bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arc versus river—The geology of the Columbia River Gorge
Authors: O’Connor* Jim E. , Wells* Ray E. , Bennett* Scott E.K. , Cannon* Charles M. , Staisch* Lydia M. , Anderson* James L. , Pivarunas* Anthony F. , Gordon* Gabriel W. , Blakely* Richard J. , Stelten* Mark E. , Evarts† Russell C. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
The Columbia River Gorge is the Columbia River’s long-held yet evolving passage through the volcanic arc of the Cascade Range. The globally unique setting of a continental-scale river bisecting an active volcanic arc at the leading edge of a major plate boundary creates a remarkable setting where dynamic volcanic and tectonic processes interact with diverse and energetic fluvial processes. This three-day field trip explores several elements of the gorge and its remarkable geologic history—cast here as a contest between regional tectonic and volcanic processes building and displacing landscapes, and the relentless power of the Columbia River striving to maintain a smooth passage to the sea.

DEDICATION
Dedicated to Russell C. Evarts (7 April 1947–11 July 2017) and his contributions to Pacific Northwest geology. Russ Evarts devoted most of his 30-year career with the U.S. Geological Survey to geologic mapping of Oregon and Washington. His thorough geologic mapping of the near-vertical terrain of the western Columbia River Gorge underpins much of what is reported in this guide and continues to inspire our studies of the geology of the Pacific Northwest.
Tectonics and paleogeography of a post-accretionary forearc basin, Coos Bay area, SW Oregon, USA
Authors: Armentrout John M. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
This field guide reviews 19 sites providing insight to four Cenozoic deformational phases of the Cascadia forearc basin that onlaps Siletzia, an oceanic basaltic terrane accreted onto the North American plate at 51–49 Ma. The field stops visit disrupted slope facies, prodelta-slope channel complexes, shoreface successions, and highly fossiliferous estuarine sandstones. New detrital zircon U-Pb age calibration of the Cenozoic formations in the Coos Bay area and the Tyee basin at-large, affirm most previous biostratigraphic correlations and support that some of the upper-middle Eocene to Oligocene strata of the Coos Bay stratigraphic record represents what was differentially eroded off the Coast Range crest during ca. 30–25 Ma and younger deformations. This suggests that the strata along Cape Arago are a western “remnant” of the Paleogene Tyee basin. Zircon ages and biostratigraphic data encourages the extension of the Paleogene Coos Bay and Tyee forearc basin westward beyond the Fulmar fault and offshore Pan American and Fulmar wells. Integration of outcrop paleocurrents with anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility data from the middle Eocene Coaledo Formation affirms south-southeast to north-northwest sediment transport in current geographic orientation. Preliminary detrital remanent magnetism data show antipodal directions that are rotated clockwise with respect to the expected Eocene field direction. The data suggest the Eocene paleo-shoreline was relatively north-south similar to the modern shoreline, and that middle Eocene sediment transport was to the west in the area of present-day Coos Bay. A new hypothesis is reviewed that links the geographic isolation of the Coos Bay area from rivers draining the ancestral Cascades arc to the onset of uplift of the southern Oregon Coast Range during the late Oligocene to early Miocene.
Does cognitive behaviour therapy affect peripheral inflammation of depression? A protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cao Bing , Li Ruonan , Ding Ling , Xu Jiatong , Ma Haijing , Liu Jie , Xue Jian 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionCognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is becoming the most commonly implemented and standard treatment for depression. Up to date, only a few numbers of studies have investigated the potential relationship between CBT and the change of inflammatory biomarkers in individuals of depression. And the results are inconsistent among studies. The current study aims to provide a comprehensive, systematic review of the association between CBT and changes of peripheral inflammation of individuals with depression, and clarify the alterations of inflammatory cytokines pre-CBT and post-CBT treatment by meta-analysis, anti-inflammatory.Methods and analysisThis study will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A systematic search of predetermined terms will be conducted with electronic databases of CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO from inception to July 2021. Database searches will be supplemented by expert contact, reference and citation checking, and grey literature. Primary outcomes of interest will be validated measures for levels of inflammatory cytokines pre-CBT and post- CBT treatment in individuals with depression. Hedges’ g will be used to represent the effect size.Systematic review registrationThe protocol of current meta-analysis has been registered at the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/tr9yh).Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required by the National Ethical Review Board in China as primary data will not be collected. The results alterations of peripheral inflammatory cytokines pre-CBT and post-CBT treatment in individuals with depression will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and inform the most up-to-date evidence of the roles of CBT treatment for depression.
Family physicians supporting patients with palliative care needs within the patient medical home in the community: an appreciative inquiry study
Authors: Tan Amy , Spice Ronald , Sinnarajah Aynharan 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesCanadians want to live and die in their home communities. Unfortunately, Canada has the highest proportion of deaths in acute care facilities as compared with other developed nations. This study aims to identify the essential components required to best support patients and families with palliative care needs in their communities to inform system changes and empower family physicians (FPs) in providing community-based palliative care for patients.DesignAppreciative inquiry (AI) methodology with individual interviews. Interview transcripts were analysed iteratively for emerging themes and used to develop ‘possibility statements’ to frame discussion in subsequent focus groups. A conceptual framework emerged to describe the ‘destiny’ state as per AI methods.SettingFPs, palliative home care providers, patients and bereaved caregivers were recruited in the urban and surrounding rural health authority zones of Calgary, AB, Canada.Participants9 females and 9 males FPs (range of practice years 2–42) in interviews; 8 bereaved caregivers, 1 patient, 26 palliative home care team members in focus groups. Interviews and focus groups were recorded digitally and transcribed with consent.ResultsThe identified themes that transcended all three groups created the foundation for the conceptual framework. Enhanced communication and fostering team relationships between all care providers with the focus on the patient and caregivers was the cornerstone concept. The FP/patient relationship must be protected and encouraged by all care providers, while more system flexibility is needed to respond more effectively to patients. These concepts must exist in the context that patients and caregivers need more education regarding the benefits of palliative care, while increasing public discourse about mortality.ConclusionsKey areas were identified for how the patient’s team can work together effectively to improve the patient and caregiver palliative care journey in the community with the cornerstone element of building on the trusting FP–patient longitudinal relationship.
Blood pressure-lowering medicines implemented in 12 African countries: the cross-sectional multination EIGHT study
Authors: Cavagna Pauline , Takombe Jean Laurent , Damorou Jean Marie , Kouam Kouam Charles , Diop Ibrahima Bara , Ikama Stephane Méo , Kramoh Kouadio Euloge , Ali Toure Ibrahim , Balde Dadhi , Dzudie Anastase , Ferreira Beatriz , Houenassi Martin , Kane Adama , Kimbally-kaki Suzy Gisele , Kingue Samuel , Limbole Emmanuel , Mfeukeu Kuate Liliane , Mipinda Jean Bruno , N'Guetta Roland , Nhavoto Carol , Sidy Ali Abdallahi , Gaye Bamba , Tajeu Gabriel S , Macquart De Terline Diane , Perier Marie Cécile , Azizi Michel , Jouven Xavier , Antignac Marie 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveIn Africa, the number of patients with hypertension is expected to reach 216.8 million by 2030. Large-scale data on antihypertensive medications used in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are scarce.Here, we describe antihypertensive drug strategies and identify treatment factors associated with blood pressure (BP) control in 12 Sub-Saharan countries.SettingOutpatient consultations for hypertension in urban tertiary cardiology centres of 29 hospitals from 17 cities across 12 SSA countries between January 2014 and November 2015.ParticipantsPatients ≥18 years of age with hypertension were enrolled at any visit during outpatient consultations in the cardiology departmentsMain outcome measureWe collected BP levels, demographic characteristics and antihypertensive treatment use (including traditional medicine) of patients with hypertension attending outpatient visits. BP control was defined as seated office BP <140/90 mm Hg. We used logistic regression with a random effect on countries to assess factors of BP control.ResultsOverall, 2198 hypertensive patients were included and a total of 96.6% (n=2123) were on antihypertensive medications. Among treated patients, 653 (30.8%) patients received a monotherapy by calcium channel blocker (n=324, 49.6%), renin–angiotensin system blocker (RAS) (n=126, 19.3%) or diuretic (n=122, 18.7%). Two-drug strategies were prescribed in 927 (43.6%) patients including mainly diuretics and RAS (n=327, 42% of two-drug strategies). Prescriptions of three-drugs or more were used in 543 (25.6%) patients. Overall, among treated patients, 1630 (76.7%) had uncontrolled BP, of whom 462 (28.3%) had BP levels ≥180/110 mm Hg, mainly in those on monotherapy. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, the use of traditional medicine was the only factor significantly associated with uncontrolled BP (OR 1.72 (1.19 to 2.49) p<0.01).ConclusionOur study provided large-scale data on antihypertensive prescriptions in the African continent. Among patients declared adherent to drugs, poor BP control was significantly associated with the use of traditional medicine.
Global Health Security Preparedness and Response: An Analysis of the Relationship between Joint External Evaluation Scores and COVID-19 Response Performance
Authors: Nguyen Laura , Brown Sydney Morgan , Couture Alexia , Krishnan Sharanya , Shamout Mays , Hernandez Luis , Beaver Jennifer , Gomez Lopez Arianna , Whitson Cassidy , Dick Leah , Greiner Ashley Lauren 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance and complexity of a country’s ability to effectively respond. The Joint External Evaluation (JEE) assessment was launched in 2016 to assess a country’s ability to prevent, detect and respond to public health emergencies. We examined whether JEE indicators could be used to predict a country’s COVID-19 response performance to tailor a country’s support more effectively.DesignFrom April to August 2020, we conducted interviews with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention country offices that requested COVID-19 support and previously completed the JEE (version 1.0). We used an assessment tool, the ‘Emergency Response Capacity Tool’ (ERCT), to assess COVID-19 response performance. We analysed 28 ERCT indicators aligned with eight JEE indicators to assess concordance and discordance using strict agreement and weighted kappa statistics. Generalised estimating equation (GEE) models were used to generate predicted probabilities for ERCT scores using JEE scores as the independent model variable.ResultsTwenty-three countries met inclusion criteria. Of the 163 indicators analysed, 42.3% of JEE and ERCT scores were in agreement (p value=0.02). The JEE indicator with the highest agreement (62%) was ‘Emergency Operations Center (EOC) operating procedures and plans’, while the lowest (16%) was ‘capacity to activate emergency operations’. Findings were consistent with weighted kappa statistics. In the GEE model, EOC operating procedures and plans had the highest predicted probability (0.86), while indicators concerning response strategy and coordination had the lowest (≤0.5).ConclusionsOverall, there was low agreement between JEE scores and COVID-19 response performance, with JEE scores often trending higher. JEE indicators concerning coordination and operations were least predictive of COVID-19 response performance, underscoring the importance of not inferring country response readiness from JEE scores alone. More in-depth country-specific investigations are likely needed to accurately estimate response capacity and tailor countries’ global health security activities.
Resonant leptogenesis and TM$$_1$$ mixing in minimal type-I seesaw model with S$$_4$$ symmetry
Authors: Thapa Bikash , Francis Ng. K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe present an S$$_4$$

4

flavour symmetric model within a minimal seesaw framework resulting in mass matrices that leads to TM$$_1$$

1

mixing. Minimal seesaw is realized by adding two right-handed neutrinos to the Standard Model. The model predicts Normal Hierarchy (NH) for neutrino masses. Using the constrained six-dimensional parameter space of the model, we have evaluated the effective Majorana neutrino mass, which is the parameter of interest in neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. The possibility of explaining baryogenesis via resonant leptogenesis is also examined within the model. A non-zero, resonantly enhanced CP asymmetry generated from the decay of right-handed neutrinos at the TeV scale is studied, considering flavour effects. The evolution of lepton asymmetry is discussed by solving the set of Boltzmann equations numerically and obtain the value of baryon asymmetry to be $$|\eta _B| = 6.3 \times 10^{-10}$$

|

η
B

|
=
6.3
×

10

-
10

with the choice of right-handed neutrino mass, $$M_1 = 10$$

M
1

=
10

TeV and mass splitting, $$d \simeq 10^{-8}$$

d
≃

10

-
8

.
Effect of energy, temperature, and Cu-doped coatings on crystallinity of Hydroxyapatite thin films obtained by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Kashi Nooshin , Momeni Mahdi , Hamidinezhad Habib 
Published: December 2021

In this work, a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique with an Nd:YAG laser source was used to produce pure Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Cu-substituted HA (Cu-HA) coatings on stainless steel substrates in vacuum at room temperature. It is observed that the combined effects of percentages of Cu dopants and laser energy as well as annealing temperature significantly modify the crystallinity of the films. The morphology and structural properties of the deposited HA films were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. FESEM images displayed various shapes of nanoparticles with high-surface density throughout the area of the substrate and with typical sizes around 26–208 nm. XRD analysis confirmed that post-deposition annealing is essential to achieve the desired crystallinity and uniformity of coatings. The Raman spectrum of HA has peaks at 958.22, 437.48, and 587.05 cm[Formula: see text] attributed to the [Formula: see text] PO[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] PO[Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] PO[Formula: see text], respectively. The synthesized HA and Cu-HA crystalline films are nanostructures with dense and compact microstructures. Finally, irregular surface and crystalline structure of fabricated films lead to the extension of the surface and enhance the cell’s proliferation in medical uses and biomedical applications.
Palaeolithic assemblages associated with Youngest Toba Tuff deposits from the upper Gundlakamma River basin, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Anil Devara , Pottentavida Ajithprasad , Mahesh Vrushab 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Archaeological and geological remains associated with the Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) deposits in India are seen as significant proxies for reconstructing (1) initial modern human colonization of India and (2) possible climatic impacts of the Toba super-eruption of 74 ka on the Indian climate and hominin behaviour. In order to gain further insights into the environmental impacts and behavioural adaptations of human populations in India before and after the Toba eruption, we investigated archaeological horizons associated with the Toba ash beds along the Gundlakamma basin in Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Here, lithic artefacts were identified below and above the YTT deposits. The YTT deposits in the Gundlakamma River basin have a maximum thickness of 50 cm, comparatively thinner than those at the better investigated valleys of the adjacent Jurreru and Sagileru in Andhra Pradesh and the Son, Madhya Pradesh, India. Our surveys indicate that the Palaeolithic assemblages associated with YTT deposits from the Gundlakamma River basin can provide significant insights into the issues and debates surrounding the Toba archaeology.
Diastolic Dysfunction Is a Predictor of Poor Survival in Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis
Authors: Behera Manas Kumar , Swain Surendra Nath , Sahu Manoj Kumar , Behera Gaurav Kumar , Mishra Debakanta , Narayan Jimmy , Singh Ayaskant , Agarwal Shobhit , Mallick Pradeep Kumar 
Published: December 2021

Background. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) appears to be the earliest cardiac disturbance in cirrhosis patients. There are many previous reports reporting the significance of severity of LVDD on the outcome of liver transplantation or TIPS insertion, a few Indian studies have addressed the role of LVDD on survival in decompensated cirrhosis. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of LVDD on the survival of decompensated cirrhotic patients. Methods. We prospectively evaluated 92 decompensated cirrhotic patients from April 2015 to March 2017 at IMS and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India. 2D echocardiography with tissue Doppler imaging was used to evaluate cardiac function, as per the American society of echocardiography guidelines. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the effect of LVDD on overall mortality. Results. Ninety-two decompensated cirrhotic patients were evaluated in this prospective cohort study. Twenty-eight out of 92 patients (30%) died due to liver-related complications after a follow-up of 24 months. The decompensated cirrhotic patients with

MELD

score
≥
15

had a significantly higher

E
/

e

′

ratio (

11.94
±
4.24

vs.

8.74
±
3.32

,

p
<
0.001

) suggesting severe LV dysfunction in advanced cirrhosis. Patients with

E
/

e

′

ratio
>
10

had significantly higher MELD score and Child-Pugh score (

19.88
±
7.72

vs.

14.31
±
5.83

;

10.25
±
1.74

vs.

9.02
±
1.74

,

p
<
0.01

, respectively) as compared to the

E
/

e

′

ratio
<
10

group. In Cox proportional hazard multivariate analysis,

E
/

e

′

≥
10

(HR 2.72, 95% CI 1.07-6.9,

p
=
0.03

) and serum albumin (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.14-0.7,

p
<
0.01

) were found to be independent predictors of mortality in decompensated cirrhotic patients. Conclusion: The presence of LVDD and low serum albumin were independent predictors of mortality in decompensated cirrhotic patients. Hence, LVDD is an indicator of advanced cirrhosis and mortality.
Le chiffre et la pensée du risque: une mythologie au présent
Authors: Brie Guillaume 
Published: December 2021

Le texte fait l’hypothèse d’un mythe du chiffre dans nos sociétés contemporaines en recourant à la pensée de Roland Barthes sur un sujet où on ne l’attend guère : la critique de la pensée du risque, dans le contexte pénal. En effet, aujourd’hui, le chiffre, avec ses ornements scientifiques et rationnels, constituerait la vertu cardinale d’une politique bien conduite : les indicateurs divers auxquels il donne lieu conduiraient vers la bonne « gouvernance » sous les atours de ce que Barthes appellerait une parole innocente. Pire, déshistoricisé et manipulé sans mise en perspective réelle, celui-ci serait devenu un signe qui tourne à vide (un « fétiche » ?), exonérant ceux qui l’emploient d’assumer le réel dans sa complexité. Dans cet univers du chiffre, nous assisterions ainsi au déploiement d’une nouvelle narration que nous proposons de discuter. Et l’idée de ce texte est peut-être ici, dans les plis du réel et du politique, éclairés par la pensée de Barthes et ses Mythologies. Dans ces perspectives, deux questions principales se posent : d’une part, que se passe-t-il lorsque le chiffre passe pour plus vrai que la réalité ? D’autre part, ne serait-il pas déjà devenu notre seconde nature ?
Roland Barthes: intervenciones de un encuento
Authors: Simón Gabriela 
Published: December 2021

Este artículo recoge la vigencia y la actualidad del legado barthesiano; legado que se muestra a partir de diversas figuras que se dibujan a lo largo de sus textos. Las figuras propuestas para pensar la herencia de Barthes son: el enunciador tantálico, el átopos o extranjero, el semiólogo enamorado, el deseo de lo neutro y el “querer-vivir”. Así se configura un mapa posible, hecho de figuras que dialogan entre sí, dicho de otro modo, se constituye un trazado que permite múltiples entradas y posibilidades de recorrido. La singularidad del pensamiento de Roland Barthes, diseminado en estas figuras, permite entrever su potencia para “pensar el presente”, como quería Michel Foucault. Dicho de otro modo, se trata de una mirada que abre un horizonte que posibilita fabricar otros modos de pensar, de leer y de escribir.
Macrophage-Specific IGF-1 Overexpression Reduces CXCL12 Chemokine Levels and Suppresses Atherosclerotic Burden in Apoe-Deficient Mice
Authors: Snarski Patricia , Sukhanov Sergiy , Yoshida Tadashi , Higashi Yusuke , Danchuk Svitlana , Chandrasekar Bysani , Tian Di , Rivera-Lopez Vikara , Delafontaine Patrick 
Published: December 2021

Objective:

IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) exerts pleiotropic effects including promotion of cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and anabolism. We have shown that systemic IGF-1 administration reduced atherosclerosis in Apoe
−/
−
(apolipoprotein E deficient) mice, and this effect was associated with a reduction in lesional macrophages and a decreased number of foam cells in the plaque. Almost all cell types secrete IGF-1, but the effect of macrophage-derived IGF-1 on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is poorly understood. We hypothesized that macrophage-derived IGF-1 will reduce atherosclerosis.

Approach and Results:

We created macrophage-specific IGF-1 overexpressing mice on an Apoe
−
/
−
background. Macrophage-specific IGF-1 overexpression reduced plaque macrophages, foam cells, and atherosclerotic burden and promoted features of stable atherosclerotic plaque. Macrophage-specific IGF1 mice had a reduction in monocyte infiltration into plaque, decreased expression of CXCL12 (CXC chemokine ligand 12), and upregulation of ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter 1), a cholesterol efflux regulator, in atherosclerotic plaque and in peritoneal macrophages. IGF-1 prevented oxidized lipid-induced CXCL12 upregulation and foam cell formation in cultured THP-1 macrophages and increased lipid efflux. We also found an increase in cholesterol efflux in macrophage-specific IGF1–derived peritoneal macrophages.

Conclusions:
Macrophage IGF-1 overexpression reduced atherosclerotic burden and increased features of plaque stability, likely via a reduction in CXCL12-mediated monocyte recruitment and an increase in ABCA1-dependent macrophage lipid efflux.