bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictability of temporal variation in climate and the evolution of seasonal polyphenism in tropical butterfly communities
Authors: Halali Sridhar , Halali Dheeraj , Barlow Henry S. , Molleman Freerk , Kodandaramaiah Ullasa , Brakefield Paul M. , Brattström Oskar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity in heterogeneous environments can provide tight environment‐phenotype matching. However, the prerequisite is a reliable environmental cue(s) that enables organisms to use current environmental information to induce the development of a phenotype with high fitness in a forthcoming environment. Here, we quantify predictability in the timing of precipitation and temperature change to examine how this is associated with seasonal polyphenism in tropical Mycalesina butterflies. Seasonal precipitation in the tropics typically results in distinct selective environments, the wet and dry seasons, and changes in temperature can be a major environmental cue. We sampled communities of Mycalesina butterflies from two seasonal locations and one aseasonal location. Quantifying environmental predictability using wavelet analysis and Colwell's indices confirmed a strong periodicity of precipitation over a 12‐month period at both seasonal locations compared to the aseasonal one. However, temperature seasonality and periodicity differed between the two seasonal locations. We further show that: (a) most females from both seasonal locations synchronize their reproduction with the seasons by breeding in the wet season but arresting reproduction in the dry season. In contrast, all species breed throughout the year in the aseasonal location and (b) species from the seasonal locations, but not those from the aseasonal location, exhibited polyphenism in wing pattern traits (eyespot size). We conclude that seasonal precipitation and its predictability are primary factors shaping the evolution of polyphenism in Mycalesina butterflies, and populations or species secondarily evolve local adaptations for cue use that depend on the local variation in the environment.
Effects of salicylic acid combined with gas atmospheric control on postharvest quality and storage stability of wolfberries: Quality attributes and interaction evaluation
Authors: Xiang Wenjuan , Wang Hsiao‐Wen , Tian You , Sun Da‐Wen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWolfberry (Lycium barbarum) is abundant in bioactive substances but prone to rapid deterioration after harvest, and thus wolfberry is usually dried. However, drying of wolfberry requires high energy consumption and can normally lower wolfberry bioactive contents. Cold storage, edible coating, and modified atmosphere packaging have been developed to preserve wolfberry but scarce data are available on postharvest quality and storage stability. In particular, the combined effects of salicylic acid (SA) and control atmosphere (CA) on wolfberry quality have not been investigated. In the current study, SA and gas atmospheric control were applied either separately or in combination to explore changes in physiochemical properties during storage. Results showed that color quality and weight loss (WL) were the main indicators of quality change during storage, with high color quality and low WL representing excellent quality. SA and hypoxia (controlled and modified atmosphere conditions) could synergistically suppress respiration rate and antagonistically maintain ascorbic acid (AsA) and color quality, while SA could alleviate physiological disorder. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis verified that CA and SA + CA were excellent in enhancing the stability during storage and exhibited minimal quality deterioration. Thus, combining SA and gas atmospheric control could serve as a potential postharvest hurdle technology for preserving wolfberry.Practical ApplicationsAs a valuable and prestigious traditional Chinese medicine and food material, wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) is highly susceptible to mechanical damage after harvesting and presents a short shelf‐life due to rapid softening. Wolfberry is thus usually consumed in dry form. The current study investigated the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and control atmosphere (CA) applied either separately or in combination on the changes in physiochemical properties during storage, and results showed that both CA and SA + CA storages possessed excellent abilities in preserving fresh wolfberry fruit. Therefore, the current study indicated that combining SA and gas atmospheric control could serve as a potential postharvest hurdle technology for preserving wolfberry, which should be very useful for the agriculture and food industry.
Hyaluronic acid soft tissue filler delayed inflammatory reaction following COVID‐19 vaccination – A case report
Authors: Michon Alain 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe use of hyaluronic acid soft tissue fillers in aesthetic medicine exploded in recent years for many reasons, including being relatively safe. Incidence of delayed inflammatory reactions (DIRs) to hyaluronic acid soft tissue fillers range between 0.3% and 4.25%. These reactions are mediated by T‐lymphocytes and can be triggered by flu‐like illnesses, including SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Vaccination may also induce hypersensitivity.AimIn this case report, we present two cases of delayed reaction after hyaluronic acid soft tissue filler treatment of the tear trough area and following mRNA vaccination against SARS‐Cov‐2, also known as COVID‐19, months later.PatientsA 39‐year old female who previously had her tear trough area treated with hyaluronic acid soft tissue filler developed swelling days after getting the mRNA Pfizer‐BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccine. Another patient, a 61‐year‐olf female, developed intermittent facial swelling in areas previously treated with hyaluronic acid soft tissue fillers days after receiving her first dose of the mRNA Pfizer‐BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccine.ResultsAs demonstrated in our case report, vaccination against COVID‐19 may induce DIRs in patients who previously had hyaluronic soft tissue fillers.ConclusionDelayed inflammatory reactions to hyaluronic acid soft tissue fillers are uncommon and usually self‐limited, with frequent spontaneous resolution. However, considering the ongoing pandemic and the worldwide demand for vaccines against COVID‐19, the aesthetic providers should be conscious of the risks posed by the interaction of such vaccines in patients who previously had or seeking hyaluronic acid soft tissue filler injections.
Relationship satisfaction and commitment in the transition to parenthood: A couple‐centered approach
Authors: Leonhardt Nathan D. , Rosen Natalie O. , Dawson Samantha J. , Kim James J. , Johnson Matthew D. , Impett Emily A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo provide a more comprehensive understanding of couple relationship satisfaction, commitment, and the dynamic between the two over the transition to parenthood.BackgroundThe transition to parenthood is an ideal time to concurrently study relationship satisfaction and commitment, as this period is filled with familial transitions such as less couple time, more domestic labor, and the formation of parent–child relationships. These familial transitions require significant investments that may constrain people from leaving relationships, potentially leading to diverging relationship satisfaction and commitment trajectories.MethodWe conducted dyadic latent class growth analyses (DLCGA), assessing variability in relationship satisfaction and commitment trajectories across six time‐points (two prenatal) for 203 couples expecting their first child, through 12 months postpartum.ResultsWe identified four couple classes for relationship satisfaction and three couple classes for relationship commitment. There were 46% of couples who retained high satisfaction and commitment and another 35% of couples who retained moderately high satisfaction and high commitment. Couples reporting lower attachment avoidance, higher relational self‐expansion, and higher perceived partner commitment during pregnancy were more likely to be in classes that maintained high relationship satisfaction and commitment during the transition.ConclusionOur results contrast the prevailing narrative about relational declines during the transition to parenthood. Many couples retain high satisfaction and commitment into the first year of parenthood, with declines driven primarily by a minority of couples. Couples' commitment was particularly likely to be high and stable throughout the transition.
The use of protein binders and sorghum crisps as potential ingredients in a cereal bar for dogs
Authors: Pezzali Julia Guazzelli , Tsai Weilun , Koppel Kadri , Aldrich Charles Gregory 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of different protein binders and sorghum crisps in cereal bars for dogs and their effect on sensory properties, product texture, and dog preference. Fifteen cereal bars were developed in which three crisp sources (rice crisp, white and red sorghum crisp) and five sources of binders (corn syrup, spray dried plasma, gelatin, albumin, and egg product) were evaluated. An interaction effect between binder and crisp sources was found for textural properties (p <.05). A total of 103 volatile compounds were identified and semi‐quantified in the cereal bar samples, with aldehydes being the most represented. Unlike crisp source, protein binders played a major role on sensory properties and impacted the dog's preference. This study suggests that sorghum crisps and protein binders may be used in cereal bars for dogs; however, considerations regarding sensory attributes and dog's preference should be taken to maximize product acceptance.Practical applicationsThis is the first study to report information regarding the use of novel ingredients in a cereal bar application for dogs. The findings observed wherein provide a comprehensive understanding about product development and the impact of ingredients on final product quality, sensory properties, and animal preference. The methodologies and outcomes of our work can be directly translated to the pet food industry to aid in the development of dog treats.
NEW GEOCHEMICAL INSIGHTS INTO CENOZOIC SOURCE ROCKS IN AZERBAIJAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR PETROLEUM SYSTEMS IN THE SOUTH CASPIAN REGION
Authors: Aghayeva V. , Sachsenhofer R. F. , van Baak C.G.C. , Bechtel A. , Hoyle T. M. , Selby D. , Shiyanova N. , Vincent S. J. 
Published: June 2021

The Maikop Group and the Diatom Formation constitute the two main source rocks in the South Caspian Basin and onshore Azerbaijan where large‐scale oil production began more than 150 years ago. However, the stratigraphic distribution of the source rocks and the vertical variation of source‐rock parameters are still poorly understood. The aim of the present paper is therefore to investigate in high resolution the source‐rock distribution in the Perekishkyul and Islamdag outcrop sections, located 25 km NW of Baku, which provide nearly complete middle Eocene and lower Oligocene to upper Miocene successions. Bulk geochemical parameters of 376 samples together with maceral, biomarker and isotope data were analysed. In addition, new Re/Os data provide independent age dating for the base of the Upper Maikop Formation (30.0 ± 1.0 Ma) and the paper shale within the Diatom Formation (7.2 ± 2.6 Ma). The presence of steradienes in high concentrations demonstrates the thermal immaturity of the studied successions, limiting the application of some biomarker ratios.Intervals with high TOC contents and containing kerogen Type II occur near the top of the middle Eocene succession. However, because of the low net thickness, these sediments are not considered to constitute significant hydrocarbon (HC) source rocks. The Maikop Group in the Islamdag section is 364 m thick and represents lower Oligocene (upper Solenovian) to middle Miocene (Kozakhurian) levels. Samples are characterized by moderately high TOC contents (∼1.8 wt.%) but low hydrogen index (HI) values (average ∼120 mgHC/gTOC) despite a dominance of aquatic organic matter (diatoms, methanotrophic archaea and sulphate‐reducing bacteria). Rhenium‐osmium chronology suggests low sedimentation rates (∼25 m/Ma), which may have had a negative impact on organic matter preservation. Terrigenous organic matter occurs in variable but typically low amounts. If mature, the Maikop Group sediments at Islamdag could generate about 2.5 tHC/m2.The Diatom Formation includes a 60 m thick paper shale interval with high TOC contents (average 4.35 wt.%) of kerogen Type II‐I (HI up to 770 mgHC/gTOC). The source potential is higher (∼3 tHC/m2) than that of the Maikop Group. The organic matter is dominated by algal material including diatoms. High TOC/S ratios suggest deposition under reduced salinity conditions. Strictly anoxic conditions are indicated by the presence of biomarkers for archaea involved in methane cycling.For oil‐source correlations and a better understanding of the petroleum system, it will be necessary to distinguish oil generated by the Maikop Group from that generated by the Diatom Formation. This study shows that these oils can be distinguished based on the distribution of specific biomarkers e.g. C30 steranes, C25 highly branched isoprenoids (HBIs), and the C25 isoprenoid pentamethylicosane (PMI).
Curcumin: A review of experimental studies and mechanisms related to periodontitis treatment
Authors: Li Yongli , Jiao Junjie , Qi Yuanzheng , Yu Wanqi , Yang Shihui , Zhang Jingjie , Zhao Jinghui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCurcumin is the main active ingredient of turmeric, which has a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antitumor, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidation, immune regulation, and so on. Periodontitis is a prevalent oral inflammatory disease caused by a variety of factors. In recent years, many studies have shown that curcumin has a potential role on the treatment of periodontitis. Curcumin has been used in research related to the treatment of periodontitis in the form of solution, chip, gel, and capsule. Combined with other periodontitis treatment methods, such as scaling and root planing (SRP) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), can enhance curcumin's efficacy in treating periodontitis. In addition to natural curcumin, chemically modified curcumin, such as 4‐phenylaminocarbonyl bis‐demethoxy curcumin (CMC 2.24) and 4‐methoxycarbonyl curcumin (CMC 2.5), have also been used in animal models of periodontitis. Here, this paper reviews the research progress of curcumin on the treatment of periodontitis and its related mechanisms.
European guideline and expert statements on the management of narcolepsy in adults and children
Authors: Bassetti Claudio L. A. , Kallweit Ulf , Vignatelli Luca , Plazzi Giuseppe , Lecendreux Michel , Baldin Elisa , Dolenc‐Groselj Leja , Jennum Poul , Khatami Ramin , Manconi Mauro , Mayer Geert , Partinen Markku , Pollmächer Thomas , Reading Paul , Santamaria Joan , Sonka Karel , Dauvilliers Yves , Lammers Gert J. 
Published: June 2021

SummaryBackground and purposeNarcolepsy is an uncommon hypothalamic disorder of presumed autoimmune origin that usually requires lifelong treatment. This paper aims to provide evidence‐based guidelines for the management of narcolepsy in both adults and children.MethodsThe European Academy of Neurology (EAN), European Sleep Research Society (ESRS), and European Narcolepsy Network (EU‐NN) nominated a task force of 18 narcolepsy specialists. According to the EAN recommendations, 10 relevant clinical questions were formulated in PICO format. Following a systematic review of the literature (performed in Fall 2018 and updated in July 2020) recommendations were developed according to the GRADE approach.ResultsA total of 10,247 references were evaluated, 308 studies were assessed and 155 finally included. The main recommendations can be summarized as follows: (i) excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in adults–scheduled naps, modafinil, pitolisant, sodium oxybate (SXB), solriamfetol (all strong); methylphenidate, amphetamine derivatives (both weak); (ii) cataplexy in adults–SXB, venlafaxine, clomipramine (all strong) and pitolisant (weak); (iii) EDS in children–scheduled naps, SXB (both strong), modafinil, methylphenidate, pitolisant, amphetamine derivatives (all weak); (iv) cataplexy in children–SXB (strong), antidepressants (weak). Treatment choices should be tailored to each patient's symptoms, comorbidities, tolerance and risk of potential drug interactions.ConclusionThe management of narcolepsy involves non‐pharmacological and pharmacological approaches with an increasing number of symptomatic treatment options for adults and children that have been studied in some detail.
Development of a simple dynamic algorithm for individualized hepatocellular carcinoma risk‐based surveillance using pre‐ and post‐treatment general evaluation score
Authors: Shiha Gamal , Soliman Reham , Mikhail Nabiel , Hassan Ayman , Eslam Mohammed 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsWith the growing number of treated hepatitis C patients, the current ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance strategies for patients with advanced fibrosis represents a great burden on healthcare systems. An individualized HCC risk strategy incorporates the dynamic changes of HCC risk are lacking.MethodsThis single‐centre observational study included 3075 patients, with advanced fibrosis (≥F3) who achieved SVR following DAAs at Egyptian Liver research institute and hospital (ELRIAH) with follow‐up period (range 6‐72 months). The performance of a recently developed General Evaluation Score (GES) HCC risk stratification score was calculated pre‐ and post‐treatment using Harrell’s c statistic. Times to HCC and cumulative incidences were calculated with Kaplan–Meier method and compared using log‐rank (Mantel‐Cox) test.ResultsPre‐treatment GES score stratified patients into low (60.4%), intermediate (23.4%), and (16.2%) high‐risk score where 5‐year cumulative incidences of HCC were 1.66%, 4.45% and 7.64%, respectively. Harrell’s c statistic was 0.801.Post‐treatment GES score stratified patients into low (57.4%), intermediate (30.7%) and (11.9%) high‐risk score where 5‐year cumulative incidences of HCC were 1.35%, 3.49% and 11.09% respectively. The cumulative HCC incidence increased significantly with higher scores (P < .001). Harrell's c statistic was 0.818.Using pre‐ and post‐treatment GES score, GES algorithm was developed with higher predictive value. The cumulative HCC incidence increased significantly with higher scores (P < .001). Harrell’s c statistic was 0.832.ConclusionA dynamic algorithm incorporating both pre‐ and post‐GES scores have better performance and predictive value compared with only pre‐treatment assessments. The proposed algorithm would help to stratify those who need intensive or being excluded from screening.
The fatigue paradox: Team perceptions of physician fatigue
Authors: Field Emily , Lingard Lorelei , Cherry Richard , Van Koughnett Julie Ann , DeLuca Sandra , Taylor Taryn 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesOngoing calls to implement fatigue risk management in residency education assume a shared understanding of physician fatigue as a workplace hazard, yet we lack empirical evidence that all health care team members maintain this assumption. Thus, this study seeks to explore how health care team members understand the role of physician fatigue in an effort to inform the implementation of fatigue risk management in residency training and medical practice.MethodsThis study uses constructivist grounded theory to explore perceptions of workplace fatigue and its impact on clinical practice. We conducted individual semi‐structured interviews with physicians, nurses and senior residents across four hospitals in 8 different specialties for a total of 40 participants. Constant comparative analysis guided data analysis and led to the final grounded theory.ResultsWhile participants outlined multiple problematic manifestations of physician fatigue on clinical performance, they were reluctant to acknowledge any negative impact of fatigue on patient care. We refer to these contradictions as the fatigue paradox. Four key themes sustain the fatigue paradox: the indefatigable physician, blind spots, faith in safety nets and the minimisation of fatigue‐related events.ConclusionsThis study suggests that health care team members do not universally feel that physician fatigue is problematic for patient care, despite providing multiple examples to the contrary. This paradoxical understanding of fatigue likely exists because the system relies on fatigued physicians, particularly trainees, and provides few mechanisms to critically examine fatigue. Successful implementation of fatigue risk management in residency training may prove elusive if clinical supervisors are skeptical of the potentially negative impact of workplace fatigue.
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Multiple Myeloma patients: A sizeable diagnosis in the era of novel anti‐myeloma therapies
Authors: Fuchs Eyal , Lavi Noa , Carasso Yariv , Oren Ilana , Hardak Emilia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdvances in treatment for multiple myeloma (MM) patients entail a high risk for opportunistic infections such as invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA).ObjectivesThis study was conducted to describe the patient's profile, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and outcome of MM patients with IPA, in our large haemato‐oncology centre.Patients/MethodsWe retrospectively analysed patients with MM who underwent Broncho alveolar lavage for pneumonia at Rambam Hospital during a 13‐year period from July 2005 to February 2018. We focused on those with Aspergillus pneumonia.ResultsOf the 669 patients with multiple myeloma, mean age 62.6 (±7.6) years, forty‐two patients (6.2%) were diagnosed with IPA. Among them, 60% had a probable diagnosis and 40% possible. Clinical presentation was similar for IPA and other pulmonary infections. Compared to those with other pulmonary infections, IPA was more commonly diagnosed in patients with long‐standing disease (p = .00012) and among patients receiving 3 or more lines of myeloma therapies (p = .04). Thirty‐day mortality rates following diagnostic bronchoscopy did not differ between IPA and non‐IPA patients. (p = .85).ConclusionsMultiple myeloma patients had an increased risk for IPA, most notably in patients with 3 or more lines of anti‐myeloma treatment and more advanced disease. This clearly emphasises the vigilance needed for IPA in these patients.