bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who Had Their Cake and Ate It? Lessons from the UK’s Withdrawal Process and its Impact on the Post-Brexit Trade Talks
Authors: Polak Polly R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis Article highlights the legal and procedural restrictions a Member States faces during its withdrawal from the EU and subsequent talks on a future trade relationship by analyzing the unprecedented case of the UK. One such restriction consists of an obligation to negotiate withdrawal as a result of the principle of sincere cooperation. Other limits derive from the withdrawal process itself, designed as it was by the European institutions on the basis of a very scant Article 50 TEU. By then comparing the three substantive pillars of the EU-UK WA—citizens’ rights, the financial settlement, and the Irish border— with the UK’s initial negotiating red lines, I offer two conclusions: That the aforementioned constraints on the withdrawing state can significantly weaken the defense of its interests during its withdrawal process and that having to agree to important issues in a first and separate stage of “orderly withdrawal” talks also diminishes the state’s bargaining power with regards to the next stage of negotiating a future partnership with the EU.
Covid-19 Through Brazilian Courts: The Deserving and the Undeserving Vulnerable
Authors: Bottini Filho Luciano 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLooking into these times of neoconservatism in Brazil, marked by a far-right agenda and populism, this Article explores the role of vulnerability (as a legal theory, a legal principle or factual consideration) in the litigation prompted by the pandemic in Brazil. The usages of vulnerability as a form of resistance to the denial of their identity and vulnerable condition show that vulnerability can take different forms through litigants and may have an independent meaning to what is defined in legal theory or law. This is most evident by the fact that litigants dispute government policies based on ideologies that contest their identities (and not merely their vulnerability). Four case studies substantiate this Article with lawsuits brought to higher courts by judicially active groups: prisoners, indigenous people, Afro-Brazilian ethnic communities and gig economy drivers. They are what I call “undeserving vulnerables”, groups discriminated from a legally recognized vulnerable group through attacks to their identity.
ON EQUATIONAL COMPLETENESS THEOREMS
Authors: MORASCHINI TOMMASO 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA logic is said to admit an equational completeness theorem when it can be interpreted into the equational consequence relative to some class of algebras. We characterize logics admitting an equational completeness theorem that are either locally tabular or have some tautology. In particular, it is shown that a protoalgebraic logic admits an equational completeness theorem precisely when it has two distinct logically equivalent formulas. While the problem of determining whether a logic admits an equational completeness theorem is shown to be decidable both for logics presented by a finite set of finite matrices and for locally tabular logics presented by a finite Hilbert calculus, it becomes undecidable for arbitrary logics presented by finite Hilbert calculi.
ON SEQUENCES OF HOMOMORPHISMS INTO MEASURE ALGEBRAS AND THE EFIMOV PROBLEM
Authors: BORODULIN–NADZIEJA PIOTR , SOBOTA DAMIAN 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFor given Boolean algebras$\mathbb {A}$and$\mathbb {B}$we endow the space$\mathcal {H}(\mathbb {A},\mathbb {B})$of all Boolean homomorphisms from$\mathbb {A}$to$\mathbb {B}$with various topologies and study convergence properties of sequences in$\mathcal {H}(\mathbb {A},\mathbb {B})$. We are in particular interested in the situation when$\mathbb {B}$is a measure algebra as in this case we obtain a natural tool for studying topological convergence properties of sequences of ultrafilters on$\mathbb {A}$in random extensions of the set-theoretical universe. This appears to have strong connections with Dow and Fremlin’s result stating that there are Efimov spaces in the random model. We also investigate relations between topologies on$\mathcal {H}(\mathbb {A},\mathbb {B})$for a Boolean algebra$\mathbb {B}$carrying a strictly positive measure and convergence properties of sequences of measures on$\mathbb {A}$.
CENTRE OF BANACH ALGEBRA VALUED BEURLING ALGEBRAS
Authors: TALWAR BHARAT , JAIN RANJANA 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe prove that for a Banach algebraAhaving a bounded$\mathcal {Z}(A)$-approximate identity and for every$\mathbf {[IN]}$groupGwith a weightwwhich is either constant on conjugacy classes or satisfies$w \geq 1$,$\mathcal {Z}(L^{1}_{w}(G) \otimes ^{\gamma } A) \cong \mathcal {Z}(L^{1}_{w}(G)) \otimes ^{\gamma } \mathcal {Z}(A)$. As an application, we discuss the conditions under which$\mathcal {Z}(L^{1}_{\omega }(G,A))$enjoys certain Banach algebraic properties, such as weak amenability or semisimplicity.
The association between the dietary pattern in abdominal obesity based on visceral fat index and dyslipidaemia in the Henan Rural Cohort Study
Authors: Xue Yuan , Liu Chang , Pang Shan-Bin , Mao Zhen-Xing , Zhang Dong-Dong , Gao Jiao-Jiao , Lin Ji-Song , Wang Chong-Jian , Li Xing , Li Wen-Jie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the association between dietary patterns in abdominal obesity obtained by reduced-rank regression (RRR) with visceral fat index (VFI) as a dependent variable and dyslipidemia in rural adults in Henan, China. A total of 29538 people aged 18–79 were selected from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. RRR analysis was used to identify dietary patterns; logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline regression models were applied to analyze the association between dietary patterns in abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia. VFI was used as a mediator to estimate the mediation effect. The dietary pattern in abdominal obesity was characterized by high carbohydrate and red meat intake and low consumption of fresh fruits, vegetables, milk, etc. After full adjustment, the highest quartile of dietary pattern scores was significantly associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia (OR: 1·33, 95 % CI 1·23–1·44, Ptrend < 0·001), there was a non-linear dose–response relationship between them (Poverall-association < 0·001, Pnon-lin-association = 0·022). The result was similar in dose-response between the dietary pattern scores and VFI. The indirect effect partially mediated by VFI was significant (OR: 1·07, 95 % CI 1·06–1·08). VIF explained approximately 53·3 % of odds of dyslipidemia related to the dietary pattern. Abdominal obesity dietary pattern scores positively affected VFI and dyslipidemia; there was a dose-response in both relationships. Dyslipidemia progression increased with higher abdominal obesity dietary pattern scores. In addition, VFI played a partial mediating role in relationship between abdominal obesity dietary pattern and dyslipidemia.
Acute lower extremity ischaemia after surgical interventricular communication closure in a newborn
Authors: Hugues Nicolas , Dommerc Carine , Bourlon François 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report a 5-month-old infant who developed an unexpected acute ischaemia of the right lower limb following a surgical perimembranous interventricular communication closure. This rare case of ischaemia was due to an occlusive right common iliac artery dissection. It was early managed by angioplasty with two ABSORB® bioresorbable stents, resulted in complete revascularisation of the right leg.
Screening for Pediatric Parenting Stress in Parents of Youth With Differences of Sex Development
Authors: Papadakis Jaclyn L. , Poquiz Jonathan L. , Johnson Emilie K. , Finlayson Courtney , Chen Diane 
Published: September 2021

Objective: Parents of children with differences of sex development (DSD) may be at risk for general parenting stress, but little is known about their experience of stress specific to caring for a child with a chronic illness, known as pediatric parenting stress. This study describes pediatric parenting stress in parents of youth with DSD by examining (a) differences in stress levels between mothers and fathers, and (b) associations with demographic and medical characteristics. Methods: Participants included parents of 137 youth ages less than 1 month to 20 years attending an interdisciplinary DSD Clinic [age M( SD) = 6.91(6.50); most common diagnosis: 46, XY DSD of unknown etiology]. Parents completed the Pediatric Inventory for Parents (PIP; Streisand et al., 2001 ) during clinic, and demographic and medical information was collected via chart review. Results: Mothers and fathers reported similar levels of pediatric parenting stress. Parents of youth who were non-White, had public insurance, or had sex chromosome DSD reported more pediatric parenting stress across several subscales. Conclusions: Certain parents of youth with DSD are at higher risk for pediatric parenting stress. Routine screening for illness-specific parenting stress may identify families who require additional evaluation to support adaptive coping and identify specific targets for intervention. Implications for Impact Statement Pediatric, or illness-specific, parenting stress has not been examined in parents of youth with differences of sex development (DSD). Clinic-based screening of pediatric parenting stress revealed mothers and fathers experience similar levels of pediatric parenting stress and higher levels of stress among parents of youth who were non-White, had public insurance, and had sex chromosome DSD. Findings emphasize the importance of routine screening for illness-specific parenting stress.
Moment-by-moment tracking of naturalistic learning and its underlying hippocampo-cortical interactions
Authors: Michelmann Sebastian , Price Amy R. , Aubrey Bobbi , Strauss Camilla K. , Doyle Werner K. , Friedman Daniel , Dugan Patricia C. , Devinsky Orrin , Devore Sasha , Flinker Adeen , Hasson Uri , Norman Kenneth A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHumans form lasting memories of stimuli that were only encountered once. This naturally occurs when listening to a story, however it remains unclear how and when memories are stored and retrieved during story-listening. Here, we first confirm in behavioral experiments that participants can learn about the structure of a story after a single exposure and are able to recall upcoming words when the story is presented again. We then track mnemonic information in high frequency activity (70–200 Hz) as patients undergoing electrocorticographic recordings listen twice to the same story. We demonstrate predictive recall of upcoming information through neural responses in auditory processing regions. This neural measure correlates with behavioral measures of event segmentation and learning. Event boundaries are linked to information flow from cortex to hippocampus. When listening for a second time, information flow from hippocampus to cortex precedes moments of predictive recall. These results provide insight on a fine-grained temporal scale into how episodic memory encoding and retrieval work under naturalistic conditions.
Clinically translatable quantitative molecular photoacoustic imaging with liposome-encapsulated ICG J-aggregates
Authors: Wood Cayla A. , Han Sangheon , Kim Chang Soo , Wen Yunfei , Sampaio Diego R. T. , Harris Justin T. , Homan Kimberly A. , Swain Jody L. , Emelianov Stanislav Y. , Sood Anil K. , Cook Jason R. , Sokolov Konstantin V. , Bouchard Richard R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhotoacoustic (PA) imaging is a functional and molecular imaging technique capable of high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution at depth. Widespread use of PA imaging, however, is limited by currently available contrast agents, which either lack PA-signal-generation ability for deep imaging or their absorbance spectra overlap with hemoglobin, reducing sensitivity. Here we report on a PA contrast agent based on targeted liposomes loaded with J-aggregated indocyanine green (ICG) dye (i.e., PAtrace) that we synthesized, bioconjugated, and characterized to addresses these limitations. We then validated PAtrace in phantom, in vitro, and in vivo PA imaging environments for both spectral unmixing accuracy and targeting efficacy in a folate receptor alpha-positive ovarian cancer model. These study results show that PAtrace concurrently provides significantly improved contrast-agent quantification/sensitivity and SO2 estimation accuracy compared to monomeric ICG. PAtrace’s performance attributes and composition of FDA-approved components make it a promising agent for future clinical molecular PA imaging.
Contact tracing is an imperfect tool for controlling COVID-19 transmission and relies on population adherence
Authors: Davis Emma L. , Lucas Tim C. D. , Borlase Anna , Pollington Timothy M. , Abbott Sam , Ayabina Diepreye , Crellen Thomas , Hellewell Joel , Pi Li ,   CMMID COVID-19 Working Group, Lowe Rachel , Endo Akira , Davies Nicholas , Gore-Langton Georgia R. , Russell Timothy W. , Bosse Nikos I. , Quaife Matthew , Kucharski Adam J. , Nightingale Emily S. , Pearson Carl A. B. , Gibbs Hamish , O’Reilly Kathleen , Jombart Thibaut , Rees Eleanor M. , Deol Arminder K. , Hué Stéphane , Auzenbergs Megan , Houben Rein M. G. J. , Funk Sebastian , Li Yang , Sun Fiona , Prem Kiesha , Quilty Billy J. , Villabona-Arenas Julian , Barnard Rosanna C. , Hodgson David , Foss Anna , Jarvis Christopher I. , Meakin Sophie R. , Eggo Rosalind M. , Abbas Kaja , Zandvoort Kevin van , Emery Jon C. , Tully Damien C. , Sandmann Frank G. , Edmunds W. John , Gimma Amy , Knight Gwen , Munday James D. , Diamond Charlie , Jit Mark , Leclerc Quentin , Rosello Alicia , Chan Yung-Wai Desmond , Simons David , Clifford Sam , Flasche Stefan , Procter Simon R. , Atkins Katherine E. , Medley Graham F. , Hollingsworth T. Déirdre , Klepac Petra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that contact tracing has had limited success in the UK in reducing theRnumber across the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigate potential pitfalls and areas for improvement by extending an existing branching process contact tracing model, adding diagnostic testing and refining parameter estimates. Our results demonstrate that reporting and adherence are the most important predictors of programme impact but tracing coverage and speed plus diagnostic sensitivity also play an important role. We conclude that well-implemented contact tracing could bring small but potentially important benefits to controlling and preventing outbreaks, providing up to a 15% reduction inR. We reaffirm that contact tracing is not currently appropriate as the sole control measure.
OPTN is a host intrinsic restriction factor against neuroinvasive HSV-1 infection
Authors: Ames Joshua , Yadavalli Tejabhiram , Suryawanshi Rahul , Hopkins James , Agelidis Alexander , Patil Chandrashekhar , Fredericks Brian , Tseng Henry , Valyi-Nagy Tibor , Shukla Deepak 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFast-replicating neurotropic herpesviruses exemplified by herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) naturally infect the central nervous system (CNS). However, most individuals intrinsically suppress the virus during a primary infection and preclude it from significantly damaging the CNS. Optineurin (OPTN) is a conserved autophagy receptor with little understanding of its role in neurotropic viral infections. We show that OPTN selectively targets HSV-1 tegument protein, VP16, and the fusion glycoprotein, gB, to degradation by autophagy. OPTN-deficient mice challenged with HSV-1 show significant cognitive decline and susceptibility to lethal CNS infection. OPTN deficiency unveils severe consequences for recruitment of adaptive immunity and suppression of neuronal necroptosis. Ocular HSV-1 infection is lethal without OPTN and is rescued using a necroptosis inhibitor. These results place OPTN at the crux of neuronal survival from potentially lethal CNS viral infections.
TRAPPC4 regulates the intracellular trafficking of PD-L1 and antitumor immunity
Authors: Ren Yimeng , Qian Yun , Ai Luoyan , Xie Yile , Gao Yaqi , Zhuang Ziyan , Chen Jinxian , Chen Ying-Xuan , Fang Jing-Yuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTumor cells evade T cell-mediated immunosurveillance via the interaction between programmed death-1 (PD-1) ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells and PD-1 on T cells. Strategies disrupting PD-1/PD-L1 have shown clinical benefits in various cancers. However, the limited response rate prompts us to investigate the molecular regulation of PD-L1. Here, we identify trafficking protein particle complex subunit 4 (TRAPPC4), a major player in vesicular trafficking, as a crucial PD-L1 regulator. TRAPPC4 interacts with PD-L1 in recycling endosomes, acting as a scaffold between PD-L1 and RAB11, and promoting RAB11-mediated recycling of PD-L1, thus replenishing its distribution on the tumor cell surface. TRAPPC4 depletion leads to a significant reduction of PD-L1 expression in vivo and in vitro. This reduction in PD-L1 facilitates T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Overexpression of Trappc4 sensitizes tumor cells to checkpoint therapy in murine tumor models, suggesting TRAPPC4 as a therapeutic target to enhance anti-tumor immunity.
Hypoxia regulates overall mRNA homeostasis by inducing Met1-linked linear ubiquitination of AGO2 in cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Hailong , Zhao Xian , Guo Yanmin , Chen Ran , He Jianfeng , Li Lian , Qiang Zhe , Yang Qianqian , Liu Xiaojia , Huang Caihu , Lu Runhui , Fang Jiayu , Cao Yingting , Huang Jiayi , Wang Yanli , Huang Jian , Chen Guo-Qiang , Cheng Jinke , Yu Jianxiu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHypoxia is the most prominent feature in human solid tumors and induces activation of hypoxia-inducible factors and their downstream genes to promote cancer progression. However, whether and how hypoxia regulates overall mRNA homeostasis is unclear. Here we show that hypoxia inhibits global-mRNA decay in cancer cells. Mechanistically, hypoxia induces the interaction of AGO2 with LUBAC, the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, which co-localizes with miRNA-induced silencing complex and in turn catalyzes AGO2 occurring Met1-linked linear ubiquitination (M1-Ubi). A series of biochemical experiments reveal that M1-Ubi of AGO2 restrains miRNA-mediated gene silencing. Moreover, combination analyses of the AGO2-associated mRNA transcriptome by RIP-Seq and the mRNA transcriptome by RNA-Seq confirm that AGO2 M1-Ubi interferes miRNA-targeted mRNA recruiting to AGO2, and thereby facilitates accumulation of global mRNAs. By this mechanism, short-term hypoxia may protect overall mRNAs and enhances stress tolerance, whereas long-term hypoxia in tumor cells results in seriously changing the entire gene expression profile to drive cell malignant evolution.
Quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia after cesarean section: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Zhao Zhigang , Xu Kaiming , Zhang Yanting , Chen Gang , Zhou Youfa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the analgesic efficacy of QLB versus controls in women undergoing cesarean section (CS). We systematically searched Cochrane Library, PUBMED, EMBASE, VIP, WANFANG, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Trials were eligible if parturients received QLB during CS. GRADE system was used to assess the certainty of evidence and Trial sequential analyses (TSA) were performed to determine whether the results are supported by sufficient data. Thirteen studies involving 1269 patients were included. Compared to controls, QLB significantly reduced the cumulative postoperative intravenous opioid consumption (in milligram morphine equivalents) at 24 h (MD, − 11.51 mg; 95% CI − 17.05 to − 5.96) and 48 h (MD, − 15.87 mg; 95% CI − 26.36 to − 5.38), supported by sufficient data confirmed by TSA. The postoperative pain scores were significantly reduced by QLB at 4 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h postoperatively by QLB compared with control. Moreover, the time to first request for rescue analgesic and the incidence of PONV were also significantly reduced by QLB. The quality of evidence of most results were low and moderate assessed by GRADE.
Experimental verification of the field theory of specific heat with the scaling in crystalline matter
Authors: Gusev Yuri Vladimirovich 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe field (geometrical) theory of specific heat is based on the universal thermal sum, a new mathematical tool derived from the evolution equation in the Euclidean four-dimensional spacetime, with the closed time coordinate. This theory made it possible to explain the phenomena of scaling in the heat capacity of condensed matter. The scaling of specific heat of the carbon group elements with a diamond lattice is revisited. The predictions of the scaling characteristics for natural diamond and grey tin are verified with published experimental data. The fourth power in temperature in the quasi-low temperature behaviour of the specific heat of both materials is confirmed. The phenomenon of scaling in the specific heat, previously known only in glassy matter, is demonstrated for some zincblend lattice compounds and diamond lattice elements, with their characteristic temperatures. The nearly identical elastic properties of grey tin and indium antimonide is the cause for similarity of their thermal properties, which makes it possible to make conjectures about thermal properties of grey tin.
Clinical and immunological allergy assessment in cancer patients
Authors: Carneiro Bruno Gustavo Muzzi Carvalho , Petroianu Andy , Machado José Augusto Nogueira , dos Anjos Paula Martins Ferreira , da Silva Fabiana Rocha , Alberti Luiz Ronaldo , Resende Vivian , Barrientos Sofia Candia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCancer is associated with immunodeficiency, while allergies result from immune system hyperactivity mediated by cytokines and immunoglobulins. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between immune environment of specific cancers and allergies, emphasizing cytokines related to Th1 and Th2 responses associated with IgE. 80 adults were distributed into two groups: control (n = 20) and cancer (n = 60), distributed in three subgroups (n = 20), head and neck, stomach, and prostate cancers. This study compared Th1 (IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4) parameters, anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, or regulatory profile regarding both IgE levels and reported allergies, by means of clinical manifestations and IgE, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-17, and TGF-β serum concentration. Clinically allergies were observed in 50% of the control group and in 20% of the cancer group (p = 0.009). IL-2 cytokine and TGF-β concentrations were higher in the patients with cancer as compared to the control (p < 0.005). However, there were IL-4, IL-17, and IL-1β decreases in the patients with cancer (p < 0.05). No correlation was observed between the cytokines studied and IgE and clinically proven allergies in both investigated groups. There was an inverse association between cancer and clinical allergy manifestations. In head and neck, stomach, and prostate cancers, an immunosuppressive serum tumor environment was predominant. There was no difference in cytokines related to Th1 and Th2 parameters in relation to IgE. No correlation was found between clinically proved allergies and immunity markers related to the same allergens.