bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth of Bacillus toyonensis in Tofu Wastewater
Authors: Nursyirwani N , Yoswaty D , Oktavia D A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Bacillus toyonensis has been isolated in Dumai mangrove ecosystem of Riau Province. One of factors affecting the growth of the bacteria is growth substrate. Tofu wastewater is rich in nutrition which can be used as substrate for bacterial growth. This research aimed to observe the growth of B. toyonensis in different concentration of tofu wastewater. The bacteria was grown in tofu wastewater at concentrations 8%, 10% and 12% was supplemented with 0.1 g K2HPO4, 0.15 g KH2PO4, 0.15 g NaCl and 0.5 g vitamin B12 in 100 mL distilled water. The bacterial growth was observed by using spectrophotometer at λ 610 nm and by analysis the total plate counts on plate count agar (PCA) at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hour cultivation. Spectrophotometric observation showed that the highest bacterial growth of all tofu wastewater treatments indicated by the addition of 12% tofu wastewater, although the absorbance value was lower than culture in tryptic soy broth (TSB) as control. Exponential growth occurred between 0-24 hour incubation, and the highest growth indicated in substrate contained 12% tofu wastewater. Similarly, total plate count (TPC) analysis indicated that the highest bacterial growth of all treatment occurred at 24 hours incubation, and the highest count was also indicated by treatment of 12% tofu wastewater (2.42±0.06×108 CFU/mL). In conclusion, tofu wastewater can be an alternative substrate for the bacterial growth.
Analysis of The Texture Profile and Sensory Quality of The Jelly with The Addition of Liquid Cork Fish (Channa striata)
Authors: Basmal J 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVariations in the concentration of cork fish liquid in jelly were used in the investigation of the effect of cork fish liquid on the quality of jelly products. To establish the textural profile and level of preference of the panelists, the jelly was blended with the Cork fish juice. The different concentrations of Cork fish juice, such as K (0%), A (5%), B ( 10%), C (15%), and D (20%) v/v. After being mixed with Cork fish liquid according to the procedures, the jelly was packaged in plastic cups with a capacity of 50 ml each and refrigerated at a temperature of 10-15oC overnight. The purpose of this experiment was to see how cork fish juice affected the texture and sensory quality of jelly. The results reveal that panelists are willing to eat jelly mixed with Cork fish liquid, but that the more the concentration of Cork fish liquid added, the lower their preference level. Treatment A produced the best results among the cork fish liquid treatments, with a panelist preference value of 5.60, which was similar to syneresis 10.80, elasticity 0.83, cohesiveness 0.57, gumminess 419.50, elasticity 339.40, resilience 0.23, hardness 847.30, and gel strength values of 534.85 g/cm2, respectively.
Anti-bacterial Activity of Alginate Based Edible Coating Solution Added with Lemongrass Essential Oil Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Irianto H E , Marpaung D B , Ggiyatmi  , Fransiska D , Basriman I 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEdible coating is a thin layer that can be made of several materials, one of which is polysaccharides, such as alginates, carrageenan, agar, chitin, chitosan, pectin, starch, cellulose derivatives, and gums. The application of food products with edible coatings has been widely carried out and has been proven to improve quality and extend the shelf life of the product. Antibacterial agent can be added to improve the performance of edible coating. This study was aimed to explore the potential of lemongrass essential oil as an antibacterial agent in alginate based antibacterial edible coating solutions, especially against pathogenic bacteria. Edible coating is made of alginate powder, modified cassava flour (Mocaf), beeswax, glycerol and antibacterial agent. The additional levels of lemongrass essential oil into edible coating formula were 0.25, 1.50 and 0.75%. The antibacterial activity of the edible coating solution produced was tested againstEscherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, andPseudomonas aeruginosaby employing a disk diffusion testing method. Antibacterial agents used in previous studies to develop alginate-based antibacterial edible coatings and potential applications of the developed alginate-based edible coatings incorporated with lemongrass essential oil were identified by browsing through the internet. The results showed that various antibacterial agents have been explored to improve the performance of alginate based edible coatings. An antibacterial activity study exhibited that the highest antibacterial activity was found in the edible coating with the addition of 0.50% lemongrass essential oil, except forS. aureusat the addition level of 0.75%. This study suggests that the addition of lemongrass essential oil for the manufacture of alginate based edible coating solution is 0.50%. The potential uses of edible coatings made from alginate with the addition of lemongrass essential oil are to coat various animal and plant based food products.
Isolation and Characterization of Cellulolytic Bacteria Diversity in Peatland Ecosystem and Their Cellulolytic Activities
Authors: Batubara U M , Mardalisa M , Suparjo S , Maritsa H U , Pujianto E , Herlini M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Peatlands are terrestrial wetland ecosystems formed from piles of organic matter that decompose into organic deposits. Peat soil has a high potential to produce cellulose which, can be reused by cellulolytic bacteria. This study aims to find out the potential strain of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from peatland ecosystems. The method used was experimental, sequentially, the stages are isolation and screening for cellulolytic bacteria, quantitative testing of cellulolytic activity, characterizing the morphology and physiology of bacteria, and the identification of bacteria based on Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. The screening results obtained seven isolates of cellulolytic bacteria capable of hydrolysed cellulose on 1% Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) Agar Medium, namely SPS1, SPS2, SPS 3, SDG1, SDG 2, SPW1, and SPW4. Three of seven isolates obtained the highest cellulolytic index sequentially, namely SPS2 of 2.82, SPS3 of 2.65, and SDG1 of 2.47. The cellulolytic activity was indicated by the value of a halo zone around the colonies on 1 % CMC medium after being dripped with Congo red. The halo zone is an early indication to determine the ability of bacteria to decompose cellulose. Based on Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology showed that the three isolates had the same characteristics as the genus Bacillus, Lactobacillus and Corynebacterium.
The Impact of Covid 19 on Fisher and Fish FarmerTerms of Trade
Authors: Suryawati S H , Damanti R R , Rahadian R 
Published: December 2021

AbstractReflecting the level of welfare of the fishers and fish farmers, terms of trade index (namely NTN/NTP) is believed to have decreased as the result of the Covid 19 outbreak. And, recognizing the important role of fisheries in the economy, understanding what have occured to the index is relevant. This paper aimed to: (i) analyze the impact of the outbreak on NTN/NTPi and (ii) identify what changes in variables have significant contribution to the NTN/NTPi decrease. The analytical method used is descriptive quantitative. The primary data consisted of: (i) fisher and fish farmer terms of trade as published by the Central Bureau of Statistics, (ii) variables that compose the price index received by fishermen / fish farmers and the index of prices paid by fishermen / fish farmers. The results showed that the decline in NTN and NTP occurred in all provinces in Indonesia. For fishers and fish farmers, variables of received price index that had the most significant effect on the decline is basic need cost such as food, drinks, cloth and transportation while variables of paid price index that had the most significant effect on the decline is capital goods.
Women’s Role in Smoke Fish Processing Business in Koto Mesjid Village XIII Koto Kampar Kampar District, Riau Province
Authors: Firdaus E , Andrikasmi S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Koto Mesjid Village, XIII District Koto Kampar is a long-known smoked fish-producing village in Kampar Regency. The large potential of smoked catfish resources in Koto Mesjid village has led to high public interest in processing fish as an effort to improve the family economy. This study used sociological juridical research method, namely field research. Data collection techniques used the method of observation, interviews and purposive sampling. The purpose of this study was to find out what are the roles of women in the smoked fish processing business in area, what are the inhibiting factors and efforts to increase the role of women in the smoked fish processing business. The results showed that the role of women in the smoked catfish business in Koto Masjid Village, was very important. Starting from the process of availability of raw materials, provision of equipment and processing materials, washing, fish division, involving the role of women, but still done traditionally.
Food Security Level of Fisherman Household in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Yolandika C , Anggraini N , Berliana D 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe condition of fishermen’s households that are less food secure can be triggered by poverty. As a developing country, Indonesia still has a fairly high poverty rate of 34.96 million people, of which 63.47% are people living in coastal areas. According to the Food Consumption Survey of Lampung in 2017, 2018, and 2019 conducted by the Food Security Agency of Lampung Province, it is known that the amount and level of energy consumption of fishery households in Bandar Lampung City has decreased from 1,815.1 kcal/cap/day or by 93, 1% in 2017 to 1,666.4 kcal/cap/year or 84.0% in 2018, and decreased again to 1,568.0 kcal/cap/day or 75.1% in 2019. This study aims to analyze the level of food security of fishermen’s households in and the level of energy and protein adequacy of fishermen’s households in Teluk Betung Selatan District. This research was conducted in Teluk Betung Selatan District, Bandar Lampung. The research was conducted on March to July 2021. The sample of fishermen in this study was 50 fishermen from 1,207 fishermen in Teluk Betung Selatan District. Sampling was done by simple random method. The results of this study are (1) the food security of fishermen’s households in Teluk Betung Selatan District is mostly in the food security category (78%), while the remaining 22% are in the food insecurity category; (2) the level of energy adequacy of fishermen’s households in Teluk Betung Selatan District is mostly in the poor category (52%), but the level of protein adequacy is mostly.
Port Dickson Surface Water Quality Status: A Year with COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kamarudin N A , Mohamat-Yusuff F , Zulkifli S Z , Zainuddin A H , Ali M Y , Ekhsan N F M , Hassan M Z , Aris A Z , Md Yusoff F 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a planetary concern that affecting the sustenance of the human population all around the globe. The effective measured has been taken in Malaysia to control the virus transmission by limiting the human vitality which unsurprisingly propitious to the environment. A monitoring study was conducted to assess the water quality status of surface seawater along the Port Dickson coast based on the Malaysian Marine Water Quality Index (MMWQI) and Malaysian Marine Water Quality Standards (MMWQCS) with an interval period of a year (March 2020-March 2021). In situ, water quality parameters incorporate temperature, pH, salinity, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and total dissolved solids (TDS) were measured at 14 sampling sites to evaluate the biochemical characteristics of water. Surface water samples were collected from the same sites and transported back to Universiti Putra Malaysia for nitrate (NO3-), ammonia (NH3), phosphate (PO4), biochemical oxygen demands (BOD), fecal coliform (Escherichia coli), and total suspended solids (TSS) analyses. The MMWQI showed the status of surface water from the Port Dickson coast was classified as moderate quality (50.41 - 64.05) for both sampling events. However, there are some indexes that showed significant decreases (p< 0.05) in the latter year. The concentration of nutrient pollution such as phosphate, nitrates, ammonia, fecal coliform as well as oil and grease, was decreased by 11.12%, 77.39%, 82.4%, 90.26%, and 99.9% respectively. The water parameters namely TDS, pH, and BOD levels were significantly decreased by 1.77%, 20.73%, and 77.16%. Certain parameters listed in the MMWQS such as temperature, pH, ammonia, fecal coliform, oil and grease were classified as Class 1 in March 2021. These occurrences recorded were greatly influenced by the reduction of the substantial human activities around the recreational beach of Port Dickson followed by the declaration of Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia.
Community Awareness on Domestic Waste Disposal Towards Its Impact to the Sustainability of Mangrove Forest in Kuala Selangor
Authors: Mazelan N A , Yusuff F M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mangrove forest in Kuala Selangor has seen to be depleting over the years. This study believes that domestic waste disposal is considered as one of the treats to mangrove forest. Local community must play their role in protecting the mangrove forest. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of the community on the importance of mangrove, level of awareness on the impact of domestic waste disposal to mangroves and their level of practice on proper domestic waste management. Besides, this study aims to identify the correlation between community awareness with knowledge and practice. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data and analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. The finding shows that the level of knowledge of the community on the importance of sustaining mangrove forest is high (n=256, 85.3%), the level of awareness of community on the impact of domestic waste disposal is also high (Mean=4.48), while the level of community practice on proper domestic waste management is moderate (Mean=3.9). The correlation test showed that there was a negligible correlation between knowledge and awareness of community (r=0.14, <0.05, n=300) and also weak positive correlation between awareness and practice with (r=0.33, p<0.01, n=300. The finding suggests community with great knowledge does not necessarily have great awareness as well not necessarily with great awareness, community will practice good waste management to secure mangrove forests. Thus, this study recommends strictly enforcing all parties to comply/implementing control at source method, or develop appropriate management plans to reduce domestic waste disposal at mangrove areas.
Production of Rhizophora Mangrove Leaf Litter in The Sungai Bersejarah Mangrove Ecosystem, Siak Regency
Authors: Efriyeldi E , Amin B , Hersa T 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The mangrove ecosystem is one of the coastal ecosystems that has important ecological roles and functions in supporting marine and fishery resources. Marine and fisheries resources are largely determined by the contribution of mangrove litter. The aims of this study was to determine the production of Rhizophora mangrove leaf litter in Sungai Bersejarah mangrove ecosystem, and to determine the value of environmental parameters related to litter. The research was conducted in January until March 2021 in Sungai Bersejarah mangrove area Kayu Ara Permai, Siak Regency. Line transect plot were used to calculate the density of Rhizophora. Rhizophora litter production was measured using the trap net method placed at three sampling site. Three litter trap nets measuring 1 m x 1 m are placed at each station. Rhizophora tree density ranges from 316 - 444 ind./ha. The production of Rhizophora mangrove leaf litter in Sungai Bersejarah mangrove ecosystem was 0.82 – 1.39 g/m2/day (3.00 – 5.09 ton/ha/year), average was 4.11 ton/ha/year. Analysis of variance test showed that there was a significant difference in Rhizophora leaf litter production between sampling points with different Rhizophora tree densities (p<0.05). Mangrove vegetation density has a moderate relationship (r=0.43) to the production of Rhizophora mangrove leaf litter. Environmental parameters indicate that the condition of the Sungai Bersejarah mangrove ecosystem is still good and can support the life of mangrove vegetation.
Dried fish in Indonesia: Problems and a Possible Solution, a Review
Authors: Dewi F R , Widiyanto A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dried fish has become one of the favourite food for Indonesian. The drying technology has been passed down through generations especially in the coastal communities due to its simplicity. Despite the long history of dried fish in Indonesia, some problems need to be addressed. Maintaining the quality for both domestic and global markets in an integrated and sustainable manner is still standing as the major problem. Formalin residue had been found in some dried fish products in several areas in Indonesia. This safety matter is also drawn both researcher’s and policy maker’s attention. Several possible solutions are offered to iron out the issues. The development of new technology which easy to adopt and low cost is needed. A combination drying machine can be an alternative to solve the problems. The machine is designed to be able to operate using both electrical and solar sources. The machine can yield a good quality product which can be used throughout the year.
Manufacture of Toman Fish Protein (Channa micropeltes) Isolate with Different pH Methods using Star Fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi) Acid
Authors: Karnila R , Ilza M , Fakhriah S N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Toman fish (Channa micropeltes) is a type of freshwater fish that belongs to the genus Channa which is the largest size compared to the others and has high protein. This study aims to obtain the isolate of toman fish protein (Channa micropeltes) by the method of pH regulation using star fruit acid. Wuluh star fruit acid is used as a substitute for HCl in making fish protein isolates to reduce pH. This research method uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments consisted of (P1 = pH 4, P2 = pH 5, P3 = pH 6). The results showed that star fruit acid can replace HCl as a protein precipitant and P1 (pH 4) obtained the most isolates, namely an average protein content of 91.64% (db), a moisture content of 1.67%, ash content of 2.06 % (db), fat content of 2.74% (db), yield of 88.46%, and total amino acid composition of 61.30%, where the type of amino acid that dominates is glutamic acid (12.30%). Glutamic acid amino acid is the one that influences a lot in giving pH isoelectric point, in the treatment of P1 with pH 4 making isolates of toman fish protein to be the best treatment, because glutamic acid has an isoelectric point of 3.22 which is the closest to pH 4 plus also the pH of isoelectric point from other amino acids.
The Use of Different Deacetylation Temperature Toward Quality of Chitosan Mud Crab Shell (Scylla serrata)
Authors: Karnila R , Loekman S , Humairah S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This research aims to determine the chemical composition (proximate) of chitosan and chitin, The best deacetylation temperature for obtaining chitosan, and the yield of chitosan and chitin from mud crab. This research was conducted in two stages, that is: 1) Preparation of mud crab flour and 2) Extraction and analysis of chitin and chitosan. The experimental design used for chitosan isolation was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The process of deacetylation chitin becomes chitosan by using 50% NaOH with varying heating temperatures (120, 130, and 140°C). Parameters observed were yield, moisture content, ash content, and degrees of deacetylation. The result showed that the best chitosan was obtained by chitin deacetylation process into chitosan using a temperature of 130°C (KO2). Characteristics quality of the chitosan mud crab shell produced are KO1: yield 61.00%, moisture content 6.47%, ash content 17.18% (db), and degree of deacetylation 49.63%. KO2: yield 59.94%, moisture content 6.48%, ash content 14.85% (db) with degree of deacetylation 51.13%. KO3: yield 53,97, moisture content 6.54%, ash content 14.66% (db) and degree of deacetylation 52.63%. Characteristic quality of chitin included yield was 27.81%, moisture content 7.29%, ash 44.05%, and degree of deacetylation 33.09%.
Optimization of Culture Conditions on Growth of Chlorella sp. Newly Isolated From Bagansiapiapi Waters Indonesia
Authors: Iriani D , Hasan B , Putra HS , Ghazali TM 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Chlorella sp. is a type of micro-sized green algae obtained in fresh or marine waters. However, many factors need to evaluate the growth of Chlorella sp. mainly the culture conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the culture conditions in optimizing the growth of Chlorella sp. newly isolated from Bagansiapiapi marine waters. The experiment was carried out at temperature ±25°C, light intensity 2300 Lux using TL-D lamp (36 W). There were six treatments as culture conditions for the cultivation of Chlorella sp.:1). Bean Sprouts (Vigna radiata) Extract Media (BSEM) with light continuously, 2. BSEM with a Photoperiod light:dark (10:14h), 3. Tofu waste media with light continuously, 4. Tofu waste media with a photoperiod light:dark (10: 14h), 5. Fish pellet solutions media (25%), 6. Fish pellet solutions media (50%). The parameter observed was the growth, cell density and the specific growth rate of Chlorella sp. every 2 days for 14 days of cultivation. Based on the results shown that the marine Chlorella sp. from Bagansiapiapi waters could be adapted to all treatments. Nevertheless, the use of BSEM light continuously obtained the highest cell density (27.75 x 105 cell/ml) on 12 days and continues to increase until 14 days, while the other treatments had decreased. Furthermore, the Chlorella sp. obtained the specific growth rate was 0.42. Therefore, the marine Chlorella sp. from Bagansiapiapi could be cultivated in BSEM light continuously for further development as a functional food or bioactive source in pharmaceutical products.
Enhanced formaldehyde-removal over modified cryptomelane catalysts
Authors: Tran Trong-Phu , Ta-Thi Xuan-Phuc , Nguyen Kim-Chau , Tran Duy-Nhan , Nguyen-Phan Thuy-Duong , Pham Khanh-Nguyen , Nguyen Gia-Han , Tran-Thuy Tuyet-Mai 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
M-OMS-2 materials (M = K+, Cu2+, Co2+) were prepared by an uncomplicated reflux method, and the cryptomelane crystalline structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns. Element analysis recorded ~56 - ~59 wt.% of Mn in the three synthesized samples and ~2.8 wt.% loadings of dopants over Co-OMS-2 and Cu-OMS-2 materials. A titration method valued the average oxidation states of manganese at 3.60, 3.71 and 3.77 for K-OMS-2, Co-OMS-2 and Cu-OMS-2, respectively. In comparison with K-OMS-2, Co and Cu dopants depicted a significant enhancement catalytic activity in removal of formaldehyde at low (5%) and high (65 %) relative humidity (RH). Cu-OMS-2 showed the highest catalyst performance with ~90 % of formaldehyde conversion at 150 °C, 65% RH, whereas only ~40 % (for Co-OMS-2) and ~26 % (for K-OMS-2) of that were observed. The finding results promised a potential Cu-OMS-2 material for designed low-costly catalyst in formaldehyde removal at a wide range of RH.