bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher-order regularity in local and nonlocal quantum gravity
Authors: Burzillà Nicolò , Giacchini Breno L. , Netto Tibério de Paula , Modesto Leonardo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the present work we investigate the Newtonian limit of higher-derivative gravity theories with more than four derivatives in the action, including the non-analytic logarithmic terms resulting from one-loop quantum corrections. The first part of the paper deals with the occurrence of curvature singularities of the metric in the classical models. It is shown that in the case of local theories, even though the curvature scalars of the metric are regular, invariants involving derivatives of curvatures can still diverge. Indeed, we prove that if the action contains $$2n+6$$

2
n
+
6

derivatives of the metric in both the scalar and the spin-2 sectors, then all the curvature-derivative invariants with at most 2n covariant derivatives of the curvatures are regular, while there exist scalars with $$2n+2$$

2
n
+
2

derivatives that are singular. The regularity of all these invariants can be achieved in some classes of nonlocal gravity theories. In the second part of the paper, we show that the leading logarithmic quantum corrections do not change the regularity of the Newtonian limit. Finally, we also consider the infrared limit of these solutions and verify the universality of the leading quantum correction to the potential in all the theories investigated in the paper.
Duality in elliptic Ruijsenaars system and elliptic symmetric functions
Authors: Mironov A. , Morozov A. , Zenkevich Y. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe demonstrate that the symmetric elliptic polynomials$$E_\lambda (x)$$Eλ(x)originally discovered in the study of generalized Noumi–Shiraishi functions are eigenfunctions of the elliptic Ruijsenaars–Schneider (eRS) Hamiltonians that act on the mother function variable$$y_i$$yi(substitute of the Young-diagram variable$$\lambda $$λ). This means they are eigenfunctions of the dual eRS system. At the same time, their orthogonal complements in the Schur scalar product,$$P_\lambda (x)$$Pλ(x)are eigenfunctions of the elliptic reduction of the Koroteev–Shakirov (KS) Hamiltonians. This means that these latter are related to the dual eRS Hamiltonians by a somewhat mysterious orthogonality transformation, which is well defined only on the full space of time variables, while the coordinates$$x_i$$xiappear only after the Miwa transform. This observation explains the difficulties with getting the apparently self-dual Hamiltonians from the double elliptic version of the KS Hamiltonians.
Confinement of $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ inside carbon nanotubes
Authors: Faginas-Lago Noelia , Apriliyanto Yusuf Bramastya , Lombardi Andrea 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We propose a preliminary study based on molecular dynamics calculations to investigate the adsorption of pure $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

on flexible single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) of different sizes. The adsorption capacities of SWCNTs were simulated and the effect of chirality and diameter of SWCNTs was assessed, to check them as sizable carbon structured materials suitable for $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

confinement and storage. The potential energy surfaces, describing the intermolecular interactions involving $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

-SWCNT and $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

-$$\hbox {CO}_2$$

CO
2

pairs, have been described specifically by adopting the improved lennard jones model potential. The intramolecular interactions within the SWCNT were considered explicitly since they are responsible for out-of-plane movements of carbon atoms and the flexibility of nanotubes. These well-formulated potentials are well capable of defining $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

confinement through physisorption and guarantee a quantitative description and realistic results for the dynamics of the interactions. The flexible SWCNTs can adsorb up to 35 wt% at 273 K, a property that makes them potentially versatile materials competitive with other carbon-derived adsorbents to cope with $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

gas emission.

Graphic abstract
Spectral Endoscopy Enhances Contrast for Neoplasia in Surveillance of Barrett's Esophagus
Authors: Waterhouse Dale J. , Januszewicz Wladyslaw , Ali Sharib , Fitzgerald Rebecca C. , di Pietro Massimiliano , Bohndiek Sarah E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Early detection of esophageal neoplasia enables curative endoscopic therapy, but the current diagnostic standard of care has low sensitivity because early neoplasia is often inconspicuous with conventional white-light endoscopy. Here, we hypothesized that spectral endoscopy could enhance contrast for neoplasia in surveillance of patients with Barrett's esophagus. A custom spectral endoscope was deployed in a pilot clinical study of 20 patients to capture 715 in vivo tissue spectra matched with gold standard diagnosis from histopathology. Spectral endoscopy was sensitive to changes in neovascularization during the progression of disease; both non-dysplastic and neoplastic Barrett's esophagus showed higher blood volume relative to healthy squamous tissue (P = 0.001 and 0.02, respectively), and vessel radius appeared larger in neoplasia relative to non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus (P = 0.06). We further developed a deep learning algorithm capable of classifying spectra of neoplasia versus non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus with high accuracy (84.8% accuracy, 83.7% sensitivity, 85.5% specificity, 78.3% positive predictive value, and 89.4% negative predictive value). Exploiting the newly acquired library of labeled spectra to model custom color filter sets identified a potential 12-fold enhancement in contrast between neoplasia and non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus using application-specific color filters compared with standard-of-care white-light imaging (perceptible color difference = 32.4 and 2.7, respectively). This work demonstrates the potential of endoscopic spectral imaging to extract vascular properties in Barrett's esophagus, to classify disease stages using deep learning, and to enable high-contrast endoscopy.

Significance:
The results of this pilot first-in-human clinical trial demonstrate the potential of spectral endoscopy to reveal disease-associated vascular changes and to provide high-contrast delineation of neoplasia in the esophagus.
Intracellular Factor H Drives Tumor Progression Independently of the Complement Cascade
Authors: Daugan Marie V. , Revel Margot , Thouenon Romane , Dragon-Durey Marie-Agnès , Robe-Rybkine Tania , Torset Carine , Merle Nicolas S. , Noé Rémi , Verkarre Virginie , Oudard Stephane Marie , Mejean Arnaud , Validire Pierre , Cathelineau Xavier , Sanchez-Salas Rafael , Pickering Mathew C. , Cremer Isabelle , Mansuet-Lupo Audrey , Alifano Marco , Sautès-Fridman Catherine , Damotte Diane , Fridman Wolf H. , Roumenina Lubka T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe complement system is a powerful and druggable innate immune component of the tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, it is challenging to elucidate the exact mechanisms by which complement affects tumor growth. In this study, we examined the processes by which the master complement regulator factor H (FH) affects clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and lung cancer, two cancers in which complement overactivation predicts poor prognosis. FH was present in two distinct cellular compartments: the membranous (mb-FH) and intracellular (int-FH) compartments. Int-FH resided in lysosomes and colocalized with C3. In ccRCC and lung adenocarcinoma, FH exerted protumoral action through an intracellular, noncanonical mechanism. FH silencing in ccRCC cell lines resulted in decreased proliferation, due to cell-cycle arrest and increased mortality, and this was associated with increased p53 phosphorylation and NFκB translocation to the nucleus. Moreover, the migration of the FH-silenced cells was reduced, likely due to altered morphology. These effects were cell type–specific because no modifications occurred upon CFH silencing in other FH-expressing cells tested: tubular cells (from which ccRCC originates), endothelial cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cells), and squamous cell lung cancer cells. Consistent with this, in ccRCC and lung adenocarcinoma, but not in lung squamous cell carcinoma, int-FH conferred poor prognosis in patient cohorts. Mb-FH performed its canonical function of complement regulation but had no impact on tumor cell phenotype or patient survival. The discovery of intracellular functions for FH redefines the role of the protein in tumor progression and its use as a prognostic biomarker or potential therapeutic target.See article by Daugan et al., p. 891 (36).
Bortezomib Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Zitvogel Laurence , Kroemer Guido 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Summary:
As a general rule, successful antineoplastic treatments induce an antitumor immune response, even if they were initially designed to target cancer cell–autonomous pathways. In this issue of Blood Cancer Discovery, Gulla and colleagues reveal that the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib induces immunogenic stress and death in multiple myeloma cells, thus explaining its therapeutic efficacy.
See related article by Gulla et al., p. 468.
Conservation breeding of Northern River Terrapin Batagur baska (Gray, 1830) in Sundarban Tiger Reserve, India
Authors: Mallick Nillanjan , Singh Shailendra , Chatterjee Dibyadeep , Sharma Souritra 
Published: May 2021

The population of Northern River Terrapin Batagur baska is ‘Critically Endangered’ and threatened with extinction. In India, the species was once known to occur in the mangroves of West Bengal and Odisha. The sub-population in Odisha is suspected to have been wiped out. The Sundarban Tiger Reserve and the Turtle Survival Alliance launched a modest conservation breeding program in 2012 to recover the species using a small number of adults as founders. Gravid adult females are kept in a dedicated breeding enclosure with minimal disturbance, eggs are incubated outdoor on an artificial nesting beach, and hatchlings are raised to develop assurance colonies for purposes of reintroduction in future. Currently, the project holds 12 adults and over 350 juveniles of various size classes. Three additional assurance colonies were developed for 70 sub-adults from 2012–13 batches, using rain-fed ponds within STR.
A new fish species of genus Garra (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Nagaland, India
Authors: Ezung Sophiya , Shangningam Bungdon , Pankaj Pranay Punj 
Published: May 2021

A species of the genus Garra is described from the Langlung River, Brahmaputra basin, Nagaland, India. The new species is distinguished from its congeners in having weakly-developed unilobed proboscis, a distinct transverse lobe with 8–12 small sized unicuspid acanthoid tubercles, 30–32 lateral line scales, and 13–15 circumpeduncular scales.
Population status and distribution of Ibisbill Ibidorhyncha struthersii (Vigors, 1832) (Aves: Charadriiformes: Ibidorhynchidae) in Kashmir Valley, India
Authors: Haq Iqram ul , Bhat Bilal A. , Ahmad Khursheed , Rahmani Asad R. 
Published: May 2021

A field study was carried out for the first time in Kashmir Valley to investigate the population status and distribution of Ibisbill. The initial reconnaissance surveys conducted across Kashmir Valley, indicated that the Lidder River in district Anantnag and Sindh River in district Ganderbal harbor populations of Ibisbill. During the intensive study carried out in the river Sindh from September 2017 to August 2018, the mean population size was maximum (36±8.63) at Stretch I and minimum (3±1.35) at stretch II. The seasonal population of Ibisbill was maximum (25.66±18.44) in the autumn and minimum (10±9.35) in the winter. The present study indicated that river Sindh provides an ideal habitat for Ibisbill, and was most widely used by the bird. We recommend further intensive research studies on the lesser known aspects of ecology and biology of this enigmatic species for long term conservation planning in the region.
Notes on new distribution records of Euaspa motokii Koiwaya, 2002 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae) from Bhutan
Authors: Wangchuk Jigme , Subba Dhan Bahadur , Wangdi Karma 
Published: May 2021

This paper reports Euaspa motokii, Koiwaya, 2002, a newly recorded butterfly species from Bhutan. Its known distribution range extended from Kachin State of Myanmar to eastern Arunachal Pradesh and is now further extended to the Himalayan foothills of central Bhutan. Currently, Bhutan has two Euaspa species, pavo and motokii. With this record Bhutan now lists 760 species of butterflies.
Discovery of two new populations of the rare endemic freshwater crab Louisea yabassi Mvogo Ndongo, von Rintelen & Cumberlidge, 2019 (Brachyura: Potamonautidae) from the Ebo Forest near Yabassi in Cameroon, Central Africa, with recommendations for conservation action
Authors: Ndongo Pierre A. Mvogo , Rintelen Thomas von , Schubart Christoph D. , Clark Paul F. , Rintelen Kristina von , Missoup Alain Didier , Albrecht Christian , Rabone Muriel , Ewoukem Efole , Tamesse Joseph L. , Eyango Minette Tomedi-Tabi , Cumberlidge Neil 
Published: May 2021

The endemic freshwater crab, Louisea yabassi Mvogo Ndongo, von Rintelen & Cumberlidge, 2019, is currently only known from three populations in the biodiversity-rich rainforests of southwestern Cameroon. The first record of L. yabassi dates back to 1908 from Yabassi, while the other two populations were discovered in December 2019 and March 2020 from the Ebo Forest near Yabassi. These specimens were initially identified as L. edeaensis (Bott, 1969), but were subsequently assigned to L. yabassi. The newly-discovered populations of L. yabassi provided important data on its habitat, population structure and geographical distribution, all critical knowledge for conservation measures. Reported here are the anthropogenic threats to L. yabassi and its rainforest habitat, which include forest destruction, agricultural encroachment, water pollution and firewood collection. This information is inherently useful in the assessment of the extinction risk of L. yabassi and highlights the importance of implementing strategies for preserving primary rainforest and its associated aquatic habitats in Central Africa.
Brain connectivity alterations during sleep by closed-loop transcranial neurostimulation predict metamemory sensitivity
Authors: Hubbard Ryan J. , Zadeh Iman , Jones Aaron P. , Robert Bradley , Bryant Natalie B. , Clark Vincent P. , Pilly Praveen K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Metamemory involves the ability to correctly judge the accuracy of our memories. The retrieval of memories can be improved using transcranial electrical brain stimulation (tES) during sleep, but evidence for improvements to metamemory sensitivity is limited. Applying tES can enhance sleep-dependent memory consolidation, which along with metamemory requires the coordination of activity across distributed neural systems, suggesting that examining functional connectivity is important for understanding these processes. Nevertheless, little research has examined how functional connectivity modulations relate to overnight changes in metamemory sensitivity. Here, we developed a closed-loop short-duration tES method, time-locked to up-states of ongoing slow-wave oscillations, to cue specific memory replays in humans. We measured electroencephalographic (EEG) coherence changes following stimulation pulses, and characterized network alterations with graph theoretic metrics. Using machine learning techniques, we show that pulsed tES elicited network changes in multiple frequency bands, including increased connectivity in the theta band and increased efficiency in the spindle band. Additionally, stimulation-induced changes in beta-band path length were predictive of overnight changes in metamemory sensitivity. These findings add new insights into the growing literature investigating increases in memory performance through brain stimulation during sleep, and highlight the importance of examining functional connectivity to explain its effects.
Mining off the Map: Fulongchang and Silver Mines in the Qing Empire’s Far Southwest
Authors: Kim Nanny , Yuda Yang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A donation stele discovered in the 1980 records that the community of the Fulong silver mines raised some 4500 liang of silver to build a temple dedicated to the God of Wealth in 1814. The site in a remote mountain range in northern Yunnan evidently was a prosperous and populous mining town. Yet it appears in no government record. Centered on the case study, this paper provides insights into social self-organization of communities and the structures within the Qing government that allowed the operation of mines that were registered with the local governments and submitted taxes yet kept out of the communications with the central government. The analysis contributes a specific example of communal governance structures and explains the two layers in late imperial administration, one which was official and documented in gazetteers and central records, and another which was customary and usually undocumented.
Dealing with the Past or Moving Forward? Transitional Justice, the Bangsamoro Peace Agreement and Federalism in the Philippines
Authors: Lamchek Jayson S. , Radics George B. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the Philippines, transitional justice is plagued by questions about whether and how to deal with the past as well as whether and what kind of justice is possible in the present. In 2014, the government ended its armed conflict with Muslim secessionists by enacting a peace deal with transitional justice provisions, but also proposed federalism as a more lasting solution to conflict. This article reads the agreement’s ‘dealing with the past’ framework as reflecting a conventional approach. It then highlights continuing Muslim experiences of land dispossession and human rights abuses. It shows how transitional justice can come with uncertainty about what it means to “move forward,” what “past” to overcome, and how the past is related to “justice.” Furthermore, it argues that as the country increasingly veers towards authoritarian rule, conventional applications of transitional justice are further impeded. It explores how federalism receives more enthusiastic support than transitional justice.
Rites of Passage: Conversionary in-Marriages in the Finnish Jewish Communities
Authors: Czimbalmos Mercédesz 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Debates over intermarriages and conversions are at the heart of Jewish concerns today. International studies outline a growing number of intermarriages or their considerations within several European countries and the United States. Yet, the Nordic context in general and the Finnish context specifically are understudied. The current study seeks to fill the gap in the existing research by contributing to the field of conversion studies in general and the research in Jewish intermarriages and conversions in particular in Europe and in Finland by analyzing newly gathered ethnographic materials from the years 2019–2020 through adapting Sylvia Barack Fishman’s typology on conversionary in-marriages to the Finnish context.
The Development and Impact of Hong Taiji’s Artillery Corps (1631–1643)
Authors: Chung Yan Hon Michael 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study retraces the development of the Later Jin/Qing artillery corps between 1631 and 1642, examines the factors that led to its success, and evaluates its military and socio-political impact. The newly established artillery corps, under the direction of the talented Hong Taiji, learned effectively from its participation in sieges and developed the relevant military knowledge. By 1642, it had turned from an auxiliary force into a full-fledged unit that played a decisive role in siege warfare. The success of the Qing artillery corps greatly facilitated the Qing conquest of China (1644–1683). Moreover, the military performance of the artillery corps in the time period led to the multiple expansions and the ultimate institutionalization of the Han Eight Banner Army (baqi Hanjun).
Influence of Upper-Troposphere Stratification and Cloud-Radiation Interaction on Convective Overshoots in the Tropical Tropopause Layer
Authors: Hu Zeyuan , Lamraoui Fayçal , Kuang Zhiming 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is still debated whether radiative heating observed in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) is balanced primarily by cooling from convective overshoots, as in an entrainment layer, or by adiabatic cooling from large-scale eddy-driven upwelling. In this study, three-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulations of radiative-convective equilibrium were carried out with three different cloud microphysics schemes and 1-km horizontal resolution. We demonstrate that overshooting cooling in the TTL can be strongly modulated by upper-troposphere stratification. Two of the schemes produce a hard-landing scenario in which convective overshoots reach the TTL with frequent large vertical velocity leading to strong overshooting cooling (~ −0.2 K day-1). The third scheme produces a soft-landing scenario in which convective overshoots rarely reach the TTL with large vertical velocity and produce little overshooting cooling (~ −0.03 K day-1). The difference between the two scenarios is attributed to changes in the upper-troposphere stratification related to different atmospheric cloud radiative effects (ACRE). The microphysics scheme that produces the soft-landing scenario has much stronger ACRE in the upper troposphere leading to a ~3K warmer and more stable layer which acts as a buffer zone to slow down the convective updrafts. The stratification mechanism suggests the possibility for the ozone variation or eddy-driven upwelling in the TTL to modulate convective overshoots. We further test the sensitivity of overshooting cooling to changes in model resolution by increasing the horizontal resolution to 100 m. The corresponding change of overshooting cooling is much smaller compared with the difference between the hard-landing and soft-landing scenarios.
A seven-year climatology of the initiation, decay and morphology of severe convective storms during the warm season over North China
Authors: Ma Ruoyun , Sun Jianhua , Yang Xinlin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe present work established a 7-year climatology of the initiation, decay, and morphology of severe convective storms (SCSs) during the warm seasons (May–September) of 2011–2018 (except 2014) over North China. This was achieved by using severe weather reports, precipitation observations, and composite Doppler radar reflectivity data. A total of 371 SCSs were identified. SCSs primarily initiated around noon with the highest frequency over the high terrain of Mount Taihang, and they mostly decayed over the plains at night. The storm morphologies were classified into three types of cellular storms (individual cells, clusters of cells, and broken lines), six types of linear systems (convective lines with no stratiform, with trailing stratiform, leading stratiform, parallel stratiform, embedded lines, and bow echoes), and nonlinear systems. Three types of severe convective weather, namely, short-duration heavy rainfall, hail, and thunderstorm high winds associated with these morphologies were investigated. Nonlinear systems were the most frequent morphology, followed by clusters of cells. Convective lines with trailing stratiform were the most frequent linear morphology. A total of 1,429 morphology samples from the 371 SCSs were found to be responsible for 15,966 severe convective weather reports. Linear (nonlinear) systems produced the most short-duration heavy rainfall (hail and thunderstorm high wind) reports. Bow echos were most efficient in producing both short-duration heavy rainfall and thunderstorm high wind reports whereas broken lines had the highest efficiency for hail production. The results in the present study are helpful for local forecasters to better anticipate the storm types and associated hazardous weather.