bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predominantly Increased Triglyceride-rich Lipoproteins Induced by Dietary Cholesterol Promoted Atherosclerosis Formation in LDL Receptor Knockout Golden Hamster
Authors: Wang Yuhui , Lin Xiao , Ma Ping , Yang Chun , Wang Jinjie , He Kunxiang , Chen Gonglie , Huang Wei , Fan Jianglin , Xian Xunde , Liu George 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Epidemiological investigation showed that triglyceride is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, but it is difficult to distinguish the effects of different lipoproteins by an experimental system in vivo, the role of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in atherosclerosis have not been fully understood. Here we found LDL receptor knock-out (LDLR−/−) hamsters have special characteristics of lipid profile for investigating effects of TRLs. Mixed hyperlipidemia in LDLR−/− hamsters after high cholesterol and high fat (HCHF) diet were marked by increasing of chylomicrons, VLDL and their remnants, but not LDL. Ezetimibe treatment significantly decreased these large particles containing ApoB and ApoE without affecting LDL, leading to the dramatic reduction of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides. 40 days of HCHF diet feeding accelerated aortic atherosclerosis accompanied severe fatty liver, and ezetimibe treatment inhibited their development. Also, TRLs lowering inhibited the expression of vascular adhesion factors and lipid uptake of macrophage. Our results suggest that golden hamster is a proper model for studying hypertriglyceridemia related diseases. In LDLR−/− hamster, TRLs showed independent atherogenicity by triggering inflammatory response of endothelial cells and the formation of foam cells from macrophages. And these TRLs clearance is mediated by LDL receptor. TRLs would be an important therapeutic target for atherosclerotic development with postprandial hyperlipidemia.
Digital light processing based additive manufacturing of resin bonded SiC grinding wheels and their grinding performance
Authors: Ai Qingfeng , Khosravi Jahangir , Azarhoushang Bahman , Daneshi Amir , Becker Björn 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, an additive manufacturing process based on digital light processing was employed for quick, flexible, and economical fabrication of resin-bonded SiC grinding tools. The grinding wheel has been fabricated using laboratory manufacturing processes that utilize ultraviolet-curable resins and conventional abrasives. Also, desirable geometries and features like integrated coolant holes, which are difficult or even almost impossible to manufacture by conventional processes, are easily achievable. Grinding experiments were carried out by different process parameters, and with two different grinding wheels, i.e. with and without cooling channels with different concentrations (25 wt.% and 50 wt.% grains) to evaluate the grinding efficiency of the produced tools. Grinding forces, tool wear, tool loading, and ground surface quality were measured and analyzed. The wear rates of the grinding wheels with cooling channels were generally less than those without cooling channels, particularly in the deep grinding processes with large contact areas. Grinding tests on a hardened steel have shown that the integration of cooling lubricant channels almost prevents the wheel loading. In addition, by increasing the cutting speed (from 15 to 30 m/s) and decreasing the feed rate (from 10 to 2 m/min) the grinding wheel wear was significantly reduced. Furthermore, surface grinding of aluminum resulted in surface roughness values (Ra) in the range of 1 µm to 2.5 µm, while a Ra of about 0.2 µm was achieved by grinding hardened steel (100Cr6) with the same grinding conditions. Using the higher SiC-grain concentration (50 wt.%), it was determined that the surface roughness was 50% finer. Additionally the tool wear was significantly reduced (up to 30 times depending on the process parameters). The wear characteristics of the grinding wheel was analyzed through a novel image processing system. Significant correlations were found between wear flat of grains and the increase in grinding forces due to the tool wear.
Hydro-Geochemical Characteristics and Quality Evaluations of the Groundwater of an Irrigated Plain Region of Northwestern China
Authors: Yuan Hongying , Yang Shuqing , Wang Bo , Han Tiankai , Ding Xuehua 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Groundwater is an important resource of water in arid and semi-arid agricultural regions. In order to study the hydro-geological characteristics and water quality of groundwater in different hydro-geological conditions of plain irrigation areas, 85 groundwater samples were collected for analysis of main chemical ions and evaluation of suitability of irrigation water in Wulate Irrigation Area (WLTIA) and Shenwu Irrigation Area (SWIA). The groundwater was found to be weakly alkaline, Fresh water (47.62%) was dominant in the SWIA and brackish water (65.12%) was dominant in the WLTIA. The hydro-chemical types in the two irrigation areas were observed to be mainly Cl-Na and Cl·SO-Ca·Mg, and the ion content was in the order of Cl- > SO42- > HCO3-, Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+. The ion content in the WLTIA was found to be higher than that in the SWIA. This was determined to be mainly due to good soil permeability and groundwater mobility in SWIA but the difficulties encountered in the groundwater exchange process in the WLTIA, as well as the influencing effects of the water supply from Wuliangsuhai Lake. The groundwater resources in the two irrigation areas were jointly controlled by evaporation crystallization and rock weathering processes. The dissolution of evaporated salt rock, silicate rock, gypsum, dolomite, and calcite was also a driving factor. This study observed that the chemical compositions of the groundwater in the study area were also affected by ion exchanges and human activities. The evaluation results show that the majority of the groundwater resources in the two irrigation areas could not be directly used for irrigation since salt and alkali damages could easily occur. It was found that the potential for salt damage was relatively serious. This study’s comparison results indicated that the quality of groundwater of the SWIA was relatively higher than that of the WLTIA.
Telerehabilitation assessment domains and process in chronic diseases: a scoping meta-review
Authors: Chapel Blandine , Alexandre François , Heraud Nelly , Ologeanu-Taddei Roxana , Cases Anne-Sophie , Bughin François , Hayot Maurice 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Telerehabilitation (TR) interventions are receiving increasing attention. They have been evaluated in various scientific areas through systematic reviews. However, there is a lack of data on how to standardize assessment and report on their domains to guide researchers across studies and bring together the best evidence to assess TR for chronic diseases.Aims and Objectives The aim of this study is to identify domains of assessment in TR and to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze how they are examined to gain an overview of assessment in chronic disease and understand the complexity of TR interventions.Methods A scoping meta-review was carried out on 9 databases and gray literature from 2009 to 2019. The keyword search strategy was based on "telerehabilitation", “evaluation", “chronic disease" and their synonyms. All articles were subjected to qualitative analysis using the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Core Model prior to further analysis and narrative synthesis.Results Among the 7412 identified articles, 80 studies met the inclusion criteria. Regarding the domains of assessment, the most frequently occurring were “social aspect” (n = 63, 79%) (e.g., effects on behavioral changes) and “clinical efficacy” (n = 53, 66%), and the least frequently occurring was “safety aspects” (n= 2, 3%). We also identified the phases of TR in which the assessment was conducted and found that it most commonly occurred in the pilot study and randomized trial phases and least commonly occurred in the design, pretest, and postintervention phases.Conclusions Through the HTA model, this scoping meta-review highlighted the multidisciplinarity and comprehensiveness of TR assessment in the recent literature. Future studies will benefit from approaches that leverage the best evidence regarding the assessment of TR interventions, and it will be interesting to extend this assessment framework to other chronic diseases.
Resection or Preservation? A Tough Surgical Decision for Chinese Breast Cancer Patients Who Are in Line with Breast Conserving
Authors: Zhu Pingting , Ji Qiaoying , Liu Xinyi , Xu Ting , Wu Qiwei , Wang Yuejuan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Breast cancer patients who are in line with breast conserving are faced more challenges in making surgery decision, because breast conservation and mastectomy have equivalent oncologic outcomes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the surgical decision-making process for breast cancer patients and further explore the reasons why do Chinese women who are in line with breast conserving are more likely to choose mastectomy.
Methods

A qualitative study was conducted. With the sample saturation principle, data collected by semi-structured interviews with 14 breast cancer patients who are in line with breast conserving. Colaizzi’s method of phenomenology was used for data analysis.
Results

Three major themes emerged from the data. The themes were the following: (1) lack of significant decision-making support (stereotyping of breast cancer surgery, Inferior quality of interaction with health professions, and without the help of decision aids); (2) can’t mull under the strike (immediacy of the decision, breasts are out of deliberating, and escape); and (3) edified by the Chinese culture (deep family values, hiding concerns about femininity, and conservative character).
Conclusions

Our findings explore the reasons why more Chinese breast cancer patients with breast conserving conditions choose mastectomy, and help patients to choose knowledge-based treatment options which are concordant with their needs, values, and preferences.
COVID-19 Testing and Vaccine Hesitancy in Latinx Farm-Working Communities in The Eastern Coachella Valley
Authors: Gehlbach Daniel , Vázquez Evelyn , Ortiz Gabriela , Li Erica , Sánchez Cintya Beltrán , Rodríguez Sonia , Pozar María , Cheney Ann Marie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (known as COVID-19), spread rapidly around the world, affecting all and creating an ongoing global pandemic. In the United States, Latinx, African American, and Indigenous populations across the country have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19 cases and death rates. An examination of the perceptions and beliefs about the spread of the virus, COVID-19 testing, and vaccination amongst racial/ethnic minority groups is needed in order to alleviate the widespread disparity in new cases and deaths.
Methods

From November to December 2020 the research team conducted focus groups with members of Latinx farm-working communities in the Eastern Coachella Valley, located in the inland southern California desert region. A total of seven focus groups, six in Spanish and one in Purépecha, with a total of 55 participants were conducted. Topics covered include knowledge of the coronavirus, COVID-19 testing and vaccination.
Results

Using theme identification techniques, the findings identify structural factors that underly perceptions held by immigrant, migrant, and indigenous Latinx community members about COVID-19, which, in turn, shape attitudes and behaviors related to COVID-19 testing and vaccination. Common themes that emerged across focus groups include misinformation, lack of trust in institutions, and insecurity around employment and residency.
Conclusions

This racial/ethnic minority population is structurally vulnerable to historical and present-day inequalities that put them at increased risk of COVID-19 exposure, morbidity, and mortality. Findings from the focus groups indicate a significant need for interventions that decrease structural vulnerabilities by addressing issues of (dis)trust in government and public health among this population.
Elevated METTL16 expression in PDAC confers synthetic lethality to PARP inhibition by antagonizing MRE11-mediated DNA end resection
Authors: Zeng Xiangyu , Zhao Fei , Kloeber Jake , Deshpande Rajashree , Mer Georges , Paull Tanya , Lou Zhenkun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Characterization of the recurrent genetic alterations in PDAC will yield improved understanding and therapies for this disease. Here, we report that PDAC patients with elevated expression of METTL16, one of the “writers” of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, may benefits from poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor treatment. Mechanistically, METTL16 interacts with MRE11 in an RNA-dependent manner; and, this interaction inhibits MRE11’s exonuclease activity in a methyltransferase-independent manner, thereby repressing DNA end resection. Upon DNA damage, ATM phosphorylates METTL16 at Ser419 within its C terminus, resulting in METTL16 conformational change and autoinhibition of its RNA binding. This dissociates the METTL16-RNA-MRE11 complex and releases inhibition of MRE11. Concordantly, PDAC cells with high METTL16 expression levels show increased sensitivity to PARP inhibitors, especially when combined with gemcitabine. Thus, our findings have revealed a role for METTL16 in homologous recombination repair and suggest that combination of PARP inhibitors with gemcitabine could be an effective treatment strategy for PDAC patients with high METTL16 expression.
An auxin-mediated ultradian rhythm promotes root regeneration in Arabidopsis
Authors: Vu Quy , Song Kitae , Park Sung-Jin , Xu Lin , Nam Hong Gil , Hong Sunghyun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ultradian rhythms have been proved to be critical for diverse biological processes. However, comprehensive understanding of the short-period rhythms remains limited. Here, we discover that leaf excision triggers a gene expression rhythm with ~ 3-h periodicity, named as the excision ultradian rhythm (UR), which is regulated by the plant hormone auxin. Transcriptome analysis found more than 4,000 excision UR genes which are diverse in terms of biological function. Promoter–luciferase analyses showed that the spatiotemporal patterns of the excision UR were positively associated with de novo root regeneration (DNRR), a post-embryonic developmental process. Genetic studies showed that EXCISION ULTRADIAN RHYTHM 1 (EUR1), which encodes ENHANCER OF ABSCISIC ACID CO-RECEPTOR1 (EAR1), an abscisic acid signaling regulator, was required to generate the excision ultradian rhythm and promote root regeneration. Moreover, the ear1 mutant exhibited the absence of auxin-induced excision UR generation and partial failure to rescue DNRR. These results demonstrate that leaf excision activates EAR1-mediated excision UR and reprograms the expression of a large set of genes involved in DNRR.
Using an OSCE Protocol in Evaluating Teaching Effectiveness of the CBL Teaching Method in Clinical Practice
Authors: Li Shanshan , Wang Junrong , Yang Boyi , Jiang Wei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: With the continuing growth of learning resources, it is important to explore and analyze the effectiveness of a teaching method. Case-based learning (CBL) is defined in a number of ways depending on the discipline and type of ‘case’ employed. Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), a more objective and comprehensive assessment tool which could be used to evaluate clinical operation skills of clinical medical staff and students. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of CBL, in terms of students’ feedback and formative OSCE grades.Method: In the Chinese eight-year medical program practice stage, CBL teaching is carried out, and the results of OSCE are used to evaluate the effect of CBL teaching. The eight-year internship students were randomly divided into the traditional teaching group (TT group) (n=26) and the CBL group (n=24). Result: The scores of the CBL group in the ability to collect medical history, operation of basic skills, test bank answers were all statistically better than those of TT group (p <0.05). The physical examination ability score in CBL group was higher than the TT group but was not statistical different (p>0.05).Conclusion: The results showed that the performance of the CBL teaching group was better than that of the TT group. The OSCE assessment is objective and comprehensive, but lacks analysis of abilities such as literature review, English skills and problems encountered in CBL teaching, which still needs further study to better promote CBL teaching.
Assessing The Impacts Of COVID 19 On Livestock Production, Market Value Chain And Health Practices In Selected Districts Of East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Lemu Geremew Haile , Hirpa Eyob , Amante Morka , Yimer Lema , Furgasa Walkite , Anbase Namommsa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
COVID-19, caused by a newly discovered strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has had a significant impact on many sectors at the global, regional, and national levels, including the livestock sector. Study Methods: A questionnaire survey and observational study were carried out from September 2020 to November 2020 with the aim of assessing the impacts of COVID 19 on livestock farming practices, market chain, consumption of animal products, and animal health care services in selected districts of East Wollega zone. Small scale farmers, abattoir workers, consumers, and private sectors involved in the production, processing, and distribution of livestock products, and veterinarians were purposively selected for this study. Based on the survey, 365 (91.25%) respondents agreed as the pandemic was the major challenge to livestock farming practices. The assessment shows that COVID 19 created worst 270 (67.5%) and high impact 75 (18.75%). The major reasons mentioned were measures taken by the government such as lockdown, economic decline, low number of manpower due to calls to stay at home, and social distance. Observational studies indicated that dairy shops, meat shops, and local abattoirs, hotels, and restaurants were totally/partially closed, especially during the first 6 months of the pandemic. The average monthly income from livestock and their products showed about 60.93% shortfalls (from 1,130,500 birr to 688,800 birr). Regarding consumer perception, there was low demand for livestock products mainly due to the perceived disease risk. The most important animal health constraints during this pandemic were unusual preventive practices such as lack of vaccination and deworming, scarcity of drugs at the veterinary clinic, low number of veterinarians and inability to cover the cost of drugs and personnel. The present study suggests that the pandemic's impact on the livestock production, product supply chain and animal health services might be continue, which will have a significant effect on the sustainability of livestock production systems and the contribution of livestock subsectors on the household and national economy and global food security. It is therefore, essential that the government and other concerned bodies should give attention to the livestock sector to mitigate the impacts of the disease.
The Diagnostic Value of Contrast-enhanced 2D Mammography in Everyday Clinical use
Authors: Neeter Lidewij , Raat Frank , Meens-Koreman Stephanie , Stiphout Rogier van , Timmermans Steffie , Duvivier Katya , Smidt Marjolein , Wildberger Joachim , Nelemans Patty , Lobbes Marc 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) has shown to be superior to full-field digital mammography (FFDM), but current results are dominated by studies performed on systems by one vendor. Information on diagnostic accuracy of other CEM systems is limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CEM on an alternative vendor’s system.We included all patients who underwent CEM in one hospital in 2019, except those with missing data or in whom CEM was used as response monitoring tool. Three experienced breast radiologists scored the low-energy images using the BI-RADS classification. Next, the complete CEM exams were scored similarly. Histopathological results or a minimum of one year follow-up were used as reference standard. Diagnostic performance and AUC were calculated and compared between low-energy images and the complete CEM examination , for all readers independently as well as combined. Breast cancer was diagnosed in 23% of the patients (35/152). Compared to low-energy images, overall CEM sensitivity increased from 74.3% to 87.6% (p<0.0001), specificity from 87.8% to 94.6% (p=0.0146). AUC increased from 0.872 to 0.957 (p=0.0001). Performing CEM on the system tested, showed that, similar to earlier studies mainly performed on another vendor’s systems, both sensitivity and specificity improved when compared to FFDM.
Structure-based Assessment of Homologous Analogues of Natural products: A computational approach to predict the therapeutic effects of natural products
Authors: Rao Aditya , Shetty Nandini 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The present study describes a novel strategy to screen natural products (NPs) for their therapeutic effects with the predicted mechanism of action. The method entitled 'Structure-based Assessment of Homologous Analogues of Natural products-SAHANA' follows the comparison of NPs against prescribed synthetic chemical drugs to deduce activity cliffs and core fragments, based on the molecular properties and 2-dimensional structural similarities. The method was applied to predict the biological effect of the identified NPs as antidiabetic molecules. Selected NPs were assessed for their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties. The biological interactions and structural stability of the bound structures were evaluated using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The study yielded NPs with significant structural similarities to prescribed drugs. Further, their binding interactions stabilized the macromolecular structure. The results envisage a strong indication that the natural products can produce therapeutic effects efficiently if administered individually. The results also encourage using the current screening strategy to identify competent natural product drugs against any disease condition ad libitum.