bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Intraoperative Ultrasound B-Mode and Strain Elastography for the Differentiation of Glioblastomas From Solitary Brain Metastases. An Automated Deep Learning Approach for Image Analysis
Authors: Cepeda Santiago , García-García Sergio , Arrese Ignacio , Fernández-Pérez Gabriel , Velasco-Casares María , Fajardo-Puentes Manuel , Zamora Tomás , Sarabia Rosario 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe differential diagnosis of glioblastomas (GBM) from solitary brain metastases (SBM) is essential because the surgical strategy varies according to the histopathological diagnosis. Intraoperative ultrasound elastography (IOUS-E) is a relatively novel technique implemented in the surgical management of brain tumors that provides additional information about the elasticity of tissues. This study compares the discriminative capacity of intraoperative ultrasound B-mode and strain elastography to differentiate GBM from SBM.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent craniotomy between March 2018 to June 2020 with glioblastoma (GBM) and solitary brain metastases (SBM) diagnoses. Cases with an intraoperative ultrasound study were included. Images were acquired before dural opening, first in B-mode, and then using the strain elastography module. After image pre-processing, an analysis based on deep learning was conducted using the open-source software Orange. We have trained an existing neural network to classify tumors into GBM and SBM via the transfer learning method using Inception V3. Then, logistic regression (LR) with LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regularization, support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), neural network (NN), and k-nearest neighbor (kNN) were used as classification algorithms. After the models’ training, ten-fold stratified cross-validation was performed. The models were evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), classification accuracy, and precision.ResultsA total of 36 patients were included in the analysis, 26 GBM and 10 SBM. Models were built using a total of 812 ultrasound images, 435 of B-mode, 265 (60.92%) corresponded to GBM and 170 (39.8%) to metastases. In addition, 377 elastograms, 232 (61.54%) GBM and 145 (38.46%) metastases were analyzed. For B-mode, AUC and accuracy values of the classification algorithms ranged from 0.790 to 0.943 and from 72 to 89%, respectively. For elastography, AUC and accuracy values ranged from 0.847 to 0.985 and from 79% to 95%, respectively.ConclusionAutomated processing of ultrasound images through deep learning can generate high-precision classification algorithms that differentiate glioblastomas from metastases using intraoperative ultrasound. The best performance regarding AUC was achieved by the elastography-based model supporting the additional diagnostic value that this technique provides.
A New Proton Therapy Solution Provides Superior Cardiac Sparing Compared With Photon Therapy in Whole Lung Irradiation for Pediatric Tumor Patients
Authors: Sha Xue , Duan Jinghao , Lin Xiutong , Zhu Jian , Zhang Ruohui , Sun Tao , Wang Hui , Meng Xiangjuan , Yin Yong 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveWhole lung irradiation (WLI) plays a crucial role in local control in pediatric patients with lung metastases and improves patient survival. The intention of this research was to explore the advantage of cardiac sparing between photons and protons during WLI. We also propose a new solution for cardiac sparing with proton techniques.MethodsEleven patients with pediatric tumors and pulmonary metastasis treated with 12 Gy WLI (all received volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT)) in our institute between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively selected. Each patient was replanned with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), helical tomotherapy (HT), and two intensity-modulated proton radiotherapy (IMPT) plans (IMPT-1 and IMPT-2). IMPT-1 considered the whole lung as the planning target volume (PTV), utilizing the anteroposterior technique (0/180°). IMPT-2 was a new proton solution that we proposed in this research. This approach considered the unilateral lung as the PTV, and 3 ipsilateral fields were designed for each lung. Then, IMPT-2 was generated by summing two unilateral lung plans. The primary objective was to obtain adequate coverage (95% of the prescription dose to the PTV) while maximally sparing the dose to the heart. The PTV coverage, conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), and dose–volume statistics of the heart and substructures were assessed by means of the averages of each comparison parameter.ResultsAll treatment techniques achieved the target volume coverage required by clinical practice. HT yielded the best coverage and homogeneity for the target structure compared with other techniques. The CI from IMRT was excellent. For photon radiation therapy, the HT plan afforded superior dose sparing for the V5, V6, V7, V8, and Dmean of the heart and Dmean of the right ventricle (RV). IMRT displayed the most notable dose reductions in the V9, V10, V11, and V12 of the heart and Dmean of the right atrium (RA). The VMAT plan was the least effective on the heart and substructures. However, compared with photon radiation therapy, IMPT-1 did not show an advantage for heart protection. Interestingly, IMPT-2 provided significant superiority in cardiac sparing, including maximum dose sparing for the V5, V6, V7, V8, V9 and Dmean of the heart and Dmean of the RA, RV, left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV) compared to all other techniques.ConclusionsConsidering the complex anatomical relation between target volumes and organs at risk (OARs), IMPT can provide a dose advantage for organs located outside of the target area rather than within or surrounding the area. It is hoped that advances in proton therapy (PT) plan design will lead to further improvements in radiotherapy approaches and provide the best treatment choice for individual patients.
Comparison of Radiomic Models Based on Low-Dose and Standard-Dose CT for Prediction of Adenocarcinomas and Benign Lesions in Solid Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: Liu Jieke , Xu Hao , Qing Haomiao , Li Yong , Yang Xi , He Changjiu , Ren Jing , Zhou Peng 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop radiomic models based on low-dose CT (LDCT) and standard-dose CT to distinguish adenocarcinomas from benign lesions in patients with solid solitary pulmonary nodules and compare the performance among these radiomic models and Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS). The reproducibility of radiomic features between LDCT and standard-dose CT were also evaluated.MethodsA total of 141 consecutive pathologically confirmed solid solitary pulmonary nodules were enrolled including 50 adenocarcinomas and 48 benign nodules in primary cohort and 22 adenocarcinomas and 21 benign nodules in validation cohort. LDCT and standard-dose CT scans were conducted using same acquisition parameters and reconstruction method except for radiation dose. All nodules were automatically segmented and 104 original radiomic features were extracted. The concordance correlation coefficient was used to quantify reproducibility of radiomic features between LDCT and standard-dose CT. Radiomic features were selected to build radiomic signature, and clinical characteristics and radiomic signature were combined to develop radiomic nomogram for LDCT and standard-dose CT, respectively. The performance of radiomic models and Lung-RADS was assessed by area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity.ResultsShape and first order features, and neighboring gray tone difference matrix features were highly reproducible between LDCT and standard-dose CT. No significant differences of AUCs were found among radiomic signature and nomogram of LDCT and standard-dose CT in both primary and validation cohort (0.915 vs. 0.919 vs. 0.898 vs. 0.909 and 0.976 vs. 0.976 vs. 0.985 vs. 0.987, respectively). These radiomic models had higher specificity than Lung-RADS (all correct P &lt; 0.05), while there were no significant differences of sensitivity between Lung-RADS and radiomic models.ConclusionsThe diagnostic performance of LDCT-based radiomic models to differentiate adenocarcinomas from benign lesions in solid pulmonary nodules were equivalent to that of standard-dose CT. The LDCT-based radiomic model with higher specificity and lower false-positive rate than Lung-RADS might help reduce overdiagnosis and overtreatment of solid pulmonary nodules in lung cancer screening.
Congenital Hypopituitarism During the Neonatal Period: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Therapeutic Options, and Outcome
Authors: Bosch i Ara Laura , Katugampola Harshini , Dattani Mehul T. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:Congenital hypopituitarism (CH) is characterized by a deficiency of one or more pituitary hormones. The pituitary gland is a central regulator of growth, metabolism, and reproduction. The anterior pituitary produces and secretes growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin. The posterior pituitary hormone secretes antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin.Epidemiology:The incidence is 1 in 4,000–1 in 10,000. The majority of CH cases are sporadic; however, a small number of familial cases have been identified. In the latter, a molecular basis has frequently been identified. Between 80–90% of CH cases remain unsolved in terms of molecular genetics.Pathogenesis:Several transcription factors and signaling molecules are involved in the development of the pituitary gland. Mutations in any of these genes may result in CH includingHESX1, PROP1, POU1F1, LHX3, LHX4, SOX2, SOX3, OTX2, PAX6, FGFR1, GLI2, andFGF8. Over the last 5 years, several novel genes have been identified in association with CH, but it is likely that many genes remain to be identified, as the majority of patients with CH do not have an identified mutation.Clinical manifestations:Genotype-phenotype correlations are difficult to establish. There is a high phenotypic variability associated with different genetic mutations. The clinical spectrum includes severe midline developmental disorders, hypopituitarism (in isolation or combined with other congenital abnormalities), and isolated hormone deficiencies.Diagnosis and treatment:Key investigations include MRI and baseline and dynamic pituitary function tests. However, dynamic tests of GH secretion cannot be performed in the neonatal period, and a diagnosis of GH deficiency may be based on auxology, MRI findings, and low growth factor concentrations. Once a hormone deficit is confirmed, hormone replacement should be started. If onset is acute with hypoglycaemia, cortisol deficiency should be excluded, and if identified this should be rapidly treated, as should TSH deficiency. This review aims to give an overview of CH including management of this complex condition.
L’apothicairerie de l’hôpital de Lunéville. Qu’en savons-nous et qu’en reste-t-il ?
Authors: Labrude Pierre , Carciofi Jean-Pierre , Loillier Caroline 
Published: February 2021

The apothecary of Lunéville hospital. What do we know about it and what remains currently of it ? –
The hospital was founded at the beginning of the XVIIIth century by Leopold, duke of Lorraine, and it received a great number of pharmaceutical vessels, undoubtedly by duke Stanislas in the middle of this century. All of them were selected as historical monuments in year 1966 and sold to the museum of the town in 1969. But all of them were destroyed during an important fire in the early days of year 2003. Is seems that no historical, artistical and scientifical study of them was never done. Although we know some inventories, these documents suffer of a lack of knowledges on drugs stored in these vessels and also of a lack of accurate photographs. The new museum is currently working on a removal of collections and some pharmaceutical vessels have already been bought ou deposited. Some exhibitions are also organized. On the other hand, museums and private collections contain some pots issued from the local factoreries at the same period of XVIIIth century. We have then some good ideas on the disappeared apothecary. However, only the discovery of unknown archivs would allow to render an exact knowledge of this important collection of pharmaceutical vessels of the century of Lumières in Lorraine.
ПРОУЧВАНЕ НА ЗАВИСИМОСТТА МЕЖДУ НЕВРОЛОГИЧНИЯ ДЕФИЦИТ И АНАТОМИЧНАТА ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПРИ ПАЦИЕНТИ С ВЕНОЗНИ МОЗЪЧНИ ТРОМБОЗИ - РЕТРОСПЕКТИВЕН АНАЛИЗ
Authors: Stratieva Stratina , Valova Tatyana , Prinova K , Pashkunova S 
Published: February 2021

Резюме
Целта на настоящето проучване е да се проучи връзката между анатомичната локализация на тромбозата и тежестта на неврологичния дефицит при пациенти с венозни мозъчни тромбози (ВМТ). Използваният диагностичен метод е МРТ-венография. Проучването е ретроспективно и включва 49 пациента, преминали през Клиника „Нервни болести” на ВМА в периода 2005-2015 г. Пациентите бяха разделени по групи в зависимост от тежестта на неврологичния дефицит и от анатомичната локализация на тромбозата. Потърсихме зависимост между тези два показателя. От проведения анализ не се установи статистически значима зависимост.
Ключови думи: анатомична локализация, ВМТ, клинична изява
Exercício aeróbio, de resistência ou combinado: que tipo mais contribui para melhorar a função endotelial? Resenha da metanálise de Ashor et al.
Authors: Campos Felipe Keese Diogo 
Published: February 2021

Introdução: Como parte da Edição Especial de 2020 I, a Revista de Educação Física / Journal of Physical Education (REF/JPE) está trazendo aspectos científicos da prática de atividade física relacionados à pandemia de CoViD-19.
Objetivo: Apresentar e indicar aos leitores da REF/JPE, a leitura do estudo de revisão, com metanálise, de Ashor et al., publicado em um periódico internacional. Baseado em estudos de ensaio clínico randomizados, os efeitos do exercício aeróbio, de resistência e combinado de ambos sobre a função endotelial foram comparados. A literatura recente indica que a CoViD-19 envolve o endotélio no processo, nesse sentido, avaliar qual o tipo de exercício melhora sua função é de alta relevância.
Conclusão: Todas as modalidades de exercício (aeróbio, resistidos e combinados) aumentaram a função endotelial significativamente em comparação com os grupos controle. Os maiores efeitos foram observados com os exercícios aeróbicos, seguidos pelos exercícios combinados e resistidos. Em exercícios aeróbios, houve uma relação dose-resposta significativa entre a intensidade tanto absoluta quanto relativa do exercício aeróbio e a função endotelial. Em exercícios resistidos a correlação positiva foi encontrada na frequência e não na intensidade. Os resultados foram discutidos pelos autores, recomenda-se a leitura.
O impacto da nutrição na suscetibilidade à CoViD-19 e as consequências em longo prazo: resenha do Comentário de Butler e Barrientos
Authors: Souza Laise Lourdes Pereira Tavares de 
Published: February 2021

Introdução: Como parte da Edição Especial de 2020 I, a Revista de Educação Física / Journal of Physical Education (REF/JPE) está trazendo aspectos científicos da prática de atividade física relacionados à pandemia de CoViD-19.
Objetivo: Apresentar e indicar aos leitores da REF/JPE, a leitura do comentário de Butler e Barrientos, publicado em um periódico internacional sobre os efeitos de uma dieta inadequada sobre o sistema imunológico e implicações em relação à CoViD-19.
Conclusão: A adoção de dietas mais saudáveis é de fundamental importância para favorecer a resposta imunológica. Em obesos, a adoção de dietas adequadas apresenta um rápido efeito anti-inflamatório. Assim, ressalta-se a relevância dos aspectos nutricionais sobretudo em indivíduos com risco aumentado para quadros mais graves de CoViD-19. Recomenda-se a leitura do artigo.
Atividade física e CoViD-19 – implicações biopsicofisiológicas: uma resenha do artigo de revisão de Woods et al.
Authors: Marson Runer Augusto 
Published: February 2021

Introdução: Como parte da Edição Especial de 2020 I, a Revista de Educação Física / Journal of Physical Education (REF/JPE) está trazendo aspectos científicos da prática de atividade física relacionados à pandemia de CoViD-19.
Objetivo: Apresentar e indicar aos leitores da REF/JPE, a leitura o estudo de revisão sistemática de Woods et al., publicado em um periódico internacional sobre as implicações de mecanismos celulares, efeitos do envelhecimento, nutrição adequada e atividade física regular no contexto da CoViD-19.
Conclusão: A CoViD-19 afeta, principalmente, os sistemas respiratório e imunológico. A recomendação para indivíduos saudáveis é a de que devem permanecer fisicamente ativos, ainda que em distanciamento social a fim de promover sua saúde. Recomenda-se a leitura do trabalho de Woods et al.
Samply: A user-friendly smartphone app and web-based means of scheduling and sending mobile notifications for experience-sampling research
Authors: Shevchenko Yury , Kuhlmann Tim , Reips Ulf-Dietrich 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUndertaking an experience-sampling study via smartphones is complex. Scheduling and sending mobile notifications often requires the use of proprietary software that imposes limits on participants’ operating systems (whether iOS or Android) or the types of questions that can be asked via the application. We have developed an open-source platform—Samply—which overcomes these limitations. Researchers can access the entire interface via a browser, manage studies, schedule and send notifications linking to online surveys or experiments created in any Internet-based service or software, and monitor participants' responses—all without the coding skills usually needed to program a native mobile application. Participants can download the Samply Research mobile application for free from Google Play or the App Store, join a specific study, receive notifications and web links to surveys or experiments, and track their involvement. The mobile application leverages the power of the React Native JavaScript library, which allows it to be rendered in the native code of Android and iOS mobile operating systems. We describe Samply, provide a step-by-step example of conducting an experience-sampling study, and present the results of two validation studies. Study 1 demonstrates how we improved the website’s usability for researchers. Study 2 validates the mobile application’s data recording ability by analyzing a survey’s participation rate. The application’s possible limitations and how mobile device settings might affect its reliability are discussed.
PENGARUH KEDISIPLINAN PIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI KANTOR KELURAHAN LOMPO RIAJA KABUPATEN BARRU
Authors: Handayani Dwi Nur 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kedisplinan pimpinan terhadap kinerja pegawai di Kantor Kelurahan Lompo Riaja Kabupaten Barru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menjelaskan hubungan dan anggota sampelnya sebanyak 16 orang pegawai dengan menggunakan metode sampling jenuh. Jenis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan tipe penelitian survei yakni penelitian lapangan untuk mengumpulkan data informasi dari responden melalui kuesioner sebagai pengumpulan data secara langsung di lokasi penelitian. Variabel penelitian terdiri dari variabel independen (x) yaitu kedisiplinan pimpinan, sedangkan variabel dependen (y) yaitu kinerja pegawai. Tekni analisis data untuk mengetahui kedisiplinan pimpinan dan kinerja pegawai digunakan teknik analisis frekuensi dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara kedisiplinan pimpinan terhadap kinerja pegawai maka digunakan teknik analisis regresi linear sederhana dengan bantuan SPSS 16.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang cukup kuat kedisiplinan pimpinan terhadap kinerja pegawai di Kantor Kelurahan Lompo Riaja Kabupaten Barru, dimana kedisiplinan pimpinan pada kantor Kelurahan Lompo Riaja Kabupaten Barru masih berada pada kategori kurang disiplin, hal ini bisa dilihat dari nilai akumulasi kedisiplinan pimpinan dengan persentase sebesar 56,25 persen; kinerja pegawai di kantor Kelurahan Lompo Riaja Kabupaten Barru masih berada pada kategori kurang baik, hal ini bisa dilihat dari nilai akumulasi kinerja pegawai dengan persentase sebesar 37,5 persen; Hasil uji regresi yang telah dilakukan secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh kedisiplinan pimpinan sebagai variabel independen terhadap kinerja pegawai sebagai variabel dependen memiliki pengaruh yang lemah dan ada beberapa koefisien korelasi yang bernilai negatif, artinya tidak memiliki kontribusi terhadap kinerja pegawai; Hasil uji regresi yang telah dilakukan secara simultan menunjukkan bahwa kedisiplinan pimpinan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai, ini dapat dilihat pada nilai pearson correlation sebesar 0,641 artinya pengaruh kedisiplinan pimpinan terhadap kinerja pegawai cukup kuat.

Kata Kunci: Kedisiplinan, Pimpinan, Kinerja, Pegawai
Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematika Siswa SMA dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Materi Program Linear Ditinjau dari Kecerdasan Linguistik
Authors: Mohammad Nabil Nurfaizi  
Published: February 2021

Komunikasi memiliki banyak peran dalam dunia pendidikan, termasuk pada pembelajaran matematika. Komunikasi matematika tidak hanya dilakukan secara lisan saja, tetapi bentuk tulisan juga. Komunikasi matematika sangat dibutuhkan ketika menyelesaikan soal cerita karena informasi pada soal cerita perlu dipahami dan dituliskan dengan benar. Kecerdasan linguistik termasuk dalam teori kecerdasan majemuk yang ditemukan oleh Howard Gardner. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematika siswa SMA dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita ditinjau dari kecerdasan linguistik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan kecerdasan linguistik tinggi mencapai seluruh indikator komunikasi matematika.Sedangkan siswa dengan kecerdasan linguistik sedang belum mencapai seluruh indikator begitu juga siswa dengan kecerdasan linguistik rendah. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar guru dapat menentukan model pembelajaran dan kegiatan pembelajaran yang cocok untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi siswa.
Les négociations du Brexit entre l’Union européenne et le Royaume-Uni : un festival d’erreurs stratégiques
Authors: Dehousse Franklin 
Published: February 2021

Le Brexit a fait l’objet d’analyses extrêmement contradictoires. Sa compréhension a été compliquée par des jeux politiciens des deux côtés de la Manche, qui ont souvent masqué ses enjeux stratégiques à long terme. Il pose en effet des défis complexes à l’Union européenne. Ceux-ci méritent une réflexion sérieuse, car ils s’insèrent dans une projection plus générale du marché unique vers l’extérieur de l’Union européenne, sans nécessairement disposer du support institutionnel requis. Au fond du Brexit, comme de cette projection, git toujours l’interrogation essentielle de l’Union depuis 1952. Il est difficile de créer un marché fortement intégré sans des institutions fortes. Cela vaut a fortiori pour des projets qui requièrent une intervention publique plus soutenue, comme l’immigration, la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique ou la Défense. Cette interrogation explique également beaucoup des complexités du nouvel accord conclu le 24 décembre 2020 1 . Elle mérite un débat public clair pour éviter de répéter sans limite les malentendus britanniques.