bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIAGNOSIS OF ORAL MUCOSAL PATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF GROUP B VITAMIN IMBALANCE
Authors: Yatsenko Anna , Trankovskaya Lidiya , Artyulova Olga 
Published: February 2021

Subject. The scientific works of recent years show an increase in the degree of negative impact of vitamin deficiency and vitamin-like substances on the state of health of the population. With the deficiency of most vitamins, synthetic processes and regeneration of oral tissues are reduced, so often the initial signs of hypovitaminosis are stomatitis, gingivitis, glossitis, and therefore, it is dentists who are the first to diagnose deviations in the body associated with vitamin deficiency. This justifies the relevance and practical value of studying and describing clinical cases of manifestations of deficient vitamin conditions in the oral cavity.
The object – is to study the effect of B vitamins on the oral mucosa in order to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis of vitamin-deficient conditions of the human body.
Methodology. These clinical examples illustrate the management experience of patients with manifestations of deficient vitamin conditions on the oral mucosa. Clinical and laboratory methods of diagnosing the analysed conditions of the organism were applied. Statistical processing of materials was carried out using the STATISTICA 10 software (StatSoft, Inc., USA).
Results. The deficient condition of the organism in relation to vitamins B2, B6, B12 in patients 18-75 years old has been studied. Characteristic clinical changes on the oral mucosa of the examined patients were established. So, in most patients with vitamin B2 deficiency, the classic Sebrel triad was found: dermatitis, glossitis, cheilitis. In those examined with a lack of vitamin B6, language desquamations (smoothed, polished language) were determined in the 83.6%, often combined with glossodinia. Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency were characterized by a lesion in the form of Meller-Gunter glossitis in 74.9% of cases, moreover, 67.6% of patients showed paresthesia in the area of tongue and oral mucosa.
Conclusions. The study found that the first clinical symptoms of deficient conditions of the presented vitamins of group B were found from the oral cavity. Thus, it is the dentist who is the first to diagnose the pathological states of lack of group B vitamins in the human body, which emphasizes the importance and relevance of continuing to study these states of the body.
Appraisal of the entrustable professional activities interprofessional team member domain performed by North Dakota pharmacists
Authors: Scott David M. , Kelsch Michael P. , Zhang Anqing , Friesner Daniel L. 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To quantify the use of the interprofessional team member (ITM) domain of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) by North Dakota pharmacists across practice sites, roles in practice, and by preceptor status.
Methods: Survey methods were used to characterize the self-reported frequency with which pharmacists undertake core EPAs and supporting tasks in the ITM domain. The survey was administered to registered pharmacists practicing in North Dakota (n=990) during the fall of 2018, of which 457 (46.1%) responded. After eliminating responses with incomplete or missing information, 119 responses were available for analysis.
Results: For the overall EPA ITM domain, “Collaborate as a member of an interprofessional team population” pharmacists reported performing these activities an average (mean) of 3.3 times per month (SD=2.3). Within this domain, the highest reported example activity was “Use setting appropriate communication skills when interacting with others” (mean=4.1, SD 1.8), followed by “Communicate a patient’s medication-related problem(s) to another health professional” (mean=3.3, SD 2.0), and “Contribute medication-related expertise to the team’s work” (mean=3.1, SD=2.2). ITM domain and supporting example activities were performed at a greater rate in hospitals, community health centers and long-term-care facilities. For most items, preceptors reported a greater use of activities, than did non-preceptors.
Conclusions: North Dakota pharmacists currently complete tasks outlined in the ITM domain of the EPAs, although their contributions are varied by task, role, and preceptor status.
Relacje umowne na płaszczyźnie konsument – bank na przykładzie 5 banków działających w Polsce
Authors: Przerywacz Paweł 
Published: February 2021

Obserwowany w ostatnich latach dynamiczny rozwój sektora bankowego determinuje sposób budowania relacji z interesariuszami banków. Do najistotniejszej grupy interesów należą klienci, nabywcy produktów i usług bankowych, których relacje z bankiem mogą stanowić istotny element przewagi konkurencyjnej. Należy przy tym wskazać, iż w porównaniu z bankami, ich prawa i obowiązki, choć precyzyjnie określone licznymi aktami prawnymi, wskazują na istotny dysonans pomiędzy pozycją pojedynczego klienta oraz banku jako instytucji finansowej w stosunku prawnym wyrażonym umową.
Celem publikacji jest ocena relacji bank - klient z punktu widzenia wyboru banku, rodzaju usług bankowych oraz przepisów prawa.
Characteristic sets verses generalised characteristic sets for ordinary differential polynomial sets
Authors: Afzal Farkhanda , Ashiq Muhammad 
Published: February 2021

The concept of characteristic sets developed initially by Ritt and Wu has turned into a standard tool for the study of sets or systems of polynomial and algebraic differential equations. With the help of constructing characteristic sets, an arbitrary set or system of polynomials or differential polynomials can be triangularised. It means that it can be decomposed into a particular set or system of triangular forms. In this paper, a comparison of Ritt–Wu’s characteristic sets by Wang for the ordinary differential polynomial sets with the generalised characteristic sets of the ordinary differential polynomial sets by the authors has been presented.

Keywords: Characteristic set, differential polynomial, pseudo-division, admissible reduction.
DINÂMICA HISTÓRICA DO USO DA TERRA NO BIOMA CERRADO: IMPLICAÇÕES AMBIENTAIS NA SUB-BACIA DO RIO CAIAPÓ (GO)
Authors: Canedo Giovanna Silva , Rodrigues Hellbia Samara Moreira de Carvalho , Faria Karla Maria Silva de 
Published: February 2021

A ocupação do bioma Cerrado foi influenciada por incentivos fiscais de planos desenvolvimentistas governamentais, governo que tinham como objetivos a expansão das atividades agropecuárias que deram destaque econômico ao cerrado, mas também resultaram em impactos ambientais. O objetivo da pesquisa foi o de avaliar as implicações ambientais da dinâmica histórica de ocupação da paisagem na sub-bacia do rio Caiapó, situada na porção central do estado de Goiás. Tal área integra a área core do bioma e foi alvo de intenso processo de conversão e ocupação estimulado por políticas públicas da década de 1970. Sob uma abordagem geoecológica a partir da análise integrada, os procedimentos metodológicos envolveram a classificação supervisionada a partir de imagens LANDSAT com recorte temporal entre 1985 a 2016; análise da dinâmica de ocupação com índices descritores da estrutura da paisagem e avaliação da suscetibilidade à processos erosivos. Os resultados indicam que na área de estudo a cobertura vegetal se encontra bastante fragmentada com crescente aumento da atividade agropecuária, principalmente em áreas consideradas de muito a extremamente suscetíveis à erosão laminar tanto para os fragmentos de vegetação como para as atividades agrosilvopastoris.
Understanding and managing nitrogen nutrition in grapevine: a review
Authors: Verdenal Thibaut , Dienes-Nagy Ágnes , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Zufferey Vivian , Spring Jean-Laurent , Viret Olivier , Marin-Carbonne Johanna , Van Leeuwen Cornelis 
Published: February 2021

This review addresses the role of nitrogen (N) in vine balance and grape composition. It offers an integrative approach to managing grapevine N nutrition. Keeping in mind that N excess is just as detrimental to wine quality as N depletion, the control of grapevine N status, and ultimately must N composition, is critical for high-quality grape production. N fertilisation has been intensively used in the past century, despite plants absorbing only 30 to 40 % of applied N. By adapting plant material, soil management and vine balance to environmental conditions, it would be possible for grape growers to improve plant N use efficiency and minimise N input in the vineyard. Vineyard N management is a complex exercise involving a search for a balance between controlling vigour, optimising grape composition, regulating production costs and limiting pollution. The first part of this review describes grapevine N metabolism from root N uptake to vine development and grape ripening, including the formation of grape aroma compounds. The advantages and limits of methods available for measuring plant N status are addressed. The second part focuses on the parameters that influence grapevine N metabolism, distinguishing the impacts of environmental factors from those of vineyard management practices. Areas for further research are also identified.
Reverse Dynamization Accelerates Bone-Healing in a Large-Animal Osteotomy Model
Authors: Glatt Vaida , Samchukov Mikhail , Cherkashin Alexander , Iobst Christopher 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Reverse dynamization is a mechanical manipulation regimen designed to accelerate bone-healing and remodeling. It is based on the hypothesis that a fracture that is initially stabilized less rigidly allows micromotion to encourage initial cartilaginous callus formation. Once substantial callus has formed, the stabilization should then be converted to a rigid configuration to prevent the disruption of neovascularization. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether bone-healing can be accelerated using a regimen of reverse dynamization in a large-animal osteotomy model.

Methods:
Transverse 2-mm tibial osteotomies were created in 18 goats, stabilized using circular external fixation, and divided into groups of 6 goats each: static fixation (rigid fixation), dynamic fixation (continuous micromotion using dynamizers), and reverse dynamization (initial micromotion using dynamizers followed by rigid fixation at 3 weeks postoperatively). Healing was assessed with the use of radiographs, micro-computed tomography, and mechanical testing.

Results:
Radiographic evaluation showed earlier and more robust callus formation in the dynamic fixation and reverse dynamization groups compared with the static fixation group. After 8 weeks of treatment, the reverse dynamization group had reduced callus size, less bone volume, higher bone mineral density, and no evidence of radiolucent lines compared with the static fixation and dynamic fixation groups. This appearance is characteristic of advanced remodeling, returning closest to the values of intact bone. Moreover, the tibiae in the reverse dynamization group were significantly stronger in torsion compared with those in the static fixation and dynamic fixation groups.

Conclusions:
These findings confirmed that tibial osteotomies under reverse dynamization healed faster, healed objectively better, and were considerably stronger, all suggesting an accelerated healing and remodeling process.

Clinical Relevance:
This study demonstrates that the concept of reverse dynamization challenges the current understanding regarding the optimal fixation stability necessary to maximize the regenerative capacity of bone-healing. When reverse dynamization is employed in the clinical setting, it may be able to improve the treatment of fractures by reducing the time to union and potentially lowering the risk of delayed union and nonunion.
Urogenital Schistosomiasis among Primary School Children in Rural Communities in Obudu, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Opara Kenneth , Akomalafe Rebecca , Udoidung Nsima , Afia Udeme , Yaro Clement , Bassey Bassey 
Published: February 2021

Background: Schistosomiasis is a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) that constitutes a public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including Nigeria. There is need for updated information on the extent of the disease burden at community level to facilitate effective prioritization and monitoring of the disease.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among school-aged children in Obudu Local Government Area (LGA), one of the 18 LGAs in Cross River State, Southern Nigeria. Seven schools from seven communities were randomly selected for this study. A total of 1,113 urine samples obtained from school-aged children were screened for Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium) eggs using standard parasitological method of diagnosis. Proteinuria and hematuria were evaluated using reagent test strips.
Results: In this study, 153 (13.7%) children were infected with S. haematobium. More males (86 or 14.7%) were infected than females (67 or 12.7%); the differences were not statistically significant. The overall geometric mean intensity of infection was 13.3 eggs/10ml of urine. Females (13.69 eggs/10ml of urine) had the highest intensity of infection than males (12.91eggs/10ml of urine). Prevalence of hematuria was 152 (13.7%) (95% C.I. = 10.649 – 18.751%) while the prevalence of proteinuria was 172 (15.5%) (95% C.I. = 5.162 – 38.712%). Prevalence of infection significantly (p<0.001) varied among the schools from 7.8% to 28.9%. Children aged 5-9 years old had the highest prevalence of infection 46 (17.1%). The prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis was 28.9%, 20.5% and 13.2%, respectively, among Betukwel, Ibong, and Ohong communities.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Urinary schistosomiasis is still endemic in Obudu, Southern Nigeria but with decreased prevalence. Public health mitigation efforts such as mass chemotherapy, provision of safe water supply and sanitation facilities are recommended. Furthermore, health education should be encouraged within schools and communities.
Key words: • Schistosoma haematobium • Communities • Schools • Neglected tropical diseases • School-aged children • Parasitology • Chemotherapy • Proteinuria • Hematuria • Obudu • Cross River State • Nigeria.

Copyright © 2021 Opara, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
A Calibrated Computational Fluid Dynamics Model for Simulating the Rotating Disk Apparatus
Authors: Kotb A. , Ezzat A. A. , Ali M. , Elwany A. , Nasr-El-Din H. A. 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Reaction kinetics between calcite and acid systems have been studied using the rotating disk apparatus (RDA). However, simplifying assumptions have been made to develop the current equations used to interpret RDA experiments to enable solving them analytically in contrast to using numerical methods. Previous work has revealed inadequacies of some of these assumptions, which necessitates the use of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to investigate their impact on the RDA results. The objectives of the current work are to develop a calibrated CFD and proxy model to simulate the reaction in the RDA and use this model to estimate the diffusion coefficient and the reaction rate coefficient of the reaction in the RDA.
The present work developed the first calibrated CFD model to determine the diffusion coefficient and the reaction rate coefficient in the RDA with minimum assumptions in the hydrochloric acid (HCl) carbonate reaction. More specifically, the model relaxes the constant fluid properties, infinite acting reactor boundaries, and constant reaction surface area assumptions. The proxy model obtained results in reduced computational time with minimal compromise on accuracy. Finally, the proposed model showed an improvement of 63% in predicting the reaction kinetics between calcite and HCl compared to traditional methods.
New Formulation of Tertiary Amines for Thermally Stable and Cost-Effective Chemical Additive: Synthesis Procedure and Displacement Tests for High-Temperature Tertiary Recovery in Steam Applications
Authors: Pratama Randy Agra , Babadagli Tayfun 
Published: February 2021

Summary
A newly formulated chemical additive from a group of amines has been tested and applied to in-situ heavy oil thermal recovery. Switchable-hydrophilicity chemical additives were successfully synthesized from N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine in the form of homogeneous and hydrophilic solution. Fundamentally, tertiary amines comprise functional groups of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components. These unique features enable this chemical additive to wet both water and heavy oil, yielding potential interfacial tension (IFT) improvement. Furthermore, the reversible chemical reaction of this chemical additive yields both positive and negative ions. An ion pair formed due to the adsorption of cations—[C8H17NH+]—on the surface of heavy oil, whereas the anions—[HCO3−]—promoted solid-phase surface charge modification, therefore, resulting in the repulsive forces between heavy oil and the rock surface—substantially improving water-wetness and restoring an irreversible wettability alteration due to the phase change phenomenon during steam injection. In this research, two types of heavy oil acquired from a field in western Alberta encompassing the viscosity of 5,616  and 46,140 cp at 25°C was utilized in each experiment. All experiments were performed and measured at high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) steam conditions up to 200 psi and 200°C. We perceived that favorable IFT reduction was achieved, and irreversible wettability could be restored after combining switchable-hydrophilicity tertiary amines (SHTA) with steam as a result of the solid-phase surface charge modification to be more negatively charged. Phase distribution/residual oil in the porous media developed after steam injection was able to be favorably recovered, indicating that capillary forces could be reduced. Consequently, more than 80% of the residual oil could be recuperated post-SHTA injection, presenting favorable oil recovery performance. In addition to this promising evidence, SHTA could be potentially recovered by switching its reversible chemical reaction to be in hydrophobic form, hence, promoting this chemical additive to be both reusable and more economically effective. Comprehensive studies and analyses on interfacial properties, phase distribution in porous media, and recovery performance exhibit essential points of view in further evaluating the potential of SHTA for tertiary recovery improvement. Valuable substantiations and findings provided by our research present useful information and recommendations for fields with steam injection applications.
Pore-Scale Perspective of Gas/Water Two-Phase Flow in Shale
Authors: Zhang Tao , Javadpour Farzam , Li Jing , Zhao Yulong , Zhang Liehui , Li Xiangfang 
Published: February 2021

SummaryThe transport behaviors of both single-phase gas and single-phase water at nanoscale deviate from the predictions of continuum flow theory. The deviation is greater and more complex when both gas and liquid flow simultaneously in a pore or network of pores. We developed a pseudopotential-based lattice Boltzmann (LB) method (LBM) to simulate gas/water two-phase flow at pore scale. A key element of this LBM is the incorporation of fluid/fluid and fluid/solid interactions that successfully capture the microscopic interactions among phases. To calibrate the model, we simulated a series of simple and static nanoscale two-phase systems, including phase separation, a Laplace bubble, contact angle, and a static nanoconfined bubble. In this work, we demonstrate the use of our proposed LBM to model gas/water two-phase flow in systems like a single nanopore, two parallel nanopores, and nanoporous media. Our LBM simulations of static water-film and gas-film scenarios in nanopores agree well with the theory of disjoining pressure and serve as critical steps toward validating this approach. This work highlights the importance of interfacial forces in determining static and dynamic fluid behaviors at the nanoscale. In the Applications section, we determine the water-film thickness and disjoining pressure in a hydrophilic nanopore under the drainage process. Next, we model water imbibition into gas-filled parallel nanopores with different wettability, and simulate gas/water two-phase flow in dual-wettability nanoporous media. The results showed that isolated patches of organic matters (OMs) impede water flow, and the water relative permeability curve cuts off at water saturation [= 1–volumetric total organic carbon (TOC)]. The residual gas saturation is also controlled by the volumetric TOC, ascribed to the isolation of organic patches by the saturating water; therefore, the gas relative permeability curve cuts off at water saturation (= 1–volumetric TOC).
Prediction of Reservoir-Kick Effect and Its Management in the Managed-Pressure-Drilling Operation
Authors: Habib M. Musab , Imtiaz Syed , Khan Faisal , Ahmed Salim , Baker Justin 
Published: February 2021

Summary
The sudden influx of reservoir fluids (i.e., reservoir kick) into the drilling annulus is one of the common abnormal events encountered in drilling operations. A kick can lead to a blowout, causing loss of lives, assets, and damage to the environment. This study presents a framework for real-time kick monitoring and management in managed-pressure-drilling (MPD) operation. The proposed framework consists of three distinct steps: the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is used to detect and estimate the kick's severity; the estimated kick size and optimal control theory are used to calculate the time to mitigate the kick in the best-case scenario; and on the basis of the total predicted influx and pressure rise, the monitoring system generates a warning and activates the mitigation strategy. Thus, the proposed method can estimate, monitor, and manage kick in real time, enhancing the safety and efficiency of the MPD operation. The developed method was validated and demonstrated using a simulated MPD system, a pilot-scale experimental setup, and field data collected from an MPD operation in western Canada.