bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary microRNA biomarkers for detecting the presence of esophageal cancer
Authors: Okuda Yusuke , Shimura Takaya , Iwasaki Hiroyasu , Fukusada Shigeki , Nishigaki Ruriko , Kitagawa Mika , Katano Takahito , Okamoto Yasuyuki , Yamada Tamaki , Horike Shin-ichi , Kataoka Hiromi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEsophageal cancer (EC) including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma (EAC) generally exhibits poor prognosis; hence, a noninvasive biomarker enabling early detection is necessary. Age- and sex-matched 150 healthy controls (HCs) and 43 patients with ESCC were randomly divided into two groups: 9 individuals in the discovery cohort for microarray analysis and 184 individuals in the training/test cohort with cross-validation for qRT-PCR analysis. Using 152 urine samples (144 HCs and 8 EACs), we validated the urinary miRNA biomarkers for EAC diagnosis. Among eight miRNAs selected in the discovery cohort, urinary levels of five miRNAs (miR-1273f, miR-619-5p, miR-150-3p, miR-4327, and miR-3135b) were significantly higher in the ESCC group than in the HC group, in the training/test cohort. Consistently, these five urinary miRNAs were significantly different between HC and ESCC in both training and test sets. Especially, urinary miR-1273f and miR-619-5p showed excellent values of area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.80 for diagnosing stage I ESCC. Similarly, the EAC group had significantly higher urinary levels of these five miRNAs than the HC group, with AUC values of approximately 0.80. The present study established novel urinary miRNA biomarkers that can early detect ESCC and EAC.
Peripheral vasoreactivity in acute ischemic stroke with hemiplegia
Authors: Wang Su Jeong , Lee Chan-Hyuk , Kang Hyun Goo , Kim Ko Woon , Kim Minjoo , Jeong Hwan-Jeong , Shin Byoung-Soo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe association between vasomotor tone of the peripheral arteries and cerebral hemisphere function has not been established. This study analyzed the peripheral vasoreactivity of patients with acute ischemic stroke and hemiplegia using a modified Raynaud scan, which is a new technology for blood flow measurement. In this retrospective case–control study, we examined patients with unilateral weakness consistent with ischemic lesions who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and modified Raynaud scanning within five days from the onset of symptoms. The modified Raynaud scan was used to quantify the radioactivity of the bilateral fingertips during rest and cooling-heating thermal stress conditions and estimate vasoreactivity based on the change in the blood amount per time under rest-thermal stress. The subjects were classified into the preserved and impaired groups based on their degrees of vasomotor reaction. Based on the modified Raynaud scanning, 37 (mean age = 69.1 ± 10.6) and 32 (mean age = 62.6 ± 11.8) subjects were allocated to the preserved and impaired groups, respectively. Binary logistic regression showed that the affected limb edema (odds ratio (OR) 6.15; confidence interval (CI) 1.40–26.97;p = 0.016) and anterior circulation (OR 3.68; CI 1.01–13.48;p = 0.049) were associated with impaired vasoreactivity. The modified Raynaud scans confirmed that central lesions in the anterior circulation with hemiparesis may influence the vasoreactivity of edematous peripheral arteries. These results may inform treatment and rehabilitation for stroke patients with hemiparesis.
Machine learning prediction of blood alcohol concentration: a digital signature of smart-breathalyzer behavior
Authors: Aschbacher Kirstin , Hendershot Christian S. , Tison Geoffrey , Hahn Judith A. , Avram Robert , Olgin Jeffrey E. , Marcus Gregory M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractExcess alcohol use is an important determinant of death and disability. Machine learning (ML)-driven interventions leveraging smart-breathalyzer data may help reduce these harms. We developed a digital phenotype of long-term smart-breathalyzer behavior to predict individuals’ breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) levels trained on data from a smart breathalyzer. We analyzed roughly one million datapoints from 33,452 users of a commercial smart-breathalyzer device, collected between 2013 and 2017. For validation, we analyzed the associations between state-level observed smart-breathalyzer BrAC levels and impaired-driving motor vehicle death rates. Behavioral, geolocation-based, and time-series-derived features were fed to an ML algorithm using training (70% of the cohort), development (10% of the cohort), and test (20% of the cohort) sets to predict the likelihood of a BrAC exceeding the legal driving limit (0.08 g/dL). States with higher average BrAC levels had significantly higher alcohol-related driving death rates, adjusted for the number of users per state B (SE) = 91.38 (15.16), p < 0.01. In the independent test set, the ML algorithm predicted the likelihood of a given user-initiated BrAC sample exceeding BrAC ≥ 0.08 g/dL, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 85%. Highly predictive features included users’ prior BrAC trends, subjective estimation of their BrAC (or AUC = 82% without the self-estimate), engagement and self-monitoring, time since the last measure, and hour of the day. In conclusion, an ML algorithm successfully quantified a digital phenotype of behavior, predicting naturalistic BrAC levels exceeding 0.08 g/dL (a threshold associated with alcohol-related harm) with good discrimination capability. This result establishes a foundation for future research on precision behavioral medicine digital health interventions using smart breathalyzers and passive monitoring approaches.
Januskinase-Inhibitoren in der Kinderrheumatologie
Authors: Kühn Alexander , Horneff Gerd 
Published: April 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGMit der Entwicklung von Januskinase (JAK)-Inhibitoren, einer neuen Klasse von „targeted synthetic (ts) disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)“, wurden innovative therapeutische Perspektiven geschaffen. Im Gegensatz zu Biologika, die als Antikörper oder Fusionsprotein ein einzelnes Zytokin extrazellulär, einen Zytokinrezeptor oder ein Oberflächenmolekül auf der Zelle blockieren, wirken JAK-Inhibitoren intrazellulär und vor allem breiter. Durch Inhibition von Tyrosinkinasen (JAK 1–3, Tyk 2) können sie den Signalweg von >50 Zytokinen unterbinden. Die JAK-Inhibitoren erweitern damit die Behandlungsoptionen bei rheumatischen Erkrankungen. Studien zu rheumatischen Erkrankungen bei Erwachsenen und erste Daten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen weisen auf eine im Vergleich zu Biologika gleichwertige oder sogar bessere Effektivität hin. In aktuell laufenden und zukünftigen Studien wird sich herausstellen, welche „Jakinibs“ die beste Wirkung-Nebenwirkungs-Relation aufweisen.
Distinct Prognostic Factors in Sporadic and Multiple Endocrine
Neoplasia Type 1-Related Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Kfir Sapir Kon , Halperin Reut , Percik Ruth , Uri Inbal , Halpern Naama , Shlomai Gadi , Laish Ido , Tirosh Amir , Tirosh Amit 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) may develop sporadically or in the
context of hereditary syndromes. In patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia
type 1 (MEN1), PNET is the leading cause of death. Our aim was to compare the
mortality risk in sporadic and MEN1-related PNETs and identify high-risk
populations. A retrospective Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results
database analysis of patients with PNET was used. Patients with MEN1 were
defined by syn/metachronous pituitary adenoma. Clinical data were
retrieved, and all-cause mortality (ACM) risk was compared in univariate and
multivariable analyses. The cohort included 569 patients (46.6% males)
with sporadic (n=542) and MEN1-related (n=27) PNETs. Age at
diagnosis of MEN1-related PNET was significantly younger than with sporadic
PNETs (mean age 49.2±16.7 vs. 61.6±12.7 years, respectively; p
< 0.001). Survival analysis showed a trend for a better outcome
in patients with MEN1-related vs. sporadic PNET (Log-rank, p=0.09) and
in subgroup analysis for patients with advanced disease (p=0.08).
Furthermore, among patients followed expectantly, those with MEN1-related PNET
had lower ACM risk than their sporadic counterparts (p=0.08).
Multivariable analysis demonstrated lower ACM risk in patients diagnosed with
MEN1 (hazard ratio 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.11–1.2,
p=0.09), further supporting the trend detected in the univariate
analysis. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the distinct clinical profile of
patients with MEN1-related PNET compared to sporadic disease and emphasizes the
expertise required to accurately manage patients with PNET in this rare context.
The cautious decision-making required before embarking on surgical intervention
is further emphasized in this robust analysis of a large cancer database.
The Volatility Effect in China
Authors: Blitz David , Hanauer Matthias X. , van Vliet Pim 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper shows that low-risk stocks significantly outperform high-risk stocks in the local China A-share market. The main driver of this low-risk anomaly is volatility, and not beta. A Fama–French style VOL factor is not explained by the Fama–French–Carhart factors, and has the strongest stand-alone performance among all these factors. Our findings are robust across sectors and over time, and consistent with previous empirical evidence for the US and international markets. Moreover, the VOL premium exhibits excellent investability characteristics, as it involves a low turnover and remains strong when applied to only the largest and most liquid stocks. Our results imply that the volatility effect is a highly pervasive phenomenon, and that explanations should be able to account for its presence in highly institutionalized markets, such as the US, but also in the Chinese market where private investors dominate trading.
A compact and stable incidence-plane-rotating second harmonics detector
Authors: Kim S. H. , Jung S. , Seok B. , Kim Y. S. , Park H. , Otsu T. , Kobayashi Y. , Kim C. , Ishida Y. 
Published: April 2021

We describe a compact and stable setup for detecting the optical second harmonics, in which the incident plane rotates with respect to the sample. The setup is composed of rotating Fresnel rhomb optics and a femtosecond ytterbium-doped fiber laser source operating at the repetition frequency of 10 MHz. The setup including the laser source occupies an area of 1 m2 and is stable so that the intensity fluctuation of the laser harmonics can be less than 0.2% for 4 h. We present the isotropic harmonic signal of a gold mirror of 0.5 pW and demonstrate the integrity and sensitivity of the setup. We also show the polarization-dependent six-fold pattern of the harmonics of a few-layer WSe2, from which we infer the degree of local-field effects. Finally, we describe the extensibility of the setup to investigate the samples in various conditions such as cryogenic, strained, ultrafast non-equilibrium, and high magnetic fields.
The effect of information about climate risk on property values
Authors: Hino Miyuki , Burke Marshall 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Understanding whether markets efficiently price environmental risk is critical to policy design, particularly as key climate risks change rapidly. We conduct a nationwide analysis of the extent to which the US housing market prices information about flood risk contained in publicly available flood maps. Using data on millions of home sales, we find that information in these maps is not fully capitalized in property values. Lack of information appears to contribute to underpricing: More sophisticated commercial buyers and more risk-aware buyers respond more to floodplain information. This underpricing increases incentives to develop in hazardous places. Enhanced communication of flood risk could help ensure such risk is appropriately reflected in market outcomes.
Role of baits in reducing amount of insecticide usage in urban environment - mini review.
Authors: Partho Dhang Partho Dhang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The recent shift of human focus towards urban living has created opportunities for a few species of insects such as cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes, bed bugs, ticks, fleas, ants and termites to thrive. Consequent to this a need for insecticides has emerged, increasing chances of mass human exposure to insecticides. To counter this risk, usage of insecticide baits has recently become popular worldwide. Baits are target-specific and effective in killing insect pests directly through ingestion, but also through an indirect process termed 'transfer effect or secondary effect'. However, the most significant aspect of insect bait is the reduction of insecticide use within human vicinity, thus cutting down the chances of exposure to the unsuspecting population.
Structural and functional aspects, kinetic properties, specificity and diverse interactions of α-amylase inhibitors.
Authors: Rimaljeet Kaur Rimaljeet Kaur , Gupta A. K. , Narinder Kaur Narinder Kaur 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Alpha-amylase inhibitors (α-Als) belong to the family of defence proteins which impede the digestion through their action on digestive α-amylases. These inhibitors have natural roles in the control of endogenous α-amylase activity or in defence against pathogens and pests. Certain inhibitors have been reported to act as antinutritional factors. The α-Als have been classified into seven different protein structural families that show remarkable structural diversity, leading to different modes of inhibition and different specificity profiles against various α-amylases. Specificity of inhibition is an important issue as the introduced inhibitor in transgenics should not adversely affect its own α-amylases. The present review addresses the diverse group of α-Als, various modes of inhibition during different enzyme-inhibitor interactions, kinetic properties, specificity and homology among different α-Als with the focus on exploring the diversity in characteristics of various α-Als. In addition, potential of transgenics with α-Als has also been discussed for insect resistance and controlling infestation.
Generalized Additive Poisson Models for Quantifying Geological Factors Effect on The Earthquake Risk Mapping
Authors: Mukhti Tessy Octavia , Choiruddin Achmad , Purhadi  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cluster-type point process models are the popular model for modeling the arrangement of locations of earthquake occurrences. When a spatial trend is presence due to e.g. geological factors, the log-linear intensity of the point process is often considered to exploit inhomogeneity due to such factors. However, this could be a major drawback, especially in seismology when the relation between the intensity of earthquake occurrences and environmental covariates is not log-linear. In this paper, we consider the Cauchy cluster process with a log-additive intensity model to quantify two effects in modeling the distribution of locations of major earthquakes in Sulawesi-Maluku: (1) spatial trend due to geological covariates such as subduction zones, faults, and volcanoes and (2) clustering effect due to seismic activities. The Cauchy cluster process could detect the clustering effect even when the aftershocks are extremely distant to the mainshocks while log-additive intensity is a more flexible model to study inhomogeneity due to the environment. To estimate the parameters, we apply two-step estimation procedure, in the first step, we estimate the regression parameter corresponding to effects of the geological variables by maximum composite likelihood by involving penalized iteratively re-weighted least squares (PIRLS) technique, and in the second step, we obtain the cluster estimates by maximum second order composite likelihood. The results show that the active faults and volcanoes are significant covariates that trigger earthquakes, the estimated mainshock intensity is around 78, and the aftershocks are distributed around it with a distance of 15.2 km due to mainshock activity.
Examination of the dominant factor affecting the mixing in the microchannel
Authors: Kravtsova A Y , Ianko P E , Kashkarova M V , Bilsky A V , Kravtsov Y V 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The effect of the input flowrate ratio and the Reynolds numbers in range from 10 to 300 on the mixing of liquids in a T-type micromixer was examined. Linear trends of mixing efficiency change on the ratio of input flowrates and Reynolds number are approximated. The most effective mixing (the mixing coefficient reaches 0.86) was obtained at Reynolds numbers 186 and 300 and the input flowrate ratio R = 1. It is determined that with equal input flowrate ratio, as the Reynolds number increases from 10 to 300, the mixing efficiency rises sharply: from 0.2 to 0.8 (for 0.5 < R < 1). Variation of the ratio of input flowrates at low Reynolds numbers in the range from 10 to 120 can lead to a significant increase in the mixing of liquids (Re = 47, the growth mixing from 0.22 to 0.67). With Reynolds numbers 186 and 300, as the input flowrate ratio increases from 0.1 to 1, the mixing ratio rises from 0.25–0.30 to 0.85–0.90.
Methodology of investigation of binary liquids in the unstable states
Authors: Rutin S B , Igolnikov A A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This work is devoted to the development of a measurement methodology for a new object in the thermophysics of extreme states – a partially-soluble binary liquid, which is short-term transferred to the region of unstable states above the diffusional spinodal. On an example of PPG-425/water solution having the lower critical solution temperature, the key hypothesis of the study on the general measurability of the properties of unstable solutions has been confirmed. The heating rate was varied from 105 to 106 K/s, and the pressure was varied from units of MPa to 100 MPa. The superheat of the solution with respect to the diffusional spinodal was up to 150 degrees. The conditions for the transition from measurements on pure components to measurements on the solution are formulated. The characteristic thermal patterns of the decay of unstable states depending on pressure and heating rate are revealed. The possibility of using this binary solution as a promising coolant in processes with powerful local heat release is assumed.
Heat transfer from the heated by an electric current vertical rod in the regime of non-stationary natural convection
Authors: Mitin K A , Mitina A V , Berdnikov V S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The heat transfer from a vertical silicon rod heated by passing an electric current, placed in a cylindrical container filled with gas, with isothermal cold side walls, in the regime of non-stationary conjugate natural convection heat exchange, is studied numerically by the finite element method in a three-dimensional formulation of the problem. On the surface of the rod, a control point is selected, at which a constant temperature is maintained by changing the voltage of the electric current. The equations of thermogravitational convection are solved in the Boussinesq approximation in the terms of temperature, vortex, and vector field potential. The spatial form of convective flows is investigated. Temperature fields in a gas and in a solid are investigated. The calculations were performed with the Prandtl number equal to 0.67 and the Rayleigh number range from 104 to 5•105.
Processing of products with pulsed laser radiation
Authors: Khayrullina L R , Smorodin F K 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article is devoted to experimental studies of pulsed cutting of B93 aluminum alloy of holes, grooves in combustion chambers and the inlet fairing of a gas turbine engine, which were carried out with the change of the following parameters: laser power, cutting speed, frequency and duration of pulses, deepening of the focal spot into the material. The dependences of the cutting speed, laser radiation power on the cutting width and surface roughness were obtained, the results show an increase in the quality of cutting with the use of compressed air and an increase in the quality of processing.
Application of Langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy for bromofluorocarbon plasma diagnostics
Authors: Kuzmenko V , Miakonkikh A , Rudenko K 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy were applied for diagnostics of C2F4Br2 low-pressure inductively coupled plasma. Electron temperature, plasma potential and concentrations of electrons, and positive ions, as well as fluorine and bromine radicals, were determined. An explanation of the results of experiments on the etching of low-k dielectrics in the studied plasma was proposed.
Diagram of the plasma torch discharge chamber
Authors: Akhatov M.F. , Kayumov R. R. , Mardanov R. R. , Saifutdinova I. I , Khazeev K. I. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The results of experimental studies of the effect of an electric discharge on carbon fiber in the discharge voltage range U = 0.2 - 1300 V and at a current I = 0.03 - 1.8 A, at atmospheric pressure are presented. Some features of the combustion of an electric discharge with liquid electrodes are revealed. Some features of the effect of an electric discharge on carbon fiber have been established.
Dynamic Measurement Device of Aeroengine Pressure Probe
Authors: Li B , Zhang H Y , Yang J , Zhang Z J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the dynamic performance evaluating abilities of the pressure probe of the aeroengine, by loading sine pressure with variable static pressure and temperature and measuring the dynamic pressure process, the pressure probe is calibrated. The dynamic pressure device based on the electroacoustic transducer can produce (20∼1000) Hz sinusoidal pressure within 1 MPa static pressure environment, and the sinusoidal pressure amplitude can reach 10 kPa. The temperature system is established by the convection heating mode to provide (20∼400) °C temperature environment for the pressure probe. The dynamic measurement device of pressure probe with controllable static pressure and temperature is established. The performance of the device is tested, and the test results are stable and reliable. The device is used for dynamic measurement of traditional pressure sensor and pressure probe. The device can simulate the work environment of the tested object and could be widely used in dynamic characteristics tests and evaluation of the pressure probe and other pressure system with transmission pipe.
Development of an Intelligent Office Chair by Combining Vibrotactile and Visual Feedbacks
Authors: Liu J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The intelligent office chair has become increasingly popular with the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless communication technology, sensing technology, and intelligent control technology. A smart office chair can monitor sitting behavior and trigger an alert message to the user, aiming to correct his posture and improve the sitting behavior. Visual and vibrotactile feedback are two techniques widely adopted to provide feedback. Studies indicated that vibrotactile feedback is a more effective way to attract the user’s attention. However, vibrotactile feedback can’t instruct users to adjust their sitting behavior. Meanwhile, the visual feedback can be easily ignored but provides explicit instructions on adjusting sitting behavior. This paper proposed to develop an intelligent office chair prototype integrating ergonomic office chair, sensors, microcontroller, vibration actuators, and mobile App. This chair aims to provide both vibrotactile and visual feedback to monitor the user ’s posture and improve their sitting behavior.