bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety and the Everyday inLila
Authors: Tanner Laura E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAlthough Lila seems to promise access to the interiority of a character whose life has unfolded under the stresses of poverty, abuse, and homelessness, the novel captures the rhythms of its protagonist’s existence through acts of narrative repetition and deflection that defend against intimacy. Lila’s inability to feel at home reflects a self-consciousness rooted in the trauma of childhood abandonment, violence, and forced sex work. The structure of the novel reflects Lila’s experiences of anxiety and shame by constantly revisiting her detachment from the lived world of the novel. The novel adopts a radical stance, replacing the narrative construction of Lila’s interiority with the disrupted rhythm of an everyday world that remains flat and inaccessible. This chapter explores why and how Lila refuses to lend the reader the intimate access to character or the heightened acts of perception that many critics see as characteristic of Robinson’s fiction.
A Handbook for Wellbeing Policy-Making
Authors: Frijters Paul , Krekel Christian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Around the world, governments are starting to directly measure the subjective wellbeing of their citizens and to use it for policy evaluation and appraisal. What would happen if a country were to move from using GDP to using subjective wellbeing as the primary metric for measuring economic and societal progress? Would policy priorities change? Would we continue to care about economic growth? What role would different government institutions play in such a scenario? And, most importantly, how could this be implemented in daily practice, for example in policy evaluations and appraisals of government analysts, or in political agenda-setting at the top level? This book provides answers to these questions from a conceptual to a technical level by showing how direct measures of subjective wellbeing can be used for policy evaluation and appraisal, either complementary in the short run or even entirely in the long run. It gives a brief history of the idea that governments should care about the happiness of their citizens, provides theories, makes suggestions for direct measurement, derives technical standards, shows how to conduct wellbeing cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analyses, and gives examples of how real-world policy evaluations and appraisals would change if they were based on subjective wellbeing. In doing so, the book serves the growing interest of governments as well as non-governmental and international organizations in how to put subjective wellbeing metrics into policy practice.
Wellbeing Measurement and Policy Design—Measures, Key Findings, and Wellbeing Frameworks
Authors: Frijters Paul , Krekel Christian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The second chapter is targeted at readers who wish to know what matters for subjective wellbeing, and in particular for those who wish to design policies in order to improve it. It begins with an extensive discussion on the direct measurement of wellbeing, covering both prevalent current measures and promising future measures, after which it presents some key findings and rules of thumb on what influences wellbeing. It then organizes the wellbeing lessons for governments by discussing the relation between wellbeing and four areas where government is very active: the provision of basic comforts, the regulation and production of experience goods and skills, the importance of status concerns, and social identities. This come with rules of thumb on how to recognize possible improvements and some indication as to what would be good value for money in terms of interventions. This chapter also discusses frameworks of wellbeing to aid appraisals, evaluations, and overall policy thinking in different areas. It presents a mental framework that embeds wellbeing into the whole economy (a capital framework) and then apply the theories and general framework to mental health and relationship-type interventions. The chapter ends with a taxonomy of thinking about wellbeing in government departments, including departments directly oriented towards some aspect of wellbeing (like health) and others that are oriented towards enabling the government to function (like tax authorities) or towards identity (like culture).
The Idea of Semitic Monotheism
Authors: Stroumsa Guy G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, a sequel to my A New Science: The Discovery of Religion in an Age of Reason (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010), I study some major aspects of the scholarly study of religion in the long nineteenth century—from the Enlightenment to the First World War. More precisely, I seek to understand the new status of Judaism and Islam in the formative period of the new discipline. In order to do that, I focus on the concept of Semitic monotheism, a concept developed by Ernest Renan around the mid-nineteenth century, on the basis of the postulated (and highly problematic) contradistinction between Aryan and Semitic families of peoples, cultures, and religions. This contradistinction grew from the Western discovery of Sanskrit and its relationship with European languages, at the time of the Enlightenment and Romanticism. Together with the rise of scholarly Orientalism, this discovery offered new perspectives on the East, as a consequence of which the Near East was demoted, as it were, from its traditional status as the locus of the biblical revelations. The book essentially studies a central issue in the modern study of religion. Doing so, however, it emphasizes that the new dualistic taxonomy of religions had major consequences and sheds new light on the roots of European attitudes to Jews and Muslims in the twentieth century and up to the present day.
Cultural Transfers andPhilologia Orientalis
Authors: Stroumsa Guy G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn France, the negotiation between religious and national identity had been strongly polarized between religious traditionalists of the Catholic party and secularist inheritors of the revolutionary agenda. Furthermore, unlike in the German lands, which shared no capital city, the new fields of study were mostly concentrated in Parisian scholarly institutions, whereas little of scholarly significance occurred in provincial universities. Finally, the role and status of Jews in the study of religion in France differed strikingly from their parallel role and status in Germany. A prominent reason for this difference, of course, was the non-theological character of most scholarly institutions, even before the final suppression of the Faculty of Theology at the Sorbonne in 1882.
A Jesus of White Marble or a Jesus in the Flesh?
Authors: Stroumsa Guy G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDespite the early loss of his Christian faith, Renan held onto a lifelong belief in the incommensurability of Christianity with Judaism and Islam. This entailed his perception of an unbridgeable chasm between Christianity and the two “Semitic religions.” Such insistence originated in his understanding of Jesus as a unique figure, one who stood at the very core of the world history of religions. It is in his Life of Jesus that he expressed most clearly his views on the founder of Christianity. First published in 1863, Renan’s Vie de Jésus would swiftly become, in the original as well as in its multiple translations, a nineteenth-century international best seller. The chapter reassess the roots of Renan’s project, as well as its impact. Finally, we compare Renan and the Jewish historian Joseph Salvador on the figure of Jesus.
Secular Scholarship in France
Authors: Stroumsa Guy G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBetween the French and German worlds of knowledge, a complex movement of cultural and intellectual transfers retained capital importance, from Voltaire’s days at the court of Friedrich II in Potsdam to Heine’s Parisian years, and beyond. On the French side, such contacts in the study of religions can often be traced to the activity of Protestant and Jewish scholars. The French-speaking Protestant theologians, including those in Geneva and in the Huguenot “Refuge” in Holland, sought to emulate liberal Lutheran theologians in the leading German universities, developing daring new approaches to Scriptural interpretation, while many Jewish scholars moved from Germany to France in search of academic posts. This forms the background to the unique development in France of a non-theological study of religion, by Protestant and Jewish scholars together with their Catholic colleagues, in new, secular institutions.
From the Quarrel of Monotheism to theBabel–BibelControversy
Authors: Stroumsa Guy G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe chapter ponders the massive international impact of Renan’s views on Semitic monotheism. This impact, spread across linguistic, religious, and political borders, enduringly echoed the idea of Semitic monotheism. At the same time, it triggered a series of polemical responses that questioned the very legitimacy of the idea. The chapter also reviews new developments among German historians of religion in the last decades of the nineteenth century on the approach of biblical monotheism. In particular, we focus on another major scholarly affair, which took place at turn of the century, around a scholarly school that sought to discredit the idea of the Israelite origins of monotheism. These developments must be understood in the context of the growing racial anti-Semitism. The significant role of Jewish scholars in both affairs, in which the status of ancient Israelite monotheism was questioned, will also be surveyed.
The Clockmaker’s Cosmos
Authors: Ivanič Suzanna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
On one level confessional distinction began to define material culture in the first decades of the seventeenth century, but a microhistorical approach reveals the persistence of plural devotional practices and beliefs. A close reading of the 1635 inventory of a court clockmaker, Kúndrat Šteffenaúr, reveals the complex intersections of confessions in Central Europe. It indicates an environment in which a wide range of devotional options were available. Analysis of Kúndrat’s possessions as individual items, and how they were kept together, shows the need to think across and beyond confessional boundaries of Protestant versus Catholic in order to understand lay religious beliefs and practices at this historical moment of confessional rupture. This chapter examines the inventory from two perspectives: first, it surveys the confessional spectrum of objects—Protestant books, Catholic devotional jewellery, clocks, and charms—contextualizing them and exploring why they may have come into Kúndrat’s possession; second, it offers an interpretation of the objects as items that formed Kúndrat’s individual cosmos, as ‘fragmented religion’.
Camping Grounds
Authors: Young Phoebe S.K. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Camping appears to be a simple proposition, a time-honored way of getting away from it all. Yet as this book demonstrates, the simplicity of camping is deceptive, its history and meanings far from obvious. Why do some Americans find pleasure in sleeping outside, particularly when so many others, past and present, have had to do so for reasons other than recreation? A closer look at the history of camping since the Civil War reveals unexpected connections between its various forms and its deeper significance as an American tradition linked to core beliefs about nature and national belonging. Never only a vacation choice, camping has been something people do out of dire necessity and as a tactic of political protest. Still, the dominance of recreational camping as a modern ideal and natural idyll has obscured other forms from our collective memory. Camping Grounds rediscovers these unexpected and interwoven histories of sleeping outside. It uses extensive research to trace surprising links between such varied campers as veterans, tramps, John Muir, newly freed African Americans, and early leisure campers in the nineteenth century; federal campground designers, Depression-era transients, family car campers, backpacking enthusiasts, countercultural youth, and political activists in the twentieth century; the crisis of the unsheltered and the tent-based Occupy movement in the twenty-first. These entwined stories show how Americans camp to claim a place in the republic and why public spaces of nature are critical to how we relate to nature, the nation, and each other.
The Roads Home
Authors: Young Phoebe S.K. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Chapter 2 follows the early travels of John Muir to get a glimpse of the highly mobile landscape of the decades that followed the Civil War, particularly in the South and West. Before he rose to fame as the founder of the Sierra Club, Muir walked the country’s roads alongside mobile laborers, newly freed African Americans, and Native peoples. For them, as for the itinerant naturalist, sleeping outside could constitute a marginal and perilous, if all-too-familiar existence. Muir alternately knocked on strangers’ doors, slept outside in fear of disease and alligators, and herded sheep in Sierra meadows. His interpretations and criticisms of Black and Indigenous people figured into Muir’s seminal perspectives on wilderness, which in turn influenced changing views of public nature, including recreational and nonrecreational campers alike in the late nineteenth century.
When Near Becomes Far
Authors: Balberg Mira , Weiss Haim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
When Near Becomes Far explores the representations and depictions of old age in the rabbinic Jewish literature of late antiquity. Through close literary readings and cultural analysis, the book reveals the gaps and tensions between idealized images of old age on the one hand, and the psychologically, physiologically, and socially complicated realities of aging on the other hand. The authors argue that while rabbinic literature presents various statements on the qualities and activities that make for good old age, on the respect and reverence that the elderly should be awarded, and on harmonious intergenerational relationships, it also includes multiple anecdotes and narratives that portray aging in much more nuanced and poignant ways. These anecdotes and narratives relate, alongside fantasies about blissful or unnoticeable aging, a host of fears associated with old age: from the loss of beauty and physical capability to the loss of memory and mental acuity, and from marginalization in the community to being experienced as a burden by one’s own children. Each chapter of the book focuses on a different aspect of aging in the rabbinic world: bodily appearance and sexuality, family relations, intellectual and cognitive prowess, honor and shame, and social roles and identity. As the book shows, in their powerful and sensitive treatments of aging, rabbinic texts offer some of the richest and most audacious observations on aging in ancient world literature, many of which still resonate today.
Introduction
Authors: Balberg Mira , Weiss Haim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The introduction describes the book’s aims and methodological premises. It explains the book’s emphasis on cultural and literary representations of old age, and particularly its interest in biosocial aspects of aging. The introduction also highlights the authors’ preference for sources in which old age seems like a peripheral rather than central theme, arguing that in order to construct a complex and nuanced picture of aging as a cultural trope in rabbinic literature it is necessary to examine how old age is performed in the texts, rather than merely how it is officially talked about. The introduction further outlines the authors’ approach to rabbinic narrative art, and it provides a survey of key rabbinic notions and definitions of old age. It concludes with an outline of the book’s chapters.
Squawk to Them like Roosters
Authors: Balberg Mira , Weiss Haim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Chapter 2 examines aging in the context of parent-child relationships. This chapter closely examines one lengthy Talmudic unit (BT Qiddushin 30b–32a) whose overt topic is the duty to respect one’s parents and in which appears a series of stories that are all concerned with the reversal of power relations between generations and with the breaking of taboos that this reversal threatens to entail. The chapter traces several key motifs in the unit, such as the effect of aging on gender hierarchies, the theological dimension of relations with aged parents, and the reorganization of public and private spaces when old age is involved. It argues that each story propagates a behavioral norm and subverts it at the very same time, thereby divulging the rabbis’ uncertainty and consternation when it comes to the difficulties inherent to elderly parents’ gradual exit from the social order.
Toward Another View of Legal Negotiation: The Structure of Problem Solving
Authors: Menkel-Meadow Carrie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article outlines a systematic approach to legal negotiation premised on the notion that agreements will be more effective when the parties conceive of their purposes as solving the problem or planning the transaction, rather than winning or gaining unilateral advantage. The creative problem-solving approach depends on two structural components: (1) identifying the parties’ underlying needs and objectives; and (2) crafting solutions, first by attempting to meet those needs directly, and second, by attempting to meet more of those needs through expanding the resources available. By utilizing such a framework for negotiations, the parties should recognize the synergistic advantage of such an approach over the adversarial and manipulative strategies of zero-sum negotiations. Parties should be able to achieve solutions to disputes that would not have been possible in court-ordered resolutions. Ultimately, by viewing legal negotiation as an opportunity to solve both the individual needs and problems of their clients, and the broader social needs and problems of the legal system, negotiators have an opportunity to transform an intimidating, mystifying process into one which will better serve the needs of those who require it.
Finding “Angels” for the Boat People
Authors: Stockhausen Ulrike Elisabeth 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis chapter covers evangelical resettlement of Southeast Asian refugees from 1975 to the early 1980s. During this time, a number of evangelical organizations ran resettlement ministries and refugee service programs. This chapter describes the professionalization of evangelical refugee resettlement, including the founding of the first evangelical resettlement agency, World Relief Refugee Services. Evangelical volunteers and former missionaries to Vietnam played a significant role in running recreational and educational activities in the refugee resettlement camps in the mid-1970s. These “missionaries without a country” became an important resource for the Immigration and Naturalization Service, which relied on their interpreting and translating services. By differentiating between mainstream evangelical and progressive evangelical responses to the government’s appeal for evangelical sponsors, this chapter shows that evangelicals’ political stances on the US involvement in Vietnam fundamentally shaped their response to the refugees.
Thailand
Authors: Doner Richard F. , Noble Gregory W , Ravenhill John 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Thailand is our primary case of successful extensive development. The impressive volume of Thai-based automotive assembly and vehicle and parts exports, the largest in the ASEAN region, reflects a highly efficient assembly base, dominated by foreign assemblers and component producers and driven largely by growth of capital stock rather than by indigenous productivity. This trajectory has been the result of deliberate policy interventions, such as automotive FDI incentives, excise taxes and tariffs designed to promote scale economies, and cluster-related infrastructure. These policies have been formulated and implemented by relatively cohesive institutional networks motivated by broader economic concerns, especially foreign exchange problems. Yet those same factors have not resulted in intensive growth: a manufacturing complex based at least in part on domestic firms producing parts and components, providing intermediate and capital goods, improving processes, and participating in product design.
Introduction
Authors: Ben-Shahar Omri , Porat Ariel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This chapter introduces the main themes of the book. Personalized law is a new paradigm of legal order, where uniform rules are replaced by commands that vary across people. Like other personalized schemes, personalized law would rely on algorithms that sort through Big Data to identify personal features relevant to the optimal design of personalized legal treatments. The chapter illustrates this novel regime by imagining a day in the life of a typical household. It then outlines the benefits, but also the challenges and problems of personalized law, and maps out how the book addresses them. Part I of the book examines the benefits of personalized law. Part II demonstrates personalized legal rules in a variety of areas. Part III addresses the problem of equality under the law. Part IV explores additional problems of coordination, manipulation, and the power of data in the hands of governments. The concluding chapter discusses the role of human lawmakers in personalized law.
Personalization and Distributive Justice
Authors: Ben-Shahar Omri , Porat Ariel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This chapter examines how equality in the eyes of the law would survive if legal commands are personalized and result in different rules for different people. It argues that nothing in the framework of personalized law violates equality before the law. On the contrary, personalized treatment provides tools to distribute rights and burdens in a manner that conforms to egalitarian views and to notions of desert and need. If desert and need are determined by relevant attributes in a proportional manner, a just system should treat people differently. The chapter examines how personalized law, when designed to promote goals other than equality, could be bolstered (or constrained) by various notions of distributive justice. It recognizes that the use of Big Data and artificial intelligence could itself be a source of injustice, perpetuating historical biases. The chapter discusses ways to resolve this concern. Finally, it compares the deliberate differentiation of commands under personalized law with unintended forms of differential treatment pervasive under uniform laws. It concludes that the use of a multitude of relevant factors to personalize commands, derived from transparent statistical methods, offers novel opportunities to promote distributive justice goals under the law.
Seeking the Roots of The Music Man
Authors: McHugh Dominic 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
While Meredith Willson is best remembered for his first musical The Music Man, he was fifty-five years old when it opened on Broadway in 1957. It is not generally known that he had already enjoyed a highly successful career before then, nor is the impact of his previous career on The Music Man fully understood. This chapter explores his activities as a performer in the John Sousa band and New York Philharmonic, as a radio conductor and host, as a Hollywood arranger and composer, as a pop song writer, as a novelist, music educator, and writer of memoirs, to show how the eclecticism of his musical taste and expertise led to his greatest work.