bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine-Learning-Based Control of Perturbed and Heated Channel Flows
Authors: Rüttgers Mario , Waldmann Moritz , Schröder Wolfgang , Lintermann Andreas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA reinforcement learning algorithm is coupled to a thermal lattice-Boltzmann method to control flow through a two-dimensional heated channel narrowed by a bump. The algorithm is allowed to change the disturbance factor of the bump and receives feedback in terms of the pressure loss and temperature increase between the inflow and outflow region of the channel. It is trained to modify the bump such that both fluid mechanical properties are rated equally important. After a modification, a new simulation is initialized using the modified geometry and the flow field computed in the previous run. The thermal lattice-Boltzmann method is validated for a fully developed isothermal channel flow. After 265 simulations, the trained algorithm predicts an averaged disturbance factor that deviates by less than $$1\%$$

1
%

from the reference solution obtained from 3,400 numerical simulations using a parameter sweep over the disturbance factor. The error is reduced to less than $$0.1\%$$

0.1
%

after 1,450 simulations. A comparison of the temperature, pressure, and streamwise velocity distributions of the reference solution with the solution after 1,450 simulations along the line of the maximum velocity component in streamwise direction shows only negligible differences. The presented method is hence a valid method for avoiding expensive parameter space explorations and promises to be effective in supporting shape optimizations for more complex configurations, e.g., in finding optimal nasal cavity shapes.
Way Forward
Authors: Kinzelbach Wolfgang , Wang Haijing , Li Yu , Wang Lu , Li Ning 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe combination of fallowing and substituting groundwater by surface water was effective in reducing aquifer depletion in Guantao. The average annual depletion rate after 2014 was about half the value of the pre-project period 2000–2013 and basically limited to the deep aquifer. The goal of closing all deep aquifer wells has only been reached partially, their use being necessary in locations where the shallow aquifer is too saline.
Introduction
Authors: Azis Iwan J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDualism is closely linked with inequality. Any process of development entails forces of dispersion (centrifugal) and forces of concentration or agglomeration (centripetal). The tendency for activities to concentrate is driven by the external economies that exceeds the negative externalities (higher prices, congestion, etc.) caused by the concentration. On the other hand, external economies can help mitigate the inequality between MSMEs and large businesses by offering benefits to MSMEs if they work through clusters for collective action.
Dualism and Development
Authors: Azis Iwan J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHistorical ‘source’ of dualism in Indonesia is first discussed, with a particular emphasis on the relevance of Boeke’s concept of dualism. Despite the presence of various policies to address the issue, the inequality between regions in the country is large by international standard. The productivity gap of micro-small enterprises and large businesses are also stark. As policy goals tend to be ambiguous, some proposed measures are not well received by the MSMEs.
Endpoint relations for baryons
Authors: Hiller Gudrun , Zwicky Roman 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Following our earlier work we establish kinematic endpoint relations for baryon decays using the Wigner-Eckart theorem and apply them to $$ \frac{1}{2}\to \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

→

1
2

and $$ \frac{1}{2}\to \frac{3}{2} $$

1
2

→

3
2

baryon transitions. We provide angular distributions at the kinematic endpoint which hold for the generic d = 6 model-independent effective Hamiltonian and comment on the behaviour in the vicinity of the endpoint. Moreover, we verify the endpoint relations, using an explicit form factor parametrisation, and clarify constraints on helicity-based form factors to evidence endpoint relations. Our results provide guidance for phenomenological parameterisations, consistency checks for theory computations and experiment. Results are applicable to ongoing and future new physics searches at LHCb, BES III and Belle II with rare semileptonic-, dineutrino-and charged-modes, which include Λb → Λ(*)ℓℓ, Λb → Λ(*)νν, Ωb → Ωℓℓ, Λc → pℓℓ, Σ → pℓℓ and Λb → $$ {\Lambda}_c^{\left(\ast \right)} $$

Λ
c

∗

ℓν.
Amplituhedron-like geometries
Authors: Dian Gabriele , Heslop Paul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We consider amplituhedron-like geometries which are defined in a similar way to the intrinsic definition of the amplituhedron but with non-maximal winding number. We propose that for the cases with minimal number of points the canonical form of these geometries corresponds to the product of parity conjugate amplitudes at tree as well as loop level. The product of amplitudes in superspace lifts to a star product in bosonised superspace which we give a precise definition of. We give an alternative definition of amplituhedron-like geometries, analogous to the original amplituhedron definition, and also a characterisation as a sum over pairs of on-shell diagrams that we use to prove the conjecture at tree level. The union of all amplituhedron-like geometries has a very simple definition given by only physical inequalities. Although such a union does not give a positive geometry, a natural extension of the standard definition of canonical form, the globally oriented canonical form, acts on this union and gives the square of the amplitude.
Normalization of D-instanton amplitudes
Authors: Sen Ashoke 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
D-instanton amplitudes suffer from various infrared divergences associated with tachyonic or massless open string modes, leading to ambiguous contribution to string amplitudes. It has been shown previously that string field theory can resolve these ambiguities and lead to unambiguous expressions for D-instanton contributions to string amplitudes, except for an overall normalization constant that remains undetermined. In this paper we show that string field theory, together with the world-sheet description of the amplitudes, can also fix this normalization constant. We apply our analysis to the special case of two dimensional string theory, obtaining results in agreement with the matrix model results obtained by Balthazar, Rodriguez and Yin.
Quasinormal modes of a semi-holographic black brane and thermalization
Authors: Mondkar Sukrut , Mukhopadhyay Ayan , Rebhan Anton , Soloviev Alexander 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We study the quasinormal modes and non-linear dynamics of a simplified model of semi-holography, which consistently integrates mutually interacting perturbative and strongly coupled holographic degrees of freedom such that the full system has a total conserved energy. We show that the thermalization of the full system can be parametrically slow when the mutual coupling is weak. For typical homogeneous initial states, we find that initially energy is transferred from the black brane to the perturbative sector, later giving way to complete transfer of energy to the black brane at a slow and constant rate, while the entropy grows monotonically for all time. Larger mutual coupling between the two sectors leads to larger extraction of energy from the black brane by the boundary perturbative system, but also quicker irreversible transfer of energy back to the black brane. The quasinormal modes replicate features of a dissipative system with a softly broken symmetry including the so-called k-gap. Furthermore, when the mutual coupling is below a critical value, there exists a hybrid zero mode with finite momentum which becomes unstable at higher values of momentum, indicating a Gregory-Laflamme type instability. This could imply turbulent equipartitioning of energy between the boundary and the holographic degrees of freedom in the presence of inhomogeneities.
Longitudinal association between smartphone ownership and depression among schoolchildren under COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Adachi Masaki , Takahashi Michio , Shinkawa Hiroki , Mori Hiroyuki , Nishimura Tomoko , Nakamura Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUnder the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns regarding prolonged screen time and mental health effects in children have increased. We examined the association of depression with smartphone ownership in school children at four time points: September 2019, July 2020, December 2020, and March 2021. The analysis revealed an interaction between group and time, indicating that depressive symptoms among smartphone owners were significantly more severe than in the other group. These results were clearer for fourth-year students, pointing that smartphone possession at younger ages may be a risk factor for mental health in the new lifestyle caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Transferability of the working envelope approach for parameter selection and optimization in thin wall WAAM
Authors: Teixeira Felipe Ribeiro , Scotti Fernando Matos , Vilarinho Louriel Oliveira , da Mota Carlos Alberto Mendes , Scotti Américo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis work aims to propose and assess a methodology for parameterization for WAAM of thin walls based on a previously existing working envelope built for a basic material (parameter transferability). This work also aimed at investigating whether the working envelope approach can be used to optimize the parameterization for a target wall width in terms of arc energy (which governs microstructure and microhardness), surface finish and active deposition time. To reach the main objective, first, a reference working envelope was developed through a series of deposited walls with a plain C-Mn steel wire. Wire feed speed (WFS) and travel speed (TS) were treated as independent variables, while the geometric wall features were considered dependent variables. After validation, three combinations of WFS and TS capable of achieving the same effective wall width were deposited with a 2.25Cr-1Mo steel wire. To evaluate the parameter transferability between the two materials, the geometric features of these walls were measured and compared with the predicted values. The results showed minor deviations between the predicted and measured values. As a result, WAAM parameter selection for another material showed to be feasible after only fewer experiments (shorter time and lower resource consumption) from a working envelope previously developed. The usage of the approach to optimize parameterization was also demonstrated. For this case, lower values of WFS and TS were capable of achieving a better surface finish. However, higher WFS and TS are advantageous in terms of production time. As long as the same wall width is maintained, variations in WFS and TS do not significantly affect microstructure and microhardness.
Shock interaction induced heat flux augmentation in hypersonic flows
Authors: Gülhan Ali , Willems Sebastian , Neeb Dominik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper gives a summary of dedicated experiments on the shock interaction induced heat flux augmentation, by means of tests carried out in the hypersonic wind tunnel H2K. The first test case is devoted to the shock boundary layer interaction on a flat plate. The interaction impact has been varied by changing the free stream parameters and the position of the shock generator, i.e. shock impingement point on the plate. The heat flux distribution has been determined using surface temperature data measured by an infrared camera. The heat flux data combined with free stream flow parameters allow calculation of the Stanton number evolution. The second test case is a double sphere configuration with a variable axial and lateral distance between the spheres. This allowed measurements of the heat flux augmentation induced by a shock-shock interaction along the complete frontal surface of the second sphere, which was hit by the bow shock of the first sphere. Shock-shock and shock-boundary layer interaction effects are studied by means of experiments on the IXV flight configuration with double control flaps. Depending on the test configuration and flow parameters, shock interaction induced heat flux augmentation factors up to seven have been measured.

Graphical abstract
Control sets for bilinear and affine systems
Authors: Colonius Fritz , Santana Alexandre J. , Setti Juliana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFor homogeneous bilinear control systems, the control sets are characterized using a Lie algebra rank condition for the induced systems on projective space. This is based on a classical Diophantine approximation result. For affine control systems, the control sets around the equilibria for constant controls are characterized with particular attention to the question when the control sets are unbounded.
When to use a prophylactic mesh after stoma closure: a case–control study
Authors: Ramírez-Giraldo C. , Torres-Cuellar A. , Cala-Noriega C. , Figueroa-Avendaño C. E. , Navarro-Alean J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The closure of a stoma is frequently associated with an acceptable morbidity and mortality. One of the most frequent complications is incisional hernia at the stoma site, which occurs in 20%–40% of cases, higher than incisions in other parts of the abdomen. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with the presentation of incisional hernia after stoma closure, this in order to select patients who are candidates for prophylactic mesh placement during closure.

Methods
An unpaired case–control study was conducted. This study involved 164 patients who underwent a stoma closure between January 2014 and December 2019. Associated factors for the development of incisional hernia at the site of the stoma after closure were identified, for which it was performed a logistic regression analysis.

Results
41 cases and 123 controls were analyzed, with a mean follow-up of 35.21 ± 18.42 months, the mean age for performing the stoma closure was 65.28 ± 14.07 years, the most frequent cause for performing the stoma was malignant disease (65.85%). Risk factor for the development of incisional hernia at the stoma site after its closure was identified as a history of parastomal hernia (OR 5.90, CI95% 1.97–17.68).

Conclusions
The use of prophylactic mesh at stoma closure should be considered in patients with a history of parastomal hernia since these patients present a significantly higher risk of developing a hernia.
Impact on in-hospital mortality of ceftaroline versus standard of care in community-acquired pneumonia: a propensity-matched analysis
Authors: Cilloniz Catia , Mendez Raúl , Peroni Héctor , Garcia-Vidal Carolina , Rico Verónica , Gabarrus Albert , Menéndez Rosario , Torres Antoni , Soriano Alex 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the in-hospital mortality of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treated with ceftaroline in comparison with standard therapy. This was a retrospective observational study in two centers. Hospitalized patients with CAP were grouped according to the empiric regimen (ceftaroline versus standard therapy) and analyzed using a propensity score matching (PSM) method to reduce confounding factors. Out of the 6981 patients enrolled, 5640 met the inclusion criteria, and 89 of these received ceftaroline. After PSM, 78 patients were considered in the ceftaroline group (cases) and 78 in the standard group (controls). Ceftaroline was mainly prescribed in cases with severe pneumonia (67% vs. 56%, p = 0.215) with high suspicion of Staphylococcus aureus infection (9% vs. 0%, p = 0.026). Cases had a longer length of hospital stay (13 days vs. 10 days, p = 0.007), while an increased risk of in-hospital mortality was observed in the control group compared to the case group (13% vs. 21%, HR 0.41; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.62, p = 0.003). The empiric use of ceftaroline in hospitalized patients with severe CAP was associated with a decreased risk of in-hospital mortality.
Beating the market? A mathematical puzzle for market efficiency
Authors: Baumann Michael Heinrich 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe efficient market hypothesis is highly discussed in economic literature. In its strongest form, it states that there are no price trends. When weakening the non-trending assumption to arbitrary short, small, and fully unknown trends, we mathematically prove for a specific class of control-based trading strategies positive expected gains. These strategies are model free, i.e., a trader neither has to think about predictable patterns nor has to estimate market parameters such as the trend’s sign like momentum traders have to do. That means, since the trader does not have to know any trend, even trends too small to find are enough to beat the market. Adjustments for risk and comparisons with buy-and-hold strategies do not satisfactorily solve the problem. In detail, we generalize results from the literature on control-based trading strategies to market settings without specific model assumptions, but with time-varying parameters in discrete and continuous time. We give closed-form formulae for the expected gain as well as the gain’s variance and generalize control-based trading rules to a setting where older information counts less. In addition, we perform an exemplary backtesting study taking transaction costs and bid-ask spreads into account and still observe—on average—positive gains.
Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) for online monitoring of glucose depletion and cell concentrations in HEK 293 gene therapy processes
Authors: Bayer Benjamin , Maccani Andreas , Jahn Johanna , Duerkop Mark , Kapeller Ewald , Pletzenauer Robert , Kraus Barbara , Striedner Gerald , Hernandez Bort Juan A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The applicability of proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) as a versatile online monitoring tool to increase consistency and robustness for recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) producing HEK 293 bioprocesses was evaluated. We present a structured workflow to extract process relevant information from PTR-MS data.

Results
Reproducibility of volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements was demonstrated with spiking experiments and the process data sets used for applicability evaluation consisted of HEK 293 cell culture triplicates with and without transfection. The developed data workflow enabled the identification of six VOCs, of which two were used to develop a soft sensor providing better real-time estimates than the conventional capacitance sensor. Acetaldehyde, another VOC, provides online process information about glucose depletion that can directly be used for process control purposes.

Conclusions
The potential of PTR-MS for HEK 293 cell culture monitoring has been shown. VOC data derived information can be used to develop soft sensors and to directly set up new process control strategies.
A screening system to predict wildfire risk of invasive plants
Authors: Faccenda Kevin , Daehler Curtis C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGlobally, invasive plant-fueled wildfires have tremendous environmental, economical, and societal impacts, and the frequencies of wildfires and plant invasions are on an upward trend globally. Identifying which plant species tend to increase the frequency or severity of wildfire is important to help manage their impacts. We developed a screening system to identify introduced plant species that are likely to increase wildfire risk, using the Hawaiian Islands to test the system and illustrate how the system can be applied to inform management decisions. Expert-based fire risk scores derived from field experiences with 49 invasive species in Hawai′i were used to train a machine learning model that predicts expert fire risk scores from among 21 plant traits obtained from literature and databases. The model revealed that just four variables can identify species categorized as higher fire risk by experts with 90% accuracy, while low risk species were identified with 79% accuracy. We then used the predictive model to screen > 140 recently naturalized plants in Hawai′i to illustrate how the screening tool can be applied. The screening tool identified a managebly small set of species (6% of naturalizations in the last ~ 10 years) that are likely to pose a high fire risk and can be targeted for eradication or containment to reduce future wildfire risks. Because the screening system uses general plant traits that are likely relevant to fire risk in drylands around the world, it can likely be applied with minimal modification to other regions where invasive plants pose potential fire risks.
Canadian demand and access to corneal transplantation: a provincial comparison
Authors: Humphreys Christine , Maru Kyle , Yeung Sonia N. , Rocha Guillermo , Chan Clara C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo gather information from stakeholders involved in corneal donation and transplantation to inform discussion at the “National Consensus Forum on Improving Cornea Donation and Transplantation Access in Canada” held in February 2020, survey questions were posed to eye banks, transplanting ophthalmologists and organ donation organizations across Canada to learn more about demand, wait times, and access to tissue for transplant. The survey response rate was one hundred percent (100%) for eye banks and organ donation organizations while 64 percent (64%) of transplant ophthalmologists provided feedback. A number of opportunities for improvement were identified including: demand forecasting; infrastructure and strategies to align supply with demand; data collection and benchmarking of wait times for assessment and transplant to support consistency, equitability and transparency in access; and national collaboration in the development of a data strategy to accurately measure demand and access to cornea transplants in a consistent manner across all provinces to facilitate equity in access nationally.
Understanding Matchmakers’ Experiences, Principles and Practices of Assembling Innovation Teams
Authors: Koivunen Sami , Olshannikova Ekaterina , Olsson Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe team composition of a project team is an essential determinant of the success of innovation projects that aim to produce novel solution ideas. Team assembly is essentially complex and sensitive decision-making, yet little supported by information technology (IT). In order to design appropriate digital tools for team assembly, and team formation more broadly, we call for profoundly understanding the practices and principles of matchmakers who manually assemble teams in specific contexts. This paper reports interviews with 13 expert matchmakers who are regularly assembling multidisciplinary innovation teams in various organizational environments in Finland. Based on qualitative analysis of their experiences, we provide insights into their established practices and principles in team assembly. We conceptualize and describe common tactical approaches on different typical levels of team assembly, including arranging approaches like “key-skills-first”, “generalist-first” and “topic-interest-first”, and balancing approaches like “equally-skilled-teams” and “high-expertise-teams”. The reported empirical insights can help to design IT systems that support team assembly according to different tactics.