bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the potential: iodide-infused nickel-enhanced MXene composite for high-performance sodium ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Desai Nakul , S C Gurumurthy , M P Shilpa , Sudhakar Y N , Shetty Vijeth R , M Selvakumar , R Waikar Maqsood , Sonkawade Rajendra G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
2D-MXenes have gained much popularity for energy storage applications such as hybrid capacitors, and they have shown very competitive performance, especially as electrode materials for sodium ion hybrid capacitors. However, they suffer from various problems, such as morphology distortion and fast capacity fading, which results in the poor performance of the battery. As a result, researchers have focused more on MXene-based composite materials to address these issues. In this work, we report a sodium iodide and nickel-decorated MXene-based composite (Ti2C/Ni/NaI) material as an electrode for a sodium ion hybrid capacitor. Ti2C MXene and Ni were able to provide physical and mechanical strength, and iodine was able to produce redox activity. The composite had a rough surface with readily aggregated 2D-MXene sheets and was uniformly covered with Ni, Na, and I atoms. Several vibrational bands and peaks associated with Ti, Ni, Na, C and O in the Raman while XPS spectra confirmed the effective incorporation of dopants into the MXene sheets and successful synthesis of the Ti2C/Ni/NaI composite. The fabricated hybrid capacitor exhibited good capacity retention of 59% after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 0.5 mA g−1; thus, the Ti2C/Ni/NaI composite can be a promising electrode material for sodium-based hybrid capacitors.
Sutton Hoo and Syria: The Anglo-Saxons Who Served in the Byzantine Army?
Authors: Gittos Helen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
The Sutton Hoo ship burial is one of the most famous examples of a group of lavishly furnished graves of the late sixth and early seventh centuries in south-east England. The discovery in 2003 of another, at Prittlewell (in Southend, Essex), and its publication in 2019, has brought our knowledge of them into sharper focus. One of the characteristics of these burials is that they tend to contain objects that were made in the eastern Mediterranean which were current, rather than old, when buried, and were of very unusual types. This article argues that they were acquired by men who were recruited into the Byzantine army in 575 to serve on the eastern front against the Sasanians. Those who returned brought back with them metalwork and other items which were current, and distinctive, and not the kinds of things that were part of normal trading networks. This opens up a startlingly new view onto early medieval British history.
Jacalin Attenuates Colitis-Associated Colorectal Carcinogenesis by Inhibiting Tumor Cell Proliferation and Intestinal Inflammation
Authors: Veronez Luciana Chain , Silveira Denise Sayuri Calheiros da , Lopes-Júnior Luis Carlos , dos Santos Jéssica Cristina , Barbisan Luis Fernando , Pereira-da-Silva Gabriela 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, who have twice the risk of developing CRC, chronic inflammation has been recognized to contribute to colitis-associated cancer (CAC) development. Jacalin, a lectin extracted from jackfruit seeds, has been shown to recognize altered glycosylation and to exert antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects in CRC. However, its activity in CAC remains unknown. Herein, we sought to investigate the effects of jacalin in CAC progression using the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and azoxymethane (AOM) mouse model.

Methods
Colitis-associated cancer induction was performed in male C57BL/6 mice by an intraperitoneal injection of AOM, followed by 3 cycles of 2.5% DSS diluted in drinking water for 7 days, intercalated by 2 weeks of normal drinking water. After 1 week of daily pretreatment, mice were orally treated with phosphate-buffered saline (control group), 100 or 500 µg of jacalin three times a week for an additional 11 weeks.

Results
We showed that jacalin-treated mice presented tumors with reduced volumes and mean size compared to the control group. In addition, both doses of jacalin reduced the number of proliferating cells (Ki-67 positive cells) in tumor tissues, while the higher dose (500 µg) showed also a similar effect in “normal-appearing” colonic crypts. Jacalin treatment attenuated the clinical scores of inflammations, which was accompanied by a reduction of intestinal and/or tumoral production of IL-1β, IL-23, and IL-17.

Conclusions
Collectively, our findings demonstrated that jacalin suppresses CAC development, highlighting its anti-inflammatory and antitumoral role in the AOM/DSS-induced model.
Polymerase-usage sequencing identifies initiation zones with less bias across S phase in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Matsumoto Akino , Daigaku Yasukazu , Tsubouchi Tomomi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Various methods have been developed to map replication initiation zones (IZs) genome-wide, often finding far fewer IZs than expected. In particular, IZs corresponding to later stages of S phase are under-represented. Here, we reanalysed IZs with respect to replication timing in mouse ES cells. These datasets identified over five times as many early IZs compared to late IZs. In addition, we have set up a polymerase-usage sequencing (Pu-seq) system in mouse ES cells to map IZs genome-wide. Pu-seq showed less bias towards early IZs, potentially indicating better sensitivity for identifying IZs in late S phase.
Complete traumatic urethral cut and vesicovaginal fistula in a 3-year-old girl, managed by Mitrofanoff procedure: a case report
Authors: Bael Peter R , Alqtishat Bayan F , Salahaldeen Riyad , Barbarawi Wadee’ 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We report a 3-year-old patient with urethral cut injury and iatrogenic vesicovaginal fistula following a pelvic fracture; managed with Mitrofanoff procedure. Our patient presented with straining on urination with continuous colorless discharge on her diaper for the past 4 months. Investigations identified vesicovaginal fistulization making a definitive diagnosis of complete urethral injury. It was managed with the Mitrofanoff procedure to preserve the patient’s urinary continence. Our case is to our knowledge the youngest reported case of a complete traumatic urethral cut in a female; an already rare encounter in this population. This is also the first such case to be managed via the Mitrofanoff procedure. Although the management was delayed, it was successful.
Distressing dreams in trauma survivors: using a sleep diary mobile app to reveal distressing dream characteristics and their relationship to symptoms and suicidal ideation in trauma-exposed adults
Authors: Richards Anne , Santistevan Anthony , Kovnick Miles , Orlova Polina , Yack Leslie , Berg Emily , Pracar Shane , Metzler Thomas , Neylan Thomas , Woodward Steven 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Study Objectives
Trauma nightmares are a core feature of PTSD, with potentially devastating implications for mental health outcomes. Treatments remain unsatisfactory and nightmares are poorly understood, both biologically and phenomenologically; measurement methods are limited. The aims of the current analyses were to (1) characterize distressing dreams in trauma survivors, (2) examine the relationships of dream features to next-day symptoms and to suicidal ideation, and (3) validate sleep diary mobile app items for the measurement of clinically relevant dream characteristics.

Methods
Adult male and female veterans and nonveterans with a history of PTSD criterion trauma and at least 1 nightmare weekly were enrolled. Participants completed 3 weeks of sleep diary, including bedtime and morning surveys and weekly assessments. They also completed a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS)-5 PTSD assessment. Multivariable mixed models with repeated measures and standard regression were utilized to examine relationships between dream features and next-day symptoms and suicidal ideation.

Results
Dream features and dream distress independently predict clinically relevant outcomes; no single feature was sufficient for predicting all outcomes of interest. In particular, the replicative quality of trauma nightmares stood out in terms of associations with next-day symptoms, CAPS severity, and suicidal ideation. Subjective dream duration, extent of postdream arousal, and subjective distress severity also independently predicted daytime symptoms.

Conclusions
Results underscore the importance of examining dream characteristics to understand nightmare effects and associations with suicidal ideation. These findings also underscore the utility of mobile app technology for obtaining informative data with high temporal resolution in an appealing and user-friendly manner.
Prevention of gynecological cancers: cervical cancer screening in Turkey: a role model for the world
Authors: Akgör Utku , Temiz Bilal Esat , Gultekin Murat 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
This review examines Turkey's cervical cancer screening programme, highlighting its evolution from a cytology-based approach to a more effective HPV-based strategy. The review is timely given the global push to reduce cervical cancer incidence through improved screening practices, and it positions Turkey's programme as a potential model for other countries facing similar public health challenges.

Recent findings
Recent advances in cervical cancer screening in Turkey include the nationwide introduction of HPV DNA testing, centralized laboratory systems and innovative management software. The programme has significantly improved screening coverage and early detection rates, particularly in underserved communities. However, challenges remain in areas such as training healthcare workers, raising awareness of HPV vaccination, and integrating self-sampling methods into the screening process.

Summary
The Turkish experience demonstrates that a well organized HPV-based cervical cancer screening programme can overcome significant cultural and logistical barriers and lead to improved public health outcomes. Future efforts should focus on refining triage strategies, exploring new molecular tests, and expanding the use of self-sampling to further improve the effectiveness of cervical cancer prevention efforts worldwide.
Contemporary nonsurgical management of Peyronie's disease
Authors: Pinkhasov Alexandr M. , Yang David Y. , Tentis Elise , Ziegelmann Matthew 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Peyronie's disease characterizes a condition in which there is angular curvature of the penis. We know that the most patients with Peyronie's disease will not have spontaneous resolution of their penile curvature. As such, patients who desire treatment can elect for either surgical or nonsurgical therapy. Herein, we discuss the contemporary nonsurgical management options for Peyronie's disease.

Recent findings
Nonsurgical management options for Peyronie's disease include oral therapy, intra-lesional injections, and penile traction therapy. At the time of this review, there is essentially no high-level evidence demonstrating any benefit for oral therapy. Penile traction therapy has evolved over the past decade with second-generation devices demonstrating strong efficacy and more convenient treatment regimens. Intra-lesional options include collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH), verapamil, and interferon alpha-2b. The IMPRESS trial garnered the strongest level of evidence (two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials) to support the safety and efficacy of CCH. Verapamil is an option supported by several urological societies; however, the evidence supporting its efficacy is inconsistent between several notable series and randomized studies. IFN alpha 2b can produce modest improvement in curvature, however, is not available for use in North America.

Summary
Herein, we will discuss notable advances in nonsurgical management of Peyronie's disease.
A Meta-analysis of Breast Implant Irrigation Solutions' Effect on Infection and Capsular Contracture Frequencies
Authors: Engels Ella , Sweitzer Keith , Kumar Shivram , Jones Courtney , Leach Candice 
Published: January 2025

Background
In implant-based breast surgery, use of implant irrigation to reduce biofilm, thus reducing infection and capsular contracture, is standard practice. However, it is unclear which irrigation is superior.

Objective
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the most commonly cultured bacteria from infected implants and the efficacy of different irrigation solutions in reducing the risk of implant infection and capsular contracture.

Methods
Using Covidence, 808 studies published in the last 30 years in relation to implant irrigation use during implant-based breast augmentation and reconstruction surgery were identified. These studies were screened based on the eligibility criteria, and 27 studies were included as a part of the systematic review. The primary outcome measures of interest were implant infection and capsular contracture frequencies. Saline, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, triple antibiotic solution (TAS), and other antibiotics (eg, biodegradable antibiotic beads, bacitracin, and continuous vancomycin), were the different types of irrigation solutions identified in these studies. Descriptive analysis of the different species of bacteria cultured from all infected implants was conducted. A meta-analysis was performed to generate a summary proportion of the primary outcomes for implant irrigations.

Results

Staphylococcus aureus (25.5%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (19.8%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.1%) were the most frequently cultured bacteria from infected implants. Gram-positive bacteria (62.6%) were more commonly cultured from infected implants than gram-negative (16.1%) bacteria. Povidone-iodine showed the lowest infection frequency, while saline and TAS showed the highest infection frequencies. Additionally, TAS showed the lowest capsular contracture frequency, while saline and povidone-iodine showed higher capsular contracture frequency.

Conclusions
Povidone-iodine was the most effective in reducing infection frequency while TAS was the most effective in reducing capsular contracture frequency. As the TAS in these studies include cefazolin, gentamycin, and bacitracin (which is no longer available as a solution), further research to determine efficacy of antibiotic solution without bacitracin is required. To potentially reduce the risk of implant infection and capsular contracture, plastic surgeons should consider which implant irrigation solutions are most effective against common bacterial pathogens.
Tracing the stepwise Darwinian evolution of a plant halogenase
Authors: Kim Colin Y. , Kastner David W. , Mitchell Andrew J. , Gutierrez Michael A. , Yao Jocelyn S. , Neumann Edwin N. , Kulik Heather J. , Weng Jing-Ke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Halogenation chemistry is rare in plant metabolism, with the chloroalkaloid
acutumine produced by Menispermaceae species being the only well characterized
example, involving a specialized dechloroacutumine halogenase (DAH) from the
iron(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2ODD) superfamily. While DAH
is presumed to have evolved from an ancestral 2ODD enzyme, the broader question
of how new enzymes arise through Darwinian processes, such as the birth of DAH
in Menispermaceae, remains a fundamental challenge in understanding metabolic
evolution. Here, we investigate DAH’s evolutionary trajectory using the
chromosomal-level genome assembly ofMenispermum
canadense. By analyzing the genomic context
ofDAHinM. canadenseand
syntenic regions in related plants, we show
thatDAHevolved through tandem duplication of an
ancestralflavonol
synthase(FLS) gene, followed by a
series of neofunctionalization and gene loss events. Through structural
modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and site-directed mutagenesis, we
identify residue changes enabling the transition from FLS to DAH. This
functional switch required traversing a complex evolutionary landscape where
adaptive peaks were separated by deep fitness valleys. Our work illustrates how
new enzymatic functions can arise through lineage-specific evolutionary pathways
that gradually reshape the active site architecture through permissive
mutations, ultimately enabling mechanism-switching mutations that establish
novel catalytic activities.
Genomic Insights into Hybridization and Speciation of Mitten Crabs in
theEriocheirGenus
Authors: Wang Jun , Hou Xin , Chen Xiaowen , Mandal Roland Nathan , Kanika Nusrat Hasan , Yuan Chunhong , Luo Yongju , Wang Chenghui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hybridization is a prominent and influential phenomenon with significant
implications for adaptive evolution, species distribution and biodiversity.
However, the intricacies of how hybridization influences genomic structure and
facilitates adaptive evolution still elude our full understanding. Analyzing
whole genome data from seven populations
withinEriocheirgenus across diverse geographic
regions, we have validated a complex hybridization history between Chinese and
Japanese mitten crabs. This hybridization gave rise to two distinct ecological
species: Hepu and Russian mitten crabs with unique genomic architectures and
adaptations. Genes related to reproduction, development, and temperature
adaptation exhibit divergent selection signals, potentially contributing to
their phenotypic diversity and ecological niches. Meanwhile, genes associated
with reproduction,
namelyBirc6,Bap31,
andPoxn, displayed robust evidence of selective
sweeps in Hepu mitten crab. Notably, the favored alleles for these genes
originated from the parental lineages during the hybridization process.
Furthermore, Hepu mitten crab is a homoploid hybrid species that originated from
an ancient hybridization event, resolving its longstanding taxonomic
controversy. Our study sheds light on the evolutionary history of mitten crabs
and highlights the crucial role of hybridization in driving adaptation, range
expansion, and diversification within
theEriochiergenus.
Microbial functional guilds and genes are key to explaining soil nutrient
cycling alongside soil and plant variables
Authors: Vietorisz Corinne , Policelli Nahuel , Li Abigail , Adams Lindsey A. , Bhatnagar Jennifer M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Microbes play central roles in soil nutrient cycling, yet a limited range of
microbial community characteristics have been used to explain ecosystem nutrient
cycling rates and their importance relative to plant and abiotic factors remains
unclear. In this study, we assessed which of 126 commonly measured soil fungal
and bacterial community characteristics best explained soil nitrogen (N) and
phosphorus (P) cycling rates in temperate forests in the Northeastern U.S., as
well as the relative contributions of microbial, plant, and abiotic factors.
Using boosted regression tree modeling, we identified the microbial variables
with the highest contributions to models explaining nutrient cycling rates: the
relative abundances of ectomycorrhizal fungi and N-decomposition genes from
oligotrophic bacteria were the most important for net ammonification, the
relative abundances of indicator taxa in bacterial networks, nitrifying
bacteria, and copiotrophic bacteria were the most important for net
nitrification, and the relative abundance of fungal P-cycling oxidoreductase
genes was the most important for net soil phosphate change. Microbial variables
explained more variation than plant and abiotic variables in multivariate linear
models of net nitrification and net phosphate release rates, but not net
ammonification rates, which were largely explained by soil edaphic factors. Leaf
litter traits were also important in explaining variation in net nitrification
rates, and soil temperature was important in explaining rates of net phosphate
release in soil. Collectively, our findings suggest that the N-cycling capacity
of microbial functional guilds and fungal community P-cycling capacity should be
incorporated into ecosystem biogeochemical models to improve our predictions and
understanding of nutrient cycling and related ecological processes.
An unsupervised framework for comparing SARS-CoV-2 protein sequences using
LLMs
Authors: Littlefield Sayantani B. , Campbell Roy H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The severe acute respiratory system coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic led
to more than a 100 million infections and 1.2 million deaths worldwide. While
studying these viruses, scientists developed a large amount of sequencing data
that was made available to researchers. Large language models (LLMs) are
pre-trained on large databases of proteins and prior work has shown its use in
studying the structure and function of proteins. This paper proposes an
unsupervised framework for characterizing SARS-CoV-2 sequences using large
language models. First, we perform a comparison of several protein language
models previously proposed by other authors. This step is used to determine how
clustering and classification approaches perform on SARS-CoV-2 and influenza
sequence embeddings. In this paper, we focus on surface glycoprotein sequences,
also known as spike proteins in SARS-CoV-2 because scientists have previously
studied their involvements in being recognized by the human immune system. Our
contrastive learning framework is trained in an unsupervised manner, leveraging
the Hamming distance from pairwise alignment of sequences when the contrastive
loss is computed by the Siamese Neural Network. Finally, to test our framework,
we perform experiments on two sets of sequences: one group belonging to a
variant the model has not encountered in the training and validation phase
(XEC), and the other group which the model has previously encountered (BA.2). We
show that our model can acknowledge the sequences come from different groups
(variants) as confirmed by a statistical Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. This shows
that our proposed framework has properties suitable for identifying
relationships among different SARS-CoV-2 sequences even in the absence of
variant or lineage labels.
Centralized brain networks underlie body part coordination during
grooming
Authors: Özdil Pembe Gizem , Arreguit Jonathan , Scherrer Clara , Ijspeert Auke , Ramdya Pavan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Animals must coordinate multiple body parts to perform important tasks such
as grooming, or locomotion. How this movement synchronization is achieved by the
nervous system remains largely unknown. Here, we uncover the neural basis of
body part coordination during goal-directed antennal grooming in the
fly,Drosophila melanogaster. We find that
unilateral or bilateral grooming of one or both antenna, respectively, arises
from synchronized movements of the head, antennae, and forelegs. Simulated
replay of these body part kinematics in a biomechanical model shows that this
coordination makes grooming more efficient by permitting unobstructed, forceful
collisions between the foreleg tibiae and antennae. Movements of one body part
do not require proprioceptive sensory feedback from the others: neither
amputation of the forelegs or antennae, nor immobilization of the head prevented
movements of the other unperturbed body parts. By constructing a comprehensive
antennal grooming network from the fly brain connectome, we find that
centralized interneurons and shared premotor neurons interconnect and thus
likely synchronize neck, antennal, and foreleg motor networks. A simulated
activation screen of neurons in this network reveals cell classes required for
the coordination of antennal movements during unilateral grooming. These cells
form two coupled circuit motifs that enable robust body part synchronization: a
recurrent excitatory subnetwork that promotes contralateral antennal pitch and
broadcast inhibition that suppresses ipsilateral antennal pitch. Similarly
centralized controllers may enable the flexible co-recruitment of multiple body
parts to subserve a variety of behaviors.