bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a wide-angle compound eye acoustic lens system suitable for multi-user underwater acoustic communication
Authors: Sato Yuji , Ebihara Tadashi , Mizutani Koichi , Wakatsuki Naoto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Mobile underwater acoustic (UWA) communication is expected to enable advanced, efficient, and reliable underwater exploration. However, crosstalk among terminals occurs when multiple vehicles emit signals at the same time. In this paper, we propose a UWA lens that has the potential to achieve space-division multiple access by avoiding crosstalk between signals that come from a different angle. Specifically, we used wave theory to design a wide-angle compound eye lens and a hydrophone array geometrically. The two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method was used to calculate wave propagation. Multi-user communication using a single-carrier scheme (two sources emit the signal simultaneously) was simulated with the designed lens system. The communication method with the lens system showed superior performance to that without the lens system. Additionally, the performance was improved by inserting partitions between lens segments.
Effect of focal spot scanning method in agarose gel and chicken breast on heating efficiency in cavitation-enhanced ultrasonic heating
Authors: Ueda Kohei , Ito Sayaka , Umemura Shin-ichiro , Yoshizawa Shin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment is a non-invasive method of cancer treatment. In a HIFU treatment, ultrasound is focused on a target tumor tissue leading to temperature rise that coagulates the tissue. The treatment has a problem of long treatment time because a tumor is usually larger than the focal spot of HIFU. To reduce the treatment time, cavitation bubbles can be used for accelerating ultrasonic heating. Additionally, the heat conducting away from a focal spot can be utilized by properly scanning the focus. In this study, three sequences of scanning the focus to form six foci were compared by observing cavitation bubbles and measuring temperature rise in an excised chicken breast tissue and an agarose gel as well as a thin slice of tissue sandwiched between agarose gels. The results showed that there were differences in the behavior of bubbles and the efficient sequence between the tissue and the gel.
Realizing forming-free characteristic by doping Ag into HfO2-based RRAM
Authors: Wu Chung-Wei , Lin Chun-Chu , Chen Po-Hsun , Chang Ting-Chang , Zhou Kuan-Ju , Chen Wen-Chung , Tan Yung-Fang , Yeh Yu-Hsuan , Chou Sheng-Yao , Huang Hui-Chun , Tsai Tsung-Ming , Sze Simon M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work, Ag-doped HfO2-based resistive random access memory (RRAM) with high on-off ratio, low-power consumption and forming-free properties was investigated. We propose the fabrication flow of the RRAM with via-hole structure. After doping Ag into HfO2 as the switching layer, the devices could execute resistive switching without a high-voltage forming process. The conduction mechanism was subsequently validated by a current fitting analysis. Electric field simulation was also utilized to observe the electric field distribution and finally a physical model was proposed to provide an explanation for the formation and dissolution of the filament.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibition as a Strategy in the Neoadjuvant Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Hanna Catherine R. , O'Cathail Séan M. , Graham Janet , Adams Richard , Roxburgh Campbell S.D. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThe treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) has seen major advances over the past 3 decades, with multimodality treatment now standard of care. Combining surgical resection with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy can reduce local recurrence from around 20% to approximately 5%. Despite improvements in local control, distant recurrence and subsequent survival rates have not changed. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved patient outcomes in several solid tumor types in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and advanced disease setting; however, in colorectal cancer, most clinical trials have been performed in the metastatic setting and the benefits confined to microsatellite instability–high tumors. In this article, we review the current preclinical and clinical evidence for using immune checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of LARC and discuss the rationale for specifically exploring the use of this therapy in the neoadjuvant setting. We summarize and discuss relevant clinical trials that are currently in setup and recruiting to test this treatment strategy and reflect on unanswered questions that still need to be addressed within future research efforts.
Revitalisasi dan Perubahan Fungsi Sastra Lisan dalam Komunitas Srandul Suketeki
Authors: Widihastuti Rahma Ari 
Published: March 2021

<p><strong>Perkembangan jaman mengakibatkan semakin tergerus dan tergusurnya sastra lisan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Kesenian-kesenian modern berhasil menggantikan posisi kesenian tradisional termasuk sastra lisan <em>srandul</em>. Perkembangan dan improvisasi adalah salah satu cara yang ditempuh untuk menyelamatkan sastra lisan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui revitalisasi dalam upaya pelestarian <em>srandul</em> khususnya komunitas <em>Srandul</em> <em>Suketeki</em> dan perubahan fungsi dalam sastra lisan <em>srandul</em>. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dan metode etnografi serta menggunakan teori sastra lisan yang dikemukakan Ruth Finnegan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa revitalisasi dalam kesenian <em>srandul</em> Komunitas <em>Suketeki</em> dilakukan dalam tiga segi:1) <em>composition</em> (penciptaan), <em>transmission</em> (pewarisan), dan <em>performance </em>(pertunjukkan). Sesuai pendapat Finnegan ketiga hal tersebut dijaga agar tetap menjadi ciri agar <em>srandul</em> Komunitas <em>Suketeki</em> tetap menjadi sastra lisan. Perubahan fungsi yang muncul akibat adanya revitalisasi adalah fungsi awal sastra lisan <em>srandul</em> yang pada mulanya sebagai penyebar dakwah islam, menjadi hiburan, dan saat ini menjadi sarana kritik terutama pada kebijakan pemerintah.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keyword -</em></strong><em> Perubahan Fungsi, Sastra Lisan, Revitalisasi, Srandul suketeki</em><em></em></p>
Want to become a global leader? here are the holistic skills you need to develop
Authors: Fin Majlergaard Dr. Finn Majlergaard 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

We live in a world where climate change, sustainability, human rights, cultural inclusion, and new technologies are on the agenda alongside traditional economic factors. We, therefore, need leaders who have that holistic outreach. They only get that if we change the traditional leadership education to reflect the new reality, we live in.
Ontologization of ethics in the traditional worldview of the Khakass
Authors: Анжиганова Л.В. 
Published: March 2021

В статье рассмотрены основные аспекты онтологизации этики в традиционном мировоззрении этноса (космоцентрические, социоцентрические, эгоцентрические). На материалах хакасского фольклора показано, что нормы морали возникли в процессе одновременного сотворения природы, общества и человека, и именно поэтому они носят онтологический и экологический характер. Сохранение целостности, благополучия и полноты рода и народа в целом — зона ответственности каждого человека, залог его вечной жизни. Для традиционного мировоззрения хакасов особую ценностью представляла не столько индивидуальная жизнь, сколько коллективная цель — сохранение гармонии и полноты бытия. Это возможно при сохранении человеком чистоты мысли, чувства, слова, поступка. Строгая упорядоченность общества препятствовала проявлениям экзистенциального вакуума: человек в традиционном обществе обладал позитивным мировоззрением, что способствовало позитивной деятельности, ориентированной на творчество.
The article deals with the main aspects of the ontologization of ethics in the traditional worldview of an ethnic group (cosmocentric, sociocentric, egocentric). Based on the materials of Khakass folklore, it is shown that the norms of morality arose in the process of simultaneous creation of nature, society and man, and that is why they are ontological and ecological in nature. The preservation of the integrity, well-being and completeness of the family and the people as a whole is the responsibility of each person, the guarantee of his eternal life. For the traditional worldview of the Khakass, the special value was not so much individual life as the collective goal — the preservation of harmony and fullness of being. This is possible if a person preserves the purity of thought, feeling, word, and deed. The strict orderliness of society prevented the manifestations of an existential vacuum: a person in a traditional society had a positive worldview, which contributed to positive activities focused on creativity.
The role of school and university management in the career guidance of students to pedagogical specialties
Authors: Субанов Т.Т. , Кошуева К.Б. 
Published: March 2021

Труд — сущность человеческой жизни, с ним связаны счастье и самореализация. Вслед за Н.К. Крупской авторы уверены, что верный выбор профессии приводит к возникновению интереса к труду. Если профессия не интересна, то человек может обесценить ее, снизить уровень заинтересованности других, а его собственные результаты труда будут неудовлетворительными. Часть выпускников педагогичеcких специальностей не работают по профессии. На это влияет не только низкий материальный стимул, тяжелые условия работы труда учителя, но и отсутствие у некоторых выпускников любви к профессии. Реформа высших и средних педагогических учебных заведений, предпринятая в Кыргызской Республике, призвана изменить ситуацию.
Labor is the essence of human life, happiness and self-realization being associated with. Following N.K. Krupskaya, the authors believe that the right choice of profession leads to the emergence of interest in work. If the profession is not interesting, then a person can devalue it, reduce the level of interest of others, and his own work results will be unsatisfactory. Some graduates of pedagogical specialties do not work in the professional field. This is influenced not only by the low financial incentive, or hard labor conditions, but also by the lack of love for the profession among some graduates. The reform of higher and secondary pedagogical educational institutions undertaken in the Kyrgyz Republic is designed to change the situation.
Green Bank Telescope Observations of 3He+: Planetary Nebulae
Authors: Bania T. M. , Balser Dana S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We use the Green Bank Telescope to search for 3He+ emission from a sample of four Galactic planetary nebulae: NGC 3242, NGC 6543, NGC 6826, and NGC 7009. During the era of primordial nucleosynthesis, the light elements 2H, 3He, 4He, and 7Li were produced in significant amounts, and these abundances have since been modified primarily by stars. Observations of 3He+ in H ii regions located throughout the Milky Way disk reveal very little variation in the 3He/H abundance ratio—the “3He Plateau”—indicating that the net effect of 3He production in stars is negligible. This is in contrast to much higher 3He/H abundance ratios reported for some planetary nebulae. This discrepancy is known as the “3He Problem.” We use radio recombination lines observed simultaneously with the 3He+ transition to make a robust assessment of the spectral sensitivity that these observations achieve. We detect spectral lines at ∼1–2 mK intensities, but at these levels, instrumental effects compromise our ability to measure accurate spectral line parameters. We do not confirm reports of previous detections of 3He+ in NGC 3242 nor do we detect 3He+ emission from any of our sources. This result calls into question all reported detections of 3He+ emission from any planetary nebula. The 3He/H abundance upper limit we derive here for NGC 3242 is inconsistent with standard stellar production of 3He and thus requires that some type of extra-mixing process operates in low-mass stars.
A New Method for Simulating Photoprocesses in Astrochemical Models
Authors: Mullikin Ella , Anderson Hannah , O’Hern Natalie , Farrah Megan , Arumainayagam Christopher R. , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Gerakines Perry A. , Vasyunin Anton I. , Majumdar Liton , Caselli Paola , Shingledecker Christopher N. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We propose a new model for treating solid-phase photoprocesses in interstellar ice analogs. In this approach, photoionization and photoexcitation are included in more detail, and the production of electronically excited (suprathermal) species is explicitly considered. In addition, we have included nonthermal, nondiffusive chemistry to account for the low-temperature characteristic of cold cores. As an initial test of our method, we have simulated two previous experimental studies involving the UV irradiation of pure solid O2. In contrast to previous solid-state astrochemical model calculations, which have used gas-phase photoabsorption cross-sections, we have employed solid-state cross-sections in our calculations. This method allows the model to be tested using well-constrained experiments rather than poorly constrained gas-phase abundances in interstellar medium regions. Our results indicate that inclusion of nonthermal reactions and suprathermal species allows for reproduction of low-temperature solid-phase photoprocessing that simulates interstellar ices within cold (∼10 K) dense cores such as TMC-1.
The Clusters Hiding in Plain Sight (CHiPS) Survey: Complete Sample of Extreme BCG Clusters
Authors: Somboonpanyakul Taweewat , McDonald Michael , Gaspari Massimo , Stalder Brian , Stark Antony A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present optical follow-up observations for candidate clusters in the Clusters Hiding in Plain Sight survey, which is designed to find new galaxy clusters with extreme central galaxies that were misidentified as bright isolated sources in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey catalog. We identify 11 cluster candidates around X-ray, radio, and mid-IR-bright sources, including six well-known clusters, two false associations of foreground and background clusters, and three new candidates, which are observed further with Chandra. Of the three new candidates, we confirm two newly discovered galaxy clusters: CHIPS 1356-3421 and CHIPS 1911+4455. Both clusters are luminous enough to be detected in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey data if not because of their bright central cores. CHIPS 1911+4455 is similar in many ways to the Phoenix cluster, but with a highly disturbed X-ray morphology on large scales. We find the occurrence rate for clusters that would appear to be X-ray-bright point sources in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (and any surveys with similar angular resolution) to be 2% ± 1%, and the occurrence rate of clusters with runaway cooling in their cores to be <1%, consistent with predictions of chaotic cold accretion. With the number of new groups and clusters predicted to be found with eROSITA, the population of clusters that appear to be point sources (due to a central QSO or a dense cool core) could be around 2000. Finally, this survey demonstrates that the Phoenix cluster is likely the strongest cool core at z < 0.7—anything more extreme would have been found in this survey.
Prise en compte de la durée et de l’intensité du tabagisme dans l’estimation de la mortalité attribuable au tabac : une nouvelle méthode appliquée au cancer du poumon en France
Authors: Grignon Michel , Renaud Thomas , Guerrouche Karine 
Published: March 2021

La méthode canonique d’estimation de la mortalité attribuable au tabac ne prend en compte ni le nombre d’années durant lesquelles l’individu a fumé, ni le temps écoulé depuis l’arrêt le cas échéant. Elle ne permet donc pas de mettre en oeuvre des projections incluant des scénarios alternatifs de modification des comportements d’initiation ou d’arrêt du tabagisme. Cet article propose une nouvelle méthode qui combine, d’une part, les valeurs empiriques provenant de la littérature épidémiologique des effets de la durée (du tabagisme et depuis l’arrêt) sur la mortalité et, d’autre part, les distributions réelles de ces durées dans la population. Cette nouvelle méthode est plus coûteuse en données que la méthode canonique, notamment appliquée dans le cas du cancer du poumon en France en agrégeant des enquêtes transversales répétées (enquêtes « Baromètre Santé » de l’INPES de 1975 à 2010) pour créer des pseudo-cohortes. Selon ce modèle, la mortalité par cancer du poumon augmenterait de 50 % jusqu’en 2035, avant de se stabiliser. Les simulations montrent que diviser par deux le taux d’initiation chez les adolescents sauverait 20 500 vies au cours de la période 2010-2060, alors qu’un doublement du taux de cessation chez les adultes sauverait 53 000 vies sur la même période. Ce travail permet de quantifier l’intuition selon laquelle les interventions et politiques visant à augmenter le sevrage sauveraient plus de vies à moyen terme que celles visant à prévenir l’initiation.
Football et littérature contemporaine. Où sont les femmes ? Poule D (2014) de Yamina Benahmed Daho ou l’immersion dans le monde du football au féminin
Authors: Gaucher Julie , Legalle Julien 
Published: March 2021

Nous proposons de questionner l’un des seuls témoignages littéraires contemporains sur le football pratiqué par des femmes : Poule D de Yamina Benahmed Daho, publié en 2014. Ce roman retient particulièrement notre attention car il offre un témoignage intime d’une pratiquante écrivaine. Son regard personnel, mais aussi fictionnel, invite le lecteur ou la lectrice à pénétrer dans l’univers du football amateur au féminin. Dès lors, il s’agira de décrypter l’univers du football pratiqué par les femmes à travers la perspective de cette autrice, mais aussi de mettre en lumière les difficultés matérielles d’accès à la pratique. Alors que la littérature sportive connaît un plein essor depuis 10 ou 15 ans, nous tenterons également de comprendre la rareté de la figure romanesque de la joueuse de football. En effet, comment expliquer ce relatif silence alors que la pratique du football par les femmes est reconnue depuis 1970 par la Fédération Française de Football (FFF) et que la 8 e édition de la Coupe du monde féminine de football s’est déroulée en France en 2019 ? Notre approche empruntera à la sociopoétique. Nous recourrons également à l’interview de l’autrice afin de mieux comprendre les processus à l’œuvre dans l’écriture de ce roman. Enfin, une lecture genrée de Poule D nous permettra de mieux comprendre la portée de ce texte quant à l’histoire des femmes et plus spécifiquement du football au féminin.
Des femmes de l’ombre chez les hommes en noir : deux pionnières de l’arbitrage dans le football professionnel en France (1997-2019)
Authors: Chovaux Olivier 
Published: March 2021

Si l’histoire des arbitres constitue un nouveau champ de recherches dans une histoire du football ayant atteint l’âge de sa majorité, l’essentiel des travaux se décline pour le moment au masculin autant qu’il concerne les « athlètes de l’arbitrage », évoluant au plus haut niveau du monde professionnel. Par-delà ce parti pris historiographique, cette invisibilité tient avant tout à la sociologie d’un football qui demeure un bastion de la masculinité : au 30 juin 2017, la Fédération Française de Football (FFF) ne compte que 159 128 licenciées (toutes catégories d’âge et fonctions confondues) sur un total de 2,16 millions de licencié·es. En 2014, moins de 2 % des arbitres sont des femmes (682 sur 27 343). Au cours de la saison 2018-2019, seules Stéphanie Frappart et Manuela Nicolosi évoluent dans le championnat professionnel de Ligue 2, la première au centre, la seconde en tant qu’assistante. Les pionnières de l’arbitrage, à l’image de Corinne Lagrange, Ghislaine Labbé ou Nelly Viennot ne semblent guère avoir fait d’émules depuis le milieu des années 1990 : en dépit de récents plans de féminisation du football, le rectangle vert demeure un « plafond de verre ». Prolongeant des travaux très contemporains français ou étrangers, cet article se propose, par l’étude de deux parcours biographiques (Ghislaine Labbé et Stéphanie Frappart) d’observer à l’intervalle d’une génération, la place singulière occupée par ces femmes de l’ombre. La consultation de la presse sportive, des archives de la FFF et les entretiens conduits permettent de retracer leur trajectoire personnelle et sportive : en identifiant les facteurs ayant contribué à leur ascension puis leur maintien au sein de l’élite par la fabrication d’une expertise ; en examinant leur relation à l’institution, à leurs pairs et aux hommes lors des matchs ; en interrogeant par le jeu de la comparaison les singularités et traits communs de leur carrière respective. À ce titre, le fait que Stéphanie Frappart soit devenue la première femme à arbitrer un match de Ligue 1 le 28 avril 2019 semble plus avoir valeur de « symbole » (au moins dans son traitement médiatique) qu’il n’incarne une rupture véritable.
Turnover among Foreign Nurses in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alreshidi Nashi Masnad , Alrashidi Laila Mohammad , Alanazi Abdulrahman Nayir , Alshammeri Eida Habeeb 
Published: March 2021

Background Globally, nursing turnover has become a contemporary concern that significantly influences the financial proficiency of healthcare systems. Not only costs, but healthcare accessibility and quality also reverberate the consequence of the phenomenon. Design and methods The study explores the factors that attribute to turnover among foreign registered nurses working in Saudi Arabia. A quantitative-based cross-sectional descriptive study design that uses survey data to make statistical inferences about foreign nurse turnover in Saudi Arabia, was conducted to ascertain factors influencing the termination of foreign nurses working with the Ministry of Health (MOH) hospitals. Results Factors influencing turnover were categorized into 9 dimensions, professional growth and development, leadership style, management, wage and benefits, workload, interpersonal relationship, housing facilities and services, hospital facilities and intent to stay and turn-over intention, of which the professional growth (4.1±0.7) and development had the highest mean agreement scores (4.0±1.1), whereas housing (2.3±1.3) and hospital facilities (2.1±1.0) showed the lowest mean scores. Conclusions Wage benefits and workload factors were found to be the most significant causes of expatriate nursing turnover, closely followed by inadequate housing and hospital facilities. Recommendations from nursing staff on how to improve retention were also noted.