bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inspection of 19 globular cluster candidates in the Galactic bulge with the VVV survey
Authors: Garro E. R. , Minniti D. , Gómez M. , Alonso-García J. , Ripepi V. , Fernández-Trincado J. G. , Vivanco Cádiz F. 
Published: November 2021

Context. The census of the globular clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way is still a work in progress. The advent of new deep surveys has made it possible to discover many new star clusters both in the Galactic disk and bulge, but many of these new candidates have not yet been studied in detail, leaving a veil on their true physical nature.
Aims. We explore the nature of 19 new GC candidates in the Galactic bulge by analysing their colour–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) in the near-infrared (NIR) using the VISTA Variables in the Via Láctea Survey (VVV) database. We estimate their main astrophysical parameters: reddening and extinction, distance, total luminosity, mean cluster proper motions (PMs), metallicity, and age.
Methods. We obtain the cluster catalogues including the likely cluster members by applying a decontamination procedure on the observed CMDs based on the vector PM diagrams from VIRAC2. We adopt NIR reddening maps in order to calculate the reddening and extinction for each cluster, and then estimate the distance moduli and heliocentric distances. Metallicities and ages are evaluated by fitting theoretical stellar isochrones. We also calculate their luminosities in comparison with known Galactic GCs.
Results. We estimate a wide reddening range of 0.25 ⩽ E(J − Ks)⩽2.0 mag and extinction 0.11 ⩽ AKs ⩽ 0.86 mag for the sample clusters, as expected in the bulge regions. The range of heliocentric distances is 6.8 ⩽ D ⩽ 11.4 kpc. This allows us to place these clusters between 0.56 and 3.25 kpc from the Galactic centre, assuming R⊙ = 8.2 kpc. Also, their PMs are kinematically similar to the typical motion of the Galactic bulge, apart from VVV-CL160, which shows different PMs. We also derive their metallicities and ages, finding −1.40⩽ [Fe/H] ⩽ 0.0 dex and t ≈ 8 − 13 Gyr respectively. The luminosities are calculated both in Ks- and V-bands, recovering −3.4 ⩽ MV ⩽ −7.5. We also examine the possible RR Lyrae members found in the cluster fields.
Conclusions. Based on their positions, kinematics, metallicities, and ages, and comparing our results with the literature, we conclude that nine candidates are real GCs, seven need more observations to be fully confirmed as GCs, and three candidates are discarded as GCs and appear to be younger open clusters.
Full-Endoscopic Trans-Kambin Triangle Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Surgical Technique and Nomenclature
Authors: Ishihama Yoshihiro , Morimoto Masatoshi , Tezuka Fumitake , Yamashita Kazuta , Manabe Hiroaki , Sugiura Kosuke , Takeuchi Makoto , Takata Yoichiro , Sakai Toshinori , Maeda Toru , Nagamachi Akihiro , Sairyo Koichi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Full-endoscopic lumbar surgery is used for decompression of lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Now, a cage can be inserted through Kambin's triangle for lumbar interbody fusion (LIF). We have been performing full-endoscopic trans-Kambin triangle LIF (KLIF) at our institution since 2018. In this article, we describe this technique and present our results.
Methods We performed full-endoscopic one-level KLIF in 10 patients. The procedure is as follows. First, percutaneous pedicle screws are inserted. Listhesis is reduced if necessary. The endoscope is inserted in Kambin's triangle. Next, the superior articular process is partially removed, enlarging Kambin's triangle to allow safe insertion of the cage. A cannula is inserted into the disk to avoid damaging the exiting nerve. The disk material is shaved and curetted. Finally, the harvested bone is packed in a cage and inserted into the disk space. We analyze the complications, visual analog scores (VAS), and MacNab's criteria.
Results One patient had an irritation in the exiting nerve at L4–L5. The VAS for back pain and leg pain decreased from 69 to 9 and from 60 to 9, respectively. The clinical outcome was considered excellent in eight and good in two patients.
Conclusions Kambin's triangle lies immediately behind the psoas major. Therefore, we consider KLIF as a lateral LIF procedure comparable with oblique or extreme LIF. However, unlike oblique or extreme LIF, there are no major vessels and organs in the surgical field; therefore, KLIF is the safest type of lateral LIF. Furthermore, using the endoscope, we can perform decompression directly using the facetectomy technique.
Hematolymphoid Neoplasms in Serous Effusions: Morphological Spectrum, Distribution, and Role of Ancillary Techniques—A Retrospective Analysis of 75 cases
Authors: Sukumaran Renu , Nayak Nileena , Nair Rekha A. , Kattoor Jayasree , Jacob Priya Mary , Narayanan Geetha , Thankamony Priyakumari 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction Involvement of body fluids can occur at the time of diagnosis or during the disease course of hematolymphoid neoplasms. Cytodiagnosis of malignant effusion is important in effective clinical management.
Objectives (1) The aims of the study were to determine the frequency of distribution of various hematolymphoid neoplasms involving body fluids, (2) to study the morphology of hematolymphoid neoplasms in fluids, and (3) to assess the role of ancillary techniques in the diagnosis.
Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, all cases of hematolymphoid neoplasms involving body fluids diagnosed from January 2016 to December 2018 were evaluated.
Results During the 3-year period, there were 75 cases of hematological malignancies involving body fluids. These included 48 male patients and 27 female patients. Pleural fluid was involved in majority of cases (56 cases; 74.67%), followed by ascitic fluid (17 cases; 22.67%), and pericardial fluid (2 cases; 2.67%). High cellularity, monotonous population of cells, high nuclear-cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, indentation/irregularity of nuclear membrane, immature chromatin/irregular clumping of chromatin, increased mitosis, and karyorrhexis were the key features which helped to differentiate between reactive and neoplastic processes. There were 35 cases of B-cell neoplasms, 33 cases of T-cell neoplasms, and seven cases of myeloid neoplasms involving body cavity fluids. T-lymphoblastic lymphoma was the most common subtype (29 cases; 38.7%), followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (12 cases; 16%). In 53 cases, effusion was present in the initial presentation itself. Initial diagnosis was made in effusion cytology in 25 cases (33.33% of the total), with the help of flow cytometry in 20 cases, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in cell blocks in five cases.
Conclusion Diagnosis of hematolymphoid neoplasms in body fluids based on correlation with clinical details, critical evaluation of cytology findings, and comparison with previous diagnosis along with the judicious use of ancillary techniques helps in deciding an early treatment plan.
Hemolytic Anemia and Hypoxic Brain Injury following Mothball Ingestion in a G6PD Nondeficient Infant: A Case Report
Authors: Nongrum Saahil Manna L. , Chandel Anuragsingh B. , Varma Ravi , Jategaonkar Smita , Jain Manish 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMothballs are a common household item used as repellents and deodorizers. They are potential hazards and rare agents of poisoning in children. They are composed mainly of naphthalene, camphor, and 1, 4-dichlorobenzene in varying amounts depending on the manufacturers. It is essential to rule out poisoning by naphthalene in children presenting with hemolysis by eliciting a proper history. Since mothballs are readily available at home, children are drawn to it because of its attractive color and its consumption is a likely possibility. This is a case of ingestional naphthalene poisoning in a 1-year-old glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase nondeficient male child who presented with altered sensorium and hemolytic anemia. The child developed methemoglobinemia and sustained hypoxic brain injury. He was successfully managed by oral ascorbic acid, blood transfusion, and requisite supportive treatments. We report a case of naphthalene toxicity with hemolytic anemia and hypoxic brain damage to highlight the possibility of naphthalene poisoning in young children presenting with hemolytic anemia.
Occurrence of Dengue Virus Infection with Multiple Serotypes in Central Karnataka, India
Authors: Shivaswamy VinodKumar C. , Shivanagowda Prasad B. , Kenchappa Kalappanavar N. , Lakshminarayan Jayasimha V. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective To find the incidence of concurrent infection of dengue and correlate the difference in clinical features, laboratory diagnoses, and outcomes between dengue and dengue-like illnesses.
Methodology A total of 2,256 patients with suspected dengue fever during the period of July 2014 to June 2020 as per the WHO case definition for dengue fever were enrolled in the study. All patients admitted with a suspected dengue fever were studied in detail in terms of demographic features, clinical features, and laboratory profiles. Two blood samples were collected from each patient with a history of fever for 5 to 7 days. Investigation consisted of CBC, Widal test, malarial card test, Weil Felix test, Scrub typhus test, chikungunya, dengue parameters such as dengue NS1, IgM, and IgG, and real-time PCR for dengue serotypes were performed for each sample.
Results A total of 1,412 males (62.6%) and 844 females (37.4%) of age 2 to 44 years were hospitalized. Out of 2,256 clinically suspected dengue cases, 1,306 cases were positive and 950 were negative by RT-PCR test. Fever was the most common clinical features among the RT-PCR-positive cases, followed by retroorbital pain (85.9%), flushing in 77.5%, and rashes in 84.8% of patients. ARDS was seen in 9.7% and splenomegaly in 27.5% patients. A platelet count of less than 100,000 was observed in 1,838 (81.5%) patients, and a platelet count of less than 20,000 was observed in 147 (6.5%) patients.Of 2,256 samples, 1,306 (57.9%) tested positive for dengue viral RNA by RT-PCR. Also, 798 cases were infected with a single DENV serotype, and 608 had a concurrent infection. Of the 798 single DENV serotype infection cases, 392 (54.2%) were typed as DENV-2 and 218 (29.2%) as DENV-3. Coinfection with serotypes DENV-2 and DENV-3 was found to account for 67.8% of all concurrent infections.
Conclusion The study showed that dengue fever with concurrent infection with multiple serotypes is on the rise, and an occurrence of recombination may lead to the emergence of more virulent strains showing varied clinical presentations.
High-Q plasmonic nanowire-on-mirror resonators by atomically smooth single-crystalline silver flakes
Authors: Schörner Christian , Lippitz Markus 
Published: November 2021

Plasmonic nanoparticles in close vicinity to a metal surface confine light to nanoscale volumes within the insulating gap. With gap sizes in the range of a few nanometers or below, atomic-scale dynamical phenomena within the nanogap come into reach. However, at these tiny scales, an ultra-smooth material is a crucial requirement. Here, we demonstrate large-scale (50 μm) single-crystalline silver flakes with a truly atomically smooth surface, which are an ideal platform for vertically assembled silver plasmonic nanoresonators. We investigate crystalline silver nanowires in a sub-2 nm separation to the silver surface and observe narrow plasmonic resonances with a quality factor Q of about 20. We propose a concept toward the observation of the spectral diffusion of the lowest-frequency cavity plasmon resonance and present first measurements. Our study demonstrates the benefit of using purely crystalline silver for plasmonic nanoparticle-on-mirror resonators and further paves the way toward the observation of dynamic phenomena within a nanoscale gap.
Traditional soybean (
Authors: Zhang Zhong-Hua , Palta Jairo A. , Lu Ping , Ren Ming-Jian , Zhu Xing-Tao , He Jin 
Published: November 2021

Traditional soybean (Glycine max L.) breeding has improved seed yield in high-input agricultural systems, under high nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) supply. The seed yield improvements under non-P supply and the seed protein and mineral content dilution by yield improvement were evaluated in 18 soybean cultivars released from 1995 to 2016 in south-east China. Soybean varieties were grown under rainfed conditions in the field under 0 and 35 kg P ha−1 in four sites: Dafang and Shiqian in the growing season of 2017 and Dafang and Puding in the 2018 season. The seed yield, seed protein content and nine seed nutrition concentration were examined. Soybean seed yield increased with the year of release at rates of 5.5–6.7 g m−2 year−1 under 35 kg P ha−1 and 3.9–4.8 g m−2 year−1 under non-P supply in the four experiments. The increase resulted from increases in the number of filled-pods and total seed number rather than from single seed weight and number of seeds per pod. Seed protein content and seed nutrition concentration has not changed with the year of release under 0 and 35 kg P ha−1. Grain yield was positively correlated with the seed Fe concentration. The cultivar superiority of seed yield, seed P, Zn and Ca concentration was negatively correlated with their static stability coefficient. Traditional soybean breeding increased yield under both P and non-P supply, without affecting seed protein content and mineral concentrations. A trade-off between high seed yield and seed P, Zn and Ca concentration and their stability under different environments was shown.
Pregnancy and weaning regulate human maternal liver size and function
Authors: Q. Bartlett Alexandra , Vesco Kimberly K. , Purnell Jonathan Q. , Francisco Melanie , Goddard Erica , Guan Xiangnan , DeBarber Andrea , Leo Michael C. , Baetscher Eric , Rooney William , Naugler Willscott , Guimaraes Alexander R. , Catalano Patrick , Xia Zheng , Schedin Pepper 
Published: November 2021

SignificanceThese human data are consistent with reproductive control of liver size and function in women and concur with recent observations in rodents, suggesting a conserved liver biology. The question of whether this described liver biology has implications for maternal health during pregnancy or sex-specific risk for liver disease remains to be determined. However, our evidence suggestive of weaning-induced liver involution in women may lead to improved understanding of the high rates of liver metastasis observed in young postpartum breast cancer patients.
Correlated diffusion in lipid bilayers
Authors: Schoch Rafael L. , Brown Frank L. H. , Haran Gilad 
Published: November 2021

SignificanceDynamic processes on membrane surfaces are essential for biological function. Traditionally, quantitative measurements of lipid/protein motion have been interpreted in the framework of membrane hydrodynamics. However, some recent single-molecule tracking studies have proven difficult to interpret via hydrodynamic arguments. Does this suggest a failure of hydrodynamic theory or simply highlight the dangers in attempting to extend hydrodynamic arguments down to molecular scales? Intermolecular correlations are superior to single-molecule observations for studying hydrodynamics due to the longer length scales involved. The current work reports dynamic pair correlations of lipids in model membranes. Submicron distance-dependent correlations are well resolved, and complementary numerical calculations indicate that hydrodynamic theory can predict membrane dynamics over distances of tens of nanometers and longer.
Phonological features that predict accentedness, comprehensibility, and perceived teaching suitability in Arizona K-12
teachers
Authors: Moran Meghan Kerry 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Motivated by a proposed administrative practice that would have discriminated against non-native English speaking
(NNES) teachers, this study described an extensive phonological analysis on speech samples from ten certified Arizona teachers to
investigate linguistic features that differentiate native English speaking (NES) teachers from NNES teachers. In addition,
educational stakeholders (n = 141) impressionistically evaluated the speech samples for comprehensibility,
accentedness, and perceived teaching suitability. Phonological features were used to predict listeners’ ratings on these three
constructs. Multiple phonological features were found to predict comprehensibility, accentedness, and perceived teaching
suitability, but each construct was predicted by a unique set of features. Lastly, stakeholders’ evaluations of NES and NNES
teachers were analyzed. Despite individual variability in many of the features of NNES and NES teachers’ speech, educational
stakeholders rated NNES teachers as more accented, less comprehensible, and less suited to teach.
Spatializing kinship
Authors: Ward Shannon M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper explores children’s language socialization into kin-based peer relationships in Amdo, Tibet. I examine spontaneous interactions in one extended family to show how children link place and kinship using spatial deixis, the grammatical system that encodes context-dependent reference to location, in Amdo Tibetan. I analyze uses of spatial deixis in two interactive routines: (1) peer-group play, and (2) children’s scaffolding of infants’ roles in multiparty participation frameworks. I argue that children use their emerging deictic repertoires to ‘spatialize kinship,’ mapping kinship relations onto the immediate spaces of co-present interactions as well as the enduring places of the village’s geography. Previous studies have noted that culturally specific forms of relationality influence adults’ uses of deixis by shaping the pragmatics of interactive settings. Building on these insights, the data from Amdo demonstrate the need to consider cultural associations between place and kinship when examining the acquisition of deixis in early childhood.
Domestic Constitutional Oversight and International Courts
Authors: Powell Emilia Justyna , Rothkopf Ilana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDoes a domestic constitutional court within a state encourage greater acceptance of the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)? This question is particularly relevant in Islamic law states (ILS). One might expect that ILS, which embrace the rule of law domestically, might do so internationally. However, this expectation paints an overly simplistic picture of the constitutional court’s role and its relationship with domestic and international politics. Employing original data on constitutional references to constitutional courts (1946–2012), we show that in the context of ILS, acceptance of the ICJ’s jurisdiction is conditional on an independent constitutional court.
A note on the high-dimensional sparse Fourier transform in the continuous setting*
Authors: Chen Liang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we theoretically propose a new hashing scheme to establish the sparse Fourier transform in high-dimensional space. The estimation of the algorithm complexity shows that this sparse Fourier transform can overcome the curse of dimensionality. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first polynomial-time algorithm to recover the high-dimensional continuous frequencies.
Joint estimation of Robin coefficient and domain boundary for the Poisson problem
Authors: Nicholson Ruanui , Niskanen Matti 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We consider the problem of simultaneously inferring the heterogeneous coefficient field for a Robin boundary condition on an inaccessible part of the boundary along with the shape of the boundary for the Poisson problem. Such a problem arises in, for example, corrosion detection, and thermal parameter estimation. We carry out both linearised uncertainty quantification, based on a local Gaussian approximation, and full exploration of the joint posterior using Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. By exploiting a known invariance property of the Poisson problem, we are able to circumvent the need to re-mesh as the shape of the boundary changes. The linearised uncertainty analysis presented here relies on a local linearisation of the parameter-to-observable map, with respect to both the Robin coefficient and the boundary shape, evaluated at the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates. Computation of the MAP estimate is carried out using the Gauss–Newton method. On the other hand, to explore the full joint posterior we use the Metropolis-adjusted Langevin algorithm, which requires the gradient of the log-posterior. We thus derive both the Fréchet derivative of the solution to the Poisson problem with respect to the Robin coefficient and the boundary shape, and the gradient of the log-posterior, which is efficiently computed using the so-called adjoint approach. The performance of the approach is demonstrated via several numerical experiments with simulated data.
Data analysis procedures for time-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at a SASE free-electron-laser
Authors: Mayer Dennis , Lever Fabiano , Gühr Markus 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The random nature of self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) is a well-known challenge for x-ray core level spectroscopy at SASE free-electron lasers (FELs). Especially in time-resolved experiments that require a combination of good temporal and spectral resolution the jitter and drifts in the spectral characteristics, relative arrival time as well as power fluctuations can smear out spectral-temporal features. We present a combination of methods for the analysis of time-resolved photoelectron spectra based on power and time corrections as well as self-referencing of a strong photoelectron line. Based on sulfur 2p photoelectron spectra of 2-thiouracil taken at the SASE FEL FLASH2, we show that it is possible to correct for some of the photon energy drift and jitter even when reliable shot-to-shot photon energy data is not available. The quality of pump–probe difference spectra improves as random jumps in energy between delay points reduce significantly. The data analysis allows to identify coherent oscillations of 1 eV shift on the mean photoelectron line of 4 eV width with an error of less than 0.1 eV.
Multilevel plate-type acoustic metamaterials with level-to-level modal antiresonance for sound insulation
Authors: Ye Yingrui , Wang Xiaopeng , Zhang Bo , Chen Tianning 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With the goal of engineering applications, the scalability of plate-type acoustic metamaterials (PAMs) is significant. However, most of the designed large-scale PAMs are formed by extending a single PAM cell to an array of cells, which will inevitably introduce vibroacoustic behavior to the entire array structure, resulting in a decay of sound transmission loss (STL) performance in certain frequency bands. To overcome this weakness, we present a new conceptual design of a multilevel PAM to enhance STL performance again by considering level-to-level modal antiresonance. The modal antiresonance of the second-level PAM, which manifests itself as the coupling through out-of-plane vibration of the first- and second-level PAMs, is analyzed to reveal the physical mechanisms. In addition, we also find that the STL profile of the second-level PAM has different dependence on the masses placed on the PAM cell and PAM array. We theoretically design and experimentally demonstrate the sound insulation properties of the proposed second-level PAM. Since the configuration of the multilevel PAM can be easily and flexibly designed in accordance with actual application requirements, it has broad application prospects including but not limited to submarine shells, aircraft cabins, and transformer rooms.