bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three Novel Dietary Phenolic Compounds from Pickled Raphanus Sativus L. Inhibit Lipid Accumulation in Obese Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota Composition
Authors: Li Jian , Deng Qianying , Zhang Yaqi , Wu Daren , Li Guiling , Liu Jingwen , Zhang Lingyu , Wang Hui‐Min David 
Published: February 2021

ScopeAlthough pickled radish is widely consumed worldwide, few studies have investigated the nutritional benefits of bioactive compounds extracted from pickled radish. In this study, the authors investigate the relationship among dietary phenolic compounds, lipid accumulation, and gut microbiota.Method and ResultsThree phenolic compounds 2,6‐dihydroxyacetophenone (DHAP), 4‐hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (4‐HPEA), and 4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde (HBA) are extracted from pickled radish. LO2 cells treated with free fatty acid are first used to explore the impact of the above three compounds at different doses on reducing lipid levels. The effects of the three compounds on obesity and the gut microbiota are further investigated in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced KM mice. Results show that three compounds inhibited the lipid accumulation in LO2 cells. The results of animal experiments reveal that three compounds prevented body weight gain and significantly decreased serum lipid levels. Treatment with DHAP, HPEA, and HBA reversed gut microbiome dysbiosis in HFD‐induced mice. The three phenolic compounds increase Odoribacter, and decrease Helicobacter and Mucispirillum. Notably, DHAP and HBA reduce the HFD‐induced increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.ConclusionThese data suggest that phenolic compounds extracted from pickled radish possess excellent lipid‐lowering capacity, providing a theoretical basis for further analysis of the nutritional value of pickled radish.
17O solid‐state NMR at ultrahigh magnetic field of 35.2 T: Resolution of inequivalent oxygen sites in different phases of MOF MIL‐53(Al)
Authors: Martins Vinicius , Xu Jun , Hung Ivan , Gan Zhehong , Gervais Christel , Bonhomme Christian , Huang Yining 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMIL‐53(Al) is a member of the most extensively studied metal–organic framework (MOF) families owing to its “flexible” framework and superior stability. 17O solid‐state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy is an ideal site‐specific characterization tool as it probes local oxygen environments. Because oxygen local structure is often altered during phase change, 17O SSNMR can be used to follow phase transitions. However, 17O is a challenging nucleus to study via SSNMR due to its low sensitivity and resolution arising from the very low natural abundance of 17O isotope and its quadrupolar nature. In this work, we describe that by using 17O isotopic enrichment and performing 17O SSNMR experiments at an ultrahigh magnetic field of 35.2 T, all chemically and crystallographically inequivalent oxygen sites in two representative MIL‐53(Al) (as‐made and water adsorbed) phases can be completely resolved. The number of signals in each phase is consistent with that predicted from the space group refined from powder X‐ray diffraction data. The 17O 1D magic‐angle spinning (MAS) and 2D triple‐quantum MAS (3QMAS) spectra at 35.2 T furnish fine information about the host–guest interactions and the structural changes associated with phase transition. The ability to completely resolve multiple chemically and crystallographically inequivalent oxygen sites in MOFs at very high magnetic field, as illustrated in this work, significantly enhances the potential for using the NMR crystallography approach to determine crystal structures of new MOFs and verify the structures of existing MOFs obtained from refining powder X‐ray diffraction data.
Temperature‐corrected proton density fat fraction estimation using chemical shift‐encoded MRI in phantoms
Authors: Navaratna Ruvini , Zhao Ruiyang , Colgan Timothy J. , Hu Houchun Harry , Bydder Mark , Yokoo Takeshi , Bashir Mustafa R. , Middleton Michael S. , Serai Suraj D. , Malyarenko Dariya , Chenevert Thomas , Smith Mark , Henderson Walter , Hamilton Gavin , Shu Yunhong , Sirlin Claude B. , Tkach Jean A. , Trout Andrew T. , Brittain Jean H. , Hernando Diego , Reeder Scott B. ,   the RSNA Quantitative Imaging Biomarker Alliance – Proton Density Fat Fraction Biomarker Committee
Published: February 2021

PurposeChemical shift‐encoded MRI (CSE‐MRI) is well‐established to quantify proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as a quantitative biomarker of hepatic steatosis. However, temperature is known to bias PDFF estimation in phantom studies. In this study, strategies were developed and evaluated to correct for the effects of temperature on PDFF estimation through simulations, temperature‐controlled experiments, and a multi‐center, multi‐vendor phantom study.Theory and MethodsA technical solution that assumes and automatically estimates a uniform, global temperature throughout the phantom is proposed. Computer simulations modeled the effect of temperature on PDFF estimation using magnitude‐, complex‐, and hybrid‐based CSE‐MRI methods. Phantom experiments were performed to assess the temperature correction on PDFF estimation at controlled phantom temperatures. To assess the temperature correction method on a larger scale, the proposed method was applied to data acquired as part of a nine‐site multi‐vendor phantom study and compared to temperature‐corrected PDFF estimation using an a priori guess for ambient room temperature.ResultsSimulations and temperature‐controlled experiments show that as temperature deviates further from the assumed temperature, PDFF bias increases. Using the proposed correction method and a reasonable a priori guess for ambient temperature, PDFF bias and variability were reduced using magnitude‐based CSE‐MRI, across MRI systems, field strengths, protocols, and varying phantom temperature. Complex and hybrid methods showed little PDFF bias and variability both before and after correction.ConclusionCorrection for temperature reduces temperature‐related PDFF bias and variability in phantoms across MRI vendors, sites, field strengths, and protocols for magnitude‐based CSE‐MRI, even without a priori information about the temperature.
Deep learning‐based T1‐enhanced selection of linear attenuation coefficients (DL‐TESLA) for PET/MR attenuation correction in dementia neuroimaging
Authors: Chen Yasheng , Ying Chunwei , Binkley Michael M. , Juttukonda Meher R. , Flores Shaney , Laforest Richard , Benzinger Tammie L. S. , An Hongyu 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe accuracy of existing PET/MR attenuation correction (AC) has been limited by a lack of correlation between MR signal and tissue electron density. Based on our finding that longitudinal relaxation rate, or R1, is associated with CT Hounsfield unit in bone and soft tissues in the brain, we propose a deep learning T1‐enhanced selection of linear attenuation coefficients (DL‐TESLA) method to incorporate quantitative R1 for PET/MR AC and evaluate its accuracy and longitudinal test–retest repeatability in brain PET/MR imaging.MethodsDL‐TESLA uses a 3D residual UNet (ResUNet) for pseudo‐CT (pCT) estimation. With a total of 174 participants, we compared PET AC accuracy of DL‐TESLA to 3 other methods adopting similar 3D ResUNet structures but using UTE , or Dixon, or T1‐MPRAGE as input. With images from 23 additional participants repeatedly scanned, the test–retest differences and within‐subject coefficient of variation of standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) were compared between PET images reconstructed using either DL‐TESLA or CT for AC.ResultsDL‐TESLA had (1) significantly lower mean absolute error in pCT, (2) the highest Dice coefficients in both bone and air, (3) significantly lower PET relative absolute error in whole brain and various brain regions, (4) the highest percentage of voxels with a PET relative error within both ±3% and ±5%, (5) similar to CT test–retest differences in SUVRs from the cerebrum and mean cortical (MC) region, and (6) similar to CT within‐subject coefficient of variation in cerebrum and MC.ConclusionDL‐TESLA demonstrates excellent PET/MR AC accuracy and test–retest repeatability.
Investigation of coseismic liquefaction‐induced ground deformation associated with the 2019 Mw 5.8 Mirpur, Pakistan, earthquake using near‐surface electrical resistivity tomography and geological data
Authors: Khan Muhammad Younis , Turab Syed Ali , Riaz Muhammad Shahid , Atekwana Estella A. , Muhammad Said , Butt Nabeel Afzal , Abbas Syed Mohsin , Zafar Waqar Ali , Ohenhen Leonard O. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTAn electrical resistivity tomography survey was conducted to assess the subsurface conditions associated with the coseismic liquefaction phenomenon in the epicentral region following the Mw 5.8 Mirpur earthquake (Pakistan) on 24 September 2019. The Mirpur earthquake produced extensive coseismic liquefaction‐induced surface deformations, including: sand blows, ground failure and lateral spreading along the Upper Jhelum Canal and in the nearby villages. Electrical resistivity data were acquired along three profiles and calibrated with available borehole data. The inverted electrical resistivity tomography profiles reveal three regional geoelectric layers, which consist of an upper 2–‐5‐m‐thick discontinuous zones of medium resistivity values ranging from 25 Ωm to 60 Ωm, underlain by a 7–8‐m‐thick zone of low resistivity (<10 Ωm) and a basal layer of high resistivity (> 100 Ωm). Based on geological and geophysical data, we infer that. (1) disrupted geoelectric layers in the shallow subsurface and spatially extended low electrical resistivity (<8 Ωm) layers document the elevated groundwater table due to sudden increase in pore‐water pressure triggered by the Mirpur earthquake. These lenses of high conductivity may represent potential hazards in the case of future earthquakes in the study area. (2) Fracture azimuths vary between 120° ± 15° and 335°–45° (subparallel and orthogonal to the strike of the Himalayan Frontal Thrust. (3) Common coseismic deformational features (e.g., sand blow and ground fracture) are located within the zone of maximum‐recorded ground shaking (intensity of VI) and underlain by Quaternary alluvial sediments. (4) Mega fractures (1.60 m wide and up to 187 m long) oriented parallel to the canal resulted from lateral spreading. We conclude that high resistivity structures extending from depth to the shallow subsurface resulted from either intrusion of air or eruption of sands from layer three. We suggest that high‐resolution geoelectrical imaging is a valuable complementary tool for evaluating the extent of subsurface liquefaction features and in understanding coseismic deformation during earthquakes, which can help with seismic hazard analysis and mitigation in seismically active regions.
A cationic alternating copolymer composed of ornithine and glycine with an ordered sequence for enhanced bacterial activity
Authors: Liu Fuqiang , Ma Nan , Liu Jun , Zhu Qiongqiong , Yue Ting , Ma Junhui , Wang Yuan , Qu Wei , Chu Paul K. , Tang Yan , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe chains and segments of unordered cationic polypeptides are complex and may produce unexpected biological activities. Herein, the Ugi's 4CC reaction is adopted to synthesize a cationic alternating copolymer comprising ornithine and glycine (poly(Orn‐alter‐Gly)) with an ordered sequence for enhanced bacterial resistance. In this technique, potassium isocyanate, 4‐(N‐carbobenzyloxyamino)‐1‐butyraldehyde and 1‐(4‐Methoxyphenyl)ethylamine react to produce MPE‐substituted poly(Orn‐alter‐Gly) in one step without using a catalyst and then poly(Orn‐alter‐Gly) is obtained by removing the N‐(1‐p‐methoxyphenethyl) (MPE) group. 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and automatic amino acid analysis confirm that ornithine and glycine are linked alternately in the poly(Orn‐alter‐Gly) chains. Both MPE‐substituted poly(Orn‐alter‐Gly) and poly(Orn‐alter‐Gly) have excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as excellent biocompatibility. The synthesis strategy and materials provide new information on how to obtain ordered sequence cationic polypeptides.
Waste plastics in asphalt concrete: A review
Authors: Grady Brian P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAmong possible applications for post‐consumer waste plastics, one criterion is that the application should be able to use very large amounts of material because the amount of plastic waste is so large. Another key issue is economics; very little cost should be involved in preparing waste plastics for a specific application. One of the few applications for post‐consumer waste plastics that could possibly meet both requirements is filler in asphalt concrete. Specifically, if waste plastics in asphalt concrete were ∼ 10 wt%, then this application alone could use all plastic waste currently being produced in the world. This review examines the progress that has been made to incorporate waste plastics into asphalt concrete and identifies key issues preventing this technology from being applied commercially.
The respiratory problems of patients with cerebral palsy requiring hospitalization: Reasons and solutions
Authors: Kürtül Çakar Meltem , Cinel Güzin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveRecurrent respiratory problems are common in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Detection of risk factors could prevent respiratory problems and reduce permanent lung damage. We aimed to provide a multidisciplinary approach for the causes, frequency, and concomitant problems and solutions of respiratory problems of these patients.MethodMedical records of CP patients who were followed‐up and treated due to respiratory problems requiring hospitalization were examined retrospectively, and factors affecting the frequency and duration of hospitalization in wards and in the intensive care unit (ICU) were evaluated.ResultsAmong 292 hospitalizations of 83 CP patients, 91% of them were hospitalized for pneumonia, and only 15.4% of them had major aspiration‐related pneumonia in the history. 97.4% of the hospitalized patients had swallowing dysfunction in detailed history, but videofluoroscopic swallowing studies could be performed only to 24 patients and aspiration had been demonstrated in 96%. Patients who had been hospitalized more than two times during the oral feeding period, before switching to artificial feeding (nasogastric tube, gastric tube +/− fundoplication), had higher total and ICU hospitalization frequency/duration than the patients who had been hospitalized twice or less (0.12 vs. 0.17/0.005106 vs. 0.005353).ConclusionThe most common pulmonary complication in patients with CP is pneumonia due to chronic aspiration. To prevent recurrent lung infections and consequently chronic respiratory failure, it is necessary to evaluate these patients in terms of feeding difficulties in the early period with appropriate methods and apply interventions before affecting the lung parenchyma.
Remaining service life prediction based on gray model and empirical Bayesian with applications to compressors and pumps
Authors: Li Xiaochuan , Mba David , Okoroigwe Edmund , Lin Tianran 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, a three‐step remaining service life (RSL) prediction method, which involves feature extraction, feature selection, and fusion and prognostics, is proposed for large‐scale rotating machinery in the presence of scarce failure data. In the feature extraction step, eight time‐domain degradation features are extracted from the faulty variables. A fitness function as a weighted linear combination of the monotonicity, robustness, correlation, and trendability metrics is defined and used to evaluate the suitability of the features for RSL prediction. The selected features are merged using a canonical variate residuals‐based method. In the prognostic step, gray model is used in combination with empirical Bayesian algorithm for RSL prediction in the presence of scarce failure data. The proposed approach is validated on failure data collected from an operational industrial centrifugal pump and a compressor.
About one method of stability investigation for nonlinear stochastic delay differential equations
Authors: Shaikhet Leonid 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStability of equilibria of a nonlinear delay differential equation is investigated under stochastic perturbations. The use of Stiltjes integrals allows to consider both discrete and distributed delays in the investigated equation. Obtained conditions of stability in probability are formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities. The proposed method of investigation can be applied to a number of very popular in research mathematical models such as Mackey–Glass model, neoclassical growth model and e‐commerce model, Nicholson's blowflies equation, mosquito and glassy‐winged sharpshooter populations, SIR epidemic model, social epidemic models, and many similar other mathematical models which can be considered as particular cases of the investigated nonlinear equation.
Phosphorus‐Doping‐Induced Optimization of Atomic Hydrogen Binding Energy in MoSe2 under High Coverage for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Zhang Long , Li Jiang , Yang Zehui , Sun Lan , Chen Guanjun , An Wangcong , Cheng Hanyue , Wang Hongbo , Wang Xingang , Chen Yongnan , Ma Fei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSelf‐standing two‐dimensional P‐doped molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) nanosheets were synthesized on carbon fiber paper (CFP) (P‐doped MoSe2/CFP) using a hydrothermal reaction followed by phosphorization and were subsequently used as a high‐efficiency hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalyst. Nanosheet aggregation was remarkably inhibited, and numerous active sites were exposed. The H adsorption and desorption capacities of MoSe2 were optimized by doping P atoms in the MoSe2 lattice. Electrochemical testing indicated that the overpotential (η50) required by P‐doped MoSe2/CFP was only 186 mV, which was much lower than that of the as‐prepared MoSe2/CFP (237 mV). The Tafel slope of P‐doped MoSe2/CFP was 54.3 mV ⋅ dec−1, which was remarkably lower than that of the as‐prepared MoSe2/CFP (79.8 mV ⋅ dec−1). The Gibbs energy of the H atoms adsorbed on P‐doped MoSe2 (ΔGH*) reached the lowest value (0.202 eV) when the hydrogen coverage (θH) was 75 %. For MoSe2, the lowest ΔGH* value was 0.296 eV when θH was 25 %. The adsorption and desorption of H atoms at the active sites of P‐doped MoSe2 occurred easier than at the active sites of MoSe2. Moreover, the P doping effect facilitated the formation of more Hads species during the Volmer reaction and substantially accelerated the kinetics of the HER.
Method for the Preparation of N‐protected β‐Cyano L‐alanine Tertiary Butyl Esters
Authors: Katuri Jashuva V. P. , Nagarajan Kuppuswamy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHere we report a simple, efficient and scalable one‐pot procedure for the synthesis of N‐protected β‐cyano L‐alanine tertiary butyl esters from N‐protected L‐asparagines. Reaction of N‐protected L‐asparagines with 2.2 equivalents of (Boc)2O and catalytic amount of N,N‐dimethylamino pyridine (DMAP) in tertiary butanol at room temperature resulted N‐protected β‐cyano L‐alanine tertiary butyl esters. We also synthesized N‐protected β‐cyano L‐alanines from the obtained crude N‐protected β‐cyano L‐alanine tertiary butyl esters without column chromatography on gram scale in good yields. Control experiments gave the corresponding nitrile acids over the tertiary butyl esters. Later, we synthesized nitrile containing dipeptides by coupling N‐Boc‐β‐cyano L‐alanine 4 a with amino acid methyl ester hydrochlorides.
Modified Carbon Nanotubes Decorated with ZIFs as New Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatography Platform for Enrichment of Phosphopeptides
Authors: Du Jianglong , Yan Yinghua , Tang Keqi , Ding Chuan‐Fan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractZIF‐8, as one of the most representative zeolite imidazolate frameworks, is rarely used for the enrichment of phosphopeptides due to its dissolution in acid solution. By introducing branched‐chain polyethyleneimine (PEI), we have overcome the acid‐intolerance shortcoming of ZIF‐8 and applied it for phosphopeptides enrichment. A material with magnetic carbon nanotube (mCNT) as substrate, polydopamine (PDA) as hydrophilic interlayer and PEI‐ZIF‐8 as functional groups (denoted as mCNT@PDA@PEI‐ZIF‐8) was prepared through a facile method. The obtained material exhibited excellent performance on phosphopeptides enrichment, including high sensitivity (0.5 fmol), outstanding selectivity (molar ratio of β‐casein: BSA=1 : 2000), reusability of at least 6 times and so on. The enrichment performance on complicated biological samples was also remarkable, 20 phosphopeptides were successfully detected from human saliva and 4 phosphopeptides from human serum, exhibiting its great potential and bright prospects in phosphopeptides enrichment.
Deposition of Extended Ordered Ultrathin Films of Au38(SC2H4Ph)24 Nanocluster using Langmuir–Blodgett Technique
Authors: Swierczewski Michal , Maroni Plinio , Chenneviere Alexis , Dadras Mohammad M. , Lee Lay‐Theng , Bürgi Thomas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLangmuir–Blodgett technique is utilized to deposit ultrathin films of Au38(SC2H4Ph)24 nanocluster onto solid surfaces such as mica and silicon. The morphologies of the films transferred at various surface pressures within the mono/bi/trilayer regime are studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The time spent on the water surface before the deposition has a decisive effect on the final ordering of nanoclusters within the network and is studied by fast AFM, X‐ray reflectivity, and grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering.
A novel strength prediction model of mortars with different types of cement and SCMs
Authors: Sun Bochao , Zhao Weijian , Cai Gaochuang , Noguchi Takafumi , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBased on fib Model Code 2010, a time‐dependent strength prediction model was improved by reconsidering the coefficient s for the cementitious materials with different types of cement and mix proportions. The relationship between s and mineral composition was investigated experimentally. The results indicate that the values of s show an approximately linear decreasing tendency with the C3S + C3A content in cement. An empirical function was proposed to describe the variation of s with different water‐to‐binder (W/b) ratio and different ratios of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and fly ash (FA) to the binder, GGBS/b and FA/b ratio. Based on regression analysis, the proposed function presented a correlation of the variation of s with W/b ratios and/or SCM/b ratios. Through the new modified strength prediction model, the predicted results of the compressive strengths of mortars were compared to the experimental results in this study and previous studies. The results show that the new model can provide an accurate evaluation of the early‐age strength development of cementitious materials.