bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updated modalities for management of obesity
Authors: Alsudairy Najlaa Mohammad , Alsadhan Abdulaziz Ibrahim , Alghaith Bader Khalid , Merdad Faris Jamal , Althawab Bahaa Ali , Al Bossier Abdulilah Solomon , Al-Aqeel Suliman Abdullah , Al-Harbi Awad Saeed , Alshammari Rasha Saleh , Albalawi Abdullah Khalail , Aldandan Sadiq Jawad 
Published: May 2021

Obesity treatment has become vastly more challenging as our comprehension of weight control has grown. Its treatment needs a close collaboration between a dedicated multidisciplinary healthcare team and a motivated patient. The team can include dietitian, health educator, physical activity mentor, personal trainer, clinical psychologist, and physician will be among the team members. Successful obesity care should overcome both the medical and social burdens of the condition. New prevention methods have Aby health care professionals since it is a condition with significant health implications. Obesity management consists of many options surgically, pharmacologically, dietary and physical activity. The best management option for each patient is determined by a healthcare professional. Bariatric surgery results in a larger decrease in BMI in the short and long term, when compared to non-surgical interventions. However, doctors and patients should recommend bariatric surgery at a lower threshold where lifestyle and pharmacological treatments have failed. Updates in obesity management are regular, and healthcare workers should continuously be updated with these management modalities.
Efficacy of Theobromine and Sodium Fluoride Solutions for Remineralization of Initial Enamel Caries Lesions
Authors: Farhad Farnaz , Kazemi Sohrab , Bijani Ali , Pasdar Nilgoon 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: This study investigated the efficacy of theobromine in comparison with 0.05% sodium fluoride solution for remineralization of initial enamel caries lesions (IECLs).
Materials and Methods: Ninety non-carious extracted premolars were sectioned longitudinally into buccal and lingual segments. Caries-like lesions were induced in each segment using acidified gel. Forty-five buccal segments were used for surface microhardness (SMH) test, and 45 buccal segments were used for energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The lingual segments were used as the control group for EDS and SMH test. The baseline SMH was measured with a Vickers hardness tester, and the baseline calcium content was analyzed by EDS. Each test group was divided into three subgroups for treatment with (1) artificial saliva, (2) 1.1 mol/L theobromine, and (3) 0.05% sodium fluoride. Remineralization and demineralization were done by daily pH cycling to simulate the oral environment. Samples in each group were immersed in treatment solutions for 1 min before and after the remineralizing cycle. After a 7-day cycle, the SMH test and EDS analysis were performed again. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s post-hoc test, and paired sample t-test (P<0.05).
Results: All treatments effectively remineralized the IECLs (P<0.05), and theobromine caused the maximum increase in SMH, which was significantly higher than the value in sodium fluoride group (mean value of 36.56±4.95 versus 23.25±3.92; P=0.000). EDS showed the highest calcium deposition in theobromine group (3.82±1.83wt%).
Conclusion: Theobromine is an effective cariostatic agent, and can be considered as a safe alternative to fluoride in preventive dental care.
Child Development Monitoring in Well-baby Clinics in Kenya
Authors: Oyungu Eren , Roose Anna , Ombitsa Ananda Roselyne , Vreeman Rachel C. , McHenry Megan S. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Maternal and child health (MCH) clinics represent an integrated approach for providing healthcare to pregnant women and children 0-59 months of age. Although MCH clinics are also charged with monitoring child development, which involves tracking developmental milestones, it is unclear how these services are provided or perceived within the clinic. This study aimed to describe self-reported knowledge, perceptions, and practice of developmental monitoring in selected MCH clinics in western Kenya.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted within six clinics. We administered a descriptive survey to measure caregiver and healthcare staff attitudes towards and awareness of developmental monitoring; we also reviewed MCH booklets to identify services received at the clinic. Data collection occurred over a period of one day at each of the six clinic sites. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: During the study period, 78 caregiver-child pairs presented to the clinics and had their MCH booklets reviewed. The median child age was three months (interquartile range [IQR]: 1-8 months). Most caregivers were aware of weight monitoring and immunization services; however, when asked specifically about developmental monitoring, only 2.6% of caregivers were aware this service was available at the clinics. Nearly 80% of caregivers reported that they would be very interested in developmental monitoring services. Thirty-three MCH healthcare staff were interviewed about services provided and goals of clinical care. Fewer healthcare staff (60.6%) identified their roles in developmental monitoring compared to their roles in growth (90.9%) and nutritional monitoring (84.8%). Developmental milestones had not been recorded in any of the 78 MCH booklets. However, 78.1% of healthcare staff indicated support for developmental screening.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: While developmental monitoring was valued by healthcare providers, it was not consistently performed at the six clinics in our study. We recommend further work to raise awareness about developmental monitoring and to measure the implications of increased caregiver knowledge and perceptions on developmental monitoring practice.

Copyright © 2021 Oyungu, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
Reinventing the Pregnancy Wheel to Improve Pregnancy Dating and Antenatal Care Visits: A Pilot Randomized Trial in Malawi
Authors: Stokes Mary , Olson Amber , Chan'gombe Mtisunge , Rajab Bakari , Janmey Isabel , Mwalwanda Carolyn , Levison Judy , Pope Rachel 
Published: May 2021

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a customized, culturally sensitive pregnancy wheel given to pregnant women to improve gestational age dating accuracy at the time of delivery and to improve antenatal care attendance.
Methods: This was a pilot randomized trial involving pregnant women presenting to a regional hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi. The primary outcome was accuracy of gestational age at the time of presentation to the hospital in labor. The secondary outcome was the number of antenatal visits.
Results: At final analysis, 14 subjects were included in the pregnancy wheel (intervention) arm and 11 in the standard care arm. Fifty percent (n=7) of women in the intervention arm were accurately dated at the time of presentation for delivery, compared to only 9% (n=1) in the standard antenatal care arm (p=0.04). There was not a significant difference in the number of antenatal visits between the two study arms. No patients met the World Health Organization’s recommended eight antenatal care visits for prenatal care.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: The customized pregnancy wheel given to patients could improve gestational age dating accuracy, and as a result, clinical decision making. However, the barriers to greater antenatal care access are more complex and likely require a more complex solution. Significant attrition in this pilot trial limited statistical power, suggesting the need for future larger interventions. Accurate gestational dating requires access to ultrasonography and early antenatal care initiation, both of which are inadequate in Malawi. Although the customized pregnancy wheel did not improve antenatal care attendance, it improved gestational age dating accuracy in a pilot study at a central hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi.

Copyright © 2021 Stokes et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
The Changing Extreme Values of Summer Relative Humidity in the Tarim Basin in Northwestern China
Authors: Nian Da , Linz Marianna , Mooring Todd A. , Fu Zuntao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Relative Humidity (RH) in the arid region of the Tarim Basin is crucial for many reasons. The Tarim Basin has experienced a tendency to become wetter in recent decades, and the RH here also shows an increase over the past decade. However, there has been little examination of these RH changes and especially the changes to the extremes. This study investigates the changes in extreme values and the probability distribution function (PDF) of summer RH using quantile regression during 2006-2018 to understand the possible reasons for the increase in the summer RH anomaly. We find that extremely high values of RH show a consistent significant increase, while extremely low values have no regionally consistent tendency. The overall average value of RH in the Tarim Basin becomes higher, driven by the upper half of the PDF. To explore the physical mechanism for these changes, we examine the corresponding regional meteorological anomaly patterns. The patterns indicate that the anomalous southwesterly airflow at 500hPa brings ample moisture into the basin and the ground in the middle of the basin significantly cools down when an extreme wet event occurs, promoting the occurrence of the extreme high RH. In this process, the contributions of water vapor transport and temperature are of equal significance though with different relative timing. These corresponding regional meteorological patterns occur more often in the most recent decade, which coincides with the recent increase in RH extremes in this region.
‘What if I feel it is mine?’ – The impact of psychological ownership on public participation in China's transboundary watershed eco-compensation
Authors: Ni Qi , Cai Yu , Xu Tao , Zhao Minjuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Clarifying the impact of psychological ownership on public participation in transboundary eco-compensation will contribute to compensation transforming from the current government-led economic incentive mode to the normative guidance of effective public participation, which is of great significance to transboundary management of water resources. From the perspective of social psychology, this paper uses a double hurdle model, empirically analyzes the impact of psychological ownership on public participation, and explores the internal laws and driving mechanisms of behavior. Results show the willingness to participate mainly depends on the public's judgment of self-ability and their own responsibility and values, while the degree of participation depends on the judgment and grasp of self-governance ability. The more they agree that protecting the environment is the responsibility and obligation of citizens, the lower their willingness to pay. China's long-term ‘government-led environmental governance’ mode has led to the formation of a serious government dependence psychology among the public.
Effects of iron ions, doping methods and nanotubular morphology on TiO2 solar photocatalytic performance
Authors: Melki Rafik , Laoufi Nadia Aïcha , Mouheb Abdelkader 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The effects of Fe2+ and Fe3+ as TiO2 cocatalysts were studied, and the experimental results showed that Fe3+ was more efficient than Fe2+, which needed an intermediate reaction to produce hydroxyl radicals. TiO2 was modified with the aim of improving its structural, optical, and adsorption properties, thus improving its photocatalytic performance. The light range of the catalyst activation process was expanded, which increased the catalyst's ability to absorb visible light. Consequently, this study exploits solar energy in photocatalysis by Fe ion doping using different methods, including impregnation, photodeposition, solvothermal doping, and hydrothermal doping, and evaluates the influence of each doping method on TiO2 optical properties and photocatalytic activity. Enhancing the catalyst adsorption capacity by morphologically modifying TiO2 nanoparticles into nanotubes using the hydrothermal method increases the catalyst surface area from 55 to 294 m2/g, as shown in the SEM and BET results. The effect of combining morphological changes and Fe3+ doping on TiO2 activity was evaluated. We observed a reduction in the TiO2 band gap from 3.29 to 3.01 eV, absorption edge widening, and an increase in the specific surface area up to 279 m2/g; thus, the synthesized catalyst eliminated Cefixime in 120 min.
Appraisal of Nano-Lipidic Astaxanthin cum Thermoreversible Gel and its Efficacy in Haloperidol Induced Parkinsonism
Authors: Gautam Deepika , Singh Samipta , Maurya Priyanka , Singh Manjari , Kushwaha Sapana , Saraf Shubhini A. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Parkinsonism has a toxic cascade of neurodegeneration, with akinesia as a
major manifestation. Some antioxidants have shown promise against the disease. Astaxanthin is a
powerful antioxidant, demonstrates free radical scavenging, and is also a potential neuroprotective
agent.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to formulate astaxanthin-laden nanostructured lipid carriers
based thermoreversible gel for better neuronal uptake and better neuronal efficacy.

Methods:
The method for fabricating astaxanthin-nanostructured lipid carriers (ATX-NLC) was
melt-emulsification, and these were optimized using factorial design and further evaluated for diverse
parameters. Neurotoxicity was induced in rats by haloperidol. The treated and non-treated
rats were then witnessed for their behaviour. TBARs and GSH levels were also determined. Pharmacokinetics
was studied via HPLC.

Results:
The average particle size (by DLS), entrapment efficiency and zeta potential of optimized
ATX-NLC were 225.6 ± 3.04 nm, 65.91 ± 1.22% and -52.64 mV, respectively. Astaxanthin release
(after 24 h in simulated nasal fluid) from optimized ATX-NLC was 92.5 ± 5.42%. Its thermoreversible
nasal gel (ATX-NLC in-situ gel) was prepared using poloxamer-127. The obtained gel
showed in-vivo betterment in the behaviour of animals when studied using the rotarod and akinesia
test. Pharmacokinetic studies showed better availability of astaxanthin in the brain on the rats treated
with ATX-NLC in-situ gel as compared to those treated with ATX-in-situ gel.

Conclusion:
Astaxanthin-loaded lipidic nanoparticulate gel can be a hopeful adjuvant therapy for
Parkinsonism and holds scope for future studies.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN PADA LOYALITAS PELANGGAN DENGAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
Authors: Rusdiyanto Wahyu , Suranti Sri 
Published: May 2021

Abstrak: Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan pada Loyalitas Pelanggan dengan Kepuasan Pelanggan debagai Variabel Mediasi. Kualitas pelayanan dalam dunia bisnis menjadi perhatian utama agar pelanggan merasa puas dan menjadi loyal. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana kualitas pelayanan, dan kepuasan pelanggan memberikan pengaruh pada loyalitas pelanggan. Studi ini dilakukan di Kota Surakarta dengan menggunakan data primer yang dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksplanatori dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jumlah responden penelitian yaitu 245 orang yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik random sampling. Uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi pada perangkat lunak SPSS. Uji mediasi menggunakan metode Barond and Kenny. Hasil analisis data menemukan bahwa (1) kualitas pelayanan mempunyai pengaruh yang positif pada kepuasan pelanggan, (2) kepuasan pelanggan mempunyai pengaruh yang positif pada loyalitas pelanggan, (3) kepuasan pelanggan menjadi mediator pengaruh kualitas pelayanan pada loyalitas pelanggan Kata kunci: analisis pengaruh, kualitas pelayanan, loyalitas pelanggan, kepuasan pelanggan, pelayanan prima Abstract: Analysis of Effect of Service Quality on Customer Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction as a Mediation Variables. Service quality in the business world is a major concern so that customers feel satisfied and become loyal. This study aims to analyze how service quality and customer satisfaction influence customer loyalty. This study was conducted in the city of Surakarta, primary data collected by a questionnaire. The method used is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The number of research respondents was 245 who were determined using random sampling technique. Hypothesis testing is carried out by means of regression analysis on SPSS software. The mediation test uses the Barond and Kenny method. The results of data analysis found that (1) service quality has a positive influence on customer satisfaction, (2) customer satisfaction has a positive influence on customer loyalty, (3) customer satisfaction becomes a mediator of the effect of service quality on customer loyalty. Keywords: analysis of effect, service quality, customer loyalty, customer satisfaction, excellent service
Civic and nationalism education for young Indonesian generation in the globalization era
Authors: Murdiono Mukhamad , Wuryandani Wuri 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to describe nationalism education for young Indonesian generation in the globalization era. This is descriptive qualitative research conducted in several Senior High Schools. The data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research subjects were Civic Education teachers in Yogyakarta Province and students who attended the Civic Education classes. The collected data were then analyzed with the inductive analysis technique. The results revealed two nationalism education models for the young generation in the globalization era: promoting nationalism through Civic Education and extracurricular activities. Teachers promote nationalism by developing learning methods, learning materials, learning media, and student worksheets incorporating nationalismvalues. Meanwhile, extracurricular activities in schools were carried out through activities that promote nationalism.
Perencanaan manajemen risiko atlet berprestasi Indonesia (Studi kasus atlet dengan risiko cedera tinggi)
Authors: Baihaqi Ahmad Briezy , Puspitasari Maria , Zuraida Maria , Nurcholis Ahmad 
Published: May 2021

Atlet berprestasi memiliki risiko yang bisa menyebabkan kesulitan keuangan saat pensiun dari olahraga. Atlet dengan risiko cedera tinggi berpeluang lebih besar mengalami kesulitan keuangan karena berpotensi pensiun lebih dini akibat cedera. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajamen risiko yang dilakukan atlet berprestasi dari cabang olahraga dengan risiko cedera tinggi untuk meminimalisir risiko saat pensiun dengan mengoptimalkan pendapatan yang dimiliki ketika masih aktif sebagai atlet. Landasan konsep yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah manajemen risiko dengan dua perencanaan, yaitu perencanaan keuangan menggunakan perencanaan keuangan pribadi milik Kapoor, Dlabay dan Hughes (2009) dan perencanaan pendidikan. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan terhadap empat atlet berprestasi dan satu perwakilan federasi serta studi dokumen. Hasilnya, manajemen risiko yang dimiliki keempat informan yaitu tabungan dari gaji pegawai negeri sipil dan honor atlet, investasi berupa tanah dan properti, dan rumah atas nama sendiri. Manajemen risiko yang dimiliki masih membuat informan rentan terpapar risiko saat pensiun karena hanya mengelola risiko dari sisi materi yang bisa habis. Sementara itu keempat informan tidak melanjutkan pendidikan tinggi. Idealnya, manajemen risiko juga dilakukan oleh federasi dengan membuka peluang beasiswa untuk atlet melanjutkan pendidikan tinggi. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini yaitu pemerintah perlu mendorong dan menyediakan beasiswa afirmasi untuk pendidikan tinggi atlet. Indonesian athlete risk management planning (Case study athletes with high-risk injury) AbstractHigh-achieving athletes are at risk of causing financial difficulties when they retire from sports. Athletes with high injuries are more likely to experience financial difficulties due to early retirement due to injury. The purpose of this study was to see how risk management performed by high-achieving athletes from sports with high injuries to minimize risks at retirement by optimizing the income they had while still active as an athlete. The concept used in this research is risk management with two plans, financial planning using private financial planning by Kapoor, Dlabay and Hughes (2009) and educational planning. In-depth interviews were conducted with four athletes and one representative of the federation as well as document studies. The results of risk management owned by the four informants are savings from salaries of civil servants and athletes' honor, investment in the form of land and property, and houses in their own names. Athlete is still vulnerable to be exposed by risk during retirement. The four informants did not continue their higher education. Risk management is also carried out by the federation with scholarship opportunities for athletes to continue their higher education. The recommendation of this research is that the government encourages and provides affirmative scholarships for higher education athletes.