bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Intestinal Lymphangiomas with Episodic Hemorrhage Requiring Partial Laparoscopic Resection: A Case Report
Authors: Kondo Hiroka , Ohki Takeshi , Ogawa Shimpei , Bamba Yoshiko , Kaneko Yuka , Koshino Kurodo , Nakagawa Ryosuke , Tani Kimitaka , Maeda Fumi , Aihara Hisako , Tokito Fumiaki , Fujikawa Shuji , Omori Teppei , Onizuka Hiromi , Nagashima Yoji , Inoue Yuji , Itabashi Michio , Yamaguchi Shigeki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background:Lymphangioma is a non-epithelial tumor marked by aggregates of abnormally dilated lymphatics. Mesenteric occurrences account for <1% of all cases, and <0.05% involve the gastrointestinal tract. Most are confined to children, rarely affecting adults. Case presentation:Herein, we describe an elderly Japanese woman with anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and episodic bleeding due to multiple intestinal lymphangiomas. Abdominal computed tomography revealed multiple low-density defects of mesentery, with areas of intermediate (T1 images) or high (T2 images) signal intensity similarly dispersed in magnetic resonance scanning sequences. Single-balloon enteroscopy was undertaken, enabling identification and tattooing of a small intestinal bleeding source. Laparoscopy-assisted resection at this site served to control related hemorrhage, removing a histologically confirmed hemolymphangioma. Having recovered uneventfully, the patient remained stable 2 months postoperatively. Conclusions:Although rare in adults, mesenteric or gastrointestinal lymphangiomas must be considered in a setting of anemia and hypoalbuminemia. Complete resection is advantageous to improve patient symptoms, but limited resection of multiple lesions may be equally effective.
Prominin-1 (PROM1) Significantly Correlated With Bone Metastasis and Influenced Prognosis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wu Yi-nan , Yu Cheng-Cheng , Hu Kai-min , Zhang Su-zhan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the important biomarker associated with bone metastasis (BM) in breast cancer (BRCA).MethodsThe GSE175692 dataset was used to detect significant differential expressed genes (DEGs) between BRCA samples with or without BM, and important pathways were then explored. Further, we constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network on GEGs and filtered 5 vital nodes. Through performing cox regression, Kaplan-Meier analysis, nomogram, ROC curve, and risk score model, significant prognostic factor was gradually identified. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis was performed to reveal the potential mechanism.ResultsTotally, 74 DEGs were detected, which mainly correlated with infectious disease, signaling molecules and interaction. The 5 important DEGs were filtered, and cox regression further showed that prominin-1 (PROM1) and C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) were prognosis-related factors. A negative correlation was observed between the expression of these 2 genes and the overall survival of metastatic BRCA patients. Especially, PROM1 presented a better prognostic performance on the survival probability of patients. Prognosis verification analysis also confirmed the significant influence of PROM1 on patient’s survival. In addition, we found that PROM1 expression was related to the distant metastasis-free survival in BRCA. Finally, GSEA analysis revealed that PROM1 was negatively related to IGF1 and mTOR pathways involved in BRCA metastasis. Conclusion﻿PROM1 was identified as an important DEGs associated with BRCA bone metastasis. It acted as a vital prognostic biomarker involved in BRCA metastasis, which may be due to the negative regulation of IGF1 and mTOR pathways.
Factors That Influence Contraceptive Use Among Women Aged 35 - 49 Years and Their Male Partners in Gomoa West District, Ghana: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Takyi Amy , Sato Miho , Adjabeng Michael , Smith Chris 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe use of contraception among women aged 35 to 49 years is imperative due to the risk of unplanned pregnancy and poor obstetric outcomes. However, the use of contraceptives in this age group has been reported to be low. In Ghana, studies are limited that determine factors influencing contraception among women in this age group, in particular the influence of husbands. This study aims to ascertain factors that influence contraception among women aged 35 to 49 years and their male partners. ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to describe factors that influence contraceptive use among women aged 35 to 49 years and their male partners in Gomoa West District of Ghana.MethodsA total of 44 informants participated in the study. In-depth interviews were conducted remotely for 22 women, 15 male partners of women interviewed, and seven family planning service providers. 21 informants participated in four focus group discussions organized. A simple thematic analysis was undertaken. ResultsFactors that influenced the use of contraceptives were achieved desired family size, counselling by health professionals, experience and/or fear of side effects, health reasons and influence of male partner. Barriers to using modern contraceptives included religious or socio-cultural reasons, experience or fear of side effects, rumors or misconceptions, and the belief that contraceptive use is a matter for women. Conclusions﻿This study described factors that influence contraception among women 35 to 49 years and their male partners. All informants used some form of contraception. Strengthening male involvement in family planning activities and health educational activities could alleviate fear and reduce misconceptions about using modern contraceptives.
A genetic toolkit and gene switches to limit Mycoplasma growth for a synthetic vaccine chassis
Authors: Broto Alicia , Gaspari Erika , Miravet-Verde Samuel , Santos Vitor Martins dos , Isalan Mark 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mycoplasmas have exceptionally streamlined genomes and are strongly adapted to their many hosts, which provide them with essential nutrients. Owing to their relative genomic simplicity, Mycoplasmas have been used for the development of chassis to deploy tailored vaccines. However, the dearth of robust and precise toolkits for genomic manipulation and tight regulation has hindered any substantial advance. Herein we describe the construction of a robust genetic toolkit for M. pneumoniae, and its successful deployment to engineer synthetic gene switches that control and limit Mycoplasma growth, for biosafety containment applications. We found these synthetic gene circuits to be stable and robust in the long-term, in the context of a minimal cell. With this work, we lay a foundation to develop viable and robust biosafety systems to exploit a synthetic Mycoplasma chassis for live attenuated vaccines or even for live vectors for biotherapeutics.
Spectral Image Contrast Based Flow Digital Nanoplasmon-metry For Ultrasensitive Antibody Detection
Authors: Wang Sheng-Hann , Kuo Chia-Wen , Lo Shu-Cheng , Yeung Wing Kiu , Chang Ting-Wei , Wei Pei-Kuen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely used as local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) immunoassay for biomolecule sensings. It is primarily based on two conventional methods - absorption spectra and colorimetric. While the low figure of merit (FoM) of the LSPR and high-concentration AuNPs requirement restrict their limit of detection (LOD), which is around ng to μg per mL in antibody detection if there is no other signal or analytes amplification. By now, the improvement of sensitivity has bogged down for years. It also reveals a great challenge of the current LSPR immunoassay in biosensing - pushing the boundary of the current LOD.Results: In this work, we developed a spectral image contrast-based flow digital nanoplasmon-metry(FDNM) to push the LOD boundary. Comparing the scattering image brightness of AuNPs in two neighboring wavelength bands near the LSPR peak, the signal of peak shift is extremely amplified and quickly detected. Introducing the digital analysis, the FDNM provides an ultra-high signal-to-noise ratio and less sample volume requirement. Compared to conventional analog LSPR immunoassay, FDNM has a LOD down to 1 pg mL-1 within only a 15-minute detection time and 500 μL sample volume. Antibody against spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in artificial saliva that contained various proteins was also conducted to validate the detection of FDNM in complicated samples. Of the detection, FDNM shows significant discrimination with a LOD of 10 pg mL-1 and a broad dynamic detecting range of five orders of magnitude. Conclusion: Together with the quick readout time and simple operation, this work outstandingly demonstrated the high sensitivity and selectivity of the developed FDNM in rapid antibody detection. The spectral image contrast and digital analysis further provide a new generation LSPR immunoassay of AuNPs.
A Part Per Trillion Isotope Ratio Analysis of 90Sr/88Sr using Energy-Filtered Thermal ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Takagai Yoshitaka , Wakaki Shigeyuki , Aoki Jo , Shimode Ryoya , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Miyazaki Takashi , Roberts Jenny , Vollstaedt Hauke , Sasaki Satoshi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Strontium-90 is a major radioactive nuclide released by nuclear accidents and discharge waste. Input of such radioactive nuclide into earth surface environment causes potential threat of long-term internal exposure when taken up by organism. Rapid and precise measurement of 90Sr in variety of environmental sample is important to understand the distribution and dynamics of 90Sr in the local environment after the accident and to assess the effect of radioactive nuclide inputs on bodies. However, previous 90Sr measurement techniques have drawbacks such as long measurement times for radiometry and high detection limits for mass spectrometry. Here we present a technique to accurately measure a significantly small amount of 90Sr in natural environmental samples using an energy-filtered thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Our technique achieved a 90Sr detection limit of 0.23 ag, which corresponds to a 90Sr activity of 1.2 µBq. The detection limit was lowered by two orders of magnitude compared with the previous mass spectrometric 90Sr analyses. The ability of our technique will expand the applicability of mass spectrometric 90Sr survey not only to the rapid 90Sr survey upon nuclear accidents but also to study a long-term environmental diffusion of radioactive materials using size-limited environmental and biological samples.
Exploring behavioral determinants of handwashing with soap after defecation in an urban setting in Bangladesh: findings from a barrier analysis
Authors: Kalam Md. Abul , Davis Thomas P. , Islam Md. Ariful , Islam Shahidul , Kittle Bonnie L. , Casas Marc Pérez 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Social and behavior change (SBC) has long been recognized as a necessary step in the promotion of handwashing with soap (HHWS), and identifying the barriers and enablers of this behavior are key to increasing its adoption. Based on the health belief model (HBM), the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and other behavioral models, this barrier analysis study was conducted to identify the barriers and enablers of HWWS after defecation in an urban setting in Bangladesh. We conducted interviews with 45 adults who washed their hands with soap after defecation (doers) and compared them to 45 adults who did not (non-doers). The analysis showed that the main barriers of HWWS after defecation were related to perceived self-efficacy, difficulty to remember to buy soap, access to low-cost soap, low perceived severity of diarrhea, and not believing that HWWS would reduce diarrhea. Believing that it is Allah's will when one gets diarrhea was mentioned more frequently by the non-doers, while feeling clean and keeping free from illness were reported as benefits of HWWS significantly by the doers. The results suggest that an SBC strategy that addresses these key barriers and enablers would be more effective in promoting the adoption of HWWS.
Enhanced modelling and experimental validation of ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis membrane system for treatment of synthetic brackish water
Authors: Norizam Saffa Syamimi , Hussain Mohd Azlan , Junaidi Mohd Usman Mohd 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWater purification from brackish water sources has been acknowledged as one of the most promising ways to produce drinkable water in water-scarce areas. In this study, an ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis (ULPRO) membrane was numerically and experimentally investigated to produce drinking water by the removal of sodium chloride salt which provides further validation of the model from a practical perspective. An enhanced predictive model based on the Donnan–Steric Pore Model with dielectric exclusion (DSPM-DE) incorporating the osmotic effects was formulated in process simulation. The feed pressure and concentration were optimized as input variables and interaction between them was observed, while salt rejection and water recovery rate were taken as response attributes. The results obtained on the ULPRO membrane showed that the performance depends on the charge, steric, and dielectric effects. Furthermore, the enhanced model was validated with the experimental data attained from a laboratory-scale filtration system with good accuracy in the salt rejection and water recovery results. Comparing the enhanced DSPM-DE with the existing solution diffusion model reveals that the enhanced model predicts the membrane performance better and thereby qualifies itself as a reliable model for desalination of brackish water using ULPRO membrane.
Precision Psychiatry: Machine Learning as a Tool to Find New Pharmacological
Targets
Authors: Rema João , Novais Filipa , Telles-Correia Diogo 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
The present work reviews current evidence regarding the contribution of machine
learning to the discovery of new drug targets.

Methods:
Scientific articles from PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science Core Collection
published until May 2021 were included in this review.

Results:
The most significant areas of research are schizophrenia, depression and anxiety,
Alzheimer´s disease, and substance use disorders. ML techniques have pinpointed target gene candidates
and pathways, new molecular substances, and several biomarkers regarding psychiatric disorders.
Drug repositioning studies using ML have identified multiple drug candidates as promising
therapeutic agents.

Conclusion:
Next-generation ML techniques and subsequent deep learning may power new findings
regarding the discovery of new pharmacological agents by bridging the gap between biological
data and chemical drug information.
Thieno[3,2-c] Quinoline Heterocyclic Synthesis and Reactivity Part (VI)
Authors: Gouda Moustafa A. , Abu-Hashem Ameen A. , Abdelgawad Ahmed A.M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract:
The biological and medicinal properties of thieno[3, 2-c] quinoline have prompted
enormous research aimed at developing synthetic routes for these systems. This review focuses on
the chemical properties associated with this system. The most reported reactions are Bischler-
Napieralski, Suzuki−Miyaura−Schlüter, Pictet-Spengler, Stille coupling and Friedlander and
Beckmann rearrangement reaction.
Multimodal Medical Image Fusion Based on Content-based and PCA-sigmoid
Authors: Bavirisetti Durga Prasad , Polinati Srinivasu , Rajesh Kandala N.V.P.S. , Dhuli Ravindra 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
The objective of any multimodal medical image fusion algorithm is to
assist a radiologist for better decision-making during the diagnosis and therapy by integrating
the anatomical (magnetic resonance imaging) and functional (positron emission tomography/
single-photon emission computed tomography) information.

Methods:
We proposed a new medical image fusion method based on content-based
decomposition, principal component analysis (PCA), and sigmoid function. We considered
empirical wavelet transform (EWT) for content-based decomposition purposes since it can
preserve crucial medical image information such as edges and corners. PCA is used to obtain
initial weights corresponding to each detail layer.

Results:
In our experiments, we found that direct usage of PCA for detail layer fusion
introduces severe artifacts into the fused image due to weight scaling issues. In order to tackle
this, we considered using the sigmoid function for better weight scaling. We considered 24 pairs
of MRI-PET and 24 pairs of MRI-SPECT images for fusion, and the results are measured using
four significant quantitative metrics.

Conclusion:
Finally, we compared our proposed method with other state-of-the-art transformbased
fusion approaches, using traditional and recent performance measures. An appreciable
improvement is observed in both qualitative and quantitative results compared to other fusion
methods.
Nanomaterials for the Delivery of Herbal Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Wahab Shadma , Ahmad Md. Parwez , Hussain Arshad , Qadir Shaik Fayazuddin Abdul 
Published: October 2021

Abstract:
Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary domain that involves overlapping areas such as
nanomaterials, nanoelectronics, and nanobiotechnology. Herbal medicine is a significant component
of traditional medicine and has been a part of treating many diseases. Asian people have been using
these herbal medicines for decades. Still, herbal extracts' therapeutic efficacy and pharmaceutical
application are associated with many factors such as poor bioavailability, low solubility, permeability,
and lack of targeting potential. In the present work, we have reviewed thriving strategies for the
targeted drug delivery of phytoconstituents and critically explained the most recent progressions on
emerging novel nano-phytomedicine-based materials as herbal medicines carriers. Nanotechnologybased
clinical trial studies targeting herbal bioactive compounds were discussed. Advancements in
nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems intended to enhance cellular uptake, improved pharmacokinetics,
and effectiveness of herbal drugs have facilitated the powerful targeting of specific agents
against diseases. This review provides insight into the current progress and future opportunities for
nanomedicines as potential curative targets for the delivery of herbal bioactive compounds. This
information could be used as a platform for the future expansion of multi-functional nano constructs
for the advanced detection of diseases and functional drug delivery of phytoconstituents.
Role of SCN2A c.56G/A Gene Polymorphism in Egyptian Children with Genetic Epilepsy with Febrile Seizure Plus
Authors: Berseem Naglaa Fathy , Khattab Essam Shawky A. E. H. , Saad Dalia S. , Abd Elnaby Sameh A. 
Published: October 2021

Background:Febrile Seizures (FS) are the most common seizures in children younger than 5 years. In the last decade, various coding and noncoding sequence variations of voltage-gated sodium channels SCN2A have been identified in patients with seizures, implying their genetic base. We aimed to evaluate the association between SCN2A c. G/A genetic polymorphism among Egyptian children with febrile seizure plus.Methods:The present cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 epileptic infants and children, attendants of the Neurology Unit, pediatric department, Menoufia University Hospitals (Group Ι). The patients were sub-classified into two groups, according to response to anti-epileptic treatment; Group Ι a (drug responder) and Group Ι b (drug-resistant). Evenly divided number of apparently healthy, age and gender-matched children were selected as controls (Group II). A complete history, throughout the systemic examination and radiological & metabolic assessment, whenever needed was provided, all participants were genotyped for SCN2A rs17183814 polymorphism by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results:Both of A allele and AA, GA genotypes of SCN2A c. 56 G/A were detected more in patients with febrile seizure plus comparison to the control group with a statistically significant difference at frequencies of 17% and 11% and 12% respectively; OR (CI95%): 10.04 (3.49-28.87) and p <0.001. On classifying epileptic patients into 2 subgroups, carriers of SCN2A rs17183814 AA genotype tended to respond poorly to Anti-epileptic Drugs (AEDs). Moreover, multivariate analysis revealed that rs17183814 A allele and positive family history of epilepsy were considered the highest predicted risk factors for the development of epilepsy; p<0.05.Conclusion:SCN2A rs17183814 (A) allele was specifically associated with developing febrile seizure plus and could modulate the patient's response to anti-epileptic medications.
THE ROLE OF METABOLIC DISORDERS IN THE FORMATION OF UROLITHIASIS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Kolupayev S. M. , Andonieva N. M. , Kirienko O. M. , Khanzhyn V. V. , Iemets D. O. 
Published: October 2021

The article presents the study of the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the features of the urolithiasis development and factors affecting stone formation. As part of the study, 28 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were treated at the «Regional Medical Clinical Center of Urology and Nephrology named after V. I. Shapoval», where a comprehensive examination was carried out to determine the level of glycosylated hemoglobin, glomerular filtration rate, serum concentration of triglycerides, urea, creatinine and uric acid. All patients underwent ultrasound examination of the urinary system organs. In case of detecting stones in the kidneys or urinary tract, multispiral computed tomography with contrast was performed, which evaluated the size, localization and X-ray density of the stones. Depending on the above parameters, patients underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, contact laser ureterolithotripsy or percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, followed by assessment of the mineral composition of the obtained stone fragments by infrared spectroscopy. The study revealed a positive correlation between the level of uric acid in the blood and the duration of diabetes mellitus both in men (r = 0.64, р < 0.05) and in women (r = 0.58, р < 0.05), while the concentration of uricacid in the blood did not depend on the age and gender of the patients. There was a direct relationship betweenhyperuricemia and the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin. The level of uricemia increased simultaneously with the level of creatinine in the blood. Urolithiasis was diagnosed in 67.8% of the examined patients. There was a significant increase in the number of cases of urolithiasis with an increase in the duration of diabetes mellitus (r = 0.64, p < 0.05). In 68.4% of patients, stones had a monophasic composition, which was represented by uric acid or uric acid dihydrate.In 31.5% of cases, stones had a mixed mineral composition, with uric acid being the dominant component, occupyingmore than 50% of the sample volume.