bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local Surface Chemistry Dynamically Monitored by Quantitative Phase Microscopy
Authors: Brasiliense Vitor , Audibert Jean‐Frédéric , Wu Tengfei , Tessier Gilles , Berto Pascal , Miomandre Fabien 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSurface modification by photo grafting constitutes an interesting strategy to prepare functional surfaces. Precision applications, however, demand quantitative methods able to monitor and control the amount and distribution of surface modifications, which is hard to achieve, particularly in operando conditions. In this paper, a label‐free, cost‐effective, all‐optical method based on wavefront sensing which is able to quantitatively track the evolution of grafted layers in real‐time, is presented. By positioning a simple thin diffuser in the close vicinity of a camera, the thickness of grafted patterns is directly evaluated with sub‐nanometric sensitivity and diffraction‐limited lateral resolution. By performing an in‐depth kinetic analysis of the local modification of an inert substrate (glass cover slips) through photografting of arydiazonium salts, different growth regimes are characterized and several parameters are estimated, such as the grafting efficiency, density and the apparent refractive index distribution of the resulting grafted layers. Both focused and widefield‐grafting can be quantitatively monitored in real time, providing valuable guidelines to maximize functionalization efficiency. The association of a well‐characterized versatile photografting reaction with the proposed flexible and sensitive monitoring strategy enables functional surfaces to be prepared, and puts surface micro‐ to submicro‐structuration within the reach of most laboratories.
Mn‐Dopant Differentiating the Ru and Ir Oxidation States in Catalytic Oxides Toward Durable Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Electrolyte
Authors: Joo Jinwhan , Park YeJi , Kim Jun , Kwon Taehyun , Jun Minki , Ahn Docheon , Baik Hionsuck , Jang Jong Hyun , Kim Jin Young , Lee Kwangyeol 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDesigning an efficient and durable electrocatalyst for the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode remains the foremost challenge in developing proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers. Here, a highly active and durable cactus‐like nanoparticle with an exposed heterointerface between the IrO2and the low oxidation state Ru by introducing a trace amount of Mn dopant is reported. The heterostructure fabrication relies on initial mixing of the Ru and Ir phases before electrochemical oxidation to produce a conjoined Ru/IrO2heterointerface. Benefitting from electron transfer at the heterointerface, the low oxidation state Ru species shows excellent initial activity, which is maintained even after 180 h of continuous OER test. In a half‐cell test, the Mn‐doped RuIr nanocactus (Mn‐RuIr NCT) achieves a mass activity of 1.85 A mgIr+Ru−1at 1.48 VRHE, which is 139‐fold higher than that of commercial IrO2. Moreover, the superior electrocatalytic performance of Mn‐RuIr NCT in the PEM electrolysis system ensures its viability in practical uses. The results of the excellent catalytic performance for acidic OER indicate that the heterostructuring robust rutile IrO2and the highly active Ru species with a low oxidation state on the catalyst surface drive a synergistic effect.
Catalytic Insertion Reactions of α‐Imino Carbenoids
Authors: Pal Kuntal , Volla Chandra M. R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOver the past decade, α‐imino carbenoids generated via transition metal (such as rhodium, nickel, copper, palladium, silver) catalyzed denitrogenative ring‐opening of N‐sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles have found an extensive account of applications in synthetic organic chemistry. Particularly, they have been widely utilized as a donor/acceptor carbene complex in a range of transformations leading to diverse nitrogen containing compounds and heterocycles. Along the same direction, 3‐diazoindolin‐2‐imines were successfully applied as an alternative source of α‐imino carbenoid precursors for the development of a number of methodologies to access diverse indole derivatives. This review summarizes the insertion reactions of α‐imino metal carbenes derived from N‐sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles and 3‐diazoindolin‐2‐imines.
Health status of free‐ranging pure and cross‐mixed miniature swine population from Northeast Spain
Authors: Soler Vicente , Casas Encarna , Closa‐Sebastià Francesc , Sanz Albert , Martorell Jaume 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMiniature pigs have gained popularity as companion animals in the recent years in Spain. Due to the fact that their abandonment and crossing breeds with wild boars can cause severe problems, investigation about the health status is needed.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine their health status according to the clinical findings during physical examination and the results of antibody serology tests against selected infectious diseases.MethodsTwo‐hundred and eleven miniature pigs (Sus scrofa) were included in the study. Their origin, age, sex, housing conditions and diet were recorded.ResultsThe housing of the animals ranged from wild animals to ones living in animal sanctuaries. The diet varied from a natural one in the wild to commercial and homemade food. Thirty animals out of two‐hundred and eleven were hybrids between miniature pigs and wild boars according to morphological characteristics. Antibody serology techniques of Influenza A virus, Hepatitis E virus, brucellosis, tuberculosis, African swine fever, Classical swine fever and Aujeszky's disease was performed. The prevalence for Influenza A was 5.30%, for Hepatitis E was 5.35% and the rest tested negative. It is important to control and monitor these zoonotic infections to prevent Public Health problems.ConclusionsThe results obtained from this investigation demonstrated that the animals' health status in this study is optimal and the diseases prevalence is similar or minor when compared to previous studies. This study confirms the hybridization of miniature pig and wild boar in Catalonia.
Yeast stress granules at a glance
Authors: Grousl Tomas , Vojtova Jana , Hasek Jiri , Vomastek Tomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe formation of stress granules (SGs), membrane‐less organelles that are composed of mainly messenger ribonucleoprotein assemblies, is the result of a conserved evolutionary strategy to cellular stress. During their formation, which is triggered by robust environmental stress, SGs sequester translationally inactive mRNA molecules, which are either forwarded for further processing elsewhere or stored during a period of stress within SGs. Removal of mRNA molecules from active translation and their sequestration in SGs allows preferential translation of stress response transcripts. By affecting the specificity of mRNA translation, mRNA localization and stability, SGs are involved in the overall cellular reprogramming during periods of environmental stress and viral infection. Over the past two decades, we have learned which processes drive SGs assembly, how their composition varies under stress, and how they co‐exist with other subcellular organelles. Yeast as a model has been instrumental in our understanding of SG biology. Despite the specific differences between the SGs of yeast and mammals, yeast have been shown to be a valuable tool to the study of SGs in translation‐related stress response. This review summarizes the data surrounding SGs that are formed under different stress conditions inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand other yeast species. It offers a comprehensive and up‐to‐date view on these still somewhat mysterious entities.
Dialectical Materialism
Authors: Zwart Hub 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels strictly speaking never used the term, “dialectical materialism” refers to the philosophy of science and nature developed in (and on the basis of) their writings, emphasising the pivotal role of real-world socio-economic conditions (e.g. labour, class struggle, technological developments). As indicated by their correspondence (Marx & Engels, 1983), their collaboration represented a unique intellectual partnership which began in Paris in 1844 and continued after Marx’s death, when Engels took care of Marx’s legacy, notably the sprawling mass of manuscripts which he managed to transform into Volume II and III of Capital. While their joint effort (resulting in no less than 44 volumes of collected writings known as the Marx Engels Werke, published by Dietz Verlag Berlin) began as co-authorship, they eventually decided on a division of labour (with Marx focussing on Capital), although reading, reviewing, commenting on and contributing to each other’s writings remained an important part of their research practice. As a result of this division of labour, while Marx focussed on political economy, Engels dedicated himself to elaborating a dialectical materialist philosophy of nature and the natural sciences, resulting in works such as the Anti-Dühring and his unfinished Dialectics of Nature (published posthumously), although Engels (a voracious intellectual) wrote and published on may other topics as well, so that his output can be regarded as a dialectical materialist encyclopaedia in fragments. Again, although I will start with an exposition of dialectical materialism, my aim is not to contribute to scholarly discussions on dialectical materialism. My focus is on the how and now, and my aim is to explore how to practice dialectical materialism of technoscience today (cf. Žižek, 2014/2015, p. 1; Hamza, 2016, p. 163).
Psychoanalysing Technoscience
Authors: Zwart Hub 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhile the previous chapter discussed the shift from Hegelian dialectics to dialectical materialism, this chapter addresses the shift from dialectics to psychoanalysis, notably in France, paying due attention to the productive tensions between both approaches. After a concise exposition of Freudian psychoanalysis, focussing on Beyond the Pleasure Principle, the text in which Freud explicitly “plunged into the thickets” of modern biology (Gay, 1988, p. 401), I will extensively discuss the views of Gaston Bachelard and Jacques Lacan on technoscience. Building on a previous publication (Zwart, 2019a), where I already presented a psychoanalytic understanding of technoscience, which I don’t want to duplicate here (focussing on the oeuvres of Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung, Gaston Bachelard and Jacques Lacan), I will now emphasise the continuity between dialectic and psychoanalysis, indicating how dialectics remains an important moment in Bachelard’s and Lacan’s efforts to develop a psychoanalysis of technoscience, both as a discourse and as a practice. In addition, I will elucidate the added value of this convergence by extrapolating it to three concrete case studies, one borrowed from particle physics and two from life sciences research: the Majorana particle, the malaria mosquito and the nude mouse.
Coming to Terms with Technoscience: The Heideggerian Way
Authors: Zwart Hub 
Published: November 2021

AbstractImagine a group of philosophy students, about to complete a Master’s program in continental philosophy, who are invited to visit a life sciences research laboratory, somewhere on a university campus. Having studied some of Heidegger’s quintessential works, such asBeing and TimeandThe Question of Technology, they suddenly find themselves exposed to racks of test-tubes and automated sequencing machines. Suppose that, thrown into such an “unworldly” lab environment, they ask themselves how to interpret their experiences in a Heideggerian manner.
Leading While Female: A Personal Journey
Authors: Katehi Linda 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGrowth in the administrative function of universities along with the fragility of academic culture creates challenges for academic leaders invested in change. In my own case, these challenges were compounded by my gender: my status as an immigrant woman in a leadership role. In this chapter I outline the basic requirements of a democratic culture—allowing individuals to preserve their identity while positively contributing to the community in which they're embedded—and question the gender stereotypes that see men but not women as “naturally” suited to leadership. This prejudice can translate into implicit or even explicit bias and discrimination when women attempt to fill roles that historically have been reserved for men, and thereby violate gender expectations. As a consequence, women leaders may be marginalized and their authority resisted or unrecognized. This chapter is a personal journey detailing my own experiences of “leading while female.”
Data-Driven Decision-Making
Authors: Barbu Sophie J. , McDonald Karen , Brazil-Cruz Lisceth , Sullivan Lisa , Bisson Linda F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAddressing barriers to inclusion requires understanding the nature of the problem at the institutional level. Data collection and assessment are both crucial for this aim. In this chapter, we describe two important classes of data: (1) data on diversity that define the potential nature of the issues at stake and the need for change, and (2) data on assessing the usefulness of new programs, processes, and policies in creating a more diverse institution. Both sets of data are important for effective decision-making. At the same time, data analyses can be challenging because issues of equity and inclusion are complex and determining the basis of comparison or the “ideal” diversity target can be difficult. Nevertheless, data gathering and analysis are critical to assess progress and to provide a basis for both accountability and efficacy. Moreover, the ability to document that a problem indeed exists will help justify the need for change and, ideally, spur corrective action.
Leadership and Organizational Structure
Authors: Bisson Linda F. , Jamison-McClung Denneal , Grindstaff Laura , Katehi Linda , de Leon Siantz Mary Lou 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAchieving diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in an institution requires a strong and lasting commitment from organizational leaders. Given the magnitude of the challenges, that commitment must be organizationally embedded such that changes in leadership do not lead to changes in commitment or to backsliding as new initiatives emerge and potentially gain favor. Leadership is essential to establishing the overall vision of a new institutional culture as well as accurate and responsive communication of that vision. It is also necessary to build committed teams with relevant expertise. The organizational structure must reflect the involvement of experts but also be broadly inclusive of the community in question and establish mechanisms for learning, communication, and open discussion. This chapter describes the role of leadership in institutional transformation as well as elements of team assembly and design, along with the critical role of communication.
A Long-Term Vision on Faculty Diversity at UC Davis
Authors: Aldana Raquel E. , Moreno Josephine M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe sustainability of ADVANCE, beyond its early successes at UC Davis, largely depends on whether it can propel the types of transformational changes needed to fulfill ADVANCE’s own aspirations. One of these aspirations is to change the face of STEM at UC Davis. Transformational change must consider the pipeline of Latinx and other underrepresented students into all doctoral programs, including but not limited to STEM. This chapter addresses the need to expand on the ADVANCE initiative to grow the pool of doctoral underrepresented minority (URM) students at UC Davis and nationally, as well as to promote their integration into successful careers after graduation, as professors, scientists, or professionals who go on to become leaders in government or industry. At UC Davis, these efforts have already begun in earnest and include visionary changes to revamp recruitment practices for graduate students, transform graduate admissions practices, and improve mentoring of students during and after completion of their programs. This chapter explores these efforts at UC Davis and summarizes the lessons learned from their implementation.
Making Visible the Invisible: Studying Latina STEM Scholars
Authors: Flores Yvette G. , Grindstaff Laura , Brazil-Cruz Lisceth 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the experience of conducting collaborative, interview-based research on the career pathways of Latina STEM scholars in the United States. In addition to outlining our key findings, we address the process of conducting the research and explain why the Latina experience is crucial to understanding current discrimination practices. We discuss the theoretical foundations of our methodology and the importance of qualitative, in-depth interviews as a specific form of knowledge-production, as well as topics such as researcher ethics, positionality, confidentiality, emotional labor, and the advantages and challenges of interdisciplinary collaboration.
Wilson line correlators beyond the large-Nc
Authors: Isaksen Johannes Hamre , Tywoniuk Konrad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We study hard 1 → 2 final-state parton splittings in the medium, and put special emphasis on calculating the Wilson line correlators that appear in these calculations. As partons go through the medium their color continuously rotates, an effect that is encapsulated in a Wilson line along their trajectory. When calculating observables, one typically has to calculate traces of two or more medium-averaged Wilson lines. These are usually dealt with in the literature by invoking the large-Nc limit, but exact calculations have been lacking in many cases. In our work, we show how correlators of multiple Wilson lines appear, and develop a method to calculate them numerically to all orders in Nc. Initially, we focus on the trace of four Wilson lines, which we develop a differential equation for. We will then generalize this calculation to a product of an arbitrary number of Wilson lines, and show how to do the exact calculation numerically, and even analytically in the large-Nc limit. Color sub-leading corrections, that are suppressed with a factor $$ {N}_c^{-2} $$

N
c

−
2

relative to the leading scaling, are calculated explicitly for the four-point correlator and we discuss how to extend this method to the general case. These results are relevant for high-pT jet processes and initial stage physics at the LHC.
Asymptotic Weyl double copy
Authors: Godazgar Hadi , Godazgar Mahdi , Monteiro Ricardo , Veiga David Peinador , Pope C. N. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A characteristic value formulation of the Weyl double copy leads to an asymptotic formulation. We find that the Weyl double copy holds asymptotically in cases where the full solution is algebraically general, using rotating STU supergravity black holes as an example. The asymptotic formulation provides clues regarding the relation between asymptotic symmetries that follows from the double copy. Using the C-metric as an example, we show that a previous interpretation of this gravity solution as a superrotation has a single copy analogue relating the appropriate Liénard-Wiechert potential to a large gauge transformation.
Treatment of mid-trimester preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) with multi-resistant bacteria-colonized anhydramnion with continuous amnioinfusion and meropenem: a case report and literature review
Authors: Tchirikov Michael , Ocker Ronja , Seliger Gregor , Chaoui Katarina , Moritz Stefan , Haase Roland 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Treatment of mid-trimester classic preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) with systemic antibiotics has limited success in the prevention of chorioamnionitis, funisitis and fetal inflammatory response syndrome because of very low transplacental passage.

Methods
Here we report a case of PPROM at 18 weeks gestation with anhydramnion colonized by multi-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli). A catheter system was implanted at 23/2nd weeks gestation, enabling long-term continuous lavage of the amniotic cavity with Amnion Flush Solution (100 ml/h combined with intraamniotic meropenem application).

Results
The patient gave birth to a preterm male infant at 28/3rd without any signs of infection. In a follow-up examination at 24 months, there was no neurological disturbance or developmental delay.

Conclusion
The classic PPROM with multi-resistant E. coli colonization could be treated with continuous amnioinfusion and meropenem.
Impact of Flow Based Market Coupling on the European Electricity Markets
Authors: Finck Rafael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFlow Based Market Coupling is the target model for determining exchange capacities in the internal European Electricity Market. It has been in operation in Central Western Europe since 2015 and is scheduled to be extended to the wider Core region in the near future. Exchange capacities have a significant impact on market prices, exchanges and the energy mix, thus also determining the CO$${}_{2}$$
2
footprint of electricity generation in the system. Stakeholders therefore need to develop an understanding for the impact of Flow Based Market Coupling and the parameter choice, like the minimum exchange capacities introduced in 2020, on the market outcome. This article presents a framework to model Flow Based Market Coupling and analyse the impact of different levels of regulatory induced minimum trading capacities as well as the effect of the extension towards the Core region. Electricity prices, exchange positions and the number and nature of binding constraints in the market results under different market coupling scenarios are investigated. The results show that increased level of minimum trading capacities in CWE market coupling decrease the German net export position by up to 7 TW h or 23%, while French exports increase by up to 10 TW h or 9%. The different transfer capacity in the scenarios induce a price difference of up to 13%. Increased exchange capacities allow for more base load generation with the corresponding effects for the CO$${}_{2}$$
2
emissions of the system. The nature of coupling constraints is highly dynamic and dependent on the system state, which makes the suitability of static NTC values in energy system scenarios questionable.
Globalisierung in der Krise?
Authors:   ZG Überblick
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Globalisierung hat im vergangenen Jahrzehnt deutlich an Geschwindigkeit verloren. Der Welthandel wuchs in den 2010er Jahren langsamer als die Weltproduktion. Protektionistische Tendenzen bremsen den Welthandel, auch wenn der Multilateralismus nach der Präsidentschaft Donald Trumps wieder an Rückhalt gewonnen hat. Auch die Corona-Pandemie und Lieferengpässe haben Sand in das Getriebe der Globalisierung gestreut. Lediglich der internationale Handel mit Dienstleistungen zeigt noch ein robustes Wachstum. Deutschlands enge wirtschaftliche Verflechtung mit der Welt bedeutet auch, dass Störungen in Lieferketten oder Nachfrageeinbrüche während einer Pandemie äußerst negativ zu bewerten sind und geeignete Strategien für die globale Gesundheitssicherheit verfolgt werden sollten.
Chinas Belt and Road Initiative wandelt sich
Authors: Kuhn Britta 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungSchon vor der Corona-Pandemie belasteten finanzielle und geopolitische Probleme die „Neue Seidenstraße“: Chinas Gesamtinvestitionen gehen seit Jahren zurück, wichtige Bauprojekte sind unrentabel, die Partner in Ost- und Südosteuropa wenden sich ab, und umweltschädliche Vorhaben stoßen zunehmend auf Widerstand. Seit 2020 bieten wohlhabende Demokratien verstärkt Alternativen, und auch die Volksrepublik stundet Schulden. Xi Jinping forciert daher neben dem „BRI Green Partnership“ vor allem die „Digital Silk Road“ und „China Standards 2035“, also globale Technologie- und Normierungsprojekte.