bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cultivation Years in Protected Vegetable Crop Fields On The Structure and Abundance of Soil nosZ Denitrifying Microbial Community
Authors: Zhao Hui , Tan Zhi-Yong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The study of the changes in the structure and quantity of the denitrifying microbial community in the protected vegetable crop field is crucial for evaluating the soil quality of long-term protected cultivation and improving the understanding of nitrogen conversion. In this study, quantitative fluorescent PCR was used, with the help of the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing platform, aiming at the nosZ gene, to study the effects of protected cultivation plots 3 a, 5 a, and 7 a, and the outdoor cultivation plot (ck) on the structure and quantity of soil denitrifying microbial community. The results demonstrated that the abundance of nosZ gene in ck was significantly higher than the other treatments, and was 1.32, 1.45 and 1.69 times those of Group 3 a, 5 a and 7 a, respectively. As the cultivation year increased, the abundance of nosZ gene was decreased, and the α-diversity index was decreased. The Chao1 index and ACE index of ck were the highest. At the phylum level, the dominant group was Proteobacteria. While at the genus level, the dominant groups were Bradyrhizobium and Achromobacter. The relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Bradyrhizobium were decreased with the increase of protected cultivation time. The principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that the community structure of nosZ varied greatly with the increase of planting time. The community structures of Group 3 a and 5 a were similar, but the community structure of Group 7 a was very different from Group 3 a and 5 a. The soil available potassium (AK), ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were the primary factors affecting the copy number, α-diversity and community structure of nosZ denitrifying microorganisms. As a conclusion, it can be seen that long-term cultivation of vegetable crops in a protected environment significantly reduced the copy number of nosZ denitrifying microorganisms and had a significant impact on the community structure.
Clinical and Molecular Features of Patients with Gliomas Harboring Idh1 Non-Canonical Mutations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Authors: Nunno Vincenzo Di , Franceschi Enrico , Tosoni Alicia , Gatto Lidia , Maggio Ilaria , Lodi Raffaele , Angelini Daniele , Bartolini Stefania , Brandes Alba Ariela 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose The canonical isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 R132 mutation (IDH1 R132) is the most frequent mutation among IDH mutated gliomas. Non-canonical IDH1 mutations or IDH2 mutations are unusual and their clinical and biological role is still unclear.Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the clinical role of IDH non-canonical mutations. ResultsOverall, we selected 13 of 3513 studies reporting data of 4007 patients with a diagnosis of grade 2 and grade 3 including 3091 patients with a molecularly proven IDH1 or IDH2 mutation. Patients with non-canonical IDH1 mutations were younger and presented a higher DNA methylation level as compared to those with canonical IDH1 R132H alteration. The overall incidence of non-canonical IDH1 mutations was 7.9% (95% CI 5.4 – 10.7%) in patients with IDH mutated gliomas. There was no statistical difference in terms of incidence between patients with grade 2 or grade 3 glioma. Patients with non-canonical IDH mutations had a lower rate of 1p19q codeletion (risk difference: 31%, 95% CI 23 -38%) and presented a significantly prolonged survival (pooled-HR 0.47, 95% CI, 0.28-0.81) as compared to those with IDH1 R132H mutation. Conclusion Non-canonical IDH1 mutations occur in 7.9% of IDH mutated gliomas and recognize a specific subgroup of patients with an improved survival despite a lower rate of 1p19q codeletion. Data about the type of IDH mutation should be collected in clinical practice and within interventional trials as this could be a critical variable for an improved patient’s stratification and selection.
Measuring Fear Evoked by the Scariest Animal: The Effect of Gender, Age, Education, and Disgust on Spider Phobia
Authors: Polák Jakub , Sedláčková Kristýna , Janovcová Markéta , Peléšková Šárka , Flegr Jaroslav , Vobrubová Barbora , Frynta Daniel , Landová Eva 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Although tiny in size and mostly harmless, spiders evoke exceptional fear in a significant part of the population and arachnophobia belongs to one of the most common anxiety disorders with prevalence 2.7-6.1%. Two standardized psychometrics have been widely used to reliably assess the emotional and cognitive component of spider fear, the Spider Questionnaire (SPQ) and Spider Phobia Beliefs Questionnaire (SBQ). Methods: In Study 1, we developed a Czech translation of both scales using a back-translation procedure and then tested their psychometric properties against their English versions in a counterbalanced experimental design using the Mann-Whitney U test and two-sided t-test. In Study 2, we then analysed scores on the Czech SPQ and SBQ on a much larger sample. We also checked for the effect of various personal characteristics (age, gender, level of education, biology background) and other assessments of snake fear (SNAQ) and disgust propensity (DS-R) using a Spearmann correlation, redundancy analysis, and general linear models. Results: In Study 1, we have demonstrated that the Czech SPQ and SBQ are equivalent to their originals and show excellent test-retest reliability (SPQ: 0.928; SBQ: 0.873-0.903). In Study 2, 10.3% of 3 863 subjects in total reached the cut-off point for potential spider phobia. Furthermore, SPQ and SBQ scores were highly correlated (0.727-.0787), significantly more than with the SNAQ (0.208-0.324), which is evidence of the scales’ validity. Two multivariate statistical methods revealed a significant effect of gender, age, level of education, biology background, and disgust propensity on the SPQ scores. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study provides a strong support to the hypothesis that fear of spiders is driven by their disgusting properties as spiders were often associated with decimating epidemics of plague and other diseases that were repeatedly ravaging Europe from the Middle Ages.
Statins’ safety and impact on the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 critically ill patients: A Multicenter, Cohort Study
Authors:   Khalid Al Sulaiman1, Aljuhani Ohoud , Korayem Ghazwa B. , Altebainawi Ali F. , Harbi Shmeylan Al , Shaya Abdulrahman Al , Badreldin Hisham A. , Kensara Raed , Harthi Abdullah Al , Alghamdi Jahad , Alawad Ahad , Alotaibi Rand , Kharbosh Abdullah , Muqati Hessa Al , Alhuwahmel Abdulmohsen , Almusallam Mohammed , Sulaihim Ibrahim Al , Alanazi Bader , Al-Dosari Bodoor S. , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Alsaeedi Alawi S. , Ghamdi Ghassan Al , Al-Dorzi Hasan M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Purpose

The complications of Severe Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are attributed to the overproduction of early response proinflammatory cytokines, causing a systemic hyperinflammatory state. Statins are potentially a potent adjuvant therapy in COVID-19 infection due to their pleiotropic and anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of their cholesterol-lowering activity. This study investigates the impact of statin use on the outcome of critically ill patients with COVID-19.
Methods

A multicenter, retrospective cohort study of all adult critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) between March 1, 2020, and March 31, 2021. Eligible patients were classified into two groups based on statin use during ICU stay and were matched with a propensity score which was based on patient’s age and admission APACHE II and SOFA scores. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Other outcomes were considered secondary...
Results

A total of 1049 patients were eligible; 502 patients were included after propensity score matching (1:1 ratio). The 30-day (hazard ratio 0.75 (95% CI 0.58, 0.98), P = 0.03) and in-hospital mortality (hazard ratio 0.69 (95% CI 0.54, 0.89), P = 0.004) were significantly lower in patients who received statin therapy on multivariable cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Moreover, patients who received statin have a lower risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia (OR 0.48(95% CI 0.32, 0.69), P = < 0.001), lower levels of markers of inflammation on follow up and no increased risk of liver injury.
Conclusion

The use of statin during ICU stay in COVID-19 critically ill patients may have a beneficial role and survival benefits with a good safety profile.
Pembelajaran Merdeka Pendidikan Arsitektur
Authors: Febriarto Prasetyo 
Published: August 2021

Title: Freedom of Learning in Architecture Education

The Covid-19 pandemic has led to various efforts, namely, an appeal for all activities in all sectors, from the economy, education, entertainment, and others to be restricted, especially in the education sector to reduce the transmission of Covid-19. All educational activities, academic activities that are usually carried out on campus, namely face to face, must be done and done from home. All academic elements, especially education at the campus level, not only students, lecturers, and education personnel must also carry out activities from home to prevent and reduce the Covid-19 outbreak. Policies by looking at the pandemic phenomenon that has resulted in forcing the education sector to change work patterns and the teaching and learning process must make breakthroughs or innovations that were initially conventional. Using a breakthrough which is an independent effort to keep it going according to the tri dharma of education in learning, especially in the field of architecture. This article was conducted with a descriptive exploratory research method to explain the phenomenon of independent learning architecture education.
Water resources planning under climate and economic changes in Skiathos island, Aegean
Authors: Alamanos Angelos 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Small Aegean islands are facing complicated pressures of different natures. Their physically limited water resources are invoked to cover the increasing needs of the local population, combined with the seasonal water demand peaks due to tourists. This often leads to aquifers’ overexploitation and seawater intrusion, deteriorating the water quality. Water scarcity may also occur due to inadequate infrastructure, limited investments and human resources for proper management. This study uses the example of Skiathos island, which faces all the above challenges. The water supply network and the city's demand are simulated through WEAP software, in an attempt to address the major drivers for future water management. A long-term water demand forecast is performed under scenarios of climate change (based on ensemble means of RCP simulations), and water pricing (based on the recommendations of European legislation). Other pressures (i.e., operation of new hotels) and measures (i.e., desalinization unit, network and reservoir works) that were already considered by the local authorities are discussed. Overall, the findings aim to sensitize and motivate local policymakers to construct databases, start monitoring, include more factors in the decision-making process, and avoid overexploitation for the sake of non-sustainable development norms.
Modeling the effects of land-use and climate change on the performance of stormwater sewer system using SWMM simulation: case study
Authors: Hussain Salam Naje , Zwain Haider M. , Nile Basim K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFlooding of stormwater drainage systems represents a major problem in developing urban areas that could be influenced by land-use and climate change. Flooding problems can be assessed using simulation models such as the stormwater management model (SWMM). In this study, the generation of intensity duration frequency curves (IDF) that integrates climate change effect was conducted for Al-Najaf Governorate in Iraq for the first time. In addition, the effects of land-use and climate change on the stormwater sewer system of Al-Ameer District was simulated using SWMM. The results indicated that by increasing the sub-catchment area from 50 to 100%, an increment in total surface runoff from 20,380 to 37,350 m3, and total flooding from 10,513 to 26,032 m3 have occurred, respectively. As a response to climate change, changing the return period from 2 to 5 years has increased the total surface runoff from 14,120 to 27,110 m3 (representing 48% of raise), and total flooding increased from 5,914 to 17,591 m3 (accounting 72% of increment). To conclude, flooding locations and magnitude were identified, whilst the system failed to discharge surface runoff at critical conditions, whereas the effect of climate change on the stormwater drainage system was more adverse than the effect of land-use.
Water specialist as andragogist: the application of learning theory in capacity development for improved water management
Authors: Russell Bobby , Ottow Bouke 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper argues for greater application of adult learning theory in capacity development for water agencies in developing countries. Although the need for capacity development is clear, we believe its delivery, especially through ‘technical assistance’ projects, is of limited effectiveness. In the authors' experience, this limited effectiveness is due to the mismatch between intention and delivery. This may be due to inappropriate objective setting, lack of focus in training delivery and poor cultural awareness, reinforced by an unchallenged, ineffective model of teaching. A more collaborative and adult learner focused approach can help to define the learner's current situation and identify the learning methods that suit them best. Although the effectiveness of capacity development has many factors, the diligent application of well-tested adult learning practices and culturally appropriate learning methods can give positive results. This paper describes five principles for improving capacity development in developing countries. Those principles are: structural alignment of learning, culturally appropriate learning methods, active learning methods, learning trajectories and ‘water specialist as andragogist’. The paper describes and evaluates three case studies of capacity building activities, where these principles were applied either in a deliberate structured approach or through happy accident.
Upgrading of waste stabilization ponds using a low-cost small-scale fine bubble diffused aeration system
Authors: Vagheei Ramazan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Waste Stabilization Ponds (WSPs) are known for the economical treatment of wastewater, especially if low-cost land is available. In this research to overcome some common operational problems such as undesirable color changes in ponds, severe odor problems, and most importantly, deviations from the effluent standards, the performance of a novel installation of a small-scale fine bubble diffused aeration system in the inlet zone of the facultative pond has been investigated. The long-term operational data of the system in two wastewater treatment plants in the east of Iran demonstrated that this system can significantly improve the efficiency of the treatment plant in addition to eliminating the mentioned operational problems. Pre-aeration of the inlet zone of the facultative ponds (Birjand WSPs) by the aeration system consists of 250 fine bubble disk diffusers (12 inches in diameter) and one 22 kW roots blower showed that purple color and odor problem can eliminate after almost two weeks and organic matter removal efficiency increased from 58 ± 15% to about 85 ± 10% based on BOD5. Almost similar results were obtained from the WSPs of Neyshabur. Long-term experimental results showed this system can be used successfully to control the process and upgrade these natural and efficient treatment processes, especially in developing countries.
Research Progress on Natural Compounds Exerting an Antidepressant
Effect through Anti-inflammatory
Authors: Yuan Caixia , Yao Yucen , Liu Tao , Jin Ying , Yang Chunrong , Loh Xian Jun , Li Zibiao 
Published: August 2021

:
Depression is a common mental illness that belongs to the category of emotional disorders that causes serious damage to the health and life of patients, while inflammation is considered to be one of the important factors that causes depression. In this case, it might be important to explore the possible therapeutic approach by using natural compounds exerting an anti-inflammatory and antidepressant effect, which it filed has not been systematically reviewed recently. Hence, this review aims to systematically sort the literature related to the mechanism of exerting an antidepressant effect through anti-inflammatory actions, and to summarize the related natural products in the past 20 years, in terms of a number of inflammatory related pathways (i.e., the protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, monoamine neurotransmitters (5-hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine) (5-HT and NE), the nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, proinflammatory cytokines, neurotrophins, or cytokine-signaling pathways), which might provide a useful reference for the potential treatment of depression.
Extracellular Vesicles, Stem Cells and the Role of miRNAs in Neurodegeneration
Authors: Wilson Cornelia M. , Belkozhayev Ayaz M. , Al-Yozbaki Minnatallah , George Alex , Ye Niyazova Raigul , Sharipov Kamalidin O. , Byrne Lee J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
There are different modalities of intercellular communication governed by cellular homeostasis.
In this review, we will explore one of these forms of communication called extracellular
vesicles (EVs). These vesicles are released by all cells in the body and are heterogeneous in nature.
The primary function of EVs is to share information through their cargo consisting of proteins, lipids
and nucleic acids (mRNA, miRNA, dsDNA etc.) with other cells, which have a direct consequence
on their microenvironment. We will focus on the role of EVs of mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) in the nervous system and how these participate in intercellular communication to maintain
physiological function and provide neuroprotection. However, deregulation of this same communication
system could play a role in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease,
Parkinson’s disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, prion disease and Huntington’s
disease. The release of EVs from a cell provides crucial information to what is happening inside
the cell and thus could be used in diagnostics and therapy. We will discuss and explore new avenues
for the clinical applications of using engineered MSC-EVs and their potential therapeutic
benefit in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
STUDENTS PERCEPTION ON IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERPROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: Chandra Multazam Fahreza , Isrona Laila , Taslim Emilzon , Ilmiawati Ilmiawati 
Published: August 2021

Background: Collaboration between health professionals is needed to improve health services. The collaboration can be applied to the education system through the Interprofessional Education (IPE) concept. This study aimed to examine students’ perception on the IPE implementation.Methods: This was a descriptive study using cross-sectional method. The study sample were 300 undergraduate students in Medical Faculty Andalas University (MFAU). It consisted of 190 medical students, 72 psychology students, and 38 midwifery students. The sample was determined by proportionate stratified random sampling method. The research instrument used was Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS) questionnaire.Results: The 252 students (84%) showed positive perception on IPE implementation. The highest percentage (90%) of the component of perception was actual cooperation and the component of understanding of others’ profession had the lowest percentage (51%). Midwifery students had the highest percentage of perception (92.1%), while the lowest percentage of perception was showed by psychology students (72.2%). The perception tended to increase in perception from first-year (85.7%) to second-year (89.9%) and declined in third-year students (76%).Conclusion: Students of MFAU having a good perception on the IPE implementation. However, there is a lack of understanding of others’ profession that needs to be addressed and improved.
In-silico ADMET Pharmacoinformatics of Geraniol (3,7-dimethylocta-trans-2,6-dien-1-ol) - acyclic monoterpene alcohol drug from Leaf Essential Oil of Cymbopogon martinii from Sirumalai Hills (Eastern Ghats), INDIA
Authors: Kandeepan C. , Kalaimathi R.V. , Jeevalatha A. , Basha A. N. , Ramya S. , Jayakumararaj R. 
Published: August 2021

Cymbopogon martinii is a grass from genus Cymbopogon (lemongrasses) native to India, but widely cultivated in other places for its aromatic essential oil. C. martinii known as Palmarosa smells sweet with rose-like odor. Geraniol, a terpene alcohol present in Cymbopogon martinii essential oil (CMEO) is much valued for its typical aroma and medicinal uses. In addition to the pleasant odor, Geraniol is known for fungicidal, nematicidal, acaricidal, insecticidal, repellent properties hence, used as Natural Pest Control Agent (NPCA) exhibiting low toxicity. Furthermore, geraniol has been suggested to exemplify a new class of chemoprevention agents in the treatment of cancer. Biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and vascular effects have been investigated. In the present study, GCMS based in-silico ADMET pharmacoinformatics aspects (Physicochemical, Lipophilicity, Medicinal Chemistry, Druglikeness, Absorption, Water Solubility, Distribution, Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics, Excretion, Environmental Toxicity, Tox21 Pathway and Toxicophore Rules) with PASS prediction of geraniol from CMEO has been bioprospected from human health perspective point of view.
Keywords: GCMS; ADMET; Pharmacoinformatics; Geraniol; Essential Oil; Cymbopogon martinii; Palmarosa; CMEO; PBNPs; Sirumalai Hills; Eastern Ghats