bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Bio-Synthesis of 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan by Burkholderia contaminans NJPI-15 With Co-substrate
Authors: Chang Siyuan , He Xuejun , Li Bingfeng , Pan Xin 
Published: February 2021

Upgrading of biomass derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has attracted considerable interest recently. A new highly HMF-tolerant strain of Burkholderia contaminans NJPI-15 was isolated in this study, and the biocatalytic reduction of HMF into 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) using whole cells was reported. Co-substrate was applied to improve the BHMF yield and selectivity of this strain as well as HMF-tolerant level. The catalytic capacity of the cells can be substantially improved by Mn2+ ion. The strain exhibited good catalytic performance at a pH range of 6.0–9.0 and a temperature range of 25°C–35°C. In addition, 100 mM HMF could be reduced to BHMF by the B. contaminans NJPI-15 resting cells in presence of 70 mM glutamine and 30 mM sucrose, with a yield of 95%. In the fed-batch strategy, 656 mM BHMF was obtained within 48 h, giving a yield of 93.7%. The reported utilization of HMF to produce BHMF is a promising industrially sound biocatalytic process.
Development and Validation of a Prediction Rule for Growth Hormone Deficiency Without Need for Pharmacological Stimulation Tests in Children With Risk Factors
Authors: Clément Florencia , Grinspon Romina P. , Yankelevich Daniel , Martín Benítez Sabrina , De La Ossa Salgado María Carolina , Ropelato María Gabriela , Ballerini María Gabriela , Keselman Ana C. , Braslavsky Débora , Pennisi Patricia , Bergadá Ignacio , Finkielstain Gabriela P. , Rey Rodolfo A. 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionPractice guidelines cannot recommend establishing a diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) without performing growth hormone stimulation tests (GHST) in children with risk factors, due to the lack of sufficient evidence.ObjectiveOur goal was to generate an evidence-based prediction rule to diagnose GHD in children with growth failure and clinically identifiable risk factors.MethodsWe studied a cohort of children with growth failure to build the prediction model, and a second, independent cohort to validate the prediction rule. To this end, we assessed the existence of: pituitary dysgenesis, midline abnormalities, (supra)sellar tumor/surgery, CNS infection, traumatic brain injury, cranial radiotherapy, chemotherapy, genetic GHD, pituitary hormone deficiencies, and neonatal hypoglycemia, cholestasis, or hypogenitalism. Selection of variables for model building was performed using artificial intelligence protocols. Specificity of the prediction rule was the main outcome measure in the validation set.ResultsIn the first cohort (n=770), the resulting prediction rule stated that a patient would have GHD if (s)he had: pituitary dysgenesis, or two or more anterior pituitary deficiencies, or one anterior pituitary deficiency plus: neonatal hypoglycemia or hypogenitalism, or diabetes insipidus, or midline abnormalities, or (supra)sellar tumor/surgery, or cranial radiotherapy ≥18 Gy. In the validation cohort (n=161), the specificity of the prediction rule was 99.2% (95% CI: 95.6–100%).ConclusionsThis clinical rule predicts the existence of GHD with high specificity in children with growth disorders and clinically identifiable risk factors, thus providing compelling evidence to recommend that GHD can be safely diagnosed without recurring to GHST in neonates and children with growth failure and specific comorbidities.
Identification of Regulatory circRNAs Involved in the Pathogenesis of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhao Cuimei , Liu Jingjing , Ge Wen , Li Zhi , Lv Mengwei , Feng Yipeng , Liu Xuebo , Liu Ban , Zhang Yangyang 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) has high morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of AMI is still unclear, and the impact of circular RNAs (circRNAs) on AMI has rarely been recognized and needs to be explored.Materials and MethodsThe circRNA array was applied to investigate the expression level of circRNAs in the blood samples of coronary arteries of three AMI patients and three normal persons. Principal component analysis (PCA) and unsupervised clustering analysis were performed to reveal the distinguished expression patterns of circRNAs. The miRNA expression profiles of AMI patients were identified from a public dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE31568). The miRNA binding sites on the circRNAs were predicted by miRanda. The miRNA enrichment analysis and annotation tool were used to explore the pathways that the dysregulated circRNAs may participate in.ResultsIn total, 142 differentially expressed circRNAs, including 89 upregulated and 53 downregulated in AMI samples, were identified by the differential expression analysis. AMI patients had quite different circRNA expression profiles to those of normal controls. Functional characterization revealed that circRNAs that had the potential to regulate miRNAs were mainly involved in seven pathways, such as the Runt-related transcription factor-1 (RUNX1) expression and activity-related pathway. Specifically, hsa_circRNA_001654, hsa_circRNA_091761, hsa_circRNA_405624, and hsa_circRNA_406698 were predicted to sponge four miRNAs including hsa-miR-491-3p, hsa-miR-646, hsa-miR-603, and hsa-miR-922, thereby regulating RUNX1 expression or activity.ConclusionWe identified dysregulated blood circRNAs in the coronary arteries of AMI patients and predicted that four upregulated circRNAs were involved in the regulation of RUNX1 expression or activity through sponging four miRNAs.
Administration of N-acetylcysteine Plus Acetylsalicylic Acid Markedly Inhibits Nicotine Reinstatement Following Chronic Oral Nicotine Intake in Female Rats
Authors: Quintanilla María Elena , Morales Paola , Ezquer Fernando , Ezquer Marcelo , Herrera-Marschitz Mario , Israel Yedy 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundNicotine is the major addictive component of cigarette smoke and the prime culprit of the failure to quit smoking. Common elements perpetuating the use of addictive drugs are (i) cues associated with the setting in which drug was used and (ii) relapse/reinstatement mediated by an increased glutamatergic tone (iii) associated with drug-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.AimsThe present study assessed the effect of the coadministration of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) plus the anti-inflammatory acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on oral nicotine reinstatement intake following a post-deprivation re-access in female rats that had chronically and voluntarily consumed a nicotine solution orally. The nicotine-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and its effects on the glutamate transporters GLT-1 and XCT mRNA levels in prefrontal cortex were also analyzed.ResultsThe oral coadministration of NAC (40 mg/kg/day) and ASA (15 mg/kg/day) inhibited by 85% of the oral nicotine reinstatement intake compared to control (vehicle), showing an additive effect of both drugs. Acetylsalicylic acid and N-acetylcysteine normalized hippocampal oxidative stress and blunted the hippocampal neuroinflammation observed upon oral nicotine reinstatement. Nicotine downregulated GLT-1 and xCT gene expression in the prefrontal cortex, an effect reversed by N-acetylcysteine, while acetylsalicylic acid reversed the nicotine-induced downregulation of GLT-1 gene expression. The inhibitory effect of N-acetylcysteine on chronic nicotine intake was blocked by the administration of sulfasalazine, an inhibitor of the xCT transporter.ConclusionNicotine reinstatement, following post-deprivation of chronic oral nicotine intake, downregulates the mRNA levels of GLT-1 and xCT transporters, an effect reversed by the coadministration of N-acetylcysteine and acetylsalicylic acid, leading to a marked inhibition of nicotine intake. The combination of these drugs may constitute a valuable adjunct in the treatment of nicotine-dependent behaviors.
Characteristics of Patients Returning to Work After Brain Tumor Surgery
Authors: Schiavolin Silvia , Mariniello Arianna , Broggi Morgan , Acerbi Francesco , Schiariti Marco , Franzini Angelo , Di Meco Francesco , Ferroli Paolo , Leonardi Matilde 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To investigate the differences between patients returning to work and those who did not after brain tumor surgery.Methods: Patients were evaluated before surgery and after 3 months. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment test, Trail-Making Test (parts A and B), 15-word Rey–Osterrieth Word List (immediate and delayed recall), F-A-S tests, and Karnosfky Performance Status were used to assess cognitive status, attention, executive functions, memory, word fluency, and functional status. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to evaluate emotional distress and disability were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule. Clinical and work-related variables, PROMs, and cognitive tests were compared using chi-squared, t-test or Mann–Whitney U test.Results: Sixty patients were included. Patients returning to work were 61.3 and 31.0% among people with meningioma and glioma, respectively. They reported lower postoperative disability and lesser home-to-work travel time. Patients with meningioma also showed better preoperative and postoperative attention and executive functions, better postoperative functional and cognitive status, and lower frequency of treatments.Conclusions: These variables should be considered in a clinical context to plan interventions for people who need support during return to work and in future research to investigate preoperative and postoperative predictive factors of going back to work.
Inhibitory Control and Craving in Dual Disorders and Recurrent Substance Use. Preliminary Findings
Authors: Beerten-Duijkers Judith C. L. M. , Vissers Constance Th. W. M. , Rinck Mike , Egger Jos I. M. 
Published: February 2021

Objective: In Dual Disorders (DD), which involves the co-occurrence of a disorder in substance use and a mental disorder, recurrent struggles with addictive behavior are frequent. Neuropsychological knowledge concerning the profile of inhibitory control and the irresistible urge to use substances (craving) within the DD patient group may contribute to the prevention of this recurrent addictive behavior.Methods: Inhibitory control and craving were assessed in 25 patients with DD and 25 healthy controls (HC). Inhibitory control tasks (Go/No-go task and Stop Signal Task) were performed combined with brain measurements (Event Related Potentials) mapping inhibitory control. Moreover, implicit and explicit measures concerning craving were administered. Statistical DD and HC comparisons, correlational and regression analyses on exploratory base were conducted.Results: DD patients committed more inhibitory control errors than HC when confronted with (alcohol) consumption-related picture stimuli. Furthermore, patients with DD showed higher levels of implicit and explicit craving. The number of inhibitory control errors was positively related to levels of implicit and explicit craving. Moreover, explicit craving and impulsivity (as a dimension of inhibitory control) predicted the severity of addictive behavior. Event Related Potential analyses did not show differences in inhibitory control-associated brain activity between DD patients and HC; both groups showed reduction of P300 amplitudes in response to alcohol pictures.Conclusions: Impulsivity and craving are elevated in DD patients and show predictive value for the severity of addictive behavior. One's level of impulsive action tendency may trigger less effort to control (recurrent) substance use. The findings may contribute to existing DD treatment indications by the promotion of impulse control training via “stop-think-act” methods for DD patients.
Gabapentinoid Abuse in France: Evidence on Health Consequences and New Points of Vigilance
Authors: Tambon Marine , Ponté Camille , Jouanjus Emilie , Fouilhé Nathalie , Micallef Joelle , Lapeyre-Mestre Maryse ,   the French Addictovigilance Network (FAN)
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Gabapentinoid drugs (gabapentin and pregabalin) are widely used worldwide for epileptic and pain disorders. First signals of gabapentinoid abuse occurred in the last decade. This study aims to describe clinical characteristics of gabapentinoid use related disorders and health consequences in France.Materials and Methods: We designed a multisource investigation reviewing data reported to the French Addictovigilance Network (FAN) with pregabalin and gabapentin from 2010 to 2019. Information was obtained through the analysis of Spontaneous Reports (SRs) notified by health professionals and the pharmacoepidemiological surveys OSIAP (suspicious prescriptions forms indicators of potential abuse), OPPIDUM (observation of illicit drugs and misuse of psychotropic medications), DRAMES (death related to prescription drugs and other substances), and DTA (toxic deaths due to analgesics).Results: Over 2010–2019 period, were collected: (i) 265 SRs (258 pregabalin; 7 gabapentin); (ii) 816 forged prescription forms (805 pregabalin, 10 gabapentin, 1 involving both drugs); (iii) 145 cases of gabapentinoid use in people who use drugs (121 pregabalin; 24 gabapentin) and (iv) 31 cases of gabapentinoid-related deaths (25 pregabalin; 6 gabapentin). Risk factors of gabapentinoid abuse were opioid use disorders or psychiatric history, but cases of primary abuse in subjects without any substance abuse history were observed. Adverse outcomes concern almost exclusively pregabalin, with coma, dyspnea, convulsion, and conduction disorders. Treatment demands increased from 10.6% in 2018 to 23.1% in 2019, with pregabalin cited as the first substance leading to addictological care in the 2019 OPPIDUM survey. Gabapentinoid-related deaths increased over time. Pregabalin has become the first drug mentioned in forged prescriptions in 2019 (23.8% of OSIAP), while it ranked at the 15th position in 2017 (2.6%).Discussion: This study shows the importance of addictovigilance monitoring for gabapentinoids. Addictovigilance data helped to make visible the gabapentinoid-abuse related health harms (hospitalization for serious neurologic, psychiatric or cardiac effects, requests for addictological support and deaths) and to confirm the intrinsic abuse potential of pregabalin. These data highlight new points of vigilance considering observed primary abuse. At this point in France, the risk of abuse and related complications is very apparent with pregabalin. Still, it is identical to that observed elsewhere with gabapentin.
AKI in COVID-19–Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)
Authors: Lipton Marissa , Mahajan Ruchi , Kavanagh Catherine , Shen Carol , Batal Ibrahim , Dogra Samriti , Jain Namrata G. , Lin Fangming , Uy Natalie S. 
Published: February 2021

Key Points

AKI was a common finding among pediatric patients hospitalized with COVID-19–associated MIS-C.Older age, increased inflammation, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction may be risk factors for AKI in children with MIS-C.Although children with MIS-C may develop AKI, our study suggests that most experience mild disease, swift resolution, and promising outcome.

Background
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a recently identified entity in association with COVID-19. AKI has been widely reported in patients with primary COVID-19 infection. However, there is a paucity of literature regarding renal injury in MIS-C. We aim to characterize AKI in MIS-C in this cohort identified at a major children's hospital in New York City during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children 0–20 years old admitted to Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital (MSCH) between April 18th and September 23rd, 2020. Patients were included if they met criteria for MIS-C on the basis of CDC guidelines. All patients were evaluated for the presence of AKI, and AKI was staged according to KDIGO criteria.

Results
Of the 57 children who met inclusion criteria, 46% (26 of 57) were found to have AKI. The majority of patients (58%; 15 of 26) were classified as KDIGO stage 1. AKI was present upon admission in 70% of those identified. All patients had resolution of AKI at discharge, with 61% achieving recovery by day 2. One patient required dialysis. When compared with those without renal injury, the AKI cohort was older (P<0.001) and had higher median peak values of CRP (P<0.001), IL-6 (P=0.02), ferritin (P<0.001), and procalcitonin (P=0.02). More patients with AKI had left ventricular systolic dysfunction (P<0.001) and lymphopenia (P=0.01) when compared with those without AKI. No differences in body mass index or sex were found.

Conclusions
Although children with MIS-C may develop AKI, our study suggests that most experience mild disease, swift resolution, and promising outcome. Older age, increased inflammation, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction may be risk factors. Our study highlights the substantial differences in epidemiology and outcomes between AKI associated with pediatric MIS-C versus primary COVID-19 infection.
Economic Traits Selection and Genetic Parameters of Herd Cows of the Aberdeen-Angus Breed
Authors: Габидулин В.М. , Алимова С.А. , Тагиров Х.Х. 
Published: February 2021

Представлены результаты исследования по выявлению хозяйственно-биологических особенностей и селекционно-генетических параметров селекционируемых признаков коров стада абердин-ангусской породы австралийской репродукции. По результатам исследования выявлено, что генетический потенциал продуктивности максимально выражен в возрасте пяти лет (у полновозрастных коров) и перманентно сохраняется до девятилетнего возраста. Рост основных селекционируемых признаков с двух до пяти лет составил по живой массе 15,1%, по молочности – 5,1%. С увеличением возраста маток отмечен стабильный рост показателя «выход деловых телят» на 2,3%. Селекционный дифференциал за три поколения у коров в трёхлетнем возрасте по живой массе составил 23 кг и по молочности – 7,4 кг, коэффициент наследуемости составил 0,42 по живой массе и 0,36 – по молочности коров, эффект селекции по живой массе за поколение составил 9,7 кг, за год – 1,9 кг, по молочности – 2,7 кг и 0,5 кг соответственно. У генотипированных коров по схеме мать-дочь эффект селекции за поколение был выше у гетерозиготных генотипов дочерей, рождённых в Курганской области. Знание и рациональное использование традиционных и новых по ДНК маркерных методов селекции на производстве позволит выявить, а также реализовать генетический резерв животных и управлять селекционным процессом при совершенствовании племенного стада абердин-ангусской породы.
The results of research on detecting of commercial-biological features and selection-genetic parameters of cows’ features under selection of the Australian reproduction Aberdeen-Angus breed herd of are presented. According to the results of the research it was revealed that the genetic potential of productivity is maximally expressed at the age of 5 years (in mature cowbanes) and persists permanently until the age of nine. The growth of the main features under selection from two to five years amounted to 15.1% by live weight, 5.1% by milking capacity. With an increase in the age of the dams a stable increase in the "calf crop percent" by 2.3% was noted. The selection differential for three generations in cows at the age of three years in living weight was 23 kg and in milking capacity – 7.4 kg, the inheritance coefficient was 0.42 in living weight and 0.36 - in milking capacity of cows, the effect of selection by live weight per generation was 9.7 kg, for the year – 1.9 kg, in milking capacity – 2.7 kg and 0.5 kg, respectively. In genotyped cows according to the dam-daughter scheme genetic progress through selection per generation was higher in heterozygous genotypes of daughters born in the Kurgan region. Knowledge and rational use of traditional and new DNA marker methods of selection at the place of production will allow identifying, as well as unlocking the genetic reserve of animals and managing the selection process while improving the breeding herd of the Aberdeen-Angus breed.
Methods of Diagnosing of the Parts Status of the Cylinder-Piston Group of Automotive-Tractor Engines under Operating Conditions
Authors: Антропов Б.С. , Гумённый В.В. , Рудаков А.А. , Генералов В.А. 
Published: February 2021

Приведены методы диагностирования состояния деталей цилиндропоршневой группы (ЦПГ) двигателей для использования их непосредственно в эксплуатационных условиях автотракторной техники. Методы просты и достоверны, разработаны на основе учёта комплекса внешних проявлений неисправностей указанных деталей, с минимальным использованием диагностических приборов. Разработанные методы могут быть использованы владельцами технических средств, не имеющими производственной базы для проведения технического обслуживания и ремонта автотракторной техники. Применение разработанных методов диагностирования позволит сократить материальные и трудовые затраты при устранении неисправностей деталей ЦПГ двигателей.
Methods of diagnostics of parts status of cylinder-piston group (CPG) of engines for their use directly in operational conditions of motor-and-tractor equipment are presented. The methods are simple and reliable, developed on the basis of a complex of outward appearances of these component malfunctions with minimal use of diagnostic devices. The developed methods can be used by owners of technical equipment that do not have a production base for maintenance and repair of motor-and-tractor equipment. The use of the developed diagnostic methods will reduce material and labor costs when troubleshooting the parts of the CPG engines.
High alumina refractory concretes bonded with calcium aluminate phosphate binder
Authors: Nagorniy A. O. 
Published: February 2021

For many industries, further progress is possible provided that more efficient refractories of new types are created.
The refractory concretes bonded by calcium aluminate phosphate binders in comparison with conventional refractories continue to gain in popularity because of the following advantages: quick installation and low construction costs; reduced and simplified furnace maintenance; good thermal-shock resistance; monolithic (no joints); linings of the units done need not be cured to develop initial strength. The longevity of refractory is essentially increasing provided structure is forming under conditions of the service site. That is why developing of new refractory materials must be carried out by means of its structure design. These principles have been realizing in the refractory concretes technology under the limited conditions of refractory lining installation and industrial unit final heat up.
The present paper identifies the phosphate phases responsible for developing mechanical-strength properties of high alumina concretes bonded with calcium aluminate phosphate binders. It sets out the colloid and crystalline phases resulted from interphase interaction that provides the basis for calcium aluminate phosphate binders (suspensions) useful to the refractory industry. The concretes obtained retain their volume integrity after 30 cycles of heating and cooling; can be used for refractory applications > 1700 °С; exhibit sufficient strength of lining 40 MPa.