bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das EUROSPINE Ausbildungskonzept
Authors: Blattert T. R. , Côté P. , Krieg S. M. , Meyer B. , Noël J.-L. , Nordin M. , Rothenfluh D. 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Aus- und Fortbildungskonzept von EUROSPINE, der Spine Society of Europe, basiert auf 3 Säulen: Das EUROSPINE Basic Diploma, das EUROSPINE Advanced Diploma und das EUROSPINE Diploma in Interprofessional Spine Care (EDISC). Während die ersten beiden einen operativen Schwerpunkt haben, ist EDISC konservativ und interprofessional ausgelegt.Sowohl das Basic als auch das Advanced Diploma werden seit 2019 als hybrides Lehrkonzept angeboten. Das bedeutet, dass nur interaktive Falldiskussionen vor Ort stattfinden, während die übrigen Ausbildungsinhalte virtuell gelehrt werden. Ab 2021 wird schließlich das gesamte Ausbildungsspektrum auch vollständig virtuell zur Verfügung stehen.Im Rahmen eines 2016 ins Leben gerufenen internationalen europäischen Äquivalenzprogramms existiert mit derzeit 6 europäischen nationalen Wirbelsäulenfachgesellschaften, darunter auch mit der DWG, eine gegenseitige Anerkennung der Curricula. Somit besteht Äquivalenz zwischen dem DWG-Basiszertifikat und dem EUROSPINE Basic Diploma sowie zwischen dem DWG-Masterzertifikat und dem EUROSPINE Advanced Diploma.Die Gewährleistung einer einheitlichen europäischen Ausbildungsstruktur soll schließlich eine Anerkennung der Spezialisierung auf europäischer und nationaler Ebene vorantreiben, wie es für Deutschland konkret die Einführung der Zusatzweiterbildung „Spezielle Wirbelsäulenchirurgie“ sein könnte.
Chirurgische Ausbildung im digitalen Zeitalter – Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality und Robotik im Medizinstudium
Authors: Kuhn Sebastian , Huettl Florentine , Deutsch Kim , Kirchgässner Elisa , Huber Tobias , Kneist Werner 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die digitale Transformation der Medizin verändert den Beruf des Arztes. Augmented und Virtual Reality (AR/VR) und die Robotik erfahren einen zunehmenden Einsatz in unterschiedlichen klinischen Kontexten und bedürfen einer begleitenden Aus- und Weiterbildung, die bereits im Medizinstudium beginnen muss. Hier besteht aktuell eine große Diskrepanz zwischen dem hohen Bedarf und der Anzahl an wissenschaftlich überprüften Konzepten. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Konzeptionierung und strukturierte Evaluation eines neu entwickelten Lern-/Lehrkonzepts zur digitalen Transformation mit Fokus auf die chirurgische Lehre.
Methoden 35 Studierende haben in 3 Kursen des Blended-Learning-Curriculums „Medizin im digitalen Zeitalter“ teilgenommen. Das 4. Modul dieses Kurses thematisiert Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality und Robotik in der Chirurgie. Es gliedert sich in die folgenden Kursteile: (1) immersive Simulation einer laparoskopischen Cholezystektomie, (2) leberchirurgische Operationsplanung mittels AR/VR, (3) Basisfertigkeiten am VR-Simulator für robotische Chirurgie, (4) kollaborative OP Planung im virtuellen Raum und (5) Expertengespräch. Nach Abschluss des Gesamtcurriculums erfolgte eine qualitative und quantitative Evaluation des Kurskonzepts mittels semistrukturierter Interviews sowie anhand von standardisierten Prä-post-Evaluationsfragebögen.
Ergebnisse Im qualitativen Auswertungsverfahren der Interviews wurden 79 Textaussagen 4 Schwerpunktkategorien zugewiesen. Den größten Anteil (35%) nahmen hierbei Äußerungen zum „Expertengespräch“ ein, das von den Studierenden als elementarer Teil des Kurskonzepts gewertet wurde. Darüber hinaus empfanden die Studierenden den Kurs als horizonterweiterndes „Lernerlebnis“ (29% der Aussagen) mit einem hohen „Praxisbezug“ (27%). Die quantitative Studierendenevaluation zeigt eine positive Entwicklung für die Teilkompetenzen Wissen und Fertigkeiten sowie eine Tendenz zu einer positiven Haltung nach Kursabschluss.
Schlussfolgerung Die chirurgische Lehre ist zur Entwicklung digitaler Kompetenzen prädestiniert. Dabei muss die Geschwindigkeit des Veränderungsprozesses der digitalen Transformation im chirurgischen Fachgebiet beachtet und im curricularen Konzept verankert werden.
EBV-positive MTX-assoziierte lymphoproliferative Erkrankung und IgM-Myelom bei rheumatoider Arthritis
Authors: Wernecke Marie , Frieling David , Brandl Ulrike , Feller Alfred , von Wichert Götz 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese Eine 80-jährige Patientin stellte sich mit einer ausgeprägten Lymphadenopathie und Gewichtsverlust vor. Vorbekannt war eine seit 6 Jahren bestehende rheumatoide Arthritis. Es bestand eine basistherapeutische Behandlung mit Methotrexat (MTX) 10 mg 1-mal/Woche.
Untersuchungen und Diagnose Anhand einer Lymphknotenbiopsie konnte eine klonale Vermehrung sowohl von EBV-positiven B- als auch T-Zellen nachgewiesen werden. Eine neu aufgetretene Anämie (Hb 10 g/dl), eine monoklonale Gammopathie vom Isotyp IgM sowie der Nachweis von 40 % EBV-positiven Plasmazellen im Knochenmark waren vereinbar mit der Diagnose eines IgM-Myeloms. Wir interpretierten dies als biklonale Epstein-Barr-Virus-induzierte MTX-assoziierte lymphoproliferative Erkrankung (MTX-LPD).
Therapie und Verlauf Unmittelbar nach Absetzen von Methotrexat konnte eine relevante klinische Besserung beobachtet werden. In der Verlaufskontrolle nach 4 Monaten war die Gammaglobulin-Konzentration im Serum deutlich reduziert (von 51,1 auf 34,7 %) und eine erneute Immunelektrophorese des Serums war ohne Nachweis einer monoklonalen Gammopathie.
Folgerung Anhand dieses Falls lässt sich die Assoziation einer RA mit lymphoproliferativen Erkrankungen bestätigen – hier als Assoziation einer RA mit einer biklonalen MTX-LPD bzw. einem Multiplen Myelom. Eine Therapie mit MTX sowie die Reaktivierung einer EBV-Infektion stellen dabei wichtige Einflussfaktoren dar.
Utility of Intraoperative Ultrasound in Neurosurgery
Authors: Faria Méndez Gustavo Enrique , Roa Chacón César José , Brito Núñez Nafxiel Jesus , Zerpa José Ramón 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the usefulness of intraoperative ultrasound guidance as a technique for the assessment, in real time, of tumor resection and as a navigation aid during intra-axial brain lesion removal on patients admitted in the Neurosurgical Department at the Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela, in 2018.
Methods A total of 10 patients were enrolled, each with intra-axial brain lesions with no previous neurosurgical procedures and a mean age of 49 years old, ranging from 29 to 59 years old.
Results A male predominance was observed with 7 cases (70%) over 3 female cases (30%). Six patients had lesions in the dominant hemisphere. The frontal lobe was the most commonly affected, with 5 cases, followed by the parietal lobe, with 4 cases. After craniotomy, ultrasound evaluation was performed previously to dural opening, during tumor resection and after tumor removal. The mean tumor size in axial, coronal and sagittal views was 3.72 cm, 3.08 cm and 3.00 cm, respectively, previously to dural opening with intraoperative ultrasound. The average tumor depth was 1.73 cm from the cerebral cortex. The location and removal duration from the beginning of the approach (ultrasound usage time) was 83.60 minutes, and the average surgery duration was 201 minutes. Navigation with intraoperative ultrasound served to resect intra-axial tumors more precisely and safely. There was no postoperative complication associated with the surgery in this series of cases.
Conclusions Intraoperative ultrasound guidance for intra-axial subcortical tumor resection is a technique that serves as a surgical and anatomical orientation tool.
Conversation Training Therapy: Let's Talk It Through
Authors: Gartner-Schmidt Jackie , Gillespie Amanda I. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article introduces a novel approach to voice therapy called conversation training therapy (CTT). CTT is the first voice therapy approach to remove the therapeutic hierarchy common in most treatment programs. Rather, CTT uses patient-driven conversation as the sole stimuli in therapy to increase perceptual awareness of voice production in conversational speech. The genesis as to why CTT was developed, as well as the conceptual, theoretical, and component parts of CTT, will be explained. In addition, this article will offer examples of the language of therapy, as it applies to CTT and how to trouble-shoot if problems arise. Medical documentation relevant to CTT will also be outlined. Last, results from a recent efficacy study on CTT will be reported.
Phonogenic Voice Problems among Speech-Language Pathologists in Synchronous Telepractice: An Overview and Recommendations
Authors: Knickerbocker Kristie , Bryan Cara , Ziegler Aaron 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMany speech-language pathologists (SLPs) recently adopted a live, synchronous online distribution of clinical services due to physical distancing measures aimed at bringing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak under control. Few SLPs had received training in telepractice to prepare them for changes from an in-person service delivery model to synchronous telepractice. The new telepractice environment may alter vocal behaviors and communication interactions in such a way that negatively impacts voice production. Thus, delivering synchronous online clinical services may require that SLPs adopt novel prevention strategies for avoiding phonogenic voice problems. Guided by two complementary injury frameworks, the Haddon Matrix and the Haddon Countermeasures, this article provides an overview of potential factors associated with phonogenic voice problems among SLPs in telepractice and proposes possible prevention strategies to maintain optimal vocal health and function with synchronous modes of online clinical practice.
Role of Photo-Biomodulation Therapy in Facial Rejuvenation and Facial Plastic Surgery
Authors: De Cordova Jose A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPhoto-biomodulation (PBM) also known as low-level laser therapy is a rising technology with multiple potential uses in medicine and recently in the cosmetic field for the treatment of skin conditions and skin rejuvenation. Due to its wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties, there is an increase in popularity in its use as adjunctive treatment before and after surgical procedures in the face and neck.
Telehealth: Could It Be an Avenue to Microvascular Breast Reconstruction for Patients with Geographical Barriers?
Authors: Colakoglu Salih , Johnson Ariel , Mureau Marc A.M. , Douglass Sara , Kaoutzanis Christodoulos , Chong Tae W. , Mathes David W. , Cohen Justin B. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background All women undergoing a mastectomy have the right to reconstruction. However, many women do not receive reconstruction and many more are not aware of all the reconstructive options available to them. Travel distance to a center that provides reconstruction and subsequent follow-up may be a contributing factor to this disparity especially among those who seek microsurgical options. Telehealth, which provides patients with remote video consultations and decreases the travel burden, may be a solution to optimize the accessibility of breast reconstruction for these patients. The purpose of this study was to discuss the efficacy and reliability of telehealth to overcome geographic barriers.
Methods Patients who received breast reconstruction and participated in video telehealth visits between February and May 2020 were included in this study. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes were collected. Video telehealth encounters were reviewed to determine specific concerns and questions discussed during these encounters.
Results A total of 235 breast reconstruction surgery patient encounters were recorded for 4 plastic surgeons who offer microsurgical breast reconstruction. Eighty-eight patients (37.4%) were seen as telehealth visits, 20 (22.7%) of which were new patient visits. Eight (9.09%) patients were microsurgical breast reconstruction candidates and 25 (28.4%) were following-up after microsurgical breast reconstruction. The majority of telehealth visits included normally healing wounds in the postoperative patient.
Conclusion Telehealth provides an avenue for premastectomy consultation, second opinion visits, and postoperative follow-up for patients who have geographical barriers precluding them from reaching plastic surgeons who perform all types of breast reconstruction.
Stable reliability diagrams for probabilistic classifiers
Authors: Dimitriadis Timo , Gneiting Tilmann , Jordan Alexander I. 
Published: February 2021

SignificanceProbabilistic classifiers assign predictive probabilities to binary events, such as rainfall tomorrow, a recession, or a personal health outcome. Such a system is reliable or calibrated if the predictive probabilities are matched by the observed frequencies. In practice, calibration is assessed graphically in reliability diagrams and quantified via the reliability component of mean scores. Extant approaches rely on binning and counting and have been hampered by ad hoc implementation decisions, a lack of reproducibility, and inefficiency. Here, we introduce the CORP approach, which uses the pool-adjacent-violators algorithm to generate optimally binned, reproducible, and provably statistically consistent reliability diagrams, along with a numerical measure of miscalibration based on a revisited score decomposition.
Peripheral sensory stimulation elicits global slow waves by recruiting somatosensory cortex bilaterally
Authors: Rosenthal Zachary P. , Raut Ryan V. , Bowen Ryan M. , Snyder Abraham Z. , Culver Joseph P. , Raichle Marcus E. , Lee Jin-Moo 
Published: February 2021

Significance
Slow waves are the predominant feature of brain activity during sleep and anesthesia. Slow waves are associated with plasticity, memory consolidation, and other brain functions. However, much remains unknown about the brain circuits that coordinate slow wave propagation. Here, we demonstrate that somatosensory stimulation evokes bilateral activation of primary somatosensory cortices (S1). Under anesthesia, S1 activation is followed by a global, front-to-back cortical slow wave. Using a focal lesion model, we show that evoked global slow waves depend on bilateral S1 activation, whereas spontaneous slow wave initiation does not depend on S1. These results demonstrate the existence of mechanisms by which focal injury may disrupt brain network dynamics.
Pæn, flot, dejlig, andlækker
Authors: Levisen Carsten 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the Danish language of aesthetics from the perspective of four untranslatable adjectives:pæn, flot, dejlig, andlækker. These words are frequent and salient in everyday discourses, and as such they shed light on Danish “folk” conceptions. From the perspective of Lexical Anthropology and NSM Semantics, each of the words are explored and explicated in order to shed light on the ways in which Danish discourse organize positive aesthetic experiences. Sensitive to polysemy, and the variety of lexicogrammatical frames in which the words occur, the paper provides a high-resolution analyses of the “something ADJ frame” which enables discourses of design, food, and art. Based on lexical semantic evidence, the paper locates two themes in Danish discourse: “aesthetic normality” and “ordinary hedonism” which seem to act as cognitive axes around which discourses revolve. The paper argues that words hold the key to understanding the diversity of aesthetic cultures, and that untranslatables in particular, allow for a deep emic understanding of how local configurations of seeing, feeling, touching, and thinking are constituted.
納西語音節弱化與合音
Authors: He Likun , Liu Yan 
Published: February 2021

抽象的前賢認為納西語某些高調音節（虛詞）完全丟失音段弱化為「浮游調」使左鄰音節（宿主）變調。重新考察此現象發現音節弱化在現代納西語中很普遍，弱化並不限於高調音節，弱化後宿主產出非常豐富的音變形式，一共十二種。雖然這與浮游調引起的變調極為相似，但音節弱化並不產生典型的浮游調。納西語音節弱化與合音音變的研究為描寫複雜變調提供了框架，同時為浮游調歷史來歷與演變路徑、詞彙化和語法化過程中音節的演變提供了線索。
現代台灣客語與「分佢」相關的致使結構之語法和語意特點
Authors: Yeh Jui-chuan 
Published: February 2021

抽象的
從現代台灣地區客語出發，佐以巴色會客語和跨漢語方言中關於雙及物結構的考察，本文討論客語中由「分佢」和結果式動補（V-R）結構互動所產生的致使結構，並聚焦於「分佢」出現在V和R之中和之後的例子。本文主要觀點如下：第一，「分佢」句式表達言者主觀性，凸顯說話者的意志，但此特點不是因為「我者」視角，而是來自於構式本身；第二，「分佢」句式的複句性質仍然存在，但在語法化的路徑上，整個構式逐漸演變成單子句結構，其中的關鍵在於「佢」的指稱限制降低，經歷了「單數指稱>兼具單數、複數指稱>複數指稱>泛稱>無指稱」等演變階段，這造成了主語的泛化，帶動句式的整體變化，而隨著使用頻率的提高，「分佢」甚至合音成bi2
，演變成單一的語法標記，單子句的性質益發明顯；第三，「分佢」致使結構不是構詞型，而是分析型；第四，「分佢」在這些結構中的句法位置和雙賓A和B式中接收者的位置有關，非因語意冗贅而產生的自由變換、非取決於R的語義指向、也非源自於雙及物結構中的介賓補語式和複合詞式中「分+賓語」的位置。
Variability determinants of new consumption formats in the agricultural sector of the economy
Authors: Alekseev N E , Patlasov O Yu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents differentiates between new consumption formats. It also analyzes information platforms and collaborative consumption services. It is proved that the emergence of new consumption formats is both a consequence of economic science evolution and a reaction to the failures of the traditional economic system. The authorial list of structural changes determinants in the economy is defined. Some forecasts for collaborative consumption economy development are given. Modern economic reality allows us to conclude that the transformation has begun and there is a fundamental revision of the economic science foundations and the modern economy model, the search for a new, alternative economic development model based on the study of needs formation, development and satisfaction. There is a clearer relationship between the change in technology and changes in the structure of economic entities needs and consumption patterns. It is concluded that the extent of the sharing economy depends on the socio-demographic structure of the population.
Research of a conical pneumatic grain separator with a device for forced light fraction removal
Authors: Chernyakov A V , Koval V S , Yatsunov A N , Begunov M A , Shevchenko A P , Evchenko A V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article studies a modernized conical air grain separator. It describes modern agricultural production and post-harvest grain processing in the north of Omsk region. The need for using new farm developments for cleaning grain is substantiated. The design of a modernized conical air grain separator is described. The modernization concerns the accelerated efficient removal of light impurities. Some modes of the system of forced removal of light fraction are effective when cleaning grain from light impurities using a conical air separator. The loss of high-grade grain may increase. To test the consistency of the hypothesis, two series of experiments were carried out. During the first series, the field of air flow velocities was investigated. It resembles a downward convex figure associated with the loss of air friction against the walls. During the second series, experiments on cleaning grain from impurities with the participation of a system for removing light impurities were conducted. A classic experiment with a conical air separator and a working system for removing light impurities was carried out and its results were processed. It was found that the height of the probe rise above the edge of the conical air separator, equal to 20 mm, gives the highest result when removing light impurities. The processes were interpreted and the results obtained were analyzed. A comparison of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the modernized separator with those of the classical one was carried out. It was found that the system of forced removal of light impurities is efficient: with fixed separation completeness, the performance of the separator increases 1.6 times.
The effect of particle motion on mixing intensity in a vibrating mixer
Authors: Yatsunov A N , Chernyakov A V , Koval V S , Shevchenko A P , Evchenko A V , Begunov M A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The intensity of mixing bulk materials, including feed, depends on technological parameters, kinematic and design parameters of the mixing plant, physical and mechanical properties of mixed components, etc. To study the process, a laboratory-experimental vibrating mixer was designed. The main working elements are vibration contact surfaces of various designs. It is possible to intensify the mixing process by influencing the nature of movement of particles along the mixing elements, including by giving them special shapes. In most cases, such a pattern can be traced: the more complex the particle trajectories, the higher the homogeneity of the finished feed mixture. The vibration contact surfaces can be divided into two groups, depending on their working surfaces. Mixing elements of the first group have holes or recesses. The holes can be as isosceles triangles, plates and concave are located at a certain angle under the holes. These surfaces are easy to manufacture, have low cost and material consumption and high productivity. It was revealed that at intensive operating modes, there is a decrease in the homogeneity of the mixture obtained. In this regard, when it is necessary to obtain highly homogeneous bulk feed mixtures, it is recommended to use mixing elements of the second group, which have protrusions on the working surfaces of various geometric shapes. The constructed theoretical trajectories of particle motion confirm the intensification of the mixing process. In addition, there are two ways of attaching the stirring elements, which give an additional effect. The laboratory-experimental mixer has been successfully tested in an agricultural organization preparing concentrates for feeding cattle.
Disk shredder workflow
Authors: Soyunov A S , Demchuk E V , Myalo V V , Sabiev U K , Kuzmin D E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Tillage is the most energy-intensive process and should be aimed at the accumulation of humus and the formation of a fertile soil layer. Therefore, the development of resource-saving technological processes and technical means to stop the progressive degradation of soil from wind, water erosion and reduce operating costs is relevant. The most gentle cultivation of the soil with less energy costs allows you to perform disk implements. The cultivator working process is examined from the point of view of the power characteristics of the disk-soil. Soil cultivation is systemic in nature and is based on zonal conditions, as it should be soil-protective, energy-saving, economically viable and environmentally friendly. Fulfilment of these requirements is connected with the right choice and optimal combination of used machines. Analytical expressions are obtained that establish the dependence of the horizontal and vertical components of the drag force of a disk tillage implement as a function of the volume of the cut soil layer. The use of the research results will help industrial enterprises of agricultural machinery in the design of new tillage machines for agriculture, which will reduce the cost of manufacturing prototypes and testing them for traction resistance and quality of soil cultivation.
Methodology for assessing the energy efficiency of separating methods for wax raw materials
Authors: Ivanov Y A , Borychev S N , Byshov D N , Kashirin D E , Uspenskiy I A , Yukhin I A , Chatkin M N , Filyushin O V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The methodology for assessing the energy efficiency of operating actions during the separation of organic contaminants of wax has been developed. Promising methods of separation of media with complex types of bonds are proposed. The dependences characterizing the energy efficiency of separating methods for the wax raw materials have been determined. Mathematical models are obtained in the form of quadratic polynomials characterizing the influence of design parameters on energy characteristics. The influence of the design parameters of the device and the technological properties of the exposed materials in the form of wax raw materials on the values of active and reactive power has been proved. It has been established that the most rational measure for increasing the energy characteristics of devices for separating wax raw materials is to optimize their design and technological parameters.