bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of psilocybin microdosing on awe and aesthetic experiences: a preregistered field and lab-based study
Authors: van Elk Michiel , Fejer George , Lempe Pascal , Prochazckova Luisa , Kuchar Martin , Hajkova Katerina , Marschall Josephine 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThere is an increased societal trend to engage in microdosing, in which small sub-hallucinogenic amounts of psychedelics are consumed on a regular basis. Following subjective reports that microdosing enhances the experience of nature and art, in the present study we set out to study the effects of psilocybin microdosing on feelings of awe and art perception. In this preregistered combined field- and lab-based study, participants took part in a microdosing workshop after which they volunteered to self-administer a psilocybin microdose or a placebo for three consecutive weeks, while the condition was kept blind to the participants and researchers. Following a 2-week break, the condition assignment was reversed. During each block, participants visited the lab twice to measure the effects of psilocybin microdosing vs. placebo. We used standardized measures of awe, in which participants reported their experiences in response to short videos or when viewing abstract artworks from different painters. Our confirmatory analyses showed that participants felt more awe in response to videos representing funny animals and moving objects in the microdosing compared to the placebo condition. However, about two-third of our participants were breaking blind to their experimental condition. Our exploratory findings suggest that expectancy-effects may be a driving factor underlying the subjective benefits of microdosing.
Hybride Wissensarbeit
Authors: Oeste-Reiß Sarah , Bittner Eva , Cvetkovic Izabel , Günther Andreas , Leimeister Jan Marco , Memmert Lucas , Ott Anja , Sick Bernhard , Wolter Kathrin 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungAufgrund der Fortschritte im Bereich der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) ergeben sich neue Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten zur Reorganisation von Wissensarbeit an der Schnittstelle von Menschen und Maschine. Durch die Verschmelzung von menschlicher und künstlicher Intelligenz können komplementäre Stärken zum Lösen von Arbeitsaufgaben gebündelt werden. Neuartige Wissensarbeitssysteme sind erforderlich, die Wissensarbeitende sowohl bei der Ausübung von Routineaufgaben als auch Nichtroutineaufgaben unterstützen.Der Schlagwortartikel umreißt die Grundlagen von Wissensarbeit und arbeitet die Charakteristika von Routineaufgaben und Nichtroutineaufgaben innerhalb von Arbeitsprozessen auf. Es werden Grenzen klassischer IT-gestützter Wissensarbeitssysteme als Werkzeuge umrissen, die Wissensarbeitende im Arbeitsprozess unterstützen. Aufbauend darauf diskutiert der Artikel, dass technologische Fortschritte eine arbeitsprozessintegrierte und personalisierte Unterstützung von Wissensarbeitenden erlauben. Dazu verweist der Artikel auf die Charakteristika von kollaborativ interaktiv lernenden Systemen. Darauf aufbauend werden Hybride Wissensarbeitssysteme vorgestellt, die sowohl das KI-unterstützte menschliche Lernen als auch das Mensch-unterstützte maschinelle Lernen unterstützen. In diesem Zusammenhang beschreibt der Artikel definitorische Grundlagen von menschlicher, künstlicher und hybrider Intelligenz, stellt drei Archetypen von Mensch-Maschine-Aufgaben innerhalb von hybriden Wissensarbeitssystemen vor und umreißt drei Gestaltungsdimensionen solcher Systeme. Mittels eines Praxisbeispiels zum kollaborativen Schreiben von Journalist*innen beschreibt der Artikel exemplarisch die hybride Wissensarbeit. Der Artikel schließt mit einem Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschungsbedarfe.
A biomechanical comparison of a cement-augmented odontoid screw with a posterior-instrumented fusion in geriatric patients with an odontoid fracture type IIb
Authors: Schwarz Falko , Liebsch Christian , Berger-Roscher Nikolaus , Wilke Hans-Joachim , Sakr Yasser , Kalff Rolf , Waschke Albrecht 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Possible surgical therapies for odontoid fracture type IIb include odontoid screw osteosynthesis (OG) with preservation of mobility or dorsal C1/2 fusion with restriction of cervical rotation. In order to reduce material loosening in odontoid screw osteosynthesis in patients with low bone density, augmentation at the base of the axis using bone cement has been established as a suitable alternative. In this study, we compared cement-augmented OG and C1/2 fusion according to Harms (HG).

Methods
Body donor preparations of the 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae were randomized in 2 groups (OG vs. HG). The range of motion (ROM) was determined in 3 principle motion plains. Subsequently, a cyclic loading test was performed. The decrease in height of the specimen and the double amplitude height were determined as absolute values as an indication of screw loosening. Afterward, the ROM was determined again and loosening of the screws was measured in a computed tomography.

Results
A total of 16 were included. Two groups of 8 specimens (OG vs. HG) from patients with a median age of 80 (interquartile range (IQ) 73.5–85) years and a reduced bone density of 87.2 (IQ 71.2–104.5) mg/cc dipotassium hydrogen phosphate were examined for their biomechanical properties. Before and after exposure, the OG preparations were significantly more mobile. At the time of loading, the OG had similar loading properties to HG decrease in height of the specimen and the double amplitude height. Computed tomography revealed similar outcomes with regard to the screw loosening rate (62.5 vs. 87.5%, p = 0.586).

Conclusion
In patients with an odontoid fracture type IIb and reduced bone density, cement-augmented odontoid screw yielded similar properties in the loading tests compared to the HG. It may, therefore, be considered as a primary alternative to preserve cervical mobility in these patients.
Self-adapting data migration in the context of schema evolution in NoSQL databases
Authors: Hillenbrand Andrea , Störl Uta , Nabiyev Shamil , Klettke Meike 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWhen NoSQL database systems are used in an agile software development setting, data model changes occur frequently and thus, data is routinely stored in different versions. The management of versioned data leads to an overhead potentially impeding the software development. Several data migration strategies exist that handle legacy data differently during data accesses, each of which can be characterized by certain advantages and disadvantages. Depending on the requirements for the software application, we evaluate and compare different migration strategies through metrics like migration costs and latency as well as precision and recall. Ideally, exactly that strategy should be selected whose characteristics fulfill service-level agreements and match the migration scenario, which depends on the query workload and the changes in the data model which imply an evolution of the database schema. In this paper, we present a methodology of self-adapting data migration, which automatically adjusts migration strategies and their parameters with respect to the migration scenario and service-level agreements, thereby contributing to the self-management of database systems and supporting agile development.
Effects of outplanting time on growth, shedding and quality of Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) in its northern distribution range
Authors: Matsson Sanna , Metaxas Anna , Forbord Silje , Kristiansen Svein , Handå Aleksander , Bluhm Bodil A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTo reach the goal of large-scale seaweed cultivation in Norway and the rest of Europe, new knowledge about the commercially important kelp species Saccharina latissima is needed. Efforts to maximise biomass by outplanting the seaweed in different seasons can affect seaweed quality. Here, we investigate the effects of outplanting time (February, April, and May) when cultivating S. latissima in the northern range of the species’ distribution. We studied the quantity and quality of the seaweed biomass produced in the autumn following outplanting. Effects on quantity were evaluated as seaweed frond area, relative daily growth rate (DGR) and relative daily shedding rate (DSR). Quality was evaluated by tissue content of carbon and nitrogen compounds and number of fouling epizoans. Cultivation was successful when seedlings were outplanted in both February and April, but not in May. An earlier outplanting, in February, gave a prolonged time for grow-out at sea prior to the main recruitment event of epizoans that occurred in September, thereby earlier outplanting resulted in larger frond areas. The frond area reached in September was doubled when seedlings were outplanted in February compared to April, whereas a later outplanting in April gave a higher DGR and DSR, higher carbon content, and lower amount of fouling epizoans. The outplanting season did not affect tissue nitrate concentration or internally stored nitrate. These results show that outplanting time is an important factor to consider especially for biomass yield, but also for seaweed quality, including epibiosis of the seaweed biomass.
Alzheimer’s Disease and Epilepsy: A Perspective on the Opportunities for Overlapping Therapeutic Innovation
Authors: Lehmann Leanne , Lo Alexandria , Knox Kevin M. , Barker-Haliski Melissa 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEarly-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with variants in amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin (PSEN) 1 and 2. It is increasingly recognized that patients with AD experience undiagnosed focal seizures. These AD patients with reported seizures may have worsened disease trajectory. Seizures in epilepsy can also lead to cognitive deficits, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Epilepsy is roughly three times more common in individuals aged 65 and older. Due to the numerous available antiseizure drugs (ASDs), treatment of seizures has been proposed to reduce the burden of AD. More work is needed to establish the functional impact of seizures in AD to determine whether ASDs could be a rational therapeutic strategy. The efficacy of ASDs in aged animals is not routinely studied, despite the fact that the elderly represents the fastest growing demographic with epilepsy. This leaves a particular gap in understanding the discrete pathophysiological overlap between hyperexcitability and aging, and AD more specifically. Most of our preclinical knowledge of hyperexcitability in AD has come from mouse models that overexpress APP. While these studies have been invaluable, other drivers underlie AD, e.g. PSEN2. A diversity of animal models should be more frequently integrated into the study of hyperexcitability in AD, which could be particularly beneficial to identify novel therapies. Specifically, AD-associated risk genes, in particular PSENs, altogether represent underexplored contributors to hyperexcitability. This review assesses the available studies of ASDs administration in clinical AD populations and preclinical studies with AD-associated models and offers a perspective on the opportunities for further therapeutic innovation.
Large Eddy Simulation of the By-pass Transition Process under Different Inlet Turbulence Conditions
Authors: Barsi Dario , Costa Carlo , Lengani Davide , Simoni Daniele , Ubaldi Marina 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe transition process of the boundary layer developing over a flat plate with elevated inlet Free Stream Turbulence Intensity (FSTI) has been studied by means of Large Eddy Simulation (LES). To this purpose, four cases with different inflow disturbances have been tested varying the magnitude and the length scale of turbulence. LES has been performed by using the finite-volume ANSYS Fluent code. The computational domain, which was constituted by a rectangular domain with a zero thickness plate, was based on an ERCOFTAC test case in order to provide a validation with a well-known set of data by comparing the boundary layer integral parameters and mean and fluctuating streamwise velocity profiles.The four cases were discussed within the paper by looking at classical statistical properties as well as advanced post-processing tools. It was shown that the decrease in the free stream turbulence level postpones the transition location, whereas the variation of the integral length scale has a very low influence on the distribution of the time-mean flow properties. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) has been applied to the instantaneous LES flow fields in order to provide a statistical representation of the structures responsible for transition and their response to free-stream turbulence intensity and length scale. The presence of vortical filaments parallel to the wall, typically referred as boundary layer streaks, is clearly identified; their characteristic dimensions and how they change as a function of FSTI properties were analyzed within the paper.
Performance Comparison of the Deep Learning and the Human Endoscopist for Bleeding Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Yen Hsu-Heng , Wu Ping-Yu , Su Pei-Yuan , Yang Chia-Wei , Chen Yang-Yuan , Chen Mei-Fen , Lin Wen-Chen , Tsai Cheng-Lun , Lin Kang-Ping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Management of peptic ulcer bleeding is clinically challenging. Accurate characterization of the bleeding during endoscopy is key for endoscopic therapy. This study aimed to assess whether a deep learning model can aid in the classification of bleeding peptic ulcer disease.

Methods
Endoscopic still images of patients (n = 1694) with peptic ulcer bleeding for the last 5 years were retrieved and reviewed. Overall, 2289 images were collected for deep learning model training, and 449 images were validated for the performance test. Two expert endoscopists classified the images into different classes based on their appearance. Four deep learning models, including Mobile Net V2, VGG16, Inception V4, and ResNet50, were proposed and pre-trained by ImageNet with the established convolutional neural network algorithm. A comparison of the endoscopists and trained deep learning model was performed to evaluate the model’s performance on a dataset of 449 testing images.

Results
The results first presented the performance comparisons of four deep learning models. The Mobile Net V2 presented the optimal performance of the proposal models. The Mobile Net V2 was chosen for further comparing the performance with the diagnostic results obtained by one senior and one novice endoscopists. The sensitivity and specificity were acceptable for the prediction of “normal” lesions in both 3-class and 4-class classifications. For the 3-class category, the sensitivity and specificity were 94.83% and 92.36%, respectively. For the 4-class category, the sensitivity and specificity were 95.40% and 92.70%, respectively. The interobserver agreement of the testing dataset of the model was moderate to substantial with the senior endoscopist. The accuracy of the determination of endoscopic therapy required and high-risk endoscopic therapy of the deep learning model was higher than that of the novice endoscopist.

Conclusions
In this study, the deep learning model performed better than inexperienced endoscopists. Further improvement of the model may aid in clinical decision-making during clinical practice, especially for trainee endoscopist.
Sexual dysfunctions and short-term glucose variability in young men with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Caruso Paola , Cirillo Paolo , Carbone Carla , Sarnataro Annalisa , Maiorino Maria Ida , Bellastella Giuseppe , Esposito Katherine 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE) are common sexual disorders in people with diabetes. Glucose variability (GV) has been recognized as a predictor of microvascular complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between glucose variability and sexual dysfunctions in young men with type 1 diabetes.

Methods
One hundred and twelve patients with type 1 diabetes, aged 18–30 years, were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups according to glucose variability [group 1 (high GV with coefficient of variation ≥ 36%)] and group 2 (low GV with coefficient of variation < 36%)). The presence of sexual dysfunctions was investigated with validated questionnaires.

Results
ED and PE prevalence rates in group 1 were 26% and 13%, respectively. Similarly, in group 2, the prevalence of ED was 24%, and the prevalence of PE was 13%. In both groups, no significant associations between sexual dysfunctions and parameters of glucose variability were found. Multiple regression analysis identified age and depression as independent predictors of ED and PE.

Conclusion
Young male patients affected by type 1 diabetes with high or low glucose variability show a similar prevalence of sexual dysfunctions. ED is the most common sexual dysfunction in diabetic men. Age and depression were the only independent predictive factors for sexual dysfunctions in this population.
Three-dimensional printing for heart diseases: clinical application review
Authors: Ma Yanyan , Ding Peng , Li Lanlan , Liu Yang , Jin Ping , Tang Jiayou , Yang Jian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHeart diseases remain the top threat to human health, and the treatment of heart diseases changes with each passing day. Convincing evidence shows that three-dimensional (3D) printing allows for a more precise understanding of the complex anatomy associated with various heart diseases. In addition, 3D-printed models of cardiac diseases may serve as effective educational tools and for hands-on simulation of surgical interventions. We introduce examples of the clinical applications of different types of 3D printing based on specific cases and clinical application scenarios of 3D printing in treating heart diseases. We also discuss the limitations and clinically unmet needs of 3D printing in this context.
Computational investigation of combustion instabilities in an air heater with a new computational model
Authors: Yuan L. , Shen C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
On the basis of air heater characteristics, a new computational model was developed in this paper, which was aimed at investigating acoustics and instabilities in air heaters. This model included the effects of mean flow, viscosity, entropy waves, non-linear acoustics and realistic boundary conditions. In addition, it was practical for air heaters with hundreds of injectors, complex configurations and geometries. Analytical solutions of acoustics in a closed rectangular cavity were used to verify and validate the computational model. It was shown that the predicted critical parameters of air heater agreed well with the experimental data or design values. This model predicted the self-excited spinning tangential modes without any preliminary assumptions about them. Traditional combustion response function assumes that combustion mainly takes place in a so-called rapid combustion zone, and this zone is usually modelled as a disc in the combustor near the injection head. However, in practice, the flame has a spatial distribution. This paper described the effect of flame spatial distribution on predictions of oscillation frequency and mode. It was found that frequency and mode shape of oscillations closely depended on the length of the heat release zone. Comparison of different heat release zones indicated that the increment of heat release length exhibited an increased tendency toward lower-order longitudinal modes, when the heat release zone was located near the faceplate where it was the pressure antinode of the longitudinal mode. Modulation of heat release length might cause bifurcations between standing and turning modes. A noticeable tendency was toward higher-order standing tangential mode with increasing heat release length. Finally, theoretical analysis of the modal behaviour, i.e. standing or spinning waves, was performed.
Effects of alternating elliptical chamber on jet impingement heat transfer in vane leading edge under different cross-flow conditions
Authors: Xiao K. , He J. , Feng Z. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes an alternating elliptical impingement chamber in the leading edge of a gas turbine to restrain the cross flow and enhance the heat transfer, and investigates the detailed flow and heat transfer characteristics. The chamber consists of straight sections and transition sections. Numerical simulations are performed by solving the three-dimensional (3D) steady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations with the Shear Stress Transport (SST) k–
$\omega$
turbulence model. The influences of alternating the cross section on the impingement flow and heat transfer of the chamber are studied by comparison with a smooth semi-elliptical impingement chamber at a cross-flow Velocity Ratio (VR) of 0.2 and Temperature Ratio (TR) of 1.00 in the primary study. Then, the effects of the cross-flow VR and TR are further investigated. The results reveal that, in the semi-elliptical impingement chamber, the impingement jet is deflected by the cross flow and the heat transfer performance is degraded. However, in the alternating elliptical chamber, the cross flow is transformed to a pair of longitudinal vortices, and the flow direction at the centre of the cross section is parallel to the impingement jet, thus improving the jet penetration ability and enhancing the impingement heat transfer. In addition, the heat transfer in the semi-elliptical chamber degrades rapidly away from the stagnation region, while the longitudinal vortices enhance the heat transfer further, making the heat transfer coefficient distribution more uniform. The Nusselt number decreases with increase of VR and TR for both the semi-elliptical chamber and the alternating elliptical chamber. The alternating elliptical chamber enhances the heat transfer and moves the stagnation point up for all VR and TR, and the heat transfer enhancement is more obvious at high cross-flow velocity ratio.
Switching to a Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Center: Lessons From Ariana Hospital Experience
Authors: Belloumi Nidhal , Bachouch Imene , Chermiti Ben Abdallah Fatma , Fenniche Soraya 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAfter the translating of the worldwide pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease from South East Asia to Europe, North African countries accelerate their steps to follow WHO guidelines to prepare the outbreak response. In March 2020, the Tunisian Ministry of Health switched Abderrahmen Mami Hospital to a COVID-19 center. The main objectives were management of patients but also setting-up new rules to permit enough safety for the staff members and harmony between medical, nonmedical, and administrative departments within the facility. Organization and communication during the fast-paced preparation process were crucial to get enough qualified human resources, material resources, and clear procedural texts in place before cases arrived in huge numbers. A group of medical and administrative experts within a central crisis unit brought this challenge into reality.