bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular subtyping and prognostic assessment of prostate cancer based on consensus genes
Authors: Meng Jialin , Guan Yu , Wang Bijun , Chen Lei , Chen Junyi , Zhang Meng , Liang Chaozhao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men all over the world. We performed molecular subtyping and prognostic assessment based on consensus genes in patients with PCa. Five cohorts containing 1,046 PCa patients with RNA expression profiles and recorded clinical follow-up information were included. Univariate, multivariate Cox regression analysis and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression was used to select prognostic genes and establish the signature. Immunohistochemistry staining, cell proliferation, migration and invasion assay were used to assess the biological function of key genes. 39 intersecting consensus prognostic genes from five independent cohorts were identified (P < 0.05). Subsequently, an eleven-consensus-gene-based classifier was established. Besides, multivariate Cox regression analyses proved that the classifier served as an independent indicator of recurrence-free survival in three of five cohorts. Combined receiver operating character (ROC) achieved synthesized effects by combining the classifier with clinicopathological features in four of five cohorts. SRD5A2 inhibits the cell proliferation, while ITGA11 promote cell migration and invasion, of which might through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. To conclude, we establish and validate an eleven-consensus-gene-based classifier, which adds prognostic value to the currently available staging system.
Disparity of Perception of Quality of Life Between Head and Neck Cancer Patients and Caregivers
Authors: Kassir Zachary , Li Jinhong , Harrison Christine , Johnson Jonas T. , Nilsen Marci L. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Caregivers are invaluable sources of support for individuals recovering from head and neck cancer (HNC). Accordingly, minimizing caregiver distress is essential to promote the well-being of both caregivers and their patients. This study assessed if psychosocial distress (i.e., anxiety and depression) among head and neck cancer caregivers is associated with a difference in how caregivers and their patients perceive patients’ quality of life (QOL) after treatment completion.
Methods

Caregivers completed the University of Washington QOL Questionnaire (UWQOL) for their patients while patients completed the survey as part of clinic intake. Linear regression was used to analyze the association between differences in caregivers’ and patients’ QOL scores and caregiver anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Questionaire-7) and depression (Patient Health Questionaire-8).
Results

Of 47 caregivers recruited, 42.6% (n = 20) viewed patient QOL more negatively than patients themselves. These caregivers scored significantly higher on the PHQ-8 than caregivers who agreed with patients (p ≤ .01).
Conclusion

Caregivers commonly view patients’ QOL more negatively than patients themselves. These caregivers tend to have greater psychosocial distress than caregivers who agree with their patients. Interventions designed to aid at-risk caregivers are critically needed.
Chemogenetic modulation of histaminergic neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus alters territorial aggression and wakefulness
Authors: Naganuma Fumito , Nakamura Tadaho , Kuroyanagi Hiroshi , Tanaka Masato , Yoshikawa Takeo , Yanai Kazuhiko , Okamura Nobuyuki 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Designer receptor activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) techniques are widely used to modulate the activities of specific neuronal populations during behavioural tasks. However, DREADDs-induced modulation of histaminergic neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus (HATMN neurons) has produced inconsistent effects on the sleep–wake cycle, possibly due to the use of Hdc-Cre mice driving Cre recombinase and DREADDs activity outside the targeted region. Moreover, previous DREADDs studies have not examined locomotor activity and aggressive behaviours, which are also regulated by brain histamine levels. In the present study, we investigated the effects of HATMN activation and inhibition on the locomotor activity, aggressive behaviours and sleep–wake cycle of Hdc-Cre mice with minimal non-target expression of Cre-recombinase. Chemoactivation of HATMN moderately enhanced locomotor activity in a novel open field. Activation of HATMN neurons significantly enhanced aggressive behaviour in the resident–intruder test. Wakefulness was increased and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep decreased for an hour by HATMN chemoactivation. Conversely HATMN chemoinhibition decreased wakefulness and increased NREM sleep for 6 hours. These changes in wakefulness induced by HATMN modulation were related to vigilance status transition. These results indicate the influences of HATMN neurons on exploratory activity, territorial aggression, and wake maintenance.
Predictors of Early-onset Neonatal Sepsis in Premature Newborns: Case Control Study
Authors: Takassi Ounoo Elom , Atakouma Yawo Dzayisse 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) is difficult to diagnose clinically because the semiology of premature newborns is poor during the first days of life. This study aimed to identify predictive factors of EOS in neonates less than 37 weeks gestational age in neonatal care at Louis Mourier Hospital. Method: This was a case-control study of all newborns <37 weeks of gestational age diagnosed and managed for EOS from January 1 to December 31, 2019. The main parameters studied were demographic characteristics, risk factors, biological and bacteriological characteristics. At the benchmarking level, the statistical tests used were the Mac Nemar test for qualitative variables and the paired Student's test for quantitative variables. Results: A total of 50 mother-child pairs were included in this study (25 cases and 25 matched controls). The results showed a statistically significant relationship between the birth of a child suffering from an EOS and between a premature rupture of membranes (PRM)> 18 h (68% of cases versus 36% of controls ( p: 0.042)); a positive culture of the placenta (p: 0.0002); a CRP> 6 mg / l (88% of cases against 20% of controls (p: 0.001)); a PCT> 0.6 ng / ml (72% of cases vs. 16% of controls (p: 0.001)). Grams negative including E. coli (44.5%) and Haemophilus Influenzae (14.8%) were the most common bacteria found. Conclusion: The search for risk factors must be systematic. The dosage of PCT must be coupled with that of CRP and the clinic must remain at the center of the diagnostic process.
Micro-Stratification for Malaria Transmission Risk in a High Burden Area of Honduras
Authors: Nicolas José Orlinder , Escobar Denis , Banegas Engels , Valdez José Ramón , Torres Rosa Elena Mejía , Singh Prabhjot 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

As Malaria cases are continuously reported across the globe, epidemiological and integral approaches should be considered for an optimal stratification on endemic areas for elimination goal. In Central America, a 75% reduction in malaria incidence has been reported between 2000 and 2015, similarly, in Honduras, more than 75% of total cases in 2016 were concentrated in 7 municipalities, mainly in Gracias Dios department. Achieve malaria elimination in Honduras demands the implementation of strategies to identify main hotspots.
Methods

Based on WHO guidelines, local malaria epidemiological data from case-based surveillance system of the Ministry of Health between January and December 2016 were analysed. Furthermore, on field evaluations were carried out in Puerto Lempira municipality, Gracias a Dios department to an analysis validation. Finally, a set of epidemiological components were generated and proposed together with risk-factor description and proposed actions for health system improvement.
Results

On 2016, Gracias a Dios reported 61% of total malaria cases in Honduras; based on our analysis, 12 micro-areas were identified, including epidemiological, entomological, and socio-demographic information from local technicians.
Conclusions

Malaria elimination in endemic areas urges implementation of different strategies, here we show the on-field micro-stratification process of 12 “micro-areas” carried out in one endemic department of Honduras. This information provides a more targeted strategy for diagnosis, treatment, and vector control interventions for malaria elimination goal in Honduras.
Impacts of Late-Spring North Eurasian Soil Moisture Variation on Summer Rainfall Anomalies in Northern East Asia
Authors: Sang Yinghan , Ren Hong-Li , Deng Yi , Xu Xiaofeng , Shi Xueli , Zhao Shuo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper reports findings from a diagnostic and modeling analysis that investigates the impact of the late-spring soil moisture anomaly over North Eurasia on the boreal summer rainfall over northern East Asia (NEA). Soil moisture in May in the region from the Kara-Laptev Sea coasts to Central Siberian Plateau is found to be negatively correlated with the summer rainfall from Mongolia to Northeast China. The atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with the anomalously dry soil are characterized by a pressure dipole with the high-pressure center located over North Eurasia and the low-pressure center over NEA, where an anomalous lower-level moisture convergence occurs, favoring rainfall formation. Diagnoses and Modeling experiments demonstrate that the effect of the spring low soil moisture over North Eurasia may persist into the following summer through modulating local surface latent and sensible heat fluxes, increasing low-level air temperature at higher latitudes, and effectively reducing the meridional temperature gradient. The weakened temperature gradient could induce the decreased zonal wind and the generation of a low-pressure center over NEA, associated with a favorable condition of local synoptic activity. The above relationships and mechanisms are vice versa for the prior wetter soil and decreased NEA rainfall. These findings suggest that soil moisture anomalies over North Eurasia may act as a new precursor providing an additional predictability source for better predicting the summer rainfall in NEA.
Robust Matrix Completion By Exploiting Dynamic Low-Dimensional Structures
Authors: Wang Ren , Gao Pengzhi , Wang Meng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the robust matrix completion problem for time-varying models. Leveraging the low-rank property and the temporal information of the data, we develop novel methods to recover the original data from partially observed and corrupted measurements. We show that the reconstruction performance can be improved if one further leverages the information of the sparse corruptions in addition to the temporal correlations among a sequence of matrices. The dynamic robust matrix completion problem is formulated as a nonconvex optimization problem, and the recovery error is quantified analytically and proved to decay in the same order as that of the state-of-the-art method when there is no corruption. A fast iterative algorithm with convergence guarantee to the stationary point is proposed to solve the nonconvex problem. Experiments on synthetic data and real video dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Fatal Community-Acquired Bloodstream Infection Caused By Klebsiella Variicola: A Case Report
Authors: Long Dali , Wang Yuhui , Wang Jinlong , Mu Sijie , Chen Li , Shi Xianqing , Li Jianquan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Klebsiella pneumoniae infection leads to significant concerns because of its varied manifestation and resultant mortality. While recent genetic structure analysis reveals that the higher virulence and mortality could be from its subspecies rather than Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, which is often misdiagnosed and underestimated in clinic because it’s difficult to distinguish Klebsiella pneumoniae from its subspecies using classic clinical examinations. This case study is the first in clinic to report the fast and fatal effect of Klebsiella subspecies, and serve as reference for doctors diagnosing similar diseases. Case presentation A 52-years male patient was admitted to hospital due to unknown high fever. All examinations excluded the viruses, fungi, mycoplasma/chlamydia and parasitic infection. Classic bacterial culture revealed the klebsiella pneumonia, however sensitive antibacterial adheres to drug susceptibility results failed to improve patient’s symptoms. His condition worsened and rapidly entered sepsis and subsequent sepsis shock, died within 72 hours of symptom onset. The PMseq-DNA Pro High throughput gene detection was acquired on second day after death revealing the mixed infection of klebsiella variicola and klebsiella pneumoniae. Clinic evidences suggested that Klebsiella variicola rather than klebsiella pneumoniae contributed to patient’s poor prognosis. Conclusions: This is the first case reported that patient died from klebsiella subspecies infection within short period of time. Which suggests that we should be alert to the clinical hazards and fatal effect of klebsiella subspecies. Classic method is limited in guiding the anti-infection therapy for complex cases, early genetic detection should be recommended in the diagnosis and management of complex infection.
The Effects of Al3(Sc, Zr) Precipitation Phase on Selective Laser Melting Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy: Microstructure, Mechanical properties and Fatigue resistance
Authors: Lee Liang-Yan , Chang Kai-Chieh , Zhao Jun-Ren , Hung Fei-Yi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, an Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy fabricated through selective laser melting (SLM) was subjected to a single-stage heat-treatment process and a two-stage heat-treatment process to determine the effect of heat treatment on the tensile properties and fatigue properties of the alloy at room temperature and high temperatures. The results indicated that heat treatment caused the precipitation of Al3(Sc, Zr), thus increasing the tensile strength. The dynamic strain aging of the SLM Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy disappeared as the tensile temperature increased. The alloy exhibited the highest tensile strength after it was subjected to the single-stage heat treatment at both room temperature and high temperatures owing to the precipitated phase distribution at the melting pool boundaries. However, fatigue resistance and high-temperature necking of the as-printed SLM Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy were problems that could not be resolved with the single-stage heat treatment. In the two-stage heat treatment, the precipitated phases exhibited a uniform distribution in the matrix, thereby reducing the high-temperature necking phenomenon. The two-stage heat treatment helped reduce the melting pool interface effect and strengthen the matrix, restricting the propagation of fatigue cracks and increasing the fatigue life of materials.
Effect of capsular tension ring on optical and multifunctional lens position outcomes: a systematic review and a Meta-analysis
Authors: Shou Xie Tang , Liu Xi , Zhu Jie , Li Xiuyun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the effect of capsular tension rings with multifunctional lens position and optical outcomes.METHODS: We defined multifunctional lens more than improve vision, but also restore visual quality. Search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library. Scopus for English-language articles published up to November 11, 2020. Randomized controlled trials and comparative prospective clinical trials were selected. Data extraction was completed by independent pairs of reviewers. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool for RCTs and select items from the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for comparative prospective clinical trials.RESULTS: a total of 5 randomized controlled trials and 6 prospective comparative clinical trials were included. Evaluating 1099 eyes of implantation intraocular lens. Capsular tension ring was helpful associated in un-corrected distance visual acuity (SMD: 0.54, 95%CI=0.15 to 0.94, P=0.829) in 1st month. Contrary to 1st month, no show positive effect in 3rd month un-corrected distance visual acuity (SMD: -0.30, 95%CI=-0.70 to -0.10, P=0.311), corrected distance visual acuity (SMD: 0.02, 95%CI=-0.78 to 0.81, P<0.001), sphere (SMD: 0.44, 95%CI=-0.43 to 1.31, P<0.001), cylinder (SMD: -0.12, 95%CI=-0.36 to 0.13, P=0.262), and spherical equivalent (SMD: 0.41, 95%CI=0.13 to 0.69, P=0.084). Our study also revealed low correlation between capsular tension ring and postoperative optical outcome with un-corrected distance visual acuity (SMD: 0.43, 95%CI=-0.69 to 1.56, P=0.001), corrected distance visual acuity (SMD: -0.11, 95%CI=-0.43 to 0.20, P=0.56), sphere (SMD: -0.26, 95%CI=-1.18 to 0.66, P=0.005), cylinder (SMD: 0.10, 95%CI=-0.39 to 0.59, P=0.075), spherical equivalent (SMD: 0.22, 95%CI=-0.10 to 0.54, P=0.849) in 6th month. The position of intraocular lens co-implantation with capsular tension ring was no significantly difference in 1st week with lens de-centration (SMD: -0.34, 95%CI=-1.19 to 0.51, P=0.038) and tilt (SMD: -1.00, 95%CI=-2.19 to 0.19, P=0.007), but capsular tension ring is helpful to prevent lens tilt in 1st month (SMD: -0.67, 95%CI=-1.08 to 0.27, P=0.323). In 3rd month, no significant difference between two groups in lens rotation (SMD: -0.51, 95%CI=-1.71 to 0.69, P<0.001).CONCLUSION: The correlation is low between capsular tension ring and postoperative optical outcomes and lens position, based on small numbers of studies in a short range of follow-up.
Characterization and Diversity of plant growth promoting Endophytic and Rhizosphere Bacteria isolated from theRhizosphere and tissues of Pepper and their effect on plant growth promotion and disease suppression of Phytophthora capsici
Authors: Admassie Mesele , Wold-Hawariat Yitbark , Alemu Tesefaye 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizo and endophytic bacteria were isolated from different parts of pepper from south eastern Ethiopia. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGP) are those that may be used to promote plant growth and suppress plant diseases. The objectives of this study were to identify and characterize PGPB indigenous to pepper rhizosphere and endophyte bacteria in Ethiopia, and to determine their capacity to suppress Phytophthora capsici in pepper. From a total of 60 isolates, 20 were selected based on their in vitro antagonism activity of phytopathogens and plant growth promoting traits. From the total 60 strains representing, 38 rhizosphere, and 22 endophytic bacteria were identified based on biochemical assays of semi-automated Vitec 2 compact and ten potential bacteria further identified by molecular methods. Results revealed that only one isolate of rhizosphere and three endophytic bacteria showed more than 50% suppression of test pathogens. The isolates were evaluated for their ability to solubilize phosphate, as well as for ammonia, indole acetic acid, hydrogen cyanide, and biofilm production. The selected isolates produced (0.2–93 µg mL− 1) of indole-3-acetic acid, without supplemented with tryptophan, while supplemented with tryptophan it produces (11.23–159 µg mL− 1). The activities of plant growth-promoting were assessed by measuring their effect on the number of lateral roots, root and shoot length of Arabidopsis plants, and germination percentage of pepper plants. Pepper plants grown from seeds that were treated with these PGPB strains showed significantly higher levels of germination, seedling vigor, and growth, compared to non-treated control plants. Since these PGPB inoculants showed multiple characters useful to the host plants, they may be used as an alternative in the production of new, safe, and effective seed treatments as bio-fungicides. Generally, this work exhibits the potential of bacterial isolates to control Phytophthora infection and promote plant growth.
Synthesis of a Triazine-Based Hyper Branched Macromolecule Charring Agent and its Effect on Flame-Retardant Thermoplastic Polyester Elastomer to Improve Anti-Dripping
Authors: Wang Zhengyi , Wu Wei , Lin Hongchen , Zhang Wenjing , Xu Xinzhu , Wang Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A triazine-based charring agent (CDS) was synthesized and combined with diethyl aluminum hypophosphite (AlPi) to develop an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system to improve thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) anti-dripping. The results showed that the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the TPEE/15AlPi/5CDS composite reached 30.2%, and it passed the V-0 test in vertical combustion (UL-94). The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that CDS had good thermal stability and high char residue (50.8wt%) at 700°C. And when combined with AlPi added to TPEE, which can improve its char residue ranges from 1.68wt% to 23.52wt%. The structure evolution during the heating process was studied by heating infrared spectroscopy (IR), and the morphology and chemical structure of char residues were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS). The high-efficiency flame-retardant TPEE composite formed a continuous, dense and porous char layer containing triazine ring and aromatic ring structure after combustion.
Performance evaluation of zirconium silicate composite for removal of cadmium and zinc ions
Authors: Attia Lamis A. , Sami N.M. , Hassan H.S. , Metwally Sayed 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purification of wastewater is preferred using the adsorption technique by the column due to the high efficiency of the process. The column studies are achieved to predict the removal of pollutants and clarify the adsorption capability of these pollutants in the treatment process of wastewater. Zinc and cadmium ions are presented in both radioactive and industrial wastes. Consequently, this work focused on the removal of zinc and cadmium ions from polluted wastewater using a fixed-bed column. Zirconia–silicate composite (ZrO2–SiO2) was produced using the sol-gel technique and analyzed for this purpose. Various parameters as bed depth (2, 3, and 5 cm), flow rate (2 and 3 mL/min), and initial ions concentrations (50–200 mg/L) were investigated. The column performance was computed to be 80.3 and 79.3% for Zn2+ and Cd2+, respectively, at the optimum conditions (3 cm bed depth, 2 mL/min flow rate, and 100 mg/L ions concentration). Thomas, Adams–Bohart, and Yoon–Nelson models were performed to estimate the breakthrough curves and compute the column model parameters which are valuable for process design. Thomas model presented the highest R2 values (0.84–0.97) and offered the most accurate estimation of the adsorption process.
Investigation on Wear Characteristics of Cemented Carbide Tools in Finish Turning Spherical Shells of Pure Iron
Authors: Chen Yu , Kong Jinxing , Zhang Zhenyu , Du Dongxing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A thin-walled spherical shell made of pure iron material is a key part of precision physical experiments. Tool wear is an important factor restricting its geometric accuracy. And tool wear characteristics of curved surface parts are significantly different from those of single-point turning due to the movement of the contact point between the tool and the workpiece. Hence, this article takes the pure iron spherical shell as the research object, which is aimed at investigating the formation mechanisms of flank wear land. Tool wear characteristics are compared between spherical shell turning and end face turning. The results show that uniform flank wear land and notable notch wear occur when turning end face, but notch wear disappears and only flank wear land exists when turning spherical shell. Based on major notch position and minor notch position, a mathematical model is developed to explain formation mechanisms of flank wear land during turning spherical shell of pure iron materials. Theoretical and experimental results show that flank wear land results from the major and minor notch movement. Spherical shell turning and end face turning have the same wear mechanisms, mainly composed of adhesive wear, diffusion wear and oxidation wear.