bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variable impact of compost on phosphorus dynamics in organic dryland soils following a one‐time application
Authors: Atoloye Idowu A. , Jacobson Astrid , Creech Earl , Reeve Jennifer 
Published: May 2021

AbstractProlonged benefits following a single application of compost in organic dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the western United States have been documented, including the long‐term bioavailability of phosphorus (P). Information on the bioavailability and forms of P following a one‐time compost application in marginal organic agroecosystems with low and infrequent use of fertilizers is required to promote sustainability. The goal of this study was to evaluate changes in Hedley P pools following a one‐time application of manure compost and its potential influence on short‐term (3‐yr) P bioavailability. Steer manure compost at 0, 25, and 50 Mg dry weight ha–1 was applied to two organic dryland sites, Snowville and Blue Creek, with contrasting soil characteristics in northern Utah in a randomized complete block design. Potential phosphatase assays, a laboratory aerobic incubation study, and soil P fractionations were carried out to assess the transformation of P 1 and 3 yr after a one‐time compost application. At 0–10 cm, compost application resulted in increased acid phosphatase at Snowville (67.3 vs. 42.7 μg p‐nitrophenol g–1 soil, p = .003), while alkaline phosphatase increased at Blue Creek (124 vs. 49 μg p‐nitrophenol g–1 soil, p = .0185). The path coefficient between compost P and Hedley labile inorganic P was significant at Snowville, but not at Blue Creek, suggesting that the pathways of P differed between the sites. The Hedley stable P pool was a sink of compost P at Snowville but a source at Blue Creek. In conclusion, our work shows that a one‐time compost application had a differential effect on the variation in P dynamics in organic dryland winter wheat–fallow soils. The potential long‐term benefits may be greater in semiarid soils with lower available P levels, higher carbonate levels and pH, and drier conditions.
Assessing the Effects of Common Topical Exposures on Skin Bacteria Associated with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Castillo C. R. , Alishahedani M. E. , Gough P. , Chaudhary P. P. , Yadav M. , Matriz J. , Myles I. A. 
Published: May 2021

Summary

Background
While patients and families struggling with atopic dermatitis (AD) have documented concerns for a contributory role of skin care products in AD pathology, nearly all the skin microbiome studies to date have asked participants to avoid topical products (such as soaps or select medications) for the preceding days to weeks prior to sample collection. Thus, given the established role of the microbiome in AD, the interactions between topical exposures, dysbiosis and AD remains underrepresented in the academic literature.

Objectives
To address this knowledge gap, we expanded our previous evaluations to test the toxicological effects of a broader range of common chemicals, AD treatment lotions, creams and ointments using both health- and AD-associated strains of Roseomonas mucosa and Staphylococcus spp.

Methods
Use of in vitro culture techniques and mouse models were deployed to identify chemicals with dysbiotic or pre-biotic potential. A proof-of-concept study was subsequently performed in healthy volunteers to assess global microbiome shifts after exposure to select chemicals using dermatologic patch testing.

Results
Numerous chemicals possessed antibiotic properties, including many not marketed as anti-microbials. Through targeted combination of potentially beneficial chemicals, we identified combinations which promoted the growth of health-associated isolates over disease-associated strains in bacterial culture and enhanced microbe-specific outcomes in an established mouse model of AD; the most promising of which was the combination of citral and colophonium (often sold as lemon myrtle oil and pine tar). Additional studies would likely further optimize the combination of ingredients use. Similar results were seen in the proof-of-concept human studies.

Conclusions
Our results could offer a systematic, multiplex approach to identify which products carry dysbiotic potential and thus may guide formulation of new topicals to benefit patients with AD.
Quantitative software project management with mixed data: A comparison of radial, nonradial, and ensemble data envelopment analysis models
Authors: Pendharkar Parag C. , Rodger James A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractData envelopment analysis (DEA) models are often used for benchmarking software projects, and traditional DEA models only allow for the use of continuous variables. This study considers the use of DEA for datasets with mixed continuous and discrete variables to ranking software projects. It uses the existing radial DEA model and extends the nonradial DEA model to allow for the use of mixed variables. Further efficiency scores from the two DEA models are averaged in an ensemble DEA score. Using three real‐world software engineering datasets, this study finds that the nonradial DEA and the ensemble DEA models have better discriminating power (lower tied efficiency scores) to rank software projects, and the radial DEA model generates more general ranking distribution (higher entropy) of normalized efficiency scores. The choice between selecting radial and nonradial DEA models for ranking software projects appears to depend on the extent to which managers want to introduce bias into the efficiency score ranking distribution. Radial models appear to have a lower bias than nonradial models. The ensemble DEA model appears to be the best performing DEA model for datasets containing two or more discrete and continuous variables.
LncRNA NCK1‐AS1 exerts oncogenic property in gastric cancer by targeting the miR‐22‐3p/BCL9 axis to activate the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Guan Bugao , Ma Jun , Yang Zhi , Yu Fei , Yao Jian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert crucial effects on the development of many malignancies, including gastric cancer. Herein, we investigated the role of lncRNA noncatalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1) divergent transcript (NCK1‐DT, also known as NCK1‐AS1) in gastric cancer. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that NCK1‐AS1 exhibited high expression in gastric cancer tissues and cells. In vitro assays including MTT, colony formation, Transwell, wound healing and sphere formation assays indicated that NCK1‐AS1 depletion inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness maintenance. Luciferase reporter and RIP assays suggested that NCK1‐AS1 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR‐22‐3p to positively modulate BCL9 expression. BCL9 was a target gene of miR‐22‐3p. According to western blot analysis and TOP/FOP flash assay, NCK1‐AS1 activated the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling via the miR‐22‐3p/BCL9 axis. Furthermore, rescue experiments verified that NCK1‐AS1 affected cellular processes by activating the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway via the miR‐22‐3p/BCL9 axis. Tumor xenograft model validated that NCK1‐AS1 promoted tumor growth in vivo via the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling by upregulating BCL9 expression. Overall, NCK1‐AS1 functions as an oncogene and promotes gastric cancer progression via the miR‐22‐3p/BCL9‐Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
International consensus on methodological issues in standardization of fecal calprotectin measurement in inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: D'Amico Ferdinando , Rubin David T. , Kotze Paulo Gustavo , Magro Fernando , Siegmund Britta , Kobayashi Taku , Olivera Pablo A. , Bossuyt Peter , Pouillon Lieven , Louis Edouard , Domènech Eugeni , Ghosh Subrata , Danese Silvio , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundFecal calprotectin (FC) is a non‐invasive marker of gut inflammation which is frequently used to guide therapeutic decisions in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Each step of FC measurement can influence the results, leading to misinterpretations and potentially impacting the management of IBD patients. To date, there is high heterogeneity between FC measurements and no current method is universally accepted as a standard.AimsOur aim was to provide clear position statementsabout the pre‐analytical and the analytical phases of FC measurement to homogenize FC levels and to minimize variability and risk of misinterpretation through aninternational consensus.Materials & MethodsFourteen physicians with expertise in the field of IBD and FC from 11 countries attended a virtual international consensus meeting on July 17th, 2020. A systematic literature was conducted and the literature evidence was shared and discussedamong the participants. Statements were formulated, discussed, and voted. Statements were considered approved if all participants agreed.ResultsNine statements were formulated and approved. Based on the available evidence, quantitative tests should be preferred for measuring FC. Furthermore, FC measurement, if possible, should always be performed with the same method and factors influencing FC levels should be taken into account when interpreting the results.DiscussionFC has an increasingly important role in the management of patients with IBD. However, large multicenter studies should be conducted to define the reproducibility and to confirm the diagnostic accuracy of the available FC tests.ConclusionFC concentrations guide clinicians' treatment decisions. Our statements have a relevant impact in daily practice and could be applied in clinical trials to standardize FC measurement.
Endoscopic management of duodenal adenomatosis in familial adenomatous polyposis—A case‐based review
Authors: Soons E. , Bisseling T. M. , van Kouwen M. C. A. , Möslein G. , Siersema P. D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAdenomatous polyposis (AP) diseases, including familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), attenuated FAP (AFAP), and MUTYH‐associated polyposis (MAP), are the second most common hereditary causes of colorectal cancer. A frequent extra‐colonic manifestation of AP disease is duodenal polyposis, which may lead to duodenal cancer in up to 18% of AP patients. Endoscopic surveillance is recommended at 0.5‐ to 5‐year intervals depending on the extent of polyp growth and histological progression. Although the Spigelman classification is traditionally used to determine surveillance intervals, it lacks information on the (peri‐)ampullary site, where 50% of duodenal carcinomas are located. Hence, information on the papilla has recently been added as a prognostic marker. Patients with duodenal adenoma(s) ≥10 mm and ampullary adenomas of any size are suggested to be referred to an expert center for endoscopic therapy, particularly endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic ampullectomy. Nonetheless, despite the logic of this approach, the long‐term efficacy of endoscopic therapy is still to be demonstrated.
Pyrrole‐based pincer ligands containing iminophosphorane moieties and their coordination chemistry with group 1 metals and magnesium
Authors: Ehrlich Nico , Freytag Matthias , Raeder Jan , Jones Peter G. , Walter Marc D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Staudinger reaction of 2,5‐bis((di‐tert‐butylphosphaneyl)methyl)‐1H‐pyrrole (tBuPNP)H; tBuPNP=C4H2N‐2,5‐CH2PtBu2) with 2 equiv. of Me3SiN3 cleanly furnishes 1,1′‐((1H‐pyrrole‐2,5‐diyl)bis(methylene))bis(1,1‐di‐tert‐butyl‐N‐(trimethylsilyl)‐λ5‐phosphanimine) (1; (NPNPN)H, NPNPN=C4H2N‐2,5‐CH2PtBu2NSiMe3) in excellent yield. Pyrrole 1 is easily deprotonated by alkali metal amides, [MN(SiMe3)2] (M=Li, Na, K, Cs) to yield the corresponding alkali metal pyrrolides, 1‐M. Compound 1‐Li is features a κ‐N,N,N coordination whereby both iminophosphorane side‐arms are coordinated to the lithium cation (with additional short Li⋅⋅⋅H contacts, whereas the heavier congeners form dimeric structures. This results in κ‐N,N coordination within one [(NPNPN)M] (M=Na, Cs) unit, and the dimeric structure is then completed by additional η5‐coordination of the pyrrolyl ligand to the neighbouring alkali metal. Furthermore, heteroleptic magnesium alkyl complexes, 1‐MgR, are isolated from the reaction of [MgR2] (R= CH2SiMe3, CH2CMe3, CH2CMe2Ph) with (PNP*)H (1 equiv).
Indentation method accounting for thickness effect of viscoelastic layer
Authors: Miura Kotaro , Oyama Chihiro , Sakamoto Makoto , Tanabe Yuji 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIndentation tests have been widely used to evaluate the mechanical properties of industrial and biological materials in many studies. In this study, we obtained an analytical solution for the axisymmetric contact problem for a viscoelastic layer bonded to a rigid substrate and indented by a flat‐ended cylindrical punch using the elastic–viscoelastic correspondence principle. The analytical solution was obtained from a method using an infinite system of simultaneous equations instead of a conventional method using the second kind of Fredholm equation. Relaxation indentation tests were conducted for silicon rubber, polyurethane gel (a soft material used for elastography), and articular cartilage from a bovine femoral head. The articular cartilage was tested as obtained and then tested again after treatment by collagenase. The viscoelastic models in this study were a three‐element model (standard linear solid model) and a five‐element model (generalized Maxwell model), and the viscoelastic parameters for the models were determined by fitting the analytical solution to results for applied load as it varied over time during relaxation indentation tests. The results suggested that the five‐element model was more appropriate than the three‐element model for reproducing the relaxation indentation behavior of silicon rubber, polyurethane gel, and articular cartilage. Furthermore, the viscoelastic parameters for treated articular cartilage clearly decreased compared with those for unaltered articular cartilage. These results suggest that the method for evaluating the time‐dependent mechanical properties of articular cartilage based on analytical solutions of relaxation indentation tests could be a useful tool for evaluating the state of degenerated cartilage.
New analytical method for dynamic response of thermoelastic damping in simply supported generalized piezothermoelastic nanobeam
Authors: Kaur Iqbal , Singh Kulvinder , Ghita Gilbert Marius Daniel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe present paper deals with the application of one‐dimensional piezoelectric materials in particular piezo‐thermo‐elastic nanobeam in the context of generalized piezothermoelastic theory. The ends of the nanobeam are considered to be simply supported and at a constant temperature. The mathematical model so formed is solved to obtain the non‐dimensional expressions for lateral deflection, electric potential, thermal moment, thermoelastic damping, and frequency shift. Effect of frequency on the lateral deflection, electric potential, thermal moment with generalized piezothermoelastic theory are represented graphically using the MATLAB software. Comparisons are made with different theories of thermoelasticity.
Major flowering time genes of barley: allelic diversity, effects, and comparison with wheat
Authors: Fernández-Calleja Miriam , Casas Ana M. , Igartua Ernesto 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Key message
This review summarizes the allelic series, effects, interactions between genes and with the environment, for the major flowering time genes that drive phenological adaptation of barley.

Abstract
The optimization of phenology is a major goal of plant breeding addressing the production of high-yielding varieties adapted to changing climatic conditions. Flowering time in cereals is regulated by genetic networks that respond predominately to day length and temperature. Allelic diversity at these genes is at the basis of barley wide adaptation. Detailed knowledge of their effects, and genetic and environmental interactions will facilitate plant breeders manipulating flowering time in cereal germplasm enhancement, by exploiting appropriate gene combinations. This review describes a catalogue of alleles found in QTL studies by barley geneticists, corresponding to the genetic diversity at major flowering time genes, the main drivers of barley phenological adaptation: VRN-H1 (HvBM5A), VRN-H2 (HvZCCTa-c), VRN-H3 (HvFT1), PPD-H1 (HvPRR37), PPD-H2 (HvFT3), and eam6/eps2 (HvCEN). For each gene, allelic series, size and direction of QTL effects, interactions between genes and with the environment are presented. Pleiotropic effects on agronomically important traits such as grain yield are also discussed. The review includes brief comments on additional genes with large effects on phenology that became relevant in modern barley breeding. The parallelisms between flowering time allelic variation between the two most cultivated Triticeae species (barley and wheat) are also outlined. This work is mostly based on previously published data, although we added some new data and hypothesis supported by a number of studies. This review shows the wide variety of allelic effects that provide enormous plasticity in barley flowering behavior, which opens new avenues to breeders for fine-tuning phenology of the barley crop.
Vestibulo-perceptual influences upon the vestibulo-spinal reflex
Authors: Bonsu Angela N. , Nousi Sofia , Lobo Rhannon , Strutton Paul H. , Arshad Qadeer , Bronstein Adolfo M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe vestibular system facilitates gaze and postural stability via the vestibulo-ocular (VOR) and vestibulo-spinal reflexes, respectively. Cortical and perceptual mechanisms can modulate long-duration VOR responses, but little is known about whether high-order neural phenomena can modulate short-latency vestibulo-spinal responses. Here, we investigate this by assessing click-evoked cervical vestibular myogenic-evoked potentials (VEMPS) during visual roll motion that elicited an illusionary sensation of self-motion (i.e. vection). We observed that during vection, the amplitude of the VEMPs was enhanced when compared to baseline measures. This modulation in VEMP amplitude was positively correlated with the subjective reports of vection strength. That is, those subjects reporting greater subjective vection scores exhibited a greater increase in VEMP amplitude. Control experiments showed that simple arousal (cold-induced discomfort) also increased VEMP amplitude but that, unlike vection, it did not modulate VEMP amplitude linearly. In agreement, small-field visual roll motion that did not induce vection failed to increase VEMP amplitude. Taken together, our results demonstrate that vection can modify the response of vestibulo-collic reflexes. Even short-latency brainstem vestibulo-spinal reflexes are influenced by high-order mechanisms, illustrating the functional importance of perceptual mechanisms in human postural control. As VEMPs are inhibitory responses, we argue that the findings may represent a mechanism whereby high-order CNS mechanisms reduce activity levels in vestibulo-collic reflexes, necessary for instance when voluntary head movements need to be performed.
New proof to Somos’s Dedekind eta-function identities of level 10
Authors: Kumar B. R. Srivatsa , Shruthi  
Published: May 2021

AbstractMichael Somos used PARI/GP script to generate several Dedekind eta-function identities by using computer. In the present work, we prove two new Dedekind eta-function identities of level 10 discovered by Somos in two different methods. Also during this process, we give an alternate method to Somos’s Dedekind eta-function identities of level 10 proved by B. R. Srivatsa Kumar and D. Anu Radha. As an application of this, we establish colored partition identities.
Rapid amelioration of anorexia nervosa in a male adolescent during metreleptin treatment including recovery from hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Authors: Antel Jochen , Tan Susanne , Grabler Marvin , Ludwig Christine , Lohkemper Dominik , Brandenburg Tim , Barth Nikolaus , Hinney Anke , Libuda Lars , Remy Miriam , Milos Gabriella , Hebebrand Johannes 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith this case report we support our medical hypothesis that metreleptin treatment ameliorates starvation related emotional, cognitive and behavioral symptomatology of anorexia nervosa (AN) and show for the first time strong effects in a male patient with AN. A 15.9 year old adolescent with severe AN of eight-month duration was treated off-label with metreleptin. Hyperactivity was assessed with accelerometry. Visual analogue scales (VAS), validated self- and clinician rating scales and lab results tracked changes from baseline to end of the 24-day dosing period and a five-month follow-up. Substantial improvements of mood and eating disorder related cognitions and hyperactivity set in after two days of treatment. During dosing, sub-physiological testosterone and TT3 levels normalized; clinically libido reemerged. Weight did not increase substantially during the dosing period. During follow-up target weight was attained; mood did not deteriorate; hyperactivity ceased. The results substantiate the strong effects seen in female cases and underscore the need for a double-blind placebo-controlled trial to confirm the observed strong, multiple and rapid onset beneficial effects of metreleptin in AN.
Choroidal thickness changes in children with chronic heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Rakusiewicz Klaudia , Kanigowska Krystyna , Hautz Wojciech , Ziółkowska Lidia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate choroidal thickness (CTh) in children with chronic heart failure (CHF) secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to compare their values to those of healthy children.

Methods
Sixty eyes of thirty children (mean age 9.9 ± 3.57 years) with chronic heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF ≤ 55%) due to DCM lasting for over 6 months were prospectively enrolled. The control group consisted of 30 age- (mean age 10.16 ± 3.42 years) and sex-matched healthy children. All participants underwent transthoracic echocardiography with LVEF measured using the Simpson method and had the blood serum level of N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide marker (NT-proBNP) determined. All children underwent SD-OCT and had subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCTh) and CTh measured at 1500 µm (μm) nasally, temporally, superiorly and inferiorly from the fovea in both eyes by two investigators.

Results
CTh at all locations was statistically significantly lower in children with DCM compared to the control group. Mean CTh in the group with CHF compared to the control group were (304.03 vs. 369.72 μm, p < 0.05) at the subfoveal location, (245.87 vs. 284 μm, p < 0.05) 1500 μm nasally from the fovea, (291.5 vs. 355.95 μm, p < 0.05) 1500 μm temporally from the fovea, (303.98 vs. 357.58 μm, p < 0.05) 1500 μm superiorly from the fovea and (290.92 vs. 344.96 μm, p < 0.05) 1500 μm inferiorly from the fovea. The average difference CTh between the study groups ranged from 38.13 to 65.69 μm at individual locations. In both groups, CTh was the thickest at subfoveal location (304.03 vs. 369.72 μm, p < 0.05) and the thinnest was 1500 μm nasally from the fovea (262.37 vs. 336.87 μm, p < 0.05). There was no correlation between CTh and age, gender, biometry and refractive error. No correlation was found between CTh and LVEF and NT-proBNP.

Conclusion
Patients with CHF due to DCM had a thinner CTh at all measured locations. The results of our research indicate that CHF affects CTh and this parameter may be very helpful in monitoring the clinical course of the disease in children with DCM.