bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIVORCE IN DUBAI OR PRETORIA – DOMICILE, JURISDICTION, APPLICABLE LAW, ANTI-SUIT INJUNCTION AV v WV [2017] ZAGPPHC 324 (case no 5881/17) (6 July 2017) (GDP)
Authors: Jan L Neels  
Published: September 2021

Many South Africans work and live in the United Arab Emirates, especially in Dubai, which is one of the seven emirates. The emirate of Abu Dhabi is the seat of the federal government and the emirate of Dubai is the commercial and financial centre of the country. Numbers of South Africans in Dubai alone run into the tens of thousands. South Africans often move there to avoid crime in their home country and are enticed by the generally higher salaries. Nevertheless, most South Africans do not intend to settle in the United Arab Emirates permanently. Conflicts of family and succession law may readily ensue. Private international law has the function to delineate and harmonise the roles of domestic legal systems in this regard.AV v WV ([2017] ZAGPPHC 324) is typical in this regard. The case deals with the intended divorce of two South African parties resident in Dubai. Husband and wife are citizens of the Republic of South Africa and their domicile of origin was South African. After an armed robbery, the parties moved to Dubai, where the husband found employment as a pilot. Approximately eight or nine years later, the wife initiated divorce proceedings in the Gauteng Division, Pretoria, of the High Court of South Africa. However, the husband instituted divorce proceedings in Dubai and contended that the Pretoria High Court did not have jurisdiction, as the parties were not domiciled in its area of jurisdiction. The wife petitioned the Pretoria High Court to interdict the husband from proceeding with the divorce in Dubai. PM Mabuse J came to the conclusion that the Pretoria High Court had jurisdiction in the divorce proceedings between the parties and issued an interdict against the respondent, the husband, to refrain from proceeding with the divorce action in Dubai. The case was marked as “not reportable” by the judge, being “not of interest to other judges”. However, it is suggested that the decision is of substantive social and legal interest and deserves a wide readership. The case discussed is the revised version, as reported on the Saflii website.
Két kötet a gyulafehérvári fejedelmi könyvtár környezetéből
Authors: Ősz Sándor Előd 
Published: September 2021

„Az a meggyőződésünk, hogy az erdélyi, magyarországi és szlovákiai gyűjtemények régi könyvanyagának tervszerű átvizsgálása annyit napfényre hozna mind a fejedelem, mind pedig a kollégium használatában volt kötetekből, amennyi lehetővé tenné a jelenleginél megalapozottabb vélemény alkotását egyrészt az eredeti gyűjtemény, másrészt a későbbi gyarapítások jellegéről.” Jakó Zsigmond fejtette ki e véleményét a Bethlen Gábor alapította gyulafehérvári fejedelmi és kollégiumi könyvtár történetét feltáró tanulmányának1 zárszavában.
Az elmúlt év szisztematikus kutatómunkája során két olyan kötetre bukkantunk, amelyek vélhetőleg a Bethlen- és Rákóczi-kori gyulafehérvári udvarban voltak, illetve annak könyves műveltségéről árulnak el adatokat.
Observations of PKKPab Diffraction Waves Well Beyond Cutoff Distance
Authors: Chen Yulin , Ni Sidao , Zhang Baolong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The core mantle boundary (CMB) features the most dramatic contrast in the physical properties within the Earth and plays a fundamental role in the understanding of the dynamic evolution of the Earth’s interior. Seismic core phases such as PKKP sample large area of the lowermost mantle and the uppermost core, thus providing valuable information of the velocity structures on both sides of the CMB. Diffraction Waves Well Beyond Cutoff Distance (PKKPab) is one branch of the triplicated PKKP that can be observed beyond its ray theoretical cutoff distance as a result of diffraction along the CMB. The travel time and slowness of the diffracted PKKPab (denoted as PKKPabdiff) can be used to constrain the P-wave velocities at the lowermost mantle, thus have been investigated in numerous studies. Previous results (Rost and Garnero, 2006) suggest that most of the observations of the PKKPabdiff waves are in the epicentral distance range of 95°–105° (minor arc convention) (PKKPabdiff diffraction length less than 10°). However, high-frequency (∼1 Hz) synthetic seismograms show that the PKKPabdiff waveforms could be observable at distance down to 65°, which indicates that the PKKPabdiff signals could be detected at distances less than 95° in observations. To explore the distance ranges in which PKKPabdiff is observable, we collected global three-component broadband waveforms from 246 events with source depth deeper than 100 km and magnitude above M 6 from 2007 to 2017 available at the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Data Management Center. We analyzed the slowness, polarization, and amplitude of the candidate PKKPabdiff signals, and found 95 events with clear PKKPabdiffsignals, with nearly 60% of the events show PKKPabdiff diffraction lengths greater than 10°, and the longest diffraction distance is beyond 20°. These newly identified PKKPabdiff waves would substantially augment the dataset of core phases for improvements of the CMB velocity models.
Noise Levels and Signals Observed on Submarine Fibers in the Canary Islands Using DAS
Authors: Ugalde Arantza , Becerril Carlos , Villaseñor Antonio , Ranero César R. , Fernández-Ruiz María R. , Martin-Lopez Sonia , González-Herráez Miguel , Martins Hugo F. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigate 70 days of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) recordings in the Canary Islands using an undersea fiber-optic telecommunication cable that links the islands of Tenerife and Gran Canaria. Two DAS interrogators connected to both ends of the cable turned the fiber into an array of 11,968 strain sensors covering a total length of ∼120 km. We present the details of the experiment, noise analysis, and examples of recorded signals. Seismic ambient noise levels assessment indicates poor local coupling of the cable due to the irregular bathymetry that results in high-amplitude acoustic oscillations in some channels. The DAS array recorded several types of nonseismic (vehicles, surface gravity waves, ships) and seismic signals. Local and regional earthquakes were detected with magnitudes mbLg≥2. Surface waves from teleseismic events at a distance of ∼3000 km were also identified in the strain recordings. Here, we report the first observations with DAS of hydroacoustic T waves generated by oceanic earthquakes located at the Central Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Cape St. Vincent region. Events had magnitudes from Mw 4.2 to 6.9, and the hydroacoustic waves were recorded at epicentral distances from 780 to 3400 km. Our findings show that submarine fiber-optic cables can effectively be used to assess the seismic activity in remote oceanic areas.
The 373 B.C. Helike (Gulf of Corinth, Greece) Earthquake and Tsunami, Revisited
Authors: Stiros Stathis C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAncient authors report the destruction and drowning in 373 B.C. in the Gulf of Corinth (Greece) of Helike (Helice and Eliki), an important, nearly coastal town, and of Boura (Bura, Buris, Bouris, and Voura), another town in the hinterland, as a punishment by the ancient God Poseidon because of a serious crime committed in his shrine. This narrative has been regarded as a description of a true event, though with some exaggerations, and the 373 B.C. event is included in earthquake and tsunami catalogs. In the first part of this article, it is shown that (1) local natural hazards exclude the possibility (risk) of total loss of the ancient “polis” (town state) of ancient Helike because of its vulnerability due to its geography. (2) Systematic geoarchaeological studies confirm this prediction because they reveal essentially undisturbed archaeological layers predating and postdating 373 B.C., with no signs of a tsunami. (3) Archaeological excavations have recently brought to light, among other findings, remains of the harbor of Boura and of the shrine of Poseidon at Helike, as well as coins issued by Helike several decades after its alleged loss. This evidence permits a reconsideration of ancient texts related to the loss of Helike in a supervised learning-type approach. It was found that genuine ancient Greek texts do not mention any catastrophe of Helike, but rather that the legend of its total loss appeared several centuries later in Roman times, in local legends, rumors, and forged or manipulated ancient texts (e.g., by pseudo-Aristotle). The ancient legend became important because it explained the collapse of the town state of Helike and it fit ancient religious ideas in a tectonically active region because of the rapid burial (“disappearance”) of ancient Greek remains under sediments in a young delta and because of the prominent location of Helike in the seafaring route between Rome and the eastern Mediterranean.For earthquakes before our era, historical and archaeological data have attracted interpretations… attributing to earthquakes… the demise of flourishing city-states.…The reason for the revival of catastrophe hypotheses is perhaps that they are easy to explain. They are too simple, too obvious and too coincidental and chiefly because they have become fashionable in recent years. (Ambraseys, 2006)
Rotational Seismology with a Quartz Rotation Sensor
Authors: Venkateswara Krishna , Paros Jerome , Bodin Paul , Wilcock William , Tobin Harold J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We describe the construction and performance of a new high-precision ground- or platform-rotation sensor called the Quartz Rotation Sensor (QRS). The QRS is a mechanical angular accelerometer that senses rotational torque with an inherently digital, load-sensitive resonant quartz crystal. The noise floor is measured to be ∼45 pico-radians/root (Hz) near 1 Hz, and the resonant period of the sensor is about 10 s, making it a broadband sensor. Among similarly sized broadband rotation sensors, this represents more than two orders of magnitude improvement in noise floor near 0.1 Hz. We present measurements of rotational components of teleseismic waves recorded with the sensor at a vault. The QRS is useful for rotational seismology and for improving low-frequency seismic isolation in demanding applications such as the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatories.
Crustal structure of the Tibetan Plateau: A surface-wave study by a moving window analysis
Authors: Chun Kin-Yip , Yoshii Toshikatsu 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Group velocities of fundamental-mode Rayleigh and Love waves are analyzed to construct a crustal structure of the Tibetan Plateau. A moving window analysis is employed to compute group velocities in a wide period range of 7 to 100 sec for 17 individual paths. The crustal models derived from these dispersion data indicate that under the Tibetan Plateau the total crustal thickness is about 70 km and that the crustal velocities are generally low. The low velocities are most probably caused by high temperatures. A low-velocity zone located at an intermediate depth within the crust appears to be strongly demanded by the observed dispersion data.
The main features of the proposed crustal structure will place stringent constraints on future tectonic models of the Tibetan Plateau which is generally regarded as a region of active deformation due to the continent-continent collision between India and Asia.
A scheme for expressing instrumental responses parametrically
Authors: Luh Peter C. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
This study shows that, provided a seismic instrument as a whole behaves linearly over its response range, and provided its phase response is known accurately, the instrumental responses can be parametrically expressed in terms of transfer functions of linear systems. The scheme is based on the observation that knowing accurately the detailed overall amplitude and phase responses of a linear instrument is tantamount to knowing all the pertinent constants for the construction of its overall transfer function. Because of generally poor quality of empirical phase calibrations, empirical phases are substituted by minimum phases, calculated via a Hilbert transform of amplitude response. Application of the scheme to actual SRO (LP) and USGS (SP) instruments resulted in sufficiently close agreements between parametric and actual responses to warrant the utility of the scheme.
Generalized ray theory for dipping structure
Authors: Hong Tai-Lin , Helmberger Donald V. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study we relax the strong limiting condition of parallel layering which is usually assumed in seismic modeling by allowing dipping boundaries. We start with the derivation of generalized ray theory in a wedge-shaped medium with free and rigid boundaries. Then, through the development of the method of equivalent models and de-Hoop contours, we extend the theory to dipping structure with elastic boundaries. The effect of a dipping interface over a half-space for the case of a line source is shown by a series of numerical models which include various angles of dip and source-to-receiver distances. Results for a line source situated below the layer indicate that, when the layer thickens toward the receiver, one obtains a wave form similar to the case where the source is actually in the layer. These features are produced by the combination of forward and backward traveling rays which can have super-critical reflections.
The appearance rate of premonitory uplift
Authors: Wyss Max 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Sea level data are used to show that 5 to 8 cm of aseismic uplift accumulated in a few months before the Long Beach, Hyuganada, and Peru earthquakes. This uplift rate is an order of magnitude faster than tectonic loading rates. Alternative mechanisms to explain this observation are anelastic creep at depth or dilatancy in a jointed crust. The energy expended during uplift is larger than the seismically radiated energy by approximately a factor of ten.
Phase-matched filters: Application to the study of Rayleigh waves
Authors: Herrin Eugene , Goforth Tom 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Phase-matched filters are defined as a class of linear filters in which the Fourier phase of the filter is made equal to that of a given signal. An iterative technique is described which can be used to find a phase-matched filter for a particular seismic signal. The process is then applied to digital records of Rayleigh waves from a synthetic source with propagation across 55° of continental path, an earthquake in the Greenland Sea recorded in Texas, and a nuclear explosion in Novaya Zemlya recorded in New Mexico. Application of the filter allows multiple arrivals to be identified and removed and allows recovery of the complex spectrum of the primary wave train along with its apparent group-velocity dispersion curve. The amplitude spectrum of the primary signal obtained by this linear process is not contaminated by interference from multipath arrivals. The filtering process also provides significant improvement in signal-to-noise ratio, greater than a factor of four for the Greenland Sea and Novaya Zemlya events.
The February 9, 1971 San Fernando earthquake: A study of source finiteness in teleseismic body waves
Authors: Langston Charles A. 
Published: September 2021

abstractTeleseismic P, SV, and SH waves recorded by the WWSS and Canadian networks from the 1971 San Fernando, California earthquake (ML = 6.6) are modeled in the time domain to determine detailed features of the source as a prelude to studying the near and local field strong-motion observations. Synthetic seismograms are computed from the model of a propagating finite dislocation line source embedded in layered elastic media. The effects of source geometry and directivity are shown to be important features of the long-period observations. The most dramatic feature of the model is the requirement that the fault, which initially ruptured at a depth of 13 km as determined from pP-P times, continuously propagated toward the free surface, first on a plane dipping 53°NE, then broke over to a 29°NE dipping fault segment. This effect is clearly shown in the azimuthal variation of both long period P- and SH-wave forms. Although attenuation and interference with radiation from the remainder of the fault are possible complications, comparison of long- and short-period P and short-period pP and P waves suggest that rupture was initially bilateral, or, possibly, strongly unilateral downward, propagating to about 15 km depth. The average rupture velocity of 1.8 km/sec is well constrained from the shape of the long-period wave forms. Total seismic moment is 0.86 × 1026 dyne-cm. Implications for near-field modeling are drawn from these results.
A note on nonequivalent quadrupole source cylindrical shear potentials which give equal displacements
Authors: Harkrider D. G. , Helmberger D. V. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Two standard integral forms of the cylindrical shear potentials for point quadrupole seismic sources, a frequency domain k-integral and a time domain Cagniardde Hoop path p-integral, are shown not to be the frequency-time domain inverse of each other. Their relationship is derived and they are shown to be seismically equivalent in that they yield the same displacement field.
Change in b-values during movement on cut surfaces in granite
Authors: Weeks J. , Lockner D. , Byerlee J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A large granite sample containing a saw cut, modeling a natural fault, was triaxially loaded at confining pressures up to 1000 bars. Fourteen violent slip events accompanied by foreshock and aftershock sequences occurred under constant strain rate loading. From digitally recorded acoustic emission, locations and amplitudes were determined for nearly 8,000 microseismic events.
Plots of log amplitude versus log frequency of microseismic events were drawn for three periods between each slip event, termed foreshock, aftershock, and background. These plots indicate that the b-value is lower during foreshocks than for periods between events, implying increased average amplitude of microseismic activity just before slip. These experimental results suggest that it may be possible to devise an earthquake warning system based on changes in b-values in active tectonic regions. It has been suggested that according to the dilatancy-diffusion model, b-value would decrease prior to earthquakes. In our experiment, however, the rock was dry.
A catalog of instrumentally determined earthquakes in China (magnitude ≧6) compiled from various sources
Authors: Lee W. H. K. , Wu F. T. , Wang S. C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA catalog of instrumentally determined earthquakes in China (magnitude ≧6) from 1901 to 1976 has been compiled in a form suitable for computers. The data include the origin time, epicenter, focal depth, magnitude, the province where the earthquake occurred, and information sources. The source materials which we consulted are extensive and include publications in Chinese and Japanese.
Multivariate autoregressive representation of seismic P-wave signals with application to short-period discrimination
Authors: Sandvin Ottar , Tjøstheim Dag 
Published: September 2021

abstract
It is shown that seismic P-wave vector signals as recorded by selected NORSAR subarrays can be described by multivariate parametric models of autoregressive type. These are models having the form
X ¯ ( t ) − A 1 X ¯ ( t − 1 ) − ... − A p X ¯ ( t − p ) = W ¯ ( t )
Where X¯(t) (t) is the digitized short-period vector time series defined by the P-wave signal and W¯(t) (t) is a white noise vector time series. The multivariate autoregressive analysis is undertaken for 83 nuclear explosions and 72 earthquakes from Eurasia. For each event a separate analysis of the main signal and of the coda has been carried through. It is found that in most cases a reasonable statistical fit is obtained using a low-order autoregressive model. The autoregressive parameters characterize the spectral density matrix of the P-wave signal and therefore form a convenient basis for constructing short-period discriminants between earthquakes and explosions. Based on the classification results for our data base of Eurasian events, we find that the multivariate autoregressive parameters have a substantially larger discrimination potential than the short-period parameters suggested earlier in the literature. In fact our results indicate that, based on autoregressive parameters, it may now be possible to construct purely short-period discriminants which are comparable, if not superior, to the mb:Ms criterion.
Observation of 1- to 5-second microtremors and their application to earthquake engineering. Part I: Comparison with long-period accelerations at the Tokachi-oki earthquake of 1968
Authors: Ohta Yutaka , Kagami Hiroshi , Goto Noritoshi , Kudo Kazuyoshi 
Published: September 2021

abstract
A study on elucidation of possible amplification characteristic of strong motions due to deep situated deposit was made by means of 1 to 5 sec microtremors observation. At the Tokachi-oki earthquake of 1968 (M=7.9) several accelerograms were obtained, among which some are dominant but others are not significant in longer periods than 1 sec. To understand whether these differences are from source and path effects or site conditions is important for estimating seismic input motions to high-rise buildings. A long-period microtremors observation was introduced to pursue this problem.
Observations were carried out in three cities where the typical acceleration records had been obtained, employing a specially designed instrument good for the microtremors with periods ranging from 0.5 to 6 sec. Each observation line was chosen so as to traverse the accelerograph site along which a remarkable geological change of the underground structure is expected, for example, from the outcrop of bedrock to the alluvial deposit.
Through comparison of the obtained spectra and their peaks with those derived from the strong-motion records, it was derived that their predominancy and predominant period in the long-period range are clearly responsible to the presence of deep situated deposit.
A formulation of observation and analysing procedures of the long-period microtremors was also proposed, paying attention to overcome the defects in the well-known technique for the short-period microtremors.