bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between dietary total antioxidant capacity and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on lipid profiles and atherogenic indices among diabetic patients
Authors: Abaj Faezeh , Rafiee Masoumeh , Koohdani Fariba 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to the “neurotrophin” family of growth factors, and it has recently been associated to cardiovascular disease (CVD). We anticipated that BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms may alter CVD risk markers such as serum lipid profile differences, and interaction with total antioxidant capacity of diet (DTAC) could alter these clinical parameters. This cross-sectional study consisted of 667 diabetic patients (39.7% male and 60.3% female). DTAC was calculated by international databases. Biochemical markers including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), pentraxin-3 (PTX3), isoprostaneF2α (PGF2α). interleukin 18 (IL18), leptin and ghrelin were measured by standard protocol. Atherogenic indices (AIP, AC, CR-I, CR-II) were calculated. Genotyping of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms was conducted by the real-time PCR–RFLP method. The gene-diet interactions were evaluated using a generalized linear mode (GLMs). Carriers of the Val/Met genotype who were in the higher median intake of FRAP had lower HDL (P:0.04) and higher TG (P:0.005), AIP (P:0.02) and AC (P:0.02) index compared to Val/Val genotypes with lower median intake. Moreover, diabetic patients with Val/Met genotype who consumed higher ORAC intake had increased odds for anthropometric indices (BMI (P:0.01) and WC (P:0.03)), lipid profiles (TG) (P:0.01), and atherogenic index (AIP) (P:0.02), also decreased odds for HDL (P:0.03) concentration compared to reference group whit lower ORAC intake. Individuals with Val/Met genotype who consumed higher TRAP intake had increased odds for WC (P:0.04), TC (P:0.001), TG (P < 0.001), AIP (P < 0.001) and AC (P < 0.001). Finally, Val/Met patients with a higher median intake of TEAC had higher TG (P:0.02), AIP (P:0.009) and AC (P:0.03) compared to the reference group whit lower TEAC intake. Our study showed that Val/Met genotype had also the highest lipid profile and atherogenic indices even in the highest adherence to DTAC. While it seems that the presence of the Val/Val wild-type and BDNF Met/Met homozygotes in diabetic patients with a high DTAC is a protective factor.
Investigation of proteins important for microcirculation using in vivo microdialysis after glucose provocation: a proteomic study
Authors: Högstedt Alexandra , Farnebo Simon , Tesselaar Erik , Ghafouri Bijar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInsulin has metabolic and vascular effects in the human body. What mechanisms that orchestrate the effects in the microcirculation, and how the responds differ in different tissues, is however not fully understood. It is therefore of interest to search for markers in microdialysate that may be related to the microcirculation. This study aims to identify proteins related to microvascular changes in different tissue compartments after glucose provocation using in vivo microdialysis. Microdialysis was conducted in three different tissue compartments (intracutaneous, subcutaneous and intravenous) from healthy subjects. Microdialysate was collected during three time periods; recovery after catheter insertion, baseline and glucose provocation, and analyzed using proteomics. Altogether, 126 proteins were detected. Multivariate data analysis showed that the differences in protein expression levels during the three time periods, including comparison before and after glucose provocation, were most pronounced in the intracutaneous and subcutaneous compartments. Four proteins with vascular effects were identified (angiotensinogen, kininogen-1, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein and hemoglobin subunit beta), all upregulated after glucose provocation compared to baseline in all three compartments. Glucose provocation is known to cause insulin-induced vasodilation through the nitric oxide pathway, and this study indicates that this is facilitated through the interactions of the RAS (angiotensinogen) and kallikrein-kinin (kininogen-1) systems.
Development and characterization of a DNA aptamer for MLL-AF9 expressing acute myeloid leukemia cells using whole cell-SELEX
Authors: Earnest Kaylin G. , McConnell Erin M. , Hassan Eman M. , Wunderlich Mark , Hosseinpour Bahareh , Bono Bianca S. , Chee Melissa J. , Mulloy James C. , Willmore William G. , DeRosa Maria C. , Merino Edward J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCurrent classes of cancer therapeutics have negative side effects stemming from off-target cytotoxicity. One way to avoid this would be to use a drug delivery system decorated with targeting moieties, such as an aptamer, if a targeted aptamer is available. In this study, aptamers were selected against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells expressing the MLL-AF9 oncogene through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Twelve rounds of SELEX, including two counter selections against fibroblast cells, were completed. Aptamer pools were sequenced, and three candidate sequences were identified. These sequences consisted of two 23-base primer regions flanking a 30-base central domain. Binding studies were performed using flow cytometry, and the lead sequence had a binding constant of 37.5 + / − 2.5 nM to AML cells, while displaying no binding to fibroblast or umbilical cord blood cells at 200 nM. A truncation study of the lead sequence was done using nine shortened sequences, and showed the 5′ primer was not important for binding. The lead sequence was tested against seven AML patient cultures, and five cultures showed binding at 200 nM. In summary, a DNA aptamer specific to AML cells was developed and characterized for future drug-aptamer conjugates.
An enhanced variant effect predictor based on a deep generative model and the Born-Again Networks
Authors: Kim Ha Young , Jeon Woosung , Kim Dongsup 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe development of an accurate and reliable variant effect prediction tool is important for research in human genetic diseases. A large number of predictors have been developed towards this goal, yet many of these predictors suffer from the problem of data circularity. Here we present MTBAN (Mutation effect predictor using the Temporal convolutional network and the Born-Again Networks), a method for predicting the deleteriousness of variants. We apply a form of knowledge distillation technique known as the Born-Again Networks (BAN) to a previously developed deep autoregressive generative model, mutationTCN, to achieve an improved performance in variant effect prediction. As the model is fully unsupervised and trained only on the evolutionarily related sequences of a protein, it does not suffer from the problem of data circularity which is common across supervised predictors. When evaluated on a test dataset consisting of deleterious and benign human protein variants, MTBAN shows an outstanding predictive ability compared to other well-known variant effect predictors. We also offer a user-friendly web server to predict variant effects using MTBAN, freely accessible at http://mtban.kaist.ac.kr. To our knowledge, MTBAN is the first variant effect prediction tool based on a deep generative model that provides a user-friendly web server for the prediction of deleteriousness of variants.
Automatic segmentation tool for 3D digital rocks by deep learning
Authors: Phan Johan , Ruspini Leonardo C. , Lindseth Frank 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObtaining an accurate segmentation of images obtained by computed microtomography (micro-CT) techniques is a non-trivial process due to the wide range of noise types and artifacts present in these images. Current methodologies are often time-consuming, sensitive to noise and artifacts, and require skilled people to give accurate results. Motivated by the rapid advancement of deep learning-based segmentation techniques in recent years, we have developed a tool that aims to fully automate the segmentation process in one step, without the need for any extra image processing steps such as noise filtering or artifact removal. To get a general model, we train our network using a dataset made of high-quality three-dimensional micro-CT images from different scanners, rock types, and resolutions. In addition, we use a domain-specific augmented training pipeline with various types of noise, synthetic artifacts, and image transformation/distortion. For validation, we use a synthetic dataset to measure accuracy and analyze noise/artifact sensitivity. The results show a robust and accurate segmentation performance for the most common types of noises present in real micro-CT images. We also compared the segmentation of our method and five expert users, using commercial and open software packages on real rock images. We found that most of the current tools fail to reduce the impact of local and global noises and artifacts. We quantified the variation on human-assisted segmentation results in terms of physical properties and observed a large variation. In comparison, the new method is more robust to local noises and artifacts, outperforming the human segmentation and giving consistent results. Finally, we compared the porosity of our model segmented images with experimental porosity measured in the laboratory for ten different untrained samples, finding very encouraging results.
Mechanical mapping of mammalian follicle development using Brillouin microscopy
Authors: Chan Chii Jou , Bevilacqua Carlo , Prevedel Robert 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn early mammalian development, the maturation of follicles containing the immature oocytes is an important biological process as the functional oocytes provide the bulk genetic and cytoplasmic materials for successful reproduction. Despite recent work demonstrating the regulatory role of mechanical stress in oocyte growth, quantitative studies of ovarian mechanical properties remain lacking both in vivo and ex vivo. In this work, we quantify the material properties of ooplasm, follicles and connective tissues in intact mouse ovaries at distinct stages of follicle development using Brillouin microscopy, a non-invasive tool to probe mechanics in three-dimensional (3D) tissues. We find that the ovarian cortex and its interior stroma have distinct material properties associated with extracellular matrix deposition, and that intra-follicular mechanical compartments emerge during follicle maturation. Our work provides an alternative approach to study the role of mechanics in follicle morphogenesis and might pave the way for future understanding of mechanotransduction in reproductive biology, with potential implications for infertility diagnosis and treatment.
Diet-induced alteration of intestinal stem cell function underlies obesity and prediabetes in mice
Authors: Aliluev Alexandra , Tritschler Sophie , Sterr Michael , Oppenländer Lena , Hinterdobler Julia , Greisle Tobias , Irmler Martin , Beckers Johannes , Sun Na , Walch Axel , Stemmer Kerstin , Kindt Alida , Krumsiek Jan , Tschöp Matthias H. , Luecken Malte D. , Theis Fabian J. , Lickert Heiko , Böttcher Anika 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExcess nutrient uptake and altered hormone secretion in the gut contribute to a systemic energy imbalance, which causes obesity and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and colorectal cancer. This functional maladaptation is thought to emerge at the level of the intestinal stem cells (ISCs). However, it is not clear how an obesogenic diet affects ISC identity and fate. Here we show that an obesogenic diet induces ISC and progenitor hyperproliferation, enhances ISC differentiation and cell turnover and changes the regional identities of ISCs and enterocytes in mice. Single-cell resolution of the enteroendocrine lineage reveals an increase in progenitors and peptidergic enteroendocrine cell types and a decrease in serotonergic enteroendocrine cell types. Mechanistically, we link increased fatty acid synthesis, Ppar signaling and the Insr–Igf1r–Akt pathway to mucosal changes. This study describes molecular mechanisms of diet-induced intestinal maladaptation that promote obesity and therefore underlie the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and associated complications.
Energy management for data centre microgrids considering co‐optimisation of workloads and waste heat
Authors: Tian Ming , Zhang Haifeng , Wu Hongyu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe high energy consumption of data centres (DCs) has recently become a significant problem with the rapid development of DCs worldwide. This work studies the daily energy management of a data centre microgrid (DCM). The energy management problem is formulated as a two‐stage stochastic mixed‐integer linear programing (MILP) model that accounts for workload schedules, cooling resources, uncertainties of onsite renewable generation, and electricity price. An energy management scheme that co‐optimises workloads and waste heat is proposed to minimise the operating cost. Furthermore, the potential for waste heat recovery and reuse is also considered. The simulation results illustrate that the proposed model can reduce the operating cost of DCM by the co‐optimisation of workloads and waste heat while meeting the temperature requirements for server clusters.
Die Korrekturosteotomie an der Basis des ersten Mittelhandknochens nach in Fehlstellung konsolidierter Fraktur
Authors: Vergote Daniel , Mentzel Martin , Moeller Richard Tobias , Bauknecht Simon 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel In dieser Studie werden Ergebnisse nach Korrekturosteotomie an der Basis des ersten Mittelhandknochens vorgestellt.
Patienten und Methoden Das Kollektiv umfasst 24 Patienten. Neunzehnmal bestand eine Fehlstellung nach Bennett-Fraktur, 3-mal nach Rolando-Fraktur und 2-mal nach Winterstein-Fraktur. Zum Zeitpunkt der Korrekturosteotomie lag das Trauma im Mittel 16 (4–66) Wochen zurück. Bei den Bennett- und Rolando-Frakturen bestanden Gelenkstufen im Mittel von 2,3 (0–4) mm und Spaltbildungen in der Basisgelenkfläche des ersten Mittelhandknochens zwischen 0,9 und 5,4 mm. Sechzehnmal bestand eine Subluxation. Bei den Rolando- und Winterstein-Frakturen lagen Achsabweichungen zwischen 31° und 57° vor. Zwei Rolando-Frakturen zeigten Stufen in der Gelenkfläche von einem, respektive 3 Millimetern. Zehnmal erfolgte eine Schraubenosteosynthese, 13-mal eine Kirschnerdrahtosteosynthese, einmal wurde kombiniert vorgegangen. Einmal wurde eine aufrichtende Osteotomie mit einer Plattenosteosynthese durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Durch die Korrekturosteotomie ließ sich bei den Patienten mit Bennett-Fraktur die radiale Abduktion von im Mittel von 37° auf 49° und die palmare Abduktion im Mittel von 37° auf 47° verbessern. Dreizehn Patienten wiesen postoperativ eine vollständig kongruente Gelenkfläche auf. Sechsmal verblieb eine Gelenkstufe zwischen 0,5 und 2,2 mm. Einmal konnte die Subluxation nicht ganz ausgeglichen werden. Zweimal wurde aufgrund der verbliebenen Gelenkstufe und einer posttraumatischen Arthrose die Indikation zur Trapezektomie gestellt. Die Beweglichkeit nach Rolando- und Winterstein-Fraktur verbesserte sich im Mittel von 31° auf 41° für die radiale und von 32° auf 43° für die palmare Abduktion. Die Gelenkstufen und Subluxationen sowie 4 der 5 Achsabweichungen konnten vollständig ausgeglichen werden. Einmal verblieb eine Achsabweichung von 35°. Alle Patienten nahmen ihre berufliche Tätigkeit wieder auf.
Schlussfolgerung Die Daten zeigen, dass sich posttraumatische Fehlstellungen an der Basis des ersten Mittelhandknochens durch Korrekturosteotomien in Abwesenheit von degenerativen Veränderungen mit sehr gutem Ergebnis korrigieren lassen, wobei alle Rückzugsmöglichkeiten erhalten bleiben.
Fragliches Kompartmentsyndrom an der Hand bei chronischen posttraumatischen Schmerzen – 2 Fallberichte
Authors: Piza-Katzer Hildegunde , Mandici Sandra , Mailänder Lisa , Aschermayer Werner 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungEs werden 2 jugendliche Patientinnen mit seltenen Verlaufsformen eines posttraumatischen, schmerzhaften Kompartmentsyndroms an der Hand vorgestellt. Beim ersten Fall handelt es sich um eine nicht diagnostizierte angeborene Muskelhyperplasie des Thenars und M. interosseus dorsalis I und ein chronisch intermittierendes, belastungsabhängiges Schmerzbild, das vor dem Trauma nicht aufgetreten war und in erster Linie an ein Kompartmentsyndrom denken lässt. Im zweiten Fall kam es zu
einer posttraumatischen Kompression des M. interosseus palmaris II durch Hämatombildung im Interdigitalraum III.
Bildgebung zur forensischen Altersdiagnostik bei Jugendlichen und
jungen Erwachsenen
Authors: Schmeling Andreas , Kreitner Karl-Friedrich , Heindel Walter , Vieth Volker 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungBei immer mehr ausländischen Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen ohne
gültige Ausweispapiere wird bei vermutlich falschen Altersangaben eine
forensische Altersdiagnostik angefordert. In diesem Beitrag werden
Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der bildgebenden Verfahren bei lebenden
Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen dargestellt.
Herausforderungen der COVID-19-Pandemie für Schulen in
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern – erste Ergebnisse einer prospektiven
Fallstudie
Authors: Lücker Petra , Ehmke Manja , Rabes Anne , Emmerich Anna-Sabina , Kästner Anika , Reisinger Emil C. , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Sombetzki Martina 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die aktuelle Infektionsgefahr mit SARS-CoV-2 in Schulen wird
weiterhin kontrovers diskutiert.
Methodik „schugi-MV“ erfasst in strukturierten Begehungen
von Schulen in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (M-V) Daten zum Infektionsgeschehen,
Hygienemanagement sowie weiteren Faktoren. Aus den Ergebnissen sollen
Empfehlungen für einen sicheren Unterricht abgeleitet werden. In diesem
Artikel werden Informationen zu den ersten 10, zwischen dem 18.12.2020 und
20.01.2021 besuchten Schulen vorgestellt.
Ergebnisse An den besuchten Schulen lag das Verhältnis der Anzahl
Indexfälle bei Erwachsenen und Kindern bei 1:1,25. Die Begehungen
zeigten eine große Heterogenität der Schulen und
Schulgebäude sowie der dadurch bedingten Möglichkeiten zur
Umsetzung von Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen.
Schlussfolgerung Basierend auf den vorliegenden, vorläufigen
Ergebnissen sind Hygiene- und Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen an den Schulen
in M-V nicht standardisierbar, sondern sollten Gestaltungsspielraum lassen.
Trimethylsilyl Esters as Novel Dual-Purpose Protecting Reagents
Authors: Chen Jyun-Siao , Huang Po-Hsun , Hsieh Ya-Chi , Luo Shun-Yuan , Liu Jen-Wei , Hsu Hsiao-Lin , Zhang Kai-Min , Wu Ren-Tsung , Chang Ting-Shuo , Liu Yu-Hao , Wu Hsin-Ru 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTrimethylsilyl esters, AcOTMS, BzOTMS, TCAOTMS, etc., are inexpensive and chemically stable reagents that pose a negligible environmental hazard. Such compounds prove to serve as efficient dual-purpose reagents to respectively achieve acylation and trimethylsilylation of alcohols under acidic or basic conditions. Herein, a detailed study on protection of various substrates and new methodological investigations is described.
Acetylene and Ethylene: Universal C2 Molecular Units in Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Ananikov Valentine P. , Ledovskaya Maria S. , Voronin Vladimir V. , Rodygin Konstantin S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAcetylene and ethylene are the smallest molecules that contain an unsaturated carbon–carbon bond and can be efficiently utilized in a large variety of cycloaddition reactions. In this review, we summarize the application of these C2 molecular units in cycloaddition chemistry and highlight their amazing synthetic opportunities.1	Introduction2	Fundamental Features and Differences of Cycloaddition Reactions Involving Acetylene and Ethylene3	(2+1) Cycloaddition4	[2+2] Cycloaddition5	(3+2) Cycloaddition6	[4+2] Cycloaddition7	(2+2+1) Cycloaddition8	[2+2+2] Cycloaddition9	The Use of Acetylene and Ethylene Cycloaddition for Deuterium and 13C Labeling10	Conclusions
Total Synthesis of DHA and DPAn-3 Non-Enzymatic Oxylipins
Authors: Oger Camille , Guy Alexandre , Merad Jérémy , Degrange Thomas , Reversat Guillaume , Bultel-Poncé Valérie , Durand Thierry , Galano Jean-Marie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOxylipins are formed in vivo from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A large structural variety of compounds is grouped under the term oxylipins, which differ from their formation mechanism (involving enzymes or not), as well as their chemical structures (cyclopentane, tetrahydrofuran, hydroxylated-PUFA, etc.). All structures of oxylipins are of great biological interest. Directly correlated to oxidative stress phenomenon, non-enzymatic oxylipins are used as systemic and/or specific biomarkers in various pathologies, and more especially, they were found to have their own biological properties. Produced in vivo as a non-separable mixture of isomers, their total synthesis is a keystone to answer biological questions. In this work, the total synthesis of three non-enzymatic oxylipins derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentanoic acid (DPAn-3) is described using a unique and convergent synthetic strategy.
Clinical and technical outcomes of patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy using 20-mm vs. 15-mm lumen-apposing metal stents
Authors: Bejjani Michael , Ghandour Bachir , Subtil Jose Carlos , Martínez-Moreno Belén , Sharaiha Reem Z. , Watson Rabindra R. , Kowalski Thomas E. , Benias Petros C. , Huggett Matthew T. , Weber Tobias , D’Souza Lionel S. , Anderloni Andrea , Lajin Michael , Khara Harshit S. , Pham Khanh Do-Cong , Pleskow Douglas , Fabbri Carlo , Nieto Jose M. , Kumta Nikhil A. , Pawa Rishi , Jovani Manol , Khashab Mouen A. ,   on behalf of the EUS-GE Study Group
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Most studies on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) for palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) utilized a 15-mm lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS). More recently, a 20-mm LAMS has become available. This study aimed to compare rates of technical and clinical success and adverse events (AEs) in patients undergoing EUS-GE using a 20-mm vs. 15-mm LAMS.
Methods Patients who underwent EUS-GE with 15-mm or 20-mm LAMS for malignant GOO during the period from January 2018 to October 2020 were included. The primary outcome was clinical success, defined as an increase in the gastric outlet obstruction score (GOOS) by at least 1 point during follow-up. Secondary outcomes were technical success, maximum tolerated diet, re-intervention rate, and rate/severity of AEs.
Results 267 patients (mean age 67 years, 43 % women) with malignant GOO from 19 centers underwent EUS-GE. Clinical success rates were similar for the 15-mm and 20-mm stents (89.2 % [95 %CI 84.2 %–94.2 %] vs. 84.1 % [77.4%–90.6 %], respectively). However, a significantly higher proportion of patients in the 20-mm group tolerated a soft solid/complete diet at the end of follow-up (91.2 % [84.4 %–95.7 %] vs. 81.2 % [73.9 %–87.2 %], P = 0.04). Overall, AEs occurred in 33 patients (12.4 % [8.4 %–16.3 %]), with similar rates for 15-mm and 20-mm stents (12.8 % [7.5 %–18.2 %] vs. 11.8 % [6 %–17.6 %]), including incidence of severe/fatal AEs (2 % [0.4 %–5.8 %] vs. 3.4 % [0.9 %–8.4 %]).
Conclusions The 20-mm and 15-mm LAMS show similar safety and efficacy for patients undergoing EUS-GE for malignant GOO. The 20-mm LAMS allows a more advanced diet and is, thus preferred for EUS-GE.