bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of vibration monitoring system for track beam of suspended permanent magnetic levitation train
Authors: Wang Tianyin , Tian Yin , Yang Jie 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to design a long-term vibration monitoring system for track beams of suspended maglev trains to ensure safe and smooth operation of the trains.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper begins by focusing on the selection of hardware for the wireless monitoring and acquisition terminal and the circuit design. It connects to a wireless Access Point (AP) via Wi-Fi and utilizes the Transport Control Protocol (TCP) to upload the sensor data collected by the monitoring terminal to the upper computer. Additionally, the design includes software for the upper computer to parse the uploaded data packets and create a visualization interface, which is crucial for monitoring the vibrations of the track beams.

Findings
The vibration monitoring system developed in this study can display the data collected by the monitoring terminal in real time on the upper computer, while also allowing remote commands to query the status of the monitoring terminal. Due to the low-power design of the monitoring and acquisition terminal, it is capable of meeting the long-term vibration monitoring requirements for the track beams. Through precision testing of the monitoring terminal, we can ensure that the sensors meet experimental requirements, providing reliable data support for scientific research.

Originality/value
The vibration monitoring system presented in this paper integrates modern wireless communication technology and data visualization technology.
The effect of a Veterans Affairs rapid rehousing and homelessness prevention program on long‐term housing instability
Authors: Chapman Alec B. , Scharfstein Daniel , Byrne Thomas , Montgomery Ann Elizabeth , Suo Ying , Effiong Atim , Shorter Christa , Huebler Sophia , Greene Tom , Tsai Jack , Gelberg Lillian , Kertesz Stefan G. , Nelson Richard E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of enrolling in Supportive Services for Veteran Families (SSVF) on short‐ and long‐term housing outcomes among Veterans experiencing housing instability.Study Setting and DesignWe analyzed data from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic health record (EHR) between October 2015 and December 2018 using the target trial emulation framework. Veterans were included in one or more trials if they were 18 years or older, had recent evidence of housing instability, had received care in VA for at least 1 year, and had never before enrolled in SSVF. Patients who enrolled in SSVF after meeting eligibility were assigned to the treatment group, while patients who did not enroll in SSVF were assigned to a control group. We extracted patients' housing outcomes from the EHR and modeled the probability of being unstably housed each day while accounting for confounders and irregular visit times.Data Sources and Analytic SampleWe extracted housing status and covariates from the VA Corporate Data Warehouse. Housing instability was ascertained using a combination of structured data elements and natural language processing.Principal FindingsWe identified 238,059 unique patients who met the eligibility criteria for one or more trials. The risk of housing instability decreased in both arms over the three years after initiating a trial but was lower among SSVF enrollees, with a risk difference of −12.9% (95% confidence band −14.6%, −11.2%) on Day 120 and an attenuated difference of −2.4% (−4.0%, −0.7%) on Day 1095.ConclusionsSSVF is one of the largest rapid rehousing and homelessness prevention programs in the nation. We found that SSVF improves housing outcomes over the three years following enrollment, but the effect reduces over time. These findings can inform policy and program design for improving housing outcomes for homeless‐experienced individuals.
Examining social attention as a predictor of problem drinking behavior: A longitudinal study using eye‐tracking
Authors: Han Jiaxu , Fairbairn Catharine E. , Venerable Walter James , Brown‐Schmidt Sarah , Ariss Talia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundResearchers have long been interested in identifying objective markers for problem drinking susceptibility informed by the environments in which individuals drink. However, little is known of objective cognitive‐behavioral indices relevant to the social contexts in which alcohol is typically consumed. Combining group‐based alcohol administration, eye‐tracking technology, and longitudinal follow‐up over a 2‐year span, the current study examined the role of social attention in predicting patterns of problem drinking over time.MethodsYoung heavy drinkers (N = 246) were randomly assigned to consume either an alcoholic (target BAC 0.08%) or a control beverage in dyads comprising friends or strangers. Dyads completed a virtual video call in which half of the screen comprised a view of themselves (“self‐view”) and half a view of their interaction partner (“other‐view”). Participants' gaze behaviors, operationalized as the proportion of time spent looking at “self‐view” and “other‐view,” were tracked throughout the call. Problem drinking was assessed at the time of the laboratory visit and then every year subsequent for 2 years.ResultsSignificant interactions emerged between beverage condition and social attention in predicting binge drinking days. In cross‐sectional analyses, among participants assigned to the control (but not alcohol) group, heightened self‐focused attention was linked with increased binge days at baseline, B = 0.013, Exp(B) = 1.013, 95% CI = [0.004, 0.022], p = 0.005. In contrast, longitudinal models indicated that heightened self‐focused attention among control participants while interacting with friends was linked with a more pronounced decline in binge drinking over time.ConclusionsThe relationship between social attention and problem drinking is complex and evolves over time. While dispositional self‐consciousness may act as a risk factor at the cross‐sectional level, it appears to serve a potentially protective function as participants mature into young adulthood. More broadly, results highlight potential utility for objective markers of self‐consciousness in the understanding of problem drinking etiology.
Climate Denialism
Authors: Pulles Tinus 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTClimate change imposes severe impacts on society and the economy. Solving this problem may require a major redesign of how available resources on our planet are exploited, and those changes induce resistance. Therefore, the general public and politicians welcome claims that climate change is not as bad as scientists conclude. An article in this issue by May and Crok casting doubt on the conclusions of climate science was submitted to this journal and apparently passed peer review. On that basis, the authors claim authority and a high status for their article in posts on social media. However, there are serious problems with this article. It applies a number of logical fallacies frequently used by climate denialists. Rather than debunking all of these fallacies, the present article uses the one by May and Crok to showcase several of these fallacies. These include examples of rhetorical tricks denialists frequently use to cast doubt on the major findings of climate science such as use of fake experts, cherry picking, creating false expectations, and misrepresentations of available understanding.
Perfusion Pressures and Weight Loss During Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Human Donor Livers
Authors: Lascaris Bianca , Bodewes Silke B. , Thorne Adam M. , van den Heuvel Marius C. , de Haas Robbert J. , Nijsten Maarten W. N. , de Meijer Vincent E. , Porte Robert J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNormothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is increasingly used to preserve and assess donor livers prior to transplantation. Due to its success, it is expected that more centers will start using this technology. However, NMP may also cause adverse effects.MethodsIn this retrospective, observational study, we investigated the effect of NMP pressures on donor liver weight, post‐transplant outcomes, and hepatic perfusion characteristics. A total of 36 livers were transplanted after NMP. NMP perfusion pressure settings were lowered from a median (IQR) of 47 mmHg (42–54) to 34 mmHg (30–39) for the hepatic artery (HA), and from 8 mmHg (7–10) to 7 mmHg (6–8) for the portal vein (PV) to diminish potential edema formation inside the liver.ResultsThis change appeared to lead to a reduction of liver weight after NMP (−22 g to −143 g, p = 0.02), without affecting the PV flow velocity (35.5 to 48.0 cm/s, p = 0.54), or hepatocellular injury markers during NMP (AST 1511–1148 U/L, p = 0.44; ALT 318–849 U/L, p = 0.35), and post‐transplantation outcomes. Changes in liver weight correlated significantly with the applied PV pressure during NMP (r = 0.52, p < 0.01) and the HA flow (r = 0.38, p < 0.05).ConclusionNMP can lead to a reduction in liver weight, which might be masked by edema when high perfusion pressures are used. We encourage applying the lowest perfusion pressures possible to reach adequate flows and oxygen supply during liver NMP.
Artificial intelligence chatbots mimic human collective behaviour
Authors: He James K. , Wallis Felix P. S. , Gvirtz Andrés , Rathje Steve 
Published: December 2024

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots, such as ChatGPT, have been shown to mimic individual human behaviour in a wide range of psychological and economic tasks. Do groups of AI chatbots also mimic collective behaviour? If so, artificial societies of AI chatbots may aid social scientific research by simulating human collectives. To investigate this theoretical possibility, we focus on whether AI chatbots natively mimic one commonly observed collective behaviour: homophily, people's tendency to form communities with similar others. In a large simulated online society of AI chatbots powered by large language models (N = 33,299), we find that communities form over time around bots using a common language. In addition, among chatbots that predominantly use English (N = 17,746), communities emerge around bots that post similar content. These initial empirical findings suggest that AI chatbots mimic homophily, a key aspect of human collective behaviour. Thus, in addition to simulating individual human behaviour, AI‐powered artificial societies may advance social science research by allowing researchers to simulate nuanced aspects of collective behaviour.
Revisiting the phylogeny of royal ferns (Osmundales) through the lens of character dependence and restudied fossil taxa questions existing family and subfamily concepts
Authors: Urrea María José , Yañez Agustina , Flores Jorge R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe royal ferns (Osmundales) are a morphologically diverse group of leptosporangiate ferns, the fossil record of which dates back to the Permian. Despite there being numerous described permineralized species, the phylogenetic relationships between extinct species remain contentious. Although several analytical approaches have been applied to infer well‐resolved phylogenetic hypotheses—even methods that are arguably conceived to be better at dealing with data conflict and uncertainty, many taxa have not been assigned to specific taxonomic categories. Here, we evaluate the phylogenetic affinities in Osmundales by reanalysing a dataset comprising an extensive taxon sampling of fossil Osmundalean rhizomes. The impact of both character dependence and weighting characters against homoplasy on the inferred topologies is also evaluated. Our analyses cast doubts on the monophyly of Osmundaceae and Guaireaceae. Subfamily Itopsidemoideae was rendered monophyletic when inferences were conducted by considering character dependence and downweighting characters. The subfamily Osmundoideae was retrieved monophyletic only under one concavity value and using character dependence while the remaining subfamilies included fossils with uncertain affinities within Osmundales. The position of Osmundacaulis, for instance, was recovered as a sister taxon to guaireoid fossils. To recover the monophyly of the categories below the subfamily level, incorporating character dependence and/or weighting against homoplasy was necessary. Consistent with previous studies, multiple taxa were unstable, leaving their phylogenetic affinities unclear. Our analyses underline the impact of accounting for both character dependence and weighting against homoplasy, especially when considering the contribution of missing data to observed homoplasy. Ultimately, these considerations yield markedly different topologies that imply contrasting classification schemes, highlighting the complexity inherent in resolving the evolutionary history of royal ferns.
Imprecise Coding in Allergic Contact Dermatitis: A Register‐Study From Northern Finland Between Years 1999 and 2022
Authors: Kämäräinen Jenni , Loukkola Touko , Mikkola Joanna , Sivonen Minna , Jokelainen Jari , Kiviniemi Eetu , Huilaja Laura , Sinikumpu Suvi‐Päivikki 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRegistry‐based data are increasingly used in dermatological research. A recent epidemiological study has shown that the use of non‐specific diagnostic codes is common among dermatologists.ObjectivesTo study closely the use of the diagnostic codes L23.8 (‘allergic contact dermatitis [ACD] for other agents’) and L23.9 (‘ACD with unspecified cause’) by using single‐centre data.Patients/Materials/MethodsThis retrospective study included all patients whose record contained at least one entry of either code, recorded at the Oulu University Hospital, Finland, between the Years 1999 and 2022.ResultsThe database search retrieved records of 472 patients with the L23.8 code, 264 patients with L23.9. Over the 20‐year follow‐up period, the use of L23.8 increased and that of L23.9 decreased. In most (85.1%) cases, the L23.8 code was used even though the more specified L23 code could have been chosen. In one‐third of cases, L23.8 was used to cover ACD with multiple allergens that would otherwise be identified by their specific sub‐codes. The L23.9 code was used most often prior to patch testing (69.1% cases).ConclusionsThis study revealed several imprecisions in the use of both codes. Our study highlights the importance of correct coding in clinical practice, as it emphasises the most common pitfalls.
Implementation of a Comprehensive Protocol for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in Kidney Transplant Recipients Improves Patient and Graft Outcomes
Authors: Eltemamy Mohamed , Oh Paul J. , Siddiqui Hafiz Umair , Lin Yi‐Chia , Lansang M. Cecilia , Poggio Emilio , Goldfarb David , Krishnamurthi Venkatesh , Wee Alvin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have gained widespread acceptance as a means to enhance surgical outcomes. However, the intricate care required for kidney transplant recipients has not yet led to the establishment of a universally recognized and dependable ERAS protocol for kidney transplantation.ObjectiveWe devised a customized ERAS protocol to determine its effectiveness in improving surgical and postoperative outcomes among kidney transplant recipients.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective, single‐center study performed at our tertiary care institution. Three hundred and fifty‐six patients in the conventional group (from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017) and 442 patients from the ERAS group (from January 1, 2018 to June 1, 2020) were compared. Patients were followed for 1 year postoperatively.InterventionChanges were made in the preoperative, operative, postoperative, and outpatient follow‐up settings after transplantation.Outcome Measurements and Statistical AnalysisPrimary endpoints were hospital length of stay (LOS) and 30‐day readmission rates. We also measured surgical outcomes, graft performance, and patient survival. Wilcoxon rank‐sum, Pearson's Chi‐squared, or Fisher's exact tests were used to compare groups.ResultsOur ERAS protocol was associated with a decrease in hospital LOS from 5 to 3 days (p < 0.001) and 57.1% lower odds of hospital readmissions within 30 days compared to the conventional group (p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.26–0.7). Decreases in operative estimated blood loss, blood transfusion rates, and delayed graft function were also associated with the ERAS protocol.ConclusionOur multi‐layered ERAS protocol is effective in improving outcomes for kidney transplant recipients. A future multi‐institutional study with healthcare savings analysis may suggest that widespread benefits are yet to be realized by the greater implementation of such enhanced recovery protocols.
Do Factors Influencing Acceptance of Kidney Stone Formers as Donors Predict Subsequent Stone Events?
Authors: Keddis Mira T. , Howard Matthew R. , Zhang Nan , Quillen Jaxon K. , D'Costa Matthew R. , Khamash Hasan A. , Jadlowiec Carrie C. , Wadei Hani M. , Porter Ivan E. , Stern Karen L. , Rule Andrew D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThis study aimed to assess whether kidney stone burden and risk factors at the time of kidney donor evaluation were associated with a symptomatic stone event post‐donor evaluation.MethodsWe identified adults evaluated at Mayo Clinic (two sites) (2000–2011) for living kidney donation and had either a personal history or radiological evidence of kidney stone disease. We analyzed demographics, stone risk factors, stone number/size, and the committee's donation decision and reasons. A follow‐up survey (2022–2023) assessed post‐evaluation symptomatic kidney stones and related morbidity.ResultsAmong 412 potential donors with kidney stone disease, 258 donated, 75 did not donate due to kidney stones, and 79 did not donate for other reasons. Multivariable analysis showed that candidates not donating due to stones had higher body mass index (BMI), prior symptomatic kidney stones, multiple stones on imaging, bilateral kidney stones, and diameter of largest stone ≥3 mm. Of 147 who completed the survey, 26 (18%) had a symptomatic kidney stone post‐donor evaluation. Younger age (p = 0.031) and multiple stones on imaging (p = 0.02) were significant predictors of post‐evaluation symptomatic stones regardless of donation status (p = 0.41).ConclusionsStone burden on imaging and prior symptomatic stone events were associated with not donating. Younger age and stone burden on imaging were the primary risk factors for a symptomatic kidney stone event after donor evaluation.
A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multiple dose, parallel study to investigate the effects of a cathepsin S inhibitor in celiac disease
Authors: Bentley Darren , Mannino Marie , Manchester Marianne , Teixeira Priscila Camillo , Reis Bernhard , Boyce Malcolm , Nagel Sandra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCeliac disease is a chronic, immune‐mediated enteropathy with symptoms triggered by exposure to dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. The only available management option is lifelong adherence to a gluten‐free diet. This randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group, single‐center study tested the effects of the cathepsin S inhibitor RO5459072 on the immune response to a 13‐day gluten challenge in 19 participants with celiac disease (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02679014). Nine participants in the RO5459072 arm received 100 mg study drug b.i.d. (200 mg daily); 10 received a placebo. The primary end point was the number of responders to the gluten challenge (defined as individuals with an increase in the number of gliadin‐specific, IFNγ‐secreting T cells detected using an ELISPOT assay). However, there was a weak response to the gluten challenge across both arms. Few participants had an increase in gliadin‐specific, IFNγ‐secreting T cells, and the antigen‐specific responses (anti‐tTG and anti‐DGP antibodies) were weaker than expected in both arms. Therefore, the primary end point was not met, although the study was underpowered to detect a treatment effect under these circumstances. Pharmacodynamic findings suggested that RO5459072 had some beneficial effects. Fewer participants in the RO5459072 arm exhibited gliadin‐specific IFNγ‐secreting T cells after 6 days' gluten intake. Participants in the RO5459072 arm also showed decreased intestinal permeability, and a decrease in the number of circulating B cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells compared to baseline. Nevertheless, the absence of clear effects on the response to a gluten challenge indicates that inhibition of cathepsin S may not be an effective treatment strategy for celiac disease.
Twice Upon a Time: Children Use Syntax to Learn the Meanings of Yesterday and Tomorrow
Authors: Maheshwari Urvi , Barner David 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTime words like “yesterday” and “tomorrow” are abstract, and are interpreted relative to the context in which they are produced: the word “tomorrow” refers to a different point in time now than in 24 h. We tested 112 three‐ to five‐year‐old English‐ and Hindi‐speaking children on their knowledge of “yesterday” and “tomorrow,” which are represented by the same word in Hindi‐Urdu: “kal.” We found that Hindi learners performed better than English learners when tested on actual past and future events, but that performance for hypothetical events was poor for both groups. Compatible with a “syntactic cues” account, we conclude that syntactic tense information—which is necessary for differentiating “yesterday” from “tomorrow” in Hindi—may play a stronger role in learning the deictic status of these words than mapping of specific words to particular past and future events (“event mapping”).
Forming Connections: Functional Brain Connectivity is Associated With Executive Functioning Abilities in Early Childhood
Authors: Kelsey Caroline , Kamenetskiy Adelia , Mulligan Kaitlin , Tiras Carly , Kent Michaela , Bayet Laurie , Richards John , Bosquet Enlow Michelle , Nelson Charles A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies with adults provide evidence that functional brain networks, including the default mode network and frontoparietal network, underlie executive functioning (EF). However, given the challenges of using fMRI with infants and young children, little work has assessed the developmental trajectories of these networks or their associations with EF at key developmental stages. More recently, functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has emerged as a promising neuroimaging tool which can provide information on cortical functional networks and can be more easily implemented with young children. Children (N = 207; n = 116 male; n = 167 White) had fNIRS data recorded at infancy, 3, 5, and 7 years of age while watching a 2‐min nonsocial video. At 3, 5, and 7 years, children completed behavioral assessments and parents completed questionnaires to assess child EF abilities. Results showed that, although early functional brain network connectivity was not associated with later functional brain connectivity, EF was concurrently and longitudinally associated with functional connectivity levels in both networks. Overall, these results inform the understanding of early emerging neural underpinnings of regulatory abilities and point to considerable change in the composition of functional brain networks and a conservation of function across development.