bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Globale Strukturen von mündlichen und schriftlichen Argumentationen
Authors: Abels Nele 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden die globalen Strukturen der rekonstruierten Argumentationen betrachtet, neu gefundene Strukturen beschrieben und charakterisiert. Das Kapitel schließt mit einer Übersicht über alle Merkmale der Strukturen, durch die deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den globalen Strukturen aufgezeigt werden.
Ambiguität und Subversion in Übersetzungsszenen bei Johann Michael Moscherosch und Johann Valentin Andreae
Authors: Werle Dirk 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungThis article analyses translation scenes in seventeenth-century German literature using the example of texts by Johann Michael Moscherosch and Johann Valentin Andreae. The concept of the translation scene is loosely based on the concept of the writing scene established in literary studies. It shows that and how reflections on the purposes and limits of translation can be found in literary translation scenes. Moscherosch and Andreae present translation as a process that is prone to disruption, which is certainly suitable for bringing about linguistic understanding, but often leaves the understanding of the underlying problems untouched.
Unveiling the neglected role of the intensity of acute stress disorder in the prediction of full- and sub-threshold posttraumatic stress disorder: looking beyond the diagnosis
Authors: Karam Elie G. , Al Barathie Josleen , Dimassi Hani , Mascayano Franco , Slim Andre , Karam Aimee , Karam George , Keyes Katherine M. , Susser Ezra , Bryant Richard 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Exposure to traumatic events may lead to the development of Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) within the first month post-trauma in some individuals, while others may not exhibit ASD symptoms. ASD was introduced as a potential early indicator to identify those at higher risk of developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), however, PTSD can occur in some individuals even without prior ASD. Assessing ASD post-trauma can assist in identifying those who would most benefit from intervention to prevent later PTSD, yet the predictive power of ASD varies across studies, with intensity of ASD symptoms and subthreshold PTSD often less considered.

Methods
A prospective cohort study on 426 health workers exposed to the Beirut Port Blast assessed DSM-5 ASD and symptom intensity using self-report questionnaire at two distinct time points: 9–15 and 21–27 days post blast. DSM-5 PTSD was assessed afterwards at 6–7 months via self-report questionnaire post-exposure. Probit models predicted full and subthreshold PTSD.

Results
Using ASD diagnosis alone, the sensitivity 9–15 days after trauma was better than 21–27 days after trauma (75.68% vs. 58.06%); when stratified by intensity, however, sensitivity increased from 41.66% among those with low intensity to 92% among those with high intensity. Specificity, however, was better 21–27 days after trauma (77.82%) compared with 9–15 days (60.98%). Positive Predictive Value of ASD increased, and Negative Predictive Value decreased, with time since exposure and when adding intensity with diagnosis. ASD diagnosis plus intensity achieved better prediction of PTSD and subthreshold PTSD.

Conclusion
Screening for PTSD should include ASD and its intensity, improving predictive ability for later PTSD, incorporatingfull threshold and subthreshold PTSD. Specificity increases with time since exposure, suggesting a high rate of false positives when assessing ASD soon after trauma. This highlights the need to prioritize individuals for early preventive measures after trauma.
Sex-Selective Abortions and Fatal Neglect of Young Girls
Authors: Echavarri Rebeca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A significant portion of female neonatal, infant and child mortality could be avoided. These girls form part of the phenomenon known as missing women. Previous literature has examined whether families that prevent unwanted (female) pregnancies from reaching term provide greater care to the surviving daughters, but it reports mixed results. An avenue that has received limited attention is the possibility that explicit discrimination against girls legitimates otherwise non-realized behaviors, leading to additional fatal neglect. This paper contributes to the literature, going a step further in the causal identification of aggregate prenatal discrimination effects on postnatal discrimination by comparing the survival outcomes of brothers and sisters who were exposed to different levels of prenatal discrimination around the time of their births. The sample of siblings is reconstructed from the birth history of women in the Indian National Family Health Survey (2016–2017). Prenatal discrimination is measured by the male to female sex ratio at birth (SRB), computed by backward induction from the Census of India (2011). Results show that the greater the difference between the SRB in the birthyears of sisters and the SRB in the birthyears of brothers, the greater the difference in mortality between sisters and brothers. This finding lends support to the idea that prenatal discrimination legitimized otherwise latent discrimination. Furthermore, the excess female mortality associated with this mechanism is found in rural areas, but not in urban ones, and this relationship is more intense for infant girls born in high parities and therefore more likely to belong to families that did not resort to sex-selective abortions to control family sex-composition. This paper contributes to the problematization of the intertwining dimensions of discrimination, providing a better understanding of the missing women phenomenon.
A new form of soft supersymmetry breaking?
Authors: Chapman Scott 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStarting with a supersymmetric $$U(N) \times U(N)$$

U
(
N
)
×
U
(
N
)

gauge theory built in $$N=1$$

N
=
1

superspace, a nonsupersymmetric theory is obtained by “twisting” the gauginos into a different representation of the group than the gauge bosons. Despite the fact that this twisting breaks supersymmetry, it is still possible to construct an action that is holomorphic and invariant to local “twisted” gauge transformations in superspace. It is conjectured that these two properties may allow the theory to be free of quadratic divergences to all orders, despite a lack of supersymmetry. An explicit calculation shows that the theory is free of quadratic divergences to at least the two-loop order.
Variations in the Management of Low-Grade Serous Carcinoma of the Ovary: A Global Survey
Authors: Dash Biswajit , Bhandoria Geetu , Gulia Seema , Patil Akshay , Maheshwari Amita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective
Low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSOC) constituting < 15% of ovarian or peritoneal serous carcinomas differs distinctly from high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). This global survey investigates the variations in managing LGSOC, acknowledging its unique characteristics and the absence of a consensus on optimal management.

Methods
A voluntary non-incentivized global survey gathered responses from 203 practitioners across 50 countries and 7 continents. Approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, it encompassed 21 questions focusing on demographics, diagnosis, and management practices. Descriptive statistics and Fisher’s exact test analyzed the data.

Results
Demographically diverse responses were obtained with the majority from India (39.9%) and Colombia (5.4%). Gynecologic oncologists predominated (73.10%), with varied practice settings. Most practitioners considered LGSOC distinct (95.57%). Diagnosis criteria showed institutional variations. In managing apparent inoperable stage III C LGSOC approaches varied: neoadjuvant chemotherapy (54.78%), upfront surgery (35.69%), and neoadjuvant hormone therapy (8.54%). Adjuvant management demonstrated heterogeneity. Notably, there was no significant association between the continent and the offered adjuvant treatment for optimally cytoreduced stage III C LGSOC (p = 0.556; Fisher’s exact test). For recurrent disease, hormonal therapy (30.54%) and chemotherapy (27.59%) were common choices. MEK inhibitors were infrequently used. Fertility preservation was favored (71%), and HIPEC was not widely considered (81.28%). Genetic testing opinions varied: routine testing (28.7%), no recommendation (45.32%), and testing in recurrent settings (16.75%).

Conclusion
This survey exposes global disparities in LGSOC management, highlighting the need for standardized guidelines to address challenges in diagnosis and management. International collaboration is advocated to enhance uniformity in healthcare practices for LGSOC.
A new lichen and lichenicolous fungus from Larix laricina in patterned fens of boreal North America
Authors: Thor Göran , Gockman Otto , McMullin R. Troy , Selva Steve , Goyette Spencer , Huereca Alejandro , Spribille Toby 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCalicium poculatum and Ramboldia canadensis are described as new species occurring on Larix laricina. Calicium poculatum, currently known from four Canadian provinces and the US state of Minnesota, is characterized by its short-stalked black ascomata, short ascospores and occurrence as a parasite on Lecanora caesiorubella subsp. saximontana. Based on DNA sequence data, its nearest relative is the likewise parasitic Calicium episcalaris. Ramboldia canadensis, currently known only from dead wood of Larix laricina snags in Canada, engages in a fully developed lichen symbiosis with Trebouxia simplex and is characterized in statu symbiotico by having a rimose to verrucose-areolate, greyish creamy sorediate thallus with dark brown to blackish soredia that begin on the margins, and the occurrence of a secondary metabolite similar to barbatolic acid. Phylogenetic analysis recovers it as sibling to a clade of the genus heretofore known only from the Southern Hemisphere and the lower latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. We also report Lecidella xylophila as new to North America.
The Effects of Changing Environments, Abiotic Stresses, and Management Practices on Cropland Evapotranspiration: A Review
Authors: Qiu Rangjian , Katul Gabriel G. , Zhang Lu , Qin Shunjing , Jiang Xuelian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe significance of crop evapotranspiration (ETa) to climate science, agronomic research, and water resources is not in dispute. What continues to draw attention is how variability in ETa is driven by changing environments, abiotic stresses, and management practices. Here, the impacts of elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]), elevated ozone concentration (e[O3]), warming, abiotic stresses (water, salinity, heat stresses), and management practices (planting density, irrigation methods, mulching, nitrogen application) on cropland ETa were reviewed, along with their possible causes and estimation. Water and salinity stresses, e[O3], and drip irrigation adoption generally led to lower total growing–season ETa. However, total growing–season ETa responses to e[CO2], warming, heat stress, mulching, planting density, and nitrogen supplement appear inconsistent across empirical studies. The effects of e[CO2], e[O3], water and salinity stresses on total growing–season ETa are attributed to their influence on stomatal conductance, root water uptake, root and leaf area development, microclimate, and potentially phenology. Total growing–season ETa in response to warming is affected by variations in ambient growing–season mean air temperature and phenology. The differences in crop ETa under varying planting densities are due to their differences in leaf area. The responses of ETa to heat stress, mulching, and nitrogen application represent trade–off between their opposite effects on transpiration and evaporation, along with possibly phenology. Modified ETa models currently in use can estimate the response of ETa to the many aforementioned factors except for e[O3], heat stress, and nitrogen application. These factors offer a blueprint for future research inquiries.
Absolute calibration methodology for non-uniform uranium and matrix distributions in large barrels of uranium-bearing solid waste
Authors: El-Kourghly K. M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe effective implementation of domestic and international safeguards necessitates verification techniques for Nuclear Materials (NM). Even in the case of very small quantities of NMs, accounting for and analyzing such traces can provide insights into the mass balance of NMs and/or state activities, ensuring consistency in state declarations. This paper proposes and benchmarks an absolute calibration methodology for estimating the uranium–mass content in large-volume barrels (200 L). These barrels may be generated during the operation and decommissioning of bulk handling facilities by accumulating low-density scarab contaminated with NMs. The method relies on the mathematical calibration of a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector efficiency against non-uniform uranium and matrix distributions, assuming that the non–uniform distribution can be approximated as a uniform one for low–density matrix materials. The peak efficiency is calculated for different numbers of point sources 1–30 likely distributed inside a simulated barrel while it rotates around the axis of symmetry. The proposed method is benchmarked by comparing the calculated peak efficiency of randomly distributed uranium sources with the homogeneous distribution. Furthermore, a comparison with experimental measurements is conducted to validate the proposed method. Results show that the proposed calibration method considering either random or homogeneous source and matrix distributions in large volume barrels can be used for estimating the uranium mass content in NSW with an accuracy of approximately 12 %.
Clustering- and statistic-based approach for detection and impact evaluation of faults in end-user substations of thermal energy systems
Authors: Weber Samanta A. , Fischlschweiger Michael , Volta Dirk , Rieck-Blankenburg Ulf 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn response to climate change mitigation efforts, improving the efficiency of heat networks is becoming increasingly important. An efficient operation of energy systems depends on faultless performance. Following the need for effective fault detection and elimination methods, this study suggests a three-step workflow for increasing automation in managing defective substations on the user level within heat networks. The work focuses on a model region in northern Germany. The local heat network provides data in roughly hourly intervals, including the supply and return temperatures and the volume flow of the substations. Firstly, this study identifies common indicators of faults using k-means clustering analysis of the temperature data and expert knowledge: an exceeded return temperature level, very low cooling, and inverted temperature readings. With these indicators, the subsequent statistical identification approach confirms the successful detection of affected substations, with common diagnoses including disabled return temperature limitation units, defective motoric valves, and faults in the storage control. Lastly, the study evaluates the impact of faults on the system efficiency. Combining the temperature and the volume flow data, the workflow quantifies the negative influence of a fault, enabling the prioritization of fault elimination measures in practical application to enhance the overall system efficiency.
Automated differentiation of wide QRS complex tachycardia using QRS complex polarity
Authors: May Adam M. , Katbamna Bhavesh B. , Shaikh Preet A. , LoCoco Sarah , Deych Elena , Zhou Ruiwen , Liu Lei , Mikhova Krasimira M. , Ghadban Rugheed , Cuculich Phillip S. , Cooper Daniel H. , Maddox Thomas M. , Noseworthy Peter A. , Kashou Anthony 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Wide QRS complex tachycardia (WCT) differentiation into ventricular tachycardia (VT) and supraventricular wide complex tachycardia (SWCT) remains challenging despite numerous 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria and algorithms. Automated solutions leveraging computerized ECG interpretation (CEI) measurements and engineered features offer practical ways to improve diagnostic accuracy. We propose automated algorithms based on (i) WCT QRS polarity direction (WCT Polarity Code [WCT-PC]) and (ii) QRS polarity shifts between WCT and baseline ECGs (QRS Polarity Shift [QRS-PS]).

Methods
In a three-part study, we derive and validate machine learning (ML) models—logistic regression (LR), artificial neural network (ANN), Random Forests (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and ensemble learning (EL)—using engineered (WCT-PC and QRS-PS) and previously established WCT differentiation features. Part 1 uses WCT ECG measurements alone, Part 2 pairs WCT and baseline ECG features, and Part 3 combines all features used in Parts 1 and 2

Results
Among 235 WCT patients (158 SWCT, 77 VT), 103 had gold standard diagnoses. Part 1 models achieved AUCs of 0.86–0.88 using WCT ECG features alone. Part 2 improved accuracy with paired ECGs (AUCs 0.90–0.93). Part 3 showed variable results (AUC 0.72–0.93), with RF and SVM performing best.

Conclusions
Incorporating engineered parameters related to QRS polarity direction and shifts can yield effective WCT differentiation, presenting a promising approach for automated CEI algorithms.
Pure-quartic soliton molecules in normal fourth-order dispersion regimes based on spectral filtering effect
Authors: Shen 申 Han-Yang 翰阳 , Lan 蓝 Rui-Bo 睿博 , Hu 胡 Hong-Bin 洪彬 , Li 李 Yang 阳 , Zhou 周 Rui 瑞 , Zhang 张 Zu-Xing 祖兴 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Recent theoretical verification of self-similar and dissipative pure-quartic solitons (PQSs) emphasized the similarity between PQS lasers and conventional fiber lasers, but the unique equilibrium mechanism hinders the formation of PQS molecules in normal fourth-order dispersion (FOD) regimes. In this paper, we investigated the effect of filters on shaping PQSs in normal FOD based on a passively mode-locked fiber laser model. A bandpass filter eliminates the time pedestal of dissipative PQSs, thus realizing a multi-pulsing state. When the filter bandwidth is appropriate, the effective spectral filtering effect can lower the pulse splitting threshold and enable the coherent restoration from chaotic PQSs to PQS molecules. Additionally, changing the central wavelength of the filter can generate PQSs and PQS molecules with asymmetric intensity distributions. These results are important guides for the manipulation of PQSs and the construction of high repetition-frequency fiber lasers.
A novel topology with sextuple phase shift modulation (SPSM) based multi level dual active bridge converter for electric vehicle applications
Authors: Ul Haq Khurshid , Ilahi Bakhsh Farhad , Chandra Sekhar Obbu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Multi-level dual active bridge (MLDAB) bidirectional DC-DC converters often encounter harmonic issues in the high-frequency link (HFL) during power conversion, irrespective of the modulation scheme employed. These harmonics in the HFL inductor current result in elevated RMS current, thereby increasing current stress on the switching devices. Furthermore, the presence of harmonics leads to higher operating temperatures in the high-frequency transformer (HFT) and other associated components, ultimately compromising system efficiency. To address the limitations of conventional MLDAB converters, this paper proposes a novel topology incorporating sextuple phase shift modulation (SPSM) based MLDAB converter. The proposed approach significantly reduces the harmonic content in the HFL inductor current, leading to lower power losses and improved overall efficiency. Further, this paper provides a comparative evaluation against the conventional quintuple phase shift (QPS) modulation based MLDAB converter. The results demonstrate that the proposed topology with novel modulation based MLDAB converter effectively minimizes harmonics in the HFL inductor current and delivers higher efficiency compared to the conventional modulation based MLDAB converter. This makes the proposed topology with novel SPSM based MLDAB converter a superior solution for DC-DC converter applications. Also, the results of the proposed MLDAB converter has been validated through real-time results using an OPAL-RT hardware-in-the-loop emulator.
Accelerated development of multi-component alloys in discrete design space using Bayesian multi-objective optimisation
Authors: Mamun Osman , Bause Markus , Ebna Hai Bhuiyan Shameem Mahmood 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Bayesian optimisation (BO) protocols grounded in active learning (AL) principles have gained significant recognition for their ability to efficiently optimize black-box objective functions. This capability is critical for advancing autonomous and high-throughput materials design and discovery processes. However, the application of these protocols in materials science, particularly in the design of novel alloys with multiple targeted properties, remains constrained by computational complexity and the absence of reliable and robust acquisition functions for multiobjective optimisation. Recent advancements have demonstrated that expected hypervolume-based geometrical acquisition functions outperform other multiobjective optimisation algorithms, such as Thompson Sampling Efficient Multiobjective optimisation and pareto efficient global optimisation (parEGO), in both performance and speed. This study evaluates several leading multiobjective BO acquisition functions–namely, parallel expected hypervolume improvement (qEHVI), noisy qEHVI, parallel parEGO, and parallel noisy parEGO (qNparEGO)–in optimizing the physical properties of multi-component alloys. Our findings highlight the superior performance of the qEHVI acquisition function in identifying the optimal Pareto front across 1-, 2-, and 3-objective aluminum alloy optimisation problems, all within a constrained evaluation budget and reasonable computational cost. Furthermore, we explore the impact of various surrogate model optimisation methods from both computational cost and efficiency perspectives. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of a pool-based AL protocol in expediting the discovery process by executing multiple computational and experimental campaigns in each iteration. This approach is particularly advantageous for deployment in massively parallel high-throughput synthesis facilities and advanced computing architectures.