bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception and Experiences of the Front Line Health Workers (FLWs) Attending Suspected or Confirmed Covid-19 Patients in Bangladesh: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Islam Bushra Zarin , Islam Mir Raihanul , Tune Samiun Nazrin Bente Kamal , Ahmed Syed Masud 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Front-line health workers (FLWs) are always at a very high risk of being infected by COVID 19 due to their close contact with patients; thus, proper protection is critical. Concerning the FLWs' safety, Bangladesh's haphazard health system preparedness response on the eve of the pandemic triggered an uncoordinated management crisis, making the FLWs even more vulnerable. This study aims to elicit FLWs' perceptions and experiences regarding personal safety against COVID-19 while attending suspected/confirmed cases in the pandemic's early days. Methods: A mixed-methods quick telephone survey of a cross-sectional design was conducted during April and May 2020. 60 FLWs of various categories and levels from 14 districts and 43 institutions participated in the study in two rounds (initial and follow up) by four weeks apart. The participants were chosen using a combination of purposive sampling and the snowball sampling method and responded to a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done for quantitative data, and qualitative data were thematically analysed.Results: The FLWs were obvious about the necessity of using Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) for suspected/confirmed COVID-19 cases with suspected/asymptomatic patients. All types and levels of FLWs did not get the needed formal training on COVID-19 management and prevention. During the initial round, only 75% and 57% FLWs received PPEs and training for their proper use, respectively. Concerns about spreading the infection to family members precipitated mental health problems for the FLWs, so they recommended some safety measures, e.g. separate accommodation, transport, modified duty roaster during COVID placement. After almost a month, the follow-up round showed that a total of 76% FLWs received PPEs, but only 20% received training about them during the last month. The recommended measures were found to be more beneficial for physicians than the other FLWs. Conclusion: COVID 19 highlighted the shortcomings of Bangladesh's health systems and the low priority given to public health. This hampered the COVID 19 response, which was late, fragmented, and poorly coordinated, putting the FLWs at risk even more. Nonetheless, a coordinated, integrated approach involving all relevant authorities is required, and the health ministry should direct an efficient and inclusive COVID response.
Synthesis and characterization of Fe(III)-Fe(II)-Mg-Al smectite solid solutions and implications for planetary science
Authors: Fox Valerie K. , Kupper Robert J. , Ehlmann Bethany L. , Catalano Jeffrey G. , Razzell-Hollis Joseph , Abbey William J. , Schild Dirk J. , Nickerson Ryan D. , Peters Jonas C. , Katz Sydney M. , White Annabelle C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study demonstrates the synergies and limits of multiple measurement types for the detection of smectite chemistry and oxidation state on planetary surfaces to infer past geochemical conditions. Smectite clay minerals are common products of water-rock interactions throughout the solar system, and their detection and characterization provides important clues about geochemical conditions and past environments if sufficient information about their composition can be discerned. Here, we synthesize and report on the spectroscopic properties of a suite of smectite samples that span the intermediate compositional range between Fe(II), Fe(III), Mg, and Al end-member species using bulk chemical analyses, X-ray diffraction, Vis/IR reflectance spectroscopy, UV and green-laser Raman spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Our data show that smectite composition and the oxidation state of octahedral Fe can be reliably identified in the near infrared on the basis of combination and fundamental metal-OH stretching modes between 2.1–2.9 μm, which vary systematically with chemistry. Smectites dominated by Mg or Fe(III) have spectrally distinct fundamental and combination stretches, whereas Al-rich and Fe(II)-rich smectites have similar fundamental minima near 2.76 μm, but have distinct combination M-OH features between 2.24 and 2.36 μm. We show that with expanded spectral libraries that include intermediate composition smectites and both Fe(III) and Fe(II) oxidation states, more refined characterization of smectites from MIR data is now possible, as the position of the 450 cm–1 absorption shifts systematically with octahedral Fe content, although detailed analysis is best accomplished in concert with other characterization methods. Our data also provide the first Raman spectral libraries of smectite clays as a function of chemistry, and we demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy at multiple excitation wavelengths can qualitatively distinguish smectite clays of different structures and can enhance interpretation by other types of analyses. Our sample set demonstrates how X-ray diffraction can distinguish between dioctahedral and trioctahedral smectites using either the (02,11) or (06,33) peaks, but auxiliary information about chemistry and oxidation state aids in specific identifications. Finally, the temperature-dependent isomer shift and quadrupole splitting in Mössbauer data are insensitive to changes in Fe content but reliability differentiates Fe within the smectite mineral structure.
Representación, significado e interacción en el acoso escolar juvenil
Authors: Gómez Cabrera Alejandra Patricia 
Published: June 2021

El acoso escolar es una problemática que trasciende la violencia física y cuyas implicaciones afectan la convivencia de un modo sutil e implícito, en el que los alumnos son marginados al nivel de su afectividad e identidades. Comprender el acoso escolar como una forma de interacción fundada en el hostigamiento al que dan lugar los procesos de estigmatización y asimetrías emocionales entre alumnos, es una propuesta que trasciende la óptica de la mayoría de los trabajos que, desde el enfoque comunicacional, abordan el estudio de la violencia suscitada en los contenidos mediáticos, las políticas gubernamentales y el crimen organizado. En este escenario, autores como Goffman (2008) Foucault (2001) y Gaulejac (2009) destacan por sus aportaciones al estudio del estigma, mientras que para la noción de asimetría emocional se retoman aspectos tratados por Collins (2008), Maturana (1997) y Elías (2008). Esta investigación es producto de un ejercicio de redes semánticas aplicado a 143 alumnos del Colegio de Ciencias y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, con el objetivo de comprender el significado del que los alumnos dotan al acoso escolar y sus implicaciones en la convivencia cotidiana a nivel de la afectividad y la identidad.
El capital social en universitarios de Cartagena: confianza, acción colectiva, empoderamiento y acción política
Authors: González Rocío M. , Palacio Jorge 
Published: June 2021

El estudio indagó las características del capital social en universitarios (N=353) desde la Confianza, Acción colectiva, Empoderamiento y Acción política, mediante el instrumento Cuestionario integrado para la medición del capital social (INQUESOC) del Banco Mundial. El comportamiento predominante es no confiar en la mayoría de las personas, funcionarios del gobierno local y nacional, extendiéndose estos niveles de desconfianza hasta las relaciones en el barrio, mientras que confían más en Profesores y profesionales de la salud. La solidaridad es reflejada en la construcción de relaciones de intercambio recíprocas. Las relaciones colectivas son débiles para el trabajo conjunto y desinterés de un bien colectivo que les haga movilizar. Se evidenció una disminución para reconocerse como sujeto activo y de cambio, y poco compromiso en aspectos de la vida política. Estos hallazgos añaden una contribución significativa, en cuanto a indicadores de baja asociatividad, conciencia política y empoderamiento colectivo, lo que hace que se vea disminuido el Capital Social.
Consideraciones generativas de un pensamiento revolucionario
Authors: Aguirre Betancurt Daniel Andres 
Published: June 2021

Apreciado doctor Chomsky
Es un gusto para mí dirigirme a uno de los pensadores más influyentes del siglo XX, si se consideran su obra en el campo de la lingüística y sus planteamientos críticos sobre política y filosofía. Para serle honesto, no era de mi conocimiento sus más de treinta publicaciones, sus debates sobre el mercado y la política de su país o las dis- cusiones con personajes tan importantes en la psicología como F. Skinner o Michel Foucault, además de su visita a Colombia donde recibió el doctorado honoris causa por la Universidad Nacional en el 2002. Estas situaciones de- muestran el punto de quiebre que ha generado su postura y las posibilidades de trabajar sobre el problema del hombre y su vasto desarrollo desde puntos de vista diferentes.
उपचार आर्द्रभूमियााँ
Authors: Dotro Gabriela , Langergraber Günter , Molle Pascal , Nivala Jaime , Puigagut Jaume , Stein Otto , von Sperling Marcos 
Published: June 2021

उपचार आर्द्रभूमियााँ ‘जैविक अपमिष्ट जल’ िें सातिाृं खृंड है
उपचार श्ृंखर ला, जो सीिेज उपचार के विज्ञान और तकनीक की अत्याधुननक प्रस्तुनत देती है। आर्द्रभूमि प्रणामलयों के प्रिुख प्रकार इस खृंड िें िामिल हैं, नाितः: (i) क्षैनतज प्रिाह आर्द्रभूमि; (ii) ऊध्िारधर प्रिाह आर्द्रभूमि; (iii) फ्रें च ऊध्िारधर प्रिाह आर्द्रभूमि; (iv) सघन आर्द्रभूमि; (v) िुक्त जल सतह आर्द्रभूमि; (vi) उपचार आर्द्रभूमि के अन्य अनुप्रयोि। पुस्तक िुख्य अिधारणाओृं, कािकाजी मसद्धाृंतों, अपेक्षक्षत प्रदिरन, डडजाइन िानदृंड, डडजाइन उदाहरण, ननिारण पहलुओृं और पररचालन द्रदिाननदेिों को स्पष्ट और उपचारात्िक तरीके से प्रस्तुत करती है। पुस्तक को उपचार के क्षेत्र के िीर्र वििेर्ज्ञों की एक अृंतरराष्रीय टीि ने मलखा है।
श्ृंखर ला के बारे िें:
इस बहुप्रिृंमसत श्ृंखर ला िें सात पाठ्यपुस्तकें िामिल हैं - वप्रटृं िें या िुक्त-अमभिि ई-पुस्तकों के रूप िें उपलब्लध - जो जैविक अपमिष्ट जल उपचार के विज्ञान और तकनीक की एक अत्याधुननक प्रस्तुनत प्रदान करती हैं। विकमसत और विकासिील देिों िें छात्रों, िोधकतारओृं और अभ्यासकों द्िारा श्ृंखर ला के सभी खण्डों का व्यापक रूप से उपयोि क्रकया िया है। जैविक अपमिष्ट जल उपचार श्ृंखर ला िें िीर्कर हैं: खृंड 1: अपमिष्ट जल के लक्षण, उपचार और ननपटानखृंड 2: अपमिष्ट जल उपचार के िूल मसद्धाृंतखृंड 3: अपमिष्ट स्स्िरीकरण तालाबखृंड 4: अिायािीय ररएक्टरखृंड 5: सक्रिय कीचड़ और िायुजीिी बायोक्रिल्ि ररएक्टरखृंड 6: कीचड़ उपचार और ननपटानखृंड 7: उपचार आर्द्रभूमियााँ
आईएसबीएन: 9781780408767 (पेपरबैक)
आईएसबीएन: 9781789062564 (ई-पुस्तक)
Daily vs. hourly simulation for estimating future flood peaks in mesoscale catchments
Authors: Beylich Marcus , Haberlandt Uwe , Reinstorf Frido 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Daily hydrological models are commonly used to study changes in flood peaks due to climate change. Although they often lead to an underestimation of absolute floods, it is assumed that future flood peaks in smaller mesoscale catchments are less underestimated when examining the relative change signal of floods. In this study, the applicability of this hypothesis is investigated by comparing the results of a daily hydrological model set, calibrated on runoff hydrographs, with an hourly model set calibrated on flood peak distributions. For analysis, a daily RCP8.5 climate model ensemble is disaggregated to hourly values and the runoff is simulated on a daily and hourly basis for six mesoscale catchments in Central Germany. Absolute floods and relative flood changes are compared between both model sets. The results show significant differences between the absolute floods of both model sets, in most cases caused by underestimations due to the daily modeling process. In contrast, the differences between the two model sets are not significant for the relative change signal of the floods, especially for higher return periods. To improve results in climate studies with coarse modeling time step, the use of relative change signal of floods instead of absolute values is recommended.
From Anti-infective Agents to Cancer Therapy: A Drug Repositioning Study Revealed a New Use for Nitrofuran Derivatives
Authors: Ortore Gabriella , Poli Giulio , Martinelli Adriano , Tuccinardi Tiziano , Rizzolio Flavio , Caligiuri Isabella 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The progression of ovarian cancer seems to be related to HDAC1, HDAC3,
and HDAC6 activity. A possible strategy for improving therapies for treating ovarian carcinoma,
minimizing the preclinical screenings, is the repurposing of already approved pharmaceutical products
as inhibitors of these enzymes.

Objective:
This work was aimed to implement a computational strategy for identifying new HDAC
inhibitors for ovarian carcinoma treatment among approved drugs.

Method:
The CHEMBL database was used to construct training, test, and decoys sets for performing
and validating HDAC1, HDAC3 and HDAC6 3D-QSAR models obtained by using the FLAP program.
Docking and MD simulations were used in combination with the generated models to identify
novel potential HDAC inhibitors. Cell viability assays and Western blot analyses were performed on
normal and cancer cells for a direct evaluation of the anti-proliferative activity and an in vitro estimation
of HDAC inhibition of the compounds selected through in silico screening.

Result:
The best quantitative prediction was obtained for the HDAC6 3D-QSAR model. The screening
of approved drugs highlighted a new potential use as HDAC inhibitors for some compounds, in
particular nitrofuran derivatives, usually known for their antibacterial activity and frequently used as
antimicrobial adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment. Experimental evaluation of these derivatives
highlighted a significant antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines overexpressing HDAC6,
and an increase in acetylated alpha-tubulin levels.

Conclusion:
Experimental results support the hypothesis of potential direct interaction of nitrofuran
derivatives with HDACs. In addition to the possible repurposing of already approved drugs, this
work suggests the nitro group as a new zinc-binding group, able to interact with the catalytic zinc ion
of HDACs.
Anticancer Effects of Tacrolimus on Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
in Mice
Authors: Mahmoud Shireen S. , Hussein Samia , Rashed Hayam , Abdelghany Eman M. A. , Ali Alaa I. 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor widely used for immunological disorders.
However, there is significant controversy regarding its effect on the liver. The present study
was conducted to evaluate the anticancer effects of tacrolimus on an induced murine hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) model and its possible hepatotoxicity at standard therapeutic doses.

Methods:
Fifty-four male mice were divided into five groups: a control healthy group, control
HCC group, tacrolimus-treated group, doxorubicin (DOXO)-treated group, and combined tacrolimus-
and DOXO-treated group. The activity of liver enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, gamma-
glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase,
was determined. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured using an enzyme-
linked immunosorbent assay. A quantitative real time- polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR)
was conducted to measure the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bax,
and p53 mRNA. Immunohistochemical staining for cyclin D1 and VEGF was performed.

Results:
Mice that received combined treatment with tacrolimus and DOXO exhibited the best improvement
in all parameters when compared with the groups that received DOXO or tacrolimus
alone (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The combination of DOXO and tacrolimus was more effective in the management of
HCC compared with either agent alone. This improvement was detected by the reduction of liver
enzymes and the improvement of the histopathological profile. The involved mechanisms included
significant apoptosis induction demonstrated by upregulation of bax along with a reduction in angiogenesis
demonstrated by downregulation of VEGF. This was accompanied by inhibition of cell
cycle progression mediated by upregulated p53 and downregulated PCNA and cyclin D1.
Numerical Simulation and Experimentation of Atomization Field of
Fan-Shaped Atomization Nozzle for UAV
Authors: Xiao Maohua , Zhao Yuanfang , Sun Zhenmin , Liu Chaohui , Zhang Tianpeng 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Due to the influence of external wind speed and their flight speed, the droplets
sprayed by the plant protection Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have serious drift and volatilization.

Objective:
The aim was to study the atomization characteristics of the fan-shaped atomizing nozzle of
UAV under different inlet pressures and in different internal cavity diameters.

Methods:
Firstly, the Realizable k-ε turbulence model, DPM discrete phase model, and TAB breakup
model are used to make a numerical simulation of the spray process of the nozzle. Then, the SIMPLE
algorithm is used to obtain the droplet size distribution diagram of the nozzle atomization field. At last,
the related test methods are used to study its atomization performance and the changes of atomization
angle and droplet velocity under different inlet pressures and in different internal cavity diameters; the
distribution of droplet size is also discussed.

Results:
The research results show that when the diameter of the internal cavity is the same, as the inlet
pressure increases, the spray cone angle of the nozzle and the droplet velocity at the same distance from
the nozzle increase. As the distance from the nozzle increases, the droplet velocity decreases gradually,
the droplet size distribution moves to the direction of small diameter, and the droplets in the anti-drift
droplet size area increase. Under the same inlet pressure, as the diameter of the internal cavity increases,
the spray cone angle first increases and then decreases, and the droplet velocity at the same distance
from the nozzle increases. As the distance from the nozzle increases, the droplet velocity decreases
gradually, the droplet size distribution moves to the direction of large diameter, and the size of the large
droplets increases, thereby, not meeting the condition of anti-drift volatilization effect.

Conclusion:
Under the parameters set in this study, i.e., when the inlet pressure was 0.6 MPa, and the
internal cavity diameter was 2 mm, the best atomization result was obtained.
Methodology for constructing digital twins in railway transport
Authors: Shevchenko D. V. 
Published: June 2021

Fourth industrial revolution covers all areas of human economic activity, including areas related to the design and operation of various products (nuclear power plant building, freight car, MEMS devices, etc.) throughout their entire life cycle. One of the main tools for digital transformation of industry to meet new competitive requirements is the Digital Twin, which is always built for a specific physical object. The introduction of digital twins technology into the life cycle of a freight car will increase economic efficiency throughout its life cycle.Effective use of the digital twin technology is possible only when an adequate virtual model of the space surrounding this physical object is created. In this regard, predicting the behavior of a structure during motion on the basis of a high-precision model of a digital twin of a physical object requires the creation of a virtual space in which a virtual operation area will be implemented, which provides the possibility of mathematical modeling of motion. To do this, it is necessary to create virtual stands and operation areas, where it will be possible to carry out numerical tests. Creation of a high-quality virtual space will drastically reduce the number of field tests carried out, and study the effect of a larger number of parameters on the performance characteristics of a physical object.Creation and use of digital twins is consistent with the goals, objectives and action plan of the Strategy for the development of transport engineering in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030. The introduction of digital twins in railway transport, in particular in freight rolling stock, will make it possible to correctly assign the service life, overhaul times, and increase operational efficiency, collect information about the real load, etc. To maintain competitive advantages over other modes of transport, the transport industry needs to develop towards the introduction of elements of the fourth industrial revolution, including digital twins.
Compliance with Postoperative Recommendations by Patients with Different Psychological Types after Early Implant Loading Treatment
Authors: Pelekhan Bogdan , Rozhko Mykola , Pelekhan Lyubomyr , Rozhko Olena 
Published: June 2021

The objective of the research was to explore the relationship between different psychological types of patients with an edentulous mandible and their attitudes toward postoperative recommendations and prescriptions after early implant loading treatment.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted at the Dentistry Center (University Clinic, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University), November 2019 - March 2020. Study group consisted of 28 individuals with an edentulous mandible. Patients were divided into subgroups (philosophical, exacting-mind, indifferent, and hysterical) based on their mental characteristics. Surveys about complaints, compliance with postoperative recommendations and prescriptions were performed on the 2nd, 4th, 8-10th and 12-14th days after surgical treatment.
Results. Clinical evaluation data, patients’ complaints, and compliance with the postoperative treatment protocol after early implant loading treatment were analyzed. The degree of compliance to prescribed recommendations in patients with different psychological types were evaluated and discussed.
Conclusions. According to the results within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that compliance with postoperative recommendations and prescriptions is highly dependent on the patient’ psychological type.