bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients' perceptions of telehealth services for outpatient treatment of substance use disorders during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Sugarman Dawn E. , Busch Alisa B. , McHugh R. Kathryn , Bogunovic Olivera J. , Trinh Catherine D. , Weiss Roger D. , Greenfield Shelly F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe rapid scale‐up of telehealth services for substance use disorders (SUDs) during the COVID‐19 pandemic presented a unique opportunity to investigate patient experiences with telehealth. This study examined patient perceptions of telehealth in an outpatient SUD treatment program offering individual therapy, group therapy, and medication management.MethodsTwo hundred and seventy adults receiving SUD outpatient treatment were eligible to complete a 23‐item online survey distributed by clinicians; 58 patients completed/partially completed the survey. Data were summarized with descriptive statistics.ResultsParticipants were predominately male, White, and well‐educated. The majority (86.2%) were “very satisfied” or “satisfied” with the quality of telehealth care. “Very satisfied” ratings were highest for individual therapy (90%), followed by medication management (75%) and group therapy (58%). Top reasons for liking telehealth included the ability to do it from home (90%) and not needing to spend time commuting (83%). Top reasons for disliking telehealth were not connecting as well with other members in group therapy (28%) and the ability for telehealth to be interrupted at home or work (26%).Discussion and ConclusionsTelehealth visits were a satisfactory treatment modality for most respondents receiving outpatient SUD care, especially those engaging in individual therapy. Challenges remain for telehealth group therapy.Scientific SignificanceThis is the first study examining patients' perceptions of telehealth for outpatient SUD treatment during the COVID‐19 pandemic by treatment service type. Importantly, while many participants found telehealth more accessible than in‐person treatment, there was variability with respect to the preferred mode of treatment delivery.
Functional outcomes and local control are acceptable following hand‐sewn colo‐anal anastomoses for rectal cancer: Results of long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Hudson David , Entriken Fiona , Hodder Rupert , Warner Michael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundRectal cancer that grows so close to the anal canal that an adequate distal margin cannot be achieved with a double‐stapled anastomosis (DSA) has been managed with abdominoperineal resection. Inter‐sphincteric dissection and hand‐sewn colo‐anal anastomoses (HSCAA) allows anastomosis in some cases where DSA is impossible. There are concerns that HSCAA may lead to complications, local recurrence and poor continence. Our aim was to assess our experience with HSCAA in terms of recurrence, complications, continence and quality of life.MethodsConsecutive patients at two metropolitan hospitals who underwent an ultra‐low anterior resection with hand‐sewn colo‐anal anastomoses for low rectal cancer during a 10‐year period were asked to complete a questionnaire which allowed continence and quality‐of‐life scores to be calculated. Recurrence and complication rates were obtained from a retrospective medical record review.ResultsA total of 26 patients underwent HSCAA. Six patients were not sent a questionnaire (3 deaths, 1 with ileostomy, 1 with ileostomy reversal within 3 months and one who had transferred care to another hospital). Fifteen patients returned questionnaires. Local recurrence occurred in zero cases. Two developed systemic recurrence. Four patients developed anastomotic stricture and three had anastomotic leak. Median Faecal Incontinence Severity Index score was 28 and median FIQoL scores were 3.00, 2.78, 3.86 and 3.00. One patient wished that they had had a permanent stoma rather than anastomosis.ConclusionHSCAA delivered good local control of rectal cancer and high avoidance of permanent stoma. Faecal continence is impaired; however, the results are acceptable to the majority of patients.
Midline versus anterolateral incisions for total knee arthroplasty—a systematic review and analysis of the angiosomes of the knee
Authors: Slattery David , Langston Joseph , Shumack Matthew , Young David , Taylor Ian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe most common incision for total knee arthroplasty is the anterior midline incision; however, it is commonly associated with lateral knee numbness, kneeling difficulties and restricted flexion range. We sought to review the literature regarding the neurovascular supply and angiosomes over the anterior knee, and evaluate the anterolateral incision as a viable alternative for knee arthroplasty.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed searching PUBMED, MEDLINE and EMBASE to evaluate the incisions available for total knee arthroplasty with respect to neurological function, kneeling ability and complications.ResultsTen studies were identified evaluating midline or anterolateral incisions for total knee arthroplasty, with a total of 664 knees for analysis. Mean patient age was 68 years (45–88), and average length of followup was 1 year. A total of 586 had an anterior midline incision and 78 had an anterolateral incision. A total of 62% of anterior midline incisions sustained altered sensation compared to 15% (12/78) of anterolateral incisions (p < 0.0001). Incision length was similar in both groups (19.8 cm midline vs. 20.8 cm anterolateral). Wound dehiscence was not significantly different between the two groups being 8.3% for midline incisions, and 2.5% for anterolateral incisions (p = 0.153). Kneeling ability was reported in two studies which reported an improved ability to kneel with an anterolateral incision.ConclusionsThe lateral parapatellar incision respects the neurovascular anatomy of the knee and offers a significant reduction in sensory changes, better kneeling ability and similar rates of wound problems to a standard midline incision and should be considered as a viable alternative for knee arthroplasty.
A prediction model could foresee adequate height response in children eligible for growth hormone treatment
Authors: Ly Helena‐Jamin , Fors Hans , Nilsson Staffan , Dahlgren Jovanna 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimPrediction models may be useful in accurately identifying children who will benefit from growth hormone (GH) treatment. We aimed to validate the Gothenburg prediction model for this purpose.MethodsThe study included prepubertal children with GH deficiency who started treatment with GH during 2004‐2016 at Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, based on a first‐year growth prediction of ≥0.7 SDS in height according to the Gothenburg prediction model on a GH dose of 33 μg/kg/day. Observed heights retrieved from medical charts were compared with predicted heights.ResultsThe study included 121 patients (64% boys) with at least one year of data after the start of GH treatment. The median (range) GH dose was 30 (10–43) µg/kg/day for the first year and age at start of treatment was 5.32 (3–11.8) years. The model correctly excluded poor responders resulting in 119/121 (98%) patients having a height gain of at least ≥0.5 SDS in a year. However, the model underestimated relatively low predictions and overestimated relatively high predictions, with a residual standard deviation of 0.31 SDS.ConclusionBy using a validated prediction model for GH in a clinical context, unnecessarily treating short children with an expected poor height outcome can be avoided.
Beyond prevention: Regulating responses to self‐regulation failure to avoid a set‐back effect
Authors: Adriaanse Marieke A. , ten Broeke Pam 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDespite having good intentions, people fail at times to self‐regulate. Most of these instances of everyday self‐regulation failure are in themselves trivial. However, the ensuing chain of attributions, thoughts, and subsequent behaviors that people experience after an instance of failure may be detrimental to their long‐term self‐regulation success. In two studies, we examined the potential of intervening in the aftermath of failure to prevent this so‐called “setback effect” by instructing people that setbacks may occur and to attribute future incidents of failure to external causes. In Study 1, we tested whether the intervention indeed decreased the frequency of self‐regulation failure in the context of dieting and procrastination. In Study 2, we aimed to replicate the findings from Study 1 in the context of procrastination, and we explored the mediating role of self‐efficacy. In both studies, participants in the intervention condition experienced less self‐regulation failure and more subjective self‐regulation success in the days after the intervention. Study 2 demonstrated that this effect was partly mediated by an increase in self‐efficacy. Taken together, findings suggest that a simple mindset manipulation promoting external attributions to failure may be effective in preventing a setback effect from occurring by protecting self‐efficacy.
Clinical significance of TP53 mutations in adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Sakamoto Yuma , Ishida Takashi , Masaki Ayako , Murase Takayuki , Takeshita Morishige , Muto Reiji , Iwasaki Hiromi , Ito Asahi , Kusumoto Shigeru , Nakano Nobuaki , Tokunaga Masahito , Yonekura Kentaro , Tashiro Yukie , Iida Shinsuke , Utsunomiya Atae , Ueda Ryuzo , Inagaki Hiroshi 
Published: August 2021

SummaryAdult T‐cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL) patients have a poor prognosis. Here, we investigated the impact of TP53 gene mutations on prognosis of ATL treated in different ways. Among 177 patients, we identified 47 single nucleotide variants or insertion‐deletions (SNVs/indels) of the TP53 gene in 37 individuals. TP53 copy number variations (CNVs) were observed in 38 patients. Altogether, 67 of 177 patients harboured TP53 SNVs/indels or TP53 CNVs, and were categorized as having TP53 mutations. In the entire cohort, median survival of patients with and without TP53 mutations was 1·0 and 6·7 years respectively (P < 0·001). After allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), median survival of patients with (n = 16) and without (n = 29) TP53 mutations was 0·4 years and not reached respectively (P = 0·001). For patients receiving mogamulizumab without allogeneic HSCT, the median survival from the first dose of antibody in patients with TP53 mutations (n = 27) was only 0·9 years, but 5·1 years in those without (n = 42; P < 0·001). Thus, TP53 mutations are associated with unfavourable prognosis of ATL, regardless of treatment strategy. The establishment of alternative modalities to overcome the adverse impact of TP53 mutations in patients with ATL is required.
PML‐RARA transcript levels at the end of induction therapy are associated with prognosis in non‐high‐risk acute promyelocytic leukaemia with all‐trans retinoic acid plus arsenic in front‐line therapy: long‐term follow‐up of a single‐centre cohort study
Authors: Tang Fei‐Fei , Lu Sheng‐Ye , Zhao Xiao‐Su , Qin Ya‐Zhen , Liu Xiao‐Hong , Jia Jin‐Song , Wang Jing , Gong Li‐Zhong , Jiang Qian , Zhao Ting , Shi Hong‐Xia , Chang Ying-Jun , Huang Xiao-Jun , Jiang Hao 
Published: August 2021

SummaryDespite the high cure probability for acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), a minority of patients will relapse and the risk factors for relapse are unclear. We retrospectively analysed 212 patients who were diagnosed with non‐high‐risk APL and received all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) plus arsenic as front‐line therapy at Peking University Institute of Hematology from February 2014 to December 2018. A total of 176 patients (83%) received oral arsenic (realgar‐indigo naturalis formula) plus ATRA, 36 patients (17%) received arsenic trioxide plus ATRA and 203 patients were evaluable for relapse. After a median (range) follow‐up of 53·6 (24·3–85·4) months, two patients had molecular relapse and eight had haematological relapse. A promyelocytic leukaemia/retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML‐RARA) transcript level of ≥6·5% at the end of induction therapy was associated with relapse (P = 0·031). The 5‐year cumulative incidence of relapse, event‐free survival and overall survival were 5·5%, 92·3% and 96·3% respectively. In conclusion, the present long‐term follow‐up study further confirmed the high cure probability of ATRA plus oral arsenic as front‐line therapy for non‐high‐risk APL and showed that the PML‐RARA transcript level at the end of induction therapy was associated with relapse.
B cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Miyazaki Yusei , Niino Masaaki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractB cells have been implicated in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS) since initial observations in the 1940s of elevated immunoglobulin concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients. However, the precise mechanism of their involvement has not been elucidated until recently, mainly owing to the technical difficulty of studying this cell population in humans. In this context, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a putative animal model of MS, has profoundly contributed to our understanding of B cells in this disease. B cells are now recognized to contribute to MS pathology through the production of autoantibodies, antigen presentation to T cells, secretion of effector cytokines, recognition of microbe‐associated molecules and the induction of ectopic lymphoid follicles in the meninges. All these activities of B cells in MS have been recapitulated in various types of EAE models. Although EAE does not reflect all aspects of MS, it is a useful tool to dissect the complex pathology of this disease if the model selected appropriately reflects the aspect of MS under interest. This is especially true for the study of B cells in MS, as the roles of these cells differ substantially among different EAE models. Even with this limitation, EAE will further enhance our understanding of the role played by B cells in MS.
Molecular autopsy by proxy in preconception counseling
Authors: Ali Alghamdi Malak , Alrasheedi Ameinah , Alghamdi Esra , Adly Nouran , AlAali Wajeih Y. , Alhashem Amal , Alshahrani Abdulaziz , Shamseldin Hanan , Alkuraya Fowzan S. , Alfadhel Majid 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMonogenic diseases that result in early pregnancy loss or neonatal death are genetically and phenotypically highly variable. This often poses significant challenges in arriving at a molecular diagnosis for reproductive planning. Molecular autopsy by proxy (MABP) refers to the genetic testing of relatives of deceased individuals to deduce the cause of death. Here, we specifically tested couples who lost one or more children/pregnancies with no available DNA. We developed our testing strategy using whole exome sequencing data from 83 consanguineous Saudi couples. We detected the shared carrier state of 50 pathogenic variants/likely pathogenic variants in 43 families and of 28 variants of uncertain significance in 24 families. Negative results were seen in 16 couples after variant reclassification. In 10 families, the risk of more than one genetic disease was documented. Secondary findings were seen in 10 families: either genetic variants with potential clinical consequences for the tested individual or a female carrier for X‐linked conditions. This couple‐based approach has enabled molecularly informed genetic counseling for 52% (43/83 families). Given the predominance of autosomal recessive causes of pregnancy and child death in consanguineous populations, MABP can be a helpful approach to consanguineous couples who seek counseling but lack molecular data on their deceased offspring.
Neonatal brachial plexus palsy and hand representation in children and young adults
Authors: Van der Looven Ruth , Hermans Linda , Coupe Anna Maria , De Muynck Martine , Vingerhoets Guy 
Published: August 2021

AimTo assess the impact of neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) on higher‐order hand representation.MethodEighty‐two left‐handed children and adolescents with and without right‐sided NBPP were recruited. Thirty‐one participants with NBPP (mean age [SD] 11y 4mo [4y 4mo]; age range 6y 2mo–21y 0mo; 15 females; C5–6, n=4, C5–7, n=12, C5–T1, n=11, C5–T1 with Horner sign, n=4) were assessed along with 30 controls (mean age 11y 5mo [4y 4mo]; age range 6y 7mo–21y 7mo; 14 females). Participants’ estimated hand size and shape on measure of implicit and explicit hand representation was assessed. A linear mixed model (LMM) was used to investigate the effect of condition, sensorimotor impairment, and age.ResultsIndividuals with NBPP showed a significant difference in implicit hand representation between affected and non‐affected hands. LMM confirmed a significant influence of the severity of sensorimotor injury. Only the estimated implicit hand representation was associated with age, with a significant difference between 6‐ to 8‐year‐olds and 9‐ to 10‐year‐olds.InterpretationThe effect of sensorimotor impairment on central hand representation in individuals with NBPP is specific due to its implicit component and is characterized by finger length underestimation in the affected hand compared to the characteristic underestimation in the unaffected hand. Neither NBPP nor age impacted the explicit hand estimate. This study confirms the importance of sensorimotor contribution to the development of implicit hand representation.
The bidirectional longitudinal association between depressive symptoms and HbA1c: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Beran Magdalena , Muzambi Rutendo , Geraets Anouk , Albertorio‐Diaz Juan Rafael , Adriaanse Marcel C. , Iversen Marjolein M. , Kokoszka Andrzej , Nefs Giesje , Nouwen Arie , Pouwer Frans , Huber Jörg W. , Schmitt Andreas , Schram Miranda T. ,   for the European Depression in Diabetes (EDID) Research Consortium
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate whether there is a bidirectional longitudinal association of depression with HbA1c.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL and EMBASE for observational, longitudinal studies published from January 2000 to September 2020, assessing the association between depression and HbA1c in adults. We assessed study quality with the Newcastle‐Ottawa‐Scale. Pooled effect estimates were reported as partial correlation coefficients (rp) or odds ratios (OR).ResultsWe retrieved 1642 studies; 26 studies were included in the systematic review and eleven in the meta‐analysis. Most studies (16/26) focused on type 2 diabetes. Study quality was rated as good (n = 19), fair (n = 2) and poor (n = 5). Of the meta‐analysed studies, six investigated the longitudinal association between self‐reported depressive symptoms and HbA1c and five the reverse longitudinal association, with a combined sample size of n = 48,793 and a mean follow‐up of 2 years. Higher levels of baseline depressive symptoms were associated with subsequent higher levels of HbA1c (partial r = 0.07; [95% CI 0.03, 0.12]; I238%). Higher baseline HbA1c values were also associated with 18% increased risk of (probable) depression (OR = 1.18; [95% CI 1.12,1.25]; I20.0%).ConclusionsOur findings support a bidirectional longitudinal association between depressive symptoms and HbA1c. However, the observed effect sizes were small and future research in large‐scale longitudinal studies is needed to confirm this association. Future studies should investigate the role of type of diabetes and depression, diabetes distress and diabetes self‐management behaviours. Our results may have clinical implications, as depressive symptoms and HbA1c levels could be targeted concurrently in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and depression.RegistrationPROSPERO ID CRD42019147551.
Classification of complications of epilepsy surgery and invasive diagnostic procedures: A proposed protocol and feasibility study
Authors: Bjellvi Johan , Cross J. Helen , Gogou Maria , Leclercq Mathilde , Rheims Sylvain , Ryvlin Philippe , Sperling Michael R. , Rydenhag Bertil , Malmgren Kristina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveIn epilepsy surgery, which aims to treat seizures and thereby to improve the lives of persons with drug‐resistant epilepsy, the chances of attaining seizure relief must be carefully weighed against the risks of complications and expected adverse events. The interpretation of data regarding complications of epilepsy surgery and invasive diagnostic procedures is hampered by a lack of uniform definitions and method of data collection.MethodsBased on a review of previous definitions and classifications of complications, we developed a proposal for a new classification. This proposal was then subject to revisions after expert opinion within E‐pilepsy, an EU‐funded European pilot network of reference centers in refractory epilepsy and epilepsy surgery, later incorporated into the ERN (European Reference Network) EpiCARE. This version was discussed with recognized experts, and a final protocol was agreed to after further revision. The final protocol was evaluated in practical use over 1 year in three of the participating centers. One hundred seventy‐four consecutive procedures were included with 35 reported complications.ResultsThis report presents a multidimensional classification of complications in epilepsy surgery and invasive diagnostic procedures, where complications are characterized in terms of their immediate effects, resulting permanent symptoms, and consequences on activities of daily living.SignificanceWe propose that the protocol will be helpful in the work to promote safety in epilepsy surgery and for future studies designed to identify risk factors for complications. Further work is needed to address the reporting of outcomes as regards neuropsychological function, activities of daily living, and quality of life.
G‐quadruplexes in the mitochondrial genome – a cause for instability
Authors: Sarkar Sneha , Nambiar Mridula 
Published: August 2021

Accumulation of mutations such as deletions in mitochondrial DNA is associated with ageing, cancer and human genetic disorders. These deletions are often flanked by GC‐skewed sequence motifs that can potentially fold into secondary non‐B DNA conformations. G‐quadruplexes are emerging as key initiators of mitochondrial genomic instability. In this issue, Dahal et al provide an in silico analysis of sequence motifs that can fold into altered DNA structures in mitochondrial genomic regions that contain frequent deletions. They show the formation of five G‐quadruplexes near such frequent breakpoints using biochemical and biophysical approaches in vitro and more importantly inside mammalian cells.Comment on: https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.16113