bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of polyhexamethylene guanidine-induced lung injuries by chest CT, pathologic examination, and RNA sequencing in a rat model
Authors: Kim Cherry , Jeong Sang Hoon , Kim Jaeyoung , Lee Ki Yeol , Cha Jaehyung , Lee Chang Hyun , Park Eun-Kee , Lee Ju-Han 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOur aim was to correlate chest CT and pathologic findings of polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG)-induced lung injuries in a rat model, to determine whether PHMG exposure causes lung tumors, and to explore genetic alterations according to PHMG exposure under the guidance of CT. A PHMG solution was intratracheally administrated to 40 male rats. Chest CT was carried out in all rats and both lungs were collected for histopathologic evaluation. At 4- and 8-weeks post-instillation, one lobe of the right lung from 3 rats was subjected to RNA sequencing. At least one abnormal CT finding was found in all rats at all weeks. The major CT findings were inflammation, fibrosis, and tumors in the pathologic analysis, where significant changes were observed over time. The lung lesions remained persistent after 8 weeks of PHMG exposure. In the pathologic analysis, the extent/severity of inflammation did not show statistically significant changes over time, whereas the extent/severity of fibrosis increased continuously up to 6 weeks after PHMG exposure and then decreased significantly at 8 weeks. Bronchiolar-alveolar adenomas which have malignant potential were found in 50% of rats at 6 and 8 weeks after PHMG exposure. Also, several genes associated with lung cancer, acute lung injury, and pulmonary fibrosis were detected. Our study revealed that PHMG-induced lung injury and its changes according to the number of weeks after exposure were demonstrated using chest CT and pathologic evaluation. In addition, we showed that PHMG exposure caused lung tumors and genetic alterations according to PHMG exposure under the guidance of CT.
Transcriptome of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) exposed to total-body irradiation
Authors: Li Yaoxiang , Singh Jatinder , Varghese Rency , Zhang Yubo , Fatanmi Oluseyi O. , Cheema Amrita K. , Singh Vijay K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe field of biodosimetry has seen a paradigm shift towards an increased use of molecular phenotyping technologies including omics and miRNA, in addition to conventional cytogenetic techniques. Here, we have used a nonhuman primate (NHP) model to study the impact of gamma-irradiation on alterations in blood-based gene expression. With a goal to delineate radiation induced changes in gene expression, we followed eight NHPs for 60 days after exposure to 6.5 Gy gamma-radiation for survival outcomes. Analysis of differential gene expression in response to radiation exposure yielded 26,944 dysregulated genes that were not significantly impacted by sex. Further analysis showed an increased association of several pathways including IL-3 signaling, ephrin receptor signaling, ErbB signaling, nitric oxide signaling in the cardiovascular system, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and inflammasome pathway, which were associated with positive survival outcomes in NHPs after acute exposure to radiation. This study provides novel insights into major pathways and networks involved in radiation-induced injuries that may identify biomarkers for radiation injury.
Microstructure and shear properties of ultrasonic-assisted Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu solder joints under thermal cycling
Authors: Cui Jianguo , Zhang Keke , Zhao Di , Pan Yibo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThrough ultrasonic wave assisted Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) soldering test and − 40 to 125 °C thermal shock test, the microstructure and shear properties of Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu solder joints under thermal cycling were studied by the SEM, EDS and XRD. The results show that the Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu solder joints with high quality and high reliability can be obtained by ultrasonic assistance. When the ultrasonic vibration power is 88 W, the ultrasonic-assisted Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RE0.05Ni/Cu solder joints exhibits the optimized performance. During the thermal cycling process, the shear strength of ultrasonic-assisted Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu solder joints had a linear relationship with the thickness of interfacial intermetallic compound (IMC). Under the thermal cycling, the interfacial IMC layer of ultrasonic-assisted Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu solder joints consisted of (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 and Cu3Sn. The thickness of interfacial IMC of ultrasonic-assisted Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu solder joints was linearly related to the square root of equivalent time. The growth of interfacial IMC of ultrasonic-assisted Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu solder joints had an incubation period, and the growth of IMC was slow within 300 cycles. And after 300 cycles, the IMC grew rapidly, the granular IMC began to merge, and the thickness and roughness of IMC increased obviously, which led to a sharp decrease in the shear strength of the solder joints. The 0.05 wt% Ni could inhibit the excessive growth of IMC, improve the shear strength of solder joints and improve the reliability of solder joints. The fracture mechanism of ultrasonic-assisted Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu solder joints changed from the ductile–brittle mixed fracture in the solder/IMC transition zone to the brittle fracture in the interfacial IMC.
Impact of g force and timing on the characteristics of platelet-rich fibrin matrices
Authors: Castro Ana B. , Andrade C. , Li X. , Pinto N. , Teughels W. , Quirynen M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecently, new centrifugation protocols for the preparation of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) have been introduced in an attempt to further improve the beneficial impact of these 2nd generation platelet concentrate membranes. This in-vitro study aimed to compare the biological and physical characteristics of three types of PRF membranes using two different centrifuges with adapted relative centrifugal forces (RCF): leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin, advanced platelet-rich fibrin, and advanced platelet-rich fibrin+. Release of growth factors, macroscopic dimensions, cellular content and mechanical properties of the respective membranes, prepared from blood of the same individual were explored. Furthermore, the impact of timing (blood draw-centrifugation and centrifugation-membrane preparation) was assessed morphologically as well as by electron microscopy scanning. No statistically significant differences amongst the three PRF modifications could be observed, neither in their release of growth factors or the cellular content, nor in clot/membrane dimensions. The difference between both centrifuges were negligible when the same g-force was used. A lower g-force, however, reduced membrane tensile strength. Timing in the preparation process had a significant impact. Adaptation of RCF only had a minimal impact on the final characteristics of PRF membranes.
Chromosomal regions strongly associated with waist circumference and body mass index in metabolic syndrome in a family-based study
Authors: Daneshpour Maryam S. , Zarkesh Maryam , Masjoudi Sajedeh , Azizi Fereidoun , Hedayati Mehdi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObesity is the most crucial phenotype in metabolic syndrome (MetS), and waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) are two common indexes to define obesity. It is an accepted fact that genetic and environmental interaction influence obesity and MetS. Microsatellites are a subcategory of tandem repeats with a length of 1 to 10 nucleotides. Tandem repeats make up repetitive genomic regions. Differences in the number of tandem repeats or their variation (alleles) result in microsatellite polymorphisms. Thus, we attempted to find microsatellite variation associated with WC and BMI in a family-based study. Twelve microsatellite markers were selected to investigate possible genes or chromosomal regions in 91 families with at least one affected MetS. The cut-off values for BMI and WC were considered 25 kg/m2 and 90 cm, respectively. In all members of the families, the strongest association was observed between the marker D11S1304 (allele 1) with both WC and BMI, independently, by the biallelic model in the family-based association test analysis (P < 0.05). Besides, when we compared high- and low-level groups in members with MetS, the markers D8S1743 and D11S1304 (allele 1) showed a strong association with WC (P = 0.0080) and BMI (P = 0.0074), respectively. When the simultaneous detection of the high WC and MetS status was used as a trait, the strongest association was observed with the marker D8S1743 (P = 0.0034). Moreover, when BMI with the high MetS status was used as a trait, the strongest association was observed with the marker D8S1743 (allele 4) (P = 0.0034). The obtained results showed a relationship between obesity and MetS with markers on the selected regions on chromosomes 8 and 11, and to a lesser degree, on chromosome 12.
Posturography with head movements in the assessment of balance in chronic unilateral vestibular lesions
Authors: Janc Magdalena , Sliwinska-Kowalska Mariola , Politanski Piotr , Kaminski Marek , Jozefowicz-Korczynska Magdalena , Zamyslowska-Szmytke Ewa 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe aim of our study was to validate the method of head-shake static posturography (HS-posturography) in healthy individuals and to establish the value of this novel method in the diagnostics of patients with unilateral vestibular lesion (UV). The study included 202 participants divided into two groups, one consisting of 133 patients with canal paresis CP > 19% and one of 69 healthy subjects. Participant was tested according to the standard protocol of static posturography (SP), and with head movements of 0.3 Hz (HS 40), 0.6 Hz (HS 70) in random order controlled by a metronome. HS-posturography revealed a similar repeatability and internal consistency as the standard posturography. In patients with UV, 4th condition revealed higher sensitivity (74%) and specificity (71%) in HS 40 than in the standard posturography (67%, 65% respectively) and HS 70 (54%, 70% respectively). Static posturography and HS- posturography revealed a high reliability of the testing method. The head movements added to static posturography improve the sensitivity and specificity of the method in group with vestibular impairment. The most important test for that purpose seems to be the one on unstable surface with the eyes closed, with low frequency of head movements.
Effects of SLC22A2 808G>T polymorphism and bosutinib concentrations on serum creatinine in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia receiving bosutinib therapy
Authors: Abumiya Maiko , Takahashi Naoto , Takahashi Saori , Yoshioka Tomoko , Kameoka Yoshihiro , Miura Masatomo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of SLC22A2 808G>T polymorphism and trough concentrations (C0) of bosutinib on serum creatinine in 28 patients taking bosutinib. At 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after administration, analysis of bosutinib C0 and creatinine was performed at the same time of day. Significant correlations were observed between bosutinib C0 and the change rate of serum creatinine or the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; r = 0.328, P < 0.001 and r = − 0.315, P < 0.001, respectively). These correlations were particularly high in patients having the SLC22A2 808G/G genotype (r = 0.345 and r = − 0.329, respectively); however, in patients having the 808T allele, there were no significant differences. In multivariate analyses, the SLC22A2 808G/G genotype, patient age, bosutinib C0 and second-line or later bosutinib were independent factors influencing the change rate of creatinine. Bosutinib elevated serum creatinine through organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2). We observed a 20% increase in serum creatinine with a median bosutinib C0 of 63.4–73.2 ng/mL. Periodic measurement of serum creatinine after bosutinib therapy is necessary to avoid progression to severe renal dysfunction from simple elevation of creatinine mediated by OCT2 following bosutinib treatment.
Neural precursor cells are decreased in the hippocampus of the delayed carbon monoxide encephalopathy rat model
Authors: Ochi Shinichiro , Sekiya Keisuke , Abe Naoki , Funahashi Yu , Kumon Hiroshi , Yoshino Yuta , Nishihara Tasuku , Boku Shuken , Iga Jun-ichi , Ueno Shu-ichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe pathophysiology of delayed carbon monoxide (CO) encephalopathy remains unclear. In this study, the effects of CO exposure on the dentate gyrus (DG) were investigated in a Wistar rat model by histochemical and molecular methods. Model rats showed significant cognitive impairment in the passive-avoidance test beginning 7 days after CO exposure. Immunohistochemistry showed that compared to the control, the cell number of SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2)+/brain lipid binding protein (BLBP)+/glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)+ cells in the DG was significantly less, but the number of SOX2+/GFAP− cells was not, reflecting a decreased number of type 1 and type 2a neural precursor cells. Compared to the control, the numbers of CD11b+ cells and neuron glial antigen 2+ cells were significantly less, but the number of SOX2−/GFAP+ cells was not. Flow cytometry showed that the percent of live microglial cells isolated from the hippocampus in this CO rat model was significantly lower than in controls. Furthermore, mRNA expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, which are neurogenic factors, was significantly decreased in that area. We conclude that, in this rat model, there is an association between delayed cognitive impairment with dysregulated adult hippocampal neurogenesis and glial changes in delayed CO encephalopathy.
Evaluation of UBE3A antibodies in mice and human cerebral organoids
Authors: Sen Dilara , Drobna Zuzana , Keung Albert J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUBE3A is an E3 ubiquitin ligase encoded by the neurally imprinted UBE3A gene. The abundance and subcellular distribution of UBE3A has been the topic of many previous studies as its dosage and localization has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders including Autism, Dup15q syndrome, and Angelman syndrome. While commercially available antibodies have been widely employed to determine UBE3A localization, an extensive analysis and comparison of the performance of different UBE3A antibodies has not been conducted. Here we evaluated the specificities of seven commercial UBE3A antibodies in two of the major experimental models used in UBE3A research, mouse and human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural cells and tissues. We tested these antibodies in their two most common assays, immunofluorescence and western blot. In addition, we also assessed the ability of these antibodies to capture dynamic spatiotemporal changes of UBE3A by utilizing human cerebral organoid models. Our results reveal that among the seven antibodies tested, three antibodies demonstrated substantial nonspecific immunoreactivity. While four antibodies show specific localization patterns in both mouse brain sections and human cerebral organoids, these antibodies varied significantly in background signals and staining patterns in undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells.
Lactobacillus rhamnosusFJSYC4-1 andLactobacillus reuteriFGSZY33L6 alleviate metabolic syndromeviagut microbiota regulation
Authors: Zheng Fuli , Wang Zhi , Stanton Catherine , Ross R. Paul , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Yang Bo , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2021

Lactobacillus can regulate the gut microbiota and produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which can induce satiety hormones, inhibit food intake and increase satiety, and thus improve metabolic syndrome.
Deep learning‐based action recognition with 3D skeleton: A survey
Authors: Xing Yuling , Zhu Jia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAction recognition based on 3D skeleton data has attracted much attention due to its wide application, and it is one of the most popular research topics in computer vision. The 3D skeleton data is an effective representation of motion dynamics and is not easily affected by light, scene variation, etc. Previous research on action recognition has mainly focused on video or RGB data methods. In recent years, the advantages of combining skeleton data and deep learning have been gradually demonstrated, many impressive methods have been proposed, especially GCN‐based methods. In this survey, we first introduce the development process of 3D skeleton‐data action recognition and the classification of graph convolutional network, then introduce the commonly used NTU RGB + D and NTU RGB + D 120 datasets. Finally, a detailed review of existing variants of three mainstream technologies is provided based on deep learning and their performance was compared from three dimensions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research to integrate the research of GCN‐based method and its various evolutionary methods. Comparative investigation of existing variants of research in action‐recognition task from different perspectives is made, a generic framework is described, state‐of‐the‐art practices are summarized, and the emerging trends of this topic are explored.
Real‐valued gridless DOA estimation in massive ULA using a single snapshot
Authors: Yuan Jiawen , Zhang Gong , Liu Wenbo , Wang Xinhai , Qi Changyun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBasis mismatch challenges the conventional direction‐of‐arrival estimation constrained by sparse representation, especially in the case of massive antennas limited to a single snapshot. In this letter, we develop a real‐valued gridless direction‐of‐arrival estimation method to improve angular precision in the aforementioned circumstances. A new data model is first established through real‐valued transformation and then estimate the large low‐rank matrix with nuclear norm minimization. A fast iterative algorithm is designed to recover the underlying matrix faithfully and efficiently by the alternating direction method of multipliers. Numerical examples validate the performance improvement of the proposed method in the massive uniform linear array. This work also shows the potential to apply in measured data of the millimeter‐wave multiple‐input multiple‐output system.
Method for registration of 3D shapes without overlap for known 3D priors
Authors: Hu P. , Munteanu A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn 3D registration of point clouds, the goal is to find an optimal transformation that aligns the input shapes, provided that they have some overlap. Existing methods suffer from performance degradation when the overlapping ratio between the neighbouring point clouds is small. So far, there is no existing method that can be adopted for aligning shapes with no overlap. In this letter, to the best of knowledge, the first method for the registration of 3D shapes without overlap, assuming that the shapes correspond to partial views of a known semi‐rigid 3D prior is presented. The method is validated and compared to existing methods on FAUST, which is a known dataset used for human body reconstruction. Experimental results show that this approach can effectively align shapes without overlap. Compared to existing state‐of‐the‐art methods, this approach avoids iterative optimization and is robust to outliers and inherent inaccuracies induced by an initial rough alignment of the shapes.
Selective spectral correlation for efficient map merging in multi‐robot systems
Authors: Lee Heoncheol 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis letter addresses the problem of grid map merging in multi‐robot systems without knowledge of inter‐robot observations, common landmarks and initial relative poses. Several map merging methods have been proposed to solve the problem while overcoming the lack of features or local minima. This letter proposes a selective spectral correlation method for more efficient map merging which can reduce computation times while maintaining the accuracy. The performance of the proposed method was tested with experimental datasets and compared with other existing methods.
Toward developing tangling noise removal and blind inpainting mechanism based on total variation in image processing
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ashfaq , Dharejo Fayaz Ali , Deeba Farah , Ashraf Shahzad , Kim Juntae , Kim Hoon 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the field of image processing, tangling noise and artefacts elimination of objects are two essential tasks. Tangling noise and lack of intensity in certain applications also occur at the same time. In this paper, a new variational model is proposed based on total variation and l0 the norm for simultaneously removing the tangling noise, estimating the location of missing pixels, and filling in them. To be specific, the total variation is used to regularize the estimated image and use the l0 norm to make the missing pixel to be sparse. Moreover, the data fidelity term is given by a new forward description about the degraded process and the gamma noise assumption. Finally, an algorithm based on the alternating direction multiplier method is exploited to solve the model. By conducting simulated and real experiments, the damaged images can be effectively restored by the proposed method. In qualitative and quantitative terms, this approach works better.
Evaluation and analysis of novel flux‐adjustable permanent magnet eddy current couplings with multiple rotors
Authors: Li Zhao , Zhang Liang , Qu Boyang , Yang Hui , Wang Dazhi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article proposes a novel flux‐adjustable permanent magnet eddy current coupling with multiple rotors. According to the different functions, the permanent magnet rotors are divided into fixed‐flux and flux‐adjustable rotors. By adjusting the relative position between two types of permanent magnet rotors, the magnetic field, torque, and output speed are controlled without changing the air‐gap length. To quickly and easily analyse the torque performance, an analytical model for the torque of such devices is developed based on the non‐linear magnetic equivalent circuit approach. In the modelling phase, a number of factors are considered, such as the skin effect, the inductance of eddy current field, the temperature effect, and so on. A three‐dimensional finite element method is employed to validate the model results, and the comparative analysis shows the advantages and potential of the proposed topology. The further sensitivity analysis of the key parameters is also made, which offers helpful information for the preliminary design of such devices.
Novel rotor design of dual‐stator brushless doubly fed generator based on surrogate model
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhang Yue , Jin Shi , Wang Huijun , Zhang Fengge 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDual‐stator brushless doubly fed generator (DSBDFG) is a novel generator applied for wind power generation, and the electromechanical energy conversion between the stator and rotor is realised by the magnetic field modulation of the special rotor structure. Therefore, the rotor design is critical to improve the performance of DSBDFG. In this study, the different rotor structures are compared and analysed, and the position of the non‐magnetic ring is determined. In order to reduce the computational cost and improve the optimisation efficiency, the surrogate model coupled with the multi‐island geometric algorithm is applied for the optimisation of the magnetic barrier layer of the cage barrier rotor. In addition, in order to reduce the effect of skin effect on the copper loss of cage bars of the rotor, the different simulation models, whose cage bars have different layer number, are simulated and analysed. Finally, the simulation and experimental results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of surrogate model used for the rotor optimisation design of DSBDFG.