bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of SS18-SSX antibody as a diagnostic marker for pulmonary metastatic synovial sarcoma
Authors: Miura Kentaro , Shimizu Kimihiro , Eguchi Takashi , Koike Sachie , Matsuoka Shunichiro , Takeda Tetsu , Hamanaka Kazutoshi , Uehara Takeshi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

The novel SS18-SSX fusion-specific antibody is reported to have high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of primary synovial sarcoma (SS), which often metastasizes to the lung. Thus far, no study has validated the diagnostic efficacy of SS18-SSX antibody for pulmonary metastatic SS, and this is the first study to report these findings. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of the SS18-SSX antibody in the diagnosis of pulmonary metastatic SS.
Methods

We evaluated the immunohistochemistry of SS18-SSX fusion-specific antibody (E9X9V) in 10 pulmonary metastatic SS cases and the corresponding five primary sites (four limbs and one mediastinum) in five patients (SS diagnosis of was already confirmed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization in the metastatic and primary sites), and in 93 clinical and histologic mimics including 49 non-SS, pulmonary metastatic sarcomas, 39 primary lung cancers, and five intrathoracic solitary fibrotic tumors. All specimens were surgically resected at Shinshu University Hospital during 2001–2019. For primary and metastatic SS, we also evaluated SS18-SSX immunohistochemistry in needle biopsy and touch imprint cytology specimens from the primary site.
Results

SS18-SSX had stained diffusely strong in all 10 pulmonary metastatic SS cases and the corresponding five primary sites without staining of SS18-SSX in all 93 clinical and histologic mimics (100% sensitivity and 100% specificity). SS18-SSX had sufficiently stained in the biopsy and cytology specimens.
Conclusions

Immunohistochemistry of the SS18-SSX fusion-specific antibody is useful for the differential diagnosis of pulmonary metastatic SS in clinical practice. This simple and reliable method can replace traditional genomic tests.
Effect of FM0807 Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of RA-FLS through the JAK 2 / STAT3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Nanwen , bian yize , Zheng Ningning , Lai Liangming , Luo Hongbin , Xu Jianhua , Luo Dunxiong , Chen Xiaole 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Context: It is urgent to develop drugs with independent intellectual property rights and more reasonable price, safe and effective treatment of RA.Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of curcumin derivative FM0807 on the proliferation of RA-FLS cells and its possible mechanism.Materials&Methods: Rheumatiod arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte (RA-FLS) were cultured in alone or in the presence of FM0807 (25μM, 50μM and 100μM). MTT method was used to analyze the effect of cell proliferation, Hoechst 33342/PI staining was used to observe the effect of apoptosis. Cell migration assay was used to observe the effect of migration ability of RA-FLS. The expression of JAK2,STAT3, IL-6 and IL-1β gene was determined by RT-PCR method. Western blotting assay was used to detect the expression of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway related proteins.Results: A 72-hour exposure FM0807 result in cell proliferation inhibition significantly(IC50=41.38μM). The migration of RA-FLS is inhibited by FM0807 100µM in 72 h (P<0 05). High Content Screening showed that the apoptosis rate of RA-FLS was up regulated after treated FM0807. Presence of FM0807 in the culture medium strongly inhibited JAK2,STAT3,IL-6 and IL-1βmRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blot demonstrated a substantially reduced protein expression of phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. At the same time, the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the key proteins of PI3K cell pathway including Akt and mTOR were down-regulated. on the contrary, the expression of apoptosis execution protein Cleaved-caspase3 and Bax were up-regulated.Conclusion: Curcumin derivative FM0807 may inhibit the proliferation of RA-FLS and promote its apoptosis by inhibiting JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway.
Next Generation Sequencing Based In-house HIV Genotyping Method: Validation Report
Authors: Ayitewala Alisen , Ssewanyana Isaac , Kiyaga Charles 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHIV genotyping has had a significant impact on care and treatment of HIV/AIDS. At clinical level, the test guides physicians on the choice of treatment regimens. At surveillance level, it informs policy on consolidated treatment guidelines and microbial resistance control strategies. Until recently, the conventional test has utilized Sanger sequencing (SS) method. Unlike Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), SS is limited by low data throughput and the inability of detecting low abundant drug resistant variants. NGS has the capacity to improve sensitivity and quantitatively identify low-abundance variants; in addition, it has the potential to improve efficiency as well as lowering costs when samples are batched. Despite the NGS benefits, its utilization in clinical drug resistance profiling is faced with mixed reactions. These are largely based on lack of a consensus regarding the quality control strategy. Nonetheless, transitional views suggest validating the method against the gold-standard SS. Therefore, we present a validation report of an NGS-based in-house HIV genotyping method against SS method in Uganda. ResultsSince there were no established proficiency test panels for NGS-based HIV genotyping, fifteen (15) clinical plasma samples for routine care were utilized. The use of clinical samples allowed for accuracy and precision studies. The workflow involved four (4) main steps; viral RNA extraction, targeted amplicon generation, amplicon sequencing and data analysis. Accuracy of 98% with an average percentage error of 3% was reported for the NGS based assay against the SS platform demonstrating similar performance. The coefficient of variation (CV) findings for both the inter-run and inter-personnel precision showed no variability (CV ≤0%) at the relative abundance of ≥20%. For both inter-run and inter-personnel, variation that affected the precision was observed at 1% frequency. Overall, for all the frequencies, CV registered a small range of (0-2%).Conclusion The NGS-based in-house HIV genotyping method fulfilled the minimum requirements that support its utilization for drug resistance profiling in a clinical setting of a low-income country. For more inclusive quality control studies, well characterized wet panels need to be established.
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Atrial Fibrillation-Based Tachyarrhythmia After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis&nbsp;
Authors: Wang Wenzhu , Liu Jian , Ye Haibo , Wang Mingshan , Wang Tao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The incidence of tachyarrhythmia with atrial fibrillation as the main manifestation increases after adult cardiac surgery, which leads to an increase in adverse events. Dexmedetomidine has been widely used in the perioperative period, but the effect of dexmedetomidine on tachyarrhythmia after cardiac surgery in adults remains controversial.Objective: To evaluate the effect of perioperative use of dexmedetomidine on tachyarrhythmia with atrial fibrillation as the main manifestation after cardiac surgery.Methods: We searched six databases, including Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang, and Sinomed, for literature published up to November 2020, without restrictions on language. The primary endpoint was the number of patients with atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. The secondary endpoints included: the number of patients with supraventricular tachycardia, the number of patients with ventricular tachycardia, the number of patients with ventricular fibrillation, the number of patients with myocardial infarction, the number of dead patients, mechanical ventilation duration, and the length of ICU stay and hospitalization. We used Stata (Version 12.0) and Review Manager (Version 5.3) provided by Cochrane Collaboration for data analysis. If the included studies have high statistical heterogeneity (P≤0.1, I2>50%), we will use a random-effects model. Otherwise, a fixed-effects model will be used for calculation.Results: Among the 1388 studies retrieved, a total of 18 studies met our inclusion criteria (N=3171 participants). The use of dexmedetomidine reduced the incidence of atrial fibrillation by 17% (RR=0.83, 95% CI 0.73-0.93; Z=3.06, P=0.002), reduced the incidence of supraventricular tachycardia by about 70% (RR=0.29, 95% CI 0.11-0.77; Z=2.47, P=0.01), reduced the incidence of ventricular tachycardia by about 80% (RR=0.23, 95% CI 0.08-0.63; Z=2.85, P=0.004), but had no effect on the incidence of ventricular fibrillation (RR=1.02, 95% CI 0.14-7.31; Z=0.02, P=0.99）.There was no significant difference in the incidence of myocardial infarction between the two groups (RR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.37-2.18; Z = 0.24, P = 0.81). There was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups (RR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.31-2.44; Z = 0.28, P = 0.78). Dexmedetomidine group can reduce the time of patients in ICU (SMD = - 0.35, 95% CI -0.69 to -0.02; Z = 2.07, P = 0.04), but the heterogeneity between studies is high (I2 = 93%). There was no effect on duration of mechanical ventilation (SMD = -0.10, 95% CI -0.25 to 0.06; Z = 1.18, P = 0.24) and length of hospitalization (SMD = -0.46, 95% CI -1.08 to 0.16; Z = 1.46, P = 0.14).Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine can reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia, and ventricular tachycardia after cardiac surgery in adults but does not affect the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation.Trial registration: CRD42021233613; Registration: Jan 2021
Getting to Zero: Micro-Foci of Malaria In the Solomon Islands Requires Stratified Control
Authors: Russell Tanya L , Grignard Lynn , Apairamo Alan , Kama Nathan , Bobogare Albino , Drakeley Chris , Burkot Thomas R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:

The Solomon Islands has made significant progress in the control of malaria through vector control, access and use of improved diagnostics and therapeutic drugs. As transmission is reduced there is a need to understand variations in transmission risk at the provincial and village levels to stratify control methods.
Methods:

A cross-sectional survey of malaria in humans was conducted in the Solomon Islands during April 2018. Nineteen villages across 4 provinces were included. The presence of Plasmodium species parasites in blood samples was detected using PCR.
Results:

Blood samples were analysed from 1,914 participants. The prevalence of DNA of P. falciparum was 1.2% (n = 23) and for P. vivax was 1.5% (n = 28). Twenty-two percent (n = 5/23) of P. falciparum DNA positive participants were febrile and 17% of P. vivax DNA positive participants (n = 5/28). The prevalence of both P. falciparum and P. vivax was extremely spatially heterogeneous. For P. falciparium, in particular, only 2 small foci of transmission were identified among 19 villages. Plasmodium infections were uniformly distributed across age groups. Insecticide-treated bed net use the night prior to the survey was reported by 63% of participants and significantly differed by province.
Conclusions:

Malaria transmission across the Solomon Islands has become increasingly fragmented, affecting fewer villages and provinces. The majority of infections were afebrile suggesting the need for strong active case detection with the predominance of P. vivax requiring implementation of radical cure with primaquine. Village-level stratification of targeted interventions based on passive and active case detection data could support the progress towards a more cost-effective and successful elimination program.
Early ART-initiation Reduces HIV-1 Proviral DNA Levels in Children from the CHER Trial
Authors: Payne Helen , Chan Man , Watters Sarah , Otwombe Kennedy , Hsiao Yuan , Babiker Abdel , Violari Avy , Cotton Mark , Gibb Diana , Klein Nigel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Reduction of the reservoir of latent HIV-infected cells might increase the possibility of long-term remission in individuals living with HIV. We investigated factors associated with HIV-1 proviral DNA levels in children receiving different antiretroviral therapy (ART) strategies in the Children with HIV Early Antiretroviral Therapy (CHER) trial. METHODS: Infants with HIV <12 weeks old with CD4% ≥25% were randomized in the CHER trial to early limited ART for 40 or 96 weeks (ART-40W, ART-96W), or deferred ART (ART-Def). For ART-Def infants or following ART interruption in ART-40W/ART-96W, ART was started/re-started for clinical progression or CD4% <25%. In 229 participants, HIV-1 proviral DNA was quantified by PCR from stored peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children who had received ≥24 weeks ART and two consecutive undetectable HIV-1 RNA 12-24 weeks apart. HIV-1 proviral DNA was compared between ART-Def and ART-96W at week 96, and in all arms at week 248. Factors associated with HIV-1 proviral DNA levels were evaluated using linear regression.FINDINGS: Longer duration of ART was significantly associated with lower HIV-1 proviral DNA at both 96 (p=0.0003) and 248 weeks (p=0.0011). Higher total CD8 count at ART initiation was associated with lower HIV-1 proviral DNA at both 96 (p=0.0225) and 248 weeks (p=0.0398). Week 248 HIV-1 proviral DNA was significantly higher in those with positive HIV-1 serology at week 84 than those with negative serology (p=0.0042).INTEPRETATION: Longer ART duration is key to HIV-1 proviral DNA reduction. Further understanding is needed of the effects of “immune-attenuation” through early HIV-1 exposure.FUNDING: Wellcome Trust, National Institutes of Health, Medical Research Council.
The Protective Effects of Metoprolol Against Arginine Vasopressin (AVP)-Induced Cellular Senescence in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Li Qiang , Huang Kang , Ma Tianyi , Lu Shijuan , Tang Shilin , Wu Miao , Yang Hui , Zhong Jianghua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cellular senescence of cardiomyocytes is reported to be involved in the pathological mechanism of cardiac diseases. Metoprolol is a blocker of β1 receptor used for the treatment of hypertension, which is recently reported to protect cardiomyocytes from injury. The present study aims to investigate the protective effects of Metoprolol against Arginine vasopressin (AVP)-induced cellular senescence in cardiomyocytes. CCK-8 and LDH release assays were used to evaluate cytotoxicity. ELISA was used to detect the release of 8OHdG. SA-β-gal activity and telomerase activity were measured to index cell senescence. The iNampt activity, NAD+/NADPH ratio, and Sirt1 activity were detected by commercial kits. Levels of acetylated p53 were measured by immunoprecipitation and the expression of p21 was determined by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. We found that the elevated level of 8OHdG, percentage of SA-β-gal positive cells, and decreased telomerase activity induced by AVP were significantly reversed by the treatment of Metoprolol. Metoprolol elevated the suppressed iNampt activity, NAD+/NADPH ratio, and Sirt1 activity in cardiomyocytes challenged with AVP. The upregulated expression of acetylated p53 and p21 induced by AVP were dramatically downregulated by the presence of Metoprolol. Taken together, our data revealed that Metoprolol protected the cell senescence in cardiomyocytes induced by AVP.
Beneficiation and Physiochemical Characterization of Coal Deposits in Achibo-Sombo Area, South-Western Ethiopia
Authors: Usman Temam , Abicho Samuel , Meshesha Daniel , Workneh Getachew Adam 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study was conducted to upgrade the quality of Achibo-Sombo coal deposits by physiochemical beneficiation methods particularly by using froth floatation technique to minimize the ash and sulfur content from coal particles. During the floatation test, proximate, ultimate, calorific value, functional groups, surface morphology and crystal structure analysis of Achibo-Sombo coal was carried out through different methods. The moisture content of a raw sample and treated sample is found in the range of 11.81 to 20.27% and 8.12 to 14.02 % respectively. The volatile matter is ranging from 22.74 to 34.85 % for raw coal and 21.92 to 30.64 % for treated coal samples. The ash content of the raw coal sample is ranging from 22.47 to 36.58 % which became in the range 7.49 to 13.62 % after treatment. The fixed carbon is also changed from 23.85–38.31% of raw sample to 44.47–55.87 % for treated coal samples. The calorific value of a raw sample is found in the ranges of 5838.46 Btu/lb. to 9531.29 Btu/lb. whereas for treated coal samples it is found in the ranges of 9438.12 Btu/lb. to 11756.63 Btu/lb. The sulfur and nitrogen contents of the raw coal sample which were ranged from 0.57 to 1.9 % − 1.22 to 1.44 % are reduced to 0.25 to 0.41% -0.52 to 0.92% respectively after treatment. Generally, the Achibo-Sombo raw coal is falling under the coal grade of lignite B to sub-bituminous B whereas the treated coal sample is grouped under sub-bituminous C to high volatile bituminous C. Accordingly, the results obtained indicate that the Achibo coal streams are upgraded relatively with better calorific value and fixed carbon and with lowest ash contents as compared to samples collected from other sites.
Screening Risk Factors and Interaction Analysis of Hypertension in Overweight and Obesity Population based on Three Statistical Models
Authors: Wei Li Lu , jian Yu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Hypertension is a common chronic disease in the world, and it is also a common basic disease of cardiovascular and brain complications. Overweight and obesity are the high risk factors of hypertension. In this study, three statistical methods, classification tree model, logistic regression model and BP neural network, were used to screen the risk factors of hypertension in overweight and obese population, and the interaction of risk factors was conducted Analysis, for the early detection of hypertension, early diagnosis and treatment, reduce the risk of hypertension complications, have a certain clinical significance.Methods The classification tree model, logistic regression model and BP neural network model were used to screen the risk factors of hypertension in overweight and obese people.The specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of the three models were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Finally, the classification tree CRT model was used to screen the related risk factors of overweight and obesity hypertension, and the non conditional logistic regression multiplication model was used to quantitatively analyze the interaction.Results The Youden index of ROC curve of classification tree model, logistic regression model and BP neural network model were 39.20%,37.02% ,34.85%, the sensitivity was 61.63%, 76.59%, 82.85%, the specificity was 77.58%, 60.44%, 52.00%, and the area under curve (AUC) was 0.721, 0.734,0.733, respectively. There was no significant difference in AUC between the three models (P>0.05). Classification tree CRT model and logistic regression multiplication model suggested that the interaction between NAFLD and FPG was closely related to the prevalence of overweight and obese hypertension.Conclusion NAFLD,FPG,age,TG,UA, LDL-C were the risk factors of hypertension in overweight and obese people. The interaction between NAFLD and FPG increased the risk of hypertension.
The association between polymorphisms in long non-coding RNA and lung cancer in non-smoking women
Authors: Tong Guanghui , Li Sixuan , Tong Weiwei , Gao Min , Zhou Baosen , Yin Zhihua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

The relationship between long non-coding RNA and lung cancer has become a research hotspot.
Methods

Four polymorphisms, including rs10188946, rs11246867, rs2288947, and rs8105637 were evaluated in 556 patients with lung cancer and 395 age-matched controls in the present study.
Results

This study showed that the associations of the four polymorphisms of long non-coding RNA with the risks of lung cancer were not statistically significant. In the age stratification study, AG of rs2288947 was associated with the reduce risk of both lung cancer and adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.597,P = 0.017 and OR = 0.506, P = 0.005,respectively), and AG of rs8105637 was also protected both lung cancer and adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.636,P = 0.037and OR = 0.577, P = 0.023,respectively). We found that when the risk genotypes of the three SNPs rs10188946, rs11246867, rs2288947 and oil exposure worked together, the risk of lung cancer was higher than either of these two risk factors acted alone.
Conclusions

Four polymorphisms (including rs10188946, rs11246867, rs2288947, and rs8105637) were not associated with lung cancer risks in the present study. After age stratification, rs2288947 and rs8105637 were associated with the risks of lung cancer and adenocarcinoma among the individuals older than 60.
Critical Illness-related Corticosteroid Insufficiency is Common in Covid-19 and Treatment Provide Survival Benefit
Authors: Sari Hakan , Sevdi Mehmet Salih , Erkalp Kerem , Aydin Hasan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
PurposeCovid-19 is a severe lethal disease characterized with pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. We aimed to analyze the prevalence of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) in Covid-19 patients treated in intensive care unit and whether treatment of it would create any survival benefit. MethodsA total of 119 Covid-19 patients in intensive care unit were enrolled into the study. All patients received treatment for Covid-19 according to national guideline including hydroxychloroquine, favipiravir, antibiotics including azithromycin and oseltamivir in some patients. Basal cortisol below 10 µg/dl were accepted as CIRCI and above 34 µg/dl as intact HPA axis. Patients between them were introduced 1 µg cosynthropin stimulation test and delta cortisol below 9 µg/dl were also accepted as CIRCI. All patients who got diagnosis received hydrocortisone 300 mg/day until clinical condition stabilized. Mortality rate was recorded, then. ResultsCIRCI was detected in 50.4% of cases and mean plasma ACTH level was 14.8±6.0 pg/ml. Patients below age 65 had a statistically higher risk (63.4 % vs. 40.2%, p=0.012). Presence of comorbidity did not increase the risk of CIRCI (47.3% vs. 62.5%, p=0.18). Also, severity of pulmonary involvement and intubation did not increase the risk of CIRCI. Total mortality rate was 49.5% and not different in patients with and without CIRCI (45.0% vs. 54.5%, p=0.31) indicating benefit of corticosteroid treatment. ConclusionCIRCI is common in Covid-19 patients treated in intensive care unit and treatment of CIRCI provide survival benefit.