bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Quality Management System for Clinical Nutrition in Jiangsu: Survey Study
Authors: Wang Jin , Pan Chen , Ma Xianghua 
Published: August 2021

Background
An electronic system that automatically collects medical information can realize timely monitoring of patient health and improve the effectiveness and accuracy of medical treatment. To our knowledge, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical service quality assessment has been minimally evaluated, especially for clinical nutrition departments in China. From the perspective of medical ethics, patient safety comes before any other factors within health science, and this responsibility belongs to the quality management system (QMS) within medical institutions.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the QMS for clinical nutrition in Jiangsu, monitor its performance in quality assessment and human resource management from a nutrition aspect, and investigate the application and development of AI in medical quality control.

Methods
The participants for this study were the staff of 70 clinical nutrition departments of the tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China. These departments are all members of the Quality Management System of Clinical Nutrition in Jiangsu (QMSNJ). An online survey was conducted on all 341 employees within all clinical nutrition departments based on the staff information from the surveyed medical institutions. The questionnaire contains five sections, and the data analysis and AI evaluation were focused on human resource information.

Results
A total of 330 questionnaires were collected, with a response rate of 96.77% (330/341). A QMS for clinical nutrition was built for clinical nutrition departments in Jiangsu and achieved its target of human resource improvements, especially among dietitians. The growing number of participating departments (an increase of 42.8% from 2018 to 2020) and the significant growth of dietitians (t93.4=–0.42; P=.02) both show the advancements of the QMSNJ.

Conclusions
As the first innovation of an online platform for quality management in Jiangsu, the Jiangsu Province Clinical Nutrition Management Platform was successfully implemented as a QMS for this study. This multidimensional electronic system can help the QMSNJ and clinical nutrition departments achieve quality assessment from various aspects so as to realize the continuous improvement of clinical nutrition. The use of an online platform and AI technology for quality assessment is worth recommending and promoting in the future.
Short-Term Event Prediction in the Operating Room (STEP-OP) of Five-Minute Intraoperative Hypotension Using Hybrid Deep Learning: Retrospective Observational Study and Model Development
Authors: Choe Sooho , Park Eunjeong , Shin Wooseok , Koo Bonah , Shin Dongjin , Jung Chulwoo , Lee Hyungchul , Kim Jeongmin 
Published: August 2021

Background
Intraoperative hypotension has an adverse impact on postoperative outcomes. However, it is difficult to predict and treat intraoperative hypotension in advance according to individual clinical parameters.

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop a prediction model to forecast 5-minute intraoperative hypotension based on the weighted average ensemble of individual neural networks, utilizing the biosignals recorded during noncardiac surgery.

Methods
In this retrospective observational study, arterial waveforms were recorded during noncardiac operations performed between August 2016 and December 2019, at Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. We analyzed the arterial waveforms from the big data in the VitalDB repository of electronic health records. We defined 2s hypotension as the moving average of arterial pressure under 65 mmHg for 2 seconds, and intraoperative hypotensive events were defined when the 2s hypotension lasted for at least 60 seconds. We developed an artificial intelligence–enabled process, named short-term event prediction in the operating room (STEP-OP), for predicting short-term intraoperative hypotension.

Results
The study was performed on 18,813 subjects undergoing noncardiac surgeries. Deep-learning algorithms (convolutional neural network [CNN] and recurrent neural network [RNN]) using raw waveforms as input showed greater area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) scores (0.698, 95% CI 0.690-0.705 and 0.706, 95% CI 0.698-0.715, respectively) than that of the logistic regression algorithm (0.673, 95% CI 0.665-0.682). STEP-OP performed better and had greater AUPRC values than those of the RNN and CNN algorithms (0.716, 95% CI 0.708-0.723).

Conclusions
We developed STEP-OP as a weighted average of deep-learning models. STEP-OP predicts intraoperative hypotension more accurately than the CNN, RNN, and logistic regression models.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02914444; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02914444.
Comparative effectiveness analysis between entrectinib clinical trial and crizotinib real-world data inROS1+ NSCLC
Authors: Doebele Robert C , Perez Laura , Trinh Huong , Martinec Michael , Martina Reynaldo , Riehl Todd , Krebs Matthew G , Meropol Neal J , Wong William B , Crane Gracy 
Published: August 2021

Aim:Generating direct comparative evidence in prospective randomized trials is difficult for rare diseases. Real-world cohorts may supplement control populations.Methods:Entrectinib-treated adults with advancedROS1fusion-positive NSCLC (n = 94) from Phase I/II trials (ALKA-372-001 [EudraCT2012-00148-88], STARTRK-1 [NCT02097810], and STARTRK-2 [NCT02568267]) were compared with a real-world crizotinib-treated cohort (n = 65). Primary end point, time-to-treatment discontinuation (TTD); secondary end points, PFS and OS.Results:Median (95% CI) weighted TTD: 12.9 (9.9–17.4) months for entrectinib; 8.2 (6.2–9.9) months for crizotinib (weighted hazard ratio: 0.72 [0.51–1.02]). Median OS with entrectinib was not reached, weighted median OS with crizotinib was 18.5 (15.1–47.2) months.Conclusion:Entrectinib administered in clinical trials may be associated with longer TTD than a real-world crizotinib population.
Featural-visual Indexicality and Sound-shape Congruency in a Phonologically Engineered Alphabet
Authors: M.A. Marcia S. Suzuki, 
Published: August 2021

The term uniskript was coined to refer to a class of
phonologically engineered alphabets that employ visual-featural
indexicality combined with sound-shape congruency to represent speech.
In this working paper, I introduce the uniskript methodology, an
alphabet generator technique that uses indices instead
of symbols to represent the flow of speech. I refer to the
Peircean theory of signs to explain the crucial semiotic distinction
between uniskript and the traditional alphabets: in uniskript,
an icon resembling relevant articulatory features of a given
phoneme is used to index sound to shape. I also indicate how the
findings in sound-symbolism were incorporated into the indices to
facilitate cross-modal correspondences. I propose that uniskript
indexical nature and sensorial mappings can explain why it is so much
easier to learn than symbolic and sensory incongruent alphabets. I then
briefly discuss how the study of uniskript alphabets can shed some light
on the role of cross-modal correspondences in learning. It can also
bring a deeper understanding of the role of phonology in sound
symbolism. Finally, I refer to some applications of uniskript in the
teaching of literacy and in remediating reading issues and illustrate
the entire concept by introducing a uniskript alphabet developed as a
tool to teach pronunciation in an ESL program.

keywords: uniskript, alphabets, sound symbolism, sound-shape
iconicity, cross-modal congruency, phonology, second language learning,
pronunciation in L2
Polemik Qirā’ah Sab’ah Antara Zamakhsharī dan Abū Ḥayyān
Authors: Nawawi Fuad 
Published: August 2021

Tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa tradisi, jaringan sosial budaya, ideologi, dan kepentingan membentuk cara pandang terhadap pengetahuan, termasuk pengetahuan tentang qirā’āt sab‘ah. Az-Zamakhsyarī (w. 538 H/ 1143) kritis terhadap qirā’āt sab‘ah karena ia berlatar belakang muktazilah yang menilai bahwa sebagianragam bacaan qirā’āt sab‘ah merupakan produk ijtihad ulama. Muktazilah juga beranggapan bahwa tidak semua qiraah merupakan bagian dari Al-Qur’an. AzZamakhsyarī juga berpihak kepada mazhab nahwu Basrah yang memposisikan kaidah bahasa sebagai “hakim” yang menentukan. Jika ada qiraah yang tidak sesuai kaidah, qiraah tersebut dihukumi sebagai qiraah syāż. Di pihak lain, Abū Ḥayyān (w. 745 H/ 1344) membela qirā’āt sab‘ah karena Abū Ḥayyān berlatar belakang Asy‘ariyyah. Aliran teologi ini menilai qirā’āt sab‘ah sebagai qiraah mutawatir sehingga tabu untuk dikritik. Abū Ḥayyān berpihak kepada mazhab nahwu Kufah yang menilai apa pun yang berasal dari ungkapan orang Arab—tak terkecuali qirā’āt sab‘ah—diterima sebagai sumber bahasa, meskipun pada mulanya berbeda dengan kaidah umum
Exploring Antecedents of Peoples' Intentions to Use Smart Services in a Smart City Environment: An Extended UTAUT Model
Authors: Jena R. K. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
The Indian government is currently developing scalable and sustainable smart city infrastructures to address the urbanization problem in India. However, the smart city project will only be successful if the people accept and use smart services. Therefore, this study investigates peoples' acceptance of smart services using a modified unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model (UTAUT). The results demonstrate that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and attitude are significant factors in peoples' usage intention toward smart services. Furthermore, the study tested the moderating effect of task-technology fit and perceived risk on the relationship between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and attitude and usage intention. The study's findings will help decision-makers and professional accountants to understand and implement robust accounting processes responsible for selecting the right digital tools for the right reasons to enhance peoples' usage intention in a smart city environment.
Big Data Analytics in IRS Audit Procedures and Its Effects on Tax Compliance: A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Authors: Neuman Erica L. , Sheu Robert J. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Big Data analytics could be a panacea for the IRS by enabling creation of taxpayer profiles to better capture noncompliance using artificial intelligence and machine learning, requiring fewer costly manpower hours. Privacy, fair information practices, and embedded biases are critiques of such practices, and it is unknown how taxpayers will respond. Deterrence theory suggests improved audit effectiveness will increase compliance but excludes elements of tax morale, including perceived fairness. We find evidence supporting a moderated mediation model where procedural fairness mediates the relationship between audit procedures and tax compliance, moderated by participatory monitoring, which captures how effects vary when taxpayers willingly increase traceability of their income by advertising online. When taxpayers advertise business online, use of advanced technologies in audit selection significantly increases compliance with no significant effect on perceived fairness; when they do not, use of advanced technologies has no effect on compliance, but significantly decreases perceived fairness.
Restricted Stock is on the Rise: What Does this Mean for Whistleblowing?
Authors: Scheetz Andrea M , Wall Joseph , Wilson Aaron B. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
The use of restricted stock to supplement compensation or to give a bonus to executives is on the rise. Research finds that private company employees are less likely to whistleblow than public company employees. Further, restricted stock may positively influence whistleblowing when large financial rewards are present, and vesting period and strike price influence whistleblowing for those with stock option compensation. Yet, there is limited investigation of whistleblowing related to the vesting period of the restricted stock and the type of organization granting this compensation. We find evidence of a significant interaction effect. For those in public companies, whistleblowing tends to increase with a longer vesting period, whereas those in private companies have the opposite behavior, as whistleblowing increases with shorter vesting periods of the restricted stock compensation. The lens of agency theory focused on whistleblowing theory helps resolve this seeming juxtaposition. Implications for practice and policy are offered.
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and its Associated Risk Factors among symptomatic Residents of Sulaimani city, Kurdistan region, Iraq, 2020
Authors: Ali Seerwan Hama Rashid , Salih Sabiha Sharif , Hama Sour Taib Ahmed , Raouf Goran Mohammad , Rahim Araz Latif 
Published: August 2021

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria are a microaerobic Gram negative that colonizes in the gastric and duodenum of human. It can cause prolong infection in the human life if not treated. Many of the studies showed that infection by H. pylori can cause some important gastrointestinal illness, such as peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Recurrence is generally considered as H. pylori recrudescence infection after one year of eradicated treatment. There are many factors involved in the H pylori reinfection, such as the epidemiology of H. pylori infection, condition of the live, development of economical state, and health conditions. The Objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence and determine the risk factors of infection by H. pylori bacteria in dyspeptic patients in Sulaimani city. And the Aims are to estimate prevalence of the Helicobacter pylori and patients’ characteristics in Sulaimani city. This is a cross-sectional study, using a Urea breath test or stained the gastric sample with Giemsa stain, which is including adult participants aged (12-87) years during the period starting from 1 January until 31 December 2020 on Iraqi male and female patients were visiting –Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Sulaimani, city, Iraq. Three hundred and four patients were included, all of them underwent Urea breath test only but eighty-one of the participants underwent endoscopy and stained the gastric sample with Giemsa stain. Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori was positive in54.9% which have significant correlation with risk factor findings. Results: the incidence rate of H. pylori infection in our study is 54.9%, and mean age of the study participants was (40.49 ±16.39) one hundred and ninety-one cases 62.8% were female and 113 cases 37.2%were male. Infection by H. pylori bacteria is rife in dyspeptic patients; and is more common in the age group of 31-40 years. One of noninvasive test to diagnosis H. pylori is Urea breath test. In conclusions the rate of helicobacter pylori infection in our study is 54.9% among the symptomatic patients, and the overall incidence of H. pylori UBT and Giemsa stain detection rate were 73.4 and 26.6% respectively.
Middle hepatic vein incorporation in live donor liver graft transplantation; implication and safety
Authors: Abdi Mahmoud Ali , Kareem Tayeb Sabir , Hassoun Assad Abidon 
Published: August 2021

Background: In this study, we have used the middle hepatic vein with the right lobe, and we studied the venous outflow dynamics immediately after transplant retrospectively meanwhile we studied the impact of the graft function on donor functionality and overall donor safety.
Method: Between October 2017 to October 2020, we performed 40 adult to adult live donor liver transplants at Zheen International Hospital (Erbil, Kurdistan Region). Postoperative Doppler ultrasound was performed for recipients and donors immediately after surgery and then daily until discharge.
Results: The donor age (28.5 ± 6.9) year, male/ female 19/ 21, intensive care unit stay (1.2 ± 0.43), floor stay (5.2 ± 1.4) days, their portal vein velocity (43.5 ± 18.4 ml/sec), hepatic artery resistive index (0.6 ± 0.09) and triphasic/ continuous venous outflow 30/10, their postoperative day one and at the discharge total serum bilirubin were (2.8 ± 1.8) and (2 ± 1.4), their postoperative day one and at the discharge international normalization ratio were (1.7 ± 0.5) and (1.2 ± 0.2) respectively. The recipient age (48.5 ± 11.3), male/female 27/13, intensive care unit stay (4.75 ± 3.9), floor stay (7.7 ± 3.7) days, portal vein velocity (63.96 ± 24.65 ml/sec), hepatic artery peak systolic velocity (74.76 ± 32.85) hepatic artery resistive index (0.7 ± 0.15), and triphasic/continuous venous outflow 27/13.
Conclusions: Middle hepatic vein incorporation in live donor liver graft is safe with a favorable outcome for recipient and donor, doppler US is one the important tool for evaluation and follow up of donor and recipient for detection of vascular complications and assessment of venous outflow and graft function. In addition, early discharge of the donor is a reasonable option.
Confounding Risk Factors in Developing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus among Children and Adolescents at Sulaimani Chronic Diabetes Health Center
Authors: Azize Pary Mohammad , Sadiq Chia H. 
Published: August 2021

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic health condition worldwide and the most common endocrine disease in children and adolescences. The aim of this study is to find out the risk factors, which lead to pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children and adolescent in diabetes health center Suleimani city. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at a special center for Type 1 Diabetes Miletus A questionnaire was developed and administered to a convenience sample of (170 ) mothers or fathers. Descriptive statistics data (frequency, percentage, mean and stander deviation) and also Factorial analysis (principal component analysis) was used in order to identify the effective factors affecting diabetes in children and Adolescents. The finding show that, 39.4 % of samples were aged between (9-13) years old, which stated as the highest rate among all age groups, while the minority of age was between (1-4) years old, which was equal to 8.2% of the total and the (Mean ±S.D) was equal to 10.44±4.04 respectively. The majority of age at diagnosis was between (5-8) years old, which is 35.3% and their food habit was normal diet, which is 73.5%, while the Sugar diet and Fatty diet were 25.9% and 0.6%y respectively. Most of the participants, 19.4% of family history was Type 2 diabetes, which was the first rank of the family history and majority of them were Kurdish in nationality. Age at diagnosis and mode of delivery considered as the first factor affect the type 1 diabetics mellitus. The second most common factor effect on diabetes disease in children and adolescents are maternal habit and maternal disease followed by Gestational age at birth and Neonatal disease, then food habits, Neonatal weight was estimated as the fourth component factors affecting Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Residency and Family history of autoimmune disease were ranked in the fifth line of factor, finally the weakest factor is nationality by total variance of 8.552%. The first years of life is play an important role in triggering and the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children and adolescent , also maternal diseases ( gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia and perinatal infection during pregnancy), healthy diet during pregnancy and education programs are recommended
Efecto del pH y cloruro de sodio sobre las propiedades tecnofuncionales de harina de semillas residuales de linaza (Linum usitatissimum L.)
Authors: Vegas Niño Rodolfo Moisés 
Published: August 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del pH y NaCl sobre el poder de absorción de agua, capacidad gelificante, emulsificante y espumante de harina de semillas residuales de linaza (Linum usitatissimum L.). La harina residual (sin mucílago) se obtuvo sometiendo a ebullición las semillas en agua destilada para su posterior filtración y secado (40 °C x 48 horas) y conversión en harina (harina tipo A). También se obtuvo harina de semillas de linaza entera (sin extraer el mucílago) a la cual se le denominó harina tipo B. Las propiedades tecnofuncionales fueron determinadas a pH de 3, 5, 7 y 9 así como en concentraciones de NaCl de 0.1, 0.25 y 0.5 M. La mayor capacidad de absorción de agua en la harina tipo A y B fue de 2.81 y 2.38 g H2O/g sólido respectivamente a pH 5. La absorción de aceite en las harinas tipo A y B fue de 1.87 y 1.26 g aceite/g sólido. La mayor emulsión en la harina tipo A (45.8%) se obtuvo a pH 9, en tanto que para la harina tipo B (57.97%) a pH 3. En la harina tipo A la gelificación fue débil a partir del 20% p/p, en tanto que en la harina tipo B fue débil a partir del 10% y fuerte a partir del 16% p/p. La capacidad espumante de la harina tipo A fue de 10.7% y de 4.07% en la harina tipo B, ambos a pH 7.
From the Company Town to the Innovation Zone: Frontiers of Public Policy, the State Action Doctrine, and the First Amendment
Authors: Peabody Bruce , Morgan Kyle 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article draws on the state action doctrine and the case Marsh v. Alabama to evaluate a recent proposal to create an unprecedented public-private partnership in the state of Nevada. In Marsh, the Supreme Court of the United States held that a private citizen was protected under the U.S. Constitution's First and Fourteenth Amendments in distributing religious literature on the sidewalk of a “company-owned” town. We make the case that both the state policy under consideration and a number of political and economic trend lines indicate that the issue central to Marsh remains pressing at the start of our new millennium: what are the circumstances under which concentrated private power amounts to something akin to government authority, thereby implicating the protections of the national Constitution? Our goal in this piece is not to offer an exhaustive or thorough review of the particulars of the “Innovation Zone” bill under consideration, but to consider, in advance, constitutional problems that might arise from granting corporations broad powers traditionally wielded by governments.