bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRIM71deficiency causes germ cell loss during mouse embryogenesis and promotes human male infertility
Authors: Torres-Fernández Lucia A. , Emich Jana , Port Yasmine , Mitschka Sibylle , Wöste Marius , Schneider Simon , Fietz Daniela , Oud Manon S. , Persio Sara Di , Neuhaus Nina , Kliesch Sabine , Hölzel Michael , Schorle Hubert , Friedrich Corinna , Tüttelmann Frank , Kolanus Waldemar 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMutations affecting the germline can result in infertility or the generation of germ cell tumors (GCT), highlighting the need to identify and characterize the genes controlling the complex molecular network orchestrating germ cell development. TRIM71 is a stem cell-specific factor essential for embryogenesis, and its expression has been reported in GCT and adult mouse testes. To investigate the role of TRIM71 in mammalian germ cell embryonic development, we generated a germline-specific conditionalTrim71knockout mouse (cKO) using the early primordial germ cell (PGC) markerNanos3as a Cre-recombinase driver. cKO mice are infertile, with male mice displaying a Sertoli cell-only (SCO) phenotype, which in humans is defined as a specific subtype of non-obstructive azoospermia characterized by the absence of developing germ cells in the testes’ seminiferous tubules. Infertility originates during embryogenesis, as the SCO phenotype was already apparent in neonatal mice. Thein vitrodifferentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into PGC-like cells (PGCLCs) revealed reduced numbers of PGCLCs inTrim71-deficient cells. Furthermore,in vitrogrowth competition assays with wild type and CRISPR/Cas9-generatedTRIM71mutant NCCIT cells, a human GCT-derived cell line which we used as a surrogate model for proliferating PGCs, showed that TRIM71 promotes NCCIT cell proliferation and survival. Our data collectively suggest that germ cell loss in cKO mice results from combined defects during the specification and maintenance of PGCs prior to their sex determination in the genital ridges. Last, via exome sequencing analysis, we identified severalTRIM71variants in a cohort of infertile men, including a loss-of-function variant in a patient with SCO phenotype. Our work reveals for the first time an association ofTRIM71variants with human male infertility, and uncovers further developmental roles for TRIM71 in the generation and maintenance of germ cells during mouse embryogenesis.
Frugal-based innovation model for sustainable development: technological and market turbulence
Authors: Iqbal Qaisar , Ahmad Noor Hazlina , Li Zeyun 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThis study draws on the upper echelon perspective and effectuation theory to put insights on the relationship between sustainable leadership and sustainable performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study had adopted the cluster-sampling approach to collect data from 500 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) established in China and India with 46.60% response rate. The SmartPLS 3.0 was employed for data analysis.FindingsThis study verified the mediating role of frugal innovation in emerging markets. Both market and technological turbulence significantly moderated the sustainable leadership-frugal innovation relationship. Nevertheless, the effect of sustainable leadership on frugal innovation did not vary for the different values of entrepreneurial bricolage.Originality/valueThis article contributes by revealing the moderating effect of market and technological turbulence as moderator. Greater market and technological turbulence led to greater impact of sustainable leadership practices on frugal innovation.
The ambidextrous and differential effects of directive versus empowering leadership: a study from project context
Authors: Zheng Junwei , Gou Xueqin , Wu Guangdong , Zhao Xianbo , Li Hongyang , Liu Bingsheng 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThis study investigated the differential effects of empowering leadership and directive leadership in projects. Moreover, how the complex interplay between empowering and directive leadership styles influences both leader–member exchange and project performance was also explored.Design/methodology/approachPolynomial regression analysis and response surface modeling were applied to analyze 161 matched data collected from project members and managers worked in different projects located in China.FindingsFour leadership styles were identified, i.e. ambidextrous, delegating, directive and laissez-faire styles. These may be combined with empowering and directive leadership. With regard to (in)congruence, leader–member exchange and project performance improved with ambidextrous style as a form of high–high congruence between empowering and directive leadership compared with laissez-faire style (i.e. low–low congruence). Results were better when a delegating style was combined with empowering leadership at a high level compared with the combination of directive style as directive leadership at a high level. Leader–member exchange was identified to exert a mediating role of the (in)congruence on project performance.Originality/valueThis study confirmed the contingent viewpoint of leadership by identifying distinct leadership styles applied in projects. Furthermore, the co-existence of empowering leadership and directive leadership was examined, and the underlying mechanism between the (in)congruence of empowering and directive leadership and project performance was identified.
Psychometric properties of unemployment syndrome scale and relevance to clinical practice
Authors: Bocchino Anna , Lepiani Isabel , Gilart Ester , Medialdea Maria Jesus , Rodriguez María Dueñas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study was designed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly completed unemployment syndrome scale (USS).MethodUsing a cross‐sectional descriptive design, 319 long‐term unemployed people completed a questionnaire.FindingsInternal consistency reliability was supported by Cronbach's α value of .912 for the total scale. To assess the construct validity of the USS, we examined convergent validity, known‐groups validity, and exploratory factor analysis. We also assessed convergent validity by examining the relationship between the USS and five other related and known concepts. The Exploratory Factor Analysis performed on the USS extracted three factors with Eigen values >1 (Kaiser's Criterion), which explained the variability of 55.16%. As hypothesized, all correlations were moderate. On the other hand, regarding known‐groups validity, the hypotheses were validated.ConclusionsThis evidence of the reliability and validity of USS supports its use in research and clinical practice to evaluate the impact of long‐term unemployment and its treatment.Relevance to clinical practiceThe USS is a Spanish clinical tool for the assessment of patients with unemployment syndrome symptoms and integral needs care by nursing professionals.
Do Social Cognition Deficits Recover with Abstinence in Alcohol‐Dependent Patients?
Authors: Rupp Claudia I. , Junker David , Kemmler Georg , Mangweth‐Matzek Barbara , Derntl Birgit 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundDespite growing evidence of the presence and clinical relevance of deficits in social cognition in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), less is known about the potential of “natural” recovery with abstinence in this neurocognitive domain. This study investigated the abstinence‐based recovery of neurocognitive social abilities in alcohol‐dependent patients (ADP) using a prospective longitudinal design with follow‐up assessment under controlled conditions of abstinence during alcohol dependence inpatient treatment.MethodsSeventy‐seven participants (42 ADP and 35 healthy controls [HC]) performed social cognition testing, including facial emotion recognition, perspective taking, and affective responsiveness twice (baseline/T1 and follow‐up/T2) during comparable follow‐up periods. Assessment of social cognition in abstinent ADP was conducted at the beginning (T1; within the first 2 weeks) and at the end (T2; within the last 2 weeks) of long‐term (2 months) abstinence‐oriented alcohol dependence inpatient treatment. Only patients abstinent for >14 days (last heavy drinking day >21 days) at baseline (T1) and who remained abstinent at follow‐up (T2) were included.ResultsADP, who on average were nearly 2 months abstinent at T1, showed poorer social cognition in all 3 areas (emotion recognition, perspective taking, and affective responsiveness) than HC. There was no difference between groups on the change in performance over time, and group differences (ADP vs. HC) remained significant at T2, indicating persistent social cognition deficits in ADP following controlled abstinence during inpatient treatment.ConclusionsOur findings indicate no natural recovery of social cognition impairments in ADP during an intermediate to long‐term period of abstinence (2+ months), the usual active treatment phase. Research aimed at developing interventions that focus on the improvement of social cognition deficits (e.g., social cognition training) and determining whether they benefit short‐ and long‐term clinical outcomes in AUD seems warranted.
Long‐term results for traumatic sternoclavicular joint dislocation treated with a sternoclavicular joint‐specific plate
Authors: Wang Shouli , Chen Zhongyi , Lin Lie , Pan Qiaohong , Wang Bin , Liu Fucun , Zhang Chuanyi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment of traumatic sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation (SCJD) with internal fixation has been reported with good short‐term results, but data on its long‐term results are scarce.MethodsPatients with traumatic SCJD treated with an SCJ‐specific plate between January 2003 and January 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. All implants were routinely removed. Data from radiography, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, the visual analogue scale and abduction and forward elevation of the shoulder were collected and evaluated before the index surgery, at implant removal and at the latest follow‐up.ResultsA total of 22 patients were included in this study with a mean follow‐up period of 94.8 months. All patients maintained good reduction after the index surgery and implant removal. The visual analogue scale significantly improved from 7.1 ± 1.3 before the index surgery to 0.9 ± 1.0 at implant removal (P < 0.001) and to 1.0 ± 1.1 at the latest follow‐up (P < 0.001); the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score significantly improved from 37.9 ± 10.1 to 90.8 ± 7.8 (P < 0.001) and to 86.7 ± 8.6; and both abduction and forward elevation of the shoulder significantly improved at the latest follow‐up (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the clinical results after implant removal.ConclusionTraumatic SCJD treated with an SCJ‐specific plate appeared to be efficient, with satisfactory clinical and radiological results at long‐term follow‐up.
Evaluation of safety and foeto‐maternal outcome following non‐obstetric surgery in pregnancy: a retrospective single‐site Australian study
Authors: Choi Ho Nam , Ng Bertrand Ren Joon , Arafat Yasser , Mendis Balapuwaduge A. S. , Dharmawardhane Anoj , Lucky Tarana 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundExisting data on safety of non‐obstetric surgery during pregnancy appear limited and conflicting. This study aimed to assess perinatal outcomes and complications in pregnant women undergoing non‐obstetric surgeries.MethodsA single‐site Australian study was performed utilizing a 10‐year data (2009–2018) collected retrospectively. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the characteristics of the study population. Statistical analyses between groups were conducted by independent t‐test or Mann–Whitney (for means between groups) and by chi‐squared/Fisher's exact test (for categorical variables).ResultsA total of 108 pregnant women underwent non‐obstetric surgery, with an increasing trend in annual numbers since 2014. The majority of women (91%) underwent surgeries as an emergency procedure, and under general anaesthesia (69.8%). Procedures during the first trimester comprised 45%, making it the most common trimester for non‐obstetric surgeries. The most common cause for surgery arose in the gastrointestinal/digestive tract (39%). Overall perinatal complication rate was 19% with the rate of miscarriage/foetal loss, preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction/small for gestational age being 4.7%, 10.4% and 3.8%, respectively. A total of 46 patients underwent intra‐abdominal surgery. The most common surgery in the laparoscopy group was appendicectomy (56%), whereas adnexal pathology (54%) contributed to the majority of laparotomies. Subgroup comparison showed no significant difference in perinatal outcomes except for caesarean delivery rate (24% versus 67% for laparoscopy versus open, respectively (P = 0.04)).ConclusionWith an overall perinatal complication rate of 19%, the rate of adverse perinatal outcomes following non‐obstetric surgery during pregnancy in our study was low and comparable to those of the general population.
The experiences of adults with intellectual disabilities attending a mindfulness‐based group intervention
Authors: Croom Sarah , Chadwick Darren D. , Nicholls Wendy , McGarry Ali 
Published: February 2021

Accessible summaryMindfulness helps us to “slow down” and notice how we are thinking and how we are feeling. When we notice our thoughts and our feelings, we can choose to do the things that help us to feel better. We wanted to know what people with learning disabilities thought of mindfulness. Nine people with learning disabilities told us what they thought about mindfulness.We found out that:People enjoyed mindfulness activities and the chance to socialise with other peoplePeople showed some understanding of mindfulnessPeople could do the mindfulness activitiesAbstractBackgroundA growing body of research supports the efficacy of mindfulness‐based intervention programmes (MBPs) for people with intellectual disabilities. Existing literature calls for focus on the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities participating in MBPs.Materials and MethodsThis study explored the experiences of nine adults with intellectual disabilities attending an eight‐week group MBP delivered within the community. Two audio‐recorded group discussions and seven semi‐structured interviews were thematically analysed.ResultsThemes were as follows: participants’ experience of the group as a meaningful and enjoyable activity; opportunities for socialisation, sharing, friendship and support; the significance of participant–facilitator relationships; and how participants understood and experienced the mindfulness exercises and concepts.ConclusionsSome understanding of mindfulness was evident, and participants demonstrated an ability to engage in mindfulness exercises. Findings inform the development of effective MBPs for people with intellectual disabilities.
The pouch behaving badly: management of morbidity after ileal pouch–anal anastomosis
Authors: Deputy Mohammed , Segal Jonathan , Reza Lillian , Worley Guy , Costello Samuel , Burns Elaine , Faiz Omar , Clark Susan , Hart Ailsa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimIleal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA), or a ‘pouch’, allows restoration of intestinal continuity after proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis. Most patients have a good long‐term outcome after IPAA, but in a significant proportion the functional outcome and quality of life are unsatisfactory. We term this outcome ‘the pouch behaving badly’. Managing this, especially one is when unfamiliar with the possible underlying pathologies, is a challenge for both patient and clinician. We aim to outline the clinical approach to the pouch behaving badly, highlighting key aspects of investigation and management.MethodThis is a narrative review of the literature covering the investigation and management of postoperative complications and morbidity after IPAA.ResultsManagement of the pouch behaving badly requires a careful clinical assessment. The patient may present with multiple symptoms and a clear picture of the symptomatology and past history should be constructed before thorough examination and specialist investigation. We divide the pathology that underlies this clinical scenario into surgical, inflammatory, mechanical, functional and dysplastic causes and outline the investigation and management of each one.ConclusionThe pouch behaving badly is a challenging problem for both patient and clinician. A detailed clinical assessment with careful specialist investigation is key to diagnosing the underlying pathology. We stress the importance of patient‐centred care – the aim is to improve quality of life.
Home assessment of visual working memory in pre‐schoolers reveals associations between behaviour, brain activation and parent reports of life stress
Authors: McKay Courtney A. , Shing Yee Lee , Rafetseder Eva , Wijeakumar Sobanawartiny 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVisual working memory (VWM) is reliably predictive of fluid intelligence and academic achievements. The objective of the current study was to investigate individual differences in pre‐schoolers’ VWM processing by examining the association between behaviour, brain function and parent‐reported measures related to the child's environment. We used a portable functional near‐infrared spectroscopy system to record from the frontal and parietal cortices of 4.5‐year‐old children (N = 74) as they completed a colour change‐detection VWM task in their homes. Parents were asked to fill in questionnaires on temperament, academic aspirations, home environment and life stress. Children were median‐split into a low‐performing (LP) and a high‐performing (HP) group based on the number of items they could successfully remember during the task. LPs increasingly activated channels in the left frontal and bilateral parietal cortices with increasing load, whereas HPs showed no difference in activation. Our findings suggest that LPs recruited more neural resources than HPs when their VWM capacity was challenged. We employed mediation analyses to examine the association between the difference in activation between the highest and lowest loads and variables from the questionnaires. The difference in activation between loads in the left parietal cortex partially mediated the association between parent‐reported stressful life events and VWM performance. Critically, our findings show that the association between VWM capacity, left parietal activation and indicators of life stress is important to understand the nature of individual differences in VWM in pre‐school children.
Greater small nerve fibre damage in the skin and cornea of type 1 diabetic patients with painful compared to painless diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Ferdousi Maryam , Azmi Shazli , Kalteniece Alise , Petropoulos Ioannis Nikolaos , Ponirakis Georgios , Asghar Omar , Alam Uazman , Marshall Andrew , Boulton Andrew J. M. , Efron Nathan , Soran Handrean , Jeziorska Maria , Malik Rayaz A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and aimDamage to small nociceptive fibres may contribute to painful diabetic neuropathy. We aimed to compare large and small nerve fibre measurements together with skin biopsy and corneal confocal microscopy in patients with type 1 diabetes and painful or painless diabetic neuropathy.MethodsWe have assessed the McGill pain questionnaire, neuropathy disability score, vibration perception threshold, warm and cold sensation thresholds, electrophysiology, corneal confocal microscopy and skin biopsy in participants with type 1 diabetes and painful (n = 41) or painless (n = 50) diabetic neuropathy and control subjects (n = 50).ResultsThe duration of diabetes, body mass index, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure and lipid profile did not differ between subjects with painful and painless neuropathy. Neuropathy disability score and vibration perception threshold were higher and sural nerve conduction velocity was lower, but sural nerve amplitude, peroneal nerve amplitude and conduction velocity and cold and warm sensation thresholds did not differ between patients with painful compared to painless diabetic neuropathy. However, intraepidermal nerve fibre density, corneal nerve fibre density, corneal nerve branch density and corneal nerve fibre length were significantly lower in subjects with painful compared to painless diabetic neuropathy.ConclusionsThere is evidence of more severe neuropathy, particularly small fibre damage in the skin and cornea, of patients with painful compared to painless diabetic neuropathy.
Inhibition of tau amyloid formation and disruption of its preformed fibrils by Naphthoquinone–Dopamine hybrid
Authors: Paul Ashim , Viswanathan Guru KrishnaKumar , Huber Adi , Arad Elad , Engel Hamutal , Jelinek Raz , Gazit Ehud , Segal Daniel 
Published: February 2021

Misfolding and aggregation of tau protein, into pathological amyloids, are hallmarks of a group of neurodegenerative diseases collectively termed tauopathies and their modulation may be therapeutically valuable. Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a dopamine‐based hybrid molecule, naphthoquinone–dopamine (NQDA). Using thioflavin S assay, CD, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, Congo Red birefringence, and large unilamellar vesicle leakage assays, we demonstrated its efficacy in inhibiting the in vitro aggregation of key tau‐derived amyloidogenic fragments, PHF6 (VQIVYK) and PHF6* (VQIINK), prime drivers of aggregation of full‐length tau in disease pathology. Isothermal titration calorimetry analysis revealed that the interaction between NQDA and PHF6 is spontaneous and has significant binding efficiency driven by both entropic and enthalpic processes. Furthermore, NQDA efficiently disassembled preformed fibrils of PHF6 and PHF6* into nontoxic species. Molecular dynamic simulations supported the in vitro results and provided a plausible mode of binding of NQDA with PHF6 fibril. NQDA was also capable of inhibiting the aggregation of full‐length tau protein and disrupting its preformed fibrils in vitro in a dose‐dependent manner. In a comparative study, the IC50 value (50% inhibition of fibril formation) of NQDA in inhibiting the aggregation of PHF6 (25 µm) was ~ 17 µm, which is lower than for other bona fide amyloid inhibitors, naphthoquinone‐tryptophan, rosmarinic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, ~ 21, ~ 77, or ~ 19 µm, respectively. Comparable superiority of NQDA was observed for inhibition of PHF6*. These findings suggest that NQDA can be a useful scaffold for designing new therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies.
Informed options trading prior to insider trades
Authors: Hao (Grace) Qing , Li Keming 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe find abnormal volatility spreads in the options market immediately before corporate insider stock trades, suggesting informed options trading prior to insider trades. The informed options trading is more pronounced for large insider trades, firms in more corrupt areas, and insider purchases in firms with high information asymmetry. Furthermore, the abnormal volatility spreads are positively associated with the post‐trade abnormal returns. In the aftermath of the Securities and Exchange Commission's squawk box cases, informed options trading before insider trades mostly disappeared except for a group of insider stock sales related to insider derivatives transactions such as employee stock options exercises.