bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiolytic effects of a galacto-oligosaccharides prebiotic in healthy females (18–25 years) with corresponding changes in gut bacterial composition
Authors: Johnstone Nicola , Milesi Chiara , Burn Olivia , van den Bogert Bartholomeus , Nauta Arjen , Hart Kathryn , Sowden Paul , Burnet Philip W. J. , Cohen Kadosh Kathrin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCurrent research implicates pre- and probiotic supplementation as a potential tool for improving symptomology in physical and mental ailments, which makes it an attractive concept for clinicians and consumers alike. Here we focus on the transitional period of late adolescence and early adulthood during which effective interventions, such as nutritional supplementation to influence the gut microbiota, have the potential to offset health-related costs in later life. We examined multiple indices of mood and well-being in 64 healthy females in a 4-week double blind, placebo controlled galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) prebiotic supplement intervention and obtained stool samples at baseline and follow-up for gut microbiota sequencing and analyses. We report effects of the GOS intervention on self-reported high trait anxiety, attentional bias, and bacterial abundance, suggesting that dietary supplementation with a GOS prebiotic may improve indices of pre-clinical anxiety. Gut microbiota research has captured the imagination of the scientific and lay community alike, yet we are now at a stage where this early enthusiasm will need to be met with rigorous research in humans. Our work makes an important contribution to this effort by combining a psychobiotic intervention in a human sample with comprehensive behavioural and gut microbiota measures.
The impact of rare and low-frequency genetic variants in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)
Authors: Bisgin Atil , Sonmezler Ozge , Boga Ibrahim , Yilmaz Mustafa 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNext Generation Sequencing (NGS) has uncovered hundreds of common and rare genetic variants involved in complex and rare diseases including immune deficiencies in both an autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant pattern. These rare variants however, cannot be classified clinically, and common variants only marginally contribute to disease susceptibility. In this study, we evaluated the multi-gene panel results of Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) patients and argue that rare variants located in different genes play a more prominent role in disease susceptibility and/or etiology. We performed NGS on DNA extracted from the peripheral blood leukocytes from 103 patients using a panel of 19 CVID-related genes: CARD11, CD19, CD81, ICOS, CTLA4, CXCR4, GATA2, CR2, IRF2BP2, MOGS, MS4A1, NFKB1, NFKB2, PLCG2, TNFRSF13B, TNFRSF13C, TNFSF12, TRNT1 and TTC37. Detected variants were evaluated and classified based on their impact, pathogenicity classification and population frequency as well as the frequency within our study group. NGS revealed 112 different (a total of 227) variants with under 10% population frequency in 103 patients of which 22(19.6%) were classified as benign, 29(25.9%) were classified as likely benign, 4(3.6%) were classified as likely pathogenic and 2(1.8%) were classified as pathogenic. Moreover, 55(49.1%) of the variants were classified as variants of uncertain significance. We also observed different variant frequencies when compared to population frequency databases. Case–control data is not sufficient to unravel the genetic etiology of immune deficiencies. Thus, it is important to understand the incidence of co-occurrence of two or more rare variants to aid in illuminating their potential roles in the pathogenesis of immune deficiencies.
Entwicklung einer psychosozialen Online-Selbsthilfe für Krebspatienten: ein patientenorientierter Ansatz
Authors: Mayer Anna , Tsiouris Angeliki , Nölke Charlotte , Schwinn Tamara , Wiltink Jörg , Beutel Manfred E. , Zwerenz Rüdiger 
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Der Einbezug potenzieller Endnutzerinnen und -nutzer in den Entwicklungsprozess digitaler Interventionen ermöglicht, dass entwickelte Programme den Bedürfnissen, Anforderungen und Erwartungen der zukünftigen Nutzerinnen und Nutzer entsprechen, was sich wiederum positiv auf die Akzeptanz und Adhärenz auswirkt. In diesem Beitrag wird ein partizipativer Entwicklungsansatz für die patientennahe Gestaltung der psychoonkologischen Online-Selbsthilfe epos vorgestellt, welche Unterstützung im Umgang mit seelischen und körperlichen Beschwerden bieten soll.
Methodik Patientinnen und Patienten wurden an 2 Stellen in den Entwicklungsprozess einbezogen. Zu einem frühen Zeitpunkt der Entwicklung wurden halbstandardisierte Tiefeninterviews mit Betroffenen unterschiedlicher Krebsarten (N=10) durchgeführt und qualitativ hinsichtlich ihrer Sicht auf (1) die Krebserkrankung und (2) die Ausgestaltung einer Online-Selbsthilfe auf inhaltlicher, struktureller und gestalterischer Ebene ausgewertet. Zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt wurde ein Prototyp der Online-Selbsthilfe in einer Pilotphase evaluiert.
Ergebnisse Die inhaltsanalytische Auswertung der Interviews mit insgesamt N=742 Codierungen ergab fünf inhaltliche Hauptkategorien (Veränderungen im Alltags- und Zukunftserleben, Veränderungen der sozialen Beziehungen, Verarbeitungsmechanismen, Kontrollverlust, schwierige Emotionen), die Aufschluss über die zentralen Herausforderungen und Belastungen der Betroffenen geben. Besonders starke Emotionen zeigten die Interviewten bei Themen, die den zwischenmenschlichen Bereich betrafen, sodass in der Online-Selbsthilfe zusätzlich zum emotionsbasierten Fokus auch ein Schwerpunkt auf soziale Beziehungen gelegt wurde. Strukturelle und gestalterische Implikationen für die Entwicklung bezogen sich vor allem auf Übersichtlichkeit und Nutzerfreundlichkeit. Die Pilotphase ermöglichte die Überprüfung, ob die vorab durch die Betroffenen beschriebenen Anforderungen an eine Online-Selbsthilfe erfüllt wurden.
Schlussfolgerung Der Einbezug von Patientinnen und Patienten in den Entwicklungsprozess der digitalen Online-Selbsthilfe epos konnte Hinweise für die Ausgestaltung auf verschiedenen Ebenen geben. Mögliche Endnutzerinnen und -nutzer in mehreren Entwicklungsphasen einzubeziehen kann sicherstellen, dass die Anforderungen und Anregungen nicht nur aus Sicht der Entwicklerinnen und Entwickler, sondern auch aus Sicht der späteren Nutzerinnen und Nutzer ausreichend berücksichtigt wurden. Diese Erkenntnisse bestätigen die Bedeutsamkeit einer patientenorientierten Herangehensweise bei der Entwicklung digitaler Angebote.
Postprocessing Imaging Techniques of the Computed Tomography Angiography in Trauma Patients for Preprocedural Planning
Authors: Sutphin Patrick D. , Baliyan Vinit 
Published: April 2021

AbstractComputed tomography provides a wealth of diagnostic information in the trauma patient including the presence of organ, bone, and vasculature injuries for the rapid triage of trauma patients. In the context of interventional radiology, appropriately protocoled studies can be reviewed for vascular injury and help focus the angiographic assessment of bleeding patients to ideally achieve earlier hemostasis. This article outlines various image-processing techniques such as multiplanar reformats, curved planar reformats, maximum intensity projections, and volume rendering to identify and more thoroughly characterize vascular injuries as a preprocedural planning tool to expedite endovascular hemostasis in a case-based format.
Caudal Extension Graft of the Lower Lateral Cartilage: Technique and Aesthetic and Functional Results
Authors: Sales Juliano de Oliveira , Gubisch Wolfgang , Duarte Rodrigo Ribeiro Ferreira , Moreno Aline Souza Costa Teixeira , Oliveira Felipe Marques de , Coura Lorena Martins de Oliveira 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHere we describe a new technique to deal with alar retraction, a highly undesirable imperfection of the nose. The procedure involves placing a caudal extension graft below the vestibular portion of the lower lateral cartilage (LLC) after its detachment from the vestibular skin. The graft is fixed to the cartilage and, subsequently, to the vestibular tissue. The present retrospective study included 20 patients, 11 females and 9 males, with a mean age of 28.90 years. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 18 months. Surgery improved alar notching to a smoother dome shape and nostril exposure was reduced in every patient. The caudal extension graft of the LLC contributed to rise in overall patient satisfaction, as revealed by the postoperative increase of the Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE) mean score from 40.0 to 79.17 (p < 0.0001). It also contributed to and improved functional outcomes, as indicated by the decrease of the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) mean score from 52.75 to 13.25 (p = 0.0001). Sex did not affect the mean ROE and NOSE scores. Thus, increased patient satisfaction measured by the ROE is present in both sexes and at both age groups but it is better detected in the first year after surgery. Functional improvements analyzed with NOSE are best detected in patients aged ≥ 30 years and in follow-ups of 11 months. The caudal extension graft of the LLC technique described herein effectively and safely corrects alar retraction and the collapse of the nasal valve while filling the soft triangle.
Soft Tissue Trauma to the Nose: Management and Special Considerations
Authors: Basa Krystyne , Ezzat Waleed H. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe nose is one of the most common sites of facial injury due to its prominence and anatomical placement. Given its intricate anatomy, function, and high visibility, it also proves to be one of the most complex regions for repair. We provide a review of the management of soft tissue injuries to the nose, including the various reconstructive tools available and adjunctive wound care measures. We also discuss special considerations based on mechanism of injury and treatment of this condition in the pediatric population. The main goals of reconstruction should be to preserve function while achieving optimal cosmetic results in this highly visible region of the face.
Uptake of an Integrated Electronic Questionnaire System in Community Pediatric Clinics
Authors: Hanmer Janel , Ray Kristin N. , McCracken Polly , Ferrante Lorraine , Wardlaw Sharon , Fleischman Lauren , Wolfson David 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective The study aimed to evaluate an integrated electronic questionnaire system implementation in outpatient community pediatric practices on workflow, completion rates, and recorded scores.
Methods We evaluated the implementation and outcomes of an integrated electronic questionnaire system at 45 community pediatric practices that used standardized questionnaires to screen for autism, depression, and substance use and to measure asthma control. Electronic health record (EHR) data for all well child visits were extracted for the 3 months before and after implementation. We used statistical process control charts to evaluate questionnaire completion rates and Chi-square tests to evaluate screening completion and positive screening rates. The collection and entry of questionnaire information was observed and timed.
Results EHR data included 107,120 encounters across 45 practices that showed significant and sustained improvement in completion rates for all questionnaires. The rate of recorded concerning questionnaires decreased for asthma control (19.3 vs. 12.8%, p < 0.001), stayed the same for autism (96.6 vs. 96.2%, p = 0.38), decreased for depression (9.5 vs. 6.7%, p ≤ 0.001), and increased for any substance use (9.8 vs. 12.8%, p < 0.001). Twelve practices were observed, and patient time and staff time managing questionnaires were decreased after implementation.
Discussion Electronic questionnaire administration saved staff time and patient time. We report overall improvement in questionnaire completion rates, with notable variation in improvement in completion across practices and in change in concerning recorded result rates across measures.
Conclusion Conversion of four standard paper questionnaires to an integrated electronic system reduces patient and staff time while increasing completion rates when well integrated into routine care.
Shedding light on 19th century spectra by analyzing Lippmann photography
Authors: Baechler Gilles , Latty Arnaud , Pacholska Michalina , Vetterli Martin , Scholefield Adam 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Gabriel Lippmann won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physics for his method of reproducing colors in photography. Despite the significance of this result, there are still misconceptions regarding the approach. We provide a complete end-to-end analysis of the process and show, both theoretically and experimentally, how the spectrum reflected from a Lippmann plate is not the same as the exposing spectrum. In addition, we demonstrate that, given the spectrum reflected from a Lippmann plate, together with the plate’s color absorption properties, the original exposing spectrum can be algorithmically recovered.
Facilitative use of grammatical gender in Heritage Spanish
Authors: Fuchs Zuzanna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an eye-tracking study using the Visual World Paradigm that tests whether participants are able to access gender information on definite articles and deploy it to facilitate lexical retrieval of subsequent nouns. A comparison of heritage speakers of Spanish with control monolingual speakers of Spanish suggests that the heritage speakers’ performance on this task is qualitatively similar to that of the baseline. This suggests that, despite non-target-like performance in offline tasks targeting gender production and comprehension, heritage speakers of Spanish can use gender in a target-like manner in online tasks. In line with proposals put forth by Grüter et al. (2012) and Montrul et al. (2014), a preliminary comparison with previous work on L2 learners (Lew-Williams & Fernald, 2010; Grüter et al., 2012; Dussias et al., 2013) provides tentative support for the idea that the nature of early language learning is crucial in developing the ability to use grammatical gender to facilitate lexical retrieval (Grüter et al., 2012; Montrul et al., 2014).
Variation and stability of American Norwegian /r/ in contact
Authors: Natvig David 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSound patterns in heritage languages are often highly variable, potentially with influences from majority languages. Yet, the core phonological system of the heritage language tends to remain stable. This article considers variation in the phonetic and phonological patterns of /r/ in American Norwegian heritage language speakers from neighboring communities in western Wisconsin, in the Upper Midwestern United States. Drawing on acoustic data from speakers born between 1879 and 1957, I examine the distribution of four rhotic allophones, including an English-like approximant, over time. These data reveal an increase of approximants that is structured within the Norwegian phonological system and its processes. Furthermore, analyzing these changes with the proposed modular framework provides clarity for how heritage language sound systems do and do not change under contact and contributes to our understanding of the asymmetric phonetic and phonological heritage language patterns.
Papuana huebneri (taro beetle).
Authors: Whittaker Angela 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Papuana huebneri is one of at least 19 species of known taro beetles native to the Indo-Pacific region; it is native to Papua New Guinea, the Molucca Islands in Indonesia, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, and has been introduced to Kiribati. Taro (Colocasia esculenta) is an important crop in these countries; high infestations of P. huebneri can completely destroy taro corms, and low infestations can reduce their marketability. The beetle also attacks swamp taro or babai (Cyrtosperma chamissonis [Cyrtosperma merkusii]), which is grown for consumption on ceremonial occasions. Infestations of taro beetles, including P. huebneri, have led to the abandonment of taro and swamp taro pits in the Solomon Islands and Kiribati, resulting in the loss of genetic diversity of these crops and undermining cultural traditions. P. huebneri also attacks a variety of other plants, although usually less seriously. Management today relies on an integrated pest management strategy, combining cultural control measures with the use of insecticides and the fungal pathogen Metarhizium anisopliae.
A deterministic-statistical approach to reconstruct moving sources using sparse partial data
Authors: Liu Yanfang , Guo Yukun , Sun Jiguang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We consider the reconstruction of moving sources using partial measured data. A two-step deterministic-statistical approach is proposed. In the first step, an approximate direct sampling method is developed to obtain the locations of the sources at different times. Such information is coded in the priors, which is critical for the success of the Bayesian method in the second step. The well-posedness of the posterior measure is analyzed in the sense of the Hellinger distance. Both steps are based on the same physical model and use the same set of measured data. The combined approach inherits the merits of the deterministic method and Bayesian inversion as demonstrated by the numerical examples.
Field-enhanced polarization in polytype ferric oxides: confronting anisotropy in dielectric ellipsoid dispersion
Authors: Bhattacharjee Souvik , Banerjee Anibrata , Chattopadhyay Kalyan Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
An analytic dielectric introspection in two cardinal ferric oxide polymorphs, viz. hematite and maghemite, is conducted using a three-fold line of direction. Firstly, dc field-dependent radio/audio-frequency impedance and dielectric spectra of polycrystalline MIM pellets, comprising near-stoichiometric (meticulously characterized)

α
,
γ
−

Fe2O3 nanoparticles, are analysed by employing the Cole–Davidson model, Jonscher’s power law and equivalent circuitry to quantify non-Debye dipolar relaxations, small polaron hopping conduction, grain core–boundary resistivity correlations and field-driven delocalization/de-trapping of carriers. Bias-tuned low-frequency enhancement of the dielectric constant by augmenting Maxwell–Wagner polarization is demonstrated for both samples, a prerequisite for conquering classical energy-storage bottleneck. Secondly, the optical dielectric function and associated parameters are evaluated under a density functional theory + U framework, to physically designate particular resonant absorption, dissipation, electronic polarization and decay. In doing so, a new crystallographically consistent and energetically stable vacancy-ordered maghemite-type supercell is constructed to accomplish reasonable computational cost. Thirdly, intrinsic anisotropy in materials sensitive to photonic excitations is videographed by simulating energy-dispersive evolution of the quadric surface to project real/imaginary dielectric tensors. The authors anticipate that this intensive technique will pictorially demonstrate anisotropic deviations in the dielectric ellipsoid, fostering materials physics over linear and nonlinear dielectrics.
Embedded split-step methods optimized with a step size control for solving the femtosecond pulse propagation problem in the nonlinear fiber optics formalism
Authors: Ibarra-Villalon H E , Pottiez O , Gómez-Vieyra A , Lauterio-Cruz J P , Bracamontes-Rodriguez Y E 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present the suitability of two optimized split-step methods for validating the femtosecond pulse propagation problem in the nonlinear fiber optics formalism that is governed by an extended nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In particular, the embedded split-step Fourier method (embedded-SSFM) and the embedded symmetrized split-step Fourier method (embedded-SymSSFM), which are optimized by the implementation of a step size control algorithm, are tested in terms of the femtosecond soliton fission phenomenology to analyze the numerical stability. As a result, it is possible to validate that these numerical methods introduce the appropriate resolution as function of the accuracy order that is needed at different stages of the soliton fission dynamics, which involves very large spectral shifts driven by the interaction between the nonlinear response and the high-order dispersion contribution of the optical fiber. Thus, the presented numerical methods can be used to validate accurately complex processes such as the development of supercontinuum spectra in the current formalism.
3D Bio-convective nanofluid Bödewadt slip flow comprising gyrotactic microorganisms over a stretched stationary disk with modified Fourier law
Authors: Zhou Shuang-Shuang , Ramzan Muhammad , Howari Fares , Kadry Seifedine , Chu Yu-Ming , Malik M Y 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The renowned Bödewadt flow problem is considered here for the case of Bio-convective nanofluid flow encompassing gyrotactic microorganisms over a stationary disk. The flow is initiated owing to the rotation of water-based nanofluid which is at a large distance from an immovable disk. The analysis is performed with modified Fourier law in a Darcy-Forchheimer spongy media accompanied by slip and zero mass flux conditions at the surface. The subject Bödewadt nanofluid flow is considered with gyrotactic microorganisms and Cattaneo-Christov (C-C) heat flux effects for the first time. Conformist Von Kármán relations are affianced to attain a similar governing system of differential equations. An efficient MATLAB software-based numerical scheme bvp4c is employed to address the envisaged novel mathematical model. An outstanding synchronization is achieved when a comparative statement is formulated in a limiting case. Outcomes of the proclaimed parameters versus involved distributions are discussed with logical reasoning. It is comprehended that the microorganism density boundary layer is prominent for higher values of the Peclet number. Furthermore, it is remarked that the fluid temperature is diminished for significant values of the thermal relaxation time.
An axially symmetric spacetime with causality violation
Authors: Hazarika Bidyut Bikash 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present an axially symmetric spacetime which contains closed timelike curves, and hence violates the causality condition. The metric belongs to type III in the Petrov classification scheme with vanishing expansion, shear and twist. The matter-energy represents a pure radiation field with a negative cosmological constant. The spacetime is asymptotically anti-de Sitter space in the radial direction.