bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GARCH with generalized Pareto tail
Authors: Kawakatsu Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes the use of a spliced distribution with generalized Pareto tail for financial risk management. The proposed distribution is tailored to flexibly capture the heavy tail in asset return distribution. The parameters of the distribution can be estimated jointly with a conditional heteroskedasticity model. The estimated parameters can then be used to produce tail risk forecasts for risk management purposes. The use of the proposed distribution is illustrated by evaluating tail risk forecasts for a number of major stock indices.
Ultrasound-guided ethyl alcohol injection to the deep branch of the ulnar nerve to relieve hand spasticity in stroke patients: A case series
Authors: Chang Min Cheol , Choi Gyu-Sik , Boudier-Revéret Mathieu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Hand spasticity with a flexor pattern is a common problem affecting stroke patients and can result in pain, contractures, esthetic concerns, skin maceration, and overall loss of function. Poststroke (≥6 months) hemiparetic adult patients having a Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) score of ≥1 for metacarpophalangeal flexion and thumb adduction spasticity were selected to receive an ultrasound-guided 20% ethyl alcohol block performed perineurally at the level of the deep branch of the ulnar nerve. Their MAS scores were evaluated pretreatment at 1 month and the change in MAS scores was assessed using Wilcoxon’s test. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The mean MAS score for the flexor muscles of the 5 MCP joints and for thumb adduction was reduced from 3.3 ± 0.5 at pretreatment to 0.9 ± 0.5 at 1 month after the injection for the 10 patients. One month after the injection, the MAS scores were significantly reduced compared with those at pretreatment (p < 0.001), without complications. These are encouraging results showing that ultrasound-guided alcohol blocks of the deep branch of the ulnar nerve are safe and can help chronic stroke patients with metacarpophalangeal flexion and thumb adduction spasticity at 1 month.
Der Holodomor, die NS-Propaganda in der Ukraine und ihr schwieriges Erbe
Authors: Penter Tanja , Tytarenko Dmytro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Tanja Penter und Dmytro Tytarenko beleuchten einen bislang kaum beachteten Aspekt deutsch-ukrainischer Verflechtungsgeschichte im Zusammenhang mit der großen Hungersnot der Jahre 1932/33. Sie untersuchen, wie die Hungerkatastrophe in der Ukraine, über die man unter Stalin nicht öffentlich sprechen durfte, in der deutschen Besatzungspresse zwischen 1941 und 1944 erstmals öffentlich thematisiert und propagandistisch instrumentalisiert wurde. Ausgehend von einer Analyse der Pressepublikationen fragen sie unter anderem danach, welches Bild der Hungersnot die Besatzer vermittelten und ob das Erbe dieser propagandistischen Instrumentalisierung des Verbrechens Spuren in der ukrainischen Erinnerungskultur hinterlassen hat.
Performance, Properties, and Resiliency of Thermal Insulations
Authors: Fisler Diana , Pazera Marcin 
Published: October 2021

Description
Featuring nine peer-reviewed papers with state-of-the-art knowledge on topics related to performance of resiliency of thermal insulation materials in the built environment.
More frequent and extreme weather events, increasing global temperatures, and recently, a global pandemic, are stressing the ingenuity of the building industry and building professionals to respond. This book provides key information the industry needs, with separate sections on mechanical and pipe insulations and the building envelope and materials therein.
Sponsored by ASTM International Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation.
The Corporate Social Responsibility System Practiced by Romanian Companies
Authors: Sitnikov Catalina , Băndoi Anca , Staneci (Drinceanu) Ionela , Militaru Costinel Cristian , Olaru (Staicu) Mariana Paraschiva , Riza Ionut 
Published: October 2021

Recent research has shown that the corporate social responsibility system has a positive impact on consumer behavior regarding products or services that promote social responsibility. Thus, it can be stated that customer loyalty to a particular company derives not only from commercial benefits but also from the components of corporate social responsibilities practiced by the company. The vast majority of company managers in Romania do not understand what it means to be a socially responsible company, which is why they do not even agree with most of the definitions given to corporate social responsibility; secondly, when asked to explain what social responsibility means, they are not able to make logical arguments; I argue that the involvement of companies in social responsibility activities has a purely economic motivation and that it is related to the size of the company, rather large companies integrating the implementation of CSR activities in its vision. From a marketing perspective, corporate social responsibility has proven its ability to generate many benefits for companies, implementing and communicating specific policies and actions in this regard with the potential to improve satisfaction and loyalty, both among customers and of employees. The main objective of the article is to analyze the way in which consumers in Romania perceive the corporate social responsibility system of companies.
Who suffered most? Parental stress and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany
Authors: Li Jianghong , Bünning Mareike , Kaiser Till , Hipp Lena 
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study examines gender and socioeconomic inequalities in parental psychological wellbeing (parenting stress and psychological distress) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.
Background: The dramatic shift of childcare and schooling responsibility from formal institutions to private households during the pandemic has put families under enormous stress and raised concerns about caregivers' health and wellbeing. Despite the overwhelming media attention to families’ wellbeing, to date limited research has examined parenting stress and parental psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in Germany.
Method: We analyzed four waves of panel data (N= 1,771) from an opt-in online survey, which was conducted between March 2020 and April 2021. Multivariable OLS regressions were used to estimate variations in the pandemic's effects on parenting stress and psychological distress by various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.
Results: Overall, levels of parenting stress and psychological distress increased during the pandemic. During the first and third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, mothers, parents with children younger than 11 years, parents with two or more children, parents working from home as well as parents with financial insecurity experienced higher parenting stress than other sociodemographic groups. Moreover, women, respondents with lower incomes, single parents, and parents with younger children experienced higher levels of psychological distress than other groups.
Conclusion: Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in parents' psychological wellbeing increased among the study participants during the pandemic.
PENGARUH ASUPAN SAYUR KANGKUNG (IPOMEA REPTANS POIR.) DAN OLAHRAGA RENANG TERHADAP INTENSITAS KECEMASAN PADA REMAJA LAKI-LAKI The Eﬀect of Kangkong Vegetables (Ipomea reptans Poir.) and Swimming on Anxiety Intensity in Adolescent Male
Authors: Yudhistira Sigit , Nuhriawangsa Adi Magna Patriadi , Fanani Mohammad 
Published: October 2021

High stress levels in adolescents can cause mental health disorders such as anxiety. Kangkong vegetables has nutrients superior in reducing anxiety, in 250 grams of kangkong vegetables contains carbohydrates (9,7 g), vitamin B1 (0,17 mg), vitamin C (42,5 mg), calcium (167,5 mg), zinc (1 mg), iron (5,7 mg), potassium (625,2 mg), sodium (162,5 mg), flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids for metabolism and increased hormone in the brain such as BDNF, GABA, serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine which reduce anxiety. Swimming has superior as a recreational eﬀort in reducing anxiety, also keeps the body fit and relaxed for metabolism and increased hormones in the brain such as BDNF, GABA, serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine which reduce anxiety. The purpose of this study was to analyze the eﬀect of kangkong vegetables and swimming in the intensity of anxiety in adolescent. The study uses a quasi-experimental study design pre-post test control group design, involving 61 male students, taken from 3 senior high schools and grouped into 3: control group by giving swimming 2 times / week for 2 weeks (pool depth 120 cm and swimming duration for 60 minutes / exercise) (P0) (n=22), group by giving 250 grams of kangkong vegetables / day for 14 days (divided into 2) (P1) (n=19) and group by giving combination of kangkong vegetables and swimming (P2) (n=20). The results of the study used the ANOVA, the decrease in anxiety intensity in all groups not much diﬀerent from the value (p=0.593). The conclusion this study is the giving of kangkong vegetables, swimming can reduce the intensity of anxiety in adolescent male.
Investigating the Use of CO2 as a Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid for Water Sustainability and Environmental Friendliness
Authors: Fakher Sherif , Fakher Abdulaziz 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing is the process by which many unconventional shale reservoirs are produced from. During this process, a highly pressurized fluid, usually water, is injected into the formation with a proppant. The fracturing fluid breaks the formation thus increasing its permeability, and the proppant ensures that the formation remains open. Although highly effective, hydraulic fracturing has several limitations including relying on a highly valuable commodity such as water. This research investigates the applicability of carbon dioxide as a fracturing fluid instead of water, and studies the main advantages and limitation of such a procedure. The main properties that could have a strong impact on the applicability of carbon dioxide based hydraulic fracturing are studied; these factors include carbon dioxide properties, proppant properties, and reservoir rock, fluid, and thermodynamic properties. This research aims to function as an initial introduction and roadmap to future research investigating the applicability of carbon dioxide as a fracturing fluid in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.
Evaluation of Nanofluids for Selected Malaysian Oilfields with Limited Cores: A Rapid Test Approach
Authors: Hendraningrat Luky , Majidaie Saeed , Che Mamat Che Abdul Nasser Bakri Bin , Razali Norzafirah Binti , Chien Chee Sheau , A Rasid Shahrul Aida Binti , Tewari Raj Deo , Kechut Nor Idah Binti 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As an emerging technology, nanoparticle offers advanced benefits to be used as a novel improved oil recovery method. The nanoparticle has a much smaller size than pores of rock that can penetrate deeper in the reservoir and it is easily functionalized to change the wettability of rocks. However, the synthesize and screening process of nanofluids will be a laborious task and need a long-term period and numerous cores at rock-fluid tests. It would be a big issue if the research period is short and native cores are limited or even unavailable. This paper presents a rapid test approach to evaluate nanofluids for a Malaysian oilfield with limited cores.
Numerous nanofluids: nanopolymer and nanosurfactants, were evaluated using crude oil from a selected oilfield. Rapid measurement tests are proposed based on a parallel bottom-up approach from contact angle, thermal stability, and interfacial tension (IFT) measurement with at reservoir temperature conditions. Glass plate was initially used as the solid media for optimization of nanofluids concentration. Once this is ascertained then it can be used for further analysis on limited native core slab. Rock mineralogy, fluid rheology, and characterization were also determined. The fluid-fluid and rock-fluid measurements were repeated to ensure consistency of results and to estimate deviation in measurements.
Based on a rapid test approach, it was observed that the screening process only took several days instead of months to select suitable nanofluids and glass plates that could be used in the screening process to reduce consuming cores for oilfields with a limited core. A series of glass plate experiment showed consistent results with the core slab. It was observed that dynamic optical contact angle using can achieve steady conditions for approximately half an hour. It was also observed that both the glass plate and replicate core slab show consistency of wettability alteration trend and benefits of multiple runs can observe how big the deviation of measurement. As predicted, all nanofluids can alter the rock wetting behavior. A decreasing contact angle showed that the solid media was rendered to be more water-wet, which implies better oil displacement due to residual oil saturation reduction. Surfactant grafted nanoparticles have given marginal effect on IFT reduction at a certain concentration and achieved steady in less than an hour. These results showed the most potential rapidly for further analysis on coreflooding experiments.
The rapid test approach can evaluate and screen nanofluids for detailed coreflooding experiments. This approach readily applies for uncored or limited cores and limited research period.
High-Temperature Stable Specific Enzyme for Guar Polymer Based Fracturing Fluid Degradation
Authors: Abdelrahim Mumin Abdalla , Ghosh Dr. Bisweswar , Belhaj Dr. Hadi , Ghosh Debayan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing, commonly referred to as fracking, is a widely used technology to enhance the productivity of low-perm reservoirs and the aqueous-based fracturing fluids use guar as the rheology builder. Residual polymer layer over the fractured surface results in a reduced matrix to fracture permeability, causing reduced well productivity. This research aims to develop a specialized mannanase enzyme and evaluate its efficiency in degrading linear and cross-linked guar polymer gel as a function of time, temperature, and breaker concentration, to enhance the effectiveness of the fracturing process and yielding higher production. The study begins with developing high-temperature stable mannanase using "protein engineering" tools to minimize denaturation at high temperatures and the underlying formation chemistry, followed by optimization of polymer, crosslinker, and breaker concentration through the measurement of rheological properties at moderate to high temperature. Initial studies were conducted using HT-HP filter press and filter papers as porous media for visual inspection of polymer cake dissolution efficiency. Final conclusions were drawn from the simulated coreflooding studies, wherein the injection and production return permeabilities were investigated on post-fracture and enzyme-treated cores, where the breaker was mixed with the frac fluid applied once the frac fluid is in place. The thermal stability of the enzyme breaker vis-à-vis viscosity reduction and degradation pattern of linear and cross-linked gel observed from the break test showed that the enzyme is stable up to 250 °F and can reduce viscosity by more than 1800 cp (99% breaking ability).
Innovation in Managing Leak Repair and Crude Oil Lifting Schedule to Respond to Pipeline Leak in Offshore Terminal System
Authors: Firmansyah Ferry , Satriawirawan Adit , Wisnudarto Aryo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Offshore terminal usually performs crude oil lifting process regularly every 7-8 days. However, three repetitive leaks in crude oil subsea pipeline 36" MOL SPM-1 to SPM-2 occurred in the offshore terminal area had stopped the natural oil lifting process. Due to complex conditions, leak repair needs a longer duration and some future crude oil lifting schedules facing cancelation possibilities.
By simulating the leak parameter, more than 60 bbl. of crude oil would release from the leaking pipeline in 48 hours crude oil lifting operation. An innovative approach is built by designing a new tool to contain oil spills from the source using a pyramid shape tank and safely transport to the temporary storage tank on the diving vessel to keep crude oil lifting process execution still possible to hold while the subsea pipeline repair by installing subsea clamp is undergo.
New tools have successfully eliminated oil spill spreading during crude oil lifting takes place schedule. Six crude lifting schedules have been safely delivered with nearly 30,000 liters of crude oil spill have been evacuated and transferred back to processing facilities. Further implementation would possibly be held in pipeline preservation program and diver less application, which can increase leak response time.
Heavy Oil Polymer Pilot with Active Bottom Water Drive – A Success Story
Authors: Dadlani Hitisha , Jain Gaurav , Saikia Sabyasachi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Bechraji is one of the major fields of heavy oil belt of Mehsana Asset in Western India. It contains heavy oil with average viscosity of ~270cp at reservoir temperature. During the early phase of production, high viscosity led to viscous fingering which resulted in sharp rise in field water cut to ~80%.
Polymer flood in heavy oil has received significant attention after the numerous success across the globe namely, Marmul Oman, Bohai Bay offshore China and Pelican lake Canada fields. Screening studies were conducted followed by comprehensive laboratory evaluations of chemical flood potential which identified it as suitable process. Thus, a normal five spot pattern pilot testing was planned to understand the role of chemical EOR methods in the ultimate development strategy for the Bechraji.
Comprehensive monitoring and quality control procedures were being followed to ensure smooth operations. Pressure surveys, tracer surveys, detailed produced fluid analyses and tests for monitoring the quality of injected fluids were all performed routinely. This paper deliberates the operational aspects of polymer flood, quality control and monitoring program followed, challenges faced and results of polymer flooding.
Novel Approach of Sucker Rod Pump Unit Balance Determination and Monitoring
Authors: Aryadi Yuzar , Hidayat Azis , Lazuardi Hilman , Isnanto Syahroni , Ariwibowo Bonni , Muklas Aliefiyan Nursanda , Fathurachman Ahmad , Gema Ramadhan Ghalib Bima , Kamil Maulana Insan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
SCADA optimization platform is implemented to monitor and evaluate well performance. For Sucker Rod Pump, SCADA Optimization Software can be used to monitor the unit balance and gearbox torque. In some ways, not all required well configuration data for SCADA Optimization Software to do a calculation of counterbalance torque (CBT) for pumping unit balance and gearbox torque evaluation are available. Standard field Counterbalance Effect (CBE) measurement might be performed to calculate the CBT value. However, this standard procedure is limited to well that run on balance condition. For well with unbalance condition, the measured CBE needs to be adjusted by a correction factor which the equation will be presented in this paper. The corrected CBE value from the new equation is then inputted to the SCADA Optimization software to perform day-to-day real-time monitoring of pumping unit balance and gearbox torque.
Derivation of the CBE correction factor equation is presented. Validation upon this new equation is performed by comparing the result with electrical measurement on the pumping unit motor. Using the calculated CBT from the new equation, SCADA Optimization Software performs gearbox torque and pumping unit balance analysis based on every collected dynamometer card.
Calculated CBT from the new equation provided results in gearbox torque distribution pattern that match with measured electrical parameter distribution along the stroke. This CBT value assists SCADA optimization software to calculate pumping unit balance and gearbox torque. Alarm in the SCADA optimization software that coming from an anomaly on pumping unit balance and gearbox torque help operator to do preventive maintenance so that pumping unit component especially the gearbox could have longer run life.
Access to Environmentally Friendly Energy and Capacity Building for Communities in the 3T Frontier, Outermost and Least Developed Region Through the Corporate Social Responsibility Program
Authors: Wibowo Agung , Doloksaribu Anton Humala , Rahman Aditya Cahya Kurnia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PT. Pertamina EP Asset 5 Tarakan Field (PEP Tarakan Field) is one of the upstream oil and gas companies that play an active role in improving the community's welfare around its operational area through social responsibility programs. Through renewable energy access, community empowerment was one of the activities carried out in Tepian Village, Sembakung District, Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province. This activity aimed to provide an alternative energy source that is environmentally friendly and more cost-effective to help reduce the cost of living for the underprivileged communities in the village.
The concept of implementing the social responsibility program adapted by Tarakan Field consists of 4 elements: Organizing Identity, Organizing Transactivity, Organizing System, and Organizing Accountability. The program implementation began with a social mapping that includes data on beneficiaries of the diesel generator conversion program into a Solar-cell Home System. Then, conducted a Focus Group Discussion with village officials and related agencies to listen to suggestions and input on this program. Approximately 30 housing units/140 people from the pre-prosperous group became the beneficiaries of this program. Several residents were also given training in maintenance skills of the Solar-cell Home System unit, following the standards and procedures implemented by the company. Periodically, monitoring is also carried out to see how far the beneficiaries feel the program's impact. In addition, the implementation of monitoring was also helpful to detect obstacles encountered in program implementation so that improvements could be made immediately. Evaluation is carried out every year and at the end of the program mentoring period to see how far the beneficiaries feel the program's impact. Monitoring and evaluation carried out by Tarakan Field also involved other agencies such as academics to involve various disciplines.
After this program was implemented, there was a 50% living costs reduction of the underprivileged groups because they no longer needed to buy diesel to turn on the diesel generator as a source of electrical energy. In addition, there is a reduction in carbon emissions from diesel generators and a decrease in noise levels in the environment around the village.
This social responsibility program also supported the government's third point in the Nawacita programs: to build Indonesia from the margins and support the program to achieve the seven sustainable development goals (SDGs), namely clean and affordable energy. In 2017, this program became a trigger for the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Republic of Indonesia assistance program in the form of a Solar-cell unit with a capacity of 75 kWp, which can accommodate the needs of the entire house network in Tepian Village.