bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardizing a unique renewable energy supply chain: the SURESC Model
Authors: Finocchi Emiliano 
Published: November 2021

This theory-building research intends to dig into the renewable energy industry and drawing from research on learning curves and energy polices, proposes a way to speed-up the energy shift from our fossil-fuel dependency to a green economy. Even though standard economic frameworks suggest that markets and not policy makers should decide winners and losers, we urge to accelerate renewable energy competitiveness, proposing that by limiting the number of maturing renewable technologies where resources are allocated to at government level, we reduce the time within which renewables will achieve technological price parity with fossil fuels. In turn, by analyzing the energy demand and supply curves, the study suggests that this action will also mediate the relation between quantity and price, shifting only the supply curve, leaving the demand curve unaffected. It continues by proposing the standardization of a unique renewable energy supply chain model, defined as the SURESC model, relating the indirect effect of limiting the number of maturing technologies to allocate resources, to achieve renewable price-parity with conventional energy sources faster. This is a preliminary theoretical study intended to provide a holistic approach to a known problem.
Association of smoking status with hospitalisation for COVID-19 compared with other respiratory viruses a year previous: a case-control study at a single UK National Health Service trust
Authors: Simons David , Perski Olga , Shahab Lion , Brown Jamie , Bailey Robin 
Published: November 2021

Background: It is unclear whether smoking increases the risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation. We first examined the association of smoking status with hospitalisation for COVID-19 compared with hospitalisation for other respiratory viral infections a year previous. Second, we examined the concordance between smoking status recorded on the electronic health record (EHR) and the contemporaneous medical notes. Methods: This case-control study enrolled adult patients (446 cases and 211 controls) at a single National Health Service trust in London, UK. The outcome variable was type of hospitalisation (COVID-19 vs. another respiratory virus a year previous). The exposure variable was smoking status (never/former/current smoker). Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position and comorbidities were performed. The study protocol and analyses were pre-registered in April 2020 on the Open Science Framework. Results: Current smokers had lower odds of being hospitalised with COVID-19 compared with other respiratory viruses a year previous (ORadj=0.55, 95% CI=0.31-0.96, p=.04). There was no significant association among former smokers (ORadj=1.08, 95% CI=0.72-1.65, p=.70). Smoking status recorded on the EHR (compared with the contemporaneous medical notes) was incorrectly recorded for 168 (79.6%) controls (χ2(3)=256.5, p=<0.001) and 60 cases (13.5%) (χ2(3)=34.2, p=<0.001). Conclusions: In a single UK hospital trust, current smokers had reduced odds of being hospitalised with COVID-19 compared with other respiratory viruses a year previous, although it is unclear whether this association is causal. Targeted post-discharge recording of smoking status may account for the greater EHR-medical notes concordance observed in cases compared with controls.
Teaching-learning behavior in medicine according to students’ perspective: what most influences academic achievement?
Authors: Kusmiati Mia , Dharmmika Susanti , Maharani Dewi Asri 
Published: November 2021

Background: The medical student is a part of education that has a pivotal role in contributing to the teaching-learning process. Assessing the learning process by student perception can give valuable input to predict academic achievement. This study aims to identify the student’s perspective regarding teaching-learning behaviour and which factor most influences academic achievement. Methods: A total of 443 medical students of the preclinical phase were selected to participate in this study. Design of the study comprised three single-groups time sequences with the observational approach. This study is divided into three phases: item construction by conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA), validation through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and true surveys. Sample size calculation employed formulation of subject to item ratio for EFA and CFA; true survey utilized the estimate proportion population. Using regression linear, we determine the most influential factor to academic performance. Results: Results were summarized following two factors that influencing academic performance, namely learning experience (p value=0.013, r=0.041) and exam effectiveness (p value=0.041, r=0.028). Our work highlights the lecturer capacity and integrated module have contributed the academic success (79.46% and 77.80%). Conclusions: Our finding has novelty in which contribute the knowledge regarding exam significance on medicine. Meanwhile, related to the learning experience domain is increasingly proving an essential factor to achieve academic performance. The major strength of this study is the systematic manner in which it was conducted.
Protofibril formation: decreased total glutathione concentration as an early indicator of neuron damage in the brainstems of Wistar rats treated with rotenone
Authors: Yulianti Arief Budi , Sumarsono Sony Heru , Ridwan Ahmad , Yusuf Ayda T 
Published: November 2021

Background: Rotenone treatment causes oxidative stress in neurons and forms the basis of animal models of Parkinson's disease. The reduced form of glutathione is predicted to detoxify rotenone from neurons in the brainstem. This study aims to measure the concentration of total glutathione and analyze the formation of protofibril in the brainstem of Wistar rats treated with rotenone. Methods: Seventy-two male Wistar rats aged 8–9 weeks weighing 200–250 g were divided into two investigations: total glutathione determination and protofibril analysis. The independent variables were treatment group, observation time, and location in the brainstem. The dependent variables were the concentration of total glutathione and protofibril density. Results: The concentration of total glutathione was not significantly different among treatment groups (p: 0.084), observation time (p: 0.608), or the location in the brainstem (p: 0.372). Protofibril density was different in the treatment groups (p: 0.001), observation time (p: 0.001), and between the upper and lower brainstem (p: 0.001). Rotenone treatment subcortically induced the concentration of total glutathione in the brainstem to decrease, but protofibril density tended to increase. Conclusions: The total glutathione concentration is inversely proportional to protofibril density. Total glutathione might be an early marker of neuronal damage.
ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ КОНЦЕПЦИИ «Умный город» ПРИ ЦифровизациИ процессов городского хозяйства
Authors: Narolina Tatiana S. , Smotrova Tatiana I. , Anisimova Nadezhda A. , Popov Vitaly G. 
Published: November 2021

Одним из важнейших и перспективных направлений цифровизации является создание благоприятной среды для проживания населения городов и повышения качества жилищно-коммунального обслуживания. Концепция «Умный город» (Smart City), реализуемая во многих странах, предполагает решение этой задачи. Однако анализ примеров реализации подобных инициатив свидетельствует о том, что сфера городского хозяйства представлена в России ограниченным числом проектов. Данное состояние не способствует созданию комфортной среды для населения, экономии ресурсов, повышению общественной безопасности и улучшению здоровья населения. Проведенное исследование посвящено анализу практики применения информационно-коммуникационных технологий в управлении развитием городов.
Цель – формулировка предложений по совершенствованию качества городской среды ЖКХ на основе выявления тенденций и потенциала развития цифровых платформ на этом рынке в мировой и российской практике.
Метод или методология проведения работы. В процессе исследования проводился анализ понятия «Умный город» и систематизация практики реализации проектов «Умный город». Методы системного и ретроспективного анализа позволили оценить предпосылки нормативно-правовых инициатив и предпринимаемых государством шагов по развитию цифровизации в сфере городского и жилищно-коммунального хозяйства.
Исследованы стратегические направления применения современных информационных и коммуникационных технологий, в том числе Интернет вещей (IoT) при цифровой трансформации российских городов.
Рассмотрена возможность применения оценки индекса цифровизации городского хозяйства при реализации проекта «Умный город» и известных способов обработки «больших данных».
Результаты. Информационные технологии активно внедряются в сферу городского хозяйства, создавая при этом единое пространство, на данный момент, максимально комфортное для жителей за счет цифровизации обеспечивающих систем ЖКХ. Приведенная в качестве примера модель информационно-аналитическая системы управления и контроля качеством проведения капитального ремонта жилищного фонда позволит аккумулировать достоверную информацию об объектах жилой недвижимости и их параметрах, выявлять требующие срочного ремонта объекты, эффективно использовать и экономить финансовые средства.
Область применения результатов: систематизированная информация будет полезна органам местного самоуправления, органам государственной власти, а также руководителям бизнес-структур при разработке профильных программ и поддержки инициатив цифровизации городской среды.
ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ КЛАСТЕРОВ С КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТЬЮ РОССИИ
Authors: Tomashevskaya Yulia N. 
Published: November 2021

В работе приведен экскурс по основным вехам кластерного развития Российской Федерации. Проведен анализ влияния уровня кластерного развития на уровень конкурентоспособности Российской Федерации в 2010 и 2020гг. Дана оценка рейтингу Глобальной конкурентоспособности Всемирного экономического форума с позиции учета бизнес-среды территории, как основы формирования кластеров и реализации кластерной политики. Высказаны предположения по предикторам, вызывающим данные нарушения и негативно влияющим на дальнейший рост экономики на основе кластерной концепции.
Цель – провести эмпирическое исследование и обнаружить точки взаимодействия кластеров с конкурентоспособностью экономики России.
Метод или методология проведения работы: в работе использованы методы анализа и синтеза, метод сравнительного анализа, а также статистические методы.
Результаты: систематизированы причины, препятствующие повышению индекса конкурентоспособности России. Предложены меры по их нивелированию, среди которых главная роль отводится вузам, как важнейшим участникам кластерного взаимодействия, деятельность которых должна быть направлена на повышение уровня цифровизации образовательной среды, усиление инновационности компаний и самих университетов, повышение уровня привлекательности государственно-частного партнерства и др.
Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять органам государственной власти, отвечающим за эффективность реализации экономической политики России, одним из элементов которой является кластерная политика.
Mapa jako optyka
Authors: Madurowicz Mikołaj 
Published: November 2021

Tradycja i praktyka zarówno stricte kartograficznego odwzorowania realiów, jak i opracowa- nych na gruncie nauk humanistycznych i społecznych technik odzwierciedlania topografii sytu- ują mapę w centrum dyskursu. W niniejszych rozważaniach potraktowano mapę jako pojemną optykę interpretacyjną rozciągającą się od obiektywnego rzutowania sytuacji przestrzennej na płaszczyznę wedle określonych reguł do krytycznej narracji humanistycznej, wręcz zakładającej nieobojętność recepcji i dokumentowania. Mapa jako optyka oscyluje między obiektywizującą diagnozą kartometryczną a personalizującą konstatacją intencjonalną. W obydwu scenariuszach chodzi o dotarcie do prawdy (prawdopodobieństwa), do odnotowania zmian gradientu cech, do stwierdzenia różnic i podobieństw. Zarówno w jednym, jak i drugim przypadku ważne staje się wyrażenie regularności oraz idiomatyczności świata. Refleksję nad mapowaniem czysto kartograficznym (zmierzającym ku klasyfikacji) i humanistycznym (zwróconym raczej ku kon- ceptualizacji i problematyzacji) rozpisano jako próbę odpowiedzi na trzy pytania: po co? jak / w jaki sposób? kto / dla kogo? Jednym z wniosków jest stwierdzenie, że mapa stanowi dla człowieka istotne medium epistemologiczne i świadectwo ontologiczne.
Etnograficzne mapowanie polskiej Góralszczyzny przez Wincentego Pola i innych badaczy
Authors: Węglarz Stanisław 
Published: November 2021

Już w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku zaczęto podejmować próby opisania mieszkańców Karpat (Góralszczyzny karpackiej), z uwzględnieniem istniejących podziałów na grupy („rody”) czy regiony etnograficzne. Zgodnie z modernistycznym (oświeceniowo-pozytywistycznym) paradygmatem poznania naukowego ujmowano owe grupy/regiony na sposób „substancjalny”, kierując się przy tym zasadami naturalizmu przedmiotowego i metodologicznego. Pierwszym badaczem, który dokonał podziału ludności zamieszkującej północne stoki Karpat – analogicznie do tego, jak się te góry dzielą – na trzy „grupy etnograficzne, a w nich na „rody”, był Wincenty Pol. Tej dosyć szczegółowej delimitacji etnograficznej nie przedstawił w formie graficznej, ze względu na brak odpowiedniej do tego celu mapy. Szczegółową mapę, prezentującą dokonane przez Pola i kilku innych badaczy podziały oraz zasięgi polskiej Góralszczyzny i wchodzących w jej skład grup etnograficznych, wykonał dopiero prawie 120 lat później Józef Babicz. Różnice pomiędzy wytyczanymi przez różnych uczonych granicami Góralszczyzny i zasięgami wchodzących w jej skład grup/regionów wskazują, że substancjalne ujęcie tych zagadnień jest nieadekwatne do obrazowanej rzeczywistości społecznej i kulturowej. Pewne poglądy Pola mogą być inspiracją dla stworzenia alternatywnej koncepcji zróżnicowania etnograficznego w ogóle, a polskiej Góralszczyzny w szczególności.
Über einige Aspekte des diplomatischen Verkehrs zwischen dem Hochmeister und Kaiser Sigismund von Luxemburg
Authors: Bar Přemysl 
Published: November 2021

On some aspects of the diplomatic traffic between the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and Emperor Sigismund of Luxembourg

The diplomatic traffic between the Grand Master of the Teutnic Order and Emperor Sigismund of Luxembourg was carried out according to the common practices of diplomacy in late medieval Europe. Nevertheless, this topic deserves further exploration due to Sigismund’s efforts to impose suzerainty upon the Grand Master and the Teutonic Knights. This issue influenced their mutual relations after Sigismund’s election as Roman-German King in 1410/1411.
There are numerous surviving sources, especially in the archive of the Teutonic Order in Berlin (GStA PK), such as legation’s instruction, dispatches and, last but not least, the political correspondence between the Grand Master and Emperor Sigismund. These sources can shed light not only on the complicated diplomatic relation between above-mentioned two entities, but also, due to richness of their content, on late medieval diplomacy in general.
Based upon the research findings by Klaus Neitmann, who explored the Order’s legation exclusively, this paper tries to expand the field of research by including the legations of Sigismund. From this perspective only several selected aspects of the topic are examined in the study: 1) defining a legation (foreign mission) and its characteristic features; 2) the diplomatic traffic between the Grand Master and Sigismund of Luxembourg from a prosopographical perspective; and 3) the personal composition and communication at the court of Sigismund.
The richness of sources makes new questions possible concerning not only this specific diplomatic traffic, but also late medieval diplomacy in general as well. However, the definite answers might be delivered after compiling a thorough list of all legations from both sides, which in light of the large number of primary sources must be reserved for another study.
A Hospitaller despropriamentum: Dubrovnik 1396
Authors: Luttrell Anthony 
Published: November 2021

A Hospitaller, being vowed to poverty, could not make a will but might dispose of goods he held by making a despropriamentum. Written examples are rare but Fr. Barras de Barras made such bequests at Dubrovnik in 1396; his wealth was notably limited. He fell ill while King Sigismund of Hungary, returning from defeat by the Turks at Nikopolis on the Danube where the Hospitallers rescued him, had stopped at Dubrovnik.
Environment, Colonization, and the Baltic Crusader States. Terra Sacra I, and Ecologies of Crusading, Colonization, and Religious Conversion in the Medieval Baltic. Terra Sacra II
Authors: Maleszka Anna 
Published: November 2021

Environment, Colonization, and the Baltic Crusader States. Terra Sacra I, and Ecologies of Crusading, Colonization, and Religious Conversion in the Medieval Baltic. Terra Sacra II. Edited by Aleksander Pluskowski. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers n.v., 2019.

Author’s studies funded by the National Science Centre, Poland’s (NCN) PRELUDIUM grant no. 2016/23/N/HS3/00660.
Liturgiczno-pastoralny aspekt rozwoju polskiej myśli teologicznej o Wniebowzięciu NMP
Authors: Węsierski Krzysztof 
Published: November 2021

W artykule została podjęta kwestia wpływu liturgii na rozwój teologicznej prawdy o Wniebowzięciu Najświętszej Maryi Panny. Śledząc jej treść zauważa się interesującą zależność między liturgią a Stolicą Apostolską. Z Jednej strony liturgia, stanowiąc wyznanie prawd niebiańskich, przy poddaniu Najwyższemu Urzędowi Nauczycielskiemu Kościoła, jest źródłem, które może dostarczać argumentów oraz świadectw dla rozeznania pewnego szczegółowego punktu nauki chrześcijańskiej. Natomiast z drugiej strony Stolica Apostolska nie tylko wyraża zgodę na wprowadzenie święta „Wniebowzięcia” Najświętszej Maryi Panny, lecz również ustalała autorytatywnie co jest jego treścią. To z kolei przyczynia się do wyjaśnienia przedmiotu obchodzonej uroczystości. Materiał źródłowy badanego zagadnienia stanowi wybrana polska literatura teologiczna w okresie od uroczystego ogłoszenia Wniebowzięcia 1.11.1950 r. do 1965 r. Studiując ją dostrzega się, iż mariolodzy budują swe wypowiedzi na kanwie Pisma Świętego i Tradycji Kościoła. Zgłębiając osiągnięcia polskiej mariologii dostrzega się kreatywną, samodzielną interpretację badanych źródeł. Dzięki temu wspomniani mariolodzy nie zatrzymują się tylko na studiowaniu treści źródeł, lecz sami prezentują nowe rozwiązania, które z kolei stanowią wkład w rozwój myśli mariologicznej.
Bayesian Meta-Prior Learning Using Empirical Bayes
Authors: Nabi Sareh , Nassif Houssam , Hong Joseph , Mamani Hamed , Imbens Guido 
Published: November 2021

Adding domain knowledge to a learning system is known to improve results. In multiparameter Bayesian frameworks, such knowledge is incorporated as a prior. On the other hand, the various model parameters can have different learning rates in real-world problems, especially with skewed data. Two often-faced challenges in operation management and management science applications are the absence of informative priors and the inability to control parameter learning rates. In this study, we propose a hierarchical empirical Bayes approach that addresses both challenges and that can generalize to any Bayesian framework. Our method learns empirical meta-priors from the data itself and uses them to decouple the learning rates of first-order and second-order features (or any other given feature grouping) in a generalized linear model. Because the first-order features are likely to have a more pronounced effect on the outcome, focusing on learning first-order weights first is likely to improve performance and convergence time. Our empirical Bayes method clamps features in each group together and uses the deployed model’s observed data to empirically compute a hierarchical prior in hindsight. We report theoretical results for the unbiasedness, strong consistency, and optimal frequentist cumulative regret properties of our meta-prior variance estimator. We apply our method to a standard supervised learning optimization problem as well as an online combinatorial optimization problem in a contextual bandit setting implemented in an Amazon production system. During both simulations and live experiments, our method shows marked improvements, especially in cases of small traffic. Our findings are promising because optimizing over sparse data is often a challenge. This paper was accepted by Hamid Nazerzadeh, Management Science Special Section on Data-Driven Prescriptive Analytics.
First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens
Authors: Birras Jasmin , White Samuel J. , Jonsdottir Sigridur , Novotny Ella N. , Ziegler Anja , Wilson A. Douglas , Frey Rebecka , Torsteinsdottir Sigurbjörg , Alcocer Marcos , Marti Eliane 
Published: November 2021

Background
Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an IgE-mediated allergic dermatitis in horses incited by salivary allergens from Culicoides spp. IBH does not occur in Iceland, as the causative agents are absent, however a high prevalence is seen in horses exported to Culicoides-rich environments.

Aims
To study the natural course of sensitization to Culicoides allergens and identify the primary sensitizing allergen(s) in horses exported from Iceland utilizing a comprehensive panel of Culicoides recombinant (r-) allergens.

Method
IgE microarray profiling to 27 Culicoides r-allergens was conducted on 110 serological samples from horses imported to Switzerland from Iceland that subsequently developed IBH or remained healthy. Furthermore, a longitudinal study of 31 IBH horses determined IgE profiles the summer preceding first clinical signs of IBH (TIBH-1), the summer of first clinical signs (TIBH) and the following summer (TIBH+1). In a group of Icelandic horses residing in Sweden, effects of origin (born in Iceland or Sweden) and duration of IBH (<4 years, 4–7 years, >7 years) on Culicoides-specific IgE was evaluated. Sero-positivity rates and IgE levels were compared.

Results
At TIBH, horses were sensitized to a median of 11 r-allergens (range = 0–21), of which nine were major allergens. This was significantly higher than TIBH-1 (3, 0–16), as well as the healthy (1, 0–14) group. There was no significant increase between TIBH and TIBH+1(12, 0–23). IBH-affected horses exported from Iceland had a significantly higher degree of sensitization than those born in Europe, while duration of IBH did not significantly affect degree of sensitization.

Conclusion
Significant sensitization is only detected in serum the year of first clinical signs of IBH. Horses become sensitized simultaneously to multiple Culicoides r-allergens, indicating that IgE-reactivity is due to co-sensitization rather than cross-reactivity between Culicoides allergens. Nine major first sensitizing r-allergens have been identified, which could be used for preventive allergen immunotherapy.