bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Violência Obstétrica: da Condição de Vulnerabilidade aos Danos Emocionais Obstetric Violence: from the Condition of Vulnerability to Emotional Damage
Authors: Teixeira Paulo Tadeu Ferreira 
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O descomedimento de intervenções no parto no Brasil tem sido reportado como violência obstétrica e contribui para os índices elevados morbi-mortalidade materna e neonatal e sendo bastante discutido nas últimas décadas. Contudo, discussões sobre a violência obstétrica ainda tem se mostrado embrionário, necessitando um acréscimo mais aprofundado referente ás discussões da temática. Após a revisão das pesquisas realizadas sobre o assunto, analisou-se que não há uma consonância em relação ao conceito de violência obstétrica no Brasil, embora as evidências indiquem que essa prática ocorra. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem como objetivo geral investigar a violência obstétrica, ressaltando as repercussões psíquicas comportamentais desse evento e as demandas postas à Psicologia como forma de contribuir para seu enfrentamento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão de literatura, cujo levantamento de dados ocorreu entre Fevereiro de 2021 a Julho de 2021. Para acontextualização e análise do problema, realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico, utilizando fontes científicas indexadas nas bases de dados: Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia (PePSIC), BVS PSI e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Feito isso, verificou-se que a violência obstétrica acontece, em geral, por meio de ações ao corpo físico e no âmbito psicológico da mulher podendo refletir no neonato. Assim, inclui procedimentos médicos desnecessários, agressões verbais, dentre outras condutas dos profissionais de saúde. Conclui-se que as sequelas psicológicas dessa violência implicam em medo, angústias e perda de perspectivas futuras. Considerando a importância desse tema, é essencial que outros estudos sejam realizados, a fim de ampliar e aprofundar a discussão para divulgar e diminuir esses eventos.
Memória e Ditadura: Diálogos com a Literatura / Memory and Dictatorship: Dialogues with the Literature
Authors: Vieira Luanna Michaelly Soares Rodrigues , Amorim José Edilson 
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O objetivo do presente texto é apresentar as potencialidades da literatura no que se refere a capacidade de (re)elaborações de memórias de prisões políticas e tortura no Brasil. Neste artigo será feito uma reflexão de uma memória doída e traumática, tomando a literatura como testemunho e fonte histórica, será considerado produções literárias como o poema “ Os primeiros tempos da tortura" Alex Polari, para esta análise. Para tecer tais reflexões serão acionadas perspectivas importantes no campo discutido, a exemplo de BOSI (1996) DUFRENNE (1969) e ADORNO 2003).
A utilização de antioxidantes orais na fotoproteção: revisão sistemática
Authors: Aquino de Ávila Luma , Teixeira Primo Fabian 
Published: August 2021

A exposição excessiva à radiação solar é um dos principais contribuintes para o desenvolvimento do câncer de pele e fotoenvelhecimento. A fotoproteção oral tem sido utilizada como uma nova estratégia para o cuidado da pele, mesmo não sendo utilizada no lugar dos filtros solares tópicos ela pode agir de forma complementar a estes. Os antioxidantes orais parecem ser bons candidatos para reduzir os danos mediados pela radiação ultravioleta e prevenir as consequências para a saúde em razão da exposição excessiva. O objetivo deste estudo é revisar sistematicamente a utilização de antioxidantes orais na fotoproteção, identificando quais os principais antioxidantes orais existentes com evidências científicas comprovadas, evidenciando o mecanismo de ação de cada um deles, bem como demonstrar os possíveis efeitos no fotoenvelhecimento e câncer de pele. Para isso foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados: Science Direct, Pubmed, Scielo e Lilacs. Os critérios utilizados para a seleção dos artigos foram: artigos científicos relacionados com a temática em estudo, artigos disponíveis integralmente na internet, estudos pré-clínico in vitro e em animais (in vivo) e estudos clínicos em humanos. Um total de 16 artigos abordaram acerca de substâncias que possuem potenciais antioxidantes e que são candidatas a fornecer os efeitos fotoprotetores contra radiação UV. No entanto, não foi verificada nenhuma substância com evidência científica comprovada, quanto ao mecanismo de ação, foram encontradas poucas evidências e essas ainda são preliminares. E os efeitos antienvelhecimento e anticarcinogênico, nenhuma substância evidenciou a capacidade de atenuar estes danos.
“We Own Kano and Kano Owns Us”: Politics, Place, and Identity in Independence-Era Kano
Authors: Reynolds Jonathan T. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The short period leading up to and following Nigerian independence was one of dramatic political maneuvering and change in Nigeria’s Northern Region. For much of the 1950s, this political contest pitted the conservative Northern People’s Congress against the more radical Northern Elements Progressive Union. Each party sought to create broad political movements that could appeal to the region’s diverse ethnicities as well as the often competing perspectives of the region’s Qadiriyya and Tijaniyya Sufi Brotherhoods. Despite the efforts of the region’s political parties and leadership, events in the early independence period led to the creation of a new breakaway political party (the Kano People’s Party) in Kano, the Northern Region’s largest and most economically important city. This development forced both the Northern People’s Congress and Northern Elements Progressive Union to reframe their stances on a number of religious issues relating to the brotherhoods and also saw dramatic shifts in political allegiance in Kano and its environs. The advent of the Kano People’s Party highlights the complexity of the region’s overlapping systems of identity and the unexpected triumph of local, ethnic, and religious particularism over wider political affiliation during the period of transition from decolonization to independence.
La courte période qui a précédé et suivi l’indépendance du Nigéria a été marquée par des manœuvres et des changements politiques spectaculaires dans la région du nord du Nigéria. Pendant une grande partie des années 50, cette lutte politique a opposé le Congrès populaire du Nord conservateur à la plus radicale Union progressiste des éléments du Nord. Chaque parti a cherché à créer de larges mouvements politiques susceptibles d’attirer les diverses ethnies de la région ainsi que les perspectives souvent opposées des confréries soufies Qadiriyya et Tijaniyya de la région. Malgré les efforts des partis politiques et des dirigeants de la région, les événements du début de l’indépendance ont conduit à la création d’un nouveau parti politique séparatiste (le Parti populaire de Kano) à Kano, la ville la plus grande et la plus importante de la région du Nord au niveau de l’économie. Cette évolution a forcé à la fois le Congrès du peuple du Nord et l’Union progressiste des éléments du Nord à recadrer leurs positions sur un certain nombre de questions religieuses liées aux confréries et a également vu des changements dramatiques dans l’allégeance politique à Kano et dans ses environs. L’avènement du Parti populaire de Kano met en lumière la complexité des systèmes d’identité qui se chevauchent dans la région, et le triomphe inattendu du particularisme local, ethnique et religieux sur l’affiliation politique en général pendant la période de transition de la décolonisation à l’indépendance.
Comparative study on growth traits and ions regulation of zoysiagrasses under varied salinity treatments
Authors: Zhang Zhenming , Hu Huaguang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSalt stress affects plant physiology, development, and growth. This research investigated varied salinity levels on growth traits and ions accumulation of four zoysiagrasses and aimed to identify phenotypic traits associated with variability in salinity tolerance. In this study, “S001” zoysiagrass (Zoysia sinica), “Diamond” zoysiagrass (Zoysia matrella), “J026” zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica), and “M001” zoysiagrass (Zoysia macrostachya) were grown in plastic pots and exposed to 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution amended with different amounts of NaCl for 120 days. At the end of the experiment, growth traits and ion contents were determined. The results showed that the salt-tolerance of four zoysiagrasses ranked as “M001” > “Diamond” > “J026” > “S001” according to percent green leaf canopy area (GLCA) after 120 days of salinity treatment. Although dry leaf weight, leaf length/width, and shoot height were significantly decreased by salinity treatments for all turfgrasses, the salt-tolerant species had a smaller drop. Besides, ions secretion capacity and Na+concentration in leaf and root increased, but K+concentration together with leaf and root K+/Na+ratios decreased with the increasing concentration of the salinity. However, the salt-tolerant species exhibited strong K+absorption and transportation ability and a high salt secretion capacity. The results indicated that growth traits and ions regulation were related to variability in tolerance of diverse zoysiagrasses to salt stress.
Age- and sex-dependent reference intervals for uric acid estimated by the truncated minimum chi-square (TMC) approach, a new indirect method
Authors: Haeckel Rainer , Wosniok Werner , Torge Antje , Junker Ralf 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Although the concentration of uric acid in serum or plasma is known to depend on sex and age and is subject to diurnal variation, the influence of these covariates on the reference interval (RI) is often neglected. Consequently, the values in the literature vary considerably. Therefore, we reinvestigated the reference limits and their dependence on covariates.

Methods
A new indirect approach was applied which derives a continuous function between age and RIs avoiding the usual “jumps” between various age groups.

Results
It is confirmed that the uric acid concentration in women is lower than in men. The RIs increase with age, in women more than in men. Between 80 and 90 years of age, the upper RI limit (RL) approximately reaches the same level in both sexes. Because the uric acid concentration may indicate renal insufficiency, the concentrations of creatinine and cystatin C were also measured. Both measurands showed the same behaviour as uric acid. Therefore, the age and sex dependency should be considered if the uric acid concentration is used as an indicator for hyperuricaemia (e.g. caused by gout or other metabolic diseases). Furthermore, a diurnal variation was observed.

Conclusions
Due to the variations of various covariates (age, sex, daytime, analytical systems), it is recommended that each laboratory should estimate its own RIs.
Evaluation of a novel immunochromatographic assay using silver amplification technology for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from throat swab samples in pediatric patients
Authors: Ishiguro Nobuhisa , Kikuta Hideaki , Konno Mutsuko , Sato Rikako , Manabe Atsushi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the common causative pathogens of community-acquired respiratory tract infections mainly in children and young adults. Rapid and accurate diagnostic techniques for identifying the causative pathogen would be useful for initiating treatment with an appropriate antibiotic. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a novel immunochromatographic assay using silver amplification technology using FUJI DRI-CHEM IMMUNO AG2 and FUJI DRI-CHEM IMMUNO AG cartridge Myco (FUJIFILM Co., Tokyo, Japan) for detection of M. pneumoniae.

Methods
Throat swab samples were collected from 170 pediatric patients who were diagnosed with bronchitis or pneumonia. The silver amplification immunochromatographic (SAI) assay was performed using these samples and the results were compared with those of real-time PCR. The time required for the SAI assay is approximately 20 min (5 min for sample preparation and 15 min for waiting time after starting the assay).

Results
The sensitivity and specificity of the SAI assay for detection of M. pneumoniae were 85.2 and 99.1%, respectively, and the assay showed positive and negative predictive values of 98.1 and 92.3%, respectively, compared with the results of real-time PCR. The diagnostic accuracy was 94.1%.

Conclusions
FUJI DRI-CHEM IMMUNO AG2 and FUJI DRI-CHEM IMMUNO AG cartridge Myco are appropriate for clinical use. The optimal timing of this assay is five days or more after the onset of M. pneumoniae infection. However, PCR or other molecular methods are superior, especially with regard to sensitivity and negative predictive value.
Review of potentials and limitations of indirect approaches for estimating reference limits/intervals of quantitative procedures in laboratory medicine
Authors: Haeckel Rainer , Wosniok Werner , Streichert Thomas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Reference intervals (RIs) can be determined by direct and indirect procedures. Both approaches identify a reference population from which the RIs are defined. The crucial difference between direct and indirect methods is that direct methods select particular individuals after individual anamnesis and medical examination have confirmed the absence of pathological conditions. These individuals form a reference subpopulation. Indirect methods select a reference subpopulation in which the individuals are not identified. They isolate a reference population from a mixed population of patients with pathological and non-pathological conditions by statistical reasoning.
At present, the direct procedure internationally recommended is the “gold standard”. It has, however, the disadvantage of high expenses which cannot easily be afforded by most medical laboratories. Therefore, laboratories adopt RIs established by direct methods from external sources requiring a high responsibility for transference problems which are usually neglected by most laboratories. These difficulties can be overcome by indirect procedures which can easily be performed by most laboratories without causing economic problems.
The present review focuses on indirect approaches. Various procedures are presented with their benefits and limitations. Preliminary simulation studies indicate that more recently developed concepts are superior to older approaches.
Adaptation of the food choice questionnaire – Digitalization of the word association method
Authors: Biró Barbara , Gere Attila 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the last decade, bread consumption was decreasing in Hungary (from 44.5 kg to 34.4 kg/capita). Our aim is to identify the factors influencing the consumption of different bread and bakery products, using the Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ).FCQ is frequently used to explore factors (e.g., price, packaging, etc.) influencing the purchase of different food products. The adapted version of the FCQ for breads and bakery products is not yet available in Hungarian language. Word association (WA) and triangulation methods are usually used in the adaptation process.Due to COVID-19, WA method was performed with a newly developed application presenting six photos of breads. This was completed by 193 participants. Responses were analysed using a categorizing triangulation technique, based on which the FCQ was modified.In this study, we present the implementation and the results of the digitalized WA method and its use in the adaptation process of the FCQ.
Research of efficiency of solar coating in the heat supply system
Authors: Shapoval Stepan , Spodyniuk Nadiia , Datsko Oleksandra , Shapoval Pavlo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
According to the energy development strategy of Ukraine, implementation of energy efficient buildings is needed, in which external protections are converters of solar energy into heat. The article presents studies of solar coating with direct coolant supply. Studies of the average value of the heat loss coefficient of the solar coating were also carried out. As a result, the efficiency of the solar coating under the mode of forced circulation of the coolant is 0.67, at natural circulation of the coolant – 0.57 and at its direct supply is 0.71. Experimental researches of thermal and physical parameters of a solar covering and system of heat supply on its basis showed in the corresponding dependences influence on its thermal characteristics of dynamic modes of the heat carrier, energy, kinetic characteristics of the environment.
Image guided biopsy/FNAC in head and neck cancers in covid 19 pandemic
Authors: Kantharia Rajesh A , Ganta Roopa , Kantharia Shehnaz R , Shah Bhavin Bhupendra 
Published: August 2021

Suspected growth in the region of base of tongue, pharynx, and larynx need direct/indirect laryngoscopy for establishing Diagnosis and for Staging of the disease. The Covid 19 Pandemic has severely affected these modes of examination because they are Aerosol Generating Procedures and carry very high risk of transmission of the Virus. The Department of Head And Neck Oncosurgery at KCHRC is one of the busiest department at our Institute with an average annual footfall of around 20,000 new patients. The main objective of our study is to know the role of Image Guided Biopsy/FNAC for primary diagnosis in Head and Neck Cancers. Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 35 patients was done from April to September 2020. Histopathological records along with patient’s clinical records were reviewed. Of the 35 patients, 23 patients underwent CT Guided biopsies, 11 patients had CT Guided FNA and one patient had USG guided biopsy. In 23 patients (CT Guided Biopsy), the biopsy was taken from tongue in 16 patients, Larynx in two patient, Pyriform sinus(PFS), posterior pharyngeal wall, RMT (retromolar trigone), lower GBS and Tonsil sites had one patient each. Of the 11 CT Guided FNAC patients, the site of FNA was from PFS in 7 patients, Tongue in 2 patients RMT and soft palate had one patient each. One patient had undergone USG Guided biopsy for PFS lesion. Out of 35 patients, tissue specimen taken was adequate in 33 patients and inadequate in two patients. The results were supported both histologically and clinically. The histological confirmation was found in 88.6% cases (31/35), squamous cell carcinoma was found in 74.3% cases (26/35), no malignancy in 8.5% cases(3/35), no specific lesion in 5.7% cases(2/35), no definitive diagnosis in 2.8% cases(1/35) and in inadequate in 8.5% cases(3/35). Repeat biopsy in one patient revealed no malignancy. There were no post procedure complications noted. Image guided biopsy/FNAC is a safe, reliable minimally invasive technique and can be used for primary diagnosis of Head and Neck cancers without the risk of Aerosol generation in the current Covid -19 Pandemic.
Anatomical variation in arterial supply of liver – Case study
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Dave Mitesh R 
Published: August 2021

The variations of blood supply of liver is of great importance for general surgery, particularly hepatic surgery. Blood supply of liver is significant for liver transplantations, radiological procedures, and laparoscopic method of operation and for the healing of penetrating injuries, including the space close to the hepatic area.The pattern of the normal vascular system of the liver comes from the common hepatic artery (CHA), originating from the celiac trunk. The gastroduodenal artery (GDA), right gastric artery (RGA) and proper hepatic artery (PHA) are the main branches of the CHA. After that, the division of the PHA composes the left and right hepatic branches.During a routine dissection with medical students from the Department of Anatomy, Parul institute of Medical sciences and research Vadodara, We found on one cadaver that the blood supply of the liver differed from a normal blood supply of liver.In one cadaver we found that liver is supplied by a direct branch from celiac trunk and in same cadaver liver is also supplied by proper hepatic artery. The knowledge about the variations in hepatic arterial anatomy is very important for surgical gastroenterologists and interventional radiologists for preoperative planning and intraoperative imaging during procedures like liver transplantation, cholecystectomy, gastrectomy, hiatal hernia repair, trans-arterial chemotherapy and hepatic arteriography.
A Review on Diagnostic Methods for Trichomonas Vaginalis
Authors: Rahmani Fatemeh , Ehteshaminia Yahya , Mohammadi Hamid , Mahdavi Seif Ali 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection in the world, caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, which infects the urogenital tract of men and women. Approximately, 250 million new cases of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection are reported worldwide each year. Trichomoniasis is also considered an important HIV co-infection. The infection is often asymptomatic but can be accompanied by symptoms such as severe inflammation, itching and irritation, foamy discharge, and malodorous smell mucus, but the signs and symptoms of the disease are not sufficient for specific diagnosis.
Material and Methods: In this study, the websites of PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, and Margiran were searched and related articles were reviewed.
Results: Only screening and the use of highly sensitive and specific diagnostic methods can identify asymptomatic individuals. Today, the most common way to diagnose the infection is to use wet slide, Pap smear and culture methods that do not have high sensitivity and specificity. Also, due to the increase in infection and its complications, finding an efficient, rapid, and easy test to detect the parasite and differentiate Trichomoniasis vaginitis from other sexually transmitted diseases is considered important and necessary.
Conclusion: Nowadays, there are several diagnostic methods that differentiate trichomoniasis infection from other sexually transmitted infections with high accuracy and sensitivity. Of course, existing diagnostic methods mostly use women's urine and vaginal samples for diagnosis, and methods that specifically diagnose the infection in men are more limited.
Aplicação da Produção Mais Limpa (P+L) para melhoria da gestão de efluentes em processo de pré-impressão de bobinas de papel - um estudo de caso em uma empresa de embalagens de Curitiba
Authors: Grillón Giovanna , Maceno Marcell Mariano Corrêa , Lacerda Matheus Tavares , Fiatkoski Marcelo Vitor 
Published: August 2021

A demanda mundial por água tem aumentado por diferentes razões, tais como mudanças nos padrões de consumo da população, e mesmo pelo aumento do ritmo de produção dos mercados. Além disso, a escassez hídrica vivida por muitos países, dentre eles o Brasil, faz ressaltar a necessidade de uso consciente e preservação do recurso água, seja pelas pessoas ou pelas empresas. Desta forma, o presente artigo teve como objetivo elaborar um plano de ação para a falta de tratamento dos efluentes gerados pelo processo de pré-impressão de bobinas de papel, realizado em uma grande empresa de embalagens em Curitiba. Conduzido pela metodologia Produção Mais Limpa (P+L), cumpriram-se seis etapas para chegar ao resultado final: realizar o plano de ação para a implementação da oportunidade de melhoria selecionada. Desta forma, após a execução do plano de ação, espera-se reutilizar 95% da água proveniente do efluente tratado e reduzir o consumo hídrico da fábrica em 2,45% por mês. Assim, pretende-se atingir nível 2 da metodologia Produção Mais Limpa, o que reduziria o impacto ambiental causado pelo efluente oriundo do processo de pré-impressão de bobinas de papel.