bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LEGAL SUPPORT STATUS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SAFETY
Authors: МАСЛОВ М.Ю. , СПОДОБАЕВ Ю.М. 
Published: September 2021

Концептуальный кризис в электромагнитной безопасности телекоммуникационных сетей и систем охватил деятельность ряда хозяйствующих субъектов и ведомств и продолжает активно проникать в социальную сферу. В статье рассматриваются серьезные противоречия хозяйствующих субъектов в области правовых, организационных, методических и научных проблем электромагнитной безопасности, которые и являются источником кризиса. Анализируются правовые механизмы, сложившиеся в международной практике. Российская Федерация - одно из немногих государств, которое полностью берет на себя ответственность за электромагнитную безопасность населения. В настоящее время прямое правовое регулирование в области обеспечения электромагнитной безопасности населения РФ отсутствует. Необходима разработка Концепции и Федерального закона «Об электромагнитной безопасности населения», в котором будут прописаны согласованные тонкости и особенности государственного контроля над источниками электромагнитного излучения.
А conceptual crisis in the electromagnetic security of telecommunication networks and systems has engulfed the activities of several economic entities and departments and continues to actively penetrate the social sphere. The article considers serious contradictions of economic entities in the field of legal, organizational, methodological, and scientific problems of electromagnetic safety, which are the source of the crisis. The article analyzes the legal mechanisms that have developed in international practice. The Russian Federation is one of the few states that fully assume responsibility for the electromagnetic safety of the population. Currently, there is no direct legal regulation in the field of ensuring the electromagnetic safety of the population of the Russian Federation. It is necessary to develop a Concept and a Federal Law "On Electromagnetic Safety of the Population", which will spell out the agreed subtleties and features of state control over sources of electromagnetic radiation.
ULTRA-BIG DATA IN THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS: TECHNOLOGIES AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: ВЫБОРНОВА А.И. , БОРОДИН А.С. , КУЧЕРЯВЫЙ А.Е. 
Published: September 2021

Интерес к новым технологиям и алгоритмам обработки больших объемов данных, возникший в начале века и оформившийся в концепцию больших данных, оказал заметное влияние на область телекоммуникаций. Однако объемы данных, хранимых и обрабатываемых в мире, продолжают быстро расти, в том числе благодаря телекоммуникационной области. В данной статье рассматривается концепция сверхбольших данных применительно к некоторым областям телекоммуникаций.
The interest in new technologies and algorithms for processing large amounts of data, that arose at the beginning of the century and contributed to the concept of big data creation and development, had a noticeable impact on the field of telecommunications. However, the amount of data stored and processed in the world continues to grow rapidly, thanks in part to the novel telecommunication applications. This article discusses the concept of ultra-big data as applied to some areas of telecommunications.
THE METHOD OF ESTIMATION FRACTAL DIMENSION OF THE TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK
Authors: НАХЛИ Ф.Х. , ПАРАМОНОВ А.И. 
Published: September 2021

Анализируется фрактальная размерность (ФР) сети связи и ее использование для исследования и планирования сетей связи. Рассматривается применение метода «выращивания кластера» для оценки ФР и предлагается новый метод определения ФР сети, основанный на оценивании связности сети путем поиска кратчайших путей. Показано, что оценка ФР сети является дополнительной характеристикой, отражающей топологические свойства сети. Дается сравнительный анализ предложенного метода и «выращивания кластера». Полученные результаты позволяют выбрать метод и получить оценки ФР сети в зависимости от ее особенностей.
The paper analyzes the fractal dimension of the network and its use for telecommunication networks research and planning. The analysis of the "cluster growing" method for assessing the fractal dimension is given and a new method for assessing the fractal dimensionof anetwork is proposed, based onassessing the network connectivity by finding the shortest paths. The article shows that the assessment of the fractal dimension of the network is an additional characteristic that reflects the topological properties of the network. Comparative analysis of the proposed method and "cluster growing" is given. The results obtained make it possible to select a method and obtain estimates of the fractal dimension of the network, depending on its features.
A SYSTEM FOR DETECTING AND RECOGNIZING MOVING BIOLOGICAL OBJECTS FOR UNMANNED VEHICLES BASED ON INTELLIGENT EDGE COMPUTING
Authors: АЛЬ-СВЕЙТИ М.А. , МУТХАННА А.С. , БОРОДИН А.С. , КУЧЕРЯВЫЙ А.Е. 
Published: September 2021

Обсуждается возможность применения бортовых платформ с целью поддержки наземных сетей для использования ресурсов автономных транспортных средств как части критичных к задержкам приложений. Бортовые платформы могут повысить безопасность поездок транспортных средств, доставляя на них своевременную информацию об окружающей обстановке даже в отдаленных районах земного шара. Обсуждаются требования и потенциальные решения для поддержки инфраструктуры автономных транспортных средств как части интеллектуальной транспортной системы. Предлагается использовать вдоль дороги энергоэффективные сенсоры, которые могут объединяться друг с другом в Mesh-сети. Кроме того, предлагается новый подход к обнаружению активности биологических объектов на обочине дороги, основанный на технологиях искусственного интеллекта.
The article discusses the possibility of using onboard platforms to support the terrestrial networks for autonomous vehicles resources as a part of delay-critical applications. Onboard platforms can improve the safety of vehicle rides by delivering time-critical information about the environment to the vehicles, even in remote areas of the world. In this paper, we discuss requirements and potential solutions for supporting the autonomous vehicle infrastructure, as a part of an intelligent transportation system. It is proposed to use energy-efficient sensors along the road, which can connect with each other in a Mesh network. In addition, a new approach for the detection of biological objects activity on the roadside, based on artificial intelligence technologies is suggested.
ATTENUATION OF LASER RADIATION IN RAIN
Authors: МИЛЮТИН Е.Р. 
Published: September 2021

Рассматривается ослабление волн видимого и инфракрасного диапазонов в дождях. Показано, что ослабление ; увеличивается при наличии поглощения в капле.
Attenuation of visible and infrared waves in rain is considered. It is shown that the attenuation increases in the presence of absorption in the drop.
Review of "Ethics of Chemistry: From Poison Gas to Climate Engineering" by Joachim Schummer & Tom Børsen, eds. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, 2021
Authors: Gerontas Apostolos K. 
Published: September 2021

BRINGING THE ETHICS OF CHEMISTRY TO THE CLASSROOM AND THE EXISTENCE OF A DOMAIN OF KNOWLEDGE
Whoever has attempted to bring ethical discussions on chemistry to a student audience of chemistry and related fields knows of the problem: in contrast to the relatively robust bioethical literature, the literature of chemical ethics is poor, disconnected, and scattered all around the place even in rare cases that it exists. This is an interesting fact, especially if one considers the extended moral (and moralist) discussions over chemistry and its products, and that a great part of the bioethical challenges of the last forty years or so have been generated not by biology (or medicine) per se, but from their marriage to chemistry and its practices. The lack of ethics of chemistry literature dictates to the lecturer unprecedented levels of creativity and demands extra workload to be effective –and this, in times where ethics courses, in general, have become a necessity. It is this gap that the editors of this book (Schummer and Børsen, Ethics of Chemistry: From Poison Gas to Climate Engineering, World Scientific, 2021) have detected, and they strove to create a collection of case studies to cover it. In the introduction of the volume, the editors state teaching as the first aim of its existence –and add the establishment of the ethics of chemistry as an autonomous discipline in its own right.
Use of Reflective Practices on Teaching-Learning in Distance Education
Authors: Uzma Murad Panhwar  , Muhammad Farshad  , Zohran Jumani  
Published: September 2021

This study is aimed at examining the use of teacher reflective practices in future professional development. The research was conducted to assess the effectiveness of educators' reflective behaviors on prospective teachers. After completing their under-graduation/ graduation degree from the distance teacher education programs, how much they will be professionally developed to use reflective practices effectively. Here, particularly the effectiveness of reflective practices of teacher educators for the professional development of future teachers has been investigated. For this survey, the researcher has used a five-point Likert scale, interview, classroom observation, and one-way Chi-square test. The study concludes with recommendations and implications based on the findings. For this investigation, the population is all the distance teacher educators’ program from all the public universities in Sindh. The researcher selected 595 prospective teachers as a sample purposefully and 32 teacher educators for classroom observation.
Cognitive Flexibility, Procrastination, and Need for Closure Predict Online Self-Directed Learning Among Pakistani Virtual University Students
Authors: Itbar Khan  , Marlene Schommer-Aikins  , Nazia Saeed  
Published: September 2021

This study investigated the relationship between students’ self-directed online learning and their everyday psychological factors often associated with learning in general.Total 140 Virtual University students in Pakistan completed measures of online self-directed learning and psychological factors, including cognitive flexibility, procrastination, and need for closure. Regression analyses indicated that the less students procrastinate in general, the more students embraced cognitive flexibility, and the less they impulsively sought quick solutions, the more likely they reported effective online self-directed learning. In contrast, younger students, had a need for quick answers, procrastinate in general, and who embraced cognitive flexibility, were more likely to report ineffective online self-directed learning.The results suggest that students may be given training on how to avoid procrastination. Students need for closure can be eased by quizzes throughout the semester and students may be taught alternatives for encouraging cognitive flexibility.
The Degree of Relationships and Differences Among Level of ICT Utilization in Instruction and Lectures’ Demographic Factors in Selected Universities of Pakistan
Authors: Shahbaz Ahmad  
Published: September 2021

The ICT (Information & Communications Technology) utilization in instruction among university and college lecturers is gaining prominence in many countries in the world, including Pakistan, for the purpose of globalization and enhancing the quality of instruction and learning. The purpose of the study was to examine the benefits of ICT utilization, the extent of success factors, problems and constraints encountered in ICT utilization in instruction among lecturers in universities of Islamabad. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was used to find out the level and extent of ICT utilization in universities of Islamabad. The sample from the study consisted of 260 lecturers drawn from the 14 universities of Islamabad. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation, and chi square. Results of the study showed that there were significant relationships among the 14 areas of ICT utilization, significant relationships between ICT utilization and lecturers’ characteristics, and significant relationships between ICT utilization and university demography. There were positive correlations between ICT utilization and some demographics such as lecturers’ age, working experience, experience in computer use, frequency of ICT use, computer use at home, ICT training duration, extent of ICT knowledge, awareness of ICT and ICT written / published in university. The findings of this study could be used for improving instruction among lecturers and for designing a training model for instruction among lecturers in the pursuit of enhancing excellence and quality of education in universities. This study was subjected to several limitations that include online assessment, incorporating audio video conferencing tools, giving more sophistication to educational management software.
Contemporary Trends in Quality Assurance in Distance Education
Authors: Shahzada Masoud ul Hassan Bukhari  , Nazir Haider Shah  , Manzoor Hussain Arif  
Published: September 2021

With the emergence of day-by-day increasing distance learning institutions worldwide, the question of quality assurance (QA) in distance education (DE) needs to be addressed at appropriate level. The objective of this paper was to examine various QA practices undertaken by several QA regulatory bodies and existing models in distance and online education being followed globally. The researcher undertook extensive review of related literature pertaining to QA practices worldwide to reach at a common ground that how a DE institution be dealt in relation to its QA needs. The paper highlighted that prevailing QA models in distance and online learning have been developed in response to specific demands of stakeholders to ensure transparency and improved attention towards learning outcomes, that means a single model is not likely to fulfil the needs of all stakeholders. The paper also emphasised that it will neither be appropriate nor admissible to prefer and recommend one system of QA to another since the selection mostly depends on the efficacy and relevance of model to the specific needs, aims and maturity of educational institutions. In addition, the paper provided a comparative review of research on the effectiveness of QA practices in DE. Some recent studies reviewed in this paper highlighted the similar nature of benchmarks or dimensions for an external QA system for distance and online programs with minor variations on account of institutional local needs. However, due to technological developments external QA instruments may need revision to deal current standards and best practices.
COVID-19 Pandemic and University Teachers’ Experiences about Challenges of Online Teaching: A Phenomenography Approach
Authors: Sufiana Khatoon  , Nasreen Akhter  , Nadeem Talib  
Published: September 2021

With the advent of current Corona pandemic /COVID-19, the universities around the world were closed for face -to- face education. In the pandemic crisis, universities had to transform teaching- learning milieus instantly and online teaching went viral at universities. This transition from on campus to online education delivery services affected university teachers in many ways. By applying phenomenography approach, the present paper examines university teachers’ perceptions about the challenges they faced in Pakistani context, university teachers’ re-action towards university decision about the overnight teaching paradigm shift from face-to- face to online teaching, institutional support to teachers for online teaching; students’ caliber for online learning, and to assemble university teachers’ opinion about the pre- requisites of online teaching. The data was collected through written answers to open- ended research questions. Interpretative phenomenography analysis (IPA) framework was used to extract finding from the text data. The major findings emerged that mostly university teachers accepted the transition of teaching paradigm however some were under stressed for the online teaching. The training provided to teachers was not sufficient to meet actual requirements of online teaching. Teachers realized that universities did not have up-graded relevant infrastructure required for online education. Teachers perceived that mostly students did have the caliber to learn online moreover many students who were living in the remote areas did not have resources to get benefit from online classes. There was common consensus among university teachers that before launching online educational programs all pre- requisites of online education may be fulfilled at satisfactory level to achieve the targets.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN DAYA INGAT SISWA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TAKE AND GIVE PADA SUBTEMA PERISTIWA KEBANGSAAN MASA PENJAJAHAN KELAS V SD N DONOTIRTO KASIHAN BANTUL YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Nugraheni Ilma Fahmia , Gularso Dhiniaty Gularso 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan daya ingat siswa di masa pandemi covid-19 melalui penerapan model pembelajaran take and give pada subtema Peristiwa Kebangsaan Masa Penjajahan kelas V SD N Donotirto Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian ini adalah 9 siswa dari total 24 siswa kelas V SD N Donotirto tahun ajaran 2020/2021 yang diizinkan untuk berpartisipasi dalam penelitian berdasarkan surat dari Kepala SD N Donotirto Nomor : 25/SD. DNT/Kshn/X/2020 dikarenakan untuk mengantisipasi penyebaran virus covid-19 dengan meminimalkan kerumunan siswa. Objek dalam penlitian ini adalah daya ingat siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara tak berstruktur dan tes. Teknik analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menghitung persentase dan rata-rata skor.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada kondisi awal daya ingat siswa diperoleh hasil rata-rata persentase 26,7% dengan kriteria kurang dan hasil observasi kegiatan mengajar guru dengan persentase 80% dengan kriteria baik. Setelah dilakukan tindakan pada siklus I, peningkatan daya ingat siswa diperoleh hasil rata-rata persentase 46,65% dengan kriteria cukup dan hasil observasi kegiatan mengajar guru dengan rata-rata persentase 98% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Penelitian ini dihentikan sampai siklus II karena telah mencapai indikator keberhasilan dengan diperoleh hasil rata-rata persentase daya ingat siswa sebanyak 81,1% dengan kriteria sangat baik dan diperoleh hasil observasi kegiatan mengajar guru dengan hasil rata-rata persentase 100% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran take and give dapat meningkatkan daya ingat siswa.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PAPAN BALIK (FLIPCHART) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BACA ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DENGAN HAMBATAN AUTIS DI SEKOLAH INKLUSI
Authors: Lutfia Suchaimatul , Yuwana Setya , Hendratno Hendratno 
Published: September 2021

This study aims to produce flipchart media products to improve the reading ability of children with special needs with autism in inclusive schools. Because education is the right of every child. Therefore, children with special needs with autism have the right to receive learning according to their conditions. This research method uses research and development methods with a 4-D cycle (define, design, develop and disseminate). The subjects of this study were 6 students with special needs with autism at SD Muhammadiyah, Tulangan sub-district Sidoarjo. The sample of 6 students was selected based on categories, 2 students with mild autism and reading difficulties, 2 students with moderate autism and reading difficulties and 2 students with severe reading difficulties. The results of the study are as follows: (1) the material from the flipchart media developed is declared very feasible with a percentage value of 85.5%. (2) the results of the percentage value of media flipchart get a value of 83.75% with a decent category. (3) the test of the effectiveness of the developed flipchart media obtained a percentage value of 83.33%, a significance value of 0.000 > 0.05 so that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test. Through the n-gain test, the score was obtained 0.33 which means the effect of the application is categorized as 'medium'. It can be concluded that the flipchart media developed had a positive effect on the reading ability of students with special needs with autism at SD Muhammadiyah Tulangan Sidoarjo.
Keywords: Reading Ability, Flipchart Media, Autistic Child, Inclusive School
ANALISIS PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR DENGAN SISTEM DARING PADA MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Vilda Ghasya Dyoty Auliya , Johan Gio Mohamad 
Published: September 2021

Abstrak
Keberadaan pandemi Covid-19 yang telah sekian waktu terjadi Indonesia secara langsung sangat berdampak pada kegiatan pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran secara daring, faktor pendukung, kendala yang dihadapi, dan keefektifannya selama Pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di sekolah dasar yang berada di Kecamatan Pontianak Kota dari bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2021. Ini Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk memberikan gambaran pembelajaran online di sekolah dasar Kecamatan Pontianak Kota. Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari wawancara semi terstruktur yang diberikan kepada guru kelas, siswa, dan orang tua siswa. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data menggunakan model interaktif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada kegiatan pembelajaran. Pembelajaran secara daring dilakukan dengan menggunakan media Google Meet dan WhatsApp. Pembelajaran daring dirasakan kurang efektif karena materi tidak tersampaikan seluruhnya kepada siswa. Sebagian besar kegiatan dilakukan hanya dengan memberikan materi secara singkat dan pemberian tugas serta mengumpulkan tugas. Dengan demikian perlu adanya langkah terobosan yang perlu dilakukan guru agar pembelajaran tidak monoton dan bisa bermakna bagi siswa meskipun dalam keadaan pembelajaran daring.

Kata kunci: pembelajaran daring, pandemi, sekolah dasar
Abstract
The existence of the Covid-19 pandemic that has occurred in Indonesia for a long time has a direct impact on learning activities in elementary schools. This study aims to analyze the implementation of online learning activities, supporting factors, obstacles faced, and their effectiveness during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research was carried out in elementary schools located in Pontianak Kota District from July to August 2021. This study used a qualitative descriptive method to provide an overview of online learning in Pontianak City elementary schools. This study uses data from semi-structured interviews given to classroom teachers, students, and parents. Data analysis using data analysis techniques using interactive models. The results of this study show that the Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on learning activities. Online learning is carried out using Google Meet and WhatsApp. Online learning is felt to be less effective because the material is not fully conveyed to students. Most of the activities are carried out only by giving material briefly and assigning assignments and collecting assignments. Thus, there is a need for breakthrough steps that teachers need to take so that learning is not monotonous and can be meaningful for students even in a state of online learning.

Keywords: online learning, pandemic, elementary school