bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual-, household- and community-level determinants of infant mortality in Ethiopia
Authors: Kiross Girmay Tsegay , Chojenta Catherine , Barker Daniel , Loxton Deborah 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
People living in the same area share similar determinants of infant mortality, such as access to healthcare. The community’s prevailing norms and attitudes about health behaviours could also influence the health care decisions made by individuals. In diversified communities like Ethiopia, differences in child health outcomes might not be due to variation in individual and family characteristics alone, but also due to differences in the socioeconomic characteristics of the community where the child lives. While individual level characteristics have been examined to some extent, almost all studies into infant mortality conducted in Ethiopia have failed to consider the impact of community-level characteristics. Therefore, this study aims to identify individual and community level determinants of infant mortality in Ethiopia.

Method
Data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey in 2016 were used for this study. A total of 10641 live births were included in this analysis. A multi-level logistic regression analysis was used to examine both individual and community level determinants while accounting for the hierarchal structure of the data.

Results
Individual-level characteristics such as infant sex have a statistically significant association with infant mortality. The odds of infant death before one year was 50% higher for males than females (AOR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.25–2.20; p-value <0.001). At the community level, infants from pastoralist areas (Somali and Afar regions) were 1.4 more likely die compared with infants living in the Agrarian area such as Amhara, Tigray, and Oromia regions; AOR = 1.44; 95% CI; 1.02–2.06; p-value = 0.039).

Conclusion
Individual, household and community level characteristics have a statistically significant association with infant mortality. In addition to the individual based interventions already in place, household and community-based interventions such as focusing on socially and economically disadvantaged regions in Ethiopia could help to reduce infant mortality.
Early post-partum viremia predicts long-term non-suppression of viral load in HIV-positive women on ART in Malawi: Implications for the elimination of infant transmission
Authors: Landes Megan , van Lettow Monique , van Oosterhout Joep J. , Schouten Erik , Auld Andrew , Kalua Thokozani , Jahn Andreas , Tippett Barr Beth A. 
Published: March 2021

Background
Long-term viral load (VL) suppression among HIV-positive, reproductive-aged women on ART is key to eliminating mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) but few data exist from sub-Saharan Africa. We report trends in post-partum VL in Malawian women on ART and factors associated with detectable VL up to 24 months post-partum.

Methods
1–6 months post-partum mothers, screened HIV-positive at outpatient clinics in Malawi, were enrolled (2014–2016) with their infants. At enrollment, 12- and 24-months post-partum socio-demographic and PMTCT indicators were collected. Venous samples were collected for determination of maternal VL (limit of detection 40 copies/ml). Results were returned to clinics for routine management.

Results
596/1281 (46.5%) women were retained in the study to 24 months. Those retained were older (p<0.01), had higher parity (p = 0.03) and more likely to have undetectable VL at enrollment than those lost to follow-up (80.0% vs 70.2%, p<0.01). Of 590 women on ART (median 30.1 months; inter-quartile range 26.8–61.3), 442 (74.9%) with complete VL data at 3 visits were included in further analysis. Prevalence of detectable VL at 12 and 24 months was higher among women with detectable VL at enrollment than among those with undetectable VL (74 detectable VL results/66 women vs. 19/359; p<0.001). In multivariable analysis (adjusted for age, parity, education, partner disclosure, timing of ART start and self-reported adherence), detectable VL at 24 months was 9 times more likely among women with 1 prior detectable VL (aOR 9.0; 95%CI 3.5–23.0, p<0.001) and 226 times more likely for women with 2 prior detectable VLs (aOR 226.4; 95%CI 73.0–701.8, p<0.001).

Conclusions
Detectable virus early post-partum strongly increases risk of ongoing post-partum viremia. Due to high loss to follow-up, the true incidence of detectable VL over time is probably underestimated. These findings have implications for MTCT, as well as for the mothers, and call for intensified VL monitoring and targeted adherence support for women during pregnancy and post-partum.
Aplicação da modelagem matemática na construção da casa ecológica e suas perspectivas no ensino
Authors: Oliveira Ana Maria Libório , Marques Caio Vieira , Field's Karla Amâncio Pinto 
Published: March 2021

A investigação foi realizada em uma escola pública do Distrito Federal, localizada na Região Administrativa da Estrutural, no perÃ­odo de 2018 a 2019, para verificar as perspectivas da tendência de ensino Modelagem e uma reflexão da matemática interagindo com uma consciência ambiental. O artigo tem como objetivo divulgar os resultados da pesquisa do PIBIC sobre a Modelagem Matemática, a pesquisa foi promovida com incentivo do Programa de Iniciação CientÃ­fica (PIBIC) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de BrasÃ­lia â€“ Campus Estrutural e teve o objetivo em identificar a metodologia mais utilizada dos professores de matemática e como era realizada a abordagem da disciplina, assim como, realizar a confecção da maquete ecológica. A metodologia foi de revisões bibliográficas, questionários para os docentes, intervenção por meio da produção de uma maquete e estratégias de reforço para os alunos nos conteúdos de matemática, visando promover uma perspectiva diferente de como resolver as atividades propostas e introduzir os conceitos básicos de geometria, com a visão da aplicação de vários objetos com formas geométricas diferentes para a construção da maquete. Em relação Ã tendência de ensino da Modelagem Matemática, somente dois professores responderam e afirmaram que não conhecem esta metodologia, ao menos com esta denominação. Ademais, foi identificado que a maioria das aulas eram transmitidas da forma tradicional, que os professores não se sentiam confortáveis em realizar o uso de novas metodologias, de modo que os encontros e a produção da maquete colaboraram de forma efetiva para o aprendizado dos alunos e dos professore nos conteúdos dispostos de modo a relacionar com a reciclagem de materiais sustentáveis de modo a inovar atividades propostas em sala de aula.
Dauer Formation inC. elegansIs Modulated through AWC and ASI-Dependent Chemosensation
Authors: Pandey Pratima , Bhat Umer S. , Singh Anuradha , Joy Aiswarya , Birari Varun , Kadam Nagesh Y. , Babu Kavita 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe perception of our surrounding environment is an amalgamation of stimuli detected by sensory neurons. InCaenorhabditis elegans, olfaction is an essential behavior that determines various behavioral functions such as locomotion, feeding and development. Sensory olfactory cues also initiate downstream neuroendocrine signaling that controls aging, learning, development and reproduction. Innate sensory preferences toward odors (food, pathogens) and reproductive pheromones are modulated by 11 pairs of amphid chemosensory neurons in the head region ofC. elegans. Amongst these sensory neurons, the ASI neuron has neuroendocrine functions and secretes neuropeptides, insulin-like peptide (DAF-28) and the TGF-β protein, DAF-7. Its expression levels are modulated by the presence of food (increased levels) and population density (decreased levels). A recent study has shown that EXP-1, an excitatory GABA receptor regulates DAF-7/TGF-β levels and participates in DAF-7/TGF-β-mediated behaviors such as aggregation and bordering. Here, we show thatexp-1mutants show defective responses toward AWC-sensed attractive odors in a non-autonomous manner through ASI neurons. Our dauer experiments reveal that indaf-7mutants, ASI expressed EXP-1 and STR-2 (a G-protein-coupled receptor; GPCR) that partially maintained reproductive growth of animals. Further, studies suggest that neuronal connections between ASI and AWC neurons are allowed at least partially through ASI secreted DAF-7 or through alternate TGF- β pathway/s regulated by EXP-1 and STR-2. Together, our behavioral, genetic and imaging experiments propose that EXP-1 and STR-2 integrate food cues and allow the animals to display DAF-7/TGF-β neuroendocrine dependent or independent behavioral responses contributing to chemosensensory and developmental plasticity.
Publikum im Gegenwartstheater
Authors: Hochholdinger-Reiterer Beate , Boesch Géraldine 
Published: March 2021

Podiumsdiskussion mit Doris Kolesch (Freie Universität Berlin), Nicolette Kretz (AUAWIRLEBEN Theaterfestival Bern und Internationales Theaterfestival Bümpliz-Bethlehem out+about), Mathias Prinz (machina eX) und Dagmar Walser (Moderation)
Combined Effect of Hypertension and Alcohol Consumption on the Risk of Death (27‑Year Cohort Prospective Study)
Authors: Dolgalev I. V. , Ivanova A. Yu. , Obraztsov V. V. , Tsimbalyuk I. V. , Karpov R. S. 
Published: March 2021

Aim To study the effect of arterial hypertension (AH) in combination with frequent alcohol consumption on the formation of risk for cardiovascular death and all-cause death according to results of a 27-year prospective cohort study.Material and methods This 27‑year prospective cohort study of an unorganized population of the Tomsk city (1546 people aged 20–59 years, including 630 men and 916 women) investigated AH prevalence and alcohol consumption (1988–1991) and analyzed the predictive significance of the effect of AH in combination with frequent alcohol consumption on the formation of risk for all-cause and cardiovascular death. AH was diagnosed at blood pressure ≥140 / 90 mm Hg. Frequent alcohol users were defined as those who consumed alcohol more than once a week.Results The combination of AH and frequent alcohol consumption increased the risk of all-cause death 4.1 times compared to that for persons without these risk factors (p<0.001). This was true for all age groups of the total cohort (higher relative risk, RR, was observed for persons aged 20–39 years) and for men (except for the group aged 40–59 years). RR of cardiovascular death was 5.3 (p<0.001) for frequent alcohol users with AH. It was established that frequent alcohol consumption additionally increased RR of all-cause death for persons with AH (RR 1.89; p<0.05) primarily at the expense of persons aged 20-39 years. Prediction of 27‑year survival for frequent alcohol users with AH was 35.3 %.Conclusion A combination of AH with frequent alcohol consumption considerably increases the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death. Frequent alcohol consumption significantly impairs the prediction of 27-year survival for persons with AH by additionally (1.9 times) increasing the risk of all-cause death. Binary AH combinations with frequent alcohol consumption exert a more pronounced adverse effect on young men and women.
Who uses home as informal learning spaces: A Bangkok private university case study
Authors: Vanichvatana Sonthya 
Published: March 2021

Home is one type of off-campus informal learning spaces (ILS). It is important to understand the behaviours of students who use home as ILS. Such information will enlighten universities to provide/improve proper on-campus ILS and/or other academic supports. This research used a quantitative approach through an online questionnaire survey during February 2019. This study used business students at a Bangkok private university as a case study. The descriptive analysis was done according to studentsâ€™ cumulative grade point average (CGPA) and undergraduate levels. The results revealed how and why students, especially those with different levels of CGPA, chose to study at home. This study also suggests how higher education institution (HEI) can support ILS to students who do not study at home. Students with different CGPA levels should be supported by HEI differently.
Keywords: Cumulative grade point average, higher education institution, home, informal learning spaces, learning spaces.
Meta-subject methodology approach in the training of future primary school teachers
Authors: Zhumabayeva Zhazira , Uaisova Gulnar , Hasanovа Inkar , Jetpisbayeva Sarsengul 
Published: March 2021

The urgent task of higher education is to comprehensively prepare future teachers for the implementation of state educational standards (SESs) for primary general, basic general and secondary full education, as well as mastering the requirements of the professional standard ‘teacher’. The key requirements of the SES RK include the formation of subject, meta-subject and personal results of students. The concept of ‘meta-subject learning outcomes’ acts as an undoubted innovation of SES RK, which is still not highlighted enough in the scientific and educational literature. In this regard, the need arises for purposeful general professional and subject-methodological preparation of the future teacher for work on the formation and development of meta-subject results for students, mastering the basic educational programmes of general education. The topic of this article is related to the pressing issues of the meta-subject content of education at a pedagogical university. Particular attention is paid to the theoretical justification of meta-subject matter in scientific research. On the example of the author’s programme of the new variable discipline ‘Meta-subject approach in primary education’, intended for students of the pedagogical direction of training, the basic conditions for the implementation of the meta-subject approach in network interaction with educational institutions are considered.

Keywords: Meta-discipline, meta-disciplinary approach, meta-disciplinary outcomes, meta-disciplinary skills, educational programme.
Research and trends in computer science and educational technology during 2016–2020: Results of a content analysis
Authors: Nurzhanov C. , Pidlisnyuk V. , Naizabayeva L. , Satymbekov M. 
Published: March 2021

The general purpose of this study is to conduct a content study on ‘computer’ and ‘educational technologies’ research and trends between 2016 and 2020. The topics were evaluated according to years, universities of the authors, citations, keywords, document type, source, sponsors and publication languages. The articles examined in the research include keywords related to ‘computer’ and ‘instructional technologies’ between 2016 and 2020; 1,798 articles obtained by scanning the Scopus database according to the title, keywords and summary of the articles were examined. When the results of the study were examined, it was concluded that English, which is the universal language, is very common; the researches are mostly published as ‘conference papers’ and the most used keyword in the study is ‘Computer Science’. In addition, it has been concluded that computer science is the basis of educational technologies in recent years. Similar content analysis studies may be recommended for other software used in computer training.

Keywords: Computer, educational technology, computer science, content analysis, trends.
The Integration of Local Content on Action Materials-Economic Principles Related to Human Needs
Authors: Rahmah Rahmah , Hasanah Mahmudah , Mutiani Mutiani 
Published: March 2021

Integrasi muatan lokal dalam pembelajaran membantu peserta didik untuk memahami contoh-contoh pembelajaran secara kontekstual. Perihal ini juga direspon oleh mata pelajaran IPS, dimana pembelajaran kontekstual dapat membantu peserta didik untuk menguatkan, memperluas, dan menerapkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dimilikinya dalam penyelesaian masalah yang ada di lingkungannya. Materi tindakan, motif dan prinsip ekonomi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan yang disajikan dalam buku teks sudah memenuhi standar isi namun, masih minim akan muatan lokal. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengembangan materi dengan memasukkan muatan lokal. Telaah literatur dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan sumber dari jurnal, buku ataupun ebook dan tugas akhir yang sesuai dengan masalah yang dimuat. Penelusuran data dilakukan dengan menggunakan google scholar dan pdfdrive dengan menggunakan kata kunci. Hasil analisis dilakukan dengan menarik kesimpulan dari data yang diperoleh serta memberikan pemhaman dan penjelasan secukupnya. Hasil penulisan artikel pada materi tindakan, motif dan prinsip ekonomi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup memiliki cakupan materi yang cukup dan kurang mendalam serta masih minim akan muatan lokal, sehingga perlu adanya penambahan materi oleh guru dengan menggunakan buku referensi atau literatur lain yang berkaitan dengan materi agar dapat menambah wawasan pengetahuan peserta didik. Melalui pendekatan kontekstual dapat membantu peserta didik dalam memahami materi secara langsung karena dihadapkan dengan permasalahan disekitar peserta didik.
Adaptation of Riverbanks Community to Urban Green Open Space Development
Authors: Handy Muhammad Rezky Noor , Mutiani Mutiani , Putra Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Putro Herry Porda Nugroho 
Published: March 2021

Perkembangan zaman mengakibatkan perubahan pada tempat tinggal dengan alih fungsi lahan ruang terbuka hijau perkotaan ini sehingga kehidupan sehari-hari manusia juga harus beradaptasi terhadap perubahan tersebut. Wilayah perkotaan yang sangat padat membawa pengaruh keburukan terutama pada bantaran sungai yang rusak karena tingkah laku masyarakatnya dalam studi ini pada bantaran Sungai Bilu, sungai Martapura Kota Banjarmasin yang berubah menjadi Kampung Wisata yaitu Kampung Hijau. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, Adapun tahapan analisis data; 1) reduksi data yang tidak sesuai dengan fokus penelitian, 2) penyajian data dalam bentuk narasi deskriptif, dan 3) penarikan kesimpulan berdasarkan temuan penelitian sehingga menggambarkan hasil penelitian secara sistematis. Adaptasi dari perubahan lingkungan bantaran sungai Martapura sendiri dari alih fungsinya menjadi destinasi wisata dan ruang terbuka hijau perkotaan sehingga mereka tidak bisa lagi membuang sampah sembarangan ke sungai, dengan adanya pelatihan dan penyuluhan yang dilakukan kepada warga bantaran sungai untuk adaptasi juga mengembangkan softskill dan kepekaan warga terhadap fungsi ruang terbuka hijau di masyarakat.
PENERAPAN MODEL TGT (TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SOSIOLOGI KELAS X
Authors: Dewi Rr. Rinta Laksmi 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini berfokus pada penerapan Model TGT dalam pembelajaran sosiologi . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Sosiologi melalui Model TGT (Teams Games Tournament) pada Siswa Kelas X IPS 2 SMA Negeri 4 Banjarmasin Semester Genap Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016.Penelitian ini berjenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri atas 2 siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi dengan 2 kali pertemuan dalam setiap siklusnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskripsi. Populasinya adalah siswa kelas X IPS 2 SMA Negeri 4 Banjarmasin.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penerapan Model TGT (Teams Games Tournament) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran Sosiologi. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil observasi yang menunjukkan tingkat kemajuan siswa dari pertemuan pertama dengan persentase 65,48% sampai pertemuan keempat dengan persentase 85,42%. Penelitian ini juga dapat meningkatkan keefektifan guru dalam melaksanakan proses pembelajaran Sosiologi. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil hasil observasi guru yang mengalami peningkatan dari pertemuan pertama yaitu 70,45% sampai pertemuan keempat yaitu 85,58%.Sehingga Model TGT (Teams Games Tournament) dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam proses belajar mengajar karena dapat memberikan variasi dalam pembelajaran Sosiologi yang lebih melibatkan siswa untuk aktif dan termotivasi dalam pembelajaran sehingga aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa meningkat. Namun, juga Penggunaan Model TGT (Teams Games Tournament) dalam pembelajaran Sosiologi hendaknya disesuaikan dengan materi dan topik pembelajaran yang akan diajarkan.
MODEL TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENTS (TGT) DALAM MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI BELAJAR IPS SISWA MTS AHMAD YANI JABUNG KAB MALANG
Authors: Fauziyah Nailul , Nulinnaja Ratna , Al Aziizah Hafsoh 
Published: March 2021

Kurangnya partisipasi belajar siswa saat peroses pembelajaran IPS pada siswa-siswi kelas VII di MTS Ahmad Yani Jabung Kabupaten Malang. Adanya problematika tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) karena model ini dianggap tepat dalam meningkatkan partisipasi belajar siswa-siswi kelas VII pada pembelajaran IPS yang dapat membantu dalam membangun karakter sosial siswa seperti berpikir kritis, kecakapan berkomunikasi, berkolaborasi serta mendorong minat belajar dan partisipasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan di MTS Ahmad Yani Jabung Kabupaten Malang dalam 3 siklus. Setiap siklus dilaksanakan selama 2 kali pertemuan, subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi kelas VII A sebanyak 27 orang siswa. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis implementasi model Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) untuk pembelajaran IPS. (2) Mengetahui bagaimana partisipasi belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) dapat meningkatkan partisipasi belajar siswa di MTs Ahmad Yani Jabung Kabupaten Malang.