bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0° vs. 180° CT localiser: The effect of vertical off‐centring, phantom positioning and tube voltage on dose optimisation in multidetector computed tomography
Authors: Al‐Hayek Yazan , Zheng Xiaoming , Davidson Rob , Hayre Christopher , Al‐Mousa Dana , Finlay Campbell , Spuur Kelly 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionPatient positioning is an essential consideration for the optimisation of radiation dose during CT examinations. The study objectives seek to explore the effects of vertical off‐centring, localiser direction (0° and 180°), and phantom positioning (supine and prone) on radiation dose, using three different tube voltages in multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging.MethodsThe trunk of a PBU‐60 anthropomorphic phantom was imaged using a Discovery CT750 HD – 128 slice (GE Healthcare). Images employing 0° and 180° localisers were acquired in supine and prone orientation for each combination of vertical off‐centring (±100, ±60 and ±30 mm) and different tube voltages (80, 120 and 140 kVp), using the system’s automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) function. The displayed volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) were recorded.ResultsWith incremental table off‐centring of ±100 mm, the dose at 120 kVp in the supine position ranged from 63% to 196% (0° localiser) and from 66% to 191% (180° localiser) as compared to iso‐centre. While in the prone position, the dose ranged from 62% to 195% (0° localiser); and 62% to 193% (180° localiser), with a notable dose increase at higher tube voltages. Dose variation and vertical off‐centring showed a significant relationship for both 0° and 180° localisers (r = 0.94 and 0.96, respectively, P < 0.001). The CTDIvol variation between supine and prone phantom positions at ±100 mm off‐centring was 0.22 mGy (2.9%), and 0.19 mGy (2.3%) when the 0° and 180 ° localisers were utilised, respectively.ConclusionsPhantom off‐centring and localiser direction evidenced large dose variation. It is recommended that the 0° localiser is employed during CT examinations, in order to minimise the potential additional radiation dose which may result from off‐centring and the use of lower tube voltages where clinically appropriate.
A nomogram prediction of outcome in patients with COVID‐19 based on individual characteristics incorporating immune response‐related indicators
Authors: Tang Fang , Zhang Xiaoshuai , Zhang Bicheng , Zhu Bo , Wang Jun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has quickly become a global threat to public health, and it is difficult to predict severe patients and their prognosis. Here, we intended developing effective models for the late identification of patients at disease progression and outcome.MethodsA total of 197 patients were included with a 20‐day median follow‐up time. We first developed a nomogram for disease severity discrimination, then created a prognostic nomogram for severe patients.ResultsIn total, 40.6% of patients were severe and 59.4% were non‐severe. The multivariate logistic analysis indicated that IgG, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lactate dehydrogenase, platelet, albumin, and blood urea nitrogen were significant factors associated with the severity of COVID‐19. Using immune response phenotyping based on NLR and IgG level, the logistic model showed patients with the NLRhiIgGhi phenotype are most likely to have severe disease, especially compared to those with the NLRloIgGlo phenotype. The C‐indices of the two discriminative nomograms were 0.86 and 0.87, respectively, which indicated sufficient discriminative power. As for predicting clinical outcomes for severe patients, IgG, NLR, age, lactate dehydrogenase, platelet, monocytes, and procalcitonin were significant predictors. The prognosis of severe patients with the NLRhiIgGhi phenotype was significantly worse than the NLRloIgGhi group. The two prognostic nomograms also showed good performance in estimating the risk of progression.ConclusionsThe present nomogram models are useful to identify COVID‐19 patients with disease progression based on individual characteristics and immune response‐related indicators. Patients at high risk for severe illness and poor outcomes from COVID‐19 should be managed with intensive supportive care and appropriate therapeutic strategies.
Feeling anxious and abusing low performers: A multilevel model of high performance work systems and abusive supervision
Authors: Xi Meng , He Wei , Fehr Ryan , Zhao Shuming 
Published: August 2021

SummaryIn the present research, we identify high performance work systems (HPWSs) as an important yet unexamined driver of abusive supervision. Drawing from the theory of workplace anxiety, we specifically propose that HPWSs increase leader anxiety, especially when the leader's job experience is relatively low. Then, we argue that this anxiety ultimately causes leaders to abuse their employees in response, especially when those employees are poor performers. We tested our hypotheses in a field study (Study 1) using multiwave, multisource, multilevel data collected from 508 employees nested in 81 departments across 24 organizations in China and in a sample of US managers (Study 2) that also examined alternative explanations for our effects. Taken together, our findings offer new insight into the cross‐level drivers of abusive supervision and highlight the critical role of emotion in the link between human resource (HR) systems and leader behavior.
Study on the evolution of the microstructure, phase composition, three‐dimensional morphology, and hardness in the solution treatment of Mg−7.80Gd−2.43Y−0.38Zr alloy
Authors: Liu J. , Li S. , Zhang N. , Liu Q. , Ma Q. , Han Z. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe evolution of the microstructure, phase composition, three‐dimensional morphology, and hardness of Mg−7.80Gd−2.43Y−0.38Zr (wt.%) alloys during solution treatment at 480 °C is investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro‐analyzer, nanoindentation, and x‐ray tomography. The as‐cast alloy consists of an α‐Mg matrix phase and divorced eutectics, including the secondary and the supersaturated magnesium phases. The chemical composition of the secondary phase is similar to that of Mg7.22(Gd, Y), and the nanoindentation hardness of the secondary phase is significantly higher than that of the α‐Mg matrix phase, according to the energy‐dispersive spectroscopic and nanoindentation analyses. The three‐dimensional morphology and quantitative information, such as the number and volume fraction of the secondary phases during the solution treatment, are discussed in detail. A large number of small acicular secondary phases are found near the large secondary phase after solution treatment at 480 °C for 1 h, while the acicular phase disappears completely after 2 h. The secondary phase dissolves into the α‐Mg matrix after solution treatment for 8 h, and the solution‐treated alloy primarily consists of an α‐Mg matrix phase and a cuboid‐shaped phase, which was identified as (Gd,Y)H2.
Effects of freezing and steam treatments on the permeability of Populus tomentosa
Authors: Xu W. , Chen P. , Yang Y. , Wang X. , Liu X. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn order to improve the material properties of Populus tomentosa, and increase its utilization rate for furniture products. Two modification methods, including freezing and steam treatments were adopted in this work, and special attention was given to the permeability of Populus tomentosa with respects of processing time, temperature and moisture content. According to the experimental results, the optimum modification parameters for Populus tomentosa with freezing treatment are processing temperature of ‐20 °C, time of 2 hours and saturated moisture content; while the optimal modification parameters with steam treatment are as follows: processing temperature of 120 °C, time of 2 hours and saturated moisture content. Based on comparing the weight gain rate at different processing condition, steam treatment has greater influence on the permeability than that of freezing treatment. In general, steam treatment was proposed to be used in the property modification of Populus tomentosa in terms of greater permeability.
Second‐order, fully decoupled, linearized, and unconditionally stable scalar auxiliary variable schemes for Cahn–Hilliard–Darcy system
Authors: Gao Yali , He Xiaoming , Nie Yufeng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we establish the fully decoupled numerical methods by utilizing scalar auxiliary variable approach for solving Cahn–Hilliard–Darcy system. We exploit the operator splitting technique to decouple the coupled system and Galerkin finite element method in space to construct the fully discrete formulation. The developed numerical methods have the features of second order accuracy, totally decoupling, linearization, and unconditional energy stability. The unconditionally stability of the two proposed decoupled numerical schemes are rigorously proved. Abundant numerical results are reported to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of proposed numerical methods.
Managing the tension between caring and charting: Labor and delivery nurses' experiences of the electronic health record
Authors: Wisner Kirsten , Chesla Catherine A. , Spetz Joanne , Lyndon Audrey 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOver a decade following the nationwide push to implement electronic health records (EHRs), the focus has shifted to addressing the cognitive burden associated with their use. Most research and discourse about the EHR's impact on clinicians' cognitive work has focused on physicians rather than on nursing‐specific issues. Labor and delivery nurses may encounter unique challenges when using EHRs because they also interact with an electronic fetal monitoring system, continuously managing and synthesizing both maternal and fetal data. This grounded theory study explored labor and delivery nurses' perceptions of the EHR's impact on their cognitive work. Data were individual interviews and participant observations with twenty‐one nurses from two labor and delivery units in the western U.S. and were analyzed using dimensional analysis. Nurses managed the tension between caring and charting using various strategies to integrate the EHR into their dynamic, high‐acuity, specialty practice environment while using EHRs that were not designed for perinatal patients. Use of the EHR and associated technologies disrupted nurses' ability to locate and synthesize information, maintain an overview of the patient's status, and connect with patients and families. Individual‐, group‐, and environmental‐level factors facilitated or constrained nurses' integration of the EHR. These findings represent critical safety failures requiring comprehensive changes to EHR designs and better processes for responding to end‐user experiences. More research is needed to develop EHRs that support the dynamic and relationship‐based nature of nurses' work and to align with specialty practice environments.
Quantized data‐based iterative learning control under denial‐of‐service attacks
Authors: Zhou Chang‐Ren , Che Wei‐Wei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article mainly studies the quantized data‐based iterative learning tracking control (QDBILTC) problem of nonlinear networked control systems in the presence of signals quantization and denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. The quantizer considered here is static with the logarithmic form. First, an estimate output attack compensation mechanism is designed to compensate for the effect of DoS attacks based on the extended dynamic linearization method. Then, a QDBILTC algorithm is developed to guarantee the system tracking performance and the bounded input and bounded output stability in mean‐square sense. The process of designing the QDBILTC algorithm only uses the input and output data of the system, and the proof of which uses the compression mapping principle and the mathematical induction. The effectiveness of the proposed QDBILTC algorithm is illustrated by a digital simulation.
A model of weight‐based stigma in health care and utilization outcomes: Evidence from the learning health systems network
Authors: Phelan Sean M. , Bauer Katherine W. , Bradley David , Bradley Steven M. , Haller Irina V. , Mundi Manpreet S. , Finney Rutten Lila J. , Schroeder Darrell R. , Fischer Kristin , Croghan Ivana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveObesity is stigmatized and people with obesity report experiencing stigmatizing situations when seeking health care. The implications of these experiences are not well understood. This study tests an indirect effects model of negative care experiences as an intermediate variable between obesity and care avoidance/utilization and switching primary care doctors.MethodsA survey was completed by 2380 primary care patients in the Learning Health Systems Network (LHSNet) Clinical Data Research Network with a BMI >25 kg/m2. Measures included scales assessing stigmatizing situations, perceived patient‐centered communication, perceived respect, having delayed needed care, and having looked for a new primary doctor in the past 12 months. Sequential and serial indirect effects of care experiences and respect in the association between BMI and care utilization outcomes was modeled.ResultsThe hypothesized model was supported by findings. The associations between BMI and delaying needed care (OR = 1.06, p < 0.001) and attempting to switch primary doctors (OR = 1.02, p = 0.04) was mediated by both stigmatizing situations experienced in a health care context and lower patient‐centered communication. Lower perceived respect mediated the association between care experiences and utilization outcomes.ConclusionsPeople with higher BMIs may avoid care or switch doctors as a result of stigmatizing experiences and poor communication with doctors. These outcomes may contribute to morbidity in people with obesity if they delay or avoid care for health concerns when symptoms first present.
Retracted: Russia's foreign policy priorities in the Asia‐Pacific region
Authors: Nguyen Oanh Thi Hoang , Aksenov Ilia , Phan Nhuan Thi , Sakulyeva Tatyana 
Published: August 2021

Nguyen, O. T. H., Aksenov, I., Phan, N. T., & Sakulyeva, T. (2021). Russia's foreign policy priorities in the Asia‐Pacific region. Journal of Public Affairs, e2745. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2745. The above article, published online on 17 August 2021 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) has been retracted by agreement between the journal's Editor‐in‐Chief, Laura Corazza and Shaista Wasiuzzaman and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.The retraction has been agreed following concerns regarding manipulation of the peer review and publishing process. Concerns were originally raised by a third party (1). Further investigation by the publisher has found manipulation of the peer review process, and overlapping text with other publications. The retraction has been agreed because the peer review of the article was compromised and there is unattributed overlap between this article and several other articles (2)(3).Abalkina, A. (2022). Publication and collaboration anomalies in academic papers originating from a paper mill: evidence from a Russia‐based paper mill https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.13322Burdzik, T. (2019). Slowly but Surely: Russia's Foreign Policy in Southeast Asia https://russiancouncil.ru/en/analytics‐and‐comments/columns/asian‐kaleidoscope/slowly‐but‐surely‐russia‐s‐foreign‐policy‐in‐southeast‐asia/?sphrase_id=34631795Rumer, E., Sokolsky, R., Vladicic, A. (2020). Russia in the Asia‐Pacific: Less Than Meets the Eye https://carnegieendowment.org/publications/82614
Applying the demand–control–support model on burnout in students: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Soyeon , Kim Hankyul , Park Eun Hye , Kim Boram , Lee Sang Min , Kim Boyoung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFourteen empirical studies on academic burnout were synthesized and reviewed with a meta‐analytic approach based on the framework of job demand, control, support model. It was found that demand, control, and support were associated with academic burnout. The three dimensions of burnout were negatively related to demand and positively related to control and support. In terms of types of demand, which were classified into psychological and physical demands, moderating effects were observed on the three burnout dimensions, with a larger correlation coefficient of psychological demands. As for social support, moderating effects were observed only with exhaustion. Implications for research and interventions as well as limitations are stated.
The effect of primary urological cancers on survival in men with secondary prostate cancer
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Würnschimmel Christoph , Nocera Luigi , Ruvolo Claudia Collà , Tian Zhe , Saad Fred , Briganti Alberto , Tilki Derya , Graefen Markus , Roos Frederik C. , Mandel Philipp , Chun Felix K.H. , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo test the effect of urological primary cancers (bladder, kidney, testis, upper tract, penile, urethral) on overall mortality (OM) after secondary prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsWithin the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database, patients with urological primary cancers and concomitant secondary PCa (diagnosed 2004‐2016) were identified and were matched in 1:4 fashion with primary PCa controls. OM was compared between secondary and primary PCa patients and stratified according to primary urological cancer type, as well as to time interval between primary urological cancer versus secondary PCa diagnoses.ResultsWe identified 5,987 patients with primary urological and secondary PCa (bladder, n = 3,287; kidney, n = 2,127; testis, n = 391; upper tract, n = 125; penile, n = 47; urethral, n = 10) versus 531,732 primary PCa patients. Except for small proportions of Gleason grade group and age at diagnosis, PCa characteristics between secondary and primary PCa were comparable. Conversely, proportions of secondary PCa patients which received radical prostatectomy were smaller (29.0 vs. 33.5%), while no local treatment rates were higher (34.2 vs. 26.3%). After 1:4 matching, secondary PCa patients exhibited worse OM than primary PCa patients, except for primary testis cancer. Here, no OM differences were recorded. Finally, subgroup analyses showed that the survival disadvantage of secondary PCa patients decreased with longer time interval since primary cancer diagnosis.ConclusionsAfter detailed matching for PCa characteristics, secondary PCa patients exhibit worse survival, except for testis cancer patients. The survival disadvantage is attenuated, when secondary PCa diagnosis is made after longer time interval, since primary urological cancer diagnosis.
Phenotypic characterization of two novel cell line models of castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Haffner Michael C. , Bhamidipati Akshay , Tsai Harrison K. , Esopi David M. , Vaghasia Ajay M. , Low Jin‐Yih , Patel Radhika A. , Guner Gunes , Pham Minh‐Tam , Castagna Nicole , Hicks Jessica , Wyhs Nicolas , Aebersold Ruedi , De Marzo Angelo M. , Nelson William G. , Guo Tiannan , Yegnasubramanian Srinivasan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundResistance to androgen deprivation therapies is a major driver of mortality in advanced prostate cancer. Therefore, there is a need to develop new preclinical models that allow the investigation of resistance mechanisms and the assessment of drugs for the treatment of castration‐resistant prostate cancer.MethodsWe generated two novel cell line models (LAPC4‐CR and VCaP‐CR) which were derived by passaging LAPC4 and VCaP cells in vivo and in vitro under castrate conditions. We performed detailed transcriptomic (RNA‐seq) and proteomic analyses (SWATH‐MS) to delineate expression differences between castration‐sensitive and castration‐resistant cell lines. Furthermore, we characterized the in vivo and in vitro growth characteristics of these novel cell line models.ResultsThe two cell line derivatives LAPC4‐CR and VCaP‐CR showed castration‐resistant growth in vitro and in vivo which was only minimally inhibited by AR antagonists, enzalutamide, and bicalutamide. High‐dose androgen treatment resulted in significant growth arrest of VCaP‐CR but not in LAPC4‐CR cells. Both cell lines maintained AR expression, but exhibited distinct expression changes on the mRNA and protein level. Integrated analyses including data from LNCaP and the previously described castration‐resistant LNCaP‐abl cells revealed an expression signature of castration resistance.ConclusionsThe two novel cell line models LAPC4‐CR and VCaP‐CR and their comprehensive characterization on the RNA and protein level represent important resources to study the molecular mechanisms of castration resistance.
A case of epithelioid cell granulomas arising at the margin of lung resection, with high accumulation on 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography
Authors: Yokotsuka Shinnosuke , Uematsu Shugo , Okada Momoka , Takamiya Shinnosuke , Ohashi Shinichi , Tanaka Yoko , Suzuki Kosuke , Kitami Akihiko , Nemoto Tetsuo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is important to distinguish tumour recurrence from other conditions that could show high accumulation on 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET). We describe the case of a 78‐year‐old woman who underwent partial resection of the left lower lung lobe for carcinoid treatment 20 years previously. Five years earlier, chest radiography revealed an abnormal shadow, and chest computed tomography (CT) showed partial atelectasis in the left S8. Periodical CT showed that the atelectasis had developed into a mass. The patient was referred to our hospital. A mass of 45 mm diameter was detected on CT and it had a maximum standardized uptake value of 8.91 on FDG‐PET. We suspected recurrence and performed surgery. Pathological examination revealed epithelioid cell granuloma (maximum diameter, 25 mm) with necrosis. Tissue culture showed no evidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, serum anti‐MAC antibody level was elevated, suggesting epithelioid cell granuloma caused by non‐tuberculous Mycobacterium infection.
A case of giant intradiaphragmatic bronchogenic cyst
Authors: Kitamura Naoya , Takahashi Tomohiko , Takayama Tetsuya , Kawamukai Jun , Shinno Hideki , Miyazawa Hideki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe present the case of a giant bronchogenic cyst (BC) that appeared just within the right diaphragm. A 51‐year‐old man was referred to our hospital with a chief complaint of pain from the lumbar area to the right shoulder. Computed tomography images showed a cystic mass measuring 18.0 × 17.5 × 12.8 cm in the right thoracic cavity. Right posterolateral thoracotomy from the eighth intercostal space was performed, and the cyst wall and diaphragm were resected together. The defect of the diaphragm was repaired using a 2‐mm‐thick Gore‐Tex™ expanded polytetrafluoroethylene patch. It is embryologically rare for a giant BC to develop within the right diaphragm. As BCs may be associated with malignant tumours or infection, complete resection of the cyst wall is required. Literature review revealed no consensus on the best surgical procedure. Therefore, it is important to consider the appropriate surgical procedure for each case.