bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poststroke Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Saraiva Rodrigo , Proença Filipa , Gonçalves Maria , Sereijo Carolina , Barandas Rita , Coentre Ricardo , Levy Pedro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Various diseases that impact different systems and organs in the body may trigger manic episodes. Strokes are often associated with psychiatric symptoms, particularly depressive and, more rarely, manic. We herein report a case of bipolar disorder secondary to cerebrovascular disease in a 67-year-old man with no personal or family history of psychiatric illness who, at the age of 64, had a bilateral ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory. About 20 days after this stroke, he experienced a manic episode. Three years later, he experienced a second manic episode, with another hospitalization in a psychiatric ward. With this case, we intend to emphasize that, although rare, the diagnosis of mania after stroke should not be forgotten, and most important, one should be aware of the recurrence of affective episodes just as in non–medical-caused bipolar disorder.
Too Young for Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney? A Case Report With Review of Differential Considerations
Authors: Russell Daniel Hugh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) comprises 3% of all childhood renal cancers. Accurate diagnosis is vital for appropriate therapy, which results in a 70% to 90% overall survival rate in this previously lethal tumor. Renowned for its ability to mimic and be mimicked by every other pediatric renal tumor, and even some extrarenal retroperitoneal tumors, CCSK has a unique metastatic pattern and molecular aberrations, as well as a generally consistent clinical presentation which is of great utility in the differential. A case of CCSK in a 4-month-old boy is presented, only the fifth case reported in a patient younger than 6 months.
Composite Renal Cell Carcinoma and Angiomyolipoma: A Rare Case and Possible Diagnostic Pitfalls
Authors: Dehner Carina , Sehn Jennifer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Angiomyolipomas are benign renal neoplasms commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (Semin Diagn Pathol 1998;15(1):21–40). However, angiomyolipoma with concurrent renal cell neoplasia is very uncommon, with fewer than 50 reported cases. Even less common is direct admixture of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and angiomyolipoma within 1 tumor mass, with only rare possible cases reported in the literature. A multi-institutional study of 36 cases of synchronous renal cell neoplasm and angiomyolipoma found that clear cell RCC was the most common concurrent cancer in patients with sporadic or tuberous sclerosis-associated angiomyolipoma; angiomyolipoma in these cases was incidental (Mod Pathol 2001;14(3):157–163). Here, we report the exceptionally uncommon occurrence of a composite RCC and angiomyolipoma, occurring as an intimate admixture within a single tumor mass.
Uterine Sarcoma With a Novel WWOX-NTRK2 Fusion in a Postmenopausal Woman With Li-Fraumeni–Like Syndrome: A Case That Expands the Spectrum of NTRK-Rearranged Uterine Tumors
Authors: Moh Michelle , Johnson Colin M. , Geurts Jennifer , Bishop Erin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

NTRK-rearranged tumors are being increasingly recognized and targeted with TRK inhibitor therapies. A novel NTRK2 fusion–positive uterine sarcoma arising in a patient with Li-Fraumeni–like syndrome is described in this article.
Perioperative Safety of Combined Augmentation-Mastopexy
Authors: Ali Barkat , Choi EunHo Eunice , Barlas Venus , Nuzzi Laura , Morrell Nathan T. , Labow Brian , Borah Gregory , Taghinia Amir 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
The safety of combined augmentation-mastopexy is controversial. This study evaluates a national database to analyze the perioperative safety of combined augmentation-mastopexy to either augmentation or mastopexy alone.

Methods
The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried to identify patients undergoing augmentation mammaplasty and mastopexy from 2005 to 2018. The patients were divided into the following groups: group I, augmentation; group II, mastopexy; group III, combined augmentation-mastopexy. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared. Outcomes were 30-day complications, reoperation, and readmission.

Results
We found 5868 (74.2%) augmentation only, 1508 (19.1%) mastopexy only and 534 (6.6%) combined augmentation-mastopexy cases. Mean operative time was highest among the combined group at 129 minutes compared with 127 minutes for mastopexy alone and 66 minutes for augmentation alone (P < 0.01). Rates of any complications and readmission were different among groups (0.8% vs 2.5% vs 1.5% respectively, P < 0.01 and 0.7% vs 1.5% vs 1.5% respectively, P = 0.049), whereas reoperation was not statistically different (1.2% vs 1.4% vs 1.5%, P = 0.75). The incidence of dehiscence (0.6%; P < 0.01) was highest in the combined group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis did not reveal an increased odds of complications, reoperation, or readmission with combined augmentation-mastopexy.

Conclusions
An evaluation of the nationwide cohort suggests that combined augmentation-mastopexy is a safe procedure in the perioperative period.
Cachexia and bladder cancer: clinical impact and management
Authors: Lokeshwar Soum D. , Press Benjamin H. , Nie James , Klaassen Zachary , Kenney Patrick A. , Leapman Michael S. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to describe the causes, management, and clinical outcomes associated with cachexia and related components including sarcopenia, among patients with bladder cancer (BCa).

Recent findings
Cachexia in patients with BCa is associated with poorer outcomes after radical cystectomy (RC), radiation, and chemotherapy. Nutritional supplements and novel pharmaceutical agents including magnolol, flucoidan and Anamorelin are currently undergoing investigation for their potential use in BCa patients with cachexia.

Summary
Cachexia is a hypercatabolic state thought to be caused by an immune-regulated release of cytokines and disruptions of molecular pathways within the tumor microenvironment and systemically. Nutritional deficiencies in patients with BCa also contribute to cachexia and sarcopenia. Patients with BCa -related cachexia and sarcopenia experience worse survival and therapeutic outcomes after RC, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Patients with cachexia also experience more postoperative complications after RC. The management of cachexia in patients with BCa remains challenging and requires timely identification, and multidisciplinary management including nutritional supplementation, physical therapy, palliative care, and pharmacological agents. Clinical trials and human studies are still required to determine which pharmacological agents are optimal for BCa cachexia.
Integrated Genomic Surveillance reveals extensive onward transmission of travel-imported SARS-CoV-2 infections in the community
Authors: Houwaart Torsten , Belhaj Samir , Tawalbeh Emran , Nagels Dirk , Finzer Patrick , Fröhlich Yara , Benmoumene Assia , Asskali Dounia , Haidar Hussein , von Dahlen Janina , Nicolai Jessica , Stiller Lisa , Blum Jacqueline , Lange Christian , Adelmann Carla , Schroer Britta , Osmers Ute , Grice Christiane , Kirfel Phillipp P. , Jomaa Hassan , Strelow Daniel , Hülse Lisanna , Pigulla Moritz , Kreuzer Pascal , Tyshaieva Alona , Weber Jonas , Wienemann Tobias , Vasconcelos Malte Kohns , Hoffmann Katrin , Lübke Nadine , Hauka Sandra , Andree Marcel , Jürgen Scholz Claus , Jazmati Nathalie , Göbels Klaus , Zotz Rainer , Pfeffer Klaus , Timm Jörg , Ehlkes Lutz , Walker Andreas , Dilthey Alexander T. ,   German COVID-19 OMICS Initiative (DeCOI)
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntegration of genomic surveillance with contact tracing provides a powerful tool for the reconstruction of person-to-person pathogen transmission chains. We report two large clusters of SARS-CoV-2 cases (“Delta” clade, 110 cases combined) detected in July 2021 by Integrated Genomic Surveillance in Düsseldorf. Structured interviews and deep contact tracing demonstrated an association to a single SARS-CoV-2 infected return traveller (Cluster 1) and to return travel from Catalonia and other European countries (Cluster 2), highlighting the importance of containing travel-imported SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Genome-wide rare variant score associates with morphological subtypes of autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Chan Ada J.S. , Engchuan Worrawat , Reuter Miriam S. , Wang Zhuozhi , Thiruvahindrapuram Bhooma , Trost Brett , Nalpathamkalam Thomas , Negrijn Carol , Lamoureux Sylvia , Pellecchia Giovanna , Patel Rohan , Sung Wilson W.L. , MacDonald Jeffrey R. , Howe Jennifer L. , Vorstman Jacob , Sondheimer Neal , Takahashi Nicole , Miles Judith H. , Anagnostou Evdokia , Tammimies Kristiina , Zarrei Mehdi , Merico Daniele , Stavropoulos Dimitri J. , Yuen Ryan K.C. , Fernandez Bridget A. , Scherer Stephen W. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDefining different genetic subtypes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can enable the prediction of developmental outcomes. Based on minor physical and major congenital anomalies, we categorized 325 Canadian children with ASD into dysmorphic and nondysmorphic subgroups. We developed a method for calculating a patient-level, genome-wide rare variant score (GRVS) from whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. GRVS is a sum of the number of variants in morphology-associated coding and non-coding regions, weighted by their effect sizes. Probands with dysmorphic ASD had a significantly higher GRVS compared to those with nondysmorphic ASD (P= 0.027). Using the polygenic transmission disequilibrium test, we observed an over-transmission of ASD-associated common variants in nondysmorphic ASD probands (P= 2.9×10−3). These findings replicated using WGS data from 442 ASD probands with accompanying morphology data from the Simons Simplex Collection. Our results provide support for an alternative genomic classification of ASD subgroups using morphology data, which may inform intervention protocols.
Cerebrospinal fluid purinomics as a biomarker approach to predict outcome after severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Strogulski Nathan Ryzewski , Stefani Marco Antonio , Böhmer Ana Elisa , Hansel Gisele , Rodolphi Marcelo S. , Kopczynski Afonso , de Oliveira Vitória Girelli , Stefani Eduarda Tanus , Portela Juliana Vinadé , Schmidt André P. , Oses Jean Pierre , Smith Douglas H. , Portela Luis V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSevere traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with high rates of mortality and long-term disability linked to neurochemical abnormalities. Although purine-derivatives play important roles in TBI pathogenesis in preclinical models, little is known about potential changes in purine levels and their implications in human TBI. We assessed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of purines in severe TBI patients as potential biomarkers that predict mortality and long-term dysfunction. This was a cross-sectional study performed in 17 severe TBI patients (Glasgow Coma Scale < 8) and 51 controls. Two to four hours after admission to ICU, patients were submitted to ventricular drainage, and CSF collection for quantification of adenine and guanine purine-derivatives by HPLC. TBI patients survival was followed up to 3 days from admission. A neurofunctional assessment was performed through modified Rankin Scale (mRS) two years after ICU admission. Purine levels were compared between control and TBI patients, and between surviving and non-surviving patients. Relative to controls, TBI patients presented increased CSF levels of GDP, guanosine, adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine. Further, GTP, GDP, IMP, and xanthine levels were different between surviving and non-surviving patients. Among the purines, guanosine was associated with improved mRS (p=0.042; r= −0.506). Remarkably, GTP displayed predictive value (AUC=0.841, p=0.024) for discriminating survival vs. non-survival patients up to three days from admission. These results support TBI-specific purine signatures, suggesting GTP as a promising biomarker of mortality, and guanosine as an indicator of long-term functional disability.HighlightsCSF levels of guanosine, GDP, adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine are increased in severe TBI patients.GTP, GDP, IMP and xanthine levels were different between surviving and non-surviving patients.Guanosine was associated to improved neurological outcomes two years after TBI.CSF GTP levels at admission predicted patient death.
Seroprevalence, prevalence, and genomic surveillance: monitoring the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Betim, Brazil
Authors: Gilson Silva Ana Valesca Fernandes , Menezes Diego , Moreira Filipe Romero Rebello , Torres Octavio Alcântara , Fonseca Paula Luize Camargos , Moreira Rennan Garcias , Alves Hugo José , Alves Vivian Ribeiro , de Resende Amaral Tania Maria , Coelho Adriano Neves , Saraiva Duarte Júlia Maria , da Rocha Augusto Viana , de Almeida Luiz Gonzaga Paula , de Araújo João Locke Ferreira , de Oliveira Hilton Soares , de Oliveira Nova Jersey Claudio , de Sá Camila Zolini , de Sousa Jôsy Hubner , de Souza Elizângela Gonçalves , de Souza Rafael Marques , de Lima Ferreira Luciana , Gerber Alexandra Lehmkuhl , de Campos Guimarães Ana Paula , Maia Paulo Henrique Silva , Marim Fernanda Martins , Miguita Lucyene , Monteiro Cristiane Campos , Neto Tuffi Saliba , Pugêdo Fabricia Soares Freire , Queiroz Daniel Costa , Cuzzuol Queiroz Damares Nigia Alborguetti , Resende-Moreira Luciana Cunha , Santos Franciele Martins , Souza Erika Fernanda Carlos , Voloch Carolina Moreira , Vasconcelos Ana Tereza , de Aguiar Renato Santana , de Souza Renan Pedra 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented need for epidemiological monitoring using diverse strategies. We conducted a project combining prevalence, seroprevalence, and genomic surveillance approaches to describe the initial pandemic stages in Betim City, Brazil. We collected 3239 subjects in a population-based age-, sex- and neighbourhood-stratified, household, prospective; cross-sectional study divided into three surveys 21 days apart sampling the same geographical area. In the first survey, overall prevalence (participants positive in serological or molecular tests) reached 0.46% (90% CI 0.12% – 0.80%), followed by 2.69% (90% CI 1.88% – 3.49%) in the second survey and 6.67% (90% CI 5.42% - 7.92%) in the third. The underreporting reached 11, 19.6, and 20.4 times in each survey, respectively. We observed increased odds to test positive in females compared to males (OR 1.88 95% CI 1.25 – 2.82), while the single best predictor for positivity was ageusia/ anosmia (OR 8.12, 95% CI 4.72 – 13.98). Thirty-five SARS-CoV-2 genomes were sequenced, of which 18 were classified as lineage B.1.1.28, while 17 were B.1.1.33. Multiple independent viral introductions were observed. Integration of multiple epidemiological strategies was able to describe Covid-19 dispersion in the city adequately. Presented results have helped local government authorities to guide pandemic management.
Reproducible neuroimaging features for diagnosis of Autism spectrum disorder with machine learning
Authors: Mellema Cooper J. , Nguyen Kevin P. , Treacher Alex , Montillo Albert 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the fourth most common neurodevelopmental disorder, with a prevalence of 1 in 160 children. Accurate diagnosis relies on experts, but such individuals are scarce. This has led to increasing interest in the development of machine learning (ML) models that can integrate neuroimaging features from functional and structural MRI (fMRI and sMRI) to measure alterations manifest in ASD. We optimized and compared the performance of 12 of the most popular and powerful ML models. Each was separately trained using 15 different combinations of fMRI and sMRI features and optimized with an unbiased model search. Deep learning models predicted ASD with the highest diagnostic accuracy and generalized well to other MRI datasets. Our model achieves state-of-the-art 80% area under the ROC curve (AUROC) in diagnosis on test data from the IMPAC dataset; and 86% and 79% AUROC on the external ABIDE I and ABIDE II datasets. The highest performing models identified reproducible putative biomarkers for accurate ASD diagnosis in accord with known ASD markers as well as novel cerebellum biomarkers. Such reproducibility lends credence to their tremendous potential for defining and using a set of truly generalizable ASD biomarkers that will advance scientific understanding of neuronal changes in ASD.
Occupational versus community risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among employees of a long-term care facility: an observational study
Authors: Lenggenhager L. , Martischang R. , Sauser J. , Perez M. , Vieux L. , Graf C. , Cordey S. , Laubscher F. , Nunes T. Robalo , Zingg Walter , Cori A. , Harbarth S. , Abbas M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe investigated the relative contribution of occupational (vs. community) exposure for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among employees of a university-affiliated long-term care facility (LTCF), during the 1stpandemic wave in Switzerland (March to June 2020).MethodsWe performed a nested analysis of a seroprevalence study among all volunteering LTCF staff to determine community and nosocomial risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity using modified Poison regression. We also combined epidemiological and genetic sequencing data from a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak investigation in a LTCF ward to infer transmission dynamics and acquisition routes of SARS-CoV-2, and evaluated strain relatedness using a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree.ResultsAmong 285 LTCF employees, 176 participated in the seroprevalence study, of whom 30 (17%) were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2. Most (141/176, 80%) were healthcare workers (HCWs). Risk factors for seropositivity included exposure to a COVID-19 inpatient (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 2.6; 95%CI 0.9-8.1) and community contact with a COVID-19 case (aPR 1.7; 95%CI 0.8-3.5). Among 18 employees included in the outbreak investigation, the outbreak reconstruction suggests 4 likely importation events by HCWs with secondary transmissions to other HCWs and patients.ConclusionsThese two complementary epidemiologic and molecular approaches suggest a substantial contribution of both occupational and community exposures to COVID-19 risk among HCWs in LTCFs. These data may help to better assess the importance of occupational health hazards and related legal implications during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Leptospira infection in rural areas of Urabá region, Colombia: a prospective study
Authors: Quintero-Vélez Juan C. , Rodas G Juan D. , Rojas A Carlos , Ko Albert I. , Wunder Elsio A. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to analyze the eco-epidemiological aspects of Leptospira seroprevalence and seroincidence, and its associated factors in two municipalities of northwest Colombia. A prospective study was performed in rural areas of Urabá, Antioquia, Colombia. The study enrolled 597 people between November-2015 and January-2016, of which 274 people were followed up one year later. Serologic testing was performed by a microscopic agglutination. The outcomes were seroprevalent and seroincident cases, and the main exposure was an outdoor occupation. A binary and mixed-effect multinomial logistic regression model was used to estimate factors associated with seroprevalent or seroincident cases of Leptospira infection. The overall Leptospira seroprevalence was 27.81% (95%CI:23.62-32.49) and the overall cumulative seroincidence for Leptospira was 14.60% (95%CI:10.33–20.23). Multivariable analysis showed that factors associated with L. interrogans serogroups seropositivity were outdoor occupation, male gender, older age, the presence of dirt soil in the household, and the presence of piglets and opossums. It also showed that factors associated with other Leptospira species serogroups were the presence of pit latrines and of turkeys. In addition, the multivariable model of seroincident cases of L. interrogans serogroups evidenced outdoor occupations, the presence of rats, and corn cultivation as risk factors. Likewise, the multivariable model for seroincident cases of other Leptospira species showed that the presence of hunting canines and cassava cultivation were risk factors. We found specific factors associated with the transmission of Leptospira serogroups contribute to the understanding of the epidemiology of Leptospira infection in rural areas of Urabá, Colombia.AUTHOR SUMMARYMore than one million cases of leptospirosis occur each year, and about 60,000 people die of the disease worldwide. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease imparting its heaviest burden on resource-poor populations. It is also a major cause of economic loss in farm animals causing fetal infections, abortion, stillbirths, infertility, and increased culling rate. Leptospires also contaminate surface waters and survive in mud and moist soils, facilitating transmission among hosts. This complex cycle of transmission makes the disease a suitable model for a one-health approach. This is a prospective study conducted in rural areas of Colombia aimed at identifying the factors associated with seroprevalent and seroincident Leptospira cases. In addition, the results showed that the presence of synanthropic and domestic animals, the characteristics of household materials, and individual variables were factors associated with Leptospira seropositivity. This study clarifies the epidemiology of Leptospira infection and could improve the surveillance program in Colombia, especially in rural areas.
Main COVID-19 information sources in a culturally and linguistically diverse community in Sydney, Australia: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Ayre J , Muscat DM , Mac O , Batcup C , Cvejic E , Pickles K , Dolan H , Bonner C , Mouwad D , Zachariah D , Turalic U , Santalucia Y , Chen T , Vasic G , McCaffery KJ 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundLittle is known about COVID-19 information-seeking experiences for culturally and linguistically diverse groups in Australia.MethodsParticipants were recruited using a cross-sectional survey from March 21 to July 9, 2021, translated into 11 languages, and with supporting bilingual staff. Linear regression models identified factors associated with difficulty finding easy-to-understand COVID-19 information.ResultsAcross 708 participants (88% born overseas, 31% poor English proficiency), difficulty finding easy-to-understand COVID-19 information was rated 4.13 for English materials (95%CI: 3.85 to 4.41) and 4.36 for translated materials (95%CI: 4.07 to 4.66) (1 easy to 10 hard). Participants who were older (p<0.001), had inadequate health literacy (Mean Difference (MD)=-1.43, 95%CI -2.03 to - 0.82, p<0.001), or poor English proficiency (MD=-1.9, 95%CI-2.51 to -1.29, p<0.001) found it harder to find easy-to-understand English-language COVID-19 information. Those who had greater difficulty finding easy-to-understand translated COVID-19 information were younger (p=0.004), had poor English proficiency (MD=-1.61, 95%CI -2.29 to -0.9, p<0.001), university education (MD=0.77, 95%CI 0.00 to 1.53, p=0.05), and had spent longer living in Australia (p=0.001). They were more likely to rely on friends and family for COVID-19 information (p=0.02). There was significant variation in information-seeking experiences across language groups (p’s<0.001).ConclusionsEasy-to-understand and accessible COVID-19 information is needed to meet the needs of people in culturally and linguistically diverse communities. This approach should involve working alongside these communities to tailor messages and leverage existing communication channels.