bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Extension of the Five‐factor Affine Term Structure Model: Predicting Future Bond Returns*
Authors: Jang Ga‐Young , Kang Hyoung‐Goo , Lee Dong‐Joon 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe investigate time‐varying risk premia in Korean government bonds using a five‐factor affine model. The model generates nearly perfectly fitted yields and estimates the bonds’ expected returns with more precision than the four‐factor model. We also find the statistically significant predictive power of the model for future bond returns using forward rates from cross‐sectional and time‐series regressions. The predictive power varies in time for bonds with different maturities and reverts to the mean values for short‐ and long‐term bonds, while showing a sign of momentum for medium‐term bonds. In out‐of‐sample exercises, the predictive power is even enhanced when volatility increases.
Who Answers for the Government? Bureaucrats, Ministers, and Responsible Parties
Authors: Goplerud Max , Smith Daniel M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA key feature of parliamentary democracy is government accountability vis‐à‐vis the legislature, but the important question of who speaks for the government—cabinet ministers or unelected bureaucrats, and the institutional underpinnings of this behavior—receives scant attention in the existing literature. We investigate this question using the case of Japan, and data on more than four million committee speeches spanning distinct electoral and legislative institutional environments. We document how a party‐strengthening electoral system reform in 1994 facilitated a dramatic shift in the nature of government accountability to parliamentary committees: speeches by ministers increased, speeches by bureaucrats decreased, and discursive accountability between ministers and opposition legislators increased. Subsequent legislative reforms expanding junior ministerial roles and placing explicit limits on bureaucratic participation further reinforced the effects. These findings shed new light on the institutional foundations of responsible party government in general as well as its progressive development in Japan.
Neurobiological and behavioral mechanisms of circadian rhythm disruption in bipolar disorder: A critical multi‐disciplinary literature review and agenda for future research from the ISBD task force on chronobiology
Authors: McCarthy Michael J. , Gottlieb John F. , Gonzalez Robert , McClung Colleen A. , Alloy Lauren B. , Cain Sean , Dulcis Davide , Etain Bruno , Frey Benicio N. , Garbazza Corrado , Ketchesin Kyle D. , Landgraf Dominic , Lee Heon‐Jeong , Marie‐Claire Cynthia , Nusslock Robin , Porcu Alessandra , Porter Richard , Ritter Philipp , Scott Jan , Smith Daniel , Swartz Holly A. , Murray Greg 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimSymptoms of bipolar disorder (BD) include changes in mood, activity, energy, sleep, and appetite. Since many of these processes are regulated by circadian function, circadian rhythm disturbance has been examined as a biological feature underlying BD. The International Society for Bipolar Disorders Chronobiology Task Force (CTF) was commissioned to review evidence for neurobiological and behavioral mechanisms pertinent to BD.MethodDrawing upon expertise in animal models, biomarkers, physiology, and behavior, CTF analyzed the relevant cross‐disciplinary literature to precisely frame the discussion around circadian rhythm disruption in BD, highlight key findings, and for the first time integrate findings across levels of analysis to develop an internally consistent, coherent theoretical framework.ResultsEvidence from multiple sources implicates the circadian system in mood regulation, with corresponding associations with BD diagnoses and mood‐related traits reported across genetic, cellular, physiological, and behavioral domains. However, circadian disruption does not appear to be specific to BD and is present across a variety of high‐risk, prodromal, and syndromic psychiatric disorders. Substantial variability and ambiguity among the definitions, concepts and assumptions underlying the research have limited replication and the emergence of consensus findings.ConclusionsFuture research in circadian rhythms and its role in BD is warranted. Well‐powered studies that carefully define associations between BD‐related and chronobiologically‐related constructs, and integrate across levels of analysis will be most illuminating.
Consistent variations in personality traits and their potential for genetic improvement in biocontrol agents: Trichogramma evanescens as a case study
Authors: Lartigue Silène , Yalaoui Myriam , Belliard Jean , Caravel Claire , Jeandroz Louise , Groussier Géraldine , Calcagno Vincent , Louâpre Philippe , Dechaume‐Moncharmont François‐Xavier , Malausa Thibaut , Moreau Jérôme 
Published: December 2021

AbstractImprovements in the biological control of agricultural pests require improvements in the phenotyping methods used by practitioners to select efficient biological control agent (BCA) populations in industrial rearing or field conditions. Consistent inter‐individual variations in behaviour (i.e. animal personality) probably affect BCA efficiency, but have never been taken into account in the development of phenotyping methods, despite having characteristics useful for phenotyping: repeatable (by definition), often heritable, etc. We developed a video‐tracking method targeting animal personality traits and evaluated the feasibility of its use for genetic improvement in the BCA Trichogramma evanescens, by phenotyping 1,049 individuals from 24 isogenic lines. We found consistent individual variations in boldness, activity and exploration. Personality differences between the 24 isogenic lines suggested a genetic origin of the variations in activity and exploration (broad‐sense heritability estimates of 0.06 to 0.11) and revealed a trade‐off between exploration and fecundity.
Cross‐sectional and prospective associations of sleep duration and bedtimes with adiposity and obesity risk in 15 810 youth from 11 international cohorts
Authors: Collings Paul J. , Grøntved Anders , Jago Russell , Kriemler Susi , Northstone Kate , Puder Jardena J. , Salmon Jo , Sardinha Luís B. , Steene‐Johannessen Jostein , van Sluijs Esther M. F. , Sherar Lauren B. , Esliger Dale W. , Ekelund Ulf ,   International Children's Accelerometry Database (ICAD) Collaborators
Published: December 2021

SummaryObjectivesTo investigate associations of bedtimes and sleep durations with adiposity levels in children and adolescents.MethodsIndividual data were pooled for 12 247 children (5819 with follow‐up adiposity at 2.3 ± 1.4 years post‐baseline) and 3563 adolescents from 11 international studies. Associations between questionnaire‐based sleep durations, bedtimes and four groups of combined bedtimes and sleep lengths (later‐shorter [reference]/earlier‐shorter/later‐longer/earlier‐longer) with measured adiposity (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference z‐scores) and weight status, were investigated.ResultsIn children, longer sleep durations were consistently associated with lower adiposity markers, and earlier bedtimes were related to lower BMI z‐score. Compared to sleeping <10 h, longer baseline sleep duration favourably predicted Δwaist z‐score in girls (≥10 and <11 h (β‐coefficient (95% confidence interval [CI])): −0.06 (−0.12 to −0.01)) and boys (≥11 h: −0.10 [−0.18 to −0.01]). Combined groups that were defined by longer sleep (later‐longer and earlier‐longer sleep patterns) were associated with lower adiposity, and later‐longer sleep favourably predicted Δwaist z‐score in girls (−0.09 [−0.15 to −0.02]). In adolescents, longer sleep durations and earlier bedtimes were associated with lower BMI z‐score in the whole sample, and also with lower waist z‐score in boys. Combined groups that were characterized by earlier bedtimes were associated with the same outcomes. For example, earlier‐shorter (−0.22 (−0.43 to −0.01) and earlier‐longer (−0.16 (−0.25 to −0.06) sleep were both associated with lower BMI z‐score.ConclusionsIf the associations are causal, longer sleep duration and earlier bedtimes should be targeted for obesity prevention, emphasizing longer sleep for children and earlier bedtimes for adolescents.
Novel cut‐off values of time from diagnosis to systematic therapy predict the overall survival and the efficacy of targeted therapy in renal cell carcinoma: A long‐term, follow‐up, retrospective study
Authors: Cao Chuanzhen , Shou Jianzhong , Shi Hongzhe , Jiang Weixing , Kang Xiangpeng , Xie Ruiyang , Shang Bingqing , Bi Xingang , Zhang Jin , Zheng Shan , Zhou Aiping , Li Changling , Ma Jianhui 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesMetastatic renal cell carcinoma can occur synchronously or metachronously. We characterized the time from diagnosis to systematic therapy as a categorical variable to analyze its effect on the overall survival and first‐line treatment efficacy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients.MethodsWe initially enrolled 949 consecutive metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with targeted therapies retrospectively from December 2005 to December 2019. X‐tile analysis was used to determine cut‐off values of time from diagnosis to systematic therapy referring to overall survival. Patients were divided into different groups based on the time from diagnosis to systematic therapy and then analyzed for survival.ResultsOf 358 eligible patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, 125 (34.9%) had synchronous metastases followed by cytoreductive nephrectomy, and 233 (65.1%) had metachronous metastases. A total of 28 patients received complete metastasectomy. Three optimal cut‐off values for the time from diagnosis to systematic therapy (months) – 1.1, 7.0 and 35.9 – were applied to divide the population into four groups: the synchro group (time from diagnosis to systematic therapy ≤1.0), early group (1.0 < time from diagnosis to systematic therapy ≤ 7.0), intermediate group (7.0 < time from diagnosis to systematic therapy < 36.0) and late group (time from diagnosis to systematic therapy ≥36.0). The targeted therapy‐related overall survival (P < 0.001) and progression‐free survival (P < 0.001) values were significantly different among the four groups. Patients with longer time from diagnosis to systematic therapy had better prognoses and promising efficacy of targeted therapy. With the prolongation of time from diagnosis to systematic therapy, complete metastasectomy was more likely to achieve and bring a better prognosis.ConclusionsThe time from diagnosis to systematic therapy impacts the survival of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with targeted therapy. The cutoff points of 1, 7 and 36 months were statistically significant. The statistical boundaries might be valuable in future model establishment.
Frequency dispersion model of the complex permeability of soft ferrites in the microwave frequency range
Authors: Barba‐Juan Antonio , Mormeneo‐Segarra Andrés , Vicente Nuria , Jarque Juan Carlos , Clausell‐Terol Carolina 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe complex permeability of Cu‐doped nickel‐zinc polycrystalline ferrites is strongly dependent on microstructure, particularly, on relative density () and average grain size (). In this study, a mathematical model, able to fit the measured magnetic permeability spectra from 106 to 109 Hz, is proposed and validated for a width range of average grain sizes (3.40–23.15 μm) and relative densities (0.83–0.96). To the authors’ knowledge, domain‐wall motion and spin rotation contributions to magnetic permeability have been integrated jointly with the microstructure for the first time in the proposed model, highlighting the relative influence of each magnetizing mechanism and microstructure on the magnetic permeability at different angular frequencies.
Targeting STAT3 prevents bile reflux‐induced oncogenic molecular events linked to hypopharyngeal carcinogenesis
Authors: Vageli Dimitra P. , Doukas Panagiotis G. , Siametis Athanasios , Judson Benjamin L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) oncogene is a transcription factor with a central role in head and neck cancer. Hypopharyngeal cells (HCs) exposed to acidic bile present aberrant activation of STAT3, possibly contributing to its oncogenic effect. We hypothesized that STAT3 contributes substantially to the bile reflux‐induced molecular oncogenic profile, which can be suppressed by STAT3 silencing or pharmacological inhibition. To explore our hypothesis, we targeted the STAT3 pathway, by knocking down STAT3 (STAT3 siRNA), and inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (Nifuroxazide) or dimerization (SI3‐201; STA‐21), in acidic bile (pH 4.0)‐exposed human HCs. Immunofluorescence, luciferase assay, Western blot, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and qPCR analyses revealed that STAT3 knockdown or pharmacologic inhibition significantly suppressed acidic bile‐induced STAT3 activation and its transcriptional activity, Bcl‐2 overexpression, transcriptional activation of IL6, TNF‐α, BCL2, EGFR, STAT3, RELA(p65), REL and WNT5A, and cell survival. Our novel findings document the important role of STAT3 in bile reflux‐related molecular oncogenic events, which can be dramatically prevented by STAT3 silencing. STA‐21, SI3‐201 or Nifuroxazide effectively inhibited STAT3 and cancer‐related inflammatory phenotype, encouraging their single or combined application in preventive or therapeutic strategies of bile reflux‐related hypopharyngeal carcinogenesis.
Simultaneous Policy Expansion and Reduction? Tracing Dismantling in the Context of Experimentalist Governance in European Union Environmental Policy
Authors: Pollex Jan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractResearch on EU policy has detected two developments that seem contradictory at first sight. On the one hand, there is evidence of continued rule growth and policy expansion. On the other hand, research points to dismantling, primarily via the backdoor and in comitology. This article investigates how experimentalist governance settings can provide opportunities for policy reduction within an overall expanding policy. Therefore, it focuses on the EU's Ecodesign policy which is characterized by a mix of binding and voluntary measures that qualify as experimentation. Although the voluntary measures contribute to rule growth, they are characterized by lenient standards compared to binding regulation under Ecodesign. In particular, they allow the Commission to follow a strategy of non‐adjustment. The article points to simultaneous expansion and dismantling processes not yet fully covered in previous research. Experimentalist governance poses a crucial element in enabling such developments leading to shallow expansion and allowing for dismantling.
The microbial metabolome in metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Li Mengci , Rajani Cynthia , Zheng Xiaojiao , Jia Wei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMetabolism‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is defined as the presence of excess fat in the liver in the absence of excess alcohol consumption and metabolic dysfunction. It has also been described as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. The incidence of MAFLD has been reported to be 43–60% in diabetics, ~90% in patients with hyperlipidemia, and 91% in morbidly obese patients. Risk factors that have been associated with the development of MAFLD include male gender, increasing age, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. All of these risk factors have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota, that is, gut dysbiosis. MAFLD can progress to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis with the presence of inflammation and ballooning, which can deteriorate into cirrhosis, MAFLD‐related hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. In this review, we will be focused on the role of the gut microbial metabolome in the development, progression, and potential treatment of MAFLD.
Turkish adaptation of Desire to Avoid Pregnancy Scale: A validity and reliability study
Authors: Doğan Yüksekol Özlem , Duman Mesude , Timur Taşhan Sermin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimThe purpose of the study was to adapt the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy Scale into Turkish and to study its validity and reliability.MethodsThe methodological study design was used. The study sample consisted of 510 nonpregnant women in a university hospital of a province in the east of Turkey between the dates of August 2019–February 2020. Personal information form and Turkish form of the scale were administered to women. The contraceptive intention scale was used as a parallel form.ResultsIn the study, it was determined that the scale consisted of 14 items as a result of exploratory factor analysis. As a result of the item analysis, it was determined that the scale item total correlations were between r = 0.71 and 0.92. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.97. The item‐total correlation of the scale and parallel form reliability showed a high level of agreement.ConclusionIt was determined that the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining the wishes of Turkish women regarding pregnancy.
Atypical preeclampsia without underlying disease and elevated sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio
Authors: Mimura Kazuya , Tomimatsu Takuji , Endo Masayuki , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAtypical preeclampsia before 20 weeks of gestation without an underlying disease is very rare; however, the soluble Fms‐like tyrosine kinase 1/placental growth factor (sFlt‐1/PlGF) ratios remain unknown. Four pregnant women with no underlying disease, except for a history of childhood IgA vasculitis, developed preeclampsia at 13, 14, 17, and 18 weeks of gestation with sFlt‐1/PlGF ratios of 1589, 1183, 500, and 1460 pg/mL, respectively. Their pregnancies were terminated, and they delivered within 2 weeks. All previously abnormal clinical findings normalized within 3 months. The sFlt‐1/PlGF ratios were elevated in the four patients with atypical preeclampsia without underlying disease before 20 weeks of gestation. A high sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio may be indicative of preeclampsia when no underlying disease is present in pregnancies of less than 20 weeks of gestation.
Who is eating quinoa?: How consumer characteristics and beliefs affect the expenditure on this functional food versus traditional staple items
Authors: Morales Luis Emilio , Higuchi Angie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe regular consumption of quinoa has been promoted worldwide based on its high nutritional value and health benefits. However, the industry has limited information about how consumer characteristics and beliefs about functional foods affect their expenditure on those items versus traditional staple foods. Survey data were collected in Modern Metropolitan Lima, Peru, which is a case study that presents the potential relevance that functional foods could reach as part of the population diet, when they are well established as mature products. The results indicate that household income, years of education, practicing exercise regularly, and a positive sensory appeal increase monthly expenditure on quinoa. Moreover, the more consumers consider quinoa as an expensive product, the higher is their expenditure on rice, pasta, and potato, suggesting a substitution effect between quinoa and staple foods based on relative prices and budget constraints, which are key outcomes to be considered when designing food campaigns.Practical applicationsFood policies and campaigns promoting a regular consumption of foods regarded as functional, as the case of quinoa, could have a positive impact on nutrition, health, and wellbeing of a growing population with malnutrition. This study provides practical implications for both policy makers and marketers of the food industry, who could develop strategies to increase the consumer expenditure and consumption of quinoa and other functional foods through the promotion of their regular intake based on their good taste when mixed with other food items and their positive contribution to a healthy diet. Considering their higher price compared to staple foods, governments could also subsidize the consumption of functional foods among families with low disposable income, allowing all citizens to consume these products and perceive their nutritional and health benefits.
The impact of acoustic stimulation during sleep on memory and sleep architecture: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Stanyer Emily C. , Baniqued Paul Dominick E. , Awais Muhammad , Kouara Layla , Davies Andrew G. , Killan Edward C. , Mushtaq Faisal 
Published: December 2021

SummaryThe relationship between sleep and cognition has long been recognized, with slow‐wave sleep thought to play a critical role in long‐term memory consolidation. Recent research has presented the possibility that non‐invasive acoustic stimulation during sleep could enhance memory consolidation. Herein, we report a random‐effects model meta‐analysis examining the impact of this intervention on memory and sleep architecture in healthy adults. Sixteen studies were identified through a systematic search. We found a medium significant effect of acoustic stimulation on memory task performance (g = 0.68, p = .031) in young adults <35 years of age, but no statistically significant effect in adults >35 years of age (g = −0.83, p = .223). In young adults, there was a large statistically significant effect for declarative memory tasks (g = 0.87, p = .014) but no effect for non‐declarative tasks (g = −0.25, p = .357). There were no statistically significant differences in polysomnography‐derived sleep architecture values between sham and stimulation conditions in either young or older adults. Based on these results, it appears that acoustic stimulation during sleep may only be an effective intervention for declarative memory consolidation in young adults. However, the small number of studies in this area, their small sample sizes, the short‐term nature of most investigations and the high between‐studies heterogeneity highlight a need for high‐powered and long‐term experiments to better elucidate, and subsequently maximise, any potential benefits of this novel approach.
Habitat associations between Streptococcus bovis/equinus complex and Streptococcus phocae, the causative agents of strep syndrome in sea otters, and the marine environment
Authors: Rouse Natalie M. , Counihan Katrina L. , Boege Tobin Deborah D. , Goertz Caroline E. C. , Duddleston Khrystyne N. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe bacteria in the Streptococcus bovis/equinus complex (SBEC) and Streptococcus phocae have caused significant morbidity and mortality in northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni). In order to illuminate the persistence and possible mechanisms of transmission of SBEC and S. phocae, the presence and absence of these bacteria were compared with 31 habitat attributes in Kachemak Bay and Resurrection Bay, Alaska. Bay mussels or water were collected at 1600‐m intervals around the perimeters of each bay and habitat attributes were recorded onsite and/or determined using ShoreZone. PCR was used to confirm the presence of bacteria, and presence was correlated with habitat attributes. Geographic spatial analysis revealed a cluster of low occurrence of both SBEC and S. phocae in an extremely shallow portion of Kachemak Bay that may be due to drying of the area between tide cycles. A cluster of high occurrence of S. phocae on the northeast side of the Kachemak Bay was identified that may be associated with harbor seal presence. No statistically significant clusters were found in Resurrection Bay. Habitat attributes (rockweed, eelgrass, habitat class, soft brown kelp and substrates of rock, sand and boulder) were found to be associated with presence of the target bacteria; however, relationships were not consistent with the bacteria or each bay. This could be due to the complexity of the relationship between SBEC and S. phocae and their environments, as well as intrinsic differences (such as nearshore temperatures) between Kachemak and Resurrection Bays.