bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farmers’ markets contribution to the resilience of the food systems
Authors: Lucas Agathe , Moruzzo Roberta , Granai Giulia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo mitigate the impacts of future shocks and achieve its targets, the Food Summit 2021 advocates for a transition toward more resilient Food systems. Alternative food movements, such as Farmers’ Markets (FM), claim to contribute to this transition by offering a different approach to food consumption (Bilali in Food energy secur 8: e00154, 2019). FM are spaces where producers and consumers interact directly, trading locally grown and fresh products (Chiffoleau in Agric 6:1–18, 2016; Marsden in Sociologia Ruralis 40:424–438, 2000). The European Commission defines these short supply chains as “involving a limited number of economic operators, committed to cooperation, local economic development, and close geographical and social relations between producers, processors and consumers” (Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 on support for rural development by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 1698/2005, 2013). The present study examines the mechanisms by which FM contribute to the resilience of Food systems. Qualitative data were collected from a FM worldwide, a case study involving nine members of the World Farmers’ Market Coalition (WFMC). Results indicate FM resilience stems from their structure and unique position as niche markets. Also, their adaptive capacities and innovation are fostered by flexible governance structures and strong agency yet can be variable in degree depending on the context. As a source of innovation, FM can inspire policies and inform models for broader resilience in Food systems. Supportive policies and additional contextual research are crucial for creating an enabling environment for FM to thrive within the Food systems, and for scaling up successful emerging innovations to the whole Food systems.
The multifaceted roles of cathepsins in immune and inflammatory responses: implications for cancer therapy, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases
Authors: Zhao Kexin , Sun Yangqing , Zhong Shangwei , Luo Jun-Li 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe cathepsin family comprises lysosomal proteases that play essential roles in various physiological processes, including protein degradation, antigen presentation, apoptosis, and tissue remodeling. Dysregulation of cathepsin activity has been linked to a variety of pathological conditions, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding the functions of cathepsins is crucial for gaining insights into their roles in both health and disease, as well as for developing targeted therapeutic approaches. Emerging research underscores the significant involvement of cathepsins in immune cells, particularly T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, as well as their contribution to immune-related diseases. In this review, we systematically examine the impact of cathepsins on the immune system and their mechanistic roles in cancer, infectious diseases, autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders, with the goal of identifying novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions.
Ecology of endolithic bryozoans: colony development, growth rates and interactions of species in the genus Immergentia
Authors: Johnson Mildred J. , Lemer Sarah , Hirose Masato , Decker Sebastian H. , Schwaha Thomas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBoring bryozoans dissolve calcium carbonate substrates, leaving unique borehole traces. Depending on the shell type, borehole apertures and colony morphology can be diagnostic for distinguishing taxa, but to discriminate among species their combination with zooidal morphology is essential. All boring (endolithic) bryozoans are ctenostomes that, along with other boring taxa, are common in benthic communities. The growth rates of such bryozoans, including Immergentiidae, are largely unknown. For the first time laboratory experiments were conducted to determine growth rates and early colony development of the intertidal species Immergentia stephanieae and the subtidal species I. cf. suecica from Roscoff, France. In growth experiment 1, ancestrular growth rates varied, with the highest rates in I. stephanieae at 96.5 µm day−1 and the lowest at 1.1 µm day−1, during the period of August to October, in which the number of reproductive zooids was comparably higher than in other months of the year. Immergentia cf. suecica had a higher proportion of reproductive zooids from December to March compared to other months. In growth experiment 2, the bryozoans were fed a culture mixture of Chaetoceros calcitrans and Tisochrysis lutea which was compared with a control. The growth rate of small colonies of comparable size was greater in the food-enriched samples compared to the control (non-enriched). In larger colonies, the trend differed with greater growth (cystid appendage expansion) rate reported for some samples in the control. In food-enriched samples ancestrulae of I. stephanieae grew at 23 µm day−1 and I. cf. suecica 9.3 µm day−1 while no growth was observed in the control of I. cf. suecica, but 0.4 µm day−1 was reported for I. stephanieae. Growth patterns in the early developmental stages showed that the budding patterns from the ancestrulae were the same for both species, with different enantiomorphic tendencies. Inter- and intraspecific interactions are also discussed. The distribution of immergentiids is presented, as are records from new locations and the greatest subtidal depth of collection reported to date.
Prevalence and patterns of substance use in West Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Emmanuel Godwin Omokhagbo , Akinsolu Folahanmi Tomiwa , Abodunrin Olunike Rebecca , Ezechi Oliver Chukwujekwu 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Substance use is a growing public health concern in West Africa, contributing to significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic challenges. Despite the increasing prevalence, comprehensive data on the patterns and factors influencing substance use in the region remain limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to synthesize existing research on the prevalence and patterns of substance use in West Africa, providing critical insights for developing targeted interventions and policies.

Methodology
This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses [PRISMA] guidelines. A systematic search was performed across four major databases [PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus] from January 2000 to June 2024. A total of 22 studies involving 43,145 participants met the inclusion criteria. Multiple reviewers performed data extraction and quality assessment independently, and a random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of various substances. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using a leave-one-out approach to evaluate the influence of individual studies on the overall prevalence.

Results
The meta-analysis revealed the pooled prevalence rates of alcohol [44%], cannabis [6%], tramadol [30%], codeine [11%], and kolanut [39%]. The analysis identified high heterogeneity across studies [I2 = 98–99%], reflecting diverse substance use patterns and influencing factors, including peer influence, availability of substances, socioeconomic conditions, and demographic characteristics. Sensitivity analysis indicated that no single study significantly impacted the overall prevalence estimates, confirming the robustness of the findings.

Conclusion
Substance use in West Africa is widespread and influenced by complex factors. The high prevalence of alcohol and tramadol use highlights the urgent need for targeted public health interventions, including stricter regulatory frameworks, community-based prevention programs, and comprehensive public education campaigns. This study provides a critical foundation for developing effective strategies to mitigate the escalating substance use crisis in the region.
Efficacy of vaccines based on chimeric or multiepitope antigens for protection against visceral leishmaniasis: A systematic review
Authors: Lopes Karine Ferreira , Freire Mariana Lourenço , Murta Silvane Maria Fonseca , Oliveira Edward 
Published: December 2024

Background
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an infectious parasitic disease caused by the species Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East, Central Asia, South America, and Central America, and Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani in Asia and Africa. VL represents the most severe and systemic form of the disease and is fatal if left untreated. Vaccines based on chimeric or multiepitope antigens hold significant potential to induce a highly effective and long-lasting immune response against infections by these parasites. This review systematically compiles data on the efficacy and protective capabilities of chimeric and multiepitope antigens, while also identifying potential immunogenic targets for vaccine development.

Methodology
A systematic search was conducted by independent reviewers across four databases to assess the efficacy of vaccines based on chimeric or multiepitope antigens against VL. The review included original studies that reported parasite load or positivity rates in animals immunized with these vaccines and subsequently challenged or exposed to L. infantum infection in preclinical and clinical studies. Key information was extracted, tabulated, and analyzed, with the risk of bias being assessed using the SYRCLE Risk Tool.

Principal findings
A total of 22 studies were selected, with only one being a randomized clinical trial. Most of the studies were conducted with mice, followed by dogs and hamsters. The reduction in parasite load varied from 14% to 99.6% and from 1.7 to 9.0 log orders. Limiting dilution was the most used method for assessing parasite load, followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Most domains had an uncertain risk of bias due to insufficient information described.

Conclusions
Vaccine formulations containing various chimeric or multiepitope antigens have been developed and evaluated in different preclinical trials, with only one advancing to clinical trials and commercialization. However, the findings of this review highlight the promising potential of chimeric and multiepitope antigens as vaccine candidates against VL. The evidence presented could play a crucial role in guiding the rational development of new studies focused on using these antigens for vaccination against VL.
Performance of indirect adherence measures for daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV among adolescent men who have sex with men and transgender women in Brazil
Authors: Zeballos Diana , Magno Laio , Soares Fabiane , Pinto Junior Jony Arrais , Amorim Leila , Greco Dirceu , Grangeiro Alexandre , Dourado Inês ,   on behalf of The PrEP15-19 study group
Published: December 2024

Background
Consistent monitoring of PrEP adherence with accurate measurement tools at point-of-care could greatly contribute to reaching adolescents with poor adherence. We aimed to assess the performance of indirect adherence measures to oral PrEP among adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) and adolescent transgender women (ATGW).

Methods
PrEP15-19 is a prospective, multicenter, PrEP demonstration cohort study that includes AMSM and ATGW aged 15–19 in three Brazilian cities. A diagnostic accuracy study was conducted using tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) concentrations in dried blood spots as the reference standard, along with three index tests: medication possession ratio (MPR), pill count, and self-report. We calculated the area under the curve (AUC) for protective TFV-DP levels (≥800 fmol/punch) and sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) for established cutoff points.

Results
We included 302 samples from 188 participants. Most of participants were AMSM (78.7%), aged 18–19 years (80.3%), and non-whites (72.9%). The AUC was 0.59 for MPR, 0.69 for pill count, and 0.75 for self-report. When combining MPR and self-report, the AUC increased to 0.77. Sensitivity was high for the cutoff points identified by the Youden index, 80% for MPR, 92% for self-report, and 97% for pill count. However, specificities were low 40%, 46%, and 38%, respectively.

Conclusions
Indirect measures were able to discriminate adolescents with good adherence. However, their performance in identifying those with low adherence might be limited, suggesting that it is necessary to initiate adherence interventions when there is no evidence of perfect adherence. Combining measures can provide wider information on adherence.
Quality assessment and umbrella review of systematic reviews about dance for people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Pinto Camila , Simon Myra Rafaela , Severo do Pinho Alexandre , Pereira Francisca , Orgs Guido , Pagnussat Aline Souza 
Published: December 2024

Objective(s)
To determine (1) the quality of systematic reviews about dance-based intervention in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and (2) standard evidence for dance-based intervention efficacy based on the categories of The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) from the World Health Organization’s (WHO).

Methods
The data source included MEDLINE, PUBMED, Embase, Scopus, CENTRAL (Cochrane Library), CINAHL, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, APA PsycNet (APA PsycINFO), LILACS, SciELO, and AMED. Pairs of independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts of eligible studies by using the software Covidence. Criteria included: systematic review designs; individuals with PD; dance-based interventions aimed to change critical PD symptoms matched to IFC domains (body functions, activities, and participation). Independent reviewers extracted information regarding the characteristics of all systematic reviews included and appraised quality using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2). Randomized controlled trials and their risk of bias were identified within each review and were used to perform an updated pairwise meta-analysis.

Results
Of the 571 manuscripts screened, 55 reviews met the inclusion criteria. The overall confidence in the results of 38 reviews (69%) was rated as ’critically low,’ nine (9%) as ’low,’ one (2%) as ’moderate,’ while seven of 55 reviews (13%) were rated as ’high’. Dance associated with pharmacological usual care is better than pharmacological usual care alone for essential components of ICF, such as motor symptoms severity (body function), depressive symptoms (body function), balance (body function and activity), and functional mobility (activity), but not for gait distance (activity) and quality of life (participation). Dance is also superior to multimodal exercise to improve balance.

Conclusions
Clinicians and people with PD can refer to this paper for a summary of high-quality reviews and the overall evidence supporting dance as an adjunct rehabilitation. This umbrella review not only underscores the therapeutic potential of dance but also reinforces the use of arts-based approaches into healthcare practices for people with neurological conditions.
The effect of social support on academic performance among adolescents: The chain mediating roles of self-efficacy and learning engagement
Authors: Zhang Xiangping , Qian Wensheng 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
While the impact of social support on academic performance is acknowledged, the specific mechanisms by which social support affects academic performance, particularly through self-efficacy and learning engagement, remain poorly understood. This study aims to examine the correlation between social support and academic achievement among Chinese middle school students, framed within the Social Cognitive Theory. It also seeks to explore the mediating roles of self-efficacy and learning engagement in this relationship.

Method
Data was collected from 265 individuals (mean age = 13.47 years, SD = 0.5) in four middle schools in Shandong Province, China in June 2023, using the simple random sample technique. Participants completed the questionnaires independently, and the data was analyzed using the structural equation model (SEM) in AMOS 24.0 and SPSS 24.0.

Results
Social support and academic performance have a direct and significant relationship with the SCT among middle school students. In addition, social support indirectly and positively affects academic performance through self-efficacy and learning engagement. The results also highlight self-efficacy as a key factor linking social support with academic performance.

Practical implications
This study offers valuable insights into the role of social support in Chinese middle school students’ academic achievement, particularly by examining the impact of self-efficacy and learning engagement. These valuable findings may guide policymakers in creating a supportive educational environment both inside and outside the classroom, enhancing adolescents’ self-confidence and engagement in learning.

Originality
This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of social support by investigating the mechanisms through which it impacts academic achievement. It clarifies the complex interactions among social support, self-efficacy, learning engagement, and academic achievement, with particular emphasis on the mediating roles of self-efficacy and learning engagement within the Chinese context.
Examining nursing students’ awareness of various medical errors during clinical internships to enhance patient safety: A multi-center cross-sectional study
Authors: Mousa Ola , Salameh Basma , Ghaly Asmaa Saber , Hasan Md Gulzarull , Almefarfesh Aishah Abdulrahman , Kumari Sheeba , Huwaikem Mashael 
Published: December 2024

Background
Patient safety is a global concern within health facilities, primarily attributed to medical errors, constituting a significant global public health issue. Patients experiencing medication errors face serious problems, with increasing mortality rates and escalating hospital costs.

Aim
The study aims to examine nursing students’ awareness of various medical errors during their clinical internships at Al- Ahsa, identifying types of errors to enhance patient safety.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 nursing students during their internship at King Faisal University, Al Ahasa, Saudi Arabia.A total of 131 participants completed a self-administered questionnaire based on a medical error scale consisting of 43 items across six subscales. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The outcomes of interest included falls, blood and blood Products transfusion, medication practices, care practices, communication, and controlled practices.

Results
Overall, nursing students scored 188 out of 215. Among the sub-dimension scores, medication practices received the highest mean score, while Patient falls emerged with the lowest score. In our study, students ranked falling as the least significant factor.

Conclusion
Study findings indicate that nursing students exhibit a low tendency to commit medical errors, which is encouraging for the future implementation of patient safety protocols. This trend suggests that nursing students are developing strong competencies in safe nursing practices, which contributes to reducing the incidence of medical errors and improving overall patient safety in clinical settings.
Experience of personnel involved in dead body management at an apex institute in the aftermath of Odisha triple train collision
Authors: Joy Praisy , Giri Prajna Paramita , Patnaik Madhumita , Tripathy Prabhas Ranjan , Gaikwad Manisha Rajanand , Mishra Pravash Ranjan , Sahoo Sanjukta , Rout Sipra , Gopi Kumbha , Parida Dilip Kumar , Biswas Ashutosh 
Published: December 2024

Background
Railway disasters cause huge loss of life and resources. A triple train collision occurred at 7 PM on 2nd June 2023 at Bahanaga, Balasore, Odisha. It was the third deadliest train accident in India with 288 deaths and more than 900 injured. This study aimed to bring out the experience and capture the emotions of the personnel involved in body management of this major accident.

Materials and methods
This qualitative questionnaire-based study was done between 13/07/2023 and 29/01/2024, involving 47 personnel (including faculty, residents, staff, and students) who managed the deceased bodies. Six open-ended questions dealing with the experiences of the body management team were analyzed using thematic analysis framework method. Quirkos software was used to generate themes and subthemes. Another six questions about self-reported satisfaction levels of the personnel were graded on a Likert scale of 1 to 5.

Results
Qualitative analysis identified six themes and twelve subthemes. It highlighted critical aspects such as lack of training in managing mass tragedies, inadequate flow of essential supplies, emergency preparedness, and defined standard operating procedures (SOP). Excellent teamwork (91.4% of participants expressed high satisfaction with the teamwork) and on-the-spot decision-making were heralded as strengths. The Likert scale showed that 87.2% of participants rated the overall dead body management at 4 or 5. Furthermore, 93.6% (44/47) of participants gave a score 4 or 5 for Tagging and Embalming.

Conclusions
Teamwork and proper embalming were identified as the top-rated contributors towards effective body management. Recommendations suggested were mock drills and refresher courses in body management for all stakeholders and psychological support to handle the emotional toll of managing mass tragedy. The identification and embalming of dead bodies are an essential humanitarian service and it helped bereaved families to say a final farewell to their loved ones.
Association of N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) with arthritis among adult participants
Authors: Lv Taihong , Yu Hanming , Ji Zishuo , Chen Yuru , Zhao Qi , Ma Li 
Published: December 2024

Background
N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), an active ingredient prevalent in insect repellents, has its effects on human health under ongoing debate and scrutiny.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to DEET and arthritis outcomes within the broader adult demographic, leveraging data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods
3-diethyl-carbamoyl benzoic acid (DCBA) was used as a specific indicator of DEET exposure. Drawing on NHANES 2007–2016 data, our study incorporated 7065 adults to examine urinary DCBA impacts on arthritis risks using logistic regression and cubic spline analysis.

Results
Our study included a total of 7065 patients, of which 1860 (26.33%) had arthritis. After adjusting for all covariates, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high DCBA levels (>7.37 ug/L) were associated with an increased likelihood of arthritis (OR: 1.236, 95% CI: 1.037–1.474, p = 0.018). Nevertheless, participants in the highest quartile of DCBA levels (Q4) were associated with a 33.9% decreased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (OR: 0.661; 95% CI: 0.501–0.872; p = 0.003).

Conclusion
It was observed that increased levels of DCBA are positively associated with the prevalence of arthritis in the adult population. Conversely, high concentrations of DCBA showed a reverse correlation with the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis.