bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Chiodini Iacopo , Gatti Davide , Soranna Davide , Merlotti Daniela , Mingiano Christian , Fassio Angelo , Adami Giovanni , Falchetti Alberto , Eller-Vainicher Cristina , Rossini Maurizio , Persani Luca , Zambon Antonella , Gennari Luigi 
Published: December 2021

Background: Several studies suggest an association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and the outcomes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, in particular Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) related severity and mortality. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to investigate whether vitamin D status is associated with the COVID-19 severity, defined as ARDS requiring admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or mortality (primary endpoints) and with the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19-related hospitalization (secondary endpoints).Methods: A search in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and preprints repositories was performed until March 31th 2021 to identify all original observational studies reporting association measures, or enough data to calculate them, between Vitamin D status (insufficiency &lt;75, deficiency &lt;50, or severe deficiency &lt;25 nmol/L) and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, ICU admission, or death during COVID-19 hospitalization.Findings: Fifty-four studies (49 as fully-printed and 5 as pre-print publications) were included for a total of 1,403,715 individuals. The association between vitamin D status and SARS-CoV2 infection, COVID-19 related hospitalization, COVID-19 related ICU admission, and COVID-19 related mortality was reported in 17, 9, 27, and 35 studies, respectively. Severe deficiency, deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D were all associated with ICU admission (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence intervals [95%CIs]: 2.63, 1.45–4.77; 2.16, 1.43–3.26; 2.83, 1.74–4.61, respectively), mortality (OR, 95%CIs: 2.60, 1.93–3.49; 1.84, 1.26–2.69; 4.15, 1.76–9.77, respectively), SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR, 95%CIs: 1.68, 1.32–2.13; 1.83, 1.43–2.33; 1.49, 1.16–1.91, respectively) and COVID-19 hospitalization (OR, 95%CIs 2.51, 1.63–3.85; 2.38, 1.56–3.63; 1.82, 1.43–2.33). Considering specific subgroups (i.e., Caucasian patients, high quality studies, and studies reporting adjusted association estimates) the results of primary endpoints did not change.Interpretations: Patients with low vitamin D levels present an increased risk of ARDS requiring admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection and a higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and related hospitalization.
Development and Internal Validation of a Nomogram to Predict Mortality During the ICU Stay of Thoracic Fracture Patients Without Neurological Compromise: An Analysis of the MIMIC-III Clinical Database
Authors: Wang Haosheng , Ou Yangyang , Fan Tingting , Zhao Jianwu , Kang Mingyang , Dong Rongpeng , Qu Yang 
Published: December 2021

Background: This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting mortality in patients with thoracic fractures without neurological compromise and hospitalized in the intensive care unit.Methods: A total of 298 patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database were included in the study, and 35 clinical indicators were collected within 24 h of patient admission. Risk factors were identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. A multivariate logistic regression model was established, and a nomogram was constructed. Internal validation was performed by the 1,000 bootstrap samples; a receiver operating curve (ROC) was plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. In addition, the calibration of our model was evaluated by the calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (HL test). A decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed, and the nomogram was compared with scoring systems commonly used during clinical practice to assess the net clinical benefit.Results: Indicators included in the nomogram were age, OASIS score, SAPS II score, respiratory rate, partial thromboplastin time (PTT), cardiac arrhythmias, and fluid-electrolyte disorders. The results showed that our model yielded satisfied diagnostic performance with an AUC value of 0.902 and 0.883 using the training set and on internal validation. The calibration curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit (HL). The HL tests exhibited satisfactory concordance between predicted and actual outcomes (P = 0.648). The DCA showed a superior net clinical benefit of our model over previously reported scoring systems.Conclusion: In summary, we explored the incidence of mortality during the ICU stay of thoracic fracture patients without neurological compromise and developed a prediction model that facilitates clinical decision making. However, external validation will be needed in the future.
A Comparison of Antifungal Drugs and Traditional Antiseptic Medication for Otomycosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Shunyu , Cheng Yin , Lin Shunzhang , Liu Huanhai 
Published: December 2021

Objectives/Hypothesis: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of and complications associated with antifungal drugs and traditional antiseptic medication for the treatment of otomycosis.Data Sources: The PubMed, EMBASE, GeenMedical, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, VIP and other databases were searched from January 1991 to January 2021.Methods: The systematic literature review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies (case-control, cohort, and case series) were included to assess the topical use of antifungal drugs and traditional antiseptic medication in patients with otomycosis. The research subjects were patients who were clinically diagnosed with otomycosis and whose external auditory canal secretions were positive for fungi. Funnel plots were used to detect bias, and the Q test was used to assess heterogeneity. The random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. The t-test was used to assess significance.Results: Of the 324 non-duplicate studies screened, 16 studies met the criteria for full-text review, and 7 were included in the meta-analysis. Four studies reported recovery conditions (P = 0.01). Six common complications after medication use were compared, and there were no significant differences. The authors further conducted subgroup analysis according to complications. The differences in the rates of ear distension (P = 0.007), earache (P = 0.03) and tinnitus (P = 0.003) were statistically significant.Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis and literature review showed that antifungal drugs and traditional antiseptic medication were effective in relieving symptoms in patients with otomycosis, and the two treatments were associated with different complications. Otolaryngologists have the option to use one medication or a combination of two drugs on the basis of the condition. Future research in this area should include RCTs with long-term follow-up to guide the development of otomycosis guidelines to overcome some of the weaknesses found in the literature.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#myprospero.
Hydrogen Containing Nanofluids in the Spark Engine’s Cylinder Head Cooling System
Authors: Balitskii Alexander , Kindrachuk Myroslav , Volchenko Dmytro , Abramek Karol F. , Balitskii Olexiy , Skrypnyk Vasyl , Zhuravlev Dmytro , Bekish Iryna , Ostashuk Mykola , Kolesnikov Valerii 
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the following issues: boiling of fluid in the cooling jacket of the engine cylinder head; agents that influenced the thermal conductivity coefficient of nanofluids; behavior of nanoparticles and devices with nanoparticles in the engine’s cylinder head cooling system. The permissible temperature level of internal combustion engines is ensured by intensification of heat transfer in cooling systems due to the change of coolants with “light” and “heavy” nanoparticles. It was established that the introduction of “light” nanoparticles of aluminum oxide Al2O3 Al2O3 into the water in a mass concentration of 0.75% led to an increase in its thermal conductivity coefficient by 60% compared to the base fluid at a coolant temperature of 90 °C, which corresponds to the operating temperature of the engine cooling systems. At the indicated temperature, the base fluid has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.545 Wm2×°C W/(m °C), for nanofluid with Al2O3 particles its value was 0.872 Wm2×°C. At the same time, a positive change in the parameters of the nanofluid in the engine cooling system was noted: the average movement speed increased from 0.2 to 2.0 m/s; the average temperature is in the range of 60–90 °C; heat flux density 2 × 102–2 × 106 Wm2; heat transfer coefficient 150–1000 Wm2×°C. Growth of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the cooling nanofluid was achieved. This increase is determined by the change in the mass concentration of aluminum oxide nanoparticles in the base fluid. This will make it possible to create coolants with such thermophysical characteristics that are required to ensure intensive heat transfer in cooling systems of engines with various capacities.
Temporal Viability of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Eggs Using Two Hygroscopic Substances as Preservatives under a Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) Program in Southern Mexico
Authors: Martínez-García Eunice Nayeli , Díaz-González Esteban E. , Marina Carlos F. , Bond J. Guillermo , Rodríguez-Rojas Jorge J. , Ponce-García Gustavo , Sánchez-Casas Rosa M. , Fernández-Salas Ildefonso 
Published: December 2021

Dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases have dramatically increased over the last decades. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) has been successfully used as part of integrated pest strategies to control populations of insect-plant and livestock pests and is currently being tested as a potential method to reduce mosquito populations in an environmentally friendly approach. However, during the mass rearing steps needed to produce millions of mosquitoes, egg storage and preservation are essential for a certain amount of time. Eggs of Aedes aegypti have a chorionic pad that functions as a sticky substance to glue them onto the inner walls of larval breeding sites. The chorionic pad is chemically made of hyaluronic acid, a hygroscopic compound, responsible to protect them from desiccation over time. Two commercial products with hygroscopic properties, hydrolyzed collagen, and Hyalurosmooth®, both were tested to assess their ability to prolong egg life storage for A. aegypti and A. albopictus. Results showed that 85–95% of Ae. aegypti eggs were able to hatch up to week 8 after being treated with both hydrophilic compounds, compared with the control 66.3%. These two substances showed promising effects for keeping Ae. aegypti eggs viable during prolonged storage in mass rearing insect production focused on vector control SIT programs.
IDENTIFICATION OF LONG-RANGE NARROWBAND WIRELESS NETWORK DEVICES BASED ON DIGITAL OBJECT ARCHITECTURE USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
Authors: ПОМОГАЛОВА А.В. , САЗОНОВ Д.Д. , БОРОДИН А.С. , КИРИЧЁК Р.В. 
Published: December 2021

Исследована возможность взаимодействия системы идентификации устройств интернета вещей (ИВ) с частным экземпляром технологии blockchain (блокчейн-сеть - БчС) на базе программного клиента с открытым исходным кодом Geth с целью оптимизации работы системы идентификации. Рассмотрены вопросы организации БчС, архитектура разработанного модельного стенда, проведен ряд исследований. Отражены результаты взаимодействия системы идентификации с БчС в устройстве идентификации и записи в БчС, а также времени ответа БчС при запросе данных для проверки или подтверждения выданных идентификаторов. Проанализирована работа БчС в качестве инструмента логирования всех изменений системы идентификации с целью предотвращения фальсификации и подмены идентификационных данных устройств и датчиков ИВ.
The article is devoted to the study of the possibility of interaction of the system of identification of devices of the Internet of Things (IoT) with the private instance of blockchain network on the basis of the open-source client to optimize the operation of the identification system. The issues of blockchain network organization and the architecture of the developed model stand are considered, a number of studies have been carried out. The results of interaction of the identification system with the blockchain network in the identification and recording device in the blockchain network, as well as the response time of the blockchain network when requesting data for checking or confirming the issued identifiers are presented. The work of the blockchain network was analyzed as a tool for login of all changes in the identification system to prevent falsification and substitution of the identification data of devices and IoT sensors.
Domain matching epitaxy stabilized metastable, tetragonal BiFeO3 on symmetry-mismatched c-plane ZnO
Authors: Zhao Yajuan , Yin Zhigang , Li Xingxing , Zheng Maoyuan , Cheng Yong , Wu Jinliang , Zhang Xingwang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We report the stabilization of metastable tetragonal BiFeO3 epilayer on ZnO(0001) surface. X-ray reciprocal space map characterizations show that the BiFeO3 film is of true tetragonal symmetry, but not the commonly observed monoclinic structure. The critical thickness of the tetragonal BiFeO3 is higher than 140 nm, much larger than that reported previously. Despite the considerable lattice mismatch and symmetry mismatch, tetragonal BiFeO3 can be formed on ZnO(0001) though domain matching epitaxy which is featured by anisotropic growth. We show that by taking into account the elastic energy during the initial semi-coherent growth, the tetragonal phase is lower than the thermally stable rhombohedral phase in total energy by 70 meV per formula unit. Moreover, local piezoelectric characterizations reveal a coercive field of 360 kV cm−1 and a piezoelectric constant of 48 pm V−1. The integration of tetragonal BiFeO3 with robust ferroelectricity on the platform of ZnO has potentials for all-oxide electronics applications.
High-frequency rectifying characteristics of metallic single-electron transistor with niobium nanodots
Authors: Iwata Yoshiaki , Nishimura Tomoki , Singh Alka , Satoh Hiroaki , Inokawa Hiroshi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Metallic single-electron transistors (SETs) with Nb nanodots were fabricated and their high-frequency rectifying characteristics were evaluated. By reducing the gap size of the electrodes and film deposition area to nanometer scale, improved SET characteristics with gate control and better frequency response of the rectifying current with gentler decrease than 1/f at high frequency were achieved. A comparison between the characteristics of micrometer- and nanometer-size devices is made, and the reasons for their differences are discussed with the aid of simulations based on the experimentally extracted parameters.
ASPEK VISIBILITY, LEGIBILITY, DAN READABILITY DALAM DESAIN PAPAN NAMA PURA KAHYANGAN KAJA DESA ADAT PANJER DENPASAR
Authors: Utami Ni Kadek Yuni , Trisna Ni Made Sri Wahyuni 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this report is to provide an explanation of the visibility, legibility and readability aspects in the design of the Kahyangan Kaja Temple sign board, Panjer Village, Denpasar. This report is part of the Community Service activities of the Bali Design and Business Institute in the manufacture of Environmental Facilities at Banjar Maniksaga, Panjer Village, Denpasar. The benefit of this report is that it pays attention to the condition of design facilities in public spaces, one of which is the Kahyangan Kaja Temple sign board which is owned by the people of Panjer Village as well as giving consideration in designing the public space sign board to the public. This report is carried out using a descriptive analysis method to describe the considerations of the visibility, legibility and readability aspects in terms of material selection, typography and placement in the design. With these considerations, it is hoped that the public will be more aware of the existence of the Kahyangan Temple and at the same time support the aesthetics of the Kahyangan Temple in Panjer Village, Denpasar, as well as provide an overview of the design aspects that support the optimization of the function of a nameplate in a public space.

Keywords: signboard, design, material, placement, typography, Kahyangan Kaja Temple, Panjer Village
Kontribusi Media Pembelajaran Online, Lingkungan Belajar Dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Andri Putra Fajri , Sukardi Sukardi 
Published: December 2021

Latar Belakang : Hasil belajar siswa belum optimal. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah kurangnya dukungan dari segi media pembelajaran selama daring, lingkungan belajar yang tidak mendukung dan motivasi belajar yang kurang. Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat kontribusi media pembelajaran online, lingkungan belajar dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada siswa jurusan TKJ kelas X SMKN 3 Kota Bengkulu. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif korelasional. Subjek uji coba pada penelitian ini adalah 35 orang siswa SMKN 3 Kota Bengkulu. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan bahwa terdapat Kontribusi yang signifikan antara media pembelajaran online terhadap hasil belajar, terdapat kontribusi yang signifikan antara lingkungan belajar terhadap hasil belajar, terdapat kontribusi yang signifikan antara motivasi terhadap hasil belajar, terdapat kontribusi media pembelajaran online (X1) lingkungan belajar (X2), dan motivasi belajar (X3) secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil belajar (Y). Kesimpulan : pembelajaran berbasis online lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu sebesar 0,000 < 0,005, hal ini berarti bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, yang berarti terdapat kontribusi yang signifikan antara pembelajaran berbasis online terhadap hasil belajar; 2) Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi linier sederhana, didapatkan bahwa nilai sig. dari lingkungan belajar lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu sebesar 0,021 < 0,005.
Legal and organizational framework for combating corruption at the global and regional levels in the field of business
Authors: Kobetc P. , Il'in Igor' 
Published: December 2021

The article, along with an analysis of the international legal framework for combating corruption in the field of entrepreneurship, examines the issues of taking into account international recommendations that companies can use to create effective anti-corruption programs and compliance with ethical standards. The emphasis is made on the decisive role of business entities as allies of the state in combating corruption in the field of entrepreneurial activity.
In the course of the study, the authors have convincingly proved that only the active use of various practical guidelines, initiatives, standards and principles for combating corruption in the field of entrepreneurial activity will make it possible in practice to strengthen collective efforts to support entrepreneurial activity and eradicate the threat of corruption.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE HEDGE STRUCTURE IN THE URBAN IMPROVEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Серебрякова Наталья Евгеньевна , Решетняк Андрей Александрович 
Published: December 2021

Обозначена важность своевременного учета качества и состояния живых изгородей, как многофункционального элемента городского ландшафта. Существующая методика инвентаризации не принимает во внимание распространенные проблемы живых изгородей. Предложена авторская методика, эффективность которой состоит в простоте учета, где фиксируются видимые проблемы структуры изгороди - параметры выпадов, и наглядности полученных расчетных данных, позволяющих сравнительно оценить качество изгородей и выбрать адекватную стратегию по улучшению их состояния. Введено понятие - общая целостность живой изгороди, которая показывает удельную протяженность ненарушенных выпадами участков изгороди, выраженную в процентах. Методика апробирована на 19 объектах общего пользования центрального района города Йошкар-Олы. Выявлены нарушения структуры изгородей: снижение их целостности вследствие наличия выпадов в количестве от 0,2 до 2 шт. /10 пог. м и протяженностью 0,7 до 4,8 пог. м. Различная протяженность выпадов требует различных подходов к их восстановлению.
We determined the importance of timely consideration of the quality and condition of hedges as a multifunctional element of the urban landscape. The existing inventory methodology does not take into account the common problems of hedges. The authors’ methodology effectiveness is in the simplicity of accounting, where the visible problems of the hedge structure (gaps parameters) are recorded and the clarity of the calculated data is obtained. That allows us to comparatively assess the quality of hedges and choose an adequate strategy to improve their condition. The concept of general hedge integrity is introduced, which shows the specific length of hedge sections not disturbed by gaps, expressed as a percentage. The method has been tested on 19 public facilities in the central district of Yoshkar-Ola city. Violations of the structure of hedges were revealed: a decrease in their integrity due to the presence of gaps in an amount from 0.2 to 2 pcs. per 10 running meters and with length from 0,7 to 4,8 running meters. Different lengths of gaps require different approaches to their recovery.
PERCEPTIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MALAWI: A COUNTRY CONTEXT UNDERSTANDING OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Mwastika Charles 
Published: December 2021

Entrepreneurship is considered a strategy for economic development, but other scholars found that it does not bring economic growth in developing countries. Although entrepreneurship has multiple perspectives, there is a lack of knowledge about prevailing perceptions and activities undertaken in developing countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study was to measure the perceptions of entrepreneurship in Malawi to have country context knowledge of the concept that guides what is undertaken as entrepreneurship. A cross-sectional survey of 337 enterprise owners and managers was undertaken using a questionnaire. Participants were requested to provide their top-of-the-mind definitions of entrepreneurship and activities their enterprises had undertaken which were considered entrepreneurial. Analyses of definitions and activities undertaken were used to draw out perceptions of entrepreneurship. The study found that starting and managing one's own business for profit, creating jobs, and being self-employed is the prevailing understanding of entrepreneurship in Malawi. The study further found low innovation among enterprises. Although the perceptions found reflect classical economic perspectives, they are inadequate to ignite economic development because of a lack of focus on innovation. The findings imply that understanding a concept is important in practice. Therefore, stakeholders are encouraged to appraise their knowledge about entrepreneurship to align with theories where entrepreneurship is the driver of business growth and economic development. Further studies are required on the relationships between perceptions of entrepreneurship, activities undertaken, and economic development to advance entrepreneurial knowledge in Sub-Saharan Africa.