bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient perspectives on digital patient reported outcomes in routine care of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Nielsen Amalie Søgaard , Appel Charlotte W. , Larsen Birgit Furstrand , Kayser Lars , Hanna Lisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Digital patient reported outcomes are used increasingly in daily care and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Their purpose includes increased focus on patient wellbeing, reduction in avoidable follow-up consultations and increased patient self-management. However, implementation issues occur and studies indicate patients may have concerns, particularly regarding having fewer face-to-face consultations. This study aims to explore patients’ perspectives of use and non-use of digital patient reported outcomes and to understand the mechanisms underpinning patient reluctance to engage with this health technology.

Results
Sixteen patients with inflammatory bowel disease at a regional hospital in Denmark were interviewed about their experiences of, and perspectives on, digital patient reported outcomes. A certain level of eHealth literacy was found to be a fundamental condition for use, while other factors were barriers or facilitators for use of digital PROs. Patients’ main concerns were about potential consequences for their care and relationship with the clinic. Most patients in stable remission were satisfied with the hospital being a “life-line” if their symptoms worsened, and perceived digital patient reported outcomes to be an efficient tool to establish that “life-line”. Patients with severe symptoms and a high degree of emotional distress related to their disease valued the potential for digital patient reported outcomes to increase their clinicians’ focus on mental health and extra-intestinal symptoms.

Conclusion
This study found that if patients had sufficient digital literacy, they perceived digital patient reported outcomes to be a useful replacement for face-to-face consultations. However, they were concerned about digital patient reported outcomes’ effect on the patient–clinician relationship and its ability to detect worsening of symptoms. These concerns may be mitigated by good patient–clinician relationships, and the option for patients to maintain direct telephone contact with their gastroenterology specialist.
Looking through the lens of a sexual assault examiner: novel trends and approaches in forensic photography
Authors: Yesodharan Renjulal , Jose Tessy Treesa , Nirmal Krishnan M. , Anitha S. , Nayak Vinod C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Sexual violence is cancerous, and it malignantly affects all strata of our community regardless of age, gender, race, ability, and social status. Excellent healthcare service requires professionals who can do a sexual assault examination, collect medico-legal evidence, take photographs of patients' anatomy that was involved in the assault and document what is there and where it is in relation to the victims or perpetrators body or other parts of the crime scene, whether or not it is connected to the crime.

Main text
The objective of this article to orient the professions to the novel trends and approaches in forensic photography, namely e-consent, digital cameras and their accessories, dedicated forensic software, and photographic protocols and procedures.

Conclusion
The inadequate and improper collection, preservation and presentation of evidence can lead to crime scene errors and fewer conviction rates. Training in forensic photography is vital and a game-changer in the sexual assault examination.
The recording of mental health consultations by patients: clinical, ethical and legal considerations
Authors: Hewson Thomas , Abraham Seri , Randles Nathan , Akinola Adeola , Cliff Richard , Byrne Paul , Ramkisson Roshelle 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThe topic of patients recording healthcare consultations has been previously debated in the literature, but little consideration has been given to the risks and benefits of such recordings in the context of mental health assessments and treatment. This issue is of growing importance given the increasing use of technology in healthcare and the recent increase in online healthcare services, largely accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We discuss the clinical, ethical and legal considerations relevant to audio or visual recordings of mental health consultations by patients, with reference to existing UK guidance and the inclusion of a patient's perspective.
Relationship Between Time in Range, Glycemic Variability, HbA1c, and Complications in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: El Malahi Anass , Van Elsen Michiel , Charleer Sara , Dirinck Eveline , Ledeganck Kristien , Keymeulen Bart , Crenier Laurent , Radermecker Régis , Taes Youri , Vercammen Chris , Nobels Frank , Mathieu Chantal , Gillard Pieter , De Block Christophe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) provides information on glycemic variability (GV), time in range (TIR), and guidance to avoid hypoglycemia, thereby complimenting HbA1c for diabetes management. We investigated whether GV and TIR were independently associated with chronic and acute diabetes complications.

Methods
Between September 2014 and January 2017, 515 subjects with type 1 diabetes using sensor-augmented pump therapy were followed for 24 months. The link between baseline HbA1c and CGM-derived glucometrics (TIR [70-180 mg/dL], coefficient of variation [CV], and SD) obtained from the first 2 weeks of RT-CGM use and the presence of complications was investigated. Complications were defined as: composite microvascular complications (presence of neuropathy, retinopathy, or nephropathy), macrovascular complications, and hospitalization for hypoglycemia and/or ketoacidosis.

Results
Individuals with microvascular complications were older (P &lt; 0.001), had a longer diabetes duration (P &lt; 0.001), a higher HbA1c (7.8 ± 0.9 vs 7.5 ± 0.9%, P &lt; 0.001), and spent less time in range (60.4 ± 12.2 vs 63.9 ± 13.8%, P = 0.022) compared with those without microvascular complication. Diabetes duration (odds ratio [OR] = 1.12 [1.09-1.15], P &lt; 0.001) and TIR (OR = 0.97 [0.95-0.99], P = 0.005) were independent risk factors for composite microvascular complications, whereas SD and CV were not. Age (OR = 1.08 [1.03-1.14], P = 0.003) and HbA1c (OR = 1.80 [1.02-3.14], P = 0.044) were risk factors for macrovascular complications. TIR (OR = 0.97 [0.95-0.99], P = 0.021) was the only independent risk factor for hospitalizations for hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis.

Conclusions
Lower TIR was associated with the presence of composite microvascular complications and with hospitalization for hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis. TIR, SD, and CV were not associated with macrovascular complications.
Exploring the role of RRM domains and conserved aromatic residues in RGG motif of eIF4G-binding translation repressor protein Sbp1
Authors: Bhatter Nupur , Iyyappan Rajan , Mohanan Gayatri , Rajyaguru Purusharth I 
Published: September 2021

Background: RNA binding proteins play crucial role in determining if a given mRNA will be translated, stored, or degraded. Sbp1 is an RGG-motif containing protein that is implicated in affecting mRNA decapping and translation. Sbp1 represses translation by binding eIF4G1 through its RGG-motif and activates decapping when overexpressed. In this report, we have assessed the genetic interaction of Sbp1 with decapping activators such as Dhh1, Pat1, and Scd6. We have further analyzed the importance of different domains and specific conserved residues of Sbp1 in its ability to cause over-expression mediated growth defect. Method: Sequence alignment was performed to identify conserved aromatic residues to be mutated. Using site-directed mutagenesis several point mutations and domain deletions were created in Sbp1 expressed under a galactose-inducible promoter. The mutants were tested for their ability to cause growth defect upon over-expression. The ability of Sbp1 to affect over-expression mediated growth defect of other decapping activators was tested using growth assay. Live cell imaging was done to study localization of Sbp1 and its RRM-deletion mutants to RNA granules upon glucose starvation. Results: Mutation of several aromatic residues in the RGG-motif and that of the phosphorylation sites in the RRM domain of Sbp1 did not affect the growth defect phenotype. Deletion of another eIF4G1-binding RGG-motif protein Scd6 does not affect the ability of Sbp1 to cause growth defect. Moreover, absence of Sbp1 did not affect the growth defect phenotypes observed upon overexpression of decapping activators Dhh1 and Pat1. Strikingly deletion of both the RRM domains (RRM1 and RRM2) and not the RNP motifs within them compromised the growth defect phenotype. Sbp1 mutant lacking both RRM1 and RRM2 was highly defective in localizing to RNA granules. Conclusion: This study identifies an important role of RRM domains independent of the RNP motif in Sbp1 function.
Jezus w początkowej fazie judaizmu naukowego
Authors: Skierkowski Marek 
Published: September 2021

Artykuł dotyczy początkowej fazy judaizmu naukowego w relacji do Jezusa. W XIX wieku niektórzy europejscy Żydzi przerwali swoje tradycyjne milczenie o najważniejszej ziemskiej postaci chrześcijństwa. Przede wszystkim zaczęli oni czytać Nowy Testament, traktując go w kategorach niezbędnego źródła na tym polu. Odkryli, że Jezus był prawdziwie żydowski. Niektórzy z nich (I.M. Jost, M. Zipser, L. Philippson, I.M. Rabbinowicz, A. Geiger, H. Rodrigues, M. Duschak, E. Grünebaum, M. Güdemann, A.A. Weill, E. Soloweyczyk, S. Hirsch) umieścili Go w centrum judaizmu, nawet jako faryzeusza, a niektórzy (J.L. Saalschütz, H. Graetz, J. Hamburger, E. Benamozegh, K. Magnus) ulokowali Go na obrzeżach judaizmu, np jako esseńczyka. W ten sposób chrześcijańska apologia, zwana tradycyjnie “Contra/Adversus Judaeos”, zyskała nowy konstruktywny i dynamiczny początek.
Isotope selective three-step photoionization of 176Yb
Authors: Suryanarayana M. V. , Sankari M. 
Published: September 2021

Atomic vapor laser isotope separation of

176

Y
b

has been investigated through the density matrix analysis of laser–atom interactions in a three-step photoionization process. For the first time, to our knowledge, the method has been applied for both odd and even isotopes of Yb. The effects of peak power densities of the lasers, bandwidth of the excitation lasers, angular divergence, and number density of the atoms on the degree of enrichment have been studied. Peak power densities of the first, second, and third excitation lasers of 20, 20, and

40
,

000

W

/

c
m

2

, respectively, and full angle divergence of the atomic beam of 120° were found to be optimum for the isotope separation of

176

Y
b

. The effects of resonant charge exchange collisions and atomic number densities on the degree of enrichment and production rates have also been studied. It has also been observed that the atomic number densities in the laser–atom interaction region should be limited to

1

×

1

0

12

a
t
o
m
s

/

c
m

3

to obtain

∼

90

%

degree of enrichment of the

176

Y
b

isotope. At higher number densities of

1

×

1

0

13

a
t
o
m
s

/

c
m

3

, the degree of enrichment decreases to 43.9%. The optimum range of bandwidths of excitation lasers is found be 90–120 MHz. At optimum conditions, the computed production rate of 22 mg/h is in good agreement with the previously reported value of 20 mg/h.
Unprotected water sources and low latrine coverage are contributing factors to persistent hotspots for schistosomiasis in western Kenya
Authors: Musuva Rosemary M. , Odiere Maurice R. , Mwinzi Pauline N. M. , Omondi Isaiah O. , Rawago Fredrick O. , Matendechero Sultani H. , Kittur Nupur , Campbell Carl H. , Colley Daniel G. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Evidence indicates that whereas repeated rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) programs have reduced schistosomiasis prevalence to appreciable levels in some communities referred to here as responding villages (R). However, prevalence has remained high or less than anticipated in other areas referred to here as persistent hotspot villages (PHS). Using a cross-sectional quantitative approach, this study investigated the factors associated with sustained high Schistosoma mansoni prevalence in some villages despite repeated high annual treatment coverage in western Kenya.

Method
Water contact sites selected based on observation of points where people consistently go to collect water, wash clothes, bathe, swim or play (young children), wash cars and harvest sand were mapped using hand-held smart phones on the Commcare platform. Quantitative cross-sectional surveys on behavioral characteristics were conducted using interviewer-based semi-structured questionnaires administered to assess water usage/contact patterns and open defecation. Questionnaires were administered to 15 households per village, 50 pupils per school and 1 head teacher per school. One stool and urine sample was collected from 50 school children aged 9–12 year old and 50 adults from both responding (R) and persistent hotspot (PHS) villages. Stool was analyzed by the Kato-Katz method for eggs of S. mansoni and soil-transmitted helminths. Urine samples were tested using the point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) test for detection of S. mansoni antigen.

Results
There was higher latrine coverage in R (n = 6) relative to PHS villages (n = 6) with only 33% of schools in the PHS villages meeting the WHO threshold for boy: latrine coverage ratio versus 83.3% in R, while no villages met the girl: latrine ratio requirement. A higher proportion of individuals accessed unprotected water sources for both bathing and drinking (68.5% for children and 89% for adults) in PHS relative to R villages. In addition, frequency of accessing water sources was higher in PHS villages, with swimming being the most frequent activity. As expected based upon selection criteria, both prevalence and intensity of S. mansoni were higher in the PHS relative to R villages (prevalence: 43.7% vs 20.2%; P < 0.001; intensity: 73.8 ± 200.6 vs 22.2 ± 96.0, P < 0.0001), respectively.

Conclusion
Unprotected water sources and low latrine coverage are contributing factors to PHS for schistosomiasis in western Kenya. Efforts to increase provision of potable water and improvement in latrine infrastructure is recommended to augment control efforts in the PHS areas.
COVID-19 mortality with regard to healthcare services availability, health risks, and socio-spatial factors at department level in France: A spatial cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Tchicaya Anastase , Lorentz Nathalie , Leduc Kristell , de Lanchy Gaetan 
Published: September 2021

Background
The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic began in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and quickly spread to the rest of the world. This study aimed to analyse the associations between the COVID-19 mortality rate in hospitals, the availability of health services, and socio-spatial and health risk factors at department level.

Methods and findings
This spatial cross-sectional study used cumulative mortality data due to the COVID-19 pandemic in hospitals until 30 November 2020 as a main outcome, across 96 departments of mainland France. Data concerning health services, health risk factors, and socio-spatial factors were used as independent variables. Independently, we performed negative binomial, spatial and geographically weighted regression models. Our results revealed substantial geographic disparities. The spatial exploratory analysis showed a global positive spatial autocorrelation in each wave indicating a spatial dependence of the COVID-19 deaths across departments. In first wave about 75% of COVID-19 deaths were concentrated in departments of five regions compared to a total of 13 regions. The COVID-19 mortality rate was associated with the physicians density, and not the number of resuscitation beds. Socio-spatial factors were only associated with the COVID-19 mortality rate in first wave compared to wave 2. For example, the COVID-19 mortality rate increased by 35.69% for departments densely populated. Health risk factors were associated with the COVID-19 mortality rate depending on each wave. This study had inherent limitations to the ecological analysis as ecological bias risks and lack of individual data.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has spread more rapidly and takes more severe forms in environments where there is already a high level of vulnerability due to social and health factors. This study showed a different dissemination pattern of COVID-19 mortality between the two waves: a spatial non-stationarity followed by a spatial stationarity in the relationships between the COVID-19 mortality rate and its potential drivers.
Polygenetic risk scores do not add predictive power to clinical models for response to anti-TNFα therapy in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Karmi Naomi , Bangma Amber , Spekhorst Lieke M. , van Dullemen Hendrik M. , Visschedijk Marijn C. , Dijkstra Gerard , Weersma Rinse K. , Voskuil Michiel D. , Festen Eleonora A. M. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) therapy is widely used in the management of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). However, up to a third of patients do not respond to induction therapy and another third of patients lose response over time. To aid patient stratification, polygenetic risk scores have been identified as predictors of response to anti-TNFα therapy. We aimed to replicate the association between polygenetic risk scores and response to anti-TNFα therapy in an independent cohort of patients, to establish its clinical validity.

Materials and methods
Primary non-response, primary response, durable response and loss of response to anti-TNFα therapy was retrospectively assessed for each patient using stringent definitions. Genome wide genotyping was performed and previously described polygenetic risk scores for primary non-response and durable response were calculated. We compared polygenetic risk scores between patients with primary response and primary non-response, and between patients with durable response and loss of response, using separate analyses for CD and UC.

Results
Out of 334 patients with CD, 15 (4%) patients met criteria for primary non-response, 221 (66%) for primary response, 115 (34%) for durable response and 35 (10%) for loss of response. Out of 112 patients with UC, 12 (11%) met criteria for primary non-response, 68 (61%) for primary response, 19 (17%) for durable response and 20 (18%) for loss of response. No significant differences in polygenetic risk scores were found between primary non-responders and primary responders, and between durable responders and loss of responders.

Conclusions
We could not replicate the previously reported association between polygenetic risk scores and response to anti-TNFα therapy in an independent cohort of patients with CD or UC. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to use polygenetic risk scores to predict response to anti-TNFα therapy in patients with IBD.
Ionic liquids as capping agents of silver nanoparticles. Part II: Antimicrobial and cytotoxic study
Authors: Gholami Ahmad , Shams Mahdi Sedigh , Abbaszadegan Abbas , Nabavizadeh Mohammadreza 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study was performed to validate the previous antimicrobial and cytotoxic data on the influence of ionic liquids as coatings of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The antibacterial and cytotoxicity assessments were carried out against different microorganisms and a cancerous cell line. AgNPs with two different ionic-liquid coatings and hydrocarbon chains were synthesized and characterized. We tested the antibacterial activity of these NPs against Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans in planktonic forms and against Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli in biofilm forms. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was employed for toxicity evaluation. The antimicrobial activity of NPs with 12 carbons was significantly higher than those with 18 carbons. Furthermore, NPs with 12 carbons were also effective against bacterial biofilms. All of the NPs tested had good cell viability at different antimicrobial concentrations. The length of the hydrocarbon chain is an essential factor in determining the antimicrobial activity of ionic-liquid-coated AgNPs. The variation in ionic-liquid coatings was not as effective as other influencing factors. Evaluation of AgNPs using other alkyl chain lengths to find the optimal size is recommended.
EGFR binding Fc domain-drug conjugates: stable and highly potent cytotoxic molecules mediate selective cell killing
Authors: Jäger Sebastian , Dickgiesser Stephan , Tonillo Jason , Hecht Stefan , Kolmar Harald , Schröter Christian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The exposition of cancer cells to cytotoxic doses of payload is fundamental for the therapeutic efficacy of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) in solid cancers. To maximize payload exposure, tissue penetration can be increased by utilizing smaller-sized drug conjugates which distribute deeper into the tumor. Our group recently explored small human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeting Fc antigen binding fragments (Fcabs) for ADC applications in a feasibility study. Here, we expand this concept using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting Fcabs for the generation of site-specific auristatin-based drug conjugates. In contrast to HER2-targeting Fcabs, we identified novel conjugation sites in the EGFR-targeting Fcab scaffold that allowed for higher DAR enzymatic conjugation. We demonstrate feasibility of resultant EGFR-targeting Fcab-drug conjugates that retain binding to half-life prolonging neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and EGFR and show high serum stability as well as target receptor mediated cell killing at sub-nanomolar concentrations. Our results emphasize the applicability of the Fcab format for the generation of drug conjugates designed for increased penetration of solid tumors and potential FcRn-driven antibody-like pharmacokinetics.
Proving properties of autonomous car manoeuvres in urban traffic
Authors: Schwammberger Maike 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
As automated driving techniques are increasingly capturing the market, it is particularly important to consider vital functional properties of these systems. We present an overview of an approach that uses an abstract model to logically reason about properties of autonomous manoeuvres at intersections in urban traffic. The approach introduces automotive-controlling timed automata crossing controllers that use the traffic logic UMLSL (Urban Multi-lane Spatial Logic) to reason about traffic situations. Safety in the context of collision freedom is mathematically proven. Liveness (something good finally happens) and fairness (no queue-jumping) are examined and verified using a model-checking tool for timed automata, UPPAAL.
Normal subgroups in the group of column-finite infinite matrices
Authors: Hołubowski Waldemar , Maciaszczyk Martyna , Zurek Sebastian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The classical result, due to Jordan, Burnside, Dickson, says that every normal subgroup of

GL
⁢

(
n
,
K
)

\mathrm{GL}(n,K)

, where 𝐾 is a field and

n
≥
3

n\geq 3

, which is not contained in the center contains

SL
⁢

(
n
,
K
)

\mathrm{SL}(n,K)

.
Rosenberg described the normal subgroups of

GL
⁢

(
V
)

\mathrm{GL}(V)

, where 𝑉 is a vector space of any infinite cardinality dimension over a division ring.
However, when he considers subgroups of the direct product of the center and the group of linear transformations 𝑔 such that

g
-

id
V

g-\mathrm{id}_{V}

has finite-dimensional range, the proof is incomplete.
We fill this gap for countably dimensional 𝑉 giving description of the lattice of normal subgroups in the group of infinite column-finite matrices indexed by positive integers over any field.