bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body Count: The War on Terror and Civilian Deaths in Iraq, by Lily Hamourtziadou – Book Review
Authors: Travers Alannah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Body Count: The War on Terror and Civilian Deaths in Iraq is essential reading for anyone interested in understanding the true impact of the Iraq War and its ongoing consequences for the people of Iraq. Lily Hamourtziadou has created a powerful account of the human cost of war, and her dedication to truth and justice is evident on every page. Body Count is both a work of immense scholarly value, and a tribute to the individuals who have suffered and continue to suffer as a result of the conflict. https://bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/body-count
CAPE activates AMPK and Foxo3 signaling to induce growth inhibition and ferroptosis in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Fang Qilu , Fang Qichuan , Cheng Rui , Feng Tingting , Xin Wenxiu 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
Approximately 20% of all breast cancer cases are classified as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which represents the most challenging subtype due to its poor prognosis and high metastatic rate. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), the main component extracted from propolis, has been reported to exhibit anticancer activity across various tumor cell types. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of CAPE on TNBC.

Methods
MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells were treated with CAPE. CCK8 and colony formation assays were performed to analyze cell proliferation. Western blot, TUNEL and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining methods were employed to assess cell apoptosis. ROS, MDA, SOD, GSH, C11-bodipy staining, along with measurements of GPX4 and Ferritin levels, were utilized for ferroptosis detection. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were used to assess key regulatory molecules. The cells were subjected to treatments involving ferroptosis inhibition, AMPK inhibition, or Foxo3 inhibition, followed by CAPE administration to assess cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ferroptosis. Tumor xenografts were used to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of CAPE.

Results
CAPE not only suppressed cell proliferation but also promoted apoptosis followed by ferroptosis. Co-incubation with Fer-1 (a ferroptosis inhibitor) diminished CAPE’s suppressive effects on proliferation and apoptosis induction. CAPE treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK and promoted the nuclear translocation of Foxo3. Inhibition of both AMPK and Foxo3 by siRNAs or inhibitors (Compc, TIC10) reversed the growth retardation induced by CAPE as well as its pro-apoptotic effects leading to ferroptosis. Specifically, AMPK inhibition abrogated the CAPE-induced nuclear translocation of Foxo3. CAPE significantly inhibited tumor growth in nude mice bearing TNBC xenografts.

Conclusion
CAPE possesses a resistance effect on TNBC via activation of AMPK and Foxo3 signaling pathways.
Semaglutide-Associated Gastric Pneumatosis
Authors: Turunen Andrew M. , Coombs Reilly A. , Garg Sushil Kumar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus and more recently for weight loss, often causes gastrointestinal adverse effects such as delayed gastric emptying and abdominal discomfort. Current literature has not described an associated case of gastric pneumatosis with semaglutide use. We report a 61-year-old man on semaglutide for 9 months with gastric pneumatosis. Symptoms resolved on discontinuation. Clinicians should be vigilant for significant gastrointestinal adverse effects, including pneumatosis with semaglutide use.
Tension-free thyroidectomy with medial access to the recurrent largeal nerves and thyroid vessels: methodology, results of application, advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Sleptcov I. V. , Chernikov R. A. , Novokshonov K. Yu. , Sablin I. V. , Pushkaruk A. A. , Kantaria G. V. , Tulanbaev J. T. , Farafonova U. V. , Feldsherov I. M. 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Despite technical improvements in surgical equipment, a significant number of studies report a high incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis and hypoparathyroidism. In order to reduce specific complications, we have proposed an alternative method of performing thyroidectomy — tension-free thyroidectomy (TFT) with medial access to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and parathyroid glands.AIM: Assessing the effectiveness and safety of the TFT method.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included patients who were treated at the Saint Petersburg State University Hospital in the period from 2020 to 2024. The study is prospective, non-randomized. Patients were recruited using the continuous sampling method. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the patient’s consent to the proposed surgical method, age over 18 years, and the absence of previous operations on the thyroid gland. Exclusion criteria included laryngeal paralysis identified before surgery and previous operations on the thyroid gland. The primary control point is the development of laryngeal paralysis. Secondary control points are the development of persistent hypoparathyroidism, the development of transient hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcemia, the duration of surgery.RESULTS: The study included 792 patients who underwent tension-free thyroidectomy/hemithyroidectomy using a medial approach to the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands. Indications for surgery were thyroid cancer (454 patients; 57.3%), follicular tumor of the thyroid gland (262; 33.1%), Graves’ disease (44; 5.6%), nodular toxic goiter (20; 2.5 %), nodular nontoxic goiter with compression of the neck organs (11; 1.4%), intrathyroid adenoma of the parathyroid gland (1; 0.1%). Postoperative hematoma developed in 2 patients (0.3%). Unilateral laryngeal paresis was noted in 16 patients (1.6% of the number of nerves at risk). Permanent laryngeal paresis was noted in 2 patients (0.2% of the number of nerves in the risk zone); all other cases of laryngeal paresis were transient. Hypoparathyroidism was diagnosed in 17 cases (7.7% of the number of thyroidectomies), of which in 7 cases after thyroidectomy with central cervical lymph node dissection (7.1% of the number of thyroidectomies with central cervical lymph node dissection). In 16 (7.2%) cases, hypoparathyroidism was transient in nature, in 1 case (0.5%) it was permanent.CONCLUSION: The technique of tension-free thyroidectomy allows for a low level of postoperative complications, such as hypoparathyroidism and dysfunction of the recurrent laryngeal nerves. The TFT technique can be recommended for wide clinical use.
Phenotypic Features and Bone Metabolism in MEN1-related Hyperparathyroidism According to the Russian Registry of Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Pylina S. V. , Eremkina A. K. , Kim E. I. , Elfimova A. R. , Gorbacheva A. M. , Mokrysheva N. G. 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: MEN1-related hyperparathyroidism (mPHPT) is a rare inherited form of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) that is caused by a germline mutation in the MEN1 gene. The available data on bone phenotypes in mPHPT are scarce and contradictory due to the orphan nature of the disease, the under-recognition of the disease due to the limited use of genetic screening, and the heterogeneity of the samples evaluated.AIM: To evaluate the phenotypic features of verified MEN1-associated primary hyperparathyroidism, including associated bone complications, according to data from Russian register of primary hyperparathyroidismMATERIALS AND METHODS: A nationwide, multicenter, non-interventional, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of bone metabolism in a group of verified mPHPT (N=86) and sporadic hyperparathyroidism (sPHPT) (N=3599) in the active phase of PHPT. The main parameters of calcium-phosphorus metabolism were evaluated, as well as bone mineral density (BMD) using the Z-score in the lumbar spine, femur, and radius.RESULTS: According to the Russian registry of hyperparathyroidism, patients with mPHPT have the same parameters of calcium-phosphorus metabolism as the sporadic form of the disease, with higher levels of total (p=0.019) and the lower level of ionized calcium (p=0.010). The prevalence of isolated bone complications (38% vs. 27%; p=0.081) and renal pathology (16% vs. 18%; p=0.086) was comparable in both groups. After exclusion of age-related factors, the bone phenotype of mPHPT is characterized by a greater frequency of BMD loss in the femur neck (p=0.009).CONCLUSION: According to data from the Russian Registry of Hyperparathyroidism, patients with mPHPT and sPHPT are characterized by comparable deviations in the main parameters of phosphorus-calcium metabolism, except for total and ionized calcium, as well as the frequency of bone and visceral complications. A higher frequency of BMD loss at the femoral neck was observed in the subgroup of young patients with mPHPT.
Geostatistical assessment and mapping of soil spatial variability in Sirumugai, Western Ghats
Authors: Jayasuriya J , Jagadeeswaran R , Kumaraperumal R , Balaji K , Raju M 
Published: December 2024

This study examines the spatial variability of soil properties and classifies the soil in the Sirumugai Reserved Forest range, located in the Western Ghats, India. A systematic soil survey and profile studies were conducted, using landforms as the basis for investigation within the study area. Horizon-wise soil samples were analysed for key soil parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic carbon, phosphorus, and potassium. The results revealed significant variations in soil properties across different locations, primarily influenced by elevation. The coefficient of variation for phosphorus was 0.87, while for potassium, it was 0.48. The analysis also encompassed assessments of skewness and kurtosis. pH (0.15) and phosphorus (0.75) exhibited kurtosis values close to 1, indicating relatively normal and flatter distributions. Conversely, sodium (27.10), elevation (3.91), and calcium demonstrated high kurtosis. Most soil properties were found to be right-skewed, while bulk density (0.09) was left-skewed. Geostatistical analysis in the Sirumugai Reserved Forest revealed considerable spatial variability in soil properties, particularly in EC and organic carbon. Elevation emerged as a strong influencing factor for soil properties, coupled with soil depth and nutrient leaching, which were prominent at higher altitudes. Ordinary kriging provided accurate spatial predictions, offering valuable insights for land management and conservation strategies tailored to the region.
Impressions on European physiology education and research—A quick view from the Portuguese experience
Authors: Rodrigues Luís Monteiro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Bologna Process and the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) are celebrating 25 years of free mobility and career opportunities. Despite its progress, disparities exist in the effectiveness of this initiative across EHEA countries. Physiology is a mandatory component of health science curricula but lacks standardized educational benchmarks, leading to limited societal awareness and professional opportunities. In contrast, there is a different dynamic in the USA, where physiology is a profession with growing opportunities. Within Europe, national scientific societies are actively promoting physiology education and research but societal awareness and physiology related knowledge and opportunities are still limited. A recent study on the Portuguese reality revealed that while physiology is taught at many institutions, there is significant variability in hands‐on training between universities and technical colleges. Notably, only a small percentage of faculty have published in physiology journals, suggesting a diluted identity for the discipline. Challenges in harmonization and training reflect a need for stronger collaboration among scientific organizations to improve physiology teaching and research across Europe. By addressing these issues, the future of physiology can be strengthened, ensuring better recognition and professional development for physiologists in the EHEA.
Surface-engineered quantum dot nanocomposites for neurodegenerative disorder remediation and avenue for neuroimaging
Authors: Al-Muhanna Muhanna K. A. , Alghamdi Amani Ahmed , Alrfaei Bahauddeen , Afzal Mohammad , Al-Subaiee Reema , Haddadi Rania 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This review investigates the potential of surface-engineered quantum dot (QD) nanocomposites in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and their use in neuroimaging. QDs possess distinctive properties such as adjustable fluorescence and adaptable surface modification, making them useful for both targeted drug administration and precise imaging in the complex nervous system. The report provides a concise overview of progress and obstacles, with a particular focus on concerns regarding biocompatibility, potential toxicity, and the ability to cross the blood–brain barrier. The importance of continuous research in surface engineering, biocompatibility investigations, and standardization of synthesis procedures is emphasized as essential measures to overcome these obstacles. Although there are challenges, the review highlights the significant potential of surface-engineered QD nanocomposites to transform our understanding of neurodegenerative disorders and improve neuroimaging techniques. This could lead to better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for neurological health in the future.
Breastfeeding Trends Following the US Infant Formula Shortage
Authors: Seoane Estruel Luis , Andreyeva Tatiana 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
Breastfeeding enhances maternal and child health, yet US breastfeeding rates remain below optimal levels and substantial disparities persist. The 2022 infant formula crisis had the potential to influence infant feeding practices due to formula shortages and fears about the safety of formula feeding in the wake of recalls. This report studies the evolution of breastfeeding-initiation trends during the infant formula crisis and compares the effects across subpopulations.

METHODS
This study analyzed 2016–2022 national birth certificate data from 47 states and the District of Columbia based on Bayesian structural time-series analysis to measure average changes in breastfeeding-initiation trends and a linear probability model to test for heterogeneous effects.

RESULTS
During the 2022 infant formula crisis, average breastfeeding-initiation rates increased by 1.96 percentage points (pp) (95% credible interval, 1.68 pp to 2.23 pp) and remained elevated above historical levels at the end of the formula crisis. The increase was particularly pronounced among mothers with lower education levels, those receiving Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children assistance, residents of less populated counties, Medicaid recipients, and Black mothers, possibly due to their higher reliance on formula feeding. Populations meeting all of these sociodemographic criteria experienced the largest increase in breastfeeding initiation at 6.06 pp (95% confidence interval, 5.26 pp to 6.87 pp). Preexisting disparities in breastfeeding initiation declined in 2022.

CONCLUSION
The infant formula crisis highlights the potential for addressing breastfeeding disparities and reducing associated child and maternal health risks through targeted interventions to promote breastfeeding.
Extreme Heat Stress and Unplanned Hospital Admissions
Authors: He Wen-Qiang , Pereira Gavin , Hu Nan , Lingam Raghu , Hunt Lindsey , Gordon Adrienne , Jay Ollie , Nassar Natasha 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVES
The burden and health impact of heat stress on child hospitalization is limited. This study aims to investigate associations between extreme heat stress exposure based on a Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), emergency department (ED) visits, and ED visits that translate into unplanned hospital admissions.

METHODS
This population-based case-crossover study included all ED visits and unplanned hospital admissions among children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years from New South Wales, Australia, from July 2001 to June 2020. Heat stress was measured by heatwave days defined as 2 consecutive days or more with daily maximum UTCI in the 95th percentile or higher. Distributed lag nonlinear regression models with a quasi-Poisson distribution were applied, and the relative risks from the models were presented.

RESULTS
Totals of 8 240 170 ED visits and 1 427 736 unplanned hospital admissions were recorded. Compared with nonheatwave days, heatwave days were associated with an increased risk of ED visits and hospital admissions due to infectious diseases and infectious enteritis by 5% to 17% and heat-related illness by 78% to 104%. Findings were consistent for subgroup analyses. Children aged younger than 1 year and those from the most disadvantaged areas were more vulnerable to heat-related illness on heatwave days. Effects on hospitalization were attenuated using ambient temperature only.

CONCLUSIONS
This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of UTCI to more completely demonstrate the harmful impact of extreme heat stress on increased infection and heat-related hospitalizations among children, which were not fully captured by using ambient temperature alone. Findings can inform targeted area-based strategies, particularly among vulnerable groups to mitigate the effects of extreme heat events.
A DOCÊNCIA E O DESENHO DA CRIANÇA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: ENTRE A PSICOLOGIA E A PEDAGOGIA
Authors: Lima Pereira Karla Raquel , Donizete Alves Fernando 
Published: December 2024

Este artigo, parte de uma pesquisa à nível de mestrado, objetiva identificar a compreensão das professoras sobre o papel do desenho das crianças da educação infantil, uma vez que essa linguagem gráfica está bastante presente no cotidiano das escolas da infância. O entendimento do desenho como linguagem deve-se pelo aporte teórico ancorado em autores(as) como Vigotski (2000a, 2000b, 2001, 2007), Mukhina (1995), Derdyk (2010), Iavelberg (2010, 2013, 2017) e Vecchi (2017). Adotou-se a pesquisa qualitativa, com uso da técnica de grupo focal com professoras atuantes numa escola comunitária de educação infantil da cidade de São Luís-Ma. Os dados foram organizados e analisados a partir da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2016). Constatou-se que as professoras concebem o desenho, predominantemente, com o cunho psicológico em detrimento do cunho pedagógico. Também o concebem como propulsor da imaginação e criatividade, cujo desenvolvimento é atrelado às vivências familiares, com a ausência de um olhar mais atento às próprias experiências escolares. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa indica a necessidade, por parte docente, da apropriação de conhecimentos teórico-metodológicos sobre o desenho, assim como conhecimentos culturais diversos para superação de uma visão limitada dessa linguagem visual, cujas múltiplas potencialidades de aprendizagens (cognitivas, expressivas e criativas) não são consideradas.
Short-term clinical outcomes on a new dual-taper wedge femoral stem in total hip replacement
Authors: Colome Daniel , Da Costa Antonio , Calpey Jacob , Gilmore Nathan , Courtney Jonathan B. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Short femoral stems have become increasingly popular in total hip arthroplasty (THA), offering potential advantages such as bone preservation and improved load transfer. The Everglade stem (Signature orthopedics Australia), a novel dual-tapered design, aims to enhance initial stability while minimizing complications such as subsidence and fracture. This study evaluates the short-term clinical and radiological outcomes of the Everglade stem.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 100 consecutive patients (41 men, 59 women; mean age 68 years) who underwent THA using the Everglade stem at the Delray beach surgical center, a physician-owned ambulatory surgical center (ASC), between December 2022 and January 2023. Pre-operative and post-operative hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS-Jr) data were collected. Radiological outcomes, including stem subsidence, periprosthetic fracture, and osteolysis, were assessed at the 6-week and 6-month follow-ups.
Results: The median follow-up was 161.5 days (IQR 43-187). The mean HOOS-Jr score improved from 57.07 pre-operatively to 86.03 at 6 weeks and 92.7 at the latest follow-up. No cases of stem subsidence, periprosthetic fracture, or osteolysis were observed at any follow-up. There were no stem revisions or postoperative infections.
Conclusions: The Everglade stem demonstrated promising short-term outcomes, with significant improvements in patient-reported functional scores and no radiological complications. Longer-term studies are needed to evaluate the stem’s durability and long-term performance.
Unilateral nasal mass beyond 4th decade: A comprehensive clinicopathological study
Authors: Narzary Musuka G , Saikia Prakash , G Kathiravan , Borgohain Rupam , Deka Alpana , Mukherjee Mangalik , Ali Karishma 
Published: December 2024

Unilateral nasal mass may be a common presentation in children and young adults, and the majority of them are inflammatory polyps. But as the age advances, unilateral nasal complaints should alert the physician to the possibility of an underlying neoplastic mass lesion. To study the etiopathology and clinical features of unilateral nasal mass in patients above 40 years of age. The study was conducted in the department of otorhinolaryngology, Tezpur Medical College & Hospital. A total of 27 patients with unilateral nasal mass who are above 40 years of age are included in the study. The clinical features, radiological findings, and histological findings of all the patients were evaluated. Among the 27 patients, 14 had non-neoplastic lesions compared to 13 neoplastic lesions. Inflammatory polyp was the most common non-neoplastic pathology, whereas inverted papilloma was the most common neoplastic lesion. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma was the commonest malignancy detected in the study. Though inflammatory polyp constitutes the majority of cases of unilateral nasal mass, there is a considerable number of neoplastic lesions, especially when considered age above 40 years. Therefore, one should not directly jump into the conclusion of inflammatory polyp when an elderly patient presents with unilateral nasal mass; rather, a thorough diagnostic protocol should be employed to rule out any neoplastic lesion. The diagnosis of inflammatory polyp should be a diagnosis by exclusion only after other possible causes are excluded.