bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Identification of Fungi Contaminating Potato Chips Intended for Children’s Consumption and Assessing their Toxins
Authors: AL-Ameri Hadeel A. , Ramadan Nadeem A. 
Published: October 2021

The study aims to investigate the presence of fungi and their toxins in different samples of potato chips imported from different origins. Fifteen chips’ samples were collected from the local markets of Mosul city/Iraq which included various global origins with several flavors of pepper, paprika, hot spices, and cheese. It appears that all potato chips’ samples were contaminated with fungi and mycotoxins. It was evident that Penicillium spp. were the most predominant fungi followed by Aspergillus spp. and Rhodotorella spp. came third, while Geotrichumspp and yeasts came in fourth. Potato chips from the brand Pringles was contaminated with Penicillium spp., and Geotrichum spp. at a percentage of 50, 30% respectively. The Hum Hum brand samples were contaminated with A.terrus and Penicillium spp. at 40, 30% respectively. Dream brand samples were contaminated with A.jamanicum., and Penicillium., at percentages of 30, 60% respectively. Lays1 with tomato ketchup samples were contaminated with four genera: Penicillium spp., Mucor spp., Rhodotorellaspp., and yeast with percentages of 40, 20, 10, and 10% respectively. Lays2 with French cheese variety was contaminated with the same fungi of laystype but with the addition of Aspergilli (A. versicolor and A. niger), which were 60 and 30% respectively. The Patos brand potato chips were contaminated with two Aspergilli (A.astus and A.jamanicum), at 30 and 40% respectively. Zearalenone was found to be the highest contaminant (13.81ppm) of mycotoxins followed by aflatoxins (0.26ppm). Ochratoxin was the least contaminant (0.16ppm) in the analyzed potato chips. It can be concluded that all tested potato chips’ samples showed the presence of fungi and mycotoxins. However, all mycotoxins (aflatoxin, ochratoxin, and zearalenone) in the food commodities were within the permissible limits intended for human consumption.
Analisis Penerapan Metode Lossy Pada Kompresi Citra Steganografi
Authors: Sembiring Abdul Sani 
Published: October 2021

The internet has become a very important part of communication development in the world. Exchange of information over the internet has many advantages compared to other communication media, especially in terms of speed. But information sent via the internet, security cannot be accounted for. Tapping on confidential information, very often occurs in this communication media. Channels used by the internet are generally not safe channels.
By using the lossy compression method, compression can only be applied to images that have similarities to themselves (self similiarity) so that the size of the image gets smaller and saves storage space and accelerates the sending of the image using internet media.
Miedo y Confrontación a la muerte: Estudio en Estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud
Authors: Padilla Cuadra Juan Ignacio , Torres Fernandez David , Coto Jimenez Ericka , Rodriguez Yebra Lisette , Fonseca Cordero Humberto , Varela Pasos Rosibel 
Published: October 2021

La muerte como un evento natural ineludible pero impredecible es un agente generador de ansiedad y temor tanto en pacientes y sus familiares como en profesionales en ciencias de la salud. Es infrecuente que se discuta sobre el tema ni se asignan tópicos en los programas de formación universitaria en ciencias de la salud para el desarrollo de actitudes y competencia especiales en el manejo de pacientes en proceso de morir. Se realizó estudio transversal mediante la aplicación de instrumentos a estudiantes de cuatro carreras de ciencias de la salud para evaluar el nivel de competencia en el afrontamiento según la escala de Bugen, nivel de miedo a la muerte según la escala de Revista Ciencias de la Salud Collett-Lester y se agrega cuestionario para cuantificar el nivel de aceptación a la donación de órganos. Los instrumentos fueron aplicados a un total de 445 estudiantes. La distribución por género fue 97 hombres (21.8 %) y 348 mujeres (78.2 %). Según facultad, los encuestados quedaron distribuidos en 259 (58.2%) de medicina, 94 de farmacia (21.1%), 70 de psicología (15.7%) y 22 de enfermería ( 5.0 %). El análisis de confiabilidad de las escalas aplicadas de acuerdo con Alfa de Cronbach fue superior a 0.80. Al analizar los resultados, usando pruebas T para muestras independientes se encuentran diferencias en religiosidad, miedo a la propia muerte, miedo al propio proceso de muerte, y miedo a la muerte de otros. En esto, puntúan más alto las mujeres. No se demostraron diferencias por género en afrontamiento a la muerte o en actitud hacia la donación de órganos. En cuanto a los resultados por facultad, hay diferencias significativas en el miedo al proceso de muerte de otros donde los estudiantes de farmacia reportan puntajes mayores que los de medicina. Además, este mismo grupo de estudiantes (farmacia) reportan menores puntajes en afrontamiento a la muestra que las demás facultades. Se concluye que hay diferencias en cuanto al miedo a la propia muerte entre los estudiantes de diferentes carreras, así como por género. Se recomienda considerar estos resultados en los procesos de diseño curricular para abordar la capacitación en cuanto a actitudes sobre la muerte a estudiantes de ciencias de la salud.
La trajectoire du renouveau minier dans la presse écrite française (2009‑2019)
Authors: Chailleux1 Sébastien 
Published: October 2021

L’article analyse la trajectoire argumentative du renouveau minier dans la presse française entre 2009 et 2019. Après avoir décrit la construction de l’énoncé de relance de l’exploration minière dans un espace confiné alliant experts du sous-sol et services administratifs, je montre la manière dont cet énoncé a été critiqué dans la presse régionale française ainsi que l’émergence d’une problématisation du renouveau minier comme un danger environnemental et un déni de démocratie. Basé sur une série d’entretiens semi-directifs et une analyse d’un corpus de 699 articles de presse, l’article pointe trois faiblesses de l’énoncé propositionnel de renouveau minier participant à son échec dans le forum médiatique : l’inadéquation du modèle spéculatif de la petite société d’exploration, l’inconsistance et l’inconstance du portage politique et l’inadaptation du régime de justification experte face aux critiques. Il s’agit alors de souligner que la portée d’un énoncé de politique publique est déterminée par sa capacité à traverser différents espaces de débat, confinés et publics, et à s’adapter à leurs règles et aux régimes de faisabilité qui les structurent.
Improved V2OX Passivating Contact for p‐Type Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Oxygen Vacancy Modulation with a SiOX Tunnel Layer
Authors: Du Guanlin , Li Le , Yang Xinbo , Zhou Xi , Su Zhenhuang , Cheng Peihong , Lin Yinyue , Lu Linfeng , Wang Jilei , Yang Liyou , Gao Xingyu , Chen Xiaoyuan , Li Dongdong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTransition metal oxide (TMO) thin films featuring tunable work function, high transmittance, and simple fabrication process are expected to serve as carrier‐selective transport layers for high‐efficiency crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells. TMOs are prone to reaction or elemental migration with adjacent materials, which leads to uncontrollable optical and electrical properties. In this work, V2OX passivating contact, a promising hole transport layer (HTL) thanks to its high work function, is investigated and implemented in p‐type c‐Si solar cells. An ultrathin SiOX tunnel layer is intentionally introduced by UV/O3 pretreatment to suppress the redox reaction at c‐Si/V2OX interface. Both saturation current density and contact resistance are reduced with the presence of UV‐SiOX due to the well tunned oxygen vacancies in SiOX and V2OX thin films. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) based on p‐Si/UV‐SiOX/V2OX/Ag rear contact achieves 21.01% with an increased open‐circuit voltage of 635 mV and fill factor (FF) of 83.25%.
Collectively Exhaustive MXene and Graphene Oxide Multilayer for Suppressing Shuttling Effect in Flexible Lithium Sulfur Battery
Authors: Nam Sanghee , Kim Jaehwan , Nguyen Van Hiep , Mahato Manmatha , Oh Saewoong , Thangasamy Pitchai , Ahn Chi Won , Oh Il‐Kwon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe shuttling effect of lithium polysulfide (LiPS), which leads to the gravest capacity degradation, is one of the critical problems to hindering the commercialization of lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs). Here, collectively exhaustive Ti3C2Tx MXene and graphene oxide (GO) multilayers are reported to suppress the shuttling effect by utilizing both physical inhibition of micro/mesoporous and chemical absorption of surface functional groups. The abundant surface functional groups of GO and MXene attract the positively charged lithium ion (Li+) and eject the negatively charged polysulfides (Sn2–) through electrostatic affinity and repulsion. A simple approach using vacuum filtration is utilized to encapsulate elemental sulfur (S8) between GO and MXene film (GSM), acting as a permselective separator and functionalized current collector, respectively. The functionally antagonistic GSM directly plays a role in a cathode for LSBs and exhibits a specific capacity of 1425 mAh g–1 at 0.1C in the initial cycle. The abundant functional groups, which can chemisorb the LiPSs, result in a high cyclic retention of ≈85.1% after 500 cycles. Furthermore, a flexible LSB is demonstrated with a PEO‐LiTFSI electrolyte based on the flexibility of the exceptionally thin GSM due to the 2D nanomaterials, MXene and graphene oxide.
Mediated Inner‐Sphere Electron Transfer Induces Homogeneous Reduction of CO2 via Through‐Space Electronic Conjugation**
Authors: Hooe Shelby L. , Moreno Juan J. , Reid Amelia G. , Cook Emma N. , Machan Charles W. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 is an appealing method for converting renewable energy sources into value‐added chemical feedstocks. We report a co‐electrocatalytic system for the reduction of CO2 to CO comprised of a molecular Cr complex and dibenzothiophene‐5,5‐dioxide (DBTD) as a redox mediator, which achieves high activity (TOF=1.51–2.84×105 s−1) and quantitative selectivity. Under aprotic or protic conditions, DBTD produces a co‐electrocatalytic response with 1 by coordinating trans to the site of CO2 binding and mediating electron transfer from the electrode with quantitative efficiency for CO. This assembly is reliant on through‐space electronic conjugation between the π frameworks of DBTD and the bpy fragment of the catalyst ligand, with contributions from dispersive interactions and weak sulfone coordination.
Production of Alkyl Aryl Sulfides from Aromatic Disulfides and Alkyl Carboxylates via a Disilathiane–Disulfide Interchange Reaction
Authors: Nakajima Takumi , Takano Ken , Maeda Hiromu , Ogiwara Yohei , Sakai Norio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe results of this study show that disilathiane is an effective mediator in the synthesis of alkyl aryl sulfides with disulfides and alkyl carboxylates. Mechanistic studies suggest that disilathiane promotes cleavage of the sulfur–sulfur bond of disulfides to generate thiosilane as a key intermediate. Diselenides were also applicable to this transformation to produce the corresponding selenides.
Sulfur‐driven autotrophic denitrification of nitric oxide for efficient nitrous oxide recovery
Authors: Wu Lan , Wang Li‐Kun , Wei Wei , Song Lan , Ni Bing‐Jie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) was previously deemed as a potent greenhouse gas but is actually an untapped energy source, which can accumulate during the microbial denitrification of nitric oxide (NO). Compared with the organic electron donor required in heterotrophic denitrification, elemental sulfur (S0) is a promising electron donor alternative due to its cheap cost and low biomass yield in sulfur‐driven autotrophic denitrification. However, no effort has been made to test N2O recovery from sulfur‐driven denitrification of NO so far. Therefore, in this study, batch and continuous experiments were carried out to investigate the NO removal performance and N2O recovery potential via sulfur‐driven NO‐based denitrification under various Fe(II)EDTA‐NO concentrations. Efficient energy recovery was achieved, as up to 35.5%–40.9% of NO was converted to N2O under various NO concentrations. N2O recovery from Fe(II)EDTA‐NO could be enhanced by the low bioavailability of sulfur and the acid environment caused by sulfur oxidation. The NO reductase (NOR) and N2O reductase (N2OR) were inhibited distinctively at relatively low NO levels, leading to efficient N2O accumulation, but were suppressed irreversibly at NO level beyond 15 mM in continuous experiments. Such results indicated that the regulation of NO at a relatively low level would benefit the system stability and NO removal capacity during long‐term system operation. The continuous operation of the sulfur‐driven Fe(II)EDTA‐NO‐based denitrification reduced the overall microbial diversity but enriched several key microbial community. Thauera, Thermomonas, and Arenimonas that are able to carry out sulfur‐driven autotrophic denitrification became the dominant organisms with their relative abundance increased from 25.8% to 68.3%, collectively.
Tuning Metal‐Support Interaction and Surface Acidic Sites of Ni/Al2O3 by Dopamine Modification for Glycerol Steam Reforming
Authors: Wang Yunzhu , Zhu Songshan , Zheng Xiangqian , Lu Jichang , Zhao Yi , He Sufang , Lu Huihui , Luo Yongming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work, a universal dopamine modification strategy is used to improve the catalytic performance of Ni/Al2O3 for hydrogen production in glycerol steam reforming (GSR). Ni/Al2O3 showed poor catalytic stability with rapid deactivation after 8 h of reaction in GSR. Glycerol conversion and hydrogen selectivity were significantly higher for dopamine‐modified Ni/Al2O3 (by 98 % and 95 %, respectively) and this improved performance was maintained well for 21 h in the stability test. The protective carbon shell derived from dopamine was formed easily on the Ni/Al2O3 surface, the aggregation of Ni nanoparticles was inhibited, and the dispersion of Ni nanoparticles was improved. The electron‐donating effect of amino group to Ni2+ weakened the Ni‐Al2O3 interaction, and then promoted the reduction of the Ni species. In addition, the decrease in the number of strong acidic sites reduced the amount of carbon deposition on dopamine‐modified Ni/Al2O3. The moderate metal‐support interaction was more conducive to the formation of filamentous carbon, which collectively contributed to the increased catalytic stability of dopamine‐modified Ni/Al2O3. The facile dopamine‐modified method significantly improves the catalytic performance and can be generalized to other catalytic reaction that involve sintering and carbon deposition issues.
Nanoscale CuFe2O4 Uniformly Decorated on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanofibers as Highly Efficient Catalysts for Polysulfide Conversion in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: He Yanping , Bi Mingzhu , Yu Heli , Zhang Cuijuan , Majeed Arslan , Shen Xiangqian , Yao Shanshan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries have been considered one of the most promising energy storage systems, owing to the theoretical specific capacity (1675 mAh g−1) and energy density (2600 Wh g−1). However, it is challenging to solve the shuttling and low reduction kinetics of lithium polysulfides. Hence, the combination of electrospun and hydrothermal treatments acts as an effective strategy to synthesize copper ferrite nanoparticles decorated on nitrogen doped carbon nanofibers (CF/NC). The resultant material is employed as a positive current collector containing Li2S6 catholyte for Li−S batteries. The addition of CF nanoparticles plays a vital role in capturing polysulfides in both physical and chemical adsorption. Besides, promoted sulfur conversion kinetics are obtained due to the excellent catalytic effect, which enabled significantly improved sulfur utilization, high‐rate capability, and cycling stability. Under a 5.75 mg sulfur loading, the cell with CF/NC delivers an excellent cycling stability with 609 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 0.2 C. Even at 12.15 mg high sulfur loading, the high initial capacity of the cell is 9.4 mAh at 0.1 C.
Synthetic Studies on Alotamide A: Construction of N‐Demethylalotamide A
Authors: Souto José A. , Román David , Domínguez Marta , de Lera Ángel R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSeveral approaches to the synthesis of cyclodepsipeptide natural product alotamide A are described, eventually affording a very advanced N‐demethylated analogue of the targeted natural product. The difficulties found in our endeavors on the synthesis of alotamide A have allowed us to gather some valuable information regarding the most convenient synthetic step for each key transformation. The intramolecular Csp2−Csp2 Stille cross‐coupling and the macrolactam formation were found to be reliable protocols for the final construction of the alotamide A skeleton.
Diversity In Motivations and Behavioral Response to Regulations in the Striped Bass Commercial Fishery
Authors: Murphy Robert , Scyphers Steven , Gray Steven , Grabowski Jonathan H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
It is evident that fishery stakeholder groups are not homogenous, and that inter- and intra-group variation can exist in the form of unique perspectives, motivations for fishery participation, and receptiveness to management measures. However, management agencies often allocate quota and design regulatory plans around distinct groups, such as recreational versus commercial sectors. Our study used the commercial fishery for Striped Bass Morone saxatilis as a case study to explore the motivations and behaviors of commercial fishers in Massachusetts. Results of an online and mail survey suggest that many commercial fishers maintain several motivations for fishing, including both monetary and non-monetary, like the desire to be outdoors. Intended behavior differences emerged in response to several hypothetical regulatory scenarios, and these disparate behaviors could be partly explained by heterogeneity in fisher motivations and other fishing and non-fishing attributes. Additionally, we uncovered spillover effects, whereby effort controls could impact other commercial and recreational fisheries. We recommend a relaxation of the assumption that commercial fishers are solely motivated by monetary outcomes, and that holistic approaches to management include information on fisher behavior and motivations.
Inclined magnetized and energy transportation aspect of infinite shear rate viscosity model of Carreau nanofluid with multiple features over wedge geometry
Authors: Shah Syed Zahir Hussain , Fathurrochman Irwan , Ayub Assad , Altamirano Gilder Cieza , Rizwan Ali , Núñez Rafaél Artidoro Sandoval , Sabir Zulqurnain , Yeskindirova Manshuk 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHeat transference in fluid mechanism has a deep influence in real‐life applications like hot‐mix paving, recovery of energy, concrete heating, heat spacing, refineries, distillation, autoclaves, reactors, air conditioning, and so forth. In this attempt, findings related to energy exchange with features of infinite shear rate viscosity model of Carreau nanofluid by placing inclined magnetic dipole over the wedge are made. The main role in the transportation of heat is exercised by incorporating facts of radiation, nonuniform heat sink source, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and chemical reaction. The mathematical system of the infinite shear rate viscosity model of Carreau nanofluid gives a system of partial differential equations and furthermore, these are moved into ordinary differential equations. A numerical procedure is applied via shooting/bvp4c to obtain numerical results. Inclined magnetic dipole gives a lower velocity of Carreau nanofluid. Due to the relaxation time factor velocity of Carreau fluid gets down. A* causes to generate the heat internally, so due to this, temperature increases rapidly. The increasing rate of temperature is found very high for the growing Hartmann number. The rate of mass transport becomes low for gradual increment in the parameter of thermophoresis, wedge angle, and Prandtl. Inclined magnetic dipole gives a lower velocity of Carreau nanofluid. Due to the relaxation time factor, the velocity of the Carreau fluid goes down. The absence and presence of magnetic numbers have no influence on velocity, temperature, and concentration files for Le, Rd, θf, γ, We, β, Pr, Nb, Nt, A.
Vitamin D Modulation of Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism andmTOREnforces Stress Adaptations and Anticancer Responses
Authors: Quigley Mikayla , Rieger Sandra , Capobianco Enrico , Wang Zheng , Zhao Hengguang , Hewison Martin , Lisse Thomas S 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTThe relationship between the active form of vitamin D3(1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), two integral signaling molecules of the cell, is poorly understood. This is striking, given that both factors are involved in cancer cell regulation and metabolism. Mitochondria (mt) dysfunction is one of the main drivers of cancer, producing more mitochondria, higher cellular energy, and ROS that can enhance oxidative stress and stress tolerance responses. To study the effects of 1,25(OH)2D on metabolic and mt dysfunction, we used the vitamin D receptor (VDR)‐sensitive MG‐63 osteosarcoma cell model. Using biochemical approaches, 1,25(OH)2D decreased mt ROS levels, membrane potential (ΔΨmt), biogenesis, and translation, while enforcing endoplasmic reticulum/mitohormetic stress adaptive responses. Using a mitochondria‐focused transcriptomic approach, gene set enrichment and pathway analyses show that 1,25(OH)2D lowered mt fusion/fission and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). By contrast, mitophagy, ROS defense, and epigenetic gene regulation were enhanced after 1,25(OH)2D treatment, as well as key metabolic enzymes that regulate fluxes of substrates for cellular architecture and a shift toward non‐oxidative energy metabolism. ATACseq revealed putative oxi‐sensitive and tumor‐suppressing transcription factors that may regulate important mt functional genes such as the mTORC1 inhibitor,DDIT4/REDD1. DDIT4/REDD1 was predominantly localized to the outer mt membrane in untreated MG‐63 cells yet sequestered in the cytoplasm after 1,25(OH)2D and rotenone treatments, suggesting a level of control by membrane depolarization to facilitate its cytoplasmic mTORC1 inhibitory function. The results show that 1,25(OH)2D activates distinct adaptive metabolic responses involving mitochondria to regain redox balance and control the growth of osteosarcoma cells. © 2021 The Authors.JBMR Pluspublished by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.