bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abductive Theory Construction
Authors: Janiszewski Chris , van Osselaer Stijn M. J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractConsumer research is characterized by two types of research contributions: qualitative researchers propose original theory and quantitative researchers test existing theory. We describe a novel research approach that uses quantitative research methods to propose original theory. The method relies on an iterative investigate‐learn‐update research process that generates, but does not test, original theory. The method places a special emphasis on conducting informed exploratory studies that rely on a breadth of domains, procedures, populations, and analyses. This research approach has three benefits. First, it promotes the discovery of original theory in understudied domains. Second, the method encourages broad, boundary‐expanding exploration, hence, has the potential to propose original theories that encompasses a large set of relationships. Third, the iterative nature of the method mitigates the inclusion of idiosyncratic construct relationships in the proposed theory. We provide a hypothetical illustration of the method and provide examples of research topics that might benefit from the approach.
The New Economic Geography and labour emigration: Analysing Venezuela's hyperinflation episode
Authors: Rocha Ademir , Gomes da Silva Cleomar , Perobelli Fernando 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Venezuelan hyperinflation process has caused serious economic and social consequences. The wave of migrants and refugees fleeing the country is one of the most obvious and important faces of the problem, with significant regional impacts. This paper aims to develop a methodology, related to the New Economic Geography, to explain Venezuelan labour migration flow from changes in the price level. Results from the model's simulations show that in the short run (1‐year horizon), Venezuelan industrial and agricultural workers tend to emigrate to nearby countries. However, in the long run (10‐year horizon), the decision is based on real wage differential.
Age‐related cellular and microstructural changes in the rotator cuff enthesis
Authors: Long Zeling , Nakagawa Koichi , Wang Zhanwen , Amadio Peter C. , Zhao Chunfeng , Gingery Anne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRotator cuff injuries increase with age. The enthesis is the most frequent site of rotator cuff injury and degeneration. Understanding age‐related changes of the enthesis are essential to determine the mechanism of rotator cuff injuries, degeneration, and to guide mechanistically driven therapies. In this study, we explored age‐related cellular changes of the rotator cuff enthesis in young, mature, and aged rats. Here we found that the aged enthesis is typified by an increased mineralized zone and decreased nonmineralized zone. Proliferation, migration, and colony‐forming potential of rotator cuff derived cells (RCECs) was attenuated with aging. The tenogenic and chondrogenic potential were significantly reduced, while the osteogenic potential increased in aged RCECs. The adipogenic potential increased in RCECs with age. This study explores the cellular differences found between young, mature, and aged rotator cuff enthesis cells and highlights the importance of using age‐appropriate models, as well as provides a basis for further delineation of mechanisms and potential therapeutics for rotator cuff injuries.
Refinement of the tephrostratigraphy straddling the northern Patagonian Andes (40–41°S): new tephra markers, reconciling different archives and ascertaining the timing of piedmont deglaciation
Authors: Alloway Brent V. , Pearce Nicholas J. G. , Moreno Patricio I. , Villarosa Gustavo , Jara Ignacio A. , Henríquez Carla A. , Sagredo Esteban A. , Ryan Matthew T. , Outes Valeria 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTWe describe the stratigraphy, age, geochemistry and correlation of tephra from west to east across the northern Patagonian Andes (c. 40–41°S) with a view to further refining the eruptive history of this region back to the onset of the Last Glacial Termination (~18 cal. ka). Eastwards across the Andes, rhyodacite to rhyolitic tephra markers of dominantly Puyehue‐Cordón Caulle source are persistently recognised and provide a stratigraphic context for more numerously erupted intervening tephra of basalt to basaltic–andesite composition. Tephra from distal eruptive centres are also recognised.West of the Andean Cordillera, organic‐rich cores from a small closed lake basin (Lago Pichilafquén) reveal an exceptional high‐resolution record of lowland vegetation–climate change and eruptive activity spanning the last 15 400 years. Three new rhyodacite tephra (BT6‐T1, ‐T2 and ‐T4) identified near the base of the Pichilafquén record, spanning 13.2 to 13.9 cal. ka bp, can be geochemically matched with correlatives in basal andic soil sequences closely overlying regolith and/or basement rock. The repetitiveness of this tephrostratigraphy across this Andean transect suggests near‐synchronous tephra accretion and onset of up‐building soil formation under more stable (revegetating) ground‐surface conditions following rapid piedmont deglaciation on both sides of the Cordillera by at least ~14 cal. ka bp.
Geochronological and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of colluvial deposits in a cuesta landscape in south‐eastern Brazil
Authors: de Godoi Pinton Leandro , Lupinacci Cenira Maria 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTThe classic models of cuesta evolution in south‐eastern Brazil have temporal gaps in their denudation chronology. Here, we analyzed the colluvial deposits located on the rim of the Serra Geral escarpments in the Paraná Basin to propose a model with an absolute age range of minor landform evolution within this cuesta morphology. Correlation of the optically stimulated luminescence ages with the regional paleoclimatic conditions demonstrates that the successive phases of colluviation reflect either short‐term intervals of variability in moisture availability or dry periods in the Holocene. The potential effects of other contributing factors (vegetation changes, local geomorphic settings and human activity) add complexity to the denudation responsible for the development of the investigated geomorphic chronosequences. The proposed model consists of five stages of hillslope sediment remobilization that were responsible for further remodeling of the minor vertical steps during the following chronological distribution: (i) 9.13 ± 1.2–7.09 ± 0.96 ka; (ii) 5.66 ± 0.86–4.5 ± 0.75 ka; (iii) 3.94 ± 0.605–3.45 ± 0.6 ka; (iv) 2.66 ± 0.315–2.3 ± 0.4 ka; and (v) after 1960 to the present day.
As above, so below? Effects of fungicides on microbial organic matter decomposition are stronger in the hyporheic than in the benthic zone
Authors: Bollinger Eric , Zubrod Jochen P. , Konschak Marco , Sulzer Lenz , Schnurr Jacob , Schreiner Verena C. , Schulz Ralf , Bundschuh Mirco 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMicrobial organic matter decomposition is a critical ecosystem function, which can be negatively affected by chemicals. Although the majority of organic matter is stored in sediments, the impact of chemicals has exclusively been studied in benthic systems. To address this knowledge gap, we assessed the impact of a fungicide mixture at three concentrations on the decomposition of black alder leaves in the benthic and hyporheic zone. We targeted two sediment treatments characterized by fine and coarse grain sizes (1–2 vs. 2–4 mm). Besides microbial communities' functioning (i.e., decomposition), we determined their structure through microbial biomass estimates and community composition. In absence of fungicides, leaf decomposition, microbial biomass estimates and fungal sporulation were lower in the hyporheic zone, while the importance of bacteria was elevated. Leaf decomposition was reduced (40%) under fungicide exposure in fine sediment with an effect size more than twice as high as in the benthic zone (15%). These differences are likely triggered by the lower hydraulic conductivity in the hyporheic zone influencing microbial dispersal as well as oxygen and nutrient fluxes. Since insights from the benthic zone are not easily transferable, these results indicate that the hyporheic zone requires a higher recognition with regard to ecotoxicological effects on organic matter decomposition.
Stimuli‐Responsive Aggregation of High Molar Mass Poly(N,N‐Diethylacrylamide)‐b‐Poly(4‐Acryloylmorpholine) in Tetrahydrofuran
Authors: Plucinski Alexander , Pavlovic Marko , Clarke Mairi , Bhella David , Schmidt Bernhard V. K. J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe self‐assembly of block copolymers constitutes a timely research area in polymer science with implications for applications like sensing or drug‐delivery. Here, the unprecedented aggregation behavior of high molar mass block copolymer poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide)‐b‐poly(4‐acryloylmorpholine) (PDEA‐b‐PAM) (Mn>400 kg mol−1) in organic solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF) is investigated. To elucidate the aggregation, dynamic light scattering, cryo‐transmission electron microscopy, and turbidimetry are employed. The aggregate formation is assigned to the unprecedented upper critical solution temperature behavior of PAM in THF at elevated concentrations (> 6 wt.%) and high molar masses. Various future directions for this new thermo‐responsive block copolymer are envisioned, for example, in the areas of photonics or templating of inorganic structures.
AKband self‐packagedSISL Rotmanlens antenna array using low‐costFR4
Authors: Zhang Guoshuai , Ma Kaixue , Yan Ningning , Luo Yu , Fu Haipeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA Rotman lens antenna array with advantages of self‐packaging, low cost, and broadband is proposed by using substrate integrated suspended line technology at K band. The proposed lens‐fed antenna is designed to be low cost by using only FR4 material on all substrates. Meanwhile, patterned substrate and double metal layers with metalized via hole connecting are utilized to reduce its loss. To evaluate the proposed method, two Rotman lenses with different port numbers are designed, fabricated, and measured. For verification of switch beam property, the quasi‐Yagi antenna array is designed for broadband operation and low profile to integrate with the Rotman lens. The experimental results show that the scanning range is ±24° and ±30° of the two lenses, respectively.
Shim optimization with region of interest‐specific Tikhonov regularization: Application to second‐order slice‐wise shimming of the brain
Authors: Shi Yuhang , Clare Stuart , Vannesjo Signe Johanna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeSlice‐wise shimming can improve field homogeneity, but suffers from large noise propagation in the shim calculation. Here, we propose a robust shim current optimization for higher‐order dynamic shim updating, based on Tikhonov regularization with a variable regularization parameter, .Theory and Methods was selected for each slice separately in a fully automatic procedure based on a combination of boundary constraints and an L‐curve search algorithm. Shimming performance was evaluated for second order slice‐wise shimming of the brain at 7T, by simulation on a database of field maps from 143 subjects, and by direct measurements in 8 subjects.ResultsSimulations yielded on average 36% reduction in the shim current norm for just 0.4 Hz increase in residual field SD as compared to unconstrained unregularized optimization. In vivo results yielded on average 34.0 Hz residual field SD as compared to 34.3 Hz with a constrained unregularized optimization, while simultaneously reducing the shim current norm to 2.8 A from 3.9 A. The proposed regularization also reduced the average step in the shim current between slices.ConclusionSlice‐wise variable Tikhonov regularization yielded reduced current norm and current steps to a negligible cost in field inhomogeneity. The method holds promise to increase the robustness, and thereby the utility, of higher‐order shim updating.
Patient Frustration with Pelvic Organ Prolapse Education Met with Resilient Response
Authors: Corley Elizabeth M. , Terse Pranaya , Paulosky Kayla E. , Karsalia Moli , Nemirovsky Amy , Malik Rena D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionLimited patient understanding due to challenges in physician–patient communication and inadequate patient education materials (PEMs) can result in poor outcomes after pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair. Our objective was to identify how patients learned about POP and review their perception of available educational tools.MethodsPatients with a history of POP were recruited using ResearchMatch and invited to participate in a virtual semi‐structured interview where they were shown a website, brochure, and video pertaining to POP. Information regarding patient preference for PEMs was obtained. The interviews were transcribed, coded, and qualitative data analysis was performed using grounded theory methodology.ResultsQualitative analysis of interviews of 13 participants averaging 58 years old yielded several preliminary themes including: insufficient information to guide treatment decisions, preference for multimodal, dynamic, and comprehensive materials, and lack of support leading to avoidance of care, misinformation, and self‐advocacy mechanisms. Emerging concepts included: lack of complete information regarding POP treatment resulted in misinformation, stress and desperation, distrust of healthcare providers leading to feelings of isolation, desire of support groups, and loss of follow up, and a desire for well‐organized, detailed, multimodal, and destigmatizing materials as a guide to their disease process, prevention and risk factors, its natural progression, and treatment decisions. Participants developed self‐reliant strategies for making treatment decisions, including the use of online resources, advice from friends, and independent search for more specialized physicians.ConclusionsWomen with POP reported a lack of information and support which resulted in the generation of self‐coping mechanisms. This led to significant anxiety surrounding their diagnosis and treatment and poor satisfaction. Developing a reproducible methodology to create evidence‐based PEMs will significantly decrease patient misinformation, apprehension, and use of inaccurate sources of information.
Surface modification of rice husk–based carbon–silica dual‐phase filler by ethanol‐assisted milling and its reinforcing on natural rubber
Authors: Chen Zhixiao , Qian Miaomiao , Liu Chang , Xue Beichen , Yu Liyun , Zhu Yanchao , Wang Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSilica carbon black (SiCB) was used as a natural carbon–silica dual‐phase filler (CSDPF) containing both biochar and silica, which was obtained by pyrolysis of rice husks. The reinforcing performances of SiCB were limited by the large particle size and poor surface activity. In this work, the size and distribution of the SiCB particles were modified by ethanol‐assisted milling (S/E), and increase in oxygen‐containing groups enhanced the surface activity of SiCB and promoted the grafting of silane coupling agent (Si69). The filler–rubber interfacial interactions were enhanced when the Si69‐grafted SiCB (S/E‐X, X means the amount of Si69) was used as filler for natural rubber (NR). Compared with the SiCB‐filled NR (SiCB/NR), the S/E‐3‐filled NR (S/E‐3/NR) showed 44%, 19%, and 27% improvement in the tensile strength, tear strength, and stress at 300% strain, respectively, and the reinforcing properties have reached the level of commercial carbon black (N774). This study provides a novel way for surface modification of CSDPF and improves the application of rice husk–based materials in rubber composites.
Esophageal impedance baseline in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A pilot study
Authors: Nobile Stefano , Marchionni Paolo , Meneghin Fabio , Salvatore Silvia , Noviello Carmine , Margiotta Gaia , Giorgio Valentina , Vento Giovanni 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) may induce gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Esophageal impedance baseline values (BI) reflect mucosal inflammation. Our aim was to evaluate BI levels in preterm infants with BPD compared with those without BPD and to identify BI predictors.MethodsThis is a retrospective pilot study including infants born <32 weeks' gestational age (GA) who underwent esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII)‐pH. Univariate/multivariate analysis were performed to compare data between BPD and non‐BPD infants and to identify BI predictors. A subgroup analysis was performed in infants born <29 weeks' GA, at highest risk for BPD.ResultsNinety‐seven patients (median GA 285/7 weeks, mean postnatal age 49 days, 29 with BPD), were studied. BPD infants had significantly lower birth weight compared with non‐BPD infants (750 vs. 1275 g), were more immature (274/7 vs. 290/7 weeks GA), were older at MII‐pH (79 vs. 38 days) and received less fluids during MII‐pH (147 vs. 161 ml/kg/day). The same findings were found in the group of 53 infants born <29 weeks. BPD versus non‐BPD infants had significantly lower BI (2050 vs. 2574 ohm, p = 0.007) (<1000 ohm in five BPD infants vs. one non‐BPD) whereas the other MII‐pH parameters were not significantly different. Multiple regression analysis found that increasing chronological age was positively associated with BI (B = 9.3, p = 0.013) whereas BPD was associated with lower BI (B = −793.4, p < 0.001).ConclusionsBPD versus non‐BPD infants had significantly lower BI despite similar MII‐pH data. BPD and chronological age predicted BI, whereas only BPD predicted BI in the most immature infants.
Optimization of clinical risk‐factor interpretation and radiological findings with machine learning for PIRADS category 3 patients
Authors: Aussavavirojekul Pubordee , Hoonlor Apirak , Srinualnad Sittiporn 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundDue to the low cancer‐detection rate in patients with PIRADS category 3 lesions, we created machine learning (ML) models to facilitate decision‐making about whether to perform prostate biopsies or monitor clinical information without biopsy results.MethodsIn our retrospective, single‐center study, 101 eligible patients with at least one PIRADS category 3 lesion but no higher PIRADS lesions underwent MRI/US fusion biopsies between September 2017 and June 2020. Thirty additional patients were included as the validation cohort from the next chronological period from June 2020 to October 2020. Our ML research was a supervised classification problem, with a binary output based on pathological reports of cancerous or benign tissue. The clinical inputs were age, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, prostate‐specific antigen density (PSAD), and the number of previous biopsies. The radiology‐report inputs were the number of lesions, maximum lesion diameter, lesion location, and lesion zone. We subsequently removed the inputs with low importance. Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting Tree (XGBoost) were employed. From receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, we determined Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC), the cut‐off point, and sensitivity score (recall score) to evaluate the ML‐model performance.ResultsTwenty‐four adenocarcinoma patients had a mean age of 70 ± 5.79 years, a mean PSA of 12.42 ± 6.67 ng/ml, a mean prostate volume of 46.49 ± 23.13 ml, and a mean PSAD of 0.31 ± 0.22 ng/ml2. Seventy‐seven patients with benign tissue reports had a mean age of 66.39 ± 6.66 years, a mean PSA of 11.31 ± 7.50 ng/ml, a mean prostate volume of 65.25 ± 35.88 ml, and a mean PSAD of 0.19 ± 0.13 ng/ml2. On the validation cohort, XGBoost had the best AUC of 0.76, which considered 80% sensitivity and 72% specificity at a probability cutoff of 57%. The remaining possible ML models performed worse with lesser AUC. The worst was Naïve Bayes, with AUC of 0.50.ConclusionsML models facilitate PIRADS 3 patient selection for MRI/US fusion biopsies. ML could optimize how we use previously known clinical risk factors to their full potential.
Tripeptide loop closure: A detailed study of reconstructions based on Ramachandran distributions
Authors: O'Donnell Timothée , Robert Charles H. , Cazals Frédéric 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTripeptide loop closure (TLC) is a standard procedure to reconstruct protein backbone conformations, by solving a zero‐dimensional polynomial system yielding up to 16 solutions. In this work, we first show that multiprecision is required in a TLC solver to guarantee the existence and the accuracy of solutions. We then compare solutions yielded by the TLC solver against tripeptides from the Protein Data Bank. We show that these solutions are geometrically diverse (up to Root mean square deviation with respect to the data) and sound in terms of potential energy. Finally, we compare Ramachandran distributions of data and reconstructions for the three amino acids. The distribution of reconstructions in the second angular space stands out, with a rather uniform distribution leaving a central void. We anticipate that these insights, coupled to our robust implementation in the Structural Bioinformatics Library (
https://sbl.inria.fr/doc/Tripeptide_loop_closure‐user‐manual.html), will help understanding the properties of TLC reconstructions, with potential applications to the generation of conformations of flexible loops in particular.
Automated multi‐attribute method sample preparation using high‐throughput buffer exchange tips
Authors: Ogata Yuko , Quizon Pamela M. , Nightlinger Nancy S. , Sitasuwan Pongkwan , Snodgrass Casey , Lee L. Andrew , Meyer Jeffrey D. , Rogers Richard S. 
Published: November 2021

RationaleThe multi‐attribute method (MAM) has become a valuable mass spectrometry (MS)‐based tool that can identify and quantify the site‐specific product attributes and purity information for biotherapeutics such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and fusion molecules in recent years. As we expand the use of the MAM at various stages of drug development, it is critical to enhance the sample preparation throughput without additional chemical modifications and variability.MethodsIn this study, a fully automated MAM sample preparation protocol is presented, where rapid desalting in less than 15 minutes is achieved using miniaturized size‐exclusion chromatography columns in pipette tips on an automated liquid handler. The peptide samples were analyzed using an electrospray ionization (ESI) orbitrap mass spectrometer coupled to an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system with a dual column switching system.ResultsNo significant change was observed in product attributes and their quantities compared with manual, low‐artifact sample preparation. The sample recovery using the buffer exchange tips was greatly enhanced over the manual spin cartridges while still demonstrating excellent reproducibility for a wide variety of starting sample concentrations. Unlike a plate desalting system, the individual columns provide flexibility in the number of samples prepared at a time and sample locations within plates.ConclusionsThis automated protocol enables the preparation of up to 96 samples with less “at‐bench” time than the manual preparation of a smaller batch of samples, thereby greatly facilitating support of process development and the use of the MAM in quality control.