bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic markers for the resistance of honey bee to Varroa destructor
Authors: Kaskinova M. D. , Gaifullina L. R. , Saltykova E. S. , Poskryakov A. V. , Nikolenko A. G. 
Published: January 2021

In the mid-20th century, the first case of infection of European bees Apis mellifera L. with the ectoparasite mite Varroa destructor was recorded. The original host of this mite is the Asian bee Apis cerana. The mite V. destructor was widespread throughout Europe, North and South America, and Australia remained the only continent free from this parasite. Without acaricide treatment any honeybee colony dies within 1–4 years. The use of synthetic acaricides has not justified itself – they make beekeeping products unsuitable and mites develop resistance to them, which forces the use of even greater concentrations that can be toxic to the bees. Therefore, the only safe measure to combat the mite is the use of biological control methods. One of these methods is the selection of bee colonies with natural mite resistance. In this article we summarize publications devoted to the search for genetic markers associated with resistance to V. destructor. The first part discusses the basic mechanisms of bee resistance (Varroa sensitive hygienic behavior and grooming) and methods for their assessment. The second part focuses on research aimed at searching for loci and candidate genes associated with resistance to varroosis by mapping quantitative traits loci and genome-wide association studies. The third part summarizes studies of the transcriptome profile of Varroa resistant bees. The last part discusses the most likely candidate genes – potential markers for breeding Varroa resistant bees. Resistance to the mite is manifested in a variety of phenotypes and is under polygenic control. The establishing of gene pathways involved in resistance to Varroa will help create a methodological basis for the selection of Varroa resistant honeybee colonies.
Abordagens teóricas em dados governamentais abertos
Authors: Dalenogare Lucas Geraldo Campos , Araújo Maria Arlete Duarte de 
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar as abordagens teóricas adotadas internacionalmente, nos últimos cinco anos, em estudos sobre Dados Governamentais Abertos. Para tanto, optou-se pela realização de uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, guiada pelo protocolo Kitchenham (2007). As análises abrangeram vinte e sete estudos realizados em dezenove países. Dos estudos analisados emerge a discussão de elementos teóricos acerca dos próprios dados abertos – como conceitos, requisitos, barreiras e benefícios – e de teorias associadas – como Teoria Institucional, Teoria Cognitiva, Teoria do Estado Informacional, Teoria de Ecossistemas, Teorias de Informação Interagência, da Perspectiva Multi-Nível e de Cross-boundaryou Interorganizacional, sinalizando para a ausência de uma escola de pensamento que aglutine os estudiosos do tema. Outrossim, revela-se também o potencial das políticas de dados abertos para um maior fortalecimento da democracia, geração de valor econômico, inovações e avanços técnico-gerenciais nas organizações públicas.
Evolution of studies on Real Options Theory in health sector
Authors: Rocha Milena De Cássia , Gonçalves Márcio Augusto , Lawryshyn Yuri 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the evolution of studies of real options theory in the health sector. For that, the present paper presents a study, which aims to analyze the studies published on the main scientific bases.Methodology/approach – A bibliometric study was developed. Articles published in: Plubmed, Wiley Online Library, Sage, Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer Link and Emerald Insight were analyzed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statisticsOriginality / Relevance: The originality and relevance is to present an analysis on the evolution of the studies of the theory of real options in the health sector already published.Main Results: The main conclusion is that the application of ROT in the health sector is not only in the evaluation of investment, but also has been observed its applicability in medical decision making. In addition, we note that the first study on real options theory in the health sector was conducted eleven years after the start of studies on real options theory. Moreover, the option to defer is the most applied in the health sector.Theoretical Contributions:This study contributes to scientific research in Applied Social Sciences by presenting an evaluation of the evolution of studies in the health sector.
Editorial
Authors: Lara José Edson 
Published: January 2021

Prezado leitor, Chegando a mais um período emblemático, fim de ano e de quadriênio de avaliação dos programas de pós-graduação pela CAPES, consideramos de bom alvitre apresentar nossa Revista Gestão Tecnologia, não apenas sua edição atual, como também compartilhar dados e informações históricas deste periódico.
Chitosan Elicitation Impacts Flavonolignan Biosynthesis in Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn Cell Suspension and Enhances Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Cell Extracts
Authors: Shah Muzamil , Jan Hasnain , Drouet Samantha , Tungmunnithum Duangjai , Shirazi Jafir Hussain , Christophe Hano , Abbasi Bilal Haider 
Published: January 2021

Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn is a rich source of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory flavonolignans with great potential for use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Its biotechnological production using in vitro culture system has been proposed. Chitosan is a well-known elicitor that strongly affects both secondary metabolites and biomass production by plants. The effect of chitosan on S. marianum cell suspension is not known yet. In the present study, suspension cultures of S marianum were exploited for their in vitro potency to produce bioactive flavonolignans in the presence of chitosan. Established cell suspension culture was maintained on the same hormonal media supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) and 1.0 mg/L NAA (α-naphthalene acetic acid) under photoperiod 16/8 h (light/dark) and exposed to various treatments of chitosan (ranging from 0.5 to 50.0 mg/L). The highest biomass production was observed for cell suspension treated with 5.0 mg/L chitosan, resulting in 123.3 g/L fresh weight (FW) and 17.7 g/L dry weight (DW) productions. Chitosan treatment resulted in an overall increase in the accumulation of flavonoids, phenolic compounds and silymarin. High accumulation levels of silybin B, silydianin and silybin A were recorded by HPLC analysis. The corresponding extracts displayed interesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. In particular, high ABTS antioxidant activity (741.5 μM Trolox C equivalent antioxidant capacity) was recorded in extracts obtained in presence of 0.5 mg/L of chitosan. On the opposite, highest inhibitions of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2, 30.5 %), secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2, 33.9 %) and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX-2, 31.6 %) enzymes involved in inflammation process were measured in extracts obtained in presence of 5.0 mg/L of chitosan. Taken together, these results highlight the high potential of the chitosan elicitation of the S. marianum cell suspension for enhanced production of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory silymarin-rich extracts.
Ammonia Removal in Free-Surface Constructed Wetlands Employing Synthetic Floating Islands
Authors: Allami Muwafaq H. M. , Whelan Mick J. , Boom Arnoud , Harper David M. 
Published: January 2021

Free water surface constructed wetlands (FSCWs) can be used to complement conventional waste water treatment but removal efficiencies are often limited by a high ratio of water volume to biofilm surface area (i.e. high water depth). Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) consist of floating matrices which can enhance the surface area available for the development of fixed microbial biofilms and provide a platform for plant growth (which can remove pollutants by uptake). In this study the potential of FTWs for ammoniacal nitrogen (AN) removal was evaluated using experimental mesocosms operated under steady-state flow conditions with ten different treatments (two water depths, two levels of FTW mat coverage, two different plant densities and a control, all replicated three times). A simple model was constructed as a framework for understanding N dynamics in each treatment. The model was calibrated using data obtained from one treatment and validated independently for the other treatments. Specifically, we hypothesized that the nitrification and volatilization rate constants are inversely proportional to water depth and proportional to mat surface area. This allowed the relative magnitude of different removal mechanisms to be estimated. The model was able to predict steady-state concentrations of AN and total oxidized nitrogen (TON) across the different treatments well (values for correlation in the regression between measured and predicted steady-state concentrations and RMSE were 0.88 and 0.40 mg N L-1 for AN, and 0.63 and 1.75 mg N L-1 for TON). The results confirm that nitrification is the principal AN removal process, with maximum removal occurring in shallow systems with high matrix cover (i.e. a high ratio of biofilm surface area to water volume). Plant uptake was a relatively minor loss process compared to nitrification. Integrated experimental and model-based approach was found to be a useful tool to improve mechanistic understanding AN dynamics in FSCWs and system performance.
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as a System for Ciprofloxacin Drug Delivery; Kinetic of Adsorption and Releasing
Authors: Dleam Enas Abd , Kareem Sameer H. 
Published: January 2021

Mesoporous silica (MPS) nanoparticle was prepared as carriers for drug delivery systems by sol–gel method from sodium silicate as inexpensive precursor of silica and Cocamidopropyl betaine (CABP) as template. The silica particles were characterized by SEM, TEM, AFM, XRD, and N2adsorption–desorption isotherms. The results show that the MPS particle in the nanorange (40-80 nm ) with average diameter equal to 62.15 nm has rods particle morphology, specific surface area is 1096.122 m2/g, pore volume 0.900 cm3/g, with average pore diameter 2.902 nm, which can serve as efficient carriers for drugs. The adsorption kinetic of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) drug was studied and the data were analyzed and found to match well with pseudo-first order kinetic model. The CIP drug-loaded mesoporous silica (CIP-mSiO2) nanoparticles has capacity of about 16.3 mg drug/ mg mSiO2 were achieved, and capable of releasing 26% and 98.6% of their drug content after 90 min in water and PBS solution(pH,7.4) respectively. In-vitro controlled release studies of CIP in Simulated Body Fluid were carried out under stirring conditions. A study on release kinetics and mechanism using Koresmeyer-Pepps model, first order kinetic, and kopcha model shows that the Korsmeyer-Peppas and Kopcha models, both conform more closely to the release data.
Effect of SnO2/In2O3 Atomic Ratio on the Structural and Optical Properties of ITO Thin Filmsof SnO2:In2O3 Thin Film Composite Ratio on Structural and Optical Properties
Authors: Abdul Raheem Zainab Hazim 
Published: January 2021

In this work, the effect of atomic ratio on structural and optical properties of SnO2/In2O3 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition technique under vacuum and annealed at 573K in air has been studied. Atomic ratios from 0 to 100% have been used. X-ray diffraction analysis has been utilized to study the effect of atomic ratios on the phase change using XRD analyzer and the crystalline size and the lattice strain using Williamson-Hall relationship. It has been found that the ratio of 50% has the lowest crystallite size, which corresponds to the highest strain in the lattice. The energy gap has increased as the atomic ratio of indium oxide increased.
FEATURES AND PROSPECTS OF THE ECONOMIC RENT FROM WORKFORCE AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Bogush Larysa 
Published: January 2021

Object of research: the article presents the results of studying the economic rent from workforce and social conditions (significant components of the important rent-forming resource of nowadays global economy – social capital) in Ukraine. Solved problem: determining the features of economic rent, outlining the conditions and prospects for increasing the rental income of the Ukrainian economy from the capitalization of workforce’ intellectual and creative qualities, as well as socium rent-generating conjunctures. Main scientific results: the role of the economic rent in the system of rental relations of the modern global economy and its national components is examined; the features of the formation and distribution of economic rent’ various types in the process of using the workforce’ intellectual and creative potential, as well as other components of the nowadays most significant type of rent-forming resources – social capital – are studied. The specificity of human component and social capital in general as a rent-generating resource is manifested in the generation of additional prerequisites (resource, organizational and economic) and incentives to increase volumes and expand potential areas for extracting rent income in the process of its use, since the using of the employee’ knowledge and abilities leads to a consistent accumulation of professional experience, and consequently – to a permanent increase in the aggregate of these rent-generating properties and in activities for improving the environment of their implementation in Ukraine. Scope of practical use of research results: the research results can be used in developing strategies and programs of Ukrainian economy’ innovative diversification in the process of its further competitive integration into the global economic space, that, among other things, requires the creation of conditions for improving the rent-generating properties of workforce and social environment, as well as increasing the level of its capitalization.
Developing an USACE method to rehabilitate Hour-al-Azim marsh and dust management
Authors: Shani Ramin Gorji , Barani Gholam-Abbas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Hour-al-Azim marsh is one of the most significant wetlands of the Mesopotamia watershed. In the past few years, severe environmental and hydrological stress have caused the loss of a large part of its area and its bed has become the largest focal point of haze in the southwestern of Iran. Determining delineation is one of the most important and necessary measures to protect a wetland's ecosystem and, in this study, delineation was determined using the USACE-R-G method. This method is a combination of ecological and hydrological criteria with a Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System. The results showed that under the first scenario the marsh is about 3,279 km2 which about 882 square kilometers constitute free-water surface and its average depth is 2.4 meters. In the second scenario, these numbers were estimated to be 1,619 km2 with an average depth of 2.7 meters. Moreover, the area of the haze focus is about 1,659 km2. As well as this, under these conditions the amount of water required to submerge the marsh is 7.9 in the first scenario and 4.4 billion cubic meters in the second one.
TEATRO DE OBJETOS NA PANDEMIA: EXPERIMENTAÇÕES PRÁTICAS
Authors: PARENTE JOSE 
Published: January 2021

Relato e reflexão sobre três experimentos cênicos na linguagem do teatro de objetos, uma vertente do moderno e do contemporâneo teatro de animação, concebidos e realizados durante o período de quarentena imposto pela pandemia mundial do novo corona vírus. Mais especificamente, o estudo busca compreender a relação entre o objeto e o conceito de metáfora, bem como as possibilidades do emprego consciente desta noção em processos artísticos.
Palavras-chave: encenação contemporânea, processos criativos, metáfora, teatro de objetos.
The Clinical Characteristics and Survival Profiles of Wilms Tumor in the United Arab Emirates: A Single-center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: AlJassmi Abdulrahman Mohammad , Rana Asim Noor , Humad Hani , Madasu Anjan 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Wilms Tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric kidney tumor, yet the disease has variable clinical characteristics and prognostic outcomes
across different populations.

Objectives:
This study aims to review the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of children with WT who have received treatment at Dubai Hospital,
UAE.

Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted involving the medical records of confirmed WT children (aged < 14 years) who had received treatment
between 2013 and 2018. Diagnosis should have been established based on the histopathological examination of operable tumors and needle biopsy
for inoperable tumors. The Société Internationale d’Oncologie Pédiatrique (SIOP) WT 2001 protocol was used for patient management, and the
UMBRELLA SIOP–RTSG 2016 Wilms tumor pathology and molecular biology protocol was used for histopathologic classification and clinical
staging. The presenting sign and symptoms, the findings of diagnostic imaging techniques, histological grading, the received treatments, and
follow-up outcomes were collected and analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to carry out the survival analysis.

Results:
Ten children were diagnosed with WT (median age of 3.40 years, 60% males). All patients presented with abdominal masses without prominent
pain. Synchronous bilateral lesions were found at diagnosis in one patient and metastatic lesions in three patients. Four children were discharged
against medical advice; five received treatment according to the SIOP WT 2001 regimen, while the remaining patient was managed in the United
States according to the National Wilms Tumor Study Group (NWTSG) protocol. The overall 6-year and relapse-free survival rates were 90% and
80%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The clinical characteristics and managemental outcomes of children presenting with WT are promising, possibly owing to adopting the SIOP
protocol. Considering the small sample size, more large-scale, nation-wide studies are warranted.
Bactericidal Activity of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh against Gram-positive and Gram-negative Biofilm-forming Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Bamunuarachchi Nilushi I. , Khan Fazlurrahman , Kim Young-Mog 
Published: January 2021

Aim:
To study the bactericidal activity of crude ethanolic extract and fractionations obtained
from Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh (brown algae) towards Gram-positive bacteria
and Gram-negative biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacteria.

Background:
The increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the hospital and community
settings has led to the discovery of alternative strategies. Marine organisms are considered as one
of the potential sources of diverse bioactive molecules against several biological activities. Hence,
the algae, especially the marine brown algae were selected to evaluate its antibacterial activities towards
biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacteria.

Objective:
To restrain the drug-resistant ability of pathogenic bacteria, we checked the extract of
Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh (Phyophyceae) for the concerned bioactive compounds.

Methods:
Antibacterial activity towards both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was evaluated
using disk diffusion and broth microdilution assays. Furthermore, the active compound present
in the extracts was also identified using Gas-Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS).

Results:
A total of 21 bioactive compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis with different
chemical natures. The crude ethanolic extraction was fractionated sequentially according to the eluotropic
series from less to extreme polar. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded for ethanolic extract
on Listeria monocytogenes with a value of 38.00±0.17 mm and the lowest was 10.67±0.06 mm
for ethyl acetate fraction on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ethyl acetate fractionate showed a higher effectivity
than other fractionations. An MIC value of 256 μg/mL was recorded against Staphylococcus
aureus and L. monocytogenes and 512 μg/mL against Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa. Its ethanolic
extract also showed synergism with oxytetracycline on S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and E. coli.
Furthermore, the same extracts also showed synergism with tetracycline on E. coli and with erythromycin
on P. aeruginosa.

Conclusion:
The present study reports the antibacterial activity of the S. aquifolium (Turner) C.
Agardh extracts against human pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, it also predicts the synergistic activity
of selected antibiotic combinations against both selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative
pathogenic bacteria.
Studying Adsorption and Cellular Toxicity of Boron Nitride Nanostructure versus Melphalan Anti-ovarian Cancer Drug
Authors: Fu Min , Tayebee Reza , Saberi Satar , Nourbakhsh Narjes , Esmaeili Effat , Maleki Behrooz , Vatanpour Hamid R. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Inclusion of anticancer drugs into biocompatible
nanoparticulate carriers decreases the general toxicity and improves the efficacy of
clinical treatments due to the reduction of soluble circulating free drugs.

Methods:
In addition, removal of emerging drug contaminants from wastewaters is a
necessity that should be seriously attended. Boron nitride (BN) is a choice in drug
delivery because of its many surprising properties. Here, boron nitride nanoparticles are
prepared, characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and x-ray
diffraction (XRD) and used in the delivery of melphalan anti-cancer drug.

Results:
Then, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are carried out to study the
adsorption of this drug on the surface of pure boron nitride fullerene via familiar hybrid
functionals B3LYP and B3PW91. In addition, the polarizable continuum model (PCM)
calculations show that BN is stable in water.

Conclusion:
Finally, the in vitro cellular toxicity and viability of BN nanoparticles was
examined on ES-2 cancer cells. The inhibitory dose IC50 of the material confirmed
acceptable cytotoxicity and nanoparticles affected the average growth of the ES-2
cancer cells.