bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overhang, Underhang, and Everything In Between: A Retrospective Analysis of 400 CT-Based Patient-Specific TAR Plans
Authors: Cammack Paul M. , Christensen Jeffrey , Anderle Mathew R. , Brinker Laura , Hume Donald 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Optimal fit and alignment of total ankle replacement (TAR) tibial components has been shown to be associated with risk factors which may affect outcomes and device survival [1]. Excessive component overhang can lead to impingement and localized soft tissue irritation and heterotopic ossification in the posterior joint [2], while component underhang can lead to aseptic loosening due to component subsidence, and hypertrophic bone formation [3]. The aim of this study is to quantify the fit of an anatomic TAR tibial baseplate as planned by a CT-based patient specific alignment strategy. Methods: 400 de-identified CT-based patient specific TAR consecutive patient plans were reviewed for this retrospective analysis. 11 patients were excluded due to existing hardware which violated the anterior or posterior cortex at the component height. All models were represented as right limbs to homogenize laterality for the analysis. To quantify underhang/overhang, measurements were made in MATLAB at 101 (0-100%) evenly spaced points along the anterior and posterior face of the component to the corresponding location on the bone. Average fit and average maximum overhang and maximum underhang were calculated across the patient sample, and further stratified by the six component size offerings. Results: The average component fit resulted in 0.42±0.93mm of overhang (size range: -1.31 to 0.57mm) on the anterior cortex and 0.63±0.87mm of overhang (size range: -0.25 to 0.74mm) on the posterior cortex. The maximum overhang and underhang averaged across the patient sample was 1.56±0.89mm of overhang (size range: 1.20-1.75mm) and 1.28±1.38mm of underhang (size range: 1.00-3.72mm) on the anterior face, and 2.16±1.71mm of overhang (size range: 1.74-3.35mm) and 1.18±1.02mm of underhang (size range: 1.07-2.19mm) on the posterior face. Conclusion: Implant fit and alignment are both risk factors associated with survivorship in total ankle replacement. Optimizing TAR tibial component fit by minimizing overhang and underhang may lead to improved patient outcomes and survivorship. Anatomical tibial baseplate shape coupled with a broad sizing portfolio may help to better accommodate the wide range of patient anatomy and pathology. References: [1] Escudero 2019; [2] Lee. 2011; [3] King 2013.
Percutaneous Treatment with Bridge Plate in Low-Energy and High-Energy Lisfranc Injuries
Authors: Gaitan Laura C. , Pablo Randolino Juan , Gonzalez Emanuel , López Valeria , Slullitel Gastón 
Published: December 2024

Category: Trauma; Other Introduction/Purpose: Although there is still no consensus regarding the optimal treatment approach to both high and subtle Lisfranc injuries, and even when achieving both anatomic reduction and joint complex alignment restoration, percentages of secondary osteoarthritis remain high. Besides the initial chondral damage, the perforation of the different articular facets, necessary for stabilization with position screws, could also influence the articular degeneration evolution. This work aims to show the clinical and radiographic results of a prospective patient cohort followed over three years, obtained by indirect reduction and percutaneous fixation with bridge plate and extraarticular screws in both subtle and high-energy Lisfranc injuries. Methods: A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study of 27 consecutive Lisfranc patients was carried out. Upon diagnosis, patients underwent percutaneous plate and extraarticular screw fixation. Quality of reduction was considered “anatomical” when no diastasis was observed between the first and second metatarsal bases, “almost anatomical” with less than 2 mm of incongruence present, and “non-anatomical” if incongruence was greater than 2 mm. AOFAS midfoot score was utilized for clinical evaluation. Results: 27 patients with a mean age of 31.1 years and a mean follow-up was 35.5 months were analyzed. 17 sustained high-energy lesions while 10 presented low-energy injuries. The postoperative AOFAS score at the final follow-up was 81 points. Patients with an increased number of columns affected, evident unstable Lisfranc injuries, increased age, or staged procedures were associated with lower AOFAS scores. Global quality of reduction positively correlates with the AOFAS score, although no statistically significant association between the number of columns affected and the quality of reduction achieved by this technique was observed. 4 of 27 patients progressed to osteoarthritis and one of them needed further arthrodesis at less than a year after the procedure. No patient presented major wound-related complications. Conclusion: We perform fixation with plates via proximal and distal portals. To serve the purpose of being less possibly aggressive with the joint, screws could be avoided, except for the one necessary to restore the position of the second metatarsal base and the first cuneiform. In this series patients with high-energy injuries depicted good functional results with a high percentage of anatomical reductions over time, with no statistical differences from the low-energy group. The lesser manipulation of the soft tissues needed is probably one of the reasons for the low percentage (7 %) of surgical site infections we report.
Hearing modulation affects Alzheimer’s disease progression linked to brain inflammation: a study in mouse models
Authors: Ko Yoo-Seung , Ryu Young-Kyoung , Han Sujin , Park Hyung Joon , Choi Munyoung , Kim Byeong C. , Jeong Han-Seong , Jang Sujeong , Jo Jihoon , Lee Sungsu , Choi Won-Seok , Cho Hyong-Ho 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have identified hearing loss (HL) as a primary risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) onset. However, the mechanisms linking HL to AD are not fully understood. This study explored the effects of drug-induced hearing loss (DIHL) on the expression of proteins associated with AD progression in mouse models.

Methods
DIHL was induced in 5xFAD and Tg2576 mice aged 3 to 3.5 weeks using kanamycin (700 mg/kg, subcutaneous) and furosemide (600 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). The accumulation and expression of beta-amyloid (Aβ), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured through immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Additionally, the expression of proteins involved in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, including downstream effectors p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K) and S6, as well as proinflammatory cytokines, was analyzed.

Results
Compared to control conditions, HL led to a significant increase in the accumulation of Aβ in the hippocampus and cortex. Elevated levels of neuroinflammatory markers, including Iba1 and GFAP, as well as proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were observed. Moreover, DIHL enhanced phosphorylation of mTOR, p70S6K, and S6, indicating activation of the mTOR pathway.

Conclusions
HL significantly increases Aβ accumulation in the brain. Furthermore, HL activates astrocytes and microglia, leading to increased neuroinflammation and thereby accelerating AD progression. These findings strongly suggest that HL contributes autonomously to neuroinflammation, highlighting the potential for early intervention in HL to reduce AD risk.
Comparative genomics of Fervidobacterium: a new phylogenomic landscape of these wide-spread thermophilic anaerobes
Authors: Javier-López Rubén , Geliashvili Natia , Birkeland Nils-Kåre 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Fervidobacterium is a genus of thermophilic anaerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria belonging to the phylum Thermotogota. They can grow through fermentation on a wide range of sugars and protein-rich substrates. Some can also break down feather keratin, which has significant biotechnological potential. Fervidobacteria genomes have undergone several horizontal gene transfer events, sharing DNA with unrelated microbial taxa. Despite increasing biotechnological and evolutionary interest in this genus, only seven species have been described to date. Here, we present and describe six new and complete Fervidobacterium genomes, including the type strains Fervidobacterium gondwanense CBS-1 T, F. islandicum H-21 T and F. thailandense FC2004T, one novel isolate from Georgia (strain GSH) and two strains (DSM 21710 and DSM 13770) that have not been previously described along with an evolutionary and phylogenomic analysis of the genus.

Results
The complete genomes were around 2 Mb with approximately 2,000 CDS identified and annotated in each of them and a G + C content ranging from 38.9 mol% to 45.8 mol%. Phylogenomic comparisons of all currently available Fervidobacterium genomes, including OrthoANI and TYGS analyses, as well as a phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene, identified six species and nine subspecies clusters across the genus, with a consistent topology and a distant and separately branching species, Fervidobacterium thailandense. F. thailandense harbored the highest number of transposases, CRISPR clusters, pseudo genes and horizontally transferred regions The pan genome of the genus showed that 44% of the genes belong to the cloud pangenome, with most of the singletons found also in F. thailandense.

Conclusions
The additional genome sequences described in this work and the comparison with all available Fervidobacterium genome sequences provided new insights into the evolutionary history of this genus and supported a phylogenetic reclassification. The phylogenomic results from OrthoANI and TYGS analyses revealed that F. riparium and F. gondwanense belong to the same genome species, and includes Fervidobacterium sp. 13770, while “F. pennivorans” strain DYC belongs to a separate genome species, whereas Fervidobacterium sp. 21710 and Fervidobacterium sp. GSH within the Fervidobacterium pennivorans clade represent two subspecies. F. changbaicum is reclassified as F. islandicum.
Differences between neonatal units with high and low rates of breast milk feeding for very preterm babies at discharge: a qualitative study of staff experiences
Authors: McLeish Jenny , Aloysius Annie , Gale Chris , Quigley Maria , Kurinczuk Jennifer J. , Alderdice Fiona 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast milk has significant benefits for preterm babies, but ‘very preterm’ babies are unable to feed directly from the breast at birth. Their mothers have to initiate and sustain lactation through expressing milk for tube feeding until their babies are developmentally ready to feed orally. There are wide disparities between neonatal units in England in rates of breast milk feeding at discharge. This study explored health professionals’ experiences of barriers and facilitators to their role in supporting breast milk feeding and breastfeeding for very preterm babies.

Methods
12 health professionals were interviewed, from four neonatal units in England with high or low rates of breast milk feeding at discharge. Interviews were analysed using comparative thematic analysis.

Results
Five themes were developed: ‘The role of the infant feeding specialist’, ‘Achieving a whole team approach to breast milk feeding’, ‘Supporting initiation of breastfeeding’ ‘Supporting long-term expressing’, ‘Supporting the transition to breastfeeding’. There were notable differences between neonatal units in the time allocated to specialist feeding support, the team’s sense of collective responsibility for supporting feeding, leadership, the use of external standards as levers for change, and training for the multi-disciplinary team. The feeding challenges faced by mothers of very preterm babies could be made worse where there was no joined-up working between neonatal and postnatal staff; inadequate facilities for mothers to stay with their babies; and when opportunities were missed to give information about the importance of early initiation of expressing and to support mothers’ confidence during the transition to direct breastfeeding.

Conclusions
Effective support can be influenced by having a supernumerary post dedicated to infant feeding; strong leadership that champions breast milk feeding and breastfeeding within Family Integrated Care; maintaining accountability by using existing quality improvement tools and accredited standards for neonatal units; and training for the whole multi-disciplinary team that encourages and enables every member of staff to take an appropriate share of responsibility for consistently informing and assisting mothers with expressing and breastfeeding. Joined-up working between staff on antenatal and postnatal wards and neonatal units is important to enable integrated feeding support for the mother-baby dyad.
Lipid droplet formation induced by icaritin derivative IC2 promotes a combination strategy for cancer therapy
Authors: Wu Guosheng , Ying Liang , Zhang Qian , Xiong He , Wang Jie , Chen Sitao , Yang Chen , Jin Yiyuan , Lai Zengwei , Feng Ninghan , Ge Yunjun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Lipid metabolism is crucial in cancer progression. Lipid droplets (LDs) generated in cancer cells can act as protective mechanisms through alleviating lipotoxicity under stress conditions. We previously developed IC2 from the Chinese medicine icaritin as an inhibitor of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). IC2 has been shown to disrupt lipid metabolism and inhibits cancer cell proliferation. However, the impact of IC2 on intracellular LDs and the potential of targeting LD formation for combination cancer therapy remain unexplored.

Methods
LD formation in cancer cells was analyzed with oil red O or BODIPY staining by microscopy. LD quantification was normalized to the cell number. IC2-induced cellular responses were revealed by transcriptional analysis, real-time PCR, and immunoblotting. Mitochondrial functions were assessed by measuring ATP production and oxygen consumption. The lipid source for LD formation was studied using lipid transporter inhibitors or lipid deprivation. The effect of inhibiting LD formation on IC2's anti-tumor effects was evaluated using MTT assays and apoptosis assays, which was subsequently validated in an in vivo xenografted tumor model.

Results
IC2 exerted anti-tumor effects, resulting in LD formation in various cancer cells. LD formation stimulated by IC2 was independent of extracellular lipid sources and did not result from increased de novo fatty acid (FA) synthesis within the cancer cells. Transcriptional analysis indicated that IC2 disturbed mitochondrial functions, which was confirmed by impaired mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reduced capacity for ATP production and oxygen consumption. Moreover, IC2 treatment led to a greater accumulation of lipids in LDs outside the mitochondria compared with the control group. IC2 inhibited the proliferation of PC3 cells and promoted the apoptosis of the cancer cells. These effects were further enhanced after inhibiting the diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), a key intracellular enzyme involved in LD formation. In PC3-xenografted mice, the DGAT1 inhibitor augmented the IC2-induced reduction in tumor growth by modulating LD formation.

Conclusion
LD formation is a feedback response to IC2’s anti-tumor effects, which compromises the anti-tumor actions. IC2’s anti-tumor efficacy can be enhanced by combining it with inhibitors targeting LD formation. This strategy may be extended to other anti-tumor agents that regulate lipid metabolism.
Sensitive liquid biopsy monitoring correlates with outcome in the prospective international GPOH-DCOG high-risk neuroblastoma RT-qPCR validation study
Authors: van Zogchel Lieke M. J. , Decarolis Boris , van Wezel Esther M. , Zappeij‐Kannegieter Lily , Gelineau Nina U. , Schumacher‐Kuckelkorn Roswitha , Simon Thorsten , Berthold Frank , van Noesel Max M. , Fiocco Marta , van der Schoot C. Ellen , Hero Barbara , Stutterheim Janine , Tytgat Godelieve A. M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Liquid biopsies offer less burdensome sensitive disease monitoring. Bone marrow (BM) metastases, common in various cancers including neuroblastoma, is associated with poor outcomes. In pediatric high-risk neuroblastoma most patients initially respond to treatment, but in the majority the disease recurs with only 40% long-term survivors, stressing the need for more sensitive detection of disseminated disease during therapy.

Methods
To validate sensitive neuroblastoma mRNA RT-qPCR BM testing, we prospectively assessed serial BM samples from 345 international high‐risk neuroblastoma patients, treated in trials NB2004 (GPOH) or NBL2009 (DCOG), using PHOX2B, TH, DDC, CHRNA3, and GAP43 RT-qPCR mRNA markers and BM GD2-immunocytology. Association between BM-infiltration levels and event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was estimated by using Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier’s methodology.

Results
BM infiltration >10% by RT-qPCR at diagnosis was prognostic for survival (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.82 [95%CI 1.25‐2.63] and 2.04 [1.33‐3.14] for EFS and OS, respectively). Any post-induction RT-qPCR positivity correlated with poor EFS and OS, with a HR of 2.10 [1.27-3.49] and 1.76 [1.01-3.08] and 5-years EFS of 26.6% [standard error 5.2%] versus 60.4% [6.7] and OS of 43.8% [5.9] versus 65.7% [6.6] for RT-qPCR-positive patients versus RT-qPCR-negative patients. In contrast, post-induction immunocytology positivity was not associated with EFS or OS (HR 1.22 [0.68-2.19] and 1.26 [0.54-2.42]).

Conclusion
This study validates the association of not clearing of BM metastases by sensitive RT-qPCR detection with very poor outcome. We therefore propose implementation of RT-qPCR for minimal residual disease testing in neuroblastoma to guide therapy.
The use and impact of prehospital blood lactate measurements in acute non-traumatic patients: a systematic review
Authors: Walther Louise Houlberg , Mieritz Hanne Beck , Lassen Annmarie Touborg , Christensen Erika Frischknecht , Mogensen Christian Backer , Mikkelsen Søren , Brøchner Anne Craveiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The prehospital use of blood lactate measurements is increasing. However, the test’s benefits have not been methodically evaluated in non-trauma patients. This study had three aims: (1) To assess the evidence of prehospital blood lactate measurements’ prognostic value in non-trauma patients, (2) to investigate to what extent the test changed early patient treatment, and (3) to evaluate the healthcare personnel’s attitude towards the test.

Methods
MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched until Aug 26, 2023. Cohort and randomized controlled trials assessing ≥ 20 acute non-trauma patients with prehospital lactate measurements were included if they reported (1) prognostic outcomes such as short-term mortality or (2) changes in early patient treatments. All study designs were included to assess (3) the healthcare personnel’s opinion on prehospital lactate measurements. The risks of bias were assessed using the QUIPS tool, the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and the RoB-2. Study registration number CRD42020167169 (PROSPERO).

Results
We screened 6028 study reports. We included 15 studies on (1) the prognostic value of prehospital lactate measurements. Elevated blood lactate levels were correlated to a higher short-term mortality risk in most of the studies but not in studies with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. The 15 prognostic studies were all cohort studies with moderate or high risks of bias. Four studies investigated (2) early treatment changes. They found that the prehospital lactate measurement may have changed early treatment in sepsis patients. However, all four studies on treatment changes were at high risk of bias. Four studies were included on (3) the healthcare personnel’s attitude towards the lactate measurement. Evidence of the healthcare personnel’s opinion on prehospital lactate measurements was scarce.

Conclusion
Most acute non-trauma patients with elevated prehospital lactate levels had increased risks of short-term mortality, except OHCA patients. Few studies suggested that measuring prehospital lactate levels could change early patient care, particularly in patients with suspected sepsis. The certainty of the evidence is low in this systematic review. The included studies were heterogeneous, and many had high risks of bias. Further studies are needed to investigate the impact of prehospital lactate measurements on patient care.
Agreement between self-reported and objectively measured hypertension diagnosis and control: evidence from a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling middle‐aged and older adults in China
Authors: Wu Jingxian , Chen Danlei , Li Cong , Wang Yingwen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
As the population ages, hypertension has become the leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and premature deaths worldwide. Accurate monitoring of CVD risks and planning community-based public health interventions require reliable estimates of hypertension prevalence and management. While the validity of self-reporting in assessing hypertension prevalence has been debated, the concordance between self-reports and clinical measurements of hypertension control remains underexplored, particularly in large, community-based older populations. This study aims to examine the agreement between self-reported and objectively measured data on both hypertension diagnosis and control, as well as the associated factors, among community-dwelling middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Methods
Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were utilized, with household survey responses combined with biomedical data. Sensitivity, specificity, and kappa coefficients were used to assess the agreement between self-reported and objectively measured hypertension diagnosis in the general sample, and the agreement on hypertension control among individuals who reported having hypertension. Binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify individual, household, and community-level factors associated with the agreement.

Results
Self-reports exhibited substantial sensitivity, excellent specificity, and moderate agreement with objective measurements for hypertension diagnosis, while demonstrating fair sensitivity, excellent specificity, but low agreement for hypertension control. The odds of agreement on hypertension diagnosis were negatively associated with older age and heavy drinking, but positively related to marital status, higher education, chronic kidney disease, recent healthcare service utilization, and higher household economic levels. Meanwhile, the likelihood of agreement on hypertension control was negatively associated with older age, comorbid diabetes or cardiovascular disease, heavy drinking, BMI over 25, and antihypertensive medication adherence, but positively associated with recently healthcare service utilization.

Conclusions
Self-reporting underestimated hypertension prevalence but significantly overestimated the hypertension control rates. For middle-aged and older Chinese adults, individual-level factors including age, multimorbidity, behavioural risks, and healthcare-seeking behaviours were identified as significant predictors of agreement between self-reported and objectively measured hypertension data. Recognizing these factors is essential for improving the accuracy of chronic condition estimates and facilitating targeted chronic disease management programs for China’s aging population and other developing countries with similar demographic and health challenges.