bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifikation leistungsbestimmender Faktoren
Authors: Marek Svenja , Schuh Günther , Stich Volker 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Eine wesentliche Bedingung zur Optimierung der Wertschöpfungsprozesse ist die Transparenz über die leistungsbestimmenden Faktoren eines Unternehmens. Die Ermittlung dieser Faktoren stellt für viele Industriebetriebe eine Herausforderung dar. Im Rahmen dieser Veröffentlichung wird daher eine Vorgehensweise zur systematischen Identifikation von Einflussfaktoren der Unternehmenskennzahlen vorgestellt, welche die Grundlage zur Ableitung von individuellen Stellhebeln zur Steigerung der Unternehmensleistungsfähigkeit darstellt.*
Topologieoptimierung beim Laser-Strahlschmelzen
Authors: Götz Dominik , Bachmann Andreas , Wimmer Andreas , Zäh Michael F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDas Laser-Strahlschmelzen (PBF-LB/M) bietet bei der Verarbeitung von Metallen Vorteile gegenüber konventionellen Herstellungsverfahren, wie z. B. eine hohe geometrische Gestaltungsfreiheit. Allerdings sind bereits bei der Bauteilgestaltung einige Fertigungsrestriktionen zu beachten, welche bei der Topologieoptimierung im Gegensatz zur Bauteilmasse oft unberücksichtigt bleiben. Im ProjektOptProLaS*werden temperaturabhängige Fertigungsrestriktionen ermittelt und durch die Kopplung einer Topologieoptimierung mit einer Prozesssimulation bei der Bauteilauslegung berücksichtigt.**
Public-Private Cooperation in the Eurasian Economic Union: Lessons for Belarus
Authors: Krivorotko Yuri , Vysotskaya Alla 
Published: March 2021

Key success factors of public-private cooperation management in the Eurasian Economic Union countries are revealed in the paper. Key success factors of public- private cooperation (PPC) have been structured as follows: legislative base and the regulatory environment, partner relationship, risk management. The paper concludes that full presence of key success factors of PPC may significantly improve its functioning and efficiency. The study provides a methodological base that underpins PPC management by emphasizing partner interaction and relevant procedures and structures. Recommendations for PPC development in Belarus on the basis of public- private management experiences in some post-Soviet countries are presented.
The research methodology is based on the approaches of Rockart, Boynton, Zmud, Hardcastle, Edwards to key success factors of PPC, as well as on those proposed by Mouraviev, Kakabadse, Bazhenov from the Eurasian Economic Union, in empirical studies - opinion of experts, PPC project managers survey. Statistical data from official sources, the State Statistics Committee, Ministry of Economics, public private partnership centers in Kazakhstan, Russia and Belarus, databases, etc. were also used.
Inpatient Use and Outcomes at Children’s Hospitals During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Markham Jessica L. , Richardson Troy , DePorre Adrienne , Teufel Ronald J. , Hersh Adam L. , Fleegler Eric W. , Antiel Ryan M. , Williams Daniel C. , Goldin Adam B. , Shah Samir S. 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to changes in health care use, including decreased emergency department visits for children. In this study, we sought to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on inpatient use within children’s hospitals.METHODS:We performed a retrospective study using the Pediatric Health Information System. We compared inpatient use and clinical outcomes for children 0 to 18 years of age during the COVID-19 period (March 15 to August 29, 2020) to the same time frame in the previous 3 years (pre-COVID-19 period). Adjusted generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the association of the pandemic period with inpatient use. We assessed trends overall and for a subgroup of 15 medical All Patient Refined Diagnosis Related Groups (APR-DRGs).RESULTS:We identified 424 856 hospitalizations (mean: 141 619 hospitalizations per year) in the pre-COVID-19 period and 91 532 in the COVID-19 period. Compared with the median number of hospitalizations in the pre-COVID-19 period, we observed declines in hospitalizations overall (35.1%), and by APR-DRG (range: 8.5%–81.3%) with asthma (81.3%), bronchiolitis (80.1%), and pneumonia (71.4%) experiencing the greatest declines. Overall readmission rates were lower during the COVID-19 period; however, other outcomes, including length of stay, cost, ICU use, and mortality remained similar to the pre-COVID-19 period with some variability by APR-DRGs.CONCLUSIONS:US children’s hospitals observed substantial reductions in inpatient admissions with largely unchanged hospital-level outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the impact on use varied by condition, the most notable declines were related to inpatient admissions for respiratory conditions, including asthma, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia.
Application of chitosan as a natural disinfectant against porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus
Authors: Kim Sung Jae , Nguyen Van Giap , Kim Cheong Ung , Park Bong Kyun , Huynh Thi-My Le , Shin Sook , Jung Woo Kyung , Park Yong Ho , Chung Hee Chun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPorcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) is one of the major pathogens causing acute enteritis, which is characterised by vomiting and watery diarrhoea and commonly leads to high rates of mortality and morbidity in suckling piglets. Chitosan has been regarded as a promising natural disinfectant. In this study, the disinfectant effect and mammalian-cell toxicity of chitosan were evaluated against PEDV using Vero cells. A 0.01% solution of chitosan was determined to be an effective disinfectant. In addition, no evidence of toxicity was observed during the cell toxicity test; on the contrary, chitosan promoted cell proliferation. In conclusion, chitosan is a promising candidate for an effective and safe disinfectant against PEDV as well as other coronaviruses.
Molecular characterisation of rabies virus detected in livestock animals in the southern part of Egypt during 2018 and 2019
Authors: Sultan Serageldeen , Ahmed Soheir Abdou Hussein , Abdelazeem Mohamed Wael , Hassan Sabry 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBrain samples were collected from 33 animals of different species, including buffalo, cattle, dog, donkey, fox and wolf, that had been suspected to be infected by rabies virus (RABV) in different geographical regions of Aswan and Luxor governorates in Egypt. The samples were submitted for histopathological examination and the presence of the nucleic acid and antigens of RABV was tested by RT-PCR and indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT), respectively. Sixteen samples were found positive by all the three examinations. Three samples were selected for further study from animals in which the highest virus loads were detected. The partial sequence of the RABV N gene was determined and analysed from the samples of a buffalo, a cow and a donkey. The viruses in the samples were found to share 95–98% and 95–97% nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities, respectively. In comparison to reference sequences, a few amino acid substitutions occurred in the N protein antigenic sites I and IV in the immunodominant epitopes of the viruses detected in the cow and the donkey but not in the one from the buffalo. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the RABVs sequenced from the samples belonged to genotype 1, Africa-4 clade, and formed two distinct sub-clades within the Egyptian clade. These findings indicate the circulation of RABV among livestock animals in the southern part of Egypt and raise public health concerns. The amino acid changes detected in this work may contribute to the antigenic diversification of RABVs.
Highly crystalline PCL ultrathin films as thermally switchable biomaterial coatings
Authors: Saretia Shivam , Machatschek Rainhard , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Semi-crystalline oligomers are explored as functionalized thermoswitchable coatings for modification of biomaterials surface. Highly crystalline oligo(ε-caprolactone) (OCL) films are prepared at the air–water interface by the Langmuir technique, which consist of tightly packed single crystals. Their morphology and melting temperature can be tuned by the chemical structure of the OCL end-groups (hydroxy or methacrylate) and by the crystallization temperature (12 or 21 °C) as physical parameter. This demand of high crystallite density and adjustable morphology of coatings is not met by conventional methodologies for preparing thin films, e.g., spin coating, spray coating, or solvent evaporation. The high crystallinity reduces the enzymatic degradation rate of the films on both water and solid surfaces. The high density of methacrylate end-groups at the crystal surfaces enables post-functionalization, which was demonstrated using fluorescein dimethacrylate as chemically linked label. The thermoswitching behavior (melting and recrystallization) of fluorescein functionalized, highly crystalline OCL films shows temperature-dependent distribution of the chemically linked fluorescein moieties, which are accumulated on the surfaces of crystals, and homogeneously dispersed when the crystals are molten. Thermally switchable highly crystalline films are relevant for cell substrates modulating adhesion at the biointerface or for coatings as barrier layer influencing the degradation rate.

Graphic abstract
Calibrating the 2016 IRIS Wavefields Experiment Nodal Sensors for Amplitude Statics and Orientation Errors
Authors: Bolarinwa Oluwaseyi J. , Langston Charles A. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTWe used teleseismic P and S waves recorded in the course of the 2016 Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) community-planned experiment in northern Oklahoma, to estimate amplitude correction factors (ACFs) and orientation correction factors (OCFs) for the gradiometer’s three-component Fairfield nodal sensors and two other gradiometer-styled subarray nodal sensors. These subarrays were embedded in the 13 km aperture nodal array that was also fielded during the 2016 IRIS experiment. The array calibration method we used in this study is based on the premise that a common wavefield should be recorded over a small-aperture array using teleseismic observation. In situ estimates of ACF for the gradiometer vary by 2.3% (standard deviation) for the vertical components and, typically, variability is less than 4.3% for the horizontal components; associated OCFs generally dispersed by 3°. For the two subarrays, the vertical-component ACF usually vary up to 2.4%; their horizontal-component ACFs largely spread up to 3.6%. OCFs for the subarrays generally disperse by 6.5°. ACF and OCF estimates for the gradiometer are seen to be stable across frequency bands having high signal coherence and/or signal-to-noise ratio. Gradiometry analyses of calibrated and uncalibrated gradiometer records from a local event revealed notable improvements in accuracy of attributes obtained from analyzing the calibrated horizontal-component waveforms in the light of catalog epicenter-derived azimuth. The improved waveform relative amplitudes after calibration, coupled with the enhanced wave attribute accuracy, suggests that instrument calibration for amplitude statics and orientation errors should be encouraged prior to doing gradiometry analysis in future studies.
Earthquake Magnitudes from Dynamic Strain
Authors: Barbour Andrew J. , Langbein John O. , Farghal Noha S. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTDynamic strains have never played a role in determining local earthquake magnitudes, which are routinely set by displacement waveforms from seismic instrumentation (e.g., ML). We present a magnitude scale for local earthquakes based on broadband dynamic strain waveforms. This scale is derived from the peak root-mean-squared strains (A) in 4589 records of dynamic strain associated with 365 crustal earthquakes and 77 borehole strainmeters along the Pacific-North American plate boundary on the west coast of the United States and Canada. In this data set, catalog moment magnitudes range from 3.5≤Mw≤7.2, and hypocentral distances range from 6≤R≤500  km. The 1D representation of geometrical spreading and attenuation of A common to all strain data is logA0(R)=−0.00072R−1.45log(R). After correcting for instrument gain, site terms, and event terms, the magnitude scale, MDS=logA−logA0(R)−log(3×10−9), scales as ≈0.92Mw with a residual standard deviation of 0.19. This close association with Mw holds for events east of the −124° meridian; west of this boundary, however, a constant correction of 0.41 is needed to adjust for additional along-path attenuation effects. As a check on the accuracy of this magnitude scale, we apply it to dynamic strain records from three strainmeters located in the near field of the 2019 M 6.4 and 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquakes. Results from these six records are in agreement to within 0.5 magnitude units, and five out of six records are in agreement to within 0.34 units.
Ceftraixone induced anaphylaxis and death: a case report
Authors: Puranik Ameya 
Published: March 2021

Ceftriaxone, a broad spectrum third generation cephalosporin antibiotic and sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor. The combination is used for pre-operative surgical prophylaxis for prevention is secondary bacterial infection. We describe a patient who developed anaphylaxis and death soon after intravenous administration of ceftriaxone and sulbactam combination and review similar cases of adverse effects to these class of drugs. The patient was a 68 year old male admitted to surgery ward for obstructed inguinal hernia. He was prescribed injection ceftriaxone and sulbactam combination along with concomitant medication injection pantoprazole and injection metronidazole. The patient was injected injection ceftriaxone and sulbactam, within 15 minutes he suddenly developed anaphylactic shock and died for fluid aspiration in lungs during resuscitation. PubMed was searched for the following terms: anaphylaxis, ceftriaxone, sulbactam. The papers containing these terms and their references were reviewed. Anaphylactic shock caused by ceftriaxone is an uncommon adverse event in patients receiving the drug. However, similar reactions have been observed in some cases in India and world-wide. Clinicians should be aware that anaphylaxis secondary to ceftriaxone and sulbactam combination is a serious death threatening side-effect.
Der Übergang in eine nacheheliche Partnerschaft: Eine vergleichende Analyse zwischen Männern und Frauen auf Basis des deutschen Generations and Gender Survey
Authors: Jaschinski Ina 
Published: March 2021

Due to continuously high marital dissolution rates, re-partnering becomes an increasingly regular life course experience. However, only few empirical studies have addressed the topic of repartnering after divorce. This analysis uses data from the first wave of the German Generations and Gender Survey (GGS), which was conducted in 2005, to study patterns of post-divorce union formation in Germany. Particular attention is given to potential gender differences. Surprisingly, the empirical investigation shows no major gender differences in re-partnering rates. High education increases re-partnering rates for both sexes. There is, however, a gender difference for the age at divorce determining re-partnering behaviour: while women who are older at divorce experience a rather low rate of re-partnering, we do not find such a clear pattern for their male counterparts.
Zusammenfassung
Angesichts kontinuierlich hoher Scheidungszahlen werden nacheheliche Beziehungen zu regelmäßigen Lebensereignissen innerhalb einer Partnerschaftsbiografie. Allerdings gibt es relativ wenige Studien zu den Determinanten der nachehelichen Paarbildung. In diesem Beitrag werden die Daten des Generations und Gender Surveys (GGS) aus dem Jahr 2005 verwendet, um einen Einblick in das nacheheliche Partnerschaftsverhalten in Deutschland zu gewinnen. Im Fokus der Betrachtung steht dabei, welche wesentlichen Einflussfaktoren diesen Prozess der Paarbildung bestimmen und zu welchen Unterschieden es dabei zwischen Männern und Frauen kommt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es bei den Übergangsraten in eine nacheheliche Partnerschaft kaum Geschlechterunterschiede gibt. Sowohl für Männer als auch für Frauen geht vom Bildungsniveau ein positiver Effekt auf die Übergangsrate in eine nacheheliche Partnerschaft aus. Nur in Bezug auf das Alter bei Scheidung gibt es geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede. Insbesondere bei Frauen zeigt sich der negative Einfluss des Alters deutlicher.
Entwicklung von Instrumenten zur Erfassung von Ambivalenz gegenüber dem Eingehen einer Partnerschaft
Authors: Pinquart Martin , Stotzka Carolin , Silbereisen Rainer K. 
Published: March 2021

The present paper describes the development of two instruments for the direct versus indirect assessment of ambivalence concerning the beginning of an intimate relationship. Ambivalence was defined as coexistence of contradictory thoughts, feelings, or intentions regarding the start of an intimate relationship. The new scales show good to satisfactory psychometric properties. Ambivalence was related to neuroticism, shyness, anxious attachment representations, and low relationship quality. However, the direct assessment of ambivalence was more strongly correlated with other variables than the indirect measure. In addition, results are reported on the discriminant validity of the three subscales of the direct assessment of ambivalence.
Zusammenfassung Vorgestellt wird die Entwicklung von zwei Instrumente zur direkten bzw. indirekten Erfassung von Ambivalenz in Entscheidungen über das Eingehen einer Partnerschaft. Ambivalenz wurde hierbei definiert als Nebeneinanderbestehen von sich widersprechenden Gedanken, Gefühlen und Verhaltensimpulsen bezüglich des Eingehens einer Partnerschaft. Insgesamt weisen die Instrumente gute bis zufrieden stellende psychometrische Eigenschaften auf. Ambivalenz geht unter anderem mit Neurotizismus, Schüchternheit, einer ängstlichen Bindungsrepräsentation an die Mutter und einer schlechteren eigenen Partnerschaftsqualität einher. Das Instrument zur direkten Erfassung der Ambivalenz zeigt stärkere Zusammenhänge mit Außenkriterien als das Instrument zur indirekten Erfassung. Berichtet werden Befunde zur differentiellen Validität der drei Subskalen des Fragebogens zur direkten Erfassung der Ambivalenz.
Intergenerationale Scheidungstransmission und Aufwachsen in Stieffamilien. Gibt es den Transmissionseffekt auch bei Stiefkindern?
Authors: Schulz Sonja 
Published: March 2021

The link between parental divorce and children’s later risk of divorce is well documented empirically, but previous studies have rarely considered the family type following the parental divorce. The post-divorce family type is important, however, for different explanations of the intergenerational transmission of divorce. In this work, the third Family Survey of the German Youth Institute (DJI) (2000) is used to analyse how growing up in a stepfamily after a parental divorce influences the later risk of divorce and which mediating mechanisms are capable of explaining the transmission of divorce. The results of the present study indicate that persons from post-divorce stepfamilies have a particularly high risk of divorce. Sex differences become apparent as well. For men, growing up in a post-divorce stepfamily increases the own risk of future divorce, while growing up with a divorced single parent has no effect. For women, growing up in either postdivorce family type increases the risk of divorce. The increased divorce risk of men raised in postdivorce stepfamilies can be partially explained by their typically lower investment into marriagespecific capital. Concerning women, the stressful situation in the family of origin offers an additional explanation of the relationship between growing up in a post-divorce stepfamily and the own risk of divorce. The mediator variables are less capable of explaining the link between growing up with a divorced single parent and the own risk of divorce for women. The findings are discussed with respect to their implications for different explanations of the intergenerational transmission of divorce.
Zusammenfassung
Dass Scheidungskinder in ihren eigenen Ehen einem erhöhten Scheidungsrisiko unterliegen, ist in einer Vielzahl von Untersuchungen empirisch nachgewiesen worden. Bisherige Studien haben allerdings nur selten die Art der Folgefamilie nach der elterlichen Scheidung berücksichtigt, obwohl diese zur Erklärung des Transmissionseffekts von Bedeutung ist. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird anhand des dritten Familiensurveys des Deutschen Jugendinstituts (2000) überprüft, inwiefern das Aufwachsen in einer Stieffamilie nach der elterlichen Scheidung das spätere Scheidungsrisiko beeinflusst und durch welche vermittelnden Mechanismen sich der Transmissionseffekt erklären lässt. Empirisch zeigt sich, dass Personen aus Scheidungsstieffamilien in besonderem Maße einem erhöhten Scheidungsrisiko unterliegen und dass Geschlechtsunterschiede im Transmissionseffekt bestehen: Für Männer erhöht lediglich das Aufwachsen in einer Scheidungsstieffamilie das eigene Scheidungsrisiko, das Aufwachsen bei einem alleinerziehenden Elternteil hat keinen Effekt.
Welchen Einfluss hat die Aufteilung von Hausarbeit und Kinderbetreuung auf Partnerschaftskonflikte und Partnerschaftszufriedenheit bei berufstätigen Paaren?
Authors: Meuwly Nathalie , Wilhelm Peter , Eicher Véronique , Perrez Meinrad 
Published: March 2021

Although women’s relationship satisfaction is known to covary with satisfaction regarding couples’ division of housework and child care, the factors mediating these associations are rarely examined. To test the hypothesis that relationship conflict mediates the link between housework and relationship satisfaction, 207 dual-earner couples with young children completed questionnaires about their relationship and how they divided housework and child care. Most couples were satisfied with the division of labor, and women did most of the housework and child care. For husbands and wives, dissatisfaction with division of housework and child care was associated with more perceived conflicts, which in turn covaried with lower relationship satisfaction. Division of housework was more strongly associated with relationship satisfaction for women than for men, but there were no gender differences for the impact of child care responsibilities on relationship satisfaction. In general, subjective evaluation of the division of labor had stronger effects on relationship conflicts and satisfaction than the division of labor itself.
Zusammenfassung
In bisherigen Studien zeigte sich, dass vor allem bei Frauen die Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeitsteilung mit der Partnerschaftszufriedenheit zusammenhängt. Ungeklärt ist, ob dieser Zusammenhang durch eine Reduktion des Konfliktpotentials in der Partnerschaft vermittelt wird und welche Rolle dabei die tatsächliche Aufteilung der Familienarbeit spielt. 207 Schweizer Doppelverdiener-Paare mit Kleinkindern wurden anhand von Fragebogen zu Partnerschaft und Arbeitsteilung befragt. Die familiäre Arbeitsteilung wurde überwiegend als zufriedenstellend erlebt, dabei verrichteten mehrheitlich die Frauen die Hausarbeit und betreuten die Kinder. Bei beiden Partnern war eine geringere Zufriedenheit mit der Aufteilung von Hausarbeit und Kinderbetreuung mit häufigeren Konflikten assoziiert, welche wiederum mit einer geringeren Partnerschaftszufriedenheit zusammenhingen. Im Gegensatz zur Kinderbetreuung waren die Effekte der Arbeitsteilung der Hausarbeit auf die Partnerschaft stärker für die Frauen als für die Männer. Dabei war die subjektive Bewertung der Arbeitsteilung bedeutender für die berichteten Konflikte und die Partnerschaftszufriedenheit als die tatsächliche Arbeitsteilung.