bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol consumption and serum uric acid are synergistically associated with renal dysfunction among community‐dwelling persons
Authors: Kawamoto Ryuichi , Kikuchi Asuka , Akase Taichi , Ninomiya Daisuke , Tokumoto Yoshio , Kumagi Teru 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundSerum uric acid (SUA) is a key risk factor contributing to renal failure, a serious public health problem. However, few studies have examined whether the interactive relationship between alcohol consumption and SUA is independently associated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).MethodsOur sample comprised 742 men aged 69 ± 11 years (mean ± standard deviation) and 977 women aged 69 ± 10 years from a rural area. We cross‐sectionally examined the relationships between the confounding factors of alcohol consumption and SUA with renal function denoted by eGFR estimated using CKD‐EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) equations modified by a Japanese coefficient.ResultsIn both genders, eGFR increased with a rise in alcohol consumption. This tendency was more pronounced in participants with hyperuricemia, where SUA was greater than 7.0 mg/dL in men and greater than 6.0 mg/dl in women (men: F = 41.98, p < 0.001; women: F = 41.98, p < 0.001). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that alcohol consumption (men: β = 0.112, p < 0.001; women: β = 0.060, p = 0.011) and SUA (men: β = −0.282, p < 0.001; women: β = 0.317, p < 0.001) were significantly and independently related to eGFR. Further, the interactive relationship between alcohol consumption and SUA (men: F = 6.388, p < 0.001; women: F = 5.368, p < 0.001) was a significant and independent indicator of eGFR.ConclusionsThese results suggested that alcohol consumption and SUA were synergistically associated with renal dysfunction among community‐dwelling persons.
Meaningful military engagement among male and female post‐9/11 veterans: An examination of correlates and implications for resilience
Authors: Finkelstein‐Fox Lucy , Sinnott Sinead M. , Lee Sharon Y. , Carney Lauren M. , Park Crystal L. , Mazure Carolyn M. , Hoff Rani 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivePost‐9/11 military deployment is commonly reported as stressful and is often followed by psychological distress after returning home. Yet veterans also frequently report experiencing meaningful military engagement (MME) that may buffer detrimental effects of military stressors. Focusing on the under‐investigated topic of association of MME with post‐deployment psychological adjustment, this study tests gender differences in MME and post‐deployment outcomes.MethodThis cross‐sectional study examined the relationship of MME with deployment stressors, subsequent psychological distress (posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depression), and gender among 850 recent‐era U.S. veterans (41.4% female).ResultsOn average, both male and female veterans reported high MME. Greater MME was associated with less PTSS and depression following combat and general harassment, and more depression after sexual harassment. For men only, MME associated with less PTSS after sexual harassment.ConclusionsMME is high among post‐9/11 veterans, but its stress‐buffering effects depend on gender and specific stressor exposure.
AMPK/mTOR downregulated autophagy enhances aberrant endometrial decidualization in folate‐deficient pregnant mice
Authors: Zhang Yan , Gao Rufei , Zhang Lei , Geng Yanqing , Chen Qiutong , Chen Xuemei , Liu Xueqing , Mu Xinyi , Ding Yubin , Wang Yingxiong , He Junlin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExisting evidence suggests that adverse pregnancy outcomes are closely related to dietary factors. Folate plays an important role in neural tube formation and fetal growth, folate deficiency is a major risk factor of birth defects. Our early studies showed that folate deficiency could impair enddecidualization, however, the mechanism is still unclear. Dysfunctional autophagy is associated with many diseases. Here, we aimed to evaluate the adverse effect of folate deficiency on endometrial decidualization, with a particular focus on endometrial cell autophagy. Mice were fed with no folate diet in vivo and the mouse endometrial stromal cell was cultured in a folate‐free medium in vitro. The decrease of the number of endometrial autophagosomes and the protein expressions of autophagy in the folate‐deficient group indicated that autophagosome formation, autophagosome‐lysosome fusion, and lysosomal degradation were inhibited. Autophagic flux examination using mCherry‐GFP‐LC3 transfection showed that the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes was inhibited by folate deficiency. Autophagy inducer rapamycin could reverse the impairment of folate deficiency on endometrial decidualization. Moreover, folate deficiency could reduce autophagy by disrupting AMPK/mTOR signaling, resulting in aberrant endometrial decidualization and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Further co‐immunoprecipitation examination showed that decidual marker protein Hoxa10 could interact with autophagic marker protein Cathepsin L, and the interaction was notably reduced by folate deficiency. In conclusion, AMPK/mTOR downregulated autophagy was essential for aberrant endometrial decidualization in early pregnant mice, which could result in adverse pregnancy outcomes. This provided some new clues for understanding the causal mechanisms of birth defects induced by folate deficiency.
Increased myocellular lipid and IGFBP‐3 expression in a pre‐clinical model of pancreatic cancer‐related skeletal muscle wasting
Authors: Cole Calvin L. , Bachman John F. , Ye Jian , Murphy Joseph , Gerber Scott A. , Beck Christopher A. , Boyce Brendan F. , Muthukrishnan Gowrishankar , Chakkalakal Joe V. , Schwarz Edward M. , Linehan David 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundSkeletal muscle wasting (SMW) in cancer patients is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, treatment intolerance and discontinuation, and poor quality of life. This is particularly true for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), as over 85% experience SMW, which is responsible for ~30% of patient deaths. While the established paradigm to explain SMW posits that muscle catabolism from systemic inflammation and nutritional deficiencies, the cause of death, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible remain to be elucidated. To address this, we investigated the relationship between tumour burden and survival in the KCKO murine PDAC model.MethodsFemale C57BL/6J mice 6–8 weeks of age underwent orthotopic injection with KCKO‐luc tumour cells. Solid tumour was verified on Day 5, post‐tumour inoculation. In vivo, longitudinal lean mass and tumour burden were assessed via dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and IVIS imaging, respectively, and total body weight was assessed, weekly. Animals were sacrificed at a designated end point of ‘failure to thrive’. After sacrifice, lower limb hind muscles were harvested for histology and RNA extraction.ResultsWe found a strong correlation between primary tumour size and survival (r2 = 0.83, P < 0.0001). A significant decrease in lower limb lean mass was first detected at Day 38 post‐implantation vs. no tumour controls (NTCs) (P < 0.0001). SMW was confirmed by histology, which demonstrated a 38%, 32.7%, and 39.9% decrease in fibre size of extensor digitorum longus, soleus, and tibialis anterior muscles, respectively, in PDAC mice vs. NTC (P < 0.002). Histology also revealed a 67.6% increase in haematopoietic cells within the muscle of PDAC mice when compared with NTC. Bulk RNAseq on muscles from PDAC mice vs. NTC revealed significant increases in c/ebpβ/Δ, il‐1, il‐6, and tnf gene expression. Pathway analyses to identify potential upstream factors revealed increased adipogenic gene expression, including a four‐fold increase in igfbp‐3. Histomorphometry of Oil Red‐O staining for fat content in tibialis anterior muscles demonstrated a 95.5% increase in positively stained fibres from PDAC mice vs. NTC.ConclusionsTogether, these findings support a novel model of PDAC‐associated SMW and mortality in which systemic inflammation leads to inflammatory cell infiltration into skeletal muscle with up‐regulated myocellular lipids.
Light microscopy proved to be useful technique for morpho‐anatomical examination of four wild plant species growing sideways wastewater tunnels
Authors: Nadeem‐Ullah  , Ashraf Waqas , Shafiq‐ur‐Rehman  , Jaffer Mehwish , Qurat‐ul‐ain  
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe present study was conducted to determine the influence of wastewater used for irrigation purposes on anatomical characters of four wild plants with the help of light microscopy (LM). The plant selected were Trianthema portulacastrum L., Amaranthes viridis L., Portulaca oleracea L., and Persicaria barbata L. This wastewater comprises of municipal, industrial, and dairy waste containing organic matter, Ca++, Mg++, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It was found that T. portulacastrum L. and P. oleracea L. were directly affected and the size of vascular tissues and cortex reduced many times as compared to control, while on the other hand A. viridis L. and Persicaria berbata L. showed high growth than control these characters were clear using LM technique.
Land use and landscape position influence soil organic phosphorus speciation in a mixed land use watershed
Authors: Perillo Vanesa L. , Cade‐Menun Barbara J. , Ivancic Monika , Ross Donald S. , Wemple Beverley C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLand use can significantly alter soil P forms, which will influence P loss in runoff. Organic P (Po) compounds are an important component of soil P, but their forms and cycling in soils with different land uses are still poorly understood. In addition, streambanks are potential sources of P loss; P forms and concentrations in streambank soils may vary with land use, affecting potential P loss to water. This study used solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to characterize and quantify P in interior and streambank soils (0–10 cm) under duplicate sites from four different land uses along streams in the Missisquoi River basin (VT, USA): silage corn, hay meadow, emergent wetlands, and forest. Orthophosphate monoesters were the dominant P compound class regardless of land use or landscape position. Forest soils had the lowest Po concentrations, less labile P forms than other soils, and significantly lower concentrations of total inositol hexakisphosphates and total orthophosphate monoesters compared with corn soils. Riparian buffer zones for agricultural soils lowered P concentrations in streambank soils for many soil P pools relative to interior soils. The wetland soils of this study had P concentrations and P forms that were similar to those for interior agricultural soils and generally showed no reduction in P concentrations in streambank soils relative to interior soils. This is consistent with the role of wetlands as P sinks in the landscape but also suggests these wetlands should be carefully monitored to minimize P accumulation, especially in streambank soils.
Abnormal VLCADD newborn screening resembling MADD in four neonates with decreased riboflavin levels and VLCAD activity
Authors: Hagemeijer Marne C. , Oussoren Esmee , Ruijter George J. G. , Onkenhout Willem , Huidekoper Hidde H. , Ebberink Merel S. , Waterham Hans R. , Ferdinandusse Sacha , de Vries Maaike C. , Huigen Marleen C. D. G. , Kluijtmans Leo A. J. , Coene Karlien L. M. , Blom Henk J 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEarly detection of congenital disorders by newborn screening (NBS) programs is essential to prevent or limit disease manifestation in affected neonates. These programs balance between the detection of the highest number of true cases and the lowest number of false‐positives. In this case report, we describe four unrelated cases with a false‐positive NBS result for very‐long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCADD). Three neonates presented with decreased but not deficient VLCAD enzyme activity and two of them carried a single heterozygous ACADVL c.1844G>A mutation. Initial biochemical investigations after positive NBS referral in these infants revealed acylcarnitine and organic acid profiles resembling those seen in multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD). Genetic analysis did not reveal any pathogenic mutations in the genes encoding the electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF alpha and beta subunits) nor in ETF dehydrogenase. Subsequent further diagnostics revealed decreased levels of riboflavin in the newborns and oral riboflavin administration normalized the MADD‐like biochemical profiles. During pregnancy, the mothers followed a vegan, vegetarian or lactose‐free diet which probably caused alimentary riboflavin deficiency in the neonates. This report demonstrates that a secondary (alimentary) maternal riboflavin deficiency in combination with reduced VLCAD activity in the newborns can result in an abnormal VLCADD/MADD acylcarnitine profile and can cause false‐positive NBS. We hypothesize that maternal riboflavin deficiency contributed to the false‐positive VLCADD neonatal screening results.
T2 Relaxometry Evidence of Microstructural Changes in Diffusely Abnormal White Matter in Relapsing–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis and Clinically Isolated Syndrome: Impact on Visuomotor Performance
Authors: Papadaki Efrosini , Mastorodemos Vasileios , Panou Theodora , Pouli Styliani , Spyridaki Eirini , Kavroulakis Eleftherios , Kalaitzakis Georgios , Maris Thomas G. , Simos Panagiotis 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundAlthough diffusely abnormal white matter (DAWM) is commonly seen in multiple sclerosis (MS), it is rarely considered in clinical/imaging studies.PurposeTo evaluate quantitative markers of microstructural changes in DAWM of patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing–remitting MS (RR‐MS) in relation to MS lesions and degree of neurocognitive impairment, by using a multi‐echo spin echo (MESE) Proton Density PD‐to‐T2 sequence.Study TypeProspective, cross‐sectional.PopulationThirty‐seven RR‐MS patients, 33 CIS patients, and 52 healthy controls.Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T/T1‐, T2‐weighted, fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery, and MESE sequences.AssessmentLong T2, short T2, and myelin water fraction (MWF) values were estimated as indices of intra/extracellular water content and myelin content, respectively, in DAWM, posterior periventricular normal appearing white matter (NAWM), and focal MS lesions, classified according to their signal intensity on T1 sequences. Patients were, also, administered a battery of neuropsychological tests.Statistical TestsComparisons of T2 and MWF values in DAWM, NAWM, and MS lesions were examined, using two‐way mixed analyses of variance. Associations of Grooved Pegboard performance with T2 and MWF values in DAWM and NAWM were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients.ResultsT2 and MWF values of DAWM were intermediate between the respective values of NAWM and T1 hypointense focal lesions, while there was no difference between the respective values of DAWM and T1‐isointense lesions. T2 values in DAWM were strongly associated with visuomotor performance in CIS patients.Data ConclusionIntra/extracellular water and myelin water content of DAWM are similar to those of T1‐isointense lesions and predict visuomotor performance in CIS patients.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Cross‐Scanner Harmonization of Neuromelanin‐Sensitive MRI for Multisite Studies
Authors: Wengler Kenneth , Cassidy Clifford , van der Pluijm Marieke , Weinstein Jodi J. , Abi‐Dargham Anissa , van de Giessen Elsmarieke , Horga Guillermo 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundNeuromelanin‐sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM‐MRI) is a validated measure of neuromelanin concentration in the substantia nigra–ventral tegmental area (SN–VTA) complex and is a proxy measure of dopaminergic function with potential as a noninvasive biomarker. The development of generalizable biomarkers requires large‐scale samples necessitating harmonization approaches to combine data collected across sites.PurposeTo develop a method to harmonize NM‐MRI across scanners and sites.Study TypeProspective.PopulationA total of 128 healthy subjects (18–73 years old; 45% female) from three sites and five MRI scanners.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T; NM‐MRI two‐dimensional gradient‐recalled echo with magnetization‐transfer pulse and three‐dimensional T1‐weighted images.AssessmentNM‐MRI contrast (contrast‐to‐noise ratio [CNR]) maps were calculated and CNR values within the SN–VTA (defined previously by manual tracing on a standardized NM‐MRI template) were determined before harmonization (raw CNR) and after ComBat harmonization (harmonized CNR). Scanner differences were assessed by calculating the classification accuracy of a support vector machine (SVM). To assess the effect of harmonization on biological variability, support vector regression (SVR) was used to predict age and the difference in goodness‐of‐fit (Δr) was calculated as the correlation (between actual and predicted ages) for the harmonized CNR minus the correlation for the raw CNR.Statistical TestsPermutation tests were used to determine if SVM classification accuracy was above chance level and if SVR Δr was significant. A P‐value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsIn the raw CNR, SVM MRI scanner classification was above chance level (accuracy = 86.5%). In the harmonized CNR, the accuracy of the SVM was at chance level (accuracy = 29.5%; P = 0.8542). There was no significant difference in age prediction using the raw or harmonized CNR (Δr = −0.06; P = 0.7304).Data ConclusionComBat harmonization removes differences in SN–VTA CNR across scanners while preserving biologically meaningful variability associated with age.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy1
Cyber forensic framework for big data analytics using Sunflower Jaya optimization‐based Deep stacked autoencoder
Authors: Venugopal Sabaresan , Sathianesan Godfrey Winster , Rengaswamy Ramesh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe skills of forensic analysts are at risk to process the increasing data in the Internet of Things‐based environment platforms. However, the technical issues like anti‐forensics, variety of traffic formats, steganography or encrypted data, and real‐time live investigation degrades the performance of the cyber forensic framework. Therefore, an effective method named Sunflower Jaya Optimization‐based Deep stacked autoencoder (SFJO‐based Deep stacked autoencoder) is proposed to perform the cyber forensic framework. The finite element model of Sunflower optimization is integrated with the control parameters of Jaya optimization to solve the issues in the cyber forensic framework. The proposed SFJO‐based Deep stacked autoencoder uses the pollination and the peculiar behaviors to enable the cyber forensic framework based on the error value in the big data analytics model. Accordingly, the solution with the minimal value of error is accepted as the best optimal solution by computing the orientation vector. However, the proposed model is illustrated based on the unconstrained benchmark function, which in turn results in the fitness function to reveal the best candidate solution. The proposed SFJO‐based Deep stacked autoencoder attained better performance using metrics like precision, sensitivity, and specificity with the values of 0.9053, 0.8865, and 0.8839 using dataset‐1.
Comparison of the effects of two therapeutic strategies based on olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation and repetitive magnetic stimulation after spinal cord injury in female mice
Authors: Delarue Quentin , Robac Amandine , Massardier Romane , Marie Jean‐Paul , Guérout Nicolas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition, which leads to a permanent loss of functions below the injury site. The events which take place after SCI are characterized by cellular death, release of inhibitory factors, and inflammation. Many therapies have been studied to cure SCI, among them magnetic stimulation aims to reduce the secondary damages in particular by decreasing apoptosis, while, cellular transplantation promotes neuroregeneration by enhancing axonal regrowth. In the present study, we compared individually primary olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation and repetitive trans‐spinal magnetic stimulation (rTSMS) and then, we combined these two therapeutic approaches on tissue repair and functional recovery after SCI. To do so, SCIs were performed at Th10 level on female C57BL/6 mice, which were randomized into four groups: SCI, SCI + primary bOECs, SCI + STM, SCI + primary bulbar olfactory ensheathing cells (bOECs) + stimulation (STM). On these animals bioluminescence, immunohistological, and behavioral experiments were performed after SCI. Our results show that rTSMS has beneficial effect on the modulation of spinal scar by reducing fibrosis, demyelination, and microglial cell activation and by increasing the astroglial component of the scar, while, primary bOEC transplantation decreases microglial reactivity. At the opposite, locotronic experiments show that both treatments induce functional recovery. We did not observed any additional effect by combining the two therapeutic approaches. Taken together, the present study indicates that primary bOEC transplantation and rTSMS treatment act through different mechanisms after SCI to induce functional recovery. In our experimental paradigm, the combination of the two therapies does not induce any additional benefit.
Endogenous µ‐opioid receptor activity in the lateral and capsular subdivisions of the right central nucleus of the amygdala prevents chronic postoperative pain
Authors: Cooper Andrew H. , Hedden Naomi S. , Corder Gregory , Lamerand Sydney R. , Donahue Renee R. , Morales‐Medina Julio C. , Selan Lindsay , Prasoon Pranav , Taylor Bradley K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTissue injury induces a long‐lasting latent sensitization (LS) of spinal nociceptive signaling that is kept in remission by an opposing µ‐opioid receptor (MOR) constitutive activity. To test the hypothesis that supraspinal sites become engaged, we induced hindpaw inflammation, waited 3 weeks for mechanical hypersensitivity to resolve, and then injected the opioid receptor inhibitors naltrexone, CTOP or β‐funaltrexamine subcutaneously, and/or into the cerebral ventricles. Intracerebroventricular injection of each inhibitor reinstated hypersensitivity and produced somatic signs of withdrawal, indicative of LS and endogenous opioid dependence, respectively. In naïve or sham controls, systemic naloxone (3 mg/kg) produced conditioned place aversion, and systemic naltrexone (3 mg/kg) increased Fos expression in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). In LS animals tested 3 weeks after plantar incision, systemic naltrexone reinstated mechanical hypersensitivity and produced an even greater increase in Fos than in sham controls, particularly in the capsular subdivision of the right CeA. One third of Fos+ profiles co‐expressed protein kinase C delta (PKCδ), and 35% of PKCδ neurons co‐expressed tdTomato+ in Oprm1Cre::tdTomato transgenic mice. CeA microinjection of naltrexone (1 µg) reinstated mechanical hypersensitivity only in male mice and did not produce signs of somatic withdrawal. Intra‐CeA injection of the MOR‐selective inhibitor CTAP (300 ng) reinstated hypersensitivity in both male and female mice. We conclude that MORs in the capsular subdivision of the right CeA prevent the transition from acute to chronic postoperative pain.