bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A numerical simulation study of injecting CO2into coal bed (enhanced coal bed methane) to reduce GHG emission
Authors: Budi I S , Rudiyono A , Wibowo J A , Luthfie B 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIncreasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG), including CO2, will lead to changes in the Earth’s climate with the consequence of the rise in the global average temperature. Reducing CO2atmospheric concentrations by capturing emissions at the source and then storing them in subsurface reservoirs is considered a reliable solution until emission-free energy sources are developed and viable. Depleted oil and gas reservoirs, saline water aquifer, un-mineable coals are common sites for underground storage. The injection of CO2in coal beds, known as ECBM is considered one of the most efficient and favorable economic options of all storage because CO2is stored and at the same time will improve the recovery of coal bed methane. This method has huge potential as Indonesia hosts many coal deposits, however, exploitation of CBM is still very limited and mostly on pilot project status. The objectives of this study are to realize the potential value of ECBM and understand important operating parameters that will optimize the project. Reservoir simulations are an inexpensive method for predicting optimal trade-offs between these two separated processes (maximum storage/sequestration and maximum CBM production). This study reveals that methane recovery dependent strongly on the injection rate, while coal swelling/shrinkage only affects early production.
Analysis and design of low gas emission of ethanol fuel from ionic liquid-assisted pretreatment of biomass
Authors: Utami A R I , Sulaeman M F , Mei M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The growth of gas emissions (GE) in the environment that stirred climate change, has correlated with the decline of fossil fuels. Generally, GE was produced by burning fossil fuels such as gasoline in the combustion engine. Gasoline has higher air toxic emissions than ethanol. Hence, the investigation of ethanol has gained attention. On the other hand, biomass has become a renewable source of ethanol. However, due to the rigid structure of biomass, biomass pretreatment is needed before the hydrolysis and fermentation process. Recently, growing attention has been devoted to applying ionic liquids (ILs)-assisted pretreatment despite the high-cost process. Therefore, in this study, to optimize the ethanol production from biomass, the simulation using SuperPro Designer (SPD) software was conducted. Bagasse as biomass material was treated by IL, namely choline acetate (ChOAc), with the range of ratio IL/biomass of 0–1.5. The developed SPD model was validated with published data. The results indicated that the minimum ratio of IL/biomass was 1.3. When in the hydrolysis performed at high-loading after 72 h reaction time, the glucose and xylose concentrations were 49 g/L and 13 g/L, respectively. When the fermentation process was conducted, the initial mixed sugar solution concentration was 23 g/L of glucose and 6 g/L of xylose. Then, the ethanol concentration was 15 g/L at 24 h, which was 89% of the theoretical ethanol yield. To conclude, the developed SPD model not only could support to optimize the biomass refinery into low GE of ethanol but also could reduce large cost experimental.
Carbon stocks of Petungkriyono mixed forest as climate change mitigation
Authors: Damayanti I , Bambang A N , Soeprobowati T R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Petungkriyono forest covers 53.88 km2 at Pekalongan Regency with 54.6% composition of mixed forest (29.43 km2). This study aimed to estimate above-ground biomass and carbon stocks from five villages; Tlogopakis, Tlogohendro, Kayupuring, Yosorejo and Kasimpar. Non-destructive samples of 30 plots were conducted by designing plots with 0.04 ha and stand inventory involving diameter at breast height, height and number of trees. The result showed that the total estimated biomass from five villages was 3,006.10 Mg ha-1 and carbon stocks were 1,442.93 Mg C ha-1. The averages of biomass and carbon stocks were 601.22 Mg Ha-1 and 288.59 Mg C ha-1. This indicates that 2,943 ha area of Petungkriyono mixed forest has carbon stocks capacity up to 1,769,390.46 Mg C. The highest above-ground biomass contribution 59% tree compared with 41% poles. The significantly higher above-ground biomass describes higher carbon stocks long term storage of CO2 to either mitigate or defer global warming. Climate change mitigation from carbon stocks can be obtained from CO2 equivalents if well managed. Petungkriyono mixed forest may have considerable potential for mitigating climate change by carbon sequestration.
N2O emission and grain yield of rice from organic and conventional farming in the paddy field
Authors: Hermanto F W , Purwanto B H , Maas A , Utami S N H 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Rice cultivation is a significant contributor to N2O. Organic agriculture, which is entirely dependent on the source of nitrogen from organic matter can become an alternative to mitigate the high N2O emission. This research aimed to observe the N2O emission from the organic and conventional rice fields. Two sites of rice fields were selected for this study, i.e. Sawangan, Magelang and Godean, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Three plots of organic rice field and three plots of conventional rice field were selected as study sites. Gas samples were collected four times during the plant growth, i.e before transplanting, 2 weeks after transplanting, maximum vegetative stages and 2 weeks before harvesting. Godean site shows the emission of 138 µg N2O/m2/hour for organic field and 336 µg N2O/m2/hour for the conventional field. Sawangan site shows the emission of 348 µg N2O/m2/hour for organic field and 444 µg N2O/m2/hour for the conventional field. The results showed organic farming able to reduce the emission of N2O up to 20% on average. Rice growth and grain yield proved that organic rice showed a higher result compared to conventional rice. This study implied that organic rice farming might be promising land management to mitigate N2O emission and produce a higher yield.
Identification of climate change impact at Raknamo Dam, Kupang, Indonesia
Authors: Nait C , Bisri M , Soetopo W , Prayogo T , Limantara L M , Krisnayanti D S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Impacts of climate change have received extensive attention, especially for the semi-arid regions. Raknamo reservoir is located at Kupang Regency, a semi-arid area with significant differences in rainy duration (3–4 months) and dry seasons (8–9 months). This preliminary study aimed to identify the recent factors that caused the delays in initial filling of Raknamo reservoir, which may be affected by climate change. There are three rainfall stations observed surrounding Raknamo watershed, namely Camplong, Naibonat and Raknamo. Direct comparisons were made of rainfall data for 33 years (1986-2019) daily. The climatology station Lasiana was used for climatological data with a data length of 33 years (1986-2019). This research used a qualitative approach, runoff was analyzed using regression analysis. The results showed that factors such as temperature (T), potential evapotranspiration (ETo), and rainfall (R) affected the availability of initial filling in the Raknamo reservoir. The amount of rainfall intensity that is not achieved in one period to fill the reservoir has resulted in the Raknamo reservoir utilization not being optimized.
Effect of dose and plant growth regulator application time on agronomic traits and yield components of Lamuru maize
Authors: Sulistiono W , Sugihono C , Karim A A , Wahab A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The climate change of dry months for growth and production of corn, demanding the use of growth regulators. Atonic are generally known to increase metabolism and plant growth regulators. However, the optimal application time and dosage according to the location of planting in maize are unknown. This study determines the dosage and optimal time of atonic spray application to increase yield components. The study was conducted in Latosol soil in the dry land of Installation for Research and Assessment of Agricultural Technology (IP2TP) Bacan South Halmahera, North Maluku, from March to July 2019. The study was arranged in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor consists of the dose of atonic spray consisting of 4 levels, namely: 0.25cc/l, 0.50cc/l, 0.75cc/l and 1.00cc/l. The second factor is the atonic spraying time which consists of 3 levels, namely: 28 days after planting (dap), 49 dap, and 77 dap. The results showed that atonic spraying with a dose of 50cc/l at 28 dap produced the highest weight per 1000 corn seeds significantly different from spraying at 49 and 77 dap at various atonic doses. Spraying carried out at age 77 dap requires a higher atonic dose of 1cc/l to produce a weight per 1000 corn and it was correlated with leaf area at 49 dap (r=0.682) and with air temperature in July (r=0.35). High humidity (87.4%) in July was negatively correlated with plant height (r=-0.41) and weight of filled corncob (r=-0.37).
Effects of different composition of brewer grain and rice bran in the concentrate on methane emission of Kacang goat
Authors: Yanti Y , Pamungkas W A , Hermanu F , Putranto S , Widyawati S D , Suprayogi W P S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Gases that are trapped in the atmosphere are known as a greenhouse gas and caused the earth warmer. The most abundant greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2) is methane (CH4). Methane from livestock is mainly from enteric fermentation and manure storage. One of the strategies to mitigates methane emission is by feeding management. This experiment aimed to determine the effect of different compositions of brewer grain and rice bran in the concentrate on methane emission in Kacang goat. Fifteen male Kacang goats (1.5-2 years old and body weight 12.67 ±1.61 kg) were assigned to a completely randomized design. The treatment were T1=48.5% king grass + 9.7% brewer grain + 38.8% rice bran; T2=48.5% king grass + 14.5% brewer grain + 34% rice bran; and T3=48.5% king grass + 19.4% brewer grain + 29.1% rice bran. Mineral mix was added 3% in all treatments. There were no significant differences in all parameters observed. The results of gross energy intake, digestible energy, energy digestibility, and methane energy were 1.0 MJ/kg BW0.75/day, 0.7 MJ/kg BW0.75/day, 67.9%, and 7.88 MJ/100 MJ GEI, respectively. The difference in composition of brewer grain and rice bran in concentrate does not have any adverse effect on methane emission.
Drought resistance of various rice genetic background based on raised bed screening system
Authors: Susanto U , Rohaeni W R 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDrought is one of the major constraints of rice production in Indonesia. Climate change increases the risk of drought incidences. The evaluation of drought resisting rice genotypes available in Indonesia would hopefully find and enhance such resistance which could be utilized to be further tested in releasing a variety or donor parent within the drought-resistant breeding program. Raised bed system (RBS) is a relatively reliable method to screen drought resistance up to generative growth phase. This research aimed to screen 69 rice genotypes including 26 IRRI accession included in 3000 rice genome sequencing projects, 29 elite lines, 6 old released variety, 6 released variety, and each of susceptible and resistant drought check variety raised bed screening system. The trial was conducted in RBS facility in ICRR from January to May 2017 following a randomized complete block design of two replications. The materials were directly planted in a 10 hill row with planting space of 20 cm x 20 cm. The result showed that HHZ5-SKI-9-3-0Kr-JK-IND and IR64 Dro1 had good leaf drying and rolling and a number of field grain/panicle. IR84636-13-12-2-6-3-3-2-2-B, Inpari 18, and Huanghuazhan had the highest total grains/plant. Some drought-resistant mechanism might be found within the tested genotypes.
Developing in vitro selection methods to high temperature stress in pruacan and cacao
Authors: Ajijah N , Darwati I. , Ibrahim M S D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Increasing in the earth’s surface temperature due to global warming threatens the survival of plants in the sub-tropics and in the tropics areas. Looking for plant varieties that can adapt to the threat of global warming impacts is very important at this time. The availability of effective and efficient selection methods are needed to get it. This study aimed to develop an in vitro selection method for resistance to high temperature stress in two tropical plants: Pruacan (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) and Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). The in vitro selection methods were developed by testing the embryogenic culture of pruacan and cacao somatic embryos development under various temperature incubations. The two plants showed a different level of tolerance to high-temperature stress. Temperatures of 35 °C for two months did not cause the death of cacao somatic embryos, but the temperature of 32 °C for 2 and 3 months had caused the death of pruacan somatic embryos by 80 and 90%, respectively. The 100% death of cacao somatic embryos occurred at 40 °C and 45 °C on days 16 and 5 of incubation, respectively. The in vitro selection for high-temperature stress in pruacan and cacao plants were at 32 °C and between 40-45 °C respectively. Developing in vitro selection methods in plant species is needed to face the challenges of climate change in the future.
Allometric model to estimate biomass of leave-twigs cajuput (Melaleuca cajuput) at KPH Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyana B , Purwanto R H , Rohman  , Reorita R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Estimation of carbon storage in plantations is an alternative strategy to mitigate climate change. The carbon storage estimation model was developed by building a biomass allometric model with specific predictors. Utilization of cajuput plantations is harvesting the leave-twigs, which is different from the utilization of commons plantation forests that emphasize on timber forest products. Therefore, the objective of the research was to develop an allometric model of cajuput leave-twigs biomass. The study was conducted in KPH Yogyakarta on cajuput plants aged 23, 27, 31, 33, 40, 41, and 43 years. 210 samples were used to develop allometric models, and 60 samples were used as model validation materials. Leave-twigs biomass of cajuput (Y) was estimated with the predictors of the canopy height of cajuput (X1), mean quadratic of canopy diameter (X2), and mean quadratic of stem diameter (X3). The results showed that the allometric model of leave-twigs biomass of cajuput was Y = 3,597X1
0.961X2
0.145X3
0.247. The results of the model validation test resulted in R2
adj value of 0.428; the aggregate deviation was 9.76%; the mean deviation was 0.50%; the bias was - 2.16%, and RMSE was 0.47%. The allometric model was less accurate in predicting leave-twigs biomass of cajuput with the predictors of canopy height, canopy diameter, and stem diameter. Furthermore, it is important to build an allometric model of leave-twigs biomass by adding other predictors.
Effect of light intensity on growth, yield and indigo content of Indigofera tinctoria L.
Authors: Budiastuti M T S , Purnomo D , Supriyono  , Pujiasmanto B , Setyaningrum D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Synthetic dyes can increase the amount of pollutants that become a serious problem in the environment. The use of synthetic dyes can be replaced with dyes from natural ingredients, namely Indigofera tinctoria. These plants are a source of blue natural dyes because it contains indigo. The content of indigo is very responsive to light. The impact of climate change is a serious threat to the supply of natural dyes. So, judge the suitability of the environment and indigo content under climate change are essential for the sustainable production of natural dyes Indigofera tinctoria. The research aimed to examine the role of light on the growth, yield, and indigo content in Indigofera tinctoria. The study was conducted using a randomized complete design with one factor, namely light intensity with 3 levels namely light intensity 100%, 50%, and 25%, with 9 replications. Light intensity affected the number of leaves, nodes, fresh weight, and indigo content. The highest number of leaves, nodes, and fresh weight were at 100% light intensity, while the highest indigo content was at 25% light intensity. The fresh weight with indigo paste is positively correlated. The higher the fresh weight of the plant, the more paste will be produced. However, the content of indigo was negatively correlated with indigo paste.
Relationship of Fe distribution with rice cultivation system in the Barito River Region
Authors: Mawardi  , Sunarminto B H , Purwanto B H , Sudira P , Gunawan T 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Swamp is very potential to be developed as an area of rice plants, but there are many obstacles such as pyrite layer (FeS2) and nutrient poor. In addition, Fe toxicity often occurs and gets worse when el nino or climatic changes occur, much of the swamp is dry and so does pyridine oxidation. Various adverse effects of Fe poisoning on rice have been widely reported, but the spatial distribution of Fe tidal land and its relationship with rice cultivation systems in the Barito River region has not been examined, especially on el nino conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between rice cultivation systems with Fe concentration distribution, especially in el nino conditions. This research was conducted in November 2015 to August 2017 using a survey method in the Barito River region, South Kalimantan. Overflow type maps and mud thickness maps are overlaid to create a soil sampling point. Data from field observations of rice cultivation systems in the zone were correlated with Fe concentrations. The results showed that the spatial concentration of Fe affected the rice cultivation system. Fe concentrations of most farmers plant rice without tillage and do not make upper boundaries of rice fields using local varieties. Whereas in locations where Fe concentrations are low the farming system is carried out by tillage and making boundaries between rice fields. In addition, there was also a shift in planting time during el nino conditions.
Projecting and managing hydrological drought in Indonesia
Authors: Primadita B D , Levina  , Ahmad R D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Indonesia identifies as climate change hotspots and indicates to have increasing hydrological drought risk. The impact of hydrological drought is easier to analyze because only using river discharge directly affects by rain, which requires a long process and time. The impact of hydrological drought can be minimized using Disaster Risk Management (DRM) cycle. In this study, Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) was used as a quantitative index for the occurrence of hydrological drought and as a reference for phase change in DRM. This study consists of 3 parts: projecting monthly discharge until the year of 2045 using ensemble of seven Global Climate Models; projecting hydrological drought events using SRI; and suggesting six DRM stages for managing its impact. The study took case on Pawan River Basin, West Kalimantan. Kalimantan is predicted to be experienced more extreme dry climate in Indonesia. The potential for drought (Q80) is projected to be more severe in the range of January to July (-4% to -11%) and October (-3% to -5%) on the Pawan River Basin. DRM is divided into six phases: risk assessment, risk prevention, risk mitigation, preparedness for the occurrence, response to disaster and recovery.
Network governance in addressing climate change: a case study of the Asian Cities Climate Change Resilience Network (ACCCRN) in Indonesia
Authors: Kristanti D , Yudiatmaja W E , Rezeki S R I , Yudithia  , Samnuzulsari T , Suyito  , Safitri D P , Akbar D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Asian Cities Climate Change Resilience Network (ACCCRN) is an international institution assisting the Indonesian government to address climate change by incorporating many institutions. Nevertheless, we still lack an understanding of how the network is established in the process of handling climate change between ACCCRN and related agencies in Indonesia. This paper examines network governance during the involvement of ACCCRN in Indonesia. The purpose of the paper is to explore the network established by the ACCCRN in helping the Indonesian government to reduce the impact of climate change. We used a desk study by employing secondary sources to identify the actors, the relationship among the actors, and the outcome of the networks. We suggest that ACCCRN has played a crucial role in reducing the impact of climate change by cooperating with various organisations in Indonesia. In doing so, there are a number of public and non-profit agencies encompassed in the process of collaboration. This study recommends the government to maintain and increase numerous partnerships between international and local institutions in arranging climate change.
Tourism evolution and climate changed in Badung Regency, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Mahagangga G A O , Anom I P , Suryawan I B , Kusuma Negara I M , Wulandari I G A A , Ariwangsa I M B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Future changes in tourism pose significant challenges for society and the environment especially for a climate changed. Tourism evolution is a dynamic process for the ability of societies to adapt is determined, in many ways, by the ability to survive and progressing. This article trying to interpret on tourismmorphosis as tourism evolution. Tourismmorphosis is the tourism development process in Badung Regency, Bali in relation to climate changed. Specifically, the tourismmorphosis concept used to understand the tourism development process and how climate change interpreted as a phenomenon of evolution from a social-cultural perspective. Tourismmorphosis has four stages as tourism development begins from the introduction stage, the reaction stage, the institutionalization stage and the compromise stage. Tourismmorphosis are using to analyze the tourism development process in Badung with several cultural, social and environmental problems. The external factor like global capitalism who have their power in the Balinese tourism industry has significant influence being aware of climate changed. Unfortunately, they are not concerned about these issues and climate change only as a discourse but difficult to handle.
The vulnerability of rice distribution in West Java Province, Indonesia: An intelligent analysis
Authors: Munandar A I , Lubis M Z N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Climate change affects the food security of a region. One indicator of food security is food accessibility. The accessibility factor that requires attention is food distribution. Rice is the main food commodity in Indonesia. Meanwhile, distribution, prices, and supply raise common problems for rice commodities in West Java. This study aims to analyze the vulnerability of rice distribution in West Java using Intelligent Analysis. The method employed in the research is the Intelligence Analysis that covers threats and vulnerability. Further, we also conducted expert interviews. The results showed that threat analysis is at a high level, as well as the vulnerability analysis. Several viable options to anticipate the vulnerability are by streamlining relations with business operators and building a system that is integrated online upon government parties who have an interest in threats that can address food vulnerability both on a national scale and in West Java Province.