bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Microperimetry in Observation and Treatment in Patients with Macular Holes
Authors: Zotov A. S. , Balalin A. S. , Balalin S. V. , Marukhnenko A. M. , Efremova T. G. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: to assess the role of microperimetry in dynamic observation and treatment of patients with macular holes.Patients and Methods. Retrospective study of the microinvasive vitrectomy results using 25G or 27G technologies in 29 patients (29 eyes) with idiopathic macular holes (IMH). The examination included the determination of the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), tonometry, perimetry, ultrasound biometry, optical coherence tomography, fundus photography, microperimetry.Results. After surgical treatment all patients have shown a significant improvement in BCVA and retinal photosensitivity (p < 0.05). A formula was derived for the dependence of BCVA after treatment on the initial retinal photosensitivity and the minimum IMH size, which can be applied to predict the results of surgical treatment.Conclusion. Microperimetry is a modern non-invasive examination method that allows with a higher density and resolution to localize central defects of the visual field and to carry out thorough monitoring before and after surgical treatment. The study of the retinal photosensitivity in the macular region and the minimum IMH size before treatment allow to predict BCVA in the postoperative period.
Compósito de resíduos de mineração com cimento e cal para materiais de construção sustentáveis
Authors: Ramos Filho Ricardo Eugênio Barbosa , De Souza Jônatas Macêdo , Duarte João Batista , Da Silva Vamberto Monteiro , Acchar Wilson 
Published: April 2021

<p> <span class="fontstyle0">Sustainable alternatives have been developed with the use of waste in construction, among which we can highlight mining waste due to its large amount generated and environmental impact caused. This work consists in the joint application of scheelite residue and stone powder with lime and cement addition, producing cylindrical specimens, to evaluate possible uses in constructive materials. After chemical and physical characterization, the percentage of each residue was determined through the analysis of packing between the particles, which resulted in a formulation of 50% of each residue with the addition of cement and / or lime in the contents of 6% and 12%. Essays for simple compressive strength (SCS), water absorption (WA) and chemical phase analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were evaluated at determined cure times. The SCS essays results of formulations with residues and cement reached values above 1 MPa and WA essays results with value below 20%, according to the Brazilian technical standards. Cement phases were observed in SEM and XRD analysis. The results obtained from mixing the waste with the cement are promising for the manufacture of cement building materials.</span> <br /><br /></p>
O viver de pessoas com deficiência: uma análise qualitativa entre os requerentes do Benefício de Prestação Continuada
Authors: KOHATSU GIOVANNA LYKA , GARCIA LUCAS FRANÇA , YAMAGUCHI MIRIAN UEDA , MASSUDA ELY MITIE 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a percepção e conhecimento das pessoas com deficiência a respeito do Benefício da Prestação Continuada (BPC) e aspectos associados às suas vidas e ao viver, antes e depois da deficiência. Materiais e métodos: estudo exploratório, abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com questões sobre seus pontos de vista quanto ao BPC, sua deficiência e suas vidas como pessoa com deficiência, além de questões socioeconômicas. Os participantes foram selecionados entre os requerentes do Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC), pessoas com deficiência 16 anos ou mais. Resultados: observam-se nos discursos dos entrevistados, dificuldades de compreensão do processo de solicitação, tramitação e de indeferimento do BPC. Aos que recebem o benefício, a percepção é a de que o benefício contribui para a redução da dependência de terceiros. Em suas compreensões, a deficiência afetou o convívio social, acesso ao mercado de trabalho, observando-se a presença de sentimento de inutilidade por conta das limitações impostas pela deficiência, sendo o suporte social importante fonte de apoio. Conclusão: as condições de vida precárias para a maior parte dessa população, a exclusão social, principalmente do mercado de trabalho e o sofrimento ocorrido devido aos preconceitos, coloca-os em situação de vulnerabilidade social.
The enhancement of type 1 collagen expression after 10% propolis-carbonated hydroxyapatite application in periodontitis-induced rabbits
Authors: Kusumawati Indi , Suryono S. , Syaify Ahmad 
Published: April 2021

Background: Alveolar bone defects caused by periodontitis may require regenerative therapy to restore bone structure. Propolis possesses antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can stimulate bone regeneration. Propolis-carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) material was applied during open flap debridement (OFD) in periodontitis therapy. Purpose: To analyse the effect of the application of 10% propolis-CHA after OFD on type 1 collagen expression on periodontitis-induced rabbits. Methods: Six male rabbits, aged 5–8 months, weight 1500–2000 grams, were ligated with wire and injected with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for six weeks to induce periodontitis. The samples were divided into three groups: group A (OFD only), group B (OFD+CHA) and group C (OFD+10% propolis-CHA). To acquire 10% propolis-CHA, the CHA block was cut into 10mg and then immersed in 1ml of 10% propolis solution for 24 hours at room temperature. Decapitation was performed on the seventh and 14th day after OFD was performed on each group and microscopic slides were prepared for type 1 collagen examination. The data was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with a 95% confidence interval followed by a post hoc LSD test. Results: The type 1 collagen expression in group C (61.36±1.88 on day seven and 70.25±3.89 on day 14) was significantly different from group A (42.91±1.78 on day seven and 45.18±2.48 on day 14) and group B (43.91±5.31 on day seven and 59.63±3.27 on day 14) on both the seventh day and the 14th day (p=0.000). Conclusion: The administration of 10% propolis-CHA during OFD can increase the type 1 collagen expression in the alveolar bone of rabbits on the seventh and 14th day.
Management of Proximal Pole Scaphoid Nonunions
Authors: Wagner Eric R. , Spencer Corey C. , Dawes Alexander M. , Gottschalk Michael B. , Daly Charles A. 
Published: April 2021

» Optimal management of nonunions of the proximal pole of the scaphoid is controversial and dependent on many patient and pathophysiologic considerations.» If the proximal pole subchondral bone support is sufficient, options include open reduction and internal fixation, either alone or in combination with autologous nonvascularized or vascularized bone graft.» If the proximal pole is not salvageable, replacement with osteochondral autografts or osteochondral flaps is the only option for reconstruction of the native anatomy.
Rehabilitation Following Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Overhead-Throwing Athletes
Authors: Bogdanov Jacob M. , Bolia Ioanna K. , Benvegnu Neilen , Michener Lori A. , Weber Alexander E. , Petrigliano Frank A. 
Published: April 2021

» The prevalence of ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury and UCL reconstruction (UCL-R) continues to rise, causing morbidity in overhead-throwing athletes.» Postoperative rehabilitation protocols are essential for proper healing of the reconstructed ligament and safely returning athletes to competition, yet there is no uniformly accepted standard of care.» UCL-R rehabilitation has traditionally been guided by expert opinion and conventional wisdom rather than scientific studies, resulting in substantial variability in rehabilitation practices, time to return to play, and outcomes.» Current research efforts aim to closely investigate the biomechanical implications of UCL-R and overhead throwing to better guide rehabilitation and to improve competitive performance and outcomes.» Additional biomechanical and scientific studies on rehabilitation modalities and timing are warranted for systematic analysis, optimization, and standardization of UCL-R rehabilitation.
A qualitative exploration of the trajectory of help seeking among Asian American breast cancer survivors
Authors: Hwang Jane , Peregrina Hillary Nicole , Maglalang Dale Dagar , Yoo Grace J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Breast cancer rates among Asian American women are increasing. Despite this, there are limited studies on help-seeking and social support in this population. This paper examines qualitatively the trajectory of help-seeking among Asian American breast cancer survivors. A subsample of Asian American women (n = 52) from a larger study of spirituality, quality of life, mood, and social support was examined. To be eligible for the study, participants needed to: 1) have had a diagnosis of breast cancer (Stage 0, I & II) within the past four years, 2) have completed primary treatment, and 3) speak and/or write English, Cantonese, or Spanish. In-depth interviews and surveys were conducted. Key findings illustrate a trajectory of help-seeking among Asian American women diagnosed with early stage breast cancer. Stages in this trajectory move from keeping their diagnosis personal and not asking for help (Phase 0), maintaining their diagnosis personal but asking for help (Phase 1), and sharing their diagnosis to others and are asking for help (Phase 2). Findings illustrate that seeking support is a process for Asian American with breast cancer, with implications for health and service providers who offer social support to this population.
Identification of driving factors of land, water, energy and food (LWEF) nexus resources: A perspective of environmental degradation in Gidabo Watershed, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Wolde Zinabu , Wei Wu , Ketema Haile , Yirsaw Eshetu , Temesegn Habtamu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In Ethiopia, land, water, energy, and food (LWEF) nexus resources are under pressure, due to population growth, urbanization and economic growth. However, the impact of these factors are less explored at local scale level. As a result, securing nexus resource is becoming a serious challenge. This necessitates identification of driving factors for sustainable utilization of scarce LWEF nexus resources. Our study provides a systemic look at the driving factor indicator that induces nexus resource degradation. We use Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) to develop indicator weight and Path Analysis Model(PAM) to quantitatively estimates the effect of driving factor indicators on LWEF nexus resources. The result indicates that, social (48%), economic (19%) and policy and institutional changes (14%) are the major nexus resource driving factor indicators. The path analysis result indicates that from social driving factor indicators population growth, and consumption patterns have significant direct effect on LWEF nexus with the path coefficient of 0.15 and 0.089, respectively. Similarly, the potential of LWEF nexus resources is also influenced by the institutional and policy change drivers such as outdated legislation and poor institutional structure with the path coefficient of 0.46 and 0.39, respectively. This implies that population growth and consumption pattern are the leading social drivers, while outdated legislation and poor institutional structure are institutional and policies change drivers which have potential impact on LWEF nexus resources degradation. Similarly, other driving factor indicators (environmental, economic and technological) also affect nexus resources with varying amount. The finding of our study show the benefits of managing identified driving factors for the protection of LWEF nexus resources, which have close link with human health and the environment. In order to alleviate the adverse effects of driving factors, all stake holders need to show permanent individual and collective commitment. Furthermore, we underline the necessity of applying LWEF nexus approaches to manage these drivers, and optimize environmental and social outcomes.
Developing Amharic Sign Language Recognition Model for Amharic Characters Using Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Feyera Isayas , Seid Hussien 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Hearing-impaired people use Sign Language to communicate with each other as well as with other communities. Usually, they are unable to communicate with normal people. Most of the people without hearing disability do not understand the Sign Language and unable to understand hearing-impaired people. So, they need recognition of Sign Language to text. In this research, a model is optimized for the recognition of Amharic Sign Language to Amharic characters. A convolutional neural network model is trained on datasets gathered from a teacher of Amharic Sign Language. Frame extraction from Amharic Sign Language video, labeling and annotation, XML creation, generate TFrecord, and training models are major general steps followed for developing models to recognize Amharic Sign Language to characters. After training of the neural network is completed, the model is saved for recognition of Sign Language from a video system or from the frame of video. The accuracy of the model is the summation of confidence of individual alphabets correctly recognized divided by the number of alphabets presented for evaluation for Faster R-CNN and SSD. Hence, the mean average accuracy of the Faster R-CNN and Single-Shot Detector is found to be 98. 25% and 96 % respectively. The model is trained and evaluated for the character of the Amharic language. The research will continue to include the remaining words and sentence used in Amharic Sign Language to have a full- edged Sign Language recognition model to a complete system.
A Rare Case of Human Residual Root Myiasis Caused by Clogmia Albipunctata Larvae(Diptera: Psychodidae)
Authors: Liu Ying-jie , Liu Jin-rui , Liu Yun , Chen Juan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Clogmia albipunctata is cosmopolitan in distribution. The adult flies can survive and spread outdoors during the temperate seasons while continuously breeding in buildings during the winter months. Because they are non-biting, tiny and quite, most of people do not pay special attention to them. It is the first case reported that Clogmia albipunctata larvae cause human residual root myiasis.Case presentation: In December 2020, a 26-year-old woman was referred from Kaifeng New District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital to the Department of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College of Henan University with chief complaint that two active alive larvae were found in the mouth while brushing her teeth in the morning. The intraoral examination revealed nice oral hygiene and no larvae was found directly. The right second mandibular molar was a residual root and the mucosa above it was mild erythematous and edematous and no bleeding on probing was present. While some 50℃ normal saline was injected in the residual root with syringe, four larvae swarmed out from the residual root. The larvae were observed by naked eyes and light microscope and the larvae were reared. One adult fly was got 11 days later. They were identified as Clogmia albipunctata larvae. Because the patient was in lactation, medication was not recommended. Treatment included the removal of all visible larvae followed by debridement. The patient was followed-up for 1 month and healed. The patient’s residual root myiasis was associated with sleeping with the mouth open and the smell of rotten food in the residual root attracted Clogmia albipunctatus to lay eggs in the residual root.Conclusions: This report implies that even if the oral hygiene is nice in general, the existence of residual roots maybe results in oral myiasis. The myiasis caused by Clogmia albipunctata larvae should be paid attention to. It is necessary to treat residual roots in time.
Ophiopogonin D inhibiting epithelial NF-κB signaling pathway protects against experimental colitis in mice
Authors: Wang Liang , Liu Jiani , Qiao Liang , Liao Xiaoxiao , Huang Huan , Dong Jianyi , Chen Jun , Chen Dapeng , Wang Jingyu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The sustained activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway has been observed in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Ophiopogonin D (OP-D) is a small molecular compound isolated from Ophiopogon japonicus, a widely used herbal remedy. In this study, dextran sodium sulfate was used to make a mouse model of experimental colitis and verify the effect of OP-D on the mouse model of experimental colitis. Small molecule-protein molecular docking approaches were also used to discover the mechanisms underlying the OP-D-induced regulation of colitis. In colitis, the OP-D can inhibit the apoptosis of intestinal mucosa cells, restore the intestinal barrier, and alleviate inflammation. The molecular docking simulations showed that OP-D had a high affinity with the REL-homology domain of NF-κB-p65 that affected its translocation to the nucleus. In a cell study, the effects of OP-D on inflammation and barrier dysfunction were significantly decreased by a small interfering RNA targeting NF-κB-p65. Further, the LPS-induced increase in NF-κB-p65 in the nucleus was also significantly inhibited by OP-D. OP-D alleviated experimental colitis by inhibiting NF-κB. New insights into the pathogenesis and treatment options of colitis are provided though this study.
Assessment of the Effects of Newly Fabricated CaO, CuO, ZnO Nanoparticles on Callus Formation Maintainance of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Under In Vitro Salt Stress
Authors: Simsek Merve , Yazicilar Busra , Boke Fatma , Nadaroglu Hayrunisa , Alayli Azize , Bezirganoglu ismail 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Nanoparticules plays an important role in plant adaptation to abiotic stress, especially in response to salt stress. In this study, two alfalfa lines (Erzurum, and Muş) were used as the material for the response NaCl to CuO, ZnO and CaO nanoparticules (NPs). CaO is evident to be higher effective than CuO, ZnO in callus induction from leaf explants. The antioxidant enzyme activities were also determined in the callus cultures. The maximum activity in MDA analysis was observed from callus treated of 50 mM NaCl with 0.8 ppm CuO NPs. The callus induction stage without salt treatments indicated a best result in 0.8 ppm CaO NPs for H2O2 value compared to the other NPs. The callus induction stage without salt treatments indicated a best result in 0.8 ppm CaO NPs for POD value compared to the other NPs for POD activity. The best response in protein rate was obtained from callus induction stage and callus formation stage after 50 mM treatment NaCl with 0.8 ppm CuO. LSCM analysis evident that the NPs could migitate the negative effects of NaCl stress by the elimination of stress severity in callus cells. SEM analysis was supported the results obtained by LSCM analysis. Our findings suggest that CuO, CaO and ZnO NPs can offer a simple and effective method to protect alfalfa callus from NaCl stress severity.
Ethanolic extract of Mucuna pruriens ameliorates carbon tetrachloride and rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in wistar albino rat
Authors: Ogunmoyole Temidayo , Micheal Ola-Awe Ayomide , Grace Fatile Omotola 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The present study investigates the hepatoprotective and nephroprotective potentials of Mucuna pruriens leaf extract with a view to providing a potent alternative in the management of liver and kidney diseases. Forty male albino rats were randomly placed into eight groups comprising five animals each. Animals in group I were administered with the distilled water, while groups II and VI were exposed to CCl4 and rifampicin respectively. Animals in groups III and IV were initially exposed CCl4 and treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg bw M. pruriens respectively. Similarly, groups VII and VIII animals were exposed to rifampicin and treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg bw M. pruriens respectively. Animals in group V were treated with 100 mg/kg bw silymarin by oral gavage after an initial exposure to CCl4. Selected biomarkers of liver and kidney damage were determined in the serum and organs homogenate. Liver and kidney slices of experimental animals were also stained for histopathological examination. Exposure to CCl4 and rifampicin respectively resulted in marked distortion in lipid profile, inhibition of antioxidant enzymes and a surge in ALT, AST, ALP, urea, uric acid, bilirubin and creatine kinase. Treatment with M. pruriens extract reversed all deranged biochemical and histopathological parameters in a dose-dependent manner. Restoration of both biochemical and histopathological alterations established the fact that M. pruriens is a potent hepatoprotective and nephroprotective plant, thereby giving credence to the potential usefulness of its leaf extract in the management of liver and kidney diseases.
Second Year Post-Wildfire Recovery Inhibits Dispersal of Allelopathic, Invasive Forb
Authors: Schlau Benjamin Marcus 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The increasing frequency of wildfires in Southern California’s Mediterranean-type habitats has been facilitating the displacement of native plants by invasive annuals. Black mustard ( Brassica nigra ) is an abundant, allelopathically harmful, invasive forb, which readily colonizes soil niches following most disturbances. Wildfires, however, are unlike other forms of disturbance because they can fundamental alter plant-soil interactions through both physical and chemical changes in the soil. Here, a comparative field study of burned and unburned sites suggests that the Woolsey Fire – the largest wildfire ever recorded in California’s Santa Monica Mountains – inhibited dispersal of B. nigra and changed how it interacts with other plant species in the second year of post-fire recovery. More surprisingly, native plants were more likely to replace B. nigra than non-native plants in burned sites. These results indicate the possibility of post-fire seeding with specific “fire follower” native plant species may allow native flora to occupy soil niche space until longer-lived, competitive native shrubs establish.
Military Object Detection in Defence using Multi-Level Capsule Networks
Authors: Janakiramiaha B , G Kalyani , A Karuna , V Narasimha Prasad L , M Krishna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Automatic target detection plays a major role in automated war operations. The key concept behind automated target detection is military objects recognition from the captured images. For object recognition in the given image, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a powerful classification network. But in general CNNs are trained for general object recognition. But, the performance of CNN depends mainly on the size of the training set. The size of the training data is generally available in less proportion for military objects due to its operational and security issues. Hence the performance of CNN may degrade sharply. To address the issue of military objects, a relatively new neural network architecture called Capsule Network (CapsNet) is introduced. Hence, in this article, a variant of CapsNet called Multi-level CapsNet framework is projected for military object recognition under the case of small training set. The introduced framework of this paper is validated on a dataset of military objects which are collected from the internet. The dataset contains particularly five military objects and the similar civil ones. The proposed framework demonstrates a large improvement of 96.54% of accuracy for military object recognition. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework can accomplish a high recognition precision, superior to many other algorithms such as conventional Support Vector Machines and transfer learning based CNNs.