bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating ACE2-expressing Exosomes Block SARS-CoV-2 Infection as an Innate Antiviral Mechanism
Authors: El-Shennawy Lamiaa , Hoffmann Andrew , Dashzeveg Nurmaa , Mehl Paul , Yu Zihao , Tokars Valerie , Nicolaescu Vlad , Ostiguin Carolina , Jia Yuzhi , Li Lin , Furlong Kevin , Mao Chengsheng , Wysocki Jan , Batlle Daniel , Hope Thomas , Shen Yang , Luo Yuan , Chae Young , Zhang Hui , Swaminathan Suchitra , Randall Glenn , Demonbreun Alexis , Ison Michael , Fang Deyu , Liu Huiping 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with innate and adaptive immune response triggered in such patients by viral antigens. Both convalescent plasma and engineered high affinity human monoclonal antibodies have shown therapeutic potential to treat COVID-19. Whether additional antiviral soluble factors exist in peripheral blood remain understudied. Herein, we detected circulating exosomes that express the SARS-CoV-2 viral entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in plasma of both healthy donors and convalescent COVID-19 patients. We demonstrated that exosomal ACE2 competes with cellular ACE2 for neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 infection. ACE2-expressing (ACE2+) exosomes, but not the ACE2-negative controls, blocked the binding of the viral spike (S) protein RBD to ACE2+ cells in a dose dependent manner, which was 400- to 700-fold more potent than that of vesicle-free recombinant human ACE2 extracellular domain protein (rhACE2). As a consequence, exosomal ACE2 prevented SARS-CoV-2 pseudotype virus tethering and infection of human host cells at a 50–150 fold higher efficacy than rhACE2. A similar antiviral activity of exosomal ACE2 was further demonstrated to block wild-type live SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of note, depletion of ACE2+ exosomes from COVID-19 patient plasma impaired the ability to block SARS-CoV-2 RBD binding to host cells. Furthermore, a dramatic increase in plasma ACE2+ exosome levels were detected in patients with severe COVID-19 pathogenesis. Our data demonstrate that ACE2+ exosomes can serve as a decoy therapeutic and a possible innate antiviral mechanism to block SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Study on the Influence of Anchorage Length and Pretension on the Working Resistance of Rock Bolt Based on its Tensile Characteristics
Authors: Chang Jucai , He Kai , Pang Dongdong , Li Dong , Li Chuanming , Sun Bingjun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In coal mining roadway support design, the working resistance of the rock bolt is the key factor affecting its support effect. Effective improvement of the working resistance is of great significance to roadway support. Based on the rock bolt’s tensile characteristics and the mining roadway surrounding rock deformation, a mechanical model for calculating the working resistance of the rock bolt is established and solved. Taking the mining roadway of the 17102 (3) working face at the Panji 3# Well Coal Mine of China as a research object, with a quadrilateral section roadway, the influence of pretension and anchorage length on the working resistance of high-strength and ordinary rock bolts in the middle and corner of the roadway is studied. The results show that when the bolt is in the elastic stage, increasing the pretension and anchorage length can effectively improve the working resistance. When the bolt is in the yield and strain-strengthening stages, increasing the pretension and anchorage length cannot effectively improve the working resistance. The influence of pretension and anchorage length on the ordinary and high-strength bolts is similar. The ordinary bolt’s working resistance is approximately 25 kN less than that of the high-strength bolt. When pretension and anchorage length are considered separately, the best pretensions of the high-strength bolt in the middle of the roadway side and the roadway corner are 41.55 and 104.26 kN, respectively, and the best anchorage lengths are 1.54 and 2.12 m, respectively. The best anchorage length of the ordinary bolt is the same as that of the high-strength bolt, and the best pretension for the ordinary bolt in the middle of the roadway side and at the roadway corner is 33.51 and 85.12 kN, respectively. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for supporting the design of quadrilateral mining roadways.
Longwall Face Roof Disaster Prediction Algorithm Based on Data Model Driving
Authors: Pang Yihui , Wang Guofa , Wang Hongbo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Hydraulic support is the main equipment used for surrounding rock control at fully mechanized mining face. Data such as load and posture of hydraulic support are important basis for predicting roof disasters. This paper summarized and analyzed the status of coal mine safety accidents and the main influencing factors of roof disasters, and proposed the monitoring information characteristic parameters of roof disasters based on support posture-load changes. According to the monitoring load data of the Yanghuopan coal mine, the data feature decomposition method was used to effectively extract the trend item and cycle period item of the load, and the period weighting characteristics of the longwall face was obtained. Some various algorithms were used to model and analyze the monitoring data, which can better realize the single point prediction and the prediction of one support cycle. The accuracy of different algorithms was evaluated. Different data models had better single point prediction effects on the support load. SARIMA model was better than ARIMA model for load prediction in one support cycle, but the prediction effect of these two algorithms in one fracture cycle was poor. Therefore, we proposed a hydraulic support load prediction method based on multiple data cutting and hydraulic support load template library, and constructed the technical framework of roof disaster intelligent prediction platform based on this method, which can perform the prediction and early warning of roof disaster according to the load and posture monitoring information of hydraulic support.
Magnitude and Factors Associated With Uncontrolled Asthma Among Patients at Government Hospitals Follow-Up Clinic in Harar and Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia.
Authors: Heluf Helina , Assefa Nega , Dessie Yadeta , Tibebu Abel , Tamiru Dawit 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Uncontrolled asthma adds to the burden of non-communicable diseases. The studies on the level of asthma control in Ethiopia are confined to some specific geographical areas, didn’t assess trigger related factors and factors associated with partially and poorly controlled asthma separately and done with small sample sizes. The purpose of this study is to assess the magnitude and factors associated with uncontrolled asthma among patients at government hospitals follow-up clinic in Harar and Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on selected 509 adult asthmatic patients on follow up at 6 government hospitals in Harar and Dire Dawa cities from February 21- April 20, 2020. Multinomial logistic regression has been used to identify factors associated with uncontrolled asthma and the result was presented using COR and AOR with their corresponding 95% confidence interval. Result: The magnitude of uncontrolled (poorly controlled and partially controlled) asthma was 420 (82.5%). Poor knowledge about asthma (AOR: 5.442; 95% CI (1.839-16.101)), negative attitude towards asthma (AOR=4.247; 95% CI (1.594-11.312)), non-adherence to medications (AOR=4.692; 95% CI (1.554-14.17)) and using the combination of Inhaled Corticosteroid (ICS) and Long Acting Beta2 Agonist (LABA) to control asthma (AOR=0.287; 95% CI (0.102-0.803)) were significantly associated with poorly controlled asthma. Average knowledge about asthma (AOR=3.918; 95% CI (1.276-12.03)) and using the combination of ICS and LABA (AOR=0.283; 95% CI (0.084-0.947)) were significantly associated with partially controlled asthma.Conclusion: This study indicated a higher magnitude of uncontrolled asthma. Poor and average knowledge about asthma, negative attitude towards asthma, non-adherence to medications, and using the combination of ICS and LABA to control asthma were associated with uncontrolled asthma. Health care providers, hospitals, health policymakers, and researchers should work on asthma control by different methods through enhancing patients' knowledge and attitude towards asthma.
Is Early Surgical Intervention Effective for Traumatic Severe Cervical Spinal Cord Injury?
Authors: Yamamoto Koji , Okuda Akinori , Maegawa Naoki , Konishi Hironobu , Miyazaki Keita , Tada Yusuke , Kogeichi Yohei , Takano Keisuke , Asai Hideki , Kawai Yasuyuki , Urisono Yasuyuki , Shigematsu Hideki , Kawamura Kenji , Fukushima Hidetada , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: It is unclear whether early surgery for traumatic severe cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) improves neurological outcomes and reduces complications. This study aimed to determine whether surgery within 24 h improves the neurological prognosis of and reduces the complications associated with surgery for traumatic severe CSCI.Methods: The data of 42 patients with traumatic severe CSCI with American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) grades of A–B who underwent surgery between December 2007 and May 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The participants were divided into early surgery (< 24 h) and late surgery (> 24 h) groups. With inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using a propensity score adjusted for confounding factors, we compared the AIS grade before and 1 month after surgical treatment as the primary outcome. The secondary outcome was the intensive care unit length of stay (ICU-LOS) and occurrence of respiratory complications and cardiac arrest.Results: In the early surgery group (n = 32, 76%), the average time to surgery was 10.25 h (4–23 h). The IPTW analysis indicated significant differences in neurological improvement according to the AIS grade at 1 month after surgery (odds ratio [OR]: 17.1 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 1.9–156.7, p = 0.012), ICU-LOS > 7 days (OR: 0.14 95% Cl: 0.02–0.90, p = 0.04), respiratory complications (OR: 0.08 95% Cl: 0.01–0.73, p = 0.03), and cardiac arrest (OR: 0.13 95% Cl: 0.02–0.85, p = 0.03).Conclusion: Early surgery (within 24 h) for traumatic severe CSCI may be effective in improving the neurological prognosis and preventing a long ICU-LOS and postoperative complications.
Efficient Removal of Organic Dyes and Lead Ions With Eco-friendly Prepared Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles From Water&nbsp;
Authors: Salam Mohamed Abdel , Alharthi Maymounah , Ismail Iqbal , Bellucci Stefano 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this research work, different ZnO NPs were prepared via eco-friendly green route using Ziziphus jujuba leaves extract assisted by microwave. Eco-friendly prepared ZnO NPs characterized by different techniques, and the results confirmed the preparation of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO nanoparticles with different particle sizes. The prepared ZnO NPs were then used for the adsorption and removal of two different azo dyes; methyl orange (MO), and methylene blue (MB), as well as toxic Pb(II) ions, from a model solution and real samples. Influence of experimental conditions was explored, and the results showed that most of the MB, MO and Pb(II) could be removed from the model solution within few minutes, at ambient conditions using 15 mg ZnO NPs. The removal of the MB, MO and Pb(II) using ZnO NPs was studied kinetically and thermodynamically, and the results showed that the experimental data were best fitted using the pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The thermodynamics study showed that the process was spontaneous, with exothermic nature. Finally, the prepared ZnO NPs were used for the removal of MB, MO and Pb(II) in real wastewater sample, and high removal efficiency was presented.
Can Axillary Surgery Be Omitted in Patients With Breast Pathologic Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy for Breast Cancer? A Real-World Re Trospective Study in China
Authors: Wang Jue , Li Yan , Li Shuo , Zhu Qiannan , Shi Xiaoqing , Xu Lu , Xu Yinggang , Zhang Weiwei , Huang Xiaofeng , Chen Rui , Zha Xiaoming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundStudies show that axillary surgery can be potentially omitted in certain breast cancer patients who achieve breast pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST). However, potential differences between the ypT0 (no residual invasive or in situ carcinoma in the breast) and ypTis (in situ carcinoma in the breast) subgroups remain to be explored. Furthermore, whether axillary surgery can be omitted in patients with clinically assessed positive axillary lymph nodes (cN+) remains unknown.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 258 patients with early or locally advanced breast cancer who underwent breast and axillary surgery after NST. Clinical and pathologic data were compared between patients with breast pCR (ypT0/is) and those without breast pCR.ResultsAmong the patients with initial cN0, the rate of axillary pCR was similar between the breast pCR and breast non-pCR groups (P = 0.1543). Among those with breast pCR, the rate of axillary pCR was 100% in both the ypT0 and ypTis subgroups. Furthermore, among those with initial cN+, the rate of axillary pCR was higher in the breast pCR group than in the breast non-pCR group (P < 0.0001). Among the patients with breast pCR, the rate of axillary pCR was higher in the ypT0 subgroup than in the ypTis subgroup (P = 0.0034).ConclusionAxillary surgery may potentially be omitted in patients with initial cN0 who achieve breast pCR (ypT0/is), and may also be considered for omission in patients with initial cN+ who achieve ypT0 (not ypTis).
Benefits of esmolol in sepsis and septic shock in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Chen Chun , Zhang Jing , Zhou Zemei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Sepsis affects millions of people each year, and brings substantial health and economic burden to the global. Esmolol may have the potential in the treatment of sepsis and septic shock in adults. However, current evidence remains controversial.
Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from their inception to September 19, 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of esmolol in sepsis and septic shock in adults. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to combine effect estimates. Two investigators independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies.
Results

Seven RCTs were included with a total of 463 patients with sepsis and/or septic shock. Overall, compared with standard treatment, esmolol significantly decreased 28-day mortality (risk ratio [RR] 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52 to 0.88), and heart rate (standardized mean difference [SMD] -1.83, 95% CI -2.95 to -0.70) and troponin I (TnI) level (SMD − 0.59, 95% CI -1.02 to -0.16) at 24 hours after treatment; no significant effect was found on the length of intensive care unit stay, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, central venous oxygen saturation, Stroke Volume Index, tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin 6, White Blood Cells and PO2/FiO2.
Conclusions

Esmolol treatment may be safe and effective in decreasing 28-day mortality, controlling heart rate, and preventing myocardial damage, but no evidence of effect on lung injury in sepsis and septic shock after fluid resuscitation early. There were no significant adverse effects on tissue perfusion and oxygen utilization.
Development and Validation a Nomogram for Predicting the Third Station Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Li Cong , Fang Mengjie , Zhang Liwen , Zhong Lianzhen , Dong Di , Tian Jie , Shan Xiuhong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background:This study aimed to evaluate the value of radiomic nomogram in predicting lymph node metastasis in T1-2 gastric cancer according to the No. 3 station lymph nodes.Methods:A total of 159 T1-2 gastric cancer (GC) patients who had undergone surgery with lymphadenectomy between March 2012 and November 2017 were retrospectively collected and divided into a primary cohort (n = 80) and a validation cohort (n = 79). Radiomic features were extracted from both tumor region and No. 3 station lymph nodes (LN) based on computed tomography (CT) images per patient. Then, key features were selected using minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm and fed into two radiomic signatures, respectively. Meanwhile, the predictive performance of clinical risk factors was studied. Finally, a nomogram was built by merging radiomic signatures and clinical risk factors and evaluated by the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) as well as decision curve.Results: Two radiomic signatures, reflecting phenotypes of the tumor and LN respectively, were significantly associated with LN metastasis. A nomogram incorporating two radiomic signatures and CT-reported LN metastasis status showed good discrimination of LN metastasis in both the primary cohort (AUC: 0.915; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.832-0.998) and validation cohort (AUC: 0.908; 95%CI: 0.814-1.000). The decision curve also indicated its potential clinical usefulness.Conclusions:The nomogram received favorable predictive accuracy in predicting No.3 station LN metastasis in T1-2 GC, and could assist the choice of therapy.
Subjective Symptoms and Serum Methadone Concentration: What Should Guide Dose Adjustments in Methadone Maintenance Treatment? A Naturalistic Cohort Study From Norway
Authors: Chalabianloo Fatemeh , Fadnes Lars Thore , Høiseth Gudrun , Ohldieck Christian , Vold Jørn Henrik , Aas Christer , Løberg Else-Marie , Johansson Kjell Arne , Bramness Jørgen G. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThere is little evidence-based guidance on how to optimize methadone dosage among patients with opioid addiction undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). This study aims to investigate whether self-perceived opioid withdrawal symptoms, adverse effects and self-reported substance use in patients on MMT are related to serum methadone concentration and what role these could play in clinical decisions on dose adjustments.MethodsIn this naturalistic cohort study clinical and laboratory measurements from 83 patients undergoing MMT in outpatient clinics in Bergen, Norway during May 2017-January 2020 were included. Information on age, gender, methadone daily doses and serum concentrations, subjective opioid withdrawal symptoms (SOWS), self-reported adverse effects and substance use were obtained. Linear mixed modelling was used for analyzing the data.ResultsMean age was 45 years and 34% were women. 55% reported subjective opioid withdrawal symptoms, and all had experienced at least one subjective adverse effect. Self-reported substance use was recorded in 88% of the interviews. Total SOWS score (P<0.001), and the specific subjective withdrawal symptoms of anxiety (P=0.004), bone- and muscle ache (P=0.003), restlessness (P=0.017) and shaking (P=0.046) out of the 16 symptoms in standard SOWS questionnaire, as well as the use of heroin (P=0.015) and alcohol (P=0.011) were associated with lower methadone concentrations, whereas cannabis use was associated with higher methadone concentrations (P=0.049). Conclusions More subjective opioid withdrawal symptoms and more self-reported use of heroin and alcohol were associated with lower serum methadone concentrations. More use of cannabis was related to higher serum methadone concentrations. These findings suggest that patient's self-perceived symptoms and current clinical condition can be applied as the main guide in methadone dose adjustments. In some aberrant cases, measurement of serum concentration together with other individual assessments may be considered to support the clinical decision.
Change Trend of Plasma D-Dimer Level and Its Clinical Value in Patients with Acute Lower Limb Ischemia Treated by Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis
Authors: Liu Xiaochun , Xie Hailiang , Zheng Guofu , Liu Yuanfei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To investigate the correlation between plasma D-dimer levels before and after catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) in acute lower limb ischemia (ALI) and lower limb arterial recanalization and the clinical value of the change trend of plasma D-dimer. A retrospective review of all patients who received CDT for the treatment of ALI between January 2013 and December 2019 was carried out. The change trend of plasma D-dimer of the patients during thrombolysis was statistically analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. A total of 150 patients were included in the analysis. Among them, 3 days of CDT was ineffective in 41 cases, effective in 33 cases and markedly effective in 76 cases. The plasma D-dimer levels of the patients were significantly different between pre- and post-thrombolysis (F = 23.856, P = 0.000). There was an interaction effect between the measured time factors and thrombolysis efficacy (F=13.991, P=0.000). The change trends of plasma D-dimer levels in the three groups were statistically significant (F = 3.246, P = 0042). The plasma D-dimer level changes regularly during CDT for ALI. We can predict the efficacy of CDT and guide adjustments of the therapeutic regimen according to the trend of D-dimer changes during thrombolysis to obtain better clinical effects.
Network Pharmacology-Based Prediction of the Active Ingredients and Potential Targets of Chinese Herbal Danyu Gukang Pills for Application to Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Disease
Authors: Guo Yongchang , Zhang Dapeng , Cao Yuju , Feng Xiaoyan , Shen Caihong , Li Wenqian , Gong Shunguo , Hou Fengzhi , Yang Zhimin , Yi Juanjuan , Luo Dan , Chen Xifeng , Song Jingbo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevanceOsteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is still a challenge for orthopedists worldwide, which may lead to disability in patients without effective treatment. A newly developed formula of Chinese medicine, Danyu Gukang Pills (DGP), was recognized to be effective for ONFH. Nevertheless, its molecular mechanisms remain to be clarified. MethodsNetwork pharmacology was adopted to detect the mechanism of DGP on ONFH. The compounds of DGP were collected from the online databases, and active components were selected based on their OB and DL index. The potential proteins of DGP were acquired from TCMSP database, while the potential genes of ONFH were obtained from Gene Cards and Pubmed Gene databases. The function of Gene and potential pathways were researched by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. The compounds-targets and targets-pathways network were constructed in an R and Cytosacpe software. The mechanism was further investigated via molecular docking. Finally, in-vitro experiments were validated in the BMSCs. ResultsA total of 2305 compounds in DGP were gained, among which, 370 were selected as active components for which conforming to criteria. Combined the network analysis, molecular docking and in-vitro experiments, the results firstly demonstrated that the treatment effect of DGP on ONFH may be closely related to HIF-1α, VEGFA and HIF-1 signaling pathway. ConclusionThe current study firstly researched the molecular mechanism of DGP on ONFH based on network pharmacology. The results indicated that DGP may exert the effect on ONFH targeting on HIF-1α and VEGFA via HIF-1 signaling pathway.