bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE LARGE AND SMALL INTESTINES
Authors: Sementsov A. S. , Ponomarenko V. V. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the work is to show the possibilities of radiation diagnosis of the normal anatomy of the small and large intestine, as well as their pathological changes through the use of MRI (Hydro-MRI).
Material and methods. Thirty patients were examined by the method of Hydro-MRI. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging on a device with a magnetic induction of 1.5T. To carry out Hydro-MRI, we used T2-weighted sequences, such as a one-time fast spin echo signal obtained in several planes, STIR sequences in three mutually perpendicular sequences, so that, edema wall can be estimated with additional diffusion-weighted images.
Results. Twentypatientswiththemanifestations of Crohn's disease in the form of terminal ileitis, presence of interlope fistulous passages, paraproctitis (fistulous form) were detected. Colon tumors were detected in 8 patients, recurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the small intestine in the anastomosis zone was detected in one patient, and no pathological changes were detected in one patient.
Findings. Hydro-MRI allows visualizing the mass of the small, large intestine and determining the degree of invasion of the intestinal wall and surrounding tissues. Enterography using magnetic resonance enterography has become the most effective methods for visualizing the small intestine in patients with Crohn's disease and can visualize inflammation of the intramural or proximal small intestine in about 50% of patients with Crohn's disease who have undergone endoscopically normal studies. Hydro-MRI is indicated for Crohn's disease and for determining the degree of inflammatory activity. Recent evidence suggests that cross-section visualization may be useful in determining response to therapy, assessing bowel healing and monitoring disease progression. Also, according to researchers at the Medical Imaging Center, University College London, the quantitative motility of the small intestine is an objective biomarker of endoscopic and histopathological inflammatory activity in Crohn's disease and is comparable to previously confirmed estimates of MRI activity enhanced by gadolinium. The final ileal mobility indicator showed a good correlation with endoscopic and histopathological activity in Crohn's disease. The study is painless, no radiation load. Hydro-MRI is a method of choice, when it is impossible to conduct an X-ray examination of the intestine, the inability/uninformativeness of an endoscopic examination of the small, large intestine. Along with video capsular endoscopy, it allows visualization of all departments of the small and large intestine [1].
Mandibular reconstruction with free non-vascularized rib autograft
Authors: Barannik N. G. , Mosieyko O. O. , Manukhina O. M. , Sidoryako A. V. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the study. To increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation of patients with acquired bone defects of the mandible with the help of rib free non-vascularized autografts.
Materials and methods. In the maxillofacial department of Municipal non-profit enterprise
«City Clinical Hospital for Emergency and Medical Care, Zaporizhyzhya» Council 41 patients were treated, who underwent surgical treatment to replace the acquired bone defects of the mandible with rib free autografts on the basis of the clinic of maxillofacial surgery of the State Institution SE «Zaporizhzhya Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine» 2015–2019. Most patients were of working age: from 21 to 60 years. In general, the age composition of patients was almost identical, which allowed us to assume that all studies were conducted under the same conditions and in a standard sample. Depending on etiology, surgery – replacement of mandibular defects, performed simultaneously or across a long time period.
Results. Improved technique of mandibular bone grafting by free rib autograft due to the expansion of the technical possibility to reliably fix bone fragments with titanium plates and screws, as well as tight installation of the autograft in the bone defect and create, consequently, favorable conditions for a pseudo-temporal-mandibular joint formation. The own technique of preparation and formation of a costal autograft is offered. For 15 years, no complications were detected and no rejection of freely transplanted costal autografts was observed.
Conclusions. The use of reliable fixation of bone fragments ensures the formation of callus and prevents autograft rejection. The proposed method of preparation of a costal autograft with a fragment of cartilage, allows to achieve reliably forming a pseudo-temporal-mandibular joint.
Legal regulation of organization and provision of rehabilitation assistance to anti-terrorist operation/joint forces operation participants
Authors: Gavlovskyy O. D. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the study. Investigate the current legal mechanisms for organizing and providing rehabilitation assistance to participants and victims of the armed conflict in the eastern regions of Ukraine.
Materials and methods. To achieve these goals, a standard methodological apparatus for scientific research was used: bibliosemantic, for the analysis of periodical literature, and content analysis, for the analysis of legal documents.
Results. As stated in the regulations, one of the main responsibilities of the state is to ensure the social protection of participants in the armed conflict in the east of the country. To fulfill this function, a number of laws and regulations have been enacted at the legislative levels, which are constantly being revised to improve social, medical and psychological care for participants in the joint force operation (anti-terrorist operation) and its victims. Comprehensive assistance to disabled military personnel and combatants includes statutory guarantees and procedures for their rehabilitation and adaptation. This list includes medical rehabilitation (provision of medical care, including prosthetics and orthoses, provision of technical means of rehabilitation); psychological rehabilitation; social rehabilitation; vocational rehabilitation.
Conclusions. In Ukraine, there is a welldeveloped legal regulation of the process of providing rehabilitation assistance to participants in the armed conflict in the eastern regions of Ukraine. Organizational mechanisms for rehabilitation are constantly being improved: the International Classification of Functioning, Restriction of Life has been introduced; qualification characteristics of rehabilitologists and rehabilitation specialists, occupational therapists, physical therapy assistants and occupational therapists have been developed. It has been established that there are no unified protocols for medical rehabilitation in Ukraine: only a protocol of measures for post-traumatic stress disorder has been developed. A «road map» for medical care, reparative treatment and rehabilitation measures in health care facilities is available and applicable.
Trends of indicators characterizing the burden of type 2 diabetes on health care systems in Ukraine and some developed countries
Authors: Mykhalchyshyn G. P. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the study. Is to compare the epidemiological trends (2000–2017) of indicators characterizing the burden of type 2 diabetes on health care systems in Ukraine and some developed countries.
Materials and methods. Thetrendsinmorbidity, prevalence, mortality, years lived with disability (YLDs), as well as disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in type 2 diabetes (per 100 thousand of population) were analyzed.
Results. Over a period of 2000–2017, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Ukraine increased by 10,4%, in Belarus – by 9,2%, in Poland – by 28,1%, in Germany – by 32,1% and in the United States – by 69,6%. Accordingly, the largest increase in the prevalence occurred in the United States (by 83,2%), Germany (by 40,0%) and Poland (by 42,6%) and the least in Ukraine (by 9,9%).
The mortality rate in Ukraine as of 2017 was lower than in the USA, Poland and Germany, respectively: 4,0 against 17,4; 13,8; 20,6 per 100 thousand of population. The largest increase in YLDs and DALY occurred in the United States (by 81,0% and 45,6%), Germany (by 45,2% and 28,8%), Poland (by 41,6% and 45,4%), against the background of a slight increase in Ukraine (by 10,2% and 7,8%).
Conclusions. Over a period of 2000–2017, the trends of indicators characterizing the burden of type 2 diabetes on the health care systems of Ukraine and other countries differ, which requires further analysis and clarification of this situation.
Change Management Practices and Performance of National Government Constituencies Development Funded Projects in Bomet County, Kenya
Authors: Parsumpat Lemarimpe N , Bett Shadrack 
Published: February 2021

The purpose of change management is to implement strategies for effecting change, controlling change and helping people to adapt to change. Change management is a systematic approach to dealing with the transition or transformation of an organization's goals, processes or technologies. The National government Constituency development fund to counties has made a great impact, with numerous projects coming up throughout the country. The initiation of the development projects at grassroots level have led to significant rise in wellbeing of citizens in the constituency and county at large. The general objective of this study was to assess change management practices and how it relates to performance of national government CDF funded projects in Bomet County in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were; to determine the influence of leadership on performance of the national development funded projects in Bomet County, to establish how stakeholder’s involvement influences the performance of the national development funded projects in Bomet County, to assess the influence of resources allocation on performance of the national development funded projects in County and to find out the extent to which monitoring and evaluation influences the performance of the national development funded projects in Bomet County. The study was anchored on Kotter’s 8 step model and the theory of planned change. The study adopted a Census research design targeting all CDFC members and officials managing CDF projects in each of the five wards in Bomet County. The study utilized primary data. Primary data was collected using semi structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in the study. Analyzed data was presented in percentages, frequencies, mean and standard deviation. From the findings, the researcher can conclude that, change management practices through leadership, stakeholders’ involvement, resources, and monitoring and evaluation has a significant and positive composite effect on performance of NG-CDF in County. Leadership aspects that contribute to this performance includes leaders’ role model and championship capacity towards change management, ability to develop strategy, create mission, motivate people to achieve objectives, employees’ empowerment, and organizational culture change. The researcher therefore recommends that, NG-CDF leadership should observe change management practices by ensuring there is frequent stakeholders’ engagement, role model and championship capacity towards change management, ability to develop strategy, create mission, motivate people to achieve objectives, employees’ empowerment, and sound organizational culture change.
https://www.ijcab.org/ ,editor@ijcab.org https://journals.ijcab.org/journals/index.php
Respon Pemberian Pupuk Urea dan Urine Sapi terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Pembibitan Awal
Authors: Nasution Asari , Nadhira Ahmad , Zulkifli Tengku Boumedine Hamid 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemberian respon pemberian pupuk urea dan urine sapi dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di pembibitan awal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada September sampai Desember 2015 di Kebun Masyarakat Kelurahan Sari Rejo, Kecamatan Medan Polonia. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan dua taraf yaitu: faktor pertama: pemberian pupuk urea dengan 3 taraf: P0= tanpa pupuk urea; P1= pupuk urea 2 g/polibag; P2= pupuk urea 4 g/polibag. Faktor kedua: pemberian urine sapi 4 taraf: U0= tanpa urine sapi; U1= urine sapi 80 ml/polibag; U2= urine sapi 160 ml/polibag; U3= urine sapi 240 ml/polibag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk urea dapat meningkatkan tinggi bibit tanaman kelapa sawit umur 11 MST dengan dosis 4 g/polibag memberikan tinggi bibit kelapa sawit tertinggi 21,17 cm. Pemberian urine sapi belum dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit tanaman kelapa sawit. Interaksi antara pemberian pupuk urea dan urine sapi belum dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit kelapa sawit di pembibitan awal.
Influence of Foliar Application of Magnesium on Horticultural Crops: A Review
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Tampubolon Koko , Ur Rehman Fazal , Saeed Muhammad Sulaman , Hayyat Muhammad Sikander , Imran Muhammad , Tahir Rohoma , Mehta Jitendra 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Magnesium is very important nutrient and performs a significant part in development and formation of many sink organs like roots and seeds. Furthermore, its fertilization significantly affects yield and numerous physiological mechanisms in different horticulture crop species. Moreover, its deficiency caused germination and reduction in horticulture crop stand. Nevertheless, its adequate concentration by foliar application plays important role in biochemical and physiological processes of plants like proteins synthesis, metabolism of carbohydrates, enzymes activation and energy transferring. Worldwide, many of our horticulture crops are facing low yield and quality problem due to fertilizer application at inadequate rate. The current review focuses on the impact of foliar applied Mg on some important cultivated horticultural crops (sugar beet, tomato, banana, potato, spinach, cauliflower, cassava, garlic, green case, potus, cucumber and grapes).
Review results: Our extensive review has demonstrated that magnesium is very important factor limiting horticulture crop production but its negative impacts can be reduced by foliar application of magnesium. Foliar application of Mg can be recommended for correcting deficiencies because foliar sprays have no long term residual effect and every time fresh applications must be given to each crop. Moreover, amount depends on the nutrient status of crop and soil.
Comparative Analysis of Financial Performance before and After Cooperation with Health BPJS as a Provider of Health Services in 2011-2018 (Study at RSI Muhammadiyah Sumberrejo, Bojonegoro)
Authors: Rudi Utomo  
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the differences in financial performance of Muhammadiyah Hospital Sumberrejo,
Bojonegoro before becoming a health service provider in collaboration with Health BPJS in 2011-2013 and
after becoming a health service provider in collaboration with BPJS Health in 2014-2018 using financial
ratios. Using a horizontal (dynamic) analysis method that is comparing financial statements for a certain
number of periods, this type of research is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The technique
used is ratio analysis, an analysis used to determine the relationship of items that exist in one balance sheet
and income statement. A nalisis financial statements. This uses financial ratios such as Liquidity Ratios to
determine the company’s ability to meet its current liabilities, Solvency Ratios to determine the company’s
assets financed by total debt, Profitability Ratios to determine the company’s ability to generate profits,
Activity Ratios to determine the company’s ability to manage its assets.
The Association between Prevalence of Bacterial Diarrhea among Childrens and Some Factor’s
Authors: Kareem Ibrahim Mubarak  
Published: February 2021

The study conducted through the period from August 2017 to june 2019 in Baquba city –Iraq, two hundred
twenty five stool sample were collected from children for culture . Information about related epidemiologic
Factor, were recorded in questionnaire in aim to focus the light on the association between and this factors
and children diarrhea .Isolation and identification of bacteria spps performed by morphology, colony
characteristics and biochemical test of the base of stand red methods . susceptibility test of Isolates to (10)
antibiotics were performed . Result of identification showed three main species of bacteria were Escherichia
coli 35(15.55),Shigella spp 8(3.5%) and Salmonella spp3(1.33%),The sensitivity Isolates for antibiotic
revealed highly resistance of most bacteria species to Ampicillin, Trimethoprim –sulfamethaxizole,and
chloramphenicoal and low resistance to imepenem and Ciprofloxacin .The association study showed high
prevalence for diarrhea in male were (7.77% 13), children Age group 4-6 years (31.55%), Bottle feeding
(36%), low level of mother education (33-34%), Rural area (60%), Acute diarrhea (63.36%) .low value
hemoglobin (62.22%). and blood group O were (27.55%).
Survival Analysis of Time to Retest for HIV Among Men Who Have Sex with Men from Metro Manila, Philippines: A Single-Center Prospective Study
Authors: Piamonte Samuel Brando , Ynion Jhoanne 
Published: February 2021

Background: Regular HIV testing means early detection of the virus and prompt access to treatment. However, factors affecting retesting following receipt of a non-reactive test result are not yet well understood. This study aims to determine the predictors of time to repeat HIV testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) from Metro Manila, Philippines within six months following receipt of a non-reactive test result.
Methods: A prospective study was implemented at a community-based HIV testing and counseling center. A total of 250 non-reactive MSM from Metro Manila and with a recent risk of acquiring HIV were the respondents. At baseline, data on socio-demographic factors were gathered; while at follow-up, repeat test status of each participant within six months after baseline was collected.
Results: Two retests per 1,000 person-weeks were recorded. Mean survival time was 23.93 weeks, 95% CI: [23.18 - 24.68]. Cox proportional hazards regression demonstrated that statistically significant factors of time to retest were age (HR = 0.90, 95% CI [0.85, 0.96]) and number of tests in lifetime (HR = 1.12, 95%CI [1.06, 1.18]).
Conclusion: Although the average time to return is within the recommended period of three to six months, the low return rate suggests the call for encouraging repeat HIV testing among MSM with non-reactive results and recent risk of acquiring HIV. Repeat testing has been shown to be facilitated by age and previous testing history. HIV/AIDS counselors and program administrators can aim for MSM who are older and with relatively low testing history to help meet the global target of ending the HIV/AIDS global epidemic.
Initial Reliability and Validity testing of the DESTINY Stroke and Large Vessel Screening Tool
Authors: Daniel Nyancho  , Cheung Ryan , Venkatachalam Aardhra , Atem Folefac , Stutzman Sonja , Olson Daiwai , Diercks Deborah , Johnson Mark , Novakovic-White Roberta 
Published: February 2021

Background: Screening is a valuable tool in emergency medicine for triaging, activation of protocols, and resource allocation. The Dallas Emergency Department Screening Tool to Identify Stroke (DESTINY) was developed to screen for all stroke subtypes, with improved sensitivity for posterior circulation stroke and large vessel occlusion (LVO). The main purpose of this study was to evaluate how reliably the tool could be taught and used by ED Nurses.
Methods: This is Phase 1 of a multi-phase study to evaluate the DESTINY tool. A vascular neurologist retrospectively reviewed 409 stroke code activations between January and December of 2018. Thirty descriptive vignettes were composed: right anterior circulation stroke (n=5), left anterior circulation stroke (n=5), posterior circulation stroke (n=5), TIA and stroke mimic (n=6), non-LVO stroke (n=5), and hemorrhagic stroke (n= 4). Fifteen emergency medicine registered nurses used the DESTINY tool to screen the vignettes following the stroke education and DESTINY training module.
Results: Individual Pearson Correlation Coefficients (PCC) were calculated for each nurse compared to the vascular neurologist (range: 0.43860 to 0.96966; mean: 0.8746 ± 0.1484). All individual PCC were statistically significant except for one [PCC of 0.43860 (p = 0.0153)]. Cronbach’s Alpha scores were very similar across multiple raters (standardized alpha for nurse raters: 0.9853). Omnibus test to compare DESTINY scores by stroke type demonstrated left anterior LVO and mimic/TIA stroke had few outlier observations, however, poorly differentiated hemorrhagic from ischemic stroke
Conclusion: As demonstrated by high interrater reliability, the DESTINY tool can be effectively taught to ED nurses using clinical vignettes. The DESTINY tool is good at differentiating non-LVO, anterior LVO, mimics, and TIAs; while the ability to distinguish between anterior LVO/posterior LVO and ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke was sub-optimal. Utilizing the lessons learned in the early version of the DESTINY screening tool we expect that the high-reliability scores will continue to improve in future prospective studies.
Knowledge, Practices, and Attitude of University Students towards the Prevention of Viral Respiratory Infection (COVID-19)
Authors: Sarte Crisa 
Published: February 2021

Background: COVID-19 has affected the educational system, particularly students of higher educational institutions. Accurate knowledge about the disease, its transmission, and preventive measures are critical for containing an outbreak. University students, the next generation of professionals, may play an imperative role in propagating key health information to society.
Objectives: The study aims to assess the level of knowledge, the attitude of concern, and prevention practices among university students towards COVID-19 prevention.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at a private higher educational institution in Central Luzon, Holy Angel University. 357 university students were recruited as study participants from the university's different departments using the purposive sampling method, and data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire.
Results: Among the 357 university students who completed the questionnaires, most were females (58.5%). The results show a good level of attitude of concern and good knowledge of clinical manifestations of COVID-19. The students' most frequently stated source of transmission is exposure to coughing and sneezing via droplets. Additionally, wearing face masks was the most reported method of protection against the infection.
Conclusion: The study revealed that university students have adequate knowledge, practices, and attitude of concern towards COVID-19. To bridge the gap between current and required knowledge, it is essential to establish further professional educational campaigns to increase university students' awareness of the pandemic.