bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Activity Recognition Using Wearable Sensors, Discriminant Analysis, and Long Short-Term Memory-based Neural Structured Learning
Authors: Uddin Md Zia , Soylu Ahmet 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Healthcare using body sensor data has been getting huge research attentions by a wide range of researchers because of its good practical applications such as smart health care systems. For instance, smart wearable sensor-based behavior recognition system can observe elderly people in a smart eldercare environment to improve their lifestyle and can also help them by warning about forthcoming unprecedented events such as falls or other health risk, to prolong their independent life. Although there are many ways of using distinguished sensors to observe behavior of people, wearable sensors mostly provide reliable data in this regard to monitor the individual’s functionality and lifestyle. In this paper, we propose a body sensor-based activity modeling and recognition system using time-sequential information-based deep Neural Structured Learning (NSL), a promising deep learning algorithm. First, we obtain data from multiple wearable sensors while the subjects conduct several daily activities. Once the data is collected, the time-sequential information then go through some statistical feature processing. Furthermore, kernel-based discriminant analysis (KDA) is applied to see the better clustering of the features from different activity classes by minimizing inner-class scatterings while maximizing inter-class scatterings of the samples. The robust time-sequential features are then applied with Neural Structured Learning (NSL) based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), for activity modeling. The proposed approach achieved around 99% recall rate on a public dataset. It is also compared to existing different conventional machine learning methods such as typical Deep Belief Network (DBN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) where they yielded the maximum recall rate of 94%. Furthermore, a fast and efficient explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) algorithm, Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) is used to explain and check the machine learning decisions. The robust activity recognition system can be adopted for understanding peoples' behavior in their daily life in different environments such as homes, clinics, and offices.
The Neural Economics of Brain Aging
Authors: Kosyakovsky Jacob 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Human brain aging is a true spectrum across the population, ranging from minimal changes on the microscopic level to full-blown neurodegenerative disease with accumulation of pathology, neuronal loss, dysfunctional large-scale brain networks, and progressive functional decline. Although much is known about the individual mechanisms involved in brain aging, a convincing framework that ties these highly related processes together is lacking. Herein, using mathematical modeling, I sought to understand decline with brain aging by capturing the essential macro-level processes that shape how a brain changes over the lifetime. I develop ABC (Aging Brain Capital), a simple linear simultaneous-equation model that unites aspects of neuroscience, economics, and thermodynamics to explain the evolution of brain pathology and human brain capital, the infrastructure and processes that underlie brain function, over the lifespan. The results of this model suggest that aging-associated decline in brain function is inevitable, driven by the finite nature of the brain’s pathology-clearance capacity. Furthermore, age-related neurodegenerative diseases can be understood as part of this aging process, explaining the spectrum of pathology and neurodegeneration across the population. I demonstrate that several essential aspects of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD) can be likewise explained in this framework incorporating amyloid-tau interaction, the emerging concept that amyloid pathology accelerates tau pathology. The conception of Alzheimer pathogenesis that I present not only explains and unifies the basis for familial AD, primary-age-related tauopathy (PART), and late-onset AD (LOAD), but also reconciles amyloid-centered, tau-centered, and synergistic models of AD. Finally, I describe the possible implications of these results for future therapeutic development across neurodegenerative disease.
Dynamics of an Array Mechanical Arms Coupled Each to a Fitzhugh-Nagumo Neuron
Authors: Nadine KOUAMI , Bonaventure NANA , Paul WOAFO 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work, an array of electromechanical systems driven by an electrical line of Fitzhugh-Nagumo neuron is analyzed. It is shown that a single electromechanical system can display different dynamical behaviors such as single and multiple pulse generation, transient chaos, permanent chaos, and antimonotonicity according to the system parameters. In the case of an array of the electromechanical system constituted of a series of coupled discrete Fitzhugh-Nagumo neuron, the numerical simulation shows that as the action potential flows in the discrete array, each electromechanical system executes a pulse-like motion coming at each resting state as the electrical signal passes the node. The electromechanical system analyzed can be seen as a model for multi-periodic actuation processes or a leg model in a millipede system. Furthermore, this line can also carry an envelope of action potential and can be useful for various kinds of information processing systems.
Tumor Susceptibility Gene 101 Is Required for the Maintenance of Uterine Epithelial Cells During Embryo Implantation
Authors: Byun Hyunji , Kwon Sojung , Wagner Kay-Uwe , Shin Hyejin , Lim Hyunjung Jade 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The tumor susceptibility gene 101 (Tsg101), a component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) complex I, is involved in multiple biological processes involving endomembranous structures and the plasma membrane. The role of Tsg101 in the uterine epithelium was investigated in Tsg101 floxed mice crossed with Lactoferrin-iCre mice (Tsg101d/d).Methods: Tsg101d/d mice were bred with stud male mice and the status of pregnancy was examined on days 4 and 6. Histological analyses were performed to examine the uterine architecture. Immunofluorescence staining of several markers was examined by confocal microscopy. Uterine epithelial cells (UECs) were isolated from Tsg101f/f and Tsg101d/d mice, and the expression of necroptosis effectors was examined by RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. UECs were also subjected to RNA expression profiling.Results: Tsg101d/d female mice were subfertile with implantation failure, showing unattached blastocysts on day 6 of pregnancy. Histological and marker analyses revealed that some Tsg101d/d day 4 pregnant uteri showed a disintegrated uterine epithelial structure. Tsg101d/d UECs began to degenerate within 18 h of culture. In UECs, expression of necroptosis effectors, such as RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL were first confirmed. UECs responded to a stimulus to activate necroptosis and showed increased cell death. Conclusions: Tsg101 deficiency in the uterine epithelium causes implantation failure, which accompanies epithelial defects. This study provides evidence that UECs harbor a necroptotic machinery that responds to death-inducing signals. Thus, Tsg101 expression in the uterine epithelium is required for normal pregnancy in mice.
The use of diversity indices for local assessment of marine sediment quality
Authors: Hosokawa Shinya , Momota Kyosuke , Chariton Anthony , Naito Ryoji , Nakamura Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Diversity indices are commonly used to measure changes in marine benthic communities. Although diversity indices give a good understanding of how biological communities respond to changes in sediment, responses of these indices can vary because of small sample sizes, and insensitive responses can result from an inappropriate choice of test community. This study focused on species density and two indices of community structure and explored how they respond to variations in sediment characteristics in our target region, Japan, and in two local areas within this region. Our analysis of the Japanese regional dataset showed a decrease in species density and the dominance of a few species as sediment conditions degraded. Local case studies showed that species density responded to sediment degradation at sites where the community was variable. However, the indices for community structure sometimes became misleading because of inaccurate estimates with small sample sizes, and could become insensitive because of masking by community variability. We conclude that species density is a sensitive indicator of change for marine benthic communities, but that indices of community structure should only be used when there is a sufficient sample size and a test community is distinguishable from other coexisting communities.
Mycology of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media at Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal
Authors: Chaurasiya Ajay Kumar , Pradhananga Rabindra Bhakta , Mandal Dipendra Kumar , Mahato Manoj , Sah Niranjan Prasad , Rijal Basista Prasad , Pokhrel Bharat Mani 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThis study was designed to find out the fungal aetiological agents in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) patients attending tertiary care centre of Nepal. ResultTotal 123 samples of 117 patients, outdoor as well as indoor from Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery (HNS) TUTH, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu those specimens were processed and among them, 23(18.7%) was found potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount positive whereas positive growth was in 27 specimens. The prevalence rate of fungus was 21.95 percent in which the main pathogen was Aspergillus species (51.8%), followed by Candida species (14.8 %). Keywords: CSOM, KOH, Fungal culture, Aspergillus
Traits of cancer patients and CAM usage
Authors: Dufter Sabine , Hübner Jutta , Ahmadi Emadaldin , Zomorodbakhsch Bijan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The use of Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM) Methods is increasing and therefore gaining importance also in conventional western medicine. Identifying personal traits to make out by whom and why CAM is used can help physicians in successful physician-patient interaction, and thus improve patient´s compliance and trust towards their physician. Patients and Methods: A questionnaire was passed on to cancer patients in an ambulant clinical and a rehabilitation setting. Multiple regression analyses were run to examine possible predictors for CAM usage such as gender, age, level of education, spirituality, attentiveness, self-efficacy and resilience. To differentiate within CAM users two dependent variables were created: „holistic and mind-body methods“, such as Yoga, meditation or Homeopathy and „material based methods“, such as food supplements or vitamins. Results: Higher level of education, younger age and attentiveness were significant predictors for the use of „material based methods“. Female gender, higher education and spirituality were detected as significant predictors for „holistic and mind-body methods“. Conclusion: This study is among the first to take a more detailed look at how numerous personal traits are associated with the usage of CAM methods and differentiate between the applied methods. Our finding should be considered by conventional health care providers and could be integrated into a holistic assessment, in order to offer information about complementary medicine and meeting patients’ needs.
Machine Learning Methods for "Small-n, Large-p" Problems: Understanding the Complex Drivers of Modern-Day Slavery
Authors: Lavelle-Hill Rosa , Mazumder Anjali , Goulding James , Smith Gavin , Landman Todd 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
40 million people are estimated to be in some form of modern slavery across the globe. Understanding the factors that make any particular individual or geographical region vulnerable to such abuse is essential for the development of effective interventions and policy. Efforts to isolate and assess the importance of individual drivers statistically are impeded by two key challenges: data scarcity and high dimensionality. The hidden nature of modern slavery restricts available datapoints; and the large number of candidate variables that are potentially predictive of slavery inflates the feature space exponentially. The result is a highly problematic "small-n, large-p' setting, where overfitting and multi-collinearity can render more traditional statistical approaches inapplicable. Recent advances in non-parametric computational methods, however, offer scope to overcome such challenges. We present an approach that combines non-linear machine learning models and strict cross-validation methods with novel variable importance techniques, emphasising the importance of stability of model explanations via Rashomon-set analysis. This approach is used to model the prevalence of slavery in 48 countries, with results bringing to light the importance predictive factors - such as a country's capacity to protect the physical security of women, which has previously been under-emphasized in the literature. Out-of-sample estimates of slavery prevalence are then made for countries where no survey data currently exists.
OPTIMASI GEOMETRI BERDARASKAN GAYA-GAYA DALAM PADA JEMBATAN PELENGKUNG BETON
Authors: Almulianur Almulianur , Aminullah Akhmad , Muslikh Muslikh 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT This study discusses geometricoptimization based on internal forces that occur on concrete arch bridges. Geometric optimization is viewed from the use of the ratio between the height to the length of arch. Optimum ratio based on the internal forces that occur on concrete arch bridge. The ratio between the height and the length of arch are made on the concrete arch bridge with the span of 150 m, variation of the ratio performed 1: 2 to 1: 8 with interval of 0.25. Modeling of concrete arch bridge was made on softwere SAP 2000 with 25 models due to the difference of ratio interval variation. Based on the results of internal forces with variation of the ratio, the results for the most optimum geometry are 1: 4 to 1: 7,25.Keywords: concrete arch bridge, geometry,optimization, ratio ABSTRAK Pada kajian ini membahas tentang optimasi geometri berdasarkan gaya-gaya dalam yang terjadi pada jembatan pelengkung beton. Optimasi geometri dilihat daripenggunaan rasio antara tinggi pelengkung terhadap panjang pelengkung. Rasio yang paling optimum berdasarkan gaya-gaya yang terjadi pada jembatan pelengkung beton. Rasio antara tinggi pelengkung dan panjang pelengkung akan dilakukan pada jembatan pelengkung beton dengan bentang 150 m. variasi rasio dilakukan antara 1 : 2 sampai 1 : 8 dengan interval 0.25. Pemodelan jembatan pelengkung beton dilakukan pada softwere sap 2000 dengan 25 model akibat perbedaan variasi interval rasio. Berdasarkan hasil gaya-gaya dalam dengan variasi rasio didapatkan hasil untuk geometri yang paling optimum berada antara rasio 1 : 4 sampai 1 : 7,25.Kata kunci: jembatan pelengkung beton geometri, optimasi, rasio
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN UKURAN KARET BAN BEKAS TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK
Authors: Nasution Multilawati , Aminnullah Akhmad , Suhendro Bambang 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKBan bekas sulit diurai karena salah satu bahan penyusunnya adalah karet sintetis. Ban bekas digunakan untuk kerajinan tangan, namun besar peluang penggunaan ban bekas sebagai material konstruksi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membedakan ukuran karet ban bekas berdasarkan lolos saringan no.#4 (4.8 mm) dan lolos saringan no.#8 (2.3mm). Objek kajian ini adalah kuat tekan dan modulus elastisitas dengan benda uji slinder (&15 cm x 30 cm), kuat lentur dengan benda uji balok (10 cm x 10 cm x 50 cm), serta kuat tarik dengan benda uji dogbone. Salah satu penyusun mortar adalah karet ban bekas pengganti sebagian dari volume pasir. Kadar karet yang di ambil dari kajian ini adalah 0%, 20%, 40% dan 60%. Kajian ini tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang signifikansi yang besar antara penggunaan karet ban bekas lolos saringan no.#4 (4.8 mm) dan lolos saringan no.#8 (2.3mm).Kata kunci: ban bekas, kuat tarik, kuat tekan, kuat lentur, modulus elastisitasABSTRACTUsed tires are difficult to decompose because one of the constituent materials is synthetic rubber. Used tires are used for handicrafts, but there is a big chance of using used tires as construction materials. This study aims to differentiate the size of used rubber tires based on sieve No. 4 (4.8 mm) and sieve # 8 (2.3mm). The object of this research is compressive strength and modulus of elasticity with slinder test specimens (15 cm x 30 cm), flexural strength with beam test specimens (10 cm x 10 cm x 50 cm), and tensile strength with dogbone specimens. One of the compilers of the mortar is a used tire rubber which partially replaces the volume of sand. The rubber content taken from this study is 0%, 20%, 40% and 60%. There was no significant difference between this study between the use of used rubber tires that passed filter No. #4 (4.8 mm) and passed filter # 8 (2.3 mm).Keywords: used tires, tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity
DESAIN SABO DAM TIPE CONDUIT SEBAGAI PENGENDALI DAYA RUSAK ALIRAN DEBRIS
Authors: Fajarwati Yuli , Fathani Teuku Faisal , Faris Fikri , Wilopo Wahyu 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKSungai Air Kotok di Kabupaten Lebong, Bengkulu memiliki litologi batuan yang rapuh akibat pengaruh panas bumi, kondisi tersebut menyebabkan rentan mengalami pergerakan massa tanah/batuan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya mitigasi untuk mengurangi risiko bencana dengan perencanaan bangunan pengendali aliran debris berupa sabo dam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan desain sabo dam tipe conduit yang dirancang secara seri dan mengevaluasi stabilitas sabo dam berdasar SNI 2851:2015. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan debit puncak untuk kala ulang 100 tahun sebesar 171,21 m3/detik. Empat seri sabo dam memiliki dimensi lebar pelimpah rerata ± 40 m, kedalaman aliran debris sebesar 1 m, dan tinggi pelimpah ialah 2,4 m. Stabilitas sabo dam saat banjir diperoleh faktor aman untuk stabilitas geser dan guling sebesar 3,46 ; 1,62. Adapun faktor aman terhadap pengaruh aliran debris untuk stabilitas geser dan guling adalah 3,30 ; 1,58. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, empat seri sabo dam tipe conduit yang dirancang mampu mengendalikan daya rusak banjir maupun aliran debris.Kata kunci: Hidraulika sungai, aliran sedimen, bangunan sabo, stabilitas sabo ABSTRACTAir Kotok River in Lebong Regency, Bengkulu Province has the lithology of weathered rock which is a result of geothermal process, this condition causes to be susceptible to land / rock mass movements. Therefore, the mitigation efforts are needed to reduce the risk from disaster by design debris flow control such as sabo dam. This study aims to design series of conduit type sabo dam and evaluate the stability based on SNI 2851: 2015. The calculation shows that the peak discharge for the 100-year return period is 171.21 m3 / sec. The four sabo dam series have dimensions of spill width of ± 40 m, debris flow depth of 1 m, and overflow height of 2.4 m. The stability of sabo dam has safety factor in flood condition for shear and overturning stability are 3.46; 1.62, while in a debris flow condition for shear and overturning stability are 3.30; 1.58. Based on the results, the four series of conduit sabo dam are able to control the destructive power of floods and debris flows.Key word: River hydraulic, sediment flow, sabo building, stability of sabo
STATE OF THE ART PERSELISIHAN KONTRAK KONSTRUKSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ilma Dede Amar Udi , Fitriyanti Fadia , Ma’arif Faqih , Baldah Nasrun , Utoyo Bambang 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKPaper ini membahas tentang state of the art penyelesaian sengketa konstruksi di Indonesia yang meliputi jenis sengketa, indikasi potensi sengketa, dan perbandingan peraturan penyelesaian sengketa jasa konstruksi. Metode yang digunakan adalah mix method yang terdiri dari expert judgment, studi literatur dengan memperbandingkan riwayat penyelesaian perselisihan kontrak konstruksi mengacu kepada UU No.02/2017, Perpres No.16, UU No. 30 / 1999, dan PP No. 22/2020, dan Dispute Resolution Management Matrix (DRM-Matrix). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dua hal pokok penyelesaian sengketa yaitu pilihan penyelesaian sengketa dan penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan (litigasi dan non litigasi). Penyempurnaan diberlakukan dalam PP No.22 Tahun 2020 yang menjelaskan tentang tahapan penyelesaian sengketa yang menyangkut mediasi, konsiliasi, dan arbitrase, juga terkait dengan penunjukkan dewan sengketa.Kata kunci: kontrak, konstruksi, perselisihan, state of the art ABSTRACTThis paper discusses of state of the art construction dispute resolution in Indonesia, which includes types of disputes, indications of potential disputes, and comparison of construction service dispute resolution regulations. The proposed method is a mixed-method consisting of expert judgment, literature study by comparing the history of construction contract dispute settlement referring to Law No. 02/2017, Presidential Decree No. 16, Law No. 30/1999, and PP. 22/2020, and the Dispute Resolution Management Matrix (DRM-Matrix). The results show that there are two main issues for dispute resolution, namely the choice of dispute resolution and dispute resolution outside the court (litigation and non-litigation). Improvements are enforced in Government Regulation No.22 of 2020 which explains the stages of dispute resolution involving mediation, conciliation and arbitration, as well as the appointment of a dispute board.Keywords: contract, constructions, dispute, state of the art
Medical Food Assessment Using a Smartphone App With Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors: Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Roux de Bézieux Hector , Bullard James , Kolterman Orville , Souza Michael , Perraudeau Fanny 
Published: March 2021

Background
Novel wearable biosensors, ubiquitous smartphone ownership, and telemedicine are converging to enable new paradigms of clinical research. A new generation of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices provides access to clinical-grade measurement of interstitial glucose levels. Adoption of these sensors has become widespread for the management of type 1 diabetes and is accelerating in type 2 diabetes. In parallel, individuals are adopting health-related smartphone-based apps to monitor and manage care.

Objective
We conducted a proof-of-concept study to investigate the potential of collecting robust, annotated, real-time clinical study measures of glucose levels without clinic visits.

Methods
Self-administered meal-tolerance tests were conducted to assess the impact of a proprietary synbiotic medical food on glucose control in a 6-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2×2 cross-over pilot study (n=6). The primary endpoint was incremental glucose measured using Abbott Freestyle Libre CGM devices associated with a smartphone app that provided a visual diet log.

Results
All subjects completed the study and mastered CGM device usage. Over 40 days, 3000 data points on average per subject were collected across three sensors. No adverse events were recorded, and subjects reported general satisfaction with sensor management, the study product, and the smartphone app, with an average self-reported satisfaction score of 8.25/10. Despite a lack of sufficient power to achieve statistical significance, we demonstrated that we can detect meaningful changes in the postprandial glucose response in real-world settings, pointing to the merits of larger studies in the future.

Conclusions
We have shown that CGM devices can provide a comprehensive picture of glucose control without clinic visits. CGM device usage in conjunction with our custom smartphone app can lower the participation burden for subjects while reducing study costs, and allows for robust integration of multiple valuable data types with glucose levels remotely.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04424888; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04424888.