bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptance and Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Among Medical Specialists: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Phutrakool Phanupong , Pongpirul Krit 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundComplementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) has gained popularity among the general population but its acceptance and use among medical specialists have been inconclusive.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed and Scopus databases for the acceptance and use of CAM among medical specialists. Each article was assessed by two screeners. Only survey studies relevant to the acceptance and use of CAM among medical specialists were reviewed. The pooled prevalence estimates were calculated using random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsOf 5,628 articles published between 2002 and 2017, 25 fulfilled the selection criteria. Ten medical specialties were included: Internal Medicine (11 studies), Pediatrics (6 studies), Obstetrics and Gynecology (6 studies), Anesthesiology (4 studies), Surgery (3 studies), Family Medicine (3 studies), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (3 studies), Psychiatry and Neurology (2 studies), Otolaryngology (1 study), and Neurological Surgery (1 study). The overall acceptance of CAM was 52% (95%CI: 42-62%). Family Medicine reported the highest acceptance (67%; 95%CI: 60-73%), followed by Psychiatry and Neurology (64%; 95%CI: 35-85%), Neurological Surgery (63%; 95%CI: 43-79%), Obstetrics and Gynecology (62%; 95%CI: 36-82%), Pediatrics (60%; 95%CI: 41-77%), Anesthesiology (52%; 95%CI: 45-58%), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (51%; 95%CI: 42-61%), Internal Medicine (41%; 95%CI: 39-43%), and Surgery (26%; 95%CI: 22-30%). The overall use of CAM was 45% (95% CI: 37-54%). The highest use of CAM was by the Obstetrics and Gynecology (68%; 95%CI: 63-73%), followed by Family Medicine (63%; 95%CI: 58-68%), Psychiatry and Neurology (55%; 95%CI: 35-73%), Pediatrics (44%; 95%CI: 42-46%), Otolaryngology (43%; 95%CI: 30-57%), Anesthesiology (42%; 95%CI: 37-47%), Internal Medicine (38%; 95%CI: 36-41%), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (32%; 95%CI: 24-41%), and Surgery (25%; 95%CI: 22-29%). Based on the studies, meta-regression showed no statistically significant difference across geographic regions, economic levels of the country, or sampling methods.ConclusionAcceptance and use of CAM were moderate and varied across medical specialists.Systematic review registrationThis systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019125628) and the protocol can be accessed at http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42019125628.
A Flexible and Economic Method to Improve the Ability of Electromagnetic Flanging for Tubes
Authors: Xiong Qi , Li Zhe , Tang Jianhua , Zhou Hang , Yang Meng , Song Xianqi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In recent years we have seen the rapid development of electromagnetic flanging of tubes, which uses coils to generate electromagnetic forces to achieve the deformation with high speed but without contact. However, the electromagnetic force decays rapidly with the increase of distance, resulting in strict requirements of geometrical matching between the coils and the tubes. Usually, new coils should be fabricated for tubes with new sizes, which is inconvenient and uneconomical. Therefore, a more flexible and economical method is proposed in this article, which introduces a solenoid field shaper into the existing electromagnetic flanging system. By adjusting the structure and the position of the field shaper, the distribution of electromagnetic forces can be reshaped to form tubes with various sizes, without changing the coil, whose cost is much higher than a field shaper. The principle of this method is introduced in detail. Then an electromagnetic-structure coupled finite element simulation model is established to calculate the forming process. The results show that when forming an A1060-O aluminum alloy tube with an inner diameter of 110mm, the discharge voltage can be tuned down from 8.5kV, without field shaper, to 7.11kV, with field shaper. That means the energy consumption of the system can be saved by 30%, and the manufacturing process of the field shaper is simpler than that of the forming coil. What’s more, when forming tubes with different sizes, the new method shows higher effectiveness, greater flexibility, and lower cost than the traditional way.
A geometry consisting of singularities containing only integers
Authors: Li Qing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It is difficult for us to discriminate the sizes of space and time as finite and infinite. In this article an axiom is defined in which one infinitely small and infinitely great must exist if the sizes of space and time can be compared and it is undividedly 0(zero) point (singularity) for this infinitely small.this axiom have some new characters distinct from current calculus ,such as extension only can be executed in the way of unit superposition in the system, the decimal point is meaningless and there aree only integers to exist in the system, and any given interval is finite quantites and can not be ‘included’ or ‘equal divided’ infinitely and randomly.The geometry space we see are the non-continuum being made of countless 0 points .
Not hurting students’ feelings(Sisu Sitha Noridawa): The impact of a specialized training on teacher mental health literacy in central Sri Lanka
Authors: Ginige P. , R.U Perera , S.C. Arambepola , P.R Kuruwita , N.D. Gunawardena 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Globally 10-20% of children and adolescents are suffering from mental health disorders. Improving mental health literacy (MHL) of teachers supports early detection and referral of children with mental health problems.Aim To develop and conduct a training program to improve teachers’ MHL, “Sisu Sitha Noridawa (SSN)” (not hurting students’ feelings) in central Sri Lanka (SL) and to explore the effect of the intervention on teacher MHL.Method 251 teachers participated in the study. Psychiatrist authors first facilitated small group discussions on ten case vignettes of common child psychiatry problems and then large group discussions using mini lectures and a handbook. Pre and post-tests were conducted to assess knowledge and attitudes on mental health problems of school children. The scores were analyzed using, Paired T-test in SPSS 17.Results The mean score differences of pre and posttest in both knowledge and attitude components showed statistically significant differences with p values <0.001 (confidence interval of 95%) and Cohen’s d values >0.2 in each, indicating the training had a significant positive impact on improving both the knowledge and attitude about mental health.Conclusion The training program had a significant positive impact on improving the MHL of participant teachers on common child and adolescent mental health problems. The sustainability of achieved effects and their application in classroom need exploration in a long-term study. SSN is a feasible and effective training program to be included in the existing teacher-training curriculum with in-service booster SSN programs, in a middle-income country like SL.
A Real Data-Driven Analytical Model to Predict Happiness
Authors: Chakraborty Aditya , Tsokos Chris P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Philosophers and many modern-day researchers are convinced by the fact that the pursuit of happiness is the ultimate goal for humankind. Aristotle believed that the utmost goal of human life was eudaimonia (interpreted as “happiness,” “human flourishing,” or “a good life.”). Recently, many economists and physiologists have been doing applied research in the areas of subjective well-being (SWB) or happiness and trying to understand how it improves the quality of life of individual beings. Thus, searching for a data-driven analytical model is crucial to predict SWB and enhance the quality of lifeMethods: Our present study utilizes the world happiness database obtained from the Gallup World Poll on the happiness of 156 countries. However, our study focuses on using only the data of fifty-four developed countries, based on the human development index (HDI). We have developed a non-linear analytical model that predicts the average happiness score based on eleven risk factors with a high degree of accuracy. We also compared our analytical model with three other statistical models, and our model outperformed the rest of the three in terms of RMSE and MAE. Results: Our analytical model includes five important findings. The response of the proposed model is the average score of happiness of individuals in developed countries. In addition to predicting the happiness score, our model identifies the individual risk factors and their corre-sponding interactions that significantly contribute to happiness. We rank these risk factors by their percentage of contributions to the happiness score. We also proceed to rank the developed countries with respect to their predicted happiness score from our developed model. From our study, we found Finland being number one, followed by Denmark. The U.S is fifth and Romania being 54th.Conclusion: The proposed model offers other useful information on the subject area. Our ana-lytical model has been validated and tested to be of high quality, and our prediction of happiness is with a high degree of accuracy. We created a survey questionnaire (appendix 1) based on the data that can be used along with our model by any company for the strategic planning or decision making.
The interaction&nbsp;of social capital, life stress index and gender&nbsp;on mental health education&nbsp;for&nbsp;internal migrants: based on the&nbsp;China Migrant Population Dynamics Survey&nbsp;in 2017
Authors: Yang Zhen , Jiang Chenghua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: China has about 240 million internal migrants(IMs), and they face lots of mental health risks. The government is actively promoting mental health education for IMs. Previous studies have focused more on the relation between social capital and mental health, but ignored the impact of social capital on the accessibility to mental health services.Methods: Data from the China Migrant Dynamic Survey of 2017, involving 138939 IMs in 31 provinces were used to explore the interaction of social capital, life stress index and gender on acceptance of mental health education(AMHE). Social capital was divided into cognitive(CSC) and structural social capital (SSC). Multiple line charts and multi-level logistic regression were conducted to analyze their impacts on AMHE, and whether such impacts were moderated by gender and life stress index(LSI). Results: The results suggest: (1) The SSC ranking of IMs with different LSI levels was "moderate (3.62 ± 1.736), mild(3.53 ± 1.755), severe(3.53 ± 1.755)", SSC was positively correlated with AMHE(OR=1.320, 95%CI 1.305 to 1.336), but the correlation would decrease with the increase of LSI(OR=0.969, 95%CI 0.953 to 0.985; OR=0.949, 95%CI 0.934 to 0.964); (2) Males’ SSC(3.67 ± 1.780) was significantly higher than that of females(3.36 ± 1.614), but its influence on AMHE of females was higher(OR=1.050, 95%CI 1.036 to 1.064); (3) The CSC ranking of IMs with different LSI levels was "mild(3.71 ± 2.096), moderate(3.71 ± 2.076), severe(3.42 ± 2.024)", there was no significant gender difference in CSC, and CSC was positively correlated with AMHE(OR=1.087, 95%CI 1.076 to 1.098), but gender and LSI had no significant moderating effect on it.Conclution: Gender and LSI were associated with social capital, but only the relationship between SSC and AMHE was moderated by them. SSC had both a main effect and a buffering effect, while CSC only showed a main effect. The government should pay attention to enhancing their positive identity to the city and at the same time improve their civic participation and social participation.
Anthropogenic influence on extreme precipitation over global land areas seen in multiple observational datasets
Authors: Madakumbura Gavin D. , Thackeray Chad W. , Norris Jesse , Goldenson Naomi , Hall Alex 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Global climate models produce large increases in extreme precipitation when subject to anthropogenic forcing, but detecting this human influence in observations is challenging. Large internal variability makes the signal difficult to characterize. Models produce diverse precipitation responses to anthropogenic forcing, mirroring a variety of parameterization choices for subgrid-scale processes. And observations are inhomogeneously sampled in space and time, leading to multiple global datasets, each produced with a different homogenization technique. Thus, previous attempts to detect human influence on extreme precipitation have not incorporated internal variability or model uncertainty, and have been limited to specific regions and observational datasets. Using machine learning methods, we find a physically interpretable anthropogenic signal that is detectable in all global datasets. Detection occurs even when internal variability and model uncertainty are taken into account. Machine learning efficiently generates multiple lines of evidence supporting detection of an anthropogenic signal in extreme precipitation.
Genetic relatedness of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from humans, chickens and poultry environments
Authors: Aworh Mabel Kamweli , Kwaga Jacob K. P. , Hendriksen Rene S. , Okolocha Emmanuel C. , Thakur Siddhartha 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents in animal production has led to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in foodborne pathogens. Transmission of AMR foodborne pathogens from reservoirs, particularly chickens to the human population does occur. Recently, we reported that occupational exposure was a risk factor for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli (E. coli) among poultry-workers. Here we determined the prevalence and genetic relatedness among MDR E. coli isolated from poultry-workers, chickens, and poultry environments in Abuja, Nigeria. This study was conducted to address the gaps identified by the Nigerian AMR situation analysis.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among poultry-workers, chickens, and poultry farm/live bird market (LBM) environments. The isolates were tested phenotypically for their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, genotypically characterized using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and in silico multilocus sequence types (MLST). We conducted a phylogenetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) analysis to determine relatedness and clonality among the isolates. Results: A total of 115 (26.8%) out of 429 samples were positive for E. coli. Of these, 110 isolates were viable for phenotypic and genotypic characterization. The selection comprised 47 (42.7%) isolates from poultry-workers, 36 (32.7%) from chickens, and 27 (24.5%) from poultry-farm or LBM environments. Overall, 101 (91.8%) of the isolates were MDR conferring resistance to at least three drug classes. High frequency of resistance was observed for tetracycline (n = 102; 92.7%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (n = 93; 84.5%), streptomycin (n = 87; 79.1%) and ampicillin (n = 88; 80%). Two plasmid-mediated colistin genes – mcr-1.1 harboured on IncX4 plasmids were detected in environmental isolates. The most prevalent sequence types (ST) were ST-155 (n = 8), ST-48 (n = 8) and ST-10 (n = 6). Two isolates of human and environmental sources with a SNPs difference of 6161 originating from the same farm shared a novel ST. The isolates had similar AMR genes and plasmid replicons. Conclusion: MDR E.coli isolates were prevalent amongst poultry-workers, poultry, and the poultry farm/LBM environment. The emergence of MDR E. coli with novel ST in two isolates may be plasmid-mediated. Competent authorities should enforce AMR regulations to ensure prudent use of antimicrobials to limit the risk of transmission along the food chain.
Analyzing brain structural differences among undergraduates with different grades of self-esteem using multiple anatomical brain network
Authors: Peng Bo , Pang Gaofeng , Saxena Aditya , Liu Yan , Hu Baohua , Wang Suhong , Dai Yakang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Self-esteem is the individual evaluation of oneself. People with high self-esteem grade have mental health and can bravely cope with the threats from the environment. With the development of neuroimaging techniques, researches on cognitive neural mechanisms of self-esteem are increased. Existing methods based on brain morphometry and single-layer brain network cannot characterize the subtle structural differences related to self-esteem. Method: To solve this issue, we proposed multiple anatomical brain network method based on multi-resolution region of interest (ROI) template to study the structural connections of self-esteem. The multiple anatomical brain network consist of ROI features and hierarchal brain network features that are extracted from structural MRI. For each layer, we calculated the correlation relationship between pairs of ROIs. In order to solve the high-dimensional problem caused by the large amount of network features, feature selection methods (t-test, mRMR, and SVM-RFE) are adopted to reduce the number of features while retaining discriminative information to the maximum extent. Multi-kernel SVM is employed to integrate the various types of features by appropriate weight coefficient. Result: The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve classification accuracy to 97.26% compared with single-layer brain network. Conclusions: The proposed method provides a new perspective for the analysis of brain structure differences of self-esteem, which also has potential guiding significance in other researches involved brain cognitive activity and brain disease diagnosis.
Differential effects of larval and adult nutrition on female survival, fecundity, and size of the yellow fever mosquito,&nbsp;Aedes aegypti
Authors: Yan Jiayue , Kibech Roumaissa , Stone Chris M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is the principal vector of medically-important infectious viruses that cause severe illness such as dengue fever, yellow fever and Zika. The transmission potential of mosquitoes for these arboviruses is largely shaped by their life history traits, such as size, survival and fecundity. These life history traits, to some degree, depend on environmental conditions, such as larval and adult nutrition (e.g., nectar availability). Both these types of nutrition are known to affect the energetic reserves and life history traits of adults, but whether and how nutrition obtained during larval and adult stages have an interactive influence on mosquito life history traits remains largely unknown. Results: Here, we experimentally manipulated mosquito diets to create two nutritional levels at larval and adult stages , that is, a high or low amount of larval food (HL or LL) during larval stage, and a good and poor adult food (GA or PA, represents normal or weak concentration of sucrose) during adult stage. We then compared the size, survival and fecundity of female mosquitoes reared from these nutritional regimes. We found that larval and adult nutrition affected size and survival, respectively, without interactions, while both larval and adult nutrition influenced fecundity. There was a positive relationship between fecundity and size. In addition, this positive relationship was not affected by nutrition. Conclusions: These findings highlight how larval and adult nutrition differentially influence female mosquito life history traits, suggesting that studies evaluating nutritional effects on vectorial capacity traits should account for environmental variation across life stages.
Region-specific distribution of Olig2-expressing astrocytes in adult mouse brain and spinal cord
Authors: Wang Hui , Xu Liang , Lai Chuying , Hou Kaiyu , Chen Junliang , Guo Yaowei , Sambangi Abhijeet , Swaminathan Shreya , Xie Chunming , Wu Zheng , Chen Gong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Olig2 is an important transcription factor essential for the specification and differentiation of oligodendrocytes as well as astrocytes and neurons during developmental stages. However, Olig2 distribution pattern and its relationship among different types of glial cells in the adult central nervous system (CNS) are not well characterized. Here, we systematically examined Olig2 expression pattern in combination with major markers of neurons and glial cells throughout the brain and spinal cord in the adult mice. As expected, Olig2 is universally expressed in oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), but not in neurons or microglia. Interestingly, we discover a subpopulation of Olig2-positive astrocytes that are highly enriched in some specific regions including the olfactory bulb, thalamus, midbrain, medulla, and spinal cord in the adult mice. Moreover, OPCs have high expression level of Olig2, whereas oligodendrocytes and astrocytes have similar level of Olig2 expression. Our results suggest that a distinct population of Olig2-positive astrocytes are highly concentrated in discrete regions in the adult CNS. Investigating the functional significance of these Olig2+ astrocytes in both resting state and pathological state of the brain and spinal cord may broaden our understanding on astrocytic heterogeneity and functions.
A construção da identidade Quilombola na Amazônia
Authors: Luz Agatha Leticia Eugênio da , Azevedo Ana D’Arc Martins de , Chagas Junior Edgar Monteiro 
Published: February 2021

Este artigo se debruça sobre e a partir da realidade do quilombo amazônico Guajará-Miri localizado no município de Acará no estado do Pará. Ancora-se nas questões que envolvem a identidade quilombola nas práticas escolares, considerando o envolvimento de moradores da comunidade na escola. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo de abordagem qualitativa do tipo Estudo de Caso tendo como participantes: duas professoras e três moradores(as) do quilombo, sendo uma delas, professora aposentada e fundadora da primeira escola quilombola da comunidade. Os instrumentos de pesquisa utilizados foram: observações, conversas informais, entrevistas, levantamento bibliográfico e documental. A análise dos dados se deu pelo método crítico-dialético. Utilizou-se na análise dos dados o processo de categorização analítica. A pesquisa apontou, entre outros, os seguintes resultados: a relação identitária dos moradores com a escola a partir da mobilização coletiva em construí-la no Quilombo; os moradores e as professoras possuem com a escola um enlace afetivo produtores de sociabilidades que tem impulsionado o uso de estratégias inovadoras que notabilizam o pertencimento identitário e, com isso, uma melhoria na qualidade dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem no ambiente escolar.