bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key radioresistance regulation models and marker genes identified by integrated transcriptome analysis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Sun Zhuang , Wang Xiaohui , Wang Jingyun , Wang Jing , Liu Xiao , Huang Runda , Chen Chunyan , Deng Meiling , Wang Hanyu , Han Fei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy that is endemic to China and Southeast Asia. Radiotherapy is the usual treatment, however, radioresistance remains a major reason for failure. This study aimed to find key radioresistance regulation models and marker genes of NPC and clarify the mechanism of NPC radioresistance by RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the differences in gene expression profiles between radioresistant and radiosensitive NPC tissues. A total of 21 NPC biopsy specimens with different radiosensitivity were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes in RNA sequencing data were identified using R software. The differentially expressed gene data derived from RNA sequencing as well as prior knowledge in the form of pathway databases were integrated to find sub‐networks of related genes. The data of RNA sequencing with the GSE48501 data from the GEO database were combined to further search for more reliable genes associated with radioresistance of NPC. Survival analyses using the Kaplan–Meier method based on the expression of the genes were conducted to facilitate the understanding of the clinical significance of the differentially expressed genes. RT‐qPCR was performed to validate the expression levels of the differentially expressed genes. We identified 1182 differentially expressed genes between radioresistant and radiosensitive NPC tissue samples. Compared to the radiosensitive group, 22 genes were significantly upregulated and 1160 genes were downregulated in the radioresistant group. In addition, 10 major NPC radiation resistance network models were identified through integration analysis with known NPC radiation resistance‐associated genes and mechanisms. Furthermore, we identified three core genes, DOCK4, MCM9, and POPDC3 among 12 common downregulated genes in the two datasets, which were validated by RT‐qPCR. The findings of this study provide new clues for clarifying the mechanism of NPC radioresistance, and further experimental studies of these core genes are warranted.
Chimeric Flaviviral RNA−siRNA Molecules Resist Degradation by The Exoribonuclease Xrn1 and Trigger Gene Silencing in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Harvey Cressida , Klassa Sven , Finol Esteban , Hall Jonathan , Hill Alyssa C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRNA is an emerging platform for drug delivery, but the susceptibility of RNA to nuclease degradation remains a major barrier to its implementation in vivo. Here, we engineered flaviviral Xrn1‐resistant RNA (xrRNA) motifs to host small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes. The xrRNA‐siRNA molecules self‐assemble in vitro, resist degradation by the conserved eukaryotic 5’ to 3’ exoribonuclease Xrn1, and trigger gene silencing in 293T cells. The resistance of the molecules to Xrn1 does not translate to stability in blood serum. Nevertheless, our results demonstrate that flavivirus‐derived xrRNA motifs can confer Xrn1 resistance on a model therapeutic payload and set the stage for further investigations into using the motifs as building blocks in RNA nanotechnology.
A Fresh Breath of Oxygen: Red Blood Cell Exchange Transfusion in Sickle Cell and COVID‐19
Authors: Nguyen Viva , Alcius Paul , Peles Shachar , Hodgin Katherine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRed blood cell exchange transfusion may be beneficial and should be considered in the early management of patients with sickle cell disease and COVID‐19 to prevent the need for intubation and intensive care unit admission due to respiratory distress.
Disseminated Mycobacterium bovis infection after deceased donor liver transplantation: A case report
Authors: Sotoudeh Kayvon , Quon Samantha , Hsieh Eric P. , Donovan John , Chopra Shefali 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis case demonstrates the significance, and ongoing relevance of mycobacterial infections, especially in patients who have recently been started on immunosuppression.
Neurofibromatosis and HIV infection in a pregnant woman
Authors: Pepe Franco , Mininni Claudia , Zambrotta Elisabetta , Pepe Gabriele , La Rosa Valeria , La Rosa Rosario , Insalaco Giulio , Monteleone Morena Maria 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough pregnant neurofibromatosis or HIV patient established a high‐risk group, this report demonstrated that a careful planning and widespread valuations should be associated with a favorable prognosis for both mother and newborn.
Successful treatment with oral steroid and hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus upon COVID‐19 infection: A case report with detailed laboratory data
Authors: Kondo Makoto , Matsushima Yoshiaki , Iida Shohei , Umaoka Ai , Nakanishi Takehisa , Habe Koji , Yamanaka Keiichi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe administration of glucocorticoid and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) may be able to control systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activities under COVID‐19 infection by suppress the cytokine storm.
The effect of advanced hybrid closed loop system on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in a young male with type 1 diabetes mellitus and growth hormone treatment: A case report
Authors: Petrovski Goran , Al Khalaf Fawziya , Campbell Judith , Hussain Khalid , Day Emma , Pasha Maheen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe advanced hybrid closed loop system MiniMed 780G can be an effective tool to improve glycemic control and decrease the health burden in a young male with type 1 diabetes and short stature.
Rosai‐Dorfman disease presenting with solitary liver mass without lymphadenopathy: A case report
Authors: Roosta Yousef , Esfahani Ali , Vahedi Amir , Tarvirizadeh Kosar , Asoubar Sadegh , Boroofeh Behdad , Dinparast Roshan , Behzadi Farhad , Raeisi Mortaza , Hosseiniazar Mohammadreza Mohammad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRosai‐Dorfman disease (RDD), as a lymphoproliferative disorder with unknown etiology, is commonly identified with systemic clinical manifestations in various organs. In this case study, RDD occurrence was reported with an exceedingly liver mass.
A silent trio: Giant descending aortic aneurysm combined with coarctation and persistent left brachiocephalic truncus
Authors: Basho Maksim , Nunci Deniona , Vyshka Gentian , Prifti Edvin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report a case of an undiagnosed descending aortic aneurysm, combined with coarctation and persistent left brachiocephalic truncus in a 59‐year‐old male. It highlights the necessity for aortic imaging, when facing a poorly controlled hypertension.
Active Sites in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Brief Notes on the Identification of their Analogies with the Standard Heterogeneous Catalysis Concept
Authors: Krystynik Pavel , Kluson Petr , Vesely Michal , Dzik Petr , Krysa Josef 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe reaction rate concepts in heterogeneous catalysis are based on well‐defined and usually well‐quantified active sites. Such an active site is stable over time and its main features are typically constant. In heterogeneous photocatalysis, the active site is of different nature. Its existence depends on the instantaneous availability of photons and the variable ability of the photocatalyst to use them. In fact, a realistic expression of the active site that at least in the main feature – stability over time – resembles the classical heterogeneous catalytic concept is missing. Here, the concept of a dynamic active site of the heterogeneous oxidation photocatalyst that is (in a dynamic sense) time stable is elaborated and carefully discussed. The novelty of this approach should be seen in the straightforward applicability of standard kinetic models.
ESVM‐SWRF: Ensemble SVM‐based sample weighted random forests for liver disease classification
Authors: Padmakala S. , Subasini C. A. , Karuppiah S. P. , Sheeba Adlin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecently, a significant way to diagnose the disease is using the model of medical data mining. The most challenging task in the healthcare field is to face a large amount of data during disease analyzes and prediction. Once the data are transformed into valuable data by means of data mining models then the actual prediction and decision making is easier. The existing studies met few shortcomings because of higher execution time, more computational complexities, less scalability, slow convergence, and lack of providing the solution. In this article, we have proposed an ensemble SVM‐based sample weighted random forests (eSVM‐swRF) with novel improved colliding body optimization (NICBO) algorithm to predict liver diseases. The extraction, loading, transformation, and analysis (ELTA) are used to pre‐process the patient data. The significant feature with a suitable model is generated depending upon the filter‐based method. Based on eSVM‐swRF, the parameter values such as penalty parameter (P), threshold (T), and mTry are optimized via a novel improved colliding boding optimization (NICBO) algorithm. The UCI dataset provides liver disease data for this study. The implementation platform of RapidMiner Studio version 7.6 with different evaluation measures is used to validate the performance of eSVM‐swRF with the NICBO method. Anyway, the proposed method yields outstanding performance than other existing methods such as Particle Swarm Optimization‐based Support Vector Machine (PSO‐SVM), fuzzy adaptive, and neighbor weighted k‐NN (FuzzyANWKNN), Naïve Bayes‐based Support Vector Machine (NB‐SVM), and Neural network.
Color design in application interfaces for children
Authors: Lyu Fei , Xi Rui , Liu Yujie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of age and application type on the color design of user interfaces for children's applications. We collected 223 popular children's applications from the Apple App Store, focusing on children of three age groups (3‐5, 6‐8, and 9‐11 years old). There were two types of applications: educational applications and game applications. To explore further and compare the differences between children and adults, we also collected color data on 58 adult applications (29 educational applications and 29 game applications). Due to the characteristics of the specific model, this article selects the HSB (Hue, Saturate, Bright) color model—which is composed of hue, saturation, and brightness, with a high degree of matching with the color vision of the human eye—to analyze the color of the application interfaces. According to the statistics, in terms of hue, different types of application interfaces use different frequencies of colors. Multicolor educational application interfaces use cool colors, such as blue; multicolor game application interfaces use warm colors, such as red and orange; and so on. In terms of saturation, the frequency of high saturation in children's user interfaces is higher than that in adult user interfaces. In terms of brightness, children's application interfaces often use brighter colors. We also compared the statistical results with traditional color cognitive conclusions and discussed the possible reasons.
Repetitive negative thinking, metacognitive beliefs, and their interaction as possible predictors for problematic cannabis use
Authors: Hamonniere Tristan , Milan Lena , Varescon Isabelle 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe metacognitive formulation of addictive behaviours considers repetitive negative thinking (RNT) and metacognitive beliefs as two important processes involved in the development and maintenance of addictive behaviours. To date, very limited research has investigated the implication of these processes in problematic cannabis use. The present study was aimed at exploring the association between RNT, metacognitive beliefs, and cannabis use in a sample of 157 problematic cannabis users. Participants were administered measures of cannabis use severity, RNT, metacognitive beliefs, anxiety, and depression. Multiple regression analysis showed that metacognitive beliefs (cognitive confidence, beliefs about the need to control thought, and cognitive self‐consciousness) were independent predictors of problematic cannabis use and related problem severity when controlling for RNT and negative affect (anxiety and depression). Furthermore, RNT predicted problematic cannabis use severity only for users with low levels of negative beliefs about thoughts concerning uncontrollability and danger. These data suggest that metacognitive beliefs and RNT may be two relevant cognitive processes for understanding problematic cannabis use. More generally, it enables the consideration of cannabis use from the perspective of self‐regulation theories, and more specifically cognitive regulation, thus offering several theoretical and clinical implications.
2D Covalent Organic Frameworks with an Incorporated Manganese Complex for Light Driven Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Wang Denan , Streater Daniel , Peng Yun , Huang Jier 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a novel class of crystalline porous photocatalytic materials due to their unique properties such as large surface area, tunable porosity, and rigid structure. In this work, we report the direct incorporation of a manganese CO2 molecular catalyst (MC) into COFs (Mn−TTA‐COF) and the evaluation of its capability as photocatalyst for visible light driven CO2 reduction to form CO. We found that the photocatalytic activity of Mn−TTA‐COF is quite low, which mainly results from the elimination of the CO ligand in the Mn MC upon light illumination, rendering its short duration in the catalytic reaction. While this is a central concern for the further use Mn−TTA‐COF as a CO2 reduction catalyst, we found that the stability and efficiency of Mn MC is largely enhanced after being incorporated into COFs with respect to its homogeneous version, suggesting the capability of COFs as heterogeneous platform to incorporate MC and improve the catalytic performance of MC. Moreover, transient absorption spectroscopic studies show that the intramolecular charge transfer lifetime of the Mn‐incorporated COF is longer than that in the parent COF, which suggests that charge separation (CS) may occur from the parent COF to the Mn moiety. These results together suggest that COFs may show promise as a platform for creating next‐generation photocatalysts with a built‐in photosensitizer and MC, which can facilitate CS and enhance the stability and efficiency of the incorporated MC.
Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL) Induced by an External Magnetic Field: Magnetic CPL (MCPL)
Authors: Imai Yoshitane 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn general, circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is generated by a chiral luminophore, that is, chiral structures and chiral packing styles are essential for organic and organometallic luminophores to exhibit CPL properties. However, it is difficult to introduce a chiral structure into inorganic and metal‐cluster luminophores. In this minireview, we have reported magnetic circularly polarized luminescence (MCPL) systems. Upon the application of an external magnetic field, achiral and racemic luminophores too can exhibit MCPL. Such MCPL systems are beneficial for developing versatile CPL systems from various luminophores, which could prospectively cover a wide range of UV‐visible‐near‐infrared regions.
Generating CRISPR‐Cas9‐Mediated Null Mutations and Screening Targeting Efficiency in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Bower Oliver J. , McCarthy Afshan , Lea Rebecca A. , Alanis‐Lobato Gregorio , Zohren Jasmin , Gerri Claudia , Turner James M.A. , Niakan Kathy K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCRISPR‐Cas9 mutagenesis facilitates the investigation of gene function in a number of developmental and cellular contexts. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), either embryonic or induced, are a tractable cellular model to investigate molecular mechanisms involved in early human development and cell fate decisions. hPSCs also have broad potential in regenerative medicine to model, investigate, and ameliorate diseases. Here, we provide an optimized protocol for efficient CRISPR‐Cas9 genome editing of hPSCs to investigate the functional role of genes by engineering null mutations. We emphasize the importance of screening single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) to identify those with high targeting efficiency for generation of clonally derived null mutant hPSC lines. We provide important considerations for targeting genes that may have a role in hPSC maintenance. We also present methods to evaluate the on‐target mutation spectrum and unintended karyotypic changes. © 2021 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Selecting and ligating sgRNAs into expression plasmidsBasic Protocol 2: Validation of sgRNA via in vitro transcription and cleavage assayBasic Protocol 3: Nucleofection of primed human embryonic stem cellsBasic Protocol 4: MiSeq analysis of indel mutationsBasic Protocol 5: Single cell cloning of targeted hPSCsBasic Protocol 6: Karyotyping of targeted hPSCs
EGFR analysis on scrapings from cytology smears in lung carcinoma, an effective alternative to testing on trucut biopsies
Authors: Mohan Anish A. , Vallonthaiel Archana George , Nambiar Ajit , Ariyannur Prasanth , Joy Reenu Anne , Thelakkattusserry Sukrishna Kamalasanan , Vikkath Narendranath , Joseph Tinku , Mehta Asmita , Perathur Arvind 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundLung carcinomas are a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Many cases present at an advanced stage of disease where definitive treatment by surgical resection is not feasible. Molecular testing using materials derived from minimally invasive procedures aid in targeted therapy with least iatrogenic burden to the patient.MethodsCases diagnosed as non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) on cytology were included in the study. Scrapings from the smears with adequate tumor cell load were submitted for molecular testing. The DNA was extracted and quantified. Mutations in exons 18, 19, 20, and 21 of the EGFR gene were detected using Sanger sequencing. DNA quantity and EGFR mutation status on equal number of consecutive trucut biopsy specimens were also analyzed.ResultsSeventy cases of NSCLC tested for EGFR mutation had a median DNA concentration of 40.2 ng/μl and 31% cases showed mutation. Majority of mutations (14/21, 66.66%) were identified in exon 19. Among 70 trucut biopsy samples, DNA concentration was 41.42 ng/μl and 30% cases showed mutation. No significant difference was seen in DNA quantity and EGFR mutation between cytology smears and trucut biopsies.ConclusionEGFR testing on cytology smears provides adequate DNA yield with minimal invasiveness and is equally effective as biopsies. Testing on samples like pleural effusion allows for concomitant diagnosis, staging, and molecular testing in one procedure. Tests done on the smears rather than on cell block or trucut biopsies ensures superior quality DNA from the tumor cells as they are unexposed to cross linking formalin fixative.
COVID‐19 post‐vaccination lymphadenopathy: Report of cytological findings from fine needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Tan Nicholas Jin Hong , Tay Kai Xun Joshua , Wong Soon Boon Justin , Nga Min En 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe coronavirus COVID‐19 pandemic has spurred the rapid development of vaccines, with vaccination programmes already underway in many countries. Regional lymphadenopathy is one of the documented side effects of vaccination. We document the fine needle aspiration cytological findings of an enlarged supraclavicular lymph node in a 34‐year‐old Asian female following the first dose of the Pfizer‐BioNTech COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine, which appears to be the first such report in a premorbidly well patient with no known history of malignancy. The cytological findings featured a reactive pattern in keeping with follicular hyperplasia, with prominent germinal centre elements including lymphohistiocytic aggregates and tingible‐body macrophages. Despite an increased proportion of larger lymphocytes, the overall pattern was in keeping with a reactive pattern, bearing in mind the temporal and geographic relation to the vaccination injection. In instances of localised lymphadenopathy, particularly in supraclavicular or axillary locations, pathologists should be cognizant of the possibility of post‐vaccination reactive lymphadenopathy, and seek clinical and radiological hints favouring a benign process, whilst recognising potential morphological overlaps with lymphoproliferative disorders. Awareness of this diagnostic pitfall is especially important as COVID‐19 vaccination coverage is ramped up worldwide, leading to an expected increase in incidence of post‐vaccination reactive lymphadenopathy.
The future of personalized medicine in psoriasis
Authors: Hong Julie , Mosca Megan , Hadeler Edward , Hakimi Marwa , Bhutani Tina , Liao Wilson 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPsoriasis is a complex, heterogeneous condition arising from a combination of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Although many treatments exist for psoriasis, the heterogenous nature of the patients' response to treatment makes it difficult to predict whether a treatment will be effective for every individual patient or aspect of psoriasis. Precision medicine, otherwise known as personalized medicine, is a novel approach to improve clinical outcome in psoriasis, curb the risk of developing adverse events, and predict which treatment options will be effective for each patient. Here, we discuss several aspects of precision medicine related to psoriasis, including application of ‐omics technologies and clinical parameters to identify disease biomarkers and predict therapy outcomes; identification of predictors of psoriatic arthritis and other comorbidities; implementation of a personalized care model using mobile apps and telemedicine; and the development of machine learning algorithms that provide automated recommendations for providers and patients. These topics form the basis of the future of personalized medicine in psoriatic disease.
The species range‐size patterns for vascular plants of Seorak Mountain (Korea): Relationship between group of life forms and phytogeography affinity along the elevational gradient
Authors: Lee Mi‐Hyun , Song Ju Hyeon , Byeon Seong Yeob , Lee Jeong Eun , Kim Ho Jin , Chae Seung‐Beom , Yun Chung Weon , Kim Ji‐Dong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch on species richness patterns and the advanced elevational Rapoport rule (ERR) has been widespread in recent years; however, there is a lack of such research for the temperate mountainous regions in northeast Asia. Here, we collected plant species from the Seorak Mountain in northeast Asia through field surveys. The species were divided into 11 groups according to the life‐form types and phytogeography affinities of each species. The ERR was evaluated using Steven's method and by examining the species richness patterns of each group. The species richness patterns revealed a positive multimodal pattern along the elevation gradient, but phytogeography affinities (increasing trend) and life‐form analysis (unimodal) exhibited different patterns. The elevation gradients (1,350 m for the mean elevation–range relationships), which are affected by the boundary effect and different life forms, did not consistently support the ERR. However, herbs as well as rare, endemic, and red list species showed consistent support for the ERR, which could be attributed to the influence by phytogeography affinities. Therefore, the results from Seorak Mountain showed that the ERR was not consistent for different plant life forms in the same area; however, phytogeography affinities could support and explain ERR.