bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of coffee brewing methods on the chromatographic and spectroscopic profiles, antioxidant and sensory properties
Authors: Stanek Natalia , Zarębska Magdalena , Biłos Łukasz , Barabosz Krzysztof , Nowakowska-Bogdan Ewa , Semeniuk Izabela , Błaszkiewicz Justyna , Kulesza Renata , Matejuk Rafał , Szkutnik Krzysztof 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCold brewing coffee has gained increasing popularity as a novel brewing method. A completely different flavour profile during cold brewing extraction (smooth and mild) is a result of the low-energy process, prolonged water-grind contact times and long preparation time. The aim of our research was to compare coffee drinks obtained with an innovative device for a faster, dynamic cold coffee extraction process (Hardtank) to drinks prepared traditionally in 24 h and hot brewed drinks. This study investigated the differences in chemical composition (volatile, non-volatile and lipid compounds), sensory properties and antioxidant capacity of coffee drinks from various extraction processes carried out at variable brewing temperatures, times and percolation modes. The results showed that the new cold maceration technique using coffee bed percolation (Hardtank) improved the quality of cold coffee drinks, making them similar in taste to hot coffee drinks. Among the studied extractions, the combination of a lower temperature (19.3 °C) and percolation process appeared to be the ideal setting for the most efficient extraction of compounds such as chlorogenic acids, gallic acid, caffeine, trigonelline, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and lipids and consequently for their intake. In addition, FTIR spectra indicated an even 4 times greater quantity of lipids in Hardtank drinks than in classic cold brew and up to 5 times more lipids than in hot brew coffee, which contribute to the formation of the aroma and flavour. The decreased extraction time and use of coffee bed percolation could be beneficial for the quality and taste of cold brew products.
Efficient conversion of orbital Hall current to spin current for spin-orbit torque switching
Authors: Lee Soogil , Kang Min-Gu , Go Dongwook , Kim Dohyoung , Kang Jun-Ho , Lee Taekhyeon , Lee Geun-Hee , Kang Jaimin , Lee Nyun Jong , Mokrousov Yuriy , Kim Sanghoon , Kim Kab-Jin , Lee Kyung-Jin , Park Byong-Guk 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSpin Hall effect, an electric generation of spin current, allows for efficient control of magnetization. Recent theory revealed that orbital Hall effect creates orbital current, which can be much larger than spin-Hall-induced spin current. However, orbital current cannot directly exert a torque on a ferromagnet, requiring a conversion process from orbital current to spin current. Here, we report two effective methods of the conversion through spin-orbit coupling engineering, which allows us to unambiguously demonstrate orbital-current-induced spin torque, or orbital Hall torque. We find that orbital Hall torque is greatly enhanced by introducing either a rare-earth ferromagnet Gd or a Pt interfacial layer with strong spin-orbit coupling in Cr/ferromagnet structures, indicating that the orbital current generated in Cr is efficiently converted into spin current in the Gd or Pt layer. Our results offer a pathway to utilize the orbital current to further enhance the magnetization switching efficiency in spin-orbit-torque-based spintronic devices.
Mitigating mass transport limitations: hierarchical nanoporous gold flow-through electrodes for electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Qi Zhen , Hawks Steven A. , Horwood Corie , Biener Juergen , Biener Monika M. 
Published: November 2021

A liquid phase flow-through hierarchical electrode is reported for electrochemical CO2 reduction where the CO2-to-CO Faraday efficiency increases with increasing flow rate and the conversion efficiency reaches a maximum of 25%.
Texture Consumption Patterns of 8- to 12-Month-Old Infants: A Reflection of Typical Feeding Development
Authors: Delaney Amy L. , Van Hoorn Megan , Staskiewicz Sarah , Feuling Mary Beth , Pladies Stephanie , Bansal Naveen K. , Goday Praveen S. 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe lack of age-appropriate expectations for the acquisition of feeding skills and consumption of textured food in early childhood inhibits early and accurate identification of developmental delay in feeding and pediatric feeding disorder. The objective of this study was to describe texture intake patterns in a cohort of typically developing infants between 8 and 12 months of age, with the aim of informing future research to establish targets for feeding skill acquisition.MethodUsing cross-sectional methodology, we studied the presence of liquid and solid textures and drinking methods in the diet, consumption patterns by texture and drinking methods, and caloric intake by texture via caregiver questionnaire and 3-day dietary intake record in 63 healthy infants between 8 and 12 months of age. Descriptive statistics and a one-way analysis of variance were conducted to compare the effect of age on texture intake patterns.ResultsFindings reveal rapid advancement of intake patterns for texture overall and for energy intake by texture between 8 and 12 months of age. Whereas liquids continue to provide a large proportion of total energy through this time, solids contribute an equal proportion of energy by 12 months of age.ConclusionsThis study describes texture intake patterns in a cohort of typically developing infants between 8 and 12 months of age by examining the presence of texture and drinking methods, liquid and solid consumption patterns, and energy intake by texture. When applied to data from a future population sample, findings will provide a threshold for age expectations for typical and disordered feeding development to aid in the detection of developmental delay in feeding and pediatric feeding disorder.What Is Known:Expectations regarding early feeding development have been focused on nutrition parameters.Lack of standardized, age-appropriate expectations for texture progression in infancy and early childhood inhibits early and accurate identification and treatment of pediatric feeding disorder.What Is New:We have described changes in dietary composition by texture and drinking method in healthy infants.Together with nutritional composition, this study describes a more comprehensive assessment of infant feeding, particularly to clinicians who need to diagnose feeding skill deficits.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16879615
Relationships Across Clinical Measures of Vocal Quality and Functioning and Their Relationship With Patient Perception
Authors: Houle Nichole , Johnson Aaron M. 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among subjective auditory-perceptual ratings of vocal quality, objective acoustic and aerodynamic measures of vocal function, and patient-perceived severity of their vocal complaint.

Method
This study was a retrospective chart review of adult patients evaluated at a single outpatient center over a 1.5-year time period. Twenty-two clinical objective and subjective measures of voice were extracted from 676 charts (310 males, 366 females). To identify the underlying concepts addressed in an initial voice assessment, principal component analyses were conducted for males and females to account for sex differences. Linear regression models were conducted to examine the relationship between the principal components and patient perceived severity.

Results
Seven principal components were identified for both sexes and accounted for 75% and 71% of the variance in the clinical measures, respectively. Of these seven principal components, only two predicted male patient perceived severity, which accounted for 22% of the variance. In contrast, four principal components predicted female patient perceived severity of their voice disorder and accounted for 19% of the variance.

Conclusions
The results highlight the underlying aspects of vocal quality and functioning that are evaluated during an initial assessment. Male and female patients differ in which of these components may contribute self-perceived severity of a voice disorder. Identifying these underlying components may support clinical decision making when developing a clinical protocol and highlights the overlap between patient concerns and clinical measures.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16879603
Simulating microgravity using a random positioning machine for inducing cellular responses to mechanotransduction in human osteoblasts
Authors: Wubshet Nadab H. , Arreguin-Martinez Esmeralda , Nail Mark , Annamalai Hariprasad , Koerner Robert , Rousseva Maria , Tom Tristan , Gillespie R. Brent , Liu Allen P. 
Published: November 2021

The mechanotransduction pathways that mediate cellular responses to contact forces are better understood than those that mediate response to distance forces, especially the force of gravity. Removing or reducing gravity for significant periods of time involves either sending samples to space, inducing diamagnetic levitation with high magnetic fields, or continually reorienting samples for a period, all in a manner that supports cell culturing. Undesired secondary effects due to high magnetic fields or shear forces associated with fluid flow while reorienting must be considered in the design of ground-based devices. We have developed a lab-friendly and compact random positioning machine (RPM) that fits in a standard tissue culture incubator. Using a two-axis gimbal, it continually reorients samples in a manner that produces an equal likelihood that all possible orientations are visited. We contribute a new control algorithm by which the distribution of probabilities over all possible orientations is completely uniform. Rather than randomly varying gimbal axis speed and/or direction as in previous algorithms (which produces non-uniform probability distributions of orientation), we use inverse kinematics to follow a trajectory with a probability distribution of orientations that is uniform by construction. Over a time period of 6 h of operation using our RPM, the average gravity is within 0.001 23% of the gravity of Earth. Shear forces are minimized by limiting the angular speed of both gimbal motors to under 42 °/s. We demonstrate the utility of our RPM by investigating the effects of simulated microgravity on adherent human osteoblasts immediately after retrieving samples from our RPM. Cytoskeletal disruption and cell shape changes were observed relative to samples cultured in a 1 g environment. We also found that subjecting human osteoblasts in suspension to simulated microgravity resulted in less filamentous actin and lower cell stiffness.
An algebraic approach of non-self-adjoint Hamiltonians in Krein spaces
Authors: Inoue Hiroshi 
Published: November 2021

Through our series of studies, we have constructed some physical operators such as non-self-adjoint Hamiltonians H, lowering operators A, and raising operators B and their adjoint H†, A†, and B† from generalized Riesz systems. However, we cannot consider the *-algebraic structure of their operators because even the sum H + H† is not well-defined. Our purpose of this paper is to introduce the *-algebra structure of all their operators by defining a certain Krein space.
Phase separation in fluids with many interacting components
Authors: Shrinivas Krishna , Brenner Michael P. 
Published: November 2021

SignificanceImmiscible fluids are found everywhere—examples include vinaigrette and ouzo in the kitchen, multiphase hydrocarbon–water mixtures common in oil extraction, and in virtually all living things. Within the living cell, thousands of biomolecules organize into multiple coexisting liquid-like phases that enable diverse functions. Despite their ubiquity in nature and industry, how numerous interactions between components encode their macroscopic multiphase behavior remains poorly understood. We employ statistical physics approaches to reveal the emergent dynamical, compositional, and steady-state properties of coexisting phases in fluid mixtures with many randomly interacting components. Building on these findings, we demonstrate design strategies to encode linear or nonmonotonic scaling relationships between the number of phases and components and suggest active routes to tunably modify multiphase coexistence.
Mass spectrometric identification of immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 epitopes and cognate TCRs
Authors: Pan Ke , Chiu Yulun , Huang Eric , Chen Michelle , Wang Junmei , Lai Ivy , Singh Shailbala , Shaw Rebecca M. , MacCoss Michael J. , Yee Cassian 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Durable protection against COVID-19 infection may be achieved by generating robust T cell responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants; for those infected, effective treatments are urgently needed. For these strategies to be successful, accurate identification of T cell epitopes is critical. In this study, we used major histocompatibility complex immune precipitation, acid elution, and tandem mass spectrometry to define the SARS-CoV-2 immunopeptidome for membrane glycoprotein (MGP) and the nonstructural protein. Furthermore, taking advantage of a highly robust endogenous T cell workflow, we verify the immunogenicity of these MS-defined peptides by in vitro generation of MGP and NSP13 peptide-specific T cells and confirm T cell recognition of MGP or NSP13 endogenously expressing cell lines.
Countering linguistic violence by place-making in the public space
Authors: Sabri Malika , Blackwood Robert 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Much is discussed in the literature about the Arabization of Algeria’s public space since its independence from France in
1962. This privileging of the contest between Arabic and French eclipses the stake claimed by speakers of Tamazight, the Afro-Asiatic
language spoken by the majority in the historic province of Kabylia, to the east of the capital Algiers. Taking the wilaya
of Tizi-Ouzou, in the heart of Kabylia, as the focus for this article, we adopt a performative approach to exploring the making of place,
and in particular a Tamazightophone space, by triangulating traditional Linguistic Landscape data, interviews with residents, and 200 years
of competing language management strategies. In response to the linguistic violence perpetrated by French colonial powers and aggressive
Arabisation policies, we investigate how the discourses of place, particularly Amazigh cultural and linguistic identity, challenge the
double erasure of Tamazight.
Na doping into Li-rich layered single crystal nanoparticles for high-performance lithium-ion batteries cathodes
Authors: Li Jili , Lin Haiyan , Tang Chunjuan , Yu Dongsheng , Sun Jie , Zhang Wanzhen , Wang Yujiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Lithium-rich layered manganese-based cathodes (LRLMOs) with first-class energy density (∼1000 W h kg−1) have attracted wide attention. Nevertheless, the weak cycle stability and bad rate capability obstruct their large-scale commercial application. Here, single crystal Li1.2−x
Na
x
Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) nanoparticles are designed and successfully synthesized due to the single crystal structure with smaller internal stress and larger ionic radius of Na. The synergistic advantages of single crystal structure and Na doping are authenticated as cathodes for Li ion batteries (LIBs), which can consolidate the crystallographic structure and be benefit for migration of lithium ion. Among all the Na doping single crystals, Li1.1Na0.1Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode possesses supreme cycling life and discharge capacity at large current density. To be more specific, it exhibits a discharge capacity of 264.2 mAh g–1 after 50 charge and discharge cycles, higher than that of undoped material (214.9 mAh g–1). The discharge capacity of Li1.1Na0.1Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode at 10 C (1 C = 200 mA g−1) is enhanced to 160.4 mAh g−1 (106.7 mAh g–1 for x = 0 sample). The creative strategy of Na doping single crystal LRLMOs might furnish an idea to create cathode materials with high energy and power density for next generation LIBs.
Anomalous two-photon Compton scattering
Authors: Kettle B , Aquila A , Boutet S , Bucksbaum P H , Carini G , Feng Y , Gamboa E , Ghimire S , Glenzer S , Hart P , Hastings J B , Henighan T , Hunter M , Koglin J , Kozina M , Liu H , MacDonald M J , Trigo M , Reis D A , Fuchs M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers can generate radiation pulses with extreme peak intensities at short wavelengths. This enables the investigation of laser–matter interactions in a regime of high fields, yet at a non-relativistic ponderomotive potential, where ordinary rules of light–matter interaction may no longer apply and nonlinear processes are starting to become observable. Despite small cross-sections, first nonlinear effects in the hard x-ray regime have recently been observed in solid targets, including x-ray-optical sum-frequency generation (XSFG), x-ray second harmonic generation (XSHG) and two-photon Compton scattering (2PCS). Nonlinear interactions of bound electrons in the x-ray range are fundamentally different from those dominating at optical frequencies. Whereas in the optical regime nonlinearities are predominantly caused by anharmonicities of the atomic potential in the chemical bonds, x-ray nonlinearities far above atomic resonances are expected to be due to nonlinear oscillations of quasi-free electrons, including inner-shell atomic electrons. While the quasi-free-electron model agrees reasonably well with the experimental data for XSFG and XSHG, 2PCS measurements have led to unexpected results: the energy of the nonlinearly scattered photons from non-relativistic electrons shows a substantial unexpected red shift in addition to the Compton shift that is well beyond that predicted by a nonlinear quantum electrodynamics model for free electrons.
A potential explanation for the spectral broadening is based on a previously unexplored scattering process that involves the whole atom rather than just quasi-free electrons. A first simulation that includes the atomic binding potential was successful in describing a broadening of the spectrum of the nonlinearly scattered photons to longer wavelengths for soft x-rays. However, the same model does not show any broadening at hard x-ray wavelengths, which is in agreement with other simulation approaches. To this point no calculation has been able to reproduce the experimentally observed broadening.
Here we present further experimental data of 2PCS for an extended parameter range using additional diagnostics. In particular, we present measurements of the electron momentum distribution during the interaction that strongly suggest that the spectral broadening is not caused by an increased plasma temperature. We extend our measurement of the magnitude of the red shift in beryllium to

>
1.9

k
e
V

in addition to the Compton shift expected for free electrons and expand the measurement of the angular distribution to include forward scattering angles. We also present first measurements of 2PCS from diamond.
Influence of rainfall on foraging behavior of a tropical seabird
Authors: De Pascalis Federico , Austin Rhiannon E , Green Jonathan A , Arnould John P Y , Imperio Simona , Maugeri Maurizio , Haakonsson Jane , Cecere Jacopo G , Rubolini Diego 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAcquiring resources for self-maintenance and reproduction is a key challenge for wild animals, and the methods that individuals employ are, in part, shaped by environmental conditions that vary in time and space. For birds, rainfall may affect behavior, impairing senses and increasing energetic costs, but its consequences on movement patterns are poorly explored. We investigated the influence of rainfall on the foraging behavior of the magnificent frigatebird, Fregata magnificens. This peculiar tropical seabird lacks feather waterproofing and is known to track environmental conditions while searching for food. Thus, its foraging behavior should be highly sensitive to the effects of rainfall. By GPS-tracking chick-rearing adults, we showed that frigatebirds did not avoid areas with rainfall during foraging trips, nor did rainfall influence trip characteristics. However, rainfall decreased time devoted to foraging and increased time spent perching. Moreover, it affected flight mode, inducing birds to fly slower and at lower altitudes. Wind speed, which was not correlated with rainfall, only affected behavior during night-time, with strong winds decreasing time spent perching. Our results indicate that rainfall does not affect the spatial distribution of foraging frigatebirds but does alter fine-scale foraging behavior by reducing flight activity. We suggest that the ongoing environmental change in this region, including an increase in rainfall events, has the potential to impair foraging and negatively affect fitness.
Study on the corrosion of refractory materials by coal blended with the extraction residue of direct coal liquefaction in a simulated gasification atmosphere
Authors: Peng Baozi , Zhao Shixian , Liu Zhen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Utilizing the extraction residue (ER) of direct coal liquefaction residue as a gasification feedstock has significant economic value. But the characteristic of high ash and iron in the ER would increase the risk of corrosion of the refractory materials and affect the long-term operation of the gasifier. In this work, corrosion experiments of molten slag derived from a mixture of 20 wt% ER and 80 wt% coal on a high-chromia refractory brick and SiC brick were carried out using a rotary-drum furnace in a simulated gasification atmosphere. The experimental results show that the viscosity of the poured slag is larger as compared to the initial ash sample at the same temperature, which suggests that the viscosity–temperature relationship of the poured slag should be used as the reference for the operation temperature of the gasifier to ensure that the slag can flow during operation. For a high-chromia refractory brick, iron oxides in molten slag could react with Cr2O3 in the refractory matrix but, because the aggregate was not found to be damaged, the damage to the matrix structure was the key factor for causing the corrosion of the high-chromia refractory brick. Metallic iron was observed in the exposed SiC brick, which indicated that the reaction between the iron oxides in the slag and SiC occurred, forming metallic iron and SiO2. The corrosion of a SiC brick by molten slag depended mainly on the dissolution of Al2O3 particles and the reaction between iron oxides in the molten slag and SiC particles. Therefore, the high iron content in coal ash had a serious influence on the corrosion of refractory materials. More efforts need to be made on coal blended with ER as a gasification feedstock in the future.