bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radioresistance and genomic alterations in head and neck squamous cell cancer: Sub‐analysis of the ProfiLER protocol
Authors: Rowinski Elise , Magné Nicolas , Fayette Jérôme , Daguenet Elisabeth , Racadot Séverine , Pommier Pascal , Méry Benoîte , Vallard Alexis , Tinquaut Fabien , Neidhardt‐Berard Eve‐Marie , Cassier Philippe , Attignon Valéry , Pissaloux Daniel , Wang Qing , Sohier Emilie , Pérol David , Blay Jean‐Yves , Trédan Olivier 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundGenome analysis could provide tools to assess predictive molecular biomarkers of radioresistance.MethodsHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients included in ProfiLER study and who underwent a curative radiotherapy were screened. Univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were performed to explore the relationships between molecular abnormalities, infield relapse and complete tumor response after radiation.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐three patients were analyzed. PIK3CA mutation and genomic instability of MAP kinases pathway were found to be prognostic factors of loco‐regional relapse in multivariate analysis with respectively HR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13–0.83, p = 0.005 and HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.38–0.96, p = 0.025. Instability of apoptosis pathway was found to be a prognostic factor of complete response after radiotherapy with HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.07–0.88, p = 0.04.ConclusionThis sub analysis suggests that PIK3CA mutation, variation of copy number of MAP kinases and apoptosis pathways play a significant role in the radioresistance phenomenon.
Improving the culture of safety among healthcare workers: Integration of different instruments to gain major insights and drive effective changes
Authors: Tocco Tussardi Ilaria , Moretti Francesca , Capasso Mario , Niero Valentina , Visentin Donatella , Dalla Barba Livio , Tardivo Stefano 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ) and Manchester Patient Safety Framework (MaPSaF) are known as effective tools to assess patient safety culture and climate and develop targeted strategies. However, they are seldom applied in an integrated way. The aim of this study was to conduct an implementation project through a novel use of both instruments to gain unique insights. The Italian version of MaPSaF and SAQ were administered to 1,759 healthcare workers from three Italian hospitals (response rate: MaPSaF 70.5%, SAQ 61.6%). MaPSaF evaluation proved an overall bureaucratic level of patient safety culture. SAQ scores showed a predominance of neutral scores (75.99%). The dimension perception of management gained the lowest mean score (53.32), while Stress recognition obtained the highest (75.17). Safety climate perception differed significantly among groups: working in a small hospital, in a medical department, and being a physician were associated with the most positive results. The majority (67.1%) of responders to both MaPSaF and SAQ considered the two instruments as providing with different and complementary information. Overall, results showed that an integrated approach in the evaluation of an organisation's safety culture may result useful for an in‐depth analysis of the criticalities and the adoption of appropriate improvement strategies.
A geometrical method for quantifying endmembers' fractions in three‐component groundwater mixing
Authors: Cuoco Emilio , Viaroli Stefano , Darrah Thomas H. , Paolucci Vittorio , Mazza Roberto , Tedesco Dario 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe present a new geometrical method capable of quantifying and illustrating the outcomes of a three‐component mixing dynamics. In a three‐component mixing scenario, classical algebraic equations and endmember mixing analysis (EMMA) can be used to quantify the contributions from each fraction. Three‐component mixing of natural waters, either in an element–element plot or by using the EMMA mixing subspace is described by a triangular shaped distribution of sample points where each endmember is placed on an apex, while each side corresponds to the mixing function of the two endmembers placed at the apex, considering the third endmembers' contribution equal to zero. Along each side, the theoretical mixing fractions can be computed using mass balance equations. Samples with contributions from three endmembers will plot inside the triangle, while the homogeneous barycentric coordinate projections can be projected onto the three sides. The geochemistry observed in the mineralized Ferrarelle aquifer system (southern Italy) results from three‐component mixing of groundwater, each with diagnostic geochemical compositions. The defined boundary conditions allow us to parameterize and validate the procedures for modelling mixing, including selection of suitable geochemical tracers.
The clinical impact of self‐reported symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis in people with bronchiectasis
Authors: Lee Annemarie L. , Nicolson Caroline H. H. , Bondarenko Janet , Button Brenda M. , Ellis Samantha , Stirling Robert G. , Hew Mark 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis affects 62% of adults with bronchiectasis and is linked to greater bronchiectasis severity. However, the impact of symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis on disease‐specific and cough‐related quality of life is unknown.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, adults with stable bronchiectasis and chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms completed the sinonasal outcome test‐22 (SNOT‐22), quality of life–bronchiectasis questionnaire, and Leicester cough questionnaire. Bronchiectasis severity was assessed using the bronchiectasis severity index (BSI) and chest high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT).ResultsSixty participants with bronchiectasis (mean [SD] forced expiratory volume in 1 s of 73.2 [25.5] %predicted) were included. Greater severity of chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms (based on SNOT‐22) was moderately associated with impaired cough‐related quality of life (according to the Leicester cough questionnaire; all r > −.60) and impaired bronchiectasis‐specific quality of life (based on the quality of life–bronchiectasis questionnaire), with impaired physical function (r = −.518), less vitality (r = −.631), reduced social function (r = −.546), greater treatment burden (r = −.411), and increased severity of respiratory symptoms (r = −.534). Chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms were unrelated to disease severity according to the BSI (r = .135) and HRCT scoring (all r < .200). The severity of chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms was not affected by sputum color (p = .417) or the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization (p = .73).ConclusionsIn adults with bronchiectasis, chronic rhinosinusitis has a consistent and negative impact on both cough‐related and bronchiectasis‐specific quality of life.
SARS‐CoV‐2 targeting by RNAi and host complement inhibition: A two‐pronged subterfuge for COVID‐19 treatment
Authors: Naqvi Raza Ali , Shukla Deepak , Naqvi Afsar R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe lack of knowledge about the specific preventive measures and limited scientific information on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) led to an excruciating onset and progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Swift development of various successful vaccines around the globe is striving to contain the exponential surges of COVID‐19 cases. However, the ongoing struggle to vaccinate the global population and alarming spread of highly transmissible variants may thwart global initiatives to contain SARS‐CoV‐2 as observed by less robust protective immunity.MethodsIn this perspective, we propose a thought‐provoking, two‐pronged strategy involving RNA interference approach to degrade essential SARS‐CoV‐2 ORFs required for replication and entry in conjunction with a complement inhibitor (compstatin) to stymie the detrimental proinflammatory cytokine storm that exacerbate disease progression and severity.ResultsWe provide supporting evidence suggesting that concurrent targeting of viral and host components will be a superior strategy to effectively suppress viral spread and clinical manifestations of COVID‐19.ConclusionSARS‐CoV‐2 specific RNAi in conjunction with systemic delivery of compstatin will be an effective two‐pronged strategy to combat local and systemic immune responses in both symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID‐19 patients.
A European, prospective, observational study of enzalutamide in patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: PREMISE
Authors: Payne Heather , Robinson Angus , Rappe Bernard , Hilman Serena , De Giorgi Ugo , Joniau Steven , Bordonaro Roberto , Mallick Stéphane , Dourthe Louis‐Marie , Flores Moisés Mira , Gumà Josep , Baron Benoit , Duran Aurea , Pranzo Alessandra , Serikoff Alexis , Mott David , Herdman Mike , Pavesi Marco , De Santis Maria 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn randomized clinical trials, the androgen‐receptor inhibitor enzalutamide has demonstrated efficacy and safety in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This study captured efficacy, safety and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) of enzalutamide in mCRPC patients in a real‐world European setting. PREMISE (NCT0249574) was a European, long‐term, prospective, observational study in mCRPC patients prescribed enzalutamide as part of standard clinical practice. Patients were categorized based on prior docetaxel and/or abiraterone use. The primary endpoint was time to treatment failure (TTF), defined as time from enzalutamide initiation to permanent treatment discontinuation for any reason. Secondary endpoints included prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) response, time to PSA progression, time to disease progression and safety. PROs included EuroQol 5‐Dimension, 5‐Level questionnaire, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Prostate and Brief Pain Inventory—Short Form. Overall, 1732 men were enrolled. Median TTF with enzalutamide was 12.9 months in the chemotherapy‐ and abiraterone‐naïve cohort (Cohort 1) and 8.4 months in the postchemotherapy and abiraterone‐naïve cohort (Cohort 2). Clinical outcomes based on secondary endpoints also varied between cohorts. Cohorts 1 and 2 showed small improvements in health‐related quality of life and pain status. The proportions of patients reporting treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were 51.0% and 62.2% in Cohorts 1 and 2, respectively; enzalutamide‐related TEAEs were similar in both cohorts. The most frequent TEAE across cohorts was fatigue. These data from unselected mCRPC patients in European, real‐world, clinical‐practice settings confirmed the benefits of enzalutamide previously shown in clinical trial outcomes, with safety results consistent with enzalutamide's known safety profile.
Impact of human papillomavirus on the tumor microenvironment in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Liu Ping , Chernock Rebecca D. , Lang Kuhs Krystle A. , Lewis James S. , Li Hua , Gay Hiram A. , Thorstad Wade L. , Wang Xiaowei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIncreasing evidence has elucidated the clinicopathological significance of tumor microenvironment (TME) cells. However, TME differences associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) have not been well characterized. In our study, we comprehensively determined the TME infiltration patterns in 315 OPSCC patients, and systematically correlated the TME phenotypes with genomic characteristics and clinical features of OPSCCs. In this way, we observed the enrichment of high endothelial cells and adaptive immune cells in HPV‐positive (HPV+) OPSCCs, in contrast to the enrichment of fibroblasts and capillary endothelial cells in HPV− negative (HPV−) OPSCCs. By focusing on immune checkpoint genes, we constructed a coexpression network using genes that were differentially expressed between HPV+ and HPV− OPSCCs. Functional analysis of the network indicated that HPV+ OPSCCs had elevated immune activities by promoting adaptive immune response and suppressing activities related to extracellular matrix organization. Subsequently, clinical analysis showed that identified TME‐relevant genes were closely associated with the prognosis and therapy response in OPSCC. Importantly, results from the TME analysis were further validated using an independent OPSCC cohort.
Clinical analysis of 2152 cases of abnormal uterine bleeding treated by NovaSure endometrial ablation
Authors: Xie Hui , Wan Yajun , Yi Shuijing , Zeng Fei , Sun Xin , Yang Yimin , Xiao Songshu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficiency, postoperative hysterectomy rate, and influencing factors for therapeutic effect of the NovaSure endometrial ablation procedure in abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of 2152 patients from the Department of Gynecology at the Third Xiangya Hospital, CSU from October 2010 to December 2018.ResultsFrom the first year to the eighth year after operation, annual effective rate was above 95.24%, and the differences were not statistically significant. There are statistically significant differences between the effective and ineffective groups with regard to age, intrauterine polyps, total length of the uterus, systemic coagulation disorder, and preoperative hemoglobin. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors associated with systemic coagulation disorders (P = 0.027) and high total uterine length (P = 0.003) affected NovaSure efficacy in the treatment of AUB. By December 2019, the postoperative hysterectomy rate was 1.86% (40/2152) and the complication rate was 1.67% (36/2152).ConclusionNovaSure is a reliable treatment for AUB and serious medical complications because of its simple operation, low amount of bleeding, quick postoperative recovery, and safe and effective short‐term and long‐term efficacy. However, it should be carefully selected for patients with a total uterus length exceeding 10 cm.
Associations between parenting representations and behavior among young mothers and mothers with opioid use disorder
Authors: Edwards Renee C. , Herriott Anna L. , Finger Brent , Hans Sydney L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMothers’ representations reflect how they experience their child and their relationship, and can guide parenting behavior. While studies of representations typically focus on infancy, this study examines associations between mothers’ representations and behavior with their preschoolers using two samples: young mothers (n = 201; 42% African American, 42% Latina, 8% European‐American, 8% multi‐ethnic; Mage = 32 months) and mothers in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD; n = 150; 100% African American; Mage = 49 months). This study aims to identify the distribution of representations within these populations, differences in parenting between mothers classified with balanced and non‐balanced representations, and distinct parenting behaviors associated with distorted and disengaged representations. The Working Model of the Child Interview was conducted to assess representations, and mother–child interactions were video‐recorded. The distribution of balanced, distorted, and disengaged representations was 59%, 25%, and 15% among young mothers, and 21%, 39%, and 40% among mothers with OUD. Balanced representations (coherent, rich, engaged, respectful) were associated with positive parenting, including sensitivity, autonomy support, cognitive support and less negative regard among young mothers, and sensitivity and encouragement in the OUD sample. Mothers with disengaged representations (emotionally distant, lacking detail, indifferent) demonstrated less support for learning compared to mothers with distorted representations (involved but inconsistent, negative, or bizarre descriptions of child).
Evaluation of fentanyl toxicity and metabolism using a zebrafish model
Authors: Cooman Travon , Bergeron Sadie A. , Coltogirone Rebecca , Horstick Eric , Arroyo Luis 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe increased abuse of novel drugs has created a critical need for cheap and rapid in vivo models to understand whole organism drug‐induced toxicity and metabolic impacts. One such model is zebrafish, which share many similarities to human. Assays have been developed for behavioral, toxicity, and metabolism elucidation following chemical exposure. The zebrafish model provides the advantage of assessing these parameters within a single study. Previous zebrafish studies have evaluated the behavioral effects of fentanyl, but not developmental toxicity and its relation to metabolism. In this study, we evaluate the effects of fentanyl on the development of wild‐type (TL strain) zebrafish and its metabolism over 4 days. Fertilized eggs were exposed to six concentrations of fentanyl (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 50, and 100 μM) through embryo media incubated at 28–29°C. Observations included egg coagulation, somite formation, heartbeat, tail and yolk morphology, pericardial formation, and swim bladder inflation. The incubation media was analyzed for the presence of metabolites using a targeted metabolomics approach. Fentanyl concentration caused significant effects on survival and development, with notable defects to the tail, yolk, and pericardium at 50 and 100 μM. Despropionyl fentanyl (4‐ANPP), β‐hydroxy fentanyl, and norfentanyl were detected in zebrafish larvae. We present a single in vivo model to assess toxicity and metabolism of fentanyl exposure in a vertebrate model system. Our findings provide a foundation for further investigations into fentanyl's mechanism of action and translation to human drug exposure.
Efficient Mn‐Ni‐Co nanocomposite–based electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline media
Authors: Mugheri Abdul Qayoom , Sangah Ali Asghar , Ali otho Aijaz , Memon Shahzad Ahmed , Mahmoud Khaled H. , El‐Bahy Zeinhom M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDue to the frequent use of fossil fuels and their direct impact on the environment, new ways of production of energy sources are essentially needed for the current era. Hydrogen is the perfect candidate for renewable energy; however, efficient O2 gas production is associated with a lack of active electrocatalysts that could be low cost effective and comparable to the performance of noble metal RuO2. The newly developed composite has a Tafel slope of 65 mV dec−1 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for the nonprecious Mn‐Ni‐Co‐based electrocatalyst. This mixed oxide alloy possesses excellent oxygen evolution activity in alkaline media with the composite material. It is best of fit to produce OER in 1 M KOH media at 1.41 V onset potential, 230 mV overpotential, and the catalyst is highly durable for 40 hr. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study strongly provides the fast OER kinetics of 86.5 Ω charge transfer resistance. An active catalyst is needed for the cheaper generation oxygen gas production on large scale. Thus, outperform, stable, and inexpensive catalysts are highly demanded O2 gas production from the electrolysis of water through oxygen evolution. Herein, we present an efficient and highly stable catalyst based on transition metal oxide ternary Mo‐Ni‐Co nanostructures and their composite for water splitting in basic conditions for the first time. The presented catalysts are up to the mark of ruthenium oxide performance and superior to several transition metal dichalcogenides. This fabrication technology is a new roadmap for the development of active and scalable oxygen‐evolving catalysts by overcoming the issues of fewer catalytic edges, low density, and poor conductivity. The obtained results demonstrate highly favorable on the Mn‐Ni‐Co for OER due to 173.20 Ω small charge transfer resistance values and 1.97 mF capacitance values.
LINC00662: A new oncogenic lncRNA with great potential
Authors: Zhong Chenming , Zhang Qiudan , Zhang Mingfang , Qi Yuanlin , Duan Shiwei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLINC00662 is located on chromosome 19q11 and is 2085 bp long. It is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) newly discovered. LINC00662 expression is upregulated in at least 14 tumors. In addition, the upregulation of LINC00662 expression is also closely related to the poor prognosis of cancer patients and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. LINC00662 can act as a ceRNA of at least 8 miRNAs. By regulating these miRNAs and their downstream genes, LINC00662 participates in the regulation of four signaling pathways, including the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, and the SMD signaling pathway. In addition, the abnormal upregulation of LINC00662 can promote the stem‐like features of lung cancer cells. LINC00662 can reduce the promoter methylation level of s‐adenosylmethionine (SAM)‐dependent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)‐promoting genes by regulating the MAT1A/SAM and AHCY/SAH axes, thereby promoting the activation of oncogenes. This article summarizes the molecular regulation mechanism of LINC00662 in cancer and the diagnostic and prognostic value of LINC00662 in cancer.
Dreading the pain of others? Altruistic responses to others' pain underestimate dread
Authors: Story Giles W. , Chowdhury Rony , Kurth‐Nelson Zeb , Crockett Molly , Vlaev Ivo , Darzi Ara , Dolan Raymond J. 
Published: October 2021

A dislike of waiting for pain, aptly termed ‘dread’, is so great that people will increase pain to avoid delaying it. However, despite many accounts of altruistic responses to pain in others, no previous studies have tested whether people take delay into account when attempting to ameliorate others' pain. We examined the impact of delay in 2 experiments where participants (total N = 130) specified the intensity and delay of pain either for themselves or another person. Participants were willing to increase the experimental pain of another participant to avoid delaying it, indicative of dread, though did so to a lesser extent than was the case for their own pain. We observed a similar attenuation in dread when participants chose the timing of a hypothetical painful medical treatment for a close friend or relative, but no such attenuation when participants chose for a more distant acquaintance. A model in which altruism is biased to privilege pain intensity over the dread of pain parsimoniously accounts for these findings. We refer to this underestimation of others' dread as a ‘Dread Empathy Gap’.
Morpho‐anatomical characterization of some members of euglenophycota (algae) of north‐east Punjab, Pakistan based on light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Authors: Ullah Nadeem , Butt Ghazala Yasmeen , Jaffer Mehwish , Ain Quratul 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe study was carried out in four districts, that is, Gujranwala, Gujarat, Narowal and Sialkot of Punjab, Pakistan. The sampling was carried out randomly in different seasons from the water bodies especially from wastewater. Twenty‐one species belonging to Euglenophycota were identified using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy from which 04 species belong to genus Phacus, 02 species belonging to Trachelomonas and Euglena based on light microscopy. It was observed that Euglena was the most diverse genus and it is supposed to be the indicator species of the polluted water. It was observed that E. oblonga was found in maximum pH range, that is, 7.0–11.0. Similarly, E. brevicaudatus was found in maximum EC, that is, 169 ± 1.5 ms/cm these outcomes indicated that for internal examination along with LM, SEM was necessary for correct identification of algal sample up to specie level.