bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polymer Stabilized Droplet Templating towards Tunable Hierarchical Porosity in Single Crystalline Na3V2(PO4)3 for Enhanced Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Xiong Hailong , Sun Ge , Liu Zhilin , Zhang Ling , Li Lin , Zhang Wei , Du Fei , Qiao Zhen‐An 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNa3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) is regarded as a potential cathode material for sodium‐ion batteries, whereas, its performance is usually limited by inherent low electronic conductivity and dense bulk structure. Herein, we develop a facile polymer stabilized droplet template strategy to synthesize porous single crystal structured NVP. The pore structures (macrostructures, hierarchically meso/macrostructures, and mesostructures), pore sizes (5–2000 nm), and specific surface areas (26–158 m2 g−1) of the samples can be readily controlled by tuning the sizes of droplet templates. The resultant hierarchically meso/macropores NVP demonstrates superior sodium storage performances, because its porous single crystal structure owns solid–liquid Na+ transmission mode, shortens ion diffusion distance and provides large electrode–electrolyte contact area, greatly facilitating fast ionic transport. We believe the presented method will supply a novel avenue to prepare porous single crystal structured materials for anticipative applications.
A Covalent Black Phosphorus/Metal–Organic Framework Hetero‐nanostructure for High‐Performance Flexible Supercapacitors
Authors: Wu Tianyu , Ma Ziyang , He Yunya , Wu Xingjiang , Tang Bao , Yu Ziyi , Wu Guan , Chen Su , Bao Ningzhong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe develop hetero‐nanostructured black phosphorus/metal‐organic framework hybrids formed by P‐O‐Co covalent bonding based on a designed droplet microfluidic strategy consisting of confined and ultrafast microdroplet reactions. The resulting hybrid exhibits large capacitance (1347 F g−1) in KOH electrolytes due to its large specific‐surface‐area (632.47 m2 g−1), well‐developed micro‐porosity (0.38 cm3 g−1), and engineered electroactivity. Furthermore, the proposed 3D printing method allows to construct all‐integrated solid‐state supercapacitor, which maintains interconnected porous network, good interfacial adhesion, and robust flexibility for short‐path diffusion and excessive accommodation of ions. Consequently, the fabricated flexible supercapacitor delivers ultrahigh volumetric energy density of 109.8 mWh cm−3, large capacitance of 506 F cm−3, and good long‐term stability of 12000 cycles.
Construction of Inorganic Crown Ethers by s‐Block‐Metal‐Templated Si−O Bond Activation
Authors: Dankert Fabian , Richter Roman‐Malte , Weigend Florian , Xie Xiulan , Balmer Markus , von Hänisch Carsten 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe herein report the synthesis, structures, coordination ability, and mechanism of formation of silicon analogs of crown ethers. An oligomerization of 2D2 (I) (2Dn,=(Me4Si2O)n) was achieved by the reaction with GaI3 and MIx (M=Li, Na, Mg, Ca, Sr). In these reactions the metal cations serve as template and the anions (I−/[GaI4]−) are required as nucleophiles. In case of MIx=LiI, [Li(2D3)GaI4] (1) is formed. In case of MIx=NaI, MgI2, CaI2, and SrI2 the compounds [M(2D4)(GaI4)x] (M=Mg2+ (3), Ca2+ (4), Sr2+ (5) are obtained. Furthermore the proton complex [H(2D3)][Ga2I7] (6) was isolated and structurally characterized. All complexes were characterized by means of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, DOSY experiments and, except for compound 3, also by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to compare the affinity of M+ to 2Dn and other ligands and to shed light on the formation of larger rings from smaller ones.
Potential Use of Crude Coffee Silverskin Oil in Integrated Bioprocess for Fatty Acids Production
Authors: Andrade Mota Danyelle , dos Santos Barbosa Milson , Kleveston Schneider Jaderson , Silva Lima Álvaro , M. Pereira Matheus , Canielas Krause Laiza , Faria Soares Cleide Mara 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOil from coffee silverskin (CS) is a potential source of fatty acids with promising applications in several industries. Thus, CS crude oil extraction processes were investigated for further enzymatic hydrolysis for fatty acids production. Firstly, Soxhlet (with 150 mL hexane for 8 hours at 70 °C) and ultrasound‐assisted (three times in sequential with 50 mL of hexane for 30 min at 30 °C) extractions were carried out to extract CS oil (3.8% and 3.1%, respectively). The fatty acid profiles obtained by both extraction methods presented a similar composition, shows palmitic (16:0: 32.6–34.4%) and linoleic acids (18:2: 31.5–36.1%) as the main. Then, CS oil extracted by Soxhlet was used as the feedstock for fatty acids production by enzymatic hydrolysis using four commercial lipases. Among the lipases studied,Candida rugosalipase (CRL) displayed a higher hydrolytic activity (1143.70 U g−1), with a maximum hydrolysis degree of 51.94% (acid value of the CS oil increased from 13.4 to 37.5 mg KOH g−1) after 180 min of reaction. Molecular docking analysis showed that interactions between the CRL active site (Ser209 and His449) and palmitic acid, the fatty acid of highest concentration in CS oil (≈35%), lead to higher hydrolytic activity. The integrated process developed is an advance in fatty acid production and valorization of coffee industry waste, since there is still a promising approach yet to be explored that aims at the utilization of residual CS oil.
Fracture toughness of highly ordered liquid crystalline epoxy thermosets achieved by optimized composition of curing agents
Authors: Harada Miyuki , Yamaguchi Kosuke 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLiquid crystalline (LC) epoxy resin was prepared by using different compositions of aromatic amine as curing agents, in order to control curing rates and chemical compositions. The progress of the curing reaction was investigated based on the gel fraction and epoxy groups of conversion determined by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The ordered networked polymer structure was analyzed by polarized optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Highly oriented network chains in the obtained epoxy thermosets were promoted by the incorporation of flexible chains in the network and the provision of sufficient time for vitrification. Furthermore, it was clarified that a curing temperature higher than Tg is required to promote the transition to the smectic LC phase in order to prepare highly ordered epoxy thermosets. The increase in the formed smectic LC phase in the network chains resulted in significant higher fracture toughness and achieved up to 2.7 times higher value.
Local and remote physical processes driving variability of the planktonic system in the Juan Fernández Archipelago: A multidisciplinary framework providing conservation insights
Authors: Parada Carolina , Ernst Billy , Cornejo‐Guzmán Sebastián , Santa Cruz Francisco , Sandoval Belmar Marco , Rivara Pablo , Tapia Braulio , Gauthier Stéphane , Pino‐Aguilera Josefa , Escribano Ruben , Morales Carmen E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

The Juan Fernandez Ridge, a vulnerable marine ecosystem located far off the coast of central Chile and formed by several seamounts, guyots and three islands (Robinson Crusoe, Santa Clara and Alejandro Selkirk), has recently been declared a Coastal Marine Protected Area of Multiple Uses with several National Parks embedded in it.
Recent studies have highlighted the influence of remote and local oceanographic structures on the hydrographic dynamics of this ridge. However, there is still a gap in understanding how they affect the structure and dynamics of the surrounding insular planktonic communities.
A hydroacoustic and oceanographic survey was conducted during the austral spring (October 2016), including hydrographic and zooplankton sampling around Robinson Crusoe Island. Oceanographic features were identified and tracked using satellite data (chlorophyll‐a (Chl‐a) and sea surface temperature) and modelling results.
Two events of Chl‐a increase relative to a threshold (>0.45 mg m−3) were forced by different physical processes, both affecting the western side of Robinson Crusoe Island. In event A during the cruise period, Chl‐a subsurface maxima were associated with the arrival of a coastal meander originating on the continental shelf off Chile (remote process); the zooplankton was dominated by copepods and salps, with an evident coastal–oceanic gradient. In event B, Chl‐a maxima were linked to a local upwelling forced by the intensification of a localized SSW wind. No influence of remote eddies or local Von Kármán vortices on Chl‐a distribution was observed.
These findings highlight the influence of remote and local physical processes on the structure of planktonic communities around Robinson Crusoe Island. Understanding the variability of these mechanisms and their effects at the base of the pelagic food web is critical in adopting an ecosystem‐level approach.
Synthesis and in vitro study of antiproliferative benzyloxy dihydropyrimidinones
Authors: Vala Ruturajsinh M. , Sharma Mayank G. , Patel Divyang M. , Puerta Adrián , Padrón José M. , Ramkumar Venkatachalam , Gardas Ramesh L. , Patel Hitendra M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, we report on antiproliferative benzyloxy dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) produced by the Biginelli reaction of benzyloxy benzaldehyde, urea, and diverse 1,3‐diones. The reaction was catalyzed by lanthanum triflate and completed within 1–1.5 h, with 74–97% yield. The antiproliferative assay was carried out for all synthesized dihydropyrimidinones against six human solid tumor cell lines. Six compounds showed good antiproliferative activity with GI50 values below 5 μM. Among all the synthesized compounds, the most potent derivative showed good antiproliferative activity against all cell lines with GI50 values in the range of 1.1–3.1 μM. These DHPMs comply with druglikeness. Furthermore, ADMET prediction and the effect of P‐glycoprotein on the antiproliferative activity were also studied. Overall, our method allows eco‐friendly access to benzyloxy DHPMs as potential anticancer drugs.
Fluorescence modulation of naphthalene containing salicyl hydrazide‐based receptor through aggregation‐induced emission enhancement approach: Dual detection of lanthanum and cyanide ions in semi‐aqueous medium
Authors: Joshi Pooja , Ali Shah Raj , Rishu  , Bhardwaj Vimal K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe sensing activity of naphthalene containing salicyl hydrazide‐based fluorescence receptor has been improved through aggregation‐induced enhanced emission mechanism approach in semi‐aqueous medium. The receptor has been found to be selective toward La3+ with approximately 70‐fold fluorescence enhancement due to a combined effect of keto‐enol tautomerism inhibition and chelation enhanced fluorescence with a detection limit of 3.91 × 10−6 M. In addition, the receptor is also able to sense CN− with a detection limit of 3.55 × 10−6 M via deprotonation effect, justifying its multiple analyte sensing behaviour. Hence, the current analytical methodology improves the sensing activity of the probe and also provides a greener alternative for La3+ and CN– detection.
Method development for determination of imatinib and its major metabolite, N‐desmethyl imatinib, in biological and environmental samples by SA–SHS–LPME and HPLC
Authors: Rahimi Kakavandi Nader , Asadi Tayebeh , Jannat Behrouz , Abdi Khosrou , Ghazi‐Khansari Mahmoud , Shahali Hossein , Naraki Karim 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA salting‐out‐assisted switchable hydrophilicity solvent‐based liquid phase microextraction (SA–SHS–LPME) was developed for the separation and determination of trace amounts of imatinib and N‐desmethyl imatinib in biological and environmental samples by HPLC–UV. Triethylamine as a hydrophobic compound and protonated triethylamine carbonate as a hydrophilic one were switched by the addition or elimination of CO2. The use of NaOH resulted in the elimination of CO2 from the sample solution, which led to the conversion of P‐TEA‐C into triethylamine (TEA) and as a result, the analytes was extracted and entered the TEA phase. The salting out was performed to speed up the formation of the TEA in the shape of fine droplets in the specimen solution. Furthermore, the impact of several momentous factors that influence the recovery of the extraction was investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the limit of detection and limit of quantification were obtained in ranges of 0.03–0.05 and 0.1–0.15 μg L−1 for imatinib and 0.04–0.06 and 0.13–0.20 μg L−1 for N‐desmethyl imatinib, respectively. The preconcentration factor was 250. Inter‐ and intraday precision (RSD, n = 5) was <5%. In the case of imatinib and N‐desmethyl imatinib in biological and environmental specimens, a range of 97.0–102% was obtained as the recovery.
Intelligent personalised exercise recommendation: A weighted knowledge graph‐based approach
Authors: Lv Pin , Wang Xiaoxin , Xu Jia , Wang Junbin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAs a critical function for intelligent tutoring system services, personalised exercise recommendation plays an important role in boosting the study performance of students. However, recent studies on personalised exercise recommendations have only considered the ability of a student during recommendation and have failed to include the essential relationships between knowledge points, which provide a suitable learning sequence of these knowledge points during a study procedure. In this study, we propose an intelligent exercise recommendation method (weighted knowledge graph‐based recommendation [WKG‐R]) for students, based on weighted knowledge graphs, wherein each node represents a knowledge point weighted by the ability of a student and an arrowed edge between two knowledge points indicates their prerequisite relationship. The novelty of WKG‐R can be summarised as follows: (1) It makes a leading attempt to quantify the ability of a student based on various testing behaviours and (2) it attempts to employ the ability of a student and the prerequisite dependencies between knowledge points for enhancing the effectiveness of personalised exercise recommendation. A real classroom teaching practice was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed WKG‐R method. The experimental results demonstrated the distinct advantage of WKG‐R in improving the testing scores of students as compared with contemporary solutions. The average score improvement ratio of students for WKG‐R is up to 33%, whereas for the state‐of‐the‐art solution, it is only 22%. The questionnaires collected from the students also reflected a higher level of satisfaction towards WKG‐R than with the contemporary solutions.
Cardiogenic shock in thyroid storm: A biventricular impella (Bi‐Pella) approach
Authors: Caruso Evan , Iliadis Elias 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe use of biventricular impella support in patients with acute, reversible causes of biventricular cardiogenic shock may play a role in shortening the time to recovery and preventing significant negative outcomes such as renal or hepatic failure.
Modified combined radiotherapy for cervical cancer in kidney transplant recipient
Authors: P. Matylevich Olga , B. Shushkevich Aleksander , A. Suslova Valentina , A. Perevoschikov Pavel , A. Mavrichev Siarhei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe management of locally advanced cervical cancer in patients with a pelvic kidney transplant is challenging because standard chemoradiotherapy may increase the risk of ureteral stenosis and obstruction or vascular damage of the graft. In the absence of clear guidelines, these patients should be treated using high‐precision modern radiotherapy technique.
Multimilligram‐scale production implementation of atropisomers of 2,2′‐bis(2,2′‐bithiophene‐5‐yl)‐3,3′‐bithianaphthene
Authors: Rosetti Alessia , Bonetti Giorgia , Villani Claudio , Benincori Tiziana , Cirilli Roberto 
Published: February 2021

Abstract2,2′‐Bis[2‐(5,2′‐bithienyl)]‐3,3′‐bithianaphthene (1) is the progenitor of a class of C2 symmetric thiophene‐based electroactive monomers that, when electrooxidized in the enantiomerically pure form, produce inherently chiral films endowed with outstanding electrochemical enantiorecognition properties. The enantioselective high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the only approach used so far to resolve the racemic form of 1 into enantiomers. In this work, an improved HPLC method for multimilligram enantiomer production is presented. Key factors controlling the enantioseparation, such as mobile phase composition and column temperature, were identified using a 100 × 4.6 mm i.d. Chiralpak IB‐3 column and subsequently scaled up to a 250 × 10.0 mm i.d. Chiralpak IB column. In the optimized semipreparative conditions, about 34 mg of pure (P) and (M) enantiomers per hour could be produced.
Target Designing Phase Transition Materials through Halogen Substitution
Authors: Cheng Hao , Yang Meng‐Juan , Xu Yu‐Qiu , Li Meng‐Zhen , Ai Yong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCrystalline materials have received extensive attention due to their extraordinary physical and chemical properties. Among them, phase transition materials have attracted great attention in the fields of photovoltaic, switchable dielectric devices, and ferroelectric memories, etc. However, many of them suffer from low phase transition temperatures, which limits their practical application. In this work, we systematically designed crystalline materials, (TMXM)2PtCl6 (X=F, Cl, Br, I) through halogen substitution on the cations, aiming to improving phase transition temperature. The resulting phase transition of (TMXM)2PtCl6 (X=F, Cl, Br, I) get a significant enhancement, compared to the parent compound [(CH3)4N]2PtCl6 ((TM)2PtCl6). Such phase transition temperature enhancement can be attributed to the introduction of halogen atoms that increase the potential energy barrier of the cation rotation. In addition, (TMBM)2PtCl6 and (TMIM)2PtCl6 have a low symmetry and crystallize in the space group C2/c and P212121, respectively. This work highlights the halogen substitution in designing crystal materials with high phase transition temperature.
A Printed Paper‐Based Anion Sensor Array for Multi‐Analyte Classification: On‐Site Quantification of Glyphosate
Authors: Zhang Zhoujie , Hamedpour Vahid , Lyu Xiaojun , Sasaki Yui , Minami Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe report a paper‐based chemosensor array device (PCSAD) for the quantitative detection of oxyanions including the herbicide glyphosate (GlyP) in aqueous media. The mechanism of the oxyanion detection relies on a coordination‐binding‐based sensor array. In this study, the competitive coordination binding among Zn2+, four catechol dyes, and seven oxyanions caused noticeable colour changes. The colour changes were employed for qualitative and quantitative analyses using an in‐house automated image‐processing algorithm with pattern recognition for digital images. A linear discrimination analysis discerned similarly structured oxyanions with 100 % accuracy. The regression analysis allowed the accurate quantification of GlyP in the herbicide products with a limit of detection of 16 mg/L, which is lower than the health advisory value for children (20 mg/L) stipulated by the environmental protection agency (EPA). PCSAD is a powerful sensor device for the on‐site quantification of aqueous anions for environmental assessment.
SIDO: A single‐input double‐output energy harvesting architecture operating in burst mode with 74.87% peak end‐to‐end efficiency
Authors: Umaz Ridvan 
Published: February 2021

SummaryA single‐input double‐output (SIDO) energy harvesting architecture implemented with the off‐the‐shelf components is presented in this paper. The proposed SIDO consists of a step‐up converter, a supercapacitor, an output routing control circuit (ORCC), and two output power switches for two loads. Once the supercapacitor charges to a maximum voltage level of nearly 3.7 V, output power switches are successively turned on by the ORCC for a short period of time (i.e., burst mode). The proposed SIDO supports output total power range from 2.694 to 196.76 mW which is in the range of 1.684 to 122.975 times greater than the maximum power available from the ambient energy source (e.g., 1.6 mW) due to the burst mode. Also, the proposed SIDO achieves a peak end‐to‐end efficiency of 74.87% with the self‐starting, that is, no need of batteries other than the ambient energy source. As compared with prior work, the proposed SIDO supports the heaviest loads (e.g., total power of 196.76 mW) and achieves a wide support range with the burst mode operation and starts the operation from the lowest input voltage without the need of the external power source.
Size but not relatedness drives the spatial distribution of males within an urban population of Anolis carolinensis lizards
Authors: Weber William David , Anthony Nicola M. , Lailvaux Simon P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe way that individuals are spatially organized in their environment is a fundamental population characteristic affecting social structure, mating system, and reproductive ecology. However, for many small or cryptic species, the factors driving the spatial distribution of individuals within a population are poorly understood and difficult to quantify. We combined microsatellite data, remote sensing, and mark–recapture techniques to test the relative importance of body size and relatedness in determining the spatial distribution of male Anolis carolinensis individuals within a focal population over a five‐year period. We found that males maintain smaller home ranges than females. We found no relationship between male body size and home range size, nor any substantial impact of relatedness on the geographic proximity. Instead, the main driver of male spatial distribution in this population was differences in body size. We also found no evidence for offspring inheritance of their parent's territories. Males were never sampled within their father's territory providing strong support for male‐biased dispersal. This study introduces a novel approach by combining standard mark release capture data with measures of pairwise relatedness, body size, and GPS locations to better understand the factors that drive the spatial distribution of individuals within a population.
3D genital shape complexity in female marine mammals
Authors: Orbach Dara N. , Brassey Charlotte A. , Gardiner James D. , Brennan Patricia L. R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractComparisons of 3D shapes have recently been applied to diverse anatomical structures using landmarking techniques. However, discerning evolutionary patterns can be challenging for structures lacking homologous landmarks. We used alpha shape analyses to quantify vaginal shape complexity in 40 marine mammal specimens including cetaceans, pinnipeds, and sirenians. We explored phylogenetic signal and the potential roles of natural and sexual selection on vaginal shape evolution. Complexity scores were consistent with qualitative observations. Cetaceans had a broad range of alpha complexities, while pinnipeds were comparatively simple and sirenians were complex. Intraspecific variation was found. Three‐dimensional surface heat maps revealed that shape complexity was driven by invaginations and protrusions of the vaginal wall. Phylogenetic signal was weak and metrics of natural selection (relative neonate size) and sexual selection (relative testes size, sexual size dimorphism, and penis morphology) did not explain vaginal complexity patterns. Additional metrics, such as penile shape complexity, may yield interesting insights into marine mammal genital coevolution. We advocate for the use of alpha shapes to discern patterns of evolution that would otherwise not be possible in 3D anatomical structures lacking homologous landmarks.