bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of serum macronutrients level and depression among adolescents and its association with pre-hypertension: A cross sectional study
Authors: S Abeetha , R. Thirunavukarasu , R. Divya , S. Suma , M. Ganesh , S. Sadhana , Mugunthan . 
Published: November 2021

Introduction and Aim: Serum macronutrients measurement prove to be precedent values with regard to diagnose hypertension at an earlier age. Depression in any form could be ruinous to younger generation, also could precipitate hypertension. The aim of the study is to estimate serum calcium, magnesium levels, grade depression and to establish its association with prehypertension.

Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 68 students aged 17-19 years over a two months period. Blood samples were drawn and serum magnesium and calcium were estimated. Depression was assessed by administering KADS – 6 questionnaires. Blood Pressure was measured by auscultatory method using mercury sphygmomanometer. All parameters were presented as mean ± SD. Chi square test was used to compare proportions for the groups. Unpaired t test was used to compare the groups. ANOVA was used to compare the groups for continuous variables. Statistical analysis was done using Epi info (version 6.04d) software package.

Results: More than 44% of the study participants had elevated serum calcium levels, while about 10% of them had elevated serum magnesium levels. More than half (58.8%) of the participants were pre-hypertensive. One third of the study participants were depressed of which about 10% of them had severe depression. The prevalence of prehypertension was 2.1 times higher among participants having hypercalcemia when compared to participants who have normal serum calcium levels with 95% CI of 1.38 - 3.22 which is statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). The study could not establish a statistical difference between different groups with regards to serum magnesium levels and depression.

Conclusion: Our study portrays the widely prevalent depression and pre-hypertension in younger generation and exhibits firm evidence on measuring serum macronutrient levels to diagnose pre-hypertension before time that can prevent the disease load and help ineffective management.
25 años del Centro de Investigación de Arquitectura Tradicional
Authors: Vela Cossío Fernando 
Published: November 2021

El Centro de Investigación de Arquitectura Tradicional (CIAT) es un centro científico-tecnológico fruto del convenio suscrito en 1996 entre la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y el Ayuntamiento de Boceguillas (Segovia, España) para el desarrollo de actividades de investigación, formación y difusión de los valores de la arquitectura y la construcción tradicionales, la ciudad histórica, el paisaje cultural y el patrimonio edificado. La excelente disposición del Ayuntamiento de Boceguillas, la ayuda recibida de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y de su Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura, y la financiación recibida de la Consejería de Fomento de la Junta de Castilla y León y del Programa Leader II de la Unión Europea (gestionado en la comarca nordeste de Segovia por CODINSE) hicieron posible la rehabilitación del edificio que alberga su sede y el inicio de su programa de actividades, que celebra en 2021 su veinticinco aniversario.
Origin of water-soluble organic aerosols at the Maïdo high-altitude observatory, Réunion Island, in the tropical Indian Ocean
Authors: Simu Sharmine Akter , Miyazaki Yuzo , Tachibana Eri , Finkenzeller Henning , Brioude Jérôme , Colomb Aurélie , Magand Olivier , Verreyken Bert , Evan Stephanie , Volkamer Rainer , Stavrakou Trissevgeni 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The tropical and subtropical Indian Ocean (IO) is
expected to be a significant source of water-soluble organic aerosols
(WSOAs), which are important factors relevant to cloud formation of aerosol
particles. Current atmospheric numerical models significantly underestimate
the budget of organic aerosols and their precursors, especially over
tropical oceans. This is primarily due to poor knowledge of sources and the
paucity of observations of these parameters considering spatial and temporal
variation over the tropical open ocean. To evaluate the contribution of
sources to WSOA
as well as their formation processes, submicrometer aerosol
sampling was conducted at the high-altitude Maïdo observatory
(21.1∘ S, 55.4∘ E; 2160 m a.s.l.), located on the remote
island of La Réunion in the southwest IO. The aerosol samples were
continuously collected during local daytime and nighttime, which
corresponded to the ambient conditions of the marine boundary layer (MBL)
and free troposphere (FT), respectively, from 15 March to 24 May 2018.
Chemical analysis showed that organic matter was the dominant component of
submicrometer water-soluble aerosol (∼ 45 ± 17 %)
during the wet season (15 March–23 April). On the other hand, sulfate
dominated (∼ 77 ± 17 %) during the dry season (24 April–24 May),
most of which was attributable to the effect of volcanic
eruption. Measurements of the stable carbon isotope ratio of water-soluble
organic carbon (WSOC) suggested that marine sources contributed
significantly to the observed WSOC mass in both the MBL and the FT in the
wet season, whereas a mixture of marine and terrestrial sources contributed
to WSOC in the dry season. The distinct seasonal changes in the dominant
source of WSOC were also supported by Lagrangian trajectory analysis.
Positive matrix factorization analysis suggested that marine secondary organic aerosol (OA)
dominantly contributed to the observed WSOC mass (∼ 70 %)
during the wet season, whereas mixtures of marine and terrestrial sources
contributed during the dry season in both MBL and FT. Overall, this study
demonstrates that the effect of marine secondary sources is likely important
up to the FT in the wet season, which may affect cloud formation as well as
direct radiative forcing over oceanic regions.
Child sexual abuse: increasing pandemic incidence
Authors: Ramirez Fabian Danilo Unigarro , Rolim Neto Modesto Leite 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The increase of violence against children is characterized as a serious public health problem. The media has continuously reported cases of: rape perpetrated against children, increased violence against this age group and alarming epidemiological data resulting from the isolation of the pandemic by SARS-CoV-2.
Methods: Studies were identified using large-circulation international journals found in two electronic databases: Scopus and Embase.
Results: Cases of harassment, rape, manipulation of the child's genitals, oral, anal or genital penetration, pedophilia, exploitation, dissemination of erotic images of children in social networks, exhibitionism, masturbation, Voyeurism and incestuous abuse are classified as child sexual abuse. The numbers of legal abortions in child and adolescent victims of rape tends to increase a 100% taking into account the in the first cases of 2020.
Conclusion: discussions for the implementation of public policies and healthcare for children victims of sexual abuse are important for prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and reintegration into the society, considering all the sequel that this vulnerable group acquires after the crime.
Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Biological Important Algae Hydrodictyon reticulatum L.
Authors: Jaffer Mehwish , Ashraf Hammad , Shaheen Shabnum 
Published: November 2021

The recent research was directed to explore the phytochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Hydrodictyon reticulatum L. The samples were then identified morphologically and anatomically. By using different solvents algal extracts were prepared. The phytochemical activity of algal samples were performed to determine the presence or absence of alkaloids, steroids, tannin, triterpenoids, saponin, terpenoids, quinine, coumarins, phlobatannins, phytosteroids and flavonoids. Two bacterial strains S. aureus and E. coli were used to determine the antibacterial activity of algal extracts. The greatest activity was appeared by the methanolic extract against the fungal strain S. aureus i.e. 12.5±0.088 mm, while the aqueous extract showed the maximum anti-bacterial activity that was 12.2±0.058 mm beside E. coli. These findings were relatively equivalent to the results of standard Amkasin that was normally used as antibiotic in the market. The results of antifungal movement was indicated greatest having the solvent (CH3)2CO separate i.e. 1.8±0.058 mm against A. niger. While methanol extricate indicated 2.35±0.058 mm against the strain F. solani. DPPH rummaging activity, TAA and TPC were performed to determine the action of reticulatum. In the event of DPPH the most extreme IC50 recorded was from the chloroform extricate. While in TPC methanol extricate indicated most extreme esteem 67.14±0.54 mm and in TAA ethanol showed greatest esteem i.e. 0.88±0.01 µg/L. These results demonstrated that the Hydrodictyon reticulatum had phytochemical, cancer prevention agent and antimicrobial potential and suggested for pharmaceutical use.
Antimicrobial Study of Selected Medicinal Plants (Datura stramonium L. and Hippophae rhamnoides L.) of Hunza Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan
Authors: Abbas Qamar , Batool Shahina , Khan Sher Wali , Hussain Azhar , Din Saif Ud , Nafees Maisoor Ahmed , Ali Shamsher , Faizi Muhmmad Ali , Ullah Asad 
Published: November 2021

The adverse environmental and human health impact of chemical use against micro-organism is profoundly increased. For this motive, substitute methods to minimize chemicals are being developed. One of the effective methods is use plant extracts which having natural antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate ethanolic extract of Datura stramonium L. (leaves) and Hippophae rhamnoides (fruits) against the selected micro-organisms. Results revealed that mean zone of inhibition for bacterial species ranged from 23±0.72 to 27±1.24 mm in case of Hippophae rhamnoides and from 21±0.79 to 30±1.06 mm in case of D. stramonium leaves respectively. For antifungal activity, the inhibition zone ranges from 39.42±1.07 to 47.22±2.11 mm in case of D. stramonium and from 38.42±1.19 to 48.46±2.32 mm in case of H. rhamnoides. However, sensitivity reaction of bacterial and fungal species against each plant extract was also differential. D. stramonium showed highest toxic effect against E. coli (30±1.06 mm)) and Aspergillus flavus (47.22±2.11mm). Whereas, H. rahmnoides showed highest zone of inhibition against bacterial species (B. subtilis 27±1.24 mm) and fungal species (R. stolonifer 48.46±2.32 mm). Both plant extract exhibited antimicrobial properties, which could be used against micro-organisms.
Zdalne zarządzanie placówką oświatową w ocenie dyrektorów
Authors: Leżucha Magdalena 
Published: November 2021

System szkolnictwa w Polsce przeszedł w okresie izolacji społecznej, spowodowanej pandemią COVID-19, przyspieszony proces wdrażania rozwiązań edukacyjnych na odległość, związany z zaangażowaniem wszystkich podmiotów – uczniów, nauczycieli, rodziców i władz różnych szczebli. Stosunkowo najmniej zbadane zostały opinie dyrektorów szkół na temat szans i wyzwań, które ta nadzwyczajna sytuacja postawiła przed nimi. W niniejszym tekście przedstawione zostały wyniki badania nad tą właśnie grupą podmiotów systemu edukacji (Pyżalski, 2020).
Analiza wyników badania ankietowego unaoczniła fakt niewystarczającego poziomu przygotowania szkół do nauczania online. Jako pozytywny efekt edukacji zapośredniczonej dyrektorzy szkół podkreślają zaangażowanie nauczycieli i ich współpracę, stosowanie nowoczesnych metod i narzędzi edukacyjnych, próby angażowania uczniów do samokształcenia i samoedukacji, rozwijanie ich kompetencji, integrowanie szkolnego środowiska. Według respondentów zdalna edukacja ma szansę bytu w przyszłości tylko pod warunkiem rozwoju kompetencji cyfrowych nauczycieli i uczniów, poznania nowych narzędzi i rozbudowania bazy dydaktycznej. Rozwój kompetencji kreatywnych nauczycieli stanowi według dyrektorów szansę na powodzenie nauczania online w przyszłości (Madalińska-Michalak, 2020).
Według badanych słabą stroną kształcenia na odległość są braki technologiczne i przeciążenie nauczycieli dodatkowymi obowiązkami. Badani dyrektorzy szkół obawiają się negatywnych skutków edukacji zdalnej w postaci osłabienia relacji społecznych, a przede wszystkim braku możliwości pełnej realizacji procesu wychowawczego.
Edukacja zdalna to ogromne wyzwanie logistyczne dla dyrektorów szkół oraz codzienne mierzenie się z problemami natury technicznej, technologicznej, komunikacyjnej z nauczycielami, rodzicami i uczniami. Dla wielu z nich jest to nierówna walka, którą podejmują, ponieważ są odpowiedzialni za swoich uczniów, pracowników oraz szkołę.
Szkoła i nauczyciel w warunkach zmiany edukacyjnej
Authors: Leżucha Magdalena 
Published: November 2021

Pandemia Covid-19 postawiła szkołę i nauczycieli przed nowymi wyzwaniami. Takim wyzwaniem stała się obecnie konieczność organizacji na nowo szkoły, która została przeniesiona z sal lekcyjnych do sieci oraz nauczania zdalnego i hybrydowego. Wielu z nauczycieli odczuwało z tego powodu presję oraz dyskomfort wobec wykorzystywania narzędzi cyfrowych. Jedyną drogą było podjęcie wyzwania i stawienie czoła nieznanym obszarom oraz dostosowanie się do wymagań edukacji zapośredniczonej. Skuteczne prowadzenie nauczania online, w atrakcyjnych dla uczniów formach, oznacza konieczność stałego doskonalenia własnych kompetencji tak, by chociaż w pewnym stopniu nadążyć za dynamiką zmian rzeczywistości.
Okres izolacji społecznej wymusił zmiany w każdej dziedzinie ludzkiej działalności, które nie ominęły również działań edukacyjnych. Mimo problemów związanych z zawieszeniem zajęć w ramach tradycyjnego nauczania, wiele przeszkód udało się szkole i nauczycielom pokonać. Stan ten uwydatnił jednak sporo braków edukacyjnych, a biegłe stosowanie nowoczesnych technologii w procesie dydaktycznym okazało się nieosiągalne dla wielu nauczycieli.
Pewne jest jednak, że umiejętne prowadzenie nauczania z wykorzystaniem komputera i Internetu stało się jednym z niezbędnych wymogów stawianych nauczycielom. Jak pokazuje doświadczenie ostatnich kilkunastu miesięcy, konieczność szybkiego dostosowania się do zmian, mimo szeregu negatywnych konsekwencji, spowodowało, że wielu dyrektorów i nauczycieli przełamało lęk przed stosowaniem narzędzi cyfrowych i z powodzeniem będzie je nadal wykorzystywać w swojej pracy.
Analysis of different tropospheric energies in the surroundings of the Bay of Bengal during different cyclonic periods
Authors: ALAM M.D. MAHBUB , SHAFEE SULTANA 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT. Upper-air data of 0000 UTC for standard isobaric surfaces at surface, 850, 700, 500, 400, 300, 200, 150 and 100 hPa levels for the different cyclonic periods in the last decade were considered for study. The dry static energy, the latent heat energy, the moist static energy and the total energy and their vertical distribution were studied in the surroundings of the Bay of Bengal in relation to the movement of the cyclone and their ultimate landfall. The effects of different tropospheric energies considering the pressure as a vertical coordinate are discussed with the help of graphs.
Strategic direction and its impact in the areas of strategic change of sports institutions in Iraq
Authors: Mustafa hameed hussein  
Published: November 2021

The research dealt with the extent of the impact of strategic direction on strategic change, and the researcher tried to present an analytical framework for the views of a selected sample within the research sample, especially since the independent variable represented by the strategic direction has garnered wide interest because it opens up the thinking windows of senior management, while the dependent variable represented change The strategic understanding of the methodology of change and its management is one of the most important roles of managerial leadership at the present time. The research started from a research problem represented by the following questions:

What is the relationship of the strategic direction and its impact on the sports organization, and do managers realize the nature of the relationship between it and strategic change?
How can the strategic direction affect the areas of strategic change in the sports organization?

The researcher tested the correlation and influence relationship between the "strategic orientation" that represents the behavior of administrative leaders as individuals and "strategic change" in their sports institutions that they lead. Through this study, several theoretical and practical conclusions were reached, the most important of which were: -

There is a relationship and a moral influence between the strategic direction factors and areas of strategic change.
The strategic change in the research sample was significantly affected by the strategic direction at the macro level and on the level of the sub-factors that compose it.

The researcher recommended that the sports institution should adopt a specific and studied policy in the field of strategic change, and this includes the existence of plans and action programs to implement such a policy, as any change must be subject to study, planning, and programming and not to improvisation and randomness.
Intellectual emptiness and its relationship to mental distraction among some students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences
Authors: Meriam Abdul-ameer  , Sahira Razzaq  
Published: November 2021

The study aimed to prepare psychological measures of intellectual emptiness and mental distraction on university students. The two researchers used the descriptive approach in the two methods of surveying and correlational relations to suit the nature of the research, where the study sample consisted of (101) students of physical education and sports sciences. The phrase- Intellectual emptiness(35) and (34) is a phrase for mental distraction and presented it to experts in psychology, testing and measurement, and the statistical bag for social sciences (spss) was used, and the results of the research showed that intellectual emptiness has a moral relationship with straying among some students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, and the necessity Providing a university environment dominated by an atmosphere of intellectual openness and respect for opinion and the other opinion
Self-programming of information and its relationship to some offensive skills in volleyball among female students
Authors: Haneen Mohammed Hussein  , Muna Talib Albadry  
Published: November 2021

The researchers used the descriptive approach with the two methods of survey study and correlational relations, and the research community was identified with the students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kufa, their number was (26) students, then a sample of (20) students was chosen, then after that the scale was selected and applied and the offensive skills tests in volleyball On the research sample, then the scientific foundations were extracted and the appropriate statistical treatments were used to reach the results, after which the results were presented, analyzed and discussed. As for the objectives of the research, they included in several points, namely:
1- Recognizing the degree of self-programming of information in volleyball among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kufa.
2- To identify the degree of offensive skills in volleyball among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kufa.
3- Knowing the relationship between the degree of self-programming of information and the degree of offensive skills in volleyball among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kufa.
As for imposing research, it includes:
1- There is a correlation between self-programming of information and offensive skills in volleyball among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kufa.Areas of research include:
1-Human field: Female students of the fourth stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa for the academic year 2020-2021.
2-Time range: for the period from 1/11/2020 to 29/11/2021.
3-Spatial field: Hall of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa.
Impact of Affective Factors on Senior High School Students with Low English Reading Ability
Authors: Liu Chubai , Luo Xinjie 
Published: November 2021

In 2017, the Ministry of Education promulgated the General High School English Curriculum Standards (2017 Edition), which stressed the importance of affective factors in English learning. This study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods such as student questionnaires and interviews to explore the motivational function of affective factors and its negative influence upon English reading of 80 students with low English reading ability in a high school in Jiujiang. The results of the study show that reading anxiety is common among high school students, the internal motivation for English reading is weak and the external motivation is strong, the self-efficacy of reading is not clear and firm. The study further found that the great academic pressure and high school students&rsquo; self-awareness which are subject to external environment, language and other factors cause high school students&rsquo; anxiety, the international social environment and examination system have a large impact on high school student&rsquo; external motivation. In order to improve the English reading ability of high school students, this research tries to make corresponding suggestions for teachers, students and other aspects from the perspective of affective factors. As for the English teachers, they should set up diversified activities and increase the interest of teaching content in order to promote emotions with knowledge. As for the students, they should clarify their tasks to enhance learning motivation. The school should set up mental health courses and psychological counseling room and provide psychological training for teachers. Then, parents should try to communicate with students and learn to ask for help rather than paying too much attention to students&rsquo; performance.
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Laser Opto-Electronic Oscillator and the Modulation of a Laser Emission
Authors: Bortsov Alexander 
Published: November 2021

The autonomous optoelectronic generator (OEO) is considered in the chapter as a source of low-noise oscillations. Differential equations are considered and methods with OEO modulation with direct and external modulation are analyzed. The complexity of both approaches is related to the non-standard way of description of the nonlinear method modulation for the internal (direct) structure and the utilization of the specific Mach-Zehnder modulator for the first stage on external modulation. The purpose of the presentation is to consider the main features of OEO as a low-noise generator. This includes consideration based on the study of differential equations, the study of transients in OEO, and the calculation of phase noise. It is shown that different types of fibers with low losses at small bending radii can be used as a FOLD in OEO. The important role of the choice of a coherent laser for OEO with a small spectral line width is shown. The prospects of using structured fibers with low losses at bends of less than 10 mm in OEO are described. The results of modeling dynamic processes in OEO with direct modulation are presented.