bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of additional treatments in relation to the number of root filled canals in molar teeth in the Swedish adult population
Authors: Markvart M. , Tibbelin N. , Pigg M. ,   EndoReCo, Fransson H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the 5‐year frequency of additional treatments in relation to the number of reported root filled canals in molar teeth in Sweden.MethodologyThe cohort included first and second molars in adult individuals who were registered with a root filling performed in 2009. Treatment codes corresponding to root fillings of teeth with from one up to four root filled canals were identified in the Swedish Social Insurance Agency database. The studied additional treatments were extraction, non‐surgical root canal retreatment and endodontic surgery during the subsequent 5 years, identified by corresponding codes for these treatments registered on these specific teeth. Differences in the frequency of additional treatments based on the number of root filled canals were analysed using chi‐square test and considered statistically significant at P < 0.05.ResultsIn 2009, root fillings on a first or second molar tooth were registered in 100 720 individuals. The study included 32 901 maxillary first molars (6.4% with four root filled canals), 12 763 maxillary second molars (3.3% with four root filled canals), 37 703 mandibular first molars (19.2% with four root filled canals) and 17 353 mandibular second molars (3.7% with four root filled canals). The total frequency of additional treatments was 14.3% (n = 14 425) during the 5‐year observational period. Additional treatments were more frequent in teeth with 1–3 root filled canals compared to teeth with four root filled canals for maxillary first molars (15.2% vs. 12.7%, P = 0.002), maxillary second molars (13.8% vs. 9.1%, P = 0.007) and mandibular first molars (14.0% vs. 10.7%, P < 0.001) but not mandibular second molars (15.6% vs. 13.7%, P = 0.200).ConclusionsOver 5 years, 85.7% of the included teeth were not registered with any additional treatments. Maxillary first and second molars and mandibular first molar teeth had a greater frequency of additional treatments when ≤3 root canals were filled compared to four canals.
Does cognitive behavioral therapy using a self‐check sheet improve night‐time frequency in patients with nocturia? Results of a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kyoda Yuki , Okada Manabu , Kato Ryuichi , Matsuki Masahiro , Ito Naoki , Takahashi Atsushi , Tanuma Yasushi , Tachiki Hitoshi , Fukuta Fumimasa , Hashimoto Kohei , Kobayashi Ko , Tanaka Toshiaki , Masumori Naoya 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveTo determine whether cognitive behavioral therapy using a self‐check sheet is effective in improving night‐time frequency of patients with nocturia.MethodsWe carried out a multicenter, open‐labeled, randomized controlled trial in eight institutions. Patients having two or more episodes of nocturia were randomly assigned to either cognitive behavioral therapy with completion of frequency volume charts regularly (cognitive behavioral therapy group) or frequency volume charts regularly alone (frequency volume charts group). The cognitive behavioral therapy checklist was composed of eight items: wake up time/bedtime, mealtime, napping, alcohol/caffeine intake, water intake, salt intake, exercise and taking a bath. A physician explained cognitive behavioral therapy within 5 min using a brief manual. The patients in the cognitive behavioral therapy group filled out the self‐check sheet every day. The primary end‐point was the difference in night‐time frequency based on the International Prostate Symptom Score Q7 at 4 weeks.ResultsOf the 100 first‐visit patients randomly allocated, 37 in the cognitive behavioral therapy group and 41 in the frequency volume charts group completed the protocol. No difference was observed in the mean ± standard deviation of night‐time frequency at 4 weeks between the cognitive behavioral therapy group (2.6 ± 1.0) and the frequency volume charts group (3.1 ± 1.2; P = 0.056). However, when six patients with achievement of cognitive behavioral therapy of <50% were excluded from the analysis, night‐time frequency at 4 weeks was significantly lower in the cognitive behavioral therapy group (2.5 ± 1.0) than in the frequency volume charts group (3.1 ± 1.2; P = 0.027).ConclusionsThe efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy using a self‐check sheet for nocturia remains to be shown. However, strictly practicing cognitive behavioral therapy might be beneficial to these patients.
Effect of axial length on peripapillary microvasculature: an optical coherence tomography angiography study
Authors: Bin Lim Hyung , Hyuk Lee Woo , Kim Minsu , Kim Kyeungmin , Yeul Kim Jung 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effects of axial length (AL) on the peripapillary microvascular density acquired from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsA total of 111 eyes from 111 normal healthy subjects were examined. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the AL: Group 1 (AL: <24.0 mm; 35 eyes), Group 2 (AL: 24.0–25.99 mm; 37 eyes), and Group 3 (AL: ≥26 mm; 39 eyes). Peripapillary OCTA images were acquired using 6 × 6 mm angiography scans, and vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) of the superficial capillary plexus were calculated automatically. Vessel density (VD) and PD were compared among the three groups according to the distance from the optic disc (inner and outer rings). Linear regression analyses were also performed to identify clinical factors associated with average VD.ResultsThe average ALs of Groups 1–3 were 23.33 ± 0.57, 25.05 ± 0.60, and 27.42 ± 0.82, respectively. Average VD (p = 0.009) and PD (p = 0.029) in the inner ring increased with increasing AL. However, average VD (p < 0.001) and PD (p < 0.001) in the outer ring decreased with AL increased; the same trends were found for the full areas (VD, p < 0.001; PD, p = 0.001). Average VDs in the inner and outer rings were not associated (p = 0.938).ConclusionsPeripapillary VD and PD were significantly associated with AL. Depending on the distance from the disc, peripapillary VDs and PDs of the inner and outer rings were differentially affected by AL. Physicians should, therefore, consider the effects of AL in the analyses of peripapillary microvasculature.
Evaluation of a new digital visual acuity chart for best‐corrected visual acuity estimation
Authors: Yu Zhaohua , Söderberg Per 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTo compare estimated best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between the digital chart named AxAnIvIs and the ETDRS chart at different level of acuity, and to determine if there is difference of the test time between the two systems.MethodsPatients at the eye clinic of Uppsala university hospital that met the inclusion criteria (age >55 years, BCVA [1.0; −0.1] and no ocular disease strongly considered to cause visual acuity change within one month) were asked to participate this study. The AxAnIvIs system uses a custom made algorithm for optotypes visualisation where optotypes decrease in size horizontally in one line. Altogether 16 subjects (8 male, 8 female) were included and distributed equally to four visual acuity classes ([1.0 0.8], [0.7 0.5], [0.4 0.2], [0.1 −0.1] logMAR). Each subject’s BCVA was measured and the test time was recorded with the two systems on two separate occasions.ResultsThe mean BCVA difference between the AxAnIvIs system and the ETDRS chart at visual acuity class of [1.0 0.8], [0.7 0.5], [0.4 0.2], [0.1 −0.1] logMAR was estimated as a CI(95%), 0.02 ± 0.04, 0.02 ± 0.08, ‐0.01 ± 0.05, 0.03 ± 0.07 logMAR, respectively. ANOVA shows that there is no significant difference between the two systems and no significant difference between the two systems at the different visual acuity classes. The mean test time between the AxAnIvIs system and the ETDRS chart was estimated as a CI(95%), −37 ± 15 s.ConclusionsThe AxAnIvIs system can be used as a replacement of the ETDRS chart for general examination. The test time with the AxAnIvIs system is half minute shorter than that with the ETDRS chart.
Tolerance to light of patients suffering from infectious keratitis
Authors: Courrier Emilie , Lambert Victor , Renault Didier , Garcin Thibaud , Caroline Trone Marie , Herbepin Pascal , Moine Baptiste , Thuret Gilles , Gain Philippe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeWith very photophobic patients, the advantages of red or near infrared (NIR) light to develop new ophthalmology imaging devices seem obvious: no or little glare, possibility of long signal integration, no phototoxicity, and lesser autofluorescence of ocular tissues. Nevertheless, in this range, the shortest possible wavelength facilitates signal detection.AimTo determine the maximal irradiance tolerated with 6 wavelengths: 2 red, 2 far red and 1 NIR lights in order to determine the shortest wavelength well tolerated by patients, in comparison with the standard cobalt blue light of ophthalmology slit lamp.MethodsStudy design: interventional, monocentric, single group assignment study on 30 eyes of 30 patients with infectious keratitis after informed consent. Thanks to a customized machine from our laboratory, the photophobic eye was exposed to the 6 lights with increasing intensity. The patients switched off the light when the discomfort was too elevated. The maximal cumulative irradiance possible at 482, 650, 675, 700, 750 and 800 nm were respectively 171, 689, 759, 862, 920 and 889 mW/cm2.ResultsThe maximal cumulative irradiance tolerated increased significantly with wavelength (p < 0.001). However, the difference was not significant between each increment. Thus, red at 675 nm gave a significantly higher cumulative irradiance than blue at 482 nm. Red at 700 nm did not provide significant gain; however, far red at 750 nm still provided additional gain, but not at 800 nm. The shortest wavelengths were stopped more quickly and more than 50% of patients reached the maximum irradiance delivered by the source at 750 and 800 nm.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that a light source at 750 and 800 nm can be used for ophthalmic imaging with good tolerance in the photophobic patient.
Dural carotid cavernous sinus fistula: outcome after endovascular treatment or conservative management
Authors: José Patrícia , Teixeira Filipa , Raposo Francisco , Biscoito Luísa , Claúdia Fonseca Ana , Simões Silva Filipe 
Published: January 2021

PurposeTo analyze the efficacy of endovascular treatment and conservative management in patients with dural arteriovenous sinus fistula.MethodsRetrospective and observational study, including patients with dural carotid cavernous fistula followed at Ophthalmology and Neuroradiology departments of Hospital Santa Maria – Lisbon between 1991 and 2019. Patient demographics, risk factors, symptoms, etiology, angiographic findings and clinic outcome were studied.ResultsNineteen patients were included. 53% were female and mean age at diagnosis was 64 years (range from 10 to 78). Atherosclerosis risk factors were identified: hypertension (79%), diabetes (21%) and hyperlipidemia (21%). Ocular symptoms were the only presentation of the disease, with proptosis and hyperemia being the main clinical signs. Bilateral fistula was found in 16%. Spontaneous fistula occurred in 81% and trauma history was identified in 19%. %. According to Barrow angiographic classification, 11% were grade B, 21% C and 58% D. Endovascular treatment by transvenous/transarterial embolization was performed in 79% (n = 15), 73% with complete exclusion in a mean of 8.6 ± 17.4 months. The mean follow‐up was 4.0 ± 3.1 years after procedures. Conservative management was performed in 21% (n = 4) and the last follow‐up was 3.5 ± 5.0 years. In both groups, most patients (65–75%) showed symptoms and ophthalmologic examination improvement. After endovascular treatment, visual acuity was maintained (0.7 ± 0.4), and there was intraocular pressure reduction (25.1 ± 6.5 to 15.0 ± 2.3 mmHg). In patients with conservative management, there was no change in visual acuity (0.4 ± 0.5) and intraocular pressure decreased with medication (29.3 ± 9.5 to 19.3 ± 9.2 mmHg). Secondary ocular hypertension (25%) was a long‐term complication of carotid cavernous sinus fistulas.ConclusionsOcular symptoms are the most frequent presentation of dural carotid cavernous fistula, with ocular hypertension as the commonest complication. In less symptomatic patients, the risks and benefits of endovascular treatment should be considered, as conservative treatment may be an option.
Ex vivo models of human ocular surface regeneration indicate that conjunctiva possess the capacity of restoring corneal epithelium
Authors: Perrache Chantal , Poinard Sylvain , Gain Philippe , Thuret Gilles , He Zhiguo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeWe recently showed that corneas stored in the corneal bioreactor (BR) that restores IOP and storage medium renewal had increased endothelial viability and enzymatic pump expression, less stromal edema and posterior folds and more stratified and differentiated epithelium than paired corneas stored passively in the same medium.AimTo use this model to analyze the respective contribution of corneal(C), limbal(L) and conjunctival(Conj) epithelium in regeneration of corneal epithelium.MethodsFive pairs of fresh human corneas (body donation to Sciences, death to retrieval time <20 hr) were used. During retrieval, a rim of conjunctiva was left intact. Five models were then built by totally mechanically removing 1, 2 or 3 epithelial population(s): C‐L+Conj+, C‐L‐Conj+, C‐L+Conj‐, C+L‐Conj‐, C‐L‐Conj‐ (control). Corneas were then stored for 1 month in the BR (21 mmHg, 2.5 µl/min of CorneaMax, Eurobio) to allow epithelial regrowth. The epithelia were then examined by immunostaining of flat mounted whole cornea using cytokeratine CK12 (corneal epithelium), CK15 (limbal epithelium) and Hoechst (all cells nuclei). Transparency was assessed by a contrast transmission analyzer.ResultsNo epithelium regenerated in the controls. In the 4 other models, the cornea was covered by a multilayered corneal epithelium, even in the C‐L‐Conj+, characterized by expression of K3/K12 and a transparent tissue.ConclusionsThe 3 ocular surface epithelia (comprising the conjunctival one) contain stem‐cells or progenitors able to migrate onto the whole cornea and regenerate corneal epithelium independently of each other. In this ex vivo model of corneas deprived of blood supply and innervation, the neovascularization cannot develop. This suggests that the corneal conjunctivalization characteristic of limbal stem cell deficiency is not due to the absence of a progenitor capable of transdifferentiating into corneal epithelium but mainly to the absence of an anti‐angiogenic barrier.
Preclinical study in a corneal bioreactor of the effectiveness of amniotic membrane of umbilical cord extract (AMUCE) for the treatment of corneal deep stromal ulcerations
Authors: Crouzet Emmanuel , Peyret Benjamin , Caroline Trone Marie , Poinard Sylvain , Garcin Thibaud , Dumollard Jean‐Marc , Barnouin Laurence , Gain Philippe , Thuret Gilles 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeOur patented corneal bioreactor (BR) improves the long‐term survival of human corneas ex vivo by restoring intraocular pressure and renewal of storage medium.AimTo use the BR to test the efficacy of eye drops containing devitalized ground amniotic membrane of umbilical cord extract (AMUCE) to treat deep stromal ulcerations. AMUCE contains high level of proteoglycans, collagen and physiological growth factors.MethodsOnly pairs of human corneas (with ECD > 800 cells/mm2) were used to obtain best possible controls. They were first stored for 2 weeks into the BR filled with CorneaMax (Eurobio, France), with 21 mmHg in the endothelial chamber to allow regeneration of a normal epithelium. Then, an 8.0 mm diameter calibrated epithelial ulcer was made with a spatula and a 6 mm diameter × 100 µm in depth was made with Excimer laser in the stroma. Using a specific BR lid allowing sterile handling, each cornea was treated topically 4 times daily either by the AMUCE eye drops (TBF, France) or by the vehicle (0.9% NaCl). Closure of the ulceration was monitored daily using fluorescein staining quantified by image analysis (FIJI) of macro‐zoom microscopy. After wound healing corneas were fixed for histology (HES) and immunolabeling of epithelial markers.ResultsThree pairs were used. Epithelium wound healing was obtained at D3, D9, D10 with AMUCE and D3, D9, D19 with the vehicle. Histology performed in ulcerations centre showed 3‐6 epithelial layers with AMUCE and 1‐4 with the vehicle. At D21, significant epithelial detachment was observed only for 2 corneas treated with the vehicle. For one pair, immunolabelling for E‐cadherin and Cytokeratin K3/K12 showed better epithelial differentiation with AMUCE than with vehicle. No evidence of stromal regeneration was observed in the 6 corneas.ConclusionsAMUCE has potential for a faster and lasting epithelium regeneration (stratification and maturation). Nevertheless, it has no impact on stromal regeneration in this model.
Ultra‐high frequency 70 Mhz ultrasound and IVCM are useful for diagnostic and therapeutic management of atypical Terrien's marginal degeneration
Authors: Caroline Trone Marie , Lise Lanfant , Emera Chhuy , Fabien Forest , Cyril Habougit , Jean‐Luc Perrot , Gilles Thuret , Philippe Gain 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTerrien's marginal degeneration is a rare corneal disease usually characterized by an «insidious thinning of the cornea near the limbus» (Pouliquen Y et al. 1989). Its diagnosis remains essentially clinical.AimTo present the help of innovating imaging in an atypical cystic presentation of Terrien's marginal degeneration.MethodsAn 87‐year‐old caucasian patient presented since several month a voluminous cystic lesion of the limbus, bulky, neo‐vascularized, in the inferior part of the eye, that compromised the palpebral closure. No traumatic or surgical history was found. Slit‐lamp examination of the contralateral eye also revealed a degenerative area with corneal thinning. In order to determine the etiology of this lesion, 70 Mhz ultrasound (VevoMD high‐frequency ultrasound system, Fujifilm, Toronto, Canada), anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT, Casia 1, Tokyo, Japan) and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVMC, Vivascope 3000, LUCID, NY, USA) were performed. Surgical removal of the lesion consisted of en bloc removal of the cystic lesion followed by limbal conjunctiva and amniotic membrane graft for analgesic purposes and to accelerate wound healing. Histology and direct immunofluorescence were performed.Results70 Mhz ultrasonography and OCT revealed a single non‐segmented cyst, without scleral fistula or corneal thinning. IVMC showed a single well delineated cyst with clearly visible distinct partitions with no image in favour of malignancy. No signs of malignancy or ocular pemphigoid were founded by histology. We, therefore, concluded to an atypical presentation of Terrien's marginal degeneration.ConclusionsThe combination of sophisticated imaging like ultra‐high frequency 70 Mhz ultrasound, AS‐OCT and IVCM are necessary for diagnostic and therapeutic management of atypical cornea lesions.
Study of TGFβ‐induced modifications in central and peripheral endothelium of normal corneas
Authors: Aouimeur Inès , Naoki Okumura , Koizumi Noriko , Gain Philippe , Thuret Gilles , He Zhiguo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTGF‐βs trigger ENdothelial‐Mesenchymal Transition (EnMT) in corneal endothelial cells (ECs) in animal models of endothelial wound healing. All the 3 isoforms of TGF‐β were detected in human aqueous humor and their receptors were detected in ECs. More and more evidence indicated that central and peripheral ECs have a different status.AimTo compare the effects of the 3 isoforms of TGF‐β1, 2 and 3 on ex vivo corneal endothelium and to compare their effects on central and peripheral endothelium.Methods10 pairs of fresh human corneas (body donation to Sciences) were incubated in a serum free medium for 2 weeks at 31°C. One cornea of each pair was incubated with 10 ng/mL of TGF β1 or 2 or 3, the paired cornea without TGF‐β or with another isoform of TGF‐β (n = 2 for each comparison). Immunolabelling using markers of ECs (ZO‐1, CD166, COX IV and N‐cadherin) and of mesenchymal cells (MCs) (CD44, Collagen 1 and fibronectin) was performed of flat‐mounted corneas. Staining was observed with confocal microscopy to map the regional expression of each marker.ResultsIn the controls, MC markers were expressed only by ECs located at the extreme periphery and by trabecular cells. The 3 isoforms of TGF‐β induced the loss of EC markers and the increase of MC markers in central and peripheral endothelium. The effects of TGF‐β1 and 2 were higher than that of TGF‐β3. TGF‐β‐induced alterations were more pronounced in central than in peripheral endothelium.ConclusionsNormal ECs at the extreme periphery and trabecular cells share characteristics of MCs. These ECs could then derive from trabecular cells. TGF‐β (10 ng/ml) induces EnMT in the center of the endothelium of normal corneas. Physiological concentration of TGF‐β might contribute to maintain peripheral ECs in an undifferentiated state able to slowly proliferate and contribute to endothelial homeostasis.
Retinal microglial activation in a SOD1 mouse model of ALS
Authors: Pilar Rojas Lozano María , Cadena Santoyo Manuel , Fernández‐Albarral José A. , López‐Cuenca Inés , Salobrar‐Garcia Elena , De Hoz Rosa , José Salazar Corral Juan , Luis Urcelay Segura José , Santos‐García Irene , De Lago Eva , Manuel Ramirez Jose , Isabel Ramirez Ana 
Published: January 2021

PurposeTo determine the differences in retinal microglial behaviour in a SOD1G93A mouse model (SOD) of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compared to the wild type (WT).MethodsIn retinal whole‐mounts labelled with anti‐Iba‐1 (microglial marker) from two experimental groups WT (n = 6) and SOD ALS (n = 6), signs of microglial activation were quantified in different retinal layers: (i) Iba‐1 + cells number in outer segments (OS), outer plexiform layer (OPL) and inner complex layer (ICL) constituted by inner plexiform layer (IPL), ganglion cell layer (GCL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL); (ii) cell area of Iba‐1+ cells in OPL and IPL; (iii) arbor area of Iba‐1+ cells in OPL and IPL. Animals were sacrificed with 120 days old.ResultsCompared to WT, the retina of SOD1 ALS mice showed: (i) Migrations and reorientation processes of some Iba‐1 + cells; (ii) A significant increase in the Iba‐1 + cell area in OPL (in inferior, nasal, temporal regions and total number) and in the total number in IPL; (iii) A significant increase in the arbor area in the inferior OPL region; (iv) No significant changes were observed in the number of Iba‐1 + cells in OS, OPL and ICL.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate a non‐proliferative microgliosis in SOD1‐ALS mice retinas. The microglial activation was higher in OPL, which could be related to an increased inflammatory process in this retinal layer. Although ALS is a motor neuron disease, it can also affect the retinal tissue where an inflammatory process takes place.