bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erlendur Haraldsson: An Appreciation
Authors: Tucker Jim 
Published: March 2021

Erlendur Haraldsson, a prolific researcher who made a number of major contributions in various areas of parapsychology and survival research, died in Reykjavik on November 22, 2020 at the age of 89. Born near Reykjavik, Erlendur studied philosophy in college, but his interest in understanding more about the world began before that. When he was 15, he had an experience during a heavy storm when the sun suddenly shone through the clouds and lit up pebbles on the banks of the nearby shore. As the light reflected off the pebbles, Erlendur sensed being filled with light himself in a way that was immense and beyond words. In an interview with Michael Tymn (2015), he said that a vivid trace of that feeling stayed with him forever and that after that, he never doubted that there was a superior reality. Following college, he worked for three years, mostly as a journalist, before returning to school to study psychology, eventually earning a PhD under Hans Bender in Freiburg. After that, he spent a year working at J. B. Rhine’s parapsychology center in Durham, North Carolina, followed by an internship in clinical psychology at the University of Virginia, where he met Ian Stevenson. He and Stevenson studied an Icelandic medium together, introducing Erlendur to the topic of mediumship which he would return to in subsequent decades. Following his internship, he entered the field with a bang. Karlis Osis, the director of research of the American Society for Psychical Research, invited Erlendur to join him in a large study of deathbed visions. They surveyed hundreds of doctors and nurses in both the United States and India about events they had witnessed in their patients. What resulted was a landmark study, one that exemplified the best the field has to offer—detailed statistical analysis along with compelling individual reports. One striking example involved a two-and-a-half year old boy whose mother had died six months before. The respondent wrote, “He was lying there very quiet. He just sat himself up, and he put his arms out and said, ‘Mama,’ and fell back [dead]” (Osis and Haraldsson, 1977, p. 53). Osis and Haraldsson found that the data did not support known medical or psychological causes of hallucinations. Likewise, the influences of religious or other cultural factors could not be used to explain away the phenomena.
Signs of Reincarnation: Exploring Beliefs, Cases, and Theory by James Matlock
Authors: Sudduth Michael 
Published: March 2021

James Matlock’s Signs of Reincarnation discusses important issues related to the belief in reincarnation. These include the historical and social prominence of this belief in various cultures around the world, especially its place in spiritual and religious communities. Matlock also explores data seemly suggestive of reincarnation and attempts to develop a theory of reincarnation that can account for the data collected by parapsychological investigators and researchers. In this way, Matlock aims to show that belief in reincarnation is defensible as a conclusion drawn from what he calls “signs” of reincarnation.
Matlock does a good job mapping out the wide range of beliefs about reincarnation across time and culture. His description of various case studies and their salient features is highly informative. And his effort to develop a theory of reincarnation—what he calls a “processual soul theory”—is a laudable attempt at trying to accommodate the various details of interesting case studies and a core idea of reincarnation in the spiritual traditions of the world.
Unfortunately, this is where my praise ends. Like many other books on the topic, Matlock’s book suffers from a variety of serious defects. The cavalcade of poor scholarship, conceptual confusion, and impoverished argumentation is particularly egregious given that Signs is allegedly based on the lecture notes for Matlock’s course on reincarnation pitched at the advanced undergraduate or Masters-level graduate seminar. In what follows, I’ll explain why Matlock’s book is paradigmatic of nearly everything that’s wrong with survival research over the past thirty years.
Алашорда үкіметі мен Алаш ардагерлері ұлт тілінің мəселелері жайлы
Authors: Мұхамбетов Ж. , Кəдірова С. , Ермекқалиева Ш. 
Published: March 2021

Мақалада ХХ ғасырдың алғашқы ширегінде қазақ жерінде саяси құрылым болған Алашорда мемлекеті мен оған қызмет еткен Алаш ардагерлерінің қазақ тілі жайындағы теориялық, əдістемелік жəне тəжірибелік еңбектері талданған. Авторлар талдау барысында ардагерлердің ұлттық тілдің көркем əдебиет, публицистикалық жəне ауызекі сөйлеу тілі ғана емес, ресми жəне іс қағаздары, ғылыми-педагогикалық стильдерде белсенді қызмет атқарып, толық қанды əдеби тіл деңгейінде қалыптасып дамуы мəселелерін көтеріп қана қойған жоқ, оны өздері тікелей іске асырғандығы олардың еңбектері негізінде дəйектей баяндайды. Мақала авторлары ізденіс нəтижесінде қазақ тілінің қазіргі ұғымдағы «мемлекеттік тіл» мəртебесінің негізін Алашорда қайраткерлері қалаған деген тұжырымға келген.
Числовой код во фразеологической картине мира различных лингвокультур: опыт сопоставительного анализа
Authors: Жауыншиева Ж.Б. , Киынова Ж.К. , Бергман А. 
Published: March 2021

В статье рассмотрены числовые значения во фразеологической картине мира различных лингвокультур. На основе сопоставительного анализа символических значений устойчивых сочетаний казахского, русского, немецкого, испанского и английского языков проведено описание их культурно обусловленной семантики. Особое внимание обращено на символику прототипических чисел семь, сорок, девять, которые входят в состав многих фразеологизмов и эксплицируют культурные смыслы, восходящие к ключевым ценностям народной философии. Авторы приходят к выводу о том, что сопоставительное изучение числа дает информацию о культурно обусловленных квантитативных критериях, позволяет определить сходства и различия числовых значений в различных лингвокультурах.
A rare case of a cystic renal mass with heterotopic ossification and a mini literature review
Authors: Wang Xisheng , Zhang Zejian , Zhu Xia , Cheng Wende , Fang Jiqing , Cai Yuefeng , Li Wei , Thakker Parth Udayan , Zhang Yuanyuan 
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION: It is a challenge to make accurate pre-surgical diagnosis for renal tumors. This study is to report the findings, management, and outcome of one rare case of ossification in a cystic renal mass. We present and discuss the pathological characteristics, radiologic features, and treatment alternatives of the patient. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 38 years old female patient had intermittent epigastric pain and microscopic hematuria for two months. Computerized tomography (CT) scan and Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) showed a mass with rough edge and dense calcification in the upper pole of the right kidney and normal left kidney. Pre-operative diagnosis is cystic nephroma or cystic renal mass (Bosniak III type, Bosniak renal cyst classification). GFR was within normal limits for age and no other significant laboratory aberrations were noted. Patient underwent a right retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (margin status was negative). A mini literature review was performed to highlight the principals of diagnosis and treatment of cystic renal mass with heterotopic ossification. RESULTS: The entire renal mass was successfully removed from upper pole of the right kidney by laparoscopic nephron sparing surgery. The size of renal mass is 38×35×30 mm3 with thick and hard capsular wall. The cystic cavity contains yellow lipid-like substances without stone. Histological examination revealed renal cyst in which the cyst wall reveals fibrosis and no obvious lining epithelium. The additional unique feature includes the presence of dense calcification and ossification in the renal mass. Localization tissue of yellow bone marrow was detected. No complications occurred in 9 months after surgery during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Cystic renal mass with heterotopic ossification is a rare case of non-malignant renal tumor. Whether surgery is needed depends to whether patients have symptoms. For symptom renal tumors, laparoscopic nephron sparing surgical procedure is recommended. Furthermore, complete surgical resection of the lesion is needed when the mass is suspected to be malignant. An accurate histologic diagnosis is key in its diagnosis.
The Role of Intestinal Dysbacteriosis Induced Arachidonic Acid Metabolism Disorder in Inflammaging in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Sun Yingxin , Wu Danbin , Zeng Wenyun , Chen Yefei , Guo Maojuan , Lu Bin , Li Huhu , Sun Chun , Yang Lin , Jiang Xijuan , Gao Qing 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundAging induced chronic systemic inflammatory response is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis (AS) development; however, the detailed mechanism is yet to be elucidated.ObjectiveTo explore the underlying mechanism of how aging aggravates AS advancement.MethodsA young (five-week-old, YM) and aged group (32-week-old, OM) male apoE-/- mice with a high fat diet were used as models, and age-matched male wild-type C57BL/6J (WT) mice were used as controls. AS lesion size, serum lipid profile, cytokines, and gut microbiota-derived LPS were analyzed after 32 weeks of diet intervention. A correlation analysis between the 16S rRNA sequencing of the feces and serum metabolomics profiles was applied to examine the effect of their interactions on AS.ResultsApoE-/- mice developed severe atherosclerosis and inflammation in the aorta compared to the WT groups, and aged apoE-/- mice suffered from a more severe AS lesion than their younger counterparts and had low-grade systemic inflammation. Furthermore, increased levels of serum LPS, decreased levels of SCFAs production, as well as dysfunction of the ileal mucosal barrier were detected in aged mice compared with their younger counterparts. There were significant differences in the intestinal flora composition among the four groups, and harmful bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae_FCS020, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-009, Acetatifactor, Lachnoclostridium and Lactobacillus_gasseri were significantly increased in the aged apoE-/- mice compared with the other groups. Concurrently, metabolomics profiling revealed that components involved in the arachidonic acid (AA) metabolic pathway such as 20-HETE, PGF2α, arachidonic acid, and LTB4 were significantly higher in the aged AS group than in the other groups. This suggested that metabolic abnormalities and disorders of intestinal flora occurred in AS mice.ConclusionsAging not only altered the gut microbiome community but also substantially disturbed metabolic conditions. Our results confirm that AA metabolism is associated with the imbalance of the intestinal flora in the AS lesions of aged mice. These findings may offer new insights regarding the role of gut flora disorders and its consequent metabolite changed in inflammaging during AS development.
Predictive Analysis of the Neutralization Activity in Convalescent Plasmas From COVID-19 Recovered Patients in Zhejiang Province, China, January-March, 2020
Authors: Yuan Yajie , Yu Liang , Jin Zi , Wang Yongjun , Gao Meng , Ding Haojie , Zhuo Xunhui , Zhu Xiao , Gao Fei , Zheng Xiaojun , Ying Guoqing , Xu Xiaowei , Kong Qingming , Lu Shaohong , Lv Hangjun 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundConvalescent plasma (CP) transfusion is considered to be the priority therapeutic option for COVID-19 inpatients when no specific drugs are available for emerging infections. An alternative, simple, and sensitive method is urgently needed for clinical use to detect neutralization activity of the CP to avoid the use of inconvenient micro-neutralization assay.MethodThis study aims to explore optimal index in predicting the COVID-19 CP neutralization activity (neutralizing antibody titers, NAb titers) in an indirect ELISA format. Fifty-seven COVID-19-recovered patients plasma samples were subjected to anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD, S1, and N protein IgG antibody by indirect ELISA.ResultsELISA-RBD exhibited high specificity (96.2%) and ELISA-N had high sensitivity (100%); while ELISA-S1 had low sensitivity (86.0%) and specificity (73.1%). Furthermore, ELISA-RBD IgG titers and pseudovirus-based NAb titers correlated significantly, with R2 of 0.2564 (P &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionELISA-RBD could be a substitute for the neutralization assay in resource-limited situations to screen potential plasma donors for further plasma infusion therapy.
Different Lipid Parameters in Predicting Clinical Outcomes in Chinese Statin-Naïve Patients After Coronary Stent Implantation
Authors: Zeng Li , Ye Ziwei , Li Ying , Zhou Yiling , Shi Qingyang , Hu Tao , Fu Minghuan , Wu Caojie , Tian Haoming , Li Sheyu 
Published: March 2021

Background: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a critical surrogate outcome for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent observational studies identified different predictive lipid parameters, but these have not been fully validated in the Chinese population. This study aimed to compare the predictive value of lipid parameters for cardiovascular outcomes in Chinese statin-naïve patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: We retrospectively recruited statin-naïve patients who underwent PCI for stable angina and acute coronary syndrome at Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017. A follow-up was conducted via outpatient visits or telephone. We divided patients into three groups based on lipid parameter tertiles. We calculated the hazard ratios (HRs) of the highest and lowest tertiles for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression. We compared the association strength of lipid parameters with MACEs using the HR of non-LDL-C lipid parameters relative to LDL-C.Results: Among 445 included patients, the highest LDL-C, LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), atherosclerosis index, and non-HDL-C level tertiles were associated with an average increase of 165% (HR 2.65, confidence interval [CI] 1.26 to 5.61; P = 0.01), 324% (HR 4.24, CI 1.89 to 9.52; P &lt; 0.001), 152% (HR 2.52, CI 1.22 to 5.22; P = 0.01), and 125% (HR 2.25, CI 1.09 to 4.64; P = 0.01) in the hazard of composite CVD, respectively. Lipoprotein (a) levels did not show a significant association with the endpoints. Except for LDL-C/HDL-C, different lipid parameter HR ratios were &lt;1.0; none were statistically significant.Conclusion: Compared with non-LDL-C lipid parameters, LDL-C acts better predictive value for cardiovascular outcomes in general Chinese statin-naïve post-PCI patients.
Central and Peripheral Adiposity Had Different Effect on Disability in Centenarians
Authors: Yang Shanshan , Wang Shengshu , Tai Penggang , Jia Wangping , Han Ke , Liu Miao , He Yao 
Published: March 2021

PurposeTo explore the correlations between waist circumference, body mass index, calf circumference (CC), and waist-calf circumference ratio (WCR) and activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) in Hainan centenarians.Patients and MethodsA total of 1,002 Hainan centenarians were selected by full sample household survey. ADLs and IADLs were used to investigate the ability of activity and instrumental activity in daily living. The possible non-linear associations were further analyzed using restricted cubic spline.ResultsAfter adjusting for demographic characteristics (gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, educational level, and type of residence) and lifestyle (smoking, drinking, and exercise), the odds ratio (OR) of CC (continuous variable) on ADL disability in centenarians was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85–0.96), while high WCR (continuous variable) was related with high risk of ADL disability (OR=1.73; 95% confidence interval[CI], 1.07–2.80). The ORs of CC and WCR for IADL severe disability were 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82–0.91) and 2.23 (95% CI, 1.52–3.28), respectively.ConclusionCentral (WCR) and peripheral (CC) adiposity had different effects on disability (ADL and IADL) in centenarians. Even in centenarians, maintaining muscle mass (with higher calf circumference) and avoiding central obesity are of positive significance for the prevention of ADL/IADL disability.
Extending the Spatio-Temporal Applicability of DISPATCH Soil Moisture Downscaling Algorithm: A Study Case Using SMAP, MODIS and Sentinel-3 Data
Authors: Ojha Nitu , Merlin Olivier , Suere Christophe , Escorihuela Maria José 
Published: March 2021

DISPATCH is a disaggregation algorithm of the low-resolution soil moisture (SM) estimates derived from passive microwave observations. It provides disaggregated SM data at typically 1 km resolution by using the soil evaporative efficiency (SEE) estimated from optical/thermal data collected around solar noon. DISPATCH is based on the relationship between the evapo-transpiration rate and the surface SM under non-energy-limited conditions and hence is well adapted for semi-arid regions with generally low cloud cover and sparse vegetation. The objective of this paper is to extend the spatio-temporal coverage of DISPATCH data by 1) including more densely vegetated areas and 2) assessing the usefulness of thermal data collected earlier in the morning. Especially, we evaluate the performance of the Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) instead of SEE in the DISPATCH algorithm over vegetated areas (called vegetation-extended DISPATCH) and we quantify the increase in coverage using Sentinel-3 (overpass at around 09:30 am) instead of MODIS (overpass at around 10:30 am and 1:30 pm for Terra and Aqua, respectively) data. In this study, DISPATCH is applied to 36 km resolution Soil Moisture Active and Passive SM data over three 50 km by 50 km areas in Spain and France to assess the effectiveness of the approach over temperate and semi-arid regions. The use of TVDI within DISPATCH increases the coverage of disaggregated images by 9 and 14% over the temperate and semi-arid sites, respectively. Moreover, including the vegetated pixels in the validation areas increases the overall correlation between satellite and in situ SM from 0.36 to 0.43 and from 0.41 to 0.79 for the temperate and semi-arid regions, respectively. The use of Sentinel-3 can increase the spatio-temporal coverage by up to 44% over the considered MODIS tile, while the overlapping disaggregated data sets derived from Sentinel-3 and MODIS land surface temperature data are strongly correlated (around 0.7). Additionally, the correlation between satellite and in situ SM is significantly better for DISPATCH (0.39–0.80) than for the Copernicus Sentinel-1-based (−0.03 to 0.69) and SMAP/S1 (0.37–0.74) product over the three studies (temperate and semi-arid) areas, with an increase in yearly valid retrievals for the vegetation-extended DISPATCH algorithm.
Future Changes in Oceanography and Biogeochemistry Along the Canadian Pacific Continental Margin
Authors: Holdsworth Amber M. , Zhai Li , Lu Youyu , Christian James R. 
Published: March 2021

Model projections of ocean circulation and biogeochemistry are used to investigate large scale climate changes under moderate mitigation (RCP 4.5) and high emissions (RCP 8.5) scenarios along the continental shelf of the Canadian Pacific Coast. To reduce computational cost, an approach for dynamical downscaling of climate projections was developed that uses atmospheric climatologies with augmented winds to simulate historical (1986–2005) and future (2046–2065) periods separately. The two simulations differ in initial and lateral open boundary conditions. For each simulation, the daily climatology of surface winds in the driving model was augmented with high-frequency variability from an atmospheric reanalysis product. The “time-slice” approach was able to reproduce the observed climate state for the historical period. Sensitivity tests confirmed that the high frequency wind variability plays an essential role in freshwater distribution in this region. Projections suggest that sea surface temperature will increase by 1.8–2.4°C and surface salinity will decrease between −0.08 and −0.23 depending on whether a moderate or high emissions scenario is used. Stratification increases throughout the region and there is some evidence of nutrient limitation near the surface. Primary production and phytoplankton productivity (chlorophyll) also increase. Density surfaces are relocated deeper in the water column and this change is mainly driven by surface heating and freshening. Changes in saturation state are mainly due to anthropogenic CO2with minor contributions from solubility, remineralization and advection. There is little difference between RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 with regard to projections of deoxygenation and acidification. The depths of the aragonite saturation state and the oxygen minimum zone are projected to become shallower by ≃ 100 and ≃ 75 m respectively. Extreme states of temperature, oxygen and acidification are projected to become more frequent and more extreme, with the frequency of occurrence of[O2]<60 mmolm-3expected to approximately double under either scenario.
Effect of Y2O3 Addition on High-Temperature Oxidation of Binderless Tungsten Carbide
Authors: Wang Jinfang , Zuo Dunwen , Zhu Liu , Tu Zhibiao , Lin Xiao , Wu Yinan , Li Weiwei , Zhang Xiaoqiong 
Published: March 2021

High-temperature oxidation tests were carried out on binderless tungsten carbide (WC) with different Y2O3 contents (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt.%) and on YG3 cemented carbide. Results demonstrated that the addition of Y2O3 led to a significant improvement in the high-temperature oxidation resistance of binderless tungsten carbide compared with those of YG3 cemented carbide and pure tungsten carbide. After oxidation at 800°C for 120 min, the oxidation weight gain of binderless tungsten carbide with 1 wt.% Y2O3 was 58.54 mg cm−2, corresponding to the reduction by 47.7% compared with YG3 cemented carbide. In the high temperature oxidation process, WC in the triangle grain boundary was first oxidized to Y2WO6 due to the high activity of Y2O3 which is present mainly in the WC grain boundaries. The transport of W4+ outward along the grain boundary and the diffusion of O2− inward along the grain boundary were hindered by Y2WO6 with the high ionic radius and thus the antioxidant capacity of binderless tungsten carbide was improved. Meanwhile, the adhesive ability of oxidation layer on the substrate was enhanced with the “pinning effect” of Y2WO6, which also led to the improvement of oxidation resistance. With the Y2O3 content increasing from 1 to 4 wt.%, the antioxidant properties of binderless tungsten carbide gradually declined, and the antioxidant performance of binderless tungsten carbide with 1 wt.% Y2O3 was found to be the best.