bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Immune-Related Gene Pairs Signature Predicts Overall Survival in Melanoma
Authors: Pan Ding , Ou Qi-Feng , Wu Pan-Feng , Yu Fang , Tang Ju-Yu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:The incidence rate and mortality rate of melanoma have been increasing in recent decades. Increasing evidence has depicted the correlation between melanoma prognosis and immune signature. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a robust prognostic immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs) signature for estimating overall survival (OS) of melanoma.Methods:Gene expression profiling and clinical information of melanoma patients were derived from two public data sets, divided into training and validation cohorts. Immune genes significantly associated with prognosis were selected. Results:Among 1,646 immune genes, a 25 IRGPs signature was built which was significantly associated with OS in the training cohort (P=1.80×10−22; hazard ratio [HR] =9.50 [6.04, 14.93]). In the validation datasets, the IRGPs signature significantly divided patients into high- vs low- risk groups considering their prognosis (P=2.47×10−4; HR =2.99 [1.66, 5.38]) and was prognostic in multivariate analysis. Functional analysis showed that several biological processes, including keratinization and pigment phenotype-related pathways, enriched in the high-risk group. Macrophages M0, NK cells resting and T cells gamma delta were significantly higher in the high-risk group compared with the low-risk group. Conclusions:We successfully constructed a robust IRGPs signature with prognostic values for melanoma, providing new insights into post-operational treatment strategies.
T cell-Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) occurs in Non-Asians and is associated with a T cell activation state that is comparable to primary HLH
Authors: Shamriz Oded , Kumar Deepak , Shim Jenny , Briones Michael , Quarmyne Maa-Ohui , Chonat Satheesh , Lucas Laura , Edington Holly , White Michael H. , Mahajan Advay , Park Sunita , Chandrakasan Shanmuganathan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
PurposeT cell-Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (T cell-EBV-HLH) is prevalent in East Asia and has poor prognosis. Understanding of this disease is limited and literature regarding prevalence in North America is scarce. Herein, we summarize our experience. MethodsA retrospective analysis of T cell-EBV-HLH patients admitted to Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (GA, USA) from 2010-2020 was conducted. Additional immune studies were completed in a subset of patients. ResultsWe report 15 patients (10 months-19 years of age) diagnosed with T cell-EBV-HLH. Nine patients were Hispanic and the majority without primary HLH (p-HLH) gene defects. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in T cell-EBV-HLH were significantly higher than other forms of secondary-HLH but comparable to p-HLH, and it correlated with disease severity at presentation. Natural-Killer cell function was decreased in most patients despite a negative workup for p-HLH. Depending on disease severity, initial therapy included dexamethasone or dexamethasone and etoposide. Refractory patients were managed with blended regimens that included one or more of these therapies - combination chemotherapy, alemtuzumab, emapalumab and nivolumab. Rituximab did not appreciably decrease EBV viremia in most patients. Alemtuzumab resulted in inflammation flare in 2 of the 3 patients. Two patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, with disease relapse noted in one. At a median follow-up of 3 years, 10 of the 15 patients are alive.ConclusionT cell-EBV-HLH occurs in the US among the non-Asian population, especially in those who are Hispanic. The amplitude of T cell activation noted in T cell-EBV-HLH is comparable to p-HLH.
Effects of Ambient Air Quality Improvement on Mortality From Acute Air Pollution Exposure in Beijing
Authors: Han Jingxiu , Jingxiu Han , Congshen Meng , Jingyi Liu , Chunyu Xu , Zhe Liu , Qin Wang , Yue Liu , Dongqun Xu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Exposure to air pollutants increase the mortality of population. Developing countries have taken measures to control air pollution. To explore the effects of air quality improvement on mortality, air quality and acute exposure-response coefficients of excess death in Beijing since the 1990’s were analyzed. It was divided into five stages according to the concentration level of pollutants. Coefficients for period 1990 – 2013 were obtained by retrieving literatures published before December 31, 2019. The coefficients for period 2015 – 2017 were obtained by analyzing the daily data of air pollutant concentration, meteorological and human mortality conducting Poisson Generalized Additive Model (GAM). Meta-analysis of random effect model was used to estimate the integrated coefficient of multiple studies at each stages. Comparative analysis was used to analyze the variation of air quality and coefficients in different stages. The results showed that the concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm (PM10) and ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) decreased by up to 50%, 21%, 22% and 15% in different stages. The coefficient of SO2 on death from respiratory diseases decreased by up to 63.79%. The coefficients of NO2 on mortality from non-accidental causes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease decreased by up to 0.95%, 1.34% and 0.54%. The coefficients of PM10, PM2.5 on mortality from cardiovascular diseases and respiratory disease were decreased by up to 0.19%, 0.31%, 0.65% and 0.36%. Continued improvements in air quality have reduced the acute impact on the health of the local population.
Diminution of Hg(II)-induced cellular and DNA damage in human blood cells by uric acid
Authors: Ahmad Shahbaz , Tufail Neda , Parveen Nazia , Mahmood Riaz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a widespread environmental pollutant and toxicant which induces multiple organ damage in humans and animals. Hg toxicity is mediated by the induction of oxidative stress in target cells. We have used uric acid (UA), a potent antioxidant found in biological fluids, to protect human red blood cells (RBC) and lymphocytes against Hg-mediated cell, organelle and geno-toxicity. RBC were incubated with HgCl2, an Hg(II) compound, either alone or in presence of UA. Incubation of RBC with only HgCl2 increased production of nitrogen and oxygen radical species, enhanced methemoglobin levels, heme degradation, free ferrous iron, oxidation of proteins and membrane lipids and reduced antioxidant capacity of cells. Prior incubation of RBC with UA led to considerable UA concentration-dependent decline in formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and also attenuated alterations in oxidative stress and biochemical parameters. UA enhanced the antioxidant capacity of RBC and restored metabolic, plasma membrane-bound and antioxidant enzyme activities. Scanning electron microscopy showed that UA prevented HgCl2-mediated morphological changes in RBC. HgCl2 dissipated the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased lysosomal membrane damage in lymphocytes, but UA pre-treatment attenuated these effects. Genotoxicity analysis by comet method showed that UA protected lymphocyte DNA from HgCl2-induced damage. Importantly, UA itself did not exhibit any deleterious effects in either RBC or lymphocytes. Thus, UA protects human blood cells from Hg(II)-mediated oxidative damage reducing the harmful effects of this extremely toxic metal. We suggest that UA performs a similar protective role in the plasma against heavy metal toxicity.
Ketoconazole-p Aminobenzoic Cocrystal Exhibits a Potent Anti-inflammatory Effect on the Skin of BALBc&nbsp;Mice&nbsp;
Authors: Danescu Sorina , Filip Gabriela Adriana , Moldovan Remus , Olteanu Diana , Nagy Andras , Filip Xenia , Martin Flavia , Kacso Irina , Baldea Ioana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Fungal infections are a growing global health problem. Therefore, our group has designed and characterized a novel cocrystal formulation starting from ketoconazole and para-amino benzoic acid, named KET-PABA aiming to improve the bioavailability, biocompatibility, and efficiency of the parent drug. The cocrystal showed improved physical properties, such as stability in suspension, solubility, as well as antimycotic efficiency as compared to ketoconazole. The current study investigated the local possible side effects induced on BALBc mice skin by the application of KET-PABA cocrystal. KET-PABA proved to be safe, without signs of skin sensitization as shown by the mouse ear sensitization test (MEST), or histopathology. KET-PABA induced a potent anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL1α, IL1β, IL6 and TNFα, and other inflammation promoters such as NRF2, compared to the vehicle. KET-PABA had no effect on the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10, or proinflammatory enzyme COX2 and had minimal effects on the activation of the NFκB pathway. Overall, KET-PABA application induced no sensitization, moreover, it induced an anti-inflammatory response. Based on the improved antimycotic effect versus ketoconazole and the anti-inflammatory action, KET-PABA cocrystal has the potential to be an efficient drug in the treatment of cutaneous mycosis.
Level of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies after two doses CoronaVac vaccine: Primarily report
Authors: Binay Umut , Karakecili Faruk , Barkay Orcun , Gul Ozlem , Mertoglu Cuma 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: It is necessary to use an effective vaccine to end the COVID-19 pandemic.CoronaVac vaccine is used in our country and we aimed to examine the level of antibody development after theseconddose.Methods:This is a retrospective, cross-sectional research. The dataof the people, who applied to a university hospital between January and March 2021, were analyzed. Those who had SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgMmeasurement in the previous two weeks before the CoronoVac vaccine, and those who were both found negative and who had SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM measurement after the seconddose of CoronaVac vaccine were included in the research. SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM were measured by VIDAS® (BioMérieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France) device for the detection of spike protein specific IgG/IgM of SARS-CoV-2 in human serum with ELFA (Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay) technique.Results: 75 people were included in thisresearch. It was found that the individuals had SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM measurements between 14 and 21 days after the first dose of CoronaVac vaccine.It was observed that 12% (n = 9) of the cases had a history of COVID-19.The rate of positivity for SARS CoV-2 IgG level after vaccination was 100%.Conclusions: It can be said that two doses of CoronaVac vaccine create an effective humoral immunity.
Machine Learning Concepts for Correlated Big Data Privacy
Authors: BISWAS SREEMOYEE , Khare Nilay , Agrawal Pragati , Jain Priyank 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
With data becoming a salient asset worldwide, dependence within data kept on growing, hence the real world datasets that one works upon in today's time are highly correlated. Since the past few years, researchers have given attention to this aspect of data privacy and found that where there exists a correlation among data, the existing privacy guarantees could not be assured with existing privacy algorithms. The privacy guarantees provided by existing algorithms were enough when there existed no relation between data in the datasets. Hence, by keeping the existence of data correlation into account, there is a dire need, to reconsider the privacy algorithms. Some of the research have considered to utilize a well known machine learning concept, i.e., Data Correlation Analysis to understand the relationship between data in a better way. This has given some promising results as well. Though its less but still a considerable amount of research has been done for correlated data privacy. But correlated big data privacy is very less explored. The real world datasets that are worked upon, are often large in size (technologically termed as big data) and house a high amount of data correlation. Hence, there is a grave need to understand and propose solutions for correlated big data privacy.
Short report: Examining the effect of a wearable, anxiety detection technology on improving the awareness of anxiety signs in autism spectrum disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nguyen Jenny , Anagnostou Evdokia , Brian Jessica A , Kushki Azadeh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Anxiety is prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and can negatively impact physical and mental health. Self-awareness of anxiety signs is a key barrier to success of anxiety interventions for many children. To address this, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess if the Anxiety Meter, a wearable, real-time anxiety detection technology can improve awareness of anxiety symptoms and the initiation of relaxation techniques in children with ASD. Twenty-eight children with ASD were trained on the use of the Anxiety Meter and taught a diaphragmatic breathing relaxation technique over three visits. On the fourth visit, participants were randomized to either receive feedback of their anxiety level or no feedback from the Anxiety Meter while completing a stress-eliciting task (public speaking) and asked to engage in deep breathing if anxious. Feedback from the Anxiety Meter was associated with increased likelihood of initiating deep breathing in response to anxiety. Although these results are limited by the relatively small sample size, they support the feasibility of using a wearable device and real-time feedback to improve anxiety symptom awareness.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02160691. Registered 5 June 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02160691
Investigation on the Utilization Of Coal Washery Rejects By Different Microbial Sources For Biogenic Methane Production
Authors: Ponnudurai Vinitha , Rajarathinam Ravikumar , Muthuvelu KirupaSankar , Velmurugan Sivasubramanian , Nalajala Radha Krishna , Arumugam Loganathan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
High energy consumption and depletion of fossil fuels lead to the introduction of new technologies to produce alternative fuels with fewer emissions of greenhouse gases. The present investigation was focused to utilize the waste coal washery rejects as a substrate to produce biogenic methane under optimum conditions. Experiments were performed to explore the efficiency of non-coal samples (cow dung, distillery anaerobic digester sludge) and coal mines enriched samples in the degradation of coal washery rejects. Further cow dung, distillery anaerobic sludge, and coal washery rejects were taken at various concentrations to develop anaerobic slurry with the capacity to grow under coal. Whereas the anaerobic slurry which contains 1:1:1 of cow dung, distillery anaerobic sludge, and coal washery rejects produced methane of around 55.7%. The coal enriched samples showed the maximum of 22.6% of methane. Subsequently, the best methane-producing anaerobic non-coal consortiums were compared with coal enriched microbial culture in converting coal washery rejects of 10 g/l to methane. Results revealed that cow dung inoculum and coal mine enriched inoculum source produced the nearly same amount of methane. This study suggested that the selected anaerobic slurries and coal enriched sample can utilize sub-bituminous coal washery rejects in methane production. Thus, these consortiums can be applied in converting a large amount of coal washery rejects into methane thus can lead to the reclamation of the site.
Experimental characterization and numerical determination of the rigidity of a Binder Magnetic synchronous belt transmission type AT10
Authors: Mohammed Merghache Sidi , Mohammed Merghache Sidi , Amine Hamdi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Given the important role of synchronous belts in the functioning of mechanisms, they are the subject of numerous studies and researches in order to define them more and more finely. Their mechanical characteristics influence the behavior in operation of the mechanisms that they entail. Also, the measurement of the characteristics of the longitudinal stiffness of the belt and the stiffness of the teeth is necessary to better control their behavior. In addition, these parameters constitute input data for models of lifetime and dynamic behavior of synchronous transmissions. An approach for the determination of longitudinal stiffness is presented. We have demonstrated a study comparing the measurement of the rigidity of a toothed belt by two methods. This is to qualify the first method of measurement through experimentation. And the second measurement method using the simulation of this toothed belt by SOLIDWORKS software.
Molecular Identification of Immunity- and Ferroptosis-related Gene Signature in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Liu Taisheng , Zhang Jinye , Hu Xiaoshan , Xie Tao , Zhang Jian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is one of the dominant causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death, plays an important role in the cancer immunotherapy. However, the role of immunity- and ferroptosis-related gene signature in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unknown.Method: The RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) expression data and clinical information of NSCLC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and performed differential analysis. Univariate and multivariate cox regressions were used to identify the ferroptosis-related gene, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) model was established using the independent risk factors. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the biological functions of differential genes.Results: A 5-gene signature was constructed to stratify patients into high- and low-risk groups. Compared with patients in the low-risk group, patients in the high-risk group showed significantly poor overall survival (P < 0.001 in the TCGA cohort and P = 0.001 in the GSE13213 cohort). The risk score was an independent predictor for overall survival in multivariate Cox regression analyses (HR > 1, P < 0.01). The 1 year-, 2 year- and 3 year-ROCs were 0.792, 0.644 and 0.641 in TCGA and 0.623, 0.636 and 0.631 in GSE13213, respectively. Functional analysis revealed that immune-related pathways were enriched, and immune status were different between two risk groups. Conclusions: We identified differently expressed immunity- and ferroptosis-related genes that may involve in NSCLC. These genes may predict the overall survival in NSCLC and targeting ferroptosis may be an alternative for clinical therapy.
Logistic regression analysis on risk factors of augmented vertebra recompression after percutaneous vertebral augmentation
Authors: An Zhongcheng , Chen Chen , Wang Junjie , Zhu Yuchen , Dong Liqiang , Wei Hao , Wu Lianguo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore the high-risk factors of augmented vertebra recompression after percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF), and analyze the correlation between these factors and augmented vertebra recompression after PVA.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 353 patients who received PVA for a single-segment osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture from January 2017 to December 2018 in our department according to inclusion criteria. All cases meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups: 82 patients in recompression group and 175 patients in non-compression group. The following covariates were reviewed: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), injured vertebral segment, bone mineral density(BMD) during follow-up, intravertebral cleft（IVC）before operation, selection of surgical methods, unilateral or bilateral puncture, volume of bone cement injected, postoperative leakage of bone cement, distribution of bone cement, contact between the bone cement and the upper or lower endplates, and anterior height of injured vertebrae before operation, after surgery and at the last follow-up. Univariate analysis was performed on these factors, and the statistically significant factors were substituted into the logistic regression model to analyze their correlation with the augmented vertebra recompression after PVA. Results: A total of 257 patients from 353 patients were included in this study. The follow-up time was 12-24 months, with an average of (13.5±0.9) months. All the operations were successfully completed, and the pain of patients was relieved obviously after PVA. Univariate analysis showed that in the early stage after PVA, the augmented vertebra recompression was correlated with BMD, surgical methods, volume of bone cement injected, preoperative IVC, contact between bone cement and the upper or lower endplates, and recovery of anterior column height. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Among them, multiple factors logistic regressioin elucidated that more injected cement (P<0.001,OR=0.558) and high BMD (P=0.028, OR=0.583) were negatively correlated with the augmented vertebra recompression after PVA, which meant protective factors (B<0). Preoperative IVC (P<0.001, OR=3.252) and bone cement not in contact with upper or lower endplates (P=0.006, OR=2.504) were risk factors for the augmented vertebra recompression after PVA. The augmented vertebra recompression after PVP was significantly less than that of PKP (P=0.007, OR=0.337).Conclusions: The augmented vertebra recompression after PVA is due to the interaction of various factors, such as surgical methods, volume of bone cement injected, osteoporosis, preoperative IVC, and whether the bone cement is in contact with the upper or lower endplates.
RNA-Seq Reveals Adaptive Genetic Potential of the Rare Torrey Pine (Pinus torreyana) in the Face of Ips Bark Beetle Outbreaks
Authors: Steele Stephanie E. , Ryder Oliver , Maschinski Joyce 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The ability of tree species to adapt to water stress and increased frequency of bark beetle outbreaks with climate change may increase with population size and standing genetic variation, calling into question the resilience of small, rare plant populations. The Torrey pine (Pinus torreyana) is a rare, genetically depauperate conifer that occurs naturally in a mainland and island population in southern California. Due to recent declines in the mainland population coinciding with drought and Ips paraconfusus bark beetle outbreaks, the species would benefit from an assessment of adaptive genetic diversity. Here, we use RNA-Seq to survey gene-coding diversity across 40 individuals to 1) characterize patterns of genetic diversity in the species and 2) test for genetic differentiation between trees that succumbed to beetle attack or survived following an outbreak. Consistent with previous studies, we found few genetic variants, with most SNPs occurring as fixed differences between populations. However, we found structure within the mainland and polymorphisms segregating in both populations. Interestingly, we found differentiation in genotypes between attacked and surviving trees, 11 SNPs associated with survival status, and an enrichment of defense-related functions among the top 10% of SNPs. While low diversity suggests limited adaptive capacity, genetic associations with survival in functionally relevant genes suggest adaptive potential for bark beetle defense. This initial study prompts future research to explore the genetic basis of putative resistance and suggests conservation efforts should protect surviving genotypes and the full spectrum of genetic diversity across populations to preserve the evolutionary potential of the species.