bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Basis for an Unprecedented Enzymatic Alkylation in Cylindrocyclophane Biosynthesis
Authors: Braffman Nathaniel R. , Ruskoski Terry B. , Davis Katherine M. , Glasser Nate , Johnson Cassidy , Denise Okafor C. , Boal Amie K. , Balskus Emily P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe cyanobacterial enzyme CylK assembles the cylindrocyclophane natural products by performing two unusual alkylation reactions, forming new carbon-carbon bonds between aromatic rings and secondary alkyl halide substrates. This transformation is unprecedented in biology and the structure and mechanism of CylK are unknown. Here, we report x-ray crystal structures of CylK, revealing a distinctive fusion of a Ca2+ binding domain and a β-propeller fold. We use a mutagenic screening approach to locate CylK’s active site at its domain interface, identifying two residues, Arg105 and Tyr473, that are required for catalysis. Anomalous diffraction datasets collected with bound bromide ions, a product analog, suggest these residues interact with the alkyl halide electrophile. Additional mutagenesis and molecular dynamics simulations implicates Asp440 and Glu374 in activating the nucleophilic aromatic ring. Bioinformatic analysis of CylK homologs from other cyanobacteria establishes that they conserve these key catalytic amino acids but they are likely associated with divergent reactivity and altered secondary metabolism. By gaining a molecular understanding of this unusual biosynthetic transformation, this work fills a gap in our understanding of how alkyl halides are activated and used by enzymes as biosynthetic intermediates, informing enzyme engineering, catalyst design, and natural product discovery.
Initiation of ensemble kinesin-3 motility is regulated by the rigidity of cargo-motor attachment
Authors: Lama Prakash , Sirajuddin Minhajuddin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntracellular cargo transport is powered by molecular motors that move on their respective filamentous tracks. A key component in this process is the tether between cargo and motor, which is often connected by long slender coiled-coils. Several studies have identified mechanisms that regulate cargo transport and can be broadly categorized into regulation of the motor ATPase activity by autoinhibition, cargo adapters and modifications in the cytoskeletal tracks. The regulatory effects of cargo-motor linkers have been described in kinesin-3 subfamily motors. However, the effects of cargo-motor linker rigidity on ensemble cargo transport has not been explored. Here we have built a DNA origami scaffold, which can be tethered with multiple kinesin-3 motors using either single or double-stranded DNA linkages, mimicking rigid versus flexible cargo-motor linkages. Using this system, we show that regardless of the motor numbers attached to the cargo, only linkers with a lesser degree of freedom allow motors to engage with microtubule tracks. Together, our work identifies that the rigidity of cargo-motor linkages influences motor motility. This opens up the possibilities to identify new factors that can influence the rigidity of cargo-motor linkages that in turn can regulate intracellular cargo transport.
Fungal endophytes from salt-adapted plants confer salt tolerance and promote growth in Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) at early seedling stage
Authors: Nanjundappa Manjunatha , Manjunatha Nayana , Li Hua , Sivasithamparam Krishnapillai , Jones Michael G K , Edwards Ian , Wylie Stephen J , Agarrwal Ruchi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWith increasing human global population, increased yield under saline conditions is a desirable trait for major food crops. Use of endophytes, isolated from halophytic hosts, seems to be an exciting approach for conferring salt tolerance to a salt sensitive crop. Therefore, in the current study, fungal endophytes were isolated from halophytic plants’ roots and their ability to withstand in vitro salt stress was evaluated. They could withstand upto 1M NaCl concentrations and this tolerance was independent of their host or tissue source. When inoculated on salt sensitive wheat seeds/seedlings several of the endophytes showed a positive impact on germination and biomass related parameters upon salt stress, bothin vitroand under glasshouse conditions. One of the isolate from dicot plants (identified asMicrosphaeropsis arundinis) could successfully colonize wheat and promote its growth under salt and no salt conditions. Amongst the fungal isolates that are known to be natural endophytes of wheat, Chaetomium globosum was the best performing isolate which has been reported as an effective biocontrol agent earlier. Based on the results of our preliminary study, we suggest that these fungal endophytes could prove beneficial for salt stress tolerance enhancement of wheat crop.
Differential recognition of opioid analgesics by µ opioid receptors: Predicted interaction patterns correlate with ligand-specific voltage sensitivity
Authors: Kirchhofer Sina B. , Lim Victor Jun Yu , Ruland Julia G. , Kolb Peter , Bünemann Moritz 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe µ opioid receptor (MOR) is the key target for analgesia, but the application of opioids is accompanied by several issues. There is a wide range of opioid analgesics, differing in their chemical structure and their properties in receptor activation and subsequent effects. A better understanding of ligand-receptor interactions and resulting effects is important. Here, we calculated the respective binding modes for several opioids and analyzed fingerprints of ligand-receptor interactions. We further corroborated the binding modes experimentally by cellular assays. As ligand-induced modulation of activity due to changes in membrane potential was displayed by MOR, we further analyzed the effects of voltage sensitivity of this receptor. With a combined in silico and in vitro approach, we defined discriminating interaction patterns for the ligand-specific voltage sensitivity. With this, we present new insights for interactions likely in ligand recognition and their specific effects on activation of the MOR.
Assessing the impact of free-roaming dog population management through systems modelling
Authors: Smith Lauren M. , Quinnell Rupert J. , Goold Conor , Munteanu Alex M. , Hartmann Sabine , Collins Lisa M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFree-roaming dogs can present significant challenges to public health, wildlife conservation, and livestock production. Their own welfare may also be a concern, as free-roaming dogs can experience poor health and welfare. Dog population management is widely conducted to mitigate these issues. To ensure efficient use of resources, it is critical that effective, cost-efficient, and high-welfare strategies are identified. The dog population comprises distinct subpopulations characterised by their restriction status and level of ownership, but the assessment of dog population management often fails to consider the impact of the interaction between subpopulations on management success. We present a system dynamics model that incorporates an interactive and dynamic system of dog subpopulations. We identify that methods incorporating both fertility control and responsible ownership interventions (a reduction in abandonment and an increase in shelter adoptions) have the greatest potential to reduce free-roaming dog population sizes over longer periods of time, whilst being cost-effective and improving overall welfare. We suggest that future management should be applied at high levels of coverage and should target all sources of population increase, such as abandonment, births, and free-roaming owned dogs, to ensure effective and cost-efficient reduction in free-roaming dog numbers.
Polycomb Group Ring Finger Protein 6 suppresses Myc-induced lymphomagenesis
Authors: Tanaskovic Nina , Dalsass Mattia , Ceccotti Giorgia , Filipuzzi Marco , Verrecchia Alessandro , Nicoli Paola , Doni Mirko , Olivero Daniela , Pasini Diego , Koseki Haruhiko , Sabò Arianna , Bisso Andrea , Amati Bruno 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMax is an obligate dimerization partner for the Myc transcription factors and for several repressors, such as Mnt, Mxd1-4 and Mga, collectively thought to antagonize Myc function in transcription and oncogenesis. Mga, in particular, is part of the variant Polycomb group repressive complex PRC1.6. Here, we show that ablation of the distinct PRC1.6 subunit Pcgf6 – but not Mga – accelerates Myc-induced lymphomagenesis in Eµ-myc transgenic mice. Unexpectedly, however, Pcgf6 loss shows no significant impact on transcriptional profiles, in neither pre-tumoral B-cells, nor lymphomas. Altogether, these data unravel an unforeseen, Mga- and PRC1.6-independent tumor suppressor activity of Pcgf6.
Synergistic collagen-condiment: Streptococcal collagen-like (Scl) protein in cell-adhesion and diabetic wound-closure matrix
Authors: Singh Rupneet , Choudhury Chinmayee , Nambiyar Kaniyappan , Sharma Swati , Singh Lakhwinder , Bhatia Alka , Banerjee Dibyajyoti , Das Ashim , Chakraborti Anuradha 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGroup A streptococcus (GAS), Streptococcus pyogenes manifests plethora of diseases through its explicit virulence factors. Among these, the recently deciphered MSCRAMMs, Streptococcal collagen-like (Scls) adhesins are most studied proteins in context of their biophysically stable collagenous-sequence (Gly-X-Y) despite the difference from analogous mammalian-collagen. Based on recent evidence on collagen-mimetic Scls, we elucidated biomaterial-potential of the unmodified, recombinant Scl1 (rScl1). Initially, rScl1 trimeric- assembly yielded its stability in silico than the monomeric-unit. Thereby, rScl1 matrix characterization was confirmed in vitro. rScl1 exhibited high A549 and HepG2 cell- viability—rScl1 dose incremented to 20.0 µg/ml at time points up to 24 hr, and on 24 hr stored-dishes—deliberating it non-cytotoxic. Imploring cell-adhesion potential, we observed increased cell-counts tangential to rScl1-gradient. This affirmative prelude on rScl1 as a supporting-matrix cued its synergy to collagen; we discerned it through rScl1-augmented, full-thickness diabetic wound-closure in vivo and as a first, we studied > 18-month rabbit alloxan-models. We have ascertained re-epithelialization with higher type III collagen in absence of inflammation evidenced morphometrically and histologically. Finally, we correlated our observations through atomistic-evaluation of rScl1-α2β1-integrin interaction, surprisingly, with augmented binding-energy compared to collagen. Hence, connoting recombinant-streptococcal collagen as an ‘alternate’; with further characterization, rScl1 can potentiate important revelations conceding homogeneous and safe, bio-available, biomaterial.
Internal Tremors and Vibration Symptoms Among People with Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: A narrative review of patient reports
Authors: Massey Daisy , Baker Anna D , Berrent Diana Zicklin , Güthe Nick , Shidlovsky Suzanne Pincus , Fisher Liza , Grady Connor B , Caraballo César , Sharma Richa , Krumholz Harlan M 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo introduce the perspective of patients who have PASC with vibrations and tremors as a prominent component, we leveraged the efforts by Survivor Corps, a grassroots COVID-19 patient advocacy group, to gather information from people in their Facebook group suffering from vibrations and tremors. Survivor Corps collected 140 emails and 450 Facebook comments from members. From the emails, we identified 22 themes and 7 broader domains based on common coding techniques for qualitative data and the constant comparative method of qualitative data analysis. Facebook comments were analyzed using Word Clouds to visualize frequency of terms. The respondents’ emails reflected 7 domains that formed the basis of characterizing their experience with vibrations and tremors. These domains were: (1) symptom experience, description, and anatomic location; (2) initial symptom onset; (3) symptom timing; (4) symptom triggers or alleviators; (5) change from baseline health status; (6) experience with medical establishment; and (7) impact on people’s lives and livelihood. There were 22 themes total, each corresponding to one of the broader domains. The Facebook comments Word Cloud revealed that the 10 most common words used in comments were: tremors (64), covid (55), pain (51), vibrations (43), months (36), burning (29), feet (24), hands (22), legs (21), back (20). Overall, these patient narratives described intense suffering, and there is still no diagnosis or treatment available.
The construction of the affinity-seeking strategies of Airbnb homestay hosts
Authors: Qiu Hanqin , Chen Dongzhi , Bi Jian-Wu , Lyu Jiaying , Li Qinghui 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
This study aims to explore the dimensions and sub-factors of Airbnb hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies. It also aims to build a conceptual framework of hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies and their impact on Airbnb guests’ feelings of affection toward their host and/or the homestay and their behavioral intentions.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on 150,161 Inside Airbnb online reviews in three major US cities, this study uses semantic analysis to explore processes through which hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies are constructed.

Findings
A conceptual framework is proposed to identify two dimensions (warmth and competency) and their sub-factors (“presenting friendly attitudes,” “showing personality traits,” “providing service and help” and “promoting social interaction and sharing”) of Airbnb homestay hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies. The framework shows a positive relationship between these strategies and guests’ affection and behavior in response.

Practical implications
The research findings provide valuable insights to hosts for improving their affinity and strengthening their competitive advantages. They also offer guidance to destination management organizations on how to build a positive destination image.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to conceptualize Airbnb homestay hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies. It contributes to the literature by incorporating social cognition theory and service theory in the analysis of these strategies.
An attention-based view of supply disruption risk management: balancing biased attentional processing for improved resilience in the COVID-19 context
Authors: Lorentz Harri , Laari Sini , Meehan Joanne , Eßig Michael , Henke Michael 
Published: December 2021

PurposeIn the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study investigates a variety of approaches to supply disruption risk management for achieving effective responses for resilience at the supply management subunit level (e.g. category of items). Drawing on the attention-based view of the firm, the authors model the attentional antecedents of supply resilience as (1) attentional perspectives and (2) attentional selection. Attentional perspectives focus on either supply risk sources or supply network recoverability, and both are hypothesised to have a direct positive association with supply resilience. Attentional selection is top down or bottom up when it comes to disruption detection, and these are hypothesised to moderate the association between disruption risk management perspectives and resilience.Design/methodology/approachConducted at the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study employs a hierarchical regression analysis on a multicountry survey of 190 procurement professionals, each responding from the perspective of their own subunit area of supply responsibility.FindingsBoth attentional disruption risk management perspectives are needed to achieve supply resilience, and neither is superior in terms of achieving supply resilience. Both the efficiency of the top down and exposure to the unexpected with the bottom up are needed – to a balanced degree – for improved supply resilience.Practical implicationsThe results encourage firms to purposefully develop their supply risk management practices, first, to include both perspectives and, second, to avoid biases in attentional selection for disruption detection. Ensuring a more balanced approach may allow firms to improve their supply resilience.Originality/valueThe results contribute to the understanding of the microfoundations that underpin firms' operational capabilities for supply risk and disruption management and possible attentional biases.
Quality management practices and quality of work life – a conceptual model development
Authors: Srinivasaiah Rashmi , Devappa Renuka Swamy , Nanjundeswaraswamy T.S. 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe present study analyzes the research articles linking quality management practices (QMP) and quality of work life (QWL). The investigation leads toward the formulation of the hypothesis and developing a conceptual framework of QMP and QWL.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a systematic literature review to explore the relationship between QMP and QWL using the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Eric, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and Google Scholar database and identifies critical factors of QMP and QWL using Pareto analysis. Further study proposes a conceptual framework of articles linking QMP and QWL.FindingsA thorough review of the literature identifies three different categories of research articles: “factor identification” articles, “QMP implementation” articles, “scale development” articles, and “influence of QMP on various organizational and employees-related factors” articles. Many studies have attempted to study the relationship and influence of QMP on employee-related factors but not by considering them holistically, thus, underlining the significant gap in the QMP and HRM literature.Research limitations/implicationsTo review the literature on QMP and QWL, only a handful of databases were reviewed. Further, the proposed conceptual model is based on the QMP and QWL/HRM literature review, and it is not empirically validated. Further research can be considered to test and validate the proposed conceptual framework empirically.Practical implicationsThis study highlights a gap in the existing research studies and an incomplete consideration of employees' aspects of QWL. Researchers and organizations are advised to adopt a broader view while assessing QMP implementation's influence on employees.Originality/valueThis study uses a systematic literature review and Pareto analysis to find the critical factors of QMP and QWL, thus providing a new research avenue for researchers, quality experts and human resource managers to consider all the aspects of employees, that is, QWL of employees, to understand the influence of QMP on employees to achieve firm success.
Rethinking dual careers: success factors for career transition of professional football players and the role of sport entrepreneurship
Authors: Ramos Ana Sofia , Hammerschmidt Jonas , Ribeiro Antonio Sérgio , Lima Francisco , Kraus Sascha 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this longitudinal study is to examine the dual career and entrepreneurial experiences of professional football players and their influence on the career transition process to entrepreneurship or employment.Design/methodology/approachThe study examined a Portuguese employer–employee data set from 1991 to 2017 using the logit model, a binary choice regression model that allows predicting the probabilities of two possible qualitative and binary outcomes.FindingsEntrepreneurial experience is the key driver for retired football players to pursue entrepreneurship. Having a dual career and working during the athletic career leads to higher chances of continuing in the labor market as an employee. Higher education levels did not significantly influence the decision to pursue a second career but having secondary education increases the chances of continuing as an entrepreneur.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, the study aims to shed light on success factors in career transition of professional football players who engage in a dual career. Second, the authors introduce sport entrepreneurship as a possible activity alongside an athletic career.Practical implicationsAthletes can benefit from the experience they gain during a dual career in the process of career transition. Working in the final year of an athletic career represents a promising strategy to gain work experience alongside sport without jeopardizing sporting success.Originality/valueThis study adds evidence to the contemporary discourse on dual career theory and career transitions and reconciles the theory of sport entrepreneurship and dual careers.
Coopetition within the entrepreneurial ecosystem: startups’ entrepreneurial learning processes and their implications for new venture performance
Authors: Yang Junping , Zhang Mengjie 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to explore coopetition within the entrepreneurial ecosystem and answer the following two fundamental questions: How does coopetition affect the entrepreneurial learning and performance of startups? and What learning strategies should startups adopt to promote their growth in the coopetition activities?Design/methodology/approachUsing the structural equation model and instrumental variable, this study used a sample of 371 startups to test the hypotheses. Data comes from startups in Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang, China.FindingsThis study finds that the coopetition-performance relationship of startups is marginally negative. This study also finds that exploitative learning and exploratory learning positively mediate this relationship. Ecosystem’s social capital can enhance the coopetition-exploration relationship, but the coopetition-exploitation relationship is not affected.Originality/valueMany studies propose that the coopetition-performance relationship is ambiguous, which makes it meaningful to explore startups individually. Based on the resource-based view and the knowledge-based view, this study deepen the works of Bouncken and Fredrich (2016c), that is, how startups can learn and grow through coopetition activities. This study proposes that coopetition is one of the foundations of the ecosystem and explore the coopetition-performance relationship in this special context. Thus, the present paper adds to the budding literature on the effects of the entrepreneurial ecosystem and to the literature on coopetition.
Infotainment as a hybrid of information and entertainment: a conceptual analysis
Authors: Savolainen Reijo 
Published: December 2021

PurposeTo elaborate the nature of infotainment as a mediating concept between information and entertainment by analysing how the concept of infotainment is approached in diverse domains such as communication research.Design/methodology/approachConceptual analysis was conducted by focussing on 41 key studies on the topic. First, it was examined how researchers have approached the relationships between informational and entertaining elements of infotainment. Thereafter, attention was directed to the ways in which people make use of infotainment. The conceptual analysis is based on the comparison of the similarities and differences between the characterizations of the above issues.FindingsEarly studies characterized infotainment in terms of soft news which is distinct from hard news offering factual information. Later investigations offer a more nuanced picture by approaching infotainment as phenomenon with diverse dimensions depicting the topics, focus and presentation style. Studies on the use of infotainment offer contradictory evidence of the extent to which infotaining programmes can increase people's interest in social, political and health issues, for example.Research limitations/implicationsAs the study concentrates on the analysis of an individual concept, that is, infotainment, the findings cannot be generalized to concern the ways in which informational and entertaining phenomena are related as a whole.Originality/valueBy elaborating the conceptual nature of infotainment, the study contributes to information behaviour research by refining the picture of the relationships between information and entertainment.