bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local conjugation of auxin by the GH3 amido synthetases is required for normal development of roots and flowers in Arabidopsis
Authors: Guo Ruipan , Hu Yun , Aoi Yuki , Hira Hayao , Ge Chennan , Dai Xinhua , Kasahara Hiro , Zhao Yunde 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) amido synthetases conjugate amino acids to a carboxyl group of small molecules including hormones auxin, jasmonate, and salicylic acid. The Arabidopsis genome harbors 19 GH3 genes, whose exact roles in plant development have been difficult to define because of genetic redundancy among the GH3 genes. Here we use CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology to delete the Arabidopsis group II GH3 genes, which are able to conjugate indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to amino acids. We show that plants lacking the eight group II GH3 genes (gh3 octuple mutants) accumulate free IAA and fail to produce IAA-Asp and IAA-Glu conjugates. Consequently, gh3 octuple mutants have extremely short roots, long and dense root hairs, and long hypocotyls and petioles. Our characterization of gh3 septuple mutants, which provide sensitized backgrounds, reveals that GH3.17 and GH3.9 play prominent roles in root elongation and seed production, respectively. We show that GH3 functions correlate with their expression patterns, suggesting that local deactivation of auxin also contributes to maintaining auxin homeostasis and is important for plant development. Moreover, this work provides a method for elucidating functions of individual members of a gene family, whose members have overlapping functions.
Links, fit or sacrifice: job embeddedness and intention to quit among Generation Y
Authors: Fuchs Rosa María 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe study aims to determine how the relationship among links, fit and sacrifice (dimensions of job embeddedness) influence employees' intention to quit in the case of professionals belonging to Generation Y.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative correlational study was conducted with a cross-sectional dimension of time. The survey technique was applied through a certified online panel. The sample consisted of 211 members of Generation Y.FindingsIt has been verified that the only significant dimension for Generation Y is sacrifice.Research limitations/implicationsIt is necessary to extend the study of the dimensions of job embeddedness and their influence on employees' intention to quit in different demographic groups. It would be advisable to conduct longitudinal studies to observe the dynamics of job embeddedness throughout the years.Practical implicationsOrganizations concerned with retaining the talent of young professionals can focus on the development of policies and benefits that encourage sacrifice.Social implicationsThe finding that the sacrifice dimension is the one that would reduce the intention to leave for Generation Y will help to ensure that organizations retain the workforce that they value.Originality/valueThe study is important to gain a better understanding of Generation Y behavior. In addition, in response to the demand from the literature, the sample considered only Generation Y with work experience.
Motivational determinants of digital ticketing: the mediating effect of service satisfaction and the moderating effect of psychological discomfort
Authors: Kim Sanghoon , Yu Ho Yeol , Lee Hyun-Woo 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe purpose of the study was (1) to examine the motivational composites determining consumers' continued intention to use digital ticketing via self-service technology (SST) by integrating service satisfaction and (2) to ascertain the differences between consumers according to their psychological discomfort toward technology.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a structured questionnaire, and a total of 323 were included in the analysis. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to test motivational determinants of digital ticketing. In addition, permutation-based multi-group analysis was performed to investigate the differences between consumers with high and low technology discomfort.FindingsBoth intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are positive predictors of continued intention to use digital ticketing, but only intrinsic motivation has a positive impact on continued intention through service satisfaction. Moreover, the relationship between intrinsic motivation, service satisfaction and continued intention was stronger for consumers with high psychological discomfort than those with low psychological discomfort.Originality/valueGiven the conspicuous characteristics of the digital ticketing process for sporting events, the insights gained from the study may be of assistance to researchers and practitioners in understanding sport consumers' ticket consumption behavior and the determinants of SST usage.
International STEM pre-service teachers’ intercultural competence
Authors: Galamba Arthur 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe author is interested in how international (migrant) pre-service teachers use their educational background knowledge and worldviews to make sense of the educational system, the pedagogy and of power relations between staff members in the hosting country. The author seeks to unveil their understanding of successful intellectual integration and their strategies to navigate social, conceptual and pedagogical obstacles.Design/methodology/approachThe author draws on the concept of “intercultural competence” to analyse how international STEM pre-service teachers respond to the challenges and opportunities of integration in the English system. A total of 18 participants were interviewed in focus groups in London to find out about their perceptions of the course and attitudes during their training journey. Five hours of audio recording were transcribed and a thematic analysis was carried out.FindingsInternational STEM pre-service teachers experience challenges to intellectual integration, including understanding the new school culture, school structure, teaching methodologies and the use of specialist terminologies. However, they show little concern about networking and relations of power.Practical implicationsMentors and tutors should not assume school systems are the same everywhere. Support from university tutors and school mentors must take into consideration that international students will very likely hold ethnocentric views. Mentors, tutors and pre-service teachers would benefit very much from bespoke support to help international students to integrate in a new educational system.Originality/valueVery little has been reported on the experience of international STEM pre-service teachers in England, particularly those with no previous teaching experience. The objective of this study is to address this gap and contribute to the internationalisation of teacher training curricula.
Relationships between policy, teachers' values and professional capital in teacher collaboration in hierarchical Chinese societies
Authors: Lee Daphnee Hui Lin 
Published: October 2021

PurposeBoth Hong Kong and Singapore leverage teacher collaboration to improve student learning, but state reforms differ in how teacher collaborative capabilities are prioritized. This paper provides a nuanced comparison of Hong Kong and Singapore teachers' values (risk-taking, power distance and uncertainty avoidance) to develop insights into how different policy focuses cultivate teachers' capabilities to focus on improving student learning.Design/methodology/approachEmploying Hargreaves and Fullan's (2012) concept of professional capital, statistical analyses determine teachers' values profiles of high, medium and low professional capital in the respective contexts. Leveraging related research on Singapore teachers (Lee and Lee, 2018), nuances in teachers' values in the Hong Kong results are identified via cluster analysis and explained via structural equation modelling.FindingsMedium professional capital Hong Kong teachers' values matched Singapore's, but teachers in other clusters are nuanced. Compared to Singapore teachers with similar levels of professional capital, high professional capital Hong Kong teachers have higher uncertainty avoidance, while low professional capital teachers are the opposite. In Hong Kong, high uncertainty avoidance values positively influence teacher leadership and focus on student learning. Nevertheless, as with their Singapore counterparts, high professional capital Hong Kong teachers have low power distance and high risk-taking values.Originality/valueThis paper raises awareness regarding policy's influence in cultivating teachers' values and their transformational change capabilities. By comparing two hierarchical Chinese societies, the discussion questions whether Chinese and Western cultural influences are mutually exclusive, and whether transformational change in cultural values, if achievable, is necessary.
Port's technologies for autonomous ships in restricted waters
Authors: Sinohara Helio Takahiro , Tannuri Eduardo Aoun 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis work analyses autonomous ships' specific needs of external and environmental information in restricted pilotage waters. Harbour pilots use conventional well-tested techniques when piloting the manned vessel. In this work, the authors propose technological solutions to be installed or adapted in ports to feed the autonomous ships' systems with the information considered relevant by pilots.Design/methodology/approachTo investigate what pilots consider relevant, the authors submitted a questionnaire to the pilotage of Paranaguá Port. Then the authors presented a case study including the critical areas for the navigation of ships.FindingsThese technological solutions aim to allow vessels reaching critical areas in a position, a time, a speed and a course that compensates the external forces and/or avoid high-risk situations. The authors have proposed technological solutions considering those already available in the ports, particularly in Paranaguá and Antonina in Brazil.Originality/valueThere is little published data on navigation of ships in pilotage waters. So far, there has been little discussion on autonomous ships in restricted waters.
Exploring enablers of modularity in healthcare service delivery
Authors: Prakash Gyan 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis paper explores the enablers of modular healthcare services.Design/methodology/approachA survey-based approach was adopted with specialised hospitals as the unit of analysis. A structural model was developed based on a literature review and assessed using a cross-sectional research design. A 23-indicator questionnaire was circulated among service providers in the healthcare system across India, and 286 valid responses were received. The data were analysed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe results reveal that professional competence, technological versatility, clear division of tasks, channelised flow of information and professional autonomy act as enablers that may drive modular service delivery.Research limitations/implicationsBy examining service providers' perspectives, this paper highlights the influence of the identified enablers on modular service delivery in healthcare organisations.Practical implicationsFor practitioners, the study provides suggestions for designing patient-centric healthcare services via modular healthcare delivery. The identified structural relationships can facilitate immediate corrective actions and the formulation of future policies. The findings will help practitioners foresee opportunities for patient participation in value co-creation, meet patients' varying needs, decompose service offerings, mix and match components develop sets of rules as interfaces between service modules and design service packages on an ongoing basis.Social implicationsThis study underscores the emergence of patient-centric care and may aid the design of processes that deliver health to the patient as a person.Originality/valueThis paper identifies and empirically validates relationships between healthcare service delivery processes and modular service delivery.
Nongenetic inheritance of behavioural variability is context specific and sex specific
Authors: Moschilla Joe A. , Tomkins Joseph L. , Simmons Leigh W. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEnvironmentally mediated nongenetic inheritance extends the concept of phenotypic plasticity across generations, allowing for the experience of parents to influence the physiology, life history and behaviour of their offspring.We assess whether the perceived social environment of mothers and fathers impacts offspring behaviour in the Australian field cricketTeleogryllus oceanicus.We varied parents' perception of the density of conspecific males by exposing parents to either the presence or absence of male song throughout rearing. Following mating in a factorial design, the offspring of the parental pairs were also reared across the two acoustic environments and their behaviour assessed as adults.When reared in a no‐song environment, offspring of both sexes were more active, emerging from a shelter sooner and displaying greater mobility in search of male song.Offspring behaviour was not directly impacted by either the maternal or paternal social environments independently, but there was a significant interaction effect between the parental environments on the behaviour of daughters. When both parents were reared in song (‘paternal song × maternal song’), their no‐song‐reared daughters exhibited lower levels of mobility than the no‐song‐reared daughters of ‘paternal song × maternal no‐song’ and ‘paternal no‐song × maternal song’ pairs.Although our data suggest that nongenetic parental effects may have the potential to drive behavioural variability in offspring, such effects are highly complex, only arising as sex‐ and context‐specific traits.A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Are Litigants, Trials and Precedents Vanishing After All?
Authors: Mulcahy Linda , Teeder Wendy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn recent years scholars have become increasingly concerned with the ‘vanishing trial’, and its impact on common law civil justice systems that rely on precedent. This article updates previous accounts of the vanishing trial in England and Wales, showing that the rapid decline which prompted earlier debate has levelled off. Against this backdrop the article goes on to discuss the production of precedent and, drawing on an analysis of seventy years of government data on civil litigation cases, contests the assumption that vanishing trials lead to a decline in precedent. It shows that, despite contra‐predictions, the number of appellate court judgments has increased while cases coming into the system and proceeding to trial have decreased. Further, it considers what House of Lords and Supreme Court data reveal about demand for precedent and the sort of cases that are taking up a greater proportion of Supreme Court time in the twenty‐first century.
Comparison of thermal variations in post‐retrieval graft conditioning on rat livers
Authors: von Horn Charlotte , Zlatev Hristo , Pletz Jessica , Lüer Bastian , Minor Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundMachine perfusion was found an effective tool to recover organ grafts from ischemic insults during preservation. It could be observed that organ integrity is significantly affected by abrupt temperature shifts during hypothermic storage and implantation periods. Studies showed that a gentle and controlled rise of the temperature during oxygenated machine perfusion prior to implantation can protect the tissue from reperfusion injury. Now, the possible role of temperature kinetics upon retrieval of the graft and prior to later cold storage should be investigated.MethodsRat livers were retrieved after cardiac arrest and subjected to a brief ex situ machine perfusion with either hypothermic resuscitation (HR) at 8°C, near‐normothermic resuscitation (NR) at 30°C or progressive resuscitation with lowering the temperature in a controlled fashion from 30°C to 8°C (PR). After cold storage (CS), liver functional parameters were evaluated by an established ex vivo reperfusion system.ResultsNR and PR resulted in significantly lower release of hepatic enzymes and less production of tumor necrosis factor upon reperfusion compared to CS while HR had a far less protective effect. An increase in bile production was only observed in the PR group, which also significantly increased the recovery of tissue adenosine triphosphate, the amount of which was, however, nearly paralleled by the NR protocol.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this model, it seems that normothermic recirculation appears to be a superior approach for the restitution of warm‐ischemically injured liver grafts than immediate hypothermic machine perfusion.
Primary therapy and relative survival in patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: a population‐based study in the Netherlands, 1989–2018
Authors: Amaador Karima , Kersten Marie José , Visser Otto , Brink Mirian , Posthuma Eduardus F. M. , Minnema Monique C. , Vos Josephine M. I. , Dinmohamed Avinash G. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryIt is unclear how treatment advances impacted the population‐level survival of patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (LPL/WM). Therefore, we assessed trends in first‐line therapy and relative survival (RS) among patients with LPL/WM diagnosed in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2018 (N = 6232; median age, 70 years; 61% males) using data from the nationwide Netherlands Cancer Registry. Patients were grouped into three age groups (<65, 66–75 and >75 years) and four calendar periods. Overall, treatment with anti‐neoplastic agents within 1 year post‐diagnosis gradually decreased over time, following a broader application of an initial watch‐and‐wait approach. Approximately 40% of patients received anti‐neoplastic therapy during 2011–2018. Furthermore, use of chemotherapy alone decreased over time, following an increased application of chemoimmunotherapy. Detailed data among 1596 patients diagnosed during 2014–2018 revealed that dexamethasone‐rituximab‐cyclophosphamide was the most frequently applied regimen; its use increased from 14% to 39% between 2014 and 2018. The 5‐year RS increased significantly over time, particularly since the introduction of rituximab in the early–mid 2000s. The 5‐year RS during 1989–1995 was 75%, 65%, and 46% across the age groups compared to 93%, 85%, and 79% during 2011–2018. However, the survival improvement was less pronounced after 2011. Collectively, the impressive survival improvement may be accounted for by broader application of rituximab‐containing therapy. The lack of survival improvement in the post‐rituximab era warrants studies across multiple lines of therapy to further improve survival in LPL/WM.
Utility of mutational analysis for risk stratification of indeterminate thyroid nodules in a real‐world setting
Authors: Torrecillas Vanessa , Sharma Anu , Neuberger Kaden , Abraham Dev 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveAmerican Thyroid Association (ATAn) 2015 guidelines recommend repeat fine‐needle aspiration with molecular marker profiling (MMP) or diagnostic lobectomy in thyroid nodules yielding atypia of unknown significance/follicular lesion of unknown significance (AUS/FLUS) or follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN) cytology. Our objective is to describe the molecular profiles and histological correlates of these cytologically indeterminate nodules (CIN) to aid risk stratification.DesignRetrospective chart review.PatientsAdults with CIN that underwent MMP from 2017 to 2020.MeasurementsPearsons' χ2, Fisher's exact test, nonparametric testing and multiple regression analysis were performed.ResultsA total of 89 CIN underwent mutational analysis. Of 55% (n = 49) were Bethesda class III AUS/FLUS and 45% (n = 40) were Bethesda class IV FN/SFN. The US phenotype of a CIN was isoechoic (53%) or hypoechoic (32%) with well‐defined margins (98%), absence of calcifications (75%) and mildly increased internal vascularity (70%). A total of 84% and 87% of nodules were classified as mild/moderate or low/intermediate risk per the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System and ATA classifications, respectively. Based on the Thyroseq patient management resource, 6.7% (n = 6) of nodules had a high predicted probability of cancer (≥95%), 41.6% (n = 37) were intermediate probability (40%–94%) and 51.7% (n = 46) were low probability (<40%). MMP revealed positive mutations in 45% (n = 40) of nodules, with 71% demonstrating RAS mutations. Of the nodules that underwent resection (n = 38), 39% (n = 15) had malignant pathology. Increasing the threshold to recommend surgical resection to a Thyroseq predicted probability of cancer to ≥50%, had a 100% sensitivity and 65% specificity for detecting malignant nodules (area under the ROC curve: 0.86). The positive predictive value was 37% and the negative predictive value was 100%.ConclusionUS phenotypes of CIN nodules were variable and did not aid in differentiating malignant from benign nodules. Of the CIN nodules with a positive MMP, most were RAS and had a benign pathology. With the exception of high‐risk genetic markers for malignancy, the threshold to recommend surgical resection should be raised for CIN. Further studies to improve risk stratification in these nodules are required.
Phylogenomics of Northeast AsianPungitiussticklebacks
Authors: Wang Yingnan , Wang Yu , Zhao Yahui , Kravchenko Alexandra Yu , Merilä Juha , Guo Baocheng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimUnderstanding the phylogeography of a species complex can provide important insights into its evolutionary history. However, phylogeographic inference often faces the dilemma of regionally inadequate sampling.Pungitiussticklebacks are a case in point: although the highest species diversity is found in Northeast Asia, their phylogeography in this region is still poorly understood.LocationNortheast Asia.MethodsWith the aid of whole‐genome resequencing data, we investigated the phylogeography of Northeast AsianPungitiussticklebacks, with newly sampled 83 worldwidePungitiusindividuals from 11 locations including eight Chinese locations reported to host onlyP. sinensis.ResultsWe discovered that three of the eight Chinese locations hosted populations ofP. kaibarae andP. bussei, species new to the fauna of China. Phylogeographic analyses further clarified the sequence and timing of colonization of Northeast Asia by differentPungitiusspecies, shedding new light on their origins and current distribution ranges. Colonization of inland Northeast Asia byPungitiussticklebacks occurred in multiple waves, and the widespreadP. sinensisexpanded its range relatively late in the Pleistocene.Main conclusionsThis study complements our understanding of the phylogeography ofPungitiussticklebacks by extending sampling to cover an area that comprises nearly half of the known distribution area of this genus in Northeast Asia. The discovery of threePungitusspecies from China is of particular interest, as translocations to support locally declining populations have occurred under the assumption that all sticklebacks in China—except the endangeredP. stenurus—areP. sinensis, raising conservation concerns associated with unintentional translocations and possible admixture.