bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a CRISPR-based point-of-care test for tomato brown rugose fruit virus detection
Authors: Bernabé-Orts Joan Miquel , Hernando Yolanda , Aranda Miguel A. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTImplementing effective monitoring strategies is fundamental to protect crops from pathogens and to ensure the food supply as the world population continues to grow. This is especially important for emergent plant pathogens such as tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), which overcomes the genetic resistance resources used in tomato breeding against tobamoviruses and has become pandemic in less than a decade. Here we report the development of a CRISPR/Cas12a-based test to detect ToBRFV in the laboratory and potentially in a field setting. Using different tobamoviruses to assess specificity, our test showed a clear positive signal for ToBRFV-infected samples, while no cross-reactivity was observed for closely related viruses. Next, we compared the limit of detection of our CRISPR-based test with a reference real-time quantitative PCR test widely used, revealing similar sensitivities for both tests. Finally, to reduce complexity and achieve field-applicability, we used a fast nucleic acid purification step and compared its results side by side with those of a commonly used column-mediated protocol. The new protocol saved time and resources but at the expense of sensitivity. However, it still may be useful to confirm ToBRFV, detection in samples with incipient symptoms of infection. Although there is room for improvement, to our knowledge this is the first field-compatible CRISPR-based test to detect ToBRFV, which combines isothermal amplification with a simplified nucleic acid extraction protocol.
Polygenic effect on accelerated tau pathology accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease: implications for patient selection in clinical trials
Authors: Rubinski Anna , Frerich Simon , Malik Rainer , Franzmeier Nicolai , Ramirez Alfredo , Dichgans Martin , Ewers Michael ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: November 2021

AbstractProgression of fibrillar tau is a key driver of dementia symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but predictors of the rate of tau accumulation at patient-level are missing. Here we combined the to-date largest number of genetic risk variants of AD (n=85 lead SNPs) from recent GWAS to generate a polygenic score (PGS) predicting the rate of change in fibrillar tau. We found that a higher PGS was associated with higher rates of PET-assessed fibrillar-tau accumulation over a mean of 1.8 yrs (range = 0.6 – 4 yrs). This, in turn, mediated effects of the PGS on faster rates of cognitive decline. Sensitivity analysis showed that the effects were similar for men and women but pronounced in individuals with elevated levels of beta-amyloid and strongest for lead SNPs expressed in microglia. Together, our results demonstrate that the PGS predicts tau progression in Alzheimer’s disease, which could afford sample size savings by up to 34% when used alone and up to 61% when combined with APOE ε4 genotype in clinical trials targeting tau pathology.
Development of sustainable and resilient healthcare and non-cold pharmaceutical distribution supply chain for COVID-19 pandemic: a case study
Authors: Abdolazimi Omid , Salehi Esfandarani Mitra , Salehi Maryam , Shishebori Davood , Shakhsi-Niaei Majid 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study evaluated the influence of the coronavirus pandemic on the healthcare and non-cold pharmaceutical care distribution supply chain.Design/methodology/approachThe model involves four objective functions to minimize the total costs, environmental impacts, lead time and the probability of a healthcare provider being infected by a sick person was developed. An improved version of the augmented e-constraint method was applied to solve the proposed model for a case study of a distribution company to show the effectiveness of the proposed model. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the sensitive parameters. Finally, two robust models were developed to overcome the innate uncertainty of sensitive parameters.FindingsThe result demonstrated a significant reduction in total costs, environmental impacts, lead time and probability of a healthcare worker being infected from a sick person by 40%, 30%, 75% and 54%, respectively, under the coronavirus pandemic compared to the normal condition. It should be noted that decreasing lead time and disease infection rate could reduce mortality and promote the model's effectiveness.Practical implicationsImplementing this model could assist the healthcare and pharmaceutical distributors to make more informed decisions to minimize the cost, lead time, environmental impacts and enhance their supply chain resiliency.Originality/valueThis study introduced an objective function to consider the coronavirus infection rates among the healthcare workers impacted by the pharmaceutical/healthcare products supply chain. This study considered both economic and environmental consequences caused by the coronavirus pandemic condition, which occurred on a significantly larger scale than past pandemic and epidemic crises.
Undermining alienative commitment through spiritual leadership: a moderated mediation model of social capital and political skill
Authors: Ali Moazzam , Usman Muhammad , Aziz Shahzad , Rofcanin Yasin 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between spiritual leadership and employees' alienative commitment to the organization, both directly and indirectly, via employee social capital. We also test the role of employee political skill as a boundary condition of the indirect spiritual leadership–alienative commitment link.Design/methodology/approachTime-lagged data were collected from 491 employees in various manufacturing and service organizations. Data were analyzed using structural modeling equation in Mplus (8.6).FindingsSpiritual leadership was negatively associated with alienative commitment, both directly and indirectly, via social capital. Employee political skill moderated the indirect relationship between spiritual leadership and alienative commitment, such that the relationship was stronger when employee political skill was high (vs low).Practical implicationsThe demonstration of spiritual leadership's behaviors by both managers and employees can develop employees' social capital at work, which in turn can reduce employees' negative commitment to the organization. Likewise, improving employees' political skills can help leadership diminish alienative commitment.Originality/valueThe present work contributes to the literature on spiritual leadership by foregrounding how and why spiritual leadership undermines employee alienative commitment to the organization. By doing so, the study also enhances the nomological networks of the antecedents and outcomes of social capital and contributes to the scant literature on negative alienative commitment. Given the prevalence and negative repercussions of alienative commitment for employees' and organizations' productivity and performance, our findings are timely and relevant.
Does participation in the workplace spill over into political participation? A latent class analysis approach to patterns of political behavior
Authors: Kim Jungook 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis study examines Pateman's “spillover thesis” that democratic participation in the workplace will “spill over” into political participation. It applies a latent class analysis (LCA) to identify patterns of political behavior and uses workplace participation and political efficacy as predicting variables of political behavior patterns.Design/methodology/approachThis study analyzed the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) in 2014 General Social Survey (GSS) data. This study applied a LCA to identify distinct patterns in people's political behaviors and did a multinomial regression analysis to predict the patterns with workplace participation and political efficacy.FindingsThe study found partial support for the spillover thesis. Among three distinct political behavior patterns, two active patterns were associated with political efficacy. However, the mediation from workplace participation to political participation through political efficacy was not supported. Respondents involved in workplace units that collectively make work-related decisions were more likely to be active in political behaviors, but only one set of political activities. Higher political efficacy was found to lead to more active overall political participation of both patterns.Originality/valueUnlike the previous studies of democratic spillover, which treated political behaviors either as independent types of behaviors or as a summative index of such binary coded variables, this study addressed such shortcomings of the previous studies by providing a more complex picture of political behavior patterns and their relationship with workplace participation. Future research can build on this unique methodological endeavor to explore a holistic picture of how workplace practices can influence politics and democracy through individual workers.
The RNA N6‐methyladenosine modulator HNRNPA2B1 is involved in the development of non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jin Luming , Chen Chaoyang , Yao Jianyu , Yu Zhichen , Bu Liang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe key N6 methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation regulator is associated with multiple tumour progression. However, the m6A‐associated regulators that influence non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development have not been fully clarified. The m6A regulator expression pattern of NSCLC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was identified. Aberrations of m6A modulators are related to NSCLC development via cBioPortal database. Furthermore, we found that IGF2BP2, IGF2BP3, HNRNPA2B1, and FTO are significantly correlated with advanced stage disease or clinical outcomes in NSCLC by UALCAN and Kaplan–Meier plot. Bioinformatics analysis showed that m6A modulators (IGF2BP2, IGF2BP3, HNRNPA2B1, and FTO) are associated with immunomodulator and immune infiltration expression in NSCLC via the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database. The co‐expression between these m6A‐associated modulators was analysed by protein‐protein interaction networks. Finally, we found that HNRNPA2B1 promotes NSCLC development in vitro by regulating cell proliferation and metastasis functions via Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) and transwell assay. Our study showed that HNRNPA2B1 is a promising target and biomarker for cancer therapy in NSCLC.
Formation and biological effects of protein corona for food‐related nanoparticles
Authors: Cui Guoxin , Su Wentao , Tan Mingqian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe rapid development of nanoscience and nanoengineering provides new perspectives on the composition of food materials, and has great potential for food biology research and applications. The use of nanoparticle additives and the discovery of endogenous nanoparticles in food make it important to elucidate in vivo safety of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles will spontaneously adsorb proteins during transporting in blood and a protein corona can be formed on the nanoparticle surface inside the human body. Protein corona affects the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and the structure and function of proteins, which in turn affects a series of biological reactions. This article reviewed basic information about protein corona of food‐related nanoparticles, elucidated the influence of protein corona on nanoparticles properties and protein structure and function, and discussed the effect of protein corona on nanoparticles in vivo. The effects of protein corona on nanoparticles transport, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and immune response were reviewed, and the reasons for these effects were also discussed. Finally, future research perspectives for food protein corona were proposed. Protein corona gives food nanoparticles a new identity, which makes proteins bound to nanoparticles undergo structural transformations that affect their recognition by receptors in vivo. It can have positive or negative impacts on cellular uptake and toxicity of nanoparticles and even trigger immune responses. Understanding the effects of protein corona have potential in evaluating the fate of the food‐related nanoparticles, providing physicochemical and biological information about the interaction between proteins and foodborne nanoparticles. The review article will help to evaluate the safety of protein coronas formed on nanoparticles in food, and may provide fundamental information for understanding and controlling nanotoxicity.
Petrogenesis of the Chaihulanzi Gneiss and its Tectonic Implications for the North China Craton
Authors: QU Yunwei , XIE Yuling , XIA Jiaming , YU Chao , XU Dong , LI Xu , SUN Li 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Chaihulanzi area in eastern Inner Mongolia is tectonically situated on the northern margin of the North China Craton (NCC). The main Precambrian lithologies of the area have been referred to the Archean Jianping Group meta‐supracrustal sequences. Based on field observations, petrographic, whole‐rock geochemical, and zircon U‐Pb geochronological results, a magmatic origin for the units is proposed. Our results show that the Chaihulanzi gneisses are mainly of granitic, dioritic and granodioritic compositions, and show typical magmatic rock textures and mineral assemblages. The dioritic and granodioritic gneisses show Na‐rich tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG)‐like affinity with zircon U‐Pb dates of ca. 2.57–2.59 Ga, representing a juvenile continental growth for the northeastern NCC. The granitic gneiss is indeed potassic granite and yielded a zircon U‐Pb date of ∼2.50 Ga, which is contemporaneous with the Jining–Jiaoliao microblock collision (2.53–2.49 Ga), implying another crustal growth event. The well‐developed gneissosity in 2.57–2.59 Ga dioritic and granodioritic gneisses together with the 2.5 Ga potassic granite, which crosscuts the gneissosity implies a 2.57–2.50 Ga (mainly 2.53–2.51 Ga) collisional orogeny, probably related to the Jining–Jiaoliao microblock collision. Our new geology and chronological results provide new evidence for the early Precambrian tectonic evolution of the NCC.
The ethics of climate change: a systematic literature review
Authors: Bridge Damian J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractClimate change has impacted the world as we know it and will continue to do so unless radical steps are taken. These steps involve complex ethical decisions that will need to be made by leaders worldwide. This systematic literature review on the ethics of climate change from 1992 to 2020 reveals three key areas of research: the ethics of who bears the cost of climate change, market solutions, and geoengineering and non‐market solutions. Emerging research areas relate to the ethics of population, displacement and resettlement, and leadership. This paper reveals an intrinsic relationship between ethics and climate change that extends beyond a purely economic and emissions‐based perspective. An ethical perspective must be utilised to ensure that any amelioration efforts are equitable and consider those at the margins, including those in developing nations.
Development and validation of the food allergy severity score
Authors: Fernández‐Rivas Montserrat , Gómez García Ismael , Gonzalo‐Fernández Alejandro , Fuentes Ferrer Manuel , Dölle‐Bierke Sabine , Marco‐Martín Guadalupe , Ballmer‐Weber Barbara K. , Asero Riccardo , Belohlavkova Simona , Beyer Kirsten , de Blay Frédéric , Clausen Michael , Datema Mareen R. , Dubakiene Ruta , Grimshaw Kate E. C. , Hoffmann‐Sommergruber Karin , Hourihane Jonathan O’B , Jedrzejczak‐Czechowicz Monika , Knulst André C. , Kralimarkova Tanya , Le Thuy‐My , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Popov Todor A. , Poulsen Lars K. , Purohit Ashok , Seneviratne Suranjith L. , Simpson Angela , Sinaniotis Atanasios , Turkalji Mirjana , Vázquez‐Cortés Sonia , Vera‐Berrios Rosialzira N. , Muraro Antonella , Worm Margitta , Roberts Graham , van Ree Ronald , Fernández‐Pérez Cristina , Turner Paul J. , Mills Elizabeth N. Clare 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe heterogeneity and lack of validation of existing severity scores for food allergic reactions limit standardization of case management and research advances. We aimed to develop and validate a severity score for food allergic reactions.MethodsFollowing a multidisciplinary experts consensus, it was decided to develop a food allergy severity score (FASS) with ordinal (oFASS) and numerical (nFASS) formats. oFASS with 3 and 5 grades were generated through expert consensus, and nFASS by mathematical modeling. Evaluation was performed in the EuroPrevall outpatient clinic cohort (8232 food reactions) by logistic regression with request of emergency care and medications used as outcomes. Discrimination, classification, and calibration were calculated. Bootstrapping internal validation was followed by external validation (logistic regression) in 5 cohorts (3622 food reactions). Correlation of nFASS with the severity classification done by expert allergy clinicians by Best‐Worst Scaling of 32 food reactions was calculated.ResultsoFASS and nFASS map consistently, with nFASS having greater granularity. With the outcomes emergency care, adrenaline and critical medical treatment, oFASS and nFASS had a good discrimination (receiver operating characteristic area under the curve [ROC‐AUC]>0.80), classification (sensitivity 0.87–0.92, specificity 0.73–0.78), and calibration. Bootstrapping over ROC‐AUC showed negligible biases (1.0 × 10−6–1.23 × 10−3). In external validation, nFASS performed best with higher ROC‐AUC. nFASS was strongly correlated (R 0.89) to best‐worst scoring of 334 expert clinicians.ConclusionFASS is a validated and reliable method to measure severity of food allergic reactions. The ordinal and numerical versions that map onto each other are suitable for use by different stakeholders in different settings.
Growth performance and meat quality from broiler chickens reared with zeolite and halloysite in feed and straw pellet
Authors: Banaszak Mirosław , Biesek Jakub , Adamski Marek 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe study's aim was to analyze the effects of different levels of halloysite (H) and zeolite (Z) in feed and pellets on the growth and meat quality in chickens; 500 Ross 308 broilers were assigned to five groups (1 g, control; 2–5 g, experimental). In Groups 2–5, different proportions of Z and H in feed (25:75 ratio; 0.5% to 2%) and pellet in kg/m2 (2, 0.650H; 3, 0.325H and 0.325Z; 4, 0.650Z; 5, 0.160H and 0.490Z) were used. Body weight was higher than 1 in all experimental groups, and carcass weight was higher, except for Group 2. The feed consumption was lower in Groups 3 and 5 than in Group 4. The breast muscle weight was higher in Group 3 than in the control group. In Groups 2, 3, and 5, the water holding capacity in the breast muscles was better than in Group 4 and in the leg muscles in Groups 3 and 4 than in Groups 1 and 5. Most of the tested characteristics indicate a beneficial effect of aluminosilicates in feed and litter on the growth and quality of meat.
Evidence for the integration of total and free testosterone levels in the management of prostate cancer
Authors: Huynh Linda My , Huang Erica , Towe Maxwell , Liang Karren , el Khatib Farouk M. , Yafi Faysal A. , Ahlering Thomas E. 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveTo comprehensively assess total and calculated free testosterone levels in a consecutive group of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and any potential impact on disease aggressiveness and recurrence outcomes.Participants and MethodsThe study included a single‐centre prospective cohort of 882 patients presenting for radical prostatectomy from 2009 to 2018. Data on total testosterone (TT), sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG), and calculated free testosterone (cFT) were prospectively collected. Stepwise logistic regression models were used to assess correlations of TT and cFT with pathological Gleason Grade Group (GGG), extraprostatic extension (EPE), seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) and biochemical recurrence (BCR).ResultsTotal testosterone remained nearly constant across decades (40s–80s): 0.09 decrease/year (R = 0.02), while SHBG increased 0.87/year (R = 0.32) and cFT decreased 0.08/year (R = −0.02). Low cFT of <5.5 independently predicted: very‐high‐risk GGG (odds ratio [OR] 0.435, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.846–0.994; P = 0.036), EPE (OR 0.557, 95% CI 0.810–0.987; P = 0.011), SVI (OR 0.396, 95% CI 0.798–1.038; P = 0.059), and BCR within 1 year after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (OR 0.638, 95% CI 0.971–3.512, P = 0.046). TT was not a predictor.ConclusionIn contrast to popular belief, testosterone remained stable in men aged 40–80 years, whereas free testosterone decreased by 2–3%/year. Low cFT was an independent predictor of very‐high‐risk PCa and BCR.
Oral myiasis in humans
Authors: Rauen C. A. , Lança M. L. , Jitumori C. , Inaoka S. , Bonan P. , Kaminagakura E. 
Published: October 2021

Summary
Myiasis is a parasitic infestation resulting from flies laying eggs in the host tissues. It is common in animals, but can also occur in humans, including in the oral cavity. The diagnosis is usually quite clear in endemic regions such as Brazil, but it can be challenging to clinicians in nonendemic counties when faced with a patient who has acquired the infection elsewhere. We report two clinical cases of human intraoral myiasis and discuss the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Two men, both of whom were in situations of vulnerability presented with myiasis: the first patient had larvae infesting the alveolar ridge region after tooth extraction, while the second was diagnosed with inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia associated with larvae along the edges of the lesion. Both were treated with ivermectin and antibiotics, and given guidance on preventative care. Such infestations are often a clear sign of neglect, and clinicians need to pay attention to the general health of patients affected by oral myiasis.
Longitudinal myocardial function is more compromised in cardiac syndrome X compared to insignificant CAD: Role of stress echocardiography and calcium scoring
Authors: Bytyçi Ibadete , Bengrid Tarek M. , Henein Michael Y. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study was to assess the nature of myocardial dysfunction in the cardiac syndrome X (CSX) and insignificant coronary artery disease (ICAD) using dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and coronary calcium scoring (CAC).MethodsWe prospectively studied 35 consecutive patients who complained of exertional angina, had ≥1 mm ST shift on exercise stress test but normal or no obstructive CAD (<50%) on angiography. Patients were divided into CSX (n = 27) with normal arteries and ICAD (n = 8) with insignificant stenosis.ResultsCSX patients had more females, lower calcium score and less prevalent cardiac risk factors compared to ICAD (p < 0.05 for all). At peak stress, MAPSE and TAPSE failed to increase in both groups. LV septal and lateral s’ increased in the two groups but the increment increase was less in CSX than ICAD (p < 0.05) while other diastolic indices did not differ between groups (p > 0.05 for all). CAC correlated modestly with LV and RV systolic velocities: septal s' (r = −0.65, p < 0.001) lateral s' (r = −0.35, p = 0.04) and right s' (r = −0.53, p = 0.005) in CSX, while in ICAD patients only with RV s' (r = −0.58, p = 0.02). On multivariate model, only septal s' OR 1.816 (1.1090–3.820, p = 0.04) proved the most powerful independent predictor of CAC.ConclusionsCompromised LV longitudinal systolic velocities were more pronounced and calcium score as a surrogate for atherosclerosis was lower in CSX than ICAD. These findings strengthen the evidence for different pathogenesis of CSX compared to ICAD, with microvascular disease in the former and calcification in the latter.