bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Tribological Performance of Flame‐Sprayed Polyamide Coatings via Incorporation of Oil‐Containing Microcapsules
Authors: Chen Zhaoxiang , Hu Linglong , Ren Limei , Wang Jingbo , Qian Lihe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn order to improve the tribological performance of polyamide 11 (PA11) coatings, oil‐containing microcapsules, consisting of the heat‐resistant polysulfone (PSF) as the wall material and the polyalphaolefin 40 (PAO40) oil as the core material, were fabricated by the solvent evaporation method and then incorporated into PA11 coatings via the flame spray process. The microstructure and tribological performance of PA11 coatings were investigated before and after the incorporation of PAO40@PSF microcapsules. Results show that the synthesized PAO40@PSF microcapsules had an average diameter of 70 μm and exhibited good heat stability up to 380°C. Surface and cross‐sectional observations of coatings reveal that PAO40@PSF microcapsules were uniformly embedded in the PA11 coating. The incorporation of PAO40@PSF microcapsules had remarkable influence on the tribological performance of PA11 coatings. Specifically, comparing the PA11/PAO40@PSF composite coating containing 10 wt.% microcapsules to the pure PA11 coating, the friction coefficient and the wear rate were reduced by 67% and 45%, respectively, under the normal load of 370 N and at the rotational speed of 100 r/min. However, further increase in the content of PAO40@PSF microcapsules up to 15 wt.% resulted in a spike in the wear rate due to the decreased coating hardness and bonding strength.
Investigation of the Molecular Level Interaction in [CH3OH−CH2X2] Complexes (X=I, Br, and Cl) using Matrix‐Isolation IR Spectroscopy
Authors: Kumar Agrawal Sumit , Chakraborty Amrita , Chakraborty Shamik 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe
(X=Cl, Br, and I) complexes have been studied to understand the tendency towards the formation of hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds. Three different types of interactions viz., C–X
O, C‐H
O, and O‐H
X, are possible between the
and
. Experiments have been carried out in low temperature
matrix using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Electronic structure calculations have been performed to identify the possible binding motifs between
and
. Formation of more than one complex has been confirmed in
(X=Br and I) mixture, using the experimental and simulated IR spectra, whereas only one type of complex is found in
mixture. Energy decomposition analysis, quantum theory of atoms in molecules, and non‐covalent interaction analysis have been performed to understand the nature of interaction and the driving force for complexation under experimental conditions.
Surgical Treatment of Transgender and Gender‐Diverse Individuals and Health Outcomes
Authors: Boskey Elizabeth R. , Kant Jessica D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGender affirming surgeries are procedures that are used by transgender and gender diverse individuals to align their bodies to their gender identities. These have been shown to improve the mental health and wellbeing of those individuals who choose to access them. Rates of regret associated with gender affirming surgeries are low, and in addition to improving mental health and quality of life, these procedures have the potential to make it safer for transgender and gender diverse people to move through the world. This article provides a narrative review that places gender affirming surgeries in the current sociopolitical context of the United States. It describes common types of gender affirming surgery, protocols for surgical assessment, and the risks and benefits of surgery.
Is It the (Sexist) Company You're Keeping? Examining the Connection Between Psychological Health and Perceptions of Sexism Endorsement in One's Personal Network
Authors: Smith C. Veronica , Shaw Caitlin M. , Øverup Camilla S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAmbivalent sexism theory proposes that people endorse both positive/benevolent and negative/hostile views towards both women and men. Although some work has examined the effects of endorsing these views, no work to date has examined whether the perceived sexist beliefs of one's personal network are connected to one's own psychological health. Using a sample of American adults (N = 273), the current study used a novel methodology designed to assess the perceptions of the sexism in one's personal network (e.g., friends, co‐workers, romantic partners, family members), along with multiple measures of psychological health. Results suggest that perceived network hostile sexism towards women was associated with lower well‐being and greater distress, but perceived network benevolence towards women was associated with higher life satisfaction. Unexpectedly, perceiving one's network to endorse more hostile sexism towards men than oneself was associated with lower levels of distress and higher well‐being. Results were mostly consistent for both men and women.
Ultrasound‐Assisted Ionic Liquid Extraction of Polysaccharides From Crataegus songarica K. Koch Fruits: Structural Characterization and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Jiang Sheng‐qi , Chai Yu‐yang , Ma Shu‐fang , Wang Jun‐long , Shi Wen‐pan , He Peng‐peng , Pang Juan‐xia , Lin Yong‐gang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, we optimal the ultrasound‐assisted ionic liquid extraction (UAILE) process of polysaccharides from Crataegus songarica K. Koch fruits. The optimal conditions determined were ultrasonic power of 400 W, temperature of 79°C, extraction time of 78 min, ethylammonium dodecyl sulfate (EADS) concentration of 1.52 mg/mL, and liquid–solid ratio of 51:1 mL/g. Under these conditions, the polysaccharides yield was 34.37%, which was significantly higher than that obtained by the conventional ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) and hot water extraction (HWE) methods. After purification, we studied the chemical composition, physicochemical properties, and structural characteristics of polysaccharides (CSP). The results showed that CSP is a heteropolysaccharide containing α‐linkage glucopyranose, which is mainly composed of mannose, arabinose, galactose, and glucose, with a molecular weight (Mw) of 27.82 × 104 Da. In addition, CSP demonstrated significant free radical scavenging ability and was able to efficiently reduce the H2O2‐induced HepG2 cellular malondialdehyde (MDA) content, while enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activities, showing its superior antioxidant activity. On the basis of these properties, CSP is expected to be used as a novel efficacy factor in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Synergistic Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Dibenzoylmethane and Silibinin: Insights From LPS‐Induced RAW 264.7 Cells and TPA‐Induced Mouse Model
Authors: Huang Zebin , Zhang Wanying , Shu Qi , Guo Xiao‐Chun , Zheng Xi , Lu Yu‐Jing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInflammation is an important predisposing factor for many chronic diseases. The dietary flavonoid silibinin (SB) has excellent anti‐inflammatory properties in cells, but its low bioavailability in the blood compromises its therapeutic potential. This study aims to investigate the potential of dibenzoylmethane (DBM) to synergistically enhance the anti‐inflammatory benefits of SB. The synergistic effects of DBM and SB in combination were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced RAW264.7 cells and 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA)‐induced mice. In addition, a network pharmacology approach and molecular docking were used to explore the key targets and signaling pathways of DBM and SB in combination. The results showed that DBM and SB synergistically inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in a 1:1 concentration ratio. These two compounds may exert their synergistic effects by modulating the nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) and HIF‐1 signaling pathways, among others. Molecular docking revealed that both compounds exhibited high binding affinities to inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2). Compared with single‐compound use, the two compounds in combination significantly reduced ear edema and inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibited the protein expression of iNOS and COX‐2 in TPA‐induced mice. This research provides a rationale for the combination of DBM and SB as an effective anti‐inflammatory agent.
Cytotoxic Ruthenium(II)‐Diphosphine Complexes Affect the Mitochondrial Respiration of Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Palmeira‐Mello Marcos V. , Mesdom Pierre , Burckel Pierre , Hidalgo Samia , Blacque Olivier , Gasser Gilles , Batista Alzir A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this work, we studied six Ruthenium(II)‐diphosphine compounds containing different mercapto ligands (N−S), with general formula [Ru(N−S)(dppm)2]Cl (dppm=1,1‐bis(diphenylphosphino)methane). These compounds were characterized by several techniques (NMR [1H, 31P(1H), and 13C], HRMS, IR, UV‐Vis and XRD) and their purity confirmed by elemental analysis. DLS experiments revealed low diameters and polydispersity indexes, and positive log P values in n‐octanol/PBS indicated their preference for the organic phase. In general, these compounds are stable in different media over 48 h. Cytotoxicity experiments revealed promising IC50 values on A549 breast cancer cells, 0.48 μM and 0.80 μM for [Ru(mtz)(dppm)2]Cl (1) and [Ru(mmi)(dppm)2]Cl (2), respectively (mtz and mmi are 2‐mercapto‐2‐thiazoline and mercapto‐1‐methylimidazole in their deprotonated form, respectively). Clonogenic and migration experiments indicated their antiproliferative and anti‐migratory capacity. ICP‐MS results indicated their cellular accumulation in the nucleus, with little amounts in mitochondria. No covalent DNA binding was observed by ICP‐MS. JC‐1 and cell Mito Stress test confirmed mitochondrial dysfunction, which was verified by mitochondrial membrane potential uncoupling and drastic alterations in the oxygen consumption rate. Taken together, our results provide crucial insights regarding the anticancer potential of ruthenium(II)‐phosphine compounds.
Unmasking the Hidden Threat: The Role of Left Ventricular Subendocardial Involvement in Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease
Authors: Wu Danni , Li Xiao , Guo Tianchen , Feng Xiaojin , Li Xinhao , Wang Yining , Chen Wei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLate gadolinium enhancement (LGE) has been found in patients with autoimmune rheumatic disease (ARD). However, the prognostic implications of some specific LGE patterns in ARD patients remain unclear.PurposeTo investigate the prevalence and prognostic significance of left ventricular (LV) subendocardium‐involved LGE (LGEse) in a cohort of ARD patients.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study evaluated 176 patients diagnosed with ARD with clinically suspected cardiac involvement between 2018 and 2023. LV LGEse was defined as LGE involving the LV subendocardium that did not correspond to a coronary vascular distribution. The endpoints included a composite of cardiac death, heart failure‐related admission, cardiogenic shock, and appropriate pacemaker or implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator therapy.ResultsOf the 176 consecutive patients, LV LGEse was observed in 22 patients (13%). During a median follow‐up of 776 days (interquartile range, 395–1405 days), 20 patients (11%) experienced a composite endpoint. Compared with those without LV LGEse, the LV LGEse group had a greater proportion of men (64% vs. 14%; p < 0.001), lower LV ejection fraction (50% vs. 60%; p = 0.001), greater LV end‐diastolic volume index (78 vs. 75; p = 0.043), and more adverse outcomes (32% vs. 8%; p = 0.005). In the univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses, the LV LGEse showed independent prognostic value. In the sensitivity analyses, the prognostic difference in terms of LV subendocardial involvement remained.ConclusionIn our cohort, LV subendocardial involvement, an underrecognized LGE pattern, was observed in 13% of all patients with autoimmune disease and indicated a worse prognosis.
Beyond the Screen: Socialization, Community Building, and Interpersonal Connectivity in Bangladesh Through Video Games
Authors: Hossain Syed Arman , Fahad Abdullah Al 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article explores the intricate dynamics of video gaming among the youth of Dhaka, Bangladesh, exploring its profound influence on socialization and community building within the framework of theories such as the Theory of Attainment, Imagined Community, User and Gratification Theory, and Bourdieu's concept of “social capital.” Through a comprehensive blend of digital and autoethnographic methods, the research unveils how gaming transcends its solitary image to emerge as a potent cultural force in Bangladeshi society. The findings underscore the pivotal role of gaming in forging social bonds and nurturing communities, both in virtual realms and physical spaces. Gamers actively engage in collaboration, strategic planning, and the exchange of experiences, mirroring the dynamics of real‐world social networks. Despite concerns regarding addiction, the article illuminates the impact of video games on social cohesion among the youth demographic. Furthermore, it inquires into gaming culture's remarkable resilience in the face of societal norms and regulatory challenges, shedding light on the adaptive strategies employed by gamers to navigate and thrive in diverse contexts. By exploring the intricate interplay between virtual and real‐life experiences, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of how video games shape socialization among urban youth in the ever‐evolving landscape of Bangladesh.
The Rise of Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents: An Emerging Pandemic
Authors: Goyal Shiwali , Vanita Vanita 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimThis review explores the increasing prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents, focusing on its etiology, risk factors, complications, and the importance of early detection and management. It also highlights the need for a multidisciplinary, family‐centered approach in managing T2DM in pediatric populations, with an emphasis on nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle interventions.Materials and MethodsA literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus to incorporate studies from 2015 to 2024 on T2DM in youths/adolescents/children, focusing on epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies. Studies on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) or adult populations were excluded.ResultsT2DM is a complex metabolic disorder with various societal, behavioral, environmental, and genetic risk factors. It accounts for one in three new childhood diabetes cases, with rising incidence among American Indian/Alaska Native, Black, and Hispanic/Latino children. The increase in T2DM incidence correlates with growing childhood obesity rates. Early onset significantly raises the risk of complications like retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and obstructive sleep apnea. Early detection, screening, and treatment can prevent or delay these complications. A family‐centered, multidisciplinary approach is essential for effective management, including lifestyle and behavioral support.ConclusionsT2DM in children is a growing health concern with severe implications. Early detection and management, including nutrition and exercise counseling, are critical in reducing long‐term complications. A multidisciplinary approach is vital for improving outcomes and minimizing morbidity and mortality.
Pleiotropic Function of Cellular Prion Protein: Encompassing Endoplasmic‐Reticulum Stress, Cell Proliferation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Bose Rumela , Ghosh Madhubanti , Ain Rupasri 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCellular prion protein (PRNP) has been implicated in various physiological processes in different cell types, for decades. Little has been known how PRNP functions in multiple, yet related processes within a particular system. In our current study, with the aid of high‐throughput RNA‐sequencing technique, we have presented an overall transcriptome profile of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with Prnp knockdown. Fifty‐one genes were found to be differentially regulated, of which, genes involved in cell proliferation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway, show significant upregulation. That PRNP negatively regulates VSMC proliferation, has been demonstrated using immunoblot assays, BrdU incorporation assay and Ki‐67 immunofluorescence staining. As revealed from our RNA‐Seq data, ATF4, a downstream effector of the PERK arm of ER stress pathway is upregulated upon RNA interference of Prnp in VSMCs. As a result, the expression of the functional phosphorylated isoform of translation initiation factor eIF2α (p‐eIF2α) is elevated. Additionally, we also showed that downregulation of Prnp leads to excess intracellular ROS accumulation, subsequently leading to splicing of Xbp1 mRNA and triggering unfolded protein response (UPR) within the cell. Therefore, our findings highlight that PRNP directly or indirectly modulates an array of biological processes and plays a pivotal role in preserving the equilibrium between excess proliferation and optimal endoplasmic reticulum function, in VSMCs.
Vacuolar H+‐ATPase and Megalin‐Mediated Prorenin Uptake: Focus on Elements Beyond the (Pro)Renin Receptor
Authors: Wang Na , Lu Xifeng , Jan Danser A. H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMegalin is a multiple‐ligand receptor that contributes to protein reabsorption in the kidney. Recently, megalin was found to act as a novel endocytic receptor for prorenin. Internalization depended on the (pro)renin receptor. This receptor is an accessory protein of vacuolar H+‐ATPase (V‐ATPase), a complex consisting of 14 subunits and two accessory proteins. Here we explored whether V‐ATPase elements other than the (P)RR affect megalin‐mediated prorenin uptake. Using RNAi technology, we inhibited each individual V‐ATPase subunit in megalin‐expressing BN16 cells. Subsequently, we quantified megalin expression and the uptake of prorenin. To unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms, we investigated the adaptor proteins autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) and Disabled‐2 (Dab2), which are important for the endocytosis of megalin, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), a regulatory factor of megalin recycling, and endoplasmic reticulum stress factors (ERSF). Silencing subunit Atp6voa1 reduced prorenin uptake by 19%, while silencing accessory protein Atp6ap1 increased it by 15%. Silencing other subunits exerted a more modest or no effect. Silencing Atp6voa1 reduced surface megalin density, without altering its mRNA and protein levels, and this was associated with increased GSK3β phosphorylation and no change in ARH, Dab2, and ERSF. Silencing Atp6ap1 increased megalin mRNA and protein expression and this was accompanied by upregulation of ARH and ERSF, while Dab2 expression was unaltered. In conclusion, V‐ATPase units differently affect megalin‐mediated reabsorption of prorenin, thereby offering novel pharmacological targets to not only affect renal renin‐angiotensin system activity, but also to treat renal diseases that are associated with disturbed protein reabsorption, like Dent's disease.
The Killing of Cousins and Siblings‐In‐Law in Korea: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Shon Leah C. J. , Shon Phillip 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe killing of cousins and siblings‐in‐law has been examined as part of ‘relative killings’ in prior research. However, they have not been disaggregated and examined in their own right. A content analysis of a major Korean newspaper (Chosun Ilbo) and sentencing verdicts from regional trial courts of original jurisdiction in Korea was conducted. This paper examines the offence characteristics in cousin and siblings‐in‐law killings. Cousin and siblings‐in‐law killings made up 4% of 682 family homicides. The victims and offenders were primarily men who used edged weapons to kill one another during the course of arguments. Women appeared as offenders and victims in the early period (1948–1962) while they appeared primarily as victims in the latter period (2013–2023). The data suggest a shift in the age structure of victims and putative motivations across time. The average age of victims and offenders increased by 20 years; the character of violence also shifted from confrontational homicides to killings in the context of domestic disputes between relatives' spouses.
Genetic Conservation and Diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 Envelope Gene Across Variants of Concern
Authors: Liu Benjamin M. , Yao Qiaobin , Cruz‐Cosme Ruth , Yarbrough Casey , Draper Kyah , Suslovic William , Muhammad Imaan , Contes Kaia M. , Hillyard David R. , Teng Shaolei , Tang Qiyi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSARS‐CoV‐2 Envelope (E) protein is critical in viral assembly, release, and virulence. E gene was considered highly conserved and evolving slowly. Pan‐sarbecoviruses–conserved regions in the E gene have been used as targets for various RT‐PCR assays to detect SARS‐CoV‐2. It remains elusive whether SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern (VOCs) have accumulated significant E mutations that may affect protein stability and diagnostic RT‐PCR assays. Herein we aimed to perform a comprehensive genetic analysis on the conservation and diversity of the E gene of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its VOCs in comparison with other human coronaviruses (HCoVs). In silico analysis of 20 326 HCoV E gene sequences retrieved from GenBank and GISAID suggests that SARS‐CoV‐2 E gene has multiple pan‐HCoVs– and pan‐SARS‐CoV‐2–conserved positions but accumulates significant mutations in VOC B.1.351 and Omicron strains. Mutations were often found in the 5′ and 3′ variable regions, whereas the central region is conserved. Nucleotide changes C109U and A114G may lead to potential failure of first‐line SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnostic/screening assays. Nucleotide change C212U and its concomitant amino acid substitution Pro71Leu (i.e., C212U/Pro71Leu) is a hallmark mutation of B.1.351 variants, while C26U/Thr9Ile is characteristic of all Omicron variants. Later Omicron subvariants, such as XBB.1.5 and EG.5, additionally acquired the A31G/Thr11Ala mutation, as was confirmed by whole genome sequencing of SARS‐CoV‐2 in 118 pediatric cases. Wild‐type E protein exhibits cytotoxicity to cells, but the mutations Thr9Ile, Thr11Ala, Thr9Ile + Thr11Ala, or Pro71Leu reduces its cytotoxicity. The Thr9Ile + Thr11Ala mutation stabilizes the E proteins of Omicron variants, while Pro71Leu alters the cellular distribution of the E protein, reducing its colocalization with the Golgi body. Altogether, this study not only sheds light on the conservation and diversity of the E gene in SARS‐CoV‐2 and its VOCs but also informs the improvement and development of SARS‐CoV‐2 or pan‐HCoVs screening and diagnostic assays.