bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The German pelvic database
Authors: Pohlemann Tim , Gänsslen Axel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The German Pelvic Group as part of the former German section of the AO-International (now AO Trauma Germany) and the German Trauma Society (DGU) represents a 34-year success story of data documentation for the optimization of pelvic and acetabulum surgery. The historical development and the corresponding course are presented. With increasing work, the initial data were integrated into the DGU Pelvic Register. It is used to record data on fractures of the pelvic ring and acetabulum with the aim to derive optimized treatment options and to gain new scientific knowledge. The register started in 2004 as an initiative of the DGU GPG. In June 2024, the DGU Board approved the upgrade of the status of the working group to a formal section Pelvic and Acetabulum Fractures as standing division of the German Trauma Society.
Feasibility and acceptance of transdermal auricular vagus nerve stimulation using a TENS device in females suffering from long COVID fatigue
Authors: Pfoser-Poschacher Veronika , Keilani Mohammad , Steiner Margarete , Schmeckenbecher Jim , Zwick Ralf Harun , Crevenna Richard 
Published: February 2025

Summary

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant health challenges, with some individuals developing long COVID characterized by persistent symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnea and cognitive difficulties lasting weeks or months after infection. This condition predominantly affects women and may involve prolonged inflammation and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Current treatments focus on symptom relief and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is being investigated for its potential therapeutic benefits.

Methods
This pilot study was a prospective, blinded, randomized controlled trial involving 36 female long COVID patients aged 18–70 years. Participants were assigned to three groups receiving VNS at frequencies of 10 Hz, 25 Hz, or a control of 2 Hz for 3 months. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, after 4 and 12 weeks.

Results
The study revealed that all VNS treatment groups experienced reduction in symptoms associated with long COVID, particularly in fatigue and dyspnea, after 12 weeks. Participants across all frequencies reported an improvement in health-related quality of life. Heart rate variability remained stable throughout the trial, and no significant changes in morning salivary cortisol levels were seen across groups.

Discussion
Vagus nerve stimulation may offer therapeutic benefits for women with long COVID, particularly in reducing fatigue and dyspnea. The treatment was found to be safe, with no significant side effects reported; however, further research with larger study groups is needed to confirm these findings and examine the long-term effects of VNS on autonomic nervous system function.
A randomised clinical trial comparing a surgical approach for treatment of peri-implantitis to non-surgical debridement with adjunctive diode laser therapy
Authors: Hashim Dena , Courvoisier Delphine , Cionca Norbert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy of non-surgical debridement with repeated diode laser application in comparison to surgical treatment for management of peri-implantitis.

Materials and methods
Forty patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis were randomised into two groups. The test group received mechanical debridement and repeated diode laser therapy at Days 0, 7 and 14. The control group received mechanical debridement at Day 0 followed by surgical treatment at Day 14. Clinical evaluations were performed at baseline, 3 and 12 months.

Results
Thirty-six participants (test n = 17, control n = 19) completed the 12-month observation period. Laser treatment failed in 4 cases (23.5%); of which 3 implants lost osseointegration and one necessitated surgical treatment due to progressively increasing probing depths (PD) and bone loss. In comparison, the control group showed a 100% survival rate with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.04). Therefore, thirty-two participants were examined at the final evaluation (test n = 13, control n = 19). Twenty-two implants (57.9%) showed complete disease resolution without significant differences between the groups. The test group reported significantly lower post-operative discomfort on the visual analogue scale (VAS). At 3 months, both groups showed clinical signs of healing with reduction in probing depths (PD) and bleeding upon probing. Surgical treatment resulted in significantly lower PDs (control 3.7 mm [3.2, 4.0], test 4.5 mm [3.8, 4.8]), but recession was significantly higher (control 0.5 mm [0.3, 1.2], test 0 mm [0.0, 0.3]). At the final reevaluation, PD values remained significantly lower in the control group; 3.3 mm [3.1, 3.9] compared to 4.3 mm [3.7, 4.8] for the test group, but the difference in mucosal recession fell below the level of significance. Marginal bone levels improved after one year without significant differences between the two groups (Test = 3.5 mm [2.8, 4.6] at baseline and 1.5 mm [1.0, 4.4] at one year, Control = 2.8 mm [2.5, 3.1] at baseline and 1.4 mm [1.0, 2.6] at one year).

Conclusion
Surgical approaches for management of peri-implantitis demonstrated significant benefits over laser therapy in terms of treatment success and PD reduction. Nevertheless, diode laser therapy, as described in this study, could represent a minimally invasive alternative for treatment of non-advanced peri-implantitis defects.
Integrative analysis of lncRNAs in rheumatoid arthritis: from bioinformatics to experimental validation
Authors: Golestanifar Ahmad , Masroor Arezo , Khedri Hengameh , Saberiyan Mohammadreza , Nejatizadeh Azim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive joint damage and systemic inflammation. Despite advances in treatment, challenges persist in early diagnosis and personalized therapy. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators in immune pathways and inflammation, offering potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Using GEO datasets (GSE169082, GSE124373), we identified differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of RA patients. Functional enrichment and pathway analyses were conducted to elucidate their roles. Key lncRNAs (LINC00963, SNHG15, SNHG3) were experimentally validated via real-time PCR in patient samples. Protein–protein interaction networks and ceRNA networks were constructed to explore molecular interactions. Analysis revealed significant up-regulation of LINC00963, SNHG15, and SNHG3 in RA patients, correlating with inflammatory markers and immune cell profiles. ROC analysis demonstrated high diagnostic potential, particularly for SNHG3 (AUC: 84.3%). Pathway enrichment highlighted immune activation and disrupted autophagic processes. This study identifies novel lncRNAs with diagnostic and therapeutic potential in RA, emphasizing the integration of computational and experimental approaches. These findings lay the groundwork for precision medicine strategies to improve RA management.
Development of 3D-structured tilt capillary valve for lab-on-a-disc devices
Authors: Murano Yuito , Yamamoto Shoji , Matsuzawa Hayato , Morioka Kazuhiro , Hemmi Akihide , Nakajima Hizuru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Lab-on-a-disc (LoD) devices utilize centrifugal force to regulate fluid movement and are widely employed in biochemical applications. LoDs facilitate biochemical analysis by integrating different essential steps such as mixing samples and reagents, separating target components from the sample, and detecting analytes in a single platform. This integration on a single disc substrate enables the miniaturization and automation of various biochemical workflows. However, current LoD systems frequently rely on active valves, which increase complexity and limit versatility. To address these challenges, this study employed 3D printing technology to develop a 3D-structured tilt capillary valve acting as a passive control mechanism. Tilt capillary valves with inclination angles ranging from 50° to 80° were fabricated, and their burst rotational speeds and repeatability were compared with those of conventional capillary and slope valves. The tilt capillary valve demonstrated superior performance, achieving high-speed fluid control with relative standard deviations ranging from 1.5 to 2.1%. This improvement was attained by distributing the effects of centrifugal and gravitational forces along the inclined flow path. Additionally, the capillary structure stabilized the effects of surface tension, further enhancing reproducibility. These findings suggest that the developed tilt capillary valve enhances the LoD system performance, enabling more precise and rapid fluid control. The enhanced passive valve presented in this study can be implemented in advanced microfluidic device designs, presenting considerable potential for biochemical assays, point-of-care applications, environmental monitoring, and food safety testing.
The narratives of war (NoW) corpus of written testimonies of the Russia-Ukraine war
Authors: Zasiekin Serhii , Zasiekina Larysa , Altman Emilie , Hryntus Mariia , Kuperman Victor 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Documentation and analysis of psychological states experienced by witnesses and survivors of catastrophic events is a critical concern of psychological research. This paper introduces the new corpus of written testimonies collected from nearly 1500 Ukrainian civilians from May 2022–January 2024, during Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The texts are available in the original Ukrainian and the English translation. The Narratives of War (NoW) corpus additionally contains demographic and geographic data on respondents, as well as their scores in tests of PTSD symptoms and moral injury. The paper provides a detailed introduction into the method of data collection and corpus structure. It also reports a quantitative frequency-based “keyness” analysis that identifies words particularly representative of the NoW corpus, as compared to the reference corpus of Ukrainian texts that predates the war with Russia. These key words shed light on the psychological state of witnesses of war. With its materials collected during the ongoing war, the corpus contributes to the body of knowledge for studies of the psychological impact of war and trauma on civilian populations.
The Exponential of the Lattice Laplacian Operator and the Mean-Square Attractor of A Stochastic Lattice System
Authors: Kloeden Peter E. , Lorenz Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The exponential

$$e^{\Lambda t}$$

e

Λ
t

of the lattice Laplacian operator

$$\Lambda $$

Λ

was introduced in the 1970 s, but, unlike its counterpart for parabolic partial differential equations, has not yet been used to investigate lattice dynamical systems. Here its properties are investigated in the weighted sequence space

$$\ell _{\rho }^2$$

ℓ

ρ

2

. Then it is used to formulate and to establish the existence and uniqueness of mean-square solutions of a nonlocal stochastic lattice system with coefficient functions depending on the expectation of the solution. Finally, it is used to show that the mean-square random dynamical system so generated possesses a mean-square random attractor.
Lithium Divertor Targets and Walls for the ASTER Liquid Stellarator Reactor, Distributed Divertor
Authors: Queral V. , de Castro A. , Varela J. , Cabrera S. , Fernández I. , Spong D. , Rincón E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Stellarators may have advantages for certain liquid metal options as Plasma Facing Components (PFC) for divertor targets and first walls due to the wide range of possible magnetic configurations, which additionally are free of disruptions and fast field variations. In a previous work (V. Queral et al., IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 52, 2024), a concept of stellarator reactor (ASTER-CP) based on swirling Li-molten salts and liquid lithium floating on the molten salt as PFC was presented. The divertor matters were not studied then and, thus, they are being studied and experimentally tested now.
The ASTER-CP reactor concept, the initial liquid metal experiments and potential concepts for the ASTER-CP divertor and first wall are reported. Concerning the experiments, several small scale experiments of galinstan in a small rotating cylinder under magnetic field have been produced, including one experiment with high viscosity galinstan-mixture for increased thickness of layer. An experiment of floating lithium on the molten salt LiCl-PbCl2 gave fast volatilization/decomposition of the molten salt. Particularly for divertors, the traditional free-flow, Capillary Porous Systems and ‘divertorlets’ have been studied for application to ASTER-CP. Surface waves (hot spots), lack of enough surface fluid turbulence and excessive fluid speed are the main issues found in fast free-flow. The perhaps original concept of Distributed Divertor and Equi-power Surface is tentatively proposed and studied, taking advantage of stellarator fields and low recycling regime.
Evaluation, thresholds, and practical commitments: the grammar of adjectival mildness
Authors: Beltrama Andrea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mildly positive adjectives (henceforth, MPAs)—e.g., decent, acceptable, adequate—are typically used to express a moderately favorable evaluation of an object. In this manuscript, I present an investigation of the semantics and pragmatics of this class of expressions. I outline a proposal of MPAs as predicates whose positive form relies on particular type of functional standard which I refer to as a necessity standard: a threshold corresponding to the minimum value that an object must have in order to be pursued in compliance with the norms and requirements in place in the current world. The article provides two core contributions. On an empirical level, it enriches our understanding of the typology of gradable predicates, highlighting MPAs’ profile as strikingly overlapping with that of both relative and absolute predicates, two classes of gradable adjectives that are normally thought of as disjoint. Second, it affords a novel perspective on how gradability and modality, in conjunction with categories of human action such as value and practical commitments, are reflected in the grammatical behavior of these predicates and ultimately work together to enable us to express assessments in communication.
Bargaining Competition and Vertical Mergers: The Problem of Model Selection
Authors: Boshoff Willem H. , Froeb Luke M. , Marais Wihan , Minnie Roan J. , Tschantz Steven 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The assumptions that distinguish bargaining models from one another are rarely observed, but can predetermine their predictions. In this paper, we map various popular bargaining models into vertical merger predictions across two competitive landscapes that consist of either one upstream firm and two downstream firms, or vice-versa. The models’ assumptions vary with respect to: (i) How parties bargain (Derived Demand versus Nash-in-Nash versus Nash-in-Shapley); and (ii) Over what (linear wholesale prices versus two-part prices versus quantity). The paper and accompanying online vertical merger simulator are designed to help economists and enforcers select the bargaining model that best characterizes observed pre-merger competition, and the loss of such competition following a vertical merger, in a given setting. The paper is designed to supplement the horizontal and vertical merger simulators that have been developed by economists who have served at the Federal Trade Commission and Justice Department.
Industry Compliance Costs Under the Renewable Fuel Standard: Evidence from Compliance Credits
Authors: Wardle Arthur R. , Akhundjanov Sherzod B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The renewable fuel standard (RFS), which requires oil refineries to blend ethanol into domestic fuel supplies, is a market-based policy that implements tradable compliance credits so as better to equalize compliance costs across firms. We exploit unanticipated regulatory announcements that caused major swings in the prices of these compliance credits to retrieve reduced-form estimates of how the RFS affects the stock prices of publicly-traded refining firms. Our analysis reveals no significant stock price response among smaller firms in our sample and a small but statistically significant price response among large refiners. These findings are relevant to policy in that they cast doubt on concerns that the RFS allows integrated refiners to abuse merchant refiners. Our findings also shed light on the necessity of small refinery exemptions, which are intended to shield small, financially vulnerable refiners from RFS compliance costs.
Prediction of daily childhood asthma exacerbation from ambient meteorological, environmental risk factors and respiratory viruses, Philadelphia, PA, 2011 to 2016
Authors: Huang Wanyu , Robinson Lucy F. , Auchincloss Amy H. , Schinasi Leah H. , Moore Kari , Melly Steven , Forrest Christopher B. , Kenyon Chén C. , De Roos Anneclaire J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Childhood asthma exacerbation has multiple risk factors that occur concurrently in the environment — including extreme meteorological conditions, air pollution, aeroallergens, and respiratory virus infections. Few studies have predicted asthma exacerbation based on multiple time-varying environmental risk factors, together. In this study, we constructed an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to predict “high-risk” days for childhood asthma exacerbation in Philadelphia, PA from 2011 to 2016, during the aeroallergen season of each year, using a total of 28,540 asthma exacerbation case events identified from electronic health record (EHR) data. We selected predictors from quantile weighted sum regression (gQWS), incorporating temporal lags and season-stratification (early- vs. late-season), which were entered subsequently into multivariable ARIMA models. We found that daily nitrogen dioxide (NO2), as well as monthly rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection levels, were higher on the predicted “high-risk” days, as compared to days with lower childhood asthma exacerbation risk. The model performed better for late-season asthma exacerbation (July to October) than for early season (March to June). Future work and continued research is needed to facilitate local health guidelines pertaining to childhood asthma exacerbation.
Sex estimation with convolutional neural networks using the patella magnetic resonance image slices
Authors: Cavlak Nevin , Çınarer Gökalp , Erkoç Mustafa Fatih , Kılıç Kazım 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Conducting sex estimation based on bones through morphometric methods increases the need for automatic image analyses, as doing so requires experienced staff and is a time-consuming process. In this study, sex estimation was performed with the EfficientNetB3, MobileNetV2, Visual Geometry Group 16 (VGG16), ResNet50, and DenseNet121 architectures on patellar magnetic resonance images via a developed model. Within the scope of the study, 6710 magnetic resonance sagittal patella image slices of 696 patients (293 males and 403 females) were obtained. The performance of artificial intelligence algorithms was examined through deep learning architectures and the developed classification model. Considering the performance evaluation criteria, the best accuracy result of 88.88% was obtained with the ResNet50 model. In addition, the proposed model was among the best-performing models with an accuracy of 85.70%. When all these results were examined, it was concluded that positive sex estimation results could be obtained from patella magnetic resonance image (MRI) slices without the use of the morphometric method.
Refugee Integration in Germany: The Interplay of Othering, Digital Exclusion, and Identity Negotiation
Authors: Berg Miriam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study explores the multifaceted experiences of refugees in Hamburg, Germany, with a focus on how various forms of othering—social, cultural, linguistic, and digital—affect their integration. Through qualitative interviews with 62 refugees, the findings reveal that language acquisition, while often regarded as essential for integration, does not shield refugees from exclusion. Othering extends beyond linguistic differences, intersecting with gender, race, and religious identity, further complicating integration efforts, particularly for women. Additionally, the study identifies digital exclusion as another form of othering, termed “digital othering,” which restricts refugees’ access to social and economic participation while adversely affecting their psychological well-being and identity formation. Despite these challenges, refugees exhibit significant self-agency in navigating social and digital barriers. The findings underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to integration that transcends language proficiency and economic participation, addressing both social and digital forms of othering. This study calls for policies promoting equitable digital access, transforming digital spaces into platforms for empowerment, and fostering a more inclusive society. Drawing on social identity theory and the concept of othering, the research shows how societal narratives and digital exclusion intersect to shape refugee integration, advocating for inclusive strategies to tackle systemic inequalities.
Data Hazards as An Ethical Toolkit for Neuroscience
Authors: García Susana Román , Welsh Ceilidh , Di Cara Nina H. , Sterratt David C. , Romanò Nicola , Stefan Melanie I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Data Hazards framework (Zelenka, Di Cara, & Contributors, 2024) is intended to encourage thinking about the ethical implications of data science projects. It takes the form of community-designed data hazard labels, similar to warning labels on chemicals, that can encourage reflection and discussion on what ethical risks are associated with a project and how they can be mitigated. In this article, we explain how the Data Hazards framework can apply to neuroscience. We demonstrate how the hazard labels can be applied to one of our own projects, on the computational modelling of postsynaptic mechanisms.

Graphical Abstract
Retaking assessment system based on the inspiratory state of chest X-ray image
Authors: Matsubara Naoki , Teramoto Atsushi , Takei Manabu , Kitoh Yoshihiro , Kawakami Satoshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
When taking chest X-rays, the patient is encouraged to take maximum inspiration and the radiological technologist takes the images at the appropriate time. If the image is not taken at maximum inspiration, retaking of the image is required. However, there is variation in the judgment of whether retaking is necessary between the operators. Therefore, we considered that it might be possible to reduce variation in judgment by developing a retaking assessment system that evaluates whether retaking is necessary using a convolutional neural network (CNN). To train the CNN, the input chest X-ray image and the corresponding correct label indicating whether retaking is necessary are required. However, chest X-ray images cannot distinguish whether inspiration is sufficient and does not need to be retaken, or insufficient and retaking is required. Therefore, we generated input images and labels from dynamic digital radiography (DDR) and conducted the training. Verification using 18 dynamic chest X-ray cases (5400 images) and 48 actual chest X-ray cases (96 images) showed that the VGG16-based architecture achieved an assessment accuracy of 82.3% even for actual chest X-ray images. Therefore, if the proposed method is used in hospitals, it could possibly reduce the variability in judgment between operators.