bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functionalization of Screw Implants with Superelastic Structured Nitinol Anchoring Elements
Authors: Hamann Isabell , Schleifenbaum Stefan , Rotsch Christian , Drossel Welf-Guntram , Heyde Christoph-Eckhard , Leimert Mario 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Demographic change is leading to a increase in the number of osteoporotic patients, so that a rethink is required in implantology in order to be able to guarantee adequate anchoring stability in the bone. The functional modification of conventional standard screw implants by the use of superelastic, structured Ti6Al4V anchoring elements promises great potential for increasing anchoring stability. For this purpose, conventional screw implants were mechanically machined and extended so that structured-superelastic-positionable-Ti6Al4V anchoring elements could be used. The set-up of the anchoring elements was investigated in CT studies in an artificial bone. In a subsequent handling test, the handling of the function samples was evaluated under surgical conditions. The anchorage stability to standard screw implants was investigated in a final pull-out test according to "ASTM F543".The functionalization of conventional screw implants with structured superelastic Ti6Al4V anchoring elements is technically realizable. It has been demonstrated that the anchoring elements can be set up in the artificial bone without any problems. The anchorage mechanism is easy to handle under operating conditions and the anchoring elements have no negative impact on the surgical procedure. It was shown that, compared to conventional standard screws, more mechanical work is required to remove the functional patterns completely from the bone.In summary, it was shown that conventional standard screw implants can be functionalized with Ti6Al4V structured NiTi anchoring elements and are suitable for orthopedic and neurosurgical use. A first biomechanical test showed that the anchoring stability can be increased by the anchoring elements.
The Modified NUTRIC score (mNUTRIC) is Associated with Increased 28-day Mortality in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: Internal Validation of a Prediction Model.
Authors: Leoni Matteo Luigi Giuseppe , Moschini Elisa , Beretta Maurizio , Zanello Marco , Nolli Massimo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHigh prevalence of malnutrition was found in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The modified Nutrition Risk in the Critically ill (mNUTRIC) score is frequently used for nutritional risk assessment in intensive care unit (ICU) COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mNUTRIC score to predict 28-day mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU. Methods A cohort of consecutive COVID-19 critically ill patients admitted to ICU was retrospectively evaluated and the nutritional risk was assessed with the use of mNUTRIC score. A multivariable Cox regression model to predict 28-day mortality was therefore developed including the mNUTRIC as a covariate. Internal validation was performed using the bootstrap resampling technique to reduce possible bias in the estimated risks. The performance of the prediction model was assessed via calibration and discrimination. ResultsA total of 98 critically ill COVID-19 patients with a median age of 66 years (56-73 IQR), 81 (82.7%) males were included in this study. A high nutritional risk (mNUTRIC ≥5 points) was observed in 41.8% of our critically ill COVID-19 patients while a low nutritional risk (mNUTRIC <5 points) was observed in 58.2%. Forty-five patients (45.9%) died within 28 days after ICU admission. In multivariable model after internal validation, mNUTRIC ≥5 (optimism adjusted HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.08-5.25, p=0.02) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein values (CRP) (optimism adjusted HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.07, p=0.005) were independent predictors of 28-day mortality. ConclusionsA high prevalence of malnutrition as revealed by mNUTRIC was found in our critically ill COVID-19 patients once admitted in ICU. After adjustment for covariables, mNUTRIC ≥5 and CRP levels were independently associated with 28-day mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The final model revealed good discrimination and calibration. Nutritional risk assessment is essential for the management of critically ill COVID-19 patients as well as for outcome prediction.
Adaptive hypermedia system in times of COVID-19: Application in Management Accounting course 1 at the University of Havana.
Authors: López Carlos Javier Mas , Vidal Inés María González , Balmaseda Gissell Labrada 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
New trends in higher education, accentuated by the global COVID19 pandemic, visualize the need for more flexible virtual courses. The Faculty of Accounting and Finance of the University of Havana, analyzes new technological configurations that facilitate the personalization of the educational process. In this context, this work aims to design an adaptive hypermedia system prototype applied to the Management Accounting 1 course at the University of Havana to guarantee the delivery, distribution, and variety of learning content to students in a personalized way. An empirical research supported by an experimental method is presented, with a sample of 94 students, a Control Group made up of 41 students and an Experimental Group made up of 53 students; Descriptive statistics and the Pareto principle support the results. It is concluded that, 1. The personalization of the educational process through the application of adaptive techniques leads to academic success at an individual and group level, in this sense, the Experimental group only needed a final exam session compared to the three calls of the group of control; 2. Need to continue investigating new adaptation criteria, in this sense, the mean scores obtained by the Experimental group did not have a significant increase in relation to that of the Control group. This work also contributes to visualizing educational equity referring to the capacity of the educational system to offer special supports that guarantee that educational objectives are achieved in a broader dimension; innovation is related to technologies and new strategies to optimize online educational processes.
Prenatal Prediction of Neonatal Respiratory Morbidity: A Radiomics Method Based on Imbalanced Few-Shot Fetal Lung Ultrasound Images
Authors: Jiao Jing , Du Yanran , Li Xiaokang , Guo Yi , Ren Yunyun , Wang Yuanyuan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: To develop a non-invasive method for the prenatal prediction of neonatal respiratory morbidity (NRM) by a novel radiomics method based on imbalanced few-shot fetal lung ultrasound images.Methods: A total of 210 fetal lung ultrasound images were enrolled in this study, including 159 normal newborns and 51 NRM newborns. Fetal lungs were delineated as the region of interest (ROI), where radiomics features were designed and extracted. Integrating radiomics features selected and two clinical features, including gestational age (GA) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the prediction model was developed and evaluated. The modelling methods used were data augmentation, cost-sensitive learning, and ensemble learning. Furthermore, two methods, which embed data balancing into ensemble learning, were employed to address the problems of imbalance and few-shot simultaneously.Results: Our model achieved sensitivity values of 0.82, specificity values of 0.84, accuracy values of 0.84 and area under the curve values of 0.87 in the test set. The radiomics features extracted from the ROIs at different locations within the lung region achieved similar classification performance outcomes.Conclusion: The feature set we designed can efficiently and robustly describe fetal lungs for NRM prediction. RUSBoost shows excellent performance compared to state-of-the-art classifiers on the imbalanced few-shot dataset. The diagnostic efficacy of the model we developed is similar to that of several previous reports of amniocentesis and can serve as a non-invasive, precise evaluation tool for NRM prediction.
Transition From Face-to-Face to Online Instruction During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploration of Iranian EFL University Lecturers’ Attitudes
Authors: Azizpour Shiva 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a huge challenge that has influenced university lecturers and students globally and led to a rapid transition from face-to-face to online instruction. The current qualitative study explored the Iranian EFL university lecturers’ attitudes toward online instruction during the COVID-19 outbreak. Based on a researcher-developed protocol, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 university lecturers from Karaj and Science and Research Branches of Islamic Azad University, in Karaj and Tehran, Iran, whose teaching experiences ranged from 7 to 27 years, with the purpose of identifying their attitudes, experiences, and challenges regarding online instruction during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The interviews drew upon emergent methodology to categorize the interviewees’ value-laden comments into four major attitudinal themes, namely, change in pedagogy, supporting students, ethics in online instruction, and the future of online instruction. The findings revealed that Iranian EFL university lecturers require professional training on the latest technology updates for online instruction and should make their online classes interactive to help their students stay focused on the course and minimize the sense of isolation. Besides, the adequacy of technological infrastructure and free internet access could facilitate online instruction during the COVID-19 outbreak. Therefore, universities and educational organizations are expected to promote the infrastructure and provide a variety of internet access alternatives. Moreover, after this global pandemic, when normal classes resume, university lecturers and students should be encouraged to continue using online tools to develop teaching and learning.
Self-medication with antibiotics and knowledge about antibiotic resistance among nursing practitioners at a tertiary hospital in Northern Ghana: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Issaka Ismael Niadawe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Antimicrobial resistance attributed to self-medication with antibiotics is a growing global health concern. Even among health-aware subgroups including medical and nursing practitioners, the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics remains high. In Ghana, the extent of self-medication with antibiotics among health professionals is not yet fully known. This study draws from a primary cross-sectional study within a tertiary medical facility in Ghana to provide a first estimate of the proportion of nurses who had self-medicated with antibiotics within the last 12 months or longer at the time of the study. The primary study investigated associations between self-medication with antibiotics and socio-demographics, knowledge levels, perceived susceptibility, and perceived severity regarding antibiotic resistance- related conditions.
Methods

Cross-sectional survey design supported by a pre-tested, standardized, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data among 170 nurses. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse variable distributions. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariable analysis. A level of p < .05 was considered significant. IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used for data analysis.
Results

77.1% of study participants recalled having practised self-medication with antibiotics within the last 12 months and longer. 72.9% of respondents obtained antibiotics from the medical store or pharmacy. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, years of work ≤ 5 years (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.061–0.708), knowledge of antibiotic resistance (OR = 0.178, 95% CI: 0.060–0.528), and high perceived personal severity of a disease related to antibiotic resistance (OR = 0.128, 95% CI: 0.046–0.357) were found significantly associated with the practice of self-medication with antibiotics.
Conclusion

To curb inappropriate use of antibiotics that increases the risk of antibiotic resistance, there is the need to promote education among nurses and stronger enforcement of laws which forbid sales without prescription.
Effect of Hydroxychloroquine on Lipid Levels: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis
Authors: Simental-Mendía Luis E. , Simental-Mendía Mario , Sánchez-García Adriana , Linden-Torres Enrique 
Published: June 2021

Background:
It has been suggested that hydroxychloroquine may have positive effects on LDL-C,
HDL-C, and triglyceride levels; however, the hypolipidemic activities of this drug are still uncertain.

Objective:
The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was to explore the effect of hydroxychloroquine
on circulating lipid concentrations.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials examining the impact of hydroxychloroquine on lipid parameters were
searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Meta-analysis was performed using
a random-effects model and sensitivity analysis through the leave one-out method.

Results:
Meta-analysis showed that patients receiving hydroxychloroquine therapy significantly decreased total
cholesterol (WMD: 0.18 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.28, -0.08, I2 = 6%, p = 0.0004), LDL-C (WMD: -0.21 mmol/L,
95% CI: -0.36, -0.06, I2 = 75%, p = 0.006), triglycerides (WMD: -0.09 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.15, -0.04, I2 = 22%,
p = 0.001), and non-HDL-C (WMD: -0.28 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.45, -0.12, I2 = 0%, p = 0.0009), and increased
HDL-C concentrations (WMD: 0.03 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.06, I2 = 0%, p = 0.03).

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that hydroxychloroquine improves lipid parameters by reducing total cholesterol,
LDL-C, triglycerides, non-HDL-C, and increasing HDL-C levels.
The Role of Lectin as Potential Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Oinam Sangita Devi , Senjam Sunil Sing , Kamei Rana , Hanjabam Joykishan Sharma 
Published: June 2021

Abstract:
Lectin acts as an effective tool for screening potential biomarkers and gives an indication of highly valued research. Lectin offers the advantage of having the ability to recognize carbohydrate moiety of glycoprotein, peptidoglycan, glycosides, glycopeptides, lipopolysaccharide etc. makes powerful aid in detecting new cancer biomarkers in most complex tissues and fluids. The unique specificity of lectin in detecting single out anomalously expressed glycosylation pave lectin-based method that can often go down the line for future cancer biomarkers. This article explores the different types of lectin, their sources and possible application in masking the activity of ovarian cancer cells.
Assessment of Once Daily Controlled-release Ibuprofen Matrix Tablets
Prepared using Eudragit ®E100/Carbopol® 971P NF Polymers and their
Salt Combinations
Authors: Obeidat Wasfy M. , Al-Natour Mohammad Ahmad 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Hydrophilic polymers that swell or dissolve in aqueous media can have
the potential to prepare controlled/sustained dosage forms for weakly acidic and poorly soluble
drugs.

Objective:
The main objective of this study is to utilize Eudragit®E100 (EE) and Carbopol®971P
NF (Cp) polymers and their salt forms for the preparation of a once-daily controlled-release matrix
tablet for model drug, Ibuprofen (IB).

Methods:
Combinations of the polymers in their base forms (EE)/(Cp) or in their salt forms (EEHCl/
CpNa) were compressed with (IB) into single layer matrix tablets, or otherwise into bilayer
tablets. Dissolution profiles were constructed using three different consecutive stages (pH 1.2, 4.8
and 6.8).

Result:
It was found that the incorporation of (EEHCl) modified the release rates of (IB) from
(Cp) based matrix tablets. However, a major enhancement of (IB) release rates occurred when the
polymers were combined in their salt forms in a 1:1 ratio by weight. In addition, a bilayer tablet
was prepared wherein a relatively rapidly disintegrating layer composed of polymers salts (EEHCl
and CpNa), and a second layer containing only (Cp) polymer in its base form in a 1:2 weight ratio
possessed excellent release properties and mechanical strength.

Conclusion:
It was concluded that the prepared bilayer tablet could be promising for controlling
the release rates of (IB) in an extended manner to allow once-daily administration with an improved
pH-independent release behavior.
Analytical Methodologies for Determination of Hydroxychloroquine and its Metabolites in Pharmaceutical, Biological and Environmental Samples
Authors: Kumar Bhupinder , Pannu Sumit , Akhtar Md. Jawaid 
Published: June 2021

Background:Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was originally launched as an antimalarial drug, but now it is also used as a slow-acting anti-rheumatic drug. It contains equal proportions of (-)-(R)-hydroxychloroquine and (+)-(S)-hydroxychloroquine.Introduction:Hydroxychloroquine, a synthetic 4-aminoquinoline derivative, possesses antimalarial, anti-rheumatic activity and also exerts beneficial effects on lupus erythematous disease. Substantial levels of three metabolites of HCQ, which are desethylchloroquine (DCQ), bisdesethylhydroxychloroquine (BDCQ), and desethylhydroxychloroquine (DHCQ), have been determined by various analytical techniques from blood and plasma.Methods:Various analytical techniques have been reported for asynchronous and simultaneous estimation of HCQ and their metabolites in pharmaceuticals and biological samples like (serum, whole blood, and urine). The analytical techniques are Square-wave voltammetry employed with the cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode, fast UHPLC–fluorescent method, UV spectrophotometry, UHPLC-UV analysis, RP-HPLC, mass spectrometry, NMR, and CE.Results:We have complied various analytical methods to detect HCQ with its various metabolites simultaneously or alone in pharmaceutical dosage forms, biological and environmental samples.Conclusion:The authors believe that the above-mentioned studies compiled in this report will give a choice to readers to select the most appropriate and suitable method for the analysis of HCQ. Further, it is also believed that this study will help the researchers to develop a more sensitive, convenient, and rapid method for these based on literature reports.
Mechanism of Actions of Dexamethasone Against COVID-19 Predicted by Alpha Shape Analysis of Binding Sites
Authors: Zhu Mengxu , Ghosh Avirup , Yan Hong 
Published: June 2021

Background:
COVID-19 emerged in late 2019 and became a pandemic disease with severe
mortality and morbidity. No specific remedy exists at present, but some drugs, such as Dexamethasone,
have shown clinical benefits against the causative agent, the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Objective:
To analyze the binding affinity between drugs and an SARS-CoV-2 protein through geometrical
methods and to study the theoretical effectiveness of Dexamethasone as a potential treatment
for COVID-19.

Method:
The binding affinity of Dexamethasone to the target SARS-CoV-2 protein was compared
with those of different inhibitors. Drug molecules were docked to the SARS-CoV-2 main protease,
and the system was simulated by molecular dynamics, allowing alpha shape analysis to extract geometrical
features, such as the matching rates of atoms, solid angles, and the distances between atoms
at interfaces. Binding affinities between drugs and the main protease were assessed by these
geometrical data and the free energy of binding.

Results:
The behaviour of Dexamethasone was similar to other inhibitors. The efficacy of Dexamethasone
as a treatment may be due to it being a glucocorticoid and its properties as a potent inhibitor.

Conclusion:
This study revealed the mechanism of action of Dexamethasone and provided a geometrical
method to distinguish among potential drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.
Protective Effect of Capparis spinosa Extract against Focal Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Rakhshandeh Hassan , Asgharzade Samira , Khorrami Mohammad Bagher , Forouzanfar Fatemeh 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Ischemic stroke is a serious public health problem. Despite extensive researches
focusing on the area, little is known about novel treatments.

Objective:
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Capparis spinosa (C. spinosa) extract
in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemic stroke.

Methods:
Wistar rats underwent 30-min MCAO-induced brain ischemia followed by 24 h of
reperfusion. C. spinose was administrated orally once a day for 7 days before the induction of
MCAO. The neurologic outcome, infarct volume (TTC staining), histological examination, and
markers of oxidative stress, including total thiol content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels,
were measured 24hr. after the termination of MCAO.

Results:
Pretreatment with C. spinosa reduced neurological deficit score, histopathological alterations,
and infarct volume in treated groups compared to the stroke group. Furthermore, pretreatment
with C. spinosa extract significantly reduced the level of MDA with concomitant increases
in the levels of thiol in the brain tissues compared to the stroke group.

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrates that C. spinosa extract effectively protects MCAO injury
through the attenuation or the suppression of the oxidative stress.
Analisis penerapan layanan Sapa Pustakawan di Perpustakaan IAIN Kudus
Authors: Buwana Radiya Wira 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. IAIN Kudus Library has a plan to implement Sapa Pustakawan service as part of an information retrieval service to support reference services in satisfying users’ the information needs.. This study examines the concept of the service that planned to be applied at IAIN Kudus Library.
Data Collection Methods. This paper used a descriptive qualitative approach by using interviews supporting by document studies.
Data Analysis. The data from the interviews with the head of the IAIN Kudus Library and librarians of IAIN Kudus Library about the Sapa Pustakawan services were analysed by involving related references and theories to obtain several concepts.
Results and Discussions. The results indicate that in order to implement Sapa Pustakawan, the library manager needs to pay attention to some aspects namely place, product, human resources (librarian), and promotion.
Conclusion. The study shows that Sapa Pustakawan plays a signifincat role in helping users for reference services including anti-plagiarism by implementing those aformentioned aspects.
Tinjauan sistematis tentang preservasi warisan musik
Authors: Pramudyo Gani Nur , Salim Tamara Adriani 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The awareness of musical heritage shows an effort of preservation that performed by composers, musicians, performers, archivists, conservators, local society, community archivists, and government.
Data Collection Methods. The paper used a systematic review method with a qualitative approach represented by literature from Taylor & Francis database.
Data Analysis. A multi-stage exclusion process showed nine articles for further review. An analytical grid/chart was used to systematize the most relevant information of the selected articles. A tree illustration (including roots, trunk, and leaves) was used to represent the main idea of each article.
Results and Discussion. The raised awareness of the importance of preservation can be supported by creating the music projects, promoting music for tourism, and music repackaging. We categorize seveal aspects of preserving heritage music such as 1) understanding the integrity of the original trace and media, 2) combining prescriptive & descriptive documentation 3) musical repackaging method, and 4) using Art Glove device.
Conclusion. A synthesis of proposals was developed to illustrate the musical heritage preservation that represents ideas of selected articles that have been reviewed. In addition, this study also allows the researchers to identify gaps in the literature and research directions.