bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dollar value of disability-adjusted life years in South Africa in 2019
Authors: Senkubuge Flavia , Hongoro Charles , Muthuri Kirigia Joses 
Published: September 2021

Background To date, no study has estimated the dollar value of DALYs lost from a wide range of diseases and conditions in South Africa. The specific objectives of this study were: (a) to estimate the dollar value of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost in South Africa in 2019, and (b) to forecast the reductions in the dollar value of DALY losses assuming the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) five disease-specific targets are attained by 2030. Methods The study employs the human capital approach to convert the DALYs lost from all causes into their International Dollar (Int$) equivalents. The DALYs data used in the analysis was from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) Database, per capita GDP data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Database, and current health expenditure per person from the Global Health Expenditure Database of the World Health Organization (WHO). Results South Africa lost 26.6 million DALYs in 2019 with a total value of Int$ 313.5 billion and an average value of Int$ 11,791.6 per DALY. Approximately Int$ 155.6 billion (50%) was attributed to communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases (CMNND); Int$ 120.4 billion (38%) to non-communicable diseases (NCD); and Int$ 37.4 billion (12%) to injuries (INJ). The health conditions related to SDG3 targets 3.1 (maternal mortality), 3.2 (neonatal mortality), 3.3 (CMNND), 3.4 (NCD) and 3.6 (INJ) resulted in DALY losses with a value of 256.4 billion, i.e. 82% of the total monetary value of DALYs lost in 2019. Therefore, achieving the five SDG targets would potentially save South Africa Int$ 139.7 billion per year. Conclusions Health development policy-makers should employ this type of evidence when making a case for increased investments into the national health-related systems to bridge the extant gap in the universal health service coverage index for South Africa.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE MAKE A MATCH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PEKERJAAN DASAR OTOMOTIF SISWA SMK COKROAMINOTO KOTAMOBAGU
Authors: Fernando farses jamco Fernando , Sumarauw Hendrik , Mapaliey Davidsen , Ratag Lenie 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Education comes from the word learn which means to train and shape someone to be better. Education is important for every human being for the provision of advancing the level of welfare. This study aims to determine the effect of cooperative learning type make a match students of SMK COKROAMINOTO KOTAMUBAGU. The method in this research is pretest-posttest experimental class. The number of respondents in this study was 27 students who were selected using a total sampling technique. The results of data analysis using the normality statistical test of the Test whit a level of trust (α = 0.05) obtained a probability value = 0.000. From the results of statistical tests, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of cooperative learning type make a match for students of SMK COKROAMINOTO KOTAMUBAGU.

Keywords: Cooperative learning model make a match type
Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Berbasis Multimedia
Authors: Suru Rico , Liow Herdy , Kewas Jemmy , Maukar Denny 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Modul pembelajaran berbasis multimedia pada mata pelajaran sistem pendingin di kelas X teknik pendingin. Media pembelajaran ini diharapkan menjadi layak dan memudahkan siswa menyerap materi kemudian menerapkannya.
Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) menggunakan metode ADDIE ( Analysis, Design, Development and implementation, Evaluation). Adapun prosedur pengembangan modul pembelajaran melalui tahap-tahap berikut : (1) identifikasi potensi dan masalah, (2) pengumpulan bahan, (3) desain produk, (4) pembuatan produk, (5) validasi ahli materi dan media, (6) revisi produk, (7) produk akhir, (8) uji coba produk. Setelah dilakukan uji coba produk di kelas X SMK NEGERI 5 Bitung maka peneliti mengambil kesimpulan bahwa modul pembelajaran berbasis multimedia mata pelajaran sistem pendingin yang telah di kembangkan, layar digunakan pada proses belajar mengajar dan telah sesuai konsep pengembangan produk dan dari hasil uji coba yang telah dilakukan aplikasi ini telah berjalan berdasarkan tujuan pengembangan dan tidak terdapat kesalahan yang terjadi saat pengoprasian aplikasi.
Kata kunci : Pengembangan Modul, teknik Pendingin, R&D (Research & Development).
Evaluating uncertainty of some radiation measurand using Monte Carlo method
Authors: Bui Duc Ky , Nguyen Ngoc Quynh , Duong Duc Thang , Le Ngoc Thiem , Ho Quang Tuan , Tran Thanh Ha , Bui Thi Anh Duong , Nguyen Huu Quyet , Duong Van Trieu 
Published: September 2021

Evaluating measurement uncertainty of a physical quantity is a mandatory requirement for laboratories within the recognition ISO/IEC 17025 certification to access reliability of measured results. In this work, the uncertainty of ionizing radiation measurements such as air-kerma, personal dose equivalent Hp(d) was evaluated based on GUM method and Monte Carlo method. An uncertainty propagation software has been developed for evaluation of the measurement uncertainty more convenient.
Análisis de las desventajas socio-habitacionales: el caso de los barrios del Zaidín (Granada) y Cerro del Águila (Sevilla)
Authors: Egea Jiménez Carmen , Nieto Calmaestra José Antonio , del Valle Ramos Carolina 
Published: September 2021

La investigación trata sobre dos barrios de dos ciudades andaluzas (Zaidín, Granada y Cerro del Águila, Sevilla) que presentan rasgos urbanos similares: un origen obrero, una localización periférica en la ciudad y cierta complejidad interna en su configuración urbanística y social. El objetivo es analizar esa complejidad bajo la premisa de que las desigualdades tienen múltiples caras marcadas por las desventajas socio-habitacionales en las que se encuentran sus habitantes. Así, el mismo concepto de desigualdad y otros como desventajas son conceptos complejos de analizar.La información utilizada es la del Catastro de Urbana, los Censos de Población y Viviendas (1991, 2001 y 2011), el Padrón de Habitantes, Renta Familiar y la Encuesta sobre Condiciones Sociales y Habitacionales de la Población en las Grandes Ciudades de Andalucía (2015); así como los resultados de dos proyectos previos sobre las condiciones socio-habitacionales de la población en Andalucía.
The research is about two neighborhoods in two Andalusian cities (Zaidín, Granada and Cerro del Águila, Sevilla) that have similar urban features: a worker's origin, a peripheral location and some internal complexity in its urban and social configuration. The objective is to analyze this complexity under the premise that inequalities have multiple faces marked by the socio-housing disadvantages in which their inhabitants are. Thus, the same concept of inequality and others as disadvantages are complex concepts to analyze.The information used for the analysis comes from several sources: Urban Cadastre, Population and Housing Censuses (1991, 2001 and 2011), Population List, Family Income and the Survey on Social and Housing Conditions of the Population in the Big Cities of Andalusia (2015); as well as the results of two previous projects on the socio-housing conditions of the population in this region.
Urbanização de favelas: impacto das interrupções na vida de seus moradores
Authors: Souza Cintia S. , Samora Patricia R. 
Published: September 2021

A pesquisa averigua as constantes interrupções na implementação de programas habitacionais e urbanos e como essas descontinuidades afetam a realidade da população. Observa-se a ocorrência de equívocos na implementação dos empreendimentos sem considerar a qualidade e a efetividade das intervenções. A ineficiência das políticas públicas cria no imaginário dos mais pobres a ilusão de que é possível conquistar a moradia por seus próprios meios, particularizando uma questão que não pode ser equacionada sem o comprometimento do Estado. Essa investigação tem como base a Vila Parolin, assentamento precário localizado na região central de Curitiba, Paraná. O estudo fundamenta-se em relatos de moradores, documentos oficiais dos órgãos públicos e textos teóricos. Avalia-se o impacto de ações habitacionais nos assentamentos precários, como o poder público dialoga com a população e se contribui para coibir ou fomentar a transformação desses empreendimentos em espaços de segregação urbana e vulnerabilidade social.
The research investigates the constant interruptions in the implementation of housing and urban programs and how these discontinuities affect the reality of the population. It is observed the occurrence of mistakes in the implementation of the undertakings without considering the quality and effectiveness of the interventions. The inefficiency of public policies creates in the imagination of the poorest the illusion that it is possible to win housing by their own means, particularizing an issue that cannot be solved without the commitment of the State. This investigation is based on Vila Parolin, a precarious settlement located in the central region of Curitiba, Paraná. The study is based on reports from residents, official documents from public agencies and theoretical texts. The impact of housing actions on precarious settlements is assessed, as the public power dialogues with the population and contributes to curb or promote the transformation of these enterprises into spaces of urban segregation and social vulnerability.
Tensões e interações entre corpo, arte e cidade: uma manifestação crítica dos desejos
Authors: Alves Amanda da Costa Pereira , Almeida Eneida de 
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho busca compreender o meio urbano e suas relações com as questões de gênero, explorando não só o ambiente como lugar de experiência e suporte de memórias, mas também de escritura de novos usos e formas de interação capazes de permitir o reposicionamento do indivíduo e do próprio corpo. Os procedimentos metodológicos estruturam-se em três partes: na primeira, as relações entre os conceitos de identidade e lugar contam com a contribuição de Norberg-Schulz, La Cecla e Certeau; na segunda, a noção de “corpo sem órgãos”, apoia-se em Deleuze e Guattari e dialoga com Agamben, enquanto instrumento de múltiplas experiências liberto de condicionamentos sociais; e a terceira explora um estudo empírico desenvolvido no âmbito de uma disciplina da Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo cujo tema interliga arte, arquitetura e urbanismo, examinando experiências do corpo feminino inserido no espaço, tendo a produção de Valie Export como referência conceitual e poética.
This work seeks to understand the urban environment and its relations with gender issues, exploring not only the environment as a place of experience and support of memories, but also of writing new uses and different forms of interaction capable of allowing the repositioning of the individual and of the body itself. The methodological procedures are structured in three parts: in the first, the relations between the concepts of identity and place have the contribution of Norberg-Schulz and Certeau; in the second, the notion of “body without organs” is based on Deleuze and Guattari, as an instrument of multiple vital experiences freed from social conditions; and, finally, the third explores an empirical study developed under a discipline of the Undergraduate Course in Architecture and Urbanism whose theme links contemporary art, architecture and urbanism, examining experiences of the female body inserted in the architectural space, with the production of Valie Export as conceptual and poetic reference.
Diferenças socioespaciais: uma análise do contato social em praças públicas na cidade de Arapiraca-Alagoas
Authors: Santos Laini Souza , Saboya Renato 
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho discute a relação entre segregação socioespacial e contato social em espaços públicos. Partiu da pergunta de pesquisa: qual a influência dos atributos morfológicos e socioeconômicos no contato social entre usuários de praças localizadas em bairros com diferenças urbanas e sociais? E tem como como objetivo investigar a influência dos aspectos morfológicos e socioeconômicos nos contatos sociais entre usuários de duas praças, situadas em condições socioespaciais distintas, na cidade de Arapiraca, no estado de Alagoas-Brasil. Para execução do estudo, utilizou-se uma abordagem multimétodos de viés quantitativo, fundamentando-se nos atributos socioespaciais de cada espaço e nas relações sociais estabelecidas a partir deles. Os resultados coletados indicaram que os arranjos socioespaciais que situam as duas praças são determinantes para o estabelecimento das relações sociais, evidenciando que a renda, uso do solo, integração e, sobretudo, a configuração, influenciam diretamente na constituição e diversidade dos contatos sociais.
This paper discusses the relationship between socio-spatial segregation and social contact in public spaces. It followed from the research question: what is the influence of morphological and socioeconomic attributes on social contact between users of squares located in neighborhoods with urban and social differences? Therefore, it aims to investigate the influence of morphological and socioeconomic aspects on social contacts between users of two squares, located in different socio-spatial conditions, in the city of Arapiraca, in the state of Alagoas-Brazil. To carry out the study, a multi-method approach with quantitative bias was used, based on the socio-spatial attributes of each space and the social relationships established from them. The results indicated that the socio-spatial arrangements that characterize the two squares are crucial for the establishment of social relations, showing that income, land use, integration and, above all, configuration, directly influence the constitution and diversity of social contacts.
Entre el hedonismo, la especulación y la necesidad: el caso del Parque Pignatelli de Zaragoza
Authors: Ruiz Cantera Laura 
Published: September 2021

El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es mostrar y reflexionar sobre los intereses que se
entrecruzaron en la creación del parque Pignatelli, primer parque construido en Zaragoza, cuyo proyecto
data del año 1892. En este sentido, se puede apuntar que este espacio verde nació bajo aspiraciones y
concepciones burguesas que conjuraron intereses económicos sobre la zona, a ello sumar la necesidad de
incorporar un lugar de ocio y esparcimiento ciudadano y también, de crear una zona bucólica a emulación
de otras ciudades.
Una interdisciplinariedad que exige abarcar un mayor número de líneas de investigación, siempre apoyadas
en la consulta de fuentes documentales. De ahí, que para dar sentido de una forma coherente y completa a
este trabajo se ha precisado el estudio de un amplio compendio documental y cartográfico procedente del
Archivo y Hemeroteca Municipal de Zaragoza.
The main objective of the present research is to show and reflect on the interests that were intertwined in the
creation of the park Pignatelli, the first park built in Zaragoza, whose project dates from 1892. In this sense, it
can be pointed out that this green space was born under aspirations and bourgeois conceptions that
conjured economic interests over the area, adding to the need to incorporate a leisure place and citizenship
and also to create a bucolic area to emulate other cities.
Is an interdisciplinary study that requires to cover a greater number of lines of research, always supported by
the consultation of documentary sources. Hence, in order to give a coherent and complete sense to this
work, it has been necessary to study an extensive documentary and cartographic compendium from the
Archive and Municipal Library of Zaragoza.
Identidad a dos velocidades: morfología, estructura y sociedad en dos zonas urbanas de la ciudad de Torreón
Authors: Mourey López Negrete Angela 
Published: September 2021

El estudio genera un análisis sobre dos ejes de centralidad en Torreón, México con la intención de poner en valor la identidad de la ciudad. Uno de ellos será el eje de la centralidad tradicional y el otro el eje de la centralidad periférica Raúl López Sánchez. El parámetro diferencial evidente entre ellos es la velocidad de flujo del tráfico rodado.
La morfología y la estructura urbana en ambas zonas son el sustento de la posible generación de manifestaciones de identidad. Utilizando el dibujo como herramienta de análisis, se verifica la hipótesis anterior. Se obtiene que ambas zonas presentan condiciones urbanas particulares y distintas que conducen a manifestaciones sociales de identidad clasificadas en las siguientes categorías: imagen, tradición, cultura, festividad, arte y edificación patrimonial.
This study generates an analysis of two urban axis at Torreon, Mexico with the intention of evaluating the city’s identity. This two axis of urban centralization are the traditional and the peripheral Raul Lopez Sanchez centralities. The velocity at which motorized vehicles travel is the most evident differentiation between this two axes.
The morphology and structure of this two axis create a base for the possible generation of identity manifestations. The verification of the previous hypothesis is done by the use of the drawing as a tool for analysis. This analysis obtains the conclusion that both urban axis have particular and different conditions that conduce to the social manifestations which are classified on image, tradition, culture, festivity, art and building heritage.
Segregação e fragmentação urbana em Teresina-PI: condomínios fechados e o adensamento da periferia
Authors: Leal Junior Jose Hamilton 
Published: September 2021

A mancha urbana de Teresina cresceu com problemas comuns às demais cidades brasileiras, mas apresenta aspectos específicos em função de suas características sócio-espaciais. Dentre os problemas urbanos existentes na cidade, a segregação e a fragmentação urbana têm trazido consequências perversas à maior parte da população, sendo um processo paralelo à ascensão dos condomínios fechados na América Latina.
Esses empreendimentos imobiliários estão no centro das discussões sobre a necessidade e ausência de interação social entre diferentes classes assim como o impacto destes na malha urbana. Este trabalho analisou o processo de expansão urbana e as transformações ocorridas a partir do Centro Urbano de Teresina, de 1930 aos dias atuais, a partir dos Planos Urbanísticos e da introdução ou expansão de alguns
elementos morfológicos envolvidos no processo.
The urban spot of Teresina grew with problems common to other Brazilian cities, but presents specific aspects in function of its socio-spatial characteristics. Among the urban problems in the city, segregation and urban fragmentation have had perverse consequences for most of the population, a process parallel to the rise of gated communities in Latin America. These real estate ventures are at the center of discussions about the need and absence of social interaction between different classes as well as their impact on the urban fabric. This work analyzed the process of urban expansion and the transformations that occurred from the Urban Center of Teresina, from 1930 to the present day, from the Urban Plans and the introduction or expansion of some morphological elements involved in the process.
La dialéctica de la regularización barrial en Bogotá: del urbanismo incompleto a la consolidación
Authors: Alfonso R. Óscar A , Barrera G. Rafael A , Bernal F. Pedro I 
Published: September 2021

El estudio de la producción habitacional popular va más allá de la discusión común de la informalidad como la contraparte de la formalidad. En este sentido, en el artículo se discute la importancia de la regularización barrial como parte de las políticas urbanas reactivas a la luz de la acentuada informalidad urbana en las metrópolis latinoamericanas. Para el caso particular de Bogotá, el análisis de la regularización barrial indaga por los vínculos entre la informalidad urbana y el modo de vida popular considerando una discusión sobre el derecho a la ciudad para, luego, realizar un balance de la eficacia de las políticas de vivienda basadas en el mercado formal como antesala al análisis de los resultados de los programas de regularización barrial. Finalmente se sugieren algunas líneas de acción al respecto de las políticas urbanas estatales.
The study of popular housing production goes beyond the common discussion of the informality as a counterpart of formality. In this way, the article discusses the value of neighborhood regularization as part of reactive urban policies considering the outstanding urban informality in Latin American metropolises. In particular, for Bogotá, the analysis of neighborhood regularization inquires for the links between urban formality and the popular way of life, taking into account a discussion about the right of the city, and then to take stock of the effectiveness of the policies of Housing based on the formal market as a prelude to the analysis of the results of neighborhood regularization programs. Finally, we suggest some lines of action regarding the state urban policies.
El transporte como elemento de estructuración urbana: hacia un equilibrado desarrollo urbano guiado por el transporte público en la ciudad de São Paulo
Authors: Fernandes Juliana Nakagawa 
Published: September 2021

El artículo pretende identificar oportunidades y potenciales de desarrollo urbano a partir de su relación con infraestructuras de transporte, centrado en el principio de que el sistema de transporte público cumple un papel clave en la estructuración de una ciudad como São Paulo. La expansión de la red de transporte público debe ser vista como una oportunidad para promover un nuevo proceso inclusivo de desarrollo urbano asociado a ella, que garantice una mejor distribución de usos, asegurando equidad de acceso a oportunidades y reduciendo los largos desplazamientos diarios.
El caso de estudio es la Línea 5 del Metro de São Paulo, actualmente en construcción. Considerase la hipótesis de que las estaciones de metro asumen el rol de centralidades urbanas, con el potencial para la articulación de diversos usos y actividades. El análisis del área de influencia, a partir de sus estaciones, pretende clasificar diferentes tipologías de estaciones, para así identificar sus oportunidades de desarrollo.
The article aims to identify opportunities and potentials of urban development from its relationship with transport infrastructures, centred around the principle that the public transport system plays a key role in the structuring of a city like São Paulo. The expansion of the transport network should be seen as an opportunity to promote a new inclusive process of urban development associated to it, which ensures a better distribution of land uses, assuring equity of access to opportunities and reducing large daily commuting.
The case study is the Metro Line 5 in São Paulo, currently under construction. The hypothesis considered that the metro stations assume the role of urban centralities, with the potential for the articulation of diverse uses and activities. The analysis of the area of influence, from its stations, intends to classify different station typologies, in order to identify their development opportunities.