bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 VOC Gamma in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Moreira Filipe Romero Rebello , D’arc Mirela , Mariani Diana , Herlinger Alice Laschuk , Schiffler Francine Bittencourt , Rossi Átila Duque , Leitão Isabela de Carvalho , Miranda Thamiris dos Santos , Cosentino Matheus Augusto Calvano , Tôrres Marcelo Calado de Paula , da Costa Raíssa Mirella dos Santos Cunha , Gonçalves Cássia Cristina Alves , Faffe Débora Souza , Galliez Rafael Mello , Junior Orlando da Costa Ferreira , Aguiar Renato Santana , Dos Santos André Felipe Andrade , Voloch Carolina Moreira , Castiñeiras Terezinha Marta Pereira Pinto , Tanuri Amilcar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The emergence and widespread circulation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants of concern (VOCs) or interest impose an enhanced threat to global public health. In Brazil, one of the countries most severely impacted throughout the pandemic, a complex dynamics involving variants co-circulation and turnover events has been recorded with the emergence and spread of VOC Gamma in Manaus in late 2020. In this context, we present a genomic epidemiology investigation based on samples collected between December 2020 and May 2021 in the second major Brazilian metropolis, Rio de Janeiro. By sequencing 244 novel genomes through all epidemiological weeks in this period, we were able to document the introduction and rapid dissemination of VOC Gamma in the city, driving the rise of the third local epidemic wave. Molecular clock analysis indicates that this variant has circulated locally since the first weeks of 2021 and only 7 weeks were necessary for it to achieve a frequency above 70 per cent, consistent with rates of growth observed in Manaus and other states. Moreover, a Bayesian phylogeographic reconstruction indicates that VOC Gamma spread throughout Brazil between December 2020 and January 2021 and that it was introduced in Rio de Janeiro through at least 13 events coming from nearly all regions of the country. Comparative analysis of reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) cycle threshold (Ct) values provides further evidence that VOC Gamma induces higher viral loads (N1 target; mean reduction of Ct: 2.7, 95 per cent confidence interval = ± 0.7). This analysis corroborates the previously proposed mechanistic basis for this variant-enhanced transmissibility and distinguished epidemiological behavior. Our results document the evolution of VOC Gamma and provide independent assessment of scenarios previously studied in Manaus, therefore contributing to the better understanding of the epidemiological dynamics currently being surveyed in other Brazilian regions.
Retirement Adjustment in Germany From 1996 to 2014
Authors: Henning Georg , Johansson Boo , Lindwall Magnus , Huxhold Oliver 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The context of retirement has changed over the last decades, but there is little knowledge on whether the quality of retirement adjustment has changed as well. Changes in retirement regulations and historical differences in resources may affect the quality of adjustment and increase inequalities between different socioeconomic groups. In the present study, we investigated historical differences in retirement adjustment by comparing cross-sectional samples of retirees from 1996, 2002, 2008, and 2014, based on the population-based German Ageing Survey. Adjustment was measured with three different indicators (perceived change in life after retirement, retirement satisfaction, adjustment difficulties). Retirement satisfaction was higher in later samples, but for the other two outcomes, there was no evidence for systematic increases or decreases in levels of retirement adjustment with historical time over the studied period. White-collar workers reported better adjustment than blue-collar workers did, and for two of three outcomes, this effect was stable over time. The white-collar workers’ advantage concerning retirement satisfaction, however, increased. We conclude that in Germany, at least for those who retire within the usual time window, adjustment quality has not changed systematically over the examined 18-year period. We only found mixed evidence for a growing social inequality in the retirement adjustment. However, as individual agency in choosing one’s retirement timing and pathway is increasingly restricted, social inequalities in well-being before retirement may increase.
Phylogenetic analyses of a new freshwater amphipod reveal polyphyly within the Holarctic family Crangonyctidae, with revision of the genus Synurella
Authors: Cannizzaro Andrew G , Daniels James D , Berg David J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A new genus and species of crangonyctid amphipod, Sicifera cahawba gen. & sp. nov., is described from Dallas County, AL, USA, based on both morphological and molecular comparison with similar crangonyctids. These data, with the application of four species delimitation models, identify the taxon as distinct when compared with related species. Nearctic members of the crangonyctid genus Synurella form a separate, well-supported monophyletic lineage when compared with Palaearctic members, which differ considerably in both molecular and morphological markers. Nearctic members, with the exception of the enigmatic Synurella (Eosynurella) johanseni, are placed in the newly erected Sicifera. The separation of these two genera implies that Palaearctic and Nearctic crangonyctid lineages might not be as closely related as once thought, and their evolutionary and biogeographical history requires further review. In addition, a key to Nearctic members of the genera Eosynurella/Sicifera is presented to aid in future identification.
Pressure Injury Prevention for Complex Cardiovascular Patients in the Operating Room and Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Pittman Joyce , Horvath Dawn , Beeson Terrie , Bailey Karrie , Mills Annie , Kaiser Laura , Hall Deborah K. , Sweeney Jennifer 
Published: September 2021

PURPOSE:
The purpose of our project was to examine the effect of an alternating pressure (AP) overlay on hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) in high-risk cardiovascular surgical patients.

PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING:
This quality improvement (QI) initiative was conducted in a core group of 8 cardiovascular operating room (OR) suites and 1 cardiovascular surgical critical intensive care unit (ICU) in a large Indiana-based academic hospital. The sample comprised adult patients who underwent complex cardiovascular surgical procedures and those in the cardiovascular surgical ICU with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), ventricular assistive device (VAD), and undergoing heart and/or lung transplant, or open chest procedures.

APPROACH:
The AP overlay was placed on OR cardiovascular foam surfaces and on selected ICU support surfaces for patients who met inclusion criteria. We used a pre/postcomparative QI design to assess outcomes including OR-related HAPI rates, ICU aggregate unit HAPI data, related costs, and staff satisfaction during the 3-month project period.

OUTCOMES:
Operating room-related HAPIs were reduced from 8/71 (11%) preintervention to 0/147 (0%) postintervention (P = .008), resulting in a cost avoidance of $323,048 and positive staff satisfaction (mean = 3.85; 1- to 4-point Likert scale). No adverse outcomes occurred. Although not significant, ICU HAPI rates decreased from 10 to 7 pre/postintervention (P = .29), demonstrating a 14% HAPI reduction with a cost avoidance of $121,143. The ICU incidence density decreased from 3.57 to 3.24; however, there was no decrease in ICU monthly unit prevalence. Critical care staff satisfaction was positive (mean = 2.95; 1- to 4-point Likert scale) with most staff members preferring the AP overlay to a fluid immersion surface. A cost savings of 48% (AP overlay vs fluid immersion rental) was identified in the ICU.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:
We achieved fewer HAPIs and reduced costs and observed positive staff satisfaction, along with no adverse events with the use of the AP overlay. Further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of this device for this pressure injury prevention option for immobile patients in both the OR and the ICU.
First experiences of whole-head OP-MEG recordings from a patient with Epilepsy
Authors: Mellor Stephanie , Vivekananda Umesh , O’Neill George C. , Tierney Tim M. , Doig David , Seymour Robert A. , Alexander Nicholas , Walker Matthew C. , Barnes Gareth R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOptically Pumped Magnetometer based Magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) has significant potential for clinical use in pre-surgical planning in epilepsy. Unlike current clinical MEG, the sensors do not require cryogenic cooling and so can be placed directly on the patient’s head. This allows the patient to move during the recording and means that the sensor positions can be chosen to suit the patient’s head shape and suspected epileptogenic focus. However, OP-MEG is a new technology, and more work is needed to demonstrate this potential. We present OP-MEG recordings from a patient (male in their 30s) with a radiologically identifiable focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in the right superior frontal sulcus approximately 1.9 cm3 in volume. Previous scalp EEG studies and prolonged video-EEG telemetry did not identify any interictal epileptiform abnormalities. We recorded 30 minutes of OP-MEG with 62-channel, whole-head sensor coverage. During the experiment, the patient’s head was unconstrained. We localised interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) from this recording with a beamformer and by fitting a dipole to the averaged IED data. Both the beamformer peak and dipole fit locations were within 2.3 cm of the MRI lesion boundary. This single subject, proof-of-concept recording provides further evidence that OP-MEG can be a useful and minimally invasive tool in the clinical evaluation of epilepsy.
Correlation of mitochondrial TOM core complex stop-and-go and open-closed channel dynamics
Authors: Wang Shuo , Findeisen Lukas , Leptihn Sebastian , Wallace Mark I. , Hörning Marcel , Nussberger Stephan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe role of lateral diffusion of proteins in the membrane in the context of function has not been examined extensively. Here, we explore the relationship between protein lateral diffusion and channel activity of the general protein import pore of mitochondria (TOM-CC). Optical ion flux sensing through single TOM-CC molecules shows that TOM-CC can occupy three ion permeability states. Whereas freely diffusing TOM-CC molecules are preferentially found in a high permeability state, physical tethering to an agarose support causes the channels to transition to intermediate and low permeability states. This data shows that combinatorial opening and closing of the two pores of TOM-CC correlates with lateral protein diffusion in the membrane plane, and that the complex has mechanosensitive-like properties. This is the first demonstration of β-barrel protein mechanosensitivity, and has direct conceptual consequences for the understanding of the process of mitochondrial protein import. Our approach provides a novel tool to simultaneously study the interplay of membrane protein diffusion and channel dynamics.
Single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of spinal cord neuron in human
Authors: Zhang Donghang , Wei Yiyong , Liu Jin , Chen Hongjun , Li Jin , Zhu Tao , Zhou Cheng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDespite the recognized importance of spinal cord in sensory processing, motor behaviors and/or neural diseases, the underlying neuronal clusters remain elusive. Recently, several studies attempted to define the neuronal types and functional heterogeneity in spinal cord using single cell and/or single-nucleus RNA-sequencing in varied animal models. However, the molecular evidence of neuronal heterogeneity in human spinal cord has not been established yet. Here we sought to classify spinal cord neurons from human donors by high-throughput single-nucleus RNA-sequencing. The functional heterogeneity of identified cell types and signaling pathways that connecting neuronal subtypes were explored. Moreover, we also compared human results with previous single-cell transcriptomic profiles of mouse spinal cord. As a result, we generated the first comprehensive atlas of human spinal cord neurons and defined 18 neuronal clusters. In addition to identification of the new and functionally-distinct neuronal subtypes, our results also provide novel marker genes for previously known neuronal types. The comparation with mouse transcriptomic profiles revealed an overall similarity in the cellular composition of spinal cord between the two species. In summary, these results illustrate the complexity and diversity of neuronal types in human spinal cord and will provide an important resource for future researches to explore the molecular mechanism underlying several spinal cord physiology and diseases.
Muscle group specific transcriptomic and DNA methylation differences related to developmental patterning in FSHD
Authors: Williams Katherine , Kong Xiangduo , Nguyen Nam Viet , McGill Cassandra , Tawil Rabi , Yokomori Kyoko , Mortazavi Ali 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMuscle groups throughout the body are specialized in function and are specified during development by position specific gene regulatory networks. In developed tissue, myopathies affect muscle groups differently. Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, FSHD, affects upper body and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles earlier and more severely than others such as quadriceps. To investigate an epigenetic basis for susceptibility of certain muscle groups to disease, we perform DNA methylation and RNA sequencing on primary patient derived myoblasts from TA and quadricep for both control and FSHD2 as well as RNA-seq for myoblasts from FSHD1 deltoid, bicep and TA over a time course of differentiation. We find that TA and quadricep retain methylation and expression differences in transcription factors that are key to muscle group specification during embryogenesis. FSHD2 patients have differences in DNA methylation and expression related to SMCHD1 mutations and FGF signaling. Genes induced specifically in FSHD are more highly expressed in commonly affected muscle groups. We find a set of genes that distinguish more susceptible muscle groups including development-associated TFs and genes involved in WNT signaling. Adult muscle groups therefore retain transcriptional and DNA methylation differences associated with development, which may contribute to susceptibility in FSHD.
Osteoblasts pattern endothelium and somatosensory axons during zebrafish caudal fin organogenesis
Authors: Bump Rosalind G. , Goo Camille E. A. , Horton Emma C. , Rasmussen Jeffrey P. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSkeletal elements frequently associate with vasculature and somatosensory nerves, which regulate bone development and homeostasis. However, the deep, internal location of bones in many vertebrates has limited in vivo exploration of the neurovascular-bone relationship. Here, we use the zebrafish caudal fin, an optically accessible organ formed of repeating bony ray skeletal units, to determine the cellular relationship between nerves, bones, and endothelium. In adults, we establish the presence of somatosensory axons running through the inside of the bony fin rays, juxtaposed with osteoblasts on the inner hemiray surface. During development, we show the caudal fin progresses through sequential stages of endothelial plexus formation, bony ray addition, ray innervation, and endothelial remodeling. Surprisingly, the initial stages of fin morphogenesis proceed normally in animals lacking either fin endothelium or somatosensory nerves. Instead, we find that sp7+ osteoblasts are required for endothelial remodeling and somatosensory axon innervation in the developing fin. Overall, this study demonstrates that the proximal neurovascular-bone relationship in the adult caudal fin is established during fin organogenesis and suggests that ray-associated osteoblasts pattern axons and endothelium.Summary statementAnalysis of cellular interdependence during caudal fin development reveals roles for osteoblasts in patterning endothelium and somatosensory axon innervation.
Regulation of Blos1 by IRE1 prevents the accumulation of Huntingtin protein aggregates
Authors: Bae Donghwi , Jones Rachel Elizabeth , Piscopo Katherine M. , Tyagi Mitali , Shepherd Jason D. , Hollien Julie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHuntington’s disease is characterized by accumulation of the aggregation-prone mutant Huntingtin (mHTT) protein. Here, we show that expression of mHTT in mouse cultured cells activates IRE1, the transmembrane sensor of stress in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to degradation of the Blos1 mRNA and repositioning of lysosomes and late endosomes toward the microtubule organizing center. Overriding Blos1 degradation results in excessive accumulation of mHTT aggregates in both cultured cells and primary neurons. Although mHTT is degraded by macroautophagy when highly expressed, we show that prior to the formation of large aggregates, mHTT is degraded via an ESCRT-dependent, macroautophagy-independent pathway consistent with endosomal microautophagy. This pathway is enhanced by Blos1 degradation and appears to protect cells from a toxic, less aggregated form of mHTT.Condensed titleBlos1 regulation protects from Huntingtin aggregationShort summaryHere the authors demonstrate that the regulation of Blos1 by the unfolded protein response prevents the excessive accumulation of Huntingtin, the protein that underlies Huntington’s disease. This pathway involves the macroautophagy-independent degradation of Huntingtin prior to its forming large aggregates.
The Mediating Role of SES on the Relationship between Pregnancy History and Later Life Cognition
Authors: Giudicessi Averi J. , Saelzler Ursula G. , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Posis Alexander Ivan B. , Sundermann Erin , Banks Sarah J. , Panizzon Matthew S. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe association of pregnancy with later life cognition is not well understood. Few studies address the potential confounding role of socioeconomic factors on this relationship. We examined whether pregnancy was associated with cognitive function in a large, population-based sample of post-menopausal women and the potential mediating effects of education level and federal income-to-poverty ratio (PIR) on this relationship.MethodsParticipants were 1,016 post-menopausal women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We utilized data from two study waves between years 2011-2014. Cognitive functioning was evaluated by: Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Animal Fluency (AF), Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease CERAD word learning task (CERAD-WL) and CERAD delayed recall (CERAD-DR). Lifetime education level and federal income-to-poverty ratio (PIR) were examined as mediating factors. Regression models were used to examine the relationship between number of term pregnancies and incomplete pregnancies and cognitive performance.ResultsA greater number of term pregnancies was related to worse performance on the DSST (p < .001), CERAD-DR (p < .007), and AF (p < .03). Conversely, greater incomplete pregnancies related to better CERAD-DR performance (p < .03). Significant associations between term pregnancies and cognitive scores were mediated by PIR but not education level.ConclusionsHigher number of term pregnancies was associated with worse cognitive performance, whereas higher number of incomplete pregnancies was associated with better cognitive performance. Results indicate the necessity to consider SES factors when studying the relationship between pregnancy and cognition.
Full genomeNobecovirussequences from Malagasy fruit bats define a unique evolutionary history for this coronavirus clade
Authors: Kettenburg Gwenddolen , Kistler Amy , Ranaivoson Hafaliana Christian , Ahyong Vida , Andrianiaina Angelo , Andry Santino , DeRisi Joseph L. , Gentles Anecia , Raharinosy Vololoniaina , Randriambolamanantsoa Tsiry Hasina , Fifi Ravelomanantsoa Ny Anjara , Tato Cristina M. , Dussart Philippe , Heraud Jean-Michel , Brook Cara E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBats are natural reservoirs for bothAlpha- andBetacoronavirusesand the hypothesized original hosts of five of seven known zoonotic coronaviruses. To date, the vast majority of bat coronavirus research has been concentrated in Asia, though coronaviruses are globally distributed; indeed, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2-relatedBetacoronavirusesin the subgenusSarbecovirushave been identified circulating inRhinolophidbats in both Africa and Europe, despite the relative dearth of surveillance in these regions. As part of a long-term study examining the dynamics of potentially zoonotic viruses in three species of endemic Madagascar fruit bat (Pteropus rufus, Eidolon dupreanum, Rousettus madagascariensis), we carried out metagenomic Next Generation Sequencing (mNGS) on urine, throat, and fecal samples obtained from wild-caught individuals. We report detection of RNA derived fromBetacoronavirussubgenusNobecovirusin fecal samples from all three species and describe full genome sequences of novelNobecovirusesinP. rufusandR. madagascariensis. Phylogenetic analysis indicates the existence of five distinctNobecovirusclades, one of which is defined by the highly divergent sequence reported here fromP. rufusbats. MadagascarNobecovirusesderived fromP. rufusandR. madagascariensisdemonstrate, respectively, Asian and African phylogeographic origins, mirroring those of their fruit bat hosts. Bootscan recombination analysis indicates significant selection has taken place in the spike, nucleocapsid, and NS7 accessory protein regions of the genome for viruses derived from both bat hosts. Madagascar offers a unique phylogeographic nexus of bats and viruses with both Asian and African phylogeographic origins, providing opportunities for unprecedented mixing of viral groups and, potentially, recombination. As fruit bats are handled and consumed widely across Madagascar for subsistence, understanding the landscape of potentially zoonotic coronavirus circulation is essential for mitigation of future zoonotic threats.
The impact of cognitive style on the level of satisfaction and image search behavior in the textual and content search system of Google Images
Authors: Alvandi Poor Zahra , Mirzabeigi Mahdieh , Nabavi Majid 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study aims to identify the impact of verbal-visual cognitive styles on the level of satisfaction and behavior in the textual and content search of Google Images.Design/methodology/approach“Riding” cognitive style test and satisfaction questionnaire were used as data collection tools. Also, to collect data related to the image search behavior, the subjects’ transaction files were recorded using Camtasia software and then the files observed and reviewed. The research sample was 90 postgraduate students of Shiraz University.FindingsThe results showed that cognitive styles in interaction with the text-based and content-based search system of “Google Images” affected user’s satisfaction. Text-based image retrieval, in which vocabulary-based information needs were expressed, was more compatible with the verbal cognitive style and resulted in greater satisfaction. In contrast, in content-based image retrieval, where it was possible to express information needs in the form of images, users were more satisfied with the visual cognitive style. Verbal users performed more positively in text-based search and visual users in content-based search.Originality/valueConsidering the research gap, which has identified the performance of visual text-based and content-based systems in terms of satisfaction and cognitive style search behavior, the present study could be considered a small effort to promote science.