bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smc5/6 in the rDNA modulates lifespan independently of Fob1​
Authors: Moradi‐Fard Sarah , Mojumdar Aditya , Chan Megan , Harkness Troy A.A. , Cobb Jennifer A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe ribosomal DNA (rDNA) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is in one tandem repeat array on Chromosome XII. Two regions within each repetitive element, called intergenic spacer 1 (IGS1) and IGS2, are important for organizing the rDNA within the nucleolus. The Smc5/6 complex localizes to IGS1 and IGS2. We show that Smc5/6 has a function in the rDNA beyond its role in homologous recombination (HR) at the replication fork barrier (RFB) located in IGS1. Fob1 is required for optimal binding of Smc5/6 at IGS1 whereas the canonical silencing factor Sir2 is required for its optimal binding at IGS2, independently of Fob1. Through interdependent interactions, Smc5/6 stabilizes Sir2 and Cohibin at both IGS and its recovery at IGS2 is important for nucleolar compaction and transcriptional silencing, which in turn supports rDNA stability and lifespan.
A life‐threatening dental implant: A case report
Authors: Dalle Carbonare Marco , Yeung Elizabeth , Siddiqui Juveria , Kandasamy Naga , Fan Kathleen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundIntraoral bleeding complications in implant surgery are infrequent; nevertheless, serious and life‐threatening complications have been described, generally related to mandibular implants.PurposeThis article presents the exceptional case of a 24‐year‐old woman who underwent repeated delayed life‐threatening episodes of intraoral bleeding following uncovering of a maxillary dental implant. Local measures afforded only temporary control.ResultsThe episodes were successfully managed by embolising the greater descending palatine artery, and the patient remains now under close follow‐up.ConclusionsEarly recognition of shock secondary to hemorrhage following intraoral surgery is of paramount importance.
Obstetric and long‐term graft outcomes in pregnant kidney transplant recipients: A single‐center experience
Authors: Akcay Omer Faruk , Yeter Haci Hasan , Karcaaltincaba Deniz , Bayram Merih , Guz Galip , Erten Yasemin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundKidney transplantation (KT) is the best option for many women with end‐stage renal disease desiring pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate obstetric and graft outcomes among KT recipient women in our center.MethodsMaternal and fetal data were assessed in 29 pregnancies of 18 female KT recipients. Each patient was matched with two controls without pregnancy history for factors known to affect graft function. According to pre‐pregnancy levels, serum creatinine and eGFR slope in the gestational and postpartum periods were calculated as percentages.ResultsThe main maternal and fetal complications were preeclampsia (38%) and preterm births (38%), respectively. Pregnancy (odds ratio [OR]: 5.09; p = .02), proteinuria in the third trimester (OR: 5.52; p = .02), proteinuria in postpartum third months (OR: 7.4; p = .008) and stable creatinine levels in the first 6 months of pregnancy (OR: 11.25 p = .03) were associated with graft dysfunction. Postpartum first year eGFR decline (−16.8% vs. −6.7%; p = .04) and second‐year eGFR decline (−18.5% vs. −8.3%; p = .04) were significantly higher in the pregnancy group than those matched controls.ConclusionPregnancy after KT is associated with high rates of maternal and fetal complications. The sustained decline of eGFR may suggest an increased risk of graft loss compared to recipients with similar clinical characteristics.
Associations of cognitive reserve and psychological resilience with cognitive functioning in subjects with cerebral white matter hyperintensities
Authors: Arola Anne , Laakso Hanna M. , Pitkänen Johanna , Koikkalainen Juha , Lötjönen Jyrki , Korvenoja Antti , Erkinjuntti Timo , Melkas Susanna , Jokinen Hanna 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeCerebral small vessel disease is characterized by progressive white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and cognitive decline. However, variability exists in how individuals maintain cognitive capabilities despite significant neuropathology. The relationships between individual cognitive reserve, psychological resilience and cognitive functioning were examined in subjects with varying degrees of WMH.MethodsIn the Helsinki Small Vessel Disease Study, 152 subjects (aged 65–75 years) underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, evaluation of subjective cognitive complaints and brain magnetic resonance imaging with volumetric WMH evaluation. Cognitive reserve was determined by education (years) and the modified Cognitive Reserve Scale (mCRS). Psychological resilience was evaluated with the Resilience Scale 14.ResultsThe mCRS total score correlated significantly with years of education (r = 0.23, p < 0.01), but it was not related to age, sex or WMH volume. Together, mCRS score and education were associated with performance in a wide range of cognitive domains including processing speed, executive functions, working memory, verbal memory, visuospatial perception and verbal reasoning. Independently of education, the mCRS score had incremental predictive value on delayed verbal recall and subjective cognitive complaints. Psychological resilience was not significantly related to age, education, sex, WMH severity or cognitive test scores, but it was associated with subjective cognitive complaints.ConclusionsCognitive reserve has strong and consistent associations with cognitive functioning in subjects with WMH. Education is widely associated with objective cognitive functioning, whereas lifetime engagement in cognitively stimulating leisure activities (mCRS) has independent predictive value on memory performance and subjective cognitive complaints. Psychological resilience is strongly associated with subjective, but not objective, cognitive functioning.
Effect of peri‐implant disease on oral health–related quality of life in geriatric patients
Authors: Gündoğar Hasan , Uzunkaya Meral , Öğüt Sevgi , Sarı Fatih 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of peri‐implant disease on the quality of life in geriatric patients using implant‐supported overdentures.BackgroundPeri‐implant disease and bone loss are two main complications of dental implant treatment that can impact the quality of life in the geriatric population.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 109 geriatric individuals treated in the prosthodontics and periodontology departments. On clinical examination, periodontal pocket depth, gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PIn) were measured to determine peri‐implant status. Marginal bone loss was measured by radiological examination, using ImageJ software. Moreover, the Oral Healthy Impact Profile‐14 (OHIP‐14) questionnaire was used to evaluate participants’ perceived oral health–related quality of life.ResultsPeri‐implantitis (PI) and peri‐implant mucositis (PM) prevalence were 30% and 24%, respectively. Only 44% of patients had healthy implants. Although total OHIP‐14 scores were higher in the PI group than in the healthy and PM groups, this difference was not statistically significant (P = .148). Total OHIP‐14 score was significantly correlated with PIn and GI.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, it can be said that on quality of life in patients using implant‐supported overdenture related to clinical parameters such as PIn and GI. Results also indicated that geriatric patients should take action to improve their oral health. Further longitudinal studies are needed to support our results and should include control groups that use conventional removable dentures.
Report on users, and user experience with discreet catheters in The Netherlands
Authors: Markiewicz Anna , van Hees Ruud , van der Veeken Claudi , Mackaay Paul , Goldstine Jimena V. , Nichols Thom 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThose using intermittent catheterization (IC) have many catheter types and styles to select from; including what manufacturers refer to as discreet catheters. Discreet catheters are often manufactured to be smaller in length, coiled in design, or foldable, thus allowing for easier concealment or discretion when carried in public and offering a degree of personal privacy. This study explores discreet catheter use and its alignment with the lifestyle experience of those who use such catheters. This study assesses the user and user experience with discreet catheters. User experience is defined as catheter choice, associated activities, and urinary tract health. A cross‐sectional survey investigated life and health status of individuals in the Netherlands requiring IC. The study enrolled 1892 individuals of which 784 use a discreet catheter as their primary catheter. Catheter choice: 82% of study respondents state they have the ability to choose the type of catheter they use. Of those indicating not having the ability to choose their catheter, they state their health care professional did not inform them of different catheters, brands, or options. Catheter associated activities: Those employed full or part time are satisfied with their discreet catheter (95.1%) claiming it is discreet, and gives them confidence to live their life the way they choose; that the catheter did not interference with social activities (72.6%), and had little to no interference with work outside of the home (76.1%). Urinary tract infections (UTI): 39.4% report a clinician diagnosed UTI within 6 months prior to the survey. The data indicates that 18.3% of the sample are deficient in UTI knowledge stating they do not know what a UTI is, or what associated symptoms are; 41% followed a clinician suggested regimen for catheterizing; 25.5% altered catheterization schedules to fit daily activities; 33.3% stated they did not follow a regimen, but catheterized when convenient The data supports positive experiences for individuals who use discreet catheters as their primary method of bladder voiding, particularly socially active individuals requiring an element of personal privacy in their life. However, UTI's are a matter of concern due to a reported deficit in knowledgeable about UTI's and symptomology.
Measuring quality of hepatitis B care in a remote Australian Aboriginal community: opportunities for improvement
Authors: Narayana Sumudu , Nugent Michael , Woodman Richard , Larkin Michael , Ramachandran Jeyamani , Muller Kate , Wigg Alan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection remains a significant public health issue for Indigenous Australians, in particular for remote communities.AimTo evaluate the spectrum of hepatitis B virus (HBV) care provided to a remote Aboriginal community. Measures studied included screening, seroprevalence, vaccination rates and efficacy, and HCC risk and surveillance adherence.MethodsA retrospective audit of HBV care received by all permanent residents currently attending a remote Aboriginal Health service. This study was endorsed by both the local Aboriginal Health service and the Aboriginal Health Council of South Australia.ResultsA total of 208 patients attended the clinic, of whom 52% (109) were screened for HBV. Of these, 12% (13) had CHB and 20% (22) had evidence of past infection. Similarly, of the 208 attending patients, complete vaccination was documented in 48% (99). Of the 33 patients with post‐vaccination serology, 24% (8) had subtherapeutic (<10 IU/mL) levels of HBsAb. Subtherapeutic HBsAb was independently associated with higher Charlson Comorbidity scores (odds ratio = 17.1; 95% confidence interval 1.2–243.3; P = 0.036). Definitive breakthrough infection was identified in 6% (2) patients. One HBsAg positive patient was identified as needing HCC surveillance, but had not undertaken HCC surveillance.ConclusionOpportunities to improve the quality of CHB care through increased HBV vaccination, screening and adherence to HCC surveillance were identified. High rates of subtherapeutic vaccine responses and documented breakthrough infection raises concerns about the effectiveness of current CHB vaccines in this population.
Environmental risk factors are associated with autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Lammert Craig , Chalasani Sai N. , Atkinson Elizabeth J. , McCauley Bryan M. , Lazaridis Konstantinos N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundFailure of immunologic homeostasis and resultant hepatocyte destruction in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is likely the result of environmental triggers within a permissive genetic architecture.AimsWe aimed to identify risk factors associated with AIH in a well‐phenotyped AIH cohort.MethodsWe prospectively collected environmental questionnaires from 358 AIH cases and 563 healthy controls. Response frequencies were compared using logistic regression, adjusting for age at recruitment, sex and education.ResultsAIH cases were more likely to ever have a urinary tract infection (UTI) (53.6% vs 33.9%, P < .001) and recurrent UTI (more than 1 per year) (23.5% vs 15.9%, P = .002) compared to controls. Female cases more frequently had ever used oral contraceptives (83.0% vs 73.7%, P = .006), fewer pregnancies (median = 1 vs 3, P < .001) and less often used hormone replacement therapy compared to controls (28.5% vs 60.1%, P < .001). Current smoking was more prevalent in cases (18.9% vs 7.4%, P = .022), yet no difference according to historical smoking behaviours was observed. Finally, cases were less likely to have history of mumps (32.4% vs 53.1%, P = .011) and rheumatic fever (1.1% vs 4.4%, P = .028), but reported higher vaccination frequency to chicken pox (38% vs 28.1%), measles (66.5% vs 39.3%), mumps (58.7% vs 34.6%), rubella (55.3% vs 32.7%), pertussis (59.8% vs 40.1%) and pneumococcus (47.2% VS 39.4%) (P < .002).ConclusionsEnvironmental factors are important in AIH pathogenesis. Replication of these findings and prospective examination may provide new insight into AIH onset and outcomes.
Unveiling metabolic changes in marsupialized odontogenic keratocyst: A pilot study
Authors: Leite‐Lima Flávia , Bastos Victor Coutinho , Vitório Jéssica Gardone , Duarte‐Andrade Filipe Fideles , Pereira Thaís dos Santos Fontes , Martins‐Chaves Roberta Rayra , Cruz Aline Fernanda , de Lacerda Júlio César Tanos , Lebron Yuri Abner Rocha , Moreira Victor Rezende , Santos Lucilaine Valéria de Souza , Lange Liséte Celina , de Macedo Adriana Nori , Diniz Marina Gonçalves , Gomes Carolina Cavaliéri , de Castro Wagner Henriques , Canuto Gisele André Baptista , Gomez Ricardo Santiago 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to assess which metabolic pathways would be implicated in the phenotypic changes of the epithelial lining of odontogenic keratocyst after marsupialization, comparing pre‐ and post‐marsupialized lesions with adjacent oral mucosa.Materials and MethodsEighteen formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissues from six subjects were divided into three paired groups: odontogenic keratocyst pre‐ (n = 6) and post‐marsupialization (n = 6), and adjacent oral mucosa (n = 6). The metabolic pathways found in these groups were obtained by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry‐based untargeted metabolomics performed.ResultsThrough putative metabolite annotation followed by pathway enrichment and predictive analysis with automated algorithms (Mummichog and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis), we found differences in many cellular processes that may be involved in inflammation, oxidative stress response, keratinocyte‐basal membrane attachment, differentiation, and proliferation functions, all relevant to odontogenic keratocyst pathobiology and the phenotype acquired after marsupialization.ConclusionOur study was able to identify several metabolic pathways potentially involved in the metaplastic changes induced by marsupialization of odontogenic keratocysts. An improved comprehension of this process could pave the way for the development of targeted therapies.
Role of D‐alanylation of Streptococcus mutans lipoteichoic acid in interspecies competitiveness
Authors: Wu Minjing , Huang Shan , Du Jingyun , Jiang Shan , Cai Zhiyu , Zhan Ling , Huang Xiaojing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe D‐alanylation of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is essential for the physiological metabolism of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). This study was designed to investigate the influence of D‐alanylation of LTA on interspecies competitiveness of S. mutans.MethodsThe process of D‐alanylation was blocked by the inactivation of dltC. Agar competition assays, conditioned medium assays, and qRT‐PCR were used to evaluate the production of antimicrobial compounds in S. mutans mutant. Dual‐species biofilm was formed to investigate the competitiveness of S. mutans mutant cocultured with S. sanguinis or S. gordonii.ResultsS. mutans mutant could not produce antimicrobial compounds efficiently when cocultured with commensal bacteria (*p < 0.05). The mutant showed compromised competitiveness in dual‐species biofilms. The ratio of the mutant in dual‐species biofilms decreased, and the terminal pH of the culture medium in mutant groups (mutant+S. sanguinis/S. gordonii) was higher than that in wild‐type groups (*p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed weaker demineralization of enamel treated with dual‐species biofilms consisting of mutant and commensal bacteria.ConclusionD‐Alanylation is involved in interspecies competitiveness of S. mutans within oral biofilm by regulating mutacins and lactic acid production, which may modulate the profiles of dental biofilms. Results provide new insights into dental caries prevention and treatment.
Establishment of predicting equation for individual sufentanil dosage postoperatively based on gene polymorphisms
Authors: Cheng Huawei , Zeng Rong , Kong Lingsuo , Ding Conglan , He Yifu , Zhuang Wei , Sun Yancai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative analgesia is widely used for patients undergoing major surgeries. Individual differences in genetic polymorphisms may be obstructive factors for accurately anesthetics using. However, the equation for predicting sufentanil dosage postoperatively based on genetic design has been established yet. Our aim was to establish sufentanil dosage postoperatively prediction equation based on patients’ genetic polymorphisms.MethodsOne hundred forty patients with total gastrectomy and radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma were included. To establish sufentanil dosage postoperatively for patients with gastric cancer, we collected patients’ basic information and CYP3A4*1G, COMTVal158Met, OPRM1A118G, and ABCB1C3435T gene sequencing results. To verify this equation, we put patients’ with lung cancer surgeries information into it.ResultsThe sufentanil dosage prediction equation postoperatively was y = 4.104 − 0.222 × (gender) + 0.021 × (OPRM1A118G) + 0.249 × (ABCB1C3435T). Patients’ with lung cancer surgeries information were substituted into it. The results showed no significant differences between predicted and actual sufentanil dosage (p > 0.05).ConclusionWe established the prediction equation for individual sufentanil dosage postoperatively based on gene polymorphisms. The results showed this prediction equation was valid, which might be used for different types of surgeries. We established an equation for individual dosage of sufentanil for postoperative analgesia based on gene polymorphisms. The results show that the prediction equation is valid, the information might be used for different types of postoperative analgesia, and the painful patients will have great potential safe and personalized pain control after analgesic therapy. It might also have potential as a clinical tool.
Body in the face of uncertainty: The role of autonomic arousal and interoception in decision‐making under risk and ambiguity
Authors: Herman Aleksandra M. , Esposito Giulia , Tsakiris Manos 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInfluential theories posit that bodily responses are important for decision‐making under uncertainty. However, the evidence of the role of our ability to perceive subtle bodily changes (interoception) in decision‐making under uncertainty is mixed. These differences may arise from the fact that uncertainty, a part of daily decision‐making, can be fractionated into risk (known probabilities) and ambiguity (unknown probabilities). Here we examine the role of arousal and interoception in shaping risky and ambiguous decisions. We measured skin conductance responses and heart rate changes while participants (N = 40) made gambling decisions in the context of risky and ambiguous lotteries. Results reveal that the anticipation phase produced the largest arousal responses, suggesting that the anticipation is a major contributor to arousal during gambling behavior, regardless of the uncertainty type. Moreover, physiological responses were higher following positive outcomes than negative outcomes. We did not find any direct relation between interoceptive dimensions and the attitudes toward risk and ambiguity. However, in those with higher interoceptive accuracy, skin conductance responses differentiated between risk and ambiguity as well as between the gamble phases (decision, anticipation, and outcome). Together, our findings demonstrate that decision‐making under uncertainty is to some extent associated with individual differences in the ability both to generate and to perceive accurately subtle changes in bodily arousal during the decision‐making process. However, these changes seem to be moderately related to the type of uncertainty (risk or ambiguity).
The social ontology of promising
Authors: Norris Steven 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper takes an ontological approach to the subject of promising. Setting aside the typical concern over promissory obligations, I draw on recent work from the field of social ontology and develop a promissory schema that characterizes the functional role the practice of promising plays in our lives. This schema, put in terms of one agent's voluntary and intentional attempts to provide another agent with a specific kind of assurance, helps explain what we are doing when we make a promise, and what we desire when we ask that a promise be made. The promissory schema is explanatorily beneficial as it can help us understand why certain actions may be interpreted as promises, thereby reminding us that we need to be sensitive to the ways our actions can give rise to expectations in others.
Segregation or integration? Exploring activity disparities between migrants and settled urban residents using human mobility data
Authors: Gao Qi‐Li , Yue Yang , Tu Wei , Cao Jinzhou , Li Qing‐Quan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDue to the difficulty of tracking large numbers of new migrants, how their daily activity behaviors differ from those of settled residents has not been well investigated, leading to a lack of understanding of new migrants' integration. Meanwhile, existing research largely emphasized residential space and ignored other activity disparities. To obtain a more comprehensive picture of urban segregation, we identified new migrants and two settled urban groups from two kinds of human mobility data. A S‐T‐A‐D‐I interactive framework was proposed to measure segregation from multiple activity dimensions, including spatial colocation, temporal coexistence, accessibility, activity diversity, and social interaction. Two‐scale analysis of spatial colocation patterns reveals residential segregation by both residential location and housing type, suggesting the effectiveness of the mobility data in profiling socioeconomic groups. The temporal disparity in undertaking activities was unveiled by identifying temporal coexistence patterns. Moreover, the groups presented significant inequality in accessibility owing to the use of different travel modes, leading to a notable disparity in activity diversity. Jointly determined by the disparities in space, time, and diversity, the three groups generated a high level of self‐segregation, and new migrants and transit users presented very low interaction potentials with the car group.