bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LINC01291 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development by targeting the miR‐186‐5p/OXSR1 axis
Authors: Chu Jian , Geng Guangyong , Ai Xiaoming , Jia Wenbo , Wang Jinyi , Xu Bin , Kong Xiangxu , Kong Lianbao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs play an important role in tumorigenesis. LINC01291 has been confirmed to be involved in the proliferation and migration of different cancers, although the function of LINC01291 in HCC is still unknown.MethodsFirst, the expression of LINC01291 in 50 paired HCC tissues, adjacent normal tissues and HCC cell lines was measured by a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Then, the function of LINC01291 in HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion was measured by colony formation, Cell Counting Kit‐8 assays, wound healing assays and transwell assays. In addition, E‐cadherin, N‐cadherin, vimentin and oxidative stress‐responsive 1 (OXSR1) protein expression levels were assessed via western blotting. Luciferase reporter assays were used to confirm the relationship between LINC01291 and miR‐186‐5p, as well as miR‐186‐5p and OXSR1 mRNA. Rescue assays and in vivo experiments further confirmed the LINC01291/miR‐186‐5p/OXSR1 axis in the progression of HCC.ResultsLINC01291 was upregulated in both HCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of LINC01291 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial–mesenchymal progression (EMT) of HCC cells. In addition, LINC01291 could overexpress OXSR1 by sponging miR‐186‐5p, and OXSR1 overexpression or miR‐186‐5p inhibition could rescue the effect of LINC01291 knockdown in YY‐8103 cell lines. In addition, lentiviral sh‐LINC01291 could effectively inhibit the growth of subcutaneous YY‐8103 xenograft tumors, whereas the anticancer effect could be reversed by cotransfection with in‐miR‐186‐5p or ov‐OXSR1.ConclusionsLINC01291 can promote the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of HCC cells via the miR‐186‐5p/OXSR1 axis, and sh‐LINC01291 can inhibit tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model.
North Atlantic air pressure and temperature conditions associated with heavy rainfall in Great Britain
Authors: Barnes Andrew Paul , Svensson Cecilia , Kjeldsen Thomas Rodding 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSevere flooding in the United Kingdom is often linked to the occurrence of heavy rainfall events, which can be characterized by the synoptic scale meteorological conditions over the North Atlantic region. Seasonal heavy rainfall events (summer and winter 1‐day maxima) were extracted from 125 locations across Great Britain over the period 1950–2017. For each event, anomaly sea‐level pressure and 2 m air temperature conditions across the North Atlantic sector were extracted. In contrast to earlier studies, these two datasets were combined and clustered to identify how the pressure and temperature conditions co‐vary within each half‐year to produce heavy rainfall events. Distinctly different spatial patterns were found for four classes in summer and for three classes in winter. For all classes there is a negative sea‐level pressure anomaly centred over or near the British Isles. However, whereas in summer the low pressures are associated with either predominantly cold or warm anomalies over most of the North Atlantic, in winter two phases of a smaller‐scale four‐pole temperature pattern emerges. Nevertheless, for one of the winter classes the cold anomaly over the northwest Atlantic is so deep, persistent and widespread that, unusually for the winter season, a significant relationship between the class's frequency of occurrence and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) index is found (r = −.39). Further, for both seasons heavy rainfall occurs when the AMO and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are in opposing phases. Particularly, positive NAO and negative AMO result in heavy rainfall in western Britain. Two classes in each season are consistent with positive and negative phases of the NAO, and the two non‐NAO summer classes are associated with a northward extension of the subtropical high pressure and heavy rainfall in the southeast. The association between heavy rainfall and large‐scale circulation and temperature drivers can find application in, for example, weather generators.
A quantitative measurement of trapeziometacarpal joint pressure using a cadaveric model of lateral pinch
Authors: Hwang Ji Sup , Li Qingyuan , Kim Jihyeung 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTrapeziectomy is performed for trapeziometacarpal (TMC) arthritis but decreased lateral pinch strength is a major source of discomfort after the surgery. The magnitude of the decrease is unclear, however, and how the pressure changes in the TMC joint is unknown. To investigate this relationship, we designed a cadaveric study to measure TMC joint pressure using a lateral pinch model, and quantitatively evaluated the effect of trapeziectomy on the pressure measurements. For 10 cadaveric forearms, physiologic forces were applied across the thumb TMC joint by loading five tendons, thereby simulating lateral pinch. Using pressure sensors, we measured the lateral pinch pressure and TMC joint pressure, which averaged 10.1 (range, 4.2–16.2) kg/cm2 and 2.0 (range, 0.8–4.4) kg/cm2, respectively. A significant correlation between the measurements was found, with an average ratio of 19% (range, 10%–27%). After trapeziectomy and interposition of the tendon ball using flexor carpi radialis, the pressure measurements were repeated under the same conditions. Significant changes were found, which averaged 5.1 (range, 1.7–10.7) kg/cm2 for lateral pinch pressure and 15.0 (range, 5.6–25.6) kg/cm2 for TMC joint pressure. In conclusion, TMC joint pressure could be measured as the ratio relative to lateral pinch pressure using a cadaveric model. After trapeziectomy, the lateral pinch strength decreased, whereas the TMC joint pressure increased.
The Impact of Upper Lateral Cartilage Release on Patient‐Perceived Nasal Appearance and Obstruction
Authors: Weitzman Rachel E. , Gadkaree Shekhar K. , Justicz Natalie S. , Lindsay Robin W. 
Published: October 2021

Objectives/HypothesisAlthough upper lateral cartilages are commonly released from the dorsum of the septum during spreader graft placement in septorhinoplasty (SRP), there has been a focus on maintaining integrity of connections in the middle vault. Avoiding release of upper lateral cartilages in certain patient groups may represent an early step in this paradigm shift. We aim to assess satisfaction with nasal appearance and correction of nasal obstruction in patients who underwent SRP with spreader graft placement without upper lateral cartilage release and compared it to the traditional upper lateral cartilage release cohort.Study DesignProspective cohort study.MethodsA total of 559 patients who underwent SRP with spreader graft placement with upper lateral cartilage release and 30 patients who underwent SRP with spreader graft placement without release between 2012 and 2020 were administered the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE), FACE‐Q Satisfaction with Nose, and FACE‐Q Social Functioning scales pre‐ and postoperatively. Pre‐ and postoperative NOSE FACE‐Q, and negative inspiratory force (NIF) scores and changes were compared between groups.ResultsResults demonstrated clinically and statistically significant improvement at follow‐up for both groups. There was no significant difference between groups in mean improvement of NOSE, FACE‐Q, and NIF scores at time of last follow‐up.ConclusionSRP with spreader graft placement with and without upper lateral cartilage release provide clinically and statistically significant improvement, and no significant difference in functional outcome. This suggests that upper lateral cartilages do not need to be released to achieve functional improvement and that surgeons should consider whether release is necessary to achieve goals of surgery.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1189–1195, 2022
State of the Science in Tracheal Stents: A Scoping Review
Authors: Johnson Christopher M. , Luke Alex S. , Jacobsen Christian , Novak Nicholas , Dion Gregory R. 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveRecent material science advancements are driving tracheal stent innovation. We sought to assess the state of the science regarding materials and preclinical/clinical outcomes for tracheal stents in adults with benign tracheal disease.MethodsA comprehensive literature search in April 2021 identified 556 articles related to tracheal stents. One‐hundred and twenty‐eight full‐text articles were reviewed and 58 were included in the final analysis. Datapoints examined were stent materials, clinical applications and outcomes, and preclinical findings, including emerging technologies.ResultsIn the 58 included studies, stent materials were metals (n = 28), polymers (n = 19), coated stents (n = 19), and drug‐eluting (n = 5). Metals included nitinol, steel, magnesium alloys, and elgiloy. Studies utilized 10 different polymers, the most popular included polydioxanone, poly‐l‐lactic acid, poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide), and polycaprolactone. Coated stents employed a metal or polymer framework and were coated with polyurethane, silicone, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyester, with some polymer coatings designed specifically for drug elution. Drug‐eluting stents utilized mitomycin C, arsenic trioxide, paclitaxel, rapamycin, and doxycycline. Of the 58 studies, 18 were human and 40 were animal studies (leporine = 21, canine = 9, swine = 4, rat = 3, ovine/feline/murine = 1). Noted complications included granulation tissue and/or stenosis, stent migration, death, infection, and fragmentation.ConclusionAn increasing diversity of materials and coatings are employed for tracheal stents, growing more pronounced over the past decade. Though most studies are still preclinical, awareness of tracheal stent developments is important in contextualizing novel stent concepts and clinical trials.Laryngoscope, 132:2111–2123, 2022
The crevice corrosion behavior of N80 carbon steel in acidic NaCl solution: The effect of O2
Authors: Li Yizhou , Mu Jie , Cui Zhongyu , Wang Xin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe effect of O2 on crevice corrosion of N80 carbon steel in acidic NaCl solution is investigated. Crevice corrosion of N80 carbon steel could be initiated with or without O2 in acidic NaCl solution. A deep corrosion groove could be formed near the crevice mouth after crevice corrosion. The crevice corrosion of N80 carbon steel is ascribed to the increased pH inside the crevice in acidic NaCl solution. The presence of O2 in the solution could enhance the cathodic reaction processes outside the crevice, but it is not significant for the cathodic reaction processes inside the crevice. The galvanic corrosion effect between inner and outer steels could be enhanced by O2 and then promote crevice corrosion.
Electrostatic Spinning based on Aqueous Polyurethane Block‐Modified Polycaprolactone and Its Hydrophilicity Study
Authors: Wang Faqiang , Wang Xueting , Xi Yanni , Liu Kexin , Li Zhanxiong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, waterborne polyurethane hydrophilic block copolymer PCL‐b‐WPU is obtained through step‐growth addition polymerization reaction to improve the hydrophilicity of polycaprolactone (PCL). Then, films are prepared via solution casting method and electrospinning. PCL‐b‐WPU nanofibrous membranes have a higher initial water contact angle of 106°, but they can be completely wetted from the surface to the back within 120 s, with good wet absorption and quick‐drying performance. Hollow fibers are fabricated via coaxial electrospinning by controlling the process parameters. PCL‐b‐WPU is used as shell material and polyoxyethylene as the core. Low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance technology is used to analyze the moisture distribution and the state of water within solid, porous, and porous hollow fibers. Their bound water is 14.5%, 27.5%, and 31.1%, respectively. These results suggest that the introduction of the WPU chain and the construction of a rough surface significantly improve the hydrophilicity of PCL. PCL‐b‐WPU membranes are expected to be further developed and utilized for moisture‐absorbing and quick‐drying textiles, wound dressings, and biological scaffolds.
Integrating multiple MRI sequences for pelvic organs segmentation via the attention mechanism
Authors: Huang Sijuan , Cheng Zesen , Lai Lijuan , Zheng Wanjia , He Mengxue , Li Junyun , Zeng Tianyu , Huang Xiaoyan , Yang Xin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeTo create a network which fully utilizes multi‐sequence MRI and compares favorably with manual human contouring.MethodsWe retrospectively collected 89 MRI studies of the pelvic cavity from patients with prostate cancer and cervical cancer. The dataset contained 89 samples from 87 patients with a total of 84 valid samples. MRI was performed with T1‐weighted (T1), T2‐weighted (T2), and Enhanced Dixon T1‐weighted (T1DIXONC) sequences. There were two cohorts. The training cohort contained 55 samples and the testing cohort contained 29 samples. The MRI images in the training cohort contained contouring data from radiotherapist α. The MRI images in the testing cohort contained contouring data from radiotherapist α and contouring data from another radiotherapist: radiotherapist β. The training cohort was used to optimize the convolution neural networks, which included the attention mechanism through the proposed activation module and the blended module into multiple MRI sequences, to perform autodelineation. The testing cohort was used to assess the networks’ autodelineation performance. The contoured organs at risk (OAR) were the anal canal, bladder, rectum, femoral head (L), and femoral head (R).ResultsWe compared our proposed network with UNet and FuseUNet using our dataset. When T1 was the main sequence, we input three sequences to segment five organs and evaluated the results using four metrics: the DSC (Dice similarity coefficient), the JSC (Jaccard similarity coefficient), the ASD (average mean distance), and the 95% HD (robust Hausdorff distance). The proposed network achieved improved results compared with the baselines among all metrics. The DSC were 0.834±0.029, 0.818±0.037, and 0.808±0.050 for our proposed network, FuseUNet, and UNet, respectively. The 95% HD were 7.256±2.748 mm, 8.404±3.297 mm, and 8.951±4.798 mm for our proposed network, FuseUNet, and UNet, respectively. Our proposed network also had superior performance on the JSC and ASD coefficients.ConclusionOur proposed activation module and blended module significantly improved the performance of FuseUNet for multi‐sequence MRI segmentation. Our proposed network integrated multiple MRI sequences efficiently and autosegmented OAR rapidly and accurately. We also discovered that three‐sequence fusion (T1‐T1DIXONC‐T2) was superior to two‐sequence fusion (T1‐T2 and T1‐T1DIXONC, respectively). We infer that the more MRI sequences fused, the better the automatic segmentation results.
Compensating for beam modulation due to microscopic lung heterogeneities in carbon ion therapy treatment planning
Authors: Paz Athena Evalour Simbahon , Baumann Kilian‐Simon , Weber Uli Andreas , Witt Matthias , Zink Klemens , Durante Marco , Graeff Christian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurpose: To predict and mitigate for the degradation in physical and biologically effective dose distributions of particle beams caused by microscopic heterogeneities in lung tissue.Materials and Methods: The TRiP98 treatment planning system was adapted to account for the beam‐modulating effect of heterogeneous lung tissue in physical and biological inverse treatment planning. The implementation employs an analytical model that derives the degradation from the established “modulation power” parameter and the total water‐equivalent thickness of lung parenchyma traversed by the beam. Beam modulation was reproduced through an on‐the‐fly convolution of the reference Bragg curve with Gaussian kernels depending on the modulation power of lung tissue (upstream). For biological doses, the degradation was determined by modulating dose‐averaged , , and LET distributions. Carbon SOBP measurements behind lung substitute material were performed to validate the code. The implementation was then applied to a phantom and patient case.Results: Experimental results show the passage through a 20‐cm Gammex LN300 slab led to a decrease in target coverage and broadening of the SOBP distal fall‐off. However, dose coverage was regained through optimization. A good agreement between calculated and measured SOBPs was also found. In addition, a patient case study revealed a 3.2% decrease in D from degradation ( = 450 m), which was reduced to a 0.4% difference after optimization. Furthermore, widening of the RBE distribution beyond the target distal edge was observed. This implies an increased degradation in the biological dose, which could be harmful to healthy tissues distal to the target.Conclusions: This is the first implementation capable of compensating for lung dose perturbations, which is more effective than margin extensions. A larger patient study is needed to examine the observed modulation in the RBE distribution and judge the clinical relevance also in IMPT, where margins might prove insufficient to recover target coverage.
Planning CT‐guided robust and fast cone‐beam CT scatter correction using a local filtration technique
Authors: Cui Hehe , Jiang Xiao , Fang Chengyijue , Zhu Lei , Yang Yidong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeCone‐beam CT (CBCT) has been widely utilized in image‐guided radiotherapy. Planning CT (pCT)‐aided CBCT scatter correction could further enhance image quality and extend CBCT application to dose calculation and adaptive planning. Nevertheless, existing pCT‐based approaches demand accurate registration between pCT and CBCT, leading to limited imaging performance and increased computational cost when large anatomical discrepancies exist. In this work, we proposed a robust and fast CBCT scatter correction method using local filtration technique and rigid registration between pCT and CBCT (LF‐RR).MethodsFirst of all, the pCT was rigidly registered with CBCT, then forward projection was performed on registered pCT to create scatter‐free projections. The raw scatter signals were obtained via subtracting the scatter‐free projections from the measured CBCT projections. Based on frequency and intensity threshold criteria, reliable scatter signals were selected from the raw scatter signals, and further filtered for global scatter estimation via local filtration technique. Finally, corrected CBCT was reconstructed with the projections generated by subtracting the scatter estimation from the raw CBCT projections using FDK algorithm. The LF‐RR method was evaluated via comparison with another pCT‐based scatter correction method based on Median and Gaussian filters (MG method).ResultsProposed method was first validated on an anthropomorphic pelvis phantom, and showed satisfied performance on scatter removal even when anatomical mismatches were intentionally created on pCT. The quantitative analysis was further performed on four clinical CBCT images. Compared with the uncorrected CBCT, CBCT corrected by MG with rigid registration (MG‐RR), MG with deformable registration (MG‐DR), and LF‐RR reduced the CT number error from to , and HU for adipose and from to ,, 3 HU for muscle, respectively. After correction, the spatial non‐uniformity (SNU) of CBCT corrected with MG‐RR, MG‐DR and LF‐RR was ,, and HU for adipose, and ,, and HU for muscle, respectively. Meanwhile, the contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) between muscle and adipose was increased by a factor of 2.70, 2.89 and 2.56, respectively. Using the LF‐RR method, the scatter correction of 656 projections can be finished within 10 s and the corrected volumetric images (200 slices) can be obtained within 2 min.ConclusionWe developed a fast and robust pCT‐based CBCT scatter correction method which exploits the local‐filtration technique to promote the accuracy of scatter estimation and is resistant to pCT‐to‐CBCT registration uncertainties. Both phantom and patient studies showed the superiority of the proposed correction in imaging accuracy and computational efficiency, indicating promisingfuture clinical application.
An integrative review of the social determinants of mental health among older caregivers
Authors: Savela Roosa‐Maria , Schwab Ursula , Välimäki Tarja 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to examine the reported social determinants of mental health among older caregivers in the previous caregiving literature.DesignAn integrative literature review method of Whittemore and Knafl.MethodsCINAHL, MEDLINE (Ovid), PubMed, and Science Direct were searched from January 1999 to December 2019. A systematic approach and data analysis were used. The evidence of a multilevel framework by the World Health Organization was used to examine the social determinants of mental health.ResultsTwelve articles were included. “Levels of physical health” was mainly cited factor linked to mental health inequalities among older caregivers. However, the evidence regarding caregivers’ gender‐related, ethnic and socioeconomic differences in mental health was relatively limited.ConclusionFuture research and screening programs on social determinants of mental health among older caregivers are necessary to tackle mental health inequalities. Implications informed by this research could sustain mental health equity among older caregivers.
Polymer coatings on magnesium‐based implants for orthopedic applications
Authors: Zhu Yuwei , Liu Wei , Ngai To 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNowadays, the need for bio‐implants, which can gradually degrade after fulfilling the therapeutic tasks is continuously increasing. Under such situation, magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have been proposed and intensively studied as the new‐generation medical implants due to their favorable biodegradability and biocompatibility. However, their swift corrosion in physiological environments can always cause an early fracture and further the surgical failure, greatly hindering their broad applications. Therefore, great efforts have been made to alter the degradation behaviors of Mg‐based implants. Biodegradable polymeric surface coatings have been revealed to be a straightforward and effective strategy for retarding the fast degradation and improving the bioactivity of Mg and its alloys. This article reviews the recent progress of polymer‐based coatings on Mg substrates, regarding the coating strategies, coating properties, and their performance in corrosive protection and biocompatibility promotion via in vitro as well as some in vivo models. The specific pros and cons of different polymeric coatings are also discussed. Finally, we put forward some perspectives on the future direction of polymeric coatings on biomedical Mg‐based implants to better adapt to clinical trials.