bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a German translation of the CARE questionnaire and its implementation as electronic PROM to assess patient-reported postoperative convalescence and recovery after major urological surgery
Authors: Wessels Frederik , Lenhart Maximilian , Neuberger Manuel , Mühlbauer Julia , Huber Johannes , Breyer Johannes , Nuhn Philipp , Michel Maurice S. , Koenig Julian , Kriegmair Maximilian C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To validate a German translation of the convalescence and recovery evaluation (CARE) as an electronic patient-reported outcome measure (ePROM) and use it to assess recovery after major urological surgery.

Methods
The CARE questionnaire was provided to patients scheduled for major urological surgery preoperatively, at discharge and 6 weeks postoperatively, using an ePROM system. Cronbach’s alpha, inter-scale correlations and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to validate the translation. Mixed linear regression models were used to identify factors influencing CARE results, and a multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to determine the predictive value of CARE results on quality of life (QoL).

Results
A total of 283 patients undergoing prostatectomy (n = 146, 51%), partial/radical nephrectomy (n = 70, 25%) or cystectomy (n = 67, 24%) responded to the survey. Internal consistency was high (α = 0.649–0.920) and the CFA showed a factor loading > 0.5 in 17/27 items. Significant main effects were found for the time of survey and type of surgery, while a time by type interaction was only found for the gastrointestinal subscale ($$\chi_{(4)}^{2}$$

χ

(
4
)

2

= 30.37, p < 0.0001) and the total CARE score (TCS) ($$\chi_{(4)}^{2}$$

χ

(
4
)

2

= 13.47, p = 0.009) for cystectomy patients, meaning a greater score decrease at discharge and lower level of recovery at follow-up. Complications demonstrated a significant negative effect on the TCS ($$\chi_{(2)}^{2}$$

χ

(
2
)

2

= 8.61, p = 0.014). A high TCS at discharge was an independent predictor of a high QLQ-C30 QoL score at follow-up (OR = 5.26, 95%-CI 1.42–19.37, p = 0.013).

Conclusion
This German translation of the CARE can serve as a valid ePROM to measure recovery and predict QoL after major urological surgery.
Neurons expressing the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the locus coeruleus and island of Calleja major are novel targets of dioxin in the mouse brain
Authors: Kimura Eiki , Kohda Masanobu , Maekawa Fumihiko , Fujii-Kuriyama Yoshiaki , Tohyama Chiharu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) acts as a receptor that responds to ligands, including dioxin. The AhR–ligand complex translocates from the cytoplasm into the nucleus to induce gene expression. Because dioxin exposure impairs cognitive and neurobehavioral functions, AhR-expressing neurons need to be identified for elucidation of the dioxin neurotoxicity mechanism. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect AhR-expressing neurons in the mouse brain and confirm the specificity of the anti-AhR antibody using Ahr−/− mice. Intracellular distribution of AhR and expression level of AhR-target genes, Cyp1a1, Cyp1b1, and Ahr repressor (Ahrr), were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively, using mice exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). The mouse brains were shown to harbor AhR in neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC) and island of Calleja major (ICjM) during developmental period in Ahr+/+ mice but not in Ahr−/− mice. A significant increase in nuclear AhR of ICjM neurons but not LC neurons was found in 14-day-old mice compared to 5- and 7-day-old mice. AhR was significantly translocated into the nucleus in LC and ICjM neurons of TCDD-exposed adult mice. Additionally, the expression levels of Cyp1a1, Cyp1b1, and Ahrr genes in the brain, a surrogate of TCDD in the tissue, were significantly increased by dioxin exposure, suggesting that dioxin-activated AhR induces gene expression in LC and ICjM neurons. This histochemical study shows the ligand-induced nuclear translocation of AhR at the single-neuron level in vivo. Thus, the neurotoxicological significance of the dioxin-activated AhR in the LC and ICjM warrants further studies.
The combined impact of ankle–brachial index and transcutaneous oxygen pressure on mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and foot ulcers
Authors: Fagher Katarina , Löndahl Magnus 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aims
A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and mortality, independently of ulcer etiology (ischemic, neuro-ischemic or neuropathic). Ankle–brachial index (ABI) is the most commonly used test when diagnosing peripheral macrovascular disease and is a well-known marker for increased cardiovascular risk. Transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) is considered to better evaluate microvascular function and has in previous studies shown correlations with both wound healing and survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined impact of a low TcPO2 (<30 mmHg) and a pathological ABI (<0.9 or ≥1.4) on three-year mortality in patients with DFU.

Methods
Type 2 diabetes patients aged <90 years, with at least one DFU who underwent vascular assessment with ABI and TcPO2 were screened for participation. The primary endpoint was mortality after three years, assessed from the National Death Registry in Sweden.

Results
The study enrolled 235 participants with a median age of 76 years. Individuals with either an abnormally high or low ABI in combination with a low TcPO2 had the worst survival rates, with three-year mortality of 54%, compared to 42% in those with one abnormal variable (either ABI or TcPO2), and 21% in those with normal ABI and TcPO2.

Conclusions
Combining ABI and TcPO2 when risk stratifying DFU patients seems to provide additional predictive information, not only concerning ulcer healing and limb salvage, but also on survival.
Intradural extraarachnoid sutureless technique combined with laminoplasty for indirect repair of ventral dural defects in spontaneous intracranial hypotension: technical note and case series
Authors: Kamenova M. , Schaeren S. , Wasner M-G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
There is a significant variance in surgical treatment strategies of ventral cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks causing spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Posterior approaches might represent a preferable alternative to the more invasive anterior and lateral routes, as long as the spinal cord is not exposed to harmful manipulation. The aim of this technical note is to report and illustrate a new surgical technique using an intradural extraarachnoid sutureless technique via laminoplasty for indirect repair of ventral CSF leaks causing intractable SIH symptoms.

Methods
The surgical technique is described in a step by step fashion. Between May 2018 and May 2020, five patients with ventral spinal CSF leaks were operated on, utilizing this technique. All dural defects were located at the level of the thoracic spine. A retrospective review on demographic and radiological findings, symptoms, outcome, and follow-up was performed.

Results
The intra- and postoperative course was uneventful in all patients with no surgery-related complications. Three patients recovered completely at discharge, while neurological symptoms significantly improved in two patients. A postoperative MRI of the spine was obtained for all patients, demonstrating regressive signs of CSF leak.

Conclusion
Based on the presented case series, this intradural extraarachnoid sutureless technique combined with laminoplasty seems to be a safe and effective option for indirect repair of ventral dural defects in SIH. In our opinion, it represents a valid alternative to traditional more aggressive approaches.
Validation of a new hemifacial spasm grading questionnaire (HFS score) assessing clinical and quality of life parameters
Authors: Wabbels Bettina , Yaqubi Ali 
Published: May 2021

AbstractValidation of the new hemifacial spasm (HFS) questionnaire “HFS score” that captures both clinical (HFS clinical) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) parameters (HFS subjective) in one tool and comparison with a global HRQOL questionnaire. Cross sectional, prospective validation study including 143 subjects (62 HFS patients and 81 healthy volunteers) from the University Eye Hospital Bonn. Patients were interviewed with the new HFS score and the SF-12 questionnaire prior to and 3 weeks after Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) injection. All HRQOL-related questions (HFS subjective) were answered on a visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no complaints) to 100% (maximum complaints) by the patients themselves. Reproducibility was tested in a study extension with 10 patients by repeat interviews (telephone/personal). The new HFS score questionnaire provided a reliable clinical assessment and demonstrated that BoNT-A therapy significantly reduced frequency and severity of eye and cheek spasms (p < 0.001; Wilcoxon test). Relevant aspects of HRQOL of HFS patients were assessed with high accuracy and sensitivity. Significant improvements were achieved after BoNT-A injection in five out of eight HRQOL parameters (p ≤ 0.02; Wilcoxon test). Cronbach’s alpha of 0.818 demonstrated good internal consistency. Telephone survey provided comparable results to personal interviews. This new sensitive and specific HFS score seems a reliable instrument to monitor BoNT therapy and customize it to the needs of the individual HFS patient—in clinical studies and daily clinical practice.
Low-molecular-mass labile metal pools in Escherichia coli: advances using chromatography and mass spectrometry
Authors: Brawley Hayley N. , Lindahl Paul A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLabile low-molecular-mass (LMM) transition metal complexes play essential roles in metal ion trafficking, regulation, and signalling in biological systems, yet their chemical identities remain largely unknown due to their rapid ligand-exchange rates and weak M–L bonds. Here, an Escherichia coli cytosol isolation procedure was developed that was devoid of detergents, strongly coordinating buffers, and EDTA. The interaction of the metal ions from these complexes with a SEC column was minimized by pre-loading the column with 67ZnSO4 and then monitoring 66Zn and other metals by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) when investigating cytosolic ultrafiltration flow-through-solutions (FTSs). Endogenous cytosolic salts suppressed ESI-MS signals, making the detection of metal complexes difficult. FTSs contained ca. 80 µM Fe, 15 µM Ni, 13 µM Zn, 10 µM Cu, and 1.4 µM Mn (after correcting for dilution during cytosol isolation). FTSs exhibited 2–5 Fe, at least 2 Ni, 2–5 Zn, 2–4 Cu, and at least 2 Mn species with apparent masses between 300 and 5000 Da. Fe(ATP), Fe(GSH), and Zn(GSH) standards were passed through the column to assess their presence in FTS. Major LMM sulfur- and phosphorus-containing species were identified. These included reduced and oxidized glutathione, methionine, cysteine, orthophosphate, and common mono- and di-nucleotides such as ATP, ADP, AMP, and NADH. FTSs from cells grown in media supplemented with one of these metal salts exhibited increased peak intensity for the supplemented metal indicating that the size of the labile metal pools in E. coli is sensitive to the concentration of nutrient metals.
Performances of automated digital imaging of Gram-stained slides with on-screen reading against manual microscopy
Authors: Fischer Adrien , Azam Nouria , Rasga Lara , Barras Valérie , Tangomo Manuela , Renzi Gesuele , Vuilleumier Nicolas , Schrenzel Jacques , Cherkaoui Abdessalam 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performances of the automated digital imaging of Gram-stained slides against manual microscopy. Four hundred forty-three identified Gram-stained slides were included in this study. When both methods agreed, we considered the results as correct, and no further examination was carried out. Whenever the methods gave discrepant results, we reviewed the digital images and the glass slides by manual microscopy to avoid incorrectly read smears. The final result was a consensus of multiple independent reader interpretations. Among the 443 slides analyzed in this study, 101 (22.8%) showed discrepant results between the compared methods. The rates of discrepant results according to the specimen types were 5.7% (9/157) for positive blood cultures, 42% (60/142) for respiratory tract specimens, and 22% (32/144) for sterile site specimens. After a subsequent review of the discrepant slides, the final rate of discrepancies dropped to 7.0% (31/443). The overall agreement between the compared methods and the culture results reached 78% (345/443) and 79% (349/443) for manual microscopy and automated digital imaging, respectively. According to culture results, the specificity for automated digital imaging and manual microscopy were 90.8% and 87.7% respectively. In contrast, sensitivity was 84.1% for the two compared methods. The discrepant results were mostly encountered with microorganism morphologies of rare occurrence. The results reported in this study emphasize that on-screen reading is challenging, since the recognition of morphologies on-screen can appear different as compared to routine manual microscopy. Monitoring of Gram stain errors, which is facilitated by automated digital imaging, remains crucial for the quality control of reported Gram stain results.
Solastalgia, place attachment and disruption: insights from a coastal community on the front line
Authors: Phillips Christopher , Murphy Conor 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe explore how solastalgia, a concept that describes distress and inability to derive solace from one’s environment caused by disruptive environmental change, is currently being experienced by a community in southeast Ireland as they struggle to cope with place disruption through loss of a beach by coastal erosion. We analyse relationships between empirical measurements of solastalgia, place attachment and place disruption as well as their association with community outlook for the future. Results indicate that solastalgia, resulting from loss of place, is experienced by almost half of residents, especially those who have lived in the area >20 years. Seasonal variation exists for residents who experience the highest levels of solastalgia, with expression strongest in summer. We find that solastalgia is positively correlated with place attachment; those having higher levels of place attachment express stronger feelings of solastalgia and impacts to their lives due to loss of place. Place attachment is most weakly expressed through place dependence, suggesting ongoing adaptation of relationships with place. We find that solastalgia is positively correlated with negative statements regarding future outlook. However, negative outlooks are moderated for those with high levels of place attachment, despite experiencing solastalgia. Given the vulnerability of coastal environments and communities to climate change, understanding and assessing solastalgia will be critical to helping communities navigate environmental disruption.
Heterogeneity in outcome selection, definition and measurement in studies assessing the treatment of cryptoglandular anal fistula: findings from a systematic review
Authors: Machielsen A. J. H. M. , Iqbal N. , Kimman M. L. , Sahnan K. , Adegbola S. O. , Kane G. , Woodcock R. , Kleijnen J. , Grossi U. , Breukink S. O. , Tozer P. J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Treatment for cryptoglandular anal fistula (AF) is challenging and a lack of uniform outcomes in the literature prevents direct comparison of treatments. This can be addressed by developing a core outcome set, a standardised set of outcomes reported in all interventional studies for a specific condition. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the range of outcomes, their definitions, and the measurement instruments currently utilised in interventional studies for adult patients with AF. This will inform the development of an AF core outcome set.

Methods
Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Library were searched to identify all patient- and clinician-reported outcomes in studies assessing medical, surgical or combination treatment of adult patients with AF published from January 2008 to May 2020. The resulting outcomes were categorized according to the Core Outcome Measurement in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) taxonomy to better understand their distribution.

Results
In total, 155 studies were included, 552 outcomes were extracted, with a median of three outcomes (interquartile range 2–5) per study. Only 25% of studies demonstrated high-quality outcome reporting. The outcomes were merged into 52 unique outcomes and structured into four core areas and 14 domains, with the majority in the domain of physiological or clinical (gastrointestinal) outcomes. The most commonly reported outcomes were healing (77%), incontinence (63%), and recurrence (40%), with no single outcome assessed across all studies. There was a wide variation in outcome definitions and measurement instruments used.

Conclusions
There is substantial heterogeneity in outcomes, definitions, and measurement instruments reported in interventional studies for cryptoglandular anal fistula. This emphasises the need for standardised outcome reporting and measurement.
Understanding augmented reality adoption trade-offs in production environments from the perspective of future employees: A choice-based conjoint study
Authors: Schuir Julian , Teuteberg Frank 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe implementation of augmented reality (AR) systems in production environments is associated with a variety of advantages, such as productivity gains, lower costs and reduced operating times. Despite these potential benefits, the lack of user acceptance due to issues such as privacy concerns constitutes a barrier to diffusion in workplace environments. In order to better understand the issues surrounding AR acceptance, we employed a conjoint study to empirically examine the trade-offs that future employees perceive when being involved in adopting such systems. Using a hierarchical Bayes estimation, we discover that functional benefits such as productivity gains and safety enhancement are the main adoption drivers. In contrast, future employees indeed perceive monitoring through head-worn AR devices as negative. However, a complementary cluster analysis indicates that not all respondents share a negative view of monitoring, and one third are likely to share their performance data with employers. We identify three groups with significantly different utility patterns. Furthermore, we monetize the value of privacy to determine compensation payments. The results may help employers, decision-makers, software solution providers as well as researchers in the information systems domain to better understand the factors surrounding acceptance of AR assistance systems. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to address this issue using conjoint analysis.
How Anxious are German Preschool Children?
Authors: Ehrenberg Daniela , Lohaus Arnold , Konrad Kerstin , Lüning Lorena , Heinrichs Nina 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe experience of fear is universal and is among the earliest of all forms of psychopathology, if excessively present. To prevent negative developmental outcomes due to early-onset excessive fears in children, it is important to systematically assess these experiences as early as possible. Using the preschool anxiety scale (PAS), we aimed to assess the frequency and structure of anxiety symptoms of 489 preschool-aged children raised in their biological family and 88 raised in foster care (as a high-risk sample) in Germany. While these young children displayed the same types of anxiety most commonly as young children in other countries, the overall occurrence seems to be reported less often by parents in Germany compared to parents from other countries. Anxiety symptoms clustered into five correlated factors (generalized anxiety, social anxiety, obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), physical injury fear and separation anxiety). Young children in foster care exhibited more OCD and significantly less social anxiety symptoms indicating early repetitive and social disturbances in children in foster care.
Cloud Resource Demand Prediction using Machine Learning in the Context of QoS Parameters
Authors: Nawrocki Piotr , Osypanka Patryk 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPredicting demand for computing resources in any system is a vital task since it allows the optimized management of resources. To some degree, cloud computing reduces the urgency of accurate prediction as resources can be scaled on demand, which may, however, result in excessive costs. Numerous methods of optimizing cloud computing resources have been proposed, but such optimization commonly degrades system responsiveness which results in quality of service deterioration. This paper presents a novel approach, using anomaly detection and machine learning to achieve cost-optimized and QoS-constrained cloud resource configuration. The utilization of these techniques enables our solution to adapt to different system characteristics and different QoS constraints. Our solution was evaluated using a system located in Microsoft’s Azure cloud environment, and its efficiency in other providers’ computing clouds was estimated as well. Experiment results demonstrate a cost reduction ranging from 51% to 85% (for PaaS/IaaS) over the tested period.
Intervention Services for Autistic Adults: An ASDEU Study of Autistic Adults, Carers, and Professionals’ Experiences
Authors: Micai Martina , Ciaramella Antonio , Salvitti Tommaso , Fulceri Francesca , Fatta Laura Maria , Poustka Luise , Diehm Robert , Iskrov Georgi , Stefanov Rumen , Guillon Quentin , Rogé Bernadette , Staines Anthony , Sweeney Mary Rose , Boilson Andrew Martin , Leósdóttir Thora , Saemundsen Evald , Moilanen Irma , Ebeling Hanna , Yliherva Anneli , Gissler Mika , Parviainen Tarja , Tani Pekka , Kawa Rafal , Vicente Astrid , Rasga Célia , Budişteanu Magdalena , Dale Ian , Povey Carol , Flores Noelia , Jenaro Cristina , Monroy Maria Luisa , Primo Patricia García , Charman Tony , Cramer Susanne , Warberg Christine Kloster , Canal-Bedia Ricardo , Posada Manuel , Scattoni Maria Luisa , Schendel Diana 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Autism Spectrum Disorders in the European Union (ASDEU) survey investigated local services’ use experiences of autistic adults, carers and professionals with interventions for autistic adults. The majority of the 697 participants experienced recommended considerations prior to deciding on intervention and during the intervention plan and implementation. Psychosocial interventions were the most commonly experienced interventions, while pharmacological interventions NOT recommended for core autistic symptoms were reported by fairly large proportions of participants. Family interventions were experienced slightly more commonly by carers than adults or professionals. Less than the 26% of autistic adult responders who had experienced challenging behaviors reported receiving an intervention to change them. These results provide insights for improving gaps in service provision of interventions among autistic adults.