bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Ferroptosis-Related Long Non-coding RNA Prognostic Risk Model for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Huang Shenglan , Li Dan , Zhuang Lingling , Sun Liying , Wu Jianbing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background：Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with a poor prognosis. Ferroptosis is a novel and distinct type of non-apoptotic cell death that is closely associated with metabolism, redox biology, and tumor prognosis. Recently, ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have received increasing attention in predicting cancer prognosis. Thus, we aimed to construct an ferroptosis-related lncRNAs signature for predicting the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.Methods：We built an ferroptosis-related lncRNA risk signature by using Cox regression based on TCGA database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to compare the overall survival (OS) in different risk groups. Cox regression was performed to explore whether the signature could be used as an independent factor. A nomogram was built involving the risk score and clinicopathological features. Furthermore, we explored the biological functions and immune states in two groups.Results：Eight ferroptosis-related lncRNAs were obtained for constructing the prognosis model in gastric cancer. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis revealed that patients in the high-risk group had worse survival than those in the low-risk group. The survival outcome was also appropriate for subgroup analysis, including age, sex, grade, and clinical stage. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor and superior to traditional clinicopathological features in predicting GC prognosis. Next, we established a nomogram according to clinical parameters (age, sex, grade, and clinical stage) and risk score. All the verified results, including ROC curve analysis, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis, demonstrated that the nomogram could accurately predict the survival of patients with gastric cancer. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that these lncRNAs were mainly involved in cell adhesion, cancer pathways, and immune function regulation.Conclusion: We established a novel ferroptosis-related prognostic risk signature including eight lncRNAs and constructed a nomogram to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients, which may improve prognostic predictive accuracy and guide individualized treatment for patients with GC.
PET/CT Imaging of Head-and-Neck and Pancreatic Cancer in Humans by Targeting the "Cancer Integrin" αvβ6 with Ga-68-Trivehexin
Authors: Quigley Neil Gerard , Steiger Katja , Hoberück Sebastian , Czech Norbert , Zierke Maximilian Alexander , Kossatz Susanne , Pretze Marc , Richter Frauke , Weichert Wilko , Pox Christian , Kotzerke Jörg , Notni Johannes 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo develop a new probe for the αvβ6-integrin and assess its potential for PET imaging of carcinomas.MethodsGa-68-Trivehexin was synthesized by trimerization of an optimized αvβ6-integrin selective cyclicnonapeptide on the TRAP chelator core and automated labeling with Ga-68. The tracer wascharacterized by ELISA for activities towards integrin subtypes αvβ6, αvβ8, αvβ3, and α5β1, as well asby cell binding assays on H2009 (αvβ6-positive) and MDA-MB-231 (αvβ6-negative) cells. SCID micebearing subcutaneous xenografts of the same cell lines were used for dynamic (90 min) and static(75 min p.i.) μPET imaging, as well as for biodistribution (90 min p.i.). Structure-activity-relationshipswere established by comparison with the predecessor compound Ga-68-TRAP(AvB6)3. Ga-68-Trivehexin was tested for in-human PET/CT imaging of HNSCC, parotideal adenocarcinoma, andPDAC.ResultsGa-68-Trivehexin showed a high αvβ6-integrin affinity (IC50 = 0.033 nM), selectivity over othersubtypes (IC50-based factors: αvβ8, 188; αvβ3, 82; α5β1, 667), blockable uptake in H2009 cells, andnegligible uptake in MDA-MB-231 cells. Biodistribution and preclinical PET imaging confirmed a hightarget-specific uptake in tumor and a low non-specific uptake in other organs and tissues except theexcretory organs (kidneys and urinary bladder). Preclinical PET corresponded well to in-human results,showing high and persistent uptake in metastatic PDAC and HNSCC (SUVmax = 10–13) as well as inkidneys/urine. Ga-68-Trivehexin enabled PET/CT imaging of small PDAC metastases and showed highuptake in HNSCC but not in tumor-associated inflammation.ConclusionsGa-68-Trivehexin is a valuable probe for imaging of αvβ6-integrin expression in human cancers.
Measurement of Rectal Diameter and Anterior Wall Thickness by Ultrasonography in Children With Chronic Constipation
Authors: Doğan Güzide , KEÇELİ Merter , Yavuz Sibel , Topçu Adem , Kasırga Erhun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Measurement of rectal diameter by ultrasonograpy helps the clinician in the diagnosis of chronic constipation in children for whom rectal examination cannot be performed. The aim of the study is to determine the rectal diameter and anterior wall thickness values with constipated and healthy subjects, and to evaluate the usability of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of functional constipation in children for whom refuse digital rectal examination Materials and Methods: The constipated group included 140 children, while the control group included 164 children. All patients were divided into four subgroups according to their ages and were referred to the radiology department for rectal measurements. Results: At the symphysis pubis plane the rectal diameter measurement of the constipated patients with fecal retention positive group was statistically greater than the control group. At the ischial spine plane, rectum diameter of constipated children with fecal retention positive or negative was found to be statistically greater than the control group. At the bladder neck plane rectum diameter of constipated patients with fecal retention positive was statistically greater than the control group. Rectum anterior wall thickness measurement was found to be higher in constipated patients with fecal retention positive compared to the control (p = 0.000). It’s measurements of constipated patients in group II, group III, and group IV with empty rectum were found to be statistically higher than the control group. Conclusion: Measurement of rectal diameter and anterior wall thickness by ultrasonograpy as a noninvasive method in children who do not want the digital rectal examination and may be useful in the diagnosis of constipation.
Optimization and Characterization of Bioactive Biocomposite Film Based on Orange Peel Incorporated With Gum Arabic Reinforced by Cr2O3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Ghasemizad Saba , Pirsa Sajad , Amiri Saber , Abdosatri Parisa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the effect of adding gum Arabic at levels of 0-5%, and chromium oxide nanoparticles (Cr2O3 NPs) at levels of 0-3%, are investigated on orange peel-based films. The obtained results reveal a significant increase (p<0.05) in water vapor permeability, weight loss, tensile strength, and Young's modulus of film samples by increasing the percentage of both gum and nanoparticles. Moreover, the addition of gum Arabic and Cr2O3 NPs decreases the thickness, water-solubility, L*, a*, b* indexes while increasing the elongation to the breaking point. Furthermore, the moisture content of the film samples was decreased by the addition of nanoparticles, however, the addition of gum Arabic increased this parameter. The obtained results from the morphology of the samples indicated an increase in both roughness and cracks by increasing the percentage of nanoparticles as well as creating a smooth surface with the addition of gum Arabic. Besides, the results of FTIR revealed no new peak in the prepared samples, as compared to the control sample. The results of XRD indicated that the addition of gum Arabic and nanoparticles simultaneously caused the formation of new crystals and increasing the crystallinity of the films. Based on TGA results, the thermal stability of films containing the nanoparticles increased, as compared to the control sample. In the meantime, the addition of gum and nanoparticles increased the antimicrobial properties of the film samples, as compared to the control. Overall, those films created by the orange peel including gum Arabic and Cr2O3 NPs could enhance the mechanical properties and water vapor permeability of the samples.
TyG Index Distributions and Relationship to Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Yoon Jong Seo , Shim Young Suk , Lee Hae Sang , Hwang Il Tae , Hwang Jin Soon 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to present age- and sex-specific distributions of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and to evaluate their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. A total of 7,404 participants aged 10–18 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were included as the reference population. The TyG index was calculated as ln(fasting triglyceride [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2). The percentile of the TyG index exhibited a steady linear relationship with age for both sexes. TyG index significantly correlated with waist circumference (WC) standard deviation score (SDS; r = 0.110, p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP; r = 0.104, p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; r = 0.083, p < 0.001), glucose (r = 0.220, p < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; r=-0.325, p < 0.001), and triglycerides (TG; r = 0.926, p < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the TyG index was significantly associated with WC SDS (β = 0.116, p < 0.001), SBP (β = 2.009, p < 0.001), DBP (β = 1.464, p < 0.001), glucose (β = 3.376, p < 0.001), HDL-C (β=−6.431, p < 0.001), and TG (β = 85.518, p < 0.001). Our results suggest that the TyG index has a steady linear distribution for sex and age in children and adolescents and constitutes an indicator for predicting metabolic disorders that could lead to cardiovascular disease later in life.
IGF-1/GLP-1 Signaling Activator 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-HI) Prevent Neurobehavioral and Neurochemical Defects in Methylmercury-induced Experimental Model of ALS: Insights From CSF, Blood Plasma and Brain Homogenate Samples in Rats
Authors: Shandilya Ambika , Mehan Sidharth 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most prevalent adult motor neuron disease, characterized by progressive neuromuscular atrophy, heterogeneous muscle wasting, weakness, and behavioural despair-like symptoms, which are frequently associated with cognitive impairments. The neuropathological hallmarks of MeHg-induced ALS include oligodendrocyte destruction, myelin basic protein (MBP) depletion, and white matter degeneration, which ultimately leads to demyelination and motor neuron death. Numerous research studies have demonstrated that IGF-1/GLP-1 signaling dysregulation plays a significant role in ALS progression as it triggers programmed neuronal cell death, myelin sheath destruction, demyelination, glutamate excitotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and neuroinflammation. 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-HI) is a unique bioactive amino acid derived from Trigonella foenum graecum, with insulin-mimetic and insulin-sensitizing properties in animal models. The objective of this study was to explore the neuroprotective potential of 4-HI on behavioural, molecular, neurochemical, and gross pathological alterations in MeHg-treated ALS-like rats, with a particular focus on its influence on IGF-1/GLP-1 upregulation in the brain. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of 4-HI on the concentration of myelin basic protein (MBP) in rat brain homogenate and CSF, and specific cell death markers such as caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 in rat brain homogenate and blood plasma samples. In order to investigate the neurobehavioral abnormalities, rats were evaluated for muscular strength via the grip strength test (GST), locomotor deficits using open-field task (OFT), depressive behaviour with forced swim test (FST), and spatial learning in the Morris water maze (MWM) task. Chronic oral treatment with 4-HI at doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg was given from days 22nd to 42nd of the experimental protocol to alleviate ALS-like symptoms in the MeHg model of rats. In addition to cellular, molecular, apoptotic, and neuroinflammatory assessments, neurotransmitter levels and oxidative stress indicators were examined in rat brain homogenates. The results of this study consistently show that 4-HI increases the level of neurotrophic growth factors such as IGF-1 and GLP-1 restores the altered neurochemical levels, and potentially prevents ALS-like gross pathological anomalies, including demyelination volume in the rat brain in a dose-dependent manner.
Responses of phytoplankton benthic propagules to macronutrient enrichment and varying light intensities: elucidation from monsoonal estuaries
Authors: Patil Jagadish S , Sathish K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The ecological importance of phytoplankton-benthic-propagules (PBP) from coastal sediments, except tropical-monsoonal-estuaries/coast, is well documented. Monsoonal estuaries recieves a high amount of benthic suspension (sediments, other detritus, PBP, and nutrients) due to high river-discharge during monsoon, bringing drastic changes in the environment (affecting water transparency, macronutrients concentration, and salinity), which in turn influence the plankton and phytoplankton per se. This study elucidates PBP germination and subsequent growth representing downstream, midstream, and upstream locations of monsoon-influenced Mandovi-Zuari riverine systems (Goa, India), to macronutrients (nitrate, phosphate, silicate, and in-combination) and light-intensities at higher salinity. Since, PBP, after introduction to estuary, experience higher salinity conditions with reduced river-discharge salinity of ~35 PSU was selected. Diatoms dominated the viable PBP community, but the maximum growth and sustained photosynthetic activity were observed when macronutrients were supplied in combination then individual supply. Here, the utility of the variable fluorescence technique in PBP resurrection (detection of viability and responses) was also explored. The PBP lag-period was similar for macronutrients but decreased with an increase in light-intensity. For PBP (germination and photosynthetic activity), light-intensities drive the rate of improvement/development, whereas the nutrients are essential for maintaining vegetative population upon germination. The PBP dominance of common planktonic species (Skeletonema and Thalassiosira) along the river also signifies the role of seawater intrusion in distribution. Both species are light-sensitive, responded similarly, and known to cause single species blooms and contributed significantly to the total community in the region, but on different occasions depending on the species tolerance to salinity.
Long-Term Effectiveness of the Midwifery Initiated Oral Health-Dental Service Program on Maternal Oral Health Knowledge, Preventative Dental Behaviours and the Oral Health Status Of Children In Australia
Authors: George Ajesh , Kong Ariana , Sousa Mariana , Villarosa Amy , Ajwani Shilpi , Dahlen Hannah , Bhole Sameer , Yaacoub Albert , Srini Ravi , Johnson Maree 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Early childhood caries remains a public health challenge and many interventions to manage this disease have focused on prevention during early infancy. Promoting oral health during pregnancy may also improve the oral health of children, however, there is limited evidence in Australia. The Midwifery Initiated Oral Health-Dental Service (MIOH-DS) was developed to train midwives to promote maternal oral health and a large trial showed the program substantially improved the oral health status, knowledge and behaviours of pregnant women. This study evaluated the long-term effectiveness of the program (post trial) on maternal oral health knowledge, preventative dental behaviours, and early childhood caries in offspring.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in three large metropolitan health services in Sydney, Australia. The study followed 204 women and their children three to four years after participating in the original MIOH-DS trial (intervention and control groups). The outcome measures included child dental decay (cariogenic bacteria), and a maternal oral health knowledge and behaviours questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the main outcomes and a regression model was constructed to explore predictors of dental decay among children.Results: There were no significant differences across the outcome measures between the MIOH-DS participants (mother/child) and control groups except for a small difference in maternal oral health knowledge. Most mothers across both groups demonstrated high oral health knowledge and positive oral health practices, and the regression model found that these outcomes provided a protective effect (low levels of bacteria and dental caries) among children. Some aspects of oral health remained poorly understood by mothers across both groups―the oral health impact of sugary foods and drinks, at-risk feeding practices, and the recommended age for first dental visits.Conclusions: The long-term impact of the program demonstrates the effectiveness of improving maternal oral health knowledge and preventative behaviours to reduce the risk of early childhood caries, although the specific effect of the MIOH-DS program was not found. Although oral health knowledge was high across participants the findings suggest the need for reinforced education around feeding, diet and dental visiting through postnatal early childhood services to show sustained improvements.
Less Blood Loss With Tranexamic Acid in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Using the Direct Anterior Approach: a One-center Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Zhu Xian-Ren , Wang Lei , Li Hong-Wei , Zha Guo-Chun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: It is still not known whether tranexamic acid is beneficial for the minimally invasive surgical approach to total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study seeks to investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) in primary THA via the direct anterior approach (DAA). Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on 70 patients with non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) via the DAA between October 2017 and October 2018. Patients were divided into two groups: TXA group (39 patients who did receive 1.5g TXA intravenously) and control group (31 patients who did not receive TXA). Patients were assessed by the operative time, postoperative hemoglobin (HB) drop, transfusion rate, postoperative length of hospital stays (LHS), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and Harris hip score (HHS).Results: The total blood loss, hidden blood loss, and postoperative HB drop in the TXA group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in terms of intraoperative blood loss, operation time, transfusion rate, postoperative LHS, HHS, and the incidence of DVT between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: TXA may be reduce perioperative blood loss and not increase complications, in THA via the DAA.
Recyclable Bacterial Cellulose Aerogel for Oil and Water Separation
Authors: Yan Zhuofeng , Zhu Kaixiao , Li Xiangqi , Wu Xiao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) aerogel has great potential in treating oil spill and organic pollutant. However, its inherent hydrophilicity and poor rigidity limit its practical application and recyclability. In this study, elastically compressible and high oil-absorbing aerogels were developed by freeze-drying aqueous suspensions with appropriate BC concentrations, followed by a chemical vapor deposition of methyltrimethoxysilane with ammonia as catalyst. The modified aerogel shows high water contact angle of 142° and enhanced compression resistance. The effect of BC concentration on the adsorption capacity and recyclability of aerogel has been investigated. The results show that the aerogel prepared with 0.3 wt% BC exhibits simultaneously high absorption capacity (121.8-284.1 g/g) and excellent recyclability. Futhermore, the aerogel could also separate chloroform-water mixture by gravity-driven filtration, giving the separation efficiency of 96.7 %. Therefore, this economical green aerogel provides a feasible strategy for solving oil leakage in industry.
Primary Brainstem Lymphoma: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Junyu Chen , Cen Bo , Hu Fei , Qiu Yong , Zhou Junge , MA Xiujian , Zhang Fangcheng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose. Primary brainstem lymphoma (PBSL) is rare and malignant. Understanding of this disease is lacking. We aimed to characterize clinical features, estimate survival and explore survival-related factors of PBSL.Methods. Patients with a histological diagnosis of primary lymphoma in the brainstem (C71.7) from 1975 to 2016 were retrieved from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. Log-rank tests, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to identify survival-related factors. Results. PBSL constituted 2.7% of brainstem malignancies. The median age of the PBSL patients were 59.5 years. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (n = 49, 84.5%) was the most prevalent histology among the 58 cases with reported specific lymphoma subtype. The majority of PBSLs were localized (n = 46, 52.3%), at low Ann Arbor Stage (I/II, n = 63, 70.5%), and presented as a single primary (n = 71, 80.7%). Chemotherapy was applied in 50 (56.8%) cases. Three-year overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates were 42.7% and 53.5%, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that independent predictive/prognostic factors for OS were age (P = 0.004), tumor number (P = 0.029), and chemotherapy (P = 0.001); DSS-related factors only included age (P = 0.014) and chemotherapy (P = 0.008). Conclusions. We estimated survival rates for PBSL patients. Factors associated with OS and DSS were also identified. Our findings addressed the importance of chemotherapy in treating PBSL patients.
Comparing Glucose Concentration Among Six Saliva Collection Methods In The Newly Developed Saliva Glucose Detection System
Authors: Yangyang Cui , Hangkun Zhang , Jia Zhu , Lu Peng , Zhili Duan , Tian Liu , Jiasheng Zuo , Lu Xing , Zhenhua Liao , Song Wang , Weiqiang Liu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to identify the ideal saliva collection technique and propose a newly sensitive approach to achieve daily non-invasive blood glucose monitoring for healthy people. Method: A total amount of six methods were employed for collecting saliva glucose in 20 healthy participants in the morning (9:00), before lunch (11:00), after lunch (14:00) and in the evening (17:00). Ultra-micro ultraviolet spectrophotometer was used to launch a new saliva glucose detection system in measuring the saliva glucose concentration.Results: The newly developed glucose detection system showed a statistically significant linear relationship in the range of 0.1-6 mg/dl with R2 = 0.999. Besides, the parotid saliva glucose concentration was higher than both the sublingual/submandibular saliva and the whole saliva. The parotid glucose concentration fluctuating after meal, and the sublingual/submandibular glucose concentration steady. Conclusions: The detection limit was 1/110 of the average blood glucose concentration of healthy people when fasting, which fully met the sensitivity requirements for detecting the saliva glucose concentration of healthy people. Besides, the collection method was an important factor that affected the saliva glucose concentration. The unstimulated parotid saliva glucose may be easier to reflect blood glucose concentration, which provided a reference for the evaluation of the health status of subjects and the early prediction of diabetes mellitus.