bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐sectoral collaboration in business model innovation for sustainable development: Tensions and compromises
Authors: Stål Herman I. , Bengtsson Maria , Manzhynski Siarhei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCross‐sectoral collaboration is argued to be vital for business model innovation for sustainability and the tension‐filled choices it involves but brings its own complexities. We therefore investigate how institutional logics and power affect the interests and dependencies of City planners and real‐estate developers involved in developing a business model for sustainable mobility. Through analyzing how partners deal with tension‐filled choices regarding business model elements, we develop a model to explain how compromises are made in partnerships characterized by conflicting interests coupled to strong interdependencies. We finish by cautioning that conflicting interests and power characteristics may delimit the potential for such cross‐sectoral collaborations to contribute to sustainable development in sectors where public actors are used to rely on their authority.
FeSe2/CoSe2 Heterostructure with an Adjusting Electronic Structure for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Yan Cheng , Shan Hui , Yang Huijuan , Zhang Weihua , Wang ShengBao , Zhang Yulin , Qin Jian , Li Wenbin , Xiao Wei , Zhou Zhiyou , Li Xifei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCoSe2 has been a promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst due to its unique electronic configuration and metal behavior. However, the OER performance of CoSe2 is obviously limited by unexposed active sites. Herein, a FeSe2/CoSe2 heterostructure electrocatalyst is designed to increase the active sites of CoSe2 and shows an excellent electrocatalytic OER performance with an overpotential of 344 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm−2, a small Tafel slope of 42 mV dec−1, and an excellent stability of 60 h. The superior OER performance is ascribed to the electronic structure modulation of CoSe2 and the larger electrochemical surface area, which effectively increases the active sites for OER. This work provides a feasible way to prepare heterojunction electrocatalysts and enriches the OER electrocatalytic applications of transition metal‐based selenides.
Development and validation of a rapid LC‐MS/MS method for the detection of 182 novel psychoactive substances in whole blood
Authors: Giorgetti Arianna , Barone Rossella , Pelletti Guido , Garagnani Marco , Pascali Jennifer , Haschimi Belal , Auwärter Volker 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe analysis of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) represents a challenge in forensic toxicology, due to the high number of compounds characterized by different structures and physicochemical properties both among different subclasses and within a single subclass of NPS. The aim of the present work is the development and validation of a targeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method for the detection of NPS in whole blood.Materials and methodsA protein‐precipitation based LC‐MS/MS method for the detection of more than 180 NPS was developed and validated by assessing the following parameters: selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and of quantification (LOQ) recovery, and matrix effect. Then, the method was applied to real forensic samples.ResultsThe method allowed the identification of 132 synthetic cannabinoids, 22 synthetic opioids, and 28 substances among synthetic cathinones, stimulants, and other drugs. Validation was successfully achieved for most of the compounds. Linearity was in the range of 0.25–10 ng/ml for synthetic cannabinoids and 0.25–25 ng/ml for other drugs. Accuracy and precision were acceptable according to international guidelines. Three cases tested positive for fentanyl and ketamine, in the setting of emergency room administration.ConclusionsThe present methodology represents a fast, not expensive, wide‐panel method for the analysis of more than 180 NPS by LC‐MS/MS, which can be profitably applied both in a clinical context and in postmortem toxicology.
A CRISPR/Cas9 zebrafish lamin A/C mutant model of muscular laminopathy
Authors: Nicolas Hannah A. , Hua Khang , Quigley Hailey , Ivare Joshua , Tesson Frédérique , Akimenko Marie‐Andrée 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundLamin A/C gene (LMNA) mutations frequently cause cardiac and/or skeletal muscle diseases called striated muscle laminopathies. We created a zebrafish muscular laminopathy model using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to target the zebrafish lmna gene.ResultsHeterozygous and homozygous lmna mutants present skeletal muscle damage at 1 day post‐fertilization (dpf), and mobility impairment at 4 to 7 dpf. Cardiac structure and function analyses between 1 and 7 dpf show mild and transient defects in the lmna mutants compared to wild type (WT). Quantitative RT‐PCR analysis of genes implicated in striated muscle laminopathies show a decrease in jun and nfκb2 expression in 7 dpf homozygous lmna mutants compared to WT. Homozygous lmna mutants have a 1.26‐fold protein increase in activated Erk 1/2, kinases associated with striated muscle laminopathies, compared to WT at 7 dpf. Activated Protein Kinase C alpha (Pkc α), a kinase that interacts with lamin A/C and Erk 1/2, is also upregulated in 7 dpf homozygous lmna mutants compared to WT.ConclusionsThis study presents an animal model of skeletal muscle laminopathy where heterozygous and homozygous lmna mutants exhibit prominent skeletal muscle abnormalities during the first week of development. Furthermore, this is the first animal model that potentially implicates Pkc α in muscular laminopathies.
Sexual dimorphism in an adaptive radiation: Does intersexual niche differentiation result in ecological character displacement?
Authors: Wasiljew Benjamin D. , Pfaender Jobst , Wipfler Benjamin , Gabelaia Mariam , Utama Ilham Vemandra , Wantania Letha Louisiana , Herder Fabian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEvolutionary radiations are one plausible explanation for the rich biodiversity on Earth. Adaptive radiations are the most studied form of evolutionary radiations, and ecological opportunity has been identified as one factor permitting them. Competition among individuals is supposedly highest in populations of conspecifics. Divergent modes of resource use might minimize trophic overlap, and thus intersexual competition, resulting in ecological character displacement between sexes. However, the role of intersexual differentiation in speciation processes is insufficiently studied. The few studies available suggest that intersexual niche differentiation exists in adaptive radiations, but their role within the radiation, and the extent of differentiation within the organism itself, remains largely unexplored. Here, we test the hypothesis that multiple morphological structures are affected by intersexual niche differentiation in “roundfin” Telmatherina, the first case where intersexual niche differentiation was demonstrated in an adaptive fish radiation. We show that sexes of two of the three morphospecies differ in several structural components of the head, all of these are likely adaptive. Sexual dimorphism is linked to the respective morphospecies‐specific ecology and affects several axes of variation. Trait variation translates into different feeding modes, processing types, and habitat usages that add to interspecific variation in all three morphospecies. Intrasexual selection, that is, male–male competition, may contribute to variation in some of the traits, but appears unlikely in internal structures, which are invisible to other individuals. We conclude that intersexual variation adds to the adaptive diversity of roundfins and might play a key role in minimizing intersexual competition in emerging radiations.
Simultaneous Analysis of Mono‐, Di‐, Triacylglycerols, and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters in Biodiesel by Size‐Exclusion Chromatography
Authors: da Costa Roberta Perroni Marouço , de Souza Cristiane Gimenes , dos Santos Rafael Cavalcante , de Andrade Débora França , Antonio d'Avila Luiz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to develop and validate a method based on size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC) for the simultaneous determination of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), monoacylglycerols (MAG), diacylglycerols (DAG), and triacylglycerols (TAG) in biodiesel. The proposed method presents good linearity. The limits of detection are 0.26% mass for FAME, 0.02% mass for MAG, 0.01% mass for DAG, and 0.02% mass for TAG. The limits of quantification are 0.78% mass for FAME, 0.06% mass for MAG, 0.01% mass for DAG, and 0.06% mass for TAG. Accuracy evaluated by recovery yielded values ranging from 98.93% to 117.67%. Precision is evaluated by repeatability (%), which is ranged from 0.03% to 13.67%. The proposed SEC method proves effective in determining the FAME, MAG, DAG, and TAG content of standard samples, and the paired t‐test shows that the results obtained were statistically similar to the gas chromatography (GC) values. The method also has some advantages over the reference GC methods, since it obtains the content for each class analyzed, irrespective of its components. Also, it does not require derivatization, which makes it easier and also quicker (15 min) than the 60 min taken by the two reference methods, and it does not need an internal standard, which makes it cheaper.Practical Applications: Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is an efficient method for simultaneous and quantitative determination of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), monoacylglycerols (MAG), diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols (TAG). The method present itself as an alternative to reference methods (ASTM D 6584 and ABNT NBR 15764) based on gas chromatography (GC). The proposed method shows advantages compared to reference methods, once it makes possible to determine the content of each constituent class in samples, regardless of its components, what makes the peak integration easier. Beyond that, previous sample derivatization is unnecessary, what makes the method simpler, cheaper and faster (15 min) than both reference methods that demands together 60 min for analysis (ASTM D 6584 for MAG, DAGa and TAG and ABNT NBR 15764 for FAME analysis).
High‐throughput sorting of nanoliter droplets enabled by a sequentially addressable dielectrophoretic array
Authors: Loo Mun Hong , Nakagawa Yuta , Kim Soo Hyeon , Isozaki Akihiro , Goda Keisuke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDroplet microfluidics has emerged as a powerful tool for a diverse range of biomedical and industrial applications such as single‐cell analysis, directed evolution, and metabolic engineering. In these applications, droplet sorting has been effective for isolating small droplets encapsulating molecules, cells, or crystals of interest. Recently, there is an increased interest in extending the applicability of droplet sorting to larger droplets to utilize their size advantage. However, sorting throughputs of large droplets have been limited, hampering their wide adoption. Here, we report our demonstration of high‐throughput fluorescence‐activated droplet sorting of 1 nL droplets using an upgraded version of the sequentially addressable dielectrophoretic array (SADA), which we reported previously. The SADA is an array of electrodes that are individually and sequentially activated/deactivated according to the speed and position of a droplet passing nearby the array. We upgraded the SADA by increasing the number of driving electrodes constituting the SADA and incorporating a slanted microchannel. By using a ten‐electrode SADA with the slanted microchannel, we achieved fluorescence‐activated droplet sorting of 1 nL droplets at a record high throughput of 1752 droplets/s, twice as high as the previously reported maximum sorting throughput of 1 nL droplets.
A comprehensive review of FET‐based pH sensors: materials, fabrication technologies, and modeling
Authors: Sinha Soumendu , Pal Tapas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe demand for miniaturized point‐of‐care chemical/biochemical sensors has driven the development of field‐effect transistors (FETs) based pH sensors over the last 50 years. This paper aims to review the fabrication technologies, device structures, sensing film materials, and modeling techniques utilized for FET‐based pH sensors. We present the governing principles of potentiometric sensors, with major focus on the working principles of ion‐sensitive FETs (ISFETs). We extensively review different sensing film materials deposited by various techniques, which is critical to the sensing performance of ISFETs. The popular fabrication technologies have been presented, with special emphasis on state‐of‐the‐art silicon‐on‐insulator based technology, which can achieve high sensitivity by utilizing the dual‐gate effect. Furthermore, recent advancements in nano‐ISFETs has been elucidated. We also discuss the adoption of unmodified complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) ISFETs using standard CMOS processes, which has enabled the fabrication of integrated ISFET arrays, which are especially suited for ion‐imaging applications. Moreover, recent developments in extended‐gate FETs has been discussed, which have gained lot of attention due to their design flexibility and ease of fabrication, which is desirable for wearable sensing applications. In addition, recently there have been efforts to utilize nonsilicon channel materials for pH‐sensing application to obtain superior performance and various channel materials have been reviewed. Finally, we have extensively reviewed the ISFET device modeling and simulation techniques using various computer‐aided design tools, which aid in sensor design and characterization.
Optimization on jet‐induced ventilation to enhance the uniformity of airflow distribution in data center
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Niu Baolian , Zhang Zhongbin , Shi Min 
Published: October 2021

AbstractImproving the utilization efficiency of cold airflow in data center (DC) has already attracted widespread concern. A broad consensus has been reached that cold/hot‐aisle containment technologies can reduce the mixture of cold and hot air to weaken the overheating phenomenon of the rack in a certain extent. However, local hot spots still occur in the front racks due to lower tile flow rate at the entrance of the cold aisle, which means the thermal environment of front racks can be further improved to achieve the more uniform airflow distribution horizontally and vertically in DC. In this paper, an innovative method of airflow optimization applying jet fans in the cold aisles is proposed to make up the lower tile flow rate, adjust the flow path of cold air from the perforated tiles to racks, and balance temperature heterogeneity. In addition, inductive velocity, nozzle height, horizontal position, and attachment distance of jet fans are optimized to explore the optimal parameters. Results show that the incorporation of jet‐induced ventilation can effectively improve the cooling performance and overall thermal environment in DC, while the amount of IT equipment that exceeded the ASHRAE recommended supply air temperature (SAT) is reduced by about 38%. The jet fan with optimal parameters has a broad application space in the raised floor DC.
Novel green soybean shuidouchi fermented by Bacillus velezensis with multibioactivities
Authors: Liu Hong , Luo Shen , Liu Jun , Yan Qiaojuan , Yang Shaoqing , Jiang Zhengqiang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSoybeans are usually fermented by Bacillus subtilis to produce shuidouchi, which is a traditional fermentation soybean product in China. In the study, green soybeans were fermented by Bacillus velezensis to make a novel green soybean shuidouchi with multibioactivities. The processing conditions were optimized as follows: initial moisture content 75%, inoculum concentration 7 log CFU/g, and incubation time 24 h for prefermentation; water addition 50%, salt addition 6%, temperature 45°C, 3 days for postfermentation. The fermented green soybean shuidouchi (FGSS) showed 234.8 FU/g dry weight (DW) for the fibrinolytic activity and IC50 of 0.33 mg/ml for the anticoagulant activity. FGSS had higher contents of chemical components including 3.6 mg rutin (RE)/g DW of total flavonoids, 8.2 mg gallic acid (GAE)/g DW of total phenolics, 63.7 mg/g DW of reducing sugars, and 163.8 mg/g DW of peptides than the unfermented green soybean shuidouchi (UGSS). Moreover, it exhibited high antioxidant activities of 29.8, 85.1 μmol trolox equivalent (TE)/g DW, and 12.8 μmol Fe2+/g DW through 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) experiments. Thus, a novel green soybean shuidouchi fermented by B. velezensis owing to multibioactivities can provide a theoretical basis for the further development of functional shuidouchi.
No mission? No motivation. On hospitals' organizational form and charity care provision
Authors: Burani Nadia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA healthcare provider faces two decision problems. On the one hand, it chooses its organizational form: a hospital can be a for‐profit institution providing compensated care only, or it can be a nonprofit organization whose mission is enhancing access to care for uninsured, low‐income patients. On the other hand, the provider chooses which health professionals to hire, without observing their heterogeneous skills and their pro‐social motivation. These decisions are related because an increase in the percentage of revenues, that the nonprofit hospital sacrifices for charity care, might enhance the motivation of its workers and induce some of them to donate their labor, that is, to volunteer. Accordingly, this article analyzes the provider's optimal screening contracts, which are contingent on workers' ability and satisfy limited liability, and relates them to the optimal choice of its mission‐orientation. The results provide a new rationale for: the emergence of different organizational forms for hospitals, such as for‐profits and nonprofits, which complement public hospitals in the provision of health care, the heterogeneity in the degree of charity care chosen by different nonprofit hospitals.
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Authors: Han Xiaotong , Li Nannan , Xiong Peixun , Jung Min Gyu , Kang Yingbo , Dou Qingyun , Liu Qing , Lee Jin Yong , Park Ho Seok 
Published: October 2021

Electronically coupled metallic hybrids of layered double hydroxide nanosheets/MXene quantum dots are designed for high‐performance flexible Zn‐air batteries. (DOI: 10.1002/inf2.12226)
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Impact of a clinical pharmacist in an outpatient heart transplant clinic
Authors: Prom Alyson , Ricciuti Domenica , Walter Krysta , Newman Jessica , Doligalski Christina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionPharmacotherapy‐related prevention of cardiac allograft vasculopathy, optimal immunosuppression regimens, and metabolic management are essential for promotion of graft survival in heart transplant recipients.MethodsFollowing the addition of an ambulatory clinical pharmacist to the heart transplant team at an academic medical center in January 2018, we sought to assess the impact of pharmacist integration on pharmacotherapy‐related clinical outcomes including goal blood pressure, diabetes control, appropriate statin and aspirin utilization, tacrolimus variability, and patient and graft outcomes at 1 year postheart transplant via a retrospective pre‐post analysis.ResultsFifty‐nine heart transplant recipients were included. At 1 year, the pharmacist cohort had a higher percentage of heart transplant recipients at goal blood pressure (93.1 vs 71.4%, P = .03), on a statin (96.7 vs 67.9%, P = .004), and with fewer 1 year hospital readmissions (55 vs 28, P = .03); no significant differences in HbA1c, aspirin use, tacrolimus level variability, or patient and graft survival were observed.DiscussionThis analysis suggests that the integration of a pharmacist into the routine ambulatory care of heart transplant recipients is associated with improvement in several pharmacotherapy‐related clinical outcomes.
Establishing an internal quality control method for the stable extraction of nucleic acids of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and RT‐PCR‐based detection
Authors: Okuyama Takahiro , Ohtsuka Kouki , Ogura Wataru , Yonetani Shota , Yamasaki Satoko , Miyagi Hiroyuki , Sekiguchi Kumiko , Ohnishi Hiroaki , Watanabe Takashi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), is detected using real‐time RT‐PCR. However, there are limitations pertaining to quality control, particularly with respect to establishing quality control measures for extraction of viral nucleic acids. Here, we investigated the quality control measures for the various processes using an extrinsic quality control substance and quality control charts.MethodsAn extrinsic quality control substance was added to the sample, and then, real‐time RT‐PCR was performed. Samples with negative test results and the corresponding data were analyzed; a quality control chart was created and examined.ResultsData analysis and the quality control charts indicated that SARS‐CoV‐2 could be reliably detected using real‐time RT‐PCR, even when different nucleic acid extraction methods were used or when different technicians were employed.ConclusionWith the use of quality control substances, it is possible to achieve quality control throughout the process—from nucleic acid extraction to nucleic acid detection—even upon using varying extraction methods. Further, generating quality control charts would guarantee the stable detection of SARS‐CoV‐2.
Clients' and therapists' experiences of five general change mechanisms during an Internet‐based cognitive behavioral intervention for family caregivers
Authors: Theurer Christina , Wilz Gabriele , Lechner‐Meichsner Franziska 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesDespite its efficacy, little is known about what makes Internet‐based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) effective. We, therefore, analyze participants' and therapists' experiences of Grawe's five general change mechanisms (alliance, resource activation, clarification, problem actuation, mastery) during an iCBT intervention for family dementia caregivers, and how their experiences were related to treatment outcomes.MethodParticipants (N = 30) exchanged eight weekly messages with a therapist via an Internet platform. We used the Bern Post Session Report to assess participants' and therapists' experiences of the general change mechanisms after each session.ResultsTreatment outcomes were associated with therapists' overall experiences of alliance, clarification, and mastery. Participants experienced more problem actuation than therapists. Only participants' and therapists' experiences of clarification over time differed.ConclusionsGrawe's general change mechanisms are also relevant for iCBT. We recommend considering Grawe's framework when designing Internet‐based therapeutic interventions and when training therapists to deliver such interventions.