bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transforming a time-domain electromagnetic signal to a frequency-domain electromagnetic response using Gauss elimination method
Authors: Yang Cong , Mao Xinxin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Time-domain electromagnetic method (TEM) is an electromagnetic prospecting method that has developed rapidly and widely used in recently years. The inversion of this method uses frequency domain electromagnetic method, so the key is how to transform electromagnetic signals from time domain to frequency domain. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes an inversion algorithm for transforming a time-domain electromagnetic signal to a frequency-domain electromagnetic response. Assuming that the time domain electromagnetic signal is transformed by cosine or sine and fitted by polynomial under the condition of turn-off current, the linear equations composed of these time signals are solved by Gauss elimination method, and then the frequency domain response can be obtained. When this algorithm is applied to the synthesis of the perpendicular magnetic field of the magnetic dipole, the relative error between the inversion frequency domain response and the theoretical result is less than 1%. Thus, this method can maintain a relatively high accuracy when transform the time domain response to the frequency domain response.
Mechanism of Co-seismic Water-Level response to 2015 Nepal earthquake
Authors: Huang Xudong , Zhang Yu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Two adjacent wells-Mangshi (MS) and Lijiang (LJ), are located in the southeast margin of the Tibet Plateau The 2015 Mw 7.8 Nepal earthquake induced different far field (>1000 km) co-seismic water level responses that range from 0.16 to 0.76m We confirm that the seismic wave influences the water level greatly in a high-frequency band (f > 8 cpd) by coherence analysis Furthermore we use the tidal-response variations (M2 tide) to explain this hydrological response The results show that the co-seismic water level response to the distant earthquake may be explained by aquifer permeability or transmissivity enhancements caused by the passage of seismic waves through the mobilization of the colloidal particles Horizontal groundwater flow can be induced in a confined aquifer system as in the MS well While in the LJ well vertical groundwater flow can be further induced by a switch to semiconfined aquifers which may be caused by preexisting vertical fractures The post-seismic tidal-response relax which also means a healing of the aquifer after great earthquakes.
GB decomposition method based on standard particle swarm algorithm
Authors: Chen Xianjie , Xie Zhuoliang , Nai Guoru 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Groom-Bailey decomposition method is the most widely used method of tensor decomposition of magnetotelluric impedance, which is referred to as GB decomposition. The essence of the GB decomposition method is to solve the nonlinear over-determined equations derived from the GB decomposition definition. Traditional GB decomposition methods often use linear optimization methods to solve the equations, which have low calculation accuracy and slow speed. In this regard, this article introduces the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm into the GB decomposition method for the first time. The standard particle swarm algorithm is used to solve the equations. The global optimization method is used to implement the magnetotelluric GB decomposition method, and the synthesized single-point single-frequency data is used. The 3D / 2D model forward data is used to perform decomposition experiments. The experimental results show that the standard electromagnetic particle decomposition method based on the standard particle swarm algorithm is effective.
Research of combined grey model based on entropy weight for predicting anchor bolt bearing capacity
Authors: Sun Xiaoyun , Xing Hui , Zhang Junyao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A combined prediction model based on entropy weight was proposed to overcome the shortcomings of single grey model for predicting anchor bolt bearing capacity. Firstly, the grey GM (1,1) model and grey Verhulst model are used to predict the bearing capacity of anchor bolt according to the P-S curve obtained from pull test. Secondly, the entropy weight method is utilized to obtain the weight indexes of the two mode. Then two models are combined by the weight index to achieve final bearing capacity prediction. The experimental results show that the combined prediction model based on entropy weight can improve the accuracy of the grey prediction model as the load increasing.
FDTD Numerical Simulation and Detection Capability Analysis of Small Loop Transient Electromagnetic Method in Shallow Water
Authors: Xu Zhengyu , Fu Nengyi , Fu Zhihong , Liu Longhuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The small loop transient electromagnetic method (TEM) in shallow water has strong adaptability and high resolution and is one of the current research hotspots. In this paper, a shallow-water model of a typical low resistance anomaly is established, which can be obtained through numerical simulation analysis. In the early time, the shallow water layer has large response and the low resistivity abnormal body has small response; In the late time, the shallow water layer has small response induction response and the low resistivity anomaly has larger response, and the response curve shows “double peak” attenuation law; The effects of different thicknesses of shallow water layers on the response of low resistivity abnormal bodies show “single peak”, “double peak”, and “peak wave trough” attenuation laws; However, the effect of different resistivity in shallow water layer on the response of the low resistivity abnormal body only shows the attenuation pattern of “single peak” and “peak wave trough”. Finally, the article takes the highway site selection survey as an example, combined with the high density resistivity method comparison analysis, and verifies the reliability and accuracy of the detection results of the small loop TEM in shallow water. The research work provides a theoretical reference for the qualitative analysis of the response characteristics and data processing interpretation of the small loop TEM in shallow waters.
Using MT data to find velocity traps in middle and shallow layers
Authors: Sun Weibin , Li Yong , Feng Yanbin , Hu Zuzhi , Sun Ximing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the complex piedmont oil and gas exploration, due to the large change of lithology in the middle and shallow strata, the vertical and horizontal changes of velocity in the middle and shallow strata are more intense. It is difficult to identify some strata with obvious changes in velocity on the seismic section, which leads to the inaccuracy of velocity model or obvious velocity trap in the seismic prestack depth migration processing. This will further cause the incorrect deep structure and target layer solution. MT method are mainly characterized by deep sounding depth, high sensitivity to high conductivity geological bodies in high resistivity layers. This makes it very effective to study the deep structures of basements and lithology distribution. We here analyze the technical advantages of MT method in tracing in middle and shallow layers by MT modeling geoelectric model of mountainous areas, and demonstrate that MT method can play an important role in oil and gas exploration in complex areas, especially in finding velocity traps for seismic processing by analyzing some cases.
The mechanism of apparent resistivity change before and after the earthquake in Songyuan
Authors: Li Zhuoyang , Han Jiangtao , Liu Lijia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
From 2013 to 2019, there have been frequent moderate-small earthquakes in Songyuan. The conductive structure of rocks had obvious changes before and after the earthquake, and the activity of fluid related to the earthquake was also enhanced significantly. Based on the study of 12 magnetotelluric sounding points which were measured before and after the magnitude 5.1 earthquake in the Songyuan on May 18, 2019, it was found that the apparent resistivity curve had translation before and after the earthquake for some measuring points. It is speculated that the translation may be affected by the following factors: 1) Static effect: The earthquake changed the near-surface electrical structure, which caused non-uniform electrical bodies to appear on the shallow surface. The redistribution of accumulated charges caused the resistivity curve to change. 2) Structural change of underground rocks: The earthquake made the underground stress environment change abruptly, the geometry of the rock pores or fractures in the formation changed, and the movement and filling of the pore fluid caused the resistivity to change; 3) The escape of underground gas: the earthquake enabled the gas stored in the formation to escape. The change of pressure made other pore fluids fill the pore resulting in the variation of resistivity.
Application of Three-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography in Archeological Prospection
Authors: Liu Chenyang , Yin Zhaozhuo , Du Lizhi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As the important part of historical relics, ancient architectural sites contain an amount of cultural information, which are of great significance for the future development of mankind. But improper prospection methods will lead irreversible damage to the existing architectural sites. Therefore, appropriate detection methods have significant meaning in archeological prospection and cultural relic protection. At present, there are many methods to explore ancient architectural sites, among which three-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) methods are gradually popularized, because of its advantages of non-destructive, high efficiency, economic and deep prospection. But there are too many electrode arrays, such as Wenner array, Schlumberger array, dipole-dipole array and pole-pole array. First, this paper briefly introduces the application status of ERT. Then, a simple geoelectric model is constructed, and the inversion results are obtained with different arrays. The comparison of the inversion results for 4 electrode arrays shows that the dipole-dipole array gives the highest resolution. And, a more complex geoelectric model is constructed and compared with the results of the inversion. The results show that conclusions have a good consistency. And, this paper shows that Wenner method and Schlumberger array have high resolution in archeological prospection.
Application of electrical resistivity tomography method in archaeological excavation
Authors: Gong Mingxu , Zeng Zhaofa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Archaeology has always been an important application field of geophysical methods. In this paper, multi-electrode resistivity method is used to detect the sites of Yangshao periods in Xia county, Yuncheng city, Shanxi Province. The inversion principle of multi-electrode resistivity method is introduced, the data are also processed and interpreted in two and three - dimensional inversion. Through this exploration, the resistivity characteristics of the cultural layer of the site and the location and depth of its concentrated distribution are found out, which provides an important basis for further archaeological exploration and excavation.
The special demands on airborne geophysics of engineering projects
Authors: Hodges Greg 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Airborne geophysics can be very useful in many engineering projects, but geophysicists need to learn to understand and address the needs of the engineering problem. Geophysicists have to design surveys and predict results for never-been-done applications with very little prior information or experience. It is essential to educate the engineers on what geophysics can do and what the limits are, show how geophysics should be properly integrated into the project. Finally, geophysicists must provide data and interpretation in formats and measurements most useful to the project, with proper confidence factors provided for the interpreted results.
Spatial variation and threshold analysis of the urban wetland cooling effect-a case study of Changchun city
Authors: Chen Ziqi , Zhang Yanhong , Wang Yongjie , Li Ye 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Due to the complexity of the surrounding environment, the cold and wet effects of urban wetlands and the quantitative descriptions of the cold and wet effects of the wetlands are not clear. Therefore, the focus of current research is gradually shifting towards the impact of the microspatial morphology and quantity differentiation of urban wetlands. This paper adopts the July 4, 2016 Landsat 8 data of cloud cover that is less than 0.2, the 10th band as the data source using single window algorithm surface temperature inversion, and further analysis of urban spatial distribution characteristics of land surface temperature. Secondly, based on the numerical analysis of the difference in surface temperature between urban wetland types, shapes, and independent wetland space sizes, the cold temperature effect and spatial distribution of urban wetlands were discussed. Temperature inversion results show that the lowest temperature is 17.94°C, which appears in the Songhuajiang wetland, and the highest temperature is 32.52°C, which appears in the FAW Industrial Concentration Zone in the main urban area of Changchun City. From the perspective of the spatial difference of the temperature distribution, the areas with high temperatures are generally distributed in the industrial concentration area in the southwest of Changchun, followed by other areas with high temperatures in the western part of Changchun. Low-temperature areas are mainly distributed in areas with relatively high distribution densities of rivers and lakes in the northeast and central parts of Changchun. This shows that the temperature is directly related to the urban building density. The temperature is higher in places with high building density. Wetland water bodies generally belong to low temperature areas and are generally 1-2°C lower than the surrounding environment. For the main urban area, the wetland water body is, on average, 2-4°C lower than the surrounding environment, while in areas with high building density, the wetland water temperature is 6-8°C lower than the surrounding area. And further urban wetlands with micro difference threshold temperature distribution characteristics are as follows: (1) The cold and wet effects of the wetland are related to its shape; and, the cooling and influence range of circular wetlands are larger than that of striped wetlands. (2) The cooling effect of a wetland in a circular wetland typified by a lake wetland is not related to the size of the water area when the area exceeds 92 hm2; and, the cooling range of a strip-shaped wetland has nothing to do with the width of the water surface. However, impact range is related to the width of the water surface, the larger the width of the river surface, the larger the range of influence. (3) The cooling effect of wetlands are related to the surrounding environment. When the surrounding area is hard ground, the cooling rate is large, and when the surrounding area is green land, the cooling rate is small.
Application of pseudo-spectral full waveform inversion in underground pipeline detection
Authors: Wang Tong , Yan Xuhao , Huang Zheng , Wang Zhenyi , Zhang Pan , Zhang Fengjiao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
An accurate description of urban underground pipelines can effectively avoid blind construction and damage to underground pipelines during urban planning, design, construction, and management. Full waveform inversion could reconstruct the underground velocity structures with high resolution and has been widely used in urban engineering geophysical prospecting. The pseudo-spectral method combines the efficiency and accuracy of seismic forward modeling. Using the pseudo-spectral method for full waveform inversion can effectively improve this method’s detection accuracy for urban pipelines. In this paper, we test the pseudo-spectral full waveform inversion method in underground pipeline detection. The synthetic test shows that compared with conventional full wave inversion, the pseudo-spectral method is easier to converge and has higher accuracy. The method has great potential to be used to detect the urban underground pipelines.
The Interpretation of Sequence Variants in Myeloid Neoplasms
Authors: Hanbazazh Mehenaz , Harada Shuko , Reddy Vishnu , Mackinnon Alexander Craig , Harbi Djamel , Morlote Diana 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To provide an overview of the challenges encountered during the interpretation of sequence variants detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in myeloid neoplasms, as well as the limitations of the technology with the goal of preventing the over- or undercalling of alterations that may have a significant effect on patient management.

Methods
Review of the peer-reviewed literature on the interpretation, reporting, and technical challenges of NGS assays for myeloid neoplasms.

Results
NGS has been integrated widely and rapidly into the standard evaluating of myeloid neoplasms. Review of the literature reveals that myeloid sequence variants are challenging to detect and interpret. Large insertions and guanine-cytosine-heavy areas prove technically challenging while frameshift and truncating alterations may be classified as variants of uncertain significance by tertiary analysis informatics pipelines due to their absence in the literature and databases.

Conclusions
The analysis and interpretation of NGS results in myeloid neoplasia are challenging due to the varied number of detectable gene alterations. Familiarity with the genomic landscape of myeloid malignancies and knowledge of the tools available for the interpretation of sequence variants are essential to facilitate translation into clinical and therapy decisions.
Lessons learned from pharmacy learner and educator experiences during early stages of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sasser Caroline Welles , Wolcott Michael D , Morbitzer Kathryn A , Eckel Stephen F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Purpose
To explore pharmacy learner (eg, resident, fellow) and educator (eg, residency program director, preceptor) experiences and lessons learned during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods
In May 2020, attendees of the virtual Research in Education and Practice Symposium (REPS) were invited to participate in two 1-hour networking sessions. During these sessions, participants completed individual and group reflection exercises where they were asked questions about their experiences during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants who volunteered submitted their responses through an electronic survey application. Anonymous responses were coded using thematic analysis to address the research questions.

Results
Sixty-eight and 38 participants, respectively, attended the 2 networking discussions. Participant-identified professional impacts of the COVID-19 crisis included unexpected learning experiences, greater adaptability, workflow and learning interruptions, and decreased productivity. Personal impacts included a greater focus on well-being, physical and social isolation, and changes in travel plans. Participants noted positive and negative emotions including acceptance, encouragement, anxiety, stress, and frustration. The main lessons learned focused on adaptability, gratitude, and empathy. Participants shared that they wished they would have known the anticipated duration of the pandemic, associated workflow changes, and reliance on technology prior to the start of the pandemic. In addition, they predicted that pharmacy practice will require changes to workflow flexibility, training expectations, the pharmacist’s role, and organizational structure.

Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic has positively and negatively impacted the professional and personal lives of pharmacy learners and educators, with the most notable impacts being in the areas of well-being and adaptability. Future research should explore the experiences of other workforce personnel and evaluate the long-term impact on pharmacy practice, patient outcomes, and workforce well-being and resiliency.
Improvements in Submental Contour up to 3 Years After ATX-101: Efficacy and Safety Follow-Up of the Phase 3 REFINE Trials
Authors: Humphrey Shannon , Cohen Joel L , Bhatia Ashish C , Green Lawrence J , Green Jeremy B , Bowen Beta 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
ATX-101 (deoxycholic acid) significantly reduced submental fat (SMF) severity in two 24-week Phase 3 studies (REFINE-1 and REFINE-2).

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the durability of effect and long-term safety of ATX-101.

Methods
REFINE study patients who maintained ≥1-grade improvement on the Clinician-Reported SMF Rating Scale (CR-1 responders) 12 weeks after their last REFINE treatment were eligible for enrollment in this multicenter, double-blind, nontreatment, long-term, follow-up study (NCT02163902). The primary endpoint was CR-1 response at Years 1, 2, and 3. Patient-reported satisfaction, psychological impact, and adverse events were monitored.

Results
In total, 224 patients (ATX-101, n = 113; placebo, n = 111) were enrolled. Maintenance of CR-1 response was significantly better in the ATX-101 group than in the placebo group at Year 1 (86.4% vs 56.8%; P &lt; 0.001), Year 2 (90.6% vs 73.8%; P = 0.014), and Year 3 (82.4% vs 65.0%; P = 0.03). Most (74%) ATX-101‒treated patients satisfied at 12 weeks remained satisfied at Year 3. Significant reductions from baseline in psychological impact scores were sustained through Year 3 (P &lt; 0.001). No new treatment-related adverse events were reported.

Conclusions
Improvements in submental contour achieved with ATX-101 are maintained for 3 years in most patients. No new safety signals emerged.

Level of Evidence: 2
Management of Asymptomatic Patients With Textured Breast Implants: A Survey Analysis of Members of The Aesthetic Society
Authors: Frojo Gianfranco , Nguyen David , Boyd Louisa C , Roider Laura , Qureshi Hassan , Christopher Kara , Xu Kyle , Lund Herluf 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe management of breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) has been well established. However, there is minimal data and significant variability in the management of asymptomatic textured implant (ATI) patients.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to survey members of The Aesthetic Society on management of ATI patients in order to understand trends in practice patterns.MethodsMembers of The Aesthetic Society were queried via an electronic survey regarding management of ATI patients. Anonymous responses were collected by QualtricsXM (SAP, Walldorf, Germany) survey software. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the data, reported as frequencies. All analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 26 (IBM, Armonk, NY).ResultsThe survey was sent to 2149 active and candidate members of The Aesthetic Society with a total of 470 responses (21.87% response rate). For ATI patients presenting with concerns regarding BIA-ALCL risk, 88.8% of respondents educate the patient with clinical follow-up and/or imaging. The other 11.2% of surgeons recommend implant removal with variability in capsulectomy technique. For ATI patients requesting surgery, 42.5% of respondents educate the patient with clinical follow-up and/or imaging. The majority of surgeons (57.6%) recommend removal of the implant, with 30% recommending total capsulectomies.ConclusionsThere is considerable variability in how members of The Aesthetic Society manage ATI patients who request surgery. Future regulatory agency and professional society collaborative efforts should continue to aim for generation of high-level scientific data to aid in the counseling and management of ATI patients.Level of Evidence: 4