bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Safety, Efficacy, and Cost-Effectiveness of Miconazole 2% Versus Sertaconazole 2% in the Treatment of TineaCorporis: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: NarayanaGorontla  , Kanala Somasekhar Reddy  , Raj Kamal  , Kartheek Reddy  , Thireesha Tanveer  , NeelimaGanzi  
Published: January 2021

Tineacorporis is a dermatophytic infection of the body, which involves the keratin layer of the skin. These lesions are present as an annular plaque with an advancing border along with central clearing. Miconazole, a topical antifungal drug and has good efficacy, in anti dermatophyte. Sertaconazole is a highly selective inhibitor of fungal cytochrome P-450 sterol C-14 α-demethylation via the inhibition of the enzyme cytochrome P450 14α-demethylase.It is claimed to be superior to other old topical imidazoles in tineacorporis. .The present study was aimed to compare the safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness of topical antifungals, where we have compared Miconazole and Sertaconazole 2% creams in the treatment of fungal infection caused by tineacorporis, by assessing the ADR’s and therapeutic outcomes, using comparative, unicentered, randomized, non-blinded trial with 2 parallel treatment arms of one-month duration. In this study 106 patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups of Miconazole 2% cream and Sertaconazole 2% with 54 and 52 patients in each group respectively. Measurement is carried out at baseline, 1st, 2nd and 3rd follow-up for desired effects like itching, erythema, pain and lesions, physician’s global assessment (PGA), safety and cost-effectiveness. The results showed that sertaconazole 2% cream is efficacious and superior to Miconazole 2% cream in the improvement of clinical parameters and PGA. At the end of the follow-up phase, both groups of drugs are effective and well-tolerated in patients with no recurrence of tineacorporis. Effectiveness of SSertaconazole is early and superior with minor side effects. However, Miconazole is cost effective and safe.
Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Andrographis Echioides Leaves.
Authors: S. Gurupriya  , Dr.L. Cathrine  
Published: January 2021

Plants are the crucial resources and backbone of human life on earth and another main significance of plants is their medicinal properties. Medicinal plants provide an estimable source of lead compounds for the discovery of noble new drugs with few undesirable side effects. In this study, the Qualitative phytochemical analysis, quantitative estimation, and proximate analysis of phytochemical compounds with the importance pharmacological significance in various organic solvent extracts of Andrographis echioides leaves. Preliminary phytochemical screening analyses were determined using standard protocol methods. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of leaves extracts from Andrographis echioides was analyzed for the primary and secondary metabolites of phytochemical constituents such as sugar, protein, amino acids, Carbohydrates, alkaloid, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Glycosides, Tannins, Gum, Mucilage, phenolic compounds, Phytosterols, Coumarin, Emodin, Saponin, Oils, and Fats were screened in different solvent extracts. Quantitative estimation of secondary metabolites from Andrographis echioides leaves are determined by using Standard methods and proximate analysis of fibre, protein, fat, total ash, and carbohydrate were carried out by using standard. Among the nine different extracts of Andrographis echioides, methanolic extract of the leaves showed the maximum amount of phytochemical was screened in Andrographis echioides. Quantitative estimation of leaves from Andrographis echioides contained maximum content of total phenols, flavonoids, Steroids, and Terpenoids with the minimum amount of saponins, alkaloids, and Tannin. The proximate analysis in percentage showed that Andrographis echioides leaves had the highest amount of Carbohydrates content 33.78% and Protein content 27.21%. and the lowest amount of Fibre content 10.56% Fat content 1.13% and ash content 7.32%. The presence of phytochemical compounds supports the traditional use of Andrographis echioides as an alternative treatment for curing certain health conditions. Further studies should be carried out to isolate specific phytochemical chemical constituents and should be used in different studies to explore their Biological effects.
Evaluación de la ceniza agroindustrial de palma aceitera en suelos ácidos del Pacífico Sur, Costa Rica
Authors: Madrigal Valverde Ángel 
Published: January 2021

Se evaluó el efecto del residuo industrial en la variedad Deli x Ghana en una plantación comerciales. Para esto se aplicó distintas dosis (5000 kg ha-1, 10 000 kg ha-1 y 15 000 kg ha-1) de ceniza industrial. El material se aplicó en las rodajas de las palmas con un diseño de bloques completos al azar. Se midió la concentración de nutrimentos en el suelo, desarrollo de raíz y la conductancia estomática a los 90 y 180 días después de su aplicación (dda). Se encontró que a partir de los 180 dda se generó una mayor tendencia en el aumento del pH y la disminución de la acidez intercambiable. También aumento la densidad de raíz a los 90 dda con la adición de 10 000 kg ha-1 (C10) y a los 180 dda con la aplicación de 5 000 kg ha-1 y 15 000 kg ha-1 (C5 y C15). La conductancia estomática mostró diferencia estadística significativa en los tratamientos C5, C10 y C15 en la hoja N°9 antes del mediodía. Se concluye que la adición de ceniza industrial de palma aceitera tiene un efecto positivo en la variación de la conductancia estomática y la densidad de raíces en palma aceitera.
Avaliação direta e conjunta de Sistemas de Indexação Automática por Atribuição
Authors: Silva Sâmela Rouse de Brito , Correa Renato Fernandes , Gil-Leiva Isidoro 
Published: January 2021

Propõe um percurso metodológico para a avaliação direta e conjunta de sistemas de indexação automática por atribuição,bem como aplica o percurso proposto na avaliação da qualidade da indexação dos sistemas SISA (Sistema de IndizaciónSemi-Automático) e MAUI (Multi-purpose Automatic Topic Indexing) na indexação automática por atribuição de artigoscientíficos escritos em português da área da Ciência da Informação. A pesquisa é exploratória e empírica, envolvendo estudode caso e coleta de dados por meio de um experimento de indexação. O experimento constitui-se da indexação automáticados artigos científicos de um corpus de referência composto por 60 artigos de periódicos indexados intelectualmente usandoo Tesauro Brasileiro de Ciência da Informação como linguagem de indexação. Conclui-se que o percurso metodológico semostrou adequado e que os sistemas apresentaram bons resultados, porém o MAUI se destacou por apresentar melhoresíndices de desempenho.
Palavras-chave: Sistemas de indexação automática. Indexação automática por atribuição. Ciência da Informação. Avaliaçãoda indexação automática. SISA.
Characteristic Curves and Criterion of Critical Difference in Assessing the Informativeness of Markers of Renal Damage in Lithotripsy
Authors: Iskhakova R. S. , Gilmanov A. G. 
Published: January 2021

Aim of study. Determination of the diagnostic significance of laboratory biomarkers of renal tissue damage in remote nephrolithotripsy in patients with urolithiasis.Material and methods. On the basis of the urology department of the Republican Clinical Hospital (Ufa), 35 patients with urolithiasis were examined, who underwent remote shock wave lithotripsy sessions. The laboratory parameters were determined in patients: the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes in the blood, the level of lipocalin and microalbumin in the urine, as well as alpha2-microglobulin and cystatin C in the blood serum. The control group included 14 healthy donors. To determine the diagnostic efficacy of biomarkers of renal injury, characteristic curves were plotted, and lipocalin level shifts were interpreted taking into account the data on the critical difference criterion value.Results. When studying the urinary level of lipocalin in patients with urolithiasis, it was found that the difference in the concentration of the biomarker in them and in healthy individuals is statistically insignificant (0.68 pg/ml versus 0.4 pg/ml). After the first session of extracorporeal lithotripsy, an increase in urinary excretion of lipocalin by 5 times is noted, after the second - by an additional 1.6 times, and after the third - by another 1.7 times (the differences are statistically significant). To analyze the prognostic efficiency of markers of renal injury, characteristic curves were plotted. The area under the ROC curve for lipocalin varied from 0.77 to 0.80 depending on the number of sessions, which indicates a high diagnostic efficiency of this biomarker. The determination of the criterion of critical difference (CCD) showed that an increase in the level of lipocalin in the urine after the first session of lithotripsy more than 2.1 times is statistically significant. The concentration of the specified biomarker in urine exceeding 4.5 pg/ml, 6 pg/ml and 10 pg/ml after the first, second and third sessions of lithotripsy, respectively, can be considered as a basis for changing treatment tactics (delaying the second procedure) or performing lithotripsy in another way.Conclusion. Urinary lipocalin, associated with neutrophil gelatinase, is an informative biomarker of renal injury in the assessment of complications associated with the lithotripsy procedure.
Multistage Surgical Treatment of Multisystem Closed Abdominal Trauma: Standardization of the Approach
Authors: Maskin S. S. , Aleksandrov V. V. , Matyukhin V. V. , Parovatkin M. I. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The multisystem closed abdominal trauma is accompanied by a high mortality rate, and exceeding the minimum required volume of surgery in an extremely difficult patient’s condition often leads to an unfavorable outcome.Aim of study. Standardization of staged treatment of patients with severe concomitant closed abdominal trauma.Material and methods. This review presents the latest information obtained as a result of studying domestic and foreign literature on the issue of multistage surgical treatment of severe multisystem closed abdominal trauma. The concept of damage control, its stages are described step by step, indications for types of surgical interventions are specified. The literature data on the results of clinical application of the technique from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine are presented.Conclusion. A clear knowledge of the required volume of surgical intervention at each stage of treatment of patients with severe concomitant closed abdominal trauma, the main points of intensive care, the criteria for patient stabilization and indications for relaparotomy improve the treatment results for this category of victims.
The Method of Da’wah of Jama’ah Mastūrah in Increasing Religious Awareness of Women in Aceh Besar
Authors: Wirman Wirman , Fauziah Mira 
Published: January 2021

Jama’ah Mastūrah refers to a congregation of women division of Jama’ah Tabligh. As is the case of the male counterpart, Jama’ah Mastūrah also takes part in Islamic missionary activities. However, this group does not carry out da’wah in an open space or in front of the congregation. This study aimed to analyze the method of da’wah carried out by Jama’ah Mastūrah in raising women religious awareness in Aceh Besar. The study used qualitative approach and the descriptive analysis method. Data were collected by interview and documentation study. The results showed that the da’wah method carried out by Jama'ah Masṭurah was the method of da’wah bi al-lisān, bi al-kitābah and bi al-hāl. The bi al-lisān method is carried out by inviting the surrounding community to invite people to pray, wear a headscarf, recite the Qur'an and attend ta'lim activities in their homes. The bi al-kitābah is a method of da’wah by means of written materials, such as books, billboards, banners, bulletin boards, or pamphlets, containing messages of da’wah to mad’ū. The bi al-hāl method is carried out by showing noble morals, maintaining the limits of the genitals and avoiding meeting with men who are not mahram.
Safety and efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma for the sterilization of a Pasteurella multocida–contaminated subcutaneously implanted foreign body in rabbits
Authors: Avellar Haileigh K. , Williams Megan R. , Brandão João , Narayanan Sai , Ramachandran Akhilesh , Holbrook Todd C. , Schoonover Mike J. , Bailey Keith L. , Payton Mark E. , Pai Kedar Kamlakant , Timmons Chris T. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a stainless steel implant sterilized with a novel cold atmospheric plasma sterilization (CAPS) device adversely affects local tissues in rabbits and whether CAPS was as effective as steam sterilization with an autoclave to inactivate Pasteurella multocida.

ANIMALS
31 healthy New Zealand White rabbits.

PROCEDURES
Steam-autoclaved stainless steel implants inoculated with P multocida underwent a second steam autoclave sterilization (AIA) or CAPS (AICAPS). One AIA implant and 3 AICAPS implants were randomly placed subcutaneously at 4 sites in 21 rabbits (84 implants). These rabbits were monitored daily for 5 days for evidence of systemic illness and local tissue reactions at the implantation sites and then euthanized. Samples were taken from each implant site for bacterial culture and histologic examination.

RESULTS
Cultures of samples obtained from all sites were negative for bacterial growth. No significant difference was observed in mean skin thickness or erythema between AIA and AICAPS implant sites on any observed day. Also, individual histologic grades for the epidermis, dermis, subcutis, and muscle and total histologic grade were not significantly different between AIA and AICAPS implant sites.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Cold atmospheric plasma sterilization was noninferior to steam sterilization of P multocida–contaminated stainless steel implants in the rabbits in the present study. However, studies of the efficacy of CAPS for inactivation of other important bacteria are needed.
Ex vivo effects of corticosteroids on equine deep digital flexor and navicular fibrocartilage explant cell viability
Authors: Sullivan Stasia N. , Cole Sara L. , Stewart Matthew C. , Brokken Matthew T. , Durgam Sushmitha 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and methylpredniso-lone acetate (MPA) on the viability of resident cells within the fibrocartilage on the dorsal surface of the deep digital flexor tendon (FC-DDFT) and fibrocartilage on the flexor surface of the navicular bone (FC-NB) of horses.

SAMPLE
12 to 14 explants of FC-DDFT and of FC-NB from grossly normal forelimbs of 5 cadavers of horses aged 9 to 15 years without evidence of musculo-skeletal disease.

PROCEDURES
Explants were incubated with culture medium (control) or TA-supplemented (0.6 or 6 mg/mL) or MPA-supplemented (0.5 or 5 mg/mL) medium for 6 or 24 hours. Explant metabolic activity and percentage of dead cells were assessed with a resazurin-based assay and live-dead cell staining, respectively, at each time point. Drug effects were assessed relative to findings for the respective control group.

RESULTS
Application of TA (at both concentrations) did not significantly change the cell viability of FC-DDFT explants. For FC-NB explants, TA at 6 mg/mL significantly reduced the metabolic activity and increased the percentage of dead cells at both time points. With either MPA concentration, FC-DDFT and FC-NB explants had reduced metabolic activity and an increased percentage of dead cells at 24 hours, whereas only MPA at 5 mg/mL was cytotoxic at the 6-hour time point.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
In ex vivo explants, TA was less cytotoxic to equine FC-DDFT and FC-NB cells, compared with MPA. Further work is warranted to characterize the drugs' transcriptional and translational effects as well as investigate their cytotoxicity at lower concentrations.
Investigation of the effects of orally administered trazodone on intraocular pressure, pupil diameter, physical examination variables, and sedation level in healthy equids
Authors: Moss Alexandra L. , Hritz Rachel L. , Hector Rachel C. , Wotman Kathryn L. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of orally administered trazodone on intraocular pressure (IOP), pupil diameter measured in the vertical plane (ie, vertical pupil diameter [VPD]), selected physical examination variables, and sedation level in healthy equids.

ANIMALS
7 horses and 1 pony.

PROCEDURES
Food was withheld for 12 hours prior to drug administration. After baseline (time 0) sedation scoring, physical examination, and measurement of IOP and VPD, equids received 1 dose (approx 6 mg/kg) of trazodone orally. Examination and measurement procedures were repeated 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after drug administration. Blood samples were collected at each time point for analysis of plasma trazodone concentrations. Repeated-measures analysis was used to compare examination results between downstream time points and baseline.

RESULTS
7 of 8 equids had mild sedation from 0.5 to 8 hours after treatment; compared with baseline values, mean IOP was significantly lower from 0.5 hours to 8 hours, mean VPD was significantly smaller at 0.5 hours, and mean rectal temperature was significantly lower from 1 to 8 hours after drug administration. Adverse effects (signs of excitement in 1 equid and sweating in 4) were self-limiting and considered minor. Mean maximum plasma concentration of trazodone was 1,493 ng/mL 0.75 hours after administration, and terminal half-life of the drug was 9.96 hours.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The described oral dose of trazadone elicited sedation with a few self-limiting adverse effects in the study sample. Drug effects on IOP and VPD may alter ocular examination findings. Further investigation is warranted prior to use of trazodone for sedation in equids, particularly those with ophthalmic conditions.
Time required to achieve maximum amikacin concentration in the synovial fluid of the tarsocrural joint following administration of the drug by intravenous regional limb perfusion in horses
Authors: Kilcoyne Isabelle , Nieto Jorge E. , Galuppo Larry D. , Dechant Julie E. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine the median time to maximum concentration (tmax) of amikacin in the synovial fluid of the tarsocrural joint following IV regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) of the drug in a saphenous vein of horses.

ANIMALS
7 healthy adult horses.

PROCEDURES
With each horse sedated and restrained in a standing position, a 10-cm-wide Esmarch tourniquet was applied to a randomly selected hind limb 10 cm proximal to the point of the tarsus. Amikacin sulfate (2 g diluted with saline [0.9% NaCl] solution to a volume of 60 mL) was instilled in the saphenous vein over 3 minutes with a peristaltic pump. Tarsocrural synovial fluid samples were collected at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes after completion of IVRLP. The tourniquet was removed after collection of the last sample. Amikacin concentration was quantified by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Median maximum amikacin concentration and tmax were determined.

RESULTS
1 horse was excluded from analysis because an insufficient volume of synovial fluid for evaluation was obtained at multiple times. The median maximum synovial fluid amikacin concentration was 450.5 μg/mL (range, 304.7 to 930.7 μg/mL), and median tmax was 25 minutes (range, 20 to 30 minutes). All horses had synovial fluid amikacin concentrations ≥ 160 μg/mL (therapeutic concentration for common equine pathogens) at 20 minutes after IVRLP.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results suggested that, in healthy horses, maintaining the tourniquet for 20 minutes after IVRLP of amikacin in a saphenous vein was sufficient to achieve therapeutic concentrations of amikacin in the tarsocrural joint.
Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease dementia-two independent disorders or one clinical entity within a clinical spectrum of synucleinopathies?
Authors: Papuć Ewa 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Introduction: Both dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) are important dementia syndromes that overlap in their clinical features and clinical course, neuropathological abnormalities, and also therapeutic approach. Nevertheless it is still unclear whether DLB and PDD are two different disorders that require differentiation or are one clinical entity within a spectrum of Lewy body disease. Currently these disorders are mainly distinguished on the basis of the relative timing of the onset of symptoms of dementia and parkinsonism. The present paper presents current concepts on the pathogenesis of both disorders and their possible overlap.

Material and methods: Online databases in the field of DLB and PDD were searched for to find potentially eligible articles. Only most recent articles published after the year 2000 were chosen.

Results: The clinical features of DLB and PDD are similar and include dementia with hallucinations and cognitive fluctuations, as well as parkinsonian signs. Also cognitive deficits are similar in PDD and in DLB, with predominance of executive dysfunction, visual-spatial deficits and memory impairment. Neuropathological changes in both disorders involve the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites within brainstem, limbic and neocortex, as well as loss of midbrain dopamine cells, and loss of cholinergic neurons in the nuclei of ventral forebrain.

Conclusions: Similarities in clinical manifestation, neuropsychological deficits and neuropathological abnormalities may suggest that both DLB and PDD are two different phenotypes of the same disorder. This review article presents current knowledge on similarities and differences between these two clinical entities and raises the question whether they require differentiation or not.
Optimized Schwarz methods with general Ventcell transmission conditions for fully anisotropic diffusion with discrete duality finite volume discretizations
Authors: Gander Martin J. , Halpern Laurence , Hubert Florence , Krell Stella 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We introduce a new non-overlapping optimized Schwarz method for fully anisotropic diffusion problems. Optimized Schwarz methods take into account the underlying physical properties of the problem at hand in the transmission conditions, and are thus ideally suited for solving anisotropic diffusion problems. We first study the new method at the continuous level for two subdomains, prove its convergence for general transmission conditions of Ventcell type using energy estimates, and also derive convergence factors to determine the optimal choice of parameters in the transmission conditions. We then derive optimized Robin and Ventcell parameters at the continuous level for fully anisotropic diffusion, both for the case of unbounded and bounded domains. We next present a discretization of the algorithm using discrete duality finite volumes, which are ideally suited for fully anisotropic diffusion on very general meshes. We prove a new convergence result for the discretized optimized Schwarz method with two subdomains using energy estimates for general Ventcell transmission conditions. We finally study the convergence of the new optimized Schwarz method numerically using parameters obtained from the continuous analysis. We find that the predicted optimized parameters work very well in practice, and that for certain anisotropies which we characterize, our new bounded domain analysis is important.