bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compartmental analysis of retinal vascular parameters and thickness in myopic eyes using SS-OCTA
Authors: Zeng Chen , Tang Chong , Tan Yixin , Liu Juxian , Shi Kai , Li Qi 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThis study aimed to comprehensively explore the thickness and topographic distributions of retinal vessel alterations of different myopic eyes by using swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA).MethodsOne hundred myopes were included in this observational cross-sectional study. All participants underwent a series of ocular examinations of biometrical parameters, including spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL), intraocular pressure (IOP), curvature radius (CR), and others. Retinal parameters like vessel density (VD) of different compartments of papillary and peripapillary sectors were measured by SS-OCTA, respectively. Two sample-independent T-test was applied to identify intraocular differences in retinal biometrical indicators between groups, and correlation analysis was used to explore potential relationships between AL/CR ratio and some ocular variables.ResultsFor high myopic participants, they exhibited a lower vessel density, a lower small vessel density, and a lower flow area, especially in the superficial layer and the nerve fiber layer (RNFL), along with a thinner superficial layer, RNFL and retina. More alterations were proved in nasal peripapillary sectors in high myopes. We also explored their hidden relationship with AL/CR ratio. We found that in non-high myopes, the thickness of the whole retina, RNFL and the superficial layer were all negatively correlated with AL/CR ratio in the papillary and peripapillary zone. In contrast, the vessel density and flow area of several vessel layers were positively correlated. However, there wasn’t so much significance found in high myopic eyes.ConclusionRetinal vessel microstructure was more easily affected in highly myopic eyes, especially in superficial blood vessels, and compartmental analysis showed that alterations in nasal peripapillary sectors were more evident. Additionally, we highlighted hidden correlations between AL/CR ratio and blood flow characteristics of specific vascular layers, which could serve as sensitive biometrical indicators of early retinal damages.
High prevalence and plasmidome diversity of optrA-positive enterococci in a Shenzhen community, China
Authors: Fu Yulin , Deng Zhaoju , Shen Yingbo , Wei Weizhou , Xiang Qiumei , Liu Zhiyang , Hanf Kunning , Huang Suli , Lv Zexun , Cao Tingting , Peng Changfeng , Zhang Rong , Zou Xuan , Shen Jianzhong , Schwarz Stefan , Wang Yang , Liu Dejun , Lv Ziquan , Ke Yuebin 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe emergence of optrA, which can confer resistance to phenicols and oxazolidinones in Enterococcus spp., poses a growing public health threat.Methods102 optrA-positive enterococci (OPEs) including various species were isolated from feces of 719 healthy volunteers in a Shenzhen community, China. Antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates was tested. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed to characterize molecular epidemiology of OPEs.ResultsCompared to optrA-negative enterococci (ONEs), antimicrobial resistance (linezolid, florfenicol, doxycycline, erythromycin and ciprofloxacin) and presence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) (fexA, cat, tet(M), erm(A), erm(B) and etc) were higher in OPEs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that high similarly (19–338 SNPs) was observed between the optrA-positive E. faecalis from community and the strains from patients, animals, and environment. In 102 OPEs, the optrA gene was detected on the chromosome (n = 36), on plasmids (n = 62), or both (n = 4). A diverse range of optrA-carrying plasmid types was identified. The rep9-plasmid replicons were widely detected in E. faecalis (44/66), whereas repUS1-plasmid replicons were widely identified in other enterococcal species (7/66). Most of all ARGs harbored by isolates were co-existed on optrA-carrying plasmids, suggesting that the acquisition of optrA-carrying plasmids will pose a greater threat to public health. Notably, the pAD1 (rep9 family) + DOp1-type plasmids should receive more attention for the transfer of optrA given their high prevalence (36.36%), high number of co-located ARGs with optrA (83.87% of total ARGs) and presence in multiple sources. Tn6674, IS1216E, ISEnfa1 and ISEnfa5 are related to the transfer of chromosomal and plasmids-derived optrA, respectively. The bcrABDR gene cluster, fexA, and erm(A) were frequently identified surrounding optrA and may be transferred with optrA via IS1216E or ISEnfa1.ConclusionThe transfer of optrA gene is related to a variety of mobile elements (including plasmids, insertion sequences, transposons), which will promote the horizontal transfer of optrA. Moreover, many ARGs co-exist with optrA and could co-transfer with optrA. The acquisition of OPEs and optrA-carrying plasmids will pose a greater threat to public health and should be obtained more attention, especially optrA-positive E. faecalis and pAD1 + DOp1-type plasmids.
Diagnostic performance of biomarkers for differentiating active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Jeong Ji Hun , Shim Sung Ryul , Han Sangah , Hwang Inhwan , Ihm Chunhwa 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPCR and culture tests are used together to confirm the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB). Due to the long culture period, if the PCR test is negative, it takes a significant amount of time for the culture result to be available. Interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs), which are widely used to diagnose TB or latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), cannot effectively discriminate TB from LTBI. The purpose of this study is to analyze the diagnostic performance of various markers for differentiating between TB from LTBI.MethodsPubMed-Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched up to the end of May 2024, without restrictions on publication date and population. Articles describing the diagnostic value of at least one biomarker for differentiating between TB and LTBI were included. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess study quality. Two independent researchers assessed the articles using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed for diagnostic tools of 11 groups used to differentiate TB from LTBI.ResultsOut of 164 identified articles, 159 reports were included in the systematic review and 58 in the meta-analysis. Seventy results from 58 reports accounting for 9,291 participants were included. When measuring interleukin-2 (IL-2) after stimulation with latency antigen, the most significant odds ratio was shown in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. The values were 9.46, 18.5, 11.30, and 9.61, respectively.ConclusionThis study shows that the IL-2 level after stimulation with latent antigen is a potential biomarker for differentiating TB from LTBI.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024542996.
Optimal proprioceptive training combined with rehabilitation regimen for lower limb dysfunction in stroke patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zheng Kaiqi , Li Li , Zhou Yahui , Gong Xiaokun , Zheng Gangbin , Guo Liang 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the optimal rehabilitation regimen for lower limb dysfunction in stroke patients by analyzing the effects of proprioceptive training (PT) in combination with different rehabilitation interventions.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to April 23, 2024, were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (ROB 2.0). Network meta-analysis was performed via R studio and STATA 15.0.ResultsA total of 64 RCTs involving 4,084 stroke patients with lower limb dysfunction were included. For balance ability in stroke patients, PT in combination with motor relearning programme (PT + MRP) demonstrated the optimal rehabilitation effect [surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) 77.94%]. For lower limb motor function, PT in combination with closed kinematic chain exercises (PT + CKCE) was most effective (SUCRA 88.39%). For walking ability, PT in combination with visual feedback training (PT + VFT) was superior (SUCRA 96.61%). Cluster analysis indicated that PT + CKCE and PT + RT1 were the optimal rehabilitation regimens for lower limb dysfunction in stroke patients.ConclusionPT+MRP was the optimal rehabilitation regimen for improving balance ability in stroke patients; PT+CKCE was the best for enhancing lower limb motor function; and PT+VFT was most effective for improving walking ability. Overall, PT+CKCE and PT+RT1 represented the optimal rehabilitation regimens for lower limb dysfunction in stroke patients, while PT+RT1 is most effective within 5 days of stroke onset.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetailsCRD42024548889, PROSPERO CRD42024548889.
The pivotal role of sleep in mediating the effects of life stressors and healthy habits on allostatic load in mid-life adults
Authors: Buller-Peralta Ingrid , Gregory Sarah , Low Audrey , Dounavi Maria-Eleni , Bridgeman Katie , Ntailianis Georgios , Lawlor Brian , Naci Lorina , Koychev Ivan , Malhotra Paresh , O'Brien John T. , Ritchie Craig W. , Dauvilliers Yves , Muniz-Terrera Graciela 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesWe assessed the modulation of allostatic load (AL) by engagement in healthy habits and life stressors, mediated through resilience and the perceived influence of the stressors. Sleep was included as third mediator given extensive evidence associating to all the analysed factors.MethodsStructural equation models to assess the modulation of AL by either traumatic or psychosocial stressors and healthy habits were generated with data from 620 mid-life adults (age 51.3 ± 5.48 years). Model 1 included self-reported life stressors, engagement in cognitive and physical activities, resilience and a pyramid score for diet. In Model 2, self-reported sleep quality was included in the mediation analysis between resilience and perceived stress on AL.ResultsDirect effects of sports and diet on AL, and on resilience by sports were found in all the evaluated models. The modulation of AL by both types of stressors was only revealed in model 2, through indirect effects of perceived influence via sleep quality. An effect of sport habits on AL via resilience was found to be mediated by sleep, and equivalent but opposed effects of perceived influence of stressors and resilience on sleep quality emerged as critical factor for AL modulation.ConclusionOur results suggest that sleep plays a pivotal role in the modulation of AL by both life stressors and sport habits, balancing the harmful and protective effects of perceived stress and resilience. The relative weight of one over the other to worsen or improve sleep quality will determine the resulting level of AL.
Case report: A de novo variant of CRMP1 in an individual with a neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Liu Juan , Wang Qi , Chen Jia 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundCRMP1 is a key protein involved in brain development.MethodsWe performed genetic testing through whole-exome sequencing (WES) in an individual with a neurodevelopmental disorder.ResultsWe identified a de novo heterozygous CRMP1 NM_001014809.3:c.1755del (p.Lys586fs) variant in the affected individual. This mutation was submitted to ClinVar (SCV005196589).ConclusionCurrently, the CRMP1 gene has no clear disease phenotype association in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. Our report may provide evidence for an association between the CRMP1 gene and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).
Lactiplantibacillusplantarum HM-P2 influences gestational gut microbiome and microbial metabolism
Authors: Liu Bin , Zhang Zhenzhen , Zhao Junying , Li Xianping , Wang Yaru , Liu Lu , Qiao Weicang , Chen Lijun 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionHuman milk-derived probiotics are beneficial bacteria that provide gestational health benefits, for both pregnant women and their offspring. The study aims to investigate whether the administration of human milk-derived probiotic L. plantarum HM-P2 could effectively influence gestational health.MethodsThe gestational humanized microbiome model was built by fecal microbiome transplant from gestational women into germ-free (GF) mice.ResultsHM-P2 was successfully planted and increased the top crypt depth of the colon, and microbes such as L. reuteri,Anaerofilum sp. An201, and Gemmiger were up-regulated in the HM-P2 group throughout gestation. HM-P2 significantly promoted the contents of intestinal caproic acid, bile acids, and tryptophan catabolites such as serotonin. Gut microbes were associated with these bile acids and tryptophans.DiscussionHM-P2 could modulate the microbial community and microbial metabolites in gestational humanized GF mice. This probiotic strain could be a potential gestational dietary supplement with health benefits.
Positive association between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and gallstones, with greater impact on women: a cross-sectional study of the NHANES database
Authors: Liu Bailiang , Jin Luyuan , Nan Boyuan , Sun Zhongyi , Chen Fengyang , Zhou Yinghui , Sa Qila , Feng Yingnan , Men Ao , Wang Wenxin , Feng Xiaodong , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that inflammation is crucial in gallstone formation. The Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) is a comprehensive measure that reflects inflammation and nutritional condition. However, there are no studies examining the relationship between ALI and gallstones. This study aimed to analyze this association in US adults.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional research design with in-depth analyses using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The association between gallstones and ALI was systematically assessed by logistic regression analysis, subgroup analysis, basic participant characteristics, and smooth curve fits.Results5,646 people participated in the study. ALI was converted into Quartile 1 (−1.47–1.00), Quartile 2 (1.00–1.34), Quartile 3 (1.34–1.69), and Quartile 4 (1.69–4.38). In the fully adjusted model, gallstone prevalence increased by 45% in participants in the highest quartile compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.12–1.87; p = 0.005), and ALI was positively correlated with gallstones (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03–1.45; p = 0.0232). Smooth curve fits provided evidence in favor of this finding. Significant gender differences were found in the relationship between gallstones and ALI by subgroup analysis (OR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.16–1.76; p for interaction = 0.0204).ConclusionThe study concluded that ALI and gallstones had a positive correlation, with ALI having a higher effect on women’s gallstone prevalence.
Diffusion weighted imaging for improving the diagnostic performance of screening breast MRI: impact of apparent diffusion coefficient quantitation methods and cutoffs
Authors: Biswas Debosmita , Hippe Daniel S. , Winter Andrea M. , Li Isabella , Rahbar Habib , Partridge Savannah C. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionDiffusion weighted MRI (DWI) has emerged as a promising adjunct to reduce unnecessary biopsies prompted by breast MRI through use of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different lesion ADC measurement approaches and ADC cutoffs on the diagnostic performance of breast DWI in a high-risk MRI screening cohort to identify the optimal approach for clinical incorporation.MethodsConsecutive screening breast MRI examinations (August 2014–Dec 2018) that prompted a biopsy for a suspicious breast lesion (BI-RADS 4 or 5) were retrospectively evaluated. On DWI, ADC (b=0/100/600/800s/mm2) measures were calculated with three different techniques for defining lesion region-of-interest (ROI; single slice(‘2D’), whole volume(‘3D’) and lowest ADC region(‘hotspot’)). An optimal data-derived ADC cutoff for each technique was retrospectively identified to reduce benign biopsies while avoiding any false negatives, inherently producing cutoffs with 100% sensitivity in this particular cohort. Further, diagnostic performance of these measures was validated using two prespecified ADC cutoffs: 1.53x10-3mm2/s from the ECOG-ACRIN A6702 trial and 1.30x10-3mm2/s from the international EUSOBI group. Diagnostic performance was compared between ADC maps generated with 2(0/800s/mm2) and 4(0/100/600/800s/mm2) b-values. Benign biopsy reduction rate was calculated (number of benign lesions with ADC &gt;cutoff)/(total number of benign lesions).Results137 suspicious lesions (in 121 women, median age 44 years [range, 20-75yrs]) were detected on contrast-enhanced screening breast MRI and recommended for biopsy. Of those, 30(21.9%) were malignant and 107(78.1%) were benign. Hotspot ADC measures were significantly lower (p&lt;0.001) than ADCs from both 2D and 3D ROI techniques. Applying the optimal data-derived ADC cutoffs resulted in comparable reduction in benign biopsies across ROI techniques (range:16.8% -17.8%). Applying the prespecified A6702 and EUSOBI cutoffs resulted in benign biopsy reduction rates of 11.2-19.6%(with 90.0-100% sensitivity) and 36.4-51.4%(with 70.0-83.3% sensitivity), respectively, across ROI techniques. ADC measures and benign biopsy reduction rates were similar when calculated with only 2 b-values (0,800 s/mm2) versus all 4 b-values.DiscussionOur findings demonstrate that with appropriate ADC thresholds, comparable reduction in benign biopsies can be achieved using lesion ADC measurements computed from a variety of approaches. Choice of ADC cutoff depends on ROI approach and preferred performance tradeoffs (biopsy reduction vs sensitivity).
Clinicopathologic and ultrasonographic features of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma and its correlation with microvascular invasion: a predictive role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Authors: Tian HaiYing , Chen Yuling , Zhao LiNa , Liao ChunYan , Li Sha , Zhang Bei 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThis study aims to investigate the clinicopathological and ultrasonography characteristics of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) and its correlation with microvascular invasion (MVI), as well as the predictive value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 57 patients diagnosed with cHCC-CCA between November 2017 and May 2023 at Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital. Among them, 27 patients were MVI-positive and 30 patients were MVI-negative, all of whom underwent preoperative CEUS within 2 weeks. Clinical data, ultrasonographic findings, and CEUS features were compared between the two groups to analyze the influencing factors and predictive value of MVI in cHCC-CCA patients.ResultsCompared to the MVI-negative group, the MVI-positive group showed a higher proportion of tumors with a maximum diameter greater than 5 cm, elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, low echo halo around the tumor, non-smooth tumor contour, peripheral irregular rim-like enhancement and early washout (≤60s) with nodular patterns on CEUS (P&lt;0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low echo halo, peripheral irregular rim-like enhancement, and early washout were independent risk factors for MVI in cHCC-CCA patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8056 for these factors.ConclusionsUltrasonographic and CEUS features have a certain correlation with MVI in cHCC-CCA patients. Low echo halo, peripheral irregular rim-like enhancement, and early washout are independent risk factors for MVI in patients with cHCC-CCA. These features have a predictive value in determining the presence of MVI in patients with cHCC-CCA.
Management of choroidal/ciliary body metastasis in the era of targeted cancer therapy
Authors: Evbuomwan Moses O. , Bhuyan Rupak , Uzomah Uwajachukwumma A. , Jamshidi Farzad , Anderson Carryn , Boldt H. Culver , Binkley Elaine 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionChoroidal metastases from systemic malignancies are the most common intraocular malignancies in adults. External beam radiation (EBR) has historically been first-line therapy for metastatic tumors to the choroid. However, good responses have been described with newer targeted biologics. The optimal management strategy for patients with choroidal metastatic tumors in the era of targeted cancer therapy is not known. We aim to describe management of these tumors in a “real-world” setting using both radiation and systemic therapy.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of patients with choroidal/ciliary body metastases managed by the ocular oncology service at our institution over a five-year period. Demographic data, tumor type, treatment, visual outcomes, and mortality data were recorded.Results26 patients (33 eyes) with choroidal/ciliary body metastasis were identified. Primary malignancies included lung (8) breast (8), renal (3), esophageal (3), carcinoid (2), squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil (1), and testicular cancer (1). Average time from diagnosis of ocular metastasis to death was 8 months (1-34). 20 eyes were treated with EBR and 13 eyes were treated with other modalities. Final logMAR visual acuity for eyes treated with radiation was 0.11 (0-3). Final visual acuity for eyes treated with other modalities was 0.18 (0-.70), with local tumor control in 20/23 eyes that had follow up after treatment. The difference between final visual acuity in these groups was not visually significant p=0.48.ConclusionPatients with choroidal/ciliary body metastasis treated with either EBR or systemic therapy can have good visual outcomes. More work needs to be conducted to determine the optimal first-line treatment of ocular metastasis for specific tumor subtypes.
Effect of icariin on ovarian cancer: a combined network pharmacology and meta-analysis of in vitro studies approach
Authors: Cao Shang-Mei , Chen Bo-Lin , Zou Zhen-Zhen , Yang Shao-Zhe , Fu Xiu-Hong 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAn abundance of experimental evidence indicates that icariin (ICA) could potentially exert an anti-tumor effect on ovarian cancer (OC). Nevertheless, the reliability of this evidence remains ambiguous. This study aimed to explore the impact of ICA on OC and the underlying mechanisms.MethodsBioinformatics analysis was employed to pinpoint ICA-targeted genes and signaling pathways implicated in OC, utilizing network pharmacology. Subsequently, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from 2001 through June 2023 for in vitro trials evaluating the anti-tumor efficacy of conventional ICA versus placebo in OC. The pathways and genes identified in the literature were recorded, and the therapeutic targets were statistically analyzed and compared with the predicted targets from network pharmacology to confirm the precision of the targets.Results and DiscussionFourteen target genes were validated with success. The pathways corresponding to the remaining genes—excluding these 14—were analyzed and found to be primarily associated with cell apoptosis, anti-tumor, and other related pathways. Out of the 76 studies retrieved, eight fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The subsequent meta-analysis suggested that ICA treatment was significantly correlated with reduced cell growth and induced apoptosis. This study demonstrated a certain efficacy of ICA compared to placebo in enhancing anti-tumor outcomes, characterized by increased abilities in reducing cell growth and inducing apoptosis. The pathways involved in the therapeutic effect may be linked to cell apoptosis and anti-tumor mechanisms.