bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Krisendienst in Bayern
Authors: Welschehold Michael 
Published: August 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSeit der Psychiatrie-Enquete wird qualifizierte ambulante Soforthilfe für Menschen in seelischen Krisen und psychischen Notlagen gefordert. Auf Grundlage des Bayerischen Psychisch-Kranken-Hilfe-Gesetzes wurde dieser Forderung durch Einführung von Krisendiensten in Bayern entsprochen. Damit sind erstmals in einem Bundesland alle rechtlichen, finanziellen und strukturellen Voraussetzungen für flächendeckende Krisenhilfe geschaffen und die Versorgungslücke geschlossen worden. Um ihre Wirkung voll entfalten zu können, sind Krisendienste als neues Hilfsangebot bestmöglich in die regionalen Versorgungsstrukturen zu integrieren. Dann kann landesweit jedem in eine seelische Notlage geratenen Menschen umfassende 24/7 Soforthilfe geleistet und zugleich das Versorgungssystem gezielt entlastet werden.
Molecular Characterization Identifies Upstream Presence of ISAba1 to OXA Carbapenemase Genes in Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Gandham Nageswari , Gupta Neetu , Vyawahare Chanda , Mirza Shahzad Beg , Misra Rabindra Nath 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background Evaluating the expression pattern of oxacillinases (OXA) carbapenemases is essential to understand the prevalence and spread of carbapenem resistance Acinetobacter baumannii.
Objectives The aim of the study is to evaluate the presence of OXA carbapenemase genes and ISAba1 upstream to these genes in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii clinical isolates.
Materials and Methods A. baumannii isolated from clinical samples were phenotypically identified and antibiotics sensitivity was performed. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect OXA51-like gene, OXA carbapenemases genes (OXA-23-like, OXA-24-like, and OXA-58-like), and ISAba1 in carbapenem-resistant isolates.
Results Out of 55 Acinetobacter isolates, 54 were confirmed as A. baumannii by PCR. Bla
OXA-23-like gene was observed in 51 isolates of A. baumannii and none of the isolates showed the presence of bla
OXA-24-like and bla
OXA-58-like genes. Presence of ISAba1 upstream to OXA-23-like gene, OXA-51-like gene, and both OXA-51-like/OXA-23-like genes was observed in 51, 7, and 4 A. baumannii isolates, respectively.
Conclusion The genetic pattern of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolated in this study was unique, which should be factored for clinical protocols to manage infections caused by emerging resistant strains of A. baumannii.
Molecular mechanism of capsid disassembly in hepatitis B virus
Authors: Ghaemi Zhaleh , Gruebele Martin , Tajkhorshid Emad 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a DNA virus that is 100 times more infectious than HIV. Despite the availability of a vaccine, the chronic infection rate of this virus is still over 250 million people globally. HBV chronic infection, for which no cure is currently available, can lead to liver cancer. Therefore, there is an unmet need to investigate the infection cycle of the virus. One of the most crucial steps in the virus-replication cycle is the release of its genetic material to the nucleus. During this step, the viral capsid enclosing the genetic material disassembles. However, its mechanism is unknown. Here, we utilize molecular simulations to shed light on the events leading to the capsid disassembly with atomistic detail.
Short-range exposure to airborne virus transmission and current guidelines
Authors: Wang Jietuo , Alipour Mobin , Soligo Giovanni , Roccon Alessio , De Paoli Marco , Picano Francesco , Soldati Alfredo 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Violent expiratory events like coughs and sneezes represent an important route for the spread of respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. We use finely resolved experiments and simulations to quantify how the turbulent cloud of moist air exhaled during a sneeze largely increases the airborne time and the lifespan of virus-loaded droplets. By providing visualizations of the spatial distribution of the virus copies, we highlight the high infection risk associated with droplets that remain airborne in the near proximity of an infected individual. The present study aims at raising awareness among public health authorities about this infection risk, which is grossly underestimated by current guidelines.
RNA-bound PGC-1α controls gene expression in liquid-like nuclear condensates
Authors: Pérez-Schindler Joaquín , Kohl Bastian , Schneider-Heieck Konstantin , Leuchtmann Aurel B. , Henríquez-Olguín Carlos , Adak Volkan , Maier Geraldine , Delezie Julien , Sakoparnig Thomas , Vargas-Fernández Elyzabeth , Karrer-Cardel Bettina , Ritz Danilo , Schmidt Alexander , Hondele Maria , Jensen Thomas E. , Hiller Sebastian , Handschin Christoph 
Published: August 2021

Significance
The function of tissues is controlled by complex biological processes, in which transcriptional mechanisms play a fundamental role. The transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α is a prototypical regulator of adaptive responses evoked by environmental and internal cues (e.g. exercise-adaptation in skeletal muscle). Here, we found that PGC-1α-RNA–binding is central to assemble multiprotein complexes controlling gene transcription. Interestingly, PGC-1α-RNA–binding also regulates chromatin recruitment in transcriptionally active liquid-like nuclear condensates. Collectively, our findings unravel mechanistic insights into the regulation of complex transcriptional networks by PGC-1α, which we demonstrate to be essential to enhance the expression of key genes controlling skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism.
Direct visualization of superselective colloid-surface binding mediated by multivalent interactions
Authors: Linne Christine , Visco Daniele , Angioletti-Uberti Stefano , Laan Liedewij , Kraft Daniela J. 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Multivalent interactions are an ensemble of multiple weak bonds that in a concerted effort can create a strong bond. Multivalent interactions often mediate adhesion in biological systems, where receptors and ligands are typically integrated in a fluidic membrane and thus laterally mobile on the surface. A characteristic property of multivalency is superselectivity: the ability to distinguish between surfaces based on receptor density. The results shown in this study provide quantitative insight into superselective binding of surface mobile receptors and ligands, important for adhesion to biological interfaces and applications, such as the design of drug delivery platforms.
Multiple roles for PARP1 in ALC1-dependent nucleosome remodeling
Authors: Ooi Soon-Keat , Sato Shigeo , Tomomori-Sato Chieri , Zhang Ying , Wen Zhihui , Banks Charles A. S. , Washburn Michael P. , Unruh Jay R. , Florens Laurence , Conaway Ronald C. , Conaway Joan W. 
Published: August 2021

Significance
SNF2 family member ALC1 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase PARP1 work together in a coupled enzyme system to remodel chromatin in DNA repair and other nuclear processes. ALC1 is overexpressed in many cancers and can render tumors resistant to PARP inhibitors. Illuminating the function of the ALC1-PARP1 pathway will be important for understanding its role in tumorigenesis. Here, we define multiple contributions of PARP1 to ALC1–PARP1-mediated chromatin remodeling.
Navigating the complex social ecology of screen-based activity in video-mediated interaction
Authors: Balaman Ufuk , Pekarek Doehler Simona 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Task-oriented video-mediated interaction takes place within a complex digital-social ecology which presents, to
participants, a practical problem of social coordination: How to navigate, in mutually accountable ways, between interacting with
the remote co-participants and scrutinizing one’s own screen –which suspends interaction–, for instance when searching for
information on a search engine. Using conversation analysis for the examination of screen-recorded dyadic interactions, this study
identifies a range of practices participants draw on to alert co-participants to incipient suspensions of talk. By accounting for
such suspensions as being task-related through verbal alerts, typically in the form let me/let’s X, participants
successfully ‘buy time’, which allows them to fully concentrate on their screen activity and thereby ensure the progression of
task accomplishment. We discuss how these findings contribute to our understanding of the complex ecologies of technology-mediated
interactions.
Sex differences in neck strength and head impact kinematics in university rugby union players
Authors: Williams Elisabeth M. P. , Petrie Freja J. , Pennington Thomas N. , Powell David R. L. , Arora Hari , Mackintosh Kelly A. , Greybe Desney G. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTGlobally, over three million women participate in rugby union, yet injury prevention and training strategies are predominantly based on androcentric data. These strategies may have limited generalisability to females, given the cervical spine is more susceptible to whiplash and less adept at resisting inertial loading. A total of 53 university rugby union players (25 female, 28 male, 20.7 ± 1.8 years) had their isometric neck strength measured. Bespoke instrumented mouthguards were used to record the magnitude of head impact events in six female and seven male competitive matches. Mean female maximal isometric neck strength was 47% lower than male. Independent samples Mann–Whitney U tests showed no significant differences for peak linear head acceleration (female: median 11.7 g, IQR 7.9 g; male: median 12.5 g, IQR 7.0 g p=.23) or peak rotational head acceleration (female: median 800.2 rad·s−2, IQR 677.7 rad·s−2; male: median 849.4 rad·s−2, IQR 479.8 rad·s−2; p=.76), despite the mean male body mass being 24% greater than female. Coded video analysis revealed substantial differences in head‐impact mechanisms; uncontrolled whiplash dominated >50% of all recorded female impact events and <0.5% in males. Direct head‐to‐ground impacts comprised 26.1% of female and 9.7% of male impacts, with whiplash occurring in 78.0% and 0.5%, respectively. Overall, the data provided in this study do not support the generalisation of male‐derived training and injury‐prevention data to female rugby athletes. These results suggest a considerable research effort is required to identify specific weakness of female rugby players and derive appropriate training, injury prevention and return to play protocols.Highlights
Video analysis revealed substantial differences in head‐impact mechanisms, with uncontrolled whiplash dominating >50% of all recorded female impact events but rarely in males.
Isometric neck strength was 47% lower in female players than males.
Direct head‐to‐ground impacts accounted for 26.1% and 9.7% of female and male impacts, with whiplash occurring in 78.0% and 0.5%, respectively.
Mechanical properties study of polycarbonate and other thermoplastic polymers
Authors: Hafad Sanaa A , Hamood Abdalkhalaq F , AlSalihi Hind A , Ibrahim Slafa I , Abdullah Awfa A , Radhi Amera A , Al-Ghezi Moafaq K , Alogaidi Bashar R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The polymeric materials in this study underwent mechanical tests (tensile test, impact resistance and hardness), which explained the use of polymeric materials in engineering and industrial applications that need good mechanical properties compared to metals, ceramic materials and woods, and this is a good thing because it is characterized by low cost and high efficiency with application performance In this study, the polycarbonate polymer was characterized by its high tensile strength in the event of breakage, but the elongation values decreased compared with the polypropylene and polyethylene polymers, which were characterized by high elongation at the expense of tensile strength, as the polycarbonate polymer acted as a brittle material as for resistance to shock, which reflected the amount of energy absorbed From the striking hammer, the impact resistance of high-density polyethylene increased compared to other polymers, as well as the hardness whose values were close to the three types of polymers used, which confirms the importance of these types in the application used in engineering.
Modern Strategy with Risk Mitigation of Future Renewable Energy in Iraq
Authors: Allw Ali Sabri , Wasan Zaki Mohammad A.L , Mustafa Al-Attar Falah Ibrahim 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Iraq suffers from electricity shortages, through the local market and government institutions, has preliminary and applied information in the field of renewable energies, represented by solar energy, wind energy and bio-energy, at a simple level and small capacities, and in the near future it will rise to the levels of high energy stations. Note that the National Energy Strategy has set the percentage of renewable energy participation from total electric energy to reach 5%, about 2 Gigawatt by the year 2030. The plan includes several interval times, including the introduction of renewable energy in the agricultural sector to withdraw and pump water in drip irrigation systems, and the use of solar water heaters and heating systems and lighting systems operating with photovoltaic solar energy, as well as manufacturing all solar energy supplies and systems such as batteries, inverters, electric charger, solar heaters and solar panels, the effect of education and rationalization of consumption, increasing the efficiency of the use of electric energy, recycling waste to get rid of environmental pollution and producing biogas by Medium and large entrepreneurial systems in Iraqi cities. As well as the introduction of green building techniques in building homes, buildings and residential complexes to reduce electrical energy consumption with the introduction of solar-powered air conditioning systems. Reducing risks in renewable energy projects depends on several factors, including technology risks, monetary currency, natural resources, electrical grid risks, political risks, and the most dangerous are the risks resulting from terrorism and thefts at present in Iraq and requires an advanced and secure security system. Based on public datasets and reasonable assumptions, the provisional results obtained suggest the following; solar PV zones are located in the western region of Al-Anbar along the Jordanian Border. Despite the large capacities of these clusters, they are located at more than 300 km from Baghdad; wind zones are spread across the north-western area of Al-Anbar and south-eastern region, from Baghdad to Al-Basrah governorates.
The Best Practices in Delay and disruption analysis in Iraq’s construction sector
Authors: Shakir Layth Qasim , Mohammed Sawsan Rasheed 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Delay and disturbance analysis (DD) is a significant cause of claims and conflicts in the Iraqi building industry, frequently resulting in time and expense overruns. The extent to which each contracting party is responsible for the postponed job execution and additional expenses incurred is often at the heart of the dispute. Various methodologies have been developed over time to answer this question. This research was undertaken using a mixed-method approach, which involved a detailed examination of the related literature first. Due to programming and record-keeping shortcomings, the primary finding is that DD testing methodologies with major defects in the literature were the most widely found in use. To encourage the use of more efficient methodologies that ensure greater efficiency, a scheme integrating best practice recommendations for promoting better record-keeping and programming practice has been established efficient claims settlement with fewer chances of conflicts.
A review on Supercapacitors: types and components
Authors: Jalal Noor I. , Ibrahim Raheek I. , Oudah Manal K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe importance of Super-capacitors (SCs) stems from their distinctive properties including long cycle life, high strength and environment friendly, they are sharing similar fundamental equations as the traditional capacitors; for attaining high capacitances SC using electrodes materials with thinner dielectrics and high specific surface area. In this review paper, all types of SCs were covered, depending on the energy storage mechanism; a brief overview of the materials and technologies used for SCs is presented. The major concentration is on materials like the metal oxides, carbon materials, conducting polymers along with their composites. The composites’ performance was examined via parameters like capacitance, energy, cyclic performance power and the rate capability also presents details regarding the electrolyte materials.
Mathematical model of the sensor for controling the condition of the track section with an adaptive receiver at the free condition of the controlled section
Authors: Aliev Ravshan M. , Aliev Marat M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
One of the promising areas of improvement of sensors for monitoring the condition of track sections is the development of controlling sensors, which are less dependent on changes in ballast resistance, longitudinal asymmetry and standard value of shunt sensitivity, such a direction is the development of adaptive track circuits [1-5]. The article proposes a control sensor with an adaptive receiver, principle of operation of which is that monitoring the state of the track section depends on the parameters of adjacent monitoring sensors, included in the common controlled zone CZ.
Mathematical model and analytical expressions have been developed taking into account the resistance of the rails and the resistance of the insulation being carried out [6]. Proposed the coefficients of a rail fourpole with one of the choke-transformer, powered with one side. The calculated expressions of the fourpole and the criteria for the sensitivity of the rail circuit when one line is broken are presented and derived, and also the minimum transmission resistance [6].
The Effect of Construction Joint on Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Dapped End Beam
Authors: Hussain Hussain Ali , Shadhan Khalid K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis research aims to investigate experimentally the attitude and performance of hybrid reinforced concrete Dapped End Beams. The study consists of testing thirteen specimens, all of which have similar dimensions (1000 * 120 * 250 mm). Three specimens were considered as control specimens (non-hybrid concrete) and the other specimens were strengthened in (nib and D-region) by using two types of concrete (high-strength concrete, steel fiber reinforced concrete) and with construction joint. The experimental results showed that the presence of the construction joint in the reentrant corner of specimens with non-hybrid normal concrete and specimens with non-hybrid high strength concrete leads to a decrease in strength of about (33%) and (6%), respectively and does not lead to a decrease in strength in the concrete specimens reinforced with steel fibers. Also, the presence of the construction joint in the D- region in normal non-hybrid concrete specimens and non-hybrid high strength concrete specimens as well as non-hybrid steel reinforced concrete specimens leads to an increase in the strength of about (0.5%), (10%) and (1%), respectively.
Medical Image Encryption Based on Hybrid AES with Chaotic Map
Authors: Hashim Ashwaq T. , Jabbar Amira K. , Hassan Qussay F. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Patient privacy and image protection is an obligation. Data privacy, data protection, and security must be provided by using encryption to ensure confidentiality. Currently, there are numerous standard traditional encryption algorithms. Most of these are suitable for a text file. It is challenging to employ these algorithms for images or videos directly because of strong adjacent pixels correlations. Decreasing the correlation among the surrounding pixels reduces the detail. An algorithm based on a quadratic map is applied as a preprocessing step to nullify the relationship between pixels and reduce the entropy. The AES image encryption is performed for confusion and diffusion, which are necessary for confidentiality. The security analysis findings indicate that the sensitive encryption and decryption techniques are highly dependent on any improvement in the key. The encryption solution is broad enough to avoid brute-force attacks. Thus, during the transfer of medical images over the network, protection can become an issue.
A Novel Design Reconfigurable Antenna Based on the Metamaterial for Wearable Applications
Authors: Gburi Mohaimen Al , Ilyas Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A novel design of wearable antenna depending on metamaterials inspired-fractal Minkowski-shaped for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) applications is presented. The antenna consists of a conventional monopole and a Chebyshev transformer coupled with a unit cell of a fractal Minkowski curve to obtain three bands covering the ISM and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications. To enhance the antenna performance, the authors proposed the Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) layer of 3×4 array is introduced into the design structure. The authors used material FR4 dielectric as a substrate to design the antenna with dimensions of 51mm x 45mm x 1.6mm and fed by a 50 Ω port. The Antenna performance is analyzed numerically using CST Microwave Studio (CSTMWS) depending the Finite Integral Technique (FIT). Various investigation analyses have carried out to verify optimum antenna performance. The proposed antenna realizes reconfiguration by using the PIN diode. In both cases (switching= ON, OFF) the antenna achieves good bandwidth, |S11|<-10dB, and excellent impedance matching.
Engine performance and PM concentrations from the combustion of Iraqi sunflower oil biodiesel under variable diesel engine operating conditions
Authors: Fayad Mohammed A. , Chaichan Miqdam T. , Dhahad Hayder A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The most desirable alternative fuels are biodiesel among several of alternative fuels to use in diesel engines. The biodiesel used in this study is sunflowers oil which derived from local renewable sources. Also, biodiesel considered a best alternative to conventional diesel because it clean and environment friendly. The experimental results shown that the biodiesel blends (B20, B50, and B100) increased the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared with pure diesel fuel. According to the results, it is indicated that the biodiesel blends reduced the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and exhaust gas temperatures (EGT) during the combustion of B20, B50, and B100 for all engine operating conditions. The exhaust gas temperature and BSFC increased with increase the operating conditions of engine loads and speeds. The data indicated that PM concentrations reduced with biodiesel blends combustion compared with diesel under variable engine loads and speeds. Besides that the concentrations of PM reduced by 16.847, 28, and 43.34% combustion of B20, B50, and B100, when compared with petroleum diesel under the same conditions of engine loads and speeds. The results give insight that the oxygen content in the biodiesel has favourable effect on reducing the PM concentrations.