bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Instruments Used to Assess Health Literacy and Pharmacotherapy Literacy of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Levic Marija , Bogavac-Stanojevic Natasa , Krajnovic Dusanka 
Published: September 2021

Background: Patients with chronic diseases, like diabetes need to continuously perform tasks associated with self-management especially with medications they use. It is shown that the patients with diabetes with limited HL and PTHL cannot read medication labels correctly, may misuse their medications, spend much more on therapy and generally have difficulties in understanding printed care instructions and perceiving health advice and warnings. There has been an increasing demand for valid and reliable instruments for HL and PTHL assessment in this population. This review aims to search and critically discuss instruments used to assess HL and PTHL in people with type 2 diabetes and propose their use in different settings.Methods: Authors conducted a comprehensive, electronic search of original studies using a structured approach of the Scopus and PubMed databases, during November and the first 2 weeks of December 2020 to find relevant papers. The review was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane guidelines and the reporting was based on the PRISMA-ScR. The comparison of instruments was made by utilizing a comparison model related to their structure, measurement scope, range, psychometric properties, validation, strengths, and limitations.Results: The final number of included studies was 24, extracting the following identified instruments: Korean Functional Test HL, NVS, FCCHL, HLS-EU-47, TOFLHA, S-TOFHLA, REALM-R, 3-brief SQ, REALM, HLQ and DNT-15. In all, FCCHL and 3-brief SQ are shown with the broadest measurement scopes. They are quick, easy, and inexpensive for administration. FCCHL can be considered the most useful and comprehensive instrument to screen for inadequate HL. The limitation is that the English version is not validated. Three-brief SQ has many advantages in comparison to other instruments, including that it is less likely to cause anxiety and shame. These instruments can be considered the best for measuring functional HL in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and other chronic diseases. PTHL instruments (REALM and DNT-15) did not find the best application in this population.Conclusions: The future research should be directed in validation of the FCCHL in English and establishing of the structural validity of this questionnaire. Developing a specific PTHL questionnaire for this population will be of great help in management of their disease.
Proposal for Integrated Management of Verticillium Wilt Disease in Avocado Cultivar Hass Crops
Authors: Ramírez-Gil Joaquín Guillermo , Morales-Osorio Juan Gonzalo 
Published: September 2021

The area planted with avocado crops in Colombia has been growing rapidly in recent years, especially for export varieties such as Hass. The increase in planted area coincided with increased phytosanitary problems, where pathogens such as fungi of the genus Verticillium spp. are becoming of economic importance. The objective of this study was to evaluate different control strategies for avocado wilt disease caused by Verticillium spp., under in vitro, net house, and field conditions. Strategies tested included fungicides (benomyl, azoxystrobin, captan, and carbendazim), beneficial and antagonistic microorganisms (Trichoderma sp., and Rhizoglomus fasciculatum), and physical and cultural practices such as solarization, drainage and removal of diseased tissues. Treatments T7fi (pruning-solarization-Trichoderma-mycorrhiza-sucrose-organic matter-drainage) and T8fi (fungicide-pruning-solarization-Trichoderma-mycorrhiza-sucrose-organic matter-drainage), showed the greatest reduction in the area under disease progress curve and Verticillium dahliae inoculum in soil and plant tissues under field conditions. Fruit with extra quality increased 120.8% with T7fi and 108% with T8fi, compared to the control with diseased trees. The highest costs were identified for T7fi and T8fi; however, these treatments also showed the best cost/benefit relationship. Integrated approaches as in T7fi and T8fi showed the best results for Verticillium wilt control. As no fungicides of chemical synthesis are included in T7fi (pruning-solarisation-Trichoderma-mycorrhiza-sucrose-organic matter-drainage), it should be preferred to T8fi, which does include them, to avoid their negative impacts on avocado production.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF TISSUE BIO-STIMULANT MADE FROM VELVET ANTLER DEER BY-PRODUCTS ON COW REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES
Authors: ПУШКАРЕВ И.А. 
Published: September 2021

Исследования проводились в Алтайском крае на коровах Приобского типа черно-пестрой породы. Было сформировано 4 группы коров 3 лактации, аналогов по живой массе (500 кг), в период сухостоя, по 10 голов в каждой. Молочная продуктивность по последней контрольной дойке перед запуском составляла в среднем 22,5 л. Тканевый биостимулятор вводили с интервалом 14 дней, четырехкратно в период сухостоя и четырехкратно в период раздоя. В I опытной группе доза тканевого биостимулятора составляла 15 мл/гол., во II — 22,5 мл/гол., в III — 30 мл/гол. Опытную партию тканевого биостимулятора изготовили из субпродуктов и боенских отходов пантовых оленей. Наиболее оптимальной дозой применения тканевого биостимулятора следует считать 22,5 мл/гол, она способствовала сокращению времени прихода коров в первую половую охоту после отела на 3,9%, повышению результативности осеменения до 30,0%, уменьшению сервис-периода на 17,5% (P≤0,05) и индекса осеменения на 32,0%.
The studies were conducted in in the herd of Black-Pied cows of the Priobskiy type. Four groups of 10 dry cows at the age of the 3rd lactation and comparable in live weight (500 kg) were formed. The milk yield at to the last control milking before drying-off averaged 22.5 liters. The tissue bio-stimulant was administered two weeks apart, four times during the dry period and four times during the first 100 days of lactation. The tissue bio-stimulant was administered in the following doses: in the 1st trial group — 15 mL per head; 2nd trial group — 22.5 mL per head; 3rd trial group - 30 mL per head. The trial batch of the tissue bio-stimulant was made from velvet antler deer by-products and slaughterhouse offal. The tissue bio-stimulant dose of 22.5 mL per head should be considered the most optimal one; it shortened time of coming in the first heat after calving by 3.9%, increased insemination effectiveness to 30.0%, shortened the service period by 17.5% (P≤0.05) and decreased the insemination index by 32.0%.
Validating a Computable Phenotype for Nephrotic Syndrome in Children and Adults Using PCORnet Data
Authors: Oliverio Andrea L. , Marchel Dorota , Troost Jonathan P. , Ayoub Isabelle , Almaani Salem , Greco Jessica , Tran Cheryl L. , Denburg Michelle R. , Matheny Michael , Dorn Chad , Massengill Susan F. , Desmond Hailey , Gipson Debbie S. , Mariani Laura H. 
Published: September 2021

Key Points

A computable phenotype combines routinely collected data elements from the EHR with logic elements to identify a condition of interest.This validated computable phenotype has strong classification characteristics to identify individuals with primary nephrotic syndrome.This computable phenotype for primary nephrotic syndrome can facilitate future research of these rare diseases.

Background
Primary nephrotic syndromes are rare diseases which can impede adequate sample size for observational patient-oriented research and clinical trial enrollment. A computable phenotype may be powerful in identifying patients with these diseases for research across multiple institutions.

Methods
A comprehensive algorithm of inclusion and exclusion ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes to identify patients with primary nephrotic syndrome was developed. The algorithm was executed against the PCORnet CDM at three institutions from January 1, 2009 to January 1, 2018, where a random selection of 50 cases and 50 noncases (individuals not meeting case criteria seen within the same calendar year and within 5 years of age of a case) were reviewed by a nephrologist, for a total of 150 cases and 150 noncases reviewed. The classification accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, F1 score) of the computable phenotype was determined.

Results
The algorithm identified a total of 2708 patients with nephrotic syndrome from 4,305,092 distinct patients in the CDM at all sites from 2009 to 2018. For all sites, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of the algorithm were 99% (95% CI, 97% to 99%), 79% (95% CI, 74% to 85%), and 0.9 (0.84 to 0.97), respectively. The most common causes of false positive classification were secondary FSGS (nine out of 39) and lupus nephritis (nine out of 39).

Conclusion
This computable phenotype had good classification in identifying both children and adults with primary nephrotic syndrome utilizing only ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes, which are available across institutions in the United States. This may facilitate future screening and enrollment for research studies and enable comparative effectiveness research. Further refinements to the algorithm including use of laboratory data or addition of natural language processing may help better distinguish primary and secondary causes of nephrotic syndrome.
Studi kasus mengenai konsumsi pangan reaktif, food neophobia dan perilaku anak autistik di SD Inklusi Salsabila Purwakarta
Authors: Ula Mira Tsamrotul , Ammar Muhammad Ikhsan , Imrar Iin Fatmawati 
Published: September 2021

Latar Belakang: Di samping hambatan perkembangan, beban hidup anak autistik bertambah berat dengan gangguan metabolisme pencernaan. Upaya penekanan beban sistem biologis akan membantu meringankan beban anak dalam waktu yang relatif lebih cepat. Oleh sebab itu, diet yang sehat (khususnya menghindari pangan reaktif) merupakan prinsip utama pada anak autistik untuk memperbaiki kondisi food neophobia dan perilaku anak autistik. Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola konsumsi pangan reaktif, food neophobia dan perilaku anak autistik. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan di SD Inklusi Salsabila Purwakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kombinasi concurrent embedded dengan metode primer berupa metode kualitatif dan metode sekunder berupa metode kuantitatif. Untuk memeroleh data kualitatif, dilakukan wawancara mendalam kepada lima orang tua dan enam guru dari anak autistik dan dokumentasi serta observasi aktivitas keseharian lima anak autistik selama kurun waktu 18 hari. Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ) digunakan untuk memeroleh data kuantitatif kebiasaan makan. Hasil: Setiap pangan reaktif yang dikonsumsi berpengaruh terhadap gejala perilaku autistik. Semakin banyak dan sering jenis pangan reaktif yang dikonsumsi diduga berpengaruh terhadap durasi dan kemunculan tantrum juga gejala food neophobia. Kesimpulan: Pangan yang reaktif terhadap satu anak belum tentu reaktif terhadap anak autistik lainnya. Pengecekan data pangan reaktif dalam tubuh anak autistik berguna untuk mengukur ketepatan dalam penentuan diet yang sehat melalui upaya eliminasi maupun substitusi secara bertahap.
Analisis Produktivitas Styrofoam Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Menggunakan Metode Cobb Douglas Di PT KCS
Authors: Candra Galih Candra Firmansyah 
Published: September 2021

PT KCS merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang memproduksi Styrofoam di Indonesia. Dimasa pandemi Covid-19 saat ini penting bagi sebuah perusahaan untuk melakukan penilitian produktivitas hasil produksi sehingga dapat menekan input perusahaan berupa biaya bahan baku dan jumlah tenaga kerja yang digunakan serta output yang dihasilkan. Penggunaan metode Cobb Douglas dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indeks produktivitas produk yang telah dihasilkan dengan membandingkan indeks produktivitas sebelum pandemi covid-19 di tahun 2018. Selain itu dengan adanya perbandingan indeks produktivitas ditahun sebelumnya diharapkan dapat mengidentifikasi perkembangan hasil produksi styrofoam di lingkup perusahaan serta dapat mengevaluasi faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kenaikan hasil produk styrofoam perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menggunakan SPSS diketahui bahwa tingkat produktivitas di masa pandemi covid-19 meningkat, dimana penambahan input total tenaga kerja dan bahan baku, masing – masing sebesar 1% dapat meningkatkan output sebesar 0,37 % ditahun pada tahun 2020. Adapun pengaruh indeks input terhadap output hasil produktivitas dimasa pandemi covid-19 lebih baik dengan nilai 62,10% daripada tahun 2018 dengan nilai 84,80%, sehingga input jumlah tenaga kerja dan biaya bahan baku dimasa pandemi covid-19 dapat ditekan karena berpengaruh kecil terhadap produktivitas hasil styrofoam dibandingkan tahun 2018 (sebelum pandemi covid-19). Hal ini tentunya dapat memberikan keuntungan bagi perusahaan styrofoam dalam memproduksi produknya dimasa pandemi covid-19.
Quizizz & Kahoot 测试平台对线上汉语教学的适用调查研究 ---以世界大学华文教育系学生为例 QUIZIZZ & KAHOOT & TEST PLATFORM FOR ONLINE CHINESE TEACHING APPLICABLE RESEARCH TAKE THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION，LANGUAGE AND CULTURE OF UNIVERSAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AS AN EXAMPLE
Authors: Seraya Zhuang 
Published: September 2021

摘要从2020年四月份开始，印尼全国开始受到新冠疫情的影响各大高校也都开始策划线上课程以替代传统的教学模式，所以教育部门也绞尽脑汁开展“停课不停学”的计划。Quizizz & Kahoot 线上测试平台是一种线上学习平台，具有游戏、讨论，测验、和调查功能。本研究将检查 Quizizz & Kahoot 线上测试平台作为学生学习汉语成果以世界大学华文教育系为列。研究人员将根据世界大学华文教育系在继学生运用Quizizz & Kahoot 线上测试平台的成果，并将这些测试平台运用在汉语课程的学习活动中。本研究的主要目的是使用Quizizz & Kahoot 线上测试平台在教学的调查研究。通过Quizizz & Kahoot 线上测试平台上使用观察、问卷调查和测验评估技术收集数据。研究结果表明，Quizizz & Kahoot 线上测试平台可以帮助教师了解学生的学习成果，除了通过测试平台上的自动评估获取评估结果以外，还可以了解这些线上测试平台适合哪一种类型的课程。关键词：Quizizz & Kahoot平台、汉语学习成果ABSTRACTStarting from April 2020, Indonesia has been affected by the covid-19 epidemic, colleges and universities have also begun to plan online courses as an alternative model. Therefore, the education department has tried the best to carry out the plan of "no suspension of classes". Quizizz & Kahoot online test platform is an online learning platform with games, discussions, quizzes, and survey functions. This study will examine the Quizizz & Kahoot online test platform as a student's achievement in Chinese language learning take the Faculty of Education, Language and Culture of Universal University. Researchers will use the Quizizz & Kahoot online test platform based on the Faculty of Education, Language and Culture of Universal University in the use of the Quizizz & Kahoot online test platform, and use this test platform in the learning activities of the Chinese language course. The main purpose of this research is to use the Quizizz & Kahoot online testing platform as an evaluation of the benefits of the learning outcomes of the students in the Faculty of Education, Language and Culture of Universal University. Collect data through the use of observation, questionnaire survey, and test evaluation techniques on the Quizizz & Kahoot online test platform. The research results show that the Quizizz & Kahoot online test platform can help teachers getting know students' learning outcomes. In addition to obtaining the evaluation results through the automatic evaluation on the test platform, you can also understand which type of courses these online test platforms are suitable for.Keywords: Quizizz & Kahoot platform,Chinese Learning Result
Evaluation of Respiratory Functions with Spirometry in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia
Authors: Karaaslan Tahsin , Karaaslan Esra , Uysal Omer , Gunduz Mehmet 
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study aims to evaluate respiratory functions in patients Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) with and without pneumonia.
Material and Methods: This single-center, prospective study included a total of 72 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection as confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR). The patients were divided into two groups according to the physical and thoracic computed tomography (CT) findings as mild symptomatic patients without COVID-19 pneumonia (n=26) and symptomatic cases with COVID-19 pneumonia (n=46). Respiratory functions were evaluated by spirometry in the second and fourth months of the disease onset.
Results: The average age of 72 patients, 41 of whom were men, was 40.5±12.27 years. Thoracic CT revealed infiltrations compatible with COVID-19 pneumonia in 46 (63.9%) patients. Hypertension (12.5%) and diabetes (5.6%) were the most common comorbidities. When the results of the patients with and without pneumonia at the second and fourth months were compared, there was no significant difference between the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (p1=0,975, p2=0,291), forced vital capacity (FVC) (p1=0,668,p2=0,481) and FEV1/FVC ratio (FER) (p1=0,378, p2=0,980) values. When the repeated anova test was used in the comparison of the two visit differences between the groups, it was seen that there was no difference in any heading (FVC: p=0.077; FEV1: p=0.150; FER: p=0.355).
Conclusions: Our study results show no significant difference in the pulmonary function tests of patients with mild and moderate COVID-19 pneumonia at two and four months, compared to those without pneumonia However, additional studies are needed for severe and critical cases.
Awake Prone Positioning in Sars-CoV-2 (Covid-19) Non-Intubated Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure in Adult Population: A Literature Review.
Authors: Hasan Naved 
Published: September 2021

Objective: This article aims to review the current evidence in Covid-19 patients with acute respiratory failure who required awake prone positioning as a therapeutic intervention.
I searched the literature on MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and other databases. I found several studies that analyzed and shared the data regarding awake prone positioning in the Covid-19 patients, with duration ranging from 12-16 hours.
I found that the major criteria used included PaO2/FiO2 ratio, SpO2/FiO2, respiratory rate, heart rate. I also searched the suggested indications, contra-indications, complications, and outcomes of those patients.
Awake proning showed improvement in lung mechanics and oxygenation, but no benefit in outcome in the majority of studies.
Currently, the data is unclear to determine the overall benefit. Further controlled trials are needed.
Potensi Limbah Sisik Ikan Sebagai Kitosan dalam Pembuatan Bioplastik
Authors: Ramadhani Ajeng Ayu , Firdhausi Nirmala Fitria 
Published: September 2021

<p><strong>Bioplastics are environmentally friendly plastics derived from natural materials. Bioplastics are easier to decompose when compared to commercial plastics. Bioplastics are generally made from starch contained in plants. But the use of starch as a base material has the disadvantage of producing bioplastics that are not waterproof. Therefore, it is necessary to add chitosan to improve bioplastic characteristics. Chitosan usually comes from the shell of crustacean animals, but it turns out that in fish scales waste, also contains chitosan. Fish scales are a by-product of the process of fish processing. Fish scales are only discarded and not utilized so that they become waste that can pollute the environment. Fish scales have a chitin content that can process into chitosan, which can be useful as an additional ingredient in the manufacture of bioplastics. This review aims to find out the potential of fish scales waste as chitosan in the manufacture of bioplastics. Based on the results of previous research, fish scales have a chitosan content that can use as an additional ingredient in the manufacture of bioplastics. Fish scale chitosan can form bioplastic film with characteristic brownish-yellow film. The addition of fish scale chitosan is also able to improve the water resistance of bioplastic film. Based on the results of the review can be concluded bring fish scales to have the potential as chitosan that can use in the manufacture of bioplastic.</strong></p><p><strong>Keywords –</strong> <em>Bioplastic, Chitosan, Fish Scales.</em></p><p> </p>
ANALISIS PENERAPAN PEMBAYARAN ROYALTI HAK CIPTA LAGU PADA USAHA HIBURAN KARAOKE (Studi Kasus Orange Family Karaoke)
Authors: Permata Suci , Rusli Tami , Safitri Melisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Karaoke places are in great demand from various circles. All karaoke places have the same goal, which is to provide entertainment for the family or take a moment to unwind from the daily routine. Karaoke places always serve songs with various choices from all the creations of Indonesian singers. But of course the songs that are served have been licensed first. Regarding this license, basically it must be agreed by both parties without coercion. Copyright protection, especially for music or song creations, is a serious problem. This situation shows that there is still a need for stricter legal protection regarding the protection of royalties on a song or music copyrighted work and the protection of the rights contained therein. The purpose of the study was to determine the implementation of copyright royalty payments on songs between the creator and karaoke entertainment business actors and the inhibiting factors for the payment of copyright royalties on songs between the creator and performer in karaoke entertainment at Orange Family Karaoke. The method used in this research is empirical juridical. The data that has been systematically arranged were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the distribution of royalties is managed by the Collective Management Institute (LMK). The institution is authorized by the creator to exercise the economic rights of the creator. The barrier to royalty payments is due to the lack of socialization and understanding of royalty payments and the high cost of royalty payments.
Keywords: Royalty, Copyright, Karaoke
Pendampingan Pembelajaran Keterampilan Secara Daring di Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyatul Iman Malang
Authors: Hery Soegiharto Achmad Fauzan , Sudarman  
Published: September 2021

Pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bermitra dengan Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyatul Iman (PPTI), Malang. Pondok mengalami kesulitan penyelenggaraan pembelajaran praktek memasak, pada kondisi pandemi. Pengajar tidak diperkenankan bertemu tatap muka langsung di kelas. Sedangkan pelajaran praktek membutuhkan pengamatan, pembimbingan secara langsung pada saat pelaksanaan. Tujuan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah mendapatkan solusi pembelajaran keterampilan memasak yang terkendala akibat pandemi covid-19. Metodenya adalah pengajar (pengajar) mengajar secara daring, sedang santri berada di kelas praktek bersama. Video tutorial memasak, yang dibuat pengajar di share lebih dulu kepada santri 3 hari sebelum pelajaran. Pengajar mengajar secara online, di ruang guru, menggunakan laptop, dan peralatan bantu extended monitor, microphone smartphone, sound power. Di ruang kelas praktek disediakan laptop untuk komunikasi dengan pengajar, dan juga dilengkapi IP camera yang terhubung dengan laptop/ smartphone pengajar. IP camera dapat dikendalikan menghadapnya sehingga seakan akan pengajar ada di kelas. Masakan yang dicobakan salah satunya adalah makanan yang disukai pada umumnya remaja, dalam hal ini dipilih mie Jepang. Bumbu dan topping semaksimalnya disesuaikan dengan resep aslinya, yang didapatkan di pasar lokal. Masakan dipresentasikan/ disajikan dalam wadah ala restoran. Evaluasi hasil memasak melibatkan pengajar/ ustad lain. Santri dapat mengikuti kegiatan ini dengan baik, mengikuti dengan gembira, dipandu dengan baik, aktifitas santri terpantau dengan baik, dan hasil masak yang memuaskan. Pengajar dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran kelas secara daring-luring, lebih terampil menguasai berbagai peralatan, lebih mudah dalam memantau kelas, dan mudah dalam mengevaluasi. Kegiatan ini berhasil dilaksanakan dengan baik dan dapat dijadikan raw model pembelajaran praktek secara daring-luring. Aman mengikuti protokol pencegahan covid 19.