bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric Cost Modelling for Investment Casting
Authors: Mandolini Marco , Campi Federico , Favi Claudio , Cicconi Paolo , Germani Michele , Raffaeli Roberto 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a parametric cost model for estimating the raw material cost of components realized employing the investment casting process. The model is built using sensitivity analysis and regression methods on data generated by an analytic cost model previously developed and validated by the same authors. This is the first attempt of developing a parametric cost model for investment casting based on activity-based costing. The proposed cost model accounts component volume, material density and material price. The error in estimating the raw material cost for components whose volume is within the common range of investment casting is around 11%.
Optimization of Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems Configuration: A Literature Review
Authors: Sabioni Rachel Campos , Daaboul Joanna , Le Duigou Julien 
Published: April 2021

AbstractReconfigurable Manufacturing Systems (RMS) have gained importance in the current context of increasing high variety demand, Mass Customization (MC) and market instability, due to their ability of being quickly modified to adjust their production capacity to attain sudden fluctuations in market demands as well as to accommodate operations of new products. RMS can be configured at system and machine levels. Many papers have described the RMS configuration as combinatorial optimization problems and proposed several techniques to optimize them in terms of different responses of interest. This paper presents a literature review that seeks to understand how RMS configuration has been addressed in terms of configuration level, optimization problem modelling and techniques applied to solve it. This work aims to assist researchers working on RMS configuration to identify trends and new research opportunities.
Instantons, symmetries and anomalies in five dimensions
Authors: Genolini Pietro Benetti , Tizzano Luigi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
All five-dimensional non-abelian gauge theories have a U(1)I global symmetry associated with instantonic particles. We describe an obstruction to coupling U(1)I to a classical background gauge field that occurs whenever the theory has a one-form center symmetry. This is a finite-order mixed ’t Hooft anomaly between the two symmetries. We also show that a similar obstruction takes place in gauge theories with fundamental matter by studying twisted bundles for the ordinary flavor symmetry. We explore some general dynamical properties of the candidate phases implied by the anomaly. Finally, we apply our results to supersymmetric gauge theories in five dimensions and analyze the symmetry enhancement patterns occurring at their conjectured RG fixed points.
Modular zero modes and sewing the states of QFT
Authors: Lashkari Nima 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We point out an important difference between continuum relativistic quantum field theory (QFT) and lattice models with dramatic consequences for the theory of multi-partite entanglement. On a lattice given a collection of density matrices ρ(1), ρ(2), ⋯, ρ(n) there is no guarantee that there exists an n-partite pure state |Ω〉12⋯n that reduces to these marginals. The state |Ω〉12⋯n exists only if the eigenvalues of the density matrices ρ(i) satisfy certain polygon inequalities. We show that in QFT, as opposed to lattice systems, splitting the space into n non-overlapping regions any collection of local states ω(1), ω(2), ⋯ ω(n) come from the restriction of a global pure state. The reason is that rotating any local state ω(i) by unitary Ui localized in the ith region we come arbitrarily close to any other local state ψ(i). We construct explicit examples of such local unitaries using the cocycle.
Chern-Simons gravity dual of BCFT
Authors: Takayanagi Tadashi , Uetoko Takahiro 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper we provide a Chern-Simons gravity dual of a two dimensional conformal field theory on a manifold with boundaries, so called boundary conformal field theory (BCFT). We determine the correct boundary action on the end of the world brane in the Chern-Simons gauge theory. This reproduces known results of the AdS/BCFT for the Einstein gravity. We also give a prescription of calculating holographic entanglement entropy by employing Wilson lines which extend from the AdS boundary to the end of the world brane. We also discuss a higher spin extension of our formulation.
Remarks on a melonic field theory with cubic interaction
Authors: Benedetti Dario , Delporte Nicolas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We revisit the Amit-Roginsky (AR) model in the light of recent studies on Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) and tensor models, with which it shares some important features. It is a model of N scalar fields transforming in an N-dimensional irreducible representation of SO(3). The most relevant (in renormalization group sense) invariant interaction is cubic in the fields and mediated by a Wigner 3jm symbol. The latter can be viewed as a particular rank-3 tensor coupling, thus highlighting the similarity to the SYK model, in which the tensor coupling is however random and of even rank. As in the SYK and tensor models, in the large-N limit the perturbative expansion is dominated by melonic diagrams. The lack of randomness, and the rapidly growing number of invariants that can be built with n fields, makes the AR model somewhat closer to tensor models. We review the results from the old work of Amit and Roginsky with the hindsight of recent developments, correcting and completing some of their statements, in particular concerning the spectrum of the operator product expansion of two fundamental fields. For 5.74 < d < 6 the fixed-point theory defines a real CFT, while for smaller d complex dimensions appear, after a merging of the lowest dimension with its shadow. We also introduce and study a long-range version of the model, for which the cubic interaction is exactly marginal at large N , and we find a real and unitary CFT for any d < 6, both for real and imaginary coupling constant, up to some critical coupling.
The chiral ring of gauge theories in eight dimensions
Authors: Fucito F. , Morales J. F. , Poghossian R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We study the non-perturbative corrections generated by exotic instantons in U(N) gauge theories in eight and four dimensions. As it was shown previously, the eight-dimensional prepotential can be resummed using a plethystic formula showing only a dependence from the center of mass and from a U(1) gauge factor. On the contrary, chiral correlators in eight and four dimensions display a non-trivial dependence from the full gauge group. Furthermore the resolvent, the generating function for the eight and four dimensional correlators, can be written in a compact form both in the eight and four dimensional cases.
Kaluza-Klein spectroscopy for the Leigh-Strassler SCFT
Authors: Bobev Nikolay , Malek Emanuel , Robinson Brandon , Samtleben Henning , van Muiden Jesse 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe apply recently developed tools from exceptional field theory to calculate the full Kaluza-Klein spectrum of the AdS5 Pilch-Warner solution of type IIB supergravity. Through the AdS/CFT correspondence this yields detailed information about the spectrum of protected and unprotected operators of the four-dimensional$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 1 Leigh-Strassler SCFT, in the planar limit. We also calculate explicitly the superconformal index of the SCFT in this limit and show that it agrees precisely with the spectrum of protected operators in the supergravity calculation.
Mapping the expression of transient receptor potential channels across murine placental development
Authors: De Clercq Katrien , Pérez-García Vicente , Van Bree Rieta , Pollastro Federica , Peeraer Karen , Voets Thomas , Vriens Joris 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTransient receptor potential (TRP) channels play prominent roles in ion homeostasis by their ability to control cation influx. Mouse placentation is governed by the processes of trophoblast proliferation, invasion, differentiation, and fusion, all of which require calcium signaling. Although certain TRP channels have been shown to contribute to maternal–fetal transport of magnesium and calcium, a role for TRP channels in specific trophoblast functions has been disregarded. Using qRT-PCR and in situ hybridisation, the spatio-temporal expression pattern of TRP channels in the mouse placenta across gestation (E10.5–E18.5) was assessed. Prominent expression was observed for Trpv2, Trpm6, and Trpm7. Calcium microfluorimetry in primary trophoblast cells isolated at E14.5 of gestation further revealed the functional activity of TRPV2 and TRPM7. Finally, comparing TRP channels expression in mouse trophoblast stem cells (mTSCs) and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) confirmed the specific expression of TRPV2 during placental development. Moreover, TRP channel expression was similar in mTSCs compared to primary trophoblasts and validate mTSC as a model to study TRP channels in placental development. Collectivity, our results identify a specific spatio-temporal TRP channel expression pattern in trophoblasts, suggesting a possible involvement in regulating the process of placentation.
Changes in the facial soft tissue profile after maxillary orthognathic surgery
Authors: Rupperti S. , Winterhalder P. , Krennmair S. , Holberg S. , Holberg C. , Mast G. , Rudzki I. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To compare the changes of the soft tissue profile in relation to the displacement of the underlying hard structures in maxillary orthognathic surgery and to contribute to the esthetic prediction of the facial profile after surgical procedures.

Materials and methods
We analyzed the sagittal changes in the facial soft tissue profile related to surgical changes in skeletal structures after maxillary osteotomy in a retrospective study. The study sample comprised 115 adult patients between the ages of 18–50 years who had undergone maxillary orthognathic surgery and interdisciplinary orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany. LeFort I osteotomy cases in both maxillary monognathic and bignathic osteotomy procedures were included. All subjects had received rigid fixation. A cephalometric analysis of presurgical and postsurgical cephalograms was performed and the correlations between hard tissue and soft tissue change ratios were evaluated using a bivariate linear regression analysis. A vertical line through the landmark sella (S) perpendicular to the nasion-sella line (NSL) served as the reference plane.

Results
The subnasale (Sn) followed the A point (A) by 57%, the soft tissue A point (A′) followed the A point (A) by 73% and the upper lip, represented by the landmark labrale superius (Ls) followed the upper incisor (Is) by 73%; all three in a linear correlation with a mean prediction error of nearly 2 mm.

Conclusion
The scatterplots show a linear correlation with a wide spread for all three pairs of reference points. The wide spread and the high prediction error of almost 2 mm indicate low predictability of the expected lip position and Sn.
Kutane Pseudolymphome nach Hirudotherapie
Authors: Hanner Susanne , Stroh Hannah , Enk Alexander , Hoffmann Jochen 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungUnter dem Begriff Pseudolymphom (PSL) versteht man eine benigne, reaktive Lymphoproliferation der Haut, die klinisch und/oder histologisch ein malignes Lymphom simulieren kann. Die genaue Ätiopathogenese ist bis heute nicht gänzlich geklärt. Man unterscheidet die primären, idiopathischen PSL ohne erkennbare Ursache von den sekundären PSL mit bekanntem Stimulus. Wir berichten über das Auftreten von Pseudolymphomen nach einer Behandlung mit medizinischen Blutegeln (Hirudotherapie). Bisher wurden nach bestem Wissen und Gewissen insgesamt nur 9 Fälle von kutanen PSL nach Hirudotherapie in der Literatur beschrieben.
Treatment of post-meniscectomy knee symptoms with medial meniscus replacement results in greater pain reduction and functional improvement than non-surgical care
Authors: Zaslav Kenneth R. , Farr Jack , Alfred Richard , Alley R. Maxwell , Dyle Michael , Gomoll Andreas H. , Lattermann Christian , McKeon Brian P. , Kaeding Christopher C. , Giel Thomas , Hershman Elliott B. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Partial meniscectomy is a common orthopedic procedure intended to improve knee pain and function in patients with irreparable meniscal tears. However, 6–25% of partial meniscectomy patients experience persistent knee pain after surgery. In this randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving subjects with knee pain following partial meniscectomy, it was hypothesized that treatment with a synthetic medial meniscus replacement (MMR) implant provides significantly greater improvements in knee pain and function compared to non-surgical care alone.

Methods
In this prospective, multicenter RCT, subjects with persistent knee pain following one or more previous partial meniscectomies were randomized to receive either MMR or non-surgical care. This analysis evaluated the 1-year outcomes of this 2-year clinical trial. Patient-reported knee pain, function, and quality of life were measured using nine separate patient-reported outcomes. The primary outcomes were the pain subscale of the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the average of all five KOOS subscales (KOOS Overall). Treatment cessation was defined as permanent device removal in the MMR group and any surgical procedure to the index knee in the non-surgical care group.

Results
Treated subjects had a median age of 52 years old (range 30–69 years) and one or more previous partial meniscectomies at a median of 34 months (range 5–430 months) before trial entry. Among 127 subjects treated with either MMR (n = 61) or non-surgical care (n = 66), 11 withdrew from the trial or were lost to follow-up (MMR, n = 0; non-surgical care, n = 11). The magnitude of improvement from baseline to 1 year was significantly greater in subjects who received MMR in both primary outcomes of KOOS Pain (P = 0.013) and KOOS Overall (P = 0.027). Treatment cessation was reported in 14.5% of non-surgical care subjects and only 4.9% of MMR subjects (n.s.).

Conclusion
Treatment with the synthetic MMR implant resulted in significantly greater improvements in knee pain, function, and quality of life at 1 year of follow-up compared to treatment with non-surgical care alone.

Level of evidence
I.
A numerical approach for the modelling of forming limits in hot incremental forming of AZ31 magnesium alloy
Authors: Campanella Davide , Buffa Gianluca , Lo Valvo Ernesto , Fratini Livan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMagnesium alloys, because of their good specific material strength, can be considered attractive by different industry fields, as the aerospace and the automotive one. However, their use is limited by the poor formability at room temperature. In this research, a numerical approach is proposed in order to determine an analytical expression of material formability in hot incremental forming processes. The numerical model was developed using the commercial software ABAQUS/Explicit. The Johnson-Cook material model was used, and the model was validated through experimental measurements carried out using the ARAMIS system. Different geometries were considered with temperature varying in a range of 25–400 °C and wall angle in a range of 35–60°. An analytical expression of the fracture forming limit, as a function of temperature, was established and finally tested with a different geometry in order to assess the validity.
Scheitern in der Psychotherapie – der aktuelle Wissensstand
Authors: Strauß Bernhard 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Scheitern von Psychotherapien taucht als Thema in der Psychotherapieforschung zwar immer wieder auf, wird aber erst in jüngster Zeit intensiver beforscht, u. a. im Hinblick auf die Frage, wie Scheitern zu definieren ist, wie häufig es vorkommt und welche Variablen Scheitern vorhersagen können. In dieser Übersicht folgt auf eine historische Übersicht mit starkem Bezug auf die Untersuchungen von Hans H. Strupp eine Zusammenfassung systematischer und fallorientierter Betrachtungen von Scheitern in der Psychotherapie. Es werden Studien berichtet, zu den Determinanten und Risikofaktoren von Scheitern sowie zu der Frage, wie der aktuelle Wissensstand zum Scheitern in der psychotherapeutischen Praxis sowohl im klinischen Alltag wie auch in der Aus- und Weiterbildung von psychotherapeutisch Tätigen nutzbar gemacht werden kann.
Joint segmentation and classification of hepatic lesions in ultrasound images using deep learning
Authors: Ryu Hwaseong , Shin Seung Yeon , Lee Jae Young , Lee Kyoung Mu , Kang Hyo-jin , Yi Jonghyon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To develop a convolutional neural network system to jointly segment and classify a hepatic lesion selected by user clicks in ultrasound images.

Methods
In total, 4309 anonymized ultrasound images of 3873 patients with hepatic cyst (n = 1214), hemangioma (n = 1220), metastasis (n = 1001), or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (n = 874) were collected and annotated. The images were divided into 3909 training and 400 test images. Our network is composed of one shared encoder and two inference branches used for segmentation and classification and takes the concatenation of an input image and two Euclidean distance maps of foreground and background clicks provided by a user as input. The performance of hepatic lesion segmentation was evaluated based on the Jaccard index (JI), and the performance of classification was based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).

Results
We achieved performance improvements by jointly conducting segmentation and classification. In the segmentation only system, the mean JI was 68.5%. In the classification only system, the accuracy of classifying four types of hepatic lesions was 79.8%. The mean JI and classification accuracy were 68.5% and 82.2%, respectively, for the proposed joint system. The optimal sensitivity and specificity and the AUROC of classifying benign and malignant hepatic lesions of the joint system were 95.0%, 86.0%, and 0.970, respectively. The respective sensitivity, specificity, and the AUROC for classifying four hepatic lesions of the joint system were 86.7%, 89.7%, and 0.947.

Conclusions
The proposed joint system exhibited fair performance compared to segmentation only and classification only systems.

Key Points
• The joint segmentation and classification system using deep learning accurately segmented and classified hepatic lesions selected by user clicks in US examination.
• The joint segmentation and classification system for hepatic lesions in US images exhibited higher performance than segmentation only and classification only systems.
• The joint segmentation and classification system could assist radiologists with minimal experience in US imaging by characterizing hepatic lesions.
Age and time trends of dairy intake among children and adolescents of the DONALD study
Authors: Hohoff Eva , Perrar Ines , Jancovic Nicole , Alexy Ute 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To describe age and time trends in dietary intake of Total Dairy (TD) (g/1000 kcal Total Energy Intake) and types of dairy (weight percent of total dairy intake, w%TD) represented as Low Fat Dairy (LFD), High Sugar Dairy (HSD), Fermented Dairy (FD) and Liquid Dairy (LD) among children and adolescents in Germany.

Methods
Overall, 10,333 3-day dietary records kept between 1985 and 2019 by 1275 DONALD participants (3.5–18.5 years; boys: 50.8%) were analyzed using polynomial mixed-effects regression models.

Results
TD intake decreased with age (♂: linear trend p < 0.0001; ♀: linear and quadratic trend p < 0.0001), whereas FD (♀: linear, quadratic, cubic trend p ≤ 0.02) increased slightly in girls. HSD (♂: linear, quadratic, cubic trend p ≤ 0.004; ♀: linear, quadratic, cubic trend p ≤ 0.005) and LD (linear, quadratic trend p ≤ 0.0002) decreased with age. In terms of time trends, TD intake decreased in the last three decades, especially since 1995 (quadratic trend for ♂ 0.0007 and ♀ p = 0.004). LFD intake increased until 2010 and decreased thereafter (linear, quadratic, cubic trend p < 0.0001). HSD decreased until 1995, then increased until 2010 and decreased again afterwards (♂: linear, quadratic, cubic trend p ≤ 0.001; ♀: linear, quadratic, cubic trend p ≤ 0.003). While FD intake increased linear (in both ♂ and ♀: p < 0.0001), LD intake decreased (linear, quadratic trend p ≤ 0.03).

Conclusion
Our results showed changes in dairy consumption patterns among children and adolescents over the past three decades, demonstrating a decrease in TD intake with age and time, and a shift from liquid to solid dairy products with a simultaneous increase in fermented dairy products, while LFD and HSD fluctuated over time. Further evaluations will examine the health significance of these consumption patterns.
Association between neurosarcoidosis with autonomic dysfunction and anti-ganglionic acetylcholine receptor antibodies
Authors: Oishi Makoto , Mukaino Akihiro , Kunii Misako , Saito Asami , Arita Yukimasa , Koike Haruki , Higuchi Osamu , Maeda Yasuhiro , Abiru Norio , Yamaguchi Naohiro , Kawano Hiroaki , Tsuiki Eiko , Tanaka Tomonori , Matsuo Hidenori , Katsuno Masahisa , Tanaka Fumiaki , Tsujino Akira , Nakane Shunya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective
To determine whether autonomic dysfunction in neurosarcoidosis is associated with anti-ganglionic acetylcholine receptor (gAChR) antibodies, which are detected in autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy.

Methods
We retrospectively extracted cases of sarcoidosis from 1787 serum samples of 1,381 patients between 2012 and 2018. Anti-gAChR antibodies against the α3 and β4 subunit were measured by luciferase immunoprecipitation to confirm the clinical features of each case. We summarized literature reviews of neurosarcoidosis with severe dysautonomia to identify relevant clinical features and outcomes.

Results
We extracted three new cases of neurosarcoidosis with severe dysautonomia, among which two were positive for anti-gAChR antibodies: Case 1 was positive for antibodies against the β4 subunit, and Case 2 was positive for antibodies against both the α3 and β4 subunits. We reviewed the cases of 15 patients with neurosarcoidosis and severe dysautonomia, including the three cases presented herein. Orthostatic hypotension and orthostatic intolerance were the most common symptoms. Among the various types of neuropathy, small fiber neuropathy (SFN) was the most prevalent, with seven of nine cases exhibiting definite SFN. Six of eight cases had impaired postganglionic fibers, of which the present three cases revealed abnormality of 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy. Of the 11 cases, 10 were responsive to immunotherapy, except one seropositive case (Case 2).

Conclusions
The presence of gAChR antibodies may constitute one of the mechanisms by which dysautonomia arises in neurosarcoidosis.