bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Uniqueness Result for a Simple Superlinear Eigenvalue Problem
Authors: Herrmann Michael , Matthies Karsten 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe study the eigenvalue problem for a superlinear convolution operator in the special case of bilinear constitutive laws and establish the existence and uniqueness of a one-parameter family of nonlinear eigenfunctions under a topological shape constraint. Our proof uses a nonlinear change of scalar parameters and applies Krein–Rutman arguments to a linear substitute problem. We also present numerical simulations and discuss the asymptotics of two limiting cases.
Planned morning aerobic exercise in a fasted state increases energy intake in the preceding 24 h
Authors: Barutcu Asya , Briasco Elizabeth , Moon Jake , Stensel David J. , King James A. , Witcomb Gemma L. , James Lewis J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
We previously observed increased energy intake (EI) at the meal before planned afternoon exercise, but the proximity of the meal to exercise might have reduced the scale of the pre-exercise anticipatory eating. Therefore, this study examined EI in the 24 h before fasted morning exercise.

Methods
Fourteen males, experienced with gym-based aerobic exercise (age 25 ± 5 years, BMI 23.8 ± 2.5 kg/m2), completed counterbalanced exercise (EX) and resting (REST) trials. On day 1, subjects were told the following morning’s activity (EX/REST), before eating ad-libitum laboratory-based breakfast and lunch meals and a home-based afternoon/evening food pack. The following morning, subjects completed 30-min cycling and 30-min running (EX; 3274 ± 278 kJ) or 60-min supine rest (REST; 311 ± 34 kJ) fasted. Appetite was measured periodically, and EI quantified.

Results
Afternoon/evening EI (EX 7371 ± 2176 kJ; REST 6437 ± 2070 kJ; P = 0.017) and total 24-h EI (EX 14,055 ± 3672 kJ; REST 12,718 ± 3379 kJ; P = 0.011) were greater during EX, with no difference between trials at breakfast (P = 0.761) or lunch (P = 0.071). Relative EI (EI minus energy expended through EX/REST) was lower in EX (EX 10,781 ± 3539 kJ; REST 12,407 ± 3385 kJ; P = 0.004).

Conclusion
This study suggests planned fasted aerobic exercise increases EI during the preceding afternoon/evening, precipitating a ~ 10% increase in EI in the preceding 24-h. However, this increase did not fully compensate for energy expended during exercise; meaning exercise induced an acute negative energy balance.
Cardiac small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels in health and disease
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Dong , Thai Phung N. , Lieu Deborah K. , Chiamvimonvat Nipavan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSmall-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK, KCa2) channels are encoded by KCNN genes, including KCNN1, 2, and 3. The channels play critical roles in the regulation of cardiac excitability and are gated solely by beat-to-beat changes in intracellular Ca2+. The family of SK channels consists of three members with differential sensitivity to apamin. All three isoforms are expressed in human hearts. Studies over the past two decades have provided evidence to substantiate the pivotal roles of SK channels, not only in healthy heart but also with diseases including atrial fibrillation (AF), ventricular arrhythmia, and heart failure (HF). SK channels are prominently expressed in atrial myocytes and pacemaking cells, compared to ventricular cells. However, the channels are significantly upregulated in ventricular myocytes in HF and pulmonary veins in AF models. Interests in cardiac SK channels are further fueled by recent studies suggesting the possible roles of SK channels in human AF. Therefore, SK channel may represent a novel therapeutic target for atrial arrhythmias. Furthermore, SK channel function is significantly altered by human calmodulin (CaM) mutations, linked to life-threatening arrhythmia syndromes. The current review will summarize recent progress in our understanding of cardiac SK channels and the roles of SK channels in the heart in health and disease.
Mesh fixation to fascia during incisional hernia repair results in increased prevalence of pain at long-term follow up: a multicenter propensity score matched prospective observational study
Authors: Kohler Andreas , Lavanchy Joël L. , Gasser Rahel , Wyss Roland , Nowak Lars , Scheiwiller Andreas , Hämmerli Peter , Candinas Daniel , Beldi Guido 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Patient-reported outcomes such as postoperative pain are critical for the evaluation of outcomes after incisional hernia repair. The aim of this study is to determine the long-term impact of mesh fixation on postoperative pain in patients operated by open and laparoscopic technique.

Methods
A multicenter prospective observational cohort study was conducted from September 2011 until March 2016 in nine hospitals across Switzerland. Patients undergoing elective incisional hernia repair were included in this study and stratified by either laparoscopic or open surgical technique. Propensity score matching was applied to balance the differences in baseline characteristics between the treatment groups. Clinical follow-up was conducted 3, 12 and 36 months postoperatively to detect hernia recurrence, postoperative pain and complications.

Results
Three-hundred-sixty-one patients were included into the study. No significant differences in hernia recurrence and pain at 3, 12 and 36 months postoperatively were observed when comparing the laparoscopic with the open treatment group. Mesh fixation by sutures to fascia versus other mesh fixation led to significantly more pain at 36 months postoperatively (32.8% vs 15.7%, p = 0.025).

Conclusions
At long-term follow-up, no difference in pain was identified between open and laparoscopic incisional hernia repair. Mesh fixation by sutures to fascia was identified to be associated with increased pain 36 months after surgery. Omitting mesh fixation by sutures to the fascia may reduce long-term postoperative pain after hernia repair.
Patterns, timing, and predictors of recurrence after laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: results from a high-volume HPB center
Authors: Zhang Haili , Liu Fei , Wen Ningyuan , Li Bo , Wei Yonggang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Although long-term outcomes may be comparable between laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) and open liver resection (OLR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there has been little discussion regarding the patterns of recurrence after LLR.

Methods
Patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy between April 2015 and November 2018 were included in this study. The recurrence patterns were analyzed in detail. The recurrence outcomes following laparoscopic versus OLR for HCC were compared after 1:2 propensity score matching. Potential risk factors for recurrence were also assessed with Cox proportional risk models.

Results
Among 425 patients after LLR, 144 (33.8%) experienced recurrence at the last follow-up, with a median recurrence-free survival (RFS) of 10.0 months (range 1–58 months). The most frequent recurrence site was the liver (n = 99, 68.8%), followed by the surgical margin (n = 15, 10.4%) and distant metastases (n = 12, 8.3%). Liver recurrence with distant metastasis (n = 10, 6.9%) tended to occur early (median 8.0 months), while peritoneal recurrence (n = 8, 5.6%) occurred later (median 14.0 months). A total of 120 (83.3%) patients had recurrence within 2 years after LLR. No trocar site recurrence was observed in this study. The recurrence patterns, timing, and treatment did not show significant differences between the LLR and OLR. The independent risk factors for recurrence included ALBI grade, postoperative α-fetoprotein > 8 ng/ml, tumor size > 5 cm, surgical margin ≤ 1 cm, and multiple tumors. Patients with recurrence had 1- and 5-year overall survival rates of 81.1% and 60.7%, respectively, compared with rates of 95.8% and 92.9% for patients without recurrence (P < 0.000).

Conclusion
This study suggested that intrahepatic recurrence was still the most common recurrence pattern for HCC after LLR and that LLR did not increase the risk of trocar hole recurrence or implantation. Most cases of recurrence occurred within 2 years after LLR, suggesting that surveillance should be targeted to early recurrence.
Dental and periodontal disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Tan Christopher X. W. , Brand Henk S. , Kalender Bilgin , De Boer Nanne K. H. , Forouzanfar Tymour , de Visscher Jan G. A. M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Although bowel symptoms are often predominant, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients can have several oral manifestations. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) compared to an age and gender-matched control group of patients without IBD.

Material and methods
The DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) scores and the DPSI (Dutch Periodontal Screening Index) of 229 IBD patients were retrieved from the electronic health record patient database axiUm at the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) and were compared to the DMFT scores and DPSI from age and gender-matched non-IBD patients from the same database.

Results
The total DMFT index was significantly higher in the IBD group compared to the control group. When CD and UC were analyzed separately, a statistically significant increased DMFT index was observed in CD patients but not in UC patients. The DPSI did not differ significantly between the IBD and non-IBD groups for each of the sextants. However, in every sextant, IBD patients were more frequently edentulous compared to the control patients.

Conclusion
CD patients have significantly more dental health problems compared to a control group. Periodontal disease did not differ significantly between IBD and non-IBD groups as determined by the DPSI.

Clinical relevance
It is important that IBD patients and physicians are instructed about the correlation between their disease and oral health problems. Strict oral hygiene and preventive dental care such as more frequent checkups should be emphasized by dental clinicians.
An evaluation of the formalised AcciMap approach for accident analysis in healthcare
Authors: Igene Oseghale Osezua , Johnson Christopher W. , Long Jenny 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a field workshop organised by the Healthcare Improvement Scotland (HIS) focusing on the evaluation of the formalised AcciMap approach by patient safety practitioners of the National Health Service (NHS). Participants who were experienced in incident analysis relating to patient safety and risk management across different NHS boards but had no prior knowledge using the AcciMap approach were recruited for a case study analysis (Wrong Patient) (Chassin and Becher in Ann Intern Med 136:826–833, 2002). They were subsequently divided into three teams after introduction and training, where each team performed an independent case analysis. AcciMap outcomes produced indicated both similar and varying contributing factors identified by each team. This was also reflected in their formulation of safety recommendations. Their findings were then compared with each other (reliability) and with external review (validity). Based on results obtained from the survey instrument distributed after the exercise and focus discussions, the AcciMap approach was generally perceived as intuitive and a potentially relevant toolkit for incident investigations. However, questions were raised particularly regarding the usability (ease of use) in conducting analyses compared RCA techniques.
Proteomics signature of autoimmune atrophic gastritis: towards a link with gastric cancer
Authors: Repetto Ombretta , De Re Valli , Giuffrida Paolo , Lenti Marco Vincenzo , Magris Raffaella , Venerito Marino , Steffan Agostino , Di Sabatino Antonio , Cannizzaro Renato 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAutoimmune atrophic gastritis (AAG) is a chronic disease that can progress to gastric cancer (GC). To better understand AAG pathology, this proteomics study investigated gastric proteins whose expression levels are altered in this disease and also in GC.MethodsUsing two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), we compared protein maps of gastric corpus biopsies from AAG patients and controls. Differentially abundant spots (|fold change|≥ 1.5,P < 0.01) were selected and identified by LC–MS/MS. The spots were further assessed in gastric antrum biopsies from AAG patients (without and withHelicobacter pyloriinfection) and from GC patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of GC patients.Results2D-DIGE identified 67 differentially abundant spots, with 28 more and 39 less abundant in AAG-corpus than controls. LC–MS/MS identified these as 53 distinct proteins. The most significant (adjustedP < 0.01) biological process associated with the less abundant proteins was “tricarboxylic acid cycle”. Of the 67 spots, 57 were similarly differentially abundant in AAG-antrum biopsies irrespective ofH. pyloriinfection status. The differential abundance was also observed in GC biopsies for 14 of 28 more abundant and 35 of 39 less abundant spots, and in normal gastric biopsies of relatives of GC patients for 6 and 25 spots, respectively. Immunoblotting confirmed the different expression levels of two more abundant proteins (PDIA3, GSTPgene products) and four less abundant proteins (ATP5F1A, PGA3, SDHB, PGC).ConclusionThis study identified a proteomics signature of AAG. Many differential proteins were shared by GC and may be involved in the progression of AAG to GC.
Circular economy in the construction sector: advancing environmental performance through systemic and holistic thinking
Authors: Sparrevik Magnus , de Boer Luitzen , Michelsen Ottar , Skaar Christofer , Knudson Haley , Fet Annik Magerholm 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe construction sector is progressively becoming more circular by reducing waste, re-using building materials and adopting regenerative solutions for energy production and biodiversity protection. The implications of circularity on construction activities are complex and require the careful evaluation of impacts to select the appropriate path forward. Evaluations of circular solutions and their environmental effectiveness are often performed based on various types of life cycle-based impact assessments. This paper uses systemic thinking to map and evaluate different impact assessment methodologies and their implications for a shift to more circular solutions. The following systemic levels are used to group the methodologies: product (material life cycle declarations and building assessments), organisation (certification and management schemes) and system (policies, standards and regulations). The results confirm that circular economy is integrated at all levels. However, development and structure are not coordinated or governed unidirectionally, but rather occur simultaneously at different levels. This recursive structure is positive if the methods are applied in the correct context, thus providing both autonomy and cohesion in decision making. Methods at lower systemic levels may then improve production processes and stimulate the market to create circular and innovative building solutions, whereas methods at higher systemic levels can be used, for example, by real estate builders, trade organisations and governments to create incentives for circular development and innovation in a broader perspective. Use of the performance methods correctly within an actor network is therefore crucial for successful and effective implementation of circular economy in the construction sector.
Precision Thermal Treatments, Atom Probe Characterization, and Modeling to Describe the Fe-Cr Metastable Miscibility Gap
Authors: Dahlström Alexander , Danoix Frederic , Hedström Peter , Odqvist Joakim , Selleby Malin , Zapolsky Helena 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Fe-Cr metastable miscibility gap has been studied by high-precision thermal treatments, Vickers micro-hardness (HV) measurements, and atom probe tomography (APT). Thermodynamic modeling further supplements the experimental work. The results obtained show that recent thermodynamic descriptions of the metastable miscibility gap found in literature generally overestimates the consolute temperature. We can show that the source of ambiguity in previous studies is most likely a lack of clear distinction between Cr-Cr clustering and

$$ \alpha^{\prime} $$

α
′

formation. This distinction is here made by APT results, and it leads to a determined consolute temperature of 580 ± 1 °C for Fe0.50Cr0.50. The revised thermodynamic modeling of the metastable miscibility gap captures the experimental results and is consistent with the overall picture from the Fe-Cr data in the literature.

Graphic Abstract
Predictors of Postprandial Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass Surgery: a Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Zweck Elric , Hepprich Matthias , Donath Marc Y. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Postprandial hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery is an exigent disorder, often impacting the quality of life. Distinguishing clinically relevant hypoglycemic episodes from symptoms of other origin can be challenging. Diagnosis is demanding and often requires an extensive testing such as prolonged glucose tolerance or mixed-meal test. Therefore, we investigated whether baseline parameters of patients after gastric bypass with suspected hypoglycemia can predict the diagnosis.

Methods
We analyzed data from 35 patients after gastric bypass with suspected postprandial hypoglycemia and performed a standardized mixed-meal test. Hypoglycemia was defined by the appearance of typical symptoms, low plasma glucose, and relief of symptoms following glucose administration. Parameters that differed in patients with and without hypoglycemia during MMT were identified and evaluated for predictive precision using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) areas under the curve (AUC).

Results
Out of 35 patients, 19 (54%) developed symptomatic hypoglycemia as a result of exaggerated insulin and C-peptide release in response to the mixed-meal. Hypoglycemic patients exhibited lower glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and higher absolute and relative weight loss from pre-surgery to study date. HbA1c and absolute weight loss alone could achieve acceptable AUCs in ROC analyses (0.76 and 0.72, respectively) but a combined score of absolute weight loss divided by HbA1c (0.78) achieved the best AUC.

Conclusions
HbA1c and weight loss differed in patients with and without symptomatic hypoglycemia during mixed-meal test. These baseline parameters could be used for screening of postprandial hypoglycemia in patients after gastric bypass and may facilitate the selection of patients requiring further evaluation.

Graphical abstract
Optimizing Multivitamin Supplementation for Sleeve Gastrectomy Patients
Authors: Heusschen Laura , Berendsen Agnes A. M. , Cooiman Mellody I. , Deden Laura N. , Hazebroek Eric J. , Aarts Edo O. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Micronutrient deficiencies are frequently reported after sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and therefore lifelong daily multivitamin supplementation is highly recommended. Based on literature and the results of a previous randomized controlled trial, a specialized multivitamin supplement for SG patients was further optimized (WLS Optimum 2.0, FitForMe). The present study reports on its short-term effectiveness.

Materials and Methods
An open-label study was performed in which 76 patients were included to receive WLS Optimum 2.0 for 12 months (Opt 2.0 group). This group was compared with a group of 75 patients that had received WLS Optimum 1.0 for 12 months during a previous study (Opt 1.0 group).

Results
Intention-to-treat analysis (Opt 1.0, n = 69; Opt 2.0, n = 75) showed higher serum levels of vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and zinc, and a lower prevalence of deficiencies for vitamin B12 and phosphate in the Opt 2.0 group. MCV and serum folic acid levels were higher in the Opt 1.0 group. Over the 12-month study period, mean increase in serum levels of phosphate, vitamin B6, and zinc was higher in the Opt 2.0 group, and MCV and serum vitamin D levels increased more in the Opt 1.0 group.

Conclusion
The present study showed that the use of a specialized multivitamin supplement for SG patients is effective at preventing deficiencies for most vitamins and minerals, specifically in compliant patients. However, a strict follow-up regime remains necessary to monitor nutritional status and to improve patient compliance.
Clinical risk scores for the early prediction of severe outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19
Authors: Ageno Walter , Cogliati Chiara , Perego Martina , Girelli Domenico , Crisafulli Ernesto , Pizzolo Francesca , Olivieri Oliviero , Cattaneo Marco , Benetti Alberto , Corradini Elena , Bertù Lorenza , Pietrangelo Antonello ,   List of contributors, Caiano Lucia Maria , Magni Federica , Tombolini Elisabetta , Aloise Chiara , Casanova Francesca Maria , Peroni Benedetta , Ricci Andrea , Scarlini Stefania , Silvestri Ivan , Morandi Matteo , Pezzato Sara , Stefani Francesca , Trevisan Virginia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with severe acute respiratory failure. Early identification of high-risk COVID-19 patients is crucial. We aimed to derive and validate a simple score for the prediction of severe outcomes. A retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 was carried out by the Italian Society of Internal Medicine. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and treatment variables were collected at hospital admission at five hospitals. Three algorithm selection models were used to construct a predictive risk score: backward Selection, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), and Random Forest. Severe outcome was defined as the composite of need for non-invasive ventilation, need for orotracheal intubation, or death. A total of 610 patients were included in the analysis, 313 had a severe outcome. The subset for the derivation analysis included 335 patients, the subset for the validation analysis 275 patients. The LASSO selection identified 6 variables (age, history of coronary heart disease, CRP, AST, D-dimer, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) and resulted in the best performing score with an area under the curve of 0.79 in the derivation cohort and 0.80 in the validation cohort. Using a cut-off of 7 out of 13 points, sensitivity was 0.93, specificity 0.34, positive predictive value 0.59, and negative predictive value 0.82. The proposed score can identify patients at low risk for severe outcome who can be safely managed in a low-intensity setting after hospital admission for COVID-19.
Wohnungslosenhilfe und Partizipation
Authors: Szynka Peter 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungWohnungslose Menschen wurden systematisch diskreditiert und werden immer noch systematisch ausgegrenzt. Die Angebote für wohnungslose Menschen sind unzureichend und lückenhaft. Die besonderen Erfahrungen und Bedürfnisse der Betroffenen müssen besser als bisher berücksichtigt werden um bedarfsgerechtere Hilfen und Angebote zu gestalten. Hierfür ist die Einbeziehungen der Betroffenen in Planung und Ausgestaltung der Angebote systematisch und unbefristet zu fördern. Um den Interessen der Betroffenen Gehör zu verschaffen sind entsprechende Ressourcen bereitzustellen und Kommunikationswege zu eröffnen.