bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of isolates and immune function on hematologic parameters of Blastocystis infection rats
Authors: Deng Ting , Li Juan , Li Xiaohua , Li Xiaobo , Yan Yiming 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To define a complex of changes in hematologic parameters associated with subtypes (ST) of Blastocystis sp. infections and the status of immune function in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, and lay the foundation for Blastocystis hominis pathogenesis research. Methods: 5 isolates of ST1, ST3 and ST7 were used, including 1 isolate of ST1 from symptomatic patient, 2 isolates of ST3 and ST7 from symptomatic patients and asymptomatic carrier separately. Immune compromise model was set up using dexamethasone (DEX) and infection models with 5 isolates of ST1, ST3 and ST7, and then examined the hematologic changes post infection 15 days using fully automatic hematology analyzer sysmex xe-2100. Results: The results showed that infections of Blastocystis STs leaded to the increase of platelet indexes including MPV and PDW except ST3 isolated from asymptomatic carrier only with PDW increase and the higher values of PLT in ST7 isolated from asymptomatic carrier compared with the controls in the immune competence status (P < 0.05). However, the infections of Blastocystis ST7 isolated from symptomatic patient gave rise to higher values of WBC, LYMP, EO, MCV and RDW-SD while lower values of NEU% compared with the controls in immune compromise status (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, higher values of WBC and LYMP and lower NEUT% values were observed in ST1 infections compared with the controls (P < 0.05); lower NEUT values in ST1 infections and controls compared with ST3 and ST7 respectively were observed (P < 0.05); the infection of ST3 isolated from symptomatic patient resulted in higher values of MCV and RDW-SD while the asymptomatic isolate of ST3 only had higher RDW-SD (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The virulence of Blastocystis sp. isolated from symptomatic patient is higher than that of the identical subtype one isolated from asymptomatic carrier. The infection of ST7 isolated from symptomatic patients may result in the most distinct hematologic changes among STs, and then followed by ST1 symptomatic isolate. And the severity of Blastocystis sp. infection may be mediated by the immune status of host.
Research progress in immunotherapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Lu Xiaojuan , Shi Huaqiu , Que Qiuyang , Qiu Song 
Published: November 2021

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) poses a serious threat to people’s health. Its morbidity and mortality are among the highest among all malignant tumors, and there is an urgent need for more effective new treatment methods. In recent years, NSCLC immunotherapy has made great progress, the first PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab (Nivolumab, O drug) was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in March 2015, applying to the patients who progressed or has received platinum chemotherapy drugs in the past. Immunotherapy of advanced NSCLC has entered a new era. This article reviews the current research progress of NSCLC immunotherapy.
Research progress of NK cell immunodeficiency in immune escape of acute leukemia
Authors: Zhang Yuling , Yu Zhong , Li Hailiang 
Published: November 2021

NK cell immunodeficiency has a variety of manifestations and complex mechanisms in the tumor. NK cell immune deficiency is closely related to immune escape of acute leukemia. This paper demonstrates the immunological escape mechanism of acute leukemia from NK cell immune deficiency manifestation and cause.
The correlation between Serum phospholipase A2 receptor antibody and clinicopathological features in patients with membranous nephropathy
Authors: Huang Qipeng , Xu Gaosi , Wang Fang , Zeng Fang , Fang Weidong 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To assess the correlation between Serum phospholipase A2 receptor antibody and clinicopathological features in patients with membranous nephropathy. Method: The patients being hospitalized for renal biopsy were selected in this study from January 2016 to January 2018. And normal controls were randomly selected; all the patients were divided into idiopathic membranous nephropathy and non-idiopathic membranous nephropathy groups; patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy were divided into three groups, namely stage I, stage II and stage III; using software for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 357 patients were enrolled, including 155 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy, 183 patients with non-idiopathic membranous nephropathy, and 19 cases for normal controls. The average age of the idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) group is higher than that of the membranous nephropathy group (P = 0.01). Different pathological stages of idiopathic membranous nephropathy general clinical characteristics analysis results showed that the age, cys c, serum creatinine (Scr) in stage III membranous nephropathy group were higher than those of the stage I and II membranous nephropathy (P values were 0.003, 0.000 and 0.000 respectively); titers of serum phospholipase A2 receptors antibody with stage II and III membranous nephropathy higher than the stage I membranous nephropathy group (P = 0.006); serum albumin (Alb) levels correlated inversely with serum anti-PLA2R antibody titers (rs = –0.234, P = 0.003), serum antiphospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibody titer level in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy was significantly higher than that in patients with non-membranous nephropathy (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Baseline titer of serum anti-PLA2R antibody is negatively correlated with Alb in the IMN patients，and serum anti-PLA2R antibody level in patients with stage I IMN was significantly lower than stage II and III IMN patients.
Research progress in immunological mechanisms of Cryptococcus
Authors: Song Ying , Qiu Yufang , Liu Weiyou , Yuan Xiaoliang 
Published: November 2021

Whether infection of Cryptococcus causes disease in host or not depends on the virulence of the pathogen and the immune defense ability of the host. Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) mainly causes opportunistic infections in the immunocompromised or immunodeficient patients. In contrast, Cryptococcus gattii (C. gattii) mainly attacks the immunocompetent individuals. On the one hand, the host immune cells can eliminate the invasive Cryptococcus through a complex immune mechanism; on the other hand, Cryptococcus can evade the clearance of host immune cells by adopting various strategies (immune escape). This review mainly focuses on the pathogenic mechanism of Cryptococcus, and the host’s immune defense mechanism against cryptococcal infection.
Studies on the proliferation inhibition effects of TUA from Actinidia chinensis Radix on lung cancer xenografts in nude mice and its preliminary mechanism
Authors: Guo Xiaohua , Hu Haibo , Jin Qi , Li Hongliang , Cheng Qilai 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To investigate inhibitory effect of TUA (2β, 3β, 23-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid) isolated from Actinidia chinensis Radix on the lung cancer xenografts in nude mice and explore its preliminary mechanism. Methods: NCI-H460 cells were implanted into nude mice and the transplantation tumor block from nude mice of more than 2 generations was inoculated to the right armpits of BALB/c mice with dissecting needle to establish a lung cancer xenograft model. When the transplanted volume was about 50 mm3, the mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: (1) model group; (2) 10 mg·kg–1 cisplatin group; (3) 10 mg·kg–1 PDTC group; (4) TUA high dose group (30 mg·kg–1); (5) TUA middle dose group (12 mg·kg–1); (6) TUA low dose group (6 mg·kg–1). Administration approach was intratumoral injection. The effects of each group on the weight of transplanted tumor animals, the volume and weight of tumor were continuously observed for 14 days. Tumor volume growth curve was drawn and tumor inhibitory rate and index were calculated; HE staining was used to observe nude mice tumor tissue pathological changes. The effects of TUA on NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results: In vivo experiments showed that the transplanted tumors in nude mice became smaller compared with the models. With the increase of TUA dose, the tumor tissue became smaller and smaller, especially in high TUA dose (30 mg·kg–1). It had the similar size with the NF-κB inhibitor PDTC (10 mg·kg–1) group. HE dyeing observation results confirmed the degree of tumor necrosis and fission in TUA treated tumor tissues obviously decreased. Immunohistochemical results showed that comparing the TUA treatment group with the model group, p65 expression in tumor tissues was reduced, and expression of IκBα increased. Western blot results also showed that the NF-κB related p65 protein expression levels decreased, at the same time IκBα protein expression level increased; the apoptosis related proteins Survivin protein expression was depressed, Caspase-3 protein expression was promoted. Conclusion: TUA significantly inhibits the growth of lung transplantation tumor and its mechanism. It may be related to the decreasing the expression of p65, Survivin and increasing the expression of IκBα, Caspase-3 in tumor tissues.
Combining PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and PARP inhibitor: a new perspective on the treatment of triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Xie Ruilian 
Published: November 2021

Compared with other types of breast cancer, triple negative breast cancer has a poor survival prognosis due to its high aggressiveness and lack of effective therapeutic targets. Immune checkpoint (PD-1/PD-L1 and CTL-4) inhibitors have emerged as a breakthrough therapy in the treatment in various metastatic cancers. PARP inhibitors promote DNA damage in tumor cells, not only promoting immune initiation through a series of molecular mechanisms, but also leading to adaptive upregulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Therefore, the combination of the two inhibitors can improve the efficacy of tumor treatment. We reviewed the research progress of their combined use in triple negative breast cancer, and put forward relevant ideas for further development, hoping to find the best treatment mode of the combined use of the two.
The expression and significance of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in breast cancer patients’ blood, urine and cancer tissue
Authors: Liu Zhiyong , Yi Jian , Liu Feng’en 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To explore the expression and clinic significance of 8-OHdG in breast cancer. Methods: Pre-operative serum 8-OHdG levels were detected with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a well-defined series of 173 breast cancer patients. 8-OHdG expression in cancer cells from 150 of these patients was examined by immunohistochemistry. The HPLC-ECD method is used to determine 8-OHdG concentration in urine. Results: The serum 8-OHdG levels and immunohistochemical 8-OHdG expression were in concordance with each other (P < 0.05, r = 0.163). Breast cancer patients with negative 8-OHdG immunostaining show lower survival rate according to the multivariate analysis (P < 0.01). This observation was even more remarkable in ductal carcinomas (n = 140) patients (P < 0.001). A low serum 8-OHdG level was associated statistically significantly with lymphatic vessel invasion and a positive lymph node status. Comparison of 8-OHdG concentration in urine of breast cancer patients and healthy women was statistical significance (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Low serum 8-OHdG levels and a low immunohistochemical 8-OHdG expression were associated with an aggressive breast cancer phenotype. In addition, negative 8-OHdG immunostaining was an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer-specific death in breast carcinoma patients. Using 8-OHdG concentration in urine to predict DNA damage resulting from breast cancer can provide good biological indicators for detecting harm in early breast cancer.
Effect of 1.25(OH)2D3 on experimental autoimmune neuritis and its mechanism
Authors: Nian Di , Li Zhuohan , Sun Junjie , Shi Peng 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To study the potential therapeutic effects of active vitamin D3 (1.25(OH)2D3) in the experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN). Methods: The EAN model was established by actively immunizing Lewis rats with synthetic P0180–199 pepide and Freund’s complete adjuvant. 1.25(OH)2D3 treatment was given, weight change of rats and clinical score were analyzed. HE staining was used to detect the inflammatory cell infiltration of sciatic nerves and demyelination of sciatic nerves was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) at the same time. The expressions of inflammatory cytokines IL-17, IL-10, TGF-β, IFN-γ were detected by ELISA, and the expressions of Th17, Treg were examined by RT-PCR. Results: 1.25(OH)2D3 ameliorated body weight loss and myelin lesions. It decreased expressions of inflammatory cytokines IL-17, IFN-γ and RORrt while those of IL-10, TGF-β and FoxP3 were increased. Conclusions: 1.25(OH)2D3 can improve the clinical pathological changes of EAN rats, and the mechanism may be related to the changes of inflammatory cytokines. 1.25(OH)2D3 is expected to become a new strategy for the clinical treatment of GBS/EAN.
Combination of anti-angiogenic therapy Apatinib and immune therapy potentiate tumor microenvironment
Authors: Gao Chunyi , Hu Tianhui 
Published: November 2021

Tumor immune therapy, especially anti-programmed cell death ligand-1/programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1/PD-1) treatment, is currently the focus of substantial attention. However, despite its enormous successes, the overall response rate of cancer immunotherapy remains suboptimal. There is an increased interest in combining PD-L1/PD-1 treatment with anti-angiogenic drug Apatinib to enhance antitumor effect. Presently available data seem to suggest that Apatinib may exert immune suppressive effects to make the PD-L1/PD-1 treatment works. Here, we review the extensive tumor microenvironment immune modulatory effects from antiangiogenic agents Apatinib in order to supporting VEGFR2 targettherapies in clinical trials are existing.
La psiquiatría fenomenológica de la esquizofrenia según Thomas Fuchs
Authors: De Barrio Rosa María 
Published: November 2021

Resumen
Esta investigación trata sobre la esquizofrenia como trastorno de la intercorporalidad. Ésta según Thomas Fuchs, sucesor de Karl Jaspers en la cátedra, y como él, psiquiatra y filósofo, no es un trastorno ni primariamente cognitivo ni neurológico, sino de la intersubjetividad encarnada. Al explorar esta tesis, desarrollaremos gran parte de los conceptos de la antropología filosófica elaborada por Fuchs: resonancia corpórea, transparencia corpórea, intercorporalidad e interafectividad.
The effects of recreational cannabis access on labor markets: evidence from Colorado
Authors: Chakraborty Avinandan , Doremus Jacqueline , Stith Sarah 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recreational cannabis markets possibly increase labor demand through investments in facilities for growing, processing, and retail sales of cannabis, as well as through other industries such as manufacturing, leisure, and hospitality. However, this increase in labor demand may vary substantially across counties within a state as most states with legal recreational cannabis allow individual counties to ban commercial cannabis sales. Meanwhile, labor supply may change through positive and negative effects from cannabis use. Using county-level Colorado data from 2011 to 2018 and exploiting variation across counties in the existence and timing of the start of dispensary sales, we test for changes in the unemployment rate, employment, and wages, overall and by industry subsector. Consistent with an increase in labor demand, we estimate that the sale of recreational cannabis through dispensaries is associated with a 0.7 percentage point decrease in the unemployment rate with no effect on the size of the labor force. We also find a 4.5% increase in the number of employees, with the strongest effects found in manufacturing. We find no effect on wages. Given the lack of a reduction in labor force participation or wages, negative effects on labor supply are likely limited, in line with the existing literature. The decrease in unemployment, coupled with an increase in the number of employees, indicates that labor demand effects likely dominate effects on labor supply. Our results suggest that policymakers considering recreational access to cannabis should anticipate a possible increase in employment.
Sub-cellular elemental imaging of human muscle tissues affected by neuromuscular diseases
Authors: Śliż-Szpytma Patrycja , Lankosz Marek , Dudała Joanna , Adamek Dariusz , Radwanska Edyta , Kwinta Borys , Jakšić Milko , Božičević Mihalić Iva , Provatas Georgios 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Various types of neuromuscular diseases differ in symptoms, pathology, and clinical picture but one of their common elements is muscle weakness, which could lead to human motor activities impairment and in many cases to shortening of life span and even death due to respiratory failure. That is why it is very important to better understand the underlying causes of these diseases to be able to implement new methods of treatment more effectively. This paper presents the results of the elemental analysis of human muscular tissues affected by dystrophy and myopathy. For this purpose, the particle-induced X-ray emission method was used, which is perfectly suited for measuring light elements. The samples were analysed for differences in the elemental composition of Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K, Fe, Zn, and Br. The results were presented in the form of elemental concentration maps and a thorough statistical analysis of the obtained data using the advanced statistical methods.
Effect of gamma irradiation on microbiological and nutritional properties of the freeze-dried berries
Authors: Mašić Slobodan , Vujčić Ivica 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Lyophilization or freeze-drying is the technique of removing ice or other frozen solvents from a material through sublimation and the removal of bound water molecules through the process of desorption. Drying occurs in an absolute vacuum at temperatures from −40°C to −50°C. This technique is often used for the conservation of fruits, especially berries. During this process, the water changes from frozen to gaseous, with no thawing. Due to low temperatures and the high vacuum, most microorganisms are rendered inactive during the lyophilization process. However, if there is a necessity to destroy all microorganisms from treated food, subsequent irradiation with gamma rays is an appropriate method. This paper investigated the influence of different doses of gamma radiation on lyophilized berries’ microbiological characteristics. It was shown that the radiation dose of 7 kGy is sufficient to eliminate the total number of microorganisms (excluding molds) to the extent that the number falls below the permitted limit according t o the law on the microbiological safety of foodstuffs of the Republic of Serbia, and 5 kGy is enough for molds to be rendered inactive. It was also concluded that gamma irradiation does not affect the nutritional value of lyophilized berries.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN DAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: ALWI HAPIDZ 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTÂ The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of profitability, firm size, and leverage proxied into corporate characteristics, managerial ownership and institutional ownership proxied into good corporate governance towards corporate social responsibility disclosure. The dependent variable is disclosure of corporate social responsibility. Independent variables are profitability, company size, leverage, managerial ownership and institutional ownership. This study uses secondary data from annual reports and sustainability reports on Listed Companies in KOMPAS 100 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2017. Samples are 100 companies. This study uses a purposive sampling method and multiple linear regression as an analysis method. Before the regression test, it was tested using the classic assumption test. The results of this study indicate that company size and institutions do not have a significant effect on CSR disclosure while profitability, leverage, and managerial ownershipÂ
Penerapan SAK ETAP, Kinerja Usaha, dan Keberlanjutan UMKM di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Pramudiati Ningrum , Putri Anandita Zulia , Basri Anindita Imam 
Published: November 2021

This research purports to validate the influence of The Indonesian AccountingÂ Standards for Non-Publicly-Accountable Entities (SAK ETAP) on the business performance and sustainability of micro and small business (UMKM). In addition this research purports to measure the influence of business performance on UKMâ€™s sustainability. This research is based on primary data in the form of questionnaire using purposive sampling method and interview with selected sources. This research is expected to provide benefit for UMKM owners in their financial reports practice according SAK ETAP as to improve their business performance and sustainability. This research delineates the correlation between the implementation of SAK ETAP and the sustainability of UMKM business as mediating variable not yet found in any previous study.Â Â Keywords: the implementation of SAK ETAP, business performance, UMKMâ€™s sustainability
The Effect Of Managerial and Institutional Ownership Towards Earnings Management With Profitability As Moderating Variable
Authors: Prayogi Agung , Setyorini Christina Tri 
Published: November 2021

This research aims to predict the effect of managerial ownership and institutional ownership towards earnings management with profitability as moderating variable. Â The population of this research is 52 consumer goods industrial companies that are listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange year 2016-2018. The sample of this research consists of 18 consumer goods industrial companies which are chosen using purposive sampling method. Technique of data analysis carried out in this research are multiple linear regression analysis and moderated regression analysis. The result of the research states that managerial ownership does not affect negatively towards the earnings management. That is because the managerial ownership is not capable to be the media of the corporate governance which could decrease interest disharmony between management with owner or shareholder. Â Besides, the percentage of managerial ownership in Indonesia is still low. So does institutional ownership does not negatively affect the earning management. It is because there are many institutions that less active in giving pressure to management activity and lacks of supervision towards the managementâ€™s work. Meanwhile, profitability with return on assets proxy is not able to weaken the effect of managerial ownership and institutional ownership towards earnings management. From the result of the research, it can be concluded that companies should increase the implementation of good corporate governance to decrease the practice of earning management. Besides, investors should be careful in their investments activities of a company.