bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sharia based economics in support of Indonesia’s sustainable agricultural sector
Authors: Yazid F , Kamello T , Nasution Y , Ikhsan E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Agricultural sector plays an important role in Indonesian economic growth. The problem in the agricultural sector is among others the issue of capital for farmers. Sharia funding can be another option or as an alternative to financing in the agricultural sector. With the concept of interest free, the profit is based on profit sharing carried out after the transaction period ends. The formulation of this research problem is how the prospects and implementation of Sharia funding in the agricultural sector. The research method is empirical juridical. The results of the study showed that the agricultural sector was known to be quite risky, resulting in low financial institution funding commitments. Credit programs using the interest system show unsatisfactory results. As a result, this can lead to new problems such as increased farmer debt and bad credit. Conclusion of the study Sharia funding is prospective to strengthen capital in the agricultural sector. In its implementation, several types of cooperation can be carried out such as joint ventures, forms of partnerships, general trading, and agribusiness operational cooperation. Suggestions in this study are the intensive socialization of Sharia funding is needed as an alternative funding for the agricultural sector.
Management of agricultural land to support sustainable agriculture in North Sumatra
Authors: Firdaus M , Kamello T , Saidin O K 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Indonesia is an agricultural country with an abundant natural wealth of agricultural products. Moreover, it stays in a strategic geographical position, located in the tropical climate, and having high rainfall. Competent agricultural enterprise management can help in adapting to the ever-changing human needs. It can also maintain and even improve the quality of the environment. To maximize natural resource management, land management is a necessity. Land management is affected by several factors, namely society and its activities such as factory operations and activities. As society continues to develop, many lands have been misused. One of them is the conversion of agricultural lands into residential or infrastructural lands. The problem in this study is the management of agricultural land to support sustainable agriculture in North Sumatra. This research uses a normative juridical method through literature studies of laws and regulations on agriculture and spatial planning. The results show that the existence of unproductive agricultural lands and paddy land conversion to residential dwelling can be detrimental to farmers. In conclusion, agricultural land governance is needed to support sustainable agriculture in North Sumatra. The research suggests a need for regulations regarding the management of agricultural land in North Sumatra to realize sustainable agriculture.
Implementation of cooperation agreement on partnership and community development program at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III
Authors: Safnul D , Kamello T , Purba H , Ikhsan E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero) is a Government-Owned Enterprise Palm Oil and rubber plantation. It specially engaged in plantations, which is obliged to implement the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs, as regulated in the 2007 Constitution Number 40 concerning Limited Liability Companies and Government Regulation, as well as GOE Minister Regulation PER09/MBU/07/2015 concerning Community Development Programs (PCDP). It has developed social programs to improve the welfare of the locals living in the range of the plantations. This study was backgrounded to factors inhibiting PTPN III in implementing PCDP. This legal research uses a normative juridical approach. The results show that internal constraints, such as not having specialized staff assigned as surveyors to guarantee collateral has caused staff to concurrently act as a credit administration maker or partner assistance distributor which inhibit PCDP implementation. There are also a number of external constraints such as the public ignorance on PCDP. In conclusion, a synergy between the PCDP and partners as regulated by the 2003 Constitution Number 19 Article 88 Section (1) concerning GOEs is required. Simply, the research findings will make PCDP be able to prosper partners and locals.
Empowering refugees in livelihood opportunity program in the agricultural sector
Authors: Desiandri Y S , Suhaidi  , Ediwarman  , Leviza J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Refugees who are in Indonesia, do not have a job and only expect the cost of living provided by UNHCR and IOM. These costs are insufficient to meet daily needs. To provide opportunities to increase the cost of living, there is a livelihood opportunities program which aims to provide opportunities for refugees to have a more decent life. The agricultural sector can empower refugees in the livelihood opportunity program. By providing opportunity for refugees, it is hoped that the agricultural sector can increase the amount of production and make the lives of refugees more prosperous and can increase costs for their daily needs. The formulation of the problem in this research is how to enable the agricultural sector to empower refugees in the livelihood opportunity program. The research method used in this writing is a normative study. The research results show that it is difficult for the agricultural sector to empower refugees in livelihood opportunity because there are no legal rules governing it. The recommendation in this study is, it needs to be a special regulation that regulates refugees to carry out livelihood opportunity program in the agricultural sector that has potential in the Indonesian economy.
Factors affecting the FFB price of independent smallholder oil palm farmers in Jambi Province
Authors: Alamsyah Z , Napitupulu D , Hamid E , Yanita M , Fauzia G 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Smallholder plantations play an important role in oil palm development in Jambi Province with a contribution of 70.47 percent to the total area and 57.10 to total palm oil production. Most of the smallholder plantations are self-managed by independent smallholders whodo not get technical guidance from either government or private sector. Various problems are found in independent smallholders, one of which is the discrimination of the price of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) their produced. Price discrimination does not only occur between independent smallholders and plasma farmers, but also occurs between independent smallholders. This study seeks to express empirically the price differences and analyze the factors that influence it. Data were collected from 240 respondents spread across 12 villages in 3 districts of palm oil production centers and analyzed with a multiple linear regression model. The results of the study concluded that there is a significant difference between prices received by independent smallholders and prices received by plasma farmers and among independent smallholders. The price difference is significantly influenced by the quality factor of the seeds used, the amount of fertilizer use, the experience of farmers in farming and the marketing channels used.
Effect of comparison of roselle flower petals extract with passion fruit juice and konjac flour concentration on the quality of jelly drinks
Authors: Agnes T , Suhaidi I , Yusraini E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Jelly drinks are practical and nutritious drinks. The use of roselle flower petals extract, passion fruit juice, and konjac flour in jelly drinks serves to increase the nutritional content of jelly drinks. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the ratio of roselle flower petals extract with passion fruit juice and konjac flour concentration used on chemical properties and organoleptic quality of jelly drinks. The results showed that the ratio of roselle flower petals extract to passion fruit juice had a very significant effect on pH, total acid, vitamin C levels, colour (°Hue), colour organoleptic values, aroma organoleptic values, and flavour organoleptic values. Konjac flour concentration had a very significant effect on total acid, vitamin C levels, and total dissolved solids. The interaction effect of the ratio of roselle flower petals extract with passion fruit juice and konjac flour concentration had a very significant effect on total acid and vitamin C levels. The ratio of roselle flower petals extract and passion fruit juice 80%: 20% and konjac flour concentration of 1.8% produced the best quality jelly drink.
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of egg roll from composite flour (mocaf, breadfruit flour, orange sweet potato flour, breadfruit starch, and orange sweet potato starch)
Authors: Fahiera Z , Nurminah M , Karo-Karo T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the formulation of composite flour from mocaf, breadfruit flour, orange sweet potato flour, breadfruit flour and orange sweet potato flour in making good quality egg rolls. The analysis was carried out using a completely randomized design with a composite flour formulation consisting of 8 composite flour treatments and 1 control treatment. The analysed parameters were ash content, moisture content, fat content, fibre content, protein content, carbohydrate content and colour. The suitable egg roll formulation was evaluated based on de-garmo method amongst several parameters (moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, hedonic content dan colour value). It was concluded that, composite flour formulations of 40% mocaf, 20% breadfruit flour, 20% orange sweet potato flour, 10% breadfruit starch, and 10% orange sweet potato starch produced the best egg rolls. The finding research suggests that wheat flour can be replaced by other flours for egg roll making.
Physicochemical characteristics of food bar from composite flour (modified breadfruit, purple sweet potato, mocaf, and saga seeds)
Authors: Fadhlan A , Nurminah M , Karo-Karo T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Food bars are food products that can are solid and are classified as semi-wet products or intermediate moisture food and can be developed while still paying attention to adequate calories, nutrients needed by the body, practical, can reduce hunger, and is in the form of solid food. Our concern was looking for the flour from local resource plants, like composite flour from modified breadfruit flour, purple sweet potato flour, mocaf flour, and saga seed flour. The analysis was carried out using a non factorial complete randomized design, food bars with composite flour formulations (modified breadfruit flour, purple sweet potato flour, mocaf flour, and saga seed flour) (P); (40:30:30:0, 35:35:25:5, 30:40:20:10, 25:45:15:15, 100% modified breadfruit flour, 100% purple sweet potato flour, 100% mocaf flour, and 100% wheat flour). The final results of the study showed that food bar with composite flour formulations (35:35:25:5) produced the best quality food bar in terms of colour (brightness), protein content, fibre content, fat content, carbohydrate content, and de-Garmo method.
The effect of different non-dairy creamer on ready-to-drink milk coffee
Authors: Fibrianto K , Maharani Y 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Milk coffee is greatly favourable instant-coffee among societies as the demand for it is considerably high as it mostly serves blended flavours. RTD (ready-to-drink) milk coffee is one of coffee drink that provide practical value to consumers. Creamer is one of important ingredient used in RTD-milk coffee. Every creamer has different properties which affect the final taste and mouthfeel of the products. This current study was aimed to investigate the effect of non-dairy creamer on sensory profile of RTD-milk coffee. The sensory profile was studied by the JAR (Just-About-Right) method involving 40 respondents. Protein, fat, and total soluble solids as well as viscosity and colour analysis were also assessed. Based on Principal Component Analysis on physical and chemical properties as well as sensory profile, it can be concluded that all non-dairy creamer tested in this study are not sufficiently able to replace the dairy creamer due to their higher fat content (p-value <0.05). Nonetheless, the FM878 is selected among non-dairy creamer as added ingredient for RTD-milk coffee based on JAR analysis.
Simulation of natural drying kinetics of carrot (Daucus carota L) on thickness variation
Authors: Haryanto B , Sinuhaji T R F , Tarigan E A , Tarigan M B , Sitepu N A Br 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Drying is an easy method to apply and dependent on the type of sample on drying in food preservation. Natural drying uses simple materials and equipment. Sunlight uses as an energy resource to dry the sample. In this research, carrot used as drying samples with thickness variations. After 8 days, the largest weight loss value was found in sample 3 with a total reduction of 16.76 mg then, sample 2 was 8.64 mg and sample 3 was 5.10 mg. The best conditions for drying materials are open with directly exposed to direct sunlight with the average temperature was 31 °C. That was in comparing with sample in a room condition naturally at 27 °C and during raining at 25 °C. This study obtained that the kinetic drying models on carrot impacted by the sample thickness, the adding of drying time, and temperature of the drying operation area.
The response of several combination of plant growth regulators to shoot induction of fig (Ficus carica L.) var. improved celeste
Authors: Pratiwi R S D , Siregar L A M , Hanum C 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Improved Celeste is one of the common types of fig and potential to be cultivated in Indonesia. This research aimed to study the effect of several combinations of plant growth regulators on shoot induction of fig var. Improved Celeste. The research was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Food Crops and Horticulture, Gedung Johor, North Sumatra, Medan. The research using a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The treatment of plant growth regulators (PGR) consisted of 4 levels, namely, MS media+ 0.5 BAP, MS media + 1 BAP, MS media + 0.5 BAP + 0.1 IBA, and MS media + 2 BAP + 0.2 IBA. The results showed that the best plant growth regulators in promoting shoot formation at the induction stage of fig var. Improved Celeste is MS media + 2 BAP + 0.2 IBA.
Effect of ratio of oyster mushroom with straw mushroom and the type of filling flour on the quality of natural seasoning
Authors: Simanungkalit R , Karo-Karo T , Suhaidi I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Seasoning is one of food additives that needed to improve the taste of food. Natural seasoning can be obtained from plants, one of them is mushroom, especially from the class Basidiomycota. The purpose of this research to find the effect of ratio of oyster mushroom with straw mushroom and the type of filling flour on the quality of natural seasoning. This research was using factorial completely randomized design with two factors, i.e: ratio of oyster mushroom with straw mushroom (J): (20%:80%; 40%:60%; 60%:40%; 80%:20%) and type of filling flour (P): (wheat flour, rice flour, cornflour, cipera). The results showed that the ratio of oyster mushroom with straw mushroom had highly significant effect on water content, fat content, and brightness. Type of filling flour had highly significant effect on brightness, protein, fat, and crude fibre content. Interaction of two factors had highly significant effect on water, fat, and crude fibre content. The ratio of oyster mushroom with straw mushroom that is 60%:40% and cipera as filling flour (J3P4) produced the best quality of this research that obtained by deGarmo methods.
Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activities of ethanol extract and ethyl acetic extract of “sikam’s” barks (Bischofia javanica BL)
Authors: Ati R K M , Julianti E , Lubis Z 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sikam’s barks (Bischofia javanica BL) are used as seasoning by Simalungun People. People use it for nahi nasumbah. Nahi nasumbah is a kind of food that is made from fresh meat or undercooked meat. There have never been reports of food poisoning as a result of consuming it. This research was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical and antioxidant activities of ethanol extract and ethyl acetic extract of Bischofia javanica BL barks. The screening was performed for phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, steroids/terpenoids, and alkaloids. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH Method. The study of phytochemical screening indicated that ethanol extract contains phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and ethyl acetic extract contains steroids/terpenoids. The antioxidant capacity indicated that IC50 ethanol extract of Bischofia javanica BL barks was 1,658 ppm and IC50 ethyl acetic extract of Bischofia javanica BL barks was 147.553 ppm. The results show that ethyl acetic extract activity is stronger than ethanol extract.
Application of heat transfer equations during unsteady-state condition to Indonesian cooked fermented soybean (Tempeh) in boiling and during cooling period
Authors: Yusraini E , Karo-Karo T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Tempeh originated from Indonesia. This nutritious food usually served after boiled, fried, steamed, or baked. The time duration to cook tempeh needs to analyses, especially to maintain its nutritional benefits. This study aimed to test the unsteady-state heat transfer equation’s suitability based on the Schneider chart during tempeh’s boiling and cooling. The stick-shaped tempeh using banana leaf packaging was cut to a size of 2 cm. The temperature at the centre of the tempeh during the heat and air penetration was measured every two minutes using a digital thermometer. The cp and k equations for predicting tempeh’s thermal diffusivity during the boiling and cooling time were not suitable. It resulted in inaccuracy in predicting the temperature inside the geometric centre in the experimental data using unsteady-state equations. The line equation based on experimental data at the boiling time was yb = -1.91 x2 + 23.69 x + 27.68; R2 =0.99 and during the cooling time was yc = 0.57 x2 - 10.37 x + 96.75; R2 = 0.99.
The potential of Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta
L.) and Dahlia (Dahlia spp L.) from Indonesia as prebiotic compound
Authors: Hilman A , Harmayani E , Cahyanto M N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta L) and dahlia (Dahlia L) are local plants that grow in Indonesia. This research was conducted to obtain the yield, inulin content, solubility, and white degree of gembili and dahlia by hot water, ethanol extraction, and compared by inulin commercial. This study used a completely randomized design with factorial, i.e., gembili from Gunungkidul and Sukoharjo; dahlia from Cibodas and Berastagi. The results showed that inulin extract of gembili gunungkidul, gembili sukoharjo, dahlia cibodas, and dahlia berastagi had a yield 10.84%, 10.53%, 29.00%, and 28.33%. The result showed that the inulin extract of samples was significantly different (P<0.05) on solubility and white degree. The results indicated that both gembili and dahlia contain inulin. The amount of inulin content of dahlia samples was higher in both dahlia cibodas and dahlia berastagi (21.84% and 21.14% db) than inulin gembili samples. Inulin extract from dahlia samples had higher solubility in both dahlia cibodas and dahlia berastagi (98.33% and 97.97% db) than inulin gembili models. However, the color test of inulin extract from gembili was lightness than inulin dahlia samples. It can be concluded that dahlia and gembili from Indonesia are potentially used as prebiotic sources.
Bioeconomic analysis of mackerel (Rastrelliger spp) in the Belawan Gabion Ocean Fishing Port, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Fadhilah A , Lorenza Y Y , Leidonald R , Siregar R F 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Mackerel is a small pelagic fish with high economic value. Many fishermen catch mackerel in large scale to get high profits, so there is a concern that overfishing will occur in the future. This research was conducted to determine the potential size of mackerel fish resources from a bioeconomic analysis that consists of biological aspects (MSY) and economic aspects (MEY) and as well as the magnitude of the actual and optimal levels of mackerel fish utilization. This research used Gordon Schaefer Bioeconomic Model and the Slovin method with 85% confidence level in taking respondents by purposive sampling. The optimal utilization rate of mackerel does not exceed the MSY value which was 3,208,9724 tonnes/year, and there is under the TAC value, which is 80% of the MSY value. The next management effort can take carried out based on bioeconomic analysis were a reduction in the level of effort by 3683 trips and a reduction in the number of catches by 1,861 tons so that the water resources will be sustainable again. This can be done by limiting the fishing fleet.
Diversity and cover percents of macroalgae species in intertidal zone of Pane
Authors: Dewinta A F , Halomoan Y T , Susetya I E , Yusni E , Fadhilah A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Macroalgae or often referred to as seaweed is very abundant in Indonesian waters especially sea waters, including in Central Tapanuli. But it is unfortunate because not many people know about it, even though the seaweed has many benefits. This study aims to determine the amount of macroalgae cover and their diversity on one island in Central Tapanuli, namely Pane Island. This research was conducted from July to September 2019 in intertidal zone of Pane island with three observations, once a month. At the study site, three macroalgae classes were found consisting of six species, namely Sargassum crassifolium, Sargassum cristaefolium, Halimeda macroloba, Padina minor, Turbinaria decurrens and Hypnea pannosa. The highest macroalgae cover percent is occupied by Phaeophyta division and the lowest macroalgae cover percent is occupied by Rhodophyta division.
Morphology and condition factor of signal barb fish (Labiobarbus festivus) at the Tasik River, South Labuhanbatu Regency, Sumatra Utara Province
Authors: Desrita  , Yanti R , Rambey R , Yusni E , Hasibuan J S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the morphometric and meristic characteristics, growth of Signal barb fish in the Tasik river. The method used in this research is a survey method. Morphometric characteristics of Signal barb fish Bodyweight (BW) ranges from 4-73 gr, Total Length (TL), Standard Length 6.3-15.5 mm (SL), Head Length (HL) 1.8-2.5, Snout Length (SL) 0.5, Dorsal Fin Height (DFH) 2.3, Dorsal Fin Length (DFL) 3-7, Eye Diameter (EM) 0.8, Tail Trunk Height (TTH) 0.8-1.8, Body Height (BH) 2-4.5, Pectoral Fin Length (PFL) 2 cm and Belly Fin Length (BFL) 2 cm. The meristic characteristics of Signal barb fish are the number of Linnea Literalis (LL) as many as 35-38 scale, 13 Circular Body Scales (CBS), 11-13 Front Fin Dorsal Scales (FFDS), the Scales Around the Tail (SAT) a total of 5, Dorsal Fin (DF) of DI. 23-26 fin radii, Ventral Fin (VF) of 9 fin radii, Pectoral Fin (PF) of 11-14, Anal Fin (AF) a total of 7 fin radii and a Caudal Fin (CF) a total of 20-22 fin radii. The growth pattern of signal barb fish in the Tasik River is negative allometric with the condition factor value an average value of 0.42