bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Network Pharmacology-Based Study on Pharmacological Activities and Mechanisms of Essential Oil in Leaves of C. Grandis ‘Tomentosa’
Authors: You Jieshu , He Sheng-cai , Chen Liang , Guo Zhen-hui , Gao Fei , Li Ren-kai , Qu Wei-ling , Chen Wei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background and Objective: Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’, as the fruit epicarp of C. grandis ‘Tomentosa’ or C. grandis (L.) Osbeck, is widely used in health food and medicine. Actually, based on our survey results, there are also rich essential oils with bioativities in leaves, but the chemical compounds in this part and relevant pharmacological activities have never been studied systematically yet. Therefore, this study was to preliminarily decipher the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of the essential oil in leaves of C. grandis ‘Tomentosa’ by an integrated network pharmacology approach. Methods: Essential oil compositions from leaves of C. grandis ‘Tomentosa’ were identified using GC-MS/MS. And then the targets of these oil compositions were predicted and screened from TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, STITCH and SEA databases. STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction networks, and the eligible protein targets were input into WebGestalt 2019 to carry out GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Based on the potential targets, disease enrichment information was obtained by TTD databases. Cytoscape software was used to construct the component-target-disease network diagrams. Results: Finally, 61 essential oil chemical components were identified by GC-MS/MS, which correspond to 679 potential targets. Biological function analysis showed that there were 12, 19, and 12 GO entries related to biological processes, cell components and molecular functions, respectively. 43 KEGG pathways were identified, of which the most significant categories were terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, TNF signaling pathway and leishmaniasis. The component-target-disease network diagram revealed that the essential oil compositions in leaves of C. grandis ‘Tomentosa’ could treat tumors, immune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and respiratory diseases, which were highly related to CHRM1, PTGS2, CASP3, MAP2K1 and CDC25B.Conclusion: This study may provide a new insight into C. grandis ‘Tomentosa’ or C. grandis (L.) Osbeck and may provide useful information for future utilization and development.
Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis Revealed Lipometabolic Disorders in Perirenal Adipose Tissue of Rabbits Subject to a High-fat Diet
Authors: Xia Siqi , Shao Jiahao , Elzo Mauricio A. , Tang Tao , Li Yanhong , Lai Tianfu , Gan Mingchuan , Ma Yuan , Jia Xianbo , Lai Songjia , Wang Jie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Backgroud：High-fat diet (HFD) has been widely recognized as a significant modifiable risk for insulin resistance, inflammation, type 2-diabetes (T2D), atherosclerosis and other metabolic diseases. The biological mechanisms responsible for disturbances in perirenal adipose tissue (PAT) and other tissues in rodents fed a HFD are well understood. However, the biological mechanism responsible for key metabolic disorders in PAT of rabbits subject to HFD remains unclear. Methods: Here, untargeted metabolomics (LC-MS/MS) combined with liquid chromatography (LC) and high resolution mass spectrometry (MS) were used to evaluate PAT metabolic changes. Histological observations showed that the adipocytes cells and density of PAT was significantly increased in HFD rabbits. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed noticeable changes in PAT metabolites between the HFD and standard normal diet (SND) rabbit groups. Results: Our study revealed 206 differential metabolites (21 up-regulated and 185 down-regulated), and then the 47 differential metabolites (13 up-regulated and 34 down-regulated), mainly phospholipids, fatty acids, steroid hormones and amino acids, chosen as potential biomarkers to help explain metabolic disorders caused by HFD. These metabolites were mainly associated with biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway, the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway, and the platelet activation pathway. Our study revealed that a HFD caused significant metabolic disorders in rabbit PAT. Conclusion: High levels of phospholipids, fatty acids, steroid hormones and l-methionine may inhibit oxygen respiration by increasing the adipocytes cells and density cause mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction, produce inflammation, and finally lead to insulin resistance, thus increasing the risk of T2D , atherosclerosis, and other metabolic syndromes.
Radiation Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Wet Adhesives for Attracting and Trapping Insects
Authors: Awadallah-F Ahmed , Elhady M. A. , Mousaa I. M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Different blends are fabricated from oleic acid (OA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and cis-1,4-polyisoprene (PI) are prepared at different ratios as wet adhesives for attracting and trapping insects. Different ratios of blends (PVP-PI)/OA are (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1 g/g), respectively. Ratio between PVP and PI is 9 to 1 (g/g). The OA, PVP and PI are dissolved to form homogenous blends in all in-situ compositions. The blends were exposed to dose of 10 to 50 kGy. Adhesion properties, water sorption, Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis and scan electron microscopy were conducted. The results showed that adhesion of all blends were augmented by increasing the irradiation dose up to 20 kGy. The best ratio of blend was 2:1 which contained high concentration of oleic acid. Blends (PVP-PI)/OA were tested to attract and trap flies and mosquitoes. Results confirmed good efficiency of (PVP-PI)/OA as wet adhesives for attracting and trapping flies and mosquitoes.
Volumetric Assessment and Clinical Predictor of Cirrhotic Livers With Normal Liver Function Undergoing Hepatectomy
Authors: Shimizu Takayuki , Aoki Taku , Park Kyung-Hwa , Matsumoto Takatsugu , Shiraki Takayuki , Sakuraoka Yuhki , Mori Shozo , Iso Yukihiro , Ishizuka Mitsuru , Kubota Keiichi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aim: Indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes (ICGR15) is a frequently-used indicator of liver function. However, cirrhotic liver is sometimes observed intraoperatively despite a normal preoperative ICGR15 (<10 %). Herein, we conducted clinical and volumetric assessments of cirrhotic livers with normal ICGR15.Methods: Patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma were divided into 3 groups: non-cirrhotic livers (Group A, n=112): cirrhotic livers with ICGR15 <10% (Group B, n=71): and cirrhotic livers with ICGR15 >10% (Group C, n=296). Background characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared between groups. Functional liver volume (FLV) was computed using total liver volume and signal intensity ratio. Liver parenchymal cell volume ratio was measured in non-cancerous tissue obtained from resected specimens. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to detect clinical characteristics correlating with cirrhotic liver pathology with normal ICGR15.Results: There was no significant difference between groups in TLV. FLV was gradually reduced from Group A toward Group C. Liver parenchymal cell volume ratio was also gradually reduced from Group A toward Group C. Multivariate analysis revealed that platelet count (<12 x104/mm3) (P = 0.001) and prothrombin time (<80 %) (P = 0.025) were significantly associated with cirrhotic liver pathology among patients with normal ICGR15.Conclusion: Our results suggested that cirrhotic liver pathology despite normal liver function was characterized by slightly decreasing liver parenchyma as well as slight degree of fibrosis. Platelet count and PT% are useful for predicting liver cirrhosis with normal ICGR15.
Haploidentical Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Using Post-transplant Cyclophosphamide for Children With Non-malignant Diseases
Authors: Hashem Hasan , Najjar Rula , Shanap Mayada Abu , Khattab Eman , Rihani Rawad , Tbakhi Abdelghani , Sultan Iyad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a valuable curative option for children with non-malignant diseases. Haploidentical HCT using post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is a readily available option in the absence of an HLA- matched donor. We conducted a retrospective single-center study on the outcome of haploidentical HCT in children with non-malignant diseases. We gathered data from 44 patients underwent HCT in the period 2015 to 2020. The indications for HCT were bone marrow failure, primary immunodeficiency, metabolic disorders, and hemoglobinopathy. Median age at HCT was 4 years (range 0.7-20).The conditioning regimens were myeloablative (n=16), or reduced intensity (n=26). After a median follow-up of 20 months (range 4-71), 2-year overall survival was 89% and 2 year GvHD-free relapse-free survival (GRFS) was 66%. Incidence of primary graft failure was 13.6%. Cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute and moderate/severe chronic GvHD were 20% and 6.4%, respectively. Younger age at HCT (<5 years) and primary immunodeficiency were significantly associated with better GRFS (p <0.05). In conclusion, haploidentical HCT using PTCy is feasible and curative in children with non-malignant diseases lacking an HLA-matched donor. Early diagnosis and referral in addition to timely treatment can further improve outcomes.
Multidimensional Geriatric Evaluation in Acromegaly: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gagliardi Irene , Chiloiro Sabrina , Vallillo Maria , Bondanelli Marta , Volpato Stefano , Giampietro Antonella , Bianchi Antonio , De Marinis Laura , Zatelli Maria Chiara , Ambrosio Maria Rosaria 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Improvement in acromegaly management increased disease survival and prevalence. Evidence regarding acromegaly in older adults are sparse. We aim to explore acromegaly impact on aging process quality.Methods: Multicenter case-control study conducted on 42 older adults (≥ 65 years) acromegaly patients (ACRO) compared to an age- and gender-matched control group (CTR). Each participant underwent a multidimensional geriatric evaluation.Results: Mean age in both groups was 73 ± 6 years and female gender was most represented (69%). 13 ACRO were in remission and 29 had active disease controlled by medical therapy except for one patient. ACRO showed worse physical performance and mobility skills worsening with age as compared to CTR. ACRO performed poorly in functional status assessment, and age negatively correlated with instrumental and basic daily activities execution. Cognitive evaluation was significantly impaired in ACRO vs. CTR, worsening with age. No difference was found concerning nutritional and psychological status. Musculoskeletal and bone diseases were more frequent in ACRO than in CTR (52% vs. 12%; 64% vs. 10%; P< 0.05) and independently associated with geriatric outcomes in ACRO. ACRO reported a less satisfactory quality of life concerning physical activity and pain, general health, vitality, social activities.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates increased frailty of older acromegaly patients as compared to non-acromegaly patients with a consequent negative impact on their quality of life. Therefore, it seems advisable to include physical, functional, cognitive, nutritional, and psychological status assessments in routine clinical practice. Further studies are needed to identify the most appropriate geriatric tools.
WITHDRAWN: Establishment of a Finite Element Model and Biomechanical Analysis of Different Fixation Methods for Total Talar Prosthesis Replacement
Authors: Yang Qian dong , Chang Le , Bian Xuting , Ma Lin , Xu Tao , Tang Kanglai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Back ground：A three-dimensional finite element model of the whole foot with high geometric similarity was established and used to simulate the conditions after whole talar prosthesis implantation with several fixation methods, including Screw fixation of subtalar+talus-navicular joint, fixation with screws at only the subtalar joint, and fixation without screws. The biomechanical characteristics of the talus prosthesis were assessed in different gait phases to guide the selection of surgical methods in clinical practice.Methods：With the three-dimensional CT data of a volunteer's foot, Mimics13.0 and Geomagic10.0 software were used to carry out geometric reconstruction of the ankle-related tissues, and Hypermesh10.0 software was used for grid division and material attribute selection. Finally, the data were imported into Abaqus 6.9, and the simulated screw data were applied to different models. Finite element models with different fixation methods were simulated, and the stresses exerted by the human body in three gait phases (heel-strike, midstance and push-off) were simulated. The pressure changes in the articular surface around the talus or the prosthesis, the micromotion of the talus and the prosthesis and ankle motion were measured. Results：Finite element analysis on the biomechanical mechanism showed that screw fixation of the prosthesis in different gait phases mainly increases the pressure on the tibialis articular surface as well as decreases the pressure on the fused articular surface and joint micromotion, which hinders ankle motion. The indicator values were nearly the same in the models of fixation without screws and the normal state.Conclusion：The 3D finite element model created in this study has been verified to be an accurate and reliable model. The biomechanical mechanism varies by fixation method according to finite element analysis. Fixation of the prosthesis without screws yields values most similar to normal values.
The Oncogenic Role of HIF-1α/miR-182-5p/ZFP36L1 Signaling Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhou Fangzheng , Ou Tong , Sun Haiyan , Shan Zhirui , Lu Yingshen , Chen Gui , Yuan Simin , Zhang Xiaowen , Wu Song 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence indicates that dysregulation of human microRNAs could serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), whereas miR-182-5p has not been explored in NPC. Our study aims to elucidate the biological function of miR-182-5p in NPC in vitro and in vivo and the potential molecular mechanism involved. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine miR-182-5p expression in NPC primary tissues and cell lines. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for ZFP36L1 was conducted in NPC samples. Western blot was used to evaluate protein expression in cell lines. A series of functional assays were carried out to evaluate the roles of miR-182-5p and ZFP36L1 in tumor development and progression of NPC. Bioinformatics tools and luciferase reporter assays were utilized to identify the potential mechanisms of action. Moreover, rescue experiments were applied to explore whether ZFP36L1 mediated the effects of miR-182-5p in NPC. Results: Up-regulation of miR-182-5p was significantly associated with tumor development and poor prognosis in patients with NPC. Functional study demonstrated that miR-182-5p overexpression enhanced, whereas suppression of miR-182-5p impeded NPC cell proliferation, migration, tumorigenesis and metastasis. Mechanistically, miR-182-5p interacted with ZFP36L1 at two sites in its 3’ un-translated region (UTR) and repressed ZFP36L1 expression in NPC. Consistently, an inverse correlation was observed between the expression levels of miR-182-5p and ZFP36L1 using clinical NPC tissues, and down-regulation of ZFP36L1 in NPC predicts poor survival. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-182-5p in NPC was attributable to the transcriptional activation effect induced by hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Conclusion: Our data suggest that miR-182-5p facilitates cell proliferation and migration in NPC through its ability to down-regulate ZFP36L1 expression, and that the HIF-1α/miR-182-5p/ZFP36L1 axis may serve as a novel therapeutic target in the management of NPC.
Multiple categories of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric PM2.5 associated with changes in lipid profiles: a longitudinal study in Beijing
Authors: Wang Xue , Li Ang , Zhao Meiduo , Xu Jing , Mei Yayuan , Xu Qun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Lipid disorder has been demonstrated as important biomarkers for many chronic diseases, while PM2.5 is becoming an emerging risk factor to altered lipid profiles. However, few studies have paid attention to the changes of comprehensive lipid indices caused by PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure, especially among older adults population. We aimed to investigate whether PM2.5-bound PAHs were associated with the changes of lipid profiles, and whether this association could differ among multiple categories of PAHs.
Methods
A longitudinal study including 98 adults was conducted in Beijing, China, from November 2016 to January 2018. Multiple categories of PAHs were classified into low-molecular-weight PAHs (LMW-PAHs), high-molecular-weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs), carcinogenic PAHs (c-PAHs) and non-carcinogenic PAHs (nc-PAHs) based on their molecular weight and carcinogenicity potential. Linear mixed-effects models were used to explore the association between multiple categories of PAHs and lipid profiles, including single-pollutant model, two-pollutant model, and constituent-residual model.
Results
We found that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly decreased by 1.00% (95%CI, -1.98 to -0.30%) to 9.52% (95%CI, -13.93 to -4.88%) in association with a 10 ng/m3 increase in moving averages of the multiple categories of PAHs. We also found significant increases in total cholesterol (TG), castelli risk indexes I and II (CRI-I and II), and atherogenic coefficient (AC) by 4.08% (95% CI, 0.10 to 7.25%) to 40.49% (95% CI, 13.88 to 73.33%) were associated with a 10 ng/m3 increase of multiple categories of PAHs.
Conclusion
Multiple categories of PAHs were significantly associated with altered lipid profiles. Although some PAHs are not carcinogenic, they may cause dyslipidemia, which in turn affects chronic diseases.
Real-world data analysis of patients with cancer of unknown primary
Authors: Kang Sora , Jeong Jae Ho , Yoon Shinkyo , Yoo Changhoon , Kim Kyu-Pyo , Cho Hyungwoo , Jung Jinhong , Ryoo Baek-Yeol , Kim Jeong Eun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a heterogeneous malignancy in which the primary site of the tumor cannot be identified through standard work-up. The survival outcome of CUP is generally poor, and there is no consensus for treatment. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the real-world data of 218 patients with CUP (median age, 62 years [range, 19–91]; male, 62.3%). Next-generation sequencing was conducted in 22 (10%) patients, one of whom showed level 1 genetic alteration. Most (60.3%) patients were treated with empirical cytotoxic chemotherapy, and two patients received targeted therapy based on the NGS results. The median OS was 8.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.2–11.4), and the median progression-free survival of patients treated with chemotherapy was 4.4 months (95% CI, 3.4–5.3). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 0 or 1 and localized disease were significantly associated with favorable survival outcomes. Collectively, we found that CUP patients had a poor prognosis after standard treatment, and those with localized disease who received local treatment and those with better PS treated with multiple lines of chemotherapy had better survival outcomes. Targeted therapies based on NGS results are expected to improve survival outcomes.
Thermal Field Analysis of Two Kinds of Suspended Moxibustion
Authors: Zhang Bo , Huang Shan , Zhang Hanrui , Tu Haiyan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Moxibustion has been widely used in Chinese medicine treatment and health care, it is necessary to study the mechanism and characteristics of moxibustion treatment. The warm effect of moxibustion is closely related to the therapeutic effect. Studying the distribution and change of thermal field is an effective way to understand the mechanism of moxibustion. Methods: The finite element analysis software COMSOL was used to establish the heat transfer model to simulate the whole moxibustion process. Two kinds of suspended moxibustion methods, including mild moxibustion and sparrow-pecking moxibustion, were used to perform moxibustion trial at Zusanli acupoint (ST36) of volunteers, with Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, and the thermal field on the skin surface was detected with an infrared thermometer. Results: Moxibustion method and moxibustion distance are the factors that affect the temperature change. The temperature rising speed of mild moxibustion was slower than that of sparrow-pecking moxibustion. When the moxibustion distance changes, the temperature changes obviously. If the moxibustion distance does not change, the body temperature will continue to rise slowly. If the distance increases, the body temperature will show a downward trend. On the contrary, it goes up. The thermal fields of mild moxibustion and sparrow-pecking moxibustion were distributed in concentric circles around Zusanli. After natural cooling, the temperature of subcutaneous tissue was higher than that of epidermis.Conclusion: The speed of skin temperature change is affected by the method of moxibustion. The temperature field characteristics formed on the skin surface and acupoint are affected by the moxibustion distance and the moxibustion duration. Moxibustion will produce warm heat stimulation to the subcutaneous tissue.
Nano-Materials Enhanced Protectants for Natural Stone Surfaces
Authors: Xie Zaixin , Duan Zhuoqi , Zhao Zhanqiang , Li Ruheng , Zhou Bao , Yang Dequan , Hu Yongmao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Natural stones undergo wet weathering, bowing and dissolution and suffer irrevocable degradation. Self-cleaning is an effective approach to stone protecting. Herein, nanomaterial enhanced protectants for Marble, Qingshi and Hedishi was developed. Inherent microscale cracks and holes exist on the polished natural stone surfaces. When modified by commercial protectant, 101S, the surfaces showed hydrophobic but not superhydrophobic. Superhydrophobicity was achieved through modification by 101S emulsions containing Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 nano-powder. Meanwhile, the cracks and holes were reserved. The principle of the protectants prepared in this work is permeation and consolidation on the stone surfaces as well as the inner surfaces of the cracks and holes. The reservation of the micro cracks and holes on the stone surfaces is important since the breathability of the stones is remained. The superhydrophobic surfaces showed good thermal stability below 250 ºC.