bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KCNQ variants and pain modulation: a missense variant in Kv7.3 contributes to pain resilience
Authors: Yuan Jun-Hui , Estacion Mark , Mis Malgorzata A , Tanaka Brian S , Schulman Betsy R , Chen Lubin , Liu Shujun , Dib-Hajj Fadia B , Dib-Hajj Sulayman D , Waxman Stephen G 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
There is a pressing need for understanding of factors that confer resilience to pain. Gain-of-function mutations in sodium channel Nav1.7 produce hyperexcitability of dorsal root ganglion neurons underlying inherited erythromelalgia, a human genetic model of neuropathic pain. While most individuals with erythromelalgia experience excruciating pain, occasional outliers report more moderate pain. These differences in pain profiles in blood-related erythromelalgia subjects carrying the same pain-causative Nav1.7 mutation and markedly different pain experience provide a unique opportunity to investigate potential genetic factors that contribute to inter-individual variability in pain. We studied a patient with inherited erythromelalgia and a Nav1.7 mutation (c.4345T&gt;G, p. F1449V) with severe pain as is characteristic of most inherited erythromelalgia patients, and her mother who carries the same Nav1.7 mutation with a milder pain phenotype. Detailed six-week daily pain diaries of pain episodes confirmed their distinct pain profiles. Electrophysiological studies on subject-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neurons from each of these patients showed that the excitability of these cells paralleled their pain phenotype. Whole-exome sequencing identified a missense variant (c.2263C&gt;T, p. D755N) in KCNQ3 (Kv7.3) in the pain resilient mother. Voltage-clamp recordings showed that co-expression of Kv7.2-wild type (WT)/Kv7.3-D755N channels produced larger M-currents than that of Kv7.2-WT/Kv7.3-WT. The difference in excitability of the patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neurons was mimicked by modulating M-current levels using the dynamic clamp and a model of the mutant Kv7.2-WT/Kv7.3-D755N channels. These results show that a ‘pain-in-a-dish’ model can be used to explicate genetic contributors to pain, and confirm that KCNQ variants can confer pain resilience via an effect on peripheral sensory neurons.
Quality of Service Estimation Enabled With Trust-Based Resource Allocation in Collaborative Cloud Using Improved Grey Wolf Optimization
Authors: Pol Pooja Shashank , Pachghare Vinod K 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Collaborative cloud computing utilizes information technology to successfully provide service over the network and serve the end users with tremendously stronger computational capability and enormous memory space at lower costs. Moreover, providing highly trustworthy service is the most fundamental task even on this platform. So far, only some contributions are there that meet the requirements of trust computing in this scenario. This proposal estimates the Quality of Service and trust by analyzing the system behavior using a new trust computing model. This is handled using Neural Network model. Further, a parallel resource matching framework is introduced using the concept of MapReduce concept, thereby the resource allocation is performed without any conflicts. Particularly, the resource allocation is performed precisely by optimization logic, where an Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer is introduced to do the same. In fact, the proposed algorithm is the enhanced version of traditional Grey Wolf Optimizer. Finally, the performance of the projected model is compared over other state-of-the-art models concerning different performance measures.
Interest clustering coefficient: a new metric for directed networks like Twitter
Authors: Trolliet Thibaud , Cohen Nathann , Giroire Frédéric , Hogie Luc , Pérennes Stéphane 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe clustering coefficient has been introduced to capture the social phenomena that a friend of a friend tends to be my friend. This metric has been widely studied and has shown to be of great interest to describe the characteristics of a social graph. But, the clustering coefficient is originally defined for a graph in which the links are undirected, such as friendship links (Facebook) or professional links (LinkedIn). For a graph in which links are directed from a source of information to a consumer of information, it is no more adequate. We show that former studies have missed much of the information contained in the directed part of such graphs. In this article, we introduce a new metric to measure the clustering of directed social graphs with interest links, namely the interest clustering coefficient. We compute it (exactly and using sampling methods) on a very large social graph, a Twitter snapshot with 505 million users and 23 billion links, as well as other various datasets. We additionally provide the values of the formerly introduced directed and undirected metrics, a first on such a large snapshot. We observe a higher value of the interest clustering coefficient than classic directed clustering coefficients, showing the importance of this metric. By studying the bidirectional edges of the Twitter graph, we also show that the interest clustering coefficient is more adequate to capture the interest part of the graph while classic ones are more adequate to capture the social part. We also introduce a new model able to build random networks with a high value of interest clustering coefficient. We finally discuss the interest of this new metric for link recommendation.
Does Habituation Affect the Efficacy of Semiochemical Oviposition Repellents Developed Against Drosophila suzukii?
Authors: Stockton Dara G , Cha Dong H , Loeb Greg M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The application of feeding and oviposition repellents is limited to arthropod systems in which habituation does not occur. Although several compounds appear to reduce Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Dipetra: Drosophilidae) oviposition in berries, previous studies have yet to address whether habituation is a significant risk following preexposure. We tested the response of adult female D. suzukii to three previously identified semiochemical oviposition repellents, 1-octen-3-ol (octenol), ±-geosmin, and 2-n-pentylfuran, following adult and larval preexposure. Using a two-choice gated trap capture assay, we assessed captures in repellent-treated versus blank traps, female survival, and oviposition frequency in the selected trap. We did not find evidence of habituation to octenol or 2-pentylfuran in adult flies preexposed for 24, 48, or 72 hr. When exposed to each of the repellents as larvae, D. suzukii showed similar deterrence as those exposed as adults alone. However, mortality did decrease in F1 octenol treated flies. In contrast with previous investigations we did not observe repellent effects in response to geosmin. Our results suggest that neither exposure during the adult life stage nor during larval development inhibited the effectiveness of octenol and 2-pentylfuran. However, greater survivorship on octenol treated baits in F1 flies, combined with apparent neurotoxic effects of this compound, indicate that octenol may be less suited for field applications. For this reason, 2-pentylfuran appears to be a better candidate for ongoing research aimed at developing an effective push–pull system of behavioral management.
Engineering of molybdenum-cofactor-dependent nitrate assimilation in Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Perli Thomas , Borodina Irina , Daran Jean-Marc 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Engineering a new metabolic function in a microbial host can be limited by the availability of the relevant cofactor. For instance, in Yarrowia lipolytica, the expression of a functional nitrate reductase is precluded by the absence of molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis. In this study, we demonstrated that the Ogataea parapolymorpha Moco biosynthesis pathway combined with the expression of a high affinity molybdate transporter could lead to the synthesis of Moco in Y. lipolytica. The functionality of Moco was demonstrated by expression of an active Moco-dependent nitrate assimilation pathway from the same yeast donor, O. parapolymorpha. In addition to 11 heterologous genes, fast growth on nitrate required adaptive laboratory evolution which, resulted in up to 100-fold increase in nitrate reductase activity and in up to 4-fold increase in growth rate, reaching 0.13h-1. Genome sequencing of evolved isolates revealed the presence of a limited number of non-synonymous mutations or small insertions/deletions in annotated coding sequences. This study that builds up on a previous work establishing Moco synthesis in S. cerevisiae demonstrated that the Moco pathway could be successfully transferred in very distant yeasts and, potentially, to any other genera, which would enable the expression of new enzyme families and expand the nutrient range used by industrial yeasts.
The long history of child sponsorship, c.1700–1950
Authors: Kaell Hillary 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The invention of child sponsorship, a fundraising tool that raises billions of dollars a year for global projects, is widely credited to the Save the Children Fund in 1919. This article is the first to revise that history, as it follows sponsorship through multiple iterations across more than two centuries. Doing so, it uncovers sponsorship’s roots in transatlantic Protestant missionary networks that combined new theologies of child saving with early capitalism’s ‘share holding’ system. Turning to the early twentieth century, it then shows how sponsorship mobilized ‘non-sectarian’ Christianity to lend authority to humanitarian appeals while opening up broader markets.
The 2001 ILC Articles on State Responsibility—An Annotated Bibliography
Authors: Gore Kiran Nasir , Alvarez Dr Gloria M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this Special Issue, commemorating the twentieth anniversary of the International Law Commission’s Draft Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, as adopted in August 2001 (‘ILC Articles’ or ‘ARSIWA’), we curate a bibliography annotating important contributions to scholarship and literature concerning the ILC Articles. It is organized topically, including focus on attribution, elements of international breach (including acts, omissions, defences and justifications), the State–individual relationship, State responsibility for judicial acts, various redress doctrines and contributory fault. Each entry is accompanied by a few comments. This annotated bibliography aims to be useful to practitioners and scholars alike, as it presents a centralized corpus of relevant literature, reflecting the topics that have captured popular interest, while also illuminating possible gaps where further scholarly attention is needed.
On Conjugates and the Asymptotic Distortion of One-Dimensional C1+bv Diffeomorphisms
Authors: Navas Andrés 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We show that a $C^{1+bv}$ circle diffeomorphism with absolutely continuous derivative and irrational rotation number can be conjugated to diffeomorphisms that are $C^{1+bv}$ arbitrary close to the corresponding rotation. This improves a theorem of M. Herman, who established the same result but starting with a $C^2$ diffeomorphism. We prove that the same holds for countable Abelian groups of circle diffeomorphisms acting freely, a result that is new even in the $C^{\infty }$ context. Related results and examples concerning the asymptotic distortion of diffeomorphisms are presented. Along this path, we provide a straightened version of the classical Denjoy–Kocsma inequality for absolutely continuous potentials.$\hfill$In memory of Jean-Christophe Yoccoz
Improving first-pass success rates during emergency intubation at an academic emergency department: a quality improvement initiative
Authors: Bakhsh Abdullah , Alharbi Ahd , Almehmadi Raghad , Kamfar Sara , Aldhahri Arwa , Aledeny Ahmed , Ashour Yasmeen , Khojah Imad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Airway management is a high-stakes procedure in emergency medicine. Continuously monitoring this procedure allows performance improvement while revealing safety issues. We instituted a quality improvement initiative in the emergency department to improve first-pass success rates in the emergency department.

Methods
This was a quality improvement initiative at an academic emergency department from 2018 to 2020. We developed a rapid sequence intubation guideline for procedure standardization and introduced an intubation procedure note for performance monitoring. Data were entered directly by the primary physician and nurse during intubation. The quality improvement team thereafter collected the data retrospectively and entered into a local airway database. More importantly, we introduced a culture of quality improvement and safety in airway management via regular education and feedback.

Results
We included a total of 146 intubations. The first-pass success rate started at 57.1% and increased to 80.0% during the study period (P &lt; 0.01). Fifty-six percent were male, and the mean age (±SD) was 55.56 (±17.64). Video laryngoscopy was used in 101 (69.2%) patients, while direct laryngoscopy was used in only 44 (30.8%) patients. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent factors associated with first-pass success. These factors included the use of video laryngoscopy (odds ratio (OR) 2.47 95% confidence interval (95% CI) [1.62–3.76]) (adjusted OR 3.87 [1.13–13.23]) and good Cormack–Lehane views (grades 1–2) (OR 2.71 95% CI [1.74–4.20]) (adjusted OR 7.88 [2.43–25.53]).

Conclusion
Our study shows that implementing and maintaining an airway quality improvement program improves first-pass intubation success. Moreover, the use of video laryngoscopy and obtaining good Cormack–Lehane views (grades 1–2) are independently associated with improved first-pass success.
Deep engagement and public opinion toward the United States: U.S. military presence and threat perceptions
Authors: Shinomoto Sou 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Under what conditions are a country’s residents likely to express favorable or unfavorable attitudes toward the United States? I discuss this question using survey data from 38 countries, focusing on the possible impacts that the active approach by the United States toward security threats has on the psychology of countries’ residents. The results show that the larger the U.S. military presence in a country, the more likely that its residents are to express negative attitudes toward the United States. Meanwhile, citizens who feel threatened by specific types of global actors that the U.S. government actively confronts as security threats are less likely to express negative attitudes toward the United States, and particularly less likely to do so the larger the U.S. military presence in their country. These findings contribute significantly to understanding the shifts in the socio-political dynamics of regions such as the Asia-Pacific, where the United States has long implemented an active approach.
Voices in the Background: Environmental Degradation and Climate Change as Driving Forces of Violence Against Indigenous Women
Authors: Csevár Szilvia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAdopted on the fifteenth anniversary of resolution 1325, Security Council resolution 2242 has recognized for the first time the substantial link between climate change and the “Women, Peace and Security” (WPS) framework. Despite this landmark resolution, the intersections of environmental factors, conflict and violence against women remain largely absent from the Security Council's WPS agenda. Competition over natural resources is generally understood as a driver of conflict. The risk of insecurity and conflict are further increased by environmental degradation and climate change. It is therefore clear that the environment and natural resources must be integrated into the WPS agenda. This should necessarily include a discussion of indigenous rights to land and the gender-related dimensions of environmental factors. Indigenous women are disproportionately affected by environmental degradation, caused by resource extraction and increasingly compounded by climatic changes. This in turn exacerbates other vulnerabilities, including sexual and gender-based violence and other forms of marginalization. This article argues, by reference to the situation in West Papua, that unfettered resource extraction not only amplifies vulnerabilities and exacerbates preexisting inequalities stemming from colonial times, it also gives rise to gendered consequences flowing from the damage wreaked on the natural environment and thus poses a danger to international peace and security. As such, the Security Council's failure to recognize the continuous struggle of women in indigenous and rural communities against extractive economies and climate change impact as a security risk forms a serious lacuna within its WPS agenda.
Taking the Research Experience Seriously: A Framework for Reflexive Applied Research in Development
Authors: Krystalli Roxani , Hoffecker Elizabeth , Leith Kendra , Wilson Kim 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Interdisciplinary scholarly literature considers how research processes may adversely affect their participants. Building on this work, this article addresses the processes and practices of applied research in contexts in which imbalances of power exist between researchers and those being researched. We argue that research activities in international development and humanitarian work that are typically operational, such as needs assessments, baseline studies, and monitoring and evaluation, represent interventions in the lives of participants, with the potential to create value or harm, delight or distress. The ethical and methodological dilemmas of this intervention have received less attention than purely academic discussions of human subject research. How can applied researchers meaningfully reckon with the effects of the research process on both those conducting it and those participating in it throughout the research cycle? In response, we introduce an approach co-developed over seven years through engagement with applied researchers across sectors. We discuss four interrelated principles—relevance, respect, right-sizing, and rigor—intended to invite a commitment to ongoing process improvement in the conduct of applied research. We also propose a framework to guide the implementation of these principles and illustrate the tensions that may arise in the process of its application. These contributions extend conversations about research ethics and methods to the operational research realm, as well as provide concrete tools for reflecting on the processes of operational research as sites of power that ought to be considered as seriously as the findings of data collection activities.
Design Strategies for Collaborative Learning in Tangible Tabletops: Positive Interdependence and Reflective Pauses
Authors: Wise Alyssa Friend , Antle Alissa N , Warren Jillian
L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This mixed methods study examined the impact of two design strategies on interactional processes in a collaborative tangible-tabletop land-use planning simulation. Twenty pairs of fifth grade children used the simulation to create a world they would want to live in. To investigate the impact of positive interdependence half the pairs were assigned one of two roles, each with an associated set of tangible ‘land-use’ stamp tools. All pairs were given access to pause and reflect tools. Quantitative results showed that children in the positive interdependence condition gave more one-way explanations to their partners than control pairs. They also had fewer but longer instances of bilaterally resolved conflict. Qualitative findings indicated the importance of pause and reflect tools for provoking explanations and resolving conflict. This study has revealed important considerations for the instantiation of positive interdependence and reflective pauses in collaborative tabletop learning systems, showing both quantitative and qualitative differences in the interactional processes that result from these design strategies.
CCS CONCEPTS.
Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in collaborative and social computing.
Alternative Causes of Infectious Diarrhea in Patients with Negative Tests for Clostridoides Difficile
Authors: Kwon Jennie H , O’Neil Caroline A , Hink Tiffany , Reske Kimberly A , Bosserman Rachel E , Dubberke Erik R , Burnham Carey-Ann D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Hospitalized patients with diarrhea who have a negative Clostridoides difficile (C. difficile) test are not routinely evaluated for alternative causes of infectious diarrhea. This study assessed for potential infectious causes of diarrhea in hospitalized patients with an order for repeat C. difficile toxin enzyme immunoassay (tEIA) testing after an initial tEIA test was negative.

Methods
For patients age ≥18 years who had a second C. difficile tEIA test ordered within 96 h after a negative tEIA test, remnant fecal specimens from the first (negative) tEIA test were evaluated using the BioFire FilmArray Gastrointestinal Panel PCR, C. difficile toxigenic culture, and culture on a blood agar plate (BAP) to identify other potential causes of infectious diarrhea. Growth of organisms on the BAP was also used to assess potential disruptions in the gastrointestinal microbiota.

Results
Among 84 remnant specimens, toxigenic C. difficile was identified in 9 (11%) by culture or PCR, while potential alternative causes of infectious diarrhea, including norovirus, rotavirus, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, and Salmonella, were identified in 11 specimens (13%) by PCR. For the majority of patients, no infectious cause of diarrhea was identified, but 84% exhibited disrupted gastrointestinal microbiota, which may contribute to diarrhea.

Conclusions
When a hospitalized patient has a negative C. difficile tEIA test but continues to have diarrhea, alternative infectious and noninfectious causes of diarrhea should be considered. If the patient has clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of infection or risk factors for gastrointestinal infection, laboratory testing for other etiologic agents may be appropriate.