bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection by Number of Vaccine Doses Among US Adults
Authors: Abel Mary Kathryn , Mann Amandeep K , Sonawane Kalyani , Kapp Daniel S , Deshmukh Ashish A , Chan John K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is effective at reducing the incidence of cervical cancer caused by HPV. Studies have shown that 1 dose of the HPV vaccine offers comparable protection against genital HPV infection as additional doses; however, it is unknown whether oral HPV prevalence also differs by number of vaccine doses. We examined differences in prevalence of oral HPV by number of doses using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 to 2016. The prevalence of HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18 infections was statistically significantly lower in individuals who received 1 dose (0.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.0% to 0.9%) or 2-3 doses (0.4%, 95% CI = 0.0% to 1.2%) compared with unvaccinated individuals (1.2%, 95% CI = 0.9% to 1.6%). Smokers, individuals who initiated oral sex at age 17 years or younger, and those with more than 2 oral sexual partners had higher rates of oral HPV infection. Ongoing prospective studies are essential to further evaluate the efficacy of a single-dose regimen for prevention of oral HPV.
Trends in Opioid Use Among Cancer Patients in the United States: 2013-2018
Authors: Chen Yingxi , Spillane Susan , Shiels Meredith S , Young Lauren , Quach David , Berrington de González Amy , Freedman Neal D 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
In response to the US opioid epidemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention updated their guideline on prescription opioids for chronic pain management in March 2016. The aim of this study was to provide detailed analysis of trends in opioid claims among cancer patients in the United States during 2013-2018.

Methods
We analyzed pharmaceutical dispensing data from Symphony Health’s Integrated Dataverse database, which covers approximately 80% of the US population. We examined annual trends in dispensed opioids in cancer patients during 2013-2018. We examined quarterly trends of the prevalence, mean number of days, and dose (stated as morphine milligram equivalents) of opioid dispensing in cancer patients.

Results
Dispensing records of an average of over 3.7 million cancer patients contributed to the study annually in 2013-2018. The annual prevalence of opioid dispensing claims declined from 40.2% in 2013 to 34.5% in 2018. Annual declines occurred across cancer sites, and particularly among patients with metastatic cancer (decline of 19.8%), breast cancer (18.2%), and lung cancer (13.8%). By quarter, the prevalence of opioid claims declined statistically significantly from 26.6% in Q1 2013 to 21.2% in Q4 2018; this decline was more pronounced after Q3 2016 (2-sided P = .004). Both quarterly trends in mean days and morphine milligram equivalents of opioids supplied showed a gradual decline from 2013 to 2018, with a slightly larger decline after 2016.

Conclusions
We observed a decline in opioid use among cancer patients, particularly after 2016, coinciding with the publication of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s guideline on prescription opioids for chronic pain management.
Freshwater gastropod richness patterns along an urbanization gradient in tropical India
Authors: Kulkarni Mihir R , Bagade Akash , Padhye Sameer M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Data on the urbanization impact on freshwater biota and ecosystem function are limited from many developing countries despite being recognized as a driver for biodiversity loss. To study these impacts, we analysed the species richness and diversity patterns of freshwater gastropods along a gradient of urbanization in a river system around Pune city, India. We observed a significant reduction in species richness, faunal similarity and an increased proportion of non-native species with increasing urbanization. These impacts were prominent in highly urbanized sites of the rivers suggesting biotic homogenization. Our results underscore the great impacts of urbanization on freshwater biota, highlighting the need for further studies in developing regions.
Planets or asteroids? A geochemical method to constrain the masses of White Dwarf pollutants
Authors: Buchan Andrew M , Bonsor Amy , Shorttle Oliver , Wade Jon , Harrison John , Noack Lena , Koester Detlev 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Polluted white dwarfs that have accreted planetary material provide a unique opportunity to probe the geology of exoplanetary systems. However, the nature of the bodies that pollute white dwarfs is not well understood: are they small asteroids, minor planets, or even terrestrial planets? We present a novel method to infer pollutant masses from detections of Ni, Cr, and Si. During core–mantle differentiation, these elements exhibit variable preference for metal and silicate at different pressures (i.e. object masses), affecting their abundances in the core and mantle. We model core–mantle differentiation self-consistently using data from metal–silicate partitioning experiments. We place statistical constraints on the differentiation pressures, and hence masses, of bodies which pollute white dwarfs by incorporating this calculation into a Bayesian framework. We show that Ni observations are best suited to constraining pressure when pollution is mantle-like, while Cr and Si are better for core-like pollution. We find three systems (WD0449-259, WD1350-162, and WD2105-820) whose abundances are best explained by the accretion of fragments of small parent bodies (&lt;0.2 M⊕). For two systems (GD61 and WD0446-255), the best model suggests the accretion of fragments of Earth-sized bodies, although the observed abundances remain consistent (&lt;3σ) with the accretion of undifferentiated material. This suggests that polluted white dwarfs potentially accrete planetary bodies of a range of masses. However, our results are subject to inevitable degeneracies and limitations given current data. To constrain pressure more confidently, we require serendipitous observation of (nearly) pure core and/or mantle material.
Catching a grown-up starfish planetary nebula – II. Plasma analysis and central star properties of PC 22
Authors: Sabin L , Gómez-Llanos V , Morisset C , Gómez-González V M A , Guerrero M A , Todt H , Fang X 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
After performing the morpho-kinematic analysis of the planetary nebula (PN) PC 22, we now present its nebular and stellar analysis. The plasma investigation relies on the novel use of a Monte Carlo analysis associated with the pyneb code for the uncertainty propagation. The innermost region of the nebula shows electronic temperatures Te ≈ 10 800 K using [N ii] and ≈13 000 K using [O iii] and electronic densities ne ≈ 600 cm−3. We also used for the first time a machine learning algorithm to calculate ionization correction factors (ICFs) specifically adapted to PC 22. This has allowed us to have pioneer ICFs for (S+ + S++)/O++, Cl++/O++, and Ar3+ + Ar4+, as well as a possible new determination for the total abundance of neon. The study of the stellar spectrum revealed the presence of broad emission lines consistent with a Wolf–Rayet-type [WR] classification and more precisely a [WO1] subtype based on different qualitative and quantitative criteria. This classification is also coherent with the high stellar temperature derived from the reproduction of the ionization state of the gas with the Mexican Million Models data base (3MdB) and the best-fitting model obtained with the NLTE model atmosphere code PoWR. PC 22 is therefore a new addition to the [WO1]-subtype PNe.
Dynamical tides in eccentric binaries containing massive main-sequence stars: analytical expressions
Authors: Su Yubo , Lai Dong 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Tidal evolution of eccentric binary systems containing at least one massive main-sequence (MS) star plays an important role in the formation scenarios of merging compact-object binaries. The dominant dissipation mechanism in such systems involves tidal excitation of outgoing internal gravity waves at the convective-radiative boundary and dissipation of the waves at the stellar envelope/surface. We have derived analytical expressions for the tidal torque and tidal energy transfer rate in such binaries for arbitrary orbital eccentricities and stellar rotation rates. These expressions can be used to study the spin and orbital evolution of eccentric binaries containing massive MS stars, such as the progenitors of merging neutron star binaries. Applying our results to the PSR J0045-7319 system, which has a massive B-star companion and an observed, rapidly decaying orbit, we find that for the standard radius of convective core based on non-rotating stellar models, the B-star must have a significant retrograde and differential rotation in order to explain the observed orbital decay rate. Alternatively, we suggest that the convective core may be larger as a result of rapid stellar rotation and/or mass transfer to the B-star in the recent past during the post-MS evolution of the pulsar progenitor.
Transitioning from paediatric to adult rheumatological healthcare: English summary of the Japanese Transition Support Guide
Authors: Mori Masaaki , Akioka Shinji , Igarashi Toru , Inoue Yuzaburo , Umebayashi Hiroaki , Ohshima Shiro , Nishiyama Susumu , Hashimoto Motomu , Matsui Toshihiro , Miyamae Takako , Yasumi Takahiro 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Issues related to transitioning from paediatric to adult healthcare are currently receiving international attention. In Japan, 1000 patients with childhood-onset chronic rheumatological diseases reach adulthood every year and require transition from care by paediatric to care by adult rheumatologists. Here, we propose a guide for the latter, wherein the adult caregiver poses the clinical questions about transitional support that they need to have answered, and the paediatric caregiver mainly compiles the plans for the transition. To formulate the guide, we sought comments from both the Japan College of Rheumatology and the Pediatric Rheumatology Association of Japan and obtained their approval. Here, we present the outcome of this consultation in the form of a Guide for Supporting Transitional Care, aiming to provide essential knowledge to physicians in the fields of adult internal medicine and orthopaedics who may be involved in treating patients with rheumatic disease during the transition from paediatric to adult care. The features of transitional support that are common for patients with various different rheumatic diseases are presented in this guide, with the aim of informing policy and strategies to deliver optimal outcomes in transitional care by non-paediatric rheumatologists.
Factors associated with bone erosion in patients with gout: A dual-energy gemstone spectral imaging computed tomography study
Authors: Liu Xiaofei , Li Baige , Zhang Xiaohuan , Mo Shiyan , Liang Dongfeng , Zhu Jian 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the factors influencing bone erosion (BE) in patients with gout using dual-energy gemstone spectral imaging computer tomography.

Methods
We compared the clinical data, laboratory indices, and tissue urate levels at the monosodium urate (MSU) bone interface measured by dual-energy gemstone spectral imaging computed tomography of 87 gout patients with (n = 41) and without (n = 46) BE. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors associated with BE.

Results
In total, 47.1% of patients with gout had BE. The disease duration, serum uric acid, tissue urate levels, and the presence of tophi were significantly higher (p &lt; .05) in gout patients with BE than in those without BE. Longer disease duration (odds ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.24, p &lt; .05) and increased tissue urate levels (odds ratio = 1.01, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.02, p &lt; .05) were independently associated with BE. Tissue urate levels at the MSU-bone interface were correlated with the presence of tophi (r = 0.62, p &lt; .001), BE (r = 0.51, p &lt; .001), renal calculus (r = 0.24, p = .03), and serum uric acid levels (r = 0.23, p = .03).

Conclusions
This study found that longer disease duration and elevated tissue urate concentrations at the MSU-bone interface were associated with BE in patients with gout.
Long-term safety and efficacy of belimumab in Japanese patients with SLE: A 7-year open-label continuation study
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , Curtis Paula , DeRose Kathleen , Kurrasch Regina , Kinoshita Kyoko , Tanaka Rika , Yamazaki Yumi , Roth David A 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Evaluate long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of belimumab in Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods
This was a subgroup analysis of Japanese patients who completed studies BEL113750 or BEL112341 and were enrolled in a Phase 3, open-label extension study (BEL114333; NCT01597622). Eligible patients received intravenous belimumab 10 mg/kg every 28 days for ≤7 years. Primary endpoint: safety and tolerability. Secondary endpoints included SLE Responder Index (SRI)-4 response rate, SRI-4 components, severe SLE flare, and use of corticosteroids/other SLE-related treatments. Analyses were based on observed data from first belimumab dose received in either parent or current study through to study end.

Results
Of 71 Japanese patients enrolled, 69.0% completed the study. Overall, 98.6% patients had adverse events (AEs); 32.4% had serious AEs. The proportion of SRI-4 responders increased progressively (Year 1, Week 24: 40.9% [27/66]; Year 7, Week 48: 84.6% [11/13]) as did the proportion of Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment-SLE Disease Activity Index responders. The proportion of patients with no worsening in PGA (91.2–100.0%) and no new organ damage (92.6–100.0%) remained stable over time. Severe SLE flare was experienced by 11.3% (8/71) of patients. Corticosteroid and immunosuppressant use decreased over time.

Conclusions
Favourable safety profile and treatment responses with belimumab were maintained for ≤7 years in Japanese patients with SLE.
Losing sleep by staying up late leads adolescents to consume more carbohydrates and a higher glycemic load
Authors: Duraccio Kara McRae , Whitacre Catharine , Krietsch Kendra N , Zhang Nanhua , Summer Suzanne , Price Morgan , Saelens Brian E , Beebe Dean W 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study examined how short sleep impacts dietary consumption in adolescents by testing whether experimentally shortening sleep influences the amount, macronutrient content, food types, and timing of food consumed. Ninety-three adolescents completed a within-subjects crossover paradigm comparing five nights of short sleep (6.5-hour sleep opportunity) to five nights of Healthy Sleep (9.5-hour sleep opportunity). Within each condition, adolescents completed three multiple-pass dietary recalls that recorded the types, amount, and timing of food intake. The following outcomes were averaged across days of dietary recall within condition: kilocalories, grams of carbohydrates, fat, protein, and added sugars, glycemic load of foods, and servings of specific types of foods (low-calorie drinks, sweetened drinks, fruits/vegetables, meats/proteins, processed snacks, “fast food” entrees, grains, and sweets/desserts). Timing of consumption of kilocalorie and macronutrient outcomes were also examined across four noncumulative time bins: 06:00–10:59, 11:00–15:59, 16:00–20:59, and 21:00–01:00. Adolescents slept 2 h and 20 min longer in Healthy Sleep than in Short Sleep (p &lt; .0001). While in Short Sleep, adolescents ate more grams of carbohydrates (p = .031) and added sugars (p = .047), foods higher in glycemic load (p = .013), and servings of sweet drinks (p = .023) and ate fewer servings of fruits/vegetables (p = .006) compared to Healthy Sleep. Differences in consumption of kilocalories, fat, and carbohydrates emerged after 9:00 pm (ps = .012, .043, .006, respectively). These experimental findings suggest that adolescents who have insufficient sleep exhibit dietary patterns that may increase the risk for negative weight and cardiometabolic outcomes. Future health promotion efforts should include promoting optimal sleep to increase healthy dietary habits.
Stimulus-Induced Narrowband Gamma Oscillations are Test–Retest Reliable in Human EEG
Authors: Kumar Wupadrasta Santosh , Manikandan Keerthana , Murty Dinavahi V P S , Ramesh Ranjini Garani , Purokayastha Simran , Javali Mahendra , Rao Naren Prahalada , Ray Supratim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Visual stimulus-induced gamma oscillations in electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings have been recently shown to be compromised in subjects with preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), suggesting that gamma could be an inexpensive biomarker for AD diagnosis provided its characteristics remain consistent across multiple recordings. Previous magnetoencephalography studies in young subjects have reported consistent gamma power over recordings separated by a few weeks to months. Here, we assessed the consistency of stimulus-induced slow (20–35 Hz) and fast gamma (36–66 Hz) oscillations in subjects (n = 40) (age: 50–88 years) in EEG recordings separated by a year, and tested the consistency in the magnitude of gamma power, its temporal evolution and spectral profile. Gamma had distinct spectral/temporal characteristics across subjects, which remained consistent across recordings (average intraclass correlation of ~0.7). Alpha (8–12 Hz) and steady-state-visually evoked-potentials were also reliable. We further tested how EEG features can be used to identify 2 recordings as belonging to the same versus different subjects and found high classifier performance (AUC of ~0.89), with temporal evolution of slow gamma and spectral profile being most informative. These results suggest that EEG gamma oscillations are reliable across sessions separated over long durations and can also be a potential tool for subject identification.
Comparison stone-free rate and effects on quality of life of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery for treatment of renal pelvis stone (2-4 cm): A prospective controlled study
Authors: Ucer Oktay , Erbatu Oguzcan , Albaz Ali Can , Temeltas Gokhan , Gumus Bilal , Muezzinoglu Talha 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives:
The aim of our study was to compare the effects on quality of life (QoL) and stone-free rate (SFR) of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in patients with renal stones 2-4cm.

Materials and methods:
A total of 102 patients with renal pelvis stones were enrolled in this prospective controlled study, of which 52 were performed RIRS and 50 with PNL. The QoL was evaluated by using Short From-36 pre- and post-operatively. Also, the surgical data of all patients during and after the operations were compared between the 2 groups.

Results:
The mean age, body mass index, stone size and density of the patients in the 2 groups were statistically similar (p > 0.05). The SFR of PNL and RIRS were found 94% (47/50) and 73% (38/52), respectively (p < 0.01). There were no statistically differences between operation times, minor complication rates and Short From-36 scores of the 2 groups. Hospitalization times were 1.13 ± 0.34days for RIRS and 2.9 ± 5.7days for PNL (p < 0.05). While the blood transfusion rate of PNL group was 8% (4/50), none patient was made blood transfusion in RIRS.

Conclusions:
The results of our study show that the blood transfusion rates and hospitalization times of RIRS group are significantly lower than PNL for management of renal pelvis stone 2-4cm. Despite these advantages of RIRS, the SFR is significantly lower than PNL for these stones. The effects on QoL of the both interventions before and after surgery were similar.
Spontaneous Tissue Expander Migration in an Irradiated Field: A Case Report
Authors: Bandelac Lucie , Shah Kaanan D. , Chung Susan 
Published: December 2021

Summary:
A 59-year-old woman with a history of bilateral breast cancer, bilateral mastectomy, and bilateral latissimus dorsi flap reconstruction with tissue expanders, before expansion, developed spontaneous unilateral tissue expander migration on the side that had been irradiated. During the operation to return the migrated tissue expander to the chest, the expander was found at the back with a seroma. The chest pocket had collapsed, and a subcutaneous tunnel inferior to the flap inset was encountered, indicating the path of migration. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported of spontaneous tissue expander dislodgement to the donor site. This case is unique in that the patient had bilateral procedures but developed tissue expander migration only on the irradiated side. This highlights the need during pocket creation to account for the fibrosis caused by radiation that can create a constricted pocket promoting migration.
SPONTANEOUS RESOLUTION OF RETINOSCHISIS IN THE SETTING OF NARROW-ANGLE GLAUCOMA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Pucchio Aidan , Pereira Austin , Pal Shalu , Choudhry Netan 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
To present a rare case of retinoschisis in the setting of narrow-angle glaucoma that demonstrated spontaneous resolution with conservative management.

Methods:
Case report presentation from the Vitreous Retina Macula Specialists of Toronto in December 2020.

Results:
A 65-year-old woman with previous bilateral laser peripheral iridotomies for narrow-angle glaucoma was referred to a tertiary retina clinic for the assessment of query macular edema in the left eye. The patient presented with a blunted foveal reflex in the left eye, and optical coherence tomography imaging demonstrated diffuse retinoschisis of outer retinal layers in the peripapillary region and nasal macula. The patient elected for conservative management, and by 10-month follow-up, her retinoschisis resolved spontaneously.

Conclusion:
Only seven cases of retinoschisis in the setting of narrow-angle glaucoma have been identified in the literature. This is the first case in this setting to demonstrate spontaneous resolution with conservative management. Although laser peripheral iridotomies have been shown to resolve retinoschisis in narrow-angle glaucoma patients, clinicians should be aware of a conservative management approach to yield a positive improvement in retinal integrity.
A Real-World Study of Risk Factors for QTc Prolongation in Schizophrenia Patients Receiving Atypical Antipsychotics
Authors: He Luyao , Yu Yimin , Zhang Lei , He Shen , Yu Wenjuan , Li Lujin , Huang Jingjing , Li Huafang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Purpose
The risk of sudden cardiac death in patients receiving atypical antipsychotics may be related to QTc prolongation. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for QTc prolongation to prevent QTc prolongation and guide clinical practice.

Methods
All electrocardiogram recordings of 913 schizophrenia patients who were receiving atypical antipsychotics were reviewed for prolonged QTc and associated conditions. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate risk factors for QTc prolongation.

Results
Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that sex (odds ratio [OR], 0.386; P = 0.010), age (OR, 1.047; P = 0.000), high-density lipoprotein (OR, 0.257; P = 0.014), and antipsychotics dose (OR, 1.040; P = 0.036) were significantly associated with QTc prolongation.

Conclusions
In patients with male sex, elder age, low high-density lipoprotein, or large antipsychotics dose, QTc should be monitored more frequently.