bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of the perceptions of family members patients hospitalized in intensive and cardiac care units (CCU and ICU) in regard to the importance of family needs in Golestan University of Medical Sciences 2020
Authors: Izadpanah Asemeh , Kolagari Shohreh , Sabzi Zahra 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
Intensive care units (ICUs) cause double stress and tension in hospitalized patients’ family members. Improving care quality in these wards requires estimating the importance of the families’ needs by the nurses. Therefore, the present research was designed to determine and compare the perceptions of family members of the patients hospitalized in the ICUs and cardiac care units (CCUs) about the importance of family needs and their relationship with some factors in the Golestan University of Medical Sciences, 2020.

Methods:
This was a descriptive-analytical study. Eighty-eight companions of the patients admitted in the ICU and 88 companions of the patients admitted in the CCU were studied by stratified sampling, proportional, and then, available allocation. To analyze the data, Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis, and multivariate analysis of variance in the SPSS 18 statistical software were used (the significance level was 0.05).

Results:
The results revealed that in both the ICUs, the variable “the family relationship of hospitalized patients’ companions” and their needs was found to be significantly different in general. This difference in all dimensions was related to the relationship between the spouse and the patient. Generally, there was no significant difference between the gender of the patient’s companion and the importance of family needs in the CCU ward, but this difference was significant in general and in all dimensions in the ICU ward so that the importance of all the needs was more in the female companions.

Conclusion:
This study proved that the need in the “confidence” dimension is the most important need of the family of patients admitted to the two wards (CCU) and (ICU).
Weight control practices among the Saudi Arabian population during the Covid-19 lockdown
Authors: Alharthi Muffarah H. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
Physical activity appears to be essential to maintain health during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically for those at high risk, because of its advantages mentally as well as physically. This study determines weight control behaviors among the Saudi population during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
The study was a cross-sectional survey of Saudis aged 18–60 and residents in the country during the lockdown period. The study sample was 384 people obtained from the Leslie formula for sample size calculations. The population covered all Saudi regions.

Results:
A total of 397 people responded to the survey. Among these people, 196 (49.4%) were male and 201 (50.6%) were female. The majority of them were urban residents (288; 72.5%). One hundred seventy-five (44.1%) had engaged in healthy behavior for weight control during the COVID-19. Factors that significantly affected these healthy behaviors were gender, employment, and educational level (P value <0.05). During pandemic, certain activities and behaviors were affected (P value < 0.05), including smoking (36; 9.1%), exercising (255; 64.2%), dieting for weight loss (98; 24.7%), dieting for weight maintenance (102; 25.7%), regular dieting before COVID-19 (112; 28.2%), and maintaining exercise after pandemic (194; 48.9%). Other significantly affected healthy behaviors were decreasing food intake (301; 75.8%; P value 0.01) and eating less meat (200; 50.4%; P value 0.00).

Conclusions:
Healthy behavior for weight control during the COVID-19 pandemic was reported by less than half of the study population. Minority (15.6%) engaged in at least one unhealthy or extreme weight loss practice. Healthy behavior was significantly influenced by gender, employment, and educational level.
Mental health orientation among ASHAs
Authors: Mary Kapanee Aruna Rose , Meena K.S. , Nattala Prasanthi , Sudhir Paulomi M. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
The high mental health treatment gap in India, necessitates mental health service delivery through the primary health care system. Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) as frontline community health workers are a key member of the primary health care team. The ASHAs training needs related to mental health, require to be determined in order to accordingly tailor capacity-building programs. In this context, the present study aims to examine the ASHAs mental health orientation utilizing a factorially validated Indian tool.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 91 ASHAs from a taluk of Bengaluru Urban District, responded to the self-administered Orientation towards Mental Illness (OMI) scale. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics viz. frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations.

Results:
The ASHAs reported an overall unfavourable mental health orientation and the specific OMI factors on which unfavourable orientation was observed were Psychosocial stress, Non-restrained behaviour, Weak cognitive control, Fidgety behaviour, Bizarre behaviour, Psychosocial manipulation, and Hypo-functioning.

Conclusion:
The findings of the study suggest that capacity-building programs for ASHAs will need to first examine their orientation to mental health and collaboratively address an unfavourable orientation when present, as it would have a bearing on ASHAs mental health service delivery in the community.
A cross-sectional study on generalized anxiety disorder and its socio-demographic correlates among the general population in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljurbua Faisal I. , Selaihem Ahmed , Alomari Naif A. , Alrashoud Abdualziz M. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is often described than define as a psychological illness that is characterized by excessive worry. Little attention has been given to anxiety disorders by the medical community in Saudi Arabia. This study was carried out to screen for GAD among adults and determine the correlation of anxiety disorder with other comorbidities.

Methodology:
This study was a cross-sectional observational study carried out among adults aged 18 years and above in the general population in Saudi Arabia. The people were screened by using an Arabic validated version of General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire that was sent as a Google link via emails or different social media (Twitter, Facebook, WhatsApp, and Telegram groups) of the general population. The study was approved by the hospital research committee and the Institutional Review Board (HlRI-05-Apr21-01).

Results:
We collected 338 participants in response to our questionnaire where 60.7% of them were females and 54.5% were aged between 25 and 34 years old. hypersensitivity, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) were the main medical conditions represented by 7.6%, 4.8%, 3.7%, and 3.4%. According to GAD-7 questionnaire, prevalence of any degree of anxiety was 62.1% where 33.1% of the total sample had mild anxiety, 15.7% had a moderate degree of anxiety and 13.3% had severe anxiety. Anxiety was related to age, residency, occupation, and some medical conditions.

Conclusion:
We found high prevalence of anxiety among our population which was the highest among younger participants, and students. Moreover, we found that prevalence and severity of anxiety were higher in patients with chronic conditions and depressed patients.
Factors associated with early cessation of exclusive breast feeding among Saudi mothers
Authors: Al Shahrani Abeer Salem , Hushan Hessah Mamdouh , Binjamaan Noura Khalid , Binhuwaimel Wajd Abdulrahman , Alotaibi Jawaher Jazaa , Alrasheed Lama Ali 
Published: November 2021

Context:
World Health Organization recommending initiation of breastfeeding within hour of birth, exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months. In Saudi Arabia, there is a paucity of studies on the factors associated with early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding.

Aims:
We aimed to assess the exclusive breastfeeding rates and to identify the risk factors for early breastfeeding cessation at maternal and institutional levels.

Settings and Design:
A prospective observational study carried out at King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods and Materials:
It included all postpartum women who had given birth to full term, singleton, healthy newborns, and were breastfeeding before discharge. Data were collected before discharge, 2 weeks, and 8 weeks postpartum using an adapted instrument.

Statistical Analysis:
Using JMP14 software with appropriate statistical tests.

Results:
The study included 136 mothers, of whom 37.5% were exclusively breastfeeding in the first 2 weeks; this rate dropped to 19% with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001). Early breastfeeding cessation was significantly associated with maternal age, health status, mother’s knowledge, and attitude, in addition to other modifiable factors that was encountered during hospital stay such as latching difficulties and introduction of formula feeding.

Conclusions:
This study reported low exclusive breastfeeding rates in the first 2 months postpartum among Saudi mothers. Multiple factors were associated with breastfeeding, and some are modifiable. Breastfeeding promotion and support for is a critical role required from healthcare workers in all settings, including primary health care. Healthcare professionals play a major role in promoting, protecting, and supporting exclusive breastfeeding.
Lifestyle changes of attendees at primary health care centers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almutairi Abdulaziz , Kalevaru Chandra Sekhar 
Published: November 2021

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many individuals in the past year through increased mortality, morbidity, and economic disturbances while also affecting individual lifestyles. Healthy lifestyle practices can reduce mortality and morbidity and improve quality of life. We aimed to identify daily lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do so, we examined factors related to family, livelihood, and other associated changes.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among attendees visiting selected primary health care centers of Qassim province. The data was collected through direct interview method, and 365 individuals participated during the study period. Data was entered in SPSS version 21.0, and necessary statistical tests were applied.

Results:
Out of 365 individuals, 27.4% were male and 72.6% were female. There was a drastic decrease in the frequency of in-person shopping (74.2%) and a steep increase in online shopping (41.4%). The mean weight increase was 4.5 (SD = 3.09) kg. Telemedicine use was 43.6%. There was a statistically significant association found between male gender and fear about COVID-19 (P = 0.019).

Conclusions:
We noticed adverse lifestyle changes in the study population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health promotional measures and lifestyle modifications are still required to combat COVID-19.
Traveling with ROSE in EBUS-TBNA – Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Vasugi Gramani Arumugam , Mathivanan Koushik Muthuraja , Rajendiran Swaminathan , Sundaram Sandhya , Ayub Irfan I. 
Published: November 2021

Aims and Objectives:
Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has emerged as a precise modality for tissue sampling of mediastinal and hilar lesions adjacent to the proximal airway. This study aims to determine the diagnostic efficacy, sensitivity, and specificity of rapid-on site evaluation (ROSE) in EBUS-TBNA.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study that included 100 patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA of paratracheal and mediastinal lymph nodes in a tertiary care hospital in South India between March 2018 and March 2020. After the procedure, the diagnostic yield from the nodes sampled was transferred to slides that were stained with rapid hematoxylin and eosin (H and E), and then onsite evaluation was done. The tissue derived was also processed for histopathologic examination in all cases. ROSE was performed to assess sample adequacy and to arrive at a preliminary diagnosis. In patients suspected of tuberculosis, the sample was collected for GeneXpert evaluation as well.

Results:
Of the 100 cases studied, 51 were males and 49 were females. The age distribution was between 3 and 78 years. Forty-seven cases were diagnosed as granulomatous lymphadenitis, 13 as metastatic malignancies, 33 as reactive lymphadenitis, 3 as atypical cells, and 1 case was diagnosed as a cystic lesion. The diagnostic yield was not adequate for evaluation in three cases. Diagnostic yield was obtained in the first two passes where the lymph nodes were more than 2 cm in size. More diagnostic passes were required in lymph nodes less than 2 cm and those located between and adjacent to major vessels. The onsite diagnosis was correlated with the final histopathologic diagnosis.

Conclusion:
ROSE serves as a useful adjunct to reduce procedure time and enhance sample collection and triaging, and reduces the need for further invasive testing.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children among pediatrician in Eastern India
Authors: Sahu Sanjay Kumar , Patnaik Sibabratta , Behera Jyoti Ranjan , Jain Mukesh Kumar , Pathak Mona 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 is a new life-threatening entity whose diagnosis and management warrant awareness and in-depth knowledge. This study intends to estimate the knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward MIS-C among pediatricians of eastern India.

Subjects and Methods:
A descriptive, web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among pediatricians of eastern India between January 1 and March 31, 2021, where they were invited to participate irrespective of their experience in treating COVID-positive children.

Results:
The majority of pediatricians (≥95%) are aware of the terminology MIS-C, its clinical features, presence of raised inflammatory markers, its treatment, and follow-up. Although 75% were aware of the vulnerable age group, only 50% knew the exact timing of occurrence. Fever as a mandatory criterion for diagnosis was known to 62.6%. The majority (75%) agreed that positivity of any of the tests (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, antigen, or antibody) or history of contact with COVID is necessary for diagnosis. Kawasaki Disease and Toxic Shock Syndrome as a common differential diagnosis of MIS-C were agreed upon by 86%. Pediatricians working in COVID hospital were more confident in managing MIS-C than who are not working (72.8% vs. 38.6%). Steroid and intravenous immunoglobulin used as first-line treatment by 94% and 72%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Although the majority of pediatricians are now aware of MIS-C, still there is need for continuing medical education (CME) and interactive sessions with experts, to make them suspect, detect early and manage it more effectively.
Inequality in accessing learning during pandemic crises in developing countries: Reflections from COVID-19-induced online learning at a Kenyan pharmacy school
Authors: Njambi Kihugi Veronica , Mayoka Godfrey Wabwile 
Published: November 2021

Background: Virtual learning platforms gained unprecedented prominence after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Assuring the quality of education and student satisfaction are critical, especially in developing countries often plagued with infrastructural limitations, including information technology.
Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the perceptions of students at a Kenyan Pharmacy School of online learning with regards to affordability and overall effectiveness.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey containing pre-determined questions aligned to achieve the research objectives.
Results: Students in senior classes (Fifth year) viewed online learning more favourably and had fewer challenges with accessibility than students in the lower classes (First year to third year).
Conclusion: The study identified areas of strength, such as convenience, time-efficiency, and self-initiative, as well as weaknesses, including inequitable access, internet connectivity challenges, and unsatisfactory lecturer digital competency, with relation to online learning.
Representación y confección de arquitecturas entretejidas. Aplicación en la enseñanza de geometría
Authors: Casado Rezola Amaia 
Published: November 2021

El artículo pone en valor las arquitecturas entretejidas mostrando la relación directa entre la confección y la representación gráfica arquitectónica. La dificultad de representación de los tejidos o tramas aplicadas a la forma, han limitado su evolución geométrica hasta la llegada de la era digital. Las posibilidades que ofrecen los softwares de modelado están permitiendo solventar dicho hándicap y se puede apreciar como ciertos arquitectos de renombre están pudiendo redescubrir nuevas formas en este tipo de arquitecturas. Estos softwares permiten al alumnado en arquitectura pasar de generar a imprimir en 3D formas geométricas atractivas con facilidad y esto hace que algunas competencias se resientan. Es por ello que se desarrolla una experiencia docente profundizando en la representación y confección de entretejidos. Se trabajan competencias y habilidades tradicionales apoyadas en nuevas tecnologías, permitiendo al alumnado aumentar las capacidades vinculadas al dibujo y a la ideación-confección de arquitecturas con sus propias manos.
60 anos dos Princípios Internacionais de Catalogação: histórico e desenvolvimento
Authors: Braga Gerlaine da Rocha , Silveira Naira Christofoletti 
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Apresentar o contexto e o desenvolvimento dos Princípios Internacionais de Catalogação, que são destinados a orientar a criação e o desenvolvimento de códigos de catalogação, as decisões tomadas pelos catalogadores e as políticas sobre o acesso e o intercâmbio de dados.
Método: Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, utiliza os procedimentos técnicos de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.
Resultado: Apresenta um quadro contextualizando o desenvolvimento dos Princípios Internacionais de Catalogação, auxiliando em sua compreensão e destacando sua importância para o cenário atual de intercâmbio de dados. Entende-se que a Declaração dos Princípios Internacionais de Catalogação possui um papel importante na padronização mundial da representação dos recursos informacionais, entretanto para a sua adoção efetiva é necessário entendê-la como um todo.
Conclusões: O histórico sobre a Declaração dos Princípios Internacionais de Catalogação contextualiza e reafirma o esforço internacional de estabelecer diretrizes comuns a diferentes localidades geográficas e ressalta a importância desses princípios, mesmo após 60 anos de sua primeira publicação.
Lingkungan Belajar di Era New Normal di TK Matuari Werot
Authors: Atuy Ireyne Anggreini , Lolong Zefanya Junike , Situmorang Yehezkiel 
Published: November 2021

Dalam pembelajaran harus diperhatikan lingkungan belajar apalagi di era new normal ini pembelajaran sudah mulai dilakukan tatap muka meskipun masih menggunakan sesi, untuk itu guru harus kembali menyesuaikan lingkungan belajar setelah melewati pembelajaran daring. Guru dituntut agar mampu menata lingkungan dengan efektif. Perlu adanya penataan lingkungan belajar yang sesuai dengan era new normal agar dapat menghasilkan pembelajaran yang efektif, aman serta menyenangkan bagi anak. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui lingkungan belajar yang sesuai dengan era new normal. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara dan observasi kepada guru yang menjadi penata atau pengatur lingkungan belajar di TK Matuari Werot. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa lingkungan belajar di TK Matuari Werot sudah cukup efektif dan fasilitasnya sudah memenuhi kebutuhan sekolah tersebut, hanya saja penataan lingkungan belajar di sekolah itu kurang tepat.
Reduced ice number concentrations in contrails from low-aromatic biofuel blends
Authors: Bräuer Tiziana , Voigt Christiane , Sauer Daniel , Kaufmann Stefan , Hahn Valerian , Scheibe Monika , Schlager Hans , Huber Felix , Le Clercq Patrick , Moore Richard H. , Anderson Bruce E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Sustainable aviation fuels can reduce contrail ice numbers and radiative
forcing by contrail cirrus. We measured apparent ice emission indices for
fuels with varying aromatic content at altitude ranges of 9.1–9.8 and
11.4–11.6 km. Measurement data were collected during the
ECLIF II/NDMAX flight experiment in January 2018. The fuels varied in both
aromatic quantity and type. Between a sustainable aviation fuel blend and a
reference fuel Jet A-1, a maximum reduction in apparent ice emission indices
of 40 % was found. We show vertical ice number and extinction
distributions for three different fuels and calculate representative contrail
optical depths. Optical depths of contrails (0.5–3 min in age) were
reduced by 40 % to 52 % for a sustainable aviation fuel
compared to the reference fuel. Our measurements suggest that sustainable
aviation fuels result in reduced ice particle numbers, extinction
coefficients, optical depth and climate impact from contrails.
Spin noise gradient echoes
Authors: Rodin Victor V. , Ginthör Stephan J. , Bechmann Matthias , Desvaux Hervé , Müller Norbert 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Nuclear spin noise spectroscopy in the absence of radio
frequency pulses was studied under the influence of pulsed field gradients
(PFGs) on pure and mixed liquids. Under conditions where the radiation-damping-induced line broadening is smaller than the gradient-dependent inhomogeneous broadening, echo responses can be observed in difference spectra between experiments employing pulsed field gradient pairs of the same and opposite signs. These observed spin noise gradient echoes (SNGEs) were analyzed through a simple model to describe the effects of transient phenomena. Experiments performed on high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probes demonstrate how refocused spin noise behaves and how it can be exploited to determine sample properties. In bulk liquids and their mixtures, transverse relaxation times and translational diffusion constants can be determined from SNGE spectra recorded following tailored sequences of magnetic field gradient pulses.
Conectados, demasiado conectados. Poder, técnica y virtualización desde el pensamiento de Paul Virilio.
Authors: Mallamaci Marco Germán 
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo problematiza el poder y lo político en la era digital, desde las ideas de Paul Virilio sobre las sociedades cibernéticas y la red virtual de hiperconectividad. Tras una introducción contextual sobre Virilio, se desarrollan los conceptos de tiempo, velocidad, poder y cronopolítica. Luego, se estudia la categoría de cuerpo político y la crítica de Virilio sobre las revoluciones técnicas; finalmente, se sintetizan las relaciones entre el poder, lo político y la digitalidad del siglo XXI.