bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VPS35 D620N knockin mice recapitulate cardinal features of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Niu Mengyue , Zhao Fanpeng , Bondelid Karina , Siedlak Sandra L. , Torres Sandy , Fujioka Hisashi , Wang Wenzhang , Liu Jun , Zhu Xiongwei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractD620N mutation in the vacuolar protein sorting 35 ortholog (VPS35) gene causes late‐onset, autosomal dominant familial Parkinson's disease (PD) and contributes to idiopathic PD. However, how D620N mutation leads to PD‐related deficits in vivo remains unclear. In the present study, we thoroughly characterized the biochemical, pathological, and behavioral changes of a VPS35 D620N knockin (KI) mouse model with chronic aging. We reported that this VPS35 D620N KI model recapitulated a spectrum of cardinal features of PD at 14 months of age which included age‐dependent progressive motor deficits, significant changes in the levels of dopamine (DA) and DA metabolites in the striatum, and robust neurodegeneration of the DA neurons in the SNpc and DA terminals in the striatum, accompanied by increased neuroinflammation, and accumulation and aggregation of α‐synuclein in DA neurons. Mechanistically, D620N mutation induced mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction in aged mice likely through enhanced VPS35‐DLP1 interaction and increased turnover of mitochondrial DLP1 complexes in vivo. Finally, the VPS35 D620N KI mice displayed greater susceptibility to MPTP‐mediated degeneration of nigrostriatal pathway, indicating that VPS35 D620N mutation increased vulnerability of DA neurons to environmental toxins. Overall, this VPS35 D620N KI mouse model provides a powerful tool for future disease modeling and pharmacological studies of PD. Our data support the involvement of VPS35 in the development of α‐synuclein pathology in vivo and revealed the important role of mitochondrial fragmentation/dysfunction in the pathogenesis of VPS35 D620N mutation‐associated PD in vivo.
Insomnia treatment effects among young adult drinkers: Secondary outcomes of a randomized pilot trial
Authors: Miller Mary Beth , Freeman Lindsey , Park Chan Jeong , Hall Nicole A. , Deroche Chelsea , Sahota Pradeep K. , McCrae Christina S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundCognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) has moderate‐to‐large effects on insomnia among young adult drinkers, with preliminary data indicating that improvements in insomnia may have downstream effects on alcohol‐related consequences. However, the mechanism(s) by which insomnia treatment may facilitate reductions in alcohol‐related problems is unclear. Secondary outcome data from a randomized pilot trial were used to examine CBT‐I effects on four proposed mediators of the insomnia/alcohol link: alcohol craving, delay discounting, negative affect, and difficulties with emotion regulation.MethodsYoung adults (ages 18 to 30 years) with insomnia who reported 1+ binge drinking episode (4/5+ drinks for women/men) in the past month were randomized to receive CBT‐I (n = 28) or to a sleep hygiene control (n = 28). Outcomes were assessed at baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment, and at 1‐month posttreatment.ResultsRelative to those in sleep hygiene, CBT‐I participants reported greater decreases in alcohol craving (d = 0.33) at the end of treatment and greater 1‐month posttreatment decreases in delay discounting of large rewards (d = 0.42). CBT‐I did not have a significant effect on delay discounting of smaller rewards or momentary negative affect. There was also no significant treatment effect on difficulties with emotion regulation, although findings were confounded by a significant group difference at baseline in difficulties with emotion regulation.ConclusionsTreatment of insomnia may lead to improvements in alcohol craving and delay discounting of large rewards among young adult drinkers with insomnia. Additional research examining whether improvement in insomnia is a mechanism for improvement in addiction domains is warranted.
Risk contagion of global stock markets under COVID‐19:A network connectedness method
Authors: Yu Honghai , Chu Wangyu , Ding Yu’ang , Zhao Xuezhou 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 spread throughout the world during 2020, bringing an increase in global financial risk. We use connectedness network to investigate the risk contagion among global stock markets during the COVID‐19 pandemic and analyse its source. Furthermore, we use spectrum analysis to explore the risk contagion effects on different frequency bands, which allows us to explore its speed and channels. We find that the United Kingdom and Italy are core transmitters of risks, and connectedness is mainly driven by low‐frequency components, which demonstrates that the risks are spread by affecting supply chains in global markets and investors’ long‐term expectations for the economy.
The impact of IFRS 10 on consolidated financial reporting
Authors: Bedford Anna , Bugeja Martin , Ma Nelson 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study examines the impact of IFRS 10 adoption on consolidated financial reports. Our evidence suggests that the new standard is associated with firms consolidating fewer subsidiaries and consolidating fewer subsidiaries with non‐majority ownership. The results also indicate that the effects of IFRS 10 adoption are associated with financial reporting incentives. Finally, our results suggest that post‐IFRS 10, the value relevance of equity increased and the value relevance of profit decreased for firms reporting fewer subsidiaries. The findings are of particular interest to accounting standard setters who are currently undertaking their post‐implementation review of the impact of IFRS 10 adoption.
Effects of translocation on survival of nuisance bears
Authors: Bauder J. M. , Ruid D. , Roberts N. M. , Kohn B. , Allen M. L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEffective mitigation of human–wildlife conflict should aim to reduce conflicts while also minimizing wildlife mortality. Translocation is often used to mitigate human–wildlife conflict but translocated individuals may have reduced survival, which could negatively affect population growth and social acceptance of translocation as a management tool. Yet, non‐translocated nuisance individuals may also have low survival due to inherent risks associated with nuisance behavior. We used a 38‐year dataset of 1233 marked and translocated nuisance American black bears (Ursus americanus) as a model system with which to evaluate the impacts of translocation on nuisance bear survival. We used multi‐state mark‐recapture models to estimate annual harvest and non‐harvest mortality rates and tested for effects of translocation distance and harvest rate on recapture and both mortality rates. Recapture probability increased with translocation distance but 75% of translocated bears were translocated ≤75 km and recapture probabilities were <0.05 across these distances. Survival was 0.43 for adult males, 0.56 for adult females, and 0.38–0.40 for yearlings. However, increasing translocation distance reduced both harvest and non‐harvest mortality (β = −0.0044, 95% CI = −0.0081 to −0.0006 and β = −0.0020, 95% CI = −0.0051 to 0.0011, respectively) showing that increasing translocation distance does not negatively impact survival. Our survival estimates were generally lower than those reported for non‐nuisance American black bear populations (0.67–0.83), which likely reflects risks associated with nuisance behavior, such as proximity to human dwellings, agriculture, or roads which in turn may increase harvest and/or road mortality. Our results show that translocation is a useful approach for mitigating human–bear conflict that does not always negatively affect survival. Lower survival of nuisance bears suggests that biologists should focus efforts on reducing the incidences of human–wildlife conflicts (e.g., removing anthropogenic food sources).
Changes in the metabolic profile of human male postmortem frontal cortex and cerebrospinal fluid samples associated with heavy alcohol use
Authors: Kärkkäinen Olli , Kokla Marietta , Lehtonen Marko , Auriola Seppo , Martiskainen Mika , Tiihonen Jari , Karhunen Pekka J. , Hanhineva Kati , Kok Eloise 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHeavy alcohol use is one of the top causes of disease and death in the world. The brain is a key organ affected by heavy alcohol use. Here, our aim was to measure changes caused by heavy alcohol use in the human brain metabolic profile. We analyzed human postmortem frontal cortex and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from males with a history of heavy alcohol use (n = 74) and controls (n = 74) of the Tampere Sudden Death Series cohort. We used a nontargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry‐based metabolomics method. We observed differences between the study groups in the metabolite levels of both frontal cortex and CSF samples, for example, in amino acids and derivatives, and acylcarnitines. There were more significant alterations in the metabolites of frontal cortex than in CSF. In the frontal cortex, significant alterations were seen in the levels of neurotransmitters (e.g., decreased levels of GABA and acetylcholine), acylcarnitines (e.g., increased levels of acylcarnitine 4:0), and in some metabolites associated with alcohol metabolizing enzymes (e.g., increased levels of 2‐piperidone). Some of these changes were also significant in the CSF samples (e.g., elevated 2‐piperidone levels). Overall, these results show the metabolites associated with neurotransmitters, energy metabolism and alcohol metabolism, were altered in human postmortem frontal cortex and CSF samples of persons with a history of heavy alcohol use.
Longitudinal tests of stressor–strain relationships among employed students: The role of core self‐evaluations
Authors: Wang Qiang , Burns Gary N. , Zhang Yucheng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study examined the intraindividual relationships between two stressors and three strains as well as how these relationships can depend on interindividual differences in core self‐evaluations. The hypotheses were tested with four‐wave data from a sample of 147 employed students. Results based on multilevel analysis revealed that relationships between the focal stressors and strains were significant at the within‐person level in the expected directions, except the daily hassles‐physical symptoms relationship. Also, as predicted, three core self‐evaluations were associated with lower initial burnout and physical symptoms, whereas all four core self‐evaluations were associated with higher initial psychological health. Finally, the relationship between the work‐school conflict and burnout was moderated by self‐esteem and emotional stability such that increases in work‐school conflict were more strongly associated with increases in burnout when participants had lower levels of self‐esteem and emotional stability. Limitations and implications for future research on the stressor‐to‐strain effects are discussed.
Middle power behavior under multipolarity: Indonesia and Malaysia in the Middle East since the Arab uprisings
Authors: Burton Guy 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHow do middle powers operate in uncertain multipolar international systems? Through the cases of Malaysia and Indonesia, the article examines their approach in the Middle East after the Arab uprisings. Particular reference is given to their actions in three main areas: the Gulf (especially relations with Saudi Arabia and Iran), the Syrian war (and its blowback in terms of domestic radicalization), and the Palestinian‐Israeli conflict. While the two middle powers’ behavior demonstrated all three possible modes—whether to support, push back or stand apart—what distinguished them was their timing: under multipolarity these different forms of behavior occurred concurrently, in contrast to a more sequenced approach under (global) unipolarity and bipolarity. The findings point to Malaysian and Indonesian actions as examples of “hedging” whereby states seek good relations with all and minimize the risk of problematic entanglements.
@IT2020: An innovative algorithm for allergen immunotherapy prescription in seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: Arasi Stefania , Castelli Sveva , Di Fraia Marco , Villalta Danilo , Tripodi Salvatore , Perna Serena , Dramburg Stephanie , Brighetti Maria Antonia , Conte Mariaelisabetta , Martelli Paola , Sfika Ifigenia , Travaglini Alessandro , Verardo Pier Luigi , Villella Valeria , Matricardi Paolo Maria 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAllergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease‐modifying treatment in patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (SAR). Its efficacy depends on the precise identification of the triggering allergen. However, diagnostics based on retrospective clinical history and sensitization to whole extracts (SWE) often leads to equivocal results.ObjectivesTo assess the usability and impact of a recently established algorithm for a clinical decision support system (@IT2020‐CDSS) for SAR and its diagnostic steps [anamnesis, SWE (skin prick test or serum IgE), component resolved diagnosis, CRD, and real‐time digital symptom recording, eDiary] on doctor's AIT prescription decisions.MethodsAfter educational training on the @IT2020‐CDSS algorithm, 46 doctors (18 allergy specialists, AS, and 28 general practitioners, GP) expressed their hypothetical AIT prescription for 10 clinical index cases. Decisions were recorded repeatedly based on different steps of the algorithm. The usability and perceived impact of the algorithm were evaluated.ResultsThe combined use of CRD and an eDiary increased the hypothetical AIT prescriptions, both among AS and GP (p < .01). AIT prescription for pollen and Alternaria allergy based on anamnesis and SWE was heterogeneous but converged towards a consensus by integrating CRD and eDiary information. Doctors considered the algorithm useful and recognized its potential in enhancing traditional diagnostics.Conclusions and clinical implicationsThe implementation of CRD and eDiary in the @IT2020‐CDSS algorithm improved consensus on AIT prescription for SAR among AS and GP. The potential usefulness of a CDSS for aetiological diagnosis of SAR and AIT prescription in real‐world clinical practice deserves further investigation.
Genetic and clinical aspects of paediatric pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas
Authors: Petenuci Janaina , Guimaraes Augusto G. , Fagundes Gustavo F.C. , Benedetti Anna Flavia F. , Afonso Ana Caroline F. , Pereira Maria Adelaide A. , Zerbini Maria Claudia N. , Siqueira Sheila , Yamauchi Fernando , Soares Silvia C. , Srougi Victor , Tanno Fabio Y. , Chambo Jose L. , Lopes Roberto I. , Denes Francisco T. , Hoff Ana O. , Latronico Ana Claudia , Mendonca Berenice B. , Fragoso Maria Candida B. V. , Almeida Madson Q. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveFew and conflicting reports have characterized the genetics of paediatric pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs). This study aimed to investigate the clinical and genetic features of Brazilian children with PPGL.Patients and MethodsThis study included 25 children (52% girls) with PPGL. The median age at diagnosis was 15 years (4‐19). The median time of follow‐up was 145 months. The genetic investigation was performed by Sanger DNA sequencing, multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification and/or target next‐generation sequencing panel.ResultsOf the 25 children with PPGL, 11 (44%), 4 (16%), 2 (8%), 1 (4%) and 7 (28%) had germline VHL pathogenic variants, SDHB, SDHD, RET and negative genetic investigation, respectively. Children with germline VHL missense pathogenic variants were younger than those with SDHB or SDHD genetic defects [median (range), 12 (4‐16) vs. 15.5 (14‐19) years; P = .027]. Moreover, 10 of 11 cases with VHL pathogenic variants had bilateral pheochromocytoma (six asynchronous and four synchronous). All children with germline SDHB pathogenic variants presented with abdominal paraganglioma (one of them malignant). The two cases with SDHD pathogenic variants presented with head and neck paraganglioma. Among the cases without a genetic diagnosis, 6 and 2 had pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, respectively. Furthermore, metastatic PPGL was diagnosed in four (16%) of 25 PPGL.ConclusionsMost of the paediatric PPGL were hereditary and multifocal. The majority of the affected genes belong to pseudohypoxic cluster 1, with VHL being the most frequently mutated. Therefore, our findings impact surgical management and surveillance of children with PPGL.
The prognostic variables affecting the frontal sinusotomy patency outcome and how to manage: A prospective study
Authors: Khafagy Yasser , Ghonim Mohamed , Elgendy Ahmed , Elzayat Saad 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe study aimed to assess the factors affecting the frontal sinus patency after endoscopic frontal sinusotomy.DesignA prospective cohort study.SettingTertiary centre hospital.Main outcome measuresFifty patients with refractory chronic frontal sinusitis (83 operated frontal sinuses) had frontal sinusotomy and followed up for six months. Multiple operative factors were included the type of the procedure, intraoperative sinus findings, degree of mucosal preservation and middle turbinate stability. Other factors were also assessed, including smoking, the presence of allergic rhinitis, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux and other associated medical comorbidities.ResultsThe sinus patency success rate was 75.9%. There was a significant difference regarding the intraoperative anteroposterior sinus ostium diameter (5.36 ± 1.45 mm vs 8.88 ± 2.38 mm, P‐value: .001* in the failed group and the success group, respectively). There was a significant association between the patency outcome and the presence of associated medical comorbidities (P‐value: .001*), the presence of allergic rhinitis (P‐value: .001*), the degree of sinus mucosal preservation (P‐value: .012*) and the degree of middle turbinate stability (P‐value: .001*). The multivariate analysis showed that the intraoperative anteroposterior diameter of the sinus ostium, middle turbinate stability and presence of allergic rhinitis were significant predictors (P‐value: .012*, .042* and .013*, respectively).ConclusionSinuses with anteroposterior ostium diameters less than 5.36 mm are more susceptible to restenosis. The flail middle turbinate increases the risk of postoperative middle meatus synechia and frontal sinus patency failure. The presence of allergic rhinitis has a negative impact on the patency outcome.
The European baseline series: Criteria for allergen inclusion with reference to formaldehyde releasers
Authors: Wilkinson S Mark , Badulici Sonia , Giménez‐Arnau Ana , Dickel Heinrich , Gonçalo Margarida , Hervella Marcos , Isaksson Marléne , Johansen Jeanne D , Mahler Vera , Thyssen Jacob P , Uter Wolfgang ,   European Baseline Series Taskforce of the European Society of Contact Dermatitis
Published: March 2021

AbstractExisting criteria for inclusion in the European baseline series are summarized. Additional criteria are developed to aid decision making where the current criteria do not yield an unequivocal result. These include a consideration of whether an allergen (hapten) is better placed in a special series and the frequency with which an allergen cross‐reacts with existing markers in the baseline series.
Should methyldibromo glutaronitrile continue to be used in the European baseline Series? A REIDAC national cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mercader‐García Pedro , Pastor‐Nieto María Antonia , Gonzalez‐Perez Ricardo , Cordoba‐Guijarro Susana , Gimenez‐Arnau Ana María , Ruiz‐Gonzalez Inmaculada , Mora‐Fernández Verónica , Miquel Javier , Silvestre‐Salvador Juan Francisco , Ortiz‐Frutos Francisco Javier , Sanz‐Sanchez Tatiana , Rodriguez‐Serna Mercedes , Perez‐Feal Patricia , Sánchez‐Pérez Javier , Heras‐Mendaza Felipe , Serra‐Baldrich Ester , Zaragoza‐Ninet Violeta , Hervella‐Garces Marcos , Gatica‐Ortega María Elena , García‐Doval Ignacio , Descalzo Miguel Ángel , Borrego Leopoldo ,   the REIDAC group
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundMethyldibromo glutaronitrile (MDBGN) was one of the most frequent and relevant allergens found in patch testing at the beginning of this century. In 2008, this preservative was banned from cosmetics in Europe and ever since the prevalence of contact allergy to MDBGN has progressively decreased. Despite that gradual decline, MDBGN is still patch‐tested in most baseline series. This study assessed the frequency of MDBGN sensitization, epidemiological characteristics of allergic patients, and the relevance of positive patch tests in a nationwide Spanish registry (REIDAC).Patients and methodsWe evaluated consecutively patch‐tested patients in all participating centres. Using these data, we calculated the proportion of patients with positive patch tests to MDBGN from June 2018 to June 2020 and evaluated the relevance of the positive patch tests.ResultsOne hundred and fourteen out of 5072 (2.24 %) tested patients were sensitized to MDBGN. Clinical current relevance was confirmed in only one case.ConclusionAlthough the frequency of contact allergy to MDBGN remains high, no clinical significance was found in most of these patients (5072 tests needed to obtain one relevant positive result). The clinical usefulness of this allergen seems weak and its continued inclusion in the European baseline series is questionable.
Early life stress induces a transient increase in hippocampal corticotropin‐releasing hormone in rat neonates that precedes the effects on hypothalamic neuropeptides
Authors: Roque Angélica , Valles Méndez Kinberli Marcela , Ruiz Roberto , Pineda Edel , Lajud Naima 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEarly life stress (ELS) programs hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis activity and affects synaptic plasticity and cognitive performance in adults; however, the effects of ELS during the temporal window of vulnerability are poorly understood. This study aimed to thoroughly characterize the effects of ELS in the form of periodic maternal separation (MS180) during the time of exposure to stress. Hippocampal corticotropin‐releasing hormone (CRH) gene expression and baseline HPA axis activity were analyzed at postnatal (P) days 6, 12, 15, and 21, and in adulthood (P75); these factors were correlated with plasticity markers and adult behavior. Our results indicate that MS180 induces an increase in hippocampal CRH expression at P9, P12, and P15, whereas an increase in hypothalamic CRH expression was observed from P12 to P21. Increased arginine‐vasopressin expression and corticosterone levels were observed only at P21. Moreover, MS180 caused transient alterations in hypothalamic synaptophysin expression during early life. As adults, MS180 rats showed a passive coping strategy in the forced swimming test, cognitive impairments in the object location test, increased hypothalamic CRH expression, and decreased oxytocin (OXT) expression. Spearman's analysis indicated that cognitive impairments correlated with CRH and OXT expression. In conclusion, our data indicate that MS180 induces a transient increase in hippocampal CRH expression in neonates that precedes the effects on hypothalamic neuropeptides, confirming the role of increased CRH during the temporal window of vulnerability as a mediator of some of the detrimental effects of ELS on brain development and adult behavior.