bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface, Subsurface Drip and Nano-Oozing Irrigation Effects on Some Physical Characteristics of Tillage and Untilled Soil
Authors: El-Obeid A. K. , El-Shaabani E. M. H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in Habbaniyah sub-district / Khaldiya district / Anbar governorate, western Iraq, in silty loam soil during the autumn season 2020, to study the effect of surface and subsurface drip irrigation and nanotechnology spurting on the bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity and penetration in plowed and non-Tillage soil. Irrigation was performed upon depletion of 50% of the prepared water, and the treatments were distributed according to the Nested-Factorial Experiments Design with three replications. Corn was planted, (Furat class), on 7/15/2020. The American evaporation basin Class A used for irrigation as a first indicator.The results showed an increase in bulk density after planting in general in surface drip irrigation, it reached 1.45 mg.m3 and 1.38 mg.m3 in subsurface irrigation for both of the tillage systems, while the tillage process didn’t significantly affect the bulk density values. The values of saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased after planting in general compared to before planting, except for the non-tillage irrigation treatment, which increased from 9.28 to 10.31 cm hr -1, penetration decreased from 6.58kg cm2 before planting to 1.83 after cultivation without tillage, while the opposite occurred in non-Tillage soils,which increased from 0.63 kg.cm2 before planting to 1.28 kg.cm2.
Effect of adding Toxisorb Premium, vitamin E, glucosamine, and Saccharomyces Cerevisiae to contaminated rations with aflatoxin B1- on aflatoxin B1 concentration in the liver and eggs of laying hen
Authors: Ali M. H. , Al-Hamdani A. A. Y. , Alwan M. A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study was conducted to demonstrate effect of adding Toxisorb Premium, vitamin E, glucosamine, and Saccharomyces Cerevisiae to contaminated rations with aflatoxin B1- on aflatoxin B1 concentration in the liver and eggs of laying hen. One hundred sixty Brown Lohman laying hens were used, all hens were distributed randomly into eight treatments, each treatment had 4 replicates, each replicator has 5 chickens were distributed in cages after dividing them into 32 pens. This experiment was conducted for twenty weeks (140 days), first treatment (T1) was an essential diet without addition, and it was considered as control group, (T2) was an essential diet with aflatoxin added at a concentration of 2 mg/kg feed, (T3) was a standard diet with an Toxisorb Premium added at a concentration of 4 g/kg feed + 2 mg aflatoxin, (T4) was a based diet with added vitamin E at a concentration of 300 mg/kg feed + 2mg aflatoxin, (T5) was a base diet with glucosamin 100 mg/kg feed +2 mg aflatoxin, (T6) was a basic ration with added Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (SC) 4 g/kg feed +2 mg aflatoxin, (T7) was a basic ration with added mixture of (Toxisorb Premium + vitamin E + (SC)+ aflatoxin) with concentration of 4 gm + 300 mg + 4 g + 2 mg / kg feed respectively, The second group was significant increase competed with ( first, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth groups) in residual aflatoxin B1 in the liver and eggs, The residual aflatoxin toxins in the liver and eggs were (10.7 and 4.6 ppm) respectively. We concluded from this study that the feed additives reduced aflatoxin B1 concentration in the liver and eggs and increased the cells’ resistance to eliminating these toxins.
A new approach in production system of local layer in Iraqi Kurdistan Region
Authors: Al-Sardary S. Y. T. , Mustafa H. A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the effect organic system on performance of local layer as a first attempt to apply organic system in the area. A total 360 one-day-old local mixed colored hatched at Evan hatchery- Erbil from eggs brought agricultural research Baghdad chicks were reared in 18 pen s indoor 2×2 m for the first 18 weeks of bird’s age and each box represented a replicate contains of 20 chicks At beginning of birds assigned to the same condition and fed the weekly requirement according to Isa Brown guide (2018) on two types of fees as commercial and organic .Birds were randomly divided into six (6) treatment groups and three (3) replicates per treatment- first treatment (T1): as control their full requirements according to Isa Brown layers guide (2018) fed commercial feed reared indoor house, second treatment (T2): birds fed organic feed full requirements according to Isa Brown layers guide (2018) reared indoor house, third treatment (T3): birds fed 75% of full requirements commercial feed + pasture indoor and outdoor, fourth treatment (T4): birds fed 75% full requirement organic feed + pasture indoor and outdoor, fifth treatment (T5): birds fed full requirements according to Isa Brown layers guide (2018) commercial feed + pasture indoor and outdoor housed, while sixth treatment (T6): birds fed full requirements according to Isa Brown layers guide (2018) organic feed + pasture indoor and outdoor housed. At the beginning of week 19 all birds had free access to pasture through a hole from indoor to the outdoor except control T1 and T2 birds housed indoor. The outdoor area measured 2 × 10 m (1 m2/bird) for each box and separated by fence. The outdoor area designed to provide bird a natural behavior and covered with alfalfa (Medicago sativa).The results of this study indicates that haugh unit was (67.14). Total UFA and n-3 in T2 of local egg were higher (P<0.01) than other treatments. T3 had higher content of n-6 (21.13). Birds in T6 of local strain had higher (P<0.01) percentage of amino acids among treatments. The significant difference found between treatments of local strains profit for both eggs and hen with eggs. Significant differences found among treatments for sensory evaluation of local egg. T6 had higher (P<0.01) score of overall acceptances. . in this study results showed that local strain able to perform under organic and commercial condition. The egg properties and fatty, amino and sensory evaluation of local eggs under different production system were differed. Profits from eggs and eggs with hens were different depending on the production systems.
The Role of Extension Farms in Developing the Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes of Farmers in the Provinces of Central Iraq
Authors: Al-Ansari A. I. , Hasan A. M. A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The study aimed to identify the role of extension farms in developing the knowledge and skill capabilities of farmers in the governorates of central Iraq through the following areas (the extent to which extension farms depend on the preparation and planning process, coordination and cooperation with the relevant authorities, the dissemination and transfer of agricultural innovations, the use of modern means of communication, the conduct of Research and development of agricultural innovations to address the problems of farmers, interaction and reactions of farmers with extension farms, the possibilities available). Also, this study dealt with identifying the problems and obstacles facing work in those farms. This study included (66) respondents were representing all extension employees working in extension farms, which numbered (19) farms in (5) provinces. The questionnaire form was used as a tool to collect data from respondents after ensuring its validity and consistency, and results showed that the role of extension farms in developing and developing the knowledge, skills and attitudes of the targeted farmers is weak and not at the required level, and the study showed weakness in process of preparing and planning extension activities, and absence of coordination and cooperation process and integration with the relevant authorities, and there is a great perception in process of spreading and transferring agricultural innovations and the lack of use of modern means of communication to interact with farmers, and that extension farms do not implement scientific research procedures to address the problems and needs of farmers, as it has been shown that there are material and financial problems and obstacles facing the workflow in these farms. The lack of number of extension staff and their weak knowledge and skills expertise, as well as administrative and communication problems. The study included some scientific recommendations to address the weaknesses, which will contribute to improving the performance and efficiency of work in extension farms.
Study on structure strength design of large square opening of jacketed equipment
Authors: Shangguan Zhouxin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to the requirement of process, a large square opening is set through the wall thickness of shell and jacket of a jacked equipment, for which this equipment does not meet the design requirement of “design by rules”. In this paper, the geometric model of this jacketed equipment with large square opening is established, and then the finite element mesh model is obtained by the method of sweep. Based on this, a corresponding load is imposed on the inner and outer wall of the shell, the inner wall of the jacket, the inner wall of the square box flange, and the bolt section of the square box flange. And a fixed constraint is imposed on the cross section of the shell and jacket. Then the stress distribution is obtained by the analysis and calculation of the model. In the high stress areas, stress linearization method is used to check the strength. Different paths are set along the thickness direction of the shell, jacket, square box plate, etc. According to analysis of the results above, it is found that the large square opening structure of jacketed equipment satisfies the strength requirements under the calculated conditions, and the most dangerous area is the joint of square box and square box flange or the joint of shell and nozzle.
Study of fine tapping potential of poor reservoirs in late stage of high water cut
Authors: Xu Bochao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
At present, the oilfield development has entered the late stage of high water cut, and the exploitation objects have been changed to the second and third types of oil layers. The distribution of remaining oil is highly fragmented and complex, and the exploitation difficulty is gradually increasing. In view of a series of geological characteristics of Development Zone A, such as “numerous layers, complex reservoirs, severe phase transition and high viscosity”, the potential tapping technologies of Class II and Class III reservoirs, such as combination of two and three and ASP flooding, have been carried out one after another. In order to further enhance oil recovery and increase recoverable reserves, a large number of fracturing measures have been implemented to increase oil production. In view of the fact that it is more and more difficult to select wells and layers by this measure, we combine the results of fine reservoir description with dynamic data, take Block B as the investigation object, establish the potential pool of sedimentary unit-level measures, recognize the potential distribution of 82 different sedimentary units, clarify the target units of potential tapping measures, and finally explore relatively perfect ways and means to optimize fracturing well layers, and strive to achieve targeted adjustment and accurately tap potential. At present, in the early stage of fracturing in this area, the average daily oil increase of a single well is 7.9 tons, and the above practices also provide empirical reference and guidance for other similar blocks.
Application Analysis of Oil and Gas Safety Active Protection System in the Sealing of Large External Floating Roof Tanks
Authors: Liu Yuedong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the use of large-scale external floating roof storage tanks, the application of sealing performance is very critical, which is related to the safety of storage tanks to a certain extent. In the practical application of storage tanks, it is found that the main cause of fire problems in large oil storage tanks with external floating roof is caused by sealing problems. Therefore, it is very important to deal with the sealing performance of large-scale external floating roof tanks when they are put into use. In this paper, the active safety protection system for large-scale external floating roof storage tanks is analyzed, and its application is analyzed, including its structural design, functional design and working principle design, and its specific application in XX project is put forward.
Study on Mining Subsidence of Mineral Deposit and Overburden Stability Based on Probability Density Function
Authors: Han Bing , Zhang Yan , Fu Qiang , Hou Hanfang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mining subsidence, a major geological disaster caused by underground mining, will seriously damage the land. In this paper, the author predicts the surface subsidence in mining subsidence area of certain mineral deposits and strata condition by applying the Probability Density Function Method, and designs two evaluation schemes for calculation of the overlying rock formation stability. Study results provide a reliable basis for the disastrous governance of mining subsidence in mining areas.
Application of LithoScanner Logging Technology in CO2 Geological Storage Injection Well
Authors: Yan Ping , Yue Xizhou , Kou Xiaopan , Hu Gang , Yin Qian , Chang Jinyu , Lai Fuqiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The formation evaluation in a primary formation of a CO2 sequestration project in Western Australia has been very challenging due to the presence of glauconite and other iron rich minerals. The conventional method cannot handle the mineralogy effects, hence the accurate porosity, clay type and clay content cannot be calculated accurately. The latest generation in spectroscopy technology LithoScanner was brought to the project and run in well A for the first time in Australia. The tool has a high output pulse neutron generator and unique cerium-doped lanthanum bromide (LaBr3:Cr) gamma ray detector. This combination enables the tool to measure both inelastic and capture spectra for an expanded set of elements from that of previous-generation tools. We are measuring elements that make up more than 99% of the average abundance in the earth’s crust. Measuring the elements is the starting point to calculate minerals, matrix density and those are key to obtain accurate reserves estimates (porosity) and build an accurate petrophysical and reservoir model. For well A, the LithoScanner elements weight fractions are used in the Techlog QuantiElan module to solve mineralogy that includes quartz, K-feldspar, calcite, siderite, pyrite, illite, kaolinite, glauconite and chlorite. There is a very good agreement between the computed mineralogy and the mineralogy from core measurements. LithoScanner provides a continuous log of matrix density that is used as an input to porosity calculations. This formation evaluation based on Litho Scanner does not require the subjective inputs from the log analysis, but completely rely on the tool’s reading. It can be used for both simple and complex formation to obtain the good consistency and accurate answers.
Model and Suggestions on Classified Treatment of Rural Domestic Waste
Authors: Fan Zhiguo , Wang Jingwen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The classified treatment of rural domestic waste is an urgent need to promote the Rural Revitalization Strategy and an important way to meet the needs of people’s better life. With the rapid development of rural economy and society and the continuous improvement of farmers’ living standards, how to realize the reduction, recycling and harmless treatment of rural domestic waste has become an urgent issue for economic and social development. Based on the investigation of rural domestic waste classification and resource utilization pilot areas in Shaanxi Province, from the perspective of suppliers, this paper uses case analysis method to compare the basic situation, classification practice mode and suppliers of four pilot villages, and further comprehensively evaluate the domestic waste end classification degree, resource utilization rate and annual unit cost resource utilization of each pilot village Reduction and harmless treatment effect. It is found that: at present, rural domestic waste classification is faced with supply dilemma, institutional dilemma, capital dilemma and Governance Dilemma. To solve these problems, we must start from four aspects: building a diversified supply subject, establishing a long-term stable capital investment mechanism, establishing and improving the relevant legal system and integrated collaborative governance system, so as to promote the formation of farmers’ waste classification habit and form a waste management system Long term mechanism of garbage disposal.
Application of BIM modeling technology in Bridge Engineering
Authors: Su Jinjin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BIM (building information modeling) is a new engineering technology which appears at the beginning of this century. It takes the relevant information data of the project as the model basis, establishes the building model, and simulates the real information of the project through the digital information simulation technology. In recent years, China’s BIM Technology has gradually extended from the construction industry to the transportation industry, and has achieved good application in rail transit, bridge design and other aspects.
Research on Application of Anaerobic Treatment Technology for Domestic Sewage in Rural Areas
Authors: Ding Nan , Zhao Lei , Fei Wen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the view of sewage treatment difficulties in rural areas and the needs of technological development, anaerobic treatment technology is analyzed from two aspects: technical principles and technical applications. Analysis believes that anaerobic treatment technology can strengthen the removal of refractory organic matter, nitrogen pollutants and sulfates, then improve the harmlessness of rural sewage. It has strong convenience in operation and requires less treatment costs. Anaerobic treatment technology is regarded as the most suitable technology foreign countries to treat the water environment in rural areas, and it has been widely used in domestic sewage treatment. Based on this, this article comprehensively analyzes the anaerobic treatment technology, and the application of anaerobic biological filter, UASB, UMAR and others in rural domestic sewage treatment.
Research on the construction of green transport network for construction waste
Authors: Zhang Saisai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of my country’s construction industry, soil, groundwater damage and environmental pollution caused by construction waste are becoming more and more serious. Therefore, research on the location, classification and treatment of construction waste is very important to conserve resources and protect the environment. Starting from the construction of a construction waste green operation network, this paper first briefly analyzes the operation characteristics of construction waste logistics, including the positioning, classification, treatment mode and treatment process of construction waste, by consulting a large number of literature materials. Then, from the perspective of supply chain and green sustainable development, a green transport network of construction waste is set up to provide a foundation for the disposal of construction waste and the protection of environmental resources.
Harm and countermeasure of indoor air pollution
Authors: Wang Yingchun , Zhang Zijing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to the rapid development of the economy, the consumption of coal, oil and other fossil fuels increases year by year, resulting in the problem of air pollution is also increasing. Economic development has also brought about people’s pursuit of quality of life, air pollution on the comfort of life and even human health, will affect. Therefore, not only outdoor air pollution, but also indoor air pollution has gradually received attention [1]. According to the investigation results of the U.S. Environmental Protection Administration, the concentration of indoor air pollutants is at least 2-5 times that of outdoor pollutants, and sometimes can even reach 100 times that of outdoor pollutants [2]. These particles are usually smaller than 10μm in size and can enter the respiratory tract during breathing. Smaller particles can even enter the alveoli and then enter the bloodstream. In addition, these tiny particles are likely to be carriers of bacteria and fungi, and may enrich heavy metals, organic pollutants and acid oxides, which will cause great harm to the human body [3]. All in all, it is of great significance to study indoor air pollution.
Research on structure optimization of overflow orifices in Hydropower Station
Authors: Xue Yang , Xu Jianrong , Peng Yu , Zhang Weidi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the characteristics of large flood discharge and high water head, the flood discharge and energy dissipation structures of the dam body of A Hydropower Station are composed of overflow orifice, deep orifices, pond behind the dam and the second dam. In order to reduce the impact of the flood tongue on the cushion pond behind the dam, the method of stratified flow and air collision are adopted in the design of overflow orifice and deep orifice. The hydraulic model test is carried out to analyze body structure parameters such as diversion pier of overflow orifice, trajectory angle of outlet and so on, finally put forward the recommended structure design of overflow orifice. The model test showed that The setting of the diversion pier reduces the collision effect, therefore, it is not advisable to set the diversion pier. The structure of great differential drop and tongue without diversion pier are put forward, which can achieve the effect of layering the water tongue into the water, and colliding water tongue fully. The recommended structure can control the peak pressure of the cushion pond behind the dam within the allowable range.
Research on electric power distribution network operation and evaluation under energy saving and emission reduction environment
Authors: Zhang Geli , Zhang Heng , Zheng Yan , Wang Hongjin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper puts forward a four-step evaluation method based on data mining directly from information system under energy saving and emission reduction environment, including taking data, finding problems and putting forward measures. Through distribution network core indexes, an example was given to prove the method is scientific and practical.