bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial recovery of demersal fish communities in coastal waters of Hong Kong, South China, following a trawl ban
Authors: Mak Yanny K. Y. , Tao Lily S. R. , Ho Valerie C. M. , Dudgeon David , Cheung William W. L. , Leung Kenneth M. Y. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFisheries resources in Hong Kong have been overexploited since the 1970s due to intensive bottom trawling and other fishing activities that have depleted stocks and destroyed marine habitat. To rehabilitate depleted fisheries resources, a permanent ban on trawling in Hong Kong territorial waters came into force on December 31, 2012. In order to determine whether the trawl facilitated recovery of fish communities, trawl surveys were conducted at two sites in each of the eastern, southern and western (estuarine) coastal waters of Hong Kong before and three years after the trawl ban. A total of 315 species and 86 families of fishes in nine feeding groups were encountered during the surveys. Mean trophic level of the fish community, abundance and biomass of total fishes and of predatory fishes increased in eastern and western waters after the ban, but no changes or declines in these metrics were observed in southern waters. Although initial recovery in fish community were observed in eastern and western waters, anthropogenic disturbances might hinder the recovery process, including a large-scale reclamation for construction of coastal infrastructures in the west, illegal trawling, and expansion of non-trawling fishing efforts in the southern and eastern waters. Longer term monitoring is needed to evaluate the effects of the trawl ban, and determine whether recovery in the southern waters will continue to be constrained by the anthropogenic disturbances.Graphic abstract
Thigmomorphogenic responses of epiphytic bromeliads to mechanically induced stress
Authors: Tay Jessica Y. L. , Zotz Gerhard , Einzmann Helena J. R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVascular epiphytes represent almost 10% of all terrestrial plant diversity. Despite the extensive research on the functional ecology and challenges of epiphytic growth, there is still very little known on how exposure to mechanically induced stress affects the growth and development of epiphytes. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of such mechanical stress on the growth and biomass allocation of epiphytic bromeliads. Juvenile plants of two species were subjected to two types of mechanical stress in the greenhouse—permanent displacement and temporary, recurring mechanical flexing. ANOVAs were used to test possible treatment effects on growth, root–shoot ratio, root diameter, and root area distribution ratio. Contrary to previous studies on herbaceous plants, these bromeliads showed little to no change in root and shoot properties in either species. The root–shoot ratio increased in disturbedGuzmania lingulataplants, but not inVrieseasp. Treatment effects on growth were inconsistent: a stress effect on growth was significant only in the first 2 months of the experiment inG. lingulata, whilst none of the stress treatments negatively affected growth inVrieseasp. All disturbed plants showed some degree of curvature on their stems and leaves against the area of stress to obtain an upright position. This was probably related to the maintenance of a functional tank. This study provides quantitative and qualitative data to understand thigmomorphogenic responses of bromeliads to mechanical stress. Future studies could include field surveys to quantify on-site mechanical stresses and the corresponding morphological changes in vascular epiphytes.
Multi-Model Coupling Water Demand Prediction Optimization Method for Megacities Based on Time Series Decomposition
Authors: Liu Xin , Sang Xuefeng , Chang Jiaxuan , Zheng Yang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe water supply in megacities can be affected by the living habits and population mobility, so the fluctuation degree of daily water supply data is acute, which presents a great challenge to the water demand prediction. This is because that non-stationarity of daily data can have a large influence on the generalization ability of models. In this study, the Hodrick-Prescott (HP) and wavelet transform (WT) methods were used to carry out decomposition of daily data to solve the non-stationarity problem. The bidirectional long short term memory (BLSTM), seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and Gaussian radial basis function neural network (GRBFNN) were developed to carry out prediction of different subseries. The ensemble learning was introduced to improve the generalization ability of models, and prediction interval was generated based on student's t-test to cope with the variation of water supply laws. This study method was applied to the daily water demand prediction in Shenzhen and cross-validation was performed. The results show that WT is superior to HP decomposition method, but maximum decomposition level of WT should not be set too high, otherwise the trend characteristics of subseries will be weakened. Although the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused a variation in water supply laws, this variation is still within the prediction interval. The WT and coupling models accurately predict water demand and provide the optimal mean square error (0.17%), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (97.21%), mean relative error (0.1), mean absolute error (3.32%), and correlation coefficient (0.99).
Prognostic factors for lymph node metastasis from upper gingival carcinomas
Authors: Aldosimani Mazen , Verdonschot Rinus G. , Iwamoto Yuri , Nakazawa Mitsuhiro , Mallya Sanjay M. , Kakimoto Naoya , Toyosawa Satoru , Kreiborg Sven , Murakami Shumei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives
This study sought to identify tumor characteristics that associate with regional lymph node metastases in squamous cell carcinomas originating in the upper gingiva.

Materials and methods
Data from 113 patients from Osaka University Dental Hospital were included. We measured each primary tumor’s width, length, depth, and the extent of bone invasion. Additionally, tumor signal intensity for T1 and T2-weighted images as well as the center of the tumor’s location and T classification was assessed, and a histopathological analysis was performed.

Results
Tumor signal intensity was not found to be a significant prognostic factor. However, bucco-lingual width, histopathological classification as well as the tumor’s location were significantly different between metastatic and non-metastatic groups in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Superior–inferior depth and T classification were significant only in the univariate (and not the multivariate) analysis.

Conclusions
Bucco-lingual width, histopathological grading as well as the tumor’s location are likely to be important predictors for the occurrence of LN metastasis in upper gingival carcinoma patients and should be considered when managing care for these patients.
Supercritical water oxidation of phenol and process enhancement with in situ formed Fe2O3 nano catalyst
Authors: Al-Atta Ammar , Sher Farooq , Hazafa Abu , Zafar Ayesha , Iqbal Hafiz M. N. , Karahmet Emina , Lester Edward 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDuring the past few decades, the treatment of hazardous waste and toxic phenolic compounds has become a major issue in the pharmaceutical, gas/oil, dying, and chemical industries. Considering polymerization and oxidation of phenolic compounds, supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) has gained special attention. The present study objective was to synthesize a novel in situ Fe2O3nano-catalyst in a counter-current mixing reactor by supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) method to evaluate the phenol oxidation and COD reduction at different operation conditions like oxidant ratios and concentrations. Synthesized nano-catalyst was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). TEM results revealed the maximum average particle size of 26.18 and 16.20 nm for preheated and non-preheated oxidant configuration, respectively. XRD showed the clear peaks of hematite at a 2θ value of 24, 33, 35.5, 49.5, 54, 62, and 64 for both catalysts treated preheated and non-preheated oxidant configurations. The maximum COD reduction and phenol oxidation of about 93.5% and 99.9% were observed at an oxidant ratio of 1.5, 0.75 s, 25 MPa, and 380 °C with a non-preheated H2O2 oxidant, while in situ formed Fe2O3nano-catalyst showed the maximum phenol oxidation of 99.9% at 0.75 s, 1.5 oxidant ratio, 25 MPa, and 380 °C. Similarly, in situ formed Fe2O3 catalyst presented the highest COD reduction of 97.8% at 40 mM phenol concentration, 1.0 oxidant ratio, 0.75 s residence time, 380 °C, and 25 MPa. It is concluded and recommended that SCWO is a feasible and cost-effective alternative method for the destruction of contaminants in water which showed the complete conversion of phenol within less than 1 s and 1.5 oxidant ratio.
Research Directions in the Study of Gaming-Related Escapism: a Commentary to Melodia, Canale, and Griffiths (2020)
Authors: Giardina Alessandro , Starcevic Vladan , King Daniel L. , Schimmenti Adriano , Di Blasi Maria , Billieux Joël 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEscapism motivations and related processes (e.g., avoidance, dissociation, relaxation, and emotion dysregulation) have been identified as risk factors for problematic gaming. However, the escapism construct has often been poorly conceptualized and operationalized in assessment instruments. In their systematic review, Melodia et al. (2020) proposed that conceptualizing escapism as an avoidant coping strategy could provide a sound basis for further study of problematic gaming. In this commentary, we critically examine some terminological and conceptual issues in relation to escapism to guide future research.
Detection of genome edits in plants—from editing to seed
Authors: Shillito Raymond D. , Whitt Sherry , Ross Margit , Ghavami Farhad , De Vleesschauwer David , D’Halluin Katelijn , Van Hoecke Annelies , Meulewaeter Frank 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGenome editing (also known as gene editing) employs a range of tools such as Meganucleases, Zinc Finger Nucleases, TALENs, and more recently CRISPR to make defined changes in genes, regulatory sequences, untranslated regions, or intergenic regions. It is increasingly being applied in plant science research and to improve plant varieties. The benefits of having effective detection tools begin with optimization of the genome editing process itself and continue with selection and characterization of tissue cultures and/or regenerated plants. Detection tools are also used throughout the breeding process, and for preparation of regulatory dossiers when required, as well as for seed production, and may be necessary for monitoring products in the marketplace. Detection and identification of genome edits employs a wide range of analytical approaches including PCR, digital PCR, and sequencing methods. This article examines the applicability of each category of detection or identification approach, from the optimization of genome editing processes, through creation of edits, selection and characterization, and breeding. The challenges surrounding the detection of genome edits present at low levels in large seed, plant, or grain populations and of differentiating directed genome edits from conventional mutations are also explained.
Distributed Address Table (DAT): A Decentralized Model for End-to-End Communication in IoT
Authors: Alshawki Mohammed B. , Ligeti Peter , Nagy Adam , Reich Christoph 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To achieve a fully connected network in Internet of Things (IoT) there are number of challenges that have to be overcome. Among those, a big challenge is how to keep all of the devices accessible everywhere and every time. In the IoT network, the assumption is that each IoT device can be reached by any client at any given time. In practice, this is not always possible and without a proper mechanism the nodes behind a NAT are unable to communicate with each other directly, and their addresses have to be shared through a trusted third party. This challenge becomes harder by taking into consideration that most NAT traversal approaches have been developed prior to rising of the IoT, without taking into account the constrained nature of the participating devices and mostly depend on a centralized entity. In this paper we proposed the Distributed Address Table (DAT), a decentralized, secure and lightweight address distribution model that allows any two nodes to get the addresses of the other end without relying on a trusted third party. Structured Peer-to-Peer (P2P) overlay by utilizing Distributed Hash Table (DHT) technique is generated as its underlying communication scheme to ensure that all participating devices are accessible at any given time. This is achieved through simple, yet secure and efficient decentralized model. The DAT adopts the edge/fog computing paradigms to ensure a decentralized address distribution. The results showed that the proposed model is efficient. In addition, the security properties of the proposed model have been defined and proved.
Relating Equanimity to Mindfulness
Authors: Anālayo Bhikkhu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA recent surge of interest in equanimity as an important and transformative dimension of the cultivation of mindfulness can benefit from discerning different types of equanimity recognized in the Buddhist traditions, such as between equanimity as a divine abode or immeasurable and equanimity as the absence of compulsive reactivity by way of likes and dislikes. In order to provide an early Buddhist background to a more fine-grained understanding of the construct of equanimity, the present article surveys key passages on equanimity in their relationship to mindfulness.
Risk factors for recurrent positive results of the nucleic acid amplification test for COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Yi Wanwan , Long Xuan , Liu Jin , Shi LiShuai , Chen Zichen , Yang Jing , Yang Ziyu , Lv Zhongwei , Fan Hengwei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPositive retests of COVID-19 represent a public health concern because of the increased risk of transmission. This study explored whether factors other than the nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) contribute to positive retest results. Patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Guanggu district of the Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital between February 17 and March 28, 2020, were retrospectively included. The patients were grouped into the negative (n = 133) and positive (n = 51) retest groups. The results showed that the proportion of patients presenting with cough was higher (P < 0.001) and the proportion of patients with dyspnea was lower (P = 0.018) in the positive than in the negative retest group. The positive retest group showed shorter durations between symptom onset and hospitalization (P < 0.001) and symptom onset and the first positive NAAT (P = 0.033). The positive retest group had higher basophil counts (P = 0.023) and direct bilirubin (P = 0.032) and chlorine concentrations (P = 0.023) but lower potassium concentrations (P = 0.001) than the negative retest group. Multivariable regression analysis showed that coughing (OR = 7.59, 95% CI 2.28–25.32, P = 0.001) and serum chloride concentrations (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.08–1.77, P = 0.010) were independently associated with a positive retest result. Coughing and serum chloride concentrations were independent risk factors for positive NAAT retest results. Patients with a hospital stay of < 2 weeks or a short incubation period should stay in isolation and be monitored to reduce transmission. These results could help identify patients who require closer surveillance.
COVID-19 and heterogeneous vulnerabilities in the Peruvian labor market: implications for social inequalities and for gender gaps
Authors: Durán Rosa Luz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUsing quarterly data from the 2020 Peruvian National Household Survey (ENAHO), this paper estimates the differentiated impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on a set of labor market indicators, such as labor participation, occupational categories, informality, and number of hours worked. The impacts are calculated from an individual perspective (effects on the activities of the heads of household and their spouses, distinguishing them according to sex) and also from a joint strategy perspective among the partners. The results indicate that the intersectionalities of vulnerability considered (rural/urban area, and those contained in the type of households and in the situation of single-parenting or two-parenting of household heads and their spouses) determine that women, who live in rural areas, have children and do not have a partner were the most affected by the global health crisis.
Preoperative hyponatremia predicts complications in older patients undergoing digestive tract surgery: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Li Chun-Qing , Zhang Chen , Yu Fan , Kong Hao , Deng Chun-Mei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Whether preoperative hyponatremia increases the risk of postoperative complications in older patients undergoing digestive tract surgery remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between preoperative hyponatremia and life-threatening postoperative complications (including death) among older patients undergoing digestive tract surgery.

Methods
This was a propensity score-matched, retrospective cohort study. We recruited older patients (≥ 65 years of age) who underwent digestive tract surgery in our institution. The propensity score matching (PSM; 1:2) was used to balance a range of covariates between patients with preoperative hyponatremia (serum sodium [Na+] levels < 135 mmol/L) and those with normal [Na+] levels (135–145 mmol/L). The primary outcome was the occurrence of life-threatening postoperative complications and mortality (i.e., Clavien–Dindo grade IV and V [CD IV and V] complications) during hospital stay. The relationship between preoperative hyponatremia and the development of CD IV and V complications was identified with logistic regression analysis.

Results
A total of 1076 patients were analyzed (mean age 73.9 years; 421 female [39.1%]). Preoperative hyponatremia was identified in 122 patients. After matching, 312 patients were included in the analyses (104 patients with preoperative hyponatremia and 208 patients with normal [Na+] levels; mean age, 76.3 years; 130 female [41.7%]). When compared with normal [Na+] levels, preoperative hyponatremia was associated with an increased risk of CD IV and V complications (odds ratio [OR] 2.082, 95% confidential interval [CI] 1.041–4.164, P = 0.038). Preoperative hyponatremia was also significantly associated with a higher risk of postoperative infectious complications (OR 2.158, 95% CI 1.138–4.091, P = 0.018).

Conclusion
Preoperative hyponatremia can predict an increased risk of life-threatening postoperative complications and mortality in older patients undergoing digestive tract surgery.
Microstructure, mechanical and wear resistance properties of low-pressure cold-sprayed Al-7 Mg/Al2O3 and Al-10 Mg/Al2O3 composite coatings
Authors: Akisin C. J. , Venturi F. , Bai M. , Bennett C. J. , Hussain T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAluminium alloy-based metal matrix composites have successfully provided effective wear resistance and repair solutions in the automotive and aerospace sectors; however, the design and manufacture of these alloys are still under development. In this study, the microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of low-pressure cold-sprayed Al-7 Mg/Al2O3 and Al-10 Mg/Al2O3 composite coatings were investigated. The specific wear rates of the coatings were measured when testing them against alumina (Al2O3) counterbody, and the results showed that the cold-sprayed Al-10 Mg/Al2O3 composite coating showed less wear due to its superior hardness, lower porosity and shorter mean free path compared to the Al-7 Mg/Al2O3 composite coating. The microstructural analysis of the worn surfaces of the composite coatings revealed abrasive wear as the primary wear mechanism, and more damages were observed on Al-7 Mg/Al2O3 composite coatings. Most notably, Al2O3 particles were pulled out from the coating and were entrapped between the Al2O3 counterbody and the coating contact surfaces, resulting in a three-body abrasion mode.
Decreased biofilm formation in Proteus mirabilis after short-term exposure to a simulated microgravity environment
Authors: Wang Dapeng , Bai Po , Zhang Bin , Su Xiaolei , Jiang Xuege , Fang Tingzheng , Wang Junfeng , Liu Changting 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Microbes threaten human health in space exploration. Studies have shown that Proteus mirabilis has been found in human space habitats. In addition, the biological characteristics of P. mirabilis in space have been studied unconditionally. The simulated microgravity environment provides a platform for understanding the changes in the biological characteristics of P. mirabilis.

Objective
This study intends to explore the effect of simulated microgravity on P. mirabilis, the formation of P. mirabilis biofilm, and its related mechanism.

Methods
The strange deformable rods were cultured continuously for 14 days under microgravity simulated in high-aspect rotating vessels (HARVs). The morphology, growth rate, metabolism, and biofilm formation of the strain were measured, and the phenotypic changes of P. mirabilis were evaluated. Transcriptome sequencing was used to detect differentially expressed genes under simulated microgravity and compared with phenotype.

Results
The growth rate, metabolic ability, and biofilm forming ability of P. mirabilis were lower than those of normal gravity culture under the condition of simulated microgravity. Further analysis showed that the decrease of growth rate, metabolic ability, and biofilm forming ability may be caused by the downregulation of related genes (pstS, sodB, and fumC).

Conclusion
The simulated microgravity condition enables us to explore the potential relationship between bacterial phenotype and molecular biology, thus opening up a suitable and constructive method for medical fields that have not been explored before. It provides a certain strategy for the treatment of P. mirabilis infectious diseases in space environment by exploring the microgravity of P. mirabilis.
Examining Whether Social Anxiety Influences Satisfaction in Romantic Relationships
Authors: Doyle Frances L. , Baillie Andrew J. , Crome Erica 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch investigating social anxiety and the impacts on romantic relationships remains scarce. An online questionnaire examining romantic relationship status, social anxiety and depression symptomology, relationship satisfaction, and several relationship processes was completed by 444 adults. Individuals with higher social anxiety were less likely to be in romantic relationships. For the 188 adults in our sample in current relationships, relationship satisfaction was not influenced by social anxiety when controlling for depression. Although it was proposed that self-disclosure, social support, trust, and conflict initiation might influence romantic relationship satisfaction, none of these mechanisms interacted with social anxiety to explain additional variance in relationship satisfaction. These findings indicate that depression symptomology may be a treatment target for socially anxious individuals wishing to improve romantic relationship satisfaction.