bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broken scaling neutrino mass matrix and leptogenesis based on A4 modular invariance
Authors: Kashav Monal , Verma Surender 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this work, we have proposed a modular A4 symmetric model of neutrino mass which, simultaneously, explains observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU). In minimal extension of the standard model (SM) with two right-handed neutrinos we work in a supersymmetric framework. At Type-I seesaw level, the model predicts scaling in the neutrino mass matrix. In order to have correct low energy phenomenology, we propose two possible scenarios of scale-breaking in the neutrino mass matrix emanating from Type-I seesaw. Scenario-1 is based on the dimension-5 Weinberg operator whereas scenario-2 implements Type-II seesaw via scalar triplet Higgs superfields (∆,$$ \overline{\Delta } $$

∆
¯

). Interestingly, the breaking patterns in both, otherwise dynamically different scenarios, are similar which can be attributed to the same charge assignments of superfields (∆,$$ \overline{\Delta } $$

∆
¯

) and the Higgs superfield Hu under modular A4 symmetry. The breaking is found to be proportional to the Yukawa coupling of modular weight 10 ($$ {Y}_{1,1\prime}^{10} $$

Y

1
,
1
′

10

). We, further, investigates the predictions of the model under scenario-2 (Type-I+II) for neutrino mass, mixings and matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe. The model predicts normal hierarchical neutrino masses and provide a robust range (0.05 − 0.08)eV for sum of neutrino masses (Σmi). Lepton number violating 0νββ decay amplitude (Mee) is obtained to lie in the range (0.04 − 0.06)eV. Future 0νββ decay experiments such as NEXT and nEXO shall pose crucial test for the model. Both CP conserving and CP violating solutions are allowed in the model. Interesting correlations are obtained, specially, between Yukawa couplings of modular weight 2 and complex modulus τ. Contrary to $$ {Y}_2^2 $$

Y
2
2

and $$ {Y}_3^2 $$

Y
3
2

, the Yukawa coupling $$ {Y}_1^2 $$

Y
1
2

is found to be insensitive to τ and thus to CP violation because complex modulus τ is the only source of CP violation in the model. We, also, investigate the prediction of the model for BAU. The model exhibit consistent explanation of BAU for right-handed Majorana neutrino mass scale in the range ((1 − 5) × 1013) GeV.
Weak scale right-handed neutrino as pseudo-Goldstone fermion of spontaneously broken $$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$
Authors: Joshipura Anjan S. , Patel Ketan M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Possibility of a Right-Handed (RH) neutrino being a Goldstone fermion of a spontaneously broken global U(1) symmetry in a supersymmetric theory is considered. This fermion obtains mass from the supergravity effects leading to a RH neutrino at the electroweak scale with a mass similar to the gravitino mass. A prototype model realizing this scenario contains just three gauge singlet superfields needed for the type I seesaw mechanism. Masses of the other two neutrinos are determined by the U(1) breaking scale which too can be around the electroweak scale. Light neutrinos obtain their masses in this scenario through (a) mixing with the RH neutrinos (type I seesaw), (b) mixing with neutralinos (R-parity breaking), (c) indirectly through mixing of the RH neutrinos with neutralinos, and (d) radiative corrections. All these contributions are described by the same set of a small number of underlying parameters and provide a very constrained and predictive framework for the neutrino masses which is investigated in detail for various choices of U(1) symmetries. It is found that flavour independent U(1) symmetries cannot describe neutrino masses if the soft supersymmetry breaking terms are flavour universal and one needs to consider flavour dependent symmetries. Considering a particular example of Lμ− Lτ symmetry, it is shown that viable neutrino masses and mixing can be obtained without introducing any flavour violation in the soft sector. The leptonic couplings of Majoron are worked out in the model and shown to be consistent with various laboratory, astrophysical and cosmological constraints. The neutrino data allows sizeable couplings between the RH neutrinos and Higgsinos which can be used to probe the pseudo-Goldstone fermion at colliders through its displaced decay vertex.
The two-sphere partition function in two-dimensional quantum gravity
Authors: Anninos Dionysios , Bautista Teresa , Mühlmann Beatrix 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We study the Euclidean path integral of two-dimensional quantum gravity with positive cosmological constant coupled to conformal matter with large and positive central charge. The problem is considered in a semiclassical expansion about a round two-sphere saddle. We work in the Weyl gauge whereby the computation reduces to that for a (timelike) Liouville theory. We present results up to two-loops, including a discussion of contributions stemming from the gauge fixing procedure. We exhibit cancelations of ultraviolet divergences and provide a path integral computation of the central charge for timelike Liouville theory. Combining our analysis with insights from the DOZZ formula we are led to a proposal for an all orders result for the two-dimensional gravitational partition function on the two-sphere.
Chiral magnetic effect and three-point function from AdS/CFT correspondence
Authors: Yin Lei , Hou Defu , Ren Hai-cang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The chiral magnetic effect with a fluctuating chiral imbalance is more realistic in the evolution of quark-gluon plasma, which reflects the random gluonic topological transition. Incorporating this dynamics, we calculate the chiral magnetic current in response to space-time dependent axial gauge potential and magnetic field in AdS/CFT correspondence. In contrast to conventional treatment of constant axial chemical potential, the response function here is the AVV three-point function of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills at strong coupling. Through an iterative solution of the nonlinear equations of motion in Schwarzschild-AdS5 background, we are able to express the AVV function in terms of two Heun functions and prove its UV/IR finiteness, as expected for $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills theory. We found that the dependence of the chiral magnetic current on a non-constant chiral imbalance is non-local, different from hydrodynamic approximation, and demonstrates the subtlety of the infrared limit discovered in field theoretic approach. We expect our results enrich the understanding of the phenomenology of the chiral magnetic effect in the context of relativistic heavy ion collisions.
Dark matter absorption via electronic excitations
Authors: Mitridate Andrea , Trickle Tanner , Zhang Zhengkang , Zurek Kathryn M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We revisit the calculation of bosonic dark matter absorption via electronic excitations. Working in an effective field theory framework and consistently taking into account in-medium effects, we clarify the relation between dark matter and photon absorption. As is well-known, for vector (dark photon) and pseudoscalar (axion-like particle) dark matter, the absorption rates can be simply related to the target material’s optical properties. However, this is not the case for scalar dark matter, where the dominant contribution comes from a different operator than the one contributing to photon absorption, which is formally next-to-leading-order and does not suffer from in-medium screening. It is therefore imperative to have reliable first-principles numerical calculations and/or semi-analytic modeling in order to predict the detection rate. We present updated sensitivity projections for semiconductor crystal and superconductor targets for ongoing and proposed direct detection experiments.
Calculating component temperatures in gearboxes for transient operation conditions
Authors: Paschold Constantin , Sedlmair Martin , Lohner Thomas , Stahl Karsten 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe knowledge of component temperatures during transient operation conditions is essential for an optimal design of a gearbox. This is because critical peak temperatures limit the transferable power as well as the load capacity. Moreover, understanding the thermal behavior of the gearbox is key to improving its efficiency. Therefore, the Thermal Network Method (TNM) of the calculation program WTplus was extended to calculate component temperatures in gearboxes for transient operation conditions. Specifically, the TNM considers the component masses and specific heat capacities of each node modelling the gearbox structure. This enables the algorithm to compute a corresponding system of differential equations and thus determine the temperature change over time. Therefore, WTplus can be used to identify critical gearbox component temperatures during load cycles. The applied method was validated with measurements collected at the FZG gear efficiency test rig.
A plant-specific DYRK kinase DYRKP coordinates cell morphology in Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Furuya Tomoyuki , Shinkawa Haruka , Kajikawa Masataka , Nishihama Ryuichi , Kohchi Takayuki , Fukuzawa Hideya , Tsukaya Hirokazu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs) are activated via the auto-phosphorylation of conserved tyrosine residues in their activation loop during protein translation, and they then phosphorylate serine/threonine residues on substrates. The DYRK family is widely conserved in eukaryotes and is composed of six subgroups. In plant lineages, DYRK homologs are classified into four subgroups, DYRK2s, yet another kinase1s, pre-mRNA processing factor 4 kinases, and DYRKPs. Only the DYRKP subgroup is plant-specific and has been identified in a wide array of plant lineages, including land plants and green algae. It has been suggested that in Arabidopsis thaliana DYRKPs are involved in the regulation of centripetal nuclear positioning induced by dark light conditions. However, the molecular functions, such as kinase activity and the developmental and physiological roles of DYRKPs are poorly understood. Here, we focused on a sole DYRKP ortholog in the model bryophyte, Marchantia polymorpha, MpDYRKP. MpDYRKP has a highly conserved kinase domain located in the C-terminal region and shares common sequence motifs in the N-terminal region with other DYRKP members. To identify the roles of MpDYRKP in M. polymorpha, we generated loss-of-function Mpdyrkp mutants via genome editing. Mpdyrkp mutants exhibited abnormal, shrunken morphologies with less flattening in their vegetative plant bodies, thalli, and male reproductive organs, antheridial receptacles. The surfaces of the thalli in the Mpdyrkp mutants appeared uneven and disordered. Moreover, their epidermal cells were drastically altered to a narrower shape when compared to the wild type. These results suggest that MpDYRKP acts as a morphological regulator, which contributes to orderly tissue morphogenesis via the regulation of cell shape.
An Intra-Cycle Optimal Control Framework for Ventricular Assist Devices Based on Atrioventricular Plane Displacement Modeling
Authors: Zeile Clemens , Rauwolf Thomas , Schmeisser Alexander , Mizerski Jeremi Kaj , Braun-Dullaeus Rüdiger C. , Sager Sebastian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA promising treatment for congestive heart failure is the implementation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) that works as a mechanical pump. Modern LVADs work with adjustable constant rotor speed and provide therefore continuous blood flow; however, recently undertaken efforts try to mimic pulsatile blood flow by oscillating the pump speed. This work proposes an algorithmic framework to construct and evaluate optimal pump speed policies with respect to generic objectives. We use a model that captures the atrioventricular plane displacement, which is a physiological indicator for heart failure. We employ mathematical optimization to adapt this model to patient specific data and to find optimal pump speed policies with respect to ventricular unloading and aortic valve opening. To this end, we reformulate the cardiovascular dynamics into a switched system and thereby reduce nonlinearities. We consider system switches that stem from varying the constant pump speed and that are state dependent such as valve opening or closing. As a proof of concept study, we personalize the model to a selected patient with respect to ventricular pressure. The model fitting results in a root-mean-square deviation of about 6 mmHg. The optimization that considers aortic valve opening and ventricular unloading results in speed modulation akin to counterpulsation. These in silico findings demonstrate the potential of personalized hemodynamical optimization for the LVAD therapy.
Macroseismic risk classification of historical constructions: the LEXSIS approach
Authors: Puncello Irene , Caprili Silvia , Bonanni Elisa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present paper deals with the elaboration of a methodology to assess the macro-seismic risk of monumental historical buildings, representing a fundamental part of the European cultural assets. Monumental buildings typically arise from a very complex constructive and morphological evolution process characterised by modifications occurred over the centuries. Therefore, they are usually heterogeneous buildings similar to 'structural aggregates' rather than single constructions and characterised by a structural behaviour depending on the mutual interaction of different structural units. An accurate knowledge process can allow the determination of structural units within the complex: such units can be therefore analysed using a specific evaluation form conceived to provide a 'risk ranking' of the different portions constituting the aggregate and accounting for vulnerability, exposure and seismic hazard parameters. The proposed methodology exploits what is already used to quickly determine structural features and eventual damages in the post-earthquake phase for ordinary buildings, introducing specific aspects typical of historical-cultural heritage requiring attention. According to the results achieved, retrofit interventions or deepen investigations can be planned for units provided by a higher position in the risk scale, optimising and rationally planning the use of available economic and time resources. In the present work, the proposed methodology is applied to the monumental complex of the Certosa di Calci, Pisa (Italy).
Using TRIZ10 for enhancing creativity in engineering design education
Authors: Cano-Moreno Juan David , Arenas Reina José Manuel , Sánchez Martínez Francisca Victoria , Cabanellas Becerra José María 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOne of the popular creativity methods to solve technical problems is the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, (TRIZ), however, requires a considerable investment of time. A teaching methodology for a simplified version of TRIZ (TRIZ10) has been developed for reducing learning time and improving the creative process in solving technical problems. This method has been applied in a small group of engineering design students as a proof of concept. The evaluation of the results obtained shows that students achieved adequate learning of this creative technique (75% overall efficiency). This method has led to the doubling of the number ideas developed by students compared to those generated before learning TRIZ10; further, it also improves a 10% the average degree of novelty for these ideas.
Optimal approximation to unitary quantum operators with linear optics
Authors: Garcia-Escartin Juan Carlos , Gimeno Vicent , Moyano-Fernández Julio José 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLinear optical systems acting on photon number states produce many interesting evolutions, but cannot give all the allowed quantum operations on the input state. Using Toponogov’s theorem from differential geometry, we propose an iterative method that, for any arbitrary quantum operatorUacting onnphotons inmmodes, returns an operator$$\widetilde{U}$$U~which can be implemented with linear optics. The approximation method is locally optimal and converges. The resulting operator$$\widetilde{U}$$U~can be translated into an experimental optical setup using previous results.
The estimation of a preference-based single index for the IBS-QoL by mapping to the EQ-5D-5L in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Sturkenboom Rosel , Keszthelyi Daniel , Brandts Lloyd , Weerts Zsa Zsa R. M. , Snijkers Johanna T. W. , Masclee Ad A. M. , Essers Brigitte A. B. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life (IBS-QoL) questionnaire is a commonly used and validated IBS-specific QoL instrument. However, this questionnaire is in contrast to the EQ-5D-5L, not preference-based and as such does not allow calculation of QALYs. The objective of this study was to describe the convergent- and known-group validity of both questionnaires and to develop a mapping algorithm from EQ-5D-5L which enable IBS-QoL scores to be transformed into utility scores for use in economic evaluations.

Methods
We used data from two multicenter randomized clinical trials, which represented the estimation and external validation dataset. The convergent validity was investigated by examining correlations between the EQ-5D-5L and IBS-QoL and the known-group validity by calculating effect sizes. Ordinary least squares (OLS), censored least absolute deviations (CLAD), and mixture models were used in this mapping approach.

Results
283 IBS patients were included (n = 189 vs. n = 84). Mean IBS-QoL score was 71.13 (SD 15.66) and mean EQ-5D-5L utility score was 0.73 (SD 0.19). The overall sensitivity of the IBS-QoL and EQ-5D-5L to discriminate between patient and disease characteristics was similar. CLAD model 4, containing the total IBS-QoL score and squared IBS-SSS (IBS severity scoring system), was chosen as the most appropriate model to transform IBS-QoL scores into EQ-5D-5L utility scores.

Conclusion
This study reports the development of an algorithm where the condition-specific questionnaire IBS-QoL can be used to calculate utility values for use in economic evaluations. Including a clinical measure, IBS-SSS, in the model improved the performance of the algorithm.
un/doing clientification: Zur Konstruktion und Dekonstruktion des Klient*innenstatus in der stationären Sozialen Altenarbeit
Authors: Höppner Grit 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungOhne Klient*innen wäre Soziale Arbeit nicht möglich. Die Bezeichnung „Klient*in“ wirft jedoch die Frage auf, wer oder was genau damit gemeint ist und in welchem Verhältnis Soziale Arbeit zu Klient*innen steht. Dies ist im Handlungsfeld der stationären Sozialen Altenarbeit besonders relevant, in dem ältere Menschen in erster Linie als Bewohner*innen leben und lediglich kontextspezifisch zu Klient*innen werden. Diese fehlende Eindeutigkeit in der Zuschreibung des Klient*innenstatus hat auch zur Folge, dass der Auftrag der Sozialen Arbeit in diesem Handlungsfeld bisher nicht eindeutig definiert ist und die Einrichtung eines Sozialen Dienstes in Seniorenheimen keine Selbstverständlichkeit darstellt. Dieser Beitrag zielt auf eine Präzisierung des Klient*innenstatus in diesem Feld ab. Mit Hilfe der Heuristik desun/doing clientificationsoll bestimmt werden, wie der Klient*innenstatus konstruiert und dekonstruiert wird und welche Aufgaben der Mitarbeitenden des Sozialen Dienstes damit einhergehen. Dies wird mit Hilfe der Ergebnisse eines ethnographischen Forschungsprojektes veranschaulicht. Es werden all jene sozialen Praktiken dargestellt, in denen der Klient*innenstatus im praktischen Tun hervorgebracht, aufrechterhalten, in Frage gestellt oder irrelevant gemacht wird. Die Ergebnisse ermöglichen neue Impulse für das Verständnis des Klient*innenstatus in der stationären Sozialen Altenarbeit und verdeutlichen die Bedeutung des Sozialen Dienstes in Seniorenheimen.
Intraperitoneal-onlay-mesh repair with hernia defect closure via the hernial orifice approach: A case series of 49 patients
Authors: Mikamori Manabu , Nakahara Yujiro , Iwamoto Kazuya , Hyuga Satoshi , Naito Atsushi , Ohtsuka Masahisa , Furukawa Kenta , Moon Jeongho , Imasato Mitsunobu , Asaoka Tadafumi , Kishi Kentaro , Mizushima Tsunekazu 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
In intraperitoneal-onlay-mesh repair with hernia defect closure (IPOM-plus), the abdominal cavity can be reliably approached through the hernial orifice. Adhesions can then be detached, and the hernial orifice can be closed by direct visual manipulation.

Presentation of cases:
IPOM-plus via the hernial orifice approach was performed in 49 patients. First, an incision is made just above the hernial orifice to reach the abdominal cavity. Under direct visualization, the adhesions are dissected, and the mesh is inserted after laparoscopic manipulation. After closing the hernial orifice under direct visual manipulation, the mesh is fixed again under laparoscopic guidance.

Conclusions:
This technique has the advantages of an easy intra-abdominal approach and direct visual manipulation. No mesh infections were observed in this study, suggesting that it may be useful as a hybrid procedure.

Highlights
Assessment of the Responsibility of Local Governments in Indonesia for the Management of Refugee Care
Authors: Suyatna I Nyoman , Arsika I Made Budi , Satyawati Ni Gusti Ayu Dyah , Nordin Rohaida , Jones Balawyn 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article assesses the responsibility of local governments in Indonesia for the management of refugee care, following the enactment of Presidential Regulation No. 125 of 2016 concerning the Treatment of Refugees (the “PR”). It highlights the limited authority of local governments in handling refugee issues—which is an issue that cuts across several national legal and administrative regimes including Foreign Affairs, Human Rights, and Immigration. This article focuses on the constraints of local political dynamics and budgeting in allocating local government funds for refugee care. In addressing these concerns, the authors argue that the PR should be amended to explicitly define the role of local governments in managing refugee issues and to include the regional revenue and expenditure budget as a source of funding. In addition, the authors argue that local governments that are hosting refugees should establish relevant local regulations for implementation of the PR.
Non-negative integral matrices with given spectral radius and controlled dimension
Authors: YAZDI MEHDI 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA celebrated theorem of Douglas Lind states that a positive real number is equal to the spectral radius of some integral primitive matrix, if and only if, it is a Perron algebraic integer. Given a Perron numberp, we prove that there is an integral irreducible matrix with spectral radiusp, and with dimension bounded above in terms of the algebraic degree, the ratio of the first two largest Galois conjugates, and arithmetic information about the ring of integers of its number field. This arithmetic information can be taken to be either the discriminant or the minimal Hermite-like thickness. Equivalently, given a Perron numberp, there is an irreducible shift of finite type with entropy$\log (p)$defined as an edge shift on a graph whose number of vertices is bounded above in terms of the aforementioned data.
Barriers to severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing reported by healthcare workers during the first pandemic wave at an academic center in Boston, Massachusetts
Authors: Zubiago Julia , Wurcel Alysse G. , Guardado Rubeen , Byhoff Elena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHealthcare workers (HCWs) experience barriers to severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing specific to their perceptions of access, and employment factors. A survey was sent to all employees at one Boston hospital to examine their perceived barriers to testing. HCWs who reported difficulty paying their bills were less likely to receive a SARS-CoV-2 test.