bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individualism without full individualization? The compressed life trajectories of the Tibetan graduates of an English training program
Authors: Yi Lin , Gadou Zhuoma 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDrawing upon fieldwork data collected among a group of Tibetan graduates who attended an internationally linked English training program that dramatically and fundamentally altered their life trajectories, this study argues that these Tibetans acquired individualism prior to individualization practice. Their pathway is in contrast with the tendency found among Korean women “toward individualization without individualism, a region‐wide phenomenon in East Asia’. Different scenarios exactly reveal complicatedness and complexity in compressed modernity of East Asia. However, the study also finds that their exercise of individualization did not turn them into an ontological or radical—that is, egoistic—individualist on account of multiple factors. Toward the end of the article, we also recommend replacing the controversial concept of individualization (individualism) with the notion of individuation—a project of the individual that may be geared toward collective action and shared ideals—to avoid conceptual ambiguity in the future. This individuation project is more likely to contribute to both the integrity and identity of the individual in her search for a legitimate status and a settled life in the wider society, as well as a prosperous society in the future.
Reading Lewis Cage: The Young Cricketer (1768), by Frances Cotes RA: Cricket, Art and the Rise of Nationalism in England after the Seven Years War
Authors: Cragoe Matthew 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecent scholarship has shown how the burst of cultural self‐confidence that followed the Seven Years War fuelled British desire for a national school of art and the foundation of the Royal Academy in 1768. This article re‐reads a portrait exhibited at the academy’s inaugural exhibition by leading London artist Francis Cotes. It argues that the portrait of young Lewis Cage was more than a simple portrait of a favourite son; rather, it was both an essay on the contours of contemporary British identity and a worked example of the potential of portraiture to rival the prestige of continental history painting.
Does organic certification make economic sense for dairy farmers in Europe?–A latent class counterfactual analysis
Authors: Grovermann Christian , Quiédeville Sylvain , Muller Adrian , Leiber Florian , Stolze Matthias , Moakes Simon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCertification in agriculture ensures compliance with tangible standards and should generate economic opportunities for farmers. This study quantifies the variable profit and efficiency impacts of organic certification in dairy farming across Europe, using farm‐level FADN data from 25 countries while accounting for heterogeneity through a class splitting model. Four distinct classes with dairy farm enterprises operating under similar production conditions were identified in order to assess gross margin and efficiency differences among certified and non‐certified farms. Depending on the nature of the selection bias, treatment effects were estimated either through an endogenous treatment model or through entropy balancing. The results suggest that organic certification increases gross margins for dairy farm enterprises in Europe, while slightly increasing technical efficiency in two out of four classes. These significant effects of certification on efficiency were estimated at 2% and 7%, respectively. As regards variable profit, effects range from to 66 Euros per cow to 234 euros per cow. In relative terms, this implies gains between 38% and 50% for farms classified into more cool or temperate zones and a gain of up to 182% for the farms assigned to the class that designates warmer climatic conditions.
Effect of Bacillus subtilis C‐3102 supplementation in milk replacer on growth and rumen microbiota in preweaned calves
Authors: Koike Satoshi , Ueno Machiho , Ashida Nobuhisa , Imabayashi Tomokazu , Kobayashi Yasuo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe aimed to assess the effect of feeding Bacillus subtilis C‐3102 on the growth and rumen microbiota in the preweaned calves. Twelve newborn Japanese Black calves were randomly allocated to either the control (n = 6) or the treatment (n = 6) groups in the present study. Calves in the treatment group were offered B. subtilis C‐3102 supplemented milk replacer throughout the preweaning period. Rumen fermentation during the first 21 days of life seemed to be slightly suppressed by feeding B. subtilis C‐3102. This fermentation shift was probably attributed to the lower abundance of the core members of rumen microbiota until 21 days of age in the calves fed B. subtilis C‐3102. However, feeding B. subtilis C‐3102 did not influence the abundance of the core members of rumen microbiota at 90 days of age. Distribution of Sharpea spp. and Megasphaera spp., which potentially contribute to low methane production and are regarded as beneficial rumen bacteria, was higher in the rumen of calves fed B. subtilis C‐3102 at 90 days of age. These results suggest that B. subtilis C‐3102 supplementation in milk replacer could potentially contribute to the improvement of feed efficiency after weaning via the establishment of beneficial rumen bacteria.
Optimising alkalinisation and its effect on QRS narrowing in tricyclic antidepressant poisoning
Authors: Pai Kieran , Buckley Nicholas A. , Isoardi Katherine Z. , Isbister Geoffrey K. , Becker Therese , Chiew Angela L. , Cairns Rose , Brown Jared A. , Chan Betty S. 
Published: July 2021

AimsThe objectives were to determine the effect of NaHCO3 and/or mechanical ventilation on the biochemical profile and serum alkalinisation in tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) poisoning and investigate the impact of effective alkalinisation therapy on the QRS interval in TCA poisoning.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of TCA poisonings from three Australian toxicology units and a poisons information centre (Jan 2013 to Jan 2019). We included patients with TCA toxicity who ingested>10 mg/kg or had clinically significant toxicities consistent with TCA poisoning, and analysed patients' clinical, electrocardiogram and biochemical data.ResultsOf 210 patients, 84 received NaHCO3 and ventilation (dual therapy), 12 NaHCO3, 46 ventilation and 68 supportive care treatment. When compared with single/supportive groups, patients who received dual therapy had taken a significantly higher median dose of TCA (1.5 g vs1.3 g, P < .001), a longer median maximum QRS interval (124 ms, interquartile ranges [IQR] 108‐138 vs106 ms, IQR 98‐115, P < .001) and were more likely to have seizures (14% vs3%, P = .006) and arrhythmias (17% vs1%, P < .001). The dual therapy group demonstrated greater increases in serum pH (median 0.11, IQR 0.04‐0.17) compared to the single/supportive therapy group (median 0.03, IQR −0.01‐0.09, p < .001). A greater proportion of patients reached the target pH 7.45‐7.55 in the dual therapy group (59%) compared to the single/supportive therapy group (10%) (P < .001). For each 100 mmol bolus of NaHCO3 given, the median increase in serum sodium was 2.5 mmol/L (IQR 1.5‐4.0). QRS narrowing occurred twice as quickly in the dual therapy vs single/supportive therapy group.ConclusionsA combination of NaHCO3 and mechanical ventilation was most effective in achieving serum alkalinisation and was associated with a more rapid narrowing of the QRS interval. We advise that the maximal dose of NaHCO3 should be <400 mmol (6 mmol/kg).
Impeding corporate social responsibility: Revisiting the role of government in shaping business — Marginalized local community relations
Authors: Delannon Nolywé , Raufflet Emmanuel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper is based on a case study of the European space industry as it is organized in the postcolonial setting of French Guiana. It brings the state back into political corporate social responsibility (CSR) by showing how government shapes interactions between business and local communities, more specifically around CSR issues. The paper opens new research avenues in political CSR by making two significant contributions. First, it identifies postcolonial contexts as instances in which government, rather than stepping back, gets actively involved to impede the emergence of CSR. This demonstration is made by building on a conceptualization of the marginalized local community as comprising citizens—rather than mere stakeholders—who expect their government to defend their rights vis‐à‐vis business. Second, by using a longitudinal approach that provides access to dynamics of interactions over time, the paper develops a typology of mechanisms that support a government’s changing role in CSR. Over a 50‐year period, such government is shown to have played the roles of impeding the emergence of CSR, partnering for CSR, symbolically mandating CSR, and finally, disengaging from CSR.
Anti‐aquaporin‐4 positive‐to‐negative seroconversion in Latin American patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder treated with rituximab
Authors: Zabala‐Ángeles Indhira , García‐Estrada Christian , Gómez‐Figueroa Enrique , Rodriguez‐Rivas Roberto , Higuera‐Gonzalez Edgar , Casallas‐Vanegas Adriana , Aguirre‐Cruz Lucinda , Corona‐Vázquez Teresa , Flores‐Rivera José , Rivas‐Alonso Verónica 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveRituximab (RTX) is a monoclonal antibody directed against CD20 epitope expressed on B cells used widely in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOsd). There are few studies evaluating anti‐aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) positive‐to‐negative seroconversion. In this series, we evaluated this phenomenon in a Latin American population.MethodsA retrospective, longitudinal and analytic study was carried out in 19 AQP4 immunoglobulin G (IgG)+ NMOsd patients. We monitored all patients with a yearly test for AQP4‐IgG serum autoantibodies. Potential relationships between negative seroconversion and annualized relapse rate, Expanded Disability Status Scale score, immunosuppressive or immunoregulatory treatment were assessed.ResultsWe included 19 patients, 17 (89.5%) were women. The mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score and annualized relapse rate at clinical onset was 3.8 (±1.97) and 0.81 (±0.577), respectively. Disease‐modifying treatment included RTX, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine and methotrexate. We documented positive‐to‐negative seroconversion in six of the patients in the RTX group (P = 0.047). No significant changes were observed in the annualized relapse rate (2.11 vs 1.88, P = 0.06) or Expanded Disability Status Scale scores (4.41 vs 3.1, P = 0.25) between the group of seroconverted patients from those who remained positive.ConclusionsTreatment with RTX in patients with seropositive AQP4‐IgG NMOsd can lead to negative conversion, but our findings do not support a clinical reflection from this change. The role of monitoring for AQP4‐IgG is yet to be defined in the Mexican NMOsd population.
Fish assemblage structure in a Neotropical urbanised prairie stream exposed to multiple natural and anthropic factors
Authors: Bertora Andrea , Grosman Fabián , Sanzano Pablo , Rosso Juan J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA myriad of factors affect stream fish assemblages, and most of them are intimately regulated by surrounding land uses. One of the most pernicious impacts on streams is the release of urban effluents. Accordingly, understanding the fish assemblage patterns as well as the environmental drivers that modulate them in the context of urban streams which also are exposed to other land uses is mandatory. We evaluated the longitudinal patterns of fish assemblages in an urbanised Neotropical prairie stream exposed to downstream patches of different surrounding land uses. Several variables of water quality, in‐stream habitat and riparian corridors were measured, and their relationships with fish metrics were explored. A fish metric selection protocol was implemented, and several multivariate analyses were used. Three main patterns of fish response were observed. Assemblage‐level attributes as diversity, richness, biomass, number of families and trophic guilds and proportion of Characiformes and intolerant species were responsive to the natural gradient in habitat (pools) and riparian (riparian width) conditions expected in non‐impacted lotic ecosystems. Conversely, a downstream continuum of recovery in water quality (dissolved oxygen, conductivity, NO3:NH4 and bacteriological loads) and habitat structure (sediment depth) would influence the distribution of fish species regarding their environmental tolerance and habitat preferences. Finally, local habitat aspects (nitrites, submerged macrophytes, bare soil cover and bank incisions by livestock) seemed relevant for the trophic structure (omnivorous species) of fish assemblages. A complex natural and anthropic longitudinal scenario together with local disruptions imposed by surrounding land uses were directive for fish.
Not in education, employment and training status in the early stages of bipolar I disorder with psychotic features
Authors: Cotton Sue M. , Filia Kate M. , Lambert Martin , Berk Michael , Ratheesh Aswin , Schimmelmann Benno G. , Macneil Craig , Hasty Melissa , McGorry Patrick D. , Conus Philippe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThere is a lack of existing research regarding young people with bipolar I disorder (BD‐I) and psychotic features, who are not in education, employment, and training (NEET). Thus, the aims of the study were to: (a) establish rates of NEET at service entry to a specialist early intervention service; (b) delineate premorbid and current variables associated with NEET status at service entry and (c) examine correlates of NEET status at discharge.MethodMedical file audit methodology was utilized to collect information on 118 patients with first episode psychotic mania treated at the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC), Melbourne, Australia. NEET status was determined using the modified vocation status index (MVCI). Bivariate and multivariable logistic variables were used to examine relationships between premorbid, service entry and treatment variables, and NEET status at service entry and discharge.ResultsThe NEET rate was 33.9% at service entry, and 39.2% at discharge. Variables associated with NEET status at service entry were premorbid functioning and polysubstance use. NEET status at service entry was the only significant correlate of NEET status at discharge. When service entry NEET was taken out of the model, substance use during treatment was predictive of NEET status at discharge.ConclusionsNEET status at service entry was related to a history of premorbid decline, and risk factors such as substance use and forensic issues. NEET status can decline during treatment, and utility of vocational intervention programs specifically for BD, in addition to specialist early intervention, needs to be examined.
“The Soul of an Assembly”
Authors: Hammes Verena 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn 2022, the 11th Assembly of the World Council of Churches (WCC) will take place in Karlsruhe, Germany, under the theme “Christ’s love moves the world to reconciliation and unity.” Assembly themes are not simply random slogans, chosen by chance and therefore without significance. They serve as a guideline for the assemblies and as a word spoken to the delegates and to the wider world as an orientation for debate, decisions, and, not least, prayer. Themes are nothing less than the soul of the assembly, carefully chosen and discussed ahead of an assembly, reflected on by delegates, and bringing Christians around the world into closer contact with the message of the assembly and with God by listening to the words of the gospel. This article seeks to place the theme of the Karlsruhe assembly in the context of previous assembly themes, identifying continuities and highlighting differences.
Neoplasia within the equine foot: A retrospective case series of four horses
Authors: Osborne C. , Elce Y. A. , Meehan L. , Davern A. J. , Lescun T. B. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryBackgroundTrauma to the foot and distal phalanx are common presenting complaints. In contrast, neoplasia of the distal phalanx or hoof region is rarely reported. Within the foot, keratomas are the most frequently reported neoplasm. The gross and radiographic appearance of keratomas is well documented; however, this is less well established for other neoplasms of the hoof capsule.ObjectiveThis paper presents four cases which had clinical and radiographic similarities to keratomas; however, key differences were observed. We aimed to highlight the key differences in imaging findings and clinical progression.Study designRetrospective multicentre case series.MethodsCases identified between 2015 and 2019 with pathological diagnoses of neoplasia within the foot at Purdue University Veterinary teaching hospital and Langford Equine Hospital. Clinical records were examined, and physical examination, imaging, surgical and pathological findings are presented.ResultsThe four cases presented had similarities to keratomas; however, key differences were present. Marked lameness was noted in all three cases with aggressive neoplasia, whereas one case was not lame at presentation but still had a diagnosis of a benign neoplasm. Radiographic examination showed significant lucent areas with poor delineation at the margins and suspected invasion into the distal phalanx. For the two melanomas and the squamous cell carcinoma, deterioration was marked and rapid, ultimately leading to euthanasia. The benign neoplasm was managed successfully for 2 years and lost to follow‐up.ConclusionsAlthough rare, neoplasms other than keratoma do occur in the foot. Careful interpretation of the imaging findings, consideration of additional imaging such as vascular studies or cross‐sectional imaging, and submission of tissue for biopsy are strongly recommended if there is any suspicion of the lesion being anything other than a keratoma.
Inflammatory bowel diseases in horses: What do we know?
Authors: Vitale V. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryChronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders described in both humans and animals, but unlike in other species, in horses they are poorly defined and there is a lack of standardisation of the method of diagnosis. Although there is an impellent need of consensus on the nomenclature, diagnostic work‐up, diet, treatment and management of horses with a suspected IBD, the aim of this review is to give initial guidelines for practitioners dealing with suspected cases. It provides a summary of the most relevant literature on the topic and presents the current knowledge on the clinical signs, diagnostic work‐up, treatment and prognosis of IBDs in horses.
Paradox of research productivity of higher education institutions in Arab Gulf countries: The case of the UAE
Authors: Karabchuk Tatiana , Shomotova Aizhan , Chmel Kirill 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the paradox of research productivity of higher‐education institutions in the Arab Gulf Countries. Exploring the case of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) the article fills the gap in the literature on the Gulf higher education research efficiency. Despite the considerable investment into higher education, UAE universities showed rather slow growth in research output. This puzzle was tackled to present possible policy outcomes relevant for research productivity in higher education institutions located in the emerging economies. The study highlights the research productivity indicators dynamics for GCC countries and brings detailed analysis on the research output and input for the UAE universities. We argue that to succeed in academic efficiency the county needs to increase its research investments and diversify research‐boosting policies and practices. The policies should focus on work‐attractive long‐term conditions for the faculty/researchers, home‐based doctoral education system and home‐trained human resources.
Insufficient physical activity and high sedentary behaviour are associated with loneliness in adolescents with overweight/obesity: Evidence from 23 low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Khan Asaduzzaman , Khan Shanchita , Burton Nicola 
Published: July 2021

SummaryBackground/ObjectivesOverweight and obesity among young people is a major concern with implications for social wellbeing. We aimed to evaluate the associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with loneliness among adolescents with overweight/obesity.MethodsData were used from the Global School‐based Student Health Surveys, collected from 23 low‐and‐middle‐income countries.ResultsOf the 12,133 participants aged 12–17 years with overweight/obesity (48.4% girls), 12% were lonely, with a wide variation across countries ranging from 4% in Laos to 32% in Afghanistan. Overall, 31% had high SB (≥3 hours/day) and 86% were not sufficiently active (<7 days/week of ≥ 60 mins/day). High SB and insufficient PA were positively associated with loneliness (aOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.08–1.38, aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.18–1.59, respectively).ConclusionsFuture research could examine the direction of these relationships and evaluate strategies to optimise these indicators of social wellbeing among adolescents with overweight/obesity.
Classification model for bid/no‐bid decision in construction projects
Authors: de Araújo Maria Creuza Borges , Alencar Luciana Hazin , de Miranda Mota Caroline Maria 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFor construction companies, the decision about whether to bid for a project is a strategic decision. This paper provides a model for assessing project attractiveness levels and deciding whether to submit a proposal. The model introduces a classification model that incorporates fuzzy preferential information to evaluate project attractiveness under multiple dimensions and enables the decision‐maker to make more effective decisions. Projects are assigned to ordinal categories of attractiveness based on an adapted fuzzy ELECTRE TRI‐C procedure. The main advantages of this model are that the attractiveness level can be used as an input for the bidding strategies, the attractiveness evaluation can support the contractor in prioritizing the projects to bid on, and the model captures the decision process's subjective assessments and situations of imprecision observed on early phases of the project life cycle.
Having less, giving less: The effects of unfavorable social comparisons of affluence on people’s willingness to act for the benefit of others
Authors: Gheorghiu Ana I. , Callan Mitchell J. , Skylark William J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrevious research has found a negative relationship between individual differences in personal relative deprivation (PRD; i.e., resentment stemming from the belief that one is worse off than similar others) and prosociality. Whether PRD causes reductions in people's willingness to act for the benefit of others, however, is yet to be established. Across six studies, we experimentally examined whether experiences of PRD via unfavorable (vs. favorable or lateral) social comparisons of affluence reduced prosociality toward known others and strangers. We found that making hypothetical (Study 1) or real (Study 2) unfavorable social comparisons of affluence in workplace contexts reduced participants’ organizational citizenship behavioral intentions. Furthermore, adverse social comparisons of affluence reduced generosity toward the targets of those comparisons during a Dictator Game (Studies 3 to 6). Across studies, we also measured participants’ subjective and objective socioeconomic status and found, contrary to previous theory and research, no consistent relationship between status and prosociality and no modulation of this relationship by either local or macro‐level inequality. These results suggest that local, specific interpersonal comparisons of affluence play a more dominant role in people's willingness to act for the benefit of a comparison target than do their subjective or objective class rank or the prevailing income inequality of the state in which they reside.