bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Stroke Risk Among Middle-aged and Older Chinese
Authors: Cui Yimin , Zhu Chunsu , Lian Zhiwei , Han Xueyan , Xiang Qian , Liu Zhenming , Zhou Ying 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the association between baseline symptoms and changes in depressive symptoms and stroke incidents. Methods: We used data from the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study conducted in 2013, 2015, and 2018. In total, 10,100 individuals aged ≥ 45 years and without a history of stroke in 2013 were included. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studied Depression scale (elevated depressive symptoms cutoff ≥ 10). We assessed whether baseline depressive symptoms and changes them, assessed by two successive surveys (stable low/no, recent onset, recently remitted, and stable high depressive symptoms) were associated with stroke incidents reported through 2018. Logistic regression analyses adjusted for baseline characteristics were performed. Results: For baseline depressive symptom analysis (n = 10,100), 545 (5.4%) had reported stroke incidents in the following 5-year period. Individuals with elevated depressive symptoms in 2013 experienced a markedly higher stroke risk (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.28–1.84) compared with those without elevated depressive symptoms. In the analysis of changes in depressive symptoms (n = 8,491, 430 (5.1%) stroke events), participants with stable high (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.58–2.56) and recent-onset (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.85) depressive symptoms presented higher stroke risk compared to those with stable low/no depressive symptoms, while recently remitted symptoms (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.80–1.57)) were not associated with stroke risk.Conclusion: In conclusion, stable high and newly started depressive symptoms were associated with increased stroke risk, whereas the improvement of depressive symptoms was not related to increase in stroke risk, suggesting that stroke risk may be decreased by effective management of depressive symptoms.
In Silico Docking Studies of Ag&nbsp;Nanoparticles and Its Derivatives Against NS5B&nbsp;Protein of Hepatitis-C Virus
Authors: Akram Arslan , Ahmad Waseem , Arif Muhammad Maaz , Saqib Khaleeq Ahmad , Pirzada Rameez-ul-Hassan , Malik Arif , Naqvi Syed Zeeshan Haider 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nanotechnology refers to the synthesis of nanomaterials (1-100nm) and their applications. Nanoscience can deal with individual atoms and molecules. In recent times, an agreement has started to rise about the informatics foundation expected to accumulate, curate, and share data among every one of the fields in nanotechnology. Nanoinformatics is fulfilling this demand. It is the science about figuring out which data is important to the nanoscale science and after that creating and implementing viable systems for gathering, approving, sharing, analyzing, modeling, and applying that information. Nanoinformatics is essential for efficient production and relative description of nanomaterials. The present study focused on the prediction of interactions of three ligands i.e. silver nanoparticles, tyrosine capped silver nanoparticles, and silver oxide nanoparticles with NS5B protein of HCV. ΑutoDock 4, Discovery Studio, ChemDraw Ultra, OpenBabel, and Chimera software were used. Computational docking helps to evaluate conformations of small ligands attached to macromolecular proteins. NS5B plays a crucial role in HCV replication. It weighs about 66-KDa. It is an RNA-dependent RNA membrane-associated polymerase. The results were obtained from AutoDock 4 and visualized in Discovery Studio and Chimera. Silver nanoparticles showed interactions with LYS81, LYS172, LYS173, TYR176, and ASP177. Tyrosine capped silver nanoparticles formed bonds with SER218, ASP220, GLU357, and LEU362 in the palm region. Silver oxide nanoparticles interacted with LEU260, TYR261, ARG280, and ALA281 in the finger domain. All these three ligands showed promising results to inhibit the NS5B enzyme halting HCV replication.
Early Soft Tissue Response to Zirconium Oxide and Titanium Healing Abutments in Vivo: A Dog Study
Authors: Wang Min , Zhang Shuang , Chen Longjie , Zou Haixiao , Wang Yining , Xia Haibin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate clinical characteristics and early soft tissues response to zirconium oxide (Zr) and titanium (Ti) abutments in dogs. Methods: Eight implants-four at each hemi-mandible were inserted after bilateral mandibular third and fourth premolars and first molars extraction. Two Zr and two Ti healing abutments were connected in each unilateral mandible 8 weeks later. The ligation method was used to make peri-implant mucositis model. The twenty-four abutments were divided into four groups, Zr and Ti healing abutments with ligation (ZrL, TiL) and non-ligation (ZrN, TiN) groups. Clinical index, peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), soft tissue responses were tested. Two-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the clinical index were similar around Zr and Ti healing abutments. PICF in ZrL and TiL groups were significantly higher than those in ZrN and TiN groups. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated inflammatory cells were non-significant differences. Conclusion: These data indicate soft tissue responses to Zr healing abutments with peri-implant mucositis was comparable to those to Ti healing abutments in vivo, and can provide theoretical foundation for Zr’s clinical application.
An investigation on the contamination of microorganisms on privacy curtains in hospital
Authors: Liang Wei , Wang Xinyang , Lu Xingxing , Liu Haibing , Hou Dong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The occurrence of nosocomial infection(NI) is closely related to the environment. As an important part of hospital environment, the contamination of privacy curtain by microorganism is an important factor of NI.Methods: 360 samples of privacy curtains were sampled and distributed in common ward (CW) and Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Each curtain had three sampling heights, which were 100cm, 150cm and 200cm away from the ground. The samples were collected by cotton swab method and cultured in incubator for 48h.Results: The contamination rate of curtain in CW was 48.89%, higher than that in ICU ( P < 0.05). The contamination rate of samples at 3 months frequency was higher than that at 1 month frequency ( P <0.05).The contamination rate of the curtains in CW and ICU at the frequency of 1 month was lower than that at the frequency of 3 months ( P <0.05). In this two cleaning frequency，the contamination rate of curtains with a height of 200cm was lower than that of samples with a height of 150cm and 100cm. The main microorganisms on privacy curtains were coagulase negative Staphylococcus.Conclusion : The contamination rate of sampling in ICU is lower than that in CW. The contamination in the higher position of the curtain is less than that in the lower part. It can reduce the contamination of microorganisms on the curtain and save the cost of hospital cleaning by removing the curtain in sections and cleaning regularly.
Finding patients’ perception and attitudes to neurosurgery: A qualitative approach
Authors: Cherkil Sandhya , Cherian Liza , Gopi Devika , Panikar Dilip , Narayanan Prashant , Nair Anup 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: Undergoing a neurosurgical procedure is thought to be traumatic and anxiety provoking which can affect treatment decisions. This study aims to explore the attitude and perception of neurosurgery.Method: Eight semi-structured open-ended questions were administered to 47 patients who underwent neurosurgery from 2018 October to 2019 April. Two questions which were common to pre and post-operative conditions explored the patients’ emotional responses before and after the surgery. The two other questions explored the communication between the patient and the doctor. To determine the moderating factors responsible for the attitude-change, two additional questions were administered postoperatively. The patients were interviewed a week before and two days after the surgery. The patient responses in verbatim were recorded and were subjected to open and axial coding.Results: After thematic analysis the emerging themes were noted. The overarching themes were 1) The patients experience worry before the surgery. 2) The patients are comfortable in their communication with the doctor before getting operated. 3) Post-surgery, the patients experience a dip in their worry. 4) A significant percentage of patients is happy with the information received from their doctor. 5) Majority of the patients reports satisfaction with the communication between them and the doctor. 6) There is a section of patients who are not comfortable despite the information they have received.Conclusion: The patients experience anxiety before and after the surgery and have concerns about the future. The communication skills of the treating doctor have a moderating effect on the patients’ perception of neurosurgery.
Dietary Diversity Among Indian Adolescents: Evidence From UDAYA Study
Authors: Bansal Anjali , Arora Pooja , Sharma Radhika , Misra Archa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Adolescence is a period transition from childhood to adulthood , in which they undergo various rapid changes from physical appearances to changes in the food habits. During this period, childbearing age starts, particularly for women, which is one of the most precarious time wherein optimum nutritional status need to be achieved. So, Eating healthy during adolescence is important as rapid physical growth increases the need of several nutrients.Methods: In our study, we have used the UDAYA longitudinal study design which provides a unique opportunity to determine the role of dietary pattern at one time point to the changes at the time 2. For analysis, cross-tabulation and chi-square test is used to test independence of various groups. Binary logistic regression is used to identify determinants of minimum dietary diversity (Yes=1, No=0) of the adolescents. Adjusted odds ratio are computed for Uttar Pradesh and Bihar separately, as well as for combined sample.Results: In the present study, the average adherence to the dietary pattern in our adolescents was 58%, while in Bihar it was 61% , and in UP it was 56%. Using the logistic regression analysis, we found that there was significant difference in the MDD of adolescents by their socio-economic characteristics. But no differentials were found among young and old adolescents in UP and Bihar. Also, food consumption score index (A.O.R.=2.6, 95% CI (2.1-3.1), and media exposure of adolescents at wave1 (A.O.R.=2.1, 95% CI (1.7-2.7) were found significant in depicting the MDD at wave2. Conclusions: India launched ICDS scheme in 1975s to strengthen the nutritional status of young children in the country, but the recent data of NFHS-5 (2019-20), shows that the nutritional status of the country improved only marginally, or rather decreased in some parts. Strengthening and proper evaluation of ICDS programme can help to improve the pro-nutrition among the adolescents. Also, there should be a specific state policy to address the needs of adolescents, and various educational programmes should be conducted in schools where students along with their parents should be educated about the need of healthy dietary habits.
Habitat-host Microbial Associations Across a Gradient in Land Use Intensification in Southern Amazon
Authors: de Assis Ananda Brito , Corrêa Décio Tadeu , Taketani Rodrigo Gouvêa , Navas Carlos Arturo , Schiesari Luis 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The conversion of natural habitats to agriculture results in the structural, physical and chemical degradation of ecosystems; and microbial communities respond to change with shifts in diversity and environmental function. Because the structure of amphibian-associated microbiome depends partially on the dynamics of microorganisms in the habitat, we hypothesized that land use would affect the tadpole skin microbiota structure of populations inhabiting water bodies in agricultural lands. To study this, we sampled microbial communities of water bodies and skin of larval amphibian across a gradient of land use intensification represented by cerrado, pastures and soybean fields. We used 16S rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing to characterize the microbial communities. Land use had a strong effect on both host and habitat bacterial communities. Bacterial ASVs richness and diversity in water bodies decreased from pristine habitat to soybean plantations, with the cerrado community differing from pasture and soybean fields. The aquatic microbial community composition and structure were different across the gradient, showing a robust effect of land use on this habitat. The richness and diversity of amphibian-associated bacterial community was lowest in cerrado and highest in pasture populations. The soybean plantation exhibited the most distinct composition and structure of amphibian microbiota while the pasture and cerrado communities were similar. Bacterial ASVs, candidates for biomarkers of the land use effect on both host and water bodies communities, were indicated. Our results highlight the effects of land use intensification as a driver for amphibian microbiome and offer information on the functionality of agro-industrial environments.
A Numerical Modelling Approach to Optimising Photovoltaic Installations for Thermal Effects Mitigation
Authors: Chiteka Kudzanayi , Madiye Luxmore , Chingosho Hilton , Arora Rajesh , Enweremadu C.C 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Solar energy presents one of the best alternative sources of energy in the current bid to mitigate the negative impacts of global warming. The present study evaluated the influence of installation configuration together with the meteorological parameters on temperature characteristics of a solar photovoltaic array. Three dimensional simulation using Computational Fluid Dynamics was used in the numerical analysis of the temperature characteristics on solar PV arrays. The Shear Stress Transport k-ω model was employed to analyse the turbulent characteristics of the airstream near the photovoltaic array. A temperature prediction model was developed using Artificial Neural Networks and the model was found to be accurate with a coefficient of determination, R2 above 90 %. A Response Surface Methodology optimization model was developed to maximize energy generation while minimizing solar photovoltaic cell operating temperature. The models were able to reduce temperature and improve energy generated by 3.9 %. The optimized tilt and azimuth angles were found to be 28.2o tilt and 13.2o respectively yielding an average cell temperature of 29.3 oC which gave 3.9 % increase in energy and revenue generated.
Relationship Between Mucosal TNF-α Expression and Th1, Th17, Th22 and Treg Responses in Helicobacter Pylori Infection
Authors: Rahimian Ghorbanali , Abadi Milad Shahini Shams , Ahmadi Reza , Shafigh Mohammedhadi , Azadegan-Dehkordi Fatemeh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) -induced gastric inflammation in the gastric mucosa and significantly increases the risk of developing gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The objective of this research is to determine the role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in the gastric mucosa of patients with H. pylori –associated gastritis and PUD compared to uninfected patients, and we determined the relation between TNF-α expression and Th1/Th17/Th22, and Treg cells.Methods: Fifty-five patients with H. pylori –associated gastritis, 47 patients with H. pylori –associated PUD, and 48 uninfected patients were in this research. Antrum biopsy was used to detect H. pylori, virulence factors and histopathological assessments.Results: Expression of TNF-α in the infected group was significantly higher than the uninfected group. Also, cagA/oipA-positive infected patients induce significantly more TNF-α expression than do cagA/oipA-negative infected patients. Expression of TNF-α was significantly increased in the PUD group than the gastritis group. Notably, TNF-α expression had a significant positive correlation with the frequency of Th1/Th17/Th22 lymphocytes in the PUD group.Conclusion: These findings indicate the importance of increasing TNF-α with Th1, Th17, Th22 responses increase as an important risk factor for PUD in context of H. pylori infection.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Circulating microRNAs for Hepatitis C Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiajie , Tong Jiepeng , Huang Yicheng , Zhang Li , Yu Wei , Qiu Yunqing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Aims: The purpose of this study was to perform an assessment of circulating microRNAs as promising biomarker for Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCV-HCC) through a meta-analysis.Methods: A comprehensive literatures search extended up to March 1, 2020 in PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Ovid databases. The collected data were analyzed by random-effects model because of high heterogeneity, the pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were used to explore the diagnostic performance of circulating miRNAs. Subgroup and threshold effect analysis were further carried out to explore the heterogeneity. Results: Overall, 16 articles that included a total of 3606 HCV-HCC patients and 3387 HCV patients without HCC were collected. The pooled estimates indicated miRNAs could distinguish HCC patients from chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and HCV-associated liver cirrhosis (HCV-LC), with a SEN of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.79-0.87), a SPE of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.71-0.82), a DOR of 17 (95% CI, 12-28), and an AUC of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84-0.90). The combination of miRNAs and AFP showed a better diagnostic accuracy than each alone. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that diagnostic accuracy of miRNAs was better for plasma types, up-regulated miRNAs, and miRNA clusters. There was no evidence of publication bias in Deeks’ funnel plot.Conclusions: The summarized results suggested that circulating miRNAs, especially for miRNA clusters, have a relatively high diagnostic value for HCV-HCC, which could be served as non-invasive screening tool.
Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody of Patients in Local Affected Area During the Lockdown
Authors: Tang Yueting , Sun Jiayu , yuan yumeng , Yao Fen , zheng Bokun , Yang Gui , Xie Wen , Ye Guangming , Li Zhen , jiao xiaoyang , Li Yirong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Serosurvalence is crucial in estimating the range of SARS-CoV-2 infections, predicting the possibility of another wave, and decide on a vaccination strategy. To understand the herd immunity after the COVID-19 pandemic, the seroprevalence was measured in 3062 individuals with or without COVID-19. Methods: The levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibody IgM and IgG were measured by the immuno-colloidal gold method.Results: The mean seroprevalence for IgM and IgG in all participants was 2.81% and 7.51%, respectively. The positive rate of IgG was significantly higher in women than in men (P<0.05). The highest positive rate of IgM was observed in 41-60 years of age (3.49%), while the highest seroprevalence for IgG was observed in persons >60 years of age (8.61%). The positive rates of IgM and IgG in the convalescent patients were 31.82% and 77.27%, respectively, which was significantly higher than individuals with suspected syndromes or individuals without any clinical signs (P<0.01). Seroprevalence for IgG in medical staff was markedly higher than those in residents. The seroprevalence in patients with various comorbidity was no significant difference (P>0.05).Conclusions: The low positive rate of the SARS-CoV-2 IgM and NA test indicated that the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is subsiding after three months, and the possibility of reintroduction of the virus from an unidentified natural reservoir is low. Seroprevalence provides the information for humoral immunity and vaccine in the future.
Impact of an intercropped melon/cowpea system on the coupling between soil bacterial community structure and chemical properties
Authors: Cuartero Jessica , Pascual Jose Antonio , Vivo Juana-María , Özbolat Onurcan , Sánchez-Navarro Virginia , Egea-Cortines Marcos , Zornoza Raúl , Mena Maria Martinez , Garcia Eloisa , Ros Margarita 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A greater understanding of the relationship between soil microorganisms and intercropping systems could contribute to the optimization of land use, fostering sustainable and efficient agriculture. This study entails a comparative intercropping assay using cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and melon (Cucumis melo) under organic management with different patterns and 30% less organic fertilization than that used in monocrops in the first year. The intercropping system changed the bacterial community structure independently of the intercropping pattern and contributed to an increase in soil nitrogen, phosphorous content and melon crop yield. The intercropped systems were characterized by a higher abundance of Pseudomonas (Proteobacteria), which are related to nutrient cycling, and other beneficial microorganisms.
Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among Patients Managed for Tuberculosis at a Tertiary Health Care Institution in South-West Nigeria: A Retrospective Study&nbsp;
Authors: Ojewuyi Abiodun Ronke , Odeyemi Abiona Oluwadamilola , Odeyemi Abimbola Ololade , Olotu Amadin Aitua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is a cause of high morbidity and mortality across the world but more so in developing countries. A large proportion of patients with tuberculosis present with extra-pulmonary disease which is often misdiagnosed or under-diagnosed. In Southwest Nigeria, there are reports on tuberculosis but only a few focused on extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). This study was aimed to determine the burden of EPTB and its associated factors in a tertiary health care centre in Nigeria.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional retrospective study involving all the TB cases seen from 1st January 2015 and 31st December 2019. Relevant information was retrieved from the clinical records of the patients with the use of a well-structured proforma. Data obtained was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0.Results Five hundred and nine subjects were involved with a mean age of 39.8±16.99 years. Three hundred and sixteen (62.1%) were males, 69 (13.6%) participants were HIV positive. Eighty-three (16.3%) had EPTB, of these 32 (38.6%) had spinal tuberculosis while 23 (27.7%) had pleural tuberculosis. Age, new cases of TB, and smear-negative TB were found to be significantly associated with the development of EPTB.ConclusionExtra-pulmonary tuberculosis is a common form of tuberculosis in our community, and the commonest presentation is spinal and pleural tuberculosis. There is a need for an improvement in diagnostic capacity for EPTB especially among the middle-aged and those presenting with TB for the first time. This will aid in the prompt detection and management of patients with EPTB.