bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Comparison of Recombinant and Plasma-Derived von Willebrand Factor Concentrate for Treatment of Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome in Adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients
Authors: Mazzeffi Michael , Henderson Reney , Krause Eric , Rabin Joseph , Madathil Ronson , Chow Jonathan , Grazioli Alison , Meyer Michael , Wu Zhongjun , Tanaka Kenichi 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Coagulopathic bleeding is common during adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and acquired von Willebrand syndrome is a contributing factor. We compared ECMO patient blood samples that were treated in vitro with recombinant von Willebrand Factor concentrate and plasma-derived von Willebrand Factor concentrate. Our hypothesis was that recombinant von Willebrand Factor (vWF) would have greater efficacy in increasing vWF function. Secondarily, we hypothesized that recombinant vWF would have less impact on thrombin generation.

METHODS:
Thirty ECMO patients and 10 cardiac surgical controls were enrolled in the study. ECMO patient blood samples were treated in vitro with low- and high-dose recombinant vWFs and low- and high-dose plasma-derived vWFs. Whole blood ristocetin–induced platelet aggregation (RIPA), plasma ristocetin cofactor activity (RCo), and thrombin generation were compared between ECMO patient blood samples and control blood samples and between vWF-treated ECMO patient blood samples and nontreated samples.

RESULTS:
ECMO patient blood samples had severely reduced median RIPA compared to control samples 2 ohms (1–12 [25th–75th percentile]) vs 20 ohms (11–42) (P < .001). Treatment of ECMO patient blood samples with high-dose recombinant vWF significantly increased median RIPA to 10 ohms (2–15) (P < .001), while low-dose recombinant vWF and low- and high-dose plasma-derived vWFs did not significantly increase RIPA; 6 ohms (3–14), 4 ohms (1–13), and 6 ohms (2–10), respectively (P = .25, >.99, and >.99). Treatment with high-dose recombinant vWF and low- and high-dose plasma-derived vWFs significantly increased median plasma RCo to 4.7 international units (IU)/mL (3.7–5.9), 3.3 IU/mL (2.7–4.8), and 3.9 IU/mL (3.4–5.3), respectively, compared to controls 1.8 IU/mL (1.5–2.3) (all P < .001). Treatment with low- and high-dose plasma-derived vWFs significantly increased mean endogenous thrombin potential (6270.2 ± 2038.7 and 6313.1 ± 1913.3) compared to nontreated samples (5856.7 ± 1924.6) (P = .04 and .006), whereas treatment with low- and high-dose recombinant vWFs had no significant effect on mean endogenous thrombin potential (5776.1 ± 2087.3 and 5856.2 ± 1946.4) (P > .99 for both comparisons).

CONCLUSIONS:
In vitro treatment of ECMO patient blood samples with high-dose recombinant vWF was superior to low-dose recombinant vWF and plasma-derived vWF in terms of improving RIPA. In addition, recombinant vWF treatment did not increase endogenous thrombin potential, which may reduce overall thrombotic risk if it used to treat acquired von Willebrand syndrome in ECMO patients.
Barriers and enablers to sustaining self-management behaviours after completing a self-management support intervention for type 2 diabetes: a protocol for a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Carvalho Márcia , Dunne Pauline , Kwasnicka Dominika , Byrne Molly , McSharry Jenny 
Published: December 2021

Background: Attendance at self-management support interventions is associated with improved outcomes for people with type 2 diabetes. However, initial improvements are often not sustained beyond one year, which may be a result of difficulties in sustaining positive changes made to self-management behaviours. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesise qualitative research on the barriers and enablers to sustaining self-management behaviours following completion of a self-management support intervention for type 2 diabetes. Methods: The review will use the “best fit” framework synthesis method to develop a new conceptual model of sustained behaviour change in type 2 diabetes. MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Elsevier), CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (Ovid), SCOPUS, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, WorldCat and Open Grey will be searched to identify primary qualitative studies. A parallel search will be conducted in Google Scholar to identify relevant theories for the development of an a priori framework to synthesise findings across studies. Methodological limitations of included studies will be assessed using an adapted version of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool for Qualitative Studies. A sensitivity analysis will be conducted to examine the impact of studies with methodological limitations on synthesis findings. Confidence in the synthesis findings will be assessed using the GRADE-CERQual tool. Screening, data extraction, methodological limitation assessment, synthesis and GRADE-CERQual assessment will be conducted by one author with a second author independently verifying a randomly selected 20% sample. Discussion: This review will develop a new model of sustained behaviour change in type 2 diabetes self-management. The findings can be used to inform the development of new interventions or revision of existing interventions to better support sustained engagement in type 2 diabetes self-management behaviours.
Credit Stimulus, Executive Ownership, and Firm Leverage
Authors: Chakraborti Rajdeep , Dahiya Sandeep , Ge Lei , Gete Pedro 
Published: December 2021

We show that executive ownership is a significant driver of the demand for credit following credit expansion policies. Our focus on credit demand is in contrast to most studies that have focused on credit supply factors such as bank capital. Our identification exploits the large and unexpected Chinese credit expansion in 2008. This setting offers a unique advantage as in 2008 the Chinese government had almost complete control over the banking sector and it directed the banks to increase credit supply. Thus, in this setting, demand, rather than supply, largely drives the observed changes in firms’ borrowing. We provide extensive robustness tests to validate our results. This paper was accepted by Kay Giesecke, finance.
Tempo não é evidência: uma análise acerca do tempo processual como fundamento da tutela provisória baseada em evidência do artigo 311 do CPC
Authors: Rosalen Volnei 
Published: December 2021

A tutela da evidência, incorporada de forma explícita ao quadro das técnicas de tutela provisória no CPC de 2015, toma como pressuposto a ideia de existência de um direito evidente do autor da ação, que condiciona uma maior efetividade da prestação jurisdicional nos casos previstos na lei processual. Direito “líquido e certo” e direito “evidente” devem estar associados invariavelmente às evidências que os suportam, ou seja, às provas. E, eventualmente, à incapacidade do réu de sustentar dúvida razoável quanto ao direito pleiteado. A descrição e/ou fundamentação da tutela da evidência em uma eventual melhora do tempo do processo, ou redistribuição dos ônus desse tempo – que aparecem como fundamento implícito da tutela da evidência – embora política, econômica e sociologicamente defensáveis, não constituem elemento processual chave para a decisão da concessão da tutela. O artigo aborda esta questão, dialogando com visões doutrinárias a respeito.
A DISTRIBUIÇÃO DINÂMICA DO ÔNUS DA PROVA NO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL E SUA APLICAÇÃO NOS TRIBUNAIS ESTADUAIS À LUZ DA MAD (METODOLOGIA DE ANÁLISE DE DECISÕES)
Authors: Teixeira Pablo Mateus Matos da Silva , Pedron Flávio Quinaud 
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O presente trabalho traz uma análise acerca da Distribuição Dinâmica do ônus da prova implementada pelo Novo Código de Processo Civil. Como a novidade implementada pelo referido código se trata de um assunto de salutar importância no que tange a construção dos provimentos jurisdicionais em um cenário de processo democrático, nós propomos, por tal razão, a estudar tal teoria, e como é realizada sua aplicação nos Tribunais de Justiça da Bahia e Minas Gerais. O presente artigo foi redigido a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a teoria da distribuição dinâmica do ônus da prova tomando como base artigos científicos, livros e trabalhos acadêmicos de notáveis relevância para o tema, bem como com a análise jurisprudencial do Tribunal de Justiça da Bahia e Minas Gerais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Teoria da Carga Dinâmica. Inversão consumerista. Processo Democrático. Ônus da Prova
Objectively Measured Physical Activity Is Inversely Associated With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Rotterdam Study
Authors: van Kleef Laurens A. , Hofman Amy , Voortman Trudy , de Knegt Robert J. 
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION:
The disease burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases rapidly, in line with the obesity pandemic. Physical activity has been linked to a lower risk of NAFLD. However, the impact of different intensities of activity and sedentary behavior and whether their effects on NAFLD are explained by metabolic health remain unclear.

METHODS:
We performed cross-sectional analyses within the population-based Rotterdam Study cohort. Abdominal ultrasound and accelerometry data were collected between 2009 and 2014. NAFLD was defined as hepatic steatosis diagnosed by ultrasound, in the absence of secondary causes for steatosis: viral hepatitis, steatogenic drugs, and excessive alcohol. We categorized accelerometry data into sedentary time and light, moderate, and vigorous physical activities.

RESULTS:
We included 667 participants (aged 63.3 ± 6.3 years, 53% female individuals), and 34.3% had NAFLD. Total physical activity was associated with lower NAFLD prevalence adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors (odds ratio: 0.958 per 10 min/d, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.929–0.986). More intensive physical activity was more strongly associated with lower NAFLD prevalence: odds ratios for light, moderate, and vigorous physical activities were 0.931 (95% CI: 0.882–0.982), 0.891 (95% CI: 0.820–0.967), and 0.740 (95% CI: 0.600–0.906) per 10 min/d, respectively. These associations were explained by metabolic health, particularly homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (proportion mediated: 0.59, P < 0.001) and waist circumference (proportion mediated: 1.08, P < 0.001). Beyond this indirect effect, no direct effect could be demonstrated (P = 0.282–0.827).

DISCUSSION:
Physical activity at each intensity is inversely associated with NAFLD prevalence, with larger effects for higher intensities of physical activity. This association is mediated by better metabolic health, mainly lower insulin resistance and waist circumference. Physical activity should therefore be incorporated into NAFLD disease management and prevention programs.
Bilans wdrożenia ZIT w Polsce − nowego instrumentu finansowania polityki spójności UE
Authors: Zawora Jolanta , Kowalska Iwona 
Published: December 2021

W programowaniu unijnym 2014–2020 został wprowadzony nowy instrument w finansowaniu terytorialnej polityce spójności – ZIT. W literaturze przedmiotu brakuje analiz dotyczących bilansu wykorzystania przez Polskę tego innowacyjnego instrumentu absorpcji funduszy unijnych. Celem artykułu jest ocena implementacji ZIT w Polsce w kontekście systemu pozyskiwania i wydatkowania funduszy unijnych na terytorialną politykę spójności w latach 2014–2020. Analizy zostały przeprowadzone w normatywnym ujęciu ekonomii z wykorzystaniem danych wtórnych dotyczących funduszy unijnych w ramach regionalnych programów operacyjnych. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, iż choć implementacja ZIT w Polsce przyniosła zamierzony efekt w postaci spełnienia warunków do pozyskania funduszy unijnych na zintegrowane inwestycje terytorialne, to jednak szansa ta nie została w pełni wykorzystana ze względu na brak tradycji współpracy pomiędzy JST poza miejskimi obszarami funkcjonalnymi. Natomiast implementacja ZIT w Polsce w zakresie wydatkowania funduszy unijnych wskazuje na niebezpieczeństwo oceny efektów ZIT przez pryzmat kontraktacji czy certyfikacji funduszy unijnych, co z kolei nie jest zgodne z założeniami koncepcyjnymi Komisji Europejskiej w odniesieniu do tego instrumentu. Okres programowania unijnego 2014–2020 nie został zatem w pełni wykorzystany przez polskich beneficjentów na przygotowanie się do nowych zasad absorbcji funduszy unijnej w ramach regionalnej polityki spójności.
PRESTALINE: a package for simulation and analysis of molecular spectra of star forming regions
Authors: Van Looveren Gwenaël , Kochina Olga , Wiebe Dmitry 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We present the PRESTALINE package, a novel tool to simulate and analyse spectra of star forming objects. PRESTALINE allows for a direct comparison of theoretical models with observations and simplifies an analysis of observed spectra. This allows researchers to estimate physical conditions in a studied object and to interpret its chemical composition in a quantitative way. The goal of the project is to set up a consistent framework which would bridge a gap between theoretical studies and observations of star forming regions. In this paper, we present the results of applying PRESTALINE to the test object DR21(OH) and discuss the project general possibilities.
Study on the splitting by hot-air drying of Camellia oleifera fruit
Authors: Wang Fenghe , Liu Zongxin , Ding Yechun , Yang Deyong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In order to explore the feasibility of hot air splitting of Camellia oleifera fruit, the effect of hot air temperature on peel splitting, the moisture state and moisture migration in peel, the peel microstructure and the seed color were studied. The results showed that higher hot air temperature could accelerate the splitting rate, the optimum temperature for splitting C. oleifera fruit was 90–110 °C considering the seed quality. Page model was the most suitable for describing the drying kinetic characteristics of C. oleifera fruit. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed the changing of the dehydration rate, the migration rate of bound water, immobilized water and free water in peel during hot air drying. The expansion of micro-channels in peel was conducive to moisture migration in the early splitting stage, but microstructure damaged in the late splitting stage accompanied by loose disorder of micro pores, serious shrinkage and deformation of peel.
Heroes and villains: multimodal identity construction in children’s wartime visual narratives
Authors: Sengupta Tiyasha 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe article investigates the Self and Other binaries in wartime visual literature published in Bengali-language children’s periodicals in West Bengal, India during the Bangladesh Liberation Struggle 1971. The study applies a critical multimodal framework using the Social Actors Approach and Social Semiotics within the Discourse-Historical Approach. The binaries are defined by the representation and subsequent differentiation of physical, linguistic, and cultural features of the Bengali and non-Bengali social actors and through their actions in the plots. The representation of social actors in the texts conforms to as well as deviates from typical wartime propaganda.
Near-component testing of materials for cylinder heads to determine thermomechanical fatigue under superimposed high-frequency mechanical loads
Authors: Kuhlen Karl Gerhard , Rothe Paul , Seifert Thomas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Due to higher combustion chamber temperatures and pressures in efficient combustion engines, both the high-cycle and thermomechanical fatigue loads on service life-critical components, such as the cylinder head, are increasing. Material comparisons and analysis of damage behavior are very expensive and time-consuming using component tests. This study therefore develops a test method for cylinder head materials that takes into account the combined loading conditions from the above-mentioned loads and allows realistic temperature transients and gradients on near-component samples. The near-component cylinder head sample represents the failure-critical exhaust valve crosspiece and is tested in a test rig specially designed with the aid of conjugate heat transfer simulations. In the test rig, the sample is subjected to thermal stress by a hot gas burner and to mechanical stress by a high-frequency pulsator. Optical crack detection allows permanent observation of fatigue crack growth and crack closure during the test. Fractographic and metallo-graphic examinations of the fracture areas as well as analyses of the damage patterns show that loads close to engine operation can be set in this way and their influences on the damage can be monitored.
The crystal structure of N′-(2-chloro-6-hydroxybenzylidene)thiophene-2-carbohydrazide monohydrate, C12H11ClN2O3S
Authors: Yu Haiyan , Wang Meng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
C12H11ClN2O3S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 4.7305(8) Å, b = 21.252(4) Å, c = 13.134(2) Å, β = 96.286(2)°, Z = 4, V = 1312.5(4) Å3, R

gt
(F) = 0.1002, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1118, T = 296 K.
Procreational Desires and Their Realization: A Study of Target Groups with Parents
Authors: Ražauskienė Vilma , Šumskaitė Lina 
Published: December 2021

Scientific research has shown that the procreational intentions and the actual number of children born may not coincide (Lutz 2020; Stankūnienė et al 2013; Testa 2013). Although the most common ideal number of children in European Union is two, not a single country has the total fertility rate of two (Beaujoun ir Sobotka 2014). The aim of current research is, first, to ascertain what procreational desires people have and, second, to shed some light on possible factors that influence the realization of those procreational desires. Three focus group discussions were conducted with parents 26 – 44 years of age (ten participants in total).
It was found out that the procreational desires are not static and early determined: they change depending on the circumstances of the family creation, self-realisation in one‘s occupation and the reconciliation of the procreational desires of the partners. In accordance to other studies on the topic of procreational desires and their fulfillment, the results of this study demonstrate that the common obstacles that arise while trying to realize one‘s procreational desires are of social, financial and medical nature. Also, the results show that state support for families may have an impact on the number of children a family has if the family has been enduring some financial difficulties.
Why People Emigrate to Work in Elder Care?
Authors: Rapolienė Gražina , Ayalon Liat 
Published: December 2021

Emigration is one of the sorest problems in Lithuania. Emigrants from Lithuania most often fill the sector of unskilled labour in the target countries, one of which is elder care. Financial factors are considered the main motivation for emigration; however, migration is a complex phenomenon and requires a more nuanced investigation. The aim of this article is to analyse subjectively identified reasons of emigration from Lithuania to work in the elder care sector and motivation in choosing a particular country. The thematic data analysis of 13 semi-structured interviews revealed that emigration is motivated by an entirety of reasons: beside financial factors other „push“ (family, health) and „pull“ (knowledge about the country, family formation) factors are important. The move also is facilitated by the chain migration factors. The importance of the economic reasons for migration is revealed in cases of financial insecurity (loss of employment, threat of company bankruptcy, financial difficulties in the parents’ family etc.). Economic considerations become significant again, when comparing the job options and working conditions available to migrants. Work in the care sector for older people is seen as relatively easy, accessible and well paid. Other “push” factors were related to an unsatisfactory life situation, including stressful employment, and unsatisfying family relationships. The desire to get to know a foreign country, the opportunity to start a family or establish oneself there can work as „pull“ factors. The decision to emigrate was supported by the chain migration factors – encouragement, help and support of previously established immigrants. In some cases, it emerged as an independent factor of migration people emigrated, invited by relatives or acquaintances from abroad even though they did not initially plan to migrate.
With the rapidly growing share of older people in Lithuania and the underdeveloped care services, the opportunity to retain potential emigrants by creating attractive working conditions for them in Lithuania, remains untapped. Policies should aim to improve the working conditions and opportunities in the care sector in Lithuania in order to encourage Lithuanians to stay in the country. In addition, regulations to better absorb (returning) migrants should be in place, given the ongoing movement between countries.
Changes Made to Orders Placed by Overnight Admitting Residents on Teaching Rounds the Next Day
Authors: Chiel Laura , Freiman Eli , Yarahuan Julia , Parsons Chase , Landrigan Christopher P. , Winn Ariel S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Increased focus on health care quality and safety has generally led to additional resident supervision by attending physicians. At our children’s hospital, residents place orders overnight that are not explicitly reviewed by attending physicians until morning rounds. We aimed to categorize the types of orders that are added or discontinued on morning rounds the morning after admission to a resident team and to understand the rationale for these order additions and discontinuations.

METHODS
We used our hospital’s data warehouse to generate a report of orders placed by residents overnight that were discontinued the next morning and orders that were added on rounds the morning after admission to a resident team from July 1, 2017 to June 29, 2018. Retrospective chart review was performed on included orders to determine the reason for order changes.

RESULTS
Our report identified 5927 orders; 538 were included for analysis after exclusion of duplicate orders, administrative orders, and orders for patients admitted to non-Pediatric Hospital Medicine services. The reason for order discontinuation or addition was medical decision-making (n = 357, 66.4%), change in patient trajectory (n = 151, 28.1%), and medical error (n = 30, 5.6%). Medical errors were most commonly related to medications (n = 24, 80%) and errors of omission (n = 19, 63%).

CONCLUSIONS
New or discontinued orders commonly resulted from evolving patient management decisions or changes in patient trajectory; medical errors represented a small subset of identified orders. Medical errors were often errors of omission, suggesting an area to direct future safety initiatives.