bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palaeogenomics reveal a hybrid origin of the world’s largest Camelus species
Authors: Yuan Junxia , Westbury Michael V. , Chen Shungang , Hu Jiaming , Zhang Fengli , Wang Siren , Zhang Zhen , Wang Linying , Xiao Bo , Hou Xindong , Li Fuqiang , Lai Xulong , Liu Wenhui , Sheng Guilian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe extinct Camelus knoblochi is known as the largest camel in genus Camelus, but its relationship to modern Camelus species remains unclear. In this study, we reported the first mitochondrial and nuclear analyses of seven Late Pleistocene C. knoblochi samples from Northeastern China. We found that they are inseparable to wild Bactrian camel on the matrilineal side, but belong to a distinct cluster on the biparental nuclear side. Further admixture proportion analyses suggested hybrid ancestry between both the ancestors of the modern wild and domesticated Bactrian camels, with ~65% contribution from the former and ~35% from the later. By calculating the coalescence time for three Camelus species above, we estimated the hybridization event occurred between approximately 0.8 and 0.33 Ma. We also used Bayesian skyline to reconstruct the maternal demographic trajectories for different Camelus to better compare their evolutionary histories. Our results provide molecular insights into C. knoblochi and fill in a vital piece in understanding the genus Camelus.
BBX proteins promote HY5-mediated UVR8 signaling in Arabidopsis
Authors: Podolec Roman , Wagnon Timothée B. , Leonardelli Manuela , Johansson Henrik , Ulm Roman 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTPlants undergo photomorphogenic development in the presence of light. Photomorphogenesis is repressed by the E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1), which binds substrates through their valine-proline (VP) motifs. The UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8) photoreceptor senses UV-B and inhibits COP1 through cooperative binding of its own VP motif mimicry and its photosensing core to COP1, thereby preventing COP1 binding to substrates, including the bZIP transcriptional regulator ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5). As a key promoter of visible light and UV-B photomorphogenesis, HY5 functions together with the B-box family transcription factors BBX20–22 that were recently described as HY5 rate-limiting coactivators under red light. Here we describe a hypermorphicbbx21-3Dmutant with enhanced photomorphogenesis, which carries a proline-314 to leucine mutation in the VP motif that impairs interaction with and regulation through COP1. We show that BBX21 and BBX22 are UVR8-dependently stabilized after UV-B exposure, which is counteracted by a repressor induced by HY5/BBX activity.bbx20 bbx21 bbx22mutants under UV-B are impaired in hypocotyl growth inhibition, photoprotective pigment accumulation, and expression of several HY5-dependent genes. We conclude that BBX20–22 importantly contribute to HY5 activity in a subset of UV-B responses, but that additional, presently unknown coactivators for HY5 are functional in early UVR8 signaling.
The influence of Ni on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of high-strength low alloy steel in the Cl-containing environment
Authors: Wang Dan , Zhong Qingdong , Yang Jian , Zhang Shujian 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to search the optimum content of Ni on the microstructure, phase and electrochemical behavior of high-strength low alloy (HSLA) steel in the 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.

Design/methodology/approach
The microstructure and corrosion resistance of Ni-containing HSLA steel in the simulated marine environment was studied by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical techniques.

Findings
The sample containing 3.55 wt.% of nickel exhibited a finer grain size of 10 μm and a lower icorr of 2.169 µA cm−2. The XRD patterns showed that the Fe-Cr-Ni solid solution, FeC and Cr3C2 were observed in samples when Ni was added. Besides, the 3.55 wt.% of nickel addition enhanced the charge transfer resistance of the low alloy steel which suggested the sample possessed excellent inhibition of electrochemical reaction and corrosion resistance. The XPS spectrum suggested that nickel was beneficial to improve the corrosion resistance of steel by forming protective oxides, and the ratio of Fe2+/Fe3+ in protective oxides was increased.

Practical implications
Finding the comprehensive performance of HSLA steel which can be applied to unmanned surface vehicles in marine operations.

Originality/value
This study has a guiding significance for optimizing the composition of HSLA steel in a Cl- containing environment.
Research on the evolutionary game of knowledge pricing in an open innovation environment: from the perspective of social dual innovation balance
Authors: An Xuejiao , Qi Lin , Zhang Jian , Jiang Xinran 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to find out the factors that influence the choice of dual innovation strategies in the process of knowledge pricing and transaction between first-mover and late-mover companies in an open innovation environment and also to find the key factors that affect the company's strategic choice in factors such as heterogeneous market environment, demand elasticity, exploration risk intellectual property prices and transaction cost.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses the Cournot equilibrium and Stackelberg two-stage master-slave game model to describe the evolutionary process of knowledge pricing in an open innovation environment of first-mover and late-mover companies.FindingsResearch shows that in an open innovation environment, the formation of a dual innovation strategy in the pricing process of corporate intellectual property transactions is a complex process. Changes in one-time transaction costs and changes in the inverse demand coefficient of the innovation market play the decisive role in the choice of dual innovation strategies. When the demand of the innovation market is moderate, the inverse demand coefficient of the innovation market and the one-time transaction cost has an invertedU-shaped influence relationship. As the innovation market's inverse demand coefficient and the one-time transaction cost increase at the same time, the degree of differentiation of the enterprise's dual innovation strategy choice gradually reduces; when the one-time transaction cost is the largest, the degree of strategy differentiation is minimized.Originality/valueBased on the above relationship, suggestions are made to guide enterprises in the knowledge pricing and transaction process in an open innovation environment, promote enterprises to form a dislocation development and complementary advantages in the knowledge innovation ecological chain and improve the overall innovation efficiency of the industry.
Fostering individual-level absorptive capacity and adaptive performance through leadership context
Authors: Pratoom Karun 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effects of trait goal orientations (mastery, performance-prove and performance-avoid goals) on individual-level absorptive capacity (AC), ultimately adaptive performance. This study also explores the cross-level moderating effects of transformational leadership climate on these mediated relationships.Design/methodology/approachData from 480 participants in 76 teams from accounting firms in Northeast Thailand were analyzed using the multilevel method.FindingsFindings showed support for positive indirect effects from approach-related goal orientations (mastery and performance-prove) to adaptive performance via AC and a negative indirect effect from avoid goal orientation to adaptive performance via AC. Results showed that a transformational leadership climate strengthens the relationship between goal orientations and AC, but only when team members have a high level of approach-related goals.Originality/valueThis study extends previous work by providing an understanding of how a transformational leadership context and the differences in goal orientations interact to promote or impede an individual's AC. It also extends our understanding of the mechanism of how AC mediated the effects of trait goal orientations and transformational leadership climate on adaptive performance.
From law to regulation: re-appraising the misuse of Drugs Act 1971
Authors: Seddon Toby 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to re-appraise the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 in order to develop alternative and new ideas for drug law reform.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach is to analyse the Act from historical and socio-legal perspectives, drawing on the inter-disciplinary field of regulation studies.

Findings
The Act has its roots in radical counter-cultural reform activism in the 1960s. Its innovative legal structure has enabled a diverse range of policy approaches to be possible over the last 50 years. Future drug law reform efforts need to broaden out from a narrow focus on law and also to engage more seriously with the politics of drug law and policy.

Originality/value
Drawing on the inter-disciplinary field of regulation studies leads to novel insights about the politics and practice of drug law reform.
Hiring schedule optimization at the Surrey fire department
Authors: He Bolong , Mitrovic-Minic Snezana , Garis Len , Robinson Pierre , Stephen Tamon 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The Surrey (British Columbia, Canada) fire department has an annual cycle for hiring full-time firefighters. This paper optimizes the timing of the annual hiring period. A key issue is handling workplace absences, which can be covered by overtime cost or full-time hires.

Design/methodology/approach
Short-term and long-term absences patterns are analyzed according to season and age cohorts of the firefighters. These are then used in both an explanatory and time series model to predict future absences. The hiring schedule is optimized based on these predictions and additional constraints.

Findings
The current practice fares well in the analysis. For the time period studied, moving to earlier hiring dates appears beneficial. This analysis is robust with respect to various assumptions.

Originality/value
This is a case study where analytic techniques and machine learning are applied to an organizational practice that is not commonly analyzed. In this case, the previous method was not much worse than the optimized solution. The techniques used are quite general and can be applied to various organizational decision problems.
Synthesis and tribological study of core-shell Ag@polyaniline as lubricant additive in lithium-based complex grease
Authors: Xia Yanqiu , Chen Chuan , Feng Xin , Cao Zhengfeng 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to synthesize a kind of core-shell Ag@polyaniline (Ag@PAN) as a lubricant additive to improve the friction reduction and anti-wear abilities of lithium-based complex grease.

Design/methodology/approach
The core-shell Ag@PAN was prepared by a simple method and was introduced into the lithium-based complex grease. The typical properties of Ag@PAN were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer and thermal gravimetric analyzer. The tribological properties were evaluated under different conditions. After the tribological test, the worn surface was analyzed by SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to probe the lubrication mechanisms.

Findings
The prepared Ag@PAN could greatly improve the friction reduction and wear resistance of the friction pair under different conditions. The preferable tribological performances were mainly attributed to the synergism of various lubrication mechanisms including “mending effect,” “rolling effect” and lubricating protective film, and so on.

Originality/value
This study synthesizes a new kind of core-shell Ag@PAN as a lubricant additive, and it possesses preferable friction reduction and anti-wear abilities.
Gender diversity, board of director’s size and Islamic banks performance
Authors: Elgadi Entissar , Ghardallou Wafa 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to empirically assess the impact of gender diversity and board of directors’ size on Islamic banks’ performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Hand-collected data set including 27 banks from 2005 to 2013 is used to investigate the effect of the above mechanisms on banks’ performance as measured by return on equities and return on assets. The study uses pooling regression, which requires estimating a single equation on different cross-sectional data. Specifically, ordinary least squares is used to estimate the model.

Findings
Obtained results suggest that the presence of women on the board of directors does not have a significant influence on banks’ performance. However, gender diversity in the management department is found to have a negative and significant impact. Besides, the findings prove that the board of directors’ size adversely affects banks’ performance.

Research limitations/implications
Findings of this study will enhance a better understanding of the interrelationships between performance measures and determinants, which can improve estimations of key inputs in the decision-making process. Such deeper understanding should provide policy and decision makers with an important part of the framework needed to provide quality outcomes. In addition, the results of this study provide some beneficial insights on performance determinants to the policymakers, industry leaders and bank managers. Accordingly, those parties could enhance the profitability of Sudanese Islamic banks by improving capitalisation and assets utilisation and by improving banks operation efficiency, leverage and by reducing the size of the board of directors. Industry leaders and bank managers could also benefit from the findings on bank age, which suggest that they can learn from the experience of newly established banks, as the latter are shown to be able to use their resources to generate more profits.

Practical implications
Results suggest that in the future, Islamic banks should focus on how to weaken the negative performance effect of female executives’ participation. Besides, banks should work to decrease labour market discrimination and increase long-term career commitment amongst women.

Originality/value
After reviewing the literature, the research objective was not accounted for by the existing empirical works. Indeed, the role of gender diversity and board of directors’ size on a bank’s performance was not examined in the case of Sudanese Islamic banks.
Experimental evidence of rapid heritable adaptation in the absence of initial standing genetic variation
Authors: Lemmen Kimberley D. , Verhoeven Koen J. F. , Declerck Steven A. J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

The success of genetically depauperate populations in the face of environmental change is contrary to the expectation that high genetic diversity is required for rapid adaptation. Alternative pathways such as environmentally induced genetic modifications and non‐genetic heritable phenotypes have been proposed mechanisms for heritable adaptation within an ecologically relevant time frame. However, experimental evidence is currently lacking to establish if, and to what extent, these sources of phenotypic variation can produce a response.

To test if adaptation can rapidly occur in the absence of initial standing genetic variation and recombination in small populations, we (a) exposed replicate monoclonal populations of the microzooplankton Brachionus calyciflorus to a culturing regime that selected for phenotypic variants with elevated population growth with either high or low phosphorus food for a period of 55 days and (b) examined population level response in two fully factorial common garden experiments at day 15 and 35 of the exposure experiment.

Within six generations, we observed heritable local adaptation to nutrient limitation. More specifically, populations with a history of exposure to low P food exhibited higher population growth rates under low P food conditions than populations with a high P exposure history. However, the capacity for such a response was found to vary among clones.

Our study finds that although standing genetic variation is considered essential for rapid heritable adaptation, the rapid emergence of de novo genetic variation or alternative sources of phenotypic variation could aid in the establishment and persistence of low‐diversity populations.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Homicides committed by delusional patients in the early 20th and 21st centuries: A study conducted in a French secure unit
Authors: Provoost Eloïse , Raymond Sophie , Gasman Ivan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHomicides committed by delusional patients are the object of a rich scientific literature, which puts the risk of such acts occurring into perspective when analyzing the offenders’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. However, few articles detail the themes and mechanisms underlying those patients’ delusions. To help bridge that gap, the authors conducted this retrospective descriptive study, including two samples of delusional homicidal patients, one from near present day and one from nearly a century ago. This study considered similarities observed in the literature (such as patients’ sociodemographic profile, clinical data, and acting‐out dynamics), but also explored the characteristics of delusion. In the 2015–2019 sample, the typical patient profile was: single male (31.5 years old on average), without child, unemployed, and with psychiatric history (56.6%). Most patients suffered from schizophrenic disease (83%) with non‐systematized delusions exhibiting multiple themes in 80% of cases. Four principal types of delusion were observed: persecutive (100%), mystical (43.3%), megalomaniac (30%), and bodily (30%). The mechanisms were interpretative, hallucinatory, and intuitive. There was a societal influence in 23.3% of the cases (most often terrorist acts). The 1910–1914 historical sample revealed several differences: patients were older, more often married and employed. There were more diagnoses of chronic delusional disorder (30%). Persecutory delusion was constant (100%), and the other delusional themes were the “intimate relationship” type (50%)—jealousy, erotomanic—and the bodily type (40%). Additional studies are useful in order to reinforce our findings, and to further investigate the possibilities of prevention.
Brigatinib treated ALK positive lung squamous cell carcinoma after failed chemotherapy: A case report
Authors: Li Shuluan , Zhang Pei , Wang Tianyu , Wang Jie , Duan Jianchun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe definitive efficacy of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors in ALK positive lung squamous cell carcinoma (sqCC) patients remain unclear. Here, we report a case in which brigatinib had a therapeutic effect on ALK‐positive lung squamous cell carcinoma. The patient in this report was diagnosed with ALK‐positive lung squamous cell carcinoma with brain metastases, and received brigatinib after failure of first‐line chemotherapy. Response duration was approximately 11 months, with tolerable side effects. In conclusion, a good clinical effect was achieved in a patient with ALK positive lung squamous cell carcinoma who received treatment with an ALK inhibitor.
Amitriptyline blocks innate immune responses mediated by toll‐like receptor 4 and IL‐1 receptor: Preclinical and clinical evidence in osteoarthritis and gout
Authors: Franco‐Trepat Eloi , Alonso‐Pérez Ana , Guillán‐Fresco María , Jorge‐Mora Alberto , Crespo‐Golmar Antia , López‐Fagúndez Miriam , Pazos‐Pérez Andrés , Gualillo Oreste , Belén Bravo Susana , Gómez Bahamonde Rodolfo 
Published: October 2021

Background and PurposeOsteoarthritis, a major cause of disability in developed countries does not have effective treatment. Activation of TLR4 and innate immune response factors contribute to osteoarthritis progressive cartilage degradation. There are no clinically available TLR4 inhibitors. Interestingly, the antidepressant amitriptyline could block this receptor. Thus, we evaluated amitriptyline anti‐TLR4 effects on human osteoarthritis chondrocytes in order to repurpose it as an inhibitor of innate immune response in joint inflammatory pathologies.Experimental ApproachUsing in silico docking analysis, RT‐PCR, siRNA, elisa, proteomics and clinical data mining of drug consumption, we explored the clinical relevance of amitriptyline blockade of TLR4‐mediated innate immune responses in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes.Key ResultsAmitriptyline bound TLR4 but not IL‐1 receptor. Interestingly, amitriptyline binding to TLR4 inhibited TLR4‐ and IL‐1 receptor‐mediated innate immune responses in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes, synoviocytes and osteoblasts cells. Amitriptyline reduced basal innate immune responses and promoted anabolic effects in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Supporting its anti‐innate immune response effects, amitriptyline down‐regulated basal and induced expression of NLRP3, an inflammasome member from IL‐1 receptor signalling linked to osteoarthritis and gout pathologies. Accordingly, mining of dissociated and aggregated drug consumption data from 107,172 elderly patients (>65 years) revealed that amitriptyline consumption was significantly associated with lower colchicine consumption associated with inflammatory gout flare treatment.Conclusion and ImplicationsAmitriptyline blocks TLR4‐, IL‐1 receptor and NLRP3‐dependent innate immune responses. This together with clinical data amitriptyline could be repurposed for systemic or local innate immune response management in diverse joint inflammatory pathologies.
Gender dysphoria: laparoscopic sigmoid vaginoplasty. Another utility of indocyanine green
Authors: Flor‐Lorente Blas , Rosciano Jose Gerardo , Pérez‐Pérez Teresa , Sancho‐Muriel Jorge , García‐Granero Álvaro , Nohales‐Alfonso Francisco Jose , Primo‐Romaguera Vicent , Simón‐Sanz Eduardo Antonio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimGender dysphoria is the disagreement between the gender of birth and the one with which the patient identifies. For its management it is mandatory to have a multidisciplinary team. Gender confirmation surgery with penoscrotal skin flap is the procedure of choice, and a sigmoid vaginoplasty is a feasible alternative. The new technologies and the help of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence can help to guarantee a correct neovagina vascularization. The objective of this paper is to present the surgical technique of laparoscopic sigmoid vaginoplasty assisted by ICG.MethodsWe present two patients with gender dysphoria and a history of stricture of the penoscrotal skin flap vaginoplasty. We performed sigmoid vaginoplasty by the laparoscopic approach. We began the procedure with the mobilization and section of 30 cm of sigmoid colon, selective ligation of the vessels assisted by ICG, 180° sigmoid rotation, externalized on antiperistaltic position, construction of colovestibular anastomosis and promontory fixation. We finished the procedure with virtual ileostomy construction and drain placement.ResultsPatients recovered satisfactorily and were discharged on the seventh day after surgery without complications.ConclusionSigmoid vaginoplasty is a safe and feasible procedure. ICG has great value, contributing to the selective ligation of the vessels, allowing 180° sigmoid rotation and guaranteeing the irrigation of the neovagina.