bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovation comprehensive solutions for off-gases cleaning in steel industry. Technical solutions for dusty gas flows cleaning
Authors: Serebryanskii D. A. , Korolev M. N. , Antonov M. V. , Tyapkova I. O. 
Published: May 2021

Metallurgical production associates with such processes as crushing, drying and pneumatic transportation of raw materials, roasting, melting etc., in the process of which hard particles and harmful gaseous components are emitted into atmosphere. At pneumatic transportation of raw materials and sand, their concentration in the atmosphere as a rule exceeds maximum permissible concentrations. Existing facilities of dusty flows cleaning in some cases don’t ensure sanitary norms ГН 2.1.6.3492‒17. Technical solutions proposed to clean gases in a centrifugal filter, a facility of complex gas cleaning – cyclo-filter and two-stage system of high-concentrated gas-dust flows cleaning. Description of the centrifugal filter, cyclo-filter, two-stage facility of gas cleaning design presented. The facility comprises centrifugal filter and ceramic pulse filter. Industrial tests of the centrifugal filter ЦФ2-6-1 under conditions of a system of pneumatic transportation of sand established, that efficiency of gas-dust flows cleaning of sand particles in a six-channel filter can reach 98.65%. Application of two-stage system of gas cleaning comprising centrifugal filter and ceramic pulse filter ФКИ enables to reach residual hard particles concentration at the exit of such a facility of 5 mg/m3, having initial dust level of 127878 mg/m3. Application of such a complex two-stage cleaning facility allows to reach values of 0.1 of maximum permissible concentrations near the source of emissions.
Análisis de las normativas tributarias 2020, en aplicación con las microempresas de la ciudad de Cuenca.
Authors: Becerra Molina Edison , Neira Cedeño Miguel Ángel 
Published: May 2021

Este artículo se basa en el proyecto de investigación denominado “Estudio para determinar la importancia de la información contable y financiera ante la incertidumbre del Covid-19, en la MIPYMES en el entorno de los negocios en la Región 6, en el caso concreto nuestro estudio se asienta en el análisis de las nuevas obligaciones tributarias, con génesis en la ciudad de Cuenca de los contribuyentes de las MIPYMES, sobre la aplicación de la Ley Orgánica de Simplificación y Progresividad Tributaria y su reglamento, se incluyen también a emprendedores que cumplan con la condición de microempresas, según lo establecido en el Código Orgánico de la Producción, Comercio e Inversiones. Por su parte pertenecerán a este catastro siempre que no se encuentren dentro de las limitaciones previstas en la normativa. El propósito de este estudio es determinar el comportamiento de los contribuyentes y cuál será su efecto, ya que tienen que acumular los recursos que necesitarán para pagar sus obligaciones tributarias, durante los primeros días del mes de enero del 2021, consecuencia de los ingresos del ejercicio fiscal del 2020, y la tarifa del 2% de los ingresos totales por ventas que se les imponen, independientemente de los resultados del ejercicio fiscal. Forman parte del régimen microempresarial, cuyo ingreso anual o ingreso total sea igual o menor a US$ 300.000.00, y que cuenten con hasta 9 trabajadores a la fecha de publicación del catastro, para dicha categorización, prevalecerá el monto de ingresos sobre la condición de número de trabajadores, la administración tributaria también incluye a pequeños empresarios, empresarios, personas naturales o personas obligadas o no a llevar contabilidad, y sociedades con ingresos totales iguales o menores a las cifras ya mencionadas estipuladas en el nuevo régimen. Para calcular el tamaño de la muestra el entorno se lo realizo a una población objetiva en la ciudad de cuenca, de manera que se efectuó un criterio de selección, inclusión y exclusión de las cuales 100 personas aceptaron, entre ellas empresarios, microempresarios, personas naturales obligadas a llevar contabilidad, personas naturales no obligadas a llevar contabilidad, mediante un ambiente aleatorio, para de esa manera conocer su opinión sobre la normativa y resoluciones emitiditas por el Servicio de Rentas Internas. La metodología utilizada en el estudio se describe a partir del análisis bibliográfico, y la aplicación del instrumento del cuestionario, que permitió revisar, analizar, diagnosticar y determinar los efectos que pueda propiciar. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que es necesario una actualización al Catastro y Reforma de la Ley Orgánica de Simplificación y progresividad Tributaria, con respecto a establecer una excepción al pago del impuesto del 2% sobre las ventas en el caso de los Microempresarios que registren pérdidas en el periodo fiscal.
Influência da vegetação no conforto térmico urbano em município do Sul do Tocantins
Authors: Neres Danillo Lopes , Silva Luma Rafaela Carvalho da , Pereira Miréia Aparecida Bezerra 
Published: May 2021

O ambiente urbano deve ser um local onde o conforto do usuário seja alcançado. Em muitos casos, porém, os ambientes urbanos não oferecem condições adequadas de conforto, seja ele térmico, acústico, luminoso ou visual. A cidade em si é uma grande mudança climática, devido às grandes áreas pavimentadas e à diminuição dos espaços verdes, a camada de ar nas áreas urbanas tende a ser mais quente do que nas áreas rurais. Além disso, a atividade humana desenvolvida nas cidades gera profundas mudanças no clima local, que também podem alterar a temperatura e o regime de chuvas na região dessa forma, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a influência da vegetação urbana na temperatura e umidade relativa do ar no município de Gurupi a fim de despertar a possibilidade de propor projetos urbanos e construções com uso de áreas arborizadas. Para análise e comparação da influência da vegetação nos aspectos de conforto térmico/temperatura e umidade do ar, as medições serão realizadas em cinco áreas na região central do município de Gurupi-TO, para o levantamento de dados, foi utilizado um Termômetro digital com a coleta dos parâmetros ambientais de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar. Quanto aos valores referentes à umidade relativa do ar, a área 01, apresentou média de 36%, área 2, média de umidade em 34%, na área 3, a média ficou em 34%, na área 4 médias 38% e na área 5 médias de 40%. Os resultados permitem auxiliar o planejamento da cidade de Gurupi, podendo ser adotada para proposição de espaços urbanos com maior qualidade de vida para a população.
Sex-Based Differences in Autologous Cell Therapy Trials in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: Subanalysis of the ACCRUE Database
Authors: Haller Paul M. , Gyöngyösi Mariann , Chacon-Alberty Lourdes , Hochman-Mendez Camila , Sampaio Luiz C. , Taylor Doris A. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Sex-based differences are under-studied in cardiovascular trials as women are commonly underrepresented in dual sex studies, even though major sex-based differences in epidemiology, pathophysiology, and outcomes of cardiovascular disease have been reported. We examined sex-based differences in patient characteristics, outcome, and BM-CD34+ frequency of the ACCRUE (Meta-Analysis of Cell-based CaRdiac studies) database involving patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) randomized to autologous cell-based or control treatment.Methods: We compared baseline characteristics and 1-year follow-up clinical data: composite major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (primary endpoint), and changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), end-diastolic (EDV), and end-systolic volumes (ESV) (secondary efficacy endpoint) in women and men (N = 1,252; 81.4% men). Secondary safety endpoints included freedom from hard clinical endpoints.Results: In cell-treated groups, women but not men had a lower frequency of stroke, AMI, and mortality than controls. The frequency of BM-CD34+ cells was significantly correlated with baseline EDV and ESV and negatively correlated with baseline LVEF in both sexes; a left shift in regression curve in women indicated a smaller EDV and ESV was associated with higher BM-CD34+ cells in women.Conclusions: Sex differences were found in baseline cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac function and in outcome responses to cell therapy.
Global and Spatial Compartmental Interrelationships of Bone Density, Microstructure, Geometry and Biomechanics in the Distal Radius in a Colles’ Fracture Study Using HR-pQCT
Authors: Shiraishi Kazuteru , Burghardt Andrew J. , Osaki Makoto , Khosla Sundeep , Carballido-Gamio Julio 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundBone parameters derived from HR-pQCT have been investigated on a parameter-by-parameter basis for different clinical conditions. However, little is known regarding the interrelationships of bone parameters and the spatial distribution of these interrelationships. In this work: 1) we investigate compartmental interrelationships of bone parameters; 2) assess the spatial distribution of interrelationships of bone parameters; and 3) compare interrelationships of bone parameters between postmenopausal women with and without a recent Colles’ fracture.MethodsImages from the unaffected radius in fracture cases (n=84), and from the non-dominant radius of controls (n=98) were obtained using HR-pQCT. Trabecular voxel-based maps of local bone volume fraction (L.Tb.BV/TV), homogenized volumetric bone mineral density (H.Tb.BMD), homogenized μFEA-derived strain energy density (H.Tb.SED), and homogenized inter-trabecular distances (H.Tb.1/N) were generated; as well as surface-based maps of apparent cortical bone thickness (Surf.app.Ct.Th), porosity-weighted cortical bone thickness (Surf.Ct.SIT), mean cortical BMD (Surf.Ct.BMD), and mean cortical SED (Surf.Ct.SED). Anatomical correspondences across the parametric maps in the study were established via spatial normalization to a common template. Mean values of the parametric maps before spatial normalization were used to assess compartmental Spearman’s rank partial correlations of bone parameters (e.g., between H.Tb.BMD and L.Tb.BV/TV or between Surf.Ct.BMD and Surf.app.Ct.Th). Spearman’s rank partial correlations were also assessed for each voxel and vertex of the spatially normalized parametric maps, thus generating maps of Spearman’s rank partial correlation coefficients. Correlations were performed independently within each group, and compared between groups using the Fisher’s Z transformation.ResultsAll within-group global trabecular and cortical Spearman’s rank partial correlations were significant; and the correlations of H.Tb.BMD–L.Tb.BV/TV, H.Tb.BMD–H.Tb.1/N, L.Tb.BV/TV–H.Tb.1/N, Surf.Ct.BMD–Surf.Ct.SED and Surf.Ct.SIT–Surf.Ct.SED were significantly different between controls and fracture cases. The spatial analyses revealed significant heterogeneous voxel- and surface-based correlation coefficient maps across the distal radius for both groups; and the correlation maps of H.Tb.BMD–L.Tb.BV/TV, H.Tb.BMD–H.Tb.1/N, L.Tb.BV/TV–H.Tb.1/N, H.Tb.1/N–H.Tb.SED and Surf.app.Ct.Th - Surf.Ct.SIT yielded small clusters of significant correlation differences between groups.DiscussionThe heterogeneous spatial distribution of interrelationships of bone parameters assessing density, microstructure, geometry and biomechanics, along with their global and local differences between controls and fracture cases, may help us further understand different bone mechanisms of bone fracture.
Tumor-Derived Autophagosomes (DRibbles) Activate Human B Cells to Induce Efficient Antigen-Specific Human Memory T-Cell Responses
Authors: Ren Hongyan , Zhang Tianyu , Wang Yongren , Yao Qi , Wang Ziyu , Zhang Luyao , Wang Lixin 
Published: May 2021

We have reported that tumor-derived autophagosomes (DRibbles) were efficient carriers of tumor antigens and DRibbles antigens could be present by DRibbles-activated B cells to stimulate effect and naïve T cells in mice. However, the effect of DRibbles on human B cells remains unclear. Herein, we found that DRibbles can also efficiently induce proliferation and activation of human B cells and lead to the production of chemokines, cytokines and hematopoietic growth factors. We further demonstrated human B cells can effectively phagocytose DRibbles directly and cross-present DRibbles antigens to stimulate antigen-specific memory T cells. Furthermore, we found that membrane-bound high-mobility group B1 (HMGB1) on DRibbles was crucial for inducing human B cells activation. Therefore, these findings provide further evidence to promote the clinical application of B-DRibbles vaccines.
Impact of PD-L1 and PD-1 Expression on the Prognostic Significance of CD8+ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Munari Enrico , Marconi Marcella , Querzoli Giulia , Lunardi Gianluigi , Bertoglio Pietro , Ciompi Francesco , Tosadori Alice , Eccher Albino , Tumino Nicola , Quatrini Linda , Vacca Paola , Rossi Giulio , Cavazza Alberto , Martignoni Guido , Brunelli Matteo , Netto George J. , Moretta Lorenzo , Zamboni Giuseppe , Bogina Giuseppe 
Published: May 2021

The immune infiltrate within tumors has proved to be very powerful in the prognostic stratification of patients and much attention is also being paid towards its predictive value. In this work we therefore aimed at clarifying the significance and impact of PD-L1 and PD-1 expression on the prognostic value of CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in a cohort of consecutive patients with primary resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tissue microarrays (TMA) were built using one representative formalin fixed paraffin embedded block for every case, with 5 cores for each block. TMA sections were stained with PD-L1 (clone SP263), PD-1 (clone NAT105) and CD8 (clone SP57). Number of CD8+ cells per mm2 were automatically counted; median, 25th and 75th percentiles of CD8+ cells were used as threshold for statistical clinical outcome analysis and evaluated in patients subgroups defined by expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 within tumors. We found an overall strong prognostic value of CD8+ cells in our cohort of 314 resected NSCLC, especially in PD-L1 negative tumors lacking PD-1+ TILs, and demonstrated that in PD-L1 positive tumors a higher density of CD8+ lymphocytes is necessary to improve the prognosis. Our data strengthen the concept of the importance of the assessment and quantification of the immune contexture in cancer and, similarly to what has been carried on in colorectal cancer, promote the efforts for the establishment of an Immunoscore for NSCLC for prognostic and possibly predictive purposes.
Multicenter Study of Secukinumab Survival and Safety in Spondyloarthritis and Psoriatic Arthritis: SEcukinumab in Cantabria and ASTURias Study
Authors: Alonso Sara , Villa Ignacio , Fernández Sabela , Martín José L. , Charca Lilyan , Pino Marina , Riancho Leyre , Morante Isla , Santos Monserrat , Brandy Anahy , Aurrecoechea Elena , Carmona Loreto , Queiro Rubén 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the drug retention rate and safety of secukinumab (SEC) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in a real clinical setting.Methods: This multicenter retrospective observational study included all AxSpA and PsA patients who received at least one dose of SEC. Adverse events (AE) and the drug retention rate were the main study outcomes. Drug survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves while predictive factors of discontinuation were evaluated using a Cox regression analysis. The weight of these associations was estimated by hazard ratio (HR) values.Results: We included 154 patients (59 PsA and 95 AxSpA). Mean disease duration was 6.5 years (IQR 2-8). Sixty-one percent of patients were treated with two or more biologics prior to SEC. The 1 and 2-year retention rates for SEC were 66 and 43%, respectively. The main causes of discontinuation were inefficacy (59%) and AE (36%). The factors associated with lower risk of discontinuation were male gender (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.38-0.78 p = 0.001), obesity (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.30-0.93 p = 0.027), hypertension (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.30-0.93 p = 0.008), and diabetes (HR 0.42 95% CI 0.18-0.99 p = 0.047) while number of previous biologics and depression were predictors of discontinuation (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.04-1.34 p = 0.011 and HR 2.53, 95% CI 1.61-3.96 p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: SEC showed a good retention rate in a population previously exposed to several biological therapies. As a novelty, cardiometabolic comorbidities were associated with better drug survival.
Substitution of a Surface-Exposed Residue Involved in an Allosteric Network Enhances Tryptophan Synthase Function in Cells
Authors: D’Amico Rebecca N. , Bosken Yuliana K. , O’Rourke Kathleen F. , Murray Alec M. , Admasu Woudasie , Chang Chia-en A. , Boehr David D. 
Published: May 2021

Networks of noncovalent amino acid interactions propagate allosteric signals throughout proteins. Tryptophan synthase (TS) is an allosterically controlled bienzyme in which the indole product of the alpha subunit (αTS) is transferred through a 25 Å hydrophobic tunnel to the active site of the beta subunit (βTS). Previous nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular dynamics simulations identified allosteric networks in αTS important for its function. We show here that substitution of a distant, surface-exposed network residue in αTS enhances tryptophan production, not by activating αTS function, but through dynamically controlling the opening of the indole channel and stimulating βTS activity. While stimulation is modest, the substitution also enhances cell growth in a tryptophan-auxotrophic strain of Escherichia coli compared to complementation with wild-type αTS, emphasizing the biological importance of the network. Surface-exposed networks provide new opportunities in allosteric drug design and protein engineering, and hint at potential information conduits through which the functions of a metabolon or even larger proteome might be coordinated and regulated.
Early Hospital Arrival After Acute Ischemic Stroke Is Associated With Family Members' Knowledge About Stroke
Authors: Wang Rongyu , Wang Zhiqiang , Yang Dongdong , Wang Jian , Gou Chongji , Zhang Yaodan , Xian Liulin , Wang Qingsong 
Published: May 2021

Background and Purpose: Prehospital delay is the major factor limiting intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aimed to: (1) identify factors related to prehospital delay and (2) determine the impact of recognition and behavior of family members on patient delay.Methods: A cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted at six teaching hospitals in China between December 1, 2018 and November 30, 2019. Patients who experienced AIS within 7 days of onset were interviewed.Results: Of 1,782 consecutive patients (male, 57.97%; mean age, 66.3 ± 9.65 years) who had an AIS, 267 (14.98%) patients arrived within 4.5 h and 722 (40.52%) patients arrived within 6 h of stroke onset. Among patients who arrived within 4.5 h, 103 (38.6%) received thrombolysis. Age over 65 years (OR, 2.009; 95% CI, 1.014–3.982), prior stroke (OR, 3.478; 95% CI, 1.311–9.229), blurred vision (OR, 3.95; 95% CI, 1.71–9.123), and patients deciding to seek medical help (OR, 3.097; 95% CI, 1.417–6.769) were independently associated with late arrival. In contrast, sudden onset of symptoms (OR, 0.075; 95% CI, 0.028–0.196), the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 7–15 (OR, 0.093; 95% CI, 0.035–0.251), consciousness disturbance (OR, 0.258; 95% CI, 0.091–0.734), weakness (OR, 0.265; 95% CI, 0.09–0.784), arrival by ambulance (OR, 0.102; 95% CI, 0.049–0.211), decision time &lt;30 min (OR, 0.008; 95% CI, 0.003–0.018), and family member understanding stroke requires early treatment (OR, 0.224; 95% CI, 0.109–0.462) were independently associated with early arrival.Conclusions: The prehospital delay in China lags behind Western countries. Recognition and behavior of stroke patients' family members may play a key role in early arrival.
Serum Homocysteine Level Is a Predictor of Relapse and Prognosis in Patients With First-Attack Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Zhang Jinwei , Li Yanfei , Zhou Yongyan , Zhao Yi , Xie Haojie , Duan Ranran , Yao Yaobing , Gong Zhe , Teng Junfang , Jia Yanjie 
Published: May 2021

Background: Many patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) experience the adverse consequences of relapse and disability aggravation. Thus, it is necessary to identify sensitive and reliable biomarkers for early prognosis. This study investigated whether serum homocysteine (Hcy) level was associated with the risk of relapse or poor prognosis in first-attack NMOSD patients.Methods: We enrolled 161 first-attack NMOSD patients in this retrospective study. We reviewed their medical records and evaluated their initial Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Clinical outcomes were measured by the final EDSS and the relapse rate. The association between Hcy levels and EDSS score at last follow-up was analyzed by binary logistic regression. The association between Hcy levels and relapse rate was assessed by Cox regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to predict the target value of Hcy reduction.Results: Compared with the high Hcy group, the final EDSS score in the low Hcy group was significantly lower (median: 0.5 vs. 2.5, P &lt; 0.001). The relapse rate differed significantly between these groups (30.6 vs. 50.0%, P = 0.023). Multivariate analysis showed that the initial EDSS score (odds ratio [OR] 3.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.07–4.45, P &lt; 0.001) and serum Hcy level (OR 1.13, 95%CI 1.04–1.22, P = 0.002) were significantly associated with poor prognosis in NMOSD patients. Additionally, multivariate analysis showed that serum Hcy level (hazard ratio 1.06, 95%CI 1.04–1.09, P &lt; 0.001) was an independent predictor of the risk for relapse in NMOSD. The 12-month relapse rate of the high Hcy group was 34.8%, and 50% of high Hcy patients relapsed within 35 months after the first onset. A serum Hcy level exceeding 14.525 μmol/L indicated a high risk of relapse, with a sensitivity of 43.7%, specificity of 90.0%, and area under the ROC curve of 0.674 (95%CI 0.59–0.76, P &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Serum Hcy level is an independent predictor of relapse and poor prognosis in first-attack NMOSD patients. Early monitoring and reduction of serum Hcy levels may be of great significance in the prevention of disease relapse and severe disability.