bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIFITAS PROGRAM CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PADA BAITUL MAL MUAMALAT LHOKSEUMAWE BAGI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Yoesoef Yoesrizal Muhammad , Marlida Marlida 
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs for the community. The results showed that: 1) The implementation of the BMM CSR Program of Lhokseumawe City was further developed by Baitul Maal Muamalat Lhokseumawe in order to be distributed appropriately and effectively, the programs are: a) Economic empowerment especially micro-economics b) Educational empowerment program. c) Social and humanitarian empowerment 2) Obstacles in carrying out the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Program in BMM Lhokseumawe City, are: a) Beneficiaries of compensation are higher than existing funds, b) There are people who do not understand yet about the community economic empowerment contract in the form of community economic empowerment qardhu hasan, so that many borrowers do not return it, consequently impacting on the next mustahik, c) The level of recipients of compensation is getting higher and higher, while the funds collected for each month do not add up to what is expected. With the results of the research that have been obtained, it is expected that going forward To the BMM Management Lhokseumawe City in order to increase instruction of activities to subordinate managers or commonly referred to employees, both directing operational products contained in BMM, and other directives.
Keywords: Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), BMM (Baitul Mal Muamalat)

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa bagaimana efektifitas program-program corporate social responsibility (CSR) bagi masyarakat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Pelaksanaan Program CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) BMM Kota Lhokseumawe itu dikembangkan lagi oleh pihak Baitul Maal Muamalat Lhokseumawe agar dapat disalurkan secara tepat dan efektif, yaitu: a) Pemberdayaan ekonomi khususnya ekonomi mikro b) Program pendayagunaan pendidikan. c) Pendayagunaan sosial dan kemausiaan 2) Kendala dalam menjalankan Program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)Pada BMM Kota Lhokseumawe yaitu: a) Penerima santunan lebih tinggi daripada dana yang ada, b) Masih terdapat masyarakat yang tidak memahami akan akad pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat dalam bentuk qardhu hasan, sehingga banyaknya peminjam yang tidak mengembalikannya, akibatnya imbas kepada mustahik yang selanjutnya, c) Tingkat penerima santunan semakin hari semakin tinggi, sedangkan dana yang terkumpul untuk setiap bulannya tidak terdapat penambahan sesuai dengan yang yang di harapkan. Dengan hasil penelitian yang sudah di dapatkan maka diharapkan untuk kedepannya Kepada Manajemen BMM Kota Lhokseumawe agar dapat meningkatkan pengarahan-pengarahan kegiatan kepada manajer bawahan atau biasa disebut dengan karyawan, baik itu pengarahan operasinal produk-produk yang terdapat pada BMM, maupun pengarahan lainnya.
Kata Kunci:Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), BMM (Baitul Mal Muamalat) Lhokseumawe
ETIKA BERBISNIS DALAM PANDANGAN ISLAM
Authors: Syahputra Angga 
Published: April 2021

Nowadays many business people run their business by ignoring ethics and only thinking about how to make a profit. Islam rejects those that override ethics in carrying out business activities. Ethics in general can be interpreted in the behavior or actions of a person or group of people who are accustomed to and always carried out in their life activities. Whereas Business is defined as an activity carried out by humans to obtain income or income or sustenance in order to meet the needs and desires of his life by managing economic resources effectively and efficiently.
Islamic business ethics is a process and effort to find out the right and wrong things which then do the right thing with regard to its business activities. In Islamic business ethics there are several principles that must be considered by everyone in running a business that is, unity / oneness, balance, freedom of will, responsibility, and truth.
Keywords: Ethics, Business, Islamic Business.

Abstrak
Saat ini banyak pebisnis yang menjalankan bisnis mereka dengan mengabaikan etika dan hanya memikirkan cara menghasilkan keuntungan. Islam menolak mereka yang mengesampingkan etika dalam menjalankan kegiatan bisnis. Etika secara umum dapat diartikan dalam perilaku atau tindakan seseorang atau sekelompok orang yang terbiasa dan selalu dilakukan dalam aktivitas hidupnya. Sedangkan Bisnis diartikan sebagai kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh manusia untuk memperoleh penghasilan atau pendapatan atau rezeki agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginan hidupnya dengan mengelola sumber daya ekonomi secara efektif dan efisien.
Etika bisnis Islam adalah proses dan upaya untuk menemukan hal-hal yang benar dan salah yang kemudian melakukan hal yang benar berkaitan dengan kegiatan bisnisnya. Dalam etika bisnis Islam ada beberapa prinsip yang harus diperhatikan oleh setiap orang dalam menjalankan bisnis yaitu, kesatuan/keesaan, keseimbangan, kebebasan, tanggung jawab, dan kebenaran.
Kata kunci: Etika, Bisnis, Bisnis Islam.
KEPUTUSAN BISNIS DAN TANGGUNGJAWAB DIREKSI DALAM PRINSIP FIDUCIARY DUTIES PADA PERSEROAN TERBATAS
Authors: Muhayatsyah Ali 
Published: April 2021

The main party charged with fiduciary duty is the board of directors. In UUPT No. 40/2007 it does not specifically regulate fiduciary duty but rather regulates general principles. From the general principle of fiduciary duty, directors in managing the company must pay attention to the interests of the company above other interests; directors must act in accordance with the aims and objectives of the company (intra vires), and pay attention to the limitations and restrictions determined by the law and the articles of association of the company. In carrying out their duties as directors, they are required to have in good faith and in full sense of responsibility; Directors must carry out their duties diligently, carefully, and smartly and skillfully.
Keywords: Directors, Fiduciary Duty, Business Judgment Rule, Limited Liability Company,

Abstrak
Pihak utama yang dibebankan kewajiban fiduciary duty adalah direksi. Dalam UUPT Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tidak mengatur secara khusus mengenai fiduciary duty tetapi mengatur prinsip-prinsip umumnya. Dari prinsip umum fiduciary duty makadireksi dalam mengurus perseroan harus memperhatikan kepentingan perseroan di atas kepentingan lainnya;direksi harus bertindak sesuai dengan maksud dan tujuan perseroan (intra vires), serta memperhatikan batasan dan larangan yang ditentukan UU dan anggaran dasar Perseroan. Dalam melaksanakan tugas sebagai direksi, diharuskan memiliki itikad baik (in good faith) dan tanggung jawab (in full sense of responsibility); Direksi harus melaksanakan tugasnya dengan rajin (diligently), penuh kehati-hatian (carefully), dan pintar serta terampil (skillfully).
Kata kunci: Direksi, Fiduciary Duty, Business Judgement Rule, Perseroan Terbatas,
ANALISIS AKAD MUSYARAKAH MUTANAQISHAH DITINJAU MENURUT EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Khairiati Khairiati , Ismaulina Ismaulina 
Published: April 2021

Allah SWT recommends that we help each other in terms of bermuamalah by providing working capital for people who need funds. This is like what the junk collector did to the community in Pulo Klat Village Samudera District, North Aceh Regency. The objectives of this study are: 1) to know the application of the Mutanaqishah Musyarakah contract on the collection of junk in Pulo Klat Village? This research uses qualitative methods with the type of field research. The results of the study found that: a) The application of the Musyarakah Mutanaqishah contract to the Junk Goods Collector in Pulo Klat Village, Samudera Subdistrict, North Aceh Regency in the form of unwritten cooperation, is carried out directly with the agreement of both parties, and the amount of capital taken is determined at the beginning of the agreement. While the distribution of profit percentages is based on the amount of profit earned per month by growing mutual trust between the two parties. This is in accordance with the view of Islamic economics but the cooperation is carried out not in writing and only relies on the very high mutual trust given to each recipient of capital
Keywords: Junk Goods, Sharia Economy, Musyarakah Mutanaqisah.

Abstrak
Allah SWT menganjurkan kita saling membantu dalam hal bermuamalah denganmenyediakan modal kerja bagi orang yang membutuhkan dana. Hal ini seperti yang dilakukan oleh para kolektor barang rongsokan kepada masyarakat di Desa Pulo Klat Kecamatan Samudera Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: mengetahui penerapan akad Musyarakah Mutanaqishah pada pengumpulan barang rongsokan di Desa Pulo Klat? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa: Aplikasi akad Musyarakah Mutanaqishah pada Pengumpul Barang Rongsokan di Desa Pulo Klat, Kecamatan Samudera Kabupaten Aceh Utara dalam bentuk kerjasama yang tidak tertulis, dilakukan langsung dengan kesepakatan kedua belah pihak, dan besaran modal yang diambil ditentukan diawal perjanjian. Sedangkan pembagian persentase keuntungan berdasarkan jumlah laba yang diperoleh perbulan dengan menumbuhkan rasa saling percaya antara kedua belah pihak. Hal ini telah sesuai dengan Pandangan ekonomi syariah tetapi kerja sama tersebut dilakukan tidak secara tertulis dan Hanya mengandalkan rasa saling percaya yang sangat tinggi yang diberikan kepada setiap penerima modal.
Kata kunci: Barang Rongsokan; Musyarakah Muntanaqisyah; Ekonomi Syariah
Intercultural Education in the Latin America University Context
Authors: Chamiquit Clelia Jima 
Published: April 2021

Aims: This research is focused on investigating whether intercultural education is a predominant factor in the quality of university education. Therefore, it arose as a research question; What is the approach that has been given to intercultural education in the university context to achieve educational quality? In view of this, the objective of the study is to carry out a critical review of several articles related to intercultural education in educational quality in the university context, published in scientific journals currently indexed in the most prestigious international databases.
Study Design: Qualitative approach, systematic review.
Place and Duration of Study: The research considered scientific articles based on intercultural education in several universities in different countries between the years 2017-2019.
Methodology: The search for scientific articles was carried out from October to December, for which various search criteria were used, including primary source: Pro Quest, Dialnet, Scielo, Scopus and EBSCO Host. The year of publication of the articles, which corresponds to the years 2017-2020 was considered.
Results: The articles where there is more research on the subject belong to the Scielo search engine, representing 30% of the information, followed by the Pro Quest and Scopus search engines with 20%, then EBSCO Host with 20% and finally Dialnet with 10%. It was evidenced that 90% of the articles present a qualitative approach and 10% represent descriptive research.
Conclusion: The research findings confirm that beyond the rhetoric and official discourse, intercultural education is still a concept to be researched, which requires the analysis of intercultural sensitivity, to dismantle the asymmetries that restrict the possibilities of articulating the spheres of the generation of knowledge and coexistence, which allow the proper development of all students without distinction of cultures.
Concentrations of Trace Metals in Three Leafy Vegetables (Telfairia occidentalis, Amaranthus viridis and Pterocarpus erinaceus) during the Dry Season in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Onah A. O. , Ameh G. I. , Nwani C. D. , Anumudu E. N. , Anukwu J. U. 
Published: April 2021

Aims: To investigate the trace metals, manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in vegetable samples (Telfairia occidentalis, Amaranthus viridis and Pterocarpus erinaceus) from three senatorial zones in Enugu state, Nigeria during dry season period.
Place of Study: The leaf samples were collected from three senatorial zones (Enugu north, Enugu west and Enugu east) of Enugu State Nigeria.
Methodology: The samples were collected fresh in January, February and March. Prior to analysis, each of the collected samples were dried at room temperature, pulverized using a ball mill and stored at room temperature. They were digested using the wet digestion method and individual metals analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Results: The results of the findings revealed that the concentrations of trace metals in the plant tissues were in the following decreasing order Fe > Zn > Mn > Cr > Co > Cd. Amaranthus viridis had the highest accumulation of trace metals while P. erinaceus had the least. Enugu East senatorial zone had the highest accumulation of Mn and Co in all the vegetable samples while Enugu West senatorial zone showed the highest accumulation of Ni, Cr, Zn and Fe in all the plant tissues. Enugu north senatorial zone had the least level of trace metals accumulation in the three plant tissues. Manganese contamination could be a result of mining, battery and automobile fume pollution which dissolve into the soil and are absorbed by plants more effectively during dry seasons.
Conclusion: To mitigate the unwanted increase of these metals in vegetables during the dry season, it is necessary to strengthen environmental waste disposal laws.
Oral Quercetin in Adult Patients as a Potential Nutraceutical against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Aguilar Juan Fernando Ibarra , Báez Gabriela Ariane Sanabria , Galeano Fernando 
Published: April 2021

Aim: To establishing the use of oral Quercetin as a potential nutraceutical against Coronavirus Disease 2019.
Methods: A descriptive, prospective longitudinal study was carried out on 52 patients treated at the ECOMED-LAMB Clinic, in the period from the onset of Covid-19 in our country, March 3, 2020 to January 2021.
Results: Were studied 52 patients COVID-19 positive, 20 (38.4%) were in preventive treatment and 32 patients (61.5%) was administered biological therapy once the diagnosis, no difference was found between female or male sex and the predominant age was those over 60 years. Twenty-four patients (70.6%) have presented at least one comorbidity.
The association of hospitalization with preventive treatment was not significant (p=0.166), we observed difference in the evolution of the patients (p= 0.084).
Conclusions: Quercetin could prevent and decrease the duration of SARSCoV-2 infections, it is plausible to propose the prophylactic use of this flavonoid in order to achieve clinical benefits.
Characterization and Ranking of Various Mix Ratios of Cow, Pig and Sheep Manure
Authors: Matwek Sheila Chepkirui , Nyaanga Daudi M. , Osodo B. O. 
Published: April 2021

This work determined the characteristics of various mix ratios of the cow to pig to sheep manures and ranked them with help of principal component analysis (PCA). Ten mix ratios (by mass) namely 1:1:1, 3:1:1, 1:3:1,1:1:2, 2:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:1:2, 1:3:3, 3:3:1, 3:1:3 of cow, pig and sheep manures respectively were selected. Laboratory analysis was done to determine the total solid (TS) content, carbon to nitrogen ratio, pH, and volatile solid (VS) content using standard procedures. The results obtained (except that of pure feedstocks) were subjected to principal component analysis to determine the principal component scores for the mix ratios to enable ranking. The total solids content of pure cow, pig, and sheep manure were found to be 19.18%, 23.50%, and 30.35% respectively. Corresponding carbon to nitrogen ratios values were 23.68, 13.27 and 29.00, pH values were 6.50, 7.90 and 7.00 and volatile content were 88.37%, 84.57% and 80.00%. Upon mixing the three manures at various mix ratios total solid content varies from 22.28% to 26.75%. Total solids content, carbon to nitrogen ratio, pH and volatile solids content varies from 22.28% to 26.75%, 18.76 to 25.05, 7.13 to 7.56 and 85.94% to 82.59% respectively. Using the first principal component scores mix ratio 1:1:3 of cow dung, pig, and sheep manure was the top-ranked followed by 3:1:3 and the third one was 1:1:2 with scores of 2.540, 1.638, and 1.580 respectively. The 4th ranked mix ratio was 1:3:3, 5th ranked was1:1:1, 6th ranked was 2:1:1, the 7th one was 3:1:1, 8th one was 1:1:2, then 3:1:1 and lastly 1:3:1 with the scores of 0.191, -0.006, -0.147, -0.259, -1.440, -1.810 and -2.287 respectively. Higher positive scores were associated with a possibility of producing higher biogas yield possibly due to the right combination of the several parameters in the mixture while a lower score might indicate a lower gas yield due to an improper combination of parameters. It was then concluded that principal component analysis is a suitable method for selecting few mix ratios to use in anaerobic digestion among the many. It saves on time and resources due to the reduced number of experiments.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some New Coumarin Incorporated Pyridine-3-carbonitrile Derivatives
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Kumar Pankaj , Nayak Prashant , Sandeep D. S. , Priya Sneh , James Jainey P. , Shravya H. 
Published: April 2021

Drug resistance causes serious difficulties in the routine therapy for curing common microbial infections. Thus it is very essential to develop new antimicrobial agents which can offer alternative treatments. The development of potent and effective antimicrobial agents is of utmost importance to overcome the emerging multidrug resistance strains of bacteria and fungi. The technique involves Knoevenagel reaction between substituted salicylaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate in presence of piperidine as catalyst to give 3-acetyl coumarin. The intermediate coumarinyl chalcones was synthesized by condensing with various substituted benzaldehyde in presence of ethanolic KOH. The final synthesized pyridine-3-carbonitrile derivative was prepared upon refluxing with coumarinyl chalcones with malononitrile in presence of ammonium acetate. All the newly synthesized compounds were assigned on the basis of IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral data. The finalsynthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity tube dilution method. Most of the compounds showed promising MIC by tube dilution method as compared to standard Cephalosporin.
Analytical Study of Diagnostic Role of Her2/Neu Expression In Gastroesophageal Lesions
Authors: Sheikh Abid Ashraf , Kumar R. Vinoth , Rao G. Bheema , Lilly S. Mary 
Published: April 2021

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the common types of malignant lesion and has its highest prevalence round the world. Though it is a common disorder, many of the patients only diagnose it in its advanced stage and these results in poor prognosis of the disease. In later stage, these lesions may severely develop in to lymph node metastasis and has more chances to spread across any of the vital organs. Barrett‟s esophagus, herpes simplex esophagitis, candidial esophagitis, leiomyoma, hyperplastic polyps are few of the benign and premalignant type of lesions. The advancement in endoscopy has opened many opportunities and diagnosis of all esophageal lesions became simple and effective. As the surgical procedures associated with the targeted therapy have become promising option for the treatment, many patients are being benefited out of technological advancement. The surplus of malignancies such as esophagus, esophago- gastric junction and stomach have become a significant health problem and threatening the people all over the world. Delayed diagnosis on these disorders particularly resulting in high mortality ratio and warrant for a systematic evaluation in patients. In this context, the present study analyse the association and prognostic significance of HER2/ neu in gastroesophageal lesions with other factors like age, size, histological type and grading and the incidence and distribution of gastroesophageal lesions in patients.
Emergent Midgap Excitons in Large‐Size Freestanding 2D Strongly Correlated Perovskite Oxide Films
Authors: Zhang Yuguo , Ma Haijiao Harsan , Gan Xin , Hui Yupeng , Zhang Yueying , Su Jie , Yang Ming , Hu Zhaosheng , Xiao Juanxiu , Lu Xiaoli , Zhang Jincheng , Hao Yue 
Published: April 2021

Abstract2D materials exhibit strong excitonic effects due to low dimensionality and enhanced Coulomb interactions, resulting in fascinating many‐particle phenomena like excitons. Though perovskite is a classical type of material hosting abundant correlated electronic phases, freestanding 2D perovskite oxides are not easy to fabricate and yet to be extensively studied. Here the realization of large size (1 × 1 cm2) freestanding perovskite SrTiO3 films, which show unexpected excitonic photoluminescence (PL) spectra and carrier dynamics, is reported. Two pronounced broad PL peaks emerge in 2D freestanding SrTiO3 films at 2.34–2.4 and 1.8–1.9 eV, of which the 2.34–2.4 eV emission originates from self‐trapped excitons localized within TiO6 octahedra, and the 1.8–1.9 eV peak from Ti vacancies. The time‐resolved PL shows a remarkable enhancement of nonradiative Auger recombination through three‐particle process, in which electron–hole excitons transfer their kinetic energy to other free electrons or holes. The results demonstrate unique excitonic properties in 2D perovskite SrTiO3 films and unravel their potential for high‐performance optoelectronic devices.
Short‐term responses of soils and crops to gypsum application on organic farms
Authors: Fleuridor Louceline , Herms Catherine , Culman Steven , Dick Warren A. , Paul Pierce A. , Doohan Douglas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGypsum is a high calcium (Ca) and sulfur (S) containing mineral used to improve soil fertility and physical characteristics in organic cropping systems. However, evidence regarding short‐term improvements in soil properties and increased crop yield is lacking. We conducted replicated experiments on 14 different organic dairy farm fields in five Ohio counties in 2017 and 2018. Our analysis evaluated short‐term effects of gypsum application on (a) nutrient concentrations in soils and crop tissues, (b) yield of corn (Zea mays L.) and forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.] or alfalfa–mixed grasses], and (c) and soil health properties. There were no effects on the yield of corn and forage after one or two annual gypsum applications. Still, gypsum consistently increased S concentrations (P < .1) in soil and crop tissues as soon as 5 mo after each application. Gypsum had no measured effects on soil mineralizable carbon (C), penetrometer resistance, or unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in the short term. Soil protein, permanganate oxidizable C, and Mehlich‐3 magnesium levels were lower after the second application (P < .1). Our results indicate a short‐term effect on some soil and crop nutrients but no additional benefits to soil health or crop yield in the short term when gypsum was applied to organically managed soils.