bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compact optically pumped cesium beam atomic clock with a 5-day frequency stability of 7×10−15
Authors: He Xuan , Fang Shengwei , Yuan Zhichao , Xie Weibin , Chen Nan , Xiong Zezheng , Wang Qing , Qi Xianghui , Chen Xuzong 
Published: November 2021

Compared to other commercial atomic clocks in the time keeping field, the greatest advantage of cesium beam atomic clocks is their superior long-term stability. Compared to magnetic state-selection clocks, optically pumped cesium beam atomic clocks have more interacting atoms, which results in better stability potential. To achieve good long-term stability, we propose methods including stabilization of laser power and reconstruction of circuits. They play a key role in the long-term stability of cesium beam atomic clocks. After 75 days of continuous running and measurement, we released the 5-day stability results (7×10−15Allan deviation) of our optically pumped cesium beam atomic clock. To the best of our knowledge, this is the best 5-day stability result ever reported for compact optically pumped cesium beam atomic clocks.
Consumption of coffee and tea and risk of developing stroke, dementia, and poststroke dementia: A cohort study in the UK Biobank
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Yang Hongxi , Li Shu , Li Wei-dong , Wang Yaogang 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundPrevious studies have revealed the involvement of coffee and tea in the development of stroke and dementia. However, little is known about the association between the combination of coffee and tea and the risk of stroke, dementia, and poststroke dementia. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations of coffee and tea separately and in combination with the risk of developing stroke and dementia.Methods and findingsThis prospective cohort study included 365,682 participants (50 to 74 years old) from the UK Biobank. Participants joined the study from 2006 to 2010 and were followed up until 2020. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the associations between coffee/tea consumption and incident stroke and dementia, adjusting for sex, age, ethnicity, qualification, income, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, alcohol status, smoking status, diet pattern, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), history of cancer, history of diabetes, history of cardiovascular arterial disease (CAD), and hypertension. Coffee and tea consumption was assessed at baseline. During a median follow-up of 11.4 years for new onset disease, 5,079 participants developed dementia, and 10,053 participants developed stroke. The associations of coffee and tea with stroke and dementia were nonlinear (Pfor nonlinear <0.01), and coffee intake of 2 to 3 cups/d or tea intake of 3 to 5 cups/d or their combination intake of 4 to 6 cups/d were linked with the lowest hazard ratio (HR) of incident stroke and dementia. Compared with those who did not drink tea and coffee, drinking 2 to 3 cups of coffee and 2 to 3 cups of tea per day was associated with a 32% (HR 0.68, 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.79;P< 0.001) lower risk of stroke and a 28% (HR, 0.72, 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.89;P= 0.002) lower risk of dementia. Moreover, the combination of coffee and tea consumption was associated with lower risk of ischemic stroke and vascular dementia. Additionally, the combination of tea and coffee was associated with a lower risk of poststroke dementia, with the lowest risk of incident poststroke dementia at a daily consumption level of 3 to 6 cups of coffee and tea (HR, 0.52, 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.83;P= 0.007). The main limitations were that coffee and tea intake was self-reported at baseline and may not reflect long-term consumption patterns, unmeasured confounders in observational studies may result in biased effect estimates, and UK Biobank participants are not representative of the whole United Kingdom population.ConclusionsWe found that drinking coffee and tea separately or in combination were associated with lower risk of stroke and dementia. Intake of coffee alone or in combination with tea was associated with lower risk of poststroke dementia.
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Brazilian version of the Cystic Fibrosis Knowledge Scale (CFKS)
Authors: Monteiro Karolinne Souza , Santino Thayla Amorim , Pakhale Smita , Balfour Louise , Pereira Pinto de Mendonça Karla Morganna 
Published: November 2021

Background
Information on the level of knowledge about cystic fibrosis (CF) among affected people and their families is still scarce.

Objective
This study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt and analyze the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of Cystic Fibrosis Knowledge Scale (CFKS).

Materials and methods
The translation and cross-cultural adaptation involved the stages of translation, synthesis of translations, reverse translation, synthesis of reverse translations, review by a multi-professional committee of experts and pre-testing. The reliability, viability, construct, predictive, concurrent and discriminant validity were investigated.

Results
The sample consisted of 40 individuals with cystic CF, 47 individuals with asthma, 242 healthcare workers and 81 students from the health area. The Brazilian version of the CFKS presented high internal consistency (α = 0.91), moderate floor and ceiling effects, without differences in the test-retest scores. An analysis of factorial exploration identified three dimensions. Confirmatory factor analysis led to an acceptable data-model fit. There was good predictive validity, with a difference in the scores among all the evaluated groups (p <0.001), as well as good discriminant validity since individuals with asthma had greater knowledge of asthma compared to CF (r = 0.401, p = 0.005; r2 = 0.162). However, there was no difference between the diagnosis time and knowledge about CF (r = -0.25, p = 0.11; r2 = 0.06), either between treatment adherence and knowledge about CF (r = -0.04, p = 0.77; r2 = 0.002).

Conclusion
The Brazilian version of the CFKS indicated that the scale is able to provide valid, reliable and reproducible measures for evaluating the knowledge about CF.
Atrial fibrillation detection in outpatient electrocardiogram monitoring: An algorithmic crowdsourcing approach
Authors: Bahrami Rad Ali , Galloway Conner , Treiman Daniel , Xue Joel , Li Qiao , Sameni Reza , Albert Dave , Clifford Gari D. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia associated with stroke, blood clots, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and/or death. Multiple methods have been proposed for AFib detection, with varying performances, but no single approach appears to be optimal. We hypothesized that each state-of-the-art algorithm is appropriate for different subsets of patients and provides some independent information. Therefore, a set of suitably chosen algorithms, combined in a weighted voting framework, will provide a superior performance to any single algorithm.

Methods
We investigate and modify 38 state-of-the-art AFib classification algorithms for a single-lead ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring device. All algorithms are ranked using a random forest classifier and an expert-labeled training dataset of 2,532 recordings. The seven top-ranked algorithms are combined by using an optimized weighting approach.

Results
The proposed fusion algorithm, when validated on a separate test dataset consisting of 4,644 recordings, resulted in an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.99. The sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive-value (PPV), negative-predictive-value (NPV), and F1-score of the proposed algorithm were 0.93, 0.97, 0.87, 0.99, and 0.90, respectively, which were all superior to any single algorithm or any previously published.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates how a set of well-chosen independent algorithms and a voting mechanism to fuse the outputs of the algorithms, outperforms any single state-of-the-art algorithm for AFib detection. The proposed framework is a case study for the general notion of crowdsourcing between open-source algorithms in healthcare applications. The extension of this framework to similar applications may significantly save time, effort, and resources, by combining readily existing algorithms. It is also a step toward the democratization of artificial intelligence and its application in healthcare.
Green-synthesized silver nanoparticles with aqueous extract of green algae Chaetomorpha ligustica and its anticancer potential
Authors: Al-Zahrani Sabah Ahmed , Bhat Ramesa Shafi , Al Rashed Sarah A. , Mahmood Amer , Al Fahad Ahmed , Alamro Ghadah , Almusallam Jamilah , Al Subki Roua , Orfali Raha , Al Daihan Sooad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Marine green algae are rich in various bioactive components with known anticancer activity. Some anticancer drugs present in green algae are in clinical trials nowadays. Algae-mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been of a great interest in cancer treatment due to their unique physico-chemical properties. In this study, we evaluate the anticancer efficiency of marine alga Chaetomorpha ligustica collected from the Arabian Gulf against colon cancer cell lines HT29 and HCT116. The anticancer potential of biosynthesized AgNPs from C. ligustica extract is also reported. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses were used to identify the phytoconstituents present in algae extract. The synthesized AgNPs were confirmed via UV-Vis spectroscopy, whereas their morphology and stability were recorded by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential, and zetasizer. We recorded absorption peak at 420 nm; TEM images showed an average size of 8.8 nm, whereas zeta potential and zetasizer study showed aggregation of nanoparticles. FTIR spectroscopy peaks of C. ligustica AgNPs were a little different from those of the C. ligustica extract. Both extracts showed cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, but nanoparticles were found to be more toxic than algae extract. HT29 was found to be more sensitive than HCT116. For the first time, species of C. ligustica have been used and reported for the synthesis of nanoparticles. C. ligustica and its biogenic nanoparticles need to be scaled up for many biomedical applications especially in cancer research.
Creation, Fall and Political Order — Prussian Conservatism and the Old Testament
Authors: Achtelstetter Laura C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article examines differences within the theological basis of early nineteenth-century Prussian conservatism. By exploring the usage of the Old Testament in the writings of conservative thought leaders Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg, Ernst Ludwig von Gerlach, and Friedrich Julius Stahl, this article contributes to scholarship of both traditions of biblical interpretation and that of the relation of theology and political theory. The focus of this article centers on three concepts of the Old Testament and their implementation in conservative political doctrine. I will discuss Hengstenberg’s concept of biblical historicity and unity of Scripture, Gerlach’s use of the Old Testament as the source of a role model for just religious wars and a theocratic concept of law, as well as Stahl’s bible-based political philosophy of history and the resulting model of political order. Thus, the basis for different, resulting concepts of church, state, and nation that were merged into an overall religion-based political conservative doctrine in pre-1848 Prussia are analyzed.
Crossing the light line
Authors: Pendry John , Huidobro Paloma , Silveirinha Mario , Galiffi Emanuele 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We ask the question “what happens to Bloch waves in gratings synthetically moving at near the speed of light?”. First we define a constant refractive index (CRI) model in which Bloch waves remain well defined as they break the light barrier, then show their dispersion rotating through 360° from negative to positive and back again. Next we introduce the effective medium approximation (EMA) then refine it into a 4-wave model which proves to be highly accurate. Finally using the Bloch waves to expand a pulse of light we demonstrate sudden inflation of pulse amplitude combined with reversal of propagation direction as a luminal grating is turned on.
Translation skills required by Master’s graduates for employment: Which are needed, which are not?
Authors: Hao Yu , Pym Anthony 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThere is ongoing debate about which skills translation students require for employment. Numerous “bridge the gap” studies draw on translation professionals in order to list the skills that graduates should have acquired. However, many of the available surveys indicate, with some regularity, that only a minority of graduates from Master’s programs in translation actually find stable employment in the translation industry. Here we report on a survey of graduates from the University of Melbourne and the skills that they say they require once in employment. The graduates who are employed in the translation industry prioritize skills that are significantly different from those prioritized by graduates employed in other sectors. This raises an underlying question of whether we are training for an industry or for society.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, SKIN IRRITAION POTENTIAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CLOVE LEAF OIL FROM WEST JAVA INDONESIA
Authors: Rahmi Dwinna , Yunilawati Retno , Setiawati Ira , Irwinanita Irwinanita , Jati Bumiarto Nugroho , Riyanto Arief , Yemirta Yemirta , Aidha Novi Nur 
Published: November 2021

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, SKIN IRRITATON POTENTIAL, AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CLOVE LEAF OIL FROM WEST JAVA INDONESIA. Essential oils with specific chemical compositions have the potential as a source of antioxidants in cosmetics, however, in general, essential oils are not safe because of the potential for skin irritation. This study aims is to perform fractionation to obtain clove oil with a chemical composition that is safe on the skin and does not reduce its antioxidant activity. Fractionation was performed at a temperature of 100 – 285 oC. Chemical composition was determined by Mass Chromatography Spectrometry (GC-MS), antioxidant activity by DPPH method, and irritation potential by in-vivo patch test. The results showed chemical components of clove oil were eugenol, copaene, beta caryophyllene, iso-eugenol, alpha caryophyllene, cadinene, caryophyllene oxide, caryophylla and beta caryophylla. Fractions with chemical compositions of eugenol and beta caryophyllene as the main components and copaene, iso-eugenol, alpha caryophyllene, cadinene as secondary components have very light erythema and no potential irritation to the skin. The fraction produced from the fractionation of crude clove oil at a temperature of 235 – 260 oC has the highest antioxidant activity of 10.17 mg/L.
Monetary Reform of G.Ya. Sokolnikov
Authors: Rogachevskaya Maya 
Published: November 2021

The article covers the transformations in the sphere of commodity-money relations during establishment of Soviet power. The period under review starts from the chaotic monetary policy in the first post-revolutionary years with attempts to abandon money exchange to the period of creating stable money circulation in the country. NEP brings positive changes, when trade resumes, monetary wages are required, and a for-profit model (khozraschyot) is established. Theoretically, the advantage of a fixed equivalent of value is proved, and stable money is needed, the basis of which is gold. The State Bank is restored. It becomes possible to issue a bank card backed by gold. Under the People's Commissariat of Finance, a Currency Department is created. G. Ya. Sokolnikov is appointed to the post of People's Commissar, a group of specialists is selected, among them N. Kutler, L. Yurovsky, V. Tarnovsky. The reform begins with the implementation of two denominations that have eliminated many varieties of banknotes and reduced their number. The chervonets becomes the main monetary unit, which has a gold content and security. In 1924, the reform is completed. The Soviet Union is able to restore the national economy. The article states that the reform proved the viability of the Soviet currency, as well as the high qualification and theoretical training of its performers. Being in more difficult conditions than other countries participating in the First World War, the Soviet Union carried out monetary reform before them and with a higher result.
Mapeamento dos casos de feminicídio em Teresina, Piauí, como uma estratégia de desenvolvimento de política pública local
Authors: Santana Roseane Carvalho , França Francisca Maria da Silva , Santana Rosane da Silva , Fontes Francisco Lucas de Lima 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to map cases of femicide in Teresina, capital of the state of Piauí, in Brazil, which occurred in 2017 to support the development of public policies to prevent femicide. Methods: a retrospective quantitative study of documentary type conducted through the Secretariat of Public Security of the State of Piauí with data referring to cases of femicide that occurred in capital of the state, Teresina, in the year 2017. The study sample consisted of twelve police reports and inquiries typified as feminicide, with victims and their aggressor’s data. Data collection took place between March and May of 2018 and was performed using a semi-structured form. Data were only collected after approval by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: the aggressors and the victims had the same age group, but the percentage of the aggressors' age group was higher (58,3%). Regarding race/color, 41,7% of the victims were white, while 58,3% of the aggressors were black. It was found that 66,7% of femicide victims did not have a marital status. Regarding the place of occurrence, 67% of femicides occurred in the victim's own residence and physical strength was the main resource for the consummation of cases of femicide (42%). Conclusion: it is important to reflect that the cases of violence against women and feminicide will not be solved only with laws and prisons. An early awareness of the whole society is necessary to reduce negligent, discriminatory, and violent conducts against women.
Evaluation of the efficiency of teaching future informatics teachers in computer networks based on modeling of networks.
Authors: Zhabayev Yermakhan , Bidaibekov Esen , Sharmukhanbet Saltanat , Gulnar Arynova , Shekerbekova Shirinkyz 
Published: November 2021

When organizing training in computer networks on real equipment, educational institutions face organizational, technical and material difficulties. Using network modeling, the above difficulties can be avoided in teaching future informatics teachers about computer networks. The aim of the research was to prove the effectiveness of teaching future informatics teachers to computer networks based on network modeling. The method of theoretical analysis is carried out in order to comprehensively study the state of the problem under consideration. A pedagogical experiment has been conducted for evaluating the efficiency of teaching computer networks based on modeling. The study has been organized in experimental and control groups. Mathematical statistics were used for the analysis. In the course of the study, it was found that the development and implementation of the proposed teaching methodology provides an opportunity for full and high-quality training of future informatics teachers in the field of computer networks, which allows them to solve professional problems in the design, maintenance, configuration and administration of computer networks.
Keywords: programming environment; informatics teacher; network technologies; teaching methods; informatization.
Perfectionism among talented students and its relationship to their Self-Esteem
Authors: Mohammad Alshurman Wael , Igdifan Al-Saree Ihsan , Abdullah Al Khateeb Akif 
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to investigate perfectionism among talented students and its relationship to their self-esteem. Eighty-nine male and female talented students in King Abdullah II Schools for Excellence in Jordan were administered. Big Three Perfectionism Scale and Self-Esteem Scale to Rosenberg were used based on arithmetic mean, standard deviations, T-test for independent samples and Pearson correlation. The results indicate that the levels of three types of perfectionism and self-esteem are medium among students of King Abdullah II Schools for Excellence; also, there are no statistically significant differences between male and female students on Rigid Perfectionism and Narcissistic Perfectionism, while there are statistically significant differences between male and female students in Self-Critical Perfectionism and there are no statistically significant differences for Pearson Correlation to Rigid Perfectionism and Narcissistic Perfectionism on self-esteem; however, there are negative statistically significant differences for Pearson Correlation to Self-critical Perfectionism on self-esteem.
Keywords: Perfectionism, self-esteem, talented students.
Development and evaluation of a new model for person-centred goal setting using practice development and appreciative inquiry approaches in a rehabilitation unit
Authors:   Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Drayton Nicola , Stulz Virginia ,   Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Blake Kirsty , Gilbert Tracy 
Published: November 2021

Background: This article explores the use of a mixed-methods participatory approach to bring about transformative change to goal setting in an 18-bed, subacute rehabilitation unit in New South Wales. Aim: To use a blended approach underpinned by practice development and appreciative inquiry approaches, to develop and evaluate a model of person-centred goal setting for rehabilitation clients. Methods: Evaluative methods were co-designed and co-agreed by members of the rehabilitation team, based on what the team hoped to achieve in terms of establishing goals for clients in their care and what this meant to clients and each other. Data sources included team discussions, semi-structured interviews with individual team members and clients, a survey and stories using emotional touchpoints. Interpretation of the data involved content analysis for generation of themes and the use of Statistical Package for Social Science software for analysis of the survey. Results: Nine themes emerged. Clients highlighted: barriers to goal achievement; incorporation of goals into daily care; goal achievement; and a sense of purpose. The rehabilitation team highlighted: becoming person-centred; their role in goal setting; and barriers to establishing goals. The survey responses showed the team used person-centred approaches to achieve person-centred goals. Conclusion: Changes to goal setting allowed staff to feel person-centred in their care delivery and gave them the satisfaction of knowing they were doing something meaningful for those in their care. There was strong agreement that a unified team approach to goal setting was key to client satisfaction and achievement of the goals. Clients felt valued and included in making decisions surrounding their care. Implications for practice: •	Using the practice development principle of developing collaborative partnerships among healthcare teams leads to greater involvement of clients in their care •	Involving clients in goal setting leads to greater success and improved client satisfaction •	Appreciative inquiry and practice development approaches are effective in developing partnerships between team members •	Staff who treat clients with dignity and respect improve participation in goal setting by the clients •	Creating a space in which the emotional needs of clients can be heard and acted on is crucial for success in goal achievement •	Appreciative inquiry generates a greater appreciation and understanding of how to deliver person-centred care