bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult exposure to ocean acidification and warming leads to limited beneficial responses for oyster larvae
Authors: Gibbs Mitchell C , Parker Laura M , Scanes Elliot , Byrne Maria , O’Connor Wayne A , Ross Pauline M 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThere is a need to understand the responses of marine molluscs in this era of rapid climate change. Transgenerational plasticity that results in resilient offspring provides a mechanism for rapid acclimation of marine organisms to climate change. This study tested the hypothesis that adult parental exposure to elevated pCO2 and warming will have transgenerational benefits for offspring in the oysters Saccostrea glomerata and Crassostrea gigas. Adult S. glomerata and C. gigas were exposed to orthogonal treatments of ambient and elevated pCO2, and ambient and elevated temperature for 8 weeks. Gametes were collected and fertilized, larvae were then reared for 9 days under ambient and elevated pCO2. Egg lipidome and larval morphology and lipidome were measured. Parental exposure to warming and elevated pCO2 led to limited beneficial transgenerational responses for eggs and larvae of S. glomerata and C. gigas. Overall, larvae of S. glomerata were more sensitive than C. gigas, and both species had some capacity for transgenerational plasticity. This study supports the idea that transgenerational plasticity acts as an acclimatory mechanism for marine organisms to cope with the stress of climate change, but there are limitations, and it may not be a panacea or act equally in different species.
Status of Indian marine fish stocks: modelling stock biomass dynamics in multigear fisheries
Authors: Sathianandan T V , Mohamed Kolliyil Sunil , Jayasankar Jayaraman , Kuriakose Somy , Mini K G , Varghese Eldho , Zacharia P U , Kaladharan P , Najmudeen T M , Koya Mohammed K , Sasikumar Geetha , Bharti Vivekanand , Rohit Prathibha , Maheswarudu G , Sindhu K Augustine , Sreepriya V , Alphonsa Joseph , Deepthi A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A biomass dynamics modelling study to derive biological reference points and management requirements of 223 commercially important fish stocks in different maritime states of India was conducted. Two decades (1997–2016) of fishery-related data on the harvest of resources by different types of fishing fleets formed the input. The multigear nature of the fishery situation was solved by introducing a gear standardization parameter into the biomass dynamics model. The relative positions of the fish stocks were depicted through Kobe plots generated for the ten maritime states/union territory, and the fish stocks were categorized, based on the status, into sustainable, overfished, recovering, and overfishing. The results indicate that 34.1% of the assessed fish stocks in the country are sustainable, 36.3% are overfished, 26.5% are recovering, and 3.1% are in the overfishing status. Regionally, the percentage of sustainable fish stocks were high along the southwest coast (51.6%), overfished stocks were high along the northwest coast (54.2%), and recovering fish stocks were high along the northeast coast (47.8%). The national mean B/BMSY was estimated as 0.86, which is a strong reason for strengthening fisheries management. Fishing fleets harvesting overfished stocks were examined for each maritime state, and recommendations regarding reduction in annual fishing hours are made.
The personal is political: The feminist critique of liberalism and the challenge of right-wing populism
Authors: Stopler Gila 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The recent democratic backsliding and the decline of liberal hegemony have generated different explanations for the turn away from liberal democracy. This article offers an explanation based on the feminist critique of structural and theoretical flaws within liberalism and argues that these flaws are used effectively by right-wing populism to endanger liberal democracy. Using feminist critiques of political liberalism, including critiques of the public/private and political/non-political distinctions, the article claims that the liberal choice to allow the flourishing of bigotry and intolerance in the private sphere and to require respect for equality only in the public sphere has made liberalism vulnerable to the right-wing populist attack. Political liberalism has rejected the feminist call to recognize that the personal is political and has relied on political institutions and processes as barriers against illiberalism. Liberal states applying these principles are therefore ill equipped to fight right-wing populists who rally their supporters around the promise to do away with political institutions and to let the populist leaders turn their private prejudices into public policy. The article calls for a redrawing of the lines between the political and non-political, and between the public and the private, to meet the challenge of right-wing populism.
Coupling kinetic models and advection–diffusion equations. 1. Framework development and application to sucrose translocation and metabolism in sugarcane
Authors: Uys Lafras , Hofmeyr Jan-Hendrik S , Rohwer Johann M 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe sugarcane stalk, besides being the main structural component of the plant, is also the major storage organ for carbohydrates. Previous studies have modelled the sucrose accumulation pathway in the internodal storage parenchyma of sugarcane using kinetic models cast as systems of ordinary differential equations. To address the shortcomings of these models, which did not include subcellular compartmentation or spatial information, the present study extends the original models within an advection–diffusion–reaction framework, requiring the use of partial differential equations to model sucrose metabolism coupled to phloem translocation. We propose a kinetic model of a coupled reaction network where species can be involved in chemical reactions and/or be transported over long distances in a fluid medium by advection or diffusion. Darcy’s law is used to model fluid flow and allows a simplified, phenomenological approach to be applied to translocation in the phloem. Similarly, generic reversible Hill equations are used to model biochemical reaction rates. Numerical solutions to this formulation are demonstrated with time-course analysis of a simplified model of sucrose accumulation. The model shows sucrose accumulation in the vacuoles of stalk parenchyma cells, and is moreover able to demonstrate the upregulation of photosynthesis in response to a change in sink demand. The model presented is able to capture the spatio-temporal evolution of the system from a set of initial conditions by combining phloem flow, diffusion, transport of metabolites between compartments and biochemical enzyme-catalysed reactions in a rigorous, quantitative framework that can form the basis for future modelling and experimental design.
Retrospective Analysis of Quality Control Data Using Pooled Blood to Compare Agreement within Two Models of Blood Gas Analyzers
Authors: Toffaletti John G , Buckner Kelly A , Liu Beiyu , Green Cynthia L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Two previous reports from the same group concluded that the analytical reliability of Instrumentation Laboratory GEM4000 analyzers (GEM4K) deteriorated during a 24-hour period, based on results between samples from the same patient but collected at different times. Our routine blood gas Between-Laboratory Survey is done every 2 weeks using a freshly pooled heparinized blood sample taken to each analyzer location to verify comparability among our GEM4K and Radiometer ABL90 (Rad90) blood gas analyzers. Because another report found a few very large differences in glucose results between the GEM4K and central laboratory analyzers, we reviewed the glucose results on plasma from our Chemistry Between-Laboratory Surveys that includes comparisons between our central laboratory analyzers (Beckman DxC800; DxC800) and our GEM4K and Rad90 blood gas analyzers.

Method
Using data from our Blood Gas and Chemistry Surveys over a 55-week period, we calculated the mean, standard deviation (SD), and concentration intervals of the 27 sets of results by the GEM4K or Rad90 analyzers. Agreement in plasma glucose between DxC800 and blood gas analyzers was evaluated by the limits of agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient analysis.

Results
For each analyte, the Rad90 had lower average SD than the GEM4K for the 55-week period, although both brands of analyzers showed acceptable performance. For plasma glucose results on our Chemistry Survey, the GEM4K results agreed more closely with the DxC800 results than the Rad90 results.

Conclusions
Based on both our Blood Gas and Chemistry Surveys, we conclude that both brands of analyzers performed within analytically and clinically acceptable limits throughout the year, with no evidence for the type of errors reported previously.
Transient performance of a solar humidification–dehumidification desalination system based on hollow fiber membrane
Authors: Zhang Ning , Yin Shao-You , Vafai Kambiz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Solar humidification–dehumidification desalination system based on hollow fiber membrane is a promising method to produce drinkable water from brine due to its abilities for low primary energy consumption and pollution prevention for the liquid seawater droplets. As operating conditions change with temporal weather conditions, a dynamic model of this desalination system is developed and experimentally validated in this study. Transient performance is investigated and a regulation strategy is proposed. It is found that the startup time can be reduced substantially by decreasing the mean pore diameter, porosity of the membrane, solar collector area, and volume of the seawater in the storage tank, and increasing the packing fractions of the humidifier. The specific freshwater production (SWP) rate at the equilibrium state grows with longer mean pore diameter, higher porosity of the membrane, more solar collector areas, and less packing fractions of the humidifier. SWP is basically constant with different volumes of the seawater in the storage tank. Variations of solar radiation cause the low freshwater production and high energy consumption especially in the morning and afternoon. Utilizing our model, the hour-by-hour adjustment is also established. The accumulated water production in 1 day can be increased by 13.5% and the energy consumption can decrease by over 23% based on decreasing flow rates of the seawater in the morning and increasing flow rates of the cooling water in the afternoon. The proposed dynamic model will be helpful for the daily regulation of the seawater desalination system and a better performance can be realized.
Knowledge-based relational search in cultural heritage linked data
Authors: Hyvönen Eero , Rantala Heikki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article presents a new knowledge-based approach for finding interesting semantic relations between resources in a knowledge graph (KG). The idea is to characterize the notion of ‘interesting connection’ in terms of generic ontological explanation patterns that are applied to an underlying linked data repository to instantiate connections. In this way, (1) semantically uninteresting connections can be ruled out effectively and (2) natural language explanations about the connections can be created for the end-user. The idea has been implemented and tested based on a KG of biographical data extracted from the life stories of 13,144 prominent historical persons in Finland, enriched by data linking to collection databases of museums, libraries, and archives. The demonstrator is in use as part of the BiographySampo portal of interlinked biographies.
Stark broadening of Fe V spectral lines: 4s–4p transitions
Authors: Hamdi Rafik , Ben Nessib Nabil , Sahal-Bréchot Sylvie , Dimitrijević Milan S 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Using the impact semiclassical perturbation approach, widths and shifts of the 4s–4p configuration of Fe V spectral line profiles due to collisions with electrons, H+, He+, and He2 + ions, have been calculated in the physical conditions of hot white dwarfs. Energy levels and oscillator strengths needed for the calculation have been obtained by using the Hartree–Fock method with relativistic corrections. The results may be of interest not only for spectroscopic diagnostics in astrophysics, but also for laboratory plasmas, and technological plasmas. The obtained results will enter the STARK-B data base which is in free access and which is a node of the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Center – VAMDC.
Report of National Brain Tumor Society roundtable workshop on innovating brain tumor clinical trials: building on lessons learned from COVID-19 experience
Authors: Lee Eudocia Q , Selig Wendy , Meehan Clair , Bacha Jeffrey , Barone Amy , Bloomquist Erik , Chang Susan M , de Groot John F , Galanis Evanthia , Hassan Islam , Kalidas Chitkala , Khasraw Mustafa , Kvedar Joseph C , Lassman Andrew B , Puduvalli Vinay , Sahebjam Solmaz , Schwamm Lee H , Tamir Sharon , Welch Mary , Yung W K Alfred , Zadeh Gelareh , Arons David , Wen Patrick Y 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
On July 24, 2020, a workshop sponsored by the National Brain Tumor Society was held on innovating brain tumor clinical trials based on lessons learned from the COVID-19 experience. Various stakeholders from the brain tumor community participated including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), academic and community clinicians, researchers, industry, clinical research organizations, patients and patient advocates, and representatives from the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the National Cancer Institute. This report summarizes the workshop and proposes ways to incorporate lessons learned from COVID-19 to brain tumor clinical trials including the increased use of telemedicine and decentralized trial models as opportunities for practical innovation with potential long-term impact on clinical trial design and implementation.
Over-projected Pacific warming and extreme El Niño frequency due to CMIP5 common biases
Authors: Tang Tao , Luo Jing-Jia , Peng Ke , Qi Li , Tang Shaolei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Extreme El Niño events severely disrupt the global climate, causing pronounced socio-economic losses. A prevailing view is that extreme El Niño events, defined by total precipitation or convection in the Niño3 area, will increase 2-fold in the future. However, this projected change was drawn without removing the potential impacts of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) models’ common biases. Here, we find that the models’ systematic biases in simulating tropical climate change over the past century can reduce the reliability of the projected change in the Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) and its related extreme El Niño frequency. The projected Pacific SST change, after removing the impacts of 13 common biases, displays a ‘La Niña-like’ rather than ‘El Niño-like’ change. Consequently, the extreme El Niño frequency, which is highly linked to the zonal distribution of the Pacific SST change, would remain mostly unchanged under CMIP5 warming scenarios. This finding increases confidence in coping with climate risks associated with global warming.
Psychiatric Comorbidity and Multimorbidity in the EAGLES Trial: Descriptive Correlates and Associations With Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events, Treatment Adherence, and Smoking Cessation
Authors: Correa John B , Lawrence David , McKenna Benjamin S , Gaznick Natassia , Saccone Phillip A , Dubrava Sarah , Doran Neal , Anthenelli Robert M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Psychiatric and substance use disorders represent barriers to smoking cessation. We sought to identify correlates of psychiatric comorbidity (CM; 2 diagnoses) and multimorbidity (MM; 3+ diagnoses) among smokers attempting to quit and to evaluate whether these conditions predicted neuropsychiatric adverse events (NPSAEs), treatment adherence, or cessation efficacy (CE).

Aims and Methods
Data were collected from November 2011 to January 2015 across sixteen countries and reflect the psychiatric cohort of the EAGLES trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive varenicline, bupropion, nicotine replacement therapy, or placebo for 12 weeks and were followed for an additional 12 weeks posttreatment. NPSAE outcomes reflected 16 moderate-to-severe neuropsychiatric symptom categories, and CE outcomes included continuous abstinence at weeks 9–12 and 9–24.

Results
Of the 4103 participants included, 36.2% were diagnosed with multiple psychiatric conditions (20.9% CM, 15.3% MM). Psychiatric CM and MM were associated with several baseline factors, including male gender, nonwhite race or ethnicity, more previous quit attempts, and more severe mental health symptoms. The incidence of moderate-to-severe NPSAEs was significantly higher (p &lt; .01) in participants with MM (11.9%) than those with CM (5.1%) or primary diagnosis only (4.6%). There were no significant (ps &gt; .05) main effects or interactions with treatment condition for diagnostic grouping on treatment adherence or CE outcomes.

Conclusions
While having multiple psychiatric diagnoses increased risk of developing moderate-to-severe NPSAEs during a quit attempt, neither CM nor MM were associated with treatment adherence or odds of quitting. These findings reassure providers to advise smokers with multiple stable psychiatric conditions to consider using Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications when trying to quit.

Implications
Psychiatric MM may be associated with development of NPSAEs when smokers make a medication-assisted quit attempt, but it does not appear to be differentially associated with medication compliance or efficacy. Prescribing healthcare professionals are encouraged to not only promote use of FDA-approved pharmacotherapies by smokers with complex psychiatric presentations, but also to closely monitor such smokers for neuropsychiatric side effects that may be related to their mental health conditions.

NCT #
NCT01456936.
Vitamin D Levels in Mother–Baby Pairs: A Cross-Sectional Prospective Study in a Rwandan Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Rutagarama Florent , Muganga Raymond , Konrad Katja , Teteli Raissa , Semakula Muhammed , Musafili Aimable , Laigong Paul , Mutesa Leon 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Exposure to the sunlight contributes largely to the production of vitamin D. However, vitamin D deficiency is a reality in tropical countries, despite enjoying enough sunlight, especially bearing women in their last trimester whose foetuses exclusively depend on their reserves. This work aimed at demonstrating the state of vitamin D in mother–baby pairs and associated factors in one of the University Hospitals in Rwanda.

Methods
This cross-sectional prospective study was performed on mother–baby pairs at Kigali University Hospital. Mother’s serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were considered as outcomes compared with demographic, clinical and biological markers. Correlation analysis was conducted in order to assess the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels for the couple mothers–babies.

Results
Approximately 38% of women and 65% of neonates had deficiency in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (&lt;20 ng/ml). The use of a vitamin D rich diet within 24 h recall (p &lt; 0.01) or 1 week recall (p &lt; 0.001) before delivery was associated with appropriate vitamin D levels in mothers. Interestingly, a strong positive correlation was found between maternal and neonatal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (r = 0.760).

Conclusions
There was a high rate of vitamin D deficiency in mothers and their babies. Babies born from women with deficiency were likely to develop low levels of vitamin D. This stresses on the need to strengthen the interventions for preventing vitamin D deficiency in the couple mothers–babies such as supplement in vitamin D before and after delivery, improving the quality of meals and regular contact with sunlight.
Yu ping feng san for pediatric allergic rhinitis
Authors: Liao Yong , Zhong Juan , Liu Shuqin , Dai Menglin , Liu Yang , Li Xinrong , Yang Yepeng , Zhang Dazheng , Lai Dan , Lu Tao , Zhang Qinxiu , Zhao Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background:
The potential treatment effects and safety of Yu ping feng san (YPFS) for pediatric allergic rhinitis (PAR) patients have yet to be studied systematically.

Objectives:
To assess the effects and safety of YPFS for treat pediatric patients, allergic rhinitis.

Methods:
We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE (Excerpta Medical Database), Cochrane library, Chinese Cochrane Centre's Controlled Trials Register platform, Wanfang Chinese Digital Periodical and Conference Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, and VIP Chinese Science, from inception dates to November 1, 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The risk of bias in the trials was assessed in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook, version 5.1.0. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform a meta-analysis. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was applied to evaluate the evidence quality for each outcome. The quality of evidence for each outcome measurement was low for 4 outcomes and very low for 5 outcomes.

Results:
A total of 10 RCTs involving 1069 participants (3–15 years old) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. After exclusion, 8 RCTs were pooled for efficacy assessment. The overall efficacy evaluation result did not show benefit for the experimental group (relative risk 0.32, CI 95% 0.24–0.45; P = .98;) Investigation of variation of serum IgA, immunoglobulin E, IgG in three studies in 2 groups returned no statistical significance. YPFS gave relatively better safety (relative risk 0.29, CI 95% 0.14–0.58; P = .0005; Fig. S8, http://links.lww.com/MD/F751) and lower recurrence rates than did Western medical therapy.

Conclusions:
Current evidence cannot support the routine use of YPFS for treatment of PAR. This may be due to poor-quality study-design limitations of the included YPFS studies. Our data showed that the use of YPFS for PAR is relatively safe compared to Western medical therapy, but a conclusion could not be drawn because only 5 studies were analyzed. Every study suffered from some methodological limitation. Therefore, further large, rigorously-designed studies are necessary to determine conclusively the utility of YPFS in PAR.