bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining Muscle Activity Differences During Single and Dual Vector Elastic Resistance Exercises
Authors: Bench Ryan WG , Thompson Sydney E , Cudlip Alan C , Holmes Michael WR 
Published: April 2021

Background Elastic resistance exercise is a common part of rehabilitation programs. While these exercises are highly prevalent, little information exists on how adding an additional resistance vector with a different direction from the primary vector alters muscle activity of the upper extremity. Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dual vector exercises on torso and upper extremity muscle activity in comparison to traditional single vector techniques. Study Design Repeated measures design. Methods Sixteen healthy university-aged males completed four common shoulder exercises against elastic resistance (abduction, flexion, internal rotation, external rotation) while using a single or dual elastic vector at a fixed cadence and standardized elastic elongation. Surface electromyography was collected from 16 muscles of the right upper extremity. Mean, peak and integrated activity were extracted from linear enveloped and normalized data and a 2-way repeated measures ANOVA examined differences between conditions. Results All independent variables differentially influenced activation. Interactions between single/dual vectors and exercise type affected mean activation in 11/16 muscles, while interactions in peak activation existed in 7/16 muscles. Adding a secondary vector increased activation predominantly in flexion or abduction exercises; little changes existed when adding a second vector in internal and external rotation exercises. The dual vector exercise in abduction significantly increased mean activation in lower trapezius by 25.6 ± 8.11 %MVC and peak activation in supraspinatus by 29.4 ± 5.94 %MVC (p<0.01). Interactions between single/dual vectors and exercise type affected integrated electromyography for most muscles; the majority of these muscles had the highest integrated electromyography in the dual vector abduction condition. Conclusion Muscle activity often increased with a second resistance vector added; however, the magnitude was exercise-dependent. The majority of these changes existed in the flexion and abduction exercises, with little differences in the internal or external rotation exercises. Level of Evidence 3b
The Single Leg Squat Test: A “Top-Down” or “Bottom-Up” Functional Performance Test?
Authors: Carroll Lindsay A , Kivlan Benjamin R , Martin RobRoy L , Phelps Amy L , Carcia Christopher R 
Published: April 2021

Background Medial knee deviation (MKD) during the single leg squat test (SLST) is a common clinical finding that is often attributed to impairments of proximal muscular structures. Investigations into the relationship between MKD and the foot and ankle complex have provided conflicting results, which may impact clinicians’ interpretation of the SLST. Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and foot posture in subjects that perform the SLST with MKD (fail) versus without MKD (pass). Hypothesis There will be a difference in ankle dorsiflexion ROM and/or foot posture between healthy individuals that pass and fail the SLST for MKD. Study Design Cross-sectional study. Methods Sixty-five healthy, active volunteers (sex = 50 female, 15 male; age = 25.2 +/- 5.6 years; height = 1.7 +/- .1 m; weight = 68.5 +/- 13.5 kg) who demonstrated static balance and hip abductor strength sufficient for performance of the SLST participated in the study. Subjects were divided into pass and fail groups based on visual observation of MKD during the SLST. Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) scores and measures of non-weight bearing and weight bearing active ankle dorsiflexion (ROM) were compared. Results There were 33 individuals in the pass group and 32 in the fail group. The groups were similar on age (p = .899), sex (p = .341), BMI (p = .818), and Tegner Activity Scale score (p = .456). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups on the FPI-6 (pass group mean = 2.5 +/- 3.9; fail group mean = 2.3 +/- 3.5; p = .599), or any of the measures of dorsiflexion range of motion (non-weight bearing dorsiflexion with knee extended: pass group = 6.9o +/- 3.7o, fail group = 7.8o +/- 3.0o; non-weight bearing dorsiflexion with knee flexed: pass group = 13.5o +/- 5.6o, fail group = 13.9o +/- 5.3o; weight bearing dorsiflexion: pass group = 42.7o +/- 6.0o, 42.7o +/- 8.3o, p = .611). Conclusions Failure on the SLST is not related to differences in clinical measures of active dorsiflexion ROM or foot posture in young, healthy individuals. These findings suggest that clinicians may continue using the SLST to assess neuromuscular performance of the trunk, hip, and knee without ankle dorsiflexion ROM or foot posture contributing to results. Level of Evidence Level 3.
Makna Simbolik dan Nilai-Nilai yang Terkandung dalam Seni Pakemplung di Kecamatan Naringgul Kabupaten Cianjur
Authors: Pramanik Niknik Dewi , Dienaputra Reiza D. , Guna Bucky Wibawa Karya , Adji Muhamad 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT This study describes the art of Pakemplung in Kampung Tegal Bungur, Wanasari Village, Naringgul District, Cianjur Regency. This art is very rare and almost extinct. This study aims to explore the history of Pakemplung art, forms of performance, essence, symbols, functions, and to identify and collect Pakemplung art documents. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of research, Pakemplung art is used as a medium to get closer to God and a medium for interaction between players and spectators. As a whole, Pakemplung's art contains religious, compact, mutual cooperation, responsibility, observant, thoroughness, courage, beauty, neatness, authority, and servitude.Keywords: Pakemplung art, essence, symbols, functions ABSTRAKPenelitian ini tentang kesenian pakemplung di Kampung Tegal Bungur Desa Wanasari Kecamatan Naringgul Kabupaten Cianjur. Pakemplung adalah kesenian yang hanya terdapat di Kampung Tegal Bungur dan merupakan kesenian yang langka, bahkan tengah menuju pada kepunahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguak sejarah, bentuk pertunjukan, makna, simbol, dan fungsi pakemplung, serta mengidentifikasi dan mengumpulkan dokumentasinya. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa sumber primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Validasi data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, dan dianalisis dengan kualitatif model interaktif. Adapun yang menjadi objek penelitian ini yaitu budaya kesenian pakemplung dengan subjek penelitian dari empat narasumber yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik snowball. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dihasilkan seni Pakemplung sebagai media untuk mendekatkan diri dengan Tuhan dan tempat untuk melakukan proses interaksi antara pemain dengan penonton. Pakemplung secara keseluruhan mengandung makna religius, kekompakan, gotong royong, tanggungjawab, kejelian, ketelitian, keberanian, keindahan, kerapian, kewibawaan, dan penghambaan. Kata kunci: seni pakemplung, esensi, simbol, fungsi
KEEFEKTIFAN LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK TEKNIK ROLE PLAYING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SIKAP POSITIF KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA KELAS VIII SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 2 COMAL KABUPATEN PEMALANG
Authors: Sakinah Anisa Nur 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan karena melihat kurangnya sikap positif siswa terhadap kesehatan reproduksi yang menyadarkan pentingnya kesehatan reproduksi bagi remaja. Adapun permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana cara meningkatkan sikap positif kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa melalui layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan keefektifan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing untuk meningkatkan sikap positif kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Comal. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif eksperimen dengan desain one-group preteset-postest. Adapun sampel yang digunakan yaitu berjumlah 8 dari 112 siswa yang mengikuti pretest. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling.alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti yaitu menggunakan skala sikap siswa terhadap kesehatan reproduksi dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap positif kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa sebelum dan sesudah mendapatkan treatment berupa bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing mengalami peningkatan sebesar 14,6 dari hasil awal saat pretest sebesar 38,5 menjadi 53,1 saat postets. Adapun hasil uji Wilcoxon yaitu nilai Asymp.Sig 0,11 < 0,05 yang berarti hipotesis penelitian diterima. Dari penelitian ini, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing terbukti efektif untuk meningkatkan sikap positif kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Comal.Kata Kunci: Bimbingan Kelompok, Role Playing, Sikap Positif Kesehatan Reproduksi.
Evaluasi Simpang Bersinyal Taman Sari – Cikapayang Kota Bandung Dengan Analisis VisSim
Authors: Hutahaean Yopi Grace , Susilo Budi Hartanto 
Published: April 2021

Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection is one of the intersections in Bandung that has traffic problems, namely traffic jams. It can be seen from the length of the long lines at the arms of the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection to the Sulanjana intersection which often occurs during rush hour and weekend. Traffic jam occur in the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection during weekend because of the large number of cars parked along the Cikapayang road and the front of ??Balubur Town Square (Baltos) area.
To minimize the level of congestion at the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection, a study was conducted to determine the causes of congestion at the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection and optimize the performance of the Taman Sari - Cikapayang intersection. It could be maked by modeling the Intersection using VisSim software. From the results of modeling conducted on VisSim software to describe congestion in the area of ??Baltos can be obtained an alternative solution to optimize the performance of Taman Sari – Cikapayang intrrsection. The results of the evaluation of traffic performance at Simpang Taman Sari - Cikapayang is obtained by the length of the largest queue at rush hour in the afternoon are found in the Cikapayang approach with a length of 353 meters with a LoS F.
Based on simulation, the best solution to solve the problem of the length of the queue and LoS in the Baltos area is by banned the parking area on the Baltos area because it can reduce the length of the existing condition queue on the Taman Sari and Cikapayang and can increase LoS F in existing conditions to LoS A.
Caracterização da biomassa de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar com vistas energéticas
Authors: Grotto Carlos Guilherme Lopes , Costa Adão Marcos Ferreira , Colares Carla Jovania Gomes , Pereira Douglas Henrique 
Published: April 2021

A utilização de biomassas residuais de plantas utilizadas na agroindústria tem sido crescente. O bagaço de cana-de-açúcar se destaca nesse cenário, já que a cultura da planta é muito difundida, gerando grandes quantidades desse resíduo. Neste contexto é necessário entender as características dessa biomassa para poder otimizar a geração de energia. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar e avaliar o potencial energético da biomassa de cana-de-açúcar por meio da análise dos principais parâmetros que influenciam esse processo. Foram realizadas análises de poder calorífico superior, análises químicas imediatas, infravermelho e análise elementar, com o intuito de avaliar o potencial energético desse material. Observou-se bom nível de poder calorífico superior, 4309,50 kcal kg-1, além de teores baixos de cinzas, 0,95%, fatores que podem explicar a grande utilização da biomassa de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar para a geração de energia direta, principalmente na indústria.
Palavras-chave: Resíduos. Cana-de-açúcar. Fonte de energia.

Characterization of sugar cane bagasse biomass with energy views
Abstract
The use of residual biomass from plants used in agribusiness has been increasing. The sugarcane bagasse stands out in this scenario, since the plant's culture is very widespread, generating large amounts of this residue. In this context, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of this biomass in order to optimize the energy generation. With the above, the present study had as objective characterize and evaluate energy potential of sugarcane biomass through the analysis of the main parameters that influence the process. Analyzes of superior calorific power, immediate chemical analyzes, infrared and elementary analysis were carried out, in order to evaluate the energetic potential of this material. A good level of higher calorific value was observed, 4309.50 kcal kg-1, in addition to low ash content, 0.95%, factors that may explain the great use of sugarcane bagasse for direct energy generation, mainly in industry.
Keywords: Waste. Sugarcane. Energy source.
Geographically Weighted Regression with Kernel Weighted Function on Poverty Cases in West Java Province
Authors: Nurpadilah Winda , Sumertajaya I Made , Aidi Muhamad Nur 
Published: April 2021

Spatial regression analysis is a form of regression model that considers spatial effects. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) is the spatial regression methods that can be used to deal with the problem of spatial diversity. This method generates local model parameter estimates for each observation location. The application of spatial statistics can be done in all areas such as the problem of poverty. Poverty can be influenced by factors of proximity between regions, so that in determining the poverty factor, the proximity factor of the region cannot be ignored. West Java Province is a province with the largest population, so this study aims to model the poverty data in West Java Province by incorporating spatial effects. The weighting function used for the GWR model is the function of the fixed and adaptive kernels. The analysis results show that the fixed exponential kernel function has the smallest cross validation (CV) value, so the weighting matrix used in the model is determined by the exponential kernel function. The largest value and the smallest AIC value are owned by the GWR model with an exponential kernel function. Based on the results obtained by the the ANOVA table to test GWR's global goodness, the GWR model is more effective than global regression. Therefore, the GWR model is the best model when it used in West Java’s poverty cases. The effect of each explanatory variable on the percentage of poverty varies in each district/city in West Java Province.
Photocatalytic Removal of Malachite Green and Brilliant Blue Dyes from its Aqueous Solution: A Case Study of Factorial Experimental Design
Authors: Mussa Zainab Haider , Al-Qaim Fouad , Yuzir Ali , Shameli Kamyar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. In this present study, the investigation of the photocatalytic removal of malachite green and brilliant blue dyes from their aqueous solution using photocatalytic oxidation process was provided. The application of factorial experimental design for the analysis the results was the main objective in the present study. The photocatalytic removal of Malachite Green (MG) and Brilliant Blue (BB) dyes was carried out in aqueous solutions containing the dye and suspended of ZnO upon UV irradiation (high pressure mercury lamp Radium 125 W). The effect of different factors such as initial dye concentration, sample volume and treatment time was taken in account. All samples of MG and BB have been analysed at 617 and 620 nm, respectively. The linearity ranged between 5 and 50 mg/L for MG dye while it was ranged between 20 and 200 mg/L for BB dye. The linear regression, R2, was more than 0.995 for both dyes. The results revealed that factorial experimental design analysis has given a better indication to investigate the effects of factors. It was observed that the most of factors are significant for both dyes. Initial concentration and treatment time factors were the most significant factors for MG and BB dyes, respectively according to pareto chart.

Resumen. En este estudio se presenta una investigación sobre la remoción fotocatalítica de colorantes de verde de malaquita y azul brillante de soluciones acuosas mediante procesos de oxidación fotocatalítica. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue la aplicación de un diseño experimental factorial para el análisis de los resultados. La remoción del verde de malaquita (MG) y azul brillante (BB) de soluciones acuosas se llevó a cabo mediante irradiación de luz UV en presencia de partículas de ZnO en suspensión. Para los experimentos, se usó una lámpara de mercurio a alta presión (Radium 125 W). Se consideraron los efectos de distintas variables, como la concentración inicial de cada colorante, el volumen de la muestra y el tiempo de tratamiento. Todas las muestras de MG y BB se analizaron a 617 y 620 nm, respectivamente. Se observó linealidad en los resultados en el intervalo de concentraciones entre 5 y 50 mg/L para el caso de MG, mientras que para el BB la linealidad se observó en el intervalo de concentraciones entre 20 y 200 mg/L. En ambos casos, los datos se ajustaron a modelos lineales con valores de R2 mayores a 0.995. Los resultados revelaron que el diseño experimental factorial permite investigar de mejor manera los efectos de diversos factores, encontrándose que la concentración inicial y el tiempo de tratamiento son los factores más importantes para la remoción de MG y BB, respectivamente, según se muestra en los gráficos de Pareto.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Molecular Docking Against a Receptor Protein FimH of Escherichia coli (4XO8) of Thymidine Derivatives
Authors: Alam Asraful , Anowar Hosen Mohammed , Hosen Anowar , Fujii Yuki , Ozeki Yasuhiro , Kawsar Sarkar Mohammad Abe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Thymidine is known as a progenitor of nucleosides that have significant biological activity. The widening importance of nucleoside derivatives as unrivaled potential antimicrobial and therapeutic agents has attracted contemplation to the synthesis of thymidine derivatives. In the present study, thymidine was treated with various acyl halides to produce 5ʹ-O-acyl thymidine derivatives by direct acylation method with an excellent yield. To obtain newer products for antimicrobial assessment studies, the 5ʹ-O-thymidine derivatives were further modified into three series of 3ʹ-O-acyl thymidine derivatives containing a wide variety of functionalities in a single molecular framework. The chemical structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by analyzing their physicochemical, elemental, and spectroscopic data. Additionally, the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) of these acylated products was studied. For the computational investigation, we have selected eight synthesized thymidine derivatives, which have notable antibacterial activity, and performed molecular docking against bacterial lectin protein FimH of Escherichia coli (4XO8) to suggest a potent inhibitor against bacterial function. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina to calculate the binding affinities and interactions between the antibacterials and the FimH E. coli (4XO8). It was found that the selected thymidine derivatives have strongly interacted mainly with Tyr48, Tyr137, Asp140, Arg98, Gln133, Phe1, Asn23, Asn135, Lys76, Asp47, Ile13, and Ile52 residues. In silico pharmacokinetic properties were also predicted to search their absorption, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity. This computational examination showed that these thymidine derivatives might be used as potential inhibitors against the promising antibacterial activity for future studies.

Resumen. Se prepararon varios derivados 5ʹ-O-acil timidínicos por acilación directa con rendimientos excelentes que fueron transformados en tres series de derivados 3ʹ-O-acil timidínicos con una amplia variedad de funcionalidades. Estos compuestos fueron la base de un estudio de docking dirigido a la lectina bacteriana FimH de Escherichia coli (4XO8) con la finalidad de proponer un inhibidor contra esta función bacteriana.
Penerapan Metode Saving Matrix Dan Algoritma Nearest Neighbor Dalam Menentukan Rute Distribusi Untuk Meminimalkan Biaya Transportasi Pada PT. XYZ
Authors: Arfana Perdana Viva , Fatimah Hunusalela Zeny , Teja Prasasty Aliffia 
Published: April 2021

PT. XYZ is a business entity engaged in the production of mineral water. In the distribution process, the company still has an obstacle that is an unstructured shipping scheme that causes waste of transportation costs in some areas.Â This problem is caused by limited vehicle facilities so that the distance traveled for delivery of goods is longer. This study uses Saving Matrix method and nearest neighbor algorithm calculation of the phenomenon, this research was conducted to analyze distribution costs to be more efficient. neighbor. The result of this study is the company's distribution cost data of Rp. 18,940,924/month after done the cost of distribution into and with saving matrix method and Nearest Neighbor algorithm so save 16% which is Rp. 16.302.392 / month from the initial cost proposed from the company.PT. XYZ meruapakan sebuah badan usaha yang bergerak di bidang produksi air mineral. Di dalam proses distribusinya, perusahaan ini masih memiliki sebuah kendala yaitu skema pengiriman yang tidak terstruktur yang menyebabkan pemborosan biaya transportasi di beberapa daerah. Â Permasalahan ini di sebabkan oleh fasilitas kendaraan yang terbatas sehingga jarak yang ditempuh untuk pengiriman barang semakin panjang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Saving Matrix dan perhitungan algoritma Nearest Neighbor Dari fenomena tersebut, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melakukan analisa biaya distribusi agar lebih efrisien. neighbor. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah data biaya distribusi perusahaan sebesar Rp. 18.940.924/bulan setelahÂ dilakukan biaya distribusinya menjadi serta dengan metode Saving Matrix dan algoritma Nearest Neighbor jadi lebih menghemat 16% yaitu sebesar Rp. 16.302.392 / bulan dari biaya awal yang diusulkan dari perusahaan.
Upaya Pembentukan Akhlak Melalui Kegiatan Pramuka di Madrasah Aliyah Sunan Gunung Jati Gurah
Authors: Adam Muhammad Nur 
Published: April 2021

Nilai-nilai akhlak dalam kegiatan pramuka di MA Sunan Gunung Jati termaktub dalam Kode Etik Gerakan Pramuka yaitu Dasa Darma. Didalamnya memuat akhlak seseorang terhadap Allah (hablum minallah) dan akhlak seseorang dengan sesama manusia dan alam (hablum minannas). Implementasi nilai-nilai akhlak melalui kegiatan pramuka di MA Sunan Gunung Jati adalah dengan menerapkan dasa darma pramuka. Dari implementasi tersebut dapat terbentuk akhlak religious, cinta lingkungan, peduli sesama, keberanian, disiplin, tanggung jawab, ketaatan,Â dan demokratis. Faktor pendukung upaya pembentukan akhlak melalui kegiatan pramuka di MA Sunan Gunung Jati adalah lingkungan, dukungan dari orang tua, peran Pembina, kemandirian siswa, serta dukungan dari sekolahan. Adapun faktor penghambatnya adalah kurangnya durasi kegiatan, keterbatasan porsi Pembina, ketidakajegan siswa mengikuti latihan, sarana dan prasarana.