bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appropriateness of using vitamin K for the correction of INR elevation secondary to hepatic disease in critically ill patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Sulaiman Khalid Al , Mutairi Mashael Al , Harbi Omar Al , Duraihim Alanoud Al , Aldosary Sara , Khalil Haifa Al , Shaya Abdulrahman Al , Harbi Shmeylan Al , Alotaibi Nouf , Aamer Kholoud Al , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Katheri Abdulmalik Al , Bekairy Abdulkareem M. Al 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatic diseases have been associated with an increased risk of coagulopathy and increased odds of secondary thrombosis and bleeding. Using vitamin K for correction of coagulopathy in critically ill patients is controversial with limited evidence.Objective: To evaluate the efficacy as well as safety of vitamin K in correction of international normalized ratio (INR) elevation secondary to liver disease in critically ill patients.Setting: Tertiary teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia.Method: A retrospective case-control study of adult ICU patients with coagulopathy secondary to liver disease. A total of 98 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups based on vitamin K administration to correct INR elevation. differences. The propensity score was generated based on disease severity scores to adjust group.Main outcomes: The primary outcome was to evaluate the association between vitamin K administration and the incidence of new bleeding events in critically ill patients with INR elevation secondary to liver disease. Secondary outcomes were to evaluate the incidence of a new thrombotic event and the degree of INR correction with vitamin K. Results: Forty-seven patients (48%) received vitamin K during the study period. The incidence of the new bleeding event was not statistically different between groups (OR 2.4, 95% CI 0.28-21.67, P=0.42). Delta of INR reduction was observed with a median of 0.63 when the first dose is given (p-value: <.0001). However, other subsequent doses of vitamin K were not statistically significant.Conclusion: Using vitamin K for INR correction in critically ill patients with coagulopathy secondary to liver disease was not associated with a lower incidence of new bleeding events. Vitamin K was efficient in reducing INR level at the first dose, other subsequent doses were not.Impacts on practice: 1. Routine use of vitamin K to correct PT/INR in critically ill patients with liver disease may need be re-evaluated.2. If the initial dose of vitamin K does not reverse INR elevation, subsequent doses may not have any effect.3. Using vitamin K to correct INR was not associated with a lower incidence of new bleeding events nor RBCs/Platelets transfusion than patients who did not receive it.
Environmental Radioactivity evaluation and its health-related effects using gamma spectrometry in Delanta-Dawunt, Wollo District, Ethiopia
Authors: Legasu Mekuanint Lemlem , Chaubey Ashok K 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background & Methodology : The specific activity concentration of naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and their health related effects were determined in different environmental samples(gemstones) collected from Delanta-Dawunt. Which is one of the mining place in Ethiopia to extract mainly opals (gemstones). Sample collection and the gamma spectroscopic analysis followed the recommended international procedures for such type of research. Gamma-ray spectrometry was applied using HPGe gamma-ray detector and PC-based MCA. The Purpose of this research: to determine the activity concentrations of the radionuclides U/Th series and K of gemstones(opals), to determine life time cancer risk of radionuclide in the environment , to assess the hazard and risk to the public associated with these dose values , to conduct the geochemical studies by quantifying the levels of trace gemstones as well as the physical parameters in soil samples within and around it, and To determine the radiation doses from these activity concentrations and compare with international recommended dose limits. Results: The results of the activity concentration on our research work showed significant variations from 11.97 ± 2.46 to 62.44 ± 14.99 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, 25.69 ± 3.69 to 137.84 ± 13.23 Bq kg-1 for 232Th and 184.84 ± 3.59 to 969.56 ±18.16 Bq kg-1 for 40K. The mean radioactivity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K was found to be around 29.84 ± 6.53, 68.44 ± 18.94, 390.87 ± 6.09 Bk kg-1 respectively. Conculsion: The mean values of Radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose, annual effective dose equivalent, external and internal radiation hazard (Hex and Hin) index ,and activity utilization index is 151.68±19.46 Bq kg-1, 72.19 ± 8.48 nGy h-1, 0.07 ± 0.01mSv y-1,0.43, 0.51, 0.57 ± 0.08 and 0.29 ± 0.03 respectively. The specific activity of 232Th is higher than the world mean value and 40K is the same as the world mean value. The radiation hazard indices, ELCR values found in this study are lower than the world mean values. However, the absorbed dose is higher than the world means value. This is due to the reason of high thorium concentration existence and opal mining is highly explored on such study areas.
Can serum autoantibodies be a potential early detection biomarker for breast cancer in women? a diagnostic test accuracy review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kathrikolly Thejas , Nair Sreekumaran , Mathew Aju , Saxena Prakash , Nair Suma 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

The increasing incidence of breast cancer necessitates the need to explore alternate screening strategies that circumvent the setbacks of conventional techniques specially among population that report earlier age at diagnosis. Serum autoantibodies is one such potential area of interest. However, their ubiquitous presence across cancer types limits its applicability to any one specific type of cancer. This review was therefore carried out to explore and consolidate available evidence on autoantibodies for early detection of breast cancer and to identify those that demonstrated a higher sensitivity.
Methods

A diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) review was carried out to ascertain serum autoantibodies that could be used for early detection of breast cancer among women. All relevant articles that investigated the role of autoantibodies in early detection of breast cancer were included for the review. MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, Ovid SP and Cochrane Library were searched extensively for eligible studies. Quality of the included studies was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) -2 tool. RevMan 5.3 was used for exploratory and MetaDTA 2019 for hierarchical analyses. The review helped identify the most frequently investigated autoantibodies and a meta-analysis further consolidated the findings.
Results

A total of 53 articles were included for the final analysis that reported over a 100 autoantibodies that were studied for early detection of breast cancer in women. P53, MUC1, HER2, HSP60, P16, Cyclin B1 and c-Myc were the most frequently investigated autoantibodies. Of these P53, MUC1, HER2 and HSP60 exhibited higher summary sensitivity measures. While the individual pooled sensitivity estimates ranged between 10–56%, the panel sensitivity values reported across studies were higher with an estimated range of 60–87%.
Conclusion

Findings from the review indicate a higher sensitivity for an autoantibody panel in comparison to individual assays. A panel comprising of P53, MUC1, HER2 and HSP60 autoantibodies has the potential to be investigated as an early detection biomarker for breast cancer.
Differential catalase activity and tolerance to hydrogen peroxide in the filamentous cyanobacteria Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29113 and Anabaena sp. PCC 7120
Authors: Samanta Loknath , Stensjö Karin , Lindblad Peter , Bhattacharya Jyotirmoy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Photoautotrophic cyanobacteria often confront hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive oxygen species potentially toxic to cells when present in sufficiently high concentrations. In this study, H2O2 tolerance ability of filamentous cyanobacteria Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133 (Nostoc 29133) and Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (Anabaena 7120) was investigated. Nostoc 29133 was better able to tolerate H2O2-induced inhibition of chlorophyll a and photosystem II performance, as compared to Anabaena 7120. The intracellular hydroperoxide level (indicator of oxidative status) also did not exhibit as much a rise in Nostoc 29133, as it did in Anabaena 7120 after H2O2 treatment. Accordingly, Nostoc 29133 showed higher intrinsic constitutive catalase activity than Anabaena 7120 indicating that the superior tolerance of Nostoc 29133 stems from its higher ability to decompose H2O2. It is suggested that difference in H2O2 tolerance between closely related filamentous cyanobacteria, as is borne out by this study, may be taken into account for judicious selection and effective use of strains in biotechnology.
Catalytically Active Gold Clusters with Atomic Precision for Noninvasive Early Intervention of Neurotrauma
Authors: Zhang Yunguang , Sun Si , Liu Haile , Ren Qinjuan , Hao Wenting , Xin Qi , Xu Jiangang , Wang Hao , Zhang Xiao-Dong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Neurotrauma is a head or spine injury caused by external forces. It is associated with oxidative stress, caused by the overproduction of peroxides and superoxides, and that can induce wound infection and trigger a serial of immunological reactions. The emerging catalysts have shown great potential for the treatment of brain injury and inhabiting neurogenic inflammation, but are limited to biosafety issues and delivery efficiency.
Results

Herein, we propose the noninvasive delivery route to brain trauma by employing highly active gold clusters with enzyme-like activity for achieving the early intervention. The ultrasmall gold clusters with unique size distribution show excellent catalytic activity with 10 times decomposition rate to H2O2. In vitro experiment shows the gold clusters can decrease the excessive O2•− and H2O2 compared with untreated cells. In vivo experiment shows gold clusters accelerate the wound healing of brain trauma and decrease the peroxide and superoxide of brain tissue. The western blot shows noninvasive treatment can decrease the inflammatory factors via inhibiting the activation of astrocytes and microglia.
Conclusions

Present work shows noninvasive treatment is a promising route for early intervention of brain trauma.
Breast Cancer Survival in the Mammography Era in Brazil: A Population-Based Analysis of 2,715 Cases
Authors: Fernandes Juliana , Machado Beatriz , Cardoso-Filho Cassio , Nativio Juliana , Cabello Cesar , Vale Diama 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background This study aims to assess breast cancer survival rates after one decade of mammography in a large urban area of Brazil. Methods It is a population-based retrospective cohort of women with breast cancer in Campinas, São Paulo, from 2010 to 2014. Age, vital status and stage were accessed through the cancer and mortality registry, and patients records. Statistics used Kaplan-Meier, log-rank and Cox's regression. Results Out of the 2,715 cases, 665 deaths (24.5%) were confirmed until early 2020. The mean age at diagnosis was 58.6 years. Women 50-69 years were 48.0%, and stage I the most frequent (25.0%). The overall mean survival was 8.4 years (8.2-8.5). The 5-year survival (5yOS) for overall, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79 years was respectively 80.5%, 87.7%, 83.7%, 83.8% and 75.5%. The 5yOS for stages 0, I, II, III and IV was 95.2%, 92.6%, 89.4%, 71.1% and 47.1%. There was no significant difference in survival in stage I or II (p=0.058). Compared to women 50-59 years, death's risk was 2.3 times higher for women 70-79 years and 26% lower for women 40-49 years. Concerning stage I, the risk of death was 1.5, 4.1 and 8.6 times higher, and 34% lower, respectively, for stage II, III, IV and 0. Conclusions In Brazil, breast cancers are currently diagnosed in the early stages, although advanced cases persist. Survival rates may reflect improvements in screening, early detection and treatment. The results can reflect the current status of other regions or countries with similar health care conditions.
A New Path Planning Strategy Based on Level Set Function for Layered Fabrication Processes
Authors: Hong Xiaoying , Xiao Guiqian , Zhang Yancheng , Zhou Jie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new equidistant offset filling theory based on level set function and corresponding numerical solving algorithm based on dynamic finite difference method were proposed. Firstly, the closed curve is defined as the zero-value contour of level set function. Then, the level set equation, a partial differential equation, has been built to get the level set function, and a dynamic finite difference method has been proposed to solve the level set function. Secondly, three types of cross-sections which are simple polygon, multi-island polygon and multi-hole polygon were used to test the equidistant offset filling effect of the algorithm. The test results show that the proposed theory and algorithm in this paper can well deal with the equidistant filling problem of these cross-sections. In addition, any complex section can be equidistant offset filled by the algorithm proposed in this paper, and the calculation cost is significantly related to the number of offsets, but not directly related to the section complexity. Finally, the remanufacturing of a typical crankshaft hot forging die proves that the algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively complete the remanufacturing repair of this kind of forging die. The surface of the die is smooth, and there are no defects such as porosity and slag inclusion after machining. Compared with the new die, the manufacturing cost can be saved more than 50%, and the efficiency of die manufacturing can be improved more than 60%. This is due to the machining allowance of the die after additive manufacturing is very small, and it can be quickly repaired on site.
Transcriptional Repressor Gal80 Recruits Corepressor Complex Cyc8-Tup1 to Structural Genes of the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae GAL Regulon
Authors: Lettow Julia , Schüller Hans-Joachim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Under non-inducing conditions (absence of galactose), yeast structural genes of the GAL regulon are repressed by Gal80, preventing interaction of Gal4 bound to UASGAL promoter motifs with general factors of the transcriptional machinery. In this work we show that Gal80 is also able to interact with histone deacetylase-recruiting corepressor proteins Cyc8 and Tup1, indicating an additional mechanism of gene repression. This is supported by our demonstration that a lexA-Gal80 fusion efficiently mediates repression of a reporter gene with an upstream lexA operator sequence. Corepressor interaction and in vivo gene repression could be mapped to a Gal80 minimal domain of 65 amino acids (aa 81-145). Site-directed mutagenesis of selected residues within this domain showed that a cluster of aromatic-hydrophobic amino acids (YLFV, aa 118-121) is important, although not solely responsible, for gene repression. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, Cyc8 and Tup1 were shown to be present at the GAL1 promoter in a wild-type strain but not in a gal80 mig1 mutant under non-inducing (derepressing) growth conditions. Expression of a GAL1-lacZ fusion was elevated in a tup1 mutant (but not in a cyc8 mutant) grown in derepressing medium, indicating that Tup1 may be mainly responsible for this second mechanism of Gal80-dependent gene repression.
PCL Scaffold Combined with Rat Tail Collagen Type I to Reduce Keratocyte Differentiation and Prevent Corneal Stroma Fibrosis after Injury.
Authors: Xu Wenhan , Kong Bin , Xie Huatao , Liu Weijian , Liu Sheng , Zhang Yanbin , Yang Fan , Xiao Jiheng , Zhang Jiaqi , Mi Shengli , Xiong Liming , Zhang Mingchang , Jiang Fagang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The cornea is one of the major refractive eye components with significant functions, and its transparency is essential for clear vision. With regard to corneal injury, the corneal epithelium has a strong self-healing ability, while the corneal stroma is not capable of total self-repair. Therefore, preventing fibrosis and reducing keratocyte differentiation after injury have always been a challenge. The severe shortage of donor corneas for transplantation and transplant rejection prompted the development of corneal tissue engineering. In this study, we fabricated a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) microfibrous scaffold and infused the scaffold with rat tail collagen type I to obtain a 3D composite material. The PCL/collagen scaffold was designed to fabricate an optimal construct that simulates the stromal structure with properties that are most similar to the native cornea. The PCL scaffold has good mechanical properties, and infusion with rat tail collagen type I improved its biocompatibility. The results demonstrate that 3D composite material could reduce keratocyte differentiation, help achieve regular collagen distribution, and promote corneal repair.
Myocardial strain measured via two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in a family diagnosed with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ma Changsheng , Fan Jiali , Zhou Bingyuan , Zhao Caiming , Zhao Xin , Su Bo , Miao Yuzhu , Liao Yuping 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular arrhythmias, right and/or left ventricular involvement, and fibro-fatty infiltrations in the myocardium. We report a family diagnosed with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC) and depict their echocardiographic characteristics.Methods and results: Fifteen family members were divided into three groups based on whether they carried the TMEM43 mutation and had been diagnosed with ALVC, were evaluated. Eight of them had TMEM43 mutations, and four were diagnosed with ALVC according to the Padua criteria. Only the proband experienced sudden cardiac death and had a dilated left ventricle. Left ventricular ejection fraction was reduced in two patients, however left ventricular global longitudinal strain was depressed in three patients. Low QRS voltages in limb leads were evident in three patients, and five patients had frequent ventricular extrasystoles. Late gadolinium enhancement was evident in three patients. Left ventricular layer-specific strain showed that the transmural strain gradient ratio was increased in patients diagnosed with ALVC, and it was elevated in the genotype-positive and phenotype-negative group than in healthy individuals.Conclusion: Global left ventricular longitudinal strain evaluated left ventricular function better than left ventricular ejection fraction. The transmural strain gradient ratio was elevated in patients diagnosed with ALVC, suggesting that it was valuable for the diagnosis and evaluation of ALVC.
Role of calcium channel blocker in excessive mast cell degranulation
Authors: Datta Sagarika 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:I present a case of a female patient, age 45 years, for whom the uncontrolled mast cell degranulation created many issues related to allergy like, skin rash, itching, breathing discomfort, frequent throat infection, GERD, migraine, fibromyalgia, peripheral neuropathy, depression, anxiety disorder, constipation etc. For the patient, it was observed that calcium channel blockers seem to control the unnecessary and uncontrolled mast cell degranulation. CCB seemed to have a role to play in mast cell degranulation.Case presentation:When the patient is taking either Flunarizine or Pregabalin or both together, the need for antihistamine and montelukast are very low. The patient suffers less throat infection while Flunarizine or Pregabalin are being taken. More the dose of Pregabalin less the occurrence of any type of allergy (food, pollen, dust etc.). The requirement of corticosteroid inhaler for breathing discomfort is also less. Frequency of body pain, migraine is minimal. Occurrence of stomach acid or GERD or digestion disorder is also very less. In terms of mood or anxiety, body is stable too. So, per day when 3 Pregabalin (75mg) were taken with 1 Amitriptyline (50mg) and 1 Duloxetine (60mg) health is completely stable with no need for H1 Blocker, H2 Blocker, Montelukast and Corticosteroid inhaler. Conclusion:CCB, specifically L-type CCB must have role in controlling the degranulation of mast cells, thus reducing all problem together at the root. But there are disadvantages like aggravated IBS (lazy gut), aggravated RLS and fluid retention (swelling of palm).We must check the use of Gabapentin and Sodium cromoglycate too. They should also control the unnecessary mast cell degranulation. Thus, fixing the problem at the root.
Physical-mechanical Properties and Radon Exhalation of Fiber-reinforced Uranium Tailings Geopolymer Solidified Bodies
Authors: Jiang Fuliang , Tan Biao , Wang Zhe , Liu Yong , Hao Yuying , Zhang Chao , Wu Haonan , Hong Changshou 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Uranium tailing ponds are a potential major source of radioactive pollution. Solidification treatment of uranium tailings can control the diffusion and migration of radioactive elements in uranium tailings to safeguard the surrounding ecological environment. Literature review and field investigation were conducted in this study prior to fabricating 11 solidified uranium tailings samples with different proportions with PVA fiber, basalt fiber, metakaolin, and fly ash. The samples’ pore structure, volume resistivity, compressive strength, and radon exhalation rate variations were analyzed. The pore size of the solidified samples is mainly between 1–50 nm, the pore volume is between 0.726–1.750 cm3/g, the volume resistivity is between 1411.33-1937.33 Ω·m, and the compressive strength is between 20.61–36.91 MPa. The radon exhalation rate is between 0.0397–0.0853 Bq·m2·s− 1, which is lower than the national standard. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the physical and mechanical properties and radon exhalation rate of the solidified samples, the basalt fiber is found to outperform PVA fiber overall. The solidification effect is optimal when the 0.6% basalt fiber is added.