bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of psychosocial support provided by midwives and family on preventing postpartum depression among first‐time adolescent mothers at 3‐month follow‐up: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sangsawang Bussara , Deoisres Wannee , Hengudomsub Pornpat , Sangsawang Nucharee 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of a midwife‐family provided social support programme (MFPSS programme) for first‐time adolescent mothers on preventing postpartum depression (PPD) at 3‐month postpartum.BackgroundAdolescent mothers with lack of social support are a high‐risk group for increasing the development of PPD. Interventions designed to promote social support and provided to mothers following childbirth have a more effective role in preventing PPD.DesignThe Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines for a single‐blinded randomised controlled trial were conducted.MethodsForty‐two adolescent mothers were randomly assigned to 4‐week MFPSS programme plus routine care (n = 21) and routine care only (n = 21). PPD was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), rates and severity at baseline, post‐test, 6‐week and 3‐month postpartum follow‐ups. Repeated measures ANOVA and Cohen's d were used to analyse the data.ResultsAt the last follow‐up, 20 (95.24%) participants remained in each group. Data were analysed based on 40 adolescent mothers. After the intervention, the mean EPDS scores in the intervention group were significantly lower than the same scores in the control group at post‐test, 6‐week and 3‐month postpartum follow‐ups. Similarly, the rates and severity of PPD in the intervention group were also lower than the control group at post‐test, 6‐week and 3‐month postpartum follow‐ups.ConclusionPsychosocial support interventions designed to incorporate support from midwives and family members is an effective intervention for preventing PPD in first‐time adolescent mothers and the preventive effect is sustained for up to 3‐month postpartum.Relevance to clinical practiceMidwives or nurses could apply the MFPSS programme to nursing care for adolescent mothers and family members by adding health information about PPD and promoting social support.Clinical trial registrationThe trial was registered with Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR). The trial registration number is TCTR 20190206004.
Strategic Venturing as Legitimacy Creation: The Case of Sustainability
Authors: Reihlen Markus , Schlapfner Jan‐Florian , Seeger Monika , Trittin‐Ulbrich Hannah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLegitimacy is crucial for the survival and growth of strategic ventures inside larger corporations. Yet, despite much progress, research on the strategic venturing‐legitimacy nexus, that is, how internal strategic initiatives gain legitimacy and become part of the corporate strategy, remains underexplored. Drawing on the analysis of a longitudinal case study of the development of a sustainability initiative within a major diversified firm, we identified three core mechanisms of legitimation – seeding, energizing and prospering – that turned the concept of sustainability from an internally widely shared moral obligation into a business case. Our study contributes three distinct mechanisms that facilitate the legitimation and the integration of a strategic initiative within the corporate strategy. Moreover, we show how the sequence of legitimation mechanisms matters and highlight the inherently sequenced nature of strategic venture legitimation.
Alteration of brain resting‐state networks and functional connectivity in prelingual deafness
Authors: Kumar Uttam , Keshri Amit , Mishra Mrutyunjaya 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and PurposeEarly hearing loss causes several changes in the brain structure and function at multiple levels; these changes can be observed through neuroimaging. These changes are directly associated with sensory loss (hearing) and the acquisition of alternative communication strategies. Such plasticity changes in the brain might establish a different connectivity pattern with resting‐state networks (RSNs) and other brain regions. We performed resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) to evaluate these intrinsic modifications.MethodsWe used two methods to characterize the functional connectivity (FC) of RSN components in 20 prelingual deaf adults and 20 demographic‐matched hearing adults. rsfMRI data were analyzed using independent component analysis (ICA) and region‐of‐interest seed‐to‐voxel correlation analysis.ResultsIn ICA, we identified altered FC of RSNs in the deaf group. RSNs with altered FC were observed in higher visual, auditory, default mode, salience, and sensorimotor networks. The findings of seed‐to‐voxel correlation analysis suggested increased temporal coherence with other neural networks in the deaf group compared with the hearing control group.ConclusionThese findings suggest a highly diverse resting‐state connectivity pattern in prelingual deaf adults resulting from compensatory cross‐modal plasticity that includes both auditory and nonauditory regions.
Gender matters: The effects of gender and segmentation preferences on work‐to‐family conflict in family sacrifice climates
Authors: Nsair Viva , Piszczek Matthew 
Published: July 2021

Despite work–family research focusing on family‐friendly climates, many employees work under a family sacrifice climate, facing employer pressure to put the demands of work before the demands of family and leading to increased work‐to‐family conflict. A family sacrifice climate enforces consistent behavioural expectations across all employees in the form of family domain boundaries being permeable to work and work domain boundaries being impermeable to family. However, employees likely experience family sacrifice climates differently. Drawing on the boundary theory and social role theory, we investigate how individual differences in gender and boundary management preferences interact to shape the relationship between perceived family sacrifice climate at work and work‐to‐family conflict in a two‐wave sample of 157 professional employees. Results show women experience more work‐to‐family conflict from perceived family sacrifice climate than men, and segmentation preferences further shape this relationship but in opposite ways for men and women. Results indicate higher segmentation preferences are associated with a stronger relationship between family sacrifice climate and work‐to‐family conflict for women but a weaker relationship for men. We discuss implications of these findings for understanding the role of organizational climate in creating gendered work–family experiences.Practitioner points

Some employees are more susceptible to undesirable effects of family sacrifice climate than others.

Women compared to men are more likely to experience increased work‐to‐family conflict when they perceive their workplaces to have a family sacrifice climate.

In family sacrifice workplace climates, women who prefer to segment work from family demands experience the greatest amount of work‐to‐family conflict while men who also prefer to segment work from family demands experience the lowest amount of work‐to‐family conflict.
How much should we fund the IRS?
Authors: Jung Hanjoon M. , Liang Meng‐Yu , Yang C.C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTax enforcement not only detects tax evasion (the direct effect) but also enforces voluntary compliance (the indirect effect). This paper explores implications of the indirect effect for the optimal size of the budget allocated to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). The conventional wisdom prescribes that the size of the budget allocated to the IRS should always fall short of the level where an additional dollar allocated would return just an additional dollar of revenue. In a model where taxpayers are subject to a small amount of incomplete information, we show that after taking into consideration the indirect effect of tax enforcement, it is possible that the optimal prescription is opposite to the conventional wisdom.
Needs of Direct Support Professionals to Support People With Intellectual Disabilities in Leading a Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Overwijk Annelies , Hilgenkamp Thessa I. M. , van der Schans Cees P. , van der Putten Annette A. J. , Waninge Aly 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundFor a healthy lifestyle, people with moderate, severe, and profound intellectual disabilities living in residential facilities and/or participating in day activity centers are dependent on their direct support professionals. However, it is unclear what knowledge and skills these direct support professionals require to support these individuals in living a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the needs of direct support professionals for supporting these people with moderate to profound intellectual disabilities to achieve and maintain a healthy lifestyle.MethodDirect support professionals (n = 28) were interviewed with the use of a semi‐structured protocol based on the theoretical domains framework. The interviews were analyzed with a theory‐driven content analysis.ResultsThe most frequently mentioned needs referred to the following domains of the theoretical domains framework: environmental context and resources (n = 27), social/professional role and identity (n = 25), social influence (n = 25), skills (n = 24), and knowledge (n = 23).ConclusionTo support people with moderate to profound intellectual disabilities in leading a healthy lifestyle, direct support professionals (DSPs) primarily needed support related to the domain environmental context and resources. Within this domain available time, dealing with different seasons, and a healthy lifestyle policy in the organization need attention. Development of interventions targeting these DSPs needs is required.
Hyperglycemia modulates M1/M2 macrophage polarization via reactive oxygen species overproduction in ligature‐induced periodontitis
Authors: Zhang Bo , Yang Yang , Yi Jianru , Zhao Zhihe , Ye Rui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivePeriodontitis in diabetic patients is characterized by enhanced inflammation and aggravated tissue damage in comparison with that in non‐diabetic counterparts. The progression of periodontal damage under diabetic condition can be partly ascribed to hyperglycemia‐induced disturbance between immune activation and inflammation resolution, where macrophages are capable of participating given their plasticity in response to different stimuli. Herein, we aimed to investigate the changes of macrophage polarization in periodontitis under diabetic condition and the underlying mechanism.Materials and MethodsType‐1 diabetes was induced by the injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg) in Sprague‐Dawley rats. Rats in N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC)‐treated groups received NAC dissolved in drinking water (200 mg/kg/day). Experimental periodontitis was induced by ligating 3–0 silk around left maxillary second molars for 4 weeks. Alveolar bone destruction was tested by micro‐computed tomography and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. M1/M2 macrophage polarization in periodontal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. RAW264.7 were cultured in normal glucose (5.5 mM) or high glucose environment (25 mM) with or without NAC (8 mmol/L). LPS (100 ng/ml) and IL‐4 (20 ng/ml) were used to induce M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages, respectively. M1/M2 macrophage polarization was detected by qRT‐PCR, immunofluorescent staining, and flow cytometry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was detected by fluorogenic probes. RANKL (100 ng/ml) were applied to induce osteoclastogenic differentiation of RAW264.7, and osteoclast formation was examined by TRAP staining.ResultsRats with diabetes displayed enhanced macrophages infiltration and M1 macrophage polarization in periodontal lesions compared with vehicle‐treated rats. Under LPS or IL‐4 stimulation, high glucose culture of RAW264.7 elevated ROS level and increased the expression of M1 macrophage markers (iNOS, TNF‐α, and IL‐6) whereas decreased the expression of M2 macrophage markers (Arg‐1 and CD206). Supernatants of high glucose‐treated M1/M2 macrophages enhanced osteoclast formation compared to normal glucose‐cultured cells. Decreasing ROS level via NAC partially reversed the effect of high glucose on M1/M2 macrophage polarization. Meanwhile, daily intake of NAC in rodent models inhibited M1 macrophage polarization, which subsequently ameliorated alveolar bone loss and decreased osteoclast numbers in periodontitis in diabetic rats.ConclusionThese findings demonstrated that hyperglycemia could polarize macrophage toward M1 macrophages via overproducing ROS under inflammatory condition, which might take responsibility for aggravated periodontal damage in periodontitis under diabetic condition. Inhibiting M1 macrophages and restoring M2 macrophages by ROS scavenger is hopefully a potential adjunct treatment strategy for diabetic periodontitis.
Exclusive right of communication of works to the public in the legal system of the European Union
Authors: Czarny‐Drożdżejko Elżbieta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe subject of my paper is the analysis of the exclusive right of communication to the public—from the point of view of the CJEU jurisprudence. Therefore, I touch upon problems related to the most significant elements of public communication abstracted from the judgments of the CJEU. In my considerations, I analyse such issues as the concept of “the act of communication to the public,” the so‐called “new public,” issues of a profit‐making nature of communication to the public, the mental aspect of public communication and, finally, the question of the hyperlink. My study is critical and is not only intended to present the position of the CJEU. It aims to demonstrate that legislative changes are necessary in the EU directives on copyright and related rights. Otherwise, the CJEU itself will become such a legislator, which may eventually even destabilize the copyright system. CJEU judgments are only random decisions in specific cases, and not comprehensive solutions necessary to introduce new regulations.
When carnivores collide: a review of studies exploring the competitive interactions between bobcatsLynx rufusand coyotesCanis latrans
Authors: Dyck Marissa A. , Wyza Eileen , Popescu Viorel D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBobcatsLynx rufusand coyotesCanis latransare two widespread mesopredators with a complex history of sympatry. The competitive interactions between these species are of interest to biologists due to the furbearer status of bobcats, the recent range expansion of coyotes, and the recolonisation of several parts of North America by bobcats following their extirpation. Although studies exploring the dynamics and competition between bobcats and coyotes span decades, there is a lack of understanding regarding what factors influence exploitative or interference competition, and what methodologies are conducive to identifying these types of competition.We gathered a comprehensive list of research papers (n = 41) exploring bobcat–coyote competitive interactions in North America. From them, we collected the following: study site characteristics, number and types of research methods, number and types of metrics explored, history of sympatry of the two species at the study location, presence of apex predators, and documentation of interference and/or exploitative competition.Using generalised linear models, we determined that interference competition between bobcats and coyotes was observed primarily in open habitat. However, habitat heterogeneity, the number of research methods and metrics used, presence of an apex predator, and history of sympatry could not be used to predict the occurrence of interference competition. Studies that included diet overlap were less likely to observe interference competition than studies that used other metrics to infer competition.Competitive interactions between coyotes and bobcats are largely a function of prey availability. Our findings suggest that habitat type may be a surrogate for prey availability, which many researchers mention, but do not explicitly measure. Future studies investigating bobcat–coyote interactions should include the quantification of prey densities to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the system at large, and should avoid using solely diet or habitat overlap as metrics to assess competition.
Iodine status of pregnant women living in urban Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Siro Sicelosethu S. , Zandberg Lizelle , Ngounda Jennifer , Wise Amy , Symington Elizabeth A. , Malan Linda , Smuts Cornelius M. , Baumgartner Jeannine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAdequate intake of iodine is important during pregnancy because of its essential role in foetal growth and neurodevelopment. Data on iodine status of South African pregnant women are scarce, and the salt reduction policy implemented in 2016 may decrease iodine intake of South Africans. This cross‐sectional study assessed the iodine status of pregnant women residing in urban Johannesburg, South Africa. A total of 250 pregnant women were enrolled into the ‘Nutrition during Pregnancy and Early Development’ (NuPED) study and 312 pregnant women into the ‘Assessment of dried blood spot thyroglobulin in pregnant women to redefine the range of median urinary iodine concentration that indicates adequate iodine intake, South Africa’ (STRIPE‐SA) study and were included in this analysis. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was analysed in a spot urine sample. Thyroglobulin (Tg) was measured in serum, and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) and total thyroxine (tT4) were measured in dried blood spots. The median [interquartile range (IQR)] UIC of pregnant women was 144 (84–234) μg/L. Women in the first (n = 99), second (n = 262) and third (n = 174) trimester had a median UIC of 133 (81–316), 145 (84–236) and 156 (89–245) μg/L, respectively (p = 0.419). Median TSH, tT4 and Tg were 2.7 (2.3–3.2) mU/L, 202 (163–236) nmol/L and 9.2 (5.4–17.9) μg/L, respectively. Based on the median UIC, pregnant women residing in urban Johannesburg may be borderline iodine deficient. These findings highlight the need for ongoing monitoring of iodine status among vulnerable pregnant women, especially considering the recently introduced salt reduction policy in South Africa.
The long‐standing significance of genetic diversity in conservation
Authors: DeWoody J. Andrew , Harder Avril M. , Mathur Samarth , Willoughby Janna R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSince allozymes were first used to assess genetic diversity in the 1960s and 1970s, biologists have attempted to characterize gene pools and conserve the diversity observed in domestic crops, livestock, zoos and (more recently) natural populations. Recently, some authors have claimed that the importance of genetic diversity in conservation biology has been greatly overstated. Here, we argue that a voluminous literature indicates otherwise. We address four main points made by detractors of genetic diversity's role in conservation by using published literature to firmly establish that genetic diversity is intimately tied to evolutionary fitness, and that the associated demographic consequences are of paramount importance to many conservation efforts. We think that responsible management in the Anthropocene should, whenever possible, include the conservation of ecosystems, communities, populations and individuals, and their underlying genetic diversity.
Prevalence and polymorphism of a mussel transmissible cancer in Europe
Authors: Hammel Maurine , Simon Alexis , Arbiol Christine , Villalba Antonio , Burioli Erika A. V. , Pépin Jean‐François , Lamy Jean‐Baptiste , Benabdelmouna Abdellah , Bernard Ismael , Houssin Maryline , Charrière Guillaume M. , Destoumieux‐Garzon Delphine , Welch John J. , Metzger Michael J. , Bierne Nicolas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTransmissible cancers are parasitic malignant cell lineages that have acquired the ability to infect new hosts from the same species, or sometimes related species. First described in dogs and Tasmanian devils, transmissible cancers were later discovered in some marine bivalves affected by a leukaemia‐like disease. In Mytilus mussels, two lineages of bivalve transmissible neoplasia (BTN) have been described to date (MtrBTN1 and MtrBTN2), both of which emerged in a Mytilus trossulus founder individual. Here, we performed extensive screening of genetic chimerism, a hallmark of transmissible cancer, by genotyping 106 single nucleotide polymorphisms of 5,907 European Mytilus mussels. Genetic analysis allowed us to simultaneously obtain the genotype of hosts – Mytilus edulis, M. galloprovincialis or hybrids – and the genotype of tumours of heavily infected individuals. In addition, a subset of 222 individuals were systematically genotyped and analysed by histology to screen for possible nontransmissible cancers. We detected MtrBTN2 at low prevalence in M. edulis, and also in M. galloprovincialis and hybrids although at a much lower prevalence. No MtrBTN1 or new BTN were found, but eight individuals with nontransmissible neoplasia were observed at a single polluted site on the same sampling date. We observed a diversity of MtrBTN2 genotypes that appeared more introgressed or more ancestral than MtrBTN1 and reference healthy M. trossulus individuals. The observed polymorphism is probably due to somatic null alleles caused by structural variations or point mutations in primer‐binding sites leading to enhanced detection of the host alleles. Despite low prevalence, two sublineages divergent by 10% fixed somatic null alleles and one nonsynonymous mtCOI (mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I) substitution are cospreading in the same geographical area, suggesting a complex diversification of MtrBTN2 since its emergence and host species shift.