bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are pre‐service teachers disinclined to utilise embodied humanoid social robots in the classroom?
Authors: Istenic Andreja , Bratko Ivan , Rosanda Violeta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTeachers' readiness for technology integration depends also on their beliefs about the contribution of technology to teaching and learning, which influence their motivation for its adoption. Initial pre‐service teacher education is critical in reducing the attitude‐behaviour divide supporting technology acceptability, acceptance and use. Acceptance of interaction between human and robot is more complicated than human‐computer interaction acceptance. Social robots are radical innovations, harder for potential users to accept in human social spaces than are incremental innovations. In 2019, a survey using a convenience sample of 121 first‐year students was conducted to examine pre‐service teachers' beliefs about social robot educational technology. It examined the following factors derived from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology adopted for social robots in education: Perceived social dimension, Intention to use, Perceived usability, Anxiety. Based on our findings, it seems there is a critical disjunction between researchers' efforts to equip social robots with human manners and social intelligence and participants' rejection of this technology precisely because it mimics being human. Further, we report that ICT familiarity as assessed using PISA's Information Communication Technology—ICT familiarity factors is related to robot acceptability. These findings need further examination to inform educational robotics design and Human‐Robot Interaction research and teacher education and training.
Practitioners notesWhat is already known about this topic

In the age of robotic technology, teachers face requirements to prepare students for work and life with social robots.
Social robots are tested for classroom integration.
Teachers' readiness to implement robot lessons depends on their beliefs about social robotic technology's contribution to teaching.
Research and development in the field of social robotics still tend to focus more frequently on technology applications rather than pedagogical issues and advancing teaching and learning.
What this paper adds

Participants refuse to accept the idea of social robot‐based instruction.
The identified belief pattern is based mainly on the perceived social dimension, intention to use, perceived usability and anxiety.
Participants critically perceive the robot's social dimension.
Some of PISA's ICT familiarity factors are related to robots acceptability factors.
Implication for policy and/or practice

The policy and practice need to address how social robots could be integrated into current teaching and learning practices and more importantly how could robotic technology facilitate innovative pedagogical models for effective and efficient learning.
The introduction of social robots should follow instructional design requirements and not merely technological advancement.
Teacher initial education has to provide social robotic learning environments for pre‐service teachers to experiment and design.
“I have to start learning how to live with becoming sick”: A scoping review of the lived experiences of people with Huntington's disease
Authors: Mahmood Saadia , Law Susan , Bombard Yvonne 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPerson‐centered care (PCC) is recognized as a key component of the delivery of quality healthcare and a model for healthcare systems worldwide. The experience of illness through a person's perspective is one domain defining PCC contributing to a growing interest in examining the lived experiences of illness. This scoping review sought to examine what is known from the existing literature about the lived experiences of persons gene‐positive for or living with Huntington's disease (HD) as described in their own voices and to outline prominent psychosocial themes of those experiences. Five databases were systematically searched and analyzed resulting in 19 publications for inclusion. Using a thematic analysis, five prominent psychosocial themes were identified: grappling with control, avoidance as an escape from realities, adaptation to new realities, managing emotions, and appreciation for life. Variation in themes existed across HD life stage of being undiagnosed or diagnosed with HD. The findings of this review demonstrate that individuals who are gene‐positive for or living with HD require support well beyond the disclosure of genetic testing and that it may be beneficial for healthcare providers to consider where along the life stage trajectory a person affected by HD may be to ensure the delivery of quality PCC.
The Effects of Migration on Peasant Agricultural Systems: Oaxacan Villages, Between Remittances and Market Integration
Authors: Vaccaro Ismael , Ortiz Díaz Edith 
Published: July 2021

AbstractContemporary indigenous Zapotec rural villages of the northern sierra region of Oaxaca state exhibit profound transformations in their agricultural strategies. Since the mid‐twentieth century, its agricultural lands have suffered a gradual process of abandonment. As a consequence, forest transition is occurring around the villages, and the cultivar portfolio seems to be dominated by cash crops. This article examines these landscape transformations through a multicausal explanatory framework: these mountains have experienced intense outbound migratory processes since the 1980s; the communities have cash available to buy certain labor‐intensive crops as a result of the remittances sent back by the migrants; and the area has been recently integrated to road‐connected regional markets thanks to an intense development of its infrastructures. This article discusses some the changes experienced by the landscape of the village of Santiago Zoochila (Oaxaca), as a result of the interaction demographic and economic factors (migration, availability of remittances, and market integration).
Fenfluramine for seizures associated with Sunflower syndrome
Authors: Geenen Kennedy R , Doshi Samarth P , Patel Sandip , Sourbron Jo , Falk Amy , Morgan Amy , Vu Uyen , Bruno Patricia L , Thiele Elizabeth A 
Published: July 2021

AimTo determine the efficacy of fenfluramine on seizure frequency in patients with Sunflower syndrome. Secondary endpoints were changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics, cognitive functioning, executive functioning, and quality of life.MethodIn this open‐label study, patients underwent a 4‐week baseline period, followed by 3 months of treatment. An oral solution of fenfluramine was administered twice daily for 3 months. The dose was titrated up to a maximum dose of 0.7mg/kg/day or 26mg/day. Cardiac safety was monitored by transthoracic echocardiogram and electrocardiogram. EEGs, abbreviated neuropsychological testing, and questionnaires were administered before starting the study medication and again at the end of the treatment period.ResultsTen patients (eight females, two males; mean age 13y 4mo [SD 4y 11mo], range 7–24y) were enrolled in the study. Nine of the 10 patients completed the core study, eight of whom met the primary endpoint. There were no observations of cardiac valvulopathy or pulmonary hypertension during the study.InterpretationTreatment with low‐dose fenfluramine resulted in a clinically significant reduction in seizure frequency, including hand‐waving episodes. Fenfluramine may be an effective treatment option for patients with Sunflower syndrome.What this paper addsNine patients with Sunflower syndrome were treated with fenfluramine.Eight patients were responders, displaying a ≥30% reduction in seizure activity.Six patients experienced a ≥70% reduction in hand‐waving episodes.Improvements on electroencephalogram were observed after treatment with fenfluramine.None of the patients developed evidence of cardiac valvulopathy or pulmonary hypertension.
Global trends in phenotypic plasticity of plants
Authors: Stotz Gisela C. , Salgado‐Luarte Cristian , Escobedo Víctor M. , Valladares Fernando , Gianoli Ernesto 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPredicting plastic responses is crucial to assess plant species potential to adapt to climate change, but little is known about which factors drive the biogeographical patterns of phenotypic plasticity in plants. Theory predicts that climatic variability would select for increased phenotypic plasticity, whereas evidence indicates that stressful conditions can limit phenotypic plasticity. Using a meta‐analytic, phylogeny‐corrected approach to global data on plant phenotypic plasticity, we tested whether latitude, climate, climatic variability and/or stressful conditions are predictors of plastic responses at a biogeographical scale. We found support for a positive association between phenotypic plasticity and climatic variability only for plasticity in allocation. Plasticity in leaf morphology, size and physiology were positively associated with mean annual temperature. We also found evidence that phenotypic plasticity in physiology is limited by cold stress. Overall, plant plastic responses to non‐climatic factors were stronger than responses to climatic factors. However, while climatic conditions were associated with plant plastic responses to climatic factors, they generally did not relate to plastic responses to other abiotic or biotic factors. Our study highlights the need to consider those factors that favour and limit phenotypic plasticity in order to improve predictive frameworks addressing plant species’ potential to adapt to climate change.
Disproportionate microbial responses to decadal drainage on a Siberian floodplain
Authors: Kwon Min Jung , Tripathi Binu M. , Göckede Mathias , Shin Seung Chul , Myeong Nu Ri , Lee Yoo Kyung , Kim Mincheol 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPermafrost thaw induces soil hydrological changes which in turn affects carbon cycle processes in the Arctic terrestrial ecosystems. However, hydrological impacts of thawing permafrost on microbial processes and greenhouse gas (GHG) dynamics are poorly understood. This study examined changes in microbial communities using gene and genome‐centric metagenomics on an Arctic floodplain subject to decadal drainage, and linked them to CO2 and CH4 flux and soil chemistry. Decadal drainage led to significant changes in the abundance, taxonomy, and functional potential of microbial communities, and these modifications well explained the changes in CO2 and CH4 fluxes between ecosystem and atmosphere—increased fungal abundances potentially increased net CO2 emission rates and highly reduced CH4 emissions in drained sites corroborated the marked decrease in the abundance of methanogens and methanotrophs. Interestingly, various microbial taxa disproportionately responded to drainage: Methanoregula, one of the key players in methanogenesis under saturated conditions, almost disappeared, and also Methylococcales methanotrophs were markedly reduced in response to drainage. Seven novel methanogen population genomes were recovered, and the metabolic reconstruction of highly correlated population genomes revealed novel syntrophic relationships between methanogenic archaea and syntrophic partners. These results provide a mechanistic view of microbial processes regulating GHG dynamics in the terrestrial carbon cycle, and disproportionate microbial responses to long‐term drainage provide key information for understanding the effects of warming‐induced soil drying on microbial processes in Arctic wetland ecosystems.
Gender differences in solo self‐employment: Gendered flexibility and the effects of parenthood
Authors: Bari Lauren , Turner Tom , O'Sullivan Michelle 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith greater flexibility and control over the timing and conditions of work, solo self‐employment (without employees) is seen as offering a potential solution to work‐family conflict. This study examines whether this flexibility manifests itself in gendered trends among the self‐employed as self‐employed women undertake a larger share of unpaid domestic and caring work compared to their male and wage‐and‐salaried counterparts. The findings are based on data from the Irish national Labor Force Survey. We find that self‐employed women are more likely to work reduced hours, to work from home and for reasons associated with caring or family responsibilities than both self‐employed men and women in wage‐and‐salaried work. Flexibility factors are stronger determinants of self‐employed status for women than men. While gender differences exist regardless of parental status, they are widest among self‐employed parents of preschool children.
Functional multigenic variations associated with hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Osman Yasser , Elsharkawy Tarek , Hashim Tariq Mohammad , Alratroot Jumana Abdulwahab , Alsuwat Hind Saleh , Otaibi Waad Mohammed Al , Hegazi Fatma Mohammed , AbdulAzeez Sayed , Borgio J. Francis 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe current study aimed to describe genotypes associated with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in a cohort of Saudi and non‐Saudi patients and discuss their possible susceptibility to HL.MethodsWe studied clinical, histopathological, and laboratory findings of HL patients admitted over 12 years duration, at King Fahd University Hospital, KSA. The genomic DNAs of HL patients (n = 61) and normal control subjects (n = 36) were extracted, and genotyping was performed using the Illumina human exome bead chip. Set of HL patients and set of normal controls were included in this study.ResultsA total of 35 DNA variants were found to be highly significant with the P‐value <9.90 × 10−11 among 243 345 exonic biomarkers and obeying the Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium. Nine, MEGF11‐rs150945752 (P‐value 1.20 × 10−12), CACNA1I‐ s58055559 (P‐value 1.93 × 10−12), DECR2‐rs146760080 (P‐value 2.19 × 10−12), STAB1‐rs143894786 (P‐value 2.45 × 10−12), ZNF526‐rs144433879 (P‐value 2.76 × 10−12), CPLANE1‐rs200612080 (P‐value 3.77 × 10−12), DLK1‐rs1058009 (P‐value 5.95 × 10−12), RTN4RL2‐rs61745214 (P‐value 7.71 × 10−12), and PGRMC1‐rs145582672 (P‐value 8.56 × 10−12), exonic variants on chromosomes 15, 22, and 16 were highly associated with HL cases.The highly significant haplotypes at chromosome 3rs143894786G; rs149982219G with P‐value = 3.43 × 10−14 was found to be the risk haplotype for the HL patients. The opposite alleles at chromosome 3: rs143894786A; rs149982219G is protective with P‐value = 2.46 × 10−12. Maximum number of SNPs at the chromosome 19: rs144433879C; rs181265966G; rs201144421C; rs145591797G; rs200560875G; rs77270337G (risk P‐value = 2.24 × 10−12) and its opposite allele rs144433879A; rs181265966A; rs201144421T; rs145591797A; rs200560875A; rs77270337A (protective P‐value = 2.60 × 10−9) were found to be associated haplotype with the HL and controls, respectively, in Saudi population.ConclusionOur study concludes that the HL is genetically heterogeneous with multigene causation.
Hierarchical structure control of MgAl2O4 porous ceramics and application to organic polymer filtration membrane
Authors: Ma Zhiyuan , Suzuki Yoshikazu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAsymmetric porous ceramic membranes typically have a very thin top layer with finer pores covered on thick porous layers with micrometer‐scale pores. In this study, triple‐layer asymmetric MgAl2O4 filtration membranes composed of (i) an Al2O3 support layer (circular pellet with ~10 µm pores) prepared by dry pressing, (ii) a reactively sintered MgAl2O4 intermediate layer (~40 µm in thickness), prepared by dip‐coating with tackifier (PEG‐20000), and (iii) another reactively sintered finer MgAl2O4 membrane layer (~20 µm in thickness), prepared by dip‐coating without tackifier. Different from our previous studies for the microfiltration of submicrometer‐sized particles, in this study we have challenged the ultrafiltration of water‐soluble polymer molecules. Their filtration performance was investigated by removing 1 million molecular‐weight polyethylene oxide (PEO) from water. The rejection rate of the triple‐layer asymmetric filtration membrane to PEO was ~14%. The all‐ceramic membrane in this study showed a comparable rejection rate with the reported inorganic–organic membrane, and it must be promising for excellent chemical and thermal stabilities as well as long durability.
Nurses' responses to adolescent distress in an acute child and adolescent mental health inpatient unit: A qualitative interpretive descriptive study
Authors: Spencer Stephen , Kable Ashley , Stone Teresa , McMillan Margaret 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTPurposeTo describe observed nursing responses and interventions to adolescent inpatients experiencing distress.MethodsThorne's interpretive descriptive approach guided data collection and analysis of nonparticipant observations of a purposive sample of adolescents, and nurses.FindingsThree major themes are presented: engagement: responses and interventions for working with distress; adolescent reactions and nurses' clinical decision making to manage distress; and outcomes: escalation or resolution of distress.ConclusionsThe TAR3 conceptual model developed from this study can guide nurses' responses to distressed adolescents and promote safety, enhance positive outcomes, and reduce the use of coercive interventions.
The mortality analysis of primary prevention patients receiving a cardiac resynchronization defibrillator (CRT‐D) or implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) according to guideline indications in the improve SCA study
Authors: Ching Chi Keong , Hsieh Yu‐Cheng , Liu Yen‐Bing , Rodriguez Diego A. , Kim Young‐Hoon , Joung Boyoung , Singh Balbir , Huang Dejia , Hussin Azlan , Chasnoits Alexandr R. , O'Brien Janet E. , Cerkvenik Jeffrey , Lexcen Daniel , Van Dorn Brian , Zhang Shu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn primary prevention (PP) patients the utilization of implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy‐defibrillators (CRT‐D) remains low in many geographies, despite the proven mortality benefit.PurposeThe objective of this analysis was to examine the mortality benefit in PP patients by guideline‐indicated device type: ICD and CRT‐D.MethodsImprove sudden cardiac arrest was a prospective, nonrandomized, nonblinded multicenter trial that enrolled patients from regions where ICD utilization is low. PP patient's CRT‐D or ICD eligibility was based upon the 2008 ACC/AHA/HRS and 2006 ESC guidelines. Mortality was assessed according to guideline‐indicated device type comparing implanted and nonimplanted patients. Cox proportional hazards methods were used, adjusting for known factors affecting mortality risk.ResultsAmong 2618 PP patients followed for a mean of 20.8 ± 10.8 months, 1073 were indicated for a CRT‐D, and 1545 were indicated for an ICD. PP CRT‐D‐indicated patients who received CRT‐D therapy had a 58% risk reduction in mortality compared with those without implant (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.28–0.61, p < .0001). PP patients with an ICD indication had a 43% risk reduction in mortality with an ICD implant compared with no implant (adjusted HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.41–0.81, p = .002).ConclusionsThis analysis confirms the mortality benefit of adherence to guideline‐indicated implantable defibrillation therapy for PP patients in geographies where ICD therapy was underutilized. These results affirm that medical practice should follow clinical guidelines when choosing therapy for PP patients who meet the respective defibrillator device implant indication.
Effectiveness of medical therapy for treatment of idiopathic frequent premature ventricular complexes
Authors: Tang Jacky K. K. , Andrade Jason G. , Hawkins Nathaniel M. , Laksman Zachary W. , Krahn Andrew D. , Bennett Matthew T. , Heilbron Brett , Chakrabarti Santabhanu , Yeung‐Lai‐Wah John A. , Deyell Marc W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe relative effectiveness of medical therapy compared with a conservative approach of monitoring in patients with idiopathic frequent premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) is uncertain. We evaluated the effectiveness of medical versus conservative therapy for frequent PVCs.MethodsPatients with frequent PVCs (≥5%) were prospectively enrolled in this cohort study between 2016 and 2020. In patients with normal cardiac function and no structural heart disease, those receiving medical therapy were compared with controls without therapy. Patients were followed longitudinally for change in PVC burden and with serial echocardiography.ResultsOverall, 120 patients met inclusion criteria (mean: 56.5 ± 14.6 years, 54.2% female) with 53 on beta‐blockers or calcium channel blockers (BBs/CCBs), 27 on Class I or III antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs), and 40 patients treated conservatively. Median initial PVC burden ranged from 15.5% to 20.6%. The median relative reduction of PVCs was 32.7%, 30.5%, and 81.3%, in the conservative therapy, BBs/CCBs, and AADs cohorts, respectively. AADs had greater PVC reduction compared with BBs/CCBs (p = 0.017) and conservative therapy (p = 0.045). PVC reduction to <1% was comparable across groups at 35.0%, 17.0%, 33.3%, respectively. Four patients (4/120, 3.3%) developed left ventricular dysfunction. Rates of adverse drug reactions and medication discontinuation were similar between groups, with no serious adverse events noted.ConclusionIn patients with idiopathic frequent PVCs, BB, and CCB have limited effectiveness in PVC reduction. Class I and III AADs have superior effectiveness for medical therapy in symptomatic patients, but only achieved complete PVC resolution suppression in one‐third of patients.
Visit‐to‐visit office blood pressure variability combined with Framingham risk score to predict all‐cause mortality: A post hoc analysis of the systolic blood pressure intervention trial
Authors: Cheng Yi , Li Jian , Ren Xinping , Wang Dan , Yang Yulin , Miao Ya , Sheng Chang‐Sheng , Tian Jingyan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe aim to determine if visit‐to‐visit blood pressure variability (BPV) adds prognostic value for all‐cause mortality independently of the Framingham risk score (FRS) in the systolic blood pressure intervention trial (SPRINT). We defined BPV as variability independent of the mean (VIM) and the difference of maximum minus minimum (MMD) of the systolic blood pressure (SBP). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Based on FRS stratification, there were 1035, 2911, and 4050 participants in the low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups, respectively. During the trial, 230 deaths occurred since the 12th month with an average follow‐up of 2.5 years. In continuous analysis, 1‐SD increase of SBP VIM and MMD were significantly associated with all‐cause mortality (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.05–1.32, p = .005; and HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09–1.35, p < .001, respectively). In category analysis, the highest quintile of BPV compared with the lowest quintile had significantly higher risk of all‐cause mortality. Cross‐tabulation analysis showed that the 3rd tertile of SBP VIM in the high‐risk group had the highest HR of all‐cause mortality in total population (HR 4.99; 95% CI 1.57–15.90; p = .007), as well as in intensive‐therapy group (HR 7.48; 95% CI 1.01–55.45; p = .05) analyzed separately. Cross‐tabulation analysis of SBP MMD had the same pattern as VIM showed above. In conclusion, visit‐to‐visit BPV was an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality, when accounting for conventional risk factors or FRS. BPV combined with FRS conferred an increased risk for all‐cause mortality in the SPRINT trial.