bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High frequency of potential phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor drug interactions in males with HIV infection and erectile dysfunction
Authors: Cota Jason M. , Benavides Taylor M. , Fields John D. , Jansen Nathan , Ganesan Anuradha , Colombo Rhonda E. , Blaylock Jason M. , Maves Ryan C. , Agan Brian K. , Okulicz Jason F. 
Published: May 2021

Objectives
We sought to determine the prevalence of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE-5) mediated drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in males with HIV infection receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and identify factors associated with PDE-5-mediated DDIs.

Methods
Male US Military HIV Natural History Study participants diagnosed with erectile dysfunction (ED) and having a PDE-5 inhibitor and potentially-interacting ART co-dispensed within 30 days were included. DDIs were defined according to criteria found in published guidelines and drug information resources. The primary outcome of interest was overall PDE-5 inhibitor-mediated DDI prevalence and episode duration. A secondary logistic regression analysis was performed on those with and without DDIs to identify factors associated with initial DDI episode.

Results
A total of 235 male participants with ED met inclusion criteria. The majority were White (50.6%) or African American (40.4%). Median age at medication co-dispensing (45 years), duration of HIV infection (14 years), and duration of ED (1 year) did not differ between the two groups (p>0.05 for all). PDE-5 inhibitors included sildenafil (n = 124), vardenafil (n = 99), and tadalafil (n = 14). ART regimens included RTV-boosted protease inhibitors (PIs) atazanavir (n = 83) or darunavir (n = 34), and COBI-boosted elvitegravir (n = 43). Potential DDIs occurred in 181 (77.0%) participants, of whom 122 (67.4%) had multiple DDI episodes. The median DDI duration was 8 (IQR 1–12) months. In multivariate analyses, non-statistically significant higher odds of DDIs were observed with RTV-boosted PIs or PI-based ART (OR 2.13, 95% CI 0.85–5.37) and in those with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (OR 1.74, 95% CI 0.83–3.64).

Conclusions
PDE-5-mediated DDIs were observed in the majority of males with HIV infection on RTV- or COBI-boosted ART in our cohort. This study highlights the importance of assessing for DDIs among individuals on ART, especially those on boosted regimens.
Assessing private provider perceptions and the acceptability of video observed treatment technology for tuberculosis treatment adherence in three cities across Viet Nam
Authors: Nguyen Lan Huu , Tran Phuong Thi Minh , Dam Thu Anh , Forse Rachel Jeanette , Codlin Andrew James , Huynh Huy Ba , Dong Thuy Thi Thu , Nguyen Giang Hoai , Truong Vinh Van , Dang Ha Thi Minh , Nguyen Tuan Dinh , Nguyen Hoa Binh , Nguyen Nhung Viet , Khan Amera , Creswell Jacob , Vo Luan Nguyen Quang 
Published: May 2021

Background
The World Health Organization recently recommended Video Observed Therapy (VOT) as one option for monitoring tuberculosis (TB) treatment adherence. There is evidence that private sector TB treatment has substandard treatment follow-up, which could be improved using VOT. However, acceptability of VOT in the private sector has not yet been evaluated.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey employing a theoretical framework for healthcare intervention acceptability to measure private provider perceptions of VOT across seven constructs in three cities of Viet Nam: Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh City, and Hai Phong. We investigated the differences in private providers’ attitudes and perceptions of VOT using mixed ordinal models to test for significant differences in responses between groups of providers stratified by their willingness to use VOT.

Results
A total of 79 private providers completed the survey. Sixty-two providers (75%) indicated they would use VOT if given the opportunity. Between private providers who would and would not use VOT, there were statistically significant differences (p≤0.001) in the providers’ beliefs that VOT would help identify side effects faster and in their confidence to monitor treatment and provide differentiated care with VOT. There were also significant differences in providers’ beliefs that VOT would save them time and money, address problems faced by their patients, benefit their practice and patients, and be relevant for all their patients.

Conclusion
Private providers who completed the survey have positive views towards using VOT and specific subpopulations acknowledge the value of integrating VOT into their practice. Future VOT implementation in the private sector should focus on emphasizing the benefits and relevance of VOT during recruitment and provide programmatic support for implementing differentiated care with the technology.
Predictive performance of oximetry in detecting sleep apnea in surgical patients with cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Waseem Rida , Chan Matthew T. V. , Wang Chew Yin , Seet Edwin , Chung Frances 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
In adults with cardiovascular risk factors undergoing major noncardiac surgery, unrecognized obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was associated with postoperative cardiovascular complications. There is a need for an easy and accessible home device in predicting sleep apnea. The objective of the study is to determine the predictive performance of the overnight pulse oximetry in predicting OSA in at-risk surgical patients.

Methods
This was a planned post-hoc analysis of multicenter prospective cohort study involving 1,218 at-risk surgical patients without prior diagnosis of sleep apnea. All patients underwent home sleep apnea testing (ApneaLink Plus, ResMed) simultaneously with pulse oximetry (PULSOX-300i, Konica Minolta Sensing, Inc). The predictive performance of the 4% oxygen desaturation index (ODI) versus apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) were determined.

Results
Of 1,218 patients, the mean age was 67.2 ± 9.2 years and body mass index (BMI) was 27.0 ± 5.3 kg/m2. The optimal cut-off for predicting moderate-to-severe and severe OSA was ODI ≥15 events/hour. For predicting moderate-to-severe OSA (AHI ≥15), the sensitivity and specificity of ODI ≥ 15 events per hour were 88.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.7–90.6) and 95.4% (95% CI, 94.2–96.4). For severe OSA (AHI ≥30), the sensitivity and specificity were 97.2% (95% CI, 92.7–99.1) and 78.8% (95% CI, 78.2–79.0). The area under the curve (AUC) for moderate-to-severe and severe OSA was 0.983 (95% CI, 0.977–0.988) and 0.979 (95% CI, 0.97–0.909) respectively.

Discussion
ODI from oximetry is sensitive and specific in predicting moderate-to-severe or severe OSA in at-risk surgical population. It provides an easy, accurate, and accessible tool for at-risk surgical patients with suspected OSA.
Age and remission induction therapy for acute myeloid leukemia: An analysis of data from the Korean acute myeloid leukemia registry
Authors: Yoo Kwai Han , Kim Hyeoung-Joon , Min Yoo Hong , Hong Dae-Sik , Lee Won Sik , Kim Hee-Je , Shin Ho-Jin , Park Yong , Lee Je-Hwan , Kim Hawk 
Published: May 2021

Objective
The clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are influenced by patients’ age. We evaluated the impact of age on remission induction therapy for AML.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 3,011 adult AML patients identified from a nationwide database between January 2007 and December 2011.

Results
Three hundred twenty-nine (10.9%) acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and 2,682 (89.1%) non-APL patients were analyzed. The median age was 51 years and 55% of patients were male. Six hundred twenty-three patients (21%) were at favorable risk, 1522 (51%) were at intermediate risk, and 743 (25%) were at poor risk. As the age increased, the proportion of those at favorable risk and who received induction chemotherapy decreased. After induction therapy, complete response (CR) was achieved in 81.5% (243/298) of APL and 62.4% (1,409/2,258) of non-APL patients; these rates decreased as the age increased, with an obvious decrement in those older than 60 years. The median overall survival of non-APL patients was 18.7 months, while that of APL patients was not reached, with a 75% five-year survival rate.

Conclusions
Age impacts both the biology and clinical outcomes of AML patients. Further studies should confirm the role of induction remission chemotherapy by age group.
Evaluation of a marker independent isolation method for circulating tumor cells in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Philippron Annouck , Depypere Lieven , Oeyen Steffi , De Laere Bram , Vandeputte Charlotte , Nafteux Philippe , De Preter Katleen , Pattyn Piet 
Published: May 2021

Objective
The enrichment of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood provides a minimally invasive method for biomarker discovery in cancer. Longitudinal interrogation allows monitoring or prediction of therapy response, detection of minimal residual disease or progression, and determination of prognosis. Despite inherent phenotypic heterogeneity and differences in cell surface marker expression, most CTC isolation technologies typically use positive selection. This necessitates the optimization of marker-independent CTC methods, enabling the capture of heterogenous CTCs. The aim of this report is to compare a size-dependent and a marker-dependent CTC-isolation method, using spiked esophageal cells in healthy donor blood and blood from patients diagnosed with esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Methods
Using esophageal cancer cell lines (OE19 and OE33) spiked into blood of a healthy donor, we investigated tumor cell isolation by Parsortix post cell fixation, immunostaining and transfer to a glass slide, and benchmarked its performance against the CellSearch system. Additionally, we performed DEPArray cell sorting to infer the feasibility to select and isolate cells of interest, aiming towards downstream single-cell molecular characterization in future studies. Finally, we measured CTC prevalence by Parsortix in venous blood samples from patients with various esophageal adenocarcinoma tumor stages.

Results
OE19 and OE33 cells were spiked in healthy donor blood and subsequently processed using CellSearch (n = 16) or Parsortix (n = 16). Upon tumor cell enrichment and enumeration, the recovery rate ranged from 76.3 ± 23.2% to 21.3 ± 9.2% for CellSearch and Parsortix, respectively. Parsortix-enriched and stained cell fractions were successfully transferred to the DEPArray instrument with preservation of cell morphology, allowing isolation of cells of interest. Finally, despite low CTC prevalence and abundance, Parsortix detected traditional CTCs (i.e. cytokeratin+/CD45-) in 8/29 (27.6%) of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, of whom 50% had early stage (I-II) disease.

Conclusions
We refined an epitope-independent isolation workflow to study CTCs in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. CTC recovery using Parsortix was substantially lower compared to CellSearch when focusing on the traditional CTC phenotype with CD45-negative and cytokeratin-positive staining characteristics. Future research could determine if this method allows downstream molecular interrogation of CTCs to infer new prognostic and predictive biomarkers on a single-cell level.
Assessment of body composition in spinal cord injury: A scoping review
Authors: van der Scheer Jan W. , Totosy de Zepetnek Julia O. , Blauwet Cheri , Brooke-Wavell Katherine , Graham-Paulson Terri , Leonard Amber N. , Webborn Nick , Goosey-Tolfrey Victoria L. 
Published: May 2021

The objective of this scoping review was to map the evidence on measurement properties of body composition tools to assess whole-body and regional fat and fat-free mass in adults with SCI, and to identify research gaps in order to set future research priorities. Electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane library were searched up to April 2020. Included studies employed assessments related to whole-body or regional fat and/or fat-free mass and provided data to quantify measurement properties that involved adults with SCI. All searches and data extractions were conducted by two independent reviewers. The scoping review was designed and conducted together with an expert panel (n = 8) that represented research, clinical, nutritional and lived SCI experience. The panel collaboratively determined the scope and design of the review and interpreted its findings. Additionally, the expert panel reached out to their professional networks to gain further stakeholder feedback via interactive practitioner surveys and workshops with people with SCI. The research gaps identified by the review, together with discussions among the expert panel including consideration of the survey and workshop feedback, informed the formulation of future research priorities. A total of 42 eligible articles were identified (1,011 males and 143 females). The only tool supported by studies showing both acceptable test-retest reliability and convergent validity was whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The survey/workshop participants considered the measurement burden of DXA acceptable as long as it was reliable, valid and would do no harm (e.g. radiation, skin damage). Practitioners considered cost and accessibility of DXA major barriers in applied settings. The survey/workshop participants expressed a preference towards simple tools if they could be confident in their reliability and validity. This review suggests that future research should prioritize reliability and validity studies on: (1) DXA as a surrogate ‘gold standard’ tool to assess whole-body composition, regional fat and fat-free mass; and (2) skinfold thickness and waist circumference as practical low-cost tools to assess regional fat mass in persons with SCI, and (3) females to explore potential sex differences of body composition assessment tools.
Registration review protocol: CRD42018090187 (PROSPERO).
Knowledge and beliefs about the use/abuse of oral contraceptive pills among males: A mixed-method explanatory sequential study in community pharmacy settings
Authors: Barakat Muna , Al-Qudah Raja’a , Akour Amal , Abu-Asal Mona , Thiab Samar , Dallal Bashi Yahya H. 
Published: May 2021

Background
Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are considered one of the most important birth control methods globally. However, these pills were designed for female administration rather than males. This study was designed to investigate patterns of OCPs use and abuse among Jordanian males, according to the community pharmacists’ observations.

Method
A mixed-method explanatory sequential study was conducted using an online self-administered survey, followed by semi-structured in-depth interviews for registered pharmacists, assistant pharmacists and pharmacy interns. The interviews were utilized using a conceptual framework. Inductive thematic analysis and descriptive/regression analyses were completed using Nvivo and SPSS, respectively.

Results
A total of 158 questionnaire responses and 22 interviews were included in our analysis. Around half (48.4%) of the questionnaire responses confirmed that males could use OCPs for hair growth enhancement, muscle gain and acne treatment 12.7%, 31.7% and 4.4%, respectively. Through the interviews, the participating pharmacists highlighted that males use OCPs mostly for bodybuilding purposes, according to recommendations by their coaches at the gym. The most abused OCPs containing estrogen (Ethinyl estradiol) and progestins (Drospirenone or Levonorgestrel).

Conclusion
This study provided insight into unexpected uses of OCPs by males in Jordan. Community pharmacists have a crucial role in the management of OCPs use and abuse. However, restricted regulations and monitoring must be released and implemented on the community to limit such practices.
Pediatric high users of Canadian hospitals and emergency departments
Authors: Tiller Ryan , Chan Kevin , Knight John C. , Chafe Roger 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
Few studies have examined the most frequent pediatric users of hospital services. Our objective was to determine the clinical diagnoses, demographic characteristics, and medical severity of high-use pediatric patients in Canada.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients <18 years of age who either were admitted to hospital or visited an emergency department (ED) using the Canadian Institute for Health Information’s (CIHI) Dynamic Cohort of Complex, High System Users. The analysis of hospital admission data excluded Quebec and Manitoba. ED data was only available for Alberta and Ontario.

Results
121 104 patients were identified as the most frequent hospital users and 459 998 patients as the most frequent ED users. High users were more likely to reside in a rural community, to be in a lower income quintile, and face more deprivation. The most frequent conditions for hospitalization for high use patients were disorders related to length of prematurity and fetal growth, respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period, and haemorrhagic and haematological disorders of fetus and newborn. For the most frequent ED users, the most common clinical diagnoses were acute upper respiratory infections, injuries to the head, and diseases of the middle ear and mastoid.

Conclusion
Pediatric high users by frequency of hospital and ED services are a distinct population. Better understanding their characteristics will allow for more appropriate planning of children’s health services and help identify areas for effective preventive or quality improvement initiatives.
Afrotopia – Afrika helye és lehetséges integrációja egy új világrendben
Authors: Benkes Mihály 
Published: May 2021

Benkes Mihály a következő művet mutatta be:
Felwine Sarr: Afrotopia. Reinventer l’Afrique. (Éd. Philippe Rey), 2016, French and European Publications Inc., pp. 157.
Odnos zadovoljstva odabirom učiteljske profesije i nekih čimbenika odabira
Authors: Jurković Denis 
Published: May 2021

Istraživanje je provedeno u ak god. 2017./2018., među studentima Odjela za nastavničke studije u Gospiću Sveučilišta u Zadru. Cilj je rada bio korištenjem FIT-Choice skale, ustanoviti vezu između zadovoljstva odabirom učiteljske profesije i nekih čimbenika odabira iste. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da se studenti različitih godina studija statistički značajno razlikuju u shvaćanju važnosti plaće kao motivacijskog čimbenika za odabir učiteljske profesije te da postoji pozitivna i statistički značajna povezanost između zadovoljstva odabirom učiteljske profesije i sposobnosti, intrinzične vrijednosti poučavanja, djelovanja na budućnost djece te motivacije za rad s djecom. Nadalje, istraživanjem smo pokazali i da je zadovoljstvo odabirom učiteljske profesije statistički značajno i negativno povezano s odabirom ove profesije kao zamjenske što je, kao i prethodni navedeni nalazi, u skladu s rezultatima drugih istraživanja. Pokazalo se da je intrinzična vrijednost poučavanja najznačajniji prediktor ukupnoga zadovoljstva odabranom profesijom. Na koncu, ovim smo istraživanjem pokušali ponuditi smjernice i poticaje za neka buduća istraživanja koja su povezana s gore navedenim odnosima.
KARTOGRAFIJA U SLUŽBI MLETAČKE DRŽAVE: KARTA SJEVERNE I SREDNJE DALMACIJE NEPOZNATOG AUTORA S POČETKA 16. STOLJEĆA
Authors: Juran Kristijan , Faričić Josip , Barzman Karen-Edis 
Published: May 2021

U radu je analizirana rukopisna karta srednje i dijela sjeverne Dalmacije nepoznatog autora, nastala, po svoj prilici, u prvom desetljeću 16. stoljeća. Ta je karta najstariji sačuvani detaljni prikaz neke hrvatske regije, a pohranjena je u Državnom arhivu u Veneciji (Archivio di Stato di Venezia). Analizom geografskih i toponomastičkih podataka koji su u nju ugrađeni te korelacijom tih podataka s arhivskim vrelima i drugim ranonovovjekovnim kartama, utvrđeno je da je ona što se tiče kvantitete i kvalitete sadržaja činila značajan iskorak u vizualizaciji prostorne stvarnosti. Stoga je riječ o dragocjenom kartografskom spomeniku, nezaobilaznom za povijesno-geografska istraživanja Hrvatske i Jadrana kao arene višestoljetne vojnopolitičke konfrontacije Mletačke Republike, Ugarsko-Hrvatskoga Kraljevstva (od
1527. pod vlašću habsburške dinastije) i Osmanskoga Carstva.
Status epilepticus and diabetes ketoacidosis: uncommon clinical presentations of acromegaly
Authors: Chamba Nyasatu G , Amour Ahlam A , Sadiq Abid M , Lyamuya Tecla R , Assey Emmanuel V , Sadiq Adnan M , Howlett William P 
Published: May 2021

Summary
Acromegaly is a rare disease caused by hypersecretion of the growth hormone (GH). Most cases are caused by either pituitary microadenoma or macroadenoma. The GH producing tumors present with clinical manifestations of acromegaly due to excessive GH secretion or symptoms resulting from mass effects of the enlarging tumor. The physical changes are usually slow and, therefore, recognition of the disease is delayed. These adenomas are never malignant but can have significant morbidity and mortality. A subgroup of patients with acromegaly present with severe hyperglycemia resulting in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) which requires insulin. Rarely are pituitary tumors responsible for generalized convulsions except when they are too large. We hereby present two cases, the first is that of a 26-year-old female who presented with new onset status epilepticus, DKA with a 1-year history of diabetes mellitus (DM). On examination, she had clinical features of acromegaly. The second case is that of a 34-year-old female who presented with new onset status epilepticus, hyperglycemia with a history of recently diagnosed DM, and features of gigantism. In both cases, their diagnosis was confirmed by elevated serum GH and later by elevated insulin-like growth factor type 1 levels, and CT of the head demonstrating large pituitary macroadenoma. The importance of clinical history and examination, as well as investigations is vital in the recognition of acromegaly. The prognosis of acromegalic patients depends on early clinical recognition and tumor size reduction by either medical or surgical therapy.

Learning points

Conditions such as status epilepticus and DKA may be clinical presentations in patients presenting with acromegaly.

Seizures are rare in people with pituitary adenoma and typically occur when the tumor invades the suprasellar area due to mass effect on the brain.

This article shows how best we were able to manage the acromegaly complications in a low resource setting.

Hyperprolactinemia in acromegaly may be due to disruption of the normal dopaminergic inhibition of prolactin secretion due to mass effect of the macroadenoma, and around 25% of GH-secreting adenomas co-secrete prolactin.
Contabilidad y género, un camino por recorrer
Authors: Valero Gloria Milena 
Published: May 2021

Los estudios de género en las diferentes áreas disciplinares y de desempeño profesional o laboral llegaron para quedarse, lo que es muy valioso porque permite resaltar las dinámicas persistentes de segregación, falta de representación, subordinación entre otros aspectos que se han normalizado en las sociedades del mundo, de tal forma, que no se vuelvan parte del paisaje; por tal razón esta editorial tiene la intensión de visibilizar las investigaciones que se vienen desarrollando alrededor de la temática de contabilidad y género en Colombia, las cuales se han gestado en la academia desde la investigación formal como formativa, resaltando lo señalado por Scott (2008) en torno a cómo “los estudios sobre las mujeres no sólo añadirían nuevos asuntos a tratar, sino que también forzarían un nuevo examen crítico de las premisas y los criterios existentes en los trabajos universitarios” (p. 50); lo anterior, sin perder de vista que los estudios de género abordan las distintas interacciones sociales que pueden darse entre mujeres y hombre, en particular “las relaciones simbólicas de poder” (Scott, 2008, p. 65).