bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A GEOGRAFIA E AS TEMÁTICAS FÍSICO-NATURAIS NO ENSINO
Authors: Costa Edjander Araújo da , Amaral Elaine Gomes do 
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão das temáticas físico-naturais como conteúdo de ensino da Geografia Escolar, buscando destacar a dimensão integradora da disciplina e a superação de uma visão tradicional que ainda existe na Geografia, objetivando analisar a relação dessas duas visões. A metodologia consistiu na revisão bibliográfica e análise de questionários, a fim de compreender a percepção de discentes quanto à temática central. A proposta planejada no contexto de disciplinas de ensino da Geografia, por docentes que vivenciam o exercício de relacionarem teoria à prática e a busca por estratégias didáticas metodológicas inovadoras, constatou a importância da postura e ações pedagógicas frente ao tratamento das temáticas físico-naturais, evidenciando as suas relações com o cotidiano, como cerne para o fortalecimento da Geografia Escolar, que vai da ausência de reflexão a respeito do contexto político-epistemológico a uma versão mais atualizada do cotidiano.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO INCLUSIVO EM CONHECIMENTOS SISTEMATIZADOS, POLÍTICOS, PESQUISAS E CONDUTAS NO GERIR DA GESTÃO E COORDENAÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Silva Sonia Alves dos Santos 
Published: September 2021

O trabalho desenvolvido e apresentado a seguir nos leva em uma análise de políticas centradas no processo organizacional de uma gestão escolar. Um estudo baseado em referencias bibliográfico que apresenta concepções de teóricos como (LIBÂNEO, 2004; LUCK 199; CHAVIAVENATO 2000; TEIXEIRA E PORTO 1999. A análise teórica tem como objetivo a organização do espaço escolar o qual está inserido em aspectos políticos e sociais de forma democrática no processo de organização escolar e com ênfase na melhoria e qualidade de ensino com a interação da gestão e coordenação escolar em seus papéis mostrando a atuação destes profissionais através de competências desenvolvidas em suas praticas cotidianas em potencial de conhecimento individual e de equipe com embasamento sistematizado de forma cientifica e participativa no processo educacional e o reflexo na formação do educando que passa pelo ambiente escolar no decorrer da vivência escolar em desenvolvimento sistematizado para a formação humana que direciona a vida de forma inclusiva e ética.
Measurement report: Vertical distribution of biogenic and anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols in the urban boundary layer over Beijing during late summer
Authors: Ren Hong , Hu Wei , Wei Lianfang , Yue Siyao , Zhao Jian , Li Linjie , Wu Libin , Zhao Wanyu , Ren Lujie , Kang Mingjie , Xie Qiaorong , Su Sihui , Pan Xiaole , Wang Zifa , Sun Yele , Kawamura Kimitaka , Fu Pingqing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) plays a significant role in atmospheric
chemistry. However, little is known about the vertical profiles of SOA in the
urban boundary layer (UBL). This knowledge gap constrains the SOA simulation
in chemical transport models. Here, the aerosol samples were synchronously
collected at 8, 120, and 260 m based on a 325 m meteorological
tower in Beijing from 15 August to 10 September 2015. Strict emission controls
were implemented during this period for the 2015 China Victory Day
parade. Here, we observed that the total concentration of biogenic SOA tracers
increased with height. The fraction of SOA from isoprene oxidation increased
with height, whereas the fractions of SOA from monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes
decreased, and 2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acid (DHOPA), a tracer of
anthropogenic SOA from toluene oxidation, also increased with height. The
complicated vertical profiles of SOA tracers highlighted the need to
characterize SOA within the UBL. The mass concentration of estimated secondary
organic carbon (SOC) ranged from 341 to 673 ng C m−3. The
increase in the estimated SOC fractions from isoprene and toluene with height
was found to be more related to regional transport, whereas the decrease in the
estimated SOC from monoterpenes and sesquiterpene with height was more subject
to local emissions. Emission controls during the parade reduced SOC by
4 %–35 %, with toluene SOC decreasing more than the other SOC. This
study demonstrates that vertical distributions of SOA within the UBL are
complex, and the vertical profiles of SOA concentrations and sources should be
considered in field and modeling studies in the future.
Extreme floods of Venice: characteristics, dynamics, past and future evolution (review article)
Authors: Lionello Piero , Barriopedro David , Ferrarin Christian , Nicholls Robert J. , Orlić Mirko , Raicich Fabio , Reale Marco , Umgiesser Georg , Vousdoukas Michalis , Zanchettin Davide 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Floods in the Venice city centre result from the superposition of several
factors: astronomical tides; seiches; and atmospherically forced
fluctuations, which include storm surges, meteotsunamis, and surges caused
by atmospheric planetary waves. All these factors can contribute to positive
water height anomalies individually and can increase the probability of
extreme events when they act constructively. The largest extreme water
heights are mostly caused by the storm surges produced by the sirocco winds,
leading to a characteristic seasonal cycle, with the largest and most
frequent events occurring from November to March. Storm surges can be
produced by cyclones whose centres are located either north or south of the
Alps. Historically, the most intense events have been produced by
cyclogenesis in the western Mediterranean, to the west of the main
cyclogenetic area of the Mediterranean region in the Gulf of Genoa. Only a
small fraction of the inter-annual variability in extreme water heights is
described by fluctuations in the dominant patterns of atmospheric
circulation variability over the Euro-Atlantic sector. Therefore, decadal
fluctuations in water height extremes remain largely unexplained. In
particular, the effect of the 11-year solar cycle does not appear to be
steadily present if more than 100 years of observations are
considered. The historic increase in the frequency of floods since the
mid-19th century is explained by relative mean sea level rise.
Analogously, future regional relative mean sea level rise will be the most
important driver of increasing duration and intensity of Venice floods
through this century, overcompensating for the small projected decrease in
marine storminess. The future increase in extreme water heights covers a
wide range, largely reflecting the highly uncertain mass contributions to
future mean sea level rise from the melting of Antarctica and Greenland
ice sheets, especially towards the end of the century. For a high-emission
scenario (RCP8.5), the magnitude of 1-in-100-year water height values at the
northern Adriatic coast is projected to increase by 26–35 cm by 2050 and by
53–171 cm by 2100 with respect to the present value and is subject to
continued increase thereafter. For a moderate-emission scenario (RCP4.5),
these values are 12–17 cm by 2050 and 24–56 cm by 2100. Local subsidence
(which is not included in these estimates) will further contribute to the
future increase in extreme water heights. This analysis shows the need for
adaptive long-term planning of coastal defences using flexible solutions
that are appropriate across the large range of plausible future water height
extremes.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DAN PERAN KELUARGA DENGAN STATUS IMUNISASI DASAR DI PUSKESMAS ARJASA
Authors: ANDRIYA SYAHRIYATUL MASRIFAH  
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang: Imunisasi merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk mengatasi berbagai macam penyakit yang timbul. Dengan adanya imunisasi, diharapkan mampu menekankan terjadinya penyakit. Namun dalam pelaksanaanny, imunisasi dasar masih kurang efektif pelaksanaannya.
Metode: Penelitian adalah penelitian cross sectional dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 46 ibu yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Arjasa Kabupaten Jember.
Hasil: Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan pengetahuan ibu dan peran keluarga dengan status imunisasi dasar bayi.
Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan seorang ibu dari anak dan komponen peran keluarga mempunyai keterkaitan yang penting dalam menciptakan peningkatan kehadiran ibu dalam membawa anaknya ke posyandu untuk melakukan imunisasi dasar. Sehingga, pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi dan peran keluarga dalam melakukan dukungan terhadap seluruh kegiatan imunisasi dasar sangat diperlukan guna tercapainya cakupan imunisasi dasar.
ETIOLOGY OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS IN DISTRICT BUNER, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
Authors: Muhammad Noor , Khan Hammad Muhammad , Jawaid Ayesha , Ali Shah Mohsin Syed , Ali Owais Muhammad , Ali Shah Sayyed Mohsin , Saeed Saria 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
The aim of our study was to determine the most common cause of liver cirrhosis in district Buner.

Methodology:
This was retrospective cross-sectional study. Data was collected from patient’s record register from January 2016 till December 2018. A total of 203 patients were included in this study. Data was collected and entered and analyzed in IBM SPSS 23.

Results:
Out of 203 cases, 135(66.5%) were males and 68 (33.5%) were females. The main cause of cirrhosis was HCV (n=163, 80.3%) and HBV (n=27, 13.3%). Cryptogenic cirrhosis occurred in 9 cases (4.4%) while others were only 1% (n=2). HCV was more positive in males (n=108, 66.25%) than in females (n=55, 33.7%), this was statistically significant with a p value .022.

Conclusion:
We conclude with our study that HCV is major cause of Liver Cirrhosis in our patients. HCV is more common in males than in females. Cirrhosis occurs most commonly in 4th, 5th and 6th decades of life after being infected with HBV and HCV.

Keywords: Liver cirrhosis, Hepatitis C virus, Hepatitis B virus, Pakistan.
EFFECTIVENESS OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION AND INTERFERENTIAL CURRENT IN PATIENTS WITH NON-SPECIFIC CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Ali Babar , Sajjad Muhammad Mohsin , Rahman Ali , Qurashi Omair Rafiq , Darain Haider 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT:
Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and Interferential Current (IF) in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain.
Material and Methods: This quasi experimental study was performed in Khyber Teaching Hospital and Khyber Medical University Peshawar from August 2015 to January 2016. All patients were assessed before and after TENS and IF therapy using Visual Analogue Scale 0-10 (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Thirty patients were divided into two groups. TENS (group I) & IF (group II). In group I, patients received 10 minutes session with heat therapy (hot pack) and 20 minutes session with TENS. In group II, the patients received 10 minutes session with heat therapy (hot pack) and 20 minutes session with IF current.
Results: Mean age of participants was 34.85±4.80 and 33.50±5.20 years in group I and group II. The mean of pain before treatment in group I was 6.47±.29 and that of group II was 5.60±.33 in which the minimum pain on VAS was 4 and maximum pain was 8. A pair T test was done to identify the difference between pre and post treatment score on VAS in the intervention. The p values shows .000 which is less than .05 indicate that there is significant difference present between pre and post treatment pain on VAS. The pair T test for disability percentage on ODI was done to identify the difference between pre and post treatment in the interventions. The p value was less than .05 which shows that there is significant difference and reduction of disability percentage on ODI. Conclusion: The study concluded that both the treatment methods TENS and IF are effective in decreasing pain intensity and disability in low back pain patients.
ROLE OF RIGID BRONCHOSCOPY IN MANAGEMENT OF TRACHEOBRONCHIAL FOREIGN BODY ASPIRATION
Authors: Din Israr ud , Hafeez Muhammad , Junaid Muhammad , Khan Arif Raza , Khan Imran 
Published: September 2021

Objective: To determine the role of Rigid Bronchoscopy in Management of Tracheobronchial Foreign Body Aspiration.
Material and Methods: This study was conducted in otolaryngology department, Khyber teaching hospital, Peshawar of one year duration from January 2018 to December 2019. Total 90 Patients of age 4 months to 14 years on clinical suspicion of foreign body bronchus were included, while patients with history of bronchial asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis and radio opaque foreign body bronchus were excluded.
Results: Total number of patients was 90 in which male patients were 60 (66.67 %) and female patients were 30 (33.33 %), patients with foreign body bronchus were 80 (88.89%). Male patients with foreign body bronchus was 53 (58.89%) and female 27 (30.00%). In age range from 4 months to 3 years, 35(39%) Patients underwent bronchoscopy in which foreign body bronchus retrieved in 30(37.5%) patients. Conclusion: Patients with history of repeated chest infection, relieved by medicines for some time should not be over look, as vegetative foreign body bronchus are radiolucent and patients usually present late in respiratory compromised state, the clinician must urge, for prompt treatment as rigid bronchoscopy.
What women want: a qualitative analysis of women’s motivation to pursue surgical careers
Authors: Atkinson Stephanie 
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study was undertaken to explore what motivates women to pursue surgical careers.

Design: Qualitative methods were employed in this interview-based study. Interviews were recorded, manually anonymized and transcribed, and thematized using NVivo software.

Setting: This study was conducted at Memorial University of Newfoundland in Canada.

Participants: Recruitment for this study via email requested volunteers who identified as women and were medical students considering a career in surgery. Recruitment continued until data was saturated. A total of 8 participants volunteered and were included.

Results: This study revealed five themes associated with women's motivation to pursue surgical careers; mentorship, inherent aspirations, lived experience, and proof of capability, preconceived ideals. The commonest theme was mentorship. The women who participated in this study employed unconventional methods when seeking mentorship, some of which are unique to this work.

Conclusions: The most prevalent factors influencing women's motivation to pursue surgical careers are mentorship, inherent aspirations, participants' lived experience, a desire to prove their capability, and their preconceived ideals about surgery. All factors were deeply influential over one another. A greater understanding of these factors may help future researchers and educators create a more fulfilling career for women in surgery.
The Inclusion of Parents and Families in Schooling: Challenging the Beliefs and Assumptions that Lead to the Exclusion of Our Students’ First Teachers
Authors: Fournier Gwyn M 
Published: September 2021

Through autobiographical narrative inquiry, I use my stories of experience to unpack the notion of inclusion, and then, using that definition, I explore commonly held beliefs and assumptions about the positioning of parents and families in schools. I discuss how educators often unintentionally exclude parents and families from their children’s schooling through common, taken-for-granted institutional practices, and how these practices then continue to perpetuate exclusion. I share my rethinking of practices, and I extend Pushor’s notion of parent engagement, reframing her conceptualization through a lens of inclusion and ethical space. I explore how educators might work with parent voice and presence in an inclusive way, repositioning ourselves alongside parents and engaging in authentic relationships to deepen learning opportunities for our students and enriching the lives of our students and their families, as well as our own.
Navigating the Parent Involvement Terrain – The Engagement of High Poverty Parents in a Rural School District
Authors: Robinson Dwan V , Volpe Lauren 
Published: September 2021

This research explored parents’ perceptions of engagement experiences in the school life of their children. This qualitative study included a multi-site exploration of parents at two elementary public schools in an Appalachian school district. Participants for this inquiry included 16 high poverty parents for the individual and focus group interviews. Parents were identified as high poverty based on their child’s eligibility for free and reduced lunches under the U.S. National School Lunch Program. Interview protocols were designed to examine themes of school culture and climate, educational policy, and parental involvement. The research team collected interview transcripts from conversations with parents at the studied school sites.. In examining data from the transcripts, several prominent themes emerged as findings. These findings included the fact that a) parents were motivated to be involved in schools; b) parents grappled with constraints limiting their time to be engaged in schools; and c) issues emerged suggesting that there were attitudes of in-group marginalization amongst parents in the schools. Recommendations are provided for educational leaders, teachers, and other school district personnel.
Becoming Critical Communities of Practice in Pre-Kindergarten
Authors: Sherfinski Melissa 
Published: September 2021

Communities of practice seek to support all members to move from the margins of education to the center. This study draws on data collected in one diverse universal pre-kindergarten (UPK) community in West Virginia over a 4-year period as a basis for considering home-school relationships. The findings indicated that while not yet a reality in the community due to persistent challenges, there is a deep interest among educators and diverse families to support their children's educations and to develop cross-cultural understandings. Given the current community context and the role of universal pre-kindergarten as a major pathway into K-12 education, this research found that it makes sense to pursue the development of communities of practice through induction, integration and investment strategies (Hong, 2011), with UPK serving as an important site for initial induction and integration.
Developing Community Engaged Research Practices in Family, School and Community Partnerships
Authors: Evans Michael P. 
Published: September 2021

As the field of family, school and community partnerships continues to evolve, there is increasing recognition of the impact that parents, guardians and communities can have on students, schools, and education systems-at-large when provided with opportunity to become authentically engaged. To further this evolution there is a need for participatory approaches to research that directly support educational change. This article provides an overview of community engaged scholarship (CES) with a focus on the benefits, criticisms, and challenges that emerge from the utilization of this approach. Special attention is given to how CES intersects with existing efforts in the field of family, school and community partnerships.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL AJAR PERMESINAN BANTU PROGRAM DIPLOMA III TEKNIKA POLITEKNIK PELAYARAN SORONG
Authors: SUTANTO HERI , ENDASAH NURJAMAN TINO , SUNUSI MUH. SYAFRIL 
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian untuk menghasilkan modul ajar pada mata kuliah permesinan bantu program Diploma III Teknika di Politeknik Pelayaran Sorong. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Pengembangan ( Research and Development ). Desain penelitian yang digunakan mengacu pada model pengembangan ADDIE. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa:
1) Hasil produk yang dibuat dengan menggunakan Microsoft word.
2) Hasil produk modul ajar dinyatakan layak digunakan menurut ahli media dan materi dengan persentase 86,59% dan 74,39%, dan menurut tanggapan taruna sebagai respon pengguna dinyatakan layak dengan persentase 76,12% sehingga produk yang telah dikembangkan layak digunakan sebagai sumber belajar dalam proses pembelajaran.
Introduktion: INDFØDTE FOLK I VERDEN OG I ANTROPOLOGIEN
Authors: Sjørslev Inger 
Published: September 2021

Inger Sjørslev: Introduction: Indigenous
peoples in the world and in anthropology
The introduction presents the main themes of
the articles, which derrive from a workshop
held by The University of Copenhagen in cooperation
with IWGIA, The International
Workgroup for Indigenous Affairs, and the
Ethnographic Department of the National
Museum, Copenhagen. The workshop dealt
with the situation of indigenous peoples in
the globalized world and the State of current
anthropological theory in relation to the indigenous
issues, as this is presented by the „objects“
themselves within international fora,
mainly the United Nations. Other themes are
the concept of culture in relation to indigenous
societies and anthropologists’ role in
promoting the culture concept as a basis for
dealing with indigenous rights, the questions
of authenticity and reflexivity in relation to
indigenous peoples’ culture, and the professional
and ethical role of the anthropologist
in dealing with indigenous issues.
NÅR KULTUR SKAL „BEVARES" - perspektiver fra et vestindisk projekt
Authors: Olwig Karen Fog 
Published: September 2021

Karen Fog Olwig: When culture is to be
„preserved“: perspectives from a West Indian
research project
At the same time as anthropology has begun
to apply a more processual perspective to the
study of culture as fluid and changing, many
of the „fourth world“ peoples studied by
anthropologists have become preoccupied
with codifying their culture in the form of
aboriginal, authentic traditions which can be
preserved from change. This concem with
cultural traditions is tied to the struggle for
human rights by indigenous people. The
concept of culture as unchanged traditions is
not only in conflict with current anthropological
thinking, it is also ill suited to the
struggles of peoples who cannot claim this
form of ancient indigenous status, but who
nevertheless share with „fourth world“
peoples the same need to defend their cultural
autonomy. Among this latter group is the
people of the Caribbean, who are indigenous
to Africa, but came to the islands as part of a
process of colonization. This article is based
upon a study of the difficulties faced by such
a non-indigenous, but nevertheless „native“
community of several centuries standing, in
their efforts to defend their cultural and economic
autonomy. In the West Indian case
modem anthropological theory and the population
studied by anthropologists need not
be in conflict.