bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active drug loading and release behaviors of fourfold channel flopped‐ferritin variants
Authors: Oh Hyeok Jin , Jung Yongwon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHuman ferritin has been heavily investigated as a protein‐based drug deliver agent, due to its unique hollow cage structure for drug loading and an intrinsic tumor targeting function. However, facile strategies for high‐level drug loading and controlled release have not been established, which hampered the use of ferritin as an in vivo delivery platform. We examined active drug uptake and release patterns of various flopped ferritin variants, which use fourfold channels as a route for drug uptake. A flopped channel pore structure was adjusted by diverse mutations around the helix‐connecting loop of the channel. Active loading and release of anti‐cancer drug doxorubicin for these ferritin variants were quantitatively monitored. Drug‐loading ability and spontaneous release degree were both enhanced by channel flopping and a pore size increase. The results could lay a stepping stone for further understanding of drug loading via fourfold ferritin channels.
In Vitro Effects of Cyanidin‐3‐O‐Glucoside on Inflammatory and Insulin‐Sensitizing Genes in Human Adipocytes Exposed to Palmitic Acid
Authors: Molonia Maria Sofia , Quesada‐Lopez Tania , Speciale Antonio , Muscarà Claudia , Saija Antonella , Villarroya Francesc , Cimino Francesco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, we investigated the in vitro potential beneficial effects of the anthocyanin cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside (C3G) on inflammation and insulin resistance markers induced by palmitic acid (PA) in human SGBS adipocytes. Results demonstrated that PA reduced insulin sensitivity in SGBS cells with a significant inhibition of Akt phosphorylation, with a higher sensitivity to PA than murine 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, GLUT‐1 and GLUT‐4 glucose transporters and the enzyme hexokinase‐II. C3G pretreatment (1–20 μM) reverted these effects. Moreover, we demonstrated, for the first time in human adipocytes, that cells exposure to PA induced gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐8, and MCP‐1. Cells pretreatment with C3G resulted in a reduction in mRNA levels starting at very low concentrations (1 μM). In conclusion, this study highlights the effects of PA on inflammation and insulin resistance markers in human adipocytes, and confirm the role of C3G in the prevention of lipotoxicity in dysfunctional adipocytes.
Unusual presentation of a clinically isolated temporal region mass: Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Mella Mariam , Khoury Jihad , Fata Fouad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNon‐hodgkins lymphoma is a systemic disease that may present in multiple sites, rarely does it present primarily as a temporal fossa swelling. Only four cases have been reported in the English literature. We report a case of a patient who presented with a rapidly progressive swelling of the temporal fossa.
Peri‐implant soft tissue contour after stepwise replacement of missing and ankylotic central maxillary incisors in young adult: A clinical case report
Authors: Gašperšič Rok , Cmok Kučič Alja , Volk Gašperšič Karmen , Kosem Rok 
Published: October 2021

AbstractReplantation and retention of ankylosed tooth after pubertal growth spurt enables stepwise replacement of both central incisors with implants. Partial extraction contributes to natural gingival contour.
Do you mind if I record?: Perceptions and practice regarding patient requests to record clinic visits in oncology
Authors: Jimenez Rachel B. , Johnson Andrew E. , Horick Nora K. , Hlubocky Fay J. , Lei Yvonne , Matsen Cindy B. , Mayer Erica L. , Collyar Deborah E. , LeBlanc Thomas W. , Donelan Karen , Mello Michelle M. , Peppercorn Jeffrey M. 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundAudio recordings of oncology clinic discussions can help patients retain and understand information about their disease and treatment decisions. Access to this tool relies on acceptance of recordings by oncologists. This is the first study to evaluate experience and attitudes of oncologists toward patients recording clinic visits.MethodsMedical, radiation, and surgical oncologists from 5 US cancer centers and community affiliates were surveyed to evaluate clinicians' experience, beliefs, and practices regarding patient‐initiated recordings.ResultsAmong 360 oncologists (69% response rate), virtually all (93%) have experienced patients seeking to record visits. Although 75% are comfortable with recording, 25% are uncomfortable and 56% report concerns ranging from less thorough discussions to legal liability. Most (85%) always agree when patients ask to record, but 15% never or selectively allow recording. Although 51% believe recording is positive for the patient‐physician relationship, a sizable minority report that it can lead to less detailed conversations (28%) or avoidance of difficult topics, including prognosis (33%). Views did not vary based on subspecialty, practice setting, or geographic region, but older age and years in practice were associated with more positive views of recording. The majority of clinicians (72%) desire institutional policies to govern guidelines about recordings.ConclusionsMost oncologists are comfortable with patient requests to record visits, but a sizable minority remain uncomfortable, and access to recording varies solely on physician preference. This difference in care delivery may benefit from institutional policies that promote access while addressing legitimate physician concerns over privacy and appropriate use of recordings.
Simultaneous Detection of Sulfite and Nitrite on Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons‐gold Nanoparticles Composite Modified Electrode
Authors: Zhai Tingting , Li Rui , Zhang Ningning , Zhao Lixin , He Mengting , Tan Liang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGraphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs) have abundant oxygen‐containing functional groups and exhibit the improved dispersibility and biocompatibility. Unzipping of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was used for the fabrication of GONRs in this work. A glassy carbon electrode modified with GONRs and gold nanoparticles, GCE/GONRs−AuNPs, was prepared via a two‐step approach and it exerted a high catalytic activity for the electrochemical oxidation of SO32− and NO2−. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the sensitive electrochemical detection of SO32− and NO2− was realized. The developed sensor exhibited a good selectivity, excellent reproducibility, satisfactory stability and high accuracy.
Testing the performance of ice thickness models to estimate the formation of potential future glacial lakes in Austria
Authors: Otto Jan‐Christoph , Helfricht Kay , Prasicek Günther , Binder Daniel , Keuschnig Markus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe emergence of glacial lakes is a significant consequence of global climate change in high mountain regions. Recent developments in ice thickness modelling combined with high‐resolution glacier surface data led to the generation of modelling approaches to simulate the ice‐free bedrock topography below current glaciers and to detect potential glacier bed overdeepenings (GBO) that may form into future lakes. We simulated the subglacial topography in the Austrian Alps using two different ice thickness models. Glaciers in the study area differ significantly from glaciers investigated in previous studies on potential future lakes because of their in general small size and location often restricted to cirques. The aim of this study is to estimate the number and location of potential future lakes in Austria. We tested the performance of ice thickness models for modelling of potential future lakes in an environment dominated by mountain glaciers that are under high stress of climate change. Modelling results are compared with lakes that evolved since the modelling periods and with data on subglacial topography derived from geophysical surveys. Results show significant differences in model performance concerning the total ice volume and the number of simulated GBOs. The number and total area of the modelled GBOs is overestimated, compared with the number of lakes that have evolved in the past. Most GBOs are simulated for valley type glaciers, even though most glaciers are mountain types. This does not match with the location of existing glacial lakes that are dominantly found in cirques. We ascertain that this modelling approach performs better on large valley type glaciers and less well on mountain glaciers. Intersecting the modelling runs indicates that up to 42 new lakes may form within 23 glaciers in Austria covering a total area of 2 km2.
Three‐dimensional tilted hydromagnetic natural double‐diffusive convection in a rectangular cuboid filled with nanofluids based on magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Al‐Balushi Latifa M. , Uddin Md. J. , Rahman Mohammad M. , Oztop Hakan F. , Pop Ioan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, we use magnetic nanoparticles to explore the three‐dimensional natural upward force flow within a quadrangular cuboid under the influence of a sloping magnetic flux. We consider three forms of thermic conditions on the bottom surface of the cavity, such as uniform surface temperature, constant heat flux, and temperature varied parabolically in space. The Galerkin‐type finite element method is used to solve the unitless leading equations of implicit physical systems. Ferrite‐water nanofluid is the default, used to study the flow field, thermal field, and concentration field other than the regular Nusselt number. We examined the influence of many model parameters, especially the thermal Rayleigh number, volumetric nanoparticles fraction, the Hartmann number, nanoparticles formation, and the predisposition of magnetic flux. The influence of the position of the thermal flux on the lower surface of the thermal field cavity is also studied. The heat transfer rate of various magnetic nanofluids is compared. Our simulated data echoed nicely with the available experimental one. The results show that Mn‐Zn ferrite‐kerosene nanofluid exhibits advanced heat transportation more than the other nanofluids studied. For lower dimensions of aspect ratio and nanoparticle diameter, higher heat transfer is obtained. Compared with other boundary conditions studied, the uniform temperature on the bottom surface of the cuboid provides a higher heat transfer rate.
Association of HLA class I and II genes with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in Koreans
Authors: Baek In‐Cheol , Choi Eun‐Jeong , Shin Dong‐Hwan , Kim Hyoung‐Jae , Choi Haeyoun , Shin Hyoung‐Shik , Lim Dong‐Gyun , Kim Tai‐Gyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) caused by MERS‐coronavirus (CoV) is a lower respiratory tract disease characterized by a high mortality rate. MERS‐CoV spread from Saudi Arabia to other countries, including South Korea. Dysfunction of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system has many effects due to genetic complexity and its role in the adaptive immune response. We investigated the association of HLA class I and II alleles with MERS‐CoV in 32 patients with MERS.MethodsHLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1, ‐DQB1, and ‐DPB1 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction sequence‐based typing.ResultsHLA‐DQB1*03:02 are significantly associated with moderate/mild cases of MERS‐CoV. Other alleles are no statistical significance.ConclusionsTreatment strategies based on current research on the HLA gene and MERS‐CoV will provide potential therapeutic targets.
Vitamin D: Bolus Is Bogus—A Narrative Review
Authors: Mazess Richard B. , Bischoff‐Ferrari Heike A. , Dawson‐Hughes Bess 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTIn this review we summarize the impact of bolus versus daily dosing of vitamin D on 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels, as well as on key countervailing factors that block vitamin D functions at the cellular level. Further, we discuss the role of bolus versus daily dosing of vitamin D for several health outcomes, including respiratory infections and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), rickets, falls and fractures, any cancer, and cancer‐related mortality. This discussion appears timely because bolus doses continue to be tested for various disease outcomes despite a growing amount of evidence suggesting lack of efficacy or even detrimental effects of bolus dosing of vitamin D for outcomes where daily dosing at modest levels was effective in the vitamin D deficient. As a result, these discordant results may bias health recommendations for vitamin D if the recommendations are based on meta‐analyses combining both daily and bolus dosing trials. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Evaluation of potential underuse of cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Takano Makoto , Nakayama Yui , Matsuda Hisao , Harada Tomoo , Akashi Yoshihiro J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe number of patients with chronic heart failure is increasing in Japan. However, the annual number of patients with heart failure who receive cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been constant in the last few years. In this study, we evaluated patients who did not receive CRT despite being eligible for this treatment to elucidate the clinical impact of CRT administration.MethodsWe assessed 214 patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 50% (excluding patients treated with CRT) who underwent transthoracic echocardiography between January and May 2020 at our institution. The patients were stratified into two groups: Group A (n = 26; patients eligible for CRT) and Group B (n = 188; patients ineligible for CRT); however, all patients only received pharmacological therapy. We retrospectively analyzed the prognosis of these patients with respect to the cumulative number of hospitalizations for heart failure and cardiogenic deaths.ResultsWe observed no significant between‐group differences in age, sex, and severity/diagnosis of organic heart disease. Group A had a significantly higher number of hospitalizations for heart failure and cardiogenic deaths than Group B (log‐rank test, P < .01; hazard ratio, 3.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.31‐7.09; average follow‐up period, 675 days).ConclusionsThis study shows that 12% of patients were eligible for CRT. However, the implantation rate was low and no one was implanted. CRT is underutilized in patients who have heart failure with reduced LVEF. Therefore, we strongly recommend CRT for patients with indications for CRT.
Injectable Hydrogel with Ultrafast In Situ Reforming Properties
Authors: Du Yan , Li Lin , Peng Haitao , Zheng Heng , Lv Guoyu , Li Hong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractShearing‐thinning injectable hydrogels, with a fixed 3D network structure, have significant potential for application in soft and hard tissue defect repair, drug delivery, wound dressings, etc. However, these hydrogels often exhibit poor in situ reforming ability in wet and underwater environments. In this study, a hydrogel with ultrafast in situ reforming ability in wet and underwater environments is prepared using modified sodium alginate–polyvinyl alcohol–dopamine. This hydrogel, with a double dynamic chemical crosslinking network, exhibits good in situ and ex situ self‐healing abilities owing to the wet adhesion property of dopamine and the underwater rebuilding property of borate ester bonds. The strength of in situ self‐healing is restored to 90.1% and 110.2% of the original strength and that of ex situ self‐healing is restored to 101.3% and 123.9% of the original strength after 6 min of healing in water and phosphate buffer solution environments, respectively. The in situ reforming efficiency of the hydrogel is reported to be 86.6% within 5 min of being injected into the liquid environment owing to the contribution of in situ self‐healing and ex situ self‐healing. In addition, the proposed hydrogel has good cell compatibility. Therefore, it can be widely used as a biomaterial.
Ultrasound findings and detection of fetal abnormalities before 11 weeks of gestation
Authors: Brown Imogen , Rolnik Daniel Lorber , Fernando Shavi , Menezes Melody , Ramkrishna Jayshree , da Silva Costa Fabricio , Meagher Simon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the proportion of major fetal structural abnormalities that can be detected before 11 gestational weeks.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of individual patient files at a tertiary provider of obstetric and gynecological ultrasound in Melbourne, Australia. All women who had a pre‐cell‐free DNA ultrasound with a crown‐rump length of less than 45 mm and had one or more ultrasounds at a later gestation were included in the analysis. The primary outcome was the incidence of a fetal structural abnormality.ResultsA total of 3333 cases were included in the final analysis. Overall, 316 fetuses (9.5%) had a structural abnormality detected at any point throughout gestation, of which 86 were major structural abnormalities (2.6%). Sixteen fetal abnormalities were detected before 11 weeks of gestation, including 15 major abnormalities (17.4% of the major anomalies). All major fetal abnormalities detected before 11 gestational weeks were confirmed at later ultrasound examinations or the pregnancy did not continue (in four cases due to termination of pregnancy and in one case spontaneous miscarriage before first trimester morphology ultrasound).ConclusionDetection of fetal abnormalities is possible before 11 weeks of gestation. Early suspicion is more likely in cases of major structural abnormalities.
Microbial susceptibility of various polymers and evaluation of thermoplastic elastomers with antimicrobial additives
Authors: Zander Zachary , Newton Deirdre , Scaglione Heather , Reiber Averie , Agarwal Parminder 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe incursion of microbial growth on polymeric products can deteriorate their performance and lead to the development of undesirable staining and odors. A growing trend in the industry has aimed to reduce microbial populations on high‐touch surfaces via the use of antimicrobials to protect material aesthetics and durability or to prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, a variety of plastic substrates (30 unique polymer compounds), including poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene‐co‐styrene), poly(butylene terephthalate), poly(etherimide), various thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), poly(carbonates), and poly(amides), were screened for susceptibility to microbial attack using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) G21 (fungi susceptibility), Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) Z2801, and modified ASTM E1428‐15a (bacterial susceptibility) test standards. TPEs were determined to be most susceptible to microbial attack under the appropriate environmental conditions. Subsequent studies assessed the use of an antimicrobial additive, zinc pyrithione (ZPT), for potential efficacy in a variety of TPE blends for diverse target market applications. ZPT proved to be very effective in protecting TPEs, reducing Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli populations by 99.9% or more in JIS Z2801 testing and inhibiting fungal growth (rating = 0) according to the ASTM G21 standard.
A simple route to prepare supramolecular block copolymers using telechelic polystyrene/polydimethylsiloxane pairs
Authors: Güillen Obando Alejandro , Chen Yuwei , Qiang Zhe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhile supramolecular block copolymer (BCP) self‐assembly has been widely studied over the past decades as an effective means to generate functional nanomaterials, most of these systems require multiple steps of synthesis and processing. In this report, we introduce a facile approach to form linear multiblock copolymers by directly blending telechelic homopolymer pairs, using di‐sulfonated polystyrene and commercially available, aminopropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane. A series of model multiblock copolymers were prepared, in which proton transfers between polymer chain ends enable the formation of strong ionic associations. These ionic junctions not only significantly enhance thin film stability of polymer blends by forming higher molecular weight copolymers, but also improve the chemical incompatibility between different segments, resulting in ordered nanostructures upon self‐assembly. These include different morphologies such as lamellae and cylinders. We also demonstrate that feature size of these BCPs can be adjusted by varying the molecular weight of the homopolymers, with a smallest domain spacing of approximately 12.9 nm being obtained. Utilizing low‐cost and widely available polymers as building blocks, our simple and efficient supramolecular assembly strategy for forming multiblock copolymers may provide a promising platform for cost‐efficient nanomanufacturing of polymeric materials. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
A 4‐day‐old newborn with an isolated sternal cleft: A rare case and literature review
Authors: Xu Shoujun , Yang Chunlan , Gan Yungen , Jiang Guihua 
Published: October 2021

SummaryAn isolated sternal cleft is an orphan congenital defect of the sternum that presents from birth to adulthood. We report the case of a 4‐day‐old newborn with an isolated congenital cleft sternum. We also reviewed the related literature and operative options.
How to minimally modify a dynamical system when constructing flat inputs?
Authors: Nicolau Florentina , Respondek Witold , Barbot Jean‐Pierre 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study the problem of constructing flat inputs for multi‐output dynamical systems, in particular, we address the issue of the minimal modification of the initial dynamical system (the measure of modification being the number of equations that have to be changed by adding flat inputs). We show that in the observable case, control vector fields that distort mequations only (where mis the number of measurements) can always be constructed (and this is the minimal possible number of equations that have to be modified by adding flat inputs), while in the unobservable case, the best that we can hope for is thatequations only are modified such that they involve flat inputs. We discuss when the original output is a flat output of minimal possible differential weight for the minimally modified control system (where by the differential weight, we mean the minimal number of derivatives of components of a flat output needed to express all states and controls). We propose a solution for constructing flat inputs leading to a minimally modified control system consistent with the minimal differential weight and, moreover, for which the observable part is affected by the minimal possible number of controls (this last property being important in applications). We show that, in that case, at leastequations have to be affected by the flat inputs.
NLO EW and QCD corrections to polarized ZZ production in the four-charged-lepton channel at the LHC
Authors: Denner Ansgar , Pelliccioli Giovanni 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Measuring the polarization of electroweak bosons at the LHC allows for important tests of the electroweak-symmetry-breaking mechanism that is realized in nature. Therefore, precise Standard Model predictions are needed for the production of polarized bosons in the presence of realistic kinematic selections. We formulate a method for the calculation of polarized cross-sections at NLO that relies on the pole approximation and the separation of polarized matrix elements at the amplitude level. In this framework, we compute NLO-accurate cross-sections for the production of two polarized Z bosons at the LHC, including for the first time NLO EW corrections and combining them with NLO QCD corrections and contributions from the gluon-induced process.