bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agriculture, biology, and environment: Twenty first century challenges and opportunities
Authors: Khondker Moniruzzaman , Umehara Mikihisa , Hayashi Hisayoshi , Omar Mohamed Nabil Abd‐El‐Mageed 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe 6th International Conference on Agricultural and Biological Sciences (ABS 2020), was planned to be held in the People's Republic of China. Due to the COVID‐19 pandemic, ABS 2020, “Agricultural and Biological Sciences: Plant, Soil, Animal, and Environment”, was the first online conference in Agricultural and Biological Sciences history. Each paper addressed a slightly different topic and provided identifiable challenges and research key questions in agriculture, agronomy, food production and security, and environmental hazards. The role of Agricultural and Biological Sciences of China is the generation of research knowledge that influence everyday activities. There were 41 manuscripts submitted, of which 25 were accepted for publication. The research domains varied and included the role of specific plant on soil C‐cycling, haploid induction, and natural doubling of Zea mays L.; plant species and soil rhizosphere microflora; forest tree biomass succession and dynamics relevant to C‐sequestration; making sandy land agriculture friendly; plantation age on C, N, and P stoichiometry; codon uses pattern of Gnetum luofuoense C.Y. Cheng using transcriptome data; suitability of plant landscape unit and natural parks; regeneration protocol of Jatropha curcas L., etc. The purpose of this special section is to generate an improved communication among international scientists that we hope will lead to enhanced food security.
Extending the fossil record for foliicolous Dothideomycetes: Bleximothyrium ostiolatum gen. et sp. nov., a unique fly‐speck fungus from the Lower Cretaceous of Virginia, USA
Authors: Le Renard Ludovic , Stockey Ruth A. , Upchurch Garland R. , Berbee Mary L. 
Published: February 2021

PREMISEFossils can reveal long‐vanished characters that inform inferences about the timing and patterns of diversification of living fungi. Through analyzing well‐preserved fossil scutella, shield‐like covers of fungal sporocarps, we describe a new taxon of early Dothideomycetes with a combination of characters unknown among extant taxa.METHODSMacerated clays from the Potomac Group, lower Zone 1, from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian, 125–113 Ma) of Virginia USA yielded one gymnospermous leaf cuticle colonized by 21 sporocarps of a single fungal morphotype. We inferred a tree from nuclear ribosomal DNA of extant species, and coded morphological characters to evaluate alternative, equally parsimonious placements of the fossil in a molecular constraint tree of extant species.RESULTSBleximothyrium ostiolatum gen. et sp. nov. has an ostiolate scutellum of radiate, dichotomizing hyphae. Unlike otherwise similar extant and fossil taxa, B. ostiolatum has tangled hyphae at its scutellum margin. Scutella of B. ostiolatum are connected to superficial mycelium, to intercalary and lateral appressoria, and to extensive subcuticular “mycélium en palmettes”. The gymnospermous host has characters consistent with identity as a non‐papillate ginkgophyte or cycad.CONCLUSIONSBleximothyrium ostiolatum is the oldest known fossil fly‐speck fungus that occurs on plant cuticles and has the radiate, ostiolate scutellum known only from Dothideomycetes. Its combination of characters, its scutellum margin, and mycélium en palmettes are unknown in other extant and fossil species, and Bleximothyrium ostiolatum likely represents a new group of fly‐speck fungi that may now be extinct.
Prolonged hematologic toxicity following treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T cells in patients with hematologic malignancies
Authors: Nagle Sarah J. , Murphree Catherine , Raess Philipp W. , Schachter Levanto , Chen Andy , Hayes‐Lattin Brandon , Nemecek Eneida , Maziarz Richard T. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy (CAR T) is a novel intervention for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) and other hematologic malignancies. However, it is associated with prolonged hematologic toxicity (PHT) that is unpredictable and can significantly impair patients' quality of life. Reported here is a single‐center experience with PHT in adult patients with R/R DLBCL who received commercial CAR T‐cell therapy between March 1, 2018 and May 30, 2020. Prolonged hematologic toxicity was defined as ≥ grade 3 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia at day +30 after CAR T‐cell therapy. Of the 31 patients identified, 18 patients (58%) developed PHT. Patients with PHT had a shorter 1‐year overall survival (OS) than patients without PHT (36% vs. 81%, P < .05). There were no differences in the median time to ANC recovery for those with PHT compared to patients without PHT (16 days vs. 15 days). Several risk factors were identified to be associated with PHT including CRS (P = .002), receipt of tocilizumab (P = .002) or steroids (P = .033), peak ferritin >5000 ng/ml (P = .048), peak C‐reactive protein (CRP) > 100 mg/L (P = .007), and ferritin greater than the upper limit of normal at day +30. Seven patients with PHT underwent a bone marrow biopsy after CAR T‐cell therapy; all showed complete aplasia or were hypocellular with cellularity ranging from <5% to 10%. These findings identify PHT as a significant toxicity associated with CAR T‐cell therapy and highlight the critical need for further investigations to describe PHT in larger cohorts and identify standards for management of this condition.
Intermolecular Amination of Ketoximes with Anthranils by Rh‐Catalyzed C−H Bond Activation in Air
Authors: Chen Weiqiang , Li Chao‐Yi , Li Hui‐Jing , Wu Yan‐Chao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe formation of C−N bonds is a fundamental bond construction in organic synthesis. In this context, a [RhCp*Cl2]2/AgSbF6 system was developed for the C2‐amination of ketoximes with anthranils with the use of Piv2O as a promoter. Piv2O played an important role in the generation of catalytically active species with [RhCp*Cl2]2. The oxime unit was revealed to be effective chelating groups to activate the aryl C−H bond. The amination shows a wide substrates scope, and several important functional groups were tolerated under the benign reaction conditions.
Direct Access to Primary Amines from Alkenes by Selective Metal‐Free Hydroamination
Authors: Du Yi‐Dan , Chen Bi‐Hong , Shu Wei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDirect and selective synthesis of primary amines from easily available precursors is attractive yet challenging. Herein, we report the rapid synthesis of primary amines from alkenes via metal‐free regioselective hydroamination at room temperature. Ammonium carbonate was used as ammonia surrogate for the first time, allowing for efficient conversion of terminal and internal alkenes into linear, α‐branched, and α‐tertiary primary amines under mild conditions. This method provides a straightforward and powerful approach to a wide spectrum of advanced, highly functionalized primary amines which are of particular interest in pharmaceutical chemistry and other areas.
Structural and Spectroscopic Comparison of Soft‐Se vs. Hard‐O Donor Bonding in Trivalent Americium/Neodymium Molecules
Authors: Goodwin Conrad A. P. , Schlimgen Anthony W. , Albrecht‐Schönzart Thomas E. , Batista Enrique R. , Gaunt Andrew J. , Janicke Michael T. , Kozimor Stosh A. , Scott Brian L. , Stevens Lauren M. , White Frankie D. , Yang Ping 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCovalency is often considered to be an influential factor in driving An3+ vs. Ln3+ selectivity invoked by soft donor ligands. This is intensely debated, particularly the extent to which An3+/Ln3+ covalency differences prevail and manifest as the f‐block is traversed, and the effects of periodic breaks beyond Pu. Herein, two Am complexes, [Am{N(E=PPh2)2}3] (1‐Am, E=Se; 2‐Am, E=O) are compared to isoradial [Nd{N(E=PPh2)2}3] (1‐Nd, 2‐Nd) complexes. Covalent contributions are assessed and compared to U/La and Pu/Ce analogues. Through ab initio calculations grounded in UV‐vis‐NIR spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray structures, we observe differences in f orbital involvement between Am–Se and Nd–Se bonds, which are not present in O‐donor congeners.
Noninertial effects on CP‐violating systems
Authors: Silveira Vinicius M. G. , Vasconcellos Cesar A. Z. , Luna Emerson G. S. , Hadjimichef Dimiter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAn analysis of accelerated kaon decays based on the Unruh effect shows a slight decrease in a CP violation parameter for very high accelerations as a consequence of the previously known increase in decay rates for noninertial systems. Its consequences regarding the understanding of the relation between thermal and noninertial phenomena are briefly discussed.
Phytochemical Profile and Anti‐Inflammatory Activity of the Fraction from Artemisia lavandulaefolia
Authors: Zhang Lai‐Bin , Guo Li‐Min , Wang Feng‐Long , Lü Jie‐Li 
Published: February 2021

AbstractArtemisia lavandulaefolia, a traditional herbal medicine, has been utilized as anti‐inflammatory and analgesia agent in clinic. Bioassay‐guided fractionation resulted in a fraction (ALDF) with anti‐inflammatory effect obtained from A. lavandulaefolia. Its main constituents were analyzed and identified by UPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS technology. ALDF showed the strong inhibitory activity on the nitrogen oxide (NO) production in LPS‐induced RAW 264.7 macrophages with an IC50 value of 1.64±0.41 μg/mL. Further results displayed that ALDF also significantly suppressed the secretion of key pro‐inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and the increase of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) protein expression induced by LPS stimulation. Mechanism study indicated that ALDF was able to block NF‐κB signaling pathway through inhibiting IκB and p65 phosphorylation, as well as NF‐κB p65 nuclear translocation. Furthermore, in vivo results in mice revealed that treatments with ALDF evoked significant inhibition on ear edema induced by xylene and on the writhing responses induced by acetic acid. These results suggest that ALDF holds great potential in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory disorders.
Deoxyribonuclease I Inhibitory Properties, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of 1‐(Pyrrolidin‐2‐yl)propan‐2‐one Derivatives
Authors: Ilić Budimir S. , Gajić Mihajlo , Bondžić Bojan P. , Džambaski Zdravko , Kocić Gordana , Šmelcerović Andrija 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDeoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) inhibitory properties of two 1‐(pyrrolidin‐2‐yl)propan‐2‐one derivatives were examined in vitro. Determined IC50 values of 1‐[1‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin‐2‐yl]propan‐2‐one (1) (192.13±16.95 μM) and 1‐[1‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin‐2‐yl]propan‐2‐one (2) (132.62±9.92 μM) exceed IC50 value of crystal violet, used as a positive control, 1.89‐ and 2.73‐times, respectively. Compounds are predicted to be nontoxic and to have favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, with high gastrointestinal absorption and blood‐brain barrier permeability. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations suggest that interactions with Glu 39, Glu 78, Arg 111, Pro 137, Asp 251 and His 252 are an important factor for inhibitors affinity toward the DNase I. Determined inhibitory properties along with predicted ADMET profiles and observed interactions would be beneficial for the discovery of new active 1‐(pyrrolidin‐2‐yl)propan‐2‐one‐based inhibitors of DNase I.
Eleven Danish patients diagnosed with Scabies and treated with Tenutex®
Authors: Soerensen Christian A. S. , Pallesen Kristine Appel Uldall , Munk Nadja Trier , Vestergaard Christian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTreatment with Tenutex® should be considered in patients diagnosed with scabies if the first‐line treatment with 5% permethrin fails. Treatment failure with 5% permethrin may be due to tolerance or resistance in scabies mites.
Vertically Oriented Graphene Nanosheets for Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: He Pingge , Chen Shaowei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Professor Shaowei Chen from the University of California (USA). The picture shows an array of graphene nanosheets vertically grown onto a substrate that may be used as effective electrodes for electrochemical energy technologies (e.g. supercapacitors, lithium‐ion batteries, etc.). This is to take advantage of the large accessible surface area, rich edges, high electrical conductivity, open network channels, and agglomeration resistance, unique characteristics unseen with conventionally, randomly, or horizontally oriented graphene derivatives. Read the full text of the Review at 10.1002/celc.202001364.
Regular solution theory applied to asphaltene related phase behaviour
Authors: Yarranton Harvey W. , Ramos‐Pallares Francisco 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAsphaltenes are the least soluble fraction of crude oil and they can phase separate from the oil upon a change in temperature, pressure, or composition. This phase separation, often described as precipitation, may be beneficial (eg, in a partial deasphalting process) or detrimental (eg, in pipeline and surface equipment fouling). A phase behaviour model that can predict the onset and amount of asphaltene precipitation and is compatible with process simulators is desirable for the design and operation of these processes. This brief review focuses on the regular solution modelling approach. The regular solution model is based on activity coefficients and therefore is well suited for liquid‐liquid phase separations such as asphaltene precipitation. The model and its internal correlations are presented and its performance on asphaltene phase separation from mixtures of heavy oils and solvent is demonstrated. Recent updates to this approach are presented and potential future applications are discussed. The strengths and limitations of this approach for oilfield applications are highlighted.
Investigations of the effects of the non‐darkening seed coat trait coded by the recessive jj alleles on agronomic, sensory, and cooking characteristics in pinto beans
Authors: Erfatpour Mohammad , Duizer Lisa , Pauls K. Peter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe beige background of the conventional pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed coat turns brown over time due to oxidation of its proanthocyanidins. Pinto beans that have slow‐darkening (SD) or non‐darkening (ND) seed coats are more desired in the market because they are perceived to be fresh, high‐quality beans. However, correlations between the ND seed coat trait and agronomic performance have not been investigated. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to estimate variance components and broad‐sense heritabilities of agronomic and seed coat traits in pinto beans, and to determine if correlations exist between the ND seed coat trait and agronomic, sensory, and cooking traits in recombinant inbred lines, developed from crosses between ND pinto bean breeding lines, incorporating the ND gene from ‘Wit‐rood boontje’, with two regular‐darkening (RD) pinto bean varieties (‘Stampede’ in Population 1 and ‘La Paz’ in Population 2), grown in four different environments of southwest Ontario in 2016. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences between the RD and ND genotypes for grain yield, 100‐seed weight, hydration capacity, and the seed coat color parameters in both populations. The color parameter L*, which represents the whiteness of the seed coat, was selected as the main discriminative parameter between the RD and ND seed coat phenotypes. There was a weak positive genetic correlation between the ND trait and days to maturity in Population 1 (rg = .11). The ND trait showed weak negative genetic correlations with grain yield (rg = −.23 in Population 1 and rg = −.13 in Population 2). Moderately weak positive genetic correlations were found between the ND trait and hydration capacity in Population 1 (rg = .44) and Population 2 (rg = .40). The ND pinto beans were perceived as sweeter and had softer and smoother textures and shorter cooking times compared with the RD pinto beans.
A Substituent‐Directed Strategy for the Selective Synthesis of L‐Hexoses: An Expeditious Route to L‐Idose
Authors: See Nicholas W. , Wimmer Norbert , Krenske Elizabeth H. , Ferro Vito 
Published: February 2021

AbstractL‐Hexoses are rare but biologically significant components of various important biomolecules. However, most are prohibitively expensive (if commercially available) which limits their study and biotechnological exploitation. New, efficient methods to access L‐hexoses and their derivatives are thus of great interest. In a previous study, we showcased a stereoselective Bu3SnH‐mediated transformation of a 5‐C‐bromo‐D‐glucuronide to an L‐iduronide. We have now drawn inspiration from this result to derive a new methodology – one that can be harnessed to access other L‐hexoses. DFT calculations demonstrate that a combination of a β‐F at the anomeric position and a methoxycarbonyl substituent at C‐6 is key to optimising the selectivity for the L‐hexose product. Our investigations have also culminated in the development of the shortest known synthetic route to a derivative of L‐idose from a commercially available starting material (45 % yield over 3 steps). Collectively, these results address the profound lack of understanding of how to synthesise L‐hexoses in a stereoselective fashion.
Obstacles to reconciliation and forgiveness among victim groups of unacknowledged past trauma and genocide
Authors: Uluğ Özden Melis , Bilali Rezarta , Karasu Mehmet , Malo Leah 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGroups in conflict often resist efforts toward reconciliation with the outgroups. Despite the growing research examining processes underlying support for reconciliation, we know little about how resentment might drive members of victim groups that have experienced violence and atrocities to oppose reconciliation and reduce their willingness to forgive the perpetrator group. Using the context of the Turkish–Armenian conflict, the present research investigated the association of ingroup identification, ingroup glorification, and resentment with willingness to reconcile and forgive among Armenians in their homeland context (Armenia; Study 1) and Armenian‐Americans in the hostland context (the United States; Study 2). In Study 1, stronger Armenian identification and Armenian glorification predicted more resentment toward the Turks, which in turn predicted less forgiveness and less support for reconciliation. Study 2 replicated the findings of Study 1 regarding the associations of ingroup glorification but not ingroup identification. However, Study 2 also demonstrated that identification with diaspora identity (i.e., American identity) predicted positive intergroup outcomes. Results point to the important relationship between different modes of identification both in the homeland and in hostland countries and intergroup‐related outcomes through resentment, and to the obstacles to reconciliation and forgiveness among victim groups of unacknowledged past trauma and genocide.
Chemotherapy‐based approach is the preferred treatment for sporadic late‐onset nemaline myopathy with a monoclonal protein
Authors: Kotchetkov Rouslan , Susman David , Bhutani Divaya , Broch Kaspar , Dispenzieri Angela , Buadi Francis K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSporadic late‐onset nemaline myopathy (SLONM) associated with monoclonal protein (MP) is a rare disease with an aggressive, and often fatal course. Whether SLONM + MP represents a malignancy or dysimmune disease remains unclear. Currently, two main approaches are used to treat SLONM + MP: nonchemotherapy‐based treatment (immunosuppression, intravenous immunoglobulins, plasmapheresis and plasma exchange) or chemotherapy with or without autologous stem cell transplantation. Due to the rare occurrence of the disease, the best treatment modality is unknown. We analyzed treatment and outcomes in a large cohort of 53 patients with SLONM + MP: four our own patients and 49 cases from published literature. Neurological improvement in the nonchemotherapy group (N = 25) was observed in 52% of patients: 8% reached marked improvement, 8% moderate response, 36% mild response; none reached complete remission (CR). In the chemotherapy group (N = 28), neurological improvement was seen in 86% of patients: 46% reached CR, 25% marked response, 11% moderate response and 4% mild response. The best neurological improvement correlated with deep hematological remission. Mean time to best response in the chemotherapy group was 8 months versus 21 months in the nonchemotherapy group (P < .001). Overall survival was higher in patients in the chemotherapy group. A chemotherapy approach should be the preferred treatment for patients with SLOMN + MP with the goal to reach complete hematologic remission. Based on the clinical, morphological peculiarities, aggressive disease course and superior clinical benefits of chemotherapy over nonchemotherapy, SLONM + MP should be considered as a hematological malignancy with the presence of MP of clinical rather than undetermined significance.
Transcervical fibroid ablation with the Sonata™ system for treatment of submucous and large uterine fibroids
Authors: Shifrin Gregory , Engelhardt Matthias , Gee Phyllis , Pschadka Gregor 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the role and benefits of transcervical fibroid ablation (TFA) in the treatment of submucous and large uterine fibroids.MethodsA subgroup of patients with submucous or large fibroids were analyzed from two prospective clinical trials (FAST‐EU and SONATA) of sonography‐guided TFA with the Sonata® system. Key outcomes were changes in menstrual blood loss, symptom severity and health‐related quality of life on the Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire, health‐related quality of life on the EQ‐5D questionnaire, and surgical reinterventions for heavy menstrual bleeding.ResultsAmong 197 women (534 treated fibroids), 86% of women with only submucous fibroids and 81% of women with large fibroids (>5 cm) experienced bleeding reduction within 3 months post‐ablation. Overall symptom severity and health‐related quality of life showed sustained, significant improvements over 12 months. Additional fibroid mapping of large fibroids with magnetic resonance imaging in the FAST‐EU trial showed an average volume reduction of 68%. Among women with only submucous fibroids, the rate of surgical reintervention through 1 year of follow up was 3.7% in FAST‐EU and 0.0% in SONATA.ConclusionWith the Sonata system, TFA is an effective single‐stage treatment option for non‐pedunculated submucous myomata, and larger or deeper uterine fibroids (including fibroid clusters) for which hysteroscopic treatment is not suitable.ClinicalTrials.gov: FAST‐EU, NCT01226290; SONATA, NCT02228174.