bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does life history mediate discharge as a driver of multi‐decadal changes in populations of freshwater fish?
Authors: Lyon Jarod P. , Bird Tomas , Tonkin Zeb , Raymond Scott , Sharley Joanne , Hale Robin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnderstanding how and why the size of populations varies is critical knowledge for conservation and management. While considerable work has explored how different demographic parameters affect population growth, less is known the drivers of variability in these parameters. Long‐term time series tracking population size that are coupled with empirical data to examine the relative importance of different drivers are rare, especially in freshwater systems. Even rarer are studies that collect this information concurrently from multiple species with contrasting life history strategies in the same system to assess whether population size and the relative importance of drivers also vary. We studied changes in the abundance and size structure of four native freshwater fish species in the Murray River, southeastern Australia, over a continuous 19‐yr period. Two species with traits typical of “equilibrium” species (Murray codMaccullochella peeliiand trout codMaccullochella macquariensis) and two with traits of “periodic” species (golden perchMacquaria ambiguaand silver perchBidyanus bidyanus) were sampled annually and capture–mark–recapture modeling was used to ask (1) how did population size change during this period, (2) how were changes in population size related to variability in hydrology, and (3) how were changes in population size driven by different processes (local recruitment or migration events)? Populations of all four species varied throughout the study, and our results are consistent with the notion that local recruitment is an important driver of this variability for Murray cod and trout cod, whereas immigration is more important for the two other species. Increases in spring river discharge strongly influenced these responses for trout cod and golden perch. Our study provides fundamental insights into the population dynamics of these valued species, and how management strategies might differ based on their life histories. Management should focus on allowing connectivity for golden and silver perch, and on promoting local scale recruitment and survival for Murray cod and trout cod. More generally, our study highlights the importance of understanding the processes underpinning population persistence, how these processes may vary for different species, and ultimately how this knowledge can inform targeted management actions.
Electrical actuation of dielectric droplets by negative liquid dielectrophoresis
Authors: Piao Yuhao , Yu Kun , Jones Thomas B , Wang Weiqiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an electrical actuation scheme of dielectric droplet by negative liquid dielectrophoresis. A general model of lumped parameter electromechanics for evaluating the electromechanical force acting on the droplets is established. The model reveals the influence of actuation voltage, device geometry, and dielectric parameter on the actuation force for both conductive and dielectric medium. Using this model, we compare the actuation forces for four liquid combinations in the parallel‐plate geometry and predict the low voltage actuation of dielectric droplets by negative dielectrophoresis. Parallel experimental results demonstrate such electric actuation of dielectric droplets, including droplet transport, splitting, merging, and dispending. All these dielectric droplet manipulations are achieved at voltages < 100 Vrms. The frequency dependence of droplet actuation velocity in aqueous solution is discussed and the existence of surfactant molecules is believed to play an important role by realigning with the AC electric field. Finally, we present coplanar manipulation of oil and water droplets and formation of oil‐in‐water emulsion droplet by applying the same low voltage.
Neubaustrecke Dresden–Prag – aktueller Planungsfortschritt mit dem Schwerpunkt Baugrund/Geologie
Authors: Kostkanová Vladislava , Müller Kay 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDie DB Netz AG und Správa železnic planen gemeinsam die neue Hochgeschwindigkeitseisenbahnstrecke zwischen Dresden und Prag. Kernstück des Neubauvorhabens ist ein mindestens 25 km langer Tunnel unter dem Erzgebirge zwischen Heidenau in Deutschland und Stradov bei Ústi nad Labem in Tschechien. Der grenzübergreifende Tunnel wird durch ein gemeinsames Planungsteam der beiden Eisenbahninfrastrukturunternehmen geplant. Dieser Beitrag zeigt die Komplexität des anstehenden Gebirges, die durchgeführten Untersuchungen und gibt einen Ausblick auf die noch anstehenden Untersuchungen (Bearbeitungsstand Juni 2021).
Avelumab expanded access program in metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma: Efficacy and safety findings from patients in Europe and the Middle East
Authors: Ascierto Paolo Antonio , Orlova Kristina , Grignani Giovanni , Dudzisz‐Śledź Monika , Fenig Eyal , Chiarion Sileni Vanna , Fazio Nicola , Samimi Mahtab , Mortier Laurent , Gebhardt Christoffer , Kramkimel Nora , Steven Neil , Bechter Oliver , Arance Ana , Benincasa Elena , Kostkova Lenka , Costa Nuno , Lorigan Paul 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIncidence rates of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an uncommon skin cancer with an aggressive disease course, have increased in recent decades. Limited treatment options are available for patients with metastatic MCC (mMCC). Avelumab, an anti‐programmed cell death‐ligand 1 monoclonal antibody, became the first approved treatment for mMCC after the results of the phase 2 JAVELIN Merkel 200 study. Prior to its regulatory approval, an expanded access program (EAP) enabled compassionate use of avelumab in patients with mMCC. Here we report findings from patients enrolled in the EAP in Europe and the Middle East. Efficacy and safety data were provided at the discretion of treating physicians. Between March 2, 2016, and December 22, 2018, 403 requests for avelumab were received from 21 countries, and avelumab was supplied to 335 patients. Most patients (96.7%) received avelumab as second‐line or later treatment. In 150 patients for whom response data were available, the objective response rate was 48.0%, and in responding patients, median duration of treatment was 7.4 months (range, 1.0‐41.7 months). The most common treatment‐related adverse events were infusion‐related reaction (2.4%) and pyrexia (2.1%), and no new safety signals were observed. Overall, results from European and Middle Eastern patients enrolled in this EAP confirm the efficacy and safety of avelumab treatment observed in previous studies in patients with mMCC.
A cluster randomized trial to evaluate a centralized remote clinical pharmacy service in large, health system primary care clinics
Authors: Kennelty Korey A. , Coffey Christopher S. , Ardery Gail , Uribe Liz , Yankey Jon , Ecklund Dixie , James Paul A. , Vander Weg Mark W. , Chrischilles Elizabeth A. , Christensen Alan J. , Polgreen Linnea A. , Gryzlak Brian , Carter Barry L. ,   MEDication Focused Outpatient Care for Underutilization of Secondary Prevention (MEDFOCUS) trial investigators
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe developed a remote cardiovascular risk service (CVRS) managed by clinical pharmacists to support primary care teams. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the CVRS could improve guideline adherence in primary care clinics with diverse geographic and patient characteristics.MethodsThis study was a cluster‐randomized trial initiated in 20 primary care clinics across the United States. Clinics were stratified as a high or low minority and then randomized to receive the intervention or maintain usual care for 12 months. The primary outcome was adherence to relevant The Guideline Advantage (TGA) criteria met. TGA is a compilation of criteria from practice guidelines intended to improve the quality of primary care. Post‐hoc outcomes included changes in individual TGA measures.ResultsA total of 401 study subjects were included in the analysis. Mean TGA scores remained the same in the intervention group (n = 193, 0.72) and slightly decreased in the usual care group (n = 208, 0.67‐0.66) over the 12‐month study period. There was no significant difference between the mean TGA scores in the intervention and usual care groups for the overall population at 12 months (0.72 vs 0.66, respectively, P = .10). For under‐represented minority subjects, there was no significant difference between TGA scores at 12 months (n = 186; 0.70 vs 0.67, respectively, P = .50). In a post‐hoc analysis of subjects uncontrolled at baseline, there was a significant improvement in systolic BP at 12 months in the intervention group vs usual care (model‐based difference of −8.03 mmHg, P = .03).ConclusionsImprovements in individual TGA measures were limited, in part, due to higher‐than‐expected baseline TGA scores. Future studies of this model should focus on patients with uncontrolled conditions at high risk for cardiovascular events.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02215408; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02215408?id=NCT02215408.
In vitro therapeutic effects of abemaciclib on triple‐negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Ozman Zeynep , Guney Eskiler Gamze , Sekeroglu Mehmet R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe cyclin‐dependent kinases 4 and 6 have led to a significant improvement in the treatment of hormone‐receptor‐positive breast cancer. However, the therapeutic potential of abemaciclib in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) has not been definitively elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate abemaciclib mediated antiproliferative effects on MDA‐MB‐231 and MDA‐MB‐468 TNBC and MCF‐10A cell line through annexin V, cell cycle, caspase‐3, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis, acridine orange, and DAPI staining, for the first time. In addition, the autophagy‐related cell death was assessed by autophagy‐LC3 assay and acidic vesicular organelles staining. Our findings demonstrated that abemaciclib treatment resulted in significant apoptotic cell death in TNBC cells via G0/G1 arrest, chromatin condensation, the upregulation of caspase‐3 and Bax levels, and the downregulation of Bcl‐2. However, the formation of a large number of cytoplasmic vacuoles was not associated with autophagy. Therefore, abemaciclib treatment could be an effective treatment for TNBC. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of abemaciclib‐induced apoptotic as well as atypical cell death derived from lysosomes in TNBC.
Genetic interaction between F‐box motif encoding YDR131C and retrograde signaling‐related RTG1 regulates the stress response and apoptosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Shoket Heena , Pandita Monika , Sharma Meenu , Kumar Ravinder , Rakwal Ayushi , Wazir Shreya , Verma Vijeshwar , Salunke Deepak B. , Bairwa Narendra K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe retrograde signaling pathway is well conserved from yeast to humans, which regulates cell adaptation during stress conditions and prevents cell death. One of its components, RTG1 encoded Rtg1p in association with Rtg3p communicates between mitochondria, nucleus, and peroxisome during stress for adaptation, by regulation of transcription. The F‐box motif protein encoded by YDR131C constitutes a part of SCF Ydr131c‐E3 ligase complex, with unknown function; however, it is known that retrograde signaling is modulated by the E3 ligase complex. This study reports epistasis interaction between YDR131C and RTG1, which regulates cell growth, response to genotoxic stress, decreased apoptosis, resistance to petite mutation, and cell wall integrity. The cells of ydr131cΔrtg1Δ genetic background exhibits growth rate improvement however, sensitivity to hydroxyurea, itraconazole antifungal agent and synthetic indoloquinazoline‐based alkaloid (8‐fluorotryptanthrin, RK64), which disrupts the cell wall integrity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The epistatic interaction between YDR131C and RTG1 indicates a link between protein degradation and retrograde signaling pathways.
Excited state distribution function for probing Herzberg–Teller vibronic coupling using linear optical response theory: Application to glassy pheophytin a
Authors: Toutounji Mohamad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe goal of the present work is to develop an excited‐state distribution function that can be used to calculate electronic transition dipole moment time correlation functions at a considerably low computational cost. An additional merit of the distribution function is its capability to probe the Hertzberg–Teller vibronic coupling effect in terms of the previously reported Condon correlation functions in the literature without having to start from the equilibrium density operator to probe spectral non‐Condon effects, thereby exploring Hertzberg–Teller vibronic coupling by building on the Condon regime. It is easily extendable to anharmonic systems. Model calculations are reported to show the high degree of accuracy and computational efficiency of the presented approach. Application to a photosynthetic system such as pheophytin a in triethylamine is provided.
The effect of applied electric field on the micromorphology of Pt nanoparticles synthesized by laser ablation
Authors: Bakhtiari Mohammad , Hantehzadeh Mohammadreza , Darabi Elham 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the present study, laser ablation technique (Nd:YAG) has been applied to synthesize platinum nanoparticles (NPs). Also, the effect of applied electric field on the physical, structural, and morphological properties of Pt NPs has been investigated during the nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of platinum. Based on the results extracted from TEM and scanning electron microscopy images, the formation of high percentage of NPs with spherical shape is demonstrated in all samples. The increase of applied electric field creates few rectangular, hexagonal, and rhombic NPs with the average size decreased from 20 to 9 nm. The significant influence of increasing electric field is also observed in UV–vis spectra by appearing the blue shift of the localized surface plasmon resonance peak. The UV–vis spectra also confirm the metallic nature of Pt NPs and the existence of inhomogeneous‐sized particles and the coagulation of particle because of the long tail in higher wavelengths. In addition, atomic force microscopy images have been analyzed through MountainsMap Premium program and fractal dimension. As can be seen, increasing the applied electric field make the surface more irregular and the maximum value of Df reveals the most irregular topography for sample with 50 V/cm electric field. Finally, the bending and stretching frequencies of the functional bending groups connected to the NPs surface have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Electrical field‐assisted laser ablation in liquids method allows a better control of the size, morphology, structure, and chemical composition of nanoparticles.
Results of the Genetic Counselor SARS‐CoV‐2 Impact Survey from the National Society of Genetic Counselors: Progress and penalty during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Pan Vivian , Doerr Megan , Hoell Christin , Ryan Lauren , Erwin Deanna J. , Hooker Gillian , Haverty Carrie ,   The National Society of Genetic Counselors GC SARS‐CoV‐2 Impact Survey Working Group
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Genetic Counselor SARS‐CoV‐2 Impact Survey (GCSIS) describes the impact of the pandemic on genetic counselors and genetic counseling services. With this information, the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) can better: (1) support advocacy and access efforts for genetic counseling services at both federal‐ and state‐level; (2) promote effective billing and reimbursement for genetic counseling services provided via telemedicine; and (3) make decisions about how to best support genetic counselors.The survey was hosted on a novel data collection and analysis platform from LunaDNA and was open to all genetic counselors (n = 5,531 based on professional society membership). Survey response rate was approximately 3.8% (n = 212/5,531), with a demographic distribution broadly representative of the North American genetic counseling field. Genetic counselors remained largely employed, providing genetic counseling services throughout the pandemic, although almost one in five respondents (17%, n = 35/211) reported experiencing some degree of pandemic‐related financial hardship. Nearly all respondents (90%, n = 104/115) transitioned, at least in part, to remote work settings, with about half (47%. n = 88/189) reporting restrictions in the care they were able to provide. These shifts came at a cost: existing gaps in Medicare status for genetic counselors and attendant reimbursement concerns led to uncertainty about whether genetic counselors' work will be reimbursed. Outside of work, caregiving responsibilities increased for 34% (n = 74/212) of respondents.The results of the GCSIS amplify the importance of federal‐ and state‐level advocacy efforts for genetic counselors and their employers. They also highlight the impact of broader cultural intransigence on our majority‐female profession. During the pandemic, genetic counselors continued to provide care, but without consistent financial support or expectation of reimbursement. The ability to attract and retain talented professionals to the genetic counseling field will hinge on the success of continued advocacy efforts.
Recent evidence for warmer and drier growing seasons in climate sensitive regions of Central America from multiple global datasets
Authors: Stewart Iris T. , Maurer Edwin P. , Stahl Kerstin , Joseph Kenneth 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSmallholder livelihoods throughout Central America are built on rain‐fed agriculture and depend on seasonal variations in temperature and precipitation. Recent climatic shifts in this highly diverse region are not well understood due to sparse observations, and as the skill of global climate products have not been thoroughly evaluated. We examine the performance for several reanalysis and satellite‐based global climate data products (CHIRPS/CHIRTS, ERA5, MERRA‐2, PERSIANN‐CDR) as compared to the observation‐based GPCC precipitation dataset. These datasets are then used to evaluate the magnitude and spatial extent of hydroclimatic shifts and changes in aridity and drought over the last four decades. We focus on water‐limited regions that are important for rain‐fed agriculture and particularly vulnerable to further drying, and newly delineate those regions for Central America and Mexico by adapting prior definitions of the Central American Dry Corridor. Our results indicate that the CHIRPS dataset exhibits the greatest skill for the study area. A general warming of 0.2–0.8°C·decade−1 was found across the region, particularly for spring and winter, while widespread drying was indicated by several measures for the summer growing season. Changes in annual precipitation have been inconsistent, but show declines of 20–25% in eastern Honduras/Nicaragua and in several parts of Mexico. Some regions most vulnerable to drying have been subject to statistically significant trends towards summer drying, increases in drought and aridity driven by precipitation declines, and/or a lengthening of the winter dry season, highlighting areas where climate adaptation measures may be most urgent.
Organic color‐conversion media for full‐color micro‐LED displays
Authors: Dong Shou‐Cheng , Jiang Yibin , Tang Ching W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe developed green and red color‐conversion medium (CCM) films for applications in VR/AR microdisplays. These CCM films comprise a host–dopant composition, where the host DMP is a perylene‐based molecule with an absorption coefficient of nearly 2.0 × 105 at 458 nm, the peak absorption closely matching the emission from blue LEDs. DMP was specially designed to have large steric substituents to minimize intermolecular aggregation and to preserve monomeric emissions. Thin CCM films can achieve peak blue‐light absorption of over 99.9% with a mere 500‐nm thickness. Green and red CCM films with PLQYs of 44% and 58% using DMQA and DBP as dopants, respectively, have been demonstrated. With an ultra‐thin silicon nitride shadow mask, high‐resolution CCM arrays of 2000 ppi have also been demonstrated.
Patterns of protist distribution and diversification in alpine lakes across Europe
Authors: Vogt Janina C. , Olefeld Jana L. , Bock Christina , Boenigk Jens , Albach Dirk C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBiogeography in Europe is known to be crucially influenced by the large mountain ranges serving as biogeographical islands for cold‐adapted taxa and geographical barriers for warm‐adapted taxa. While biogeographical patterns are well‐known for plants and animals in Europe, we here investigated diversity and distribution patterns of protist freshwater communities on a European scale (256 lakes) in the light of the well‐studied post‐glacial distribution patterns of macroorganisms. Thus, our study compared 43 alpine protist communities of lakes located in the Alps, Carpathians, Pyrenees, and the Sierra Nevada with that of surrounding lowland lakes. We verified altitudinal diversity gradients of freshwater protists with decreasing richness and diversity across altitudes similar to those observed for plants and animals. Alpine specialists and generalists could be identified differing significantly in richness and diversity, but hardly in occurrence and proportions of major taxonomic groups. High proportions of region‐specific alpine specialists indicate an increased occurrence of distinct lineages within each mountain range and thus, suggested either separated glacial refugia or post‐glacial diversification within mountain ranges. However, a few alpine specialists were shared between mountain ranges suggesting a post‐glacial recolonization from a common lowland pool. Our results identified generalists with wide distribution ranges and putatively wide tolerance ranges toward environmental conditions as main drivers of protist diversification (specification) in alpine lakes, while there was hardly any diversification in alpine specialists.
A half‐mode substrate integrated waveguide filtering power divider with Fourier‐varying via holes
Authors: Hussein Osama , Al Shamaileh Khair , Sigmarsson Hjalti , Abushamleh Said , Aboserwal Nafati , Devabhaktuni Vijay 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article, a novel design methodology of a half‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (HM‐SIW) filtering Wilkinson power divider is proposed. The width between the two metallic rows of vias in the conventional HM‐SIW divider is governed by a truncated Fourier series expansion to obtain specific passband/stopband performance. The optimized varying width is obtained using the even‐mode analysis, whereas the odd‐mode analysis is used to find the optimum values of three isolation resistors that achieve acceptable isolation and output ports matching over specific frequency range. For validation, a HM‐SIW divider with a center frequency of 12.3 GHz and 3.7% 10‐dB fractional bandwidth is designed, simulated, and measured. Simulated and measured results show a good agreement with passband return loss and transmission losses better than −15 and −3.0 dB, respectively.