bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desain Primer dan Analisis in Silico untuk Amplifikasi Gen mt-Co1 pada Tikus got (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Sihotang Maria A E D , Erwinda Yola Eka , Suwarni Eniek , Lusianti Erita 
Published: November 2021

Daging tikus got (Rattus norvegicus) merupakan salah satu bahan yang kadang-kadang digunakan untuk campuran bakso sapi dan pangan olahan lain untuk menekan harga produksi. Hal ini sangat merugikan konsumen, baik dari segi kesehatan maupun kehalalan produk pangan. Untuk mencegah terjadinya hal tersebut, pengembangan metode uji untuk mendeteksi daging tikus got dalam pangan olahan sangat diperlukan. Salah satu metode yang mudah dan cepat dalam mengidentifikasi daging tikus got dalam pangan olahan adalah metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Pengembangan metode endpoint PCR telah dilakukan, namun metode tersebut masih memiliki beberapa kekurangan dari segi spesifisitas dan kecepatan dalam perolehan hasil. pengembangan metode deteksi daging tikus got dengan metode real-time PCR perlu dikombinasikan dengan TaqMan probe yang lebih sensitif dan spesifik, sehingga dapat menjadi alternatif untuk pendeteksian daging tikus got dalam pangan olahan. Desain primer dan probe merupakan langkah awal dalam pengembangan metode deteksi dengan real-time PCR. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendesain primer dan probe untuk deteksi gen mt-Co1 pada tikus got lalu dianalisis in silico. Sekuens gen mt-Co1 Rattus norvegicus (NC_001665.2) diperoleh dari pangkalan data National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Primer didesain menggunakan perangkat lunak Primer3Plus. Selanjutnya, beberapa kandidat primer dan probe dianalisis spesifisitasnya terhadap gen mt-CoI secara in silico menggunakan beberapa perangkat lunak, antara lain Primer-BLAST dan Nucleotide-BLAST. Primer dan probe yang spesifik terhadap gen mt-CoI pada tikus got (Rattus norvegicus) berhasil dikonstruksi dengan sekuens primer forward ATGAGCAAAAGCCCACTTTG; sekuen primer reverse CGGCCGTAAGTGAGATGAAT; dan probe GCAGGGATACCTCGTCGTTA. Primer dan probe ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan metode deteksi daging tikus pada bakso atau pangan olahan lain menggunakan real-time PCR dan TaqMan probe.
ROBOT APUNG PEMBERI PAKAN IKAN KOLAM AIR TAWAR BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: Sadam Muhammad , Sollu Tan Suryani , Fauzi Rizana 
Published: November 2021

The need for fish is increasing every year. Because it is increasing every year, fish farming must be increased in line with the use of improved fish farming technology. So that it requires an adequate technological structure and mechanization. Based on this background, the arduino-based floating robot for feeding freshwater pond fish is designed to be able to apply technology that is useful in feeding farmed fish.
The arduino based floating robot fish feeding freshwater fish pond using Arduino Mega 2560 as its microcontroller, 4 Sharp 2Y0A21 sensors that function to detect pond walls, RTC functions as a timer so that it can feed fish according to the time set on the tool, LCD functions as the information viewer of the tool, the L298N motor driver controls the DC motor and the servo motor functions as the opening or closing of the food valve on the appliance.
In the test, the arduino based floating robot fish feeding freshwater fish pond is able to float in water and can feed fish based on the time available on the tool. The Sharp 2Y0A21 sensor as a pool wall detector has a distance reading in the range of 1 millimeter to 10 centimeter. The robot can avoid the pool wall with a span of 3 - 7 seconds, this is influenced, among others, by surging water, wind, sensor response, and DC motors.
PEMILIHAN TIPE PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA GELOMBANG LAUT TIPE PELAMPUNG DI PANTAI SALUBOMBA KABUPATEN DONGGALA
Authors: Setiawan Setiyawan , Asmi Rahman Yuli , Sarjan Muhammad , Amin Nurhani 
Published: November 2021

Indonesia is a country that has an area of sea three times larger than the land area. In line with the rapid development, the need for electricity is also increasing. So that Indonesia has great potential to produce alternative and environmentally friendly energy, namely Sea Wave Energy. Its continuous nature is available all the time. Many potential coastal areas in Indonesia, however, have not been utilized optimally.
The purpose of this study is to see the potential of Wave Energy for electricity. For this reason, research was carried out at a location in the Central Sulawesi area, precisely in Salubomba, Central Banawa District, Donggala Regency. In this study a potential study was conducted on 3 types of PLTGL, namely Buoy, OWC, and Pasut Dam, where one will be chosen that meets the wave criteria requirements on the Beach. From the results of research, PLTGL that fulfills the requirements is the type of buoy.
Data collection begins with secondary data, namely wind data from Mutiara Station. Then proceed with calculating wave forecasting using the SMB (Sverdrup Munk-Bretschneider) method. The results of this study, Salubomba beach has the potential to be built by the Buoy Type Wave Power Plant, a significant wave height of 0.52 - 3.37 meters with a ruptured depth of 3.95 meters.
The gut microbiota of wild wintering great bustard (Otis tarda dybowskii): survey data from two consecutive years
Authors: Lu Zhiyuan , Li Sisi , Li Hongxia , Wang Zhucheng , Meng Derong , Liu Jingze 
Published: November 2021

Background
The composition of the intestinal microbiota plays a significant role in modulating host health. It serves as a sensitive evaluation indicator and has substantial implications in protecting endangered species. Great Bustards are typical farmland-dependent wintering birds that are highly susceptible to the interference of human activities. However, information regarding their gut microbiota remains scarce.

Methods
To ensure a comprehensive analysis of this crucial data, we collected fecal samples from wild Great Bustards at their wintering habitat for two consecutive years. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was subsequently applied to characterize their core gut microbiota and determine whether the gut microbial composition was similar or varied interannually.

Results
The gut microbiota of the Great Bustard was primarily comprised of four phyla: Firmicutes (82.87%), Bacteroidetes (7.98%), Proteobacteria (4.49%), and Actinobacteria (3.67%), accounting for 99.01% of the microbial community in all samples. Further analysis revealed 22 genera of core microbes and several pathogens. Notably, there were no significant differences in the alpha-diversity and beta-diversity between the two sample groups from different years.

Conclusions
This study provides essential information for assessing the health and developing targeted protective measures of this threatened species.
Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from some Street Hot Beverages in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Attien Paul Yao , Koua Atobla , Chabi-Sika Kamirou , Sina Haziz , Konate Ibrahim , Baba-Moussa Lamine 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main pathogens found in street food, including hot beverages. However, information about S. aureus isolated from street hot beverages from coffee carts is very limited in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Aims: We aimed to characterize phenotypically S. aureus isolated from street hot beverages sold in Abidjan.
Methodology: A total of 400 samples of hot beverage were collected and analyzed. The identification was made through conventional microbial and biochemical analysis. Macroscopic identification on the Baird Parker agar supplement with egg yolk tellurite. Microscopic observation through Gram staining as well as biochemical tests such as catalase, DNase and coagulase were performed. To confirm staphylococcal strains, the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was used. After identification, the susceptibility of the staphylococcal isolates was evaluated using disc diffusion method.
Results: Result showed that most of Staphylococcus aureus (18.4%) were isolated from tea. All the strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from street beverages were sensitive to cefoxitin and vancomycin. All the S. aureus isolated from milk were resistant to Erythromycin. Although beverages are consumed hot, the presence of S. aureus in ready-to-drink beverage transmitted infections to consumers.
Conclusion: This drink need attention for the seller and the user to avoid some infections.
Land Use Practices along Saadani-Wami-Mbiki Wildlife Corridor and their Implications to Wildlife Conservation
Authors: Ebenezeri Kileo Lawrance , Emmanuel Mbije Nsajigwa 
Published: November 2021

Saadani-Wami-Mbiki wildlife corridor has been facing conservation threats as a result of various land-use practices (LUP) carried out in and around the corridor. The understanding of changes happening in the corridor over time is important for establishing the management baseline data. This study aimed at identifying land use practices along the Saadani-Wami-Mbiki wildlife corridor and their implications to wildlife conservation. Specifically, the study sought to determine the rate of land cover changes in the corridor between 1975 and 2011 and the effects associated with land use practices on wildlife conservation. The land sat imageries of 1975, 1995, and 2011 were used to assess the rate of vegetation cover changes as a result of various land use practices carried out along. The household survey and Key informants' interview methods were used to obtain socio-economic data which were analyzed using SPSS while GIS data were analyzed using the ERDAS IMAGINE 9.1 and ArcGIS 9.3 programs. In the past 36 years (1975-2011), the cultivated land increased by 25%, settlement by 13%, open forest by 10% while closed forest and grassland decreased by 18% and 3% respectively. Shifting cultivation, overgrazing, charcoal burning, settlements, and poaching were identified as major land use practices threatening wildlife conservation within the corridor. Based on the results, it was recommended that, the Government should formulate a land use management plan and introduce a community-based natural resources management strategy to improve natural resources utilization and reduction of human stress to the corridor.
Challenges of Effective Principals Leadership in School Improvement in Government Secondary Schools of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Kene Diriba , Kedir Hussien , Basha Garkebo , Dinsa Feyera 
Published: November 2021

This research study aimed at investigating varied challenges that principals have been facing in an endeavor of school improvement in terms of input, process and outputs in secondary Schools of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. In this study, a qualitative research approach was followed and as such the data were collected with the help of semi-structured interview guides and focus group discussions. The study employed clustering, stratified, random and purposive sampling techniques to select 6 zones of Oromia region out of 20; 80 sample secondary schools out of 30, to draw 45 interviewees and 36 discussants, respectively. In this way, the interviews were conducted with the interviewees and focus group discussions were carried out among the discussants. Data obtained from these informants were analyzed using thematic analysis and narrative methods and paraphrasing the results of the discussants. The study identified inactive involvement of key stakeholders in the schools’ affairs; a weak capacity building for the principals; poor effort and commitment of students for class attendance and improvement of academic results; shortages of standard facilities and inputs; weakness of the principals together with SIP committee in properly developing strategic plan of the schools were among the main challenges that hindered effectiveness of principals’ school leadership in overall improvement of the schools. Because of these and other factors a great majority of the schools stood at level two that is below the expected level (level three & four ) in the study area. Based on the findings, it was recommended that principals should be equipped with basic knowledge and skills of school leadership, necessary facilities and inputs need to be fulfilled by the concerned bodies and stakeholders should be re-oriented in order to contribute in all possible aspect for betterment of school performance.
Development of a Tool for Assessing Patient Compliance on Various Ayurvedic Formulations used for Internal Administration
Authors: Sumi A. , Abhilash M. , Sudhikumar K. B. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Compliance is a process where the patient follows the prescribed and dispensed regimen as intended by the prescriber. Poor compliance has been reported as it is the most common cause of non-response to medication. There is no single best indicator to assess patient compliance in Health Research. This study aims to develop and validate a new questionnaire considering the pharmaceutical properties of Ayurvedic medicines to measure patient compliance.
Methods: The first phase consisted of a qualitative phase to identify the variables to measure patient compliance through in-depth interviews among five doctors and focus group discussion with eight practitioners, and pre-test with respondents, experts, and peers. The second phase was a quantitative phase to assess the respective responses of patients towards the questionnaire through a cross-sectional survey among 106 subjects as a pilot study.
Results: The qualitative analysis reported variables that were seen spread across eight domains were used to measure compliance.
Conclusion: Ayurvedic treatment is personalized and there is always a scope for a remake of formulation designing for each individual. Sticking on to appropriate prescriptions after properly assessing the needs of the patient and the reason for their non-compliance can bring a revolution in terms of cost-effectiveness and time. The wastage of medicines, whether raw drugs or processed ones can be prevented by recognizing the factors for non-compliance. There is always a scope for improvement with further alike or more developed research in patient compliance in Ayurveda.
Association of Dental Caries with Body Mass Index in Patients Attending Dental OPD of Tertiary Care Hospital, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Memon Mahwish , Qureshi Azizullah Muhammad Nawaz , Memon Aosaf Anwar , Ramzan Sheba , Shaikh Abdul Ghani , Shams Salman 
Published: November 2021

Background: Dental caries area public health problem. Its prevalence is about 60% in the Pakistani population.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to correlate the association between decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) score and its body mass index in patients visiting the Dental Department of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to May 2021 at the Department of Operative Dentistry Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences. Patients with age 16 to 70 years with presence of atleast 15 to 18 permanent teeth were included in te study. Patients having primary teeth were set in exclusion criteria. For Dental caries status, decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index was used. Height and weight were measured using digital scales. BMI was calculated according to the formula weight in kilograms/height in centimeters. Data were analyzed for descriptive statistics. One Way ANOVA test was used for association. The statistical significance level was evaluated at p<0.05
Results: We were able to obtain the data of a total of 203 patients of which 57% were female.The mean age was 36.7±13.8. ). The mean DMTF score was 5.7±3.7. In association of BMI with DMTF score, females BMI was statistically significant with DMTF score with p=0.039 and in overall was also significant p =0.002
Conclusion: DMFT score was higher in overweight and obese individuals and it was significant statistically. However, large community based studies are required to confirm the association.
Study of Lesions in Bronchial Brush and Wash Cytology
Authors: Kavya S. , Vishali V. M. Shobini , Sridevi M. 
Published: November 2021

Aims: The aim of the study is to compare and evaluate the efficacy of bronchial brush and wash cytology in diagnosing neoplastic and non- neoplastic bronchopulmonary lesions and to relate the cytological findings with the clinical diagnoses.
Study Design: Retrospective descriptive study.
Place and Duration of Study: Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, between January 2019 and December 2019.
Methodology: Cases with both Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and Bronchial brush (BB) samples (35) were included in the study. The slides were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin stain, Papanicolaou stain, and were studied under the light microscope. The clinical points of interest were obtained from the case records at the medical records division, and histopathological findings from the histopathology registers at the Department of Pathology.
Results: A total of 35 cases were studied. Follow up with histopathology after a cytological diagnosis revealed that the sensitivity of diagnosing malignancy from BAL specimen and bronchial brush sample was 58% and 92% respectively.
Conclusion: The study confirms that the efficacy in assessing the risk of malignancy by respiratory cytology using a bronchial brush specimen is higher than the bronchoalveolar lavage specimen.
Ondansetron for Prevention of Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) in General Surgery Patients
Authors: Naeem Muhammad , Tabassum Rafia , Khaskheli Muhammad Saleh , Awan Aijaz Hussain , Meraj Munazzah , Irfan Rao 
Published: November 2021

Aim: To determine the efficacy of single dose ondansetron in preventing PONV in patients.
Methodology: In this cross sectional study 49 patients were given Ondansetron. Every patient was evaluated for PONV at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours post operatively. This study was conducted at General surgery operation theatres and surgical wards I, II, III and Department of Anesthesia and SICU Peoples University of Medical & Health Sciences for women Nawabshah, District Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh.
Results: A sample of 49 patients with age between 20-60 years (mean age 43.72±5.67 years), 35% male and 65% female was included in this study. In this study ondansetron was given (N=49) 4 mg I/V before induction. Regarding complications there was not significant (p ≤0.05) POVN was observed.
Conclusion: Our study results showed in patients who received ondansetron regarding frequency of post operative complications (PONV) showed insignificant results as no p-value is found to be ≤0.05.It was concluded that a single dose of ondansetron is very effective in preventing PONV in general surgery patients.
Rice Fortification and Distribution: A Need of the Hour in Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Babu B. Kishore , Sai Govardhan , Reddy Madhukar 
Published: November 2021

Malnutrition among mothers and children in India is extremely high. Every second woman in the nation is anaemic, and every third child is diminutive, according to the Food Ministry. On the Global Hunger Index (GHI), India ranks 94th out of 107 countries, placing it in the ‘serious hunger' category. In the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, micronutrient deficits are frequent among mothers and children. According to the NFHS-5 survey, In Andhra Pradesh, 59 % percent of non-pregnant women in the age group of 15-49 years are anaemic. 63.2 percent of children in the age group of 6 to 59 months are anaemic. 53.7 percent of pregnant women under the age of 35 are anaemic. Food fortification is consideration to be one of the most valuable ways to put a stop to malnutrition. Food fortification is a low-cost method that has been shown to provide health, economic, and social benefits. Rice is the most effective vehicle for reaching the poorest people and one of only two staples that can contain a spectrum of minerals and vitamins when properly enriched. Rice fortification activities are most successful when collaborations are developed between the civic and private sectors, as well as other parties who can help with sponsorship, management, capacity building, implementation, and regulatory oversight.
Radiographic Assessment of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar- An Ex-vivo study
Authors: B. Kale Ujwala , D. Munde Anita , Mishra Sunil S. , Anjum Ara J. Farooqui , Nayak Pooja B. , S. Samanta Anwesha 
Published: November 2021

Background: Mandibular third molars are the most commonly impacted teeth and frequently associated with various pathologies including infection, traumatic, inflammatory and cystic lesions necessitating their surgical removal. To avoid complications, clinical and radiographic evaluation of impacted teeth is essential to provide information about tooth anatomy, position and condition of the surrounding bone.
Aim: To evaluate impacted mandibular third molars (IMTM) with the help of panoramic radiographs for the type of impaction, available third molar space, level of eruption, and relation to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN).
Materials and Methods: Total 600 patients were selected and were divided into three groups; group I (18-27 years), group II (28-37 years), and group III (>38 years). Digital OPG were traced and evaluated for angulations, third molar space, level of eruption, and relation of third molar roots to IAN canal. The observations were subjected to statistical analysis using Chi-square test. Results: Out of 600 samples, 306 (51%) were males and 294 (49%) were females. Out of 1079 third molar sites, mesioangular impaction (40.22%) was the most common. Class II relation (84.24%) for third molar space and level A of eruption (45.69%) were most frequent. In true relation, interruption of the white line of the IAN canal (20.85%) was the most frequent relation of the IMTM roots to the IAN canal and others (false/no relation) was the most common in all relations.
Conclusion: Panoramic radiography is a relatively safe, reliable, inexpensive, and readily accessible technique for preoperative evaluation of IMTM and their relation to IAN canal.
Synthesis of Some Quinoxaline Sulfonamides as a Potential Antibacterial Agent
Authors: Taiwo Festus O. , A. Obafemi Craig , A. Akinpelu A. Akinpelu David 
Published: November 2021

Aims: This studies aims at the synthesis of new heterocyclic systems and study its biological and pharmacological properties.
Objective: This study was designed to synthesized some quinoxaline-2,3-dione with sulfonamide moiety, characterize the synthesized compounds, and study the antimicrobial properties of the synthesized compounds on some bacterial strains.
Materials and Methods: Six quinoxaline-6-sulfonohydrazone derivatives were synthesized by reacting quinoxaline-6-sulfonohydrazine with some substituted benzaldehydes and ketones. The compounds were tested for their potential antibacterial properties.
Results: All the test compounds possessed promising antibacterial property against a panel of bacterial strains used for this study. The MIC values exhibited by these compounds ranged between 0.0313 and 0.250 mg/mL. Among the compounds tested, compound 2 showed appreciable antibacterial activity.
Discussion and Conclusion: The study concluded that all the compounds exhibited appreciable bactericidal effects towards all the bacterial strains, particularly, compound 2 This is an indication that such compounds possessing broad spectrum activities will be useful in formulating antimicrobial compounds which could be used to treat infections caused by pathogens that are now developing resistance against the available antibiotics.