bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery and Characterization of Differentially Expressed Soybean MiRNAs and Their Targets During Soybean Mosaic Virus Infection Unveils Novel Insight Into Soybean-SMV Interaction
Authors: Li Bowen , Karthikeyan Adhimoolam , Wang Liqun , Yin Jinlong , Jin Tongtong , Liu Hui , Li Kai , Gai Junyi , Zhi Haijian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is the most devastating pathogen of soybean. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs (21-24 nucleotides) and play important roles in regulating defense responses against pathogens. However, miRNA's response to SMV in soybean is not as well documented. Result: In this study, we analyzed 18 miRNA libraries, including three biological replicates from two soybean lines (Resistant and susceptible lines to SMV strain SC3 selected from the near-isogenic lines of Qihuang No. 1× Nannong1138-2) after virus infection at three different time intervals (0 dpi, 7 dpi, and 14 dpi). A total of 1,092 miRNAs, including 608 known miRNAs and 484 novel miRNAs were detected. Differential expression analyses identified the miRNAs responded during soybean-SMV interaction. Then, miRNAs potential target genes were predicted via data mining, and functional annotation was done by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Eventually, the expression patterns of several miRNAs validated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis are consistent with sequencing results. Conclusion: We have identified a large number of miRNAs and their target genes and also functional annotations. Our study provides additional information on soybean miRNAs and an insight into the role of miRNAs during SMV-infection in soybean.
foodMASST: A Mass Spectrometry Search Tool for Foods and Beverages.
Authors: Dorrestein Pieter , West Kiana , Schmid Robin , Gauglitz Julia , Wang Mingxun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
There is a growing interest in unraveling the chemical complexity of our diets. To help the scientific community gain insight into the molecules present in foods and beverages that we ingest, we created foodMASST, a search tool for MS/MS spectra (of both known and unknown molecules) against a growing metabolomics food and beverage reference database. We envision foodMASST will become valuable for nutrition research and dietary biomarker discovery.
Endoscopically Guided Resection of Brainstem Cavernous Malformations Through Miniature Corticotomies
Authors: Oertel Joachim , Fischer Gerrit , Linsler Stefan , Huelser Matthias , Sippl Christoph , Teping Fritz 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective:Targeted surgical precision and minimally invasive techniques are of the utmost importance when it comes to resection of cavernous malformations involving the brainstem region. Minimization of the surgical corridor is desirable but should not compromise the extent of resection. This study provides detailed information on the role of endoscopic techniques in this challenging surgical task.Methods:A retrospective analysis of medical documentation, radiologic studies and detailed intraoperative video-documentation was performed for all consecutive patients, who underwent surgical resection of brainstem cavernous malformations between 2010 and 2020 at the authors’ institution. A case-based volumetry of the corticotomy was performed in relation to the cavernoma’s dimension. Results:A total of 20 procedures have been performed in 19 patients. Neuroendoscopy was implemented in all cases. Mean size of the lesion 5.4 (±5)mm3. Average size of the brainstem corticotomy was 4.5x3.7 (±1.0x1.1)mm with a median relation to the cavernoma’s dimension of 9.99% (1.2%-31.39%). Endoscopic 360° inspection of the resection cavity was feasible in all cases. There were no endoscopy related complications. Mean follow up was 27.8 (12-89) months. Gross-total resection was achieved in all but one cases (95%). Sixteen procedures (80%) resulted in an improved or stable medical condition. Eleven patients (61.1%) showed further improvement 12 months after initial surgery. Conclusion:Experience provided, endoscopic techniques can be safely implemented in surgery for BSCM. Combination of neuroendoscopic visualization and neuronavigation might enable a targeted size of brainstem corticotomy. Endoscopy can be considered as a valuable additive tool to ensure gross total resection of BSCM.
Translational Value of Exercise in Routine Care Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Marvin Sarah , Ross Lois , Yee Jasmine , Kay Shelley , Lacey Judith , Edwards Kate 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Exercise is an effective adjuvant therapy to address many of the symptoms experienced by Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) recipients. However, there is little translational research examining meaningful clinical effects. A retrospective analysis of a community-embedded exercise program based at a large urban comprehensive cancer hospital was conducted, with the aim of establishing the translational value of exercise in a clinical setting. A secondary aim was to determine the impact of baseline function on exercise response. Methods: The Living Well Program is an evidence-based program supervised by Accredited Exercise Physiologists, delivered through the Chris O’Brien Lifehouse. HSCT recipients are prescribed individualised, once-weekly 1-hour aerobic, resistance and balance training. Changes in physical function (6-minute walk distance, strength, and balance), fatigue, and quality of life measures from baseline to post-intervention were analysed, and also assessed in relation to session attendance. Participants were then stratified as low- or high-function for each measure of physical function. Results: Data from 48 participants (male n=27, age=54.3±11.7-years) was included in the analysis. Significant improvements were found for all outcome measures, with improvements exceeding minimal clinically important differences for 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) and 30-second sit-to-stand. Greater session attendance correlated with improvements in 6MWD and strength outcomes. Exercise response was greater among those with lower baseline scores for 6MWD only (p<0.001).Conclusions: An existing exercise program embedded in cancer care was successful in eliciting improvements that are both significant and clinically relevant. Further investigations into key factors that influence the efficacy of these programs are required.
Generalized Two-Dimensional Principal Component Analysis and Two Artificial Neural Networks to Detect Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Using the Tsunami-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling Mechanism
Authors: Lin Jyh-Woei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A weak tsunami was induced by the 2016 Mw = 7.8 Sumatra earthquake, which occurred at 12:49 on March 2, 2016 (UTC). The epicenter was at 5.060°S, 94.170°E at a depth of 10 km. At 15.02 on March 2 (UTC), the weak tsunami (amplitude: 0.11 m) arrived at the station located at 10.40°S, 105.67°E. The largest first principal eigenvalue derived using the bilateral projection-based two-dimensional principal component analysis (B2DPCA) indicated a spatial traveling ionospheric disturbance (TID), which was caused by internal gravity waves (IGWs), at 13:20 on March 2 (UTC). The largest second principal eigenvalue represented another TID expanding to the southwest. The two largest principal eigenvalues were associated with the TIDs, which were also determined using two back-propagation neural network (BPNN) models and two convolutional neural network (CNN) models, called the BPNN-B2DPCA and CNN-B2DPCA methods, respectively. These two methods yielded the same results as the B2DPCA. Therefore, the robustness and reliability of the B2DPCA were validated.
The Effect of Merging Subtropical Jet Stream and Polar Fronts Jet Stream on Heavy Rainfall in Southwest Asia
Authors: Saligheh Mohammad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to show the effect of high troposphere winds and currents on low troposphere events at sea level. For this study, precipitation data from atmospheric stations in South Asia and west of the Zagros Mountains were used. After preparing these data, 500 and 300 hectopascal level maps were used to interpret the weather conditions. Vertical transect flow maps were used to identify the position of the jet stream. The results showed that the merger of the polar front jet stream and the subtropical jet stream provide the conditions for accelerating atmospheric currents and reaching more humidity and stronger ascent conditions to South Asia. Jet streams merger have three major effects on low pressure. If the Jet stream vorticity is the same as the curvature vorticity, the low-pressure centers on the low level will be strengthened, otherwise they will weaken due to the opposite effects. The low pressure under the Jet stream divergence area helps to strengthen it. The difference in wind speed in the jet stream with low pressures, stranger low pressures in the low level.
Responses of Bacterial Community in Cotton Rhizosphere Soil to the Application of Chitosan under Different Cultivation Patterns
Authors: jingang Wang , Tian Tian , Wang Haijiang , Liu Zheng , Cui jing , Shi Xiaoyan , Song Jianghui , Li Tianshen , Li Weidi , Zhong Mingtao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aims Continuous cropping leads to the decreasing of soil nutrients and microbial diversity. This study aims to explore the effects of chitosan application on soil nutrient, enzyme activity, root exudates, and bacterial diversity in cotton field.Methods Topsoils were collected from four treatments (continuous cotton cropping (Ct), continuous cotton cropping with chitosan application (CtC), rotation (Rt) (cotton-corn-wheat), and rotation with chitosan application (RtC)) to determine the effects of chitosan on soil nutrients, enzyme activity, root exudates, and bacterial diversity under different cultivation patterns. The structure and functions of bacterial communities were analyzed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing and PICRUSt approach.Results Root exudates in CtC, Rt, and RtC treatments were higher than that in Ct treatment, while soil nutrients were lower. Soil enzyme activities were higher in Rt treatment than in Ct treatment, while only catalase activity was higher in CtC treatment. The abundance of Actinomycetes, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes in Rt and CtC treatments, Firmicutes in Rt treatment, and Gemmatimonadetes in CtC treatment were higher than those in Ct treatment. PICRUSt analysis showed that the abundance of functional genes for soil microbial metabolism, environmental information processing, and organismal systems were higher in Rt, CtC, and RtC treatments than in Ct treatment, while that of genes for genetic information processing, cellular processes, and human diseases were slightly higher. Conclusions Chitosan application in cotton fields under different cultivation patterns could improve nutrient availability in continuous-cropping soils by reducing root exudates and improving soil bacterial community diversity, to reduce continuous cropping obstacles.
Compact Design of A Lightweight Rehabilitative Exoskeleton for Restoring Grasping Function in Patients with Hand Paralysis
Authors: Nazari Vaheh , Pouladian Majid , Zheng Yong-Ping , Alam Monzurul 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMillions of individuals suffer from upper extremity paralysis caused by neurological disorders including stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, or other medical conditions. In order to restore motor control and enhance the quality of life of these patients, daily exercises and strengthening training are necessary. Robotic hand exoskeletons can substitute for the missing motor control and help to restore the functions performed in daily operations. They can also facilitate neuroplasticity to help rehabilitate hand function through routine use. However, most of the hand exoskeletons are bulky, stationary, and cumbersome to use.Methods We have utilized a recent design of a hand exoskeleton (Tenoexo) and modified the design to prototype a motorized, lightweight, fully wearable rehabilitative hand exoskeleton by combining rigid parts with a soft mechanism capable of producing various grasps needed for the execution of daily tasks. We have tested the performance of our developed hand exoskeleton in restoring hand functions in two quadriplegics with chronic cervical cord injury.ResultsMechanical evaluation of our exoskeleton showed that it can produce fingertip force up to 8 N and can cover 91.5 degree of range of motion in just 3 seconds. We further tested the robot in two quadriplegics with chronic hand paralysis, and observed immediate success on independent grasping of different daily objects. ConclusionsThe results suggest that our exoskeleton is a viable option for hand function assistance, allowing patients to regain lost finger control for everyday activities.
Evaluation of The Skills of Community Health Workers in Providing Self-Care Program for Pre-Diabetic Individuals Based On The Precede-Proceed Model: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Ghasemi Mahmoud , Ghofranipour Fazlollah , Shahbazi Hasan , Aminshokravi Farkhondeh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

This study aimed to investigate the skills of community health workers in providing a self-care program for pre-diabetic individuals in Mazandaran Province, Iran, based on the Precede-Proceed model.
Methods

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 400 community health workers in Mazandaran province using the cluster random sampling method. Data collection tools included demographic information and 54 questions based on the structures of the Precede-Proceed model, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software and Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression tests.
Results

The mean age of participants was 34.13 ± 8.94 years. The study results showed that awareness, attitude, and reinforcing factors variables were in the desired range, and knowledge, self-efficacy, enabling factors, and health workers' skills variables were in the moderate range. According to the regression test, self-efficacy (R2 = 0.503) and enabling factors (R2 = 0.422) were the most important predictors of health workers' skills in presenting a self-care program for pre-diabetic people.
Conclusion

According to the results obtained in the study of community health workers' skills, it is suggested that educational interventions to improve community health workers' skills in providing self-care programs for pre-diabetics with emphasis on predisposing factors (with more focus on knowledge and self-efficacy) and enabling factors to be designed and implemented.
Calcium-Phosphate Combination Enhances Spinosad Production in Saccharopolyspora Spinosa via Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism
Authors: Wan Miyang , Peng Cheng , Ding Wenxin , Wang Mengran , Hu Jinfeng , Li Jiyang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Phosphate concentration above 10 mM reduces the production of many secondary metabolites; however, the phenomenon is not mechanistically understood yet. Specifically, the problem of phosphorus limitation in antibiotic production remains unresolved. This study investigates the phosphorus inhibition effect on spinosad production and alleviates it by calcium and phosphate supplementation to fermentation media. Furthermore, we examined the mechanism of fatty acids induced increase in polyketides production. NaH2PO4 was found to be the most effective phosphate. Under the optimal phosphate condition, the maximal spinosad production reached 520 mg/L, showing a 1.65-fold increase over the control treatment. In the NaH2PO4-CaCO3 system, the de novo fatty acid biosynthesis was significantly downregulated while spinosad biosynthesis and β-oxidation were upregulated. The coordination of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis and β-oxidation promoted intracellular acetyl-CoA concentration. The results demonstrate that NaH2PO4-CaCO3 combined addition is a simple and effective strategy to alleviate phosphorus inhibition effect through the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and accumulation of immediate precursors. This information improves our understanding of phosphates' influence on the large-scale production of polyketides.
Recent Transposition of an LTR-Retrotransposon in the Gene Coding for S Receptor Kinase is Responsible for a Novel Self-Compatible Phenotype of Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.)
Authors: Bong So-Hyeon , Cho Ganghee , Kim Dong-Seon , Kim Sunggil 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) responses of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) are determined by two tightly linked genes encoding an S receptor kinase (SRK) and an S-locus cysteine-rich protein/S locus protein 11 (SCR/SP11), respectively. A radish showing an almost self-compatible (SC) phenotype was identified in this study. Inheritance patterns showed that this SC phenotype was dominant over an SI phenotype. In addition, this SC phenotype co-segregated with an S haplotype in an F2 population. This SC radish contained an RsS-26 haplotype in which duplicate SRK-like genes were previously identified. Full-length sequences of two SRK-like genes of 18,133-bp and 6,200-bp in length were obtained from radish with the RsS-26 haplotype (designated as RsSRK-26-1 and RsSRK-26-2, respectively). Duplicate SCR/SP11-like genes were also identified in the radish with the RsS-26 haplotype. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that both duplicate SRK-like and SCR/SP11-like genes were closely related to other known SRK and SCR/SP11 genes, respectively. No critical mutation was found in the coding region of SRK-like or SCR/SP11-like gene. However, a 4,146-bp intact LTR-retrotransposon was identified in the third intron of RsSRK-26-1 of the SC radish. Interestingly, this LTR-retrotransposon was not detected in three other breeding lines containing the same RsS-26 haplotype. Except for this LTR-retrotransposon, only two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in intronic regions between normal and mutant RsSRK-26-1 alleles. While normal transcription was observed for radish showing RsSRK-26-1 and SI phenotypes in these three breeding lines, no transcript of RsSRK-26-1 was detected in the SC radish, suggesting that recent transposition of an LTR-retrotransposon in the RsSRK-26-1 gene might be responsible for the SC phenotype of radish.
Plasma Atherogenic Indexes Are Independent Predictors of Slow Coronary Flow
Authors: Afsin Abdulmecit , Kaya Hakan , Yavuz Fethi , Uzel Kader Eliz , Bursa Nurbanu , Hosoglu Yusuf , Suner Arif , Asoglu Ramazan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Although the pathophysiology of coronary slow flow (CSF) has not been fully elucidated, emerging data increasingly support potential role for subclinical diffuse atherosclerosis in the etiology of CSF. We aimed to investigate relationship between atherogenic indices and CSF.
Methods

130 patients with CSF diagnosed according to Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI)-frame count (TFC) method and 130 controls who had normal coronary flow (NCF) were included in this retrospective study. Atherogenic indices (atherogenic index of plasma [AIP], Castelli risk indices I and II [CRI-I and II]) were calculated using conventional lipid parameters
Results

The logistic regression analyses demonstrated that AIP (OR, 5.463; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.357–21.991; p = 0.017) and CRI-II (OR, 1.624; 95% CI, 1.138–2.319; p = 0.008) were independent predictors of CSF. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the optimal cutoff value to predict the occurrence of CSF was 0.66 for AIP (sensitivity, 59%; specificity, 73%; area under curve [AUC], 0.695; p < 0.001) and 3.27 for CRI-II (sensitivity, 60%; specificity, 79%; AUC, 0.726; p < 0.001).
Conclusions

AIP and CRI-II levels were independent predictors of CSF, suggesting that atherogenic dyslipidemia may contribute to the pathophysiology of CSF.
Spatial Coherence Manipulation on the Statistical
Photonic Platform
Authors: Liu Leixin , Liu Wenwei , Wang Fei , Cheng Hua , Choi Duk-Yong , Tian Jianguo , Cai Yangjian , Chen Shuqi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Coherence, like amplitude, polarization and phase, is a fundamental characteristic of the light fields and is dominated by the statistical optical property. Generally, accurate coherence manipulation is challenging since coherence as a statistical quantity requires the combination of various bulky optical components and fast tuning of optical media. Spatial coherence as another pivotal optical dimension still has not been significantly manipulated on the photonic platform. Here, we theoretically and experimentally realize accurate manipulation of the spatial coherence of light fields by loading a temporal random phase distribution onto the wave-front on the statistical photonic platform. By quantitatively manipulating the statistical photonic properties, we can successfully achieve the partially coherent light with the pre-defined degree of coherence and continuously modulate it from fully coherent to incoherent. This design strategy can also be easily extended to manipulate the spatial coherence of other special beams such as partially coherent vortex beam generations. Our approach provides straightforward rules to manipulate the coherence of the light fields and paves the way for applications of partially coherent beams in information encryption, ghost imaging, and information transmission in turbulent media.
Ultra-high Accuracy Microwave Positioning System based on Free Space Frequency Synchronization
Authors: Zhao Q , Chen Y.T. , Wang Z.B. , Wang L.J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The ultra-high accuracy indoor and outdoor positioning is fundamental for a variety of applications such as industrial automation, Internet of Things and structure monitoring. Approaches based on optical methods, ultrasound and computer vision areoften suffer from limited coverage areas, obstruction by objects and high computing load. While the GNSS and conventionalradar-like radio frequency (RF) methods can suffer from insufficient accuracy and are not feasible for many scenarios. Now weachieve an inverse GPS microwave positioning system based on ultra-stable frequency synchronization in free space andcarrier phase difference principle to surpass the limitation of current methods. The stability of frequency synchronization link isbetter than 10−13/s . The distance resolution retrieved from phase information is 25 micrometres and the Mean Squred Error(MSE) of three-dimensional positioning is 16 micrometres. An ultra-high accuracy positioning system with large coverage area,compatibility and versatility can potentially be achieved gearing to extensive needs.
A Functionalized Electrospun Double-Layer Nanofibrous Scaffold for Wound Healing and Scar Inhibition
Authors: Su Chang-Ming , Chen Jing , Gao Zhong-Fei , Guan Zhen-Xin , Mo Xiu-Mei , Wang Chun-Hua , Hou Gui-Ge 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background:Considerable advances have been made in developing materials that promote wound healing and inhibit scar formation in clinical settings. However, some challenges, such as cumbersome treatment processes and determination of optimal treatment time, remain unresolved. Thus, developing a multifunctional wound dressing with both wound healing and scar inhibition properties is crucial. Here, we present an integrated electrospun fibrous composite membrane (MPC12) for wound healing and scar inhibition, consisting of aquaternized chitosan-loaded inner membrane (PCQC5) and quaternized silicone-loaded outer membrane (MQP12).Results:The inner membrane effectively coagulates blood and promotes wound healing, and the outer membrane moisturizes, resists bacteria, and inhibits scar formation. In vivo evaluation in a rabbit ear model revealed that MPC12 treatment results in faster wound healing and better alleviation of scar hypertrophy than treatment with commercial products (KELO-COTE, MSSG).Conclusions:Our strategy offers an excellent solution for the potential integration of wound healing and scar inhibition.