bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implanting melatonin at lambing enhances lamb growth and maintains high fat content in milk
Authors: Abecia José Alfonso , Luis Silvia , Canto Francisco 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Three experiments were designed to study the effects of melatonin implantation of ewes and lambs after lambing on the growth of lambs and milk quality throughout lactation. In experiment 1, 53 lambs either did (n = 28) or did not (n = 25) receive a subcutaneous 18-mg melatonin implant. In experiment 2, 55 lambs and their mothers either did (lambs: n = 28; ewes: n = 15) or did not (lambs: n = 27; ewes: n = 16) receive a melatonin implant. Milk samples were collected at 15, 30, and 45 d after lambing. In experiment 3, 16 lambs were separated from their mothers 24 h after birth, moved to an artificial rearing unit, and either did (n = 9) or did not (n = 7) receive a melatonin implant. In the three experiments, implants were inserted 24 h after lambing, and lambs were weighed (LW) weekly until weaning. Average daily gains (ADG) from birth to weaning were calculated. Melatonin treatment of lambs did not have a significant effect on LW at weaning or ADG, but lambs reared by implanted ewes in experiment 2 presented higher (P < 0.05) LW (± S.E.M.) at weaning and ADG than did lambs reared by control ewes. At day 45 of lactation, milk fat and total solid content were higher (P < 0.05) in implanted ewes than in control ewes. In conclusion, melatonin treatment of ewes at lambing induced a high growth rate of their lambs and increased the fat content of the milk; however, the direct treatment with melatonin of the lambs at birth did not have an effect in their growth rate.
Distinct Tumor Signatures using Deep Learning-based Characterization of the Peritumoral Microenvironment in Glioblastomas and Brain Metastases
Authors: Samani Zahra Riahi , Parker Drew , Wolf Ronald , Hodges Wes , Brem Steven , Verma Ragini 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Tumor types are classically distinguished based on biopsies of the tumor itself, as well as a radiological interpretation using diverse MRI modalities. In the current study, the overarching goal is to demonstrate that primary (glioblastomas) and secondary (brain metastases) malignancies can be differentiated based on the microstructure of the peritumoral region. This is achieved by exploiting the extracellular water differences between vasogenic edema and infiltrative tissue and training a convolutional neural network (CNN) on the Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)-derived free water volume fraction map of the peritumoral regions of 54 metastases and 89 glioblastoma patients. We obtained 93% accuracy in discriminating metastases from glioblastomas. This level of accuracy surpasses CNNs trained on other conventional DTI-based measures such as fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), that have been used in other studies. Additionally, the CNN captures the peritumoral heterogeneity better than conventional texture features, including Gabor and radiomic features. Our results demonstrate that the extracellular water content of the peritumoral tissue, as captured by the free water volume fraction, is best able to characterize the differences between infiltrative and vasogenic peritumoral regions, paving the way for its use in classifying and benchmarking peritumoral tissue with varying degrees of infiltration.
The world-wide waste web
Authors: Estrada Ernesto , Martinez Johann 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Globally, 7-10 billion tonnes of waste are produced annually1,2, including 300-500 million tonnes of hazardous wastes (HW) --explosive, inflammable, toxic, corrosive, and infective ones3,4. About 10%5 of these HW are traded through a world-wide waste web (W4). The volume of HW traded through the W4 in the last 30 years has grown by 500%6 and will continue to grow7, creating serious legal8, economic6, environmental9 and health10 problems at global scale. Here we investigate the tip of the iceberg of the W4 by
studying networks of 108 categories of wastes traded among 163 countries in the period 2003-2009. Although, most of the HW were traded between developed nations, a disproportionate asymmetry existed in the flow of waste from developed to developing countries. Using a dynamical model we simulate how waste congestion propagates through the W4. We identify 32 countries with poor environmental performance which are at high risk of waste congestion. Therefore, they are a threat of improper
handling and disposal of HW. We found contamination by heavy metals (HM), by volatile organic compounds (VOC) and/or by persistent organic pollutants (POP), which were used as chemical fingerprints (CF) of the improper handling of HW in 94% of these countries.
Multi-Soliton Solutions of the N-Component Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations via Riemann-Hilbert Approach*
Authors: Li Yan , Li Jian , Wang Ruiqi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we utilize the Riemann-Hilbert approach to discuss multi-soliton solutions of the N-component nonlinear Schrodinger equations. Firstly, by transformed Lax pair, we construct the matrix valued functions P1,2 that satisfy the analyticity and normalization and the corresponding jump matrix can be determined. Then, in the reflectionless case, we get the multi-soliton solutions ql(l = 1, ..., N) of the N-component nonlinear Schrodinger equations, which are related to spectral parameters. Particularly, the 2-soliton solutions q1, q2 and q3 of the three-component nonlinear Schrodinger equations are given and the corresponding 2-soliton diagrams are drawn.
WITHDRAWN: High-performance aqueous sodium-ion/sulfur battery using elemental sulfur
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Thakur Neha , Bordoloi Ankur , Yadav Ashok , Jha Shambhunath , Bhattacharyya Dibyendu , Mandal Debaprasad , Nagaiah Tharamani C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Despite a promising outlook, the large-scale application of aqueous rechargeable sodium-ion batteries (ARSIBs) was impeded due to low-capacity electrode materials. Herein we report a high capacity elemental sulfur-based anode (S@NiVP/Pi-NCS) for aqueous rechargeable sodium ion-sulfur batteries using 70 % of elemental sulfur which deliver an outstanding capacity of 826 mA h/g at 0.5 C with an excellent cycling stability even at 10 C and a negligible capacity decay with 0.03 % sulfur loss per cycle even after 400 cycles. In-situ spectro-electrochemical analysis confirms good anchoring ability of the anode and a faster redox kinetics of polysulfide conversion. The chemical interaction with vanadium provides faster redox kinetics of polysulfide conversion and efficient anchoring as revealed by XPS and was further supported by XANES and EXAFS studies wherein the distortion at the V site and overlapping electronic states in NiVP/Pi catalyst was observed. Further, full cell battery using S@NiVP/Pi-NCS anode and Na0.44MnO2 cathode demonstrates an excellent initial capacity of 705 mA h/g based on S loading and 91.7 mAh/g w.r.t. total electrode weight at 0.5 C with 91 % of capacity retention after 400 cycles and two full cells connected in series able to power LED demonstrate its practical application.
Bottom-up Modular Synthesis of Well-Defined Oligo(arylfuran)s
Authors: Chen Yang , Cao Tongxiang , Zhu Shifa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Oligofurans have attracted great attention in the field of materials over the last decades because of their several advantages, such as strong fluorescence, charge delocalization, and increased solubility. Although unsubstituted or alkyl substituted oligofurans have been well-established, there is an increasing demand for the development of the aryl decorated oligofuran with structural diversity and unrevealed properties. Here we report the first example of bottom-up modular construction of chemically and structurally well-defined oligo(arylfuran)s by de novo synthesis of α,β'-bifuran monomers and subsequent coupling reaction. Moreover, a preliminary study of the photophysical properties demonstrated that the polarity-sensitive fluorescence emission (up to 530 nm) and ultra-high Stokes shifts (up to 244 nm) could be achieved by modulating the aryl groups on the oligo(arylfuran)s. These twisted molecules constitute a new class of oligofuran backbone useful for structure−activities relationship studies and appear to be promising fluorophores.
Intraosseous schwannoma of the proximal humarus with pathologic fracture
Authors: Jiang Huajun , Qu Wei , Wu Yuxuan , Yang Jingjing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Intraosseous schwannomas are extremely rare in the humerus, and less than 5 cases have been reported previously in the literature. This is the first report of its origin in the proximal humerus with pathologic fracture. we herein present this case for discussing the reason for its rarity and sharing our experience of management.Case presentation: A 55-year-old female patient who presented with pain in the right shoulder, which caused by tripping and falling over a board. Radiographs, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed considerable tumor in proximal humerus, which connected with a fracture. For this suspected tumor, we performed two operations. Pathological examination demonstrated typical picture of a schwannoma, showing whorls and interlacing fascicles of schwannoma spindle cells. Immunohistochemistry, The tumor cells were diffusely positive for S-100 protein, SOX-10 and CD68, while they were completely negative for desmin, DOG-1, AE1/AE3 and P63. The ki-67 index was about 10%. No mitoses or features of malignancy were identified. Finally, a diagnosis of benign schwannoma with focal of actively proliferated cells was made.Methods: The treatment for intraosseous neurilemmomais with pathologic fracture include excisional biopsy, curettage, bone allograft, and fracture fixation.Results: The patient recovered well. After the surgery, the patient gradually regained mobility and pain subsided. There was no recurrence after 6 months follow-up by X-ray.Conclusion: In our case, the tumor with higher CD68 staining were likely to demonstrate that the tumor volume increase is not only based on cell proliferation, but also intratumoral hemorrhage, vascularization, and inflammation, which may be produce rarefaction of the bone and lead to bone fracture after a trivial trauma.
Soil Microbial Functional Diversity Responses to Different Vegetation Types in the Heilongjiang Zhongyangzhan Black-billed Capercaillie Nature Reserve
Authors: Weng Xiaohong , Li Jiayi , sui xin , Li Mengsha , Yin Weiping , Ma Weichao , Yang Libin , Mu Liqiang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The soil microbial community is an important bioactive component of terrestrial ecosystems. Its structural and functional diversity directly affects carbon and nitrogen processes. This study aimed to investigate the variations in the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in forests with different types of vegetation. Methods: We selected three typical vegetation types, larch (LG), black birch (BD), and larch and black birch mixed (LGBD) forests, located in the Heilongjiang Zhongyangzhan Black-billed Capercaillie Nature Reserve. The Biolog-Eco microplate technology was selected to perform these analyses. Result: Our results showed clear differences between microorganisms in the three typical forests. The average well-colour development (AWCD) change rate gradually increased with incubation time. The BD type had the highest AWCD value, followed by LGBD; the LG forest type had the lowest value. The difference in the soil microbial alpha diversity index between BD and LG was significant. A principal component analysis showed that PC1 and PC2 respectively explained 62.77% and 13.3% of the variance observed. The differences in the soil microbial carbon-source utilization patterns under different vegetation types were mainly caused by esters and carbohydrates. Redundancy analysis showed that soil microbial functional diversity was strongly affected by soil physicochemistrical properties (e.g. organic carbon, total nitrogen, and pH). Conclusion: These results provide a reference for further exploring the relationship between forest communities and soil microbes during the process of forest succession.
Root Responses To Neighbors Depend On Neighbor Identity And Resource Distribution
Authors: Rajaniemi Tara K. , Garlick Kelsey , Drew Robert E. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: In a complex soil environment, competitive and environmental factors will interact with individual traits to influence a plant’s root growth patterns and ability to compete for resources. Here, we examine how root growth of a focal plant, Plantago lanceolata L., responds to resource heterogeneity and to presence of two neighbor species, Centaurea jacea L.and Poa pratensis L. Methods: A full factorial experiment tested the effects of nutrient heterogeneity, neighbors, and their interaction on root responses of Plantago. Roots in shared quadrants of a pot were harvested and quantified by qPCR for plants grown alone or with a neighbor, in patchy or even soil. The effects of experimental treatments on Plantago root mass distribution were tested with two-way ANOVA. Results: When soil resources were evenly distributed, Plantago individuals increased root allocation to soil shared with a Centaurea neighbor but not a Poa neighbor. When soil resources were patchy, Plantago responded more strongly to Poa than to Centuarea, and placed more roots in the high-resource patch. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that plants can respond differently to neighbors depending on species and that integrating multiple cues results in non-additive effects on root behavior.
Research on TD-LTE Wireless Communication Network Propagation Model Optimization and Visual Simulation Based on GIS
Authors: Li Tongyan , Hua Shuchun , Kang Le , Chang Sheng-Hung 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
With the support of GIS spatial analysis technology, based on an in-depth study of the wireless propagation environment of a city, combined with the analysis of project requirements, it proposes to use the SPM model to correct the propagation model parameters, using SPM The wireless propagation model, and research and analysis of the SPM wireless propagation model correction algorithm, further corrected the parameters of a city's SPM wireless propagation model. On this basis, the propagation loss of several classic propagation models in different environments are compared, and the SPM propagation model suitable for the signal frequency band and propagation environment of this study is selected. The correction of the SPM propagation model is based on the designed correction principle and correction process, that is, the weighted least square method is used to fit and analyze the measured level data to obtain an SPM prediction improvement model with local characteristics, and according to the designed verification link Evaluation of the correction results shows that the accuracy requirements are met. Based on the corrected SPM prediction model, link loss calculations were performed on the 13 test base stations studied in the experiment, and the effective coverage radius of each base station community was obtained. In combination with GIS technology, model parameters and workers of each base station participated in the electronic map loading of the area Go to the network planning software to get the wireless signal coverage prediction map of each base station. Finally, according to the technical requirements of the TD-LTE system network planning and network optimization engineering, the objectiveness and rationality of the site selection and number of base stations in the area were verified, and specific problems regarding poor coverage and overlapping coverage in the area were proposed.
Effects of Vegetation Restoration On Soil Carbon Dynamics In Karst And Non-Karst Regions: A Synthesis of Multi-Source Data
Authors: Zhu Xiaocong , Ma Mingguo , Tateno Ryunosuke , He Xinhua , (S85) Weiyu Shi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds A large-scale ecological restoration project has been initiated since 1990s in southwest China, which is one of the largest areas of rocky desertification globally. However, the different influences and potential mechanisms of vegetation restoration on soil carbon(C) sequestration in karst and non-karst regions are still unclear. Methods Based on field investigation and multi-source data synthesis, the mechanisms of soil C sequestration were investigated to determine the most important variables affecting the rate of soil C change (Rs) in southwest China. Results Our results show significant differences in soil C sequestration between karst and non-karst regions with faster and longer C sequestration in karst regions, where Rs was approximately 31 % higher than in non-karst soils. And temperatures could be the primary factor inhibiting soil C sequestration without precipitation. The total effect of nitrogen (N) on Rs was positive in both karst and non-karst regions. Conclusions Phosphorus was the dominant factor limiting the use of N in karst regions and then resulting in limitation of C sequestration. The results indicated that soil C storage could be led to intensify uneven increases due to combination of karst environment and climate change in southwest China in future.
Spatiotemporal Evolution Analysis of NO 2 Column Density before and after COVID-19 Pandemic in Henan Province Based on SI-APSTE Model
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhao Jinhuan , Song Kunlin , Cheng Cheng , Li Shenshen , Cai Kun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Air pollution is the result of comprehensive evolution of a dynamic and complex system composed of emission sources, topography, meteorology and other environmental factors. The establishment of spatiotemporal evolution model is of great significance for the study of air pollution mechanism, trend prediction, identification of pollution sources and pollution control. In this paper, the air pollution system is described based on cellular automata and restricted agents, and a Swarm Intelligence based Air Pollution SpatioTemporal Evolution (SI-APSTE) model is constructed. Then the spatiotemporal evolution analysis method of air pollution is studied. Taking Henan Province before and after COVID-19 pandemic as an example, the NO2 products of TROPOMI and OMI were analysed based on SI-APSTE model. The tropospheric NO2 Vertical Column Densities (VCDs) distribution characteristics of spatiotemporal variation of Henan province before COVID-19 pandemic were studied. Then the tropospheric NO2 VCDs of TROPOMI was used to study the pandemic period, month-on-month and year-on-year in 18 urban areas of Henan Province. The results show that SI-APSTE model can effectively analyse the spatiotemporal evolution of air pollution by using environmental big data and swarm intelligence, and also can establish a theoretical basis for pollution source identification and trend prediction.
Anatomic Subsites and Prognosis of Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: A SEER&nbsp;Population-based 1:1 Propensity-matched Study
Authors: Xie Yangyang , Song Xue , Jin Haimin , Ni Zhongkai , Li Xiaowen , Huang Shifei , Yan Lin , Lin Da , Huang Hai 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The dismal prognosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRC) is a global problem. The current study is conducted to comprehensively evaluate clinicopathological features and survival outcomes in GSRC patients stratified by anatomic subsites. Then predictive nomograms are constructed and validated to improve the effectiveness of personalized management.Method: The patients diagnosed with GSRC were recruited from the online SEER database. The influence of anatomic subsites on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was evaluated using multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Then we employed propensity score matching (PSM) technique to decrease selection bias and balance patients’ epidemiological factors. Predictive nomograms were constructed and validated.Results: Multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that the patients with overlapping gastric cancer (OGC) suffered the highest mortality risk for OS (HR, 1.29; 95%CI, 1.23-1.36; P<0.001) and CSS (HR, 1.33; 95%CI, 1.28-1.37; P<0.001). Age, TNM stage, tumor localization, tumor size, surgery and chemotherapy presented a highly significant relationship with OS and CSS. Following subgroup and PSM analysis, OGC patients were confirmed to have the worst OS and CSS. Then nomograms predicting 6 months, 12 months and 36 months OS and CSS were constructed. The calibration curves and reveiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated the great performance of the nomograms.Conclusion: We identified anatomic subsites as a predictor of survival in those with GSRC. Patients with OGC suffered the highest mortality risk. The proposed nomograms allowed a relatively accurate survival prediction for GSRC patients.
Differential transcriptomic landscapes of multiple organs from SARS-CoV-2 early infected rhesus macaques
Authors: Yang Yun-Gui , Gao Chun-Chun , Li Man , Deng Wei , Chen Yusheng , Sun Yong-Qiao , Li Wen-Jie , Zhang Bing , Zhao Yongliang , Sun Lihong , Li Fengli , Qi Feifei , Qu Yajin , Liu Jiangning , Wang Peng , Niu Yamei , Liang Zhiyong , Huang Bo , Yang Ying , Qin Chuan , Tong Wei-Min 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes complicated clinic manifestations with variable multi-organ injuries, however, the underlying mechanism, in particular immune responses in different organs, remains elusive. In this study, comprehensive transcriptomic alterations of 14 tissues from rhesus macaque infected with SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed. Compared to normal controls, SARS-CoV-2 infection resulted in dysregulation of genes involving diverse functions in various tissues/organs examined, with drastic transcriptomic changes in cerebral cortex and right ventricle. Intriguingly, cerebral cortex exhibited a hyperinflammatory state evidenced by significant upregulation of inflammation response-related genes. Meanwhile, expressions of coagulation, angiogenesis and fibrosis factors were also up-regulated in cerebral cortex. Neuronal receptor NRP1 expression showed a significant induction by SARS-CoV-2 in cerebral cortex, which might be responsible for a higher infectivity and consequent inflammatory response. Overall, our study depicts a multi-tissue/organ transcriptomic landscapes of rhesus macaque with early infection of SARS-CoV-2, and provides important insights into the mechanistic basis for COVID-19-associated clinical complications.
Lactobacillus Paracasei R3 Protects Against Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis in Mice via Regulating Th17/Treg&nbsp;Cell Balance
Authors: Huang Juan , Yang Ziyan , Li Yanyun , Chai Xingxing , Liang Yanfang , Lin Bihua , Ye Ziyu , Zhang Shaobing , Che Zhengping , Zhang Hailiang , Zhang Xueying , Zhang Zhao , Chen Tao , Yang Weiqing , Zeng Jincheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), mainly comprising ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease, are most often a polygenic disorder with contributions from the intestinal microbiome, defects in barrier function, and dysregulated host responses to microbial stimulation. Strategies that target the microbiota have emerged as potential therapies and, of these, probiotics have gained the greatest attention. Herein, we isolated a strain of Lactobacillus paracasei R3 (L.p R3) with strong biofilm formation ability from infant feces. Interestingly, we also found L.p R3 strain can ameliorate the general symptoms of murine colitis, alleviate inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibit Th17 while promote Treg function in murine DSS-induced colitis. Overall, this study suggested that L.p R3 strain significantly improves the symptoms and the pathological damage of mice with colitis and influences the immune function by regulating Th17/Treg cell balance in DSS-induced colitis in mice.