bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatially variable hydrologic impact and biomass production tradeoffs associated with Eucalyptus (E. grandis) cultivation for biofuel production in Entre Rios, Argentina
Authors: Heidari Azad , Watkins David , Mayer Alex , Propato Tamara , Verón Santiago , de Abelleyra Diego 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClimate change and energy security promote using renewable sources of energy such as biofuels. High woody biomass production achieved from short‐rotation intensive plantations is a strategy that is increasing in many parts of the world. However, broad expansion of bioenergy feedstock production may have significant environmental consequences. This study investigates the watershed‐scale hydrological impacts of Eucalyptus (E. grandis) plantations for energy production in a humid subtropical watershed in Entre Rios province, Argentina. A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was calibrated and validated for streamflow, leaf area index (LAI), and biomass production cycles. The model was used to simulate various Eucalyptus plantation scenarios that followed physically based rules for land use conversion (in various extents and locations in the watershed) to study hydrological effects, biomass production, and the green water footprint of energy production. SWAT simulations indicated that the most limiting factor for plant growth was shallow soils causing seasonal water stress. This resulted in a wide range of biomass productivity throughout the watershed. An optimization algorithm was developed to find the best location for Eucalyptus development regarding highest productivity with least water impact. E. grandis plantations had higher evapotranspiration rates compared to existing terrestrial land cover classes; therefore, intensive land use conversion to E. grandis caused a decline in streamflow, with January through March being the most affected months. October was the least‐affected month hydrologically, since high rainfall rates overcame the canopy interception and higher ET rates of E. grandis in this month. Results indicate that, on average, producing 1 kg of biomass in this region uses 0.8 m3 of water, and the green water footprint of producing 1 m3 fuel is approximately 2150 m3 water, or 57 m3 water per GJ of energy, which is lower than reported values for wood‐based ethanol, sugar cane ethanol, and soybean biodiesel.
Perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness during the COVID‐19 state of emergency among community‐dwelling Japanese old‐old adults
Authors: Makizako Hyuma , Nakai Yuki , Shiratsuchi Daijo , Akanuma Tomomi , Yokoyama Kaori , Matsuzaki‐Kihara Yuriko , Yoshida Hiroto 
Published: February 2021

AimPerceived health status, including physical and cognitive fitness, will be negatively associated with future health conditions among old‐old adults. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has caused sudden changes in lifestyle. Thus, this study examined the associations of participation in an exercise class before the COVID‐19 pandemic and the exercise habits and disruption to the rhythms of daily life during the COVID‐19 state of emergency with perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness among community‐dwelling old‐old adults.MethodsIn July 2020, we carried out a mail survey of community‐dwelling old‐old adults aged between 77 and 99 years in Bibai, Hokkaido, Japan, to determine their perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness during the COVID‐19 state of emergency.ResultsOf the 774 responders, 339 (43.8%) participants reported a decline in physical fitness, whereas 259 (33.5%) perceived declining cognitive fitness during the COVID‐19 state of emergency. In a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounders, exercise habits during the COVID‐19 state of emergency were significantly associated with a lower perception of declining physical fitness. Disruption to the rhythms of daily life during the COVID‐19 state of emergency was significantly associated with a higher perception of declining physical and cognitive fitness.ConclusionsApproximately half and more than one‐third of community‐dwelling old‐old adults perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness, respectively, during the COVID‐19 state of emergency. During this period, exercise habits were positively correlated with perceived health status among old‐old adults, whereas disruption to the rhythms of daily life was negatively correlated. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 364–369.
Understanding the traditional mares’ milk industry’s transformation into a creative industry: Empirical evidence from Kazakhstan
Authors: Baibokonov Doszhan , Yang Yongzhong , Tang Yunyan , Hosain Md Sajjad 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to explore the core forces and drivers of the creative transformation of a traditional industry through the assessment of the mares’ milk industry (MMI). Using an exploratory single case study, this research reveals the main driver mechanisms and challenges of the creative transformation of a traditional industry using the case of the MMI in Kazakhstan. Grounded theory, along with in‐depth interviews of 36 MMI business staff in Kazakhstan, has been used in this study. The research identifies the following four key driving factors for transforming a commodity‐based traditional industry into a cultural creative emerging industry: National demand, ingenuity and creativity, affordance (support), and actors (attitudes, skills, and characteristics). This study also explores challenges, such as administrative negligence, the threat of losing authenticity, poor industry cooperation, and cultural branding. A sustainable transformation into a creative MMI requires the government to give its full attention to implementing existing‐related policies, emphasizing the role of authenticity, stressing the importance of industry cooperation, and promoting iconic branding. The study findings will help policy makers, administrators, and related stakeholders to understand the transformation of the MMI when developing related policy, strategy, and sustainable development. The findings can also serve as guidelines for other traditional agricultural sectors that are undergoing transformation into creative industries.
Impact of body size on first‐line Helicobacter pylori eradication success using vonoprazan and amoxicillin dual therapy
Authors: Eto Hiroyuki , Suzuki Sho , Kusano Chika , Ikehara Hisatomo , Ichijima Ryoji , Ito Hirotaka , Kawabe Koichi , Kawamura Masashi , Yoda Yoshioki , Nakahara Moriyasu , Gotoda Takuji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs a first‐line therapy for Helicobacter pylori, dual therapy with vonoprazan and amoxicillin (VA‐dual) provides an eradication rate similar to that of vonoprazan‐based triple therapy. As the factors associated with the eradication rate of H. pylori with VA‐dual are unknown,we investigated them in this study.Materials and MethodsOverall, 163 patients diagnosed with H. pylori infection received VA‐dual (vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily and amoxicillin 750 mg twice daily for 7 d). The association between successful H. pylori eradication and the following patient clinical factors was analyzed: sex, age, height, weight, body surface area (BSA), body mass index (BMI), history of early gastric carcinoma and peptic ulcer, comorbidity of cirrhosis, alcohol consumption habit, smoking habit, common use of proton pump inhibitors, and concomitant use of drugs that are substratesof cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4. The association between post‐eradication adverse events and clinical factors was analyzed retrospectively.ResultsSuccessful H. pylori eradication was associated with a lower BSA (eradication rate: 90.8% in patients with BSA <1.723 vs. 79.6% in those with BSA ≥1.723; p = 0.045). The incidence of adverse events was higher in women than in men (adverse events: 40.0% in women vs. 19.4% in men; p = 0.004).ConclusionsSuccessful H. pylori eradication with VA‐dual was associated with the small body size of patients. This therapy may have to be adjusted per body size.
Evaluating the effectiveness of the Family Connections program for caregivers of youth with mental health challenges, part I: A quantitative analysis
Authors: Boritz Tali Z. , Sheikhan Natasha Y. , Hawke Lisa D. , McMain Shelley F. , Henderson Joanna 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionCaregivers of youth with mental health (MH) challenges are often faced with complex problems in relation to caring for their youth. Family Connections™ (FC) is a 12‐week skills training program for families of individuals with MH challenges, developed originally for Borderline Personality Disorder. Research is needed to examine the effectiveness of FC for caregivers of youth with diverse MH challenges.ObjectiveTo examine the effectiveness of FC for caregivers of youth with MH challenges.MethodsA total of 94 caregivers of youth with MH challenges participated in FC, across three sites in Ontario, Canada. Assessments occurred at baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and follow‐up. Primary outcomes include the Burden Assessment Scale and The Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents. Secondary outcomes included the caregiver's report of child behaviour, affect, mastery, coping and grief. Linear mixed model analyses were conducted, where time and the time × site interaction were defined as the fixed effects.ResultsStatistically significant improvements over time were observed across outcome measures, including caregiver burden, grief, coping, and other measures. The time × site interaction was only significant for burden (P = .005).ConclusionThis study demonstrates the effectiveness of FC for caregivers of youth with MH challenges. Future research should focus on differences across geographical sites and facilitation models.Patient or public contributionCaregivers were involved in the facilitation of FC. A person with lived experience was involved in analysing the data, reporting the results, and drafting the manuscript.
The development of PAT‐HD: A co‐designed tool to promote physical activity in people with Huntington’s disease
Authors: Jones Una , Hamana Katy , O’Hara Fran , Busse Monica 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHuntington's disease (HD) is a genetic condition resulting in movement, behavioural and cognitive impairments. People with HD have low levels of physical activity which may be compounded by insufficient support from health‐care professionals.ObjectiveTo evaluate the initial acceptability of a co‐designed tool used within a HD clinic to promote physical activity.DesignCo‐design of a physical activity tool; acceptability evaluation.Setting and participantsCo‐design included people with HD and health‐care professionals. Acceptability was evaluated in a HD clinic in the UK.Main variables studiedA physical activity tool was co‐designed and used within a HD clinic.Main outcome measureAcceptability as assessed by semi‐structured interviews with members of the HD clinic.ResultsForty people visited the HD clinic; 19 were given physical activity advice. Themes around who, where and how promotion of physical activity could take place were identified; concepts of benefits and barriers were threads through each theme.DiscussionWe describe for the first time the co‐design of a HD specific physical activity tool. Our associated acceptability study emphasizes the importance of individualized planning of physical activities in complex neurodegenerative conditions. Perceived barriers were time and lack of knowledge of local resources.ConclusionsA simple tool can support conversations about physical activity with people with HD and is an aid to individualized goal setting. Exploring the use of PAT‐HD within a community setting and development of support systems for health‐care professionals and support workers who are in regular contact with people with HD is required.
The “Maskne” microbiome – pathophysiology and therapeutics
Authors: Teo Wan‐Lin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract“Maskne” is a new term coined during the 2020 COVID‐19 pandemic. It refers to a subset of acne mechanica, deserving consideration in view of widespread reusable fabric mask‐wearing to control the pandemic worldwide. Understanding of underlying pathophysiology directly relates to the novel skin microenvironment and textile–skin friction created by mask‐wearing, distinct from nontextile‐related acne mechanica previously linked to wearing of headgear. Specifically, the occlusive microenvironment leads to microbiome dysbiosis, which is linked to various dermatological conditions. Additional textile–skin interactions include factors such as breathability, stickiness sensations, moisture saturation, and hygiene maintenance. Increased skin temperatures can trigger sweat/heat‐related dermatoses, and ear loops potentially trigger pressure‐induced dermatoses. Important therapeutic considerations include increased skin irritation potential of conventional acne treatments under occlusion, exacerbation of chronic dermatoses, that is, perioral dermatitis, rosacea, and eczema, and susceptibility of these same patient groups to heightened discomfort with mask‐wearing. Cotton, as the traditional fabric of choice for dermatology patients, has limited benefits in the context of face masks – increased subjective discomfort relates to increased moisture saturation and stickiness, inevitable because of high biofluid load of the nasal and oral orifices. Prolonged textile–skin contact time, directly proportional to the risk of maskne, can be an opportunity for the application of biofunctional textiles.
Melanoma mortality in Spain: predictions up to 2043
Authors: García‐Souto Fernando , Durán‐Romero Antonio Jose , Pereyra‐Rodríguez Jose‐Juan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundMelanoma mortality rates are stabilizing and in certain regions and age groups are trending down. Although there are some studies that predict melanoma mortality in other countries, there are currently no studies that predict mortality in Spain in the coming years. The main aim of this study is to calculate melanoma mortality projections in Spain for the period 2019‐2043.MethodsThis is a population‐based ecological study that utilized information from the Spanish National Statistics Institute. Analysis included deaths as a result of cutaneous melanoma in Spain in the period 1979‐2018, and data was analyzed according to gender and age group. Projections were made until 2043 in five‐year periods, calculated in Nordpred (within the R software).ResultsOur estimates predict that in the period 2019‐2043, there will be 30,477.9 deaths from melanoma in Spain, with the age group of >85 years being the group with the highest number of deaths. The expected average annual death rate for melanoma in both genders for the period 2019‐2043 is 1,269.9 deaths / year. The predicted age‐standardized mortality rates varied between 4.62/100.000 inhabitants in the 2019‐2023 period and 3.94/100.000 inhabitants in the 2039‐2043 period.ConclusionsOverall mortality rate and age‐standardized melanoma death rates in older people of both genders will increase in the coming years in Spain, while rates in younger people will stabilize or decrease progressively. In the coming years, prevention efforts should focus on the young, but the emphasis should also be on educating the elderly in early detection of melanoma.
Investigating the presence of neutrophil extracellular traps in septal and lobular cutaneous panniculitides
Authors: Safi Rémi , El Hasbani Georges , Bardawil Tara , Abbas Ossama , Kibbi Abdul‐Ghani , Nassar Dany 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundPanniculitides are a heterogeneous group of inflammatory dermatoses involving the subcutaneous fatty tissue. Histologically, they are classified into septal and lobular panniculitis, according to the predominant localization of the inflammatory infiltrate. Neutrophils are frequently found in panniculitis, mainly at the early stages. Here, we investigated whether neutrophils contribute to various types of cutaneous panniculitis by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).Materials and MethodsFormalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded skin biopsies from 25 patients with panniculitis were included in the study. Our cohort was divided into n = 10 erythema nodosum (septal panniculitis) and n = 15 lobular panniculitis, including n = 7 lupus panniculitis, n = 1 pancreatic panniculitis, n = 1 Weber‐Christian disease, n = 1 deep fungal infection, n = 2 lipodermatosclerosis, and three cases did not have an identified etiology. The presence of neutrophils and NETs was assessed by double immunofluorescence using antibodies against elastase, a neutrophilic marker, and citrullinated histone 3, a marker of NETs.ResultsThe mean percentages (±SEM) of elastase‐positive neutrophils showing NETs were 44% ± 3% in erythema nodosum and 43% ± 7% in lobular panniculitis. The difference was not statistically significant and reflects the implication of NETs not only in severe scarring lobular panniculitis but also in benign non‐scarring self‐remitting reactive inflammation such as erythema nodosum. In tissues, NETs were located in the interlobular septa in erythema nodosum and in the inflamed fat lobules in lobular panniculitis.ConclusionsNETs are massively present in septal and lobular subtypes of panniculitides, suggesting their involvement in tissue damage.
The impacts of germinating organic wheat: effects on phytic acid, resistant starch, and functional properties of flour, and sensory attributes of sourdough bread
Authors: Stern Alexandra L. , Berstein Julia , Jones Stephen S. , Blumberg Jeffrey B. , Griffin Timothy S. 
Published: February 2021

SummaryThis study assessed the impact of germination duration on two varieties of wheat grown organically (Expresso and Syngenta SY Basalt (Basalt)). In Expresso, d‐glucose content increased from 0.06 g/100 g in the control to 0.55 g/100 g after a 24‐h germination period (P < 0.05). In both varieties, similar increases were observed for sucrose and maltose, and no pattern emerged for resistant starch or phytate. In Basalt, baseline phytate (0 h 1.07 g/100 g) did not differ from treatment groups (6 h 0.97 g/100 g; 12 h 0.98 g/100 g; 24 h 1.09 g/100 g; 36 h 0.98 g/100 g). Functional properties of flour decreased with germination duration and resulted in bread which panellists perceived to have inferior crumb (24 h Expresso; 36 h Basalt; P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in the overall acceptability of breads across treatments and inclusion of germinated wheat improved bread sweetness.
Négociation et performance: une analyse exhaustive et précise de l'effet de différents systèmes de négociation sur la productivité des entreprises
Authors: BRAAKMANN Nils , BRANDL Bernd 
Published: February 2021

RésuméS'appuyant sur des données représentatives au niveau des entreprises, disponibles pour l'ensemble de l'UE, les auteurs analysent la relation entre les processus et structures institutionnelles de négociation collective et l'évolution de la productivité du travail. Ils montrent que la nature du système de négociation a une influence marquée: certaines caractéristiques sont associées à une baisse de performance (notamment la présence d'un système de négociation sectorielle non coordonné), d'autres à une amélioration (systèmes sectoriels coordonnés). Plus que le caractère individuel ou collectif de la négociation, c'est donc bien la nature des processus et structures dans lesquels elle s'inscrit qui importe en la matière.
Parsing the mobilities of capital and labour: The case of Tim Hortons and internationally mobile Filipino workers
Authors: Bryan Catherine , Barber Pauline Gardiner 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn 2007, Canada expanded the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) to include service and hospitality sectors. By 2010, more migrants entered Canada with temporary visas than as permanent residents. While some found employment in hospitality and tourism, most were concentrated in the fast food sector. Working transnationally, this paper uses Tim Hortons’ concurrent global expansion and its arrival in the Philippines as a case study of the global mobilities and intersecting pathways of capital and labour. Drawing on the theoretical contributions of feminist political economy, it illustrates how the aspirations and mobilities of the Filipino workers at the centre of this study are organized in the service of capital; capital, in this example, as represented by the globally ambitious Tim Hortons’ parent corporation, Restaurant Brands International (RBI) and, more specifically, the Brazilian American global investment firm that owns and manages RBI, 3G Capital, as well as by the efforts and objectives of franchise holders.
Exploring initial school integration among Syrian refugee children
Authors: Guo Yan , Maitra Srabani , Guo Shibao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper explores the initial integration experiences of Syrian refugee children in schools in Canada. We conducted two focus groups with twelve Syrian refugee parents and three focus groups with eighteen children. Our research shows that Syrian refugee children experienced emotional barriers while struggling with their identity as Syrian “refugees.” Their low English proficiency, English only practice in classrooms and teachers’ low expectations further exacerbated the barriers to children's school integration. Syrian refugee children not only found it difficult to make friends with local students but were also subjected to constant bullying and racism that affected their sense of belonging and connection. Our research has both local and global implications, given a global increase in refugee student population. This paper makes an important contribution to the student voice theory by integrating the voices and concerns of Syrian refugee children trying to integrate into the Canadian school system.
Approach to the patient with early Parkinson disease: diagnosis and management
Authors: Kimber Thomas E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article presents an evidence‐based approach to the patient with newly diagnosed Parkinson disease (PD). It includes a discussion of the current understanding of the aetio‐pathogenesis of PD and of clinical features, both motor and non‐motor, that assist the clinician in making this diagnosis. An approach to the management of early stage PD is discussed, including emerging evidence of the benefits of physical exercise in this condition, and issues to consider in the selection of dopaminergic medication. The newly diagnosed patient with PD is often keen to know what the future holds for them, as they face this progressive neurodegenerative condition. While currently available medical therapies are symptomatic, rather than disease‐modifying, in nature, it is hoped that improved understanding of the aetio‐pathogenesis of PD will pave the way for future disease‐modifying therapies.
Treatment implications of a delayed diagnosis of maturity‐onset diabetes of the young
Authors: Ali Aleena S. , Brown Fran , Ekinci Elif I. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMaturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a rare form of monogeneic diabetes that classically presents as non‐insulin requiring diabetes with evidence of autosomal dominant inheritance in individuals who are typically young and lean. However, these criteria do not capture all cases and can also overlap with other types of diabetes. The hepatocyte nuclear factor‐1 alpha (HNF1A) mutation is a common cause of MODY and is highly sensitive to sulphonylureas, which should be first‐line therapy. Our case represents the diagnostic challenges of HNF1A MODY and the implications of a delayed diagnosis, which can lead to reduced success of sulphonylurea treatment.