bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipopolysaccharide‐regulated secretion of soluble and vesicle‐based proteins from a panel of colorectal cancer cell lines
Authors: Garcia de Durango Cira R. , Monteiro Madalena N. , Bijnsdorp Irene V. , Pham Thang V. , De Wit Meike , Piersma Sander Rogier , Knol Jaco C. , Pérez‐Gordo Marina , Fijneman Remond J. A. , Vidal‐Vanaclocha Fernando , Jimenez Connie R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeTo mimic the perioperative microenvironment where bacterial products get in contact with colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and study its impact on protein release, we exposed six CRC cell lines to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and investigated the effect on the secretome using in‐depth mass spectrometry‐based proteomics.Experimental designCancer cell secretome was harvested in bio‐duplicate after LPS treatment, and separated in EV and soluble secretome (SS) fractions. Gel‐fractionated proteins were analysed by label‐free nano‐liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. NF‐κB activation, triggered upon LPS treatment, was evaluated.ResultsWe report a CRC secretome dataset of 5601 proteins. Comparison of all LPS‐treated cells with controls revealed 37 proteins with altered abundance in the SS, including RPS25; and 13 in EVs, including HMGB1. Comparing controls and LPS‐treated samples per cell line, revealed 564 significant differential proteins with fold‐change >3. The LPS‐induced release of RPS25 was validated by western blot.Conclusions and clinical relevanceBacterial endotoxin has minor impact on the global CRC cell line secretome, yet it may alter protein release in a cell line‐specific manner. This modulation might play a role in orchestrating the development of a permissive environment for CRC liver metastasis, especially through EV‐communication.
Investigating potential protein markers of cardiovascular disease in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Letunica Natasha , CAI Tengyi , Cameron Fergus , Monagle Paul , Ignjatovic Vera , Attard Chantal 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by dysglycaemia. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major complication among T1DM patients and the leading cause of mortality later in life.MethodsThe study subjects consisted of T1DM children with poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7.5%) and healthy age and gender matched controls. Venous blood samples were collected and tested by utilizing a novel immunoassay panel with 96 protein biomarkers. Data were analyzed using non‐linear regression analysis and the expression of biomarkers was compared between T1DM and healthy control groups using an unpaired student's t‐test. Dynamic principal component analysis (PCA) was operated based on the differentially expressed proteins.ResultsTen T1DM children and 10 healthy controls were analyzed. Twelve CVD markers show significant differential expression between T1DM patients and healthy controls (p < 0.05). Dynamic PCA clustering based on differentially expressed proteins demonstrated an obvious clustering between the two populations.ConclusionsThis preliminary study reveals the feasibility of utilizing a novel immunoassay panel to investigate potential biomarkers for predicting incipient CVD in children with T1DM. In future, longitudinal studies are required to track the relationships between measurements of the selected protein markers and the development of CVD in T1DM patients.
Vestibular Mucosa Thickness Measured by Ultrasound in Patients Affected by Vestibulodynia: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Murina Filippo , Barbieri Sara , Lubrano Chiara , Cetin Irene 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Introduction
A multifactorial etiology has been implicated in the development and maintenance of vestibulodynia (VBD), and atrophic changes of the vestibular mucosa have been observed in many patients.

Aim
To assess the vestibular mucosa thickness in patients with VBD by comparing this sample with a control group of healthy fertile women and postmenopausal patients with symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM).

Methods
Vestibular mucosa thickness was measured with a 20 MHz ultrasound probe (DermaScan C, Cortex Technology, Denmark), including both the epidermis and dermis.

Main outcome measures
All women were evaluated by anamnesis, physical examination, and self-report symptoms. Thickness of the vestibular mucosa (expressed in micrometers) was determined by the B-mode, excluding the hyperechogenic entrance echo and hypoechogenic subcutis. Clinical data related to VBD and GSM were recorded using a 0- to 10-point visual analog scale related to dyspareunia and vulvar pain/burning (0 = no pain; 10 = worst possible pain).

Results
A total of 85 patients were recruited: 24 with VBD, 20 with GSM-related symptoms, and 20 matched controls. Vestibular mucosa thickness measurements were not significantly different between the VBD (mean ± DS: 1,092.5 ± 226.1 μm) and GSM groups (1,059.7 ± 221.5 μm), while the parameter was significantly lower (P &lt; .01) than the control group (1,310.6 ± 250.0 μm). Correlation analysis in the VBD and GSM groups between low vestibular mucosa thickness and symptom intensity (burning/pain and dyspareunia) showed a significant correlation.

Conclusion
Patients with VBD have a vestibular mucosa with a lower thickness than healthy women of the same age, with an almost identical value to that found in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, a low vestibular mucosa thickness in the VBD and GSM groups showed a significant correlation with burning/pain intensity and dyspareunia severity.
NIH Funding for Surgeon-Scientists in the US: What Is the Current Status?
Authors: Demblowski Lindsay A. , Busse Brad , Santangelo George , Blakely Andrew M. , Turner Patricia L. , Hoyt David B. , Zeiger Martha A. 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND:
Recent literature suggests that the future of surgeon-scientists in the US has been threatened for the past several decades. However, we documented an overall increase in NIH funding for surgeon-scientists, as well as the number of NIH-funded surgeons, from 2010 to 2020.

STUDY DESIGN:
NIH-funded principal investigators (PIs) were identified for June 2010 and June 2020 using the NIH internal data platform iSearch Grants (version 2.4). Biographical sketches were searched for key terms to identify surgeon-scientists. Grant research types and total grant costs were collected. American Association of Medical Colleges data were used to determine total surgeon and physician populations. Bivariate chi-square analyses were performed using population totals and were corroborated using z-tests of population proportions using JMP (version 13.0.0). A 2-tailed p value <0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS:
In June of 2020, a total of 1,031 surgeon-scientists held $872,456,710 in NIH funding. The percentage of funded surgeons significantly increased from 2010 (0.5%) to 2020 (0.7%) (p < 0.05), and the percentage of funded other physicians significantly decreased from 2.2% in 2010 to 1.6% in 2020 (p < 0.05). All surgeons sustained R grant funding at both time points (58% in 2020 and 60% in 2010), and specifically maintained basic science-focused R grants (73% in 2020 and 78% in 2010).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study found surgeon-scientists are increasing in number and NIH funding and are becoming more diverse in their research efforts, while maintaining a focus on basic science.
THICKET DENSITY
Authors: BHASKAR SIDDHARTH 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe define a new type of “shatter function” for set systems that satisfies a Sauer–Shelah type dichotomy, but whose polynomial-growth case is governed by Shelah’s two-rank instead of VC dimension. We identify the least exponent bounding the rate of growth of the shatter function, the quantity analogous to VC density, with Shelah’s

$\omega $
-rank.
How Business Model Designs Influence Firm Growth in a Transforming Economy: A Configurational Perspective
Authors: Wu Jun , An Wenwen , Zheng Xin , Zhang Jianqi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThis study adopts a configurational perspective to examine how business model designs and contextual factors in transforming economies combine to create value. We investigate configurations of efficiency-centered and novelty-centered business model designs, corporate ownership, development stage, and external regulatory volatility associated with high growth in a transforming economy. Using a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis of Chinese firms, we find five solutions associated with superior growth, suggesting that the effective configurations of business model designs vary in different contexts. Our study offers a holistic understanding of the relationship between business model designs and firm growth, and yields useful insights for business model designs for practitioners.
Can Elites Escape Blame by Explaining Themselves? Suspicion and the Limits of Elite Explanations
Authors: Robison Joshua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHolding elected officials accountable for their behavior in office is a foundational task facing citizens. Elected officials attempt to influence this accountability process by explaining their behavior with an eye toward mitigating the blame they might receive for taking controversial actions. This article addresses a critical limitation in the literature on elite explanation giving and accountability: the absence of attention to conflicting information regarding the official's behavior. The study shows across three pre-registered survey experiments that explanations are ineffective when other speakers offer counter-explanations that focus on the official's potential ulterior motives. It further demonstrates that this occurs even when the counter-explanation comes from a partisan source with low credibility. These results imply that elected officials enjoy less leeway for their actions than existing work allows, and highlight important tensions concerning the relationship between elite behavior and accountability processes.
The Bond-Pricing Implications of Rating-Based Capital Requirements
Authors: Murray Scott , Nikolova Stanislava 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article demonstrates that rating-based capital requirements, through their impact on insurers’ investment demand, affect corporate bond prices. Consistent with insurers’ low demand for investment-grade bonds with a rating close to noninvestment-grade, these bonds outperform. Consistent with insurers’ high (low) demand for investment-grade bonds with high (low) systematic risk exposure, these bonds underperform (outperform). Insurer demand, measured by insurer holdings, explains most of these pricing effects. We identify rating-based capital requirements as the driver of insurer demand, and thus the pricing effects, by showing that the effects do not exist before these requirements’ implementation in 1993.
Smoking in early adulthood is prospectively associated with prescriptions of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, antidepressants and anxiolytics
Authors: Rognli Eline Borger , Bramness Jørgen Gustav , von Soest Tilmann 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhether smoking should be regarded as a risk factor for mental disorders remains unresolved. Prescribed psychotropic drugs can be used as indications for mental disorders. We investigated how smoking was prospectively related to prescription of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and anxiolytics.MethodsInformation about smoking, including the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, and relevant confounders, were obtained from the population-based Young in Norway Study (N = 2602), with four data collection waves between 1992 and 2006. These survey data were linked with information on prescriptions for psychotropic drugs from the comprehensive, nationwide Norwegian Prescription Database from 2007 to 2015.ResultsDaily smoking with high dependence in 2006 at age 28.5 (s.d. = 2.0) was associated with filling prescriptions of antipsychotics (OR, 6.57, 95% CI 2.19–19.70, p = 0.001), mood stabilizers (OR, 7.11, 95% CI 2.51–20.15, p < 0.001) and antidepressants (OR, 1.91, 95% CI 1.13–3.23, p = 0.016) 1–9 years later. Associations remained significant after adjustment for a variety of potential confounders measured before the assessment of smoking, including sociodemographic background, conduct problems, cannabis use, mental distress, and previous prescriptions for psychotropic medications. The association between smoking and prescription of anxiolytics was weaker and more unstable.ConclusionsIn this study of young adults, daily smoking with high dependence was associated with later prescriptions of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers and antidepressants, indicating smoking as a risk factor for mental disorders treated with these drugs.
On Politics, Irony, and Plato's Socrates as Derrida'sPharmakon
Authors: Sharpe Matthew 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper challenges the reading of Derridean deconstruction as a necessarily antiauthoritarian version of “hermeneutics as politics.” It does so by critically rereading Derrida's 1968 essay “Plato's Pharmacy.” Part 1 reconstructs Derrida's key claims in “Plato's Pharmacy,” turning on the ambiguous signifier “pharmakon” and the treatment of writing in thePhaedrus. Part 2 examines Derrida's three claims in “Plato's Pharmacy” concerning the political, putatively antiauthoritarian significance of his deconstruction of “platonism.” Part 3 contests these claims, arguing that Derrida cannot comprehend Socratic irony since he is blind to the political shaping of Plato's dialogic writing, as the artful attempt to present and inspire philosophical inquiry within the city, while avoiding the condemnation directed against Socrates by the men of Athens in 399 BCE. Finally, I argue that Derrida's indebtedness to Heidegger underlies these shortcomings in his reading of Plato.
Design and Research of a Walking Robot with Two Parallel Mechanisms
Authors: Ren Huanhuan , Zhang Lizhong , Su Chengzhi 
Published: February 2021

SUMMARYIn this paper, a new type of biped mobile robot is designed. Each leg of the robot is a 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) parallel mechanism, and each leg has three relatively fixed landing points. The leg’s structure gives the robot better performance on large carrying capacity, strong environmental adaptability and fast moving speed simultaneously. At the same time, it helps the robot move more steadily and change direction more simply. Based on the structural features of the leg, the inverse kinematics model of the biped robot is established and a unified formula is obtained. According to an analysis of robot’s workspace, gait planning is completed and simulated. Finally, the special case that the robot can keep the upper body horizontal while walking on a slopy surface is validated.
Nervous system diseases are associated with the severity and mortality of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Ya , Chen Yamin , Liu Ming , Niu Mingming , Song Ziwei , Yan Meili , Tian Jinhui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. Previous studies showed that comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 are risk factors for adverse outcomes. This study aimed to clarify the association between nervous system diseases and severity or mortality in patients with COVID-19. We performed a systematic literature search of four electronic databases and included studies reporting the prevalence of nervous system diseases in COVID-19 patients with severe and non-severe disease or among survivors and non-survivors. The included studies were pooled into a meta-analysis to calculate the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). We included 69 studies involving 17 879 patients. The nervous system diseases were associated with COVID-19 severity (OR = 3.19, 95%CI: 2.37 to 4.30,P< 0.001) and mortality (OR = 3.75, 95%CI: 2.68 to 5.25,P< 0.001). Specifically, compared with the patients without cerebrovascular disease, patients with cerebrovascular disease infected with COVID-19 had a higher risk of severity (OR = 3.10, 95%CI: 2.21 to 4.36,P< 0.001) and mortality (OR = 3.45, 95% CI: 2.46 to 4.84,P< 0.001). Stroke was associated with severe COVID-19 disease (OR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.11 to 3.42,P= 0.020). No significant differences were found for the prevalence of epilepsy (OR = 1.00, 95%CI: 0.42 to 2.35,P= 0.994) and dementia (OR = 2.39, 95%CI: 0.55 to 10.48,P= 0.247) between non-severe and severe COVID-19 patients. There was no significant association between stroke (OR = 1.79, 95%CI: 0.76 to 4.23,P= 0.185), epilepsy (OR = 2.08, 95%CI: 0.08 to 50.91,P= 0.654) and COVID-19 mortality. In conclusion, nervous system diseases and cerebrovascular disease were associated with severity and mortality of patients with COVID-19. There might be confounding factors that influence the relationship between nervous system diseases and COVID-19 severity as well as mortality.
Early institutionalized care disrupts the development of emotion processing in prosody
Authors: Chinn Lisa K. , Ovchinnikova Irina , Sukmanova Anastasia A. , Davydova Aleksandra O. , Grigorenko Elena L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMillions of children worldwide are raised in institutionalized settings. Unfortunately, institutionalized rearing is often characterized by psychosocial deprivation, leading to difficulties in numerous social, emotional, physical, and cognitive skills. One such skill is the ability to recognize emotional facial expressions. Children with a history of institutional rearing tend to be worse at recognizing emotions in facial expressions than their peers, and this deficit likely affects social interactions. However, emotional information is also conveyed vocally, and neither prosodic information processing nor the cross-modal integration of facial and prosodic emotional expressions have been investigated in these children to date. We recorded electroencephalograms (EEG) while 47 children under institutionalized care (IC) (n = 24) or biological family care (BFC) (n = 23) viewed angry, happy, or neutral facial expressions while listening to pseudowords with angry, happy, or neutral prosody. The results indicate that 20- to 40-month-olds living in IC have event-related potentials (ERPs) over midfrontal brain regions that are less sensitive to incongruent facial and prosodic emotions relative to children under BFC, and that their brain responses to prosody are less lateralized. Children under IC also showed midfrontal ERP differences in processing of angry prosody, indicating that institutionalized rearing may specifically affect the processing of anger.
Pursuing the developmental aims of the triarchic model of psychopathy: Creation and validation of triarchic scales for use in the USC: RFAB longitudinal twin project
Authors: Bertoldi Bridget M. , Perkins Emily R. , Tuvblad Catherine , Oskarsson Sofi , Kramer Mark D. , Latzman Robert D. , Baker Laura A. , Raine Adrian , Patrick Christopher J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe triarchic model was advanced as an integrative, trait-based framework for investigating psychopathy using different assessment methods and across developmental periods. Recent research has shown that the triarchic traits of boldness, meanness, and disinhibition can be operationalized effectively in youth, but longitudinal research is needed to realize the model's potential to advance developmental understanding of psychopathy. We report on the creation and validation of scale measures of the triarchic traits using questionnaire items available in the University of Southern California Risk Factors for Antisocial Behavior (RFAB) project, a large-scale longitudinal study of the development of antisocial behavior that includes measures from multiple modalities (self-report, informant rating, clinical-diagnostic, task-behavioral, physiological). Using a construct-rating and psychometric refinement approach, we developed triarchic scales that showed acceptable reliability, expected intercorrelations, and good temporal stability. The scales showed theory-consistent relations with external criteria including measures of psychopathy, internalizing/externalizing psychopathology, antisocial behavior, and substance use. Findings demonstrate the viability of measuring triarchic traits in the RFAB sample, extend the known nomological network of these traits into the developmental realm, and provide a foundation for follow-up studies examining the etiology of psychopathic traits and their relations with multimodal measures of cognitive-affective function and proneness to clinical problems.
The impact of the introduction of consultant radiographer-led consent for multiple myeloma bone metastases patients
Authors: Griffiths Sarah 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground:The role of the Consultant Radiographer (CR) is crossing traditional boundaries to encompass duties and responsibilities normally performed by the medical profession. Changes and streamlining of radiotherapy (RT) services result as therapeutic radiographers are taking on the responsibility of informed consent.Purpose:This article discusses and evaluates the legal, ethical and practical aspects of informed consent within the trust and how they have implemented the introduction of CR-led consent. It reports on the impact on the waiting times for treatment and user experience for myeloma patients receiving RT for pain relief from bone metastases.Materials and methods:A literature search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Medline and Cochrane library using the term ‘informed consent’. The legal, ethical and practical aspects were compared to the current system and then was used to inform the development of a new pathway. Data were analysed from the department’s statistics for waiting times and the number of treatment courses.Results and conclusions:CR-led informed consent has streamlined the patient pathway and has improved patient care and experience.
Probabilistic QoS-aware Placement of VNF Chains at the Edge
Authors: FORTI STEFANO , PAGANELLI FEDERICA , BROGI ANTONIO 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDeploying Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled virtual network function (VNF) chains to Cloud-Edge infrastructures requires determining a placement for each VNF that satisfies all set deployment requirements as well as a software-defined routing of traffic flows between consecutive functions that meets all set communication requirements. In this article, we present a declarative solution, EdgeUsher, to the problem of how to best place VNF chains to Cloud-Edge infrastructures. EdgeUsher can determine all eligible placements for a set of VNF chains to a Cloud-Edge infrastructure so to satisfy all of their hardware, IoT, security, bandwidth, and latency requirements. It exploits probability distributions to model the dynamic variations in the available Cloud-Edge infrastructure and to assess output eligible placements against those variations.