bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shining Like Gold and New: The Emergence of Brass North of the Alps Around the Turn of the Era.
Authors: Bursák Daniel , Danielisová Alžběta , Magna Tomáš , Pajdla Petr , Míková Jitka , Rodovská Zuzana , Strnad Ladislav , Trubač Jakub 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ancient brass (aurichalcum) was a valued commodity in the Antiquity, notably because of its gold-like appearance. After mastering brass fabrication using the cementation procedure in the 1st century BC in the Mediterranean, this material became widely used by the Romans for coins, jewellery and other objects. Because of its visual qualities, it is believed that since this period, brass played an important role in diplomatic and economic contacts with indigenous communities, notably Celtic and Germanic tribes north of Danube and west of Rhine. To test this hypothesis, we performed for the first time the archaeometric and advanced statistical multivariate analysis of a suite of late Iron Age and Early Roman period (1st century BC – 1st century AD) brass and other copper-alloy objects from the territory of Bohemia to constrain their provenance. The new results for brass objects from this early phase of the massive occurrence of Roman aurichalcum in the Barbarian territories point to the ore deposits in the western Mediterranean or the Massif Central area in Gaul, consistent with historical events. These new findings underscore the great economic and political importance of the new and rich mineral resources in the Transalpine Gaul acquired due to Caesar's military campaigns
Evaluation of Rain Water Harvesting Systems for coping water shortage in the Upper Blue Nile Basin, North West Ethiopia
Authors: genet Amare Tsige , Abebe Ataklite , Tewabe Dires , Enyew Alebachew 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

The applicability of rainwater harvesting structure is very poor while the intended purpose is achievable in the Blue Nile basin. Therefore, this research was initiated to evaluate the performance of a rainwater harvesting structure and put possible strategies for dry season challenges. The study carried out for three years in the North West Ethiopia.
Methods

The data were analyzed using daily water balance model and other performance indicators (number of water day, relative irrigation supply, runoff storage efficiency and marginal rate of return).
Results

At the inception, it was established that the existing rain water harvesting system performs very low, runoff storage efficiency below 46%, no zero water day above 50%, relative irrigation supply below 27 % and marginal rate of return from 12 to 65%. However the greater the volume of the rain water harvesting structure the higher runoff storage efficiency, higher relative irrigation supply, and lower no water day under different irrigation technique was achieved.
Conclusions

For attaining household irrigation water demand in the dry season, the user should adopt storage capacity of 630m3 in Nitisol and 361m3 in Vertisol for double cropping and 273 m3 in Rigosol for supplemental irrigation. Hence, applying rainwater harvesting technologies with efficient water management technique enhance the net benefit of the system.
Effect of Shenling Baizhu San on Lipid Metabolism and Intestinal Barrier of UC with Spleen Deficiency
Authors: Lian Ziyu , Liu Yajun , Hu Jingyi , Cheng Cheng , Zhu Lei , Shen Hong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease and spleen-deficiency (SD) is considered as the common Chinese medicine syndrome of UC. However, the mechanism of Shenling Baizhu San (SLS) on UC with spleen-deficiency has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of SD on lipid metabolism and intestinal barrier in UC mice and reveal the underlying mechanism of SLS on UC mice with spleen-deficiency. Methods: The male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) group, DSS+SD group and SLS group. The data of disease activity index, body weight and length of colon were recorded to evaluate the colitis, the spleen and thymus weight were recorded to evaluate the spleen-deficiency, the serum metabolites were detected by untargeted metabolomics, the tight junction and intestinal mucus barrier were evaluated by Alcian Blue-Periodic acid Schiff staining and immunochemical, the activity of ATPase were detected by spectrophotometer, the proinflammatory factors and the copy number of mitochondrial DNA were detected by RT-PCR, the relative expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γcoactivators-1α (PGC-1ɑ) and Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFMA) were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. Results: The mice treated by compound method showed decreased spleen and thymus weight as well as more serious intestinal inflammation than DSS group. Compared with DSS+SD group, SLS improved intestinal inflammation and spleen deficiency, ameliorated lipid metabolism and intestinal barrier as well as promoted expression of SIRT1, PGC-1ɑ and TFMA in UC mice with spleen-deficiency. Conclusion: SLS could be considered as an effective treatment for spleen-deficiency in UC and its underlying mechanism might be related to improve lipid metabolism and intestinal barrier through mediating SIRT1/PGC-1ɑ pathway.
NLRP3 Inflammasome Up-Regulates Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Expression and Promotes Inflammatory Infiltration in Polymyositis
Authors: Xia Ping , Shao Yu-Quan , Yu Cong-Cong , Xie Yu , Zhou Zhi-Jie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: This study was designed to investigate the role of the nucleotide-binding-domain (NBD)-and leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing (NLR) family, pyrin-domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pathogenesis of polymyositis (PM). Results: We found that the percentage of CD68+ cells, and the expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in the muscle tissue were elevated in 27 PM patients. LPS/ATP treatment in the Raw 264.7 macrophages resulted in activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and secretion of IL-1β as well as interferons (IFNs) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). Meanwhile, LPS/ATP challenged activation of NLRP3 inflammasome induced overexpression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), a key molecular to develop to PM, in the co-cultured C2C12 cells. Genetic knockdown of NLRP3 inflammasome using siRNA or pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome using MCC950 effectively suppressed MHC-I overexpression in the co-cultured C2C12 cells. Certain levels of IL-1β rather than IFNs showed the effect of up-regulating MHC-I expression in C2C12 cells. IL-1β blockade using neutralizing IL-1β monoclonal antibody or siRNA of IL-1β suppressed MHC-I overexpression. In vivo, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition using MCC950 reduced the expression of NLRP3, IL-1β and MHC-I in the muscle tissue of PM modal rats. Also, it attenuated the intensity of muscle inflammation as well as the CRP, CK, and LDH levels in the serum. Conclusions: Collectively, these results suggested that NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β axis may play an important role in the development of PM. Inhibition of NLRP3 activation may hold promise in the treatment of PM.
Duplication of Spiralian-Specific TALE Genes And Evolution of The Blastomere Specification Mechanism In The Bivalve Lineage
Authors: Phuangphong Supanat , Tsunoda Jumpei , Wada Hiroshi , Morino Yoshiaki 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Despite the conserved pattern of the cell-fate map among spiralians, bivalves display several modified characteristics during their early development, including early specification of the D blastomere by the cytoplasmic content, as well as the distinctive fate of the 2d blastomere. However, it is unclear what changes in gene regulatory mechanisms led to such changes in cell specification patterns. Spiralian-TALE (SPILE) genes are a group of spiralian-specific transcription factors that play a role in specifying blastomere cell fates during early development in limpets. We hypothesised that the expansion of SPILE gene repertoires influenced the evolution of the specification pattern of blastomere cell fates.Results We performed a transcriptome analysis of early development in the purplish bifurcate mussel and identified 13 SPILE genes. Phylogenetic analysis of the SPILE gene in bivalves and limpets suggested that extra duplications of SPILE genes occurred in the bivalve lineage. We examined the expression patterns of the SPILE gene in mussels and found that some SPILE genes were expressed in quartet-specific patterns, as observed in limpets. Furthermore, we found that several SPILE genes that had undergone gene duplication were specifically expressed in the D quadrant, C and D quadrants or the 2d blastomere. These expression patterns were distinct from the expression patterns of SPILE in their limpet counterparts. Conclusions These results suggest that, in addition to their ancestral role in quartet specification, bivalve SPILE genes contributed to the specification of C and D quadrants. We propose that the expansion of SPILE genes in the bivalve lineage created extra SPILE genes that underwent expression pattern and functional divergence, thereby resulting in the evolution of a unique cell-fate specification pattern in bivalves.
Clinical Implication of N6-Methylandenosine-Related lncRNAs in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Xiao Wenjing , Geng Wei , Xu Juanjuan , Huang Qi , Fan Jinshuo , Tan Qi , Yin Zhengrong , Li Yumei , Yang Guanghai , Jin Yang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and is highly heterogeneous. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, a vital contributor to the outcomes of cancer, can modify long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), thereby influencing the transcript stability, gene expression, and serving a wide array of biological functions. However, the role of m6A-related lncRNAs in NSCLC remains largely unknown. Methods: We identified a group of m6A-related lncRNAs (m6ARLncRNAs) by using co-expression analysis in 1835 NSCLC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (N=1145) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (N=690) datasets. We employed consensus unsupervised clustering analysis to explore molecular patterns based on the expression of m6ARLncRNAs. Then we filtered m6ARLncRNAs by Cox regression and LASSO regression to construct a m6ARLncRNAs signature (m6ARLncSig) and further evaluated m6ARLncSig with external and experimental validation by using qRT-PCR. We analyzed the correlation between m6ARLncSig scores groups with clinical features, chemotherapeutic sensitivity and radiotherapeutic response. Finally, we established a nomogram for prognosis prediction in patients with LUAD and validated it in the testing set and the entire TCGA dataset. Results: We constructed a m6ARLncSig for prognosis prediction of patients consisting of 12 m6ARLncRNAs. The m6ARLncSig divided patients into a high-risk group and a low-risk one, which had significantly different OS and could independently predict the prognosis of patients. Meanwhile, we revealed that patients in the high- and low-risk groups differed in tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity, and biological pathways. Of note, we found that m6ARLncSig was associated with age, tumor stage, and radiotherapeutic response, indicating they were clinically relevant. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that m6ARLncSig could act as a potential biomarker for evaluating the prognosis and therapeutic efficacy in NSCLC patients.
Construction of Novel Nanohybrids(Fe3O4/HAp/Au) With Multifunctional Structure for Efficient Photocatalytic Application
Authors: Wu Rui , Ji Xiaohui , Xia Donghui , Xiong Haitao , Lu Jiufu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The controlled synthesis of nanohybrids with magnetic metal oxides (Fe3O4), noble metals Au, and hydroxyapatite (HAp, hydroxyapatite) have received considerable attention for applications in photocatalysis, molecular imaging, drug delivery. Green and multifunctional Fe3O4/HAp/Au composite nanoparticles (NPs) with biocompatibility and magnetism for photocatalyst was developed by a facile method. The overall architecture of nanocomposites is one of the most important factors dictating the physical and chemical properties of nanohybrids with significant advances and various functions. The improvement performance of the Fe3O4/HAp/Au in photocatalysis was evaluated by degradation of organic pollutant (methylene blue, MB) under visible light irradiation. The results showed that the hybrid Fe3O4/HAp/Au NP displayed high photocatalytic activity due to surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Au, the combination of magnetic NPs and HAps with adsorption, also the mechanism was discussed in detail. The efficient magnetic composite nanoparticles can be separated with target and recover, as well as recycle processes. It proposed novel NPs and methodology to design and fabrication of multifunctional NPs with high quality for application of photocatalysis. Furthermore, it is expected that the safe, green and multifunctional composite NPs will provide an interesting platform not only for photocatalysis, but also for developing molecular imaging probe and drug delivery with target, as well as Raman detection.
An Evaluation System Based on AHP Method for Preserve Situation in Guangyuan Thousand-Buddha Grotto of Tang Dynasty in Sichuan, China
Authors: Yao Xue , Zhao Fan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Guangyuan thousand-buddha grotto is of great value in researching Buddhism spread in China. By joint effect of various factors, the grottos have developed serious diseases, which threaten the long-term preservation. To date, the existing study can neither reveal the contribution each disease makes to nor the grottos’ preserve situation in a quantized way. Therefore, establishing a scientific evaluation system to explore the effection of each disease and assess grottos’ preserve situation degree has been a significant topic for grotto’s conservation. In this research, the authors selected 11 grottos of middle Tang dynasty in Guangyuan thousand-buddha grotto as survey objects, traditional diseases investigation was taken and analytic hierarchy process (AHP method) was applied to build a system to calculate weight of 15 diseases and evaluate grottos’ preserve situation. The result shows, 15 diseases can be classified as two risk categories, and every disease has its own weight on effecting grotto’s preserve situation. AHP method is suitable for heritage assessment with complex structure.
Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Cyclic Fatigue of Nickel-titanium Rotary Files
Authors: Karkehabadi Hamed , Farmani Abbas , Pakseresht Zahra , Sedaghat Faraz , Niya Saber Yavari 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study sought to assess the effect of cryogenic treatment on cyclic fatigue of Neoniti and Reciproc nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files. This in vitro, experimental study was performed on 48 Neoniti and Reciproc NiTi rotary files (#25, 6% taper) in two subgroups with and without cryogenic treatment. The files in cryogenic subgroups were stored in liquid nitrogen chamber at -196°C for 24 h. Next, they were placed at room temperature (25°C) to gradually warm up. Stainless steel (SS) blocks were used to standardize the degree of rotation of the files. The SS blocks simulated a root canal with the negative pattern of gutta-percha with 0.08 taper, #25 tip size, and 45° canal curvature. Each endodontic file was rotated in this canal until fracture. The time until fracture was recorded by a digital chronometer. Time to fracture was used to calculate the number of rotations before file fracture as the cyclic fatigue scale. Results: The mean cyclic fatigue resistance of both Neoniti and Reciproc rotary files in cryogenic subgroups was significantly higher than that in non-cryogenic control subgroups (P<0.05). Cryogenic treatment can significantly increase the cyclic fatigue resistance of Neoniti and Reciproc NiTi rotary files.
Returnable baking waste — a new type of raw materials for distillates production (Part III. Distillation stage)
Authors: Krikunova L. N. , Dubinina E. V. , Makarov S. Yu. 
Published: July 2021

The distillation stage is a key step in distillate-based alcoholic beverage technology. The use of a new non-traditional type of raw materials to obtain distillates requires comprehensive research. The purpose of this work was to study the processes at the distillation stage of the discharged wort from the recyclable baking waste, in identifying significant factors and determining the optimal technological values of these factors. The objects of the study served 9 samples of fermented wort from various types of recyclable baking waste, distillate fractions and samples of distillates. The distillation was performed on the installation of direct distillation “KOTHE DESTILLATIONSTECHNIK” (Germany). In the objects of the study, the volume, the volume fraction of ethyl alcohol and the mass concentration of the main volatile components were determined. The composition and concentration of basic volatile components were determined using gas chromatography on the device “Thermo Trace GC Ultra” (Thermo, United States). The wide range of variation of the mass concentration of the main volatile components, depending on the composition of the initial raw materials, is revealed. It has been established that the nature of the distribution of volatile components according to distillate fractions does not depend on the physicochemical composition of the fermented wort from different types of recyclable baking waste. It is shown that the nature of the distribution of volatile components according to fractions in obtaining a distillate from the recyclable baking waste has certain differences from their distribution in the preparation of cognac and fruit distillates. A comparative assessment of distillates obtained by single fractionated distillation and double distillation showed the advantage of the first alcohol output and the composition of volatile components. It has been established that the distillation rate with a direct fractionated has a significant effect on the dynamics of the distribution of the main volatile components and the output of the distillate for anhydrous alcohol. With an optimal distillation rate (5.9 cm3 / min), an anhydrous alcohol output increases, on average, by 4% and reduced the losses of valuable aroma-forming volatile components with head and tail fractions.
Evaluating low impact development practices potentials for increasing flood resilience and stormwater reuse through lab-controlled bioretention systems
Authors: Batalini de Macedo Marina , Pereira de Oliveira Thalita Raquel , Halmenschlager Oliveira Tassiana , Nóbrega Gomes Junior Marcus , Teixeira Brasil José Artur , Ambrogi Ferreira do Lago Cesar , Mendiondo Eduardo Mario 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLow impact development practices (LID) as alternative measures of urban drainage can be used within the approach of resources recycling and co-management. This study evaluates the potential contribution of a bioretention system to flood control, non-potable water demands (NPD) and resources co-management. Bioretention setups were tested experimentally under variable conditions to identify operational key-factors to multiple purposes. Additionally, the efficiencies obtained for laboratory scale were extrapolated for household and watershed scale, quantifying the indicators of water demand reduction (WDR), energy demand reduction (EDR) and carbon emission reduction (CER) for hybrid systems with LID. The laboratory results indicated that the use of a bioretention with a submerged zone can improve the quality of the water recovered for reuse, while maintaining the efficiency of runoff retention and peak flow attenuation. Comparing the bioretention effluent quality with the Brazilian standards for stormwater reuse, the parameters color, turbidity, E. coli and metals were above the limits, indicating the necessity of a better treatment for solids particles and disinfection. Expanding the analysis to watershed scale, the bioretention helped to reduce NPD demands up to 45%, leading to a reduction in energy demand and carbon emission from the centralized water supply system.
The Qur’an Reciting Competitions in the Nizhny Novgorod Region (2005–2021)
Authors: Akhmedova F. M. , Kornilov A. A. , Orekhov A. A. 
Published: July 2021

This article is devoted to the practices of religious education and socialization of Muslims in the Nizhny Novgorod region, more precisely, to the study of Qur’an reciting competitions in the period from 2005 till 2021. The purpose of the study is to reveal the essence of these practices. The sources of the research include information materials of the official Internet site of Spiritual Boards of Muslims of Nizhny Novgorod Region (DUM NO), and the results of an interviews with representatives of the organizers’ team of the competition and teachers of maktabs. Based on this goal, the authors seek to reconstruct the speciﬁcs of the organization of the Qur’an reciting competition. The study has used the interdisciplinary approach and methods of social sciences. The research identiﬁed the following practices: the practice of mentoring and systematic training and education; the practice of teaching and religious education through contemporary means of communication; the practice of common work and competition in good deeds; the practice of thanksgiving, praising the Almighty; socialization practice, strengthening unity within the ummah; the practice of encouraging of the acquisition of new knowledge; vocational guidance practice. The research scientiﬁc novelty is expressed by systematization of information about Qur’an reciting competitions in the Nizhny Novgorod region.