bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NeuralTPL: a deep learning approach for efficient reaction
space exploration
Authors: Wan Yue , Li Xin , Wang Xiaorui , Hsieh Chang-Yu , Liao Ben , Yao Xiaojun , Zhang Shengyu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Computer-aided synthesis planning (CASP) has been helping chemists to synthesize novel molecules at an accelerated pace. The recent integration of deep learning with CASP has opened up new avenues for digitizing and exploring the vastly unknown chemical space, and has led to high expectations for fully automated synthesis plannings using machine-discovered novel reactions in the "future". Despite many progresses in the past few years, most deep-learning methods only focus on improving few aspects of CASP (e.g., top-k accuracy). In this work, we target specifically the efficiency of reaction space exploration and its impact on CASP. We propose NeuralTPL, a template-oriented generative approach, that performs impressively across a range of evaluation metrics including chemical validity, diversity, and novelty for various tasks in CASP. In addition, our Transformer-based model bears the potential to learn the core reaction transformation as it can efficiently explore the reaction space. We then perform several experiments and conduct a thorough analysis regarding the three metrics and demonstrate its chemical value for improving the existing deep-learning-driven CASP algorithms.
Segmentation of Tomato Growing Truss a Depth Image Conversion Model Based on CycleGAN
Authors: Jung Dae-Hyun , Kim Cheoul Young , Lee Taek Sung , Park Soo Hyun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The truss on tomato plants is a group or cluster of smaller stems where flowers and fruit develop, while a growing truss is the most extended part of the stem. Because the state of the growing truss reacts sensitively to the surrounding environment, it is essential to control the growth in the early stages. With the recent development of IT and artificial intelligence technology in agriculture, a previous study developed a real-time acquisition and evaluation method for images using robots. Further, we used image processing to locate the growing truss and flowering rooms to extract growth information such as the height of the flower room and hard crab. Among the different vision algorithms, the CycleGAN algorithm was used to generate and transform unpaired images using generatively learning images. In this study, we developed a robot-based system for simultaneously acquiring RGB and depth images of the tomato growing truss and flower room groups.Results: The segmentation performance for approximately 35 samples was compared through the false negative (FN) and false positive (FP) indicators. For the depth camera image, we obtained FN as 17.55±3.01% and FP as 17.76±3.55%. Similarly, for CycleGAN, we obtained FN as approximately 19.24±1.45% and FP as 18.24±1.54%. As a result of image processing through depth image, IoU was 63.56 ± 8.44%, and when segmentation was performed through CycelGAN, IoU was 69.25 ± 4.42%, indicating that CycleGAN is advantageous in extracting the desired growing truss. Conclusions: The scannability was confirmed when the image scanning robot drove in a straight line through the plantation in the tomato greenhouse, which confirmed the on-site possibility of the image extraction technique using CycleGAN. In the future, the proposed approach is expected to be used in vision technology to scan the tomato growth indicators in greenhouses using an unmanned robot platform.
Cationic Amino Acid Transporter-1 (CAT-1) Promotes Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes Proliferation and Cytokine Secretion by Taking Up L-Arginine in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Lu Ying , Hao Chongbo , Yu Shanshan , Ma Zuan , Fu Xuelian , Qin Mingqing , Ding Menglei , Xu Zengguang , Fan Lieying 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Abnormal proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in the synovial lining layer is the primary cause of synovial hyperplasia and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Currently, the relationship between metabolic abnormalities and FLS proliferation is a new focus of investigation. However, little is known regarding the relationship between amino acid metabolism and RA. Methods: The concentrations of amino acids and cytokines in the synovial fluid of RA (n=9) and osteoarthritis (OA,n=9) were detected by LC-MS/MS and CBA assay, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression of CAT-1 were determined in FLSs isolated from RA and OA patients by real-time PCR and western blotting. MTT assay, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion and cytokine secretion were determined in FLSs knocked down of CAT-1 using siRNA or treated with D-arginine under normoxic and hypoxic culture conditions. A mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was applied to test the therapeutic potential of blocking the uptake of L-arginine in vivo.Results: L-arginine was upregulated in the synovial fluid of RA patients and was positively correlated with elevation of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Further examination demonstrated that cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT-1) was the primary transporter for L-arginine and was overexpressed on RA FLSs compared to OA FLSs. Moreover, knockdown of CAT-1 using siRNA or inhibition of L-arginine uptake using D-arginine significantly suppressed L-arginine metabolism, cell proliferation, migration and cytokine secretion in RA FLSs under normoxic and hypoxic culture conditions in vitro but increased cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, in vivo assays revealed that an L-arginine-free diet or blocking the uptake of L-arginine using D-arginine suppressed arthritis progression in CIA mice. Conclusion: CAT-1 is upregulated and promotes FLS proliferation by taking up L-arginine, thereby promoting RA progression.
Rapid meniscus-guided printing of stable semi-solid-state liquid metal microgranular-particle for soft electronics
Authors: Lee Gun-Hee , Lee Ye RIm , Kim Hanul , Kwon Do A , Kim Hyeonji , Choi Siyoung , Jeong Jae-Woong , Park Steve 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Liquid metal (LM) is being regarded as the most feasible material for soft electronics owing to its distinct combination of high conductivity comparable to that of metals and exceptional deformability derived from its liquid state. However, the applicability of LM is still limited due to the difficulty of achieving its mechanical stability and intrinsic conductivity. Furthermore, reliable and rapid patterning of stable LM directly on various soft substrates at high-resolution remains a formidable challenge. In this work, meniscus-guided printing of ink containing polyelectrolyte-attached LM microgranular-particle (PaLMP) in an aqueous solvent to generate semi-solid-state LM is presented. PaLMP printed in the evaporative regime is mechanically stable, intrinsically conductive, and patternable down to 50 µm on various substrates. Demonstrations of the ultrastretchable (~500% strain) electrical circuit, customized e-skin, and zero-waste ECG sensor validate the simplicity, versatility, and reliability of this manufacturing strategy, enabling broad utility in the development of advanced soft electronics.
Nicotine Activating α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors to Suppress Neuroinflammation via JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Ischemic Rats and Inflammatory Cells
Authors: Wang Qi , Gou Jinyu , Guo Shenrui , Wei Feng , Han Tingting , Lai Ruihe , Zhang Dalong , Diao Yao , Yin Yafu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nicotine plays a role in inhibiting the inflammatory factors, which contributes to improving cognitive impairment by activating α4β2 nAChRs in ischemic rats, but the underling mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Janus tyrosine kinase 2-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2-STAT3) signaling pathway is involved in cognitive improvement, and there seems a relationship between nAChRs and JAK2-STAT3 as well. This study was designed to investigate the role of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway in nicotine-mediated anti-inflammation effect. Nicotine, DHβE (the most potent competitive antagonist of α4β2 nAChRs) and AG490 (a specific JAK2-STAT3 blocker) were adopted for intervention treatment in ischemic rats and HEK-293T-hα4β2 cells. Morris Water Maze (MWM) test and 2-[18F]-A-85380 PET imaging were performed to detect the cognition and α4β2 nAChRs in ischemic rats. The results demonstrated that nicotine intervention increased the density of α4β2 nAChRs and improved cognitive impairment, but this effect would be blocked by AG490, while receptors were still upregulated. Essentially, when JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway was blocked, nicotine could only upregulate the expression of α4β2 nAChRs, but not improve the cognitive function. The results were further confirmed by PCR and Western blot analysis. The cell experiments also showed that nicotine could reduce inflammatory factors stimulated by LPS and upregulate the expression of pJAK2 and pSTAT3 in HEK-293T-hα4β2 cells, while AG490 and DHβE reversed nicotine’s effect. In summary, our work indicated that JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway played an important role in nicotine-induced cognitive improvement by up-regulating α4β2 nAChRs in ischemic rats.
Identification and Validation of Immune-Related Genes and Immune Cell Infiltration in Preeclampsia
Authors: Chen Rongxin , Han Qing , Zhang Huale , Yan Jianying 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex multisystem disease and its etiology remains unclear. The aim of this study was to identify potential immune-related diagnostic genes for PE, analyze the role of immune cell infiltration in PE, and explore the mechanism underlying PE-induced disruption of immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface.
Methods
We used the PE dataset GES25906 from Gene Expression Omnibus and immune-related genes from ImmPort database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the “limma” package, and the differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIGs) were extracted from the DEGs and immune-related genes using Venn diagrams. The potential functions of DEIGs were determined by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. Furthermore, the protein–protein interaction network was obtained from the STRING database, and it was visualized using Cytoscape software. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression was used to verify the diagnostic markers of PE and build a predicting model. The model was validated using datasets GSE66273 and GSE75010. Finally, CIBERSORT was used to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in PE tissues.
Results
Six genes (ACTG1, ENG, IFNGR1, ITGB2, NOD1, and SPP1) enriched in Th17 cell differentiation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, innate immune response, and positive regulation of MAPK cascade pathways were identified, and a predicting model was built. Datasets GSE66273 and GSE75010 were used to validate the model, and the area under the curve was 0.8333 and 0.8107, respectively. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed an increase in plasma cells and gamma delta T cells and a decrease in resting natural killer cells in the high score group according to the predictive model risk values.
Conclusions
We developed a risk model to predict PE and proved that immune imbalance at the maternal-fetal interface plays a key role in the pathogenesis of PE.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Immune and Prognostic Implication of TRIM8 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Yan Cheng , Liu Qingling , Nie Mingkun , Hu Wei , Jia Ruoling 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer remains one of most lethal illnesses for female and the most common malignancies among women, making it important to discover novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for breast cancer. Immunotherapy has become a promising therapeutic tool for breast cancer. The role of TRIM8 in breast cancer has rarely been reported. Method: Here we identified TRIM8 expression and its potential functions on survival in patients with breast cancer using TCGA (The cancer genome atlas), GEO (Gene expression omnibus) database and METABRIC (Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium). Then, TIMER and TISIDB databases were used to investigate the correlations between TRIM8 mRNA levels and immune characteristics. Using stepwise cox regression, we established an immune prognostic signature based on five differentially expression immune-related genes (DE-IRGs). Finally, a nomogram, accompanied by a calibration curve was proposed to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival for breast cancer patients. Results: We found that TRIM8 expression was dramatically lower in breast cancer tissues in comparison with normal tissues. Lower TRIM8 expression was related with worse prognosis in breast cancer. TIMER and TISIDB analysis showed that there were strong correlations between TRIM8 expression and immune characteristics. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve confirmed the good performance in survival prediction, showing good accuracy of the immune prognostic signature. We demonstrated the model usefulness of predictions by nomogram and calibration curves. Our findings indicated that TRIM8 might be a potential link between progression and prognosis survival of breast cancer.Conclusion: This is a comprehensive study to reveal that TRIM8 may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker associating with immune characteristics and provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
Multiple drivers and extreme events collapse social-ecological systems sooner
Authors: Willcock Simon , Cooper Gregory , Addy John , Dearing John 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The world’s ecosystems are undergoing unprecedented changes due to the impact of climate change and local human activities. A major concern is the possibility of tipping points where ecosystems and landscapes change abruptly to undesirable states. We consider what happens to the timing of tipping points when current stresses strengthen whilst systems experience additional stresses and/or extreme events. We run experiments on four mathematical models that simulate tipping points in lake water quality, the Easter Island community, the Chilika lagoon fishery, and forest dieback. We show that the strongest impacts occur under increasing levels of primary stress, but additional and more extreme stresses in all four models bring the tipping points significantly closer to today. Translating the results to the real world underlines the need for humanity to reduce damaging disturbances and global warming, and to be vigilant for signs that natural systems are degrading more rapidly than previously thought.
Inoculation of Herbaspirillum Seropedicae Increases Biomass in Maize Roots in the Early Stages of Plant Development
Authors: Cunha Elisandra Triches da , Pedrolo Ana Marina , Bueno Jessica Cavalheiro Ferreira , Pereira Tomás Pelizzaro , Soares Cláudio Roberto Fônseca Sousa , Arisi Ana Carolina Maisonnave 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Herbaspirillum seropedicae is a plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from diverse plant species. In this work, the main objective was to investigate the efficiency of H. seropedicae strain SmR1 in colonizing and increasing maize growth in the early stages of development under greenhouse conditions. Inoculation with H. seropedicae resulted in 10.51 and 19.43% in mean of increase of root biomass concerning non-inoculated controls, mainly in the initial stages of plant development, at 21 days after emergence (DAE). Quantification of H. seropedicae in roots and leaves was performed by quantitative PCR.. H. seropedicae was detected only in maize inoculated roots by qPCR, and a slight decrease in DNA copy number g−1 of fresh root weight was observed from 7 to 21 DAE, suggesting that there was initial effective colonization on maize plants. H. seropedicae strain SmR1 efficiently increased maize root biomass exhibiting its potencial to be used as inoculant in agricultures systems.
Use of non-invasive sensor to assess intracranial compliance in the management of migraine patients: case report
Authors: Cherain Luiz Gabriel Gonçalves , Barbosa Mateus Gonçalves de Sena , de Souza Rafaela Luiza Vilela , Paula Rafaela de Souza , Campos Geovana Ribeiro , Silva Isadora , Peixoto Elaine , Rabelo Nícollas Nunes 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study is to report the use of a non-invasive sensor to assess intracranial compliance (ICC) in patients complaining of migraine. This case report presents a 34-year-old, female patient that was treated for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) by placing a non-adjustable lumboperitoneal shunt. After one year, she presented with headache and signs of overdrainage. Non-invasive monitoring of ICC was done, suggesting a reduction in the ICC, but no change in the opening pressure of the valve. A diagnosis of migraine was made, with improvement after brain monitoring, leading treatment without any new surgical intervention. With this case, we conclude that the use of non-invasive sensor helped the medical team to understand the information obtained by the ICP curve in the office, and in the management of patients with headache complaints, supporting clinical decision making, improving the quality of care, correlated with underlying diseases and procedural and patient safety.
Infected host responses across entomopathogenic nematode phylogeny
Authors: Erdogan Hilal , Stevens Glen , Stevens Asa , Shapiro-Ilan David , Kaplan Fatma , Alborn Hans , Lewis Edwin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We used a phylogenetic framework to examine the relationship between entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) vertical dispersal and infectivity when EPNs are exposed to a mixture of compounds found in late-stage EPN-infected insect cadavers. EPNs from five phylogenetically close and distant species (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. georgiana, H. megidis, H. indica and Steinernema feltiae) were exposed to cadaver macerate produced by their own species’ infection and by H. bacteriophora infected hosts. We found that only three of the five species (H. bacteriophora, H. indica and S. feltiae) responded to exposure to their own macerate by increasing rates of dispersal. When we exposed all five species to a H. bacteriophora infected host macerate, we found that only H. bacteriophora responded by increasing dispersal, and that the most distantly related species (S. feltiae) essentially halted dispersal. These findings suggest that (1) responses to cadaver macerate vary, and (2) there may be a relationship between inherent dispersal rates and sensitivity to macerate exposure, as the most rapidly dispersing species (H. megidis) showed no response to macerate exposure.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa SMP Negeri 1 Kapontori
Authors: Azis Azis 
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa pada kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kapontori. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex-post facto. Penelitian dilakukan di SMP Negeri 1 Kapontori. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Kapontori yang berjumlah 53 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa kuesioner dan tes prestasi belajar siswa. Validitas kuesioner menggunakan validitas isi dan validitas konstruk. Reliabilitas dihitung dengan rumus Cronbach Alpha. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1) rata-rata data kecerdasan emosional sebesar 77,91 dengan simpangan baku sebesar 9,375 dan 2) rata-rata data tes prestasi belajar matematika sebesar 68.87 berdasarkan hasil analisis inferensial dengan melihat uji normalitas terdapat nilai signifikan kecerdasan emosional dan prestasi belajar sebesar 0,200. nilai konstan sebesar 27,472. Koefisien regresi untuk variabel kecerdasan emosional sebesar 0,524. Sehingga diperoleh persamaan regresi sederhana . R Square yang diperoleh sebesar 0,508 yang menandakan bahwa faktor kecerdasan emosi memberikan pengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar matematika sebesar 50,8%, sedangkan 49,2% selebihnya dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap prestasi belajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kapontori.
Disinfection of therapeutic water – balancing risks against benefits: case study of Hungarian therapeutic baths on the effects of technological steps and disinfection on therapeutic waters
Authors: Gere Dóra , Róka Eszter , Erdélyi Norbert , Bufa-Dőrr Zsuzsanna , Záray Gyula , Vargha Márta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Thermal therapeutic pools in most countries are operated in a manner similar to swimming pools: with water circulation, filtration and disinfection. However, in some countries, including Hungary, therapeutic pools are traditionally not treated this way, in order to preserve the therapeutic qualities of the water. However, dilution and frequent water replacement applied in these pools are often insufficient to ensure adequate microbial water quality, posing a risk of infection to the bathers. In the present case study, the impact of water treatment (including chemical disinfection by hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide) was investigated on the therapeutic components of the water in seven Hungarian spas of various water composition. Microbial quality was improved by both disinfectants, but hypochlorite reduced the concentration of the therapeutic components sulfide, bromide, and iodide ions by 40–99%, and high levels of disinfection by-products were observed. Hydrogen peroxide only affected sulfide ion (91% reduction). Other technological steps (e.g., transport or cooling by dilution) were found to have significant impact on composition, often outweighing the effect of disinfection. The current case study demonstrated that thermal waters may be treated and disinfected with minimal loss of the therapeutic compounds, if an adequate treatment procedure is selected based on the water composition.
O serviço social na luta contra a ditadura militar (1964-1985)
Authors: Ramos da Silva Betânia Maria , Stampa Inez 
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo indicar questões acerca da importância de estudos que possam contribuir para desvelar violações de direitos que sofreram os trabalhadores, particularmente os assistentes sociais e os estudantes de Serviço Social, durante o período de ditadura militar no Brasil. Neste sentido, os temas Estado ditatorial, repressão, controle e vigilância, elementos que atingiram esses profissionais no período do regime militar, são elementos que merecem atenção. Baseado em revisão bibliográfica, traz apontamentos de pesquisa em desenvolvimento sobre a participação de profissionais de Serviço Social na luta contra a ditadura no período de 1964-1985.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ditadura, Serviço Social, Trabalhadores, Violação de Direitos Humanos.