bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The growing of taro Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. antiquorum plantlet in several media during acclimatization stage
Authors: Tuwo M , Tambaru E 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Japanese taro or satoimo Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. antiquorum, is widely consumed in Japan thus increasing exports. Plant seedlings can be obtained in large quantities and in a relatively short time through the propagation method of plant tissue culture. Final stage of plant tissue culture is acclimatization. Growing media and planting techniques are important factors in the acclimatization process. The ideal planting medium can be obtained from a combination of organic and inorganic materials. This study aims to obtain optimal acclimatization media for the growth of taro plants. The planting material used 24 weeks old taro plantlets. The plantlets were washed with tap water and soaked in distilled water + fungicide and washed with sterile water. The plantlets were planting in plastic cups with the different substrate mixture namely Soil: Manure: Rice Husks (1:1:1); Soil: Manure: Cocopeat (1:1:2); Rice Husk: Sand (1:1); Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) Hydroponics System. They were watered daily and fertilized. Survival percentage, plantlet height and number of leaves were recorded for 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and if there is a significant effect of treatment, a further test of the least significant difference (LSD) is carried out. The optimal acclimatization medium for acclimatization was obtained in (P1) Soil: Manure: Rice Husks (1:1:1) treatment with a percentage of survival of 62% with an average plant height and number of leaves 13.3 cm and 4.6 respectively.
Early growth of post-gamma irradiated Indigofera zollingeriana
Authors: Musa Y , Sjahril R , Nadir M , Khaerani P I , Sakinah A I 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aims to identify the effectiveness of gamma-ray irradiation to improve Indigofera seed viability. The study employed Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 5 irradiation dosage (treatment) and 4 replication. The treatment consisted of Irradiation Dosage (A) 0Gy 50Gy; 100Gy;150Gy 200Gy The observed parameter encompassed the germination percentage, mortality percentage, plumule and radicle length, and germination index. The results of ANOVA indicated that gamma-ray irradiated Indigofera seedling had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the parameters of plumule length, germination percentage, and mortality percentage. The significant effect was identified at the dosage range of 0-50 Gy. No significant difference was found at the dosage of 100-200 Gy.
Determination of phosphorus status on duku (lansium domesticum) seedling
Authors: Hernita D , Poerwanto R , Susila AD , Anwar S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Phosphorus, one of the major plant nutrients that is a constituent of plant cells, is essential for cell division and the development of its growing tip. Symptoms of P deficiency or excessive can be seen mainly in the leaves. The sign can be detected visually and can be done by identifying P concentration in each condition. The P status study was conducted in Jambi Provinces, which was applied to duku seedlings planted in sand culture. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design, with five treatments consisting of three plants, each treatment, and three replications. The treatments consisted of five P levels: 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppm. The results showed that P deficiency symptoms were characterized by stunted growth of seedlings, green-brownish and lusterless discoloration, the number of leaves < 4.56, and leaf P concentration < 0.09% (very low nutrient status) and 0.09 ≤ P < 0.14% (low nutrient status). Normal growth, shiny green leaves characterized the sufficient P concentration, number of leaves 4.56–7.00, and leaf P concentration of 0.14 ≤ P < 0.25% (medium nutrient status). Symptoms of excessive P was showed by stunted growth of seedlings, green leaves with yellow and necrotic spots on the leaf blade, the number of leaves < 4.56, P concentrations in the leaf ≥ 0.25% (high and very high nutrient status). The maximum growth of duku seedling for very low nutrient status was 195 ppm P, equivalent to 115 g SP-36/year or 58 g SP-36/6 month.
Factors affecting the implementation of intercropping technology of food crops on upland
Authors: Hastuti C O I , Purnamayani R , Hermawan H , Syahbuddin H 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Intercropping technology program has been implemented to support the achievement of food self-sufficiency. The intercropping technology namely “Turiman” technology is different from the intercropping that is commonly used by farmers before. The aim of this study were to analyze farmers’ perceptions of Turiman technology and to analyze the factors that affect the Turiman implementation. This study was conducted in 7 districts from April to October 2019. Data was collected through a survey method of 40 respondents. The data collected were farmers’ perceptions after the implementation of intercropping technology regarding production increase, land optimization, reduced production costs and increased income, and also the desire of farmers to apply this technology independently and sustainably. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that 95% of respondents had the perception that Turiman technology was able to increase production, 87.5% of respondents had the perception that Turiman could optimize land, 62.5% had the perception that Turiman was able to save production costs, 90% of respondents had the perception that Turiman was able to increase income, so that 72.5% of respondents would like to implement the intercropping technology independently. Factors that significantly influence farmers in implementing turiman were age, experience and perceptions of farmers.
Integrating Clitoria ternatea and corn in dry land farming for seed production and high quality forage for livestock in West Timor East Nusa Tenggara: Oebelo Village farmer’s experience
Authors: Hau D K , Matitaputty P , Achadri Y 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The existing farming in Oebelo Village was a mixed farming. Farmers grow corn once a year in the rainy season, with beans, cassava, onion and pumpkin. Livestock keeping varied between farmers, including cattle, goat, pig, and local chicken. The introduction of Clitoria ternatea opened a new horizon of farming and a new source of income and forage. By integrating Clitoria ternatea farmers were able to: (i) improve corn productivity performance, (ii) receive additional income from selling forage and seed, and (iii) obtain high-quality forage source to feed livestock (goat, pig, and chicken). In 2019, farmersplanted Clitoria ternateaon 0.25 ha after harvest of corn (in February) and sold 30 kg of clitoria seed at 30-35 thousand rupiahs/kg, and feeding forage as additional feed portion to chicken and pigs. In 2019/2020 farmersplanted 3.13 ha, either in monoculture or in a relay, and sold 168 kg of Clitoria seed at 30 thousand rupiahs/kg. In early 2020 the farmers started to raise goats, and also keep on feeding the forage to chicken and pigs. Farmers noticed an improvement in the corn plant performance on the plot previously planted with Clitoria, and harvested more corn grain without even fertilized.
Effect of Planting Corn Harvest Cattle (TJPS) on sustainable integrated farming system in the Village of Raknamo West Kupang Subdistrict of Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Matitaputty P , Hau D K , Nulik J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study is to show community livelihood changes through the improvement of corn and cattle by application of “Planting Corn Harvest Cattle” (TJPS). TJPS is not literally meant that planting corn will that produced cattle, however it is a “tagline” to encourage farmers in the East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) that by improving corn production will give extra cash to buy cattle. The method was a survey involving 50 farmers, collecting primary and secondary data. The productivity of corn in NTT in 2018 was 2.52 ton/ha, while at National level was 5.24 ton/ha. Survey indicated that before TJPS, farmers in Raknamo village produced only 27.9 ton per one planting season, while at TJPS farmers produced 82.1 ton per one planting season, or it almost tripled. For cattle ownership, Raknamo farmers started with no cattle and now own 41 head of cattle. The use of corn cobs mixing with leaf of Tarramba Leucaena give DWG of 0.3 to 0.5 kg/hd/day. Thus it is concluded that TJPS would be an excellent entry door into a sustainable integrated farming system of corn and cattle in the dry land and climate of NTT.
Erosion prediction of several land utilization in Dadakitan Village, Baolan sub-district, Toli-Toli Regency
Authors: Ramlan  , Rahman Abdul , Aniswandi  , Pagiu Salapu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the amount of soil erosion and the danger index of erosion in several lands uses in Dadakitan Village, Baolan Sub-District, Toli-Toli Regency. In this study, slope class maps and land use maps were overlaid, in order to obtain six land uses include the use of paddy fields, coconut plantation, cocoa plantation, cloves plantation, and forests. Erosion prediction was carried out for all land uses. The survey was then carried out on six land uses to observe the slope and the dominant vegetation. Soil samples were taken deliberately for each land use; three samples for each sample of intact soil and disturbed soil. Erosion prediction analysis was using the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation). The results showed that the erosion hazard index occurred in Dadakitan Village was classified as low, high, and very high. Low erosion occurred in paddy fields, coconut plantation, and cocoa plantation. In contrast, high levels of erosion occurred on clove plantation, and very high erosion level occurred on forest lands. The dominant factors affecting the occurrence of erosion in this area were soil erodibility, topography, plant management, and conservation measures.
The effect of environmental factors on the productivity of Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) chicken in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT)
Authors: Rubianti A , Achadri Y , Kote M , Ratnawaty S , Matitaputty P R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) Chicken is a selective range chicken with high egg production. This research aimed to determine the effect of environmental factors, i.e. wind speed, humidity, and temperature, on the productivity of chicken eggs Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) layer 45-48 weeks. The research was conducted in October 2020, located in Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). The data obtained by measurement and calculation of population data, egg production, and mortality. The result showed that the average environmental factors in wind speed, humidity, and temperature were 21.40 m/s, 79.50%, and 30°C. The average egg productivity, body weight, and KUB chicken mortality in the laying phase at 45-48 weeks were 33.56%, 1.684 kg, and four chicken/week. All environmental factors together affect the productivity of KUB chicken in Nusa Tenggara Timur.
The effect of local resources feed on different physiological status of Bali cattle
Authors: Rubianti A , Ratnawati S , Achadri Y , Kote M , Matitaputy P R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of local resource feed on Bali cattle’s different physiological statuses. This study has been carried out in the Lili Experimental Garden and the NTT AIAT from July to October 2019 (for four months). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three feed treatments at different physiological statuses (female parent 5-7 years old, male 2-3 years old, and children 6-12 months old). Each treatment consisted of 3 replications, each with a physiological status of 9 cattles, totaling 27 cattles. Feed ingredients and feed formulations are analyzed in the laboratory using proximate analysis to determine their nutritional content. The parameters observed were the nutritional value of feed, feed intake, changes in body weight at different physiological statuses. The results showed that the feed treatment had a very significant effect (F count> 0.05 and 0.01) on bulls’ body weight changes. It significantly affected feed consumption (bulls, female broodstock, and calves) and changes in body weight in physiological status different (female parent and child). The feed treatment that gave the best average yield was B feed. cattle (0.28 kg/head/day).
The meaning of work of Makassar Tribe Farmers: A case study in Batulapisii, Malino Suburb, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Busthanul N , Demmallino E B , Ali S S , Nadja R A , Syafiuddin M , Djalaluddin A , Amrullah A , Noor A A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Every ethnic Makassar farmer has a meaning that is relevant to the values of the Makassar Tribe in the form of instrument, social, intellectual and expressive meanings in carrying out farming activities, both subsistence farmers who are oriented towards moral choices, meaning that they carry out farming activities only to meet basic and commercial needs. farmer oriented. Rational choice means running farming activities to get maximum benefits. This study aims to describe the rice farming activities in the Batulapisii environment, to describe the meaning of the work of rice farmers in the Batulapisi environment, and to identify the Makassar values that are relevant to the meaning of the work of farmers. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The results showed that the farming that developed in the Batulapisii environment, namely rice and horticulture, as well as subsistence farmers and commercial farmers, had four existing meaning criteria, namely the meaning of the instrument, the social meaning, the intellectual meaning and the meaning of the expression, with some Makassar values relevant to the meaning of farmer work.
Support for animal feed innovation technology in the North Sulawesi border area
Authors: Kairupan Agustinus N. , Silondae Hasrianti , Salamba Herlina N. , Mubarak H 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the visions of the Nawacita Program proclaimed by the President of the Republic of Indonesia, Mr Jokowi, is to build Indonesia from the periphery by strengthening the regions and villages in the NKRI region and the developing of border areas. Each border area has the potential of diverse agricultural and cultural resources, but so far, most of the potential resources have not been managed well or even underutilized. The potential of livestock, land, feed and human resources is available enough to support the development of farms in the border areas. Livestock activities in general in border areas can contribute economically to farmer households. The current problem is that livestock productivity in this region is relatively low. This is due to several things, namely where farmers in raising livestock still use traditional cultivation systems and the use and mastery of technological innovations that are still very limited, especially in the provision of animal feed sources, as a production area of plantation crops and food that produces a lot of untapped side waste. Through several touches of technological innovation, side waste can be processed into a quality source of feed, so it is expected to increase livestock productivity and welfare of farmers in the border region of North Sulawesi.
Characteristics and growth of Merawang Chicken in Bangka Belitung under traditional farming system
Authors: Nuraini  , Hidayat Z , Puspito S , Suyatno  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Merawang Chicken is a local chicken originated from Bangka Belitung based on the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture No.2846/kpts/L8.410/8/2012. In addition to its historical value, Merawang chicken also has high economic value; therefore, it needs to be conserved. Most of the Merawang chicken management system in Bangka Belitung is still traditional. The original characteristics of the Merawang chicken are thought to have been mixed with other native chickens. This study aims to identify Merawang chickens’ characteristics in the Bangka Belitung Islands traditionally raised by farmers. This research was conducted on six farmers in three districts on Bangka Island (Pangkalpinang, Bangka, and Central Bangka). Qualitative and quantitative traits were observed. There was non-uniformity in the qualitative characteristic of Merawang chickens at the farmer level, especially in the color of the feathers. As for the quantitative traits, some of the body sizes of Merawang chickens at the farmer level are still below the size stated in the Minister of Agriculture Decree, such as breast length, head length, and comb length. The Average Daily Gain (ADG) for each location also varies depending on the type of feed given.
The impact of technological innovation of Jajar Legowo 2: 1 planting system on rice business income
Authors: Markus Rawung Jefny B. , Indrasti Rita , Sudolar Neng Risris 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the technological components in rice cultivation is jajar legowo (Jarwo) planting system. The study aimed to determine the impact of the application of Jarwo planting system on rice farming income and reveal the technical and socio-economic factors that might affect the performance of jarwo application in lowland rice farming. The study was conducted in Pinrang Regency area in 2017. Farmer’s characteristic data were collected, and the economic farming was analyzed by either the tegel or the Jarwo planting system. The results showed that the jarwo planting system increases the paddy production up to 33.07% than the tegel system. Moreover, the production cost of Jarwo planting system slightly lower than the tegel system. The R/C value of tegel and Jarwo planting system obtained were 1.21 and 1.87, respectively. In conclusion, the Jarwo planting system has had a beneficial impact on farmers.
Soil properties and infiltration rate in sago palm (Metroxylon sago) forest in Rongkong Watershed South Sulawesi
Authors: Nelsi O , Arsyad U , Bachtiar B , Rampisela D A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sago palm, one of the dominant wetland vegetation in the Rongkong Watershed, contributes to groundwater recharge through its ability to pass water into the ground. This study aims to determine the effect of sago forest canopy density on the infiltration rate in the middle and downstream zones of the Rongkong Watershed in South Sulawesi. Other independent variables were soil texture, permeability, bulk density, porosity, soil organic matter, initial soil moisture, water level, air temperature, and air humidity. The relationship between the independent variables on the infiltration rate was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Infiltration rate observes with ponded infiltration method at five density classes of sago forest. The results showed that the infiltration rate in the middle stream increased along with the increase of density classes of sago forests. The downstream, on the other hand, has an insignificant difference between density classes. The result of the regression analysis showed that the coefficient of determination in the middle and downstream zones was 64.5 % and 38.5 %, respectively. The simultaneous test of variable significance in the middle stream shows that the sago forest canopy density, groundwater level, initial soil moisture, and air humidity significantly affect a p-value <0.05.
Natural silk agroindustry in Wajo Regency
Authors: Tenriawaru A N , Fudjaja L , Jamil M H , Rukka R M , Anisa A , Halil  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Indonesia’s demand for natural silk is quite high for each year, reaching around 200 tons of raw silk threads and 250 tons of spun silk threads, but domestic production of raw silk threads has only reached 110 tons. This shows that Natural Silk has great potential to be developed, especially in South Sulawesi. This business is generally home industry which is relatively easy to work with, simple technology, labor-intensive, fast production, and high economic value. The research was conducted in Wajo Regency in 6 sub-districts of natural silk development. The time for collecting data and information to be used in this study was planned for March - October 2019. The type of data used is primary data and data (collected through field observations followed by direct interviews with 25 entrepreneurs using a questionnaire. The data collected is then analyzed. using the quantitative descriptive analysis to confirm the analysis. Increasing the production of mulberry plants in Wajo is needed for the long term not only as a food ingredient for silkworms but also as a biopharma plant or a mixture of cosmetic ingredients. However, improvements are needed in the quality of cocoon products as well as more advanced technological inputs and capacity building for farmers and their institutions.
The competitiveness analysis of Nutmeg farming as spices in Ternate, North Moluccas
Authors: Assagaf Muhammad , Musyavak Ahmad , Wahab Abdul , Cahyaningrum Hermawati , Tenriawaru N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Today’s agricultural business is faced with various obstacles, and cannot be measured to what extent its competitiveness, while the conception of agricultural development that has competitiveness has not been described more operationally and implementable, so that there is a gap between the ideal conception and the actual field. This study activity aims to analyze the competitiveness of Nutmeg spice farming in terms of domestic resource use in Ternate City. Nutmeg farming in Ternate City has a competitive and comparative advantage, this is indicated by PCR and DRCR values that are smaller than 1 (one). The results of PAM analysis on nutmeg farming have no input transfers because they do not use foreign inputs. The NPCI value for all is below one (<1). The value of NPCI is smaller than one, meaning that domestic prices are lower than world prices, so there can be said to be a subsidy policy from the government. Whereas for nutmeg farming. The transfer value of factors for nutmeg is positive, this indicates that there is an implicit tax or transfer from the nutmeg farmer to domestic factor, so farmers have to pay more than the price of the shadow (social).
Characteristics of rice agribusiness in rural areas of Serdang Bedagai regency, North Sumatra
Authors: Girsang Moral Abadi , Ramija Khadijah El , Marpaung Imelda S , Manurung Erpina Delina , Sipahutar Tumpal , Haloho L , Nainggolan P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of the rice farming system in Serdang Bedagai Regency and to recommend policies to increase the contribution of rice agribusiness to rural development. The studies carried out included the existing technology used by farmers, production, productivity, cropping index, analysis of farming system and distribution, and marketing of products. The research method used in this study is a survey method with a purposive sampling technique to 40 farmer respondents. Structured interviews were also conducted with traders, rice mill entrepreneurs, and policymakers. The data analysis used in this research is qualitative and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is used to find an overview of the technology, production, productivity, cropping index, and marketing and to explain the costs and income of rice farmers which are described descriptively. The quantitative analysis used is the analysis of farm costs and income, which are the ratio of revenue and costs (R/C ratio) analysis and the cost per kg milled dry grain. The results showed that the cultivation technology used by farmers was varied, there were 23 villages whose rice productivity was still below 5 tons/h, 10 villages in 3 sub-districts had the cropping index still below 2, the R/C ratio of rice farming was 1.45, where the cost to produce 1 kg of milled dry grain in Serdang Bedagai Regency, on average are IDR 3,099. Meanwhile, the distribution and marketing of the harvest were controlled by big rice mill entrepreneurs.