bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Method for Evaluating Diversity of Stand Structure Based on Relationship of Adjacent Trees
Authors: ZHAO ZHONGHUA , Zhang Gongqiao , Liu Wenzhen , Hui Gangying , Zhang Ganggang , Yang Aiming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Improving the diversity and complexity of stand structure is the basis for maintaining and increasing forest ecosystem biodiversity. Measures of stand structural diversity is important for predicting stand growth and evaluating forest management activities. Based on the relationship of adjacent trees, we present a new method for the quantitative analysis of stand structure diversity that allows comparison of stand structural heterogeneity between different stands and forest types and to quantify the impact of forest management on structural diversity.
Method:

The diversity of structural unit types was defined and then we derive a new index of forest structural diversity () according to the additivity principle of Shannon-Weiner index. The effectiveness and sensitivity to management were verified by sixteen field survey samples in different locations and six different simulated management datasets based on Pinus koraiensis broad-leaved forest survey sample.
Results

(1) The mountain rainforest in Hainan had the highest \({{S}^{\text{'}}}_{D}\) value at 5.287, followed by broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Jiaohe (2), Jiaohe (1) and oak broadleaved mixed natural forest in Xiaolongshan (2), with values of 5.144, 5.014 and 5.006, respectively. The \({{S}^{\text{'}}}_{D}\) values of plantations and natural pure forest were lower. (2) Different thinning methods and intensities reduced \({{S}^{\text{'}}}_{D}\) compared with no treatment and magnitude of the with the differences were greater as thinning intensity increased. The \({{S}^{\text{'}}}_{D}\) value of thinning from above decreased more than thinning from below at the same thinning intensity.
Conclusion
The\({{S}^{\text{'}}}_{D}\) well describes differences in stand structural diversity of different forest types and allows comparison of stand structural heterogeneity. It is also sensitive to forest management activities and to quantify the impact of forest management on structural diversity. The application of this new index \({{S}^{\text{'}}}_{D}\) could greatly facilitate forest management and monitoring.
Characterisation of carboxylate nanocrystal cellulose /silver nanoparticles from eucalyptus pulp and its antitumour activity
Authors: Jutakridsada Pasakorn , Theerakulpisut Somnuk , Sillanpää Mika , Kamwilaisak Khanita 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) has a high prospect in the biomedical field due to its favourable biocompatibility, stability, and modifiable properties, which render it potentially useful as a template for silver deposition nanoparticles (Ag NPs). In this research work, the aim was to prepare AgNPs on carboxylate nanocrystal cellulose (cCNC) in a minimised process and decrease the number of chemical reagents and with a stable anchor and controllable release Ag + by hydrothermal reaction. The controlled release of Ag+ was also determined. The anticancer activity of Ag-cCNC on HCT116 (Human colon cancer cells) and SK-MEL-2 (Human Skin Melanoma cells) were investigated. Silver nanoparticles were uniformly deposited onto cCNC with a 28.0% yield and a particle size of ∼15 nm. The release rate of silver ions was monitored for 32 days by ICOES analysis. It was found that Ag-cCNC induced silver ions to release slowly, which displayed a controllable release of silver ions with a rate of 0.1-0.2% per 2 days and a longterm release of 245 days. Also, Ag-cCNC showed anticancer activity against both HCT 116 (Human colon cancer cell) and SK-MEL-2 (Human Skin Melanoma cell) at 35±4.04% and 20±7.68% cell viability, respectively. Ag-cCNC showed promising higher 15% anticancer HCT 116 efficacy than cisplatin, but it was lower 18% in anticancer SK-MEL-2. This study provides a novel, sustainable, simple and straightforward way with environmentally friendly to produce and use natural composite material from Eucalyptus as an antitumour drug.
Growth of Multidimensional Zinc Oxide Nanorods Array for Enhanced UV Photoresponsivity
Authors: Yengantiwar Ashish , Banpurkar Arun G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) photosensitive device was fabricated using ZnO nanorod array on substrate with copper electrodes. Facile open aqueous solution deposition technique was used to grow the ZnO nanorods forming an electrical bridge between copper electrodes. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns was used to confirm the polycrystalline wurtzite ZnO phase and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques was employed to characterize the growth morphology of ZnO nanorods. A current-voltage (I-V) characterization in the dark exhibits the back-to-back diode characteristics. In the presence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, enhanced photo-response was reported wherein photocurrent increases by two orders of magnitude at 2 V bias. This enhancement is mainly due to lateral interfacial contacts between neighboring grain-boundary of the nanorods arrays.
A Novelty of Long Non-coding RNA LOXL1-AS1: Suppresses Tumor Progression and Metastasis and an Independent Favorable Prognostic Factor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hendi Maher , Pan Yu , Kwabena Gyabaah Owusu-Ansah , Zhang Bin , Wang Yifan , Lv Jiemin , Cai Xiujun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the second primary causes of cancer death globally, And the sixth mostly common malignant liver tumor with poor clinical results. The long term survival of HCC patients was effected and influenced by the low rate of early diagnosis and high risk of recurrence and metastasis in post operative .Although the survival of HCC patients had improved due to improved diagnosis, In Addition Increasing amount of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been revealed to be implicated in the carcinogenesis and progression of HCC. The potential role of Loxl1-As1 in the progression and metastasis of HCC is still not clear and needs exploring and more researching.Methods: By using a lncRNA microarray, we identified a novelty of lncRNA Loxl1-As1 .The expression of lncRNA high downregulated in metastatic HCC (Loxl1-As1) in cell lines and tissues was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH).and CCK-8, colony formation and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the role of Loxl1-As1 in HCC cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in vitro and migration were investigated in HCC cell lines bot in vitro, Western blot was used to detect the downstream of Loxl1-As1.Results: Clinically investigation,Loxl1-As1 correlated with good and favorable prognosis of HCC patients. and Loxl1-As1 was down-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. The ISH assay revealed that Loxl1-As1 expression was significantly decreased in 177 paraffin-embedded samples from patients with HCC compared with Non-tumor tissues (adjacent tissues )and Loxl1-as1 expression directly correlated with patient prognosis. In vitro studies indicated that Loxl1-as1 promoted HCC cells’ proliferation and clonogenicity, the expression of Loxl1-as1 suppressed the growth, migration, and metastasis of HCC cells in vitro .Conclusions: Collectively, Our findings reveal a novelty Loxl1-As1for HCC progression and these study demonstrated that Loxl1-As1, overexpressed in HCC and associated with good prognosis , and it’s an important role in the progression and metastasis of HCC. Finally we suggest that lncRNA Loxl1-As1 might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC,
Analgesic Efficacy of Single-Shot Adductor Canal Block Before Versus After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Heller Snir , Shemesh Shai , Rukinglaz Oleg , Cohen Nir , Velkes Steven , Fein Shai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with severe postoperative pain. Multimodal analgesia, including peripheral nerve block, is recommended for post-operative pain relief. Administration of some pain medications prior to surgery has shown to be more effective than after the operation. This is a prospective, randomized controlled trial designed to compare the analgesic efficacy of the adductor canal block (ACB) performed immediately before or immediately after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesized that ACB before the surgery will reduce postoperative pain and improve knee function.Methods: A total of 50 patients were enrolled and randomized into 2 groups, with 26 patients receiving a preoperative ACB and 24 receiving a postoperative ACB. Results: Treatment groups were similar in terms of gender (p=0.83), age (p=0.61) weight (p=0.39) and ASA score. Average visual analogue scale (VAS) on arrival to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) were 4.9±3.2 in the preoperative ACB versus 3.4±2.8 for the postoperative ACB (p=0.075). VAS scores at different time points as well as the mean, minimal and maximal reported VAS scores were not significantly different between the two groups. The cumulative quantities of Fentanyl administered by the anesthesia team was comparable between the groups. Similarly, the dosage of Morphine, Tramadol, Acetaminophen and Dipyrone showed only small variations. The Quality of Recovery Score, Knee Society Scores and knee range of motion did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate no significant differences in patient total narcotics consumption, pain scores and functional scores, between preoperative and postoperative ACB in patients undergoing TKA. Trial Registration: The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov and was assigned the registration number NCT02908711Level of Evidence: level I randomized controlled trial
Determinants of Women Participation in Income Generating Activities: Evidence From Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Abera , Woltamo Tesfaye , Abuto Aklilu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to examine the major determinants and challenges of women's participation in income-generating activities focusing on rural women of Ethiopia's practical evidence. To carry out this study both primary and secondary data was collected and analyzed. Randomly selected 161 households were the source of primary data for this study. Secondary data was collected from the review of related works of literature. A binary logistic regression econometric model was implemented to identify major determinants of women's participation in income-generating activities. Women in the study area are not allowed by their husbands to participate in high-income earning activities. They are considered as a housewife and the only husband is expected to participate in high income-generating activities due to the local customs. As a result, some women participate in small business activities like livestock product sales, vegetable and fruit sell, poultry, petty trade, hairdressing, and wage labor. In the study area, women's participation in the income-generating activity is determined by age, husband’s education, women's education, family size, land size, market distance, livestock holding, and access to credit. This paper contributes to the literature on women's participation challenges in income-generating activities, giving emphasis on rural women's perspectives. It provides the basis for further studies aimed at challenges hindering women's participation in high-income earning activities, particularly in developing countries.
Improvement of the Oxidation Behavior of Yb-Gd-Si&nbsp;Ternary Alloys at Low Temperatures via Ti Addition
Authors: Arai Yutaro , Morigayama Hiroki , Aoki Takuya , Inoue Ryo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To improve the oxidation behavior of Yb-Gd-Si, 0.5 and 1 at% of Ti-containing Yb-Gd-Si (denoted as YGTS-0.5 and YGTS-1, respectively) were fabricated by arc melting. The oxidation behaviors of both YGTS specimens were evaluated by oxidation tests performed in a temperature range of 600–1200 °C for 1, 2, 4, and 8 h in air. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted at the abovementioned temperature range in air and steam. Oxidation tests at 1200 °C revealed no significant changes in the oxidation rate. Moreover, the oxidation tests revealed that Yb-Gd-Si and YGTS-0.5 became powdery after oxidation, whereas YGTS-1 maintained its form. Detailed microstructural observations indicated that the formation of TiO2 and other oxides in the Yb-Ti-O phase and oxide-containing Yb, Gd, Ti, and Si suppressed the formation of Yb2O3, which caused drastic oxidation at intermediate temperatures (600–900 °C). These results indicated that the addition of 1 at% of Ti to Yb-Gd-Si was effective in improving its oxidation behavior.
Ultrahigh Piezoelectricity After Field Cooling AC Poling in Ferroelectric Crystals Manufactured by Continuous-feeding Bridgman
Authors: Luo Cong , Karaki Tomoaki , Wang Zhuangkai , Sun Yiqin , Yamashita Yohachi , Xu Jiayue 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We investigated the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of [001]-oriented 0.24Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-0.46Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.30PbTiO3 (PIMN-0.30PT) single crystals (SCs) manufactured by continuous-feeding Bridgman (CF BM) within morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region after field cooling alternating current poling (FC ACP). By optimized the FC ACP conditions of 4 kVrms/cm from 100 to 70 oC, the PIMN-0.30PT SC process attained ultrahigh dielectric permittivity (εT 33/ε0) of 8330 and piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 2750 pC/N, and bar mode electromechanical coupling factor k33 of 0.96 with higher phase change temperature (Tpc) of 103 oC, respectively. These values are the highest ever reported as PIMN-xPT system SCs with Tpc > 100 oC. The enhancement of these properties of the PIMN-0.30PT SC is attributed to the induced low symmetry multi-phase supported by phase analysis. This work indicates that FC ACP is a smart and promising method to enhance piezoelectric properties of relaxor-PT ferroelectric SCs including PIMNT, which provide a route to a wide range of piezoelectric device applications.
Decrease in the Cortex/striatum Metabolic Ratio on 18F-FDG PET: a Biomarker of Dysimmune Encephalitis
Authors: Leiris Nicolas De , Ruel Berengere , Vervandier Jean , Boucraut José , Grimaldi Stephan , Horowitz Tatiana , Pelletier Jean , Fluchere Frederique , Kaphan Elsa , Guedj Eric 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The aim was to determine the diagnostic value of the cortex/striatum metabolic ratio in 18F-FDG PET in a large cohort of patients suffering from dysimmune encephalitis (DE) and to search for clinical correlations with the course of the disease.Methods: We retrospectively collected complete clinical and paraclinical data of DE patients, including brain 18F-FDG PET/CT. Whole-brain statistical analysis was performed using SPM8 software after activity parametrization to the striatum and in comparison to healthy subjects. Conventional discriminant analysis between the DE group and controls was performed using cluster metabolic ratios. A correlation analysis between cluster metabolic ratios and clinical/paraclinical data was assessed.Results: Seventy-three patients with DE were included. In comparison to 44 controls, voxel-based statistical analysis identified one large cluster (p-voxel < 0.001 uncorrected; p-cluster<0.05, FWE corrected) of widespread decreased cortical metabolism relative to the striatum in DE patients. The mean parametrized cluster metabolic value was significantly lower for DE patients (1.06 ± 0.13) than for the control group (1.46 ± 0.08; p < 0.001). This cluster metabolic ratio correctly classified 97.4% of the individuals between patients with DE and healthy controls. Correlation analyses showed that a low cluster metabolic ratio was associated with higher risk of death (p = 0.04), the absence of autoantibodies (p = 0.05), and an increased delay between onset of symptoms and diagnostic (p = 0.01).Conclusion: The decrease in the cortex/striatal metabolic ratio has a good diagnostic performance for the differentiation of DE patients from controls and seems to provide prognostic information on the clinical course.
Research on online detection System of lathe tool wear based on Machine Vision
Authors: Ding Yufeng , Wan Pucheng , Zhang Bo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Machine tools are important factor to determine the surface quality of the workpiece, and the online detection of tool wear is of great significance to the production and processing. In this paper, turning tools are taken as the research object, the tool wear evaluation index is defined, and the online detection system of lathe tool wear based on machine vision is designed. The workpiece processing, tool wear image acquisition, transmission, storage, and processing are completed in this system. Aiming at the problem of tool wear state detection, an adaptive hybrid filtering method is proposed in order to remove noise in the image acquisition process, nonlinear transformation and unsharp masking methods are used to enhance tool wear image quality. The GrabCut improved algorithm is used to segment the tool wear image. The Canny edge detection operator with adaptive double thresholds is used to detect the edge of the tool wear area. Finally, the upper and lower boundaries of the tool wear area are detected by using the Hough transform method, and the wear value of the tool flank is calculated, which is compared with the blunt standard VB=06mm to determine whether the tool needs to be replaced. The accuracy of the detection method is verified by experimental measurement of the surface roughness of the workpiece after machining.
Graphene Oxide Accelerate Diabetic Wound Repair by Inhibiting Apoptosis of Ad-MSCs via Linc00324/miR-7977/STK4 Pathway
Authors: Ji Zhe , Chen Feifei , Yang Shuai , Shen Caiqi , Wei Hanxiao , Li Qiang , Jin Peisheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGraphene oxide (GO) has been proven in many studies to promote the proliferation and differentiation of a variety of stem cells, but its effect on the apoptosis of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) is still unclear. Apoptosis is one of the most important factors in the treatment of diabetic wounds by stem cells. Therefore, we explored its therapeutic effect on diabetic wounds by studying the effect of GO on the apoptosis of Ad-MSCs.MethodsqRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in Ad-MSCs. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down and luciferase assays were used to detect the interaction of the specific lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA. The effects of Linc00324 on Ad-MSCs cells apoptosis were explored by flow cytometer, TUNEL assay and Western blot. Diabetic wound was established to explore the function of Linc00324 on Ad-MSCs repairing ability in vivo.ResultsGO inhibited the apoptosis of Ad-MSCs caused by high glucose, and Linc00324 was one of the factors contributing to its effect. In terms of mechanism, RIP and RNA-Pull-down confirmed Linc00324 could directly interact with miR-7977, and then acted as a miRNA sponge to regulate the expression of miR-7977 target gene STK4 (MST1) and downstream signaling pathways. In addition, GO reduced the apoptosis of Ad-MSCs in wounds and promoted wound healing. Conclusions﻿Overall, this study highlights that GO maybe a superior auxiliary material for Ad-MSCs to repair diabetic wounds via Linc00324/miR-7977/STK4 pathway.
The psychological burden in survivors of stroke and caregivers dyads in Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kitoko Germain Manzekele Bin , Vivalya Bives Mutume. , Vagheni Martial Mumbere , Nzuzi Thierry Matonda Ma , Lusambulu Sam Mampunza , Lelo Gilbert Mananga , Mpembi Magloire Nkosi , Miezi Samuel Mampunza Ma 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Stroke exposes the patients and the caregivers to the development of burden in terms of health, economic and social costs. Few studies have focused on the relationship between the psychological burden and the level of disability in stroke survivors and caregiver dyads. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed at determining the psychological burden of stroke in patients and caregivers in Kinshasa. 85 stroke survivors and caregivers dyads were screened using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Zarit Burden Inventory, and the Rankin’s modified Scale to determine respectively the depression, the anxiety in stroke survivors as well as the caregivers’ psychological burden. Results: Up to fifty percent of survivors of stroke had a severe disability, associated with a high risk of the occurrence of the psychological burden. Nearly eighty-five percent of caregivers showed a moderate psychological burden. The stroke survivors developed more depression than anxiety. Caregivers developed more likely anxiety and depression than stroke survivors. Conclusions: There is a positive relationship between the psychological burden in caregivers and the level of disability in stroke survivors far from the acute phase of the stroke. Healthcare providers working with the survivors of stroke should assess for anxiety and depression in caregivers.
Autophagy Inhibitors Treatment Alleviates Degree of Infection and Cerebral Inflammatory Responses in Mouse Model of Japanese Encephalitis
Authors: Zhang Jinhua , Han Wei , xie changqing , Gao mingxing , Wang Xugang , Hu Xueying , Zhang Wanpo , Cao Shengbo , Liu Xiaoli , cheng Guofu , Gu Chang-Qin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is a zoonotic natural epidemic disease caused by Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) infection. Currently, there is no specific medicine for Japanese encephalitis. At present, autophagy regulating drugs have played an important role in the treatment of tumors, heart diseases and other diseases. We hope that by studying the effects of autophagy-regulating drugs on JEV infection and host response in mice, will provide effective clinical trials for autophagy-regulating drugs in the treatment of Japanese encephalitis and other viral infectious diseases. Methods: After establishing appropriate animal model. We observed the neurological symptoms of the mice and counted their survival rate. We compared the degree of viral infection in the brain of mice infected with JE virus. We compared the extent of neuroinflammatory responses in the brain of mice and explored the signaling processes involved in neuroinflammation.Results: We found autophagy inhibitors wortmannin (Wort) and chloroquine (CQ) alleviate degree of viral infection in the brain of JEV-infected mice. Autophagy inhibitors reduced the neuroinflammation in Mouse Model of Japanese encephalitis. We speculated that autophagy inhibitors may attenuate the activation of the PI3K/AKT/NF-kB pathway, thereby reducing the brain inflammation in mice, thereby protecting mice from JEV-induced death. This result is not significant enough, the specific mechanism still needs further study.Conclusions: Our study suggests that autophagy inhibitors wortmannin and chloroquine could reduce the degree of viral infection and inflammatory response in the brain of JEV infected mice, providing a clinical basis for the treatment of Japanese encephalitis.