bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the disease controllability in a complex network using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Tripathi Richa , Reza Amit , Garg Dinesh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The application of machine learning (ML) techniques span a vast spectrum ranging from speech, face and character recognition, medical diagnosis, anomaly detection in data to the general classification, prediction and regression problems. In the present work, we solve the problem of predicting R0 for disease spreading on complex networks using the regression-based state-of-art ML techniques. R0 is a metric that determines whether the disease-free epidemic or an endemic state is asymptotically stable and hence indicates the controllability of the disease spread. We predict R0, based on training the ML models with structural properties of complex networks, irrespective of the network type. The prediction is possible because: (a) The structure of complex networks plays an essential role in the spreading processes on networks (b) The regression techniques such as Support Vector Regression and Artificial Neural Network Model can be very efficiently used for prediction problems, even for non-linear data. We obtained good accuracy in the prediction of R0 for the simulated networks as well as real-world networks using these techniques. Moreover, the ML model training is a one-time investment cost in terms of training time and memory, and the trained model can be used for predicting R0 on unseen/new examples of networks.
The Role of Spirituality in Symptom Experiences among Adults with Cancer
Authors: Miller Megan , Kwekkeboom Kristine , Cherwin Catherine 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
PurposeAdults with cancer experience symptoms such as pain, fatigue, depression and sleep disturbance, which can impede quality of life. Research suggests that addressing spirituality may be one route to support holistic symptom management. The purpose of this study is to explore how spirituality relates to common cancer-related symptoms (including severity, distress, and interference) among a sample of adults with cancer.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of data from N = 200 solid tumor cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Symptom experiences were assessed with a modified version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale and the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory–Interference Subscale. Spirituality was assessed using a subset of items from the Fox Simple Quality of Life Scale. A series of ordinal and linear regressions were used to examine the relationship between spirituality and symptom severity, symptom-related distress and symptom interference across four cancer-related symptoms (pain, fatigue, depression and sleep disturbance).ResultsHigher spirituality trended toward an association with lower pain severity, although results were not significant (p< .058). Higher spirituality was significantly associated with lower severity of fatigue (p < .003), depression (p< .006) and sleep disturbance (p < .004). Spirituality was not significantly associated with any of the four symptom-related distress outcomes. Higher spirituality was significantly associated with lower overall symptom interference (p < .004).DiscussionThis study highlights the role of spirituality in the experience of cancer-related symptoms. Additional research is needed among more diverse samples of people with cancer. This foundational work could lead to the development of symptom management interventions that incorporate aspects of spirituality.
Nitrogen availability controls plant carbon storage with warming
Authors: Zhou Guiyao , Terrer César , Hungate Bruce , Gestel Natasja van , Zhou Xuhui , Groenigen Kees Jan van 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Plants may slow global warming through enhanced growth, because increased levels of photosynthesis stimulate the land carbon (C) sink. However, the key drivers determining responses of plants to warming remain unclear, causing uncertainty in climate projections. Using meta- analysis, we show that the effect of experimental warming on plant biomass is best explained by soil nitrogen (N) availability. Warming-induced changes in total, aboveground and belowground biomass all positively correlated with soil C:N ratio, an indicator of soil N availability. In factorial N × warming experiments, warming increased plant biomass more strongly under low N than under high N availability. Together, these results suggest that warming stimulates plant C storage most strongly in ecosystems where N limits plant growth. Thus, incorporating the soil N status of ecosystems into Earth system models may improve predictions of future carbon-climate feedbacks.
Environmental quality and the role of economic policy uncertainty, economic complexity, renewable energy, energy intensity: the case of G7 countries
Authors: Chu Lan Khanh , Le Ngoc Thi Minh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study explores the environmental impacts of economic policy uncertainty, economic complexity, renewable energy, and energy intensity for G7 countries. To this end, the study employs Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares and fixed effect model with Driscoll and Kraay (1998) robust standard errors for a panel dataset from 1997 to 2015. The findings demonstrate a long-term relationship between interested variables and carbon dioxide emissions and ecological footprint. Specifically, high energy intensity propels environmental pollution while economic policy uncertainty and renewable energy prove effective in controlling environmental degradation. The environmental Kuznet curve of economic complexity and environmental quality holds for G7 countries. Moreover, economic policy uncertainty strongly moderates the environmental effect of renewable energy, economic complexity, and energy intensity. While economic policy uncertainty amplifies the beneficial environmental effects of renewable energy and economic complexity, it magnifies the harmful effect of energy intensity on environmental quality. These empirical outcomes allow us to draw useful implications for policymakers to mitigate the environmental degradation.
A reusable, locally manufactured, half- face respirator provides better protection than fitted disposable N95 masks: development and quantitative fit-testing comparison
Authors: Hondjeu Arnaud Romeo Mbadjeu , Ng William C. K. , Anwari Vahid , Xiao Maggie Z.X. , Rozenberg Dmitry , Kazlovich Kate , Afenu Edem Andy , Hiansen Joshua Qua , Mashari Azad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to persistent supply shortages of respiratory protective equipment in many jurisdictions. Reusable industrial respirators have been proposed and deployed as an alternative, but also face severe supply limitations. In addition, industrial respirators do not filter the user’s expired breath, a major limitation in health care settings where bidirectional protection is required. We present the development and quantitative testing of a reusable silicone respirator that can be locally manufactured using low-cost desktop infrastructure. Using standardized quantitative fit-testing (QNFT including resting and activity components according to CSA Z94.4-18) in a cohort of 41 healthcare workers (HCWs), we compared the performance of the mask to the individually-fitted disposable N95 masks that the HCWs had been assigned by our institution. Overall QNFT pass rates for disposable N95 respirators were 58.5% vs. 100% for the reusable mask. For a production run of 1000 masks, unit cost is approximately $25 CAD in materials and 35 minutes in labor per mask. The device requires further testing to assess flow resistance, carbon dioxide rebreathing, and full conformance with technical standards required for regulatory approval.
Consumption situation of Chinese medicine in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Xiaohui , Zhou Heng , Hu Qing , Zhu Yin , Cai Qiang , Ji Shen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background This cross-sectional study aimed to construct a database of Chinese medicine consumption, including the annual intake, the number of days of intake, and the daily intake of Chinese medicine, which is helpful for risk assessment and understanding of consumer trends.Methods About 40 million rows of data used in this study were derived from the hospitals in Shanghai, which contains the prescription number, the name of consumers, the date of the dispensing, the name of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), dosage, and the number of days taken. All data were stored in a MySQL database. R language was used as the main tool for statistical analysis and graphical work.Results The result shows the annual consumption, annual consumption days, and average daily consumption of 20 types of common TCMs and all TCMs consumed. The result shows Astragali radix, Coicis semen, and Danshen are the top three of consumption among the selected Chinese medicines. An easy-to-use software called the Chinese medicine consumption database (CMCD) was designed to search and download consumption data. It is built using the Shiny package in the R, is free to access on any device with an internet browser, and requires no programming knowledge to be used.Conclusions A Chinese medicine consumption database was constructed, which included the consumption situation of 20 types of common TCMs and all TCMs consumed. This database plays a pivotal role in the risk assessment of the pollutants in TCMs and the prediction of the consumption trend of TCMs.
An RNA-immunoprecipitation via CRISPR/dCas13 reveals an interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR RNA and the process of human lipid metabolism.
Authors: Shimizu Yurika , Bandaru Srinivas , Hara Mari , Young Sonny , Sano Toshikazu , Usami Kaya , Kurano Yuta , Lee Suni , Kumagai-Takei Naoko , Sano Shunji , Ito Tatsuo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We herein elucidate the function of SARS-CoV-2 derived 5'UTR in the human cells. 5'UTR bound cellular RNA was immunoprecipitated by gRNA-dCas13 targeting luciferase RNA fused to SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR in HEK293T and A549 cells. The 5'UTR bound RNA extractions were predominantly enriched for regulating lipid metabolism. Overexpression of SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR RNA altered the expression of factors known to be involved in the process of the human Mevalonate pathway. Besides, HMMG-CoA reductase inhibitors suppressed 5'UTR-mediated translation activity, which is derived from the SARS-CoV-2 model. In conclusion, we deduce the array of host RNAs interacting with SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR that drives SARS-CoV-2 translational initiation and influences metabolic pathways.
CRISPR-Cas9 Activated Graphene Biointerfaces for Capture and Real-Time Monitoring of Cell-Free DNA on a Microneedle Patch
Authors: Yang Bin , fang Xueen , Kong Jilie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recent advances in biointerfaces have led to the development of wearable devices that can provide insights into personal health. As wearable modules, microneedles (MNs) can extract analytes of interest from interstitial fluid (ISF) in a minimally invasive fashion. However, some MNs are limited by their ability to perform high-effective extraction and real-time monitoring for macromolecule biomarkers simultaneously. Herein, we explored the synergetic effect of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-activated graphene biointerfaces, and reported an on-line CRISPR wearable microneedles patch for extraction and in vivo monitoring of Epstein-Barr virus cell-free DNA (EBV CfDNA) in ISF. This wearable system can orientally capture and directly quantify unamplified ISF CfDNA in vivo within 75 min, with anti-interference ability of 60%, and has good electrochemical stability within 3 days (RSD = 9.04%). The experimental results of immunodeficient mouse models shows the feasibility and practicability of this proposed method. This wearable patch holds great promise for long-term in vivo monitoring ISF CfDNA and could be used for early disease screening and prognosis.
Injectable Methylcellulose and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel containing silver nanoparticles for their effective anti-microbial and wound healing activity in nursing care for burn injuries in children
Authors: Jiang Jianye , Han Xiaojing , Xu Huan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Currently, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was utilized for various life-saving biomedical applications. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of methylcellulose and hyaluronic acid (MC-HA) hydrogels containing AgNPs dressing materials were investigated for their wound healing efficiency to treat surgical excision wounds and the findings were studied and discussed. The effect of the ratio of AgNPs and MC-HA hydrogels on the gelation time, in vitro degradation, and equilibrium swelling of MC-HA/AgNPs hydrogels was examined. The prepared MC-HA hydrogels containing AgNPs were studied using various characterization techniques such as UV–Visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The MC-HA/AgNPs showed excellent antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. Additionally, the superior wound recovering potential of AgNPs with MC-HA hydrogels compared to conventional formulations was illustrated in vitro in animals utilizing visual observations and histological study. The MC-HA/AgNPs hydrogels showed excellent antimicrobial activity and burn wound healing. Therefore, these MC-HA hydrogels containing AgNPs have great potential medicinal applications in nursing care in children after surgery.
Clinical findings of Talaromyces marneffei infection among patients with anti-interferon-γ immunodeficiency: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Zhao-Ming , Li Zheng-Tu , Li Shao-Qiang , Guan Wei-Jie , Qiu Ye , Lei Zi-Ying , Zhan Yang-Qing , Zhou Hua , Lin Sheng , Wang Xinni , Li Zhun , Yang Feng , Zeng Wen , Lin Ye , Liu Jing , Zhang Jian-Quan , Ye Feng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) infection has been associated with adult-onset immunodeficiency due to anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies. We aimed to investigate the clinical features of non-HIV-infected patients with T. marneffei infection in southern China.Methods: Between January 2018 and September 2020, we enrolled patients aged 18 years or older who were HIV-negative. Patients were further stratified into four main groups: patients with T. marneffei infection (group 1, n=42), including anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-positive (group 1P) and anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-negative (group 1N) patients; patients with NTM infection (group 2, n=20); patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis (group 3, n=20); and healthy controls (group 4, n=40). Anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies were detected by ELISA. Clinical characteristics and clinical laboratory parameters were recorded.Results: High anti-IFN-γ autoantibody titers were found in both groups 1 and 2. Compared with anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-negative patients with T. marneffei infection, anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-positive patients did not have underlying respiratory disease; more frequently exhibited dissemination of systemic infections with severe pleural effusion; had higher WBC counts, C-reactive protein levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and neutrophil and CD8+ T cell counts; had lower hemoglobin levels; and were more likely to have other intracellular pathogen infections. However, the anti-IFN-γ autoantibody level did not correlate with the clinical disease course. Most of these patients had poor outcomes despite standardized antimicrobial therapy.Conclusion: T. marneffei-infected patients with higher anti-IFN-γ autoantibody titers have more severe disease and complex clinical conditions.
CircRNA1615 Inhibits Ferroptosis via Modulation of Autophagy by the miRNA152-3p/LRP6 Axis in Cardiomyocytes of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Rui-lin , Fan Cheng-hui , Gong Shi-yu , Kang Sheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Searching for new molecular targets of ferroptosis is gradually becoming the focus in the field of cardiovascular disease research. This study was aimed to explore the biological function and molecular mechanism of ferroptosis of circRNA modulation in cardiomyocytes of myocardial infarction (MI).Method We explored the regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of LPR6 on myocardial cell ferroptosis by establishing a model of MI in vivo and in vitro, constructed the regulatory network of circRNA-miRNA-LRP6 by the bioinformatics analysis, and focused on the biological function and molecular mechanism of circRNA1615 regulating ferroptosis in MI by the overexpression or knockdown of circRNA1615, the RIP experiments, and double luciferase reporter gene assay.Results Ferrostatin-1(ferroptosis inhibitor) can improve the pathological process of MI; LRP6 was involved in the process of ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes; LRP6 deletion regulates ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes through autophagy; Screening and identification of circRNA1615 targets LRP6; circRNA1615 inhibits ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes; circRNA1615 regulates the expression of LRP6 through sponge adsorption of miR-152-3p, and then prevent LRP6-mediated autophagy-related ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes, finally regulate the pathological process of MI.Conclusions CircRNA1615 inhibits ferroptosis via modulation of autophagy by the miRNA152-3p/LRP6 molecular axis in cardiomyocytes of myocardial infarction.
Study Structural properties of Nanocomposite (polyvinyl Alcohol\ (CdO/NiO) via Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Al-Jezbi Amatalkareem Mohammed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study deals with the synthesis of some physical properties of (CdO/NiO) nanocomposite via Sol-Gel method and their antibacterial activities. The NiO and CdO nanoxides as well as the CdO/NiO oxide mixture were prepared in five samples with different concentrations where the ratio of CdO/NiO was [(1: 0), (3: 1), (1: 1), (1: 3), (0: 1)], by using the gel solution by means of a polyvinyl alcohol solution ( PVA ). The samples were platelimb at (500̊C) for three hours. The structural properties of the prepared oxides resulting from the cracking process were studied. The XRD results showed the presence of pure cadmium oxide diffraction patterns in the sample (S 1 ) as well as pure nickel oxide in the sample (S 5 ), and confirmed the presence of the CdO / NiO oxide mixture in the samples (S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ). The results of XRD also showed, through calculations, that the specific surface area increased with increasing granular size and decreased with decreasing granular size. XRD calculations also showed that the intensity of eruptions decreased as the granular volume increased and, inversely, increased with decreasing granular size.
Acoustoelectric Current in Graphene Nanoribbon due to Landau Damping
Authors: Dompreh K. A. , Adu K.W. , Sakyi-Arthur D. , Mensah N. G. , Mensah S. Y. , Twum A , Amekpewu M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We perform self-consistent analysis of the Boltzmann transport equation for momentum and energy in the hypersound regime i.e., ql >> 1 (q is the acoustic wavenumber and l is the mean free path). Here, we investigate Landau damping of acoustic phonons (LDOAP) in graphene nanoribbon that leads to acoustoelectric current generation. Under a non-quantized field with drift velocity, we observed an acoustic phonon energy quantization which depends on the energy gap, the width and the sub-index of the material. An effect similar to Cerenkov emission was observed where the electron absorbs the confined acoustic phonons energy, causing the generation of acoustoelectric current in Graphene Nanoribbon. A qualitative analysis of the absorption and versus phonon frequency is in agreement with experimental reports. We observed a shift in the peaks when the energy gap and the drift velocity were varied. Most importantly, a transparency window appears when making graphene nanoribbon a potential candidate as an acoustic wave filter with applications in phonon spectrometers and also as tunable gate-controlled quantum information device.
Modeling the interplay between epidemics and regional socio-economics
Authors: Snellman Jan E. , Barrio Rafael A. , Kaski Kimmo K. , Käpylä Maarit J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study we present a dynamical agent-based model to investigate the interplay between the socio-economy of and SEIRS-type epidemic spreading over a geographical area, divided to smaller area districts and further to smallest area cells. The model treats the populations of cells and authorities of districts as agents, such that the former can reduce their economic activity and the latter can recommend economic activity reduction both with the overall goal to slow down the epidemic spreading. The agents make decisions with the aim of attaining as high social positions as possible relative to other agents. They evaluate their social positions based on the local and regional infection rates, compliance to the authorities’ regulations, regional drops in economic activity, and the efforts they make to mitigate the spread of epidemic. We find that the willingness of populations to comply with authorities’ recommendations has the most drastic effect to the spreading of epidemic: periodic waves spread almost unimpeded in non-compliant populations, while in compliant ones the spread is minimal with a chaotic spreading pattern and significantly lower infection rates. Health and economic concerns of agents turned out to have lesser roles, the former increasing their efforts and the latter decreasing them.
Robustly superhydrophobic polylactic acid nonwoven membranes for efficient oil/water separation
Authors: Lu Jun , Cui Chaofan , Yu Qihao , Su Juanjuan , Han Jian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Oily wastewater is an urgent issue threatening the ecosystem and human health. Superhydrophobic porous materials are widely concerned as promising candidates for effective oil/water separation and oil adsorption. However, superhydrophobic porous materials are still confronted with frustrations such as complex preparation processes and secondary pollution to the environment. Superhydrophobic porous materials with biodegradability and a relatively simple preparation process are more attractive to practical application and environmental protection. In this work, biodegradable and industrially applied polylactic acid (PLA)nonwoven materials were used as porous membranes, then PLA nanoparticles were loaded on the membrane surface to construct the hierarchical rough structure. The modified PLA nonwoven membrane (Nano-PLA) shows superhydrophobicity and efficient oil/water separation performance. Moreover, strong mechanical strength and acceptable toughness are obtained. This work offers an easily controlled and industrially used pathway for the design of robust, highly selective, and biodegradable oil/water separation materials.