bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcription of Genes Involved in Biomineralization in Two Mantle Morphs of Pearl Oyster, Pinctada Persica
Authors: Parvizi Fatemeh , Akbarzadeh Arash , Farhadi Ahmad , Arnaud-Haond Sophie , Ranjbar Mohammad Sharif 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A few species of mollusks display color variation in their soft tissues. In pearl oysters, the color polymorphism in mantle tissue is associated with the color and radiance of shell and pearl. The study of biomineralization related genes in mantle tissue of pearl oysters can be used as a suitable approach to better identify the molecular mechanisms that influence shell and pearl quality and color variations. In this study, we investigated the transcription of biomineralization-related genes in black and orange mantle morphotypes of pearl oyster, Pinctada persica in both warm and cool seasons using quantitative real-time PCR. Our results showed that the genes involved in biomineralization of the prismatic and nacre layer, i.e.; ASP, KRMP, MRNP34, SHELL, SHEM1B, LINKINE, PIF, SHEM5, NACREIN, and in pigmentation (TYR2A) were significantly highly expressed in orange phenotype compared to those of black one, suggesting the existence of different genetic processes between two color morphs of mantle tissue and the more active role of genes in orange morphotype. In black mantle phenotype, ASP, KRMP, SHEM5 and PIF and in the orange phenotype, only KRMP and PRISM showed difference in seasonal expression. This study provides an accurate understanding of the mantle trait of P. persica.
Significance of Plasma Circulating Endothelial Microparticles Combined with Von Willebrand Factor in Coronary Injury of Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Cheng Mingye , Chen Tao , Zhao Jianmei , Tang Zhiyuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:The greatest complication of Kawasaki disease (KD) is coronary artery injury, and the requirement for early diagnosis and treatment is paramount. Thus, markers of vascular endothelial injury are of important clinical significance. Methods:According to our diagnostic criteria, blood samples were collected from 43 patients with KD, who were then divided into coronary artery lesions (CALs) and non-CALs (NCALs) groups according to their Z-score. As the control group, an additional 26 blood samples were collected from healthy children. Flow cytometry (FCM) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to detect the expression levels of plasma endothelial microparticles (EMPs) and von Willebrand factor (vWF). Results:The expression levels of plasma CD31+/CD42b-EMPs, CD105+/CD54+EMPs, and vWF were higher in children with KD than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Also, the expression levels of CD31+/CD42b-EMPs, CD105+/CD54+EMPs and vWF in those in the CALs group at the acute and subacute stages were significantly higher than those in the NCALs group (P<0.05). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of CD31+/CD42b-EMPs combined with vWF was 0.896, which indicates a higher diagnostic value in predicting CALs in children with KD. Conclusions:In our study, expression levels of EMPs and vWFare expected to used for early diagnosis, and which are associated with coronary artery injury in KD.
Phenotypic Characterization of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase, Class C Cephalosporinase and Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella Species Isolated from Patients Consulted at Four Yaounde-Based Hospitals.
Authors: Mbamyah Emilia Enjema Lyonga , Kumcho Mangum Patience , Toukam Michel , Sedena Dieudonné , Enyeji Florence Anjabie , Teukam Aime-Caesar , Djuissi Modestine , Mesembe Martha Tongo , Ikomey George Mondinde , Betbeui Anicette Chafa , Baiye William , Eyoh Agnes Bedie , Gonsu Hortense Kamga 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Klebsiella spp. are bacteria of medical importance for their role in opportunistic infections. These infections are often difficult to treat because of acquired resistance to one or several families of antimicrobials. The present study aimed at detecting Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL), Class C cephalosporinase (AmpC) and carbapenemase resistant phenotypes of Klebsiella spp. isolated from patients consulted at four Yaounde-based hospitals. Results: The frequency of the species isolated was Klebsiella pneumoniae (69%), K. oxytoca (14%), K. ozaenae (12%) and K. rhinoscleromatis (5%). Isolates were most resistant to penicillins (90%), sulphonamides (84%), cepaholosporins (80%), and least resistant to carbapenems (10.2%). Three isolates namely: two K. oxytoca and one K. pneumoniae were resistant to all twenty-eight (28) antibiotics tested. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the species with the most multidrug resistant isolates (59.4%). Most isolates (83.6%) expressed at least one resistance phenotype, while 63.6% of the isolates expressed all three phenotypes. Many of the isolates were ESBL producers (71.6%), while fewer isolates were carbapenemase (26.7%) and AmpC (6.6%) producers. Three carbapenemases (Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-KPC, Metallo-Beta Lactamase-MBL and OXA-48) were detected from 26.7% of the isolates and the combination KPC and MBL were the most detected phenotypes (12.9%). Conclusion: These results reveal that resistance of Klebsiella spp. to cephalosporins is high and this may be exacerbated as a result of the co-expression of AmpC and carbapenemases. About a quarter of the isolates had acquired carbapenemases that confer resistance to all beta-lactamases and carbapenems which constitute last line drugs. The resistance burden is further strengthened in isolates that acquired more than one carbapenemase aggravating associated patient morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is necessary to continue monitoring antimicrobial resistance of local strains for better informed decisions on empirical treatment guide and better patient care.
Association Among B Lymphocyte Subset and Rheumatoid Arthritis in A Chinese Population
Authors: You Haiyan , Cheng Mengwei , Ma Cui , Zheng Wenjuan , Jiang Yu , Chen Di , Tang Yu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and aim:
Autoantibody production are the main risk factors for inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate differences in B lymphocyte subsets (native B, memory B, and plasmablasts) and several cytokines in RA patients and their correlation with the clinical parameters.
Methods
In total, 81 RA patients (active RA and inactive RA) and 40 healthy subjects were recruited between September 2018 and October 2020. The distribution of B lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood samples was measured via flow cytometry and the plasma cytokines were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the value of each index for RA diagnosis and activity prediction.
Results
The percentages of native B and memory B cells in RA patients did not differ significantly from the percentages of those in healthy controls. However, the percentage of plasmablasts in active RA patients was significantly higher compared with healthy subjects and inactive RA patients. The percentage of plasmablasts was significantly related to C reaction protein. ROC curve analysis showed that when the best cutoff value of plasmablasts/B cell was 1.08%, the area under the curve (AUC) for diagnosing APN was 0.831 (95% CI 0.748ཞ0.915), the specificity was 91.4%, and the sensitivity was 67.5%.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the percentage of plasmablast varies among RA patients in different stages. The percentage of plasmablasts can be used as an early diagnosis marker for RA.
Sex Disparities in Thyroid Cancer: A SEER Population Study
Authors: Li Peng , Ding Ying , Liu Mengyuan , Wang Wenlong , Li Xinying 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer vary according to race and sex. Male and female thyroid cancer patients are also given differences in some clinical characteristics, such as tumor size and distant metastasis. However, whether there are sex differences in the prognosis of thyroid cancer remains controversial. Therefore, the present study is intended to explore the relationship between sex and prognosis of patients with thyroid cancer and to provide guidelines for the treatment and management of thyroid cancer patients.Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with pathologically proven thyroid cancer from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. The sex disparities in the prognosis of different cohorts derived by propensity score matching was investigated using Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan–Meier functions. Results: Among 41,270 female and 13,188 male with thyroid cancer, sex was an independent prognostic factor for overall (OS) and cancer-specific (CSS) survival (HR=1.632, 95%CI=1.499-1.777, P<0.001; HR= 1.473, 95% CI= 1.245-1.741, P<0.001). Male developed a larger tumor size (17.44 vs. 23.51cm) and had a larger proportion of metastasis (lymph nodes: 33.2 vs. 21.0%; distant: 2.3 vs. 0.9%), through female had a higher incidence and were diagnosed with thyroid cancer at an earlier age (47.98 vs. 52.45 years old). Survival month of male patients was significantly lower than that of female patients (72.39 vs. 76.8 months). In Kaplan-Meier analyses of cohorts derived by propensity score matching, OS and CSS declined more sharply for male (P<0.01). The mean number (2.0 vs 4.0) and mean ratio (0.192 vs 0.297) of positive nodes supported that male patients have a worse prognosis. Factors including race, age, surgery, histology recode, T, N, M stage and combined summary stage affected the CSS of male and female, plus median income had an extra impact in male (≥$55000 versus <$55,000: HR= 0.739, 95% CI= 0.574-0.953, P= 0.020).Conclusion: Thyroid cancer is a tumor with a female prevalence but a male bias in poor prognosis. Sex was an independent prognostic factor for OS and CSS. Other factors including race, age, income, histological type, surgery, T, N, M stage influenced OS of male and female with thyroid cancer. But race had no impact on CSS of thyroid cancer patients and median income only affected male CSS.
Biological features between miRNA and their targets are unveiled from deep learning models
Authors: Gu Tongjun , Xie Mingyi , Barbazuk W. Brad , Lee Ji-Hyun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22 nucleotide ubiquitous gene regulators. They modulate a broad range of essential cellular processes linked to human health and diseases. Consequently, identifying miRNA targets and understanding how they function are critical for treating miRNA associated diseases. In our earlier work, we developed a hybrid deep learning-based approach (miTAR) for predicting miRNA targets at significantly higher accuracy compared to existing methods. It integrates two major types of deep learning algorithms: convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs). However, the features in miRNA:target interactions learned by miTAR have not been investigated. In the current study, we demonstrated that miTAR captures known features, including the involvement of seed region and the free energy, as well as multiple novel features, in the miRNA:target interactions. Interestingly, the CNN and RNN layers of the model behave differently at capturing the free energy feature: the feature captured by the CNN layer units, but not the RNN layer units, is overlapped within and across feature maps. Although deep learning models are commonly thought “black-boxes”, our discoveries support that the biological features in miRNA:target can be unveiled from deep learning models, which will be beneficial to the understanding of the mechanisms in miRNA:target interactions.
Image Preprocessing and Filtering Effect on the Estimate of Myocardial Radiomic Features From T1 and T2 Mapping in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Marfisi Daniela , Tessa Carlo , Marzi Chiara , Meglio Jacopo Del , Linsalata Stefania , Borgheresi Rita , Lilli Alessio , Lazzarini Riccardo , Salvatori Luca , Vignali Claudio , Barucci Andrea , Mascalchi Mario , Casolo Giancarlo , Diciotti Stefano , Traino Antonio Claudio , Giannelli Marco 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Radiomics is emerging as a promising and useful tool in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging applications. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the effect of image preprocessing and filtering on radiomic features estimation from quantitative CMR T1 and T2 mapping. Specifically, T1 and T2 maps of 26 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) were used to estimate 98 radiomic features for 7 different resampling voxel sizes (at fixed bin width), 9 different bin widths (at fixed resampling voxel size), and 7 different spatial filters (at fixed resampling voxel size/bin width). While we found a remarkable dependence of myocardial radiomic features from T1 and T2 mapping on image filters, many radiomic features showed a limited sensitivity to resampling voxel size/bin width, in terms of intraclass correlation coefficient (>0.75) and coefficient of variation (<30%). The estimate of several textural radiomic features showed a linear significant (p<0.05) correlation with resampling voxel size/bin width. Overall, radiomic features from T2 maps have proven to be less sensitive to image preprocessing than those from T1 maps, especially when varying bin width. Our results might corroborate the potential of radiomics from T1/T2 mapping in HCM and hopefully in other myocardial diseases.
Evaluation of the Reliability of Lower Extremity Alignment Measurements Using EOS Imaging System While Standing in an Even Weight-Bearing Posture
Authors: Cho Byung Woo , Lee Tae-Ho , Kim Sungjun , Choi Chong-Hyuk , Jung Min , Lee Koo Yeon , Kim Sung-Hwan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the reproducibility and reliability of the alignment parameters measured using the EOS image system in both limbs while standing with an even weight-bearing posture.Methods: Overall, 104 lower extremities in 52 patients were analyzed retrospectively. The patients stood with an even load over both lower extremities then rotated 15° in both directions. Two EOS images were acquired and 104 pairs of lower extremities were compared according to the position of the indexed lower extremities. Then, the inter-observer reliability of the EOS system and the inter-modality reliability between EOS and computed tomography (CT) were evaluated.Results: Femoro-tibial rotation (FTR) and tibial torsion demonstrated a significant difference between the anterior and posterior positions of the indexed lower extremity. All values except for FTR and tibial torsion demonstrated good or very good reliability. In the anterior position, FTR demonstrated moderate, and tibial torsion demonstrated poor reliability. In the posterior position, both FTR and tibial torsion demonstrated poor reliability. In the reliability analysis between the three-dimensional (3D) EOS model and 3D CT images, all measurements of the femur demonstrated very good reliability, but measurements of the tibia did not.Conclusions: For the coronal and sagittal alignment parameters measured by the EOS 3D system with rotated standing posture, except for the measurement including tibial torsion., there were no significant difference for either position of the indexed extremities with high agreement between the observers as well as with the CT 3D model.
Patient Specific Finite Element Modeling of Shoulder Implant Based on CT scan: The Concept of Modelling Explained
Authors: György Kocsis , Henap Gabor 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The following work introduces a method to carry out patient specific implant design based on computer tomography (CT) imaging technique. Point cloud bone model and the solid model creation process is described in detail. Using the radiodensity level of the CT-scan the continuous distribution of the elastic properties of the bone is also been recorded and used for the material model of the finite element procedure. For this purpose, a continuous mass density – elastic modulus curve is suggested, based on previous results in the literature. Stress shielding poses a serious issue regarding the survival of an implant. Strain energy density (SED) is a good indicator of the effects that drive the remodeling. Based on local SED difference caused by the implant this phenomenon can be quantified and visualized. This makes it possible to classify or redesign the implant in order to minimize the potential bone loss caused by the altered stress state.
The Expression of Serum Ferritin and Its Clinical Predictive Value in Patients With Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome
Authors: Hu Haifeng , Wang Pingzhong , Lian Jianqi , Wang Xiaoyan , Li Jing , Zhan Jiayi , Du Hong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
As a natural focus disease characterized by systemic immunopathological injury, there is a considerable diversity and heterogeneity in clinical course and prognosis of the patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Therefore, the importance of early prediction and prognostic evaluation of severe patients in reducing mortality is self-evident. In this study, we detected the expression of serum ferritin and investigated its role on disease severity assessment and prognosis prediction in HFRS patients. The levels of serum ferritin in acute phase were higher than that of healthy controls and in convalescent phase of the same type, and gradually increased with the aggravation of the disease, which showed highest expression in the critical-type patients. Serum ferritin demonstrated significant correlations with conventional laboratory parameters (WBC, PLT, AST, ALB, APTT, Fib) and the length of hospital stay. High levels of ferritin were significantly associated with the death of HFRS, with a hazard ratio of 4.12. Serum ferritin showed a comparable predictive efficacy for the prognosis (death) of HFRS with that of conventional laboratory parameters, which with the AUC of 0.860 (95%CI: 0.782 ~ 0.938, P < 0.001). These results indicated that the detection of serum ferritin might be beneficial to early prediction and prognosis evaluation in severe HFRS patients and which is worthy of clinical application.
Plant Stem Tissue Modeling and Parameter Identification using Meta-heuristic Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Ghoneim Mohamed S. , Ismail Samar I. , Said Lobna A. , Eltawil Ahmed M. , Radwan Ahmed G. , Madian Ahmed H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Bio-impedance non-invasive measurement techniques usage is rapidly increasing in the agriculture industry. These measured impedance variations reflect tacit biochemical and biophysical changes of living and non-living tissues. Bio-impedance circuit modeling is an effective solution used in biology and medicine to fit the measured impedance. This paper proposes two new fractional-order bio-impedance plant stem models. These new models are compared among three commonly used bio-impedance fractional-order circuit models in plant modeling (Cole, Double Cole, FO Double-shell). The two proposed models represent the characterization of the biological cellular morphology of the plant stem through a non-invasive method. Experiments are conducted on two samples of three different medical plant species under the family Lamiaceae, and each sample is measured at two inter-electrode spacing distances. Bio-impedance measurements are done using an electrochemical station (SP150) in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 100 kHz. All employed models are compared by fitting the measured data to find the most suitable circuit model that models the plant stem. The proposed models give the best results in all inter-electrode spacing distances. Four different meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are used in the fitting process to extract all models parameter and find the best optimization algorithm in the bio-impedance problems.
Large Voltage-Induced Coercivity Change in Pt/Co/CoO/Amorphous TiOx Structure and Heavy Metal Insertion Effect
Authors: Nozaki Tomohiro , Tamaru Shingo , Konoto Makoto , Nozaki Takayuki , Kubota Hitoshi , Fukushima Akio , Yuasa Shinji 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
There is urgent need for spintronics materials exhibiting a large voltage modulation effect to fulfill the great demand for high-speed, low-power-consumption information processing systems. Fcc-Co (111)-based systems are a promising option for research on the voltage effect, on account of their large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and high degree of freedom in structure. Aiming to observe a large voltage effect in a fcc-Co (111)-based system at room temperature, we investigated the voltage-induced coercivity (Hc) change of a perpendicularly magnetized Pt/heavy metal/Co/CoO/amorphous TiOx structure. The thin CoO layer in the structure was the result of the surface oxidation of Co. We observed a large voltage-induced Hc change of 20.2 mT by applying 2 V (0.32 V/nm) to a sample without heavy metal insertion, and an Hc change of 15.4 mT by applying 1.8 V (0.29 V/nm) to an Ir-inserted sample. The relative thick Co thickness, Co surface oxidation, and large dielectric constant of TiOx layer could be related to the large voltage-induced Hc change. Furthermore, we demonstrated the separate adjustment of Hc and a voltage-induced Hc change by utilizing both upper and lower interfaces of Co.
Effect of tobacco smoke on the growth, biochemical composition, and biodiesel characteristics of two Chlamydomonas strains
Authors: Barati Bahram , Zafar Fatemeh Fazeli , Wang Shuang , Abomohra Abd El-Fatah 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Microalgae has been known as one of the efficient biological carbon dioxide (CO2) sequesters. In recent years, they have been applied to improve the air quality by reducing CO2 concentration and boosting oxygen (O2) level, and have the ability to tolerate diverse toxic elements in the air. The current study investigates the effect of tobacco smoke on the growth, biochemical, and biodiesel characteristics of two Chlamydomonas strains. For this purpose, strains were exposed to seven days of tobacco smoke by burning one cigarette per hour in a closed box containing the air supply. CHL-2220 continued its proliferation without demonstrating any inhibition, while the growth of the other strain (CHL-2221) was inhibited severely. Tobacco smoke significantly altered the biochemical composition of CHL-2221, and caused the accumulation of more carotenoids and carbohydrates as part of the stress response. The analyzed biodiesel parameters presented poor quality from the extracted lipid of both strains. However, the fatty acid profile of the studied strain demonstrated their promising application as nutrient food supplements and feed for animals.
T Ransradial Peripheral Vascular Intervention Using Fowler’s Position and Terumo R2P System for Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Nakamura Akihiro , Sato Kenjiro , Endo Hideaki 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPositioning a patient on the catheterization table is important for proper cardiac or respiratory function during peripheral vascular interventions (PVIs). Fowler’s position, where the patient’s head is a 45-degree angle, is more effective in reducing venous blood volume returning to the heart from the periphery compared to the supine position. The Terumo R2P® system has been developed for transradial PVI.Case presentationTwo patients with heart failure (HF) underwent lower-extremity PVI in Fowler’s position to prevent worsening HF. Because their head position was opposite the C-arm of the X-ray machine, the left radial artery was selected as the access site. The Terumo R2P® system was used for transradial PVI. We successfully treated superficial artery diseases with long shaft balloons and rapid-exchange Terumo R2P® Misago® stents. ConclusionsAlthough lower-extremity PVI using Fowler’s position and the Terumo R2P® system has several limitations, including device availability and technical complexity, it may be effective for particular patients who have higher risk of worsening HF in the supine position.