bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Konstruktivistische Identitätspolitik
Authors: Schubert Karsten , Schwiertz Helge 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungIdentitätspolitik wird heute in der politischen Öffentlichkeit und der politischen Theorie auf ähnliche Weise kritisiert. Ein zentraler Topos dieser Kritik ist, dass Identitätspolitik essentialisierend sei: Sie schreibe Subjekte auf deren soziale Position fest und ergehe sich in einer Politik der Partikularität, die zu Spaltungen der nationalen Bürgerschaft und des demokratischen Diskurses (kommunitaristische und liberale Position) und zu Spaltungen innerhalb gesellschaftskritischer Bewegungen führe (kritische Position). Entgegen dieser einseitigen Kritik schlagen wir mit dem Konzept der „konstruktivistischen Identitätspolitik“ eine andere Deutung vor: Wir zeigen, dass politische Identitäten nicht essentialistisch gegeben sind, sondern aus sozialen und politischen Konstruktionsprozessen hervorgehen; dass sie aktiv durch politische (Sub-)Kulturen und Bewegungen hergestellt, erlernt und praktiziert werden. In diesen Konstruktionsprozessen wird politische Artikulations- und Handlungsfähigkeit hergestellt, die Subjekte befähigt, Herrschafts- und Diskriminierungsverhältnisse zu kritisieren. Im Anschluss an die radikale Demokratietheorie argumentieren wir, dass die so ermöglichten partikularen politischen Perspektiven der Identitätspolitik weder die Demokratie noch die Solidarität in gesellschaftskritischen Bewegungen gefährden, sondern zu deren weiterer Demokratisierung beitragen, indem sie die universell gedachten Prinzipien der Demokratie in partikularen Auseinandersetzungen aktualisieren. Während identitätspolitische Konstruktionsprozesse zwar immer wieder zu Essentialisierungen tendieren und Ausschlüsse produzieren, ist deren kritische Reflexion der Identitätspolitik inhärent. Dieses Verständnis ermöglicht auch eine Kritik solcher Identitätspolitiken, die sich nicht an den demokratischen Werten der Gleichheit und Freiheit orientieren und kritische Selbstreflexion blockieren. Nach einem Überblick der gegenwärtigen Identitätspolitik-Kritik erarbeiten wir dieses konstruktivistische Verständnis im Anschluss an die seit den 1980er Jahren geführten Debatten der feministischen und postkolonialen Theorie. Darauf aufbauend entwickeln wir den Begriff der konstruktivistischen Identitätspolitik systematisch, indem wir drei Aspekte differenzieren: Subjektivierung, Artikulation und Repräsentation. Wir beziehen uns hierzu auf Ansätze von Foucault, Rancière, Laclau/Mouffe und Hall und illustrieren die jeweiligen Aspekte anhand migrantischer Selbstorganisierungen sowie schwuler Kultur und queerer Kritik.
Dimensionality reduction for k-distance applied to persistent homology
Authors: Arya Shreya , Boissonnat Jean-Daniel , Dutta Kunal , Lotz Martin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGiven a set P of n points and a constant k, we are interested in computing the persistent homology of the Čech filtration of P for the k-distance, and investigate the effectiveness of dimensionality reduction for this problem, answering an open question of Sheehy (The persistent homology of distance functions under random projection. In Cheng, Devillers (eds), 30th Annual Symposium on Computational Geometry, SOCG’14, Kyoto, Japan, June 08–11, p 328, ACM, 2014). We show that any linear transformation that preserves pairwise distances up to a $$(1\pm {\varepsilon })$$

(
1
±
ε
)

multiplicative factor, must preserve the persistent homology of the Čech filtration up to a factor of $$(1-{\varepsilon })^{-1}$$

(
1
-
ε
)

-
1

. Our results also show that the Vietoris-Rips and Delaunay filtrations for the k-distance, as well as the Čech filtration for the approximate k-distance of Buchet et al. [J Comput Geom, 58:70–96, 2016] are preserved up to a $$(1\pm {\varepsilon })$$

(
1
±
ε
)

factor. We also prove extensions of our main theorem, for point sets (i) lying in a region of bounded Gaussian width or (ii) on a low-dimensional submanifold, obtaining embeddings having the dimension bounds of Lotz (Proc R Soc A Math Phys Eng Sci, 475(2230):20190081, 2019) and Clarkson (Tighter bounds for random projections of manifolds. In Teillaud (ed) Proceedings of the 24th ACM Symposium on Computational Geom- etry, College Park, MD, USA, June 9–11, pp 39–48, ACM, 2008) respectively. Our results also work in the terminal dimensionality reduction setting, where the distance of any point in the original ambient space, to any point in P, needs to be approximately preserved.
p-Multilevel Preconditioners for HHO Discretizations of the Stokes Equations with Static Condensation
Authors: Botti Lorenzo , Di Pietro Daniele A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe propose a p-multilevel preconditioner for hybrid high-order (HHO) discretizations of the Stokes equation, numerically assess its performance on two variants of the method, and compare with a classical discontinuous Galerkin scheme. An efficient implementation is proposed where coarse level operators are inherited using $$L^2$$

L
2

-orthogonal projections defined over mesh faces and the restriction of the fine grid operators is performed recursively and matrix-free. Both h- and k-dependency are investigated tackling two- and three-dimensional problems on standard meshes and graded meshes. For the two HHO formulations, featuring discontinuous or hybrid pressure, we study how the combination of p-coarsening and static condensation influences the V-cycle iteration. In particular, two different static condensation procedures are considered for the discontinuous pressure HHO variant, resulting in global linear systems with a different number of unknowns and matrix non-zero entries. Interestingly, we show that the efficiency of the solution strategy might be impacted by static condensation options in the case of graded meshes.
Distributed responsibility in human–machine interactions
Authors: Strasser Anna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractArtificial agents have become increasingly prevalent in human social life. In light of the diversity of new human–machine interactions, we face renewed questions about the distribution of moral responsibility. Besides positions denying the mere possibility of attributing moral responsibility to artificial systems, recent approaches discuss the circumstances under which artificial agents may qualify as moral agents. This paper revisits the discussion of how responsibility might be distributed between artificial agents and human interaction partners (including producers of artificial agents) and raises the question of whether attributions of responsibility should remain entirely on the human side. While acknowledging a crucial difference between living human beings and artificial systems culminating in an asymmetric feature of human–machine interactions, this paper investigates the extent to which artificial agents may reasonably be attributed a share of moral responsibility. To elaborate on criteria that can justify a distribution of responsibility in certain human–machine interactions, the role of types of criteria (interaction-related criteria and criteria that can be deferred from socially constructed responsibility relationships) is examined. Thereby, the focus will lay on the evaluation of potential criteria referring to the fact that artificial agents surpass in some aspects the capacities of humans. This is contrasted with socially constructed responsibility relationships that do not take these criteria into account. In summary, situations are examined in which it seems plausible that moral responsibility can be distributed between artificial and human agents.
Impact of a Disaster Drill on Waiting Times in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Asenjo Silvia , López-González Aitor , Muñoz-Santanach David , Trenchs Victoria , Luaces Carles , Parra Cristina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjective:Emergency departments should improve their preparedness for mass casualty incidents (MCIs) through periodic drills. These exercises are conducted while maintaining regular care. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a disaster drill in a pediatric emergency department (PED) on real patients’ waiting times.Methods:On September 10, 2019, a 4-h disaster drill was conducted in the PED of a tertiary pediatric hospital, with minimal staff reinforcement (2 nurses). Cases were real patients that came to the PED during the drill. The patients that visited the PED the day before were the control group. Variables analyzed were: age, sex, destination, triage level, time-to-triage, time-to-physician, length of PED stay, and percentage of patients visited within the optimal time according to triage level.Results:Sixty-eight patients (case group) and 63 patients (control group) were analyzed; both groups were comparable except for the median age. There were no differences in time-to-triage, time-to-physician, and length of PED stay between the 2 groups. The percentage of patients visited within optimal time according to triage level was higher in the case group.Conclusions:Conducting an MCI drill in the PED, with minimal staff reinforcement, was not detrimental to real patients’ waiting times.
Red Alert: It Is Time to Strengthen the Medical Knowledge of Noncompressible Torso Hemorrhage Among Health-Care Workers
Authors: Zhang Hua-yu , Guo Yong , Tang Hao , Huang Xiao-ying , Liu Dong , Han Yu-zhuo , Chen Peng , Li Yang , Zhang Lian-yang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjective:Noncompressible torso hemorrhage (NCTH) is a major challenge in prehospital bleeding control and is associated with high mortality. This study was performed to estimate medical knowledge and the perceived barriers to information acquisition among health-care workers (HCWs) regarding NCTH in China.Methods:A self-administered and validated questionnaire was distributed among 11 WeChat groups consisting of HCWs engaged in trauma, emergency, and disaster rescue.Results:A total of 575 HCWs participated in this study. In the knowledge section, the majority (87.1%) denied that successful hemostasis could be obtained by external compression. Regarding attitudes, the vast majority of HCWs exhibited positive attitudes toward the important role of NCTH in reducing prehospital preventable death (90.4%) and enthusiasm for continuous learning (99.7%). For practice, fewer than half of HCWs (45.7%) had heard of NCTH beforehand, only a minority (14.3%) confirmed they had attended relevant continuing education, and 16.3% HCWs had no access to updated medical information. The most predominant barrier to information acquisition was the lack of continuing training (79.8%).Conclusions:Knowledge and practice deficiencies do exist among HCWs. Obstacles to update medical information warrant further attention. Furthermore, education program redesign is also needed.
Should Ketamine Not Be Banned? A Scoping Review
Authors: Usman Mohammed Adinoyi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives:
Although the importance of ketamine in clinical practice and in resource-poor settings and disaster zones, several attempts were made to reschedule it because of the issues around its misuse. Resisting future moves to reschedule ketamine is important for its continuous availability where needed. This scoping review addresses the question of whether ketamine should or should not be banned and the state of preparedness of low resource settings if ketamine petitions become successful in the future.

Methods:
A search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar to identify articles published in the English language from March 2015 to August 2020. The articles were searched with a wide range of priori search terms related to the research questions. The selection of articles was based on relevance and eligibility.

Results:
Seventy-five articles were selected and grouped into 4 ethical themes. The search revealed that several articles addressed the importance of ketamine, pharmacology, misuse, supply, and consequences of a ketamine ban; however, none addressed how resource-poor countries should prepare for a future without the overreliance of ketamine.

Conclusion:
Four ketamine petitions in about 10 years are an indication that another may resurface soon; therefore, it is important to continue to study the clinical importance of ketamine while discouraging its overreliance for clinical practice.
Geometric vertex decomposition and liaison
Authors: Klein Patricia , Rajchgot Jenna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Geometric vertex decomposition and liaison are two frameworks that have been used to produce similar results about similar families of algebraic varieties. In this paper, we establish an explicit connection between these approaches. In particular, we show that each geometrically vertex decomposable ideal is linked by a sequence of elementary G-biliaisons of height

$1$

to an ideal of indeterminates and, conversely, that every G-biliaison of a certain type gives rise to a geometric vertex decomposition. As a consequence, we can immediately conclude that several well-known families of ideals are glicci, including Schubert determinantal ideals, defining ideals of varieties of complexes and defining ideals of graded lower bound cluster algebras.
FINITE RELATION ALGEBRAS
Authors: KOUSSAS JAMES MATHEW 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe will show that almost all nonassociative relation algebras are symmetric and integral (in the sense that the fraction of both labelled and unlabelled structures that are symmetric and integral tends to
$1$
), and using a Fraïssé limit, we will establish that the classes of all atom structures of nonassociative relation algebras and relation algebras both have
$0$
–
$1$
laws. As a consequence, we obtain improved asymptotic formulas for the numbers of these structures and broaden some known probabilistic results on relation algebras.
Rice varietal selection in Bangladesh: Does it matter who in the farm household makes the decisions?
Authors: Begho Toritseju 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper examines whether rice adoption decision differs between sole decision-making and collaborative decision-making in which household members jointly decide on rice varietal selection. Overall, the results show that the majority of rice farmers currently cultivate older rice varieties. The average varietal age is 22 years. Adopters and non-adopters are significantly different in several observed characteristics; however, most of the differences are small. Specifically, between adopter and non-adopters, there is a statistically significant difference in the average varietal age of rice grown, the number of plots owned, varietal trait preferences, seed sources, contact with agricultural extension agents and risk preference. The results of the double-hurdle regression estimation are unconvincing for a difference between household decision-making structures, indicating that it does not matter who in the farm household makes the decisions on rice varietal selection. To encourage the adoption of improved rice varieties and reduce the average varietal age, the focus should be on improving access to agricultural land and extension contact. Besides, aligning varietal trait with farmers’ preferences and organising farm demonstrations is crucial.
The Materiality of English Suicide Letters, c. 1700 – c. 1850
Authors: Sbaraini Ella 
Published: October 2021

AbstractScholars have explored eighteenth-century suicide letters from a literary perspective, examining issues of performativity and reception. However, it is fruitful to see these letters as material as well as textual objects, which were utterly embedded in people's social lives. Using thirty manuscript letters, in conjunction with other sources, this article explores the contexts in which suicide letters were written and left for others. It looks at how authors used space and other materials to convey meaning, and argues that these letters were epistolary documents usually meant for specific, known persons, rather than the press. Generally written by members of the ‘lower orders’, these letters also provide insight into the emotional writing practices of the poor, and their experiences of emotional distress. Overall, this article proposes that these neglected documents should be used to investigate the emotional and material contexts for eighteenth- and nineteenth-century suicide. It also argues that, at a time when the history of emotions has reached considerable prominence, historians must be more attentive to the experiences of the suicidal.
See No Evil, Speak No Evil? Morality, Evolutionary Psychology, and the Nature of International Relations
Authors: Rathbun Brian C. , Pomeroy Caleb 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA central theme in the study of international relations is that anarchy requires states to set aside moral concerns to attain security, rendering IR an autonomous sphere devoid of ethical considerations. Evolutionary and moral psychology, however, suggest that morality emerged to promote human success under such conditions. It is not despite anarchy but because of anarchy that humans have an ethical sense. Our argument has three empirical implications. First, it is almost impossible to talk about threat and harm without invoking morality. Second, state leaders and the public will use moral judgments as a basis, indeed the most important factor, for assessing international threat, just as research shows they do at the interpersonal level. Third, foreign policy driven by a conception of international relations as an amoral sphere will be quite rare. Word embeddings applied to large political and nonpolitical corpora, a survey experiment in Russia, and an in-depth analysis of Hitler's foreign policy thought suggest that individuals both condemn aggressive behavior by others and screen for threats on the basis of morality. The findings erode notions of IR as an autonomous sphere and upset traditional materialist–ideational dichotomies.
Longitudinal clinical and functional outcome in distinct cognitive subgroups of first-episode psychosis: a cluster analysis
Authors: Oomen Priscilla P. , Begemann Marieke J. H. , Brand Bodyl A. , de Haan Lieuwe , Veling Wim , Koops Sanne , van Os Jim , Smit Filip , Bakker P. Roberto , van Beveren Nico , Boonstra Nynke , Gülöksüz Sinan , Kikkert Martijn , Lokkerbol Joran , Marcelis Machteld , Rosema Bram-Sieben , de Beer Franciska , Gangadin Shiral S. , Geraets Chris N. W. , van ‘t Hag Erna , Haveman Yudith , van der Heijden Inge , Voppel Alban E. , Willemse Elske , van Amelsvoort Therese , Bak Maarten , Batalla Albert , Been Agaath , van den Bosch Marinte , van den Brink Truus , Faber Gunnar , Grootens Koen P. , de Jonge Martin , Knegtering Rikus , Kurkamp Jörg , Mahabir Amrita , Pijnenborg Gerdina H. M. , Staring Tonnie , Veen Natalie , Veerman Selene , Wiersma Sybren , Graveland Ellen , Hoornaar Joelle , Sommer Iris E. C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundCognitive deficits may be characteristic for only a subgroup of first-episode psychosis (FEP) and the link with clinical and functional outcomes is less profound than previously thought. This study aimed to identify cognitive subgroups in a large sample of FEP using a clustering approach with healthy controls as a reference group, subsequently linking cognitive subgroups to clinical and functional outcomes.Methods204 FEP patients were included. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using baseline brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia (BACS). Cognitive subgroups were compared to 40 controls and linked to longitudinal clinical and functional outcomes (PANSS, GAF, self-reported WHODAS 2.0) up to 12-month follow-up.ResultsThree distinct cognitive clusters emerged: relative to controls, we found one cluster with preserved cognition (n = 76), one moderately impaired cluster (n = 74) and one severely impaired cluster (n = 54). Patients with severely impaired cognition had more severe clinical symptoms at baseline, 6- and 12-month follow-up as compared to patients with preserved cognition. General functioning (GAF) in the severely impaired cluster was significantly lower than in those with preserved cognition at baseline and showed trend-level effects at 6- and 12-month follow-up. No significant differences in self-reported functional outcome (WHODAS 2.0) were present.ConclusionsCurrent results demonstrate the existence of three distinct cognitive subgroups, corresponding with clinical outcome at baseline, 6- and 12-month follow-up. Importantly, the cognitively preserved subgroup was larger than the severely impaired group. Early identification of discrete cognitive profiles can offer valuable information about the clinical outcome but may not be relevant in predicting self-reported functional outcomes.
Comprehending socio-relational factors of mental wellbeing in the oldest old within Nordic and Mediterranean countries
Authors: Castelletti Chiara , Martín-María Natalia , Cresswell-Smith Johanna , Forsman Anna K. , Nordmyr Johanna , Ådnanes Marian , Donisi Valeria , Amaddeo Francesco , Miret Marta , Lara Elvira 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSocio-relational aspects are essential for mental wellbeing (MWB), especially in the oldest old age. Our study aims to explore the socio-relational aspects related to MWB in accordance with the experiences of the oldest old of four European countries; and to examine how these differ between Mediterranean and Nordic people. A total of 117 participants aged 80+ years old were recruited, and 23 focus groups were performed. Qualitative content analysis identified five main themes. Family seemed to be the most important driver of the MWB of the oldest old, followed by relationships with close friends. Participants felt better when they had a sense of being needed, cared for, and connected. Loneliness and isolation negatively affected MWB, although solitude was appreciated. Differences appeared between Mediterranean and Nordic regions. Initiatives to promote positive interactions with family and friends, as well as social activities within the community, may contribute to strengthening MWB in the oldest old.
A dynamic adaptive grating algorithm for AIS-based ship trajectory compression
Authors: Ji Yuanyuan , Qi Le , Balling Robert 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAutomatic identification system (AIS)-based ship trajectory data are important for analysing maritime activities. As the data accumulate over time, trajectory compression is needed to alleviate the pressure of data storage, migration and usage. The grating algorithm, as a vector data compression algorithm with high compression performance and low computation complexity, has been considered as a very promising approach for ship trajectory compression. This algorithm needs the threshold to be set for each trajectory which limits the applicability over a large number of different trajectories. To solve this problem, a dynamic adaptive threshold grating compression algorithm is developed. In this algorithm, the threshold for each trajectory is dynamically generated using an effective approaching strategy. The developed algorithm is tested with a complex trajectory dataset from the Qiongzhou Strait, China. In comparison with the traditional grating method, our algorithm has improved advantages in the ease of use, the applicability to different trajectories and compression performance, all of which can better support relevant applications, such as ship trajectory data storage and rapid cartographic display.