bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Potentiation of Mossy Fiber Feedforward Inhibition of CA3 Pyramidal Cells Maintains E/I Balance in Epilepsy Model
Authors: Pan Enhui , Puranam Ram S. , McNamara James O. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInsight into the cellular and circuit mechanisms underlying development of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) will provide a foundation for improved therapies. We studied a model in which an episode of prolonged seizures is followed by recovery lasting two weeks before emergence of spontaneous recurrent seizures. We focused on the interval between the prolonged seizures and the late onset recurrent seizures. We investigated the hippocampal mossy fiber CA3 pyramidal cell microcircuit in models spanningin vitro,in vivo, andex vivopreparations. Expression of channelrhodopsin-2 in the dentate granule cells ofDGC ChRmice enabled the selective activation of mossy fiber axons.In vivostudies revealed marked potentiation of mossy fiber evoked field potentials in hippocampal CA3 beginning within hours following seizures, a potentiation which persisted at least 7 d. Stimulation of mossy fibers in hippocampal slicesin vitrousing patterns of activity mimicking seizures induced LTP not only of the monosynaptic EPSC but also of the disynaptic IPSC of CA3 pyramidal cells.Ex vivostudies of slices isolated following seizures revealed evidence of LTP of mossy fiber evoked EPSC and disynaptic IPSC of CA3 pyramidal cells. We suggest that activation of dentate granule cells during seizures induces these plasticitiesin vivoand the retained balance of synaptic excitation and inhibition limits excessive activation of CA3 pyramidal cells, thereby protecting animals from spontaneous recurrent seizures at this interval following status epilepticus.
Peace Agreements as International Legal Acts Protecting National Minorities: The Scope Ratione Personae
Authors: Czepek Vita , Karska Elżbieta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe issue of the protection of national minorities is regulated by acts of international law, frequently arising from international agreements that have been concluded to end armed conflicts or to regulate directly their consequences. Peace treaties concluded between states are governed by the rules set out in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. More and more peace agreements are, however, concluded by non-state actors. As indicated in Article 3 of the Convention, it cannot be excluded that these too would be international agreements, having effects in the sphere of international law. Such acts are concluded, inter alia, by insurgents or belligerents. In some cases, agreements ending non-international armed conflicts are concluded by domestic entities that are not subjects of international law. Such acts may reflect solutions that have been adopted as standards in international practice and in the provisions of international law. These do not necessarily have to be legally binding standards. They can also be framework solutions, including measures relating to the protection of national minorities, which are formulated and offered as proposals for specific regulations.
Collections of Hungarian Folk Literature from the 19th Century and Their Canonisation
Authors: Szakál Anna 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the first half of the present article, I review collections of folk literature which include 19th-century folktales, placing a special emphasis on trying to establish the extent to which these texts and the associated collectors have been studied, explored, and published.
1
Next, I demonstrate which of the texts in question may be considered as part of the canon
2
of folk literature that emerged in the latter third of the 19th century, which works and authors defined the approaches that were considered relevant, and what the selection criteria for canonisation were. Alongside the interpretative canon, I shall also attempt to record the textual canon and its changes – to capture the act by which certain texts were clearly excluded from the canon while others were included by the individuals who wished to create or modify the canon. I would also like to show how the image of 19th-century collectors and collections created in the second half of the century became gradually transformed during the 20th century, and how these changes affected the place the collections in question occupy in folkloristics in general.
Introductory article for Special issue: Conceptions of early childhood and institutions in a global context
Authors: Endrődy Orsolya , Rahmatullah Bahbibi , Lénárt István 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The recognition of the importance of early childhood education (ECE) has been growing continuously in recent years. Early childhood institutions are where professional pedagogy and child-rearing practices meet first in someones' life (Tobin et al., 2009), it has great significance in education. Acknowledgement of the existence of the needs of young children's education is evident, however, we have limited chances to compare different education systems outside of Europe and the United States. Realizing this situation, we came to the conclusion that it is highly necessary and required to publish such an analytical issue in the Hungarian Education Research Journal. Teacher's views and their narratives of childhood are relevant if we aim to understand the fundamental differences of ECE institutions in any region or country. In our present investigation we collected data from Hungary, Laos and Malaysia in order to acquire greater knowledge on the conceptions of early childhood in the three countries. We assumed however that the teachers' qualification and the early childcare system is diverse, yet we have found similarities among the teachers' perception.
The dilemma of instructional language in education: The case of Ghana
Authors: Appiah Samuel Opoku , Ardila Alfredo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAccording to Victor Hugo (1802–1885), “He who opens a school door, closes a prison”. This powerful statement demonstrates the importance of school in the development of a nation and the lives of individuals. It has been proven that the language used in early childhood education has an impact on the cognitive development and learning achievement of children in their educational arena.Most countries in Africa are still discussing the language to be used as a medium of instruction in their educational system.Ghana, which is known as a multilingual society with over 80 languages is not excluded from this controversy. The language policy of education in Ghana has had a complex history since the colonial era. The question of international schools in Ghana is critically examined; most of these schools do not teach any of the Ghanaian languages, but a foreign language.Ghana, however, has been a strong advocate of the so-called African personality and the use of English as the medium of instruction is in overt opposition to this ideology. The argument about which language to be used as a medium of instruction in Ghanaian Schools has been going on for a long time without coming to a specific conclusion.
Physico-Chemical Characterization of a New Developed Product - â€œEnergizing Jelliesâ€
Authors: RACOLÅ¢A Emil , TOFANÄ‚ Maria , SOCACI Sonia , MUREȘAN Crina , IUONAȘ Lucian , Å¢ICREA Livia , MUREȘAN Vlad 
Published: December 2021

Active people energy demands are usually fulfilled by the consumption of confectionery products. However, even if confectionery products are well known as having high energy content, in the case of hard activities, some energy supplements comprising vitamins (especially from B group) and CNS stimulants (caffeine, taurine) are necessary. The present work aimed to characterize a new developed product â€œEnergizing Jelliesâ€ which combine the high energy content of jellies type products with the properties and flavors of energy drinks. During this work it was determined the â€œEnergizing jelliesâ€ general chemical composition in terms of moisture, acidity, total and reducing sugar. The caffeine content of the premix used, syrup and jelly was also assessed. Moreover it was performed a comparison between the premix used and the final product related to volatile compounds as well as antioxidant capacity.Â The new jelly is intended for active people, being a product easy to eat which can be consumed in small portions.
Response of Azospirillum Brasilense Bacteria to the Types and Concentrations of Different Salts
Authors: SUHAIL Faris Mohammed , MAHDI Imad Adnan 
Published: December 2021

Carried out Two experiments laboratory in the Department of Horticulture - College of Agriculture Diyala University in 2011 to study the effect of salinity on the growth Azospirillum brasilense bacteria, as it included the first experiment salinisation of soil salt levels different (1.8,4 ,6 ,8 and 10) ds.m-1 for periods to incubation different (4, 8, 12 and 16) days, the results showed increasing levels of salinity caused a reduction significantly the numbers of bacteria. affected the periods of incubation affected significantly in the numbers of cells of bacteria. Gave period incubation (16) days on highest values for the numbers of bacterial cells. Was a significant effect of interaction in the numbers of bacterial cells, as it reached the highest numbers at the level of salinity (1.8) ds.m-1 and at period incubation (16)
days and gave the level (10) ds.m-1 at period incubation (8) days lower the values
Second experiment studied the effect of five salts ( NaCl , Na2So4 , MgCl2.6H2o , MgSo4.7H2o and CaCl2.2H2o ), with six concentrations (0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16 and 0.20) Mole.L-1 on the numbers bacterial cells Azospirillum brasilense, the results showed that increasing the level of salt reduced the numbers of bacteria cells a significant decrease irrespective of the type of salt. Mgcl2 salt gave the highest numbers irrespective of the level of salt and not significant differences for salt (MgSo4 , CaCl2 ), while the salt gave ( NaCl2 ) lower the values followed by salt (Na2 So4 ). That increasing levels of salinity affected significantly reduce the numbers of bacteria and all types of salts studied, as the salt (NaCl2 ) and at (0.16) Mole.L-1 did not record any growth of bacteria, and salt (Na2 So4) did not record any growth at (0.20) ds.m-1, recorded salt (MgSo4 ) at (0.04) Mole.L-1 higher values for the numbers of bacteria.
Impact Organic Products from Sheep's Milk on Human Health Compared to Conventional
Authors: MUNTEAN Doina 
Published: December 2021

Eating habits in Sibiu area are fairly stable, the population of the area is conservative on traditional culinary habits. This paper addresses aspects of the impact of organic sheep's milk on human health by comparison with conventional products.
The study was conducted on the sheep's milk coming from farms in Sibiu Surroundings Valea Hârtibaciului, and on products derived from milk to processors in these areas that deal with promotion and marketing of cheese "Telemeaua din Marginimea Sibiului".
Presented aspects of the concept of organic products both producers and consumers. Analysis were performed to determine antibiotic residues and products mentioned.
Exploring biofertilizer potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus clausii strain B8 (MT305787) on Brassica napus and Medicago sativa
Authors: OULEBSIR-MOHANDKACI Hakima , BENZINA-TIHAR Farida , HADJOUTI Rima 
Published: December 2021

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) are soil bacteria that can stimulate plant growth by supplying substances that are usually in limited quantities in the soil especially phosphorous, nitrogen and growth hormone such as indole acetic acid (AIA). These bacteria can also slow the growth of plant pathogens through the production of several antimicrobial metabolites. To investigate the role of rhizobacteria as a biostimulant agent a novel bacterium B8, isolated from the rhizospheric soil of medlar (Mespilus germanica L.- Family Rosaceae), was evaluated on Brassica napus and Medicago sativa. In addition to the classical methods of identification (physiological and biochemical tests), B8 was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Bacillus clausii. The ability of the strain to produce lytic enzymes such as cellulases, chitinases, pectinases, and phospholipases was studied. Furthermore, the strain B8 was tested for the capability to produce plant growth metabolites like phosphatases and phytases in order to solubilize inorganic phosphate and production of siderophores, cyanhydric acid (HCN) and indole-3-acetic acid. The strain was able to produce lytic enzymes, with an intense production of siderophores and to solubilize inorganic phosphate. Result of in vivo experiments indicated that the application of B8 at 107 CFU/mL, improved markedly the germination rate of rapeseed, whereas alfalfa seeds treated with the same strain showed a lower germination rate than the controls. The vegetative growth parameters; Roots length, lateral roots number, stem length, number of leaves, diameters of stems and plant weight were significantly improved. We also noted capacity of bacteria to colonize root systems of both plants B. napus and M. sativa in one week of inoculation. The overall results of this study showed that B clausii B8 has a great potential to be commercialized as a biostimulant agent and provide promising new option for sustainable agriculture.
Role of conventional and molecular techniques in soybean yield and quality improvement: A critical review
Authors: YUHONG Gai , RASHEED Adnan , ZHOU Zhao , GARDINER John J. , ILYAS Muhammad , AKRAM Muhammad , PIWU Wang , GILLANI Syed F.G. , BATOOL Maria , JIAN Wei 
Published: December 2021

The soybean is one of the most significant legume crops around the globe and serves as a source of dietary components for humans and animals. It has a higher percentage of protein compared to any other crop. Soybean yield and quality have been affected by many environmental factors. The genetic mechanism of yield and quality is still not clearly understood. Hence there is still a need to investigate the major potent factors to shed light on the mechanism behind yield and quality traits in soybean. Recently, a lot of significant work, including novel QTL, genes, and CRISPR-based genome editing in soybeans, has been done, which opened new doors of hope. The current review has presented detailed work done previously. We have also discussed the role of different breeding techniques in the conventional way of soybean improvement. The genetic factors regulating yield, quality, and disease resistance could be further cloned and transferred into elite cultivars to attain higher output in the current situation of changing environment. The integrated use of several techniques, like CRISPR/Cas9, next-generation sequencing, omics approaches, would be a fruitful way to improve soybean yield and quality. Besides this, hybridization, mass selection, pure line selection, backcross breeding, and pedigree selection should be adopted to develop novel soybean cultivars. This review concluded that soybean yield and quality improvement could be enhanced by exploring its genetic mechanism using several molecular and conventional methods.
Fijaciones visuales y caracteres: incidencias en la comprensión de textos expositivos
Authors: Padilla-Berdugo Rodolfo Antonio , Amador-López Jorge Alberto , Olivo-Franco José Luis 
Published: December 2021

Por lo general, el profesorado se centra en promover la criticidad y trata, a toda costa, desarrollar procesos de intertextualidad en el estudiantado, dejando de lado los otros niveles indispensables para conseguir el producto final. En este sentido, es vital tener presente que el orden de los factores, en este caso, si alteraría el resultado, ya que velis nolis se debe llevar un ciclo y unos procedimientos específicos para lograr los objetivos trazados con antelación. Por este motivo, es necesario demostrar que las lecturas por menos y encima de lo esperado conforme a unos caracteres y cantidad de fijaciones inciden en la comprensión textual. Por otra parte, en esta investigación se aplicó un diseño transformativo secuencial con enfoque mixto, se seleccionó una muestra de 80 estudiantes de nivel secundario de una institución educativa privada del municipio de Galapa-Colombia, quienes realizaron una lectura de tres textos relacionados con el electromagnetismo en la pantalla del Eye tracker T.120 y con el uso del software Tobii.3.4.6. Los resultados permiten confrontar desde la práctica docente distintas posturas sobre la incursión de estas variables en los procesos lectores. Finalmente, se concluye que las fijaciones visuales cumplen un rol principal para la comprensión de un texto y, por consiguiente, se plantea como prospectiva el diseño de una propuesta didáctica que tome como referente la ciencia y la imagen para buscar la comprensión adecuada por parte del lector.
War in Ippeisotsu’s by Katai Tayama
Authors: Ramadhani Ahmad Fikri , Purba Esther Risma 
Published: December 2021

The main objective of this research is to analyze the binary opposition contained in Ippeisotsu’s short story to reveal hidden meanings and provide new meanings about the Japan-Russia war of 1904-1905 by using the Jacques Derrida’s deconstructive reading method. This study also connects the context outside the text, namely the historical context to find the position of the work in the midst of the war situation in 1908. Therefore, Michel Foucault’s theory of power regarding discourse is used to see how the discourse related to war, the image of the ideal army, the doctrine of state defense and obedience to the emperor was constructed. Deconstructive reading method will be used to deconstruct the binary opposition found and then describe it by using qualitative descriptive method. The result of this study is there are six binary oppositions found in Ippeisotsu’s short story. These six binary oppositions are used to reveal hidden meanings and to give new meaning to the Japan-Russia war of 1904-1905. The six binary oppositions found are superior (Japan) and inferior (China), leader and follower, subject of command and object of command, brave soldier and fearful soldier, physically strong soldier and physically weak soldier, and the last is the battlefield and civilian life. If this binary opposition is related to aspects outside the text, namely connecting literary works with wartime situations, then the result of the meaning that is revealed in Ippeisotsu’s short story is a critique of the Japan-Russia war.
Agrupación entre cooperativas en México a través de sus leyes
Authors: Izquierdo Muciño Martha E. 
Published: December 2021

La historia de nuestro país refleja claramente la historia de las cooperativas en México. Desde sus inicios en el México independiente el movimiento cooperativo ha tenido altas y bajas, apoyado mayor o menormente por nuestros gobiernos, sin embargo, actualmente con la entrada en vigor del modelo neoliberal se observa un abandono del cooperativismo por no ser compatible con ese modelo y aun cuando la legislación cooperativa se ha modificado especialmente en el rubro de los organismos cooperativos, el cooperativismo en México se encuentra estancado.
Recibido: 19 mayo 2021Aceptado: 23 septiembre 2021
Educación Financiera: Origen, análisis y evolución de las aportaciones científicas utilizando técnicas bibliométricas en la Web of Science
Authors: Lamadrid Bazán Jorge E. , De la Torre Torres Oscar V. , Alfaro-Calderón Gerardo G. 
Published: December 2021

El desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías de la información, así como el perfil de las nuevas generaciones, han incentivado a las instituciones financieras a buscar una mayor inclusión de sus productos y servicios en gran parte de la población del mundo. Debido a lo anterior, se observa un incremento en el interés de tener una sociedad con mayor cultura financiera que le permita tomar mejores decisiones en su economía particular. El creciente interés del ámbito de la educación financiera se observa también en la comunidad científica. El presente trabajo se enfoca en la búsqueda de la literatura científica relacionada a la educación financiera entre los años 1990-2018. Se utilizan técnicas bibliométricas y la base de datos científica de Web of Science como fuente de información. El objetivo es analizar la información encontrada, y visualizar la evolución del concepto, el número de publicaciones, la estructura de citas, las revistas más influyentes, los autores, universidades y países con mayor actividad en este tema. Los resultados arrojan total de 2134 artículos, se observa que la mayor producción va del año 2016 al 2018. La revista Economic of Education Review tiene el mayor número de publicaciones y citas. La Institución con más investigaciones es la National Bureau of Economic Research y finalmente se destaca a los Estados Unidos de América por su importante actividad en el área. A partir del surgimiento de nuevas variables en las estructuras financieras, la educación en este tópico seguirá presentando nuevas rutas por explorar por parte de la comunidad científica al servicio de la sociedad. Códigos JEL: G21, G28, G38, L26 Recibido: 03/07/2020. Aceptado: 21/09/2021. Publicado: 01/12/2021.
Strategi Public Relations Mtsn (Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri) 3 Pamekasan Dalam Peningkatan Capacity Building
Authors: Putri Elok Hidayah 
Published: December 2021

Abstrak:
Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri (MTsN) 3 Pamekasan merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan yang tetap eksis di Pulau Madura. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan banyaknya siswa yang mendaftar disana, juga prestasi-prestasi yang didapatkan oleh MTsN 3 Pamekasan menjadi perhatian tersendiri bagi para orang tua untuk menjadikan madrasah ini sebagai lembaga pendidikan rujukan yang digemari. Melihat fenomena ini peneliti merasa tertarik untuk mengkaji bagaimana peran public relations dan strategi public relations dalam peningkatan capacity building. Penelitian ini menggunakan pnedekatan kualitatif dekskrpitif. Prosedur pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa wawancara dengan public relations MTsN 3 Pamekasan, kepala madrasah, guru-guru, dan masyarakat. Hasil penelitian ini menyebutkan peran public relations MTsN 3 Pamekasan adalah menjalin komunikasi dengan publik, pembentuk identitas dan mengenalkan madrasah. Adapun strategi public relations MTsN 3 Pamekasan dalam peningkatan capacity building yakni merealisasikan human communications (membangun komunikasi dengan public internal dan eksternal. Kemudian media communications seperti website resmi, media partner, aplikasi whatsapp, facebook dan twitter.

Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri (MTsN) 3 Pamekasan is one of the educational institutions that still exist on Madura island. This is evidenced by the large number of students who have registered there, as well as the achievements obtained by MTsN 3 Pamekasan which are a special concern for parents to make this madrasah a popular reference educational institution. Seeing this phenomenon, researchers are interested in examining the role of public relations and public relations strategies in increasing capacity building. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection procedures used in the form of interviews with public relations MTsN 3 Pamekasan, head of madrasah, teachers, and the community. The results of this study indicate the role of public relations at MTsN 3 Pamekasan is to establish communication with the public, form identity and introduce madrasah. The MTsN 3 Pamekasan public relations strategy is to increase capacity building, namely realizing human communications (building communication with the internal and external public. Then the media communications such as official websites, media partners, whatsapp applications, facebook and twitter.