bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-normal blood pressure (prehypertension) is associated with PM2.5 exposure in young adults
Authors: Ye Huaze , Tang Jie , Luo Leiqin , Yang Tianjian , Fan Kedi , Xu Long 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We aimed to examine PM2.5 exposure, blood pressure (SBP and DBP) measurement, hypertension risk factors and to assess the association between PM2.5 exposure and hypertension among young adults. The mean SBP was 117.78 mmHg, with 11.22% high-normal blood pressure (prehypertension) and 2.51% hypertension (≥ 140 mmHg). DBP was 75.48 mmHg with 26.37% prehypertension and 4.53% hypertension (≥ 90 mmHg). The median PM2.5 in the past year was 31.79 µg/m3, with highest in winter (49.33 µg/m3), followed by spring (37.34 µg/m3), autumn (29.64 µg/m3) and summer (24.33 µg/m3). Blood pressure was positively correlated with age, height, weight, BMI, daily smoking, alcohol consumption, mental stress and stay-up in the past 1 year. After adjustment for the covariates, each 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with SBP (Day 1 = 1.07 mmHg, Day 3 = 1.25 mmHg, Day 5 = 1.01 mmHg) and DBP (Day 1 = 1.06 mmHg, Day 3 = 1.28 mmHg, Day 5 = 1.29 mmHg, Day 15 = 0.87 mmHg, Day 30 = 0.56 mmHg). Exposure in winter was associated with 1.17 mmHg increase in SBP. Logistic models showed for every 1 µg/m3 increase of PM2.5, SBP in Day 1 and Day 5 was increased by 6% and 4%, and DPB by 3% and 16%, respectively. SBP was increased by 13% in spring and 7% in winter, and DBP was increased by 12% in winter. Our data suggest a certain prevalence of pre- or hypertension among young population, which is associated with short-term fluctuation and season-specific exposure of PM2.5.
Metagenomics-Based Diagnosis and Monitoring Treatment of Disseminated Talaromyces Marneffei Infection
Authors: Xie Dan , Xu Wu , Li Mingliang , You Jingya , Fan Min , Bi Xiaogang , Zhang Kouxing , Xian Ying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The diagnosis of T. marneffei infection remains challenging due to its non-specific clinical presentations and the inadequate performance of conventional diagnostic methods. Meanwhile, there is no good indicator to monitor when induction treatment should switch to consolidation treatment.Case summary: A 53-year-old male patient presented with a one-week history of high fever on March 21, 2019, 10 years after a liver transplant. A chest CT showed multiple pulmonary nodules. Blood culture revealed T. marneffei. After two weeks of intravenous treatment of voriconazole and caspofungin, the patient was discharged without fever and was given oral voriconazole on April 8. Two days later, the patient had a fever again. The patient was fever-free soon after intravenous voriconazole. However, a high fever occurred three days later. Cultures of blood and sputum were negative. Metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) detected T. marneffei sequences in blood and Enterococcus faecium sequences in sputum. Despite the use of caspofungin and linezolid, the patient maintained a daily fever of 38.5°C. Chest CT revealed that pulmonary nodules were growing in size and number. After administering Amphotericin B, the temperature quickly returned to normal. Liposomal amphotericin B was used due to increased creatinine. When the sequence of T. marneffei turned negative in the blood, the patient was discharged on May 24 and received 14-week oral voriconazole without relapse. Conclusion: mNGS can directly detect the sequence of T. marneffei in the blood. Consequently, mNGS is a powerful technique in precise diagnosis and a good monitoring technique for treating disseminated T. marneffei.
Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago barcoded: fish diversity in the remoteness and DNA barcodes reference library for metabarcoding monitoring
Authors: Cruz Marcelo Merten , Hoffmann Lilian Sander , de Freitas Thales R. O. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Anthropogenic pressures have been depleting the global biodiversity. In order to monitor the changes in ecosystems, molecular techniques can be used to characterize species composition. Among molecular markers capable of identifying species, the COI is the most used, and its sequencing is the standard procedure of how taxonomic information can be surveyed. Despite this, new possibilities of biodiversity profiling have become possible through the assessment of highly fragmented DNA molecules in environmental samples. Now, medium- and short-length markers are used in metabarcoding studies. Here, a survey of marine fish from the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago was barcoded, in which the COI barcode procedure identified 21 species of 11 families of fish. Then, the first extensive COI library of these islands located in isolation was constructed; from these sequences, the most appropriate primer pair for future metabarcoding studies was identified. The new Saint Peter and Saint Paul sequence database has 9,183 sequences from 165 species and 62 families of fish. The overall mean distance among all sequences was 0.4. This distance reveals that the archipelago is a reservoir of biodiversity as this attribute is higher than other islands around the world. Due to this, the protection of the archipelago should be enhanced and well monitored with science-based approaches such as DNA metabarcoding. In this case, the primer pair specifically designed from this library should be considered.
Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Nickel-Copper Ferrite NixCu1-xFe2O4
Authors: Babaei Ferydon , Ghasemi Afroz 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Nickel-copper ferrite nanoparticles NixCu1-x Fe2O4 with values x = 0.3, 0.5,0.7 fabricated by combustion method . X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzes confirmed the formation of the ferrite structure. The average size of crystals was estimated to range from 39 to 44 nm. The particle morphology was detected and interpreted by the FSEM scanning microscope and the porosity characteristic of the ferrite structure based on the combustion method was observed. The FTIR analysis was performed to investigate the bonds in which the tensile vibrational mode of the tetrahedral site in the range of the wavelength of 500-600 cm-1 .The magnetic properties of nanoparticles were investigated using VSM analysis and the effect of increasing of copper ion on MS saturation magnetization and HC coercivity force was investigated. With respect to the saturation magnetization values for the synthesized samples, it was observed that by increasing the Cu content from x = .3 to x = .5 the saturation magnetization decreased and then increasing with increasing Cu content such that at x = .5, we had the lowest saturation magnetism. Reduction of saturation magnetization Copper ions occupy ferric ions in tetrahedral sites and iron ions are transferred to octahedral sites. The results of UV-Vis indicate to complete absorption in the samples. The linearity of the edge of the absorption spectrum relates to a direct energy band gap and the effect of increasing copper ions on ferrite conductivity was investigated.
Stray Dog Feeding and Self-Reported Stray Dog-Related Problems in Thailand.
Authors: Saree Afia , Klinpikul Anda , Kongchu Apissara , Wongaree Arya , Navykarn Bussabong , Songsakul Chaowanet , Kongsuwan Chayapa , Kiewlek Chuttama , Waesalaemae Hillmee , Sarasutjari Isarawadee , Benjama Jehrusdee , Thongprasert Napak , Sukchaiya Nathchanon , Suksai Nititon , Jongthitinon Pakjira , Chorueangsak Pattiya , Kiattisaksophon Pattamaporn , Boonbandan Pawanya , Sanguthai Phansang , Apiwatgaroon Ponnapat , Rattanakhot Pornlapat , Poomivanichakij Prapasiri , Kao-ian Sattawat , Thongchai Supatcha , Ongprakobkul Surathep , Sritula Tanabadee , Saisrikosol Thanatcha , Jong Sikarin , Sunghan Jutapoln , Chamroonkiadtikun Panya , Vichitkunakorn Polathep 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
CRISPR Screening of E3 Ubiquitin Ligases Reveals Ring Finger Protein 185 as a Novel Tumor Suppressor in Glioblastoma Repressed by Promoter Hypermethylation and miR-587
Authors: Lin Kun , Shen Shang-Hang , Lu Feng , Zheng Pengfeng , Wu Shizhong , Liao Jingwei , Jiang Xiaohang , Zeng Guangming , Wei De 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumor. E3 ligases play important functions in glioma pathogenesis. CRISPR system offers a powerful platform for genome manipulation, while the screen of E3 ligases in GBM still remains to be explored. Here, we first constructed an E3 ligase small guide RNA (sgRNAs) library for glioma cells growth screening. After four passages, 299 significantly enriched or lost genes (SELGs) were compared with the initial state. Then the clinical significance of SELGs were validated and analyzed with TCGA glioblastoma and CGGA datasets. As RNF185 showed lost signal, decreased expression and favorable prognostic significance, we chose RNF185 for functional analysis. In vitro overexpressed cellular phenotype showed that RNF185 was a tumor suppressor in two glioma cell lines. Finally, the molecular mechanism of decreased RNF185 expression was investigated and increased miR-587 expression and DNA hypermethylation was evaluated. This study would provide a link between the molecular basis and glioblastoma pathogenesis, and a novel perspective for glioblastoma treatment.
Nature-Based Solutions in Mountain Catchments Reduce Impact of Anthropogenic Climate Change on Hydrological Drought Severity
Authors: Holden Petra , Rebelo Alanna , Wolski Piotr , Odoulami Romaric , Lawal Kamoru A. , Kimutai Joyce , Nkemelang Tiro , New Mark 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Attributing the extent to which Nature-based Solutions (NbS) can offset emerging risk from anthropogenic climate change is a test of effectiveness for climate change adaptation, but has rarely, if ever, been done. Here we show that a widely applied NbS in South Africa – invasive alien tree clearing – can reduce the impact on hydrological drought severity due to human influence on climate, using the Cape Town “Day Zero” drought as an example. Using a multi-model “joint-attribution” framework of coupled climate and landscape states, we find that 12–29% of the hydrological drought severity can be attributed to anthropogenic climate change, compared to 7–15% for reduced rainfall and 1.6-2% for increased reference evapotranspiration. Attributable human influence on meteorological drought was amplified by 5–14% as it propagated through the hydrological system. Clearing invasive alien trees and preventing spread significantly reduced the attributable human influence on hydrological drought severity (2–15% for moderately and 10–27% for fully invaded catchments) but was not sufficient to remove the climate change impact completely. The relative contribution of NbS to drought severity reduction will decrease as climate change progresses. NbS will continue to be important but should be combined with other adaptation options to manage increasing hydro-climatic risk.
TERT Genetic Polymorphism rs2736100 Was Associated With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Aggressive Manifestation
Authors: Nie Xilin , Shang Jinbiao , Wang Wendong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The TERT rs2736100 genetic polymorphism was commonly found in human malignancies, indicated its key role in cancer cell transformation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the functional TERT rs2736100 genetic polymorphism in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients` outcomes.Methods: We had performed a retrospective study of the relationship betweenrs2736100and clinicopathological outcomes of PTC in 500 patients (378 female and 122 male) aged 43.8±11.4 years (rang 15-74 years) with median follow-up of 60 months (range, 1 to 455 months). Results: The TERT rs2736100 genetic polymorphism (TG/GG versus TT) were significantly associated with several high risk clinicopathological features such as tumor spread, extra-thyroidal extension, central/lateral lymph node metastases, stage T III or IV disease. However, in the Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, the rs2736100 mutation was unrelated to the overall disease-free survival with a log-rank p>0.05. In the Cox-regression analyses, the overall survival rate of recurrence/neo-metastasis was related with lager size of tumor, younger age and tumor spread, but unrelated with rs2736100 mutation. Conclusion: The TERT rs2736100 genetic polymorphism positive was more likely to manifest with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics but cannot worse prognosis much in PTC.
A Functional Outcome Prediction Model of Acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Based on Extreme Gradient Boost
Authors: Zhan Sizheng , Huang Boxuan , Xie Wenyong , Xue Feng , Zhang Dianying , Jiang Baoguo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to construct a nonlinear regression model through Extreme Gradient Boost (XGBoost) to predict functional outcome 1 year after surgical decompression for patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods: We prospectively enrolled 249 patients with acute SCI from 5 primary orthopedic centers from June 1, 2016, to June 1, 2020. We identified a total of 6 predictors with three aspects: 1) clinical characteristics, including age, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) at admission, level of injury and baseline ASIA motor score (AMS); 2) MR imaging, mainly including Brain and Spinal Injury Center (BASIC) score; 3) surgical timing, specifically comparing whether surgical decompression was received within 24 hours or not. We assessed the SCIM score at 1 year after the operation as the functional outcome index. XGBoost was used to build a nonlinear regression prediction model through the method of boosting integrated learning.Results: We successfully constructed a nonlinear regression prediction model through XGBoost and verified the credibility. The average absolute value of the difference between the predicted value and the actual value is 3.72 (t=1.29, P=0.203), ranging from 0 to 8.44. AMS and age ranked first and second in predicting the functional outcome.Conclusion: We verified the feasibility of using XGBoost to construct a nonlinear regression prediction model for the functional outcome of patients with acute SCI, and we found that age and AMS play the most important role in predicting the functional outcome.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03103516.
Preparation of Non-polluting Tb-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Nitride Photocatalyst and Study on the Efficacy and Mechanism of Degradation of Antibiotics in Water
Authors: Wang Bing , Cao Qingtong , Li Guomin , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Given that the biological treatment of antibiotic wastewater can easily induce resistant bacteria, the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics is considered a better method for treating antibiotic wastewater. Therefore, the ability to remove Tylosin (TYL) and Tetracycline (TC) in aqueous solution using rare earth element Tb-doped g-C3N4 under simulated natural solar radiation was investigated. A series of rare earth Tb3+ doped mesoporous g-C3N4 were successfully prepared by nitric acid treatment and Tb(NO3)3·5H2O samples showed significantly higher degradation efficiency for TYL and TC than pure g-C3N4. Leaching toxicity experiments were carried out on the catalyst using chard seeds and demonstrated negligible toxicity of the leachate from the catalyst. The structure, elemental state, optical properties, morphology and photogenerated carrier separation of the prepared xTCN catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, UV-Vis DRS, TEM and PL. The results showed that Tb doping enhanced the photocatalytic activity of the g-C3N4 catalyst by narrowing the band gap while improving the light-trapping ability; The separation and transport rate of photogenerated carriers were significantly increased after Tb doping. Finally, a simple, efficient and non-polluting Tb-doped carbon nitride photocatalyst is successfully developed in this paper.
Serum Levels of Vitamin D, Retinol, Zinc and CRP in Relation To Obesity Among Children and Adolescents
Authors: Zou Yan , Zhang Ronghua , Huang Lichun , Zhao Dong , Su Danting , Meng Jia , Fang Yueqiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to examine the possible association between serum micronutrients (vitamin D, retinol, Zinc ), C-reactive protein (CRP) and obesity among children and adolescents. Methods: Weight and height were measured and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, serum retinol, serum Zinc and CRP were measured in 2818 children and adolescents(6-17 years of age), using the data of 10 investigation sites in Zhejiang Province. The difference of micronutrients (vitamin D, retinol, zinc), CRP among different BMI status were explored by ANOVA and chi-square test. The associated factors of micronutrients and CRP of overweight and obesity were explored by multifactor analysis.Results: There were significant differences between male students and female students on BMI, 25(OH)D3, CRP, and there were significant differences between children and adolescents and between students living in urban area and rural area on BMI, 25(OH)D3, retinol, zinc(p < 0.05). There were significant differences on 25(OH)D3 and CRP level, and on retinol level among children and adolescents with different nutritional conditions (p < 0.05). In multifactor analysis, we found that gender(OR=0.626, 95%CI:0.486-0.806), living area (OR=0.666, 95%CI:0.515-0.860), age group(OR=0.894, 95%CI:0.856-0.934), high CRP concentration (OR=1.084,95%CI:1.046-1.122) and appropriate retinol level (OR=1.536, 95%CI:1.185-1.991) were associated with students with obesity. Conclusion: Gender, living area, age group, CRP concentration and vitamin A status were associated with children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. More attention in the intervention of overweight and obesity should be paid to boys living in urban areas, and high serum CRP and retinol level should also be concerned.
Histamine Binding Activity of Surface-Modified Yeast by Histamine Binding Protein (HBP)
Authors: Jang Hyewon , Lee Geun Woo , Kim Yang-Hoon , Min Jiho 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Histamine is an immune mediator that is mainly secreted when an immediate, rapid response is needed in the body, and an excessive secretion of histamine or lack of enzymes that degrade histamine can result in various side effects. Histamine binding protein (HBP) is secreted by a mite species to prevent the host’s histamine-induced immune responses by binding the histamine molecule in the blood. Cloning was performed to express HBP on the yeast surface (MBTL-GWL-1), and immunofluorescence (IF) and western blot was performed to confirm the expression of the recombinant protein. The histamine inhibitory ability of GWL-1 cells was tested according to the cell concentration. The highest inhibitory ability of 1.30×107 CFU/ml of GWL-1 cells was of about 60%. The GWL-1 cell concentration and the degree of histamine inhibition were confirmed to be dose-dependent, and dead cell debris was shown to have a histamine inhibitory effect, although not as much as that of whole cells. Phagocytosis assays were performed to determine whether histamine affected the RAW 264.7 cell’s phagocytosis, and to indirectly confirm the GWL-1 cell’s histamine inhibition. By confirming that, we found that GWL-1 captures histamine. Therefore, it can be expected to become a competitive material in the anti-allergy market.
Identification of Key Modules and Hub Genes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Based on Integrative Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis
Authors: Jiang Jun , Chen Delong , Xie Siyuan , Dong Qichao , Yu Yi , Xu Yi , Zhang Yuxuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heterogeneously inherited cardiac disorder with unclear biological pathogenesis. This study aims to identify the key modules and genes involved in the development of HCM.MethodsUsing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm, we constructed integrative co-expression networks for the two large sample HCM datasets separately. After selecting clinically significant modules with the same clinical trait, functional enrichment analysis was performed to detect their common pathways. Based on the intramodular connectivity (IC), the shared hub genes were generated, validated, and further explored in gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA).ResultsThe orange and pink modules in GSE141910, the green and brown modules in GSE36961 were mostly related to HCM. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that HCM might exhibit enhanced processes including remodeling of extracellular matrix, activation of abnormal protein signaling, aggregation of calcium ion, and organization of cytoskeleton. SMOC2, COL16A1, RASL11B, TUBA3D, IL18R1 were defined as real hub genes due to their top IC values, significantly different expression levels, and excellent diagnostic performance in both datasets. Moreover, GSEA analysis demonstrated that pathways of the five hub genes were mainly involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, ECM-receptor interaction, Hedgehog signaling pathway.ConclusionOur study provides more comprehensive insights into the molecular mechanisms of HCM, identifies five hub genes as candidate biomarkers for HCM, which might be theoretically feasible for targeted therapy against HCM.
Photoinduced isomerization sampling of retinal in bacteriorhodopsin
Authors: Ren Zhong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Photoisomerization of retinoids inside a confined protein pocket represents a critical chemical event in many important biological processes from animal vision, non-visual light effects, to bacterial light sensing and harvesting. Light driven proton pumping in bacteriorhodopsin entails exquisite electronic and conformational reconfigurations during its photocycle. However, it has been a major challenge to delineate transient molecular events preceding and following the photoisomerization of the retinal from noisy electron density maps when varying populations of intermediates coexist and evolve as a function of time. Here I report several distinct early photoproducts deconvoluted from the recently observed mixtures in time-resolved serial crystallography. This deconvolution substantially improves the quality of the electron density maps hence demonstrates that the all-trans retinal undergoes extensive isomerization sampling before it proceeds to the productive 13-cis configuration. Upon light absorption, the chromophore attempts to perform trans-to-cis isomerization at every double bond coupled with the stalled anti-to-syn rotations at multiple single bonds along its polyene chain. Such isomerization sampling pushes all seven transmembrane helices to bend outward, resulting in a transient expansion of the retinal binding pocket, and later, a contraction due to recoiling. These ultrafast responses observed at the atomic resolution support that the productive photoreaction in bacteriorhodopsin is initiated by light-induced charge separation in the prosthetic chromophore yet governed by stereoselectivity of its protein pocket. The method of a numerical resolution of concurrent events from mixed observations is also generally applicable.