bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CD8+ Lymphocyte Infiltration is a Specific Feature of Colitis Induced By Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Takahashi Yoshiyuki , Nagaya Tadanobu , Iwaya Yugo , Okamura Takuma , Hirayama Atsuhiro , Iwaya Mai , Uehara Takeshi , Umemura Takeji 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy, although immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain a severe issue. The clinical characteristics of colitis induced by ICPIs are very similar to inflammatory bowel disease. Recently, CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration into organs has been associated with the onset of irAEs. The present study compared the histological infiltration of CD8+ lymphocytes in irAE colitis with that in other colitis.
Methods

Among 102 newly diagnosed and untreated patients, 12 with irAE colitis, 37 with ulcerative colitis (UC), 22 with Crohn's disease (CD), and 31 with ischemic colitis (IC) were retrospectively enrolled. Biopsy specimens were obtained from endoscopic areas of high inflammation for immunohistochemical analysis of the number of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the most inflamed high-powered microscopic field.
Results

In irAE colitis, CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration was significantly greater than that of CD4+ lymphocytes (p < 0.01). The amount of CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration was significantly higher in irAE colitis than in UC (p < 0.05), CD (p < 0.05), and IC (p < 0.01). The CD8+/CD4+ ratio was also significantly higher in irAE colitis (p < 0.01 vs. UC, CD, and IC, respectively). The optimal cut-off CD8+/CD4+ ratio for diagnosing irAE colitis was 1.17 (sensitivity: 83%, specificity: 84%). The optimal cut-off the number of CD8+ lymphocytes for diagnosing irAE colitis was 102 cells/high-power field (sensitivity: 75%, specificity: 81%).
Conclusions

Greater CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration and a higher CD8+/CD4+ ratio may be simple and useful biomarkers to distinguish irAE colitis from other forms of colitis.
Coherent and Compact Zinc Electrodeposition Enabled by Compressing the Electric Double Layer of the Deposits
Authors: Zhao Ruirui , Wang Haifeng , Du Haoran , Yang Ying , Gao Zhonghui , Qie Long , Huang Yunhui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The porous hexagonal-platelet Zinc (Zn) deposits exacerbate the chemical corrosion and deteriorate the reversibility of the Zn electrodes in aqueous electrolytes. Based on the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory, to turn the messy Zn deposits into agglomerate ones, the challenge is to weaken the electric double layer repulsive force, which is the main reason preventing the dense Zn deposits, between the electrodeposited Zn particles. Here, we proposed a strategy to compress the electric double layer and regulate the forces between the electrodeposited Zn particles by introducing inert charges to the surface of the Zn deposits. The results of the electron microscopies revealed dense and coherent electrodeposition of Zn, indicating that the van der Waals attraction between the deposits becomes governing during electrodeposition. Such results could be attributed to the adsorbed inert charges on Zn deposits decrease the net charges and weaken the electric double layer repulsive force. This design enables the Zn||Zn cells a long-term plating/stripping stability for > 1200 h, a high average Coulombic Efficiency of 99.9% for > 2100 h, and steady charge/discharge responses even under a draconian deep-discharge condition of 80% depth of discharge of Zn (DODZn). In addition, the Zn||VS2 full cells demonstrate significantly improved electrochemical reversibility and capacity retention.
Research on the civil aero-engine modeling method oriented to control law design
Authors: Liu Shuai , Zhang Ming , Wang Wei , Bai Jie , Dai ShiJie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The non-linear aero-thermal model of civil aero-engine established by the component method has the characteristics of complex structure and strong coupling of parameters, which is difficult to directly use in the design of control law. Aiming at the problem that civil aero-engine control law design is difficult, heavy workload, and can only be used for nominal point linearization model, a civil aero-engine modeling method oriented to control law design is proposed.
Simplify the structure according to the aero-engine control function, and use rotor dynamics modeling and combustion reaction dynamics modeling to establish aero-engine control standard model in differential form, which establishes the corresponding relationship of the parameters required for the control of the aero-engine full envelope. With this control standard model, the nonlinear control method can be directly used in the design of the aero-engine control law, which reduces the workload and difficulty of the control law design to certain extent. The control standard model is established by taking DGEN380 aero-engine as an example, whose accuracy is verified through experiments, and an example of the control law design is given. The civil aviation engine modeling method oriented to control law design has achieved the expected goal.
Throughput Fairness in Cognitive Backscatter Networks With Residual Hardware Impairments and a Nonlinear EH Model
Authors: Gao Xiaona , Shi Liqin , Lu Guangyue 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper is to design a throughput fairness-aware resource allocation scheme for a cognitive backscatter network (CBN), where multiple backscatter devices (BDs) take turns to modulate information on the primary signals and backscatter the modulated signals to a cooperative receiver (C-Rx), while harvesting energy to sustain their operations. The nonlinear energy harvesting (EH) circuits at the BDs and the residual hardware impairments (HWIs) at the transceivers are considered to better reflect the properties of the practical energy harvesters and transceivers, respectively. To ensure the throughput fairness among BDs, we formulate an optimization problem to maximize the minimum throughput of BDs by jointly optimizing the transmit power of the primary transmitter, the backscattering time and reflection coefficient for each BD, subject to the primary user&rsquo;s quality of service (QoS) and BDs&rsquo; energy-causality constraints. We introduce the variable slack and decoupling methods to transform the formulated non-convex problem, and propose an iterative algorithm based on block coordinate descent (BCD) technique to solve the transformation problem. We also investigate a special CBN with a single BD and derive the optimal solution in the closed form to maximize the BD&#39;s throughput. Numerical results validate the quick convergence of the proposed iterative algorithm and that the proposed scheme ensures much fairness than the existing schemes.
The Effects of Structured Grinding Wheel Designed Parameters On The Geometries of Ground Structured Surfaces
Authors: Monier Amr , Guo Bing , Zhao Qingliang , Guo Zhenfei , Mahmoud Tamer S. , El-mahallawi Iman 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of the structured wheels’ geometrical parameters on the geometries of structured surfaces machined by grinding operations. First, the geometrical parameters of the structured wheels were determined. The resultant geometrical parameters of structured surfaces were defined and related to the designed operating condition, including the structured wheel and grinding process by mathematical and simulation models. The results showed that each wheel’s geometrical parameter affects the structured surface geometry at different rates. Grinding experiments were then performed to explore experimentally how the geometrical parameters of the structured wheel affect the geometry of structured surfaces and verify the modeling and simulation results and explanations. The results showed a remarkable compatibility between the predicted and machined surfaces and reflected the accuracy of the presented method for machining the structured surfaces by grinding.
Formation mechanism of β’’-Mg5Si6 and its PFZ in an Al-Mg-Si-Mn alloy: experiment and first-principles calculations
Authors: Qian Xiaoming , Li Yong , Wang Zhaodong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Formation mechanism of β’’-Mg5Si6 and its PFZ in an Al-Mg-Si-Mn alloy was studied by the means of experiment and first-principles calculations. Results show that at 270°C during the 100 °C/h heating period, β’’-Mg5Si6 precipitated inside the dendrites, whereas precipitation free zones (PFZs) of β’’-Mg5Si6 presented near the dendrite arm regions. The formation of the β’’-Mg5Si6 and its PFZ were related to the concentration of vacancy. Low-concertation zones of vacancy formed near the eutectics during the solidification due to the constitutional supercooling, no β’’-Mg5Si6 precipitated in the low-concertation zones of vacancy due to the vacancy-dependence of β’’-Mg5Si6, the Si vacancy-containing β’’-Mg5Si6 was extremely unstable and Si vacancies prefer to stay away from distribution.
Monitoring of Casting Quality Using Principal Component Analysis Based Self-Organizing Map
Authors: Bendjama Hocine , BOUHOUCHE Salah , AOUABDI Salim , BAST Jürgen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The monitoring of casting quality is very important to ensure the safe operation of casting processes. In this paper, in order to improve the accurate detection of casting defects, a combined method based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is presented. The proposed method reduces the dimensionality of the original data by the projection of the data onto a smaller subspace through PCA. It uses Hotelling’s T2 and Q statistics as essential features for characterizing the process functionality. The SOM is used to improve the separation between casting defects. It computes the metric distances based similarity, using the T2 and Q (T2Q) statistics as input. A comparative study between conventional SOM, SOM with reduced data and SOM with selected features is examined. The proposed method is used to identify the running conditions of the low pressure lost foam casting process. The monitoring results indicate that the SOM based on T2Q as feature vectors remains important comparatively to conventional SOM and SOM based on reduced data.
How About Glymphatic System Function in Patients With Migraine?
Authors: Lee Dong Ah , Park Bong Soo , Ko Junghae , Kim Il Hwan , Park Jin Han , Park Sihyung , Lee Yoo Jin , Park Kang Min 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: There have been no studies evaluating the glymphatic system function in patients with migraine. In this study, we evaluated the alterations in glymphatic system function in patients with migraine compared to healthy controls using a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) method. We also investigated the differences in glymphatic system function between migraine patients with and without aura using the ALPS method.Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with migraine and healthy controls. All brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including DTI, in participants, patients with migraine, and healthy controls were obtained using the same MRI scanner. We calculated the ALPS index and compared the differences in the ALPS index between patients with migraine and healthy controls, and between migraine patients with and without aura. In addition, we conducted a correlation analysis between glymphatic system function and the clinical characteristics of migraine.Results: We enrolled 92 patients with migraine and 80 healthy controls. There were no significant differences in the ALPS index between patients with migraine and healthy controls (1.655 vs. 1.713, p = 0.233), and between migraine patients with and without aura (1.690 vs. 1.645, p = 0.601). There were no significant correlations between the ALPS index and clinical characteristics of migraine, including age (r = -0.070, p = 0.507), age of onset (r = 0.066, p = 0.552), disease duration (r = -0.115, p = 0.306), attack frequency (r = -0.049, p = 0.668), and headache intensity (r = -0.003, p = 0.976).Conclusions: There was no glymphatic system dysfunction in patients with migraine. In addition, there were no differences in glymphatic system function between migraine patients with and without aura. We also demonstrated the feasibility of the ALPS method, which can be used for further research on various neurological diseases.
Identification of The Critical Genes and miRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wang Jun , Wang Chuyan , Yang Liuqing , Li Kexin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health problem with a complex etiology and pathogenesis. Microarray data is increasingly being used as a novel and effective method for cancer pathogenesis analysis. To unravel the potential prognosis of HCC, an integrative study of mRNA and miRNA for HCC was conducted. Two microarray datasets (GSE89377 and GSE101685) and two miRNAs expression profiles (GSE112264 and GSE113740) were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A total of 177 DEGs and 80 DEMs were screened out. Functional enrichment of DEGs was proceeded by Clue GO, including GO and KEGG pathway analysis. These genes were significantly enriched in chemical carcinogenesis. PPI network was then established on the STRING platform, and ten hub genes (CDC20, TOP2A, ASPM, NCAPG, AURKA, CYP2E1, HMMR, PRC1, TYMS, and CYP4A11) were visualized via Cytoscape software. Then, a miRNA-target network was established to identify the dysregulated miRNA. A key miRNA (hsa-miR-124-3p) was filtered. Finally, the miRNA-target- transcription factor networks were constructed for hsa-miR-124-3p. The network for hsa-miR-124-3p included two transcription factors (TFs) and five targets. These identified DEGs and DEMs, TFs, targets, and regulatory networks may help advance our understanding the underlying pathogenesis of HCC.
Phylogenetic and ecological reevaluation of the order Onygenales
Authors: Kandemir Hazal , Dukik Karolina , Teixeria Marcus de Melo , Stielow J. Benjamin , Delma Fatima Zohra , Al-Hatmi Abdullah M.S. , Ahmed Sarah A. , Ilkit Macit , de Hoog G. Sybren 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The order Onygenales is classified in the class Eurotiomycetes of the subphylum Pezizomycotina. Families in this order have classically been isolated from soil and dung, and two lineages contain causative agents of superficial, cutaneous, and systemic infections in mammals. The ecology and habitat choices of the species are driven mainly by abilities of keratin- and cellulose-degradation. The present study aimed to investigate whether the ecological trends of the members of the Onygenales can be interpreted in an evolutionary sense, linking phylogenetic parameters with habitat preferences, to achieve polyphasic definitions of the main taxonomic groups. Evolutionary processes were estimated by multiple gene genealogies and divergence time analysis. Previously described families namely, Arthrodermataceae, Ajellomycetaceae, Ascosphaeraceae, Eremascaceae, Gymnoascaceae, Onygenaceae and Spiromastigaceae were accepted in the Onygenales, and two new families, Auxarthraceae and Neogymnomycetaceae were introduced. A number of species could not be assigned to any of the defined families. Our study provides a revised overview of the main lines of taxonomy of the Onygenales, supported by multilocus analyses of ITS, LSU, TUB , TEF1 , TEF3 , RPB1 , RPB2, and ribosomal protein 60S L10 (L1) ( RP60S ) sequences, combined with available data on ecology, physiology, morphology, and genomics.
Strengthening Climate-Resilient Development and Transformation in Viet Nam
Authors: Rana Arun , Qinhan Zhu , Detken Annette , Whalley Karina , Castet Christelle 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Climate change is presenting an ongoing and eminent threat to various regions, communities and infrastructure worldwide. In this study, the current and future climate impacts faced by Viet Nam due to Tropical Cyclones (TCs), specifically wind and surge, are evaluated, and different adaptation measures to manage this risk are appraised. The level of wind and storm surge risk was assessed focusing on three categories of assets: residential houses, agriculture, and people. The expected damage to these assets was then evaluated based on their exposure to the hazard under current and future climate scenarios. Physical adaptation measures such as mangroves, sea dykes, and gabions, and financial adaptation measures such as risk transfer via insurance were applied to the expected future risk and evaluated based on a socio-economic cost-benefit analysis. The output will give decision-makers the ability to make more informed decisions, prioritize the most cost-effective adaptation measures and increase physical and financial resilience. The results indicated significant TC exposure in future climate scenarios due to economic development and climate change that almost doubles the current expected damage. Surge-related damage was found to be many times higher than wind damage and houses had more exposure (value in total) than agriculture on a national scale. The physical adaptation measures are successful in significantly reducing the future wind and especially surge risk and would form a resilient strategy along with risk transfer for managing TC risks in the region.
Tempering Influence on Residual Stresses and Mechanical Properties of AISI 4340 Steel
Authors: Souza Marcel , Serrão Luana Ferreira , Pardal Juan Manuel , Tavares Sérgio Souto Maior , Fonseca Maria Cindra 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present work evaluated the tempering temperature influence on microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses of AISI 4340 steel. The residual stresses were measured by X‑ray diffraction (XRD) by the sin²ψ method and compared to magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN). The residual stresses exhibited high tensile values after quenching, but a small relief was observed in tempering treatments at 300°C and 400°C, which also presented a hardness decrease compared to the as‑quenched condition. XRD and MBN analyses indicated that residual stresses became compressive in tempering performed between 500°C and 650°C. Therefore, compressive residual stresses combined with appropriate hardness and toughness values (35 HRC and 33 J) obtained from 500°C tempering temperature can be used to improve the mechanical properties of AISI 4340 steel components. Additionally, a mathematical model was established to estimate the tempered martensite hardness for different tempering temperature conditions. This model showed high accuracy (R2=0.99) for a holding time of 90 minutes.
Designing and managing biodiverse streetscapes: key lessons from the City of Melbourne
Authors: Tan Hui-Anne , Harrison Lee , Nelson Jeff , Lokic Maggie , Rayner John , Threlfall Caragh G. , Baumann Jessica , Marshall Adrian , Callow Mark , Peeler Jessica , Korossy-Horwood Rebecca , Nicholson Chris , Williams Nicholas S. G. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Underutilised public spaces such as streetscapes offer substantial opportunities to integrate habitats that increase biodiversity into existing urban landscapes and create more ecologically connected cities. Cooperation and collaboration from diverse stakeholders are paramount to achieving this because growing conditions for plants in streetscapes are often much harsher than remnant habitats or urban parks and little is known about the horticultural performance of many native understorey species in these novel urban environments. This paper describes how the City of Melbourne collaborated with researchers from the University of Melbourne to develop and test a suite of understorey plant species to increase streetscape biodiversity. To do so, we selected species using criteria from a horticultural planting guide which guided the design and creation of four streetscape plantings within the municipality. Here, we document the process and discuss lessons learnt from this project to assist other cities to design, construct and maintain streetscapes with successful, cost-effective plantings that improve urban biodiversity and aesthetic value. Key to the long-term success of these biodiverse plantings was thorough soil preparation and weed management before planting, and the implementation of a clear, ecologically sensitive management plan. To support this plan, suitably qualified and experienced landscape maintenance staff were essential, particularly those with horticultural knowledge and experience with indigenous and native plant species. Our project highlights the often conflicting needs of local authorities and ecological researchers and the necessary trade-offs needed to meet realistic goals and achieve successful project outcomes for creating more biodiverse urban landscapes.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy as a viable treatment option for locally Advanced Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of salivary gland: A case report
Authors: More Vinayak Kerbaji , Jakhetiya Ashish , Pandey Arun , Patel Tarang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive variant of salivary gland neoplasm. Perineural invasion and resistance to present chemotherapeutic drugs makes treatment more challenging. Surgery remains the treatment of choice in resectable cases with postoperative radiotherapy in selected subset. In upfront technically unresectable cases neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) can be used as an option to achieve R0 resection. Here we present a case of minor salivary gland ACC that was successfully down staged and underwent R0 resection after NACT.
Electronic regulation of Ni single atom by confined Ni nanoparticles for fast and energy-efficient CO2 electroreduction
Authors: Ren Wenhao , Tan Xin , Jia Chen , Krammer Anna , Sun Qian , Qu Jiangtao , Smith Sean , Schüler Andreas , Hu Xile , Zhao Chuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 to CO conversion is approaching the industrial benchmark. Currently, Au electrodes show the best performance, whereas non-precious metal catalysts exhibit inferior activity. Here we show a densely populated Ni single-atom on nanoparticle catalyst (NiSA/NP) via direct solid-sate pyrolysis, where Ni nanoparticles donate electrons to Ni(i)-N-C sites via carbon nanotubes network, achieves a high CO current of 352 mA cm−2 at -0.55 V vs RHE in an alkaline flow cell. When coupled with a NiFe-based oxygen evolution anode into a zero-gap membrane electrolyser, it delivers an industrial-relevant CO current of 310 mA cm−2 at a low cell voltage of -2.3 V, corresponding to an overall energy efficiency of 57%. The superior CO2 electroreduction performance is attributed to the enhanced adsorption of key intermediate COOH* on electron-rich Ni single atom, together with the dense active sites.