bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate Measurement of Surface Areas of Anatomical Structures Including Areas with an Irregular Relief: a Modern Solution to the Problem
Authors: Воробьев A. A. , Makedonova Yu. A. , Solov'ev A. O. , D'yachenko D. Yu. , Bagrii E. G. , Ageeva Yu. V. , Gritsenko I. A. 
Published: January 2021

Relevance. The currently available methods for measuring anatomical areas with irregular relief do not claim to be accurate and easy to use.The aim of the study was to develop a method for measuring the surface area of an anatomical region (substructure) with an irregular relief.Material and methods. There was developed an option to measure the surface area of an anatomical region (substructure) with a complex relief in patients with pathology of the maxillofacial region and perineum using realistic 3D modeling.Results. The principle of the developed method is that, firstly, it is necessary to determine the patient's "zone of interest", where it is planned to measure the surface area; after that, digital photographs of the defined area are taken to obtain a sufficient number of images from the maximum number of available angles using a template with predefined dimensions for scaling. Then the obtained photographs are processed in the program for the 3D model reconstruction, and a realistic 3D model that correctly repeats the relief of the "zone of interest" and guarantees measurements of the surface area taking into account all its individual features is obtained. The method has been tested in obstetrics and gynecology, dentistry, maxillofacial surgery.Conclusion. This technique has been proved to be simple, accessible, fast, highly accurate in measuring the area of anatomical regions with complex relief. At the same time, the investigated object does not need fixation and prolonged immobility. A digital optical device is used contactless, the fact being significant in situations where it is necessary to comply with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis.
Clinical results of Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum in different age groups
Authors: AKKUŞ Murat , APAYDIN Tuba 
Published: January 2021

Aim: In 1998, Donald Nuss suggested the insertion of a metal bar behind the sternum for pectus excavatum as a minimally invasive technique. However, data regarding the relation between the age of the patient and clinical results of repair is limited. Aim of this study is to compare the clinical results of Nuss surgery for pectus excavatum in different age groups, to point out the optimal range of age for this procedure.
Material and Methods: From February 2012 to January 2020, data regarding 140 patients have been treated with Nuss surgery. We classified patients into three groups: patients younger than 15 years (group A), patients between 15 and 20 years (group B); and patients older than 20 years up to 40 years (group C) retrospectively. We evaluated patients' demographics, and compared results of surgery, duration of hospitalization and complication rates.
Results: One hundred ten patients were male and 30 were female. Male patients, clinical symptomatic patients with dyspnea in the preoperative period were seen more frequently in patients with older age, and each were statistically significant (p:0.003). In the early 30-day postoperative period, no mortality was observed. The most frequent postoperative complications were observed in group C (40,9%), followed by group B (18,2%) and group A (9,6%)(p:0.007). In logistic regression analysis, postoperative complications increased significantly in patients older than 20 years (p:0.003). Brace therapy was performed for 2 cases in Group A for recurrence after bar removal which occurred in adolescant period.
Conclusion: Nuss procedure can be recommended with low complication rates, short term hospitalization and high grade of success. Although the childhood period seems to be more suitable regarding the complications, surgery can be preferred with low recurrence rates in adolescant period.
Challenges and prospects for developing genetic resistance in common wheat against stem rust in Western Siberia
Authors: Kelbin V. N. , Skolotneva E. S. , Salina E. A. 
Published: January 2021

Current studies on bread wheat resistance to stem rust have two main subjects: complex analysis for resistance of bread wheat germplasm using molecular markers, field screening and laboratory tests against samples of different fungal populations, and searching for sources and donors of new genes and gene loci, including cultivated and wild relatives of wheat. To achieve adequate genetic control of the disease, an integral approach is important, incorporating both data on sources of resistance and relevant information on pathogenic populations existing in the region, their race composition and dynamics of virulence genes. The analysis of experimental data on field screening of bread wheat varieties from the CIMMYT nursery germplasm for stem rust resistance in the Omsk and Novosibirsk regions, together with laboratory testing of infection samples on the international set of wheat differential lines, suggests that a separate “Asian” population of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici exists in Western Siberia and the Altai Territory. Wheat resistance genes Sr2, Sr6Ai#2, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, Sr39, Sr40, Sr44, and Sr57 are of practical interest for advanced wheat breeding programs for stem rust immunity in Western Siberia. This review provides an analysis of the gene sources that remain effective against the West Siberian population of P. graminis, in order to facilitate the initial stage of selection of breeding material to develop a stable genotype by gene pyramiding. The basic requirements for conducting a phytopathological test of breeding material are presented. A list of molecular markers for the mentioned resistance genes, both widely used in marker-assisted selection and requiring verification, has been compiled.
Evaluation of various RNA-seq approaches for identification of gene outrons in the flatworm Opisthorchis felineus
Authors: Ershov N. I. , Maslov D. E. , Bondar N. P. 
Published: January 2021

The parasitic flatworm Opisthorchis felineus is one of the causative agents of opisthorchiasis in humans. Recently, we assembled the O. felineus genome, but the correct genome annotation by means of standard methods was hampered by the presence of spliced leader trans-splicing (SLTS). As a result of SLTS, the original 5’-end (outron) of the transcripts is replaced by a short spliced leader sequence donated from a specialized SL RNA. SLTS is involved in the RNA processing of more than half of O. felineus genes, making it hard to determine the structure of outrons and bona fide transcription start sites of the corresponding genes and operons, being based solely on mRNA-seq data. In the current study, we tested various experimental approaches for identifying the sequences of outrons in O. felineus using massive parallel sequencing. Two of them were developed by us for targeted sequencing of already processed branched outrons. One was based on sequence-specific reverse transcription from the SL intron toward the 5’-end of the Y-branched outron. The other used outron hybridization with an immobilized single-stranded DNA probe complementary to the SL intron. Additionally, two approaches to the sequencing of rRNA-depleted total RNA were used, allowing the identification of a wider range of transcripts compared to mRNAseq. One is based on the enzymatic elimination of overrepresented cDNAs, the other utilizes exonucleolytic degradation of uncapped RNA by Terminator enzyme. By using the outron-targeting methods, we were not able to obtain the enrichment of RNA preparations by processed outrons, which is most likely indicative of a rapid turnover of these trans-splicing intermediate products. Of the two rRNA depletion methods, a method based on the enzymatic normalization of cDNA (Zymo-Seq RiboFree) showed high efficiency. Compared to mRNA-seq, it provides an approximately twofold increase in the fraction of reads originating from outrons and introns. The results suggest that unprocessed nascent transcripts are the main source of outron sequences in the RNA pool of O. felineus.
¿Todos los partidos?: partidos ilegales y las elecciones de 1977
Authors: Senent Sansegundo Juan Carlos 
Published: January 2021

Las elecciones de 1977 fueron las primeras elecciones democráticas que se celebraban en España desde febrero 1936. Pero en ellas, no todos los partidos políticos fueron legales. Tratamos de responder a algunas preguntas que nos hemos hecho: ¿Por qué no fueron legalizados? ¿De qué partidos políticos de trata? ¿No pudieron presentarse a las elecciones? Nos adentramos en esta cuestión, poco tratada en la historiografía especializada y que supone una situación anómala en el proceso de cambio político que se estaba llevando a cabo en aquellos años en España, a través, sobre todo, de fuentes hemerográficas, aunque también de archivo y con la consulta de la bibliografía necesaria, para responder a las cuestiones planteadas.
Accurate radial basis functions technique for competitive and efficient solutions of non-linear Black-Scholes equations
Authors: Pinto Marques Vinícius Magalhães , Santos Gisele Tessari , Fortes Mauri 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTObjective: This article aims to solve the non-linear Black Scholes (BS) equation for European call options using Radial Basis Function (RBF) Multi-Quadratic (MQ) Method.Methodology / Approach: This work uses the MQ RBF method applied to the solution of two complex models of nonlinear BS equation for prices of European call options with modified volatility. Linear BS models are also solved to visualize the effects of modified volatility. Additionally, an adaptive scheme is implemented in time based on the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) method.
Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Integral Operator with the Modelling of Majorant Function
Authors: Hameed Hameed Husam , Al-Saedi Hayder M 
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the process for finding an approximate solution of nonlinear three-dimensional (3D) Volterra type integral operator equation (N3D-VIOE) in R3 is introduced. The modelling of the majorant function (MF) with the modified Newton method (MNM) is employed to convert N3D-VIOE to the linear 3D Volterra type integral operator equation (L3D-VIOE). The method of trapezoidal rule (TR) and collocation points are utilized to determine the approximate solution of L3D-VIOE by dealing with the linear form of the algebraic system. The existence of the approximate solution and its uniqueness are proved, and illustrative examples are provided to show the accuracy and efficiency of the model.
Mathematical Subject Classification (2010): 45P05, 45G10, 47H99
The Dominant Metric Dimension of Corona Product Graphs
Authors: Adirasari Rembulan Putri , Suprajitno Herry , Susilowati Liliek 
Published: January 2021

The metric dimension and dominating set are the concept of graph theory that can be developed in terms of the concept and its application in graph operations. One of some concepts in graph theory that combine these two concepts is resolving dominating number. In this paper, the definition of resolving dominating number is presented again as the term dominant metric dimension. The aims of this paper are to find the dominant metric dimension of some special graphs and corona product graphs of the connected graphs and , for some special graphs . The dominant metric dimension of is denoted by and the dominant metric dimension of corona product graph G and H is denoted by .
Child Perception Questionnaire in Iranian Elementary Schoolers: A Psychometric Study
Authors: Faghani Maryam , Mehdipour Aida , Akbari Elaheh , Amini-Tehrani Mohammadali , Armaki Atefeh Salehi , Lajevardi Seyed Mohammad Hossein , Ghazvinian Leila , Zamanian Hadi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Child perception questionnaire (CPQ) assessing the oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) of children is a widely-used instrument in the field. However, the instrument has not undergone validation and psychometric evaluation in Iranian population of children. The study aimed at examining the construct validity and testing the reliability of CPQ-16 in 7-12-year-old Persian-speaking elementary schoolers.Methods: From two main cities in 2018, Iran, 708 mother-child dyads were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Questionnaires were executed via interviewer-administered method. DMFT and dmft indexes were examined for divergent validity. Two built-in indexes of overall oral health (OOH) and overall well-being (OW) were used for concurrent validity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with Geomin rotation, Cronbach’s alpha, and Spearman’s correlation were executed. Results: Overall, 695 data entered the analysis. Children’ mean age was 9.72 (1.36) years. EFA indicated 11 items to compose three eligible factors, including oral problems, emotional problems, and social problems. Except for social well-being and emotional well-being, all OHQoL variables were correlated. CPQ-16, CPQ-11, and the subscales indicated significant relationships with overall oral health, except for social wellbeing. CPQ-11 compared to CPQ-16 showed a slightly higher correlation with OOH index. Only CPQ-11 and emotional well-being indicated significant associations with OW index. Whereas only emotional well-being indicated high DMFT, the CPQ-16, CPQ-11 and oral problems were associated with dmft. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.66. Conclusions: Further research on clinical sample is needed. Practitioners are suggested employing CPQ to multi-dimensionally examine the children’s’ oral health needs.
Risk Factors For Traumatic Open Fracture in Children and Adolescents Presenting With Traumatic Fractures
Authors: Wang Hongwei , Liu Jun , Wu Deluo , Ou Lan , Li Changqing , Yu Hailong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: To investigate the risk factors for open fractures in children and adolescents (≤18 years old) presenting with traumatic fractures.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 2418 children and adolescents who presented with traumatic fractures and were admitted to our university-affiliated hospitals, among which 206 patients (8.5%) presented with open fractures.Results: This study enrolled 1789 males (74.0%) and 629 females (26.0%) with an average age of 11.2±5.0 years. There were 206 patients (8.5%) who presented with open fractures. The five most common fracture sites were the tibia (31.1%, 64/206), fibula (20.9%, 43/206), phalanx (15.5%, 32/206), humerus (11.2%, 23/206) and ulna (9.7%, 20/206). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the aetiology (P﹤0.001) and fracture site (P﹤0.001) were risk factors for open fracture. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that mechanical trauma (OR=64.229, P﹤0.001), being hurt/cut by others (OR=26.757, P﹤0.001), and being struck by an object (OR=15.345, P﹤0.001) were stronger risk factors for open fracture than were low falls; additionally, lower limb fractures (OR=5.970, P﹤0.001), upper limb fractures (OR=5.865, P﹤0.001) and multiple fractures (OR=5.414, P﹤0.001) were stronger risk factors than craniofacial fractures for open fractures.Conclusions: Aetiology (especially being injured by a machine or being hurt/cut by others) and the fracture site (including lower limb fractures, upper limb fractures and multiple fractures) were independent risk factors for open fractures.
Overexpression of Thermophilic α-amylase in Bacillus Licheniformis using a High Efficiency Chromosomal Integration and Amplification Strategy
Authors: Shen Peili , Niu Dandan , Liu Xuelian , Tian Kangming , Kugenthiren Permaul , Singh Suren , Wang Zhengxiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Highly efficient preparation of industrially important enzymes depends on development of the genetically stable and high-yield microbial cell factories, which is often a challengeable laboratory hard work. In aims to simplify strain development with high efficiency for enzyme overproduction, a new strategy based on chromosomal integration and amplification in Bacillus sp . was developed. A pair of plasmids, an integrated expression plasmid pUB'-Ex1 and a thermosensitive replicable plasmid pUB-MazF, were constructed. pUB'-Ex1 conditionally self-replicated in Bacillus sp . when the RepF in pUB-MazF expressed. pUB-MazF thermosensitively self-replicated in Bacillus sp . , which was easily cured from the host by inducing MazF expression with IPTG. Bacillus licheniformis BL-UBM that integrated with pUB-MazF was then transformed with pUB'-amyS derived from pUB'-Ex1 by in-frame cloning of amyS encoding a thermophilic α-amylase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 31195. The transformant of B. licheniformis BL-UBM with pUB'-amyS was cultivated at 42 o C with the existence of 1 mmol/l IPTG and 500 μg/ml kanamycin and the recombinants with high α-amylase activities were selected. All tested recombinants were extremely high genetic stability. One of which, recombinant BLiS-002, carried five copies of amyS and produced the highest yield of α-amylase. It could yield 50,753 U/ml of α-amylase in a 50-l bioreactor. The strategy developed in this study is of application potential for convenient and quick strain development for industrially important enzyme overexpression.
Effectiveness of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Primary and Salvage Fracture Care - Clinical and Radiological Outcome in Mid-term Follow-up in a Single-Center Experience
Authors: Schwarz Angelika , Hohenberger Gloria , Sauerschnig Martin , Niks Milan , Lipnik Georg , Mattiassich Georg , Zacherl Maximilian , Seibert Franz Josef , Plecko Michael 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background The introduction of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) as a treatment option in complex proximal humeral fractures, including patients with poor bone quality, has significantly extended the surgical armamentarium.The aim of this study was to investigate the mid-term outcome following fracture RSA (FRSA) in acute or sequelae, as well as salvage procedures. It was hypothesized that revision FRSA (SRSA) leads to similar mid-term results as primary fracture treatment by RSA (PRSA).Methods This retrospective case-series study describes the radiological and clinical mid-term outcome in a standardized single-center and one-material Inlay design. Patients who underwent FRSA between 2008 and 2017 were matched (minimum follow-up: two years, minimum age at the time of operation: 60 years).The assessment tools used for functional findings were range of motion (ROM), Visual Analogue Scale, absolute (CS) plus normative Constant Score, Quick DASH, and Subjective Shoulder Value. All adverse events and the radiological results and their clinical correlations were analyzed statistically (using α = 5% and 95% confidence intervals).Results Following FRSA, 68 patients were included (mean age: 72.5 years, mean FU: 46 months). Forty-two underwent primary RSA (PRSA), 26 revision RSA (SRSA). Adverse advents were observed in 13% (n = 9/68).No statistically significant results were found in PRSA and SRSA in effect sizes by scores, whereby the failed osteosynthesis SRSA subgroup obtained significantly negative values in ROM subzones (flexion: p = .046, abduction: p = .037). Decreased tubercle healings in PRSA relative to SRSA were observed (p = .006). A missing bony healing of the tubercles was related to significant negative clinical outcome (all scores: p < .05, external rotation: p = .019). In SRSA, significant postoperative improvements could be stated (CS: 23 to 56 at mean, p = .001), the time from index surgery to operative revision revealed no associations in functional findings.Conclusions RSA is an effective option in severe shoulder fracture management with predictable results as salvage as well as first-line treatment. Promising mid-term functional results, reasonable implant survival rates, and a high patient satisfaction could be achieved.Trial RegistrationNot applicable, level of evidence III.
The introduction of new technologies for out-patient care for tuberculosis patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Kravchenko A. F. , Prokopiev E. S. , Yakovleva L. P. , Lukina A. M. , Luginova E. F. , Val N. S. 
Published: January 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic in the Russian Federation associated with restrictions and quarantine, in order to ensure the quality and availability of tuberculosis medical care to the population of the Republic of Sakha, it became necessary to improve and search for new organizational forms of out-patient care.The objective of the study: to analyze the use of new technologies in out-patient care for tuberculosis patients in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) during the COVID-19 pandemic.Result: Scientific Practical Phthisiology Center introduced the following information and digital technologies to ensure the availability and quality of medical services to the population of the republic during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cloud Polyclinic, Telemedical Consultations, Radiological Information System of APK ArchiMed , Video-Controlled Treatment at Home, and Hospital at Home.All technologies have demonstrated their efficacy for remote medical consultations and contacting patients online. Based on practical experience, these technologies provided the following: improvement of medical care provided to the population through consultations, maintaining good contact with the patient, monitoring patients' well-being, and drug in-take. They assured compliance with general federal and regional anti-epidemic recommendations to prevent the spread of the new coronavirus infection.
Indicador de captación del programa de control de tuberculosis: reto del ente territorial frente a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: Martelo Salazar German , Bohorquez Moreno Cristina , Hernandez Escolar Jacqueline 
Published: January 2021

Teniendo en cuenta que la tuberculosis es una meta del tercer Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible, se propuso a través de un estudio transversal descriptivo, evaluar el estado del indicador de captación del programa de control de tuberculosis del departamento de Bolívar, se revisaron 334 fichas de notificación de 2016 a 2018, el porcentaje de captación fue menor al 80%, y solo se cumplió la meta de concentración de BK en el año 2017 con un promedio de 2,5%. Se concluye que no existe cumplimiento de la búsqueda de sintomáticos respiratorios, sin embargo, la concentración de baciloscopias reportó en el programa un mantenimiento adecuado.