bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the light time correction in gravimetric missions like GRACE and GRACE follow-on
Authors: Yan Yihao , Müller Vitali , Heinzel Gerhard , Zhong Min 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe gravity field maps of the satellite gravimetry missions Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE ) and GRACE Follow-On are derived by means of precise orbit determination. The key observation is the biased inter-satellite range, which is measured primarily by a K-Band Ranging system (KBR) in GRACE and GRACE Follow-On. The GRACE Follow-On satellites are additionally equipped with a Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI), which provides measurements with lower noise compared to the KBR. The biased range of KBR and LRI needs to be converted for gravity field recovery into an instantaneous range, i.e. the biased Euclidean distance between the satellites’ center-of-mass at the same time. One contributor to the difference between measured and instantaneous range arises due to the nonzero travel time of electro-magnetic waves between the spacecraft. We revisit the calculation of the light time correction (LTC) from first principles considering general relativistic effects and state-of-the-art models of Earth’s potential field. The novel analytical expressions for the LTC of KBR and LRI can circumvent numerical limitations of the classical approach. The dependency of the LTC on geopotential models and on the parameterization is studied, and afterwards the results are compared against the LTC provided in the official datasets of GRACE and GRACE Follow-On. It is shown that the new approach has a significantly lower noise, well below the instrument noise of current instruments, especially relevant for the LRI, and even if used with kinematic orbit products. This allows calculating the LTC accurate enough even for the next generation of gravimetric missions.
Stereotactic Radiofrequency Ablation of Breast Cancer Liver Metastases: Short- and Long-Term Results with Predicting Factors for Survival
Authors: Schullian Peter , Johnston Edward , Laimer Gregor , Putzer Daniel , Eberle Gernot , Scharll Yannick , Ianetti-Hackl Claudia , Bale Reto 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate safety, local oncological control, long-term outcome and potential prognostic factors of stereotactic RFA (SRFA) for the treatment of BCLMs.

Methods
Between July 2003 and December 2019, 42 consecutive female patients with median age 54.0 years were treated with SRFA at our institution for 110 BCLMs in 48 ablation sessions. Median tumor size was 3.0 cm (0.8–9.0). Eighteen (42.9%) patients had extrahepatic metastasis at initial SRFA.

Results
Technical success rate was 100%, i.e., all coaxial needles were inserted with appropriate accuracy within 10 mm off plan and 107/110 (92.3%) BCLMs were successfully ablated at initial SRFA. Four Grade 1 (8.3%, 4/48) and one Grade 2 (2.1%, 1/48) complications occurred. No perioperative deaths occurred. Local recurrence developed in 8 of 110 tumors (7.3%). Overall survival (OS) rates of all patients at 1, 3, and 5 years from the date of the first SRFA were 84.1%, 49.3%, and 20.8% with a median OS of 32.3 months. Univariable cox regression analyses revealed age > 60 years and extrahepatic disease (without bone only metastases) as significant predictors of worse OS (p = 0.013 and 0.025, respectively). Size and number of metastases, hormone receptor status and time onset did not significantly affect OS after initial SRFA.

Conclusions
SRFA is a safe, minimally invasive treatment option in the management of BCLMs, especially in younger patients without advanced extrahepatic metastasis, including those with large liver tumors.
Endovascular Revascularization with Stent Implantation in Patients with Acute Mesenteric Ischemia due to Acute Arterial Thrombosis: Clinical Outcome and Predictive Factors
Authors: Pedersoli Federico , Schönau Kai , Schulze-Hagen Maximilian , Keil Sebastian , Isfort Peter , Gombert Alexander , Alizai Patrick Hamid , Kuhl Christiane K. , Bruners Philipp , Zimmermann Markus 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To determine 30-day-mortality rates and identify predictors for survival in patients undergoing endovascular revascularization for acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) due to occlusion of the celiac (CA) or superior mesenteric artery (SMA) from arterial thrombosis in the setting of atherosclerosis at the vessel origin.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective analysis on patients who underwent acute endovascular revascularization to treat AMI caused by thrombotic occlusion of the CA and/or SMA between January 2011 and December 2019 was conducted. 30-day-mortality rates were calculated. Univariate binomial logistic regression analyses (p < 0.05) were performed to assess whether the following factors were associated with 30-day mortality: sex, age, history of smoking, history of abdominal angina, signs of bowel necrosis on pre-interventional CT, one- vs. two-vessel disease, patency of the inferior mesenteric artery, outpatient or inpatient occurrence of ischemia, onset of AMI during ITU stay, elevated pre-interventional serum lactate levels, total leukocyte count, platelet/lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio.

Results
40 patients were included in this analysis. 30-day-mortality rate was 25/40 (62.5%). Median overall survival of patients who survived the first 30 days was 36 ± 18 months. None of the analyzed factors was statistically significantly associated with 30-day mortality.

Conclusion
Although mortality of patients with AMI due to acute arterial thrombosis remains high, almost 40% of patient who underwent emergent endovascular revascularization survived longer than one month. Since no predictors for the outcome in these patients were identified, all patients with AMI should be offered an immediate revascularization effort.
The detection of malingering in whiplash-related injuries: a targeted literature review of the available strategies
Authors: Monaro Merylin , Bertomeu Chema Baydal , Zecchinato Francesca , Fietta Valentina , Sartori Giuseppe , De Rosario Martínez Helios 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective
The present review is intended to provide an up-to-date overview of the strategies available to detect malingered symptoms following whiplash. Whiplash-associated disorders (WADs) represent the most common traffic injuries, having a major impact on economic and healthcare systems worldwide. Heterogeneous symptoms that may arise following whiplash injuries are difficult to objectify and are normally determined based on self-reported complaints. These elements, together with the litigation context, make fraudulent claims particularly likely. Crucially, at present, there is no clear evidence of the instruments available to detect malingered WADs.

Methods
We conducted a targeted literature review of the methodologies adopted to detect malingered WADs. Relevant studies were identified via Medline (PubMed) and Scopus databases published up to September 2020.

Results
Twenty-two methodologies are included in the review, grouped into biomechanical techniques, clinical tools applied to forensic settings, and cognitive-based lie detection techniques. Strengths and weaknesses of each methodology are presented, and future directions are discussed.

Conclusions
Despite the variety of techniques that have been developed to identify malingering in forensic contexts, the present work highlights the current lack of rigorous methodologies for the assessment of WADs that take into account both the heterogeneous nature of the syndrome and the possibility of malingering. We conclude that it is pivotal to promote awareness about the presence of malingering in whiplash cases and highlight the need for novel, high-quality research in this field, with the potential to contribute to the development of standardised procedures for the evaluation of WADs and the detection of malingering.
Influence of rebubbling on anterior segment parameters and refractive outcomes in eyes with DMEK for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy
Authors: Agha Bishr , Forster Raimund , Kohnen Thomas , Schmack Ingo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the potential impact of rebubbling on the anterior segment parameters and refractive outcomes in patients with graft detachment following uneventful DMEK for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (FED).

Methods
Retrospective institutional cohort study of comparing 34 eyes of 31 patients with rebubbling for graft detachment following Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) to 33 eyes of 28 patients with uneventful DMEK. Main outcome parameters were various corneal parameters obtained by Scheimpflug imaging, refractive outcome, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and endothelial cell density (ECD).

Results
Anterior and posterior corneal astigmatism, corneal densitometry, central corneal thickness, and anterior chamber depth and volume showed no significant differences. Preoperative distribution of astigmatism axis orientations showed a high proportion of anterior corneal with-the-rule astigmatism (71%) in eyes requiring rebubbling. Mean postoperative cylinder in the rebubbling group (1.21 ± 0.85 D) was significantly higher compared to the controls (p = 0.04), while differences in spherical equivalent (SE) were insignificant (p = 0.24). Postoperative CDVA was 0.11 ± 0.11 in the control group compared to 0.21 ± 0.17 in the rebubbling group (p = 0.03). Eyes with subsequent rebubbling demonstrated a significantly higher endothelial cell loss (56% versus 37%) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Apart from higher cylinder values, refractive outcome and corneal parameters assessed by Scheimpflug imaging were comparable in eyes with rebubbling and controls. However, a reduced visual acuity and an increased endothelial cell loss should be taken into consideration prior to rebubbling especially in eyes with circumscribed graft detachment.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in respiratory samples in children with neurodisability—to treat or not to treat?
Authors: Gregson Elizabeth , Thomas Lowri , Elphick Heather E 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe objective was to investigate the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in patients with complex neurodisability and current treatment practice in our centre in order to inform future guidelines. A retrospective case note review was undertaken at a tertiary children’s hospital. One hundred sixty-two patients (mean age 11.7 years) with a primary diagnosis of neuromuscular disease (NMD) or severe cerebral palsy (CP) and a respiratory sample sent for analysis during the study period were studied. Associations between PA in respiratory samples and diagnosis, long-term ventilation, presence of a gastrostomy or a tracheostomy, antibiotic choice, clinical deterioration and adverse events were analysed. Twenty-five (15%) had one or more PA isolate in respiratory samples. There was a significant association between PA in respiratory samples and tracheostomy (p<0.05). In 52% samples, multiple pathogens co-existed. There was no significant association between choice of antibiotic and clinical outcome but when antibiotics were changed to specific PA antibiotics during the course of the illness, all resulted in clinical improvement. Twenty-six episodes involving 8 patients with recurrent admissions involved PA organisms that were resistant to one or more antibiotics.Conclusions: A larger prospective study may establish clearer criteria for guideline development. Techniques such as point-of-care testing to identify virulent strains of PA may improve patient outcomes and prevent the development of antibiotic resistance in the future.

What is Known:•Children with complex neurodisability are at increased risk of respiratory morbidity and of infection with gram-negative organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.•There are currently no guidelines to inform treatment choices in this group of vulnerable children.

What is New:•15% children in this study population had Pseudomonas aeruginosa in respiratory samples during a 12-month period, the majority of whom did not require critical care treatment. Thirteen of these children had a tracheostomy in situ and 12 did not. •In those that deteriorated clinically or developed antibiotic resistant organisms, earlier detection and targeted treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa may have prevented deterioration.
Dietary supplement use in ambulatory cancer patients: a survey on prevalence, motivation and attitudes
Authors: Tank Maja , Franz Kristina , Cereda Emanuele , Norman Kristina 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with cancer often believe dietary supplements (DS) such as micronutrients and botanical products to be health supporting and non-toxic despite growing concerns regarding potential pharmacological interactions. Studies on the prevalence of DS use among patients with cancer are heterogeneous and mainly conducted at university-based cancer centers. This survey focused on a particular cancer patient group treated in an ambulatory setting without regular access to professional nutritional counselling.

Methods
Patients with a history of cancer or hematological malignancy were included in this survey. A self-reported questionnaire was used to evaluate the different aspects of DS use, changes in dietary habits and patients’ demographic characteristics.

Results
Almost every second patient reported using DS (47.2%). Women (56.3%), patients with an academic degree (56.0%) and non-smokers (84.8%) were more inclined to use DS. Along with magnesium (16.6%), calcium (14.3%), multivitamins (12.0%) and vitamin C (9.4%), use of herbal supplements (12.6%) was common. Women (84.8% vs. 74.9% of men, p =  < 0.001) and patients younger than 65 years (84.4% vs. 77.2% of patients > 65 y, p =  0.002) sought dietary advice more often. Support of the immune system was the main reason for DS use (26.4%) and a relevant number of patients (49.6%) reported to have changed their dietary habits following cancer diagnosis.

Conclusion
DS use is common among patients with cancer treated in an ambulatory setting. This finding should encourage oncologists to implement detailed questioning about DS use and dietary habits to prevent potential interactions and offer substantial advice.
Associations of preoperative stroke and tranexamic acid administration with convulsive seizures in valvular open-heart surgery
Authors: Hulde Nikolai , Zittermann Armin , Deutsch Marcus-André , von Dossow Vera , Gummert Jan F. , Koster Andreas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn cardiac surgery, use of the antifibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid (TXA) and acute perioperative stroke are both associated with convulsive seizures. We hypothesized that an older (preoperative) stroke increases the risk of TXA-associated seizures as well. To test this hypothesis, we retrospectively analyzed data from 16,110 patients who had undergone open-heart valvular surgery at our institution between 2009 and 2020. The dosing of TXA was moderate. Use of TXA and a history of stroke were both independently associated with convulsive seizure with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.40 (95%CI: 1.71–3.37) and 1.79 (95%CI: 1.27–2.54), respectively. Compared to patients without TXA administration, the adjusted OR of experiencing a seizure in TXA patients without a history of stroke was 2.44 (95%CI: 1.71–3.46) and in patients receiving TXA with a history of stroke 4.30 (95%CI: 2.65–6.99). However, there was no significant interaction between TXA use and preoperative stroke on convulsive seizures (P = 0.77). Compared to patients without seizure, for patients with seizure, the inverse probability-weighted ORs of in-hospital mortality and 30-day mortality were 3.58 (95%CI: 2.20–5.83) and 4.04 (95%CI: 2.34–6.98), respectively. We conclude that, in patients undergoing open-heart surgery, a history of stroke is independently associated with convulsive seizures but is not a contraindication for TXA use.
The effect of nimodipine on pulmonary function in artificially ventilated patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Lunkiewicz Justyna , Brandi Giovanna , Willms Jan , Strässle Christian , Narula Gagan , Keller Emanuela , Muroi Carl 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Nimodipine is routinely administered in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, the effect of nimodipine on oxygen exchange in the lungs is insufficiently explored.

Methods
The study explored nimodipine medication in artificially ventilated patients with aSAH. The data collection period was divided into nimodipine-dependent (ND) and nimodipine-independent (NID) periods. Values for arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) were collected and compared between the periods. Patients were divided in those with lung injury (LI), defined as median Horowitz index (PaO2/FiO2) ≤40 kPa (≤300 mmHg), and without and in those with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and without.

Results
A total of 53 out of 150 patients were artificially ventilated, and in 29 patients, the Horowitz index could be compared between ND and NID periods. A linear mixed model showed that during ND period the Horowitz index was 2.3 kPa (95% CI, 1.0–3.5 kPa, P<0.001) lower when compared to NID period. The model suggested that in the presence of LI, ND period is associated with a decrease of the index by 2.8 kPa (95% CI, 1.2–4.3 kPa, P<0.001). The decrease was more pronounced with LRTI than without: 3.4 kPa (95% CI, 0.8–6.1 kPa) vs. 2.1 kPa (95% CI, 0.7–3.4 kPa), P=0.011 and P=0.002, respectively.

Conclusions
In patients with LI or LRTI in the context of aSAH, pulmonary function may worsen with nimodipine treatment. The drop of 2 to 3 kPa of the Horowitz index in patients with no lung pathology may not outweigh the benefits of nimodipine. However, in individuals with concomitant lung injury, the effect may be clinically relevant.
Seismically induced changes in groundwater levels and temperatures following the ML5.8 (ML5.1) Gyeongju earthquake in South Korea
Authors: Lee Soo-Hyoung , Lee Jae Min , Moon Sang-Ho , Ha Kyoochul , Kim Yongcheol , Jeong Dan Bi , Kim Yongje 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHydrogeological responses to earthquakes such as changes in groundwater level, temperature, and chemistry, have been observed for several decades. This study examines behavior associated with ML5.8 and ML5.1 earthquakes that occurred on 12 September 2016 near Gyeongju, a city located on the southeast coast of the Korean peninsula. The ML5.8 event stands as the largest recorded earthquake in South Korea since the advent of modern recording systems. There was considerable damage associated with the earthquakes and many aftershocks. Records from monitoring wells located about 135 km west of the epicenter displayed various patterns of change in both water level and temperature. There were transient-type, step-like-type (up and down), and persistent-type (rise and fall) changes in water levels. The water temperature changes were of transient, shift-change, and tendency-change types. Transient changes in the groundwater level and temperature were particularly well developed in monitoring wells installed along a major boundary fault that bisected the study area. These changes were interpreted as representing an aquifer system deformed by seismic waves. The various patterns in groundwater level and temperature, therefore, suggested that seismic waves impacted the fractured units through the reactivation of fractures, joints, and microcracks, which resulted from a pulse in fluid pressure. This study points to the value of long-term monitoring efforts, which in this case were able to provide detailed information needed to manage the groundwater resources in areas potentially affected by further earthquakes.
A rare triad of morning glory disc anomaly, moyamoya vasculopathy, and transsphenoidal cephalocele: pathophysiological considerations and surgical management
Authors: Pavanello Marco , Fiaschi Pietro , Accogli Andrea , Severino Mariasavina , Tortora Domenico , Piatelli Gianluca , Capra Valeria 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMorning glory disc anomaly is a congenital abnormality of the optic disc and peripapillary retina reported as an isolated condition or associated with various anomalies, including basal encephaloceles and moyamoya vasculopathy. However, the co-occurrence of these three entities is extremely rare and the pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Moreover, data on the surgical management and long-term follow-up of the intracranial anomalies are scarce. Here, we describe the case of a 11-year-old boy with morning glory disc anomaly, transsphenoidal cephalocele, and moyamoya vasculopathy, who underwent bilateral indirect revascularization with encephalo-duro-myo-arterio-pericranio-synangiosis at the age of 2 years, and endoscopic repair of the transsphenoidal cephalocele at the age of 6 years. A rare missense variant (c.1081T>C,p.Tyr361His) was found in OFD1, a gene responsible for a X-linked ciliopathy, the oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1; OMIM 311200). This case expands the complex phenotype of OFD1 syndrome and suggests a possible involvement of OFD1 gene and Shh pathway in the pathogenesis of these anomalies.
Cohesive Growth in Europe: A Tale of Two Peripheries
Authors: Dauderstädt Michael 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOver the last two decades, income disparities between EU member states tended to decline, particularly before the financial crisis. While Central and Eastern Europe caught up with the EU average, Southern Europe fell behind after 2009. Catch-up growth in both peripheries relied on nominal convergence (real appreciation) and foreign capital. Further growth can and should be fostered by an economic policy that does not neglect domestic demand, stabilises capital markets and invests in research, education, health and intangibles.
Bullying and Victimization in Native and Immigrant Very-Low-Income Adolescents in Italy: Disentangling the Roles of Peer Acceptance and Friendship
Authors: Bianchi Dora , Cavicchiolo Elisa , Manganelli Sara , Lucidi Fabio , Girelli Laura , Cozzolino Mauro , Galli Federica , Alivernini Fabio 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundVery-low-income students are a population at a high risk of perpetrating and suffering bullying at school, and at the same time the peer group at school is often one of the few sources of support for these minors.ObjectiveThis two-wave study is aimed to disambiguate the two different roles of peer acceptance and friendship on bullying and victimization in very-low-income adolescents, exploring the possible differential role of immigrant background.MethodAn online survey was administered to 249 early to late adolescents living below the poverty threshold (Mage = 12.76;SDage = 2.34; 41.8% girls; 19.3% immigrants). A multivariate regression model with multi-group analyses was applied.ResultsOur results indicated that peer friendship was a protective factor against bullying as well as victimization, whilst peer acceptance was not protective. Only for natives (but not for immigrants), a high level of peer acceptance was a risk factor for bullying, and low school achievement was a risk factor for victimization. The persistence of victimization over time was significantly stronger for immigrants than for natives.ConclusionsThe study provides new insights for the unique protective role of classmates’ friendship in natives and immigrants, while acceptance appeared to be less relevant. Research and applied implications are discussed.