bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scandinavian creation theology—A constellation open to a variety of interpretations
Authors: Kristensson Uggla Bengt 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis text is a general introduction to Scandinavian creation theology, both from a historical and systematic point of view. The concept is connected to a loose network of theologians that emerged during the second part of the 20th century in the aftermath of the breakdown of the grand liberal paradigm, and as a critique against dominant anti‐liberal approaches in Protestant theology. In this article, Scandinavian creation theology is conceived as a “constellation” of three major “founding figures”—K. E. Løgstrup (1905–1981), Regin Prenter (1907–1990), and Gustaf Wingren (1910–2000)—who elaborated on a reconfiguration of Reformation theology by a “mediation” of Luther's theology inspired by the important Danish theologian N.F.S. Grundtvig (1783–1882). Using the doctrine of creation as horizon of understanding for the Christian faith, an original affirmation of ordinary life shared by all human beings is taken as a theological starting point, instead of attempting to isolate something distinctively Christian. Inspired by Irenaeus’ concept “recapitulatio,” it is claimed that becoming a Christian means nothing less—and nothing more—than becoming human again. Finally, despite the fact that this theological approach was developed in a declining monolithic Lutheran majority‐culture, it is being argued that the ongoing transformation associated with an emerging post‐Constantinian era is something that makes Scandinavian creation theology increasingly relevant and important today.
Neuropathic pain: Spotlighting anatomy, experimental models, mechanisms, and therapeutic aspects
Authors: Kankowski Svenja , Grothe Claudia , Haastert‐Talini Kirsten 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe International Association for the Study of Pain defines neuropathic pain as “pain arising as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system”. The associated changes can be observed in the peripheral as well as the central nervous system. The available literature discusses a wide variety of causes as predisposing for the development and amplification of neuropathic pain. Further, key interactions within sensory pathways have been discovered, but no common molecular mechanism leading to neuropathic pain has been identified until now. In the first part of this review, the pain mediating lateral spinothalamic tract is described. Different in vivo models are presented that allow studying trauma‐, chemotherapy‐, virus‐, and diabetes‐induced neuropathic pain in rodents. We furthermore discuss approaches to assess neuropathic pain in these models. Second, the current knowledge about cellular and molecular mechanisms suggested to underlie the development of neuropathic pain is presented and discussed. A summary of established therapies that are already applied in the clinic and novel, promising approaches closes the paper. In conclusion, the established animal models are able to emulate the diversity of neuropathic pain observed in the clinics. However, the assessment of neuropathic pain in the presented in vivo models should be improved. The determination of common molecular markers with suitable in vitro models would simplify the assessment of neuropathic pain in vivo. This would furthermore provide insights into common molecular mechanisms of the disease and establish a basis to search for satisfying therapeutic approaches.
The context dependency of pollinator interference: How environmental conditions and co‐foraging species impact floral visitation
Authors: Cervantes‐Loreto Alba , Ayers Carolyn A. , Dobbs Emily K. , Brosi Berry J. , Stouffer Daniel B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAnimals often change their behaviour in the presence of other species and the environmental context they experience, and these changes can substantially modify the course their populations follow. In the case of animals involved in mutualistic interactions, it is still unclear how to incorporate the effects of these behavioural changes into population dynamics. We propose a framework for using pollinator functional responses to examine the roles of pollinator–pollinator interactions and abiotic conditions in altering the times between floral visits of a focal pollinator. We then apply this framework to a unique foraging experiment with different models that allow resource availability and sublethal exposure to a neonicotinoid pesticide to modify how pollinators forage alone and with co‐foragers. We found that all co‐foragers interfere with the focal pollinator under at least one set of abiotic conditions; for most species, interference was strongest at higher levels of resource availability and with pesticide exposure. Overall our results highlight that density‐dependent responses are often context‐dependent themselves.
The role of cognitive and non‐cognitive factors in dental anxiety: A mediation model
Authors: Scandurra Cristiano , Gasparro Roberta , Dolce Pasquale , Bochicchio Vincenzo , Muzii Benedetta , Sammartino Gilberto , Marenzi Gaetano , Maldonato Nelson Mauro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDental anxiety is a crucial problem for dentistry because it may represent a significant risk to oral health. Different factors, whether non‐cognitive (e.g., traumatic dental events) or cognitive (e.g., the patient's subjective perceptions), may cause dental anxiety. However, previous studies have assessed these factors as independent predictors of dental anxiety, without providing any exploration of potential mediational pathways. The current study assessed the role of certain cognitive dimensions (i.e., the dentist's perceived professionalism and communicational attitudes, and the patient's perceived lack of control) as mediators between traumatic dental events and dental anxiety. The sample comprised 253 patients who had accessed a public university hospital dental surgery. The mediation analysis used a structural equation modeling. Traumatic dental events were positively associated with dental anxiety but, among the cognitive factors, only lack of control was. Furthermore, lack of control mediated the relationship between traumatic dental events and dental anxiety, although this mediation was only partial. This study sheds light on the mechanisms through which non‐cognitive and cognitive factors may affect dental anxiety. The clinical implications for dental practice, in terms of improving the psychological well‐being of patients, are discussed.
Surgical repair of a full‐thickness ear pinna defect in a horse
Authors: Cullen M. D. , Ehrle A. , Willson S. C. , Wilmink J. M. , Archer D. C. 
Published: May 2021

SummaryA 5‐year‐old gelding used for showing was presented for surgical repair of a full‐thickness 15 mm diameter defect in the right pinna, which had occurred as a delayed complication following laser excision of a sarcoid. The defect had resulted in progressive deformity of the ear, and the horse was considered at risk of further injury if the defect became entrapped on a fixed object. Two artificial dermis meshes were inserted to encourage the formation of granulation tissue across the defect, and a commercially available skin expander was implanted adjacent to the site. Eighteen days later, a second surgery was performed to remove the skin expander and to mobilise a local rotational skin flap to close the defect. Both surgeries were performed under standing sedation and local anaesthesia. The site healed well, avoiding further potential trauma to the ear and deformity due to tissue contracture at the site, although some deformation of the lateral aspect of the cartilage remained.
Safety and efficacy of genetic MECP2 supplementation in the R294X mouse model of Rett syndrome
Authors: Collins Bridget E. , Merritt Jonathan K. , Erickson Kirsty R. , Neul Jeffrey L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused predominantly by loss‐of‐function mutations in MECP2, encoding transcriptional modulator methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MeCP2). Although no disease‐modifying therapies exist at this time, some proposed therapeutic strategies aim to supplement the mutant allele with a wild‐type allele producing typical levels of functional MeCP2, such as gene therapy. Because MECP2 is a dosage‐sensitive gene, with both loss and gain of function causing disease, these approaches must achieve a narrow therapeutic window to be both safe and effective. While MeCP2 supplementation rescues RTT‐like phenotypes in mouse models, the tolerable threshold of MeCP2 is not clear, particularly for partial loss‐of‐function mutations. We assessed the safety of genetically supplementing full‐length human MeCP2 in the context of the R294X allele, a common partial loss‐of‐function mutation retaining DNA‐binding capacity. We assessed the potential for adverse effects from MeCP2 supplementation of a partial loss‐of‐function mutant and the potential for dominant negative interactions between mutant and full‐length MeCP2. In male hemizygous R294X mice, MeCP2 supplementation rescued RTT‐like behavioral phenotypes and did not elicit behavioral evidence of excess MeCP2. In female heterozygous R294X mice, RTT‐specific phenotypes were similarly rescued. However, MeCP2 supplementation led to evidence of excess MeCP2 activity in a motor coordination assay, suggesting that the underlying motor circuitry is particularly sensitive to MeCP2 dosage in females. These results show that genetic supplementation of full‐length MeCP2 is safe in males and largely so females. However, careful consideration of risk for adverse motor effects may be warranted for girls and women with RTT.
Understanding the impact of teaching systemic functional grammar in initial English language teacher education
Authors: Banegas Darío Luis 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe role of systemic functional grammar (SFG) is usually investigated in postgraduate courses and in‐service programmes with experienced teachers. In contrast, this study examines the impact of SFG on student‐teachers’ professional development in a pre‐service second language teacher education programme in Argentina. Framed in teacher research and ecological perspectives, a tutor examined the perceptions of a group of student‐teachers during the course of an academic year in a mandatory SFG module which favoured content and language integrated learning (CLIL) and metalinguistic knowledge. Data were collected through student‐teachers’ evaluations, summaries of group discussions, coursework samples, and whole class discussions as inherent parts of the module dynamics. Student‐teachers’ perceptions indicated that SFG had a positive effect on content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge.
Professional development of newly arrived teachers in Sweden
Authors: Al‐Shakrchy Eatessam , Jansson Maria 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTIn 2016, the government‐funded Fast Track for Newly Arrived Teachers and Preschool Teachers programme was introduced in Sweden. The initiative stemmed from a shortage of teachers and preschool teachers alongside a relatively large number of educated and experienced teachers among newly arrived immigrants. This study uses both qualitative and quantitative data to present the participants’ perspectives of the professional development offered by the Fast Track programme. The experiences of participants reveal challenges encountered in a new social and cultural field. This study uses the framework of human capital and social capital theory. The results show that the vast majority of participants perceive that they gain professional development through the Fast Track programme with the help of bonding and bridging social capital. However, Swedish administrative processes, cultural barriers, such as language proficiency, and slow adaptation to the new educational context seem to hinder professional development and integration.
Application of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) guidelines to thyroid nodules with cytopathological correlation and impact on healthcare costs
Authors: Chen Xiao , Kutaiba Numan , Pearce Sam , Digby Sam , Van Gelderen David 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsTo assess the application of American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR‐TIRADS) guidelines and the potential reduction of unnecessary fine‐needle aspirate (FNA) and cost savings through examination of cytopathological correlation.MethodsAll ultrasound‐guided thyroid FNA performed between December 2017 and July 2019 at our institution were included in this study. Prior to performing each FNA, the nodules were scored according to ACR‐TIRADS criteria with subsequent cytology scored according to Bethesda criteria. FNA request forms and preceding diagnostic ultrasound reports were analysed for clinical rationale behind each FNA. Collected data were applied to ACR‐TIRADS, American Thyroid Association (ATA) and Korean TIRADS (K‐TIRADS) criteria. Rate of reduction of unnecessary thyroid FNA and associated costs were subsequently calculated.ResultsA total of 125 patients and 146 nodules were evaluated. A malignancy rate of 7.5% was obtained. Sensitivity and specificity for detection of malignancy were 75% and 41% for ACR‐TIRADS, 91% and 26% for ATA and 92% and 19% for K‐TIRADS. Reduction in the rate of unnecessary FNA was most superior for ACR‐TIRADS at 54.8%. Based on Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule item codes, a total of $18 452.70 might have been saved over the study period had ACR‐TIRADS guidelines been uniformly followed.ConclusionsThis study highlights the strengths and limitations of guidelines in the investigative pathway of thyroid nodules, including superiority of ACR‐TIRADS in reducing the rate of unnecessary FNA. Continued education is needed towards application of guidelines among radiologists and referring clinicians, given the potential to reduce unnecessary FNA and achieve economic savings.
Indium‐labelled autologous platelet sequestration studies predict response to splenectomy in immune thrombocytopenia: an Australian experience
Authors: Ratnasingam Sumita , Reid Amy S. , Ma Dickson , Bucki‐Smith Daniel , Gwini Stella M. , Seneviratna Leah , Campbell Philip J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundSplenectomy is an effective intervention in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Attempts to define pre‐clinical predictors of platelet response to splenectomy are inconsistent. Based on international studies defining the likelihood of platelet response using platelet sequestration, patients with relapsed/refractory ITP being considered for splenectomy at a regional Australian hospital were assessed with 111indium‐labelled autologous platelet sequestration (ILAPS) studies.AimsTo audit the use of ILAPS in an Australian setting and define its role in predicting response to splenectomy.MethodsA retrospective review of all patients referred for an ILAPS study at a regional hospital was performed. Results for each patient were expressed as an ‘R’ value (spleen/ liver uptake ratio) to quantify the platelet sequestration pattern and outcome post‐splenectomy, based on platelet counts.ResultsA total of 45 patients was identified: 13 underwent splenectomy and 32 were medically managed. Patients with favourable ILAPS scans (pure or predominant splenic sequestration) demonstrated a superior response post‐splenectomy (100% overall response rate (ORR); 83.5% complete remission (CR)) compared with those with unfavourable ILAPS scans (mixed or pure hepatic sequestration) (71.4% ORR; 57.1% CR) over 12 months.ConclusionsThe use of ILAPS in the Australian setting is feasible and this experience confirms larger international studies demonstrating its utility as a predictor of response to splenectomy in ITP. An unfavourable ILAPS scan could be considered a negative predictor of response prompting consideration for other emerging ITP treatments such as thrombopoietin‐receptor agonists or B‐cell depleting therapy such as Rituximab.
Does the kitchen‐sink model work forecasting the equity premium?
Authors: Yin Anwen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe propose applying partial least squares (PLS) to estimating the previously considered ineffective multivariate regression model when forecasting the market equity premium out‐of‐sample. First, PLS is a dimension reduction method that effectively addresses the issue of multicollinearity prevalent among financial variables. Second, PLS constructs factors with the supervision of past equity premiums, resulting in an explicit linkage between the forecasting target and PLS components. Our empirical results show that the PLS‐estimated kitchen‐sink model consistently and robustly outperforms many competing alternatives, such as shrinkage estimators and forecast combinations, by a statistically and economically significant margin. Our analysis differs from Kelly and Pruitt (2013) in factors such as data source, model estimation and specification, and economic rationale.
An extended ϵ‐constraint method for a multiobjective finite‐horizon Markov decision process
Authors: Eghbali‐Zarch Maryam , Tavakkoli‐Moghaddam Reza , Azaron Amir , Dehghan‐Sanej Kazem 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA Markov decision process (MDP) is an appropriate mathematical framework for analysis and modeling a large class of sequential decision‐making problems. Real‐world applications necessitate the evaluation of the value of a decision according to several conflicting objectives. This paper presents an extended ϵ‐constraint method for a multiobjective finite‐horizon MDP. This study integrates the ϵ‐constraint method with the K‐best policies algorithm to find the nondominated deterministic Markovian policies on the Pareto‐optimal frontier. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on biobjective maintenance scheduling and machine running speed selection problems, and its performance is compared with a classic approach in the literature (weighted‐sum, WS, method). Satisfying results show that the proposed algorithm obtains a good‐quality Pareto frontier and has advantages over the WS method.
Disjunction, tension and dissonance within nursing pain care provision for the older hospitalized person: A focused ethnographic insight
Authors: Harmon Joanne , Summons Peter , Higgins Isabel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsThis study presents an ethnographic insight into the older hospitalized persons’ experiences on how nurses provide pain care provision. The older persons’ perceptions of culturally mediated barriers and facilitators are presented.DesignFocused ethnography.MethodsMulti‐site across eight acute care units within two tertiary referral hospitals on the east coast of Australia collected over a one‐year period from 2014 to 2015. Semi‐structured interviews (n = 12) of older persons (11 hr). Twenty‐three (23) semi‐structured interviews with nine (9) registered nurses (12 hr 38 min). Participant observation (1,041 hr) during day, night and evening shifts.ResultsThe older person experienced disjunction within pain assessment by the reliance of nurses on objective measurement gained during functional task completion. Tension emerged during pain management when the older person was not included and/or options provided were not deemed effective. For some older persons this meant they undertook a decision to exclude their nurse from involvement in pain management. A thread woven throughout was a lack of communication, continuity of care and input from the older person.ConclusionThis study has implications for the provision of nursing care of the older hospitalized person. Dissonance within pain care provision for the older person occurs during episodes of missed pain care. Understanding and insight is gained into aspects of missed communication opportunities between nurses and the experiences of missed pain care of the older person.
Biogeographic drivers of distribution and abundance in an alien ecosystem engineer: Transboundary range expansion, barriers to spread, and spatial structure
Authors: Ma Kevin C. K. , Gusha Molline N. C. , Zardi Gerardo I. , Nicastro Katy R. , Monsinjon Jonathan R. , McQuaid Christopher D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimBiogeographic boundaries can act as either weak or strong barriers to the spread of species undergoing distributional change. Once a novel species spreads across a boundary, it can have a substantial impact on the ecosystem, for instance by competing with local species, and, over the long‐term, re‐engineer the ecosystem. Marine biogeographic regions are clearly defined on the coast of southern Africa and we tested the influence of their boundaries on the spread and spatial structure of an alien ecosystem engineer.LocationSouthern Africa.TaxonAn invasive mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis.MethodsRecords of M. galloprovincialis were compiled into a database to determine its decadal patterns of spread across multiple bioregions. Distribution and abundance (estimated using density and semi‐quantitative abundance scale [ACFOR]) of this mussel were surveyed to determine patterns in spatial structure across bioregions. In addition, we compared the size structure of populations at the eastern margins of its range with those of larger populations nearer the range centre.ResultsInitial breaching of biogeographic boundaries was associated with rapid spread, but other boundaries encountered decades later acted as barriers to further spread. Across >2,800 km of coast, spatial autocorrelation was observed in densities (low and mid shore levels) and in ACFOR abundances. Repeating spatial patterns in densities and ACFOR abundance were detected at scales of 120–160 km and of 400–990 km. Considerable effort was required to detect populations at the absolute eastern limits of its distribution.Main conclusionDetection of spatial structures at multiple scales suggests that ecologically determined processes regulate abundance at both intra‐bioregional and inter‐bioregional scales, which may help tease apart the historic and contemporary consequences of interspecific interactions on the structure of rocky shore communities. This study demonstrates the influence of biogeography in driving temporal patterns of spread and spatial structure on the distribution and abundance of an invasive species.