bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrostática y EAO: una experiencia de simulación
Authors: Massons J. , Camps J. , Cabré R. , Ruiz X. , Díaz F. 
Published: June 2021

In this work the inclusion of educational software in the teaching of physics is analyzed. The program used corresponds to the computer simulation of electrostatic fields, and it was applied to students of first year of universitary level in a Faculty of Chemistry.
Un currículo de Ciencias equilibrado desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Sahuquillo Balbuena E. , Jiménez Aleixandre María Pilar , Domingo Ouvrard F. 
Published: June 2021

As a part of a larger study, a textbook analysis was undertaken with science texts, looking for balance or bias related to gender. The results show a bias toward the interests and previous experiences of boys, as well as stereotypes in language and images. Following the perspective of gender -inclusiveness, a proposal is presented about dimensions that should be taken into account in a science curriculum intended to be friendly for both girls and boys.
Características de los ejercicios de prácticas de laboratorio incluidos en los libros de textos de Ciencias utilizados en Cataluña
Authors: Tamir P. , García M. P. 
Published: June 2021

The laboratory exercices in science textbooks used in grades 9 to 12 in Catalonian schools were content analyzed by three instruments: The Inquiry Level Index (ILI), the Laboratory Assessment Inventory (LAI) and the Laboratory Dimenssions Inventory (LDI). The analysis was carried out by 24 teachers under the guidance of two science educators as an assignment in an in-service course on teaching and evaluation in the laboratory. It was found that the number of laboratory exercises offered in Catalonian science texbooks is rather small compared with texbooks in countries such as the U. K. and U.S.A. Most of the exercises are of low inquiry level featuring manipulation but missing high other inquiry skills such as formulating questions and hypotheses, designing experiments, etc. The relationship between practical work and theory is hardly indicated and the potential of the laboratory as a means to enhancing concept learning and/or developing social skills are hardly being considered. There is an urgent need to reform laboratory work in Catalonian schools.
Errores conceptuales en Geología: los conceptos isotropía-anisotropía y propiedad escalar - propiedad vectorial
Authors: Gallegos Díaz José Antonio 
Published: June 2021

Herein an analysis is offered of the conception that first cycle university students have about the terms Isotropy- Anisotropy and Scale properties -Vectorial properties, that have been learnt only within the school limits. It seems, therefore, that if there are conceptual mistakes, they must be blamed on the Teaching -Learning system, and not on the previous ideas students might have.
¿Es la masa la medida de la inercia?
Authors: Zalamea Godoy E. , Paris Espinosa R. 
Published: June 2021

In this paper we analyse from a critical point of view the definition that has usually been given to inertia as «the resistance that a body presents to its movement being modificó». We also reflect on the unwanted didactic implications that this definition —that grants bodies a «property of decision over their own movement»— can have on general physics courses.
Los alumnos prefieren diferentes estrategias didácticas de la enseñanza de las ciencias en función de sus características motivacionales
Authors: Martín Díaz M. J. , Kempa R. F. 
Published: June 2021

We carried out empirical research into the relationship between students' motivational patterns and their preferences for different teaching procedures in science education. According to the results obtained, students tend to prefer those teaching procedures and strategies that allow their motivational needs to be met and reject those conflicting with them.
Estudio llevado a cabo sobre representaciones de la respiración celular en los alumnos de Bachillerato y COU
Authors: García Zaforas A. M. 
Published: June 2021

This paper reports on an experiment involving students of the Natural Sciences and Biology subjects in first and third year SUP and COU. The experiment involved investigating the students' alternative ideas of cellular breathing and determining whether they evolve throughout the students' secondary education (BUP and COU).
Prácticas en la enseñanza de las ciencias. Problemas y posibilidades.
Authors: Miguens M. , Garrett R. M. 
Published: June 2021

We have effected an analysis of the role attached to practical studies in teaching sciences through the study of works published on this subjetc. The work has been structured starting from the historic development, to go on with the ends and advantages and finishing it outstanding some of the aspects of what can be considered the core of practical work. Finally, we highlight the main objectives to establish these practical classes.
Cambiando las ideas sobre el cambio biológico
Authors: Jiménez Aleixandre María Pilar 
Published: June 2021

Results of a study on the learning of Natural Selection are presented, focusing on the lines for the design of an instructional sequence used with secondary school students, taking into account the alternative ideas they use to interpret biological change. Some aspects of the conceptual change model are discussed, as well as the convenience of working other curricular topics with a similar methodology, from a perspective viewing educational problems related to complex causes.
Evaluación de valores y actitudes de los alumnos del curso secundario unificado. Un estudio en la disciplina de biología
Authors: Fontes Costa M. A. 
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to research about the ideas that the Biology students that attended the Unified Secondary Course had about how often they carried out activities related to learning within the field of socio -affective relationship and their point of view on the relevance of that learning in their assessment.
La elaboración de proyectos curriculares de centro en el marco de un currículo de ciencias abierto
Authors: Carmen Luís M. del 
Published: June 2021

The new curricular proposeds put foreword by the Ministry of Education are characterized, among other things, by being based on a flexible, open design, whose development requires active participation of the teaching teams in each school. The characteristics of this model are analysed as well as the necessary conditions for its viability with special reference to science teaching. The problem of organization and grading educational contents are emphesized.
Representaciones sobre la utilización didáctica de las representaciones
Authors: Giordan A. 
Published: June 2021

Getting acquointed with students' representation seems a crucial step in order to favour the acquisition of scientific knowledge. It is high time we started research on what to do with these representations: Should we enrich them, displace them, reject them, transform them? Which is the role of teachers, of the different defenders of knowledge and the available mean on each occasion?
Comprensión Newtoniana de la caída de cuerpos. Un estudio de su evolución en el Bachillerato
Authors: Acevedo Díaz José Antonio 
Published: June 2021

In this paper we show the various interpretations of the fall of solid bodies under different situations given by Spanish High School students and stress the need for a Conceptual Change through the methodological and attitudinal change from a constructivist outlook upon learning. We also put forward some considerations on the results obtained with respect to the pupils' sex difference and the fact that they had chosen scientific or humanistic studies.
¿Pueden interpretarse las preconcepciones a la luz de las teorias del aprendizaje?
Authors: Gustavo Criscuolo F. 
Published: June 2021

Students do not come to our courses whíthout any idea about Physics. Indeed, they manage a set of not very precise ideas about some physical concepts and laws, that are not compatible with scientific knowledge. Such a set of ideas has been termed as Misconceptions. In this paper some characteristics of the origin and resistance to their change is intended, in the conceptual framework of Behaviorism, Ausubelianisrn and Piagetian theories. As a result, only the last of those theories is capable of satisfactory interpretation of misconceptions as exemplars of «deforrnant assimilation». This result is also supported by a previos work in wich it is shown that misconceptions in some topic of Physics have a hierarchical structure wich correlates strongly with Piaget's stages.
Psicología cognoscitiva y esquemas conceptuales de los alumnos
Authors: Driver R. 
Published: June 2021

There are three main sections in this paper. The first section presents an overview of the research that has been undertaken into students' conceptions relating to mechanics. One central feature of students' «intuitive mechanics» is the association between their notions of force and motion. The consequences of such ideas for students' reasoning about various static and dynamic systems are described. A number of general features of students' alternative conceptions are then outlined. The second section outlines current perspectives on learning with particular emphasis being paid to the constructivist perspective; a perspective which emphasises the active role of lear-ners in the construction of their knowledge. The pedagogical consequences of adopting this perspective are outlined in the third section.
Didáctica de la Bioquímica a través del método científico
Authors: Liras Martín A. 
Published: June 2021

The teaching of Biochemistry provides the students of a first course of Medicine with a strict knowledge about the biological basis of the function of the different organs and systems, as well as the cathalytic reactions that happen there. The practica] sessions, on the other hand, by making use of the scientific method, constitute and adequate complement of this discipline. The students get in touch with simple techniques of laboratory, applicable to interesting clinical -medical problems.
Estructuras tisulares: nueva forma de presentación de los contenidos prácticos de la Histología
Authors: Juan Herrero J. de 
Published: June 2021

A new didactic method for the apprenticeship of histological images is presented. A goal in a cours of Histology is to learn how to identify histological images. Classically this apprenticeship has been carried out by means of the usual practical teaching with the microscope, based on the repetitive observation of slides, which is a high time-consuming process. The method is based on two points: a) Sistema tization of the apprenticeship contents, b) Correct use of the didactic strategies. Regarding the first item, and related to the concept of «tisular structure», the tissue classification is discused. About the second point, we comment on our experience in the use of two different didactic strategies: Small-gruop teaching and self -learning. Key words: Histology, practical teaching, apprenticeship sistematization, didactic innovation.
Análisis de actividades en textos de Física y Química de 2º de BUP
Authors: Bullejos de la Higuera J. 
Published: June 2021

An analysis of the activities proposed by some textbooks has been made. The procedure followed was to determine the operative behaviour involved in such activities to be classified accordine to a taxonornical model of objectives for experimental science. The distribution of the activities in each textbook has been represented, by means of percentage values, in graphs in order to establish comparisons. An evaluation of the underlying pedagogical ideas, which can be inferred from the results of the analysis, has been made. As a result, two groups of textboks have been spotted, according to different pedagogical outlooks, and different points of view of the educational aims of science. The possiblecorrelation between the pedagogical outlook of most of the textbooks and the actual teaching to be mainly performed in the classroom has been indicated.
Les enjeux éthiques de l’enseignement en ergothérapie : des pistes de solutions
Authors: Drolet Marie-Josée , Girard Karoline , Gaudet Rébecca 
Published: June 2021

Cet article consiste en la 2epartie des résultats d’une étude que notre équipe a menée sur les enjeux éthiques de l’enseignement en ergothérapie et leurs pistes de solutions. Tandis que le premier article de 2020 a mis en lumière ces enjeux, le présent article porte sur les moyens de les résoudre. L’ergothérapeute qui enseigne à des étudiants en ergothérapie est tôt ou tard confronté à des enjeux éthiques. Or, ces enjeux sont peu documentés dans les écrits, de même que les pistes de solutions que les ergothérapeutes qui enseignent utilisent ou envisagent. Cette étude qualitative a permis à onze ergothérapeutes-enseignantes des quatre universités francophones du Québec qui préparent la relève ergothérapique de partager leurs bons coups. Dix unités de sens relatives à ces pistes de solutions émergent des résultats, lesquelles ont été regroupées suivant les trois domaines de l’éthique (micro, méso et macro) de Glaser. Les quatre pistes de solutions micro-environnementales sont : a) développer ses compétences éthiques; b) se soutenir entre pairs; c) développer ses compétences en lien avec sa tâche; et d) prendre soin de soi. Les quatre pistes de solutions méso-environnementales sont : a) créer des espaces de parole; b) offrir de la formation en éthique; c) faire de l’advocacyméso; et d) changer la culture académique. Les deux pistes de solutions macro-environnementales sont : a) faire de l’advocacymacro et b) travailler en partenariat avec les milieux cliniques. Bien que des pistes de solutions documentées dans les écrits n’aient pas été discutées par les participantes, celles que ces dernières discutent rejoignent les pistes de solutions abordées dans les écrits. Il ressort des résultats que l’éthique occupe une place limitée dans la préparation et la formation continue des enseignants en ergothérapie et que le contexte organisationnel, c’est-à-dire la culture du monde académique en général et de la recherche en particulier, est susceptible d’occasionner des enjeux éthiques préoccupants.
La médecine du sommeil sous-représentée dans les curriculums des programmes de médecine : quelles implications éthiques pour les témoignages et la production de rapports médico-légaux?
Authors: Barrette-Moran Josianne 
Published: June 2021

En 2008, l’American Medical Association Journal of Ethics a consacré un volume entier aux enjeux éthiques associés à la médecine du sommeil. Des textes publiés dans ce volume parus sous les rubriques « Educating for Professionalism » et « Law, Policy, and Society » servent de points de départ tandis qu’une corrélation est établie entre la sous-représentation de la médecine du sommeil dans les curriculums des programmes de médecine et les dilemmes éthiques rencontrés à l’occasion de témoignages et de production de rapports médico-légaux lors de procès liés à des épisodes de comportements automatiques survenus en sommeil paradoxal.
Éthique de l’accompagnement – Une approche existentielle, par Jacques Quintin (2020)
Authors: Garcia Marion 
Published: June 2021

Ce compte rendu met en valeur comment l’Éthique de l’accompagnement – Une approche existentielle de Jacques Quintin permet d’appréhender la relation à l’Autre, et notamment la relation soignant-soigné, de manière éthique. Ce livre démontre que le rôle du soignant réside dans l’accompagnement de la personne malade et de ses proches afin de les guider dans un processus de réflexion, un examen de soi, de délibération et de prise de décision quant à la question de leur propre existence et de la compréhension de soi. Cette oeuvre est un remarquable développement, mais également un guide, dans la mise en pratique de l’éthique clinique.
Status of Rural Women in Dairy Farming in Amritsar District of Punjab
Authors: Kaur Prabhjot , Kaur Lavleen , Astha . 
Published: June 2021

The present study examines the status of rural women in dairy farming in Amritsar district of Punjab. The study was based on the primary data collected for 2019-20 year from female dairy farmers selected through multistage purposive sampling technique. The data was analysed by using simple tabular analysis and other statistical tools. All the activities related to dairy farming was performed by female dairy farmers. Small size female dairy farmers performed all the activities related to dairy farming ranging from disposal of cow dung to care of sick and new born animals. Large size female dairy farmers hired labour for dairy activities due to higher income of the households and large number of animals. The role of rural women in decision making is paradoxical to their contribution in dairy farming. For various dairy related decisions like feeding of milch animals, management of milch animals, sale of milk and utilization of amount obtained from dairy farming rural women either only consulted or had no role in decision making. Independent decision making by rural women in dairy related activities was negligible in the study area.
The major factors affecting the income of female dairy farmers was education, operated area and herd size. The main problems faced by female dairy farmers were negligible role of dairy farm women in decision making, non availability of adequate veterinary services, illiteracy of dairy farm women, lack of staff at government hospitals and lack of capital. The study suggested that to increase the income of rural women from dairy rural women should be more educated and empowered through extension facilities by government. Due to stagnation in growth of agriculture, dairy can be used as an alternative for marginal and small farmers for increasing their income. Marginal and small female dairy farmers should be give more subsidies, loan and training for dairy business. Strict rules should be made regarding working of veterinary hospitals as the doctors were not available in the government veterinary hospitals in the study area.
The ‘Pritchard Trap’: A novel quantitative survey method for crayfish
Authors: Pritchard Eleri G. , Chadwick Daniel D. A. , Patmore Ian R. , Chadwick Michael A. , Bradley Paul , Sayer Carl D. , Axmacher Jan C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

As crayfish invasions continue to threaten native freshwater biota, a detailed understanding of crayfish distribution and population structure becomes imperative. Nonetheless, most current survey methods provide inadequate demographic data. The quantitative ‘Triple Drawdown’ (TDD) dewatering method has highlighted the importance of such data, yet practical constraints prevent its large‐scale application.

Here, we introduce the ‘Pritchard Trap’, a novel passive sampling method that reliably generates quantitative crayfish population data while requiring substantially lower sampling effort than TDDs. This quadrat‐style sampler was extensively tested in headwater streams of North Yorkshire, England, along an invasion gradient for signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) from well‐established sites to mixed populations of signal crayfish and native white‐clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes).

The Pritchard Trap was trialled over several time intervals to determine the minimum required trap deployment time. TDDs at the same sites allowed for a robust evaluation of Pritchard Trap sampling accuracy in representing crayfish densities and population structure.

The Pritchard Trap successfully sampled both invasive and native crayfish (8–42 mm carapace length). A minimum passive deployment time of 4 days was required. At low crayfish densities (0.5 individuals m−2), increased trapping effort was necessary to achieve accurate population density and size class distribution estimates. The Pritchard Trap required substantially less sampling effort (working hours) and resources than the TDD, whilst also posing less risk to non‐target species.

The Pritchard Trap, for the first time, affords logistically simple, truly quantitative investigations of crayfish population demographics for headwater systems. It could be integrated into crayfish research and management, for example to explore density‐dependent ecological impacts of invasive crayfish and their management responses or to monitor populations and recruitment in native crayfish conservation initiatives.
Pathological lesions of the digestive tract in free‐ranging mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei)
Authors: Muhangi Denis , Gardiner Chris H. , Ojok Lonzy , Cranfield Michael R. , Gilardi Kirsten V. K. , Mudakikwa Antoine B. , Lowenstine Linda J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe finding of parasites and bacterial pathogens in mountain gorilla feces and oral lesions in gorilla skeletal remains has not been linked to pathological evidence of morbidity or mortality. In the current study, we conducted a retrospective study of digestive tracts including oral cavity, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, intestines (gastrointestinal tract [GI]), liver, and pancreas of 60 free‐ranging mountain gorillas from Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo that died between 1985 and 2007. We reviewed clinical histories and gross pathology reports and examined histological sections. On histology, enteritis (58.6%), gastritis (37.3%), and colitis (29.3%) were the commonest lesions in the tracts. Enteritis and colitis were generally mild, and judged likely to have been subclinical. Gastritis was often chronic and proliferative or ulcerative, and associated with nematodiasis. A gastro‐duodenal malignancy (carcinoid) was present in one animal. A number of incidental lesions were identified throughout the tract and cestodes and nematodes were frequently observed grossly and/or histologically. Pigmentation of teeth and tongue were a common finding, but periodontitis and dental attrition were less common than reported from past studies of skeletal remains. Despite observing numerous GI lesions and parasites in this study of deceased free‐living mountain gorillas, we confirmed mortality attributable to gastroenteritis in just 8% (5/60) cases, which is less than that described in captive gorillas. Other deaths attributed to digestive tract lesions included cleft palate in an infant, periodontal disease causing systemic infection in an older adult and gastric cancer. Of all the parasitic infections observed, only hepatic capillariasis and gastric nematodiasis were significantly associated with lesions (hepatitis and gastritis, respectively). Understanding GI lesions in this endangered species is key in the management of morbidity associated with GI ailments.
Horizontally and Vertically Concerted Steric Strategy in α‐Diimine Nickel Promoted Ethylene (Co)Polymerization†
Authors: Hu Xiaoqiang , Zhang Yixin , Li Baixiang , Jian Zhongbao 
Published: June 2021

Main observation and conclusionSteric bulk plays a significantly paramount role in late transition metal promoted olefin (co)polymerization in terms of polymer molecular weight and catalyst thermal stability. Numerous sterically encumbered nickel and palladium catalysts have been developed, but they are usually uni‐directional. In this contribution, from a bi‐directional side the distinctive horizontally and vertically concerted steric strategy was well‐developed and applied to α‐diimine nickel catalysts. In ethylene polymerization, the increase of vertically steric bulk (H, Ph, Biph) led to an enhanced polymer molecular weight, a slightly ascended branching density; likewise increasing horizontally steric bulk (Ph, Nap, Ant) further resulted in the increase of polymer molecular weight and branching density. As a result, in sharp contrast to Ni1(H) without steric bulk, Ni5(Ant) with horizontally and vertically concerted steric bulk was thermally stable, showed very high activities at a level of 107 g·mol–1·h–1, and produced polyethylenes with the highest molecular weight of 518.8 × 104 g·mol–1 and the broader range of branching density from 2.4/1000C to 27.8/1000C. In the copolymerization of ethylene with methyl 10‐undecenoate, Ni5(Ant) also provided the highest copolymer molecular weight but gave the lowest incorporation of co‐monomer. This work sheds light on the steric effect on olefin (co)polymerization.