bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Feasibility of a Novel Dose Painting Procedure to Treat Prostate Cancer Based on mpMR Images and Hierarchical Clustering
Authors: Rezaeijo Seyed Masoud , Hashemi Bijan , Mofid Bahram , Bakhshandeh Mohsen , Mahdavi Arash , Hashemi Mohammad Saber 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWe aimed to assess the feasibility of a novel dose painting (DP) procedure for treating prostate cancer with dominant intraprostatic lesions (DILs) based on mpMR images and hierarchical clustering with a machine learning technique. MethodsThe mpMR images of 120 patients were used to create hierarchical clustering and draw a dendrogram. Three clusters were selected for performing agglomerative clustering. Then, the DIL acquired from the mpMR images of 20 patients were categorized into three groups to have them treated with a novel DP procedure being composed of three planning target volumes (PTVs) determined as PTV1, PTV2, and PTV3 in treatment plans. The DP procedure was carried out on the patients wherein a total dose of 80, 85, and 91 Gy were delivered to the PTV1, PTV2, and PTV3, respectively. Dosimetric and radiobiologic parameters (TCP & NTCP) of the DP procedure were compared with those of the conventional IMRT and 3DCRT procedures carried out on another group of 20 patients. A post-treatment follow-up was also made four months after the radiotherapy procedures.ResultsAll the dosimetric variables and the NTCPs of the organs at risks revealed no significant difference between the DP and IMRT procedures. Regarding the TCP of three investigated PTVs, significant differences were observed between the DP vs. IMRT and also DP vs. 3DCRT procedures. At post-treatment follow-up, the DIL volumes and ADC values in the DP group differed significantly (p-value<0.001) from those of the IMRT. However, the whole prostate ADC and PSA indicated no significant difference (p-value>0.05) between the DP vs. IMRT. ConclusionsThe results of this comprehensive clinical trial illustrated the feasibility of our novel DP procedure for treating prostate cancer based on mpMR images validated with acquired patients’ dosimetric and radiobiologic assessment and their follow-ups. This study confirms significant potential of the proposed DP procedure as a promising treatment planning to achieve effective dose escalation and treatment for prostate cancer.Trial registrationIRCT20181006041257N1; Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, Registered: 23 Oct. 2019, https://en.irct.ir/trial/34305
Novel Predictors For New Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Typical Atrial Flutter Ablation: An Invasive Prospective Study
Authors: Vallès Ermengol , Martí-Almor Julio , Grau Nuria , Casteigt Benjamin , Benito Begoña , Cabrera Sandra , Alcalde Oscar , Benito Eva , Bas Deva , Conejos Javi , Cabero Paula , Soler Cristina , Duran Xavier , Fan Roger , Jimenez Jesus 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Patients undergoing cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation for typical flutter (AFL) have a high incidence of new onset atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to analyze the incidence and predictors for new onset AF in this subset of patients to stratify thromboembolic risk. Methods: Between 2016 and 2019, 70 patients without history of AF but with high-risk for developing AF, based on a recent AFL ablation or a high PACE score for AF risk, were prospectively included. All patients were monitored continuously by implantable loop recorder and followed by remote monitoring.Results: Overall 48 patients were included after CTI ablation and 22 patients were included based on a high PACE score. New onset AF rate at 12 months was significantly higher in the AFL group compared to PACE group (56.3% vs 22.7%, p=0.011). History of AFL was the only independent predictor for new onset AF (HR:3.82; 95% CI:1.46-10.03; p=0.006) at a median follow-up of 12 months (Q1-Q3:4-19 months). In the AFL group, two very strong independent predictors for new onset AF were a PACE score ³30 (HR:6.9; 95% CI:1.71-27.91; p=0.007) and HV interval ³55 (HR:11.86; 95% CI:2.57-54.8; p=0.002).Conclusions: AFL is the most important predictor for new onset AF. In patients undergoing AFL ablation, a high PACE score and/or long HV interval predict even higher risk, and may be useful in decision for empiric long-term anticoagulation.
Cold application for pain and anxiety reduction following chest tube removal : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Chia-Te , Tung Heng-Hsin , Chen Yen-Chin , Wang Jiun-Ling , Tsai Sheng-Han , Huang Yen-Ta , Hsu Teh-Fu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and Objective: Data on the effects of cold application on reducing pain and anxiety after chest tube removal (CTR) are inconsistent. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of cold application on pain and anxiety reduction after CTR.Methods: We searched six databases, including Embase, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, the Index to Taiwan Periodical Literature System, and Airiti Library, to identify relevant articles up to the end of February 2021. We limited the language to English and Chinese and the design to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). All studies were reviewed by two independent investigators. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool was used to assess the risk of bias, and Review Manager 5.4 was used to conduct the meta-analysis.Results: Ten RCTs with 623 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The use of cold application could effectively reduce immediate pain and had persistent effects on pain after CTR. There were significant effects of cold application on reducing anxiety. The meta-regression showed that a drop in skin temperature to the 13°C target of cold application was significantly more effective for the immediate reduction in pain intensity compared with receiving up to 20 minutes target of cold application.Conclusion: Cold application is a safe and easy-to-administer nonpharmacological method with immediate and persistent effects on pain and anxiety relief after CTR. In particular, skin temperature drops to the 13°C target of cold application were effective for immediate reduction of pain intensity following CTR.
Genetic Architecture of Protein Expression and its Regulation in the Mouse Brain
Authors: Erickson Alyssa , Zhou Suiping , Luo Jie , Li Ling , Huang He , Xu Hai-Ming , Peng Junmin , Lu Lu , Wang Xusheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Natural variation in protein expression is common in all organisms and contributes to phenotypic differences among individuals. While variation in gene expression at the transcript level has been extensively investigated, the genetic mechanisms underlying variation in protein expression have lagged considerably behind. Here we investigate genetic architecture of protein expression by profiling a deep mouse brain proteome of two inbred strains, C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2), and their reciprocal F1 hybrids using two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/LC-MS/MS) technology.
Results
By comparing protein expression levels in the four mouse strains, we observed 329 statistically significant differentially expressed proteins between the two parental strains and identified four common inheritance patterns, including 1,133 dominant, 980 additive, 63 over- and 62 under-dominant expression. We further applied the proteogenomic approach to detect variant peptides and define protein allele-specific expression (pASE), identifying 33 variant peptides with cis‐effects and 17 variant peptides showing trans‐effects. Comparison of regulation at transcript and protein levels show a significant divergence.
Conclusions
The results provide a comprehensive analysis of genetic architecture of protein expression and the contribution of cis- and trans‐acting regulatory differences to protein expression.
Prevalence of Angle Closure Glaucoma in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease
Authors: Alvarez-Guzman Carlos , Valdez-Garcia Jorge E. , Ruiz-Lozano Raul E. , Rodriguez-Garcia Alejandro , Navas-Villar Carlos F. , Hartleben-Matkin Curt , Pedroza-Seres Miguel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aims to determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and mechanisms of secondary glaucoma in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. We performed a retrospective, observational, and longitudinal study in VKH patients seen from 2001 to 2019. Demographic data, disease stage, glaucoma development, visual outcome, and management were analyzed. Results: A total of 305 eyes from 155 VKH patients, including 114 (74.4%) females and 39 (25.6%) males with a mean age of 38.8± 12.8 years, were analyzed. The median follow-up time was 22 months (range 7-60 months). Secondary glaucoma developed in 67 (22.0%) eyes, most of which had chronic recurrent VKH disease at presentation 43 eyes (62.4 %). Angle-closure was the most observed mechanism of glaucoma in 55 (82.1%) eyes, as shown by the development of peripheral anterior synechiae in 58 (86.6%) eyes and posterior synechiae in 51 eyes (76.1%). The combination of pupillary block and posterior synechiae resulted in iris bombé in 17 (25.4%) eyes with glaucoma. Forty-one (61.2%) eyes with glaucoma required either a laser or surgical procedure to control the intraocular pressure. At the last visit, visual acuity was significantly worse in eyes with glaucoma (p<0.001).Conclusions: As evidenced by the development of anterior and posterior synechiae, the angle-closure disease is a significant cause of secondary glaucoma in eyes with VKH. Eyes with glaucoma are more likely to present in the chronic recurrent stage of the disease. Most of the eyes with glaucoma required a surgical procedure to control intraocular pressure.
The use of Real-Time PCR Assay for Screening Chickpea Genotypes Resistant to Ascochyta Rabiei
Authors: Özer Göksel , Palacıoğlu Gülsüm , Aydoğan Abdulkadir , Bayraktar Harun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ascochyta blight, caused by Ascochyta rabiei is a devastating disease of chickpea worldwide. Breeding for host resistance is an efficient means to reduce the damage by this pathogen. This study evaluated the utility of Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for screening chickpea genotypes for resistant to blight disease. Eight days after inoculation, the resistance level of 84 chickpea genotypes was quantified by Real-time PCR technique using a standard curve constructed by amplifying different known amounts of target DNA and compared with disease scores based on visual assessment. A significant variation was statistically found among chickpea genotypes with respect to disease reactions. The quantity of target DNA in infected samples varied from 0.004–83.37 ng. The results demonstrated a strong relationship between visual scoring of disease severity and quantification of the target DNA in chickpea genotypes. Tüb-35, Tüb-47, Tüb-26, Tüb-82, Tüb-65 and Tüb-69 genotypes were found highly resistant to Ascochyta blight based on the results of both assays utilized for screening chickpea genotypes for resistance. The real-time PCR assay could be used for quantifying disease progression in plant tissues and screening chickpea genotypes as a potential alternative to visual scoring in plant resistance breeding programs.
Classication of Electrocardiogram Signals With Waveform Morphological Analysis and Support Vector Machines
Authors: Li Hongqiang , An Zhixuan , Zuo Shasha , Zhu Wei , Cao Lu , Mu Yuxin , Song Wenchao , Mao Quanhua , Zhang Zhen , Li Enbang , García Juan Daniel Prades 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) indicates the occurrence of various cardiac diseases, and the accurate classification of ECG signals is important for the automatic diagnosis of arrhythmia. Methods: This paper presents a novel classification method based on multifeatures by combining waveform morphology and frequency-domain statistical analysis, which offer a better classification accuracy and minimise the time spent for classifying signals. A wavelet packet is used to decompose a de-noised ECG signal, and the singular value, maximum value and standard deviation of the decomposed wavelet packet coefficients are calculated to obtain the frequency domain feature space. The slope threshold method is applied to detect R peak and calculate RR intervals, and the first two RR intervals are extracted as time-domain features. The fusion feature space is composed of time-domain and frequency-domain features. Results: A combination of support vector machine (SVM) with the help of grid search and waveform morphological analysis is applied to complete nine types of ECG signal classification. Computer simulations show that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm on multiple types of arrhythmia databases can reach 96.67%.Conclusions: The proposed approach classified the arrhythmias of ECG signals with promising results. The experimental results reveal that classification accuracy can reach 96.67% when the penalty factor C is 9.1896, and the kernel function parameter g is 0.10882.
A Window into the Breeding Ecology and Molt of the Eastern Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis jamaicensis)
Authors: Hand Christine E. , Gabel Wray , DiPetto Gabriella R. , Bonafilia Rachel E. , Znidersic Elizabeth 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Knowledge of the ecology and behavior of the Eastern Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis jamaicensis) has remained nearly as elusive as the rail itself. Camera trapping methods facilitated the first study of breeding phenology and chick development (n = 33 broods), flightless molt phenology and duration (n = 10 adults in molt), and courtship and brood rearing behaviors. In addition, behavioral observations combined with phenology data provided evidence of pairs raising two or more broods during a breeding season. Conservation and management efforts for the Eastern Black Rail should take into consideration periods of vulnerability such as incubation, brood rearing and flightless molt, which coincide with increasingly severe and frequent coastal flooding events and hurricanes. To effectively develop conservation strategies to ensure the persistence of the Eastern Black Rail, it is necessary to understand factors key to the fecundity and survival of the subspecies.
A network pharmacology approach to explore and validate the potential targets underlying the effect of Ginsenoside on Osteoporosis
Authors: Zhen Qingliu , Guo Ling , Zhen Xiaoyue , Cui Zhaoyang , Jiang Chao , Zhang Qiang , Gao Kun , Luan Deheng , Zhou Xuanchen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective

This study aim to investigate the potential targets involving the effect of ginsenoside on osteoporosis using a network pharmacology approach.
Methods

Ginsenoside and its drug targets associated to osteoporosis (OP) were identified by using network analysis. First, the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), DrugBank database, Pharmmapper database and Cytoscape software were used to mine information relevant to Ginsenoside ingredients and Ginsenoside -related targets. Second, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of ginsenoside-target gene and ginsenoside-OP target gene were performed in String, Phenopedia, DisGeNET database and Metascape software. Eventually, the protein to protein interaction (PPI) of key ginsenoside-OP targets were created by String database and Cytoscape software. The validation of the binding of ginsenoside to target proteins was plotted by utilizing SwissDock tool, UCSF Chimera and Pymol software.
Results

A total of 8 important active ingredients of ginsenosides were obtained in the TCMSP. Eighty potential targets of ginsenoside and 1304 related targets involved in OP were subjected to network analysis, and the 17 intersection targets were indicated to be linked to ginsenoside treating OP. GO and KEGG analysis showed the top 10 items of biological processes, cellular components, molecular functions and signaling pathways in the 80 targets of ginsenoside. Then, 14 key targets were determined to be the most crucial genes by protein to protein interaction (PPI) analysis. In the 14 intersection potential targets, 10 signaling pathways were defined by Metascape software. Validation plots of four target proteins IL1B, TNF, IFNG, NFKBIA binding to ginsenoside rh2 was drew, lastly.
Conclusion

This study investigated the potential targets and signaling pathways of ginsenoside during the treatment of OP, which might be beneficial to elucidate the mechanism concerned to the action of ginsenoside and might supply a better understanding of its anti-OP effects.
A comparative study of a class of direct estimators for domain mean with a direct ratio estimator for domain mean using auxiliary character
Authors: Khare Brij Behari , Ashutosh  , Rai Piyush Kant 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEstimation techniques for a domain parameter play a very significant role in the theory of sample surveys. In the recent years many advanced methodologies have been developed for domain estimation. In particular, direct and synthetic estimators are applied for the estimation of domain mean in the government and private sectors under certain assumptions as to the size of the samples relating to particular domains. The findings demonstrate that the direct estimator fails to perform more efficiently as compared to the synthetic estimator when reliable units are not directly accessible in the studied domains. Moreover, due to the fact that small units belong to the sample of the studied domain, the direct estimator produces an unacceptably large standard error. In contrast, if a sufficient number of units are available in the studied domain, the direct estimator produces effective results. This paper presents the theoretical aspects of the proposed class of direct estimators for domain mean with the use of a single auxiliary character, compared with an existing direct ratio estimator for domain mean (given in section 3.2). In addition, an empirical study has been provided to support the validity of the proposed estimators. The findings prove that the proposed estimators outperform the direct ratio estimator for domain mean using a single auxiliary character in the case of two studied populations and their analysed domains considered from Sarndal et al. (1992).
Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Doxycycline and Rifampicin Combination
Loaded in Nanoparticles against Intracellular Brucella abortus
Authors: Dawre Shilpa , Devarajan Padma V. , Samad Abdul 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that is prevalent in livestock animals.
The bacteria reside inside the macrophage cells of the host. The WHO has endorseda combination
treatment therapy for brucellosis against the conventional monotherapy to avoid relapse and resistance.
Therefore, we developed nanoparticles incorporating doxycycline and rifampicin in combination.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to develop polymeric nanoparticles incorporating doxycycline as well
as rifampicin and investigate the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles in U937 human macrophage
cells infected with B. abortus.

Methods:
Polymeric nanoparticles were developed by the emulsion-solvent diffusion method, and
characterization was performed.

Results:
The nanoparticles with high entrapment efficiency of both the drugs were developed successfully.
Scanning electron microscopy revealed a spherical morphology with a size ranging
~450nm, which can be easily engulfed by the macrophages. Zeta potential confirmed the colloidal
stability. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction suggested amorphization of doxycycline
and rifampicin in nanoparticles. Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy could not confirm
the interaction of drugs with AOT. In vitro haemolysis study confirmed the safety of nanoparticles
(<10%) for IV administration. Further, nanoparticles revealed the sustained release of both drugs,
which followed diffusion kinetics. Nanoparticles were found stable for 6 months as per WHO
guidelines. The internalization study revealed nanoparticles could be easily uptaken by U-937 human
macrophage cells. The efficacy study demonstrated significantly high antibacterial activity of
nanoparticles as compared to free drug solution in U937 human macrophages cells infected with
Brucella abortus.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that the developed nanoparticles entrapping doxycycline and rifampicin
combination can be considered as a promising delivery system for enhancing the antibacterial
activity against Brucella abortus.
Multimedia pembelajaran anti korupsi untuk menanamkan nilai kejujuran dan kesederhanaan pada siswa sekolah dasar di Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahmadonna Sisca 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengembangkan multimedia interaktif pendidikan anti korupsi untuk menanamkan nilai kejujuran dan kesederhanaan pada siswa sekolah dasar di Yogyakarta. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam keseluruhan penelitianini adalah Research and Developmet (R D). Subjek penelitian adalah para siswa sekolah dasar di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan angket, observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi, yang didukung focus group discussion (FGD) serta bukucatatan lapangan/logbook sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dankualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru membutuhkan alternative pembelajaran yang dapat menanamkan nilai-nilai integritas pada siswa dan multimedia pembelajaran anti korupsi yang dikembangkan melalui dua tahap pengembangan (Pengembangan media dan pengembangan materi) dan telah divalidasi ini dapat dijadikan alternatif pembelajaran untuk menanamkan nilai integritas, khususnya kejujuran dan kesederhanaan.
Teaching Indonesian as a foreign language through Small Private Online Course (SPOC): investigating learners' multidimensional anxiety in online learning
Authors: Darmawansah Darmawansah 
Published: June 2021

One of the foreign language learners challenges is the anxious level they mostly face while learning a new language. Even though Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA) has been analyzed for decades to foresee language learners' challenges in the learning process, the previous results only focus on single language skills and the offline learning environment. In consideration, learning a foreign language is supposed to be a multidimensional analysis and forced to be online due to the current pandemic. Thus, this study investigates how Taiwanese learners face FLA when learning Indonesian as A Foreign Language (IFL) through Small Private Online Course (SPOC). Participants were assessed by Multimedimensional Language Anxiety Scale (MLAS) at the end of their six-months course. The results showed that writing was the highest anxiety while reading was the lowest anxiety. The psychology domain that showed the learners tension during learning IFL through SPOC revealed the most highly anxious. Surprisingly, nearly two-thirds of learners were considered overall moderate-level anxiety by using SPOC as a learning platform. In further investigation, male learners dominated each foreign language skills and domains' anxiety level compared to female learners. The correlations among language skills and domains are presented and critically discussed. Finally, it opens more opportunities to explore SPOC and another online learning platform to reduce learners' FLAs