bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LIPOCALIN-2 CORRELATES WITH ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN OBESE PATIENTS
Authors: Aguayo Ana Karen Guzmán , Lista Francisco Javier Manzano , Herrera Miguel Ángel Rubio , Hernández Beatriz Somoza , Ortega Marta Gil , Rizo Valeria Díaz , Martín Elena Vega , Trujillo X , Nava Ji Gamez , Muñoz Eg Cardona , Alfonso Marisol Fernández 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
Increased arterial stiffness, as reflected by an increased pulse wave velocity (PWV), is independently associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in obese patients. Obesity is a low grade chronic inflammatory process due to the increase of visceral fat and adipokine overproduction. One of these adipokines, lipocalin-2, is an important biomarker in processes dealing with inflammation and oxidative stress. The hypothesis of this study is that arterial stiffness is increased in obesity, associated with the elevation of lipocalin-2 in plasma.

Design and method:
The association between lipocalin-2 and PWV was analyzed in 84 subjects (74 women and 10 men) with or without obesity. Subjects were classified according to the body mass index (BMI) in normal weight (18.5 - 24.9 kg/m2, n = 43) or obesity (> 30 kg/m2, n = 41). In addition, 55 morbid obese patients (grade IV) were studied before and one year after bariatric surgery (BS). Intrinsic arterial stiffness was analyzed in omental arteries dissected from omental adipose tissue from patients undergoing BS with a pressure myograph.

Results:
Lipocalin-2 levels were higher in the obesity group than in the normal weight group (85.6 ng/mL vs 66.29 ng/mL, p < 0.05). Lipocalin-2 levels correlated significantly with PWV, indicative of the presence of arterial stiffness. In morbid obese patients, elevated levels of lipocalin-2 were observed prior to surgery (113.1 ± 5.0 ng/mL) and significantly decreased after surgery (94.3 ± 6.2ng/mL). Mechanical studies performed in omental arteries from these patients evidenced a stiffness index B of 13.9 ± 2.5, as an index of intrinsic arterial stiffness.

Conclusions:
From these results we can conclude that lipocalin-2 levels correlate with the degree of obesity and, in turn, with intrinsic arterial stiffness and pulse wave velocity.
INFLAMMATORY MARKERS AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Alves Hugo Farah Affonso , Santo Bruno Dussoni Moreira Dos , Vallap João Gabriel Rega Do Nascimento , Silva João Gabriel Bezerra Da , Gonçalves Larissa De Oliveira , Kimura Lulcca Hiroshi De Sá , Nolasco Vitor De Melo , Carl Fernanda Oliveira De Carvalho , Cortez Arthur Fernandes , Chedier Bernardo , Muxfeldt Elizabeth 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
Background: Resistant hypertension (RHT) defined as an uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) despite the use of 3 or more antihypertensives presents a high cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and high prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). High BP levels and kidney injury appear to be strongly associated with inflammatory biomarkers.

Objective:
To evaluate the relationship between inflammatory markers and subclinical and established CKD in a large cohort of patients with RHT

Design and method:
Cross-sectional study that evaluated 423 resistant hypertensives (30.5% male, mean age 64.0 ± 10.8 years) submitted to renal function assessment (albuminuria dosage and evaluation of glomerular filtration rate calculated from the CKD-EPI formula) and dosage of inflammatory markers: TNF-alpha, MCP-1, E-selectin and PAI-1. Socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and CV risk factors were recorded. We considered subclinical CKD those patients with moderately high albuminuria (30–300 mg/g) and/or GFR between 30 and 60 ml/min/1.73m2 and established CKD those who presented albuminuria > 300 mg/g and/or TFG < 30 ml/min/1.73m2. Variance analysis compared serum levels of the 4 inflammatory markers and bivariate analysis compared patients with and without subclinical and established chronic kidney disease.

Results:
The prevalence of established CKD was 7.3% (31 patients) and subclinical CKD was 47% (187 patients). Patients with subclinical CKD were older and with higher arterial stiffness (higher pulse wave velocity). TNF-alpha (7.1 [4.4–8.6] vs 51, [3.2–7.5]) and MCP-1(284 [220–379] vs 260 [185–359] were significant higher in this group of patients. When we analyzed patients with established CKD, we observed that they have higher BP levels and that TNF-alpha values (7.8 [5.6–14.0] vs 5.6 [3.5–8.3]) and E-selectin (54.4[41.2–61.3] vs. 47.8 [32.0–65.3]) were significantly higher in this group.

Conclusions:
Among the inflammatory markers evaluated, which was most strongly correlated with subclinical CKD were TNF-alpha and MCP-1, while those with established CKD have higher TNF-alpha and E-selectin levels, possibly pointing out that the MCP-1 is an earlier marker of kidney injury.
PLASMA N-GLYCOME AS INCIDENCE HYPERTENSION PREDICTOR
Authors: Cvetko Ana , Kifer Domagoj , Deris Helena , Cindric Ana , Spector Tim D. , Padmanabhan Sandosh , Lauc Gordan , Menni Cristina 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
N-glycosylation, one of the most complex co- and post-translational modifications, is a highly regulated process influenced by many diseases. There is evidence that N-glycosylation could be a marker of hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine if plasma N-glycome is predictor of incident hypertension (HTN).

Design and method:
We selected 271 unrelated cases with incident hypertension and 271 controls matched for age, BMI and follow-up time from the TwinsUK cohort (mean follow-up time was 8.5 years). Longitudinal plasma N-glycome (39 directly measured traits) was measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (HILIC-UPLC).
Logistic regression with elastic net penalty (a = 1 and l = 10e-2) and 10-fold cross validation was implemented on this subset fitting two models: null, with baseline age, BMI and follow-up time, and glyco, with null + baseline plasma N-glycans as predictors. Models were evaluated by comparing their area under the curves using bootstrap test.
Most important glycans contributing to prediction of incident HTN in elastic net were further assessed by Cox survival analysis to estimate their effect on the risk of incident HTN. Cox models were fitted using the whole dataset, with baseline BMI and age as covariates and Family ID as random effect.

Results:
Glyco model (AUC = 0.628, 95%CI = 0.582–0.675) was significantly better in prediction of incident HTN in contrast to null model (AUC = 0.524, 95%CI = 0.475–0.570; p < 0.001) explaining an extra 10%. The glyco model identified 6 plasma glycans mostly contributing to the prediction. These include four high branched structures with two to four sialic acids (GP25, GP27, GP31, GP32) originating from a-1-acid glycoprotein, one structure with two branches and one sialic acid (GP15), and one glycan peak (GP2) without sialic acid, related to high mannose structure or structure ending with a bisecting N-acetylglucosamine residue. Cox survival analysis showed that only GP32 significantly increased risk (log(HR) = 0.253, 95%CI = 0.075–0.432; p = 0.006) of incident hypertension.

Conclusions:
Baseline plasma N-glycome is associated with incident hypertension in our cohort of adult female subjects. N-glycome of a-1-acid glycoprotein appears to contribute the most to hypertension risk and merits further validation studies in independent cohorts.
BNP LEVELS AND LEFT VENTRICULAR MORPHOLOGY AND FUNCTION IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER AN INTRAVENOUS SALINE LOAD
Authors: Bulfone Luca , Catena Cristiana , Da Porto Andrea , Colussi Gianluca , Cecotti Alessandra , Scandolin Laura , Cavarape Alessandro , Sechi Leonardo 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
Previous studies have reported a relationship between BNP levels and left ventricular (LV) morphology and function in essential hypertension (EH), but results are conflicting. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between BNP levels measured before and after a standard saline load (SLT), plasma aldosterone (PA), active renin (AR), and LV variables in EH patients without heart failure or valvular disease.

Design and method:
In 155 EH patients (age 48 ± 12 years, 92 males, 64 treatment-naïve, the remaining 91 after drug wash-out), a SLT (0.9% saline, 2 L in 4 hours) was performed with baseline and post-SLT measurement of PA, AR, BNP pre- and post-test (pre-BNP, post-BNP). Echocardiography with Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) was performed, with measurement of indexed LV mass (LVMI), ejection fraction (EF), TDI-S velocity, E/A and E/e’ ratios, and TDI-e’ velocity.

Results:
Pre-BNP level was higher in females than males, and in patients with previous antihypertensive treatment than in naive patients. Pre-BNP level was significantly and directly related to age, LVMI, E/e’, and inversely related to glomerular filtration (GFR), AR, TDI-S, E/A, and TDI-e’. Post-BNP levels was higher in females and in previously treated patients, and it was positively related to age, E/e’ ratio, and inversely related to GFR, AR, TDI-S, E/A, and TDI-e’. At multivariate analysis pre-BNP level was independently associated with age, female gender, GFR, and AR, while post-BNP level was independently associated with age, AR, and previous antihypertensive treatment.

Conclusions:
In EH patients, plasma BNP is related with LVMI and LV systolic and diastolic function before and after a SLT, but this relationship seems to be limited to female sex and older subjects. Measurement of BNP might be useful for identification and follow-up of subclinical LV abnormalities in these patients.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF MID-REGIONAL PROADRENOMEDULLIN (MR-PROADM) IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND HYPERTENSION
Authors: Czajkowska Katarzyna , Zbroch Edyta , Bielach-Bazyluk Angelika , Koc-Zorawska Ewa , Kakareko Katarzyna , Rydzewska-Rosolowska Alicja , Hryszko Tomasz 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a peptide hormone with an antihypertensive effect. ADM plasma concentration is elevated in hypertension, heart failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Unfortunately, ADM is an unstable peptide, therefore the stable MR-proADM protein, produced in the course of ADM synthesis in a 1:1 ratio, maybe used as a biomarker in diagnostic procedures. The aim of the study was to assess the MR-proADM plasma concentration in conservatively treated patients with CKD and hypertension comparing to healthy volunteers in regard to kidney function, blood pressure control and cardiovascular parameters.

Design and method:
The plasma concentration of MR-proADM was evaluated in 80 patients with chronic kidney disease conservatively treated and hypertension (median age 76 years) and in 27 healthy volunteers using ELISA test. The blood pressure control and echocardiography were assessed. The statistical analysis included the stages of CKD, the degree of hypertension and the presence of cardiovascular complications.

Results:
The plasma MR-proADM concentration was higher in patients with CKD comparing to the control group (247.32 pg / ml vs 65.20 pg / ml; p < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between MR-proADM and the dimensions of the left ventricle (p = 0.0039, r = 0.33) and left atrium (p = 0.026, r = 0.26), and a negative correlation between MR-proADM and the ejection fraction rate (p = 0.043 r = -0.23). There were no significant differences in the plasma concentration of MR-proADM depending on the degree of hypertension and CKD stages.

Conclusions:
Chronic kidney disease is associated with an increased level of plasma MR-proADM similarly to abnormal volume of heart cavities and reduced left ventricular ejection. However, the usefulness of MR-proADM protein as a biomarker of CKD and increased cardiovascular risk requires further research.
PERIOSTIN AS A POTENTIAL BIOMARKER FOR PREDICTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN SUBJECTS WITH TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS: EVIDENCE FROM A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Azharuddin Md Azharuddin , Kapur Prem , Sharma Manju 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
Periostin may be playing a central role in the pathogenesis of heart failure and myocardial infraction among patients with diabetes, and therapies targeting the periostin pathway may represent a novel treatment strategy. The unmet need of early detection and diagnosis of cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is required to ensure adequate prevention to delay the diabetic complications.
Therefore, the aim of this study is to find out the association between periostin level, anthropometric measurements, and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with T2DM.

Design and method:
A cross-sectional study included a total of 130 Indian T2DM patients and 40 healthy control. All anthropometric measures and biochemical parameters including periostin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and leukocyte count were estimated. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to assess the significant association between periostin level and other biochemical parameters. p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:
The mean age of the included participants were 52.42 years. Serum periostin levels were higher among obese T2DM patients. Correlation analysis showed positive correlation between serum periostin levels and waist circumference (WC), BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial glucose (PPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), hsCRP, leukocyte count (p < 0.05) however, negative correlation was observed with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p < 0.05). After adjustment, regression model showed hsCRP, BMI, TG were independent predictors of elevated serum periostin (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Evidence from the current study suggested that periostin levels were higher among patients with higher BMI groups and it is significantly associated with lipid profile, anthropometric measures, and inflammatory biomarkers. periostin may consider as a novel biomarker to measure the early cardiovascular risk. However, lacking follow-up it further creates room for future investigation. Therefore, further real-world studies warrant to robust the present findings.
NON-DIPPING ASSOCIATED PARAMETERS IN SINUS RHYTHM INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Zhemanyuk Svitlana , Syvolap Vitaliy 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between non-dipping pattern of systolic BP (SBP) in sinus rhythm individuals.

Design and method:
We studied 145 individuals (mean age, 60 [95% CI, 59–62] years, 54% men), 92% was essential hypertension patients, who underwent 24-h ABPM and 24-h ECG. Averages were measured for SBP, diastolic (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and 24-h ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) calculated. According to the degree of nocturnal SBP fall (according to the 24-hour-clock-based definition of night from 1 am to 6 am), patients were sub-classified as dippers (39%) and non-dippers (61%), which included mild dippers (60/89), extreme dippers (6/89), reverse dippers (23/89). A bivariate multivariate logistic regression analysis (Stata 15) was performed to evaluate the value of ABPM parameters for non-dipping status.

Results:
Comparisons between groups showed no differences in age, sex, as well as in SBP, DBP, PP, MAP. The best fitting model for explanatory non-dipping pattern (log likelihood = -97.82; AUC ROC = 0.6372) after adjustment for age, sex (male vs female), SBP, DBP, PP, MAP with ORs included AASI (11.57 [CI 95%, 1.02–130.47], p = 0.048).

Conclusions:
24-h AASI is the only one ABPM parameter that associated with non-dipping pattern in individuals with sinus rhythm.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS IN ARTERIAL STIFFNESS BETWEEN TWO ASSESSMENT METHODS – SPHYGMOCOR AGAINST MOBIL-PULSE WAVE VELOCITY – IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Zanatta João Marcos De M , Ricardi Fábio Dos S , Rubio Tatiana De A , Cestário Elizabeth E S , Cosenso-Martin Luciana N , Yugar-Toledo Juan C , Vilela-Martin José F 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
To compare the pulse wave velocity (PWV) results obtained by Sphygmocor AtCor Medical, by radial tonometry, and Mobil-Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor-Pulse Wave Velocity (Mobil-ABPM-PWV) 24 hours, an oscillometric method.

Design and method:
Sixty-three controlled hypertensive (41 female and 22 male) and sixty-three resistant hypertensive (36 female and 27 male) patients were recruited and submitted to evaluation of arterial stiffness by the SphygmoCor (radial tonometry) and by Mobil-ABPM-PWV (oscillometric method). Linear regression and Bland-Altmann test were used to statistics analysis.

Results:
The correlations of the PWV as assessed with Mobil-ABPM-PWV 24 hours with the values obtained using the SphygmoCor radial tonometry were significant (controlled hypertensive patients: r = 0.54, P < 0001; resistant hypertensive patients: r = 0.48, P < 0.001). Comparison Bland-Altman plot showed concordance correlation coefficient (controlled hypertensive patients = 5.0, P < 0.0001 and resistant hypertensive patients = 4.8, P < 0.0001). Figures 1–4.

Conclusions:
The oscillometric method Mobil-ABPM-PWV is an easy-to-use and time-effective method for assessing arterial stiffness compared with the SphygmoCor AtCor radial tonometry.
MEASUREMENT OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE ARM AND FOREARM: IS THERE A DIFFERENCE?
Authors: Zanatta LóSo Marcos De Menezes , Yugar Lucy Toledo , Cestari Elizabeth Do Espirito Santo , Souza Maira Regina De , Mello Priscilla Galisteu De , Rubio Tatiane De Azvedo , Gonzales Elizangela Gianini , Costa Larissa Morete Caieiro Da , Martin Luciana Neves Cosenso , Tacito Lucia Helena Bonalumi , Ferreira-Melo Silvia Elaine , Moreno Heitor , Vilela-Nartin José Fernando , Yugar-Toledo Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
Obtain an accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) is of fundamental importance for the diagnosis and follow-up of hypertensive patients. It is known that in some patients, such accuracy is not possible due to the anatomical changes in the musculature of the arm, obesity, and dysmorphisms. Objective: To evaluate and compare blood pressure values using the traditional method of measuring blood pressure in the arm with the values measured in the forearm in hypertensive patients for validation of this technique in obese patients and/or with the arm dysmorphisms.

Design and method:
Were included 70 patients of both sexes, aged between 30 and 90 years of hypertension outpatient clinic of the State Medical School of São José doRio Preto FAMERP - SP. The BP was measured by the oscillometric method using two electronic devices, with clamp standard for adults with arm circumference between 220 mm and 420 mm and automatic inflation and deflation of air, with pressure variation of 0–280 mmHg (appliance, MICROLIFE BP3AC1–1 model PC) obeying the VII Brazilian Guidelines for the treatment of hypertension. The anthropometric data were obtained at the beginning of the research for sample characterization, as well as information on gender and age.

Results:
In accordance with the statistical analysis of the data measured blood pressure could observe that the linear correlation values are >80%, which corresponds to an excellent correlation between the measurements of arm and forearm for both systolic and diastolic BP, me, an BP and pulse pressure.

Conclusions:
Both measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were equivalent in arm and forearm, in such a way that can be considered effective measurement of BP in the forearm in hypertensive patients being of particular usefulness in obese patients or who present arms dysmorphisms.
COMPARISON OF ATTENDED AND UNATTENDED CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL OFFICE BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN GENERAL PRACTICE
Authors: Fuentes Linda Elizabeth Villagomez , Höller Julia , Riemer Thomas Günther , Matthias Klaus , Kreutz Reinhold 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
Central hemodynamic indices have been established as parameters of arterial health, but the prognostic value of central vs. conventional office blood pressure (OBP) measurements remains unclear. Furthermore, the use of attended vs. unattended automated OBP measurements is a current topic of controversy.

Design and method:
We conducted a prospective cohort study in general practice in Germany and included 42 consecutive patients with hypertension. The Mobil-O-Graph oscillometric device was used for the automated OBP recordings in all patients. Measurements were performed in a separate quiet room after five minutes rest in seated position. We compared in random order in each patient the attended vs. unattended automated central and peripheral systolic OBP (SOBP), diastolic OBP (DOBP), and pulse velocity wave (PVW).

Results:
The mean age of patients was 71 years (range 34–89 years, 54.8% females). Patients were treated on average with 1.95 antihypertensive drugs. The mean attended and unattended automated peripheral SOBP (131.7 and 131.6 mmHg, respectively) and DOBP (83.4 and 82.4 mmHg, respectively) values recorded by the device were not significantly different. In addition, there was no difference between the mean attended and unattended central aortic SOBP (120.1 and 120.2 mmHg, respectively) and DOBP (84.7 and 83.7 mmHg, respectively) values. Bland-Altman analysis revealed the small inter-individual differences between attended und unattended peripheral and central SOBP and DOBP values. There was no asymmetry and narrow limits of agreement between the two methods. Finally, no significant difference for PVW was found between attended and unattended measurements (10.1 and 10.2 m/sec, respectively).

Conclusions:
The attended versus unattended status of automated OBP measurements had no impact on derived peripheral OBP, central OBP and PVW values in general practice when using the Mobil-O-Graph oscillometric device.