bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Feasibility of Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Day Surgery and Inpatient Surgery in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dong Yingxian , Shen Cheng , Wang Yan , Zhou Kun , Li Jue , Chang Shuai , Ma Hongsheng , Che Guowei 
Published: November 2021

Background and Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate how safe and viable the use of video-assisted thoracoscopic day surgery (VATDS) is for individuals diagnosed with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: Data obtained from the selected patients with NSCLC who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the same medical group were analyzed and a single-center, propensity-matched cohort study was performed. In total, 353 individuals were included after propensity score matching (PSM) with 136 individuals in the day surgery group (DSG) and 217 individuals in the inpatient surgery group (ISG).Results: The 24-h discharge rate in the DSG was 93.38% (127/136). With respect to the postoperative complications (PPCs), no difference between the two groups was found (DSG vs. ISG: 11.76 vs. 11.52%, p = 0.933). In the DSG, a shorter length of stay (LOS) after surgery (1.47 ± 1.09 vs. 2.72 ± 1.28 days, p &lt; 0.001) and reduced drainage time (8.45 ± 3.35 vs. 24.11 ± 5.23 h, p &lt; 0.001) were found, while the drainage volume per hour (mL/h) was not notably divergent between the relevant groups (p = 0.312). No difference was observed in the cost of equipment and materials between the two groups (p = 0.333). However, the average hospital cost and drug cost of the DSG were significantly lower than those of the ISG (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: The study indicated that the implementation of VATDS showed no difference in PPCs, but resulted in shorter in-hospital stays, shorter drainage times, and lower hospital costs than inpatient surgery. These results indicate the safety and feasibility of VATDS for a group of highly selected patients with early-stage NSCLC.
Associations among Farm, Breed, Lactation Stage and Parity, Gene Polymorphisms and the Fatty Acid Profile of Milk from Holstein, Simmental and Their Crosses
Authors: Samková Eva , Čítek Jindřich , Brzáková Michaela , Hanuš Oto , Večerek Libor , Jozová Eva , Hoštičková Irena , Trávníček Jan , Hasoňová Lucie , Rost Michael , Hálová Karolína , Špička Jiří 
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting the fatty acid (FA) profile in cow’s milk. The effects of a farm, lactation parity and stage, breed and polymorphisms in the AGPAT6, DGAT1, LEP, FASN and SCD1 genes were evaluated. A total of 196 Holstein cows, 226 Simmental cows and seven crosses were sampled 751 times. The cows were kept at five farms and were in the first up to the sixth lactation, and 49 individual FAs and 11 groups were analyzed. The farm significantly affected the proportion of all FAs except for C16:1n-7c and isoC14:0. Additionally, the lactation stage was significant for most FAs, and the opposite was true for lactation parity. The effect of the breed was negligible. For the gene polymorphisms, the SCD1 TT genotype exceeded the CC in C10:0, C12:0, C14:0, C16:1n-7c and C18:2, and the opposite was true for C10:1, C12:1, C14:1n-5c, isoC17:0, C16:1 and C18:1, i.e., the TT genotype was higher for saturated FAs, and the CT genotype was higher for monounsaturated FAs. The results hint at the intermediary heredity of the SCD1 gene. The FASN gene was strongly associated with four FAs and branched-chain FAs, and genotype AG was better than GG. LEP was significant for five individual FAs and branched-chain FAs. The differences in FA composition among genotypes were rather small, which could lead to overestimation of the effect and needs to be considered in the next research.
Quantitative Characterization of the γ’ Phase Distribution in the Large-Scale Area of the Second-Generation Nickel-Based Single Crystal Blade DD5
Authors: Wan Weihao , Li Dongling , Zhou Qingqing , Zeng Qiang , Xue Xin , Shi Hui , Wang Haizhou 
Published: November 2021

Nickel-based single crystal superalloy blades have excellent high-temperature performance as the hot end part of the aero-engine turbine. The most important strengthening phase in the single crystal blade is the γ’ phase, and its morphology and size distribution directly affect the high temperature performance of the single crystal blade. In this work, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to obtain the microscopic images of the γ’ phase in multiple large continuous fields of view in the transverse sections of single crystal blades, and the quantitative statistical characterization of the γ’ phase was performed by image segmentation method based on deep learning. The 20 μm × 20 μm region was selected from the primary dendrite arm, the secondary dendrite arm, and the interdendrite to statistically analyze the γ’ phases. The statistical results show that the average size of the γ’ phase at the position of the interdendrite is significantly larger than the average size of the γ’ phase at the position of the dendrite; the sizes of the γ’ phase at the primary dendrite arm, the secondary dendrite arm and the interdendrite all obey the normal distribution; about 3.17 × 107 γ’ phases are counted in 20 positions in the 5 transverse sections of the single crystal blade in a total area of 5 mm2, and the size, geometric morphology and area fraction of all γ’ phases are respectively counted. In this work, the quantitative parameters of the γ’ phases at 4 different positions of the section of the single crystal superalloy DD5 blade were compared, the size and area fraction of the γ’ phases at the leading edge and the trailing edge were smaller, and the shape of the γ’ phase of the leading edge and the trailing edge is closer to the cube.
La inclusión educativa en una escuela normal rural: un estudio de caso
Authors: Arán Ana 
Published: November 2021

La concepción de la educación inclusiva forma parte del cambio paradigmático pedagógico de los últimos años, liderado por disposiciones legislativas a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, a nivel superior el acceso y permanencia a la educación para personas con discapacidad continúa siendo un reto. Se presenta una investigación cualitativa con metodología de estudio de caso, cuyo objetivo es conocer el proceso de inclusión educativa de una alumna con discapacidad motriz, estudiante en una escuela rural. Para tener un panorama integral del caso, se utilizó una encuesta sociodemográfica, entrevista estructurada del historial clínico, escala estimativa del INDEX de inclusión de Booth y Ainscow (2000) y una entrevista semi estructurada sobre la inclusión educativa. A través de la información obtenida, se evidencia la necesidad del fortalecimiento de las políticas a nivel superior, para eliminar las barreras de acceso y traslado, así como la implementación de una cultura inclusiva que erradique las prácticas discriminatórias.
Anisotropic radius of curvature of crystal planes in wide-bandgap semiconductor wafers measured by X-ray diffraction
Authors: Yao Yongzhao , Sugawara Yoshihiro , Yokoe Daisaku , Hirano Keiichi , Okada Narihito , Tadatomo Kazuyuki , Sasaki Kohei , Kuramata Akito , Ishikawa Yukari 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Conventionally, the radius of curvature of crystal planes in a wafer is measured by position-dependent X-ray diffraction (XRD) along a particular diagonal direction of the wafer. However, we show herein that this method is not reliable for assessing the wafer’s real three-dimensional curvature. Using commercial 2 inch 4H-SiC, GaN, AlN, and β-Ga2O3 wafers, we demonstrate that the choice of the diagonal direction along which the position-dependent XRD was acquired strongly affects not only the apparent radius of curvature but also whether it is convex or concave.
Annealing effect of absorber layer on SnS/CdS heterojunction band alignments
Authors: Abadi Ashenafi , Htay Myo Than , Hashimoto Yoshio , Ito Kentaro , Momose Noritaka 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The effect of annealing on the physical properties of an SnS thin film and also on SnS/CdS heterojunction band alignment was studied. Vacuum annealing has greatly improved the crystalline quality of SnS and an average grain size of 1.6 μm was achieved. Sulfur-rich secondary phases observed on the surface of as-grown SnS thin film were eliminated after vacuum annealing, resulting in a decrease of the resistivity and an increase of the carrier concentration of the film. A maximum hole mobility of 17 cm2 V−1 s−1 was obtained for SnS thin films annealed at 400 °C. A transition of SnS/CdS heterojunction from “spike” type to “cliff” type was observed when the vacuum annealed SnS thin film was post-air-annealed at 200 and 250 °C. The band alignment of SnS/CdS heterojunction could be adjustable between “spike” type to “cliff” type via vacuum annealing followed by post-air-annealing.
Structural study of single Shockley stacking faults terminated near substrate/epilayer interface in 4H-SiC
Authors: Nishio Johji , Ota Chiharu , Iijima Ryosuke 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Structural analysis is carried out of a single Shockley stacking fault (1SSF) that terminates near the substrate/epilayer interface and originally expanded from a basal plane dislocation (BPD) segment near the epilayer surface of 4H-SiC. The characteristic zigzag structure is found for the partial dislocations (PDs), with microscopic connecting angles of almost 120°. It has been suggested that the microscopic construction of PDs might be limited by the Peierls valley. The termination line near the substrate/epilayer interface was found to have 30° Si-core and 90° Si-core PDs. This combination is the same as that found near the surface of the epilayer in commonly observed 1SSFs. Penetrating BPDs of this kind were also found experimentally for the first time. For the currently proposed charts for the 1SSF expansions, photoluminescence imaging during UV illumination is one of the nondestructive analysis methods that can provide the structural information and expected expansion shapes of the 1SSFs.
SiSn mediated formation of polycrystalline SiGeSn
Authors: Shimura Yosuke , Okado Masaki , Motofuji Tokimune , Tatsuoka Hirokazu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Si1–x
Sn
x
and Si1–x–

y
Ge
x
Sn
y
polycrystalline thin layers were grown using Sn nanodots as crystal nuclei. Si1–x
Sn
x
crystallization occurred around Sn nanodots, and the substitutional Sn content was estimated as high as 1.5%. In the case of the poly-Si1–x–

y
Ge
x
Sn
y
, Ge and Si were deposited simultaneously on the Sn nanodots, however, Ge was preferentially incorporated into the Sn nanodots, resulting in the formation of the poly-Si1–x–

y
Ge
x
Sn
y
with amorphous Si residue. It was found that the poly-Si1–x
Sn
x
formed by the Sn nanodots mediated formation can be used as the new virtual substrate to be alloyed with Ge, namely the 2-step formation process consisting of poly-Si1–x
Sn
x
crystallization and Ge alloying with the poly-Si1–x
Sn
x
is the effective process for the poly-Si1–x–

y
Ge
x
Sn
y
formation. This non-equilibrium process with achieving crystallization resulted in the substitutional Si and Sn content in the as-grown poly-Si1–x–

y
Ge
x
Sn
y
as high as 10.8% and 3.5%, respectively.
High quality AlN with uniform in-plane strain on nano-patterned AlN templates achieved by preset strain modulation
Authors: Liu Baiyin , Xu Fujun , Wang Jiaming , Lang Jing , Zhang Na , Fang Xuzhou , Wang Liubing , Yang Xuelin , Kang Xiangning , Wang Xinqiang , Qin Zhixin , Ge Weikun , Shen Bo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
High-quality AlN with uniform in-plane strain has been attempted with preset strain modulation on nano-patterned AlN templates (NPATs). It is found that this strain preset frame can effectively improve both the tilt and twist features of AlN on NPATs, further greatly decreasing threading dislocation density. More importantly, the AlN epilayer after completing coalescence can maintain the in-plane uniform compressive strain. Adopting AlN templates achieved in this scheme, the chip-on-wafer light output power (LOP) of AlGaN light-emitting diode (LED) reaches 10.2 mW at 100 mA with single emission peak at 280 nm, which increases by 22.3% than the LOP of LED device without adopting this strain preset frame.
Central Corneal Thickness: Ultrasound Pachymetry Verus Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Ali Waqas , Shakir Munira , Wasim Sahira , Afza Ronak 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To determine the mean difference in central corneal thickness between ultrasound pachymetry and anterior segment optical coherence tomography in patients visiting tertiary care hospital of Karachi
Study design: Cross sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi from 27th December 2018 to 26th June 2019.
Methods: Total 216 eyes of 108 patients were divided into two groups. Central corneal thickness was measured using ultrasound pachymeters in group A and with anterior segment optical coherence tomography in group B. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Mean central corneal thickness was compared between the two methods. Stratification was done on gender, age and post-stratification independent sample t-test was applied for mean difference CCT and P-value ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: Total 108 patients were equally divided into two groups. Mean age was 48.70±7.82 years in group A and 50.66±6.88 years in group B. In group A, there were 74.1% males and 25.9% females while in group B, there were 75.9% males and 24.1% females. There was statistically significant difference between the mean central corneal thickness of group A and group B for right and left eyes (p<0.001). Mean difference was also compared for gender and age groups. We found statistically significant differences in central corneal thickness in between the two methods in both age groups (≤45 years and > 45 years).
Conclusion: Central corneal thickness was more with pachymeters as compared to the AS-OCT (p value < 0.05)
Key Words: Central Corneal Thickness, Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography, Ultrasound Pachymetry.
Hemşirelerin Eğitim Düzeyi, Gece Vardiyasında Çalışma ve Yaşam Bulguları Takibi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: TURAN Nuray , ÇULHA Yeliz , ARIKAN Ebru Naime 
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırma, hemşirelerin eğitim düzeyi, gece vardiyasında çalışma ve yaşam bulguları takibi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirildi.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel türde planlanlanan araştırmanın evrenini, İstanbul ilinde bulunan bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde Mayıs 2020-Ocak 2021 tarihleri arasında çalışan 389; örneklemini ise, 241 hemşire oluşturdu. Veriler, Hemşire Bilgi Formu ve Sağlık Profesyonellerinin Gece Yaşam Bulgularını İzlemeye İlişkin Görüşleri Formu ile toplandı.
Bulgular: Hemşirelerin %77.6’sının kadın, yaş ortalamasının 26.10±4.86 yıl ve %61.8’inin lisans mezunu olduğu saptandı. Yaşam bulgularının takibinde hemşirelerin %40.2’sinin monitör, %35.7 manuel araç, %26’sının ise hem monitör hem de manuel araç kullandıkları belirlendi. Hemşirelerin gece yaşam bulguları izlemine yönelik; Faktör 1 (İş Yükü, Kaynaklar ve Kapasite) Faktör 2 (Önceliklendirme), Faktör 3 (Güvenlik kültürü) ve Faktör 4 (Sorumluluk ve Kontrol Etme) puan ortalamalarının sırasıyla 40.23±6.84, 19.40±3.83, 13.79±4.04 ve 12.93±3.46 olduğu saptandı. Hemşirelerin cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, çalıştığı birim ve bu birimde yaşam bulguları takibinde kullanılan araç-gereç ile sağlık profesyonelinin gece yaşam bulgularını izleme durumları bilgi puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar saptandı (p
Sifting through the Static: Moving Object Detection in Difference Images
Authors: Smotherman Hayden , Connolly Andrew J. , Kalmbach J. Bryce , Portillo Stephen K. N. , Bektesevic Dino , Eggl Siegfried , Juric Mario , Moeyens Joachim , Whidden Peter J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Trans-Neptunian objects provide a window into the history of the solar system, but they can be challenging to observe due to their distance from the Sun and relatively low brightness. Here we report the detection of 75 moving objects that we could not link to any other known objects, the faintest of which has a VR magnitude of 25.02 ± 0.93 using the Kernel-Based Moving Object Detection (KBMOD) platform. We recover an additional 24 sources with previously known orbits. We place constraints on the barycentric distance, inclination, and longitude of ascending node of these objects. The unidentified objects have a median barycentric distance of 41.28 au, placing them in the outer solar system. The observed inclination and magnitude distribution of all detected objects is consistent with previously published KBO distributions. We describe extensions to KBMOD, including a robust percentile-based lightcurve filter, an in-line graphics-processing unit filter, new coadded stamp generation, and a convolutional neural network stamp filter, which allow KBMOD to take advantage of difference images. These enhancements mark a significant improvement in the readiness of KBMOD for deployment on future big data surveys such as LSST.
Evaluation of the Thyroid Status and Types of Thyroid Dysfunction in Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients More Than 9 Years of Age in Wassit, Iraq 2020
Authors: I. Ansaf Ahmed I. , Faraj Safa , Abdul-Azziz Hussien A. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Hypothyroidism is one of the commonest endocrine complications that can happen in patients with Beta-Thalassemia Major (BTM) above nine years old which may pass hidden and untreated for years. Aim: To evaluate the thyroid status and types of thyroid dysfunction in Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients above 9 years of age. Method: A Cross-Sectional study was performed on sixty-six randomly selected patients above 12 years of age with BTM in Al-Kut Heriditory Blood Disease Center at Wassit province from March to August 2020. Thyroid function tests were done (TSH, T3, and T4) to detect the thyroid status and identify patients with thyroid dysfunction and determine the type of hypothyroidism (Primary, central, Subclinical). Data collected include Age, Sex, weight, height, Serum ferritin and mean hemoglobin level, Type of chelation therapy, dose, compliance, and frequency of blood transfusion, other diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus, HCV, HBV, HIV, and Heart Failure were evaluated statistically. Results: In the studied patients, Thirty-one patients (46.96%) were found to have hypothyroidism;( Seven of them (10.6%) had primary hypothyroidism, Sixteen(24.2%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and eight (12.1%) had central hypothyroidism). Twenty-one (67.74 %) patients with Hypothyroidism were found to have stunted height or short stature (with significant p.value 0.03) from the 13 (41.9%) who had subclinical hypothyroidism. By Pearson correlation, increasing serum ferritin levels significantly affect decreasing thyroxin (T4) levels with inverse correlation (P value 0.0001), (r)= -0.45. Conclusion: in this study, there was a high prevalence of hypothyroidism in BTM and subclinical hypothyroidism is the most common type, which signifies the importance of regular screening and close supervision especially when high ferritin and or short stature are present.
The ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of southern Kuril Islands, Russia
Authors: Makarov Kirill , Sundukov Yuri 
Published: November 2021

We compiled a list of the ground beetles that have been confirmed to occur to date in the southern Kuril Islands, Russian Far East. The list includes 168 species, all of which are known from Kunashir Island and the species richness on the remaining islands ranges from 68 (Shikotan Island) to 21 species (Tanfil'eva Island). The species richness is shown to depend sublinearly on island area, this being unusual for island faunas (Triantis et al. 2011).A large part of data is published here for the first time on the records of ground beetles in the southern Kuril Islands with precise localities. This allows not only the taxonomic composition of the faunas, but also the composition of local faunas to be discussed.
Stratégies russes en Libye : le déploiement d’une politique étrangère multifacette
Authors: Mohammedi Adlene 
Published: November 2021

L’intervention militaire en Libye en 2011 est l’un des facteurs qui expliquent la posture de défiance adoptée par la Russie à l’égard de ses interlocuteurs occidentaux. Au-delà de cette défiance, que l’on retrouve notamment en Syrie, la Russie déploie sur le théâtre libyen une politique multifacette dont les outils sont parfois contradictoires : du droit à l’usage de la force et à la clandestinité, de l’unilatéralisme à la concertation entre puissances et à la médiation.
Effect of Women's and Partners' Education on Maternal Health-care Services Utilization in Five Empowered Action Group States of India
Authors: Yadav Arvind Kumar , Sahni Bhavna , Kumar Dinesh , Bala Kiran , Kalotra Anuradha 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Suboptimal utilization of maternal health-care services is a perennial problem in Empowered Action Group (EAG) states. This study examines role of women's and partners' education on usage of antenatal, postnatal care (PNC), and skilled birth attendance in these states.

Methodology:
National Family Health Survey-4 (2015–2016) data for 13,443 women in reproductive age group of 15–49 years in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh (MP), Odisha, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh (UP) were analyzed using logistic regression.

Results:
Increasing level of education had a significant impact on utilization of antenatal services in all states, highest and lowest odds being observed with higher and primary level of partner's education, respectively. Skilled birth attendance universally showed rising trend with increasing women education, while it remained substantially low even at higher level of partner's education. For PNC, utilization increased with increasing level of maternal education. While significantly lower odds of PNC were seen with primary level of partner education in Rajasthan and UP, partner's secondary education showed positive and significant association in Bihar, Rajasthan, and UP. At higher level of partner education, positive and significant effects on PNC were observed only in Bihar, MP, and UP.

Conclusions:
Universal education is vital to attain sustainable development goals at the grassroot level, which is happening relatively slowly in the EAG states.