bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding drivers of loneliness: Machine learning insights from the HILDA Survey
Authors: Li Isabel , Skinner Adam , Varidel Mathew , Zhao Jesse , Hickie Ian B. , Occhipinti Jo-An 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Loneliness has emerged as a pervasive public health challenge. Understanding loneliness and its associated risk factors is crucial for developing interventions to address this issue effectively. This study aimed to investigate loneliness among adults living in Australia, comparing different age cohorts.

Method:
This study used 10,815, 11,234, 14,670, and 15,049 records with loneliness measurements taken at 2006, 2010, 2014, and 2018 respectively from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. A supervised machine learning algorithm, CatBoost, was employed to predict loneliness. Model predictions were explained using Shapley Additive Explanations and Partial Dependence Plots across five age-based subgroups to capture life stage variations.

Results:
Mental wellbeing, having a life partner, social connectedness, and social fulfilment were the most important predictors of loneliness at the whole-population level. Among young adults, friendship fulfilment, financial satisfaction, and health were relatively strong predictors of loneliness, while loneliness in older adults was more strongly associated with spare time fulfilment, community satisfaction, and the loss of loved ones. Youth who reported that they did not have a lot of friends were predicted to have a 46.5% [ 45.9% - 47.2%] chance of experiencing loneliness. Seniors have a 44.9% [43.9% - 45.8%] chance of experiencing loneliness if they were almost always not fulfilled in their spare time.

Implications:
This study underscores the need to recognise the heterogeneity of loneliness across the lifecourse and the importance of both targeted strategies and efforts to improve broader social cohesion.
A raising operator formula for Macdonald polynomials
Authors: Blasiak J. , Haiman M. , Morse J. , Pun A. , Seelinger G. H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We give an explicit raising operator formula for the modified Macdonald polynomials

$\tilde {H}_{\mu }(X;q,t)$

, which follows from our recent formula for

$\nabla $

on an LLT polynomial and the Haglund-Haiman-Loehr formula expressing modified Macdonald polynomials as sums of LLT polynomials. Our method just as easily yields a formula for a family of symmetric functions

$\tilde {H}^{1,n}(X;q,t)$

that we call

$1,n$

-Macdonald polynomials, which reduce to a scalar multiple of

$\tilde {H}_{\mu }(X;q,t)$

when

$n=1$

. We conjecture that the coefficients of

$1,n$

-Macdonald polynomials in terms of Schur functions belong to

${\mathbb N}[q,t]$

, generalizing Macdonald positivity.
When deciding creates overconfidence
Authors: Boyle Peter J. , Russo J. Edward , Kim Juyoung 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To the known causes of overconfidence in decisions and judgments, we reveal another source that derives from a bias during the act of decision making. While this bias, the predecisional distortion of information, is well studied, its impact on overconfidence is not. We demonstrate how the distortion of information creates overconfidence in those professionals often regarded as singularly overconfident, entrepreneurs. When these professionals use a sequence of relevant information to make an accept-reject decision about a business opportunity, a cycle of confidence-distortion-confidence builds unjustified confidence in the chosen action – and does so whether that action is to accept or reject the venture. Overconfidence is a well-recognized cause of flawed decision making. Our work demonstrates the paradoxical converse of this claim, that flawed decision making can be a cause of overconfidence.
The Ethics of Nuclear Energy: Technological Advancements and the Need for Revised Theological Guidance
Authors: Doherty David 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores some ethical implications of nuclear energy from a theological perspective. The key point argued for is that the few texts in the literature that address nuclear energy from a theological perspective do not give adequate weight to the importance of the potential benefits of nuclear energy as part of climate change mitigation strategies. The same also applies to the possible role of nuclear energy in providing compensation for future generations in terms of energy resource durability. The texts thus fail to address matters of importance for intergenerational justice. I examine first an article by Jame Schaefer that discusses Aquinas’ conception of prudence in relation to nuclear energy. I then discuss the relevant sections of the papal encyclical, Laudato Si’ and the Japanese Bishops Conference’s document, Abolition of Nuclear Power. All these texts fail to articulate the potential benefits of nuclear energy pertaining to some perspectives on intergenerational justice, because they do not take sufficient note of advances in nuclear technology that would allay some of the concerns expressed within the texts with which I take issue.
Women on the ballot and women at the polls: how women's representation shapes voter turnout in local elections
Authors: Coman Emanuel , Shair-Rosenfield Sarah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We argue that more female candidates on the ballot will decrease the gender participation gap at the polls. We test this hypothesis with data from Italian local elections between 2008 and 2020, taking advantage of a 2012 law requiring at least a third of local council candidates to be women in localities with 5000+ inhabitants. Exploiting the exogenous geographic variation and timing in the implementation of the electoral reform, we evaluate the effect of this exogenously driven variation in women's candidacy on the gendered voting gap. We find a significant and substantively strong causal relationship between the share of women on the ballot and the gendered gap, driven by an increase in women's, but not men's, participation at the polls.
Maternal intake of dairy products is inversely associated with birth weight in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Xie Cuiling , Zheng Qing-Xiang , Jiang Xiumin , Liao Yanping , Gao Xiaoxia , Zhu Yu , Li Jianing , Liu Rulin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the intake of dairy products during pregnancy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and its impacts on neonatal birth weight and pregnancy outcomes. A total of 386 women with GDM during the second trimester pregnancy participated in this prospective cohort study. We evaluated dairy products intake through Food Frequency Questionnaire. Pregnancy outcomes were obtained from the delivery data. Participants were divided into insufficient and sufficient intake of milk and dairy products group (<300 g/day and ≥300 g/day, respectively). The average intake of dairy products during the second trimester pregnancy in women with GDM was 317.8±179.5 g/day, and the total energy intake was 1635.4±708.7 kcal/day. However, 76.68% of them did not meet the recommended total energy intake of women with GDM. After adjusting for confounding factors, women with GDM who consumed ≥300 g/day of dairy products had an average reduction in birth weight of 93.1 g compared to women who consumed <300 g/day of dairy products (95% CI: -171.343, -14.927). Women with GDM in sufficient intake group was also associated with lower risk of macrosomia (95% CI: 0.043, 0.695) and cesarean section (95% CI: 0.387, 0.933), and not related to low birth weight infant (95% CI: 0.617, 14.502) and preterm birth (95% CI: 0.186, 1.510) when compared with participants in insufficient intake group. Under the premise of insufficient total energy intake, the intake of dairy products during the second trimester pregnancy in women with GDM might be related to the decrease of neonatal birth weight.
The mean residual life at random age and its connection to variability measures
Authors: Asadi Majid , Berred Alexandre 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We consider a nonnegative random variable T representing the lifetime of a system. We discuss the residual lifetime

$T_X=(T-X|T \gt X)$

, where X denotes the random age of the system. We also discuss the mean residual life (MRL) of T at the random time X. It is shown that the MRL at random age (MRLR) is closely related to some well-known variability measures. In particular, we show that the MRLR can be considered a generalization of Gini’s mean difference (GMD). Under the proportional hazards model, we show that the MRLR gives the extended GMD and the extended cumulative residual entropy as special cases. Then, we provide a decomposition result indicating that the MRLR has a covariance representation. Some comparison results are also established for the MRLs of two systems at random ages.
Multiple papillary fibroelastoma presenting with mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary valve involvement and surgical treatment: case report
Authors: Biçer Bilgehan B. , Aykan Hayrettin Hakan , Alpat Şafak , Yılmaz Mustafa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Approximately 90% of primary paediatric cardiac tumours are benign lesions. Depending on their location and size, benign cardiac tumours may cause inflow and outflow obstructions, cyanosis, valvular insufficiencies, myocardial ischaemia, associated dysfunction, systemic embolisation, arrhythmias, and even sudden death. Decision-making and timing for surgery can be challenging in children. Herein, we present an asymptomatic 11-year-old girl with papillary fibroelastoma in the mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary valves, discussing the decision-making process and successful surgical management.
How bilingualism affects cognitive and linguistic skills in children with developmental language disorders
Authors: Marini Andrea , Andreetta Sara , Mita Alda , Piccolo Barbara , Berginc Moira , Ozbič Martina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examined the linguistic and cognitive characteristics of two groups of Italian preschoolers with developmental language disorder (DLD): one group of monolingual Italian speakers and another of Italian-Slovenian bilinguals. The assessment focused on executive functions (EFs) (i.e., phonological working memory and inhibitory control) and linguistic abilities, which involved a multilevel analysis of discourse production. The bilingual group outperformed the monolingual group on tasks measuring EFs. While the two groups showed similar performance across several linguistic measures, the bilingual children demonstrated superior grammatical comprehension, albeit with high variability. A similar level of variability was observed in the bilingual group’s phonological discrimination abilities. Both grammatical comprehension and phonological discrimination were significantly correlated with EFs. These findings are discussed in the context of current theories of linguistic development in bilingual children with DLD.
Flexilateralism in EU Trade Policy: The Case of Aviation Fuels in the Hardening Environmental Trade Instruments
Authors: Kalimo Harri , Happersberger Simon , Mateo Eleanor 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Over the past 20 years, the European Union (EU) has shifted the emphasis of its trade policy from multilateral agreements towards bilateral preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and, more recently, to unilateral policy instruments. In this article we analyze the EU’s growing ambitions in promoting environmental sustainability in the context of these shifts. We advance an analytical and a conceptual argument, focusing on a product group that is highly relevant to the EU’s green transition: aviation fuels. We argue that the increasing hardness and ambition of the EU’s environmental policy instruments on the sustainability of aviation fuels contributes to a trend of ‘unilateralization’ in EU trade policy. Our analysis further illustrates how the complementary qualities of hardness and ambition in the multi-, bi-, and unilateral EU instruments lead to their flexible combination in the EU trade policy mix. Based on these findings, we propose to describe and critically analyze the EU’s current approach as ‘flexilateralism’. The EU has changed from prioritizing multilateralism to a more pragmatic, flexilateral approach, rather than for fully fledged bilateralism or unilateralism. This is what the EU’s more assertive ‘strategic autonomy’ may be about: a flexilateral approach to better address issues such as environmental sustainability with the most useful combination of instruments available.
Hmong Transnational Marriages: Nuancing Stereotypes
Authors: Xiong Bao , Baird Ian G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Transnational marriage is a controversial topic in Hmong communities in the United States, Laos, and Thailand, and has sometimes led to intra-ethnic disputes and conflicts. Initially, many of the Hmong American men who travelled overseas to marry Hmong Lao or Thai women were already married. Furthermore, the Hmong American community has frequently come to believe that economic gain is the primary motivation for Hmong Lao/Thai women to marry Hmong American men. On the other hand, some activists have referred to these marriages generally as “abusive transnational marriages.” The association of economic resources with transnational marriage, including remittances, increased bride prices, and opportunities for migration to the United States, has perpetuated negative stereotypes that frequently overshadow the personal stories of many Hmong Lao/Thai women who do not fit with the stereotypes. For these women, marrying a Hmong American man signifies not only personal gain but also economic advancement for their families. This paper reviews the intricacies related to the topic of Hmong transnational marriage between Hmong American men and their Hmong Lao and Hmong Thai brides. In doing so, we argue that it is important to consider the complexity and nuances associated with Hmong transnational marriages, as they take on various forms that go beyond standard stereotypes.
Monitoring Peatland Condition and Restoration Sites Using Vertical Surface Motion Data From the European Ground Motion Service
Authors: Wilson M. P. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVertical displacement data from satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) can indicate peatland condition and can therefore be used for restoration site identification or monitoring programs. However, many peatland scientists and restoration practitioners lack InSAR expertise and do not have the financial resources available to purchase data processed by commercial third parties. Conversely, the European Ground Motion Service (EGMS) freely provides pre‐processed vertical displacement data derived from the Sentinel‐1 satellites. Using data covering the North Pennines National Landscape, England, this study is the first to investigate the potential for using EGMS Level 3 Ortho products to monitor landscape‐scale peatland condition and the impacts of site‐scale restoration. Linear regression analysis showed that, despite site restoration being considered successful based on visually extensive re‐vegetation and water retention, the peatland is still subsiding at rates of −1.3 to −4.4 mm/year, likely because more time is needed for peat‐forming Sphagnum spp. to re‐colonize the site and exceed degradation rates. Nevertheless, there were indications that restoration interventions may be slowing subsidence in some areas and seasonally linked bog breathing may be returning to the site, which was absent prior to restoration efforts. The largest drawback of the EGMS Ortho products is their limited spatial coverage in rural vegetated locations, meaning peatlands are unlikely to receive the near‐full coverage possible using advanced InSAR techniques. Nonetheless, where EGMS Ortho product coverage does exist, vertical displacement data can offer useful insight into the dynamic functionality of peatlands which cannot be obtained through monitoring programs based on visual observations.
Origin of Water and Hydrochemical Components of Lakes: Example From the Mu Us Desert, Northwest China
Authors: Liu Fengxia , Wang Guangcai , Liao Fu , Shi Zheming , Cravotta Charles , Zhou Pengpeng , Liang Xiangyang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDesert lakes are sparsely distributed in arid/semi‐arid regions of the world and are crucial to desert hydro‐ecosystem. However, the sources of water and dissolved components in desert lakes, especially the inputs from anthropogenic activities, remain to be fully understood. This study used water stable isotopes, self‐organizing maps, and principal component analysis to explore the origins of lake water in the Mu Us desert, northwest China, where intensive coal mining activities exist. Results show that all desert lakes were distinguished into two types: (a) Type A, dominated by Ca‐HCO3 type with a relatively low TDS (192–405 mg/L) and the highest concentration of NO3− (1.14–5.94 mg/L); (b) Type B, characterized by Na‐HCO3 type with a highest content of SO42– and TDS up to 159 and 1,207 mg/L, respectively. The water stable isotopic compositions in lake water of Type B are depleted compared to those of the lake water of Type A. A combined analysis of hydrochemistry of lake water, groundwater, and mine water suggest that the desert lakes have different sources: lake water of Type A originated from Quaternary groundwater discharge, while lake water of Type B was derived from the treated mine drainage (TMD) which led to higher TDS and SO42–. The hydrochemistry of Type A lakes was influenced by agricultural activities (fertilizer use and livestock manure), whereas the hydrochemistry in Type B lakes were mainly controlled by the infiltrated TMD nearby. This hydrochemical characterization approach may be helpful to understand the hydrology of desert lakes elsewhere.
Systematic identification of cancer pathways and potential drugs for intervention through multi-omics analysis
Authors: Xu Tuan , Ngan Deborah K. , Zheng Wei , Huang Ruili 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The pathogenesis of cancer is complicated, and different types of cancer often exhibit different gene mutations resulting in different omics profiles. The purpose of this study was to systematically identify cancer-specific biological pathways and potential cancer-targeting drugs. We collectively analyzed the transcriptomics and proteomics data from 16 common types of human cancer to study the mechanism of carcinogenesis and seek potential treatment. Statistical approaches were applied to identify significant molecular targets and pathways related to each cancer type. Potential anti-cancer drugs were subsequently retrieved that can target these pathways. The number of significant pathways linked to each cancer type ranged from four (stomach cancer) to 112 (acute myeloid leukemia), and the number of therapeutic drugs that can target these cancer related pathways, ranged from one (ovarian cancer) to 97 (acute myeloid leukemia and non-small-cell lung carcinoma). As a validation of our method, some of these drugs are FDA approved therapies for their corresponding cancer type. Our findings provide a rich source of testable hypotheses that can be applied to deconvolute the complex underlying mechanisms of human cancer and used to prioritize and repurpose drugs as anti-cancer therapies.
An evolutionary perspective on the genetics of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Breton Édith , Kaufmann Tobias 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) typically emerges around adolescence and predominantly affects females. Recent progress has been made in identifying biological correlates of AN, but more research is needed to pinpoint the specific mechanisms that lead to its development and maintenance. There is a known phenotypic link between AN, growth and sexual maturation, yet the genetic overlap between these phenotypes remains enigmatic. One may hypothesize that shared factors between AN, energy metabolism and reproductive functions may have been under recent evolutionary selection. Here, we characterize the genetic overlap between AN, BMI and age at menarche, and aimed to reveal recent evolutionary factors that may help explain the origin of AN. We obtained publicly available GWAS summary statistics of AN, BMI and age at menarche and studied the polygenic overlap between them. Next, we used Neandertal Selective Sweep scores to explore recent evolutionary selection. We found 22 loci overlapping between AN and BMI, and 9 loci between AN and age at menarche, with 7 of these not previously associated with AN. We found that loci associated with AN may have been under particular evolutionary dynamic. Chronobiology appeared relevant to the studied genetic overlaps and prone to recent evolutionary selection, offering a promising avenue for future research. Taken together, our findings contribute to the understanding of the genetic underpinning of AN. Ultimately, better knowledge of the biological origins of AN may help to target specific biological processes and facilitate early intervention in individuals who are most at risk.
Hepatic factor MANF drives hepatocytes reprogramming by detaining cytosolic CK19 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Mei Qiong , Zhang Yu , Li Hong , Ma Wei , Huang Wenkai , Wu Zhengsheng , Huang Yongli , Liang Yanyan , Wei Chuansheng , Wang Jinfeng , Ruan Yuefeng , Yang Lin , Huang Yan , Shen Yujun , Liu Jun , Feng Lijie , Shen Yuxian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment. Hepatocytes have been considered as one of the origins of ICC, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), a hepatoprotective factor, was exceptionally upregulated in human ICC tissues and experimental mouse ICC models induced by sleeping beauty transposon (SBT) or thioacetamide (TAA) challenge. We identified MANF as a biomarker for distinguishing the primary liver cancer and verified the oncogenic role of MANF in ICC using cell lines overexpressing/knocked down MANF and mice specifically knocked in/out MANF in hepatocytes. Lineage tracing revealed that MANF promoted mature hepatocyte transformation into ICC cells. Mechanistically, MANF interacted with CK19 at Ser35 to suppress CK19 membrane recruitment. Cytosolic CK19 bound to AR domain of Notch2 intracellular domain (NICD2) to stabilize NICD2 protein level and trigger Notch signaling, which contributed to hepatocyte transformation to ICC cells. We uncover a novel profile of MANF and the original mechanism, which shed light on ICC diagnosis and intervention.
What have we learned from a decade treating patients with diabetic macular oedema with 0.19 mg fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant?
Authors: Kodjikian Laurent , Duarte Lilianne , Singh Pankaj , Habib Maged , Gonzalez Victor 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Diabetic macular oedema [DMO] is a prevalent and sight-threatening condition among diabetic patients, which can cause irreversible blindness. Since angiogenesis and inflammation are two key elements in the etiopathogenesis of DMO, intravitreal injections of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors [anti-VEGF] and sustained released intravitreal corticosteroid implants are currently considered as treatments of choice. The introduction, 10 years ago, of the 0.19 mg fluocinolone acetonide [FAc] implant for treating eyes with vision impairment associated with recurrent and persistent DMO represented an important advance. Since then, two randomized-control trials and many real-world studies have shown its good efficacy/safety profile and the replicability of its treatment regimen. The FAc implant is, in general terms well tolerated, although it is associated with intraocular pressure-[IOP] and cataract-related adverse events [AEs]. Most IOP-related AEs are effectively controlled with ocular-hypotensive therapies. The objective of this paper is to review the role of FAc implant in the treatment of DMO over the 10 years since its launch, as well as its impact on clinical practice outcomes.