bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Health and Dental Care Among Older Adults in China: What Are the Risk and Protective Factors?
Authors: Mao Weiyu , Pei Yaolin , Luo Huabin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Oral health is a global public health concern. The four papers in this symposium capture various understudied risk and protective factors in oral health and dental care among older adults in China. The first paper examined the relationship between social isolation, loneliness, and tooth loss among Chinese older adults, using the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. The findings suggest that higher levels of social isolation, rather than loneliness, were associated with fewer remaining teeth and accelerated tooth loss over time. The second paper investigated urban-rural disparities in dental care utilization among Chinese adults aged 18 to 65 years old, using the 2019 New Era and Living Conditions in Megacities Survey. The findings demonstrate urban residents were more likely to visit dentists than rural residents. Besides socioeconomic status, health attitudes/behaviors, and oral health needs, health insurance coverage was considered an important enabling factor to promote dental care use in this population. The third paper examined the relationship between denture use and cognitive decline among Chinese older adults, using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. The findings indicate that denture use is protective against cognitive decline over time in later life. The fourth paper examined the prevalence of self-reported orofacial pain symptoms and their correlates at the last year of life among Chinese older adults. Low socioeconomic status, smoking, chronic conditions, oral hygiene practice, and natural teeth condition were associated with such symptoms. This symposium offers valuable insights to improve oral health and dental care in older adults in China.
Predictors of Physical Activity Among Older Breast Cancer Survivors: Findings From the WHI LILAC Study
Authors: Krok-Schoen Jessica , Pennell Michael , Naughton Michelle , Zhang Xiaochen , Shadyab Aladdin , Kroenke Candyce , Saquib Nazmus , Paskett Electra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We examined the factors associated with physical activity following cancer treatment among older breast cancer survivors from the WHI LILAC study. The majority of participants (n=3,710, mean age=78.8±5.9) were white (86%), and had in situ/localized breast cancer (79%). Women who received radiation therapy, were underweight/normal weight, had fewer reported cancer-related symptoms, no lymphedema, higher self-rated health, higher physical functioning, no pain, no depressive symptoms, and higher social support had significantly greater participation and duration of physical activity (all p&lt;0.05). Women aged &lt;75 who received radiation had longer duration of total minutes of physical activity (β=19.7, p&lt;0.05), while women aged 75-85 who received radiation had shorter duration of total minutes of physical activity (β=-3.2, p&lt;0.05). These results indicate that multiple health and social factors are associated with physical activity in this cohort. Interventions to facilitate physical activity among this group should consider body weight, symptom burden, comorbidity status, and social support.
Inspire: A New Effort on Geroscience in Toulouse, France
Authors: Sierra Felipe , Vellas Bruno 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Inspire project of the Toulouse Hospital System is a comprehensive approach to health care in older adults, focused on maintenance of health and physical function. At the core of the project are human, mouse and killifish cohorts, which in the case of humans, is comprised of 1,000 subjects of ages 20 and above, which are followed for a total of 10 years, both via visits to the clinic, and electronic follow-up via the ICOPE app. At recruitment they are stratified as robust, pre-frail or frail according to Fried’s criteria, and then followed for loss of Intrinsic Capacities, as defined by WHO. A parallel cohort of Swiss mice with enhanced (exercise) and decreased (high fat diet) health will be used to measure concordant parameters. The project is generating a significant biorepository that is being used to pursue research in several areas where Toulouse has a significant research strength.
Links of Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders to Alzheimer’s Disease for Medicare Beneficiaries Ages 65+
Authors: Nikitin Stanislav Kolpakov , Yashkin Arseniy , Akushevich Igor 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To explore racial disparities in the interaction between Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), Graves disease (GD), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)we used age-adjusted rates for Medicare beneficiaries aged 65+. We investigated race/ethnicity/gender-specific trends of age-adjusted prevalence of HT and GD over 1991-2017 and used the Cox proportional hazards model with propensity score matching to explore the associations between AD and these thyroid disorders. The total age-adjusted prevalence of GD was increasing over the study period reaching a maximum of 0.35% in 2014 followed by a gradual decline. Except for relatively high prevalence rates in Native American Males, no statistically significant sex/race-related differences were identified. GD was found to be associated with an increased risk of AD onset [HR: 1.129; CI: 1.050-1.215]. The mechanism of interaction between thyroiditis and AD could follow several alternative pathways. The primary mechanism involves changes in blood vessel function, mostly arterial wall stiffness, which leads to increased pulse wave velocity and consequently to the higher amplitude of oscillation of the peripheral microcapillary system in the brain leading to cerebral leukoaraiosis and damage in kidney tissue. This, in turn, leads to kidney diseases (themselves associated with AD/ADRD), increased for HT and decreased for GD LDL cholesterol levels and an increased for HT and decreased for GD total/HDL cholesterol ratio, which has an important role in increased common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in hypothyroid patients and is linked to arteriosclerosis. Additionally, both, endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness are risk factors for coronary or artery disease and consequently increase risks for AD/ADRD.
Preventable Hospitalizations in Adults With Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias: United States, 2016–2018
Authors: Olivari Benjamin , Taylor Christopher , Patel Roshni , Lamb Raza , Baumgart Matthew , McGuire Lisa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) are a significant public health burden. Preventing hospitalizations in adults with ADRD is a public health priority. Data from the 2016–2018 Healthcare Cost Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample, an all-payer representative sample of US hospitalizations, were used to describe potentially preventable hospitalizations in adults ≥45 years with ADRD using International Classification of Disease, Tenth Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes. Definitions for principal or any-listed ICD-10-CM codes from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality defined potentially preventable hospitalizations where admissions might have been avoided by appropriate outpatient primary care management. Of discharges in adults ≥45 years with a potentially preventable hospitalization diagnosis, 11.4% (N=389,155) had a diagnosis of ADRD listed in any position. Of those discharges with ADRD, a significantly higher proportion (82.6%) with diagnosis related to potentially preventable hospitalizations were aged ≥75 years compared to 78.9% without potentially preventable hospitalizations. Additionally, of those with ADRD and potentially preventable hospitalization diagnoses, a higher proportion died in the hospital (5.7%) compared to those without potentially preventable hospitalization diagnoses (3.4%). The most common potentially preventable hospitalization diagnoses among adults with ADRD were related to sepsis (34.0%), injuries (20.8%), urinary tract infections (14.2%), and heart failure (12.7%). Measures focusing on preventing injuries as well as identifying early signs and symptoms of potentially preventable hospitalizations like urinary tract infections and sepsis in adults with ADRD could reduce the number of preventable hospitalizations in this population.
PRISM 2.0: Technical Challenges
Authors: Charness Neil , Boot Walter , Czaja Sara , Rogers Wendy , Sharit Joseph 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PRISM 2.0 was designed to run on Android tablets and made use of both customized apps that relied on Google’s browser and e-mail functionality as well as commercial apps, such as Microsoft’s Skype for videoconferencing. We also made use of functionality provided by our partner AT&T, such as their sim cards to provide cell-based internet connectivity to participants who did not have access to Wi-Fi internet services to their home (cable, DSL), as well as tablet management software to deploy updates. The Miami site provided central management and tablet deployment and redeployment services and support as well as coordinating locally provided tech support at the three sites. We discuss some of the technical challenges associated with these arrangements. We focus on how changes to the operating system broke some of our apps necessitating substitution of other apps and provision of new training, and how Covid-19 affected technical support.
The Role of Optimal Dyadic Mental Health in Couples Living With Lung Cancer: Interdependence, Congruence, or Balance?
Authors: Lyons Karen , Miller Lyndsey 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Optimizing dyadic health is a central goal of dyadic frameworks. Yet, research has focused on interdependent individual health or the transactional nature of health within dyads. Emerging research has explored dyadic health through the lens of congruence and balance. This longitudinal study examined dyadic mental health in 76 couples (M = 67.88 ± 11.54) during the first year of lung cancer. As expected, multilevel modeling found mental and physical health of couples were significantly associated at baseline (p &lt; .05). Congruence in mental health was significantly associated with changes in physical health over time for survivors (p &lt; .05) but not partners, whereas balanced mental health had differential effects on the physical health of survivors and partners (p &lt; .01). Discussion will focus on the implications of congruent versus balanced dyadic health for the couple, evaluation of interventions, and propose ways to define optimal dyadic health.
Reaching Out to Older Adults in Rural Communities by Utilizing Community Health Workers During a Pandemic
Authors: Knecht Jenny 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Older adults in rural communities have access, isolation, and technology barriers to healthcare that are exacerbated by the COVID- 19 pandemic. A shortage of healthcare professionals combined with limited resources and poor broadband access have limited their ability to benefit from telehealth. The pandemic has further worsened isolation in rural communities. This Age-Friendly Care, PA pilot study uses community health workers (CHW) as a bridge to connect isolated and underserved older adults with their healthcare team. The CHWs facilitate access to telehealth provided by a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC), and also provide “check-ins’ to housebound patients. The focus of the intervention is CHW delivered facilitation of telehealth and other supports to better manage their healthcare needs. We will describe the co-design of the project and discuss lessons learned in attempting to bridge the digital divide for rural older adults during and after the pandemic.
Policy Series/ESPO and Social Research, Policy, and Practice Section Symposium: It’s a Practice, Not an End State: Centering Equity in Gerontological Research and Policy
Authors: Dys Sarah , Pendergrast Claire 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Social, economic, and health inequities shape the experience of aging, reflecting a landscape of unequal resources, opportunities, and stressors that accumulate over the life-course. These inequities are not accidental, but rather reflect systems of power that act through institutions, policies, and people to simultaneously privilege some groups and disadvantage others based on socially constructed categories. These systems include, but are not limited to, racism, ageism, and capitalism. The unequal and unjust distribution of resources and opportunities over the lifespan results in health, social, and economic disparities in older adulthood. For example, Black older adults are at higher risk of experiencing chronic disease burden and shorter life expectancy than white older adults due to greater economic disinvestment, interpersonal and systemic racial discrimination, and lower health services access over the life course. This symposium features three leading scholars whose work centers racial and health equity in later life. The symposium will engage with issues related to long-term services and supports infrastructure, community-engaged and culturally relevant programs and education, and research activities (e.g., recruitment, study design, grant writing, dissemination). Panelists will also discuss their research agendas and recent scholarship, career trajectories, insights, and practices. We hope symposium attendees will identify opportunities and strategies for focusing on elimination of health disparities across the life-course in their own work. We believe this symposium can serve as an opportunity for SRPP members and emerging scholars and practitioners to center equity, highlight intersectionality, and amplify our colleagues at the forefront of addressing inequity through their work.
Cross-Cultural Differences in Caregiving: Investigating the Role of Familism and Social Support
Authors: Falzarano Francesca , Moxley Jerad , Pillemer Karl , Czaja Sara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cultural diversity in the United States (US) reflects a demographic shift, with a growing population of minority older adults and a subsequent increase in minority family caregivers providing care to aging adults. Research has demonstrated heterogeneity in the caregiving experience, with increasing focus placed on examining the impact of cultural values on caregiver (CG) outcomes. Familism has been investigated as a driving mechanism of cross-cultural differences in caregiving outcomes, yet prior work examining this relationship has yielded mixed findings. Using the sociocultural stress and coping model as a guiding framework, we examined, in a sample of 243 CGs who participated in the Caring for the Caregiver Network Study, a randomized controlled trial examining a culturally-tailored technology-based psychosocial intervention, the influence of familism and social support on positive aspects of caregiving, depressive symptoms, and caregiver burden. We also examined how these relationships vary as a function of race/ethnicity, the CG’s relationship to the care-recipient, other sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., SES status), and acculturation. Results showed that African American and Hispanic CGs exhibited higher levels of familism compared to Whites. In African Americans, familism predicted higher positive caregiving appraisals, and social support significantly predicted lower burden and depression. In Hispanics, levels of familism varied as a function of acculturation, with lower levels of familism identified among US Hispanic natives. Our findings highlight that cultural beliefs, such as familism, as well as social support may be adaptive in protecting against adverse CG outcomes and point to directions for future culturally congruent, family-centered intervention approaches.
Device-Measured Sedentary Patterns and Physical Activity Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rosenberg Dori , Greenwood-Hickman Mikael Anne , Zhou Jing , Cooper Julie , Arterburn David , Cook Andrea 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Little is known about objective levels of sitting time (ST), patterns of ST, and physical activity (PA) among older adults before compared to during the COVID -19 pandemic. We used data from the Healthy Aging Resources to Thrive Trial to examine differences in activPAL-assessed ST, standing time, breaks from sitting, and steps in study enrollees prior to March 2020 (N = 97, % female = 60.8, % white = 81.4; Mean BMI = 35.2) compared to post-March 2020 (N = 47, % female = 70.2, % white = 72.3; Mean BMI = 36.1). During the pandemic, participants had higher sitting time (Mean = 11.5 vs. 10.7 hours/day), fewer breaks from sitting (Mean = 40 vs. 44 breaks/day), and fewer steps (Mean = 4441 vs. 5931 steps/day) than prior to the pandemic. Interventions may be needed to support older adults with obesity in recovering losses in time spent physically active.
Accelerometer-Measured Patterns of Sedentary Behavior in Older Women: The OPACH Study
Authors: Schumacher Benjamin , Hyde Eric , Bellettiere John , Anuskiewicz Blake , LaCroix Andrea 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Excessive sedentary behavior (SB) is related to deleterious health outcomes. Understanding the patterns and contexts in which SB accumulates can promote healthy aging. Daily sitting time and mean sitting bout duration (MBD) were measured by triaxial accelerometers. Participants self-reported how much time they spent sitting while: watching TV, reading, using the computer, driving, working, or taking phone calls. Data were compared across aging-related characteristics. Age-adjusted sitting time (minutes/day) for 5,838 diverse (33.2% Black, 16.9% Hispanic), older women (mean age 78.7±6.7) were 577.2 for Hispanic women, 630.3 for Black women, and 632.0 for White women. Those in the lowest vs. highest physical function category had the longest MBD (16.1 vs. 11.7 minutes/bout). Watching television was the most common self-reported sedentary activity. The highest vs. lowest quartile of MBD spent, on average, 30.6 and 22.3 minutes/day watching television, respectively. This presentation will illuminate critical factors associated with sitting patterns in older adults.
Air Quality Improvement Is Associated With Decreasing Depressive Symptoms in Older Women
Authors: Petkus Andrew , Wang Xinhui , Younan Diana , Beavers Daniel , Espeland Mark , Millstein Joshua , Gatz Margaret , Chen Jiu-Chiuan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Air pollution exposure is an environmental risk factor in brain aging and may also be associated with late-life depressive symptoms (DS). It is unknown if air quality (AQ) improvement is associated with reductions in DS in later life. Longitudinal data from 917 cognitively intact women with no prior history of depression (baseline age 66.4 ± 1.6 years old) participating in the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study of Younger Women (WHIMSY; 2008-2016) were analyzed to examine whether AQ improvement over the 5-years prior to WHIMSY baseline was associated with trajectories of DS (measured by 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale). Annual PM2.5 (fine particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter &lt;2.5) and NO2 were estimated at the participants’ residence using regionalized universal kriging models. Estimates were aggregated to the 3-year average at 5 years (remote) and immediately (recent) before WHIMSY baseline. Associations between AQ improvement (difference between remote to recent exposure) and trajectories of DS were estimated using linear mixed effect models, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical covariates. AQ improved prior to baseline (PM2.5: 1.62 ± 1.45 μg/m3 and NO2: 3.70 ± 2.81 ppb). Women residing in locations with greater improvement in NO2 (per IQR = 4.34 ppb) or PM2.5 (per IQR = 2.30 μg/m3) reported significant annual reductions in DS (βNO2=3.1%, p=.046; βPM25=1.6%, p=.046), similar to the effect of engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity four times or more a week. These findings suggest that improving air quality may reduce depressive symptoms in older women.
Preexisting Comorbidities Predicting COVID-19 and Mortality in the UK Biobank Community Cohort
Authors: Atkins Janice , Masoli Jane , Delgado Joao , Pilling Luke , Kuo Chia-Ling , Kuchel George , Melzer David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Hospitalized COVID-19 patients tend to be older and frequently have hypertension, diabetes or CHD, but whether these co-morbidities are more common than in the general older population is unclear. We estimated associations between pre-existing diagnoses and hospitalized COVID-19 alone or with mortality (during the first COVID-19 outbreak, tests performed between March 16 and April 26, 2020). In 269,070 UK Biobank participants aged 65+, 507 (0.2%) became COVID-19 hospital inpatients, of which 141 (27.8%) died. Common preexisting co-morbidities in hospitalized inpatients were hypertension (59.6%), history of falls/fragility fractures (29.4%), CHD (21.5%), T2 diabetes (19. 9%) and asthma (17.6%). However, in adjusted models, pre-existing diagnoses of dementia, T2 diabetes, COPD, pneumonia, depression, atrial fibrillation and hypertension emerged as independent risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalization, the first five remaining statistically significant for related mortality. There are specific high risk pre-existing co-morbidities for COVID-19 hospitalization and deaths in community based older men and women.
Visualizing Inclusivity: Aging Lifelong and Worldwide Through the Lens of Gerontology as Social Science
Authors: Holley Lyn 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A new course actively engages students in applying social science to examine their own prospective aging and the aging of others. This Grand Project begins with self-assessment of their expectations for the “Future Self” at age 67, then conducting two structured interviews each followed by writing a “life story” – one of an US older adult and the other an imagined older adult from a different county. Comparative analysis of these three stories highlights the impacts of society, heredity, and choice on shaping the experience of old age. Each project is presented to the class. Seeing life from this personal “tour” of the “other” informs beliefs about differences. Students gain knowledge about gerontology as a social science and develop personal understanding of their own and others’ aging, a good step toward becoming comfortable with diversity and inclusivity. Ageism is the only “ism” guaranteed to include all who survive long enough.
Addressing Stigma in the Community: A Rights-Based Approach to Community-Building
Authors: O'Connor Deborah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Article 12 of the United Nations Convention of Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) affirms the rights of persons with physical and mental disabilities to be treated as equal, and deserving of state support to realize their full human potential. This focus on a ‘positive’ right to support (as opposed to the ‘negative’ right to non-interference) has established an important set of expectations around societal responses to people living with dementia(PLWD). This presentation examines the contributions of a rights-based approach to build community with and for PLWD. Data is drawn from Participatory Action Research (PAR) and bi-weekly online action groups with N=10 PLWD in urban and rural British Columbia. Two thematic targets were identified. First, it is important to bring together PLWD in ways that create a sense of solidarity and inclusion. Second, fostering community requires addressing the stigma and discrimination which often leave PLWD feeling isolated, excluded, and marginalized.