bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The status of fertility control for rodents—recent achievements and future directions
Authors: JACOBLINNERT Kyra , JACOB Jens , ZHANG Zhibin , HINDS Lyn A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractManagement of overabundant rodents at a landscape scale is complex but often required to sustainably reduce rodent abundance below damage thresholds. Current conventional techniques such as poisoning are not species specific, with some approaches becoming increasingly unacceptable to the general public. Fertility control, first proposed for vertebrate pest management over 5 decades ago, has gained public acceptance because it is perceived as a potentially more species‐specific and humane approach compared with many lethal methods. An ideal fertility control agent needs to induce infertility across one or more breeding seasons, be easily delivered to an appropriate proportion of the population, be species specific with minimal side‐effects (behavioral or social structure changes), and be environmentally benign and cost effective. To date, effective fertility control of rodents has not been demonstrated at landscape scales and very few products have achieved registration. Reproductive targets for fertility control include disrupting the hormonal feedback associated with the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis, gonad function, fertilization, and/or early implantation. We review progress on the oral delivery of various agents for which laboratory studies have demonstrated efficacy in females and/or males and synthesize progress with the development and/or use of synthetic steroids, plant extracts, ovarian specific peptides, and immunocontraceptive vaccines. There are promising results for field application of synthetic steroids (levonorgestrel, quinestrol), chemosterilants (4‐vinylcyclohexene diepoxide), and some plant extracts (triptolide). For most fertility control agents, more research is essential to enable their efficient and cost‐effective delivery such that rodent impacts at a population level are mitigated and food security is improved.
Identification and characterization of antioxidant peptides obtained from the bioaccessible fraction of α‐lactalbumin hydrolysate
Authors: Báez Jessica , Fernández‐Fernández Adriana M. , Tironi Valeria , Bollati‐Fogolín Mariela , Añón María C. , Medrano‐Fernández Alejandra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhey is an abundantand sustainable source of bioactive peptides obtained from cheese making process. Whey proteins such as α‐lactalbumin can be biologically active when the bioactive peptides encrypted in the amino acid sequence of the native protein are released by enzymatic hydrolysis. In the present work, the identification, sequence analysis, and antioxidant activity of bioaccessible peptides from α‐lactalbumin alcalase‐hydrolysate was assessed. Antioxidant activity (ABTS, ORAC, and HORAC) of α‐lactalbumin showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) after the enzymatic treatment with alcalase and this capacity increased even more after the simulation of the gastrointestinal digestion process. Peptides contained in the gastrointestinal digest of α‐lactalbumin hydrolysate were separated by preparative RP‐HPLC (55 fractions), and three peptides were identified by LC‐MS/MS analysis from selected fractions: IWCKDDQNPH (MW: 1254.54 Da) f(59‐68), KFLDDDLTDDIM (MW: 1439.64 Da) f(79‐90), DKFLDDDLTDDIM (MW: 1554.67 Da) f(78‐90). Among the chemically synthesized peptides, IWCKDDQNPH showed the highest antioxidant capacity determined by ORAC, ABTS, and HORAC assays (IC500.015 ± 0.002, 0.45 ± 0.02, and 1.30 ± 0.05 mg/ml, respectively) and this activity may be related to the amino acid sequence. This is the first report where these bioaccessible peptides from α‐lactalbumin hydrolysate were identified. The α‐lactalbumin hydrolysate could be employed as a functional antioxidant ingredient.Practical ApplicationThe present work studied the bioaccessibility of antioxidant peptides from an α‐lactalbumin alcalase‐hydrolysate by identifying three novel bioaccessible peptides responsible for the antioxidant capacity, providing evidence of the hydrolysate potential as an antioxidant ingredient in the formulations of functional foods and/or food supplements.
Modeling relationship between protein oxidation and denaturation and texture, moisture loss of bighead carp (Aristichthys Nobilis) during frozen storage
Authors: Lu Han , Liang Yunhong , Zhang Longteng , Shi Jing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the effects of protein oxidation and denaturation on the fish texture and moisture loss during frozen storage, we measured the changes of protein oxidation and denaturation (salt‐soluble protein (SSP), total sulfhydryl (SH), disulfide (SS), carbonyl contents and Ca2+‐ATPase activity), texture (hardness), and moisture loss (drip loss) of bighead carp fillets stored at −12, −20 and −28°C during 16 weeks. These data were employed to develop partial least squares regression (PLSR) model, radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) model, PLSR‐RBFNN (PR) model and RBFNN‐PLSR (RP) model. The results showed that the RP model provided no enhancement to RBFNN model because it had the exactly same root mean square error (RMSE) and R2. PLSR model showed better performance than other models when predicting hardness. More appropriate linear or linearity‐dominant hybrid model needed to be explored to establish the relationship between protein oxidation and denaturation and texture. The PR model performed better than other models in predicting drip loss with its lower RMSE and higher R2, which revealed both linear and nonlinear relationship between protein oxidation and denaturation and moisture loss. Therefore, the PR model was a promising and encouraging tool to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between protein oxidation and denaturation and moisture loss of fish during frozen storage.Practical ApplicationThe study explored the effects of protein oxidation and denaturation on the texture and moisture loss of bighead carp during frozen storage (−12 to −28°C). PLSR model showed better performance than other models when predicting the relationship between protein oxidation and denaturation and texture. The PR model was an available tool for manufacturers to predict the relationship between protein oxidation and denaturation and moisture loss.
pgHMA: Application of the heteroduplex mobility assay analysis in phylogenetics and population genetics
Authors: Li Teng , Wong Thomas K. F. , Ranjard Louis , Rodrigo Allen G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) has proven to be a robust tool for the detection of genetic variation. Here, we describe a simple and rapid application of the HMA by microfluidic capillary electrophoresis, for phylogenetics and population genetic analyses (pgHMA). We show how commonly applied techniques in phylogenetics and population genetics have equivalents with pgHMA: phylogenetic reconstruction with bootstrapping, skyline plots, and mismatch distribution analysis. We assess the performance and accuracy of pgHMA by comparing the results obtained against those obtained using standard methods of analyses applied to sequencing data. The resulting comparisons demonstrate that: (a) there is a significant linear relationship (R2 = .992) between heteroduplex mobility and genetic distance, (b) phylogenetic trees obtained by HMA and nucleotide sequences present nearly identical topologies, (c) clades with high pgHMA parametric bootstrap support also have high bootstrap support on nucleotide phylogenies, (d) skyline plots estimated from the UPGMA trees of HMA and Bayesian trees of nucleotide data reveal similar trends, especially for the median trend estimate of effective population size, and (e) optimized mismatch distributions of HMA are closely fitted to the mismatch distributions of nucleotide sequences. In summary, pgHMA is an easily‐applied method for approximating phylogenetic diversity and population trends.
Strategies for sample labelling and library preparation in DNA metabarcoding studies
Authors: Bohmann Kristine , Elbrecht Vasco , Carøe Christian , Bista Iliana , Leese Florian , Bunce Michael , Yu Douglas W. , Seymour Mathew , Dumbrell Alex J. , Creer Simon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMetabarcoding of DNA extracted from environmental or bulk specimen samples is increasingly used to profile biota in basic and applied biodiversity research because of its targeted nature that allows sequencing of genetic markers from many samples in parallel. To achieve this, PCR amplification is carried out with primers designed to target a taxonomically informative marker within a taxonomic group, and sample‐specific nucleotide identifiers are added to the amplicons prior to sequencing. The latter enables assignment of the sequences back to the samples they originated from. Nucleotide identifiers can be added during the metabarcoding PCR and during “library preparation”, that is, when amplicons are prepared for sequencing. Different strategies to achieve this labelling exist. All have advantages, challenges and limitations, some of which can lead to misleading results, and in the worst case compromise the fidelity of the metabarcoding data. Given the range of questions addressed using metabarcoding, ensuring that data generation is robust and fit for the chosen purpose is critically important for practitioners seeking to employ metabarcoding for biodiversity assessments. Here, we present an overview of the three main workflows for sample‐specific labelling and library preparation in metabarcoding studies on Illumina sequencing platforms; one‐step PCR, two‐step PCR, and tagged PCR. Further, we distill the key considerations for researchers seeking to select an appropriate metabarcoding strategy for their specific study. Ultimately, by gaining insights into the consequences of different metabarcoding workflows, we hope to further consolidate the power of metabarcoding as a tool to assess biodiversity across a range of applications.
From self‐entertainment to being appreciated: how does social media transfer talent to business?
Authors: Chen Feng , Ding Jian , Li Mochou , Wang Bingqing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of social media information disclosure on crowdfunding rates. Using a sample of 1,844 projects from a music crowdfunding platform in China, we find that fundraisers who disclosed their social media accounts contributed to a greater funding rate. Social media account disclosure appears to be more significant for projects created by individuals and accompanied by videos and more images, as well as negative descriptions. Furthermore, the disclosure of social media presence information can improve the funding rate by enabling digital reputations and breaking geographical restrictions. Robust tests and 2SLS estimations support our conclusion.
‘City Thinking’: Rural Urbanisation and Mobility in Andean Bolivia
Authors: Alderman Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

Drawing on fieldwork in Andean Bolivia, this article examines rural urbanisation as a process of disconnection between people and place impacted by flows of rural to urban migration. Ritual relations with place are perceived as particularly significant for Kallawaya healers in the municipality of Charazani. They take a disruption of acts that maintain bonds between people and place as a result of urbanisation – examined particularly in relation to house‐building rituals – as having knock‐on effects for indigenous communal identity. These same healers are conscious of this urbanisation as the present manifestation of a historical process.
Fruit, vegetable and dietary antioxidant intake in school age, respiratory health up to young adulthood
Authors: Sdona Emmanouela , Ekström Sandra , Andersson Niklas , Hallberg Jenny , Rautiainen Susanne , Håkansson Niclas , Wolk Alicja , Kull Inger , Melén Erik , Bergström Anna 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDietary antioxidants may protect the lung against oxidative damage and prevent chronic respiratory disease. We aimed to investigate fruit, vegetable and antioxidant intake (measured as total antioxidant capacity, TAC) at age 8 years in relation to asthma and lung function up to 24 years.MethodsIn this study of 2506 participants from a Swedish birth cohort, diet was assessed using food frequency questionnaires. Information on asthma was collected by questionnaires, and lung function was measured by spirometry at ages 8, 16 and 24 years. Generalized estimating equations and mixed effect models were used to assess overall, age‐ and sex‐specific associations.ResultsAfter adjustment for confounders, a higher fruit intake at age 8 years was associated with a tendency to reduced odds of prevalent asthma (T3 vs. T1, OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.60–1.01, p‐trend .083), with reduced odds of incident asthma and increased odds of remittent asthma (≥median, OR 0.76; 95% CI 0.58–0.99 and OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.05–2.42, respectively) up to 24 years. Comparable, but non‐significant, odds ratios were observed in analyses of long‐term fruit intake (mean intake at ages 8 and 16 years). In contrast, no association was observed with vegetable intake. A higher dietary TAC (T3 vs. T1) at 8 years was associated with reduced odds of prevalent asthma (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.58–0.93, p‐trend .010) and improved lung function development (FEV1‐z +0.11; 95% CI 0.01–0.21, p‐trend .036 and FVC‐z +0.09; 95% CI −0.01–0.20, p‐trend .072) up to 24 years. Associations were more pronounced among males, and regarding asthma, participants sensitized to aeroallergens.ConclusionsAntioxidant intake in school age may improve asthma and lung function up to young adulthood. Although our results should be interpreted with caution, they emphasize the importance of following current dietary guidelines regarding consumption of antioxidant‐rich foods as part of a balanced diet.
Thromboembolic complications in autoimmune hemolytic anemia: Retrospective study
Authors: Schär Deborah Tabita , Daskalakis Michael , Mansouri Behrouz , Rovo Alicia , Zeerleder Sacha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionA small number of retrospective studies suggest AIHA to be associated with an increased risk to suffer from thromboembolic events. However, based on these studies it remains unclear whether the complement activation per is a risk factor to develop thromboembolic events in AIHA patients. The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the incidence of thromboembolic events and the relation to complement activation in a cohort of AIHA patients.Patients and MethodsWe included 77 patients in this study with a positive DAT and hemolytic parameters or with AIHA diagnosis based on the medical report. The included patients were screened for thromboembolic events (TEE) and have been stratified in groups with and without complement activation based on the positivity for complement in the DAT.ResultsOf the 77 included patients, 51 (66%) had warm AIHA, 13 (17%) cold‐AIHA, 5 (7%) mixed AIHA, and 8 (10%) atypical AIHA, respectively. Primary and secondary AIHA was diagnosed in 44% and 56%, respectively. Twenty patients (26%) suffered from TEE. The majority (80%) of these patients suffered from warm AIHA and 10% from cold‐AIHA. Hemolysis parameters did not differ in patients with and without TEE. There was no correlation with complement activation as evidenced by a positivity for complement in the monospecific DAT with the occurrence of TEE.ConclusionAIHA is associated with an increased risk of TEE. Based on these results prophylactic anticoagulation might be considered as soon as the diagnosis of AIHA is confirmed.
Diet enriched in omega‐3 fatty acids alleviates olfactory system deficits in APOE4 transgenic mice
Authors: Lessard‐Beaudoin Melissa , M. Gonzalez Laura , AlOtaibi Majed , Chouinard‐Watkins Raphaël , Plourde Melanie , Calon Frederic , Graham Rona K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOlfactory dysfunction is observed in several neurological disorders including Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD). These deficits occur early and correlate with global cognitive performance, depression and degeneration of olfactory regions in the brain. Despite extensive human studies, there has been little characterization of the olfactory system in models of AD. In order to determine if olfactory structural and/or molecular phenotypes are observed in a model expressing a genetic risk factor for AD, we assessed the olfactory bulb (OB) in APOE4 transgenic mice. A significant decrease in OB weight was observed at 12 months of age in APOE4 mice concurrent with inflammation and decreased NeuN expression. In order to determine if a diet rich in omega‐3s may alleviate the olfactory system phenotypes observed, we assessed WT and APOE4 mice on a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) diet. APOE4 mice on a DHA diet did not present with atrophy of the OB, and the alterations in NeuN and IBA‐1 expression were alleviated. Furthermore, alterations in caspase mRNA and protein expression in the APOE4 OB were not observed with a DHA diet. Similar to the human AD condition, OB atrophy is an early phenotype in the APOE4 mice and concurrent with inflammation. These data support a link between the structural olfactory brain region atrophy and the olfactory dysfunction observed in AD and suggest that inflammation and cell death pathways may contribute to the olfactory deficits observed. Furthermore, the results suggest that diets enriched in DHA may provide benefit to APOE4 allele carriers.
Comparisons of efficacy and safety in insulin glargine and lixisenatide plus glulisine combination therapy with multiple daily injection therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kawaguchi Yuji , Miyamoto Shoko , Hajika Yuriko , Ashida Narumi , Masumoto Koji , Sawa Jun , Hamazaki Kenji , Kumeda Yasuro 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionMultiple daily injection therapy for early glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with hypoglycemia and weight gain. This study aimed to compare the efficacy (time in range of glucose level 70–180 mg/dL), safety (time below range level 1 of glucose <70 mg/dL), glycemic variability changes, therapeutic indices, body mass index and titration periods between multiple daily injection and insulin glargine U100 and lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) combination (iGlarLixi + insulin glulisine; injected once daily [evenings]) therapies using intermittent continuous glucose monitoring.Materials and MethodsA total of 40 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to the iGlarLixi + insulin glulisine group or the multiple daily injection group. An intermittent continuous glucose monitoring system was attached, and each injection was adjusted to achieve the target glucose level according to the respective titration algorithm. Times in and below the range were analyzed using data collected on days 11–13 of the intermittent continuous glucose monitoring.ResultsThe time in range did not significantly differ between the groups. However, the time below range level 1 was lower in the iGlarLixi + insulin glulisine group (P = 0.047). The changes in glycemic variability, therapeutic indices and body mass index were not significantly different between the groups, although the titration period was significantly shorter in the iGlarLixi + insulin glulisine group (P = 0.033).ConclusionsiGlarLixi + insulin glulisine combination therapy is safe and equally efficacious as multiple daily injection therapy for glycemic control, while avoiding hypoglycemia risk and reducing the number of injections are required.
Implication of mucus‐secreting cells, acidophilic granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages in the resolution of skin inflammation caused by subcutaneous injection of λ/κ‐carrageenin to gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) specimens
Authors: Campos‐Sánchez José Carlos , Vitarelli Enrica , Guardiola Francisco A. , Ceballos‐Francisco Diana , García Beltrán José María , Ieni Antonio , Esteban María Ángeles 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo date, the mechanisms of inflammation have been poorly studied in fish of commercial interest, due to the lack of development of appropriate experimental models. The current study evaluated a local inflammation triggered by a polymeric carrageenin mixture (a mucopolysaccharide derived from the red seaweed Chondrus crispus) in the skin of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Fish were injected subcutaneously with phosphate‐buffered saline (as control) or λ/κ‐carrageenin (1%), and skin samples from the injection sites were collected 1.5, 3 and 6 hr post‐injection, processed for inclusion in paraplast and stained with haematoxylin–eosin, Alcian blue or periodic acid–Schiff. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and expression analyses of several cells’ markers and proinflammatory genes were also analysed in samples of the injected sites. Microscopic results indicated an increased number of skin mucus‐secreting cells and acidophilic granulocytes in the skin of fish studied at 1.5 hr and 3 hr post‐injection with carrageenin, respectively, with respect to the data obtained in control fish. Otherwise, both the gene expression of the non‐specific cytotoxic cell marker (granzyme B, grb) and the proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin‐1β, il‐1β) were up‐regulated at 1.5 hr in the skin of fish injected with carrageenin compared with the control fish, whilst the gene expression of acidophilic granulocyte markers (NADPH oxidase subunit Phox22 and Phox40, phox22 and phox40) was up‐regulated at 3 and 6 hr in the carrageenin group, compared with the control group. In addition, the gene expression of myeloperoxidase (mpo) was also up‐regulated at 6 hr in the skin of fish injected with carrageenin in comparison with control samples. The present results indicate the chronological participation of two important immune cells involved in the resolution of the inflammation in the skin of gilthead seabream.
Subsequent IVF outcomes following antibiotic therapy for chronic endometritis in patients with recurrent implantation failure
Authors: Demirdag Erhan , Guler Ismail , Cevher Akdulum Munire Funda , Sahin Esin , Erdem Ozlem , Erdem Ahmet , Erdem Mehmet 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThe aim is to identify the chronic endometritis (CE) incidence in recurrent implantation failure (RIF) patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment and compare the IVF outcomes of RIF patients with CE following antibiotic therapy with RIF patients without CE. Another purpose is to compare the IVF outcomes of described RIF patients with patients undergoing the first cycle of IVF.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, CE was diagnosed with CD‐138 immunohistochemical staining. Among RIF patients, two groups were formed as group 1, including patients diagnosed with CE and treated by antibiotics (n = 129), and group 2, including patients without CE (n = 103). Patients with the first IVF cycle having similar infertility etiologies with RIF patients were reviewed as group 3 (n = 932).ResultsCE was diagnosed in 55.6% of RIF patients. The number of oocytes retrieved was not different between groups. Implantation rates (IR) were similar after antibiotic treatment in RIF patients with or without CE. However, Group 3 had a higher IR (41.1%) than group 1 and 2 (23.1% and 30.1%, respectively) (p < 0.001). Clinical pregnancy (CPR) and live birth rates (LBR) were comparable between RIF groups. However, CPR and LBR were significantly higher in group 3 (48.6% and 40.5%) than group 1 (36.4% and 27.9%), and group 2 (37.9% and 30.1%) (p = 0.007 and p = 0.005, respectively).ConclusionUnidentified endometrial factors except CE may also affect the implantation process, although CE is a frequent finding in patients with RIF. Reproductive outcomes may not be improved only with antibiotics in RIF patients with CE.