bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Protective Sprinkler Irrigation on Yield and Water Productivity of Kharif Grown Rain Fed Crops
Authors: Ramulu V. , Reddy M. Devender 
Published: January 2021

Background: The food grain and non-food grain crops occupy 48 and 68% area respectively under rain fed condition. Due to uneven rainfall, the rainfed crop suffers for want of adequate soil moisture at critical growth stages. Under such situation, protective irrigation ensures adequate soil moisture which results higher production. Crops like tomato, maize, groundnut and red gram are predominantly grown during kharif as rain fed crops. Relieving the soil moisture stress during the critical crop growth stages with more efficient irrigation system assumes importance in rain fed farming. Methods: An experiment was conducted for three years during kharif 2008, 2009 and 2010 at the College Farm, Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agril. University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad on a sandy loam soil to study the yield advantage of protective sprinkler irrigation to kharif grown rain fed tomato, maize, groundnut and red gram crops. The trial was conducted in strip plot design with protective sprinkler irrigations as main plots and rainfed kharif crops as sub-plots and replicated thrice. The three main treatments comprised of - one protective sprinkler irrigation at flower/peg/tassel initiation, two protective sprinkler irrigations at flower and fruiting, tassel and grain filling, peg formation and pod filling and flowering and pod filling stages and rain fed (control). The sub treatments consisted of four crops- tomato, maize, groundnut and red gram. Result: There was an increase in yield with one and two protective sprinkler irrigations by 16.7 and 27.9; 17.7 and 44 5; 26.4 and 34.5 and 21.1 and 28.9% over their corresponding rain fed crops of tomato, groundnut, maize and red gram, respectively. There was an increase of 20.4 and 31.6% in Maize Equivalent Yield (MEY) with one and two protective irrigations as compared to rain fed crop. The water productivity was lower in all the crops grown under rain fed conditions (0.77 kg MEY m-3) as compared to that of one and two protective irrigations.
El derecho fundamental a una sociedad libre de corrupción: una contribución desde Latinoamérica
Authors: Fonseca Luján Roberto Carlos 
Published: January 2021

Dentro de los trabajos del enfoque basado en derechos humanos sobre la corrupción, la posición más adelantada ha propuesto la existencia de un derecho humano a una sociedad libre de corrupción. La cuestión sobre este nuevo derecho continúa abierta; su existencia no se ha rebatido con solidez, ni se ha fundamentado de manera satisfactoria. El artículo se dirige a esta cuestión. Tras revisar el estado de la discusión sobre los vínculos entre derechos humanos y corrupción, se aportan razones en favor del reconocimiento de este derecho. Asimismo, se comenta la contribución del constitucionalismo latinoamericano reciente al tema, que ya ha consagrado en algún caso a la libertad frente a la corrupción como derecho fundamental.
Juridical Analysis of the Amendment of Law of the Corruption Eradication Commission in Eradicating Corruption from Legal and Economic Perspective
Authors: Siregar Hulman 
Published: January 2021

<table width="680" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="487"><p><strong>In this case, the efforts to eradicate corruption by law enforcement officials, prosecutors of the Republic of Indonesia, and Indonesian police, have not been significant. To make the eradication of corruption useful corresponding to the mandate of law, then the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) was formed; this institution is known as the super body institution. The method used in this research is combining normative juridical methods with empirical facts to analyze the effectiveness of corruption eradication in legislation. Over time, the role of the KPK in eradicating corruption received intense attention from the public, both pro, and contra. The legislature wants to revitalize the implementation of the KPK's duties with several considerations, to prioritize prevention efforts through the revision of Law Number 19 of 2019 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 30 of 2002 concerning the Corruption Eradication Commission</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
Evaluasi pelatihan peningkatan kompetensi TIK Pustekkom untuk guru di Papua dan Papua Barat
Authors: Defrian Putut Wasitto  
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk evaluasi pelatihan berdasarkan dari komponen e-learning yaitu resource support issue dan evaluation issue dari pelatihan peningkatan kompetensi TIK yang diadakan oleh PUSTEKKOM.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi dengan menggunakan model evaluasi sumatif dan hal yang dievaluasi mengacu dengan komponen e-learning yang dikemukakan oleh Badrul Khan. evaluasi ini dilakukan atas dasar menelaah laporan pelaksanaan pelatihan yang mana didapati berbagai macam masalah ketika pelaksanaan pelatihan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebar kuesioner, wawancara dan observasi non partisipan.
Hasil dari pelatihan ini menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua peserta merasa layanan yang diberikan oleh pustekkom sudah baik, dan sistem evaluasi yang dilakukan sudah cukup baik.
Kata kunci : Evaluasi, Evaluasi pelatihan, e-learning, Badrul Khan, Evaluasi peningkatan kompetensi TIK PUSTEKKOM
MENGARANG SYAIR-SYAIR ARAB MELALUI KEBIASAAN MENULIS SISWA DALAM KAJIAN ARUDH WAL QOWAFI
Authors: Nasir Amin , Huda Miftahul 
Published: January 2021

<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstrak</em></strong></p><p>Tulisan ini melihat syair-syair Arab melalui kebiasaan menulis siswa. Melalui kajian arudh wal qowafi atas karya, bentuk dan isi puisi Arab, tulisan ini berkesimpulan bahwa puisi Arab, sebagai kreatifitas dan memukau bakat minat dalam tradisi penulisan syair-syair Arab, nyaris tidak mengalami perkembangan jika siswa tidak kreatif untuk membuat mengolah dan kreatif dalam penulisan yang indah. Hanya saja, pada awalnya siswa memang merasa berat untuk melakukan tantangan dan usaha yang maksimal dalam belajar akan tetapi setelah lama berkecimpung siswa menjadi tertarik dan semnagat untuk mengarang dalam bentuk menerjemah dan mengarang bebas lebih dikenal dalam dinamika menulis siswa dalam menulis syair-syair Arab, Ashr al-Nahdlah,kesadaran internal atas absennya kreativitas dalam puisi Arab dan stimulan eksternal akibat interaksi guru dengan siswa telah melahirkan benih-benih syair-syair Arab yang kreatif dan mengasikkan. Paling tidak, Kebiasaan menulis bagi siswa yang kratif. Kemunculan tradisi puisi Arab modern ini disertai dengan tiga pola umum, yaitu pengaruh pola syair-syair yang terkandung dari kebiasaan yang lebih maju, pola eskapisme, dan pencarian identitas diri.Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian lapangan, pendekatannya menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dan bersifat deskriptif. Adapun metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan metode analisis datanya yaitu dengan reduksi data, menyajikannya serta mengambil kesimpulan. Dan untuk analisis kevalidan datanya dengan perpanjangan pengamatan, meningkatkan ketekunan, triangulasi, referensi, dan member check.</p><p>Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran ilmu arudh Roudhotul Mubtadiin BaleKambang Gemiring Nalumsari Jepara berjalan efektif, hal itu disebabkan guru menggunaan metode taqlidiyyah atau metode deduktif dalam proses pembelajarannya. Kitab bantu yang digunakan Tashiilut Thullab yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran ilmu arudh di Roudhotul Mubtadiin Balai Kambang Gemiring Nalumsari Jepara memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan, kelebihannya ialah penulisannya dengan bahasa jawa serta dilengkapi rumus-rumus. Sedangkan kekurangannya adalah masih ada sebagian keterangan yang tulisan dengan bahasa arab yang sulit difaham, serta tidak semua pilihan kata disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan zihaf dan ilal maka masih dalam penjabaran yang kurang pas.</p><p>Kata kunci:<strong> <em>Syair-Syair Arab, Kebiasaan Menulis Siswa, Kajian Arudh Wal Qowafi</em></strong></p>
Long-term life history predicts current elderly gut microbiome
Authors: Raes Jeroen , Si Jiyeon , Gregory Ann , Vázquez-Castellanos Jorge , Decommer Lindsey , Rymenans Leen , Proost Sebastian , Weger Martin , Notdurfter Marlene , Leitner Christoph , Santer Peter , Rungger Gregorio , Willeit Johann , Willeit Peter , Pechlaner Raimund , Grabherr Felix , Kiechl Stefan , Tilg Herbert 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Extensive scientific and clinical microbiome studies have explored contemporary variation and dynamics of the gut microbiome in human health and disease1–4, yet the role of long-term life-history effects is underinvestigated. Here, we analyzed the current microbiome composition in the elderly Bruneck Study cohort (n = 304; age 65–98) with extensive clinical, demographic, lifestyle, and nutritional data collected over the past 26 years. Combined analysis with the Flemish Gut Flora Project cohort (FGFP; n = 2,215; age 18–85) showed community richness increasing during aging linked to increased observation of low-abundance bacteria. Multivariate analysis of historical variables indicated that medication history, historical physical activity, past dietary habits, and specific past laboratory parameters explain a significant fraction of current elderly quantitative microbiome variation, enlarging the explanatory power of contemporary covariates by 33.4%. Prediction of current enterotype by past host variables revealed good levels of predictability (AUC > 0.7) for the Prevotella and dysbiotic Bacteroides 2 enterotypes with information from up to 15 years past. These findings demonstrate long-term life history effects on the microbiota and provide first insights into lifestyle variables and their role in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota in later life.
Neural stem cells restore cognitive function in Parkinsonian macaques
Authors: Vezoli Julien , Wianny Florence , Dzahini Kwamivi , Fifel Karim , Wilson Charles , Bernat Agnieszka , Dolmazon Virginie , Misery Pierre , Lamy Camille , Cooper Howard , Procyk Emmanuel , Kennedy Henry , Savatier Pierre , Dehay Colette 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cognitive deficits as well as disorders of sleep and biological rhythms constitute non-motor symptoms that significantly impact quality of life in Parkinson’s disease patients. Few studies have evaluated the impact of cell replacement therapy on such non-motor symptoms. Here we used a multidisciplinary approach to assess the therapeutic potential of bilateral grafts of neural stem cells in a macaque model of Parkinson’s disease on both motor and non-motor markers of functional recovery. Grafts led to varying degrees of functional recovery while sham experiments did not. We show unprecedented recovery from cognitive symptoms in addition to a clear clinical motor recuperation. Motor and cognitive recovery but not circadian rhythm recovery correlated with the degree of graft integration into the host environment and with in-vivo levels of striatal dopaminergic transporters and function. This study provides empirical evidence that neural stem cells transplantation efficiently restore function at multiple levels in Parkinsonian non-human primates. We demonstrate the promising potential of multiple-sites neural stem cells grafts for Parkinson’s disease but furthermore underline the crucial importance of such multidisciplinary approaches for an effective clinical translation.
Evaluation of Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants for Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic activities
Authors: Oguntimehin Samuel , Ajaiyeoba Edith , Ogbole Omonike , Dada-Adegbola Hannah , Oluremi Bosede , Adeniji Adekunle 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Increased exposure to pathogens and free radicals contributed to the high incidence and mortality rate of various cancers in Nigeria and globally. Promotion of scientific research on medicinal plants in collaboration with traditional health practitioners to validate claims made on safety, efficacy and quality of traditional medicinal plants in the treatment of cancer is imperative. This study aims at screening extracts of selected Nigerian medicinal plants used traditionally for cancer treatment for antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities towards identification of potential source of new anticancer agents.Methods: Twenty-one extracts from sixteen medicinal plants species were screened for their cytotoxicity on RD, HeLa and Hep-2 cancer cell lines using MTT assay. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts as well as their Total Phenolic Content (TPC) were evaluated. The extracts were also evaluated for their antimicrobial activity using spectrophotometric growth inhibition method. Results: Extracts of Tetrapleura tetrapleura and Xylopia aethiopica showed high DPPH inhibitory activity and phenolic content. Extracts of X. aethiopica and Anchomanes difformis showed broad spectrum of antibacterial activities while root extracts of Crotolaria retusa and T. tetraptera exhibited antifungal activities comparable (P<0.05) to Ketoconazole. Extracts of Capcicum frutescens, Aspilia africana, X. aethiopica, T. tetraptera and C. retusa showed broad spectrum of cytotoxic activities.Conclusions: Extracts of T. tetraptera and X. aethiopica demonstrated satisfactory activities in all the biological tests which could be linked to their high phenolic contents. The findings support the ethno-medicinal uses of most of the tested medicinal plants.
Protagonists and spectators during photocatalytic solar water splitting with SrTaOxNy oxynitride
Authors: Lawley Craig , Tehrani Zahra Pourmand , Clark Adam , Safonova Olga , Doebeli Max , Strocov Vladimir , Schmidt Thomas , Lippert Thomas , Nachtegaal Maarten , Pergolesi Daniele 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Oxynitrides have been shown to be promising visible light water splitting photocatalysts, but rapidly degrade under operating conditions. With a custom designed photoelectrochemical cell, we perform operando grazing incidence X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements on the oxynitride semiconductor SrTaOxNy during photocatalytic solar water splitting. We show that the nature of the A-site (Sr) and its evolution during operation, have large impacts on the overall stability and catalytic acitivity of the material, leading to an enriched BO2 (Ta(OH)/TaO(OH)) like surface. However, this usually beneficial effect with respect to increased surface hydrophilicity has complications for the efficiency of the photocatalytic process, as the OH and O(OH) intermediates formed are in competition between O2 generation and NOx species formation in the initial stages of operation. Operando characterisation of the evolution of the electronic structure of the photocatalyst proves to be an invaluable tool for the rational design and discovery of new and better performing materials.
The Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Antenatal Depression Among All Pregnant Women Attending the Obstetrics Clinic for the First Time in A Comprehensive Teaching Hospital
Authors: Guo Jiamei , Zheng Anhai , He jinglan , Ai Ming , Gan Yao , zhang Qi , Chen Lulu , Liang Sisi , Yu Xiaoyu , Kuang Li 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Antenatal depression is one of the most common complications among women. However, few policy-related studies have examined this problem. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for antenatal depression among all pregnant women first attending the obstetrics clinic in a comprehensive teaching hospital.Methods: From June to December 2019, 5780 pregnant women completed online mental health questionnaires, and data from 5728 of the women were analyzed. The women were categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of depression. Depression was assessed by the PHQ-9, and the cutoff point for depression was 10. Anxiety and somatic symptoms were measured by the GAD-7 and PHQ-15, respectively. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the association among antenatal depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms and participants’ characteristics.Results: The prevalence of antenatal depression was 16.3%. Having a low level of education (P=0.012), being a rural resident (P=0.008), having an early pregnancy (P＜0.0001), having a higher GAD-7 score (P＜0.0001) and having a higher PHQ-15 score (P＜0.0001) were risk factors for antenatal depression among women.Conclusions: One in six women was depressed throughout the pregnancy. Online mental health assessment is an effective and convenient screening method that should be widely used for pregnant women in obstetric clinics, and special attention should be paid to some risk factors (i.e., early pregnancy, anxiety symptoms, somatic symptoms, low levels of education, rural residence).
Identifying Potential Prognostic Biomarkers Associated With Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Huang Shaojie , Yao Jia , Lai Xiaofan , Yang Lu , Ye Fang , Huang Wenqi , Xie Yubin , Wang Zhongxing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms of HCC remain largely unknown so far. Methods: To unravel the underlying carcinogenic mechanisms, we utilized Robust Rank Aggregation analysis (RRA) to identify a set of overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from 5 microarray datasets on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Enriched Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of DEGs were conducted. The protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and Cytoscape V3.8.0 was used for selecting hub genes. The expression of hub genes was validated in TCGA datasets and HCC samples in our center by qPCR and immunohistochemistry analysis. Results: Totally 126 DEGs were identified. GO and KEGG pathways of DEGs mostly associated with “organelle fission”, “nuclear division” and “caffeine metabolism. Ten hub genes (BUB1B, CDKN3, CCNB1, CCNB2, CDK1, TOP2A, CDC20, MELK, NUSAP1, AURKA) were selected. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) analysis suggested the good value of these genes for HCC diagnosis and prognosis. These genes were upregulated in HCC samples from TCGA, which were associated with higher tumor grades and possibly resulted from hypomethylation. Moreover, these hub genes were markedly dysregulated in HCC samples in our center and significantly associated with clinicopathologic characteristics of HCC patients. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study identified several hub genes as novel candidate biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of HCC, which may provide new insight into HCC pathogenesis in order to search for better treatments.
Switching off microcavity polariton condensate near the exceptional point
Authors: Li Yao , Ma Xuekai , Hatzopoulos Zacharias , Savvidis Pavlos , Schumacher Stefan , Gao Tingge 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Gain and loss modulation are ubiquitous in nature. An exceptional point arises when both the eigenvectors and eigenvalues coalesce, which in a physical system can be achieved by engineering the gain and loss coefficients, leading to a wide variety of counter-intuitive phenomena. In this work we demonstrate the existence of an exceptional point in an exciton polariton condensate in a double-well potential. Remarkably, near the exceptional point, the polariton condensate localized in one potential well can be switched off by an additional optical excitation in the other well with very low (far below threshold) laser power which surprisingly induces additional loss into the system. Increasing the power of the additional laser leads to a situation in which gain dominates in both wells again, such that the polaritons re-condense with almost the same density in the two potential wells. Our results offer a simple way to optically manipulate the polariton condensation process in a double-well potential structure. Extending such configuration to complex potential well lattices offers exciting prospects to explore high-order exceptional points and non-Hermitian topological photonics in a non-equilibrium many-body system.
Interrupted Time-Series for the Evaluation of Affordable Care Act Impact on Stereotactic Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Brain Metastases
Authors: Beydoun Hind , Huang Shuyan , Beydoun May , Eid Shaker , Zonderman Alan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The 2010 Affordable Care Act aimed at reducing healthcare costs, improving healthcare quality and expanding health insurance coverage among uninsured individuals in the United States. We examined trends in utilization of radiation therapies and stereotactic radiosurgery before and after its implementation among U.S. adults hospitalized with brain metastasis.Methods: Interrupted time-series analyses of data on 383934 2005-2014 Nationwide Inpatient Sample hospitalizations were performed, whereby yearly and quarterly cross-sectional data were evaluated and Affordable Care Act implementation was considered the main exposure variable, stratifying by patient and hospital characteristics. Results: We observed consistently declining trends in radiation therapy over time and post-Affordable Care Act status with variability in level of utilization among specific sub-groups. Stereotactic radiosurgery prevalence increased over time among Hispanics, elective admissions, Midwestern hospitals, non-teaching hospitals and hospitals with medium bed size. Post-Affordable Care Act was associated with increased stereotactic radiosurgery prevalence among African-Americans, non-elective and weekend admissions, with changes in slope in the context of weekend admissions and hospitals with large bed size. Conclusions: Whereas hospitalized adults in the United States utilized less radiation therapy and slightly more stereotactic radiosurgery over the ten-year period, utilization levels and trends were not consistent among distinct sub-groups defined by patient and hospital characteristics, with some traditionally underserved populations more likely to receive healthcare services post-Affordable Care Act implementation. The Affordable Care Act may be helpful at reducing the need for radiation therapy and closing the gap in access to technological advances such as stereotactic radiosurgery for treating brain metastases.
A Prognostic Model Based on TMB-Related Lncrnas Predicts Outcome of Liver Cancer Patients
Authors: Wang Yao , Tan Chaisheng , Qian Yeben 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
TMB-related lncrnas and their clinical significance in liver cancer have not been explored.Combining the expression levels of these lncrnas, somatic mutation files and clinical information in patients with liver cancer,we identified 514 lncrnas that are closely related to TMB.Based on these lncrnas, a TMB-derived lncRNA Signature (TMBLncSig) was established. TMBLncSig categorized the patients into high-risk group and low-risk group. There was a significant difference in the prognosis of the patients between the two groups, which was further verified in the independent test set.TMBLncSig is associated with TMB level in liver cancer patients and has the potential to be used as a TMB level measurement tool. In summary this st provide new thought for further study on the role of lncRNA in the difference of TMB level in liver cancer patients.