bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Luxembourg and Ireland in global financial networks: Analysing the changing structure of European investment funds
Authors: Wójcik Dariusz , Urban Michael , Dörry Sabine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUsing a unique database on investment funds and the conceptual framework of global financial networks, this paper examines the spatial structure of the European investment fund industry, with particular focus on Luxembourg and Ireland. Grounded in financial and economic geography, the paper shows how these countries became the leading investment fund domiciles through a mixture of structural factors and agency enabling a fast and flexible implementation of the European Directive on the Undertakings for the Collective Investment in Transferable Securities (UCITS) of 1985, and the cultivation of the investment fund industry ever since. In the process, Luxembourg and Ireland have built on and developed their functions as offshore jurisdictions and international financial centres, both sustained by their governments and regulatory agencies. The analysis of the functional structure of investment funds and their networked geography reveals the increasingly dominant position of London as the investment management centre for the industry, and the increasing concentration of control by large asset management firms. Stripped to its basics, the geography of European investment fund networks is about large, mainly US, asset management firms, creating and managing funds in Luxembourg and Ireland, and investing money through London. As such, the rise of European investment funds can be seen as an example of European financial integration through Americanisation. The Luxembourg and Irish investment fund industry are connected mainly through London and New York, and thus function as satellites of the NY–LON axis, rather than a Luxembourg–Dublin axis in international finance. Overall, the paper demonstrates that studying this seemingly arcane industry, and the role of two small countries in it, reveals much about the nature of financial globalisation.
Single-Leg Drop Jump Biomechanics After Ankle or Knee Joint Cooling in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Park Jihong , Song Kyeongtak , Lee Sae Yong 
Published: December 2021

Context: It is unclear if lower-extremity joint cooling alters biomechanics during a functional movement. Objective: To investigate the effects of unilateral lower-extremity cryotherapy on movement alterations during a single-leg drop jump. Design: A crossover design. Setting: Laboratory. Patients: Twenty healthy subjects (10 males and 10 females; 23 y, 169 cm, 66 kg). Intervention(s): Subjects completed a single-leg drop jump before and after a 20-minute ankle or knee joint cooling on the right leg, or control (seated without cooling) on 3 separate days. Main Outcome Measures: Time to peak knee flexion, vertical ground reaction force, lower-extremity joint angular velocity (sagittal plane only), and angle and moment (sagittal and frontal planes) in the involved leg over the entire ground contact (GC; from initial contact to jump-off) during the first landing. Time to peak knee flexion was compared using an analysis of variance; the rest of the outcome measures were analyzed using functional analyses of variance (P < .05). Results: Neither joint cooling condition changed the time to peak knee flexion (F2,95 = 0.73, P = .49). Ankle joint cooling reduced vertical ground reaction force (55 N at 4% of GC), knee joint angular velocity (44°/s during 5%–9% of GC), and knee varus moment (181 N·m during 18%–20% of GC). Knee joint cooling resulted in a reduction in knee joint angular velocity (24°/s during 37%–40% of GC) and hip adduction moment (151 N·m during 46%–48% of GC), and an increase in hip joint angular velocity (16°/s during 49%–53% of GC) and plantarflexion angle (1.5° during 11%–29% of GC). Conclusion: Resuming activity immediately after lower-extremity joint cooling does not seem to predispose an individual to injury during landing because altered mechanics are neither overlapping with the injury time period nor of sufficient magnitude to lead to an injury.
Z lepton flavour violation as a probe for new physics at future $$e^+e^-$$ colliders
Authors: Calibbi Lorenzo , Marcano Xabier , Roy Joydeep 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this work we assess the potential of discovering new physics by searching for lepton-flavour-violating (LFV) decays of the Z boson, $$Z\rightarrow \ell _i \ell _j$$

Z
→

ℓ
i

ℓ
j

, at the proposed circular $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

colliders CEPC and FCC-ee. Both projects plan to run at the Z-pole as a “Tera Z factory”, i.e., collecting $${\mathcal {O}}\left( 10^{12} \right) $$

O

10
12

Z decays. In order to discuss the discovery potential in a model-independent way, we revisit the LFV Z decays in the context of the Standard Model effective field theory and study the indirect constraints from LFV $$\mu $$
μ
and $$\tau $$
τ
decays on the operators that can induce $$Z\rightarrow \ell _i \ell _j$$

Z
→

ℓ
i

ℓ
j

. We find that, while the $$Z\rightarrow \mu e$$

Z
→
μ
e

rates are beyond the expected sensitivities, a Tera Z factory is promising for $$Z\rightarrow \tau \ell $$

Z
→
τ
ℓ

decays, probing New Physics at the same level of future low-energy LFV observables.
Study of cosmogenic activation in copper for rare event search experiments
Authors: She Ze , Zeng Zhi , Ma Hao , Yue Qian , Jing Mingkun , Cheng Jianping , Li Junli , Zhang Hui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRare event search experiments using germanium detectors are performed in underground laboratories to minimize the background induced by cosmic rays. However, the cosmogenic activation of cupreous detector components on the ground generates long half-life radioisotopes and contributes to the background level. We measured cosmogenic activation with 142.50 kg of copper bricks after 504 days of exposure at an altitude of 2469.4 m outside the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL). The specific activities of the cosmogenic nuclides produced in the copper bricks were measured using a low-background germanium gamma-ray spectrometer at CJPL. The production rates at sea level, in units of nuclei/kg/day, were$${18.6 \pm 2.0}$$18.6±2.0for$${^{54}}$$54Mn,$${9.9 \pm 1.3}$$9.9±1.3for$${^{56}}$$56Co,$${48.3 \pm 5.5}$$48.3±5.5for$${^{57}}$$57Co,$${51.8 \pm 2.5}$$51.8±2.5for$${^{58}}$$58Co, and$${39.7 \pm 5.7}$$39.7±5.7for$${^{60}}$$60Co. The measurement will help to constrain cosmogenic background estimation for rare event searches using copper as a detector structure and shielding material. Based on the measured production rates, the impact of the cosmogenic background in cupreous components of germanium detectors on the next generation CDEX-100 experiment was assessed with the expected exposure history above ground.
Were recently reported MHz events planet mass primordial black hole mergers?
Authors: Domènech Guillem 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA bulk acoustic wave cavity as high frequency gravitational wave antenna has recently detected two rare events at 5.5MHz. Assuming that the detected events are due to gravitational waves, their characteristic strain amplitude lies at about $$h_c\approx 2.5 \times 10^{-16}$$

h
c

≈
2.5
×

10

-
16

. While a cosmological signal is out of the picture due to the large energy carried by the high frequency waves, the signal could be due to the merging of two planet mass primordial black holes ($$\approx 4\times 10^{-4} M_\odot $$

≈
4
×

10

-
4

M
⊙

) inside the Oort cloud at roughly 0.025 pc (5300 AU) away. In this short note, we show that the probability of one such event to occur within this volume per year is around $$1:10^{24}$$

1
:

10
24

, if such Saturn-like mass primordial black holes are $$1\%$$

1
%

of the dark matter. Thus, the detected signal is very unlikely to be due the merger of planet mass primordial black holes. Nevertheless, the stochastic background of saturn mass primordial black holes binaries might be seen by next generation gravitational wave detectors, such as DECIGO and BBO.
Time-covariant Schrödinger equation and invariant decay probability: the $$\Lambda $$-Kantowski–Sachs universe
Authors: Pailas Theodoros , Dimakis Nikolaos , Terzis Petros A. , Christodoulakis Theodosios 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe system under study is the $$\Lambda $$
Λ
-Kantowski–Sachs universe. Its canonical quantization is provided based on a recently developed method: the singular minisuperspace Lagrangian describing the system, is reduced to a regular (by inserting into the dynamical equations the lapse dictated by the quadratic constraint) possessing an explicit (though arbitrary) time dependence; thus a time-covariant Schrödinger equation arises. Additionally, an invariant (under transformations $$t=f({\tilde{t}})$$

t
=
f
(

t
~

)

) decay probability is defined and thus “observers” which correspond to different gauge choices obtain, by default, the same results. The time of decay for a Gaussian wave packet localized around the point $$a=0$$

a
=
0

(where a the radial scale factor) is calculated to be of the order $$\sim 10^{-42}{-}10^{-41}~\text {s}$$

∼

10

-
42

-

10

-
41

s

. The acquired value is near the end of the Planck era (when comparing to a FLRW universe), during which the quantum effects are most prominent. Some of the results are compared to those obtained by following the well known canonical quantization of cosmological systems, i.e. the solutions of the Wheeler–DeWitt equation.
Cutting rules on a cylinder: a simplified diagrammatic approach to quantum kinetic theory
Authors: Blažek Tomáš , Maták Peter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNonequilibrium quantum field theory is often used to derive an approximation for the evolution of number densities and asymmetries in astroparticle models when a more precise treatment of quantum thermal effects is required. This work presents an alternative framework using the zero-temperature quantum field theory, S-matrix unitarity, and classical Boltzmann equation as starting points leading to a set of rules for calculations of thermal corrections to reaction rates. Statistical factors due to on-shell intermediate states are obtained from the cuts of forward diagrams with multiple spectator lines. It turns out that it is equivalent to cutting closed diagrams on a cylindrical surface.
Coronas for properly combable spaces
Authors: Engel Alexander , Wulff Christopher 
Published: November 2021

This paper is a systematic approach to the construction of coronas (i.e. Higson dominated boundaries at infinity) of combable spaces. We introduce three additional properties for combings: properness, coherence and expandingness. Properness is the condition under which our construction of the corona works. Under the assumption of coherence and expandingness, attaching our corona to a Rips complex construction yields a contractible [Formula: see text]-compact space in which the corona sits as a [Formula: see text]-set. This results in bijectivity of transgression maps, injectivity of the coarse assembly map and surjectivity of the coarse co-assembly map. For groups we get an estimate on the cohomological dimension of the corona in terms of the asymptotic dimension. Furthermore, if the group admits a finite model for its classifying space [Formula: see text], then our constructions yield a [Formula: see text]-structure for the group.
Modeling and Simulation of Magnons Scattering Across Shear Spins in Multilayered Ferromagnetic Slabs
Authors: Ferrah Leila , Bourahla Boualem , Blizak Salah 
Published: November 2021

In this work, we introduce a computer model and theoretical approach based on the matching technique to investigate the spin precession and the magnetic properties of an ordered magnetic interface joining two ferromagnetic multilayers of type AB, made of 10 spin slabs, obtained by alternative two spin layers A and B. We simulate, particularly, the coherent magnon transmission through spins’ interface, in multilayered thin films, obtained by shearing a part of the film from the other at an angle of 30∘. The individual and total transmittance of bulk magnons of the thin film, scattering coherently at the shearing interface zone and the localized magnonic spin states, are calculated and analyzed. The transmission and reflection spin modes are derived as elements of a Landauer–Büttiker type scattering matrix. The results highlight the localized spin states on the interface shear domain and their interactions with incident magnons. The evolutions of the magnonic spectra can be presented for arbitrary directions of the incident magnons on the boundary zone, for all accessible frequencies in the propagating bands as well as for the magnetic exchange coupling between each spin A(B) and its adjacent sites and their spin intensity. The results demonstrate the dependence of the magnonic spectra for the perfect multilayered films and at the inhomogeneous domain of the interface shear. The analysis of the spectra illustrates the fluctuations, related to Fano resonances, due to the coupling between travelling magnons and the localized modes in the shear interface domain. The calculated spectra could yield useful information concerning the magnetic parameters of such interface slabs in multilayered films.
Analysis of 190 Female Patients after Appendectomy
Authors: Alotaibi Abdulrahman M. , Moshref Leena H. , Moshref Rana H. , Felemban Lina S. 
Published: November 2021

This study is a retrospective cohort review carried out at a single, private tertiary center. We included 190 female patients who underwent surgery for acute appendicitis between January 2016 and December 2018. Two groups of patients were analyzed based on the pregnancy. The main outcome measures were complication rate and risk of abortion during or after surgery. Out of 190 female patients, eight of them were pregnant (4.2%). The pregnant group more significantly underwent ultrasound investigation compared to the nonpregnant group. Complicated appendicitis present in two pregnant patients at advanced gestational age was not statistically significant from nonpregnant. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed in 6/8 (75%) of pregnant compared to 158/182 (87%) in nonpregnant (

p

= 0.415). Compared to the nonpregnant, the pregnant group has a more fecolith, positive peritoneal fluid culture, and wound infection, with E. coli more frequently isolated in 25%. None of the pregnant patients had an abortion, preterm labor, or mortality during or after surgery. In conclusion, laparoscopic appendectomy is a low-risk operation for pregnant with acute appendicitis.
Next-Generation Sequencing of Minimal Residual Disease for Predicting Relapse after Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Pulsipher Michael A. , Han Xia , Maude Shannon L. , Laetsch Theodore W. , Qayed Muna , Rives Susana , Boyer Michael W. , Hiramatsu Hidefumi , Yanik Gregory A. , Driscoll Tim , Myers G. Doug , Bader Peter , Baruchel Andre , Buechner Jochen , Stefanski Heather E. , Kalfoglou Creton , Nguyen Kevin , Waldron Edward R. , Thudium Mueller Karen , Maier Harald J. , Kari Gabor , Grupp Stephan A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

We assessed minimal residual disease (MRD) detection and B-cell aplasia after tisagenlecleucel therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to define biomarkers predictive of relapse (N = 143). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) MRD detection &gt;0 in bone marrow (BM) was highly associated with relapse. B-cell recovery [signifying loss of functional chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells] within the first year of treatment was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) for relapse of 4.5 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.03–9.97; P &lt; 0.001]. Multivariate analysis at day 28 showed independent associations of BMNGS-MRD &gt;0 (HR = 4.87; 95% CI, 2.18–10.8; P &lt; 0.001) and B-cell recovery (HR = 3.33; 95% CI, 1.44–7.69; P = 0.005) with relapse. By 3 months, the BMNGS-MRD HR increased to 12 (95% CI, 2.87–50; P &lt; 0.001), whereas B-cell recovery was not independently predictive (HR = 1.27; 95% CI, 0.33–4.79; P = 0.7). Relapses occurring with persistence of B-cell aplasia were largely CD19− (23/25: 88%). Detectable BMNGS-MRD reliably predicts risk with sufficient time to consider approaches to relapse prevention such as hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) or second CAR-T cell infusion.

Significance:
Detectable disease by BMNGS-MRD with or without B-cell aplasia is highly predictive of relapse after tisagenlecleucel therapy for ALL. Clonotypic rearrangements used to follow NGS-MRD did not change after loss of CD19 or lineage switch. High-risk patients identified by these biomarkers may benefit from HCT or investigational cell therapies.
See related commentary by Ghorashian and Bartram, p. 2.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1
Towards a Normative Assessment of Probative Value in International Criminal Adjudication
Authors: Richmond Karen McGregor 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The trial is an epistemic event. Yet, the manner in which the probative value of legal evidence is calculated remains largely unarticulated. Thus, in the face of an urgent requirement to advance a normative model of evidential reasoning which serves the needs of decision-makers, practitioners, and experts, this article assesses the utility of three dominant approaches, founded upon the exposition of inferences, scenarios, and probabilities. These find expression in Wigmorean, Narrative, and Bayesian network models, and a number of hybrid approaches. Through an analysis and critique of the foregoing models, the article attempts to discern the optimal normative model of evidential reasoning to be applied in international criminal trials, consonant with Twining’s formulation of rational adjudication, and assessed in accordance with a set of rational evaluation criteria drawn from New Evidence scholarship and its historical forbears.
La visite pieuse aux tombeaux des saints
Authors: Hille Marie-Paule 
Published: November 2021

Résumé
La visite pieuse aux tombeaux des saints est une pratique largement répandue dans le nord-ouest de la Chine. Élément constitutif de la sainteté, la ziyāra sera abordée ici à travers une ethnographie menée au sein du Xidaotang, un mouvement soufi chinois minoritaire apparu tardivement à la fin du XIXe siècle. La présente étude se fonde sur un corpus constitué d’une hagiographie, d’une chronique interne, d’observations effectuées près des tombeaux et de discussions avec les dévots. Les textes de type hagiographique mettent en exergue le rôle de la visite pieuse aux tombeaux dans un récit édifiant qui sert à la fois à légitimer le développement de ce nouveau mouvement religieux et à le fondre dans un modèle de sainteté hérité du passé. Les chroniques, quant à elles, mettent en lumière plusieurs contextes de visite pieuse aux tombeaux : fêtes religieuses, fêtes commémoratives, cas de maladie, visites de politesse ainsi que différentes formes de recueillement (collective ou individuelle, avec ou sans invitation de membres extérieurs à la communauté). Aujourd’hui, le culte rendu aux saints défunts concentre une pluralité d’activités pieuses qui sont autant de façon d’exprimer sa religiosité : honorer la mémoire des défunts en leur adressant des prières de paix, rappeler aux hommes leur condition d’hommes mortels soumis à la miséricorde, demander l’intercession des saints pour l’exaucement de vœux ou pour se repentir de ses pêchés, accéder à une étape spirituelle sur la voie de la purification par un déplacement du cœur vers l’espace intime de la tombe.
La ziyāra chez les premiers ascètes et dévots d’après la Ḥilyat al-awliyāʾ d’Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī : entre itinéraire pèlerin et initiation au dhikr al-mawt
Authors: Masotta Kabira 
Published: November 2021

Résumé
Dans la Ḥilyat al-awliyāʾ, la visite pieuse (ziyāra) n’est pas mentionnée selon une approche dichotomique laquelle distinguerait la pratique savante de la pratique populaire. Cette représentation dans le soufisme est bien plus tardive. Au contraire, la tradition hagiographique du xe siècle à laquelle se réfère Abū Nuʿaym inscrit véritablement cette pratique dans la voie du taṣawwuf en accord avec les premières générations des pieux prédécesseurs. Dans l’hagiographie, la visite pieuse ne reste pas associée à la seule visite de la tombe du Prophète ou à celle d’un grand shaykh soufi. La ziyāra est indissociablement et davantage liée à la voie du zuhd. Le principe même de pèlerinage ou d’itinéraire spirituel qu’elle sous-tend prend fondamentalement sa source dans le renoncement : le serviteur marche vers la tombe car il est appelé à abandonner ce monde en vue de l’autre monde. La visée de la visite pieuse est bien l’expérience spirituelle du serviteur ; l’expérience initiatique qui le place de facto dans l’au-delà, à l’issue de laquelle l’herméneutique de la Révélation divine peut avoir lieu. Selon les périodes et les profils ascétiques, la visite pieuse prend ainsi forme dans la tradition abūnuʿaymienne entre visite des cimetières, itinéraire mystique, quête initiatrice et filiation spirituelle.
Perception, Preference, and Prices in Josef Albers’ Square Series
Authors: Charlin Ventura , Cifuentes Arturo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Josef Albers’ Homage to the Square series comprises a vast ensemble of compositions based on similar arrays of nested squares. The main difference among these paintings is the colors employed. Therefore, they constitute an almost natural experiment to explore color preferences. We focus on the relationship between the prices paid in public auctions for these paintings and their color attributes over a fourteen-year period. We describe the attributes of the color palette using several color-related metrics aimed at capturing dominant colors, color diversity and contrast, color harmony, and color emotions. We find that color-related metrics explain a great deal of the price variation in Albers’ Squares series. Intriguingly, dominant colors and emotions are the key variables, while color harmony, contrast and diversity play no role at all. We also find that the market favors lighter tones and bluer hues. Additionally, the analyses reveal that Albers, judged by the prices commanded by his paintings, was a quintessential experimentalist ‒ as opposed to a conceptual artist. That is, an artist who kept improving as he gained more experience playing with the same concept over and over. It is worth noting that using market prices to study color preferences or judge aesthetic merits can provide different insights regarding color preferences and color perception, given the fact that most color preference studies are carried out in experimental or artificial settings, where the subjects do not have any direct interests at stake.