bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Augustine as an Auctoritas in Juan de Torquemada's Apparatus Super Decretum Florentinum Unionis Graecorum (1441)
Authors: Pierce Alexander H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis essay adds to our knowledge of the Council of Ferrara-Florence (1431–1449) as a complex but significant instance of the many efforts to bring union to the divided Latin West and Byzantine East. In this paper, I explore the role of Augustine as an auctoritas at Ferrara-Florence, examining Juan de Torquemada's Apparatus Super Decretum Florentinum Unionis Graecorum (1441), a programmatic theological treatise written to represent the Latins’ theological perspective as expressed in Laetentur caeli (“Let the heavens rejoice”), the papal bull disseminated by Pope Eugenius IV on July 6, 1439. I argue that Torquemada's use of Augustine corroborates the otherwise circumstantial probability that he composed the Apparatus to explain the theological terms on which Eugenius IV and the Latin papalists declared union with Byzantine Christians and simultaneously to defend the bull against the doubts held among conciliarists and their sympathizers around Europe. Showing how Torquemada used Augustine in this conciliar document also adds greater clarity to the reception of Augustine at the Council of Ferrara-Florence. More specifically, it helps explain the utility of Augustine in Torquemada's attempt to adjudicate the relations between the Latin West and Byzantine East on the one hand and papalist and conciliarist Latins on the other.
Writing the Jews out of History: Pseudo-Hegesippus, Classical Historiography, and the Codification of Christian Anti-Judaism in Late Antiquity
Authors: Bay Carson 
Published: August 2021

AbstractScholarly narratives of the development of Christian anti-Jewish thinking in antiquity routinely cite a number of standard, well-known authors: from Irenaeus, Tertullian, and Justin Martyr in earlier centuries to Eusebius, John Chrysostom, Ambrose, Jerome, and Augustine in the fourth and early fifth centuries. The anonymous author known as Pseudo-Hegesippus, to whom is attributed a late fourth-century Latin work called On the Destruction of Jerusalem (De Excidio Hierosolymitano), rarely appears in such discussions. This has largely to do with the fact that this text and its author are effectively unknown entities within contemporary scholarship in this area (scholars familiar with Pseudo-Hegesippus tend to be specialists in medieval Latin texts and manuscripts). But “Pseudo-Hegesippus” represents a critical contribution to the mosaic of Christian anti-Jewish discourse in late antiquity. De Excidio's generic identity as a Christian piece of classical historiography makes it a unique form of ancient anti-Jewish propaganda. This genre, tied to De Excidio's probable context of writing—the wake of the emperor Julian's abortive attempt to rebuild the Jerusalem Temple, resurrect a robust Judaism, and remove Christians from public engagement with classical culture—renders De Excidio an important Christian artifact of both anti-Judaism and pro-classicism at the same time. This article situates Pseudo-Hegesippus in a lineage of Christian anti-Jewish historical thinking, argues that De Excidio codifies that discourse in a significant and singular way, frames this contribution in terms of its apparent socio-historical context, and cites De Excidio's later influence and reception as testaments to its rightful place in the history of Christian anti-Judaism, a place that modern scholarship has yet to afford it. As a piece of classical historiography that mirrors not Christian historians—like Eusebius and others—but the historians of the broader “pagan” Greco-Roman world—like Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, Sallust, Livy, and Tacitus—De Excidio leverages a cultural communicative medium particularly well equipped to undergird and fuel the Christian historiographical imagination and its anti-Jewish projections.
COMPLEX DYNAMIC SYSTEMS THEORY IN LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: Hiver Phil , Al-Hoorie Ali H. , Evans Reid 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA quarter of a century has passed since complex dynamic systems theory was proposed as an alternative paradigm to rethink and reexamine some of the main questions and phenomena in applied linguistics and language learning. In this article, we report a scoping review of the heterogenous body of research adopting this framework. We analyzed 158 reports satisfying our inclusion criteria (89 journal articles and 69 dissertations) for methodological characteristics and substantive contributions. We first highlight methodological trends in the report pool using a framework for dynamic method integration at the levels of study aim, unit of analysis, and choice of method. We then survey the main substantive contribution this body of research has made to the field. Finally, examination of study quality in these reports revealed a number of potential areas of improvement. We synthesize these insights in what we call the “nine tenets” of complex dynamic systems theory research, which we hope will help enhance the methodological rigor and the substantive contribution of future research.
Nazi Science, wartime collections, and an American museum: An object itinerary of theAnthropologie Symbol
Authors: McGill Dru , St. Germain Jennifer 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA number of recent works have explored the value of scholarly efforts to “unpack” museum collections and examine the constitutive networks and histories of objects. The interrogations of collections through methods such as object biographies and itineraries imparts important knowledge about the institutions, disciplines, and individuals who made museum collections, contribute to deeper understandings of the roles of objects in creating meaning in and of the world, and suggest implications for future practice and policies. This article examines the object itinerary of a cultural property item of negative heritage: a three-dimensional painted plaster work of craft-art originally designed to symbolize the scientific practice of anthropology in early twentieth-century Germany and later associated with wartime collecting during World War II, the history of American archaeology, and the modern repatriation movement in museums.
Beyond exposure therapy: formulation-based therapy treating a fear of urinary incontinence – a case study
Authors: Stapley Torstein , Taylor Tracey , Bream Victoria 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground:The current literature on the specific phobia of urinary incontinence is limited, with no specific empirically established model or treatment protocol.Aims:This article consists of a case study of formulation-driven cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for phobia of urinary incontinence.Method:Martin attended a total of 12 treatment sessions. The treatment included the development of an idiosyncratic formulation, and the use of well-established cognitive and behavioural treatment strategies from other anxiety disorders.Results:Both outcome measures and Martin’s subjective report indicate that the treatment was effective.Conclusion:This case study contributes to the current limited literature on this phobia, and emphasises the importance of formulation-driven CBT to map for idiosyncratic features and target cognitive and behavioural factors.
Endogenous erythropoietin at birth is associated with neurodevelopmental morbidity in early childhood
Authors: Rancken Elina J. , Metsäranta Marjo P. H. , Gissler Mika , Rahkonen Leena K. , Haataja Leena M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
New biomarkers that predict later neurodevelopmental morbidity are needed. This study evaluated the associations between umbilical cord serum erythropoietin (us-EPO) and neurodevelopmental morbidity by the age of 2–6.5 years in a Finnish cohort.

Methods
This study included 878 non-anomalous children born alive in 2012 to 2016 in Helsinki University Hospitals and whose us-EPO concentration was determined at birth. Data of these children were linked to data from the Finnish Medical Birth Register and the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register. Neurodevelopmental morbidity included cerebral palsy, epilepsy, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, sensorineural defects, and minor neurodevelopmental disorders.

Results
In the cohort including both term and preterm children, us-EPO levels correlated with gestational age (r = 0.526) and were lower in premature children. High us-EPO levels (>100 IU/l) were associated with an increased risk of severe neurodevelopmental morbidity (OR: 4.87; 95% CI: 1.05–22.58) when adjusted for the gestational age. The distribution of us-EPO levels did not differ in children with or without the later neurodevelopmental diagnosis.

Conclusions
Although high us-EPO concentration at birth was associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental morbidity in early childhood, the role of us-EPO determination in clinical use appears to be minor.

Impact

We determined whether endogenous umbilical cord serum erythropoietin would be a new useful biomarker to predict the risk of neurodevelopmental morbidity.

This study evaluated the role of endogenous erythropoietin at birth in neurodevelopmental morbidity with a study population of good size and specific diagnoses based on data from high-quality registers.

Although high umbilical cord serum erythropoietin concentration at birth was associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental morbidity in early childhood, the clinical value of erythropoietin determination appears to be minor.
Mechanical activation of spike fosters SARS-CoV-2 viral infection
Authors: Hu Wei , Zhang Yong , Fei Panyu , Zhang Tongtong , Yao Danmei , Gao Yufei , Liu Jia , Chen Hui , Lu Qiao , Mudianto Tenny , Zhang Xinrui , Xiao Chuxuan , Ye Yang , Sun Qiming , Zhang Jing , Xie Qi , Wang Pei-Hui , Wang Jun , Li Zhenhai , Lou Jizhong , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 (SARS2) has caused a global COVID-19 pandemic. The spike protein of SARS2 (SARS2-S) recognizes host receptors, including ACE2, to initiate viral entry in a complex biomechanical environment. Here, we reveal that tensile force, generated by bending of the host cell membrane, strengthens spike recognition of ACE2 and accelerates the detachment of spike’s S1 subunit from the S2 subunit to rapidly prime the viral fusion machinery. Mechanistically, such mechano-activation is fulfilled by force-induced opening and rotation of spike’s receptor-binding domain to prolong the bond lifetime of spike/ACE2 binding, up to 4 times longer than that of SARS-S binding with ACE2 under 10 pN force application, and subsequently by force-accelerated S1/S2 detachment which is up to ~103 times faster than that in the no-force condition. Interestingly, the SARS2-S D614G mutant, a more infectious variant, shows 3-time stronger force-dependent ACE2 binding and 35-time faster force-induced S1/S2 detachment. We also reveal that an anti-S1/S2 non-RBD-blocking antibody that was derived from convalescent COVID-19 patients with potent neutralizing capability can reduce S1/S2 detachment by 3 × 106 times under force. Our study sheds light on the mechano-chemistry of spike activation and on developing a non-RBD-blocking but S1/S2-locking therapeutic strategy to prevent SARS2 invasion.
Comparing porous tantalum fusion implants and iliac crest bone grafts for spondylodesis of thoracolumbar burst fractures: Prospectice Cohort study
Authors: Jordan Martin C. , Jansen Hendrik , Meffert Rainer H. , Heintel Timo M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare two different techniques of performing one-level spondylodesis for thoracolumbar burst fractures using either an autologous iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) or a porous tantalum fusion implant (PTFI). In a prospective nonrandomized study, 44 patients (20 women, 24 men; average age 43.1 ± 13.2 years) suffering from severe thoracolumbar burst fractures were treated with combined anterior–posterior stabilization. An ICBG was used in 21 cases, and a PTFI was used in the other 23 cases. A two-year clinical and radiographic follow-up was carried out. There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, localization/classification of the fracture, or visual analog scale (VAS) before injury between the two groups. All 44 patients were followed up for an average period of 533 days (range 173–1567). The sagittal spinal profile was restored by an average of 11.1° (ICBG) vs. 14.3° (PTFI) (monosegmental Cobb angle). Loss of correction until the last follow-up tended to be higher in the patients treated with ICBG than in those treated with PTFI (mean: 2.8° vs. 1.6°). Furthermore, significantly better restoration of the sagittal profile was obtained with the PTFI than with the iliac bone graft at the long-term follow-up (mean: ICBG 7.8°, PTFI 12.3°; p < 0.005). Short-segment posterior instrumentation combined with anterior one-level spondylodesis using either an ICBG or a PTFI resulted in sufficient correction of posttraumatic segmental kyphosis. PTFI might be a good alternative for autologous bone grafting and prevent donor site morbidities.
Oblique light incidence method to study topological defects in nematic layers with conical boundary conditions
Authors: Krakhalev Mikhail N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA polarization microscopy method to investigate the orientational structures and boojums formed in the chiral and achiral nematic layers under conical (tilted) boundary conditions has been developed. Oblique light incidence on nematic layer is used, due to which the phase difference between the ordinary and extraordinary waves depends on the director’s azimuthal angle. The phase difference gets maximal when the director azimuthal angle of achiral nematic$$\varphi (x,y) = 0$$φ(x,y)=0and an azimuthal angle at the center of the chiral nematic layer$$\varphi _0(x,y) = 0$$φ0(x,y)=0independently of the total twist angle$$\varphi _{TOTAL}$$φTOTAL. It has been found that the$$m=+1$$m=+1boojums with the phase$$\xi = \pm 90^\circ$$ξ=±90∘and$$\xi = (-90^\circ + \varphi _{TOTAL}/2)$$ξ=(-90∘+φTOTAL/2)are formed in achiral and chiral nematics, respectively, at the director tilt angle$$\theta _{d/2} \cong 40^\circ$$θd/2≅40∘at the interface. In addition, the defectless structure of chiral nematic with the periodically variable azimuthal director angle on the substrates has been studied.
Engaging Faculty in Shifting Toward Holistic Review: Changing Graduate Admissions Procedures at a Land-Grant, Hispanic-Serving Institution
Authors: Wong Aileen A. , Marrone Nicole L. , Fabiano-Smith Leah , Beeson Pélagie M. , Franco Marla A. , Subbian Vignesh , Lozano Guadalupe I. 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe aim of this tutorial is to share lessons learned from a speech, language, and hearing sciences department at a land-grant, Hispanic-serving institution (HSI) after revising the graduate admissions review process and subsequent discussions related to equity in assessment. This tutorial describes the department as a case example and includes guiding questions that may be helpful for other organizations.MethodAn adaptive case study approach was used and centered on supporting students at Hispanic-serving institutions. The approach was characterized by structured collaborative reflection throughout the process and engagement of relevant stakeholders at multiple levels. The adaptive method allowed for interim synthesis of stakeholder discussions to inform subsequent phases of the reflection process.ResultsThis tutorial shares critical motivations, barriers, facilitators, and phases that were identified in moving toward holistic evaluation for graduate admissions. Targeted areas for continued improvement related to diversity, equity, and inclusion are described.ConclusionsThis tutorial outlines lessons learned from changing graduate admissions practices toward holistic review. Self-reflection prompts are provided for institutions and organizations considering changes to their review process. In order to best support diverse communities, increased workforce diversity is needed in the speech, language, and hearing sciences professions, and holistic review practices are recommended as one way to support increased diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Faculty of Color, Bulletproof Souls, and Their Experiences in Communication Sciences and Disorders
Authors: Horton RaMonda , Muñoz Maria L. , Johnson Valerie E. 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore demographic characteristics, job satisfaction, workload, challenges and rewards of working in academia, and recruitment/retention advice and recommendations for faculty of color (FOC) in communication sciences and disorders (CSD).MethodA 43-item anonymous survey, composed of 38 closed-ended and five open-ended questions, was used to collect information from CSD FOC. Thematic analysis was used to capture trends in participant responses.ResultsThe responses of FOC in communication disorders to closed-ended questions indicated that they were satisfied with their jobs. Overall, FOC reported spending a significant amount of their time on teaching and student-related activities. They also identified several common rewards and challenges of working in academia and offered key suggestions, advice, and recommendations to students, administrators, and the field. FOC responses to open-ended questions revealed noteworthy concerns related to racialized practices.ConclusionResearch, policy, and practice focused on the needs of FOC must explicitly examine and address racism in CSD if the field is to develop adequate strategies and mechanisms to support the recruitment and retention of FOC.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16435365
Überblicksbeitrag zu Fragen zu der ärztlichen Aufklärung
Authors: Makoski Kyrill 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungIm Folgenden sollen verschiedene Gerichtsurteile und Literaturbeiträge dargestellt werden, die sich insbesondere mit den Fragen der ärztlichen Aufklärung befassen. Durch diese Beispiele soll der Leser einen besseren Überblick über die maßgeblichen Regelungen erhalten.
E-Health – Aktuelle Entwicklungen einzelner Anwendungen der Telematikinfrastruktur
Authors: Schüttler Christian 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Patientendaten-Schutz-Gesetz sorgt dafür, dass das Versichertenstammdatenmanagement mit datenschutzrechtlich erforderlichen Regelungen flankiert wird. Es bleibt allerdings abzuwarten, ob die Datenschutz-Grundverordnung in allen Fällen ausreichend beachtet wird. Für Vertragsärzte ergeben sich außerdem Neuerungen im Bereich der Elektronischen Patientenakte (ePA). Sie werden in Zukunft zum aktiven Zusammenarbeiten mit den Patienten bei der Befüllung der ePA verpflichtet und sind für die Übermittlung der Daten in die ePA verantwortlich.
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von „Künstlicher Intelligenz“ und „Big Data“ in der ophthalmologischen Diagnostik
Authors: Treder Maximilian , Eter Nicole 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung„Künstliche Intelligenz“ und „Big Data“ haben in den letzten Jahren immer mehr Einzug in die Medizin erhalten. Auch die Augenheilkunde ist hiervon betroffen. Dieser Artikel soll den Lesern dieser Zeitschrift einen Überblick über interessante ophthalmologische Anwendungsmöglichkeiten aufzeigen.
Krisenkonzepte überwinden starre Diagnosekonzepte
Authors: Weinmann Stefan 
Published: August 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Begriff „Krise“ wird in der Psychiatrie nicht einheitlich verwendet. Eine ausschließliche Verwendung von Krisenkonzepten und -theorien bei Menschen ohne psychiatrische Diagnosen oder nur leichten psychischen Störungen wirkt allerdings stigmatisierend und steht dem Recovery-Gedanken entgegen. Angesichts der fraglichen Validität psychiatrischer Diagnosekonstrukte wird in diesem Artikel geprüft, ob eine psychiatrische Akutbehandlung auch schwerer psychischer Erkrankungen mit einem Krisenkonzept möglich ist, und welche Auswirkungen dies auf die Behandlungspraxis hätte. Das Beispiel der Verwendung von Krisenkonzepten beim Home-Treatment zeigt ihre grundsätzliche Anwendbarkeit in der Behandlung akuter Krankheitsepisoden.
A Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Fused Perfluoroalkylated 2,3-Dihydroisoxazoles via Oxa-Michael-Aldol Annulation
Authors: Zhou Wei , Yao Lan , Zhang Hui , Tang Xiaojun , Cao Weiguo , Liu Yongxiurong , Shen Lichun , Chen Jie , Deng Hongmei , Shao Min 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA novel synthesis of fused perfluoroalkylated 2,3-dihydroisoxazoles is achieved via oxa-Michael-aldol annulation between perfluoroalk-2-ynoates and N-hydroxyimides. This method provides a convenient route for the synthesis of pyrrolidin-2-one-fused perfluoroalkylated 2,3-dihydroisoxazoles in yields of up to 97%. Diverse and pharmaceutically attractive polycyclic scaffolds can be obtained rapidly and efficiently under these mild, catalyst-free conditions.
Assessment of Parental Quality of Life in Febrile Seizures Using Pediatric Quality of Live Inventory Parental Report
Authors: Octavius Gilbert Sterling , Virliani Cindy , Juliansen Andry 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFebrile seizure (FS) is the most common convulsive disorder in children with FS prevalence in Indonesia reaching 2 to 4% in 2008. Although this entity has a good prognosis, it often brings panic, fear, and anxiety to the parents. This seemingly benign condition might lead to changes in family structures resulting in adverse effects on the family's daily lives and affect their overall quality of life (QoL). This study evaluates the QoL of parents whose children have FS. A cross-sectional study done in 47 parents whose children had a FS between ages 1 and 4 years from January 2020 to May 2020 and who were evaluated at the Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village. Parents were asked to fill in Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire parent proxy. Data normality was analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk's test and the significant impact of parents' QoL using the chi-square and independent t-tests. From a total of 47 parents, 30 (63.8%) parents had children with simple FS and 17 (36.2%) parents had children with complex FS. Parents whose children were in the age group of 1 year to 1 year 11 months had the best mean score of 79.64 (12.17) compared with other age groups. In the subset of 3 to 4 years old, the daily activities domain was significantly affected (p-value = 0.3). Parents with a lower educational level had a higher mean score of 76.53 (14.42) than parents who had a higher educational level, with a total mean of 79.88 (11.85), particularly with the highest mean score of 100 in the communication domain. The occurrence of FSs in children affected their parents' QoL in almost all domains in the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory questionnaire.
Indexicality, semanticity and contact along the now < this time pathway
Authors: Leddy-Cecere Thomas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study presents data from modern Arabic innovations now < this time to investigate the cross-linguistic developmental pathway temporal deictic < [demonstrative [time noun]]. Products of this path (e.g., German heute, Spanish ahora) feature consistently in contrastive approaches to grammaticalization and lexicalization and have been advanced as exclusive examples of both phenomena, without clear resolution. In this investigation, I establish the derivation of now forms in dialectal Arabic from ten distinct [demonstrative [time noun]] source constructions and identify patterns of fusion and coalescence relevant to both grammaticalization and lexicalization analyses. I then demonstrate a correlated progression of indexicalization and desemanticization in these items’ semanto-pragmatic structure that firmly positions them as examples of grammaticalizing, rather than lexicalizing, change, and proceed to develop this account via examination of the cross-dialectal diffusion of now < this time as an abstract, schematized structure. This approach provides additional support for a grammaticalization account of temporal deictic < [demonstrative [time noun]] developments cross-linguistically and elaborates a novel evidentiary stream with implications for the integration of contact linguistics and grammaticalization/lexicalization studies more broadly.