bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical Investigation of Composite Structure in Comparison of RCC Structure
Authors: Laddha Vrunda R , Siddh Sharda P , Hiwas Prashant D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
High rise structures becoming very common everywhere due to scarcity of land and increasing population. Though we have RCC structure system as high-rise buildings, but in RCC buildings due to bulky size of the components of the structure self-weight will be more due to the heavy density of materials. By observing the difficulties and challenges in the field of high-rise structures engineers are using efficient structural system that is Steel Concrete Composite Structure. Composite structure consists composite deck slab, composite beam and composite column. Composite Structure complies of Concrete which is good in compression and structural steel which good in tension and composition of these material makes structure better in ductility which comparatively on higher side than RCC structure. Here G+7 high rise structure is considered for analysis by ETABS software. This paper involves Analysis of Commercial building by Equivalent static method on Composite structure and RCC structure with same plan of building and same design data. The structure is in earthquake zone III and wind speed 44m/s. Analytical comparisons of both Composite and RCC frame based on structural parameters are made with help of graphs and tables. By comparing the results, we found that Steel-Concrete Composite Structures are more desirable than RCC structures.
Review on “Comparative study of flat slab structure and conventional slab structure”
Authors: Borkar Shital , Dabhekar Kuldeep , Khedikar Isha , Vaidya Nalini 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
For the drawing engineers, selection of the type of the structure for a specific purpose is very important, as multistory buildings are becoming necessary, as construction for living style with increases in requirement of space. The lack of space is forcing us to raise the height of structures possible to unbend maximum number of people. This paper aims to effort on seismic response of unappetizing slab RCC structure for the various height and plan, moreover aims to compare policies of unappetizing slab towers with old conventional 2-way slab system for different zones like zone II, zone III, zone IV, zone V in respect with maximum BM, story shear, base shear, and story drift, by the help of analysis soft wares like ETABS.
Performance Parameter Analysis of Magnesia Based Cement Products – A Review
Authors: Supriya J , Raut Ashwin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Magnesium oxide (MgO) based cements finds its way active in current researches where diverse range of applications and characteristics such as production process, reactivity and physical properties are essentially focus with the perception of individual expansion objectives. In general, relativity between distinctive MgO characteristics is examined in conjunction with the impact of MgO embodiment on the resources of cementitious materials is further considered. MgO is a key to develop the construction industry thereby mechanical strength and durability performance of cement paste, adhesive and concrete composites impose of MgO needs to be explored. Subsequently, this research paper explicitly defines the investigation of MgO cement composites in terms of compressive and flexural behavior, toughness, tensile and durability performances, flexibility, water susceptibility, porosity, carbonation, chloride ion diffusion, shrinkage and degree of hydration. In this regard, to application of magnesia-based cement products is influenced by various factors such as raw material, composition, performance. The review provides a detailed information of current research available related to magnesia-based cement products based on its properties.
Influence of Palm Oil Fuel Ash on Strength Properties of Concrete
Authors: Panchal Jai Narendra , Challagulla S.P. , Siva Kishore I. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cement which is highly responsible for hydration enthalpy and also the cost of cement which makes it uneconomical. The only way to deal with this kind of challenge is by introducing different products to replace certain amount of cement. An environmental friendly waste product produced from agricultural industries known as POFA (Palm-oil-fuel-ash) can be replaced with certain percentage of cement replacement in concrete and still attain similar strength such as conventional concrete. This paper intention is to focus changes on mechanical, strength properties of M30 grade concrete by using (POFA) palm-oil-fuel-ash. It is very much efficient in reducing cement expenses and also enhances the strength when engineered in technical aspects. When this agro waste palm oil ash is added, very less quantity of co2 emission takes place with reduction in liberation of heat from concrete. With the incorporation of palm oil fuel ash in various incremental order of (0, 10, 20, 30, 40) % replacement by cement in concrete, certain amount of change in behavior in concrete strength parameters namely compression strength, split tensile strength, and flexure strength is noted. M30 grade of concrete is considered while performing tests and analyzing, it shows that 10% replacement of cement by palm oil ash (POFA) gave high strength compared to conventional concrete. All the results generated are compared against control mix which gave an impression of improvement in (mechanical, strength) parameters of concrete in a positive way which helps balance the environment and also achieve sustainability of the concrete.
An Overview of Eco-Friendly Alternatives as the Replacement of Cement in Concrete
Authors: Afrin Habiba , Huda Nazmul , Abbasi Rouzbeh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Due to the global urbanization, economic development, and increasing rate of the world’s population, the construction of new buildings and infrastructure is increasing. The manufacture of concrete has become an essential part of our life all over the world. Emitting 5-8% of carbon dioxide (CO2), the production of concrete becomes the main obstacle to reach global climate action under the Paris 2050 Agreement. Reuse of waste or recycled waste materials in concrete as an environmentally friendly construction material has become highlighted as a feature of achieving sustainability, because of its potential environmental and economic benefits. The focus of this paper is to assess the application of alternative eco- friendly substitutes of cement for an innovative, economically attractive, and environmentally friendly alternative, and the transition towards of circular economy by reducing the number of natural resources consumed. Based on the existing studies, waste material (fly ash, bottom ash, coal ash, tire, steel slag, construction and demolition waste, glass, ceramic) incorporated with concrete accepted performance in the environment and economic perspective by reducing energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, costs, and other indicators.
Performance of Eco Engineered Cementitious Composites Containing Supplementary Cementitious Materials as a Binder and Recycled Concrete Fines as Fine Aggregate
Authors: Md Zain M R , Oh C L , Wee L S 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEngineered cementitious composites (ECC) mixtures demand a large cement content, which is detrimental to their sustainable development because mass cement production is hazardous to the environment and human health. Thus, this paper investigates the mechanical performance of eco engineered cementitious composites (ECC) under axial compressive loading and direct tensile strength tests. The eco ECC used in this investigation was comprised of cement, superplasticizer, fly ash (FA) or ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), polypropylene (PP) fibre, water and recycled concrete fines (RCF). Two (2) eco ECC mixture series were designed and prepared. GGBS70 (70 percent GGBS + 30 percent cement), FA70 (70 percent Fly Ash + 30 percent cement), GGBS80 (80 percent GGBS + 20 percent cement), and FA80 (80 percent Fly Ash + 20 percent cement) are the four Cement-GGBS and Cement-Fly Ash combinations examined in this study. Also every combination had two different RCF percentages, R0.2 (0.2 percent RCF) and R0.4 (0.4 percent RCF). The main objective of this research is to determine the optimum mix design for eco ECC that contains supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) such as GGBS or FA. Additionally, recycled concrete fines (RCF) were used as a substitute for sand. The influence of different cement replacement materials and RCF content on compressive and tensile strength was experimentally investigated. The inclusion of GGBS as a partial replacement of cement in the eco concrete mixture results in greater compressive strength than Fly Ash (FA). The test results revealed that increasing the RCF content in the ECC mixture resulted in higher compressive and tensile strength. When the sand to binder ratio was adjusted between 0.2 and 0.4, the compressive and tensile strength of the ECC mixture increased.
Strength of Modified Foam Concrete-Filled Hollow Section Using Fly Ash as Sand Replacement
Authors: Murad Nurul ‘Adilah Anati , Rahman Norashidah Abd , Firdaus Ahmad Hazim Ahmad , Khairuddin Siti Amirah Azra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHollow sections for columns, beams and trusses have been used in the steel construction industry for a decade. Concrete-filled hollow section (CFHS) has been widely used due to its aesthetic efficiency and to improve the load-carrying capacity. However, the use of normal concrete as infilled in steel hollow section has increased the dead load of structures. A modified foam concrete filled hollow section using fly ash as sand replacement (FCFHS-FA) is proposed to reduce the structure’s dead weight. This study aims to determine the strength performance of FCFHS-FA structure by using two types of steel hollow section thickness and compare the strength between FCFHS and FCFHS-FA. Steel, preformed foam, and fly ash were used to increase the strength. Nine specimens were prepared and a compression test was conducted. The strength index was calculated to compare the strength of FCFHS with FCFHS-FA. Result shows that FCFHS-FA has a similar strength index compared with FCFHS.
Talent as a Spearhead of Construction 4.0 Transformation: Analysis of Their Challenges
Authors: Lau Santi Edra Nisa , Aminudin Eeydzah , Zakaria Rozana , Saar Chai Chang , Roslan Ahmad Farhan , Hamid Zuhairi Abd , Zain Maria Zura Mohd , Maaz Zafira Nadia , Ahamad Abdul Hadi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Global industries are investing in technology to accelerate digital transformation. Construction is also most likely to be digitalised based on current technology trends. However, technology adoption is not the only ingredient to successfully transform the construction industry towards the fourth industrial revolution (4IR). This transformation requires additional changes for the employees. It is expected to significantly impact the talent landscape, ranging from job categories to skill sets. While this transformation holds excellent benefits, it also poses many challenges. This paper discusses the challenges that individuals, construction companies and governments face from a talent perspective. The data is obtained from literature review results and content analysis through focus group discussion. A focus group discussion was conducted among experts with high knowledge in both the construction industry and 4IR. Information obtained from the discussion was used to identify and categorise the determining challenges. The study revealed nine (9) major talent challenges that the construction industry is currently facing, such as inadequate high skilled talent, lack of education and training to widen talent readiness, talent job security, lack of awareness or clarity of 4IR, dependency on outside talent, employer’s readiness, negative attitude of future talent towards changes, the potential of emigration of highly trained or qualified talent, and strong resistance towards new changes and technologies. 4IR can be implemented effectively in the Malaysian construction industry if key challenges that hold the talent are overcome. In conclusion, an active role from quadruple helix collaboration positively assist the transformation.
Soil Stabilization using Polypropylene Clamshell Food Containers
Authors: Salwi N A C M , Hamzah N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Soil stabilization is the method of improving the physical properties of soil, such as shear strength and bearing capacity of the soil, by using controlled compaction or the addition of admixtures to produce an improved soil material that has all the desired engineering properties. The new technique of soil stabilization uses plastic waste as an alternative material is of outmost crucial since plastic wastes are non-biodegradable and remain intact after being buried in soil for many years. The present study is focused on investigating the effectiveness of utilizing polypropylene clamshell food containers as soil stabilizers. The physical properties of the untreated clayey soil are determined by conducting moisture content, specific gravity, particle size distribution, and the Atterberg limit test. Also, the Standard Proctor compaction test, as well as the unconfined compressive strength test, are carried out to determine the compaction and strength parameters of the soil sample before and after reinforcing with different percentages of polypropylene clamshell food container strips such as 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.2%. Findings from this study indicate that the addition of polypropylene clamshell food container strips in the clayey soil is capable of becoming a soil stabilizer agent as the optimum compressive strength of the soil was achieved with replacement of 0.8% of plastic strips, along with increasing the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) while decreasing the Maximum Dry Density (MDD). Successful implementation of polypropylene plastic in soil stabilization can help minimize the volume of plastic waste in the environment, which then leads to developing a sustainable future by utilizing recyclable material as alternative sources in the geotechnical field.
Systemic consequences of disorder in magnetically self-organized topological MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)
n
superlattices
Authors: Sitnicka Joanna , Park Kyungwha , Skupiński Paweł , Grasza Krzysztof , Reszka Anna , Sobczak Kamil , Borysiuk Jolanta , Adamus Zbigniew , Tokarczyk Mateusz , Avdonin Andrei , Fedorchenko Irina , Abaloszewa Irina , Turczyniak-Surdacka Sylwia , Olszowska Natalia , Kołodziej Jacek , Kowalski Bogdan J , Deng Haiming , Konczykowski Marcin , Krusin-Elbaum Lia , Wołoś Agnieszka 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)
n
materials system has recently generated strong interest as a natural platform for the realization of the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) state. The system is magnetically much better ordered than substitutionally doped materials, however, the detrimental effects of certain disorders are becoming increasingly acknowledged. Here, from compiling structural, compositional, and magnetic metrics of disorder in ferromagnetic (FM) MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)
n
it is found that migration of Mn between MnBi2Te4 septuple layers (SLs) and otherwise non-magnetic Bi2Te3 quintuple layers (QLs) has systemic consequences—it induces FM coupling of Mn-depleted SLs with Mn-doped QLs, seen in ferromagnetic resonance as an acoustic and optical resonance mode of the two coupled spin subsystems. Even for a large SL separation (n

≳

4 QLs) the structure cannot be considered as a stack of uncoupled two-dimensional layers. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory studies show that Mn disorder within an SL causes delocalization of electron wave functions and a change of the surface band structure as compared to the ideal MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)
n
. These findings highlight the critical importance of inter- and intra-SL disorder towards achieving new QAH platforms as well as exploring novel axion physics in intrinsic topological magnets.
Development of an irradiation method for superficial tumours using a hydrogel bolus in an accelerator-based BNCT
Authors: Sasaki Akinori , Tanaka Hiroki , Takata Takushi , Tamari Yuki , Watanabe Tsubasa , Hu Naonori , Kawabata Shinji , Kudo Yoshihiro , Mitsumoto Toshinori , Sakurai Yoshinori , Suzuki Minoru 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study is the development of an irradiation method for the treatment of superficial tumours using a hydrogel bolus to produce thermal neutrons in accelerator-based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT).
To evaluate the neutron moderating ability of a hydrogel bolus, a water phantom with a hydrogel bolus was irradiated with an epithermal neutron beam from a cyclotron-based epithermal neutron source. Phantom simulating irradiation to the plantar position was manufactured using three-dimensional printing technology to perform an irradiation test of a hydrogel bolus. Thermal neutron fluxes on the surface of a phantom were evaluated and the results were compared with the Monte Carlo-based Simulation Environment for Radiotherapy Applications (SERA) treatment planning software. It was confirmed that a hydrogel bolus had the same neutron moderating ability as water, and the calculation results from SERA aligned with the measured values within approximately 5%. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the thermal neutron flux decreased at the edge of the irradiation field. It was possible to uniformly irradiate thermal neutrons by increasing the bolus thickness at the edge of the irradiation field, thereby successfully determining uniform dose distribution. An irradiation method for superficial tumours using a hydrogel bolus in the accelerator-based BNCT was established.
1d3v PIC/MCC simulation of dielectric barrier discharge dynamics in hydrogen sulfide
Authors: ZHANG Jing , YE Shurong , LIU Tianxu , SUN Anbang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, we computationally examined the dynamics of dielectric barrier discharge in hydrogen sulfide. The simulations were performed with a 1d3v particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model in which a parallel-plate electrode geometry with dielectrics was used. Particle recombination process is represented in the model. The discharge mode was found to be initially Townsend discharge developing from the cathode to the anode, and at the peak of the current, a more stable glow discharge develops from the anode to the cathode. A higher applied voltage results in sufficient secondary electrons to trigger a second current peak, and then the current amplitude increases. As the frequency is increased, it leads to the advance of the phase and an increase in the amplitude of the current peak. A higher dielectric permittivity also makes the discharge occur earlier and more violently in the gap.
Novel ternary metal oxide nanoparticles (La2Cu0.8Zn0.2O4) as a potential photocatalyst for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and desulfurization of dibenzothiophene
Authors: Barmala Molood , Behnood Mohammad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work we present the preparation of novel ternary metal oxide nanoparticles, La2Cu0.8Zn0.2O4 (LCZO), using a simple co-precipitation method. The crystalline structure, morphology and composition of the prepared LCZO nanoparticles were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis. The diffuse reflectance spectrum investigation showed that LCZO nanoparticles have considerable light absorption in the visible light region. Also, the LCZO nanoparticles possess a band-gap energy of 2.82 eV. To investigate the visible light photocatalytic potential of the prepared LCZO nanoparticles, two photocatalytic reactions were conducted, namely degradation of methylene blue (MB) solution and desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT). In the presence of a 3:1 molar ratio of H2O2/DBT, a high photocatalytic desulfurization rate of DBT (93.7%) was obtained over 0.2 g of LCZO photocatalyst. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation rate of MB solution was 91.4%. The mechanisms of both photocatalytic reactions were studied using different radical scavenging agents, which showed that hydroxyl radicals are responsible for highly efficient desulfurization and degradation reactions. Moreover, reusability experiments reveal that the prepared LCZO photocatalyst has great stability and recyclability for both desulfurization of DBT and degradation of MB after six reaction cycles.
Chronic predation risk affects prey escape abilities through behavioral and physiological changes
Authors: Jermacz Łukasz , Kletkiewicz Hanna , Poznańska-Kakareko Małgorzata , Klimiuk Maciej , Kobak Jarosław 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the options to reduce predation risk is reallocation of energy into locomotion system. The higher aerobic capacity, the more energy can be partitioned into an escape. Thus, increase in aerobic capacity can increase prey escape abilities. We investigated prey (freshwater crustaceans: Dikerogammarus villosus and Gammarus jazdzewskii) ability to improve their locomotor performance through an increase in aerobic capacity under chronic predation risk. We forced gammarids (pre-exposed to the predation cue or control) to long-distance swimming in the presence or absence of predation cues to obtain: control (pre-exposure and test in control conditions), acute (pre-exposure to control conditions, test in the presence of the predation cue) and chronic (pre-exposure and test in the presence of the cue) risk treatments. After this forced swimming effort, we measured various swimming parameters, glycogen content, and lactate concentration of the experimental amphipods. Exposure to predation cues made G. jazdzewskii reduce its speed after prolonged forced swimming in the presence of predation cues, whereas D. villosus never changed its swimming performance due to predation risk. In both species, post-effort lactate concentration was higher under the acute predation risk than in risk-free conditions. However, only D. villosus demonstrated lower lactate concentration when exposed to chronic vs. acute predation risk. Moreover, pre-exposure of both species to predation cues caused reduction in glycogen content. We showed that under chronic predation risk some prey species can modify their physiology to increase aerobic capacity and sustain high efficiency of escape performance. However, this phenomenon is species-specific and costly.