bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Hemodialysis Unit for Care Receivers in a Specialized Hospital
Authors: Sultana Arifa , Islam ANM Shamsul , Mittra China Rani , Khatun Salma , Saha Ashees Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Background: Chronic Kidney disease is becoming a global public health problem throughout the world.
Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the management status of hemodialysis unit for care receivers in a specialized hospital.
Methodology: This was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study. The participants were selected by purposive sampling method on the basis of defined selection criteria from January 2015 to December 2016. The place of study was National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology (NIKDU) hospital, Dhaka. The research instruments were a semi structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Data were collected from respondents by face to face interview and an observational Checklist was also used to collect information regarding administrative facility, physical facility and utility services.
Result: The findings of the study were presented by frequency, percentage in tables. Means and standard deviations for continuous variables and frequency distributions for categorical variables were used to describe the characteristics of the total sample. Among the service receiver, mean age was 46.65±13.53 years of which 69.9 %( n=58) were male and their average monthly income Tk. 20670±14811. Formalin and hydrogen per oxide were used to wash dialyzer. In the support services unit, equipment and stationery were supplied always. Ratio of health care receiver and provider in the unit was Patient-doctor ratio 1:15 and Patient-nurse ratio 1:6. From the respondents 38 (45.8%) said that, doctor/ nurse visit them thrice per cycle. In majority of respondents, were satisfied regarding the unit including doctors and nurses activities, physical facilities, and cleanliness of the unit, except the cleanliness of toilet.
Conclusion: Increasing number of functioning dialysis machine, skilled manpower, medicine supply and strict infection control measure could be helpful to improve the management status of the hemodialysis unit of NIKDU.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(2):84-89
Model Pemgembangan Mutu Pendidikan Dalam Perspektif Philip. B. Crosby
Authors: Rahman Marita Lailia 
Published: January 2021

Some figures present the concept of quality to the world’s corporate which then many scientists have adopted for the education’s world. The famous Deming’s quality concept is plan, do, check, analyze, while the famous Juran’s quality concept is quality planning, quality controlling, and quality improvement. All these concepts if applicable in the world of education will have a positive impact on the improvement of quality’s education. Some figures as Philip Crosby offer some strategies to increase quality. It can be adopted for educational institution to improve its quality. Crosby offer Zero Defect concept that explained for fourteen steps to applicate in every educational institution in order to manage and improve education’s quality. Every manager or the leader of educational institution should always innovate and develop their educational institutions so that students can compete in the era of globalization

[Beberapa tokoh menyajikan konsep mutu untuk dunia perusahaan yang kemudian banyak para ilmuwan yang mengadopsinya untuk dunia pendidikan. Konsep mutu Deming yang terkenal adalah plan, do, check, analyze. Sedangkan konsep mutu Juran yang terkenal adalah trilogi Juran yaitu perencanaan kualitas, pengendalian kualitas, dan perbaikan kualitas. Semua konsep tersebut jika dapat diterapkan dalam dunia pendidikan akan memiliki dampak positif bagi peningkatan mutu pendidikan. Para tokoh seperti Philip Crosby pun menawarkan beberapa strategi untuk meningkatkan mutu. Hal tersebut dapat diadopsi bagi lembaga pendidikan untuk meningkatkan kualitasnya. Crosby menawarkan konsep Zero Defect yang dijabarkan lagi dalam empat belas langkah untuk diaplikasikan dalam setiap organisasi ataupun lembaga pendidikan agar dapat mengatur dan meningkatkan mutu lembaga pendidikan. Setiap manajer atau pimpinan lembaga pendidikan seharusnya selalu berinovasi dan mengembangkan lembaga pendidikannya agar peserta didik dapat bersaing di era globalisasi.]
Acute Changes in Carotid-Femoral Pulse-Wave Velocity Are Tracked by Heart-Femoral Pulse-Wave Velocity
Authors: Stone Keeron , Fryer Simon , Faulkner James , Meyer Michelle L. , Zieff Gabriel , Paterson Craig , Burnet Kathryn , Kelsch Elizabeth , Credeur Daniel , Lambrick Danielle , Stoner Lee 
Published: January 2021

Background: Carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (cfPWV) is the reference standard measure of central arterial stiffness. However, it requires assessment of the carotid artery, which is technically challenging, and subject-level factors, including carotid artery plaque, may confound measurements. A promising alternative that overcomes these limitations is heart-femoral PWV (hfPWV), but it is not known to what extent changes in cfPWV and hfPWV are associated.Objectives: To determine, (1) the strength of the association between hfPWV and cfPWV; and (2) whether change in hfPWV is associated with change in cfPWV when central arterial stiffness is perturbed.Methods: Twenty young, healthy adults [24.0 (SD: 3.1) years, 45% female] were recruited. hfPWV and cfPWV were determined using Doppler ultrasound at baseline and following a mechanical perturbation in arterial stiffness (120 mmHg thigh occlusion). Agreement between the two measurements was determined using mixed-effects regression models and Bland-Altman analysis.Results: There was, (1) strong (ICC &gt; 0.7) agreement between hfPWV and cfPWV (ICC = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.69, 0.90), and, (2) very strong (ICC &gt; 0.9) agreement between change in hfPWV and cfPWV (ICC = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.86, 0.96). cfPWV was significantly greater than hfPWV at baseline and during thigh occlusion (both P &lt; 0.001). Inspection of the Bland-Altman plot, comparing cfPWV and corrected hfPWV, revealed no measurement magnitude bias.Discussion: The current findings indicate that hfPWV and cfPWV are strongly associated, and that change in cfPWV is very strongly associated with change in hfPWV. hfPWV may be a simple alternative to cfPWV in the identification of cardiovascular risk in clinical and epidemiological settings.
Genetics and Clinical Features of Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy in the Fetal Population
Authors: Sun Hairui , Hao Xiaoyan , Wang Xin , Zhou Xiaoxue , Zhang Ye , Liu Xiaowei , Han Jiancheng , Gu Xiaoyan , Sun Lin , Zhao Ying , Yi Tong , Zhang Hongjia , He Yihua 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy (NCCM) has been classified as primary genetic cardiomyopathy and has gained increasing clinical awareness; however, little is known about NCCM in the fetal population. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and genetic spectrum of a fetal population with NCCM.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of NCCM at a single center between October 2010 and December 2019. These cases were investigated for gestational age at diagnosis, gender, left or biventricular involvement, associated cardiac phenotypes, outcomes, and genetic testing data.Results: We identified 37 fetuses with NCCM out of 49,898 fetuses, indicating that the incidence of NCCM in the fetal population was 0.07%. Of the 37 fetuses, 26 were male, ten were female and one was of unknown gender. NCCM involvement biventricle is the most common (n = 16, 43%), followed by confined to the left ventricle (n = 14, 38%). Nineteen (51%) had additional congenital heart defects, with right-sided lesions being the most common (n = 14, 74%), followed by ventricular septal defects (n = 10, 53%). Hydrops fetalis was present in 12 cases (32%), of which four were atypical (pericardial effusion only). Sequencing analysis was performed at autopsy (n = 19) or postnatally (n = 1) on 20 fetuses. Of the 20 fetuses undergoing copy number variation sequencing and whole-exome sequencing, nine (47%) had positive genetic results, including one with a pathogenic copy number variant and eight with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants. Non-sarcomere gene mutations accounted for the vast majority (n = 7). In contrast, sarcomere gene mutations occurred in only one case (TPM1), and no mutations were identified in the three most common sarcomere genes (MYH7, TTN, and MYBPC3) of pediatric and adult patients. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were significantly more frequent in fetuses with congenital heart defects than those without congenital heart defects.Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that fetal NCCM is a unique entity. Compared with pediatric and adult NCCM, fetal NCCM is more prone to biventricle involvement, more likely to be complicated with congenital heart defects, and has a distinct genetic spectrum.
Characteristics of Blood Metabolic Profile in Coronary Heart Disease, Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Valvular Heart Disease Induced Heart Failure
Authors: Liu Chang , Li Ruihua , Liu Yang , Li Zhenguo , Sun Yujiao , Yin Peiyuan , Huang Rihong 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Metabolic impairment is one key contributor to heart failure (HF) pathogenesis and progression. The major causes of HF, coronary heart disease (CHD), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and valvular heart disease (VHD) remains poorly characterized in patients with HF from the view of metabolic profile. We sought to determine metabolic differences in CHD-, VHD-, and DCM-induced HF patients and identify significantly altered metabolites and their correlations.Procedure: In this study, a total of 96 HF cases and 97 controls were enrolled. The contents of 23 amino acids and 26 carnitines in fasting plasma were measured by a targeted liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approach.Results: Nine metabolites (Histidine, Arginine, Citrulline, Glutamine, Valine, hydroxyhexadecenyl-carnitine, acylcarnitine C22, hydroxytetradecanoyl-carnitine, and carnitine) were found to be related with the occurrence of HF. Arginine, Glutamine and hydroxytetradecanoyl-carnitine could effectively distinguish CHD and DCM patients, and hydroxytetradecanoyl-carnitine and aspartic acid were able to classify CHD and VHD cohorts.Conclusion: This study indicated that circulating amino acids and long-chain acylcarnitine levels were closely associated with progression of heart failure. Monitoring these metabolic alterations by LC-MS may help the differentiation of CHD, VHD, and DCM in the early stage, and provide new diagnostics targets or therapeutic interventions.
How Does Indian Monsoon Regulate the Northern Hemisphere Stationary Wave Pattern?
Authors: Son Jun-Hyeok , Seo Kyong-Hwan , Son Seok-Woo , Cha Dong-Hyun 
Published: January 2021

The Northern Hemisphere summer climate isstrongly affected by a circumglobal stationary Rossby wave train, which can be manifested by the first EOF mode of the geopotential height at 200 hPa. Interannual variation of this Northern Hemisphere wave (NHW) pattern has a significant impact on remarkably warm surface temperature anomalies over the North Atlantic, Northeast Europe, East Asia to Central-North Pacific, and America, particularly in 2018 and 2010. The NHW pattern is likely generated by atmospheric diabatic heating and vorticity forcing: diabatic heating is mainly confined in the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) precipitation region, whereas the anti-cyclonic vorticity forcing is distributed in the globe. The ISM is a well-known diabatic heat source; however, the main source of vorticity forcing has not been established. In general, the tropical vorticity anomaly comes from diabatic heating-induced atmospheric waves and randomly generated inherent internal waves. The linear baroclinic model experiment reveals that the NHW pattern can be generated by the westward propagating tropical waves generated by the ISM diabatic heat forcing.
Diffuse Tectonic Deformation in the Drum Mountains Fault Zone, Utah, USA: Testing the Utility of Legacy Aerial Photograph-Derived Topography
Authors: Stahl Timothy A. , Niemi Nathan A. , Delano Jaime E. , Wolfe Franklin D. , Bunds Michael P. , Howell Andrew 
Published: January 2021

The Basin and Range province in the western United States hosts numerous low-slip-rate normal faults with diffuse and subtle surface expressions. Legacy aerial photographs, widely available across the region, can be used to generate high-resolution digital elevation models of these previously uncharacterized fault systems. Here, we test the limits and utility of aerial photograph-derived elevation products on the Drum Mountains fault zone—a virtually unstudied and enigmatic fault system in the eastern Basin and Range province of central Utah. We evaluate a new 2-m digital surface model produced from aerial photographs against other remotely sensed and field survey data and assess the various factors that contribute to noise, artifacts, and distortions. Despite some challenges, the new elevation model captures the complex array of cross-cutting fault scarps well. We demonstrate that the fault zone has variable net east- or west-down sense of displacement across a c. 8-km-wide zone of antithetic and synthetic traces. Optically stimulated luminescence ages and scarp profiles are used to constrain net extension rates across two transects and reveal that the Drum Mountains fault zone has average extension rates of c. 0.1–0.4 mm yr−1over the last c. 35 ka. These rates are both faster than previously estimated and faster than most other faults in the region, and could be an order of magnitude higher if steep faults at the surface sole into a detachment at depth. Several models have been proposed for local and regional faulting at depth, but our data show that the offsets, rates, and geometries of faulting can be generated by the reactivation of pre-existing, cross-cutting faults in a structurally complex zone between other fault systems. This study highlights how legacy aerial-photograph-derived elevation products, in lieu of other high-resolution topographic datasets, can be used to study active faults, especially in remote regions where diffuse deformation would otherwise remain undetected.
Stratigraphy and Chronology of Sodicho Rockshelter – A New Sedimentological Record of Past Environmental Changes and Human Settlement Phases in Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Hensel Elena A. , Vogelsang Ralf , Noack Tom , Bubenzer Olaf 
Published: January 2021

The preservation of archaeological remains and environmental information in a sediment accumulation can vary in caves and rockshelters, depending on external climatic conditions, and the circumstances within the shelter. Several sediment stratigraphies in the Horn of Africa are characterized by erosion layers, discordances and chronological gaps, that create uncertainties about the impact of climatic and environmental shifts on human settlements. Archaeological sites in Ethiopia that preserve information about human occupation during the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene often deal with major gaps during a period corresponding to MIS 2. In this study we present the first results of sedimentological, geochemical analyses and radiocarbon dating at Sodicho Rockshelter (1930 m above sea level) that provide evidence on high altitude settlement during this mentioned chronostratigraphic gap and subsequent time slices. This new archaeological site in the southwestern Ethiopian Highlands hosts a 2-m-long sediment record. So far, a stratigraphy has been excavated that dates back to ∼27 ka, including several settlement phases of Late Pleistocene and Holocene hunter-gatherers and providing information on environmental changes. A multiproxy approach was chosen to establish a first general stratigraphy of the site and to disentangle the sediment composition as well as site formation processes. The results suggest a variation of allochthonous and autochthonous geogenic deposits, and anthropogenic accumulation processes. With the help of radiocarbon dating, anthropogenic layers were dated covering the arid Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼21 ± 2 ka). The occupation phases were interrupted in cause of environmental changes. The most prominent is the accumulation of reddish, archaeological sterile deposits that can be chronologically associated with the African Humid Period (AHP, ∼15–5 ka BP). Geochemical records point to dry spells within this humid phase, suggesting correlations with regional climate signals of lacustrine sediments. These sediment accumulations of past wet conditions are covered by alternating layers of Holocene volcanic fallout and sediments with preserved cultural material. Our study provides a preliminary impression of still poorly understood time periods of human occupation in the southwestern Ethiopian Highlands. The data obtained from Sodicho Rockshelter could validate the current state of knowledge and partially reduce the chronostratigraphic gap.
Strategies for Hydrogen-Enriched Methane Flameless Combustion in a Quasi-Industrial Furnace
Authors: Amaduzzi Ruggero , Ferrarotti Marco , Parente Alessandro 
Published: January 2021

In this present work, simulations of 20 kW furnace were carried out with hydrogen-enriched methane mixtures, to identify optimal geometrical configurations and operating conditions to operate in flameless combustion regime. The objective of this work is to show the advantages of flameless combustion for hydrogen-enriched fuels and the limits of current typical industrial designs for these mixtures. The performances of a semi-industrial combustion chamber equipped with a self-recuperative flameless burner are evaluated with increasing H2 concentrations. For highly H2-enriched mixtures, typical burners employed for methane appear to be inadequate to reach flameless conditions. In particular, for a typical coaxial injector configuration, an equimolar mixture of hydrogen and methane represents the limit for hydrogen enrichment. To achieve flameless conditions, different injector geometries and configuration were tested. Fuel dilution with CO2 and H2O was also investigated. Dilution slows the mixing process, consequently helping the transition to flameless conditions. CO2, and H2O are typical products of hydrogen generation processes, therefore their use in fuel dilution is convenient for industrial applications. Dilution thus allows the use of greater hydrogen percentages in the mixture.
CD8+ T-Cell Repertoire in Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I-Mismatched Alloreactive Immune Response
Authors: Bettens Florence , Calderin Sollet Zuleika , Buhler Stéphane , Villard Jean 
Published: January 2021

In transplantation, direct allorecognition is a complex interplay between T-cell receptors (TCR) and HLA molecules and their bound peptides expressed on antigen-presenting cells. In analogy to HLA mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the TCR CDR3β repertoires of alloreactive cytotoxic CD8+ responder T cells, defined by the cell surface expression of CD137 and triggered in vitro by HLA mismatched stimulating cells, were analyzed in different HLA class I mismatched combinations. The same HLA mismatched stimulatory cells induced very different repertoires in distinct but HLA identical responders. Likewise, stimulator cells derived from HLA identical donors activated CD8+ cells expressing very different repertoires in the same mismatched responder. To mimic in vivo inflammation, expression of HLA class l antigens was upregulated in vitro on stimulating cells by the inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IFNβ. The repertoires differed whether the same responder cells were stimulated with cells treated or not with both cytokines. In conclusion, the selection and expansion of alloreactive cytotoxic T-cell clonotypes expressing a very diverse repertoire is observed repeatedly despite controlling for HLA disparities and is significantly influenced by the inflammatory status. This makes prediction of alloreactive T-cell repertoires a major challenge in HLA mismatched HSCT.
Analysis on the Dynamic Wave Attenuation Properties of Metaconcrete Considering a Quasi-Random Arrangement of Inclusions
Authors: Briccola Deborah , Pandolfi Anna 
Published: January 2021

The mitigation properties of metaconcrete cast with two types of resonant inclusions are assessed through wave transmission tests. Three cylindric metaconcrete specimens of regular size (20 cm height, 10 cm diameter), containing an equal number of different type of inclusions disposed in a semi-regular lattice, are tested in the longitudinal direction within the sonic range of frequencies. Inclusions, bi-material spheres consisting of a heavy core coated with a soft material, are characterized by a resonant behavior, evaluated numerically with a finite element modal analysis of a unit metaconcrete cell. Each metaconcrete specimen contains six layers consisting of six engineered aggregates of different type. Inclusions are disposed by rotating each layer with respect to the adjacent ones, as so as to create a pseudo-random arrangement. Specimens are excited by a sinusoidal signal of linearly growing frequency, sweeping a range centered at the translational eigenfrequency of the resonant inclusion. A standard plain concrete specimen is used as reference to define a transmissibility coefficient, that facilitates the quantification of the attenuation properties. With respect to plain concrete, all metaconcrete specimens show a marked (up to 80–90%) attenuation of the transmitted signal in proximity of the numerically estimated eigenfrequency of the inclusion. The intensity of the attenuation is weakly dependent on the type of the inclusion, while the frequency where the attenuation is observed depends markedly on the inclusion type. As a very positive quality in the view of practical applications, experimental results confirm that the attenuation effectiveness of metaconcrete is not related to the ordered microstructural arrangement.
Sphingolipidomics in Translational Sepsis Research–Biomedical Considerations and Perspectives
Authors: Claus Ralf A. , Graeler Markus H. 
Published: January 2021

Scientific Background: Sphingolipids are a highly diverse group of lipids with respect to physicochemical properties controlling either structure, distribution, or function, all of them regulating cellular response in health and disease. Mass spectrometry, on the other hand, is an analytical technique characterizing ionized molecules or fragments thereof by mass-to-charge ratios, which has been prosperingly developed for rapid and reliable qualitative and quantitative identification of lipid species. Parallel to best performance of in-depth chromatographical separation of lipid classes, preconditions of precise quantitation of unique molecular species by preprocessing of biological samples have to be fulfilled. As a consequence, “lipid profiles” across model systems and human individuals, esp. complex (clinical) samples, have become eminent over the last couple of years due to sensitivity, specificity, and discriminatory capability. Therefore, it is significance to consider the entire experimental strategy from sample collection and preparation, data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation.Areas Covered: In this review, we outline considerations with clinical (i.e., human) samples with special emphasis on sample handling, specific physicochemical properties, target measurements, and resulting profiling of sphingolipids in biomedicine and translational research to maximize sensitivity and specificity as well as to provide robust and reproducible results. A brief commentary is also provided regarding new insights of “clinical sphingolipidomics” in translational sepsis research.Expert Opinion: The role of mass spectrometry of sphingolipids and related species (“sphingolipidomics”) to investigate cellular and compartment-specific response to stress, e.g., in generalized infection and sepsis, is on the rise and the ability to integrate multiple datasets from diverse classes of biomolecules by mass spectrometry measurements and metabolomics will be crucial to fostering our understanding of human health as well as response to disease and treatment.