bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Analysis for Magnesium Alloy Curvature Products Formed by Staggered Extrusion (SE) Based on the Upper Bound Method
Authors: Zhang Xi Jie , Li Feng , Wang Ye , Chen Zi Yu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Staggered extrusion (SE) is a new method to solve the bottleneck of traditional curvature products, such as long manufacturing cycle, many forming processes and difficult quality control. How to quantitatively control the curvature of extruded products is the key to implement this method. Herein, the upper bound method is used to calculate and analyze the power consumption of each characteristic zone in the SE process. The theoretical model of extrusion load and curvature is established. The results show that the staggered distance h has an important influence on the curvature κ. When the staggered distance h increases from 8 mm to 24 mm and other conditions remain unchanged, the curvature κ increases from 0.0546 to 0.1607. Any combination of the staggered distance h and the extrusion ratio λ corresponds to an eccentricity ratio ξ. The eccentricity ratio ξ decreases with the increase of the staggered distance h or the extrusion ratio λ. By comparison, it can be seen that the variation trend of the theoretical predicted value and the FE modelling in the steady-state extrusion stage is consistent. The experimental results are in good agreement with the curvature theory prediction model. These results provide a scientific basis for the formulation of the SE process and precisely controlling magnesium alloy curvature products.
Effect of Alcohol on Clinical Outcomes of Hepatitis Virus-Induced Liver Cirrhosis: A Consecutive Ten-Year Study
Authors: Abassa Kodjo-Kunale , Wu Xiao-Ying , Xiao Xiu-Ping , Zhou Hao-Xiong , Guo Yun-Wei , Wu Bin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM: Coexisting alcoholic liver disease and virus-induced liver cirrhosis (ALD+HBV and ALD+HCV) has not been thoroughly studied. This cross-sectional study aims to showcase the influence of alcohol on the laboratory values and on the clinical outcomes of patients with hepatitis B and C virus-induced liver cirrhosis.METHOD: Patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis (n=22287) from January 2010 to December 2019 were collected from our hospital electronic database, and divided into five groups according to the etiology: ALD (1652 cases, 7.4%), HBV (18079 cases, 81.1%), HCV (682 cases, 3.1%), ALD+HBV (1594 cases, 7.2%) and ALD+HCV (280 cases, 1.3%). Laboratory results and proportion of different liver cirrhosis complications were contrasted between groups.RESULTS: ALD+HBV and ALD+HCV presented with higher proportions of poor prognosis patients and cirrhosis complications compared to HBV and HCV respectively. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the risk of HCC and that of EGVB in the ALD+HBV group was respectively 2.14-fold and 1.47-fold that in the HBV group (HCC: OR=2.14, 95%CI: [1.71-2.69]; EGVB: OR=1.47, 95%CI: [1.17-1.84]) after adjusting for potential confounders. Furthermore, a decrease in the risk of HCC and EGVB with the duration of alcohol abstinence was observed. Similar pattern was noticed while comparing ALD+HCV group to HCV group.CONCLUSION: Alcohol significantly increased the severity of liver function impairment and the prevalence of liver cirrhosis complications such as HCC and EGVB in hepatitis virus-induced liver cirrhosis patients. Remarkably, long period of alcohol abstinence significantly decreased the prevalence of HCC and EGVB in these populations.
Utility of the SotairTM Device in Manual Ventilation of Different Lung Compliances
Authors: Carpenter Randy Scott , Brady Mark F , Monhollon Ethan , Ni Samantha , Young Shane , Walker Richard 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: During positive pressure ventilation, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and Tidal Volume (TV) must be kept at optimal levels to achieve appropriate ventilation without causing complications, such as trauma to the lung parenchyma or stomach insufflation. Manual ventilation using a Bag-valve-mask (BVM) results in highly variable TVs and PIPs that could increase the risk of volutrauma and barotrauma. It is unknown whether pathologic changes in lung compliance alter the TV and PIP during manual ventilation. Methods: This study used a lung simulator and volunteer medical students, medics and nurses to assess whether the pressure and flow limiting SotairTM device resulted in more appropriate TVs and PIPs during manual ventilation compared to BVM only, using a mechanical ventilator as the standard. The secondary aim was to determine whether decreased lung compliance, which simulates the physiology of lungs with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), affected the conclusion. Results: We found that the SotairTM device helped maintain PIP and TV closer to mechanical ventilator baseline levels than BVM only ventilation across lung compliance settings. The SotairTM device also helped providers maintain PIP levels below the threshold of pressures known to cause gastric insufflation and barotrauma. Conclusions: This data indicates that manual ventilation using the SotairTM device is a safer option than unmitigated BVM only ventilation in both normal and decreased lung compliance conditions.
CircPTK2 Inhibits the Tumorigenesis and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer by Sponging miR-134-5p and Activating CELF2/PTEN Signaling
Authors: Fan Huining , Zhao Xiang-Yun , Liang Rui , Chen Xiao-Yu , Zhang Jing , Chen Ni-Wei , Zhu Jin-Shui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: CircRNAs are a new subset of noncoding RNAs formed by covalent closed loops and play crucial roles in the regulation of cancer gene expression. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) remain indistinct. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of hsa_circ_0006421 (circPTK2) in GC.Methods: The differential expression of circRNAs between GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were identified by a circRNA expression profiling. Associations of circPTK2 or miR-134-5p expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of GC patients were analyzed by chi-square of Fisher’s exact tests and Kaplan-Meier analysis. CCK8, colony formation, EdU assays and animal models were performed to assess the effects of circPTK2 on proliferation and invasion of GC cells. CircPTK2-specific probes were used to purify the RNA pulled down from the circPTK2, and enrichment of circPTK2 and miR-134-5p was detected by qRT-PCR. The effects of circPTK2 on miR-134-5p expression and CELF2/PTEN signaling were examined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis. Results: Low expression of circPTK2 and high expression of miR-134-5p were related to the poor survival, and high expression of miR-134-5p was related to the tumor recurrence in GC patients. Overexpressing circPTK2 suppressed the proliferation, colony formation, DNA synthesis and cell invasion as well as xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis in vitro and in vivo, whereas silencing circPTK2 had the opposite effects. Moreover, circPTK2 was negatively correlated and co-localized with miR-134-5p in the cytoplasm of GC tissue cells. circPTK2 bound to and sponged miR-134-5p in GC cells, and miR-134-5p facilitated cell growth and invasion but attenuated circPTK2 induced tumor suppressive effects and CELF2/PTEN signaling activation in GC cells. Conclusions: circPTK2 functions as a tumor suppressor in GC by sponging miR-134-5p and activating the CELF2/PTEN axis.
Rectifying effect in high-performance ballistic diode bridge with a unique design for thermal energy harvesting
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Cong , Kim Minwook , Hussain Muhammad , Nguyen Van Huy , Lee Yeon-jae , Kang Dongwoon , Kumar Sunil , Jung Jongwan , Seo Yongho 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The long mean free path close to a micrometer in encapsulated graphene enabled us to rectify currents ballistically at room temperature. In this study, we introduce a ballistic rectifier that resembles a diode bridge and is based on graphene encapsulated using hexagonal boron nitride. Our device’s asymmetric geometry combined with the exploitation of the ratcheting effect means that it can operate successfully and provides excellent performance. The device’s estimated responsivities at 38,000 V/W for holes and 23,000 V/W for electrons at room temperature, are among the highest values for a ballistic device reported to date. Due to the device’s zero threshold voltage, it is able to rectify Johnson noise signals converting thermal excitation to electrical energy at room temperature. The bandwidth of the device at the ballistic regime is estimated at ~ 1.1 GHz for holes and 2 GHz for electrons. The device developed in this study is an important step along an innovative pathway that will lead to harvesting electrical energy directly from thermal energy.
Accuracy of Flow-void Diameters on MR Images in Diagnosing Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations in Patients With Pregnancy-related Diseases
Authors: Chen Hui-zhu , Zhao Fu-min , Liu Ling-jun , Dai Xiao-hui , Li Xue-sheng , Ning Gang , Guo Ying-kun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective(s): To evaluate the “flow void” diameter in patients with pregnancy-related diseases with and without uterine AVMs and assess the diagnostic performance of unenhanced MRI for uterine AVMs.Study Design: From May 2014 to April 2019, 79 patients with pregnancy-related diseases were included, including 36 with and 43 without uterine AVMs confirmed by DSA. On MRI, the diameter of the most prominent “flow void” (hereinafter referred to as fv-D) was measured and compared between patients with and without uterine AVMs. The diagnostic performance of fv-D was estimated with receiver operating characteristic curves.Results: The “flow void” sign was observed in patients with and without uterine AVMs (P>0.05). The fv-D was significantly larger in patients with uterine AVMs in the myometrium and parametrium than in patients without uterine AVMs (P<0.0001). The fv-D achieved a reliable diagnostic performance in the myometrium (sensitivity: 80.56%, specificity: 60.27%, AUC: 0.727, cut-off:>1.33 mm) and parametrium (sensitivity: 97.22%, specificity: 67.44%, AUC: 0.881, cut-off:>2.6 mm). Conclusions: On MRI, fv-D could diagnose uterine AVMs. The fv-D had a much higher diagnostic efficiency in the parametrium than in the myometrium. The parametrium fv-D greatly improved the diagnostic sensitivity and provides a more accurate, noninvasive method of investigating possible uterine AVMs.
Experimental Study on the Effects of Internal Erosion on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Tailings Under Unsteady Seepage
Authors: Gui Rong , He Guicheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the hydraulic sedimentary model was established to investigate the effects of dry beach slope on the sedimentary characteristics of tailings, and the sand column model was built to investigate the effects of seepage erosion on the physical and mechanical properties of sedimentary tailings under unsteady seepage.The results show that the slope of dry beach have a great effect on the sedimentary characteristics of tailings, the average particle size of tailings decreases along the slope of dry beach, and the larger the slope, the more obvious the stratification of the tailings. The migration of fine-grained tailings caused by seepage erosion increases the permeability of the tailings and reduces the shear strength of the tailings. After seepage erosion,the average particle size of 1#tailings sample, 2#tailings sample and 3#tailings sample increased by 6.4%, 12.0% and 2.4% respectively, the hydraulic conductivity of 1# tailings sample, 2# tailings sample and 3# tailings increased by 27.2%,17.9%, and 15.3% respectively after internal erosion, and the shear strength of 1#tailings sample, 2#tailings sample and 3#tailings sample tailings sample decreased by 20.9 %, 15.1% and 12.4% respectively.
Effects of Neonatal Oxidative Stress on the Social Affinity and Survival in Larval Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Lim Dong Seok , Kim Seo Yeong , Jun Seo Young , Choi Eun Jin , Ko Seok Woo , Seo Eun Seok , Lee Sang-im 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Exposure to oxidative stress (OS) incurs various consequences in animals’ life from molecular to organismic level. Survival and social affinity are the two representative fitness components of animals that can be impacted by early exposure to OS during the developmental process. However, the effect of early OS exposure on survival and social affinity has not been well addressed.
Results

In this study, we treated 0, 1, and 5 mM of hydrogen peroxide solution to four-days post fertilization (dpf) larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) for 30 mins, and examined their survival until 19 dpf and social affinity at 28 dpf. There were no significant differences in survival among the treatment groups. On the other hand, social affinity was reduced in the individuals exposed to 5 mM hydrogen peroxide solution. All the groups demonstrated a similar level of locomotion.
Conclusions

These findings indicate that mild neonatal OS exposure did not affect the survival but partially hampered social affinity. Whether and how partially hampered social affinity in larval zebrafish persists to adulthood need to be investigated.
Dynamical Bridge Between Song Degradation and Neural Plasticity
Authors: Zang Jie , Liu Shenquan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
High dimensionality and complexity are the main difficulties of the study over network dynamics. Recently, Wilten Nicola proposed the mean field theory to research the bifurcations that the full networks display. Here, we use his approach on the birdsong neural network. Our previous work has shown that AFP could adjust the synapse conductance of nucleus RA and change RA’s firing patterns, eventually leading to song degradation. To understand the dynamical principle behind this, we use a technique to reduce the RA network to a mean field model, in the form of a system of switching ordinary differential equations. Numerical results have shown that the mean field equations can qualitatively and quantitatively describe the behavior of nucleus RA. Based on the non-smooth bifurcation analysis of the mean field model, we determine that there is a subcritical-Andronov-Hopf bifurcation at a particular stimulation, which can explain the role of AFP during song degradation. The results indicate that we can see AFP’s adjustment in RA synapse conductance as the adjustment of initial value in the bistable system. More precisely, during song degradation, the mean field system would transform to a stable node (corresponding to distorted songs) rather than a stable limit cycle (corresponding to normal songs).
A S-Type Bistable Locally-Active Memristor and Its Application in Oscillator Circuit
Authors: Li Chunlai , Li Haodong , Xie Wenwu , Du Jianrong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a S-type memristor with tangent nonlinearity is proposed. The introduced memristor can generate two kinds of stable pinched hysteresis loops with initial conditions from two flanks of the initial critical point. The power-off plot verifies that the memristor is nonvolatile, and the DC V-I plot shows that the memristor is locally active with the locally-active region symmetrical about the origin. The equivalent circuit of the memristor, derived by small-signal analysis method, is used to study the dynamics near the operating point in the locally-active region. Owing to the bistable and locally-active properties and S-type DC V-I curve, this memristor is called S-type BLAM for short. Then, a new Wien-bridge oscillator circuit is designed by substituting one of its resistances with S-type BLAM. It find that the circuit system can produce chaotic oscillation and complex dynamic behavior, which is further confirmed by analog circuit experiment.
Five New Species of Trichoderma From Wetland Soils in China
Authors: Zhang Guang Zhi , Yang HeTong , Zhang Xin Jian , Zhou Fang Yuan , Wu Xiao-Qing , Xie Xue-ying , Zhou Hong-Zi , Fan Susu , Zhao Xiao-Yan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Trichoderma isolates were collected from wetland soils in different areas of China. Combined analyses of morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses by partial translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1-α) and RNA polymerase II subunit b (RPB2) revealed five new Trichoderma species, namely, Trichoderma macrofasciculatum, T. shangrilaense, T. nordicum, T. vadicola, and T. hailarense. T. macrofasciculatum and T. shangrilaense belonging to the Polysporum Clade were isolated from wetland soils collected from Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces. The conidiation of T. macrofasciculatum typically appeared in white pustules in concentric rings on PDA or MEA, and its conidia had two or more guttules. Conidiation of T. shangrilaense formed white pustules with irregular shape and size, and its conidia were mostly obovoid and smooth. Trichoderma vadicola, T. nordicum, and T. hailarense belonging to the Viride Clade were collected from Shandong Province, Beijing Municipality, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, respectively. The phialides of T. nordicum lageniform were curved on PDA, and its conidia were globose to obovoidal and large. The aerial mycelium of T. vadicola formed strands and floccose mat. The colonies of T. hailarense cannot form conidia on PDA, and the conidia of T. hailarense on other media were obovoid and delicately roughened.
Adsorption Behavior of Congo Red on Carbon Materials Based of Humic Acid
Authors: Wang An , Li Boyuan , Wang Yatong , Sun Xiaoran , Bian Simeng , Shang Hongzhou , Zhao Zheng , Fan Kaili 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, a carbon composite based on humic acid (CAH) was synthesized by partially carbonizing humic acid by using aluminum sulfate with a mass ratio of 2:3 and a leavening agent oxalic acid with a fixed mass. The morphology and microstructure of the sample are measured by scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffractometer (XRD), thermal analysis (TG-DSC), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) is used to analyze the composition and structure of materials. The BET surface area of CAH is determined to be 149 m²/g. Congo red was used as a model adsorbent for adsorption research. When the dye concentration is 400 mg/L and 10mg of adsorbent powder is used. CAH has the highest dye removal rate of adsorption capacity. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. The results showed that the equilibrium adsorption data were found to fit better to the Langmuir adsorption model and the kinetic process of adsorption could be described by the pseudo-second-order model. Compared with humic acid, CAH composite materials can effectively improve the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of Congo red, and the adsorption capacity is as high as 3986mg/g within 30 minutes. In addition, considering the cost issue, this study selected low-cost humic acid as a carbon source to prepare composite materials, emphasizing the importance of cost.
Research on the Mechanism of Pulsatilla Potentially Useful for the Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Li Shilin , Fang Yi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer is a very malignant type of breast cancer. Its age of onset is young and the prognosis is poor, which seriously threatens women's physical and mental health. Pulsatilla Chinensis is a common medicine in traditional Chinese medicine. Application of network pharmacology analysis found that the active ingredients in Pulsatilla can target Caspase-3, NOS3, etc. to exert anti-tumor effects. This discovery will provide new alternative drugs and potential methods for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.
An Investigation into Residents' Willingness to Pay for Vertical Greening in the Renovation of Existing Residential Areas for Greenhouse Gases Reduction- A Case Study of Hangzhou City
Authors: Tan Yang , Fukuda Hiroatsu , Li Zhang , Wang Shuai , Gao Weijun , Liu Zhonghui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
There are numerous buildings in existing residential areas in Hangzhou City, which results in much carbon emissions and the formation of greenhouse gases that have exerted significant ad-verse impacts on the living comfort of citizens in Hangzhou City. It is imperative to conduct a greening renovation of buildings in existing residential areas in Hangzhou City. Vertical greening, as a significant measure of renovation, has received much attention. In this paper we use double-bounded discrete choice format to elicit public’s willingness to pay (WTP), and the economic benefits of vertical greening reduces greenhouse gases in Hangzhou City were preliminarily estimated, and the factors that affect residents' payment and participation. A total of 1089 valid samples were obtained via the face-to-face field interview. There were 250 (23.0%) respondents who refused to pay, whose data were subject to processing with Spike model, which had been proved to be more advantageous than traditional models in dealing with zero response problems. Families in Hangzhou City would pay 702.55 Chinese yuan (CNY) each year. The economic benefit of the project is 1.141–1.433 billion CNY. The factors affecting WTP were explored by demographic characteristics,social psychology༌knowledge of the environment and theory of planned behavior. The results showed that there were obvious statistical relationships between the age, income, family members, cognition of vertical greening and subjective norms of respondents and their WTP. Meanwhile, the feedback information was collected and analyzed, with the results showing that increasing income, setting up compensation mechanism, promoting the publicity of environmental protection, and disclosing the flow of funds would conduce to residents' participation in the renovation of vertical greening.