bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant activities of roots, leaves, and stems of carrot (Daucus carota L.) using DPPH and FRAP methods
Authors: Hartati R  , Amalina M N  , Fidrianny I  
Published: March 2021

Free radicals are chemical species with unpaired electrons in their outer orbital that can attack other molecules, causing cell oxidative damage and degenerative diseases. Free radicals can be prevented by antioxidant. An antioxidant can be found in nature as secondary metabolites in plants, such as carrot (Daucus carota L.). This research was conducted to study the antioxidant activities of roots, leaves, and stems of carrot extracts using DPPH and FRAP methods, determine total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), analyse the correlation between TPC and TFC with AAI DPPH and FRAP, and the correlation between two methods. The sample was extracted by reflux using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Determination of TPC, TFC, AAI DPPH and FRAP was performed using UV-visible spectrophotometry. Correlation of TPC and TFC with AAI DPPH and FRAP and also the correlation between the two methods were conducted using Pearson's method. Ethyl acetate carrot leaves extract showed the highest TPC and TFC (8.88 ± 0.44 g GAE/100 g and 9.00 ± 0.31 g QE/100 g). AAI DPPH of carrot extract in the range of 0.16 – 1.42, meanwhile AAI FRAP 1.89 – 5.45. TPC and TFC of carrot roots extract showed a significantly positive correlation with AAI DPPH and FRAP. AAI DPPH and FRAP of carrot roots extract gave a significantly positive correlation. Ethyl acetate and ethanol carrot leave extracts were strong to very strong antioxidant by DPPH and FRAP methods. TPC and TFC in carrot roots extract contributed to antioxidant activities by DPPH and FRAP. DPPH and FRAP presented linear results in antioxidant activities of carrot roots extract.
Efficiency assessment of optimizing the schedule of urban passenger transport on duplicate sections
Authors: Azemsha S. A. , Kravchenia I. N. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. One of the quality indicators of urban passenger transport services is regularity of route vehicles, which directly depends on a well-designed schedule. An urgent task is to optimize urban passenger transport schedule in response to the improvement in passenger service quality. The purpose of this work is to develop alignment technique of time intervals between consecutive vehicles of different routes on duplicate sections and efficiency assessment of its application.Materials and methods. Optimization technique includes some steps: analysis of public transport network, determining a lot of duplicate sections and their characteristics, calculation the optimal time intervals among arrivals of route vehicles and alignment this intervals among consecutive route vehicles on duplicate sections, analysis of the quality of adjusted schedule of route vehicles and calculating the effect. The simulation model of urban passenger transport within simulation modelling system GPSS World is realized. It allows testing optimization technique of route vehicle scheduling.Conclusions. Adjusting technique of urban passenger transport schedule allows to increase movement steadiness of consecutive vehicles of different routes on duplicate sections, adjust traffic intervals for each route, shorten the traffic load on stations, reducing idle time and queue lengths of route vehicles in front of transport stops and also minimize waiting time for route vehicle by those passengers, who can be transported along several routes.Application. The described technique was tasted in the existing transport network of Gomel.Value. The obtained optimization results can be used by carriers and transport operators to improve the quality of services provided.
MENGGUNAKAN MAPLE SEBAGAI ALAT BANTU PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BAGI MAHASISWA INFORMATIKA
Authors: Noor Rina Candra 
Published: March 2021

<span class="hps">Tujuan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">setiap lembaga</span><span> </span><span class="hps">pendidikan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">untuk</span><span> </span><span class="hps">mempersiapkan siswa</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dengan kemampuan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">untuk mengeksplorasi</span><span> </span><span class="hps">atau mengembangkan</span><span class="hps">ilmu pengetahuan serta</span><span> </span><span class="hps">teknologi.</span><span> </span><span class="hps">di informatika</span><span> </span><span class="hps">institusi</span><span>, tujuannya</span><span> </span><span class="hps">naik</span><span> </span><span class="hps">pertanyaan yang menarik</span><span> </span><span class="hps">"bagaimana membuat</span><span> </span><span class="hps">ilmu pengetahuan alam</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dapat mendukung</span><span> </span><span class="hps">keterampilan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">di bidang</span><span> </span><span class="hps">Informatika</span><span>?"</span><br /><br /><span class="hps">Artikel ini menjelaskan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">sebuah software yang disebut</span><span> </span><span class="hps">maple</span><span> </span><span class="hps">tha</span><span> </span><span class="hps">matematika</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dukungan dalam</span><span> </span><span class="hps">numerik,</span><span> </span><span class="hps">simbolik, dan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dalam penggunaan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">grafis.</span>
STUDI TERHADAP MAHASISWA USM UNTUK MELIHAT DAMPAK NEGATIF MEROKOK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SPSS 12
Authors: Vydia Vensy 
Published: March 2021

<p>Sering kali, apabila pada situasi menuntut kita untuk mengambil tindakan keputusan, kita harus memutuskan untuk memilih satu dari dua atau lebih alternatif tindakan yang dapat diambil. Pilihan akan sederhana jika setiap tindakan hanya memiliki satu konsekuensi dan konsekuensi tersebut diketahui secara pasti, sehingga pengambilan keputusan memilih tindakan yang memiliki konsekuensi paling sesuai dengan keinginan kita. Dengan kata lain, pengambilan keputusan cenderung pada kemungkinan-kemungkinan yang memiliki konsekuensi akan terjadi.</p><p>Adalah suatu aturan tertentu untuk mengambil keputusan dengan menggambarkan proses yang digunakan untuk memilih suatu tindakan sebagai cara pememcahan masalah yang disebut dengan sistem pendukung pengambilan keputusan atau <em>decision support system</em>. Sedangkan <strong><em>statistik</em></strong> merupakan suatu teknik pengumpulan hasil analisa yang didapat dari observasi dan lain dari sampel yang ada. Jadi pengambilan keputusan jika dilihat dari sudut pandang teori pengambilan keputusan secara statistik, adalah suatu situasi pengambilan keputusan pada kondisi tidak pasti, yang dinyatakan dalam bentuk tabel, diagram, polygon, histogram an lain sebagainya yang mendeskripsikan situasi tersebut. Dimana mereka ( diagram, polygon, histogram ) mengidentifikasikan keuntungan maksimal dan kerugian minimal yang didapat untuk memungkinkan diwujudkan dalam bentuk tindakan, berikut berikut alternatif yang ada. Selain itu hasil dari analisa juga mengidentifikasikan probabilitas untuk setiap kejadian yang saling meniadakan ( <em>utually exclusive </em>)</p>
SIMULASI PENSAKLARAN OTOMATIS PARALEL PORT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TURBO PASCAL
Authors: Noor Rina Candra 
Published: March 2021

<span class="hps">Komputer merupakan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">alat</span><span> </span><span class="hps">bagi manusia</span><span> </span><span class="hps">yang</span><span> </span><span class="hps">sangat</span><span> </span><span class="hps">diperlukan bahwa</span><span> </span><span class="hps">baik</span><span> </span><span class="hps">berada di</span><span> </span><span class="hps">bekerja di rumah</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dan kantor.</span><span> </span><span class="hps">komputer dapat</span><span> </span><span class="hps">mengatakan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">juga merupakan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">PC yang</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dapat melakukan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">karya-karya</span><span> </span><span class="hps">manusia</span><span> </span><span class="hps">yang tidak membutuhkan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">waktu</span><span> </span><span class="hps">banyak</span><span>.</span><span class="hps">untuk</span><span> </span><span class="hps">hasil</span><span> </span><span class="hps">output pada</span><span> </span><span class="hps">komputer yang</span><span> </span><span class="hps">maksimal</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dan baik</span><span> </span><span class="hps">harus menggunakan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">perangkat</span><span> </span><span class="hps">output</span><span> </span><span class="hps">kejahatan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">tidak.</span>
THE EFFECT OF POPULATION DYNAMICS ON FOREST COVER IN DARO LEBU WEREDA, WEST HARARGHE ZONE, OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Legese Delelegy , Roba Alemayehu Diriba 
Published: March 2021

Forest is one of renewable land properties which endowed with numerous resources that are valuable to man. The quality of the environment is constantly losing its status due to increase in population size in most countries of the world. The general objective of this study was to assess the effect of population dynamics on forest cover in West Hararghe Zone in general and Daro Labu Wereda (DLW) in particular. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the target population of this study whose total number was 364 households from four kebeles of DLW. Questionnaire, interview, FGD and satellite imagery used as data gathering tools for this study. The quantitative data of this study were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the qualitative data were discussed and interpreted through narration. As the result in this study a mixed method was used. This study is triangulation study in its design. The study was found out that population dynamics had contributed a lot to deforestation of the wereda under the study through agricultural land expansion, settlement, fuel wood gathering and illegal tree cutting. Thus due to population growth, lack of alternative livelihood approach, ruthless profit making, lack of economic transformation human encroachment and lack of alternative sources of energy. Population growth had contributed greatly to forest deforestation especially as it affected the forest covers. The major findings were observed that expansion for cultivated and settlement LULC classes rapidly increased from1973 to 2013 on the contrary forest and shrub lands decreased in DLW due to population dynamics and human encroachment in the forest cover. Therefore, there is an urgent need with government for the various stakeholders in environmental resource management to provide mechanism that can prevent the forest cover from further reduction in the study area.
EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF LOGISTICS FUNCTIONS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ORGANIZATION
Authors: AYANTOYINBO Boye , GBADEGESIN Adeolu 
Published: March 2021

The contributions of logistics functions to the performance of an organization have been the subject of research over the years. Thus, this present study further examined the effect of outbound logistics functions on financial performance of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Panel data regression analysis was employed to test the effect of logistics functions on financial performance of the selected companies over a period of five years (2015-2019). Logistic functions costs and financial performance indicators were extracted from secondary data. The findings of the study showed that logistics function has a positive and significant effect on financial performance of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Therefore, the companies are implored to pay more attention to logistics functions when aiming at a better financial performance.
Pendampingan Rubrik Penilaian BDR bagi Guru SD Kota Bengkulu Semasa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Winarni Endang Widi , Hambali Daimun , Purwandari Endina Putri 
Published: March 2021

Kejadian Pandemi COVID-19 mengakibatkan kegiatan pembelajaran siswa dilaksanakan di rumah atau Belajar Dari Rumah (BDR). Keadaan penanggulangan darurat bencana dengan adanya Kejadian Luar Biasa COVID-19 ini memaksa guru dan warga sekolah untuk menyesuaikan kegiatan belajar mengajar sesuai dengan kondisi siswa dan orang tua di rumah. Hal ini menyebabkan, kualitas BDR di setiap keluarga berbeda-beda, karena tidak adanya rubrik penilaian proses dan belajar siswa yang standar untuk setiap orang tua untuk mencapai proses belajar yang bermakna selama masa darurat COVID-19. Tujuan kegiatan yaitu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru SD dalam pembuatan rubrik penilaian proses dan hasil belajar siswa yang terstandarisasi sebagai panduan/pedoman bagi orang tua menjalankan kebijakan BDR. Kegiatan pendampingan guru ini menggunakan metode social learning dengan empat fase yakni fase perhatian, fase retensi, fase reproduksi, dan fase motivasi. Sasaran kegiatan adalah Gugus SD Se-Kota Bengkulu. Melalui rubrik ini dapat mewujudkan prinsip penilaian yang transparan, objektif, adil, efisien, dan akuntabel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan dapat ditarik kesimpulan sebagai berikut: (1) peningkatan pengetahuan guru paling tinggi pada aspek implementasi penugasan siswa saat BDR secara terintegrasi. (2) peningkatan pengetahuan rubrik pada aspek ketepatan jawaban dan kemunculan gagasan lain/baru. (3) peningkatan keterampilan paling tinggi pada aspek menentukan tema penugasan/proyek mingguan.
Program Pendampingan Kegiatan Kompetisi Sains Nasional Bidang Biologi Siswa SMAN 5 Bandar Lampung
Authors: Maulina Dina , Pramudiyanti Pramudiyanti , Rakhmawati Ismi , Meriza Nadya 
Published: March 2021

Kompetisi Sains Nasional (KSN) memberikan peluang bagi siswa untuk berkompetisi dalam bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Kegiatan ini merupakan agenda tahunan yang diselenggarakan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudaya­an. Kegiatan Program pendampingan ini bertujuan untuk mem­berikan pemantapan dan pendalaman materi biologi SMA, yang meliputi: (1) Biologi Sel Molekuler, Mikrobiologi, dan Bioteknologi, (2) Anatomi dan Fisiologi Tumbuhan, (3) Anatomi dan Fisiologi Hewan, (4) Genetika dan Evolusi, (5) Etologi, (6) Ekologi, dan (7) Biosistematik pada program pembina­an olimpiade Biologi bagi siswa terseleksi tingkat kota/kabupaten. Metode yang digunakan adalah menerapkan strategi kontekstual, melalui metode praktik terbimbing dengan pemecahan masalah yang dihadapi siswa peserta olimpiade mengenai pemahaman dan kedalaman materi KSN bidang biologi. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan ini bertempat di labora­torium pembelajaran FKIP Unila dan Aula Perpustakaan SMAN 5 Bandar Lampung yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2020. Peserta kegiatan adalah siswa SMA yang telah terseleksi kegiatan KSN Biologi tingkat sekolah yang berjumlah 11 orang peserta. Hasil kegiatan pen­damping­an menunjukkan adanya peningkatan penerapan iptek bagi siswa yang terukur sebagai output melalui lolosnya peserta pada tingkat 4 dan 10 besar tahapan KSN Tingkat Provinsi Lampung. Hal ini membawa dampak pe­ning­katan signifikan terhadap pemahaman siswa di SMAN 5 Bandar Lampung, yang sebelumnya belum pernah lolos kegiatan KSN Bidang Biologi pada tingkat Provinsi.
Philo and Josephus on the Fidelity of Judeans
Authors: Eyl Jennifer 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The first century sees a substantial rise in the frequency with which Greek speaking authors discuss pistis (here, understood as fidelity, trust, confidence, proof). The authors who use pistis the most include Philo, Paul, and Josephus. This suggests that while many people are thinking about fidelity, ethnic Judeans are thinking about it disproportionately. This essay focuses on two such authors, Philo and Josephus. I argue that both Judeans claim fidelity to be a foundational national-ethnic characteristic, from the patriarchs to their own day. Furthermore, the article argues that this image of enduring Judean fidelity can be better understood within the context of living under the colonizing power of Rome – a principate that is equally preoccupied with fidelity (fides).
Permainan Pangkak Igik Karet Sebagai Media Berhitung
Authors: Yopa Yopa , Narasiska Devi , Nadia Nadia , Putra Yudi Yunika 
Published: March 2021

Permasalahan yang terjadi saat ini adalah kurangnya minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika sehingga kemampuan berhitung siswa cenderung lemah. Oleh karena itu, penulisan ini perlu dilakukan untuk dijadikan bahan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berhitung siswa melalui media berhitung yang di dalamnya terdapat permainan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan peran permainan pangkak igik karet sebagai media berhitung. Tetapi dalam kajian literatur ini tidak didapatkan data tentang permainan pangkak igik karet sehingga menggunakan data penelitian tentang permainan sebagai media berhitung. Tinjauan literatur (literature review) dipilih sebagai metode dalam penelitian ini dengan prosedur systematic review. Pengumpulan data berupa data sekunder berupa hasil penelitian yang telah diterbitkan dalam Online Journal System (OJS) dan buku yang relevan dengan kajian dengan jumlah 37 referensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) permainan pangkak igik karet dapat diasumsikan sebagai media belajar untuk membangun konsep berhitung siswa, (2) bagi siswa yang sudah mengenal konsep berhitung, permainan pangkak igik karet dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berhitung siswa, (3) permainan pangkak igik karet menyediakan lingkungan belajar yang menyenangkan yang dapat memotivasi siswa, dan (4) permainan pangkak igik karet sebagai media pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif siswa sehingga efektif diterapkan pada mata pelajaran matematika.
Keterlibatan Orang Tua dalam Penerapan Nilai-nilai Luhur Pendidikan Karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara
Authors: Apriliyanti Fressi , Hanurawan Fattah , Sobri Ahmad Yusuf 
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan keterlibatan orangtua dalam penerapan nilai-nilai luhur pendidikan karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara di PAUD. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kualitatif studi kasus. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah tematik analisis. Derajat keterpercayaan dalam penelitian ini dicapai dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bentuk keterlibatan orang tua antara lain paguyuban orang tua, komunikasi terbuka antara orang tua dan guru, kunjungan ke rumah, penjadwalan orang tua mengajar di kelas serta pendampingan anak di rumah. Diperoleh pula temuan mengenai hambatan yang dialami dalam pelibatan orang tua dalam penerapan pendidikan karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Penelitian ini memberikan beberapa rekomendasi untuk penelitian selanjutnya di masa mendatang
Economic Value of Agarwood and Its Prospects of Cultivation
Authors: Adhikari Suraj Raj , Pokhrel Kusum , Baral Sunil Dutta 
Published: March 2021

Aquilaria are genera of tropical trees that produces a valuable resinous wood called agarwood. Agarwood plant have been widely used as traditional medicines and Ayurvedic medicine. They are used for the treatment of arthritis, asthma, diarrhoea etc effects. It contains bioactive phytochemical sesquiterpenoids, 2 (-2-phenylethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one derivatives, genkwanins, mangiferins, cucurbitacins, other terpenoids and phenolic acids. Many pharmacological studies have been performed on anti-allergic, anti-cancer, anti-inﬂammatory, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, etc. The aromatic properties of agarwood when burned or distilled are extraordinary and there is high demand for the resinous wood to make incense, perfume and as traditional medicine. Aquilaria are native to northern India but over harvesting of this tree as well as other forest trees in the past has ravaged the hill country. With new technology that has been developed to induce agarwood in trees, it is now possible to produce a sustainable high valued agarwood in young plantation trees. The growing of Aquilaria in the hill agro-ecosystems of Nepal and cultivation of agarwood as a crop using new technology could provide a new economy for the region.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(1): 23-31
A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study to Assess the Pattern and Trends of Partial Edentulism in BPKIHS and its Teaching Districts
Authors: Parajuli Prakash Kumar , Basnet Bishal Babu , Limbu Indra Kumar , Suwal Pramita 
Published: March 2021

Background: Partial edentulism is the state of loss of one or more but not all natural teeth. Edentulism can affect the esthetics of an individual and can have a negative psychological impact. Recording the frequency of partial edentulism and its nature along with its association with different socio-demographic parameters helps to plan the treatment need and goals of the population in that locality. This cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the frequency of partial edentulism among the patients visiting the dental college of BPKIHS and its teaching district hospitals.
Methods: Two hundred partially edentulous patients were selected from four hospitals by purposive sampling and their socio-demographic parameters recorded. Intra-oral examination was done to classify partial edentulous spaces according to the Kennedy-Applegate system. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 11.5 and chi-square test was used to determine the association between independent (age-group, gender, socioeconomic status) and dependent variables (number of missing teeth).
Results: In both the arches, Kennedy’s class III was the most prevalent type of edentulism. In the maxillary arch, 44.5% had Kennedy’s class III edentulism whereas in the mandibular arch 34.5% had Class III. Kennedy’s class IV was least common (4% in maxillary arch and 6.5% in mandibular arch). Forty-five partially edentulous patients above 50 years of age had ≥ 4 teeth missing and 140 were from medium socio-economic status.
Conclusion: Kennedy’s class III partially edentulous arches were the most prevalent type of edentulousness with periodontal disease as major etiology. It was also seen that people with medium socio-economic status were more affected by tooth loss.
राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षामा विकासको पार्श्वचित्र Rashtria Surakshyama Bikasko Parshwachitra
Authors: गौतम Gautam असफल Asafal 
Published: March 2021

यात्राको गन्तव्यसग नेपथ्यको भविष्य जोडिएको हुन्छ । प्रस्तुत यात्राको गन्तव्य हिजो राष्ट्रको एकीकरण रवर्तमानसम्म आइपुग्दा राष्ट्रिय–अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय क्षेत्रमा शान्ति स्थापनार्थ उल्लेख्य भूमिकासहित उच्च छविबनाउन सक्षम नेपाली सेनाले आयोजना गरेको लेखरचना प्रतियोगिताको राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षा र विकासशीर्षकसग जोडिएको छ । यो आलेख राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षामा विकासको पाश्र्वचित्र कसरी अडेको छ भन्ने सन्दर्भमाकेद्रित रहेर तयार पारिएको छ ।
Photography as Archive
Authors: Qasmiyeh Yousif M. , Huq Omi Saiful 
Published: March 2021

In this interview, Yousif M. Qasmiyeh enters into conversation with Saiful Huq Omi, an award-winning photographer and filmmaker and founder of Counter Foto-A Centre for Visual Arts in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on issues spanning from photography in the era of COVID and what it means, in this situation of stasis and containment worldwide, to continue photographing; to the intimate as revealed by the photograph; photographing (across) different geographies and national borders; on Rohingya refugees as both the photographed and the unphotographed; the archive and the afterlives of photography; and, finally, how to envision an equitable future between the photographer and the photographed.In the form of poetic fragments, “The Human that is Lacking” offers a
response to Saiful Huq Omi’s photograph reproduced in these pages, in an attempt to “co-see” the image with the photographer. The image and its response sit alongside Yousif M. Qasmiyeh’s interview with the award-winning photographer and film-maker himself (also in this issue).