bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatics analyses of the pathogenesis and new biomarkers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Zhang Jihua , Liu Jie , Xu Shuanglan , Yu Xiaochao , Zhang Yi , Li Xiao , Zhang Liqiong , Yang Jiao , Xing Xiqian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the major cause of global death. The purpose of our analysis was to detect a more reliable biomarker and small-molecule drug candidates and to identify the precise mechanisms involved in COPD.

Methods:
Three data sets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and analysed by Gene Expression Omnibus 2R. Functional enrichment analyses were performed by Metascape. We use the STRING data to build a protein–protein interaction network. The targets of differentially expressed microRNA (DE miRNA) were predicted by the miRWalk database. Small-molecule drugs were predicted on connectivity map.

Results:
A total of 181 differentially expressed genes and 35 DE miRNAs were confirmed. The protein–protein interaction network including all integrated differentially expressed genes was constructed, and 4 modules were filtrated. The module genes were relative to immune, inflammatory and oxidative stress functions according to a pathway analysis. The top 20 key genes were screened. Among the DE miRNAs found to be regulating key genes, miR-194-3p, MiR-502-5p, MiR-5088-5p, MiR-3127-5p, and miR-23a-5p might be the most significant due to their high number of connecting nodes in COPD. In addition, cephaeline, emetine, gabapentin, and amrinone were found to be potential drugs to treat COPD patients.

Conclusion:
Our study suggests that miR-194-3p, miR-502-5p, and miR-23a-5p might participate in the nosogenesis of COPD. In addition, 4 potential small-molecule drugs were considered potentially useful for treating COPD patients.
Effectiveness of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of influenza
Authors: Liu Kang , Zhang Yongkang , Song Xin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Western medicine mainly uses antiviral drugs to treat influenza. However, anti-influenza virus drugs have been reported to have high levels of drug resistance and varying degrees of adverse reactions. In addition, Western medicine uses vaccination to prevent influenza, but vaccination cannot ensure complete prevention. Vaccines have a certain lag and cannot prevent the constantly mutating influenza virus. At present, there are still certain limitations in the prevention of influenza. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has been used more and more widely in the prevention and treatment of influenza and improvement of influenza-like symptoms, and related clinical efficacy control studies have reached a certain number. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of influenza.

Methods:
Computer search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wangfang and VIP database, search for randomized controlled trials of Chinese patent medicines therapy on influenza, the search time limit is to build the database until October 2021. Two researchers screened the retrieved literature and collected relevant patient information and data. The final included literature was meta analyzed by Rev man5.4 software.

Results:
The effectiveness and safety of Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of patients with influenza will be systematically evaluated.

Conclusion:
Systematic collection and analysis of clinical randomized controlled trials of Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of influenza, with a view to providing basic information for clinical decision-making and related research.

Registration number:
INPLASY2021100064 (https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2021- 10-0064/).
Prognostic value of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio in metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Pan Yan , Lou Yinmei , Wang Lin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
In recent years, several observational studies have investigated the association between C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) and prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), and yielded controversial outcomes.

Methods:
Eligible studies assessing the relationship of CAR with survival and clinicopathological parameters in mCRC were searched from PubMed, Cochrane library, and Embase databases up to February 3, 2021. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival, recurrence-free survival, and disease-free survival were synthetically calculated and compared.

Results:
A total of 6 studies including 771 patients were enrolled in this systematic review. Pooled results indicated that elevated CAR was significantly associated with poorer OS (hazard ratio: 2.393; 95% confidence interval: 1.949–2.938, P < .01) as well as decreased progression-free survival/disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio: 1.731; 95% confidence interval: 1.261–2.375, P < .01). Additionally, high CAR was significantly consistent with increased modified Glasgow Prognostic Score and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio.

Conclusion:
High CAR could be a negative prognostic marker for mCRC patients. More large-sample clinical trials are still needed to confirm the prognostic significance of CAR in mCRC.
Should synovectomy be performed during total knee arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Mingchao , Shi Xiaoqing , Yin Songjiang , Zhang Li , Wu Peng , Liao Taiyang , Jie Lishi , Wang Peimin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
To evaluate the effect of synovectomy performed during primary total knee arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis on patients’ postoperative pain and knee function.

Methods:
We will search the following electronic databases from inception to June 2021, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Scientific Journals Database, the Wanfang database, and the Chinese Biomedicine Database. Eligible references will be all randomized controlled trials of initial total knee arthroplasty for primary knee osteoarthritis with or without synovectomy. Two reviewers will independently extract the data. Reviewer Manager 5.3 software will be used for statistical analysis.

Result:
It will provide results on the short- and long-term efficacy and safety of synovectomy in total knee arthroplasty by various comprehensive assessments.

Conclusion:
This study will provide solid evidence on whether and when synovectomy treatment should be performed during total knee arthroplasty.
Relationship between balance function and QOL in cancer survivors and healthy subjects
Authors: Morishita Shinichiro , Hirabayashi Ryo , Tsubaki Atsuhiro , Aoki Osamu , Fu Jack B. , Onishi Hideaki , Tsuji Tetsuya 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A previous study reported that cancer survivors exhibit decreased postural stability compared to age-matched controls. Another study showed that cancer survivors have a lower quality of life (QOL) compared to healthy subjects, and there was a significant relationship between muscle strength and QOL in cancer survivors. We aimed to investigate differences in the associations between balance function and QOL in cancer survivors and healthy subjects.
Forty-one cancer survivors and 33 healthy subjects were included. Balance function was evaluated using the timed up and go test, and body sway was tested using a force platform. QOL was assessed using the medical outcome study 36-item short-form health survey.
Cancer survivors exhibited significantly higher timed up and go and lower QOL than that of healthy subjects (P < .05). There was a significant association between body sway and QOL (P < .05) among cancer survivors. However, healthy subjects had subscales for QOL related to the body sway test parameters more frequently than cancer survivors (P < .05).
Cancer survivors’ balance function may have little effect on QOL, unlike in healthy subjects.
Depression and quality of life in Brazilian and Portuguese older people communities
Authors: da Silva Dantas Bruno Araújo , Cavalcante Anna Carolyna Vieira , de Miranda Jéssica Maria Arouca , da Silva Toscano Gislani Acásia , Nobre Thaiza Teixeira Xavier , Mendes Felismina Rosa Parreira , de Miranda Francisco Arnoldo Nunes , Maia Eulália Maria Chaves , Torres Gilson de Vasconcelos 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We aimed to compare the association of depression with aspects of quality of life (QoL) among older people users of primary health care (PHC) living in Brazil and Portugal.
We carried out an observational, cross-sectional and comparative study with a quantitative approach in the PHC scope in Brazil and Portugal, where we obtained a nonrandom sample of 150 participants aged 65 years or older (100 Brazilians and 50 Portuguese). We used the socioeconomic and health data questionnaire, the Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health Survey QoL (SF-36) questionnaire and the Beck Inventory.
Among the socioeconomic profiles, most were females aged between 65 and 80 years in both countries. There was a significant difference between groups in the income variable, with 100.0% of Portuguese people earning up to 1 minimum wage (P value <.001), and the presence of chronic diseases in 92.0% of respondents in Portugal (P value = .033). In the association analysis, most aspects of QoL had a higher median score (>50.0) within the categorical variables of “absent” and “mild” depression. The Emotional role functioning, Physical role functioning, Physical functioning, Mental health, Total score domains and the Mental health and Physical health summary measures stood out with this behavior in Brazil and in Portugal, where these latter 2 presented moderate to strong correlation values (ρ > 0.400) in Portugal. Greater associations of depression on QoL were revealed in Portugal than in Brazil. Among their most expressive associations, the Physical role functioning (odds ratio [OR] = 4.776; 95.0% confidence interval [CI]: 2.41–9.43), Physical functioning (OR = 3.037; 95.0% CI: 3.037), Vitality (OR = 6.000; 95.0% CI: 1.56–23.07) and Total score (OR = 3.727; 95.0% CI: 2.24–6.17) domains and the Mental health summary measure (OR = 3.870; 95.0% CI: 2.13–7.02) stood out.
Aspects related to the emotional, physical, functional and mental health components stood out. The association and correlation with depression were more expressive in Portugal compared to Brazil. However, similar results were obtained in Brazil but with less relevance.
Early outcomes of endoscopic endonasal approach pituitary adenomas resection with minimal nasal injury
Authors: Tao Chao , Cheng Gang , Chen Yunxiang , Gu Peiyuan , Hu Weixing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To report the results of a consecutive series of pituitary adenomas resected through endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) with minimal nasal injury.
Retrospectively review tumor characteristics and surgical outcomes of a consecutive series of EEA pituitary adenomas resection performed mainly by a single author between March 2018 and June 2019.
A total of 75 endoscopic endonasal approach pituitary adenoma resections were performed by the authors’ team. Of the 75 patients, 28 through mononostril EEA, 47 through Binonostril EEA. Hadad-Bassagasteguy vascularized nasoseptal flap was harvested in only 4 (5.3%) patients with a high risk of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak, and one side middle turbinate only been resected in 2 (2.7%) patients, other patients preserved bilateral middle turbinate. Of the 75 patients, gross total resection is 74.7%, near-total resection is 16.0%. Endocrinological remission was achieved in 76.9% of GH-secreting adenomas, 61.5% of prolactin-secreting adenomas. The postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak rate was 2.7%. Two patients had suprasellar hemorrhage, 1 patient had perioperative stroke, 2 patients had permanent diabetes insipidus, no cranial nerve deficits, internal carotid artery injury, anosmia, and death. The sino-nasal function was measured with the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 and visual analog scale for olfaction preoperatively and postoperatively, and there was no statistically significant difference.
The EEA is an effective approach to resect pituitary adenomas, the gross total resection and near-total resection rate and endocrinological remission rate are satisfactory. The EEA is a safe approach, as the complication rate is acceptable compared with those reported in the previous series of microscopic and endoscopic approaches. These results can be achieved with minimal nasal injury.
Noradrenergic genes polymorphisms and response to methylphenidate in children with ADHD
Authors: Yuan Danfeng , Zhang Manxue , Huang Yan , Wang Xinwei , Jiao Jian , Huang Yi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder, and methylphenidate (MPH) is considered one of the first-line medicine for ADHD. Unfortunately, this medication is only effective for some children with ADHD. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate whether noradrenergic gene polymorphisms impact the efficacy of MPH in children with ADHD.

Methods:
Candidate gene studies published in English until March 1, 2020, were identified through literature searches on PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Data were pooled from individual clinical trials considering MPH pharmacogenomics. According to the heterogeneity, the odds ratio and mean differences were calculated by applying fixed-effects or random-effects models.

Results:
This meta-analysis includes 15 studies and 1382 patients. Four polymorphisms of the NET gene (rs5569, rs28386840, rs2242446, rs3785143) and 2 polymorphisms of the α2A-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRA2A) gene (MspI and DraI) were selected for the analysis. In the pooled data from all studies, T allele carriers of the rs28386840 polymorphism were significantly more likely to respond to MPH (P < .001, ORTcarriers = 2.051, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.316, 3.197) and showed a relationship with significantly greater hyperactive-impulsive symptoms improvement (P < .001, mean difference:1.70, 95% CI:0.24, 3.16). None of the ADRA2A polymorphisms correlated significantly with MPH response as a whole. However, G allele carriers of the MspI polymorphism showed a relationship with significantly inattention symptoms improvement (P < .001, mean difference:0.31, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.47).

Conclusion:
Our meta-analysis results indicate that the noradrenergic gene polymorphisms may impact MPH response. The NET rs28386840 is linked to improved MPH response in ADHD children. And the ADRA2A MspI is associated with inattention symptom improvements. Further investigations with larger samples will be needed to confirm these results.
Registration: PROSPERO (no. CRD42021265830).
Efficacy of sequential N-butylphthalide therapy on psychiatric and behavioral functions in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Yang Le , Li Hui , Wu Yanzhi , Zhang Hongdan , Du Jieqiong , Chen Yankun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Stroke can cause physical and mental problems. This study examined how the sequential therapy of N-butylphthalide (NBP) could effectively improve physical movement, life activities, and psychological disorders in stroke patients.

Methods:
This double-blind, randomized controlled trial included middle-aged or elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke that had commenced within 48 hours before enrolment in the study. The experimental group was administered 100 mL NBP injections twice a day in the first 14 days, and a sequential 200 mg NBP soft capsule 3 times a day for the next 76 days. The control group was administered 100 mL NBP placebo injections twice a day in the first 14 days and 200 mg sequential NBP placebo soft capsule 3 times a day for the next 76 days. Primary outcomes were the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, the Barthel Index of activities of daily living, and Modified Rankin Scale which were evaluated at day 0, day 14, and month 1 or at day 14, month 3, and month 6. Secondary outcomes included the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Hamilton Depression Scale, all were evaluated on day 0, month 3, and month 6. Moreover, the adverse reaction of NBP or other serious adverse events were evaluated at each time.

Results:
Our therapy significantly increased the Barthel Index of activities of daily living scores, decreased the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and Modified Rankin Scale scores, and the incidence of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Hamilton Depression Scale of ischemic stroke patients (P < .05).

Conclusion:
Our results indicated that 90 days’ sequential therapy with NBP as an additional therapy in the treatment of ischemic stroke can better improve patients’ psychological and behavioral functions without significant side effects.
Interventional treatment for acute cerebral infarction with large vessel occlusion combined with aortic arch interruption
Authors: Zhang WenSheng , Xing WeiFang , Zhu MinZhen , Zhong XiaoJing , He JinZhao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Aortic arch interruption is a type of congenital vascular malformation that is often observed in childhood. Most children die of congestive heart failure due to rapid deterioration. Children can only survive to adulthood if they have extremely rich collateral circulation. Cases of acute cerebral infarction with large vessel occlusion receiving interventional treatment in adult patients with interrupted aortic arch have not been reported.

Patient concerns:
A 55-year-old man with a history of atrial fibrillation and smoking but without a family history of stroke was admitted to our hospital with a 5-hour history of left limb weakness and speech difficulties.

Diagnoses:
Emergency brain computed tomography showed a large cerebral infarction in the right frontal temporal parietal lobe. He was suspected to have aortic arch interruption in the early stage of endovascular interventional therapy through the femoral artery approach, and was converted to the transradial artery pathway. The aortic arch was disconnected, and the right internal carotid artery was occluded.

Interventions:
Considering the possibility of cardiogenic embolism, a middle catheter was used for thrombus aspiration of the right internal carotid artery. After removal of the dark red thrombus was removed, the right internal carotid artery was successfully recanalized.

Outcomes:
The patient recovered well after the operation. However, the patient and his family refused further treatment for aortic arch interruption. The modified Rankin Scale score was 0 at 3 months and 1 year of follow-up which meant that he recovered quite well.

Lessons:
Adult patients with acute cerebral infarction with large vessel occlusion are rarely complicated with aortic arch interruption, and emergency thrombectomy via the radial artery approach is feasible.
Hereditary paraganglioma presenting with atypical symptoms
Authors: Eguchi Shu , Ono Rintaro , Sato Takeshi , Yada Keigo , Umehara Naoki , Narumi Satoshi , Ichihashi Yosuke , Nozaki Taiki , Kanomata Naoki , Hasegawa Tomonobu , Ozawa Miwa , Hasegawa Daisuke 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Paraganglioma (PGL), an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma, is a rare tumor, especially in children. While hypersecretion of catecholamines causes the classic triad of headaches, palpitations, and profuse sweating, prompt diagnosis is still challenging.

Patient concerns:
For 7 months, an 8-year-old boy complained of polyuria and weight loss, followed by proteinuria and headache for 1 month prior to admission. He was admitted to our hospital due to an afebrile seizure.

Diagnosis:
His blood pressure remained markedly elevated even after cessation of the convulsion. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Abdominal computed tomography showed a mass lesion encasing the left renal artery, measuring 41 mm in length along its major axis. The plasma and urine levels of normetanephrine were elevated. Additionally, iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy showed an abnormal uptake in the abdominal mass with no evidence of metastasis. Based on these findings, we tentatively diagnosed him with PGL.

Intervention:
Substantial alpha- and beta-blocking procedures were performed, followed by a tumor resection and an extended left nephrectomy on day 31 of hospitalization. Pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of PGL.

Outcome:
The postoperative course was uneventful, and his blood pressure normalized without the use of antihypertensive agents. Genetic testing revealed a known SDHB germline mutation. The same mutation was also detected on his father and paternal grandfather without any history of hypertension or malignant tumor.

Lesson:
It remains challenging to diagnose pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) promptly because PPGL can present with a variety of symptoms. Preceding symptoms of the presented case might be caused by PGL. Although PPGL is a rare disease, especially in children, it should be considered in differential diagnosis when various unexplained symptoms persist.
A case report of early application of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in amniotic fluid embolism
Authors: Ge Chen , Liu Junhang , Fu You , Jia Lijing , Bai Yinxiang , Yang Zhiwei , Du Quansheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare obstetrical complication and is a leading cause of maternal death in developed countries. Despite the development of supportive therapeutic measures, the mortality rate remains high.

Patient concerns:
A 38-year-old nulliparous pregnant woman, who underwent in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, was admitted for labor at 37 weeks’ gestation. Approximately 30 minutes after delivery of the placenta, the puerpera developed postpartum hemorrhage with uterine atony. Soon after, the patient experienced hypotension, repeated cardiac arrest, refectory hypoxia, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy.

Diagnosis:
AFE is diagnosed clinically. The pregnant woman in this case fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for AFE: acute hypotension, cardiac arrest, acute hypoxia, and coagulation disorders within approximately 30 minutes after delivery of the placenta.

Interventions:
The patient was intubated, connected to a ventilator, and was administered a high dose of vasoactive drugs to maintain blood pressure and underwent an emergency hysterectomy. Considering the risk for recurrent cardiac arrest and severe refractory hypoxia, venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was initiated and discontinued as soon as cardiac function was restored based on serial bedside ultrasound assessment.

Outcomes:
The patient stabilized on day 7 in the intensive care unit and was transferred to the obstetrics ward and, 1 week later, was discharged with no complications. Two months later, follow-up revealed that the patient was in good condition.

Lesson:
Serial bedside ultrasound was crucial for assessing cardiac function and optimal weaning. Timely application of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and weaning was significant to avoid the occurrence of complications and improve long-term outcomes.