bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The preparation of MnO2-doped NaNbO3-based lead-free ceramics with enhanced energy storage performance and attractive electrocaloric effect
Authors: Zhang Tao , Karaki Tomoaki , Fujii Tadashi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
MnO2-doped 0.955NaNbO3-0.045La(Nb1/3Mg2/3)O3 ceramics were prepared through a conventional method. The effects of MnO2 amount on the dielectric property, and the phase transition behavior and energy storage performance were studied. The introduction of MnO2 can obviously improve sintering performance and effectively stabilize anti-ferroelectric phase, accompanied with the variation of phase transition temperature. An enhanced recoverable energy storage density of 2.63 J·cm−3 with efficiency of 66.8% was obtained at RT when 1.5% MnO2 was applied. This sample also demonstrated attractive thermal stability in energy storage from 30 °C–90 °C. In addition, the coexistence of positive and negative electrocaloric effect was observed due to the emergence of anti-ferroelectric phase. A further advantage of the thermal hysteresis phenomenon possesses abilities to enhance dielectric and energy storage properties. This will contribute to the promotion of NaNbO3-based lead-free dielectric capacitors.
ASPECTS OF THE MENTAL STATUS OF TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT GENDER CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Мартышова Ольга Сергеевна , Великая Ольга Викторовна , Лушникова Анна Владимировна , Хмыз Инна Сергеевна , Семиколенова Валерия Александровна 
Published: September 2021

Целью работы стало изучение психического статуса больных туберкулезом с учетом гендерных особенностей. Туберкулез - актуальная проблема здравоохранения во всем мире, Российская Федерация остается страной с высоким бременем по туберкулезу. Закономерности формирования картины болезни, а также различные типы психического реагирования лиц женского пола и мужского на своё заболевание сочетаются в клинике со специфическими особенностями психического состояния, характером реагирования на течение заболевания, процесс лечения, реабилитацию и, как следствие, исход. Психическими особенностями женщин по поводу восприятия своего заболевания являются тревожность, страх и выраженный эмоциональный окрас, что в свою очередь снижает комплаентность «врач-пациент». Специфическими особенностями мужчин являются возможность сформировать конструктивный тип отношения к своему заболеванию. Независимо от половой принадлежности у больных туберкулезом имеются различного рода страхи, которые вызывают изменение в организме, его психическом статусе. Сам диагноз туберкулез является психотравмирующим фактором для пациента. Помощь в социально-психологической адаптации, индивидуальный подход к каждому пациенту способствуют формированию доверительных отношений между врачом и пациентом, что в свою очередь приводит к повышению приверженности пациента к лечению и повышению ее эффективности
The aim of the work was to study the mental status of patients with tuberculosis, taking into account gender characteristics. Tuberculosis is an urgent health problem worldwide, and the Russian Federation remains a country with a high burden of tuberculosis. Regularities of formation of the pattern of illness, and various types of psychological responses of women and men with their disease combined in the clinic with the specific features of mental States, the nature of the response to the disease, process of treatment, rehabilitation and, consequently, outcome. Mental characteristics of women about the perception of their disease are anxiety, fear and a pronounced emotional color, which in turn reduces the compliance of the "doctor-patient". Specific features of men are the ability to form a constructive type of attitude to their disease. Regardless of gender, tuberculosis patients have various kinds of fears that cause changes in the body, its mental status. The very diagnosis of tuberculosis is a psychotraumatic factor for the patient. Assistance in social and psychological adaptation, individual approach to each patient contribute to the formation of a trusting relationship between the doctor and the patient, which in turn leads to an increase in the patient's commitment to treatment and increase its effectiveness
KERAGAAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN, PERSEPSI DAN RESPON PESERTA TEMU TEKNIS PENELITI-PENYULUH BALITBANGTAN DAN PENYULUH JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Hidayah Restu 
Published: September 2021

Kegiatan temu teknis peneliti–penyuluh bertujuan untuk membekali penyuluh dalam melaksanakan Kegiatan Adaptasi Teknologi Spesifik Lokasi tahun 2020 pada 12 kabupaten di Jawa Tengah. Materi dalam temu teknis ini adalah beberapa inovasi teknologi Balitbangtan sebagai alternatif pilihan inovasi teknologi yang akan diterapkan. Evaluasi pelaksanaan temu teknis merupakan indikator keberhasilan suatu penyuluhan dilihat dari peningkatan pengetahuan, persepsi dan respon peserta. Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaan tingkat pengetahuan peserta serta mengetahui persepsi dan respon peserta temu teknis. Parameter yang diamati adalah karakteristik responden, keragaan tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi, dan respon peserta Temu Teknis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner, yang selanjutnya diolah dengan analisis non-parametrik dan deskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan responden meningkat sebesar 49,01%. Responden memberikan persepsi dan respon yang positif pada level tinggi terhadap penyelenggaraan temu teknis ini karena sangat bermanfaat dalam menunjang tupoksinya.
A 10-year retrospective comparative analysis of the clinical features of brucellosis in children and adults
Authors: Ma Liyuan , Ma Jinhai , Chen Xiaoyuan , Dong Linghua 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Brucellosis is a zoonosis with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. However, it is still unclear whether the clinical manifestations in children are significantly different from those in adults.
Methodology: Patients with brucellosis and treated at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between 2009 and 2019 were divided into two groups; children (88) and adults (354). Thereafter, the records of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively.
Results: The findings showed that: 1. School-age children, young and middle-aged individuals were more likely to suffer from brucellosis and most were male; 2. Fever and arthralgia were the most common manifestations in the two groups. In addition, fatigue and low back pain were rare in children although fever and lymphadenopathy were more common in this group. However, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were common in both groups; 3. The most common complication was osteoarthritis and peripheral arthritis occurred more frequently in children. On the other hand, spondylitis was the most common in adults (this particularly involved the lumbar and sacral vertebrae); 4. An increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, levels of the C-reactive protein and liver enzymes was common in both two groups; 5. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of the standard agglutination test between children (96.59%) and adults (95.20%). However, the positive rate of blood culture was higher in children (65.85%) than in adults (51.00%).
Conclusions: Brucellosis causes damage to multiple systems and differences in clinical characteristics were found between children and adults.
COVID-19 in socially vulnerable quilombola populations in Salvaterra, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Veiga Gonçalves Nelson , De Melo Neto João Simão , Kazumi da Trindade Noguchi Selma , Silva Machado Andrey , Da Silva Martins Junior Alcindo , Da Silva Peixoto Maira Cibelle , Lúcia Ribeiro Raithy Alba , Maia Costa Faria Camylle , Carvalho Garcia Miranda Filgueiras Tainara , Baima Amaral Júnior Alex , Do Socorro Carvalho Miranda Claudia 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: COVID-19 is a severe respiratory syndrome caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In Brazil the highest infection rates are associated with socially vulnerable populations. This study therefore sought to analyze the spatial distribution of the disease and its relation with geographic, socioeconomic and public health policy characteristics associated with quilombola communities in Salvaterra municipality, state of Pará, for the period of March to September, 2020.
Methodology: This cross-sectional and ecological study used data from the Disease Notification System and the National Registry of Health Establishments of the Ministry of Health, the Income Transfer Registry of the Ministry of Citizenship and the 2010 census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Statistical and spatial analysis of the data was done through percentages of cases and Flow and Kernel map techniques.
Results: Seventy-five notified cases of COVID-19 distributed among 7 quilombola communities in the municipality were analyzed. The epidemiological profile followed a national trend, with a higher percentage of cases among persons who were female, adults with low schooling levels, working as family farmers and with an outcome ending in recovery. The spatial distribution of the disease was not homogenous and showed clusters of cases and high incidence rates, especially in communities close to the municipal seat or to highways.
Conclusions: The use of data analysis techniques was satisfactory for providing an understanding of the socioeconomic production of the disease in the areas studied. Accordingly, the need for intensifying epidemiological survey actions in the quilombola communities of the municipality is emphasized.
Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotype Distribution in Cervical Swab Samples in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Alacam Sema , Bakir Ayfer 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection agent worldwide and, with high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes, is the main factor for development of cervical cancer. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of HPV and distribution of HR-HPV genotypes in cervical swab samples and compare them with demographic and clinical data.
Methodology: Cervical swab samples of 2,285 women between the age of 17 and 76 were assessed between January 2018 and October 2020 in order to obtain the data of Turkey. Fifteen different HR-HPV genotypes were determined using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction test.
Results: HPV was positive in 36.3% (829/2,285) of DNA samples. Prevalence of multiple HR-HPV infection was 40.7%. Of the women, 30.9% (256/829) were infected with HPV16, 14.6% (121/829) with HPV39, and 14.2% (118/829) with HPV51. The most frequently detected genotypes with HPV16 were HPV31, HPV39 and HPV52, respectively. In women with cervical dysplasia, HPV16, 31, and 39 were the most common, and in women with genital warts, HPV16, 59 and 66 were most common, respectively. The highest HR-HPV prevalence was detected in the 17-34 age group (44.1%) (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: The prevalence of HR-HPV was 36.3% in this study. High prevalence (44.1%) especially in young women was consistent with findings in literature. The most common HR-HPV genotypes were HPV16, 39 and 51, respectively. Determining the prevalence and genotypes of HR-HPV playing role in the etiology of cervical cancer will be guiding for measures on prevention of cervical cancer and research on preventive vaccines.
The outcomes of severe COVID-19 pneumonia managed with supportive care in Palestine: an experience from a developing country
Authors: El-Hamshari Yousef , Hamarshi Majdi , Nazzal Zaher , Akkawi Amna , Saleh Dana , Abdullah Ibtesam , Najjar Mohammed , Rabi Razan , Ruzzeh Saad 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: About 14% of COVID-19 patients experience severe symptoms and require hospitalization. Managing these patients could be challenging for limited-resource countries, such as Palestine. This study aimed to evaluate hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients' treatment outcomes managed with supportive care and steroids.
Methodology: This was a single-center observational retrospective cohort study that enrolled COVID-19 patients admitted to the “Martyrs medical military complex- COVID Hospital” in Palestine. The managing physicians manually collected data through chart reviews, including patients' characteristics, complications, outcomes, and different management modalities. Continuous and categorical variables between those who were discharged alive and who died were compared using t-test and Chi-squares test, respectively.
Results: Overall, 334 patients were included in this study. Median (IQR) age was 62(11) years, 49.1% were males, and 29.6% were ICU status patients. The median (IQR) PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 76 (67), and 67.6% of these patients had moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, and 4.8% of the patients received invasive mechanical ventilation. Most of the patients (78.7%) had at least one comorbidity, and 18.3% developed at least one complication. The overall mortality was 12.3% (95% CI 8.9-16.2%), and the median (IQR) length of hospital stay was 11 (8) days. Age (aOR 1.05, p = 0.08), smoking (aOR 4.12, p = 0.019), IMV (aOR 27.4, p < 0.001) and PaO2/FiO2 ratio (aOR 1.03, p < 0.001) were found to predict higher mortality.
Conclusions: Supportive care for patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia in a Palestinian hospital with limited resources was associated with in-hospital mortality of 12.3%.
Assessment on risk and stress of resident doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Emre Nilufer , Edirne Tamer , Ozsahin Aysun , Kulceler Muhammed Fahrettin 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: It has been noted that post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms could be common in physicians who have experienced a traumatic event. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and contributing risk factors among resident doctors working in a tertiary care hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey from May to July 2020. Sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to the coronavirus, application of personal hygiene rules, presence and use of personal protective equipment, anxiety and prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder were investigated.
Results: In total, 17.8% (n = 40) of 225 resident doctors who participated in the study had post-traumatic stress disorder. Working at a department serving to COVID-19 patients increased the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder by 2.9 times (OR = 2.936, p = 0.003) while contacting positive patients increased this risk by 2.6 times (OR = 2.607, p = 0.023) and lack of personal protective equipment by 3.6 times (OR = 3.656, p = 0.018). Anxiety scores were statistically significantly higher in women, married and those living with their parents or spouses and children (p = 0.049; p = 0.011; p = 0.004, respectively).
Conclusions: Working in a department serving to COVID-19 patients, contact with positive patients and lack of personal protective equipment were risk factors in the emergence of post-traumatic stress disorder in resident doctors. Anxiety was also found to be greater in women, married and those living with their families.
Examining the Necessity of Postoperative Day-1 Review After Pars Plana Vitrectomy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bheemidi Abhinav R. , Roan Vivian D. , Muste Justin C. , Singh Rishi P. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
This study aimed to evaluate the necessity of the postoperative day-1 (POD1) review after pars plana vitrectomy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The analysis included available literature that documented medical and surgical interventions performed on POD1 review after pars plana vitrectomy. A meta-analysis of proportions was conducted using a binomial-normal model to analyze three data sets consisting of all interventions, medical interventions, and surgical interventions. Heterogeneity and publication bias analyses were performed.

RESULTS:
POD1 reviews of 2,262 patients across 14 studies were examined to yield a total POD1 intervention rate estimate of 4.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.0–13.9). When stratified by medical or surgical intervention, the intervention rate estimates were 4.1% (95% CI, 1.4–11.6) and 0.7% (95% CI, 0.3–1.3), respectively. The most common complication requiring postoperative intervention was elevated intraocular pressure.

CONCLUSION:
Given the wide confidence intervals of the estimated intervention rates, variability in postoperative practices, and range of interventions performed, the POD1 review cannot be discarded in its entirety.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:513–518.]
Impact of Anxiety Levels and Sleep Patterns on Perceived Pain During Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injections
Authors: Wieder Matthew S. , Szlechter Moshe , Fischman Noam , Inker Steven , Rusu Irene , Mbekeani Joyce N. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the impact of anxiety and sleep patterns on intravitreal injection pain.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This prospective, noninterventional study surveyed patients scheduled for intravitreal injection by two retinal surgeons. A standard intravitreal injection technique was used. Patients filled out pre-procedure General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires. Post-procedural pain was assessed with a visual analogue scale. Quality and hours of sleep and anxiety levels were correlated with perceived intravitreal injection pain.

RESULTS:

A total of 140 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean ± standard deviation scores were 4.9 ± 5.6 for the GAD-7, 6.3 ± 4.1 for the PSQI, and 3.69 ± 2.64 for intravitreal injection pain. Anxiety correlated with intravitreal injection pain (rho = 0.25;
P
= .003). Previous night's sleep (rho = −0.16;
P
= .057) and poor sleep quality (rho = 0.14;
P
= .11) were weakly correlated. Regression analysis revealed anxiety was the only significant predictor of intravitreal injection pain. A 1-point increase in anxiety predicted a 0.10-point increase in intravitreal injection pain (B = 0.10,
P
= .032).

CONCLUSIONS:
Anxiety level was the best predictor of perceived pain. This has implications for pre-procedural anxiety screening.

[
Ophthalmic Surgery Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:498–504.]
Characteristics of Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion in African American Patients
Authors: Ma Justin P. , Robbins Cason B. , Thomas George N. , Kiew Sieh Yean , Yoon Stephen P. , Thomas Akshay S. , Fekrat Sharon 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
To describe the presentation, management, and clinical outcomes of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in African American patients compared to patients of other racial or ethnic backgrounds.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study included eyes diagnosed with BRVO and macular edema at a tertiary referral center. Presenting features, treatment, and outcomes were compared based on racial or ethnic backgrounds.

RESULTS:

The study included 285 eyes: 21.8% African American, 78.2% other. African American patients were more likely to have comorbid diabetes (
P
= .012), open-angle glaucoma (
P
< .001), and to present with subretinal fluid (
P
= .049); multivariate analysis showed race and ethnicity alone may not fully explain presenting subretinal fluid (odds ratio = 2.807; 95% CI, 0.997 to 7.903;
P
= .051). There was no difference in other comparisons of clinical outcomes or treatment burden, including visual acuity, duration, or treatment method.

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite significant differences at presentation, the management and outcomes of BRVO did not differ significantly between African American patients and patients of other racial and ethnic backgrounds.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2021;52:492–497.]
A Conceptual Analysis on ‘ASEAN Way’ as a Normative Approach for Conducting Regional Affairs
Authors: Padmakumara S. C. 
Published: September 2021

The role of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has become more important in conducting regional affairs with its distinctive approach to interstate relations and regional cooperation. This distinctive practice is called as ‘ASEAN Way’ and the scholars assert that it is a pragmatic and informal approach to conduct intraregional affairs. As viewed by the scholars, what sets the ASEAN apart from many other regional institutions is its own process of decision-making, typically referred to as the “ASEAN Way’ (Weber, 2019). The ASEAN Way consists of a code of conduct for inter-state behavior as well as decision- making process based on consultations and consensus among its member states (Acharya, 1997). This ASEAN model or ‘ASEAN Way’ provides example of how a region can manage its problem and develop a positive identity in International Relations. Therefore, both in terms of intraregional and extra regional perceptions, Southeast Asia has become a symbol of a dynamic and largely peaceful region (Acharya, 2012). The central objective of this paper is to conceptualize the significance of ‘ASEAN Way’ as a distinctive approach to conduct regional affairs and highlight its implications for sustaining regional cooperation. The idea of ‘ASEAN Way’ is examined in this paper with specific reference to two important propositions. The first holds that ‘ASEAN Way’ is a normative approach to conduct intraregional affairs and it possess distinctive features compared to other regional practices. The second proposition holds that ‘ASEAN Way’ is potential as a mean for peaceful settlement of regional disputes. In order to realize these objectives, this study intends to answer these two research questions; what are the distinctive features of ‘ASEAN Way’ as an approach to conduct regional affairs and how it can be attributed as a peaceful mean for settling regional disputes. This study adopts a qualitative approach and primarily depends on the secondary data to answer the aforesaid research questions.
Insecticidal effect of Bacillus pumilus PTB180 and Bacillus subtilis PTB185 used alone and in combination against the foxglove aphid and the melon aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Kahia Mouna , Nguyen Thi Thuy An , McCune Frédéric , Naasz Rémi , Antoun Hani , Fournier Valérie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe foxglove aphid, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), are among the serious insect pests found in greenhouses. The efficacy of microbial control against these insects has been demonstrated and can be enhanced by the combination of different microbial agents. This study evaluated the efficacy of Bacillus pumilus Meyer and Gottheil PTB180 and Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn PTB185, used alone and together, to control these two aphids both in the laboratory and in greenhouse on tomato, Solanum lycopersicum Linnaeus (Solanaceae), and cucumber, Cucumis sativus Linnaeus (Cucurbitaceae), plants. The results from the laboratory tests showed an increase in mortality induced by all biological treatments. In the greenhouse, all treatments induced mortality rates significantly higher than that of the control for A. solani. Similarly, all treatments performed better than the control against A. gossypii, significantly reducing its reproduction. Furthermore, we found no additive effects when mixing products nor negative interactions affecting survival for the bacteria investigated. These microorganisms therefore have potential for use in biological control.