bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agency Is Ecological: Comparative Religious Ethics and the Greening of Moral Theory
Authors: Barbieri William A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDevelopments along various epistemic fronts have been gradually modifying our ethical conception of what constitutes agency. For several reasons, we should acknowledge in particular that there is an irremediably ecological character to moral action, in a number of respects. After providing a broad analysis of the ecological turn in moral theory, I reflect on some of its implications for our understanding of the historicity of morals. I then comment on ways in which the field of comparative religious ethics can enrich this emergent account of ecological agency, and vice versa.
Ex‐Foods Diets Affect the Fatty Acid Profile of the Abdominal Adipose Tissue Without Significantly Affecting the Plasma Metabolome of Postweaning Piglets
Authors: Manoni Michele , Tretola Marco , Luciano Alice , Ferrari Luca , Ottoboni Matteo , Pinotti Luciano 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFood leftovers can be used as alternative feed ingredients for monogastric to replace human‐competing feedstuffs, such as cereals, recycle a waste product, reduce the feed‐food competition and keep nutrients and energy in the feed‐food chain. Among food leftovers, former food products (FFPs) are no more intended for human but still suitable for animal consumption. However, the metabolic impact of FFP has never been investigated. In this study, we evaluated the impact of replacing 30% of conventional cereals with FFP on abdominal fat quality and plasma metabolome modulation in postweaning piglets. Thirty‐six Large White × Landrace postweaning piglets (28 days old) were randomly assigned to three dietary groups for 42 days: control (CTR), 30% replacement of CTR with salty FFP (SA), 30% replacement of CTR with sugary FFP (SU). Body weight and feed intake were measured to calculate average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The fatty acid profile of the diets and the abdominal adipose tissue was determined and a mass spectrometry‐based untargeted metabolomics investigation was performed on plasma samples. The growth performance was not significantly affected by SA and SU diets. Despite the different fatty acid profile of the diets, the fatty acid profile of the adipose tissue was rebalanced in piglets. The plasma metabolome was more affected by the time factor rather than the treatment factor. Six metabolites were significantly altered in SA and SU groups compared to CTR: caffeine, theobromine, proline‐betaine, dipalmitoyl‐phosphatidylcholine (PC 32:0), spermidine and l‐tryptophan. Caffeine and glycerophospholipid pathways were significantly different between CTR and SA and SU groups, although no impact on other metabolic pathways was observed. Overall, the limited impact of FFP on the abdominal fat, plasma metabolome and related pathways in postweaning piglets demonstrated the value of FFP as innovative and sustainable feed ingredients to replace human‐competing feedstuffs.
Uncovering the Life Experiences Being Fathers of Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Mundakir  , Choliq Idham , Lin Shu‐Yuan , Hasanah Uswatun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThis research aims to uncover the life experiences of fathers of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) in Indonesia.Design and MethodsThis study utilized a descriptive phenomenological approach. Nine fathers of young children and adolescents with CP were purposively recruited and were interviewed in‐depth between June and August 2023. Data were analysed by using Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological approach.ResultsOur study identified three main themes: uncovering the meaning of being a father, expectations and hope for children's growing up, and the challenges of being a father. These themes were further divided into 10 sub‐themes. Our research suggests that fathers consider having a disabled child as a gift and a test from God, and they hold specific meanings about being a father that gives them strength. Fathers are responsible for taking care of their children and not neglecting them. They have expectations and hopes for their children to become independent and successful, with the skills needed to make a living. Fathers face many challenges, such as dividing their time between work and family and figuring out how to stimulate their children's motor skills.Practice ImplicationsThe research indicates that involving fathers in caring for children, particularly those with CP, has significant implications for program planning and service delivery. Therefore, professionals should integrate fathers' role in planning and delivering services for childcare.
Cytokinin Plays a Multifaceted Role in Ralstonia solanacearum‐Triggered Plant Disease Development
Authors: Wang Xiang , Gong Qichang , Cheng Shengyang , Qin Ning , Cao Tao , Chen Yue , Wang Dongdong , Valls Marc , Coll Núria S. , Chen Qin , Zhao Cuizhu , Lu Haibin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCytokinin signalling plays both positive and negative roles in plant resistance to pathogens. It is not clear whether the role of cytokinin changes at the different stages of pathogen infection. Arabidopsis thaliana sequentially exhibits distinct root morphological symptoms during Ralstonia solanacearum infection, which offers a good system to investigate function of cytokinin in the whole pathogen infection process. Using this system, we found increase of cytokinin signalling by Lonely Guy 2 (LOG2) overexpression or depletion of type‐A Arabidopsis Response Regulators (ARRs), negative regulators of cytokinin signalling pathway, promoted cell death, wilting symptom and bacterial growth, but attenuated primary root growth inhibition and lateral root formation. The decrease of cytokinin signalling by mutation on Isopentenyl Transferases (IPTs) inhibited root hair formation, cell death, wilting symptom and bacterial colonisation. Application of different concentration of exogenesis 6‐benzylaminopurine (6‐BA) showed first promoted, then decreased root hair formation. Moreover, application of 6‐BA accelerated cell death but suppressed lateral root formation and primary root growth inhibition. The diverse roles of cytokinin in these different root disease phenotypes suggested function of cytokinin during plant responses to R. solanacearum is cell type‐specific, which provides new insights on roles of cytokinin signalling in regulation on plant–pathogen interactions.
Clinical Study on the Effects of Total Hip Arthroplasty Assisted by Virtual Planning Combined With Intraoperative Navigation Templates
Authors: Zhu Haotian , Wu Jiayi , Cheng Kai , Yan Han , Liang Junjun , Long Yunjin , Fan Shaoxing , Zhang Yadi , Ding Huanwen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesAlthough total hip arthroplasty (THA) effectively alleviates pain and restores joint function in the end‐stage hip disease, challenges remain in achieving precise osteotomy and minimizing subjective dependency on prosthesis positioning. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preoperative virtual planning and navigation templates compared to conventional techniques, providing new methods to enhance the precision and personalization of THA.MethodsDuring the period from 2022 to 2023, we conducted a retrospective case–control study on 74 patients who underwent THA surgery at our hospital, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study included 42 patients in the traditional method group, who underwent preoperative planning and surgical procedures according to traditional methods; and 32 patients in the digital assistance group, who used computer‐assisted virtual preoperative planning and three‐dimensional printed personalized navigation templates to assist in the surgery. The main parameters of the two groups were compared, including surgical time, blood loss, postoperative femoral anteversion, neck‐shaft angle, anatomical‐mechanical femoral axis angle (aMFA), leg length discrepancy (LLD), and the angle of hip prosthesis placement. The Harris hip score was recorded both preoperatively and at the final follow‐up to assess the accuracy of the prosthesis placement and the prognosis of the patients.ResultsThere were no significant differences in femoral anteversion, neck‐shaft angle, aMFA, or LLD between the two groups. However, the digital group showed smaller deviations between the planned and actual acetabular prosthesis angles compared to the conventional group, with shorter operative times and reduced blood loss. Follow‐up Harris hip scores were significantly higher in the digital group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsDigital technology enhances the accuracy and reproducibility of prosthesis placement in THA, reduces operative time and blood loss, and shows a promising potential for broader application.
The Creeping Creatinine in a Growing Child With a Kidney Transplant: Distinguishing Progressive Graft Dysfunction From Normal Growth in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Dandamudi Raja S. , Vyas Neil , Hmiel Stanley P. , Dharnidharka Vikas R. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPediatric kidney transplant recipients experience creeping creatinine, which is a slow increase in serum creatinine over time. Distinguishing between normal growth‐related changes and possible allograft dysfunction becomes challenging when interpreting the increase in serum creatinine. We hypothesized that changes in BSA‐indexed measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) or creatinine‐estimated GFR (eGFR) might not be a true reflection of the renal function post‐transplant and that for longitudinal follow‐up a stable absolute mGFR is better.MethodsIn total, 115 pediatric kidney transplant recipients transplanted between 2000 and 2021, with 319 measured GFR values (each subject had at least 2 values) were enrolled in this retrospective study. We analyzed after stratifying based on the height and BSA changes (< 5% change, 5%–14.9% change, and > 15% change in height and BSA) between measured GFR tests. The agreement between absolute mGFR and both BSA‐indexed mGFR or eGFR was analyzed by Bland and Altman analysis and nonparametric Spearman's rank order correlation analysis.ResultsThe bias between absolute mGFR and either BSA‐indexed mGFR or eGFR increased as the % change in height and the BSA increased. Spearman's rank order correlation showed a strong correlation when the BSA and height changes were < 5% and the correlation weakened as the % changes increased.ConclusionsIn children who grew more, the BSA‐indexed mGFR dropped more than the absolute mGFR. We propose that a stable absolute mGFR can be used to infer stable allograft function in the presence of height growth.
Structure–function relation of cytokinins determines their differential efficiency in mediating tobacco resistance against Pseudomonas syringae
Authors: Großkinsky Dominik K. , Molin Eva M. , Bosetto Federico , Edelsbrunner Kerstin , Oravec Michal , Večeřová Kristýna , Tříska Jan , Roitsch Thomas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe classic plant growth‐promoting phytohormone cytokinin has been identified and established as a mediator of pathogen resistance in different plant species. However, the resistance effect of structurally different cytokinins appears to vary and may regulate diverse mechanisms to establish resistance. Hence, we comparatively analysed the impact of six different adenine‐ and phenylurea‐type cytokinins on the well‐established pathosystem Nicotiana tabacum‐Pseudomonas syringae. The efficiency of resistance effects was evaluated based on impacts on the host plant defence response by scoring infection symptoms and the direct impact on the pathogen by assessment of proliferation in planta. To identify common and cytokinin‐specific components involved in resistance effects, transcriptome profiling and targeted metabolomics were conducted in leaves treated with the different cytokinins. We observed clearly different potentials of the tested cytokinins in either suppressing infection symptoms or pathogen proliferation. Gene regulation and metabolite analyses revealed cytokinin‐type specific impacts on defence components, such as salicylic acid and related signalling, expression of PR proteins, and regulation of specialised metabolism. Cytokinins also strongly affected plant cell physiological parameters, such as a remarkable decrease in amino acid pools. Hence, this study provides comparative information on the efficiency of diverse cytokinins in mediating resistance in one well‐studied pathosystem and insights into the specific regulation of resistance effects mediated by different cytokinin molecules. This is particularly relevant for studies on the function of cytokinins or other phytohormones and compounds interacting with cytokinin activities in the context of pathogen infections and other stress scenarios, considering the diverse cytokinins present in plants.
The Malectin‐like kinase gene MdMDS1 negatively regulates the resistance of Pyrus betulifolia to Valsa canker by promoting the expression of PbePME1
Authors: Zheng Yan , Zhao Dan , Lu Yuan , Chen Zhongjian , Liu Zhihong , Sun E , Yu Hongqiang , Mao Xia , Cai Minrui , Zuo Cunwu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractValsa canker, caused by fungal pathogens in Valsa species, is a fungal disease of apple and pear growing in China and even in Asia. Malectin‐like kinases play crucial roles in plant recognition of the pathogen‐induced signals and subsequent activation of partially host immune responses. However, the role of MEDOS1 (MDS1), a Malectin‐like kinase, in plant immunity has not yet been extensively explored. Here, we found that the expression of the Malus domestica MDS (MdMDS1) gene, a homologous gene of the Catharanthus roseus Receptor‐Like Kinase 1‐like (CrRLK1L) family member MDS1 in Arabidopsis, could be inhibited by Valsa canker signals. Over‐expression of MdMDS1 decreased Valsa canker resistance of apple and pear fruits, as well as ‘Duli‐G03’ (Pyrus betulifolia) suspension cells. In response to Valsa pyri (Vp) signals in suspension cells, the up‐regulation of MdMDS1 caused the inhibition of defense‐related genes but activated the expression of cell wall‐related genes. Among these, the pectin methylesterase gene PbePME1 was robustly induced. Further analysis confirmed that PbePME1, a negative regulator of Valsa canker resistance, was indispensable for MdMDS1's function. Our results enriched the recognization of the functions of CrRLK1L genes in host resistance against necrotrophics. We also provided a theoretical reference for the resistance breeding and comprehensive control of Valsa canker in both apples and pears.
The Paris Agreement and the importance of the Warsaw Framework for REDD+ (WFR)
Authors: Voigt Christina , Nemitz Dirk , Ferreira Felipe , Brana‐Varela Josefina , Sanchez Maria Sanz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Warsaw Framework for REDD+ (WFR) is an international framework for the cooperation between developed and developing countries to reduce forest‐based greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, adopted by COP 19 in 2013 and anchored in article 5.2 of the Paris Agreement. In this article, the authors identify six reasons for why REDD+, as defined in the WFR, enjoys unfaltering importance to Parties' climate action. Within international law and governance, the WFR provides a unique structure for forest protection through international cooperation within a multilaterally agreed framework with clear rules, robust methodologies, independent oversight and safeguards for recognising the environmental and social values of forests beyond carbon sinks. Its uniqueness becomes obvious when contrasted against the international community's long‐standing struggle to include forests in any other international legal outcome. The WFR has also built critical capacity of countries for the implementation of the Paris Agreement, in particular the reporting obligations under its Enhanced Transparency Framework. The experience gained under the WFR could be valuable for other sectors within the climate regime. However, the authors also argue that while REDD+ might be more relevant than ever on the course to global net‐zero CO2 emissions, the full potential of REDD+ at scale, as defined in the WFR, has yet to be explored. As it is to be expected that forests will play a role in the context of carbon markets and other cooperative approaches under article 6 of the Paris Agreement, the paper also explores latest developments in this matter.
Phylogenomic approach to integrative taxonomy resolves a century‐old taxonomic puzzle and the evolutionary history of the Acromyrmex octospinosus species complex
Authors: Mera‐Rodríguez Daniela , Fernández‐Marín Hermógenes , Rabeling Christian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAccurately delimiting species boundaries is essential for understanding biodiversity. Here, we assessed the taxonomy of the leaf‐cutting ants in the Acromyrmex octospinosus (Reich) species complex using an integrative approach incorporating morphological, population genetic, phylogenetic and biogeographical data. We sampled populations across the biogeographic distribution of the species complex and reconstructed their evolutionary relationships using ultraconserved elements (UCEs) as molecular markers. We evaluated traditional morphological characters used to distinguish putative taxa and performed species delimitation analyses to investigate divergence between evolutionary lineages. Our results support the hypothesis that the A. octospinosus species complex consists of two species: the widely distributed and polymorphic species A. octospinosus and its inquiline social parasite A. insinuator Schultz et al. We consider A. echinatior (Forel) syn. nov. and A. volcanus Wheeler syn. nov. as well as the subspecies A. octospinosus cubanus Wheeler syn. nov., A. octospinosus ekchuah Wheeler syn. nov. and A. octospinosus inti Wheeler syn. nov. as junior synonyms of A. octospinosus. We also investigated the biogeographic history of the species complex and the evolutionary origin of the social parasite A. insinuator. We inferred that A. octospinosus originated during the late Miocene approximately 6.9 Ma ago in the Neotropical rainforest. Acromyrmex insinuator shared a common ancestor with A. octospinosus approximately 3.4 Ma ago, with a crown‐group age of approximately 0.9 Ma. Our phylogeny supports the hypothesis that the inquiline social parasite speciated via the intra‐specific route of social parasite evolution in direct sympatry from its host. Our findings reshape our understanding of the A. octospinosus species complex and provide a foundation for future studies of Acromyrmex leaf‐cutting ants.
Prognostic models for prediction of perioperative allogeneic red blood cell transfusion in adult cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Van den Eynde Raf , Vrancken Annemarie , Foubert Ruben , Tuand Krizia , Vandendriessche Thomas , Schrijvers An , Verbrugghe Peter , Devos Timothy , Van Calster Ben , Rex Steffen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesIdentifying cardiac surgical patients at risk of requiring red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is crucial for optimizing their outcome. We critically appraised prognostic models preoperatively predicting perioperative exposure to RBC transfusion in adult cardiac surgery and summarized model performance.MethodsDesign: Systematic review and meta‐analysis. Study eligibility criteria: Studies developing and/or externally validating models preoperatively predicting perioperative RBC transfusion in adult cardiac surgery. Information sources MEDLINE, CENTRAL & CDSR, Embase, Transfusion Evidence Library, Web of Science, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP. Risk of bias and applicability: Quality of reporting was assessed with the Transparent Reporting of studies on prediction models for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis adherence form, and risk of bias and applicability with the Prediction model Risk of Bias ASsessment Tool. Synthesis methods: Random‐effects meta‐analyses of concordance‐statistics and total observed:expected ratios for models externally validated ≥5 times.ResultsNine model development, and 27 external validation studies were included. The average TRIPOD adherence score was 66.4% (range 44.1%–85.2%). All studies but 1 were rated high risk of bias. For TRUST and TRACK, the only models externally validated ≥5 times, summary c‐statistics were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65–0.84; 6 contributing studies) and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.68–0.75; 5 contributing studies) respectively, and summary total observed:expected ratios were 0.86 (95% CI: 0.71–1.05; 5 contributing studies) and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.74–1.19; 5 contributing studies), respectively. Considerable heterogeneity was observed in all meta‐analyses.DiscussionFuture high quality external validation and model updating studies which strictly adhere to reporting guidelines, are warranted.
Fast Goodstein walks
Authors: Fernández‐Duque David , Weiermann Andreas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe introduce a family of fast‐growing functions based on and use these to define a variant of the Goodstein process. We show that this variant terminates and that this fact is not provable in Kripke–Platek set theory (or other theories of Bachmann–Howard strength). We, moreover, show that this Goodstein process is of maximal length, so that any alternative Goodstein process based on the same fast‐growing functions will also terminate.
Differential Associations Between Device-Assessed and Parent-Reported Physical Activity With Indicators of Mental Health in Children and Youth With Disabilities
Authors: O’Rourke Roxy H. , Arbour-Nicitopoulos Kelly P. , Voss Christine , Martin Ginis Kathleen A. , Brown Denver M.Y. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: We examined associations between device-assessed and parent-reported physical activity with mental health indicators among children and youth with disabilities. Method: Physical activity and mental health data were collected from a larger national surveillance study of physical activity in children and youth with disabilities in Canada. A total of 122 children and youth with disabilities (mean age = 10 y; 80% boys, 57% with developmental disability) wore a Fitbit for 28 days to measure their daily steps. Parents reported the frequency and duration of their child’s leisure-time physical activity during the previous 7 days. Parents also completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (ie, total difficulties score, internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and prosocial behavior) as a measure of mental health symptoms. Results: Significant relationships were observed between parent-reported physical activity and total difficulties as well as internalizing problems but not externalizing problems. Nonsignificant relationships were observed between median daily step counts and mental health indicators. Conclusion: Differential relationships between physical activity and mental health indicators may exist among children and youth with disabilities depending on how physical activity is operationalized (ie, steps vs active minutes) and measured (ie, proxy report vs device assessed). Interventionists seeking to improve mental health outcomes among children and youth with disabilities through physical activity promotion should consider these findings when deciding upon methods to assess physical activity behaviors.