bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Van overlastmelding naar een globale typering van problematische jeugdgroepen: de shortlist als quickscan
Authors: Harland Paul 
Published: February 2025

From incidental nuisance reports to a troublesome youth group. The shortlist as a quick scan
The ‘Shortlist troublesome youth groups’ is a compact survey that enables police-officers to categorize problematic youth groups on a general level. The ‘shortlist’ results in three categories. The least troublesome groups are labelled ‘annoying’, the more serious groups are referred to as ‘disturbing’ and the most serious ones are called ‘criminal’ youth groups. As a quick scan, the shortlist tool has originally been developed in order to prevent criminalization of youth. It has now become a compulsorily used instrument for all 25 police services in the Netherlands. The shortlist is seen as the central starting point that should ultimately lead to the implementation of multidisciplinary interventions to tackle the specific problems that the youth groups cause.This article briefly discusses the highly subjective judgements of perceptions of disorder in society. Against this background this article describes the aim, the benefits and limits to the use of the shortlist. This analysis is based on fifteen years of experience with the annual listing of troublesome youth groups by means of the shortlist at the Haaglanden police service.This contribution concludes that the shortlist is a useful instrument that enables police officers to efficiently categorize problematic youth groups. Several changes by the Haaglanden police service with regard to the content as well as to the procedure further optimized the use of the shortlist. However, its global characteristic hampers evaluation of local safety interventions on the group. Also, comparisons of results between police services are not possible just like that. For those purposes (evaluations and comparisons) additional, i.e. more detailed information on the groups are to be gathered. The shortlist-methodology consists of further steps that include more in-depth analyses.Having said this, the shortlist is a valuable quick scan tool that enables professionals to swiftly categorize problematic youth groups.
Over objectieve en subjectieve onveiligheid
Authors: Pleysier Stefaan 
Published: February 2025

On the fear victimization paradox and the rationality of the rationality debate
This contribution focuses on ‘fear of crime’ research. Departing from the classic distinction between crime and victimization as objective threats, on the one hand, and fear of crime as a subjective and emotional interpretation of that threat, on the other hand, the research tradition is confronted with the so-called fear victimization paradox. This paradox emerges from the observation that fear of crime is greater among women and elderly people, while these groups actually are less at risk of becoming a crime victim. It has immersed the research tradition in a dominant debate on the rationality of the fear of crime, with two opposing paradigms: rationalist and symbolic.Whilst both the paradox and the different paradigms in the debate offer a view at the core of fear of crime research, and illustrate how similar empirical observations can lead to differing explanations, and policy implications for that matter, we argue that the fear victimization paradox and the rationality debate surrounding this paradox, has occupied the bulk of research on fear of crime with what is essentially a nonsensical and redundant debate.
Grensvervaging tussen interne en externe veiligheid
Authors: Vander Beken Tom 
Published: February 2025

Blurring boundaries between internal and external security. Background and consequences
Internal and external security are traditionally considered to be distinct concepts that allow police organizations and tasks to be differentiated from those of the military. Internal security is then viewed as oriented towards the maintenance of the order within a state and to be exercised against fellow citizens with a limited use of violence. External security deals with the protection of the territory and is exercised against foreign enemies, may include the use of excessive violence. In practice, however, the boundaries between these concepts and between police and military aims and tasks have become blurred. The extension of the security concept, a change in the nature of interventions on foreign territory and a shifting image of the enemy create an overlap between internal and external security issues and actors. This evolution seriously challenges the existing legal and normative frameworks that rely heavily on assumptions based on the distinction between internal and external security.
Politieonderzoek in open bronnen op internet
Authors: Koops Bert-Jaap 
Published: February 2025

Police investigations in Internet open sources: procedural-law issues
Analysing large amounts of data goes to the heart of the challenges confronting intelligence and law enforcement professionals today. Increasingly, this involves Internet data that are ‘open source’ or ‘publicly available’. Projects such as the European FP7 VIRTUOSO aim at developing platforms for open-source intelligence by law enforcement and public security, which open up opportunities for large-scale, automated data gathering and analysis. However, the mere fact that data are publicly available does not imply an absence of restrictions to researching them. This paper investigates one area of legal constraints, namely Dutch criminal-procedure law in relation to open-source data gathering by the police. Which legal basis is there for this activity? And under what conditions can foreign open sources be investigated?After sketching the context of the VIRTUOSO project and legal constraints of open-source intelligence in general, this paper discusses provisions of the Dutch Police Act 1993 and the Code of Criminal Procedure to determine which is the correct legal basis for gathering data from openly accessible and semi-open sources. Next, cross-border gathering of data is discussed on the basis of article 32 of the Cybercrime Convention. The paper draws the conclusion that investigating open sources by the police will often go beyond what is allowed on the basis of the general task description of the police (art. 2 Police Act 1993); hence, an order from the Public Prosecutor for systematic observation or intelligence is required. Moreover, the tools used must meet the non-manipulability and auditing requirements of the Dutch Decree on Technical Devices in Criminal Procedure.
Uitbuiting uit zicht?
Authors: van der Leun Joanne , van Schijndel Anet 
Published: February 2025

Human smuggling and exploitation
Human trafficking means exploitation; human smuggling is associated with illegal labour and a connection with exploitation is absent. Where a victim of human trafficking can appeal for legal protection, a smuggled migrant (illegally residing or with vulnerable legal status) overall has little rights because of the formal absence of the aspects of exploitation and coercion in human smuggling. In this article, the empirical analysis based on file analysis demonstrates that in several files of cases framed as human smuggling indications are found for exploitation of migrants, although this has not been recognised as such. Theoretically the authors tie this to the trend of crimmigration. Measures designed to combat human trafficking and smuggling are often concentrated on (criminal) law enforcement and criminal punishment, to the detriment of a human rights-based approach. The tension between immigration policy and the combat against human trafficking deserves more attention.
Geen angst, maar onbehagen
Authors: Spithoven Remco , de Graaf Gjalt , Boutellier Hans 
Published: February 2025

Dissatisfaction instead of fear: results of a Q-study into the public perception of antisocial behavior
People vary in their perceptions and opinions, and that seems to be the case for the way they perceive anti-social behavior too. Scientific literature concerning the fear of crime hypothesizes diversity in the public’s perception of anti-social behavior and crime. But this fear of crime research tradition has been criticized repeatedly for its conceptual and methodological arrears. The focus has particularly been narrowed to ‘fear’ of ‘crime’, being measured by surveys. So, it is not very surprising that there has not been a thorough empirical focus on the assumed diversity in the perception of crime and anti-social behavior. To fill in this gap, the main research question in this article is: which differences in the perception of anti-social behavior exist within contemporary Dutch society? Using Q-methodology, five different factors were found in the perception of anti-social behavior. These factors have been labeled respectively: ‘disaffected residents’, ‘untroubled liberals’, ‘anxious communitarians’, ‘concerned spectators’ and ‘non-averse professionals’. These factors showed the empirical reality of the assumed diversity in the public perception of anti-social behavior. In all of these factors, people seem to address crime and anti-social behavior to a decrease of social standards and values in Dutch society, instead of worrying about chances and consequences of personal victimization. This was even the case for people who signalized crime and anti-social behavior in their own neighborhood. What really stands out is that people strongly agreed about the unacceptability of crime and anti-social behavior. People seem to have an aversion against these rude types of behavior. Altogether this image does not comply to the mainstream image of a ‘crime fearing society’. People do not seem to fear crime, but they seem to be worried and agitated about the moral conditions of the Dutch society in a wider framework. This might be a more reassuring illustration than a ‘crime fearing society’, but this proposition needs further and additional quantitative assessment.
Fysieke belasting van brandweerwerk in relatie tot gezondheid, fitheid en inzetbaarheid van brandweermensen
Authors: Mol Eric , Heus Ronald , van Raaij Ron , Weewer Ricardo , Havenith George 
Published: February 2025

Physical aspects of firefighting in relation to health, fitness and deployability of firefighters
Based on state-of-the-art scientific knowledge, this article reviews the physical aspects of firefighting in relation to physical safety. Firefighting is known to be one of the most demanding occupations. Based on the ‘Occupational Demands Model’ the (physical) strain of firefighting is described. The physical demands of firefighting are determined by a combination of firefighting-specific efforts, the use of personal protective equipment and enviromental and climatological conditions. The effects on the firefighter depend on his/her health and fitness status as well as on his/her hydration and nutrition status and influences the repressive job performance. If the demands and the effects are not in balance, personal safety, health and effectivity of the firefighter’s deployment are in jeopardy and hence his/her physical safety. In the second part of the paper, the relationship between the physical demands of firefighting and health, fitness and deployability of firefighters are described. Finally, a method of maintaining deployability prior to, during and post firefighting activities or training through active recovery is described to improve the preparedness of the individual firefighter.
Onschadelijkmaking: een problematische trend in criminaliteitsbestrijding
Authors: Duker Marius , Malsch Marijke 
Published: February 2025

Incapacitation: a debatable trend in crime control
This article attempts to interpret and critically discuss the concept of incapacitation as a motive in the response to crime. Research shows that incapacitation – disabling or hindering people to commit offences – increasingly presents an important motive in the response to crime. This tendency is explored by several researchers in a new book titled Incapacitation: Trends and New Perspectives (Ashgate 2012). This tendency presents itself by the expansion of various modes of and grounds for detention, but also in the increase of other kinds of incapacitative measures, as well as in the fact that also administrative measures outside criminal law increasingly contain incapacitative elements. This tendency towards incapacitation of possible (re-)offenders can also be witnessed in contemporary politics. Examples discussed here are the intensive application of preventive custody, disqualifications, restraining orders accompanied by electronic monitoring, as well as administrative measures aimed at refusing certificates of good conduct or permits for specific commercial activities. It is argued that incapacitation often is not a proportionate and effective approach against crime. It appears to obscure the perspective on possibly more effective attempts to secure future behavior.
Herstelbemiddeling in Vlaanderen onderzocht
Authors: Ferwerda Henk , van Leiden Ilse 
Published: February 2025

Restorative Justice in Flanders
On a yearly basis between 4.000 and 4.500 underage suspects in Flanders accept the offer of Restorative Justice. A many cited definition of Restorative Justice has been developed by Lode Walgrave: ‘Restorative Justice is every action that is primarily oriented toward doing justice by repairing the harm that has been caused by the crime’.Commissioned by the Flemish Minister of Welfare, Public Health and Family an evaluation of Restorative Justice for minors was conducted by Bureau Beke. In the article the authors reflect on Restorative Justice in Flanders and describe the most important findings of their research. The process of Restorative Justice, the satisfaction of the parties involved and its results are considered. The authors offer organizations several suggestions related to developing established procedures and practices. Furthermore results show that suspects and victims are satisfied with Restorative Justice, which yields several benefits for the parties involved: Reparation for victims and learning effects and reduced contacts with counseling agencies for suspects. An important overall conclusion is that face-to-face contact between victim and suspects is beneficial for the mediation process and subsequently repairing the harm.
Burgers voor/tegen burgers: buurtwachten in Nederland en hun verbindingen met bewoners, politie en gemeente
Authors: van der Land Marco 
Published: February 2025

Citizens for/against citizens: citizen watches in The Netherlands and their connections with residents, police and municipality
During the last decade the phenomenon of citizen watches has become a common and meaningful element in citizen participation that aims to improve local public safety. Citizen watches make a great case for examining the tension between the need for the Dutch government to maintain control over local safety issues and the strivings of citizens to contribute to local solutions in a more or less autonomous way. This paper examines the question to what extent citizen watches can contribute to the governance of local safety in a meaningful way. The Dutch government has been appealing strongly for more citizen involvement in public matters for some time, but is unclear about how municipalities and the police should respond to active citizens. The paper describes two different ways in which citizens can realize such an involvement i.e. either in a predominantly top-down fashion, in which the municipality and the police take a strongly directive approach towards citizen watches or in a more bottom-up oriented way, in which citizen watches are well embedded in local systems of informal social control. The paper argues and explains that both approaches have advantages as well as disadvantages regarding the way they support new forms of governance and cooperation between citizens and the state. It suggests that formal authorities can contribute to the self-reliance and collective efficacy of neighbourhood residents with regard to local public safety if they make a better effort of combining the pros of both approaches.
Cirurgia renal endoscópica para o tratamento de cálculos renais – série de casos
Authors: Marques Paulo Neto Matheus , Donizetti de Oliveira Cassiano , De Alcântara Cheloni Souza João Vinicius , Yadoya Rafael Tsutomu , De Oliveira Azambuja Thaina , Pedrenho Neto Rubens , Cunha Vieira Henrique , Vita Nunes Ricardo Luís , Perrella Rodrigo 
Published: February 2025

Introdução:
A evolução técnica e da instrumentação cirúrgica no tratamento de cálculos renais permitiu redução de complicações cirúrgicas e melhores resultados. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o impacto da cirurgia renal endoscópica combinada (Endoscopic Intrarenal Surgery – ECIRS) nas taxas de sucesso e complicações após o tratamento de cálculos renais.
Métodos:
Série prospectiva de 35 pacientes consecutivos submetidos à cirurgia renal endoscópica combinada para tratamento de cálculos renais entre maio de 2020 e abril de 2023. Foram coletados dados demográficos (Idade, sexo, ASA, presença de infecção urinária, características do cálculo pelo Guys Stone Score) e dados pós-operatórios (taxas de sucesso e de complicações). Foi considerado sucesso a ausência de cálculos na tomografia realizada no nonagésimo pós-operatório, e as complicações foram avaliadas pela Classificação Clavien-Dindo.
Resultados:
Dentre os pacientes incluídos, 54,3% tinham cálculos renais complexos (Guys 3 e 4). A taxa de pacientes livres de cálculos com um único procedimento foi de 88,6%. A taxa de complicações total foi de 31,4%, sendo 8,6% complicações maiores (Clavien 3 ou 4)
Conclusão:
A ECIRS nesta casuística apresentou altas taxas de sucesso e baixas taxas de complicação quando comparada aos resultados da cirurgia percutânea tradicional
R.E.N.A.L score - a tool for surgical planning: Retrospective study.
Authors: Brunetto Mariana , Cunha Fernanda Biasi da , Nasr Adonis , Lange Paulo Afonso Lopes , Iwamoto Aiko , Santos Laura Ribeiro dos , Cavalli Alexandre Cavalheiro , Militão Matheus Niehues 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: This study aims to demonstrate the proportion of partial and total nephrectomy based on preoperative staging of the R.E.N.A.L score in a 7-year from a single institution.
Materials and methods: Cohort study, the nephrometry score were available in 56 patients in our retrospective renal mass surgical database from 2017 to 2023. The R.E.N.A.L. score was analyzed both in its sum and its individual component scores according to the treatment approach.
Results: 56 medical records were included, according to graduation R.E.N.A.L. 14.3%, 53.6% and 32.1% were of low, moderate and high complexity, respectively. 53.6% were treated with partial nephrectomy. About 71% of the masses were clear cell carcinomas. The “R” and “L” components proved to be greater predictors of radical conduct as well as the higher the sum of this score (p<0.05). The mean R.E.N.A.L. score of the group treated with partial and total nephrectomies were: 7.40 ± 1.43 and 9.54 ± 1.39 (p<0.05). Those undergoing partial nephrectomy showed margin compromise in 37.5% of low complexities and 42% of moderate complexity.
Conclusion: In this study, in cases of moderate complexity, individual assessment proved to be essential, so that it was possible to perform partial nephrectomy in almost half of the cases, with a very slight increase in margin compromise in relation to low complexity tumors, from 37.5% to 42%. The R.E.N.A.L score alone did not prove to be a superior tool in deciding on surgical procedures in relation to individual analysis based on the surgeon's experience.
Miíase urogenital após queimadura em associação com imunodeficiência adquirida: relato de caso
Authors: Machado Filho Christiano , Rossato Chrun Lucas , De Miranda Luana , Burko Santos Vital , Simone Camargo de Morais Rocco Amanda , De Figueiredo Pimpão Bruno 
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Miíase é uma doença parasitária relacionada a má higiene e baixa condição socioeconômica. Ela ocorre após a penetração da pele pela larva e seu posterior desenvolvimento no tecido subcutâneo. Raramente acomete o trato geniturinário e a clínica varia conforme a sua localização.
Apresentação do caso: Homem, 42 anos, usuário de crack, morador de rua e com HIV sem tratamento. Buscou atendimento na emergência devido à lesão em pênis por queimadura há 20 dias, associada a miíase e dor na região genital. Ao exame, presença de necrose em prepúcio e inúmeras larvas (aproximadamente 80 larvas). Foi submetido a desbridamento, retirada dos parasitas e postectomia.
Conclusão: O acometimento de inúmeras larvas nesse caso demonstra a íntima relação dessa patologia com a má higiene e demora para procurar atendimento médico. Até o momento, este é um dos relatos de caso com o maior número de larvas acometendo a região urogenital já descrito.
Os precedentes vinculantes no Brasil e o acesso à justiça
Authors: Junior José Vilton de Jesus , Neto Ubirajara Coelho 
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho pretende analisar os efeitos da introdução de precedentes vinculantes em um sistema sobrecarregado e qual sua correlação com o acesso à justiça. No primeiro capítulo faz-se um panorama da quantidade de processo, custo orçamentário e tempo de tramitação dos processos judiciais no Brasil, com base em dados coletados pelo CNJ. Analise-se, no segundo capítulo, o acesso à justiça no Brasil e as concausas da cifra astronômica do atual acervo processual. No capítulo seguinte, aborda do uso dos precedentes judiciais obrigatórios como mecanismos de redução de processos, em um sistema sobrecarregado como o nosso. No quarto capítulo, traz ao debate o questionamento da própria criação e modo de funcionamento dos julgamentos vinculantes. Em seguida, tem-se a análise da hipótese: se o sistema de precedentes obrigatórios no Brasil facilita (ou não) o acesso à justiça. E, por fim, conclui-se, sem a pretensão de exaurir o tema, que o sistema de precedentes vinculantes, numa performance judiciária sob a ótica prioritariamente quantitativa, dificulta o acesso à justiça, na medida em que incute uma lógica de resultados, de julgamentos em massa de recursos repetitivos, pelo propósito único e obsessivo de redução da crise numérica de processos.
O uso abusivo dos corticosteroides e o desenvolvimento da insuficiência adrenal
Authors: Vidal Letícia Queiroz 
Published: February 2025

Objetivos: Orientar sobre os riscos e consequências do uso prolongado dos corticosteroides evoluindo com insuficiência adrenal. Metodologia: Uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que utilizou a estratégia PICO, em que, população (P) são pessoas que fazem uso abusivo de corticoide e seus efeitos adversos; interesse (I) é a Avaliação do uso abusivo de corticoide e seus efeitos adversos; e contexto (Co) é a descrição do uso abusivo de corticoide e seus efeitos adversos. Resultados: Foi utilizada como base de dados a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), em que se obteve 317 artigos, e desse total foram utilizados 5 na discussão da pesquisa. Discussão: Na discussão foram criadas duas categorias, sendo elas: Insuficiência adrenal causada pelo uso abusivo de corticosteroides; e Comorbidades relacionadas aos corticosteroides. Conclusão: Conclui-se que, o paciente deve ser acompanhado por um especialista, preferencialmente um endocrinologista, para acompanhamento regular das funções hormonais, diminuindo o risco do desenvolvimento da insuficiência adrenal.