bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How companies can learn to operate as co-creational, adaptive, “living” enterprises
Authors: Ramaswamy Venkat , Pieters Maarten K. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
The authors anticipate that in a post-COVID, hyper-connected and interdependent world, all businesses will inevitably have to become co-creational “living” enterprises -- organizations that purposefully learn and adapt through experiential interactions with all stakeholders.

Design/methodology/approach
Maps out how enterprises will need to develop “Platformized Impact Ecosystems of Engagements of Experiences” (PIEEE). These are digital platforms that bring together five key facets of the current fourth industrial revolution -- digital technology platforms, impacts of activities, experience personalization, service ecosystems and flows of engagements

Findings
Industry 4.0 enterprises now manage a software-based value chain that must constantly learn and adapt its offerings to meet the rising expectations of individuals as they navigate through a multitude of interactive experiences.

Practical implications
Microsoft's Health Care in the Cloud and Signify's platforms transform value for stakeholding individuals’ experiences in ways that were never possible before.

Originality/value
This article imagines a not-too-distant future in which the most successful companies conduct business with customers, partners and a variety of stakeholders on digital platforms that are so interactive, adaptive and responsive that it’s not hyperbole to describe them as co-creative “living” systems.
Early exposure of pregnant women to non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs delivered outside hospitals and preterm birth risk: nationwide cohort study
Authors: Quantin C , Yamdjieu Ngadeu C , Cottenet J , Escolano S , Bechraoui‐Quantin S , Rozenberg P , Tubert‐Bitter P , Gouyon J‐B 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the risk of preterm birth associated with nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), focusing on early exposure in the period from conception to 22 weeks of gestation (WG).DesignNational population‐based retrospective cohort study.SettingThe French National Health Insurance Database that includes hospital discharge data and health claims data.PopulationSingleton pregnancies (2012–2014) with a live birth occurring after 22WG from women between 15 and 45 years old and insured the year before the first day of gestation and during pregnancy were included. We excluded pregnancies for which anti‐inflammatory medications were dispensed after 22WG.MethodsThe association between exposure and risk of preterm birth was evaluated with GEE models, adjusting on a large number of covariables, socio‐demographic variables, maternal comorbidities, prescription drugs and pregnancy complications.Main outcome measuresPrematurity, defined as a birth that occurred before 37WG.ResultsAmong our 1 598 330 singleton pregnancies, early exposure to non‐selective NSAIDs was associated with a significantly increased risk of preterm birth, regardless of the severity of prematurity: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.76 (95% CI 1.54–2.00) for extreme prematurity (95% CI 22–27WG), 1.28 (95% CI 1.17–1.40) for moderate prematurity (28–31WG) and 1.08 (95% CI 1.05–1.11) for late prematurity (32–36WG), with non‐overlapping confidence intervals. We identified five NSAIDs for which the risk of premature birth was significantly increased: ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, nabumetone, etodolac and indomethacin: for the latter, aOR = 1.92 (95% CI 1.37–2.70) with aOR = 9.33 (95% CI 3.75–23.22) for extreme prematurity.ConclusionOverall, non‐selective NSAID use (delivered outside hospitals) during the first 22WG was found to be associated with an increased risk of prematurity. However, the association differs among NSAIDs.Tweetable abstractFrench study for which early exposure to non‐selective NSAIDs was associated with increased risk of prematurity.
TaxonTableTools: A comprehensive, platform‐independent graphical user interface software to explore and visualise DNA metabarcoding data
Authors: Macher Till‐Hendrik , Beermann Arne J. , Leese Florian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDNA metabarcoding is increasingly used as a tool to assess biodiversity in research and environmental management. Powerful analysis software exists to process raw data. However, the translation of sequence read data into biological information and downstream analyses may be difficult for end users with limited expertise in bioinformatics. Thus, there is a growing need for easy‐to‐use, graphical user interface (GUI) software to analyse and visualise DNA metabarcoding data. Here, we present TaxonTableTools (TTT), a new platform‐independent GUI that aims to fill this gap by providing simple, reproducible analysis and visualisation workflows. At its base, TTT uses a "TaXon table", which is a data format that can be generated easily within TTT from two input files: a read table and a taxonomy table obtained using various published metabarcoding pipelines. TTT analysis and visualisation modules include Venn diagrams to compare taxon overlap among replicates, samples, or analysis methods. TTT analyses and visualises basic statistics, such as read proportion per taxon, as well as more sophisticated visualisations, such as interactive Krona charts for taxonomic data exploration. Various ecological analyses can be produced directly, including alpha or beta diversity estimates, and rarefaction analysis ordination plots. Metabarcoding data can be converted into formats required for traditional, taxonomy‐based analyses performed by regulatory bioassessment programs. In addition, TTT is able to produce html‐based interactive graphics that can be analysed in any web browser. The software comes with a manual and tutorial, is free and publicly available through GitHub (https://github.com/TillMacher/TaxonTableTools) or the Python package index (https://pypi.org/project/taxontabletools/).
Sleep‐wake rhythms determined by actigraphy during in‐hospital stay following discharge from an intensive care unit
Authors: Okutan Betül , Kjer Cilia Klara W. , Poulsen Lone M. , Gögenur Ismail , Mathiesen Ole , Estrup Stine , Madsen Michael Tvilling 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundSleep and circadian disturbances play a major role in recovery after critical illness. Ample research has shown sleep to be disturbed during the stay at the intensive care unit (ICU); however, the trajectory of sleep after ICU discharge is sparsely described.The current study aimed to describe the development of the sleep‐wake rhythm in subjects discharged from ICU to a hospital ward.MethodsFollowing discharge from the ICU to a general hospital ward, the participants were monitored with an ActiGraph for sleep assessment for 7 days or until hospital discharge or death. Data were analysed for day‐to‐day change with t‐tests and for the whole period with repeated measures analysis.ResultsFor the 38 included patients, repeated measures analysis showed no significant improvement in total sleep time and wake time. However, for secondary outcomes, improvements for wake after sleep onset (P = .02) and reduction in the number of naps (P = .03) both in the day‐to‐day and overall trend analysis were observed.ConclusionThe duration of sleep and wake time did not improve during ward stay. However, sleep became less fragmented and naps during the day declined. Due to the small sample size further, larger trials are needed.
Western Australian Peritonectomy Service: a review of the first 6 years of operation of a low‐volume peritonectomy centre
Authors: McEntee Phillip , Keelan Simon , Salama Paul , Moroz Paul 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundCytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal early chemotherapy has gained acceptance as the standard of care for peritoneal surface malignancy over the past decade. This study reports the results of the first 6 years of activity of the Western Australian Peritonectomy Service to compare outcomes of a low‐volume centre with world standards.MethodsAn audit of all patients who received CRS ± hyperthermic intraperitoneal early chemotherapy treatment at the Western Australian Peritonectomy Service in its first 6 years of operation was performed and results were compared to the recent world literature.ResultsA total of 130 patients were treated with 150 CRS procedures, including 50 pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), 53 colorectal cancers (CRCs), 27 appendix adenocarcinomas (AAs) and 20 other cancers. The median operating time was 12 h with median length of hospital stay of 15 days. Perioperative mortality was 0.67% and Clavien‐Dindo III/IV morbidity was 20%. The mean packed red cell transfusion requirement was 0.34 units/case. Post‐discharge readmission rate was 25% and the return to theatre rate was 13%. The 4‐year overall survival rates for PMP, CRC and AA were 97%, 49% and 81%, respectively. The 3‐year disease‐free survival rates for PMP, CRC and AA were 74%, 26% and 36%, respectively.ConclusionA CRS centre averaging 25 cases per year can achieve strong outcomes in line with high‐volume world centres.
Investigation of red blood cell partitioning in an in vitro microvascular bifurcation
Authors: Pskowski Andrew , Bagchi Prosenjit , Zahn Jeffrey D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThere is a long history of research examining red blood cell (RBC) partitioning in microvasculature bifurcations. These studies commonly report results describing partitioning that exists as either regular partitioning, which occurs when the RBC flux ratio is greater than the bulk fluid flowrate ratio, or reverse partitioning when the RBC flux ratio is less than or equal to that of the bulk fluid flowrate. This paper presents a study of RBC partitioning in a single bifurcating microchannel with dimensions of 6 to 16 μm, investigating the effects of hematocrit, channel width, daughter channel flowrate ratio, and bifurcation angle. The erythrocyte flux ratio, N*, manifests itself as either regular or reverse partitioning, and time‐dependent partitioning is much more dynamic, occurring as both regular and reverse partitioning. We report a significant reduction in the well‐known sigmoidal variation of the erythrocyte flux ratio (N*) versus the volumetric flowrate ratio (Q*), partitioning behavior with increasing hematocrit in microchannels when the channel dimensions are comparable with cell size. RBCs “lingering” or jamming at the bifurcation were also observed and quantified in vitro. Results from trajectory analyses suggest that the RBC position in the feeder channel strongly affects both partitioning and lingering frequency of RBCs, with both being significantly reduced when RBCs flow on streamlines near the edge of the channel as opposed to the center of the channel. Furthermore, our experiments suggest that even at low Reynolds number, partitioning is affected by the bifurcation angle by increasing cell–cell interactions. The presented results provide further insight into RBC partitioning as well as perfusion throughout the microvasculature.
Comparison of the injection‐site experience of the starting doses with semaglutide and dulaglutide: A randomized, double‐blind trial in healthy subjects
Authors: Snitker Søren , Andersen Andreas , Berg Birgitte , van Marle Sjoerd , Sparre Thomas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis double‐blind, randomized, single‐site, crossover trial compared the injection‐site experience with the starting doses of semaglutide and dulaglutide. Healthy subjects (aged 18–75 years; body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2; n = 104) were randomized 1:1, using a pregenerated list, to semaglutide 0.25 mg as the first injection and dulaglutide 0.75 mg as the second injection or vice versa; each was administered using their proprietary pen‐injectors, according to instructions for use. The primary endpoint was intensity of injection‐site pain, measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS; 0 mm = no pain, 100 mm = unbearable pain). Exploratory endpoints included intensity category, duration and quality of injection‐site pain, and comparative assessment of injection‐site pain with the two injections. The point estimate of the VAS score for injection‐site pain intensity was 11.5 mm with dulaglutide versus 5.6 mm with semaglutide; mean (95% confidence interval) estimated treatment difference 5.9 (3.6; 8.2) mm; p < .0001. Other endpoints corroborated a less painful injection experience with semaglutide versus dulaglutide. Safety was consistent with reported data for the drugs. In conclusion, the injection‐site experience with semaglutide was rated as less painful than that with dulaglutide.
Pathogenic characteristics and infection‐related genes of Metarhizium anisopliae FM‐03 infecting Planococcus lilacinus
Authors: Huang Peng , Yao Jinai , Lin Yongwen , Yu Deyi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPlanococcus lilacinus (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a global flower and fruit pest, and a severe infestation is currently seen in the sugar apple (Annona squamosa L., Annonaceae) orchards of Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, China. Biological control with entomopathogenic fungi is safe, effective, and long‐lasting, and has potential for the control of mealybugs. In this study, we analyzed the pathogenic characteristics and infection‐related genes of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorokīn FM‐03, a strain discovered in the sugar apple orchards, against P. lilacinus, to evaluate its biocontrol potential and application prospects against mealybugs. The results showed that M. anisopliae FM‐03 was highly pathogenic against P. lilacinus. At 10 days after infection, the median lethal concentration (LC50) of strain FM‐03 was 1.45 × 105 spores ml−1 and the cumulative corrected mortality was 93%, whereas the median lethal time (LT50) was 5.27 days for treatment with the highest spore concentration (108 spores ml−1). Planococcus lilacinus was primarily infected from the legs, abdominal segments, and body edges, which are sites with less wax. Infection became clearly visible 72 h post inoculation. Substantial changes occurred in activity of fungal enzymes, with peak values of 26 U ml−1 for proteases and 17 U ml−1 for lipases on day 5 post inoculation to enzyme inducing culture media. The activity of chitinases was relatively stable, with a peak value of 8 U ml−1 on day 6 post inoculation. At 3 days post P. lilacinus infection, a total of 1 069 genes were differentially expressed, of which 137 were annotated as infection‐related. Among the 136 upregulated genes, 10 were identified as potentially crucial for infection regulation. These 10 genes could be targeted for subsequent construction of genetically engineered FM‐03 strains, driving the research and development of effective biocontrol agents for P. lilacinus.
Cardiovascular health and chronic axonal polyneuropathy: A population‐based study
Authors: Taams Noor E. , Ahmadizar Fariba , Hanewinckel Rens , Drenthen Judith , Voortman Trudy , Ikram M. Arfan , Kavousi Maryam , van Doorn Pieter A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeChronic axonal polyneuropathy is a common, usually multifactorial, disease for which there is no treatment yet available. We investigated the association between cardiovascular health, defined by the health score of the American Heart Association, and chronic axonal polyneuropathy.MethodsBetween June 2013 and January 2017, we investigated participants of the Rotterdam Study, a population‐based cohort study. Participants were screened for polyneuropathy and categorized as having no, possible, probable or definite polyneuropathy. The cardiovascular health score (range 0–14; higher score reflecting better health) consisted of four health behaviours (diet, physical activity, smoking and body mass index) and three health factors (blood pressure, serum cholesterol and fasting glucose level).ResultsWe included 1919 participants, of whom 120 (6.3%) had definite polyneuropathy. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 69.0 (58.6–73.7) years and 53.4% were women. A higher cardiovascular health score was associated with a lower prevalence of definite polyneuropathy (per point increase: odds ratio [OR] 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84–0.96). Optimal cardiovascular health (score≥10) was strongly associated with a lower prevalence of definite polyneuropathy (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.32–0.90). An increase in health factors and health behaviour scores separately was associated with a lower prevalence of polyneuropathy (per point increase: OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71–0.95 and OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.78–0.96, respectively). The association between a lower cardiovascular health score and lower sural nerve amplitude was not significant after correction for covariates (difference 0.07µV, 95% CI −0.02–0.17).ConclusionsBetter cardiovascular health, consisting of both modifiable health behaviours and health factors, is associated with a lower prevalence of chronic axonal polyneuropathy.
An integrative approach uncovers transcriptome‐wide determinants of mRNA stability regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Tomecki Rafal , Drazkowska Karolina 
Published: February 2021

mRNA degradation rate is one of the key stages of gene expression regulation in eukaryotic cells. To date, intertwined processes of post‐transcriptional control have been widely investigated, but focused rather on the examination of mechanisms controlling stability of particular protein‐coding transcripts. Currently, a wealth of information from structural, biochemical, and high‐throughput studies makes it tempting to define general rules governing mRNA stability that could be considered as versatile and valid on a genome‐wide scale. Basu et al. analyzed multiple experimental and computational data on Saccharomyces cerevisiae mRNA half‐lives as well as on secondary structures and protein‐binding sites within transcripts, and collated it with available structures of ribonucleases, that is, enzymes responsible for mRNA degradation. This approach allowed to conclude how particular mRNA features such as lengths of unstructured terminal or internal regions or sequestration into ribonucleoprotein complexes impact half‐lives of protein‐coding transcripts and to define genome‐scale principles of mRNA stability control in yeast.
Development and initial validation of a deep learning algorithm to quantify histological features in colorectal carcinoma including tumour budding/poorly differentiated clusters
Authors: Pai Reetesh K , Hartman Douglas , Schaeffer David F , Rosty Christophe , Shivji Sameer , Kirsch Richard , Pai Rish K 
Published: February 2021

AimsTo develop and validate a deep learning algorithm to quantify a broad spectrum of histological features in colorectal carcinoma.Methods and resultsA deep learning algorithm was trained on haematoxylin and eosin‐stained slides from tissue microarrays of colorectal carcinomas (N = 230) to segment colorectal carcinoma digitised images into 13 regions and one object. The segmentation algorithm demonstrated moderate to almost perfect agreement with interpretations by gastrointestinal pathologists, and was applied to an independent test cohort of digitised whole slides of colorectal carcinoma (N = 136). The algorithm correctly classified mucinous and high‐grade tumours, and identified significant differences between mismatch repair‐proficient and mismatch repair‐deficient (MMRD) tumours with regard to mucin, inflammatory stroma, and tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). A cutoff of >44.4 TILs per mm2 carcinoma gave a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 73% in classifying MMRD carcinomas. Algorithm measures of tumour budding (TB) and poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs) outperformed TB grade derived from routine sign‐out, and compared favourably with manual counts of TB/PDCs with regard to lymphatic, venous and perineural invasion. Comparable associations were seen between algorithm measures of TB/PDCs and manual counts of TB/PDCs for lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.001); however, stronger correlations were seen between the proportion of positive lymph nodes and algorithm measures of TB/PDCs. Stronger associations were also seen between distant metastasis and algorithm measures of TB/PDCs (P = 0.004) than between distant metastasis and TB (P = 0.04) and TB/PDC counts (P = 0.06).ConclusionsOur results highlight the potential of deep learning to identify and quantify a broad spectrum of histological features in colorectal carcinoma.
Artificial intelligence grading of breast cancer: a promising method to refine prognostic classification for management precision
Authors: Elsharawy Khloud A , Gerds Thomas A , Rakha Emad A , Dalton Leslie W 
Published: February 2021

AimArtificial intelligence (AI)‐based breast cancer grading may help to overcome perceived limitations of human assessment. Here, the potential value of AI grade was evaluated at the molecular level and in predicting patient outcome.Methods and resultsA supervised convolutional neural network (CNN) model was trained on images of 612 breast cancers from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The test set, obtained from the Cooperative Human Tissue Network (CHTN), comprised 1058 cancers with corresponding survival data. Upon reversal, a CNN was trained from images of 1537 CHTN cancers and tested on 397 TCGA cancers. In TCGA, mRNA models were trained using AI grade and Nottingham grade (NG) as labels. Performance of mRNA models in predicting patient outcome was evaluated using data from 1807 cancers from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) cohort. In selecting images for training, nucleolar prominence determined high‐ versus low‐grade cancer cells. In CHTN, NG corresponded to significant survival stratification in stages 1, 2 and 3 cancers, while AI grade showed significance in stages 1 and 2 and borderline in stage 3 tumours. In METABRIC, the mRNA model trained from AI grade was not significantly different to the NG‐based model. The gene which best described AI grade was TRIP13, a gene involved with mitotic spindle assembly.ConclusionAn AI grade trained from the morphologically distinctive feature of nucleolar prominence could transmit significant patient outcome information across three independent patient cohorts. AI grade shows promise in gene discovery and for second opinions.
A second cryoballoon system—New and improved?
Authors: Su Wilber W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGenerations of cryoballoon transformed the atrial fibrillation ablation landscape. New advancements continue to make cryoballoon more successful and safer treatment. A new cryoballoon PolaRx from Boston Scientific has unique features compared to that of the Medtronic Arctic Front Advance system. Comparison of the two available cryoballoons will require ongoing larger trial and clinical experience.