bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modern concepts of the role of transient receptor potential channel vanilloid subfamily (TRPV) in development osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma patients (review)
Authors: Kotova O. O. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction.Airway hyperresponsiveness to osmotic stimuli is often found among patients with asthma. It is assumed that the transient receptor potential channels of vanilloid subfamily (TRPV) may play a key role in the onset of this phenomenon.Aim.Review of modern world literature data on osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness and the role of TRPV channels in its development.Materials and methods. This review summarizes the data from articles published over the past five years found in PubMed and Google Scholar. However, earlier publications were also included if necessary.Results.The influence of natural osmotic triggers on the formation of bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma has been demonstrated. The effects that occur in the airways, depending on the functional state of TRPV1, TRPV2 and TRPV4 osmosensitive receptors are described, and the mechanisms that mediate the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness with the participation of these channels are partially disclosed.Conclusion. It is safe to assume that TRPV channels are directly or indirectly associated with airway hyperresponsiveness to osmotic stimuli. Signaling cascades triggered by TRPV activation largely explain the effects of osmotic influence on the airways and the occurrence of bronchoconstriction. It could be suggested that TRPV1 signaling mediates the development of bronchospasm to hyperosmolar stimuli, while TRPV2 and TRPV4 are most likely involved in hypoosmotic-induced bronchoconstriction. Further study of the role of TRPV1, TRPV2 and TRPV4 in osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness is relevant and promising in terms of pharmacological management of this condition.
PENGARUH METODE ROLE PLAYING TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN RESOLUSI KONFLIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Sinta Sinta Maria Dewi 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Metode Role Playing terhadap Pembelajaran Resolusi Konflik di Sekolah Dasar. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan adalah metode kuasi eksperimen. Pengumpulan data melalui pretest dan posttes. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data rata-rata pretest kelas eksperimen sebesar 49,4 dan kelas kontrol sebesar 48,25. Setelah diberikan perlakuan dan melakukan postest bahwa hasil eksperimen sebesar 68,1 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol sebesar 54,75. Perhitungan hipotesis dengan menggunakan Uji-t yakni Uji paired sampel T test dan diperoleh pada taraf signifikan 0.05 menunjukan bahwa nilai probabilitas (signifikansi) adalah 0.00. karena nilai signifikansi, maka Ho di tolak. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Role Playing berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan resolusi konflik siswa kelas V SDN Anggadita V.Dari hasil penelitian ini peneliti berharap dapat memberikan kontribusi dan manfaat bagi semua pihak-pihak yang terkait, terutama pihak sekolah dalam rangka memberikan pembelajaran resolusi konflik kepada anak sekolah dasar sehingga siswa memiliki keterampilan dalam memecahkan masalah sehingga dapat bermanfaat bagi kehidupan sehari-hari dan masa depannya.
Determination of Aristolochic Acid Using Isocratic RP-HPLC Method
Authors: Ang Li Pei , Yen Loong Lean , Kalusalingam Anandarajagopal , Khan Abdullah , Kotra Vijay , Rahman Sarker Md. Moklesur , Liew Kai Bin , Long Chiau Ming 
Published: September 2021

Aristolochic acid (AA) is an abundant chemical substance commonly present in the genus, Aristolochia. In term of stereoisomerism, Aristolochic acid I (AA-I) is known to cause nephrotoxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity. Therefore, the determination of AA-I in the herbal products is imperative to avoid the unwanted adverse drug reaction. Hence, this study was undertaken to develop a low cost isocratic HPLC method to detect AA-I and AA-II in two selected products. RP-HPLC instrument (Cyberlab LC-100) equipped with photo-diode-array UV detector with Capcell Pak C18 - column (5μm, 25 x 0.46 cm), and a mobile phase, methanol-water (75:25) added with 0.1% glacial acetic acid (pH 4.14) with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. at 254 nm was used. The total run time was 10 min. The results indicate that the isocratic RP-HPLC method developed in the present study is a reproducible and precise method with an optimum resolution for the separation of peaks. The presence of AA was determined in three herbal plants, A. debilis, A. fangchi, and A. manshuriensis and two different Chinese herbal products. The HPLC chromatogram of the standard was identified and the retention time of the standards AA-I and AA-II was found at 8.35 min and 7.0 min respectively, also the AA-I was identified in raw herbs, A. debilis, and A. fangchi at 8.4 and 8.5 min. respectively whereas, A. manshuriensis did not show the peak for AA-I. The HPLC analyses of methanol extract of the two selected Chinese herbal products Zhu Ling San and Wu Ling San indicated the absence of AA-I peaks at 8.4 min.
Semantic diversity is best measured with unscaled vectors: Reply to Cevoli, Watkins and Rastle (2020)
Authors: Hoffman Paul , Lambon Ralph Matthew A. , Rogers Timothy T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSemantic diversity refers to the degree of semantic variability in the contexts in which a particular word is used. We have previously proposed a method for measuring semantic diversity based on latent semantic analysis (LSA). In a recent paper, Cevoli et al. (2020) attempted to replicate our method and obtained different semantic diversity values. They suggested that this discrepancy occurred because they scaled their LSA vectors by their singular values, while we did not. Using their new results, they argued that semantic diversity is not related to ambiguity in word meaning, as we originally proposed. In this reply, we demonstrate that the use of unscaled vectors provides better fits to human semantic judgements than scaled ones. Thus we argue that our original semantic diversity measure should be preferred over the Cevoli et al. version. We replicate Cevoli et al.’s analysis using the original semantic diversity measure and find (a) our original measure is a better predictor of word recognition latencies than the Cevoli et al. equivalent and (b) that, unlike Cevoli et al.’s measure, our semantic diversity is reliably associated with a measure of polysemy based on dictionary definitions. We conclude that the Hoffman et al. semantic diversity measure is better-suited to capturing the contextual variability among words and that words appearing in a more diverse set of contexts have more variable semantic representations. However, we found that homonyms did not have higher semantic diversity values than non-homonyms, suggesting that the measure does not capture this special case of ambiguity.
First national record of Quasipaa verrucospinosa (Bourret, 1937) (Amphibia: Anura: Dicroglossidae) from Thailand with further comment on its taxonomic status
Authors: Suwannapoom Chatmongkon , Nguyen Tan Van , Poyarkov Nikolay , Wu Yun-He , Pawangkhanant Parinya , Lorphengsy Sengvilay , Che Jing 
Published: September 2021

Spiny Frog Quasipaa is a genus of frogs that belongs to a relatively poorly known group. Most of the species distribution has been recorded in China; however, a few incidences of identification have occurred in the eastern part of Indochina. To date, only one species (Quasipaa fasciculispina) of Quasipaa has been recorded from Chanthaburi and Trat Provinces in south-eastern Thailand.
Based on recent fieldwork conducted in northern Thailand, we report a new record of Quasipaa verrucospinosa from Doi Phu Kha National Park, Nan Province at an altitude of 900–1000 m a.s.l. Our study has demonstrated that populations of this species are paraphyletic and has revealed deep genetic differences. Therefore, it is recommended that a comprehensive study be undertaken to clarify the taxonomic and geographic distribution of this species for its suitable protection and conservation.
Introduction
Authors: Cao Shunqing , Franco Bernard 
Published: September 2021

La littérature comparée a trop longtemps été pensée comme étude des analogies, estompant par là l’analyse du caractère unique de l’œuvre. Sans doute s’agit-il d’un effet de l’emprise de l’histoire littéraire sur la discipline. Le renouvellement des méthodes comparatistes en Europe et, plus particulièrement, certaines méthodologies pratiquées en France, ont attiré l’attention sur l’idée d’un comparatisme de la différence. Le comparatisme chinois, pour sa part, a développé, sous l’impulsion de Cao Shunqing, une « théorie de la variation » en littérature comparée. Fondée sur l’héritage de la philosophie chinoise ancienne, cette théorie affecte divers domaines et diverses méthodes de la discipline dans ses pratiques contemporaines.
An FBSDE approach to market impact games with stochastic parameters
Authors: Drapeau Samuel , Luo Peng , Schied Alexander , Xiong Dewen 
Published: September 2021

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this study, we have analyzed a market impact game between <i>n</i> risk-averse agents who compete for liquidity in a market impact model with a permanent price impact and additional slippage. Most market parameters, including volatility and drift, are allowed to vary stochastically. Our first main result characterizes the Nash equilibrium in terms of a fully coupled system of forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs). Our second main result provides conditions under which this system of FBSDEs has a unique solution, resulting in a unique Nash equilibrium.	</p>
Convergence rate of Peng’s law of large numbers under sublinear expectations
Authors: Hu Mingshang , Li Xiaojuan , Li Xinpeng 
Published: September 2021

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>This short note provides a new and simple proof of the convergence rate for the Peng’s law of large numbers under sublinear expectations, which improves the results presented by Song [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b15">15</xref>] and Fang et al. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b3">3</xref>].	</p>
Une justice de proximité : les affaires traitées par la juridiction de la Fleuriais, en Treffieux, à la fin de l’Ancien Régime (1757-1767)
Authors: Bourrigaud René 
Published: September 2021

Pour beaucoup de nos contemporains, la justice d’Ancien Régime n’a pas bonne réputation. Cette tradition issue de la Révolution a pourtant été remise en cause par les historiens modernistes. Et, quand un historien du droit ancien praticien de la procédure civile se plonge vraiment dans les procédures et décisions prises par la juridiction d’une petite seigneurie, il s’aperçoit que cette justice de proximité applique un principe de base qui est toujours le nôtre : rassembler des preuves avant de juger. Afin de le montrer, sont publiés et commentés ici de larges extraits des registres tenus, au cours des années 1757-1767, par le greffier de la juridiction de la seigneurie de la Fleuriais, située à Treffieux, dans une petite paroisse rurale de la région de Châteaubriant, entre Nantes et Rennes. Ces textes présentent un intérêt certain : ils nous plongent dans le mouvement de la vie rurale. Tout y est évoqué : d’abord les familles soucieuses de protéger leurs patrimoines, puis les rapports entre vendeurs et acheteurs, fermiers et propriétaires, notables et domestiques, rentiers et débiteurs.
Paul Mével, un médecin breton distingué pour son engagement contre les épidémies (fin xixe-début xxe siècle)
Authors: Forrer Anne 
Published: September 2021

En 1885, le gouvernement français instaure la « Médaille d’honneur des épidémies » pour récompenser les « personnes qui se sont particulièrement signalées par leur dévouement pendant des maladies épidémiques ». En Bretagne où de multiples épidémies sévissent, des soignants sont ainsi distingués. Le docteur Paul Mével, installé à Douarnenez de 1894 à 1927, confronté à ces pathologies (choléra, typhoïde, diphtérie, variole), est récompensé à plusieurs reprises. La description de son parcours, des épidémies aux médailles, permet de mieux connaître ces pathologies, de mesurer les risques encourus par les soignants, de regarder les relations qu’entretenaient les médecins avec le pouvoir et les honneurs.
Determinants of Hepatitis A Infection among Students: A Case Study of an Outbreak in Jember, Indonesia
Authors: Martini Santi , Suryadi Rahman Firman 
Published: September 2021

Background Hepatitis A often occurs in school among students in the form of an outbreak. The transmission was through fecal-oral (common source) provided that the epidemic curve is close to propagated. The aim of the current study was to analyze the determinants of Hepatitis A infection among students. Design and methods This study was a case-control study which was conducted at SMAN Plus with a sample size of 80 students chosen by using simple random sampling. The data obtained were then analyzed using logistic regression with 95% confidence level (α = 0.05), while the strength of the relationship between variables was identified using odds ratio (OR). Results Most of the students were at the age of 17 to 19 years old (65%) and male (57.5%). The average age in the case group was 17.1 years old, while in the control group was 16.75 years old. The habit of consuming raw foods (p=0.001) as well as eating and drink at the same time during an activity (p=0.000) had a significant influence on the outbreak of Hepatitis A in the curve epidemic of common source. Conclusion The outbreak is confirmed as a transmission occurs through fecal-oral which the common source epidemic curve. Risk factors that have been proven to be related to hepatitis A include consuming raw food, eating shared meals during an activity, and drinking with shared drinking utensils.
Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wang Yu-Cheng , Li Ming-Hui , Yu Ying , Shi Hui , Chen Rui-Zhen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the effectiveness of SGLT2is in heart failure (HF) treatment has not yet been established. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2is in HF treatment by focusing on cardiovascular death (CVD), hospitalization for HF (HHF), and a composite of CVD and HHF.

Methods:
We searched literature sources in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library up until December 20, 2020. Only randomized controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis. We compared the treatment and placebo groups in terms of their associated risks of CVD and HHF and their safety endpoints. The Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials was applied.

Results:
The 10 selected studies included 17,043 HF patients and dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, canagliflozin, ertugliflozin, and sotagliflozin as experimental arms. At least 4 included studies were with high quality. For CVD, HHF, and their composite, the pooled risk ratio estimates were 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.96; P = 0.004), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.65-0.76; P < 0.001), and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.71-0.81; P < 0.001), respectively. The incidence of volume depletion, hypoglycemia events, fractures, acute renal injury, and urogenital tract infection was not significantly higher in the SGLT2i group than in the placebo group. Stratified analyses showed similar efficacy and safety results for HF patients with T2DM, those without T2DM, and those being treated with different types of SGLT2is.

Conclusions:
This meta-analysis demonstrated that various SGLT2is significantly decreased the risks of CVD and HHF in HF patients with and without T2DM. It also showed that clinical administration of SGLT2is was relatively safe in terms of the aforementioned risk factors. SGLT2is might embrace broader clinical application in future HF treatment.
The Relationship between C-Reactive Protein and Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Obstructive and Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Zhang Hui-Wen , Guo Yuan-Lin , Zhu Cheng-Gang , Wu Na-Qiong , Gao Ying , Dong Qian , Sun Jing , Li Jian-Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
Patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD) have an increased risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs) compared to that in individuals with normal or near-normal coronary arteries (NNCAs) and even a similar risk to that in individuals with obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD). However, the predictors for a worse outcome in patients with NOCAD are not fully determined. This study aimed to investigate the association of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and CVEs in patients with NOCAD.

Materials and Methods:
In total, 4662 patients with coronary artery angiography were enrolled and followed up for CVE. Patients were classified as having NNCA (<20% stenosis, n = 698, 15.0%), NOCAD (20%-49% stenosis, n = 639, 14.3%), and OCAD (≥50% stenosis, n = 3325, 70.7%) and then further subdivided into three groups based on their baseline hs-CRP level (<1, 1-3, and >3 mg/L). Proportional hazards models were used to assess the risk of CVEs.

Results:
Over an average 13403 person-year follow-up, 338 patients experienced CVEs. Patients with NOCAD and OCAD had a higher rate of CVE than those with NNCA (P < 0.05). The CVE risk was significantly higher in NOCAD (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30-4.01, P = 0.004) and OCAD (HR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.88-5.07, P < 0.001) patients than in NNCA patients. Moreover, elevated hs-CRP levels were associated with an incremental rate of CVE (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Patients with NOCAD had worse outcomes and elevated hs-CRP levels were positively associated with CVEs, which potentially helps assess risk in NOCAD patients.
Low Tri-iodothyronine Syndrome Improves the Risk Prediction for Mortality in Patients with Acute Heart Failure: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Liao Shen-Gen , Gao Rong-Rong , Cheang Iokfai , Lu Xin-Yi , Zhou Yan-Li , Zhang Hai-Feng , Yao Wen-Ming , Li Xin-Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Objective:
Clinical studies have suggested that low tri-iodothyronine (T3) syndrome negatively affects the clinical outcomes of patients with acute heart failure (AHF). The aim of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate the effect of low T3 syndrome in terms of prognosis and risk-predictive potential in AHF.

Methods:
A prospective observational cohort study was conducted from April 2012 to August 2016 in Nanjing, China. All clinical baseline characteristics were retrieved from electronic medical records. Low T3 syndrome was defined by a low free T3 level (<3.1 pM) accompanied by a normal thyroid-stimulating hormone level. The association between the free T3 level and mortality and the incremental risk prediction were estimated in Cox regression adjusted models.

Results:
In total, 312 patients with AHF for whom detailed thyroid hormone profiles were available were prospectively enrolled. Seventy-two patients exhibited low T3 syndrome. Over a median follow-up period of 35 months, 121 cumulative deaths occurred. Cardiovascular death was observed in 94 patients. After extensive adjustment for confounders, the low T3 syndrome-associated hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.74 (1.16-2.61, P = 0.007) for all-cause mortality and 1.90 (1.21-2.98, P = 0.005) for cardiovascular mortality. The restricted cubic splines suggested a negative linear relationship between the free T3 level and mortality risk. Considering reclassification, adding low T3 syndrome to the fully adjusted model improved the risk prediction for all-cause mortality (integrated discrimination improvement [IDI]: 2.0%, P = 0.030; net reclassification improvement [NRI]: 8.9%, P = 0.232) and cardiovascular mortality (IDI: 2.5%, P = 0.030; NRI: 21.3%, P = 0.013).

Conclusions:
Low T3 syndrome reclassified risk prediction for mortality beyond traditional risk factors for patients with AHF.
Trifecta and pentafecta outcomes following robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for hilar versus nonhilar tumors
Authors: Tyagi Shantanu , Sharma Gopal , Bora Girdhar S. , Mavuduru Ravimohan S. , Sharma Aditya Prakash , Devana Sudheer Kumar , Gorsi Ujjwal , Kakkar Nandita , Singh Shrawan K. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Hilar tumors are a unique subset of complex renal masses posing a potential surgical challenge during partial nephrectomy. The outcomes of hilar masses have not been compared to non-hilar renal masses of similar RENAL nephrometry score (RNS). In this study, we analyzed the outcomes of hilar versus nonhilar masses after a propensity score matching.

Methods:
Prospectively maintained database of patients who underwent robot assisted PN between November 2014 and December 2018 was abstracted for hilar and nonhilar tumors. We performed propensity matching for baseline variables such as age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, preoperative glomerular filtration rate, and RNS for each patient on the basis of propensity scores.

Results:
We included 48 patients with hilar tumors and 153 with nonhilar tumors. On propensity matching, 41 patients were included in each group. The mean operative time (162.4 ± 48.9 min vs. 144.1 ± 38.8 min, P = 0.48), warm ischemia time (29.0 ± 8.8 min vs. 24.4 ± 8.2 min, P = 0.12), and the estimated blood loss (201.8 ± 184.7 ml vs. 150.6 ± 160.5 ml, P = 0.37) were not significantly different between the hilar and the nonhilar groups. Trifecta was achieved in only 14/41 (34.1%) of the patients in the hilar group as compared to 24/41 (58.5%) in the nonhilar group (P = 0.027). Logistic regression analysis identified that hilar location of the tumors was not an independent predictor of overall complications (OR 6.37, confidence interval [CI] 0.5–69.4, P = 0.4), trifecta (OR 0.38, CI 0.14–1.0, P = 0.051), and pentafecta outcomes (OR 0.4, CI 0.1–1.51, P = 0.17).

Conclusions:
Hilar location was associated with poorer trifecta outcomes compared to the nonhilar tumors. However, hilar location per se was not an independent predictor of overall complications and trifecta and pentafecta outcomes.
Pollution Assessment of the Physico-Chemical Properties of the Lagos Lagoon
Authors: Loto O.O. , Ajibare A.O. 
Published: September 2021

Lagos lagoon has received wastewater discharged from different anthropogenic sources. Therefore, this study determined the water quality and identified its pollution status. Water quality index (WQI), several heavy metal pollution indices as well as single factor and comprehensive pollution indices were applied. The obtained data revealed that physicochemical parameter varied between 24.00±1.41 and 27.00±0.71°C for temperature; 2.50±2.83 and 10.50±0.71‰ for salinity; 3.90±0.99 and 4.60±0.85 mg/l for dissolved oxygen; 7.26±0.25 and 8.38±0.66 for pH; 3.50±0.71 and 10.00±7.07mg/l for BOD. The results also revealed that sulphate, phosphate and nitrate had means of 10.00±10.45mg/l, 0.85±1.04mg/l and 11.11±17.88 mg/l respectively while Pb, Zn, Cu and Hg had means of 0.25±0.49mg/l, 25.49±44.27mg/l, 1.88±2.94mg/l and 0.00±0.00mg/l respectively. SPI classified pH, BOD, Cu and Zn within the ‘medium pollution’ category while nitrate and phosphate indicated heavy pollution of the lagoon. The PI revealed that Cu and Zn had moderate and slight effect on the aquatic environment respectively while Pb and Hg had no effect on the ecosystem. The mean WQI revealed that the lagoon was classified to be good for aquatic biota despite that HEI and Cd revealed that there was high pollution of heavy metals in the lagoon. The CPI described the lagoon as slightly polluted.