bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
27-Hydroxycholesterol Promotes Oligodendrocyte Maturation – Implications for Hypercholesterolemia Associated Brain White Matter Changes
Authors: Alanko Vilma , Quintela-López Tania , Gaminde-Blasco Adhara , Loera-Valencia Raúl , Solomon Alina , Björkhem Ingemar , Cedazo-Minguez Angel , Maioli Silvia , Tabacaru Graziella , Latorre-Leal María , Matute Carlos , Kivipelto Miia , Alberdi Elena , Matton Anna 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Midlife hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for dementia, possibly via vascular-related pathways. Another proposed factor linking elevated systemic cholesterol levels and neurodegenerative diseases is the oxidized cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OH) that is able to pass the blood-brain barrier. High levels of 27-OH harm neuronal integrity and function, yet the effect of high 27-OH levels on oligodendrocyte function remains unexplored. Since abnormal myelin structure results in the disconnection of neural networks that is an early phenomenon in neurodegenerative diseases, this study aimed to determine whether 27-OH affects myelination in the brain. Methods: Effects of 27-OH treatment were investigated both in isolated and co-cultured oligodendrocytes. Transgenic female mice with increased systemic 27-OH levels (Cyp27Tg) underwent behavioural testing and their brains were immunohistochemically stained and lysed for immunoblotting. CSF samples from a memory clinic cohort were analysed for associations between 27-OH and myelin proteins. Results: Whereas human oligodendroglioma cells were resistant to high levels of 27-OH (10 µM), cell death was induced in primary rat oligodendrocytes already at low concentrations (0.5 µM). Long-term effects from treatment with 1 µM 27-OH stimulated differentiation of oligodendrocytes in murine 3D co-cultures. Female Cyp27Tg mice demonstrated learning deficits in the Morris Water Maze compared to non-transgenic littermates. Levels of myelin basic protein were increased in the corpus callosum of Cyp27Tg mice but adenomatous polyposis coli clone 1 (CC1) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFR1α) were unaltered, while levels of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein were decreased in myelin enriched fractions. Levels of 27-OH in the CSF of memory clinic patients were associated with increased levels of the oligodendrogenesis regulating enzyme 2',3'-Cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase; β = 0.38, p = 0.022). Conclusions: The hypercholesterolemia associated 27-OH alters the rate of differentiation from progenitor cells into mature oligodendrocytes and influences oligodendrocyte viability suggesting that 27-OH reduces the oligodendrocytic ability for appropriate remodelling in the ageing brain by reducing the pool of progenitor cells.
Patient Experience with Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM): Content Validity of the Satisfaction and Experience Questionnaire (SEQ)-MM
Authors: Skalicky Anne , Yucel Emre , Eseyin Olabimpe Ruth , Yucel Aylin , Panjabi Sumeet 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) generally progress to being relapse/refractory (RR), having received several lines of treatment with various dosing frequencies and administration modalities, which impact patient satisfaction and experience. While there is still no cure, patients live longer but with potential burden attributable to treatment. A fit-for-purpose patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) assessing patient satisfaction and experience is missing for RRMM.Methods: We developed the Satisfaction and Experience Questionnaire (SEQ) for MM to measure patient satisfaction and experience, based on concepts identified from a literature review and nurse/patient perceptions about patient experiences. Online focus groups were conducted with oncology nurses who treat patients with MM to provide expert opinion, followed by concept elicitation and cognitive patient interviews. A preliminary SEQ-MM measure was first drafted based on desk research. Patient feedback from the cognitive interviews resulted in revisions to the preliminary SEQ-MM’s instructions, item wording, and response options between rounds. Content analysis was conducted to assess concept frequency mentioned during the concept elicitation focus group, and an item tracking table documented the SEQ-MM revisions based on cognitive interviews.Results: Three oncology nurses and 10 patients with RRMM participated in the focus groups. Oncology nurses reported treating 17 patients with MM per week, of which 33% were patients with RRMM. Study patients were primarily male (70%), with mean age of 56 (median range: 47 to 71). The most commonly reported satisfaction and experience concepts were related to: satisfaction with treatment (50%), experience with treatment (50%), relationship with healthcare practitioners (50%), time burden (50%), side effects (40%), and avoiding relapse (40%). The SEQ-MM was revised to include 15 items capturing: treatment burden (five items), time burden (five items), travel burden (two items), treatment compliance (one item), general satisfaction (one item), and an overall satisfaction item (one item).Conclusions: The SEQ-MM v1.0 evaluates the important facets of satisfaction and experience in patients with RRMM receiving treatment. This tool can be used to assess facets of treatment in MM that might complement health-related quality of life data Additional work is needed to examine item performance, scoring, and psychometric properties.
Rheological and Thermal Properties of Levan From Bacillus Mojavensis
Authors: HADDAR Anissa , BOUALLEGUE Amir , METHNENI Rim , ELLOUZ-CHAABOUNI Semia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Media composition and culture conditions for levan production by Bacillus mojavensis were optimized using Plackett–Burman and Box-Behnken designs. The decomposition of levan revealed an optimal temperature of 228°C, an endothermic peak at 216.58°C and a melting enthalpy of 49.28 J/g. The rheological parameters of the aqueous solutions from BM-levan were determined according to temperature and concentration. The solutions were Newtonian at low concentrations and shear thinning occurred at higher concentrations. Moreover, higher temperature increased pseudoplastic behavior. BM-levan dispersions at 8% and 10% w/v accentuated the gel-like behavior and the viscosity of the levan dispersion; while the visual aspect turned similar to milk. Results showed that BM-levan exhibited no hemolytic activity towards human erythrocytes. These results plead in favor of the suitability of BM-levan as an additive for the processing of several functional foods.
Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM Version II): A Psychometric Properties Analysis
Authors: Shahrbabaki Mahin Eslami , Ahmadipour Habibeh , Yousefi Narjes , Divsalar Parisa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Methadone or buprenorphine maintenance therapy is an effective treatment for opioid dependence. Since the satisfaction of Patients who use Methadone Maintenance therapy (MMT) services plays an important role in their therapeutic success, it seems important to evaluate the satisfaction of methadone usage with multidimensional psychometric tools. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Treatment satisfaction questionnaire for medication (TSQM) version II. Methods: A cross‑sectional study carried on 288 opioid dependent patients of Shahid Beheshti MMT clinic in Kerman. Data was collected using a questionnaire containing the demographic characteristics of the participants and the Persian version of the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication version II (TSQM). TSQM has 11 questions in four subscales including effectiveness, side effects, convenience of use and overall satisfaction. The sum of the scores of each subscale is displayed as a number from zero to 100. Face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods were used to evaluate the construct validity. Internal consistency of TSQM Version II was determined by Cronbach's alpha and its repeatability using test-retest method. Data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0 and linear structural relations (LISREL) software version 8.80.Results: The mean age of 46.24± 11.5 years and the majority of them (85.4%) were male. Internal consistency of the Persian version of TSQM Version II was determined by the Cronbach’s alpha 0.80. Its repeatability using test-retest method was calculated as 0.9.Exploratory factor analysis revealed the adequacy of sampling and justifiability of the analysis (KMO= 0.82, P = 0.001, χ2 = 1507.02, df = 28) In CFA, the Goodness of Fit Statistics were in an appropriate level. Conclusion: The Persian version of TSQM Version II had appropriate psychometric properties and can be used as a valid, and reliable tool to assess the treatment satisfaction in the clinical settings.
Combined Detection of Lymphocyte Clonality and MALT1 Translocations in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Diagnosing Pulmonary Lymphomas: A Multicenter Study of a Rare Disease Group
Authors: Kido Takashi , Ishimoto Hiroshi , Ishii Hiroshi , Hara Kanako , Kawabata Hiroki , Kawanami Toshinori , Suzuki Yu , Yoshikawa Hiroki , Hara Atsuko , Sakamoto Noriho , Matsumoto Nobuhiro , Yoshii Chiharu , Fujita Masaki , Nakazato Masamitsu , Kadota Junichi , Mukae Hiroshi , Yatera Kazuhiro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

The diagnosis of pulmonary lymphoma using small tissue samples is difficult and often requires surgical procedures; thus, a less invasive sampling method is desirable. We previously showed that pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma could be diagnosed by detecting MALT lymphoma translocation gene 1 (MALT1) translocations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells. Analysis of B-cell clonality based on immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene rearrangements was also reportedly useful for diagnosing pulmonary lymphoma. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to evaluate the yet unknown diagnostic potential of combined detection of MALT1 translocations and clonality using BALF.
Methods

We analyzed B- and T-cell clonality based on IGH and T-cell receptor (TCR) rearrangements together with MALT1 translocations using BALF of patients with clinically suspected pulmonary lymphomas.
Results

In total, 39 patients were evaluated and categorized into three groups: B-cell lymphoma, lymphoproliferative disorders, and other diseases. Detection of IGH rearrangements showed sensitivity and specificity of 88.9% and 90.0%, respectively, for B-cell lymphoma diagnosis. TCR rearrangements were not observed in patients with B-cell lymphomas. The presence of IGH rearrangements together with the absence of TCR rearrangements showed 96.0% specificity for the diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma. The sensitivity and specificity of MALT1 translocations for diagnosing MALT lymphoma were 28.6% and 100%, respectively.
Conclusion

The combined detection of lymphocyte clonality and MALT1 translocations using BALF is suitable for screening and diagnosis of B-cell lymphomas. Analysis of specific genes such as MALT1 should improve the precision of B-cell lymphoma diagnosis.
Regional Economic Structure and Heterogeneous Effects of Monetary Policy: Evidence From Indonesian Provinces
Authors: Aginta Harry , Someya Masakazu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the reasons for heterogeneous monetary policy effects on inflation rate across 34 Indonesian provinces. We evaluate monetary transmission by combining monetary SVAR model with factor analysis (Bernanke et al., 2005). In the first part of analysis, we demonstrate the cross-sectional variation in regional inflation responses to monetary policy shock. Spatially, most provinces in the Java-Bali region have similar responses to the national response. Moreover, provinces with a higher share of manufacturing industries in Java and Sumatra island have a response that higher than average. In the second part, we examine the role of regional economic structure in affecting two constructed measurements of monetary policy effects on regional inflation, namely total impacts and efficiency. Consistent with the literature, we find that the impacts of monetary policy across regions are significantly influenced by the economic structure of regions, represented by four variables (manufacturing and mining share to GDP, bank lending to GDP ratio, and export to GDP ratio). In addition, we also find the significant role of manufacturing growth and spatial inflation externality in shaping monetary policy impacts on regional inflation. In a similar fashion, six regional structural variables are found statistically significant in explaining regional differences of monetary policy efficiency. Our findings imply the well-functioning of interest rate, bank lending and exchange rate channels of monetary policy on regional inflation in Indonesia.
Investigation on the Mechanical Properties and Shape Memory Effect of Landing Buffer Structure Based on NiTi Alloy Printing
Authors: Yu Zhenglei , Xin Renlong , Xu Zezhou , Zhu Yining , Zhang Xiaolong , Hao Shijie , zhang zhihui , Liang Ping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the deepening of human research on deep space exploration, our research on the soft landing methods of landers has gradually deepened. Adding a buffer and energy-absorbing structure to the leg structure of the lander has become an effective design solution. Based on the energy-absorbing structure of the leg of the interstellar lander, this paper studies the appearance characteristics of the foot-grabbing of the Odontodactylus scyllarus. The foot-grabbing of the Odontodactylus scyllarus can not only hit the prey highly when preying, but also can easily withstand the huge counter-impact force. the predatory foot structure of the Odontodactylus scyllarus, like a symmetrical cone, shows excellent rigidity and energy absorption capacity. Inspired by this discovery, we used SLM technology to design and manufacture two nickel-titanium samples, which respectively showed high elasticity, shape memory, and better energy absorption capacity. This research provides an effective way to design and manufacture high-mechanical energy-absorbing buffer structures using bionic 3D printing technology and nickel-titanium alloys.
Postmastectomy Radiotherapy Improves Survival Benefits in De Novo Stage IV Breast Cancer: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Liang Ning , Huang Xinyi , Tian Tiantian , Hu Pingping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The role of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the value of PMRT for metastatic breast cancer who underwent a modified radical mastectomy. Methods: Data on de novo stage IV breast cancer patients who received modified radical mastectomy between 2010 and 2015 were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to balance baseline clinical characteristics. The prognostic roles of PMRT on cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: A total of 1944 patients were enrolled before PMS. After PMS, 1458 patients were included. PMRT improved prognosis in both CSS and OS. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that PMRT was independently prognostic for CSS (HR 0.739, 95% CI. 0.619-0.884, P=0.001) and OS (HR 0.744, 95%CI 0.628-0.8810, P=0.001). Further subgroup analyses found that survival superiority was observed in T3-4 or N+ subgroup (both P< 0.001 for CSS and OS), and Her2-/HR+ breast subtype (HR 0.703, 95%CI 0.558-0.888 for CSS, and HR 0.712, 95%CI 0.573-0.885 for OS), especially in patients with bone metastasis but without brain metastasis. Conclusion: PMRT improved survival in de novo stage IV breast cancer patients in selected T3-4 or N+ subgroup and Her2-/HR+ breast subtype. However, these findings need to be validated by further study before being incorporated into clinical practice.
Multiple Primary Cancer and Survival after Lumpectomy with or without Radiotherapy for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: A Propensity Score Matching Case-Control Study
Authors: Li Yitong , Ouyang Dengjie , Chen Qitong , Hong Tao , Yi Wenjun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy combined with breast-conserving surgery is widely performed in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This research was conducted to evaluate the use of radiotherapy to reduce the risk of MPC and mortality in DCIS patients.Methods: 128,416 patients first diagnosed with DCIS between 1998 and 2015 who received lumpectomy in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 database were included. Information on age, race, year of diagnosis, laterality, pathologic grade, surgery, radiation, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, tumor size and vital status was extracted. A comparison of lumpectomy alone vs. lumpectomy plus radiotherapy was performed using 1:1 propensity score-based matching.Results: Of the 128,416 patients with DCIS, 39,039 patients were treated with lumpectomy alone, and 69,377 were treated with lumpectomy and radiotherapy. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for death was 0.801 (95%CI: 0.7728-0.8301) and 0.7444 (95%CI: 0.7139-0.7761) for occurrence of MPC in the lumpectomy and radiotherapy vs. lumpectomy alone groups, respectively. Radiotherapy decreased the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of MPC from 1.36 to 1.34. The incidence rate of a second breast cancer was reduced by 1.83% with radiotherapy (from 5.93% (2,177/36,688) to 4.10% (1,504/36,688)) in the matched cohort. Conclusion: Lumpectomy plus radiotherapy is associated with a significant reduction in mortality and risk of MPC, mainly second primary BC. Of those patients younger than 40 years, Black women with high-grade tumors were likely to benefit most. Radiotherapy reduced the risk of occurrence rather than the mortality of MPC patients to reduce the overall mortality.
Calycosin(CA) Inhibits Proliferation, Migration and Invasion by Suppression of CXCL10 Signaling Pathway in Glioma
Authors: wang zhaotao , chen danmin , Li yongping , Zou renheng , Ji yunxiang , Wang Yezhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma is a frequently encountered central nervous system malignancy. Calycosin, a bioactive compound extracted from dried Radix astragali root has exhibited anticancer activity across several different types of cancers, including glioma, but the therapeutic mode of action has yet to be clarified. One ubiquitous inflammatory chemokine implicated in cancer biology is the C-X-C chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10). The current study seeks to investigate CXCL10 as a likely calycosin target in aiding its inhibitory effects on glioblastoma progression.Method: The clinical significance of CXCL10 including pathologic grade and survival rate in GBM patients were accessed from TCGA database and our clinical samples. CCK-8 experiments and clone formation assay were performed to detect the cell proliferation. Transwell assay was conducted to examined cell migration and invasion. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze protein expression levels. Xenograft mouse model was used to evaluate the effect of CA in vivo. Results: Firstly, we demonstrated that CXCL10 expression is positively associated with glioma and correlated negatively to patient prognosis, supporting our hypothesis that CXCL10 was a potential target for GBM treatment. Additionally, U251 and U87 glioma cell lines were found to demonstrate inhibited invasive, migratory and proliferative abilities upon exposure to calycosin. Calycosin was then found to downregulate CXCL10 expression in a manner that increased with increasing doses, resulting in reduced downstream inflammatory cytokines including NLRP3, NF-κB, IL-1β. Moreover, we demonstrated that overexpressing CXCL10 abolished the inhibitory impact of calycosin on cellular invasion, migration and proliferation in glioma cell lines. Meanwhile, CXCL10 knockdown enhanced calycosin effects on GBM cells. We also used in vivo xenograft mice models to determine the impact of calycosin on glioma growth and obtained results similar to our in vitro experiments.Conclusions: The current investigation underscores the role of CXCL10 as a promising therapeutic target for treating GBM, with calycosin functioning as a future treatment modality.
High-speed Visible Light Communication Systems Based on Si-substrate LEDs with Multiple Superlattice Interlayers
Authors: Hu Fangchen , Chen Shouqing , Zhang Yuyi , Li Guoqiang , Zou Peng , Zhang Junwen , Shen Chao , Zhang Xiaolei , Hu Jian , Zhang jianli , Jiang Fengyi , Chi Nan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
High-speed visible light communication (VLC), as a cutting-edge supplementary solution in 6G to traditional radio-frequency communication, is expected to address the tension between continuously increased demand of capacity and currently limited supply of radio-frequency spectrum resource. The main driver behind the high-speed VLC is the presence of light emitting diode (LED) which not only offers energy-efficient lighting, but also provides a cost-efficient alternative to the VLC transmitter with superior modulation potential. Particularly, the InGaN/GaN LED grown on Si substrate is a promising VLC transmitter to simultaneously realize effective communication and illumination by virtue of beyond 10-Gbps communication capacity and Watt-level output optical power. In previous parameter optimization of Si-substrate LED, the superlattice interlayer (SL), especially its period number, is reported to be the key factor to determinate the output optical power by influencing the wall-plug efficiency. However, few efforts were made to investigate the influence of SLs on VLC performance. Therefore, we for the first time investigated the impact of the SL period number on VLC system through experiments and theoretical derivation. The result shows more SL period number is related to higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) via improving the wall-plug efficiency. Further, by using Levin-Campello bit and power loading technology, we achieved a record-breaking data rate of 3.37 Gbps over 1.2-m free-space VLC link under given optimal SL period number, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest data rate for a Si-substrate LED-based VLC system.