bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversi sebagai Bentuk Perlindungan Anak dalam Sistem Peradilan di Indonesia
Authors: Suwandewi Ni Ketut Ayu , Adiyaryani Ni Nengah 
Published: July 2021

Anak merupakan entitas yang wajib untuk dilindungi dan dijunjung tinggi hak-haknya oleh setiap negara di dunia. Komitmen Indonesia dalam memberikan perlindungan anak tercermin dalam Pasal 28 B ayat (2) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Pemberian perlindungan oleh negara tidak hanya dalam melindungi anak sebagai korban maupun saksi, namun juga dalam memastikan bahwa anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum menerima perlindungan hukum yang memadai. Undang -Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2011 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (UU SPPA) merupakan pedoman dasar dalam pemberian perlindungan terhadap anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum, kendatipun masih memberikan batasan mengenai kualifikasi anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana yang berhak untuk menjalani proses diversi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaturan perlindungan terhadap anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum dan diversi sebagai bentuk perlindungan anak dalam sistem peradilan di Indonesia. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa pengaturan mengenai perlindungan terhadap anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum tertuang di berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, khususnya undang-undang yang mengatur tentang kesejahteraan anak, perlindungan anak, hak asasi manusia, dan sistem peradilan pidana anak. Diversi merupakan bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum. Dengan demikian, penanganan kasus anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum pada tingkat kepolisian, kejaksaan dan pemeriksaan di pengadilan wajib mengupayakan diversi.
A reinterpretation of the Archaean stratigraphy south of Nkandla, southern Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa: Geophysical and stratigraphic constraints on a sheared granitoid-greenstone remnant
Authors: Hicks N. , Gold D.J.C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A new lithostratigraphic framework based upon a review of historic data, field mapping and remote sensing, including aerial photography, high-resolution airborne aeromagnetic and radiometric data, is proposed for the Archaean geology along the southeastern margin of the Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa. A synthesis of new and existing data reveals that previously accepted lithostratigraphic schemes require complete revision, with reinterpretations identifying multiple major shear zones and previously unidentified granitoid successions along the margin of the craton. In this new lithostratigraphic framework, lithologies of the Southern Syncline previously correlated with the Nsuze Group of the Pongola Supergroup, are redefined as greenstone lithologies associated with the Ilangwe Greenstone Belt.
The geology of the Nkandla region can be subdivided into five distinct geophysical domains including: (i) an extension of the Ilangwe Greenstone Belt, (Domain 1) which is subdivided into; a lower volcanic succession, the Thathe Formation, comprising pillow and amygdaloidal volcanics; the adjoining Sabiza Formation, comprising pillow volcanics exposed in the southeast of the study area; the volcano-sedimentary Mtshwili Formation, which overlies the Thathe and Sabiza formations, consisting of quartz (sericite) schist, phyllite, metavolcanics and iron formation; the Nomangci Formation, which occurs as a region of highly deformed quartz-kyanite-sericite schists, and the Simbagwezi Formation, which comprises maroon to green phyllites and schists in the north of the study area. (ii) granitoids of the Impisi Granitoid Suite (Domain 2) which border the greenstone succession to the north, intruding the Nomangci and Simbagwezi formations. (iii) a southern complex of sheared granitoids termed the Umgabhi Granitoid Suite (Domain 3), which intrudes the Thathe, Sabiza and Mtshwili formations. (iv) The two remaining domains, comprise the Mesoproterozoic Mfongosi and Ntingwe Groups (Domain 4) and Mesoarchaean volcano-sedimentary sequences of the Pongola Supergroup (Domain 5).
Stratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental interpretation of late Quaternary colluvial slope deposits in southern Africa
Authors: Knight J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSlope and lowland sediment systems throughout southern Africa are dominated by the presence of colluvium with interbedded palaeosols and hardground duricrusts. These sediments correspond to phases of land surface instability and stability, respectively, during the late Quaternary. This study examines the stratigraphy and environmental interpretation of slope sediment records from specific sites in southern Africa for the period of marine isotope stages (MIS) 6 to 1 (~191 ka to present), informed by theoretical ideas of the dynamics of slope systems including sediment supply and accommodation space. Based on this analysis, phases of land surface instability and stability for the period MIS 6 to 1 are identified. The spatial and temporal patterns of land surface conditions are not a simple reflection of climate forcing, but rather reflect the workings of slope systems in response to climate in addition to the role of geologic, edaphic and ecological factors that operate within catchment-scale sediment systems. Considering these systems dynamics can yield a better understanding of the usefulness and limitations of slope sediment stratigraphies.
A LA-ICPMS zircon record of magmatic crystallization and compositional alteration in meta-igneous rocks of the eastern Kaapvaal Craton
Authors: Bolhar R. , Hofmann A. , Allen C.M. , Maas R. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Archaean zircons from the Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa, were analyzed by Laser Ablation (LA)-ICP-MS to obtain a coupled record of U-Th-Pb isotope ratios and selected trace elements with the aim to develop insights into physico-chemical conditions during igneous zircon crystallization and subsequent compositional alteration. Four rock samples previously dated by SIMS U-Pb using zircon were selected: 3.56 Ga Ngwane Gneiss, 3.55 Ga Theespruit felsic metavolcanic, 3.50 Ga Steynsdorp Gneiss and 2.98 Ga Nhlangano Gneiss. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages agree with published SIMS U-Pb ages within analytical uncertainty. Assessment of the magmatic crystallization histories was based on near-concordant grains, and discordant grains were used to examine post-igneous element mobilization and alteration. Time-resolved laser drilling experiments allowed distinction of concordant and discordant zircon domains, but also revealed systematic changes in REE + Ti geochemistry, U + Th content, discordance and metamictization. Th/U and Zr/Hf, coupled with REE patterns, effectively distinguish compositional zircon types that reflect variable degrees of igneous differentiation and melt compositions. Eu/Eu* values indicate significant feldspar fractionation in some magmas. Averaged crystallization temperatures of magmatic zircons, as derived from the Ti-in-zircon thermometer, define a narrow range of 650 to 750°C for (near-)concordant grains, consistent with general constraints on temperatures at zircon saturation for felsic magmas, and testifying to a closed-system behavior of Ti (and other trace elements). Systematic deviations from primary igneous trace element signatures are strongly correlated with radiation damage. Specifically, Th/U and, to some extent, Zr/Hf decrease, and Ti increases with increasing U (+Th) content and isotopic disturbance (discordance).
Virtual test occlusion for assessing ischemic tolerance using computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Kuribara Tomoyoshi , Mikami Takeshi , Iihoshi Satoshi , Hirano Toru , Sasamori Daisuke , Nonaka Tadashi , Mikuni Nobuhiro 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Ischemic tolerance has been evaluated by the balloon test occlusion (BTO) for cerebral aneurysms and tumors that might require parent artery occlusion during surgery. However, because of its invasiveness, a non-invasive evaluation method is needed. In this study, we assessed the possibility of virtual test occlusion using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as a non-invasive alternative to BTO for evaluating ischemic tolerance.

Methods:
Twenty-one patients who underwent BTO were included in the study. Virtual test occlusion was performed using CFD analysis, and the flow rate (FR) and wall shear stress (WSS) of the middle cerebral artery on the occlusion side were calculated. The correlations between these parameters and examination data including the parameters of computed tomography perfusion during BTO were assessed and the cutoff value of CFD parameters for detecting the good collateral group was calculated.

Results:
The FR was strongly correlated with mean transit time (MTT) during BTO and moderately correlated with collateral flow grade based on angiographic appearance. The WSS was moderately correlated with collateral flow grade, mean stump pressure (MSP), and MTT. Furthermore, the FR and WSS were strongly correlated with the total FR and the diameters of the inlet vessels. The cutoff value of FR for detecting the good collateral group was 126.2 mL/min, while that of the WSS was 4.54 Pa.

Conclusion:
The parameters obtained through CFD analysis were correlated with collateral flow grade and MSP in addition to MTT. CFD analysis may be useful to evaluate ischemic tolerance as a non-invasive alternative to BTO.
Conus medullaris intramedullary arachnoid cyst- case report and review of the literature
Authors: Thakur Vishal Vishnu , Rangnekar Ranjit Devidas , Aroor Shashank , Kesavapisharady Krishnakumar , Abraham Mathew 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Spinal intramedullary cysts present a radiological dilemma. We present a rare case of a conus intramedullary arachnoid cyst and report on its differentiating features and management.

Case Description:
We report a case of a 30-month-old child who presented with decreased gluteal sensation and urinary dribbling for 6 months. Apart from some slowness in walking, the power was normal in all four limbs. Imaging showed a non-enhancing, T2-weighted hyperintense 12 × 8 mm conus intramedullary cyst without any edema. A T12-L1 laminotomy followed by marsupialization of the cyst was done. Histopathology was suggestive of an arachnoid cyst. The postoperative course was uneventful with improvement in muscle strength and achievement of regular milestones. We also present the pertinent review of the literature to date.

Conclusion:
Intramedullary arachnoid cysts are a rare entity and should form the differential diagnosis for cysts presenting in the conus medullaris. Simple decompressive options may suffice for symptomatic cases and radical excision may be avoided. A high index of suspicion is essential considering the subtle nature of presenting symptoms.
Volumetric analysis of subthalamic nucleus and red nucleus in patients of advanced Parkinson’s disease using SWI sequences
Authors: Kolpakwar Swapnil , Arora Abhishek J. , Pavan S. , Kandadai Rukmini M. , Alugolu Rajesh , Saradhi M. Vijaya , Borgohain Rupam 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Parkinson’s disease is associated with significant changes in morphometry of subthalamic nucleus (STN); however, not much is known as the disease progresses. The aim of present study was to investigate the volume of STN and Red nucleus (RN) on 3T-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its possible correlation with disease progression in advanced Parkinson’s disease patients.

Methods:
Patients of advanced Parkinson’s disease were prospectively followed for clinical details, motor severity scores, and radiological evaluation. Volumes of the STN and RN were measured on susceptibility weighted imaging, coronal sections in 3T MRI and were correlated with demographic and clinical features.

Results:
A total of 52 patients were included in our study. There were 42 (80.77%) males and 10 (19.23%) females. Mean age of onset of Parkinson’s disease was 49.48 + 10.90 years. Average duration of disease in the present cohort was 7.65 + 4.31 years. Average STN and RN volume were 103.46 + 21.17 mm3 and 321.73 + 67.66 mm3. Age of onset, disease duration and Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III scores were not found to be associated with changes in STN Volumes. Weak positive trend was noted between RN volume and disease duration (Pearson cor. 0.204, P = 0.14). Patients in early-onset Parkinson’s disease group had significantly more volume of RN than patients in late-onset Parkinson’s disease group (P = 0.014).

Conclusion:
Disease duration and early age of onset in Parkinson’s disease can be associated with increased RN volume. Volume of STN shows relatively no change even with disease progression.
Zonas de Amortecimento de Unidades de Conservação: Conceitos, Legislação e Possibilidades no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Brito Rafael Martins , Mirandola Garcia Patricia Helena , Chávez Eduardo Salinas 
Published: July 2021

O estabelecimento de zonas de amortecimento tem papel fundamental para o sucesso das Unidades de Conservação (UCs), através de critérios e normas específicas. O trabalho objetivou revisar, analisar e discutir os principais critérios utilizados para a delimitação de zonas de amortecimento no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Foram adotados procedimentos de identificação dos critérios a partir de consultas bibliográficas aos planos de manejo das UCs e de documentos cartográficos. Os resultados indicam que os principais critérios utilizados para delimitação de zonas de amortecimento são os limites físico-geográficos de bacias hidrográficas, áreas protegidas, faixas territoriais limítrofes como rodovias, estradas e cursos d’água. Nota-se em alguns casos que a aplicação de limites genéricos, como os dispostos na Resolução CONAMA 10/93 e 428/2010, excluem áreas importantes próximas às unidades, como nascentes e fragmentos importantes de vegetação. Identifica-se a necessidade de exposição mais clara, objetiva e concisa desses critérios nos Planos de Manejo. Buffer Zones of Conservation Units: Concepts, Legislation, and Possibilities in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul ABSTRACTThe establishment of buffer zones has a fundamental role in the success of the Conservation Units, through specific criteria and rules for its delimitation and management. This paper aims to review, analyze, and discuss the main criteria used for limitate buffer zones in Mato Grosso do Sul. We adopted procedures for identifying the criteria from bibliographic consultations to the UCs’ management plans and cartographic documents. The results indicate that the main criteria used for the delimitation are the physical and geographic limits of hydrographic basins, protected areas, and bordering territorial bands such as highways, roads, and watercourses. We noted in some cases that the application of generic limits, such as those provided for in CONAMA’s resolutions, exclude important areas close to the units, such as river springs and important vegetation fragments. We identified the need for clearer, more objective, and concise exposure of these criteria in the Management Plans. Keywords: Conservation Units; Buffer Zones; Mato Grosso do Sul.
Hacia la construcción de un sistema nacional de rendición de cuentas y fiscalización superior en México
Authors: J. Manjarrez 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Accountability and superior auditing of public resources are basic conditions of modern democracies and part of the state reform. To reinforce accountability and superior audit institutions it is proposed to integrate a National System of Accountability and Superior Auditing. This System is meant to enhance the effectiveness of the internal and external controls and to promote the efficiency, efficacy, ethics, legality and austerity in the use of public resources. It is necessary to implement strategies to assure the superior audit institutions, at the Federal and state level, with financial independence and administrative autonomy, training and civil service granted in the Political Constitution. Part of the System will be the National Institute of Accountability and Superior Audit. This Institute will promote training, the best audit and evaluation techniques and the accountability and austerity culture. Finally, the Citizen Accountability Consultative Council, will provide a forum of discussion, opinion and free expression regarding accountability and the correctuse of public resources.Key words: Accountability, control mechanisms, democracy, superior auditingResumen. La rendición de cuentas y la fiscalización de los recursos públicos son factores indispensables en las democracias modernas y forman parte de la reforma del Estado. Para fortalecer la rendición de cuentas y la fiscalización se propone integrar un Sistema Nacional de Rendición de Cuentas y Fiscalización Superior, que impulse la eficacia de los sistemas de control interno, externo y de evaluación y promueva la cultura de la rendición de cuentas. Sus accionesestarán dirigidas a que los actos de gobierno se realicen con eficiencia, eficacia, ética, legalidad y austeridad. Se deben instrumentar estrategias para que los órganos de fiscalización superior del Congreso de la Unión, del distrito Federal y de las entidades federativas, cuenten con independencia, autonomía, servicio profesional de carrera y capacitación permanente. Como parte del Sistema se propone conformar el Instituto Nacional de Rendición de Cuentas y Fiscalización Superior, que debe promover: la capacitación; la cultura de rendición de cuentas y austeridad; la adopción de las mejores técnicas de auditoría; y herramientas de evaluación. El Sistema debe fortalecerse con un Consejo Consultivo Ciudadano de Rendición de Cuentas. Éste será un organismo plural, en el cual puedan expresarse las distintas opiniones de la sociedad en relación con la administración de los recursos públicos, el gasto presupuestal y la fiscalización.Palabras claves: Democracia, fiscalización superior, mecanismos de control, rendición de cuentas
Creatividad organizacional como un factor clave en el proceso de gestión de la innovación para el desarrollo de nuevos productos, sector de estudio las PyMEs
Authors: López Oscar , Blanco Mónica , Guerra Sergio 
Published: July 2021

Key words: CANIETI, Innovation, New Product Development (NPD), Organizational Creativity, SMEs.Abstract. The purpose of this study is to analyze organizational creativity as a key element in the process of product innovation. Analyzing some manage models for organizationa creativity presented by various authors who have studied this phenomenon. Also, this element of Organizational Creativity stems from a doctoral study in which this variable is considered as the contribution to a new management model for the innovation process in developing new products for the SME sector. The analysis of results and conclusions are derived from a study of 34 samples to the industry of information technology in Nuevo León,México.Palabras clave. CANIETI, Creatividad Organizacional, Desarrollo de Nuevos Productos (DNP), Innovación, PyMEs.Resumen. El propósito del estudio es analizar a la creatividad organizacional como un elemento clave en el proceso de innovación de producto. Se analizan los modelos existentes para gestionar a la creatividad organizacional, presentando las diferentes propuestas por distintos autores que han estudiado este fenómeno. Así mismo, este elemento de Creatividad Organizacional se deriva de un estudio doctoral en el que esta variable es considerada comoel aporte a un nuevo modelo de gestión para el proceso de innovación en el desarrollo de nuevos productos para el sector de las PyMEs. El análisis de resultados y las conclusiones se presentan a partir de un estudio de 34 muestras a la industria de las tecnologías de la información en Nuevo León, México.
The Socio-economic Vulnerability and Villages Community Sustainability Within Tourism Development of Kepulauan Anambas Regency
Authors: Hidayat Nur , Arifin Hadi Susilo , Putri Eka Intan Kumala 
Published: July 2021

Coastal and small islands identified as one of the most vulnerable region due to climate change impact. The household socio-economic vulnerability need to be capture as baseline of development. Furthermore, assessment on sustainability of coastal communities are needed as a benchmark for development goals. Aside having development challenges, archipelago ecosystem also keeps capability to shift their community from vulnerable to resilient. The sustainable development goals are:achieve sustain economic growth, social inclusive and promote sustainable natural resources management. Community based tourism development consistent with sustainable development goals.
Kepulauan Anambas located in South China Sea, suitable to conduct socio-economic vulnerability and community sustainability research. The objectives are: (1) to analize socio-economic vulnerability, (2) to provide assessment on community sustainability, and (3) to determine community-based tourism development strategies. The study was located at Batu Ampar and Putik villages, Matak Island, Kepulauan Anambas regency, Indonesia.
Livelihood Vulnerability Index method implemented to estimate household socio-economic vulnerability and Community Sustainability Assessment questionnaire used to generate community sustainability. SWOT analysis use to determine tourism development strategies. The results are: (1) The socio-economic vulnerability identified as Vulnerable (LVIBatu Ampar: 0,337 and LVIPutik: 0,362). (2) The village community sustainability assessment categorized as Indicates a good start toward sustainability (CSABatu Ampar: 720 and CSAPutik: 934). (3) S-O strategies (progressive/aggressive) are promote as main strategies on Community-based tourism development.
Pengaruh Partisipasi Pemakai Terhadap Kepuasan Pemakai Dalam Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Dengan Faktor Kontinjensi Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kinerja Pemakai Pada Perusahaan Menengah Di Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Aplonia Lau Elfreda 
Published: July 2021

This study examines behavioral accounting on the basis of the theory of information systems. Respondents in this study were 200 respondents of the users of information systems in medium enteprise in East Kalimantan. The results indicate that user participation in the development of information systems influence user satisfaction in information system development, although the magnitude of the effect is 9%. The result indicates that user - developer communication, task complexcity, system complexcity, user influence, organisation culture moderated the effect of userâ€™s participation on userâ€™s satisfaction in information system development. It was also found that top management support acts as independent predictor on userâ€™s satisfaction in information system development. User-developer communication having positive effetc on userâ€™s satisfaction in information system development. User influence having negative effect on userâ€™s satisfaction in information system development. Task complexcity and system coplexcity having negative effect on userâ€™s satisfaction in information system development. Organizational culture having positive effect on userâ€™s satisfaction in information system development. Userâ€™s satisfaction having positif effect on userâ€™s performance in information system development.Keywords: Userâ€™s Participation, Top Management Support, Communication User-Developer, Task Complexity, System Complexity, Userâ€™sÂ Influence, Organizational Cul-ture, Userâ€™s Satisfaction and Userâ€™s Performance.