bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic no-mesh repair of a large Morgagni-Larrey hernia
Authors: Dzhendov Todor , Anzhelova Yoana , Barguti Fares , Kostov Vasil , Tchervenyakov Alexandar 
Published: December 2024

Morgagni-Larrey hernia is a rare condition, often presenting with nonspecific symptoms or remaining asymptomatic. Surgical intervention is the primary treatment modality, typically performed via trans-abdominal access, with an increasing trend towards employing minimally invasive techniques.
Herein, we report a case detailing the successful laparoscopic repair of a large Morgagni-Larrey hernia without the use of mesh. The patient, a 55-year-old male, presented with chest pain following blunt thoraco-abdominal trauma. Chest radiographs and 3D-CT scan revealed a dense mass in the precordial space, initially suspected to be a diaphragmatic rupture. The diaphragmatic defect which was repaired laparoscopically, appeared to be a large Morgagni-Larrey hernia rather than a rupture.
At the two-year follow-up, a repeat 3D-CT and laparoscopy were conducted to assess the previous repair and address a port site (drain site) hernia. No intra- or postoperative complications were encountered.
Our experience supports the safety and efficacy of the laparoscopic no-mesh technique for repairing large Morgagni-Larrey hernias.
Factors that Contribute to the Failure of Thromboprophylaxis in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wu Ying , Shi Jiaojiao , Jiao Jincheng , Shen Youmei , Zhang Duxiao , Wang Zidun , Li Mingfang , Chen Minglong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Currently, there is a paucity of data on the reasons for the occurrence of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). This study attempted to unravel the factors contributing to the failure of stroke prevention in AF patients.

Subjects and Methods:
This single-center, cross-sectional study prospectively enrolled patients with non-valvular AF with a history of thromboembolism from January 2017 to September 2021. Data on clinical characteristics, awareness of AF diagnosis, use of oral anticoagulants (OACs) prior to the first thromboembolic event, and reasons for either non-use or discontinuation of OACs were collected through a questionnaire survey administered to the patients or their family members. The index date was defined as the date of the first thromboembolic event.

Results:
Based on the patients’ awareness of their AF diagnosis prior to the index date, they were categorized into two groups: Group A (n = 309), consisting of those who were unaware of their diagnosis, and Group B (n = 443), consisting of those who were aware. Of the 402 patients in Group B who were at high risk of stroke before the index date, 75.9% (305/402) had never received anticoagulant therapy. The primary reason for this was that patients were not informed about the elevated risk of stroke associated with AF. Another 24.1% (97/402) of them had ever been treated with OACs, but 43.3% (42/97) of them had already discontinued OACs, for which minor bleeding was the most common factor (15/42). Of the 55 patients who continuously received anticoagulation therapy, 33 received the inappropriate treatment of OACs.

Conclusions:
This study revealed that the major factors contributing to the failure of stroke prevention in patients with AF included unawareness of AF diagnosis, unawareness of stroke risk due to AF, discontinuation of OACs due to minor bleeding, and inappropriate use of OACs. Measures should be taken to increase patient and physician awareness of AF and AF-related stroke risk.
2022 CSA/CSPE Expert Consensus Statement on Operational Procedure and Standards for Leadless Pacemaker Implantation
Authors:   Chinese Society of Arrhythmias, Chinese Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology
Published: December 2024

Abstract
After nearly a decade of development, the leadless pacemaker has entered a period of rapid growth. Based on the current clinical application experience, evidence-based research, and updated guidelines, combined with the “Chinese expert consensus on leadless pacemakers (2022),” this operating procedure and standard are specifically written to recommend specific steps, precautions, and special circumstances for leadless pacemaker implantation to further promote the standardized, effective, and safe implementation of leadless pacemaker implantation in China.
Development and Validation of a Short Food Frequency Questionnaire (SH-FFQ) in Iranian Adults: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Saeidlou Sakineh N. , Ayremlou Parvin , Alizadeh Mohammad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
An accurate assessment of food intake is necessary to monitor nutritional status. However, differences in cultures and dietary habits between communities make it necessary to create culturally specific tools to evaluate food intake. This study aimed to develop and validate a short food frequency questionnaire (SH-FFQ) in Iranian adults.

Methods:
This perspective longitudinal study was conducted during four months. A total of 135 healthy adults over 18 years (both of sex) were included. The 24-hour dietary recalls (24-HDRs) (three times per month: A total of 12 numbers) were collected as reference for validation of SH-FFQ. Participants completed two SH-FFQ, once at the end of the fourth month for validity, and the second one week after the first administration for reliability assessing.

Results:
Reliability analysis showed that the mean difference between the two SH-FFQs was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). None of the correlation coefficients (rs) were less than 0.4. There was a substantial or perfect correlation (r > 0.6) in 85.1% and a moderate correlation (r = 0.4–0.6) in 14.9% of food items. For validity assessment, the average values of two SH-FFQ1 and SH-FFQ2 (SH-FFQ) were compared with the average values of 24-HDRs. All of the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of between SH-FFQ and 24-HDRs were equal to or greater than 0.4 (except one item). Moderate correlation (ICC = 0.4–0.6) and substantial or perfect correlation (ICC > 0.6) were observed in 38.3% and 59.6% of food items, respectively.

Conclusions:
The current study showed that the developed SH-FFQ is reliable and valid in Iranian adults. This developed SH-FFQ can be used in nutritional assessments.
Association of the Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and Testosterone Hormones in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Moosazadeh Mahmood , Heydari Keyvan , Rasouli Kimia , Azari Soroush , Afshari Mahdi , Barzegari Saeed , Nikaeen Roja , Kardan-Souraki Maryam , Khani Soghra , Motafeghi Farzaneh , Hoseini Aref 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
The present study is a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to investigate the effects of alcohol consumption on male sex hormones in humans.

Methods:
We conducted searches on PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar from June 2020 to June 2022. We included observational studies (cohorts, case-controls, and cross-sectional studies) comparing FSH, LH, or testosterone levels in alcohol consumers versus non-consumers. Subgroup analysis based on alcohol intake levels was conducted to explore potential heterogeneity sources. The meta-analysis was done by STATA version 11. Seventeen studies met the criteria.

Results:
Combining data from these studies, the standardized mean differences for FSH, LH, and testosterone in alcohol-exposed versus non-exposed groups were −0.00 (95% CI: −0.099–0.099), 0.04 (95% CI: 0.00–0.12), and 0.03 (95% CI: −0.11–0.16), respectively, showing no statistical significance. Subgroup analysis indicated a significant difference in FSH levels between moderate/high and low alcohol consumption groups (−0.04, 95% CI: −0.08 to −0.00). Similarly, compared to non-exposed individuals, testosterone levels differed significantly in groups with moderate (0.22, 95% CI: 0.12–0.32) and low (0.19, 95% CI: 0.04–0.35) alcohol intake. Given the notable alterations observed in testosterone levels among individuals with alcohol use disorder and the associated feedback changes in LH levels, it has been concluded that alcohol overuse should be recognized as a factor with destructive effects.

Conclusions:
It is suggested that future research includes comprehensive studies to investigate the changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis induced by alcohol consumption.
Comparison of Screen Time Usage and Mental Well-being among Professional College Students versus School-going Students: Promotion of Mental Health
Authors: Kaur Jasbir , Kaur Harpreet , Kaur Gurleen , Rana Shweta 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
New modern era, new modern age, the paper has been replaced by the screen. However, this screen might be started from the age of the television to the computer, smartphones, and tablets. With this new era the health is lacking and has taken a back step.

Aim:
This study aims to assess the screen time usage and its effects on mental well-being to promote the mental health among students.

Methods:
A quantitative research approach, nonexperimental descriptive research design was used. Data were collected from 100 professional college students and 100 school-going students. Nonprobability convenient sampling technique was used. Responses were collected on sociodemographic profile, self-structured screen time usage, The Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being (2006), and Self-Structured Screen Time Effects Likert Scale.

Results:
The study revealed that 55% of the college students and 42% of the school-going students were using smartphone for 1–3 h on weekends, 56% of the college students and 45% of the school-going students were using smartphone for 1–3 h on weekdays (58%) of the professional college students having high mental well-being and 42% having low mental well-being, almost half (54%) of the school-going students having high mental well-being and 46% having low mental well-being.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that the professional college students had higher screen time usage than school-going students on both weekdays/weekends and majority of them were using it for educational purpose. High mental well-being was found in both groups of students.
Content Validity and Cognitive Interview Process of Semistructured Interview to Evaluate Psychosocial Factors Associated with Mental Health among Undergraduate University Students
Authors: Paul Fayaz Ahmad , Banerjee Indrajeet , Ali Arif , Dar Danishwar Rasool , Bashir Aadil , Saikia Priyanka 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Content validity and cognitive interviewing are crucial elements in the development of measurement tools, impacting the psychometric properties and functionality of the instrument. Content validity ensures that the instrument adequately covers the intended content, while cognitive interviewing focuses on understanding respondents’ cognitive processes to identify questionnaire errors.

Objective:
This study aims to undertake content validation and cognitive interviews for a semistructured interview designed to measure psychosocial factors related to mental health among undergraduate university students.

Materials and Methods:
A qualitative and quantitative approach was employed in Tezpur, Assam. Six mental health experts verified the semistructured interview scale and conducted cognitive interviews with twenty undergraduate students. The study unfolded in three phases: (1) the creation of a 71-item pool, (2) content validity determination using the content validity index and content validity ratio, and (3) cognitive interviews. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional ethics committee.

Results:
Out of the initial 71 items, 18 were removed during content validity assessment, and 7 out of 53 were discarded in the cognitive interview phase. The final scale comprised 46 items, and the universal agreement value was 0.7.

Conclusion:
The research affirms the measurement tool’s overall good and satisfactory content validity. The removal of items during the validation process indicates methodological rigor. The study’s outcomes contribute not only to the establishment of a reliable measurement tool but also underscore the commitment to rigorous methodologies for valid and meaningful research outcomes.
Effectiveness of a Nurse-led Brief Intervention on Motivation toward Alcohol Cessation and Treatment-seeking Behavior
Authors: Chinneikim Esther , Paniyadi Nanda Kumar , Mishra Shree , Panigrahi Manas Kumar , Shetty Asha P. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Rendering brief intervention (BI) to alcohol users in patients with gastrointestinal complications with alcohol use disorders during their medical treatment enhances their motivation to quit alcohol and seeks de-addiction treatment from a mental health professional.

Aim:
To assess the effectiveness of a nurse-led BI on motivation toward alcohol cessation and treatment-seeking behavior (TSB) to a mental health professional in the general hospital settings.

Settings and Design:
Gastroenterology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital. A randomized, pretest, posttest control group design was used.

Subjects and Methods:
Patients with alcohol use were screened and selected (n = 60), and then randomized into two groups: experimental (n = 30) and control groups (n = 30) by concealment allocation. The experimental group was provided with BI for 25–30 min using principles of feedback, responsibility, advice, menu of options, empathy, and self-efficacy, whereas the control group receives treatment as usual. Motivation level and TSB were assessed using readiness to change questionnaire (RCQ) and TSB Assessment Scale at baseline and after 1 month of baseline assessment.

Results:
The motivation level was improved among the BI group after 1 month of BI. Significant changes were seen in the motivation level between the group on posttest as generalized estimating equation reveals a significant difference in the various levels of RCQ between the groups (P = 0.023). With regard to TSB, there is no significant difference between the BI and control group (P = 0.145).

Conclusions:
A nurse-led “BI” is effective in enhancing the motivation toward alcohol cessation but was found to be ineffective in changing the TSB toward cessation of alcohol.
A Cross-sectional Study on the Levels of Anxiety and Depression of People under Treatment for COVID-19 in Relation to Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Rajendhiran Gopi , Kumar V. Veera Balaji 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
COVID-19 was one of the pandemics which had put human emotional tolerance into hazard and tested our endurance levels. Emotional intelligence (EI) is described as the ability to identify, understand, and use emotions positively to manage anxiety, communicate well, empathize, overcome issues, solve problems, and manage conflicts. This study aims to understand the level of anxiety, depression, and EI of people who are recovering from COVID-19 in the hospital.

Methods:
A total of 295 people out of 480 COVID-19 patients treated in a COVID-19 care center in Madurai participated in this study and a cross-sectional method of study was performed. Sociodemographic data and the levels of anxiety, depression, and EI were examined and Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to identify the relationship between EI with the level of anxiety and depression.

Results:
The results indicate that people had 43.73% of the participants had mild levels of anxiety, 50.17% had moderate levels of anxiety, and 6.10% had severe levels of anxiety. Almost 50% of the participants had mild-to-moderate depression with regard to their current clinical condition irrespective of their levels of EI. However, there is a significant negative correlation between scores of EI and the levels of anxiety at α = −0.380, significant at P < 0.01.

Conclusions:
The results in this study have shown that EI is negatively correlated to the levels of anxiety in the participants. It shows that people high in EI are able to handle the sense of isolation and uncertainty in an effective manner.
A Comparative Study of the Leading Female Characters in Popular Old and New Hollywood Animated Movies
Authors: Ameer Amna , Naz Fouzia 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research was to conduct a comparative analysis of the portrayal of leading positive and negative female characters in animated movies. Such movies mostly attract young people as their potential audiences and believed to have quite strong impact on the viewers. Animated movies said to inculcate gender stereotypes in the minds of their audiences. The researcher has analyzed how the personalities of females are portrayed in Popular Hollywood animated movies both in positive and negative characters. Additionally she has also analyzed the stereotype, concerning “submissiveness” associated to the leading female heroines in the popular Hollywood animated movies. For this purpose a detailed content analysis of six popular animated movies was carried out. The full-length animated feature films are categorized in to popular old and new animated movies with the focus on the leading female heroines. The findings of the study show that heroines depicted in old movies were relatively more submissive as compared to the heroines portrayed in new movies. There is a noticeable shift from being passive and not demanding to be brave, strong and assertive. A positive step towards change in thinking pattern of the animated movie makers has been observed when there are many gender stereotypes attached to women’s role in society; and these stereotypes shape up the mindset of the audiences whether true or not. Leading heroines in the new animated movies are depicted to help the hero, unlike the heroines of old animated movies who are always in need of a male savior to rescue them from the villain.
Comparative Study: An analysis of WhatsApp application and SMS by students & Professionals of Karachi
Authors: Shahid Sana , Ahmed Zubairi Nisar 
Published: December 2024

WhatsApp has become one of the most popular messaging applications around globe. The study is conducted to analyze the effectiveness of WhatsApp and SMS in metropolitan city Karachi. Quantitative research method is used in this regard. A questionnaire was constructed with 10 close ended questions. Data was gathered from 250 students and 250 professionals of Karachi. An interview was also conducted from few professionals and students to gather additional data. It is concluded from the study that both students and professionals use WhatsApp to achieve their academic and business goals. Though people still use traditional SMS to communicate with their fellow beings but WhatsApp provide them more options and features in affordable rates. Therefore it is indispensible to revolutionize and adopt the latest technology in order to dilute the emerging challenges in Pakistan.
KBRN kapsamında acil sağlık hizmetlerinin durumu: Sistematik bir inceleme
Authors: Bulut Yücel , Nazlıgül Atakan , Kazan Gülse , Can İclal , Aycan Demirel Kübra 
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilgili yazında Kimyasal, Biyolojik, Radyasyon ve Nükleer (KBRN) ve acil sağlık hizmetlerini (ASH) inceleyen çalışmaların durum analizlerini yapmak olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmada, acil sağlık hizmetleri ve KBRN kelimeleri anahtar kelimeler olarak belirlenmiştir. Ocak 2020 ve Eylül 2024 tarihleri arasında Google Akademik veri tabanında sistematik yazın taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Arama kriterlerine uymayan çalışmalar çıkarıldıktan sonra 5 adet çalışma örneklem olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmalar, özet, anahtar kelimeler, yıllara göre dağılım, araştırma yöntem teknikleri açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre en fazla çalışma 2021 yılında yapılmış olup çalışmalar hastane öncesi çalışanlarının; tutum, öz yeterlilik, sorumlulukları, kişisel koruyucu donanım kullanımı, beceri durumu, farkındalık düzeyi ve olay yönetimi konuları üzerine yapılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler içerisinde en fazla KBRN kelimesi ve hastane öncesi acil sağlık hizmetleri kelimeleri geçmektedir. Çalışmaların %80’ı nicel araştırma olup %20’ı nitel çalışmadır. Acil sağlık hizmetleri çalışanlarının KBRN vakalarında deneyim ve öz yeterlilikleri, tutumlarını etkilemektedir. Vakalardaki tecrübe ve bilgi yeterliliği durumları, kaza esnasındaki tutumları; kazazede, duruma müdahale ve kontrol altına alma becerisi ile doğrudan bağlantılı olup çalışan güvenliği açısından da yüksek önem taşımaktadır.
Klinik liderliğin örgütsel dayanıklılık üzerindeki etkisinde psikolojik güvenlik ve grup bağlılığının rolü
Authors: Terlemez Bahriye , Kocaman Ersin , Baç Adnan , Kürtül Örtlek Meryem , Kalaner Ayten 
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmada, bir kamu hastanesindeki hekimler ve hemşireler bağlamında klinik liderlik, örgütsel dayanıklılık, psikolojik güvenlik ile grup bağlılığı arasındaki dinamiklerin analiz edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu araştırma, temel değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri ve hastane bağlamında belirli gruplar arasındaki farklılıkları incelemeyen; tanımlayıcı, ilişki arayıcı niceliksel bir araştırma tasarımına sahiptir. Araştırma örneklemini bir kamu hastanesinde çalışan 200 hekim ve hemşire oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Klinik Liderlik Ölçeği, Psikolojik Güvenlik Ölçeği, Grup Bağlılığı Ölçeği ve Örgütsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeği olmak üzere beş bölümden oluşan anket formu kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Anket tekniği ile elde edilen veriler, SPSS 21.0 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatiksel metotlar kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın gerçekleştirilebilmesi için etik kurul ve kurum izni alınmıştır. Hekim ve hemşirelerin Liderlik ve yöneticilik eğitimlerine katılım oranları düşüktür. Kadınlar örgütsel dayanıklılıkta daha yüksek puana sahiptir. Hekimlerin psikolojik güvenlik algısı hemşirelere göre daha yüksek düzeydedir. Evli katılımcıların örgütsel dayanıklılık ve grup bağlılığı puanları daha yüksektir. Yaş, eğitim düzeyi ve iş deneyimine göre klinik liderlikte önemli farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Uzun çalışma saatleri ve gece vardiyaları psikolojik güvenliği ve grup uyumunu olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Yöneticilik eğitimi almayan katılımcıların daha yüksek puanlara sahiptir. Örgütsel dayanıklılık, psikolojik güvenlik ve grup bağlılığı arasında olumlu etkileşimler vardır. Klinik liderlik ile bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişki daha sınırlıdır. Araştırma sonuçları, mevcut ve gelecekteki zorlukların üstesinden gelmek için sağlık hizmetlerinde liderliği ve yönetimi geliştirmek, dayanıklılığı ve etkili iş birliğini teşvik etmek için uygulamaya yönelik stratejiler sunarken, hastanelerin örgütsel dinamiklerine ilişkin anlayışın geliştirilmesi gerekliliğini ifade etmektedir.