bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Photothermal Therapy of Breast Cancer via Co-Loading With Autophagy Inhibitor
Authors: Liu Yawen , Ni Chen , Huang Jie , Lu Jiahui , Zuo Fengmei , Hu Pengcheng , Liu Zhenbao , shi meilin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) usually causes hyperthermia and damages healthy tissues. Developing a PTT platform using mild irradiation, while enhance the theraputical effects attracts increasing attention. Here, this study developed a theranostic poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoplatform loaded with a near-infrared (NIR) dye (new indocyanine Green IR820), autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine, CQ) and a fluorescence imaging agent (ZnCdSe/ZnS quantum dot, QD) by the double emulsion solvent evaporation technique (W1/O/W2). The resulting hybrid PLGA nanoparticles with IR820/ZnCdSe/ZnS/CQ co-loading (termed PIFC NPs) approximated 240 nm in diameter and had excellent monodispersity, fluorescence and size stability, and biocompatibility. PIFC NPs displayed photothermal effects, and the released CQ remarkably decreased autolysosome degeneration by lysosomes in cancer cells, thereby enhancing the suppressive effect on autophagy as well as resistance to photothermia. Anticancer effects were enhanced both in cellular and animal experiments attributed to the combined effects exerted by PIFC NPs and mild NIR irradiation. Moreover, PIFC NPs significantly accumulated in tumors because of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, enabling high-spatial resolution, real-time fluorescence imaging of solid tumors. The present study developed a novel PTT platform showing potentially enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
Integrated Analysis of microRNAs and Metabolomics in Rat’s Serum Reveals Multi-action Modes of Qingfei Paidu Decoction for COVID-19 Treatment
Authors: Li Long-Xue , Liu Wei-qi , Liao Yun , Liu Zhi-yong , Chen Yu-ran , Luo Li-ming , Chen Hao , Peng Yu-meng , Zeng Yan-qing , Wu Qing-ni , Xu Tie-Long , Zheng Bin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background During the fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, Qingfei Paidu decoction (QFPDD) has been widely applied to treat COVID-19 patients. Retrospective studies showed that QFPDD could improve clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Thus, it is necessary and interesting to explore the action mode of QFPDD for further application and development.MethodsSprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups, QFPDD (n=9) and control (n=10) groups. They were parallelly treated for 12 days with QFPDD and warm distilled water, respectively. At the endpoint, the microRNA (miRNA or miR) profiles in serum were detected to identify differently expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Then, the action mode of QFPDD were explored via review of potential roles of DEMs and functional enrichment analysis of their targets (e.g., GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis), especially focusing on the aspects of immunity, inflammation, virus infection and pulmonary fibrosis. Core genes were identified based on KEGG pathway analysis. Metabolomics were detected in serum and significantly changed metabolites (SCMs), especially the metabolic substrates and products of enzyme of core gene were identified as biomarkers to validate the regulation of DEMs to enzyme activity of core gene through metabolomic analysis and linear correlation analysis between SCMs and DEMs. Results23 DEMs were identified in the serum between QFPDD and control groups, with 1636 predicted genes. Reported evidence has showed that both the DEMs and their target genes involve regulation of immunity, inflammation, virus infection and pulmonary fibrosis. Phospholipase C, gamma 1 (Plcg1) was identified as a core gene and predicted to be upregulated attributed to downregulation of novel-89-mature. The levels of three SCMs, PC(P-18:1(11Z)/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), PC(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/P-18:0) and PC(16:1(9Z)/16:1(9Z)), which were the metabolic substrates of phospholipase C, were significantly reduced in QFPDD group, in addition, PC(P-18:1(11Z)/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) and PC(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/P-18:0) presented positively linear correlation with the expression level of novel-89-mature. The level of phosphorylcholine, a product of PCs metabolized by phospholipase C, was significantly elevated in QFPDD group. Conclusion QFPDD can induce modification of miRNAs profile, and subsequently multi-regulate the immunity, inflammation, virus infection and pulmonary fibrosis in vivo, playing an important role for the positive outcomes of COVID-19 patients treated by QFPDD in China.
Establishing the Geriatric Emergency Department Intervention in Queensland Emergency Departments: A Qualitative Implementation Study Using the i-PARIHS Model
Authors: Wallis Marianne , Craswell Alison , Marsden Elizabeth , Taylor Andrea 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Frail older adults require specific, targeted care and expedited shared decision making in the emergency department (ED) to prevent poor outcomes and minimise time spent in this chaotic environment. The Geriatric Emergency Department Intervention (GEDI) model was developed to help limit these undesirable consequences. This qualitative study aimed to explore the ways in which two hospital implementation sites implemented the structures and processes of the GEDI model and to examine the ways in which the i-PARIHS (innovation-Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) framework influenced the implementation.
Methods

Using the i-PARIHS approach to implementation, the GEDI model was disseminated into two hospitals using a detailed implementation toolkit, external and internal facilitators and a structured program of support. Following implementation, interviews were conducted with a range of staff involved in the implementation at both sites to explore the implementation process used. Transcribed interviews were analysed for themes and sub-themes.
Results

There were 31 interviews with clinicians involved in the implementation, conducted across two hospitals, including interviews with the two external facilitators. Major themes identified included: (i) elements of the GEDI model adopted or (ii) adapted by implementation sites and (iii) factors that affected the implementation of the GEDI model. Both sites adopted the model of care and there was general support for the GEDI approach to the management of frail older people in the ED. Both sites adapted the structure of the GEDI team and the expertise of the team members to suit their needs and resources. Elements such as service focus, funding, staff development and service evaluation were initially adopted but adaptation occurred over time. Resourcing and cost shifting issues at the implementation sites and at the site providing the external facilitators negatively impacted the facilitation process.
Conclusions

The i-PARIHS framework provided a pragmatic approach to the implementation of the evidenced-based GEDI model. Passionate, driven clinicians ensured that successful implementation occurred despite unanticipated changes in context at both the implementation and host facilitator sites as well as the absence of sustained facilitation support.
The Integrated Analysis of Differential Long Non-Coding RNAs Expression Profiles in Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Chemoradioresistant and Parental Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Xiong Wei , Sun Runmei , Li Chunyan , Li Cheng , Qin Jiyong , Liu Qiuyan , Wang Xiaoli , Wang Qiaoli , Xu Guoqiang , Cao Ruixue , Sun Chuanzheng , Yang Yi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) suffer from poor outcomes after chemoradiotherapy. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play crucial roles in regulating cancer progression and chemoradioresistance. To investigate the functional role of chemoradioresistant cell-derived EVs for parental cells, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression profiles in EVs secreted by chemoradioresistant cells. The effect of chemoradioresistant NPC cell-derived EVs on migration and invasion abilities of parental cells were detected by Transwell assays. Human cancer lncRNA PCR array was performed on EVs released from chemoradioresistant NPC cells (CNE1R and CNE2R) and parental cells (CNE1 and CNE2). The concurrent chemoradioresistance of CNE1R and CNE2R was significant higher than that of CNE1 and CNE2. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), and western blotting results showed the CNE1, CNE2, CNE1R and CNE2R -derived EVs were successfully obtained. The chemoradioresistant cell-derived EVs remarkably promoted migration and invasion ability of parental cells with different differentiation. Notably, a total of 91 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs were regulated in EVs by chemoradiotherapy. Among them, the 4 upregulated (MALAT1, FAM212B-AS1, LINC-PINT and H19) and 7 down-regulated (SNHG16, CDKN2B-AS1, ZFAS1, CCAT1, SNHG6, GAPLINC and TUG1) DE lncRNAs associated with chemoradioresistance, were identified in EVs derived from chemoradioresistant cells with different differentiation. We found the EVs derived from chemoradioresistant NPC cells regulated an aggressive phenotype of NPC cells, and identified an altered lncRNAs expression pattern in chemoradioresistant NPC cell- derived EVs.
Anatomical Configurations of Dominant Anastomotic Veins of the Superficial Cortical Venous System
Authors: Naidoo Joastin , Harrichandparsad Rohen , Lazarus Lelika 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Understanding the anatomy of the anastomotic veins (AV) of the superficial cortical venous system (SCVS), viz. superficial Sylvian vein (SSV) - also known as the superficial middle cerebral vein; vein of Labbe (VL) and vein of Trolard (VT), are imperative for neurosurgical procedures. This study aimed to investigate variant anatomical patterns of dominance of the AV, to elucidate the haemodynamically balanced SCVS, by reporting variations between the presence, diameter and dominant patterns of the AV. Two hundred lateral angiograms were included, depicting left and right cerebral hemispheres of the same patient (n = 100 patients). Angiograms were analysed and variations recorded. Results were statistically compared against laterality, age, sex and ethnicity. Presence of the VL had the highest occurrence (96.5%), whereas the SSV and VT had an occurrence of 75.5% and 64.5%, respectively. This study reports presence of double veins of the AV: SSV (12.0%), VL (22.0%) and VT (19.5%). Furthermore, presence of a triple vein for each AV is reported. Diameters for the SSV, VL and VT were 1.99 ± 0.500mm, 2.18 ± 0.579mm and 2.14 ± 0.472mm, respectively. Statistically significant relationships were established between diameters and the SSV, VL, VT and VT2 (double VT). Seven types of dominant patterns were recorded: Equilibrium; singular dominance of SSV, VL and VT; co-dominance of SSV/VL, SSV/VT and VL/VT. The Equilibrium dominant pattern of drainage had the highest occurrence (54.5%). Patterns of dominance of these AV can aid the neurosurgeon in curbing the risk of iatrogenic injury and postoperative infarcts even after an otherwise successful surgery.
Fine Mapping and Cloning of the Novel Gene Qph-IAA30, which Simultaneously Affects the Plant Height, Panicle Length, Spikelet Number and Yield in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: He Niqing , Zhan Guangping , Huang Fenghuang , Zheng Xianghua , Cheng Chaoping , Ye Ning , Yang Dewei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.), and the introduction of semidwarf rice led to record yield increases throughout Asia in the 1960s. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are the most powerful tools for the detection and precise mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs).Results: In this study, 176 NILs were produced from the crossing and back-crossing of two rice cultivars. Specifically, Jiafuzhan, an indica rice cultivar, served as the recipient, and Hui1586, a restorer japonica cultivar, served as the donor. Using the 176 NILs, we identified a novel QTL for plant height in NIL36. First, we mapped the QTL to a 31-kb region between the markers Indel12-29 and Indel12-31. The rice genome annotation indicated the presence of three candidate genes in this region. Through gene prediction and cDNA sequencing, we confirmed that the target gene in NIL36 was Osiaa30, hereafter referred to as qPH-iaa30. Further analysis showed that qPH-iaa30 was produced by a 1-bp deletion in the first exon that resulted in the premature termination of OsIAA30. Knockout experiments showed that qPH-IAA30 was responsible for the plant height phenotype. Although qPH-IAA30 from Jiafuzhan showed a higher plant height, the plant also exhibited a longer panicle length, more spikelets and a higher yield. Taken together, our results demonstrate that qPH-IAA30 has good specific application prospects in future rice breeding.Conclusions: 176 NILs are produced from two rice cultivars, using the 176 NILs, a novel qPH-iaa30 for plant height is identified, and the qPH-IAA30 gene is responsible for the plant height phenotype.
Interpretable physics-based models compared with symbolic regression for hopping transport in organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Lakshminarayanan Madhavkrishnan , Dutta Rajdeep , Repaka D V Maheswar , Jayavelu Senthilnath , Leong Wei Lin , Hippalgaonkar Kedar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The past few decades have seen an uptick in the scope and range of device applications of organic semiconductors, such as organic field-effect transistors, organic photovoltaics and light-emitting diodes. Several researchers have studied electrical transport in these materials and proposed physical models to describe charge transport with different material parameters, with most disordered semiconductors exhibiting hopping transport. However, there exists a lack of a consensus among the different models to describe hopping transport accurately and uniformly. In this work, we first evaluate the efficacy of using a purely data-driven approach, i.e., symbolic regression, in unravelling the relationship between the measured field-effect mobility and the controllable inputs of temperature and gate voltage. While the regressor is able to capture the scaled mobility well with mean absolute error (MAE) ~O(10-2), better than the traditionally used hopping transport model, it is unable to derive physically interpretable input-output relationships. We then examine a physics-inspired renormalization approach to describe the scaled mobility with respect to a scale-invariant reference temperature. We observe that the renormalization approach offers more generality and interpretability with a MAE of the ~O(10-1), still better than the traditionally used hopping model, but less accurate as compared to the symbolic regression approach. Our work shows that physics-based approaches are powerful compared to purely data-driven modelling, providing an intuitive understanding of data with extrapolative ability.
The Sustainment of Population Health Programs Requires a Systems Approach
Authors: Crane Melanie , Nathan Nicole , McKay Heather , Lee Karen , Wiggers John , Bauman Adrian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Achieving sustained implementation of health promotion programs (HPPs) at the population level (i.e. population health) is needed to reduce prevalence of chronic disease. However, population health is highly influenced by social, economic and political environment changes at the local, state and national level. The aim of this research was to examine barriers to the sustainment population-level HPPs and identify key enabling factors that overcome such barriers. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study through interviews with population health experts working within Australian government and non-government agencies with experience in sustaining public health programs at the local, state or national level (n=13). We used an inductive thematic approach to analyse data. Results: Four key barriers to the sustainment of HPPs were identified: 1) short term political and funding cycles; 2) competing public priorities within health and the broader public agenda; 3) silo thinking within health service delivery; and 4) the population fit of the program to population needs. To overcoming these barriers various approaches centred on the importance of long-term planning and resourcing, flexible program design and management, leadership and partnerships, evidence generation, and system support structures. Conclusion: This study provides key insights towards overcoming challenges to the sustainment population health programs amidst complex system-wide changes.
Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction Revealed by Two-dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Chronic Alcoholic Patients
Authors: Kaznica-Wiatr Magdalena , Pacia Klaudia , Hat Marta , Noga Monika , Podolec Piotr , Olszowska Maria 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and aim:Alcohol is a potent risk factor for heart diseases. Alcohol consumption can damage myocytes earlier than overt LV dysfunction occurs. We aimed that two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) can be used for early detection of heart failure caused by alcohol intake.Methods:A 100 chronic alcoholics were enrolled into the study. All patients underwent physical examination, biochemical analysis and echocardiography. Following parameters were assessed: LV diameters, LV systolic and diastolic function. Also RV diameters, LA and RA volumes were measured. LV and RV global longitudinal strain (GLS), LA and RA strain were calculated. The results were compared with control group, composed of 20 healthy subjects.Results:The mean LVEF was 57.55±6.99%, the mean E/A ratio 1.09±0.32 and E/E` 7.36±2.4 in the study group. Mean LA volume was 35.4±10.78 mL, RA volume 34.7±10.25 mL. The 2DSTE of LA was 29.1±10.0, LVGLS was -15.03±2.07. The RA strain was 30.46±10.25 and RVGLS -16.22±6.27. All strain parameters were lower than in the control group. Graded reduction of global longitudinal strain of the both ventricles and both atria in dose-dependent manner was found, lower strain was observed in heavy alcoholics than light/moderate drinkers. Conclusions:The study proved that chronic alcohol consumption leads to myocardial injury in dose-depended manner, the deterioration of global strain of the ventricles and atria can be the sensitive marker of myocardial injury.
LY6G6D is Epigenetically Activated in Classical Colorectal Adenocarcinoma and Hyper-Methylated in Mucinous Subtypes Determining Resistance to FOLFOX Therapeutic Regimens.
Authors: Caruso Francesca Pia , D'andrea Mario Rosario , Coppola Luigi , Landriscina Matteo , Condelli Valentina , Cerulo Luigi , Giordano Guido , Porras Almudena , Pancione Massimo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant and ever-increasing societal threat and burden. Activation of Lymphocyte antigen 6G6D could induce anti-tumor specific immunity unique to CRC, but factors regulating its activation remain obscure.Methods: Transcriptome, epigenome and proteomic data from TCGA and independent database were investigated using in silico approaches. Expression of candidate genes was independently validated by immunohistochemistry in CRC tissues. In vitro RNA mediated gene silencing of putative regulators, treatment with MEK and p38 MAPK inhibitors and Bioinformatic prediction were carried out to unveil LY6G6D regulation.Results: LY6G6D is down-regulated in mucinous CRC regardless its anatomic location, while its activation progresses through the classical adenoma-carcinoma sequence. The lack of LY6G6D expression in mucinous CRC involves alterations of secretome-based immune responses. DNA methylation changes in LY6G6D promoter are intimately related to its transcript regulation, epigenomic and different histological subtypes. RNA-mediated gene silencing and chemical inhibition of p38α MAPK as well as DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 knock-down lead to a decrease in LY6G6D expression, supporting that p38a MAPK and DNA methylases mediated LY6G6D regulation. Cancer cells with an intact p38α MAPK stabilize LY6G6D expression allowing effective responses to trametinib, a MEK inhibitor able to exert anti-inflammatory effects. In a metastatic CRC subset, LY6G6D hypermethylation predicts resistance to FOLFOX first-line therapy, supporting the idea that its cancer-specific hypomethylation and consequent activation may be a tissue-specific mechanism of anti-tumor immunity. Conclusions: LY6G6D has the potentiality to be used as a biomarker for patient stratification and immune therapeutic intervention of mucinous versus non-mucinous CRC.
A Sheathed Spike Gene, TaWUS-like Inhibits Stem Elongation in Common Wheat by Regulating Hormone Levels
Authors: Si Xuemei , Wang Wanxin , Wang Ke , Liu Yunchuan , Bai Jiangping , Meng Yaxiong , Zhang Xueyong , Liu Hongxia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background: The elongation and development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) stem play an important role in plant architecture. Shortened stem would result in sheathed spike and low yield in crops. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying sheathed spike would be helpful for plant architecture and yield. Results: We found a novel gene, TaWUS-like（WUSCHEL-related homeobox like）, which regulated sheathed spike and plant architecture in wheat. The plant height of overexpression transgenic lines were significantly decreased and the spike was not completely elongated and enclosed in flag leaf sheaths. Besides, the increase of tiller angle resulted in loose plant architecture and lower yield. The statistical and cytological analysis demonstrated that the length of the uppermost and secondary internode was significantly shortened, especially the uppermost internode was only half length of wild-type. The parenchyma cells obviously reduced and elongated insufficiently. The analysis of hormone content showed that there was a lack of GA3 in internodes but a higher BR content. Conclusions: TaWUS-like may inhibit the synthesis of GA and/or BR and affect the function of signal transduction of these hormones, which further caused stem shortening and plant dwarfing in wheat.
Role of Bevacizumab in High-grade Meningiomas
Authors: Bai Xuexue , wang xiangyu , Cao Yiyao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: To explore the role of bevacizumab (BV) in High-grade Meningiomas (HGMs) undergoing surgical treatment.Methods: Review the clinical data of 139 patients with HGMs and divide them into BV group and non- BV group according to whether they receive BV treatment. Then we compared the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the two groups.Results: The Chi-square test showed significant differences between the BV group and the non-BV group in terms of 12-month PFS (PFS-12), 36-month PFS (PFS-36), median PFS (M-PFS), 12-month OS (OS-12), 36-month OS (OS-36), and median OS (M-OS). However, there was no statistical difference between the BV group and the non-BV group in terms of 6-month PFS (PFS-6), 60-month PFS (PFS-60), and 60-month OS (OS-60). The log-rank test indicated significant differences in PFS and OS between the BV group and the non-BV group.Conclusion: The role of BV in patients with HGMs is to relieve the symptoms of peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) and prolong PFS and OS. However, whether increasing the dose of BV after surgery can improve the long-term PFS and OS of patients with HGMs needs further research.