bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chirurgische Versorgung distaler Kombinationsfrakturen von Radius und
Ulna bei Toy-Rassen mit Fixateur externe Typ 2 und intramedullärem Pin – eine
retrospektive Studie
Authors: Gellermann Lennart , Grußendorf Carsten 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war,
die Versorgung von kombinierten Radius- und Ulnafrakturen bei Toy-Rassen
mittels Fixateur externe sowie intramedullärem Pin zu beschreiben und die
Vorteile bzw. Nachteile dieser Osteosynthese darzustellen.Diese retrospektive Studie umfasste
ausschließlich Hunde verschiedener Toy-Rassen, die in den Jahren 2012 bis
2023 im Tiergesundheitszentrum Grußendorf mit einer distalen diaphysären
Kombinationsfraktur von Radius und Ulna vorstellig wurden. Bei allen Tieren
wurde die Fraktur mittels offener Reposition sowie intramedullärem radialen
Pin versorgt und im Anschluss mit einem Fixateur externe Typ 2 fixiert. Die
Nachsorge umfasste einen stationären Aufenthalt sowie Wundkontrollen 10 Tage
und Röntgenkontrollen 6 Wochen nach der Operation. Nach Implantatentfernung
folgte eine 2-wöchige Verbandstherapie. Gelistete Komplikationen wurden in
geringfügige sowie schwerwiegende Komplikationen unterschieden. Dabei waren
schwerwiegende Komplikationen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zusätzliche
Behandlung, medikamentös oder chirurgisch, notwendig war.Insgesamt erfüllten 54 Patienten die Kriterien
der Studie. Im Durchschnitt wurden die Patienten postoperativ 3 Tage
stationär betreut und der Fixateur externe nach 9,2 Wochen entfernt.
Komplikationen traten bei 17 Patienten auf (31,5%). Es waren 14 geringfügige
und 3 schwerwiegende Komplikationen vertreten. In allen Fällen führte die
beschriebene Frakturversorgung zur vollständigen Genesung (Restitutio ad
integrum).Die Kombination
eines Fixateur externe Typ 2 und der intramedullären Bolzung des Radius zur
Versorgung von distalen Kombinationsfrakturen von Radius und Ulna bei Toy-
und Miniaturhunderassen hat sich im vorgestellten Patientengut als
zuverlässig bewiesen und kann mit wenig Materialaufwand durchgeführt
werden.
Monocyte/Macrophage Infiltration in Thrombus and Outcomes of Stroke Patients with Monocyte/Macrophage-dominant Thrombus
Authors: Lee Kijeong , Cha Myoung-Jin , Kwon Il , Kim Sungeun , Song Jin Ju , Kim Young Dae , Nam Hyo Suk , Koo Jaseong , Lee Hye Sun , Joo Haram , Choi Hyunjung , Heo Ji Hoe 
Published: February 2025

Background Inflammatory cells may play a role in thrombus formation. However, the impact of monocytes in thrombosis and clinical characteristics of patients with monocyte-rich thrombus are less well understood.
Methods A FeCl3-induced carotid thrombosis model in mice was used to study aged thrombus by ligating the distal carotid artery for 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 24, 48, or 72 hours. In stroke patients, we used thrombi that were obtained during endovascular thrombectomy. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine thrombus composition. We investigated monocyte/macrophage recruitment to arterial thrombus over time in mice, and compared clinical outcomes between stroke patients with the higher and the lower monocyte/macrophage compositions in thrombus.
Results In 90 mice, CD68 (monocyte/macrophage) counts increased from 3 hours in a time-dependent manner, and decreased after 48 hours (p < 0.001). In 102 stroke patients, the higher monocyte/macrophage group had higher blood platelet counts (median 228 × 109/L, interquartile range [177–267] versus median 186 × 109/L, interquartile range [164–225], p = 0.036), less frequently parenchymal hematoma (8.0% versus 28.8%, p = 0.007), and more frequently functional independence (54.0% versus 32.7%, p = 0.030). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the higher monocyte/macrophage group was independently associated with functional independence (odds ratio 4.954, 95% confidence interval 1.467–16.724, p = 0.010).
Conclusion Monocytes/macrophages increasingly infiltrated the thrombus after a few hours in mouse arterial thrombosis model, suggesting their role in later stages rather than initial stages of thrombosis. Stroke patients with higher monocyte/macrophage counts had less frequent parenchymal hematoma and more frequent functional independence, suggesting that monocyte/macrophage-rich thrombi are a predictor of better clinical outcomes.
Tiermedizinische Versorgung von Minischweinen – eine Herausforderung
für die Kleintierpraxis
Authors: Löwenstein Frederik 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungMiniaturschweine, kurz Minischweine, wurden ursprünglich zu Versuchszwecken
gezüchtet. Seit den 1990er Jahren werden sie als Heimtiere in privaten
Haushalten gehalten. Haltungen in Wohnungen, Stallgebäuden mit Ausläufen und im
Freiland kommen gleichermaßen vor. Fehler in der Fütterung und unzureichendes
Wissen der Tierhalter über ihre Tiere führen häufig zu haltungsbedingten
Erkrankungen. Im Falle von Krankheiten oder für notwendige Pflegemaßnahmen
werden meist Kleintierpraxen aufgesucht. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit
werden die Themen Zuchtlinien, Haltung, Fütterung, rechtliche Grundlagen,
klinische Untersuchung, die wichtigsten Krankheiten sowie deren Behandlung
vorgestellt.
Immuntherapie-Resistenzen auf der Spur
Authors: Kretzschmar Alexander 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungStrategien gegen Resistenzen bei zielgerichteten und Immuntherapien wurden auf dem ENA 24-Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics Ende Oktober in Barcelona intensiv diskutiert. Viele Kandidaten sind noch in einem frühen Entwicklungsstadium. Aber die große Zahl lässt auf neue therapeutische Optionen für die Praxis hoffen.
Update bei den indolenten B-Zell-Lymphomen
Authors: Kretzschmar Alexander 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungVom 07.–10. Dezember 2024 fand die 66. Jahrestagung der American Society of Hematology (ASH) in San Diego statt. Aus dem überwältigenden Angebot der Vorträge und Poster wurden einige Highlights von Expert*innen auf einem virtuellen Online-Symposium vorgestellt.
Obecabtagene autoleucel mit vorteilhafter Nutzen-Risiko-Relation
Authors: Kretzschmar Alexander 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungMit dem autologen antiCD19 CAR-T-Zell-Antikörper Obecabtagene autoleucel (obe-cel) kann bei einem hohen Anteil von Erwachsenen mit rezidivierter/refraktärer akuter prä-B-Zell-lymphoblastischer Leukämie (prä-B-Zell-ALL) eine dauerhafte Response mit kompletter Remission (CR) oder CR mit inkompletter hämatologischer Recovery erreicht werden. Die Inzidenz toxischer therapieassoziierter Immuneffekte war gering.
Blasenerhaltende multimodale Therapiekonzepte
Authors: Ott Oliver J. 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungIn deutschen und internationalen Leitlinien wird die organerhaltende Behandlung des muskelinvasiven Harnblasenkarzinoms für geeignete Patient*innen als onkologisch gleichwertige therapeutische Alternative zur radikalen Zystektomie deklariert. Aktuelle, hochrangig publizierte Daten beschreiben für die multimodale Therapie im Vergleich zur Operation einen Vorteil im Gesamtüberleben.
Klinik und Prognose glattmuskulärer Tumoren unsicheren malignen Potenzials
Authors: Lorenz Judith 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungBei etwa 0,01 % der Hysterektomien und Myomenukleationen zeigt sich bei der histopathologischen Gewebeanalyse ein glattmuskulärer Tumor unsicheren malignen Potenzials (engl. Smooth muscle Tumour of Uncertain Malignant Potential, STUMP) oder ein atypisches Leiomyom (ALM). Ein Forscherteam aus Indien untersuchte die Prognose dieser Tumoren und konzentrierte sich dabei insbesondere auf fertilitätserhaltend operierte Patientinnen.
Pertuzumab-Biosimilar beim HER2-positiven metastasierten Mammakarzinom
Authors: Lorenz Judith 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDer humanisierte monoklonale Antikörper Pertuzumab stellt in Kombination mit Trastuzumab eine Standardtherapie des HER2-positiven metastasierten Mammakarzinoms dar. Mit ZRC-3277 steht nun ein kostengünstigeres Biosimilar des Originalwirkstoffs (Perjeta) zur Verfügung. Eine randomisierte doppelanonymisierte Phase-III-Studie, an der sich 38 Zentren in Indien beteiligten, verglich beide Präparate im Hinblick auf Wirksamkeit, Sicherheit und Pharmakokinetik.
Neoadjuvante Chemotherapie bei Borderline-Pankreaskarzinomen
Authors: Manekeller Steffen 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende multizentrische, prospektive Beobachtungsstudie untersuchte die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit einer neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie bei Patienten mit grenzwertig resektablem Pankreaskarzinom und bei Patienten mit resektablem Pankreaskarzinom, das Kontakt mit großen Gefäßen hat, im Vergleich mit einer historischen Kontrolle.
Homolytic Photocleavage of the B–N Bond in N-Heterocyclic Carbene Borane Scaffolds: Towards Efficient Type I Photoinitiators
Authors: Lalevée Jacques , Lacôte Emmanuel , Telitel Sofia , Blanchard Nicolas , Graff Bernadette 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA new family of Type I photoinitiators based on N-heterocyclic carbene borane is introduced. The compounds are synthesized using a previously unknown homolytic B–N cleavage reaction. Three original NHC-amino borane compounds were designed and synthesized, and their UV absorption properties were assessed. All exhibit high molar extinction coefficients and frontier orbitals on the N-atom-bearing group. Their photolysis is rapid. ESR experiments clearly support the B–N homolytic bond cleavage to both NHC-BH2
• and a delocalized radical centered mostly on sulfur. Outstanding polymerization profiles of a benchmark trifunctional acrylate monomer are noted in laminate, where the final acrylate conversions reached 70% with filtered light (λ > 300 nm).
Histopathological Spectrum of Metaplastic Carcinoma of the Breast: A Rare Case Series and a Review of Literature
Authors: Dasgupta Senjuti , Jain Parul , Bhattacharyya Nirmal Kumar , Basu Avik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Introduction Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is one of the rare varieties of breast cancers (BCs) accounting for 0.2 to 2% of diagnosed cases. The tumor is known for its aggressive behavior with a large size at the time of diagnosis and rapid propagation.
Objectives The study aimed to evaluate all cases of MBC diagnosed over 4 years at a tertiary care institute and classify them according to the WHO classification of breast tumor (5th edition).
Materials and Methods All cases of MBC diagnosed in the last 4 years were reviewed retrospectively. Slides were prepared for both histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Relevant data were recorded.
Results All seven patients included in the study were females with aged between 39 and 61 years. The mean size of the tumor mass was 7.14 ± 1.41 cm. None of the cases showed nodal involvement. The most common histological subtype was squamous cell carcinoma (3, 42.8%), two cases were MBC with heterologous differentiation (28.5%), and one case each of adenosquamous carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma (14.2%) was diagnosed. All the cases were p63 positive and ER, PR, HER2/neu, CD34, and CD10 negative. Additional immunohistochemical markers were used to rule out the relevant differentials, whenever required.
Conclusion This study aims to provide an account of the cases of MBC encountered in the last 4 years in the institute. This would be helpful in future diagnosis and treatment of this rare and prognostically poor subtype of BC.
Sentiment preservation in Quran translation with artificial intelligence approach: study in reputable English translation of the Quran
Authors: Gaanoun Kamel , Alsuhaibani Mohammed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper addresses the challenge of preserving sentiment when translating sacred texts, with a specific focus on the Quran. The proposed approach combines advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, particularly deep learning-based Transformer Language Models (TLMs), with a novel human validation approach. We present a comprehensive study involving a newly created parallel dataset encompassing the Arabic Quran and seven English translations, analyzing the preservation of sentiment. Our findings reveal compelling insights, with neutral sentiment ranging from 59% to 74% in English translations compared to 66% in the original Arabic Quran. Negative sentiment in some translations reached 25%, while others ranged from 14% to 17%, closely paralleling the 24% in the Arabic version. Additionally, the agreement analysis among English translations indicates varying degrees of alignment, reaching a Good level (κ = 0.62) or a Moderate level (κ from 0.47 to 0.6). However, compared to the original Arabic Quran, none of the translations achieved high levels of agreement, with only four translations reaching a Fair score (approximately 0.21). These findings underscore the complexities of translating the Quran, particularly its classical Arabic, and emphasize the need for improved sentiment analysis models, potentially incorporating mixed sentiment categories to capture sentiment more effectively.
Transient Raman observation and bond properties of a mixed dihalide radical anion in water
Authors: Janik Ireneusz , Bhattacharya Susmita , Tripathi G. N. R. 
Published: February 2025

An elusive short-lived mixed dihalide radical anion (BrCl·−), produced in water by radiation-induced reactions, has been observed and analyzed by time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy (TRRR) and density functional theory. The Raman spectrum of the radical consists of a prominently enhanced stretching vibration, represented by a band at 212 cm−1 and its overtones. Calculations by range-separated hybrid density functionals (ωB97x and LC-ωPBE) reproduce the experimental vibrational frequency well, with a corresponding bond length of 2.713 (±0.028) Å. A first order anharmonicity of ∼1.42 cm−1 determined for the Br–Cl stretching mode in the radical suggests a convergence of vibrational states at an energy of ∼1.01 eV, using the Birge–Sponer extrapolation. This value, estimated for the radical confined in the solvent cage, compares fairly well with the calculated gas-phase energy, 1.06 eV, required for the radical to dissociate into Br· and Cl− fragments. The Raman detection of a closely related radical, ICl·−, in water was unsuccessful. The reaction pathways and equilibria have been analyzed to discuss the observability of mixed dihalide and analogous radical species.
Constructing N, B co-doped carbon nanosheets with pyridine N–B sites for boosting sodium-ion storage
Authors: Zhang Tiantian , Tian Tian , Kuai Shengxu , Yang Lu , Liu Lei , Yang Juan , Sun Dongfei 
Published: February 2025

Carbonaceous materials have demonstrated extensive potential as anodes for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). Nevertheless, large-scale commercial use is severely hampered by the slow reaction kinetics and rapid capacity fading. Heteroatom doping can create abundant active sites to improve the ion adsorption properties of carbon materials. Here, we report a novel nitrogen/boron co-doped carbon nanosheet (NB-CN) with abundant N–B bonds for efficient Na+ storage. B-doped MIL-68 as a carbon precursor can not only achieve uniform B doping but also serve as the nitrogen doping site to form N–B bonds. N, B co-doping could promote ion adsorption with improved hydrophilicity, while the 2D porous structure can accelerate the Na+ transfer kinetics. Benefitting from the synergistic effect of dual-doping and hierarchical porosity, NB-CN shows improved Na+ storage performance, NB-CN displays a high capacity of 307.1 mA h g−1 in SIBs at 0.1 A g−1, and still has a reversible capacity of 157 mA h g−1 for SIBs at 4 A g−1 after 8000 cycles. Moreover, the assembled NB-CNs//Na3V2(PO4)3/C full cell also exhibits the potential application prospect. This work provides an insight for designing dual-doped carbon materials for high-performance SIBs.
Corpus-driven study of interpreters’ use of Cantonese utterance particles in sentence-initial position in bilingual courtroom discourse
Authors: Wong Cecilia Lok Yee 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This corpus-driven study examines how court interpreters utilize Cantonese utterance particles (UPs) in sentence-initial positions within the bilingual discourse of Hong Kong’s courtrooms. By analyzing 57,145 utterances from five sexual assault trials, we find that interpreters systematically employ UPs to manage interactions in court. Notably, the particles 咁 (gam) and 嗱 (na) account for 84% of sentence-initial occurrences, highlighting their significance in this context. Statistical analysis reveals significant differences in UP usage patterns across different cases (p < .001, η
2 = .878), suggesting the presence of intentional pragmatic strategies. The findings indicate that interpreters use UPs not only to regulate turn-taking but also to assert authority and adjust pragmatic force during witness examinations. This research enhances our understanding of the role of language in legal settings and emphasizes the importance of UPs in facilitating effective communication in bilingual courtroom environments.
Designing and validating a virtual reality prototype for photoelectric effect experiments
Authors: Bancong Hartono , Nanda Abd Rakhim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The photoelectric effect, which reveals the emission of electrons from material when exposed to light, is a foundational experiment in quantum physics that elucidates the interaction between light and matter. However, the lack of laboratory equipment and the difficulty of the experiment frequently prevent its conduct in educational settings. To address these challenges, this study developed and validated a virtual reality (VR) prototype designed to simulate the photoelectric effect experiment. The VR tool enables students to manipulate key variables such as light frequency and intensity, observe electron emission, and investigate the responses of various metals in real-time. The study adopted a research and development methodology, which involved iterative design, development, and validation by a panel of experts. The prototype was assessed on criteria including accuracy, educational value, and usability. The results indicate that the VR prototype accurately simulates the photoelectric effect. Validation data confirmed the educational effectiveness of the tool, which received high ratings for engagement and visual quality. While VR offers a flexible, scalable, and safe environment for exploring complex quantum phenomena, it is positioned as a complementary tool to enhance, rather than replace, traditional laboratory experiences. This approach is particularly valuable for institutions and high schools where expensive equipment may not be available. Future work will focus on expanding the scope of the VR tool to cover additional quantum experiments and improving user comfort to ensure broader accessibility for diverse educational settings.
Quantum backflow for two identical particles
Authors: Barbier Maximilien , Goussev Arseni 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Quantum mechanics introduces the possibility for particles to move in a direction opposite to their momentum -- a counter-intuitive and classically impossible phenomenon known as quantum backflow. The magnitude of this effect is relatively small, making its experimental observation, which has yet to be achieved, particularly challenging. Here, we investigate the influence of quantum statistics on the maximal backflow attainable for two identical particles confined to a ring. Notably, we demonstrate that the fermionic statistics significantly impedes quantum backflow compared to the bosonic statistics. Our findings suggest that any future experimental realization of quantum backflow should prioritize systems involving bosons rather than fermions.
Interaction of longitudinal and transverse wave modes with quantum plasma
Authors: Rozina Ch , Afzal Asma , Poedts Stefaan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We examine the degenerate gravity waves in the presence of damped longitudinal waves. Specifically, under the assumption of linear longitudinal wave propagation in degenerate self-gravitating electron-ion plasmas, damp-wave is shown to reduce the Jeans instability (JI) as a function of degeneracy corrections, provided Jeans frequency is either equal to or less than the quantum ion-acoustic frequency. The Jeans threshold wavelength is an inverse function of quantum parameters. Whereas, if the Jeans frequency exceeds the ion-acoustic frequency at some specific gravitational scale length, the growth rate of gravitational waves is a function of both ion density concentration and quantum corrections via damp-longitudinal wave. The associated Jeans wavelengths and Jeans critical mass are defined. Next, the nonlinear interaction of short-scale transverse electromagnetic (EM) waves of two different harmonics with isotropic plasma under study are investigated to account for quantum nonlinear Landau damping (QNLD) of EM waves. We calculate the response of Fermi electrons to the nonlinear interaction of beat waves while considering a specific quantum regime where the group velocity of beat waves is comparable to the electron Fermi velocity. The Fermi electron population is then modelled by deriving a new type of nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation involving the nonlocal nonlinear term, which accounts for the QNLD, and the damping rate is calculated. Signatures of degeneracy effects on nonlinear decrement of EM beat waves are found more prominent at smaller values of Fermi electron density concentrations. Thereby, more energy can be available from the pump EM waves to the Fermi electrons, which may be used to accelerate them. Finally, we investigate the analytical results within astrophysical settings using numerical techniques.&#xD;
Model-free prediction of chaotic dynamics with parameter-aware reservoir computing
Authors: Guo Jianmin , Du Yao , Luo Haibo , Wang Xuan , Yu Yizhen , Wang Xingang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Model-free, data-driven prediction of chaotic motions is a long-standing challenge in nonlinear science. Stimulated by the recent progress in machine learning, considerable attention has been given to the inference of chaos by the technique of reservoir computing (RC). In particular, by incorporating a parameter-control channel into the standard RC, it is demonstrated that the machine is able to not only replicate the dynamics of the training states, but also infer new dynamics not included in the training set. The new machine-learning scheme, termed parameter-aware RC, opens up new avenues for data-based analysis of chaotic systems, and holds promise for predicting and controlling many real-world complex systems. Here, using typical chaotic systems as examples, we give a comprehensive introduction to this powerful machine-learning technique, including the algorithm, the implementation, the performance, and the open questions calling for further studies.