bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanomechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of rubber–wood–plastic composites
Authors: Zhou Yonghui , Hui David , Wang Yuxuan , Fan Mizi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article presents the assessment of bulk and in situ mechanical properties of rubber–wood–plastic composites (RubWPC) and their correlations, aiming to obtain a thorough understanding of mechanical behaviour of RubWPC, which is an essential prerequisite in realising their optimal design and applications. Dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that the composites treated with multiple coupling agents (combination of maleic anhydride polyethylene [MAPE] and bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide and combination of MAPE and vinyltrimethoxysilane) exhibited greater storage modulus than both the untreated and single coupling agent treated composites owing to their superior interfacial bonding quality. The shift of relaxation peak and T
g towards higher temperatures observed in the treated composites confirmed the enhancement of interfacial interaction and adhesion. Nanoindentation analysis suggested that the composite with optimised interface (MAPE and Si69 treated) possessed better nanomechanical property (elastic modulus) due to the resin penetration into cell lumens and vessels and the reaction between cell walls and coupling agents.
Synthesis and encapsulation of iron oxide nanorods for application in magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal therapy
Authors: Mona Lijo P. , Songca Sandile P. , Ajibade Peter A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and applications of iron oxide nanorods have received attention in recent years. Even though there are several studies on the biological applications of iron oxide nanoparticles, recent studies have shown that rod-shaped iron oxides are effective in magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) as therapeutic technique to treat cancer. This review focused on the synthesis and encapsulation of magnetic iron oxide nanorods (MIONRs) and their use in (MHT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) for cancer cells. Among the synthetic methods that have been used to prepare MIONRs, some could be used to precisely control the particle size of the as-prepared magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs), while others could be used to prepare monodisperse particles with uniform size distributions. Some of the results presented in this review showed that magnetic oxide nanorods are more potent in MHT than polyhedral-shaped MIONs. The review shows that mixtures of polyhedral- and rod-shaped MIONs resulted in 59 and 77% cell death, while monodisperse MIONRs resulted in 95% cell death. It could thus be concluded that, for magnetic iron oxide to be effective in MHT and PTT, it is important to prepare monodisperse magnetic oxide nanorods.
Assessment of potentials of Moringa oleifera seed oil in enhancing the frying quality of soybean oil
Authors: Iranloye Yetunde Mary , Omololu Fapojuwo Oladele , Olaniran Abiola Folakemi , Abioye Victoria Funmilayo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mixing Moringa oleifera seed oil with soybean (Glycine max) seed oil in enhancing the physical and chemical properties of soybean oil during repetitive frying. Different blends (100:0, 50:50, and 70:30) of soybean and M. oleifera seed oils were formulated, while soybean oil served as control. All these oil samples were used for frying potato (Ipomoea batatas) slices. The quality of the fried oil samples was evaluated by determining the smoke point, refractive index (RI), viscosity, colour, peroxide value, iodine value, and free fatty acid (FFA). The range of values obtained were smoke point (158.7–172.3°C), RI (1.46–1.49°C), colour (6.0–9.42), viscosity (0.41–2.13 mm2/s), peroxide value (0.93–5.16 meq/kg), iodine value (87.16–64.71 mg/100 g), and FFA (0.3–1.95%), for different blends of soybean and M. oleifera seed oils and control. In terms of changes in the chemical and physical properties, during frying, soybean/M. oleifera seed oil mix of 70:30 had the lowest reduction in iodine value (87.56–68.73 mg/100 g), lowest increase in peroxide value (0.93–1.86 meq/kg) and FFA value (0.3–0.65%), while no changes in RI (1.47°C) was observed. The study revealed that mixing of soybean seed oil with M. oleifera seed oil at a ratio of 70:30 enhanced the physical and chemical properties of the soybean oil after two repetitive frying.
Lean-Production-Methoden und Industrie-4.0-Technologien in der Produktion
Authors: Dillinger Fabian , Martl Niklas , Reinhard Gunther 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Um dem zunehmend dynamischen und kompetitiven Umfeld zu begegnen, stellen Lean Production und Industrie 4.0 zwei zentrale Ansätze produzierender Unternehmen dar. Im Rahmen der vorgestellten Studie wurden Unternehmen nach der Implementierungsdauer sowie der Relevanz einzelner Lean-Production- und Industrie-4.0-Elemente für die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit befragt. Dabei wurden typologische Unternehmens- und Produktionsmerkmale berücksichtigt, um produzierende Unternehmen bei der Implementierung von Lean Production und Industrie 4.0 zielgerichtet zu unterstützen.
Cardiovascular safety of growth hormone treatment in Noonan syndrome: real-world evidence
Authors: Romano Alicia , Kaski Juan Pablo , Dahlgren Jovanna , Kelepouris Nicky , Pietropoli Alberto , Rohrer Tilman R , Polak Michel 
Published: December 2021

Objective
The study aims to assess the cardiovascular safety of growth hormone (GH) treatment in patients with Noonan syndrome (NS) in clinical practice.

Design
The study design involves two observational, multicentre studies (NordiNet® IOS and the ANSWER Program) evaluating the long-term effectiveness and safety of GH in >38,000 paediatric patients, of which 421 had NS.

Methods
Serious adverse events, serious adverse reactions (SARs) and non-serious adverse reactions (NSARs) were reported by the treating physicians. Cardiovascular comorbidities at baseline and throughout the studies were also recorded.

Results
The safety analysis set comprised 412 children with NS (29.1% females), with a mean (s.d.) baseline age of 9.29 (3.88) years, treated with an average GH dose of 0.047 (0.014) mg/kg/day during childhood. Cardiovascular comorbidities at baseline were reported in 48 (11.7%), most commonly pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS) and atrial septal defects. Overall, 22 (5.3%) patients experienced 34 safety events. The most common were the NSARs: headache (eight events in seven patients) and arthralgia (five events in three patients). Two SARs occurred in one patient (brain neoplasm and metastases to spine). No cardiovascular safety events were recorded in patients with NS. Five cardiovascular comorbidities in five patients were reported after initiation of GH treatment: three cases of unspecified cardiovascular disease, one ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and one PVS.

Conclusions
GH treatment had a favourable safety profile in patients with NS, including those with cardiovascular comorbidities. Prospective studies are warranted to systematically assess the safety of GH treatment in patients with NS and cardiovascular disease.
Quality and Safety in Hospital Pediatrics During COVID-19: A National Qualitative Study
Authors: De Angulo Nadia Roessler , Penwill Nicole , Pathak Priya R. , Ja Clairissa , Elster Martha J. , Hochreiter Daniela , Newton Jacqueline M. , Wilson Karen M. , Kaiser Sunitha V. 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE
To describe challenges in inpatient pediatric quality and safety during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

METHODS
In a previous qualitative study, our team sought to broadly describe changes in pediatric inpatient care during the pandemic. For both that study and this ancillary analysis, we purposefully sampled participants from community and children’s hospitals in the 6 US states with the highest COVID-19 hospitalization rates from March to May 2020. We recruited 2 to 3 participants from each hospital (administrators, front-line physicians, nurses, caregivers) for semistructured interviews. We used constant comparative methods to identify themes regarding quality and safety challenges during the pandemic.

RESULTS
We interviewed 30 participants from 12 hospitals. Participants described several impacts to clinical workflows, including decreased direct clinician-patient interactions and challenges to communication, partly addressed through innovative use of telehealth technology. Participants reported changes in the discharge and transfer process (eg, discharges, difficulties accessing specialized facilities). Participants also described impacts to hospital operations, including changes in quality monitoring and operations (eg, decreased staff, data collection), increased health risks for clinicians and staff (eg, COVID-19 exposure, testing delays), and staff and supply shortages. Participants voiced concerns that negative quality and safety impacts could include increased risk of preventable safety events and hospital readmissions, and decreased patient engagement, education, and satisfaction.

CONCLUSIONS
We identified several impacts to clinical workflows and hospital operations during the pandemic that may have affected inpatient pediatric care quality and safety. Our findings highlight potentially important areas of focus for planning pandemic recovery, preparing for future pandemics, and conducting future research on inpatient pediatric quality and safety.
Effect of pack carburizing with chicken egg shell powder agent and vibrator quenching on the mechanical properties of AISI 9310 steel
Authors: Sinarep Sinarep , Darmo Sujita 
Published: December 2021

The effects of vibrator quenching (QV) on the carbon content, microstructure, and mechanical properties (surface hardness number, wear resistance) in the pack carburizing of AISI 9310 steel were studied. The aim of this research is to increase the surface hardness and improve the wear resistance of AISI 9310 steel. The problem that often occurs in the quenching treatment after pack carburizing is that the thick cooling medium does not evenly wet the surface of the specimen, so that the cooling rate is not uniform, the impact is the distribution of the specimen surface hardness is not the same. Therefore, it is necessary to research the implementation of the vibrator in the quenching treatment.
The specimens were treated with pack carburizing at a temperature of 875 °C, soaking time for 3 hours. The carburizing agent consisted of chicken egg shell powder (CESP) and rice husk charcoal (RHC) with various weight ratios of 5 %:95 %, 15 %:85 %, and 30 %:70 %. Followed by quenching treatment using a 10 % cane molasses cooling medium and vibrator. Hardness testing was carried out using a Vickers microhardness tester, wear resistance test using the pin-on-disc method, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX) was used to observe changes in the microstructure and carbon elemental content on the specimen surface.
The results showed that the application of VQ caused the formation of a small martensite microstructure while without VQ it was large martensite and a few of residual ferrite. The highest surface hardness number is 685 kg/mm2, the wear resistance is 0.32 cm/mg for pack carburizing, using carburizing agent 70 % RHC, 30 % CESP and VQ. VQ causes a more even distribution of the thick cane molasses cooling medium so that the cooling rate of the specimens is uniform.
Establishment of regularities of influence on the specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity of polymer nanocomposites of a complex of defining parameters
Authors: Fialko Nataliia , Dinzhos Roman , Sherenkovskii Julii , Meranova Nataliia , Aloshko Sergii , Izvorska Diana , Korzhyk Volodymyr , Lazarenko Maxim , Mankus Irina , Nedbaievska Liudmyla 
Published: December 2021

This paper reports a series of experimental studies to establish regularities of the integrated effect exerted on the specific heat capacity of polymer nanocomposites by such factors as the temperature regime of their production, the value of the mass fraction of the filler, and the temperature of the composite material. The studies were conducted for nanocomposites based on polypropylene filled with carbon nanotubes. When obtaining composites, the method of mixing the components in the melt of the polymer was used. During the studies, the temperature of nanocomposites varied from 295 to 455 K, the mass fraction of the filler ‒ from 0.3 to 10 %. The basic parameter of the technological mode for obtaining composite materials, the value of overheating the polymer melt relative to its melting point, varied in the range of 10...75 K.
It is shown that the temperature dependence of the specific heat capacity of the considered composites is sensitive to changes in the overheating of the polymer melt only in the region maximum values of the specific heat capacity. Concentration dependences of the specific heat capacity of the considered nanocomposites at different values of their temperature and the level of overheating of the polymer melt have been built.
The studies have been carried out to identify the effects of the influence of the above parameters on the coefficient of thermal diffusivity of nanocomposites. It has been established, in particular, that an increase in the level of overheating the polymer could lead to a very significant increase in the coefficient of thermal diffusivity, which is all the more significant the higher the proportion of filler and the lower the temperature of the composite material. It is shown that the level of overheating the polymer melt relative to its melting point is a parameter that can be used as the basis for the creation of polymer composite materials with specified thermophysical properties.
Determining the influence of ultra-dispersed aluminum nitride impurities on the structure and physical-mechanical properties of tool ceramics
Authors: Gevorkyan Edwin , Nerubatskyi Volodymyr , Chyshkala Volodymyr , Gutsalenko Yuriy , Morozova Oksana 
Published: December 2021

This paper considers features related to manufacturing the chromium oxide-based tool material. The process involved ultra-dispersed powders made of aluminum nitride. It has been established that the destruction of chromium oxide at high sintering temperatures is prevented through the reaction sintering of chromium oxide (Cr2O3) and aluminum nitride (AlN).
It was established that the structure of the composite depends both on the temperature and the duration of hot pressing. Thermodynamic calculations of the interaction between Cr2O3 and AlN showed that this interaction begins at a temperature of 1,300 °C. In contrast to hot pressing in the air, no СrN and Сr2N compounds were formed in a vacuum. With increasing temperature, the content of Al2O3 in solid solution becomes maximum at a temperature of 1,700 °C in the case of hot pressing in the air while in vacuum the content of Al2O3 remains unchanged within the entire temperature range of 1,300–1,700 °C. When increasing the time of hot pressing to 30 minutes, the size of individual grains reaches 10 μm. It has been shown that in the sintering process involving Cr2O3 and AlN, the plasma-chemical synthesis produces the solid solution (Cr, Al)2O3 at the interphase boundary, which improves the mechanical properties of the material.
The influence exerted on the quality of the machined surface of tempered hard steel when machining by the devised tool material based on chromium oxide with an optimal admixture of 15 wt % of ultra-dispersed aluminum nitride powder was investigated. It was determined that the quality of the machined hard steel surface improved compared to standard imported tool plates.
It was established that the resulting tool material, in addition to relatively high strength and crack resistance, also demonstrates high thermal conductivity, which favorably affects the quality of the machined steel surface, given that lubricants and coolants are not used during the cutting process.
Development of a methodological approach for processing different types of data in systems of special purpose
Authors: Fedoriienko Vitalii , Koshlan Oleksandr , Kravchenko Serhii , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Vasiukova Nataliia , Trotsko Oleksandr , Havryliuk Oksana , Sovik Oleksandr , Alieinik Oleksandr , Svyryda Yurii 
Published: December 2021

The object of research is intelligent decision making support systems. Processing different types of intelligence from a variety of information sources requires significant computational operations with strict time constraints. It leads to the search for new scientific approaches to the processing of various types of geospatial information to increase the efficiency of special purpose systems. This work solves the problem of developing a methodological approach to processing different data types in decision making support systems.
During the research, the authors used the main provisions of the queuing theory, the theory of automation, the theory of complex technical systems and general scientific methods of cognition, namely analysis and synthesis. The proposed methodological approach was developed taking into account the practical experience of the authors of this work during the military conflicts of the last decade.
The results of the research will be useful in:
– development of new algorithms for processing different types of data;
– substantiation of recommendations for improving the efficiency of processing various data types;
– analysis of the operational situation during the hostilities (operations);
– creating promising technologies to increase the efficiency of processing various data types;
– assessment of the adequacy, reliability, sensitivity of the scientific and methodological apparatus of processing various data types;
– development of new and improvement of existing simulation models of various processing data types.
Areas of further research will be aimed at developing a methodology for processing various data types in intelligent decision making support systems.
Development of nutrient medium for riboflavin biosynthesis by Eremothecium ashbyi ascomycetes
Authors: Stetsenko Nataliia , Polishchuk Valentyna , Dugan Оlexiy 
Published: December 2021

The object of the study is the riboflavin producer Eremothecium ashbyi Guilliermond 1935 VKPM F-340, the subject of the study is the regularities of riboflavin biosynthesis by the E. ashbyi F-340 strain under different cultivation conditions. Riboflavin is an important micronutrient that is a precursor of the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide and flavinadine dinucleotide, it is necessary for biochemical reactions in all living cells. Population growth and an increase in human needs for vitamin-fortified food and agricultural products is the reason for an increase in demand for riboflavin preparations. Considering this, it is important and economically beneficial to improve the technology for the production of vitamin B2. An important factor that affects the yield of the product is the nutrient medium. At present, the influence of agricultural waste on the biosynthesis of riboflavin is being actively studied in the world. However, not all of the studied types of raw materials are typical for the agriculture of this or that country. Therefore, in order to determine whether this direction of research is promising, it is important to check the effect on the biosynthetic activity of the riboflavin producer of the most common wastes of the domestic industry. In this work, this is done on the example of Ukraine.
In the course of the study, microbiological (surface and deep cultivation of E. ashbyi F-340), physicochemical (determination of the amount of biomass by the gravimetric method, determination of the concentration of riboflavin by the spectrophotometric method) and mathematical methods were used. The proposed media with the addition of agricultural waste, providing a higher yield of riboflavin compared to conventional media. The influence of different types of agricultural waste on the biosynthesis of riboflavin by the producer E. ashbyi F-340 was evaluated. The efficiency of using sunflower cake as a component of the nutrient medium is shown. The optimal sources of carbon for the nutrient medium with oil cake have been determined, which increases the yield of riboflavin. Due to the large amount of sunflower cake obtained in Ukraine, its use for modifying the nutrient medium in order to increase the yield of riboflavin in the future will lead to a decrease in the cost of the target product due to the use of cheap and ecological raw materials.
Grassland Vegetation and Management - on the Interface between Science and Education
Authors: RUŞDEA Evelyn , REIF Albert , HÖCHTL Franz , PĂCURAR Florin , ROTAR Ioan , STOIE Andrei , DAHLSTRÖM Anna , SVENSSON Roger , ARONSSON Mårten 
Published: December 2021

The concept and implementation of a tri-national EU intensive Programme (IP) is presented and discussed. The objective is to improve the methods employed by the teachers and scientist of the staff concerning the classification and management of grasslands to students and to prepare them to be able to design, analyse, and evaluate grassland management strategies and to understand grasslands in land-use-system terms. The focus lies on the development of strategies for sustainable grassland use in the context of regional development.
The innovative character if this romanian-swedish-german module is exemplified.
Study of the Ecosystem of Arnica Montana L. from Bear Meadows
Authors: BOGDAN Anca Dorina , ROTAR Ioan , PACURAR Florin , VIDICAN Roxana , DALE Laura 
Published: December 2021

Biodiversity refers to all species of plants, animals and microorganisms existing in an ecosystem interact (Vandermeer and Perfecto, 1995). Phytodiversity of natural grassland systems are both important in terms of feed and other possible intrinsic values generated by the multitude of species (Rotar et all.,.2009). Such an ecosystem is present in the Apuseni Mountains where the species Arnica montana L. is found in a significant proportion (Stoie et all., 2001). The objectif of our paper is to identify and describe an ecosystems of Arnica montana L. in the Bear Meadows.
The Bear Meadows pasture is located in the village of Gârda de Sus, Alba County, Apuseni Mountains at 1380 m elevation, with southern exhibition, slope about 5 % and the type of soil is districambosol. The paper presents a description of the species from Bear Meadows ecosystem and groups of plants: Poaceae, Fabaceae, Juncaceae and Cypercaeae and plants from other botanical families. Each species is analyzed in terms of its behaviour to ecological factors (light, temperature, moisture, nitrogen), which allowed defining exactly the type of lawn. Species are classified also in terms of their response to agronomic factors (suitability to mowing, to grazing and suitability to the stepp). The analysis thus allows predictions of the evolution of vegetation based on applied management to meadows.
Natural Occurence of Aflatoxins in Wheat from Central Transylvania
Authors: MAN Simona , TOFANA Maria , MUSTE Sevastiţa , PAUCEAN Adriana , BIROU (POP) Anamaria 
Published: December 2021

Aflatoxins (AFs), the secondary metabolites produced by species of Aspergillus, specifically Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, have harmful effects on humans, animals, and crops that result in illnesses and economic losses. Wheat that is susceptible to these fungi infections through its growth, harvest, transport, and storage, is the most important food in Romania. Therefore, this study sought to present mycotoxins in wheat samples grown in different regions of Transyvania, the results being obtained in the climate of the year 2009-2010. Wheat samples were collected from Turda and Targu Mures.
It was analyzed the presence of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, using HPTLC in twenty samples of wheat. Percentage of samples found positive for aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 was 10%, 5%, 0%, 0%. Although the percentage of aflatoxin found in wheat is low, these percentages should be considered, in terms of exposure every day to mycotoxins through consumption of cereals and cereal-based products.