bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Attitude towards Vitamin D among Saudi Female university students at Princess Nourah University
Authors: Ramadan Yomna Khaled , Alasgah Sarah Mohammed , Alshammari Amira Saud , Bnfadliah Rima Salman , Aldrees Mashael Abdulmohsin , Alwehibi Fatimah Abdullah 
Published: December 2021

Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude towards vitamin D and sunlight exposure among female university students.
Study Design: Cross Sectional study design.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted among 500 female Saudi students in Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU).
Methodology: A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge about vitamin D sources, health benefits and effects of vitamin D deficiency and assessing the attitude towards vitamin D and sunlight exposure.
Results: The present study recognized that health college students (52.7%) had better knowledge than non-health college students (47.3%). Although PNU students had good knowledge about vitamin D, only 6.0% of them knew the current recommended daily dose. Female students showed good behavior and attitude in terms of high frequency of sunlight exposure daily (34.8%). Educational institutions were the main sources of information about vitamin D (43%). Hot weather (54.8%) and fear of pigmentation (51.2) were the main reasons for limited sunlight exposure among students.
Conclusion: There was a good level of knowledge (52.2%) about vitamin D sources, benefits and effects of vitamin D deficiency among female students. In fact, health college students had better knowledge about vitamin D than non-health college students. Hot weather (54.8%) and fear of pigmentation (51.2%) were the main barriers to sunlight exposure.
Epidemiological Study and Associated Risk Factors for Developing Bacterial Meningitis in Children of Odisha, India
Authors: Khuntia C. P. , Kar S. K. , Dwibedi B. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Bacterial meningitis is a leading cause of high childhood transience. It is the foremost cause of fatality in pediatric age group of 0-5 years in India accounting 0.5 to 2.6% of hospital admissions with CFR 16-30%. Based on above scenario, the study was undertaken to address the prevalence, etiology, social determinants of health factors of bacterial meningitis among under five children Odisha, India.
Methods: A cross sectional study comprising of children under five years of age admitted to tertiary care hospital and teaching institutions in Cuttack with suspected clinical diagnosis of bacterial meningitis during April, 2012 to September 2013. About 634 children enrolled into the study after getting appropriate consent from parents or their legal guardians. Lumbar puncture was done and CSF was sent for biochemical analysis, cell counts, staining, culture, latex agglutination test (LAT) and real time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR).
Results: About 61 children (10.4%) were confirmed with diagnosis of bacterial meningitis by either culture, latex or RT PCR. Male children (74.7%) were significantly more prone to bacterial meningitis than females (24.3%). The common isolated pathogens were Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza type b, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebseilla pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Streptococcus pneumoniae was observed to be most common pathogen (57.6%) followed by Haemophilus influenzae type b (26.2%). The risk factors analyzed showed statistically significant association (p<0.01) with low household income, mother’s education, overcrowding (more than 3 persons in a single room), smoking and poor ventilation of household.
Conclusion: Strengthening early detection of bacteria meningitis by rapid diagnostic test like LATEX, RT PCR and prompt treatment of emergent case at the household level, improvement in mother’s education and awareness, transportation to local hospital and facility for treatment and care should be utmost priority in the present scenario. It is crucial to assess the burden of bacterial meningitis with its etiology is in this region as vaccines are yet to be introduced in the child vaccine program.
FOXO3 regulates a common genomic program in aging and glioblastoma stem cells
Authors: Audesse Amanda J. , Karashchuk Galina , Gardell Zachary A. , Lakis Nelli S. , Maybury‐Lewis Sun Y. , Brown Abigail K. , Leeman Dena S. , Teo Yee Voan , Neretti Nicola , Anthony Douglas C. , Brodsky Alexander S. , Webb Ashley E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive, age‐associated malignant glioma that contains populations of cancer stem cells. These glioma stem cells (GSCs) evade therapeutic interventions and repopulate tumors due to their existence in a slowly cycling quiescent state. Although aging is well known to increase cancer initiation, the extent to which the mechanisms supporting GSC tumorigenicity are related to physiological aging remains unknown.AimsHere, we investigate the transcriptional mechanisms by which Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3), a transcriptional regulator that promotes healthy aging, affects GSC function and the extent to which FOXO3 transcriptional networks are dysregulated in aging and GBM.Methods and resultsWe performed transcriptome analysis of clinical GBM tumors and observed that high FOXO3 activity is associated with gene expression signatures of stem cell quiescence, reduced oxidative metabolism, and improved patient outcomes. Consistent with these findings, we show that elevated FOXO3 activity significantly reduces the proliferation of GBM‐derived GSCs. Using RNA‐seq, we find that functional ablation of FOXO3 in GSCs rewires the transcriptional circuitry associated with metabolism, epigenetic stability, quiescence, and differentiation. Since FOXO3 has been implicated in healthy aging, we then investigated the extent to which it regulates common transcriptional programs in aging neural stem cells (NSCs) and GSCs. We uncover a shared transcriptional program and, most strikingly, find that FOXO3‐regulated pathways are associated with altered mitochondrial functions in both aging and GBM.ConclusionsThis work identifies a FOXO‐associated transcriptional program that correlates between GSCs and aging NSCs and is enriched for metabolic and stemness pathways connected with GBM and aging.
In Situ Electronic Redistribution Tuning of NiCo2S4 Nanosheets for Enhanced Electrocatalysis
Authors: Su Hui , Song Shaojia , Gao Yangqin , Li Ning , Fu Yang , Ge Lei , Song Weiyu , Liu Jian , Ma Tianyi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMetal Ru and vacancy engineering play an important role in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, there are few reports targeted on electrocatalysts by simultaneously employing these two strategies. Herein, theoretical calculation firstly predicts that Ru and VS can regulate the adsorption energy of OER/HER intermediates for NiCo2S4 electrocatalysts. Then, a facile solvothermal‐photochemical strategy is utilized to synthesis series NiCo2S4 samples: through filling the solvothermal‐created VS in NiCo2S4–x with Ru single atoms (Ru‐NiCo2S4–x) under ultraviolet irradiation as OER catalysts. Besides, Ru nanoclusters are introduced into NiCo2S4 without VS (Ru‐NiCo2S4) for HER. As a result, the OER exchange current density of NiCo2S4–x is prominently boosted after decoration of Ru single atom, which possesses an eminently low overpotential of 190 mV@50 mA cm−2, while Ru‐NiCo2S4 shows superior HER performance (32 mV@10 mA cm−2) compared with Ru‐NiCo2S4–x, surpassing most reported electrocatalytic materials. Moreover, Ru‐NiCo2S4–x//Ru‐NiCo2S4 exhibits remarkable stability and catalytic performance in the overall water splitting, with a cell voltage value of 1.46 V at 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH. Bader charge analysis unravels the “restricted‐delocalized‐restricted” phenomenon between electrons promote the electron interactions, which in turn improves electrochemical performance.
Freestanding Magnetic Microtissues for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Santos Lúcia F. , Patrício Sónia G. , Silva Ana Sofia , Mano João F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA long‐sought goal in tissue engineering (TE) is the development of tissues able to recapitulate the complex architecture of the native counterpart. Microtissues, by resembling the functional units of living structures, can be used to recreate tissues’ architecture. Howbeit, microfabrication methodologies fail to reproduce cell‐based tissues with uniform shape. At the macroscale, complex tissues are already produced by magnetic‐TE using solely magnetized cells as building materials. The enhanced extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition guaranties the conservation of tissues’ architecture, leading to a successful cellular engraftment. Following the same rational, now the combination of a versatile microfabrication‐platform is proposed with magnetic‐TE to generate robust micro‐tissues with complex architecture for TE purposes. Small tissue units with circle, square, and fiber‐like shapes are designed with high fidelity acting as building blocks for engineering complex tissues. Notably, freestanding microtissues maintain their geometry after 7 days post‐culturing, overcoming the challenges of microtissues fabrication. Lastly, the ability of microtissues in invading distinct tissue models while releasing trophic factors is substantiated in methacryloyl laminarin (LAM) and platelet lysates (PLMA) hydrogels. By simply using cells as building units and such microfabrication‐platform, the fabrication of complex multiscale and multifunctional tissues with clinical relevance is envisaged, including for therapies or disease models.
Designing Angstrom‐Scale Asymmetric MOF‐on‐MOF Cavities for High Monovalent Ion Selectivity
Authors: Abdollahzadeh Mojtaba , Chai Milton , Hosseini Ehsan , Zakertabrizi Mohammad , Mohammad Munirah , Ahmadi Hadi , Hou Jingwei , Lim Sean , Habibnejad Korayem Asghar , Chen Vicki , Asadnia Mohsen , Razmjou Amir 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBiological ion channels feature angstrom‐scale asymmetrical cavity structures, which are the key to achieving highly efficient separation and sensing of alkali metal ions from aqueous resources. The clean energy future and lithium‐based energy storage systems heavily rely on highly efficient ionic separations. However, artificial recreation of such a sophisticated biostructure has been technically challenging. Here, a highly tunable design concept is introduced to fabricate monovalent ion‐selective membranes with asymmetric sub‐nanometer pores in which energy barriers are implanted. The energy barriers act against ionic movements, which hold the target ion while facilitating the transport of competing ions. The membrane consists of bilayer metal‐organic frameworks (MOF‐on‐MOF), possessing a 6 to 3.4‐angstrom passable cavity structure. The ionic current measurements exhibit an unprecedented ionic current rectification ratio of above 100 with exceptionally high selectivity ratios of 84 and 80 for K+/Li+ and Na+/ Li+, respectively (1.14 Li+ mol m−2 h−1). Furthermore, using quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics, it is shown that the combined effect of spatial hindrance and nucleophilic entrapment to induce energy surge baffles is responsible for the membrane's ultrahigh selectivity and ion rectification. This work demonstrates a striking advance in developing monovalent ion‐selective channels and has implications in sensing, energy storage, and separation technologies.
An In Situ Self‐Assembly Dual Conductive Shell Nanofiber Strain Sensor with Superior Sensitivity and Antibacterial Property
Authors: Zhang Wang , Lin Liwei , Zhang Ligong , Choi Yejung , Cho Youngseul , Chen Tianyu , Gao Jiefeng , Yao Hang , Piao Yuanzhe 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAt the moment, flexible, stretchable, and wearable strain sensors have extensive application prospect in medical healthcare for their abilities to instantly and accurately monitor human health and body movements, particularly suitable for patients with joint injury and movement disorder, which have attracted more and more attention. Hence, a multifunctional conductive nanofiber composite (M‐CNC) strain sensor with reliable antibacterial property is put forward. The thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofiber is served as the substrate, decorated by acid‐modified carbon nanotubes (ACNTs) and in situ self‐assembled silver nanoflowers (AgNFs), entitling the M‐CNC with double‐shell conductive networks. The M‐CNC (TPU/ACNT/AgNF) has a stable conductivity, which is up to 7.5 × 105 S m−1. Further, the double‐shell conductive networks have greatly enhanced the sensing performance of the M‐CNC strain sensor, possessing a useful gauge factor of 55 352, during the strain of 42% to 100%. Additionally, the outer AgNF shell structure is stable even after the cyclic test for 1000 times under the strain of 50%. The AgNF also endows the M‐CNC with great antibacterial property, indicating brilliant growth inhibition effects on Gram‐negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus.
Grayscale Stereolithography of Gradient Hydrogel with Site‐Selective Shape Deformation
Authors: Jiang Pan , Zhang Yuxin , Mu Xiaoxiao , Liu Desheng , Liu Yanhua , Guo Rui , Ji Zhongying , Wang Xinzhong , Wang Xiaolong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHydrogels can convert external stimuli into shape deformation and mechanical motion, leading to the potential applications in intelligent devices and soft robotics. However, it is difficult to control the site‐selective shape deformation in a single hydrogel system in comparison with the traditional bilayer actuators with difference in structure or composition across the thickness. Here, a strategy to achieve the programmable shape deformation of hydrogel from a single precursor by grayscale stereolithography is proposed. The designed grayscale patterns can govern the spatially gradient crosslinking density of hydrogels, which leads to the heterogeneity in physicochemical performance, especially swelling ability. As a result, the swelling mismatch inducing the nonuniform internal stresses can drive the printed hydrogels to deform as the expected shape in three dimensions although there is no apparent asymmetric features and bilayer configuration. Grayscale light intensity and exposure time, as the digital printing codes can parametrically regulate the predictable shape deformation. More importantly, hydration and dehydration characterizations can endow the reversible feature of shape deformation hydrogel, benefiting to design the hydrogel actuators and sensitive devices. It is believed that integration of the advanced grayscale stereolithography together with the functional hydrogels uncovers a facile strategy to broad opportunities for sensors, soft robots, actuators, and so on.
Critical Role of High‐Lying Triplet States for Efficient Excitons Utilization in High‐Performance Non‐Doped Deep‐Blue Fluorescent and Hybrid White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Baoxi , Li Ganggang , Zhang Han , Wu Haozhong , Chen Kongqi , Wang Zhiming , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFor organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), the characteristics of high‐lying excited states of pure organic materials significantly affect the utilization of triplet excitons, which are critical in the process of electroluminescence. Herein, two novel molecules, PT‐1 and PT‐2, with deep‐blue emission are obtained, which exhibit nearly identical photophysical behavior in the photoluminescence process. However, the remarkable distinction in the characteristics of the high‐lying triplet excited states between PT‐1 and PT‐2 leads to a significant difference in the electroluminescence performance. Moreover, the non‐doped OLED based on PT‐1 exhibits maximum external quantum efficiency (ηext) of 6.63% with a low efficiency roll‐off. In addition, the authors employ PT‐1 as the phosphorescent host materials to fabricate two‐color hybrid white OLEDs (WOLEDs), from which they can realize the transformation from warm‐white to quasi‐white light by tuning the thickness of emission layer, with maximum ηext and power efficiency (ηp) of 23.93%/84.37 lm W−1 and 10.49%/33.96 lm W−1, respectively. These results deeply demonstrate the effects of high‐lying excited states on electroluminescence and facilitate the preparation of functional OLEDs.
A Discrete Platinum(II) Metallacycle Harvesting Triplet Excitons for Solution‐Processed Deep‐Red Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Xing Hao , Yu Ying , Liu Junkai , Qin Peng , Lam Jacky Wing Yip , Shi Bingbing , Xie Guohua , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPlatinum(II) coordination‐driven architectures have exhibited unique features in fabricating functional supramolecular materials. By introducing luminescent moieties into the ligand structure, various light‐emitting metallacycles and metallacages have been facilely prepared, presenting specific applications in chemical sensing, light‐harvesting, and bio‐imaging. Except for building up the metal–ligand bonds, the platinum(II) center should also benefit the ultimate luminescence due to its unique photophysical traits. Here, a platinum(II) metallacycle with deep‐red emission for solution‐processed organic light‐emitting diodes is reported. This metallacycle is assembled by mixing a 180° di‐Pt(II) acceptor with a pyridyl‐decorated ligand functionalized by a deep‐red fluorescent emitter. Notably, the platinum(II) acceptor permits the efficient intramolecular transfer of all electrically generated singlet and triplet excitons from itself to the fluorescent moiety, which dramatically enhances the external quantum efficiency of the device compared with the one consisting of the sole ligand. The present results reveal the function of platinum(II) metallacycles in light‐emitting devices, a finding which should apply to other coordination‐driven architectures with versatile properties.
Alleviation of π–π* Transition Enabling Enhanced Luminescence in Emerging TpyInClx (x = 3, 5) Perovskite Single Crystals
Authors: Zhang Yangyi , Yuan Songyang , Yuan Yaxuan , Bao Yunkai , Ran Qing , Liu Enming , Fan Jiandong , Li Wenzhe 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites have played an important role in optoelectronic and photonic community owing to their remarkably high photoluminescence quantum yields and color tunability with ultrafast emission performance. Herein, two kinds of novel perovskite single crystals, i.e., TpyInCl3 and TpyInCl5, grown by means of a solution‐processed hydrothermal method are innovatively designed. Regulating the polarity of the precursor solution allows to fine‐tune the light emission from pink to blue with an extremely short photoluminescence lifetime of 2.5 ns. The density functional theory calculations reveal that the unique luminescence characteristics are associated with the contribution of the terpyridine π–π* transition and the exciton quenching in the inorganic framework, that is, InCl3/[In2Cl10]4−, wherein the reduction of the recombination path and the increase of exciton quenching can effectively increase the luminous intensity. The current study provides a new paradigm toward designing multifunctional perovskite materials with tunable structure and electron dimension in emitter devices.
Synthesis of Two New Dinuclear Lanthanide Clusters and Visual Bifunctional Sensing Devices Based on the Eu Cluster
Authors: Jiang Yefei , Zheng Kai , Liu Ziqi , Yu Xiaobo , Yang Qingrong , Tang Ting , Zeng Chenghui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe development of visual and multifunctional sensors, and further the fabrication of portable sensing devices is of great importance. Herein, two dinuclear lanthanide clusters are designed, and their accurate molecules are determined to be [Ln2(DFBA)6(dmp)2(H2O)2] (Ln3+ = Eu3+ (1‐Eu) or Tb3+ (1‐Tb), HDFBA = 3,4‐difluorobenzoic acid, dmp = 4,7‐dimethyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline), by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Interestingly, 1‐Eu shows rapid detection of ferrous ions (Fe2+) and acetylacetone (acac), with the limit of detection (LOD) as low as 5.6 and 1.0 ppb, respectively. LOD of 5.6 ppb for Fe2+ is far lower than the standard of World Health Organization (0.3 ppm, SDWA) and Chinese rural water quality standards (0.5 ppm, GB25467‐2010) for drinking water. As far as it is known, 1‐Eu is the most sensitive chemosensor for the detection of acac; the sensing can be discriminated by the naked eyes under 365 nm UV light. Furthermore, portable sensing devices of agarose gel, test paper, and sprayed films on plastic tube, glass, coin, test paper, stone, leaf, carbon rod, and iron sheet surfaces, based on 1‐Eu solution, are fabricated by facile methods, with visual and quick detection of Fe2+ in water under various conditions, and show excellent recyclable sensing performance for acac vapor.
Antiferromagnetic Ordering and Uncoupled Spins in CaFe2O4 Thin Films Probed by Spin Hall Magnetoresistance
Authors: Damerio Silvia , Kaverzin Alexey A. , Ocelík Václav , Hoogeboom Geert R. , van Wees Bart J. , Noheda Beatriz 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCaFe2O4 is a uniaxial antiferromagnet displaying two coexisting magnetic orderings, A and B, characterized by ↑↑↓↓ and ↑↓↑↓ spin modulation, respectively, and the emergence of a net magnetization in a limited temperature range, which is not yet understood. The spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) is probed at the interface between Pt and CaFe2O4 and the crystallographic domain structure of thin film samples is exploited to perform single‐ and multi‐domain scale measurements. The SMR response, upon rotating the magnetic field along three orthogonal planes, shows little effect of the strong magnetocrystalline and shape anisotropies. Together with the response to a varying magnetic field strength, the modulations in the SMR signal allow to extract two contributions: one corresponds to the long‐range antiferromagnetic ordering, supporting a single ground state scenario; while the second contribution originates from uncompensated, non‐interacting spins. These are expected to exist at the antiphase boundaries between antiferromagnetic domains. Here, it is shown that these are also uncoupled from the antiferromagnetic ordering. Nonetheless, the long range correlations that emerge in the proximity of the critical antiferromagnetic transition can give rise to ordering of the uncompensated spins and be responsible for the net magnetization observed in this antiferromagnet.
Rational Design and Synthesis of Nickel Niobium Oxide with High‐Rate Capability and Cycling Stability in a Wide Temperature Range
Authors: Lv Changpeng , Lin Chunfu , Zhao X. S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractConductive nickel niobium oxide (Ni2Nb34O87) is rationally designed and synthesized as a safe anode material for lithium‐ion storage. Ni2Nb34O87 exhibits high‐rate capability and cycling stability in the temperature range between ‐10 and 60 °C. At 25 °C, it delivers reversible specific capacities of 339 mAh g‐1 at 0.1C with 98.1% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 20C. At ‐10 °C, it displays a reversible capacity of 207 mAh g‐1 at 0.1C with 64.0% capacity retention when the C‐rate increases from 0.5C to 2C and no capacity decay after 1000 cycles at 2C. At 60 °C, it exhibits a reversible capacity of 224 mAh g‐1 at 0.1C with 65.3% capacity retention when the C‐rate increases from 0.5C to 10C and 78.7% capacity is maintained after 1000 cycles at 10C. In‐situ X‐ray diffraction measurements combined with Rietveld refinements reveal that the interlayer spacing of Ni2Nb34O87 with a shear ReO3‐type layered structure is relatively large, effectively facilitating lithium‐ion transport and storage with 6.71% unit‐cell‐volume expansion upon lithiation. This new anode material holds great promise for lithium‐ion batteries working in a wide temperature range.