bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing respiratory complications in Stevens‐Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Authors: Lee Ken Cheah Hooi , Ko Joanna Phone , Oh Choon Chiat , Sewa Duu Wen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the recently published guidelines by the Society of Dermatology Hospitalists on the management of Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), a brief section was included on airway management. These recommendations provide an easy reference on how to manage respiratory complications of the disease. Understanding the evidence that underlies these recommendations would offer physicians greater clarity on the considerations behind every decision and treatment offered. We present a review of the literature on respiratory manifestations associated with SJS and TEN. In addition, we aim to address specific concerns regarding the respiratory management of these patients. These include issues such as the indications and optimal timing of intubation, tracheostomy, role of flexible nasoendoscopy, bronchoscopy, ventilation strategies, and management of chronic respiratory complications.
Tangential excision (saucerization) of small basal and squamous cell skin cancers with formalin horizontal (en face) comprehensive margin histopathologic evaluation
Authors: Shapiro Robert S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundMohs surgery is not appropriate for all skin cancer removals. D&C has an unacceptable recurrence rate of 10‐20%. A simple method of skin cancer removal is needed to fill the gap. Tangential excision is a more accurate, safer, and more time‐efficient method to treat small basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers.ObjectiveDetail the process of performing tangential excision of skin cancers.MethodsA practitioner has performed this technique for 30 years. His experience is described here.ResultsTangential excision (saucerization) is an excellent method used to treat small skin cancers.ConclusionThis technique should be considered as a better choice than D&C for the treatment of skin cancers which are not appropriate for Mohs surgery.
An attempt to use a barley fibre preparation containing β‐glucan in the production of functional canned meat
Authors: Słowiński Mirosław , Miazek Joanna , Dasiewicz Krzysztof , Cegiełka Aneta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNutritional value and physical and sensory quality characteristics of medium‐grounded model canned meat products containing barley fibre preparation Vitacel BG300 (0.0%, 3.0% and 6.0%) were assessed. The results showed that regardless of the type of thermal treatment (pasteurisation and sterilisation), the addition of barley fibre did not significantly (P > 0.05) alter the content of the main nutrients (protein, fat and chlorides) in the block of canned meat product. Increasing the dose of barley fibre from 3.0% to 6.0% significantly increased (P < 0.05) the thermal loss in both pasteurised and sterilised canned meat products. The colour of the blocks of both pasteurised and sterilised canned meat products with barley fibre was significantly (P < 0.05) darker, and the instrumental hardness differed from the corresponding control products. Despite the beneficial nutritional effect of the Vitacel BG300 barley fibre preparation, its use significantly deteriorated the sensory quality of canned meat products.
Impact of the event effect in genetic evaluation for ranking traits in horses
Authors: Arias Katherine Daniela , Cervantes Isabel , Gutiérrez Juan Pablo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn genetic evaluation of horses, the genetic trend does not correspond into a phenotypic trend when using ranking as a phenotype due to its uniform distribution, and some other effects might be absorbing that trend. From a founder population, a further four discrete generations of 100 individuals were simulated under random mating. Then, ten additional discrete generations were simulated by selecting the best 10% of the animals. Likewise, an underlying variable with heritability 0.1 or 0.2, affected by an event environmental influence, generation and permanent environment, was simulated to establish the ranking assignment of 10 random participants or according to the competitive level for each event, in 10 or 100 structured or unstructured events. The ranking trait genetic evaluation model was tested to include or exclude the event effect and the permanent environment effect, depending on the scenario. The results showed that the event effect fitted the different competitive level of each event, leading to a 5% to 23% of selection response improvement for structured competitions. Therefore, the event effect should be included in the genetic evaluation models of horses. The permanent environment fitted or simulated did not significantly improve the selection response. The event effect explained the competition genetic level, by compensating the genetic trend obtained by selection.
Societal costs of subclinical depressive symptoms in Dutch adolescents: a cost‐of‐illness study
Authors: Bodden Denise H. M. , van den Heuvel Marieke W. H. , Engels Rutger C. M. E. , Dirksen Carmen D. 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundSubclinical depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among adolescents and are associated with negative consequences, which may pose an economic burden for society. We conducted a prevalence‐based cost‐of‐illness study using a societal perspective to investigate the cost‐of‐illness of subclinical depressive symptoms among adolescents.MethodsUsing a bottom‐up approach, cost questionnaires were assessed to measure costs from 237 Dutch families with an adolescent aged 11–18 with subclinical depressive symptoms (of which 34 met the criteria of a depressive disorder). The study is registered in the Dutch Trial Register (Trial NL5584/NTR6176; www.trialregister.nl/trial/5584).ResultsOur calculations show that adolescents with subclinical depressive symptoms cost the Dutch society more than €42 million annually, expressed in costs related to depressive symptoms. Secondary analyses were performed to test the reliability and stability of the costs. When costs related to psychological problems were considered, the annual costs amounted to €67 million. The total societal costs related to physical problems amounted to approximately €126 million. All costs combined (depressive, psychological, behavioural and physical problems and other reasons) amounted to a €243 million. Total costs were highest for physical‐related problems of the adolescent (52% of the total costs), followed by psychological (28%), depressive (17%) and behavioural problems (1%). Using an international prevalence rate, societal costs related to depressive symptoms resulted in €54 million a year.ConclusionsCost‐effective prevention programmes seem warranted given the high societal costs and risk of future costs as subclinical depressive symptoms could be a precursor of clinical depression later in life.
Using cultural‐ecological theory to construct a mid‐range theory for the development of gratitude as a virtue
Authors: Tudge Jonathan R. H. , Navarro Jessica L. , Payir Ayse , Merçon‐Vargas Elisa A. , Cao Hongjian , Zhou Nan , Liang Yue , Mendonça Sara 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGratitude scholarship, whether in the close relationships or developmental literature, currently lacks a coherent framework. The termgratitudeis used for a wide variety of constructs, and there is rarely a clear link between conceptualization and operationalization. We think that gratitude should be considered a moral virtue, involving the desire to reciprocate in some kind or helpful way to one's intentional benefactors. Our goal is thus to provide a mid‐range theoretical framework for the study of the development of gratitude as a virtue. The theory from which this framework is derived is cultural‐ecological theory.
Effect of aging and rejuvenation on adhesion properties of modified asphalt binder based on AFM
Authors: Guo Meng , Liang Meichen , Jiao Yubo , Tan Yiqiu , Yu Jianxin , Luo Daisong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe adhesion between asphalt binder and aggregate is very important to the performance and durability of asphalt pavement. In order to explore the characterisation of modified asphalt binder in microstructure during aging and rejuvenation, the virgin asphalt binder and three kinds of modified asphalt binder (styrene‐butadiene‐styrene block copolymer (SBS), rubber powder and high viscosity and high elasticity [HVHE] modifier) in different aging and rejuvenation condition were prepared. The micromorphology and surface adhesion were measured by atomic force microscopy. The average roughness value was used as the index to evaluate the micromorphology of asphalt binder. The surface adhesion was used as the index to evaluate the adhesion properties of asphalt binder. Results show that the “bee” structure of SBS‐modified asphalt binder increased slightly after long‐term aging, and the recovery effect of aromatics oil was the closest to that of the unaged one. The rubber powder‐modified asphalt binder and HVHE‐modified asphalt binder showed the spot structure. And no matter for short‐term aging or long‐term aging, aromatics oil had the best recovery effect on micro morphology. The adhesion of the three modified asphalts would decrease gradually after aging. The effects of three kinds of rejuvenator on the adhesion of SBS‐modified asphalt binder and rubber powder‐modified asphalt binder were different. Rejuvenator, aromatic oil and warm mix asphalt mixture (WMA) additive could rejuvenate the loss of adhesion of HVHE‐modified asphalt binder to a certain extent.
Effective Picosecond Nd:YAG laser on seborrheic dermatitis and its mechanism
Authors: Liu Junru , Han Chunyu , Feng Xien , Liang Jinning , Qu Yan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Picosecond Nd:YAG laser has advantages in skin rejuvenation, which has little damage to surrounding tissues due to the ultra‐short pulse width. We perform clinical application of Picosecond Nd:YAG laser's tender skin mode, which could improve the seborrheic dermatitis.Materials and MethodsSixty‐three subjects with facial seborrheic dermatitis are randomized to be control and observation groups. Records regarding skin subjective improvement, skin barrier function‐related data, skin microbial status, and dermoscopy detection of the two patient groups before and after treatments are investigated.ResultsImprovements of erythema and scales in observation group are significant compared with controls (p < 0.05). In terms of skin barrier function, there are significant changes regarding transepidermal water loss and epidermal seborrhea content in observation group after the laser treatments. Skin microbial state, pityrosporum furfur, and Demodex significantly decrement in observation group. Microscopical findings of infiltration mode advise that scales and capillary congestion and dilatation are significantly improved in observation group. Compared with controls, epidermal gloss increases, pore fineness improves, and capillary density decreases in the observation group.ConclusionsPicosecond Nd:YAG laser could efficiently decrease erythema area and seborrheic dermatitis scales and reduce pruritus incidence. The sebaceous gland secretion of seborrhea and multiplying of epidermal parasitic microbiological are inhibited after laser treatment. Less epidermal seborrhea content and inflammation are induced by parasitic microbiology, which is helpful for skin barrier function and microvascular remodeling.
Implications of narrowband ultraviolet B treatment on psoriasis severity and serum levels of angiopoietin‐2: A cross‐sectional controlled study
Authors: Nada Hesham A. , Elshabrawy Mohamed M. , Elenain Sarah Ali Abo , Elsaie Mohamed L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory hyper proliferative skin disease. Angiogenesis play an important role in Psoriasis pathogenesis, occurring even before plaque formation. Angiopoietins play an important role in angiogenesis and hence are described as angiogenic factors.AimsTo evaluate serum levels of angiopoeitin 2 (Ang‐2) following treatment with narrowband ultraviolet B (NBUVB) in patients with moderate‐severe plaque psoriasis and correlate it to psoriasis area and severity index (PASI).Patients/MethodsThis cross sectional study included 38 patients complaining of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and 38 healthy controls. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was determined and was correlated to serum levels of Ang‐2 before and after treatment with NBUVB.ResultsPASI scores and serum values of angiopoietin 2 demonstrated a significant difference between the baseline and at the end of the 12 weeks NBUVB treatment. A statistically significant positive correlation was established between psoriasis severity and Ang‐2 serum levels before and after treatment.ConclusionThe study demonstrated a potential contribution of Ang‐2 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, as well as its usefulness as a biomarker of psoriasis severity.
Effectiveness of Disseminating School Physical Activity Information on Facebook during a Pandemic: A Mixed‐Method Analysis
Authors: Ross Allison , Edmeade Jendayi , Prochnow Tyler 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSocial media is an important communication tool during times of crisis because of its vast reach. Understanding the effectiveness of sharing public health guidance and promoting schoolchildren's physical activity during the COVID‐19 pandemic can inform dissemination best practices.METHODSWe classified 418 posts from parent/community members of a school‐based physical activity Facebook group by content type, and used concurrent mixed methods to examine (1) differences in dissemination effectiveness (reactions, shares, and comments) between two pandemic phases and (2) themes and sentiments of comments. Phase I included school closures through the release of national school re‐entry guidelines (March 1, 2020 – May 15, 2020) and Phase II extended through the school year start (May 16, 2020 – August 1, 2020).RESULTSPolicy and guidance posts prompted more comments while feel‐good stories produced more reactions compared to other content types. Members reacted more during Phase II, which mainly consisted of policy and guidance (86%). Four major themes of information and resources, personal disclosures, questions and concerns, and support for educators emerged.CONCLUSIONSSharing public health guidance for schoolchildren on social media was an effective strategy to disseminate information when in‐person discourse was limited. Creating social media spaces where discussion is encouraged can provide social and emotional support for parents/community members.
Niche differentiation between Malus sylvestris and its hybrid with Malus domestica indicated by plant community, soil and light
Authors: Ahl Lisa , Aas Gregor , Walentowski Helge , Höltken Aki Michael , Feulner Martin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractQuestionMalus sylvestris is considered an endangered tree species in Central Europe. Hybridization with Malus domestica poses a serious threat to the genetic integrity of the wild species. Here we investigate whether M. sylvestris and the hybrid M. domestica × sylvestris occur in the same habitat or have different ecological niches and whether M. sylvestris is threatened by displacement by the hybrid.LocationNorthern Bavaria.MethodsTaxon delimitation was accomplished using six genetic microsatellite markers and 613 Germany‐wide references of M. sylvestris and 75 cultivars. To determine differences in the ecological niches between M. sylvestris and hybrids, light availability for the trees was estimated via gap fractions in hemispherical photographs. Soil particle size fractions and pH values were determined for each horizon. Vegetation relevé data were collected, and mean Ellenberg indicator values calculated. For habitat differences, means in combination with frequency patterns of the parameters were compared, and logistic models and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) of community data were calculated.ResultsGenetic markers identified 22 M. sylvestris and 11 hybrid specimens, meaning that in the study area the wild taxon is much more frequent than the hybrid. Ecological site differences between M. sylvestris and its hybrid with M. domestica were best explained by light availability, pH and mean Ellenberg moisture value. In contrast to the ecological demands of the hybrid, Malus sylvestris tolerated wet soil and flooding and even somewhat shadier conditions in the later successional stages. DCA revealed that differences in the composition of the plant communities in which the taxa were found were primarily driven by soil moisture.ConclusionsOur data suggested different ecological niches, which are appropriate to reduce the risk of replacement of M. sylvestris by the hybrid M. domestica × sylvestris. Hence, these findings provide important implications for a more targeted planning of in‐situ conservation strategies of M. sylvestris genomes with low levels of admixture and help to protect plant communities suitable for the threatened wild apple.
Prospects for increasing the utilization of cattle embryo transfer by small‐scale milk and meat producers in tropical regions
Authors: Contreras David A. , Galina Carlos S. , Chenoweth Peter 
Published: September 2021

ContentsSmall community cattle farmers in the tropics are facing challenges to deliver quality products whilst under pressure to increase milk and beef yields per cow. These challenges could be partially met by crossbreeding Bos taurus with Bos indicus (F1) cattle utilizing embryo transfer (ET) technology. The Bos taurus infusion would increase milk production, whilst the Bos indicus influence can improve resistance to the harsh environment of the tropics. Here, individuals from existing herds can be used to produce F1 embryos which benefit from hybrid vigour. Resultant female offspring would in turn receive an F1 embryo on reaching breeding maturity. This approach would help to provide a cost‐effective, systematic approach to improve productivity in dairy and beef cattle in the tropics. However, full usage of ET, including in vitro applications, in the tropics will require improvements in procedures, resources and education.
Soil greenhouse gas emissions, organic carbon and crop yield following pinewood biochar and biochar–manure applications at eroded and depositional landscape positions: A field trial in South Dakota, USA
Authors: Abagandura Gandura Omar , Bansal Sangeeta , Karsteter Audrey , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSoil amendments can help reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and crop yield. However, most biochar studies have been conducted on single soil type under controlled conditions. To address this limitation, the aim of this research was to investigate how field biochar and manure applications affect soil quality, plant productivity, and GHG emissions at eroded (sandy loam) and depositional (clay loam) positions in a climate transition zone (udic to ustic and mesic to frigid temperature). A field study was established in 2013 in South Dakota, USA, under a corn–soya bean rotation. Soil treatments included biochar, manure, a manure and biochar mixture, and a control (untreated soil). Soil properties (pH, electrical conductivity (EC), SOC, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium) were measured in 2017. Plant productivity parameters in 2016 and 2017 and GHG fluxes were measured during the 2016 and 2017 growing seasons. Compared with the control, SOC increased under all treatments at the eroded position (biochar 26%, manure 24%, and manure–biochar mixture 15%) and increased under biochar (25%) and the manure–biochar mixture (25%) at the depositional position. Plant parameters were similar under all treatments at both positions. Area‐scaled CO2 fluxes were lower in soils treated with biochar compared with the control at the eroded landscape position but not at the depositional landscape position. Area‐scaled N2O fluxes were lower in soils treated with biochar at both positions. Furthermore, the biochar–manure mixture treatment emitted lower area‐scaled N2O fluxes compared with manure alone at both positions. This study suggests that for eroded and depositional landscape positions, biochar can improve soil organic carbon and the effects of the biochar and biochar–manure mixture on GHG emissions vary based on the soil texture.
Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in historic convent gardens under long‐term horticultural cultivation in Krakow, Poland
Authors: Gąsiorek Michał , Halecki Wiktor 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper evaluates the seasonal changes of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) contents as an indicator of urban soil health. Our research was conducted in six horticultural urban soils in Krakow that have been cultivated for centuries. We investigated the temporal dynamics of microbial biomass C and N in soil samples from 0 to 20 cm depth taken in spring, summer and autumn. The study plots were placed in suburban areas as well as in the centre of the city to distinguish whether the detected effect of altered soil properties is similar to suburban areas. Soil microbial biomass was determined by the chloroform fumigation–extraction (CFE) method. The concentrations of MBC and MBN were measured in the field‐moist soil samples. MBC in the soil ranged from 226.5 to 742.7 mg kg−1 and MBN from 62.7 to 359.6 mg kg−1 expressed in dry mass. Repeated‐measures analysis of variance (ANOVAR, match‐model) was performed to test the main effects and interactions of temporal changes for MBC and MBN. There were significant differences only between MBN concentration in summer and autumn (p < .05). Principle component analysis (PCA) gave insightful results for the whole soil profile. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA) indicated that the most explanatory variables in the studied time period were concentration of silt, total nitrogen, MBN and MBC content in the surface layer. Molar ratios of total organic carbon and total nitrogen (TOC:TN) indicated that microbial activity for C and N is enhanced by stoichiometry demands and therefore may be important for vegetation.