bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of timber harvest on epigeous fungal fruiting patterns and community structure in a northern hardwood ecosystem
Authors: Borgmann-Winter Benjamin W. , Stephens Ryan B. , D’Amato Anthony W. , Frey Serita D. , Rowe Rebecca J. 
Published: May 2021

Epigeous fungal fruiting has important impacts on fungal reproduction and ecosystem function. Forest disturbances, such as timber harvest, impact moisture, host availability, and substrate availability, which in turn may drive changes in fungal fruiting patterns and community structure. We surveyed mushrooms in 0.4 ha patch cuts (18 months post-harvest) and adjacent intact hardwood forest in northern New Hampshire, USA, to document the effects of timber harvest on summer fruiting richness, biomass, diversity, and community structure of ectomycorrhizal, parasitic, and saprobic mushroom taxa. Fungal fruiting richness, diversity, and community heterogeneity were greater in intact forests than patch cuts. Among functional groups, ectomycorrhizal fruiting richness, diversity, and biomass were greater in unharvested areas than in the patch cuts, but parasitic and saprobic fruiting did not differ statistically between the two forest conditions. Our findings suggest that timber harvest simplifies fungal fruiting communities shortly after harvest, in particular triggering declines in ectomycorrhizal taxa which are important symbionts facilitating tree establishment and regeneration. Multi-aged silvicultural practices that maintain mature forest conditions adjacent to and throughout harvested areas through deliberate retention of overstory trees and downed woody material may promote fungal fruiting diversity in regenerating stands.
Annihilators of power values of derivations on Lie ideals of prime rings
Authors: Liu Cheng-Kai , Tsai Yuan-Tsung 
Published: May 2021

Let [Formula: see text] be a prime ring with the extended centroid [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] a noncentral Lie ideal of [Formula: see text]. Suppose that [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is a derivation of [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] are fixed positive integers. If [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] unless [Formula: see text], the [Formula: see text] matrix ring over a field [Formula: see text]. This result gives an affirmative answer to the open conjecture recently raised by Huang in [Derivations with annihilator conditions on Lie ideals in prime rings, J. Algebra Appl. 19 (2020) 2050025].
Statistical Behavior of Lepton Pair Spectrum in the Drell-Yan Process and Signal from Quark-Gluon Plasma in High-Energy Collisions
Authors: Zhang Xu-Hong , Liu Fu-Hu 
Published: June 2021

We analyze the transverse momentum (

p

T

) spectra of lepton pairs (

ℓ

ℓ
¯

) generated in the Drell-Yan process, as detected in proton-nucleus (pion-nucleus) and proton-(anti)proton collisions by ten collaborations over a center-of-mass energy

s

N
N

or

s

if in a simplified form) range from

~
20

GeV to above 10 TeV. Three types of probability density functions (the convolution of two Lévy-Tsallis functions, the two-component Erlang distribution, and the convolution of two Hagedorn functions) are utilized to fit and analyze the

p

T

spectra. The fit results are approximately in agreement with the collected experimental data. Consecutively, we obtained the variation law of related parameters as a function of

s

and invariant mass

Q

. In the fit procedure, a given Lévy-Tsallis (or Hagedorn) function can be regarded as the probability density function of transverse momenta contributed by a single quark (

q

) or anti-quark (

q
¯

). The Drell-Yan process is then described by the statistical method.
Você confia nas edições que lê?
Authors: Moraes Carlos Eduardo Mendes de 
Published: May 2021

Na pesquisa de textos impressos ou manuscritos produzidos nos primeiros registros da escrita no Brasil, uma questão importante é como tratar essas fontes na preparação de um corpus. O problema atinge o pesquisador da área dos estudos filológicos em virtude do seu objeto, o texto escrito. Estas reflexões vão além do conhecimento da língua, pois lidam também com a necessidade de conhecimento das diversas versões que um texto pode apresentar em sua tradição impressa, na qual há a particularidade do universo dos textos de impressão antiga e, por outro lado, abrange a totalidade das obras que se mantêm em estado de manuscrito. Não se trata simplesmente de estabelecer critério de qualificação do suporte ou da forma. Não se trata, também, somente de acirrar preconceitos que levam à preferência por esta por aquela edição, versão ou manuscrito. Trata-se, principalmente, de entender que os processos de edição, publicação e divulgação dos textos são extremamente complexos e que o seu conhecimento se torna tanto ou mais necessário à medida que se adotam determinadas posições metodológicas para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas dos corpora.
Impact of Urinary Catheterization on Postoperative Outcomes After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery in Propensity-Matched Cohorts
Authors: Berglund Derek D. , Parker David M. , Fluck Marcus , Dove James , Falvo Alexandra , Horsley Ryan D. , Gabrielsen Jon , Petrick Anthony T. , Daouadi Mustapha 
Published: June 2021

Background The impact of urinary catheter avoidance in bariatric enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols is yet to be established. The purpose of the current study is to determine whether urinary catheter use in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) procedures has an effect on postoperative outcomes. Methods An institutional database was utilized to identify adult patients undergoing primary minimally invasive RYGB surgery. Outcomes included incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) within 30 days postoperatively, 30-day readmission rates, proportion of patients discharged after postoperative day 1 (delayed discharge), length of stay (LOS), and operating room time. These were compared between propensity-matched groups with and without urinary catheter placement. Results There were no significant differences in postoperative UTI’s (2.2% for both cohorts, P = .593) or 30-day readmission rates for patients with and without urinary catheters (6.6% and 4.4%, respectively, P = .260). Mean LOS (1.7 vs. 1.5 days, P = .001) and the proportion of patients having a delayed discharge (47.3% vs. 33.7%, P = .001) was greater in patients with a catheter. Operating room time was longer in the urinary catheter group (221.8 vs. 207.9 minutes, P = .002). Discussion Avoidance of indwelling urinary catheters in RYGB surgical patients decreased delayed discharges and LOS without affecting readmission or reoperation rates. Therefore, we recommend that avoidance of urinary catheters in routine RYGB surgery be considered for inclusion into standardized ERAS protocols. Urinary catheters should continue to be utilized in select cases, however, as these were not shown to affect rate of UTIs.
‘Evolution from the inside out’: Revisiting the impact of (re)productive resistance among ultra-orthodox female entrepreneurs
Authors: Baikovich Avital , Wasserman Varda , Pfefferman Talia 
Published: June 2021

How can resistance produce substantial social changes without becoming detrimental to those resisting? Drawing on qualitative study of diverse social and business Jewish-ultraorthodox female entrepreneurs (JUFE) in Israel, we demonstrate how JUFE’s resistance turned productive by advancing different issues related to women’s status and rights, leading to greater gender equality in their community. In struggling against their community’s patriarchal power, women’s resistance acts resulted in multilevel gendered social changes related to embodiment, home equality, economic well-being and women’s rights. JUFE’s resistance was intermingled with compliance, thus allowing them to engender change processes in an ultra-religious social environment while maintaining their community membership and belonging. Our contribution is threefold: first, by uncovering resistance forms in social contexts subjected to authoritarian power regimes, we argue that religiosity serves as a resource for women not only in resisting gender power relations, but also in promoting broad, gendered social changes without becoming victimized as social outcasts. Second, we uncover the complex dynamics between diverse aspects of domination, the resistant acts invoked in response, the respective compliant practices intermingled with these acts and the perceived risks involved. Third, by demonstrating how JUFE’s resistance led to significant, evolutionary modifications in different aspects of an extant social order, while reproducing the hegemonic power relations and social circumstances it aims to modify, we highlight that resistance may become productive because it is reproductive of the social order it seeks to change, not despite it.
Electroacupuncture improves cardiac function and reduces infarct size by modulating cardiac autonomic remodeling in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia
Authors: Lu Sheng-Feng , Wang Jun-Meng , Yuan Jing , Yang Wen-Xiu , Chen Li-Yao , Zhang Tao , Jing Xin-Yue , Zhuang Yi , Zhang Cheng-Shun , Fu Shu-Ping , Yu Mei-Ling 
Published: May 2021

Background: Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve remodeling play an important role in cardiac function after myocardial ischemia (MI) injury. Increasing evidence indicates that electroacupuncture (EA) can regulate cardiac function by modulating the autonomic nervous system (ANS), but little is known about its effectiveness on neural remodeling post-MI. Objectives: To investigate the role of EA in ANS remodeling post-MI. Methods: Adult male C57/BL6 mice were equally divided into the Control (Ctrl), MI and EA groups after generating the MI model by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. Echocardiography and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium (TTC) staining were employed to evaluate cardiac function and infarct size after EA treatment for five consecutive days. Serum norepinephrine (NE) levels were measured by ELISA to quantify sympathetic activation. Then, ANS remodeling was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), RT-qPCR, and Western blotting. Results: Our preliminary findings showed that EA increased ejection fraction and fractional shortening and reduced infarct area after MI injury. Serum NE levels in the EA group were significantly decreased compared with those in the MI group. IHC staining results demonstrated that the density of growth associated protein (GAP)43 and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive nerve fibers in the EA group were decreased with increased choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VACHT). Meanwhile, the results verified that mRNA and protein expression of GAP43 and TH were significantly inhibited by EA treatment in the MI mice, accompanied by elevated CHAT and VACHT. Conclusions: EA treatment could improve cardiac function and reduce infarct size by modulating sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve remodeling post-MI, thus helping the cardiac ANS reach a new balance to try to protect the heart from further possible injury.
Cleft Lip and/or Palate and Associated Risks in Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kruppa Kayla , Krüger Esedra , Vorster Carlien , der Linde Jeannie van 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To identify and review published data on the risks associated with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). Design: A systematic review of literature was performed on electronic databases using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Literature on risks associated with CL/P in LMICs, from 2010 to 2020, were included. Results: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies adopted an observational study design. Biological and environmental risks were identified. Maternal and paternal age (n = 7) and low socioeconomic status (n = 5) were the most prominently associated environmental risk factors. A strong association was identified between family history of cleft (n = 7) and CL/P occurrence. Conclusion: Environmental risk factors are now being investigated more than biological risk factors in LMICs, aiding health care workers in the early identification of possible cumulative effects of risks in CL/P. Contextually relevant tools are recommended to promote early identification of at-risk infants.
Cataract standard set for outcome measures: An Italian tertiary referral centre experience
Authors: Tognetto Daniele , Giglio Rosa , De Giacinto Chiara , Dell’Aquila Carmen , Pian Giulia , Scardellato Carlo , Piñero David Pablo 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Implementation of the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurements (ICHOM) standard for cataract surgery into clinical practice at an Italian tertiary referral centre. Methods: Prospective, observational, descriptive study consisting of the registry and analysis of cataract surgeries performed during a 6-month enrolment period at the University Eye Clinic of Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Outcomes were recorded and analysed according to the ICHOM Cataract Standard Set version 2.0.1. Records included clinician-reported outcome measures (CROMs) – visual outcome and complications – and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) – self-assessed vision with the Catquest-9SF questionnaire. Correlations between PROMs and CROMs were evaluated. A multiple linear regression was used for predicting the change in PROMs with surgery. Results: A total of 218 eyes (of 218 patients) were analysed. Postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was ⩾0.3 in 89.0% (194/218) of eyes. There was a statistically significant improvement of the post-operative Catquest-9SF global average score. ( p < 0.001). The change in the Catquest-9SF score significantly correlated with the change in Item 2 score (related to intermediate vision) ( r = 0.634, p < 0.001). A predictive model of the change in the Catquest-9SF score was found ( p < 0.001, R2: 0.527) based on preoperative Catquest-9SF total score, presence or not of macular degeneration, presence or not of intraoperative complications, age >75 years old, and preoperative CDVA. Conclusions: Cataract surgery improves the functional vision, with some factors limiting the outcomes such as comorbidities. Self-perceived improvement in intermediate vision significantly influenced the improvement in self-assessed vision.
Sensitivity of spectral domain optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of posterior vitreous detachment in vitreomacular interface disorders: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Stavrakas Panagiotis , Christou Evita Evangelia , Ananikas Konstantinos , Tsiogka Anastasia , Tranos Paris , Theodossiadis Panagiotis , Stefaniotou Maria , Chatziralli Irini 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the sensitivity of Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) regarding the diagnosis of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in vitreomacular interface disorders (VID). Methods: A total of 48 eyes of 48 patients were included in this prospective cohort study. PVD in eyes with VID was investigated. We determined the status of posterior vitreous cortex using slit lamp (SL) biomicroscopy and SD-OCT preoperatively, during vitrectomy and on the intraoperative video recording. Sensitivity and specificity of the examining methods were analysed. Four masked independent examiners participated in this study. Results: PVD was diagnosed in 16 eyes (33.3%) on SD-OCT, 20 eyes (41.7%) on SL examination and 28 eyes (58.3%) during vitrectomy. Sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of PVD was 37.5% and 31.3% using SD-OCT, 90% and 64.3% on the SL examination, 92.9% and 90% on the video recording respectively, compared to the intraoperative PVD diagnosis. Conclusion: SD-OCT shows a relatively low detection sensitivity of PVD in VID. Thorough OCT investigation is necessary to establish an appropriate diagnosis of PVD and treatment in VID.
KI-67 LI Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients and Its Significance
Authors: Arafah Maria A , Ouban Abderrahman , Ameer Omar Z , Quek Ko Jin 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subset of breast cancer which is known to carry a poor prognosis because of lack of targets for hormonal therapy. Research efforts have focused in recent years on discovering biomarkers of management in TNBCs. KI-67 Labelling Index (LI) is a nuclear protein which has proven to play diagnostic and prognostic roles in many cancers. Materials and methods: We analysed the expression of KI-67 LI by immunohistochemistry in TNBC cases from the University hospital. This expression was cross-checked against clinical-pathological criteria of TNBC patients and against Vimentin expression in TNBC patients with significant KI-67 expression. Results: KI-67 LI was significantly expressed in the majority of TNBC cases. This expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastases, tumour invasion, high tumour nuclear grade, clinical stage, adverse survival outcome, and failure to achieve pathological complete response. TNBCs’ KI-67 LI expression was also correlated with Vimentin expression, the mesenchymal chief marker of the EMT phenomenon. Conclusion: Collectively, our study presents a strong argument for the use of KI-67 LI as a biomarker of aggressive, metastatic TNBC disease with poor outcome. This study, along with mounting evidence in the scientific literature, presents a case for the use of this nuclear protein in diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up of patients with this difficult diagnosis.
Primary diaphragmatic undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a cat
Authors: Bonazzi Irene , Morabito Simona , Brunetti Barbara , Nicoli Stefano , Valenti Paola 
Published: May 2021

Case summary A 5-year-old neutered female domestic shorthair cat was referred for acute onset of dyspnoea. Thoracic radiographs performed by the referring veterinarian revealed the presence of pleural effusion. Upon presentation, the cat was dyspnoeic, and cardiopulmonary auscultation revealed muffled heart sounds and bilaterally increased bronchovesicular sounds. Radiographic study of the thorax revealed bilateral pleural effusion and a soft tissue opacity in the dorsocaudal region of the left hemithorax. A whole-body contrast-enhanced CT scan identified a soft tissue mass arising from the left diaphragmatic crus. Transthoracic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the mass was performed and the result was consistent with a malignant mesenchymal neoplasia, showing giant cells. Cytoreductive surgery was performed and the histopathology diagnosis of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma was made. Adjuvant chemotherapy was then offered. Ten days after surgery pleural effusion recurred. Thoracic echography revealed the presence of a diaphragmatic thickening in the area of surgical resection. FNA of the thickening was consistent with mesenchymal neoplasia. Even when chemotherapy and supportive treatment with pain relief was instituted, the clinical condition of the cat worsened within a few days and it was euthanased 1 month after surgery. Relevance and novel information Primary diaphragmatic tumours (PDTs) have been rarely reported in human and in veterinary medicine, where only three cases have been described in the dog. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe a PDT, specifically an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, in a cat.
Treatment burden associated with the intake of thickened fluids
Authors: Steele Simon J. , Ennis Samantha L. , Dobler Claudia C. 
Published: June 2021

The implementation of thickened fluids in patients with dysphagia is widely considered an effective strategy for safe and physiologically improved swallow. However, there is limited evidence to suggest that this intervention reduces the risk of dysphagia-related complications including aspiration pneumonia. In addition, there is growing evidence that this approach is associated with adverse clinical effects including dehydration, malnutrition and reduced health-related quality of life. This review summarises the rationale for thickened fluids, the evidence base (or lack thereof) underpinning their use, and current guideline recommendations.Educational aimsTo review the evidence base for thickened fluids in the management of dysphagia.To examine the evidence that thickened fluids reduce aspiration pneumonia.To provide an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of thickened fluids in the management of dysphagia.
Genetic diversity and effective population sizes of thirteen Indian cattle breeds
Authors: Strucken Eva M. , Gebrehiwot Netsanet Z. , Swaminathan Marimuthu , Joshi Sachin , Al Kalaldeh Mohammad , Gibson John P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The genetic structure of a diverse set of 15 Indian indigenous breeds and non-descript indigenous cattle sampled from eight states was examined, based on 777 k single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes obtained on 699 animals, with sample sizes ranging from 17 to 140 animals per breed. To date, this is the largest and most detailed assessment of the genetic diversity of Indian cattle breeds.

Results
Admixture analyses revealed that 109 of the indigenous animals analyzed had more than 1% Bos taurus admixture of relatively recent origin. Pure indigenous animals were defined as having more than 99% Bos indicus ancestry. Assessment of the genetic diversity within and between breeds using principal component analyses, F statistics, runs of homozygosity, the genomic relationship matrix, and maximum likelihood clustering based on allele frequencies revealed a low level of genetic diversity among the indigenous breeds compared to that of Bos taurus breeds. Correlations of SNP allele frequencies between breeds indicated that the genetic variation among the Bos indicus breeds was remarkably low. In addition, the variance in allele frequencies represented less than 1.5% between the Indian indigenous breeds compared to about 40% between Bos taurus dairy breeds. Effective population sizes (Ne) increased during a period post-domestication, notably for Ongole cattle, and then declined during the last 100 generations. Although we found that most of the identified runs of homozygosity are short in the Indian indigenous breeds, indicating no recent inbreeding, the high FROH coefficients and low FIS values point towards small population sizes. Nonetheless, the Ne of the Indian indigenous breeds is currently still larger than that of Bos taurus dairy breeds.

Conclusions
The changes in the estimates of effective population size are consistent with domestication from a large native population followed by consolidation into breeds with a more limited population size. The surprisingly low genetic diversity among Indian indigenous cattle breeds might be due to their large Ne since their domestication, which started to decline only 100 generations ago, compared to approximately 250 to 500 generations for Bos taurus dairy cattle.