bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activities of Daily Living, Depression, and life Satisfaction of Elders using Rural Day Group Homes in South Korea
Authors: Bae Jeong In , Cha Nam Hyun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting life satisfaction in the communal life of elderly people in rural areas of South Korea. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The study respondents were 143 elders (≥ 65-years-old) selected through convenience sampling. The Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), depression, and life satisfaction were measured. The data were collected from self-reported questionnaires from 1 August to 30 August 2019. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS Program. Results: The IADL scores were significantly different according to age (p < 0.001), education (p < 0.001), and cohabitation (p = 0.003), whereas depression was gender (p = 0.033), age (p = 0.006), education (p = 0.006), and cohabitation (p = 0.039). Life satisfaction was significantly different according to age (p = 0.001), education (p < 0.001), religion (p = 0.008), and cohabitation (p = 0.009). There was a positive correlation between IADL scores and depression (r = 0.37, p < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between life satisfaction and the IADL scores (r = -0.39, p < 0.001) and depression (r = -.66, p < 0.001). Forty-one percent of the respondent’s life satisfaction was explained by depression (p < 0.001), religion (p = 0.021), and IADL scores (p = 0.028).Conclusion: The results of this study may be useful in understanding the life satisfaction level of elderly people in communal living and developing more specific programs for mental and activity programs. Depression management strategies are also needed.
Nomogram based on Autophagy Related Genes for Predicting the Survival in Melanoma
Authors: Deng Guangtong , Wang Wenhua , Li Yayun , Sun Huiyan , Zeng Furong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Autophagy, a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, isassociated with the prognosis of melanoma. However, prognostic prediction modelsbased on autophagy related genes (ARGs) have never been recognized in melanoma.In the present study, we aimed to establish a novel nomogram to predict the prognosisof melanoma based on ARGs signature and clinical parameters.Methods: Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-TissueExpression (GTEx) databases were extracted to identify the differentially expressedARGs. Univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) andmultivariate analysis were used to select the prognostic ARGs. ARG signature, ageand stage were then enrolled to establish a nomogram to predict the survivalprobabilities of melanoma. The nomogram was evaluated by concordance index(C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve.Decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to assess the clinical benefits of thenomogram and TNM stage model. The nomogram was validated in GEO cohorts.Results: Five prognostic ARGs were selected to construct ARGs signature model andvalidated in the GEO cohort. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that patientsin high-risk group had significantly worse overall survival than those in low-riskgroup in TCGA cohort (P = 5.859 × 10-9) and GEO cohort (P = 3.075 × 10-9).We then established and validated a novel promising prognostic nomogram throughcombining ARGs signature and clinical parameters. The C-index of the nomogramwas 0.717 in TCGA training cohort and 0.738 in GEO validation cohort.TCGA/GEO-based ROC curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated thatthe nomogram was better than traditional TNM staging system for melanomaprognosis.Conclusion: We firstly developed and validated an ARGs signature based-nomogramfor individualized prognosis prediction in melanoma patients, which could assist withdecision making for clinicians.
On Gaussian Curvature and Membrane Fission
Authors: Rueda-Contreras Mara Denisse , Gallen Andreu F. , Romero-Arias J. Roberto , Hernandez-Machado Aurora , Barrio Rafael A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We propose a three-dimensional mathematical model to describe dynamical processes of membrane fission. The model is based on a phase field equation that includes the Gaussian curvature contribution to the bending energy. With the addition of the Gaussian curvature energy term numerical simulations agree with the predictions that tubular shapes can break down into multiple vesicles. A dispersion relation obtained with linear analysis predicts the wavelength of the instability and the number of formed vesicles. Finally, a membrane shape diagram is obtained for the different Gaussian and bending modulus, showing different shape regimes.
In Silico Analysis of 716 Natural Bioactive Molecules Form Atlantic Ocean Reveals Candidate Molecule to Inhibit Spike Protein&nbsp;
Authors: Habib Peter T. , Saber-Ayad Maha , Hassanein Sameh E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
COVID-19, a new pandemic of coronavirus (CoV), was reported in Wuhan, China, in 2019. No specific drugs are available and investigations regarding COVID-19 treatment are proceeding. Lan et al. (2020) successfully crystallized the COVID-19 spike receptor-binding domain bounding to the ACE2 receptor, which is a potential drug target. The present study aimed to assess 716 bioactive compounds found in the South Atlantic Ocean as potential COVID-19 Spike inhibitors, using a molecular docking study. Molecular docking was performed using Autodock Vina to analyze the probability of docking. COVID-19 Spike was docked with several compounds, and docking was virtually screened by Chimera, Pymol, and Biovia Discovery Studio and test for draggability using SWISSADME. The analysis shows that 11 NPs out of 716 are predicted to be Spike inhibitors by blocking the amino acids responsible for binding Spike to ACE2. However, further findings are necessary to experimentally investigated for their potential medicinal use.
WITHDRAWN: Zinc Substituted Nickel-cobalt Nano-ferrites via Citrate-gel Auto-combustion Method for High-frequency Applications: Studies on Crystal Structure and Dielectric Properties
Authors: Oumezzine Marwene , Iuga Alin Iuga , ENCULESCU Monica , Galca Aurelian Catalin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Ni0.8−xZnxCo0.2Fe2O4 (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20) were prepared by citrate-gel auto-combustion method. The structural investigation using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the formation of single-phase cubic spinel structures with Fd-3m space group for all prepared samples. As the Zn2+ concentration is increased, the values of the lattice constant, tetrahedral and octahedral bond lengths undergo significant change. The absolute experimental lattice parameters are closely to the Vegard’ s law derived ones, suggesting that the cations concentration fairly correspond with those calculated prior chemical synthesis. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption bands at 594–400 cm− 1 confirm the formation of spinel structure. The values of dielectric constant and loss tangent were reported to decline with frequency and the Zn2+composition (x). Incorporation of Zn at nickel-cobalt resulted in decrease in ac conductivity at RT. Here, we report a low loss tangent factor of the order of 8 × 103for the sample with x = 0.20 make this composition suitable for high frequency applications. Imaginary electric modulus studies unveil the presence of non-Debye type of dielectric relaxation phenomenon. The activation energy of our samples calculated from modulus spectra is found to increase with further substitution of Zn2+ concentration.
Pyroelectric Catalysis-based “Nano-lymphatic” Reduces Tumor Interstitial Pressure for Enhanced Penetration and Hydrodynamic Therapy
Authors: He Yuchu , Li Zhuo , Cong Cong , Ye Fei , Yang Jingyue , Zhang Xuwu , Yuan Yi , Ma Zhenhe , Zhang Kaiqing , Lin Yang , Zheng Lizhao , Gao Dawei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Owing to deficiency of lymphatic reflux in the tumor, the retention of tumor interstitial fluid causes the aggravation of tumor interstitial pressure (TIP), which leads to unsatisfactory tumor penetration of nanomedicine. It is the main inducement of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Herein, we design a pyroelectric catalysis-based “Nano-lymphatic” to decrease the TIP for enhanced tumor penetration and treatments. It realizes photothermal therapy and decomposition of tumor interstitial fluid under NIR-II laser irradiation after reaching the tumor, which reduces the TIP for enhanced tumor penetration. Simultaneously, reactive oxygen species generated during the pyroelectric catalysis can further damage deep tumor stem cells. The results indicate that the “Nano-lymphatic” relieves 52% of TIP, leading to enhanced tumor penetration, which effectively inhibits the tumor proliferation (93.75%) and recurrence. Our finding presents a novel strategy to reduce TIP by pyroelectric catalysis for enhanced tumor penetration and improved treatments, which is of great significance for drug delivery.
Evolutionary Game of Environmental Investment under National Environmental Regulation in China
Authors: Sun Tao , Feng Qiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of social economy, the deterioration of environment has become more and more serious, it is urgent to find a balance between economic development and environmental protection. Therefore, enterprises are appealed to invest in environmental protection and local municipalities are appealed to supervise the environmental behaviors of enterprises, while central government plays a role of regulation. In order to study the preconditions for a better environmental strategy combination of local municipalities and enterprises, an evolutionary game theory was first constructed in this paper, then the evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) of local municipalities and enterprises under different scenarios was examined, and finally a simulation was used to test the results of the analysis. The results indicate that central government’s regulation has influence on the strategies chosen by local municipalities and enterprises, the larger the degree of central government’s incentives are, the more possible local municipalities and enterprises would choose environment-friendly strategies; and the intensity of central government's regulation, the cost and benefits of local municipalities’ supervision, and the cost and benefits of enterprises' environmental investment are the key influence factors.
Differentiation and Maturation Effect of All-trans Retinoic Acid on Cultured Fetal RPE and Stem Cell-Derived RPE Cells for Cell-Based Therapy
Authors: Yan Tingyu , Yang Na , Hu Wei , Zhang Xinxin , Li Xuedong , Wang Youjin , Kong Jun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Phase I/II clinical trials using fetal retinal pigment epithelium (fRPE), human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived RPE, or human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived RPE as potential sources of materials for cell-based therapy to treat degenerative retinal diseases have been carried out during the past decade. Challenges for successful translational cell-based therapy include cell manufacture, cell quality, cell storage, and cell behavior in vivo. In this study, we investigated the culture-induced changes in passaged fetal RPE, hESC-RPE and hiPSC-RPE cells in vitro and explored the differentiation and maturation effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on those RPE cells. Methods: A total of 9 fetal RPE cell lines, hESC-RPE and hiPSC-RPE cell lines were set up using previously described methods. The culture-induced changes in subsequent passages caused by manipulating plating density, dissociation method and repeated passaging were studied by microscope, real-time quantitative PCR, western blot and immunofluorescent assays. Gene and protein expression and functional characteristics of fRPE, hESC-RPE and hiPSC-RPE incubated with ATRA at different concentration were also evaluated.Results: Compared with fRPE, hESC-RPE and hiPSC-RPE showed decreased gene and protein expression of RPE markers. Passage 3 RPE of all three types seeded at a density of 6×105 and 9x105 cells/mL in basal medium maintained pigmented polygonal, cobblestone-like morphology. RPE cells underwent mesenchymal changes showing increased expression of mesenchymal markers including a-SMA, N-cadherin, fibronectin and decreased expression of RPE markers including RPE65, E-cadherin and ZO-1, as a subsequence of low plating density, inappropriate dissociated method, and repeated passaging. fRPE, hESC-RPE and iPSC-RPE treated by ATRA at different concentrations showed increased expression of RPE markers such as RPE65, bestrophin (BEST) and CRALBP, and increased expression of negative complement regulatory proteins (CRP) including complement factor H (CFH), CD46, CD55 and CD59, and increased transepithelial resistance (TER) as well.Conclusion: Although hESC and hiPSC-derived RPE are morphologically similar to fRPE, and also have the tendency to undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) changes during the culturing and passaging process in vitro, differences in protein and gene expression among three RPE types exist. Moreover, ATRA can increase RPE markers expression, as well as to increase the expression levels of CRPs gene and protein in fRPE and stem cell-derived RPE.
Effects of Hydro-Meteorological Factors on Streamflow Withdrawal for Irrigation
Authors: Sung Jang Hyun , Baek Donghae , Ryu Young , Seo Seung Beom 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The relationships between a variety of hydro-meteorological variables and irrigation water use rates (WUR) were investigated in this study. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Potential Evapotranspiration (PET), and Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) are explored in order to identify the relationship with the WUR. The Yeongsan river basin which agricultural land is mostly occupied by well-irrigated paddy was used for the pilot study. 4 different temporal scale of SPI-3, 6, 9, and 12-were tested, and PET was calculated using Thornthwaite method. To calculate NDVI, the surface spectral reflectance data, which was acquired by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) equipped on Terra satellite, were used. As a result, there was a statistically significant relationship between SPI9 and the WUR during drought period in which negative values of SPI9 occurred. Besides, the WUR was strongly correlated with both PET and NDVI. Comparing to SPI, the variability of WUR in this study area was more sensitively affected by PET and NDVI which can cause potential lack of agricultural water supply. Based on the finding of this study, it implies that SPI9, PET, and NDVI are the critical factors for predicting water withdrawal during drought conditions so that they can be used for the irrigational water use management. Although the findings of this study have been suggested by a few previous studies, this study has its novelty in quantifying those discussions using actual field observations of streamflow withdrawal for irrigation.
Nominalizations: Application of Grammatical Metaphor in the News Articles of Bangladesh-China Relations
Authors: Akanda Muhammad Anisur Rahman 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study, within the framework of Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar, aims to find out the types of nominalization and their functions in the news articles of Bangladesh-China relations. Bangladesh established the diplomatic relation with China on 4 October 1975. Since then the BSS has shown great interest in the relationship between the two countries. By combining the qualitative and quantitative methods, this paper includes 140 news articles from the BSS on the topic (1975-2016). Grammatical Metaphor Theory is applied to identify the specific functions of nominalization in the news articles, which are calculated by the Wordsmith Tools. The findings show that process nominalization is the top-highest frequently metaphor (40.3%), while circumstance nominalization is the second-highest metaphor (35.8%). Further, relator nominalization is the third-highest metaphor (14.2%), while quality nominalization is the fourth-highest metaphor (8.4%). The lowest nominalization is entity nominalization, which is only 1.4%. The findings also show that process nominalization can increase the level of objectivity and conciseness of Bangladesh-China relations. By contrast, quality nominalization can increase the distance between the readers and the editors. Relator and entity nominalizations are rarely used in the news articles of the BSS. Further, practical implications are drawn for the readers about the function of nominalization in the news articles, which are concise, objective, and formal. Therefore, this paper will be helpful for those, who are interested in the study of the relations between Bangladesh and China.
Historic Grazing Enhances Root-Foraging Plasticity and Assimilation But Not Absorbability For Nitrogen of Clonal Offspring in Leymus Chinensis
Authors: Li Xiliang , Hu Ningning , Yin Jingjing , Ren Weibo , Fry Ellen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Aims Plants with a history of overgrazing show trait-mediated legacy effects. These legacy effects strongly influence growth dynamics and stress tolerance of grassland plants, thus impacting ecosystem functioning. Long-term overgrazing has strong effects on plant growth and carbon assimilation via asexual propagation. However, the links between nitrogen (N) cycling and grazing-induced plant legacy effects are largely unknown.Methods We tested the strength of legacy effects of long-term overgrazing on N metabolism in the clonal plant Leymus chinensis, and its associated changes at the physiological and molecular levels. These tests were conducted in both field and greenhouse experiments.Results The clonal offspring of overgrazed L. chinensis were significantly smaller than the control offspring, with lower individual N uptake and N utilization efficiency, indicating that the N dynamics were impacted by plant legacy effects. The response ratios of root traits to N patches in the clonal offspring of overgrazed L. chinensis were significantly higher than those of the control, indicating that root nutrient foraging plasticity increased to cope with grazing-induced N heterogeneity. Moreover, the observed plant legacy effects slightly decreased N absorbability in roots but significantly increased N assimilation capacity, by increasing N resorption efficiency in particular, with biotic stress memory activated at the enzymatic and transcriptional levels.Conclusions We propose that multigenerational exposure of perennial plants to herbivore foraging can produce a legacy effect on nutrient uptake, which offers insights into the potential resilience of grasslands to overgrazing.
Role of Nickel Doping on Magnetocaloric Properties of La0.7Sr0.3Mn1-xNixO3&nbsp;Manganites
Authors: Çetin Selda Kılıç , Akça Gönül , Aslan Mehmet Selim , Ekicibil Ahmet 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study reports the effect of Ni substitution for Mn on structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 manganite synthesized by sol-gel technique. The structural, morphological and magnetic properties are investigated using x-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) systems. XRD results showed that all samples crystallize in rhombohedral structure. Thermomagnetic measurements showed that TC decreases with the addition of Ni from 363 K for x = 0.00 to 324 K for x = 0.06. ΔSM determined by Maxwell’s relations and Landau theory gave compatible results in the transition temperature and region above. ΔSMmax values were determined as 4.52, 4.51, 4.41 and 3.90 Jkg-1K-1 for x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06 at 5T, respectively. The Arrott plots and the scaling analysis of ΔSM, which collapsed on a single curve, showed that magnetic transitions are second order.
Redox-induced Mobilization of Rare Earth Elements in Musa Estuary Sediment, Southwest of Iran
Authors: Madadi Reyhane , Saeedi Mohsen , Karbassi Abdolreza 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In aquatic environments, metals tend to sink into sedimentary beds, but under different redox conditions they might be released to the water column. Oxic and anoxic microcosm experiments were conducted using an automatic microcosm apparatus to investigate how redox potential (Eh) affects the release of rare earth elements (REEs) in an estuary sediment sample. Results indicated that REEs mobility increases in both oxic and anoxic conditions although the average amount of REEs mobilization was higher in oxic conditions than anoxic conditions. Lu and Sm were the most mobile elements while Ce showed the lowest amount of release. REEs release is influenced by a mix of controlling factors including dissolution of Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides, low pH condition, and increase in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) under anoxic condition. An increase in Eh caused a decreasing pH from 8.08 to 6.80 and increasing DOC from 18.93 to 425 mg/l which resulted in the release of REEs. Enrichment factors (EFs) revealed that Musa estuary is threatened with Ce, Dy, La, Nd, Pr, and Sm. The high ecotoxicology effects of soluble REEs calling for potential environmental risks in Musa estuary.