bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing Rational Interfacial Bonds for Hierarchical Mineral‐Type Trogtalite with Double Carbon towards Ultra‐Fast Sodium‐Ions Storage Properties
Authors: Sun Wei , Zhao Wenqing , Yuan Shaohui , Zhang Liming , Yang Yue , Ge Peng , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEngineering advanced sodium‐ion storage materials with considerable kinetic behaviors have triggered a series of active explorations. However they still suffer from interfacial gaps and uncompleted redox reactions, bringing about poor rate abilities. Herein, through the strategy of salt‐fixed and thermochemical manners, the CoSe2/OC with interfacial chemical CoOC bonds are successfully prepared, displaying the reduced particles and optimized structural features. Meanwhile, from the analysis of long‐term phase changing curves and ex‐situ technologies, the CoSe2 would be decomposed into CoSe and Se phases but captured by the synergistic effect of their physical‐chemical evolutions, while the structure and new‐type are stabilized after cycling. Profiting from the “bridge” roles of bonds, the electrons are effectively accelerated with the deepening redox reactions. As expected, based on these advantages, the ultra‐fast abilities are reached about 346 mAh g−1 at 15.0 A g−1 after 3500 cycles, and their capacity of full‐cells are also kept at about 326 mAh g−1 (cathodes Na3V2(PO4)3@C vs anodes CoSe2/OC). The detailed analysis of kinetic behaviors strongly demonstrated that the increased interfacial charge storage and conductivities are crucial for promoting the ions‐storage abilities. Given this, the rational work is anticipated to provide significant strategies for advanced energy‐storage materials.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Dehydrative Amination of Sulfamate Esters Tethered to Allylic Alcohols: A Strategy for the Synthesis of Cyclic Sulfamidates
Authors: Park Yunjeong , Lee Ji Sun , Ryu Jae‐Sang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAn efficient synthesis protocol for cyclic sulfamidates has been developed via catalytic intramolecular cyclizations of sulfamate esters tethered to allylic alcohols. The reactions proceed smoothly at room temperature in the presence of (IPr)AuCl (5 mol%) and AgBF4 (5 mol%). This protocol features good to excellent yields, high selectivity, broad substrate scope, and mild reaction conditions. This method is also applicable to the synthesis of a seven‐membered sulfamidate.magnified image
Coal char effects on soil chemical properties and maize yields in semi‐arid region
Authors: Panday Dinesh , Mikha Maysoon M. , Sun Xiaocun , Maharjan Bijesh 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSoil amendments with high carbon (C) content can be effective in semi‐arid regions where soils are characterized by low C. A field study was conducted in 2016–2018 to evaluate the effect of char on soil chemical properties and irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) yields in sandy loam fertilized with urea or composted manure. Carbon‐rich char used was a product of coal combustion residue from a local factory in western Nebraska. The experiment was arranged in a split‐plot randomized complete block design in four replications with char (0, 6.7, 13.4, 20.1, and 26.8 Mg C ha−1) as main and N treatment (0, 90, 180, and 270 kg urea‐N ha−1 and 33.6 and 67.2 Mg ha−1 of composted manure) as subplot factors. A handheld spectral sensor was used to determine normalized difference red edge (NDRE) at growth stages (V6, V8, V10, and R1) in 2017 and 2018. After 2 yr, char increased Fe, reduced pH at lower rates, and increased K and Mg at higher rates in top 20 cm soil but did not affect crop yields. Char applied at ≥13.4 Mg C ha−1 increased soil organic C by ≥8% and composted manure increased soil P and K compared to the control. There was a strong correlation of NDRE with N rates and grain yields at V8 and V10. This study found no adverse effect of char on soil properties. However, more site‐specific research is needed before char can be used as a regular soil amendment in semi‐arid regions.
Wheat nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur uptake dynamics under different management practices
Authors: De Oliveira Silva Amanda , Jaenisch Brent R. , Ciampitti Ignacio A. , Lollato Romulo P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInformation is limited on the effect of intensified management on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) nutrient uptake dynamics. Our goal was to evaluate the effect of agronomic practices on wheat yield and uptake of N, P, K, and S by evaluating the (a) nutrient utilization and uptake at varying yield levels, (b) variation in nutrient concentration as function of biomass, and (c) plant nutritional status. The genotype ‘Everest’ was grown under standard (SM) and intensive (IM) management. Treatments (i.e., N, Cl, and S fertilizers, fungicide, plant density, and growth regulator) were individually added to the SM or removed from the IM controls. The IM control increased yield by as much as 0.9 Mg ha−1 and uptake of N, K, and S by 37, 30, and 60%, respectively, relative to the SM control, with no changes in P uptake. Fungicide was the main treatment limiting yield and nutrient uptake, and its removal from the IM control reduced yield by 1 Mg ha−1 and nutrient uptake in high disease‐pressure seasons. Across all treatments and nutrients, 20% of the uptake at maturity was accumulated by stem elongation, 50% at flag leaf, and 70% at heading. The IM control maintained higher shoot nutrient concentration relative to the SM control during the season, increasing nutrition indices for N and S, and indicating possible luxury uptake under IM. Intensification strategies may increase nutrient demand but it does not seem to affect the overall timing and rate of uptake during the season.
Agricultural data management and sharing: Best practices and case study
Authors: Moore Eli K. , Kriesberg Adam , Schroeder Steven , Geil Kerrie , Haugen Inga , Barford Carol , Johns Erica M. , Arthur Dan , Sheffield Megan , Ritchie Stephanie M. , Jackson Carolyn , Parr Cynthia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAgricultural data are crucial to many aspects of production, commerce, and research involved in feeding the global community. However, in most agricultural research disciplines standard best practices for data management and publication do not exist. Here we propose a set of best practices in the areas of peer review, minimal dataset development, data repositories, citizen science initiatives, and support for best data management. We illustrate some of these best practices with a case study in dairy agroecosystems research. While many common, and increasingly disparate data management and publication practices are entrenched in agricultural disciplines, opportunities are readily available for promoting and adopting best practices that better enable and enhance data‐intensive agricultural research and production.
Olfactory cleft mucus inflammatory proteins in CRS: a case‐control study
Authors: Smith Timothy L. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Soler Zachary M. , Mace Jess C. , Mattos Jose L. , Ramakrishnan Vijay R. , Beswick Daniel M. , Alt Jeremiah A. , Mulligan Jennifer K. 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundMultiple hypotheses are evolving that suggest several, potentially overlapping etiologies for olfactory dysfunction (OD) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Understanding inflammatory cytokine profiles of the olfactory cleft (OC) and their association with olfactory function is foundational for future clinical care and research.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, case‐control study evaluates associations among OC mucus inflammatory proteins, psychophysical olfactory testing, and computed tomography (CT) analysis of the OC and sinuses. Normative reference intervals were determined for each protein and odds ratios (ORs) were used to compare proportions of altered expression between CRS without nasal polyposis (CRSsNP) and CRS without nasal polyposis (CRSwNP).ResultsCase subjects with CRS (n = 151) and controls (n = 74) were evaluated. A majority of OC proteins tested were found within detectable ranges for cases and controls. The CRS cohort had significantly higher concentrations for 23 of 26 proteins. CRS cases with abnormal levels of C‐C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL3, interleukin 5 (IL5), IL10, and IL13 associated with greater olfactory deficits. The prevalence of elevated IL5 and IL13 in anosmic patients was 64.6% and 62.5%, respectively (p < 0.004). CRS cases with the highest odds of elevated expression in CRSwNP were IL5 (OR = 10.83) and IL13 (OR = 8.36). However, both IL5 and IL13 were still elevated in approximately 14% of CRSsNP patients. The highest magnitude of correlation between the total percent of OC opacification was found to be with IL5 (r = 0.543; p < 0.001), whereas other moderate correlations were noted with immunoglobulin E (IgE), IL10, and IL13.ConclusionThis study confirmed that OC inflammatory proteins vary both by disease phenotype and in their association with OD. Type 2 inflammatory mediators are increased in CRS, especially within the CRSwNP group. However, a substantial proportion of CRSsNP also express type 2 inflammatory mediators. Further research is necessary to understand the complex roles OC mucous inflammatory proteins might play in defining endotype and in impacting CRS‐related OD. ©2021 ARSAAOA, LLC.
Asthma increases long‐term revision rates of endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyposis
Authors: Gill Amarbir S. , Smith Kristine A. , Meeks Huong , Oakley Gretchen M. , Curtin Karen , LeClair Laurie , Howe Heather , Orlandi Richard R. , Alt Jeremiah A. 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with asthma (CRS‐A) has a significant impact on patient morbidity and quality of life. Nevertheless, little is known about the natural history of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in this cohort. The objective of this study was to evaluate revision rates of ESS in CRS‐A and identify risk factors associated with increased likelihood for revision surgery compared to those with CRS without asthma (CRS‐alone).MethodsThe Utah Population Database was queried for patients age >18 years with CRS who underwent at least 1 ESS between 1996 and 2018. Demographic information and history of ESS were collected and compared between CRS‐A and CRS‐alone using chi‐square tests for categorical variables and t tests for continuous variables. Risk factors for revision surgery were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsA total of 33,090 patients (7693 CRS‐A and 25,397 CRS‐alone) were included in the final analysis. Mean follow up was 9.8 years in CRS‐A and 9.1 years in CRS‐alone (p < 0.001). The revision rate among patients with CRS‐A (21.5%) was twice that of CRS‐alone (10.8%) (p < 0.001). Among patients with CRS, a history of allergy (p < 0.001), asthma (p < 0.001), and nasal polyposis (p < 0.001) was independently associated with increased risk of revision ESS. Patients with CRS‐A and nasal polyposis were 6 times more likely to require revision surgery than those with CRS‐alone (p < 0.010).ConclusionThe rate of revision ESS in CRS‐A was twice that of CRS‐alone; patients with CRS‐A and nasal polyposis were 6 times more likely to require revision than those with CRS‐alone. ©2021 ARSAAOA, LLC.
Regulating the Local Charge Distribution of Ni Active Sites for the Urea Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Wang Liping , Zhu Yajie , Wen Yunzhou , Li Shangyu , Cui Chunyu , Ni Fenglou , Liu Yunxia , Lin Haiping , Li Youyong , Peng Huisheng , Zhang Bo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems, the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) accounts for a large proportion of the energy consumption. The electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is one of the promising alternatives to OER, owing to its low thermodynamic potential. However, owing to the sluggish UOR kinetics, its potential in practical use has not been unlocked. Herein, we developed a tungsten‐doped nickel catalyst (Ni‐WOx) with superior activity towards UOR. The Ni‐WOx catalyst exhibited record fast reaction kinetics (440 mA cm−2 at 1.6 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode) and a high turnover frequency of 0.11 s−1, which is 4.8 times higher than that without W dopants. In further experiments, we found that the W dopant regulated the local charge distribution of Ni atoms, leading to the formation of Ni3+ sites with superior activity and thus accelerating the interfacial catalytic reaction. Moreover, when we integrated Ni‐WOx into a CO2 flow electrolyzer, the cell voltage is reduced to 2.16 V accompanying with ≈98 % Faradaic efficiency towards carbon monoxide.
Nanoparticle‐Assisted Cation Adduction and Fragmentation of Small Metabolites
Authors: Sun Shiyu , Liu Wanshan , Yang Jing , Wang Hang , Qian Kun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMass spectrometry (MS) promises small‐metabolite profiling as a tool of the future and calls for the comprehensive understanding of key procedures to enhance its capability. Herein, we studied cation adduction and fragmentation of small metabolites by a combination of theoretical and experimental approaches, via nanoparticle‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (LDI)‐MS and MS/MS. We calculated the energies of adduction conformers and atomic bond orders to establish the rules of cation–metabolite affinity and multiple cation adductions in charge transfer. Further, we demonstrated the reaction paths of adducted ions and mapped the potential energy surfaces to characterize the loss of given groups during fragmentation. Finally, we successfully controlled metabolite fragmentation by selected and multiple adductions to enhance the atomic/fragment coverage as defined for metabolite identification toward profiling. Considering the success of MS in the analysis of large biomolecules, our work may have an impact and guide to advanced analysis of small metabolites.
sp3Bis‐Organometallic Reagents via Catalytic 1,1‐Difunctionalization of Unactivated Olefins
Authors: Sun Shang‐Zheng , Talavera Laura , Spieß Philipp , Day Craig S. , Martin Ruben 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA catalytic 1,1‐difunctionalization of unactivated olefins en route to sp3 bis‐organometallic B,B(Si)‐reagents is described. The protocol is characterized by exceptional reaction rates, mild conditions, wide scope, and exquisite selectivity pattern, constituting a new platform to access sp3 bis‐organometallics.
Metabolism and chromatin: A dynamic duo that regulates development and ageing
Authors: Pouikli Andromachi , Tessarz Peter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBone‐marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM‐MSC) proliferation and lineage commitment are under the coordinated control of metabolism and epigenetics; the MSC niche contains low oxygen, which is an important determinant of the cellular metabolic state. In turn, metabolism drives stem cell fate decisions via alterations of the chromatin landscape. Due to the fundamental role of BM‐MSCs in the development of adipose tissue, bones and cartilage, age‐associated changes in metabolism and the epigenome perturb the balance between stem cell proliferation and differentiation leading to stem cell depletion, fat accumulation and bone‐quality related diseases. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of the metabolism‐chromatin interplay is crucial for maintaining the stem cell pool and delaying the development and progression of ageing. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of metabolism in stem cell identity and highlights the impact of the metabolic inputs on the epigenome, with regards to stemness and pluripotency.
Efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells and cellular products in improvement of symptoms for COVID‐19 and similar lung diseases
Authors: Banimohamad‐Shotorbani Behnaz , Farajpour Hekmat , Sefat Farshid , Khosroshahi Shiva Ahdi , Shafaei Hajar , Heidari keshel Saeed 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAt the end of 2019, respiratory coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID‐19) appeared and spread rapidly in the world. Besides several mutations, the outcome of this pandemic was the death up to 15% of hospitalized patients. Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy as a therapeutic strategy seemed successful in treatment of several diseases. Not only mesenchymal stromal cells of several tissues, but also their secreted extracellular vesicles and even secretome indicated beneficial therapeutic function. All of these three options were studied for treatment of COVID‐19 as well as those respiratory diseases that have similar symptom. Fortunately, most of the outcomes were promising and optimistic. In this paper, we review in‐vivo and clinical studies which have been used different sources of mesenchymal stromal cell, secreted extracellular vesicles, and secretome to improve and treat symptoms of COVID‐19 and similar lung diseases.
Obtaining and evaluation of polyethylene nanocomposites with graphene nanoplatelets through in‐situ ethylene polymerization
Authors: Caraballo Andrés , Pérez‐Camacho Odilia , Martínez‐Colunga Juan G. , Fernández‐Tavizón Salvador , Sierra‐Gómez Uriel A. , Aguayo‐Villarreal Ismael A. , Comparán‐Padilla Víctor E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn‐situ polymerization of ethylene with graphene has been previously studied; however, the reported nanocomposites exhibit poor filler dispersion, even at low graphene loadings. In the present work, well dispersed and homogeneous graphene nanoplatelets (GNP)‐high density polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposites were obtained in up to 12.5% weight content of graphene through an in‐situ polymerization of ethylene in graphene suspensions. The composites' potential as masterbatches was evaluated by melt mixing them with commercial HDPE. The obtained materials exhibited important physical‐mechanical properties increases when compared with those of commercial HDPE. To our knowledge, our materials' GNP concentration (≤0.82 wt.%) is the lowest reported, with the composites showing a 27% increase in their maximum tensile strength and a 41% increase in their flexural modulus when compared with blank HDPE. In addition, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses give evidence of the higher exfoliation degree of GNP obtained in the in‐situ ethylene polymerizations.
Necklace‐embedded electrocardiogram for the detection and diagnosis of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Santala Onni E. , Lipponen Jukka A. , Jäntti Helena , Rissanen Tuomas T. , Halonen Jari , Kolk Indrek , Pohjantähti‐Maaroos Hanna , Tarvainen Mika P. , Väliaho Eemu‐Samuli , Hartikainen Juha , Martikainen Tero 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the major cause of stroke since approximately 25% of all strokes are of cardioembolic‐origin. The detection and diagnosis of AF are often challenging due to the asymptomatic and intermittent nature of AF.HypothesisA wearable electrocardiogram (ECG)‐device could increase the likelihood of AF detection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of a novel, consumer‐grade, single‐lead ECG recording device (Necklace‐ECG) for screening, identifying and diagnosing of AF both by a cardiologist and automated AF‐detection algorithms.MethodsA thirty‐second ECG was recorded with the Necklace‐ECG device from two positions; between the palms (palm) and between the palm and the chest (chest). Simultaneously registered 3‐lead ECGs (Holter) served as a golden standard for the final rhythm diagnosis. Two cardiologists interpreted independently in a blinded fashion the Necklace‐ECG recordings from 145 patients (66 AF and 79 sinus rhythm, SR). In addition, the Necklace‐ECG recordings were analyzed with an automatic AF detection algorithm.ResultsTwo cardiologists diagnosed the correct rhythm of the interpretable Necklace‐ECG with a mean sensitivity of 97.2% and 99.1% (palm and chest, respectively) and specificity of 100% and 98.5%. The automatic arrhythmia algorithm detected the correct rhythm with a sensitivity of 94.7% and 98.3% (palm and chest) and specificity of 100% of the interpretable measurements.ConclusionsThe novel Necklace‐ECG device is able to detect AF with high sensitivity and specificity as evaluated both by cardiologists and an automated AF‐detection algorithm. Thus, the wearable Necklace‐ECG is a new, promising method for AF screening. Clinical trial registration: Study was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database (NCT03753139).
Synthetic Enzyme‐Catalyzed CO2 Fixation Reactions
Authors: Aleku Godwin A. , Roberts George W. , Titchiner Gabriel R. , Leys David 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn recent years, (de)carboxylases that catalyze reversible (de)carboxylation have been targeted for application as carboxylation catalysts. This has led to the development of proof‐of‐concept (bio)synthetic CO2 fixation routes for chemical production. However, further progress towards industrial application has been hampered by the thermodynamic constraint that accompanies fixing CO2 to organic molecules. In this Review, biocatalytic carboxylation methods are discussed with emphases on the diverse strategies devised to alleviate the inherent thermodynamic constraints and their application in synthetic CO2‐fixation cascades.
Anaplastic diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma cytologically diagnosed in pleural effusion: Report of two cases
Authors: AbdullGaffar Badr , Seliem Rania 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has some rare special subtypes. Anaplastic variant has the immunophenotypic and genotypic features of DLBCL, and is characterized by the presence of large bizarre hallmark‐like and Reed‐Sternberg‐Hodgkin‐like cells. Lymphoblastic lymphoma and DLBCL, non‐otherwise specified are the most common lymphoma effusions in adults. Lymphomas in effusion fluids usually show a homogenous uniform population of either small, medium or large cells depending on lymphoma types. Anaplastic pleomorphic lymphoid cells in pleural effusions are not common cytologic findings. Effusions due to lymphomas with large bizarre anaplastic cells, such as anaplastic large cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphomas, are rare. Presence of anaplastic cells in effusion fluid is diagnostically challenging. They may be confused with nonlymphoid malignancies. Certain cytomorphologic features are helpful clues. Ancillary immunocytochemistry is a useful confirmatory tool in doubtful cases. We report two cases of anaplastic variant‐DLBCL (ADLBCL) cytologically diagnosed in elderly female patients with bilateral pleural effusions. Cytologic examination of effusion fluids showed predominantly medium‐large mononuclear uniform cells intermixed with frequent large pleomorphic mononuclear and binucleated cells, and bizarre multinucleated giant cells. Background showed karyorrhexis and absent mixed inflammatory infiltrates. A panel of immunocytochemistry markers in cell block sections confirmed B‐cell phenotype of the neoplastic and anaplastic cells. Lymph node biopsy supplemented with immunohistochemistry confirmed the cytologic diagnosis. Even though the presence of anaplastic cells may be confused with other malignancies, cytopathologists should consider ADLBCL in the differential diagnosis of lymphomas with large pleomorphic cells, look for certain cytomorphologic clues and implement an appropriate immunocytochemistry panel.