bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide identification and characterization of long non-coding RNAs involved in flag leaf senescence of rice
Authors: Huang Xiaoping , Zhang Hongyu , Wang Qiang , Guo Rong , Wei Lingxia , Song Haiyan , Kuang Weigang , Liao Jianglin , Huang Yingjin , Wang Zhaohai 
Published: February 2021

AbstractKey messageThis study showed the systematic identification of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involving in flag leaf senescence of rice, providing the possible lncRNA-mRNA regulatory relationships and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA networks during leaf senescence.AbstractLncRNAs have been reported to play crucial roles in diverse biological processes. However, no systematic identification of lncRNAs associated with leaf senescence in plants has been studied. In this study, a genome-wide high throughput sequencing analysis was performed using rice flag leaves developing from normal to senescence. A total of 3953 lncRNAs and 38757 mRNAs were identified, of which 343 lncRNAs and 9412 mRNAs were differentially expressed. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), 22 continuously down-expressed lncRNAs targeting 812 co-expressed mRNAs and 48 continuously up-expressed lncRNAs targeting 1209 co-expressed mRNAs were considered to be significantly associated with flag leaf senescence. Gene Ontology results suggested that the senescence-associated lncRNAs targeted mRNAs involving in many biological processes, including transcription, hormone response, oxidation–reduction process and substance metabolism. Additionally, 43 senescence-associated lncRNAs were predicted to target 111 co-expressed transcription factors. Interestingly, 8 down-expressed lncRNAs and 29 up-expressed lncRNAs were found to separately target 12 and 20 well-studied senescence-associated genes (SAGs). Furthermore, analysis on the competing endogenous RNA (CeRNA) network revealed that 6 down-expressed lncRNAs possibly regulated 51 co-expressed mRNAs through 15 miRNAs, and 14 up-expressed lncRNAs possibly regulated 117 co-expressed mRNAs through 21 miRNAs. Importantly, by expression validation, a conserved miR164-NAC regulatory pathway was found to be possibly involved in leaf senescence, where lncRNA MSTRG.62092.1 may serve as a ceRNA binding with miR164a and miR164e to regulate three transcription factors. And two key lncRNAs MSTRG.31014.21 and MSTRG.31014.36 also could regulate the abscisic-acid biosynthetic gene BGIOSGA025169 (OsNCED4) and BGIOSGA016313 (NAC family) through osa-miR5809. The possible regulation networks of lncRNAs involving in leaf senescence were discussed, and several candidate lncRNAs were recommended for prior transgenic analysis. These findings will extend the understanding on the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in leaf senescence, and lay a foundation for functional research on candidate lncRNAs.
Drought alters plant‐soil feedback effects on biomass allocation but not on plant performance
Authors: Wilschut Rutger A. , van Kleunen Mark 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsDrought events can alter the composition of plant and soil communities, and are becoming increasingly common and severe due to climate change. However, how droughts affect plant-soil feedbacks is still poorly understood. Plants accumulate species-specific rhizosphere communities, and droughts may have varying impacts across plant species and soil biota. We therefore tested the hypothesis that drought alters plant-soil feedbacks differently among closely related plant species that differ in their preferences for soil moisture.MethodsIn a two-phase greenhouse experiment, we first conditioned grassland soil with sevenGeraniumspecies and, as controls, we conditioned soil with a grass species or left soil unplanted. In the second phase, we grew theGeraniumspecies in conspecific, grass-conditioned and unplanted soil, maintained soil moisture at 5 %, 10 % or 20 % (w/w), and determined biomass responses after 35 days.ResultsIndependent of conditioning, plants showed a weaker performance with decreasing soil moisture. Under the driest conditions, soil conditioning by conspecifics most negatively affected relative root weight in comparison to plants growing in unplanted control soil, while the effects of conspecific conditioning on relative root weights were species-specific when compared to plants grown in grass-conditioned control soil.ConclusionsWe conclude that decreased soil moisture modified plant-soil feedback effects on biomass allocation, and that these modifications acted in species-specific ways. However, drought effects on plant-soil feedbacks were subtle, and did not affect overall plant performance. Therefore, plant-soil feedback effects on plant performance during a drought event may be limited in comparison with the direct effects of drought.
Reasonableness of Limits, Reasonableness as Limit (in Legal Interpretation)
Authors: Manzin Maurizio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis short essay aims at discussing the opposition between two different views on limits in legal interpretations: I will call them (i) “no-limits option” and (ii) “pro-limits option”. As for (i), it is based on a widely diffused understanding of individual freedom: that of an unceasing breaking of all limits. This idea involves nowadays not only a number of once accepted moral limits, nor the material or social limits suffered by people, but also the limits of conceptual determinations. As for (ii), it is based on the conjecture that limit would be the condition of “no longer, not yet”—as such, a matter of authentic freedom. The “no-limits option” can easily lead, in legal interpretation, to a radical contextualism according to which there would be unlimited meanings for a syntactically and semantically same legal text. The “pro-limits option”, on the contrary, maintains that the existence of limits is reasonable, and that reasonableness is itself a limit to interpretation. In other words, the undetermined space of “no longer, not yet” in which the limits consist of is open to exploration on and beyond through appropriate procedures of reason-giving. According to the “pro-limits option”, a reasonably common core-meaning of a legal text should be sought also when cases of application vary—and that would be precisely the nature of legal interpretation. Arguments in favor of this thesis can be found in Western philosophy from Aristotle to contemporary neurosciences (according to which reasonableness is natural). A remarkable consequence of my discussion on these two options deals with the concept of normativity, given that option (i) conceives normativity only as an expression of will (the one to establish and to infringe limits), whereas option (ii) links normativity to reasonableness.
BepiColombo Science Investigations During Cruise and Flybys at the Earth, Venus and Mercury
Authors: Mangano Valeria , Dósa Melinda , Fränz Markus , Milillo Anna , Oliveira Joana S. , Lee Yeon Joo , McKenna-Lawlor Susan , Grassi Davide , Heyner Daniel , Kozyrev Alexander S. , Peron Roberto , Helbert Jörn , Besse Sebastien , de la Fuente Sara , Montagnon Elsa , Zender Joe , Volwerk Martin , Chaufray Jean-Yves , Slavin James A. , Krüger Harald , Maturilli Alessandro , Cornet Thomas , Iwai Kazumasa , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Lucente Marco , Massetti Stefano , Schmidt Carl A. , Dong Chuanfei , Quarati Francesco , Hirai Takayuki , Varsani Ali , Belyaev Denis , Zhong Jun , Kilpua Emilia K. J. , Jackson Bernard V. , Odstrcil Dusan , Plaschke Ferdinand , Vainio Rami , Jarvinen Riku , Ivanovski Stavro Lambrov , Madár Ákos , Erdős Géza , Plainaki Christina , Alberti Tommaso , Aizawa Sae , Benkhoff Johannes , Murakami Go , Quemerais Eric , Hiesinger Harald , Mitrofanov Igor G. , Iess Luciano , Santoli Francesco , Orsini Stefano , Lichtenegger Herbert , Laky Gunther , Barabash Stas , Moissl Richard , Huovelin Juhani , Kasaba Yasumasa , Saito Yoshifumi , Kobayashi Masanori , Baumjohann Wolfgang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe dual spacecraft mission BepiColombo is the first joint mission between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) to explore the planet Mercury. BepiColombo was launched from Kourou (French Guiana) on October 20th, 2018, in its packed configuration including two spacecraft, a transfer module, and a sunshield. BepiColombo cruise trajectory is a long journey into the inner heliosphere, and it includes one flyby of the Earth (in April 2020), two of Venus (in October 2020 and August 2021), and six of Mercury (starting from 2021), before orbit insertion in December 2025. A big part of the mission instruments will be fully operational during the mission cruise phase, allowing unprecedented investigation of the different environments that will encounter during the 7-years long cruise. The present paper reviews all the planetary flybys and some interesting cruise configurations. Additional scientific research that will emerge in the coming years is also discussed, including the instruments that can contribute.
Beyond level of self-esteem: exploring the interplay of level, stability, and contingency of self-esteem, mediating factors, and academic achievement
Authors: Kärchner Henrike , Schöne Claudia , Schwinger Malte 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSelf-esteem plays a decisive role for students in achievement situations. However, it is still unclear how different self-esteem facets and their interactions influence academic achievement and which psychological mechanisms mediate these relationships. In Study 1, we investigated self-handicapping and effort-management as mediators of the effects of self-esteem facets on academic Study 2 achievement in a sample ofN = 600 university students, while in we examined test anxiety as mediating variable in a sample ofN = 1052 school students. Path analyses revealed various relations between self-esteem facets, learning strategies, test anxiety, and academic achievement. Moreover, effort-management and test anxiety were identified as meaningful mediators of the effects of self-esteem facets. Implications for further research and for educational practice are discussed.
Entwicklung eines komplexen Führungsverständnisses mit Hilfe von psychodramatischer Organisationsaufstellung
Authors: Schweiger Sylvia 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie zeigt auf, dass es nicht einfach ist, eine (gute) Führungskraft zu sein. Allerdings hilft es, sich ein komplexes Verständnis von Führung anzueignen. Ein komplexes Verständnis von Führung zu haben impliziert, dass Individuen über die Fähigkeit verfügen, dialektisch zu denken. Die aktuelle Forschung liefert allerdings wenig konkrete Ansätze, wie ein derartiges Denken gefördert werden kann. Mit Hilfe eines Fallbeispiels, in dem die Methode der psychodramatischen Organisationsaufstellung angewandt wurde, leistet dieser Artikel drei konkrete Beiträge. Erstens zeigt er auf, dass die Methode der psychodramatischen Organisationsaufstellung wesentlich dazu beitragen kann, ein komplexes Führungsverständnis zu entwickeln. Zweitens veranschaulicht dieser Artikel, dass durch die Anwendung der psychodramatischen Organisationsaufstellung neue Forschungserkenntnisse generiert werden können. Drittens erörtert der Beitrag, warum die psychodramatische Organisationsaufstellung als eine äußerst vielversprechende Methode zur Datengenerierung und Datenanalyse im Bereich der empirischen Sozialforschung angesehen werden kann.
Association of daily step count and serum testosterone among men in the United States
Authors: Del Giudice Francesco , Glover Frank , Belladelli Federico , De Berardinis Ettore , Sciarra Alessandro , Salciccia Stefano , Kasman Alex M. , Chen Tony , Eisenberg Michael L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To describe the association between daily activity (i.e., daily step counts and accelerometer intensity measures) and serum TT levels in a representative sample of US adults aged 18 years or older.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was carried out utilizing the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 2003–2004 cycle. Physical activity was measured with a waist-worn uniaxial accelerometer (AM-7164; ActiGraph) for up to 7 days using a standardized protocol. Using linear and multivariable logistic regression controlling for relevant social, demographic, lifestyle, and comorbidity characteristics, we assessed the association between daily step counts and TT.

Results
A total of 279 subjects with a median age 46 (IQR: 33–56) were included in the analysis. 23.3% of the cohort had a low serum TT level (TT < 350 ng/dl). Compared to men who took <4000 steps per day, men who took >4000 or >8000 steps/day had a lower odd of being hypogonadal (OR 0.14, 95% CI: 0.07–0.49 and 0.08, 95%CI: 0.02–0.44, respectively). While a threshold effect was noted on average, TT increased 7 ng/dL for each additional 1000 steps taken daily (β-estimate: 0.007, 95% CI: 0.002–0.013).

Conclusions
Patients with the lowest daily step counts had higher odds of being hypogonadal. The current work supports a possible association between daily steps, total testosterone, and hypogonadism for men in the US.
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the breast: a population-based study
Authors: Xu Cheng , Gu Zhangyuan , Liu Juan , Lin Xiaoyan , Wang Cheng , Li Jiejing , Fu Yun , Cheng Xiaolin , Zhuang Zhigang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo summarize the clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis, and management of breast adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC).MethodsA population-based study was performed using retrospectively extracted data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for breast cancer patients with histological diagnoses of ASC, infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from 2004 to 2016.ResultsASC presented similar tumor size but low histological grade and less lymph node metastasis compared to IDC. ASC expressed less positive rate of hormone receptors and barely HER2, which was similar with SCC. ASC patients underwent the similar surgical and systematic treatment as IDC, only with less radiotherapy. Median follow-up data of 78 months showed that the prognosis of IDC patients was better than that of ASC patients (allp < 0.05 for BCSM and OS). ASC was not an independent prognosis factor of breast cancer. After propensity score matching (PSM), no significant difference in BCSM nor OS was observed between ASC and IDC groups. In HR-negative patients, the prognosis of ASC was similar with that of IDC, and both were superior to SCC. In HR-positive patients, the 5-year survival rate of ASC was 63.5%, which was far less than that in ASC of HR-negative (81.0%). Multivariate analysis showed that older age (age > 60) and advanced AJCC-stage were independent factors of poor prognosis in ASC, breast-conserving surgery was also ideally suited for ASC.ConclusionsASC has unique clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. It is imperative to focus on a more precise and personalized treatment management of ASC patients.
Designing a Novel Robot Activist Model for Interactive Child Rights Education
Authors: Chew Esyin , Khan Umer Sikander , Lee Pei Hsi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe paper presents an original research titled, ‘SUHAKAM Going Digital with Monash’, a two years Human Right Education initiatives in Malaysia. SUHAKAM is the National Human Rights Institution established by the Malaysia Parliament and is actively finding innovative approach for Human Rights public awareness, especially child rights education in Malaysia. Monash University Malaysia is a prominent University in Malaysia that have the latest educational technologies with effective pedagogy. The synergy between SUHAKAM and Monash for child rights education innovation aimed to bring the ground breaking Robot Activist across schools in Malaysia. The research seeks to understand the educational barriers that SUHAKAM are currently facing in meeting their obligations, to assist SUHAKAM in promoting child rights agenda across Malaysia in an innovative approach. A Robot Activist is thoughtfully designed, developed and deployed to introduce what SUHAKAM is, the Child Rights Conventions (in both Malay and English) with smart Q&A; followed by an interactive game session, “Simon Says” with pupils. This paper discusses the Robot Activist design research, operation and fun interactions. The finding shows that the educational robot acts as a catalyst to formalise the international human rights education in Malaysia, with the inter-disciplinary synergies of educational sessions using humanities aspects of advanced robotics for next generation engagement. The key constraints, reflections and recommendations are critically discussed on how an educational robot, the Robot Activist can engage children with the heavy-weighted topic such as child rights conventions. Recommendations to the next phase of the model design is proposed.
Tribological properties of multilayer tetrahedral amorphous carbon coatings deposited by filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition
Authors: Jang Young-Jun , Kim Jae-Il , Lee WooYoung , Kim Jongkuk 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) has emerged as an excellent coating material for improving the reliability of application components under high normal loads. Herein, we present the results of our investigations regarding the mechanical and tribological properties of a 2-µm-thick multilayer ta-C coating on high-speed steel substrates. Multilayers composed of alternating soft and hard layers are fabricated using filtered a cathodic vacuum arc with alternating substrate bias voltages (0 and 100 V or 0 and 150 V). The thickness ratio is discovered to be 1:3 for the sp2-rich and sp3-rich layers. The results show that the hardness and elastic modulus of the multilayer ta-C coatings increase with the sp3 content of the hard layer. The hardness reached approximately 37 GPa, whereas an improved toughness and a higher adhesion strength (> 29 N) are obtained. The friction performance (µ = 0.07) of the multilayer coating is similar to that of the single layer ta-C thick coating, but the wear rate (0.13 × 10−6 mm3/(N·m)) improved under a high load of 30 N. We further demonstrate the importance of the multilayer structure in suppressing crack propagation and increasing the resistance to plastic deformation (H3/E2) ratio.
Black Nurses Collaborative Approach to Addressing COVID-19 in Black Communities
Authors: Dawson Martha A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAs with other national disasters, epidemics, and pandemics, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted health disparities in Black communities in the USA. Healthcare providers, community activists, politicians, members of faith-based organizations, professional athletes, and Black families are asking crucial questions about why Black and Brown people are disproportionately infected by, and dying from, the COVID-19. Evidence in healthcare and social sciences literature demonstrates that historically, systemic racism and injustices play a large role in the health and well-being of Blacks living in the USA. For decades, the National Black Nurses Association has been on the forefront, engaging our people using a collaborative community-based practice model. The healthcare goal in the USA should center on health protection, promotion, and prevention, moving toward a wellness model and away from treatment of illnesses that contribute to healthcare waste. Finally, awareness of social determinants of health has taken center stage, demonstrating how laws, policies, and practice affect health outcomes and the well-being of Black and Brown communities. In order to address social determinants of health and healthcare inequity, the National Black Nurses Association has called for an increase in the number of Black registered nurses and licensed vocational and practical nurses. The healthcare goal in the USA should center on health protection, promotion, and preventions moving toward a wellness model and away from treatment of illnesses that contributes to healthcare waste.
Orwell lässt grüßen! – Korpuslinguistische Untersuchungen zur Aktualität Orwells in Plenardebatten des Bundestags
Authors: Albers Marius 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDer NameGeorge Orwellfungiert insbesondere als Synonym für die fiktionale dystopische Vision in seinem Roman1984und kann in dieser Hinsicht als Kollektivsymbol aufgefasst werden. Ausgehend davon wird der Name auch in Plenardebatten des Bundestags (und damit im politischen Diskurs) strategisch verwendet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Orwell-Referenzen in den letzten Jahren eine deutlich steigende Tendenz aufweisen. Insbesondere lassen sich solche in Debatten um Datenschutz und Überwachung, aber auch um den Sprachgebrauch finden, in Verbindung mit Warnungs‑, Vorwurfs- und Zurückweisungshandlungen.
A stepwise approach to open surgery for the frontal sinus
Authors: Kelly A , Alhelali N , McGarry G W 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite advances in endoscopic techniques, there are still instances when the frontal sinus must be approached externally. Given its variable anatomy, the frontal sinus continues to present a challenge to the surgeon. Our rule of thumb capitalises on the consistent embryological development of the frontal sinus, aiding safe external access.Methods and resultsThe presented stepwise approach includes trephination, fenestration, an osteoplastic flap and obliteration. The obliteration procedure has produced good results in managing those patients with disabling symptoms despite multiple endoscopic procedures.
A systematic review of the primary squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal: survival outcome based on T-staging and proposal of a new classification
Authors: George M , Borsotti F , Gereige R , Kolethekkat A A , Das A , Messerer M , Mahasampath G , Simon C 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to provide a systematic review on survival outcome based on Pittsburgh T-staging for patients with primary external auditory canal squamous cell carcinoma.MethodThis study was a systematic review in compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines performed until January 2018; pertinent studies were screened. Quality of evidence was assessed using the grading of recommendation, assessment, development and evaluation working group system.ResultsEight articles were chosen that reported on 437 patients with external auditory carcinoma. The 5-year overall survival rate was 53.0 per cent. The pooled proportion of survivors at 5 years for T1tumours was 88.4 per cent and for T2tumours was 88.6 per cent. For the combined population of T1and T2cancer patients, it was 84.5 per cent. For T3and T4tumours, it was 53.3 per cent and 26.8 per cent, respectively, whereas for T3and T4tumours combined, it was 40.4 per cent. Individual analysis of 61 patients with presence of cervical nodes showed a poor survival rate.ConclusionFrom this review, there was not any significant difference found in the survival outcome between T1and T2tumours. A practical classification incorporating nodal status that accurately stratifies patients was proposed.