bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AtDTX25, a member of the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion family, is a vacuolar ascorbate transporter that controls intracellular iron cycling in Arabidopsis
Authors: Hoang Minh Thi Thanh , Almeida Diego , Chay Sandrine , Alcon Carine , Corratge‐Faillie Claire , Curie Catherine , Mari Stephane 
Published: June 2021

Summary

Iron (Fe) is an essential element, its transport is regulated by the cell redox balance. In seeds, Fe enters the embryo as Fe2+ and is stored in vacuoles as Fe3+. Through its ferric reduction activity, ascorbate plays a major role in Fe redox state and therefore Fe transport within the seed.

We searched for ascorbate membrane transporters responsible for controlling Fe reduction by screening the yeast ferric reductase‐deficient fre1 strain and isolated AtDTX25, a member of the Multidrug And Toxic compound Extrusion (MATE) family.

AtDTX25 was shown to mediate ascorbate efflux when expressed in yeast and Xenopus oocytes, in a pH‐dependent manner. In planta, AtDTX25 is highly expressed during germination and encodes a vacuolar membrane protein. Isolated vacuoles from AtDTX25‐1 knockout mutant contained less ascorbate and more Fe than wild‐type (WT), and mutant seedlings were highly sensitive to Fe deficiency. Iron imaging further showed that the remobilisation of Fe from vacuoles was highly impaired in mutant seedlings.

Taken together, our results established AtDTX25 as a vacuolar ascorbate transporter, required during germination to promote the reduction of the pool of stored Fe3+ and its remobilisation to feed the developing seedling.
Facial aesthetic concern is a powerful predictor of patients' decision to accept orthognathic surgery
Authors: Perkovic Vjera , Pavlic Andrej , Trinajstic Zrinski Magda , Katic Visnja , Zigante Martina , Spalj Stjepan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate differences in quality of life in subjects with and without skeletal malocclusions and factors influencing patients' decision to accept orthognathic surgery.Materials and methodsDesignCross‐sectional with stratified sampling.Settings and sample population190 Caucasian subjects (65% females), aged 17‐46 years. 95 subjects were consecutive patients referred to University Dental Clinic for skeletal malocclusion treatment of which 58 subjects accepted suggested surgery, 37 refused. The other 95 were age‐and sex‐matched controls, without malocclusions, recruited from the pool of students and employees of local high schools and university.Main outcome measuresPsychosocial and functional issues were evaluated by Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire. Complexity of malocclusion and treatment need was assessed by the Index of Orthognathic Functional Treatment Need.ResultsDiscriminant analysis demonstrated that in quality of life, three groups differed mostly in facial aesthetic concern, followed by altered oral function, then by social interactions which were the highest in the group that accepted surgery. When controlling for age, sex, oral function impairment, awareness of facial deformity and inhibitions in social contacts in a multiple logistic regression analysis, only IOFTN and facial aesthetic concern were significant predictors of orthognathic surgery acceptance, increasing the odds for acceptance by 2.9x and 4.7x, respectively (P ≤ .045).ConclusionFacial aesthetic concern is very important factor in patients’ decision‐making process for accepting orthognathic treatment for skeletal malocclusions, with greater importance than high normative need for functional orthognathic treatment.
One‐Stage Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy for Symptomatic Double‐Level Contiguous Adolescent Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Mao Lu , Zhu Bin , Wu Xiao‐tao 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the clinical efficacy of one‐stage percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for symptomatic double‐level contiguous adolescent lumbar disc herniation (ALDH).MethodsThis retrospective study included 16 patients who presented with back and/or leg pain due to double‐level disc herniation underwent PELD for symptomatic lumbar disc herniation (0.27%,16/5877) from January 2014 to September 2019. After follow‐up period of 17.3 months in average, numeric rating scale (NRS) scores and modified Macnab criteria were used to assess the preoperative and postoperative clinical results. Quantitative data were expressed as mean standard deviation (SD) and the data for the variation in the NRS scores before and after the operation were compared using the Wilcoxon two‐sample test. Analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 19.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). Values of P < 0.05 were considered significantly different.ResultsThere were 11 male and 5 female patients, with an average age of 19.3 years (range, 15–22 years). One case affected the L2‐ L3 /L3‐L4 level, seven cases affected the L3‐ L4 /L4‐ L5 level, and eight cases affected the L4‐ L5 /L5‐S1 level. The NRS scores decreased significantly in both early and late follow‐up evaluations and these scores demonstrated significant improvement in late follow‐up (P < 0.05). For the modified Macnab criteria, the final outcome results were excellent in 14 patients (87.5%), good in 1 patient (6.25%), fair in 1 patient (6.25%), and the overall success rate was 93.75%.ConclusionThis study's data suggest that one‐stage PELD is promising treatment strategy for selected symptomatic double‐level contiguous adolescent lumbar disc herniation.
Reduced esophageal heating in high‐power short‐duration atrial fibrillation ablation in the contact force catheter era
Authors: Vassallo Fabricio , Meigre Lucas Luis , Serpa Eduardo , Cunha Christiano Lemos , Carloni Hermes , Simoes Aloyr , Amaral Dalton , Lovatto Carlos 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground Atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is alternative treatment to medical therapy. Most feared complication is atrioesophageal fistulaMethodsObservational, retrospective analysis of consecutive 355 patients undergoing first AF ablation. Low‐power long‐duration (LPLD) group contained 158 patients, with 121 (76.58%) having paroxysmal AF who underwent ablation with power 20/30W (anterior and posterior left atrial wall), 17 mL/min flow, and a contact force of 10–30 g for 30 s. High‐power short‐duration group (HPSD) contained 197 patients, with 113 (57.36%) having paroxysmal AF who underwent ablation at 45/50W of power with a contact force of 8–15 g/10–20 g and a 35 mL/min flow rate for 6–8 s on the anterior and the posterior left atrial wall, respectively. Both groups had pulmonary veins isolated and atrial flutter was ablated when needed. For patients not in sinus rhythm, cardioversion was performed before ablationResultsThere were no complications. LPLD group: Left atrial time 118.74 min, total 145.32 min, radiofrequency time 4317.99s, X‐ray 13.42 min, and elevation of luminal esophageal temperature (LET) in 132 (84.53%) patients. HPSD group: Left atrial time 72.16 min, total 93.76 min, radiofrequency time 1511.29s, X‐ray 7.6 min, and LET elevation in only 75 (38.07%) patients. A markedly higher rate of first‐pass isolation was observed in HPSD compared to LPLD, 77.16% versus 13.29%, respectively. Recurrence occurred in 64 (40.50%) and 32 (16.24%) in 28.45 and 22.35 months in LPLD and HPSD patients, respectively. In LPLD, 10 patients were submitted to endoscopy, and one (10%) had mild erythema and in HPSD, 13 performed the endoscopy, with two (15.38%) patients showing mild erythemaConclusionHPSD technique compared to the LPLD technique showed significant reduced radiofrequency and fluoroscopy times, higher rate of first‐pass isolation, lower recurrence rate, and esophageal temperature elevation and may also have a protective effect avoiding incidental esophageal injury due to these findings.
Faculty perspectives on transitioning public health nursing clinical to virtual in response to COVID‐19
Authors: Bejster Mallory , Cygan Heide , Morris Burnett Glenda , Smith Diane Y. , Brown Walker Mary , Friese Tanya 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has highlighted the need for public health nursing as an integral part of a strong public health workforce. However, it has also created challenges in preparing future nurses as much of nursing instruction, including clinical experiences, needed to urgently transition learning to a virtual environment. This paper describes the process faculty experienced during spring 2020 to quickly transition public health nursing clinicals from in‐person to virtual learning in response to COVID‐19. Further, faculty lessons learned are shared and include the importance of creating a supportive team dynamic, embracing innovation, continuing to engage with community partners, and adapting to meet emerging student needs during the evolving pandemic. The process and lessons learned may act as a guide for other nursing programs as we continue to navigate nursing education during this and future pandemics.
Varieties of Artifacts: Embodied, Perceptual, Cognitive, and Affective
Authors: Heersmink Richard 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe primary goal of this essay is to provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of the various relations between material artifacts and the embodied mind. A secondary goal of this essay is to identify some of the trends in the design and use of artifacts. First, based on their functional properties, I identify four categories of artifacts co‐opted by the embodied mind, namely (a) embodied artifacts, (b) perceptual artifacts, (c) cognitive artifacts, and (d) affective artifacts. These categories can overlap and so some artifacts are members of more than one category. I also identify some of the techniques (or skills) we use when interacting with artifacts. Identifying these categories of artifacts and techniques allows us to map the landscape of relations between embodied minds and the artifactual world. Second, having identified categories of artifacts and techniques, this essay then outlines some of the trends in the design and use of artifacts, focusing on neuroprosthetics, brain‐computer interfaces, and personalization algorithms nudging their users toward particular epistemic paths of information consumption.
Trade direction, market access and regional wage inequality: An explanation based on asymmetric trade costs
Authors: Yu Linhui , Wang Sai , Cheng Jinwen , Yang Lihong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe introduce the trade frictions between wealthy and impoverished regions into the New Economic Geography model. We argue that to reconcile bilateral trade volumes and price data within a standard gravity model, the trade frictions between regions must be systematically asymmetric, with poor regions facing higher costs to export relative to affluent regions. We construct the corresponding econometric model based on the theoretical formulation, and the results show that the asymmetry of trade costs has a significant impact on regional market access and wages. We then argue that these trade frictions are quantitatively crucial and without the asymmetry of trade costs, the standard deviation of market access among Chinese provinces would decline by 13.9%, while that of relative wages would decline by 16.1%.
Efectos de un programa de atención domiciliara en geriatría sobre el número de hospitalizaciones y consultas a urgencias
Authors: G´ómez Salazar Valentina , Garcés Medina María Camila , Chavarro Carvajal Diego Andrés , Meneses Bernal Juan Felipe , Cano Gutierrez Carlos Alberto , Santacruz Escudero José Manuel Ignacio 
Published: June 2021

RESUMEN
Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del programa de atención domiciliaria del Centro de Memoria y Cognición Intellectus, en un grupo de pacientes multimórbidos y dependientes con respecto al número de hospitalizaciones y consultas a urgencias antes del ingreso al programa y un año posterior al seguimiento.
Diseño: Es un estudio longitudinal de antes y después.
Participantes: Pacientes del programa de atención domiciliaria del Centro de Memoria y Cognición-Intellectus atendidos por geriatría domiciliaria con edad igual o mayor a 65 años, con enfermedades crónicas discapacitantes y/o trastorno neurocognoscitivo mayor; índice de Barthel menor de 60 y seguimiento mínimo de 1 año en el programa de atención domiciliaria.
Intervenciones: Seguimiento de un año en el programa de atención domiciliaria, y entrevista estructurada a los pacientes o familiares de los pacientes para evaluar los desenlaces.
Resultados: El promedio de hospitalizaciones se redujo de 1,91 (DE 1,82 IC 1,50-2,32) a 0,96 (DE 1,43 IC 0,66 a 1,26) con significancia estadística (p <0.001). El promedio de consultas a urgencias disminuyó de forma significativa (p <0.001) de 2,20 (DE 1.91 IC 1,77-2,63) a 1,20 (DE 1,69 IC 0,82-1,58).
Conclusiones: Se evidenció reducción en el número de vistas a urgencias e ingresos hospitalarios con diferencias estadísticamente significativas.
High-Temperature Compression Testing of Graphite
Authors: Green Leon 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Experiments on the compression of graphite cylinders at elevated temperatures are described. It is found that the short-time compressive strength increases with temperature in the range from room temperature to 2000 C, a variation which is consistent with the previously reported behavior of the tensile strength. Photographs of typical modes of deformation and their corresponding stress-strain curves are presented, but a limited degree of temperature control renders the curves semiquantitative in nature. The large, mutually opposing influences of temperature and strain rate are illustrated by photographs of typical failures, and stress-relaxation curves manifest the plasticity of graphite at high temperatures.
Determination of Stresses in Cemented Lap Joints
Authors: Cornell R. W. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A variation and extension of Goland and Reissner’s (1) method of approach is presented for determining the stresses in cemented lap joints by assuming that the two lap-joint plates act like simple beams and the more elastic cement layer is an infinite number of shear and tension springs. Differential equations are set up which describe the transfer of the load in one beam through the springs to the other beam. From the solution of these differential equations a fairly complete analysis of the stresses in the lap joint is obtained. The spring-beam analogy method is applied to a particular type of lap joint, and an analysis of the stresses at the discontinuity, stress distributions, and the effects of variables on these stresses are presented. In order to check the analytical results, they are compared to photoelastic and brittle lacquer experimental results. The spring-beam analogy solution was found to give a fairly accurate presentation of the stresses in the lap joint investigated and should be useful in analyzing other cemented lap-joint structures.
The Effect of Strain Hardening in an Annular Slab
Authors: Hodge P. G. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A procedure is outlined for obtaining the stresses and strains in a circular slab with a cutout, subject to uniform biaxial tension. An arbitrary stress-strain curve in tension is approximated by any number of straight-line segments. For biaxial states of stress the material is assumed to satisfy a flow law based on the maximum shear stress, and to be incompressible throughout. The general equations are given and then simplified by assuming that boundary motions may be neglected if the strains are small, and that elastic strain components may be neglected if the strains are large. For the case of linear strain hardening a complete solution is given in closed form. If the rate of strain hardening is small, these results may be simplified further.
Laminar Swirling Pipe Flow
Authors: Talbot L. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The problem of the decay of a rotationally symmetric steady swirl superimposed on Poiseuille flow in a round pipe was investigated theoretically and experimentally. The object was to determine the degree to which the rate of decay of the swirl as predicted by a linearized theory agreed with measured rates of decay at flow conditions near the critical conditions for swirl instability. The solution to the linearized equation of motion for the swirl was obtained. Swirling flow was produced experimentally by rotating a section of the test pipe. Swirl velocities were determined from motion-picture studies of colored oil droplets introduced in the flow. The stability of the swirl was investigated through visualization of a dye filament, and a critical curve for swirl instability was determined experimentally relating the angular velocity of the rotating section to the Reynolds number. The theoretical and experimental values for the decay parameter were found to agree closely, even at conditions of flow near the critical conditions for instability. It was concluded that in the problem under consideration the nonlinear effects are not appreciable for stable decay of the swirl.
Approximate Stress Functions for Triangular Wedges
Authors: Silverman I. K. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The variational method is used to determine expressions for approximate stress functions for determining the effect of a third boundary to an infinite triangular wedge. The approximate function is a solution of a Euler-Lagrange total differential equation of the variational calculus with the constants of integration determined from the condition of least work. The approximate function yields zero stresses on the sloping faces of the wedge but furnishes correction stresses on the third boundary.
Bending of Orthogonally Stiffened Plates
Authors: Hoppmann W. H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper the flexure theory for plates of orthotropic material is applied in the case of orthogonally stiffened plates using an experimental method to determine plate stiffnesses in bending and in twisting. Once these stiffnesses, or elastic moduli, have been determined by test they may be used in calculating bending deflections for plates of identical stiffened construction but any given boundary conditions. As an example, calculated deflections of a stiffened circular plate with clamped edge are compared with those which were determined experimentally. It is also demonstrated that the theory can be applied to the case of vibration of a stiffened plate if in addition to the orthotropic elastic constants the weight per unit area of the plate is determined. The various experimental results show considerable promise for use of the proposed combination of theory and experimental method in the analysis of both statically and dynamically loaded plates with attached stiffeners.
Determination of Natural Frequencies of Continuous Plates Hinged Along Two Opposite Edges
Authors: Veletsos A. S. , Newmark N. M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A numerical procedure is presented for computing the undamped natural frequencies of bending vibration of rectangular plates which are hinged along two opposite edges and continuous over rigid supports transverse to the hinged edges. Along the hinged edges, there are assumed to be uniformly distributed forces acting in the middle plane of the plate. The procedure is illustrated by two examples.
Momentum Diffusion From a Slot Jet Into a Moving Secondary
Authors: Weinstein A. S. , Osterle J. F. , Forstall W. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Results are presented for an experimental, impact-tube study of the diffusion of momentum for the isothermal, incompressible, turbulent mixing of a slot jet issuing into a slower moving secondary region. The symmetric spread of the jet into a uniformly flowing secondary stream of low initial turbulence is well correlated by phenomenological expressions based on assumptions suggested by the Engineering Experiment Station of the University of Illinois and extended in this paper to include the case of the slot jet issuing into a moving secondary. The single parameter upon which this correlation is based, the spreading coefficient, is shown to have an interesting interpretation in terms of the diffusion of a stream of fluid “particles” into uniformly flowing fields of homogeneous isotropic turbulence.
Minimum Weight Design of Cylindrical Shells
Authors: Freiberger Walter 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The theory of collapse and minimum weight design of cylindrical shells by Onat and Prager is applied in this paper to the development of a method for designing the variable wall thickness of a cylindrical shell under axial loading and arbitrary pressures to give maximum economy of material. The design is such that the shell does not fail plastically in the sense used in limit analysis. It will be assumed that the shell is supported at the ends by inextensible rings so that the circumferential strain rates vanish there.
Dynamic Response Analysis of Gearbox to Improve Fault Detection Using Empirical Mode Decomposition and Artificial Neural Network Techniques
Authors: Desavale R. G. , Jadhav P. M. , Dharwadkar Nagaraj V. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Since the last decade, gearbox systems have been requiring increasing power, and consequently, the complexity of systems has escalated. Inevitably, this complexity has resulted in the need for the troubleshooting of gearbox systems. With a growing trend of health monitoring in rotating machines, diagnostic and prognostic studies have become focused on diagnosing existing and potential failures in gearbox systems. In this context, this study develops the architecture of the cloud-based cyber-physical system (CPS) for condition monitoring of gearbox. Empirically collected vibration signals of gear wear at various time intervals are processed using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm. A Euclidian-based distance evaluation technique is applied to select the most sensitive features of car gear wear. Artificial neural network (ANN) is trained using extracted features to monitor the gearbox for the future dataset. Comparison of the performance results revealed that the ANN is superior to the other EMD methods. The present methodology was found efficient and reliable for condition monitoring of industrial gearbox.
Modeling of Looping Behavior in a Flexible Instrument Using a Bézier Curve
Authors: Singhal Shobhit , Khatait Jitendra P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFlexible medical instruments undergo looping during insertion and navigation inside the human body. It makes the control of the distal end difficult and raises safety concerns. This paper proposes the minimum strain energy concept to get the deformed shape of a flexible instrument in three-dimensional space. A Bézier curve is used to define the trajectory of the deformed shape under different loading conditions and constraints. Looping behavior is studied for different end shortening conditions. The effect of end twist on looping behavior is studied. It is observed that end twist leads to early onset of out-of-plane deformation leading to looping. The strain energy plot gives an insight into the behavior of these instruments with respect to end shortening and twist. The strain energy plot shows the minimum value for 2π end twist. Therefore, the instrument tends to go for looping if the end twist is present. Force and torque characteristics are obtained which will lead to the design and control of these instruments. Force and torque plots show negative stiffness when the instrument is going for looping. The unlooping phenomenon is also discussed and a strategy is proposed to mitigate looping. The proposed modeling approach can be utilized to address the complex behavior of a flexible instrument in medical as well as in other industrial applications. The insight developed will help in designing and developing control for safe and reliable usage of flexible instruments in various domains.