bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal function trajectories in hepatitis C infection: differences between renal healthy and chronic kidney disease individuals
Authors: Hsu Cheng-Kai , Lai Tai-Shuan , Chen Yih-Ting , Tseng Yi-Ju , Lee Chin-Chan , Chen Chun-Yu , Hsu Heng-Jung , Pan Heng-Chih , Chen Li-Wei , Chien Cheng-Hung , Lin Chih-Lang , Chien Rong-Nan , Wu I-Wen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAssociations between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been reported; however, differences of renal progression between general and CKD population remain to be elucidated in prospective studies. A total of 1179 participants, who have tested for anti-HCV antibody, were enrolled and prospectively followed for 3 years. The risks associated with HCV infection, in terms of incidence of CKD, annual estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) changes and 50% decline of eGFR at 3-year from baseline, were compared between normal renal function subjects and CKD patients. Overall, 111 of 233 (47.6%) CKD patients and 167 of 946 (17.7%) non-CKD subjects had HCV infection. The crude incidence rates of CKD were 226.9 per 1000 person-years and 14.8 per 1000 person-years in in HCV and non-HCV infected patients, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio of HCV infection for incident CKD was 7.9 (95% CI 5–12.7). The HCV-infected normal renal function subjects were independently associated with increased risks of eGFR decline in the 1-year, 2-year and 3-year, respectively. The risk associations remained significant in 50% decline of eGFR at 3 years models and in different subgroup analyses. The increases of risks of eGFR decline were also notorious among overall HCV-infected CKD patients. However, the risk associations were less prominent in subgroup analyses (elderly, women and diabetic patients). The findings highlighted the importance of viral diagnosis with not only prognostic but also public health implications for preserving kidney function.
Distinct immune microenvironment profiles of therapeutic responders emerge in combined TGFβ/PD-L1 blockade-treated squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Strait Alexander A. , Woolaver Rachel A. , Hall Spencer C. , Young Christian D. , Karam Sana D. , Jimeno Antonio , Lan Yan , Raben David , Wang Jing H. , Wang Xiao-Jing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTransforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are often overproduced in refractory squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We examined spatial patterns of PD-L1+ cells in mouse and human SCCs and found that PD-L1 was primarily expressed on infiltrating leukocytes. Although combined TGFβ and PD-L1 blockade are undergoing cancer clinical trials, there are no predictive markers for therapeutic responders. To address this, we used both a small molecule TGFβ inhibitor in combination with anti-PD-L1 and a bifunctional fusion protein targeting both TGFβ and PD-L1 to treat mouse SCCs and found TGFβ inhibition enhanced PD-L1 blockade-induced tumor eradication in multiple tumor models. Furthermore, we identified distinct cell populations of responders and non-responders to bintrafusp alfa, with responders showing a shift toward a more immune-permissive microenvironment. The cellular and molecular signatures of responders versus non-responders to combined TGFβ and PD-L1 blockade provide important insights into future personalized immunotherapy in SCC.
Optimising PHBV biopolymer production in haloarchaea via CRISPRi-mediated redirection of carbon flux
Authors: Lin Lin , Chen Junyu , Mitra Ruchira , Gao Quanxiu , Cheng Feiyue , Xu Tong , Zuo Zhenqiang , Xiang Hua , Han Jing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei is a potential strain for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) production, yet the production yield and cost are the major obstacles hindering the use of this archaeal strain. Leveraging the endogenous type I-B CRISPR-Cas system in H. mediterranei, we develop a CRISPR-based interference (CRISPRi) approach that allows to regulate the metabolic pathways related to PHBV synthesis, thereby enhancing PHBV production. Our CRISPRi approach can downregulate the gene expression in a range of 25% to 98% depending upon the target region. Importantly, plasmid-mediated CRISPRi downregulation on the citrate synthase genes (citZ and gltA) improves the PHBV accumulation by 76.4% (from 1.78 to 3.14 g/L). When crRNA cassette integrated into chromosome, this further shortens the PHBV fermentation period and enhances PHA productivity by 165%. Our transcriptome analysis shows that repression of citrate synthase genes redirects metabolic flux from the central metabolic pathways to PHBV synthesis pathway. These findings demonstrate that the CRISPRi-based gene regulation is a transformative toolkit for fine-tuning the endogenous metabolic pathways in the archaeal system, which can be applied to not only the biopolymer production but also many other applications.
Towards deeper understanding of multifaceted chemistry of magnesium alkylperoxides
Authors: Pietrzak Tomasz , Justyniak Iwona , Zelga Karolina , Nowak Krzysztof , Ochal Zbigniew , Lewiński Janusz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDespite considerable progress in the multifaceted chemistry of non-redox-metal alkylperoxides, the knowledge about magnesium alkylperoxides is in its infancy and only started to gain momentum. Harnessing the well-defined dimeric magnesium tert-butylperoxide [(f5BDI)Mg(μ-η2:η1-OOtBu)]2 incorporating a fluorinated β-diketiminate ligand, herein, we demonstrate its transformation at ambient temperature to a spiro-type, tetranuclear magnesium alkylperoxide [(f5BDI)2Mg4(μ-OOtBu)6]. The latter compound was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and its molecular structure can formally be considered as a homoleptic magnesium tert-butylperoxide [Mg(µ-OOtBu)2]2 terminated by two monomeric magnesium tert-butylperoxides. The formation of the tetranuclear magnesium alkylperoxide not only contradicts the notion of the high instability of magnesium alkylperoxides, but also highlights that there is much to be clarified with respect to the solution behaviour of these species. Finally, we probed the reactivity of the dimeric alkylperoxide in model oxygen transfer reactions like the commonly invoked metathesis reaction with the parent alkylmagnesium and the catalytic epoxidation of trans-chalcone with tert-butylhydroperoxide as an oxidant. The results showed that the investigated system is among the most active known catalysts for the epoxidation of enones.
Student Stories: Microaggressions in Communication Sciences and Disorders
Authors: Abdelaziz Mariam M. , Matthews Jairus-Joaquin , Campos Ivan , Kasambira Fannin Danai , Rivera Perez Jean F. , Wilhite Myrita , Williams Rachel M. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Microaggressions and how they affect underrepresented college students have been frequently documented. However, there is a lack of literature on the experiences of underrepresented communication sciences and disorders (CSD) students. The purpose of this study is to understand how underrepresented post baccalaureate, undergraduate, and graduate students in CSD experience microaggressions in their academic programs.

Method
A 19-item electronic survey was developed by American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Multicultural Issues Board and distributed via multiple online platforms. A diverse group of 155 underrepresented CSD students completed the survey. A multistage qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyze students' experiences.

Results
Students (64.51%) who completed the survey have experienced microaggressions in their academic programs. Prominent themes of students' descriptions of microaggressions included feelings of otherness, damaging generalization, maltreatment from faculty, and maltreatment from peers. Students reported various responses to microaggressions including identity management strategies, disengaging, and working hard to exceed expectations and to prove themselves.

Conclusions
This study illustrates the ways that underrepresented CSD students experience symbolic violence from clients, peers, and faculty. It has implications for the need to cultivate more inclusive learning and social environments in CSD programs. Further research is needed to explore the ramifications of microaggressions and ways to effectively reduce and eventually eradicate them.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.15240723
Zufriedenheit COVID-19-Erkrankter mit den Akteuren des Gesundheitssystems und der rehabilitativen Therapieversorgung unter Verwendung des COVID-19-Rehabilitation Needs Questionnaire (C19-RehabNeQ) in Bayern
Authors: Lemhöfer Christina , Best Norman , Bökel Andrea , Brugger Sebastian , Gutenbrunner Christoph , Loudovici-Krug Dana , Sturm Christian 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie sind wirtschaftlich, global aber auch individuell noch nicht abzu-schätzen. Aufgrund der Neuartigkeit wurden in Deutschland viele ad-hoc-Entscheidungen getroffen, die Einfluss auf das gesamte Gesundheitswesen hatten. Dies betraf sowohl Abläufe in Gesundheitsämtern, als auch direkt die medizinische Versorgung COVID-19-Erkrankter, die durch multiple Faktoren zum Teil keine adäquate ambulante Therapie erhielten. Das Ziel der Untersuchung war es, die Zufriedenheit von Personen während und nach COVID-19-Infektion mit den erhaltenen Therapien sowie den Akteuren des Gesundheitssystems darzustellen und somit diesen Aspekt in der aktuellen Diskussion stärker in den Fokus zu rücken.
Methodik Der neu entwickelte Fragebogen zur Erfassung von Rehabilitationsbedürfnissen und der Zufriedenheit von COVID-19-Erkrankten (Rehabilitation Needs Questionnaire (RehabNeQ)) wurde in einer Kooperation mit zwei bayerischen Gesundheitsämtern per Post im Juli 2020 an die Betroffenen versandt. Die Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv mit Darstellung der Häufigkeiten.
Ergebnisse 1027 Fragebögen wurden verschickt. Die Rücklaufquote betrug 41%. 365 Datensätze konnten ausgewertet werden. Der Altersdurchschnitt lag bei 49,8 Jahren. Insgesamt waren 43,8% mit den Angeboten des Gesundheitswesens während des Befragungszeitraumes zufrieden oder sehr zufrieden. 54% waren mit den Mitarbeitern des Gesundheitsamtes zufrieden. 28,5% gaben an, sich weitere Therapien gewünscht, diese aber vor allem durch Ablehnung oder fehlende Ansprechpartner, nicht erhalten zu haben. Nur ein geringer Anteil hatte Kontakt zu einem Facharzt für Physikalische und Rehabilitative Medizin. Termine in speziellen Nachsorgeeinrichtungen wurden von den meisten Befragten als weiterer Therapiewunsch genannt.
Schlussfolgerung Die Zufriedenheit mit den Beteiligten des Gesundheitswesens in den ersten Monaten der Pandemie war bei den Befragten der beiden bayerischen Landkreise hoch, wenngleich viele Befragte sich gewünscht hätten schneller besser informiert zu sein. Besonders bzgl. der erhaltenen Therapien zeigt sich weiterer Handlungsbedarf. Die multifaktoriellen funktionellen, zum Teil langanhaltenden Defizite nach einer SARS-CoV-2 Infektion bedürfen eines rehabilitativen Gesamtkonzepts. Die Bildung weiterer COVID-19 Nachsorgeeinrichtungen sollte Teil dieser Strategie sein, in denen eine multidisziplinäre Behandlung nach entsprechender Diagnostik stattfindet. Dadurch könnte zu einer schnelleren Rückkehr in die normale Belastbarkeit und Arbeitsfähigkeit beigetragen werden.
Schultermittel von Rhus bis Ledum
Authors: Blume Ralf 
Published: August 2021

SummaryDer Schultergürtel ist besonders verletzungsgefährdet, weil stabilisierende knöcherne Verbindungen zugunsten der Beweglichkeit weitgehend fehlen. In einem akuten Fall konnte eine unkomplizierte Sturzverletzung der Schulter erfolgreich durch Ledum palustre behandelt werden. Hinter der chronischen Heilungsstörung einer Operationsnarbe verbarg sich im zweiten Fall dieses Beitrags ein familiäres miasmatisches Thema mit Schwellung und Rötung im Bereich von Schulter und Ellenbogen.
Die drei Säulen des Faszien-Stress-Release
Authors: Balke-Holzberger Ulrike 
Published: August 2021

SummaryDie Faszien-Stress-Realease-Arbeit (FSR-Arbeit) basiert auf den drei Säulen: Körperübungen, neurogenes Zittern und Körperachtsamkeitsübungen.
Correlation between Restless Leg Syndrome and Superficial Venous Reflux
Authors: Dezube Aaron R. , Rauh Jake , Dezube Michael , Iafrati Mark , Rigo JoAnn , Muto Paula 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRestless leg syndrome (RLS) is a common cause of lower extremity discomfort. We hypothesized that patients with RLS symptoms have higher rates of deep and superficial venous reflux (SVR). Retrospective review of patients ≥18 years of age evaluated in a venous center from December 2018 to February 2019. Differences in rates of RLS symptoms, demographics, comorbidities, and clinical and radiologic presence of venous disease were analyzed. Overall, 207 patients were analyzed; 140 (67.6%) reported RLS symptoms (n = 25 with prior RLS diagnosis). RLS symptoms were more common with superficial or combined superficial and deep venous reflux (DVR) compared with those without reflux (p < 0.001). Patients with RLS symptoms as opposed to those without had similar demographics and comorbidities (all p > 0.05) but increased rates of venous pain, phlebitis, family history of venous disease, lower extremity swelling and SVR, and combined SVR and DVR (all p < 0.05). Our multivariable logistic regression found presence of SVR, and family history of venous reflux was associated with RLS symptomatology (all p < 0.001). Ninety-nine patients with RLS underwent ablation; of them, 93 had duplex-proven reflux resolution of which 81 (87%) reported RLS symptom improvement. This included 13 of 16 (81.3%) with prior RLS diagnosis. SVR is associated with increased rates of RLS symptoms in a vein center population. Therefore, RLS symptoms should trigger a targeted venous evaluation. Our results suggest that venous ablation may lead to resolution of RLS symptoms in patients with SVR, but randomized prospective trials with strict RLS definition criteria are warranted to confirm these outcomes.
Current Status of Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Prasad Kailash 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFifty percent of all death from cardiovascular diseases is due to coronary artery disease (CAD). This is avoidable if early identification is made. Preventive health care has a major role in the fight against CAD. Atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic plaque rupture are involved in the development of CAD. Modifiable risk factors for CAD are dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, cigarette smoking, obesity, chronic renal disease, chronic infection, high C-reactive protein, and hyperhomocysteinemia. CAD can be prevented by modification of risk factors. This paper defines the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of CAD. It discusses the mechanism of risk factor–induced atherosclerosis. This paper describes the CAD risk score and its use in the selection of individuals for primary prevention of CAD. Guidelines for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of CAD have been described. Modification of risk factors and use of guidelines for prevention of CAD would prevent, regress, and slow down the progression of CAD, improve the quality of life of patient, and reduce the health care cost.
Low Incidence of Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch Following Extremely Small Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement with 20-mm Sapien 3
Authors: Okajima Kazue , Komatsu Ikki , Seto Todd B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve replacement has been developed as an emerging technique to treat patients with aortic valve disease. However, safety and outcome data on extremely small transcatheter heart valves (THV) is limited. We aimed to assess hemodynamic profiles and clinical outcome of very small balloon expandable THVs with 20-mm Sapien 3 (SP3).We examined data for all patients who received third-generation SP3 THV at a single hospital. Complications and clinical outcomes were defined based on the VARC-2 criteria. Postoperative prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) was defined as indexed effective orifice area (EOA) < 0.85 cm2/m2. We compared clinical characteristics and outcome between patients with 20-mm (n = 21), 23-mm (n = 67), and 26- or 29-mm (n = 113) sized valves.The 20-mm group included significantly higher number of Asian and female populations with lower body surface area. The baseline CT annular area in the 20-mm group was 316.5 ± 24.9 mm2. There was no significant difference between groups in procedural mortality or early safety at 30 days. The higher procedural complication was observed in 20-mm group due to significant differences in minor vascular and bleeding complications. Despite higher post-THV gradients and smaller indexed EOA in 20-mm group, no PPM was observed in 20-mm group. The mortality at 30 days and 1 year in 20-mm group was 4.8% and 16.7%, respectively.The patients who received very small THVs with 20-mm SP3 did not result in PPM and experienced favorable early safety and midterm outcome in our cohort.
Energies, structures, and harmonic frequencies of small water clusters from the direct random phase approximation
Authors: Chedid Julianna , Jocelyn Nedjie , Eshuis Henk 
Published: August 2021

The binding energies, structures, and vibrational frequencies of water clusters up to 20 molecules are computed at the direct random phase approximation (RPA) level of theory and compared to theoretical benchmarks. Binding energies of the WATER27 set, which includes neutral and positively and negatively charged clusters, are predicted to be too low in the complete basis set limit by an average of 7 kcal/mol (9%) and are worse than the results from the best density functional theory methods or from the Møller–Plesset theory. The RPA shows significant basis set size dependence for binding energies. The order of the relative energies of the water hexamer and dodecamer isomers is predicted correctly by the RPA. The mean absolute deviation for angles and distances for neutral clusters up to the water hexamer are 0.2° and 0.6 pm, respectively, using quintuple-ζ basis sets. The relative energetic order of the hexamer isomers is preserved upon optimization. Vibrational frequencies for these systems are underestimated by several tens of wavenumbers for large basis sets, and deviations increase with the basis set size. Overall, the direct RPA method yields accurate structural parameters but systematically underestimates binding energies and shows strong basis set size dependence.
H-BN nanosheets obtained by mechanochemical processes and its application in lamellar hybrid with graphene oxide
Authors: Queiroz Sara M , Medeiros Felipe S , de Vasconcelos Cláudia K B , Silva Glaura G 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNowadays, hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNS) have shown promising results among 2D nanomaterials. A great effort has been made in recent years to obtain h-BNNS with a high-yield process to enable its large-scale application in industrial plants. In this work, we developed a mechanochemical method for obtaining h-BN nanosheets assisted by NaOH aqueous solution as process aid and aimed the ideal balance between yield, quality and process sustainability. Images obtained by transmission electron microscope suggested a great exfoliation of the h-BNNS in the range of 12–38 layers observed for well dispersed nanosheets. The macroscopic stability study, the polydispersity index, hydrodynamic diameter, and Zeta potential measurements suggested that material prepared in autoclave and ball milling followed by tip sonication process at 40 °C (h-BNNS-T40) could be considered the most promising material. The process used in this case reached a yield of about 37% of nanosheets with an optimal balance between quality and practicality. A hybrid lamellar material was also prepared by drop-casting and dip-coating techniques. An increase on thermal stability in oxidizing atmosphere was observed with respect to the pure graphene oxide (GO). Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy and RAMAN suggested the presence of chemical interactions between h-BNNS and GO in the hybrid. This fact supports the interest of extending the study of this hybrid (which has an easy preparation method) to further explore its applicability.
Application of Hierarchical Protection in Data Security of Internet of Things
Authors: Chu Liangyan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The traditional Internet of things data security focuses on the application of various security protection technologies, but this protection method is difficult to effectively cope with the growing protection needs and changing product forms. It needs to be constructed from two aspects of technology and management combined with the hierarchical protection system. Based on this, this paper first analyses the concept of Internet of things data security protection measures and level protection, and then studies the specific application process of hierarchical protection in computer Internet of things data security.
Research on the Application of Automatic Production Line Based on Computer Control Technology
Authors: Li Mingjun , Chen Deming , Wu Qing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Information technology and computer technology in every field of society are playing a huge role, in the field of automatic production, computer technology with its strong operation and calculation ability and data processing ability, further promote the centralized control of automatic assembly line. In the future, it is an inevitable trend for computer system to replace human control. The application of computer technology can not only greatly improve the control efficiency, but also save manpower and material resources to a greater extent, and promote the progress of production level as a whole. Computer control technology is a computer-based technology. It is of great significance to analyze the application of computer control technology in automatic production line. Just as technology has changed our lives, it has also changed the way we produce and work. Nowadays, with the development of computer technology, network technology, information technology and other high and new technologies, all fields of the society have undergone earth-shaking changes, including the field of industrial production. Now the industrial production has realized the automatic assembly line production, and in order to better control the automatic assembly line production, in order to ensure its production efficiency, safety and stability, it must be applied to the computer control technology. At the same time, the application of computer control technology also helps to save human and material resources, thus saving the overall production cost and improving the economic efficiency of enterprises.
Research and Development of Computer Control Technology Experiment System Based on Network
Authors: Wu Qiong , Li Mingjun , Chen Deming 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The state has sufficient funds to invest in education. However, schools in some remote areas still do not have enough funds to set up offline teaching laboratories. In addition, the lack of experimental resources in the school also led to the failure of some teaching courses [1]. Many schools spend a lot of effort to build computer-based control laboratories. Even many schools have developed control technology test-bed in order to save cost. However, due to the large volume of the test bed, its handling is very inconvenient. In order to solve the above problems, experts propose to establish an electronic laboratory in the network. In order to help the experimental courses of mechanical and electrical majors in some schools go smoothly, the research and development of the experimental system of computer control technology based on network has been in progress. This paper briefly introduces the design scheme of network control experiment system and the operation platform of software. In the end, the problems that should be paid attention to in the operation of the system are also put forward.