bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Petroduric and 'petrosepiolitic' horizons in soils of Namaqualand, South Africa .
Authors: Francis Michele Louise , Ellis Freddie , V. Fey Martin , Poch Rosa María 
Published: September 2021

Indurated, light-coloured 'sepiocrete' horizons have been found in Namaqualand Calcisols and Durisols. These horizons resembled calcrete but were non- to only mildly calcareous, resisted slaking in acid and alkali, and often broke with a conchoidal fracture. The presence of elevated quantities of sepiolite in the bulk-soil was confirmed by XRD analysis. The degree of induration in some these horizons suggested cementation by silica, and so in this paper the slaking properties, bulk chemistry, mineralogy and micromorphology of these horizons are compared with the typical silica-cemented, reddish-brown petroduric/duripan (dorbank) encountered in the region. 'Sepiocrete' horizons are chemically, mineralogically and morphologically distinct from the petrocalcic and petroduric horizons with which they are commonly associated. Micromorphology of the petroduric horizons revealed prominent illuviation in the form of oriented clay parallel to grains and crescent coatings on voids, a red matrix due to iron oxides, and translucent, isotropic amorphous silica coatings on grains and voids. In the 'sepiocrete' horizons, sepiolite appeared as a matrix of interlocking, sub-parallel fibres while the amorphous material was localised. The amorphous material was silica-rich with prominent aluminium and lesser magnesium; light brown under plane polarised light; not completely isotropic and had a lower birefringence than the sepiolite. The calcite was usually micritic, but also appeared as loose granules and as elongate crystals in a sepiolite matrix. The presence of the laminar Si-Al -rich areas on the sections suggested at the least localised duric properties and so mutual reinforcement of sepiolite and silica is possible. However, the 'sepiocrete' horizons did not meet the slaking requirements of the petroduric (dorbank) horizons and are distinct in appearance to the typical petroduric horizons in the region. They contained more MgO than the region’s typical petroduric, and too little SiO<sub>2</sub> to be silcrete. While the '-crete' terminology provides a useful expression of the cemented nature of the horizon, in order to fit existing soil classification and description schemes the terms 'sepiolitic' and 'petrosepiolitic' (in the same sense as 'calcic' and 'petrocalcic') are proposed and defined. The term 'sepiolitic' would be useful in the adjectival form in petrocalcic or petroduric horizons where sepiolite is significant but not the primary cement. The genesis of the 'petrosepiolitic' horizons is likely to be essentially similar to that of petrocalcic and petroduric horizons, except for chemical differences in the matrix solutions from which secondary minerals were precipitated, dictated by the pH and evaporative evolution of the soil solution.
Urban planning and archeological conscience: The impact of soil sealing on archaeological sites
Authors: García Rodríguez Pilar , Álvarez García Beatriz 
Published: September 2021

Soil sealing (permanent covering of an area by impermeable artificial material) is one of the most serious problems affecting ecosystems in Western Europe. Numerous studies have analysed this issue from an ecological approach, but very few take into account its impact on one of soil’s essential functions, namely the preservation of archaeological sites. Spanish laws on historic heritage (1985) and environmental impact (2013) have tackled the matter by legislating measures for the preservation of heritage. Furthermore, in 1992 Spain signed the Valletta Treaty (the European Convention on the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage) of the Council of Europe, and further ratified it in 2011. Historians, archaeologists and soil scientists should respond to this threat using a multidisciplinary approach. The present study analyses the impact that soil sealing has had on the Roman city of Complutum, located on the Henares River plain (Madrid, España) on highly fertile Fluvisols and Calcisols. One of the aims of this study is to show that the combined use of aerial photos and satellite images provides a continuously updated file of urban development processes and therefore makes it possible to foresee the impact on archaeological sites. At present, medium and high spatial resolution images (Spot and Landsat satellites) can be obtained free of charge and digital processing makes it possible to map any variations in these sites. Another aim of the study is to analyse the importance of soil type and quality in establishing settlements in corridors which have served as important communication routes. There is a greater likelihood of urban planning and development processes in the immediate surroundings of these routes over the years, implying that it is highly probable that pre-existing sites will be destroyed.</p><div> </div>
Microdiagnostics of initial pedogenesis on a phosphogypsum dump
Authors: Belobrov Victor Petrovich , Lebedeva M. P. , Abrosimov K. N. , Grebennikov A. M. , Torochkov E. L. , Ryashko A. I. 
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the results of the study of initial pedogenesis on phosphogypsum dump rocks under dry steppe bioclimatic conditions (Balakovo, Saratov Region, Russia). It was shown that a soil crust about 3 cm thick was formed at the dump surface as a result of natural pedogenic processes over a period of 20-30 years. Such soil crusts act to cement the surface and protect the dump material from deflation and water erosion. The crust was shown to consist of two parts that can be distinguished by morphological features: an upper part (about 2 cm thick) of a more firmly bound material more grey in colour and a lower part (about 1 cm thick) with a looser consistency and lighter colour. The structural organisation is primarily determined by the presence of live roots of grasses and mosses, which is characteristic of a biogenic crust. The two parts of the crust were characterized at both macro- and micro-scales, by use of thin sections and tomographic imagery. The presence of humification features and porosity observed within the crust allowed for the diagnostics of initial pedogenesis.</p><p align="center"> </p><p align="center">
PENGEMBANGAN PERPUSTAKAAN DIGITAL PUSLATA UT DALAM MENDUKUNG SISTEM BELAJAR JARAK JAUH
Authors: Irmayati Irmayati 
Published: September 2021

Universitas Terbuka (UT) yang merupakan salah satu perguruan tinggi yangÂ penyelenggaraannya menggunakan sistem belajar jarak jauh. Proses belajar mengajar tidakÂ dilakukan secara tatap muka melainkan melalui jarak jauh dengan menggunakan berbagaiÂ saluran media, baik media cetak (modul) maupun non-cetak (audio/video, komputer/internet,Â siaran radio dan telelvisi). Majunya teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK) memberikanÂ keuntungan bagi UT dalam pengembangan sistem pembelajarannya. Salah satu bentukÂ pemanfaatan TIK tersebut adalah dikembangkannya perpustakaan digital yang berada diÂ bawah unit Pusat layanan pustaka (Puslata UT). Jurnal ini akan menggambarkan tentangÂ pengembangan dan pemaafaatan Perpustakaan Digital Puslata UT dalam mendukung sistemÂ belajar jarak jauh.
PEMBELAJARAN SAINS PADA PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Asep Saepudin Asep Saepudin 
Published: September 2021

Abstrak:Substansi pembelajaran sains pada program Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) diorientasikan pada proses pengenalan dan proses penguasaan tentang sains sesuai dengan tingkat usianya, sehingga kedua proses tersebut diharapkan menjadi titik awal penguasaan sains untuk level selanjutnya. Oleh karena itu, wilayah garapan pembelajaran sains bagi anak usia dini meliputi dua dimensi besar, pertama dilihat dari isi bahan kajian dan kedua dilihat dari bidang pengembangan atau kemampuan yang akan dicapai. Langkah-langkah pembelajaran sains diawali dengan: 1) perumusan tujuan, 2) penentuan material, 3) setting lingkungan, 4) pengembangan kegiatan, 5) pemberian penghargaan, dan 6) tindakan pengayaan. Penerapan langkah-langkah tersebut, secara umum dibagi menjadi tiga pendekatan, yaitu: 1) pendekatan yang bersifat situasional, 2) pendekatan yang bersifat terpisah atau tersendiri, dan 3) pendekatan yang bersifat terintegrasi. Evaluasi akhir kegiatan pembelajaran sains pada PAUD dilakukan untuk menelusuri tingkat keberhasilan pembelajaran sains, sehingga diketahui upaya upaya selanjutnya, baik tindakan perbaikan, pengayaan, maupun pengembangan lainnya. Kata kunci: anak usia dini, pendidikan, dan pembelajaran sains.Abstract:Substance of science learning in early childhood education programs is directed at the introduction and mastery of science process in accordance with his age level, so that both processes are expected to be the starting point of mastery of science at the next level. Therefore, the claim of science learning for early childhood children includes two major dimensions, first seen from the content and study materials and second visits of the field of development or the ability to be achieved. The scope of the content of study materials includes materials related discipline or field of study. While the scope of the aspects of the development or ability, consists of three dimensions of product mastery of science, the mastery of science processes and mastery of science attitudes. The procedure in learning science begins with:(1) formulation of objectives, (2) determination of the material, (3) the environmental setting,(4) development activities, (5) award, and (6) enrichment action. Application of the procedure, generally divided into three approaches, namely: 1) a situational approach, 2) an approach that is separate or distinct, and 3) the approaches that are merged or integrated with other disciplines. FinalÂ evaluation of science learning activities in early childhood education is conducted in a systematic and sustainable way for the purpose of tracking and determining the level of success of science learning, so the next efforts will be recognized whether they are improvement, correction, enrichment or other development efforts. Keywords: Early Childhood, Education, Science Learning.
TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI UNTUK PENDIDIKAN SAINS DAN KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Miftah Mohamad 
Published: September 2021

Abstrak:Perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi informasi memicu perubahan-perubahan sosial yang terjadi di tengah-tengah kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia dari pola interaksi masyarakat, gaya hidup sampai pola berpikirnya. Dalam hal demikian, instrumen-instrumen pendidikan mengalami perubahan fungsi menjadi sumber informasi. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengkaji peran dan dampak TIK dalam bidang pendidikan sains dan kehidupan masyarakat; dan 2) mengkaji keuntungan dan kekurangan peran dan dampak TIK dalam bidang pendidikan sains dan kehidupan masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil kajian diketahui bahwa peran TIK dalam berbagai pendidikan sains; sebagai sumber bahan belajar yang up to date, rujukan data dan media pembelajaran, dapat membantu penelusuran artikel jurnal hasil penelitian yang berkualitas, pengaksesan bank data dan simulasi maya suatu fenomena alam. Dampak TIK bagi kehidupan masyarakat terdapat sejumlah faktor yang menimbulkan kesenjangan pemerataan informasi di kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia. Solusi dampak dari TIK adalah kita harus membangun kemampun untuk merubah diri. Kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik dari peran TIK bagi kehidupan masyarakat yaitu masyarakat menjadi semakin kritis, cerdas dan berani.Kata kunci: Peran, dampak, Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, pendidikan sains.Â Abstract:The development of science and information technology has triggered social changes of Indonesian public life from community interaction patterns, lifestyle until a pattern of thinking. In such cases, the instruments of education has changed as the source of information. This paper aims to: 1) examine the role and impact of ICT in science education and community life; and 2) assess the advantages and disadvantages of the role and impact of ICT in science education and community life. Based on the results of the study note that the role of ICTs in science education; as a source of up to date learning materials, reference data and instructional media, assisting to find qualified research in journal articles, accessing a data bank and a virtual simulation of natural phenomena. One of the impacts of ICT to peopleâ€™s lives is creating inequity gap in the distribution of information. This way, we must build a capacity to change ourselves. In conclusion, ICT has enabled society to become smarter, more critical and more courageous.Key words: Role, impact, Information and Communication Technology, science education.
Teaching Interpreting: Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature Experience
Authors: Islamovich Sayfullaev Anvar 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to suggest some effective ways of training interpreters and to share the experience of Tashkent state university of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi with the same purpose of interpreter training. More specifically, it deals with theoretical views of different scholars about simultaneous interpreting to understand what actions the process of simultaneous interpreting involves and what skills a person is required to have in order to carry out this task. Training simultaneous interpreting is very complicated and complex task because it involves a great number of objectives to be realized. The concern of our investigation is the methods of teaching interpreting, the ways to make interpreter training i more effective and efficient. The reason why we undertook this research is that even though a lot have been done in this field of study by many scholars of the world, the problems specific to training interpreters in such language pair as Uzbek- English has still remained untouched. The article shares experiences of university staff about linguistic competency of interpreters, their aptitude to work in stressful settings, deep and well-structured background knowledge, ability to anticipate the words to be used in phrases, and their ability to apply various techniques that help them in interpreting task as their career. After the establishment of Tashkent state University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navai in 2016, professor Sh.S. Sirojiddinov, its rector, and specialists interpreters training took the course towards developing special programs targeting at holding the conference for training interpreters becoming qualified in translating from Uzbek into English and vice versa. The President of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev considered this program as one of the priority tasks demanded for the administration and staff of university administrators and staff. The decision was motivated by the shortage of highly qualified interpreters who can interpret from Uzbek into English and from English into Uzbek during international conferences and forums.
Profil Penderita Kondiloma Akuminata Di Poliklinik Kulit Dan Kelamin Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin Periode Januari 2016 Sampai Desember 2019
Authors: Effendi Arif , Purwaningrum Ratna , Hamzah Muhammad Syafei , Maulana Aland 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT: PROFILE OF CONDYLOMA AKUMINATA PATIENTS IN THE SKIN AND SEX POLYCLINIC OF PERTAMINA BINTANG AMIN HOSPITAL FOR THE PERIOD OF JANUARY 2016 TO DECEMBER 2019. Introduction: Sexually transmitted infection (STI) is one of the diseases and causes of health, social and economic problems in many countries. According to WHO, more than 1 million sexually transmitted infections are acquired every day in various parts of the world and more than 290 million women have human papillomavirus infection. In America, data from the CDC shows new cases with more than 19.7 million sexually transmitted infections each year, and about 14.1 million cases are human papillomavirus infections. Objective: This study aims to find out information about the profile of condyloma acuminata sufferers at the Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital for the period January 2016 to December 2019.Methods: This study used quantitative descriptive analysis with the aim of knowing the profile of patients with condyloma acuminata. Sampling was done by using the total sampling method. The sample in this study were patients with condyloma acuminata who were treated at the Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital for the period January 2016 to December 2019 totaling 22 patient medical records. Results: It was found that patients with condyloma acuminata were more commonly found in the age group of 26 to 35 years (early adulthood), as many as 9 patients (40.9) in the female sex, namely 17 patients (77.3%) with married status. as many as 17 patients (77.3) while based on the management of patients more were given treatment using electric surgery, namely as many as 8 patients (36.4%).Conclusion: Patients with condyloma acuminata in order to maintain their health condition, and avoid risk factors that can increase the occurrence of condyloma acuminata, it is hoped that health workers can hold health promotion activities about the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, especially condyloma acuminata and this research can be used as additional information to develop further research regarding the factors that have not been studied in this study Keywords: Condyloma acuminata, sexually transmitted infection, HPV
Severe acute pancreatitis- it's diagnosis and management- A study of 20 cases
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Monir , Hossain S M Shakwat , Hossain Delowar 
Published: September 2021

Background: Severe acute pancreatitis is defined as pancreatitis in which there is persistent organ failure that does not resolve within 48 hours. Severe acute Pancreatitis is characterized by pancreatic necrosis, a severe systemic inflammatory response and often multiorgan failure. Severe acute pancreatitis is a serious and life threatening disease. Mortality varies from 20 to 50 percent.
Objective: The objectives of this study are to develop our knowledge about presentation and diagnosis of severe acute pancreatitis, and to develop a standard management protocol to rescue that patient suffering from severe acute pancreatitis.
Methods: This observational study was carried out in Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka, during the period of August 2014 - Feb 2015. A total 20 patients of severe acute pancreatitis were studied prospectively, evaluated and managed.
Results: In this study, out of 20 patients 12(60%) male and 08(40%) female. Male: Female = 3:2. The youngest patient of this series was 03 years and oldest was of 55 years. First categorization of severity of acute pancreatitis was done on the basis of Ranson score. Those patients whose score is 3 or more are categorized as severe. After categorization subsequent management was planned on the basis of laboratory and CT findings. Out of 20 patients all have raised WBC, serum Calcium level decrease in 16 patients, LDH raised in 16 patients, PaO2 decrease in 14 patients, Base deficitincreased in 12 patients, and blood urea nitrate raised in 14 patients. Contrast enhanced CT scan done in all patients and 12 patients were found with reduced enhancement in pancreas, peripancreatic edema and stranding of fatty tissue and remaining 8 patients have fluid collected in peri- and retro pancreatic space. Total 12 patients were given conservative treatment. Remaining 8 patients were operated whose CT findings were reduced enhancement in pancreas and these patients were suspected for infective pancreatic necrosis. In this study 3 patients were expired. Out of these three patients, 2 patients underwent operative intervention and 1 patient was given conservative treatment.
Conclusion: Severe acute pancreatitis is a life threatening condition. Its serious regional and systemic involvement causes multiple organ or system failure. Early diagnosis and effective treatment can significantly reduce the mortality and morbidity.
CBMJ 2019 July: Vol. 08 No. 02 P: 17-29
Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Fasting Serum Glucose in Healthy Male Population
Authors: Naznin Rubiat , Nazrina Sayeda , Parveen Shahanaz , Ansary Nahid Bintay , Nasrin Shamima , Khanom Aklima , Taskia Tanzina , Muktadira - , Hussain Maria 
Published: September 2021

Acute effects of cigarette smoking include impaired insulin action that leads to abnormal glucose metabolism. Smoking is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes which is one of the global health crises and insulin resistance is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This cross-sectional study was done to examine whether fasting serum glucose differs between cigarette smokers compared to non-smokers and to investigate the association of cigarette smoking with the development of impaired fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes. This study was done in the Physiology department of Mymensingh Medical College, an outpatient department of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, for over a period of one year from July 2014 to June 2015. Fasting serum blood glucose was done by enzymetric colorometric GOD-PAP method in a total of 150 subjects, in which non-smokers were 50 and numbers of smokers were 100 with the duration of smoking 5 - 10 years and >10 years. A questionnaire including data was completed in all cases. The data were checked, coded, and entered into an SPSS 11.5. Statistical significance of difference among the groups was calculated by Students unpaired t' test. P-value <0.05 was considered as a level of significance. Fasting Serum Glucose level was increased gradually with the duration of smoking in smokers than the non-smokers. Results were statistically highly significant. Fasting Serum Glucose gradually increase with the duration of smoking and results were within the physiological limit in two study groups (Group-II A with 5-10 years duration of smoking and Group- II B with more than 10 years duration of smoking) but not statistically significant. This study showed cigarette smoking has deleterious effects on insulin metabolism causing an increase in serum glucose with duration of smoking period.
CBMJ 2019 July: Vol. 08 No. 02 P: 36-39
Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Buku “Muslimah yang Diperdebatkan” Karya Kalis Mardiasih
Authors: Nafiah Azizatun , Bakar M. Yunus Abu 
Published: September 2021

Kalis Mardiasih is a pro-feminism woman who writes about the phenomena encountered in society particularly that occurred to a Muslima in her book “Muslimah Yang Diperdebatkan”. This book deals with many of the recent phenomena, including the use of hijab and social media abuses. Through literature study approaches, the values of Islamic education in the book are then aligned with concepts from different sources of literature. The function of Islamic education in addition to tauhid and worship another function of Islamic education is the founding of moral and social value to learners. The process of integrating value can be by sharing the activity like the cultivating of conduct. The roles of the various elements of Islamic education here are particularly influential in habituation, especially the roles of teachers and parents who are often directly involved with learners.