bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Male pituitary–gonadal axis dysfunction in post‐acute COVID‐19 syndrome—Prevalence and associated factors: A Mediterranean case series
Authors: Moreno‐Perez Oscar , Merino Esperanza , Alfayate Rocio , Torregrosa Maria Eugenia , Andres Mariano , Leon‐Ramirez Jose‐Manuel , Boix Vicente , Gil Joan , Pico Antonio ,   COVID19‐ALC Research group
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 through angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptor can harm testes function. The objectives were to analyse the prevalence of low serum testosterone (LT) and impaired fertility potential (Leydig and Sertoli cells dysfunction, respectively) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) male survivors and to evaluate acute infection‐related associated factors. Also, we explore its association with post‐acute COVID‐19 syndrome (PCS) and quality of life (QOL).Materials and MethodsMale adults recovered from polymerase chain reaction‐confirmed COVID‐19 were offered a structured evaluation 8–12 weeks after recovery. The main outcome measure(s) were as follows: LT, defined as total testosterone (TT) < 2 ng/ml or if TT levels 2–4 ng/ml as calculated free testosterone < 6.36 ng/dl; Sertoli cell dysfunction was defined as inhibin‐B < 89 pg/ml. Secondary outcome‐associated factors were analysed by multiple logistic regression (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval [CI]). QOL was evaluated by SF‐36 v.2.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐three patients were evaluated at a median (interquartile range) of 77 days (72–83) after disease onset; 72% of them recovered from severe pneumonia. LT was detected in 41 patients (28.7%; 95% CI: 21.8–36.5). Low levels of inhibin‐B were detected in 25 patients (18.1%; 95% CI: 12.5–25.3). After multivariate adjustment, obesity and hypokalaemia were associated with LT, whereas age more than 65 was an independent predictor of Sertoli cell dysfunction. LT or Sertoli cell dysfunction was not associated with PCS. Patients with LT had a lower score in four domains of QOL.ConclusionsPrevalence of male LT and impaired fertility potential in COVID‐19 survivors is high in the medium term. Traditional risk factors and severity markers for COVID‐19 could be predictive.
Clinical implications of age and excellent response to therapy in patients with high‐risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Jin Meihua , Ahn Jonghwa , Lee Yu‐Mi , Sung Tae‐Yon , Song Dong Eun , Kim Tae Yong , Chung Ki‐Wook , Ryu Jin‐Sook , Kim Won Bae , Shong Young Kee , Jeon Min Ji , Kim Won Gu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with American Thyroid Association (ATA) high‐risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) have poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical implications of age and response to therapy classification in patients with ATA high‐risk DTC.Design and PatientsThis study included 222 patients with high‐risk DTC who initially underwent therapy between 2000 and 2010 in a single tertiary center in Korea. We evaluated the prognostic parameters associated with progression‐free survival (PFS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) with a focus on age and achieving an excellent response (ER).ResultsDuring the median follow‐up period of 11.3 years, disease progression was detected in 77 patients (34.7%), and disease‐specific mortality was reported in 31 patients (14.0%). Older age (≥55 years) and not achieving ER (not‐ER) were independent risk factors associated with PFS (age, p < .001; not‐ER, p < .001) and DSS (age, p < .001; not‐ER, p = .015). Of the 74 patients in the ER group, 7 (9.5%) displayed disease progression and 1 (1.4%) died from DTC. There were no significant differences in PFS and DSS according to age in the ER group. However, older patients had significantly worse PFS and DSS than younger patients in the not‐ER group (p = .002 and p < .001, respectively).ConclusionsResponse to therapy classification is important for predicting PFS and DSS in patients with high‐risk DTC. Patients in the ER group had a relatively good prognosis, but disease progression occurred in 9.5% of patients. Age was a key predictor of both PFS and DSS in high‐risk patients who did not achieve ER.
Computer‐assisted image analysis of cytological specimens clarify the correlation between nuclear size and intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions regardless of BRAFV600E mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Suzuki Midori , Moriya Shunichi , Kobayashi Sayaka , Nishijima Yoshimi , Fujii Takaaki , Ikota Hayato , Yokoo Hideaki , Saio Masanao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe morphological features of nuclei in cytological and histological specimens were compared and examined for the presence of BRAFV600E mutation and the appearance rate of intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions (NI).MethodsBRAFV600E mutation was identified using a mutation‐specific antibody (clone; VE1) in 103 thyroid papillary carcinoma cases at Gunma University Hospital. The nuclear area, perimeter, and roundness of the corresponding cytological specimens and haematoxylin and eosin‐stained specimens were analysed using image analysis software, and the appearance rate of NI was calculated and compared.ResultsBRAFV600E mutation was detected in 71 (69%) cases. The appearance rate of NI was significantly higher in the BRAFV600E mutation‐positive group in cytological and histological specimens (P = .0070 and .0184, respectively). Significant differences were observed between the BRAFV600E mutation‐negative and ‐positive groups in the average nuclear area and average nuclear perimeter in cytological specimens (P = .0137 and .0152, respectively). In addition, nuclear enlargement was correlated with the appearance rate of NI regardless of the presence of BRAFV600E mutation in cytological specimens. In the BRAFV600E mutation‐negative group, the nuclear area and perimeter were significantly smaller in the lymph node metastasis‐positive cases (P = .0182 and .0260, respectively).ConclusionThis study found that the appearance rate of NI was positively correlated with the nuclear area and perimeter and negatively correlated with nuclear roundness in cytological specimens. Furthermore, these results were observed regardless of the existence of BRAFV600E mutation. These results have never been previously reported and clearly demonstrate the usefulness of cytological specimens in computer‐assisted image analysis.
Can fractal dimension analysis be used in quantitating collagen structure?
Authors: Tian Feng , Jiang Yuzhi , Liu Yi , Lu Shuliang , Yang Jianfei , Cao Yemin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIt is well known that collagen tissue, especially the collagen structure, plays an important role in wound healing. However, most research on collagen has been qualitative and morphological, based on sections, and cannot be used for real‐time monitoring and clinical prediction. There are no standardized methods of quantitative analysis based on the whole skin sample in three dimensions (3‐D). In order to explore a 3‐D quantitative analysis, we developed a method that was derived from that of material science and physics, combined with our previous technique, X‐ray scattering (SAXS). We hypothesized that the dermis might be analysed by fractal dimensions. To test this hypothesis, we performed the analysis in different pathological conditions, such as scar tissue, different time points after wounding, skin in different degrees of burns and skin in diabetes. The results showed that fractal dimension analysis could detect differences in different locations of the scar tissue, at different time points after wounding, and at a different extent of the severity of skin in diabetes. The research demonstrated that fractal dimension analysis can describe the 3‐D structure of the collagen tissue of the skin, which will be beneficial for studying wound healing and finding new clinical treatments.
Potential of lucerne sowing rate to influence root development and its implications for field stand productivity
Authors: Hakl Josef , Pisarčik Martin , Fuksa Pavel , Šantrůček Jaromír 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe relationship between root morphology and productivity in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) has been well documented, but the effect of sowing rate on root development is unclear. Results from three field experiments were analysed to address these objectives: (a) to investigate lucerne root development as a function of distance among plants, (b) to evaluate the effect of sowing rates on lucerne root traits and (c) to investigate the relationship between root traits and forage yield and yield components. A 4‐year experiment that compared spaced plants (50 × 50 cm, four plants m2) versus row seeding (12.5 cm, 700 germinated seeds m−2) revealed fast annual tap‐root diameter (TD) development in spaced plants, with about 12 mm, and three times greater TD and five times the lateral root number compared with row‐spaced plants. Three‐year field plot experiments at one site compared sowing rates of 400 versus 700 germinated seeds m−2 in less favourable soil for lucerne, and 700 versus 900 seeds m−2 in a better soil. Across experiments, higher plant density and root potential index were positively related to forage yield only when in association with better soil conditions and optimal water supply. Lower plant density offered advantages for faster root development. An effect of reduction in the sowing rate was increased stand height and increased yield in the third cut in a year with drought stress. Results show the need for investigation of effects of more precise spatial arrangement of lucerne plants to ensure optimization of root development and to enable yield benefits and drought resistance.
The American Headache Society Consensus Statement: Update on integrating new migraine treatments into clinical practice
Authors: Ailani Jessica , Burch Rebecca C. , Robbins Matthew S. ,   the Board of Directors of the American Headache Society
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo incorporate recent research findings, expert consensus, and patient perspectives into updated guidance on the use of new acute and preventive treatments for migraine in adults.BackgroundThe American Headache Society previously published a Consensus Statement on the use of newly introduced treatments for adults with migraine. This update, which is based on the expanded evidence base and emerging expert consensus concerning postapproval usage, provides practical recommendations in the absence of a formal guideline.MethodsThis update involved four steps: (1) review of data about the efficacy, safety, and clinical use of migraine treatments introduced since the previous Statement was published; (2) incorporation of these data into a proposed update; (3) review and commentary by the Board of Directors of the American Headache Society and patients and advocates associated with the American Migraine Foundation; (4) consideration of these collective insights and integration into an updated Consensus Statement.ResultsSince the last Consensus Statement, no evidence has emerged to alter the established principles of either acute or preventive treatment. Newly introduced acute treatments include two small‐molecule calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists (ubrogepant, rimegepant); a serotonin (5‐HT1F) agonist (lasmiditan); a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (celecoxib oral solution); and a neuromodulatory device (remote electrical neuromodulation). New preventive treatments include an intravenous anti‐CGRP ligand monoclonal antibody (eptinezumab). Several modalities, including neuromodulation (electrical trigeminal nerve stimulation, noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation, single‐pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation) and biobehavioral therapy (cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback, relaxation therapies, mindfulness‐based therapies, acceptance and commitment therapy) may be appropriate for either acute and/or preventive treatment; a neuromodulation device may be appropriate for acute migraine treatment only (remote electrical neuromodulation).ConclusionsThe integration of new treatments into clinical practice should be informed by the potential for benefit relative to established therapies, as well as by the characteristics and preferences of individual patients.
Training needs of medical librarians in Nigeria: A survey
Authors: Ikolo Violet Elohor , Nongo Celina Jummai 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundHealth library and information professionals need continuing professional development to update their skills and knowledge. There is very limited evidence on the training needs of medical librarians in Nigeria.ObjectivesTo identify the training needs of medical librarians in Nigeria, principally the content topics required, preferred formats of training, and barriers to training.MethodsAn online questionnaire was distributed to 94 registered members of the Medical Library Association of Nigeria.ResultsThe majority of the 64 medical librarian respondents wanted training in information systems and technology usage. The respondents also indicated that they prefer participating in seminar/workshops and being involved in face‐to‐face courses. Very few of the respondents have attended any specialist training aimed at their work in the medical field. The foremost challenge identified is the high cost of training.DiscussionThis study confirmed that the librarianship degree acquired from library schools only serves as a foundation for medical librarians, and it does not provide the specific subject training required to work successfully as medical librarians.ConclusionThere is a gap in knowledge base of medical librarians in Nigeria that needs to be filled by specific on‐the‐job training and courses which are affordable.
Stresses near the edges of ring‐loaded plates
Authors: Salem Jonathan A. , Manderscheid Jane M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStrength testing of brittle materials often employs beams or plates loaded in bending. Solutions are provided for the in‐plane stresses between the support ring and edge of ring‐loaded circular plates (i.e., disks) having a diameter larger than the support ring. The region overhanging the larger support ring stiffens the plate and reduces the edge tangential stress. Its consideration is thus crucial to an accurate solution. For typical ceramic disks with little overhang, the edge stress is less than ~50% of the maximum, central stress. With a large overhang, the edge stress can be reduced to ~25% of the central stress. The radial stress reverses the sign outside the support ring, whereas that of the tangential stress remains the same, and thus tensile failure can occur from either face of the disk.
How and when actual‐ideal self‐discrepancy leads to counterfeit luxury purchase intention: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Shan Juan , Jiang Ling , Peng Cui Annie , Wang Yan , Ivzhenko Yuliia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDrawing on the self‐discrepancy and moral decoupling theories, this study investigates how and when actual‐ideal self‐discrepancy (AISD) leads to consumers' purchase intentions toward counterfeit luxury brands. Across a survey study (Study 1: N = 531) and an experimental study (Study 2: N = 543), this research demonstrates that AISD is positively related to consumers' purchase intention toward counterfeit luxury products, and this relationship is mediated by the need for self‐enhancement. Furthermore, moral decoupling moderates this relationship, such that the mediated relationship is stronger when moral decoupling is high rather than low. The findings provide strategic insights for brand managers and policy makers to reduce demands for counterfeit products and tackle the counterfeit industry effectively.
Ultrasensitive optical thermometer based on abnormal thermal quenching Stark transitions operating beyond 1500 nm
Authors: Xiang Guotao , Yang Menglin , Xia Qing , Jiang Sha , Wang Yongjie , Zhou Xianju , Li Li , Ma Li , Wang Xiaojun , Zhang Jiahua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLight with wavelength longer than 1500 nm has great potential to afford deep bio‐tissue penetration due to its extremely weak photon scattering and undetectable autofluorescence in vivo. Here, in order to satisfy the requirements for thermometry during the tumor hyperthermia process, an ultrasensitive optical thermometer operating beyond 1500 nm is developed by employing the thermally coupled Stark sublevels of Er3+: 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition based on fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technology in Yb3+ and Er3+ codoped BaY2O4. Compared with the typical upconversion (UC) material β‐NaYF4: Yb3+/Er3+ and Y2O3: Yb3+/Er3+, BaY2O4: Yb3+/Er3+ shows more intense red Er3+: 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 transition and 1.5 μm near‐infrared (NIR) Er3+: 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition induced by its larger phonon energy and higher quenching concentration of Er3+. An equivalent four‐level model is proposed to investigate the temperature characteristics of the NIR emission, from which four Stark transitions are separated from the raw spectra, named α, β, γ, and δ respectively. Then, the NIR thermal sensing performance have been developed by utilizing the FIR of Iβ to Iα and Iγ to Iα. More importantly, an ultra‐high sensitivity for optical thermometry has been obtained through the combination of transition β and γ, especially in the physiological temperature region. Furthermore, the detection depth of NIR light in bio‐tissues is assessed by an ex vivo test, demonstrating that the maximal detection depth of NIR emission can reach to 8 mm without any influence on optical thermometry. These findings indicate that Yb3+ and Er3+ codoped BaY2O4 is a remarkable contender for optical thermometry in deep tissue with ultra‐high sensitivity.
NiFe‐NiFe2O4/rGO composites: Controlled preparation and superior lithium storage properties
Authors: Chen Huaiyang , Shen Xiaoping , Xu Keqiang , Chen Yao , Yuan Aihua , Ji Zhenyuan , Wang Zhitao , Zhu Guoxing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBinary transition‐metal oxides with spinel structure have great potential as advanced anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, NiFe‐NiFe2O4/ reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites are obtained via a facile cyanometallic framework precursor strategy to improve the lithium storage performance of NiFe2O4. In the composites, NiFe‐NiFe2O4 nanoparticles with adjustable mass ratios of NiFe2O4 to NiFe alloy are homogeneously deposited on rGO sheets. As anode material for LIBs, the optimized NiFe‐NiFe2O4/rGO composite displays remarkably enhanced lithium storage performance with an initial specific capacity as high as 1362 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and a decent capacity retention of ca. 80% after 130 cycles. Besides, the composite delivers a reversible capacity of 550 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 300 cycles. During the charge–discharge cycles, the aggregation of the NiFe‐NiFe2O4 nanoparticles and the structural collapse of the electrode can be well alleviated by rGO sheets. Moreover, the conductivity of the electrode can be significantly improved by the well‐conductive NiFe alloy and rGO sheets. All these contribute to the improved lithium storage performance of NiFe‐NiFe2O4/rGO composites.
Histone succinylation and its function on the nucleosome
Authors: Liu Jiayi , Shangguan Yu , Tang Donge , Dai Yong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractProtein post‐translational modifications (PTMs) of histones are ubiquitous regulatory mechanisms involved in many biological processes, including replication, transcription, DNA damage repair and ontogenesis. Recently, many short‐chain acylation histone modifications have been identified by mass spectrometry (MS). Lysine succinylation (Ksuc or Ksucc) is a newly identified histone PTM that changes the chemical environment of histones and is similar to other acylation modifications; lysine succinylation appears to accumulate at transcriptional start sites and to correlate with gene expression. Although numerous studies are ongoing, there is a lack of reviews on the Ksuc of histones. Here, we review lysine succinylation sites on histones, including the chemical characteristics and the mechanism by which lysine succinylation influences nucleosomal structure, chromatin dynamics and several diseases and then discuss lysine succinylation regulation to identify theoretical and experimental proof of Ksuc on histones and in diseases to inspire further research into histone lysine succinylation as a target of disease treatment in the future.
General descriptions of the dermis structure of a juvenile whale sharkRhincodon typusfrom theGulfofCalifornia
Authors: Becerril‐García Edgar E. , Pancaldi Francesca , Cruz‐Villacorta Ariel A. , Rivera‐Camacho Alma R. , Aguilar‐Cruz Carlos A. , Whitehead Darren A. , González‐Armas Rogelio , Arellano‐Martínez Marcial , Galván‐Magaña Felipe 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study is to provide preliminary observations on the microanatomy ofRhincodon typusskin using histology and electron microscopy analyses. Skin biopsies were obtained from a deceased juvenile male shark (548 cm total length) stranded in La Paz, Mexico, during February 2018. The results of this study evidenced the basic structure of the dermal denticles in the epidermis of the trunk of the shark, as well as the composition of the connective tissue in the hypodermis. Histological images of the hypodermis showed a high concentration of collagen fibres, formed by a large number of fine and wavy fibres of compact shape and little intercellular substance.
Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with liver fibrosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Kuchay Mohammad Shafi , Choudhary Narendra Singh , Gagneja Sakshi , Mathew Anu , Bano Tarannum , Kaur Parjeet , Bahadur Bajarang , Singh Manish Kumar , Gill Harmandeep Kaur , Wasir Jasjeet Singh , Sud Randhir , Mishra Sunil Kumar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and AimType 2 diabetes (T2D) and low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) are associated with increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, data regarding the association between low SMM and NAFLD‐related liver fibrosis in individuals with T2D are scarce. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between low SMM and liver fibrosis in individuals with T2D and NAFLD.MethodsControlled attenuation parameter (CAP) of ≥ 248 dB/m was taken as cutoff suggesting NAFLD. Clinically relevant liver fibrosis and advanced liver fibrosis were defined as liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography (TE) of ≥ 8.0 and ≥ 9.6 kPa, respectively. SMM was measured using dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Low SMM was defined as appendicular SMM index of < 7.0 kg/m2 for men and < 5.4 kg/m2 for women.ResultsOf the 487 consecutive patients with T2D, 366 (75.1%) had NAFLD. Among individuals with NAFLD, 118 (32.2%) and 64 (17.5%) had clinically relevant liver fibrosis and advanced liver fibrosis, respectively. Low SMM was diagnosed in 78 (21.3%) individuals with NAFLD. Patients with low SMM were older (56.1 vs 52.8 years) and had longer duration of diabetes (10.3 vs 8.1 years). Low SMM was an independent risk factor associated with clinically relevant liver fibrosis (P = 0.002) and advanced liver fibrosis (P ≤ 0.0001). Associations between low SMM and clinically relevant‐ and advanced liver fibrosis were maintained even after sequential adjustment for confounding variables through the multivariate regression analysis.ConclusionsLow SMM is independently associated with liver fibrosis in individuals with T2D and NAFLD.