bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural occurrence of Azospirillum brasilense in petunia with capacity to improve plant growth and flowering
Authors: Toffoli Lucía M. , Martínez‐Zamora Martín G. , Medrano Norma N. , Fontana Cecilia A. , Lovaisa Nadia C. , Delaporte‐Quintana Paola , Elias Juliana M. , Salazar Sergio M. , Pedraza Raúl O. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the natural occurrence of the plant growth‐promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense and petunia plants, local strains were isolated and characterized by biochemical and molecular methods. Three strains were assessed in greenhouse conditions using Petunia × hybrida Ultra™. Treatments: Plants without bacterial inoculation or chemical fertilization; fertilized with NPK and KNO3; and independently inoculated with the strains 2A1, 2A2, and 2E1 by submerging their roots in a bacterial suspension (~106 CFU·ml−1). Root length, dry weight of roots and shoots, leaf area, leaf greenness, and nutrient content were evaluated. The number of days from transplanting to the opening of the first flower and the number of flowers per plant were also determined. As a result, five isolates were characterized as A. brasilense, showing the capacity to produce indoles and siderophores, to solubilize phosphate, nitrogenase activity, and nifH‐PCR amplification. In general, all the parameters of the plant assay were improved in plants inoculated with A. brasilense, with variations among the strains, as well as the onset of flowering and the number of flowers per plant, compared with uninoculated or fertilized plants. This is the first report on the natural occurrence of A. brasilense in petunia with the capacity to improve plant growth and flowering.
A semi‐automatic framework based upon quantitative analysis of MR‐images for classification of femur cartilage into asymptomatic, early OA, and advanced‐OA groups
Authors: Thaha Rafeek , Jogi Sandeep P. , Rajan Sriram , Mahajan Vidur , Mehndiratta Amit , Singh Anup 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo develop a semi‐automatic framework for quantitative analysis of biochemical properties and thickness of femur cartilage using magnetic resonance (MR) images and evaluate its potential for femur cartilage classification into asymptomatic (AS), early osteoarthritis (OA), and advanced OA groups. In this study, knee joint MRI data (fat suppressed‐proton density‐weighted and multi‐echo T2‐weighted images) of eight AS‐volunteers (data acquired twice) and 34 OA patients including 20 early OA (16 Grade‐I and 4 Grade‐II), 14 advanced‐OA (Grade‐III) were acquired at 3.0T MR scanner. Modified Outerbridge classification criteria was performed for the clinical evaluation of data by an experienced radiologist. Cartilage segmentation, T2‐mapping, 2D‐WearMap generation, and subregion analysis were performed semi‐automatically using in‐house developed algorithms. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) were computed for testing the reproducibility of T2 values. One‐way analysis of variance with Tukey–Kramer post hoc test was performed for evaluating the differences among the groups. The performance of individual T2 and thickness, as well as their combination using logistic regression, were evaluated with receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. The interscan agreement based on the ICC index was 0.95 and the CV was 2.45 ± 1.33%. T2 mean of values greater than 75th percentile showed sensitivity and specificity of 94.1% and 81.3% (AUC = 0.93, cut‐off value = 47.9 ms) in differentiating AS volunteers versus OA group, while sensitivity and specificity of 90.0% and 81.3% (AUC = 0.90, cut‐off value = 47.9 ms) in differentiating AS volunteers versus early OA groups, respectively. In the differentiation of early OA versus advanced‐OA group, ROC results of combination (T2 and thickness) showed the highest sensitivity and specificity of 85.7%, and 70.0% (AUC = 0.79, cut‐off value = 0.39) compared with individual T2 and thickness features, respectively. A computer‐aided quantitative evaluation of femur cartilage degeneration showed promising results and can be used to assist clinicians in diagnosing OA.
Adverse perioperative outcomes among patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery: Quantifying attributable risk from malnutrition
Authors: Kenny Erin , Samavat Hamed , Touger‐Decker Riva , Parrott J. Scott , Byham‐Gray Laura , August David Allen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative malnutrition adversely impacts perioperative outcomes among patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. The attributable risk (AR) that nutrition status contributes towards negative outcomes is poorly understood.MethodsAdults undergoing GI cancer surgeries were identified within the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2005–2017). Emergency surgeries, outpatients, and cases with an American Society of Anesthesiologists status above III were excluded. Adjusted multivariable models were constructed to determine the associations between markers of nutrition status (body mass index, >10% weight loss in last 6 months, functional status, and serum albumin level) and adverse perioperative outcomes (presence and number of complications, death, 30‐day readmission, and length of stay). Predictive accuracy statistics and population AR (PAR) were determined.ResultsThe final sample included 78,662 cases. Patients with >10% weight loss 6 months preceding surgery (compared with those who did not), had a significantly increased risk of complications (Relative Risk = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.20–1.37) and odds of death (odds ratio [OR] = 1.37; 95% CI, 1.18–1.59). A totally dependent functional status (compared with independent status) was associated with a 3.3‐times higher odds of death (OR = 3.30; 95% CI, 1.53–7.15). Multivariable models were not predictive of adverse outcomes; PAR from the markers ranged 1%–2%.ConclusionTen percent weight loss in preceding 6 months was associated with increased risk of adverse perioperative outcomes among adults undergoing GI cancer surgery. The contribution of nutrition status markers to surgical outcomes as assessed by PAR was small (1%–2%), a finding not previously reported. Future intervention studies should include validated nutrition risk markers, control for effects of perioperative variables, and evaluate PAR within the immediate/long‐term postoperative periods.
Data sharing—trialists' plans at registration, attitudes, barriers and facilitators: A cohort study and cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Tan Aidan Christopher , Askie Lisa M. , Hunter Kylie Elizabeth , Barba Angie , Simes Robert John , Seidler Anna Lene 
Published: May 2021

AbstractData unavailability impedes research transparency and is a major problem for individual participant data (IPD) meta‐analyses as it reduces statistical power, increases risk of bias, and may even preclude completion. The primary objectives of this study were to determine IPD sharing plans reported in recently registered clinical trial registration records, how data sharing commitment relates to clinical trial characteristics, and principal investigators' attitudes, motivations and barriers to data sharing. The secondary objective was to derive recommendations to overcome identified barriers to data sharing. This was a retrospective cohort study of all interventional trials registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) from 1 December 2018 to 30 November 2019, and an online cross‐sectional survey of their principal investigators. In the cohort study of all clinical trials registered on the ANZCTR in the study period (n = 1517), commitment to share data was low (22%, 329/1517). In the cross‐sectional survey (n = 281, 23% response rate), principal investigators showed strong support for the concept of data sharing (77%, 216/281) but a substantially lower intention to actually share data from their clinical trials (40%, 111/281). Major barriers to data sharing included lacking informed consent to share data, protecting participant confidentiality and preventing misinterpretation of data or misleading secondary analyses. There is a gap between high in‐principle support for data sharing, and low in‐practice intention from investigators to share data from their own clinical trials. Multiple pathways exist to bridge this gap by addressing the identified barriers to data sharing.
Formation of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Foams by Compression of Soft Porous Material
Authors: Johnson Phillip , Vaccaro Mauro , Starov Victor , Trybala Anna 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInteraction of foams with porous materials is frequently observed in industry and nature. An example is the interaction of foam of a cleaning product with a sponge, which has been investigated previously in Johnson et al., Colloids Surfaces A, 2019, 579, June, p. 123569 with commercial dishwashing solution using a compression device with a sponge saturated with a surfactant solution. The purpose of this study is to investigate the same process using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which has the same critical micelle concentration (CMC) as the commercial surfactant used. It is found that SDS concentration 10 times the CMC is the optimum concentration for foam formation. Any further increase in concentration above 10 CMC does not result in further increase of foam mass. Although the concentration of the surfactant solution was the most important parameter, temperature and pH of the surfactant also influenced the foam generation. Increasing the temperature resulted in decreasing the mass of foam generated and pH 7 was found as the optimal pH for foam generation.
A chemometric approach for the differentiation of 15 monofloral honeys based on physicochemical parameters
Authors: Rodopoulou Maria‐Anna , Tananaki Chrysoula , Kanelis Dimitrios , Liolios Vasilios , Dimou Maria , Thrasyvoulou Andreas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough the main method for authentication of monofloral honey is pollen analysis, other classification approaches have been also applied. However, the majority of the existing classification models so far have utilized a few honey types or a few honey samples of each honey type, which can lead to inaccurate results. Aiming at addressing this, the goal of the present study was to create a classification model by analysing in total 250 honey samples from 15 different monofloral honey types in ten physicochemical parameters and then, multivariate analysis [multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and multi‐discriminant analysis (MDA)] was applied in an effort to distinguish and classify them.RESULTSElectrical conductivity and colour were found to have the highest discriminative power, allowing the classification of monofloral honey types, such as oak, knotgrass and chestnut honey, as well as the differentiation between honeydew and nectar honeys. The classification model had a high predictive power, as the 84.4% of the group cases was correctly classified, while for the cases of chestnut, strawberry tree and sunflower honeys the respective prediction was correct by 91.3%, 95% and 100%, allowing further determination of unknown honey samples.CONCLUSIONIt seems that the characterization of monofloral honeys based on their physicochemical parameters through the proposed model can be achieved and further applied on other honey types. The results could contribute to the development of methodologies for the determination of honey's botanical origin, based on simple techniques, so that these can be applied for routine analysis. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pulmonary resection for tissue harvest in adoptive tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte therapy: Safety and feasibility
Authors: Corsini Erin M. , Mitchell Kyle G. , Zhou Nicolas , Bernatchez Chantale , Forget Marie‐Andrée , Haymaker Cara L. , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Mehran Reza J. , Rajaram Ravi , Rice David C. , Roth Jack A. , Sepesi Boris , Swisher Stephen G. , Vaporciyan Ara A. , Walsh Garrett L. , Amaria Rodabe N. , Jazaeri Amir A. , Antonoff Mara B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAdoptive T‐cell therapies (ACTs) using expansion of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) populations are of great interest for advanced malignancies, with promising response rates in trial settings. However, postoperative outcomes following pulmonary TIL harvest have not been widely documented, and surgeons may be hesitant to operate in the setting of widespread disease.MethodsPatients who underwent pulmonary TIL harvest were identified, and postoperative outcomes were studied, including pulmonary, cardiovascular, infectious, and wound complications.Results83 patients met inclusion criteria. Pulmonary TIL harvest was undertaken primarily via a thoracoscopy with a median operative blood loss and duration of 30 ml and 65 min, respectively. The median length of stay was 2 days. Postoperative events were rare, occurring in only five (6%) patients, including two discharged with a chest tube, one discharged with oxygen, one episode of urinary retention, and one blood transfusion. No reoperations occurred. The median time from TIL harvest to ACT infusion was 37 days.ConclusionsPulmonary TIL harvest is safe and feasible, without major postoperative events in our cohort. All patients were able to receive intended ACT infusion without delays. Therefore, thoracic surgeons should actively participate in ongoing ACT trials and aggressively seek to enroll patients on these protocols.
Maternal Support and Attrition from Child Trauma‐Focused Therapy
Authors: Wamser‐Nanney Rachel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMany children prematurely terminate from trauma‐focused therapy (TFT), and attrition is a critical barrier in addressing the impacts of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). The field's knowledge of risk factors for dropout is growing; however, one aspect of the child's environment that remains unexamined is maternal support following the CSA disclosure/discovery. Maternal support has been theorized to play a valuable role in influencing children's outcomes after CSA and may be relevant in understanding attrition. The objective of the current study was to investigate the associations between children's symptoms, relationship to the perpetrator, and maternal support in relation to premature termination from TFT among 186 sexually abused children (Mage = 9.24 years, SD = 3.72, 67.3% female). Two operational definitions of attrition were used: (a) clinician‐rated dropout (i.e., clinician's ratings of whether the child completed treatment) and (b) whether the child received an adequate treatment dose treatment (i.e., ≥12 sessions). Maternal marital status was the only factor associated with clinician‐rated treatment dropout, OR = 2.35, whereas maternal support and blame/doubt were unrelated. Living farther from the clinic was tied to an increased risk of receiving an inadequate treatment dose, OR = 0.96. Replication of these findings is needed, particularly using a clinician‐administered measure of caregiver support; yet, maternal emotional support and blame/doubt may not evince strong ties to dropout from TFT among sexually abused children. Additional work is needed to discern if there are key subgroups for whom support is more strongly related to the risk of premature termination following CSA.
Survivorship and Spatial Patterns of an Urban Population of Texas Horned Lizards
Authors: Vesy Miranda N. , Watters Jessa L. , Moody Raymond W. , Schauber Eric M. , Mook Jennie M. , Siler Cameron D. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTHabitat fragmentation has negative consequences on threatened and endangered species by creating isolated populations. The Texas horned lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum) is experiencing population declines and localized extirpations throughout its range and has been classified as a species of greatest conservation need in Oklahoma, USA. Younger age classes have been poorly studied but may be vital to the stability of remaining populations. To address gaps in knowledge concerning subadult (hatchling and juvenile) morphometrics, survivorship, and home range sizes, we studied 2 cohorts of subadults, for 2 years each, covering their hatching and juvenile years (2016–2019). We used a combination of radio‐telemetry and novel harmonic radar methodology to study a closed population of Texas horned lizards in 15 ha of native grassland at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma. Population abundance for adults and juveniles was estimated as 56.5 ± 5.5 lizards and density as 7.96 lizards/ha. Our lowest estimates of survival indicated an average survival probability for the hatchling life stage of 0.285 (95% CI = 0.15–0.44), which is lower than for adults on the site. Average home range size increased from hatchling to adult life stages. Our results will have an immediate effect on the planning and assessment of ongoing headstart and management programs for Texas horned lizards. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Wildlife Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Selective Swelling and Functionalization of Integral Asymmetric Isoporous Block Copolymer Membranes
Authors: Rahman Md. Mushfequr 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSNIPS stands for a membrane fabrication technique that combines the evaporation induced self‐assembly of the block copolymers and the classical nonsolvent induced phase separation. It is a one‐step readily scalable technique to fabricate integral asymmetric isoporous membranes. The prominent developments in the last decade have carved out a niche for SNIPS as a potential technique to fabricate next generation isoporous membranes. In the last decade, a rich polymer library and variety of membrane postmodification routes have been successfully implemented to fabricate SNIPS membranes having the desired pore functionality. Some of these membranes form soft nanochannels in hydrated state due to swelling of the pore wall, i.e., the pore forming block of the block copolymer. These membranes having soft nanochannels have demonstrated the potential to perform several challenging separation tasks in ultrafiltration and nanofiltration. This paper highlights the currently accessible pore functionality, the strategies to tune the swelling of the soft nanochannels, the potential applications, and future perspectives of these membranes.
CHL1 deletion is associated with cognitive and language disabilities – Case report and review of literature
Authors: Tsuboyama Melissa , Iqbal Mohammed Anwar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a small, but growing number of reports of pediatric patients with terminal deletions at 3p26.3 involving only the cell adhesion molecule L1‐like (CHL1) gene that has been found to have language delays and intellectual disability. Here we report a one month of age patient who developed seizures and tone abnormalities, with persistent and prominent gross and fine motor delays. The patient has microcephaly and deficits in language and cognitive delays, similar to what has been seen in previous case reports.MethodsChromosome and microarray comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) analysis was performed to identify clinically significant copy number variants (CNVs). In addition, Fluorescent in‐situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to confirm the aCGH findings.ResultsChromosome analysis revealed an apparently normal (46,XX) female karyotype. Microarray CGH analysis revealed a 639 kb loss at 3p26.3 from 62199 to 701052 base pairs encompassing the whole CHL1 gene that was confirmed by FISH. Parental follow‐up revealed the deletion as maternal in origin.ConclusionThis case report adds to the limited body of literature that exists on this terminal deletion at 3p26.3 that involves CHL1 gene, and supports prior proposals of an emerging CHL1 microdeletion syndrome that results in language and cognitive delays. Further studies are needed to understand the degree of phenotypic heterogeneity associated with CHL1 gene deletion and whether the size of the deletion or presence of additional copy number variants (CNVs) which were seen in other case reports help predict the expected phenotype for a patient.
Autocalibrating segmented diffusion‐weighted acquisitions
Authors: Herbst Michael 
Published: May 2021

PurposeSegmented echo‐planar imaging enables high‐resolution diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI). However, phase differences between segments can lead to severe artifacts. This work investigates an algorithm to enable reconstruction of interleaved segmented acquisitions without the need of additional calibration or navigator measurements.MethodsA parallel imaging algorithm is presented that jointly reconstructs all segments of one DWI frame maintaining their phase information. Therefore, the algorithm allows for an iterative improvement of the phase estimates included in the joint reconstruction. Given a limited number of interleaves, the initial‐phase estimates can be calculated by a traditional parallel‐imaging reconstruction, using the unweighted scan of the DWI measurement as a reference.ResultsReconstruction of phantom data and g‐factor simulations show substantial improvement (up to 93% reduction in root mean square error) compared with a generalized auto‐calibrating partially parallel‐acquisition reconstruction. In vivo experiments show robust reconstruction outcomes in critical imaging situations, including small numbers of receiver channels or low signal‐to‐noise ratio.ConclusionAn algorithm for the robust reconstruction of segmented DWI data is presented. The method requires neither navigator nor calibration measurements; therefore, it can be applied to existing DWI data sets.
BOLD sensitivity and vessel size specificity along CPMG and GRASE echo trains
Authors: Scheffler Klaus , Engelmann Jörn , Heule Rahel 
Published: May 2021

PurposeTo assess the vessel size specificity and sensitivity of rapid CPMG and GRASE for functional BOLD imaging for different echo train lengths, echo spacings, field strength, and refocusing flip angle schemes. In addition, the behavior of signals acquired before and after the refocusing time points is analyzed.MethodsEvolution of magnetization within a network of artificial cylinders is simulated with Monte Carlo methods for all relevant coherence pathways. In addition, measurements on microspheres were performed to confirm some of the theoretical results.ResultsFor reduced refocusing flip angles, the peak of the vessel size sensitivity curve is shifting toward larger radii with increasing echo time. Furthermore, the BOLD‐related signal change along the echo train depends on the chosen refocusing flip angle scheme and in general does not follow corresponding echo amplitudes.ConclusionCPMG or GRASE can be used with low refocusing flip angles without significant loss of sensitivity to BOLD. The evolution of BOLD signal changes along the echo train can be used to design optimal k‐space reordering schemes. Signals acquired before or after the spin echo time point show contributions from larger vessels similar to gradient echo sequences. Short echo spacing (time between refocusing pulses) suppresses gradient echo‐related contributions from larger vessels, whereas the spin echo‐related contribution from small vessels remains constant and is independent of the echo spacing.