bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delay-dependent passivity analysis of nondeterministic genetic regulatory networks with leakage and distributed delays against impulsive perturbations
Authors: Senthilraj S. , Saravanakumar T. , Raja R. , Alzabut J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis work is concerned with the problem for stochastic genetic regulatory networks (GRNs) subject to mixed time delays via passivity control in which mixed time delays consist of leakage, discrete, and distributed delays. The main aim of this paper is constructing a passivity-based criteria under impulsive perturbations such that the proposed GRNs are stochastically stable. Based on the Lyapunov functional method and Jensen’s integral inequality, we obtain a new set of novel passivity based delay-dependent sufficient condition in the form of LMIs, which can be determined via existing numerical software. Finally, we propose numerical simulations to show the efficiency of the proposed method.
Jumping into a Healthier Future: Trampolining for Increasing Physical Activity in Children
Authors: Schöffl Isabelle , Ehrlich Benedikt , Rottermann Kathrin , Weigelt Annika , Dittrich Sven , Schöffl Volker 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Physical activity in children and adolescents has positive effects on cardiopulmonary function in this age group as well as later in life. As poor cardiopulmonary function is associated with higher mortality and morbidity, increasing physical activity especially in children needs to become a priority. Trampoline jumping is widely appreciated in children. The objective was to investigate its use as a possible training modality.

Methods
Fifteen healthy children (10 boys and 5 girls) with a mean age of 8.8 years undertook one outdoor incremental running test using a mobile cardiopulmonary exercise testing unit. After a rest period of at least 2 weeks, a trampoline test using the mobile unit was realized by all participants consisting of a 5-min interval of moderate-intensity jumping and two high-intensity intervals with vigorous jumping for 2 min, interspersed with 1-min rests.

Results
During the interval of moderate intensity, the children achieved $$\dot{V}{O}_2$$

V
̇

O
2

-values slightly higher than the first ventilatory threshold (VT1) and during the high-intensity interval comparable to the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) of the outdoor incremental running test. They were able to maintain these values for the duration of the respective intervals. The maximum values recorded during the trampoline test were significantly higher than during the outdoor incremental running test.

Conclusion
Trampoline jumping is an adequate tool for implementing high-intensity interval training as well as moderate-intensity continuous training in children. As it is a readily available training device and is greatly enjoyed in this age group, it could be implemented in exercise interventions.
Assessing the feasibility of a classroom-based visual attention training program targeting academics for students with extremely low IQ
Authors: Archambault Catherine , Tullo Domenico , Clark Emma , Faubert Jocelyn , Bertone Armando 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis feasibility study investigated the viability of implementing a cognitive-based training program (NeuroTracker) and assessing its potential effects on academic performance for adolescents with extremely low IQ.MethodsTwenty-six adolescents aged between 11 and 16 years with a Wechsler-based IQs in the extremely low range (MIQ= 56.00,SDIQ= 13.89) completed 15 training sessions on either the NeuroTracker or an active control task; math and reading performance were assessed using clinically validated instruments before and after training. Recruitment and retention rates, adherence, and properties of the academic measures were assessed.ResultsAll recruited participants completed 15 training sessions within a 6-week period. Eighty-three percent of participants meeting initial inclusion criteria completed all stages of the study from baseline to post-intervention assessments. Some limitations of the academic measures were identified.ConclusionsResults suggest that implementing NeuroTracker as a classroom-based intervention and using clinically validated outcome measures is feasible with this population.
Posttraumatic stress disorder intervention for people with severe mental illness in a low-income country primary care setting: a randomized feasibility trial protocol
Authors: Ng Lauren C. , Serba Eyerusalem Getachew , Dubale Benyam W. , Fekadu Abebaw , Hanlon Charlotte 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
In this protocol, we outline a mixed-methods randomized feasibility trial of Brief Relaxation, Education and Trauma Healing (BREATHE) Ethiopia. BREATHE Ethiopia is a culturally and contextually adapted intervention for PTSD in participants with severe mental illness. BREATHE Ethiopia maps onto the World Health Organization’s guidelines for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment in low- and middle-income country primary care settings.

Methods
Specifically, this study includes a non-randomized pre-pilot (n = 5) and a randomized feasibility trial comparing BREATHE Ethiopia to Treatment as Usual (n = 40) to assess trial procedures, acceptability, and feasibility of intervention delivery, and investigate potential effectiveness and implementation. In a process evaluation, we will collect data that will be critical for a future fully randomized controlled trial, including the numbers of participants who are eligible, who consent, who engage in treatment, and who complete the assessments, as well as the feasibility and acceptability of assessments and the intervention. Qualitative data on facilitators and barriers to intervention delivery and quantitative data on provider fidelity to the intervention and participant and provider satisfaction will also be collected. Quantitative assessments at baseline, post-treatment, 1-month follow-up, and 3-month follow-up will assess change in mental health symptoms and functional impairment and hypothesized intervention mechanisms, including knowledge about PTSD, stigma, trauma-related cognitions, and physiological arousal.

Discussion
Findings from this study will inform a future fully-powered randomized controlled trial, and if found to be effective, the intervention has the potential to be integrated into mental healthcare scale-up efforts in other low-resource settings.

Trial registration
Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04385498) first posted May 13th, 2020; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04385498?term=ethiopia&cond=PTSD&draw=2&rank=1.
Concretizing the Christian Nation
Authors: Haynes Naomi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn October 2015 the Zambian president broke ground on a new National House of Prayer, a building project meant to reaffirm the country's status as Africa's only self-proclaimed “Christian nation.” Over the next four years architects produced three separate sets of plans for the House of Prayer, images of which were circulated among Zambian Christians, primarily church leaders. Each set of plans has provoked conversations about what the House of Prayer should look like. This article shows how discussions of the building's aesthetic features were connected to the theological-political possibilities of Christian nationalism, crystalizing around two competing models of how to go about making Zambia a (more) Christian nation. By tracing the tension between these models through architectural and aesthetic debates, this article shows the link between images and the theological-political imagination. It therefore builds on anthropological analyses of other parts of the world that have emphasized the political power of aesthetics as more than representations of already existing ideas—that is, as an ideologically and politically productive force in its own right.
Selective recruitment for pollen and nectar sources in honeybees
Authors: Arenas Andrés , Lajad Rocío , Farina Walter 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTHoneybees (Apis mellifera) use cues and signals to recruit nestmates to profitable food sources. Here, we investigated whether the type of resource advertised within the colony (i.e. pollen or nectar) correlates with the choices of recruits at the feeding site. We observed that pollen recruits preferred to collect pollen once arrived for the first time at the feeding site, while nectar recruits preferred to forage sucrose solutions. Bees recruited by foragers carrying both resources showed intermediate preferences. Studying the plasticity of this response, we found that nectar recruits have a low probability of switching to pollen collection, yet pollen recruits were likely to switch to sucrose solution of increasing concentrations. Our results show that cues associated with the advertised resource type correlate with the foraging tendency of recruits for pollen and sucrose solution, a feature that would guarantee an efficient resource collection.
Excess Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Sabbatini Amber K , Robicsek Ari , Chiu Shih‐Ting , Gluckman Ty J 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUNDThe extent to which the COVID‐19 pandemic has affected outcomes for patients with unplanned hospitalizations is unclear.OBJECTIVETo examine changes in in‐hospital mortality for patients without COVID‐19 during the first 10 months of the pandemic (March 4, 2020 to December 31, 2020).DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSObservational study of adults with unplanned hospitalizations at 51 hospitals across 6 Western states.EXPOSURESUnplanned hospitalizations occurring during the spring COVID‐19 surge (March 4 to May 13, 2020; Period 1), an intervening period (May 14 to October 19, 2020; Period 2), and the fall COVID‐19 surge (October 20 to December 31, 2020; Period 3) were compared with a pre‐COVID‐19 baseline period from January 1, 2019, to March 3, 2020.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESWe examined daily hospital admissions and in‐hospital mortality overall and in 30 conditions.RESULTSUnplanned hospitalizations declined steeply during Periods 1 and 3 (by 47.5% and 25% compared with baseline, respectively). Although volumes declined, adjusted in‐hospital mortality rose from 2.9% in the pre‐pandemic period to 3.5% in Period 1 (20.7% relative increase), returning to baseline in Period 2, and rose again to 3.4% in Period 3. Elevated mortality was seen for nearly all conditions studied during the pandemic surge periods.CONCLUSIONPandemic COVID‐19 surges were associated with higher rates of in‐hospital mortality among patients without COVID‐19, suggesting disruptions in care patterns for patients with many common acute and chronic illnesses.
The multidisciplinary team severe asthma day case assessment and its impact on patient care
Authors: Holmes Leanne-Jo , Sheehan Reyenna , Elsey Lynn , Allen David 
Published: July 2021

People with severe and difficult to control asthma can be a complex and heterogenous group of patients often with multiple comorbidities. Living with this disease imposes a huge physical and psychological burden upon the patient which requires a comprehensive, systematic and patient-focused assessment, using a wide range of clinical expertise from within the multidisciplinary team. This article describes a severe asthma systematic and multidimensional day case assessment, and the positive benefits that the authors perceive it offers for patient care. These benefits include a confirmed diagnosis, consideration of alternative diagnosis, enhanced adherence, medication optimisation, access to and gatekeeping of high-cost specialist medications, improved patient self-management skills and signposting to appropriate therapies. As a consequence, they believe that this facilitates better patient outcomes through a reduction in corticosteroid exposure, exacerbations and hospitalisation. This severe asthma multidisciplinary team day case approach offers more than just physical benefits when compared with the traditional medical model. Patient feedback reports an excellent patient experience, feeling listened to, understood, empowered and hopeful for the future.
En las fronteras de lo urbano. Presentación
Authors: Tapada-Berteli Teresa 
Published: July 2021

Los artículos incluidos en este número monográfico proceden de las intervenciones que los respectivos autores y autoras realizaron los días 30 y 31 de mayo de 2019, en el marco del Seminario “En las fronteras de lo urbano: espacios urbanos extremos”, organizado por el grupo de investigación interuniversitario [espais crítics] dedicado al estudio, debate y práctica del pensamiento espacial crítico
Using financial diaries to understand the economic lives of HIV-positive pregnant women and new mothers in PMTCT in Zomba, Malawi
Authors: Lorenzetti Lara , Swann Mandy , Martinez Andres , O’Regan Amy , Taylor Jamilah , Hoyt Alexis 
Published: July 2021

Background
Economic strengthening (ES) interventions can address economic barriers to retention and adherence (R&A) to antiretroviral therapy in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services. To inform tailoring of ES activities for PMTCT, we used financial diaries to understand the economic lives of women in PMTCT and examine associations between participants’ finances and their R&A.

Methods
We collected financial data from a stratified sample (n = 241) of HIV-positive pregnant women and new mothers enrolled in PMTCT from three clinics in Zomba, Malawi. For 30 weeks, participants met with staff to record cash and in-kind inflows and outflows. We used clinical records to calculate a measure of R&A for each participant. We summarized diary data using R and used cox proportional hazard models to examine the relationship between R&A and participant characteristics and behavior.

Results
There were 68,097 cash transactions over 30 weeks, with 10% characterized as inflows. The median value of cash inflows was US$3.54 compared with US$0.42 for cash outflows. Fewer than 7% of total transactions were considered related to PMTCT, with the majority classified as food or drink. Participants in the rural site had the lowest hazard of non-adherence. Decreased hazard of non-adherence was also linked to having dependents and years on ART. There were significant differences in cash inflows and outflows between those who were always adherent and those who were not.

Conclusions
Financial inflows were large and erratic, whereas outflows were small but consistent. PMTCT expenses comprised a small proportion of overall expenses and focused on proper nutrition. The influence of inflows and outflows on adherence was significant but small; however, always adherent participants demonstrated smoother inflows and outflows, indicating an association between greater adherence and economic stability. Participants would benefit from interventions that bolster and stabilize their economic lives, including income generating activities in the agricultural industry and inclusion in village banks.
Bleeding frequency during physiotherapy in thrombocytopenic patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Grencheski Erick Alvaro , Kochi Margarete Noriko , Politi Flávia Vanessa Aurea , Santos Tabata Maruyama dos , Brito Christina May Moran de , Yamaguti Wellington Pereira , Righetti Renato Fraga 
Published: July 2021

Background
During hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) the patients perform activities of low and moderate intensity because have reduced hematological lineages, leaving them susceptible to hemorrhagic events. The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of bleeding events, severity, and possible association with physical exercise in thrombocytopenic patients.

Methods
A retrospective study with seventy-seven HSCT patients hospitalised, that had a platelet count ≤ 50,000 /μL and received physical exercise during physiotherapy intervention.

Results
Regarding bleeding events, only six were related to physical exercise, and bleeding events occurred more frequently at platelet levels ≤ 10,000 /μL. The most frequent bleeding event was epistaxis, considered of low severity, and with the moderate possibility of being related to physical exercise; followed by extremity hematoma, considered of medium severity and highly related to physical exercise. In this study, there was no occurrence of bleeding events considered of high severity.

Conclusion
Bleeding frequency in supervised physical exercise during physiotherapy in adults with thrombocytopenia undergoing HSCT is minor and relatively rare but occurs more frequently in patients with platelet count ≤10,000 /μL. These results encourage the maintenance of physical activity in this population who is at high risk of developing immobility-related complications.
Experiences of friendships of young people with first-episode psychosis: A qualitative study
Authors: Huckle Catherine , Lemmel Frederike , Johnson Sonia 
Published: July 2021

Background
First episode psychosis and reduced social networks have been found to go hand in hand, but specific mechanisms are unclear. The manifestation of symptoms and the effect of stigma are two possibilities discussed in the literature but the experiences and views of young people with psychosis have been neglected.

Aims
To explore experiences of friendships of young people with first-episode psychosis, focusing especially on any perceived changes in their friendships or approach to peer relationships as a result of the illness.

Methods
Fourteen participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide, which explored participants’ views and experiences of their friendships during the acute phase of illness and in the path to recovery, the impact of friendships on illness experience and of illness on patterns of social contact, and the potential role of services in supporting people with their friendships. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.

Results
Identified themes included the loss of social contacts because both young people developing psychosis withdrew and because friends withdrew as illness developed. Regarding recovery, a unique role was identified for friends and participants were often making conscious efforts to rebuild social networks. Mental health services were viewed as having a limited direct role in this.

Conclusions
Supporting the development of opportunities and skills needed for social relationships following an episode of psychosis may be a useful focus.
Risk factors for severity of COVID-19 in hospital patients age 18–29 years
Authors: Sandoval Micaela , Nguyen Duc T. , Vahidy Farhaan S. , Graviss Edward A. 
Published: July 2021

Background
Since February 2020, over 2.5 million Texans have been diagnosed with COVID-19, and 20% are young adults at risk for SARS-CoV-2 exposure at work, academic, and social settings. This study investigated demographic and clinical risk factors for severe disease and readmission among young adults 18–29 years old, who were diagnosed at a hospital encounter in Houston, Texas, USA.

Methods and findings
A retrospective registry-based chart review was conducted investigating demographic and clinical risk factors for severe COVID-19 among patients aged 18–29 with positive SARS-CoV-2 tests within a large metropolitan healthcare system in Houston, Texas, USA. In the cohort of 1,853 young adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection at a hospital encounter, including 226 pregnant women, 1,438 (78%) scored 0 on the Charlson Comorbidity Index, and 833 (45%) were obese (≥30 kg/m2). Within 30 days of their diagnostic encounter, 316 (17%) patients were diagnosed with pneumonia, 148 (8%) received other severe disease diagnoses, and 268 (14%) returned to the hospital after being discharged home. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–1.2, p<0.001), male gender (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.7, p = 0.002), Hispanic ethnicity (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2–3.1, p = 0.01), obesity (3.1, 95% CI 1.9–5.1, p<0.001), asthma history (aOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–4.0, p = 0.003), congestive heart failure (aOR 6.0, 95% CI 1.5–25.1, p = 0.01), cerebrovascular disease (aOR 4.9, 95% CI 1.7–14.7, p = 0.004), and diabetes (aOR 3.4, 95% CI 1.9–6.2, p<0.001) were predictive of severe disease diagnoses within 30 days. Non-Hispanic Black race (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.4, p = 0.04), obesity (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–2.9, p = 0.046), asthma history (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–2.7, p = 0.03), myocardial infarction history (aOR 6.2, 95% CI 1.7–23.3, p = 0.01), and household exposure (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.2, p = 0.02) were predictive of 30-day readmission.

Conclusions
This investigation demonstrated the significant risk of severe disease and readmission among young adult populations, especially marginalized communities and people with comorbidities, including obesity, asthma, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Health authorities must emphasize COVID-19 awareness and prevention in young adults and continue investigating risk factors for severe disease, readmission and long-term sequalae.
Salting Out: A Simple and Reliable Method to Distinguish Between Common Fluid Preservatives and Estimate Alcohol Concentration
Authors: Finkelde Irene , Newsome G. Asher 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper details the salting-out method, which uses the salts potassium carbonate and sodium chloride to distinguish between the three most commonly used fluid preservatives: ethanol, isopropanol, and formalin.
A summary of other methods to identify fluid preservative type and a review of the salting-out method published by Mayfield (2013, Distinguishing between ethanol and isopropanol in natural history collection fluid storage, Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, https://spnhc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Mayfieldfinalwithtablechanges.pdf) are provided. A new salting-out method is presented, which requires a small fluid sample (2–4 ml). It is simple, quick, and relatively inexpensive to implement, making it a viable method to distinguish between common fluid preservatives. The materials and equipment for the salting-out test cost just over $100 US, and tests take approximately 3 minutes per container.
Results of testing on known concentrations and combinations of ethanol, isopropanol, and formalin (a solution of formaldehyde in water) and on samples of fluid preservatives from specimen containers in the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum collections are presented. The results of salting-out tests have been verified by direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) (Cody et al., 2005, Versatile new ion source for the analysis of materials in open air under ambient conditions, Analytical Chemistry 77(8):2297–302), which confirmed the results of salting-out tests but also highlighted some limitations, particularly when combinations of fluid preservative are encountered.