bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY IN THE PREVENTION OF CEREBRAL INJURY DURING SURGICAL CORRECTION OF CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Mikhailova Alyona A. , Ivkin Artem A. , Grigoriev Evgeny V. 
Published: February 2025

Highlights With the recent advancement in cardiopulmonary bypass techniques in pediatric cardiac surgery, the issue of organ protection during surgery is becoming more urgent, in particular cerebral protection is turning into one of the most important parts of patient management. The aim of this literature review is to determine the role of near-infrared spectroscopy among a variety of techniques for monitoring cerebral function. AbstractNear-infrared spectroscopy evaluates regional tissue perfusion and oxygenation of brain tissues during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Data on the correlation of laboratory markers of cerebral injury and indicators of cerebral oximetry in children make it possible to create effective strategies of cerebral protection and prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction as part of a comprehensive intraoperative assessment of the patient's condition. The aim of the article was to analyze the effectiveness of the near-infrared spectroscopy in cerebral protection during surgical correction of congenital heart defects with CPB in children. The search for Russian and English publications (up to 10 years old) was performed using the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, E-library. The keywords for the search were: “organ protection”, “congenital heart defects”, “children”, “cardiopulmonary bypass”, “near-infrared spectroscopy”. Publications that did not meet the specified criteria were excluded from the analysis. The findings substantiate the use of near-infrared spectroscopy to assess cerebral perfusion for the purpose of cerebral protection in children with congenital heart defects. The effectiveness of cerebral oximetry in various types of cardiac surgery with CPB in children has been shown. Near-infrared spectroscopy is a routine technique for assessing cerebral perfusion for the prevention of cerebral injury during cardiac surgery with CPB. The data presented in the review demonstrate the relationship between laboratory markers of cerebral injury and indicators of intraoperative cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy in children during cardiac surgery with CPB. Further research is needed to explore the prospects of the described method of cerebral protection.
THE ROLE OF CYTOKINES IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ORGAN DYSFUNCTION DURING OPEN HEART SURGERY
Authors: Kuzmichkina Maria A. , Kaveshnikov Vladimir S. 
Published: February 2025

HighlightsThe article presents an analysis of works on systemic inflammatory response that occurs during cardiac surgery, as well as research data on promising pharmacological strategies and the results of experimental research aimed at reducing the inflammatory response. Moreover, the authors proposed technological solutions to reduce the release of cytokines during cardiopulmonary bypass. AbstractThe increase in the number of surgical revascularization procedures is one of the many reasons for the study of predictors of poor long-term prognosis after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Recently, the issues associated with systemic inflammatory response have become even more urgent since cytokines play an important role in critical conditions. The aim of this work was to analyze the available data on the role of cytokines in CABG. The article presents research data reflecting the importance of studying the changes in tumor necrosis α (TNFα) and interleukins (IL), and the analysis of data on the impact of the types of circulatory assist devices on changes in cytokine concentration. The authors evaluated the possible pharmacological strategies to reduce the systemic inflammatory response, and obtained data on the possibility of using methylprednisolone, colchicine, and pentoxifylline in cardiac surgery patients to reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Experimental studies on the use of adenosine and monoclonal anti-TNFα antibodies seem promising due to a decrease in myocardial and lung injury. Numerous studies in this area confirm the need to develop methods for effective reduction of the inflammatory response after surgical myocardial revascularization.
SUCCESSFUL CORRECTION OF TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT VESSELS USING EXTRACORPOREAL METHODS IN AN INFANT AGED 52 DAYS: CASE REPORT
Authors: Ivkin Artem A. , Balakhnin Dmitry G. , Mikhailova Alyona A. 
Published: February 2025

HighlightsCardiopulmonary bypass that is necessary for the surgical correction of congenital heart defects in children can induce systemic inflammation and lead to organ failure. Renal replacement therapy for acute renal injury after heart surgery in children is an effective method of kidney function substitution in the postoperative period comparable to peritoneal dialysis widely used in this category of patients. This case report presents a successful patient recovery after incorporation of this technique into the surgical treatment. AbstractThe use of cardiopulmonary bypass during surgical correction of congenital heart defects in children can significantly damage the child's organism, which is widely reported in medical field. This negative impact is associated with morphofunctional immaturity of child's organs and caused by using extracorporeal circuits. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the use of renal replacement therapy for kidney injury in the postoperative period of correction of congenital heart disease in a child aged 52 days with transposition of the great vessels. The child's condition was stabilized as a result of surgical intervention and the use of renal replacement therapy to treat the complications of acute kidney injury. The patient was transferred to a specialized Cardiac Surgery Department, where they successfully finished rehabilitation.
MOLECULAR GENETIC RESPONSE OF ENDOTHELIAL CELLS TO DOXORUBICIN EXPOSURE: RESULTS OF IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDY
Authors: Sinitskaya Anna V. , Khutornaya Mariya V. , Hryachkova Oksana N. , Poddubnyak Alena O. , Asanov Maxim A. , Klueva Anastasia A. , Sinitsky Maxim Yu. 
Published: February 2025

Highlights Doxorubicin is an anthracycline–type antibiotic used to treat certain forms of cancer, the use of which is associated with the development of a number of complications in the cardiovascular system.In vitro and in vivo experiments using primary endothelial cells of the coronary and internal thoracic arteries and normolipidemic Wistar rats have shown that exposure to doxorubicin leads to a change in the gene expression profile of endothelial cells, indicating a minor disruption of key links in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction. AbstractAim. To assess the expression profile of endothelial dysfunction marker genes in endothelial cells exposed to doxorubicin in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Method. The study included commercial cultures of primary human coronary and internal thoracic artery endothelial cells exposed to 2 μg/mL doxorubicin for 24 hours, and normolipidemic Wistar rats, which were injected with 2 μg/kg of body weight doxorubicin into the tail vein for four weeks. Endothelial dysfunction was assessed by measuring the expression of VCAM1, ICAM1, SELE, SELP, IL6, CXCL8, CCL2, CXCL1, MIF, VWF, SERPINE1, PLAU, PLAT, KLF2, KLF4, NFE2L2, NOS3, SNAI1, SNAI2, TWIST1, ZEB1, CDH5 and CDH2 genes in endothelial cell lysate and in endothelial monolayer washed from rat descending aorta using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results. 2 μg/mL doxorubicin exposure is associated with upregulation of IL6, CXCL8 and CCL2 genes in both HCAEC and HITAEC, and downregulation of PECAM, MIF and NOS3 genes in HCAEC. The mRNA level of transcription factors ZEB1, VE-cadherin (CDH5) and CXCL1 was lower compared to the control in both cell lines. The assessment of gene expression in the endothelial lysate of aorta explanted from Wistar rats showed increased expression of the Ccl2 gene and the decreased expression of the Klf2, Plau, Nos3, Cdh2, Serpine and Vwf genes in the experimental group compared to the control.Conclusion. In vitro and in vivo experiments using primary coronary and internal mammary artery endothelial cells and normolipidemic Wistar rats showed that doxorubicin exposure leads to some changes in the gene expression profile of endothelial cells, indicating minor disruption of key links in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction.
Population structure of endemic Atlantic Forest spiny rats Trinomys dimidiatus and Trinomys iheringi (Echimyidae)
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo de Assis Passos , Vilasboa Anderson , Oliveira Marcione Brito , Bonvicino Cibele Rodrigues 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest has experienced a significant loss of its original vegetation, with more than 80% of the biome now comprising small and isolated fragments. To understand species distribution, it is crucial to comprehend the impact of fragmentation on species persistence within this biome. Previous phylogeographic inferences have indicated that Trinomys iheringi and T. dimidiatus are structured into two populations each. In this study, we employed a more comprehensive database to re-examine the phylogeography and conduct a detailed analysis of the demographic history and population structure of two Trinomys species. The results indicate that T. dimidiatus is structured into at least three populations clusters: Serra dos Órgãos, South Center of Serra do Mar, and North of Serra do Mar. T. iheringi is highly structured into two populations: São Paulo and Ilha Grande. The demographic analysis indicated that T. dimidiatus from Serra do Mar exhibited an expansionist trend previously the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In contrast, T. iheringi experienced an expansion of suitable areas onto the emergent continental shelf during the LGM. Additionally, T. iheringi includes an entirely isolated island population exhibiting no gene flow, and analysis suggests the presence of a new microendemic species. The results presented here indicate that Trinomys species have complex genetic structure patterns that show the importance of Atlantic Forest ecosystem conservation.
Habitat Risk Assessment of Himalayan Salamander Breeding Sites in the Darjeeling Hills
Authors: Roy Swastik Guha , Pandey Itisha , Goyal Kapish , Bhaduri Asani , Dawa Dorje 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Himalayan salamander (H.S.) Tylototriton himalayanus, one of the two salamander species found in India, is a vulnerable species. However, there is a lack of studies in recent years to assess the threats faced by H.S. due to habitat degradation, and other anthropogenic pressure including road kill. This study analyzes habitat change based on previous studies on about 37 salamander breeding sites in Darjeeling Hills. Land use land cover (LULC) thematic layers for the multitemporal periods 2018 and 2023 were created to observe changes in factors such as rangeland, build area, tree cover and change in water bodies over the years. Climate thematic layers of the watershed were created to see the variation in average annual temperature and rainfall. The results showed significant decrease in range land and water bodies along with decrease in annual rainfall and increasing annual temperature. The LULC predictions for the year 2028 were created using ANN and Logistic models to predict the changes in rangeland and water bodies respectively. The Road network analysis shows that there is an urgent need to strategically place road signs to avoid Salamander road kill especially on National Highway NH 55 and State Highway 12, which pass through several salamander habitats. Our study reveals about 13 key habitat sites that require immediate attention to save the already depleting natural terrain of Himalayan salamanders.
The Thigh PICC: A Novel Approach to Long- term Vascular Access in Palliative Care - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Mussa Baudolino , Tammaro Maria Grazia , Parisi Antonella , Defrancisco Barbara 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Vascular access in palliative care presents unique challenges when traditional sites are unavailable. This study introduces and evaluates the thigh Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC), a novel approach for patients with compromised superior vena cava access [1].
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from January 2017 to December 2021, examining outcomes of thigh PICC placements in palliative care patients. The technique involves ultrasound-guided placement in the common femoral vein with tunneling to a mid-thigh exit site [2, 3].
Results
65 patients received thigh PICCs (67.7% female, 32.3% male; 43.1% ≤60 years). Primary indications were palliative care (35.4%), palliative chemotherapy (38.5%), and parenteral nutrition (18.5%) [4]. Median device duration was 4 months (range: 10 days to 42.1 months). Overall complication rate was 20%, including clinical thrombosis (7.7%) [8], infection (7.7%) [9], and mechanical complications (6.1%).
Trial Registration
Not applicable (retrospective study)
Climate change in medical education: A cross-sectional study assessing knowledge and perceptions among future health care providers in Egypt
Authors: Elbayar Rana , Omar Yusof M , Elkholi Menna A. , Nagy Mahmoud , Mesbah Sarah M. , Elsherbeny Enas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Preparing future healthcare providers to address the adverse effects of climate change on human health begins in medical school. This study evaluated the integration of climate change into the medical curriculum and assessed the knowledge, perceptions, and awareness of climate change and its health impacts among future healthcare providers in Egypt.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 895 students from five universities, including public, private, and Al-Azhar medical schools. An online self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the students’ understanding of climate change, its health impacts, and their perceptions regarding its integration into the medical curriculum and the role of healthcare professionals in combating climate change. Data were analyzed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results:
Over half of the participants (55.1%) reported the inclusion of climate change health impacts in their curriculum. Climate change knowledge, perceptions, and health impacts had mean scores of 2.39 ± 1.09 (out of 4), 30.9 ± 4.8 (out of 41), and 8.54 ± 2.98 (out of 12), respectively. The inclusion of climate change content in curricula had no significant impact on these scores (p value = > 0.05). Nonetheless, two-thirds of participants (66.7%) agreed that climate change health impacts should be included in the curriculum, and 71.4% expressed interest in learning more about it.
Conclusion:
The study reveals a significant gap in the integration of climate change health impacts into the medical curriculum in Egypt. These findings emphasize the need for improved integration of climate change education to better prepare future healthcare providers.
Digital Phenotyping of Parkinson’s Disease via Natural Language Processing
Authors: Aresta Simona , Battista Petronilla , Palmirotta Cinzia , Tagliente Serena , Lagravinese Gianvito , Santacesaria Paola , Benzini Allegra , Mongelli Davide , Minafra Brigida , Lunetta Christian , García Adolfo M. , Salvatore Christian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Frontostriatal degeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with language deficits, which can be identified using natural language processing, a remarkable tool for digital phenotyping. Current evidence is limited in linguistic coverage and mostly blind to the disorder’s cognitive phenotypes. We validated an AI-driven approach to capture digital language markers of PD with and without mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI, PD-nMCI) relative to healthy controls (HCs). Analyzing the connected speech samples of participants, we extracted linguistic features with CLAN software. Classification was performed using Support Vector Machine and Recursive Feature Elimination. Discrimination between PD and HCs reached an AUC of 77%, with even better results for subgroup analyses (AUC 85% PD-nMCI vs. HCs; 83% PD-MCI vs. HCs; 75% PD-nMCI vs. PD-MCI). Key linguistic features included retracing ratio, action verb ratio, utterance error ratio, and verbless-utterance ratio, highlighting the foundational capabilities of linguistic digital markers for early diagnosis and phenotyping of PD.
Using Natural Language Processing to Explore Differences in Healthcare Professionals’ Language On Functional Neurological Disorders: A Comparative Topic and Sentiment Analysis Study
Authors: Mashuk Md Shadab , Lu Yang , Lai Lana YH , Shardlow Matthew , Saha Shumit , Williams Ashley , Lee Anna , Lloyd Sarah , Mohanraj Rajiv , Basilio Daniela Di 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Effective communication is essential for delivering quality healthcare, particularly for individuals with Functional Neurological Disorders (FND), who are often subject to misdiagnosis and stigmatising language that implies symptom fabrication. Variability in communication styles among healthcare professionals may contribute to these challenges, affecting patient understanding and care outcomes.
Methods
This study employed natural language processing (NLP) to analyse clinician-to-clinician and clinician-to-patient communication regarding FND. A total of 869 electronic health records (EHRs) were examined to assess differences in language use and emotional tone across various professionals—specifically, neurologists and psychologists—and different document types, such as discharge summaries and letters to general practitioners (GPs). Sentiment analysis was also applied to evaluate the emotional tone of communications.
Results
Findings revealed distinct communication patterns between neurologists and psychologists. Psychologists frequently used terms related to subjective experiences, such as ‘trauma’ and ‘awareness,’ aiming to help patients understand their diagnosis. In contrast, neurologists focused on medicalised narratives, emphasising symptoms like ‘seizures’ and clinical interventions, including assessment (‘telemetry’) and treatment (‘medication’). Sentiment analysis indicated that psychologists tended to use more positive and proactive language, whereas neurologists generally adopted a neutral or cautious tone.
Conclusions
These findings highlight significant differences in communication styles and emotional tones among professionals involved in FND care. The study underscores the importance of fostering integrated, multidisciplinary care pathways and developing standardised guidelines for clinical terminology in FND to improve communication and patient outcomes. Future research should explore how these communication patterns influence patient experiences and treatment adherence.
Impact of Advanced Simulated Case Scenarios on Medical Students' Perception of Non-Technical Skills: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Basher Momna , Mohamed Sami , Begum Amina , Zidoun Youness , Houni Ali El 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: Simulation-based medical education (SBME) has emerged as an innovative approach to enhancing both technical and non-technical skills (NTS) in medical education. NTS, encompassing communication, teamwork, and decision-making, are essential for patient safety and clinical outcomes. Perception of NTS development through simulated case scenarios, particularly in undergraduate medical education, is constantly being examined.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of advanced simulation-based case scenarios on final-year medical students’ perceptions of NTS, including communication, teamwork, and decision-making, and their role in improving patient care.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Dubai Medical University, involving 60 final-year female medical students. Participants engaged in five simulated case scenario sessions during their clinical rotation. Data was collected via a 5-point ordinal Likert scale structured questionnaire with parts adopted from the validated Observational Skill-based Clinical Assessment tool for Resuscitation (OSCAR), assessing perceptions of NTS and their influence on patient safety. Descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation were used for analysis utilizing the SPSS v29 software.
Results: Out of the total 60 included participants, most reported high levels of agreement on the importance of NTS, with mean scores ranging from 4.47 to 4.58 across constructs. Communication demonstrated the strongest correlation with perceived impact on patient safety (rho = 0.774, p < 0.001), followed by teamwork (rho = 0.760, p < 0.001) and decision-making (rho = 0.671, p < 0.001). Feedback sessions and structured debriefings based on the Pendleton model enhanced participants’ understanding and application of NTS.
Conclusion: Advanced simulated case scenarios incorporating structured briefing and debriefing positively influence NTS perception among medical students, in addition to their implications on patient safety and clinical outcomes. Future research should explore the integration of advanced technologies, such as virtual reality and artificial intelligence (AI). Longitudinal studies should evaluate real-world application of NTS in clinical settings as a result.
Socio-economic optimum of urban drainage expansion for climate change adaptation
Authors: Rosbjerg Dan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
The use of socio-economic methods for designing urban drainage expansion to account for climate change is gradually coming into praxis and has recently become mandatory in Denmark. A few different return periods for damaging rainfall must be selected, and the one that leads to the greatest net present value considering expenses as well as savings into account should be chosen. Here, a method is suggested that addresses a continuum of return periods of the damaging rainfall instead of selecting only a few return periods for comparison. Based on log-linear relations for the damage costs caused by rainfall and the cost of drainage expansion as functions of the rainfall return period, and by adopting continuous discounting, an optimal solution has been determined by minimizing the present value of all incurred costs. Alternatively, using a cost–benefit analysis, the net present value has been maximized leading to the same optimum. The method is shown to be robust and has been further extended to consider refinancing into account, to assess the socio-economic costs of delaying climate change adaptation and to apply a time-varying discount rate.
Movimentos Feministas e Mulheres nas organizações:
Authors: Reis Rosa Maria da Silva , Alves Gonçalves Raquel , Cardoso Campos Alyce 
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar o impacto dos movimentos feministas no contexto das organizações, com foco na jornada de trabalho e no equilíbrio entre trabalho e família das mulheres. Os movimentos feministas têm lutado por mudanças significativas, reivindicando políticas e práticas que promovam esse equilíbrio, como a redução da jornada de trabalho, flexibilidade de horários, licença parental igualitária e apoio à maternidade. Além das demandas dos movimentos feministas, as organizações também têm um papel relevante na promoção do equilíbrio entre trabalho e família. Isso inclui a implementação de políticas e práticas que apoiem a igualdade de gênero, diversidade e inclusão, bem como a criação de uma cultura organizacional que valorize esse equilíbrio. Foram realizadas entrevistas com mulheres casadas e solteiras, com filhos e sem filhos, que estão atualmente inseridas no mercado de trabalho, na cidade de Belo Horizonte - MG e região adjacente. Essa pesquisa pode contribuir para o diálogo contínuo sobre igualdade de gênero, apoiar o progresso social e fornecer insights e recomendações práticas para organizações e formuladores de políticas interessados em criar ambientes de trabalho mais justos e equilibrados.