bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrathin Self‐Assembly MXene@flake Carbonyl Iron Composites with Efficient Microwave Absorption at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Yao Junru , Yang Feng , Yao Zhengjun , Wan Li , Hou Jinsen , Jiao Zibao , Huyan Wenjun , He Yanru , Chen Ping , Zhou Jintang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe exploration for the potential lightweight and high efficiency microwave absorbers with thermal stability is a great challenge for researchers. More importantly, the electromagnetic parameters of absorbers at elevated temperatures are seldom studied. In this work, sandwich MXene‐Ti3C2Tx@flake carbonyl iron (MF) composites with tunable and efficient microwave absorption at elevated temperatures are successfully fabricated by an electrostatic self‐assembly method. Both the complex permittivity and permeability of the MF are strongly temperature dependent in the temperature range of 298–473 K and X band (8.2–12.4 GHz). The efficient microwave absorption of MF at different temperatures can be achieved by changing the ratio of raw materials. Specifically, at room temperature, reflection loss (RL) ≤−10 dB of MF composite covers the whole X band at 2.12 mm, while the optimum RL value is −26.3 dB at 11.81 GHz. At 373 K, the optimum microwave absorption value of the MF composite reaches up to −63 dB at 10.27 GHz and RL ≤−10 dB can cover a whole X band with a thickness of 1.52 mm. Therefore, MF composites are expected to be promising candidates as ultrathin, highly efficient, and broadband absorbing materials at elevated temperatures.
Tuning the Phase Separation, Charge Ordering, and Electronic Transport in Electron‐Doped Manganite Films by Piezo‐Strain and Magnetic Field
Authors: Zheng Ming , Guan Pengfei , Qi Yaping , Tang Zhenhua , Ni Hao , Gao Ju 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe macroscopic physical properties and functionalities of strongly correlated complex oxides usually originate from and depend sensitively on microscopic interactions, which can be controlled by an external stimulus. Here, in electron‐doped La0.85Hf0.15MnO3/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐PbTiO3 multiferroic heterostructure, the role of phase separation in manipulating charge ordering and electronic transport by piezo‐strain and magnetic field is determined. The electric‐field‐induced lateral compressive piezo‐strain suppresses the charge‐ordering transition temperature and decreases the film resistance with a giant gauge factor of 27 368, due to the enhancement of the double‐exchange interaction between the Mn3+–Mn2+ ions and the suppression of the electron‐phonon coupling stemming from the Jahn‐Teller deformation. Moreover, the magnetic field can weaken the piezo‐resistance effect by 342 times. This result, together with elastically controlled magnetoresistance effect, demonstrates intimate correlation between the piezo‐strain‐induced and magnetic‐field‐induced effects by adjusting phase separation tendency. The findings indicate the importance of phase separation in multi‐field quantum control of electron‐doped perovskite manganites.
Engineering Single Atom Catalysts to Tune Properties for Electrochemical Reduction and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Maiti Kakali , Maiti Sandip , Curnan Matthew T. , Kim Hyung Jun , Han Jeong Woo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElectrocatalysis is important to the conversion and storage of renewable energy resources, including fuel cells, water electrolysers, and batteries. Engineering metal‐based nano‐architectures and their atomic‐scale surfaces is a promising approach for designing electrocatalysts. Single metal atom interactions with substrates and reaction environments crucially modulate the surface electronic properties of active metal centers, yielding controllable scaling relationships and transitions between different reaction mechanisms that improve catalytic activity. Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) allow activity and selectivity tuning while maintaining relatively consistent morphologies. SACs have well‐defined configurations and active centers within homogeneous single‐atom dispersions, producing exceptional selectivities, activities, and stabilities. Furthermore, SACs with high per‐atom utilization efficiencies, well‐controlled substrate compositions, and engineered surface structures develop single atom active sites for molecular reactions, enhancing mass activities. Recent developments in different metal‐based SAC nanostructures are discussed to explain their remarkable bi‐functional electrocatalytic activities and high mechanical flexibility, especially in the oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, and in battery applications. Existing barriers to and future insights into improving SAC performance are addressed. This study develops practical and fundamental insights on single atom electrocatalysts directed towards tuning their electrocatalytic activities and enhancing their stabilities.
Methodologies for the application of calcium compounds in agropastoral systems: Effects on crop yields
Authors: Borges Wander Luis Barbosa , Hipólito Jorge Luiz , Tokuda Flavio Sueo , Gasparino Adriano Custódio , de Freitas Rogério Soares , Andreotti Marcelo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSoil acidity (pH <4.4) restricts exploration by the root system and impairs crop yield. To contribute to the development of alternative methodologies for correcting acidity in the surface and subsurface layers of soil, the present study evaluated the effects of seven combinations of application technique (surface, incorporation under soil tillage, or subsurface) and calcium (Ca) compounds (limestone [LS], phosphogypsum [PG], and hydrated lime [HL]) on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and maize (Zea mays L.) grain yields and on the absorption of macronutrients and dry matter yield of palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha ‘Marandu’) in a Typic Hapludalf in an agropastoral system in Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with four replications. The results support the following conclusions: (a) applying HL plus PG is a viable alternative to applying LS plus PG for soybean and maize crops, (b) incorporating LS by plowing and harrowing is not a viable alternative to applying LS on the surface, (c) applying HL plus PG on the subsurface is superior to applying HL plus PG on the surface for soybean and palisade grass cultivation, (d) incorporating LS plus PG followed by annually applying LS on the surface improves palisade grass crop yield, (e) annually applying LS plus PG 2 yr before and annually applying LS plus PG increase palisade grass crop yield, and (f) annually applying LS or HL plus PG increases the absorption of Mg and S by palisade grass.
A delicate balance: Psychotropic polypharmacy and anti‐cholinergic use are correlated with fall incidence in Australian inpatients with dementia
Authors: Tan Samuel X. , Cameron Sarah C. , Sam Lit Min , Eigeland Hugh , Hay Karen , Eeles Eamonn , Natarajan Kannan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPersons with dementia commonly experience a range of behavioural and psychological symptoms, including agitation, aggression, perceptual disturbances, and depression. While psychotropic medications areregularly prescribed to mitigate these symptoms, these agents also carry a broad adverse effect profile. This study aimed to characterize psychotropic medication use in patients with dementia, as well as identify prescribing factors associated with falls in this cohort.MethodsThis retrospective study collected longitudinal demographic and medication data from all patients admitted to a neuro‐cognitive unit at an Australian metropolitan hospital over a 2‐year period. Psychotropic polypharmacy and psychotropic agent use per patient‐fortnight were investigated for their association with inpatient falls.ResultsAll patients (n = 147) were prescribed at least one psychotropic medication, with 96% receiving anti‐psychotic medications and 90% receiving benzodiazepines. Patient fall rate was significantly associated with anticholinergic drug use (Incidence rate ratio: 2.2;P < .001), as well as concomitant use of ≥5 daily psychotropic agents (Incidence rate ratio: 3.1;P = .001).ConclusionsPatients with dementia are routinely prescribed a wide variety of psychotropic medications. Use of anticholinergic drugs and psychotropic polypharmacy are correlated with fall incidence in persons with dementia.
Combining trace Pt with surface silylation to boost Au/uncalcined TS‐1 catalyzed propylene epoxidation with H2 and O2
Authors: Wang Gang , Du Wei , Zhang Zhihua , Tang Yanqiang , Xu Jialun , Cao Yueqiang , Qian Gang , Duan Xuezhi , Yuan Weikang , Zhou Xinggui 
Published: August 2021

AbstractModification of bifunctional Au‐Ti catalysts for direct epoxidation of propylene with H2 and O2 is of burgeoning interest for potential commercialization requirements with desirable overall catalytic performance. Herein, we report a strategy by combining the addition of trace Pt into Au particles to enhance hydroperoxide species formation with the surface silylation to promote propylene oxide (PO) desorption. The resultant catalyst, that is, silylated Au20Pt1/uncalcined TS‐1, gives rise to significantly enhanced propylene conversion of 11%, PO selectivity of 88%, and H2 efficiency of 41%. The underlying nature of the above enhanced performance is elucidated by multiple techniques, such as high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and theoretical calculations. The insights revealed here, the synergy of Au‐Pt‐Ti triple active sites together with the surface silylation, could guide the rational design of Au‐Ti catalysts for propylene epoxidation to boost PO production.
Solid–liquid mass transfer characteristics and mechanism of alkali‐soluble heteropolysaccharides from hemp stalk
Authors: Miao Guohua , Peng Lijuan , Liu Enfen , He Liang , Guan Qingqing , Zhang Junhua , Peng Lincai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEstablishment of a precise control model is conducive to efficient extraction of heteropolysaccharides (Hete) from lignocellulose biomass during alkali treatment process. Thus, this work focused on studying the dissolution behaviors of heteropolysaccharides from hemp stalk under different extraction conditions and developing a precise model to describe its solid–liquid mass transfer process. The results showed that under the optimal liquid to material ratio condition, alkali concentration and extraction time were the main factors affecting the extraction efficiency, followed by temperature and hydrogen peroxide dosage. Meanwhile, the influence of the flow state of lye and the particle size of hemp stalk cannot be also ignored. The established mass transfer models showed that the diffusion activation energy of heteropolysaccharides during laminar‐ and turbulent‐flow states were 1.1044 and 1.1015 kJ/mol, respectively, which totally proved that the dissolution of heteropolysaccharide under alkaline condition was a solid–liquid diffusion‐dominated mass transfer process. The internal and external verification results showed that the correlation and robustness of laminar‐ and turbulent‐type diffusion models were very good and suitable for controlling the dissolution of heteropolysaccharides from hemp stalk or similar plants.
Cerebral venous thrombosis and myeloproliferative neoplasms: A three‐center study of 74 consecutive cases
Authors: Gangat Naseema , Guglielmelli Paola , Betti Silvia , Farrukh Faiqa , Carobbio Alessandra , Barbui Tiziano , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , De Stefano Valerio , Tefferi Ayalew 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe recent association of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) with COVID‐19 vaccinations prompted the current retrospective review of 74 cases of CVT (median age = 44 years, range 15–85; 61% females) associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), seen at the Mayo Clinic, Catholic University of Rome, and University of Florence, between 1991 and 2021. Disease‐specific frequencies were 1.3% (39/2893), 1.2% (21/1811) and 0.2% (3/1888) for essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera and primary myelofibrosis, respectively. Cerebral venous thrombosis occurred either prior to (n = 20, 27%), at (n = 32, 44%) or after (n = 22) MPN diagnosis. A total of 72% of patients presented with headaches. Transverse (51%), sagittal (43%) and sigmoid sinuses (35%) were involved with central nervous system hemorrhage noted in 10 (14%) patients. In all, 91% of tested patients harbored JAK2V617F. An underlying thrombophilic condition was identified in 19 (31%) cases and history of thrombosis in 10 (14%). Treatment for CVT included systemic anticoagulation alone (n = 27) or in conjunction with aspirin (n = 24), cytoreductive therapy (n = 14), or both (n = 9). At a median follow‐up of 5.1 years (range 0.1–28.6), recurrent CVT was documented in three (4%) patients while recurrent arterial and venous thromboses and major hemorrhage were recorded in 11%, 9% and 14%, respectively. Follow‐up neurological assessment revealed headaches (n = 9), vision loss (n = 1) and cognitive impairment (n = 1). The current study lends clarity to MPN‐associated CVT and highlights its close association with JAK2V617F, younger age and female gender. Clinical features that distinguish COVID vaccine‐related CVT from MPN‐associated CVT include, in the latter, lower likelihood of concurrent venous thromboses and intracerebral hemorrhage; as a result, MPN‐associated CVT was not fatal.
Thrombopoietin level predicts response to treatment with romiplostim in chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Song Andrew B. , Goodarzi Katayoon , Karp Leaf Rebecca , Kuter David J. , Al‐Samkari Hanny 
Published: August 2021

AbstractChemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a common complication of cancer treatment. Evidence has emerged supporting use of romiplostim to treat CIT but predicting clinical response to romiplostim is not possible. To determine utility of endogenous thrombopoietin (TPO) as a biomarker of romiplostim response, we performed an observational cohort study of patients with CIT and known baseline TPO levels receiving romiplostim. For weekly on‐romiplostim platelet (Plt) count assessment, clinical response was defined as Plt ≥ 75 × 109/L and ≥ 30 × 109/L above pretreatment baseline. Overall, moderate, and superior classes of treatment response were defined based on fraction of Plt assessments meeting clinical response criteria (> 0, ≥ 0.6, and ≥ 0.8, respectively). Sixty‐three patients with CIT were included; median age was 62 years, 41.3% were female, and median (IQR) romiplostim treatment duration was 14 (4–38) weeks. Median (IQR) TPO was lower in patients achieving moderate response to romiplostim vs those who did not, 234 (135–1085) pg/mL vs 665 (244–1970) pg/mL (p = .034) and lower still in patients achieving superior response vs those who did not, 212 (91–690) pg/mL versus 559 (173–1851) pg/mL (p = .023). Negative correlations were found between TPO level and baseline Plt and TPO level and response fraction. A positive correlation was found between TPO level and lowest effective romiplostim dose. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, optimally discriminant TPO level thresholds (as defined by Youden's Index) were ≤ 457 pg/mL for moderate response and ≤ 260 pg/mL for superior response. In conclusion, TPO levels predict response to romiplostim in CIT, with lower levels predicting improved probability and depth of response.
Metathesis Cascade‐Triggered Depolymerization of Enyne Self‐Immolative Polymers**
Authors: Yuan Jingsong , Giardino Gavin J. , Niu Jia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA novel class of enyne self‐immolative polymers (SIPs) capable of metathesis cascade‐triggered depolymerization is reported. Studies on model compounds established 1,6‐enyne structures for efficient metathesis cascade reactions. SIPs incorporating the optimized 1,6‐enyne motif were prepared via both polycondensation and iterative exponential growth approaches. These SIPs demonstrated excellent stability in strong acid, base, nucleophiles, or at elevated temperatures, and can undergo efficient and complete depolymerization once triggered by a metathesis catalyst. Further studies revealed that introducing a terminal alkene to the chain end of the enyne SIPs improved the depolymerization efficiency, and established their potential as stimuli‐responsive materials.
Novel paraffin wax/ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene composite phase change materials modified by carbon nanotubes with excellent combination property
Authors: Cao Xianwu , Li Chunnong , Li Yuping , Tong Yizhang , He Guangjian , Yang Zhitao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhase change materials store and release heat energy in the process of phase change, so as to realize the effective recovery and utilization of heat energy. In this work, ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)@carbon nanotubes (CNT) 3D porous matrix were fabricated by rotary sintering. By vacuum adsorbing paraffin wax (PW) into UHMWPE@CNT porous matrix, composite phase change materials (CPCM) with excellent shape stability and mechanical properties were obtained. In addition, thermal gravimetric analysis (TG) results showed that the thermal stability of PW in CPCM was significantly improved. Moreover, the highest thermal conductivity of CPCM was 0.31 W m−1 K−1 at a relatively low content of CNT, which was 1.71 times that of CPCM without CNT. CNT was uniformly dispersed in the porous matrix of UHMWPE to enhance the thermal properties of CPCM. Especially when the CNT content was 1.5%, the thermal storage performance and photothermal conversion efficiency of CPCM were effectively improved. Therefore, the CPCM prepared by this method with excellent combination property, had great application prospect in energy storage.
Two‐dimensional MOFs: Design & Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Lin Yuting , Li Yuehua , Cao Yu , Wang Xiaozhi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor the past few years, two‐dimensional materials have attracted widespread attention owing to their special properties and potential applications. It is well‐known that graphene, transition metal disulfide compounds (TMDC), carbon nitride, transition metal carbonitrides (Mxenes), silene and hexagonal boron nitride are typical two‐dimensional materials. Compared with these traditional two‐dimensional materials, two‐dimensional MOF is favored by numerous researchers because of its unique structure. Based on the unique metal ion and organic ligand coordination of MOF and two‐dimensional layered structure, the applications of two‐dimensional MOF were getting serious, including catalysis, supercapacitor, gas adsorption/separation, sensors and so on. This review presents a relatively comprehensive summary of the design & synthesis and applications of two‐dimensional MOF over the past few years. Furthermore, the opportunities and challenges have been discussed to supply a promising prospect to this field.
Impedance spectroscopy for identifying tau protein to monitor anesthesia‐based issues
Authors: Yin Miaomiao , Xu Defang , Yu Jinyong , Huang Saisai , Gopinath Subash C.B. , Kang Peipei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAnesthesia‐related drugs cause various side effects and health‐related illnesses after surgery. In particular, neurogenerative disorder is a common problem of anesthesia‐related drugs. A patient gets anesthesia as a requirement of the preoperative evaluation to diagnose the medical illness, which is caused by anesthetic drug treatment. Different blood‐based biomarkers help in identifying the changes appearing in patients after anesthesia treatment. Among them, tau protein is a sensitive biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases, and the fluctuations in tau proteins are highly associated with various diseases. Furthermore, researchers have found unstable levels of tau protein after the anesthesia process. The current research has focused on quantifying tau protein via impedance spectroscopy to identify the problems caused by anesthesia‐related drugs. An impedance spectroscopy electrode was modified into a multiwalled carbon nanotube, and an amine‐ended aptamer was then attached. This electrode surface was used to quantify the tau protein level and reached the detection limit of 1 fM. The determination coefficient was found to bey= 369.93x+ 1144.9, withR2= 0.9846 in the linear range of 1 fM–1 nM. Furthermore, tau protein spiked human serum was clearly identified on the immobilized aptamer surface, indicating the specific detection.
Data Management Plans: the Importance of Data Management in the BIG‐MAP Project**
Authors: Castelli Ivano E. , Arismendi‐Arrieta Daniel J. , Bhowmik Arghya , Cekic‐Laskovic Isidora , Clark Simon , Dominko Robert , Flores Eibar , Flowers Jackson , Ulvskov Frederiksen Karina , Friis Jesper , Grimaud Alexis , Hansen Karin Vels , Hardwick Laurence J. , Hermansson Kersti , Königer Lukas , Lauritzen Hanne , Le Cras Frédéric , Li Hongjiao , Lyonnard Sandrine , Lorrmann Henning , Marzari Nicola , Niedzicki Leszek , Pizzi Giovanni , Rahmanian Fuzhan , Stein Helge , Uhrin Martin , Wenzel Wolfgang , Winter Martin , Wölke Christian , Vegge Tejs 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOpen access to research data is increasingly important for accelerating research. Grant authorities therefore request detailed plans for how data is managed in the projects they finance. We have recently developed such a plan for the EU−H2020 BIG‐MAP project—a cross‐disciplinary project targeting disruptive battery‐material discoveries. Essential for reaching the goal is extensive sharing of research data across scales, disciplines and stakeholders, not limited to BIG‐MAP and the European BATTERY 2030+ initiative but within the entire battery community. The key challenges faced in developing the data management plan for such a large and complex project were to generate an overview of the enormous amount of data that will be produced, to build an understanding of the data flow within the project and to agree on a roadmap for making all data FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable). This paper describes the process we followed and how we structured the plan.
Protein networks linking Warburg and reverse Warburg effects to cancer cell metabolism
Authors: Johar Dina , Elmehrath Ahmed O. , Khalil Rania M. , Elberry Mostafa H. , Zaky Samy , Shalabi Samy A. , Bernstein Larry H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt was 80 years after the Otto Warburg discovery of aerobic glycolysis, a major hallmark in the understanding of cancer. The Warburg effect is the preference of cancer cell for glycolysis that produces lactate even when sufficient oxygen is provided. “reverse Warburg effect” refers to the interstitial tissue communications with adjacent epithelium, that in the process of carcinogenesis, is needed to be explored. Among these cell–cell communications, the contact between epithelial cells; between epithelial cells and matrix; and between fibroblasts and inflammatory cells in the underlying matrix. Cancer involves dysregulation of Warburg and reverse Warburg cellular metabolic pathways. How these gene and protein‐based regulatory mechanisms have functioned has been the basis for this review. The importance of the Warburg in oxidative phosphorylation suppression, with increased glycolysis in cancer growth and proliferation is emphasized. Studies that are directed at pathways that would be expected to shift cell metabolism to an increased oxidation and to a decrease in glycolysis are emphasized. Key enzymes required for oxidative phosphorylation, and affect the inhibition of fatty acid metabolism and glutamine dependence are conferred. The findings are of special interest to cancer pharmacotherapy. Studies described in this review are concerned with the effects of therapeutic modalities that are intimately related to the Warburg effect. These interactions described may be helpful as adjuvant therapy in controlling the process of proliferation and metastasis.