bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in mammography screening in Ontario and Alberta following national guideline dissemination: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Fahim Christine , Wiebe Natasha , Nisenbaum Rosane , Hamid Jemila S. , Ewusie Joycelyne E. , Tonelli Marcello , Brauer Paula , Shaw Elizabeth , Bell Neil , Stacey Dawn , Holmes Nathalie M. , Straus Sharon E. 
Published: October 2021

Background: In November 2011, the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care released guidelines for screening women at average breast cancer risk. Weak recommendations (framed using GRADE methodology) were made for screening women aged 50 to 74 years every two to three years, and for not screening women aged 40 to 49 years. Methods: We conducted an interrupted time series analysis using administrative data to examine bilateral mammography use before and after a national guideline dissemination strategy targeting primary care physicians. Women aged 40 to 74 years living in Ontario or Alberta from 30th November 2008 to 30th November 2014 were included. Strata included age, region of residence, neighbourhood income quintile, immigration status, and education level. Results: In both provinces, mammography use rates were lower in the post-intervention period (527 vs. 556 and 428 vs. 465/1000 participant-months - the monthly screening rate/1000 - in Ontario and Alberta, respectively). In Ontario, mammography trends decreased following guideline release to align with recommendations for women aged 40 to 74 (decrease of 2.21/1000 women, SE 0.26/1000, p<0.0001). In Alberta, mammography trends decreased for women aged 40 to 49 years (3/1000 women, SE 0.32, p<0.001) and 50 to 69 (2.9/1000 women, SE 0.79, p<0.001), but did not change for women aged 70 to 74 (0.7/1000 women, SE 1.23, p=0.553). In both provinces, trends in mammography use rates were sustained for up to three years after guideline release. Conclusions: The guideline dissemination strategy appeared to increase uptake of guideline-concordant screening practice in women aged 40 to 49 years in Ontario and Alberta and for women aged 50 to 74 years in Ontario. Further work is required to understand these findings and whether shared decision making about mammography between women and providers increased among women considering mammography.
2-DOF robot modelling by SimMechanics and PD-FL integrated controller for position control and trajectory tracking
Authors: Lee Tian Soon , Alandoli Esmail Ali , Vijayakumar V 
Published: October 2021

Background Due to the high demand of robots to perform several industrial tasks, such as welding, machining, pick and place, position control in robotics has attracted high attention recently. Controllers’ improvement is also continuous specifically in terms of design simplicity and performance accuracy. This research plans to obtain the SimMechanics model of a two-degree of freedom (DOF) robot and to propose an integrated controller of a proportional–derivative (PD) controller and a fuzzy logic (FL) controller. Methodology The SimMechanics model of the 2-DOF robot is obtained using MATLAB SimMechanics toolbox from a CAD assembly design of the 2-DOF robot. Then, the proposed PD-FL integrated controller is designed and simulated in MATLAB Simulink. The PD controller is widely used for its simplicity, but it doesn’t have a satisfactory performance in difficult tasks. Furthermore, the FL controller is also easy for design and implementation even by non-experts in control theory, but it has the disadvantage of long computational time for multi-input systems due to the increased fuzzy rules. Results The FL controller is integrated with the PD controller for enhanced performance of the 2-DOF robot. The PD-FL integrated controller is developed and tested to control the 2-DOF robot for point-to-point position control and also tip trajectory tracking (TTT) such as triangular TTT and rhombic TTT. Conclusion The PD-FL integrated controller demonstrates enhanced performance compared to the conventional PD controller in both point-to-point position control and TTT. Furthermore, the PD-FL integrated controller has the advantage of less fuzzy rules which helps to overcome the computational time issue of the FL controller.
Stacked deep analytic model for human activity recognition on a UCI HAR database
Authors: Han Pang Ying , Ping Liew Yee , Ling Goh Fan , Yin Ooi Shih , How Khoh Wee 
Published: October 2021

Background Owing to low cost and ubiquity, human activity recognition using smartphones is emerging as a trendy mobile application in diverse appliances such as assisted living, healthcare monitoring, etc. Analysing this one-dimensional time-series signal is rather challenging due to its spatial and temporal variances. Numerous deep neural networks (DNNs) are conducted to unveil deep features of complex real-world data. However, the drawback of DNNs is the un-interpretation of the network's internal logic to achieve the output. Furthermore, a huge training sample size (i.e. millions of samples) is required to ensure great performance. Methods In this work, a simpler yet effective stacked deep network, known as Stacked Discriminant Feature Learning (SDFL), is proposed to analyse inertial motion data for activity recognition. Contrary to DNNs, this deep model extracts rich features without the prerequisite of a gigantic training sample set and tenuous hyper-parameter tuning. SDFL is a stacking deep network with multiple learning modules, appearing in a serialized layout for multi-level feature learning from shallow to deeper features. In each learning module, Rayleigh coefficient optimized learning is accomplished to extort discriminant features. A subject-independent protocol is implemented where the system model (trained by data from a group of users) is used to recognize data from another group of users. Results Empirical results demonstrate that SDFL surpasses state-of-the-art methods, including DNNs like Convolutional Neural Network, Deep Belief Network, etc., with ~97% accuracy from the UCI HAR database with thousands of training samples. Additionally, the model training time of SDFL is merely a few minutes, compared with DNNs, which require hours for model training. Conclusions The supremacy of SDFL is corroborated in analysing motion data for human activity recognition requiring no GPU but only a CPU with a fast- learning rate.
Efficacy safety and immunogenicity of rurioctocog alfa pegol for prophylactic treatment in previously treated patients with severe hemophilia A: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Witarto Bendix Samarta , Visuddho Visuddho , Witarto Andro Pramana , Sutanto Henry , Wiratama Bayu Satria , Wungu Citrawati Dyah Kencono 
Published: October 2021

Background: Patients with severe hemophilia often present with painful joint and soft tissue bleeding which may restrict them from their daily activities. The current standard of care still relies on a regular prophylactic factor VIII (FVIII), which has a high daily treatment burden. Recently, rurioctocog alfa pegol, a third-generation recombinant FVIII with a modification in its polyethylene glycol (PEG) component, has been developed. Several trials have studied this synthetic drug as bleeding prophylaxis in severe hemophilia A. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of rurioctocog alfa pegol for previously treated patients with severe hemophilia A. Methods: This study was conducted in conformity with the PRISMA guidelines. Data were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Wiley Online Library, and CINAHL (via EBSCOhost). Study qualities were assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) and Modified Jadad scales. Results: Four studies involving 517 previously treated severe hemophilia A patients were included in this study. The pooled mean of total annualized bleeding rate (ABR) and hemostatic efficacy was 2.59 (95% CI = 2.04–3.14) and 92% (95% CI = 85%–97%), respectively. Only 30 (2.3%) non-serious and one (1.4%) serious adverse events were considered related to rurioctocog alfa pegol treatment. At the end of the studies, no development of FVIII inhibitory antibodies was observed. None of the developed binding antibodies to FVIII, PEG-FVIII, or PEG was correlated to the treatment efficacy and safety. Conclusions: Despite the limited availability of direct comparison studies, our analyses indicate that rurioctocog alfa pegol could serve as a safe and effective alternative for bleeding prophylaxis in previously treated hemophilia A patients. Moreover, it appears to have low immunogenicity, which further increases the safety profile of the drug in such clinical conditions.
CLIMATE CHANGE AND TEACHER’S PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL IN BENUE STATE NIGERIA
Authors: Ortsa Mhenmbee Gabriel , Ndidiamaka Akwam Jane 
Published: October 2021

The study investigated climate change and Teachers performance in secondary schools in Benue State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population compromised 5,225 teachers from 512 secondary schools. A total of 528 (10%) teachers from 51 (10%) secondary schools was sampled using proportionate stratified sampling technique: A 10-items self structured questionnaire titled “climate change and teachers performance questionnaire (CCTPQ) was used for data collection. The data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while chi-square (x2) test of goodness of fit was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The finding of the study revealed that rainfall has a significant impact on teachers’ performance in secondary school in Benue State, Nigeria. The study also found that excessive heat has a significant impact on teachers’ performance in secondary schools. it was concluded that climate change significantly impact on teachers performances in secondary school in Benue State, Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that secondary, principals should provide rain-cut to teacher during raining season to enable them perform effectively and the government should provide Air-conditions or sling fans during excessive heat in the classrooms for efficient teahers performance.
Universal nanosecond range pulse contrast measurement for a kJ-class petawatt laser
Authors: Ding Fucai , Ouyang Xiaoping , Zhang Xuejie , Jiang Youen , Hou Ke , Jiang Xiuqing , Tao Hua , Zhu Baoqiang , Liu De’an , Zhu Jian , Zhu Jianqiang 
Published: October 2021

A single-shot measuring apparatus with optical limiting for temporal pulse contrast of
kJ-class petawatt lasers in the nanosecond range is proposed. A
temporal linear filter comprising an electro-optical switch, a
polarizer, a temporal nonlinear filter composed of cascaded SHG
crystals, and a dichromatic mirror are, respectively, used as an
optical limiting apparatus for contrast measurement of nanosecond and
picosecond pulses to improve dynamic range and temporal resolution.
The apparatus has been applied to pulse contrast measurements at the
SG-II petawatt facility, achieving a high dynamic range of

1

0

10

and a fast time resolution of 107 ps
in the 350 ns range. This technique can also be universally applied to
the limiting of the main pulse of varying pulse widths to diagnose
pre-pulses during generation and transmission.
Time-encoded mid-infrared Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography: erratum
Authors: Zorin Ivan , Gattinger Paul , Prylepa Andrii , Heise Bettina 
Published: October 2021

We present an erratum to our Letter [Opt. Lett.
46, 4108 (2021)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.434855] and
make a correction to the labeling of the absorption bands (reversed
order for CH vibrations) indicated in Fig. 2(a). This does not change
the scientific conclusions of the original Letter.
Hospital work environments affect the patient safety climate: A longitudinal follow-up using a logistic regression analysis model
Authors: Brubakk Kirsten , Svendsen Martin Veel , Deilkås Ellen Tveter , Hofoss Dag , Barach Paul , Tjomsland Ole 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundOccupational worker wellness and safety climate are key determinants of healthcare organizations’ ability to reduce medical harm to patients while supporting their employees. We designed a longitudinal study to evaluate the association between work environment characteristics and the patient safety climate in hospital units.MethodsPrimary data were collected from Norwegian hospital staff from 970 clinical units in all 21 hospitals of the South-Eastern Norway Health Region using the validated Norwegian Work Environment Survey and the Norwegian version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. Responses from 91,225 surveys were collected over a three year period. We calculated the factor mean score and a binary outcome to measure study outcomes. The relationship between the hospital unit characteristics and the observed changes in the safety climate was analyzed by linear and logistic regression models.ResultsA work environment conducive to safe incident reporting, innovation, and teamwork was found to be significant for positive changes in the safety climate. In addition, a work environment supportive of patient needs and staff commitment to their workplace was significant for maintaining a mature safety climate over time.ConclusionsA supportive work environment is essential for patient safety. The characteristics of the hospital units were significantly associated with the unit’s safety climate scores, hence improvements in working conditions are needed for enhancing patient safety.
External validation of the priapism impact profile in a Jamaican cohort of patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Morrison Belinda F. , Madden Wendy , Asnani Monika , Sotimehin Ayodeji , Anele Uzoma , Jing Yuezhou , Trock Bruce J. , Burnett Arthur L. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Priapism impairs quality of life and has a predilection for males with sickle cell disease (SCD). The Priapism Impact Profile (PIP) is a novel 12-item instrument designed to measure general health-related impact of priapism. The aim of the study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the PIP in a Jamaican cohort of SCD patients experiencing priapism.

Methods
One hundred SCD patients with a history of priapism were recruited from a sickle cell clinic in Kingston, Jamaica and administered the PIP questionnaire. Patients rated each item of the PIP for clarity and importance. Statistical testing was employed to evaluate the psychometric performance of the PIP. Content validation was assessed based on patient descriptive rating of the items based on clarity, and importance and criterion-oriented validity were assessed by evaluating the PIP’s ability to distinguish between patient subgroups. Test-retest repeatability was assessed in 20 of the 100 patients.

Results
Patients were stratified into active (54) and remission (46) priapism groups based on their experience of priapism within the past year. Patients in the active priapism group were younger (p = 0.011), had a shorter duration of disease (p = 0.023), and had more frequent priapism episodes (p = 0.036) than the remission group. PIP questionnaire scores differed significantly with respect to priapism activity (p < 0.001) and prevalence of erectile dysfunction (p < 0.05) but not by priapism severity (p = 0.62). The PIP questionnaire had good content validity, with questions rated as having medium or high clarity and importance by an average of 82.8% and 69.2% of patients, respectively.

Conclusion
The PIP questionnaire was successfully validated in a Jamaican cohort of SCD patients and adequately discriminated patients with active priapism from those in remission. The instrument may be utilized in routine clinical management of patients with SCD-associated priapism. Further clinical investigations are warranted in other populations.
The magnitude of hypertension and associated factors among clients on highly active antiretroviral treatment in Southern Ethiopia, 2020: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Lukas Kaleegziabher , Markos Endrias , Belayneh Fanuel , Habte Akili 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
Following the introduction of Highly Active Anti Retro Viral Treatment (HAART), the survival of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) has improved. However, hypertension remains a major challenge for people living with HIV. Very little effort has been made to examine the magnitude of hypertension and its contributing factors among clients receiving HAART, particularly in southern Ethiopia. Hence, the current study aimed at determining the frequency of Hypertension and associated factors among clients receiving HAART at Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia, 2020.

Methods
A hospital-based cross-sectional study took place from January 20- March 20, 2020. A systematic sampling technique was employed in the selection of 397 clients. Interviewer administered pretested structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Blood pressure and anthropometric parameters of PLHIV were measured. The data was encoded and entered using Epi Data Version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Then bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated factors. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% CI was used to present the estimated effect size and declare the presence of statistically significant association respectively.

Results
The magnitude of hypertension among clients on HAART was 11.0% 95% CI [7.93, 14.04]. Being on HAART for at least 60 months (AOR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.24–5.21), being on TDF/3TC/EFV combination (AOR: 4.61, 95% CI: 2.52–8.3), and high alcohol consumption (AOR: 4.31, 95% CI: 1.84–10.02) were identified as significant predictors of hypertension among clients on HAART.

Conclusion and recommendation
The magnitude of hypertension in the study area was in a considerable state to plan and implement intervention measures. For those clients who have received TDF/3TC/EFV and TDF/3TC/NVP and those who have been on HAART for 60 months, a strong emphasis should be placed on planning a strict follow-up. A concerted effort among health care providers is needed through counseling and education to discourage the habit of high alcohol consumption among clients.
Sex differences in the association of vitamin D and metabolic risk factors with carotid intima-media thickness in obese adolescents
Authors: Murni Indah K. , Sulistyoningrum Dian C. , Gasevic Danijela , Susilowati Rina , Julia Madarina 
Published: October 2021

Background
It has been shown that vitamin D is associated with obesity and the development of atherosclerosis. Less is known about this association among adolescents with obesity.

Objectives
To determine the association of vitamin D level and metabolic risk factors with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) among obese adolescents.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study among obese children aged 15 to 17 years in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The association of vitamin D and other metabolic risk factors (triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and insulin resistance using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)) with CIMT was explored by multivariable linear regression models.

Results
Out of 156 obese adolescents, 55.8% were boys. Compared to girls, boys had higher BMI z-score, waist circumference, and HDL-cholesterol. After adjustment for age, sex and second-hand smoke exposure, high HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels were associated with higher odds of elevated CIMT. In analyses stratified by sex, a similar trend was observed in boys, while none of the risk factors were associated with CIMT in girls. We observed no association between vitamin D and CIMT.

Conclusions
Hyperinsulinemia, higher total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were associated with greater odds of elevated CIMT among obese adolescent boys.
Variation of tuberculosis prevalence across diagnostic approaches and geographical areas of Indonesia
Authors: Noviyani Alvera , Nopsopon Tanawin , Pongpirul Krit 
Published: October 2021

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) has contributed to a significant disease burden and economic loss worldwide. Given no gold standard for diagnosis, early identification of TB infection has been challenging. This study aimed to comparatively investigate the prevalence of TB across diagnostic approaches (sputum AFB, sputum culture, sputum genetic test, and chest x-ray) and geographical areas of Indonesia.

Methods
Participant demographic variables and TB screening test results were obtained from the Tuberculosis Unit, Health Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Health (HRDA-MoH). The prevalence of pulmonary TB in populations aged 15 years and over was calculated using TB cases as a numerator and populations aged 15 years and over as a denominator. Variations across geographical areas and diagnostic approaches were expressed as prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
A total of 67,944 records were reviewed. Based on bacteriological evidence, the prevalence of TB per 100,000 in Indonesia was 759 (95% CI: 589.7–960.8) with variations across areas: 913 (95% CI 696.7–1,176.7; Sumatra), 593 (95% CI 447.2–770.6; Java-Bali), and 842 (95% CI 634.7–1,091.8; other islands). Also, the prevalence of TB varied across diagnostic approaches: 256.5 (sputum AFB), 545 (sputum culture), 752.2 (chest x-ray), and 894.9 (sputum genetic test). Based on sputum AFB, the TB prevalence varied from 216.6 (95% CI 146.5–286.8; Java-Bali), 259.9 (95% CI 184.2–335.6; other islands) to 307.4 (95% CI 208.3–406.5; Sumatra). Based on sputum culture, the TB prevalence ranged from 487.9 (95% CI 433.6–548.6; Java-Bali), 635.9 (95% CI 564.9–715.1; Sumatra), to 2,129.8 (95% CI 1,664.0–2,735.6; other islands). Based on chest x-ray, the TB prevalence varied from 152.1 (95% CI 147.9–156.3; Java-Bali), 159.2 (95% CI 154.1–164.3; Sumatra), to 864 (95% CI 809–921.4; other islands). Based on sputum genetic test, the TB prevalence ranged from 838.7 (95% CI 748.4–900.8; Java-Bali), 875 (95% CI 775.4–934.2; Sumatra), to 941.2 (95% CI 663.6–992.3; other islands).

Conclusions
The variation of TB prevalence across geographical regions could be confounded by the diagnostic approaches.

Trial registration
This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chulalongkorn University (IRB No. 684/63).
Fracture Resistance of Primary Molars Restored with Endocrowns Versus Zirconia Crowns (An in Vitro Study)
Authors: Sabbah Ayman , Kamel Mostafa 
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study aimed to assess the fracture resistance of primary molars restored with endocrowns compared to prefabricated zirconia crowns. Methods: Twelve sound, defect-free primary second molars were selected and divided into two groups: group I included 6 molars restored with zirconia crowns, while group II included 6 teeth restored with endocrowns. For both groups access cavity was prepared for the teeth to open pulp chamber. Fracture resistance of both groups was tested using a universal testing machine. Results: Zirconia crown showed statistically significantly higher mean fracture resistance than Endocrown (P-value = 0.001, Effect size = 2.72). Conclusion: Pulpotomized primary molars restored with Zirconia crowns showed significantly higher mean fracture resistance compared to primary molars restored with endocrowns, meanwhile both restorations have shown higher mean fracture resistance than the maximum biting force in children.
Keywords
Composite resins; Endocrown; Fracture strength; Zirconia crowns.