bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurements of the relative permeability to CO2‐and‐brine multiphase fluid of Paaratte formation at near‐reservoir conditions
Authors: Huang Pengyu , Shen Luming , Gan Yixiang , Shen Yinjie , Du Dongxing , Yu Bowei , Maggi Federico , El‐Zein Abbas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCO2 sequestration in deep saline aquifers is a promising method to reduce atmospheric CO2. The on‐going CO2CRC Otway project aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of large‐scale CO2 storage in deep saline formations and to develop new monitoring technologies in Australia. The relative permeability curves are essential for predicting the movements of CO2 and estimate residual trapping in the aquifer during and after injection through numerical simulations. However, studies of relative permeability curves for the Paaratte sandstone at the in situ conditions are limited. In addition, different rock types in the Paaratte formation can behave differently when CO2 displaces brine. This work reports four relative permeability experiments of CO2/brine systems using the unsteady‐state core flooding method for different types of rock collected from various depths of Paaratte formations at near‐reservoir conditions. The relative permeability results calculated from the analytical Johnson, Bossler, and Naumann (JBN) method and the numerical history matching method are compared. The JBN method does not calculate the relative permeability accurately for CO2/brine systems due to the assumptions of incompressible flow, since the CO2 relative permeability results calculated from the JBN method are similar for all the cases. The history matching results show that the brine (water) relative permeability of the core samples with a high fraction of macropores is similar to the measurements for Paaratte formation reported in the literature over a large range of brine (water) saturation. In contrast, the brine relative permeability of the core samples with a high fraction of micropores is considerably higher than that of the core samples with macropores, suggesting better connectivity for the samples with a high fraction of micropores. The new findings will be useful in reservoir‐scale numerical modelings of the Paaratte formation to more accurately predict the movement of CO2 during and after the injection. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of injection well operation conditions on CO2storage capacity in deep saline aquifers
Authors: Abdelaal Mohamed , Zeidouni Mehdi , Duncan Ian J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFor large‐scale CO2geological storage (CGS) in deep saline aquifers, storing maximum possible amounts of CO2over the project period is desirable. The ultimate storage capacity of a potential storage site is evidently a function of the static formation characteristics (e.g., formation porosity and thickness). However, it can be dramatically changed by the injectivity variations caused by the dynamic practices utilized during CO2injection. Proper management of a CGS project implies operating the injection well at the optimal well operating condition or injection scheme that ensure optimal injectivity and hence improved ultimate storage capacity. Practically, the operating condition of the injection well is partly controlled by the amount of CO2supplied by the emission source (e.g., power plant), which results in inevitable fluctuations/shut‐downs during the operation. In this work, we investigate the effect of different operating conditions of the injection well on the injectivity and the ultimate storage capacity of the aquifer. With CO2injected continuously or intermittently, constant terminal‐rate and constant terminal‐pressure well operating conditions are studied. Next, we provide a simple net‐present value (NPV) analysis to evaluate the economic feasibility of adopting different injection schemes. The results are applied to a synthetic CGS project with injection history to investigate their implications. Finally, we present a sensitivity analysis to test the effect of varying the injection rate, the vertical permeability, and the formation dip angle on the dynamic storage capacity. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developing successful assumed autonomy‐based initiatives: An attention‐based view
Authors: Cavanagh Andrew , Kalfadellis Paul , Freeman Susan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractResearch SummaryAdopting the attention‐based view of the firm as our principal theoretical lens, we explore the mechanisms by which subsidiaries attract or avoid headquarters attention in developing successful assumed autonomy‐based initiatives. To this end, our study utilizes qualitative data from subsidiary and headquarters perspectives in a multiple case study design. Our study reveals that subsidiaries first engage in non‐disclosure of assumed autonomy‐based initiatives to avoid negative headquarters attention. We then highlight the way in which subsidiaries undertake initiative selling to attract positive headquarters attention; in particular, we identify the unique selling criteria of demonstrable financial success and corporate alignment. Finally, we reveal the importance of timing in balancing the competing dual requirements of non‐disclosure and initiative selling.Managerial SummaryOur paper aims to explore the mechanisms by which subsidiaries attract or avoid attention from headquarters, to ensure that their proactive, autonomous actions facilitate the attainment of an extended role within the MNE. We highlight three mechanisms as especially important here for subsidiary managers. First, we reveal that subsidiaries initially engage in “non‐disclosure” of these actions to avoid negative headquarters attention. Second, we discover that subsidiaries ultimately look to demonstrate the financial success and corporate alignment of their autonomous actions. Finally, we emphasize the importance of timing in balancing the requirements of non‐disclosure and the “selling” of the subsidiary's actions to headquarters.
Altered basal forebrain BOLD signal variability at rest in posttraumatic stress disorder: A potential candidate vulnerability mechanism for neurodegeneration in PTSD
Authors: Olivé Isadora , Makris Nikos , Densmore Maria , McKinnon Margaret C. , Lanius Ruth A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIndividuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at increased risk for the development of various forms of dementia. Nevertheless, the neuropathological link between PTSD and neurodegeneration remains unclear. Degeneration of the human basal forebrain constitutes a pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In this seed‐based resting‐state (rs‐)fMRI study identifying as outcome measure the temporal BOLD signal fluctuation magnitude, a seed‐to‐voxel analyses assessed temporal correlations between the average BOLD signal within a bilateral whole basal forebrain region‐of‐interest and each whole‐brain voxel among individuals with PTSD (n = 65), its dissociative subtype (PTSD+DS) (n = 38) and healthy controls (n = 46). We found that compared both with the PTSD and healthy controls groups, the PTSD+DS group exhibited increased BOLD signal variability within two nuclei of the seed region, specifically in its extended amygdaloid region: the nucleus accumbens and the sublenticular extended amygdala. This finding is provocative, because it mimics staging models of neurodegenerative diseases reporting allocation of neuropathology in early disease stages circumscribed to the basal forebrain. Here, underlying candidate etiopathogenetic mechanisms are neurovascular uncoupling, decreased connectivity in local‐ and large‐scale neural networks, or disrupted mesolimbic dopaminergic circuitry, acting indirectly upon the basal forebrain cholinergic pathways. These abnormalities may underpin reward‐related deficits representing a putative link between persistent traumatic memory in PTSD and anterograde memory deficits in neurodegeneration. Observed alterations of the basal forebrain in the dissociative subtype of PTSD point towards the urgent need for further exploration of this region as a potential candidate vulnerability mechanism for neurodegeneration in PTSD.
The structural and functional connectivity neural underpinnings of body image
Authors: Moayedi Massieh , Noroozbahari Nasim , Hadjis Georgia , Themelis Kristy , Salomons Tim V. , Newport Roger , S. Lewis Jennifer 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHow we perceive our bodies is fundamental to our self‐consciousness and our experience in the world. There are two types of interrelated internal body representations—a subjective experience of the position of a limb in space (body schema) and the subjective experience of the shape and size of the limb (body image). Body schema has been extensively studied, but there is no evidence of the brain structure and network dynamics underpinning body image. Here, we provide the first evidence for the extrastriate body area (EBA), a multisensory brain area, as the structural and functional neural substrate for body shape and size. We performed a multisensory finger‐stretch illusion that elongated the index finger. EBA volume and functional connectivity to the posterior parietal cortex are both related to the participants' susceptibility to the illusion. Taken together, these data suggest that EBA structure and connectivity encode body representation and body perception disturbances.
Extracellular Signal‐Regulated Kinase 5 Regulates the Malignant Phenotype of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Gentilini Alessandra , Lori Giulia , Caligiuri Alessandra , Raggi Chiara , Di Maira Giovanni , Pastore Mirella , Piombanti Benedetta , Lottini Tiziano , Arcangeli Annarosa , Madiai Stefania , Navari Nadia , Banales Jesus M. , Di Matteo Sabina , Alvaro Domenico , Duwe Lea , Andersen Jesper B. , Tubita Alessandro , Tusa Ignazia , Di Tommaso Luca , Campani Claudia , Rovida Elisabetta , Marra Fabio 
Published: May 2021

Background and Aims
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is characterized by high resistance to chemotherapy and poor prognosis. Several oncogenic pathways converge on activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), whose role in CCA has not been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ERK5 in the biology of CCA.

Approach and Results
ERK5 expression was detected in two established (HuCCT‐1 and CCLP‐1) and two primary human intrahepatic CCA cell lines (iCCA58 and iCCA60). ERK5 phosphorylation was increased in CCA cells exposed to soluble mediators. In both HuCCT‐1 and CCLP‐1 cells, ERK5 was localized in the nucleus, and exposure to fetal bovine serum (FBS) further increased the amount of nuclear ERK5. In human CCA specimens, ERK5 mRNA expression was increased in tumor cells and positively correlated with portal invasion. ERK5 protein levels were significantly associated with tumor grade. Growth, migration, and invasion of CCA cells were decreased when ERK5 was silenced using specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA). The inhibitory effects on CCA cell proliferation, migration and invasion were recapitulated by treatment with small molecule inhibitors targeting ERK5. In addition, expression of the angiogenic factors VEGF and angiopoietin 1 was reduced after ERK5 silencing. Conditioned medium from ERK5‐silenced cells had a lower ability to induce tube formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells and to induce migration of myofibroblasts and monocytes/macrophages. In mice, subcutaneous injection of CCLP‐1 cells silenced for ERK5 resulted in less frequent tumor development and smaller size of xenografts compared with cells transfected with nontargeting shRNA.

Conclusions
ERK5 is a key mediator of growth and migration of CCA cells and supports a protumorigenic crosstalk between the tumor and the microenvironment.
Intuition, the Accimap, and the question “why?” Identifying and classifying higher‐order factors contributing to road traffic collisions
Authors: McIlroy Rich C. , Plant Katherine L. , Stanton Neville A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlthough the physical and environmental factors contributing to road traffic collisions are often the most straightforward to identify, they may not necessarily be the most useful in terms of guiding road safety intervention design. From a sociotechnical systems perspective, it is the higher system factors that, if addressed, would provide the widest‐reaching benefits to system outcomes. That said, the identification of these higher‐order factors often requires a level of intuition or imagination; they are not always objectively obvious given the facts of a particular case. Here, we argue for the use of the Accimap approach to accident (or collision) analysis, supplemented with a modified version of the five whys causal analysis technique, for the support and structuring of this intuiting process. We use an analysis of a fatal motorcycle collision to illustrate how coroners in the United Kingdom could be supported in their task of identifying and summarizing factors in accordance with the levels of the Accimap, and according to a categorization scheme indicating how abstract those factors are (i.e., immediate, proximal, or distal). Our analysis identified 21 immediate, 12 proximal, and 33 distal factors contributing to the collision. It is these distal factors that are most likely to lead to longer‐term road safety improvements.
Droplets and aerosols: An artificial dichotomy in respiratory virus transmission
Authors: Drossinos Yannis , Weber Thomas P. , Stilianakis Nikolaos I. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the medical literature, three mutually non‐exclusive modes of pathogen transmission associated with respiratory droplets are usually identified: contact, droplet, and airborne (or aerosol) transmission. The demarcation between droplet and airborne transmission is often based on a cut‐off droplet diameter, most commonly 5 μm. We argue here that the infectivity of a droplet, and consequently the transmissivity of the virus, as a function of droplet size is a continuum, depending on numerous factors (gravitational settling rate, transport, and dispersion in a turbulent air jet, viral load and viral shedding, virus inactivation) that cannot be adequately characterized by a single droplet diameter. We propose instead that droplet and aerosol transmission should be replaced by a unique airborne transmission mode, to be distinguished from contact transmission.
A concise review on factors influencing the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation main outcomes
Authors: Rafiee Mohammad , Abbasi Mohammad , Rafieemehr Hassan , Mirzaeian Amin , Barzegar Mohieddin , Amiri Vahid , Shahsavan Shaghayegh , Mohammadi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsAs a curative procedure, hematopoietic stemcell transplantation (HSCT) is an approved treatment for many malignant orbenign hematologic and non‐hematologic diseases. There are different outcomes of HSCT, as well as several parameters influencing these outcomes.MethodsWe had searched scientific sources like Web ofScience and PubMed with a combination of keywords such as HSCT, engraftment,survival, outcomes, etc. Totally, 80 articles were included.ResultsHere we have reviewed the effective factors onmain outcomes of HSCT including engraftment, survival, graft versus hostdisease, and Mobilization. Also, the prediction of hematological reconstitutionand some novel suggestions leading to better outcomes are reviewed.ConclusionThe study will be applicable for improvedmanagement of autologous and allogeneic HSCT process to increase the procedureefficiency.
Fifty‐eight years and counting of watershed science at the Caspar Creek Experimental Watersheds in northern California
Authors: Richardson Paul W. , Seehafer Jayme E. , Keppeler Elizabeth T. , Sutherland Diane G. , Wagenbrenner Joseph W. , Bladon Kevin D. , Dymond Salli F. , Cole Ryan P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Caspar Creek Experimental Watersheds are the site of a long‐term paired watershed study in the northern Coast Ranges of California. The watersheds are predominately forested with coast redwood and Douglas‐fir. Old‐growth forest was logged between 1860 and 1904. Two harvesting experiments have been completed since then and a third experiment is currently underway. Caspar Creek data are split into three phases corresponding to three experiments: Phase 1 (1962–1985) reports on a selection harvest (1971–1973) and initial recovery in the South Fork watershed; Phase 2 (1985–2017) includes clearcut harvesting of ~50% of the North Fork watershed (1985–1992) and recovery; and Phase 3 (2017 onward) corresponds to a second selection harvest in the South Fork watershed with a range of subwatershed harvest intensities (2017–2019) and recovery. All three experiments included harvest‐related road‐building and relied primarily on measurements of streamflow and sediment delivery from both treated and reference watersheds. Major findings include modest increases in post‐harvest peak flows and cumulative flow volumes, post‐harvest low flows that initially increased and then decreased 12 to 15 years after harvesting, and the consequences of different yarding techniques and road design on sediment yields. Some of the data for Phase 1 and Phase 2 are available in a USDA Forest Service online archive. The archived data include precipitation, streamflow, suspended sediment concentrations, turbidity, accumulated weir pond sediment volumes, bedload transport rates, water stable isotope data, and geospatial data. Archiving activities are ongoing. Phase 3 data are currently being collected and will be archived after a post‐harvest monitoring period.
Dupilumab rapidly improves asthma control in predominantly anti‐IL5/IL5R pretreated Austrian real‐life severe asthmatics
Authors: Renner Andreas , Marth Katharina , Patocka Karin , Idzko Marco , Pohl Wolfgang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDupilumab is a monoclonal antibody against the IL‐4 receptor alpha which has shown efficacy in T2 high severe asthmatics in phase 3 randomized controlled trials. The purpose of this real‐life study is to demonstrate the real‐life effectiveness of dupilumab in Austrian severe asthma patients. We retrospectively analyzed all patients receiving dupilumab at our severe asthma clinic. Thirteen patients have so far received dupilumab at our center. The primary outcome, asthma control questionnaire 6‐item scale at 2 weeks, improved by 0.57 points (p = .014), which is statistically and clinically significant. Similarly, the asthma control test at 4 weeks improved by 3.91 points (p = .024), also statistically and clinically significant. Improvements in forced expiratory volume in 1 s at 2 weeks were neither statistically, nor clinically significant. Improvements at 4 weeks (+220 ml, p = .041), and 3 months (+229 ml, p = .006), were statistically significant and clinically borderline significant. No severe adverse events or hypereosinophilia were observed. No adverse events led to treatment discontinuation. Most patients (85%) had previously received monoclonal antibody treatment for severe asthma. Previous monoclonal antibody treatment had been discontinued in these patients due to a lack of clinical response. Dupilumab is effective and safe in Austrian real‐life severe asthmatics. It provides a possible treatment strategy for T2 high severe asthmatics who do not qualify for anti‐immunoglobulin E or anti‐IL5/IL5R monoclonal antibody treatments or do not adequately respond to these.
Layered double hydroxide‐based photocatalytic materials toward renewable solar fuels production
Authors: Bian Xuanang , Zhang Shuai , Zhao Yunxuan , Shi Run , Zhang Tierui 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPhotocatalysis is an ideal and promising green technology to drive numerous chemical reactions for valued chemicals production under very mild conditions, thereby providing solutions to global energy and environment issues related to burning fossil fuels. Over the past decade, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), as the members in two‐dimensional materials family, have attracted much attention due to their many advantages in photocatalysis, such as facile synthesis, low cost and powerful tunability of composition. In this review, we provide a synthetic overview of recent research advances of LDH‐based photocatalysts, with the main discussion of the design strategies to improve their photocatalytic performance, including component control, defect engineering, hybridization, and topological transformation. Structure‐performance correlations and tailor‐made material synthesis strategies are elaborated to discuss how to realize high‐performance LDH‐based photocatalysts for three important reactions (i.e., water splitting, CO2 conversion, and N2 reduction) to generate desirable solar fuels. Further, the remaining challenges and future perspectives of LDH‐based photocatalysts are summed up, aiming to inspire brand new solutions for pushing forward the development of LDH‐based photocatalysis.image
Dealing with fracture repair complications in cats and dogs
Authors: Farrell Mike 
Published: May 2021

Background: Fracture repair complications have a significant impact on patient welfare. They are emotionally and financially costly to deal with, especially because many complications are triggered by the vet's own questionable decisions or failure to observe critical surgical principles.Aim of the article: Using a case‐based approach, this article illustrates the common causes of fracture complications. Typical sources of surgeon bias are discussed, as well as techniques to promote objective planning and optimal aftercare. It also summarises the treatment principles for typical mechanical and biological fracture complications.
Glucose‐regulated protein (GRP78) is an important cell surface receptor for viral invasion, cancers, and neurological disorders
Authors: Gonzalez‐Gronow Mario , Gopal Udhayakumar , Austin Richard C. , Pizzo Salvatore V. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe 78 kDa glucose‐regulated protein (GRP78) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐resident molecular chaperone. GRP78 is a member of the 70 kDa heat shock family of proteins involved in correcting and clearing misfolded proteins in the ER. In response to cellular stress, GRP78 escapes from the ER and moves to the plasma membrane where it (a) functions as a receptor for many ligands, and (b) behaves as an autoantigen for autoantibodies that contribute to human disease and cancer. Cell surface GRP78 (csGRP78) associates with the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC‐I), and is the port of entry for several viruses, including the predictive binding of the novel SARS‐CoV‐2. Furthermore, csGRP78 is found in association with partners as diverse as the teratocarcinoma‐derived growth factor 1 (Cripto), the melanocortin‐4 receptor (MC4R) and the DnaJ‐like protein MTJ‐1. CsGRP78 also serves as a receptor for a large variety of ligands including activated α2‐macroglobulin (α2M*), plasminogen kringle 5 (K5), microplasminogen, the voltage‐dependent anion channel (VDAC), tissue factor (TF), and the prostate apoptosis response‐4 protein (Par‐4). In this review, we discuss the mechanisms involved in the translocation of GRP78 from the ER to the cell surface, and the role of secreted GRP78 and its autoantibodies in cancer and neurological disorders.