bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on college gymnastics teaching model based on multimedia image and image texture feature analysis
Authors: Wu Ying , Liu Jikun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith the rapid development of gymnastics technology, novel movements are also emerging. Due to the emergence of various complicated new movements, higher requirements are put forward for college gymnastics teaching. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the multimedia simulation technology to construct the human body rigid model and combine the image texture features to display the simulation image in texture form. In the study, GeBOD morphological database modeling was used to provide the data needed for the modeling of the whole-body human body of the joint and used for dynamics simulation. Simultaneously, in order to analyze and summarize the technical essentials of the innovative action, this experiment compared and analyzed the hem stage of the cross-headstand movement of the subject and the hem stage of the 180° movement. Research shows that the method proposed in this paper has certain practical effects.
From microscopic price dynamics to multidimensional rough volatility models
Authors: Rosenbaum Mathieu , Tomas Mehdi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRough volatility is a well-established statistical stylized fact of financial assets. This property has led to the design and analysis of various new rough stochastic volatility models. However, most of these developments have been carried out in the mono-asset case. In this work, we show that some specific multivariate rough volatility models arise naturally from microstructural properties of the joint dynamics of asset prices. To do so, we use Hawkes processes to build microscopic models that accurately reproduce high-frequency cross-asset interactions and investigate their long-term scaling limits. We emphasize the relevance of our approach by providing insights on the role of microscopic features such as momentum and mean-reversion in the multidimensional price formation process. In particular, we recover classical properties of high-dimensional stock correlation matrices.
On gradual-impulse control of continuous-time Markov decision processes with exponential utility
Authors: Guo Xin , Kurushima Aiko , Piunovskiy Alexey , Zhang Yi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe consider a gradual-impulse control problem of continuous-time Markov decision processes, where the system performance is measured by the expectation of the exponential utility of the total cost. We show, under natural conditions on the system primitives, the existence of a deterministic stationary optimal policy out of a more general class of policies that allow multiple simultaneous impulses, randomized selection of impulses with random effects, and accumulation of jumps. After characterizing the value function using the optimality equation, we reduce the gradual-impulse control problem to an equivalent simple discrete-time Markov decision process, whose action space is the union of the sets of gradual and impulsive actions.
Insurer's liability under concurrent causation: English law and Chinese law compared
Authors: Zhao Liang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the different regimes of insurer liability under concurrent causation in English law and Chinese law. The analysis shows that neither English law nor Chinese law is satisfactory in terms of the insurer's liability in such cases. It is argued that only one proximate cause should be identified among multiple causes except in the circumstance where an excluded risk and an insured risk concurrently and independently cause a loss of the subject matter insured. Under this exception, the liability in apportionment approach might be an appropriate solution to the question of the insurer's liability under concurrent causation. This approach, however, is not suggested for concurrent causation where an uninsured risk is one of the proximate causes.
Marker-assisted stacking of null Kunitz trypsin inhibitor and off-flavour generating lipoxygenase-2 in soybean
Authors: Kumar V. , Rani A. , Anshu A. K. , Tayalkar T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSoybean varieties genetically free from Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) and lipoxygenase-2 (Lox2) are desirable to increase human consumption, as the former is an antinutritional factor that affects protein digestibility while the latter is a principal contributor to off-flavour. In the present investigation, soybean genotypes free from both these undesirable components were developed by introgression of null allele of Lox2 from NRC109 (lox2lox2) into two KTI-free soybean genotypes derived from genotypes JS97-52 and NRC7. Foreground selection of plants in F1, F2, BC1F1, BC1F2, BC2F1 and BC2F2 generations developed from two cross combinations i.e. NRC7-derived KTI-free genotype (N7KTIF)×NRC109 (parental combination 1) and JS97-52 derived KTI free genotype (JKTIF)×NRC109 (parental combination 2) was performed using null allele specific markers and tightly linked simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for both KTI and Lox2 genes for the identification of homozygous recessive (titilox2lox2) plants. Background selection was performed using 239 and 241 polymorphic SSR markers across the genome. This resulted in the development of 9 and 13 soybean lines stacked for null alleles of both KTI and Lox2 (titilox2lox2) exhibiting recurrent parent genome content more than 97 and 96%, respectively. Days-to-flowering, days-to-maturity, 100-seed weight and yield per plant of the stacked lines developed from both the parental combinations were at par with the respective recurrent parents.
Mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia for older adults with sleep difficulties: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Perini Francesca , Wong Kian Foong , Lin Jia , Hassirim Zuriel , Ong Ju Lynn , Lo June , Ong Jason C. , Doshi Kinjal , Lim Julian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivePoor sleep is a modifiable risk factor for multiple disorders. Frontline treatments (e.g. cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia) have limitations, prompting a search for alternative approaches. Here, we compare manualized Mindfulness-Based Therapy for Insomnia (MBTI) with a Sleep Hygiene, Education, and Exercise Program (SHEEP) in improving subjective and objective sleep outcomes in older adults.MethodsWe conducted a single-site, parallel-arm trial, with blinded assessments collected at baseline, post-intervention and 6-months follow-up. We randomized 127 participants aged 50–80, with a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score ⩾5, to either MBTI (n = 65) or SHEEP (n = 62), both 2 hr weekly group sessions lasting 8 weeks. Primary outcomes included PSQI and Insomnia Severity Index, and actigraphy- and polysomnography-measured sleep onset latency (SOL) and wake after sleep onset (WASO).ResultsIntention-to-treat analysis showed reductions in insomnia severity in both groups [MBTI: Cohen's effect size d = −1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) −1.61 to −0.89; SHEEP: d = −0.69, 95% CI −0.96 to −0.43], with significantly greater improvement in MBTI. Sleep quality improved equivalently in both groups (MBTI: d = −1.19; SHEEP: d = −1.02). No significant interaction effects were observed in objective sleep measures. However, only MBTI had reduced WASOactigraphy (MBTI: d = −0.30; SHEEP: d = 0.02), SOLactigraphy (MBTI: d = −0.25; SHEEP: d = −0.09), and WASOPSG (MBTI: d = −0.26; SHEEP (d = −0.18). There was no change in SOLPSG. No participants withdrew because of adverse effects.ConclusionsMBTI is effective at improving subjective and objective sleep quality in older adults, and could be a valid alternative for persons who have failed or do not have access to standard frontline therapies.
Survey investigating the knowledge and awareness of payers and patient advocacy groups about the health technology assessment process in Lebanon
Authors: Al-Harakeh Lama , Abbas Hanine , Hassan Hamad , Hallal Zainoun , Hamadeh Ghassan , Kurdi Mazen , Abou Selwan Carla , Karam Rita 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The survey aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of Reimbursement Bodies (RBs) and Patient Advocacy Groups (PAGs) in Lebanon and the possible involvement of patients in the health technology assessment (HTA) process in the absence of a well-established HTA structure and to identify the actions to be taken at this level. Structured questionnaires were administered to eleven key participants from both RBs and PAGs. The survey utilized two different questionnaires, each composed of two open-ended questions and ten close-ended questions. RBs recognized the need for clinical and technical guidelines to optimize the HTA process, whereas PAGs stated that they are familiar with the current assessment and reimbursement process. A lack of interaction between the payers and the PAGs was reported mainly due to the absence of laws that involve patients in the assessment process. All the payers and three out of five of PAGs encouraged the involvement of PAGs in the assessment process. They reported that patients require support, education, and training to be efficiently involved. A short-term plan for involving patients in the assessment process can be implemented in light of RBs' and PAGs' openness for such involvement. In the long run, the collaboration between both parties needs to be more formalized and structured. Education and training programs are to be suggested for other PAGs. The institutionalization of an HTA body that unifies all the fragmented RBs, including a patient's representation to optimize the reimbursement process and to engage patients, is recommended.
Religion without doctrine or clergy: the case of Ancient Greece
Authors: Tridimas George 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe paper examines doctrinal and political reasons to explain why the Ancient Greek religion did not feature a distinct class of professional priests as suppliers of religious goods. Doctrinal reasons relate to worshiping a multitude of powerful anthropomorphic gods with flawed characters; absence of a founder of religion and of a scripture; lack of religious doctrine and of a code of moral behaviour and piety manifested as mass participation in rituals. These factors denied religious suppliers the opportunity to form a monopoly acting as an autonomous intermediary between humans and gods. Political reasons relate to the supremacy of the demos which watchfully guarded its decision-making powers and prevented other actors like a priestly interest group to challenge its authority.
Sound Velocities in FeSi at Lower Mantle Conditions and the Origin of Ultralow‐Velocity Zones
Authors: Mergner V. , Kupenko I. , Spiekermann G. , Petitgirard S. , Libon L. , Chariton S. , Krug M. , Steinbrügge R. , Sergueev I. , Sanchez‐Valle C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe origin of ultralow‐velocity zones (ULVZs) remains an open question despite recent advances in mineral physics and seismology. Here, we examine the hypothesis that FeSi formed from core‐mantle chemical reactions is a plausible source of ULVZs at the core‐mantle boundary (CMB). The sound velocities of B2‐structured FeSi were measured up to 115(2) GPa and 1600(200) K by nuclear inelastic scattering (NIS) in laser‐heated diamond anvil cells (LH‐DACs). Within uncertainties, the sound velocities of B2‐FeSi display negligible anharmonicity, hence validating the extrapolation of velocity‐density relations (Birch's law) to P‐T conditions of the CMB. The sound velocities of B2‐FeSi are significantly lower compared to other candidate phases in a lowermost mantle assemblage, and the Preliminary Reference Earth Model at CMB conditions. Less than 8.4 vol% of FeSi in the aggregate is thus sufficient to explain both the velocity decrements and the high density anomaly observed in a wide range of ULVZs.
Sea Level‐Driven Marsh Migration Results in Rapid Net Loss of Carbon
Authors: Smith Alexander J. , Kirwan Matthew L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSea level rise alters coastal carbon cycling by driving the rapid migration of coastal ecosystems, salinization of freshwater systems, and replacement of terrestrial forests with tidal wetlands. Wetland soils accumulate carbon (C) at faster rates than terrestrial soils, implying that sea level rise may lead to enhanced carbon accumulation. Here, we show that carbon stored in tree biomass greatly exceeds carbon stored in adjacent marsh soils so that marsh migration reduces total carbon stocks by ∼50% in less than 100 years. Continued marsh soil carbon accumulation may eventually offset forest carbon loss, but we estimate that the time for replacement is similar to estimates of marsh survival (i.e., centuries), which suggests that forest C may never be replaced. These findings reveal a critical C source not included in coastal C budgets driven by migrating ecosystems and rapidly shifting allocations between carbon stored in soils and biomass.
Changes in Source‐Specific Black Carbon Aerosol and the Induced Radiative Effects Due to the COVID‐19 Lockdown
Authors: Liu Huikun , Wang Qiyuan , Ye Jianhuai , Su Xiaoli , Zhang Ting , Zhang Yong , Tian Jie , Dong Yunsheng , Chen Yang , Zhu Chongshu , Han Yongming , Cao Junji 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe impacts of anthropogenic emissions on the reduction of source‐specific equivalent black carbon (eBC) aerosols and their direct radiative effects (DREs) were investigated during the lockdown of the coronavirus outbreak in a megacity of China in 2020. Five eBC sources were identified using a hybrid environmental receptor model. Results showed that biomass burning, traffic‐related emissions, and coal combustion were the dominant contributors to eBC. The generalized additive model indicated that the reduction of traffic‐related eBC during the lockdown was entirely attributed to the decrease of emissions. Decreased biomass‐burning activities and favorable meteorological factors are both important drivers for the biomass‐burning eBC reduction during the lockdown. A radiative transfer model showed that the DRE efficiency of eBC from biomass burning was the strongest, followed by coal combustion and traffic‐related emissions. This study highlights that aggressive reduction in the consumption of residential solid fuels would be effective in achieving climate change mitigation.
Drivers of Subseasonal Forecast Errors of the East African Short Rains
Authors: Kolstad E. W. , MacLeod D. , Demissie T. D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe ‘short rains’ in East Africa from October to December have significant year‐to‐year variability. Their abundance or deficiency is often associated with floods or droughts for which early warning is crucial, though even in normal seasons skillful forecasts facilitate planning and preparedness. Here we study the relationship between initial‐state sea surface temperatures and subseasonal rainfall forecast errors in the European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts model in the region. We demonstrate that the initial mode of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is a partial control on the rainfall error in weeks 3–4. This relationship is also clear on the seasonal scale, exemplified by too‐wet forecasts during the 2015 season when the IOD was positive, and too‐dry forecasts in 2010 when it was negative. Our results provide an entry point for model improvement, and we show that a priori forecast corrections based on the initial IOD index are feasible.
The Integration of Clinical Decision Support Systems Into Pediatric Subspecialty Care
Authors: Urban Tamaki Hosoda , Counts Nathaniel , Lois Becky Hashim , Risser Heather Jill 
Published: July 2021

Objective: This review aims to provide a brief introduction of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) and discuss the role of psychology for the integration of CDSSs for child mental health into pediatric subspecialty care. Methods: A review of literature regarding CDSSs used for physical and mental health services was conducted to lay the foundation for our recommendations. Results: Children with chronic physical illness are twice as likely to suffer from mental illness as compared to healthy controls. These mental health problems are often discovered in pediatric subspecialty care. Yet their mental health needs are often unaddressed when the sections of pediatric subspecialty care and mental health are not well coordinated. CDSSs could help subspecialty providers with evidence-based decision-making regarding mental health screening and referrals. That is, CDSSs could enhance the access to most effective mental health treatment for children. However, the implementation of CDSSs in pediatric subspecialty care is very limited. Conclusions: Psychologists could assist subspecialty providers with advocating CDSSs to administrative and information technology staff, as well as build, customize, evaluate, and update CDSSs. Implications for Impact Statement This review discusses a need for integrating clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) into pediatric subspecialty care to improve care coordination between pediatric subspecialty care and mental health sections. A role of pediatric psychology is proposed.
A novel missense variant in the EML1 gene associated with bilateral ribbon-like subcortical heterotopia leads to ciliary defects
Authors: Markus Fenja , Kannengießer Annika , Näder Patricia , Atigbire Paul , Scholten Alexander , Vössing Christine , Bültmann Eva , Korenke G. Christoph , Owczarek-Lipska Marta , Neidhardt John 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHeterotopia is a brain malformation caused by a failed migration of cortical neurons during development. Clinical symptoms of heterotopia vary in severity of intellectual disability and may be associated with epileptic disorders. Abnormal neuronal migration is known to be associated with mutations in the doublecortin gene (DCX), the platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gene (PAFAH1B1), or tubulin alpha-1A gene (TUBA1A). Recently, a new gene encoding echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 1 (EML1) was reported to cause a particular form of subcortical heterotopia, the ribbon-like subcortical heterotopia (RSH).EML1mutations are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Only six unrelated EML1-associated heterotopia-affected families were reported so far. The EML1 protein is a member of the microtubule-associated proteins family, playing an important role in microtubule assembly and stabilization as well as in mitotic spindle formation in interphase. Herein, we present a novel homozygous missense variant inEML1(NM_004434.2: c.692G>A, NP_004425.2: p.Gly231Asp) identified in a male RSH-affected patient. Our clinical and molecular findings confirm the genotype-phenotype associations ofEML1mutations and RSH. Analyses of patient-derived fibroblasts showed the significantly reduced length of primary cilia. In addition, our results presented, that the mutated EML1 protein did not change binding capacities with tubulin. The data described herein will expand the mutation spectrum of theEML1gene and provide further insight into molecular and cellular bases of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying RSH.
White matter in prolonged glucocorticoid response to psychological stress in schizophrenia
Authors: Goldwaser Eric L. , Chiappelli Joshua , Kvarta Mark D. , Du Xiaoming , Millman Zachary B. , Adhikari Bhim M. , O’Neill Hugh , Sewell Jessica , Lightner Samantha , Vodapalli Shreya , Ma Yizhou , Bruce Heather , Chen Shuo , Tan Yunlong , Kochunov Peter , Elliot Hong L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractStress is implicated in psychosis etiology and exacerbation, but pathogenesis toward brain network alterations in schizophrenia remain unclear. White matter connects limbic and prefrontal regions responsible for stress response regulation, and white matter tissues are also vulnerable to glucocorticoid aberrancies. Using a novel psychological stressor task, we studied cortisol stress responses over time and white matter microstructural deficits in schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Cortisol was measured at baseline, 0-, 20-, and 40-min after distress induction by a psychological stressor task in 121 SSD patients and 117 healthy controls (HC). White matter microstructural integrity was measured by 64-direction diffusion tensor imaging. Fractional anisotropy (FA) in white matter tracts were related to cortisol responses and then compared to general patterns of white matter tract deficits in SSD identified by mega-analysis. Differences between 40-min post-stress and baseline, but not acute reactivity post-stress, was significantly elevated in SSD vs HC, time × diagnosis interaction F2.3,499.9 = 4.1, p = 0.013. All SSD white matter tracts were negatively associated with prolonged cortisol reactivity but all tracts were positively associated with prolonged cortisol reactivity in HC. Individual tracts most strongly associated with prolonged cortisol reactivity were also most impacted in schizophrenia in general as established by the largest schizophrenia white matter study (r = −0.56, p = 0.006). Challenged with psychological stress, SSD and HC mount similar cortisol responses, and impairments arise in the resolution timeframe. Prolonged cortisol elevations are associated with the white matter deficits in SSD, in a pattern previously associated with schizophrenia in general.
Inequalities in the decline and recovery of pathological cancer diagnoses during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based study
Authors: Hamilton Ashleigh C. , Donnelly David W. , Loughrey Maurice B. , Turkington Richard C. , Fox Colin , Fitzpatrick Deirdre , O’Neill Ciaran E. , Gavin Anna T. , Coleman Helen G. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The restructuring of healthcare systems to cope with the demands of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a reduction in clinical services such as cancer screening and diagnostics.

Methods
Data from the four Northern Ireland pathology laboratories were used to assess trends in pathological cancer diagnoses from 1st March to 12th September 2020 overall and by cancer site, sex and age. These trends were compared to the same timeframe from 2017 to 2019.

Results
Between 1st March and 12th September 2020, there was a 23% reduction in cancer diagnoses compared to the same time period in the preceding 3 years. Although some recovery occurred in August and September 2020, this revealed inequalities across certain patient groups. Pathological diagnoses of lung, prostate and gynaecological malignancies remained well below pre-pandemic levels. Males and younger/middle-aged adults, particularly the 50–59-year-old patient group, also lagged behind other population demographic groups in terms of returning to expected numbers of pathological cancer diagnoses.

Conclusions
There is a critical need to protect cancer diagnostic services in the ongoing pandemic to facilitate timely investigation of potential cancer cases. Targeted public health campaigns may be needed to reduce emerging inequalities in cancer diagnoses as the COVID-19 pandemic continues.