bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Más allá de la tierra: el espacio en la obra de Karlheinz Stockhausen
Authors: Martínez Álvarez Juan Diego 
Published: September 2021

Este artículo analiza la importancia del espacio escénico en la obra del compositor Karlheinz Stockhausen (1928-2007), bien sea en su uso tradicional como lugar de exhibición y como elemento compositivo y herramienta para incentivar experiencia estéticas en sus espectadores. Desde esta optica se analizan obras emblemáticas, como Gesang der Jünglinge (1956) y Der Kleine Harlekin (1987) y otras en las que el espacio se usó de forma más innovadora como Musik für die Beethovenhalle (1989), una selección de obras mostrada en forma simultánea en esta sala de conciertos, donde el espacio fue segmentado como si se tratara de un museo de arte. Finalmente su ópera Licht, Die Sieben tage der Woche específicamente en la tercera sección Helikopter–Streichquartett (1993) pieza en la que por primera vez se usó el aire como espacio para la interpretación musical, con la ayuda de helicópteros.
On Aspect, Biaspectuality, and Tenses in the History of Polish
Authors: Pátrovics Péter 
Published: September 2021

By common consent, one of the most characteristic categories of the Polish verb is aspect. There can be little doubt that the origin of the aspect category may lie in Proto-Slavic or much further back in the Proto-Indo- European language. It is a moot point whether the aspect was already a strong category in Proto-Slavic. Nonetheless, it is beyond dispute that the consequences of its emergence were far-reaching and took a relatively long time to clarify in the daughter languages. The various categories such as aspect, biaspectuality, and tense providing the main themes of the present paper were closely related and did interact, however, the essential effects of their interaction can only be identified by scrutiny. In Old Church Slavonic, a certain degree of competition between the category of aspect and that of tense can already be observed, and this is also evident in Old Polish, in which tenses like the aorist and the imperfect were slowly falling into disuse. Their occurrence is quite rare even in the earliest Polish written records. In due course, the perfect tense gained ground and the pluperfect became almost completely obsolete. In Modern Polish, the latter only serves to archaize literary texts. In the further stages of development, the aspectual opposition also extended to the future tenses thereby affecting the entire Polish tense system. Also, in the aspect-tense system of the Modern Polish language, the tendency of the category of aspect to prevail over the category of tense together with the gradual decline in the number of biaspectual verbs, still common in the 16th century, seems to be quite clear. Most of the originally biaspectual initial verbs were later perfectivized by means of prefixes. Thus, the simple verbal bases and their perfectivized derivatives could establish an aspectual partnership. In the case of verbs with foreign roots, the prefix z-/ s- played a pivotal role in perfectivation, while other prefixes such as za- and po- had a less important role. The process of perfectivation in Polish was so extensive that only few biaspectual verbs remained free of the opposition of aspect as reminders of the fact that the development of this category is still an ongoing process. This is also shown by the more recent biaspectual verbs with borrowed roots for which it can be anticipated that they will form their perfective counterparts soon. The paper concludes that the amount of verbs with an aspectually uncertain status is likely to be a reliable indicator of the development of the aspect category for the earlier periods in the history of the Polish language. An important role in this may play the diachronic corpus-based investigation, which, though for a long time considered a stepchild of Slavic aspectual research, may still help to clarify a number of issues related to the category of aspect.
The expanded interactional model of exercise addiction
Authors: Dinardi Jacob S. , Egorov Alexei Y. , Szabo Attila 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and aims
Cited in over 100 articles, the interactional model of exercise addiction (Egorov & Szabo, 2013) forms the theoretical foundation of many studies on the risk of exercise addiction. Still, the inclusion of previously omitted determinants could make it more useful. Therefore, this review presents the expanded version of the original model.

Method
We added ‘self-concept’ as another determinant in the ‘personal factors’ domain and ‘attractive alternatives’ to the ‘situational factors’ domain. Further, we doubled the reasons for exercise in the ‘incentives for exercise domain.’ Last, we added a new domain, the ‘exercise-related stressors,’ to illustrate that exercise itself might be a source of stress.

Results
The expanded model is more inclusive and accounts for a greater combination of interactions playing roles in exercise addiction. Overlooking the eventuality that stress resulting from exercise might also fuel the dysfunction was a significant omission from the original model, rectified in the current update. Finally, the new expansions make the model more applicable to competitive situations too

Conclusion
The expanded interactional model of exercise addiction is more comprehensive than its original version. It also accounts for the exercise or sport-related stress as possible fuel in addictive exercise behavior.
New possibilities for testing direct arterial liver perfusion after liver transplantation
Authors: Moiseenko A. V. , Polikarpov A. A. , Tarazov P. G. , Kozlov A. V. , Tileubergenov I. I. , Granov D. A. 
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was to show new promising possibilities of direct perfusion test for the transplanted liver.Materials and methods. We have performed 246 liver transplantations (1998–2020). Since 2015 arterial complications were detected in 24 (23%) patients after 105 transplantations complicated by liver hypoperfusion: splenic artery steal syndrome (n = 8), hepatic artery thrombosis (n = 7), combination of hepatic artery stenosis and steal syndrome (n = 6), hepatic artery stenosis (n = 3). Endovascular interventions were performed in these cases for revascularization. Direct perfusion test was performed in 8 patients.Results. The liver perfusion index increased from 0.27 (0.13–0.45) to 0.62 (0.33–0.89) after endovascular procedures. Sufficient perfusion was ≥0.65.Conclusion. Direct liver perfusion test makes possible to identify and objectify graft blood supply, timely and adequate correction, and reduces the risk of developing biliary ischemic complications.
Interventional radiology in rendezvous technique for choledocholitiasis in elderly patients
Authors: Okhotnikov O. I. , Lutsenko V. D. , Yakovleva M. V. , Gorbacheva O. S. , Grigoriev S. N , Okhotnikov O. O. 
Published: September 2021

Aim. Define the safety and effectiveness of rendezvous technique for choledocholithiasis.Material and methods. We performed a retrospective and prospective analysis of the results in percutaneous transhepatic access to the bile ducts and endoscopic intervention in the rendezvous technique for choledocholithiasis in 100 elderly patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups for 50 people. The implementation of the rendezvous began from the antegrade stage in patients from group I; in patients of group II – from the retrograde stage. Postmanipulation complications and failures were When analyzed. The control point of the study is the identification of complications associated with manipulation from the next stages of the rendezvous technique.Results. We revealed a direct dependence of the results in sequence of rendezvous technique for elderly patients with choledocholithiasis and obstructive jaundice. This fact allows recommending percutaneous transhepatic access before endoscopic intervention for these patients with statistical significance. The frequency of complications and failures in patients of group I was 18%, in group II – 52%. This allows for such patients percutaneous transhepatic access before endoscopic intervention in the rendezvous technique. The frequency of complications and failures in patients of group I was 18%, in group II – 52%.Conclusion. Dilatation of intrahepatic segmental and subsegmental 2 and 3 biliary ducts with moderate and severe obstructive jaundice is a predictor of complications with ineffective endoscopic approach. In such situations, preventive antegrade drainage of the biliary tract with rendezvous technique makes possible to prevent cholangitis, effectively eliminate biliary hypertension, clarify the severity of stenosis of the papilla with antegrade balloon revision, and also secure delayed endoscopic resolution of biliary pathology.
Technical aspects of minimally invasive percutaneous approach for local complications of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Novikov S. V. , Rogal M. L. , Yartsev R. A. , Teterin Yu. S. 
Published: September 2021

Aim. To improve the results of treatment for patients with acute pancreatitis by optimizing the technique of performing percutaneous methods of drainage and sequestrectomy.Material and methods. We have considered experience of treating pancreatic necrosis in 257 patients, confirmed by computed tomography, intraoperatively, and postmortem examinations. Moderate severity pancreatitis was detected in 159 (61.9%) patients, severe – in 98 (38.1%) cases.Results. Small focal pancreatic necrosis was detected in 99 (62.3%) patients with moderate pancreatitis, large focal pancreatitis – in 60 (37.7%). Small-focal pancreatic necrosis was in 23 (23.5%) patients, large-focal – in 43 (43.9%), subtotal – in 29 (29.6%), total – in 3 (3.1%) among patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Percutaneous approach was used in combination with transluminal and open surgery in 59 (23%) patients. Infected necrosis was detected in 6 (3.8%) patients with acute moderate pancreatitis and in 44 (44.9%) patients with severe pancreatitis, sepsis – in 12 (12.2%) patients. 27 (10.5%) patient have died from septic shock in the first phase of pancreatitis, included 14 (5.4%) cases after surgery. Overall 41 (16%) patients with pancreatic necrosis have died.Conclusion. Compliance of stages in surgical treatment technology allows optimally combine it with transluminal sequestrectomy, reduces surgical trauma, eliminates additional risks of open approach associated with complications and deaths.
Imaging the Ice Sheet and Uppermost Crustal Structures with a Dense Linear Seismic Array in the Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica
Authors: Fu Lei , Guo Jingxue , Li Junlun , Deng Bao , Liu Guofeng , Xiao Enzhao , Chen Xiaofei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Comprehensive geophysical surveys including magnetotelluric, seismic, and aerial gravity–magnetic surveys are essential for understanding the history of Antarctic tectonics. The ice sheet and uppermost structure derived from those geophysical methods are relatively low resolution. Although ice-penetrating radar can provide high-resolution reflectivity images of the ice sheet, it cannot provide constraints on subice physical properties, which are important for geological understanding of the Antarctic continent. To obtain high-resolution images of the ice sheet and uppermost crustal structure beneath the Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, we conduct an ambient noise seismic experiment with 100 short-period seismometers spaced at 0.2 km intervals. Continuous seismic waveforms are recorded for one month at a 2 ms sampling rate. Empirical Green’s functions are extracted by cross correlating the seismic waveform of one station with that of another station, and dispersion curves are extracted using a new phase-shift method. A high-resolution shear-velocity model is derived by inverting the dispersion curves. Furthermore, body waves are enhanced using a set of processing techniques commonly used in seismic exploration. The stacked body-wave image clearly shows a geological structure similar to that revealed by the shear-wave velocity model. This study, which is the first of its kind in Antarctica, possibly reveals a near-vertical intrusive rock covered by an ice sheet with a horizontal extent of 4 km. Our results help to improve the understanding of the subice environment and geological evolution in the Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica.
Magnitude Estimation for Earthquake Early Warning with Multiple Parameter Inputs and a Support Vector Machine
Authors: Zhu Jingbao , Li Shanyou , Song Jindong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAccurately estimating the magnitude within the initial seconds after the P-wave arrival is of great significance in earthquake early warning (EEW). Over the past few decades, single-parameter approaches such as the τc and Pd methods have been applied to EEW magnitude estimation studies considering the first 3 s after the P-wave onset. However, these methods present considerable scatter and are affected by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and epicentral distance. In this study, using Japanese K-NET strong-motion data, we propose a machine-learning method comprising multiple parameter inputs, namely, the support vector machine magnitude estimation (SVM-M) model, to determine earthquake magnitudes and resolve the aforementioned problems. Our results using a single seismological station record show that the standard deviation of the magnitude prediction errors of the SVM-M model is 0.297, which is less than those of the τc (1.637) and Pd (0.425) methods. The magnitudes estimated by the SVM-M model within 3 s after the P-wave arrival are not obviously affected by the SNR or epicentral distance, and not overestimated for MJMA≤5. In addition, in an offline EEW application, the magnitude estimation error of the SVM-M model gradually decreases with increasing time after the first station is triggered, and the underestimation of event magnitudes for 6.5≤MJMA gradually improves. These results demonstrate that the proposed SVM-M model can robustly estimate earthquake magnitudes and has potential for EEW.
The 6 May 1947 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Earthquake
Authors: Hough Susan E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe State of Wisconsin is not known for earthquake activity. The authoritative public-facing U.S. Geological Survey Comprehensive Catalog of earthquakes includes only three small (magnitude &lt; 2) earthquakes in the state, all instrumentally recorded. Although other catalogs include more events in Wisconsin, experience has shown that many types of events, such as explosions and cryoseisms, have made their way into earthquake catalogs in this region. In this short report, I summarize available information about an earthquake that was felt in eastern Wisconsin at 15:27 local time on 6 May 1947. As what appears to be the largest historical earthquake in the State of Wisconsin, it is of public interest, its modest size notwithstanding. It appears that no useful instrumental records exist, due in part to a teleseismic event that occurred approximately 3 min later, generating surface waves that were recorded on early long-period instruments in the region. Instrumental data may exist for this event but have not been found. Comparing the felt area with information from recent earthquakes in the region, I estimate an intensity magnitude of 3.8 for the event, with a subjectively estimated uncertainty range 3.5–4.1. Relatively strong effects, including reports of broken dishes in Milwaukee, and shaking described as short but especially sharp, suggest that the event may have been among the sprinkling of shallow earthquakes now known to occur in the upper Great Lakes region.
Structure of a fault segment boundary in the Lost River fault zone, Idaho, and possible effect on the 1983 Borah Peak earthquake rupture
Authors: Susong David D. , Janecke Susanne U. , Bruhn Ronald L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The 1983 Borah Peak earthquake (Ms 7.3) initiated within the southern part of the Thousand Springs segment in the Lost River fault zone, east-central Idaho. The earthquake rupture propagated unilaterally to the northwest over a distance of 36 km and was accompanied by sinistral-normal slip within the fault zone. At the surface, the southern-most part of the rupture zone is marked by a bend in the Lost River fault zone at the intersection between the Thousand Springs segment to the north and the Mackay segment of the fault zone to the southeast. The intersection between the two fault segments is a lens-shaped area that contains numerous NW- and NE-striking faults that cut the Paleozoic bedrock. Several of the faults within the intersection zone ruptured at the surface during the 1983 earthquake.
A three-dimensional geometrical model of the intersection zone between the Thousand Springs and Mackay fault segments was constructed from geological mapping in conjunction with previously published interpretations of geodetic and seismological data. The longitudinal axis of the intersection zone plunges to the southwest, where its projected position in the subsurface roughly coincides with the location of the 1983 earthquake's hypocenter at a depth of 15 to 16 km. The intersection zone between the two fault segments may have played a dual role during the Borah Peak earthquake, both marking the site of rupture nucleation, but also acting to arrest spread of the rupture to the southeast onto the adjacent Mackay segment.
Polarization and coherence of 5 to 30 Hz seismic wave fields at a hard-rock site and their relevance to velocity heterogeneities in the crust
Authors: Menke William , Lerner-Lam Arthur L. , Dubendorff Bruce , Pacheco Javier 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Except for its very onset, the P wave of earthquakes and chemical explosions observed at two narrow-aperture arrays on hard-rock sites in the Adirondack Mountains have a nearly random polarization. The amount of energy on the vertical, radial, and transverse components is about equal over the frequency range 5 to 30 Hz, for the entire seismogram. The spatial coherence of the seismograms is approximately exp(−cfΔx), where c is in the range 0.4 to 0.7 km−1Hz−1, f is frequency and Δx is the distance between array elements. Vertical, radial, and transverse components were quite coherent over the aperture of the array, indicating that the transverse motion of the compressional wave is a property of relatively large (106 m3) volumes of rock, and not just an anomaly caused by a malfunctioning instrument, poor instrument-rock coupling, or out-crop-scale effects. The spatial coherence is approximately independent of component, epicentral azimuth and range, and whether P- or S-wave coda is being considered, at least for propagation distances between 5 and 170 km. These results imply a strongly and three-dimensionally heterogeneous crust, with near-receiver scattering in the uppermost crust controlling the coherence properties of the waves.
Rupture process of the 1987 Superstition Hills earthquake from the inversion of strong-motion data
Authors: Wald David J. , Helmberger Donald V. , Hartzell Stephen H. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A pair of significant earthquakes occurred on conjugate faults in the western Imperial Valley involving the through-going Superstition Hills fault and the Elmore Ranch cross fault. The first event was located on the Elmore Ranch fault, Ms = 6.2, and the larger event on the Superstition Hills fault, Ms = 6.6. The latter event is seen as a doublet teleseismically with the amplitudes in the ratio of 1:2 and delayed by about 8 sec. This 8-sec delay is also seen in about a dozen strong-motion records. These strong-motion records are used in a constrained least-squares inversion scheme to determine the distribution of slip on a 2-D fault. Upon closer examination, the first of the doublets was found to be itself complex requiring two episodes of slip. Thus, the rupture model was allowed to have three separate subevents, treated as separate ruptures, with independent locations and start times. The best fits were obtained when all three events initiated at the northwestern end of the fault near the intersection of the cross-fault. Their respective delays are 2.1 and 8.6 sec relative to the first subevent, and their moments are 0.4, 0.9, and 3.5 × 1025 dyne-cm, which is about half of that seen teleseismically. This slip distribution suggests multi-rupturing of a single asperity with stress drops of 60, 200, and 15 bars, respectively. The first two subevents were confined to a small area around the epicenter while the third propagated 18 km southwestward, compatible with the teleseismic and afterslip observations.
Seismic site effects and the spatial interpolation of earthquake seismograms: Results using aftershocks of the 1986 North Palm Springs, California, earthquake
Authors: Spudich Paul , Miller David P. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We address the following two questions. Can a microearthquake's ground motions be modeled by incident P and S waves that excite a site transfer-function that is a smooth function of incidence angle? Given recorded ground motions from a set of earthquakes having known locations and mechanisms, can we derive such a site transfer-function and use it to obtain the ground motions that would result from an earthquake source occurring somewhere in the same volume but having a location and mechanism that are different from the recorded events? Although many factors will cause two distinct microearthquake sources to have different seismograms at a common station, in this paper we concentrate only upon the differences caused by source mechanisms, P- and S-wave travel-time variations and by variations in the site transfer-function. We specifically exclude the effects of waves scattered from heterogeneities in the geologic structure away from the seismic site. We express the site transfer-function as a sum of several terms having simple dependences upon incidence angle and azimuth. Each term is an independent function of time. Given a set of seismograms observed at the site, we solve a linear system of equations for the time dependences of each term. These time series may be used to calculate the seismograms that would have resulted from an earthquake having arbitrary mechanism and location. This step is an interpolation. We have applied this technique to seismograms after aftershocks of the 1986 North Palm Springs earthquake. Our interpolation technique works fairly well within the volume occupied by the recorded events, but the method is not very successful at providing accurate seismograms for sources located outside the aftershock volume. The primary causes of the inaccuracy are the inadequacy of our chosen angular functions to model the site response fully and the likely scattering of seismic waves by geological heterogeneities (in this case, the Banning and Mission Creek faults) near the seismic stations. Our methods could be used to determine the effects of single scattering from lateral heterogeneities in geologic structure.