bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI RENCANA BIAYA REKLAMASI TERHADAP JAMINAN REKLAMASI PT XXX, DI KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU
Authors: Rahmi Emma , Nurhakim Nurhakim , Riswan Riswan 
Published: February 2021

Dokumen Rencana Reklamasi sebagai salah satu syarat dalam penerbitan IUP Operasi Produksi merupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dari setiap tahap penambangan. Oleh karenanya, perencanaan reklamasi terintegrasi dengan perencanaan tambang, baik jangka panjang maupun pendek. Perencanaan reklamasi jangka panjang merupakan perencanaan sampai berakhirnya masa tambang, rencana kerja kegiatan reklamasi dituangkan kedalam Dokumen Rencana Reklamasi dengan peroide lima tahunan. Jaminan reklamasi ditempatkan pada bank pemerintah yang berada pada Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan.Proses evaluasi rencana biaya reklamasi didalam dokumen rencana reklamasi PT XXX, dilakukan perhitungan terhadap komponen biaya langsung dan biaya tidak langsung meliputi biaya penagunaan lahan, biaya revegetasi dan biaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan air asam tambang (AAT), sedangkan biaya tidak langsung meliputi biaya mobilisasi dan demobilisasi (2,5%), biaya perencanaan reklamasi(2%-10%), biaya administrasi dan keutungan kontraktor(3%-14%) dan biaya supervisi (2%-7%). Perhitungan komponen biaya tersebut dilakuakan agar penempatan jaminan reklamasi yang telah disediakan perusahaan dapat dapat menutup seluruh biaya reklamasi. Berdasarkan perhitungan sesuai dengan permen ESDM No.7 Tahun 2014 tentang pelaksanaan reklamasi dan pascatambang pada kegiatan usaha pertambangan mineral dan batubaraBerdasarkan hasil evaluasi biaya rencana reklamasi periode pertama (lima Tahun) seluas 78,69 Ha yang terdiri dari perhitungan biaya langsung sebesar Rp 6.494.495.808,- dan biaya tidak langsung sebesar Rp.1.846.636.158,- Total Jaminan Reklamasi yang harus ditempatkan perusahaan sebesar Rp 8.341.131.965,- dengan perhitungan jaminan perusahaan sebesar Rp 6.687.192.587,- maka perusahaan harus menutupi kekurangan biaya jaminan rencana reklamasi sebesar Rp 1.653.939.378,-. Kata kunci: Rencana Biaya Reklamasi, Biaya Langsung, Biaya Tidak Langsung, Total Jaminan Reklamasi
EVALUASI DESAIN BULANAN TERHADAP KONDISI AKTUAL DI PIT 10 (PT BTS) PADA IUP PT BINUANG MITRA BERSAMA
Authors: Azmi Bahrul , Novianti Yuniar Siska , Putri Karina Shella 
Published: February 2021

PT Berkat Tambang Sejahtera kontraktor dari PT Binuang Mitra Bersama, dalam kesempatan ini digunakan untuk mengevaluasi antara rencana penambangan dengan kondisi aktual Perencanaan tambang adalah tahapan penting dalam studi kelayakan dan rencana operasi penambangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah membandingkan volume overburden dan batubara antara rencana dengan aktual pada bulan Juni 2019, menganalisis ketercapaian volume overcut dan undercut antara desain bulanan dengan kondisi aktual bulan Juni 2019, membandingkan volume overcut dan undercut bulan Juli dengan bulan Juni. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penyelesaian penelitian ini ialah observasi lapangan, data primer, jumlah fleet. seperti data curah hujan, peta kemajuan tambang, mine plan design, data aktual overburden, coal, dan data plan overburden serta data plan coal. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan tahapan melakukan penggabungan antara peta kemajuan tambang dengan peta desain bulanan. Perhitungan pada bulan Juni didapatkan hasil volume overcut 10.175.06 BCM untuk tanah penutup dan 3.350,50 ton untuk batubara. Volume undercut 58.482.65 bcm untuk tanah dan 6.078.00 ton untuk batubara.sedangkan pada bulan Juli didapatkan volume overcut 11.508,73 bcm untuk tanah dan 4.320,52 ton untuk batubara. Volume undercut 79.281.60 bcm untuk tanah dan untuk batubara pada bulan Juli melebihi rencana yang telah ditentukan sebesar 4.320.52 ton. Kata kunci : Perencanaan, Desain Bulanan, Topo aktual, , Total Volume
Impact of Virtual Reality on Rehabilitation of Distal Radial Fracture with head mounted device
Authors: Kulkarni Chaitanya A. , Naqvi Waqar M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Rehabilitation is a stressful and exhausting procedure that includes number of exercises and activities that patients have to perform for a long period of time. Regrettably, patients often become annoyed, irritated, and lack motivation and feel discouraged which makes rehabilitation less efficient. Virtual Reality have been extensively utilized for implementing treatment plans to make the process more exciting, stimulating and empowering for patients. Within this work, we propose to use of head wearing device name oculus for patient’s wrist rehabilitation after distal radius fracture (DRF). Methodology: In the study 40 DRF patients will be enrolled. One group will receive conventional therapy and the other group will receive immersive virtual reality as well as conventional therapy for 6 weeks. Pain, ROM, dexterity and grip strength will be evaluated using to standard technique.Discussion: The goal of this Interventional study is to examine the impact of immersive virtual reality after DRF. This research will help in identifying rapid and long term effects of virtual reality in DRF patients. The study findings would help prospective patients with DRF, which may include a newly designed method of rehabilitation.
Dynamin Action at the Final Stage of Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis
Authors: Fang Ning , Cheng Xiaodong , Chen Kuangcai , Dong Bin , Yang Meek , Filbrun Seth , Myoung Yong , Huang Teng-Xiang , Gu Yan , Wang Gufeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Dynamin plays an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis by cutting the neck of nascent vesicles from the cell membrane. Gold nanorods were used as imaging probes to observe dynamin action on cargo vesicles during live endocytosis events. Invariant is that at the peak of dynamin accumulation, the cargo-containing vesicle always gives abrupt, right-handed rotations that finishes in a short time (~ 0.28 s). The large and quick twist, herein named the super twist, is the result of the coordinated dynamin helix action upon GTP hydrolysis. After the super twist, the rotational freedom of the vesicle drastically increases, accompanied with simultaneous or delayed translational movement, indicating that it detaches from the cell membrane. These observations suggest that dynamin-mediated scission at the final stage involves a large torque generated by coordinated actions of multiple dynamins in the helix, which is the main driving force for scission. The super twist presumably results in membrane tube hemi-fission and partial destruction of the dynamin helix, followed by vesicle fission.
Importance of Immediate Electronic-based Feedback to Enhance Feedback for First-time CPR Trainees
Authors: Misztal-Okońska Patrycja , Goniewicz Krzysztof , Goniewicz Mariusz , Ranse Jamie , Hertelendy Attila , Gray Lesley , Sørensen Jarle Løwe , Carlström Eric , Khorram-Manesh Amir 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background: Sudden cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death globally. The recommended clinical management in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases is the immediate initiation of high-quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). Training mannequins should be combined with technology that provide students with detailed immediate feedback on the quality of CPR performance. This study aimed to verify the impacts of the type of feedback (basic or detailed) the responders receive from the device while learning CPR and how it influences the quality of their performance and the motivation to improve their skills.Methods: The study was conducted at the Medical University of Lublin among 694 multi professional health students during first aid classes on Basic Life Support (BLS). The students first practiced on an adult mannequin with a basic control panel; afterward, the same mannequin was connected to a laptop, ensuring a detailed record of the performed activities through a projector. Next, the participants expressed their subjective opinion on how the feedback provided during the classes, basic vs detailed, motivated them to improve the quality of their CPR performance. Additionally, during the classes, the instructor conducted an extended observation of students' work and behavior.Results: In the students’ opinion, the CPR training with detailed feedback devices provided motivation for learning and improving CPR proficiency than the one with a basic control panel. Furthermore, the comments given from devices seem to be more acceptable to the students, who did not see any bias in the device’s evaluation compared to that of the instructor.Conclusions: Detailed device feedback motivates student health practitioners to learn and improve the overall quality of CPR. The use of mannequins that provide detailed feedback during BLS courses can improve survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Deterioration of Tea Quality Caused by Tea White Scab Disease Disease
Authors: Zhou Ling-yun , Yang Wen-bo , Li Wei , Liu Hong-yan , Xiang Fen , Yin Xia , Zeng Ze-xuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Tea is a popular daily beverage worldwide, especially in China. Tea white scab disease affects tea quality is poorly understood. In the current study, we aimed determine whether tea quality will variation. we collected green tea samples from five samples (with varying morbidity from CK to Ⅳ on Baiyun Mountain in Hunan Province. Results showed that tea quality are obviously decreased as infected by tea white scab disease . Results showed that an increase in incidence rate decreased total tea polyphenols (TP) , water extract and caffeine but increased amino acids (AA) , Nonetheless, the constituents of polyphenolic compounds were differentially altered. Additionally, the percentage of (−)-epicatechin (EC) and (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) increased with increasing morbidity. (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC) and (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG) just the opposite. The constituents of AA, especially Alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, serine and phenylalanine increased with increasing elevational gradients. Proline, and theanine were reduce along with morbidity level. As a whole. This observation demands development of effective measures for sustaining green tea quality in the face of tea white scab disease.
Difference in the Proportions of Deleterious Variations Within and Between Populations Influences the Estimation of&nbsp;FST
Authors: Subramanian Sankar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Estimating the extent of genetic differentiation between populations is an important measure in population genetics, ecology and evolutionary biology. Fixation index or FST is an important measure, which is routinely used to quantify this. Previous studies have shown that FST estimated for selectively constrained regions was significantly lower than that estimated for neutral regions. By deriving the theoretical relationship between FST at neutral and constrained sites we show that an excess in the fraction of deleterious variations segregating within populations compared to that segregates between populations is the cause for the reduction in FST estimated at constrained sites. Using whole genome data, our results revealed that the magnitude of reduction in FST estimates obtained for selectively constrained regions was much higher for distantly related populations compared to those estimated for closely related pairs. For example, the reduction was 47% for comparison between Europeans-Africans, 30% for European-Asian comparison, 16% for the Northern-Southern European pair and only 4% for the comparison involving two Southern European (Italian and Spanish) populations. Since deleterious variants are purged over time due to purifying selection, their contribution to the among-population diversity at constrained sites decreases with the increase in the divergence between populations. However, within-population diversity remains the same for all pairs compared and therefore FST estimated at constrained sites for distantly related populations are much smaller than those estimated for closely related populations. Our results suggest that the level of population divergence should be considered when comparing constrained site FST estimates from different pairs of populations.
The Association Between Dietary Antioxidants Intakes and The Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Mirmiran Parvin , Hosseini-Esfahani Firoozeh , Esfandiar Zohreh , Hosseinpour-Niazi Somayeh , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide, is the collective term/compound name for disorders afflicting the blood vessels and heart that accounts for 17.9 million deaths in 2016 1. Inflammation and enhanced oxidative stress have been shown as fundamental risk factors in the onset and progression of CVD 2. Chronic inflammatory conditions attenuate blood levels of antioxidants because of the continuous generation of elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A sufficient intake of antioxidants is also suggested to beneficially interfere with CVD by quenching ROS 3. Antioxidant vitamins and minerals, such as vitamins A, E, and C, and zinc may slow the development and progression of CVD Aim: This study aimed at investigating the association between daily consumption of dietary vitamins A, E, and C, and zinc and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).Methods: Eligible adults (n=5102) were selected from the participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study with an average follow-up of 5.3 years. Dietary intakes were assessed using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometrics and biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examinations. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the development of CVD associated with total intakes of vitamins A, E, and C, and zinc.Results: This study was conducted on 2,253 men and 2,849 women aged 47.0±11.6 and 45.6±10.5 years, respectively. The main sources of dietary vitamins A, E, and C and zinc were fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Risk of CVD decreased from quartile 1 to quartile 4 for vitamin E intake (HR (95% CI): 1.00, 0.91, 0.77, and 0.57; Ptrend=0.03). The association between risk of CVD and the quartiles of vitamins A and C and zinc intake was not significant.Conclusion: Our study suggested an inverse association between vitamin E intake and the risk of CVD. The results emphasized a potential protective role of its dietary sources in the prevention of CVD.
Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Leaf Colour Changes and L-theanine Accumulation in Variegated Tea
Authors: Xie Nianci , Zhang Chenyu , Zhou Pinqian , Gao Xizhi , Tian Shuanghong , Lu Cui , Shen Chengwen , Wang Kunbo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Camellia sinensis ‘Yanlinghuayecha’ (YHC) is a variegated mutant developed recently in China. To dissect the physiological and molecular mechanisms of leaf variegation, we compared the leaf pigmentation, cellular ultrastructure, amino acid content, and transcriptome between the albino (A), mosaic (M), and green (G) sectors.Results The contents of photosynthetic pigments were significantly lower in sector A and higher in sector G than in sector M. Chloroplasts with well-organized thylakoids were found only in the mesophyll cells of the G sector but not in those of the A sector. The A sector had a significantly higher content of total and free amino acids. In particular, the levels of theanine, glutamate, and alanine in the A sector were higher than those in the G sector. Transcriptomics analysis showed that a total of 44,908 unique transcripts were identified. Comparing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the three sectors, we conducted an in-depth study on chloroplast biogenesis, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and theanine synthesis pathways. The expression of CsPPOX in “porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism” was significantly downregulated in the A sector. CsLHCB6 in “Photosynthesis - antenna proteins” and CsSCY1 in “Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum”, both of which were associated with chloroplast biogenesis, were significantly downregulated in the A sector. The expression of CsTS1 was notably upregulated in the A sector.Conclusion Taken together, variegation alters the gene activities involved in chloroplast biogenesis, and our results suggest that leaf colour change in the A sector incorporates three aspects compared with that in the G sector: (1) Decreased CsPPOX expression slows the rate of chlorophyll synthesis, resulting in a decrease in chlorophyll content; (2) downregulated expression of CsLHCB6 and CsSCY1 inhibits chloroplast biogenesis, decreasing thylakoid morphogenesis and grana stacking; and (3) the metabolic flow of glutamate changes, possibly from chlorophyll biosynthesis to theanine biosynthesis. The accumulation of precursor synthetic substances and the high expression of CsTS1 generates a high theanine content. These analyses provide valuable insights into variegation in tea plants with regard to leaf colour change and L-theanine accumulation.
WITHDRAWN: Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells being Encapsulated in Alginate/reduced Geraphen Oxide Improving Infarct Expansion, and Inducing Neovasculariziation Formation in Ischemic Myocardium
Authors: hajishoreh Negar Karimi , Baheiraei Nafiseh , Naderi Nasim , Salehnia Mojdeh , Ghadrdoost Behshid , Razavi Mehdi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Currently, one of the new therapeutic strategies is injection of hydrogel and cells to myocardial infarction (MI) patients, which has some limitations such as lack of electromechanical properties and neovascularization. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of new electroactive hydrogel [Reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Alginate (ALG)] encapsulated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) in different experimental groups. The study was done in rat model of chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Echocardiograms were analyzed at 4 and 8 weeks after MI induction. Experimental groups particularly (BMSC) encapsulated in rGO-ALG increased significantly improvement of fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) compared to the control group. Eighth week after injection, Eosin (H&E) staining was performed. MSC-ALG-rGO demonstrated that significantly increasing vascularization and connective tissue in comparison with control. Masson's trichrome staining indicated reduced scarring/collagen deposition and improved remodeling LV thickness in the MSC-ALG-rGo group. Anti-CD31 antibody applied to detect neovascularization in the experimental groups. Microvessel density was significantly higher in MSC-ALG-rGO treatment than other groups (MSC-ALG and control) (p<0.01).This study demonstrates, use of rGO/ALG a bio-electroactive hydrogel appears safe for intramyocardial injection, improving (LV) function, neovascularization, adjust the electrical properties following MI.
Fracture Reduction and Definitive Management for Acute Tibial Shaft Fractures Using the Taylor Spatial Frame
Authors: Liu Yanshi , Liu Jialin , Yushan Maimaiaili , Liu Zhenhui , Zhang Tao , Ma He , Ma Chuang , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The Taylor spatial frame (TSF) is increasingly used for acute tibial shaft fracture care as more general orthopedic surgeons are gaining expertise of this versatile device. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the TSF for fracture reduction and definitive management in patients with acute tibial shaft fractures.Methods: The study was conducted on 34 patients with acute tibial shaft fractures who were admitted or referred to our institution and consented to TSF treatment from Jan 2016 to June 2019, including 27males and 7 females with a mean age of 39 years (range 18 to 65 years). Patients' clinical and radiological data, and the final clinical outcomes at a minimum of 12 months follow-up were collected and retrospectively analyzed. All complications were documented according to Paley’s classification. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov criteria (ASAMI) at the last clinical visit.Results: All patients remained in the TSF for a mean of 26 weeks (range 15 to 52 weeks) and acquired complete bone union. The satisfactory alignment was achieved in all patients, and all the patients were able to perform daily activities with no difficulty at the last clinical visit. Complications included pin tract infection (44%), delayed union (6%), nonunion (3%), and joint stiffness (3%). The ASAMI bony result was excellent in 31 patients and good in 3. The ASAMI functional result was excellent in 27 patients, good in 6, and fair in 1. Conclusions: Fracture reduction and definitive management using the Taylor spatial frame is an alternative and effective method for acute tibial shaft fractures, including technical advantages of early trauma-control, ease of soft tissue care, the versatility of achieving excellent alignment, and the continuity of device until bone union.
WITHDRAWN: Evaluation of Tear Film Osmolarity Among Diabetic Patients Using a TearLab Osmometer
Authors: ABUSHARHA ALI , Alsagr Ali , Alobaid Mohammad , Almayouf Ali , Alajlan Sulaiman , Omair Mossab , Alahmad Essa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to determine the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on tear osmolarity using a TearLab Osmolarity system. Moreover, the relationship between tear film osmolarity and ocular surface discomfort in controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients was assessed.Patients and Methods: This study included 40 male type 2 diabetic patients aged 20 to 70 years (mean + SD 49±12). A control group (18–43 years; 32.2 ± 6.5 years) consisting of 40 male subjects was also enrolled for comparison. The tear osmolarity was measured using the TearLab Osmolarity System. The ocular surface disease index questionnaire (OSDI) was used to assess ocular discomfort symptoms.Results: The mean tear osmolarity was 297 + 8.00 and 296 + 11 mOsm/L for controlled and uncontrolled diabetic subjects, respectively. While the average osmolarity in the control group was 299 + 8.00 mOsm/L. No significant differences were detected in tear osmolarity between the control and diabetes groups. The ocular surface disease index questionnaire (OSDI) score was significantly higher in the diabetic patient group. No significant correlation was found between tear osmolarity and OSDI scores.Conclusion: The ocular discomfort symptoms score in diabetic patients was significantly higher compared to normal eye subjects. Tear osmolarity was not significantly different in diabetic patients. This finding may be explained by a lack of relationship between tear film parameters and diabetic severity; tear film parameters may correlate more with diabetic duration rather than severity. Therefore, studies focused on diabetes duration and tear film parameters are recommended.