bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Function Focused Care for Acute Care Using the Evidence Integration Triangle
Authors: Resnick Barbara , Boltz Marie , Galik Elizabeth , McPherson Rachel , Kuzmik Ashley , Drazich Brittany , Kim Nayeon , Zhu Shijun , Wells Chris 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to test the impact of Function Focused Care for Acute Care Using the Evidence Integration Triangle (FFC‐AC‐EIT) on hospitalized patients living with dementia.MethodsThis was a clustered randomized clinical trial including 12 hospitals from two states and 455 patients living with dementia. Hospitals were randomized to FFC‐AC‐EIT versus FFC Education Only. The mean age of the participants was 82.5 (SD = 8.5), the majority were women (62.6%), White (65.3%), married (64.4%), and had 3.0 (SD = 2.4) comorbidities. Outcome measures included the Barthel Index; the Physical Activity Survey, the Confusion Assessment Method Short Form (CAM‐S), the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia.ResultsAt discharge, both groups improved in function and physical activity, patients in the intervention group had less increase in pain than those in the control group (β = −0.58, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] (−0.89, −0.26), p < 0.001). There were no group differences in behavioral symptoms or delirium. At 1 month post‐discharge there was a significant improvement in function (β = 5.55, 95% CI [0.36, 10.75], p = 0.036) and physical activity (β = 3.07, 95% CI [1.87, 4.28], p < 0.001).ConclusionsExposure to information about function focused care may help staff in acute care settings maintain and increase function and physical activity for older patients living with dementia during the hospital stay and help facilitate an increase in function and physical activity after discharge.
Advancing loss reserving: A hybrid neural network approach for individual claim development prediction
Authors: Schneider Judith C. , Schwab Brandon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAccurately estimating loss reserves is critical for the financial health of insurance companies and informs numerous operational decisions. We propose a novel neural network architecture that enhances the prediction of incurred loss amounts for reported but not settled claims. Moreover, differing from other studies, we test our model on proprietary datasets from a large industrial insurer. In addition, we use bootstrapping to evaluate the stability and reliability of the predictions and Shapley additive explanation values to provide transparency and explainability by quantifying the contribution of each feature to the predictions. Our model shows superiority in estimating reserves more accurately than benchmark models, like the chain ladder approach. Particularly, our model exhibits nuanced performance at the branch level, reflecting its capacity to effectively integrate individual claim characteristics. Our findings emphasize the potential of using machine learning in enhancing actuarial forecasting and suggest a shift towards more granular data applications.
Ganglioside GD2 Contributes to a Stem‐Like Phenotype in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Mannini Antonella , Pastore Mirella , Giachi Alessia , Correnti Margherita , Spínola Lasso Elena , Lottini Tiziano , Piombanti Benedetta , Tusa Ignazia , Rovida Elisabetta , Coulouarn Cédric , Andersen Jesper B. , Lewinska Monika , Campani Claudia , Battula V. Lokesh , Yuan Bin , Aureli Massimo , Carsana Emma V. , Peraldo Neia Caterina , Ostano Paola , Tani Alessia , Nosi Daniele , Vanni Anna , Maggi Laura , Di Tommaso Luca , Comito Giuseppina , Madiai Stefania , Arcangeli Annarosa , Marra Fabio , Raggi Chiara 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground & AimsGD2, a member of the ganglioside (GS) family (sialic acid‐containing glycosphingolipids), is a potential biomarker of cancer stem cells (CSC) in several tumours. However, the possible role of GD2 and its biosynthetic enzyme, GD3 synthase (GD3S), in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has not been explored.MethodsThe stem‐like subset of two iCCA cell lines was enriched by sphere culture (SPH) and compared to monolayer parental cells (MON). GS profiles were evaluated by chromatography, after feeding with radioactive sphingosine. Membrane GD2 expression was evaluated by FACS, and the expression of enzymes of GS biosynthesis was analysed by RT‐qPCR. The modulation of stem features by GS was investigated in vitro and in vivo using GD3S‐overexpressing cells and corroborated by global transcriptomic analysis.ResultsGS composition was markedly different comparing SPH and MON. Among complex GS, iCCA‐SPH showed increased GD2 levels, in agreement with the high expression levels of GD3 and GM2/GD2 synthases. iCCA cells overexpressing GD3S had higher sphere‐forming ability, invasive properties and drug resistance than parental cells. NOD/SCID mice implanted with CCLP1 cells overexpressing GD3S developed larger tumours than control cells. By global transcriptomic analysis, ontology investigation identified 74 processes shared by the iCCA‐SPH and GD3S‐transfected cells, with enrichment for development and morphogenesis processes, MAPK signalling and locomotion. In a cohort of patients with iCCA, GD3S expression was correlated with lymph node invasion, indicating a possible relevance of GD3S in the clinical setting.ConclusionsThe profile of GS derivatives regulates the stem‐like properties of iCCA cells.
Seasonality in Reproduction and Reproductive Physiology of Caviomorphs
Authors: Guenther Anja , Tachinardi Patricia , Valentinuzzi Veronica Sandra , Sobrero Raúl , Eberhardt Ayelen T. , Trillmich Fritz 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Animals experience seasonal fluctuations of photoperiod, food availability, temperature and precipitation. This affects their energy budget, often leading to seasonal reproduction.

We review available literature and (re)‐analyse existing datasets on seasonal reproduction of South American caviomorph rodents that are characterised by long pregnancies, typically precocial young and short lactation.

While births occur nearly year‐round in many species, reproductive investment and reproductive output (litter size, offspring mass and growth) vary seasonally, with largest litters often occurring in spring/summer. Male, as well as female, reproductive physiology varies across seasons in most of the investigated species. Experimental studies manipulating environmental aspects that usually change seasonally (photoperiod, nutrition, density) indicate a slightly different mechanistic basis driving seasonal reproduction in caviomorphs than in rodents of the Northern Hemisphere.

Caviomorphs are a key component of various ecosystems and knowledge of their reproduction and how it might be influenced by climate change (i.e., mean and variance of temperature and rainfall) is urgently needed to predict future population trends.
Treatment of Type IV Fragility Fractures of Pelvis With Robotic‐Assisted Minimally Invasive Triangular Fixation
Authors: Tian Wei , Jia Feng‐Shuang , Zheng Jia‐Ming , Liu Zhao‐Jie , Jia Jian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveType IV fragility fractures of pelvis (FFP IV) are serious and complicated and the treatment is challengeable. Robotic‐assisted minimally invasive triangular fixation (RoboTFX) is a new and advanced technique to treat this injury. The objective of this report is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of FFP IV treated with RoboTFX.MethodsFrom March 2017 to December 2022, 22 consecutive patients with FFP IV were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical method employed (RoboTFX or robotic‐assisted minimally invasive iliosacral screws, RoboISS). Between two groups, we compared clinical data on operation time, intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative fluoroscopy time, favorable fracture healing rate, implant loosening rate, and Majeed pelvic outcome score.ResultsAll operations were undertaken from 3 to 15 days (average 5.7 ± 1.7 days) following primary injuries. All patients were followed up continuously 15 months. The average surgical time was 125.3 ± 15.5 (55–190) min in group RoboTFX, 137.1 ± 17.2 min in group RoboISS (p > 0.05). The average amount of intraoperative bleeding was 320.4 ± 25.2 (50–550) mL in group RoboTFX, 302.4 ± 21.5 (50–500) mL in Group 2 (p > 0.05). The average intraoperative fluoroscopy time of the two groups was 23.3 ± 4.5 (15–35) s in group RoboTFX and 40.3 ± 3.8 (10–75) s in group RoboISS (p < 0.05). No patients experienced loss of reduction, 5 of 40 screws had implant loosening in group RoboTFX, meanwhile 13 of 48 screws had implant loosening in Group 2. Four of 20 vertical sacral fractures were healed undesirable including 2 nonunion and the favorable healing rate of 80% in group RoboTFX, meanwhile 8 of 24 fractures were undesirable including 4 nonunion and the favorable healing rate was 66.7% in group RoboISS. Implant loosening rate in the RoboTFX group were all significantly better than those of the RoboISS group (p < 0.05). There were no occurrences of wound infection in both groups, and Majeed scores for the last follow‐up were 76.2 ± 3.4 in group RoboTFX and 74.2 ± 2.7 in group RoboISS (p > 0.05).ConclusionRoboTFX has the advantages of less intraoperative fluoroscopy and implant loosening rate compared to RoboISS which is better than other methods. We thus recommend RoboTFX as an effective option for treating FFP IV. However, the indications of its operation should be strictly evaluated.
The Health‐Related Quality of Life for Cemented Versus Uncemented Hemiarthroplasty in Elderly Patients With Femoral Neck Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Samaheen Mohanad , Mohammad Maen , Salzmann Mikhail , Ramadanov Nikolai 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveFemoral neck fractures in the elderly are a global health issue, with the choice between cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty remaining a topic of debate. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to compare the effects of the two surgical options on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), mortality, and functional outcomes.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing cemented with uncemented hemiarthroplasty in patients aged 50 years and older with femoral neck fractures. The primary outcome of interest was HRQoL as measured by the European Quality of Life 5‐Dimension Questionnaire (EQ‐5D) score. Secondary outcomes included mortality, surgical, general, and local complications.ResultsWe included 20 RCTs with a total of 3680 patients with femoral neck fractures, of whom 1871 (50.5%) underwent cemented and 1809 (49.5%) uncemented hemiarthroplasty. The follow‐up ranged from 1 to 6 years. The early (after 3–4 months) EQ‐5D utility score (MD 0.07; 95% CI 0.03–0.12; p = 0.003; I
2 = 22%) and the 12‐month EQ‐5D utility score (MD 0.08; 95% CI 0.00–0.16; p = 0.04; I
2 = 67%) suggested an improved HRQoL in the cemented hemiarthroplasty group. The outcomes of 1‐year mortality, requirement for additional surgeries, surgery duration, risk of pulmonary embolism, pressure sores or ulcers, intraoperative fractures, and periprosthetic or postoperative fractures demonstrated significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionsThe use of cemented hemiarthroplasty in patients with femoral neck fractures presented better results when compared to uncemented hemiarthroplasty in terms of HRQoL during the first year after surgery and greater mortality reduction at 1 year follow‐up and reduced the need for further surgery. Therefore, the use of cemented hemiarthroplasty may be preferred for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in elderly patients.
A novel transcription factor OsMYB73 affects grain size and chalkiness by regulating endosperm storage substances' accumulation‐mediated auxin biosynthesis signalling pathway in rice
Authors: Liu Song , Wu Jiamin , Mawia Amos Musyoki , Wei Xiangjin , Cao Ruijie , Jiao Guiai , Wu Yawen , Zhang Jian , Xie Lihong , Sheng Zhonghua , Hu Shikai , Li Sanfeng , Lv Yusong , Lu Feifei , Chen Yujuan , Fiaz Sajid , Tabassum Javaria , Du Zhimin , Gao Fangyuan , Ren Guangjun , Shao Gaoneng , Hu Peisong , Tang Shaoqing 
Published: December 2024

SummaryEnhanced grain yield and quality traits are everlasting breeding goals. It is therefore of great significance to uncover more genetic resources associated with these two important agronomic traits. Plant MYB family transcription factors play important regulatory roles in diverse biological processes. However, studies on genetic functions of MYB in rice yield and quality are rarely to be reported. Here, we investigated a nucleus‐localized transcription factor OsMYB73 which is preferentially expressed in the early developing pericarp and endosperm. We generated targeted mutagenesis of OsMYB73 in rice, and the mutants had longer grains with obvious white‐belly chalky endosperm appearance phenotype. The mutants displayed various changes in starch physicochemical characteristics and lipid components. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that OsMYB73 was chiefly involved in cell wall development and starch metabolism. OsMYB73 mutation affects the expression of genes related to grain size, starch and lipid biosynthesis and auxin biosynthesis. Moreover, inactivation of OsMYB73 triggers broad changes in secondary metabolites. We speculate that rice OsMYB73 and OsNF‐YB1 play synergistic pivotal role in simultaneously as transcription activators to regulate grain filling and storage compounds accumulation to affect endosperm development and grain chalkiness through binding OsISA2, OsLTPL36 and OsYUC11. The study provides important germplasm resources and theoretical basis for genetic improvement of rice yield and quality. In addition, we enriches the potential biological functions of rice MYB family transcription factors.
Radiotherapy‐Induced Stevens–Johnson Syndrome/ Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in an Adolescent Girl With Diffuse Glioma of the Pons
Authors: Chiong Terri , Koh Mark Jean Ann 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRadiotherapy is a rare cause of Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS)/ toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), especially in the pediatric age group. Most of the reported cases were concomitantly started on anti‐epileptic drugs. Herein, we present a case of radiotherapy induced SJS/TEN in an adolescent girl in the absence of anti‐epileptic drug use. Radiotherapy should be included as a potential cause for SJS/TEN, recognizing the important impact on management of the underlying malignancy.
Light responses during early day phases of CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) and PSEUDO‐RESPONSE REGULATOR (PRR) homologous genes in the moss Physcomitrium patens
Authors: Chiso Katsuhiro , Yamashino Takafumi , Suzuki Ryo , Gans Tanja , Trogu Silvia , Hughes Jon , Aoki Setsuyuki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCircadian clocks facilitate organisms' adaptation to the day‐night environmental cycle. Some of the component genes of the clocks (“clock genes”) respond directly to changes in ambient light, supposedly allowing the clocks to synchronize to and/or oscillate robustly in the environmental cycle. In the dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the clock genes CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1), LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) and PSEUDO‐RESPONSE REGULATOR 9 (PRR9) show transient expression in response to the morning light. Here we studied light responses of CCA1a/CCA1b and PRR2, homologous genes to CCA1/LHY and PRR9, respectively, in the moss Physcomitrium patens. We found that light of different wavelengths induced PRR2 while they repressed CCA1a/CCA1b. A disruption strain lacking all phytochrome genes lost PRR2 induction, but still maintained CCA1a/CCA1b repression. The remaining light repression of CCA1a/CCA1b was impaired by the photosynthesis inhibitor 3‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1,1‐dimethylurea. Probably therefore, a phytochrome signaling induces PRR2, whereas a photosynthesis‐mediated signaling represses CCA1a/CCA1b. Conservation and divergence in the clock gene responses between P. patens and A. thaliana are discussed.
Can rules ground moral obligations?
Authors: Robinson Luke 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhat are the principles that ground our moral obligations? One obvious answer is that they are prescriptive rules that govern conduct by imposing obligations much like (certain) legal rules govern conduct by imposing legal obligations. This rule conception of moral principles merits our attention for at least three reasons. It's the obvious and most straightforward way to develop the analogy between morality and law, and between moral principles and legal rules. It appears to fit some prominent theories of morality and justice (e.g., Brad Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, David Gauthier's contractarianism, and John Rawls's contractualism), and thus to possibly derive support from its fit with them. And it promises to account for the ability of moral principles to do the explanatory, counterfactual‐supporting, and necessity‐grounding work that they do. Moreover, it seems to be an integral part of some prominent theories (e.g., those of Gauthier, Kant, and Christine Korsgaard). However, I will argue that we should reject it. Moreover, by warranting the rejection of an obvious rival, the arguments presented herein strengthen the case for a dispositional (or powers) conception of moral principles, and perhaps for certain other conceptions, as well.
Mabuchi Kähler solitons versus extremal Kähler metrics and beyond
Authors: Apostolov Vestislav , Lahdili Abdellah , Nitta Yasufumi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUsing the Yau–Tian–Donaldson type correspondence for ‐solitons established by Han–Li, we show that a smooth complex ‐dimensional Fano variety admits a Mabuchi soliton provided it admits an extremal Kähler metric whose scalar curvature is strictly less than . Combined with previous observations by Mabuchi and Nakamura in the other direction, this gives a characterization of the existence of Mabuchi solitons in terms of the existence of extremal Kähler metrics on Fano manifolds. An extension of this correspondence to ‐solitons is also obtained.
Thermodynamic formalism for subsystems of expanding Thurston maps and large deviations asymptotics
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Shi Xianghui , Zhang Yiwei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractExpanding Thurston maps were introduced by Bonk and Meyer with motivation from complex dynamics and Cannon's conjecture from geometric group theory via Sullivan's dictionary. In this paper, we introduce subsystems of expanding Thurston maps motivated via Sullivan's dictionary as analogs of some subgroups of Kleinian groups. We use thermodynamic formalism to prove the Variational Principle and the existence of equilibrium states for strongly irreducible subsystems and real‐valued Hölder continuous potentials. Here, the sphere is equipped with a natural metric, called a visual metric, introduced by Bonk and Meyer. As an application, we establish large deviation asymptotics for expanding Thurston maps.
Loss of mucin 2 and MHC II molecules causes rare resistance to murine RV infection
Authors: Bomidi Carolyn , Sawyer Faith M. , Shroyer Noah , Conner Margaret , Estes Mary K. , Blutt Sarah E. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Enteric pathogen rotavirus (RV) primarily infects mature enterocytes at the tips of the intestinal villi; however, the role of secretory Paneth and goblet cells in RV pathogenesis remains unappreciated. Atoh1 knockout mice (Atoh1cKO) were used to conditionally delete Paneth, goblet, and enteroendocrine cells in the epithelium to investigate the role of secretory cells in RV infection. Unexpectedly, the number of infected enterocytes and the amount of RV shedding in the stool were greatly decreased following secretory cell deletion. Resistance to RV infection persisted for 7 days after virus inoculation, and Atoh1 knockout mice co-housed with infected wild-type mice were uninfected, based on lack of shedding virus, despite the highly infectious nature of RV. This response was directly proportional to the extent of secretory cell deletion, with infection predominantly occurring in areas containing intact secretory cells. RV infection of
Muc2
knockout mice recapitulated the secretory cell deletion phenotype, indicating that goblet cell loss is responsible for attenuated infection. Transcriptome analysis of Atoh1cKO intestine via single-cell RNA sequencing revealed downregulation of MHC II molecules specifically in tip enterocytes, and MHC II
-/-
mice were likewise resistant to RV infection. These data suggest a previously unknown role for both MUC2 and MHC II expression in susceptibility to RV infection.

IMPORTANCE
Rotavirus (RV) is a highly contagious pathogen that primarily infects mature intestinal enterocytes. Murine rotavirus readily infects infant and adult mice, enabling evaluation of RV infection and immunity. We report that mice lacking secretory cells are one of the few genetically modified mouse lines not susceptible to murine rotavirus. Further investigation revealed loss of mucin 2 (MUC2) expression or major histocompatibility complex II (MCH II) expression recapitulated this rare resistance to rotavirus infection, suggesting a previously unrecognized link between secretory cell products and major histocompatibility complex II expression. Furthermore, these mouse models provide a platform to investigate rotavirus pathogenesis.
Complete genome sequence of hydroquinonesulfonate-assimilating bacterium,
Delftia lacustris
HQS1
Authors: Takeo Masahiro , Ohtaki Seiwa , Ishizawa Hidehiro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome assembly of a hydroquinonesulfonate-assimilating bacterium,
Delftia lacustris
strain HQS1. This strain contains one circular chromosome (6,979,964 bp) and one circular plasmid (39,999 bp). The chromosomal sequence contained 6,359 coding sequences and a gene cluster involved in the degradation of gentisate, which is structurally similar to hydroquinonesulfonate.
Complete genome sequence of fluoroacetate-degrading
Caballeronia
sp. S22 strain (DSM 8341) as a reference resource for investigations of microbial defluorination
Authors: Badel Catherine , Bocconetti Enrico , Khodr Radi , Husser Claire , Ryckelynck Michael , Vuilleumier Stéphane 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

A complete genome sequence of
Caballeronia
sp. strain S22 capable of growing with fluoroacetate as the sole source of carbon and energy was obtained by PacBio technology. It consists of seven circular replicons totaling 9,367 kb, with a gene cluster involved in fluoroacetate utilization on its smallest 172 kb plasmid.
Cappable-seq RNA-sequencing data sets of
Escherichia coli
K-12 MG1655 treated with novobiocin, tetracycline, and rifampicin
Authors: Balkin Alexander , Plotnikov Andrey , Konnova Tatiana , Shagimardanova Elena , Hamo Hamza , Gogolev Yuri , Gogoleva Natalia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Mapping transcription start sites and determining their activity remain a challenging task even for well-studied organisms. Here, we present Cappable-seq RNA sequencing data of
Escherichia coli
K-12 MG1655 after treatment with three antibiotics with various spectra of action that may expand the range of mapped transcription start sites for this model organism.
Culture collection containing 1,240 isolates from healthy Canadian laying hens
Authors: Feng Zhixuan (Tiffany) , Suh Jinha , Ronholm Jennifer 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The pure culture of prokaryotes is essential to understanding their physiology. To facilitate research into better understanding the roles of individual bacteria in the gastric microbiome in chickens, we have established a culture collection of 1,240 isolates from fecal samples collected from healthy laying hens from across Canada.