bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Difference in Health-Related Quality of Life of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients between the 2nd and 5th Year of Bracing Treatment using Scoliosis Research Society-22 Questionnaire
Authors: Chau Wai-Wang , Hung Alec Lik-Hang , Ng Bobby Kin-Wah 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Offering brace for moderately suffering adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients is a recognized intervention to control further curve progression, and the treatment period varies from each patient. Some AIS patients required to wear longer than expected with different clinical reasons. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of AIS patients who have undergone bracing from the 2nd year to 5th year has not been discussed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the HRQOL of patients who have undergone bracing between their 2nd to 5th year of treatment using Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twenty-six AIS patients who were under brace treatment completed SRS-22 questionnaire at their 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th year on brace. Five SRS-22 domain scores (function, pain, self-image, mental health, and satisfaction with management) collected longitudinally were compared among the 4-time points. Gender-specific analysis was performed to look for any difference between boys and girls.

Results:
Mean numbers of months among visits were 8.99 (between 2nd and 3rd), 8.42 (between 3rd and 4th), and 7.89 (between 4th and 5th). Function, pain, and satisfaction with management scores were significantly decreased in the 3rd year during bracing and increased steadily afterward. Gender-specific analysis showed female patients experienced similar changes in function, pain and satisfaction at the 3rd year.

Conclusions:
Function, pain, and satisfaction scores were much affected at the 3rd year and recovered afterward. Gender difference was found and the same significant changes were found in female patients but not in male patients.
A Novel Technique of Stabilization of Supracondylar Femoral Dome Osteotomy with Proximal Humeral Locking Plate for Surgical Management of Genu Valgum Deformity
Authors: Mohindra Mukul , Gautam V. K. , Meena Amit , Gupta Navdeep , Desai Jagannath , Saikia Sumon Singphow 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Genu valgum is a common deformity in the developing world. When the patient presents after a second growth spurt, corrective surgery remains the only treatment option. Different types of osteotomies and fixation methods have been described in the literature, but the choice of the method remains debatable. We evaluated the outcome of the proximal humeral locking plate used for stabilization of supracondylar femoral dome osteotomy (DO).

Methods:
In this prospective study, we performed 39 osteotomies for genu valgum deformity on 24 patients who satisfied inclusion criteria (15 bilateral and 9 unilateral) between May 2015 and May 2017. The mean age was 13 years (11–20), 16 were male and 8 were female patients. All patients underwent supracondylar femoral DO and stabilization with the proximal humeral locking plate. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. All patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively by using the Bostman knee score, intermalleolar distance (IMD), tibiofemoral angle (TFA), and lateral distal-femoral angle (LDFA). Patients with a minimum follow-up of 2 years were included in the study.

Results:
The preoperative LDFA was 73.4 ± 2.1 which improved to 87.2 ± 0.6 postoperatively while clinical and radiological TFA improved from 19.7 ± 21 and 21.4 ± 2.1 to 7.3 ± 0.8 and 8.6 ± 0.8, respectively. The mean Bostman score improved significantly. Two patients (2 limbs) had a good score (20–27), while the rest had an excellent score (28–30). IMD, TFA, and LDFA also improved statistically significantly (P < 0.001). All the patients were satisfied with the cosmetic correction. There were no implant failures, re-operations, and any loss of correction.

Conclusion:
This novel technique of stabilizing supracondylar femoral DO with the proximal humeral locking plate is cost-effective and has encouraging early results.
Ukrainian geomagnetic repeat station network and results of the field work reduced to the epoch 2005.5
Authors: Valentyn Maksymchuk  , Myxailo Orlyuk  , Viktor Tregybenko  , Yurij Horodyskyy  , Dmytro Marchenko  
Published: June 2021

<p>The results of geomagnetic field components of the renewed Ukrainian repeat stations (RS) network are presented. The methods of absolute geomagnetic and astro-geodetic measurements are described. The reduction of geomagnetic field components is carried out to the 2005.5 epoch and a catalogue of RS is created. Maps of magnetic declination for the Ukraine are constructed and compared with results calculated by the IGRF-2005 model.</p><p> </p>
Paleoseismological evidence for historical surface faulting in São Miguel island (Azores)
Authors: Rita Carmo  , José Madeira  , Ana Hipólito  , Teresa Ferreira  
Published: June 2021

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;">The Azores archipelago is located at the triple junction between the Eurasian, Nubian and North American lithospheric plates, whose boundaries are the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Azores-Gibraltar Fault Zone. São Miguel is the largest island of the archipelago and is located on the eastern part of the western segment of the Azores-Gibraltar Fault Zone. The Achada das Furnas plateau, located in the central part of the island, between Fogo and Furnas central volcanoes, is dominated by several WNW-ESE and E-W trending alignments of basaltic cinder cones. Two E-W trending scarps were identified by aerial photo interpretation. Transect trenches exposed two active normal faults-the Altiprado Faults – confirming the tectonic nature of the scarps. Several paleoearthquakes were deduced, most of which in historical times, producing 1.38 m and 0.48 m of cumulative displacement. Maximum expected magnitudes (MW) determined from slip per event range from 5.7 to 6.7. One of the events probably corresponds to the historical earthquake of October 22nd, 1522, the deadliest in the archipelago. Radiocarbon ages are in agreement with this interpretation.</p>
Application of the Environmental Seismic Intensity scale (ESI 2007) and the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS-98) to the Kalamata (SW Peloponnese, Greece) earthquake (Ms=6.2, September 13, 1986) and correlation with neotectonic structures and active faults
Authors: Ioannis G. Fountoulis  , Spyridon D. Mavroulis  
Published: June 2021

On September 13, 1986, a shallow earthquake (Ms=6.2) struck the city of Kalamata and the surrounding areas (SW Peloponnese, Greece) resulting in 20 fatalities, over 300 injuries, extensive structural damage and many earthquake environmental effects (EEE). The main shock was followed by several aftershocks, the strongest of which occurred two days later (Ms=5.4). The EEE induced by the 1986 Kalamata earthquake sequence include ground subsidence, seismic faults, seismic fractures, rockfalls and hydrological anomalies. The maximum ESI 2007 intensity for the main shock has been evaluated as IX<sub>ESI 2007</sub>, strongly related to the active fault zones and the reactivated faults observed in the area as well as to the intense morphology of the activated Dimiova-Perivolakia graben, which is a 2nd order neotectonic structure located in the SE margin of the Kalamata-Kyparissia mega-graben and bounded by active fault zones. The major structural damage of the main shock was selective and limited to villages founded on the activated Dimiova-Perivolakia graben (IX<sub>EMS-98</sub>) and to the Kalamata city (IX<sub>EMS-98</sub>) and its eastern suburbs (IX<sub>EMS-98</sub>) located at the crossing of the prolongation of two major active fault zones of the affected area. On the contrary, damage of this size was not observed in the surrounding neotectonic structures, which were not activated during this earthquake sequence. It is concluded that both intensity scales fit in with the neotectonic regime of the area. The ESI 2007 scale complemented the EMS-98 seismic intensities and provided a completed picture of the strength and the effects of the September 13, 1986, Kalamata earthquake on the natural and the manmade environment. Moreover, it contributed to a better picture of the earthquake scenario and represents a useful and reliable tool for seismic hazard assessment.
Comparison of the MIPAS products obtained by four different level 2 processors
Authors: Piera Raspollini  , Enrico Arnone  , Flavio Barbara  , Bruno Carli  , Elisa Castelli  , Simone Ceccherini  , Bianca Maria Dinelli  , Anu Dudhia  , Michael Kiefer  , Enzo Papandrea  , Marco Ridolfi  
Published: June 2021

<p class="Default">MIPAS is a midinfrared Fourier Transform spectrometer that sounded the atmospheric emission at limb onboard the ENVISAT satellite. It was launched on 31 March 2002 in a sun-synchronous polar orbit of about 800 km altitude and operated until 8 April 2012. The limb scanning sequence observed by the instrument is made of spectra that sound the atmosphere at different tangent altitudes (the tangent altitude is the minimum altitude reached by the line of sight and is also the altitude from where most of the observed signal originates). The inversion of the measurements allows the determination of the vertical profiles of the atmospheric quantities of interest in the range of the tangent altitudes covered by the limb scanning sequence, which is 6-70 km for the nominal measurement mode. […]</p>
Instrumental seismic catalogue of Mt. Etna earthquakes (Sicily, Italy): ten years (2000-2010) of instrumental recordings
Authors: Salvatore Alparone  , Vincenza Maiolino  , Antonino Mostaccio  , Antonio Scaltrito  , Andrea Ursino  , Graziella Barberi  , Salvatore D’Amico  , Giuseppe Di Grazia  , Elisabetta Giampiccolo  , Carla Musumeci  , Luciano Scarfì  , Luciano Zuccarello  
Published: June 2021

<p>Instrumental seismic catalogues are an essential tool for the zonation of the territory and the production of seismic hazard maps. They are also a valuable instrument for detailed seismological studies regarding active volcanoes and, above all, for interpreting the magma dynamics and the evolution of eruptive phenomena. In this paper, we show the first instrumental earthquake catalogue of Mt. Etna, for the period 2000-2010, with the purpose of producing a homogeneous dataset of 10 years of seismological observations. During this period, 16,845 earthquakes have been recorded by the seismic network run by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica and Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, in Catania. A total of 6,330 events, corresponding to approximately 40% of all earthquakes recorded, were located by using a one-dimensional VP velocity model. The magnitude completeness of the catalogue is equal to about 1.5 for the whole period, except for some short periods in 2001 and 2002-2003 and at the end of 2009. The reliability of the data collected is supported by the good values of the main hypocentral parameters through the time. The spatial distribution of seismicity allowed the highlighting of several seismogenetic areas characterized by different seismic rates and focal depths. This seismic catalogue represents a fundamental tool for several research aiming to a better understanding of the behavior of an active volcano such as Mt. Etna.</p><div> </div>
Preliminary macroseismic survey of the 2016 Amatrice seismic sequence
Authors: Mariano Angelo Zanini  , Lorenzo Hofer  , Flora Faleschini  , Paolo Zampieri  , Nicola Fabris  , Carlo Pellegrino  
Published: June 2021

<p>After the recent destructive L’Aquila 2009 and Emilia-Romagna 2012 earthquakes, a sudden M<span>w </span>6.0 <span style="font-size: 10px;">seismic event hit Central Italy on August 24, 2016. A low population density characterizes the area but, </span><span style="font-size: 10px;">due to its nighttime occurrence, about 300 victims were registered. This work presents the first preliminary </span><span style="font-size: 10px;">results of a macroseismic survey conducted by two teams of the University of Padova in the territories </span><span style="font-size: 10px;">that suffered major damages. Macroseismic intensities were assessed according to the European </span><span style="font-size: 10px;">Macroseismic Scale (EMS98) for 180 sites.</span></p>
Signals from groundwater in Gran Sasso underground laboratory during Amatrice earthquake of August 24th, 2016
Authors: Gaetano De Luca  , Giuseppe Di Carlo  , Marco Tallini  
Published: June 2021

<p><em>Since May 2015, hydraulic pressure, temperature and electrical conductivity of groundwater are in continuos recording near the deep underground laboratories of Gran Sasso of INFN. We used the S13 borehole that have pressure varying in the range of 24-28 bar during the year; these values mean that we have at least 300 m of water table above. The sampling of these parameters was brought until to 50 Hz using a 3 channels 24-bit ADC. During the period May 2015 – September 2016 (17 months) we detected hydraulic pressure signals from 12 earthquakes at different surface distances (from 12.000 to 30 km) and different magnitudes (from 8.3 to 4.3 Mw). For the Amatrice mainshock, we present, as first results, the hydroseismograph recorded at the S13 hydraulic pressure device compared to the time history recorded at GIGS station located both in the deep core of the Gran Sasso chain.</em></p><p><em> </em></p>
The opinion of breast cancer patients on the non-pharmacological pain-relief methods
Authors: Mamčenkovaitė Evelina , Lekauskaitė Aušra 
Published: June 2021

Aim. To determine the opinions of II and III stage breast cancer patients on the non-pharmacological pain-relief methods.
Methods. The research was performed from November 2019 to January 2020 in the Oncology and Hematology department of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics. Patients completed a survey of 25 questions. 33 surveys were analysed. Statistical data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 and Microsoft Excel 2016 software packages.
Results. Almost half of the survey participants were unaware of the pain-relief methods, had not tried any of physical pain-relief methods and did not know or have an opinion about their effectiveness. Half of the survey participants thought that music, spiritual and cognitive behavioral therapies can relieve the pain. Also, more than half of the participants had not tried any psychological pain-relief methods and did not know or have an opinion about their effectiveness. More than half of the participants did not know if it is possible to reduce pain using medical marijuana, virtual reality glasses and hypnosis.
Self–care teaching of patients with multimorbidity in primary health care
Authors: Steponkutė Justina , Galdikienė Nijolė 
Published: June 2021

Population who is getting older and the increase of multimorbidity spread amongst it shows that the numbers of people who suffer from more than two chronic diseases will increase. Due to increasing multimorbidity, healthcare professionals have to observe the condition of each patient very carefully, teach how to manage it and help patients to adjust their behavior in order to avoid complications. Multimorbidity requires knowledge not only of separate diseases but also of their combinations. Community nurses have to set the priorities in nursing of patients with multimorbidity, but also to keep in mind other illnesses that the patient have. Only properly chosen methods of teaching improves Self–Care of patients.
The aim of the study – to evaluate Self–Care teaching of patients with multimorbidity in primary health care.
Research methods. Quantitative research was conducted using a written survey method to collect data. Research participants were the persons (n = 41) diagnosed with two or more chronic diseases.
Results. According to the research data, patients with multimorbidity are taught Self–Care in primary health care, but not all possible opportunities of teaching are exploited. Most patients with multimorbidity named that nurses assessed their knowledge of the health and Self–Care and provided them with new additional information; ensured communication with patients for prophylaxis purposes; taught how patients should properly follow their health indicators and highlighted, why it is important; specified what should be the health indicators of patients; encouraged patients to follow health indicators; gave booklets and leaflets which had relevant information on Self–Care.
Association of CDH1 -160 C → A and -347 G→ GA polymorphisms and expression of E-cadherin and gastric cancer: A case-control study
Authors: Akçakaya Adem , Ünver Nurcan , Aydoğan Kiriş Tuğba , Güzel Mehmet , Betül Akçakaya Fatma , Çakmakoğlu Bedia , Hasbahçeci Mustafa 
Published: June 2021

Objective: The loss of function of the E-cadherin (CDH1) gene with -160 C→A and -347 G→GA polymorphisms is regarded as a critical step for gastric cancer. It was aimed to investigate possible association of these polymorphisms and immunoexpression of E-cadherin with gastric cancer.
Material and Methods: Gastric adenocarcinoma patients and individuals with benign gastric pathologies were included in this case-control study. Demographic data and pathological findings were recorded. Immunohistochemical staining of E-cadherin expression and analysis of -160 C→A and -347 G→GA polymorphisms were done. Differences between allele frequencies of -160 C→A and -347 G→GA polymorphisms and expression of E-cadherin were the primary outcomes.
Results: There were 78 gastric cancer patients (Group A) and 113 individuals with benign gastric pathologies (Group B). The number of male patients and mean age were higher in Group A (p< 0.001). -160 C→A and 347 G→GA polymorphisms and their allelic distributions showed no difference between the groups (p> 0.05 for all). There was a significant association between -160 C→A polymorphism and grade of E-cadherin expression (p= 0.013). There were no significant differences between survival rates with -160 C→A, 347 G→GA and intensity of E-cadherin expression (p> 0.05 for all). There was no significant association between -160 C→A and -347 G→GA polymorphisms and gastric cancer.
Conclusion: There was no impact of E-cadherin expression on tumoral features and survival in gastric cancer. -160 C→A polymorphism may influence the expression of E-cadherin in gastric cancer.
Serial estimation of serum C-reactive protein and procalcitonin for early detection of anastomotic leak after elective intestinal surgeries: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Jebin Aaron Devarajan , Anandhi Amaranathan , Shamanaa Sreenath Gubbi , Sureshkumar Sathasivam , Hajilal Shaikh Oseen , Balasubramaniyan Vairrappan , Kate Vikram 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Anastomotic leak can adversely affect the outcome of surgery especially if detected late. The present study was carried out to detect the anastomotic leak early in the postoperative period using serial estimation of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP).
Material and Methods: A single centre prospective cohort study was done on patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery with anastomosis. Serial estimation of serum procalcitonin and C reactive protein was done on the first five postoperative days. Other parameters such as hemoglobin, total protein, albumin and WBC counts were noted perioperatively. Patients were followed up to 60th postoperative day to assess for anastomotic leak, wound infection and other septic foci.
Results: Eighty-four patients were included in the study. Anastomotic leak rate was 26.19% (22/84) and 3/22 patients died in the anastomotic leak group. Wound infection rate was 23.81%. The cut off value of CRP on third postoperative day in detecting anastomotic leak was 44.322 mg/dl with sensitivity of 72.73%, specificity of 66.13% and accuracy of 59.52%. The cut off value for WBC count measured perioperatively in detecting anastomotic leak was 9470 cell/mm3 with sensitivity of 72.73%, specificity of 56.45% and accuracy of 59.74%. Serum procalcitonin, haemoglobin, total protein and albumin measured were not sensitive enough to detect the anastomotic leak early.
Conclusion: Measuring CRP on the third postoperative day can predict anastomotic leak with a cut off value of 44.32 mg/dl. Patients with raised CRP need careful evaluation to rule out anastomotic leak before deciding on early discharge.
Measurement report: An assessment of the impact of a nationwide lockdown on air pollution – a remote sensing perspective over India
Authors: Pathakoti Mahesh , Muppalla Aarathi , Hazra Sayan , D. Venkata Mahalakshmi , A. Lakshmi Kanchana , K. Sagar Vijay , Shekhar Raja , Jella Srinivasulu , M. V. Rama Sesha Sai , Vijayasundaram Uma 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The nationwide lockdown was imposed over India from 25 March to 31 May 2020 with varied relaxations from phase I to phase IV to contain the spread
of COVID-19. Thus, emissions from industrial and transport sectors were halted during lockdown (LD), which has resulted in a significant reduction of
anthropogenic pollutants. The first two lockdown phases were strictly implemented (phase I and phase II) and hence were considered to be total lockdown
(TLD) in this study. Satellite-based tropospheric columnar nitrogen dioxide (TCN) from the years 2015 to 2020, tropospheric columnar carbon monoxide
(TCC) during 2019/20, and aerosol optical depth (AOD550) from the years 2014 to 2020 during phase I and phase II LD and pre-LD periods
were investigated with observations from Aura OMI, Sentinel-5P TROPOMI, and Aqua and Terra MODIS. To quantify lockdown-induced changes in TCN, TCC, and
AOD550, detailed statistical analysis was performed on de-trended data using the Student paired statistical t test. Results indicate
that mean TCN levels over India showed a dip of 18 % compared to the previous year and also against the 5-year mean TCN levels during the
phase I lockdown, which was found to be statistically significant (p value < 0.05) against the respective period. Furthermore, drastic changes in
TCN levels were observed over hotspots, namely eastern region and urban cities. For example, there was a sharp decrease of 62 % and 54 % in
TCN levels compared to 2019 and against 5-year mean TCN levels over New Delhi with a p value of 0.0002 (which is statistically significant)
during total LD. The TCC levels were high in the northeast (NE) region during the phase I LD period, which is mainly attributed to the active fire
counts in this region. However, lower TCC levels are observed in the same region due to the diminished fire counts during phase II. Further,
AOD550 is reduced over the country by ∼ 16 % (Aqua and Terra) from the 6-year (2014–2019) mean AOD550 levels, with
a significant reduction (Aqua MODIS 28 %) observed over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) region with a p value of ≪ 0.05. However, an
increase in AOD550 levels (25 % for Terra MODIS, 15 % for Aqua MODIS) was also observed over central India during LD compared to
the preceding year and found significant with a p value of 0.03. This study also reports the rate of change of TCN levels and AOD550
along with statistical metrics during the LD period.