bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leisure Time & Risk Sexual Behaviour - Croatian adolescents’ perspective
Authors: Belošević M , Ferić M , Mitrić I 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

The project ‘Quality of leisure time as a protective factor for the development of behavioural problems' aims to investigate the influence of structured leisure time on mitigating adolescents' involvement in risk behaviours. Leisure can be a powerful context for positive youth development, but it can also be a context for youth engagement in risk behaviours. Therefore, the research question is: How does participation in structured leisure time activities influence risk sexual behaviour from the perspective of Croatian high school students? The sample consists of a total population of high school students from one county in Croatia (2,977 students, from 9 high schools). The age of the participants ranged from 14 to 20 years (51% female). The following questionnaires were used: (1) Adolescent Leisure Time Questionnaire; (2) Youth Experience Survey; (3) Risk Sexual Behaviour of Adolescents Questionnaire. Preliminary data show that 57% of adolescents currently participate in structured leisure activities. Before the pandemic COVID 19, 23% of adolescents participated in structured leisure activities twice a week, while during the pandemic COVID 19, only 15% did. Moreover, 35% of adolescents did not participate in structured leisure activities during the pandemic because they were anxious. Regarding risk sexual behaviours, 29% of adolescents had sexual intercourse, and of those 16% reported having experienced it before the age of 14. Unprotected sexual intercourse in the past 6 months under the influence of alcohol was reported by 15%, and under the influence of cannabis by 6% of adolescents. In presenting this work, the influence of structured leisure time activities on adolescents' risk sexual behaviour will be emphasized. The broader perspective and understanding of adolescents' leisure time and how it influences adolescent's behaviour and/or developmental outcomes is important for planning evidence-based strategies and interventions in the field of prevention science.

Key messages
The findings of this study can be an important resource for evidence-based intervention planning aimed at promoting positive youth development/prevention of youth risk behaviours. It is important to focus on creating opportunities in the community for quality leisure time use and educating key stakeholders about the importance of investing in quality leisure for youth.
Development and validation of an Italian version of the PMOS-30 questionnaire at hospital level
Authors: Schiavone S , Cioffi A , Magrelli J , Attena F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
An important challenge for health systems worldwide is to ensure that health professionals can carry out their mission to treat, rehabilitate and prevent diseases safely. The Patient Measure of Safety (PMOS) questionnaire is an instrument that allows the systematic collection of patients' feedback about their care to understand and assess the level of safety in hospital. The PMOS-30 questionnaire was recently developed as shorter version of the 44-item PMOS. The objectives of this study are to develop and validate an Italian version of the PMOS-30 questionnaire so that this instrument can be utilised in hospital routine for the continuous improvement of patient safety.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out on patients in a hospital in Italy. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted after the development of an Italian version of the PMOS-30 questionnaire. Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation was used to perform CFA. The quality of the model fit was evaluated on the basis of the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker Lewis Index (TLI) and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA).

Results
A total of 435 patients filled in the Italian version of the PMOS-30 questionnaire. The CFI did not achieve the fit value (CFI= 0.802). But RMSEA suggests a reasonably good fit value (RMSEA=0.076). Internal consistency analysis showed that the Cronbach's alpha value was more than 0.6 in all domains except for the domain “organisation and care planning” that had a value of 0.525.

Conclusions
Patients feedback about their safety in hospital is an important source of information for the routine hospital life. Since patient safety is an intrinsic part of patient care, it deserves every possible new approach in the continuous improvement of care. The PMOS-30 questionnaire is a validated instrument for hospital settings and future research in other Italian hospitals may increase the routine use of this instrument to improve patient safety.

Key messages
The use of the Italian version of the PMOS-30 questionnaire can support the identification of vulnerable areas in the hospital through patient feedback and therefore improve patient safety. The PMOS-30 questionnaire offers the opportunity to enable Italian hospital managers to track changes in safety over time through repeated assessments in the wards and avoid future patient incidents.
Health promotion research in the Nordic countries - a scoping review of PhD dissertations 2008-2018
Authors: Eriksson C , Andersen H M , Eriksson A , Johannessen A , Simonsen N , Thualagant N , Torp S , Haglund B J A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The Nordic countries are welfare states that also have been claimed to be in the forefront in developing health promotion, in relation to theory, research, policy and practice. This scoping review was performed by members of the Nordic Health Promotion Research Network with the objectives to collect and identify the scope and theoretical basis of doctoral (PhD) dissertations on health promotion in a Nordic context.

Methods
Searches for dissertations, published 2008-2018, were performed in several databases in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Those labelled “health promotion” present in titles, abstract or key words were included in the scoping review. Data was extracted based on a common template including title, aims, university, individual-national level, setting, type of study and collaboration.

Results
The search strategy had to be modified to include manual searches at university sites as no national data base was available. In total, 353 health promotion dissertations had been published at 41 different universities. Most dissertations were Swedish (193), while 56 came from Denmark, 53 from Norway and 51 from Finland, but non from Iceland. The main content was lifestyle (28%), mental or psychosocial health (14%), critical health promotion (8%), empowerment (7%) or refugee and immigrants (5%). The most common approach was settings (31%), including health care setting (14%), followed by societal (28%) and individual (28%) approaches. Mixed methods approach was most common research method (45%) followed by quantitative (32%) and qualitative methods (23%). Large country variations were seen in the health promotion.

Conclusions
Health promotion research in the Nordic countries can be characterised by focusing on lifestyle, settings approach, and primarily using a mixed methods approach. However, there are large variations between different health promotion PhDs, also including dissertations on critical health promotion and empowerment.

Key messages
Analysis of PhD dissertations can contribute to more comprehensive insight in disciplinary development. The research training will have implications for the future public health workforce. The Nordic collaboration enabled an extensive scoping review of PhD dissertations on health promotion research in the Nordic countries and shows what has characterized the field of research.
Improving provider, patient and health systems outcomes: a qualitative analysis of Project ECHO
Authors: Jenkins C , Diffin J , McTernaghan T , Watson M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) is an internationally recognised tele-mentoring intervention that has been implemented in over 40 countries. The model connects specialist healthcare providers (hubs) with providers in primary and community practice (spokes), often in rural and isolated areas.

Objectives
Project ECHO aims to improve healthcare provider's skills, confidence and knowledge, and to create a community of practitioners using the hub and spoke model. Analysing interview data from 27 Project ECHO network leads and participants in Northern Ireland, this study sought to assess the impact of Project ECHO on improving provider, patient and health system outcomes.

Results
Having access to a specialist, a space to share experiences, and being able to disseminate up-to-date best practice were all cited as improving provider knowledge. Providers described improved outcomes for patients such as receiving a new treatment or an efficient referral. Providers reported being more confident in managing patients and thus were less likely to refer unnecessarily, and links between providers at primary and secondary levels being improved. ECHO was deemed an acceptable methodology in terms of format and in improving access to education and training by removing geographic barriers and reducing time barriers.

Conclusions
This is one of the first studies to qualitatively analyse outcomes across a number of different ECHO networks, and involving both health and social care networks. The results indicate the benefit of ECHO in improving provider, patient and healthcare outcomes. This has implications for future resourcing decisions, particularly within the context of COVID-19 in which virtual and online training is necessitated by social distancing requirements. This study has implications for wider international contexts in which ECHO may be piloted to address similar challenges.

Key messages
Participants across our study described Project ECHO as having a positive impact on provider, patient and health systems outcomes. Project ECHO was described as an acceptable approach to training and education that improved access through removing geographic barriers.
Usability and applicability of research knowledge translation models in a national health service
Authors: Minnogue V , Morrissey M , Matvienko-Sikar K , Gorman G , Terres A , Hayes CB 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The Health Service Executive in Ireland aims to facilitate the translation of research and innovation into policy and practice and increase dissemination of research. Previous HSE surveys showed that a high volume of research was undertaken but the impact on practice and policy was unclear. Researchers reported sharing their research in publications, conferences, and through education and training but identified problems in engaging with practice and policy stakeholders. Survey respondents requested help with dissemination and getting research into practice. An organisation-wide project to identify frameworks to support knowledge translation (KT), dissemination, and impact identified a recommended methodology, created guidance, and training for knowledge creators and users.

Objectives
Provide a series of six guides, tools and templates, to support knowledge creators and users across the organisation Provide online training to support translation and dissemination of research knowledge Underline the importance of planning KT and impact at research commencement and identify the planned outcomes Develop user-friendly training to explain the elements of KT and dissemination.

Results
Two pilot studies were undertaken to test the guidance which, although positively received, resulted in changes to the format, design, and language to increase useability. An explainer video and six online training modules were developed, based on the guidance and pilot feedback to be rolled out from July 2021. Learning was enhanced through transfer of complex information and models into short training modules to be accessed by researchers with a range of experience and understanding.

Conclusions
KT is a complex area and developing education and training for it requires understanding the different learning needs of knowledge creators and users. Education and training should focus on the need for KT and impact from the start of a project.

Key messages
Practical guidance to assist researchers in translation of their research findings into practice and improving dissemination enhances service user impact. Education and training should focus on the need to plan for KT from the start of a project.
Evidence-based practice among health students: attitudes, knowledge, skills and perceived barriers
Authors: Bannour R , Tarchoun S , Dhouib W , Ben cheikh A , Bhiri S , Ghali H , Tlilli MA , khefacha S , Said Latiri H , Ben Rejeb M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a worldwide approach in optimizing quality of healthcare. As healthcare providers are increasingly more involved in clinical decision making, it is becoming important for them to use the best evidence to make effective and justifiable decisions. EBP is an important competency of undergraduate healthcare students that remains little known among Tunisian future healthcare professionals. This study aimed to describe health sciences students' attitudes. Knowledge and skills in EBP; to determine factors associated with these competencies and to identify perceived barriers regarding EBP.

Materials and Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Higher School of Health Sciences and Techniques of Sousse among 365 health sciences students enrolled during the second semester of the academic year 2017-2018. Data was collected using a self administrated questionnaire including a validated EBP-COQ questionnaire and focusing on identifying the perceived barriers to the usage of EBP.

Results
The response rate was 93.11%. Approximately, 61.6% of students were familiar with the term ‘EBP'. The overall score of EBP-COQ questionnaire was 3.26 ±0.53 out of 5. The mean scores of attitude, skills and knowledge subscales were 4.04 ±0.41; 3.05 ±0.77 and 2.70 ±0.74 respectively. A significant statistical association was found between the competencies in EBP and age; gender, academic degree, year of study for license degree, students' English-language reading skills, students' education in research methodology and statistics (p &lt; 10-3). The top reported barriers hindering their adoption of EBP were: lack of training in EBP, difficulty in obtaining full-text papers and lack of time.

Conclusions
The strategic position of healthcare students may influence the adoption of EBP. It is necessary to understand students' attitudes, knowledge and skills in the subject to be able to develop effective strategies for EBP curricula.

Key messages
Evidence-based practice is a worldwide approach in optimizing quality of healthcare. It is necessary to understand students' attitudes, knowledge and skills to develop effective learning strategies.
Infectious diseases other than Covid-19 in 2020, a report from Lombardy Region
Authors: Maffeo M , Mazziotta F , Pierini E , Della Valle PG , Gramegna M , Tirani M , Crottogini L , Odone A , Castaldi S , Cereda D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Non pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) put in place to reduce the spread of Sars-Cov-2 had an impact also on other infections. Aim of this research is to describe the incidence of other infections and vaccination coverage rate (VCR) in Lombardy region from 2018 to 2020.

Methods
We analysed data coming from the regional surveillance system of notifiable infectious diseases and vaccination registry from 2018 to 2020.

Results
13206 infectious diseases' cases were notified in 2020 compared to 36847 in 2019 and 42610 in 2018, this corresponding to, respectively, a 64.1% and 69% decrease. Some interesting data:
measles; 24 cases in 2020, 542 in 2019 and 220 in 2018, with an incidence rate (IR) per 100.000 respectively of 0,2; 5,4 and 2,2; chicken pox; 2357 cases in 2020, 13478 in 2019 and 19463 in 2018 (IR 23,5; 134,3; 193,9) tubercolosis; 586 in 2020, 857 in 2019 and 945 in 2018 (IR 5,8; 8,6; 9,4) invasive bacterial diseases; 378 in 2020, 890 in 2019 and 882 in 2018 (IR 3,7;8,8;8,7) infectious diarrhea; 2080 in 2020, 3716 in 2019 and 4347 in 2018 (IR 20,7; 37,1; 43,3) legionellosis cases; 806 in 2020, 1051 in 2019 and 1096 in 2018 (IR 8; 10,5; 10,9) arbovirus infections (chikunguya, dengue, west nile, zika) were 118, in 2020, 126 in 2019 and 8 in 2018 (IC 1,2; 1,3; 0,1)
In 2020 VCR at 24 months of age remained above 95% for hexavalent and measles-mumps-rubella vaccination while there was a decline for others vaccines.

Conclusions
During the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 there was a decline in all notified infectious diseases compared to the previous years, likely due to massive NPIs adoption, as well as, possibly, to decreased access to care and preventive services that caused difficulties to the surveillance system to detect notifiable infectious diseases. VCRs were still high for most important vaccines while there was a decline for other vaccines as evidence of the impact of the pandemic on vaccination activities.

Key messages
NPIs had a deep impact on the reduction of airborne diseases. The decline for non-airborne infections is likely due to NPIs and limitations in the access to the healthcare system.
Speech disorders in preschool children in Republic of North Macedonia – cross sectional study
Authors: Grigorova E , Ristovska G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Speech communication is a complex process based on the function of the central nervous system, and also on speech mechanisms conditioned and controlled by auditory perception, verbal memory, intellectual activity and peripheral speech apparatus. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the most common phonological articulation disorders in preschool children, from 4-6 years old.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2018 year on a representative sample of 550 preschool children aged 4 - 6 years, who attend preschool institutions-kindergartens in the city of Skopje. The study used standardized articulation tests: the Global Articulation Test (GAT) and the Triple Test (vocals, plasia, africative, fricative, nasal, and lateral), and a questionnaire filled out by a social worker at the kindergarten for socioeconomic status and the child's health condition.

Results
Using GAT, we found that 260 (47.3%) children didn't have a phonological articulation disorders, and 290 (52.7%) had disorders. The analysis of gender-based data showed a higher percentage of speech disorders in 57% of boys and 46.9% of girls. The highest percentage of speech disorder is sigmatism with 24.5% in boys and 20.4% in girls, rhotachism was found in 17.8% in boys and 16.5% in girls. Lambdacism with 8.3% was found in boys and 4.2% in girls. A mixed form (sigmatism, rotacism, and lambdacism) was also found in 2.4% of boys and 3.5% of girls.

Conclusions
The prevalence of phonological articulation disorders in preschool children is 52.7%, 57.9% in boys and 46.9% in girls, or every second child in kindergarden at age 4-6 years has speech disorder. These findings indicate that the treatment of speech disorders should be started in appropriate services as soon as possible, because early detection and treatment of speech disorders enable to child normal intellectual development.

Key messages
Speech disorders are important public health issue because these children will require in some cases emotional and behavioral support, not only speech-related intervention. The treatment of speech disorders should be started in appropriate services because early detection and treatment of speech disorders gives the child more confidence to build his intellect.
Willingness to reprimand smoking among pregnant women
Authors: Klimiuk K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Even though smoking can cause numerous threats to the developing foetus, it is nevertheless the most common addiction in Polish women of reproductive age. Pregnant women feel an intense conflict when someone smokes in their surroundings and little research has been done to assess the relations and support in an exclusive group of pregnant women. Most studies undertake to examine the subject using focus methodology of opposing second-hand smoking or creating tools to reprimand pregnant women more effectively. The aim of our study was to determine the profile of a pregnant woman who is willing to oppose smoking of another pregnant woman.

Methods
The survey was shared on Polish websites for expecting parents with a request for completion that was addressed at pregnant women, regardless of pregnancy trimester, Study was conducted from November 2016 to April 2017. Participants: Complete questionnaires were collected from 11,448 pregnant women. The cross-cutting research was conducted using an original questionnaire. A computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI) was used to reach the respondents. The snowball sampling method was used to collect the questionnaires. The logistic regression model was used to determine the probability.

Results
Predictors of drawing other pregnant women attention to the fact that smoking is harmful were: mental work (OR1,1136) and study (OR1,363), involvement of the child's father (OR1,377), contact with social campaigns (OR1,150) and knowledge about the consequences of smoking, as well as talking to the midwife about the harmfulness of cigarettes during pregnancy (OR1,655).

Conclusions
Interpersonal relationships leave scope for public health interventions. It is worth enhancing criticism against smoking by specialists through information and education campaigns.

Key messages
The conducted research shows that actions aimed at raising awareness of the harmfulness of smoking in pregnancy have a positive effect. Interpersonal relationships leave scope for public health interventions.