bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contributions of NFKB1 ‐94insertion/deletion ATTG polymorphism to the susceptibility of gastrointestinal cancers: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Hanqiang , Liang Jianrong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNuclear factor‐kappa B1 (NF‐κB1), a pleiotropic transcription factor, functions as a critical contributor to tumorigenesis. Growing numbers of case‐control studies were carried out to analyse the potential contribution of NF‐κB1 gene variants to gastrointestinal cancer risk, yet remains conflicting conclusions. Therefore, we conducted this most up‐to‐date meta‐analysis to evaluate the relationship between NF‐κB1 gene insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism, namely −94ins/delATTG or rs28362491, and the susceptibility to gastrointestinal cancers. We searched PubMed, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases updated in April 2021 for relevant studies. Meta‐analysis was carried out by software Stata11.0. The quantification of the relationship was determined by computing the combined odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analysis, the funnel plot and Begg's rank correlation test were also applied. Our findings indicate that −94ins/delATTG polymorphism could not significantly impact the susceptibility to gastrointestinal cancers. Under any five genetic models, −94ins/delATTG polymorphism was not remarkedly linked to the risk of colorectal, gastric and oesophageal cancer, respectively. The significant role of −94ins/delATTG was only observed in some certain subgroups. Findings here suggest that NF‐κB1 gene −94ins/delATTG polymorphism may not predispose to gastrointestinal cancer susceptibility.
Current controversies in trichology: a European expert consensus statement
Authors: Meyer‐Gonzalez T. , Bacqueville D. , Grimalt R. , Mengeaud V. , Piraccini B.M. , Rudnicka L. , Saceda‐Corralo D. , Vogt A. ,   Trichology Experts Network Group, Vano‐Galvan S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionHair disorders are one of the most common conditions within dermatology practice but, although new diagnostic tools and therapeutic options have arisen, the management of these patients still represents a major clinical challenge.ObjectiveThis study aimed at gathering information and achieving consensus on relevant recommendations on the latest advances in alopecia, trichoscopy and hair dermocosmetics.MethodsExperts of the steering committee consulted the available evidence on trichology‐related areas from the past 5 years and formulated recommendations based on the evidence and their experience. A modified two‐round Delphi procedure was performed among 45 European dermatologists experts in trichology to consult their degree of agreement on twenty recommendations, using a 4‐point Likert scale. Consensus was defined as >80% of participants scoring either 1 (totally agree) or 2 (agree).ResultsIn the first round of the Delphi questionnaire, 75% of the recommendations reached consensus. Those that were not agreed upon were reformulated by the steering committee and voted again after an online meeting, where consensus was achieved in all recommendations.ConclusionsAll recommendations reached consensus after the two‐round Delphi questionnaire and may be useful in clinical practice for dermatologists. The participants agreed that besides this consensus, further clinical studies are needed to assess the benefits of the emerging tools and treatments and to clarify the controversies that still exist in the field, aiming at improving patients' quality of life.
Firm‐level investment under imperfect capital markets in Ukraine
Authors: Shcherbakov Oleksandr 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper develops and estimates a model of firm‐level fixed capital investment where firms may be unable to invest optimally due to liquidity and borrowing constraints. Firms rationally anticipate these constraints and make dynamically optimal investment decisions. Structural parameters are estimated using data from the Ukrainian manufacturing sector for the period 1993–1998. The estimation results suggest significant heterogeneity across industries, with 8%–29% of firms facing binding constraints on investment. These constraints are persistent over time. To make optimal investments, 24%–64% of firms must borrow to complement their own resources. The characteristics of constrained firms and the relationship between industry institutions and the level of financial constraints are discussed.
Assessing readiness to implement patient navigator programs in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Kokorelias Kristina M. , Gould Sarah , DasGupta Tracey , Cass Dan , Hitzig Sander L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo explore factors influencing the implementation of patient navigator programs within a hospital for seniors with complex care needs.MethodsA qualitative descriptive design using in‐depth interviews was conducted. Participant interviews were conducted in Toronto, Ontario between September 2020 and February 2021. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThirty‐five semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 38 participants from a large urban hospital (n = 21) and community healthcare organizations (n = 17), including organizational leaders, and acute care and rehabilitation providers. Follow‐up interviews occurred with 16 participants (7 from the community and nine from the hospital). This study identified five key factors influencing organizational readiness for successful implementation of a patient navigator program for seniors with complex conditions, which included: (a) vision from senior leadership, (b) technological infrastructure, (c) existing hospital‐community partnerships, (d) well‐established process for referrals, and (e) staff capacity. The overarching theme of communication was also identified.ConclusionsThe findings of this study provide a better understanding of hospital and community professionals' needs and challenges when implementing patient navigator programs for seniors with complex care conditions. There are a number of factors that influence an organization's readiness for program uptake and delivery, with the need for clear communication being paramount. Further research to test the effects of readiness on successful implementation outcomes is warranted.
Scoping study of definitions and instruments measuring vulnerability in older adults
Authors: Levasseur Mélanie , Lussier‐Therrien Marika , Biron Marie Lee , Dubois Marie‐France , Boissy Patrick , Naud Daniel , Dubuc Nicole , Coallier Jean‐Claude , Calvé Jessica , Audet Mélisa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt is important to foster social participation and health equity, especially for older adults in situations of vulnerability. Despite growing interest in vulnerability, there is no consensus regarding how to define or measure this concept. This paper provides an inventory and synthesis of definitions of and instruments measuring vulnerability in older adults.MethodsUsing a scoping study framework, eight databases (Abstracts in Social Gerontology, Academic Search Complete, AgeLine, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SocINDEX, PsycInfo, Scopus) were searched with relevant keywords [Vulnerab* AND (Concept*, Defin*, Meaning, Terminology, Measurement, Assessment*, Indicator*, Instrument*, Scale*, Questionnaire* OR Test*) AND (Aging, Aging, Elder*, Gerontolog*, Older OR Senior*)].ResultsThirty‐one original definitions and five measuring instruments were identified, content‐analyzed, and compared. Vulnerability definitions mostly focused on people under conditions that increased their risk of harm because of individual physical factors, the environment, and their interaction. Considering these definitions, experts in the field of aging, including two representing older adults, participated in a workshop, and a consensus was reached to define a situation of vulnerability as “a set of circumstances in which one or more individuals experience, at a specific moment in time, one or multiple physiological, psychological, socioeconomic or social difficulties that may interact to increase their risk of being harmed or having coping challenges that have a negative impact on their life.” Although none of the measures fully targeted this definition, the Perceived Vulnerability Scale (PVS) is one of the most complete measures, with 22 items considering feelings of vulnerability toward personal and environmental factors, and good psychometric properties.ConclusionsThe proposed definition and the PVS help to provide a common language and measure in health and social sciences research, policy and practice identifying and reaching older adults in situations of vulnerability and intervening to foster social participation and health equity.
Tell Me Your Story: Experiential learning using in‐home interviews of healthy older adults
Authors: Schrimpf Davis Susan , Regan Saundra , Goodnow Keesha , Gausvik Christian , Pallerla Harini , Schlaudecker Jeffrey D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeTo create a curriculum innovation for early preclinical medical students to explore personal perspectives by listening to and learning from the lived experience of community‐living older adults.MethodTell Me Your Story (TMYS) paired first‐year medical students (MS1s) with community‐dwelling older adult partners (OAPs) residing in the independent living portion of a continuing care retirement community (CCRC) for a half‐day educational experience. MS1s conducted 1‐hour semi‐structured interviews with their OAP and then formed small groups with geriatric faculty members to explore experiences and views that were either reinforced or challenged. The authors evaluated the effectiveness of this exercise using post‐activity surveys. A mixed‐methods analysis of 7 years of data (2013–2019) was conducted.ResultsTMYS had 1251 MS1 participants from 2013 to 2019. Students completed 1052 surveys for a response rate of 84%. During the semi‐structured interview with OAP, the frequency of issues discussed included relationships (94%), professionalism/art of medicine (91%), healthcare accessibility (83%), death/dying/grieving/loss (72%), nutrition (69%), ethics (64%), and cultural competence (61%). Exactly 97% (n = 1023) responded that the overall organization was “good, very good or excellent.” The most prominent themes identified by student responses highlighted person‐centered care, patient perspective, life experience/personal stories, and doctor–patient relationship. Fifty‐three faculty members completed the post‐program survey. Exactly 100% (53/53) rated the quality of this exercise as an educational experience high.ConclusionTMYS was highly valued by students and provided an important experiential learning activity in preclinical medical education. Themes related to person‐centered care emerged from the intervention.
Change in central nervous system‐active medication use following fall‐related injury in older adults
Authors: Hart Laura A. , Walker Rod , Phelan Elizabeth A. , Marcum Zachary A. , Schwartz Naomi R. M. , Crane Paul K. , Larson Eric B. , Gray Shelly L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundCentral nervous system (CNS)‐active medication use is an important modifiable risk factor for falls in older adults. A fall‐related injury should prompt providers to evaluate and reduce CNS‐active medications to prevent recurrent falls. We evaluated change in CNS‐active medications up to 12 months following a fall‐related injury in community‐dwelling older adults compared with a matched cohort without fall‐related injury.MethodsParticipants were from the Adult Changes in Thought study conducted at Kaiser Permanente Washington. Fall‐related injury codes between 1994 and 2014 defined index encounters in participants with no evidence of such injuries in the preceding year. We matched each fall‐related injury index encounter with up to five randomly selected clinical encounters from participants without injury. Using automated pharmacy data, we estimated the average change in CNS‐active medication use at 3, 6, and 12 months post‐index according to the presence or absence of CNS‐active medication use before index.ResultsOne thousand five hundred sixteen participants with fall‐related injury index encounters (449 CNS‐active users, 1067 nonusers) were matched to 7014 index encounters from people without fall‐related injuries (1751 users, 5236 nonusers). Among CNS‐active users at the index encounter, those with fall‐related injury had an average decrease in standard daily doses (SDDs) at 12 months (−0.43; 95% CI: −0.63 to −0.23), and those without injury had a greater (p = 0.047) average decrease (−0.66; 95% CI: −0.78 to −0.55). Among nonusers at index, those with fall‐related injury had a smaller increase than those without injury (+0.17, 95% CI: +0.13 to +0.21, vs. +0.24, 95% CI: +0.20 to +0.28, p = 0.005).ConclusionsThe differences in CNS‐active medication use change over 12 months between those with and without fall‐related injury were small and unlikely to be clinically significant. These results suggest that fall risk‐increasing drug use is not reduced following a fall‐related injury, thus opportunities exist to reduce CNS‐active medications, a potentially modifiable risk factor for falls.
Reframing aging during COVID‐19: Familial role‐based framing of older adults linked to decreased ageism
Authors: Ng Reuben , Indran Nicole 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundContributions of older adults amid the COVID‐19 pandemic have been eclipsed by discourse positioning them as an at‐risk population. We assess whether age‐based framing (e.g., senior citizen) is associated with more negative stereotyping in the media compared to familial role‐based framing (e.g., grandparent) across 8 months, from a baseline period (October 2019–December 2019) to the onset of the pandemic (January 2020–May 2020).MethodsLeveraging a 12‐billion‐word news media database—with over 30 million news articles from over 7000 websites—we identified the most common synonyms for age‐based framing (e.g., senior citizen) and familial role‐based framing (e.g., grandparent). For each framing category, we compiled the most frequently used descriptors every month, amassing 488,907 descriptors in total. All descriptors were rated from 1 (very negative) to 5 (very positive) to determine a Cumulative Aging Narrative Score (CANS) for age‐based and familial role‐based framing.ResultsAge‐based framing of older adults increased negative stereotyping in the media by seven times compared to familial role‐based framing during COVID‐19. The percentage of positive topics for age‐based framing was significantly lower during COVID‐19 (35%) than before (61%). Conversely, the percentage of positive topics for familial role‐based framing was higher during the pandemic (91%) than before (70%).ConclusionThis is one of the first empirical studies on whether framing older adults based on age or role is linked to more negative stereotypes during COVID‐19. We argue for a more role‐centered approach in framing older adults so that their contributions are acknowledged and valued by society.
Thoughts and attitudes toward disasters among Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Oyama Yusuke , Abiru Norio , Kit Ayano , Eyama Daigo , Noda Arisa , Nagata Akira 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to clarify the thoughts and attitudes of patients with type 1 diabetes during disasters.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative descriptive study. The participants were 10 adult patients with type 1 diabetes who were selected through purposeful sampling. None of them had experienced a disaster. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.ResultsType 1 diabetes patients described a variety of thoughts and attitudes regarding disaster and preparedness. Based on their experiences, 528 codes were extracted. The codes were categorized based on their patterns and similarities. Then, 11 sub‐themes and three main themes were identified. The three main themes were (a) “being unprepared since one could not relate to disasters”; (b) “managing well with insulin and food”; and (c) “hiding the fact that one has diabetes.”ConclusionsThis study identified three important characteristics of the thoughts and attitudes of patients with type 1 diabetes toward disasters. These provide perspectives for education in pre‐disaster preparation and support when disasters occur. Patients with type 1 diabetes are aware of the importance of insulin, food adjustment, and self‐management on a daily basis. Therefore, it is necessary to educate them so that they can apply their knowledge in times of disaster. In addition, healthcare providers who provide support in times of disaster need to be aware that there are victims who cannot talk readily about their illness.
Virtual reconstruction of orbital floor defects using a statistical shape model
Authors: Gass Mathieu , Füßinger Marc Anton , Metzger Marc Christian , Schwarz Steffen , Bähr Johannes Daniel , Brandenburg Leonard Simon , Weingart Julia , Schlager Stefan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeThe current standard in reconstructing defects of the orbital floor, by using the concept of mirroring, is time‐consuming and ignores the natural asymmetry of the skull. By using a statistical shape model (SSM), the reconstruction can be automatized and improved in accuracy. The present study aims to show the possibilities of the virtual reconstruction of artificial defects of the orbital floor using an SSM and its potentials for clinical implementation.MethodsBased on 131 unaffected CT scans of the midface, an SSM was created which contained the shape variability of the orbital floor. Nineteen midface CT scans, that were not included in the SSM, were manually segmented to establish ground truth (control group). Then artificial defects of larger and smaller sizes were created and reconstructed using SSM (Group I) and the gold standard of mirroring (Group II). Eventually, a comparison to the surface of the manual segmentation (control group) was performed.ResultsThe proposed method of reconstruction using an SSM leads to more precise reconstruction results, compared with the conventional method of mirroring. Whereas mirroring led to the reconstruction errors of 0.7 mm for small defects and 0.73 mm for large defects, reconstruction using SSM led to deviations of 0.26 mm (small defect) and, respectively, 0.34 mm (large defect).ConclusionsThe presented approach is an effective and accurate method for reconstructing the orbital floor. In connection with modern computer‐aided design and manufacturing, individual patient‐specific implants could be produced according to SSM‐based reconstructions and could replace current methods using manual bending techniques. By acknowledging the natural asymmetry of the human skull, the SSM‐based approach achieves higher accuracy in reconstructing injured orbits.
Effects of golden tomato extract on skin appearance—outlook into gene expression in cultured dermal fibroblasts and on trans‐epidermal water loss and skin barrier in human subjects
Authors: Tarshish Elizabeth , Hermoni Karin , Sharoni Yoav , Wertz Philip W. , Dayan Nava 
Published: October 2021

AbstractScopeTwo experiments were performed to test the effects of rich tomato extract (Golden Tomato Extract, GTE) on human skin. In one experiment, the effects of this extract on gene expression in cultured human dermal fibroblasts were examined. In a second experiment, human subjects consumed the extract and trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL), and aspects of skin appearance were monitored.Methods and resultsPrimary human dermal fibroblasts in culture were treated with the extract. After six hours, RNA was extracted, and gene expression was examined using Affymetrix Human Clariom D array processing. For the clinical study, 65 human subjects consumed a capsule once a day for 16 weeks, and various skin parameters were assessed at predetermined time intervals. Among the genes upregulated by GTE are genes that augment innate immunity, enhance DNA repair, and the ability to detoxify xenobiotics. GTE significantly reduced TEWL in subjects who had high TEWL at baseline, but it had no effect on TEWL in subjects who had lower TEWL at baseline.ConclusionsGolden tomato extract may provide benefits to the skin by enhancing innate immunity and other defense mechanisms in the dermis and by providing antioxidants to the skin surface to optimize TEWL and the appearance of the skin.
Efficacy of combined fractional carbon dioxide laser and topical tazarotene in nail psoriasis treatment: A randomized intrapatient left‐to‐right study
Authors: Essa Abd Elazim Nagwa , Mahmoud Abdelsalam Ayat , Mohamed Awad Sara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of nail psoriasis is disappointing; due to poor penetrability of topical therapies and variable efficacy of systemic therapies. Fractional carbon dioxide laser (FCL) may enhance penetration of topical therapy for nail psoriasis.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of FCL plus topical tazarotene versus tazarotene monotherapy in the treatment of nail psoriasis.MethodsTwenty‐seven patients with bilateral fingernail psoriasis randomly received 3 sessions of FCL at four‐week interval plus once‐daily tazarotene 0.1% gel for one hand, and once‐daily tazarotene 0.1% gel only for 3 months on the other hand. The primary outcome was modified Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (mNAPSI) at 3 and 6 months compared to baseline, and the secondary outcomes included dermoscopic examination and patient global assessment. Adverse events were reported.ResultsThe total, nail matrix, and nail bed mNAPSI scores were significantly improved at 3 and 6 months by both regimens, but they decreased more after FCL/tazarotene combination (p = 0.001, p = 0.023, and p = 0.001, respectively). Combination therapy showed faster improvement of nail matrix signs and greater efficacy for nail bed signs. The dermoscopic features of the nail plate were the most responsive after both treatments. The combined therapy was more effective in improving the dermoscopic nail bed features. Patient's global assessment scores were significantly higher after the combined therapy. Both treatments were well tolerated.ConclusionFractional CO2 laser is an effective and well‐tolerated treatment for nail psoriasis; it improves the outcomes of topical tazarotene especially in nail bed lesions.
Scientometric‐based analysis in business and economics: Introduction, examples, and guidelines
Authors: Abramo Giovanni , Oxley Les 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this introductory paper to the special issue on Scientometric Analysis in Business and Economics, we consider four related issues. First, we outline why we believe it is time to produce a special issue of the Journal of Economic Surveys dedicated to the scientometric analysis and its growing use in the fields of business and economics. Second, we focus on the topic of “evaluative scientometrics,” which revolves around the central, basic, original question: how much is a publication worth? The question then is: how do we measure scholarly impact? In answering the question, many pitfalls exist and we identify some of them. Third, we present a brief overview of the seven papers, authored by twelve scientometricians, that constitute the special issue. The manuscripts show the potential of scientometrics in terms of the wide range of fields of application. Finally, we present a set of Guidelines which, if prospective authors in business and economics follow them, we hope will increase readability, impact and the potential for their scientometric‐based research to be published.