bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in the utilization and reimbursement of coronary revascularization in the United States Medicare population from 2010 to 2018
Authors: Shah Aakash M. , Siddiqui Emaad , Cuenca Carlos , Drotar Persida , Okoh Alexis K. , Salemi Arash , Waxman Sergio , Sambol Justin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine utilization and reimbursement trends of coronary revascularization procedures in the US Medicare population from 2000 to 2018.BackgroundUS Medicare population is increasing, and coronary revascularization decreased in the 2000s.MethodsThis is a population‐based, cross sectional study of US Medicare beneficiaries from 2010 to 2018. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' database was queried for revascularization procedures using the coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) current procedural terminology (CPT) codes. Trends in Medicare enrollees, PCIs, CABGs, and physician reimbursements were analyzed.ResultsTotal utilization and reimbursement decreased for both revascularization procedures. The national CABG and PCI utilization per enrollee has decreased by 40.7% (best fit line: b coefficient, 95% CI; −0.297, −0.358 to −0.235) and 26.4% (best fit line: −0.229, −0.373 to −0.0858), respectively. For CABG, annual Medicare payout per enrollee and physician compensation per procedure has decreased by 49.3% (best fit line: −0.250, −0.315 to −0.185) and 14.5% (best fit line: −11.54, −15.62 to −7.452), respectively, and for PCI, decreased by 53.3% (best fit line: −0.373, −0.560 to −0.186) and 36.6% (best fit line: −34.15, −49.35 to −18.95), respectively. Amongst the states, there was significant variability in procedure utilization, and CABG reimbursement rates but minimal variability in PCI reimbursement rates.ConclusionEven though the US population has aged, revascularization utilization and reimbursement continue to decline. Advancement in medical intervention strategies, particularly non‐surgical management, may account for these trends. Further understanding of these trends will allow health systems to tailor resources to the aging population.
Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor in advanced basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Amirabadi Amir , Alami Amirhosein , Ahanchian Hamid , Ariaee Nazila , Moazzen Nasrin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCetuximab can be used for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma, especially when the patient cannot tolerate routine chemotherapy. Future studies are needed to confirm it.
A Series of 2‐((1‐Phenyl‐1H‐imidazol‐5‐yl)methyl)‐1H‐indoles as Indoleamine 2,3‐Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) Inhibitors
Authors: Zheng Yong , Stafford Paul M. , Stover Kurt R. , Mohan Darapaneni Chandra , Gupta Mayuri , Keske Eric C. , Schiavini Paolo , Villar Laura , Wu Fan , Kreft Alexander , Thomas Kiersten , Raaphorst Elana , Pasangulapati Jagadeesh P. , Alla Siva R. , Sharma Simmi , Mittapalli Ramana R. , Sagamanova Irina , Johnson Shea L. , Reed Mark A. , Weaver Donald F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIndoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a promising therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy and neurological disease. Thus, searching for highly active inhibitors for use in human cancers is now a focus of widespread research and development efforts. In this study, we report the structure‐based design of 2‐(5‐imidazolyl)indole derivatives, a series of novel IDO1 inhibitors which have been designed and synthesized based on our previous study using N1‐substituted 5‐indoleimidazoles. Among these, we have identified one with a strong IDO1 inhibitory activity (IC50=0.16 μM, EC50=0.3 μM). Structural‐activity relationship (SAR) and computational docking simulations suggest that a hydroxyl group favorably interacts with a proximal Ser167 residue in Pocket A, improving IDO1 inhibitory potency. The brain penetrance of potent compounds was estimated by calculation of the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) Score and Brain Exposure Efficiency (BEE) Score. Many compounds had favorable scores and the two most promising compounds were advanced to a pharmacokinetic study which demonstrated that both compounds were brain penetrant. We have thus discovered a flexible scaffold for brain penetrant IDO1 inhibitors, exemplified by several potent, brain penetrant, agents. With this promising scaffold, we provide herein a basis for further development of brain penetrant IDO1 inhibitors.
Identification of Natural Products as Potential Pharmacological Chaperones for Protein Misfolding Diseases
Authors: Sharma Richa , Srivastava Tulika , Pandey Alka Raj , Mishra Tripti , Gupta Bhagyashri , Reddy Sabbu Sathish , Singh Suriya P. , Narender Tadigoppula , Tripathi Aradhya , Chandramouli Balasubramanian , Sashidhara Koneni V. , Priya Smriti , Kumar Niti 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDefective protein folding and accumulation of misfolded proteins is associated with neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, secretory, and metabolic disorders. Efforts are being made to identify small‐molecule modulators or structural‐correctors for conformationally destabilized proteins implicated in various protein aggregation diseases. Using a metastable‐reporter‐based primary screen, we evaluated pharmacological chaperone activity of a diverse class of natural products. We found that a flavonoid glycoside (C‐10, chrysoeriol‐7‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside) stabilizes metastable proteins, prevents its aggregation, and remodels the oligomers into protease‐sensitive species. Data was corroborated with additional secondary screen with disease‐specific pathogenic protein. In vitro and cell‐based experiments showed that C‐10 inhibits α‐synuclein aggregation which is implicated in synucleinopathies‐related neurodegeneration. C‐10 interferes in its structural transition into β‐sheeted fibrils and mitigates α‐synuclein aggregation‐associated cytotoxic effects. Computational modeling suggests that C‐10 binds to unique sites in α‐synuclein which may interfere in its aggregation amplification. These findings open an avenue for comprehensive SAR development for flavonoid glycosides as pharmacological chaperones for metastable and aggregation‐prone proteins implicated in protein conformational diseases.
Imaging Spontaneous Neuronal Activity with Voltage‐Sensitive Dyes
Authors: Raliski Benjamin K. , Kirk Molly J. , Miller Evan W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAccurately mapping changes in cellular membrane potential across large groups of neurons is crucial for understanding the organization and maintenance of neural circuits. Measuring cellular voltage changes by optical means allows greater spatial resolution than traditional electrophysiology methods and is adaptable to high‐throughput imaging experiments. VoltageFluors, a class of voltage‐sensitive dyes, have recently been used to optically study the spontaneous activity of many neurons simultaneously in dissociated culture. VoltageFluors are particularly useful for experiments investigating differences in excitability and connectivity between neurons at different stages of development and in different disease models. The protocols in this article describe general procedures for preparing dissociated cultures, imaging spontaneous activity in dissociated cultures with VoltageFluors, and analyzing optical spontaneous activity data. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 20 July 2022. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of dissociated rat hippocampal or cortical culturesAlternate Protocol: Preparation of microisland dissociated culturesBasic Protocol 2: Imaging of spontaneous activity in dissociated cultures using voltage‐sensitive dyesBasic Protocol 3: Analysis of spontaneous activity imaging data
Corporate social responsibility antecedents and practices as a path to enhance organizational performance: The case of small and medium sized enterprises in an emerging economy country
Authors: Cheffi Walid , Malesios Chrisovalantis , Abdel‐Maksoud Ahmed , Abdennadher Sonia , Dey Prasanta 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe impact of stakeholders' pressure and business uncertainties on the correlation between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and organizational performance within small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) is under researched. This study aims to derive the correlation of CSR antecedents, CSR practices, stakeholders' pressures, business uncertainties, and organizational performance of SMEs in the UAE. The data was collected through a survey from 117 SMEs in the UAE, and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The study reveals that the level of importance SMEs attach to CSR antecedents influences positively the extent of SMEs involvement with CSR practices; and these, in turn, translate into significant performance outcomes for SMEs. Business uncertainties are proved to moderate both relationships (CSR antecedents‐CSR practices; and CSR practices‐SMEs performance); while stakeholders' pressure is found to have no moderating effect on CSR antecedent‐CSR practices relationship. The proposed framework could be adopted in any economy for enhancing performance through CSR.
Experimental validation of nine‐level switched‐capacitor inverter topology with high voltage gain
Authors: Mohamed Ali Jagabar Sathik , Siddique Marif Daula , Mekhilef Saad , Yang Yongheng , Siwakoti Yam , Blaabjerg Frede 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThis paper proposes a new switched‐capacitor nine‐level (9L) inverter with reduced switch count. In the proposed topology, floating capacitor (FC) is employed as a voltage booster, and it does not need any additional sensors to maintain the voltage across the FC. Due to additional FC, the number of dc sources and voltage stress on switches is reduced. Moreover, the proposed topology can be cascaded to achieve more voltage levels. Various parameters are considered in the comparison of the proposed topology with other recent switched‐capacitor topologies. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the performance with different load and modulation index variations.
VEGF‐C/VEGFR‐3 axis protects against pressure‐overload induced cardiac dysfunction through regulation of lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Lin Qiu‐Yue , Zhang Yun‐Long , Bai Jie , Liu Jin‐Qiu , Li Hui‐Hua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractProlonged pressure overload triggers cardiac hypertrophy and frequently leads to heart failure (HF). Vascular endothelial growth factor‐C (VEGF‐C) and its receptor VEGFR‐3 are components of the central pathway for lymphatic vessel growth (also known as lymphangiogenesis), which has crucial functions in the maintenance of tissue fluid balance and myocardial function after ischemic injury. However, the roles of this pathway in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction during pressure overload remain largely unknown. Eight‐ to 10‐week‐old male wild‐type (WT) mice, VEGFR‐3 knockdown (VEGFR‐3f/−) mice, and their WT littermates (VEGFR‐3f/f) were subjected to pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 1–6 weeks. We found that cardiac lymphangiogenesis and the protein expression of VEGF‐C and VEGFR‐3 were upregulated in the early stage of cardiac hypertrophy but were markedly reduced in failing hearts. Moreover, TAC for 6 weeks significantly reduced cardiac lymphangiogenesis by inhibiting activation of VEGFR‐3‐mediated signals (AKT/ERK1/2, calcineurin A/NFATc1/FOXc2, and CX43), leading to increased cardiac edema, hypertrophy, fibrosis, apoptosis, inflammation, and dysfunction. These effects were further aggravated in VEGFR‐3f/− mice and were dose‐dependently attenuated by delivery of recombinant VEGF‐C156S in WT mice. VEGF‐C156s administration also reversed pre‐established cardiac dysfunction induced by sustained pressure overload. Thus, these results demonstrate, for the first time, that activation of the VEGF‐C‐VEGFR‐3 axis exerts a protective effect during the transition from cardiac hypertrophy to HF and highlight selective stimulation of cardiac lymphangiogenesis as a potential new therapeutic approach for hypertrophic heart diseases.
Outcomes for adults with anorexia nervosa who do not respond early to outpatient treatment
Authors: Wade Tracey , Ambwani Suman , Cardi Valentina , Albano Gaia , Treasure Janet 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo better understand those patients with anorexia nervosa who do not show early response to treatment and are likely to have poorer outcome.MethodFrom an existing data set of 187 patients with anorexia nervosa across 22 eating disorder outpatient services in the United Kingdom, participants who had started treatment and had at least one body mass index (BMI) observation in the first 6 weeks of treatment were eligible for these secondary analyses (N = 65), a latent class analysis of BMI change over the first 6 weeks of treatment. Fifty‐six patients showed no early change in BMI. We used logistic regression to examine predictors of good outcome in the 40 participants who had 12‐month follow‐up data. Predictors included global EDE‐Q, negative affect (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales) and functional impairment (Work and Social Adjustment Scale).ResultsGood outcome was achieved by 23% of patients and remission by 15%. Good outcome was predicted by less functional impairment at baseline.DiscussionFurther work that can identify sub‐groups of patients with anorexia nervosa who do not achieve good outcome after treatment will inform the development of targeted engagement approaches.
Fine‐scale oceanographic drivers of reef manta ray (Mobula alfredi) visitation patterns at a feeding aggregation site
Authors: Harris Joanna L. , Hosegood Phil , Robinson Edward , Embling Clare B. , Hilbourne Simon , Stevens Guy M. W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGlobally, reef manta rays (Mobula alfredi) are in decline and are particularly vulnerable to exploitation and disturbance at aggregation sites. Here, passive acoustic telemetry and a suite of advanced oceanographic technologies were used for the first time to investigate the fine‐scale (5‐min) influence of oceanographic drivers on the visitation patterns of 19 tagged M. alfredi to a feeding aggregation site at Egmont Atoll in the Chagos Archipelago. Boosted regression trees indicate that tag detection probability increased with the intrusion of cold‐water bores propagating up the atoll slope through the narrow lagoon inlet during flood tide, potentially transporting zooplankton from the thermocline. Tag detection probability also increased with warmer near‐surface temperature close to low tide, with near‐surface currents flowing offshore, and with high levels of backscatter (a proxy of zooplankton biomass). These combinations of processes support the proposition that zooplankton carried from the thermocline into the lagoon during the flood may be pumped back out through the narrow inlet during an ebb tide. These conditions provide temporally limited feeding opportunities for M. alfredi, which are tied on the tides. Results also provide some evidence of the presence of Langmuir Circulation, which transports and concentrates zooplankton, and may partly explain why M. alfredi occasionally remained at the feeding location for longer than that two hours. Identification of these correlations provides unique insight into the dynamic synthesis of fine‐scale oceanographic processes which are likely to influence the foraging ecology of M. alfredi at Egmont Atoll, and elsewhere throughout their range.
Hagenia from the early Miocene of Ethiopia: Evidence for possible niche evolution?
Authors: Grímsson Friðgeir , Ulrich Silvia , Coiro Mario , Graham Shirley A. , Jacobs Bonnie F. , Currano Ellen D. , Xafis Alexandros , Zetter Reinhard 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFossil pollen believed to be related to extant Hagenia abyssinica were discovered in the early Miocene (21.73 Ma) Mush Valley paleoflora, Ethiopia, Africa. Both the fossil and extant pollen grains of H. abyssinica were examined with combined light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy to compare the pollen and establish their relationships. Based on this, the fossil pollen grains were attributed to Hagenia. The presence of Hagenia in the fossil assemblage raises the questions if its habitat has changed over time, and if the plants are/were wind pollinated. To shed light on these questions, the morphology of extant anthers was also studied, revealing specialized hairs inside the anthers, believed to aid in insect pollination. Pollen and anther morphology are discussed in relation to the age and origin of the genus within a molecular dated phylogenetic framework, the establishment of complex topography in East Africa, other evidence regarding pollination modes, and the palynological record. The evidence presented herein, and compiled from the literature, suggests that Hagenia was an insect‐pollinated lowland rainforest element during the early Miocene of the Mush Valley. The current Afromontane habitat and ambophilous (insect and wind) pollination must have evolved in post‐mid‐Miocene times.
Tree mortality in western U.S. forests forecasted using forest inventory and Random Forest classification
Authors: McNellis Brandon E. , Smith Alistair M. S. , Hudak Andrew T. , Strand Eva K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractClimate change is projected to significantly affect the vulnerability of forests across the western United States to wildfires, insects, disease, and droughts. Here, we provide recent mortality estimates for large trees for 53 species across 48 ecological sections using an analysis of 23,215 Forest Inventory plots and a Random Forest classification model. Models were also used to predict mortality in future FIA inventories under the RCP 4.5 emissions scenario. Model performance indicated species identity as the most important predictor of mortality under both current and future scenarios, with contributions from climate and soil variables. Our results show relatively high levels of recent mortality in the Middle and Southern Rocky Mountains driven by high mortality in Populus tremuloides, Pinus contorta, Pinus albicaulis, and Abies lasiocarpa. Low levels of mortality were observed in several species, with <1% annual mortality observed throughout all other sections. Future mortality was predicted to increase significantly for most species and correlated well with recent mortality at the species level, but not at the plot level. These results suggest that future attempts to model or predict widespread forest mortality would benefit from more research on vulnerable species and that significant mortality events in some species may not be important for dynamics across all systems.
Seasonal variation in habitat selection for a Neotropical migratory songbird using high‐resolution GPS tracking
Authors: Stanley Calandra Q. , Dudash Michele R. , Ryder Thomas B. , Shriver W. Gregory , Serno Kimberly , Adalsteinsson Solny , Marra Peter P. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDeciphering how environmental heterogeneity affects population dynamics in migratory species is complicated by the redistribution of individuals in time and space across the annual cycle. Approaches that tackle this problem require information about how migratory species respond to ecological factors across time and space, and how they are linked across migratory periods. Using high spatial resolution (10 m) GPS tracking of individual male songbirds, we quantified for the first time (1) local‐ and landscape‐scale habitat selection across the annual cycle and (2) patterns indicative of regional habitat selection for individuals within five populations of wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) throughout their breeding range. Wood thrush exhibited seasonal variation in local‐ and landscape‐scale habitat selection. Within stationary periods, wood thrush occupied forested habitats and proximity to forest edge was an important predictor of habitat selection at the local scale. In contrast, during migratory periods wood thrush exhibited greater behavioral flexibility indicative of a more generalist approach to habitat selection. Landscape habitat selection was only identified during the breeding season (average patch size) and could be a response to the extensive forest fragmentation in the North American breeding grounds. We also identified individual population distribution patterns indicative of regional habitat selection during fall migration and winter period, but not spring migration. Seasonal changes in habitat selection at multiple spatial scales suggest the factors driving habitat selection patterns are aligned with life‐history stage and may be dependent on regional differences in landscape composition. These results highlight the importance of a full annual cycle approach to ecological studies that address how migratory species respond to spatial and temporal environmental heterogeneity.
The social learning potential of participatory water valuation workshops: A case study in Tasmania, Australia
Authors: Nikkels Melle J. , Leith Peat , Kumar Saideepa , Mendham Neville , Dewulf Art 
Published: March 2021

AbstractParticipatory water valuation workshops are useful for their valuation outcomes, but can they also foster social learning? Social learning involves changes in understanding through social interactions between actors, which go beyond the individual to become situated within wider social units. Participatory water valuation workshops involve dialoguing about knowledge, perspectives, and preferences, which may be conducive to social learning. In this paper, we assess the social learning potential of a participatory valuation workshop, based on a case study in Tasmania, where farmers, water managers, and a policy maker shared their personal perspectives on the past, current and future values of irrigation water. To assess the social learning potential of a single participatory valuation workshop, we analyzed drivers—that is, factors positively influencing social learning—and outcomes—that is, indications that social learning occurred. Data were collected through an exit survey, in‐workshop reflections and semistructured interviews following 3 weeks and 6 months after the actual workshop. The results indicate that the workshop provided the drivers for social learning to occur. In addition, participants indicated to have learned from and with others, and that the workshop provided improved and extended networks. According to the participants, the workshop led to a shared concern about increasing prices for water licences and induced substantive outcomes related to the use, management, and governance of irrigation water. We conclude that participatory valuation workshops, such as the one analyzed here, can foster social learning.
Expanding frontiers in telehealth: Video assisted at‐home application of capsaicin 8% patch
Authors: Shaparin Naum , Nair Singh , Vydyanathan Amaresh , Hascalovici Jacob R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the delivery of health services has undergone a major paradigm shift towards expanded outpatient services and widespread use of telemedicine. Post‐herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a treatment recalcitrant neuropathic pain condition referring to pain persisting more than three months from the initial onset of an acute herpes zoster. QUTENZA® (capsaicin 8% patch) is a single 1‐hr localized treatment for PHN and can provide several months of pain relief per application. However, patient access to capsaicin 8% patch is limited due to sensitive handling protocols that require the patch application to occur under physicians or healthcare professionals under the close supervision of a physician. Herein, we describe a successful treatment of PHN at‐home, using capsaicin 8% patch, performed under full supervision and instruction from a physician using video telehealth services.SignificanceThis is a case report of the successful treatment of post‐herpetic neuralgia at‐home using Capsaicin 8% patch. The procedure was performed under full supervision and instruction from a physician using video telehealth services. Not only did the patient tolerate the procedure and have significant efficacy, she voiced preference to repeat treatment in this manner versus going back to the office.