bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjustment of the iodine ICRP population pharmacokinetic model for the use in thyroid cancer patients after thyroidectomy
Authors: Taprogge Jan , Carnegie-Peake Lily , Murray Iain , Gear Jonathan I , Flux Glenn D 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Biokinetic models developed for healthy humans are not appropriate to describe biokinetics in thyroid cancer patients following thyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to adjust the population model for iodine proposed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for the use in these patients. Rate constants of the ICRP publication 128 model for iodine were adjusted using the population modelling software package Monolix to describe activity retention in whole-body, thyroid, blood and protein-bound iodine observed in 23 patients. The new set of rate constants was compared to the four uptake scenarios proposed in ICRP publication 128. Flow from the inorganic iodide in blood compartment into the first thyroid compartment decreases to 0.15 d−1 compared to a value of 7.27 d−1 for the ICRP publication 128 model with a medium uptake. The transfer from first to second thyroid compartments and the outflow from the second thyroid compartment increases. An increased turnover rate of extrathyroidal organic iodine is observed. The rate constant from inorganic iodide in blood to kidney was also adjusted. Overall a good agreement was found between the adjusted model and the activity retention in thyroid cancer patients. The adjustment of population pharmacokinetic models to describe the biokinetic properties of specific patient populations for therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals is essential to capture the changes in biokinetics. The proposed set of rate constants for the established ICRP publication 128 model can be used to more accurately assess radiation protection requirements for the treatment of thyroid cancer patients using radioiodine.
Medical management: major lessons learned from the Chernobyl accident (the review)
Authors: Samoylov A S , Bushmanov A Yu , Galstyan I A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Thirty-five years have passed since the moment of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. It is quite a sufficient period to assess the correctness of the organisation of medical care for victims, to summarise the results of monitoring the health status of various groups of persons involved in the accident, including its direct participants. Radiation from a massive source of relatively uniform gamma radiation and a heterogeneous source of beta radiation can cause affected people to develop acute radiation syndrome (ARS) of varying severity, including non-curable forms of the disease ARS developed in 134 patients; 28 patients from 134 with ARS died in a short time (100 d) after exposure. Among the patients whose disease ended in death, 2/3 of the outcome could be due to radiation skin lesions (19 people). Treatment of ARS varying severity, which was combined with common skin burns with beta radiation, requires long-term specialised treatment. The experience of treating this group of patients has demonstrated that the indications for bone marrow transplantation in the curable form of ARS are limited. The percentage of victims who have absolute indications for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and in whom this procedure will lead to an improved prognosis for life is very small. Recovery of own myelopoiesis and survival are possible after whole-body irradiation from 6 to 8 Gy, which was found after rejection of haploidentical human leucocyte antigen transplantation, as well as in patients who did not use bone marrow transplantation due to the absence of a corresponding donor. Patients who have undergone ARS need lifelong medical supervision and the provision of necessary medical care.
Phase interference for probing topological fractional charge in a BiSbTeSe2-based Josephson junction array
Authors: Brevoord J M , Wielens D H , Lankhorst M , Díez-Mérida J , Huang Y , Li C , Brinkman A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Fractional charges can be induced by magnetic fluxes at the interface between a topological insulator (TI) and a type-II superconductor due to axion electrodynamics. In a Josephson junction array with a hole in the middle, these electronic states can have phase interference in an applied magnetic field with

4
×
2
π

period, in addition to the 2π interference of the Cooper pairs. Here, we test an experimental configuration for probing the fractional charge and report the observation of phase interference effect in superconducting arrays with a hole in the middle in both Au- and TI-based devices. Our numerical simulations based on resistive shunted capacitive junction model are in good agreement with the experimental results. However, no clear sign of an axion charge-related interference effect was observed. We will discuss possible reasons and perspectives for future experiments.
Synchronisation conditions in the Kuramoto model and their relationship to seminorms
Authors: Bronski Jared C , Carty Thomas E , DeVille Lee 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper we address two questions about the synchronisation of coupled oscillators in the Kuramoto model with all-to-all coupling. In the first part we use some classical results in convex geometry to prove bounds on the size of the frequency set supporting the existence of stable, phase locked solutions and show that the set of such frequencies can be expressed by a seminorm which we call the Kuramoto norm. In the second part we use some ideas from extreme order statistics to compute upper and lower bounds on the probability of synchronisation for very general frequency distributions. We do so by computing exactly the limiting extreme value distribution of a quantity that is equivalent to the Kuramoto norm.
Bright multiplexed source of indistinguishable single photons with tunable GHz-bandwidth at room temperature
Authors: Davidson O , Finkelstein R , Poem E , Firstenberg O 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Narrowband single photons that couple well to atomic ensembles could prove essential for future quantum networks, but the efficient generation of such photons remains an outstanding challenge. We realize a spatially-multiplexed heralded source of single photons that are inherently compatible with the commonly employed D2 line of rubidium. Our source is based on four-wave mixing in hot rubidium vapor, requiring no laser cooling or optical cavities, and generates single photons with high rate and low noise. We use Hong–Ou–Mandel interference to verify the indistinguishability of the photons generated in two different (multiplexed) channels. We further demonstrate a five-fold tunability of the photons’ temporal width. The experimental results are well reproduced by a theoretical model.
Path Laplacians versus fractional Laplacians as nonlocal operators on networks
Authors: Estrada Ernesto 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Here we study and compare nonlocal diffusion processes on networks based on two different kinds of Laplacian operators. We prove that a nonlocal diffusion process on a network based on the path Laplacian operator always converges faster than the standard diffusion. The nonlocal diffusion based on the fractional powers of the graph Laplacian frequently converges slower than the local process. Additionally, the path-based diffusion always displays smaller average commute time and better diffusive efficiency than the local diffusive process. On the contrary, the fractional diffusion frequently has longer commute times and worse diffusive efficiency than the standard diffusion process. Another difference between the two processes is related to the way in which they operate the diffusion through the nodes and edges of the graph. The fractional diffusion occurs in a backtracking way, which may left the diffusive particle trapped just behind obstacles in the nodes of the graph, such as a weighted self-loop. The path-diffusion operates in a non-backtracking way, which may represent through-space jumps that avoids such obstacles. We show that the fractional Laplacian cannot differentiate between three classes of brain cellular tissues corresponding to healthy, inflamed and glioma samples. The path Laplacian diffusive distance correctly classifies 100% of the mentioned samples. These results illuminates about the potential areas of applications of both kinds of nonlocal operators on networks.
Global air quality and health impacts of domestic and international shipping
Authors: Zhang Yiqi , Eastham Sebastian D , Lau Alexis KH , Fung Jimmy CH , Selin Noelle E 
Published: July 2021

AbstractShipping activities contribute to degraded air quality and premature mortalities worldwide, but previous assessments of their health impact have not yet differentiated contributions from domestic and international shipping at the global level. The impacts of domestic shipping can affect different populations, and domestic and international shipping emissions are governed under different regulatory systems. Thus, a consistent global analysis comparing the health impacts from domestic and international shipping could inform policy making in attempts to coordinate policies across multiple scales to address the health burden of shipping emissions. In this study, we create bottom-up global ship emission inventories based on ship activity records from the automatic identification system, and then apply the GEOS-Chem atmospheric model and global exposure mortality model to quanitfy shipping-related PM2.5-concentrations and associated mortalities. We also quantify the public health benefits under different control scenarios including the 2020 0.5% sulphur cap, a post-2020 0.1% sulphur cap, and a post-2020 Tier III NOxstandard. We find that 94 200 (95% confidence interval: 84 800–103 000) premature deaths were associated with PM2.5exposure due to maritime shipping in 2015, of which 83% were associated with international shipping activities and 17% with domestic shipping. Although the global health burdens of ship emissions are dominated by international shipping, the fraction varies by region: 44% of shipping-related premature deaths in China come from domestic shipping activities. We estimate about 30 200 (27 200–33 000) avoided premature deaths per year under a scenario consistent with a 2020 0.5% sulphur cap. We find that a post-2020 Tier III NOxstandard would have greater benefits than a post-2020 0.1% sulphur cap, with the two policies reducing annual shipping-attributable PM2.5-related premature deaths by 33 300 (30 100–36 400) and 5070 (4560–5540), respectively.
Preparation and characterization of cellulose microcrystalline made from palm oil midrib
Authors: Raja Pada Mulia , Rangkuti Ika Ucha P. , Hendra Ginting M. , Giyanto  , Siregar Wahyu F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Palm oil midribs are solid wastes from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) plantations which have high cellulose content which has not been utilized in increasing economic value in the palm oil industry. This study aims to produce Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) from PKS and characterize MCC. The stages of this research are 1). Lignocellulose delignification from oil palm midribs with HNO3 3,5% and NaNO2 at a temperature of 90°C for 2 hours, followed by heating in the mixture of NaOH 2% and Na2SO3 2% at a temperature of 50°C for 2 hours. The second stage of delignification process was using a solution of NaOH 10%. 2). Hydrolysis of α-Cellulose (the results from delignification) with a solution of H2SO4 with each concentration of 1 N; 1.5 N; 2N; 2.5N; 3N; 3.5N and simmer at 80°C temperature for 30 minutes. From the hydrolysis results, the optimum yield from MCC is 87.9% using concentration of H2SO4 2,5N. 3). The resulting MCC was then analysed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). FTIR uptake from the MCC results showed the existence of wave numbers at 3344.57 cm-1 and 2897.08 cm-1 which indicated the presence of OH and CH groups. The results of the analysis with SEM showed that the MCC produced had a particle diameter of < 10 µm. From the results of the analysis using XRD, it is known that MCC has a crystallinity of 76.47%.
The Effect of Trichoderma and Onion Extract on the Success of Grafting in Mango Seedlings
Authors: Sentosa Feroniza Berlian , Sutarman  , Nurmalasari Intan Rahma 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of Trichoderma asperellum Tc-Clkt-01 and shallot extract and their interaction on the success of grafting mango seedlings. The factorial experiments in this study were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor is Trichoderma consisting of without and with Trichoderma. The second factor was the concentration of shallot extract above: 0, 15, and 30 ml.l−1. With three replications, 18 experimental units were obtained. The variables observed were: shoot appearance time (days) and shoot growth length (mm) one to four weeks after grafting. All data from the observations were analyzed using ANOVA at the 5% level; the average of each treatment was compared with controls (without Trichoderma and without red onion extract). Trichoderma sp. isolate Tc-Clkt-01 accelerated the emergence time of shoots by 26.87% and increased shoot length growth by 41.76-43.71% compared to the control. Onion extract at a concentration of 15 ml.L−1 accelerated the emergence of shoots by 10.45% and increased shoot length increase by 20.59% compared to the control. The combination of Trichoderma and shallot extract at a concentration of 30 ml.l−1 accelerated the emergence of shoots by 23.17% and increased shoot length by 32.94% compared to the control.
Determination of Volatile Compounds on Traditional Fermentation of Chao Teri
Authors: Syahriati  , Nur Fitriani UA , Yusuf Muhammad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Chao teri is a very popular product in Sulawesi Island, especially in South Sulawesi of Indonesia. In general, the processing method of ikan peda is divided into two stages: the first and the second fermentation. The first fermentation is to develop the characteristic flavor and texture of chao teri. The second fermentation is principally a maturation phase. Bacteria play an essential role in the fermentation process of chao teri. Chao teri has a thick texture such as pasta, brown or red, has a distinctive and slightly sour, salty taste. Chao teri is commonly consumed by the public as a complement to side dishes or used as flavor enhancers in food. Aromatic compounds that arise after the fermentation process are expected to be a reference for the industry to develop products into spices or food additives. This study aims to determine volatile aromatic components using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) with Solid Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME). This research produced 73 aromatic compounds consisting of 12 alcohols, two organic acids, 9 aldehydes, eight ketones, four esters, one furan, 31 hydrocarbons, and six miscellaneous compounds. Most hydrocarbons of 56.48% and alcohol with the derivate compound are pentadecane and ethanol of 31.04%. This research is expected to introduce chao teri products as traditional products typical of Indonesia, especially South Sulawesi that can be developed as a natural flavoring in food.
Physicochemical, nutritional, and color characteristic of Nori Snack from Snakehead Fish (Ophiocephalus striatus), Eucheuma cottonii, and Gracilaria sp
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Nur Fitriani UA , Syahriati  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Seaweeds thrive in Indonesia. Most Indonesians reject seaweed-based products on the market due to their unappealing taste. This research aims to create a nori snack (seaweed snack) that appeals to the Indonesian community’s taste using Eucheuma cottonii and Gracilaria sp in order to popularize seaweed consumption in Indonesia. Addition of snakehead fish to increase the nutritional value of protein in nori snacks. Traditional nori making techniques developed to obtain nori snacks that has added value in terms of nutritional value, taste, flavor and texture. Nori snack samples showed increases in carbohydrate and protein, but low in fat contents. The addition of snakehead fish, Eucheuma cottonii, and Gracilaria sp can increase the nutritional value of nori snacks so that they become a reference as functional food for the community.
New Insight of Surface and Subsurface Sedimentology of Salodik Group, Banggai Basin
Authors: Herdiansyah Firman , Burhannudinnur M , Ali Jambak M , Irano Teddy 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The research area is situated in the Eastern Arm of Sulawesi, Banggai Basin. The complexity of geological components in Sulawesi greatly affects the pattern of sedimentary rocks. Certainly, these conditions have implications of the petroleum system in this basin. The characterization of carbonate rock in the Banggai Basin requires the integration of multi-disciplines in order to conduct reservoir characterization on a detailed scale. This study focuses on integrating surface to subsurface sedimentology aspects to evaluate the reservoir characterization. The two methods are used to analyzed, the surface field observation and subsurface study. These methods will then be assisted by several methods, such as petrographic analysis, XRD and SEM, biostratigraphic analysis, and routine core analysis. The outcrop sampling is carried out in the northward and subsequently integrated with subsurface in the southward (Tiaka-Tiara Field). In the surface area, Tomori Formation has two part, Lower Tomori Formation is composed of Large Foram-Red Algae facies with deposited inner-middle sublittoral. Wherein, Upper Tomori Formation is composed of planktic-large foram packstone-wackestone with deposited Middle-Outer Sublittoral and skeletal packstone-wackestone with deposited Inner-Middle Sublittoral. Minahaki Formation is overlying of Tomori Formation, there are two facies namely large foram packstone-mudstone with deposited at Middle Sublittoral-Upper bathyal and skeletal packstone-wackestone with deposited at Inner-Middle Sublittoral. The youngest formation of the Salodik Group on the surface is Mentawa Formation where this member is reefal facies. On the subsurface, the Salodik Group consists of Tomori Formation, Matindok Formation, and Minahaki Formation. The Tomori Formation was deposited at Bathyal-Inner shelf with mudstone-grainstone facies and slightly dolomite. Younger than Tomori Formation on the subsurface is calcareous sedimentary rocks, known as Matindok Formation. The Minahaki Formation was directly overlying the Matindok Formation in the transgressive phase.
Laboratory Study: The Effect of Clay Mineral in Sandstone on Resistivity of Rock
Authors: Sitaresmi Ratnayu , Rosidelly  , Mega Lia , Taufiq Fathaddin M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the cases of low resistivity pay zone in several oil and gas fields is due to the presence of shale in the sandstone. This can lead to misinterpretation of what should be a hydrocarbon prospect zone looking like a water zone. The purpose of this study was to analyze how much influence the presence of shale in the sandstones has so that it is hoped that a solution can be obtained to solve the low resistivity pay zone problem. The greater the percent volume of shale, the greater the percentage decrease in resistivity. This will result in an error reading of the Resistivity price, so that this zone the Sw price looks too high. Thus, the prospect layer of hydrocarbon can be missed. (By Pass Zone). The calculation method with Water Saturation (Sw) correction is based on the Archie formula. To overcome the deviation of the Archie formula on sandstones that contain shale, an empirical approach is used. With this approach, the corrected Sw Archie is the Sw Archie measurement that has been substituted with the Sw Archie parameter and the volume of shale and shale. The empirical equation of the research results is presented in the form of the relationship between shale volume and water saturation. To validate the results of the Corrected Sw Archie calculation, other methods are needed, including: Sw Archie, Indonesia, Simandoux as comparative data. Meanwhile, Sw measurement as reference data. The comparison results show that Sw Archie is corrected to the closest measure to Sw.
The Palu Earthquake Formed a New Geological Structure
Authors: Anugrahadi A. , Sumarto U. , Purwiyono T. T. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon where there is a vibration on the surface due to the sudden release of energy from inside the earth. In October 2018, this event has occurred in Palu, Central Sulawesi and the surrounding areas with a scale of 7.4 Richter Scale. The Palu earthquake has caused quite a lot of damage, not only to facilities and infrastructure as a result of human development, but geologically it has caused various impacts such as the formation of fault activity, ground movements, etc. The purpose of this study is to describe the formation of new geological structures due to the Palu earthquake. There are two methods used in this research, that is analysis based on aerial photographs and field data as supporting data. From these methods, it appears that the fault zone is active during the earthquake and resulting new faults zone with dominant of normal fault and strike-slip fault which have NNW – SSE trend.
Good Governance Role for a Sustainable Solid Waste Management in Rural Community
Authors: Naldi Ari , Herdiansyah Herdis , Saraswati Putri L G 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs one of the problematic countries with the solid waste management issue, Indonesia has created many regulation and initiatives through its central government to local government in dealing with this problem. However, not all region succeeded in solving this solid waste issue as there are lack of good governance implementation in the local government. This study aims to analyse the best practice of good governance’s principles in a local government of Paulan Village which succeeded to develop a sustainable solid waste management for the rural community. This study used qualitative approach through official reports and newspaper publication review, field observation, and an interview in collecting the data. The data were analysed by descriptive content analysis. This study finds that the local government of Paulan Village has proofed that the implementation of good governance has succeeded to maintain the sustainability of solid waste management in Paulan Village. Moreover, it also finds that participation, rule of law, also effectiveness and efficiency are the strongest three of eight good governance principles which influence the sustainability of solid waste management in Desa Paulan.
Managing the uncertainty during COVID-19 pandemic: Communicating disaster and food industry sustainability
Authors: de Leon Myra V. , Susilo Daniel , Putranto Teguh Dwi , Hartati Fadjar Kurnia , Santos Roberto Rudolf T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe global COVID-19 pandemic has affected different industries including the food industry with the fear of transmission of virus. Challenges currently facing the food industry is the food waste and stale food in restaurants, bars and hotels, and rebuilding the trust of people to visit these places given the protocols introduced by the government. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to determine how the food industry and the government should address the sustainability and financial recovery particularly the affected F&B places. The data was gathered from 500 respondents in Indonesia. The findings of the study reveal that majority no longer visits the F&B places and the fear and lack trust with the government’s restrictions was the confirmed reason. For the 38% respondents who already visited these places, they trust the establishments complying with the health and safe protocols. These findings provide insights for F&B places, food industry and the government to develop strategies that will rebuild trust and confidence with the government with proper communication and consequently boost the sustainability of food industry.