bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AMPLIFIKASI GEN COI DARI SAMPEL DARAH ULAR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA PASANGAN PRIMER UNIVERSAL
Authors: Pahlevi Dylan R. , De Queljoe Edwin , Kolondam Beivy J. 
Published: May 2021

AMPLIFICATION OF COI GENE FROM SNAKE BLOOD SAMPLES USING TWO UNIVERSALPRIMER PAIRS. This study aims to amplify COI (Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I) gene fragments from snake blood. Four samples were obtained from four different snake individuals that were captured in Tapahan Telu Waterfall, Kali Village, Minahasa Regency. Total DNA from the sample was isolated and then the COI gene was amplified through the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) reaction using two primer pairs, LCO1490-HCO2198 and FF2d-FR1d. These four samples were successfully amplified using different primers, i.e. DRP1 and DRP3 by FF2d-FR1d and DRP2 and DRP4 by LCO1490-HCO2198 primers. The success of amplification marked by the presence of 710 bp (LCO1490-HCO2198) and 707 bp (FF2d-FR1d) bands, which were indicated by those bands were located close to the standard 750 bp DNA ladder. Key words: Snake, Amplification, COI gene, Primers, PCR
INFESTASI CAPLAK (Boophilus microplus) PADA TERNAK SAPI DI DESA PINABETENGAN KECAMATAN TOMPASO KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Konore Jordan Ch. , Lomboan Agustinus , Pudjihastuti Endang , Sane Srimalasinha , Nangoy Meis 
Published: May 2021

This research was conducted in Pinabetengan village to calculate the prevalence and preference of tick infestations in cattle in Pinabetengan Village, Tompaso District, Minahasa Regency. This study uses the Purposive Random Sampling method. 64 cattles were used as samples. Collecting ticks starts from the head, neck, back, groin, legs, and tail, then put in a bottle containing 70% alcohol based on the body parts of the animal. Based on the result research that 30 cattles were found to be infested of tick. Preferences of ticks on body parts of cattle show that at the groin is the most infestation of ticks. The tick infestation preference based on sex it turn out that female cattle are more often infested with tick. Based on the results and discussion it can be concluded that the cattle in the North Pinabetengan village infested with Boophilus microplus tick is 46.9%. Preference for tick infestation on the body parts that are most commonly found in the groin of cattle. Preference for tick infestation in female cattle is 4.38 ticks, while male cattle are 3.33 ticks.Keywords: Ticks, Infestations, Preference, Prevalence, Cow
PEMATAHAN DORMANSI BENIH PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) MENGGUNAKAN HORMON GIBERALIN
Authors: Agurahe Lisa , Rampe Henny L , Mantiri Feky R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the breakdown of nutmeg seed dormancy after application using the hormone giberalin, and get the best concentration of giberalin in breaking nutmeg seed dormancy. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Basic Biology, Biology Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University in December 2017 to February of 2018. This study used the experimental method Complete Random Design (CRD) with three replications. Treatment of Giberalin hormone concentration with four levels of treatment, namely GA3 0 ppm (G0) (control), GA3 25 ppm (G1), GA3 50 ppm (G2), and GA3 75 ppm (G3). The parameters observed were germination potential, germination similarity, vigor index and vigor coefficient. The results showed that the application of the giberalin hormone had a significant effect on the viability of nutmeg seeds including the potential for germination (Sig = 0,00) and the similarity of germination in the 27th day study of G1 and G2 treatment of 11.11%. The potential results of germination on nutmeg seed reached 100% at 54 HST. Observation of seed vigor obtained by the value of vigor index is 12.37 and the vigor coefficient is 14.400 Keywords: Nutmeg seeds, Giberalin, Vigor, Viability ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pematahan dormansi benih pala setelah aplikasi menggunakan hormon giberalin, dan mendapatkan konsentrasi giberalin yang paling baik dalam mematahkan dormansi benih pala. Penelitian ini di Laboratorium Biologi Dasar Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sam Ratulangi pada bulan Desember Tahun 2017 sampai Februari Tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan konsentrasi hormon Giberalin dengan empat taraf perlakuan yaitu GA3 0 ppm (G0) (kontrol), GA3 25 ppm (G1), GA3 50 ppm (G2), dan GA3 75 ppm (G3). Parameter yang diamati adalah potensial berkecambah, keserempakan perkecambahan, indeks vigor dan koefisien vigor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi hormon giberalin berpengaruh nyata terhadap viabilitas benih pala meliputi potensial berkecambah (Sig= 0,00) dan keserempakan perkecambahan pada penelitian hari ke 27 perlakuan G1dan G2 yaitu 11,11%. Hasil pengamatan potensial berkecambah pada benih pala mencapai 100% pada 54 HST. Pengamatan vigor benih diperoleh nilai indeks vigor yaitu 12,37 dan koefisien vigor yaitu 14.400. Kata kunci: Benih Pala, Giberalin, Vigor, Viabilitas
POTENSI ANTIMIKROBA DARI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS APLYSINA sp. TERHADAP MIKROBA UJI Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus DAN Candida albicans
Authors: Kotel Marcelinda N. , Wewengkang Defny S. , Simbala Herny E. I. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Sponge Aplysina sp. is one of the marine biota , which has bioactive compounds that can be used as medicinal ingredients. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial potential of the extracts and fractions of sponge Aplysina sp., against microbes tested of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Aplysina sp., sponge was extracted using maceration method with ethanol solvent and fractionated using methanol, n-hexan and chloroform solvents. To test the antimicrobial activity carried out by disk diffusion agar method and observations carried out 24 hours incubation period, with inhibition zones measured using a digital caliper. The results showed that samples of Aplysina sp., proved to have antimicrobial compounds to inhibit Gram –positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram- negative bacteria Escherichia coli, with the highest inhibitory zone activity, and found in Gram –positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with measurements of 7,37 mm. Keywords: Sponge Aplysina sp, Antimicrobial, Extraction, Fractionation. ABSTRAK Spons Aplysina sp merupakan salah satu biota laut yang memiliki senyawa bioaktif yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi antimikroba dari Ekstrak dan Fraksi Spons Aplysina sp Terhadap Mikroba Uji Echerichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Candida albicans. Spons Aplysina sp diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol dan difraksinasi menggunakan pelarut methanol, n-hexan, dan Kloroform. Untuk pengujian aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar dan pengamatan dilakukan 1x24 jam masa inkubasi, dengan zona hambat diukur menggunakan digital caliper. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampel Spons Aplysina sp terbukti memiliki senyawa antimikroba untuk menghambat bakteri Gram positif Staphylococcus aureus dan bakteri Gram negatif Echerichia coli, dengan aktivitas zona hambat tertinggi, terdapat pada bakteri Gram positif Staphylococcus aureus dengan hasil pengukuran 7,37 mm. Kata Kunci : Spons Aplysina sp, Antimikroba, Ekstraksi, Fraksinasi.
TINGKATKAN IMUNITAS TUBUH DIMASA ADAPTASI KEBIASAAN BARU DENGAN DIVERSIFIKASI PRODUK OLAHAN IKAN
Authors: Wonggo Djuhria , Reo Albert Royke 
Published: May 2021

The purpose of community service is to strengthten immune system during the adaptation of “new normal”, through diversification of processed products to increase the amount of fish consumption and providing B2SA food in the online culinary business for PKK Jaga 6 women in Sea Village, Pineleng District, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. The method used is counseling, training and mentoring and evaluation.To find out whether the product being offered was accepted by consumers, a hedonic test was conducted on 14 panelists.The diversified products offered are the manufacture of fish kakinaga, fish nuggets and fish Ilobulo. The hedonic test results showed that both the taste, texture, smell and appearance of the fish kakinaga products were between the likes and the most liked and also the most liked. For fish nuggets, consumer acceptance, in terms of taste, texture, smell and appearance, is between very, very fond. Meanwhile, consumer acceptance of Ilobulo fish starts from like to really like. This shows that the three products are very accepted by consumers, especially PKK Jaga 6 women in Sea Village, Pineleng District, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province.
Influence of high-molecular hyaluronic acid on MCF-7 breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Zamulaeva Irina , Мария Абрамова  , Matchuk Ol`ga , Lipunov Nikita , Mkrtchyan Liana , Krikunova Lyudmila 
Published: April 2021

In recent years, more and more data have been accumulating on the high radio- and chemo-resistance of tumor stem cells (CSCs), confirming the assumption that these cells play an important role in the recurrence of the tumor process in some cancer patients. Therefore it is of considerable interest to elucidate the patterns and mechanisms of the formation of the CSC pool under the influence of various factors, including one of the main components of the extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid (HA).
The purpose of the study was to elucidate the effects of HA with a molecular weight of (1-3) x 106 Dа on the amount of CSCs in MCF-7 breast cancer cell culture in vitro.
Material and methods. Using the MTT test, the viability of MCF-7 cancer cells was determined after incubation with HA at a concentration of 0.3-5.0 mg/ml. Using flow cytometry, we evaluated the change in the relative and absolute amount of CSCs under the influence of HA (0.6 mg/ml). CSCs were detected by CD44+CD24-/low immunophenotype, as well as by their ability to efficiently efflux Hoechst 33342 fluorescent dye from cells and form so-called side population (SP).
Results. Viability of cancer cells in the general population decreased with increasing concentration of HA (R=-0.94, p=0.006). At the same time the incubation of cells with HA led to an increase in both the relative and absolute amounts of CSCs (SP) compared with the control.
Thus, the relative number of SP cells increased by 2.0 times (p = 0.002), CD44 + CD24- / low cells - by 6.1 times (p = 0.005). The absolute number of these cells changed to a lesser extent compared to the control: the increase was 1.6 (p = 0.004) and 2.9 times (p = 0.02), respectively.
Conclusion. Thus, the effect of high-molecular weight HA on breast cancer cells of MCF-7 line leads to an increase in amount of CSCs, while the viability of non-stem cancer cells decreases under the same conditions.
Processing of Task-Irrelevant Race Information is Associated with Diminished Cognitive Control in Black and White Individuals
Authors: Rubien-Thomas Estée , Berrian Nia , Cervera Alessandra , Nardos Binyam , Cohen Alexandra O. , Lowrey Ariel , Daumeyer Natalie M. , Camp Nicholas P. , Hughes Brent L. , Eberhardt Jennifer L. , Taylor-Thompson Kim A. , Fair Damien A. , Richeson Jennifer A. , Casey B. J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe race of an individual is a salient physical feature that is rapidly processed by the brain and can bias our perceptions of others. How the race of others explicitly impacts our actions toward them during intergroup contexts is not well understood. In the current study, we examined how task-irrelevant race information influences cognitive control in a go/no-go task in a community sample of Black (n = 54) and White (n = 51) participants. We examined the neural correlates of behavioral effects using functional magnetic resonance imaging and explored the influence of implicit racial attitudes on brain-behavior associations. Both Black and White participants showed more cognitive control failures, as indexed by dprime, to Black versus White faces, despite the irrelevance of race to the task demands. This behavioral pattern was paralleled by greater activity to Black faces in the fusiform face area, implicated in processing face and in-group information, and lateral orbitofrontal cortex, associated with resolving stimulus-response conflict. Exploratory brain-behavior associations suggest different patterns in Black and White individuals. Black participants exhibited a negative association between fusiform activity and response time during impulsive errors to Black faces, whereas White participants showed a positive association between lateral OFC activity and cognitive control performance to Black faces when accounting for implicit racial associations. Together our findings propose that attention to race information is associated with diminished cognitive control that may be driven by different mechanisms for Black and White individuals.
A Low-mass Cold and Quiescent Core Population in a Massive Star Protocluster
Authors: Li Shanghuo , Lu Xing , Zhang Qizhou , Lee Chang Won , Sanhueza Patricio , Beuther Henrik , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun, , Qiu Keping , Palau Aina , Feng Siyi , Pillai Thushara , Kim Kee-Tae , Liu Hong-Li , Girart Josep Miquel. , Liu Tie , Wang Junzhi , Wang Ke , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Smith Howard A. , Li Di , Lee Jeong-Eun , Li Fei , Li Juan , Kim Shinyoung , Yue Nannan , Strom Shaye 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Pre-stellar cores represent the initial conditions of star formation. Although these initial conditions in nearby low-mass star-forming regions have been investigated in detail, such initial conditions remain vastly unexplored for massive star-forming regions. We report the detection of a cluster of low-mass starless and pre-stellar core candidates in a massive star protocluster-forming cloud, NGC 6334S. With the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations at a ∼0.02 pc spatial resolution, we identified 17 low-mass starless core candidates that do not show any evidence of protostellar activity. These candidates present small velocity dispersions, high fractional abundances of NH2D, high NH3 deuterium fractionations, and are completely dark in the infrared wavelengths from 3.6 up to 70 μm. Turbulence is significantly dissipated and the gas kinematics are dominated by thermal motions toward these candidates. Nine out of the 17 cores are gravitationally bound, and therefore are identified as pre-stellar core candidates. The embedded cores of NGC 6334S show a wide diversity in masses and evolutionary stages.
Thiols in the Interstellar Medium: First Detection of HC(O)SH and Confirmation of C2H5SH
Authors: Rodríguez-Almeida Lucas F. , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun , Rivilla Víctor M. , Martín-Pintado Jesús , Zeng Shaoshan , Tercero Belén , de Vicente Pablo , Colzi Laura , Rico-Villas Fernando , Martín Sergio , Requena-Torres Miguel A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The chemical compounds carrying the thiol group (-SH) have been considered essential in recent prebiotic studies regarding the polymerization of amino acids. We have searched for this kind of compound toward the Galactic Center quiescent cloud G+0.693–0.027. We report the first detection in the interstellar space of the trans-isomer of monothioformic acid (t-HC(O)SH) with an abundance of ∼1 × 10−10. Additionally, we provide a solid confirmation of the gauche isomer of ethyl mercaptan (g-C2H5SH) with an abundance of ∼3 × 10−10, and we also detect methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) with an abundance of ∼5 × 10−9. Abundance ratios were calculated for the three SH-bearing species and their OH analogs, revealing similar trends between alcohols and thiols with increasing complexity. Possible chemical routes for the interstellar synthesis of t-HC(O)SH, CH3SH, and C2H5SH are discussed, as well as the relevance of these compounds in the synthesis of prebiotic proteins in the primitive Earth.
Dione’s Wispy Terrain: A Cryovolcanic Story?
Authors: Dalle Ore Cristina M. , Long Christopher J. , Nichols-Fleming Fiona , Scipioni Francesca , Rivera Valentín Edgard G. , Lopez Oquendo Andy J. , Cruikshank Dale P. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We examine the H2O ice phase on the surface of Dione, one of Saturn’s icy satellites, to investigate whether it might harbor cryovolcanic activity induced by a subcrustal body of water. Several studies have searched for such a signature, as summarized in Buratti et al.; however, none has yet produced sufficient evidence to dissipate doubts. In the radiation environment characteristic of Saturn’s icy moons, the presence of crystalline H2O ice has been used as a marker of a high-temperature region. Because ion bombardment will, over time, drive crystalline ice toward an increasingly amorphous state, the current phase of the H2O ice can be used to gauge the temporal temperature evolution of the surface. We adopt a technique described by Dalle Ore et al. to map the fraction of amorphous to crystalline H2O ice on Dione’s surface, observed by the Cassini Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer, and provide an ice exposure age. We focus on a region observed at high spatial resolution and centered on one of the faults of the Wispy Terrain, which is measured to be fully crystalline. By assuming an amorphous to crystalline ice fraction of 5% (i.e., 95% crystallinity), significantly higher than the actual measurement, we obtain an upper limit for the age of the fault of 152 Ma. This implies that the studied fault has been active in the last ∼100 Ma, supporting the hypothesis that Dione might still be active or was active a very short time ago, and similarly to Enceladus, might still be harboring a body of liquid water under its crust.
L’effondrement, tourbillons et perte de repères
Authors: Salerno Gabriel 
Published: April 2021

Lorsque nous avons publié l’article de Gabriel Salerno, fin 2018, qui présentait les diverses interprétations de l’effondrement identifiables dans la littérature sur le sujet, nous étions loin d’imaginer qu’un an plus tard, une rupture majeure — la Covid-19 — allait bouleverser les sociétés à l’échelle planétaire. Bien entendu, la crise sanitaire n’a pas « effondré » le monde dans lequel nous vivons, mais elle a montré la grande vulnérabilité des sociétés et signifié à l’homme qu’il n’était pas à l’abri de grands ébranlements. Nous avons donc invité Gabriel Salerno à revenir sur le concept d’effondrement et ce qui a pu le faire évoluer depuis 2018. Après avoir rappelé que les représentations de l’effondrement se déclinent à diverses échelles d’espace et de temps, Gabriel Salerno précise les questionnements philosophiques qui les accompagnent. À commencer par la façon d’appréhender le progrès scientifique et technique qui, jusqu’ici, a accompagné le développement des sociétés, en particulier en Occident, mais qui n’est plus unanimement considéré comme un vecteur positif dans le processus civilisateur. Cette remise en question de la place du progrès, jusqu’ici moteur de l’Histoire, brouille la vision de l’avenir de l’humanité et interroge sur le sens de l’Histoire. Les trois grandes interprétations de l’effondrement oscillent entre une vision cyclique, une vision progressiste et une vision décliniste de l’Histoire ; mais on constate, selon l’auteur, une tendance à un raffermissement des positions, voire une radicalisation, entre ceux qui acceptent de considérer l’effondrement et ceux qui refusent. Outre les clivages relatifs aux questions environnementales et sociales, l’auteur pointe une crise de la cognition, qui s’observe notamment au travers de la diffusion des théories du complot. Pour éviter que les thèses conspirationnistes n’entravent la cohésion et l’analyse objective des changements à l’œuvre dans notre civilisation, il est important de remédier à la perte de sens en cours et de remobiliser les sociétés en redonnant un sens à l’Histoire — proposer un nouvel élan pour conjurer les risques d’effondrement… S.D.
Sécurité alimentaire de la France : allier le bleu et le vert
Authors: Abis Sébastien , Coutansais Cyrille P. 
Published: April 2021

Un peu plus d’un an après le début de la pandémie et les scènes d’affolement montrant de nombreuses personnes remplissant leur chariot dans les magasins par crainte de pénuries de nourriture, les Français ont pu constater qu’ils n’ont manqué de rien pendant cette crise et que les approvisionnements alimentaires n’ont quasiment pas été affectés. Toutefois, l’épisode que nous traversons a soulevé la question de la sécurité de ces approvisionnements et montré l’importance de pouvoir disposer d’une production agricole nationale. Or, alors que le pays dispose d’importantes capacités dans le domaine halieutique, il reste fortement dépendant des importations pour satisfaire la consommation nationale de produits de la mer. C’est un paradoxe important dont Sébastien Abis et Cyrille Coutansais nous présentent ici les tenants et aboutissants. Mais c’est aussi une voie d’avenir trop peu explorée par le secteur agroalimentaire français, forte de nombreux atouts qui pourraient être exploités et pourraient permettre des synergies intéressantes avec l’agriculture terrestre (« allier le bleu et le vert »). Complétant notre série consacrée à la mer et aux océans, cet article brosse le portrait du secteur aquacole français, souligne les défis auxquels il a été et demeure confronté dans le contexte de la mondialisation des échanges, et invite à exploiter les atouts qui sont les siens pour renforcer le secteur agricole français et la sécurité alimentaire du pays. S.D.
Clinical Compass: Guiding the Relationship Between Clinical and Didactic Learning
Authors: Lambert Shari Lee , Kwasky Andrea N. , Kowalski Sonya L. , McConnell Sherry , Ciotta Barbara J. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Evidence demonstrates there is a need for innovation and further investigation on how to best prepare nursing students for practice. A consistent framework is necessary to guide students, theory faculty, and clinical instructors.

Method:
A tool was created to transform the student learning experience. This tool, the Clinical Compass, provides opportunity to better integrate didactic knowledge within the clinical experience. The tool was evaluated by creating a questionnaire for both students and faculty.

Results:
Survey data were collected from both student and instructor groups via an anonymous electronic survey. Both student and instructor surveys yielded positive results reflecting improved connection between theoretical and clinical knowledge.

Conclusion:

Data support continued use and ongoing revisions of the Clinical Compass tool. The tool will be adapted for use in the classroom, specialty areas, and virtual and simulation environments.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(5):286–288.]

.
La « tombe de la Princesse » de Tell Kashkashok III (Syrie du Nord-Est)
Authors: Suleiman † Antoine , Quenet Philippe 
Published: April 2021

Tell Kashkashok III (Syrie du Nord-Est) fut fouillé par une mission syrienne de 1986 à 1991. Une mission d’étude du riche matériel mis au jour a eu lieu au début des années 2000. Le site, entre autres vestiges, a livré une tombe exceptionnelle que le fouilleur a appelée la « tombe de la Princesse ». Son mobilier funéraire est présenté ici. Les éléments de comparaison disponibles invitent à dater cette sépulture d’une période encore peu représentée en Syrie du Nord-Est, le Jezireh Archaïque 1.