bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐stage DSVM‐based torque ripple minimisation technique for the predictive torque control of the induction motor
Authors: Amiri Mohamad , Khaburi Davood A. , Khosravi Mahyar , Siami Mohsen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, a two‐stage technique is proposed for reducing torque ripple in the Predictive Torque Control (PTC) of the induction motor, based on the Discrete Space Vector Modulation (DSVM) strategy. In the first stage of this method, the voltage vectors are appropriately arranged through an offline procedure, such that the torque ripple value is decreased. On the other hand, the application time of the voltage vectors during the sampling period is calculated in the second stage, by conducting some online calculations, based on the adjacent vectors of the DSVM technique. This results in further torque ripple reduction. The proposed method can effectively reduce the torque ripple value at different operating points, especially at lower speeds. Finally, to validate the proposed method performance, the control algorithm has been experimentally implemented for an induction motor fed by 2L‐VSI; and it is compared with two‐vector PTC and deadbeat approaches.
Experimental study on the influence of H2O vapor and O2 for desulfurization and denitrification of the diesel exhaust in marine application by non‐thermal plasma
Authors: Cai Yunkai , Lv Lin , Lu Xinpei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo improve the pollutant removal efficiency by non‐thermal plasma (NTP), the effect of H2O vapor and O2 on removal efficiency of NO and SO2 as well as the reduction of CO was investigated in H2O/O2/SO2/NO/C3H6/CO2/N2 system. To analyse the reaction mechanism, the effects of H2O vapor and O2 on the emission intensity of and were investigated. The experimental results show that the increase of H2O vapour (0%–9.8%) promotes the generation of OH radicals, increases the removal efficiency of NO from 18.9% to 57.3%, decreases the energy per NO removed from 449.0 to 148.1 eV/NO, increases SO2 removal efficiency from 4.8% to 35.3%, decreases the energy per SO2 removed decreases from 2784.0 to 582.9 eV/SO2, and reduces the generation of CO from 460 to 229 ppm. In the range of 0%–15%, the increase of O2 content promotes the formation of O radicals, increases the removal efficiency of NO from 8.5% to 54.2%, and decreases the energy per NO removed from 994.3 to 156.4 eV/NO. In the range of 0%–5%, increasing O2 content promotes SO2 removal efficiency from 8.7% to 24.8%, and decreases the energy per SO2 removed from 2485.7 to 876.6 eV/SO2. However, CO generation increases from 200 to 350 ppm with the increase of O2 in 0%–5% due to the incomplete oxidation of C3H6. In the range of 5%–15%, the increase of O2 produces more O radicals, decreases the removal efficiency of SO2 from 24.8% to 23.5% and the generates of CO from 350 to 311 ppm. This study is helpful for improving the efficiency of NTP for desulfurization and denitrification, while reducing the by‐product CO.
Role of FXR in Bile Acid and Metabolic Homeostasis in NASH: Pathogenetic Concepts and Therapeutic Opportunities
Authors: Radun Richard , Trauner Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent cause of liver disease, increasingly contributing to the burden of liver transplantation. In search for effective treatments, novel strategies addressing metabolic dysregulation, inflammation, and fibrosis are continuously emerging. Disturbed bile acid (BA) homeostasis and microcholestasis via hepatocellular retention of potentially toxic BAs may be an underappreciated factor in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) as its progressive variant. In addition to their detergent properties, BAs act as signaling molecules regulating cellular homeostasis through interaction with BA receptors such as the Farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Apart from being a key regulator of BA metabolism and enterohepatic circulation, FXR regulates metabolic homeostasis and has immune-modulatory effects, making it an attractive therapeutic target in NAFLD/NASH. In this review, the molecular basis and therapeutic potential of targeting FXR with a specific focus on restoring BA and metabolic homeostasis in NASH is summarized.
Clinicians as advocates amid refugee resettlement agency closures
Authors: Siddiq Hafifa , Rosenberg Julia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs ongoing war and violence forcibly displace people worldwide, resettlement remains a critical response to the unprecedented global refugee crisis. In recent years, however, the USA (US) has diminished admissions, forcing agencies to shutter offices and resettlement programs across the nation—posing a silent threat to the refugee resettlement system. We provide historical context of refugee resettlement, discuss challenges, and offer recommendations for healthcare providers to become more effective advocates for refugee health in the USA. The need is urgent for healthcare providers and institutions—particularly in regions of high resettlement—to advocate for expanding and assuring sustainable capacity to care for refugees. Key elements include promotion of trauma-informed care, integration of social services in primary care settings, partnership with community-based organizations to promote continuation of care, advocacy for resources and services, and opposition to policies detrimental to the health of refugees and immigrants.
TRANVIA (TVA) facilitates cellulose synthase trafficking and delivery to the plasma membrane
Authors: Vellosillo Tamara , Dinneny José R. , Somerville Chris R. , Ehrhardt David W. 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is synthesized at the plasma membrane by cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs). The trafficking and delivery of CSCs from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane is critical to maintain the level of cellulose synthesis in plants. We identified a plant-specific protein called TRANVIA (TVA) as a new component of CSC secretory compartments involved in the delivery of CSCs into the plasma membrane. This work reveals that CSCs require specific trafficking partners to facilitate their proper delivery, thus highlighting a new point at which this important process is regulated.
Procedural tools and pension reform in the long run: the case of Sweden
Authors: Hannah Adam 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Welfare state reform is understood to be risky, difficult and still ongoing. As such, there is a need for analytic tools that can aid understanding of how governments are able to overcome the various barriers they face in seeking change, and the challenges of managing complex and hybridised welfare arrangements. This article argues that the policy tools literature provides several promising avenues for doing so. Specifically, it suggests that procedural policy tools – increasingly recognised in policy studies – are often critical for mitigating risk of blame, sustaining coalitions and supporting the ongoing adaptation of social policy systems to changing conditions and information. This is especially critical where policy innovations entail new substantive relationships between states, citizens and markets, as initial assumptions about individual and group behaviour are likely to be flawed. Procedural tools can enable learning and recalibration in the pursuit of public legitimacy for changing arrangements. To demonstrate the argument, this article engages closely with a case study of public pension reform in Sweden in the 1990s. The case study finds that, initially, reformers made use of a politically insulated parliamentary working group to design a new system, one which attempted to automate elements of policymaking and transfer risk from the state to the individual. However, this goal has proved more difficult to realise than imagined, and in the longer-term, the government used procedural tools for the purposes of learning and recalibration, and in doing so has gone some way to re-establishing modified forms of state accountability.
Scattering of Rydberg excitons by phonon-plasmon modes
Authors: Stolz Heinrich , Semkat Dirk 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We propose a new scattering mechanism of Rydberg excitons, i.e., those with high principal quantum numbers, namely scattering by coupled LO phonon-plasmon modes, which becomes possible due to small differences in energies of the states due to different quantum defects. Already in very low-density electron–hole plasmas these provide a substantial contribution to the excitonic linewidth. This effect should allow determining plasma densities by a simple line shape analysis. Whenever one expects that low-density electron–hole plasma is present the plasmon induced broadening is of high significance and must be taken into account in the interpretation.
Generative models improve radiomics reproducibility in low dose CTs: a simulation study
Authors: Chen Junhua , Zhang Chong , Traverso Alberto , Zhovannik Ivan , Dekker Andre , Wee Leonard , Bermejo Inigo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Radiomics is an active area of research in medical image analysis, however poor reproducibility of radiomics has hampered its application in clinical practice. This issue is especially prominent when radiomic features are calculated from noisy images, such as low dose computed tomography (CT) scans. In this article, we investigate the possibility of improving the reproducibility of radiomic features calculated on noisy CTs by using generative models for denoising. Our work concerns two types of generative models—encoder–decoder network (EDN) and conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN). We then compared their performance against a more traditional ‘non-local means’ denoising algorithm. We added noise to sinograms of full dose CTs to mimic low dose CTs with two levels of noise: low-noise CT and high-noise CT. Models were trained on high-noise CTs and used to denoise low-noise CTs without re-training. We tested the performance of our model in real data, using a dataset of same-day repeated low dose CTs in order to assess the reproducibility of radiomic features in denoised images. EDN and the CGAN achieved similar improvements on the concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) of radiomic features for low-noise images from 0.87 [95%CI, (0.833, 0.901)] to 0.92 [95%CI, (0.909, 0.935)] and for high-noise images from 0.68 [95%CI, (0.617, 0.745)] to 0.92 [95%CI, (0.909, 0.936)], respectively. The EDN and the CGAN improved the test-retest reliability of radiomic features (mean CCC increased from 0.89 [95%CI, (0.881, 0.914)] to 0.94 [95%CI, (0.927, 0.951)]) based on real low dose CTs. These results show that denoising using EDN and CGANs could be used to improve the reproducibility of radiomic features calculated from noisy CTs. Moreover, images at different noise levels can be denoised to improve the reproducibility using the above models without need for re-training, provided the noise intensity is not excessively greater that of the high-noise CTs. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first effort to improve the reproducibility of radiomic features calculated on low dose CT scans by applying generative models.
An optimization problem for maximum vibration suppression in reconfigurable one dimensional metamaterials
Authors: Stearns Aaron , Beck Benjamin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Acoustic metamaterials have already been shown to be effective for vibration reduction and control. Local resonances in the metamaterial cause waves at frequencies within band gaps to become evanescent, thus preventing wave propagation through the material. Active and adaptable local resonances enables the band gaps to be shifted in frequency and increased in bandwidth. Since metamaterial local resonances are usually composite, methods to specify optimal component configurations are helpful for passive metamaterials and almost necessary for adaptable metamaterials, where the metamaterial must be reconfigured for optimal performance at various frequency ranges. To assess band gap locations and bandwidths for metamaterials, a wavenumber spectrum is commonly computed. Commonly, a parameter study of adaptable unit cell variables will be performed to assess optimal configurations of adaptable metamaterials. In this paper, the complex wavenumber is proposed as a direct optimization objective for reconfiguration of active adaptable acoustic metamaterials for maximum vibration suppression at a frequency range of choice. By directly maximizing the imaginary part of the wavenumber, associated with wave attenuation, the unit cell configuration maximum vibration suppression can be obtained for an operating frequency of choice. Additionally, since the optimization problem requires constraints for feasible solutions and the example active piezoelectric metamaterial system shown here is electrically unstable at some configurations, we also explore an experimental method for bounding the optimization problem. Numerical results of the optimization problem are presented.
Interaction potentials, electric moments, polarizabilities, and chemical reactions of YbCu, YbAg, and YbAu molecules
Authors: Tomza Michał 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ultracold YbAg molecules have been recently proposed as promising candidates for electron electric dipole moment searches Verma et al (2020 Phys. Rev. Lett.
125 153201). Here, we calculate potential energy curves, permanent electric dipole and quadrupole moments, and static electric dipole polarizabilities for the YbCu, YbAg, and YbAu molecules in their ground electronic states. We use the coupled cluster method restricted to single, double, and noniterative triple excitations with large Gaussian basis sets, while the scalar relativistic effects are included within the small-core energy-consistent pseudopotentials. We find that the studied molecules are relatively strongly bound with the well depths of 5708 cm−1, 5253 cm−1, and 13349 cm−1 and equilibrium distances of 5.50 bohr, 5.79 bohr, and 5.55 bohr for YbCu, YbAg, and YbAu, respectively. They have large permanent electric dipole moments of 3.2D, 3.3D, and 5.3D at equilibrium distances, respectively. We also calculate equilibrium geometries and energies of corresponding trimers. The studied molecules are chemically reactive unless they are segregated in an optical lattice or shielded with external fields. The investigated molecules may find application in ultracold controlled chemistry, dipolar many-body physics, or precision measurement experiments.
Asteroid Photometry with PIRATE: Optimizations and Techniques for Small Aperture Telescopes
Authors: Jackson Samuel L. , Kolb Ulrich C. , Green Simon F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Small aperture telescopes provide the opportunity to conduct high frequency, targeted observations of near-Earth Asteroids that are not feasible with larger facilities due to highly competitive time allocation requirements. Observations of asteroids with these types of facilities often focus on rotational brightness variations rather than longer-term phase angle-dependent variations (phase curves) due to the difficulty of achieving high precision photometric calibration. We have developed an automated asteroid light curve extraction and calibration pipeline for images of moving objects from the 0.43 m Physics Innovations Robotic Telescope Explorer. This allows for the frequency and quality of observations required to construct asteroid phase curves. Optimizations in standard data reduction procedures are identified that may allow for similar small aperture facilities, constructed from commercially available/off-the-shelf components, to improve the image and subsequent data quality. A demonstration of the hardware and software capabilities is expressed through observation statistics from a 10 months observing campaign, and through the photometric characterization of near-Earth Asteroids 8014 (1990 MF) and 19764 (2000 NF5).
Accelerator development at the FREIA Laboratory
Authors: Ruber R. , Bhattacharyya A.K. , Dancila D. , Ekelöf T. , Eriksson J. , Fransson K. , Gajewski K. , Goryashko V. , Hermansson L. , Jacewicz M. , Jobs M. , Jönsson Å. , Li H. , Lofnes T. , Miyazaki A. , Olvegård M. , Pehlivan E. , Peterson T. , Pepitone K. , Rydberg A. , Santiago Kern R. , Wedberg R. , Wirén A. , Yogi R. , Ziemann V. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The FREIA Laboratory at Uppsala University focuses on superconducting technology and accelerator development. It actively supports the development of the European Spallation Source, CERN, and MAX IV, among others. FREIA has developed test facilities for superconducting accelerator technology such as a double-cavity horizontal test cryostat, a vertical cryostat with a novel magnetic field compensation scheme, and a test stand for short cryomodules. Accelerating cavities have been tested in the horizontal cryostat, crab-cavities cavities in the vertical cryostat, and cryomodules for ESS on the cryomodule test stand. High power radio-frequency amplifier prototypes based on vacuum tube technology were developed for driving spoke cavities. Solid-state amplifiers and power combiners are under development for future projects. We present the status of the FREIA Laboratory complemented with results of recent projects and future prospects.
Validating commonly used drought indicators in Kenya
Authors: Bowell Andrew , Salakpi Edward E , Guigma Kiswendsida , Muthoka James M , Mwangi John , Rowhani Pedram 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Drought is a complex natural hazard that can occur in any climate and affect every aspect of society. To better prepare and mitigate the impacts of drought, various indicators can be applied to monitor and forecast its onset, intensity, and severity. Though widely used, little is known about the efficacy of these indicators which restricts their role in important decisions. Here, we provide the first validation of 11 commonly-used drought indicators by comparing them to pasture and browse condition data collected on the ground in Kenya. These ground-based data provide an absolute and relative assessment of the conditions, similar to some of the drought indicators. Focusing on grass and shrublands of the arid and semi-arid lands, we demonstrate there are strong relationships between ground-based pasture and browse conditions, and satellite-based drought indicators. The soil adjusted vegetation index has the best relationship, achieving a mean r
2 score of 0.70 when fitted against absolute pasture condition. Similarly, the 3-month vegetation health index reached a mean r
2 score of 0.62 when fitted against a relative pasture condition. In addition, we investigated the Kenya-wide drought onset threshold for the 3-month average vegetation condition index (VCI3M; VCI3M

<

35), which is used by the country’s drought early warning system. Our results show large disparities in thresholds across different counties. Understanding these relationships and thresholds are integral to developing effective and efficient drought early warning systems. Our work offers evidence for the effectiveness of some of these indicators as well as practical thresholds for their use.
Honeycomb structures in magnetic fields
Authors: Simon Becker , Han Rui , Jitomirskaya Svetlana , Zworski Maciej 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We consider the nearest-neighbour tight binding model of the honeycomb lattice in magnetic fields and discover surprizing new analytical results that fully explain fractal spectra and experimentally observed asymmetries in the density of states of molecular graphene. We describe a fractal Cantor spectrum for irrational magnetic flux through a honeycomb, and establish the existence of zero energy Dirac cones for each rational flux with fully explicit estimates on the cone angle. Our results give a substantially more refined description of subtleties in the de Haas–van Alphen and quantum Hall effects, and provide the first quantitative bounds on transport coefficients for the tight-binding model under disorder.
Development of water-diesel emulsion through the employment of vibration
Authors: Adorni E , Tyurina J , Urushkina J , Ivanov M V , Revetria R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
With this study, we want to analyse the different techniques used to develop emulsions and then apply a new mechanism to manufacture a water-in diesel emulsion that would be stable for a relatively long period. After the research on previous studies, we confidently applied the knowledge acquired during the time of personal study and the research to develop a system that brought us to keep in a semi-stable state an emulsion of water and diesel for a period of 24 hours. In this research we are not focusing on one of the two aspects that should be noted once you study emulsions: we are trying to develop a stable emulsion through the employment of vibrations without considering the employment of such emulsion in an engine, for the moment.
The disposal of expired high energy materials
Authors: Romanova S M , Madyakina A M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article highlights the problem of disposal of obsolete pyroxylin powders. The main industrial methods of their utilization were considered. A method of chemical modification of cellulose nitrates that were extracted from obsolete powders with nucleophilic reagents was proposed. According to the results of physicochemical studies the major directions of the chemical reaction were established.
Assessment of the impact on surface waters of oil refining and oil production facilities in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Soliashinova O A , Ryapisova L V , Giniiatullin M A , Ahverdiеv R F 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An assessment was made of the risks of impact on the surface waters of the Republic of Tatarstan from the discharges of pollutants from the oil-producing and oil-refining industries in the places of their highest concentration.
Segmentation of municipal solid waste using artificial neural networks
Authors: St Kozodaev A , Kostromin N S , Kaplenkova P A , Sivova A N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the prospects of using neural networks and Waste-to-energy technology to create a rational and efficient waste management culture. The study determines the quality (by metrics) of a trained neural, network that determines the type of solid household waste, depending on various parameters of the model. Based on the analysis of the obtained metrics, a conclusion is made about the best parameters for the developed neural network model. This neural network was trained specifically for this study, and as was chosen TACO dataset. Brief theories of neural networks and Waste-to-energy technologies are also discussedenergy. Particular attention is paid to the need to use these tools together to reduce and suspend the formation of new landfills and energy generation. The article will be especially relevant for scientists in those countries where the percentage of recycled waste tends to zero.
Specifics of using an ejector-mixer with a tangential reagent inlet
Authors: Ksenofontov B , Vasilieva Ya , Kapitonova S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The paper shows that mixing of water with a reagent can be successfully carried out using ejectors. The main design features of the ejector-mixer have been studied. Determined parameters of the ejector operation and features of dosing reagent, to ensure the optimal mixing process. At the same time empirical dependencies of reagent solution suction into the treated water are established. All dependencies have a linear nature. The obtained dependencies can be used in the practice of reagent water treatment.