bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimated Date of Delivery with Electronic Medical Records by a Hybrid GBDT-GRU Model
Authors: Wu Yina , Zhang Yichao , Zou Xu , Yuan Zhenming , Hu Wensheng , Lu Sha , Sun Xiaoyan , Wu Yingfei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: An accurate estimated date of delivery (EDD) helps pregnant women make adequate preparations before delivery and avoid the panic of parturition. EDD is normally derived from some formulates or estimated by doctors based on last menstruation period and ultrasound examinations. The main aim of this study was to develop a hybrid model to improve the accuracy of EDD and promote the health and safety of pregnant women and fetuses. Methods: This study attempted to combine antenatal examinations and electronic medical records to develop a hybrid model based on Gradient Boosting Decision Tree and Gated Recurrent Unit (GBDT-GRU). Besides exploring the features that affect the EDD, GBDT-GRU model obtained the results by dynamic prediction of different stages. The mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were used to compare the performance among the different prediction methods. In addition, we evaluated predictive performances of different prediction models by comparing the proportion of pregnant women under the error of different days. Results: The clinical data were collected with 33,222 pregnancy examination records from 5537 Chinese pregnant women who have given birth. Experimental results showed that the hybrid GBDT-GRU model outperformed other prediction methods with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.84, mean square error (MSE) of 41.73. We also found that the GBDT-GRU model had a smaller deviation by comparing the bias between the actual delivery date and the EDD under different methods. Conclusions: In comparison with other prediction methods, the GBDT-GRU model provided better performance results. The results of this study are helpful for the development of guidelines for clinical delivery treatments, as it can assist clinicians in making correct decisions during obstetric examinations.
Carnosol Induces Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits Invasion and Proliferation in Skin Epidermoid Cancer in Vitro Through MMP11-EGFR Pathway
Authors: Jiang Shiqiu , Liu Hairong , Zhang Jie , Zhang Fang , Fan Jiawei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose: The anti-tumor effect of carnosol has been revealed in cancers. This research intends to explore the role and underlying mechanisms of carnosol in the skin cancer in vitro. Methods: Online database GEPIA was used to preliminarily analyze MMP11 expression in skin cancer and further performed overall survival evaluation based on TCGA data. 0, 5µM, 10 µM, 20 µM carnosol was added into the skin cancer A431 cell culture. Later, RT-PCR method detected the mRNA expression of MMP-11 and Elisa kits measured the concentrations of MMP11, phosphor-EGFR and total EGFR proteins as well as the biomarkers related to proliferation (Ki67) and EMT (E-cadherin and Vimentin) as well as Casepase-3. The 20µM carnosol group was selected to further study the regulatory effect of MMP11 in A431 cells.Colony formation examined the cell proliferation. Flow cytometry method checked cell apoptosis while Transwell method explored the cell invasion and migration. Results: MMP11 is upregulated in skin cancer and lower level of MMP11 or EGFR expression is correlated with higher overall survival rates. Carnosol addition inhibited the mRNA expression of MMP11 and lowered the protein concentrations of MMP11 and phosphor-EGFR. In addition, Ki67 and Vimentin concentration was inhibited by carnosol while E-cadherin was instead promoted. Caspase-3 activity was enhanced by carnosol. Upregulation of MMP11 recovered EGFR activation, cell proliferation and invasion while inhibited apoptosis, partly counteracted the function of carnosol in cells. Conclusion: Carnosol might induce cell apoptosis and inhibits invasion and proliferation in skin epidermoid cancer in vitro through MMP11-EGFR pathway.
The Perceptions and Experience of Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Taiwan: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Su Mei-Chen , Chang Min-Yu , Sun Jui-Chiung 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: At present, most research related to GDM investigates disease control from the perspective of medical care givers. Medical professionals often lack understanding of the life context of GDM, which not only alienates them from the experience of patients with GDM but also leads to the provision of health care and the formulation of policies that are not appropriate for women. The objective of the present study was to explore the perceptions and experience of women with GDM in Taiwan.Methods: A descriptive phenomenological approach was applied to conduct this study. Purposive sampling was utilized to select 22 women with GDM from a medical centre in northern Taiwan. Data were collected from October 2017 and July 2018 through in-depth interviews using semi-structured and open-ended questions. Data were analysed according to Giorgi’s phenomenological method.Results: Four themes emerged from the data: Unexpectedly having a high-risk pregnancy, Beliefs of effects of blood glucose control, Perceived obstacles of implementing blood glucose control and Maternal duty to ensure the safety of mother and child.Conclusions: Health professionals must be able to understand the experience and perception of women with GDM. In addition to the medical care needs for women with GDM, their culture, the emotional impact of the disease, and their feelings and difficulties in the face of the disease must be considered to ensure that women receive comprehensive perinatal care.
Association of Intimate Partner Violence and Other Risk Factors With&nbsp;HIV Infection Among Married Women in India: Evidence From National Family Health Survey 2015-16
Authors: Shri Neha , T. Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is fuelled by gender inequality and disparity, which has resulted in a fundamental violation of women’s human rights. This study tries to find the association of intimate partner violence and other risk factors with the occurrence of HIV infection among married women in India.Data and Methods: This study is based on nationally representative data from the Indian National Family Health Survey (2015–16). Bivariate analysis and Multivariate analysis has been performed to determine the prevalence of HIV and Intimate Partner Violence. Logistic regression analysis is performed to find out the association of lifetime intimate partner violence and other factors with HIV infection among currently married women.Results: Married women who had faced physical, sexual, and emotional violence from their husbands/partners were almost twice more likely to have tested HIV positive compared to married women who did not suffer from violence [OR: 1.90, CI: 1.91-1.97]. The likelihood of testing for HIV positive was significantly higher among the married women whose husbands drink alcohol [OR: 2.49, CI: 1.69-3.66]. Interestingly, the use of condoms did not show any significant association with positive HIV status. Again, having more than one partner had a significant positive association with testing positive for HIV among married women [OR: 2.40, CI: 1.30-4.42].Conclusion: The findings of the study have shown that factors such as violence, having an alcoholic husband, increased number of lifetime sexual partners, having no financial autonomy, being sexually inactive for weeks, belonging to vulnerable social groups, and urban place of residence are important risk factors of HIV infection among married women in India.
Structure of Variability in Scanning Movement Predicts Braille Reading Performance in Children
Authors: Nonaka Tetsushi , Ito Kiyohide , Stoffregen Thomas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Among children learning to read braille, we asked whether the quantitative kinematics of scanning movements of the reading finger would be related to the proficiency of braille reading. Over a period of 12 months, we recorded the position and orientation of the reading fingers of eight congenitally or early blind children. We found that the strength of long-range power-law temporal correlations in the velocity fluctuations increased with performance in braille reading. In addition, we found that the variations in the angular orientation of the reading finger were related to braille reading performance. These results confirm that the quantitative kinematics of finger scanning movements were related to functional performance in braille reading. The results add to the growing body of evidence that long-range temporal correlations in exploratory behavior can predict perceptual performance, and that scanning movements that center important tactile information on the small, high resolution area contribute to the pickup of information.
Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Essential Oil and Hydrosol From Piper Longum Lour. Fruit and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Song Fei , Huang Liyun , Qin Weiquan , Chen Hua , liu Liyun , Tang Minmin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this study, essential oil (EO) of Piper longum L. (PL) fruit was extracted by solvent-free microwave assisted extraction (SFME) and hydroditillation (HD) with hydrosol obtained as a by-product. Operational conditions for SFME were maximized by response surface methodology (RSM) combined with a Box-Behnken design (BBD). Results indicated that the maximum extraction rate of EO by SFME with the optimal parameters was 0.747%, which was significantly higher than 0.496% of HD method. The EOs analyzed by GC-MS, presented 50 and 36 compounds constituting 95.99% and 98.52% of the total peak area obtained by SFME and HD, respectively. The principal components of the both oils were sesquiterpenes and aliphatics while SFME EO contained more bioactive compounds of terpenoids. The predominant components of SFME and HD hydrosols were eugenol (25.44% SFME; 22.82% HD) and linalool (14.10% SFME; 22.37% HD). Trans-isoeugenol, observed for the first time in PL fruit, was presented in SFME hydrosol and took up 14.33% of all the detected compounds. Both the EO and hydrosol extracted by SFME possessed better antioxidant properties than those from HD method, which indicated that SFME was a superior approach to simultaneously obtain the two products.
Locality and Conservation Laws: How, in the presence of symmetry, locality restricts realizable unitaries
Authors: Marvian Iman 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
According to an elementary result in quantum computing, any unitary transformation on a composite system can be generated using 2-local unitaries, i.e., those that act only on two subsystems. Beside its fundamental importance in quantum computing, this result can also be regarded as a statement about the dynamics of systems with local Hamiltonians: although locality puts various constraints on the short-term dynamics, it does not restrict the possible unitary evolutions that a composite system with a general local Hamiltonian can experience after a sufficiently long time. We ask if such universality remains valid in the presence of conservation laws and global symmetries. In particular, can k-local symmetric unitaries on a composite system generate all symmetric unitaries on that system? Surprisingly, it turns out that the answer is negative in the case of continuous symmetries, such as U(1) and SU(2): generic symmetric unitaries cannot be implemented, even approximately, using local symmetric unitaries. In the context of quantum thermodynamics this means that generic energy-conserving unitary transformations on a composite system cannot be implemented by applying local energy-conserving unitary transformations on the components. We also show how this no-go theorem can be circumvented via catalysis: any globally energy-conserving unitary can be implemented using a sequence of 2-local energy-conserving unitaries, provided that one can use a single ancillary qubit (catalyst).
The Biogeography of Dust in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Rudich Yinon , Gat Daniella , Cytryn Eddie , Zimmermann Ralf 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The atmospheric microbiome, the aerobiome, represents a complex mixture of suspended microorganisms originating from different environments, e.g., soil, marine environments, and plants. Aerobiomes sampled around the globe show distinct compositions, yet some common features might be observed. Defining these similarities and differences will contribute to our understanding of this understudied environment. In this study, we sequenced the metagenomes of atmospheric dust collected in Israel, representing different particulate matter (PM) concentrations, dust origins and atmospheric trajectories. The metagenomes were compared to publicly available atmospheric metagenomes, as well as to marine and soil metagenomes from the Eastern Mediterranean region. This study helps elucidate the role of dust storms in replenishing the atmosphere with bacteria, fungi and archaea, which facilitate essential biogeochemical processes, by investigating microbiomes and functional genes from dust metagenomes. Our results reveal a high level of similarity between metagenomes of dust sampled in Israel and metagenomes of dust collected in Saudi Arabia asynchronically. Moreover, by identifying taxa and genes that are correlated with PM concentrations, we suggest a possible "core" atmospheric microbiome composed mainly of fungi. Application of the SourceTracker algorithm revealed an inverse correlation between the "core" aerobiome and the fraction of soil-derived bacteria and archaea in the dust metagenomes. Marine microbiomes contributed very little to the dust microbiome, even in dust that traversed the Mediterranean and Red Seas. The dust metagenomes showed a high relative abundance of genes associated with antibiotic resistance, sporulation and the ability to degrade aromatic pollutants, which could not be traced to any of the natural microbiomes that were examined. This study represents an important step toward integrating the knowledge accumulated on the global aerobiome and reveals the important role of dust storms in contributing to the presence of various environmentally relevant microbial functions.
Incidence and Predictive Factors of Distal Pedicle Screw Loosening Followed Posterior Corrective Surgery for Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Longjie , Sun Zhuoran , Jiang Shuai , Li Weishi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of distal pedicle screw loosening (DPSL) following posterior decompression and instrumented fusion for DLS, to search for predictable risk factors for DPSL, and hope to provide references in decision making and surgical planning for spine surgeons. MethodsOne hundred and fifty-three consecutive DLS patients surgically treated between January 2013 and July 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnostic criteria for DPSL developed by X-ray include the radiolucent area (thicker than 1 mm) around screw and the “double halo” sign defined as the presence of radiolucent area and radiopaque rim at the same X-ray. According to the occurrence of DPSL at two-year follow-up, patients were divided into two groups: study group (screw loosening) and control group (without screw loosening). To investigate predictive factors for distal pedicle screw loosening, three categorized factors were analyzed statistically.ResultsDPSL was detected in 72 of 153 patients (47.1%) at two-year follow up, and were enrolled as study group. Another 81 patients presented no screw loosening at two-year follow up, and were enrolled as control group. Hounsfield unit (HU) value was lower in study group than that in control group. Fusion level was longer in study group than that in control group. Lower instrumented vertebrae on L5 was less in study group than that in control group. Posterolateral fusion was less in study group than that in control group. Preoperative Cobb angle, postoperative Cobb angle, Cobb angle correction, preoperative lumbosacral coronal angle (LSCA), LSCA correction, preoperative thoracolumbar junction (TL), postoperative TL were larger in study group than those in control group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that low Bone mineral density (BMD) (<169 HU), posterolateral fusion, Cobb angle correction (>16 degrees), LSCA correction (>9 degrees) were independently associated with DPSL.Conclusions﻿The incidence of DPSL following posterior decompression and instrumented fusion for DLS is 47.1%. Low BMD, large correction of both main curve and fractional curve are predictive factors for DPSL, while posterolateral fusion is a protective factor.
Union of foot/ankle Arthrodesis: A Registry Study of Low-intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS)
Authors: White Neil , Lau Johnny , Ong Kevin , Kurtz Steven , Lin Sheldon 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Bone grafts and bone stimulation devices are used as adjuncts to foot/ankle arthrodesis to improve healing and reduce revision risk. Union rates of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and the factors associated with improved healing were evaluated. Methods: From a prospective arthrodesis/fracture registry for EXOGEN (Bioventus LLC), treatment success for foot/ankle arthrodesis patients were was evaluated, based on both clinical (solid and pain-free on manual stress) and radiological (3 of 4 cortices bridging) criteria. Associations between union rates and surgical treatments, comorbidities, and medications were tested.Results: EXOGEN was used by a total of 235 primary and 16 revision foot/ankle arthrodesis patients. Of these, 41.4% used EXOGEN within 90 days of the fracture/arthrodesis. EXOGEN use within 90 days of the fracture/arthrodesis was associated with improved union rates (overall group (p=0.004, odds ratio (OR) 3.675 (95% CI: 1.459-9.258)); primary group (p=0.007, OR 3.383 (95% CI: 1.335-8.574))). The overall union rate was 86.9% (primary: 86.4%; revision: 93.8%). Patients with the comorbidity of diabetes, obesity, or current smoker were not associated with a higher non-union rate (p=0.779). Other comorbidities were not associated with increased non-union rates (Charcot disease p=0.614, NSAID p=0.862, steroids p=0.647). For all patients, union rates were 94.2% (EXOGEN use ≤90 days post-fracture/arthrodesis) and 81.6% (>90 days). Conclusions: Union rates for foot/ankle arthrodesis with adjunctive LIPUS were comparable to other therapies. Known patient risk factors for non-union were not found to be associated with impaired healing for the LIPUS patients, suggesting the possibility that LIPUS may mitigate these known risk factors.
Extended Myectomy for Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Saitoh Daiki , Saji Mike , Takanashi Schuichiro 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundApical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that predominantly affects the left ventricle apex and rarely involves the right ventricular apex or both apexes. Traditional treatment for apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is heart transplantation. Although surgical myectomy approaching the apex has been available for decades, its safety and accuracy greatly depend on the surgeon’s skills and experience.Case presentationThe first case is of a 63-year-old man with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in whom a preoperative contrast computed tomography revealed apical hypertrophy and complete apical cavity obliteration. The patient underwent extended myectomy. The inside of the apex cavity was filled with abnormal muscles. Using the transaortic approach, the location of the bilateral papillary muscle was confirmed, which provided the required orientation. The abnormal muscle mass was successfully resected, and postoperative end-diastolic volume was extremely increased. The second case is of a 43-year-old man with an apical left ventricular aneurysm and mid- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy obstruction. The thin-walled apical aneurysm contained a large apical-basal band. After detecting the bilateral papillary muscle, mid-ventricular myectomy was performed from the apex. During postoperative catheterization, there was no pressure gradient between the left ventricle and aorta.ConclusionsWe reviewed two cases of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, efficiently treated using extended apical myectomy. Although apical myectomy is an uncommon procedure, the cases presented herein show that it can successfully manage apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. However, it is important to secure the postoperative left ventricular end-diastolic volume.
Association between hyperlipidemia and chronic kidney disease in a Japanese population; a cross-sectional study
Authors: SHIRAISHI Yuko AGO , ISHIKAWA Yukiko , ISHIKAWA Joji , MATSUMURA Masami , ISHIKAWA Shizukiyo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Strategies to prevent the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are now an important theme in clinical practice due to increased life expectancy. The present study investigated the prevalence of CKD as well as lipid profiles affecting CKD.
Methods

In total, 5,169 subjects were eligible for a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Jichi Medical School Cohort Study. We examined CKD subjects with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 59 (mL/min/1.73m2) or lower and independent factors associated with reductions in eGFR.
Results

The prevalence of CKD was 17.7%. Age, systolic blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia were defined as related factors for CKD. The lowest, second, third, and highest quartile ranges of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were 0-166, 167–188, 189–212, and 213 mg/dL or higher and 0–71, 72–100, 101–148, and 149 mg/dL or higher, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) of Q2 to Q4 of TC relative to that of Q1 for CKD increased linearly [OR (95%CI): Q2, 1.3 (1.0-1.7); Q3, 1.38 (1.1–1.8); Q4, 1.5 (1.4–2.4)]. The ORs of Q2 and Q3 of TG for CKD did not increase, whereas that of Q4 did [OR (95% CI): Q2, 0.95 (0.7–1.2); Q3, 0.98 (0.8–1.2); Q4, 1.21 (1.0-1.5)].
Conclusion

TC and TG elevations were both independently associated with CKD. The relationship with CKD became stronger as TC increased, and TG was considered to have a threshold of 149 mg/dL. Prospective studies are expected in the future.