bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Following the strategy inside and outside the circle in the collection of material socializing with fifth graders
Authors: Creidi Dr. Abbas Ali 
Published: March 2021

The current research aims to identify the impact of the strategy of inside and outside the circle in the achievement of social studies at the fifth grade primary school .
To achieve the point of this research the scholar applied the null hypotheses :
There is no statistically difference significant between the average scores of the experimental group students who have studied the social studies by strategy of inside and outside the circle and between the average scores of the control group who studied the same material in the trditional method in the achievement .
The current research confined on the students of public primary day schools in Baghdad for the academic year (2016/2017), the scholar depended on a partial seizure experimental design (the experimental group and a control group of the post-test),and the scholar chose the primary shchool Ibn Al-Nadim one of the Education directorate /Al-Russafa the second / Baghdad, for the academic year (2016/2017) and that for the purpose of application the experiment , the sample consisted of (80) students , by (40) one in the experiment group that taught according to the strategy of inside and outside the circle, and (40) of the student in the control group that taught by the traditional method .
The scholar equalized between the two groups before starting the experience in some variables (pre-knowledge test, IQ level ), the material that going to be taught has been identified which included the first two chapters of the social studies book that going to be taught to the fifth grade primary, then the scholar formed the behavioral goals that included (80) behavioral goal in light of the overall goals and according to (Bloom) classification for the knoledge domain of three levels (knoledge, understanding, application) .
The scholar prepared an achievement objective test a multiple-choice type that included (30) paragraph according to the map test.
The experience applied in the academic year (2016/2017) by three lessons per week for each group .
The result showed that there are statistically diffrences significant at the level of (0,05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who have studied by strategy of inside and outside the circle and between the average scores of the control group who studied the same material in the trditional method and the advantage of the experimental group in the achievement .
The downward spiral of the concepts of the prophet in the Makkah Quranic period Quotations in semantic analysis and explanatory criticis
Authors: Al Ardhi Assist. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Jaafar 
Published: March 2021

The inferior view of the Qur'anic discourse and its context is given a qualitative explanation because it puts us in front of the Qur'anic verses that have dealt with the stages of the Islamic call in a real and precise manner. The examination of the tools and treatments deepens an internal Koranic examination that goes beyond the external examination which is likely to contradict the Qur'anic will.
This is the result of the downstream view of the production of accurate interpretive statements in the production of the realist hierarchy in the expression of the Muhammadic message and the concepts that share the production of the system of the apostolic act and what it opposes. This is why careful reading of the concepts related to awareness of the apostolic phenomenon One hand and facing it on the other. The meaning of this is that we are faced with systematic observations that show their effects in monitoring the Quranic follow-up to the community event, and Quranic follow-up to receive the Koranic discourse and dealing with the Prophet peace be upon him and peace and blessings at the beginning of the call, As well as its impact on the manifestations of the Prophet's biography and recording the positions of Quranic follow-up in this field and the Koranic monitoring of the incidents; the research is to read a set of words in order to produce a developmental understanding.
The research aims at following up the concepts of the opposition in the atmosphere of the Muhammedian missionary formation and produce an inferior reading of the system of this formation and solve problems of nodal and show the effects of intellectual and advocacy active in the Quranic stage Makki; where research ends in the moments of the downward spiral to the formation accompanied by concepts: muzammel; prophet; withess; the owner; orphan; host; the rost; Al-munther; the save; prophet the proverb; Al-Bashir to develop the network of the massage in this phasein the light of these concepts of the institutional. .
The effectiveness of the delegate's mobile strategy in collecting biology and motivation in the fourth grade
Authors: Jaid Al Rikab M. Dr. Qusay Qassimi 
Published: March 2021

The aim of the present research is to find out the effctiveness of Roving Reporter strategy in the students' achievement of the four-grade science in biology and their achievement motivation through investigating the following two hypotheses:
1-There is no statistically significant difference in the significance level of (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who will be taught by Roving Reporter strategy and the average scores of the control group students who will be taught by the same material by the traditional method in the biology achievement test.
2-There is no statistically significant difference in the significance level of (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who will be taught byRoving Reporter strategy and the average scores of the control group students who will be taught the same material by the traditional method intheachievement motivation scale.
The sample of the research consisted of (60) students of four-grade science from Abe dharr Al-Ghafary preparatory in the city baghdad Rusafa- three for the school year(2016-2017) and this school to apply this experience. Students selected randomly into two groups each group consists of (30) students. Both group were equivalent in number of variables such as: Achievement motivation.
At investigating the hypotheses، the research is built on an achievement test that consists of (32) items، (29) items of a multiple-choice type and (3) items of essay question، The validity and reliability are checked. The researcher adopted the scale of(Al-Janaby،2013) to measure the study achievement motivation after checked by a group of experts to make the suitable changes
according to the validity and reliability.
At the final the scale consists of (50) items. After the implementation of experiment in second course for the study Year of (2017-2016) from the researcher and his research groups according to study plans that prepared. The researcher applied the achievement test and measure the study achievement motivation for the two groups experimental and control .The data was processed statistically by using(T-test) for equal to two independent samples .The results showed superiority of the experimental group students who studied according to Roving Reporter strategy on the control group students who studied by the traditional method in variables of study achievement and achievement motivation.
In the light of the results the researcher concluded that the Roving Reporter strategy has positive effect in biology achievement and achievement motivation.
According to these resells ،the researcher has some recommendations and suggestions sac has :to use Roving Reporter strategy to teach mathematics and make more studies that use the active learning strategy in other variables that not contained in this study.
Keywords: effectiveness, mobile delegate strategy, biology, mental motivation, fourth graders.
Osmanlı İslami Politik Düşüncesi ve İdari Tecrübesinin Machiavelli Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: KOÇ Yunus , TOPLUK Gökhan 
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Niccolo Machiavelli’nin İtalya’nın başında görmek istediği “Prens” tipiyle kendi merceğinden görüp değerlendirdiği “sultan” karakteri arasındaki örtüşmelere dikkat çekmektir. Çalışmada, devlet adamlığı vasfı da bulunan Floransalı yazarın Osmanlı’nın en satvetli ve kudretli zamanını idrak eden bir düşünür olarak bu güce kayıtsız kalamayacağı varsayılmıştır. Öncelikle yazarın, Osmanlı İslam düşüncesi ile açık ya da muhtemel teması çeşitli araştırmalara işaret edilerek ispatlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonrasında Machiavelli’nin “Prens” eserini kurgularken İslam Osmanlı tecrübesinin entelektüel, siyasi, idari, askeri ve dini yapısından neler almış olabileceği tartışılarak, Prens ile Machiavelli’nin muhayyilesindeki sultan arasındaki benzerliklere işaret edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Prens’in bir anlamda Osmanlı sultanının İtalya koşullarına uyarlanmış şekli olabileceği iddia edilmiştir.
İmparatorluktan Cumhuriyete: Türk Siyasetinde “İktidar Boşluğunun” Doldurulması
Authors: BAYKAL Ömer 
Published: March 2021

Mondros Mütarekesi sonrası imparatorluğun fiilen varlığını yitirmesi neticesinde bir iktidar boşluğu oluşmuştur. Devletin muhafazası amacıyla hareket eden, birçoğu yenileşme döneminde ordu içerisinde görev yapmış olan elitlerin ortaya koyduğu çaba, kısa süre içerisinde amaç ve yöntem değiştirmiştir. Ulusal egemenlik söylemini Anadolu’da dolaşıma sokan, öncülük ettiği meclis ve yönettiği ordu üzerinden iktidar boşluğunu dolduran Mustafa Kemal Paşa siyasi lider konumuna evirilmiştir. Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın göstermiş olduğu çaba şahsi bir başarının ötesinde kısasüre sonra kurulacak olan modern cumhuriyetin temellerini oluşturmuştur. Çalışma, Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın geleneksel elitler ile olan mücadelesini ve Birinci Meclisin bu sürede oynadığı tarihsel rolü, iktidar ilişkileri bakımından çözümlemeyi hedeflemektedir.
Dil Kardeşliği: Göçmen Öğrencilerle Etkileşimde Dilin Rolü Olabilir mi?*
Authors: UÇAR Metin 
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışma, aynı isimli bir bilimsel araştırma projesinin verilerine dayanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Proje, aralarında yeterince arkadaşlık ilişkisi olmayan, birbirlerinden uzak duran ve birbirleri hakkında önyargıları olduğu tespit edilen yerli ve göçmen ortaöğretim öğrencilerini bir araya getirmeyi hedeflemiştir. Bunun için “dil öğrenme/öğretme etkinlikleri” araç olarak kullanılmıştır. Birbirlerine ana dillerini öğretecek yerli ve göçmen öğrencilerin, birlikte vakit geçirecekleri, arkadaş olacakları ve birbirleri hakkındaki önyargılarını aşacakları varsayılmıştır. Dil etkinlikleri öncesinde, esnasında ve bittikten sonra öğrencilerin birlikte vakit geçirme ve arkadaşlık düzeyleri, anlamacı ve keşfedici bir bilimsel metodolojiye uygun olarak, “enformel sohbet tarzı görüşme” ve “gözlem” teknikleri kullanılarak anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuçta öğrencilerin arkadaşlık düzeylerinin geliştiği gözlenmiştir. Kız ve erkek öğrenciler, göçmen ve Türk öğrenciler, lise ve ortaokul öğrencileri arasında ciddi farklar olduğu da anlaşılmıştır. Kızların erkeklere, göçmen öğrencilerin Türk öğrencilere, liselilerin ortaokullulara oranla daha çok gelişim sergilediği görülmüştür. Ancak genel olarak, tüm gruplarda bir ilerleme gözlendiğinden, entegrasyon için akranlarla sosyalleşmenin ve özellikle dil ile ilgili etkinliklerin ne kadar önemli olabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DAN KEWARGANEGARAAN (PPKn)
Authors: Cahyono Cahyono , Sukarliana Lili , Mulyana Dadang 
Published: March 2021

One of the learning models in the 2013 curriculum is the inquiry learning model, so researchers are interested in finding out the application of the inquiry learning model in developing students' critical thinking skills in Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) subjects. The aim is to describe the planning, process, student responses, obstacles and efforts of teachers to the application of the inquiry learning model in developing students' critical thinking abilities in Pancasila and Citizenship Education subjects. The theory used by the inquiry learning model according to Komalasari (2017) and critical thinking according to Deswani (in Nana Najmina 2017). Research Method Descriptive study qualitative approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, literature study, and documentation techniques. Respondents of Pancasila and Citizenship Education Teachers and Class XI Students. Sampling was taken by means of Proportionet Stratified Random Sampling and data processing techniques by means of reduction, display, verification, triangulation. The results showed that with the application of the inquiry learning model students could develop critical thinking skills by solving problems. The obstacles faced are generally from the allocation of time, students and the many efforts made by Pancasila and Civics Education teachers.
Keywords: Inquary Learning Model, critical thinking, Pancasila and Citizenship Education
An Analysis of the Aesthetic Characteristics of “Yunyaoji”
Authors: Qian Lin 
Published: March 2021

As the representative of folk Ci, “Yunyaoji” has its unique beauty in content, artistic expression and structure. It is not only the epitome and reflection of the beauty of social life of the ordinary class at that time, but also the plain Lyric way and the artistic technique of gentle and implicit emotional expression, which makes the CI return and integrate into the ordinary people's life and become a success For people's entertainment and appreciation of the content, and has a groping style, vaguely regular structure of the beauty of the word, but also makes the aesthetic characteristics of the word itself more realm. At the same time, the analysis and discussion of the aesthetic characteristics of “Yunyaoji” is not only a kind of understanding and return of beauty today, but also are examination and tracing of the aesthetic characteristics of Chinese excellent culture.
Research Strategy and Practical Experience of Endogenous Mechanism of Precision Poverty Alleviation
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui 
Published: March 2021

This article summarizes Chinese’s researches on poverty problem as well as research strategies and steps of accurate poverty alleviation endogenous mechanism. Based on the analyze and research on the current poverty alleviation strategies, it proposes a practical path for China to get rid of poverty as well as ways to strengthen Chinese endogenous mechanism for poverty alleviation.
Brief Study on Main Ferries in Gansu Section of the Yellow River in Han Dynasty
Authors: Li Tianye 
Published: March 2021

Ferry serves as an important element of traffic. The Yellow River Ferry in Gansu Province and the north-south traffic routes from Chang’an to Hexi during Han Dynasty corresponds with each other but also are divided into north and south ways. Beidao ferry is mainly a cable bridge crossing while the north line of the south road is mianly zhengbojin, qingshijin and shichengjin, and the south line of the south route is the ferry of heguan county. The ferry on the north line of North Road and South Road blocks the traffic to or from Qinghai to Hexi so the two ferries in the north and south played a crucial part in the management of the northwest frontier during Han Dynasty. Exploring the original setting reasons and sites of each ferry on the Yellow River is conductive to the gradual restoration of the silk Road traffic routes, landway and waterway transportation hubs, promoting the exploration and protection of the transport historical and cultural heritage at the intersection of the Yellow River and Silk Road, and then enhance the connotation of cultural tourism.
Kerja Keras Siswa dalam Pelajaran Sains
Authors: Risman Rahmayeni 
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian: Ada enam indikator untuk mengukur kerja keras siswa, yaitu, menciptakan kondisi etos kerja, tidak pernah menyerah, selalu fokus pada pelajaran, melakukan semua tugas kelas diselesaikan dengan baik pada waktu yang ditentukan, tidak menyerah dalam menghadapi kesulitan dalam belajar, berusaha menyelesaikan tugas sampai selesai, Menciptakan suasana belajar yang merangsang daya tahan di tempat kerja.
Metodologi: Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah statistik deskriptif di mana peneliti akan menggambarkan kerja keras siswa dalam mata pelajaran IPA di 17 sekolah menengah pertama di Kota Jambi dengan jumlah sampel dalam mengisi kuesioner adalah 126 siswa.
Temuan Utama: Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, ditemukan bahwa indikator pertama, ketiga, kelima dan keenam siswa dominan berada dalam kategori baik, sedangkan indikator kedua dan keempat siswa dominan berada dalam kategori cukup.
Sintesis Nitroselulosa Dari Serat Rami (Boechmerianivea) Menggunakan Trietilamin
Authors: Rizkiah Riza , Kencanawati Kenny , Rosidin Ahmad , Wibowo Lingga 
Published: March 2021

Nitrocellulose is cellulose that is titrated into an ester polymer which can be used as a major component in several types of ammunition and explosives and other materials. Hemp (Boehmeria nivea) is a type of fiber plant that is rich in cellulose and thrives in Indonesia. Until now, the need for nitrocellulose in Indonesia is still imported, even though there is a lot of potential for cellulose that can be exploited, one of which is by synthesizing nitrocellulose from the hemp plant. One of the many uses of nitrocellulose derivatives, one of which is propellant. The propellant is the fuel or power source of a rocket engine. Nitrocellulose that can be used for propellants is nitrocellulose with levels between 11-13.3% nitrogen. This study aims to produce nitrocellulose in levels that meet the standards for making propellants. The study was carried out with a cellulose activation procedure using 20% ​​sodium hydroxide and 1 ml of triethylamine per gram of cellulose. Cellulose nitration was carried out using sulfuric acid and nitric acid with the composition of A (1: 1), B (2: 1) and C (3: 1) which were refluxed for 3 hours. Nitrogen determination was carried out using the Kjeldahl method. The results showed that from 3 samples A, B, and C, nitrogen levels were obtained respectively 12.62%, 13.23%, and 12.97%. This shows that the nitrocellulose from the hemp plant (Boehmeria nivea) can be used for propellants.
Keywords: Hemp, nitrocellulose, nitration, triethylamine, propellant
EFEKTIVITAS MEDIASI DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA MEDIS (Studi Lapangan Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Sleman)
Authors: Nasution Uly Purnama 
Published: March 2021

Melindungi serta menjamin kesehatan setiap warga negara menjadi hal yang sangat penting yang harus diperhatikan oleh pemerintah, hal tersebut secara implisit terkandung dalam pembukaan UUD Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 seringkali setiap tindakan yang di laksankan belum mampu menjawab amanah konstitusi tersebut dari adanya tindakan yang membehasan keselamatan pasien. tidakan tersebut sering dilaksankan uapaya mediasi akan tetapi Efetivitas mediasi sering tidak dapat di terapkan sebgaimana mestinya mengingat berbagai kendala antara lain meliputi hasil laboratorium yang sering tidak transparan sehingga pasien yang sehat dapat di covid kan dan serta dokter melakukan tindakan tidak sesuai dengan informed consent sehingga sering kali keluarga korban lebih memilih jalur hukum ketimbang mediasi mengingat sudah menimbulkan korban dan nyawa tidak dapat di gantikan
Socio-political Discourse Addressing Liberal Values in Russia in the Early 20th Century
Authors: Гаврикова А.С. 
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматривается обращение либеральных кругов российской общественности начала ХХ века к исследованию избирательного права, гражданских свобод, организации выборов, проведению политической агитации и британского опыта в этих вопросах. Внутриполитические кризисные явления в России в начале ХХ века и рост революционных настроений сказались на повестке отечественной общественно-политической мысли. Работа первого российского парламента — Государственной думы, и становление многопартийности находились под пристальным вниманием отечественных либералов. Выборы и процесс введения всеобщего избирательного права изучался с учетом уже имеющегося западного опыта, в том числе английского выборного права. Анализируются оригинальные взгляды В. В. Водовозова, Н. И. Лазаревского, В. Ф. Матвеева, В. Ф. Дерюжинского, весьма остро реагировавших на происходящее в стране и проявлявших высокий интерес к изучению британского опыта партийного строительства и демократических ценностей. В кругах либералов появился практический интерес к исследованию политической жизни Великобритании. В статье отражены и обобщены их взгляды на дальнейшую демократизацию России, включение населения в политическую жизнь, расширение политических и гражданских прав и свобод населения, свободы печати, собраний, союзов, петиций.
The article focuses on the way Russian liberals of the early 20th century treated the investigation of suffrage, civil freedoms, election system, political propaganda, and the British election practices. Domestic political problems experienced by Russia in the early 20th century and the proliferation of revolutionary ideas produced a significant impact on the socio-political discourse. The work of Russia’s first Parliament, the State Duma, and the development of a multi-party parliamentary system were scrutinized by Russian liberals. Election practices and the introduction of universal suffrage were assessed against the backdrop of foreign election practices, British election practices in particular. The article analyzes V. V. Vodovozov’s, N. I. Lazorevsky’s, V. F. Matveev’s, V. F. Deryuzhinsky’s views on the changes pervading the Russian political system. It underlines the political philosopher’s keen interest in the investigation of British party practices and democratic values. The article maintains
that Russian liberals were interested in the investigation of British political life. It deals with Russian liberals’ views on further democratization of Russia, people’s engagement in political life, the proliferation of political and civil rights and freedoms, including the freedom of the press, the freedom of assembly, the freedom of association, and the freedom of petition.