bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint Awareness after Patellofemoral Arthroplasty Evaluated with the Forgotten Joint Score: A Comparison Study
Authors: Lin Wei , Dai Yike , Dong Conglei , Piao Kang , Hao Kuo , Wang Fei 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to compare the forgotten joint score (FJS) in patients with isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis who underwent patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) versus those who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to analyze the predictors of the FJS after PFA.MethodsFrom January 2014 to December 2017, a retrospective cohort study of 56 consecutive patients with isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis underwent PFA and were included in the PFA group. The patients in the PFA group were matched in a 1:1 ratio based on age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and follow‐up duration; 56 patients with isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis underwent cruciate‐retaining TKA (TKA group). The FJS, range of motion of the knee, and Knee Society Score were assessed at 1 and 3 years postoperatively. In addition, the associations between the potential influencing factors (age, sex, BMI, and preoperative Iwano score of the patellofemoral joint) and the FJS were analyzed using multiple linear regression in the PFA group.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the PFA and TKA groups regarding age (P = 0.316), sex (P = 0.832), BMI (P = 0.447), and follow‐up duration (P = 0.625). Postoperatively, the range of motion of the knee and Knee Society Score was significantly higher in the PFA group than the TKA group at both follow‐up points (P < 0.05). The PFA group had a significantly higher mean FJS than the TKA group at 1 year postoperatively (62.9 ± 12.3 vs 54.1 ± 14.2, P = 0.034) and 3 years postoperatively (63.3 ± 14.1 vs 55.6 ± 16.4, P = 0.042). In the PFA group, multiple linear regression analysis showed that older age was positively correlated with the FJS, while a higher BMI was negatively correlated with the FJS.ConclusionThe patients with isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis who underwent PFA were more likely to forget the artificial joint and, consequently, may experience a higher degree of satisfaction. In addition, we identified two preoperative patient‐related factors (age and BMI) that may predict the FJS after PFA, which might help in chosing the most appropriate operation.
Genetic predisposition to long telomeres is associated with increased mortality after melanoma: A study of 2101 melanoma patients from hospital clinics and the general population
Authors: Ismail Hafsa , Helby Jens , Hölmich Lisbet R. , H. Chakera Annette , Bastholt Lars , Klyver Helle , Sjøgren Pia , Schmidt Henrik , Schöllhammer Liv , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Bojesen Stig E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWhether there is an association between measured and genetically predicted telomere length and melanoma mortality is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that measured and genetically predicted telomere length is associated with mortality after a melanoma diagnosis. We followed 2,101 patients with melanoma from hospital clinics and the general population for risk of death for up to 26 years. All had telomere length measured in DNA from leukocytes, and 2052 of these were genotyped for the three single nucleotide polymorphisms rs7726159 (TERT), rs1317082 (TERC), and rs2487999 (OBFC1); all three genotypes are associated with telomere length and combined into an allele count from 0 to 6. For each telomere‐lengthening allele, the hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality in the age‐adjusted and multivariable‐adjusted Cox analysis were 1.12 (95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.23) and 1.11 (1.01–1.23). However, for each standard deviation increase in measured telomere length, HR for mortality was 0.97 (0.88–1.08). In conclusion, in more than 2000 melanoma patients from hospital clinics and from the general population, genetically predicted long telomeres were associated with increased mortality, but measured leukocyte telomere length was not.
Clinical characteristics associated with increased wound size in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Solis Daniel C. , Gorell Emily S. , Teng Claudia , Barriga Melissa , Nazaroff Jaron , Li Shufeng , Subica Andrew , Lu Ying , Marinkovich M. Peter , Tang Jean Y. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs more therapeutic clinical trials focus on treatment of individual wounds in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, it has become crucial to understand the baseline clinical characteristics of these wounds. To investigate these features, we administered an RDEB‐specific wound survey. Forty participants reported on location, size, pain, infection frequency, wound type, and duration of 189 wounds; a subset of 22 participants reported on pruritus in 63 wounds. Increased wound size was significantly associated with increased pain, increased pruritus, longer wound duration, increased infection frequency, and patients with mutations resulting in truncated type VII collagen.
National survey of nurse home visitor collaboration with health care and social services
Authors: Williams Venice Ng , Brooks‐Russell Ashley , McManus Beth M. , Yost Elly , Olds David L. , Tung Gregory J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the degree to which nurses in a national public health home visiting program collaborate with interprofessional providers to serve families experiencing adversity.DesignA descriptive, cross‐sectional survey measured collaborative practices between nurse home visitors, health care, and social service providers. A census of 263 nursing supervisors completed a web‐based survey.MeasurementsThe survey included the validated 7‐item Relational Coordination Scale, adapted items from the Interagency Collaboration Activities Scale on shared resources, and items related to collaboration attitudes and beliefs. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics.ResultsRelational coordination scores, which are relative measures, ranged from 1 to 5; highest with supplemental nutrition for Women, Infants & Children (M = 3.77) and early intervention (M = 3.44); and lowest with housing (M = 2.55). The greatest sharing of resources was with supplemental nutrition (sum = 12.95) and mental health providers (sum = 11.81), and least with housing (sum = 7.26); with a range of 1–30 where higher scores indicated greater resource‐sharing.ConclusionHome visiting nurses collaborate with interprofessional providers with variation in the degree of collaboration between agencies and by provider type within an agency. Collaboration was a function of two interrelated domains: interpersonal relationships supported by organizational and contextual factors at the systems‐level.
Growth and grain yield of eight maize hybrids are aligned with water transport, stomatal conductance, and photosynthesis in a semi‐arid irrigated system
Authors: Gleason Sean M. , Nalezny Lauren , Hunter Cameron , Bensen Robert , Chintamanani Satya , Comas Louise H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThere is increasing interest in understanding how trait networks can be manipulated to improve the performance of crop species. Working towards this goal, we have identified key traits linking the acquisition of water, the transport of water to the sites of evaporation and photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and growth across eight maize hybrid lines grown under well‐watered and water‐limiting conditions in Northern Colorado. Under well‐watered conditions, hybrids with higher end‐of‐season growth and grain yield exhibited higher leaf‐specific conductance, lower operating water potentials, higher rates of midday stomatal conductance, higher rates of net CO2 assimilation, and greater leaf osmotic adjustment. This trait network was similar under water‐limited conditions with the notable exception that linkages between water transport, midday stomatal conductance, and growth were even stronger than under fully watered conditions. The maintenance of high leaf‐specific conductance throughout the day was achieved via higher maximal conductance rates rather than lower susceptibility to conductance loss. Our results suggest that efforts to improve maize performance in well‐watered and water‐limiting conditions would benefit from considering the physiological trait networks governing water and carbon flux rather than focusing on single traits independently of one another.
A review on sox genes in fish
Authors: Hu Yacheng , Wang Binzhong , Du Hejun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Sry‐related high mobility group box (Sox) genes family is a group of transcription factors playing crucial roles during reproduction and development. At least 50% amino acid sequences of Sox protein family are similarity to the sex‐determining region on the Y chromosome (Sry). The sox family exists throughout the invertebrates and vertebrates and plays an important role in sex determination and differentiation, gonadal development, neurogenesis, formation of multiple tissues and organs, early embryonic development, chondrocyte differentiation, cardio‐vascular system, and other features in fish. The full characters of sox genes at the genome‐wide level have been reported in many fish species, due to the rapid development of high‐throughput DNA sequencing technique and massive accumulation of genomic data. Here, the research progress of fish sox gene family is reviewed to provide the latest information for the research in this field.
Physical performance and loading for six playing positions in elite female football: full‐game, end‐game, and peak periods
Authors: Panduro Jeppe , Ermidis Georgios , Røddik Line , Vigh‐Larsen Jeppe F. , Madsen Esben Elholm , Larsen Malte Nejst , Pettersen Svein Arne , Krustrup Peter , Randers Morten B. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe present study investigated the position‐specific match demands and heart rate response of female elite footballers, with special focus on the full‐game, end‐game, and peak‐intensity periods. In total, 217 match observations were performed in 94 players from all eight teams of the best Danish Women's League, that is, goalkeepers (GK, n = 10), central defenders (CD, n = 23), full‐backs (FB, n = 18), central midfielders (CM, n = 28), external midfielders (EM, n = 18), and forwards (FW, n = 11). Positional data (GPS; 10 Hz Polar Team Pro) and HR responses were collected. HRmean and HRpeak were 87%‐89% and 98%‐99% of HRmax, for outfield players, with no positional differences. CM, EM, and FB covered 8%‐14% greater (P < .001) match distances than CD. EM, FW, FB, and CM performed 40%‐64% more (P < .05) high‐speed running and 41%‐95% more (P < .01) very‐high‐speed running (VHSR) than CD. From the first to the last 15‐minute period, total distance, except for FW, number of VHSR, except FB, peak speed and sum of accelerations and sum of decelerations decreased (P < .05) for all outfield positions. In the most intense 5‐minute period, EM, FB, and CM performed 25%‐34% more (P < .01) HSR than CD, whereas EM, FW, and FB performed 36%‐49% more (P < .01) VHSR than CD. In conclusion, competitive elite female matches impose high physical demands on all outfield playing positions, with high aerobic loading throughout matches and marked declines in high‐speed running and intense accelerations and decelerations toward the end of games. Overall physical match demands are much lower for central defenders than for the other outfield playing positions, albeit this difference is minimized in peak‐intensity periods.
Association between pattern of team sport participation from adolescence to young adulthood and mental health
Authors: Murray Ross M. , Sabiston Catherine M. , Doré Isabelle , Bélanger Mathieu , O’Loughlin Jennifer L. 
Published: March 2021

We examined relationships between pattern of team sport participation during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood (ie, non‐participants, initiators, discontinuers, sustainers) and indicators of mental health. Data on team sport participation and mental health from high school to young adulthood were drawn from the longitudinal NDIT study. After controlling for demographics, physical activity, and previous mental health, one‐way MANCOVA and ANCOVAs indicated that pattern of team sport participation was associated with stress, F(2,706) =8.28, p < .01, and coping, F(2,706) = 10.66, p < .01 in young adulthood. Compared to non‐participants (24% of sample) or those who discontinued team sport after adolescence (51%), individuals who sustained team sport participation from adolescence to young adulthood (22%) reported lower stress and better coping levels. Bivariate regression analysis indicated that, compared to non‐participants, team sport sustainers were less likely to experience panic disorder symptoms (OR =0.57, 95% CI [0.34, 0.94], p = .03). There were too few team sport initiators (2%) to be included in analyses. Sustained team sport participation during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood may promote better mental health. Further research is needed to ascertain causality and develop strategies to encourage individuals to join sport teams during adolescence and sustain participation while transitioning to young adulthood.
The moral case for coal: The ethics of complicity with and amongst Australian pro‐coal lobbyists
Authors: Dahlgren Kari 
Published: March 2021

AbstractConcern with climate change, and coal's contribution to it, has centred coal in an intensely moralised politics of accusation in Australia. This paper discusses the ordinary ethics through which pro‐coal lobbyists in Australia relate to this moralised landscape and offers an analysis of the everyday and ordinary production of complicity with climate change. It argues that complicity is not just something that insufficiently ethical people engage in, but instead highlights the ways in which the coal industry derives a moral weight for its defenders. This complicity is made and reproduced precisely through the everyday practices of ethical deliberation figured in response to interpersonal moral accusations. These insights are made possible through the author's own positionality and surprising affinities with pro‐coal lobbyists, and thus this paper argues for an anthropology of extractive industry which embraces the interplay of anthropological rapport with complicity.
Significance of caveolin‐1 immunohistochemical staining differences in biopsy samples from kidney recipients with BK virus viremia
Authors: Arpali Emre , Sunnetcioglu Ecem , Demir Erol , Saglam Arzu , Ozluk Yasemin , Velioglu Arzu , Yelken Berna , Baydar Dilek E. , Turkmen Aydin , Oguz Fatma S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBK virus infections which usually remains asymptomatic in healthy adults may have different clinical manifestations in immunocompromised patient population. BK virus reactivation can cause BK virus nephropathy in 8% of kidney transplant patients and graft loss may be seen if not treated. Clathrin or Caveolar system is known to be required for the transport of many viruses from Polyomaviruses family including BK viruses. In this study, kidney transplant patients with BK virus viremia were divided into two groups according to the BK virus nephropathy found in kidney biopsy (Group I: Viremia+, Nephropathy+ / Group II: Viremia+, Nephropathy−). Kidney biopsies were examined with immunohistochemical staining to determine the distribution and density of the Caveolin‐1 and Clathrin molecules. Immunohistochemical staining of the 31 pathologic specimens with anti‐caveolin‐1 immunoglobulin revealed statistically significant difference between group‐I and group‐II. The number of the specimens stained with anti‐caveolin‐1 was less in group I. On the other hand, we did not find any difference between the groups regarding the anti‐clathrin immunochemical analysis. According to these findings, caveolin‐1 expression differences in kidney transplant patients may be important in disease progression.
Making space for drones: The contested reregulation of airspace in Tanzania and Rwanda
Authors: Lockhart Andy , While Aidan , Marvin Simon , Kovacic Mateja , Odendaal Nancy , Alexander Christian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn contrast to their use in warfare and surveillance, there is growing interest in the potential of “drones for good” to deliver societal benefits, for example by delivering medical products and other essential goods. Yet development of medical and commercial delivery has been limited globally by restrictive regulation to protect airspace safety and security. In this paper we examine how certain African countries have become testbeds for new forms of drone infrastructure and regulation, driven by the overlapping interests of governments, drone operators, and international development agencies. In particular we explore the factors that have led to the development of an advanced medical delivery network in Rwanda and contrast that with the closing down of airspace for drones in Tanzania. The paper makes a distinctive contribution to research on the ongoing constitution of dronespace as a sphere of commercial and governmental activity. Rwanda’s drone delivery system is seen as the forerunner for the wider enclosure and parcelling up of the lower atmosphere into designated drone corridors that limit the democratic and disruptive potential of drone activity in line with prevailing logics of airspace regulation.
Approximate Lyapunov–Perron Transformations: Computation and Applications to Quasi-Periodic Systems
Authors: Sharma Ashu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A new technique for the analysis of dynamical equations with quasi-periodic coefficients (so-called quasi-periodic systems) is presented. The technique utilizes Lyapunov–Perron (L–P) transformation to reduce the linear part of a quasi-periodic system into the time-invariant form. A general approach for the construction of L–P transformations in the approximate form is suggested. First, the linear part of a quasi-periodic system is replaced by a periodic system with a “suitable” large principal period. Then, the state transition matrix (STM) of the periodic system is computed in the symbolic form using Floquet theory. Finally, Lyapunov–Floquet theorem is used to compute approximate L–P transformations. A two-frequency quasi-periodic system is studied and transformations are generated for stable, unstable, and critical cases. The effectiveness of these transformations is demonstrated by investigating three distinct quasi-periodic systems. They are applied to a forced linear quasi-periodic system to generate analytical solutions. It is found that the closeness of the analytical solutions to the exact solutions depends on the principal period of the periodic system. A general approach to obtain the stability bounds on linear quasi-periodic systems with stochastic perturbations is also discussed. Finally, the usefulness of approximate L–P transformations is presented by analyzing a nonlinear quasi-periodic system with cubic nonlinearity using time-dependent normal form (TDNF) theory. The closed-form solution generated is found to be in good agreement with the exact solution.
The science and medicine of human immunology
Authors: Pulendran Bali , Davis Mark M. 
Published: March 2021

Immunology through a human lens
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has underscored the critical need to better understand the human immune system and how to unleash its power to develop vaccines and therapeutics. Much of our knowledge of the immune system has accrued from studies in mice, yet vaccines and drugs that work effectively in mice do not always translate into humans. Pulendran and Davis review recent technological advances that have facilitated the study of the immune system in humans. They discuss new insights and how these can affect the development of drugs and vaccines in the modern era.

Science
, this issue p.
eaay4014
New multicellular marine macroalgae from the early Tonian of northwestern Canada
Authors: Maloney Katie M. , Halverson Galen P. , Schiffbauer James D. , Xiao Shuhai , Gibson Timothy M. , Lechte Maxwell A. , Cumming Vivien M. , Millikin Alexie E.G. , Murphy Jack G. , Wallace Malcolm W. , Selby David , Laflamme Marc 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMolecular phylogenetic data suggest that photosynthetic eukaryotes first evolved in freshwater environments in the early Proterozoic and diversified into marine environments by the Tonian Period, but early algal evolution is poorly reflected in the fossil record. Here, we report newly discovered, millimeter- to centimeter-scale macrofossils from outer-shelf marine facies of the ca. 950–900 Ma (Re-Os minimum age constraint = 898 ± 68 Ma) Dolores Creek Formation in the Wernecke Mountains, northwestern Canada. These fossils, variably preserved by iron oxides and clay minerals, represent two size classes. The larger forms feature unbranching thalli with uniform cells, differentiated cell walls, longitudinal striations, and probable holdfasts, whereas the smaller specimens display branching but no other diagnostic features. While the smaller population remains unresolved phylogenetically and may represent cyanobacteria, we interpret the larger fossils as multicellular eukaryotic macroalgae with a plausible green algal affinity based on their large size and presence of rib-like wall ornamentation. Considered as such, the latter are among the few green algae and some of the largest macroscopic eukaryotes yet recognized in the early Neoproterozoic. Together with other Tonian fossils, the Dolores Creek fossils indicate that eukaryotic algae, including green algae, colonized marine environments by the early Neoproterozoic Era.
Spatio-temporal patterns of Pyrenean exhumation revealed by inverse thermo-kinematic modeling of a large thermochronologic data set
Authors: Curry Magdalena Ellis , Beek Peter van der , Huismans Ritske S. , Wolf Sebastian G. , Fillon Charlotte , Muñoz Josep-Anton 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Large thermochronologic data sets enable orogen-scale investigations into spatio-temporal patterns of erosion and deformation. We present the results of a thermo-kinematic modeling study that examines large-scale controls on spatio-temporal variations in exhumation as recorded by multiple low-temperature thermochronometers in the Pyrenees mountains (France/Spain). Using 264 compiled cooling ages spanning ∼200 km of the orogen, a recent model for its topographic evolution, and the thermo-kinematic modeling code Pecube, we evaluated two models for Axial Zone (AZ) exhumation: (1) thrust sheet–controlled (north-south) exhumation, and (2) along-strike (east-west) variable exhumation. We also measured the degree to which spatially variable post-orogenic erosion influenced the cooling ages. We found the best fit for a model of along-strike variable exhumation. In the eastern AZ, rock uplift rates peak at ≥1 mm/yr between 40 and 30 Ma, whereas in the western AZ, they peak between 30 and 20 Ma. The amount of post-orogenic (&lt;20 Ma) erosion increases from &lt;1.0 km in the eastern Pyrenees to &gt;2.5 km in the west. The data reveal a pattern of exhumation that is primarily controlled by structural inheritance, with ancillary patterns reflecting growth and erosion of the antiformal stack and post-orogenic surface processes.