bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical trick in suture-button suspensionplasty for the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal arthritis
Authors: Cavit Ali , Civan Osman , Özcanli Haluk 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSuture-button suspensionplasty has been popularized in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) arthritis in recent years. The surgical technique of this method was well defined previously. The most challenging and important part of this technique is the tensioning of the suture-button system to preserve first metacarpal height after trapeziectomy. In present study, we would like to present a technical trick about adjusting the tension while performing suspensionplasty using suture-button device in thumb CMC joint osteoarthritis. In the original technique, trapeziectomy is performed prior to fixation and tensioning of suture-button system. However, it is quite difficult to recreate the original trapezial space, since first metacarpal subsides after trapeziectomy. The trick in our technique is that trapezium remains in its anatomic position up to the end of the operation. Thus, we do not need to make effort to adjust the thumb ray height and use fluoroscopic imaging to ensure its position. In conclusion, we believe that our technique simplifies the most challenging part of the operation, shortens the operation time, preserves the original first ray height and diminishes the exposure of ionizing radiation as it reduces the need for fluoroscopy.
Percutaneous Tracheostomy in COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients: Experience from 30 Consecutive Procedures
Authors: Bertini Pietro , Forfori Francesco , Bruschini Luca , Corradi Francesco , Ribechini Alessandro , Brogi Etrusca , Guarracino Fabio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroduction Percutaneous tracheostomy (PT) in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a well-established practice that shows a reduced risk of wound infection compared with surgical tracheostomy, thus facilitating mechanical ventilation, nursing procedures, reduction in sedation and early mobilization.Objective This is an observational case-control study that compares the results of PT in ICU patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prospectively enrolled to a similar group of subjects, retrospectively recruited, without COVID-19.Methods Ninety-eight consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU at Pisa Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana between March 11th and May 20th, 2020 were prospectively studied. Thirty of them underwent PT using different techniques. Another 30 non-COVID-19 ICU patients were used as a control-group. The main outcome was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of PT in COVID-19 patients. We measured the rate of complications.Results Percutaneous tracheostomy was performed with different techniques in 30 of the 98 COVID-19 ICU patients admitted to the ICU. Tracheostomy was performed on day 10 (mean 10 ± 3.3) from the time of intubation. Major tracheal complications occurred in 5 patients during the procedure. In the control group of 30 ICU patients, no differences were found with regards to the timing of the tracheostomy, whereas a statistically significant difference was observed regarding complications with only one tracheal ring rupture reported.Conclusion Percutaneous tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients showed a higher rate of complications compared with controls even though the same precautions and the same expertise were applied. Larger studies are needed to understand whether the coronavirus disease itself carries an increased risk of tracheal damage.
Association between Receipt of Intrapartum Magnesium Sulfate and Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Miller Emily M.S. , Sakowicz Allie , Leger Elise , Lange Elizabeth , Yee Lynn M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the association between intrapartum administration of magnesium sulfate in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and postpartum hemorrhage.
Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of women diagnosed with a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy who delivered singleton gestations >32 weeks at a single, large volume tertiary care center between January 2006 and February 2015. Women who received intrapartum magnesium sulfate for seizure prophylaxis were compared with women who did not receive intrapartum magnesium sulfate. The primary outcome was frequency of postpartum hemorrhage. Secondary outcomes included estimated blood loss, uterine atony, and transfusion of packed red blood cells. Bivariable analyses were used to compare the frequencies of each outcome. Multivariable logistic regression models examined the independent associations of magnesium sulfate with outcomes.
Results Of 2,970 women who met inclusion criteria, 1,072 (36%) received intrapartum magnesium sulfate. Women who received magnesium sulfate were more likely to be nulliparous, publicly insured, of minority race or ethnicity, earlier gestational age at delivery, and undergo labor induction. The frequency of postpartum hemorrhage was significantly higher among women who received magnesium sulfate compared with those who did not (12.4 vs. 9.3%, p = 0.008), which persisted after controlling for potential confounders. Of secondary outcomes, there was no difference in estimated blood loss between women who did and did not receive magnesium sulfate (250 mL [interquartile range 250–750] vs. 250 mL [interquartile range 250–750], p = 0.446). However, compared with women who did not receive magnesium sulfate, women who received magnesium sulfate had a greater frequency of uterine atony (8.9 vs 4.9%, p < 0.001) and transfusion of packed red blood cells (2.0 vs. 0.8%, p = 0.008). These differences persisted after controlling for potential confounders.
Conclusion Intrapartum magnesium sulfate administration to women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is associated with increased odds of postpartum hemorrhage, uterine atony, and red blood cell transfusion.
Successful Reimplantation of Spinal Cord Stimulator One Year after Device Removal Due to Infection
Authors: Schwartz Ruben H. , Southerland Warren , Urits Ivan , Kaye Alan D. , Viswanath Omar , Yazdi Cyrus 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSpinal cord stimulation is an effective treatment modality for patients with numerous pain conditions. Although proven to be highly successful, device implantation does come with some inherent risks. One of the most challenging complications is perioperative infection. For most patients, a simple trial of oral antibiotics and in-office drainage of any superficial infectious material may be sufficient. Deeper infections with wound dehiscence necessitate device removal and intravenous antibiotic therapy. The question remains, if the device was previously providing pain relief for the patient, when is the appropriate time to reimplant the device after the infection has cleared? We describe the case of explantation of an infected device and successful reimplantation after 1 year.
The Deviated Nasal Tip: A Personal Technique for Correction Using Monolateral Crural Overlay and Monolateral Dome Truncation
Authors: Marianetti Tito M. , Vellone Valentino , Ramieri Valerio , De Angelis Francesca 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to present a novel approach to correct nasal tip deviation with monolateral crural overlay or monolateral dome truncation, presenting as an isolated deformity or in complex nose deviations. Nasal tip deviation can be congenital or posttraumatic, due to a dislocated septum or cartilaginous septal or lower lateral cartilage malformations. Although some treatment strategies have been introduced, appropriate treatment remains a challenge because of the complexity and variability of such deformities. It had been assumed that in most nasal tip deviations, a lower lateral cartilage was longer than the contralateral one. The authors analyzed 158 patients from January 2015 to October 2019 with nasal tip deviation and corrected the deviated tip by using a monolateral interruptive technique (lateral crural overlay or monolateral dome truncation) on the lower lateral cartilage. Photographic comparison between preoperative and at least 1-year follow-up for nasal axis deviation variable was analyzed and a self-assessment questionnaire was administrated to the patients at 1-year follow-up. The mean nasal deviation was 6.59° (±3.1°) preoperatively and 1.56° (±0.26°) postoperatively (p < 0.05). The range of differences between pre and postoperative deviations was 2.7° to 15.1°, and the mean difference was 6.1° (±3.21°). Of the 84 patients, 47 (55.95%) were very satisfied, 33 (39.28%) were satisfied, and 4 (4.76%) were unsatisfied with surgical the results and required revision surgery. In authors' hands, monolateral interruptive techniques (lateral crural overlay or monolateral dome truncation) are a viable and feasible option to restore nasal tip symmetry. These techniques achieved high satisfaction rates among patients and resulted in reliable and reproducible symmetry immediately visible after surgery and stable over time (1-year postsurgery controls).
Facial Protection to Prevent Facial Trauma and Allow for Optimal Protection after Facial Fracture Repair
Authors: Kim Roderick , Shokri Tom , Wang Weitao , Ducic Yadranko 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFacial skeletal fractures continue to affect humankind, and many methods to alleviate and prevent the injuries outright have been sought after. Prevention is desired, but the implementation and general compliance may contribute to missed opportunities to decrease the burden of facial skeletal trauma. In this article, we explore the preventative as well as postoperative options for the protection of the facial skeleton.
GVC transformation and a new investment landscape in the 2020s: Driving forces, directions, and a forward-looking research and policy agenda
Authors: Zhan James X. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGlobal value chains (GVCs) will undergo substantive transformation in the decade ahead, reshaping the global trade and investment landscape. The change will be driven by five major forces: economic governance realignment, the new industrial revolution, the sustainability endeavor, corporate accountability, and resilience-oriented restructuring. All of this will present challenges and opportunities for firms and states alike, leading to an investment-development paradigm shift. This article discusses the five driving forces for the GVC transformation, projects ten broad trends in the evolution of the global trade and investment landscape, and also presents a forward-looking agenda for multi-dimensional research and policy in the decade ahead. It aims at providing a framework for future research that encourages cross-disciplinary collaboration as well as a structured dialogue between academia and policymakers.
The impact of solvent tanδ on the magnetic characteristics of nanostructured NiZn-ferrite film deposited by microwave-assisted solvothermal technique
Authors: Kahmei R. D. Ralandinliu , Arackal Sarath , Shivashankar S. A. , Bhat Navakanta , Sai Ranajit 
Published: February 2021

Nanostructured Ni-Zn ferrite (NZF) thin films, deposited by a CMOS-compatible microwave-assisted solvothermal deposition (MAS-D) process, exhibit ‘far-from-equilibrium’ distribution of cations in the spinel structure, and thus, exciting magnetic properties. Solvents with different dielectric loss-tangents, such as ethanol (tanδ≈0.94), 1-decanol (tanδ≈0.1), and benzyl alcohol (tanδ≈0.67), were mixed in five judiciously-chosen proportions – ED35 (ethanol:1-decanol=3:5; tanδ≈0.51), ED33 (tanδ≈0.63), EB25 (tanδ≈0.66), EB35 (tanδ≈0.70), and EB33 (tanδ≈0.74) – to study the impact of effective tanδ on cation occupancy and the nature of magnetization in the resulting films. The maximum temperature attained during microwave irradiation (Tmax) and the heating rate (∆T/trise) increase as the effective tanδ of the solvent mixture increases, which in effect leads the Ni atoms to migrate towards equilibrium lattice sites. Unlike bulk NZF, where all Ni atoms occupy octahedral sites (B-sites), the films reported here exhibit just 28% of Ni atoms in B-sites at best when deposited from the precursor solution EB25. At room temperature all films are superparamagnetic, while the maximum moment (MS=100 emu/cc) is observed in the film with the highest % of Ni atoms in B-sites. Thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) of the samples is studied and compared. Very high effective anisotropy constants (Keff=140 kJ/m3), and two-orders-of magnitude-higher inter-particle dipole moment (Edipole≈8×10-20 J @300 K) are observed in samples prepared from benzyl alcohol rather than 1-decanol – signifying the potential for tailoring magnetic properties by the choice of solvents in the MAS-D process.
Harvesting forage fish can prevent fishing-induced population collapses of large piscivorous fish
Authors: Soudijn Floor H. , Daniël van Denderen P. , Heino Mikko , Dieckmann Ulf , de Roos André M. 
Published: February 2021

Significance
In many marine ecosystems, fisheries target predatory fish, known as piscivores, as well as their prey fish, known as forage fish. It is generally thought that harvesting of forage fish negatively affects piscivore population abundance and resilience. Here, we show that, contrary to this widely held belief, piscivorous fish stocks exposed to high fishing mortality benefit from harvesting of their forage fish. On the other hand, piscivorous fish stocks exposed to low fishing mortality are reduced by harvesting of their forage fish. The beneficial effect occurs when the harvesting of forage fish releases density dependence in the forage-fish population. Our findings have implications for policy advice regarding the management of forage-fish fisheries and the protection of piscivorous fish stocks.
The conserved autoimmune-disease risk geneTMEM39Aregulates lysosome dynamics
Authors: Luo Shuo , Wang Xin , Bai Meirong , Jiang Wei , Zhang Zhe , Chen Yifan , Ma Dengke K. 
Published: February 2021

SignificanceAutoimmune diseases are characterized by overactivation of an organism’s immune system and subsequent tissue damage and pathogenesis. Although genome-wide association studies have identified genetic variations, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), that are linked to autoimmunity, the exact function of the genes involved and molecular mechanisms underlying their contribution to autoimmunity remain not well understood. Here, we show that an evolutionarily conserved autoimmunity risk gene,TMEM39A, regulates lysosome dynamics through interacting and functioning with molecular motor dynein intermediate light chain. As lysosomes are implicated in various aspects of immune-system dysfunction, including abnormal cytokine secretion and antigen presentation, our study provides an important mechanistic insight suggesting how TMEM39A might contribute to autoimmunity like multiple sclerosis and lupus.
Characterization of the strain-rate–dependent mechanical response of single cell–cell junctions
Authors: Esfahani Amir Monemian , Rosenbohm Jordan , Safa Bahareh Tajvidi , Lavrik Nickolay V. , Minnick Grayson , Zhou Quan , Kong Fang , Jin Xiaowei , Kim Eunju , Liu Ying , Lu Yongfeng , Lim Jung Yul , Wahl James K. , Dao Ming , Huang Changjin , Yang Ruiguo 
Published: February 2021

SignificanceCell–cell junctions are essential components in multicellular structures and often experience strains of different magnitudes and rates. However, their mechanical behavior is currently underexplored due to the lack of techniques to quantitatively characterize junctional stress–strain relationships. We developed a polymeric microstructure to strain the mutual junction of a single cell pair while simultaneously recording the junction stress and observed previously unseen strain-rate–dependent junction responses. We showed that cytoskeleton growth could relax the stress buildup and prevent junction failure at low strain rates, while high strain rates led to synchronized junction failures at remarkably large strains (over 200%). We expect this platform and our biophysical understanding to form the foundation for the rate-dependent mechanics of cell–cell junctions.
Indefinite subjects in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Nie Xiaowen , Liu Feng-hsi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIndefinite subjects in Mandarin Chinese are dis-preferred or restricted according to previous studies although they do exist in natural data. In this study we examine two issues: when they are used and why they are used. The first issue is best answered by looking at the information status of indefinite subjects. We adopt the framework of givenness and newness developed byPrince (1992)and revised by Birner’s (2004,2006). We find that although indefinite subjects are new most of the time, most of them also carry some old information; the given-before-new principle is satisfied. For the second issue, we examine topic continuity of indefinite subjects in discourse. We find that they perform a discourse function different from that of the post-verbal NPs in existential sentences. Most of the time their referents are non-persistent, and they are not discourse topics, unlike post-verbal NPs in existential sentences.
Language policy and linguistic landscape
Authors: Savski Kristof 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Analysis of signage has traditionally represented a point of entry into examinations of language policy, with the
visibility of different languages seen to be potentially indicative of repression of multilingualism, of struggles between
different language regimes or of grass-roots resistance to top-down agendas. This paper argues for a more discursive approach to
the nexus between linguistic landscape and language policy in investigations of multilingual spaces. I present two case studies of
the interaction between language policy and linguistic landscape in the southern Thai city of Hat Yai, the first examining part of
the central commercial district and the second the cafeteria of the main university located in the city. The findings highlight
numerous points of interaction between language policy and public signage, though they also underline the complex and sometimes
tenuous nature of this relationship.
e-DriMe
Authors: Ortego-Antón María Teresa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDried meats is an area that has not been widely studied from a terminological approach despite the growing need of Spanish companies to adapt data about their products into English to export their goods abroad. In this paper, we focus on the design and compilation of e-DriMe, a Spanish and English e-dictionary intended to assist to communicate effectively in the field of dried-meats. This e-dictionary is based on the principles of the Function Theory of Lexicography (Bergenholtz and Tarp 2002,2003) and lexical semantics for terminology (L’Homme 2020). Firstly, the methodology to compile the e-dictionary is described, which relies on the content of a virtual Spanish-English comparable corpus of dried meat product cards. In addition, term extraction and entry tailoring are explained. Finally, some entries are exemplified. To summarize, we propose a new resource, e-DriMe, that can be easily integrated into computerized writing aids and computer-assisted translation tools.
Facile fabrication of binary wettability patterned microstructure for microfluidics
Authors: Tang Biao , Wei Miaoyang , Shao Wan , Barman Jitesh , Sun Hailing , Lu Longsheng , Groenewold Jan , Wang Yao , Zhou Guofu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Diverse wetting contrasts of binary wettability patterns in nature have inspired a versatile platform for microfluidics manipulation. To date, nevertheless, building a binary wettability patterned micro/nano structure with highly ordered configuration has inevitably brought wettability contamination challenges in interface control. Herein, this work studied a facile approach to fabricate permanent and contamination-free microstructure with high contrast wettability by means of adding a small amount of surfactant to the photoresist, rather than through any surface modification of the substrate. Accordingly, we focused on a systematic research of the wettability contamination prevention, binary wettability interfacial pattern control, and the dynamic electrowetting performance. The results demonstrated the proposed fabrication of binary wettability patterned microstructure without reactive-ion etching would be advantageous for contamination-free, permanent, simple, reliable and precise process, which could enable the microfluidic electrowetting display highly stable and controllable, thus it is expected to suit fields all the way from microfluidic-based fundamental studies to materials processing engineering and device applications.
Strain engineering of graphene nano-resonator
Authors: More S K , Naik A K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nano-resonators are increasingly used to study fundamental phenomena in dynamical systems. Strain tuning of resonance frequency provides an additional control knob in experiments that use these devices. In this work, we present a simple technique to tune the strain in these nano-resonators by controllably deforming a small section of the silicon substrate. We fabricate the graphene nano-resonators on a thinned circular region on the Si/SiO2 substrate. This circular diaphragm can be easily deformed by creating a pressure difference across it. We achieve this using a simple printed circuit board and KF-flange assembly. With this setup, we can produce a strain change of 12 × 10−5 on the device, with 1 bar pressure difference. This strain is enough to observe a corresponding frequency shift of 9 MHz. The proposed method to produce strain in the nano-resonators is free from any fabrication constraints and can be utilized for a wide variety of nano-resonators.
Defect coupling behavior and flexural wave energy harvesting of phononic crystal beams with double defects in thermal environments
Authors: Geng Qian , Wang Tian , Wu Lei , Li Yueming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As an effective means to manipulate elastic wave energy, the defect mode of phononic crystals (PCs) has recently been employed to implement vibration energy harvesting by localizing waves within certain areas at defect frequencies. Prior research has indicated that the thermal environment affects the defect behavior and energy harvesting of single defects. However, the dynamic characteristics of multi-defect phononic crystals have not yet been discussed. This paper presents an investigation of the coupling behavior and energy harvesting of double defects in heated PC beams. The frequencies and mode shapes of defect modes are studied for different defect pairs within the first bandgap. Results indicate that the difference in the single-defect frequency between the two defects plays a dominant role in determining the intensity of the defect interaction which splits the defect modes. Meanwhile, the influence of the energy distribution around the defects on the coupling behavior becomes prominent when the two defects are quite close to each other. These two factors could cause degeneration of the defect modes. As an external factor, thermal load could enhance the defect coupling intensity, and may reactivate the degenerated defect modes. This effect would increase as the initial defect interaction gets stronger. For vibration energy harvesting, temperature rise may lead to a significant reduction in defect-based harvested energy, even though the number of defect-induced resonance peaks could be increased in the thermal environment. The thermosensitivity of harvesting performance varies greatly for different combinations of defects. Thermal effects should be considered in the design of defect-based harvesters.