bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyber‐physical description and CPS‐based pinning approach of mixed traffic
Authors: Liu Zhongcheng , Sun Dihua , Zhao Min , Zhao Hang , Wang Shihui , Liao Xiaoyong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a cyber‐physical description of mixed traffic that can reflect the interaction between vehicles is first proposed. By treating vehicles as nodes and the cyber‐physical interaction between vehicles as directed edges between nodes, the network of vehicles in traffic is obtained. The small‐world and scale‐free characteristics of mixed traffic are found under this description. Then the CPS‐based pinning approach for achieving indirect control of HVs is proposed. Besides the control algorithm of pinning nodes, the impact of the spatial distribution of automated vehicles on traffic is studied. The approach is compatible with the existing control of automated vehicle in mixed vehicle platoon. Numerical simulation results under three‐lane scenario illustrated the effectiveness of the proposed pinning approach.
Lärm und Luftverschmutzung: Ihr Einfluss auf psychische Erkrankungen
Authors: Beutel Manfred , Möhler Tobias 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungImmer mehr Studien belegen die Einflüsse von Lärm und Luftverschmutzung als bedeutsame Umweltrisikofaktoren für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen. Weniger gut geklärt ist, wie diese Faktoren die psychische Gesundheit beeinflussen. Aktuelle Studienergebnisse zeigen, dass Umgebungslärm (vor allem Verkehrslärm) und verschiedene Bestandteile von Luftverschmutzung (vor allem Feinstaub) das Risiko für psychische Erkrankungen, insbesondere Depressionen und Angststörungen, erhöhen können. Pathophysiologische Mechanismen umfassen das enge Zusammenspiel von biologischen (wie oxidativem Stress und Inflammation) und psychosozialen Faktoren (wie mentalem Stress, subjektive Lärmbelästigung und -sensitivität). Umweltrisikofaktoren wie Lärm- und Luftverschmutzung können einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die psychische Gesundheit ausüben. Aufgrund der teils heterogenen Studienergebnisse und der limitierten Verfügbarkeit von methodisch hochwertigen Längsschnittstudien sind zwingend weitere
Untersuchungen notwendig, um die zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen zu verstehen und präventive Maßnahmen abzuleiten.
Knowledge of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Its Complications, and Management among Lebanese Women: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Al Souheil Farah , Chahine Bahia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multi-spectrum disease where a failure to address it correctly can result in various clinical complications. This study aimed to assess the Lebanese women's knowledge and perceptions of PCOS and its management.
Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study included women whose ages ranged between 18 and 45 years. Women's demographic characteristics, reproductive health, knowledge, and perception of PCOS were analyzed through an online validated questionnaire.
Results Among the 450 included women, 196 (43.6%) had good knowledge about PCOS. The majority of participants were aware that menstrual irregularity is a symptom of PCOS, 327 (72.7%), while only 231 (51.3%) women knew that PCOS may lead to infertility. Almost two-thirds of women were aware of the contribution of metformin, diet, and exercise in refining the progress of the disease. More than 60% of participants believed that PCOS patients need social support and have a low body image. Married women (p < 0.001) and those with undergraduate/ postgraduate degrees (p < 0.001) had better PCOS knowledge.
Conclusion A significant percentage of Lebanese women have inadequate knowledge of PCOS and its complications.
Application of Electrocardiogram Localization during Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Line Insertion into the Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava of Neonates
Authors: Wu Liyuan , Wan Lijia , Peng Min , Cao Tian , Wang Qin , He Xiaori 
Published: December 2021

Background Most neonates with persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) have no clinical symptoms or hemodynamic changes, and this anomaly is only found during cardiac catheterization, pacemaker implantation, or central venous catheterization. Electrocardiogram (ECG) localization is helpful for the application of the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) technique in neonates with PLSVC.
Objective To explore the characteristic waveforms of the P wave when a PICC under ECG localization is applied in neonates with PLSVC.
Study Design The observation and management strategies for the P wave changes during catheter insertion (CI) of two neonates with PLSVC admitted to our institution between January and July 2020, who underwent PICC line insertion, were summarized.
Results The characteristic P wave changes in two children with a PICC line inserted via the PLSVC were observed. When a wide inverted P wave appeared on ECG, the catheter was immediately withdrawn by 0.5 cm, a bidirectional P wave gradually appeared and then disappeared. After that, the catheter was further withdrawn by 0.5 cm. After catheterization, the optimal position of the PICC was confirmed by X-ray photography and bedside B-ultrasound. The PICC line was removed as scheduled after indwelling for 18 and 29 days, respectively, in the two cases, and no PICC-related complications occurred during indwelling.
Conclusion The characteristic P wave changes on ECG during CI provide important clinical reference values for the application of the PICC technique under ECG localization in neonates with PLSVC.
Key Points
Continuous-flow reactor setup for operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy of high pressure heterogeneous liquid–solid catalytic processes
Authors: Deschner Benedikt J. , Doronkin Dmitry E. , Sheppard Thomas L. , Rabsch Georg , Grunwaldt Jan-Dierk , Dittmeyer Roland 
Published: December 2021

A continuous-flow reactor and a continuous-flow setup compatible with operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) were designed for safely studying liquid-phase reactions on solid high atomic number transition metal catalysts (e.g., Au, Pd, and Pt) under pressures up to 100 bars with temperatures up to 100 °C. The reactor has a stainless-steel body, 2 mm thick polyether ether ketone (PEEK) x-ray windows, and a low internal volume of 0.31 ml. The rectangular chamber (6 × 5 × 1 mm3) between the PEEK x-ray windows allows us to perform XAS studies of packed beds or monoliths in the transmission mode at any position in the cell over a length of 60 mm. A 146° wide-angle beam access also allows recording complementary x-ray fluorescence or x-ray diffraction signals. The setup was engineered to continuously feed a single-phase liquid flow saturated with one or more gaseous reactants to the liquid–solid XAS reactor containing no free gas phase for enhanced process safety and sample homogeneity. The proof of concept for the continuous-flow XAS cell and high-pressure setup was provided by operando XAS measurements during the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide at room temperature and 40 bars using a 35 ± 5 mg catalyst (1 wt. % Pd/TiO2) and inline near-infrared spectroscopy. The experiments prove that the system is well suited to follow the reaction in the liquid phase while recording high-quality XAS data, paving the way for detailed studies on the catalyst structure and structure–activity relationships.
Accelerating strain phenotyping with desorption electrospray ionization-imaging mass spectrometry and untargeted analysis of intact microbial colonies
Authors: Ellis Berkley M. , Babele Piyoosh K. , May Jody C. , Johnson Carl H. , Pfleger Brian F. , Young Jamey D. , McLean John A. 
Published: December 2021

Significance
Synthetic biology has entered an era in which reading and writing DNA sequences are no longer rate-limiting steps in microbial strain engineering. Indeed, analytical methods measuring the resulting metabolic outcomes of specific gene edits have lagged behind the ability to generate new recombinant strains. Herein, we report a mass spectrometry strategy to accelerate these analytical workflows by directly analyzing metabolites and molecules produced from engineered microorganisms in a multiplexed process. Using untargeted acquisitions and unsupervised analytics, we assess the molecular features that change across discrete strains including primary target species, secondary products, and species outside the engineered fatty acid biosynthesis pathway.
An upper bound on one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles
Authors: Bagheri Gholamhossein , Thiede Birte , Hejazi Bardia , Schlenczek Oliver , Bodenschatz Eberhard 
Published: December 2021

Significance
Wearing face masks and maintaining social distance are familiar to many people around the world during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Evidence suggests that these are effective ways to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, it is not clear how exactly the risk of infection is affected by wearing a mask during close personal encounters or by social distancing without a mask. Our results show that face masks significantly reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to social distancing. We find a very low risk of infection when everyone wears a face mask, even if it doesn’t fit perfectly on the face.
Cow-to-cow variation in nanocrystal synthesis: learning from technical-grade oleylamine
Authors: Lang Erin N , Claridge Shelley A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Many technical-grade reagents, including oleylamine, are broadly used as ligands in nanocrystal synthesis, allowing for cost-effective, and more environmentally friendly, preparation of materials in useful quantities. Impurities can represent 30% or more of these reagent blends, and have frequently emerged as substantial drivers of nanocrystal morphology, assembly, or other physical properties, making it important to understand their composition. Some functional alkyl reagents are derived from natural sources (e.g. often beef tallow, in the case of oleylamine), introducing alkyl chain structures very different than those that might be expected as side products of synthesis from pure feedstocks. Additionally, impurities can exhibit variations based on biological factors (e.g. species, diet, season). In biology, blends of alkyl chains allow for surprisingly sophisticated function of amphiphiles in the cell membrane, pointing to the possibility of similar control in synthetic materials if reagent composition were either better controlled or better understood. Here, we provide brief context on the breadth of roles technical-grade impurities have played in nanocrystal materials, followed by a perspective on oleylamine impurities, their physical properties, and their potential contributions to nanomaterial function.
GIS and RS based analysis of LULCC in Indian Himalayan
Authors: Azad Sapna , Singh Kanwarpreet 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Land use is the main essential resource of the total ecological system.. Analysing LULCC is important for a vast range of applications such as landslide, land planning etc. In this study, LULCC have been considered for a period of 20 years (2000-2021) using RS and GIS based analysis of Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India. Supervised classification technique is used to analyse LANDSAT images from the year 2000 to 2021. The output is identified and changes in land use pattern was obtained for each successive imagery and final changes were obtain by comparing 2000 and 2021 usgs data. The result obtained indicate a major change in the growth. Thickly vegetated land reduced from 95.52% to 20.22% in the year 2021 whereas the Moderately Vegetated land reduced from 60.25% to 10.50%. In the year 2021, The Urban Land increased from 75.65% to 180.50% while the agricultural land is also increased from 70.63% to 190.25%. Barren Land also gets increased from 65.25% to 150.23%.
Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along Manipur-Assam NH-37
Authors: Khaidem Sukhajit , Singh Kanwarpreet 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Landslides are a natural hazard in steep places that occur regularly and cause significant damage. To avoid and minimise hazards, comprehensive landslide remediation and control, landslide assessment, and hazard zonation are required. Various methods are established based on different assessment methodologies, which are essentially split into qualitative and quantitative approaches. GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping was carried out along the National Highway 37, which connects Assam and Manipur and is a vital lifeline for the state, to identify and demarcate possible failure zones. A field visit was used to create a landslide inventory map along the road network. Google Earth and LANDSAT satellite imagery To perform landslide susceptibility zonation, thematic layers of several landslide causative elements were constructed in the study region. The study region has been divided into five endangered zones i.e. (“very low, low, moderate, high, and extremely high”). The landslide susceptibility zonation map was validated using the AUC and landslide density methods. The final map will be helpful to a variety of stakeholders, including town planners, engineers, geotechnical engineers, and geologists, for development and construction in the study region.
Effect on CBR Values with Addition of Coir Geotextile and Marble Dust in Silty Sands
Authors: Singh Maninder , Kamboj Sachin , Jain Kunal , Singh S.K. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The subgrade is the foundation of pavement. The conventional method of replacing weak soil with good soil can cause an increase in the cost of a project. Due to this reason ground improvement techniques are much popular nowadays. The major goal of this research work is to compare California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values of the virgin soil and soil reinforced with coir geotextile in one layer and a combination of two layers at different heights from the top surface of the soil. To see the change in CBR values one layer of coir geotextile was reinforced at three different heights (i.e., H/3; H/2 and 2H/3). After that, the effect on CBR values by reinforcement of combination of two layers of coir geotextile at different heights (i.e., H/3 and H/2; H/2 and 2H/3; and H/3 and 2H/3) from the top surface of the soil was studied. Thereafter, the soil is replaced by various percentages of marble dust ranging from 10% to 25% with an increment of 5% and again CBR values of soil samples reinforced with one layer of coir geotextile and a combination of two layers of geotextile at three different heights were compared with virgin soil. The test results reviewed that the maximum dry density (MDD) decreased and optimum moisture content (OMC) increased with the replacement of marble dust in the soil. The CBR test results specify an enhancement of the value of CBR with the addition of coir geotextile and marble dust. The maximum value of CBR is obtained when one layer of coir geotextile was introduced at the height of H/3 and in the case of a combination of two layers of coir geotextile maximum CBR values is obtained when the coir geotextile was introduced at a height of H/3 and 2H/3 from the top surface of the soil.
Effect of Fine Glass and Quartzite Powder on Microstructure and Strength Properties of Concrete
Authors: Sharma Kanav , Singh Khushpreet 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Concrete is a vital construction material. It consumes a high number of natural resources like water, sand, and stones. Due to the increase in human population, the demand for new construction is at its peak and increasing day by day. Due to this, we utilize many natural resources. Researchers and scientists are searching for different ways in which they can reduce the amount or find alternates for use of other materials in the manufacture industry. The use of waste materials is one of them. In this, research has been done by using Waste glass powder and Quartzite powder in concrete to find alternates or partial replacements for natural resources in concrete. It was found that the joined effective use of glass powder and quartzite powder in concrete permitted the substitution of up to 15% glass powder and 30% quartzite powder. Various effects of these materials on concrete are discussed like effects on strength Characteristics, and microstructure studies like X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). This study includes research and literature study from various journals paper and then the conclusion was made up.
Experimental Investigation on concrete containing E-waste as course aggregate
Authors: Gupta Bibek Kumar , singh Sandeep 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Electrical and Electronic waste (e-waste) is increasing rapidly in the world, and is passing severe toxic waste issues to the human beings and the environment. About 80% to 85% of various electronic items, wastes are decomposed in landfills which might include or discharge lethal gases into air, may have an effect on human beings and environment. For solving and minimizing the discarding of huge quantity E-waste substance, recycle of E-waste materials in concrete production is well thought-out as the mainly possible purpose. It helps to eliminate the concrete materials deficiency issues that are currently going on in construction industry and it also helps to develop the strength of concrete mix and decrease the rate of concrete. In the current study, a novel attempt has been made by adding optimum weight polypropylene fiber with partial replacement of 20 mm E-waste particles as course aggregate. E-waste with pp fiber is employed in concrete in order to improve the strength of concrete mix. The work was carried out on M35 grade concrete specimen (without use of E-waste particles and pp fibers) and with a partial substitution of course aggregates with E-waste particles in range of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% with respect to the weight of aggregate and pp fibers in the range of 0%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% with respect to the weight of cement. Comp. strength, Tensile strength and flexural strength of fibrous concrete with E-waste materials and not including e-waste materials as course aggregates was experimented which presented an excellent strength gain.
Improving Rutting Resistance of Flexible Pavement Structure By Using Waste Plastic
Authors: Dhiman Ankit , Arora Nitin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
On these days traffic is increasing faster rate on roads then various type of defects are produced on road that is rutting, raveling etc A pavement structure have different layers purpose to transfered traffic loads to the sub grade. Rutting is one of the pavement distresses that effects the performance of road pavements. Waste plastic is the type of materials to use for improving the performance of flexible pavements against rutting. In this study utilization of waste plastic water bottles, cold drink bottles, polythene bags, parcel package polythene and films. This waste material clean and shredded small particles (1-3cm) sizes. Aggregate heated 170-200° and mix particles with different percentage (3%, 5%, 7%) properly coated on hot aggregate. This plastic waste coated aggregate is also mixed with hot bitumen. And perform some laboratory test (impact value test, moisture absorption test, marshal value test) on the sample and check the property of rutting resistance.
Comparative Study of Seismic Analysis of Vertically Irregular R.C. Frame using INDIAN and EURO Code
Authors: Jaspreet kour , Jagdish Chand 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis research article carried out on comparison of codes (Indian and Euro) for seismic behaviour of R.C building frame. The main cause for the earthquake occurred in the R.C. building, if there is any irregularity in the structure and, if the structure is not constructed with proper strength, and not appropriately designed, which causes the structures to completely collapse. It is critical to understand seismic analysis and construct earthquake resistance structures for the safety of a multi-story building against seismic forces. It has been observed that the Gulf countries’ construction requirements are primarily based on EURO standards. So that we analyse an R.C building frame of G+22 with vertical geometry irregularity using comparison with EURO standards and INDIAN standards. The response of the building is being calculated by the Response Spectrum approach with the help of ETABS software. The calculated results of an irregular building are then characterized graphically and in tabular form. This research paper concentrated on the variations in outcomes found by using these codes i.e., Indian & Euro code. This comparative result is performed in the form of Storey Drifts, Overturning moment, Storey shear, and Storey Displacement in the X, and Y direction.
Concrete Filled Double Skinned Tubular Columns Subjected to Different Loading Conditions
Authors: Bhatia Sakshi , Kumar Tiwary Aditya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The meteoric growth in light weight structures have opened on doors to many revolutionary concepts and innovations. Studies have manifested that the lowered weight of the structures somehow help to fight the material cost with a better seismic performance. The hollow core structures aimed reducing the structural weight with an improved structural performance as well. The Concrete filled double steel tubes (CFDST) can be taken as amalgamation of Hollow core columns and CFST i.e. single skinned columns. The co-relation of CFST and Hollow core columns gave birth to Concrete filled double skinned tubular columns (CFDST) which can possess the advantages of both the concepts. A sedulous review of concrete filled double skinned columns is being conveyed through this article. The behavior of confined concrete as well as the confining inner and outer steel in the CFDST model and its overall structural behavior is being succinctly reviewed in this article and a simultaneous comparison of CFDST columns to solid concrete/conventional columns is also being carried out where required.
Foundation engineering for offshore gravity structures
Authors: Magray Adil Ahmad , Tangri Amanpreet , Khan Zehra , Khan Naiyara 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGravity based structures are in play from early times. Numerous structures are being installed around the globe. These structures had shown a rigid face towards the harsh conditions/situation in the offshore environment. The key factors for sustainability are geotechnical design and the sub soil survey. These structures are used for collection, transport and also for temporary storage of crude gas and oil. These structures serve as a bridge between the much need fuel and the modern world. The installation of GBS involves major wings of modern engineering i.e. Mechanical, Structural, architecture and Geotechnical engineering because these structures are a great challenge as considering the harsh and hard off shore conditions. These structures are having a much importance apart from its features i.e. from the point of economy, as the oil prices are touching the heights, it influences construction of GBS. Now a days most of the multinational companies are focusing towards the construction of offshore GBS, as well as paying much attention on research work off these structures because to make huge profit. In this paper an effort has been made to understand the different aspects which are related to GBS i.e. pre-construction operations, soil investigation, construction, installment and some of the safety aspects as considering it one of the most focused topics now and in future.