bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental and occupational determinants of myelodysplastic syndrome: A case–control study from Pakistan
Authors: Anwar Nida , Arshad Aisha , Fatima Naveena , Shaheen Sumaira , Bukhari Sumera , Shamsi Tahir 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous group of haematopoietic stem cell disorders and have variable reduction in the production of red cells, platelets and mature granulocytes.AimWe conducted a case–control study evaluating the environmental and occupational determinants as risk factors of MDS.MethodsA case–control study was conducted including 150 de novo MDS cases and 450 age and gender‐matched controls. Disease characteristics, sociodemographics and exposure to environmental and occupational determinants were collected through a questionnaire. Chi‐square test was applied to observe association, and binary logistic regression was applied to predict the odds of having MDS.ResultsA total of 600 participants were analysed. Those who were exposed to arsenic (OR 31.81, CI: 19.0–53.0, P‐value: .000), benzene (OR 1.564, CI: 1.07–2.27, P‐value: .01) using natural source of water (OR 3.563, CI: 2.29–5.53, P‐value: .000) and smokers (OR 3.1, P‐value: .000) were more likely to have MDS. Unmarried were less likely to acquire MDS than married (OR 0.239, CI: 0.15–0.36, P‐value: .000), Sindhi speaking were 1.419 times more likely to have MDS than participants speaking other languages. Uneducated participants were more likely to have MDS than educated and powder milk users were more likely to have MDS than dairy milk users.ConclusionOur results revealed that arsenic, use of natural source of water and benzene exposure might lead to higher risk of acquiring MDS. This study would be helpful to understand the aetiology of disease in Pakistani population.
Diagnostic value of liquid‐based cytology test in intrathoracic lymph nodes and lung lesions sampled by endobronchial ultrasonography‐transbronchial needle aspiration
Authors: Erdogan‐Durmus Senay 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundsLiquid‐based cytology (LBC) has begun to be used in non‐gynecological samples such as endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA). This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value of LBC in intrathoracic lymph nodes and lung lesions sampled with EBUS‐TBNA.MethodsIn total, 174 cases that underwent EBUS‐TBNA between July 2020 and February 2021 were included (75 and 99 cases were prepared using conventional and LBC methods, respectively). The two groups were compared in terms of diagnostic categories, number of slides, cell blocks, slides per location, locations sampled, immunohistochemical studies, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy.ResultsThe percentages of malignant, suspicious for malignancy, benign, and non‐diagnostic (ND) cases were 51.8%, 1.1%, 39.6%, and 7.5%, respectively. The LBC and conventional group (CG) had similar rates in the diagnostic categories, except for ND (3.0% and 13.3%, respectively). The sensitivity of LBC and CG were 90.4% and 85.7%, respectively. There were no differences in the specificity and diagnostic accuracy between groups. There was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of the number of slides, number of slides per location, number of cell blocks, and locations sampled (p < .001, p < .001, p < .05, p < .05).ConclusionThe LBC technique can be used for samples taken with EBUS‐TBNA. Rapid fixation and the absence of artificial problems greatly reduce the rate of ND samples in LBC slides. Other important advantages are a lower number of slides to examine and a greater number of cell blocks.
Synthesis and Properties of the Octaboron Cluster Series hypercloso‐B8Cl8, the Radical Anion hypercloso‐[B8Cl8].− and the Dianion closo‐[B8Cl8]2−
Authors: Einholz Wolfgang , Hofmann Matthias , Schäfer Ronald , Wieloch Christoph , Keller Willi , Ströbele Markus , Meyer Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe synthesis, spectroscopic data, redox properties of B8Cl8, [B8Cl8].−, and [B8Cl8]2−, and the single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis of [Ph4P]+2 [B8Cl8]2− ⋅ CH3CN are described. Temperature‐dependent 11B NMR measurements and theoretical studies (DFT) concerning the fluxional behavior of [B8Cl8]2− will be discussed. – B8Cl8 reacts with reductants like iodide to the intense purple colored radical anion [B8Cl8].− which is formed as well from B8Cl8 by traces of water. The colorless dianion closo‐[B8Cl8]2− is obtained by the reaction of B8Cl8 or [B8Cl8].− with iodide. The single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis of [Ph4P]+2[B8Cl8]2− confirms the dodecahedral D2d structure of [B8Cl8]2−. The 11B NMR spectra of [B8Cl8]2− solutions show only one broad signal even at low temperatures due to the fast fluctuation of the [B8Cl8]2− polyhedron. The energy of the C2v structure isomer of [B8Cl8]2− was calculated by DFT methods to be only 0.6 kcal/mol higher in energy than the D2d form, and the activation barrier for the D2d to C2v transformation is predicted to be about 0.9 kcal/mol.
Can a rational expectation storage model explain the USDA ending grain stocks forecast errors?
Authors: Zhang Tianyang , Li Ziran 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe examine whether, and to what extent, a rational expectation storage model can be used to explain the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) ending stocks forecast errors for corn, soybean, and wheat. We show there is a predictable component of forecast errors from 1980/81 to 2018/19 that can partially be explained by the temporal basis and monthly stocks, two important factors from a rational expectation storage model that codetermines carry. The USDA ending stocks forecasts can be improved by 7.1%, 7.2%, and 4.5% for corn, soybean, and wheat, respectively. The improvement is most significant when the last year's carry is small.
The influence of organizational coaching context on pre‐coaching motivation and the role of regulatory focus: An experimental study
Authors: Bozer Gil , Delegach Marianna , Kotte Silja 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study responds to the call for a closer analysis of the role that contextual and individual factors play in workplace coaching as a context‐sensitive intervention. We build on theories of regulatory focus and training motivation, to propose and examine a model that explains employees' pre‐coaching motivation when assigned to workplace coaching. Specifically, we propose that the employees' perception of the organizational coaching context, as either developmental or remedial, contributes to their pre‐coaching motivation through employees' situational regulatory focus. Results of a scenario‐based experimental study (N = 175) demonstrated that organizational coaching context affects employees' situational regulatory foci beyond their chronic dispositions. Further, the indirect relationship between developmental organizational coaching context and pre‐coaching motivation was mediated by employee situational promotion focus. However, we did not find the hypothesized indirect relationship between remedial organizational coaching context and employee pre‐coaching motivation via employee situational prevention focus. The study highlights the important role that organizations' management and human resource development personnel play in the “kick‐off” of a workplace coaching intervention by shaping the context of coaching assignments prior to coaching. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the importance of including the organization's informal feedback to the employee prior to coaching as a key contractual element that contributes to coachees' pre‐coaching motivation. We conclude with implications for future workplace coaching research and practice.
Testicular seminoma arising from infertile testes 6 years after microdissection testicular sperm extraction
Authors: Shimizu Nobuhiko , Naiki Taku , Kobayashi Daichi , Naiki‐Ito Aya , Kawai Tatsuya , Xiaochen Kuang , Etani Toshiki , Nozaki Satoshi , Tomiyama Nami , Aoki Maria , Matsuyama Nayuka , Iwatsuki Shoichiro , Umemoto Yukihiro , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionIn Western countries, the risk of a testicular germ cell tumor in men with male factor infertility is greater than in the general population. However, Japanese data on this risk are lacking. Additionally, the clinical course for the pathogenesis involved has not been clearly characterized.Case presentationA 35‐year‐old Japanese male underwent a right orchiectomy because of a mass in his right scrotum. He had a previous history of microdissection testicular sperm extraction undertaken 6 years ago. The final diagnosis of the right scrotal mass was a stage I seminoma. However, a relapse occurred in the left inguinal lymph node 2 years after surgery and the patient was consequently treated with systemic chemotherapy. Pathological analysis of a microdissection testicular sperm extraction sample yielded a germ cell neoplasia in situ in the right testis.ConclusionIn Japan, men who seek an evaluation for infertility might be more likely to develop testicular germ cell tumor.
Association between serum lactate dehydrogenase and 60‐day mortality in Chinese Hakka patients with acute myeloid leukemia: A cohort study
Authors: Xiao Zuomiao , Gong Rongpeng , Chen Xianchun , Xiao Dejun , Luo Shi , Ji Yanhong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is evidence that a high level of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is associated with poorer overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but its link to 60‐day mortality of AML remains unclear.MethodsAll patients newly diagnosed with AML were included in this cohort study. LDH was measured for the first time after admission. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between serum LDH and 60‐day mortality. Interaction and stratified analyses were conducted including age, sex, albumin, glucose, myoglobin, and standard chemotherapy.ResultsThree hundred and seventy‐one patients ≥15 years of age, who were newly diagnosed with AML, were consecutively selected. The total prevalence of 60‐day mortality was 27.2% (101/371), while it was 32.1% (42/131) and higher than in the LDH ≥570U/L compared with the LDH<570U/L, with the prevalence of 24.6% (59/240); however, the difference was not statistically significant. In multivariate regression models, odd ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for Log2 and twice limit of normal (ULN) of LDH were 1.46 (1.0, 2.14) and 2.76 (1.24, 6.16), respectively. Interaction analysis revealed no interactive role in the association between LDH concentration and 60‐day mortality.ConclusionsSerum LDH level was associated with 60‐day mortality, especially for the patients with LDH ≥570U/L.
mRNA microarray profiling identifies a novel circulating HTRA2 for detection of gastric cancer
Authors: Wu Liangliang , Li Xiao , Chen Xin , Wu Fan , Sun Guangshun , Cheng Ye , Tang Weiwei , Zhang Wenling , Lv Chengyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundmRNAs have been shown to be critical biomarkers or therapeutic targets for human diseases. However, only a few of them have been studied as blood‐based biomarkers for gastric carcinoma (GC) detection.MethodsmRNA expression profiles for GC were screened using plasma samples from 10 GC patients with different TNM stages and 5 healthy individuals as controls. One candidate tumor‐related mRNA named HTRA2 was then evaluated in GC samples with quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). TCGAportal, UALCAN, and TISCH database were used to explore the function of HTRA2 in GC. Finally, the effect generated by HTRA2 expression on cell proliferating, invading, and migrating processes was assessed in vitro with knockdown and over‐expression strategies.ResultsHTRA2 displayed noticeable increase inside GC plasma compared with control cases. Higher expression of HTRA2 displayed a correlation to higher clinicopathological stage and worse prognosis. HTRA2 knocking down down‐regulated GC cells' proliferating, invading, and migrating states, while HTRA2 over‐expression exerted the inconsistent influence. HTRA2 protein, which may interact with PINK1, PARL, and CYCS, was mainly located in the mitochondria of cells and primarily involved cellular response and metabolic signaling pathway. Immune factors may interact with HTRA2 in GC, and HTRA2 was found noticeably linked with immunosuppressor such as CD274, IDO1, and TIGIT.ConclusionOne plasma HTRA2 can be an emerging diagnosis‐related biomarker to achieve GC detecting process, but the particular regulatory effect still needs to be further explored.
Comparative safety of mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines to influenza vaccines: A pharmacovigilance analysis using WHO international database
Authors: Kim Min Seo , Jung Se Yong , Ahn Jong Gyun , Park Se Jin , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Kronbichler Andreas , Koyanagi Ai , Dragioti Elena , Tizaoui Kalthoum , Hong Sung Hwi , Jacob Louis , Salem Joe‐Elie , Yon Dong Keon , Lee Seung Won , Ogino Shuji , Kim Hanna , Kim Jerome H. , Excler Jean‐Louis , Marks Florian , Clemens John D. , Eisenhut Michael , Barnett Yvonne , Butler Laurie , Ilie Cristian Petre , Shin Eui‐Cheol , Il Shin Jae , Smith Lee 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTwo messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines developed by Pfizer‐BioNTech and Moderna are being rolled out. Despite the high volume of emerging evidence regarding adverse events (AEs) associated with the COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines, previous studies have thus far been largely based on the comparison between vaccinated and unvaccinated control, possibly highlighting the AE risks with COVID‐19 mRNA vaccination. Comparing the safety profile of mRNA vaccinated individuals with otherwise vaccinated individuals would enable a more relevant assessment for the safety of mRNA vaccination. We designed a comparative safety study between 18 755 and 27 895 individuals who reported to VigiBase for adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with mRNA COVID‐19 and influenza vaccines, respectively, from January 1, 2020, to January 17, 2021. We employed disproportionality analysis to rapidly detect relevant safety signals and compared comparative risks of a diverse span of AEFIs for the vaccines. The safety profile of novel mRNA vaccines was divergent from that of influenza vaccines. The overall pattern suggested that systematic reactions like chill, myalgia, fatigue were more noticeable with the mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine, while injection site reactogenicity events were more prevalent with the influenza vaccine. Compared to the influenza vaccine, mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines demonstrated a significantly higher risk for a few manageable cardiovascular complications, such as hypertensive crisis (adjusted reporting odds ratio [ROR], 12.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.47–65.54), and supraventricular tachycardia (adjusted ROR, 7.94; 95% CI, 2.62–24.00), but lower risk of neurological complications such as syncope, neuralgia, loss of consciousness, Guillain‐Barre syndrome, gait disturbance, visual impairment, and dyskinesia. This study has not identified significant safety concerns regarding mRNA vaccination in real‐world settings. The overall safety profile patterned a lower risk of serious AEFI following mRNA vaccines compared to influenza vaccines.
Availability of phosphorus recovered from waste streams to plants cultivated in soilless growing media
Authors: Hauck Daniel , Lohr Dieter , Meinken Elke , Schmidhalter Urs 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundUsing secondary phosphorus (P) sources recovered from waste streams for base fertilization of soilless growing media may help conserve the global phosphate resources. However, little is known regarding the plant availability of P from secondary sources for soilless plant production.AimThe objective of this study was to investigate the plant availability of P from secondary sources using a peat‐based growing medium and standard extraction methods.MethodsSeventeen secondary P sources differing in terms of feedstock and processing were tested, and their fertilization efficacy was compared with that of water‐soluble monocalcium phosphate (MCP‐P) in a pot experiment using marigolds. The correlation of plant P uptake with calcium chloride + diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (CAT) and/or calcium–acetate–lactate (CAL) extractable P amount in the growing medium (PCAT and PCAL, respectively) was examined.ResultsOnly three of the 17 tested secondary P sources (all struvite forms) exhibited comparable fertilization efficacy to MCP‐P. The remaining sources showed P uptake varying between 4% and 91% of MCP‐P. For precipitates from liquid waste streams and untreated organic waste, except for sewage sludge and compost, the P uptake ranged from 71% to 100%. The highest variability (4%–86%) was observed for thermally and thermochemically treated secondary P sources. Plant P uptake was closely correlated with PCAT (R2 = 0.76) and PCAL (R2 = 0.78), and this correlation became even stronger when PCAT and PCAL were combined (R2 = 0.89).ConclusionsMost struvite forms meet the requirements of base P fertilization for soilless plant production and can substitute water‐soluble fertilizers obtained from primary P sources. The combination of PCAT and PCAL may be a promising approach to characterize the plant availability of P from secondary sources in soilless growing media and warrants further consideration.
Prophylactic Central Neck Dissection for Clinically Node‐Negative Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Alsubaie Khaled M. , Alsubaie Hemail M. , Alzahrani Faisal R. , Alessa Mohammad A. , Abdulmonem Sherif K. , Merdad Mazin A. , Al‐Khatib Talal , Marzouki Hani Z. , Algarni Mohammed A. , Alherabi Ameen Z. 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that scrutinized the oncological benefits and postsurgical complications of total thyroidectomy (TT) plus prophylactic central neck dissection (pCND) versus TT alone among clinically node‐negative (cN0) papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients.MethodsWe screened five databases from inception to September 4, 2021 and evaluated the risk of bias of the eligible studies. We pooled dichotomous outcomes using the risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsOverall, we included 5 RCTs with low risk of bias comprising 795 patients (TT plus pCND = 410 and TT alone = 385). With regard to efficacy endpoint, the rate of structural loco‐regional recurrence did not significantly differ between both groups (n = 4 RCTs, RR = 0.49, 95% CI [0.19, 1.27], P = .14). With regard to safety endpoints, the rates of hypoparathyroidism (n = 5 RCTs, RR = 1.48, 95% CI [0.73, 2.97], P = .27), recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (n = 5 RCTs, RR = 1.34, 95% CI [0.59, 3.03], P = .48), and bleeding (n = 3 RCTs, RR = 1.75, 95% CI [0.42, 7.26], P = .44) did not significantly differ between both groups.ConclusionFor cN0 PTC patients, there was no significant difference between TT plus pCND and TT alone with regard to the rate of structural loco‐regional recurrence or frequency of postsurgical complications. Adaptation of pCND in cN0 PTC patients should be contemplated by taking into consideration the clinical oncological benefits and rate of postsurgical adverse events.Level of Evidence1 Laryngoscope, 132:1320–1328, 2022
Short‐term effect of oil‐mulch on vegetation dynamics; Integration of ecological and remote sensing‐based approaches
Authors: Rostami Noredin , Karimi Haji , Tavakoli Mohsen , Omidipour Reza 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWind erosion is one of the results of desertification and is among the natural processes that mostly occur under dry conditions and high wind velocity. Using oil‐mulches is one of the common methods to stabilize sand dunes. The current study aimed to investigate the short‐term effects of oil‐mulch on vegetation attributes (i.e., cover and diversity) and rangeland condition score (RCS) using integrated ecological and remote sensing‐based approaches in arid regions in southwestern Iran. A vegetation survey was carried out in 2019 in the oil‐mulched and control area, and a remotely sensed vegetation index (MSAVI) was calculated for 2017 and 2019. The results indicate that 1 year after treatment, compared to the control area, vegetation cover (30 ± 17.11 vs. 17 ± 5.44%) and litter (4.6 ± 2.18 vs. 0.94 ± 1.55%) increased significantly in the oil‐mulched area, while bare soil (65.20 ± 17.34 vs. 82.31 ± 5.84%) decreased. Further, diversity indices (species evenness, Shannon, and Simpson indices) declined by applying oil‐mulch (88%, 63%, and 71%, respectively). The RCS was significantly higher in the oil‐mulched area than in the control area (22 ± 1.86 vs. 12 ± 0.88; p < 0.001). Comparing MSAVI between 2017 and 2019 showed that vegetation cover increased 44.8%. Based on the results, it can be suggested that planting native palatable species in an oil‐mulched area with the exclusion of livestock grazing is likely to increase the benefits of oil‐mulch treatment and will lead to better rangeland condition score.
Van der Waals Layered Mineral Getchellite with Anisotropic Linear and Nonlinear Optical Responses
Authors: Tripathi Ravi P. N. , Yang Xiaodong , Gao Jie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUltrathin ternary 2D materials have recently gained significant attention in the context of tailoring physical properties of materials via stoichiometric variation, which are crucial to many applications in optoelectronics, thermoelectrics, and nanophotonics. Herein, sulfide mineral getchellite is identified as a new type of ternary layered material and large‐area getchellite thin flakes are prepared through mechanical exfoliation. The highly anisotropic linear and nonlinear optical responses of getchellite thin flakes facilitated by the reduced in‐plane crystal symmetry are reported, including anisotropic Raman scattering, wavelength‐dependent linear dichroism transition, and anisotropic third‐harmonic generation (THG). Furthermore, the third‐order nonlinear susceptibility for getchellite crystal is retrieved from the thickness‐dependent THG emission. The demonstrated strong anisotropic linear and nonlinear optical properties of van der Waals layered getchellite will have implications for future technological innovations in photodetectors, optical sensors, nonlinear optical signal processors, and other on‐chip photonic device prototypes.
Unraveling the Excitonic Transition and Associated Dynamics in Confined Long Linear Carbon Chains with Time‐Resolved Resonance Raman Scattering
Authors: Zhu Jingyi , Bernhardt Robin , Cui Weili , German Raphael , Wagner Julian , Senkovskiy Boris V. , Grüneis Alexander , Pichler Thomas , Li Yuxuan , Li Xueyang , Wu Kaifeng , Liu Rulin , Zhu Xi , Van Loosdrecht Paul H. M. , Shi Lei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLong linear carbon chains are attracting intense interest arising from their remarkable properties, such as the tunable direct energy gap, the high mechanical hardness, and the high Raman response cross section, which would play a great role in their potential applications in future nanotechnology. Here the excitonic transitions and the associated relaxation dynamics of nanotube confined long linear carbon chains are comprehensively interrogated by using steady state and time‐resolved Raman spectroscopies. The exciton relaxation dynamics of the confined carbon chains occurs on a hundred of picoseconds timescale, in strong contrast to the host dynamics that occurs on a few picoseconds’ timescale. A prominent time‐resolved Raman response is observed over a broad energy range extending from 1.2 to 2.8 eV, which includes the strong Raman resonance region around 2.2 eV. Strong coupling between the chain and the nanotube host is found from the dynamics at high excitation energies which provides clear evidence for an efficient energy transfer from the host carbon nanotube to the chain. The experimental study presents the first unique characterization of the long linear carbon chain exciton dynamics, providing indispensable knowledge for the understanding of the interactions between different carbon allotropes.