bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated analysis of ceRNA network in lung adenocarcinoma based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wang Huixin , Li Qian , Hou Xiaowen , Shi Xinzhu , Feng Xu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

Increasing studies have revealed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) can bind to microRNA (miRNAs) as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), which can affect the expression of mRNAs. These lncRNA related ceRNAs theoretically play an important role in the occurrence and progress of cancer. However, the roles and functions of ceRNA network in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are not completely clear.
Methods

1. The chip data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Different lncRNAs and mRNAs were analyzed by GEO2R, and then the target miRNAs and target mRNAs were predicted. The ceRNA network was constructed and subjected to enrichment analysis. 2. The lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 gene Knockout was constructed. The siRNA was constructed and transfected into LUAD cell A549 by cell transfection. The CCK8, Transwell, scratch assay and flow cytometry were used to gauging the ability of cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis.
Results

In total, 6 lncRNAs and 494 mRNAs were identified as differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs) in LUAD. A total of 6 DElncRNAs interacted with 22 DEmiRNAs and 22 DEmiRNAs interacted with 55 DEmRNAs were involved in the ceRNA network. These DEmRNAs were found to be related to cancer-related pathways, such as signaling pathways that regulate stem cell pluripotency, TGF-β signaling pathways, and protein digestion and absorption. Knockout of AFAP1-AS1 inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration. AFAP1-AS1 promotes apoptosis.
Conclusions

In this study, we constructed a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network which may help further research on the mechanism of LUAD. In addition, we identified AFAP1-AS1 as an oncogenic lncRNA in LUAD.
Pulmonary Function, Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: Secondary Data Analysis, Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2018
Authors: Lee Kyeongbong , Lee GyuChang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

COPD Patients may experience reduced physical activity and quality of life due to decreased pulmonary function. The purpose of this study is to analysis the level of pulmonary function, physical activity, and quality of life of COPD in South Korea.
Methods

This study collected the published data of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2015-2018. Out of a total of 31,648 COPD patients, the data of 121 patients were analyzed. For the pulmonary function, the data of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV6, and peak expiratory flow were collected. Physical activity was identified as frequency and duration of high/medium intensity, walking days, and strengthening exercise per week. For the quality of life (QoL), EQ-5D-3L were collected, and the frequency and index of the Korean version were collected.
Results

In the health-related characteristics, the prevalence of hypertension and asthma in COPD was relatively higher compared to other diseases. In pulmonary function, the predicted FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratios were lower than age and weighted matched normal values. COPD showed to perform very low levels of high/medium physical activity and sitting time was confirmed to be more than 8 hours a day. In QoL, it was found that the highest reporting rate of some problems was the “pain and discomfort”.
Conclusion

It was confirmed that COPD showed lower predicted FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratios than age and weight-matched normal pulmonary function. Also, they had lowered physical activities and longer sitting time per day.
Brucellosis in camel and human: Seroprevalence and associated risk factors in Amibara district of Afar region, Ethiopia
Authors: Gutema Fekadu , Amenu Prof Kebede , Chalchisa Adugna , Mamo Prof Gezahegn 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is an important neglected zoonotic disease caused by infection with bacteria of the genus Brucella affecting different mammalian species including man. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in camels and human and its associated risk factors in Amibara district of Afar region, North east Ethiopia from October 2019 to May 2020Result: A total of 250 camel and 120 human sera were serially tested using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), and Complement Fixation Test (CFT). The overall seroprevalence of camel brucellosis in the current study was 7.6% (95% CI: 4.9-11.56) using RBPT and 3.2% (95% CI: 1.63-6.2) by combined RBPT and CFT. In Human twelve (10%) of the collected sera were positive by RBPT among which only four of them (3.33%) were positive by CFT. The risk factors analysis indicated that, age, body condition, number of parity and abortion history were significantly associated with brucella seropositivity in camel(P≤0.05). In human, occupation and non-protective handling of dystocia cases showed apparent association with brucella seropositivity.Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that, brucellosis is a common health problem in camel and human in Amibara district of Afar region. The public health importance of this disease is associated with raw milk consumption and close contact with the animals having history of recent abortion. Therefore, controlling the risk factors, establishing brucella diagnostic service in human clinics and hospitals, continuous social training with feedback assessments and overall implementing of One Health approach framework to attain optimal health for people and domestic animals in area are recommended to safeguard the health of society.
Textile Monopole Sensors for Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Elsheakh Dalia Mohamed N M K , Alsherif Soha A. , Eldamak Angie R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper investigate different available breast cancer imaging methods, particularly microwave imaging techniques (MI). The building block of a radar-based microwave imaging system using a flexible antenna element that could be integrated in a clothing item. It could be accessible to women everywhere easily and at an affordable price which will help them with early breast cancer detection. Two different flexible monopole antennas on a cotton substrate are designed for radar-based microwave imaging. The ultra-wideband (UWB) fully textile sensor shaped as rectangular and circular monopole antenna for breast cancer detection (BCD) are designed. The antenna operates at impedance bandwidth \(\le\)-10dB in the operating band extend from 2.5 to 9 GHz with an overall footprint of 50 × 50 mm2. Simulated detection and bending capacity then proceeded to fabricate a breast phantom and a tumor sample with parameters that mimic these of the human breast’s healthy and malignant tissue. Measurements highly match with the simulation results as well as the performance of antenna before and after subjected to washing is measured and compared. Moreover, simulations of antenna in proximity to breast model with and without tumor are also conducted. Finally the specific absorption rate (SAR) is also calculated to insure that the developed textile sensor is safe to be deployed on-body. The proposed work demonstrates the potential to develop wearable microwave imaging system using fully textile antennas.
PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signalling Inhibitor Chrysophanol Ameliorates Neurobehavioural and Neurochemical Defects in Propionic Acid-induced Experimental Model of Autism in Adult Rats
Authors: Sharma Aarti , Bhalla Sonalika , Mehan Sidharth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder marked by social and communication deficits as well as repetitive behaviour. Several studies have found that overactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathways during brain development plays a significant role in autism pathogenesis. Overexpression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway causes neurological disorders by increasing cell death, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Chrysophanol, also known as chrysophanic acid, is a naturally occurring chemical obtained from the plant Rheum palmatum. This study aimed to examine the neuroprotective effect of CPH on neurobehavioral, molecular, neurochemical, and gross pathological alterations in ICV-PPA induced experimental model of autism in adult rats. The effects of ICV-PPA on PI3K/AKT/mTOR downregulation in the brain were studied in autism-like rats. Furthermore, we investigated how CPH affected myelin basic protein (MBP) levels in rat brain homogenate and apoptotic biomarkers such as caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 levels in rat brain homogenate and blood plasma samples. Rats were tested for behavioural abnormalities such as neuromuscular dysfunction using an actophotometer, motor coordination using a beam crossing task (BCT), depressive behaviour using a forced swim test (FST), cognitive deficiency, and memory consolidation using a Morris water maze (MWM) task. In PPA-treated rats, prolonged oral CPH administration from day 12 to day 44 of the experimental schedule reduces autistic-like symptoms. Furthermore, in rat brain homogenates, blood plasma, and CSF samples, cellular, molecular, and cell death markers, neuroinflammatory cytokines, neurotransmitter levels, and oxidative stress indicators were investigated. The recent findings imply that CPH also restores abnormal neurochemical levels and may prevent autism-like gross pathological alterations, such as demyelination volume, in the rat brain.
Trial Control of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Isolated From Broiler Chicken Using Iron Oxide Chitosan Nanocomposite
Authors: Nasef Soad A. , Ayoub Mervat A. , Selim Karim M. , elmasry Dalia M. A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A severe outbreak of Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) recorded in (30) chicken flocks at different districts in Sharqia Governorate during 2019 that showed high mortalities (30%) and severe immunosuppression. Attempts to control (IBD) by antiviral iron oxide chitosan nanocomposite (characterized nano-size 35.1±5 nm with a stable state, zeta potentials16.8 ± 10.9, the PDI. 0.91 and iron concentration in nanocomposite is 2625 mg/L,).Eighty Baladi broiler chicks at the age of 21 days were divided into 4 groups. Group A (as the negative control group), group B (as the positive control group), group C (as the nanocomposite treatment group), and group D (only received nanocomposite). The used treatment was iron oxide chitosan nanocomposite with the concentration of (1 mg/ 100ml) IC50 orally administered for 3 days post infection.The virus shedding showed marked significant decrease (P<0.05) in group C compared to group B was 0.5 to 1 log 10 compared to group B was 3 to 6.4 log 10.Histopathological lesions of bursa, spleen, thymus, liver, and kidney in group C after 6 days PI showed hyper activity of lymphoid population compared to chicks infected group which revealed necrosis and depletion of lymphoid elements of the bursa, thymus, and spleen with blood vessels had marked congestion and hemorrhages in parenchyma.Base on this study, iron oxide chitosan nanocomposite showed an antiviral activity that could significantly reduce viral shedding, and could decrease pathological changes in lymphoid organs which is considered to be better protection for solving health problems in infected chicks.
Structure and dynamics of pathway activation by the Toll immunoreceptor from the viral mosquito vector Aedes aegypti
Authors: Gangloff Monique , Saucereau Yoann , Wilson Thomas , Tang Matthew , Moncrieffe Martin , Hardwick Steven , Chirgadze Dimitri , Soares Sandro , Marcaida Maria , Gay Nicholas J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A. aegypti has evolved to become an efficient vector for arboviruses such as Dengue but the mechanisms of host-pathogen immune tolerance are unknown. Toll receptors and Spaetzle (Spz) ligands have undergone duplication raising the possibility of neofunctionalization and mutualism to develop between arboviruses and mosquitoes. Here we present cryo-EM structures and biophysical characterisation of low affinity Toll5A-Spz1C complexes that display transient but specific interactions. Binding of the first ligand alters receptor-receptor interactions and promotes asymmetric contacts in the vicinity of the Z-loop in Toll5A. This conformation then restricts binding of a second ligand, while temporarily bridging the C-termini that promote signalling. Increased receptor concentrations promote inactivating head-to-head receptor assemblies. Furthermore, the transcriptional signature of Spz1C differs from other Spz cytokines in the control of genes involved in innate immunity, lipid metabolism and tissue regeneration. Given the remarkable DENV-induced expression patterns of these proteins, our data rationalises how Spz1C upregulation might promote antimicrobial defence in the midgut, and Toll5A upregulation, viral tolerance in the salivary glands.
Comparison of Different Methods For Effective Manual Chest Compression In Dental Chairs, During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): A Manikin Study
Authors: Hitosugi Takashi , Awata Norimasa , Miki Yoichiro , Tsukamoto Masanori , Yokoyama Takeshi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), almost commercially dental chairs lack sufficient stability to perform effective manual chest compression (MCC). In our previous study, our technique that stabilizing stool can significantly reduce vertical displacement in a dental chair’s backrest. This study demonstrates that the efficacy of different methods for stabilizing 3 types of dental chair with a flat or a severely curved backrest exterior for effective MCC. Vertical displacement of the dental chair’s backrest was recorded. The data was captured with three different stool positions (no stool, under MCC, under shoulders). Reduction ratios were calculated to evaluate the effectiveness of the stool positions. In all types of dental chair, the technique significantly reduced the vertical displacements of the backrest. The reduction ratio varied nearly 40% under the area for MCC and 65% under the shoulder with a severely curved backrest exterior. With a flat shape of dental chair, these ratios were around 90% versus without a stool. The technique is a firm support and reduce the displacement of any type of dental chair’s backrest for effective MCC.
Neflamapimod Induces Vasodilation in Resistance Mesenteric Arteries by Inhibiting p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Alpha (MAPKα) and Heat-Shock Protein 27 (Hsp27) Phosphorylation
Authors: Pandey Ajay K. , Zerin Farzana , Menon Sreelakshmi N. , Nguyen Khue P. , Vo Tran , Daniel Morgan L. , Hafez Sherif , Alam Md. Ashraful , Hasan Raquibul 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Neflamapimod, a selective inhibitor of p38 MAPKα, is under clinical investigation for its efficacy in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). Here, we investigated if neflamapimod-mediated acute inhibition of p38 MAPKα could induce vasodilation in resistance-size rat mesenteric arteries. Our pressure myography data demonstrated that neflamapimod produced a dose-dependent vasodilation in mesenteric arteries. Our Western blotting data revealed that acute neflamapimod treatment significantly reduced the phosphorylation of p38 MAPKα and its downstream target heat-shock protein 27 (Hsp27) that is involved in cytoskeletal reorganization and smooth muscle contraction. Likewise, non-selective inhibition of p38 MAPK by SB203580 attenuated p38 MAPKα and Hsp27 phosphorylation, and induced vasodilation. Endothelium denudation or pharmacological inhibition of endothelium-derived vasodilators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin (PGI2) had no effect on such vasodilation. Neflamapimod-evoked vasorelaxation remained unaltered by the inhibition of smooth muscle cell K+ channels. Altogether, our data for the first time demonstrates that in resistance mesenteric arteries, neflamapimod inhibits p38 MAPKα and phosphorylation of its downstream actin-associated protein Hsp27, leading to vasodilation. This novel finding may be clinically significant and is likely to improve systemic blood pressure and cognitive deficits in AD and DLB patients for which neflamapimod is being investigated.
Relationship Between Sedentary Behavior and Depression Among Japanese Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Cross-sectional Online Survey
Authors: Tashiro Tsubasa , Maeda Noriaki , Tsutsumi Shogo , Komiya Makoto , Arima Satoshi , Mizuta Rami , Fukui Kazuki , Nishikawa Yuichi , Urabe Yukio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Sedentary behavior, particularly prevalent during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has been shown to lead to depression. In medical students, this could negatively affect the provision of healthcare. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between sedentary behavior and depression in Japanese medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from July 30 to August 30, 2021, using anonymous questionnaire system to assess respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity, sedentary behavior among 1000 Japanese university students. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). The data of 484 respondents (48.4%) were included in a stepwise analysis, where we set the difference between medical and non-medical students as Model 1 and that between medical students with and without depression as Model 2.Results: In Model 1, medical students were less physically active (p<0.001), had longer sedentary time (p<0.001), and had higher PHQ-2 scores (p=0.048) than non-medical students. Moreover, Model 2 showed that longer sedentary time (OR=1.001, p=0.036) and screen time for leisure (OR=1.003, p=0.002) were associated with depression among medical students.Conclusions: Based on these results, it is evident that reducing Japanese medical students’ sedentary time and leisure screen time can help combat depression during COVID-19 pandemic; thus, these results can guide the development of appropriate interventions to prevent and treat depression.
Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of Chitosan and DOPO with Different Mass Ratios in Epoxy Resin
Authors: Wang Junjie , Wang Xinyu , Zhou Chenyu , Pan Zhiquan , Zhou Hong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This work focused on the effects of chitosan (CS) and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) on the flammable propertied of epoxy resin matrix. The EP composites were fabricated by direct mixing method through a general curing method. The influence of CS, DOPO and CS / DOPO on the resin was investigated through cone calorimetry tests (CC), UL-94 vertical burning, limiting oxygen index (LOI), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer-Fourier infrared combined system (TG-FTIR). The char residues of modified EPs after CC tests were investigated by FTIR, EDX and XPS. Under the 10% addition of CS / DOPO in EP, with the mass ratio of CS and DOPO of 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 2 : 1 and 3 : 1, the flame retardancy properties of EPs all increased, but only if EP/10% CS1/DOPO2 and EP/10% CS2/DOPO1 achieved a V-0 rating and their values of LOI were 33.7% and 32.5%, respectively. Compared with EP, the peak heat release rate, peak smoke produce rate and total heat release of EP/10% CS1/DOPO2 and EP/10% CS2/DOPO1 decreased, especially, total smoke release decreased by 61.9% and 71.0%, the char residuals amount increased by 84.3% and 41.6%, and the average CO2 yield decreased by 55.4% and 55.0%, respectively. It is worth nothing that the mechanical properties increased, especially the flexural strength increased by 36.0% and 38.4%, respectively. The results indicated that DOPO and CS had important synergistic effects for simultaneous increase both the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of EP composites.
Comprehensive Analysis of Plastid Gene Expression During Fruit Development and Ripening of Kiwifruit
Authors: Chen Qiqi , Shen Pan , Bock Ralph , Li Shengchun , Zhang Jiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A serious limitation in the application of plastid biotechnology is the low-level expression of transgene in non-green plastids like chromoplasts compared with photosynthetically active chloroplasts. Unlike other fruits, not all chloroplasts are transformed into chromoplast during ripening of red-fleshed kiwifruit ( Actinidia chinensis vs Hongyang) fruits, which may make kiwifruit as an ideal horticultural plant for oral vaccine production by plastid engineering. To identify cis -elements potentially triggering high-level transgene expression in edible tissues of the ‘Hongyang’ kiwifruit, here we report a comprehensive analysis of kiwifruit plastid gene transcription in the green leaves and fruits at three different developing stages. While transcripts of a few photosynthesis-related genes and most genetic system genes were substantially upregulated in green fruits compared with leaves, nearly all plastid genes were significantly downregulated at the RNA level during fruit development. Expression of a few genes remained unchanged, including psbA , the gene encoding the D1 polypeptide of photosystem II. However, PsbA protein accumulation decreased continuously during chloroplast-to-chromoplast differentiation. Analysis of post-transcriptional steps in mRNA maturation, including intron splicing and RNA editing, revealed that splicing and editing may contribute to regulating plastid gene expression. Altogether, 40 RNA editing sites were verified, and five of them were newly discovered. Taken together, this study has generated a valuable resource for the analysis of plastid gene expression, and provides cis -elements for future efforts to engineer the plastid genome of kiwifruit.
The Experiences of Family Caregivers in Response to a Dementia Diagnosis Disclosure
Authors: Chen Miao-Chuan , Lin Hung-Ru 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Dementia is a serious disease that can lead to disability because it impacts the individual’s memory, cognition, behavior, and capacity to perform activities of daily living. While most people prefer to receive a full diagnostic disclosure, the actual care requirements of family caregivers, based on their perspectives, are often unknown. The primary aim of this study was to explore the experiences of family caregivers in response to a dementia diagnosis disclosure and analyze the care needs of caregivers.Methods: A qualitative study conducted in accordance with COREQ guidelines. The grounded theory approach was undertaken in 20 family caregivers of patients with dementia, who were selected using purposive sampling. Data were analysed using the constant comparative method.Results: Diagnostic disclosure: Start the long road of care challenges was identified as the core category of this study, which was defined as describing the experiences of family caregivers of patients with dementia after first being informed of the patients’ diagnosis, which activates their willpower to progress against the disease. Five major categories describing the experiences of family caregivers following a dementia diagnosis was developed: ‘deciding to seek medical attention,’ ‘the moment of disclosure,’ ‘conveying information,’ ‘maintaining the patients’ functioning,’ and ‘receiving support and living well with dementia.’ Subcategories within each major category also emerged.Conclusions: Clear diagnostic disclosure is important for ensuring that positive developments can occur in response to disclosure. Healthcare professionals must develop strategies to prevent disclosure from triggering overreactive emotions from patients with cognitive impairments, assist them in understanding their illness in a tactful manner, and ensure that they understand how to cooperate in any subsequent care plans.