bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic removal of a mesenteric cyst: A case report
Authors: Kalampokas Emmanouil , Giannis Georgios , Kalampokas Theodoros , Eleftheriades Makarios , Panoulis Konstantinos , Vlahos Nikolaos 
Published: October 2021

SynopsisThe present study reports a case involving laparoscopic removal of a large small bowel mesenteric cyst, initially diagnostically assumed to be an undetermined ovarian cyst.
Burnout and resilience among pharmacists: A Singapore study
Authors: Tan Yan Zhi , Chong Jin Jian , Chew Lita Sui Tjien , Tan Kok Hian , Wang Aiwen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundRising demand in healthcare in recent years has placed significant stress on healthcare professionals and has inevitably led to increasing levels of burnout. While associated factors and negative consequences of burnout have been quantified within various professions, there is a paucity of data describing its prevalence and impact among pharmacists, and within the Asia‐Pacific region.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of, and characterize risk factors, that may be associated with burnout among pharmacists in patient care sectors in Singapore.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among pharmacists in patient care sectors in Singapore from February to April 2020. Participation invites to the survey were disseminated by pharmacy managers in patient care areas across all healthcare institutions in Singapore. The Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI‐HSS) was used to assess the prevalence of burnout in the respondent, and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) to evaluate resilience and empathy respectively. Demographic characteristics were also collected and summarized. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore associations between burnout and potential risk factors. Possible impact from burnout was also assessed as part of the questionnaire. Burnout was defined as a high emotional exhaustion (EE, ≥27) or depersonalization (DP, ≥10) score on the MBI‐HSS.ResultsSeven hundred and six out of 1289 pharmacists (54.8%) completed the survey, of which 61.5% of respondents experienced burnout. Factors associated with burnout included institution of practice, hours at work, number of patient care hours, resilience, and empathy. Pharmacists with burnout had a higher propensity to seek a job change, were less satisfied with work, and took more medical leave than non‐burnout counterparts.ConclusionBurnout among Singapore pharmacists is prevalent and deserves attention. Comprehensive strategies are needed to mitigate the potential negative consequences that may arise from increasing levels of burnout.
Spatiotemporal variation of precipitation on a global scale from 1960 to 2016 in a new normalized daily precipitation dataset
Authors: Liu Jun , Wu Dongyou , Li Yue , Ren Hongli , Zhao Yongtao , Sun Xiaoyu , Zhang Haitao , Ji Mingxia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIncreases in total and extreme precipitation have been investigated worldwide using limited spatiotemporal data based on surface observations and satellite remote sensing during recent decades. However, it remains unclear whether rain gauge daily precipitation records also show a significant increase in global precipitation. In this study, we first apply the transformed version of the penalized maximumFtest (“transPMFred”) to homogenize daily precipitation (P) records from 10,629 stations around the world during 1960–2016 from a dataset (GHCN‐CMA) that combines the daily precipitation data from the Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN‐Daily) dataset and the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), and then utilize the homogenized data to study the frequency of daily precipitation on a global scale. The results indicate that precipitation frequency exhibited significant increasing trends from 1960 to 2016 across most of the globe, except for East Asia. Moreover, the variability of global precipitation frequency was more pronounced in wet regions than dry regions, especially in North America, Europe and East Asia based multiple daily precipitation datasets. The regional average frequency for moderate (30th < P ≤ 60th percentile), heavy (60th < P ≤ 90th percentile) and very heavy (P > 90th percentile) precipitation increased in North America and Europe. Changes in precipitation frequency decreased for light (P ≤ 30th percentile) and moderate precipitation but increased for heavy and very heavy precipitation, which mainly occurs in dry regions of Australia. Moreover, precipitation frequency in wet and dry regions of East Asia showed opposite trends, with a decrease in wet regions and an increase in dry regions.
Firm performance, government regulation, and managerial effort: Evidence from China
Authors: Wu Dongxu , Wu Zhongmin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUsing the most recent data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey for China, this research shows that ownership structure significantly impacts firm performance and firm characteristics. Our results show the importance of getting to grips with government regulation, as the time spent by senior management dealing with government regulation is the most significant independent variable. Another key finding of this article is that China has excellent economic institutions conducive to doing business. It is far easier to conduct business in China than in the other BRIC countries. We conclude that partial privatizations of state‐owned enterprises on their own are unlikely to bring substantial efficiency gains. Reforms must also include better incentives and monitoring of management. Our findings are robust and consistent with various controls, alternative measures of firm performance, and different estimation methods, including quantile regression.
An overview of magnetic ionic liquids: From synthetic strategies to applications in microextraction techniques
Authors: Alves Mônica Silva , Neto Luiz Carlos Ferreira , Scheid Camila , Merib Josias 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRemarkable progress has been achieved in the application of magnetic ionic liquids in microextraction‐based procedures. These materials exhibit unique physicochemical properties of ionic liquids featuring additional responses to magnetic fields by incorporating a paramagnetic component within the chemical structure. This intriguing property can open new horizons in analytical extractions because the solvent manipulation is facilitated. Moreover, the tunable chemical structures of magnetic ionic liquids also allow for task‐specific extractions that can significantly increase the method selectivity. This review aimed at providing an up‐to‐date overview of articles involving synthesis, physicochemical properties, and applications of magnetic ionic liquids highlighting recent developments and configurations. Moreover, a section containing critical evaluation and future trends in magnetic ionic liquid‐based extractions is included.
QQ‐NET – using deep learning to solve quantitative susceptibility mapping and quantitative blood oxygen level dependent magnitude (QSM+qBOLD or QQ) based oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping
Authors: Cho Junghun , Zhang Jinwei , Spincemaille Pascal , Zhang Hang , Hubertus Simon , Wen Yan , Jafari Ramin , Zhang Shun , Nguyen Thanh D. , Dimov Alexey V. , Gupta Ajay , Wang Yi 
Published: October 2021

PurposeTo improve accuracy and speed of quantitative susceptibility mapping plus quantitative blood oxygen level‐dependent magnitude (QSM+qBOLD or QQ) ‐based oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping using a deep neural network (QQ‐NET).MethodsThe 3D multi‐echo gradient echo images were acquired in 34 ischemic stroke patients and 4 healthy subjects. Arterial spin labeling and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) were also performed in the patients. NET was developed to solve the QQ model inversion problem based on Unet. QQ‐based OEF maps were reconstructed with previously introduced temporal clustering, tissue composition, and total variation (CCTV) and NET. The results were compared in simulation, ischemic stroke patients, and healthy subjects using a two‐sample Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test.ResultsIn the simulation, QQ‐NET provided more accurate and precise OEF maps than QQ‐CCTV with 150 times faster reconstruction speed. In the subacute stroke patients, OEF from QQ‐NET had greater contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) between DWI‐defined lesions and their unaffected contralateral normal tissue than with QQ‐CCTV: 1.9 ± 1.3 vs 6.6 ± 10.7 (p = 0.03). In healthy subjects, both QQ‐CCTV and QQ‐NET provided uniform OEF maps.ConclusionQQ‐NET improves the accuracy of QQ‐based OEF with faster reconstruction.
Providing English and native language quotes in qualitative research: A call to action
Authors: Younas Ahtisham , Fàbregues Sergi , Durante Angela , Ali Parveen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhen publishing qualitative research in international journals, researchers studying non‐English‐speaking participants provide quotes in English language. This is an issue of increasing concern given the need to be rigorous to represent a diversity of participants within their context, beyond how language (alone) situates them.AimTo argue for providing English and native language quotes in qualitative research reports.DesignDiscussion.MethodsThis paper is based on the literature on use of quotes and translation in qualitative research and authors’ experiences of publishing qualitative research.ResultsProvision of native and English language quotes may allow for greater transparency of findings, thereby reflecting that the researchers adequately captured the socially and culturally dependent experiences of participants.ConclusionsPresentation of findings with eloquent quotes serves as the gateway into the sociocultural experiences of individuals. We argued against the norm of providing translated quotes in qualitative reports and build a case for the provision of native as well as English language quotes to promote cross‐cultural understanding.
Effects of surfactins, Bacillus lipopeptides, on the behavior of an aphid and host selection by its parasitoid
Authors: Denoirjean Thomas , Ameline Arnaud , Couty Aude , Dubois Françoise , Coutte François , Doury Géraldine 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDLipopeptides extracted from the Bacillus genus are emerging biopesticides, especially in protecting crops against phytopathogens. Among the three main families of lipopeptides, surfactins have been identified as having insecticidal properties against several insect orders. However, the sublethal effects of these promising biopesticides on insect pests and their natural enemies remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of surfactins topically applied on black bean aphid Aphis fabae mortality. First, the effects of surfactins on aphid mortality were determined by delivering increasing concentrations to adults and nymphs. Second, the sublethal effects of surfactins on locomotor activity and feeding behavior of surviving aphids were evaluated using the electropenetrography method. Finally, the effect of host exposure to surfactins on host selection behavior by Aphidius matricariae parasitoid females was analyzed.RESULTSFour surfactins concentrations were studied (0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5 g L–1). There was concentration‐dependent mortality in response to surfactins at 24 h after treatment. Surfactins impacted aphid behavior when delivered at 1 g L–1 by inducing a greater locomotor activity and a reduction in feeding activity. By contrast, at the third trophic level, exposure of aphid hosts to surfactins did not affect behaviors leading to host recognition and acceptance by parasitoid females.CONCLUSIONThis study highlighted the consequences of aphid exposure to surfactins in the context of bottom‐up regulation. Although surfactins could directly impact aphid behavior, they had no apparent consequences on the host selection behavior exhibited by parasitoid wasps.
A joint model for multivariate longitudinal and survival data to discover the conversion to Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Kang Kai , Pan Deng , Song Xinyuan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable and progressive disease that starts from mild cognitive impairment and deteriorates over time. Examining the effects of patients' longitudinal cognitive decline on time to conversion to AD and obtaining a reliable diagnostic model are therefore critical to the evaluation of AD prognosis and early treatment. Previous studies either assess patients' cognitive impairment through a single cognitive test or assume it changes linearly across time, thereby leading to an incomplete measure of cognitive decline or overlooking the subtle trajectory pattern of patients' cognitive impairment. This study develops a new joint model to address these shortcomings. First, a dynamic factor analysis model is adopted to characterize cognitive impairment through multiple cognitive measures in a comprehensive manner. Second, a spline‐based random coefficient model is proposed to reveal possibly nonlinear trajectories of patients' cognitive decline. Finally, a proportional hazard model is considered to examine the effects of time‐invariant markers and time‐variant cognitive impairment on AD hazards. A Bayesian approach coupled with spline approximation techniques and MCMC methods is developed to conduct statistical inference. The application of the proposed method to the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study provides new insights into the prevention of AD and shows a high prediction capacity of the proposed method.
Effect of water distribution patterns on the activation energy of unsaturated soils during phase transformation
Authors: Park Junghee , Yoon Hyung‐Koo , Kim Jongchan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUnsaturated soils in vadose zones often experience periodic phase changes during seasonal temperature fluctuations. The liquid in partially saturated soils significantly affects the physical and chemical processes associated with the phase transformations. This study examined the role of water distribution patterns on the activation energy of unsaturated soils. The results revealed that the homogeneously mixed and evaporation‐driven specimens exhibited higher activation energy than the horizontally layered specimen, which exhibited the lowest activation energy. In addition, the activation energy results indicated that the induction time, increased with an increase in the water saturation, requires a longer induction time and results in a more significant difference in the final products, such as elastic wave velocities, during the freezing process. In addition, the activation energy and soil stiffness results revealed that the homogeneous system required a higher activation energy than the heterogeneous system. The higher heterogeneity degree of the vertically and horizontally layered water specimens delayed the primary water‐to‐ice phase change. This study recognizes the significance of heterogeneity in activation energy for phase transformation in unsaturated particulate media.
Hypothalamic endocannabinoids in obesity: an old story with new challenges
Authors: Miralpeix Cristina , Reguera Ana Cristina , Fosch Anna , Zagmutt Sebastian , Casals Núria , Cota Daniela , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Rosalía 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe crucial role of the hypothalamus in the pathogenesis of obesity is widely recognized, while the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms involved are the focus of intense research. A disrupted endocannabinoid system, which critically modulates feeding and metabolic functions, through central and peripheral mechanisms, is a landmark indicator of obesity, as corroborated by investigations centered on the cannabinoid receptor CB1, considered to offer promise in terms of pharmacologically targeted treatment for obesity. In recent years, novel insights have been obtained, not only into relation to the mode of action of CB receptors, but also CB ligands, non-CB receptors, and metabolizing enzymes considered to be part of the endocannabinoid system (particularly the hypothalamus). The outcome has been a substantial expansion in knowledge of this complex signaling system and in drug development. Here we review recent literature, providing further evidence on the role of hypothalamic endocannabinoids in regulating energy balance and the implication for the pathophysiology of obesity. We discuss how these lipids are dynamically regulated in obesity onset, by diet and metabolic hormones in specific hypothalamic neurons, the impact of gender, and the role of endocannabinoid metabolizing enzymes as promising targets for tackling obesity and related diseases.
Off-label-dosing of non-vitamin K-dependent oral antagonists in AF patients before and after stroke: results of the prospective multicenter Berlin Atrial Fibrillation Registry
Authors: Tütüncü Serdar , Olma Manuel , Kunze Claudia , Dietzel Joanna , Schurig Johannes , Fiessler Cornelia , Malsch Carolin , Haas Tobias Eberhard , Dimitrijeski Boris , Doehner Wolfram , Hagemann Georg , Hamilton Frank , Honermann Martin , Jungehulsing Gerhard Jan , Kauert Andreas , Koennecke Hans-Christian , Mackert Bruno-Marcel , Nabavi Darius , Nolte Christian H. , Reis Joschua Mirko , Schmehl Ingo , Sparenberg Paul , Stingele Robert , Völzke Enrico , Waldschmidt Carolin , Zeise-Wehry Daniel , Heuschmann Peter U. , Endress Matthias , Haeusler Karl Georg 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aims
We aimed to analyze prevalence and predictors of NOAC off-label under-dosing in AF patients before and after the index stroke.

Methods
The post hoc analysis included 1080 patients of the investigator-initiated, multicenter prospective Berlin Atrial Fibrillation Registry, designed to analyze medical stroke prevention in AF patients after acute ischemic stroke.

Results
At stroke onset, an off-label daily dose was prescribed in 61 (25.5%) of 239 NOAC patients with known AF and CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥ 1, of which 52 (21.8%) patients were under-dosed. Under-dosing was associated with age ≥ 80 years in patients on rivaroxaban [OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.05–7.9, P = 0.04; n = 29] or apixaban [OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.04–10.1, P = 0.04; n = 22]. At hospital discharge after the index stroke, NOAC off-label dose on admission was continued in 30 (49.2%) of 61 patients. Overall, 79 (13.7%) of 708 patients prescribed a NOAC at hospital discharge received an off-label dose, of whom 75 (10.6%) patients were under-dosed. Rivaroxaban under-dosing at discharge was associated with age ≥ 80 years [OR 3.49, 95% CI 1.24–9.84, P = 0.02; n = 19]; apixaban under-dosing with body weight ≤ 60 kg [OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01–0.47, P < 0.01; n = 56], CHA2DS2-VASc score [OR per point 1.47, 95% CI 1.08–2.00, P = 0.01], and HAS-BLED score [OR per point 1.91, 95% CI 1.28–2.84, P < 0.01].

Conclusion
At stroke onset, off-label dosing was present in one out of four, and under-dosing in one out of five NOAC patients. Under-dosing of rivaroxaban or apixaban was related to old age. In-hospital treatment after stroke reduced off-label NOAC dosing, but one out of ten NOAC patients was under-dosed at discharge.

Clinical trial registration
NCT02306824.
Spiritual intelligence, mindfulness, emotional dysregulation, depression relationship with mental well-being among persons with diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ajele Wojujutari Kenni , Oladejo Teslim Alabi , Akanni Abimbola A. , Babalola Oyeyemi Bukola 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposesThe study examined the mediation moderated effects of spiritual intelligence and mindfulness on the relationship between emotional dysregulation, depression and mental well-being. It also investigated the mediating effects of mindfulness on the relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental well-being in persons with diabetes.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out among 636 (age 32–74 years; mean = 40.31; SD = 8.40) people living with diabetes who are registered patients and were attending the clinic in Department of Endocrinology, Ondo State Specialist Hospital, Okitipupa and Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja. The data were analysed using Pearson Multiple correlation and mediation moderated model 29 and mediation model 4 of PROCESS macro. The analyses were carried out with PROCESS macro for IBM/SPSS Version 25.0.ResultsShowed significant and positive direct relationship between depression on mental well-being of person with diabetes, β = 0.39, 95 % CI (0.29, 0.48). Results showed mindfulness (β = 0.00, 95 % CI: 0.00, 0.00) and spiritual intelligence (β = -0.01, 0.00, 95 % CI: -0.01, -0.01) significantly moderated the existing direct relationship between depression and mental well-being of persons with diabetes Results showed significant and positive indirect relationship between depression and mental well-being via emotional dysfunctional of persons with diabetes, β = 0.46, 95 % CI (0.44, 0.48). Results showed mindfulness (β = -0.02, 95 %, CI; -0.03, -0.02) and spiritual intelligence (β = -0.00, 95 %, CI: 00.00, -0.01) significant moderated the existing indirect relationship between depression and mental well-being occurred via emotional dysfunctional of persons with diabetes. Results showed significant direct relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental well-being of persons with diabetes, β = -0.12, 95 %, CI: (0.09, 0.16). Results showed mindfulness significantly mediates the existing direct relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental well-being of persons with diabetes, β = -0.11, 95 %, CI: (0.08, 0.15). Results also significant direct relationship between spiritual and mindfulness of persons with diabetes, β = 0. 0.25, 95 % CI: 0.18, 0.31).ConclusionEmotional dysregulation play mediating role of the association between depression and mental well-being of persons with diabetes was moderated by spiritual intelligence and mindfulness. Therefore, the study concludes that pay attention spiritual intelligence and mindfulness in management of diabetes will enhance mental well-being of persons with diabetes.