bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Landscape Elements Interfere in Hovenia Dulcis Thunb. Invasions in Subtropical Forest Fragments?
Authors: Brandalise Marciana , Milesi Silvia Vendruscolo , Sausen Tanise Luisa , Decian Vanderlei Secretti 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Changes in characteristics of landscape adjacent to forest fragments due to anthropic actions result in increased invasion of non-native species and biodiversity loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the invasion process of Hovenia dulcis (Thunb.) in forest fragments with different size and shape in order to relate the behavior of the invasion with landscape metrics. As a result, shape and size of the forest fragments do not influence the abundance of H. dulcis. However, a greater number of H. dulcis individuals are concentrated in the edge areas. The canopy, declivity and land use were not associated with the abundance of H. dulcis. The high abundance at the edge of forest fragments highlights the dynamics of the landscape in the study area that are marked by the agricultural matrix. The invasion process occurs regardless of the size and shape of the forest fragments.
Coal phase out and renewable electricity expansion under Paris targets
Authors: Pye Steve , Butnar Isabela , Mittal Shivika , Giarola Sara , Hawkes Adam , Beltramo Agnes , Usher Will , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Benitez Liliana , Niet Taco , Shivakumar Abhishek 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper provides insights into the implications of a global coal phaseout in the power generation sector across different regions under international climate targets. Using modelled scenarios, we highlight the strong rate of decline in new build and decommissioning of existing coal assets, and the growth in renewable capacity to not only fill the gap but meet growing demand for electricity. We find that key uncertainties exist across many of these pathways towards system decarbonisation. We also explore how regionally connected grids can help in transitioning away from coal whilst ensuring supply of electricity. Focusing on potential interconnection between India and the Gulf region, we find that this can be an important strategy for helping enable the transition based on increasing renewables, with regional interconnection encouraging coal phase-out even without a specific coal phase-out target. The technical modelling in this report requires further consideration, in respect of the other multiple benefits of a transition towards low carbon generation, but also the policy mechanisms that will enable delivery of what is a hugely challenging transition.
Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with West Nile infection in human in Madagascar: a cross-sectional serological survey
Authors: Olive Marie-Marie , Broban Anaïs , Andriamandimby Soa Fy , Dorsemans Anne-Claire , Ravalohery Jean-Pierre , Andriamamonjy Seta , Rakotomanana Fanjasoa , Rogier Christophe , Heraud Jean-Michel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: West Nile virus (WNV) is a vector-borne virus maintained through an arthropod-borne transmission cycle involving bird hosts and Culex mosquito species. The disease affects humans in North America, Europe, Africa and Indian Ocean islands including Madagascar. In Madagascar, despite the surveillance of WNV, unreported WNV encephalitis (WNE) are suspected. In order to improve WNE surveillance efficiency and optimize the available resources we aimed to estimate WNV human seroprevalence in different areas of the island, and to identify the environmental factors and areas favorable to WNV transmission in human.Methods: Between 2011 and 2013, during a national cross-sectional serological survey 1,680 individuals were sampled. Sera were tested for IgG directed against WNV using ELISA and Hemagglutination Inhibition assays. Then, we analyzed human serological results using Generalized Linear Mixed Models, with the individual serological status as the response, and environmental variables and human related factors as explanatory variables. Results : The overall human WNV seropositivity rate was 12.7% (95% CI [11.2-14.4]). Human seroprevalence was positively associated with humid environment (p<0.005) whereas cold and highlands environment had a significant negative effect on seroprevalence (p<0.001). Outdoor work had also a significant positive effect on seroprevalence (p<0.01, OR = 1.99).Conclusions: Our results indicate a heterogeneous circulation of WNV in human and highlights that humid environment of the northwestern part of the island is at-risk for WNV circulation whereas cold environment of the highlands is not favorable for WNV transmission in human. The identification of at-risk environments for WNV circulation in humans should help to improve the surveillance of the disease in Madagascar and is a first step to target future studies on acute encephalitis.Trial registration: The protocol was approved by the Malagasy competent authorities, the Malagasy Ethic National Committee (authorization N°066/MSAMP/CE, 26th July 2011).
Phylogeny of Graphostromatacea with Three Species Isolated in China
Authors: Li Qirui , Gong Xiaofeng , Zhang Xu , Pi Yinhui , Long Sihan , Wu Youpeng , Shen Xiangchun , Kang Yingqian , Kang Jichuan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Three species possessing characteristics of Graphostromataceae were observed in China. Morphology of the described species with illustrations and their phylogeny based on regions of internal transcribed spacers (ITS), the second largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RPB2), β-tubulin (TUB2) and α-actin (ACT) are provided. Two new species and one new record from China were identified. Morphologically, Biscogniauxia glaucae sp. nov. differs from B. atropunctata var. maritima, B. citriformis var. macrospora, B. fuscella and B. mediterranea by its stromata with raised margins, with clear outlines, with punctate ostioles openings and ascospores which are equilateral with broadly rounded ends, with a straight germ slit on the more concave side, nearly full spore length, lacking appendages and sheathes. ITS sequence difference between Graphostroma guizhouensis sp. nov and type strain of G. platystomum is 7%, which support identifying it as a new species. Camillea broomeana with scanning electron microscope description of ascospores was illustrated as a new record from China. Cryptostroma was proposed in Graphostromataceae based on molecular data. Vivantia was accepted in Graphostromataceae based on its morphological characteristics and Nodulisporiurn anamorphs which is similar with that of Biscogniauxia.
Pulmonary Embolism Risk Factors in the General Trauma Population: A Nested Case-Control Study Using Nationwide Trauma Registry Data in Japan
Authors: Iriyama Hiroki , Komori Akira , Kainoh Takako , Kondo Yutaka , Naito Toshio , Abe Toshikazu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Data assessing specific risk factors for post-traumatic pulmonary embolism (PE) are scarce.Methods: This was a nested case-control study using the Japan Trauma Data Bank between 2004 and 2017. We enrolled patients aged ≥ 16 years, Injury Severity Score ≥ 9, and length of hospital stay ≥ 2 days, with PE and without PE, using propensity score matching. We conducted logistic regression analyses to examine risk factors for PE.Results: We included 719 patients with PE and 3,595 patients without PE. Of these patients, 1,864 [43.2%] were male, and their median Interquartile Range (IQR) age was 73 [55–84] years. The major mechanism of injury was blunt (4,282 [99.3%]). Median [IQR] Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 10 [9–18]. In the multivariate analysis, the variables spinal injury [odds ratio (OR), 1.40 (1.03–1.89)]; long bone open fracture in upper extremity and lower extremity [OR, 1.51 (1.06–2.15) and OR, 3.69 (2.89–4.71), respectively]; central vein catheter [OR, 2.17 (1.44–3.27)]; and any surgery [OR, 4.48 (3.46–5.81)] were independently associated with PE.Conclusions: Spinal injury, long bone open fracture in extremities, central vein catheter placement, and any surgery were risk factors for post-traumatic PE.
Improvement of fucosylated oligosaccharides synthesis by α- L -fucosidase from Thermotoga maritima in water-organic cosolvent reaction system
Authors: Robles-Arias Mónica , García-Garibay Mariano , Alatorre-Santamaría Sergio , Tello-Solís Salvador R , Guzmán-Rodriguez Francisco , Gómez-Ruiz Lorena , Rodríguez-Serrano Gabriela , Cruz-Guerrero Alma 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The effects of water activity (aw), pH, and temperature on transglycosylation activity of α-L-fucosidase from Thermotoga maritima in the synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides were evaluated using different water - organic cosolvent reaction systems. The optimum conditions of transglycosylation reaction were the pH range between 7 and 10, and temperature 90–95°C. The addition of organic cosolvent decreased α-L-fucosidase transglycosylation activity in the following order: acetone > dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) > acetonitrile (0.51 > 0.42 > 0.18 mM/h). However, the presence of DMSO and acetone enhanced enzyme-catalyzed transglycosylation over hydrolysis as demonstrated by the obtained transglycosylation/hydrolysis rate (rT/H) values of 1.21 and 1.43, respectively. The lowest rT/H was calculated for acetonitrile (0.59), though all cosolvents tested improved the transglycosylation rate in comparison to a control assay (0.39). Overall, the study allowed the production of fucosylated oligosaccharides in water-organic cosolvent reaction media using α-L-fucosidase from Thermotoga maritima as biocatalyst.
Tunable Nonlinear Band Gaps in a Sandwich-Like Meta-Plate
Authors: Xue Yu , Li Jinqiang , Wang Yu , Li Fengming 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to explore the actual working mechanism of sandwich-like meta-plates by periodically attaching nonlinear mass-beam-spring (MBS) resonators for low-frequency wave absorption. The nonlinear MBS resonator consists of a mass, a cantilever beam and a spring that can provide negative stiffness in the transverse vibration of the resonator, and its stiffness is tunable by changing the parameters of the spring. Considering the nonlinear stiffness of the resonator, the energy method is applied to obtain the dispersion relation of the sandwich-like meta-plate and the band-gap bounds related to the amplitude of resonator is derived by dispersion analysis. For the finite sized sandwich-like meta-plate with the fully free boundary condition subjected to external excitations, its dynamic equation is also established by the Galerkin method. The frequency response analysis of the meta-plate is carried out by the numerical simulation, whose band-gap range demonstrates good agreement with the theoretical one. Results show that the band-gap range of the present meta-plate is tunable by the design of the structural parameters of the MBS resonator. Furthermore, by analyzing the vibration suppression of the finite sized meta-plate, it can be observed that the nonlinearity of resonators can widen the wave attenuation range of meta-plate.
Comparison of Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy For Renal Tumors With A RENAL Nephrometry Score≥7: A System Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhou Jin-Biao , Xiao Xin , Shi Tian-Li , Huang Xiao-Hui , Jiang Yu-Li 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background To compare the perioperative outcomes of robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) versus laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for complex renal tumors with a RENAL nephrometry score≥7. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register for studies from 2000 to 2020 to evaluate the perioperative outcomes of RPN and LPN in patients with a RENAL nephrometry score≥7. We used RevMan 5.2 to pool the data. Results Seven studies were acquired in our study. No significant differences were found in the estimated blood loss (WMD: 34.49; 95% CI: -75.16-144.14; p=0.54), hospital stay (WMD: -0.59; 95% CI: -1.24–0.06; p=0.07), positive surgical margin (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.65–1.11; p =0.23), major postoperative complications(OR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.52–1.54; p=0.69) and transfusion (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.48–1.08; p =0.11) between the groups. RPN showed better outcomes in the operating time (WMD: -22.45; 95% CI: -35.06 to -9.85; p=0.0005), postoperative renal function (WMD: 3.32; 95% CI: 0.73–5.91; p=0.01), warm ischemia time (WMD: -6.96; 95% CI: -7.30–-6.62; p <0.0001), conversion rate to radical nephrectomy (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.66; p=0.002) and intraoperative complications (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.28–0.97; p=0.04).Conclusions RPN showed better perioperative clinical outcomes than LPN for the treatment of complex renal tumors with a RENAL nephrometry score≥7.
Clinical And Laboratory Findings Of Late Onset Sepsis In Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants According To Causative Organisms
Authors: Park Kyung Hee , Bae Mi Hye , Lee Na Rae , Han Young Mi , Byun Shin-Yun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Late onset sepsis (LOS) remains a significant source of morbidity and mortality in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Early and accurate diagnosis is very important but is difficult due to the similarities in clinical manifestation between the causative microorganisms. We tried to identify the differences between causative microorganisms in clinical and laboratory findings, when sepsis was suspected in ELBW infants.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on preterm infants born at less than 28 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of less than 1,000 g between January 2009 and December 2019. Clinical and laboratory findings of suspected LOS were assessed. We classified them into three groups according to blood culture results (gram-positive, gram-negative, and fungal groups) and compared them. Results: A total of 107 patients were included after using the exclusion criteria, with 45 (31.5%) in the gram-positive group, 35 (17.5%) in the gram-negative group, and 27 (11.5%) in the fungal group. There were no significant differences in mean gestational age, birth weight, and neonatal morbidities, except for the age of onset, which was earlier in the fungal group than in the bacterial groups. White blood cell (WBC) counts were the highest in the gram-negative group and the lowest in the fungal group. The mean platelet counts were significantly lower in the fungal group (137,000/mm3, 100,000/mm3, and 61,000/mm3 in the gram-positive, gram-negative, and fungal groups, respectively; p< 0.001). C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher in the gram-negative group, while glucose was significantly higher in the fungal group. Conclusion: In conclusion, we showed that there are some differences in laboratory findings, according to causative microorganisms, in the LOS of ELBW infants. WBC and CRP were increased in gram-negative infection, and thrombocytopenia and hyperglycemia were predominant in fungal infection. These data may be helpful for choosing empirical antibiotics when sepsis is suspected.
Displacement Evolution of Reverse-Dip Rock Slope Considering the Change of the Reservoir Level
Authors: Xie Liangfu , Zhang Jiabing , Qin Yongjun , Wang Jianhu , Qiao Wei , Qian Jiangu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the toppling deformation characteristics of the displacement evolution in different portions for a reverse-dip rock slope, through a case study of Xiaodongcao slope in Chongqing city, China. Firstly, the elevation, slope angle, and aspect were obtained by the field survey, and then they were adopted in the partitioning process related to geological and geometrical conditions by the ArcGIS packages. Secondly, the spatiotemporal cloud map of the displacement was obtained by discrete monitoring data of surface displacement of the slope. Finally, the topping deformation was determined by superposing the cloud map of the displacement and the geometrical partition, considering the change of the reservoir level. The main findings are summarized as follows: (1) the horizontal displacement is close to the total one, meaning that the slope topping deformation is mainly in the horizontal orientation.(2) In the front and middle edges of the slope, the horizontal displacement is pronounced, which increases with the increase of the reservoir level and vice versa. The vertical displacement mainly occurs in the trailing of the slope, which increases when the reservoir level changes. (3) The area in relation to the strong superposed displacement increases with the variation of the reservoir level. The largest area of superposed displacement is distributed at medium gradient, low elevation and north aspect zones.
Controlling The Root System Architecture In Rice: Impact of Genes, Phytohormones And Root Microbiota
Authors: Verma Pankaj K , Verma Shikha , Pandey Nalini 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn order to feed expanding population, new crop varieties were generated which significantly contribute to world food security. However, the growth of these improved plants varieties relied primarily on synthetic fertilizers, which negatively affect the environment as well as human health. Plants adapt to adverse environmental changes by adopting root systems through architectural changes at the root-type and tissue-specific changes and nutrient uptake efficiency. ScopePlants adapt and operate distinct pathways at various stages of development in order to optimally establish their root systems, such as change in the expression profile of genes, changes in phytohormone level and microbiome induced Root System Architecture (RSA) modification. Many scientific studies have been carried out to understand plant response to microbial colonization and how microbes involved in RSA improvement through phytohormone level and transcriptomic changes.ConclusionIn this review, we spotlight the impact of genes, phytohormones and root microbiota on RSA and provide specific, critical new insights that have been resulted from recent studies on rice root as a model. First, we discuss new insights into the genetic regulation of RSA. Next, hormonal regulation of root architecture and the impact of phytohormones in crown root and root branching is discussed. Finally, we discussed the impact of root microbiota in RSA modification and summarized the current knowledge about the biochemical and central molecular mechanisms involved.
Dissecting the Chromosome-Level Genome of The Asian Clam (Corbicula Fluminea)
Authors: Zhang Tongqing , Yin Jiawen , Tang Shengkai , Li Daming , Gu Xiankun , Zhang Shengyu , Suo Weiguo , Liu Xiaowei , Liu Yanshan , Jiang Qicheng , Zhao Muzi , Yin Yue , Pan Jianlin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea) is a valuable commercial and medicinal bivalve, which is widely distributed in East and Southeast Asia. As a natural nutrient source, the clam is high in protein, amino acids, and microelements. The genome of C. fluminea has not yet been characterized; therefore, genome-assisted breeding and improvements cannot yet be implemented. In this work, we present a de novo chromosome-scale genome assembly of C. fluminea using PacBio and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The assembled genome comprised 4,728 contigs, with a contig N50 of 521.06 Kb, and 1,215 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of 70.62 Mb. More than 1.51Gb (99.17%) of genomic sequences were anchored to 18 chromosomes, of which 1.40 Gb (92.81%) of genomic sequences were ordered and oriented. The genome contains 38,841 coding genes, 32,591 (83.91%) of which were annotated in at least one functional database. Compared with related species, C. fluminea had 851 expanded gene families and 191 contracted gene families. The phylogenetic tree showed that C. fluminea diverged from Ruditapes philippinarum, ~ 228.89 million years ago (Mya), and the genomes of C. fluminea and R. philippinarum shared 244 syntenic blocks. Additionally, we identified 2 MITF members and 99 NLRP members in C. fluminea genome. The high-quality and chromosomal Asian Clam genome will be a valuable resource for a range of development and breeding studies of C. fluminea in future research.
Whole Genome Analysis of the Extensively Drug Resistant Clinical Klebsiella Pneumonia Isolates from the Military Hospital in Vietnam
Authors: Van Ha Thi Thu , Thuy Vo Thi Bich , Hieu Nguyen Duc , Son Nguyen Thai 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

The over using of antibiotics in hospitals, communities and agriculture has raised drug resistance in Vietnam. Recently, Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pneumoniae) emerged as the main agent causing hospital infections because of the alarming resistance to carbapenem and high mortality. The purpose of this study was to identify the antibiotic resistance pattern, gene carbapenemase expression and mutation that related to drug resistance mechanisms of K.pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples in the Military Hospital 103 in Vietnam.
Methods

Seventeen extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains were completed whole genome sequence, analyzed by bioinformatics, and confirmed using PCR and Sanger sequence methods.
Results

K.pneumoniae showed resistance to almost fifteen antibiotics with very high rates of over 70%, only sensitive to colistin 100%. There is a correlation between carpabenem resistance and XDR status in the K.pnemoniae group. Analysis Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) reported the total of 9/17 strains belong to ST15, after that ST11 (4/17), ST656 (2/17), ST 16 (1/17) and ST395 (1/17). Most of the K.pneumoniae isolates harbored the widely distributed ESBL genes, e.g. NDM, SHV, OXA, KPC, TEM and CTX-M, in which, the most prevalent carbapenemase genes were NDM-1, NDM-4, OXA-48, OXA-181 and KPC-2. Especially, two strains demonstrated resistance to a wide range of antibiotics and showed the novel drug resistance gene mutation, namely Pro187Ala in NDM-4 gene and Gly25Ser in KPC-2 gene of MH16-335M and MH17-011M, respectively.
Conclusion

Our study adds new and significant DNA sequence data on K.pneumoniae strains and demonstrates the value of whole-genome sequencing in characterizing multidrug resistance in clinical isolates.