bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do risk attitude and trust moderate bank managers' risk perceptions in lending to micro, small, medium enterprises?
Authors: Talaulikar Harsha , Hegde Desai Purva , Borde Nilesh 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to study the antecedents of risk perceptions of bank managers towards micro, small, medium enterprise (MSME) lending, in the situation of information asymmetry, where cognitive factors assume significance over organisational norms of lending.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposed and tested a conceptual model based on the factors identified from literature review and exploratory and quantitative study. Multinomial logistic regression technique is used for quantitative analysis.FindingsThe research postulates that information asymmetry, risk attitude, perceived trust and organizational norms have a significant relationship with branch managers' perceived risk in lending to MSMEs. The research emphasized that the risk attitude of managers and perceived trust moderate the relationship between information asymmetry and perceived risk. The findings and discussions enrich the knowledge about the alleviators of constraints to MSME funding in developing nations despite information asymmetry.Originality/valueAuthors have given holistic view on the risk perception in the financial decision-making process of bank lending. The research highlights the importance of cognitive factors in decreasing the negative impact of information asymmetry on risk perception.
Artificial intelligence research in agriculture: a review
Authors: Sood Amit , Sharma Rajendra Kumar , Bhardwaj Amit Kumar 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review on the academic journey of artificial intelligence (AI) in agriculture and to highlight the challenges and opportunities in adopting AI-based advancement in agricultural systems and processes.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a bibliometric analysis of the extant literature on AI in agriculture to understand the status of development in this domain. Further, the authors proposed a framework based on two popular theories, namely, diffusion of innovation (DOI) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), to identify the factors influencing the adoption of AI in agriculture.FindingsFour factors were identified, i.e. institutional factors, market factors, technology factors and stakeholder perception, which influence adopting AI in agriculture. Further, the authors indicated challenges under environmental, operational, technological, economical and social categories with opportunities in this area of research and business.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed conceptual model needs empirical validation across countries or states to understand the effectiveness and relevance.Practical implicationsPractitioners and researchers can use these inputs to develop technology and business solutions with specific design elements to gain benefit of this technology at larger scale for increasing agriculture production.Social implicationsThis paper brings new developed methods and practices in agriculture for betterment of society.Originality/valueThis paper provides a comprehensive review of extant literature and presents a theoretical framework for researchers to further examine the interaction of independent variables responsible for adoption of AI in agriculture.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-10-2020-0448
Bridging the gap in real estate enterprise: the impact of mentoring on entrepreneurial intentions of real estate students in Nigeria
Authors: Ayodele Timothy Oluwafemi , Ekemode Benjamin Gbolahan , Kajimo-Shakantu Kahilu 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of mentoring on real estate students' entrepreneurial intentions with a focus on Nigeria, an emerging African economy. Specifically, the study assessed the influence of mentoring on the entrepreneurial intentions and career preferences of real estate students and analysed the influence of having a real estate mentor on the respondents' perception of the motivators and inhibitors to their entrepreneurial intentions.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a descriptive research approach using closed-ended questionnaires. The study population comprise final year real estate students selected from three federal universities offering Real Estate in southwest Nigeria. Total enumeration was adopted for the study. From a total population of 231 students, a response rate of 69.26%, representing 160 questionnaire were retrieved and found suitable for the analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were employed for data analysis.FindingsThe result shows that the factor structure of the motivators for students who have real estate mentors clustered into four constructs; in order of influence are personal fulfilment/satisfaction, flexibility/financial motives, mentoring/economic influences and personal preferences/prestige and status. Meanwhile, economic/independence, personal preference/fulfilment, financial motives/self-perception and mentoring were the factor clusters influencing intention for real estate enterprise by students who have no real estate mentor. Predominant debacles across both categories of respondents relate to the lack of support and market uncertainty.Practical implicationsThere is a growing body of knowledge exploring the linkages between mentoring and the development of entrepreneurial intentions. However, scant empirical investigations have examined the impact of mentoring on real estate students, especially from the perspectives of emerging markets which are usually characterised by low economic opportunities and where issues of graduate unemployment appear endemic and yet to be appropriately resolved.Originality/valueThis study explores the implications of mentoring on the entrepreneurial intentions of real estate students' from the perspective of an emerging market.
Fan‐Led Review of Football Governance: A Kick in the Right Direction or a Maoist Collective Power Grab?
Authors: Maguire Kieran 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Fan‐Led Review of Football Governance, chaired by Tracey Crouch MP, has recently been published and makes forty‐seven recommendations in relation to the professional game in England. The core recommendations are: the creation of an independent regulator; more scrutiny of ownership and directors; financial review and redistribution; governance over issues of history and heritage; fan consultation; golden shares; parity for women’s football; diversity and player welfare. The report has led to a lukewarm response from football authorities and clubs, but has been welcomed by fans and commentators.
Bacterial rather than fungal diversity and community assembly drive soil multifunctionality in a subtropical forest ecosystem
Authors: Han Shun , Tan Shuang , Wang Achen , Chen Wenli , Huang Qiaoyun 
Published: December 2021

SummaryMicrobial diversities are key drivers of soil multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems and are important for stability and productivity of ecosystems. However, the relationships among microbial diversity, community assembly and soil multifunctionality in forest ecosystems remained unclear. Here, soil samples were collected from a subtropical forest ecosystem, Lushan Mountain, China. High‐throughput sequencing was employed to reveal the bacterial/fungal community assembly and biodiversity, as well as 10 enzyme activities were measured to assess soil multifunctionality. We found that soil multifunctionality was negatively regulated by bacterial and fungal alpha diversity, implying a higher potential functional redundancy in this forest soil. The null model indicated that deterministic processes (variable selection) and stochastic processes (dispersal limitation) govern bacterial and fungal phylogenetic turnover, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that bacterial rather than fungal community assembly processes have a significant linkage to soil multifunctionality. These observations projected that soil variables could regulate multifunctionality by shaping the phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover of bacteria rather than fungi. In summary, our study highlighted that soil multifunctionality is mainly driven by bacterial diversity and community assembly processes while not fungal, presenting different views and knowledge of microbial diversity and community assembly processes in ecosystem functioning.
Combined targeting of EGFR and BRAF triggers regression of osimertinib resistance by using osimertinib and vemurafenib concurrently in a patient with heterogeneity between different lesions
Authors: Sun Mengyao , Wang Xu , Xu Yinghui , Sun Chao , Guo Ye , Qiu Shi , Zhao Renshan , Zhu Wenhao , Ma Kewei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAcquired BRAF V600E mutation can occur in tumors with EGFR mutation and is suspected as a resistance mechanism to third‐generation EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, the treatment strategy for the coexistence of EGFR and acquired BRAF mutation with heterogeneity in lung cancer has not been systematically established. Here, we report a patient in whom BRAF V600E and EGFR 19del mutation in a metastatic lesion followed by disease progression on osimertinib was detected. Treatment with single‐agent vemurafenib was effective for treatment of the metastatic lesion in this patient but the primary lesion progressed. A concurrent combination of vemurafenib and osimertinib was therefore administered and a partial response of both primary and metastatic lesions was achieved with progression‐free survival (PFS) of 7 months. The concurrent combination treatment was well tolerated by the patient through dosing modification and supportive medical care. This case highlights the consideration of heterogeneity between different lesions and provides a successful example of the concurrent therapy with vemurafenib and osimertinib for triggering regression of osimertinb resistance induced by BRAF mutation.
Development of a core outcome set for general intensive care unit patients—A protocol
Authors: Kjær Maj‐Brit Nørregaard , Granholm Anders , Vesterlund Gitte Kingo , Estrup Stine , Sivapalan Praleene , Bruun Camilla Rahbek Lysholm , Mortensen Camilla Bekker , Poulsen Lone Musaeus , Møller Morten Hylander , Christensen Steffen , Strøm Thomas , Laerkner Eva , Brøchner Anne Craveiro , Rasmussen Bodil Steen , Vestergaard Stine Rom , Barot Emily , Madsen Martin Bruun , Egerod Ingrid , Perner Anders , Collet Marie Oxenbøll 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionDifferent outcomes are reported in randomised clinical trials (RCTs) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and no core outcome set (COS) is available for ICU patients in general. Accordingly, we aim to develop a COS for ICU patients in general.MethodsThe COS will be developed in accordance with the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) Handbook, using a modified Delphi consensus process and semi‐structured interviews involving adults who have survived acute admission to an ICU, family members, clinicians, researchers and other stakeholders. The modified Delphi process will include two steps. Step 1: conduction of a modified Delphi survey, developed and informed by combining the outputs of a literature search of outcomes in previous COSs and semi‐structured interviews with key stakeholders. We plan at least two survey rounds to obtain consensus and refine the COS. Step 2: a consensus process regarding instruments or definitions to be recommended for the measurements of the outcomes selected in Step 1. A ‘patient and public involvement panel’ consisting of a smaller group of patients, family members, clinicians and researchers will be included in the development, analysis and interpretation of the COS.DiscussionThe outlined multiple method studies will establish a COS for ICU patients in general, which may be used to increase the standardisation and comparability of results of RCTs conducted in patients in the ICU setting.
Tolerance, biochemistry and related gene expression in Pagiophloeus tsushimanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) exposed to chemical stress from headspace host‐plant volatiles
Authors: Li Shouyin , Wang Jingting , Chen Cong , Li Hui , Hao Dejun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Camphor, Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl, is used for mothproofing material due to its content of secondary metabolites. However, the phloem‐feeding weevil, Pagiophloeus tsushimanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), has been observed to feed exclusively on this plant without incurring apparent fitness costs. This phenomenon remains to be elucidated.
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of essential oil extracted from the phloem of camphor tree was performed. The top three components, all monoterpenoids, were eucalyptol (31.9%), D‐camphor (19.2%) and linalool (10.2%), respectively.
In headspace bioassays, both eggs and larvae showed the greatest sensitivity to eucalyptol, and there was a bell‐shaped relationship between the concentrations used and developmental time for eggs when exposed to D‐camphor volatile.
Exposure to essential oil mixture and D‐camphor notably increased the activity of glutathione S‐transferase in the weevil. A corresponding short‐term induction of gene expression was also observed according to quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis.
In general, P. tsushimanus possessed various levels of tolerance to different host monoterpenoids. Over‐expression of glutathione S‐transferase in vivo probably relates to detoxification metabolism of these monoterpenoids. Our findings provide a valuable clue to understanding the mechanism underlying resistance to host‐specific chemical defences in this weevil pest.
Forensic DNA phenotyping: Canis familiaris breed classification and skeletal phenotype prediction using functionally significant skeletal SNPs and indels
Authors: Raymond Patrick W. , Velie Brandon D. , Wade Claire M. 
Published: December 2021

SummaryThis review highlights a novel application of breed identification and prediction of skeletal traits in forensic investigations using canine DNA evidence. Currently, genotyping methods used for canine breed classification involve the application of highly polymorphic short tandem repeats in addition to larger commercially available SNP arrays. Both applications face technical challenges. An additional approach to breed identification could be through genotyping SNPs and indels that characterise the array of skeletal differences displayed across domestic dog populations. Research has shown that a small number of genetic variants of large effect drive differences in skeletal phenotypes among domestic dog breeds. This feature makes functionally significant canine skeletal variants a cost‐effective target for forensic investigators to classify individuals according to their breed. Further analysis of these skeletal variants would enable the prediction of external appearance. To date, functionally significant genes with genetic variants associated with differences in size, bulk, skull shape, ear shape, limb length, digit type, and tail morphology have been uncovered. Recommendations of a cost‐effective genotyping method that can be readily designed and applied by forensic investigators have been given. Further advances to improve the field of canine skeletal forensic DNA phenotyping include the refinement of phenotyping methods, further biological validation of the skeletal genetic variants and establishing a publicly available database for storage of allele frequencies of the skeletal genetic variants in the wider domestic dog population.
Late follow‐up of genital and ophthalmologic chronic graft‐vs‐host disease in females after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Smith Knutsson Eva , Nicklasson Malin , Björk Yvonne , Stenberg Kristina , Sundfeldt Karin , Brune Mats 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionGenital chronic graft‐vs‐host disease (cGvHD) is a common late effect after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. In a previous cross‐sectional study, prevalence, signs and symptoms of genital and extra‐genital cGvHD were accounted for in a cohort of 42 women. Classifications of cGvHD were performed as per the National Institutes of Health (NIH) 2005 criteria. In this follow‐up study on surviving women, the aim was to assess genital and extra‐genital cGvHD status after long period of time. Our hypothesis was that signs and symptoms of cGvHD alleviate over time.Material and methodsAll surviving women (n = 38) were re‐examined by an ophthalmologist, a gynecologist and a hematologist. Signs and symptoms were classified according to the NIH 2014 criteria. Clinical scorings of affected organs were combined for estimating global score of cGvHD. To make possible comparisons between the two studies, data from the original study were re‐classified as per the NIH 2014 criteria, and the four dead women were excluded. The same questionnaires were completed. Cervical smear, human papilloma virus test and vulvar photo‐documentation were performed.ResultsMedian time after original study was 8.4 (5.8–12) years and after transplant 14.5 (10–19.3) years. The prevalence of genital cGvHD was similar in the original (50%) and follow‐up (58%) studies (p = 0.646) as well as extra‐genital cGvHD. Systemic corticosteroid treatment of cGvHD was ongoing in 34% and 29%, respectively (p = 0.805). Ocular cGvHD was found in 24 of 37 examined women (65%) in the follow‐up study. Genital cGvHD had disappeared in three women and developed in two women 5–12 and 9–17 years, respectively, after transplantation. The severity of global cGvHD changed over time in 14 women, but was the same on group level (p = 0.345). Atrophic mucous membranes as in estrogen deficiency were seen in 66%. Three women had human papilloma virus genotypes associated with the risk of developing cervical cancer.ConclusionsChronic GvHD did not alleviate over time. Allotransplanted women require early and continuous life‐long contact with a gynecologist and an ophthalmologist for the detection of cGvHD. Specific attention should be given to the need for local estrogen and the risk of genital epithelial malignancies.
To act or not to act? How do pregnant employees perform based on family‐supportive supervisor behavior
Authors: Duan Jinyun , Xu Tingting , Cai Yujie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFemale employees' experience of pregnancy can have an impact on their work performance and behavior. We investigate the impact of female employees' pregnancy status (whether pregnant or not) on their impression‐management motives (IMM) and their in‐role and extra‐role performance. We also examine the role of family‐supportive supervisor behavior (FSSB) in the relationship between employees' pregnancy status and their IMM. A three‐wave survey of 129 female employees (not pregnant: 74; pregnant: 55) and their direct supervisors in 52 organizations located in Eastern China revealed that female employees' pregnancy status had an indirect effect on their performance through IMM and that FSSB moderates this indirect relationship. Specifically, if female employees are pregnant, they have higher IMM, which is associated with higher performance when FSSB is lower. However, this indirect relationship is not significant for female employees who experience higher levels of FSSB. Both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
A systematic review of methods used to conduct decentralised clinical trials
Authors: Rogers Amy , De Paoli Giorgia , Subbarayan Selvarani , Copland Rachel , Harwood Kate , Coyle Joanne , Mitchell Lyn , MacDonald Thomas M. , Mackenzie Isla S. ,   Trials@Home Consortium
Published: December 2021

AimsTo evaluate, using quantitative and qualitative approaches, published data on the design and conduct of decentralised clinical trials (DCTs).MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses,ClinicalTrials.gov, OpenGrey and Google Scholar for publications reporting, discussing, or evaluating decentralised clinical research methods. Reports of randomised clinical trials using decentralised methods were included in a focused quantitative analysis with a primary outcome of number of randomised participants. All publications discussing or evaluating DCTs were included in a wider qualitative analysis to identify advantages, disadvantages, facilitators, barriers and stakeholder opinions of decentralised clinical trials. Quantitative data were summarised using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data analysed using a thematic approach.ResultsInitial searches identified 19 704 articles. After removal of duplicates, 18 553 were screened, resulting in 237 eligible for full‐text assessment. Forty‐five trials were included in the quantitative analysis; 117 documents were included in the qualitative analysis. Trials were widely heterogeneous in design and reporting, precluding meta‐analysis of the effect of DCT methods on the primary recruitment outcome. Qualitative analysis formulated 4 broad themes: value, burden, safety and equity. Participant and stakeholder experiences of DCTs were incompletely represented.ConclusionDCTs are developing rapidly. However, there is insufficient evidence to confirm which methods are most effective in trial recruitment, retention, or overall cost. The identified advantages, disadvantages, facilitators and barriers should inform the development of DCT methods. We recommend further research on how DCTs are experienced and perceived by participants and stakeholders to maximise potential benefits.
Blockade of TMEM16A protects against renal fibrosis by reducing intracellular Cl− concentration
Authors: Li Xiao‐Long , Liu Jing , Chen Xiao‐Shan , Cheng Li‐Min , Liu Wei‐Ling , Chen Xing‐Feng , Li Yue‐Jiao , Guan Yong‐Yuan , Zeng Xin , Du Yan‐Hua 
Published: December 2021

Background and PurposeRenal fibrosis is the final common outcome in most forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the underlying causal mechanisms remain obscure. The present study examined whether transmembrane member 16A (TMEM16A), a Ca2+‐activated chloride channel, contributes to the progression of renal fibrosis.Experimental ApproachMasson staining, western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to measure renal fibrosis and related proteins expression. MQAE was used to evaluate the intracellular Cl− concentration.Key ResultsTMEM16A expression was significantly up‐regulated in fibrotic kidneys of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and high‐fat diet murine models and in renal samples of IgA nephropathy patients. In vivo knockdown of TMEM16A with adenovirus harbouring TMEM16A‐shRNA or inhibition of TMEM16A channel activity with inhibitors CaCCinh‐A01 or T16Ainh‐A01 effectively prevented UUO‐induced renal fibrosis and decreased protein expression of fibronectin, α‐SMA and collagen in the obstructed kidneys. In cultured HK2 cells, knockdown or inhibition of TMEM16A suppressed TGF‐β1‐induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition, reduced snail1 expression and phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and ERK1/2, whereas overexpression of TMEM16A showed the opposite effects. TGF‐β1 increased [Cl−]i in HK2 cells, which was inhibited by knockdown or inhibition of TMEM16A. Reducing [Cl−]i significantly blunted TGF‐β1‐induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation and profibrotic factors expression. The profibrotic effects of TGF‐β1 were also reduced by inhibition of serum‐ and glucocorticoid‐inducible protein kinase 1 (SGK1). SGK1 was also suppressed by reducing [Cl−]i.Conclusion and ImplicationsBlockade of TMEM16A prevented the progression of kidney fibrosis, likely by suppressing [Cl−]i/SGK1/TGF‐β1 signalling pathway. TMEM16A may be a potential new therapeutic target against renal fibrosis.