bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maintenance of Physical Function in Adult and Older Adult Mice Using Aerobic Exercise
Authors: Graber Ted , Pajski Megan , Byrd Christopher , Nadigama Nainika , Fennel Alyssa , Seguin Emily , Seguin Anna 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As we age, physical and neuromuscular function declines gradually. Exercise is a therapy to improve neuromuscular ability. Pre-clinical models are needed to understand molecular mechanisms contributing to age-associated functional decline and how exercise affects that downward trajectory. Our goal was to compare the differences in effects of two validated mouse models of endurance exercise designed to mimic human training studies: high intensity interval training (HIIT) and voluntary wheel running (VWR). We hypothesized that both adult and older adults (10 and 26 months old at end, respectively: 10m and 26m) would respond to both exercise regimens by improving or maintaining exercise/physical capacity, but that adult mice would benefit more. We randomly assigned male C57BL/6 mice into experimental groups: 10m: (VWR, HIIT, sedentary control, CON, n=8 per group), and 26m (VWR, n=8, HIIT, n=10). We measured functional ability (pre- and post-intervention) using CFAB (comprehensive functional assessment battery), our composite scoring system (grip strength, inverted cling, treadmill endurance, activity rate, rotarod), tracked body composition (EchoMRI), and measured muscle wet mass. We found that significant retention of ability (CFAB difference, repeated measures ANOVA, p&lt;0.05) and fat percentage (ANOVA., %change: 10m: CON +125%, HIIT +101%, VWR +52%; 26m: VWR -42%, HIIT +26%, p&lt;0.05) was promoted by both exercise modalities compared to control, and furthermore HIIT may have better efficacy in the adult versus the older mice. In conclusion, both exercises are valid models with derived benefits as expected in similar human studies. We anticipate future work using these models to undertake mechanistic investigations.
Normalized grip strength is inversely associated with DNAm age in middle age and older adults.
Authors: peterson Mark , Collins Stacey , Meier Helen , Faul Jessica 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
There is a large body of evidence linking muscular weakness, as determined by low grip strength, to a host of negative aging-related health outcomes. Given these links, grip strength has been labeled a “biomarker of aging”; and yet, this metric provides no biological plausibility. The objective of this study was to determine the association between grip strength and DNA methylation (DNAm) age acceleration. Middle age and older adults from the 2006-2008 waves of the Health and Retirement Study with 8-years of follow-up were included. Cross sectional and longitudinal modeling were performed to examine the association between grip strength (normalized to body mass: NGS) and DNAm age acceleration, adjusting for cell composition, sociodemographic variables, and smoking. Three DNAm clocks were incorporated for estimating age acceleration including the established DunedinPoAm, Levine, and GrimAge clocks. There was a robust and independent cross sectional association between NGS and DNAm age for men (β:-0.36; p&lt;0.001) and women (β:-0.36; p&lt;0.001) using the DunedinPoAm clock, and for men only using the Levine (β:-8.04; p=0.01) and GrimAge (β:-4.76; p=0.01) clocks. There was also an independent longitudinal association between baseline NGS and DNAm age for men (β:-0.27; p&lt;0.001) and women (β:-0.36; p&lt;0.001) using the DunedinPoAm clock, and for women only using the Levine (β:-8.20; p&lt;0.001) and GrimAge (β:-6.04; p&lt;0.001) clocks. Our findings provide some evidence of age acceleration among men and women with lower NGS. Future research is needed to understand the extent to which DNAm age mediates the association between grip strength and chronic disease, disability, and mortality.
Perceived Partner Responsiveness and Depression: The Moderating Role of Age and Gender
Authors: Urganci Betul 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A growing body of research suggests that greater perceived partner responsiveness- the extent to which individuals feel cared for, understood, and validated by their romantic partner- leads to longer, healthier, and happier life in adulthood, yet little is known about possible moderating factors between responsiveness and well-being. Using a longitudinal design, the current study tested the moderating roles of age and gender in association between perceived partner responsiveness and depression symptoms. The data for the present study came from the National Survey of Midlife in the United States (MIDUS I and II) which is a longitudinal study on health and aging. A life span sample of 2856 married or cohabiting individuals (1402 Female, Mage= 47.16) completed measures of perceived partner responsiveness, depression, age, and gender in two waves (T1 and T2). The results showed that greater perceived partner responsiveness at T1 predicted lower depressive symptoms at T2 controlling for depressive symptoms at T1. This finding remained when controlling for potential confounders including demographics and health covariates. The moderation analysis demonstrated that participants’ age was not a significant moderator in the association between perceived partner responsiveness and depression. Yet, gender significantly was a significant moderator such that the association of perceived partner responsiveness and depression was significant for female but not for male participants. These findings can have implications for mental health and relational well-being.
Pilot Testing of the UB-CAM Delirium Screening App
Authors: Kuzmik Ashley , Hannan John Joseph , Ngo Long , Boltz Marie , Shrestha Priyanka , Inouye Sharon , Fick Donna , Marcantonio Edward 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Systematic screening improves delirium detection among hospitalized older adults. This poster describes the development and pilot testing of an iOS-based app that incorporates the Ultra-Brief Confusion Assessment Method (UB-CAM), a two-step, delirium detection protocol that combines the UB-2 (2-item screener) and 3D-CAM. Previous work tested a RedCAP-based UB-CAM app in 527 patients with 399 physicians, nurses, and certified nursing assistants (CNAs) showing it can be successfully completed by all three disciplines in 97% of eligible patients in 80 seconds on average with over 85% accuracy relative to a gold standard. To improve accessibility to the clinical setting, our research team now collaborated with a computer scientist to develop and refine an iOS-based UB-CAM app for the iPhone and iPad through iterative “laboratory” testing. The app was piloted by non-clinician, research testers in hospitalized older adults (age x̄ =83, SD= 8.0) with dementia (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale x̄ =1.1, SD= .30); 64% were assessed to be delirium positive. The app demonstrated preliminary efficiency (90 seconds on average), high acceptability (100% satisfaction of users), and reliability (100% inter-rater). This project underscores the need for close collaboration between researchers, clinicians, and computer scientists with iterative testing of bedside-facing apps prior to testing with patients. Next steps include testing effectiveness in a pragmatic trial with clinician users (physicians, nurses, CNAs), integrating the UB-CAM app into the routine hospital care of all older patients. Having rapid, accurate bedside delirium detection has the potential to transform care.
Please Do Something: What Caregivers for Family Members with FTD Need
Authors: Smith Samantha , Tran Leslie , Lindauer Allison 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) often presents with pronounced behavioral symptoms that contribute to family Care Partner (CP) burden and psychological strain. FTD-specific interventions that support the unique challenges of FTD-CPs are lacking. The present focus group study (Phase 1), elicited feedback from twelve CPs of persons with FTD on the multi-component video-based STELLA intervention (Support via TEchnology: Living and Learning with Advancing ADRDs), to inform the revision and adaptation of STELLA for FTD-CPs (Phase 2). Using Thomas’s (2006) analytic approach to evaluation data, the investigators reviewed the raw text from two focus groups and used an inductive approach to create categories that informed future STELLA adaptation and revision. To address trustworthiness, each investigator independently analyzed the transcripts and CP-annotated STELLA booklets. Six commonalities emerged. Three address the caregiver experience: Burden and living with complex behaviors; Difficulties in getting a diagnosis; and Barriers to participation. The other three reflect specific intervention adaptations: Make a Roadmap, STELLA-FTD Structure, and Booklet edits. The focus group findings offer practical suggestions to create a revised STELLA intervention to address the needs of families living with FTD. The suggestions are nested in the intense caregiving experience of living with complex behavioral symptoms, feeling burdened, isolated, and “living in darkness.” Both the investigators and caregivers appreciate the difficulty in crafting an intervention that meets the needs of all families living with FTD, but the caregivers encouraged the team to develop “something”: “…You won't be able to solve every problem or meet every need… [but] please, please do something.”
Prefrontal Activation is Associated With Gait Quality During an Attentional Task in Older Adults
Authors: Baillargeon Emma , Suri Anisha , Chen Nemin , Zhu Xiaonan , Rosano Caterina , Sejdic Ervin , Huppert Theodore , Rosso Andrea 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Prefrontal cortical activation varies by walking task and is a marker of attentional demand. We compared prefrontal activation by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to accelerometry-derived gait quality. We hypothesized greater activation with lower gait quality (greater step-time coefficient-of-variation, decreased cadence, smoothness, regularity, and signal variability). Participants (n=114; age 74.4±6.0 years, 59.6% female) were independently ambulating individuals &gt;64 years. Attentional (reciting every-other alphabet letter) and physical (uneven surface) challenges mimicked community mobility and provided four 15m walking conditions: even, uneven, ABC-even, and ABC-uneven. fNIRS data were referenced to quiet standing and averaged within left and right hemispheres. Gait metrics from a tri-axial accelerometer at the lower-back included cadence (steps/min), step-time coefficient-of-variation, signal variability (standard deviation), smoothness (harmonic ratio), and regularity (entropy). Associations between fNIRS and gait were quantified using Pearson correlations (α=0.05). Results were consistent across hemispheres, gait axes, and robust to adjustment for age and gait speed; we report unadjusted coefficients for left hemisphere and anterior-posterior gait direction. Greater prefrontal activation was associated with slower cadence (r=-0.220, p=0.019), lower signal variability (r=-0.228, p=0.015), and reduced smoothness (r=-0.194, p=0.039) during ABC-even. No relation was observed for step-time coefficient-of-variation or regularity. Results were similar for the ABC-uneven condition, except there was no association with gait smoothness but was with step-time coefficient-of-variation (r=0.25, p=0.007). Prefrontal activation was not correlated to gait quality in non-ABC conditions. Our findings support our hypothesis only during the ABC challenge, suggesting that older adults may rely on prefrontal activation to complete attentional but not physical challenges during gait.
Translating and Adapting the Modified Mini Mental State (3MS) Test for Multiple Cultural Populations
Authors: Rose Tara , Teng Evelyn , Erickson Katherine , Chen Chia Ying , Manzo Elyse , Chui Helena 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Within healthcare settings, screening of cognitive abilities in older adults is routinely conducted for the detection, early intervention, and management of cognitive impairments. The Modified Mini Mental State (3MS) test takes approximately 10 minutes to administer and has a score range of 0 - 100. It can provide an estimated MMSE score, and has been used in multiple countries since 1987 with approximately 1,900 publications. The United States has many diverse populations with different languages and cultural backgrounds. How to appropriately translate and adapt the original 3MS test in English for each minority group in order to better serve them is an important issue. Cross-cultural assessment involves much more than accurate translation of test items across languages. One needs to know not only the oral and written languages involved, but also the life experiences and circumstances of the target populations. This presentation first covers some general considerations in test translation and adaptation, including attention to cultural, ecological, and language specifics. We shall then present Chinese, Korean, and Hindi 3MS record forms to illustrate the reasons and ways for modification of some of the test items. To accommodate different writing systems, for example, 3MS test versions with an alphabet are different from ones with logographic character representations. Modifications of the 3MS items include those on temporal orientation, spatial orientation, naming, and repetition. In summary, cultural, ecological, and linguistic differences must be taken into account for cognitive screening in order to enhance cross-population comparability and be more inclusive for aging ethnic minorities.
Adapting Psychotherapy for Comorbid Substance use and Bipolar Disorder in Older Sexual Minorities: A Case Study
Authors: Morehouse Sarah Nanami , Stripling Ashley , Brunson Kirenia , Maccarrone Jodie , Choe Jessica , Garcia Julian , Boston Nicholas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Approximately 65 to 95% of individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) are diagnosed with an additional psychiatric condition (Kessler, 1999). Alcohol, the most commonly abused substance amongst individuals with BD (Xiao et al., 2016), has been linked to significant increases in suicide attempts, disability, hospitalizations, and mortality (Baldessarini et al., 2008; Goldberg et al., 1999; Mitchell et al., 2007; Nery & Soares, 2011). Despite these ill effects, little is known about how to effectively treat, or adapt existing treatment appropriately, for the growing numbers of individuals who are dually diagnosed with BD and alcohol use disorder (AUD) and hold the identity of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ) in late life. Thus, the purpose of this study is to demonstrate how treatment was adapted to a self-identified gay man with comorbid BD and AUD from a relational, culturally sensitive perspective while simultaneously implementing two short-term interventions: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and a behavioral substance use program. In line with Knight & Poon’s (2008) Contextual Life Span Theory for Adapting Psychotherapy with Older Adults (CALTAP) and a multicultural lens that incorporates relevant research on older LGBTQ individuals, modifications were made to the content, structure, language, and duration of therapy while cultivating a safe and empathic space. Idiographic data and progress monitoring measures suggests treatment resulted in substance use and distress reduction, as well as mood stabilization. However, additional booster sessions may be advantageous given the risk for substance abuse relapse and the compounding effect it may exert on persons with BD.
Age Differences in the Association Between Cardiovascular Disease, Depression, and Suicide Risk
Authors: Cui Ruifeng , Shalaby Alaa , Rotondi Armando , Albright Amy , Callan Judith 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is prevalent among older adults aged 60+ (75%). The literature shows a strong bidirectional association between risk for CVD and risk for depression, although there is limited research regarding whether the strength of this association differs by age. CVD may also be related to suicide risk; however, the literature is both limited and mixed, with studies inconsistently finding an association. Additionally, no known studies have investigated age differences in this relationship. The present study examined the association between CVD (assessed via diagnostic checklist), depression (PHQ-8), and suicide risk (SBQ-R), as well as whether these associations differed by age. The current sample consisted of 301 younger adults (aged 18-40) and 432 older adults (aged 60+) recruited online through Mechanical Turk (younger adults: 78.1% white, 46.5% female; older adults 91.4% white, 56.3% female). Older adults had more CVD diagnoses (M=0.9) than younger adults (M=0.3). The association between CVD (i.e., 1+ CVD diagnoses vs. 0 diagnoses) and mental health was moderated by age (depression interaction p&lt;.001; suicide risk interaction p=.033). Among younger adults, presence of CVD diagnosis was associated with 85% higher depression symptoms (M=6.1 vs 11.3) and 48% higher suicide risk scores (M=5.8 vs 8.6) when compared to no diagnoses. CVD had less of a negative impact among older adults and was associated with 64% higher depression symptoms (M=3.1 vs 5.1) and only 14% higher suicide risk scores (M=4.3 vs 4.9). Providers treating CVD may consider assessing and addressing depression and suicide risk, especially among younger patients with CVD.
Collection of free-living accelerometry data in large clinical studies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Urbanek Jacek , Matsushita Kunihiro , Kaplan Robert , Coresh Josef , Schrack Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The recent COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial impact on clinical research, including recruitment and follow-up visits in new and ongoing studies, especially affecting ones focused on older, at-risk adults. As the objective assessment of physical activity with wearables is usually initiated during in-person visits, the collection of these data experienced substantial, unplanned gaps. We report the frequency of data collection (visits-per-month) in studies collaborating with the Accelerometry Resource Core (ARC) at Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health. We focus on two, NIH-funded, studies that implemented the ARC accelerometry protocol. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities that stopped visit 8 enrollment in early 2020 and reinstated in 2021 for visit 9, and the Peripheral Artery Disease Study of SOL that started the data collection in early 2021, first via the mail-in protocol, then shifting towards in-clinic visits. Through March 2020, ARC processed an average of 125 new accelerometry per month (SD = 54). There was no new data collected for the remainder of 2020. The collection restarted in January 2021 with an average of 55 (SD = 43) files a month in the first and 112 (SD = 53) in the second quarter of 2021. A total of 573 new accelerometry observations were collected across both studies since the first wave of COVID-19 in March 2020 including 282 observations collected exclusively using a mail-in protocol. This recovery of data collection demonstrates that wearable devices allow for safer, remote assessment of physical activity, function, and sleep eliminating the need for in-person visits.
Dementia-Related Care in Acute Care Settings: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis of Patient and Family Perspectives
Authors: Chunga Richard 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Researchers have long emphasized the importance of a person-centered approach to health care, especially regarding the treatment of individuals living with dementia. However, the fast pace of acute care settings can be a difficult place to provide such care to patients, where there are tensions between the emphasis on efficient treatment of acute medical co-morbidities and person-centered dementia care. This paper is a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies examining perspectives of patients and their family members regarding their acute care experiences. It takes an interpretive approach, using primarily inductive reasoning to generate themes across available studies’ findings. Emergent themes are organized under two major dimensions of the hospital environment: the physical environment, including sensory and tangible elements, and the social environment, including the hospital atmosphere and communication practices. Persons with dementia feel overly stimulated by the busy physical environment of the hospital, yet they are often left to languish alone, sometimes even physically restrained. Patients reported feeling lonely, fearful, and confused, identifying diverse physical and social environmental attributes like physical clutter, noise, and lack of empathy from care providers as contributors. Based on acute care experiences and reports from patients and family members, although the acute condition is treated, persons with dementia often leave the acute care environment in worse functional condition than when they entered. Given the increasing prevalence of persons with dementia in acute care settings, it is clear that we must prioritize innovations and programs aimed at improving hospital practices, educating staff, and creating more dementia-friendly environmental designs.
Feasibility and Acceptability of VideoChat During Meals in Adults Aging in Place of Average Age 88
Authors: Lyman Alexa , Barre Laura 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Older adults in the United States prefer to age-in-place. However, living and eating alone are risk factors for malnutrition. Using videochat during mealtimes, i.e., VideoDining, can provide commensality and social facilitation to improve nutritional intake. The objective of this study was to determine if older adults aging-in-place can independently VideoDine with family or friends. We recruited eleven older adults from Full Circle America Steuben, a virtual assisted living program for adults aging-in-place in rural New York. All participants had Amazon EchoShow devices for videochat. Participants were instructed on VideoDining and asked to independently schedule four VideoDine sessions with a family/friend in four weeks. Surveys were collected at baseline, after VideoDine sessions, and end-of-study. Participants were 91% female and 100% white. The average age was 88 years. All participants were widowed and living alone except for one married couple. Overall, 45% of participants VideoDined four times, 36% of participants VideoDined two to three times, and 27% not at all, for an average of 2.7 sessions in a month. Participants VideoDined during all meals, although dinner was most common (66% of meals), and breakfast least common (12% of meals). Average comfort was rated 7.6/10 (1=not comfortable, 10=comfortable), median enjoyment was 9.3/10 (1=not enjoyable, 10=enjoyable), and median ease of VideoDining was 4.1/5 (1=very difficult, 5=very easy). On average, participants rated their VideoDining meal experience a 7.6/10 (1=poor, 10=excellent). With access to videochat technology, older adults can connect with a dining partner and have a favorable experience sharing a meal over videochat.