bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of 3 Multi-PCR Based Microsatellite Instability Analysis (MSA) for Bladder Cancer Detection
Authors: Reynolds Thomas , Gordon Maxie , Moon David , Moon Chulso 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Several studies have shown that microsatellite changes can be profiled in urine for the detection of bladder cancer. Use of microsatellite analysis (MSA) for bladder cancer detection requires a comprehensive analysis of up to 15 to 20 markers, which were based on amplification and interpretations of many individual MSA markers and can be technically challenging. Here, in a way to develop fast, more efficient, standardized and less costly MSA for detection of bladder cancer, we have developed 3 multiplex PCR based MSA assay, all of which were analyzed by genetic analyzer. First, we have selected 16 MSA markers based on 9 selected publications. Based on samples from Johns Hopkins University (JHU Sample, first set sample), we have attempted to develop MSA assay based on doublet, 2 tube based multiplex PCR combined with singlet, 1 tube based single plex PCR. While this assay was initially successful, we have encountered a reproducibility issue and we then developed MSA based on triplet, 3 tube based multiplex PCR (Triplet MSA assay). From second set samples (6 cancer patients’ and 14 normal individuals’ sample), our Triplet Assay with 15 MSA markers correctly predicted all of 6/6 cancer samples to be cancerous sample and 14/14 samples from normal individuals as normal samples. This result suggests that our Triplet MSA Assay combined with genetic analyzer is a potentially time and cost-effective genetic assay for bladder cancer detection and can be used potentially as a dependable assay in patient care.
The Biology of Medicinal Resource Substitution in Salvia
Authors: Cui Ning , Chen Tiezhu , Liao Baosheng , Xu Jiang , Li Xiwen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The decrease of wild reserves and the sharp increase of market demand have led to resource substitution, but it is still not clear how to discover medicinal alternative resources. Here we reveal the biology of medicinal resource substitution in the case of Salvia.Methods: A hypothesis was put forward that phylogeny and ecology were the main factors which determined alternative species selection. Phylogenetic analysis was performed based on chloroplast genomes. Spatial climatic pattern was assessed through three mathematical models. Results: S. miltiorrhiza and alternative species were mainly located in Clade 3 in topology, and their growth environment was clustered into an independent group 3 inferred from Principal Component analysis. Correlation and Maxent major climate factor analyses showed that the ecological variations within each lineage were significantly smaller than the overall divergent between any two lineages. Mantel test reconfirmed the inalienability between phylogeny and ecology (P = 0.002). Only the species that are genetically and ecologically related to S. miltiorrhiza can form a cluster with it. Conclusion: Phylogenetic relationship and geographical climate work together to determine which species has the potential to be selected as substitutes. Other medicinal plants can learn from this biology towards developing alternative resources.
Basis for drug selectivity of plasmepsin IX and X inhibition for Plasmodium falciparum and vivax
Authors: Cowman Alan , Hodder Anthony , Christensen Janni , Scally Stephen , Triglia Tony , Ngo Anna , Birkinshaw Richard , Bailey Brodie , Favuzza Paola , Dietrich Melanie , Tham Wai-Hong , Czabotar Peter , Lowes Kym , Guo Zhuyan , Murgolo Nicholas , Ruiz Manuel , McCauley John , Sleebs Brad , Olsen David 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Plasmepsin IX (PMIX) and X (PMX) are aspartyl proteases of Plasmodium spp. that play essential roles in parasite egress, invasion and development. Consequently, they are important drug targets for Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax. WM4 and WM382 are potent inhibitors of PMIX and PMX that block invasion of liver and blood stages and transmission to mosquitoes. WM4 specifically inhibits PMX whilst WM382 is a dual inhibitor of PMIX and PMX. To understand the function of PMIX and PMX proteases we identified new protein substrates in P. falciparum and together with detailed kinetic analyses and structural analyses identified key molecular interactions in the active site responsible for the specificity of WM4 and WM382 inhibition. The crystal structures of PMX apo enzyme and the protease/drug complexes of PMX/WM382 and PMX/WM4 for P. falciparum and P. vivax have been solved. We show PMIX and PMX have similar substrate selectivity, however, there are distinct differences for both peptide and full-length protein substrates through differences in localised 3-dimensional structures for the enzyme substrate-binding cleft and substrate interface. The differences in affinities of WM4 and WM382 binding for PMIX and PMX map to variations in surface interactions with each protease in the S' region of the active sites. Crystal structures of PMX reveal interactions and mechanistic detail on the selectivity of drug binding which will be important for further development of clinical candidates against these important molecular targets.
Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Data Modelling
Authors: Petrova-Antonova Dessislava , Kunchev Todor , Manova Ilina , Spasov Ivaylo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Recently, a huge amount of data is available for clinical research on cognitive diseases. A lot of challenges arise when data from different repositories should be integrated. Since data entities are stored with different names at different levels of granularity, a common data model is needed, providing a unified description of different factors and indicators of cognitive diseases. This paper proposes a common hierarchical data model of patients with cognitive disorders, which keeps the semantics of the data in a human-readable format and accelerates interoperability of clinical datasets. It defines data entities, their attributes and relationships related to diagnosis and treatment. The data model covers four main aspects of the patient’s profile: (1) personal profile; (2) anamnestic profile, including social status, everyday habits, and head trauma history; (3) clinical profile, describing medical investigations and assessments, comorbidities and the most likely diagnose; and (4) treatment profile with prescribed medications. It provides a native vocabulary, improving data availability, saving efforts, accelerating clinical data interoperability and standardizing data to minimize risk of rework and misunderstandings. The data model enables the application of machine learning algorithms by helping scientists to understand the semantics of information through a holistic view of patient.
Functionally Calibrating Life Satisfaction: The Case of Mating Motives and Self-Perceived Mate Value
Authors: Ko Ahra , Suh Eunkook M. , Shin Ji-eun , Neuberg Steven 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
If life satisfaction has functional significance for goal achievement, it should be calibrated to cues of potential success on active and fundamentally important goals. Within the context of mating motivation, we tested this hypothesis with self-perceived mate value—an assessment of one’s potential mating success. As hypothesized, because most individuals (eventually) seek long-term relationships, self-perceived long-term mate value predicted life satisfaction for men and women regardless of relationship status. In contrast, and also as hypothesized, self-perceived short-term mate value predicted life satisfaction only for individuals with short-term mating goals—single uncommitted men (Studies 1, 2A, and 2B), individuals dispositionally motivated toward short-term relationships (Studies 2A and 2B), and single uncommitted women for whom short-term mating motivation was experimentally engaged, enabling causal inference (Study 3). Results support a functional conceptualization of life satisfaction, showing that currently active mating goals can shape the extent to which goal-specific self-perceived mate value predicts life satisfaction.
Prognostic CT Features and Prediction Model of Patients With Primary Hepatocellular Carcinomas Undergoing Partial Hepatectomy
Authors: Zhou Cuiping , Ban Xiaohua , Hu Huijun , Yang Qiuxia , Zhang Rong , Xie Chuanmiao , Yang Lingjie , Shen Xinping , Duan Xiaohui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant tumor in the liver. Partial hepatectomy is one of the most effective therapies for HCC but suffer from the high recurrence rate. At present, the studies of association between clinical outcomes and CT features of patients with HCCs undergoing partial hepatectomy are still limited. The purpose of this study is to determine the predictive CT features and establish a model for predicting relapse or metastasis in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) undergoing partial hepatectomy.Methods: The clinical data and CT features of 112 patients with histopathologically confirmed primary HCCs were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical outcomes were categorized into two groups according to whether relapse or metastasis occurred within 2 years after partial hepatectomy. The association between clinical outcomes and CT features including tumour size, margin, shape, vascular invasion (VI), arterial phase hyperenhancement, washout appearance, capsule appearance, satellite lesion, involvement segment, cirrhosis, peritumoral enhancement and necrosis was analyzed using univariate analysis and binary logistic regression. Then establish logistic regression model, followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: CT features including tumor size, margin, shape, VI, washout appearance, satellite lesion, involvement segment, peritumoral enhancement and necrosis were associated with clinical outcomes, as determined by univariate analysis (P<0.05). Only tumor margin and VI remained independent risk factors in binary logistic regression analysis (OR=6.41 and 10.92 respectively). The logistic regression model was logit(p)=-1.55+1.86 margin +2.39 VI. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve of the obtained logistic regression model was 0.887(95% CI：0.827-0.947).Conclusion: Patients with ill-defined margin or VI of HCCs were independent risk predictors of poor clinical outcome after partial hepatectomy. The model as logit(p)= -1.55+1.86 margin +2.39 VI was a good predictor of the clinical outcomes.
Dynamic single-molecule sensing via nanoparticle micromanipulation for rapid and ultrasensitive biomarker detection
Authors: Zeng Qiang , Zhou Xiaoyan , Yang Yuting , Sun Yi , Wang Jingan , Zhai Chunhui , Li Jinghong , Yu Hui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The ability to measure many single molecules simultaneously in larger and complex samples is critical to the translation of single-molecule sensors for practical applications in biomarker detection. The challenges lie in the limits imposed by mass transportation and thermodynamics, resulting in long assay time and/or insufficient sensitivity. Here, we report an approach called Sensing Single Molecule under MicroManipulation (SSM3) to circumvent the above limits. In SSM3, the transportation rate of analyte molecules and the kinetics of molecular interaction are fine-tuned by the nanoparticle micromanipulation. The heterogeneous lifetime of molecular complexes is quantified to discriminate specific binding from nonspecific background noise. By the highly-specific digital counting of single molecules, we demonstrate 15-minute assays for direct detection of microRNAs and amyloid-β proteins via electrical or magnetic micromanipulation, with the limit of detection at the subfemtomolar level. The presented approach could inspire more practical applications of single molecule sensors.
Evaluating The Relationship Between Dermatoglyphics and Mandibular Third Molar Impaction - A Cross-Sectional study
Authors: Kapoor Ashish , Premalatha Shetty , Sameep Shetty , Srik N , Nancy Agarwal , Yash Merchant , Seyed Riahi Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction:

Dermatoglyphics may be of clinical significance to segregate those individuals who are at an increased risk for the presence of an impacted tooth. Dermatoglyphics seems to be promising as a non-invasive diagnostic tool to forecast the presence/absence of an impacted tooth.
Objective

The study aimed to analyze the most common pattern of dermatoglyphics present in an individual with/without impacted tooth and find a dermatoglyphic marker if any.
Methods

A cross-sectional study comprising of 180 subjects (90 cases and 90 control) was conducted. Blue duplicating ink was applied on the fingertips using the rolling impression technique and recorded.
Results

In individuals predisposed to the presence of impacted teeth, there was an increase in the frequency of WHORL-PLAIN pattern in right hand ring finger (60%) and left hand little finger (33.3%) with a p-value of 0.028 and 0.009 respectively, and LOOP-ULNAR in the right hand middle finger (74.4%) with a p-value of 0.024. Forward stepwise binary logistic regression analysis showed the left hand little finger to be the most predictive for impaction.
Conclusion

Dermatoglyphics could serve as a non-invasive marker to forecast the presence/absence of an impacted tooth. Its utility lies in early diagnosis to curtail the surgical complications associated with symptomatic removal of an impacted tooth.
Foliar Nutrient Supplementation with Micronutrient-Embedded Fertilizer Increases Biofortification in Eggplant Fruit and Soil Biological Activity While Enhancing Plant Productivity
Authors: Bana Ram Swaroop , Jat Gograj Singh , Grover Minakshi , Bamboriya Shanti D. , Singh Deepak , Bansal Ruchi , Choudhary Anil K. , Kumar Vipin , Laing Alison M , Godara Samarth , Bana Ramesh Chand , Kumar Hement , Kuri Bhola Ram , Yadav Achchhelal , Singh Teekam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition or hidden hunger remains a major global challenge for human health and wellness. The problem results from soil micro- and macro-nutrient deficiencies combined with imbalanced fertilizer use. Micronutrient-embedded NPK (MNENPK) complex fertilizers have been developed to overcome the macro- and micro-element deficiencies to enhance the yield and nutritive value of key crop products. We investigated the effect of foliar applications of an MNENPK fertilizer containing N, P, K, Fe, Zn & B in combination with traditional basal NPK fertilizers in terms of eggplant yield, fruit nutritive quality and on soil biological properties. Applying a multi-element foliar fertilizer improved the nutritional quality of eggplant fruit, with a significant increases in the concentration of Fe (+26%), Zn (+34%), K (+6%), Cu (+24%), and Mn (+27%), all of which are essential for human health. Increasing supply of essential micronutrients during the plant reproductive stages increased fruit yield, as a result of improved yield parameters. The positive effect of foliar fertilizing with MNENPK on soil biological parameters (soil microbial biomass carbon, dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase) also demonstrated its capacity to enhance soil fertility. This study suggests that foliar fertilizing with a multi-nutrient product such as MNENPK at eggplant flowering and fruiting stages, combined with the recommended-doses of NPK fertilizers is the optimal strategy to improve the nutritional quality of eggplant fruits and increase crop yields, both of which will contribute to reducing micronutrient malnutrition and hunger globally.
Is renal impairment predictor of future diabetic peripheral neuropathy? A 6-year follow-up cohort study
Authors: Wang Chi-Sheng , Pai Yen-Wei , Lin Ching-Heng , Lee I-Te , Chang Ming-Hong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The relationship between renal impairment and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) remains inconclusive. We aim to investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of DPN in Taiwanese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and focus on renal impairment. A hospital-based cohort study was conducted from 2013 to 2019 and 552 Taiwanese people who had T2DM without DPN at baseline were enrolled. DPN was diagnosed using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument. Potential risk factors were recorded, including patient’s sociodemographic factors, current medication usage and biochemical markers. As of 2019, 73 developed DPN and 479 had no DPN. The cumulative incidence during the 6-year period was 13.22%. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (odds ratio [OR] 0.98, p=0.008), higher serum creatinine concentration in people under the age of 65 (OR 5.25, p=0.013), advanced age (OR 1.06, p=0.001), increased body weight (OR 1.04, p=0.018), duration of DM (OR 1.05, p=0.036) and male gender (OR 3.69, p=0.011) were significantly associated with future DPN. In conclusion, this is the first large scaled cohort study to investigate risk factors for DPN in Taiwanese. Lower eGFR, higher serum creatinine concentration, particularly in people under the age of 65, advanced age, increased body weight, duration of DM and male gender are predictors of future DPN. Our study not only confirms the association between renal impairment and future DPN but also provides a commonly available assessment to predict the future DPN.
New Short RNA Motifs Potentially Relevant in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Genome
Authors: Fuertes Miguel Angel , Alonso Carlos 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As time passes, identifying new pharmacological targets is becoming more difficult. Shortly, it will be necessary to devise new strategies to tackle the problem. The coronavirus disease outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 , represents a threat to human health serving as example from what we just said. The present study was aimed to collect a set of short RNA motifs with potential biological impact, most of which have not been observed heretofore. Categorizing RNA triplets by their gross-composition, the study collected 88 short RNA motifs, shared by most coronavirus genera independent on the percent identity between genomes. Selected motifs contain all nearest-neighbours of the triplets A, T, G and A, C, G. The high percent identity between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus genomes makes it difficult these peptides to be found by current methods. The results provide 50 motifs in the 1a polyprotein-encoding orf, 27 in the 1b polyprotein-encoding orf, 5 in the spike-encoding orf and 6 in the nucleocapsid-encoding orf. They also provide insights about the validity of the procedure, confirming some motifs interspersed or attached to known relevant functional fragments of the genome, although most of them have not yet been associated to any known function. The high level of preservation of these motifs in most coronavirus genera suggest they might have potential to be used for diagnostic, in vaccines, or as substrate for protease inhibitors.
PPP2R3A Affects the Function and Mechanism of Heterogeneous Fibroblasts in Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Shi Xiaoni , Yang Shaoqi , Luo Wei , Wang Sha , Huang Jie , Chen Mengling , Wang Jing , Cheng Yusi , Zhang Xinxin , Chao Jie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Fibroblasts have important roles in the synthesis and remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins during pulmonary fibrosis. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of heterogeneous fibroblasts during disease progression remains unknown. Methods: Physiological saline and silica were used to generate a chronic pulmonary fibrosis model in mice, and single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptome sequencing, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed to identify fibroblast subtypes. Small interfering RNA was used to specifically knockdown the target protein, and western blotting, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and wound healing assays were used to detect the role of GREM1/PPP2R3A in a newly identified fibroblast subtype. Results: Fibroblasts of the new subtype were mainly located in the lesion area and coexpressed inflammation- and proliferation-related genes; they were termed inflammatory-proliferation fibroblasts. Grem1 was the most highly expressed gene in this subtype, as confirmed in HPF-a cells after TGF-β1 treatment. We characterized the downstream mechanism of GREM1/PPP2R3A: these factors mediated the increases in cell viability, proliferation and migration induced by TGF-β1 in fibroblasts. Conclusion: This new subtype of inflammatory, proliferative fibroblasts plays a pivotal role during pulmonary fibrosis, and PPP2R3A, as a downstream regulatory target of GREM1, is involved in pulmonary fibrosis, providing new insights for the prevention and treatment of silicosis.
The Correlation of Atherosclerosis and Triglyceride Glucose Index: A Secondary Analysis of a National Cross-Sectional Study of Japanese
Authors: yang xingping , Gao Zhao , Huang Xuming , Zhang Mingxing , Shi Yihua , Chen Zhuoming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The triglyceride/glucose index (TyG index) has been suggested as a simple and reliable surrogate insulin resistance (IR) marker for years. However, the association between the TyG index and arterial stiffness in adults is controversial. Therefore, we evaluated this relationship, as measured based on the brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), in Japanese adults.Methods: This study selected a total of 912 participants from the NAGALA (NAfld in Gifu Area, Longitudinal Analysis) study conducted from 2004 to 2012.The relationship between TyG index and baPWV was estimated through a logistics model. Subgroup analyses by gender, age, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and fatty liver were performed. The formula for TyG index was ln [½fasting triglyceride level (mg/dL) × fasting plasma glucose level (mg/dL)].Results: After adjusting for underlying confounders, a linear relationship between TyG and baPWV was discovered. After adjusting for gender, age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fatty liver, and eGFR, TyG, as a continuous variable, was related to an increased risk of baPWV (adjusted odds ratio [adj OR], 1.57; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.14–2.18). Compared with the the TyG index in the first tertile, the probabilities of subjects in the third tertile that developed to baPWV were 1.78-fold higher (adj OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.08–2.95; P for trend 0.024). Stable associations were also observed between the TyG index and baPWV in different variables through subgroup analyses.Conclusions: The TyG index was positively and linearly related to subclinical atherosclerosis in Japanese adults and may be valuable as a predicted marker.