bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Contact Practitioners’ (FCPs) and General Practitioners’ Perceptions Towards FCPs Delivering Vocational Advice to Patients with Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Qualitative Investigation of the Implementation Potential of the I-SWAP Initiative
Authors: Saunders Benjamin , Foster Nadine E. , Hill Jonathan C. , Sowden Gail , Evans Nicola , Bishop Annette , Stynes Siobhan , Dziedzic Krysia , Campbell Laura , Rankin Gabrielle , Salmon Paula , Wynne-Jones Gwenllian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurpose Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is a common cause of work absence. The recent SWAP (Study of Work And Pain) randomised controlled trial (RCT) found that a brief vocational advice service for primary care patients with MSK pain led to fewer days’ work absence and provided good return-on-investment. The I-SWAP (Implementation of the Study of Work And Pain) initiative aimed to deliver an implementation test-bed of the SWAP vocational advice intervention with First Contact Practitioners (FCP). This entailed adapting the SWAP vocational advice training to fit the FCP role. This qualitative investigation explored the implementation potential of FCPs delivering vocational advice for patients with MSK pain. Methods Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with 10 FCPs and 5 GPs. Data were analysed thematically and findings explored using Normalisation Process Theory (NPT). Results I-SWAP achieved a degree of ‘coherence’ (i.e. made sense), with both FCPs and GPs feeling FCPs were well-placed to discuss work issues with these patients. However, for many of the FCPs, addressing or modifying psychosocial and occupational barriers to return-to-work was not considered feasible within FCP consultations, and improving physical function was prioritised. Concerns were also raised that employers would not act on FCPs’ recommendations regarding return-to-work. Conclusion FCPs appear well-placed to discuss work issues with MSK patients, and signpost/refer to other services; however, because they often only see patients once they are less suited to deliver other aspects of vocational advice. Future research is needed to explore how best to provide vocational advice in primary care settings.
CTBT seismic monitoring using coherent and incoherent array processing
Authors: Kværna Tormod , Gibbons Steven J. , Näsholm Sven Peter 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe detection and location capability of the International Monitoring System for small seismic events in the continental and oceanic regions surrounding the Sea of Japan is determined mainly by three primary seismic arrays: USRK, KSRS, and MJAR. Body wave arrivals are coherent on USRK and KSRS up to frequencies of around 4 Hz and classical array processing methods can detect and extract features for most regional signals on these stations. We demonstrate how empirical matched field processing (EMFP), a generalization of frequency-wavenumber or f-k analysis, can contribute to calibrated direction estimates which mitigate bias resulting from near-station geological structure. It does this by comparing the narrowband phase shifts between the signals on different sensors, observed at a given time, with corresponding measurements on signals from historical seismic events. The EMFP detection statistic is usually evaluated as a function of source location rather than slowness space and the size of the geographical footprint valid for EMFP templates is affected by array geometry, the availablesignal bandwidth, and Earth structure over the propagation path. The MJAR arrayhas similar dimensions to KSRS but is sited in far more complex geology which results in poor parameter estimates with classical f-k analysis for all signals lacking energy at 1 Hz or below. EMFP mitigates the signal incoherence to some degree but the geographical footprint valid for a given matched field template on MJAR is very small. Spectrogram beamforming provides a robust detection algorithm for high-frequency signals at MJAR. The array aperture is large enough that f-k analysis performed on continuous AR-AIC functions, calculated from optimally bandpass-filtered signals at the different sites, can provide robust slowness estimates for regional P-waves. Given a significantly higher SNR for regional S-phases on the horizontal components of the 3-component site of MJAR, we would expect incoherent detection and estimation of S-phases to improve with 3-component sensors at all sites. Given the diversity of the IMS stations, and the diversity of the methods which provide optimal results for a given station, we advocate the development of seismic processing pipelines which can process highly heterogeneous inputs to help associate characteristics of the incoming signals with physical events.
Large Deviations at Level 2.5 for Markovian Open Quantum Systems: Quantum Jumps and Quantum State Diffusion
Authors: Carollo Federico , Garrahan Juan P. , Jack Robert L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe consider quantum stochastic processes and discuss a level 2.5 large deviation formalism providing an explicit and complete characterisation of fluctuations of time-averaged quantities, in the large-time limit. We analyse two classes of quantum stochastic dynamics, within this framework. The first class consists of the quantum jump trajectories related to photon detection; the second is quantum state diffusion related to homodyne detection. For both processes, we present the level 2.5 functional starting from the corresponding quantum stochastic Schrödinger equation and we discuss connections of these functionals to optimal control theory.
Automatic linguistic reporting of customer activity patterns in open malls
Authors: Ocaña Manuel , Chapela-Campa David , Álvarez Pedro , Hernández Noelia , Mucientes Manuel , Fabra Javier , Llamazares Ángel , Lama Manuel , Revenga Pedro A. , Bugarín Alberto , García-Garrido Miguel A. , Alonso Jose M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, we present a complete system to produce an automatic linguistic reporting about the customer activity patterns inside open malls, a mixed distribution of classical malls joined with the shops on the street. These reports can assist to design marketing campaigns by means of identifying the best places to catch the attention of customers. Activity patterns are estimated with process mining techniques and the key information of localization. Localization is obtained with a parallelized solution based on WiFi fingerprint system to speed up the solution. In agreement with the best practices for human evaluation of natural language generation systems, the linguistic quality of the generated report was evaluated by 41 experts who filled in an online questionnaire. Results are encouraging, since the average global score of the linguistic quality dimension is 6.17 (0.76 of standard deviation) in a 7-point Likert scale. This expresses a high degree of satisfaction of the generated reports and validates the adequacy of automatic natural language textual reports as a complementary tool to process model visualization.
Inborn errors of metabolism: Lessons from iPSC models
Authors: Escribá Rubén , Ferrer-Lorente Raquel , Raya Ángel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe possibility of reprogramming human somatic cells to pluripotency has opened unprecedented opportunities for creating genuinely human experimental models of disease. Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) constitute a greatly heterogeneous class of diseases that appear, in principle, especially suited to be modeled by iPSC-based technology. Indeed, dozens of IEMs have already been modeled to some extent using patient-specific iPSCs. Here, we review the advantages and disadvantages of iPSC-based disease modeling in the context of IEMs, as well as particular challenges associated to this approach, together with solutions researchers have proposed to tackle them. We have structured this review around six lessons that we have learnt from those previous modeling efforts, and that we believe should be carefully considered by researchers wishing to embark in future iPSC-based models of IEMs.
Natural kinds of mental disorder
Authors: Werkhoven Sander 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAre mental disorders (autism, ADHD, schizophrenia) natural kinds or socially constructed categories? What is at stake if either of these views prove to be true? This paper offers a qualified defence for the view that there may be natural kinds of mental disorder, but also that the implications of this claim are generally overestimated. Especially concerns about over-inclusiveness of diagnostic categories and medicalisation of abnormal behaviour are not addressed by the debate. To arrive at these conclusions the paper opens with a discussion of kind formation in science, followed by an analysis of natural kinds. Seven principled and empirically informed objections to the possibility of natural kinds of mental disorder are considered and rejected. The paper ends with a reflection on diagnostics of mental health problems that don’t fall into natural kinds. Despite the defence of the possibility of natural kinds of mental disorder, this is likely to be the majority of cases.
Der Einfluss der Arbeit auf das Wohlbefinden unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Berufsprofile
Authors: Camenisch Denise Angélique , Schäfer Olaf , Minder Isabelle Andrea , Cattapan Katja 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Faktoren der Arbeit beeinflussen gesundheitsrelevante Komponenten des Wohlbefindens und stehen in Wechselwirkung zu der Leistungsfähigkeit der Arbeitstätigen.

Fragestellung
Ziel der Untersuchung ist es, Zusammenhänge zwischen arbeitsbezogenen Parametern und dem Wohlbefinden von Erwerbstätigen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von fünf verschiedenen Berufsprofilen – physische/mentale Arbeit, mit Führungsaufgaben (mFA) und ohne Führungsaufgaben (oFA) – zu verstehen.

Methoden
Die Befragung zu den Bereichen Arbeitsbelastung, Arbeitsengagement, arbeitsbezogenen sozialen Ressourcen und Wohlbefinden wurde in einem iterativen Prozess aus evaluierten und etablierten Skalen zusammengestellt. Die Angaben von 3350 in der Schweiz tätigen Arbeitnehmenden verschiedenster Berufsgruppen und Branchen wurden erfasst und mittels mathematischer Modelle (konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse, Strukturgleichungsmodell und k‑Means-Clustering) ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Es zeigten sich statistisch signifikante Zusammenhänge zwischen Arbeitsbelastung, Arbeitsengagement und Wohlbefinden, die sich in den verschiedenen Berufsprofilen unterscheiden. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitsbelastung und Wohlbefinden hatte einen höheren statistischen Zusammenhang bei Mitarbeitenden mFA. Die Sinnhaftigkeit der Arbeit ist besonders bei mentalen Tätigkeiten von Bedeutung.

Schlussfolgerung
Die vorliegende Analyse zeigt die differenzierte Relevanz arbeitsbezogener Faktoren auf das Wohlbefinden und bildet eine Grundlage für Präventionsmaßnahmen.
Algorithmic Reduction of Biological Networks with Multiple Time Scales
Authors: Kruff Niclas , Lüders Christoph , Radulescu Ovidiu , Sturm Thomas , Walcher Sebastian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present a symbolic algorithmic approach that allows to compute invariant manifolds and corresponding reduced systems for differential equations modeling biological networks which comprise chemical reaction networks for cellular biochemistry, and compartmental models for pharmacology, epidemiology and ecology. Multiple time scales of a given network are obtained by scaling, based on tropical geometry. Our reduction is mathematically justified within a singular perturbation setting. The existence of invariant manifolds is subject to hyperbolicity conditions, for which we propose an algorithmic test based on Hurwitz criteria. We finally obtain a sequence of nested invariant manifolds and respective reduced systems on those manifolds. Our theoretical results are generally accompanied by rigorous algorithmic descriptions suitable for direct implementation based on existing off-the-shelf software systems, specifically symbolic computation libraries and Satisfiability Modulo Theories solvers. We present computational examples taken from the well-known BioModels database using our own prototypical implementations.
Important Topics for Fostering Research Integrity by Research Performing and Research Funding Organizations: A Delphi Consensus Study
Authors: Labib Krishma , Roje Rea , Bouter Lex , Widdershoven Guy , Evans Natalie , Marušić Ana , Mokkink Lidwine , Tijdink Joeri 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo foster research integrity (RI), it is necessary to address the institutional and system-of-science factors that influence researchers’ behavior. Consequently, research performing and research funding organizations (RPOs and RFOs) could develop comprehensive RI policies outlining the concrete steps they will take to foster RI. So far, there is no consensus on which topics are important to address in RI policies. Therefore, we conducted a three round Delphi survey study to explore which RI topics to address in institutional RI policies by seeking consensus from research policy experts and institutional leaders. A total of 68 RPO and 52 RFO experts, representing different disciplines, countries and genders, completed one, two or all rounds of the study. There was consensus among the experts on the importance of 12 RI topics for RPOs and 11 for RFOs. The topics that ranked highest for RPOs concerned education and training, supervision and mentoring, dealing with RI breaches, and supporting a responsible research process (e.g. through quality assurance). The highest ranked RFO topics concerned dealing with breaches of RI, conflicts of interest, and setting expectations on RPOs (e.g. about educating researchers about RI). Together with the research policy experts and institutional leaders, we developed a comprehensive overview of topics important for inclusion in the RI policies of RPOs and RFOs. The topics reflect preference for a preventative approach to RI, coupled with procedures for dealing with RI breaches. RPOs and RFOs should address each of these topics in order to support researchers in conducting responsible research.
Improved recovery of higher boiling point volatiles during solvent-assisted flavour evaporation
Authors: Sullivan Rosa C. , Fagan Colette C. , Parker Jane K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPreviously published data show that high levels of fat (50%) affect the yield of volatile compounds during solvent-assisted flavour evaporation (SAFE). We present new data demonstrating that even low levels of fat (< 10%) lead to significantly lower yields of high boiling point volatiles during SAFE. Relative recovery during SAFE of a range of volatiles from a cheese extract was measured at varying fat concentrations (1.1–8.7%) using a single internal standard. Volatiles with higher boiling points had significantly lower relative recoveries, and volatiles were substantially less well recovered from higher fat extracts. When endeavoring to obtain solvent extracts of fatty foods for the purposes of GC-O, it is important to choose the extraction technique which produces solvent extracts closely representing the true composition of the food. We present dilution of solvent extracts prior to SAFE as a potential new approach for high-fat foods which enables high yields of volatiles regardless of boiling point. These data also show that in the absence of C13-labelled standards for quantitation, it is critical to maintain a consistent fat content between samples during SAFE.
Axillary dissection versus axillary observation for low risk, clinically node-negative invasive breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sangha Mahaveer S. , Baker Rose , Ahmed Muneer 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
1. To systematically analyse studies comparing survival outcomes between axillary lymph-node dissection (ALND) and axilla observation (Obs), in women with low-risk, clinically node-negative breast cancer. 2. To consider results in the context of current axillary surgery de-escalation trials and studies.

Methods
9 eligible studies were identified, 6 RCTs and 3 non-randomized studies (4236 women in total). Outcomes assessed: overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The logged (ln) hazard ratio (HR) was calculated and used as the statistic of interest. Data was grouped by follow-up.

Results
Meta-analyses found no significant difference in OS at 5, 10 and 25-years follow-up (5-year ln HR = 0.08, 95% CI − 0.09, 0.25, 10-year ln HR =  0.33, 95% CI − 0.07, 0.72, 25-year ln HR = 0.00, 95% CI − 0.18, 0.19). ALND caused improvement in DFS at 5-years follow-up (ln HR = 0.16, 95% CI 0.03, 0.29), this was not demonstrated at 10 and 25-years follow-up (10-year ln HR = 0.07, 95% CI − 0.09, 0.23, 25-year ln HR = − 0.03, 95% CI − 0.21, 0.16). Studies supporting ALND for DFS at 5-years follow-up had greater relative chemotherapy use in the ALND cohort.

Conclusion
ALND does not cause a significant improvement in OS in women with clinically node-negative breast cancer. ALND may improve DFS in the short term by tailoring a proportion of patients towards chemotherapy. Our evidence suggests that when the administration of systemic therapy is balanced between the two arms, axillary de-escalation studies will likely find no difference in OS or DFS.
LncRNA POU3F3 promotes melanoma cell proliferation by downregulating lncRNA MEG3
Authors: Liu Yingnan , Zhuang Yongqing , Fu Xiaokuan , Li Chaofei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
LncRNA POU3F3 (POU3F3) is overexpressed and plays oncogenic roles in esophageal squamous-cell carcinomas. LncRNA MEG3 (MEG3) has been characterized as a tumor suppressive lncRNA in different types of cancer. Our preliminary deep sequencing analysis revealed the inverse correlation between POU3F3 and MEG2 across melanoma tissues, indicating the interaction between them in melanoma. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the crosstalk between POU3F3 and MEG3 in melanoma.

Methods
Tumor and adjacent healthy tissues collected from 60 melanoma patients were subjected to RNA extractions and RT-qPCRs to analyze the differential expression of POU3F3 and MEG2 in melanoma. In melanoma cells, POU3F3 and MEG2 were overexpressed to study the interactions between them. CCK-8 assays were performed to analyze the roles of POU3F3 and MEG2 in regulating melanoma cell proliferation.

Results
We found that POU3F3 was upregulated, while lncRNA MEG3 was downregulated in melanoma. Expression levels of POU3F3 and MEG3 were inversely correlated across tumor tissues. In vitro experiments showed that POU3F3 overexpression decreased MEG3 expression in melanoma cells, while MEG3 overexpression failed to affect POU3F3. POU3F3 overexpression increased melanoma cell proliferation, while MEG3 overexpression decreased melanoma cell proliferation. In addition, rescue experiments showed that MEG3 overexpression attenuated the enhancing effects of POU3F3 overexpression.

Conclusion
POU3F3 may promote melanoma cell proliferation by downregulating MEG3.
Return of research results (RoRR) to the healthy CHRIS cohort: designing a policy with the participants
Authors: Staunton Ciara , Kösters Maria , Pramstaller Peter P. , Mascalzoni Deborah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLegal, financial and organizational challenges and the absence of coherent international guidelines and legal frameworks still discourage many genetic studies to share individual research results with their participants. Studies and institutions deciding to return genetic results will need to design their own study-specific return policy after due consideration of the ethical responsibilities. The Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol (CHRIS) study, a healthy cohort study, did not foresee the return of individual genomic results during its baseline phase. However, as it was expected that the follow-up phase would generate an increasing amount of reliable genetic results, an update of the return of research results (RoRR) policy became necessary. To inform this revision, an empirical study using mixed methods was developed to investigate the views of CHRIS research participants (20), local general practitioners (3) and the local genetic counselling service (1). During the interviews, three different examples of potential genetic results with a very diverse potential impact on participants were presented: breast cancer, Parkinson disease and Huntington disease. The CHRIS participants also completed a short questionnaire, collecting personal information and asking for a self-evaluation of their knowledge about genetics. This study made it clear that research participants want to make autonomous decisions on the disclosure or non-disclosure of their results. While the motivations for participants’ decisions were very diverse, we were able to identify several common criteria that had a strong influence on their choices. Providing information on these factors is crucial to enable participants to make truly informed decisions.
Homophobic Verbal and Bullying Victimization: Overlap and Emotional Impact
Authors: Elipe Paz , Espelage Dorothy L. , Del Rey Rosario 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction
A relationship between homophobic verbal and bullying victimization has been established in the scientific literature, yet its findings remain debated. Similarly, the emotional impact of these phenomena may cross over, although not enough evidence is available to confirm this hypothesis. The study sought to examine this overlap of phenomena as well as their emotional impact, both independently and jointly, in a community-based school sample of adolescents with varying sexual orientations.

Methods
A total of 2089 Spanish students aged 11 to 18 years (M = 13.68, SD = 1.31) completed self-report measures assessing homophobic verbal and bullying victimization, sexual orientation, and emotional impact during 2017.

Results
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adolescents reported greater homophobic verbal and bullying victimization than their non-LGB peers. No differences were found in emotional impact based on sexual orientation or gender. However, differences were found for victimization type, with LGB youth overrepresented in the poly-victim group. A mediation effect of homophobic verbal victimization was observed between bullying victimization and negative emotional impact.

Conclusions
LGB students more frequently experience more types of victimization than their non-LGB peers. Homophobic victimization amplifies the likely emotional impact of bullying victimization, which should be considered in prevention programs and psychological interventions.

Policy Implications
These findings highlight the importance of sexual diversity in the study of bullying behavior. It is also identified as a key area when developing prevention programs aimed at eradicating this type of violence from our schools.