bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience, Perceived Stress, and Depressed Mood in Women Under in Vitro Fertilization Treatment
Authors: Fernandez-Ferrera Carmen , Llaneza-Suarez David , Fernandez-Garcia Daniel , Castañon Vanesa , Llaneza-Suarez Cristina , Llaneza Placido 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIt has been suggested that women who display higher resilience levels may have less psychological distress during IVF. The aim of this study was to evaluate how infertile women deal with perceived stress, depressed mood, and sleep disturbances at the first IVF attempt and after one or more negative IVF outcomes depending on their level of resilience. An observational, cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 207 infertile women undergoing IVF procedures. The participants completed the short version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the short version of the European Spanish Version of Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10), and the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS). The relationship between CD-RISC scores ranked according to percentiles and mean PSS-10 scores revealed that women with strong resilience had lower perceived stress. After splitting the sample according to CD-RISC percentiles, differences were observed only at the first IVF attempt and the observed protective effect of high resilience scores appears to disappear following a negative IVF outcome. Women with high resilience are less likely to suffer from perceived stress or depressed mood during their first IVF attempt, this protective effect appears to be lost after a negative outcome.
A sustainable model for small towns and peripheral communities: converging elements and qualitative analysis
Authors: Colombo Giovanni 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe paper’s conceptual framework is the United Nations Agenda 2030 and the long-term Sustainable Development Goals. Scientific work on environmental issues has underlined the urgency and profoundness of the transformations needed to achieve the COP21 global warming thresholds in the short time left. Despite the systemic character of sustainability, most suggested innovation policies do not consider the advantages of an integrated view of environmental and social issues. The paper explores this possibility by analysing the chances of minor centres (small towns and peripheral communities) to combine these challenges in sustainable development models. Transformative innovation steps inspired by the responsible innovation approach are vital instruments to reach that goal. The paper’s conjecture about the minor centres is supported by analysing three main courses in the sustainability route: the conversion to renewable energy, the circular economy, and the digitalisation process. The analysis offers innovation hints for the responsible development of plans such as the Next Generation EU, launched to support Europe’s economic revival in the post-pandemic phase.
Rural young males’ acceptance & receptiveness to technology‐based interventions for dating violence prevention: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Emezue Chuka N. , Enriquez Maithe , Dougherty Debbie S. , Bullock Linda F.C. , Bloom Tina L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionRural youth are twice as likely as urban youth to experience some forms of teen dating violence (TDV), and significant barriers to accessing support services for physical, psychological, sexual violence. However, rural youth remain understudied and undersampled. Rural young men, in particular, are at risk for experiencing or perpetrating dating violence influenced by regional and sociocultural risk factors that promote male supremacy ideals while also impeding male help‐seeking. Technology‐based interventions circumvent some of these risk factors by offering confidential and reliable support. This study investigates rural young males’ acceptability of technology‐based interventions for fostering healthy relationships and preventing dating abuse, including their preferences for intervention content and features.MethodsThree online focus groups (n = 14) and phone interviews (n = 13) were conducted with rural young males. Participants were stratified by age (15–17 and 18–24 year‐olds). Most were White (81%) from the United States Midwest (65%). Semi‐structured interview data were analyzed using Qualitative Description (QD), guided by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT).ResultsThree themes identified were (1) Scarcity of Useful Resources, (2) Socio‐Structural Challenges for Intervention Uptake, with two subthemes (2a) Rural‐Specific Structural Barriers and (2b) Rural Masculinity Disrupting Help‐seeking; (3) Finally, participants discussed Functionality and Design Needs, itemizing their intervention “must‐have” in terms of content, resources, and features.ConclusionThis qualitative study identified obstacles and facilitators to using technology‐based interventions for dating violence prevention among young rural males and offers pragmatic “ready‐to‐use” recommendations for the development of technology‐based anti‐dating violence interventions for rural youth.
A Single-Cell Transcriptome Atlas of Cashmere Goat Hair Follicle Morphogenesis
Authors: Ge Wei , Zhang Weidong , Zhang Yuelang , Zheng Yujie , Li Fang , Wang Shanhe , Liu Jinwang , Tan Shaojing , Yan Zihui , Wang Lu , Shen Wei , Qu Lei , Wang Xin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cashmere, also known as soft gold, is produced from the secondary hair follicles (SHFs) of cashmere goats. The number of SHFs determines the yield and quality of cashmere; therefore, it is of interest to investigate the transcriptional profiles present during cashmere goat hair follicle development. However, mechanisms underlying this development process remain largely unexplored, and studies regarding hair follicle development mostly use a murine research model. In this study, to provide a comprehensive understanding of cellular heterogeneity and cell fate decisions, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 19,705 single cells of the dorsal skin from cashmere goat fetuses at induction (embryonic day 60; E60), organogenesis (E90), and cytodifferentiation (E120) stages. For the first time, unsupervised clustering analysis identified 16 cell clusters, and their corresponding cell types were also characterized. Based on lineage inference, a detailed molecular landscape was revealed along the dermal and epidermal cell lineage developmental pathways. Notably, our current data also confirmed the heterogeneity of dermal papillae from different hair follicle types, which was further validated by immunofluorescence analysis. The current study identifies different biomarkers during cashmere goat hair follicle development and has implications for cashmere goat breeding in the future.
In vitro studies of a silver surgical site dressing, Primaseal ™ post-op silver dressing, and its activity against common wound pathogens
Authors: Edwards-Jones V. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

Surgical site infections can occur in up-to 5% of patients and post-operative surgical site dressings are recommended to help prevent infection. Antibacterial agents are incorporated into some surgical site dressings to help reduce infection. This in vitro study evaluated the performance of PrimaSeal™ Ag+ Post-Op dressing against a commonly used post-surgical comparator dressing (AQUACEL® Ag Surgical) and a variety of wound pathogens over different time periods and in a variety of conditions.
A known concentration of the challenge organisms was added to the test dressing and incubated at 37 °C for varying time periods up to 7 days. The logarithmic reduction of organism numbers was calculated compared to numbers at time O hrs.
The test dressing showed effective antibacterial activity with a 4 log10 reduction seen within 6 h for 5 bacteria tested including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Additionally, a 4-log10 reduction was observed at 48hrs for Candida albicans. These studies suggest that PrimaSeal™ Ag+ Post-Op dressing had superior ability to reduce organism numbers in a given time period compared to a commonly used comparator dressing (Aquacel ®Ag Surgical).

Highlights
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on underrepresented early-career PhD and physician scientists
Authors: Doyle Jamie M , Morone Natalia E. , Proulx Chelsea N. , Althouse Andrew D. , Rubio Doris M. , Thakar Maya S. , Murrell Audrey J. , White Gretchen E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Underrepresented minorities have higher attrition from the professoriate and have experienced greater negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of COVID-19 on the lives of 196 early-career physician-scientists versus PhD researchers who are underrepresented in biomedical research. Participants in the Building Up study answered questions on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their personal and professional lives, and a mixed-methods approach was used to conduct the analysis. While most participants experienced increases in overall stress (72% of PhD researchers vs 76% of physician-scientists), physician-scientists reported that increased clinical demands, research delays, and the potential to expose family members to SARS-CoV-2 caused psychological distress, specifically. PhD researchers, more than physician-scientists, reported increased productivity (27% vs 9%), schedule flexibilities (49% vs 25%), and more quality time with friends and family (40% vs 24%). Future studies should consider assessing the effectiveness of programs addressing COVID-19-related challenges experienced by PhD researchers and physician-scientists, particularly those from underrepresented backgrounds.
Buoyancy-driven instabilities of partially miscible fluids in inclined porous media
Authors: Emami-Meybodi Hamid , Zhang Fengyuan 
Published: September 2021

This study presents a buoyancy-driven stability analysis in a three-dimensional inclined porous medium with a capillary transition zone that is formed between a non-wetting and an underlying wetting phase. In this two-phase, two-component, partially miscible system, a solute from a non-wetting phase diffuses into a porous layer saturated with a wetting-phase fluid, creating a dense diffusive boundary layer beneath an established capillary transition zone. Transient concentration and gravity-driven velocity fields are derived for the wetting phase while the saturation field remains fixed. Linear stability analysis with the quasi-steady-state approximation is employed to determine the onset of solutal convective instability for buoyancy-dominant, in-transition and capillary-dominant systems. The analysis of the problem leads to a differential eigenvalue problem composed of a system of three complex-valued equations that are numerically solved to determine the critical times, critical wavenumbers and neutral stability curves as a function of inclination angle for different Bond numbers. The layer inclination is shown to play an essential role in the stability of the problem, where the gravity-driven flow removes solute concentrations in the diffusive boundary layer. The results indicate that the horizontal porous layer exhibits the fastest onset of instability, and longitudinal rolls are always more unstable than oblique and transverse rolls. The inclination angle has a more substantial impact on stabilizing the diffusive boundary layer in the buoyancy-dominant than in the capillary-dominant systems. Furthermore, for both buoyancy-dominant and capillary-dominant systems, the critical times and wavenumbers vary exponentially with inclination angle ≤ 60° and follow the Stirling model.
Restricting carbohydrates and calories in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of the effectiveness of ‘low-carbohydrate’ interventions with differing energy levels
Authors: Nicholas Anna P. , Soto-Mota Adrian , Lambert Helen , Collins Adam L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
There are two proven dietary approaches to shift type 2 diabetes (T2D) into remission: low-energy diets (LEDs) and low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs). These approaches differ in their rationale and application yet both involve carbohydrate restriction, either as an explicit goal or as a consequence of reducing overall energy intake. The aims of this systematic review were to identify, characterise and compare existing clinical trials that utilised ‘low-carbohydrate’ interventions with differing energy intakes. Electronic databases CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE and Scopus were searched to identify controlled clinical trials in adults with T2D involving low-carbohydrate intake (defined as <130 g carbohydrate/d) and reporting weight and glycaemic outcomes. The initial database search yielded 809 results, of which fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Nine out of fifteen studies utilised LCDs with moderate or unrestricted energy intake. Six trials utilised LEDs (<1200 kcal/d), with all except one incorporating meal replacements as part of a commercial weight loss programme. Interventions using both restricted and unrestricted (ad libitum) energy intakes produced clinically significant weight loss and reduction in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at study endpoints. Trials that restricted energy intake were not superior to those that allowed ad libitum low-carbohydrate feeding at 12 and 24 months. An association was observed across studies between average weight loss and reduction in HbA1c at 6, 12 and 24 months, indicating that sustained weight loss is key to T2D remission. Further research is needed to specifically ascertain the weight-independent effects of carbohydrate restriction on glycaemic control in T2D.
Fasting, non-fasting and postprandial triglycerides for screening cardiometabolic risk
Authors: Keirns Bryant H. , Sciarrillo Christina M. , Koemel Nicholas A. , Emerson Sam R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFasting triacylglycerols have long been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other cardiometabolic conditions. Evidence suggests that non-fasting triglycerides (i.e. measured within 8 h of eating) better predict CVD than fasting triglycerides, which has led several organisations to recommend non-fasting lipid panels as the new clinical standard. However, unstandardised assessment protocols associated with non-fasting triglyceride measurement may lead to misclassification, with at-risk individuals being overlooked. A third type of triglyceride assessment, postprandial testing, is more controlled, yet historically has been difficult to implement due to the time and effort required to execute it. Here, we review differences in assessment, the underlying physiology and the pathophysiological relevance of elevated fasting, non-fasting and postprandial triglycerides. We also present data suggesting that there may be a distinct advantage of postprandial triglycerides, even over non-fasting triglycerides, for early detection of CVD risk and offer suggestions to make postprandial protocols more clinically feasible.
Revisiting mechanics of ice–skate friction: from experiments at a skating rink to a unified hypothesis
Authors: Lever James H. , Lines Austin P. , Taylor Susan , Hoch Garrett R. , Asenath-Smith Emily , Sodhi Devinder S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe mechanics underlying ice–skate friction remain uncertain despite over a century of study. In the 1930s, the theory of self-lubrication from frictional heat supplanted an earlier hypothesis that pressure melting governed skate friction. More recently, researchers have suggested that a layer of abraded wear particles or the presence of quasi-liquid molecular layers on the surface of ice could account for its slipperiness. Here, we assess the dominant hypotheses proposed to govern ice–skate friction and describe experiments conducted in an indoor skating rink aimed to provide observations to test these hypotheses. Our results indicate that the brittle failure of ice under rapid compression plays a strong role. Our observations did not confirm the presence of full-contact water films and are more consistent with the presence of lubricating ice-rich slurries at discontinuous high-pressure zones (HPZs). The presence of ice-rich slurries supporting skates through HPZs merges pressure-melting, abrasion and lubricating films as a unified hypothesis for why skates are so slippery across broad ranges of speeds, temperatures and normal loads. We suggest tribometer experiments to overcome the difficulties of investigating these processes during actual skating trials.
Diet containing dehulled adlay ameliorates hepatic steatosis, inflammation and insulin resistance in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Yeh Wan-Ju , Ko Jung , Cheng Wei-Yi , Yang Hsin-Yi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDietary modification plays a vital role in the treatment of non-alcoholic liver diseases. We investigated the effects of the consumption of a different amount of dehulled adlay, which has hypolipidaemic and anti-inflammatory properties, on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We fed rats a high-fat-high-fructose liquid diet for 16 weeks to induce NAFLD. The rats were divided into three groups fed the NAFLD diet only (NN) or a diet containing 44·9 or 89·8 g/l of dehulled adlay (NA and NB groups, respectively). After 8 weeks, the NA and NB groups had lower C-reactive protein levels and improvement in insulin resistance. In addition, the NB group had lower liver weight and hepatic TAG and cholesterol concentrations than did the NN group. Compared with the NN group, the high-dose NB group had improved steatosis, lower hepatic TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels and lower adipose leptin levels. Our results suggest that a diet containing dehulled adlay can ameliorate NAFLD progression by decreasing of insulin resistance, steatosis and inflammation.
Poor Lives Matter: COVID-19 and the Plight of Vulnerable Groups with Specific Reference to Poverty and Inequality in South Africa
Authors: Mubangizi John C 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable people in South Africa in the specific context of poverty and inequality. It does so by first looking at the conceptual context and then highlighting the extent of the impact both from a constitutional and human rights context and from a legislative context. It uses the poor and vulnerable as a proxy to explore the impact of the pandemic (and the measures put in place to contain it) on the specific constitutional rights of vulnerable people, before suggesting a human rights-based approach to managing the pandemic. It concludes that, despite the South African government having undertaken some of the actions recommended, there remains room for improvement and scope for further research, as the pandemic is expected to continue for some time.
Normative ratings for 111 Swedish nouns and corresponding picture stimuli
Authors: Lehecka Tomas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNormative ratings are a means to control for the effects of confounding variables in psycholinguistic experiments. This paper introduces a new dataset of normative ratings for Swedish encompassing 111 concrete nouns and the corresponding picture stimuli in the MultiPic database (Duñabeitia et al. 2017). The norms for name agreement, category typicality, age of acquisition and subjective frequency were collected using online surveys among native speakers of the Finland-Swedish variety of Swedish. The paper discusses the inter-correlations between these variables and compares them against available ratings for other languages. In doing so, the paper argues that ratings for age of acquisition and subjective frequency collected for other languages may be applied to psycholinguistic studies on Finland-Swedish, at least with respect to concrete and highly imageable nouns. In contrast, norms for name agreement should be collected from speakers of the same language variety as represented by the subjects in the actual experiments.
Assessing Resilience in Older Adulthood: Development and Validation of the Resilience Scale for Older Adults
Authors: Wilson Claire A. , Plouffe Rachel A. , Saklofske Donald H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study presents on the initial development and validation of the Resilience Scale for Older Adults (RSOA). This new measure is based on a theoretical model of resilience grounded in qualitative research conducted with older adults. The scale consists of four resilience protective factors with 11 underlying facets. The Intrapersonal factor consists of Perseverance and Determination, Self-Efficacy and Independence, Purpose and Meaning, and Positive Perspective. The Interpersonal factor consists of Sense of Community, Family Support, and Friend/Neighbour Support. The Spiritual factor consists of Faith and Prayer, and the Experiential factor consists of Previous Adversity and Proactivity. The findings of three independent studies using older adult samples support the four-factor, 11-facet structure of the RSOA. Results also provide promising initial reliability and validity information, and analysis of gender invariance suggests that the factor structure is comparable across men and women. Implications for the applicability of the RSOA in research and clinical settings are discussed.
Child Sexual Abuse, Integrity Systems and the Anglican Church: Truth, Justice and Love
Authors: Miller Virginia , Miller Seumas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article concerns child sexual abuse in the Anglican Church of Australia and the Church of England and, in particular, an integrity system to combat this problem and the ethical problems it gives rise to. The article relies on the findings of various commissions of inquiry to determine the nature and extent of child sexual abuse in the Anglican Church. The two salient ethical problems identified are: (1) design of safety measures in the light of the statistical preponderance of male on male sexuality; (2) justice issues arising from redress schemes established or proposed to provide redress to victims.
Reading the Church of England’s Response to the Covid-19 Crisis: The Diverging Views of Anglo-Catholic and Evangelical Clergy
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , Village Andrew 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWithin the one Church, the Church of England holds together in tension two distinctive streams, one rooted in the Catholic tradition (shaping Anglo-Catholic clergy) and one rooted in the Reformed tradition (shaping Evangelical clergy). Comparing the responses of 263 Anglo-Catholic clergy with the responses of 140 Evangelical clergy (all engaged in full-time stipendiary parish ministry) to the Coronavirus, Church & You Survey, the present analyses tested the thesis that these two groups would read the Church of England’s response to the Covid-19 crisis differently. The data demonstrated that, although Anglo-Catholic clergy were as willing as Evangelical clergy to embrace the digital age to assist with pastoral care, they were significantly less enthusiastic about the provision of online worship, about the closure of churches, and about the notion of virtual rather than geographical communities. The centrality of sacred space (parish church) and local place (parish system) remain more important in the Catholic tradition than in the Reformed tradition. As a consequence, Anglo-Catholic clergy have felt more disadvantaged and marginalized by the Church of England’s response to the Covid-19 crisis.