bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solar Orbiter’s encounter with the tail of comet C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS): Magnetic field draping and cometary pick-up ion waves
Authors: Matteini L. , Laker R. , Horbury T. , Woodham L. , Bale S. D. , Stawarz J. E. , Woolley T. , Steinvall K. , Jones G. H. , Grant S. R. , Afghan Q. , Galand M. , O’Brien H. , Evans V. , Angelini V. , Maksimovic M. , Chust T. , Khotyaintsev Y. , Krasnoselskikh V. , Kretzschmar M. , Lorfèvre E. , Plettemeier D. , Souček J. , Steller M. , Štverák Š. , Trávníček P. , Vaivads A. , Vecchio A. , Wimmer-Schweingruber R. F. , Ho G. C. , Gómez-Herrero R. , Rodríguez-Pacheco J. , Louarn P. , Fedorov A. , Owen C. J. , Bruno R. , Livi S. , Zouganelis I. , Müller D. 
Published: October 2021

Context.Solar Orbiter is expected to have flown close to the tail of comet C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) during the spacecraft’s first perihelion in June 2020. Models predict a possible crossing of the comet tails by the spacecraft at a distance from the Sun of approximately 0.5 AU.Aims.This study is aimed at identifying possible signatures of the interaction of the solar wind plasma with material released by comet ATLAS, including the detection of draped magnetic field as well as the presence of cometary pick-up ions and of ion-scale waves excited by associated instabilities. This encounter provides us with the first opportunity of addressing such dynamics in the inner Heliosphere and improving our understanding of the plasma interaction between comets and the solar wind.Methods.We analysed data from all in situ instruments on board Solar Orbiter and compared their independent measurements in order to identify and characterize the nature of structures and waves observed in the plasma when the encounter was predicted.Results.We identified a magnetic field structure observed at the start of 4 June, associated with a full magnetic reversal, a local deceleration of the flow and large plasma density, and enhanced dust and energetic ions events. The cross-comparison of all these observations support a possible cometary origin for this structure and suggests the presence of magnetic field draping around some low-field and high-density object. Inside and around this large scale structure, several ion-scale wave-forms are detected that are consistent with small-scale waves and structures generated by cometary pick-up ion instabilities.Conclusions.Solar Orbiter measurements are consistent with the crossing through a magnetic and plasma structure of cometary origin embedded in the ambient solar wind. We suggest that this corresponds to the magnetotail of one of the fragments of comet ATLAS or to a portion of the tail that was previously disconnected and advected past the spacecraft by the solar wind.
Detection of OH in the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76b
Authors: Landman R. , Sánchez-López A. , Mollière P. , Kesseli A. Y. , Louca A. J. , Snellen I. A. G. 
Published: October 2021

Context. Ultra-hot Jupiters have dayside temperatures at which most molecules are expected to thermally dissociate. The dissociation of water vapour results in the production of the hydroxyl radical (OH). While OH absorption is easily observed in near-infrared spectra of M dwarfs, which have similar effective temperatures as ultra-hot Jupiters, it is often not considered when studying the atmospheres of ultra-hot Jupiters. Ground-based high-resolution spectroscopy during the primary transit is a powerful tool for detecting molecular absorption in these planets.
Aims. We aim to assess the presence and detectability of OH in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76b.
Methods. We use high-resolution spectroscopic observations of a transit of WASP-76b obtained using CARMENES. After validating the OH line list, we generate model transit spectra of WASP-76b with petitRADTRANS. The data are corrected for stellar and telluric contamination and cross-correlated with the model spectra. After combining all cross-correlation functions from the transit, a detection map is constructed. Constraints on the planet properties from the OH absorption are obtained from a Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis.
Results. OH is detected in the atmosphere of WASP-76b with a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 6.1. From the retrieval we obtain Kp = 232 ± 12 km s−1 and a blueshift of − 13.2 ± 1.6 km s−1, which are offset from the expected velocities. Considering the fast spin rotation of the planet, the blueshift is best explained with the signal predominantly originating from the evening terminator and the presence of a strong dayside-to-nightside wind. The increased Kp over its expected value (196.5 km s−1) is, however, a bit puzzling. The signal is found to be broad, with a full width at half maximum of 16.8−4.0+4.6 km s−1. The retrieval results in a weak constraint on the mean temperature of 2700–3700 K at the pressure range of the OH signal.
Conclusions. We show that OH is readily observable in the transit spectra of ultra-hot Jupiters. Studying this molecule can provide insights into the molecular dissociation processes in the atmospheres of such planets.
TLR or NOD receptor signaling skews monocyte fate decision via distinct mechanisms driven by mTOR and miR-155
Authors: Coillard Alice , Guyonnet Léa , De Juan Alba , Cros Adeline , Segura Elodie 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Monocytes are key players in immune responses to pathogen entry. They exert a major part of their function through their differentiation into macrophages or dendritic cells, two populations with largely distinct roles in immune responses. Yet, we still have a very limited view of the factors orientating monocyte fate to become macrophages versus dendritic cells, in particular how pathogen recognition modulates this process. Here, we show that pathogen sensing skews monocyte fate decision, that is, the first steps of the differentiation process, with TLR signaling favoring macrophage development while NOD receptor signaling induces dendritic cell differentiation.
A conserved genetic architecture among populations of the maize progenitor, teosinte, was radically altered by domestication
Authors: Chen Qiuyue , Samayoa Luis Fernando , Yang Chin Jian , Olukolu Bode A. , York Alessandra M. , Sanchez-Gonzalez Jose de Jesus , Xue Wei , Glaubitz Jeffrey C. , Bradbury Peter J. , Romay Maria Cinta , Sun Qi , Buckler Edward S. , Holland James B. , Doebley John F. 
Published: October 2021

SignificanceWe investigated the genetic architecture of maize domestication using a quantitative genetics approach. With multiple populations of teosinte and maize, we also compared the genetic architecture among populations within maize and teosinte. We showed that genetic architecture among populations within teosinte or maize is generally conserved, in contrast to the radical differences between teosinte and maize. Our results suggest that while selection drove changes in essentially all traits between teosinte and maize, selection is far less important for explaining domestication trait differences among populations within teosinte or maize.
The troubadour material in Curial e
Güelfa
Authors: Cantalupi Cecilia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Through the discussion of the previous
bibliography, this essay will try to determine the knowledge of
troubadours possessed by the author of Curial e
Güelfa and, by distinguishing the sources used case by
case, to reformulate some theories about how the author acquired
them and his access to the original manuscripts.
The Fortune of Curial e Güelfa (from discovery
to edition)
Authors: Roca Rafael 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The context in which the manuscript of the
medieval novel Curial e Güelfa was discovered in
the second half of the 19th century, together with the fact that
Manuel Milà i Fontanals did not encourage the dissemination of this
finding, created some doubt about the circumstances surrounding the
finding of Curial by the Catalan scholar: which
reactions did the announcement of the news provoke? Why was it not
edited by Milà i Fontanals himself? Which role did intellectuals
such as Antonio Paz y Melia, head of the Manuscript Section of the
Spanish National Library, and Antoni Rubió i Lluch, the first editor
of Curial e Güelfa, play in the dissemination of
this work in the last third of the 19th century?
Història del lèxic i Curial e Güelfa
Authors: Martines Josep 
Published: October 2021

Resum
Aquest article estudia l’evolució semàntica de
l’adjectiu palès -esa i del verb
palesar en català a la llum dels corpus
textuals. S’aplica en aquesta anàlisi una metodologia basada en la
semàntica diacrònica d’orientació cognitiva. Aquesta recerca mostra
que l’adjectiu, ja atestat al s. xiii, segueix una evolució
marcada per mecanismes i factors ben coneguts en el canvi semàntic:
la projecció metafòrica i, sobretot, metonímica i la
(inter)subjectivació. Del s. xvi en avant, la freqüència
d’ús de palès -esa decau considerablement i remunta
quan és incorporat al model de referència amb la creació i la
difusió del català estàndard a primeria del s. xx. D’una
altra banda, es demostra que el verb palesar només
consta en català en textos d’influència italiana del s. xv,
com ara el Curial e Güelfa, i hi irromp amb sentits
paral·lels als de l’italià de l’època. No torna a parèixer als corpus
fins que és també incorporat al model estàndard al s. xx.
Aquest article remarca la necessitat d’aprofundir en l’estudi del
lèxic del Curial e Güelfa i, particularment, en la
influència d’altres llengües en aquesta obra.
Bellesa, valor, and
honor
Authors: Scarpati Oriana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on the instances of direct
speech in the anonymous chivalric romance Curial and
Guelfa. More specifically, it analyzes, on the one
hand, the encomia of the young hero Curial pronounced by the
characters in their speeches, and, on the other hand, the formal and
structural characteristics of two types of direct speech: speech
dealing with love themes, and speech addressed by a challenger to
his rival in the context of duels. Furthermore, the study examines
the occurrences of the term honor in direct
speeches as an expression of the author’s concept of chivalry.
El verb metre en el Curial e
Güelfa
Authors: Pons Conca Jaume 
Published: October 2021

Resum
El verb metre era molt prolífic
en català antic, i abraçava bona part dels sentits actuals de
posar. El segle XV va suposar un trencament en
relació a la freqüència i als usos d’aquests dos verbs. En el
present estudi analitzem, d’una banda, l’estructura semàntica del
verb metre en el Curial e Güelfa,
i, d’una altra, alguns dels processos de gramaticalització que
aquest verb ha experimentat. La lingüística de corpus (més
concretament, el CIMTAC) ens proveeix els exemples
necessaris per a interpretar-ne els valors i establir-ne
comparacions amb textos coetanis de característiques semblants.
Acquisition of noun and verb derivation in Estonian
Authors: Argus Reili 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study is to describe the acquisition of
derivation in Estonian. The analysis is based on recorded spontaneous speech
of three Estonian children between the ages of 1;3 and 3;1. The role of
productivity, transparency, semantics and frequency of suffixes and
patterns, as well as the learning strategy (from simplex to complex), have
been analysed. The Estonian children started to use the first derivatives at
the same time as the first compounds emerged and noun inflection started to
develop. The number of different suffixes used by the children was quite
large, but not all suffixes were used productively. The role of productivity
and frequency can be observed in the order of the acquisition of the
suffixes.
BOX engineering to mitigate negative differential resistance in MFIS negative capacitance FDSOI FET: an analog perspective
Authors: Chauhan Nitanshu , Bagga Navjeet , Banchhor Shashank , Garg Chirag , Sharma Arvind , Datta Arnab , Dasgupta S , Bulusu Anand 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Till date, the existing understanding of negative differential resistance (NDR) is obtained from metal-ferro–metal–insulator–semiconductor (MFMIS) FET, and it has been utilized for both MFMIS and metal–ferro–insulator–semiconductor (MFIS) based NCFETs. However, in MFIS architecture, the ferroelectric capacitance (C
FE) is not a lumped capacitance. Therefore, for MFIS negative capacitance (NC) devices, the physical explanation which governs the NDR mechanism needs to be addressed. In this work, for the first time, we present the first principle explanation of the NDR effect in MFIS NC FDSOI. We found that the output current variation with the drain to source voltage (V
DS), (i.e. g
ds) primarily depends upon two parameters: (a) V
DS dependent inversion charge gradient (∂n/∂
V
DS); (b) V
DS sensitive electron velocity (∂v/∂
V
DS), and the combined effect of these two dependencies results in NDR. Further, to mitigate the NDR effect, we proposed the BOX engineered NC FDSOI FET, in which the buried oxide (BOX) layer is subdivided into the ferroelectric (FE) layer and the SiO2 layer. In doing so, the inversion charge in the channel is enhanced by the BOX engineered FE layer, which in turn mitigates the NDR and a nearly zero g
ds with a minimal positive slope has been obtained. Through well-calibrated TCAD simulations, by utilizing the obtained positive g
ds, we also designed a V
DS independent constant current mirror which is an essential part of analog circuits. Furthermore, we discussed the impact of the FE parameter (remanent polarization and coercive field) variation on the device performances. We have also compared the acquired results with existing literature on NC-based devices, which justifies that our proposed structure exhibits complete diminution of NDR, thus enabling its use in analog circuit design.
Single sensor measurement of heel-height during the push-off phase of gait
Authors: Bäcklund Tomas , Grip Helena , Öhberg Fredrik , Sundström Nina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective. In healthy gait a forceful push-off is needed to get an efficient leg swing and propulsion, and a high heel lift makes a forceful push-off possible. The power of the push-off is decreased with increased age and in persons with impaired balance and gait. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a wearable equipment (Striton) and algorithms to estimate vertical heel-height during gait from a single optical distance sensor is reliable and feasible for clinical applications. Approach. To assess heel-height with the Striton system an optical distance sensor was used to measure the distance to the floor along the shank. An algorithm was created to transform this measure to a vertical distance. The heel-height was validated in an experimental setup, against a 3D motion capture system (MCS), and test-retest and day-to-day tests were performed on 10 elderly persons. As a reference material 83 elderly persons were included, and heel-height was measured before and after surgery in four patients with the neurological disorder idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). Main results. In the experimental setup the accuracy was high with a maximum error of 2% at all distances, target colours and inclination angles, and the correlation to the MCS was R = 0.94. Test-retest and day-to-day tests were equal within ±1.2 cm. Mean heel-height of the elderly persons was 16.5 ± 0.6 cm and in the patients with iNPH heel-height was increased from 11.2 cm at baseline to 15.3 cm after surgery. Significance. Striton can reliably measure heel-height during gait, with low test-retest and day-to-day variability. The system was easy to attach, and simple to use, which makes it suitable for clinical applications.
Curl-free positive definite form of time-harmonic Maxwell’s equations well-suitable for iterative numerical solving
Authors: Moiseenko V E , Ågren O 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A new form of time-harmonic Maxwell’s equations is developed on the base of the standard ones and proposed for numerical modeling. It is written for the magnetic field strength H, electric displacement D, vector potential A and the scalar potential Φ. There are several attractive features of this form. The 1st one is that the differential operator acting on these quantities is positive. The 2nd is absence of curl operators among the leading order differential operators. The Laplacian stands for leading order operator in the equations for H, A and Φ, while the gradient of divergence stands for D. The 3rd feature is absence of space varied coefficients in the leading order differential operators that provides diagonal domination of the resulting matrix of the discretized equations. A simple example is given to demonstrate the applicability of this new form of time-harmonic Maxwell’s equations.
Deuterium retention and removal in liquid lithium determined by in situ NRA in Magnum-PSI
Authors: Ou W. , Arnoldbik W.M. , Li K. , Rindt P. , Morgan T.W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, Li-filled 3D-printed porous tungsten samples were exposed to deuterium (D) plasma in Magnum-PSI with a wide ion flux from 4 × 1022 to 1.5 × 1024 m−2 s−1 and with a corresponding wide temperature range from below Li melting point (180.5 °C) to above Li deuteride (LiD) melting point (∼690 °C). The formation, decomposition and melting of LiD have been directly observed in the experiment via infra-red thermometry and visually post-mortem while still in vacuo, and correlated to the D retained content. The LiD formation was characterized by a solid precipitate layer formed on the surface with high emissivity (0.6–0.9) characterized by a blue or dark blue color after exposure. The melting of Li–LiD layer was found to occur close to the temperature predicted by Li–LiD phase diagram. In situ nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) was applied to perform the measurement of D retained in Li samples immediately after exposure without breaking the vacuum. D depth profiles were determined by NRA, in which the highest D concentration (15–45 at.%) was found in the top several micrometers and decreases with depth to low levels (<5%) within 5–30 μm. No pure LiD layer was found on the sample surfaces, however a D concentration close to 50 at.% was observed on a Li-D co-deposited layer on the clamping ring in some cases. The experiments also indicate that the D retained increases with increasing temperature until ∼500 °C. At temperatures beyond ∼500 °C the dissociation of LiD starts to dominate and the deuterium retention started to decrease. Overall, D retained fraction for all cases was found to be below ∼2%, which is significantly different from literatures where full uptake has been suggested. A 1D reaction–diffusion (RD) model based on D diffusion and chemical reactions with Li has been built. D depth profiles from the RD modelling can roughly match that from NRA measurement and a low D retained fraction below ∼2% was also indicated by the model. The model can also help explain the relationship between D retained and the surface temperature and fluence. After D plasma exposure, either helium or H plasma was utilized to remove the retained D in Li and both were proved to be effective and the removal efficiency can be as high as 96% above 420 °C.
Buckling of steel column with box section considering residual stress under local fire
Authors: Wu L L , Zhang Y , Zhang H D , Lu Q 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In order to study the fire resistance performance of the box section steel column considering the welding residual stress under local high fire temperature, a finite element model of the box section steel column was established by using ABAQUS software, and the generation of welding residual stress was simulated. Based on the simulation results, the stable bearing capacity of the box section steel column considering welding residual stress under three kinds of local fire condition was analyzed. The results show that the tensile stress is highly concentrated in the weld seam, and the welding residual compressive stress with wide distribution and uniform amplitude is generated in other parts. Under the three kinds of local fire conditions, the stable bearing capacity of the component decreases with the increase of temperature. When the maximum temperature of the component is greater than 566 °C, the stable bearing capacity of the component decreases significantly, and the decline coefficient reaches 0.62. When the fire temperature is 436°C-658°C, the stable bearing capacity of the component is the least under condition 3, which is the most unfavorable condition of the component.
Influence of welding deformation on anti-collapse performance of single-layer reticulated shell structures with prestressed cables
Authors: Fu Y Q , Yang X D , Zhang H D , Wang Y M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the ABAQUS finite element software is used to model and analyze the single-layer reticulated shell structure. And the method of removing the constraints of key components is used to analyze the anti-continuous collapse performance of this reticulated shell structure under the action of geometric defects and welding deformation. Welding deformation is mainly caused by welding and prestressed cable tensioning of single-layer reticulated shell. The results show that the removal of the key columns under the reticulated shell will lead to the continuous collapse of the upper part, which leads to the continuous collapse of the whole structure, and the welding deformation can make the continuous collapse of the whole reticulated shell more obvious. Thus determining the influence of geometric defects and temperature shrinkage deformation on the anti-continuous collapse performance.
Assessment of the global stability of three-limbed steel tube latticed column using finite element modelling
Authors: Fu Y D , Dai X Y , Zhang H D , Shang K G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In order to study the stability performance of the three-limbed steel tube latticed column, the finite element numerical analysis method based on the structural stability theory is adopted. Firstly, the linear analysis of the three-limbed steel tube latticed column without diagonal lacing bar is carried out, and the calculation method of elastic buckling load considering the influence of shear deformation is obtained. Then, the elastic buckling analysis and elastoplastic buckling analysis three-limbed steel tube latticed column with diagonal lacing bar are carried out. The elastic buckling load and elastoplastic buckling load of three-limbed steel tube latticed column with diagonal lacing bar are studied when only the global initial geometric defects, only the member initial geometric defects, and both kinds of defects are considered at the same time. The results show that the direct finite element analysis method can be used to calculate the elastic buckling load of three-limbed steel tube latticed column with diagonal lacing bar, and the error is 6.67%. In the elastic analysis of three-limbed steel tube latticed column with diagonal lacing bar, the column global stability mainly depends on the global initial geometric defects, and the member initial geometric defect is negligible. And when two kinds of defects are applied at the same time, the structural buckling load is reduced by less than 0.20% compared to the global initial geometric defects. In the elastoplastic analysis, the column global stability is determined by both the global initial geometric defect and the member initial geometric defect. When both defects are applied at the same time, the structural buckling load decreases by less than 0.65% compared to the global initial geometric defect only, and 7.60% compared to the member initial geometric defects only. It can be concluded that there is little difference in the overall stability bearing capacity between the two kinds of defects.