bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Variations of Sediment Discharge and In‐Reach Sediment Budget in the Yellow River From the Headwater to the Delta
Authors: Yin Shihua , Gao Guangyao , Ran Lishan , Lu Xixi , Fu Bojie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStrong anthropogenic activities and climate change have caused distinct hydrology and sediment dynamics in river systems worldwide. Yet, the integrated picture of sediment discharge changes and quantitative attribution of these changes from a basin‐wide perspective were limitedly understood. In this study, we quantified the variations of sediment discharge and in‐reach sediment budget in the Yellow River basin (YRB) during 1956–2019 and examined the underlying reasons. Both streamflow and sediment load in the YRB have substantially decreased during 1956–2000 except the headwater, and the reduction rate increased along the mainstem. However, the streamflow has significantly increased (p < 0.05) since 2000 due to increased precipitation, and the sediment load at most stations tended to stabilize. The contribution of soil conservation measures (SCMs, including check‐dams, terraces, grass plantation, and afforestation) and reservoirs to sediment load reduction was more than 50% in the headwater and middle reaches and over 90% in the upper and lower reaches. The sediment yield coefficient decreased linearly with reservoir capacity and exponentially with the proportional area of SCMs (p < 0.01). With continuous dam construction, the channel erosion in the headwater decreased to nearly zero, and the sediment deposition in the upper and middle reaches increased linearly with storage capacity of reservoirs. In contrast, the sediment deposition in the lower reaches displayed a linear correlation with the concentration of sediment derived from the middle reaches (p < 0.05). This study provides quantitative results for sediment dynamics of entire river system, which facilitates development of sustainable watershed management strategies.
Comparative analysis of default mode networks in major psychiatric disorders using resting-state EEG
Authors: Choi Kang-Min , Kim Jeong-Youn , Kim Yong-Wook , Han Jung-Won , Im Chang-Hwan , Lee Seung-Hwan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDefault mode network (DMN) is a set of functional brain structures coherently activated when individuals are in resting-state. In this study, we constructed multi-frequency band resting-state EEG-based DMN functional network models for major psychiatric disorders to easily compare their pathophysiological characteristics. Phase-locking values (PLVs) were evaluated to quantify functional connectivity; global and nodal clustering coefficients (CCs) were evaluated to quantify global and local connectivity patterns of DMN nodes, respectively. DMNs of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, schizophrenia (SZ), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were constructed relative to their demographically-matched healthy control groups. Overall DMN patterns were then visualized and compared with each other. In global CCs, SZ and AD showed hyper-clustering in the theta band; OCD, MCI, and AD showed hypo-clustering in the low-alpha band; OCD and MDD showed hypo-clustering and hyper-clustering in low-beta, and high-beta bands, respectively. In local CCs, disease-specific patterns were observed. In the PLVs, lowered theta-band functional connectivity between the left lingual gyrus and the left hippocampus was frequently observed. Our comprehensive comparisons suggest EEG-based DMN as a useful vehicle for understanding altered brain networks of major psychiatric disorders.
Peculiar X-ray transient SRGA J043520.9+552226/AT2019wey discovered with SRG/ART-XC
Authors: Mereminskiy I. A. , Dodin A. V. , Lutovinov A. A. , Semena A. N. , Arefiev V. A. , Atapin K. E. , Belinski A. A. , Burenin R. A. , Burlak M. V. , Eselevich M. V. , Fedotieva A. A. , Gilfanov M. R. , Ikonnikova N. P. , Krivonos R. A. , Lapshov I. Yu. , Lyapin A. R. , Medvedev P. S. , Molkov S. V. , Postnov K. A. , Pshirkov M. S. , Sazonov S. Yu. , Shakura N. I. , Shtykovsky A. E. , Sunyaev R. A. , Tatarnikov A. M. , Tkachenko A. Yu. , Zheltoukhov S. G. 
Published: November 2021

Context. During its ongoing all-sky survey, the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC (Astronomical Roentgen Telescope - X-ray Concentrator) telescope on board the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory is set to discover new X-ray sources, many of which can be transient. Here we report the discovery and multiwavelength follow-up of a peculiar X-ray source SRGA J043520.9+552226 = SRGe J043523.3+552234. This is the high-energy counterpart of the optical transient AT2019wey.
Aims. Through its sensitivity and the survey strategy, the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC telescope uncovers poorly studied weak transient populations. Using the synergy with current public optical surveys, we aim to reveal the nature of these transients to study their parent populations. SRGA J043520.9+552226 is the first transient detected by ART-XC that has a bright optical counterpart suitable for further studies.
Methods. We used available public X-ray and optical data and observations with SRG, INTEGRAL, NuSTAR, NICER, Swift, and ground-based telescopes to investigate the spectral energy distributions of the source in different phases of the outburst.
Results. Based on X-ray spectral and timing properties derived from space observations, optical spectroscopy, and photometry obtained with the 2.5 m and RC600 telescopes of the Caucasian Mountain Observatory of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute of Moscow State University, we propose that the source is a black hole in a low-mass close X-ray binary system.
Multi-threaded prominence oscillations triggered by a coronal shock wave
Authors: Jerčić V. , Keppens R. , Zhou Y. 
Published: November 2021

Context. Understanding the interplay between ubiquitous coronal shock waves and the resulting prominence oscillations is a key factor in improving our knowledge of prominences and the solar corona overall. In particular, prominences are a key element of the solar corona and represent a window into an as yet unexplained processes in the Sun’s atmosphere.
Aims. To date, most studies on oscillations of prominences have ignored their finer structure and analyzed them strictly as monolithic bodies. In this work, we study the causal relations between a localised energy release and a remote prominence oscillation, where the prominence has a realistic thread-like structure.
Methods. In our work, we used an open source magnetohydrodynamic code known as MPI-AMRVAC to create a multi-threaded prominence body. In this domain, we introduced an additional energy source from which a shock wave originates, thereby inducing prominence oscillation. We studied two cases with different source amplitudes to analyze its effect on the oscillations.
Results. Our results show that the frequently used pendulum model does not suffice to fully estimate the period of the prominence oscillation, in addition to showing that the influence of the source and the thread-like prominence structure needs to be taken into account. Repeated reflections and transmissions of the initial shock wave occur at the specific locations of multiple high-temperature and high-density gradients in the domain. This includes the left and right transition region located at the footpoints of the magnetic arcade, as well as the various transition regions between the prominence and the corona. This results in numerous interferences of compressional waves propagating within and surrounding the prominence plasma. They contribute to the restoring forces of the oscillation, causing the period to deviate from the expected pendulum model, in addition to leading to differences in attributed damping or even growth in amplitude between the various threads. Along with the global longitudinal motion that result from the shock impact, small-scale transverse oscillations are also evident. Multiple high-frequency oscillations represent the propagation of magnetoacoustic waves. The damping we see is linked to the conversion of energy and its exchange with the surrounding corona. Our simulations demonstrate the exchange of energy between different threads and their different modes of oscillation.
Rheumatologische Erkrankungen und der
Gastrointestinaltrakt
Authors: Maul Jochen 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie meisten rheumatologischen Krankheitsbilder können Einfluss auf den
Gastrointestinaltrakt haben. Dabei können intestinale Manifestationen
(z. B. rheumatoide Vaskulitis, IgG4-assoziierte Pankreatitis,
IgG4-assoziierte Cholangitis, Lupus-Enteritis, Polyarteriitis nodosa, Purpura
Schoenlein-Henoch, nekrotisierende Vaskulitis), assoziierte intestinale
Erkrankungen (chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen (CED),
Zöliakie) und intestinale Komplikationen der rheumatologischen
Erkrankung (z. B. Amyloidose, erosive Refluxerkrankung bei Sklerodermie)
bzw. ihrer Behandlung (z. B. NSAR-Magenulcus, MTX-Mukositis,
Soor-Ösophagitis, intestinale Tuberkulose, ulzerierende
HSV-Ösophagitis, CMV-Kolitis) voneinander abgegrenzt werden. Dadurch
kommen gastrointestinale Symptome bei Patienten mit rheumatologischen
Erkrankungen sehr häufig vor. Die Diagnosestellung (er)fordert
Gastroenterologen im interdisziplinären Behandlungsnetzwerk mit
Rheumatologen. Insbesondere bei Behandlung von CED ergeben sich für die
überschneidenden Zulassungsindikationen der zur Verfügung
stehenden Medikamente in der interdisziplinären Absprache zwischen
Rheumatologen und Gastroenterologen synergistische Behandlungsoptionen.
Validation of Risk Assessment Models Predicting Venous Thromboembolism in Inpatients with Acute Exacerbation Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study in China
Authors: Zhou Chen , Yi Qun , Ge Huiqing , Wei Hailong , Liu Huiguo , Zhang Jianchu , Luo Yuanming , Pan Pinhua , Zhang Jiarui , Peng Lige , Aili Adila , Liu Yu , Wang Maoyun , Tang Yongjiang , Wang Lan , Zhong Xia , Wang Yixi , Zhou Haixia ,   On behalf of the MAGNET AECOPD Registry Investigators
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Inpatients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE); however, the prophylaxis for VTE is largely underused in China. Identifying high-risk patients requiring thromboprophylaxis is critical to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with VTE. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the validities of the Padua Prediction Score and Caprini risk assessment model (RAM) in predicting the risk of VTE in inpatients with AECOPD in China.
Methods The inpatients with AECOPD were prospectively enrolled from seven medical centers of China between September 2017 and January 2020. Caprini and Padua scores were calculated on admission, and the incidence of 3-month VTE was investigated.
Results Among the 3,277 eligible patients with AECOPD, 128 patients (3.9%) developed VTE within 3 months after admission. The distribution of the study population by the Caprini risk level was as follows: high, 53.6%; moderate, 43.0%; and low, 3.5%. The incidence of VTE increased by risk level as high, 6.1%; moderate, 1.5%; and low, 0%. According to the Padua RAM, only 10.9% of the study population was classified as high risk and 89.1% as low risk, with the corresponding incidence of VTE of 7.9 and 3.4%, respectively. The Caprini RAM had higher area under curve compared with the Padua RAM (0.713 ± 0.021 vs. 0.644 ± 0.023, p = 0.029).
Conclusion The Caprini RAM was superior to the Padua RAM in predicting the risk of VTE in inpatients with AECOPD and might better guide thromboprophylaxis in these patients.
Copper(II)-Catalyzed [3+2] Annulation of Thioamides with AIBN: Facile Access to Highly Functionalized Thiazolidin-4-ones
Authors: Singh Maya Shankar , Pali Pragya , Yadav Dhananjay , Shukla Gaurav 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn efficient and versatile copper-catalyzed intermolecular radical [3+2] annulation of thioamides with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) is described. This two-component copper(II)-catalyzed transformation is achieved in one pot via cascade formation of C–S/C–N bonds through cyclization of an in situ generated N,S-acetal intermediate derived from a β-ketothioamide. This operationally simple method allows direct access to synthetically demanding thiazolidin-4-ones in good to excellent yields containing diverse functional groups of different electronic and steric nature. The readily available reaction partners, the avoidance of expensive/toxic reagents and a gram-scale synthesis are additional attributes of this strategy. AIBN plays a dual role as a radical initiator and an unusual source of a two-carbon coupling partner. Notably, the products possess Z stereochemistry with regard to the exo­cyclic C=C double bond at position 2 of the thiazolidine ring.
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Personality Types of Ophthalmology Residents
Authors: Haidar Mohamad , Ridha Faisal , Ling John , Akhter Mashal , Kueny Laura , Sabbagh Osama , Kim Chaesik , Chin Loy Katrina 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective This study attempts to use the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) to analyze personality types among current and recent ophthalmology residents. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence rates of each specific personality type in ophthalmology, and whether these changed by level of training, training program, or fellowship selection. The study aimed to evaluate whether certain personality types are more prevalent in ophthalmology as a unique medical specialty. This can help understand specialty choice and potentially predict trends in specialty selection.
Study Design After obtaining institutional review board approval from Howard University Hospital, an electronic version of the MBTI questionnaire, form M, was sent to participants. In addition to the questionnaire, participants responded to four questions inquiring about home program, postgraduate training level, subspecialty interest, and work environment (if applicable). The anonymous responses of the surveys were automatically scored on google forms, and the results were analyzed by using StatView statistical analysis.
Setting This study was conducted at Howard University, Georgetown University, George Washington University, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, and Kresge Eye Institute.
Participants A total of 66 current residents and recent graduates of five residency programs were involved in this study.
Main Outcomes and Measures This study evaluated four-letter personality type from each participant.
Results Ophthalmology residents were statistically more likely to be identified in the categories of extroversion (E) than introversion (I) (p = 0.049), thinking (T) than feeling (F) (p = 0.027), and judging (J) than perceiving (P) (p = 0.007), with no statistically significant difference between sensing (S) and intuition (N). ENTP, ESTJ, and ISTJ were the most common personality types, each comprising 13.6% of the sample population. The ratio of J:P was found to increase as training level increased, beginning with postgraduate 2nd year until graduate level.
Conclusion Certain personality types are more common among ophthalmology residents in our cohort from five different training programs. It is possible that individual types change over the course of residency training and career. Understanding that these findings exist can be used as a baseline for future research in terms of potential predictors for applicants, of resident knowledge base, and personality changes over the course of one's training.
A Comparative Analysis of Use of Google Glass versus. GoPro Intraoperative Video Recording of Scleral Buckle Surgery
Authors: Soares Rebecca R. , Sieber Melissa R. , Talcott Katherine E. , Chiang Allen , Garg Sunir J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Importance The scleral buckle technique is difficult to teach, given a decrease in the frequency of its use and the challenges of its video recording.
Background This study compares two different modalities for recording intraoperative videos of scleral buckle surgery.
Design Present study is a cross-sectional survey conducted in an academic hospital.
Participants A total of 36 medical students, ophthalmologic residents, and vitreoretinal surgery fellows participated in this survey.
Methods Five scleral buckle surgeries were filmed simultaneously using Google Glass and GoPro. Single-masked survey of trainees comparing video and audio quality of 38 10-second clips from each device, and listing the steps of scleral buckle surgery. Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained.
Main Outcome Measures Trainees were asked for grading the video device with respect to audio and video quality as favorable or unfavorable.
Results GoPro clips had more favorable ratings of video (73.3%) and audio (75.9%), compared with Google Glass (36.7 and 58.5%, respectively; p < 0.005). A total of 2.8% respondents listed the correct order of surgical steps in pretest, compared with 55.6% in posttest (p < 0.005).
Conclusion and Relevance Wearable recording devices can allow for video recording of scleral buckle surgery which has high utility in teaching trainees. GoPro and Google Glass each have distinct advantages.
Clinical Profile of Hoarseness of Voice: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Deosthale Nitin , Soni Asha Jadia , Khadakkar Sonali Prabhakar , Wani Mateen Khursheed , Dhote Kanchan Sandeep , Methwani Disha Amar , Garikapati Pavani , Harkare Vivek , Dhoke Priti Rakesh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction Hoarseness is a symptom with a varied etiology ranging from inflammatory condition, benign lesions to malignant lesions. Benign conditions are more common than malignant. Proper knowledge of clinical profile and evaluation is necessary to treat the cause.
Objective It was conducted with the aim to study the clinical profile of patients with hoarseness of voice.
Materials and Methods It was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 2 years conducted at Department of ENT at Tertiary Health Care Hospital, India. Patients aged above 10 years presenting with hoarseness of voice were included in the study. After detailed history related to sociodemographic particulars, clinical examinations including Hopkin’s rod examination in all patients and direct laryngoscopy, and radiological and histopathological examination were performed whenever indicated.
Results Out of total 100 patients, maximum patients (32%) were in the age group of 21 to 30 years. There was slight male preponderance with male:female ratio of 1.17:1. Laborer (29%) was the major group affected in terms of occupation. Most common predisposing factor was smoking (35%). Commonest etiology for hoarseness of voice was chronic laryngitis (20%).
Conclusion Hoarseness of voice as a symptom should never be ignored as its etiology may range from simple infection to malignancy. At our tertiary care center majority of patients come from rural area. Most of the etiological factors found in our study were treatable medically or surgically. Early diagnosis is the key to improve the outcome of treatment.
Implant Impression Making: Take-Off Guide for Beginners
Authors: Dhanda Aaina , Kalra Tarun , Kumar Manjit , Bansal Ajay , Sharma Ruchi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDental implants are fixtures that constitute for the replacements of the root of a missing natural tooth. Dental implant therapy has been widely used for the restoration of partially and fully edentulous patients. The implant literature emphasizes the importance of a passively fitting prosthesis to prevent prosthodontic complications or even loss of fixture integration. Failure to achieve a passively fitting prosthesis and force tightening of superstructure may result in complications such as abutment, framework, and gold screw loosening or fracture. Various materials that can be used for making an implant impression are polyether, polyvinylsiloxane, condensation silicone, polysulfide, irreversible hydrocolloid material, and various others. There are various studies in relation to the accuracy of these impression materials out of which various scientists concluded different results with most studies stating polyether with the maximum amount of dimensional accuracy in comparison to other materials. An accurate implant impression plays a significant role and serves as a starting point in the process of producing good working casts. Thus, the accuracy of impression techniques becomes a significant issue in consideration of passive fit. Reproduction of intraoral relationship of implants through impression procedures is the first step in achieving accurate fit prosthesis. This transference is still complicated by the number, angulation, depth, and position of implants. The advent of computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing technology improved the framework fabrication procedures and has increased the precision of fit of implant prosthesis.
Elucidating Authorship Issues as an Element of Research Quality at Thailand’s National Science and Technology Development Agency
Authors: Luepongpattana Sudarat , Soonmongkol Aviga , Laorrattanasak Supattra , Prucksunand Ansucha , Palittapongarnpim Prasit 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Authorship in a scientific publication is an indicator of significant intellectual contribution in scientific work. Regardless of the discipline, it is important for research-related personnel to receive credit and take responsibility for their publications. There are currently several systems of listing authorship that arise from many factors such as research complexity, pressure to obtain funding, hierarchical structure, and promotion. Some of these may unfortunately lead to authorship abuse. Raising awareness and understanding of authorship guidelines can help prevent abuses and disputes. National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) is a national research agency of Thailand with about 2 000 research staff members. The research emphasis of the agency is mainly technology development for application in broad areas, ranging from engineering to medicine, including forensic science. We conducted a survey to identify the level of awareness of NSTDA research staff and their authorship practices. A questionnaire was designed based on the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) authorship guidelines and used to survey 15% of randomly selected NSTDA research staff. Nearly 90% of them responded to the interview. Among the respondents, 60% were not sure about authorship criteria. When presented with the ICMJE criteria, more than 90% agreed with the criteria except for the third one, approval of the final manuscript before submission, 33% of respondents thought that authors are only responsible for their particular contribution. However, nearly 80% agreed that every author is responsible for the integrity of the whole manuscript. These results offered an important foundation for forming a strategy to raise awareness about authorship in NSTDA. Following survey analysis, we organized several seminars and developed learning materials and an authorship guideline to increase the level of awareness of authorship for researchers.