bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of the collaborative caching strategy in an UAV-RAN
Authors: Li Qi , Wang Dongyu , Lu Hua , Hong Wei , Mu Qin , Xiong Kexin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUltra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) is one of the main service categories in the fifth-generation communication systems, which lays the foundation for emerging data-exploring video applications with strict end-to-end latency requirement. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enabled radio access network (UAV-RAN) is an effective architecture to improve the wireless coverage. Combining wireless caching with UAV-RAN is one of the key driving forces to reduce the burden of wireless traffic, provide resilient coverage and reduce the delay in heterogeneous URLLC networks. In this paper, a collaborative caching strategy is proposed for UAV-RANs. First, a scalable video coding (SVC)-based video library is presented to provide users with videos of different perceptual qualities, and the popularity of different definition videos is also analyzed. Then, we propose a heterogeneous network where UAVs within a distance from based station (BS) can be provided with error-free data and UAVs at several stop points can provide data service to users while BS can offer all users data service. Next, an SVC-based two-tier cooperative caching model is proposed, where BS and UAVs store different video encoded files on the basis of caching matrix. Finally, the energy consumption of UAV and the caching hit probability (CHPro) are analyzed, and the optimal caching matrix is obtained via the maximization of CHPro. The maximization problem is proved to be NP hard, and we propose a two-step solution based on the simulated annealing algorithm. Considering URLLC, the average service delay is also analyzed and proved that the proposed strategy is efficient in reducing delay. Simulation results demonstrate that the collaborative caching strategy is more suitable for the UAV-RANs with a skew video popularity library and an ultra-dense user distribution. Compared with other contrasting schemes, the proposed collaborative caching strategy can achieve quasi-optimal performance.
Application study of 3D LAVA-Flex on lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Liu Tiefang , Wang Yonghao , Xu Zhengyang , Wu Tao , Zang Xiao , Li Meng , Li Jinfeng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Degeneration of the intervertebral discs are very common diseases, indicating the specific or malignant changes in intervertebral disc component, structure and function. Imaging examination is currently used to evaluate the severity of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. This study was designed to investigate the diagnostic value of 3D LAVA-Flex in lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration.

Material and methods
Sagittal 3D LAVA-Flex and T2WI scans were performed in 45 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. On T2WI, the degenerated intervertebral disc in every patient was evaluated using Pfirrmann grade. Then, the patients were re-evaluated using 3D LAVA-Flex with considerations of the distinction of nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus, hypointense signal of intervertebral disc and height of intervertebral disc. The evaluation results were compared between 3D LAVA-Flex and T2WI. Virtual endoscopy was also performed to evaluate the degenerated intervertebral disc.

Results
The intermediate–intense signal of nucleus pulposus and complete ring-shaped hyperintense signal of annulus fibrosus were found and the distinction of nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus was clear in the normal intervertebral disc on 3D LAVA-Flex. The incidence of linear hypointensity of narrowed intervertebral space (65/91) was higher than that of normal intervertebral space (4/134) (P = 0.000). A good consistency was shown between the LAVA-Flex grade and T2WI-based Pfirrmann grade. Virtual endoscopy based on 3D LAVA-Flex could help clearly show the anatomic relationship between the degenerated disc and intervertebral foramen.

Conclusions
3D LAVA-Flex and T2WI show similar efficacy in evaluating lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. 3D LAVA-Flex-based virtual endoscopy possesses great potential in the study of intervertebral disc abnormalities.
Genetics of canine subvalvular aortic stenosis (SAS)
Authors: Ontiveros Eric S. , Stern Joshua A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSubvalvular aortic stenosis (SAS) is one of the most common congenital heart defects of dogs. The disease is characterized by obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract, resulting in pressure overload on the left ventricle. The etiology of obstruction is a fibromuscular nodule, ridge, or ring of tissue that increases aortic outflow tract velocity. This review is focused on the prevalence, inheritance pattern, and current genetic insights of canine SAS. The prevalence of this disease was reported at 4.7 % in a large veterinary referral hospital. The mode of inheritance for this disease has also been described in breeds with a high disease prevalence such as the Bullmastiff, Bouvier des Flandres, Dogue de Bordeaux, Golden Retriever, Newfoundland, and Rottweiler. Genetic investigations seeking to identify causative mutations for SAS are lacking with only a single published variant associated with SAS in Newfoundlands.
Report on the 18th International Symposium on Geo-disaster Reduction and the 4th Gu Dezhen Lecture, 20–22 November 2020, Beijing, China
Authors: Qi Shengwen , Liang Ning , Yan Kongming , Dai Zili , Wang Fawu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe 18th International Symposium on Geo-disaster Reduction (ISGdR) was held on 20–22 November in Beijing, China, focusing on the theme of “Improving the Relationship between Geoenvironment and Society”. In this symposium, a high-level Gu Dezhen Lecture and a number of keynote and invited lectures provided a platform for scientists, industrial professionals and students to share their researches and exchange novel ideas on geo-disaster reduction in a hybrid way of offline and online.
Exploring EFL learners’ inferential reading comprehension skills through a flipped classroom
Authors: Samiei Fatemeh , Ebadi Saman 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study presents the results of a mixed-methods approach in finding the effects of the WebQuest-based flipped classroom on the EFL learners’ inferential reading comprehension skills. A group of EFL learners attending an IELTS course participated in the study. T-test and one-way repeated measures ANOVA were used to analyze the quantitative data. The results showed that the WebQuest-based flipped classroom effectively developed the learners’ inferential reading comprehension skills, and its long-term effect was also confirmed through the delayed post-test scores. The participants’ attitudes towards the WebQuest-based flipped classroom effects were also explored by conducting semi-structured interviews analyzed by utilizing thematic analysis through which the participants’ perspectives were coded and categorized. The findings revealed the EFL learners’ mainly positive attitudes towards the effectiveness of this innovative approach in developing their inferential reading comprehension skills. The pedagogical implications of using WebQuest-based flipped instruction as an efficient and effective alternative to traditional classroom practice are discussed.
COVID-19 control during a humanitarian crisis; the need for emergency response at the Thai-Myanmar border as an alternative channel
Authors: Kobayashi Jun , Aritaka Nanae , Nozaki Ikuma , Tabata Aya , Noda Shinichiro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFollowing the coup in Myanmar, humanitarian assistance, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) control, must be implemented on the Thai-Myanmar border in the framework of international cooperation. The actual number of refugees was expected to increase in the Karen state at the end of March 2021, and they are at risk of contracting COVID-19 as they live in overcrowded conditions without access to basic sanitation. The global community has been hesitant to provide direct support because of fearing that such support would benefit the military. To reach this most vulnerable population, further strengthening of support through the Thai-Myanmar border as an alternative channel that was used before Myanmar's democratic transition in 2011 is necessary.
Neurological pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): from virological features to clinical symptoms
Authors: Kase Yoshitaka , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSince the worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 2020, various research reports and case reports have been published. It has been found that COVID-19 causes not only respiratory disorders but also thrombosis and gastrointestinal disorders, central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and peripheral neuropathy. Compared to other disorders, there are low number of research reports and low number of summaries on COVID-19-related neural disorders. Therefore, focusing on neural disorders, we outline both basic research and clinical manifestations of COVID-19-related neural disorders.
Feasibility study on the use of near-infrared spectroscopy for rapid and nondestructive determination of gossypol content in intact cottonseeds
Authors: LI Cheng , SU Bangsong , ZHAO Tianlun , LI Cong , CHEN Jinhong , ZHU Shuijin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Gossypol found in cottonseeds is toxic to human beings and monogastric animals and is a primary parameter for the integrated utilization of cottonseed products. It is usually determined by the techniques relied on complex pretreatment procedures and the samples after determination cannot be used in the breeding program, so it is of great importance to predict the gossypol content in cottonseeds rapidly and nondestructively to substitute the traditional analytical method.

Results
Gossypol content in cottonseeds was investigated by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Partial least squares regression, combined with spectral pretreatment methods including Savitzky-Golay smoothing, standard normal variate, multiplicative scatter correction, and first derivate were tested for optimizing the calibration models. NIRS technique was efficient in predicting gossypol content in intact cottonseeds, as revealed by the root-mean-square error of cross-validation (RMSECV), root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP), coefficient for determination of prediction (Rp2), and residual predictive deviation (RPD) values for all models, being 0.05∼0.07, 0.04∼0.06, 0.82∼0.92, and 2.3∼3.4, respectively. The optimized model pretreated by Savitzky-Golay smoothing + standard normal variate + first derivate resulted in a good determination of gossypol content in intact cottonseeds.

Conclusions
Near-infrared spectroscopy coupled with different spectral pretreatments and partial least squares (PLS) regression has exhibited the feasibility in predicting gossypol content in intact cottonseeds, rapidly and nondestructively. It could be used as an alternative method to substitute for traditional one to determine the gossypol content in intact cottonseeds.
Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus X4-like accessory protein
Authors: Durojaye Olanrewaju Ayodeji , Okoro Nkwachukwu Oziamara , Odiba Arome Solomon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is currently a global threat to health and economies. Therapeutics and vaccines are in rapid development; however, none of these therapeutics are considered as absolute cure, and the potential to mutate makes it necessary to find therapeutics that target a highly conserved regions of the viral structure.

Results
In this study, we characterized an essential but poorly understood coronavirus accessory X4 protein, a core and stable component of the SARS-CoV family. Sequence analysis shows a conserved ~ 90% identity between the SARS-CoV-2 and previously characterized X4 protein in the database. QMEAN Z score of the model protein shows a value of around 0.5, within the acceptable range 0–1. A MolProbity score of 2.96 was obtained for the model protein and indicates a good quality model. The model has Ramachandran values of φ = − 57o and ψ = − 47o for α-helices and values of φ = − 130o and ψ = + 140o for twisted sheets.

Conclusions
The protein data obtained from this study provides robust information for further in vitro and in vivo experiment, targeted at devising therapeutics against the virus. Phylogenetic analysis further supports previous evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 is positioned with the SL-CoVZC45, BtRs-BetaCoV/YN2018B and the RS4231 Bat SARS-like corona viruses.
The restoration of the Oratory of the Partal Palace in the Alhambra of Granada, Grand Prix Europa Nostra 2019
Authors: Wulff Barreiro Federico 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis research focuses on the latest restoration of the Oratory of the Partal Palace (2013–2017), a 14th-century palatine mosque in the Alhambra, one of the most important UNESCO-listed World Heritage Sites of Spain. This restoration was awarded the Europa Nostra Grand Prix 2019, the most prestigious European heritage award, promoted by the European Commission. The restoration revealed original inscriptions, decorative elements and constructive solutions from the Nasrid period that had been unknown to date. The interpretation of these discoveries enabled a deeper understanding of Nasrid carpentry techniques as distinctive from their Christian-mudéjar counterparts. The dendrochronology tests of the original decorated timber framework covering the prayer space consistently dated its timber elements as having been cut during the autumn/winter of 1332–1333. This would prove that the Oratory had been conceived of and its construction initiated on a date earlier than its widely accepted attribution to Yusuf I (1333–1355), most likely during the rule of the earlier sultan Ismai’l I (1314–1325), who had already made several interventions in the Partal Palace. The improved legibility of the last two 1846 and 1930 historical restorations has enabled the interpretation of the Oratory of the Partal Palace as a compendium of Spanish heritage preservation approaches over the last 180 years.
The Royal College of Psychiatrists’ Leadership and Management Fellow Scheme
Authors: Till Alex , Bagepalli Krishnan Deepa , Gibson Russell , Hobkirk Michael , Somerfield David , Crimlisk Helen 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThe Royal College of Psychiatrists’ Leadership and Management Fellow Scheme aims to develop and support a new cohort of leaders within psychiatry. This article provides an introduction to the scheme, which is accessible to all higher trainees with the support of their host organisation. We explore its development, structure and how it is evolving to provide a strong platform for achieving the College's ambition to benefit patient care by embedding a culture of medical leadership within mental health services.
Adverse childhood experiences and adult self-harm in a female forensic population
Authors: Holden Rachel , Stables Imogen , Brown Penelope , Fotiadou Maria 
Published: May 2021

Aims and methodThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among patients in a female forensic psychiatric in-patient medium-secure unit, and to analyse the link between ACEs, adulthood self-harm and associated comorbidities and risk factors. The study used a cross-sectional design, with data gathered from the anonymised electronic health records of patients.ResultsIt was found that there was a high prevalence of both ACEs and self-harm among this patient group, and that there was a relationship between the two; those with more ACEs were more likely to have self-harmed during adulthood. Of the individual ACE categories, it was also demonstrated that emotional abuse had a significant association with adulthood self-harm.Clinical implicationsIn medium-secure settings for women, implementation of trauma-informed care will be beneficial because of the high number of those with mental disorders who have experienced adversity during their childhood.
Views on psychotherapy research among members of the Medical Psychotherapy Faculty of the Royal College of Psychiatrists
Authors: Fok Marcella , Lee Tennyson , Yakeley Jessica 
Published: May 2021

Aims and methodResearch drives innovation and improved practice in psychotherapy. We describe views of members of the Faculty of Medical Psychotherapy of the Royal College of Psychiatrists (RCPsych) regarding their knowledge, experience and perspectives on psychotherapy research. We sent questionnaires to the Faculty membership emailing list.ResultsIn total, 172 psychiatrists from all levels of training returned fully complete responses. Respondents considered knowledge of psychotherapy research to be important to clinical work. Many have qualifications and experience in research but lack current opportunities for research involvement and would welcome the Faculty doing more to promote psychotherapy research. Perceived obstacles to research involvement included lack of competence, competing demands and wider organisational factors.Clinical implicationsThe lack of research opportunities for medical psychotherapists may lead to their underrepresentation in psychotherapy research and a less medically informed research agenda. Providing support at academic, RCPsych and National Health Service organisational levels will allow more clinically relevant research not only in psychotherapy but in other psychiatric disciplines as well.
Open-Label, Single-Arm, Multicenter, Phase II Trial of Lenvatinib for the Treatment of Patients With Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Wirth Lori J. , Brose Marcia S. , Sherman Eric J. , Licitra Lisa , Schlumberger Martin , Sherman Steven I. , Bible Keith C. , Robinson Bruce , Rodien Patrice , Godbert Yann , De La Fouchardiere Christelle , Newbold Kate , Nutting Christopher , Misir Soamnauth , Xie Ran , Almonte Ana , Ye Weifei , Cabanillas Maria E. 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), an aggressive malignancy, is associated with a poor prognosis and an unmet need for effective treatment, especially for patients without BRAF mutations or NTRK or RET fusions. Lenvatinib is US Food and Drug Administration–approved for radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and has previously demonstrated activity in a small study of patients with ATC (n = 17). We aimed to further evaluate lenvatinib in ATC. METHODS This open-label, multicenter, international, phase II study enrolled patients with ATC, who had ≥ 1 measurable target lesion, to receive lenvatinib 24 mg once daily. The primary end points were objective response rate (ORR) by investigator assessment per RECIST v1.1 and safety. Responses were confirmed ≥ 4 weeks after the initial response. Additional end points included progression-free survival and overall survival (OS). RESULTS The study was halted for futility as the minimum ORR threshold of 15% was not met upon interim analysis. The interim analysis set included the first 20 patients. The full analysis set includes all 34 enrolled and treated patients. In the full analysis set, one patient achieved a partial response (ORR, 2.9%; 95% CI, 0.1 to 15.3). More than half of the evaluable patients experienced tumor shrinkage; three patients experienced a > 30% tumor reduction. The median progression-free survival was 2.6 months (95% CI, 1.4 to 2.8); the median overall survival was 3.2 months (95% CI, 2.8 to 8.2). The most common treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were hypertension (56%), decreased appetite (29%), fatigue (29%), and stomatitis (29%). No major treatment-related bleeding events or grade 5 treatment-related AEs occurred. CONCLUSION The safety profile of lenvatinib in ATC was manageable, and many AEs were attributable to the progression of ATC. The results suggest that lenvatinib monotherapy may not be an effective treatment for ATC; further investigation may be warranted.
Trend in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Utilization, Price, and Out-of-Pocket Costs in Patients With Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Talon Brian , Calip Gregory S. , Lee Todd A. , Sharp Lisa K. , Patel Pritesh , Touchette Daniel R. 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE: Treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has improved survival but is associated with significant financial burden. We measured the annual trend in TKI utilization, Medicare gross payment, and patient out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure from 2007 to 2016. METHODS: We used SEER linked to Medicare part-D claims data to identify prevalent CML cases from 2007 to 2016. TKI utilization was measured as the proportion of cases with at least one TKI fill in each year. Average TKI gross payment and median per-member per-month OOP expenditure were calculated from claims data and plotted annually from 2007 to 2016. Year-to-year percent change in gross payment and OOP expenditure was compared with inflation indices. RESULTS: The cohort included 3,189 CML cases with at least one TKI claim. The proportion of prevalent patients with a TKI fill in a year increased from 17.9% in 2007 to 52.8% in 2015. The average annual gross payment per 30-day supply of a TKI increased by an average of 12.8% throughout the period from $9,000 to $10,000 US dollars in 2016. There was no increasing trend in median OOP expenditure per 30-day supply, which varied between $450 and $600 US dollars. CONCLUSION: Rising TKI use and TKI drug prices place considerable financial pressure on Medicare part-D insurers. Although there was no increasing trend in OOP expenditure, it may be burdensome for Medicare patients who are likely retired on a fixed income. Our findings support legislation that mitigates increasing drug prices to protect the Medicare system and its beneficiaries.
Economic Analysis on Adoption of Biosimilar Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factors in Patients With Nonmyeloid Cancer at Risk of Febrile Neutropenia Within the Oncology Care Model Framework
Authors: Wang Weijia , Li Edward , Campbell Kim , McBride Ali , D'Amato Steve 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE: Value-based programs, such as the Oncology Care Model (OCM), seek to improve care for patients undergoing chemotherapy, while reducing total costs. The purpose of this study is to quantify the impact of adopting biosimilar granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs) for febrile neutropenia (FN) primary prophylaxis (PP) from a US practice perspective. METHODS: A 1-year economic analysis on real-world direct drug costs and health care resource utilization was conducted in a hypothetical cohort of 500 patients with nonmyeloid cancer receiving chemotherapy. The first model simulated total cost savings of biosimilar versus reference G-CSFs over six cycles of chemotherapy. The second model evaluated cost and outcome implications of expanding the use of biosimilar G-CSFs to an additional 10% of patients at intermediate FN risk. RESULTS: Based on real-world evidence over 1 year, a total of 121 of 500 patients received G-CSF prophylaxis resulting in cost savings that ranged from $0.54M US dollars (USD) (short-acting, eg, filgrastim) to $1.68M USD (long-acting, eg, pegfilgrastim) when switching from reference to biosimilar G-CSFs. Expanding the use of biosimilar G-CSFs allowed an additional 24 patients to receive prophylaxis of FN, leading to cost savings of $0.03M USD or $1.19M USD, with a reduction of $0.08M USD in FN-related resource utilization cost. The per-patient per-year cost saving for long-acting G-CSFs was about $3,000 USD. CONCLUSION: The implementation of biosimilar versus reference G-CSFs to OCM-participating practices results in a reduction of costs and facilitates achieving OCM metrics by improving patients' outcomes while expanding biosimilar G-CSFs access to patients at intermediate risk of chemotherapy-induced FN.