bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3 ungewöhnliche Verläufe von gastrointestinalen MALT-Lymphomen
Authors: Fischbach Wolfgang , Eck Matthias , Dorlöchter Christian 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungWir berichten über den ungewöhnlichen Krankheitsverlauf von drei Patienten mit gastro-intestinalen MALT-Lymphomen. Besonderheiten sind die primäre Manifestation der Lymphome, die hochmaligne Transformation im weiteren Verlauf, der lange Zeitraum zwischen initial erfolgreicher kurativ intendierter Therapie und dem Rezidiv und das Auftreten einer weiteren Neoplasie in einem Fall. Dies zeigt, dass trotz der allgemein guten Prognose von gastrointestinalen MALT-Lymphomen Nachsorgeuntersuchungen sinnvoll sind.
Artischocke – Gemüsepflanze mit potenter Heilkraft
Authors: Chrubasik-Hausmann Sigrun 
Published: August 2021

SummaryTrotz jahrzehntelanger, intensiver Forschung ist die Wirksamkeit der Artischocke noch immer nicht in klinischen Studien belegt. – Dennoch scheint eine Linderung von Verdauungsbeschwerden plausibel
Cantharidenpflaster bei Wirbelkanalstenose
Authors: Stör Wolfram 
Published: August 2021

SummaryDie Wirkung von Akupunktur bei Schmerzen mit Claudicatio spinalis durch Wirbelkanalstenose ist begrenzt. Im Fallbericht wird gezeigt, wie die Anwendung des Cantharidenpflasters als ausleitendes Heilverfahren Hilfe bringen kann.
Zur Geschichte der Kehlkopftuberkulose
Authors: Luckhaupt Horst 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungBis zur Einführung der Antituberkulotika in die Behandlung war die Kehlkopftuberkulose eine unheilbare, in der Regel zum Tode führende Infektionskrankheit. Seit dem 18. Jahrhundert erforschten Mediziner dieses Krankheitsbild; nach Fortschritten in der laryngologischen Diagnostik erfolgten medikamentöse Lokaltherapien, umschriebene operative Eingriffe, auch Versuche mit Röntgenstrahlen. Erst durch die Entwicklung der Tuberkulostatika (40er/50er-Jahre des letzten Jahrhunderts) verlor die Larynxtuberkulose ihren Schrecken.
Heilsame „Schockwelle“
Authors: Hayashi Kenji 
Published: August 2021

SummarySotaiho entstammt als heilgymnastische Methode der traditionellen japanischen Medizin und dient dem Abbau von Gelenkfehlstellungen und Muskelverspannungen sowie der Schulung in Achtsamkeit und Körpergefühl. Durch Fehlbelastungen wie einseitige Bewegungen bei Rechts- oder Linkshändern oder falsches Aufheben verlagert sich der Körperschwerpunkt als Bewegungszentrum von der Körpermitte weg, mit Beckenschiefstand und Wirbelsäulenverkrümmungen als Folge. Für die Technik führt der Patient eine Bewegung (zum Beispiel des Unterschenkels) mit einer Ausatmung von der schmerzenden zur angenehmen Seite aus, woraufhin der Therapeut gegendrückt und der Patient nach 5 sec plötzlich entlastet – was wie eine heilsame „Schockwelle“ in den Körper hineinwirkt.
Auf gesunden Füßen stehen
Authors: Steinfurth Günter 
Published: August 2021

SummaryFußdeformitäten zu erkennen, ihre genaue Ursache zu ermitteln und entsprechend zu behandeln kann ausschlaggebend für die Besserung von Beschwerdebildern auch in anderen Körperregionen sein.Sie lösen nicht nur Schmerzen aus und führen zu Haltungsschäden. Fehlstellungen und Deformierungen der Füße können über Muskel- und Faszienketten auch zu Beschwerden an Schulter, Nacken und Kopf führen.Geübte können Fußdeformitäten bereits anhand des Gangbilds erkennen, differenzieren oder ausschließen. Die wichtigsten stellt Ihnen dieser Beitrag vor.
A Rh(II)- or Ag(I)-Catalyzed Formal C–O Bond Insertion of Cyclic Hemiaminal with Aryl Diazoacetate
Authors: Hu Wenhao , Xu Cong , Liu Xiangrong , Xie Xiongda , Deng Lin , Xu Xinfang , Chan Albert S. C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA mild and facile synthetic method via convergent assembly of two reactive intermediates generated in situ has been developed. This method provides an efficient way to construct six- and seven-membered N-heterocycles containing a biaryl linkage. This reaction features a gem-difunctionalization process of diazo compounds with cyclic hemiaminals, delivering α-hydroxyl-β-amino ester derivatives with a tertiary carbon center through a formal C–O bond-insertion transformation.
Eficácia da biópsia vertebral percutânea guiada por fluoroscopia
Authors: Mireles-Cano José Nicolás , Gonzalez Alejandro Miranda , García-González Oscar Guillermo , Pérez Ricardo Martínez 
Published: August 2021

Resumo
Objetivo Definir a eficácia da biópsia vertebral percutânea guiada por fluoroscopia.
Métodos Este é um estudo prospectivo de pacientes com síndrome de destruição vertebral em uma instituição. Os pacientes foram submetidos a biópsias vertebrais transpediculares percutâneas guiadas por fluoroscopia, com obtenção de tecido ósseo e tecido do disco intervertebral, para estudo histopatológico e microbiológico. Idade, sexo, segmento vertebral, estado neurológico, e resultados de biópsia e de cultura foram analisados.
Resultados A idade média dos pacientes foi de 53,8 anos (gama: 2 a 83 anos), e o principal local acometido da coluna foi a segmento lombar, em 62% dos casos. Segundo a escala de disfunção da American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA), no pré-operatório, 49% dos pacientes foram classificados como ASIA E, e 100% apresentavam dor. A etiologia definitiva foi identificada em 83% dos pacientes. A etiologia foi agrupada em três categorias: infecciosa, neoplásica, e degenerativa (osteoporótica). O grupo infeccioso era composto por 36% dos pacientes da amostra, e Staphylococcus aureus foi o agente mais comumente identificado; em 34,9% dos casos, a etiologia era neoplásica, principalmente mieloma múltiplo e doença metastática por câncer de próstata; 21,7% dos pacientes apresentavam osteoporose. O tempo cirúrgico médio foi de 47,5 minutos, e a perda média de sangue foi de 10 mL. Nenhuma complicação foi relatada.
Conclusão Nesta série, a biópsia percutânea transpedicular guiada por fluoroscopia teve 83% de eficácia no diagnóstico etiológico da síndrome de destruição vertebral. Este procedimento minimamente invasivo deve ser considerado bom, fácil, barato e reprodutível, com baixo risco de complicações em curto e longo prazos.
Hálux valgo percutâneo: Um algoritmo de tratamento cirúrgico
Authors: Marijuschkin Igor , Souza Matheus Levy , Diaz José Luiz Garcia , Carvalho Paulo 
Published: August 2021

ResumoObjetivo Apresentar os resultados clínicos e radiográficos da correção cirúrgica de hálux valgo utilizando quatro técnicas percutâneas escolhidas de acordo com uma classificação radiográfica predefinida.Métodos Avaliamos prospectivamente 112 pés em 72 pacientes com hálux valgo operado em um período de um ano. A liberação de tecido mole distal (LTMD) percutâneo e o procedimento de Akin (LTMD-Akin) foram realizados em casos leves. Em hálux valgo de leve a moderado com ângulo distal da articulação do metatarso acima de 10°, adicionamos a osteotomia de Reverdin-Isham (RI). Em casos moderados com incongruência articular, realizamos o chevron percutâneo (CHP). Finalmente, uma osteotomia proximal percutânea fixada (OPPF) com um parafuso, semelhante à de Ludloff , foi proposta em casos graves com ângulo intermetatarsal (AIM) acima de 17°. De acordo com esses critérios, foram realizados 26 LTMDs-Akin, 36 CHPs, 35 RIs e 15 OPPFs. O seguimento médio foi de 17,2 meses (12 a 36 meses). A média de idade em operação foi de 58,8 anos (17 a 83 anos), e 89% dos pacientes eram do sexo feminino.Resultados A média do ângulo de hálux valgo (AHV) pré-operatório e o AIM diminuíram de 21° para 10,2°, e de 11,2° para 10,3°, respectivamente, em casos de LTMD-Akin. Em casos de RI, a média do AHV diminuiu de 26,6° para 13,7°, e o AIM, de 11,2° para 10,3°; em casos de CHP, o AHV médio diminuiu de 31° para 14,5°, o AIM diminuiu de 14,9° para 10,7°, e a OPPF, de 39,2° para 17,7°, e o AIM 11,8° para 6,8°. A média do escore de tornozelo e retropé da American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) aumentou de 49,2 para 88,6. A taxa de complicação foi de 11%.Conclusão Nosso protocolo de tratamento não difere muito dos clássicos, com resultados semelhantes. Temos como vantagem menos agressividade aos tecidos moles e melhores resultados cosméticos. Nível de evidência: nível IV, série de casos prospectivos.
Thermocoagulation as a Surgical Approach for the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Refractory Patients: Systematic Review
Authors: Chaves Lucas Praxedes , Souza Álef Ribeiro , Silva Ledismar José da , Crivellaro Laura de Lima , Silva Marina Ferreira da 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), a disabling chronic neuropsychiatric disease, entails high economic costs to society and has high morbidity and mortality rates. The first-line treatments for OCD are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioral therapy. However, this disorder has the highest refractory index to noninvasive treatment. Alternatively, ablative thermocoagulation neurosurgical techniques have shown efficacy and few adverse effects. The present systematic review aimed to identify validated protocols to observe the effectiveness of ablative procedures in the treatment of severe and refractory OCD, as well as their possible adverse effects and benefits. This review supports the effectiveness of ablative methods by presenting them as a safe non-experimental therapeutic option for cases of highly-refractory OCD. Additional relevant findings were the improvement in cognitive function, functional capacity, affective orientation, and quality of life, which contribute to the destigmatization of this surgical technique. Further controlled studies may lead to the individualization of recommendations of targets for ablative thermocoagulation.
Changing Patterns of Commercial Sex Work Amongst Adolescent Girls in Nepal: The Role of Technology
Authors: Ghimire Anita , Samuels Fiona , Mainali Sarmila 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe introduction of technology, particularly mobile phones, in the mediation of commercial sex work (CSW) has meant that sex work is expanding from traditional venue based (such as through hotels and massage parlors) work to freelance sex work. It has also changed the face-to-face negotiation in commercial sex work to negotiations mediated online or by phone. Apart from a few programmes, interventions largely use establishments as entry points for their programming and are therefore excluding many girls and women who engage in CSW through personal contacts or facilitated by social media. This article is based on a two-year qualitative study in four districts of Nepal, in Delhi (India), and the Indo-Nepal border in eastern Nepal. It gives a short overview of the girls and their life in the adult entertainment sector (AES), which is the main entry point for CSW, and discusses how technology is increasingly used to mediate CSW. Based on our findings, which show that technology is displacing establishment-based CSW in Nepal, we argue that to ensure that we do not leave girls behind, programmes and interventions targeting venues where girls engage in CSW should re-consider their strategies for reaching girls working in the AES.
Fitting the standard genetic code into its triplet table
Authors: Yarus Michael 
Published: August 2021

Significance
The standard genetic code (SGC) is common to all sufficiently explored Earth biota, suggesting a common origin for protein biosynthesis in every known organism. The ancient events leading to this near-universal biological characteristic are manifestly of scientific importance. The accompanying text presents a detailed pathway for formation of the SGC, as well as a method for identifying essential origin events. Significantly, the SGC can evolve using only well-characterized chemical, biochemical, and physical mechanisms, paralleling other known evolutionary transitions.
Ventral pallidum regulates the default mode network, controlling transitions between internally and externally guided behavior
Authors: Klaassen Arndt-Lukas , Heiniger Anne , Vaca Sánchez Pilar , Harvey Michael A. , Rainer Gregor 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Many routine, inwardly focused behaviors require little attention and can be carried out automatically. However, environmental changes can necessitate a modification of routine behaviors, and this requires external focus. The default mode network (DMN) becomes active during the performance of routine tasks and is deactivated during new learning. Using an optogenetic approach, we show that activation of the ventral pallidum (VP), a subcortical node of the DMN, keeps animals in an inwardly focused state, severely compromising new learning. Conversely, VP inactivation allows escape from automatized behavior, conferring a learning advantage. We suggest that the VP plays a critical role in global brain state transitions between periods of outward focus and DMN states favoring behaviors reliant on learned internal schemata.
MicroED structure of the human adenosine receptor determined from a single nanocrystal in LCP
Authors: Martynowycz Michael W. , Shiriaeva Anna , Ge Xuanrui , Hattne Johan , Nannenga Brent L. , Cherezov Vadim , Gonen Tamir 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) is a cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) method that determines protein structures from submicron crystals. G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane proteins that are critically important drug targets. These proteins require crystallization in lipidic cubic phase (LCP), making standard MicroED approaches intractable for investigating these samples. Here, we show that GPCR microcrystals grown in an LCP can be made amenable for MicroED by converting the LCP to the sponge phase and then ion-beam milling the crystals into thin lamellae. Our findings provide the basis for solving GPCR structures using MicroED, with future applications in structure-based drug discovery.
Development properties of aluminum matrix composites reinforced by particles of boron carbide
Authors: Alattar A L , Yu Bazhin V 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Composite materials are an important class of economical structural materials with unique properties that expand the scope of mechanical engineering in various industries. One of the most interesting metal composite materials is metal structures with low cost of reinforcement and availability for mass production. Due to the development of the structural requirements of some aircraft components, the development of the accelerated aging process becomes necessary to observe and understand the aging of aluminum alloys and predict the effect of this process on the mechanical behaviors of these alloys under temperature. In this research boron carbide (B4C) is reinforced in the aluminum matrix composites to increase the more conductivity and characterized for their mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength. Al-5%Cu aluminum alloy metal matrix composites will be reinforced with Boron Carbide (B4C) particles up to 2, 5 and 7 % was produced by stir casting. Particulates may subsequently add using the squeeze casting process. The squeeze casting technique decreased the porosity of the final composites. The modes of aging of MMC reinforced with B4C particles are determined. It is shown that when aging at 225 °C with an increase in the content of B4C particles to 7%, the maximum hardness is reached after 7 hours, while in the matrix alloy after 9 hours. Aging at 250 °C reduces the time to reach maximum hardness by 1 hour.
Development and evaluation of the efficiency of using biopolymers of the low-density polyethylene/natural rubber composition for the production of products with a short service life, taking into account the requirements of the “Green economy”
Authors: Varyan I. A. , Bobkov A. L. , Kolesnikova N.N. 
Published: August 2021

Abstracts
The authors consider the use of biopolymers of low-density polyethylene and natural rubber composition for the production of products with their short service life based on the developed formulation and production technology. In this study several compositions of biopolymers of the proposed formulation there are considered their physical and chemical properties, and the efficiency of using such biopolymers is calculated considering the characteristics of their biodegradation. It is shown that biopolymers of the PE/NR composition with natural rubber content of at least 40% have acceptable biodegradation characteristics. The authors performed calculations to evaluate the efficiency of production of biopolymers of low-density polyethylene and natural rubber compositions, which showed high investment attractiveness of such projects.
Methods for experimental research of carbon fiber reinforced plastics with damages for fan blades
Authors: Palchikov D S 
Published: August 2021

Annotation
The paper is devoted to the methods of experimental studies of carbon fiber reinforced plastics strength with damage of various categories. The first part of the work is devoted to the analysis of the existing damage classification for aircraft parts made of polymer composite material, as well as the development of a quasi-static punching method for their application to carbon fiber samples. In the second part of the work, experimental studies of the residual tensile strength of carbon fiber T144 with damages of various categories are presented. The dependence of the residual tensile strength on the punching energy is obtained. Based on the obtained data and recommendations of the FAA, the permissible levels of tensile stresses for carbon fiber T144 were 529 MPa, which is two times higher than the calculated level of the CIAM fan blade model tensile stresses from this material in the operating mode. The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project No. 18-29-18071\18.
Energy-efficient furnace for basalt fiber production
Authors: Strogonov K V 
Published: August 2021

Annotation
In recent years, the production of products made of composite materials based on carbon fiber, glass fiber, and basalt fiber has been developing. Composite products based on continuous basalt fiber are becoming more and more widespread, since basalt is practically an inexhaustible raw material and is actually prepared by nature for use. This article suggests the design of a melting furnace, since the melting process is the most energy-intensive in the production of fiber. The article provides a list of heat engineering principles necessary for creating an energy-efficient furnace, such as the maximum heating of basalt by waste gases, Gorenje fuel directly in the basalt melt and the organization of the melt barbatage, heating of the gas-air mixture and the use of vacuum in the melt clarification zone. This paper presents the results of a demonstration study on physical models showing the operation of the bubbling layer, the saturation of the melt with gas bubbles, and the process of removing visible gas inclusions. The final part of the article presents the results of evaluating the performance and energy costs in the developed furnace.
Synthesis and properties of reactive oligoketones
Authors: Kharaev A M , Ch Bazheva R , Bazhev A Z , Inarkieva Z I , Martazanova R M , Barokova E B 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOligoketones based on 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethylene and 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl ketone were synthesized by the method of high-temperature polycondensation under the reaction of nucleophilic substitution; 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) ethylene and 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl ketone of varying degrees of polycondensation. Oligoketones have been obtained containing reactive end phenolate groups, which readily enter into polycondensation reactions to form various copolymers. The composition and structure, as well as the conditions for the synthesis of these oligoketones were investigated. The formation of oligomers of a given structure has been confirmed by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray structural analysis.
Copolyesters based on 3,5-dibrom-4-hydroxybenzoic acid chloranhydride
Authors: Kharaev A M , Ch Bazheva R , Kh Sultigova Z , Inarkieva Z I , Martazanova R M , Yu Khochuev I , Kharaeva R A 
Published: August 2021

AbstractModified copolyesters using 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid chloride have been synthesized by the method of low-temperature polycondensation (acceptor-catalytic polycondensation). The main laws governing the synthesis of copolyesters have been studied. It was found that the presence of bromine atoms reduces the reactivity of the hydroxyl group due to the steric effect, as well as due to the possible formation of a weak hydrogen bond between the bromine and hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl group. The main physical and mechanical characteristics of the synthesized copolyesters have been investigated. Copolyesters are heat- and fire-resistant high-strength polymers that can be used in various industries as non-combustible heat-resistant structural polymer materials.
Polyarylene ether ketone copolymers and their primary properties
Authors: Storoszhuk I P , Kallinnikov A N , Borodulin A S , Pavlukovich N G , Alekseev V M 
Published: August 2021

Abstracts
Amorphous soluble thermoplastic polyarylene ether ketone copolymers based on mixtures of bisphenols and benzophenone dihalides with glass transition temperature of 190-240°C were synthesized, and are considered to be promising as a polymer matrix for thermoplastic prepregs reinforced with carbon and glass fibers.
Testing and selection of counterbody material for operating in abrasive conditions
Authors: Matveeva V A , Kozlova Y S , Razumova S N , Plokhikh A I 
Published: August 2021

Abstracts
Materials that can serve as a substitute for hard tissues of a human tooth in abrasion tests of toothbrushes were reviewed. The microstructure of hard dental tissues was studied using a light microscope. Microhardness was measured on slices of the intact third molars and the outer surface of the incisors. It was established that the selection of the counterbody material in tribological tests of toothbrushes was reduced to the search for a tooth enamel analog.
Influence of a mixture of calcium and zinc stearates on the thermal and mechanical properties of PVC plastic
Authors: Borukaev T A , Kharaev A M , Kh Shaov A , Kh Salamov A , Borodulin A S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A complex stabilizer based on a mixture of calcium and zinc stearates was developed, which was used to replace the tribasic lead sulphate in the formulation of cable polyvinyl chloride plasticate. The influence of a complex stabilizer on the basic physical and mechanical properties of cable polyvinyl chloride plasticate is investigated. It was found that the use of a complex stabilizer in the formulation of cable polyvinyl chloride plasticate does not lead to a decrease in the thermal, technological and operational characteristics of the material. It is shown that the thermal properties of the cable compound containing a complex stabilizer remains at the level of the original plastic. This is due to the ability of the complex stabilizer to effectively bind hydrogen chloride released during the destruction of the polymer matrix. It is established that the cable polyvinyl chloride plasticate containing in the formulation of a complex stabilizer in its mechanical characteristics is not inferior to the industrial compound, and in some respects surpasses it.
Advances in tailored fiber placement technology
Authors: Khodunov A A , Bogachev V V , Borodulin A S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The article presents an overview of the world trends in the development of the tailored fiber placement technology (TFP), which allows to obtain volume-reinforced preforms for layered composites with increased physical and mechanical properties. Primary factors hindering the large-scale implementation of the TFP process in mass production are identified. The main achievements and capabilities of the technology are presented and promising research directions for its further development are proposed.