bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential of rice landraces with strong culms as genetic resources for improving lodging resistance against super typhoons
Authors: Nomura Tomohiro , Seki Yoshiaki , Matsuoka Makoto , Yano Kenji , Chigira Koki , Adachi Shunsuke , Piñera-Chavez Francisco J. , Reynolds Matthew , Ohkubo Satoshi , Ookawa Taiichiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is generally believed that rice landraces with long culms are susceptible to lodging, and have not been utilized for breeding to improve lodging resistance. However, little is known about the structural culm strength of landraces and their beneficial genetic loci. Therefore, in this study, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed using a rice population panel including Japanese rice landraces to identify beneficial loci associated with strong culms. As a result, the landraces were found to have higher structural culm strength and greater diversity than the breeding varieties. Genetic loci associated with strong culms were identified, and it was demonstrated that haplotypes with positive effects of those loci were present in a high proportion of these landraces. These results indicated that the utilization of the strong culm-associated loci present in Japanese rice landraces may further improve the lodging resistance of modern breeding varieties that have relied on semi-dwarfism.
Suitable binder for Li-ion battery anode produced from rice husk
Authors: Kumagai Seiji , Abe Yusuke , Tomioka Masahiro , Kabir Mahmudul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRice husk (RH) is a globally abundant and sustainable bioresource composed of lignocellulose and inorganic components, the majority of which consist of silicon oxides (approximately 20% w/w in dried RH). In this work, a RH-derived C/SiOx composite (RHC) was prepared by carbonization at 1000 °C for use in Li-ion battery anodes. To find a suitable binder for RHC, the RHC-based electrodes were fabricated using two different contemporary aqueous binders: polyacrylic acid (PAA) and a combination of carboxymethyl cellulose and styrene butadiene rubber (CMC/SBR). The rate and cycling performances of the RHC electrodes with respect to the insertion/extraction of Li ions were evaluated in a half-cell configuration. The cell was shorted for 24 h to completely lithiate the RHC. Impedance analysis was conducted to identify the source of the increase in the resistance of the RHC electrodes. The RHC electrode fabricated using PAA exhibited higher specific capacity for Li-ion extraction during the cycling test. The PAA binder strengthened the electrode and alleviated the increase in electrode resistance caused by the formation of the interphase film. The high affinity of PAA for SiOx in RHC was responsible for the stabilization of the anodic performance of Li-ion batteries.
Validation of the mean systemic filling pressure assessment with preserved arterial blood flow by comparing two methods of calculation
Authors: De Blasi Roberto Alberto , Finazzi Stefano 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe developed a method for measuring in vivo venular volumes and the mean systemic filling pressure in the limbs using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). We aimed to validate the NIRS methodology by comparing two independent methods of calculation based on different physiological approaches. Pressure–volumes (P–V) curves were recorded following graded venous occlusion on the forearm. Values from a P–V curves analysis model (method 1) were compared with data derived from a resistor-capacitance calculation model (method 2) based on arterial pressure and venous compliance. We tested these methods on 10 healthy participants at rest and during exercise and on 6 severely ill patients. Results from method 1 were comparable with those calculated by method 2. Venular volumes calculated using method 1 correlated linearly with those calculated using method 2 both in participants (R2 = 0.98) and in patients (R2 = 0.94). A good agreement between methods was shown with few values out of the range of ± 1.96 standard deviation. Our findings added mathematical consistency for the NIRS methodology validation in the venular P–V assessment with no flow interruption. Further research will be required to confirm the relevance of the methodology in the clinical setting.
Berberine elevates cardiolipin in heart of offspring from mouse dams with high fat diet-induced gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Cole Laura K. , Sparagna Genevieve C. , Vandel Marilyne , Xiang Bo , Dolinsky Vernon W. , Hatch Grant M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBerberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid from plants known to improve cardiac mitochondrial function in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) offspring but the mechanism is poorly understood. We examined the role of the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) in mediating this cardiac improvement. C57BL/6 female mice were fed either a Lean-inducing low-fat diet or a GDM-inducing high-fat diet for 6 weeks prior to breeding. Lean and GDM-exposed male offspring were randomly assigned a low-fat, high-fat, or high-fat diet containing BBR at weaning for 12 weeks. The content of CL was elevated in the heart of GDM offspring fed a high fat diet containing BBR. The increase in total cardiac CL was due to significant increases in the most abundant and functionally important CL species, tetralinoleoyl-CL and this correlated with an increase in the expression of the CL remodeling enzyme tafazzin. Additionally, BBR treatment increased expression of cardiac enzymes involved in fatty acid uptake and oxidation and electron transport chain subunits in high fat diet fed GDM offspring. Thus, dietary BBR protection from cardiac dysfunction in GDM exposed offspring involves improvement in mitochondrial function mediated through increased synthesis of CL.
A proteomic platform to identify off-target proteins associated with therapeutic modalities that induce protein degradation or gene silencing
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhang Ye , Ward Lucas D. , Yan Qinghong , Bohnuud Tanggis , Hernandez Rocio , Lao Socheata , Yuan Jing , Fan Fan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNovel modalities such as PROTAC and RNAi have the ability to inadvertently alter the abundance of endogenous proteins. Currently available in vitro secondary pharmacology assays, which evaluate off-target binding or activity of small molecules, do not fully assess the off-target effects of PROTAC and are not applicable to RNAi. To address this gap, we developed a proteomics-based platform to comprehensively evaluate the abundance of off-target proteins. First, we selected off-target proteins using genetics and pharmacology evidence. This process yielded 2813 proteins, which we refer to as the “selected off-target proteome” (SOTP). An iterative algorithm was then used to identify four human cell lines out of 932. The 4 cell lines collectively expressed ~ 80% of the SOTP based on transcriptome data. Second, we used mass spectrometry to quantify the intracellular and extracellular proteins from the selected cell lines. Among over 10,000 quantifiable proteins identified, 1828 were part of the predefined SOTP. The SOTP was designed to be easily modified or expanded, owing to the rational selection process developed and the label free LC–MS/MS approach chosen. This versatility inherent to our platform is essential to design fit-for-purpose studies that can address the dynamic questions faced in investigative toxicology.
Valorization of cigarette butts for synthesis of levulinic acid as top value-added chemicals
Authors: Laurenza Amelita G. , Losito Onofrio , Casiello Michele , Fusco Caterina , Nacci Angelo , Pantone Vincenzo , D’Accolti Lucia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnprecedented in the literature, levulinic acid (LA), one of the top value-added intermediates of chemical industry, is obtained from cigarette butts as cellulose feedstock by means of a one-pot hydrothermal process carried out at 200 °C for 2 h and catalysed by phosphoric acid. The protocol avoids the use of more aggressive and toxic H2SO4 and HCl, that are generally employed on several cellulose sources (e.g. sludge paper), thus minimizing corrosion phenomena of plants. Neither chemical pre-treatment of butts nor specific purification procedure of LA are required. Notably, by simply modifying acid catalyst (e.g. using CH3COOH), another top value-added fine chemical such as 5-hydroxymethylfuraldehyde (HMF) is obtained, thus widening the scope of the method. Being cigarette filters a waste available in quantities of megatonnes per year, they represent an unlimited at no cost source of cellulose, thus enabling the up-scale to an industrial level of LA production.
Effect of erythritol and xylitol on Streptococcus pyogenes causing peritonsillar abscesses
Authors: Kõljalg Siiri , Vaikjärv Risto , Smidt Imbi , Rööp Tiiu , Chakrabarti Anirikh , Kasenõmm Priit , Mändar Reet 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPolyols are effective against caries-causing streptococci but the effect on oropharynx-derived pyogenic streptococci is not well characterised. We aimed to study the effect of erythritol (ERY) and xylitol (XYL) againstStreptococcus pyogenesisolated from peritonsillar abscesses (PTA). We used 31 clinical isolates and 5 throat culture collection strains. Inhibition of bacterial growth by polyols at 2.5%, 5% and 10% concentrations was studied and the results were scored. Amylase levels in PTA pus were compared to polyol effectivity scores (PES). Growth curves of fourS. pyogenesisolates were analysed. Our study showed that XYL was more effective than ERY inhibiting 71–97% and 48–84% of isolates, respectively, depending of concentrations. 48% of clinical and all throat strains were inhibited by polyols in all concentrations (PES 3). PES was negative or zero in 26% of the isolates in the presence of ERY and in 19% of XYL. ERY enhanced the growth ofS. pyogenesisolated from pus with high amylase levels. Polyols in all concentrations inhibited the growth in exponential phase. In conclusion, ERY and XYL are potent growth inhibitors ofS. pyogenesisolated from PTA. Therefore, ERY and XYL may have potential in preventing PTA in the patients with frequent tonsillitis episodes.
Abnormal visual attention to simple social stimuli in 4-month-old infants at high risk for Autism
Authors: Di Giorgio Elisa , Rosa-Salva Orsola , Frasnelli Elisa , Calcagnì Antonio , Lunghi Marco , Scattoni Maria Luisa , Simion Francesca , Vallortigara Giorgio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDespite an increasing interest in detecting early signs of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), the pathogenesis of the social impairments characterizing ASD is still largely unknown. Atypical visual attention to social stimuli is a potential early marker of the social and communicative deficits of ASD. Some authors hypothesized that such impairments are present from birth, leading to a decline in the subsequent typical functioning of the learning-mechanisms. Others suggested that these early deficits emerge during the transition from subcortically to cortically mediated mechanisms, happening around 2–3 months of age. The present study aimed to provide additional evidence on the origin of the early visual attention disturbance that seems to characterize infants at high risk (HR) for ASD. Four visual preference tasks were used to investigate social attention in 4-month-old HR, compared to low-risk (LR) infants of the same age. Visual attention differences between HR and LR infants emerged only for stimuli depicting a direct eye-gaze, compared to an adverted eye-gaze. Specifically, HR infants showed a significant visual preference for the direct eye-gaze stimulus compared to LR infants, which may indicate a delayed development of the visual preferences normally observed at birth in typically developing infants. No other differences were found between groups. Results are discussed in the light of the hypotheses on the origins of early social visual attention impairments in infants at risk for ASD.
Identification of potent anticancer copper(ii) complexes containing tripodal bis[2-ethyl-di(3,5-dialkyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)]amine moiety
Authors: Massoud Salah S. , Louka Febee R. , Dial Madison T. , Malek Andrew J. , Fischer Roland C. , Mautner Franz A. , Vančo Ján , Malina Tomáš , Dvořák Zdeněk , Trávníček Zdeněk 
Published: August 2021

Five Cu(ii) complexes with tripodal pyrazolyl-amines have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Three of the complexes revealed significantly higher in vitro cytotoxicity than cisplatin against five human cancer cell lines.
An efficient spectrum scheduling mechanism using Markov decision chain for 5G mobile network
Authors: Huang Shih‐Yun , Cho Hsin‐Hung , Chang Yao‐Chung , Yuan Jie‐Yu , Chao Han‐Chieh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecently, the 5G as the next‐generation network is a popular research and discussed widely. The architecture of 5G is a heterogeneous network, and it can support more networked types, like the ultra‐dense network, traditional cellular network, and Machine to Machine communication. Although the high frequency and larger bandwidth have been using in 5G, resource allocation is still a critical issue that needs to be discussed and solved. Consider the spectrum resource is limited, but almost all users hope that equipment can get a better quality of services. Therefore, how to manage the spectrum resource and allocation is a big problem. Consider the fast‐growing devices and traffic in the future; hence, task scheduling for UEs to reduce energy consumption will be focused on. To solve resource allocation and minimise energy consumption, the Markov decision chain is proposed to be used to predict the channel state. The modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) is also used in this paper to find the best task scheduling. The simulation will be used to verify the performance of the mechanism that is used and compare it with PSO and first‐in‐first‐service (FIFS). The result shows the method used can be scheduled for the task efficiently.
Distributed trust‐based unscented Kalman filter for non‐linear state estimation under cyber‐attacks: The application of manoeuvring target tracking over wireless sensor networks
Authors: Adeli Mahdieh , Hajatipour Majid , Yazdanpanah Mohammad Javad , Shafieirad Mohsen , Hashemi‐Dezaki Hamed 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper is concerned with secure state estimation of non‐linear systems under malicious cyber‐attacks. The application of target tracking over a wireless sensor network is investigated. The existence of rotational manoeuvre in the target movement introduces non‐linear behaviour in the dynamic model of the system. Moreover, in wireless sensor networks under cyber‐attacks, erroneous information is spread in the whole network by imperilling some nodes and consequently their neighbours. Thus, they can deteriorate the performance of tracking. Despite the development of target tracking techniques in wireless sensor networks, the problem of rotational manoeuvring target tracking under cyber‐attacks is still challenging. To deal with the model non‐linearity due to target rotational manoeuvres, an unscented Kalman filter is employed to estimate the target state variables consisting of the position and velocity. A diffusion‐based distributed unscented Kalman filtering combined with a trust‐based scheme is applied to ensure robustness against the cyber‐attacks in manoeuvring target tracking applications over a wireless sensor network with secured nodes. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in terms of tracking accuracy, while random attacks, false data injection attacks, and replay attacks are considered.
Solar wind Alfvénicity during solar cycle 23 and 24
Authors: D’Amicis R. , Alielden K. , Perrone D. , Bruno R. , Telloni D. , Raines J. M. , Lepri S. T. , Zhao L. 
Published: August 2021

Context.Alfvénic fluctuations are ubiquitous features observed in solar wind, especially in the inner heliosphere. However, strong Alfvénic fluctuations are recovered in the near-Earth solar wind too, mainly in fast streams, but also in some cases in slow wind intervals, as highlighted in recent studies.Aims.The present study focuses on a statistical comparison between different phases of solar cycles 23 and 24 with regard to the Alfvénic content of solar wind fluctuations. Particular attention is devoted to the Alfvénic slow solar wind, in relation to the solar wind composition and other parameters.Methods.Two-dimensional histograms of the solar wind speed versus the normalized cross-helicity have been used to feature the Alfvénic character of solar wind turbulence on each phase of the solar cycles considered. Moreover, we characterize the different phases of solar cycles by also using composition data. Finally, case studies are discussed to better highlight the similarities and differences between the two solar maxima, which more clearly show a predominance of Alfvénic slow solar wind.Results.The statistical analysis highlights similarities between two solar cycles and confirms that the Alfvénic slow wind is more frequently observed during the maximum of solar activity. The two representative time intervals, containing samples of this solar wind regime, show similar characteristics, with a particular reference to the spectral analysis.Conclusions.This study has important implications for future observations by Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter, devoted to the study of the inner heliosphere inside Mercury’s orbit. In fact, both missions will operate up to the maximum of solar cycle 25 which is fast approaching. These unprecedented measurements will then provide insights into the origin and evolution of the Alfvénic solar wind close to the region where it is generated and accelerated.
Herausforderungen der Opioid-Agonistentherapie aus der Perspektive der Mitarbeitenden in Behandlungszentren
Authors: Köck Patrick , Schmalz Ann-Marie , Walter Marc , Strasser Johannes , Dürsteler Kenneth M. , Vogel Marc 
Published: August 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDank verbesserter Behandlungsmöglichkeiten opioidabhängiger Menschen ist ein Anstieg der Zahl älterer Patienten in Opioid-Agonistentherapie (OAT) zu verzeichnen. Insgesamt verbesserte sich die Lebenserwartung dieser Patienten in den letzten Jahren deutlich und das Durchschnittsalter der Patienten in OAT nahm zu. Bei den über 50-jährigen OAT-Patienten fiel auf, dass sich diese Population im Vergleich zur gleichaltrigen Normalbevölkerung in schlechterem Gesundheitszustand sowie auf niedrigerem sozialen Funktionsniveau befindet. Die Entstehung eines neuen Patientenkollektives stellt komplexe Ansprüche an das Gesundheitssystem. Insbesondere betrifft dies die somatische, psychiatrische und psychosoziale Versorgung dieser Patientengruppe. Diese Herausforderungen wurden kaum untersucht. Mittels einer Online-Umfrage wurde eine Analyse der Situation aus Sicht der Behandlungsanbieter in der deutschsprachigen Schweiz durchgeführt. Dabei wurden aus Sicht der Mitarbeitenden Bedarf an verbesserter altersgerechter Infrastruktur, ausgearbeitete Konzepte im Umgang mit älteren Patienten sowie Fortbildungen im Bereich „Palliative Care“ festgestellt. Einigkeit bestand darüber, dass die OAT auch für ältere Patienten weiterhin ermöglicht werden sollte.
Anti-Craving-Substanzen bei Alkoholabhängigkeit
Authors: Rösner Susanne , Soyka Michael 
Published: August 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Therapieerfolge von Anti-Craving-Substanzen bewegen sich im Bereich geringer bis moderater Effekte. Gleichzeitig macht die starke Heterogenität der Effekte innerhalb von Studien deutlich, dass sich Patienten im Ansprechen auf Anti-Craving-Substanzen unterscheiden und in bestimmten Patientengruppen stärkere Effekte als im Stichprobenmittel erzielt werden. Eine daraus ableitbare therapeutische Strategie basiert auf der Individualisierung der pharmakologischen Rückfallprophylaxe unter Berücksichtigung der zugrunde liegenden Wirkmechanismen 1. Ein weiterer Ansatz besteht in der Modifikation von Faktoren, die für das Ansprechen von Patienten von Bedeutung sind. Voraussetzung dafür ist die Identifikation individueller Einflussfaktoren und die Etablierung von Methoden, diese in positiver Richtung zu verändern.Der folgende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die aktuelle Befundlage zur Wirksamkeit von Anti-Craving-Substanzen, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf die Darstellung individueller Effektmoderatoren als Grundlage für die Ableitung optimierender Strategien gelegt wird.
Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports
Authors: Nayak Sandeep M. , Gukasyan Natalie , Barrett Frederick S. , Erowid Earth , Erowid Fire , Griffiths Roland R. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction Psychedelics show promise in treating unipolar depression, though patients with bipolar disorder have been excluded from recent psychedelic trials. There is limited information on the use of classic psychedelics (e. g., LSD or psilocybin) in individuals using mood stabilizers to treat bipolar disorder. This is important to know, as individuals with bipolar depression may attempt to treat themselves with psychedelics while on a mood stabilizer, particularly given enthusiastic media reports of the efficacy of psilocybin for depression.
Methods This study analyzed reports of classic psychedelics administered with mood stabilizers from 3 websites (Erowid.org, Shroomery.org, and Reddit.com).
Results Strikingly, 47% of 62 lithium plus psychedelic reports involved seizures, and an additional 18% resulted in bad trips while none of 34 lamotrigine reports did. Further, 39% of lithium reports involved medical attention. Most of the lamotrigine reports (65%) but few (8%) of the lithium reports were judged to not affect the psychedelic experience.
Discussion Although further research is needed, we provisionally conclude that psychedelic use may pose a significant seizure risk for patients on lithium.
Husten und Belastungsdyspnoe nach ölhaltiger Mentholinhalation
Authors: Friedrich Juliane , Michels Berthold , Lohfink-Schumm Sylvia , Mackert Heide Isabell , Bargon Joachim 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungEin 48-jähriger Patient mit einem seit 5 Wochen bestehenden nichtproduktiven Husten und Belastungsdyspnoe stellte sich in der pneumologischen Ambulanz vor. Eine Lungenfunktion enthüllte eine leichtgradige Diffusionsstörung. In einer durchgeführten Computertomografie des Thorax ergab sich das Bild einer atypischen Pneumonie mit beidseitigen, im rechten Oberlappen-betonten Konsolidierungen.In einer transbronchialen Biopsie aus dem Bereich der Veränderungen ließen sich mittels der Sudan-Schwarz-Färbung mit Lipid-beladene Makrophagen nachweisen. Damit konnte die Diagnose einer Lipidpneumonie gesichert werden, die im Rahmen einer Inhalation mentholhaltiger Substanzen entstanden ist.Nach Absetzen des auslösenden Agens sowie hochdosierter Steroidgabe zeigten sich die Beschwerden regredient.