bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying and describing functional discourse units in the BNC Spoken 2014
Authors: Egbert Jesse , Wizner Stacey , Keller Daniel , Biber Douglas , McEnery Tony , Baker Paul 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
On the surface, it appears that conversational language is produced in a stream of spoken utterances. In reality conversation is composed of contiguous units that are characterized by coherent communicative purposes. A large number of important research questions about the nature of conversational discourse could be addressed if researchers could investigate linguistic variation across functional discourse units. To date, however, no corpus of conversational language has been annotated according to functional units, and there are no existing methods for carrying out this type of annotation. We introduce a new method for segmenting transcribed conversation files into discourse units and characterizing those units based on their communicative purposes. In this paper, the development and piloting of this method is described in detail and the final framework is presented. We conclude with a discussion of an ongoing project where we are applying this coding framework to the British National Corpus Spoken 2014.
Evaluating the role of Approach-Avoidance Training on action-tendencies in individuals with skin-picking disorder: A preliminary randomized experiment
Authors: Mathew Abel S. , Rech Madeline A. , Lee Han-Joo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background and aims
Pathological skin-picking (PSP) or excoriation disorder is a destructive behavior that affects 1-2% of the general population. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of a computerized behavior modification task on action-tendencies (i.e., approach or avoidance) in adults with PSP. We aimed to modify these action-tendencies by having participants with PSP complete the Approach-Avoidance Training (AAT) task, using a joystick to simulate an approach (=pull) or avoidance (=push) response.

Method
Forty-five participants diagnosed with PSP were randomized to one of three training conditions: (1) Avoidance Training (AvT; n = 15), (2) Approach Training (ApT; n = 15), or (3) Placebo Training (PT; n = 15). We hypothesized that after training, those in the AvT would have the greatest reduction in behavioral approach (i.e., their overall reaction time [RT] to approach pictures of irregular skin stimuli).

Results
Results of the pre-training assessment task revealed a positive correlation between behavioral approach to irregular skin stimuli and skin-picking severity as assessed by the Skin Picking Scale-Revised (SPS-R). After training, a lower behavioral approach and urges to pick were found in the AvT and PT groups, while those in the ApT reported higher behavioral approach and urges to pick. At two-week follow-up, no significant changes on the SPS-R were reported between groups.

Discussion
Our preliminary data suggest that the AAT is a promising avenue of research to develop as a cognitive intervention to address an excessive behavioral approach tendency that characterizes skin-picking problems.
Are the consumers willing to pay more for local fruits and vegetables? An empirical research on Albanian consumers
Authors: Kokthi Elena , Kruja Drita , Guri Fatmir , Zoto Oltjana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe local food concept is analysed from a supply chain perspective and its positive environmental effects. Revitalised local economies, reduced greenhouse emissions, preservation of farmland and rural lifestyles associated with local products impacts consumer preferences by reflecting a positive attitude toward locally grown products. In addition, the health benefits of local products are more frequently evoked by consumers than those of organic-local products. However, the labelling of such products is used despite consumers and/or producers not being clear about the attributes conferred by the product locality. In this context, this paper aims to clarify the perception of Albanian consumers regarding local fruit and vegetables. The results show that the positive WTP for local food relies on the consumer concern about health and environmental issues. In the case of Albanian consumers, this is driven more by health, taste and environment. Surprisingly, environmental concern exceeds other attributes like price and origin. In this case, environmental issue overlaps health, and it is used as a surrogate indicator for the latter. This is due to the lack of trust in public authorities that fail to assure an efficient quality control process in the agriculture and food sector.
POLITIK HUKUM PEMBENTUKAN RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG PENGHAPUSAN KEKERASAN SEKSUAL PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Iskandar Iskandar , Huda Uu Nurul , Nursiti Nursiti 
Published: August 2021

Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the process of forming the Draft Law on the Elimination of Sexual Violence (RUU Elimination of KS) from the perspective of Islamic law and analyze the political configuration in the formation of the law. The method used is descriptive analysis with the type of normative-empirical research. This method is considered able to answer all the main problems in this study. The results show that, in Islamic law a leader is obliged to maintain the soul, mind, dignity and worth of his people. Islam does not justify violence against women, Islam commands that every human being can give love and affection to women without violence as stated in QS. Ar-Rum (30): 21. To prevent sexual violence against women and uphold moral values, the leader must form a regulation as a form of responsibility from a leader to his people. These regulations must be obeyed and implemented by all his people, this is explained in (QS. An -Nisa, (04); 59. In the formation of the Draft Law on the Elimination of KS, there was a tug of war. Since 2016 until now, the Bill on the Elimination of KS has been in and out of the National Legislative Council (Prolegnas) however, until now it has not been ratified for various reasons given until it was clashed with religious beliefs The ratcheting up of the ratification of the KS Abolition Bill shows the reluctance of the legislature to provide legal protection to the public.Abstrak: Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses pembentukan Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual (RUU Penghapusan KS) ditinjau dari perspektif hukum Islam dan menganalisis konfigurasi politik dalam pembentukan Undang-Undang tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian normatif-empiris yang dianggap mampu menjawab semua pokok permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam hukum Islam seorang pemimpin wajib menjaga jiwa, akal, harkat dan martabat dari rakyatnya. Islam tidak membenarkan adanya kekerasan terhadap perempuan, Islam memerintahkan agar setiap manusia dapat memberikan kasih dan sayang kepada perempuan tanpa adanya kekerasan sebagaimana tertuang dalam QS.Ar-Rum (30):21. Untuk menjaga agar tidak adanya kekerasa seksual terhadap perempuan dan menjunjung tinggi nilai moralitas, maka pemimpin harus membentuk suatu peraturan sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab dari seorang pemimpin kepada rakyatnya. Peraturan tersebut wajib dipatuhi dan dilaksanakan oleh semua rakyat­nya, hal ini dijelaskan dalam (QS. An-Nisa, (04);59. Dalam pembentukan RUU Penghapusan KS terjadi tarik ulur. Sejak tahun 2016 hingga saat ini, RUU Penghapusan KS telah berapa kali keluar masuk Prolegnas, namun sampai saat ini belum kunjung disahkan dengan berbagai alasan yang diberikan sampai dibentrokan dengan keyakinan agama. Tarik ulur pembahasan RUU Penghapusan KS menunjukan, keengganan dari badan legislatif dalam memberikan payung hukum kepada masyarakat.
Józef Tischner i Leszek Kołakowski wobec teologii wyzwolenia
Authors: Zientkowski Przemysław 
Published: August 2021

Artykuł jest poświęcony spotkaniu myśli ks. prof. Józefa Tischnera i prof. Leszka Kołakowskiego. Chodzi o spotkanie myśli chrześcijańskiej i lewicowej w kontekście teologii wyzwolenia, która wszelako nie jest rozumiana radykalnie, jako południowoamerykański ruch zbrojnej walki o wartości chrześcijańskie, ale jako oddziaływanie idei lewicowych na wartości przyjmowane przez ludzi Kościoła. Zarówno Kołakowski, jak i Tischner wielokrotnie podejmowali wątki związane z teologią wyzwolenia. W artykule określam stanowisko obydwu myślicieli wobec faktu zaangażowania chrześcijaństwa w politykę.
On a would – be dispute. The problem of human freedom in the works of Józef Tischner and Leszek Kołakowski
Authors: Dymarski Zbyszek 
Published: August 2021

In the 1970s, a very interesting debate took place between Tischner and the Thomist philosophers. In the early 1980s, Tischner started a dispute with Marxism. According to the author of the article, there were many indications that at the end of the 1990s he would fight another intellectual war against liberalism, and in particular with its way of viewing human freedom. For many reasons, this dispute did not happen. The author of the article believes that Leszek Kołakowski could have been the main adversary in this dispute.The majority of contemporary intellectuals would agree that freedom is fundamental to human existence. This view was shared by both Leszek Kołakowski and Józef Tischner, therefore the dispute would concern the nature of internal freedom rather than the external one. Either of the adversaries saw it, in a different way. Kołakowski was close to the liberal approach to freedom. In turn, Tischner’s view of freedom was closer to the way St. Augustine had understood it. In this text, the author introduces both these concepts of freedom. He also believes that an attempt to measure the validity of the arguments of both adversaries could be made in relation to the essence of man.
Dinámicas de la producción científica colombiana en economía
Authors: Gómez Velasco Nubia Yaneth , Gregorio Chaviano Orlando , Ballesteros Alfonso Alba Lorena 
Published: August 2021

El objetivo del artículo fue evaluar las tendencias de la producción científica en economía con afiliación institucional colombiana durante el periodo 2007 a 2019. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico a partir de la información registrada en Scopus, mediante indicadores de producción, impacto y colaboración y del método de análisis exploratorio cuantitativo, usando los programas Biblioshiny, Vantage Point y VosViewer. se estudió el comportamiento de autores, revistas y temas de mayor visibilidad de publicación tales como innovación y crecimiento económico. Las principales tendencias de la producción científica de autores colombianos con mayor publicación en Scopus, presentan una tasa de crecimiento promedio anual del 13%, además de publicaciones en revistas de reconocido prestigioe importantes redes de colaboración nacional e internacional y predominio de publicaciones en coautoria (índice de 1,8), ampliando la conexión no sólo a nivel de las instituciones de educación superior, sino a través de los institutos de investigación. El conocimiento de las dinámicas de la investigación disciplinar resultado del estudio, aportó información clave para la gestión de la actividad científica y el diseño de futuras investigaciones en el país.
Research on the Digital Transformation of Sporting Goods Manufacturing Industry in China Based on "C2M" Mode
Authors: Jianye Liu Ji Zhu, 
Published: August 2021

This paper studies the transformation and upgrading of sporting goods manufacturing industry in China, and discusses why the sporting goods manufacturing industry needs digital transformation from the perspective of "C2M" mode, and puts forward some suggestions on how to carry out the digital transformation of sporting goods manufacturing industry in China based on the "C2M" mode. Based on the "C2M" mode, four suggestions are put forward: first is to establish a platform to attract consumers and meet the personalized customization needs to face the gradual diversification of consumer needs; second is to build a flexible production chain and change the business management concept to face the gradual increase in the cost of production factors; third is to accelerate the digital transformation of management and improve the level of management modernization to face the drawbacks brought by the industry from design to sales and circulation; fourth is to strengthen brand building and pursue market segmentation in order to face the situation that China's large-scale sporting goods manufacturing industry is facing high marketing expenses and the small and medium-sized sporting goods manufacturing industry does not pay attention to innovation.
Earthquake activity in the greater New York City area: Magnitudes, seismicity, and geologic structures
Authors: Kafka Alan L. , Schlesinger-Miller Ellyn A. , Barstow Noel L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Earthquakes recorded by stations of the Lamont-Doherty seismic network in the greater New York City area are analyzed to determine magnitudes and the relationship between seismicity and geologic structures. Between 1974 and 1983, the configuration of stations in this region remained relatively stationary and the type of recording devices (visual drum recorders and 16-mm photographic recorders) did not change. This distribution of stations and recording devices allows for a uniform measurement of magnitudes and seismicity. Magnitudes of these earthquakes are determined by comparing amplitudes and signal duration measured from high-frequency (5 to 10 Hz) data recorded by the local network with mbLg and ML determined from data at frequencies near 1 Hz. During the period of time studied (nearly 10 yr), 61 earthquakes were located in this region, but none of these earthquakes exceeded 3.0 on the mbLg scale. The largest event (mbLg = 3.0) occurred in the Coastal Plain province of northern New Jersey.
The magnitude threshold for uniform detection of events throughout this region during the period of time studied is estimated to be mbLg = 1.6. With events below this threshold removed from the catalog of network seismicity, we find that about half of the earthquakes studied occurred within 10 km of the Ramapo fault system. This fault system lies about 30 km northwest of New York City and has been interpreted by several investigators to be the most active fault system in the greater New York City area. However, earthquakes at least as large as those recorded near the Ramapo fault were located as far as 50 km from this fault (and within 20 km of New York City), in geologic structures that surround the Newark basin. While the Ramapo fault can by no means be ruled out as a possible source zone for earthquakes in the greater New York City area, the geologic structures associated with most (if not all) earthquakes in this region are still unknown. Thus, the cause of earthquakes in this region remains an enigma.
Manual Vacuum Aspiration in IUFD 18 Weeks
Authors: Brahmana Ivanna Beru 
Published: August 2021

Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA) is an action to evacuate the uterine cavity up to 14 weeks gestation. In a more extensive pregnancy, it is worried that the action of the MVA is less clean so that it will still repeat the action of sharp curettage. This article reports a multigravida aged 42 years old, G5P2A2, intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) at 18 weeks, undergoing MVA. Diagnosis of IUFD was performed using ultrasound examination. Before MVA was done, the patient was previously given 100 μg of misoprostol orally for dilation. This pregnancy was the third pregnancy with a second husband, all of whom had abortions. Manual Vacuum Aspiration had a minimal risk of uterine injury. After MVA was conducted, ultrasound examination was repeated to confirm a clean uterine cavity. It had been carried out on an indication of IUFD of 18 weeks gestation with the result of a clean uterine cavity and minimal bleeding. Furthermore, Post-Abortion Intra-Uterine Device (PAIUD) was installed adequately, not causing complaints. Based on the result, it can be concluded that MVA is effective for evacuation of uterine cavities on 18 weeks gestation.
Thematic implications and representativeness in Wuthering Heights (1848): Dialect as a social reality
Authors: Belmerabet Fatiha 
Published: August 2021

Since language is a brainwork of speakers who live in social and physical environments, researchers are obliged to think about the alliance between the vocabularies’ meaning in dictionaries and their significance in social use. And because the novel is a fictional piece of writing which is primarily inspired by real life and reflects realities. In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte strives to interfere in her characters’ thought and considers their social class, culture and experience; she acts as a writer, the speaker and the reader as well. These authorial qualities gave birth to a text combined of two language varieties, the Standard English and the Yorkshire dialect which are tightly interwoven without distorting the unity and the arrangement of the story plot. This paper looks to cover the different social inclinations of E. Bronte’s depiction of dialect in addition to some critical resonances of such representation.

Keywords: Wuthering Heights, dialect representativeness, social reality, thematic implications, language.
Transferencia de conocimiento: un mecanismo de competitividad para las PYMES en el Estado de Nuevo León.
Authors: Salas de la Rosa Nora Luisa , Garza Ruíz Marisela 
Published: August 2021

La finalidad del presente artículo de investigación es conocer actualmente las universidades transfieren conocimiento a las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) del Estado de Nuevo León. La metodología fue mediante la recolección de datos por fuente primaria, a través de una aplicación de encuesta presencial a los estudiantes de 9° grado de licenciatura, de las carreras de biotecnología genómica y licenciado en tecnologías computacionales (TICs). Se recopilo un total de 43 encuestas y la hipótesis fue sujeta a prueba usando el método de correlación y regresión lineal (SPSS). Los resultados afirman que la variable dependiente denominada en el concepto de transferencia de conocimiento, es un mecanismo para la adopción de innovación y competitividad para las PYMES. La evidencia empírica comprobará la relación a la vinculación entre el sector empresarial y académico, es decir, conocer si la universidad cuenta con capacidad de formación académica en transferencia de conocimiento para vincularse con las PYMES, con el objetivo de generar innovación en sus procesos y lograr ventaja competitiva. La relevancia del presente trabajo de investigación, será conocer los principales factores que actualmente se aplican en las universidades para realizar transferencia de conocimiento a las PYMES.
Implementation of Instrumentalised Virtual Multiphase Flow Metering Technology in the Wells of the Vostochno-Makarovskoye Gas Condensate Field
Authors: Zozulya Andrey , Baranov Vladimir , Miletski Mikhail , Rymarenko Konstantin , Nukhaev Marat , Figura Eugene , Rodin Sergey , Grishchenko Sergey , Aitkaliev Galymzhan , Zaytsev Alexander , Kabanov Vasily , Karamysheva Tatiana , Usov Eduard , Agishev Ruslan 
Published: August 2021

Summary
Liquid hydrocarbon quantity optimization is among key technological indicators in the gas condensate fields development. To achieve it one needs to select and maintain optimal well-operating conditions. In this case, multiphase flow measurements are prioritized as an important optimization tool. The article presents a proven record of implementing the technology of instrumentalised virtual multiphase flow metering in the wells of the Vostochno-Makarovskoye gas condensate field to increase the efficiency of liquid hydrocarbon production.
Virtual flow metering technologies that use modeling methods and adapt models to actual well-operating parameters aiming at determining well production rates are becoming increasingly popular. At that, the quality of the data at the model input does not often guarantee a qualitative determination of multiphase flow parameters.
This article presents a track record of building a virtual multiphase flow meter based on single-phase streamer flow meters mounted on gas wells. Venturi flow meters were used. A series of well tests were conducted in various modes. To configure the streamer model, additional tuning studies were conducted on the separator. While testing the wells, the results of constructing a streamer model were verified by nodal analysis.
Vitamin D levels in Children with Recurrent Wheezing: An Observational Study
Authors: Samaddar Shyamajit , Singh Manvi , Mathew Joseph , Sachdeva Naresh , Singh Meenu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aim: To study the vitamin D levels in toddlers with recurrent wheezing.Methods: In this prospective observational study, 108 children aged 1-3 years with recurrent wheezing and 41 healthy age and sex matched controls were included. The clinical, demographic, socio-economic, food habits, and sun exposure of both the groups were assessed. The serum levels of vitamin D were measured and Asthma predictive index (API) of all the cases was calculated. Spearman or Pearson correlation coefficients were used to see relationship of different variables with Vitamin D.Results: Among 108 cases and 41 controls we enrolled, majority of them had vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. The difference in vitamin D levels in the two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.0619). We found no significant difference in the vitamin D levels between, urban and rural population, vegetarians and non-vegetarians, adequately and inadequately sun light exposed children. There was also no correlation between the vitamin D levels and the number of wheezing episodes in the last 1 year. There was no significant correlation between the number of criteria of API positive and the vitamin D levels.Conclusion: Our study showed that the overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is very high among toddlers with recurrent wheezing. We conclude that vitamin D rich diet and sunlight exposure cannot prevent vitamin D deficiency in Indian toddlers. National programme for universal supplementation of vitamin D is required to control this epidemic of vitamin D deficiency.
Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Probable Maximum Floods in a Tropical Catchment
Authors: Sammen Saad Shauket , Mohammed Thamer A , Ghazali Abdul Halim , Sidek Lariyah M , Shahid Shamsuddin , Abba Sani Isah , Malik Anurag 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Increased extreme rainfall due to climate change will increase the probable maximum flood (PMF) and pose a severe threat the critical hydraulic infrastructure like hydroelectric and flood protection dams. As the rainfall extremes in tropical regions are highly sensitive to global warming, increase PMF can be much higher in the tropics. A study has been conducted to assess the impact of climate change on PMF in a tropical catchment located in peninsular Malaysia. A lumped hydrological model, Mike NAM, is calibrated and validated with observed climate and inflow data of Tenmengor reservoir, located in the state of Perak of Peninsular Malaysia. Regional climate model projected rainfall is used to generate probable maximum precipitation (PMP) for future periods. The hydrological model is used to simulate PMF from PMP estimated for the historical and two future periods, early (2031−2045) and late (2060−2075). The results revealed the NAM model could simulate the river flow with a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.74 and root mean square error of 0.51. The application of the model with projected rainfall revealed an increase in PMP by 162 to 507% and 259 to 487% during early and late periods for different return periods ranging from 5 to 1000 years. This would cause an increase in PMF by 48.9% and 122.6% during early and late periods. A large increase in PMF indicates the possibility of devastating floods in the study area due to climate change.