bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of Filamentous Fungi to Voriconazole in Malaysia Tested by Sensititre YeastOne and CLSI&nbsp;Microdilution Methods
Authors: Tan Xue Ting , Ginsapu Stephanie Jane , Amran Fairuz binti , Sukur Salina binti Mohamed , Shukor Surianti binti 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Voriconazole is a trizaole antifungal to treat fungal infection. In this study, the susceptibility pattern of voriconazole against filamentous fungi was studied using Sensititre® YeastOne and Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38 broth microdilution method. Methods: The suspected cultures of Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. versicolor, A. sydowii, A. calidoutus, A. creber, A. ochraceopetaliformis, A. tamarii, Fusarium solani, F. longipes, F. falciferus, F. keratoplasticum, Rhizopus oryzae, R. delemar, R. arrhizus, Mucor sp., Poitrasia circinans, Syncephalastrum racemosum and Sporothrix schenckii were received from hospitals. Their identification had been confirmed in our lab and susceptibility tests were performed using Sensititre® YeastOne and CLSI M38 broth microdilution method. The significant differences between two methods were calculated using Wilcoxon Sign Rank test.Results: Mean of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium were within 0.25 μg/mL-2.00 μg/mL by two methods except A. calidoutus, F. solani and F. keratoplasticum. Moreover, mean of MIC for S. schenkii were around 3.00 μg/mL by two methods. In contrast, mean of MIC for Rhizopus spp., Mucor sp., P. circinans and S. racemosum were ≥6.00 μg/mL by two methods. Generally, the MIC obtained by Sensititre YeastOne was one two-fold increase or decrease compared with the results obtained by CLSI method. The overall agreement between Sensititre YeastOne and CLSI methods to test susceptibility testing of voricaonazole was more than 70% except A. sydowii. The significant differences between two methods were significant when tested on A. niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. versicolor, A. sydowii, F. solani and S. schenkii. Conclusions: In conclusion, Sensititre YeastOne method appears to be an alternative procedure for antifungal susceptibility testing for some Malaysian moulds.
Urinary Reabsorption in the Rat Kidney by Anticholinergics
Authors: Oe Hideki , Yoshiki Hatsumi , Zha Xinmin , Kobayashi Hisato , Aoki Yoshitaka , Ito Hideaki , Yokoyama Osamu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Anticholinergics, therapeutic agents for overactive bladder, are clinically suggested to reduce urine output. We investigated whether this effect is due to bladder or kidney urine reabsorption. Various solutions were injected into the bladder of urethane-anesthetized SD rats. The absorption rate for 2 hr was examined following the intravenous administration of the anticholinergics imidafenacin (IM), atropine(AT), and tolterodine(TO). The bilateral ureter was then canulated and saline was administered to obtain a diuretic state. Anticholinergics or 1-deamino-[8-D-arginine]-vasopressin (dDAVP) were intravenously administered. After the IM and dDAVP administrations, the rat kidneys were immunostained with AQP2 antibody, and intracellular cAMP was measured. The absorption rate was ~10% of the saline injected into the bladder and constant even when anticholinergics were administered. The renal urine among peaked 2 hr after the saline administration. Each of the anticholinergics significantly suppressed the urine production in a dose-dependent manner, as did dDAVP. IM and dDAVP increased the intracellular cAMP levels and caused the AQP2 molecule to localize to the collecting duct cells' luminal side. The urinary reabsorption mechanism through the bladder epithelium was not activated by anticholinergic administration. Thus, anticholinergics suppress urine production via an increase in urine reabsorption in the kidneys' collecting duct cells via AQP2.
Evaluation of Anterior Chamber Depth in 28,709 Adult Cataract Patients in China using Swept-Source Optical Biometry
Authors: Lei Qiong , Tu Haixia , Feng Xi , Wang Yong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: To create an anterior chamber depth (ACD) regression model for adult cataract surgery candidates from China, and to evaluate the distribution of their ocular biometric parameters.Methods: The ocular biometric records of 28,709 right eyes of cataract surgery candidates who were treated at Aier Eye Hospitals in nine cities from 2018 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All measurements were taken with IOLMaster 700. We included patients who were at least 40 years old and were diagnosed with cataract.Results: The mean age of the patients was 68.6 ± 11.0 years. The mean values recorded were as follows: axial length (AL), 24.17 ± 2.47 mm; mean keratometry (Km) value, 44.09 ± 3.25 D; corneal astigmatism (CA), 1.06 ± 0.98 D; ACD, 3.02 ± 0.45 mm; lens thickness (LT), 4.52 ± 0.45 mm; central corneal thickness (CCT), 0.534 ± 0.04 mm; and white to white (WTW) corneal diameter, 11.64 ± 0.46 mm. The proportion of patients with long axial length (AL >25 mm) decreased with age. ACD, LT, AL, Km, WTW, and age were correlated. In the multivariate regression analysis of ACD, which included LT, AL, WTW, sex, Km, CCT, and age, there was a reasonable prediction with adjusted R2 = 0.629.Conclusions: The results show that high myopes are inclined to schedule cataract surgery at a younger age. LT and AL were found to be important factors that affect ACD. This study provides reference data for cataract patients from China.
Copy number gain of CMTM6 increases the expression of PD-L1 in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma
Authors: Ishihara Shin , Iwasaki Takeshi , Kohashi Kenichi , Yamada Yuichi , Toda Yu , Ito Yoshihiro , Susuki Yousuke , Kawaguchi Kengo , Takamatsu Dai , Kawatoko Shinichiro , Kiyozawa Daisuke , Mori Taro , Kinoshita Izumi , Yamamoto Hidetaka , Fujiwara Toshifumi , Setsu Nokitaka , Endo Makoto , Matsumoto Yoshihiro , Nakashima Yasuharu , Oda Yoshinao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a sarcoma with a poor prognosis. A clinical trial, SARC028, revealed that treatment with anti-PD-1 drugs was effective against UPS. Studies have reported that UPS expresses PD-L1, sometime strongly (≥ 50%). However, the mechanism of PD-L1 expression in UPS has remained still unclear. CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 6 (CMTM6) was identified as a novel regulator of PD-L1 expression. The positive relationship between PD-L1 and CMTM6 has been reported in several studies. The aim of this study was to examine CMTM6 expression in UPS and evaluate the relationship between PD-L1 and CMTM6.
Materials and methods
Fifty-one primary UPS samples were subjected to CMTM6 and PD-L1 immunostaining. CMTM6 expression was assessed using proportion and intensity scores. CMTM6 gene copy number was also evaluated using a real-time PCR-based copy number assay. We also analyzed the mRNA expression and copy number variation of PD-L1 and CMTM6 in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data.
Results
TCGA data indicated that the mRNAs encoded by genes located around 3p22 were coexpressed with CMTM6 mRNA in UPS. Both proportion and intensity scores of CMTM6 positively correlated with strong PD-L1 expression (≥ 50%) (both p = 0.023). CMTM6 copy number gain increased CMTM6 expression. Patients with UPS with a high CMTM6 intensity score had worse prognosis for overall survival.
Conclusions
CMTM6 expression was significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression. CMTM6 expression induced strong PD-L1 expression (≥ 50%). CMTM6 copy number gain promoted CMTM6 expression and increased PD-L1 expression in UPS.
Structural and magnetic properties of Sb3+ ions doped Ni-Ba-Co ferrite prepared by sol-gel method
Authors: Zhang Yanchun , Sun Aimin , Shao Liqiong , Suonan Zhaxi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the present work, nanocrystalline Sb3+ ions doped Ni0.2Ba0.1Co0.7Fe2−xSbxO4 (0 ≦ x ≦ 0.1, step by 0.025) ferrites were prepared via sol-gel method. The spinel-phase structure of samples can be confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. The composition and structure were further studied by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). There were two typical characteristic bands ν1 and ν2 related to the stretching vibrations in spinel ferrite in FTIR spectra. Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analyzed the elements of samples. It indicated that the elements of Ni, Ba, Co, Fe, O and Sb existed in the samples. Vibrating sample magnetometer was used to characterize magnetic properties. The saturation magnetization decreased from 57.65 emu/g to 44.50 emu/g with the increasing Sb3+ ions content, which is attributed to Fe3+ ions replaced by the Sb3+ ions. Remanent magnetization and coercivity first decreased and then increased slightly.
A Global Non-Invasive Methodology for the Phenotyping of Potato Under Water Deficit Conditions using Imaging, Physiological and Molecular Tools
Authors: Musse Maja , Hajjar Ghina , Ali Nusrat , Billiot Bastien , Joly Gisèle , Pépin Jérémy , Quellec Stéphane , Challois Sylvain , Mariette François , Cambert Mireille , Fontaine Clément , Ngo-Dinh Charlotte , Jamois Frank , Barbary Arnauld , Leconte Patrick , Deleu Carole , Leport Laurent 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Drought is a major consequence of global heating that has negative impacts on agriculture. Potato is a drought-sensitive crop; tuber growth and dry matter content may both be impacted. Moreover, water deficit can induce physiological disorders such as glassy tubers and internal rust spots. The response of potato plants to drought is complex and can be affected by cultivar type, climatic and soil conditions, and the point at which water stress occurs during growth. The characterization of adaptive responses in plants presents a major phenotyping challenge. There is therefore a demand for the development of non-invasive analytical techniques to improve phenotyping.Results: This project aimed to take advantage of innovative approaches in MRI, phenotyping and molecular biology to evaluate the effects of water stress on potato plants during growth. Plants were cultivated in pots under different water conditions. A control group of plants were cultivated under optimal water uptake conditions. Other groups were cultivated under mild and severe water deficiency conditions (40 and 20% of field capacity, respectively) applied at different tuber growth phases (initiation, filling). Water stress was evaluated by monitoring soil water potential. Two fully-equipped imaging cabinets were set up to characterize plant morphology using high definition color cameras (top and side views) and to measure plant stress using RGB cameras. The response of potato plants to water stress depended on the intensity and duration of the stress. Three-dimensional morphological images of the underground organs of potato plants in pots were recorded using a 1.5 T MRI scanner. A significant difference in growth kinetics was observed at the early growth stages between the control and stressed plants. Quantitative PCR analysis was carried out at molecular level on the expression patterns of selected drought-responsive genes. Variations in stress levels were seen to modulate ABA and drought-responsive ABA-dependent and ABA-independent genes.Conclusions: This methodology, when applied to the phenotyping of potato under water deficit conditions, provides a quantitative analysis of leaves and tubers properties at microstructural and molecular levels. The approaches thus developed could therefore be effective in the multi-scale characterization of plant response to water stress, from organ development to gene expression.
Comparison of Endoscopic Injection of Botulinum Toxin and Steriods Immediately after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection to Prevent Esophageal Stricture: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Xiaoying , Chen Han , Chen Meihong , Ding Chao , Zhang Guoxin , Si Xinmin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in early esophageal cancer patients is closely associated with esophageal stricture, which dramatically reduces patients’ quality of life and increases huge medical burdens. Endoscopic injection of steroid was proved as a protective method for post-ESD strictures. Other materials such as botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) may be potential candidates. We conducted this prospective cohort study to compare the efficacy and feasibility of endoscopic injection of BTX-A and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) for the prevention of esophageal stricture.Methods: Seventy-eight patients with esophageal mucosal defects of more than two thirds of the circumference were successively enrolled and divided into 3 groups: BTX-A group (group A, n=26), TA group (group B, n=16) and control group (group C, n=36). Patients in group A were immediately injected with BTX-A after ESD, in group B were immediately injected with TA and in group C received ESD only. Endoscopy was performed when patients reported dysphagia symptoms and at 6 and 12 weeks post-ESD in patients without symptoms. Patients who experienced post-ESD esophageal strictures in all groups received bougie dilation. All patients were followed up for one year.Results: The proportion of patients developing stricture in BTX-A group was 30.00% (intention to treat analysis, 9/30) and 26.92% (per protocol analysis, 7/26), in TA group was 40.90% (intention to treat analysis, 9/22) and 43.75% (per protocol analysis, 7/16), and in control group was 84.21% (intention to treat analysis, 32/38) and 83.33% (per protocol analysis, 30/36) (p<0.001). When further comparing between each of the two groups, the incidence of esophageal stricture was lower in BTX-A group than that in control group (p<0.001), and lower in TA group than that in control group (p=0.004). Furthermore, in entire circumference mucosal defect subgroup, the esophageal stricture was significantly lower in BTX-A group than that in TA group (33.3% vs 100%, p=0.0454).Conclusions: Endoscopic injection of BTX-A and TA were effective in preventing post-ESD esophageal strictures and BTX-A injection was particularly effective in entire circumference mucosal defect patients. Multi-centered, randomized prospective study with larger sample size should be conducted. (Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2100042970, registered 1 February 2021, retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx)
In-Depth Genomic Characterization of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Expression in Chinese Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients
Authors: Li Kang , Liu Jun , Wu Lin , Xiao Yajie , Li Jia , Du Haijian , Zhao Zhikun , Li Xiaoting , Wu Dongfang , Zhao Zhuxiang , Chen Bolin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint blockades have revolutionized anticancer treatments for lung cancers, and PD-L1 expression has been served as crucial predictive biomarkers for immunotherapies. However, PD-L1 expression has been found to be influenced by some extrinsic or intrinsic factors in vitro or to be associated with other biomarkers in vivo. Methods: A amount of tumor tissues was taken from a biopsy or surgery for PD-L1 expression assay and genomic profiling in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma patients. In-depth retrospective analyses of clinical features, gene alternations, singling pathways and immune signatures was conducted in negative group (TPS < 1%), intermediate group (1% ≤ TPS < 50%), and high group (TPS ≥ 50%). Clinical responses to selected mutation were also evaluated from public database such as TCGA and MSKCC.Results: A total of 248 Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma was retrospectively identified and included in this study, consisting of negative group (n=124, 50%), intermediate group (n=93, 38%), and high group (n=38, 12%). High tumor mutation burden was significantly as associated with high PD-L1 expression. In addition, PD-L1 expression was highly related with gene alternations such as PRKDC, KMT2D, ERBB2 and SETD2. Moreover, signaling pathways of DDR, TP53, cell cycles and NOTCH also obviously related with PD-L1 expression. Besides, most of patients in high PD-L1 group were determined as high-grade immune subtypes (C2-C4), showing significant higher levels of IFN-gamma, CD8+ T-cells, NK cells, NK CD56 dim cells, Th1 cells, Th2 cells (P < 0.0001). Moreover, the prognostic value of SETD2 mutation was slight positive with overall survival from MSKCC cohort (HR 1.92 [95%CI 0.90-4.10], P =0.085), and the percentage of IFN-gamma was significantly higher in SETD2 mutant group than in wild-type subgroup (P < 0.01).Conclusions: This study illustrated in-depth genomic profiles and immune signatures of PD-L1 expression in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma patients, which might interpret more potential molecular mechanisms for anti-cancer immunotherapy in NSCLC.
PANICLE APICAL ABORTION 3 Controls Panicle Development and Seed Size in Rice
Authors: Yang Fayu , Xiong Mao , Huang Mingjiang , Li Zhongcheng , Wang Ziyi , Zhu Honghui , Chen Rui , Lu Lu , Cheng Qinglan , Wang Yan , Tang Jun , Zhuang Hui , Li Yunfeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
In rice, panicle apical abortion is a common phenomenon that usually results in a decreased number of branches and grains per panicle, and consequently a reduced grain yield. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of panicle abortion is thus critical for maintaining and increasing rice production.
Results
We reported a new rice mutant panicle apical abortion 3 (paa3), which exhibited severe abortion of spikelet development on the upper part of the branches as well as decreased grain size over the whole panicle. Using mapping-based clone, the PAA3 was characterized as the LOC_ Os04g56160 gene, encoding an H+-ATPase. The PAA3 was expressed highly in the stem and panicle, and its protein was localized in the cytoplasm. Our data further showed that PAA3 played an important role in maintaining normal panicle development by participating in the removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rice.
Conclusions
Our studies suggested that PAA3 might function to remove ROS, the accumulation of which leads to programmed cell death, and ultimately panicle apical abortion and decreased seed size in the paa3 panicle.
Identification of saponins detoxification genes in I. mors-panacis G3B inducing root rot of Panax notoginseng by RNA-Seq
Authors: Zeng Guohong , Li Jin , Ma Yuxiu , Pu Qian , Xiao Tian , Yang Ruihuan , Hu Xiufang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Saponins are kinds of antifungal compounds produced by P. notoginseng to resist invasion by pathogens. I. mors-panacis G3B was the dominant pathogen inducing root rot of P. notoginseng, and the abilities to detoxify saponins were the key to infect P. notoginseng successfully. To research the molecular mechanisms of detoxifying saponins in I. mors-panacis G3B, we used high-throughput RNA-Seq to identify 557 and 1519 differential expression genes (DEGs) in I. mors-panacis G3B with saponins treatments for 4 H and 12 H compared with no saponins treatments, respectively. Among these DEGs, we found 93 genes which were simultaneously highly expressed in I. mors-panacis G3B with saponins treatments for 4 H and 12 H, they mainly belong to genes encoding transporters, glycoside hydrolases, oxidation-reduction enzymes, transcription factors and so on. In addition, there were 21 putative PHI (Pathogen-Host Interaction) genes out of those 93 up-regulated genes. In this report, we identified virulence associated genes in I. mors-panacis G3B which may be related to detoxifying saponins to infect P. notoginseng successfully. They provided an excellent starting point for in-depth study on pathogenicity of I. mors-panacis G3B and developed appropriate root rot disease management strategies in the future.
DFT study of the fouling deposition process in the steam generator by simulating the absorption of Fe2+ on Fe3O4 (001)&nbsp;
Authors: Pan Sanchuan , Lu Ren , Xu Jian , Shoji Tetsuo , Li Ningning , Zhang Tong , Yu Hongying , Sun Dongbai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the interaction between free Fe2+ and Fe3O4 corrosion products on the pipe surface in the secondary circuit of PWR nuclear power plant was studied, and the reason of agglomeration formation was analyzed. The complex physical and chemical interaction was simplified by describing the electron interaction. Based on the first principles, CASTEP was used to simulate seven kinds of highly symmetric adsorption structure models of Fetet1 and Feoct1 on Fe3O4 (001) surface, and their adsorption energies and stable adsorption conformations were calculated. The results show that the most stable adsorption structures of the Fe2+/Fe3O4 (001) configurations are Feoct1-b and Fetet1-Oh. During the adsorption, the Fe-Fe, Fe-O bond length and Fe-Fe-O bond angle of (001) surface changed, and the atomic positions parallel and perpendicular to (001) surface changed correspondingly, the surface layer changes the most. The results prove that the adsorption has great effect on the physical structure of Fe2+ and Fe3O4 (001). The calculation of charge population, the density of states and electron local function of Fe2+/Fe3O4 (001) optimal adsorption configuration also shows that there is electron transfer between Fe2+ and Fe3O4 (001), and the adsorption type is chemisorption. Among them, Fe (Fe2+)-Fe (Fe3O4) forms a metal bond, and Fe (Fe2+)-O (Fe3O4) forms the ionic bond.
Structural, Chemical and Low Temperature Magnetic Properties of Lead Free 0.6NiFe2O4 - 0.4Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 Magnetoelectric Composite
Authors: Kumar G Jegadish , Sarathbavan M , Kumar E Senthil , Navaneethan M , Bharathi K Kamala 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We report on structural, chemical and low temperature magnetic properties of lead free 0.6NiFe2O4 - 0.4Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 composite. NiFe2O4 (NFO) and Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBTO) are seen to crystallize in inverse spinel and perovskite structure respectively. 0.6NiFe2O4 - 0.4Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 composite exhibits both NFO and NBTO phases in appropriate composition. Zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetization measurements carried out from 15 K to 300 K shows a large bifurcation at room temperature. ZFC and FC magnetization measurement exhibit a hump at Tm ⁓ 259.5 K, indicates the possible existence of competing magnetic interactions in 0.6NiFe2O4 - 0.4Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 composite. Saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization and coercivity values are observed to increase with decreasing the temperature. Temperature dependent saturation magnetization is fit to the Bloch’s law. Magnetocrystalline anisotropy (K1) value at various temperatures are estimated and is seen to increase from 0.23 x104 erg/cc (at 300 K) to 0.34 x104 erg/cc (at 15 K).