bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Research On The Technology of Two-Pass Different Temperature Rolling For Thick Steel/Aluminum/Aluminum-Alloy Composite Plate
Authors: Chen Ke , Liu Wenwen , Wang Tao , Wang Najin , Chen Zhongyu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Thick steel/aluminum/aluminum-alloy composite plate is one of the key materials connecting steel structures and aluminum alloy structures, and has been widely used in shipbuilding industry and other fields. However, steel/aluminum/aluminum-alloy composite plates with a total thickness of more than 10 mm and a steel layer thickness of more than 5 mm are prone to problems such as inconsistent deformation of component metals and low bonding strength during the rolling process, and cannot be continuously prepared. In order to solve this problem, this article proposes a two-pass different temperature rolling process for thick steel/aluminum/aluminum-alloy composite plates, and conducts research on Q235B steel, 1060 aluminum and 5083 aluminum alloy as component metals. The results show that the process is reliable. It can prepare Q235B/1060/5083 composite plates with a thickness of 15.65 mm without oxygen protection measures. Meanwhile, the interfacial shear and pull-off strength of the composite plates obtained under different experimental conditions in this article are higher than the requirements of the US military standards MIL-J-24445A and Chinese ship standard CB20091-2012. And the composite plates showed good performance in 90° and 137° bending tests without obvious defects. Under the best condition of them, a 1.48 μm interlocking diffusion layer was formed at the steel/aluminum interface of the composite plates, and the interfacial shear strength exceeded 70 MPa, and the interfacial pull-off strength exceeded 110 MPa. Finally, according to the experimental results, the reasons for the feasibility of the two-pass different rolling of thick steel/aluminum/aluminum-alloy composite plates are given.
Lumbo-Pelvic and Lower Limb Joint Kinematics in Subjects with and Without Low Back Pain: A Protocol for Systematic Review
Authors: Dehcheshme Fatemeh Ghasemi , Arab Massoud , Nourbakhsh Mohammad Reza 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. While its main cause is mostly unknown, more than 80% of people experience this disorder during their lifetime .Some clinical evidence suggests that people with chronic LBP have various lower extremity movement disorders. This study aims to systematically review the literature on comparing the kinematics of the lumbopelvic region and lower limb joints in people with non-specific low back pain (NS-LBP) compared to healthy individuals.
Methods/design:
We will search main electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Pedro, ProQuest and Google Scholar) and two key journals (Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, Clinical Biomechanics). Also, the reference list of the previous systematic reviews would be hand-searched. Studies that have examined the kinematic differences in lumbopelvic or lower limbs between NS-LBP and healthy individuals will be included. We will examine the methodological quality and statistical reporting of each eligible trial using the Newcastle – Ottawa Scale (NOS).
Discussion
To our knowledge, this study will be the first systematic review to examine the kinematic differences of the lower limb joints and pelvic complex between healthy people and NS-LBP. Since the kinematic assessment of the lower extremities and pelvic joints during daily activities may help understand underlying factors causing LBP, it is important to evaluate the kinematic changes in these regions, during repetitive daily functions in these patients.
Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO (CRD42021230826)
Amniotic Fluid-derived MSC Secretome Halts Action of IL-1β and TNF-α Through ERK/MAPK and Returns Cartilage Repair Under OA Inflammatory Stimuli
Authors: Klaymook Supatra , Chareancholvanich Keerati , Tirawanchai Napatara , Chetsawang Banthit , Pokathikorn Puttachart , Julavijitphong Suphakde , Phermthai Tatsanee 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative cartilage disease. OA cartilage has a limited repair capacity due to the effect of IL-1β and TNF-α on the chondrocyte progenitor cells (CPC) in an OA joint. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) therapy is a therapeutic option for osteoarthritis that initiated by the ability of secretory growth factors and mediator molecules to heal OA. Amniotic fluid MSC (AF-MSC), an interesting MSC source, has been shown to secrete various growth factors and anti-inflammatory molecules promoting tissue repair and regeneration. However, the effect of AF-MSC secretory factors to inflammation and cartilage repair is still limited. The current study aims to explore the action of AF-MSC secretome to IL-1β and TNF-α, and the CPC function that encourages cartilage repair.Methods: The effect of AF-MSC secretome to OA inflammatory cytokines was observed via the CPC migration using scratch assay. Inhibitory action of AF-MSC secretome to IL-1β and TNF-α was determined through NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways by western blot. The repaired function of OA cartilage was analyzed via the cartilage outgrowth study and the expression of chondrogenic and anabolic genes using qRT-PCR.Results: AF-MSC secretome can arrest inflammatory action of IL-1β and TNF-α and reduces production of NF-κB, pNF-κB, p38, pp38, ERK, COX-2, and iNOS signaling proteins. It significantly reduced the production of pERK (P = 0.0434). For cartilage repair, AF-MSC secretome promotes CPC outgrowth and migration in human OA cartilage, even under inflammatory stimuli. By the action of AF-MSC secretome, the inflamed CPC can restore Col II and anabolic genes; IGF1 expression, indicating reactivation of cartilage regeneration.Conclusion: AF-MSC secretory factors have the ability to halt inflammatory actions of IL-1β and TNF-α via the ERK/MAPK pathway and motivate CPC function and anabolic property.
An Evidence-Based Vestibular Schwannoma Surgical Outcome Grading Scale for Large-to-Giant Vestibular Schwannomas
Authors: Fatima Nida , Lekovic Gregory P. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between facial nerve function and extent of resection (EOR) as outcomes in the surgical management of large vestibular schwannoma (VS) (≥ 2.5 cm maximal) and evaluate use of a new grading system that incorporates both outcomes.Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the electronic databases using different MeSH terms from 1990 to 2021. 5,623 patients from 56 studies were found appropriate for inclusion in the study. Surgical approach was reported in 5,144 patients, including translabyrinthine approach (TL) in 43.3% (n=2,225), retrosigmoid (RS) approach in 56.3% (n=2,899), retrolabyrinthine (RL) approach in 0.3% (n=16), and extended translabyrinthine (EX) approach in 0.1% (n=4). The proposed VS Grading System defines outcomes of gross total resection (GTR), near total resection (NTR) and subtotal resection (STR) with good facial nerve function [House-Brackmann (HB) Grade I-II] as Classes A, B and C respectively. Those with poor facial nerve outcome (HB III-VI) are graded as Classes D, E and F, respectively. Results:. As expected, patients with STR had a higher likelihood of better facial nerve outcomes (HB I-II) compared to NTR [Odds Ratio (OR): 7.30, 95%CI: 2.45-12.1, p=0.004] and GTR (OR: 9.61, 95%CI: 3.61-15.6, p=0.002), while NTR had better facial nerve outcome than GTR (OR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.14-4.6, p<0.0001). A Class A result, representing the best possible outcome, was obtained in 55.8% of TL vs. 49.4% undergoing RS approach. Conclusion: Complete surgical resection with preservation of facial nerve function is the gold standard for large VS.
Green Approach to Clean Marble Surfaces
Authors: Campanella Luigi , Cardellicchio Francesco , Dell’Aglio Emanuele , Reale Rita , Salvi Anna Maria 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the field of cultural heritage restoration, the removal of iron corrosion stains is a difficult problem to deal with, especially in porous stone materials. Many studies in recent years have been aimed at finding simple and reliable methods using non-toxic chelating compounds. The search for natural compounds is therefore of great relevance, especially in the restoration of cultural heritage, where the use of toxic chemical compounds often involves risks for the environment and human health. Following this trend, the purpose of this preliminary work was to verify the use of two natural proteins, Lactotransferrin (Ltf) and Ovotransferrin (Ovt), for the removal of iron-based stains on marble surfaces. The two proteins, whose high affinity for iron "in vivo" has been widely documented, were extracted from their natural matrices. The protein extracts were then immobilized using a common cellulose pulp. The poultices obtained were spread on the surfaces of artificially stained marble specimens and, after a set time, were easily removed. The effectiveness of the removal, visually evident, was detected by spectrocolorimetry and image analysis. The surface analyses, before and after the treatment, carried out by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confirmed that both proteins have a selective and effective complexing capacity for the ferric ions of rust stains.
Ensovibep, a novel trispecific DARPin candidate that protects against SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Stumpp Michael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has infected millions of people globally and continues to undergo evolution. Emerging variants can be partially resistant to vaccine induced and therapeutic antibodies, emphasizing the urgent need for accessible, broad-spectrum therapeutics. Here, we report a comprehensive study of ensovibep, the first trispecific clinical DARPin candidate, that can simultaneously engage all three units of the spike protein trimer to potently inhibit ACE2 interaction, as revealed by structural analyses. The cooperative binding of the individual modules enables ensovibep to retain inhibitory potency against all frequent SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron, as of December 2021. Moreover, viral passaging experiments show that ensovibep, when used as a single agent, can prevent development of escape mutations comparably to a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Finally, we demonstrate that the very high in vitro antiviral potency also translates into significant therapeutic protection and reduction of pathogenesis in Roborovski dwarf hamsters infected with either the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type or the Alpha variant. In this model, ensovibep prevents fatality and provides substantial protection equivalent to the standard of care mAb cocktail. These results support further clinical evaluation and indicate that ensovibep could be a valuable alternative to mAb cocktails and other treatments for COVID-19.
Tuning The Properties of Ba-M Hexaferrite BaFe11.5Co0.5O19: A Road Towards Diverse Applications
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam , Elsayed Kareem , Ramadan Rania 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The development of hexaferrite nanoparticles is scrutinized as potential sorbents for the removal of chromium (Cr) ions from aqueous chromium-containing solutions in a batch adsorption experiment. The transition metal Co doped BaFe12O19 hexaferrite compounds (BHF) have been synthesized successfully via citrate auto combustion technique. Structural, morphological, and magnetic properties are testified. X-ray diffraction pattern ratifies the existence of hexagonal phase as a main phase for the prepared samples. The average crystallite sizes are found in the range of 47–49 nm. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), as well as the Fourier, transform infrared spectrophotometry results confirm an M-type hexagonal structure existing. The c-T indicates the temperature-dependent ferromagnetic behavior of BHF nanoparticles. The derivative shows a single transition temperature Tc at 698 °C, 710 for BHF and BHCF respectively. The prepared samples are utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) from the aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of Cr (VI) on the nano hexaferrite is higher than that of various other adsorbents testified in the literature. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model gives a better fit to the experimental data
Impact of CSA Innovations on Household Food and Nutrition Security: Evidence From the Upper Blue Nile Highland of Ethiopia
Authors: Teklu Abyiot , Simane Belay , Bezabih Mintewab 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Food insecurity remains a major challenge to smallholder farmers in the face of changing climate in the Upper Blue Nile Highlands of Ethiopia. To improve food and nutrition security of climate change vulnerable smallholder farmers in eastern Ethiopia, several climate-smart agriculture (CSA) innovations have been adopted and scaled-up. However, the impact of these innovations on household food and nutritional security was not systematically studied. This study examined the impact of selected CSA technologies on household food and nutrition security. Cross-sectional data were generated from 424 randomly selected rural smallholder agriculture households in the five selected agroecosystems of the Upper Blue Nile Highlands of Ethiopia. The study employed propensity score matching and endogenous switching regression estimation models. Results: Households that practiced crop residue management had an 8.46 higher Food Consumption Score (FCS) and a 0.4 higher Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) than non-adopters. Similarly, households who adopted compost and agroforestry had a 0.462 and 0.446 higher Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) than non-adopters, respectively. The endogenous switching regression analysis result showed that households that practiced crop residue management had an 22.6 higher Food Consumption Score (FCS) and a 2.2 higher Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) than non-adopters. Similarly, households who adopted physical SWC had a 2.3 higher Food Consumption Score (FCS) than non-adopters. Whereas, compost and agroforestry had a 0.28 and 2.12 higher Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) than non-adopters, respectively. Conclusions: This shows that households adopting CSA innovations are more likely to have higher food security compared to non-adopters. This suggests that promotion and scale-up of CSA innovations in the study area can enhance household food and nutrition security.
Survival Based On The Pathologic Lymph Node Ratio For Local Advanced Gastric Cancer; Elderly Patients Versus Non Elderly Patients
Authors: Yalkin Omer , Iflazoglu Nidal , Deniz Olgun , Uzunoglu Mustafa Yener , Turhan Ezgi Isil 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the prognostic value of the pathological lymph node ratio for elderly and non-elderly gastric cancer patients and to evaluate whether there is a difference in the survival of patients with the same LNR (Lymph Node Ratio).Materials and Methods: A total of 222 patients diagnosed with locally advanced gastric cancer and who underwent gastrectomy were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to age. Clinicopathological properties of the two groups were compared. Potential prognostic factors affecting survival were analyzed. Subsequently, the effect of lymphadenectomy and LNR on survival in both groups was evaluated. Results: Significant differences were detected in terms of the location of primary lesions, hemoglobin and albumin levels between elderly patients and non-elderly patients (p < .05). Overall survival (OS) was significantly worse in elderly patients (22 months vs. 67 months, p<0.001). The survival rates in elderly patients were significantly lower from those of non-elderly in the subgroup LNR Stage 2 (12.1% vs. 47.9 %, P = 0.004) and LNR Stage 3 classification (9.1% vs. 34.1%, P = 0.039). LNR was found to be significant for OS with a cut-off point of 0.18. Conclusion: A survival difference was found between the elderly and non-elderly patients with the same LNR. LNR was found to be an independent factor for survival especially in elderly patients. Survival was found to be further decreased in elderly patients compared to non-elderly patients with increasing LNR.
Field Efficacy of Different IPM Modules for Management of Aphid on Cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.) Under Semi-Arid Conditions
Authors: Meena Narottam Kumar , Meena Ram Swaroop , Singh Ravindra , Meena Murlidhar , Verma Arvind Kumar , Choudhary Sharda , Ravi Y , Saxena Shailendra Nath 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis gossypii Glower (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are the two major species damaging cumin crop throughout the cumin growing states of India. Its infestation initiated on cumin crops at 20 days after seed germination with very low incidence and became abundant at 70-80 day after seed germination during second week of January till February when crops are in full grown stage. Since cumin is most important seed spice crop, having huge nutritional, medicinal and aromatic properties, and its seed and essential oil is exporting in many countries over the world, hence quality production is the major challenge for the growers. The multiple sprays of chemical pesticides with heavy doses for pest management induce resistance in aphids, harmful to natural enemies and also enhance the pesticide residue level in the produce (seed). With this approach, the present study was conducted for two consecutive years to evaluate the cumulative effect of botanicals, cultural and physical methods, bio-pesticides, and bio-control agents and insecticides in the form of IPM module for the management of aphid and relative safety to natural enemies in cumin under field conditions. In this study, amongst eight different IPM modules evaluated against aphid, module M-5 consisted by seed treatment with imidacloprid 600FS @ 3ml/kg seed followed by foliar spray of ker plant extract @ 10ml/litre, Verticillium lecanii (1x108cfu/g) @ 6g/litre, and fipronil 5%SC @ 0.035% at definite interval secured efficient management of aphids (>92% mortality) with relative safety to natural enemies and minimized pesticide residue in the seeds. The highest seed yield (934 kg/ha), test weight (5.24 g), essential oil (5.98%), economics (Rs.1.08 Lakh) and B: C ratio (3.69:1) was obtained by the application of IPM modules M-5. Similarly, the higher seed yield 1072.5 kg per hectare (21.19% appreciation over farmers practices) was also recorded in field validation study under non replicated field in large area, proved its effectiveness by the farmers. Consequently, it recommends that IPM module M-5 consisted with botanical product, entomopathogenic fungi and insecticides exhibited sustainable aphid management module for cumin, comparatively safer to natural enemies and lower residue level in the seeds.
Change in hippocampal volume in children with febrile seizure at different periods
Authors: Cao QingJun , Huang JinYing , Wang Hua 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

This study aimed to investigate the change of hippocampal volume in children at different periods after febrile seizure.
Methods

MRI of the brain was performed in 60 children with febrile seizure (30 patients with simple febrile seizure and 30 patients with prolonged febrile seizure) and in 30 healthy children. The volume of the hippocampus was tested and compared at different periods after febrile seizure.
Results

The volumes of hippocampus in the two febrile seizure groups increased compared with that of the control group in acute period after seizure. There was no obvious difference in hippocampal volume between the simple febrile seizure group and the prolonged febrile seizure group in the acute or chronic period after seizure. The average annual growth of hippocampal volume in the simple febrile seizure group was greater than that in the prolonged febrile seizure group.
Conclusions

Febrile seizure can affect hippocampus volume in the acute stage of convulsion. Prolonged febrile seizure affects hippocampus development with aging.
Targeting Positive Cofactor 4 Induces Autophagic Cell Death In MYC-Expressing Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Ma Le , Gong Qiang , Fu Jianlin , Xie Mingling , Luo Peng , Chen Jieping , Shi Chunmeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The MYC-expressing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the refractory lymphomas. The pathogenesis of MYC-expressing DLBCL is still unclear, and there is a lack of effective therapy. In this study, we have explored the clinical significance and the molecular mechanisms of transcription co-activator 4 (PC4) in MYC-expressing DLBCL.Methods: We investigated PC4 expression in 54 cases of DLBCL patients’ tissues and matched normal specimens, and studied the molecular mechanisms of PC4 in MYC-expressing DLBCL both in vitro and in vivo.Results: We reported for the first time that targeting c-Myc could induce autophagic cell death in MYC-expressing DLBCL cell lines. We next characterized that PC4 was an upstream regulator of c-Myc, and PC4 was overexpressed in DLBCL and was closely related to clinical staging, prognosis and c-Myc expression. Further, our in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that PC4 knockdown could induce autophagic cell death of MYC-expressing DLBCL. And inhibition of c-Myc mediated aerobic glycolysis and activation of AMPK / mTOR signaling pathway were responsible for the autophagic cell death induced by PC4 knockdown in MYC-expressing DLBCL. Through the DLRTM and EMSA assay, we also found that PC4 exerted its oncogenic functions by directly binding to c-Myc promoters.Conclusions: PC4 exerts its oncogenic functions by directly binding to c-Myc promoters. Inhibition of PC4 can induce autophagic cell death of MYC-expressing DLBCL. Our study provides novel insights into the functions and mechanisms of PC4 in MYC-expressing DLBCL, and suggests that PC4 might be a promising therapeutic target for MYC-expressing DLBCL.
The Caucasus Territory Hot-Cold Spots Determination And Description Using 2D Surface Waves Tomography
Authors: Abrehdari Seyed Hossein , Karapetyan Jon K. , Rahimi Habib , Gyodakyan Eduard 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In order to identify and describe Hot-Cold spots inside the earth based on increasing and decreasing wave velocity anomalies, this paper attempts to generate the first 2D tomographic maps of Rayleigh surface wave velocity dispersion curves, by using ~1200 local-regional earthquake data and ~30000 vertical (Z) components of earthquake data waveform energy with magnitude M≥4 from 1999 to 2018 in a periods range of 5 to 70 seconds and a grid spacing of 0.2º×0.5º for a depth of ~200 km. To conduct this, a generalized 2D linear inversion procedure developed by Yanovskaya and Ditmar has been applied to construct the first 2D Rayleigh tomography velocity maps in order to understand better the regional tectonic activities in the enigmatic ongoing collision-compressed edge zone of the Eurasian-Arabic plates. In this study, we assumed that low-velocity (slow) region with dark red shade is hot spot and high-velocity (fast) region with dark blue-green-yellow is a cold spot. In short and medium periods were determined the number of 15 and 2 hot spots with a depth of 7 to 108 km, respectively. In long-periods and a depth of ~200 km, most part of the area study has covered by low-velocity anomaly.