bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The study of temperature regionalization in China using complex networks
Authors: Li Kaiwen , Wang Ming , Liu Kai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTemperature regionalization is important for guiding the development of agriculture and forestry in a region. However, few existing studies are able to objectively regionalize temperature in terms of both the temperature change and temperature difference. In both cases, we use the ERA5 2 m temperature reanalysis dataset to construct the temperature correlation network by traversing the winter anomalies with higher amplitudes for all possible pairs of grid points. On the basis of the temperature correlation network, the first and second‐grade regionalization is performed using the spin glass algorithm and agglomerative hierarchical clustering, respectively. Our results derived from the network topology analysis indicate that there are a few teleconnections in the network and that the nodes are mainly connected to neighbouring nodes. Some nodes in Tibet, Qinghai and western Sichuan Province have independent temperature change, and some nodes in Guizhou and Jiangxi Provinces tend to connect more nodes with an average distance of >500 km. The results of temperature regionalization show that the boundaries of the first‐grade regionalization are consistent with the relief and the distribution of major mountains in China, and the spatial distribution coincides with the four core regions with the highest convergence coefficient of temperature change (TCC) of nodes and 10 regions with relatively high TCC. The second‐grade regionalization is mainly located in the different temperature zones. In contrast to previous works on temperature regionalization, this study provides a new integration framework that further considers both the convergence in the temperature change and the closeness of the temperature between regions and finally objectively regionalizes temperature in China.
Late Pleistocene–Holocene climatic implications of high‐resolution stable isotope profiles of a speleothem from south‐central Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Erkan Gİzem , Bayari C. Serdar , Fleitmann Dominik , Cheng Hai , Edwards Larry , Özbakir Mertcan 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTHigh‐resolution 230Th ages and stable isotope (δ18O and δ13C) records from a stalagmite that grew between 39 and 2 ka in Incesu Cave located in south‐central Anatolia allow us to evaluate paleoclimate conditions for growth periods during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) and the Holocene. High δ18O values and Heinrich events H3 and H4 are observed during the MIS3 interval. After a dry period in the Younger Dryas, low values between ca. 10 and 5.3 ka suggest a transition to wet mid‐ to early Holocene conditions. In the early Holocene, there are drier periods at 9.4 and 10.3 ka, coincident with cooling events recorded in the North Atlantic sediments and, after 5.3 ka a relatively dry late Holocene is seen. The IN‐01 isotope record is in phase with general trends of speleothem records in Turkey and the Eastern Mediterranean but differs in detail at the millennial scale. The more depleted δ18O values of IN‐01 compared to those of Eastern Mediterranean speleothems during the Holocene indicate that central Anatolian winter rainfall was isotopically influenced by the same air mass trajectories derived from the North Atlantic and Mediterranean with an isotopic rain shadow effect.
Preparation of flower‐like molybdenum disulfide for solid‐phase extraction of N‐nitrosoamines in environmental water samples
Authors: Li Bingzhi , Chen Min , Li Yang , Cao Xiaolin , She Yongxin , Yin Jungang , Cong Shuang , Zhang Ziping 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a flower‐like molybdenum disulfide material was prepared by hydrothermal method and was first used as adsorbents in the solid‐phase extraction process for enriching N‐nitrosoamines. Molybdenum disulfide exhibited three‐dimensional petal‐like microspheres with about 500 nm in diameter. The relevant analyte extraction and elution parameters (sample volumes, solution pH, washing solvents, elution solvents, and elution volumes) were optimized to improve the solid‐phase extraction efficiency. The solid‐phase extraction process coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry for determining N‐nitrosoamines in environmental water samples was established. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.01–0.05 ng/mL. The satisfactory recoveries (68.9–106.1%) were obtained at three different spiked concentrations (2, 5, and 8 ng/mL) in water samples, and the relative standard deviations were between 1.96 and 8.38%. This proposed method not only showed high sensitivity and good reusability but also provided a new adsorbent for enriching trace N‐nitrosoamines in environmental water samples.
Infection metallomics for critical care in the post‐COVID era
Authors: Patil Rutuja H. , Luptáková Dominika , Havlíček Vladimír 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInfection metallomics is a mass spectrometry (MS) platform we established based on the central concept that microbial metallophores are specific, sensitive, noninvasive, and promising biomarkers of invasive infectious diseases. Here we review the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical applications of metallophores from historical and functional perspectives, and identify under‐studied and emerging application areas with high diagnostic potential for the post‐COVID era. MS with isotope data filtering is fundamental to infection metallomics; it has been used to study the interplay between “frenemies” in hosts and to monitor the dynamic response of the microbiome to antibiotic and antimycotic therapies. During infection in critically ill patients, the hostile environment of the host's body activates secondary bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal metabolism, leading to the production of metallophores that increase the pathogen's chance of survival in the host. MS can reveal the structures, stability, and threshold concentrations of these metal‐containing microbial biomarkers of infection in humans and model organisms, and can discriminate invasive disease from benign colonization based on well‐defined thresholds distinguishing proliferation from the colonization steady state.
Therapeutic approach and outcome of children with Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia at first relapse in the era of tyrosine kinase inhibitors: An SFCE retrospective study
Authors: Aubert Lucie , Petit Arnaud , Bertrand Yves , Ray‐Lunven Anne‐France , Angoso Marie , Pluchart Claire , Millot Frédéric , Saultier Paul , Cheikh Nathalie , Pellier Isabelle , Plantaz Dominique , Sirvent Anne , Thouvenin‐Doublet Sandrine , Valduga Julie , Plat Geneviève , Rialland Fanny , Henry Catherine , Esvan Maxime , Gandemer Virginie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundSince the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the profile of pediatric relapse of Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) has changed. However, the management of pediatric Ph+ ALL relapses is not currently standardized.ProcedureWe retrospectively analyzed the therapeutic strategies and outcomes of pediatric Ph+ ALL patients in first relapse who were initially treated with a TKI‐containing regimen in one of the French pediatric hematology centers from 2004 to 2019.ResultsTwenty‐seven children experienced a Ph+ ALL relapse: 24 (89%) had an overt relapse and three a molecular relapse. Eight involved the central nervous system. A second complete remission (CR2) was obtained for 26 patients (96%). Induction consisted of nonintensive chemotherapy for 13 patients (48%) and intensive chemotherapy for 14 (52%). Thirteen patients (48%) received consolidation. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) was performed for 21 patients (78%). The TKI was changed for 23 patients (88%), mainly with dasatinib (n = 15). T315I was the most common mutation at relapse (4/7). The 4‐year event‐free survival and survival rates were 60.9% and 76.1%, respectively. Survival was positively associated with alloHSCT in CR2.ConclusionWe show that pediatric first‐relapse Ph+ ALL reinduces well with a second course of TKI exposure, despite the use of different therapeutic approaches. The main prognostic factor for survival was alloHSCT in CR2. Because of the small size of the cohort, we could not draw any conclusions about the respective impact of TKIs, but the predominance of the T315I mutation should encourage careful consideration of the TKI choice.
Cost‐effectiveness of home‐based care of febrile neutropenia in children with cancer
Authors: Tew Michelle , De Abreu Lourenco Richard , Gordon Joshua Robert , Thursky Karin A. , Slavin Monica A. , Babl Franz A. , Orme Lisa , Bryant Penelope A. , Teh Benjamin W. , Dalziel Kim , Haeusler Gabrielle M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionHome‐based treatment of febrile neutropenia (FN) in children with cancer with oral or intravenous antibiotics is safe and effective. There are limited data on the economic impact of this model of care. We evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of implementing an FN programme, incorporating home‐based intravenous antibiotics for carefully selected patients, in a tertiary paediatric hospital.MethodsA decision analytic model was constructed to compare costs and outcomes of the home‐based FN programme, with usual in‐hospital treatment with intravenous antibiotics. The programme included a clinical decision rule to stratify patients by risk for severe infection and home‐based eligibility criteria using disease, chemotherapy and patient‐level factors. Health outcomes (quality of life) and probabilities of FN risk classification and home‐based eligibility were based on prospectively collected data between 2017 and 2019. Patient‐level costs were extracted from hospital administrative records. Cost‐effectiveness was expressed as the incremental cost per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY).FindingsThe mean health care cost of home‐based FN treatment in low‐risk patients was Australian dollars (A$) 7765 per patient compared to A$20,396 for in‐hospital treatment (mean difference A$12,632 [95% CI: 12,496–12,767]). Overall, the home‐based FN programme was the dominant strategy, being more effective (0.0011 QALY [95% CI: 0.0011–0.0012]) and less costly. Results of the model were most sensitive to proportion of children eligible for home‐based care programme.ConclusionCompared to in‐hospital FN care, the home‐based FN programme is cost‐effective, with savings arising from cheaper cost of caring for children at home. These savings could increase as more patients eligible for home‐based care are included in the programme.
How does self name influence the neural processing of emotional prosody? AnERPstudy
Authors: Deng Nali , Sun Yifan , Chen Xuhai , Li Weijun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this study, we investigated whether self‐relevant information can accelerate the processing of emotional information. Our experiment, based on a passive auditory oddball paradigm, involved recording electroencephalography while participants listened to stimuli comprising their own names (ONs) and unfamiliar names (UNs) spoken with varying emotional prosody. At 220–300 ms, mismatch negativity (MMN) was more negative for ONs and angry prosody than for UNs and neutral prosody, respectively. These results suggest that attention is involuntarily attracted by ONs and emotional prosody, and that both types of information are given priority processing, even under pre‐attentive conditions. Importantly, ONs with angry prosody induced more negative MMN than did similar UNs and ONs with neutral prosody, which indicates that the motivational significance embedded in angry prosody promotes the self‐reference effect and, thus, involves more attention resources. At 300–500 ms, ONs triggered smaller P3a than did UNs, suggesting that less cognitive resources are required to process self‐relevant information. These results suggest that self‐relevant and emotional information of preferential processing interact with each other during the pre‐attentive stage, with self‐reference enhancing the processing of emotional information.
Assessing the relationship between people at increased risk of developing diabetes and periodontitis: a systematic review study
Authors: Maboudi Avideh , Pourmirafzali Seyyed Mostafa , Haddadi Azam , Moosazadeh Mahmood 
Published: December 2021

AbstractImpaired glucose tolerance is an intermediate condition between diabetes and normal blood glucose, in which blood glucose level has risen and is between 100–126mg/dL. Present evidence suggests that there is a relationship between poor control of diabetes and uncontrolled diabetes with periodontal disease. People with impaired glucose tolerance may have a more unfavourable periodontal condition than the general population with a mechanism similar to those with diabetes. Accordingly, the present study aims to assess the relationship between impaired glucose tolerance and periodontal disease using systematic review criteria.This study is a systematic review. The databases included PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar search engine. Two individuals independently selected studies based on the inclusion criteria. The Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist was used for quality assessment. Search management was conducted using EndNote software.After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, seven articles were included in the study. Regarding the pocket depth (PD) index, five studies stated that there is a relationship between impaired glucose tolerance status and the severity of the periodontal disease, and lower periodontal health was observed in groups with higher levels of blood glucose (p<0.05). With regard to the bleeding on probing (BOP) index, it should be stated that most studies have reported that there is a relationship with impaired glucose tolerance indices (p<0.05).This systematic review study suggested that there is a relationship between periodontal indicators and impaired glucose tolerance. Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons.
Hydrophobic modified poly(l‐glutamic acid) graft copolymer micelles with ultrahigh drug loading capacity for anticancer drug delivery
Authors: Dong Si , Tang Yue , He Pan , Ma Sheng , Song Wantong , Deng Mingxiao , Tang Zhaohui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSelf‐assembled polymeric nanoparticle (NP) drug carriers are capable of encapsulated and controlled delivery, facilitating improvements in the therapeutic efficiency of drugs. Here we report a series of poly(l‐glutamic acid)‐g‐methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)/4‐phenylbutyl ester (PLG‐g‐mPEG/PB) copolymers, which were synthesized by esterification of 4‐phenylbutanol (PB) and PLG‐g‐mPEG in different feed ratios. The copolymers obtained form into nano‐sized micelles in aqueous solution by a self‐assembly process, with lower critical micelle concentration value for higher PB ratio in the copolymers. Variable temperature infrared spectroscopy and circular dichroism were used to prove the breaking of intermolecular hydrogen bonds after PB modification. Podophyllotoxin (PPT), an effective anticancer agent, was incorporated into the inner core of the micelle system by physical entrapment through hydrophobic interaction between the drug and the PB‐modified copolymers. Both the drug loading content and the loading efficiency increased with PB content in the PLG‐g‐mPEG/PB copolymers and reached an ultrahigh value of 28.2 wt% and 94%, respectively. The PPT‐encapsulated micelles (PPT‐NPs) were stable at pH 7.4 but dissociated and released 80% of loaded PPT in a weak acidic environment (pH 5.0). The in vitro proliferation of non‐small‐cell lung cancer cells (A549) was significantly inhibited by PPT‐NPs in a cytotoxicity assay. These results demonstrate that hydrophobic modification is an efficient route for tuning the self‐assembly behaviour and drug encapsulation of PLG‐g‐mPEG copolymers, and our PLG‐g‐mPEG/PB will serve as a promising carrier for hydrophobic anticancer drug delivery. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Proton beam radiation therapy treatment for head and neck cancer
Authors: Mohamed Nader , Lee Anna , Lee Nancy Y. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProton beam therapy has gained popularity over recent years. This is likely due to improved affordability; that is, lower cost, and increasing reports on excellent patient‐reported outcomes. Protons’ physical properties provide dosimetric advantages over photon therapy due to the unique ability to have little‐to‐no “exit” dose, potentially translating to reduced toxicities and improved patient quality of life. The increased delivery of proton beam therapy to treat numerous head and neck cancers, including oropharynx, nasopharynx, sinonasal, in the re‐irradiation setting, and unilateral malignancies, has led to more studies elucidating the clinical risks and benefits. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent literature on proton beam therapy utilization in head and neck cancer. In addition, we discuss the process of treatment and planning, clinical treatment toxicities and outcomes, limitations, and future directions.
Temulence Therapy to Orthotopic Colorectal Tumor via Oral Administration of Fungi‐Based Acetaldehyde Generator
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zheng Di‐Wei , Li Chu‐Xin , Pan Pei , Zeng Si‐Min , Pan Ting , Zhang Xian‐Zheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTaking inspiration from percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) for tumor ablation, an acetaldehyde generator (SC@ZIF@ADH) is constructed for tumor treatment by modifying a metal–organic framework nanocarrier (ZIF), which is loaded with alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), onto the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC). Oral administration of SC@ZIF@ADH can target tumor via mannose‐mediated targeting to tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and generate ethanol at the hypoxic tumor areas. Ethanol is subsequently catalyzed to toxic acetaldehyde by ADH, inducing tumor cells apoptosis and polarizing TAMs toward the anti‐tumor phenotype. In vivo animal results show that this acetaldehyde generator can cause a temulence‐like reaction in the tumor, significantly inhibiting tumor progression, and might provide an intelligent and nonsurgical substitute for PEI therapy.
Temporal dynamics of decision making: A synthesis of computational and neurophysiological approaches
Authors: Harris Alison , Hutcherson Cendri A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs interest in the temporal dynamics of decision‐making has grown, researchers have increasingly turned to computational approaches such as the drift diffusion model (DDM) to identify how cognitive processes unfold during choice. At the same time, technological advances in noninvasive neurophysiological methods such as electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography now allow researchers to map the neural time course of decision making with millisecond precision. Combining these approaches can potentially yield important new insights into how choices emerge over time. Here we review recent research on the computational and neurophysiological correlates of perceptual and value‐based decision making, from DDM parameters to scalp potentials and oscillatory neural activity. Starting with motor response preparation, the most well‐understood aspect of the decision process, we discuss evidence that urgency signals and shifts in baseline activation, rather than shifts in the physiological value of the choice‐triggering response threshold, are responsible for adjusting response times under speeded choice scenarios. Research on the neural correlates of starting point bias suggests that prestimulus activity can predict biases in motor choice behavior. Finally, studies examining the time dynamics of evidence construction and evidence accumulation have identified signals at frontocentral and centroparietal electrodes associated respectively with these processes, emerging 300–500 ms after stimulus onset. These findings can inform psychological theories of decision‐making, providing empirical support for attribute weighting in value‐based choice while suggesting theoretical alternatives to dual‐process accounts. Further research combining computational and neurophysiological approaches holds promise for providing greater insight into the moment‐by‐moment evolution of the decision process.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Reasoning and Decision Making
Neuroscience > Cognition
Economics > Individual Decision‐Making
Removal of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water and water/soil slurry using Fe0‐modified reactive activated carbon conjugated with persulfate
Authors: Gevaerd de Souza Naomi , Parenky Akshay Chandrashekar , Nguyen Hiep Hoang , Jeon Junha , Choi Hyeok 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTreatment of highly persistent perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been a challenging but significant task. Herein, we propose adsorption‐mediated chemical decomposition of PFAS implemented by using granular activated carbon (GAC) impregnated with zerovalent nanoiron (ZVI, Fe0), so‐called reactive activated carbon (RAC). The effects of reaction temperature, injection of persulfate (PS), and presence of soil on removal of PFAS in water were evaluated. Results showed that RAC conjugated with PS at 60°C exhibited decomposition of PFAS, exclusively all three carboxylic PFAS tested, obviously producing various identifiable short‐chain PFAS. Carboxylic PFAS were removed via physical adsorption combined with chemical decomposition while sulfonic PFAS were removed via solely adsorption mechanism. The presence of soil particles did not greatly affect the overall removal of PFAS. Carbon mass balance suggested that chemical oxidation by radical mechanisms mutually influences, in a complex manner, PFAS adsorption to GAC, ZVI and its iron derivatives, and soil particles. Nonetheless, all tested six PFAS were removed significantly. If successfully developed, the adsorption‐mediated decomposition strategy may work for treatment of complex media containing PFAS and co‐contaminants under different environmental settings.Practitioners Points
Treatment of persistent per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) was addressed.
Activated carbon with zerovalent iron was examined in the presence of persulfate.
The system significantly removed and decomposed PFAS in water and soil mixture.
Neighborhood Effects, the Life Course, and Educational Outcomes: Four Theoretical Models of Effect Heterogeneity
Authors: Levy Brian L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this chapter, I review research analyzing heterogeneity in neighborhood effects on educational attainment. Using a life-course perspective on neighborhood effects, I describe four potential models of effect heterogeneity: cumulative advantage, cumulative disadvantage, advantage leveling, and compensatory advantage. Extant research most thoroughly explores effect heterogeneity by family socioeconomic background with evidence in support of multiple models. Research on secondary outcomes like achievement and dropout finds evidence of a cumulative disadvantage model, whereas research on bachelor’s degree completion finds evidence of an advantage leveling model. Still, scholarship on heterogeneity in neighborhood effects is in its nascency, and I conclude this chapter with several recommendations for future directions in research.