bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Route to tunable room temperature electric polarization in SrTiO3–CoFe2O4 heterostructures
Authors: Maurel Laura , Herrero-Martín Javier , Motti Federico , Vasili Hari Babu , Piamonteze Cinthia , Heyderman Laura J. , Scagnoli Valerio 
Published: April 2021

We show reversible room temperature control of the Ti band structure in SrTiO3–CoFe2O4 heterostructures exploiting CoFe2O4 magnetostriction. Changes as a function of the applied magnetic field suggest the development of a net electric polarization.
Endoscopic resection using an over-the-scope clip for duodenal neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Tashima Tomoaki , Ryozawa Shomei , Tanisaka Yuki , Fujita Akashi , Miyaguchi Kazuya , Ogawa Tomoya , Mizuide Masafumi , Mashimo Yumi , Kawasaki Tomonori , Yasuda Masami 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic resection of duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (DNETs) remains controversial, and its indications are still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate short-term outcomes of a newly developed endoscopic muscularis resection (EMR) method that utilizes an over-the-scope clip (OTSC), termed EMRO, for treating DNETs.
Patients and methods In total, 13 consecutive patients with 14 small (≤ 10 mm) DNETs who underwent EMRO from September 2017 to March 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. EMRO was performed by a single experienced endoscopist. Patients’ characteristics and treatment outcomes were assessed.
Results The En bloc and R0 resection rates were 100 % (14/14) and 92.9 % (13/14), respectively. The median pathological resected specimen size was 10 mm, with a median pathological resected tumor size of 6 mm. During the EMRO procedure, there was no occurrence of misplacement of the OTSC to the target lesion. With respect to the pathological resection depth, nine cases (64.3 %) and five cases (35.7 %) were categorized as deep submucosal resection and muscularis resection, respectively, whereas no case was categorized as full-thickness resection. There were no intraoperative or delayed perforations. However, delayed bleeding occurred in two cases. At a median follow-up of 12 months (range 7–36) after EMRO, there was no incidence of local recurrence. At the first follow-up endoscopy performed at 6 months after EMRO, the OTSC was retained in place in two of 14 DNETs (14.3 %).
Conclusions EMRO can be performed safely, by an experienced endoscopist, for small (≤ 10 mm) DNETs.
Radiofrequency ablation for intraductal extension of ampullary adenomatous lesions: proposal for a standardized protocol
Authors: Tringali Andrea , Matteo Maria Valeria , Orlandini Beatrice , Barbaro Federico , Perri Vincenzo , Zhang Qianqian , Ricci Riccardo , Costamagna Guido 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Intraductal extension of ampullary adenoma represents a challenging endoscopic issue. Intraductal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been recently suggested, but evidence and standardization of this technique are still lacking. This study aimed to provide a long-term evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety of intraductal RFA ablation with a standardized algorithm of treatment.
Patients and methods Data were prospectively collected from consecutive patients with intraductal extension of adenomatous ampullary lesions from January 2016 to November 2018. Endpoints of the study were clinical success evaluated on histology results at the last follow-up, technical success, and adverse events assessment.
Results Nine patients with intraductal (biliary ± pancreatic) extension of ampullary adenomas were treated with RFA during the study period. Histology on the papillectomy specimen confirmed intraductal involvement with low-grade dysplasia (LGD) in five cases (56 %), high-grade dysplasia (HGD) in three (33 %), and HGD with intramucosal adenocarcinoma in one patient (11 %). Additional argon plasma coagulation to ablate the adenoma on the duodenal mucosa was applied in five patients (56 %). Technical success was 100 %. One patient (11 %) with failed pancreatic stenting, developing acute pancreatitis after RFA, recovered with medical therapy. After a median follow-up of 21 months (IQR 20–31), six patients (67 %) achieved clinical success being free of recurrence, whereas one was diagnosed with persistence of adenocarcinoma, one with recurrent HGD, and one with recurrent LGD.
Conclusions In our experience, intraductal RFA achieved acceptable results after a 2-year follow-up. Further studies are required to confirm our results and to select those patients most likely to respond.
Zwangsstörungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Roessner Veit , Uhlmann Anne 
Published: April 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGZwangsstörungen sind durch Zwangsgedanken und/oder Zwangshandlungen charakterisiert. Als Zwangsgedanken werden wiederkehrende Gedanken, Ideen und Impulse bezeichnet, die auch aufgrund ihres Inhaltes unangenehme Emotionen verursachen. Zwangshandlungen sind wiederholte, beabsichtigte Verhaltensweisen, die meist auf einen Zwangsgedanken hin, oft in immer gleicher Weise ausgeführt werden, meist um scheinbares Unheil zu verhindern oder unangenehme Emotionen zu reduzieren. Zwangsstörungen weisen ein erhebliches Chronifizierungsrisiko auf. Häufig treten komorbide Angst-, Tic-, Ess-, Aufmerksamkeits-, depressive und Störungen der Impulskontrolle auf. An der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung einer Zwangsstörung sind biologische und psychosoziale Faktoren beteiligt. Als wirksame Behandlung von Zwangsstörungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter haben sich kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutische Ansätze, wie Interventionen und Expositionsbehandlung mit Reaktionsmanagement ergänzt durch Psychoedukation etabliert. Erst nach deren Erfolglosigkeit bzw. in schweren Fällen ist eine pharmakologische Behandlung mit selektiven Serotonin-Wiederaufnahmehemmern (SSRI) indiziert.
Emotionale und depressive Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Lincke Lena , Kölch Michael 
Published: April 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBei depressiven Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter handelt es sich um ernstzunehmende Erkrankungen. Sie treten häufig gemeinsam mit anderen psychischen Störungen auf, neigen zur Chronifizierung und können die Funktionsfähigkeit und Teilhabechancen der Betroffenen langfristig beeinträchtigen. Alterstypische Symptome, wie eine gereizte Stimmung oder anhaltende Lustlosigkeit werden häufig nicht erkannt, da sie sich von den aus dem Erwachsenenalter bekannten Symptomen unterscheiden. Gerade in der Pubertät können depressive Symptome zudem schwer von alterstypischem Verhalten abzugrenzen sein. Das Auftreten depressiver Störungen lässt sich nicht auf eine einzige Ursache zurückführen. Neben neurobiologischen Faktoren tragen insbesondere schwere, belastende Lebensereignisse zu einem erhöhten Risiko bei, im Kindes- und Jugendalter an einer Depression zu erkranken. Die Behandlung depressiver Störungen orientiert sich am Schweregrad der Erkrankung und umfasst zumeist verhaltenstherapeutische Interventionen, teils in Kombination mit einer Medikation. Ergänzende Behandlungsansätze, wie Lichttherapie oder spezifische Ernährungszusätze werden auf ihre Wirksamkeit überprüft.
Solvent-Free Conjugated Polymer Fluids with Optical Functions
Authors: Shinohara Akira , Guo Zhenfeng , Pan Chengjun , Nakanishi Takashi 
Published: April 2021

Solvent-free fluidic materials possessing optoelectronic functions are expected to be major components in soft electronics applications. Conjugated polymers are promising targets for this purpose and their design approaches are classified into three types with respect to their structure: conjugation breaking (Type I), copolymerization with flexible polymers (Type II), and side chain engineering (Type III). In this short review, we highlight several early attempts to produce Type III conjugated polymers. We also present fully characterized Type III fluids recently developed by our group, with a brief summary of the structure–property relationship and fluidity-oriented functions.Introduction1 Polymer Design1.1 Fluidity of Polymeric Materials1.2 Type III CPs with T g < 25 °C1.3 Fluidification of Polyfluorenes1.4 Effect of Side Chain Length2 Fluidity-Oriented Functions2.1 Mechanofluorochromism2.2 Consistent Luminescence in Wide Range of Elastic Moduli2.3 Prediction of ViscoelasticityConclusions and Outlook
Automated, multiparametric monitoring of respiratory biomarkers and vital signs in clinical and home settings for COVID-19 patients
Authors: Ni Xiaoyue , Ouyang Wei , Jeong Hyoyoung , Kim Jin-Tae , Tzavelis Andreas , Mirzazadeh Ali , Wu Changsheng , Lee Jong Yoon , Keller Matthew , Mummidisetty Chaithanya K. , Patel Manish , Shawen Nicholas , Huang Joy , Chen Hope , Ravi Sowmya , Chang Jan-Kai , Lee KunHyuck , Wu Yixin , Lie Ferrona , Kang Youn J. , Kim Jong Uk , Chamorro Leonardo P. , Banks Anthony R. , Bharat Ankit , Jayaraman Arun , Xu Shuai , Rogers John A. 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Continuous measurements of health status can be used to guide the care of patients and to manage the spread of infectious diseases. Conventional monitoring systems cannot be deployed outside of hospital settings, and existing wearables cannot capture key respiratory biomarkers. This paper describes an automated wireless device and a data analysis approach that overcome these limitations, tailored for COVID-19 patients, frontline health care workers, and others at high risk. Vital signs and respiratory activity such as cough can reveal early signs of infection and quantitate responses to therapeutics. Long-term trials on COVID-19 patients in clinical and home settings demonstrate the translational value of this technology.
Identification of genetic variations associated with drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing systemic treatment
Authors: Luo Ruihan , Ge Chuang , Xiao Xiao , Song Jing , Miao Shiqi , Tang Yongyao , Lai Jiayi , Nian Weiqi , Song Fangzhou , Ran Longke 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by relatively rapid response to systemic treatments yet inevitable resistance and predisposed to distant metastasis. We thus aimed at performing sequencing analysis to determine genomic events and underlying mechanisms concerning drug resistance in NSCLC. We performed targeted sequencing of 40 medication-relevant genes on plasma samples from 98 NSCLC patients and analyzed impact of genetic alterations on clinical presentation as well as response to systemic treatments. Profiling of multi-omics data from 1024 NSCLC tissues in public datasets was carried out for comparison and validation of identified molecular events implicated in resistance. A genetic association of CYP2D6 deletion with drug resistance was identified through circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiling and response assessment. FCGR3A amplification was potentially involved in resistance to EGFR inhibitors. We further verified our findings in tissue samples and focused on potential resistance mechanisms, which uncovered that depleted CYP2D6 affected a set of genes involved in EMT, oncogenic signaling as well as inflammatory pathways. Tumor microenvironment analysis revealed that NSCLC with CYP2D6 loss manifested increased levels of immunomodulatory gene expressions, PD-L1 expression, relatively high mutational burden and lymphocyte infiltration. DNA methylation alterations were also found to be correlated with mRNA expressions and copy numbers of CYP2D6. Finally, MEK inhibitors were identified by CMap as the prospective therapeutic drugs for CYP2D6 deletion. These analyses identified novel resistance mechanisms to systemic NSCLC treatments and had significant implications for the development of new treatment strategies.
Anatomical predictors of mitral valve area reduction after the implantation of one MitraClip: the spot matter
Authors: Kassar M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
To avoid significant stenosis after edge-to-edge therapy of severe mitral regurgitation (MR) using MitraClip (MC), according to the EVEREST criteria, patients with a mitral valve area (MVA) &lt;4 cm2 should not be treated with this technique. Instead of basing the decision on only one parameter, the anatomical predictors of the reduction percentage should be defined. It is the purpose of this study

Methods
During the last two years interventions, volume of the MV were acquired by the guiding
echocardiographer and, using a dedicated 3-D software MVA before and after clipping were measured and the percentage of reduction calculated. Several baseline anatomical parameters were also evaluated: MV annulus surface and diameters, leaflets surface, percentage of fibrosed/calcified leaflet, tenting volume. The ratio between the two orifices after clipping was also calculated.

Results
During the study period, 120 patients were evaluated, 69 primary (PMR) and 51 secondary (SMR) mitral regurgitations. The mean reduction of the MVA after one MC was 53.6+/-8.5% with a range of 25-69% and there was no difference when SMR were compared with PMR. Of all the structural parameters that we correlated with the percentage of MVA reduction, the ratio between the two orifices created after the MC implantation was the only one statistically linked. The relation is U-shaped with a maximal MVA reduction for a ratio of the orifices of about 3/5 (figure 1). The correlation was even better for the PMR cases (figure 2).

Conclusions
The range of MVA reduction following the implantation of one MC is very variable and the only predictor of the percentage of MVA reduction we found was the spot of implantation. Abstract Figure.
Association of ADRB2 gene polymorphism with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chernova A , Nikulina SY , Kuznecova OO 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University

Aim
To evaluate the Association of rs1042713 polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene with dilated idiopathic cardiomyopathy (DCMP) and myocardial dilation of ischemic origin (DMI).

Subjects and methods
The study included patients with ICMP and DMI in the number of 221 people. The average age of the subjects was in the range of 55.30 ± 9.69 years.
We divided the patients into 2 groups: the first – patients diagnosed with idiopathic dilatation cardiomyopathy and the second-patients with myocardial dilatation of ichemic origin. The number of patients in the first group was 111, including 99 men (89.2%) and 12 women (10.8%). The average age of patients in this group is 51.73 ± 9.74 years, in men 51.00 ± 8.96 years, in women 57.75 ± 3.71 years.
The second group included patients with myocardial dilatation of ischemic origin. Their number is 110 people, including 100 men (91.5%) and 10 women (8.5%). The average age of respondents is 58.68 ± 8.38 years, for men 58.29 ± 8.46 years, for women 62.90 ± 6.29 years.
The control group included patients who had no manifestations of cardiovascular diseases. Their number is 121 people (average age 53.6 ± 4.8 years).
The patients underwent laboratory and instrumental studies, as well as molecular and genetic studies of the 16 AG polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene (rs1042713). All patients underwent coronary angiography. Based on the anamnesis data and instrumental studies, those patients who could be said to have no risk factors for the development of dilatation of the heart cavities were identified in the first group. And those patients who were reliably diagnosed with CHD were in the second group, that is, dilatation of the heart cavities is due to a previous myocardial infarction, existing angina pectoris.

Results
In the group with DCMP 10.8% of patients were carriers of the common homozygous 16AA genotype, the heterozygous 16AG genotype-48.6%, and the rare homozygous 16GG genotype-40.5%. In the control group 11.8% of patients were identified as carriers of a homozygous genotype by a common allele, and 47.5% were carriers heterozygous genotype, and homozygous genotype for a rare allele – 40.7%. The analysis non revealed a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of carrying the homozygous 16GG genotype in patients with DCMP compared to the control group of the rs1042713 polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene. In the group with DM IG, there was no association with the rs1042713 polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene.

Conclusion
A statistically significant association of rs1042713 of the ADRB2 gene with DCMP was not found. The association of DMI c rs1042713 could not be confirmed.
Effect of adding hydrochlorothiazide to usual treatment of patients with acute decompensated heart failure: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Piardi D , Butzke M , Mazzuca ACM , Gomes BS , Alves SG , Kotzian BJ , Ghisleni EC , Giaretta V , Bellaver P , Varaschin GA , Garbin AP , Beck-Da-Silva L 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is the leading cause of hospitalization in patients aged 65 years or older, and most of them present with congestion. The use of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) may increase the response to loop diuretics. Objective: To evaluate the effect of adding HCTZ to furosemide on congestion and symptoms in patients with ADHF. Methods: This randomized clinical trial compared HCTZ 50 mg versus placebo for 3 days in patients with ADHF and signs of congestion. The primary outcome of the study was daily weight reduction. Secondary outcomes were change in creatinine, need for vasoactive drugs, change in natriuretic peptides, congestion score, dyspnea, thirst, and length of stay. Results: Fifty-one patients were randomized — 26 to the HCTZ group and 25 to the placebo group. There was a trend towards additional weight reduction in the HCTZ group (HCTZ: -1.78 ± 1.08 kg/day vs placebo: -1.05 ± 1.51 kg/day; p = 0.062). In post hoc analysis, the HCTZ group demonstrated significant weight reduction for every 40 mg of intravenous furosemide (HCTZ: -0.74 ± 0.47 kg/40 mg vs placebo: -0.33 ± 0.80 kg/40 mg; p = 0.032) - figure. There was a trend to increase in creatinine in the HCTZ group (HCTZ: 0.50 ± 0.37 vs placebo: 0.27 ± 0.40; p = 0.05) but no significant difference in onset of acute renal failure (HCTZ: 58% vs placebo: 41%; p = 0.38). No differences were found in the remaining outcomes - table. Conclusion: There was a trend towards greater daily weight reduction in the HCTZ group. In analysis adjusted to the dose of intravenous furosemide, adding HCTZ 50 mg to furosemide resulted in a synergistic effect on weight loss. Study outcomesOutcomeHCTZPlacebop-valuePrimaryWeight change/day-1.78 ± 1.08-1.05 ± 1.510.062SecondaryLength of stay (days)9 ± 88 ± 90.37Change in creatinine (mg/dL)0.50 ± 0.370.27 ± 0.400.05Need for vasoactive drugs (%)19.212.00.70Congestion score-5.4 ± 4.6-4.8 ± 4.60.68Change in dyspnea scale-4.7 ± 2.7-3.2 ± 3.60.14Thirst scale-1.7 ± 4.50.5 ± 3.80.21Change in natriuretic peptides (%)-11.1 ± 100.3-33.3 ± 50.90.83Plus–minus values are means ± standard deviation.Abstract Figure. Diuretic response
Effects of levosimendan in patients with acute heart failure and cardiorenal syndrome
Authors: Ribeiro Da Silva M , Santos Silva G , Caeiro D , Passos Silva M , Guerreiro C , Teixeira P , Ribeiro Queiros P , Brandao M , Ferreira D , Sousa O , Dias A , Rodrigues A , Braga P 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is common in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) and is associated with poor prognosis. Levosimendan (LVS) is an inodilator used in AHF and has beneficial effects on renal function (RF). However, its effects on RF in CRS patients are not established.

Purpose
To evaluate whether LVS could improve RF in AHF patients with or without CRS.

Methods
Retrospective study that included patients with AHF treated with LVS in a cardiac intensive care unit of a tertiary center, between January 2015 and June 2018. Baseline serum creatinine (SCr) was recorded and SCr and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were accessed before and within 5 days after LSV use. CRS was defined as an increase in SCr &gt; 0,3 mg/dL over baseline (before LVS use). RF improvement was defined as a decrease in SCr after LVS use. We evaluate outcomes at 1-year.

Results
61 patients were included, 84% males, mean age 65 years, ejection fraction ≤40% in 87%. INTERMACS 4 and hemodynamic profile C were the most frequent presentation. LSV was administered in 24h, without bolus, in most patients.
CRS was present in 44,3% of patients. Basal characteristics were similar between CRS and no-CRS patients, including prevalence of chronic kidney disease, baseline SCr or natriuretic peptides (p&gt; 0,05 for all).
CRS patients had a significant improvement in RF after LVS use (SCr 2,08 to 1,65 mg/dL, p&lt; 0,001 and GFR 40,4 to 54,6 mL/min/m2, p&lt; 0,001), while no-CRS patients had no significant improvement in RF (SCr 1,33 to 1,32 mg/dL and GFR 64,1 to 64,5 mL/min/m2, p&gt; 0,05 for all). Also, there was a significant decrease in natriuretic peptides after LVS in CRS patients (NT-proBNP 13527,5 to 10708,8 pg/mL, p= 0,006), without significant differences in no-CRS patients.
It is noteworthy that at discharge, CRS patients were more likely to titrate HF optimal medical therapy (OMT) compared with no-CRS patients (p= 0,039). There was a lower tendency to suspend angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE-I) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) in CRS patients (p= 0,05).
At discharge CRS patients received more furosemide than at admission (77,2 mg/day to 97,1 mg/day, p= 0,019) compared with no-CRS patients (89,6 mg/day to 97,0 mg/day, p= 0,469), receiving similar doses at discharge.
In CRS patients, RF improvement was associated with a decrease in intra-hospital mortality (p= 0,043) and a tendency to decrease 30-day mortality (p= 0,060), but without differences in one-year mortality.

Conclusion
In CRS patients, LVS improved RF and NT-proBNP, allowed to titrate OMT and decreased the need to suspend ACE-I or ARB and was associated to a decrease in short-term mortality.