bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and Analyzation of Differentially Expressed Transcription Factors in Endometriosis
Authors: Cong Shanshan , Guo Qiuyan , Cheng Yan , Gao Jianhua , Sun Liyuan , Wang Jing , Wu Han , Liang Tian , Zhang Guangmei 
Published: January 2021

Background:Endometriosis is interpreted as the existence of endometrium outside the uterine cavity, such as ovaries, fallopian tubes and pelvic cavity. Dysmenorrhea, abnormal menstruation, infertility, and chronic pelvic pain are the primary symptoms of endometriosis. Although there are many theories about the origin of endometriosis, the exact factor of the disease has not been confirmed. Therefore, many other mechanisms are still worth exploring.Materials and Methods:The gene lists of the transcription factors (TFs) were selected from the intersections of three databases. The limma R package was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of GSE6364 and GSE7305 and the DEGs intersected with the TFs to obtain the differentially expressed TFs (DETFs). Subsequently, one-way ANOVA and Student'st-test were used to analyze the expression of DETFs in different phases of the endometrium and the endometrium of the infertile and fertile females with endometriosis, respectively. Enrichment analysis and PPI network were performed to reveal the molecular mechanisms of endometriosis. Finally, the plotROC R package was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of hub TFs for the diagnosis of endometriosis.Results:A total of 54 DETFs were screened out in endometriosis. The expression of up-regulated DETFs was gradually increased from the early secretory to the proliferative phase of the endometrium. Most up-regulated DETFs increased expression in the endometrium of infertile females. The pathways of DETFs were mainly enriched in stem cell differentiation, transcription activity, steroid hormone receptor activity and herpes simplex virus. Two hub TFs (RUNX2 and BATF) and two sub-networks were finally acquired from the PPI network. RUNX2 and BATF also had high diagnostic value in endometriosis.Conclusion:We discovered and analyzed 54 DETFs that were closely related to endometriosis, which would contribute to explore new mechanisms of endometriosis and search for new diagnostic markers and effective therapeutic targets.
Deep Phenotyping of Headache in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients via Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Planchuelo-Gómez Álvaro , Trigo Javier , de Luis-García Rodrigo , Guerrero Ángel L. , Porta-Etessam Jesús , García-Azorín David 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Headache is a common symptom in systemic infections, and one of the symptoms of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The objective of this study was to characterize the phenotype of COVID-19 headache via machine learning.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study nested in a retrospective cohort. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 confirmed diagnosis who described headache were included in the study. Generalized Linear Models and Principal Component Analysis were employed to detect associations between intensity and self-reported disability caused by headache, quality and topography of headache, migraine features, COVID-19 symptoms, and results from laboratory tests.Results: One hundred and six patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 56.6 ± 11.2, including 68 (64.2%) females. Higher intensity and/or disability caused by headache were associated with female sex, fever, abnormal platelet count and leukocytosis, as well as migraine symptoms such as aggravation by physical activity, pulsating pain, and simultaneous photophobia and phonophobia. Pain in the frontal area (83.0% of the sample), pulsating quality, higher intensity of pain, and presence of nausea were related to lymphopenia. Pressing pain and lack of aggravation by routine physical activity were linked to low C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels.Conclusion: Intensity and disability caused by headache attributed to COVID-19 are associated with the disease state and symptoms. Two distinct headache phenotypes were observed in relation with COVID-19 status. One phenotype seems to associate migraine symptoms with hematologic and inflammatory biomarkers of severe COVID-19; while another phenotype would link tension-type headache symptoms to milder COVID-19.
Different Targets of Monoclonal Antibodies in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis Evidenced From Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Xue Tao , Yu Jiahao , Chen Shujun , Wang Zilan , Yang Yanbo , Chen Zhouqing , Wang Zhong 
Published: January 2021

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, often leads to vision loss or paralysis. This meta-analysis focused on the assessment of the monoclonal antibody therapy in NMOSD and compared different targets of monoclonal antibodies with each other in terms of efficacy and safety outcomes.Method: We searched through the databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and clinicaltrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating monoclonal antibody therapy in NMOSD up to April 2020.Results: We identified seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs), including 775 patients (monoclonal antibody group, n = 485 and placebo group, n = 290). Monoclonal antibody therapy decreased relapse risk (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.21–0.52, P &lt; 0.00001), annualized relapse rate (ARR) (mean −0.28, 95% CI −0.35−0.20, P &lt; 0.00001), expanded disability status scale score (EDSS) (mean −0.19, 95% CI −0.32−0.07, P = 0.002) and serious adverse events (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.61–1.00, P = 0.05). However, we did not observe any significant difference in terms of adverse events or mortality. Further, the subgroup analysis demonstrated that the anti-complement protein C5 monoclonal antibody (eculizumab) might have a lower relapse risk (RR 0.07, 95% CI 0.02–0.23, P &lt; 0.0001) in the AQP4 seropositive patients, and anti-interleukin-6 receptor monoclonal antibodies (satralizumab and tocilizumab) showed decreased EDSS score (mean −0.17, 95% CI −0.31−0.02, P = 0.02) more effectively than other monoclonal antibodies.Conclusions: Monoclonal antibodies were effective and safe in NMOSD. Different targets of monoclonal antibodies might have their own advantages.
Effectiveness of Gentle Human Touch for Pain Control During Examination for Retinopathy of Pre-maturity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sun Yongping , Zhang Jinghan , Chen Xu , Yang Yang , Qiu Jie , Lu Ke-yu , Cheng Rui 
Published: January 2021

Background: Retinopathy of pre-maturity (ROP) is a disorder of the retinal blood vessels in pre-term infants with low birth weight. It is a leading cause of blindness in children. During ROP screening, the use of mydriatic drops and eyelid openers causes pain and discomfort. Pain management strategies include medications and behavioral interventions. The objectives of this study was to investigate the effects of Gentle Human Touch on pain in pre-term infants undergoing screening for ROP.Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 82 infants in the neonatal intensive care unit at Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University who met the ROP screening criteria were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups using the random number table. The infants in the experimental group continuously received Gentle Human Touch during screening, while those in the control group were screened according to the routine procedure. All neonates were administered local eye anesthesia before the screening. The degree of pain was assessed using the Pre-mature Infant Pain Profile score. A double-channel near-infrared spectroscopy device was used to monitor regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2), while oxygen saturation (SaO2) and heart rate were measured using pulse oximetry. The Pre-mature Infant Pain Profile score was the primary outcome, while heart rate, SaO2, and rScO2 were the secondary outcomes.Results: The gestational age, corrected gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar score at examination and the basal heart rate, SaO2, and rScO2 showed no significant intergroup differences (P &gt; 0.05 for all). Both groups demonstrated significant decreases in SaO2 and rScO2 in response to the examination (P &lt; 0.05 for all). During the examination, the Pre-mature Infant Pain Profile score (14.82 ± 3.22 vs. 9.29 ± 2.89, respectively; P &lt; 0.05) was significantly higher in the control group than in the experimental group, while rScO2 (57.61 ± 3.51 vs. 54.76 ± 4.54%, respectively; P &lt; 0.05) and SaO2 (91.89 ± 6.43 vs. 85.68 ± 8.31%; P &lt; 0.05) were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in heart rate changes between the two groups before and after the examination (182.60 ± 3.50 vs. 170.80 ± 3.50 time/min; P &gt; 0.05).Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that Gentle Human Touch can effectively alleviate pain during ROP screening in pre-mature infants.Clinical Trial Registration: ISRCTN10976481, Registered 06 March 2020, Retrospectively registered.
Fluorofenidone Alleviates Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting Necroptosis Through RIPK3/MLKL Pathway
Authors: Dai Qin , Zhang Yan , Liao Xiaohua , Jiang Yupeng , Lv Xin , Yuan Xiangning , Meng Jie , Xie Yanyun , Peng Zhangzhe , Yuan Qiongjing , Tao LiJian , Huang Ling 
Published: January 2021

Cell death and sterile inflammation are major mechanisms of renal fibrosis, which eventually develop into end-stage renal disease. “Necroptosis” is a type of caspase-independent regulated cell death, and sterile inflammatory response caused by tissue injury is strongly related to necrosis. Fluorofenidone (AKF-PD) is a novel compound shown to ameliorate renal fibrosis and associated inflammation. We investigated whether AKF-PD could alleviate renal fibrosis by inhibiting necroptosis. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was used to induce renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in C57BL/6J mice. AKF-PD (500 mg/kg) or necrostatin-1 (Nec-1; 1.65 mg/kg) was administered simultaneously for 3 and 7 days. Obstructed kidneys and serum were harvested after euthanasia. AKF-PD and Nec-1 ameliorated renal tubular damage, inflammatory-cell infiltration, and collagen deposition, and the expression of proinflammatory factors (interlukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) and chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) decreased. AKF-PD or Nec-1 treatment protected renal tubular epithelial cells from necrosis and reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase in serum. Simultaneously, production of receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK)3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) was also reduced 3 and 7 days after UUO. AKF-PD and Nec-1 significantly decreased the percentage of cell necrosis, inhibiting the phosphorylation of MLKL and RIPK3 in TNF-α- and Z-VAD–stimulated human proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells. In conclusion, AKF-PD and Nec-1 have effective anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activity in UUO-induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, potentially mediated by the RIPK3/MLKL pathway.
Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamics Model Characterizing CYP2C19 Polymorphisms to Predict Clopidogrel Pharmacokinetics and Its Anti-Platelet Aggregation Effect Following Oral Administration to Coronary Artery Disease Patients With or Without Diabetes
Authors: Xu Ru-jun , Kong Wei-min , An Xiao-fei , Zou Jian-jun , Liu Li , Liu Xiao-dong 
Published: January 2021

Background and Objective: Clopidogrel (CLOP) is commonly used in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with or without diabetes (DM), but these patients often suffer CLOP resistance, especially those with diabetes. This study was aimed to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PBPK-PD) model to describe the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel active metabolite (CLOP-AM) in CAD patients with or without DM.Methods: The PBPK-PD model was first established and validated in healthy subjects and then in CAD patients with or without DM. The influences of CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), gastrointestinal transit rates (Kt,i) and platelets response to CLOP-AM (kirre) on predicted pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were investigated, followed with their individual and integrated effects on CLOP-AM pharmacokinetics due to changes in DM status.Results: Most predictions fell within 0.5–2.0 folds of observations, indicating successful predictions. Sensitivity analysis showed that contributions of interested factors to pharmacodynamics were CES1&gt; kirre&gt; Kt,i&gt; CYP2C19 &gt; CYP3A4&gt; CYP2C9. Mimicked analysis showed that the decreased exposure of CLOP-AM by DM was mainly attributed to increased CES1 activity, followed by decreased CYP2C19 activity.Conclusion: The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CLOP-AM were successfully predicted using the developed PBPK-PD model. Clopidogrel resistance by DM was the integrated effects of altered Kt,i, CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CES1 and kirre.
Serum MG53/TRIM72 Is Associated With the Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Xie Hongyang , Wang Yaqiong , Zhu Tianqi , Feng Shuo , Yan Zijun , Zhu Zhengbin , Ni Jingwei , Ni Jun , Du Run , Zhu Jinzhou , Ding Fenghua , Liu Shengjun , Han Hui , Zhang Hang , Zhao Jiaxin , Zhang Ruiyan , Quan Weiwei , Yan Xiaoxiang 
Published: January 2021

Background: Mitsugumin 53 or Tripartite motif 72 (MG53/TRIM72), a myokine/cardiokine belonging to the tripartite motif family, can protect the heart from ischemic injury and regulate lipid metabolism in rodents. However, its biological function in humans remains unclear. This study sought to investigate the relationship between circulating MG53 levels and coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods: The concentration of MG53 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples from 639 patients who underwent angiography, including 205 controls, 222 patients with stable CAD, and 212 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to analyze the relationship between MG53 and CAD.Results: MG53 levels were increased in patients with stable CAD and were highest in patients with AMI. Additionally, patients with comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes also had a higher concentration of MG53. We found that MG53 is a significant diagnostic marker of CAD and AMI, as analyzed by logistic regression models. Multivariate linear regression models revealed that serum MG53 was significantly corelated positively with SYNTAX scores. Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) scores also correlated with serum MG53 levels, indicating that MG53 levels were associated with the severity of CAD and AMI after adjusting for multiple risk factors and clinical biomarkers.Conclusion: MG53 is a valuable diagnostic marker whose serum levels correlate with the presence and severity of stable CAD and AMI, and may represent a novel biomarker for diagnosing CAD and indicating the severity of CAD.
Identifying Rewards Over Difficulties Buffers the Impact of Time in COVID-19 Lockdown for Parents in Australia
Authors: Herbert Jane S. , Mitchell Annaleise , Brentnall Stuart J. , Bird Amy L. 
Published: January 2021

ObjectivePhysical isolation measures, known as lockdown or shelter-in-place, experienced during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have the potential to cause psychological distress. This study was conducted to examine parents’ perceived stress and whether reports of rewards and challenges during lockdown impact stress.MethodsData were collected using a cross-sectional online survey in New South Wales, Australia, across the 4-week lockdown. The survey was completed by 158 parents of children aged under 6 years. Stress was measured using the short form of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4). Rewards and challenges were reported in response to two open-ended questions.ResultsThere was a weak negative correlation between PSS-4 scores and days in isolation (r = −0.167, p = 0.022), with parents who had spent longer in isolation reporting fewer stress symptoms. The relationship between time in isolation and stress was moderated by the degree to which parents described more rewards than challenges: parents who perceived high rewards and low challenges reported lower PSS-4 scores with more days in lockdown, whereas parents who perceived low rewards and high challenges reported higher PSS-4 scores with more days in lockdown. The moderation model examining associations between time in isolation and rewards ratio explained 13% of the variance in PSS-4 scores.ConclusionLockdowns are not uniformly or consistently negative experiences for parents. Identifying positive aspects of the experience may serve to buffer negative mental health risks across time. Understanding resilience strategies is critical for supporting current psychological wellbeing and to adequately prepare for future pandemic experiences.
India’s Major Trade Partners UK and US
Authors: Anusha Tanneru , Nazneen Seema 
Published: January 2021

On the eve of planning the trade, the foreign trade of India with the US and the UK showed an excess of exports over imports from more than a decade. Foreign trade in India showed excess imports over exports. The trade deficit was largely due to the war pre-war and post-war. This paper is based on secondary data collected from commerce and industry and other various government reports and sources. It also demonstrates Indian trade from a global perspective. Indian trade with the United States and the United Kingdom and the relations trade terms are analyzed. The major sectors and products involved in the trade are studied. The Indian Institute of foreign trade promotes imports and exports trade terms and agreements and also envelops the full range of global business. Foreign trade policy or Exim policy along with simplification and merger reward schemes are studied. India’s trade for the past years was seen negative due to certain reasons. The trade analysis of India was done for the year 2019-20. The effect of India’s foreign trade for 2020 is studied. The world trade scenario in the recent estimated in the IMF.
Effect Analysis of Regular Exercise Routine on Catla Catla with the Help of Metabolites Level in Serum
Authors: Rajput Vishal , Vimal Meenu , Gaur Richa 
Published: January 2021

The present study was focused on comparing the effect of non-intense exercise routines with normal swimming routine among fishes. To find out the comparison, serum metabolites of minerals, enzymes, nitrogenous substance, and lipids were selected between two groups of fresh water fish as trained and control group. Due to the regular non-intense exercise routine, some alterations in serum metabolites were reported. High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) showed notable change due to the routine, whereas minor fluctuations were recorded in Low-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) content due to the absence of strength exercise routine. Hepatic and bile activities were reported normal as a minor fluctuation of AST and ALT recorded. A comparative study of lipid metabolite concentration showed noticeable changes in triacylglycerols. In mineral metabolites absence of remarkable fluctuation recorded may be due to age-related changes during the training routine. The comparative study may conclude that non-strength regular workout routine in fresh water fishes may moderate some moderate metabolic alterations.
Inclusive Mathematics Education in Classroom Practice
Authors: Das Kaushik 
Published: January 2021

The present study focused on inclusive mathematics education in classroom practice. Inclusive mathematics education creates new challenges for teachers, requiring additional knowledge and possibly changed classroom practices. One teaching job gaining importance is differentiating through task design, as teachers need to provide conceptually rich learning opportunities even to students with mathematical learning disabilities. This paper investigates the ways teachers engage with inclusive mathematics in their classrooms. The main purpose of this study was to explore inclusive mathematics education in classroom practice. The methodology of the study is qualitative. This study employed international and national journals, library consultation, expert opinion, online journals, periodicals, newspapers, and documents.
Metacognitive Awareness on Teaching and Teaching Competence of Secondary Prospective Teachers
Authors: Sahoo Suruchi , Prasad Behera Mahendra , Sahu Sanjaya 
Published: January 2021

Metacognition is the individual’s awareness of how he learns and what he does, employment of proper knowledge to gain his ends; the ability to employ cognitive skills that are required in an ordinary test, the knowledge of which strategies be employed with which goals, and the assessment of individual processes before and after the performance” (Flavell, 1997). Here, an attempt was made to investigate the relationship and differences of metacognitive awareness on teaching and teaching competence of prospective secondary teachers. The main objective of the study was to compare the significant mean differences and relationship of of metacognitive awareness on teaching and teaching competence of male and female secondary prospective teachers. A sample of 100 secondary prospective teachers consisted of 50 males and 50 females from Dr. PMIASE, Sambalpur, and Panchayat College, Bargarh, were selected randomly. For this study, both correlational and causal-comparative method was employed by the researcher. To collect data, the researcher used the Inventory of Metacognitive Awareness for Teachers (MAIT) developed by C. Balcikanli (2011) and the General teaching Competence scale (GTC) developed by B.K. Passi and Lalitha (1994). The obtained data were analyzed using”t” test and Pearson correlation coefficient “r.” It was that found the mean scores of male teachers are significantly better than the female teachers when metacognitive awareness was compared with teaching and teaching competence. Lastly, the result indicated there existed a strong positive correlation of metacognitive awareness on teaching and teaching competency concerning male and female student teachers.
Yagya Therapy as adjunct care tended to normalized level of thyroid hormones in 18 thyroid patients after 40 days of treatment
Authors: Saraswat AmarNath , Yadav Gayatri , Sharma Uma , Bisen Kalpana , Desai Tara , Bhagat Sweeti , Shrivastava Vandana 
Published: January 2021

Yagya Therapy is an ancient Vedic therapy. Using specific herbs for management of the disease, this novel approach can provide a supportive care in various conditions. Besides, it involves a holistic approach with pulmonary inhalation of herbal vapors through Pranayama. In the thyroid condition, hyper and hypo thyroid, there is imbalance of the T3, T4 and TSH hormones along with complains in associated with quality of life. The present study evaluated thyroid hormonal levels and quality of life in 18 thyroid patient after giving 40 days of Yagya Therapy with application of herbal mixtures for hormonal balance as supportive care. Patients were without any change in the drug and dose in past 6 months. The pre and post evaluation after Yagya Therapy revealed that in just 40 days of Yagya Therapy as supportive care, it helped to achieve the desired pattern in the hyperthyroid patients. In hypothyroid patients (n=9), pattern of increase in the T4 and T3 levels and decrease in TSH level and in the hyperthyroid patients (n=3), decrease in the T4 and T3 level and increase in TSH level were observed (p=0.06). In addition patients reported significant improvement in quality of life in physical weakness (p-value 0.0078), breathing issues (p-value 0.0078), sleep issues (p-value 0.0176), stress (p-value 0.002), indicating the potential of Yagya Therapy in treating and managing Thyroid condition. Yagya Therapy has great potential for management of chronic condition of Thyroid through both balancing thyroid hormones as well as by improving quality of life.