bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERAN POLA ASUH DALAM PEMBENTUKAN MINAT BELAJAR ANAK DI DESA MEDINI
Authors: Putri Yuliana Sulistyaningrum , Pratiwi Ika Ari , Ismaya Erik Aditia 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa bentuk pola asuh yang diterapkan orang tua dalam pembentukan minat belajar anak di Desa Medini. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dalam penyajian data hasil penelitiannya. Proses pengumpulan data yang dilakukan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan pencatatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam memberikan bentuk pengasuhan orang tua di Desa medini menggunakan bentuk pengasuhan demokratis. Bentuk pola asuh demokratis dengan menerapkan disiplin belajar, mandiri, dan taat beribadah serta tindakan yang mencerminkan budi pekerti mampu memberikan peranan untuk anak khusunya dalam hal minat belajar anak. Pola asuh yang diterapkan oleh orang tua anak mampu memberikan dorongan terhadap minat belajar anak di lingkungan keluarga sehingga anak mampu mendapatkan hasil belajar yang baik. Tidak hanya itu bentuk pola asuh demokratis juga mampu membentuk karakter dalam diri anak berupa kedisiplinan, kemandirian, religius, dan komunikatif. Adapun saran dalam penelitian ini bagi orang tua diharapkan mampu memberikan pengasuhan yang positif bagi anak sehingga anak mampu memiliki minat belajar yang baik.
The Right to Claim Innocence in Poland
Authors: Jasiński Wojciech , Kremens Karolina 
Published: February 2021

The Right to Claim Innocence in Poland
Wrongful convictions and miscarriages of justice, their reasons and effects, only rarely become the subject of academic debate in Poland. This article aims at filling this gap and providing a discussion on the current challenges of mechanisms available in Polish law focused on the verification of final judgments based on innocence claims. While there are two procedures designed to move such judgment: cassation and the reopening of criminal proceedings, only the latter aims at the verification of new facts and evidence, and this work remains focused exactly on that issue. The article begins with a case study of the famous Komenda case, which resulted in a successful innocence claim, serving as a good, though rare, example of reopening a case and acquitting the convict immediately and allows for discussing the reasons that commonly stand behind wrongful convictions in Poland. Furthermore, the article examines the innocence claim grounds as regulated in the Polish criminal procedure and their interpretation under the current case law. It also presents the procedure concerning the revision of the case. The work additionally provides the analysis of the use of innocence claim in practice, feeding on the statistical data and explaining tendencies in application for revision of a case. It also presents the efforts of the Polish Ombudsman and NGOs to raise public awareness in that field. The final conclusions address the main challenges that the Polish system faces concerning innocence claims and indicates the direction in which the system should go.
De aanpak van kunstcriminaliteit in Europa
Authors: Hufnagel Saskia 
Published: February 2021

The policing of art crime: European perspectives
This article provides a short overview of art crime policing and gives some insights as to why art crime policing is an especially arduous task while specifically providing examples from the European Union (EU) and the United Kingdom (UK). The article focuses first on the detection of art crime, exploring why many crimes do not enter the criminal justice system. Here, the fact that art crimes are often not detected at all or, if they are, not reported to the police is discussed in some depth in particular with a view to art theft and forgeries. The article then addresses the investigation and prosecution of art crime cases in the EU and how they are facilitated and inhibited in various member states. Finally, the challenges and possible improvements at the European level are discussed and future directions of the fight against art crime are debated.
Seismic Geomorphology, Architecture and Stratigraphy of Volcanoes Buried in Sedimentary Basins
Authors: Bischoff Alan , Planke Sverre , Holford Simon , Nicol Andrew 
Published: February 2021

Our ability to investigate both the intrusive and extrusive parts of individual volcanoes has evolved with the increasing quality of seismic reflection datasets. Today, new seismic data and methods of seismic interpretation offer a unique opportunity to observe the entire architecture and stratigraphy of volcanic systems, with resolution down to tens of meters. This chapter summarises the methods used to extract the geomorphic aspects and spatio-temporal organisation of volcanic systems buried in sedimentary basins, with emphasis on the utility of 3D seismic reflection volumes. Based on descriptions and interpretations from key localities worldwide, we propose classification of buried volcanoes into three main geomorphic categories: (1) clusters of small-volume (<1 km3) craters and cones, (2) large (>5 km3) composite, shield and caldera volcanoes, and (3) voluminous lava fields (>10,000 km3). Our classification primarily describes the morphology, size and distribution of eruptive centres of buried volcanoes, and is independent of parameters such as the magma composition, tectonic setting, or eruption environment. The close correlation between the morphology of buried and modern volcanoes provides the basis for constructing realistic models for the facies distribution of igneous systems buried in sedimentary strata, establishing the principles for a new discipline of seismic-reflection volcanology.
Assessing the Effects of Engine Load on Compression Ignition Engines Using Biodiesel Blends
Authors: Maroa Semakula , Inambao Freddie 
Published: February 2021

This study evaluated the performance of a diesel engine operated with waste plastic biodiesel fuel (WPPO) blends. Findings were that at all engine loads (from idling to full load) the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were low compared to conventional diesel (PD), although the emissions of NOX were higher. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) for the blends dropped while the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased with load for all blends until intermediate load when it decreased. WPPO blends had a higher viscosity compared to PD. CO emissions for blend 95/WPPO5 at all engine speed idling modes were 285 ppm, 298 ppm, 320ppm, and 388 ppm while PD emissions were 270 ppm, 295 ppm, 315 ppm and 365 ppm respectively. The values for UHC for blend 95/WPPO5 at all modes were 35 ppm, 28 ppm, 22 ppm, and 18 ppm compared to PD fuel with 20ppm, 25 ppm, 30 ppm, and 40ppm respectively. The NOX emissions for PD fuel at all modes were 175 ppm, 225 ppm, 300 ppm and 375 ppm compared to blend 95/WPPO5 at 195 ppm, 245 ppm, 335 ppm, and 397 ppm. The BSFC values for blend 95/WPPO5 at all modes were 0.48 kg/kW.h, 0.41 kg/kW.h, 0.35 kg/kW.h and 0.4 kg/kW.h compared to PD at 0.45 kg/kW.h, 0.39 kg/kW.h, 0.33 kg/kW.h and 035 kg/kW.h respectively.
COVID-19 and Other Viral Pneumonias
Authors: GÖRMELİ KURT Nazlı 
Published: February 2021

Objectıve: Distinguishing COVID-19 pneumonia, which shares common symptoms with other respiratory viruses, from other pneumonia types will be of utmost importance for maintaining the sustainability of health services, preventing long waiting times of patients at emergency services, and isolating. We compared patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and those with NONCOVID-19 pneumonia with a view to distinguishing COVID-19 pneumonia from other pneumonias.
Methods: Our study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who were admitted to the emergency service of training and research hospital in Ağrı, Turkey between April 1-July 1, 2020. In our study two groups: patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and those with other pneumonias (non COVID-19) were compared in terms of demographic characteristics, laboratory data, and thoracic computerized tomography (CT) findings.
Results: Our study included 201 patients in the non COVID-19 group and 165 patients in the COVID-19 group. An analysis based on the CT findings showed that the rate of ground glass opacities (GGO) was significantly higher in the COVID-19 group (P < 0.01). The rate of isolated lobar or segmental consolidation was significantly higher in the non COVID-19 group (P < 0.01). The lesions had a significantly higher rate of bilateral distribution and peripheral location in the COVID-19 group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mortality rate (P = 0.469).
Conclusıon: We believe that in order to differentiate COVID-19 pneumonia from other pneumonias, a rapid thoracic computed tomography scan can be performed in the emergency department to be successfully patient management.
Comparison of hematological inflammatory parameters in patients with exfoliative glaucoma and exfoliative syndrome
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ Atılım Armağan 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To evaluate the neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet / lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in exfoliative glaucoma (XFG) patients with the aim of comparing the findings with those of healthy controls and exfoliative syndrome (XFS) patients.
Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study included 134 participants, 22 XFG patients, 41 XFS patients and 71 healthy individuals were examined. Peripheral venous sample values including neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet levels were recorded from the hospital database.
Results: Among evaluated hematological parameters, although the NLR values of the subjects with XFG were greater than those of the subjects with XFS, when the relationship between the NLR, PLR and SII parameters of the XFG and XFS groups, adjusted for age and gender, was examined by logistic regression analysis, no significant difference was found between the groups. Multiple linear regressions of the association between the NLR, PLR and SII parameters and the ocular parameters of the XFG and XFS groups revealed no significant relationship between the blood parameters and ocular measurements. Neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio was found to be the most acceptable discriminant parameter when comparing XFG group with the XFS and control groups (AUC [area under curve]=0.678, AUC=0.663, respectively). Platelet / lymphocyte ratio was found to be the best discriminant parameter between the XFS and control groups (AUC=0.605).
Conclusion: No significant difference was found between XFG and XFS groups in terms of NLR, PLR and SII parameters. Considering the fact that NLR has the best AUC when comparing XFG and XFS groups, it may be the most acceptable discriminant parameter between XFG and XFS.
Francese e italiano, lingue della moda: scambi linguistici e viaggi di parole nel XX secolo
Authors: Zanola Maria Teresa 
Published: February 2021

The French and Italian lexicon of the 20th century fashion illustrates the fashion of the time, its attitudes and feelings. In this contribution, the analysis of some cases highlights unexpected linguistic paths, which find the French matrix for reverse-loan words to Italian and vice versa, for internationalism, calques and loans. The reasons and modalities of the French linguistic influence on Italian language are investigated so as the influence that both languages receive from English language in this domain. The distribution of these language contacts can be different following two directions: the terminology corresponding to production (dresses, accessories, manufacts etc.) and terminology of fashion marketing and communication (how to communicate and promote these products in the fashion world). These two contexts bring out different lexical tendencies into the French and Italian lexicon of the 20th century.
Addiction peer recovery coach training pilot: assessment of confidence levels
Authors: Guenzel Nicholas , Dai Hongying 
Published: February 2021

Background
Peer recovery coaches (PRCs) have become a critical tool in addiction treatment in many areas of the world. Despite this fact, no identified research has examined the process or impact of PRC training. Furthermore, no scales were identified to measure trainee confidence in various PRC techniques. The goal of this article is to analyze the process and immediate impact of PRC training of twelve American Indians (AIs) in a culturally-specific program. We focus most specifically on trainee confidence levels.

Methods
No written consent was obtained and completion of the assessment was considered consent. Trainees completed self-assessments before and after the training. The self-assessment examined nine areas ranging from understanding the role of PRCs to knowledge of effective PRC techniques. Paired t-tests were used to assess for changes in individual trainee responses between the pre- and post-assessments.

Results
Pre-training responses ranged from moderate to high. Questions with the lowest average confidence levels address PRC activities or specific techniques to facilitate recovery. All nine questions showed statistically significant mean improvements in the post-training self-assessments. Questions regarding specific PRC activities and techniques showed the greatest improvement. Questions relating to helping people more generally showed the smallest improvement. Average post-training responses fell within a very narrow range indicating relatively consistent confidence levels across skills. Analysis indicates participants were possibly over-confident in certain areas (i.e., maintaining boundaries). This small pilot represents an initial attempt to measure confidence levels of PRC trainees. The findings may inform future training by identifying certain areas where emphasis might be most helpful for trainees. In addition, it is hoped that this work will encourage more systematic analysis of the impact of PRC training on individuals.
Influence of Substrate and Supplementary LED lighting on Vertical Farming of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and Pak Choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
Authors: Manawasinghe N. K. G. K. R. , Weerasekara S. H. , Karunaratne C. S. L. M. , Weerakkody W. A. P. , Kulapala B. 
Published: February 2021

Application of “plant factory” concept in protected culture is gaining momentum due to its technological and economic merits in many countries. This research examined the plant growth and yield of vertically grown pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) (in nutrient film technique (NFT) culture) under supplementary lighting with two different combinations of blue to red color LEDs (1:9 and 1:2 ratios) in comparison with horticulture grade and non-horticulture grade (recommended for general use) white (full spectrum) LED while keeping sunlight as the control treatment. Meanwhile NFT culture was compared to plant growth, yield and nitrate accumulation of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in comparison with conventional soil, culture and compost mixed coco-peat substrate in a replicated trial, conducted under greenhouse conditions with intensive micro climate control. A significantly high vegetative growth and total to yield could be found in the NFT grown basil. The nitrate accumulation in basil leaves was well below the maximum permissible limit (MPL), set-fourth by the recommendations of the European Health Commission. Meanwhile, the highest overall leaf quality of pak choi was achieved by the normal LEDs. Horticulture graded to LED maintained fairly high chlorophyll a and b contents contributing to its characteristic leaf color.
Corrosion Engineering on Iron Foam toward Efficiently Electrocatalytic Overall Water Splitting Powered by Sustainable Energy
Authors: Wu Zexing , Zhao Ying , Wu Hengbo , Gao Yuxiao , Chen Zhi , Jin Wei , Wang Jinsong , Ma Tianyi , Wang Lei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractExploiting highly effective and low‐cost electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a pressing challenge for the development of sustainable hydrogen energy. In this work, a facile and industrially compatible one‐pot corrosion strategy for the rapid synthesis of amorphous RuO2‐decorated FeOOH nanosheets on iron foam (FFNaRu) within 1 h is reported. Corrosion is a common and inevitable phenomenon that occurs on metal surfaces without electricity input, high temperature, and tedious synthetic procedures. The FFNaRu electrode is superhydrophilic and aerophobic, which guarantees intimate contact with the electrolyte and accelerates the instantaneous escape of produced gas bubbles during the electrocatalytic process. Moreover, the strong electronic interactions between RuO2 and FeOOH promote the electrocatalytic process via dramatically improving the electrochemical interfacial properties. Thus, the FFNaRu electrocatalyst presents excellent catalytic activity towards the HER (30 mV at 10 mA cm–2) and overall water‐splitting (230 mV at 10 mA cm–2) in 1 M KOH. The overall water‐splitting could be simply powered by sustainable and intermittent sunlight, wind, and thermal energies motivated Stirling engine. Density functional theory calculations confirm that coupling effects between RuO2 and FeOOH are also responsible for promoting the electrocatalytic HER performance.
Rapid, Universal Surface Engineering of Carbon Materials via Microwave‐Induced Carbothermal Shock
Authors: Zhong Geng , Xu Shaomao , Dong Qi , Wang Xizheng , Hu Liangbing 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCarbon materials have been ubiquitously applied in energy conversion and storage devices owing to their high conductivity, excellent stability, and flexible structure. Conventional functionalization of carbon materials typically involves complex chemical treatment or long‐term thermal and hydrothermal modifications. Here, a one‐step universal strategy for the rapid surface engineering of carbon materials by microwave‐induced carbothermal shock is reported. The temperature of carbon‐fiber clothes (CC) quickly ramps to 1500 K within 5 s and maintains it for 2 s to complete the surface engineering process. At elevated temperatures, salt precursors decompose rapidly to form the catalytic nanoparticles, which simultaneously facilitate the oxidation of neighboring carbon sites, resulting in an activated CC with multiscale defects, oxygen‐containing functional groups, and nanoparticles based on metal/metal oxide. In this process, both high temperatures from carbothermal shock and metal salt precursors are indispensable, as the former ensures effective carbon oxidation reaction while the latter provides the catalytic substance. The authors’ method can be extended to many carbon materials, thereby offering a facile, efficient, and universal strategy for surface engineering toward a range of applications.
Stable and Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution from Seawater Enabled by an Unsaturated Nickel Surface Nitride
Authors: Jin Huanyu , Wang Xuesi , Tang Cheng , Vasileff Anthony , Li Laiquan , Slattery Ashley , Qiao Shi‐Zhang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractElectrocatalytic production of hydrogen from seawater provides a route to low‐cost and clean energy conversion. However, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using seawater is greatly hindered by the lack of active and stable catalysts. Herein, an unsaturated nickel surface nitride (Ni‐SN@C) catalyst that is active and stable for the HER in alkaline seawater is prepared. It achieves a low overpotential of 23 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline seawater electrolyte, which is superior to Pt/C. Compared to conventional transition metal nitrides or metal/metal nitride heterostructures, the Ni‐SN@C has no detectable bulk nickel nitride phase. Instead, unsaturated NiN bonding on the surface is present. In situ Raman measurements show that the Ni‐SN@C performs like Pt with the ability to generate hydronium ions in a high‐pH electrolyte. The catalyst operation is then demonstrated in a two‐electrode electrolyzer system, coupling with hydrazine oxidation at the anode. Using this system, a cell voltage of only 0.7 V is required to achieve a current density of 1 A cm−2.
Exploiting Combinatorics to Investigate Plasmonic Properties in Heterogeneous AgAu Nanosphere Chain Assemblies
Authors: Schletz Daniel , Schultz Johannes , Potapov Pavel L. , Steiner Anja Maria , Krehl Jonas , König Tobias A. F. , Mayer Martin , Lubk Axel , Fery Andreas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractChains of coupled metallic nanoparticles are of special interest for plasmonic applications because they can sustain highly dispersive plasmon bands, allowing strong ballistic plasmon wave transport. Whereas early studies focused on homogeneous particle chains exhibiting only one dominant band, heterogeneous assemblies consisting of different nanoparticle species came into the spotlight recently. Their increased configuration space principally allows engineering multiple bands, bandgaps, or topological states. Simultaneously, the challenge of the precise arrangement of nanoparticles, including their distances and geometric patterns, as well as the precise characterization of the plasmonics in these systems, persists. Here, the surface plasmon resonances in heterogeneous AgAu nanoparticle chains are reported. Wrinkled templates are used for directed self‐assembly of monodisperse gold and silver nanospheres as chains, which allows assembling statistical combinations of more than 109 particles. To reveal the spatial and spectral distribution of the plasmonic response, state‐of‐the‐art scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with electron energy loss spectroscopy accompanied by boundary element simulations is used. A variety of modes in the heterogeneous chains are found, ranging from localized surface plasmon modes occurring in single gold or silver spheres, respectively, to modes that result from the hybridization of the single particles. This approach opens a novel avenue toward combinatorial studies of plasmonic properties in heterosystems.
Rethinking CRITID Procedure of Brain Targeting Drug Delivery: Circulation, Blood Brain Barrier Recognition, Intracellular Transport, Diseased Cell Targeting, Internalization, and Drug Release
Authors: Ruan Shaobo , Zhou Yang , Jiang Xinguo , Gao Huile 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe past decades have witnessed great progress in nanoparticle (NP)‐based brain‐targeting drug delivery systems, while their therapeutic potentials are yet to be fully exploited given that the majority of them are lost during the delivery process. Rational design of brain‐targeting drug delivery systems requires a deep understanding of the entire delivery process along with the issues that they may encounter. Herein, this review first analyzes the typical delivery process of a systemically administrated NPs‐based brain‐targeting drug delivery system and proposes a six‐step CRITID delivery cascade: circulation in systemic blood, recognizing receptor on blood‐brain barrier (BBB), intracellular transport, diseased cell targeting after entering into parenchyma, internalization by diseased cells, and finally intracellular drug release. By dissecting the entire delivery process into six steps, this review seeks to provide a deep understanding of the issues that may restrict the delivery efficiency of brain‐targeting drug delivery systems as well as the specific requirements that may guarantee minimal loss at each step. Currently developed strategies used for troubleshooting these issues are reviewed and some state‐of‐the‐art design features meeting these requirements are highlighted. The CRITID delivery cascade can serve as a guideline for designing more efficient and specific brain‐targeting drug delivery systems.