bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between 19‐year trends in medication use and changes in physical function among women in the mid‐life: A Study of Women's Health Across the Nation pharmacoepidemiology study
Authors: Solomon Daniel H. , Santacroce Leah , Colvin Alicia , Lian Yinjuan , Ruppert Kristine , Yoshida Kazuki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeMedication side effects are a major concern in aging adults who report using an increasing number of medications. The relationship between accumulating medication use and physical function has not been examined in a longitudinal cohort.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal cohort study using prospectively collected data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Community‐dwelling women from five US cities were followed for up to 20 years. The exposure of interest was the number of prescription medications. They were examined as a count variable and then for specific categories of medication. The outcome of interest was physical function measured repeatedly using the short form (SF)‐36 physical function (PF) scale. Linear mixed models, using repeated measures of sociodemographics and comorbidities were assessed.Results1452 participants qualified for the analyses with a median follow‐up of 19.2 years. At baseline, the mean age was 46.5 years and 53.5% reported White race. Fully adjusted models demonstrated a reduction in the SF‐36 PF of 0.99 for each additional prescription medication used or a 6.14‐point reduction for women reporting more than five medications and an 8.92‐point reduction among those reporting more than 10 medications. These results were similar across race and ethnicity. Specific medication categories with a significant and largely negative impact (at least a two‐point reduction) on physical component score included beta‐blockers, analgesics, glucocorticoids, anticonvulsants, anxiolytics, anticoagulants, and anti‐depressants.ConclusionsThere is a moderate association between increasing medication use and decreasing physical function among women transitioning through the mid‐life.
Impact of the occurrence probability of carbon black agglomerates on the measured and predicted durability of filled elastomers
Authors: El Yaagoubi Mohammed , Meier Jens 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis work analyses the impact of the sample geometry on the stress or strain concentration and the occurrence of big agglomerates in the investigated test volume. Although the three investigated dumbbell test specimens were loaded at the same stress level, there were significant differences in measured lifetime. These differences in the lifetime are due to the occurrence of the large agglomerates in the tested volume. The probability of occurrence of large agglomerates increases with increase in the investigated volume. In the lifetime prediction by Monte Carlo method, this effect is realized by changing the quantity of the distributed agglomerates in the mesh of the simulated model. The prediction of the different sample geometries shows a very good agreement with the measurement points. The numerical simulations illustrate the stress increase for the three used lifetime test samples.
Structure of prion β‐oligomers as determined by short‐distance crosslinking constraint‐guided discrete molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Serpa Jason J. , Popov Konstantin I. , Petrotchenko Evgeniy V. , Dokholyan Nikolay V. , Borchers Christoph H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe conversion of the native monomeric cellular prion protein (PrPC) into an aggregated pathological β‐oligomeric form (PrPβ) and an infectious form (PrPSc) is the central element in the development of prion diseases. The structure of the aggregates and the molecular mechanisms of the conformational changes involved in the conversion are still unknown. We applied mass spectrometry combined with chemical crosslinking, hydrogen/deuterium exchange, limited proteolysis, and surface modification for the differential characterization of the native and the urea+acid‐converted prion β‐oligomer structures to obtain insights into the mechanisms of conversion and aggregation. For the determination of the structure of the monomer and the dimer unit of the β‐oligomer, we applied a recently‐developed approach for de novo protein structure determination which is based on the incorporation of zero‐length and short‐distance crosslinking data as intra‐ and inter‐protein constraints in discrete molecular dynamics simulations (CL‐DMD). Based on all of the structural‐proteomics experimental data and the computationally predicted structures of the monomer units, we propose the potential mode of assembly of the β‐oligomer. The proposed β‐oligomer assembly provides a clue on the β‐sheet nucleation site, and how template‐based conversion of the native prion molecule occurs, growth of the prion aggregates, and maturation into fibrils may occur.
Quantitative proteomic analysis of the effects of dietary deprivation of methionine and cystine on A549 xenograft and A549 xenograft‐bearing mouse
Authors: Yang Hao , Zheng Haoyang , Pan Yue , Zhang Weiguo , Yang Mengjing , Du Huiling , Yu Anan , Li Ping , Chen Xiaoyan , Xie Wei , Ren Kaiming , Zhao Ying , Wang Tianjiao , He Xiaoyan , Zhou Zhaoli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMethionine (Met) and cystine (CySS) are key sulfur donors in cell metabolism and are important nutrients for sustaining tumor growth; however, the molecular effects associated with their deprivation remain to be characterized. Here, we applied a xenograft mouse model to assess the impact of their deprivation on A549 xenografts and the xenograft‐bearing animal. Results show that Met and CySS deprivation inhibits A549 growth in vitro, not in vivo. Deprivation was detrimental to the xenograft‐bearing mouse, as demonstrated by weight loss and renal dysfunction. Differentially expressed proteins in A549 xenograft and mouse kidneys were characterized using quantitative proteomics. Functional annotation and protein–protein interaction network analysis revealed the enriched signaling pathways, including focal adhesion (Fn1) in the A549 xenograft, and xenobiotic metabolism (Cyp2e1) and glutathione metabolism (Ggt1) in the mouse kidney. Met and CySS deprivation inhibits the migratory and invasive properties of cancer cells, as evidenced by reduced expression of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition marker N‐cadherin in A549 cells in vitro. Moreover, IGFBP1 protein expression was inhibited in both A549 xenograft and mouse kidneys. This study provides the first insights into changes within the proteome profile and biological processes upon Met and CySS deprivation in a A549 xenograft mouse model.
Temporal dynamics of protein and post‐translational modification abundances in Populus leaf across a diurnal period
Authors: Shrestha Him K. , Solis Manuel I. Villalobos , Jawdy Sara S. , Tuskan Gerald A. , Yang Xiaohan , Abraham Paul E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPopulus spp. are dedicated woody biomass feedstocks for advanced biofuels and bioproducts. Proper growth and fitness of poplar as a sustainable feedstock depends on timely perception and response to environmental signals (e.g., light, temperature, water). Poplar leaves, like other C3 photosynthesis plants, have evolved oscillating or circadian rhythms that play important roles in synchronizing biological processes with external cues. To characterize this phenomenon at a molecular level, we employed bottom‐up proteomics using high‐resolution mass spectrometry and de novo‐assisted database searching to identify abundance changes in proteins and post‐translational modifications in poplar leaf tissue sampled across a 12/12‐hour light/dark diurnal period.
Non‐target‐site resistance mechanism of barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus‐galli (L.) P. Beauv.] to florpyrauxifen‐benzyl
Authors: Hwang Jeong‐In , Norsworthy Jason K , González‐Torralva Fidel , Priess Grant L , Barber L Tom , Butts Thomas R 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDFlorpyrauxifen‐benzyl (FPB) is an arylpicolinate herbicide (Group IV) for barnyardgrass control in rice. One susceptible (Sus) and three putative FPB‐resistant (R1, R2, and R3) barnyardgrass biotypes were selected based on resistant/susceptible (R/S) ratios obtained from dose–response tests and used to investigate the potential resistance mechanisms.RESULTSBased on visual control results, the R/S ratios of barnyardgrass biotypes R1, R2, and R3 were 60‐, 33‐, and 16‐fold greater than the Sus standard, respectively. Sequencing results of TIR1 and AFB genes in the tested barnyardgrass revealed no difference between Sus and R barnyardgrass biotypes. Absorption of [14C]‐FPB in Sus barnyardgrass increased over time and reached 90%, which was >10 percentage points greater than that in R biotypes. The [14C]‐FPB absorption in all R barnyardgrass equilibrated after 48 h. For both Sus and R barnyardgrass, most [14C]‐FPB absorbed was present in the treated leaf (79.8–88.8%), followed by untreated aboveground (9.5–18.6%) and belowground tissues (1.3–2.2%). No differences in translocation were observed. Differences between Sus and R barnyardgrass biotypes were found for FPB metabolism. Production of the active metabolite, florpyrauxifen‐acid, was greater in Sus barnyardgrass (21.5–52.1%) than in R barnyardgrass (5.5–34.9%).CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, reductions in FPB absorption and florpyrauxifen‐acid production may contribute to the inability to control barnyardgrass with FPB. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Cross‐valley vortices in the Inn valley, Austria: Structure, evolution and governing force imbalances
Authors: Babić Nevio , Adler Bianca , Gohm Alexander , Kalthoff Norbert , Haid Maren , Lehner Manuela , Ladstätter Paul , Rotach Mathias W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExchange of momentum and scalars in the mountain boundary layer is achieved through an interaction of meso‐to‐microscale motions, occurring to varying extents depending on the combined effect of thermally driven as well as dynamically driven forcings. One such motion, known as a secondary circulation, results from a horizontal force imbalance across a curved valley segment, wherein the centrifugal force towards the outside of the valley bend can create a pressure gradient force in the opposite direction. The lack of adequate measurement strategies capable of sampling such motions in curved mountain valleys explains the near‐absence of any observational evidence of secondary circulations there. The goal of the CROSSINN (Cross‐valley flow in the Inn valley investigated by dual‐Doppler lidar measurements) campaign, conducted in a curved segment of the Inn valley, Austria, was to determine the character of the cross‐valley flow by means of a coplanar retrieval applied to a multi‐Doppler wind lidar configuration. A signature of a secondary circulation, hereafter referred to as a cross‐valley vortex, stood out particularly during intense daytime upvalley flow episodes. Vortices were detected on 23 upvalley wind days, with a declining frequency of occurrence from August to October. Nearly all identified vortices were marked by a low‐level upvalley jet, a clockwise wind direction turning with height, and a cessation of upvalley flow at the local ridgeline level. The routinely sampled coplanar‐retrieved cross‐valley wind field enabled the quantification of more advanced parameters based on vorticity, revealing a faster spin rate of the vortex around its streamwise axis given a stronger upvalley flow, and a period of revolution on the order of several tens of minutes. A detailed inspection of the lateral momentum budget and associated uncertainties confirmed the importance of the relationship between the centrifugal and the pressure gradient force for the cross‐valley vortex occurrence in a curved valley.
Passive acoustic monitoring reveals the role of habitat affinity in sensitivity of sub‐tropical East Asian bats to fragmentation
Authors: López‐Bosch David , Rocha Ricardo , López‐Baucells Adrià , Wang Yanping , Si Xingfeng , Ding Ping , Gibson Luke , Palmeirim Ana Filipa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHydropower infrastructure represents a major driver of habitat loss and insular fragmentation worldwide, mostly across the tropics and sub‐tropics. Despite growing evidence of dam‐induced impacts on biodiversity, the effects of insular habitat fragmentation on species assemblages remain poorly understood, particularly for East Asian vertebrates. Here, we assess how insectivorous bats respond to forest fragmentation in Thousand Island Lake, a mega‐hydroelectric dam in East China. Bat assemblages were surveyed across 36 land‐bridge islands of different sizes and degrees of isolation, using AudioMoth recorders. Echolocation calls were classified into sonotypes, each corresponding to either single or multiple species, which were further classified according to their habitat affinities into forest or open‐space foragers. Based on 22 875 five‐min recordings from 108 detector‐nights, we recorded 15 bat sonotypes, eight of which we classified as forest sonotypes (2329 bat passes) and seven as open‐space sonotypes (52 277 bat passes). Overall, sonotype richness increased with island area, but only above a certain threshold (34 ha). Habitat affinity played an important role in ensemble‐level responses to fragmentation; forest sonotype richness increased with island area, whereas open‐space sonotype activity was higher in more isolated islands. Our results highlight the relevance of particularly large fragments (>1000 ha) to maintain area‐sensitive forest bat species. However, islands below 34 ha in size and those more isolated from the mainland are also of conservation value as they, correspondingly, harbour a variable (but substantial) number of species and concentrate higher activity of open‐space foragers. These findings further demonstrate that acoustic sampling methods, as the one presented here, are able to provide key information for evidence‐based policies aimed at halting the ongoing wave of dam‐induced biodiversity loss.
Growing pains: The effect of generational product innovation on mobile games performance
Authors: Chen Liang , Zhang Pengxiang , Li Sali , Turner Scott F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch SummaryStrategy research advises firms to capture generative value by continually introducing generational improvements on their existing products. This article considers a potential dark side of such strategy. We argue that generational innovation can elicit a negative near‐term response from customers, as it distorts their ingrained behavioral patterns and imposes learning costs. Further, we propose that this negative effect of generational innovation will diminish when the product has a leading market position; and it will be more severe as the product's technological legacy lengthens. Using a difference‐in‐differences research design based on mobile game apps that multihome on two platforms, we find supportive evidence for our hypotheses and discuss the corresponding implications for strategy and technology innovation literature.MAnagerial SummaryFirms are advised to capture the value in future innovations that are spawned from their existing innovation, and they can do so by releasing improved generations of current products. This article examines a potential dark side of such strategy—that generational innovation could alienate existing customers by unsettling their ingrained behavioral patterns. Utilizing a unique dataset of mobile game apps, we find evidence of this negative effect, which tends to be weaker for market leaders but more damaging for those having already experienced numerous generational changes.
The history and future of projects as a transition innovation: Towards a sustainable project management framework
Authors: Sankaran Shankar , Jacobsson Mattias , Blomquist Tomas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProject management practices have evolved as the discipline grew from managing defence and engineering projects to delivering information systems, supporting organizational transformation, and managing megaprojects supporting national infrastructure needs. Thus, from starting as a tactical tool, project management grew to deliver organizational and national strategies. The next challenge for project management is to support the achievement of sustainable development goals to tackle societal challenges. How can it do this? In this article, we chart a way forward for project management to contribute to global sustainability by tracing the history of projects from prehistoric times to the 21st. We outline the development using the lens of socio‐technical transitions to analyse technological niches developed to advance the field, and socio‐technical regimes that have supported the development of project management to adopt these technological niches to meet changes that appear at the landscape level. By analysing the history of projects and project management, we argue that the discipline has continuously evolved as a transition innovation that can meet the challenges posed by sustainable development. However, further investigation is required. A sustainable development framework has been proposed in this article to enable project management researchers and managers to achieve this transition.
Multitrait machine‐ and deep‐learning models for genomic selection using spectral information in a wheat breeding program
Authors: Sandhu Karansher , Patil Shruti Sunil , Pumphrey Michael , Carter Arron 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPrediction of breeding values is central to plant breeding and has been revolutionized by the adoption of genomic selection (GS). Use of machine‐ and deep‐learning algorithms applied to complex traits in plants can improve prediction accuracies. Because of the tremendous increase in collected data in breeding programs and the slow rate of genetic gain increase, it is required to explore the potential of artificial intelligence in analyzing the data. The main objectives of this study include optimization of multitrait (MT) machine‐ and deep‐learning models for predicting grain yield and grain protein content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using spectral information. This study compares the performance of four machine‐ and deep‐learning‐based unitrait (UT) and MT models with traditional genomic best linear unbiased predictor (GBLUP) and Bayesian models. The dataset consisted of 650 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a spring wheat breeding program grown for three years (2014–2016), and spectral data were collected at heading and grain filling stages. The MT‐GS models performed 0–28.5 and −0.04 to 15% superior to the UT‐GS models. Random forest and multilayer perceptron were the best performing machine‐ and deep‐learning models to predict both traits. Four explored Bayesian models gave similar accuracies, which were less than machine‐ and deep‐learning‐based models and required increased computational time. Green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI) best predicted grain protein content in seven out of the nine MT‐GS models. Overall, this study concluded that machine‐ and deep‐learning‐based MT‐GS models increased prediction accuracy and should be employed in large‐scale breeding programs.
Identification of anthracnose race 1 resistance loci in lentil by integrating linkage mapping and genome‐wide association study
Authors: Gela Tadesse , Ramsay Larissa , Haile Teketel A. , Vandenberg Albert , Bett Kirstin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAnthracnose, caused byColletotrichum lentis, is a devastating disease of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) in western Canada. Growing resistant lentil cultivars is the most cost‐effective and environmentally friendly approach to prevent seed yield losses that can exceed 70%. To identify loci conferring resistance to anthracnose race 1 in lentil, biparental quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations was integrated with a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) using 200 diverse lentil accessions from a lentil diversity panel. A major‐effect QTL (qAnt1.Lc‐3) conferring resistance to race 1 was mapped to lentil chromosome 3 and colocated on the lentil physical map for both RIL populations. Clusters of candidate nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat (NB‐LRR) and other defense‐related genes were uncovered within the QTL region. A GWAS detected 14 significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with race 1 resistance on chromosomes 3, 4, 5, and 6. The most significant GWAS SNPs on chromosome 3 supported qAnt1.Lc‐3 and delineated a region of 1.6 Mb containing candidate resistance genes. The identified SNP markers can be directly applied in marker‐assisted selection (MAS) to accelerate the introgression of race 1 resistance in lentil breeding.
Gain from genomic selection for a selection index in two‐row spring barley
Authors: Sweeney Daniel W. , Rooney Travis E. , Sorrells Mark E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNew breeding programs are faced with many challenges including evaluation of unknown germplasm, initiation of breeding populations that will satisfy short‐ and long‐term breeding goals, and implementation of efficient phenotyping strategies for multiple traits. Genomic selection (GS) is a potentially valuable tool for recently established breeding programs to quickly accelerate genetic gain. Genomic selection on selection index (SI) values may increase gain over phenotypic selection but empirical studies remain limited. We compared gain in overall SI value for height, heading date, preharvest sprouting (PHS) resistance, and spot blotch resistance and component traits in two cycles of GS with one round of phenotypic selection (PS) in two‐row spring malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Higher realized gain for SI value, height, and PHS was observed with GS compared with PS but GS did not result in significant gain for heading date and spot blotch. Genetic variances for height and heading date, which had small index weights, were not reduced with GS but variances were substantially reduced for heavily weighted PHS and correlated seed germination traits. Inbreeding was increased by GS compared with PS but restricted mating of high breeding value individuals limited potential inbreeding. Our results indicate GS is a useful method to improve selection on index values with different weights.