bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disruption of the Oral Microbiota Is Associated With a Higher Risk of Relapse After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: de Molla Vinícius Campos , Heidrich Vitor , Bruno Julia , Knebel Franciele , Miranda-Silva Wanessa , Asprino Paula , Tucunduva Luciana , Rocha Vanderson , Novis Yana , Camargo Anamaria , Fregnani Eduardo , Arrais-Rodrigues Celso 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Intestinal microbiota (IM) diversity and composition regulates host immunity and affects outcomes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods: We evaluated how the oral mucosa microbiota (OM) impacts the outcomes in patients who underwent allo-HSCT. Samples from the oral mucosa of 30 patients were collected at three time points: before the conditioning, at aplasia, and at engraftment. We analyzed the associations of OM diversity and composition with allo-HSCT outcomes. Results: Higher OM diversity at preconditioning was associated with a lower risk of relapse in 3 years (33% versus 68%, respectively; P = 0.04). Dominance (relative abundance ≥30%) by a single genus at preconditioning was associated with a higher risk of relapse (63% versus 36%, respectively; P = 0.04), worse progression-free survival (PFS; 19% versus 55%, respectively; P = 0.01), and poorer overall survival (OS) at 3 years (38% versus 81%, respectively; P= 0.02). Conclusion: The presence of Solobacterium at preconditioning was associated with a lower risk of relapse (9% versus 56%, respectively; P = 0.04). This is the first study to address the relationship between OM and clinical outcomes after allo-HSCT.
Reduced frequency of migraine attacks following COVID-19 disease
Authors: Houben Roland 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background:SARS-CoV-2 is a virus affecting different organs and causing a wide variety and severity of symptoms. Headache as well as loss of smell and taste are the most frequently reported neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 induced coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Case Presentation:Here we report on a 57-year old male patient with chronic migraine and medication overuse headache who fell ill with COVID-19. For many years prior to his Sars-Cov2 infection he suffered from very frequent migraine attacks and for control of headache he had been taking triptans almost daily. In the 16-month period before outbreak of COVID-19 on 98% of the days triptans were taken with only a 21-day prednisolone-supported triptan holiday, which, however, had no longer-lasting consequences on migraine frequency. Upon Sars-Cov2 infection, the patient developed only mild symptoms including fever, fatigue and headache. Directly following recovery from COVID-19 the patient surprisingly experienced a period with largely reduced frequency and severity of migraine attacks. Indeed, during 80 days following COVID-19, migraine as well as triptan usage were restricted to only 25% of the days no more fulfilling criteria of chronic migraine and medication overuse headache.Conclusion:SARS-CoV-2 infection might be capable of triggering mitigation of migraine.
The nose is the best niche for detection of pneumococcal colonisation following experimental challenge in adults of all ages
Authors: Nikolaou Elissavet , German Esther Lauryn , Blizard Annie , Howard Ashleigh , Hitchins Lisa , Chen Tao , Chadwick Jim , Pojar Sherin , Mitsi Elena , Solórzano Carla , Sunny Syba , Dunne Felicity , Gritzfeld Jenna F , Adler Hugh , Hinds Jason , Gould Katherine A , Rylance Jamie , Collins Andrea M , Gordon Stephen B , Ferreira Daniela M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Previous studies have suggested that the pneumococcal niche changes from the nose to the oropharynx with age. We use an Experimental Human Pneumococcal Challenge model to investigate pneumococcal colonisation in each anatomical niche with age.
Methods

Healthy adults (n = 112) were intranasally inoculated with Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6B (Spn6B) and were categorised as young 18-55yrs (n = 57) or older > 55yrs (n = 55). Colonisation status (frequency and density) was determined by multiplex qPCR targeting the lytA and cpsA-6A/B genes in both raw and culture-enriched nasal wash and oropharyngeal swab samples collected at 2-, 7- and 14-days post-exposure. For older adults, raw and culture-enriched saliva samples were also assessed.
Results

64% of NW samples and 54% of OPS samples were positive for Spn6B in young adults, compared to 35% of NW samples, 24% of OPS samples and 6% of saliva samples in older adults. Many colonisation events were only detected in culture-enriched samples. Experimental colonisation was detected in 72% of young adults by NW and 63% by OPS. In older adults, this was 51% by NW, 36% by OPS and 9% by saliva.
Conclusions

The nose is the best niche for detection of experimental pneumococcal colonisation in both young and older adults.
Early Versus Delayed Hip Reduction in Treating Femoral Head Fracture Combined With Posterior Hip Dislocation: A Comparative Study
Authors: Wang Shanxi , Li Bohua , Zhang Zhengdong , Yu Xiaojun , Li Qin , Liu Lei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Few studies focus on the treatment of femoral head fracture combined with posterior hip dislocation, and the the safe interval time between injury and reduction still remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the outcome of early and delayed hip reduction in treating femoral head fracture combined with posterior hip dislocation. Methods: A total of 71 patients were evaluated in this retrospective study. Based on the time to hip reduction, they were divided into early group (within 6 hours after injury) and delayed group (between 6 - 12 hours after injury). The two groups were compared in reference to hospital day, fracture healing time, the occurrence of complications and final functional outcome. The Thompson-Epstein criteria, modified merled’ Aubigne-Postel scores, visual analog scale (VAS) and Medical Outcomes Short Form 12-item questionnaire score (SF-12) were used for final functional evaluation.Results: The mean hospital day and fracture healing time in the early group were significantly lower than delayed group. The incidence of infection, post-traumatic osteoarthritis, and avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) in the delayed group were higher than early group. The early group had better functional outcomes in term of Thompson-Epstein criteria, modified merled’ Aubigne-Postel scores and physical component scale (PCS) than delayed group. Conclusions: For the treatment of femoral head fracture combined with posterior hip dislocation, the early and prompt hip reduction can effectively facilitate the fracture healing and patient recovery as well as obtain better functional outcomes.
Analysis of Genomic Variation in Different Brassica Napus Synthetic Allopolyploids
Authors: Wei Yunxiao , Li Guoliang , Li Fei , Zhang Shujiang , Zhang Shifan , Zhang Hui , Zhang Rui , Sun Rifei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Allopolyploidy is an evolutionary and mechanisticaly intriguing process involving the reconciliation of two or more sets of diverged genomes and regulatory interactions, resulting in new phenotypes. In this study, we explored the genomic variation of eight F2 synthetic B. napus using whole-genome sequencing. We found that there was a genetic variation in the F2 generation. Part of the variation was consistent in the F2 generation, and a small number of mutations only appeared in a single plant of the F2 generation. The analysis of copy number variation (CNV) found that most of the AA genome was lost, and most of the CC genome was obtained. In addition, there was inter-chromosomal translocation (CTX) in the F2 generation and the number of each plant was different. The above results indicate that the F2 generation showed genetic variation and there was a difference between eight plants, which may lay a molecular basis for the unique field performance of the offspring. It provides a new perspective of genomic variation and trait separation in the early stages of allopolyploid polyploid formation.
Establishing an Appropriate Z Score Regression Equation for Chinese Pediatric Coronary Artery Echocardiography: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fan Shu-min , Xia Bei , Liu Wei-xiang , Yu Wei , Wu Zhi-xia , Chen Shu-Bao , Liu Qing-Hua , Chen Wen-juan , Zhu Shan-liang , Jin Mei , Min Jie-Qing , Xu Yang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Z score utility is emphasized in classifying coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease patients. The present study is the largest such multicenter Chinese pediatric study about coronary artery diameter reference values and Z score regression equation to date. It is useful in Chinese pediatric echocardiography.Methods: A multicenter cohort was assembled, which consisted of 852 healthy children between 1 month and 17 years of age, ten children were excluded because their ultrasound images were not clear, or lost in following up. Diameters of the right coronary artery, left coronary artery, and left anterior descending coronary artery were assessed using echocardiography. Data were body surface area (BSA)-corrected using BSA calculated via either the Stevenson BSA formula or the Haycock BSA formula. Coronary artery diameter reference values and Z score regression equations were established for use in the Chinese pediatric population. Results: No difference was observed between coronary artery diameter data corrected using BSAste or BSAhay. Of the five assessed regression models, the exponential model exhibited the best fit and was therefore selected as the basis for derivation of the SZ method. When comparing Z scores, those produced by the SZ method conformed to the standard normal distribution, while those produced by the D method did not. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference between Z scores produced by the SZ and D methods (P < 0.05).Conclusions：Coronary artery diameter reference values for echocardiography were successfully established for use in the Chinese pediatric population, and a Z score regression equation more suitable for clinical use in this population was successfully developed.
The Challenges of Physicians' Participation in Hospital Accreditation Programs: A Qualitative Study in Iran
Authors: Ebrahimipou Hosein , Houshmand Elahe , Varmaghani Mehdi , Javan-Noughabi Javad , Mojtabaeian Seyyed Morteza 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background. Due to the increasing pressure on hospitals to improve the quality of patient care, the need for physicians to participate in quality improvement Programs, especially hospital accreditation, has become more important. The present study was conducted to describe challenges of physicians' participation in accreditation programs in Iran using a qualitative approach.Methods. We conducted interviews with 11 managers, 9 physicians, 8 officials and experts in the field of quality management selected through purposive snowball sampling. The initial in-depth unstructured interviews were reviewed and transformed into semi-structured ones. The data obtained were analyzed in ATLAS.ti using the conceptual framework method.Results. 3 main concepts (cultural, organizational, behavioral) and 12 sub-concepts (Motivation, patient demand, mutual trust and evaluation system, high workload, understanding the role of quality management unit, unrealistic accreditation, nature of accreditation, empowerment of physicians in the field of quality, effective communication, resource constraint, ambiguity in the role of uncertainty about participation), And 57 items emerged from the analysis of the data.Conclusion. The implementation of this program can be improved through Culture building, proper accreditation training and quality improvement activities in the medical community helped to implements.
Comparative study of Hormonal Receptor Status Discrepancy - Brain Breast Cancer Metastasectomy vs Other Localities.
Authors: Procházková Kristýna , Vodička Josef , Horová Jana , Hošek Petr , Vrzáková Radana , Soukupová Veronika , Skála Martin , Šebek Jakub , Kučera Radek , Dostál Jiří , Přibáň Vladimír , Hes Ondřej , Svoboda Tomáš , Fínek Jindřich , Třeška Vladislav 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Hormonal receptor (HR) status is one of the key factors when determining the treatment of breast cancer. Even though HR conversion is one of the most researched topics recently, most of the previous studies include only the results of biopsies instead of samples obtained by metastasectomy. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the occurrence of HR status conversion in brain breast cancer metastatic tissue to other localities. Methods: A total of 50 patients after breast cancer metastasectomy of brain, lung or liver were included in the study. The clinical characteristics were recorded. Results: HR conversion was observed in a total of 30 cases (60.0%), while HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) discrepancy occurred only in one case (2.0%). Endocrine therapy significantly contributed to the decrease progesterone and estrogen receptor expression in metastatic tissue compared to the primary tumor (p = 0.009, p = 0.023; respectively). Triple negativity was more common in the brain metastases (p = 0.039). Liver metastases occurred in significantly younger patients (p = 0.034), however brain metastases had the poorest OS (p = 0.007). Conclusion: HR conversion occurs in more than 50% of cases of breast cancer metastatic disease, while HER2 discrepancy is rare. Hormonal therapy significantly contributes to the decrease of HR positivity in metastases. Triple negativity is more common in the brain metastases than in other localities. Brain metastases of breast cancer are associated with the poorest prognosis.
Study on the Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Homocysteine in the Physical Examination Population
Authors: Bao Fang , Cui Ming , Shi Xiuying , Ju Shaoqing , Cong Hui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Homocysteine (Hcy) is considered to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. No study has evaluated the distribution of Hcy on a large-scale health examination. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the level and distribution of Hcy in the healthy physical examination population and the correlation with other biomarkers, and analyzed for cardiovascular and other diseases. The prevention provides an important scientific basis.Methods: From February 2017 to April 2020, 8063 medical examination populations were selected for analysis. Determination of serum Hcy, TC, TG, LDL-c, HDL-c, ALT, ALP, γ-GT, TBIL, GLU, urea, Cr, UA and related metabolic risk factors. According to the multivariate regression model of age, gender, smoking, drinking, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), the relationship between Hcy and other biochemical indicators was evaluated. Results: Among 8063 cases, the age, BMI, SBP and DBP of the high-Hcy group were higher than those of the low-Hcy group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the proportion of males, smoking and drinking were higher than the low In the Hcy group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the ALT, ALP, γ-GT, TBIL, Urea, Cr, UA, and TG in the high Hcy group were higher than those in the low Hcy group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 ); HDL-c in the high-Hcy group was lower than that in the low-Hcy group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in TC, LDL-c, and GLU between the high- and low-Hcy groups (P>0.05). In multivariate analysis, lnHDL-C was negatively correlated with lnHcy (β=-0.038, SE=0.016, P<0.05), lnCr was positively correlated with lnHcy (β=0.055, SE=0.016, P<0.05), lnUA and lnHcy were positive correlation (β=0.043, SE=0.019, P<0.05). Conclusion: Hcy is closely related to HDL-c, Cr and UA, which indicates that Hcy may affect the metabolism of HDL-c and UA, and can also be used as an auxiliary diagnostic index for kidney injury.
Effect of informal care on health care utilisation for the elderly in China: Evidence from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)
Authors: Chen Xinlan , Su Dai , Chen Xinlin , Chen Yingchun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundReceiving informal care from family members is the mainstream way of care for the elderly in China because of the influence of the culture of filial piety. However, the relationship between informal care and health care use in urban and rural areas needs to be further explored. This study aimed to understand the effect of informal care on health care utilisation for the elderly and explore how this effect differ between urban and rural China.MethodA total of 5704 residents aged 65 years and above were selected from the wave 3 (2015) and wave 4 (2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, which is a nationally representative survey. A negative binomial regression model for panel data was used to explore the relationship between informal care and health care utilisation. Besides, a fixed-effect binary choice model for panel data was used for sensitivity test.ResultThe elderly who received informal care had an increase in outpatient and inpatient visits compared with those who did not receive. The inpatient visits of the elderly who received 15–29 days of informal care was higher (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 2.082, P < 0.05). In addition, the elderly who received informal care for more than 30 days had 39.6% more inpatient visits (IRR = 1.396, P < 0.01) and 37.4% more outpatient visits than the elderly who did not receive informal care (IRR = 1.374, P < 0.05). For urban respondents, receiving informal care can facilitate outpatient use of the elderly, but for rural respondents, receiving informal care can predict an increase in outpatient and inpatient visits.ConclusionThe impact of informal care on health care utilisation varies between rural and urban residents. Relevant departments should pay attention to the differences in the medical service utilisation amongst different elderly groups and gradually reduce the medical inequality of the elderly.
Kosmotropic anion for improving cycling stability of aqueous lithium-ion batteries in salt-in-water electrolytes
Authors: Oh Hyunjeong , Shin Seung-Jae , Yamagishi Hirona , Ohta Toshiaki , Yabuuchi Naoaki , Kim Hyungjun , Byon Hye Ryung 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The incompatibility between Li+-intercalated electrodes and water limits the practical feasibility of aqueous lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which are economical and environmentally benign energy storage systems. Tremendous amounts of salts dissolved in water (water-in-salt) have been utilized to mitigate the access of water to the electrode/electrolyte interface and to extend the electrochemical potential window of aqueous LIBs. However, this approach has low viability owing to the expense of the salts. Here, we show that kosmotropic anions with moderate concentrations (0.5 ~ 3 mol kg− 1) protect the LiCoO2 electrode by harnessing water molecules. The sulfates of kosmotropic anions develop rigid water-solvation shells and also form ion pairs with Li+. All-atomic-level multiscale simulation revealed that sulfates tied with Li+ and the water shell are highly concentrated at the interface, thus decreasing the density of free water. The suppressed water activity explains the superior cell performance achieved with 0.5 mol kg− 1 sulfate relative to that in cells with 1 mol kg− 1 of chaotropic anions such as nitrate, perchlorate, and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. The formation of a liquid-phase protective layer is a new concept for developing stable aqueous batteries without the requirement for a solid-state electrolyte or an artificial protective layer on the electrode.
Comparing Dual-zone Immediate Implant Placement and Socket-shield Technique for Ridge Width Changes in Maxilla: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shadid Rola 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The socket-shield technique still requires more scientific based evidence to be recommended as everyday clinical practice, the aim of this prospective cohort study was to assess the facial-palatal ridge dimensional changes that occurred after a minimum of 8 months following flapless dual-zone (DZ) immediate implant placement and socket-shield (SS) immediate placement in the maxilla.Methods: A total of 19 patients who received 20 implants were included with 10 implants (MegaGen AnyRidge) were placed for each treatment, DZ and SS. Cast models were made at least 8 months after implant placement to assess the dimensional ridge changes by measuring the facial palatal ridge width on implant sites (T) at six designated points starting from gingival margin (0, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7) and comparing it with the corresponding measurement on contralateral tooth site (C). Results: All 20 placed implants demonstrated successful osseointegration and survived 9-24 months following implantation (survival rate 100%). Two out of ten cases of SS group presented with minor manageable complications of external shield exposure. DZ group showed an average facial-palatal reduction of nearly 0.3 mm; however, there were no significant differences between T and C (P =.47), while SS group revealed a mean gain in ridge contour of approximately 0.2 mm with also no significant differences existed between T and C (P = .64) in the 8-months follow-up. When comparing between the two treatments, there were significant differences in ridge width changes (P < .05), indicating better preservation of the ridge contour at 8-months for SS treatment.Conclusion: The socket shield immediate implant placement produced better preservation of the ridge contour at 8-months post-extraction; however, the dual-zone technique yielded non clinically significant reduction in the ridge contour at the same follow-up.
The neuro-inflammasome in Alzheimer’s disease and cerebral Stroke
Authors: LEE JONG HOON , Lee Chul Joong , Park Jungwuk , Lee So Jeong , Choi Su-hee 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aim/Background: This Review investigated a patient with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treated with 4,4’-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) as a neuro-inflammasome competitor.Methods: We monitored AD’s progression through Numeric Clinical staging (NCS) with a new biomarker. NCS was determined by the AD symptoms and neuropsychiatric (NP) symptoms caused by anti-AD drugs (AAD) as a biomarker (D). We also monitored the function of DDS for Stroke in a no-intake emergency state.Results: By introducing (D), AD's progression was monitored through NCS staging; AAD side effects and neuropsychiatric symptoms were distinguished. DDS was stopped in the Stroke with NCS 6 by AAD, and it rapidly proceeds to cerebral infarct.Conclusions: AADs can occasionally exacerbate AD and Stroke. DDS can alleviate mild cognitive impairment (MCI), early AD and Stroke. We clinically confirmed the role of DDS as a neuro-inflammasome competitor after Stroke. DDS keep neuronal survivals within 24 - 55 hours in the Seoul cohort.