bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phospho Zinc Finger Protein
Authors: Bhatia Yeshika , Mondal Gautam , Islam Saimul , Ghosh Rishila , Dutta Sankhadeep , Ghosh Sudip K , Duseja Ajay , Panda Chinmay Kumar , Chatterjee Bishnu Pada 
Published: December 2021

Context:
Liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a dreadful complex disease generally occurring from chronic hepatitis B (HBV-CH) due to its latency, which leads to liver cirrhosis and ultimately liver cancer. To prevent cancer at root level, diagnosis of HBV-CH is highly necessary which based on clinical presentation, serum biochemistry, and viral markers.

Aim:
The aim of the present study was to detect and identify phosphorylated proteins in HBV-CH patients' sera, among chronic hepatitis B-induced liver cirrhosis (HBV-LC) and HCC by developing antibody against this targeted phosphoprotein by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This candidate phosphoprotein in patients' sera can be a noninvasive biomarker of HBV-CH.

Setting and Design:
Our experimental approach was to detect phosphoproteins in HBV-CH, HBV-LC, and HCC, their quantification by ELISA and Western blot. Identification of highly expressed targeted phosphoproteins was done by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis followed by MALDI-ToF-MS analysis. Antibody is to be developed against synthesized peptide of targeted phosphoprotein of HBV-CH to use by ELISA. This will be a non-invasive approach to identify candidate phosphoprotein as biomarker of HBV-CH.

Methodology:
Our experimental approach consisted of three steps: (1) detection of serum phosphoproteins by Pro-Q diamond dye in HBV-CH, HBV-LC and HCC patients' groups as well as control subjects; (2) quantification of serum phosphoproteins using different phospho-specific monoclonal antibodies viz., antiphosphoserine (pSer), antiphosphothreonine (pThr), and antiphosphotyrosine (pTyr) antibodies by ELISA and Western blot; (3)identification of differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins in HBV-CH, HBV-LC and HCC by 2D electrophoresis (2DE) followed by in gel trypsin digestion and subsequently by MALDI-ToF-MS analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Student's t-test and ANOVA was applied for statistical analysis.

Results:
There were four phosphoprotein bands namely at 25, 50, 70, 75 kDa in HBV-CH, HBV-LC, HCC and control subjects detected by ProQ diamond dye. Besides there appeared one more band at 60 kDa in HCC. The phosphorylation level at serine and threonine residues was highest in HCC patient groups among HBV-CH, HBV-LC and control groups whereas no phosphorylation level of tyrosine was observed among liver disease patient and control groups. Serum phosphorylated proteins were detected and quantified by Western blot. The results were corroborated to those obtained by ELISA. The differential expression of seven phosphoprotein spots was detected in HBV-CH, HBV-LC, HCC patients and control subjects by 2DE and were identified by MALDI-ToF-MS analysis.

Conclusion:
Thus circulating phosphoproteins could represent important disease biomarkers because of their differential expression in liver diseases.
Dosimetric Comparison of Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy, and Volumetric Modulated arc Therapy in High-Risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Aynaci Özlem , Çolak Fatma , Serdar Lasif Türker , Yöney Adnan 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
In this study, we aimed to compare the doses of the prostate gland and organs at risk (OAR) using dose volume histograms after external body radiation therapy options, Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and hybrid three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), in patients diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 14 male patients with high-risk prostate cancer who received prostate radiotherapy combined with elective nodal irradiation, were selected; the total prostate doses were 78 Gy in 39 fractions and pelvic lymph nodes doses were 56 Gy in 28 fractions. The target coverage was evaluated in the PTV with the following parameters: Dmean, Dmin, Dmax, CN, and HI, and each normal tissue was evaluated using percentage volumes of reference doses which were previously defined by Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and QUANTEC criteria.

Results:
In target volumes, 95% of the targeted dose was adequately covered in all three of the 3BKRT, IMRT, and VMAT techniques. In terms of OAR, the percentages of volume exposed to high doses are much lower in the reverse plan IMRT and VMAT technique compared to the 3DCRT technique. There was no significant superiority between IMRT and VMAT in terms of reference values for rectum, bladder, femoral heads, bulbus penis, and small intestines.

Conclusion:
The superiority of IMRT and VMAT techniques over 3DCRT techniques has been clearly demonstrated, especially in terms of OAR, in patients with a diagnosis of high-risk prostate cancer. It is thought that one of these two techniques can be preferred by the possibilities in every radiotherapy clinic.
Genetic diversity of colistin resistance Nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii strains from Iran
Authors: Seyyedi Maryam , Shapouri Reza , Zeighami Habib , Shokoohizadeh Leili 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is a global health problem since its ability to acquire new resistance mechanisms. Here, we aimed to determine the association of common types of A. baumannii and assess their drug resistance of A. baumannii and contribution of integrons (Ints) and oxacillinase genes in Zanjan, Iran.

Materials and Methods:
Among 68 isolated Acinetobacters from patients, 48 isolates were A. baumannii strains. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern and colistin resistance were determined by disk diffusion and broth microdilution, respectively. The presence of Int I, II, III, and oxacillinase genes examined using polymerase chain reaction. The clonal relationship of clinical isolates of A. baumannii determined by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis method.

Results:
The results showed the highest antibiotic susceptibility (58%) for colistin. 96% of isolates were considered as multidrug resistant, and 46% as extensively drug resistant, and 16% as pandrug resistant. Frequencies of Int I, II, III resistance genes were 60%, 28%, and 0%, respectively, and 12% of strains had no isoform of Ints. Frequencies of Carbapenem resistance genes were 74%, 24%, 100%, and 4% for blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-51, and blaOXA-58, respectively. The above samples were group into 26 pulsotypes.

Conclusion:
The studied A. baumannii strains had several resistance genes, and the colistin resistance showed an extraordinary ascending tendency that could be a severe issue in nosocomial infections, and the presence of high genetic diversity indicated a variation in A. baumannii strains and possibly a variety of sources of contamination or infection.
Efficacy of intrathecal fentanyl versus buprenorphine as an adjuvant to isobaric levobupivacaine in lower limb surgeries
Authors: Furia Preet Hiten , Sasturkar Vasanti Mukund , Kulkarni Sanhita J. , Joshi Pradnya Shripad , Bhale Pramod V. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Fentanyl and buprenorphine are the most commonly used adjuvants in spinal anesthesia. There is paucity in literature regarding the comparison of these two adjuvants when used with levobupivacaine.

Aim:
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of fentanyl and buprenorphine added to isobaric levobupivacaine.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective randomized double-blind study was undertaken on 60 patients between the ages of 18 and 65 years with the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1, 2, and 3 scheduled for lower limb surgery. Group LF (n = 30) received 3-mL isobaric 0.5% levobupivacaine with 10 microgram (mcg) injection fentanyl and Group LB (n = 30) received 3-mL isobaric 0.5% levobupivacaine with 60 mcg injection buprenorphine. Characteristics of sensory and motor blockade, duration of postoperative analgesia, hemodynamic parameters, and adverse effects were recorded. Data were analyzed by appropriate statistical tests and a value of P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
The onset of sensory block and duration of motor block in both groups were comparable (P > 0.05). The onset of motor block, duration of sensory block, and duration of analgesia were significantly prolonged in Group LB than Group LF (P < 0.05). Six patients in Group LF and three patients in Group LB developed nausea, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.2801). None of the patients in either of the study groups had adverse effects such as bradycardia, hypotension, pruritus, or respiratory depression.

Conclusion:
Combinations of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine (3 mL) with fentanyl (10 mcg) and buprenorphine (60 mcg) show a good safety profile when administered intrathecally, although combination of levobupivacaine–buprenorphine is superior in terms of prolonged sensory block and longer duration of postoperative analgesia.
Comparison of the efficacy of homemade herbal disinfectants with chlorhexidine for decontamination of toothbrush
Authors: Singh Ankita , Palshikar Anuradha , Chatterji Tanushri 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
A toothbrush is the most common oral hygiene aid used, but maintaining and storing the toothbrush hygienically is commonly neglected. In India, people are not aware of the contamination of toothbrushes. Contaminated toothbrushes can act as a vector for the transmission or reinfection of various bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The herbs, which have pharmaceutical properties, can be used as an alternative. The study aimed to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of 3% neem and 3% garlic on Streptococcus mutans and to compare with 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash as toothbrush decontaminants.

Materials and Methods:
A triple-blinded randomized controlled trial was done on 120 subjects. The subjects were divided into four groups: Group I (distilled water), i.e., control, three study groups having 3% neem (Group II), 3% garlic extract (Group III), and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate (Group IV). Subjects were provided toothbrushes and toothpaste for both baseline and intervention phases. The toothbrushes were collected after 14 and 28 days for microbial analysis in both phases. The data were analyzed and compared using appropriate t-test and analysis of variance. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
Garlic (Group III) was most effective at 98%, followed by chlorhexidine (Group IV) 96% and neem (Group II) 88% in reducing the level of S. mutans. Distilled water (Group I) showed only a 3% reduction.

Conclusion:
Neem and garlic proved to be as effective as chlorhexidine, and these herbal products can be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine as disinfectants for toothbrushes. These are the common ingredients that can be easily found in Indian households. It is herbal, cost-effective, and has no side effects so it can be easily used by every individual as a toothbrush decontaminant.
Perceptions of married women about reasons and suggested solutions regarding gender preferences for offspring in Katputli Nagar, Jaipur
Authors: Bharti Vivek , Kewalramani Suresh , Kashyap Amita , Kapoor Priyanka 
Published: December 2021

Background:
In India, the preference for a son is strong. Due to many reasons in various communities, the strong desire for a son and discrimination against a female child are causing the non-preference of female children, resulting in a skewed sex ratio in India. The main objective of the study was to assess the perception of urban slum married women in the reproductive age group about reasons and solutions to overcome gender preference.

Materials and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study on 1230 married women of urban slums of age group 15–49 years was carried out in Katputli Nagar in Rajasthan state, India. Information regarding reasons and solutions to overcome gender preference was asked. A predesigned semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection.

Results:
Out of the 1230 study subjects, the majority reason for the male preference was “propagation of family name” (53.3%), followed by “family safety” (46.5%) and “funeral responsibility” (44.8%), “financial help in future” (39.2%) and “old age support” (40.2%). “Family name spoilage if remaining unmarried” and “female offspring will not stay with them after marriage” were the most preferred reasons for female non-preference (59.8% and 58.3%), respectively, and “dowry” in 56.4%. Strict implementation of anti-dowry law and better implementation of educational aids for girl child might be strong changes (69.83% and 69.18%, respectively), followed by “improvement in the security of females” (61.95%).

Conclusion:
Propagation of family names was an important reason for the preference for males. Strict implementation of anti-dowry law and better implementation of educational aid for female children might be strong changes that could remove gender discrimination in society.
Association of basal metabolic rate with respiratory function among middle-aged obese and nonobese subjects
Authors: Itagi Afreen Begum H. , Kalaskar Ambrish , Dukpa Pasang Tshering , Chandi Dhruba Hari , Yunus G. Y. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Obesity is proved to be a comorbid condition in various metabolic, cardiovascular, and pulmonary disorders. Only a few investigations analyzed the relationship between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and lung function in middle-aged obese individuals.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of BMR to that of pulmonary functions among middle-aged obese subjects.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was undertaken in obese and nonobese healthy subjects (50 each) of age 35–55 years. Body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) were estimated, and BMR was calculated using predicted equations. Spirometric measures such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were measured. Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) and mean forced expiratory flow during the middle of FVC (FEF25%–75%) were determined. Descriptive statistics, t test (unpaired), and Pearson’s correlation test were used for the analysis of the variables. Values of P ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:
Mean BMR among obese was significantly higher than nonobese. The pulmonary function parameters FVC, FEV1, and FEF25%–75% were significantly reduced in obese. A significant positive correlation of BMR was found with FVC, FEV1, PEFR, FEF25%–75%, and MVV among both obese and nonobese. An inverse correlation existed between BMR and FEV1-to-FVC ratio in the study participants.

Conclusions:
Pulmonary functions are more closely associated with fat distribution than with the extent of obesity. The study outcome suggests that, in the context of early lung function alterations in the middle-aged obese subjects, it is necessary to take into account the BMR and body composition instead of BMI alone.
Echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: Jacob Mary Grace , Sebastian Saji , Paul Geo , Chelakkat Mukundan , NM Ajmal , Joy Breezy Anna , Afsal Mohammed 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Chronic liver disease is an important cause of mortality as well as morbidity all over the world. Cirrhosis causes clinical manifestations extending beyond the liver. In patients with chronic liver disease, the cause of mortality is usually related to the liver pathology, but extrahepatic manifestations of chronic liver damage contribute significantly to the morbidity. With regards to the cardiovascular system, the manifestations are due to circulatory disturbances and cardiac dysfunction. Among all etiologies, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is the cardiac dysfunction secondary to chronic liver disease.

Objective:
To study the echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with chronic liver disease.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 80 patients in a tertiary care center. All etiologies for chronic liver disease were included. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical features, laboratory and imaging criteria, and endoscopic evidence, and the duration of the abnormalities was to be persistent for more than six months. Echocardiography was done within one week of conducting the investigations. Echocardiography was done by the same cardiologist, who was a part of the study group, for all the patients.

Results:
The study cohort included 69 males and 11 females. The age ranged from 36 years to 76 years. The most common abnormality noted was left ventricular hypertrophy 48 (60%). Diastolic dysfunction was observed in 33 (41.5%). The other abnormalities noted include: left ventricular dilatation 5 (6.25%), dilated left atrium 13 (16.25%), increase in pulmonary artery pressure 15 (18.75%), and right ventricular dysfunction 10 (12.5%).

Conclusion:
Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a common but silent entity. A high index of suspicion is to be kept for this entity while managing patients with cirrhosis. The existence of this entity, if known, will be helpful in the management of patients during procedures or diseases that place stress on the heart. The use of newer modalities of imaging such as tissue Doppler imaging and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography is more sensitive than conventional echocardiography for identifying cardiac dysfunction.
Persistent eosinophilia and associated organ involvement in Thai patients with systemic sclerosis: Data from the Siriraj scleroderma cohort
Authors: Punjasamanvong Somsak , Muangchan Chayawee 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of persistent eosinophilia and associated organ complications in Thai patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).
Patients and methods: This post-hoc study included 107 adult patients (23 males, 84 females; mean age: 50.4±11.6 years; range, 18 to 79 years) diagnosed with SSc between November 2013 and June 2017. Eosinophilia was defined as an absolute eosinophil count of >500/μL or a percentage count of >7%. Eosinophil levels collected at every visit over one year were categorized as persistently high (PH), persistently low (PL), high-to-low (HL), low-to-high (LH), or variable levels (VL). The study compared variables between PH and non-PH (PL+HL+LH+VL) groups. The patients with baseline eosinophilia were also identified and compared with the non-eosinophilia group.
Results: The median disease duration was 3.2 years. Of the patients, 79.4% had diffuse cutaneous SSc and 76.7% had anti-Scl-70 positivity. A total of 11.2%, 66.4%, 1.9%, 8.4%, and 12.1% of the patients were categorized into the PH, PL, HL, LH, and VL groups, respectively. Compared to non-PH groups, the PH group had a higher prevalence of anti-centromere antibody (ACA), higher baseline percent predicted total lung capacity, and lower baseline C-reactive protein and creatine phosphokinase (p<0.05 for all). The ACA positivity (odds ratio [OR]: 18.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.64-208.46) was associated with PH. The patients with baseline eosinophilia (17.8%) had a higher prevalence of non-specific interstitial pneumonia with periodic eosinophilia at the time of diagnosis (100% vs. 6.5%, p<0.0001; OR: 4.667; 95% CI: 1.712-12.724).
Conclusion: The PH was seldom (11%) in patients with SSc compared to periodic eosinophilia, which was more prevalent (18%). It may be related to ACA positivity and better pulmonary outcomes, whereas periodic eosinophilia may involve interstitial lung disease.
Contemporary And Lawful Basics Of Islamic Banking In The Light Of Teaching Of Prohet (SAW)- An Analytical Study
Authors: Ammarah Khan  , Prof. Dr. Tahira Basharat  
Published: December 2021

Islam is a universal religion and relevant for all ages. Islam has its own social, political and economic principles based on the Qur’an and Sunnah; which are designed for the betterment of mankind. This paper is related to the basic concepts of Islamic Banking with a focus on the Practical issues of Interest (Riba). In Islam, Interest is strictly prohibited contrary to western ways of banking. Hence, since the last couple of years as banking has gained popularity in Pakistan, many people have raised questions on whether the banking system in Pakistan is interest free or not. This is one of the issues addressed in the paper. Moreover, many western and eastern economists have debated that banking cannot be done without interest. Islam on the contrary proves that interest free banking can be established and also devises a definite method to do so. Shedding light on this issue, this research article also keenly discusses Islamic Banking and its roots according to Sharia and also evaluates the Revolution, significance, Criticism, and Objectives of Islamic Banking.
Inovasi Media Pendidikan di Indonesia
Authors: Arifin Pramita Putri , Matondang Nurul Endah Amara Fitri Sam Br , Pratiwi Dian Dhini , Reymundus Rendra 
Published: December 2021

Pendidikan merupakan hal yang penting dalam membentuk peradaban bangsa. Sebab di dalamnya terdapat proses pembelajaran, dimana guru mengajarkan pengetahuan baru kepada peserta didik. Pada konteks ini guru berperan penting dalam menyampaikan dan mengajarkan pengetahuan tersebut kepada peserta didik. Maka media pendidikan menjadi perantara interaksi antara guru dan siswa selama pembelajaran. Untuk dapat mencapai tujuan-tujuan pembelajaran sekaligus tuntutan zaman yang dinamis maka guru dituntut tidak hanya mampu menggunakan media pendidikan tetapi juga diperlukannya inovasi media pendidikan. Kajian mengenai "Inovasi Media Pendidikan" ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan yaitu dilakukan dengan mengekplorasi dan/atau menelaah beberapa jurnal, buku, dan dokumen-dokumen (elektronik maupun cetak) serta sumber-sumber informasi atau data lainnya yang sesuai atau relevan dengan kajian. Hasil dari kajian didapati bahwa Inovasi media pendidikan adalah ide, produk atau suatu hal baru tentang media yang digunakan sebagai alat dan bahan pengajaran yang bermaksud untuk meningkatkan efektifitas dan efisiensi dalan pengajaran. Tentunya media pendidikan memiliki ciri umum, fungsi hingga manfaat dalam pembelajaran. Contoh inovasi media pendidikan di antaranya poster, papan atau buku interaktif, alat peraga, lagu, video, permainan, aplikasi berbasis teknologi, dan buku teks digital.
Strategi Pemasaran Produk Asuransi Syariah di PT. Prudential Life Assurance Cabang Kota Medan
Authors: Gurning Febby Ayu Syahputri , Aslami Nuri 
Published: December 2021

Human life in modern times has various kinds of risks and dangers. Man himself does not know what will happen tomorrow and where he will die world. Insurance is a financial tool for managing home life, both in terms of facing an underlying risk, such as the chance of mortality, and in terms of protecting one's personal belongings. In the marketing process, a strategy is needed essential, the company's main target in a broad market reach. So that a strategy is required before entering the market, all of the plans have been consolidated, comprehensive, And included to make sure that the company's last purpose may be found out via the implementation of the suitable strategy. Study The reason for this observation is to choose and evaluate (segmentation, targeting, and positioning) at PT. Prudential Life Assurance Medan City Branch, in addition to to decide whether or not the advertising plan is carried out according with sharia advertising characteristics. This study employs a qualitative technique while doing descriptive research. The findings revealed that the market segmentation (segmenting) conducted by PT. Prudential Life Assurance Medan City Branch based on per market grouping region. To make it easier for Prudential to meet and greet its customers return. Targeting, in determining the target market covered by PT. Prudential Life Assurance Medan City Branch there is no certain limit, the company serves all market segment.
Keywoard : Strategy, Marketing, Sharia Insurance, PT. Prudential Life Assurance Branch Medan City.