bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arterial and Venous Pressure Dynamics in Blood Flow Restriction Versus Traditional Strength Training
Authors: Ji Sanghyeon , Franz Alexander , Vicas Michaela , Boemer Tobias , Luckmann Stefan , Behringer Michael , Wahl Patrick 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTStrength training responses are influenced by sets, repetitions, and mechanical load, whereas Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training adds the variable of temporarily restricting blood flow via a tourniquet. This has intensified scientific discussions regarding the vascular responses and thereby safety of the BFR method. To address these concerns, we investigated intravascular pressure changes during low‐load (LL‐RT), low‐load with BFR (LL‐BFR‐RT), and high‐load (HL‐RT) exercise. Ten healthy men (26.8 ± 4.59 years) performed unilateral biceps curls to failure in a randomized cross‐over design: (1) LL‐RT (30% 1RM), (2) LL‐BFR‐RT (30% 1RM, 50% LOP), and (3) HL‐RT (75% 1RM). Total workload was significantly higher in LL‐RT (692 ± 251 kg) compared to LL‐BFR‐RT (378 ± 58.7 kg) and HL‐RT (327 ± 65.1 kg, p < 0.001). In terms of mean values, LL‐BFR‐RT resulted in higher diastolic and mean arterial pressures during rest periods between sets compared to other conditions (p ≤ 0.02). Both LL‐RT and LL‐BFR‐RT led to longer durations spent at increased diastolic (above 90 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~419 s vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~356 s vs. Hl‐RT: ~122 s), systolic (above 140 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~437 s vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~336 s vs. HL‐RT: ~199 s), and mean arterial pressures (above 107 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~451 s vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~384 s vs. HL‐RT: ~168 s) compared to HL‐RT (p ≤ 0.028). Relative to total exercise time, LL‐BFR‐RT resulted in higher proportion of time spent at elevated diastolic (above 90 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~56.5% vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~68.7% vs. Hl‐RT: ~33.5%) and mean arterial pressures (above 107 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~60.8% vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~74.0% vs. HL‐RT: ~45.7%) compared to HL‐RT (p ≤ 0.034). Peripheral venous pressure was significantly higher in LL‐BFR‐RT compared to other conditions (p < 0.001), with both absolute and relative time spent at higher pressures (above 75 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~57.0 s and ~ 9.12% vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~424 s and ~ 81.7% vs. HL‐RT: ~36.0 s and ~ 8.99%, p ≤ 0.002). Our results suggest that BFR training performed to failure imposes greater arterial and venous stress in the exercising limb compared to high‐load training without BFR, particularly due to prolonged exposure to elevated pressures. Further research is needed to assess the potential risks of elevated local arterial and venous pressure responses by frequent BFR use, particularly in populations with pre‐existing medical conditions.
Social Cognitive Skills in African American Youth: Parental Cognitive Restructuring and Youth Support Seeking
Authors: Jimenez Virnaliz , Tu Kelly M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNavigating challenging peer experiences is typical during early adolescence, and youths’ social cognitions—social appraisals and social self‐efficacy—about such challenges have implications for their subsequent peer interactions. Parents can play a role in shaping youth social cognitive skills by socializing youth on how to think about challenging peer situations (i.e., cognitive restructuring advice), and the extent to which youth seek parental advice could affect the parent socialization–youth outcome link. Thus, this study aimed to examine parents’ cognitive restructuring advice in response to peer challenges (thinking about the situation in non‐threatening ways) and the association with youths’ social appraisals and self‐efficacy about 1 year later. Youth support seeking was tested as a moderator of this association. Aims were tested with a community sample of predominantly rural low‐income African American (AA) families, which included 90 AA adolescents and their parents at T1; 87 families returned at T2. We found that parents’ cognitive restructuring suggestions ranged from none or vague cognitive restructuring advice to elaborated cognitive restructuring advice; on average, parents reported vague advice. Results from hierarchical regression analyses revealed that main effects of T1 parents’ cognitive restructuring advice and T1 youth‐reported support seeking did not emerge for either T2 youth‐reported social appraisals or self‐efficacy. However, youth support seeking emerged as a moderator, such that more elaborated parental cognitive restructuring advice was linked with youths’ more positive social appraisals, whereas vague to no cognitive restructuring advice was associated with less positive social appraisals but only among youth who reported higher support seeking.
Age‐Related Variations of Corneal Sensitivity in Puppies Beagle Dogs
Authors: Chahory Sabine , Maringue Célia , Huiban Pierre , Desquilbet Loïc 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the evolution of corneal sensitivity in healthy beagle puppies during the first weeks of life, compare these results with adult corneal sensitivity, and determine the age at which adult corneal sensitivity levels are reached.Animals StudiedTwelve puppies and five adult females.ProceduresCorneal sensitivity was assessed in puppies weekly from 2 to 7 weeks of age and in their mothers by measuring the corneal touch threshold (CTT) in the central cornea using a Cochet–Bonnet esthesiometer. Hygrometric and temperature measurements were recorded throughout the study period.ResultsIn puppies, esthesiometry indicated a progressive decrease in corneal sensitivity with age. Sensitivity was higher between 2 and 4 weeks, which stabilized between 5 and 7 weeks, with a median CTT values of 0.5, 0.5, 0.8, 1.4, 1.2, and 1.4 g/mm2 at 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 weeks, respectively. The median CTT in puppies reached the adult median value (1.4 g/mm2) at 5 weeks. The median CTT at 2 weeks was significantly different from the median CTT at 7 weeks (0.5 vs. 1.4 g/mm2). Humidity and temperature were not significantly associated with corneal sensitivity in adults.ConclusionsIn this study, corneal sensitivity in beagle puppies was higher during the first 3 weeks of life compared to 7 weeks. During this early period, puppies exhibited corneal sensitivity levels exceeding those of adults, which subsequently decreased to adult‐equivalent values between 5 and 7 weeks of age.
Criteria for extension of commutativity to fractional iterates of holomorphic self‐maps in the unit disc
Authors: Contreras Manuel D. , Díaz‐Madrigal Santiago , Gumenyuk Pavel 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLet be a univalent non‐elliptic self‐map of the unit disc and let be a continuous one‐parameter semigroup of holomorphic functions in such that commutes with . This assumption does not imply that all elements of the semigroup commute with . In this paper, we provide a number of sufficient conditions that guarantee that for all : This holds, for example, if and have a common boundary (regular or irregular) fixed point different from their common Denjoy–Wolff point , or when has a boundary regular fixed point at which is isogonal, or when has an unrestricted limit at . In addition, we analyze how behaves in the petals of the semigroup .
Carbon dioxide regulates
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
PhoPR signaling and virulence
Authors: Dechow Shelby J. , Goyal Rajni , Johnson Benjamin K. , Haiderer Elizabeth R. , Abramovitch Robert B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

The
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(Mtb) two-component regulatory system PhoPR is implicated in pH sensing within the macrophage because it is strongly induced by acidic pH both
in vitro
and the macrophage phagosome. The carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor ethoxzolamide inhibits PhoPR signaling supporting the hypothesis that CO
2
may also play a role in regulating PhoPR. Here, we show that increasing CO
2
concentration induces PhoPR signaling, at both pH 7.0 and pH 5.7. At acidic pH 5.7, a normally strong inducer of PhoPR signaling, increasing CO
2
from 0.5% to 5% further induces the pathway, showing CO
2
acts synergistically with acidic pH to induce the PhoPR regulon. Based on these findings, we propose that PhoPR functions as a CO
2
sensor. Mtb has three CA (CanA, CanB, and CanC), and using CRISPR interference knockdowns and gene deletion mutants, we assessed which CAs regulate PhoPR signaling and macrophage survival. We first examined if CA played a role in Mtb pathogenesis and observed that CanB was required for survival in macrophages, where the knockdown strain had ~1-log reduction in survival. To further define the interplay of CO
2
and Mtb signaling, we conducted transcriptional profiling experiments at varying pH and CO
2
concentrations. As hypothesized, we observed that the induction of PhoPR at acidic pH is dependent on CO
2
concentration, with a subset of core PhoPR regulon genes dependent on both 5% CO
2
and acidic pH for their induction, including expression of the ESX-1 secretion system. Transcriptional profiling also revealed core CO
2
-responsive genes that were differentially expressed independently of the PhoPR regulon or the acidic pH-inducible regulon. Notably, genes regulated by a second two-component regulatory system, TrcRS, are associated with adaptation to changes in CO
2
.
Identification of two glycosyltransferases required for synthesis of membrane glycolipids in
Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Zbylicki Brianne R. , Cochran Sierra , Weiss David S. , Ellermeier Craig D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Clostridioides difficile
infections cause over 12,000 deaths and an estimated one billion dollars in healthcare costs annually in the United States. The cell membrane is an essential structure that is important for protection from the extracellular environment, signal transduction, and transport of nutrients. The polar membrane lipids of
C. difficile
are ~50% glycolipids, a higher percentage than most other organisms. The glycolipids of
C. difficile
consist of monohexosyldiradylglycerol (MHDRG) (~14%), dihexosyldiradylglycerol (DHDRG) (~15%), trihexosyldiradylglycerol (THDRG) (~5%), and a unique glycolipid aminohexosyl-hexosyldiradylglycerol (HNHDRG) (~16%). Previously, we found that HexSDF are required for the synthesis of HNHDRG. The enzymes required for the synthesis of MHDRG, DHDRG, and THDRG are not known. In this study, we identified the glycosyltransferases UgtA (CDR20291_0008), which is required for the synthesis of all glycolipids, and UgtB (CDR20291_1186), which is required for the synthesis of DHDRG and THDRG. We propose a model where UgtA synthesizes only MHDRG, HexSDF synthesize HNHDRG from MHDRG, and UgtB synthesizes DHDRG and potentially THDRG from MHDRG. We also report that glycolipids are important for critical cell functions, including sporulation, cell size and morphology, maintaining membrane fluidity, colony morphology, and resistance to some membrane-targeting antimicrobials.

IMPORTANCE

Clostridioides difficile
infections are the leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea.
C. difficile
poses a risk to public health due to its ability to form spores and cause recurrent infections. Glycolipids make up ~50% of the polar lipids in the
C. difficile
membrane, a higher percentage than other common pathogens and include a unique glycolipid not present in other organisms. Here, we identify glycosyltransferases required for the synthesis of glycolipids in
C. difficile
and demonstrate the important role glycolipids play in
C. difficile
physiology.
Complete genome sequence of a virulent barcoded
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
str. Erdman commonly used for non-human primate infection studies
Authors: Marin Maximilian G. , Chase Michael R. , Quinones Natalia , Wakabayashi Shoko , Mugahid Douaa , Fortune Sarah M. , Farhat Maha R. , Chao Michael C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
is the etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB), which claims over a million lives per year. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a virulent barcoded
M. tuberculosis
Erdman strain that has been used extensively for non-human primate infection research studies, characterized using long- and short-read technologies.
Genome sequencing of a metallo-beta-lactamase-producing
Escherichia coli
Ne7 strain isolated from a patient with urinary tract infection in Ahvaz-Iran
Authors: Rasmi Hassan Ihab , Rezatofighi Seyedeh Elham , Motamedi Hossein , Rahman Md. Tanvir 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of an extensively drug-resistant and metallo-beta-lactamase-producing
Escherichia coli
Ne7 strain isolated from a urinary tract infection patient. Under the O8:H9 serotype and F phylogenetic group, this strain had a sequence type of ST648, five replicon plasmids, 16 virulence genes, and 21 antibiotic resistance genes.
Cost-effectiveness of health insurance among women engaged in transactional sex and impacts on HIV transmission in Cameroon: a mathematical model
Authors: Allel Kasim , Cust Henry , Mfochive Iliassou , Szawlowski Sandie , Nitcheu Emile , Tamgno Eric Defo , Moyoum Stephanie , Noo Julienne , Billong Serge , Tamoufe Ubald , Lepine Aurelia 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionHIV prevalence disproportionately affects high-risk populations, particularly female sex workers in Africa. Women and girls engaging in transactional sex (WGTS) face similar health risks from unsafe practices, economic vulnerabilities and stigma. However, they are not recognised.MethodsUsing existing literature and data from the POWER randomised controlled trial, we developed a deterministic compartmental model to assess HIV dynamics among WGTS, their sugar daddies and low-risk populations. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a new structural intervention to prevent HIV among WGTS in urban Cameroon by reducing the financial need to engage in transactional sex in the case of illness and injury shocks to the household. The intervention provided free healthcare to WGTS and their economic dependents through a zero-cost health insurance package. We explored the cost-effectiveness of this intervention considering various population coverage levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). We calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) and HIV infections averted, employing both univariable and global sensitivity analyses. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses considered all parameters, including the insurance effect in reducing HIV, comparing simulated ICERs to willingness-to-pay thresholds. We also compared the health insurance strategy with expanding pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) coverage. All costs were evaluated in 2023 UK pounds (£) using a 3% discount rate, with Cameroon’s gross domestic product (GDP) per capita recorded at £1239.ResultsImplementing health insurance coverage levels of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% yielded ICERs/DALY averted of £2795 (£2483—£2824), £2541 (£2370—£2592), £2263 (£2156—£2316) and £1952 (£1891—£1998), respectively, compared with 0% coverage. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated an ICER=£2128/DALY averted at 100% coverage, with 58% of simulations showing ICERs<GDP per capita. Maintaining health insurance’s effect in reducing HIV above 70% could provide significant health and economic benefits. However, antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficacy significantly impacted HIV infection prevention (partial rank correlation coefficient=−0.62, p<0.001) in global sensitivity analyses; expanding ART could reduce the cost-effectiveness of health insurance. While PrEP alone is not cost-effective, combining 20% PrEP coverage with 75%–100% health insurance for WGTS maximises DALYs averted (ICER/DALY averted=£2436–£2102) and reduces infections.ConclusionA comprehensive health insurance scheme for women in Cameroon could significantly reduce HIV infections and DALYs, promoting a more inclusive and targeted healthcare policy for women at high risk of HIV.
A fast inductance calculation method for equivalent circuit models of non-insulation superconducting coils
Authors: Peng Shuhao , Xu Qingchuan , Li Honglei , Huang Hua , Sheng Jie , Wang Xueliang , Li Songling , Jin Zhijian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To calculate the inductance of non-insulation superconducting coils fast and accurately is significant. The inductance of coils influences the charging–discharging characteristic and loss in process. The Neumann Formula is a traditional calculating method of inductance. The finite element method with software can also complete calculation, but these two methods have complex modeling process and consume much computational resource, especially the latter. This paper reserves the advantage of Neumann Formula in calculating inductance and combines it with the geometric mean distance principle, thus decreasing the computational quantity and also meeting the demand of accuracy. Besides, for non-insulation superconducting coils with D-shape, the method in this paper calculates self-inductance of every segment of coils and mutual inductance to fill in the inductance matrix of the equivalent circuit model, supporting the obtain of current of every wire in coils and voltage of total coils and other research demand.
PANoptosis‐Related Optimal Model (PROM): A Novel Prognostic Tool Unveiling Immune Dynamics in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Peng Jianming , Tong Leijie , Liang Rui , Yan Huisen , Jiang Xiuling , Dai Youai 
Published: February 2025

Background: PANoptosis, a recently characterized inflammatory programmed cell death modality orchestrated by the PANoptosome complex, integrates molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Although this pathway potentially mediates tumor progression, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains largely unexplored.Methods: Through comprehensive single‐cell transcriptomic profiling, we systematically identified critical PANoptosis‐associated gene signatures. Prognostic molecular determinants were subsequently delineated via univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. We constructed a PANoptosis‐related optimal model (PROM) through the integration of 10 machine learning algorithms. The model was initially developed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)‐LUAD cohort and subsequently validated across six independent LUAD cohorts. Model performance was evaluated using mean concordance index. Furthermore, we conducted extensive multiomics analyses to delineate differential pathway activation patterns and immune cell infiltration profiles between PROM‐stratified risk subgroups.Results: Cellular populations exhibiting elevated PANoptosis signatures demonstrated enhanced intercellular signaling networks. PROM demonstrated superior prognostic capability across multiple validation cohorts. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed area under the curve values exceeding 0.7 across all seven cohorts, with several achieving values above 0.8, indicating robust discriminative performance. The model score exhibited significant correlation with immunological parameters. Notably, high PROM scores were associated with attenuated immune responses, suggesting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Multiomics investigations revealed significant alterations in critical oncogenic pathways and immune landscape between PROM‐stratified subgroups.Conclusion: This investigation establishes PROM as a clinically applicable prognostic tool for LUAD risk stratification. Beyond its predictive utility, PROM elucidates PANoptosis‐associated immunological and biological mechanisms underlying LUAD progression. These findings provide novel mechanistic insights into LUAD pathogenesis and may inform the development of targeted therapeutic interventions and personalized treatment strategies to optimize patient outcomes.
The Relationship Between Staffing, Nurses’ Emotional Exhaustion, and Adverse Patient Events in Critical Care Units in Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Al Sabei Sulaiman , Qutishat Mohammed , Labrague Leodoro , Al-Rwajfah Omar , Burney Ikram , AbulRub Raeda 
Published: February 2025

Background: Ensuring safe practices remains a top priority for healthcare policymakers. However, limited evidence has examined the link between individual, work‐related factors, and patient safety within critical care units in Oman.Aim: To assess the relationship between staffing levels, job‐related emotional exhaustion, and adverse patient events among nurses working in critical care units.Design: A cross‐sectional study was conducted to collect data from critical care nurses in Oman. Nurses were recruited using a stratified proportional sampling method.Results: A total of 694 critical care nurses participated in the study. More than half (64.1%) of the critical care nurses experienced higher levels of emotional exhaustion. Significant predictors of adverse patient events included nurse staffing level (r = 0.09, p < 0.001), emotional exhaustion (β = 0.25, p < 0.001), hospital type (being affiliated with nonteaching hospitals) (p = 0.021), and nationality (β = −0.15, p < 0.001).Conclusion: The occurrence of nurse‐reported adverse events was associated with several key variables, including nurse staffing levels, emotional exhaustion, hospital type, and nationality.Implications for Nursing Management: To improve patient safety, healthcare policymakers should prioritize optimizing nurse staffing levels and implement strategies to reduce emotional exhaustion, particularly in nonteaching hospitals and among specific nurse demographics.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Patient‐Centered Care at Cancer Center: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: AL-Ruzzieh Majeda A. , AL-Helih Yahia M. , Ayaad Omar , Haroun Anas , Alnaimat Sumaiah 
Published: February 2025

Background: Patient‐centered care (PCC) plays a significant role in achieving patient and organizational outcomes such as enhancing providers’ reputations, enhancing productivity and morale among providers, ensuring effective resource allocation, and decreasing expenses and costs. This study aims at evaluation of PCC in oncology settings from patients, healthcare providers, and family members’ perspectives alongside with clinical observation.Method: The study employed a qualitative multimethods design utilizing purposive sampling. Semistructured interviews were conducted with patients, their families, and healthcare providers to gather diverse perspectives. Additionally, alongside with the interviews, the study involved conducting clinical observations within the patient unit. A hybrid thematic analysis approach was employed, combining both deductive and inductive methods. Deductive content analysis focused on examining predefined themes informed by existing literature, while inductive analysis allowed for the identification of emerging new insights and emerging patterns.Findings: This study showed that oncology patients had good experiences with most of the Institute of Medicine PCC domains. However, clinical observation showed that some things could be performed better, like how responsive and communicative the staff was. The frontline healthcare providers emphasized facilitators like proper training and clear policies, while also identifying barriers like workload and differing patient needs.Conclusion: The comprehensive evaluation affords healthcare leaders valuable information to enhance PCC within the oncology context. This paper discusses targeted strategies to improve PCC.