bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The soluble cytoplasmic tail of CD45 regulates T‐cell activation via TLR4 signaling
Authors: Puck Alexander , Künig Sarojinidevi , Modak Madhura , May Lara , Fritz Pia , Battin Claire , Radakovics Katharina , Steinberger Peter , Reipert Birgit M. , Crowe Brian A. , Stöckl Johannes 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe soluble cytoplasmic tail of CD45 (ct‐CD45) is a cleavage fragment of CD45, that is generated during the activation of human phagocytes. Upon release to the extracellular space, ct‐CD45 binds to human T cells and inhibits their activation in vitro. Here, we studied the potential role of TLR4 as a receptor for ct‐CD45. Treatment of Jurkat TLR4/CD14 reporter cells with ct‐CD45 induced the upregulation of the reporter gene NFκB‐eGFP and could be blocked by inhibitors of TLR4 signaling. Conversely, ct‐CD45 did not promote the NFκB‐controlled eGFP induction in reporter cells expressing TLR1, TLR2, and TLR6 transgenes and did not lead to the activation of the transcription factors NFκB, AP‐1, and NFAT in a Jurkat reporter cell line expressing endogenous TLR5. Moreover, ct‐CD45 binds to recombinant TLR4 in an in vitro assay and this association was reduced in the presence of oxidized 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐arachidonyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphorylcholine. Blockade of TLR4 with mAb HTA125 partially reversed the ct‐CD45‐mediated inhibition of T‐cell proliferation. Interestingly, targeting of TLR4 with mAb W7C11 also suppressed T‐cell proliferation. In summary, the results of this study demonstrate that ct‐CD45 acts via a noncanonical TLR4 activation pathway on T cells, which modulates TCR signaling.
Oxidative Addition of Secondary Phosphine Oxides through Rh(I) Center: Hydrido‐Phosphinito‐Rh(III) Complexes and their Catalytic Activity in Hydrophosphinylation of Alkynes
Authors: Almenara Naroa , Barquin Montserrat , Huertos Miguel A. , Garralda María A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe reaction of [Rh(μ‐Cl)(cod)]2 with diimines, differing in their steric and electronic properties, and with diphenylphosphine oxide leads to the oxidative addition products, hydrido‐phosphinito‐Rh(III) complexes {Rh(PPh2OH)(PPh2O)(NN)(H)Cl} (1), stabilized by the formation of a hydrogen bonded phosphinous acid‐phosphinito quasi‐chelate [(PO⋅⋅⋅HOP)‐κ2P]. Exchange of hydride by chloride to afford {Rh(PPh2OH)(PPh2O)(NN)Cl2} (2) occurs in hydrido complexes containing low steric hindrance diimines and is inhibited for complexes containing encumbered diimines. Complexes 1 react with BF3⋅OEt2 with exchange of the acidic proton by BF2, and transformation of the quasi‐chelating PO⋅⋅⋅HOP into a chelating PO‐BF2‐OP ligand in {Rh{(PPh2O)2BF2}(NN)(H)Cl} (3). The reaction of [Rh(μ‐Cl)(nbd)]2 or [Rh(acac)(nbd)] with diphenylphosphine oxide leads to coordinatively unsaturated nortricyclyl‐phosphinito‐Rh(III) complexes, {Rh(PPh2OH)(PPh2O)(ntyl)(μ‐Cl)}2 (4) or {Rh(PPh2OH)(PPh2O)(ntyl)(acac)} (6), respectively. Their reaction with BF3⋅OEt2 results in the corresponding {Rh{(PPh2O)2BF2}(ntyl)(μ‐Cl)}2 (5) or {Rh{(PPh2O)2BF2}(ntyl)(acac)} (7). Some of these new complexes have shown catalytic activity in hydrophosphinylation of alkynes, with {Rh(PPh2OH)(PPh2O)(NN)(H)Cl} containing encumbered NN being efficient and regioselective catalysts in the hydrophosphinylation of phenylacetylene with diphenylphosphine oxide to produce (E)‐diphenyl(styryl)phosphine oxide.
Unexpected Formation of 2,2‐Dichloro‐N‐(chloromethyl)acetamides during Attempted Staudinger 2,2‐Dichloro‐β‐lactam Synthesis
Authors: Deketelaere Sari , Van Den Broeck Elias , Cools Lore , Deturck Daan , Naeyaert Hannes , Van Hecke Kristof , Stevens Christian V. , Van Speybroeck Veronique , D'hooghe Matthias 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the quest for 3,3‐dichloro‐β‐lactam building blocks, the serendipitous formation of 2,2‐dichloro‐N‐(chloromethyl)acetamides was observed. This peculiar reactivity was investigated in detail, both experimentally and computationally by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. 2,2‐Dichloro‐N‐(chloromethyl)acetamides were thus shown to be formed experimentally through reaction of 2,2‐dichloroacetyl chloride with glyceraldehyde‐derived imines, i. e. (2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxolan‐4‐yl)methanimines, bearing aromatic N‐substituents, in the presence as well as in the absence of a base. Deployment of aliphatic imines, however, resulted in complex reaction mixtures, pointing to the importance of a stabilizing aromatic substituent at nitrogen. The DFT results indicate that the substituents can alter the governing equilibria on the one hand and intrinsic barrier heights for the different routes on the other hand, showing that these are controlling the reaction outcome. Furthermore, the 2,2‐dichloro‐N‐(chloromethyl)acetamides proved to be rather unstable in solution and thus difficult to isolate. Nonetheless, their molecular structure was confirmed by means of NMR analysis of several purified analogs and X‐ray study of a 4‐methoxyphenyl derivative.
Domino Synthesis of 4‐Alkylidene‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrroles from Homopropargyl Sulfonamides and Aldehydes
Authors: Amemiya Sho , Takahashi Yui , Tsubouchi Akira , Saito Akio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAbstract: We describe a domino synthesis of 4‐alkylidene‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrroles from aryl‐substituted homopropargyl sulfonamides and aldehydes promoted by cheap and easy‐to‐handle TsOH ⋅ H2O. The present reactions proceed through cyclocondensation of α‐sulfonamidoethyl‐α,β‐enone intermediates, which are formed by ring‐cleavage of 3‐acylpyrrolidines corresponding to aza‐Prins cyclized intermediates. By controlling the conditions, 3‐acylpyrrolidines can be obtained.
Joint optimization of imperfect condition‐based maintenance and lot sizing via an availability‐cost hybrid factor
Authors: Yang Jianhua , Zhao Xiao , Han Mengying 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article develops a joint model of condition‐based maintenance (CBM) and economic production quantity (EPQ) for a single‐unit manufacturing system. The degradation process of the system is described by a random coefficient growth model, where the mean and variance may increase with time. The condition of the system is monitored after each lot size. Three types of actions are considered, preventive maintenance (PM), preventive replacement, and corrective maintenance (CM), which are performed according to multilevel thresholds. PM is imperfect, and the system lies between two states, that is, it is as good as new or as bad as old after PM with a certain probability. Different actions lead to different calculations to determine the optimal PM strategy based on the renewal reward theory. An availability‐cost hybrid factor is proposed to balance the cost per unit time and the availability of the system. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the method, and then a sensitivity analysis is conducted by a real case study. A comparison with single‐level threshold strategies demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Green plant‐based triboelectricity system for green energy harvesting and contact warning
Authors: Feng Yange , Dong Yanhong , Zhang Liqiang , Li Xiaojuan , Li Lingxiao , Zheng Youbin , Wang Daoai , Zhou Feng , Liu Weimin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs people pay more and more attention to environmental protection, the selection of materials and preparation methods of triboelectric nanogenerators in the manufacturing process are particularly critical to whether triboelectric nanogenerator is environmentally friendly. However, the friction layers of traditional triboelectric nanogenerators are mostly polymers, which are not cost‐effective and biodegradable. Herein, an all green triboelectricity energy harvesting system is designed basing on live plants in nature to realize the collection of dissipative energy in the environment of wind energy, rain energy, and various mechanical movement energies. The stem and the soil are used to transfer electrons, which is very environment friendly and has never been reported in triboelectricity system before. The green plant‐based triboelectric generator can reach the maximum output performance of 4.6 μA and 35.3 V, respectively, when touched by hand with polytetrafluoroethylene glove. The green triboelectric system is also designed as a contact alert sensor for danger warning. Due to the huge number of plants in nature, the green leaf and plants based triboelectric generators shows great application prospects in all green energy harvesting and self‐powered warning sensor.image
Effect of the administration of probiotics on the fecal microbiota of adult individuals
Authors: Zhao Feiyan , Jin Hao , Shen Xin , Li Qi , Liu Xiaoye , Zhang Lei , Sun Zhihong , Yu Jie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProbiotics have been used to ameliorate ailments by modulating gut microbiota. However, to date, the effects of probiotic supplementation on the composition of fecal microbiota in healthy adults remain obscure. In this study, nine healthy volunteers were recruited to take probiotics (a mixture of Lactobacillus casei Zhang, L. plantarum P‐8, and Bifidobacterium lactis V9, 2:2:3, 1 × 1010 CFU/day) for 28 days. The fecal samples were collected at 0 and 28 days, and V4 of the 16S rRNA gene sequenced by Illumina MiSeq was used to analyze the fecal microbiota. The enterotype has been used to characterize the composition of gut microbiota. Nine adults were divided into Type P (fecal microbiota dominated by Prevotella, 4 adults) and Type B (fecal microbiota dominated by Bacteroides, 5 adults) based on an enterotype analysis. The responses of variation had been found in two enterotypes. The α‐diversity was not changed significantly after the administration of probiotics in both Type P and B. However, the community structure in Type B was substantially influenced. After the administration of probiotics, Weissella and Leuconostoc were significantly higher in Type P, while Collinsella significantly increased in Type B. The different pathways involving pathogen infections were downregulated at 28 days. The Type VI secretion system and the EHEC/EPEC pathogenicity signature were downregulated in Type B and Type P, respectively.
Time to change lanes: How pro‐market reforms affect informal ventures' formalization speed
Authors: Weng David H. , Lee Seung‐Hyun , Yamakawa Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2021

AbstractResearch SummaryWe argue that pro‐market reforms encourage informal ventures to obtain formal registration quickly by altering the relative costs and benefits of joining the formal sector. We furthermore contend that this reform effect is shaped by several contextual factors such that venture embeddedness and market position increase the costs of leaving the informal sector, weakening the effect of pro‐market reforms. Although foreign competition may make the formal sector more competitive and dampen the effect of pro‐market reforms, larger informal economy may induce informal ventures to stay put. Results based on a sample of multicountry ventures support our arguments, suggesting that pro‐market reforms can speed up informal ventures' formalization processes.Managerial SummaryWe analyze the relationship between pro‐market reforms and informal ventures' formalization speed. We find that pro‐market reforms compel informal entrepreneurs to seek the benefits and to move to the formal sector quickly. Also, more embedded ventures and ventures with larger market positions are less responsive to pro‐market reforms as these ventures incur higher costs in leaving the informal sector. Since strong foreign competition makes the formal sector less attractive for nondominant entities, informal ventures may find pro‐market reforms less attractive in countries with heightened foreign competition. Ventures in countries with more intense foreign competition are less susceptible to the effect of pro‐market reforms. Overall, while pro‐market reforms provide ample incentives to formalize, informal ventures are not uniformly incentivized to do so given these contingences.
Insights into modifiable risk factors of cholelithiasis: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Lanlan , Yang Hongqun , Li Haitao , He Chang , Yang Liu , Lv Guoyue 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
The risk factors of cholelithiasis have not been clearly identified, especially for total cholesterol. Here, we try to identify these causal risk factors.

Approach and Results
We obtained genetic variants associated with the exposures at the genome‐wide significance (p < 5 × 10−8) level from corresponding genome‐wide association studies. Summary‐level statistical data for cholelithiasis were obtained from FinnGen and UK Biobank (UKB) consortia. Both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to identify causal risk factors of cholelithiasis. Results from FinnGen and UKB were combined using the fixed‐effect model. In FinnGen, the odds of cholelithiasis increased per 1‐SD increase of body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.631, p = 2.16 × 10−7), together with body fat percentage (OR = 2.108, p = 4.56 × 10−3) and fasting insulin (OR = 2.340, p = 9.09 × 10−3). The odds of cholelithiasis would also increase with lowering of total cholesterol (OR = 0.789, p = 8.34 × 10−5) and low‐density lipoprotein–cholesterol (LDL‐C) (OR = 0.792, p = 2.45 × 10−4). However, LDL‐C was not significant in multivariable MR. In UKB, the results of BMI, body fat percentage, total cholesterol, and LDL‐C were replicated. In meta‐analysis, the liability to type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking could also increase the risk of cholelithiasis. Moreover, there were no associations with other predominant risk factors.

Conclusions
Our MR study corroborated the risk factors of cholelithiasis from previous MR studies. Furthermore, lower total cholesterol level could be an independent risk factor.
Circulating DNA changes are predictive of disease progression after transarterial chemoembolization
Authors: Sefrioui David , Verdier Vincent , Savoye‐Collet Céline , Beaussire Ludivine , Ghomadi Slim , Gangloff Alice , Goria Odile , Riachi Ghassan , Montialoux Hélène , Schwarz Lilian , Tuech Jean‐Jacques , Frebourg Thierry , Michel Pierre , Sarafan‐Vasseur Nasrin , Di Fiore Frédéric 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTransarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is used to treat patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated the clinical impact of a‐fetoprotein (AFP) and circulating cell‐free and tumor DNA (cfDNA and ctDNA) changes around the TACE procedure. Our prospective monocentric study enrolled consecutive patients treated with TACE, with samples collected at baseline (D − 1), Day 2 (D + 2) and 1 month (M + 1) after TACE. cfDNA was quantified by the fluorometric method, and ctDNA was quantified by digital polymerase chain reaction designed for two hotspot TERT mutations. Computerized tomography scans or magnetic resonance imaging were performed at M + 1 every 3 months following TACE and independently reviewed. The objective was to identify thresholds of cfDNA, ctDNA and AFP changes associated with progressive disease (PD) using receiver operating characteristic curves. Thirty‐eight patients were included from March 2018 to March 2019. All markers significantly increased from D − 1 to D + 2 (P < .005), and cfDNA and ctDNA significantly decreased from D + 2 to M + 1 (P < .0001). The analysis of changes from D − 1 to M + 1 identified thresholds at +31.4% for cfDNA and 0% for ctDNA that were significantly associated with PD at M + 1 (44.4% [>+31.4%] vs 3.8% [≤+31.4%] and 50.0% [>0%] vs 5.0% [≤0%], respectively). No significant threshold was identified for AFP. Using a score combining cfDNA and ctDNA, the patients were classified into high‐ or low‐risk PD groups at M + 1, with PD rates of 80.0% vs 4.3% (P = .001) and median progression‐free survival times of 1.3 vs 10.3 months (P = .002). Our study suggests that cfDNA and ctDNA increases around the TACE procedure and are associated with therapeutic failure.
Efficacy of CO2 laser treatment in postmenopausal women with vulvovaginal atrophy: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Meichen , Li Fengyong , Zhou Yu , Cao Yujiao , Li Senkai , Li Qiang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of CO2 laser treatment in postmenopausal women with vulvovaginal atrophy.MethodPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched to June 9, 2020. Prospective studies on the efficacy of CO2 laser treatment were included. Two researchers independently reviewed articles and extracted data. Heterogeneity test was conducted for each outcome indicator. Sensitivity analysis was performed in all models.ResultsTwelve articles including 459 participants were enrolled. Compared with baseline, vaginal health indeices (VHIs) were significantly higher at the 1‐, 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow ups (P < 0.001). For VVA severity, the visual analog scale scores for vaginal dryness at 1‐, 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow‐ups (P < 0.050), vaginal burning, itching, and dysuria at 1‐month follow up (P < 0.001), and dyspareunia at 1‐, 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow‐ups (P < 0.001) were all significantly lower. For FSFI, total scores at 1‐, 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow ups (P < 0.001), and the scores in desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain at 1‐month follow up (P < 0.050) were all significantly higher. For quality of life, the PCS12 and MCS12 scores were all significantly higher (P < 0.050) at the 1‐month follow up.ConclusionCO2 laser treatment may be effective for postmenopausal women with VVA symptoms in improving quality of life and sexual function.
Factors associated with the development of neonatal hypoglycemia after antenatal corticosteroid administration: It's all about timing
Authors: Zigron Roy , Rotem Reut , Erlichman Ira , Rottenstreich Misgav , Rosenbloom Joshua I. , Porat Shay , Rottenstreich Amihai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia among neonates exposed to antenatal corticosteroid (ACS).MethodsA retrospective study conducted during 2017–2019 at a tertiary‐care center including all neonates delivered between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation after ACS administration. The primary outcome was neonatal hypoglycemia (<40 mg/dl).ResultsOverall, 362 early preterm neonates, including 205 singletons and 157 twins, were exposed to ACS before delivery and constituted the study group. Of them, 275 (76.0%) were exposed to a single ACS course and 87 (24.0%) to an additional rescue ACS course. Neonatal hypoglycemia occurred in 84 (23.2%) neonates. The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia was significantly higher in those delivered between 24 and 48 h after ACS administration compared with those delivered outside this time interval (10/25, 40.0% vs 74/337, 21.9%; P = 0.049). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for neonatal birth weight and gestational age, delivery within 24–48 h after ACS administration was the only independent risk factor associated with neonatal hypoglycemia (adjusted odds ratio 2.41, 95% confidence interval 1.03–5.68; P = 0.044).ConclusionNeonatal hypoglycemia occurred in over one‐fifth of those exposed to ACS, and was independently associated with delivery between 24 and 48 h after ACS administration.
Pharmacist‐led phone call initiative targeting hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with uncontrolled diabetes
Authors: Seamon Gwen , Caron Olivia , Jiang Alice , Farrar Mackenzie , Hughes Phillip , Lugo Brunilda , Warren Anne Carrington 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposePharmacist‐led telemedicine initiatives have been shown to lower hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels compared with usual care, but few studies have targeted patients with uncontrolled diabetes in the rural setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist‐led diabetes telemedicine initiative on HbA1c in patients with uncontrolled diabetes at a family medicine clinic in rural North Carolina.MethodsPharmacists implemented a telemedicine initiative to help manage patients with uncontrolled diabetes at a large, rural family medicine clinic. Adult patients with uncontrolled diabetes were identified through a generated report or by provider referrals. Pharmacy residents called each patient and documented type of interventions, demographic information, and HbA1c results. Patients were followed within a time period of 18 months (September 2018‐March 2020).ResultsA total of 64 patients were successfully contacted by the telemedicine program. The patients were primarily non‐Hispanic, white patients (50% female) with type 2 diabetes on insulin. The most common interventions that patients received included general education (68.8%), scheduling labs (51.6%), insulin titration (51.6%), and facilitating medication access (50.0%). For patients who had been in the telemedicine program long enough to have had an HbA1c lab completed post‐contact (n = 46), there was a significant reduction of 1.15 in mean HbA1c (t = −3.5, P < .01) compared with their initial HbA1c prior to receiving phone calls.ConclusionA pharmacist‐led diabetes telemedicine program was associated with a reduction in HbA1c for patients with uncontrolled diabetes in a rural family practice.
Factors influencing providers' willingness to deprescribe medications
Authors: Davila Heather , Rosen Amy K. , Stolzmann Kelly , Zhang Libin , Linsky Amy M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPolypharmacy (taking ≥ five medications) is common and associated with adverse drug events, medication nonadherence, and increased mortality and healthcare costs. Primary care providers are uniquely positioned to deprescribe unnecessary medications, yet little is known about factors that influence their deprescribing decisions.ObjectivesWe sought to identify factors that influence primary care providers' recommendations to deprescribe potentially unnecessary medications.MethodsThis study represents a secondary data analysis from a national, cross‐sectional survey assessing providers' beliefs, attitudes, and experiences regarding medication deprescribing. A random sample of 2475 providers in Veterans Affairs (VA) primary care clinics were invited; 411 responded (16.6% response rate). Respondents included physicians (n = 304), nurse practitioners/physician assistants (n = 68), and clinical pharmacists (n = 39). Respondents estimated the proportion of their patients taking a potentially unnecessary medication. Of these patients, providers then identified the proportion for whom they recommended medication deprescribing (response options: <20%, 20%‐39%, 40%‐59%, 60%‐79%, ≥80%). We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with recommending deprescribing to ≥80% of candidate patients.ResultsAlthough most respondents indicated having patients taking unnecessary medications, less than one‐third reported recommending deprescribing to most (≥80%) of their candidate patients. In adjusted analyses, factors significantly associated with increased likelihood of recommending deprescribing included having more patients who asked for medication information, providers' self‐rated comfort with deprescribing, and having support to monitor patients after deprescribing. When the indication for a medication was unclear, providers reported being less likely to recommend deprescribing.ConclusionMost providers indicated caring for patients taking potentially unnecessary medications, yet they did not consistently say they recommended deprescribing to these patients. Our findings suggest that requiring prescriptions to include their reason for use and models of primary care designed to strengthen interdisciplinary teamwork and communication, such as the patient‐centered medical home, could address barriers providers face to deprescribing medications.