bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radar-based assessment of hail frequency in Europe
Authors: Fluck Elody , Kunz Michael , Geissbuehler Peter , Ritz Stefan P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract. In this study we present a unique 10 year climatology of severe convective storm tracks for a large European area covering Germany, France, Belgium and Luxembourg. For the period 2005–2014, a high-resolution hail potential composite of 1×1 km2 is produced from two-dimensional radar reflectivity and lightning data. Individual hailstorm tracks as well as their physical properties, such as radar reflectivity along the tracks, were reconstructed for the entire time period using the Convective Cell Tracking Algorithm (CCTA2D). A sea-to-continent gradient in the number of hail days per year is found to be present over the whole domain. In addition, the highest number of severe storms is found on the leeward side of low mountain ranges such as the Massif Central in France and the Swabian Jura in southwest Germany. A latitude shift in the hail peak month is observed between the northern part of Germany, where hail occurs most frequently in August, and southern France, where the maximum amount of hail is 2 months earlier. The longest footprints with high reflectivity values occurred on 9 June 2014 and on 28 July 2013 with lengths reaching up to 500 km. Both events were associated with hailstones measuring up to 10 cm diameter, which caused damage in excess of EUR 2 billion.
All the Realities and All the Illusions
Authors: Grumberg Karen 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
This review essay considers Adam Newton’s book Jewish Studies as Counterlife through the lens of modern Hebrew and comparative literary studies. I begin by reflecting on Newton’s articulation of the problems plaguing Jewish studies in the American academy, and on his proposal of a “Jewish Studies to come”–a vision based on relationality, interruption, and sharing that moves beyond disciplines, interdisciplinarity, and the academy itself. Bringing these ideas into conversation with my own experience as a scholar of Hebrew and comparative literature, I outline my ambivalence regarding my positionality within Jewish studies, a field that is by definition concerned with Jewish and Judaic matters and that has privileged history and religious studies over literature and culture. The expansion of the field and the permeability of its boundaries, however, have created the conditions for my own active participation in its institutions, suggesting that Newton’s vision has already started to take shape. Newton’s book, more a manifesto then a report, does the crucial work of theorizing these shifts and their potential not only for Jewish studies but also, critically, for the humanities more broadly. In posing a new set of questions and bypassing the conventional concerns undergirding attempts to define, understand, and situate Jewish studies, Newton invites “the uncontainable” into Jewish studies and Jewish studies–in all its uncontainability–more fully into the humanities. Jewish Studies as Counterlife makes a radical, viable, and imaginative case for inclusion within Jewish studies as well as of Jewish studies.
Resistance to—and Persistence of—Theory
Authors: Berman Lila Corwin 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
In this extended review of Adam Zachary Newton’s Jewish Studies as Counterlife: A Report to the Academy, Lila Corwin Berman explores the different life—immersed in theory, interdisciplinarity, and self-reflexivity—that Newton imagines for Jewish studies. A highly theoretical text, Newton’s book demands close reading and patience, yet the payoff is significant. His contention that Jewish studies should seek new registers through which to liberate itself from its narrowest straits and instead build bridges across the university offers a powerful model for the future of the field. Yet Newton’s approach appears to fold in on itself as he advances the imagery of “pitchforks” and “levers” to describe the Jewish studies he wishes to bring into being. Berman challenges his choices of metaphors and notes the implicit masculinity they—and, thus, Newton’s approach—communicate about a field that traditionally prioritized men’s experiences and voices. In this way, the book falls short of advancing a truly counter life.
Diseccionando las experiencias mentales: las reflexiones fenomenológicas de Husserl sobre “Erlebnisen” en “Ideas”
Authors: Moran Dermot 
Published: February 2021

No nos interesan las facticidades [Faktizitäten] de la conciencia y de sus cursos [Abläufe], pero sí los problemas esenciales [Wesensprobleme], que aquí habría que formular. (Husserl, Ideas § 135, p. 412; Hua III/1 312)En el presente artículo me centraré en las siguientes cuestiones: (a) que hay de nuevo en las Ideas de Husserl (b) la necesidad de una epoché trascendental o una reducción para acceder a la correlación noesis-noema (c) la estructura compleja de Erlebnis intencional y algunos aspectos de noesis y noema (d) las leyes eidéticas identificadas por Husserl y, finalmente, (e) algunas observaciones sobre el papel del ego en la corriente de las vivencias (Erlebnissstorm)What interests us are not the facticities [Faktizitäten] of consciousness and in-stances of it elapsing [Abläufe], but ra-ther the problems of its essence [Wesensprobleme], problems which would need to be formulated there. (Husserl, Ideas, § 135, p. 269; Hua III/1 312)In this paper I shall focus on the following matters: (a) what is new in Husserl’s Ideas (b) the need for a transcendental epoché or reduction in order to access the noesi-noema correlation (c) the complex structure of an intentional Erlebnis and some aspects of noesis and noema (d) the eidetic laws Husserl identifies, and, finally, (e) some remarks on the role of the ego in the stream of experiences (Erlebnisstrom).
Assessment of Spleen Stiffness for Prediction of Varices in Patients with Hepatitis C Related Cirrhosis Using Transient Elastography
Authors: El-Toukhy Naglaa El-Toukhy Ramadan , Hassanien Sharaf Elsayed Ali , Metwaly Ramy A. , Khalil Medhat A. , Abdulaziz Badawy A. 
Published: February 2021

Background and Study Aims: Portal hypertension is one of the most important complications of liver cirrhosis. The prevalence of varices among cirrhotic patients is variable. Therefore, endoscopic screening of all patients with liver cirrhosis would result in a large number of unnecessary additional burdens to endoscopic units. Our aim was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of spleen stiffness measured by transient elastography (Fibroscan) for prediction of the presence of varices in patients with hepatitis C related cirrhosis.
Patients and Methods: The study was carried out on 100 patients with HCV-induced cirrhosis and were divided into 2 groups according to presence or absence of varices by Esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy: Group I: patients with HCV-induced cirrhosis with varices; Group II: patients with HCV-induced cirrhosis without varices. Clinical and laboratory parameters, andominal ultrasonography, Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and transient elastography to assess the liver and spleen stiffness were carried out to all studied persons.
Results: Spleen stiffness had significant diagnostic value to differentiate between cirrhotic patients with varices and cirrhotic patients without varices , it had significant diagnostic value in presence of esophageal varices at cut-off (≥46.4 K Pascal) the sensitivity for detection of esophageal varices was 93%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 80%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 100%; accuracy was 95% and area under the curve was 0.98 denoting that spleen stiffness is a good predictor of esophageal varices.
Conclusion: Spleen stiffness was considered as an excellent predictor of esophageal varices and better than liver stiffness in prediction of esophageal varices presence and had significant diagnostic value to differentiate between the patients with varices and patients without varices at cut off (≥46.4 K Pascal) and it may have a role in variceal grading.
Knowledge Attitude and Preventive Practices towards Infection by Severe Respiratory Syndrome-CoV-2 among Residents of Kogi State during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ibrahim Rabiu , Kabir Zubair Ovavi , Yahaya Isah Adagiri , Itopa Ododo Benard , Yakubu Abdulsalam , Abdullahi Ajayi Onimisi 
Published: February 2021

Background: Global spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic constitute a public health threat requiring strict infection prevention practice for every individual in the community. Control measures have been prescribed to check the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. Whether populations in these communities adhere optimally to these control measures depends on a number of factors. This study aimed to assess health knowledge and attitude, and preventive practices regarding Infection by SARS-Cov-2 among residents of Kogi State during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among residents of Kogi State. Using the authors’ internal connections with the Kogi residents, 865 residents were recruited into the study via simple random sampling method. The data were collected by an online questionnaire designed by Google form which was adapted from a study in China. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 at various levels with p value at < 0.05.
Results: Among 865 questionnaires sent out, 639 were filled completely and returned given a respondent rate of 73.9%. Of the 12 questions on knowledge, the mean overall correct answers was 9.9 given overall correct rate of the participants’ knowledge of 82.5%. 88.4% of the respondents had confidence that Nigeria can win the battle against COVID-19. Just about 52.6% of the participants wore masks when going out in recent days. In multiple binary logistic regression analyses, there was significant statistical association between the COVID-19 knowledge score, and a lower likelihood of negative attitudes (OR: 0.87-3.98, P<0.001) and preventive practices towards COVID-19(OR: 0.53-0.67, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Health education training to improving COVID-19 knowledge is needed for Kogi residents to have optimistic attitudes and maintain appropriate preventive practices.
Factors Associated with Alcoholic Drink Consumption: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Capital City in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Rodrigues Osely Valéria , Oliveira Antônio Carlos , Marques Filipe Augusto Alves , Maia Úrsula Melo de Souza , Farias Edson Santos 
Published: February 2021

Aims: To analyze the prevalence of alcohol consumption and associated factors in people living in Porto Velho - RO. Sample: 712 individuals.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Methodology: Cross-sectional study conducted between August 2019 and July 2020, with the application of a questionnaire, adapted to verify the consumption of alcoholic beverages in a sample of 712 individuals aged 18 years or older that reside at the city of Porto Velho - RO.
Results: The prevalence of consumption was 48% (95% CI 44.4 - 51.7). The number of doses consumed per event was 4 standard doses (95% CI 4.0 - 5.0). The prevalence ratios (PR) observed were:i.sex, PR = 0.714 (95% CI 0.614 - 0.831 [P<.001]); ii.age, PR = 0.758 (95% CI 0.671 - 0.858 [P<.001]). iii.marital status, PR = 1.287 (95% CI 1.082 - 1.531 [P<.005]); iv.income, PR = 1.299 (95% CI 1.120 - 1.507 [P = .001]); and v.use of other substances, PR = 1.385 (95% CI 1.168 - 1.644 [P<.001]).
Conclusion: Sex, age, marital status, income and use of other drugs showed a significant association with alcohol consumption. Sex and age showed a negative association, while marital status, income and use of other substances showed a positive association with alcohol consumption.
Effect of Fertilizers on Nutrient Content and Uptake of Aromatic Local Transplant Aman Rice Varieties in Acid Soil
Authors: Mousomi Kamrun Nahar , Miah Mohammad Noor Hossain , Kashem Md. Abul , Miah Imtiaz 
Published: February 2021

A pot experiment was conducted at the experimental net house of the Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh to observe the effect of fertilizers on yield and nutrient uptake of local aromatic rice varieties during the Aman season of 2015. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Five local aromatic rice varieties (Kalizira: V1, Muktasail: V2, Nagrasail: V3, Maloti: V4 and Chinigura: V5) and four packages of fertilizers (F1: Recommended package i.e. 45-10-20-10-0.5 kg ha-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn, F2: 2/3rd of recommended package, F3: 1/3rd of recommended package, and F4: Control) were used. Urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum and ZnSO4 were used as N, P, K, S and Zn source, respectively. According to the treatment, all fertilizers were applied as basal during final pot preparation while urea was applied in two equal splits (one half as basal and another half at 40 DAT). Nutrient content and uptake of the aromatic rice varieties were significantly affected by the application of different fertilizer packages (with few exceptions). Mostly Kalizira (1.10-0.44-2.31-0.67-13.75 g pot-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn) and/or Nagrasail (1.15-0.46-2.70-0.62-11.74 g pot-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn) varieties showed the highest nutrient uptake in grain and straw with recommended package of fertilizers. While in maximum cases Chinigura (0.41-0.16-0.76-0.197-3.17 g pot-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn) was observed to have the lowest with control treatment. In case of post harvest soil nutrient analyses, Kalizira and/or Chinigura variety associated with recommended package of fertilizers showed the highest nutrient status.
Interoperable and Distributed Processing in GIS to Sustain the Development of Local Authorities in Mali
Authors: Forokoro Koné , Maïga Mouneri , Maïga Mohamed S. 
Published: February 2021

Since 1992, implement decentralization reformin Mali has made it possible to empower populations in their own development planning. Resources distribution to local authorities requires detailed information of the constraints and the assets linked to their development. Data collected on rural area are often poorly defined, redundant or incomplete and inefficiencies for sharing due to a lack of applied standard tools. The information is too descriptive and it is difficult to extract useful one for decision making process. There is inadequate information upon which to base resource allocation decisions. The purpose of this paper is to define data that can be collected on rural municipalities or localities and handled by GIS to make information available for decision-makers, planners and beneficiaries. The data used from Malian poverty survey performed in 2001-2002 focused on the satisfaction of basic household needs. This concept is based on meeting those who lack access to basic living needs, which generally include clean water, sanitation, nutrition, primary health services, and basic education. The method used the platform of "MapGIS IGS, IIS6, Windows Server 2003, ASP.NET and MS SQL Server 2000" to develop an application GIS Web Service. Data are integrated and published as services by the platform. The product output have been tested successfully on the intranet of Wuhan Zondy Cyber in the term of interoperability and extraction of the information needed. With this tool, each local authority can be a potential collector of his own data and participates to update the database. The Web Services model of the GIS systems described provides to users, services and data they need, without having to install, learn, or pay for any unused functionalities. The extension of this standardization in all ECOWAS countries would be a great advantage regarding the sharing of geographic information between countries.
Acid‐Promoted Expeditious Syntheses of Aminated Dibenzosultams via Palladium/Norbornene Cooperatively Catalysed C−H Amination/Arylation
Authors: Zhao Shen , Han Shibo , Du Guopeng , Zhang Daopeng , Liu Hui , Li Xinjin , Dong Yunhui , Sun Feng‐Gang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHerein we reported a protocol to access aminated benzofused sultams through sequential ortho‐amination, followed by ipso‐arylation of aryl iodide bearing sulfonamide functional group via palladium/norbornene coorperative catalysis. This reaction has showcased a broad spectrum of substrate scope under mild conditions with moderate to good efficiency.magnified image
Reconfigurable Mechanical Anisotropy in Self‐Assembled Magnetic Superstructures
Authors: Håkonsen Verner , Singh Gurvinder , De Toro José A. , Normile Peter S. , Wahlström Erik , He Jianying , Zhang Zhiliang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEnhancement of mechanical properties in self‐assembled superstructures of magnetic nanoparticles is a new emerging aspect of their remarkable collective behavior. However, how magnetic interactions modulate mechanical properties is, to date, not fully understood. Through a comprehensive Monte Carlo investigation, this study demonstrates how the mechanical properties of self‐assembled magnetic nanocubes can be controlled intrinsically by the nanoparticle magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MA), as well as by the superstructure shape anisotropy, without any need for changes in structural design (i.e., nanoparticle size, shape, and packing arrangement). A low MA‐to‐dipolar energy ratio, as found in iron oxide and permalloy systems, favors isotropic mechanical superstructure stabilization, whereas a high ratio yields magnetically blocked nanoparticle macrospins which can give rise to metastable superferromagnetism, as expected in cobalt ferrite simple cubic supercrystals. Such full parallel alignment of the particle moments is shown to induce mechanical anisotropy, where the superior high‐strength axis can be remotely reconfigured by means of an applied magnetic field. The new concepts developed here pave the way for the experimental realization of smart magneto‐micromechanical systems (based, e.g., on the permanent super‐magnetostriction effect illustrated here) and inspire new design rules for applied functional materials.
Nanoprobes‐Assisted Multichannel NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging‐Guided Resection and Photothermal Ablation of Lymph Nodes
Authors: Fan Xiaoxiao , Li Yirun , Feng Zhe , Chen Guoqiao , Zhou Jing , He Mubin , Wu Lan , Li Shengliang , Qian Jun , Lin Hui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLymph node metastasis is a major metastatic route of cancer and significantly influences the prognosis of cancer patients. Radical lymphadenectomy is crucial for a successful surgery. However, iatrogenic normal organ injury during lymphadenectomy is a troublesome complication. Here, this paper reports a kind of organic nanoprobes (IDSe‐IC2F nanoparticles (NPs)) with excellent second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescence and photothermal properties. IDSe‐IC2F NPs can effectively label lymph nodes and helped achieve high‐contrast lymphatic imaging. More importantly, by jointly using IDSe‐IC2F nanoparticles and other kinds of nanoparticles with different excitation/emission properties, a multichannel NIR‐II fluorescence imaging modality and imaging‐guided lymphadenectomy is proposed. With the help of this navigation system, the iatrogenic injury can be largely avoided. In addition, NIR‐II fluorescence imaging‐guided photothermal treatment (“hot” strategy) can ablate those metastatic lymph nodes which are difficult to deal with during resection (“cold” strategy). Nanoprobes‐assisted and multichannel NIR‐II fluorescence imaging‐guided “cold” and “hot” treatment strategy provides a general new basis for the future precision surgery.
Molecular‐Level Control of the Intersheet Distance and Electronic Coupling between 2D Semiconducting and Metallic Nanosheets: Establishing Design Rules for High‐Performance Hybrid Photocatalysts
Authors: Gu Tae‐Ha , Jin Xiaoyan , Park So‐Jung , Kim Min Gyu , Hwang Seong‐Ju 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHybridization with conductive nanospecies has attracted intense research interest as a general effective means to improve the photocatalytic functionalities of nanostructured materials. To establish universal design rules for high‐performance hybrid photocatalysts, correlations between versatile roles of conductive species and interfacial interaction between hybridized species are systematically investigated through fine‐control of intersheet distance between photocatalytically active TiO2 and metallic reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/RuO2 nanosheets. Molecular‐level tailoring of intersheet distance and electronic coupling between 2D nanosheets can be successfully achieved by restacking of colloidal nanosheet mixture with variable‐sized organic intercalants. While the shortest intersheet distance between restacked TiO2 and rGO nanosheets leads to the highest visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic activity, the best UV–vis photocatalyst performance occurs for moderate intersheet spacing. These results highlight the greater sensitivity of photoinduced electronic excitation to the intersheet distance than that of interfacial charge transfer. The rGO nanosheet can function as effective charge transport pathway and cocatalyst within ≈1.7 nm distance from the semiconducting nanosheet, and as efficient stabilizer for hybridized photocatalyst within ≈1.8 nm. The present study underscores that the intercalative restacking of colloidal nanosheet mixture with intercalants enables molecular‐level control of distance between 2D inorganic/graphene nanosheets, which provides a rational design strategy for high‐performance hybrid photocatalysts.
Maternal health and pregnancy outcome in diagnosed and undiagnosed Marfan syndrome: A registry‐based study
Authors: Groth Kristian A. , Nielsen Birgitte B. , Sheyanth Inger N. , Gravholt Claus H. , Andersen Niels H. , Stochholm Kirstine 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn Marfan syndrome (MFS), pregnancy is considered as high risk due to the deficiency of fibrillin in the connective tissue and increased risk of aortic dissection. The objective was to demonstrate the consequences on maternal health, in women with diagnosed and undiagnosed MFS at the time of pregnancy and childbirth. By using national health care registries, we identified all pregnancy related outcomes, from women with MFS (n = 183) and an age‐matched background population (n = 18,300). We found 91 pregnancies during follow‐up. Significantly fewer women with MFS gave birth, compared to the background population. No women with known MFS had a pregnancy related aortic dissection but complications related to the cervix were increased (HR:19.8 [95% CI:2.2–177.5]). Fifty women with MFS were undiagnosed at the time of their first pregnancy and/or childbirth. Among these, there were more birth canal related complications HR:27.2 (95% CI: 2.3–315.0), preeclampsia (HR:2.25 [95% CI: 1.11–4.60]), fetal deaths (HR:12.3 [95% CI: 1.51–99.8]), and all delivery‐related dissections came from this subgroup. In conclusion, undiagnosed women with MFS experienced more pregnancy and childbirth related complications including fetal death, birth canal issues, preeclampsia, and aortic disease, which emphasizes the need for an early MFS diagnosis and special care during pregnancy and childbirth.