bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stroke hospitalizations, posttraumatic stress disorder, and 9/11‐related dust exposure: Results from the World Trade Center Health Registry
Authors: Yu Shengchao , Alper Howard E. , Nguyen Angela‐Maithy , Maqsood Junaid , Brackbill Robert M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have examined the association between disaster‐related factors and stroke by subtype or number. We investigated the association between 9/11‐related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), dust exposure, and stroke subtype as well as recurrent strokes.MethodsThe study included 29,012 individuals enrolled in the World Trade Center Health Registry. Stroke cases were obtained by matching Registry enrollees to the New York State Department of Health's discharge records for inpatient visits between 2000 and 2016. Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed to examine the association between 9/11‐related risk factors and stroke by subtype. Multinomial logistic regression models were conducted to assess the associations between the same risk factors and the number of stroke hospitalizations.ResultsHaving PTSD significantly increased the risk of developing ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, with adjusted hazards ratios (AHRs) of 1.64 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–2.10) and 1.73 (95% CI: 1.10–2.71), respectively. The point estimate for dust cloud exposure, although not significant statistically, suggested an increased risk of ischemic stroke (AHR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.96–1.50). PTSD was significantly associated with recurrent strokes with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.79 (95% CI: 1.09–2.95).ConclusionsPTSD is a risk factor for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and is associated with recurrent strokes. Dust exposure on 9/11 is a possible risk factor for ischemic stroke but not for hemorrhagic stroke, and was not associated with recurrent strokes. Our findings warrant additional research on stroke‐morbidity and mortality associated with 9/11‐related PTSD and dust exposure.
Detailed clinical and radiological features of the first patient with Elsahy–Waters syndrome in East Asia
Authors: Minatogawa Mari , Tsukahara Yoshinori , Yuzuriha Shunsuke , Kosho Tomoki 
Published: July 2021

AbstractElsahy–Waters syndrome (EWS; OMIM#211380) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that is caused by loss‐of‐function variants in CDH11, which encodes cadherin 11. EWS is characterized by brachycephaly, midface hypoplasia, characteristic craniofacial morphology, cervical fusion, cutaneous syndactyly in 2–3 digits, genitourinary anomalies, and intellectual disability. To the best of our knowledge, there have been only six patients of molecularly confirmed EWS. We report the first patient of EWS in East Asia in a Japanese man with a novel splice site homozygous variant of CDH11. We reviewed the clinical and molecular findings in previously reported individuals and the present patient. In addition to the previously reported clinical features of EWS, the present patient had unreported findings of atlantoaxial instability due to posterior displacement of dens, thoracic fusion, thoracic butterfly vertebra, sacralization of the lumbar vertebra (L5), and multiple perineural cysts. The spinal findings in this patient could represent a new spectrum of skeletal phenotypes of EWS. It remains to be clarified whether the multiple perineural cysts in the patient were associated with EWS or coincidental. The current observation might contribute to an expanded understanding of the clinical consequences of loss‐of‐function of cadherin 11.
Longitudinal Changes in Hippocampal Network Connectivity in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Dautricourt Sophie , de Flores Robin , Landeau Brigitte , Poisnel Géraldine , Vanhoutte Matthieu , Delcroix Nicolas , Eustache Francis , Vivien Denis , de la Sayette Vincent , Chételat Gaël 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveThe hippocampus is connected to 2 distinct cortical brain networks, the posterior–medial and the anterior–temporal networks, involving different medial temporal lobe (MTL) subregions. The aim of this study was to assess the functional alterations of these 2 networks, their changes over time, and links to cognition in Alzheimer's disease.MethodsWe assessed MTL connectivity in 53 amyloid‐β–positive patients with mild cognitive impairment and AD dementia and 68 healthy elderly controls, using resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging, cross‐sectionally and longitudinally. First, we compared the functional connectivity of the posterior–medial and anterior–temporal networks within the control group to highlight their specificities. Second, we compared the connectivity of these networks between groups, and between baseline and 18‐month follow‐up in patients. Third, we assessed the association in the connectivity changes between the 2 networks, and with cognitive performance.ResultsWe found decreased connectivity in patients specifically between the hippocampus and the posterior–medial network, together with increased connectivity between several MTL subregions and the anterior–temporal network. Moreover, changes in the posterior–medial and anterior–temporal networks were interrelated such that decreased MTL–posterior–medial connectivity was associated with increased MTL–anterior–temporal connectivity. Finally, both MTL–posterior–medial decrease and MTL–anterior–temporal increase predicted cognitive decline.InterpretationOur findings demonstrate that longitudinal connectivity changes in the posterior–medial and anterior–temporal hippocampal networks are linked together and that they both contribute to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. These results shed light on the critical role of the posterior–medial and anterior–temporal networks in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology and clinical symptoms. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:391–406
High Mobility Organic Lasing Semiconductor with Crystallization‐Enhanced Emission for Light‐Emitting Transistors
Authors: Liu Dan , Liao Qing , Peng Qian , Gao Haikuo , Sun Qi , De Jianbo , Gao Can , Miao Zhagen , Qin Zhengsheng , Yang Jiaxin , Fu Hongbing , Shuai Zhigang , Dong Huanli , Hu Wenping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe development of high mobility organic laser semiconductors with strong emission is of great scientific and technical importance, but challenging. Herein, we present a high mobility organic laser semiconductor, 2,7‐diphenyl‐9H‐fluorene (LD‐1) showing unique crystallization‐enhanced emission guided by elaborately modulating its crystal growth process. The obtained one‐dimensional nanowires of LD‐1 show outstanding integrated properties including: high absolute photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) approaching 80 %, high charge carrier mobility of 0.08 cm2 V−1 s−1, Fabry‐Perot lasing characters with a low threshold of 86 μJ cm−2and a high‐quality factor of ≈2400. Furthermore, electrically induced emission was obtained from an individual LD‐1 crystal nanowire‐based light‐emitting transistor due to the recombination of holes and electrons simultaneously injected into the nanowire, which provides a good platform for the study of electrically pumped organic lasers and other related ultrasmall integrated electrical‐driven photonic devices.
Solid‐Phase Peptide Macrocyclization and Multifunctionalization via Dipyrrin Construction
Authors: Wu Yue , Chau Ho‐Fai , Thor Waygen , Chan Kaitlin Hao Yi , Ma Xia , Chan Wai‐Lun , Long Nicholas J. , Wong Ka‐Leung 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe introduce a new and highly efficient synthetic protocol towards multifunctional fluorescent cyclopeptides by solid‐phase peptide macrocyclization via dipyrrin construction, with full scope of proteinogenic amino acids and different ring sizes. Various bicyclic peptides can be created by dipyrrin‐based crosslinking and double dipyrrin‐ring formation. The embedded dipyrrin can be either transformed to fluorescent BODIPY and then utilized as cancer‐selective targeted protein imaging probe in vitro, or directly employed as a selective metal sensor in aqueous media. This work provides a valuable addition to the peptide macrocyclization toolbox, and a blueprint for the development of multifunctional dipyrrin linkers in cyclopeptides for a wide range of potential bioapplications.
Porous Metal–Organic Framework Liquids for Enhanced CO2 Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion
Authors: Zou Yu‐Huang , Huang Yuan‐Biao , Si Duan‐Hui , Yin Qi , Wu Qiu‐Jin , Weng Zixiang , Cao Rong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe unique applications of porous metal–organic framework (MOF) liquids with permanent porosity and fluidity have attracted significant attention. However, fabrication of porous MOF liquids remains challenging because of the easy intermolecular self‐filling of the cavity or the rapid settlement of porous hosts in hindered solvents that cannot enter their pores. Herein, we report a facile strategy for the fabrication of a MOF liquid (Im‐UiO‐PL) by surface ionization of an imidazolium‐functionalized framework with a sterically hindered poly(ethylene glycol) sulfonate (PEGS) canopy. The Im‐UiO‐PL obtained in this way has a CO2 adsorption approximately 14 times larger than that of pure PEGS. Distinct from a porous MOF solid counterpart, the stored CO2 in Im‐UiO‐PL can be slowly released and efficiently utilized to synthesize cyclic carbonates in the atmosphere. This is the first example of the use of a porous MOF liquid as a CO2 storage material for catalysis. It offers a new method for the fabrication of unique porous liquid MOFs with functional behaviors in various fields of gas adsorption and catalysis.
Engineering Dirhodium Artificial Metalloenzymes for Diazo Coupling Cascade Reactions**
Authors: Upp David M. , Huang Rui , Li Ying , Bultman Max J. , Roux Benoit , Lewis Jared C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractArtificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) are commonly used to control the stereoselectivity of catalytic reactions, but controlling chemoselectivity remains challenging. In this study, we engineer a dirhodium ArM to catalyze diazo cross‐coupling to form an alkene that, in a one‐pot cascade reaction, is reduced to an alkane with high enantioselectivity (typically >99 % ee) by an alkene reductase. The numerous protein and small molecule components required for the cascade reaction had minimal effect on ArM catalysis. Directed evolution of the ArM led to improved yields and E/Z selectivities for a variety of substrates, which translated to cascade reaction yields. MD simulations of ArM variants were used to understand the structural role of the cofactor on ArM conformational dynamics. These results highlight the ability of ArMs to control both catalyst stereoselectivity and chemoselectivity to enable reactions in complex media that would otherwise lead to undesired side reactions.
Biomimetic Total Synthesis of Enterocin
Authors: Koser Lilla , Lechner Vivian Miles , Bach Thorsten 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe first chemical total synthesis of the highly oxygenated polyketide enterocin has been accomplished. The key step of the synthesis was a late‐stage biomimetic reaction cascade involving two intramolecular aldol reactions in which each step proceeded in 52 % yield (averaged) and which established four of the seven stereogenic centers. The pivotal precursor for the cascade reaction was assembled from three readily available building blocks. A chiral dithioacetal with two stereogenic centers originating from L‐arabinose represented the core fragment to both ends of which the other building blocks were attached by aldol reactions. The remaining stereogenic center was installed by Davis oxygenation immediately prior to the key step.
Dual‐Responsive Material Based on Catechol‐Modified Self‐Immolative Poly(Disulfide) Backbones
Authors: Agergaard Asger Holm , Sommerfeldt Andreas , Pedersen Steen Uttrup , Birkedal Henrik , Daasbjerg Kim 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFunctional materials engineered to degrade upon triggering are in high demand due their potentially lower impact on the environment as well as their use in sensing and in medical applications. Here, stimuli‐responsive polymers are prepared by decorating a self‐immolative poly(dithiothreitol) backbone with pendant catechol units. The highly functional polymer is fashioned into stimuli‐responsive gels, formed through pH‐dependent catecholato–metal ion cross‐links. The gels degrade in response to specific environmental changes, either by addressing the pH responsive, non‐covalent, catecholato–metal complexes, or by addition of a thiol. The latter stimulus triggers end‐to‐end depolymerization of the entire self‐immolative backbone through end‐cap replacement via thiol–disufide exchanges. Gel degradation is visualized by release of a dye from the supramolecular gel as it itself is converted into smaller molecules.
Sub‐micron calcium carbonate isolated carbon nanotubes/polyethylene composites with controllable electrical conductivity
Authors: Shen Weixin , Zhu Aiping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe dispersion and distribution of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on/in the polymer composites are greatly affected by the molding technology progress, which results in different electrical conductivity. The uncontrollable electrical conductivity has limited the application of conductive polymer composites, for example, sensor components. In this work, to enhance the dispersion stability of CNTs in polyethylene (PE) matrix, sub‐micron calcium carbonate isolated CNTs (smCaCO3@CNTs) were selected based on the fact that smCaCO3 is much easier to disperse in polymer in comparison with CNTs. This good distribution of CNTs in smCaCO3@CNTs/PE was characterized by transmission electron microscope and Raman mapping. The electrical performance test results show that when 0.5 wt% of CNTs filled in smCaCO3@CNTs/PE, the percolation network begins to form; when CNTs filled increases to 1‐2 wt%, the surface resistance of smCaCO3@CNTs/PE ranges from 106 to 109Ω almost not affected by the molding technology process (compression molding or injection molding). The possible reason is that the isolated CNTs by smCaCO3 in polymer matrix are favorable for the formation of the stable conductive network.
Super‐tough poly(lactic acid) using a fully bio‐based polyester containing malic acid via in‐situ interfacial compatibilization
Authors: Yang Rong , Cao Hongwei , Li Chong , Zou Guoxiang , Zhang Xin , Li Jinchun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractReactive interfacial compatibilization is the most efficient way to prepare super‐tough poly (lactic acid) (PLA) materials. Introducing a post‐reactive group into a toughening agent that can react with PLA is the key issue. Herein, we reported a series of fully bio‐based polyesters (PBSePM) synthesized with sebacic acid, diethyl malate, 1,3‐propanediol, and 1,4‐butanediol via transesterification in one pot. Super‐tough PLA materials can be obtained by reactively blending with PBSePM in the presence of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). In the processing, the side hydroxyl group of the PBSePM reacted with HDI and formed polyurethane elastomer to improve the toughness of PLA. Moreover, the in‐situ formed PLA‐g‐PBSePM grafted copolymer enhanced the interfacial adhesion. With increasing diethyl malate moiety in PBSePM, the PBSePM phase morphology transformed from co‐continuous phase structure to semi‐continuous and “sea‐island” phase structure. When adding 20 wt% PBSePM, all PLA/PBSePM blends have a notched impact strength higher than 53 kJ m−2, suggested a super toughness effect. Maximum impact strength of 83 kJ m−2 was realized while the PBSePM containing 20% diethyl malate moiety. In addition, super‐tough PLA materials can be achieved by only adding 15 wt% PBSePM20, exhibited a highly efficient toughening effect.
Flexible transparent projection screen of polycarbonate matrix integrated with functionalized alumina particles
Authors: Gong Keqian , Xu Xiangyang , Liu Qi , Han Zexian , Huang Wei , Huang Chenyu , Huang Xiangning 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSolution blending approach was introduced to prepare flexible Polycarbonate (PC)‐based composited films with excellent transparent projection performance. After modified by an aluminate coupling agent DL‐411(ACA‐1), alumina (Al2O3) possesses improved dispersity. There may form oxygen bridge between aluminum atoms on Al2O3and ACA‐1. With the long aliphatic chain directing outwards, the compatibility between PC and modified Al2O3was significantly improved. The dispersion of Al2O3particles in PC was therewith promoted. After vacuum drying, well‐blended mixtures were developed and PC films containing Al2O3clusters can be prepared. The composite films have good light transmission and diffuse reflection effects. When Al2O3/PC mass ratio is beneath 0.2, the composited films possess excellent transparency comparable with pure PC film. The diffuse reflection performance of PC composite films is gradually enhanced with the increase of Al2O3content. When Al2O3/PC ratio attains 0.1, the visible light reflectance amounts 15%, which can even exceed 30% with the ratio reaches 0.5. The composite films show improved resistance to UV irradiation as the visible light reflectance and transparency are comparable to un‐radiated samples. The hydrophobicity of composite films with a certain Al2O3amount increases, which brings forth good anti‐moisture property for these transparent projection screen films.
Heterometallation of Photoluminescent Silver(I) Sulfide Nanoclusters Protected by Octahedral Iridium(III) Thiolates
Authors: Goo Zi Lang , Minami Katsue , Yoshinari Nobuto , Konno Takumi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe recently‐increasing interest in coinage metal clusters stems from their photophysical properties, which are controlled via heterometallation. Herein, we report homometallic AgI46S13 clusters protected by octahedral fac‐[Ir(aet)3] (aet=2‐aminoethanethiolate) molecules and their conversion to heterometallic AgI43MI3S13 (M=Cu, Au) clusters. The reactions of fac‐[Ir(aet)3] with Ag+ and penicillamine produced [Ag46S13{Ir(aet)3}14]20+ ([1]20+), where a spherical AgI46S13 cluster is covered by fac‐[Ir(aet)3] octahedra through thiolato bridges. [1]20+ was converted to [Ag43M3S13{Ir(aet)3}14]20+ ([1M]20+) with an AgI43MI3S13 cluster by treatment with M+, retaining its overall structure. [1]20+ was photoluminescent and had an emission band ca. 690 nm that originated from an S‐to‐Ag charge transfer. While [1Cu]20+ showed an emission band with a slightly higher energy of ca. 650 nm and a lower quantum yield, the emission band for [1Au]20+ shifted to a much higher energy of ca. 590 nm with an enhanced quantum yield.
Estimating the optimal population upper bound for scan methods in retrospective disease surveillance
Authors: Meysami Mohammad , French Joshua P. , Lipner Ettie M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCorrectly and quickly identifying disease patterns and clusters is a vital aspect of public health and epidemiology so that disease outbreaks can be mitigated as effectively as possible. The circular scan method is one of the most commonly used methods for detecting disease outbreaks and clusters in retrospective and prospective disease surveillance. The circular scan method requires a population upper bound in order to construct the set of candidate zones to be scanned, which is usually set to 50% of the total population. The performance of the circular scan method is affected by the choice of the population upper bound, and choosing an upper bound different from the default value can improve the method's performance. Recently, the Gini coefficient based on the Lorenz curve, which was originally used in economics, was proposed to determine a better population upper bound. We present the elbow method, a new method for choosing the population upper bound, which seeks to address some of the limitations of the Gini‐based method while improving the performance of the circular scan method over the default value. To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we evaluate the sensitivity and positive predictive value of the circular scan method for publicly‐available benchmark data for the default value, the Gini coefficient method, and the elbow method.
Factors determining the serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D response to vitamin D supplementation: Data mining approach
Authors: Amiri Zahra , Nosrati Mina , Sharifan Payam , Saffar Soflaei Sara , Darroudi Susan , Ghazizadeh Hamideh , Mohammadi Bajgiran Maryam , Moafian Fahimeh , Tayefi Maryam , Hasanzade Elahe , Rafiee Mahdi , Ferns Gordon A. , Esmaily Habibollah , Amini Mahnaz , Ghayour‐Mobarhan Majid 
Published: July 2021

AbstractVitamin D supplementation has been shown to prevent vitamin D deficiency, but various factors can affect the response to supplementation. Data mining is a statistical method for pulling out information from large databases. We aimed to evaluate the factors influencing serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels in response to supplementation of vitamin D using a random forest (RF) model. Data were extracted from the survey of ultraviolet intake by nutritional approach study. Vitamin D levels were measured at baseline and at the end of study to evaluate the responsiveness. We examined the relationship between 76 potential influencing factors on vitamin D response using RF. We found several features that were highly correlated to the serum vitamin D response to supplementation by RF including anthropometric factors (body mass index [BMI], free fat mass [FFM], fat percentage, waist‐to‐hip ratio [WHR]), liver function tests (serum gamma‐glutamyl transferase [GGT], total bilirubin, total protein), hematological parameters (mean corpuscular volume [MCV], mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration [MCHC], hematocrit), and measurement of insulin sensitivity (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance). BMI, total bilirubin, FFM, and GGT were found to have a positive relationship and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, MCV, MCHC, fat percentage, total protein, and WHR were found to have a negative correlation to vitamin D concentration in response to supplementation. The accuracy of RF in predicting the response was 93% compared to logistic regression, for which the accuracy was 40%, in the evaluation of the correlation of the components of the data set to serum vitamin D.
Using a stable isotope‐labeled internal standard for liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry quantitation of meloxicam in human plasma
Authors: Zhan Cuijiao , Wang Changmao , Wang Yaqin , Xie Haitang , Chu Jiru , Zhang Rong , Hu Rongfeng , Shen Jie , Jia Yuanwei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA sensitive and highly efficient LC–ESI‐MS/MS method using a stable isotope‐labeled internal standard (SIL IS) to detect meloxicam in human plasma was developed and validated. Sample preparation used only 50 μL human plasma with one‐step methanol protein precipitation. A gradient mobile phase system was adopted for chromatographic separation on a Poroshell 120 SB‐C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 2.7 μm). Positive ion pattern was chosen for quantification under multiple reaction monitoring. Ion pairs were [M + H]+ m/z 352.1 → 115.1 for meloxicam and [M + H]+ m/z 355.1 → 187.1 for meloxicam‐d3 (SIL IS). Total run time was 4.0 min. Standard curve was linear over a concentration range from 8.00 to 1600 ng mL−1. This method was fully validated to evaluate its performance, including specificity, carryover, sensitivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effects, stability, dilution reliability and incurred sample reanalysis, which provided a reliable basis for pharmacokinetic studies of meloxicam in 28 healthy Chinese volunteers. After a single‐dose oral administration of 7.5 mg meloxicam, the main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: Cmax, 814.79 ± 201.37 ng mL−1; Tmax, 4.54 ± 1.42 h; AUC0–t, 24,572.04 ± 5766.93 ng·h mL−1; AUC0–∞, 25,810.89 ± 6796.60 ng·h mL−1 and t1/2, 21.11 ± 5.35 h.