bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Royal society of Canada COVID-19 report: Enhancing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Canada
Authors: MacDonald Noni E. , Comeau Jeannette , Dubé Ève , Graham Janice , Greenwood Margo , Harmon Shawn , McElhaney Janet , Meghan McMurtry C. , Middleton Alan , Steenbeek Audrey , Taddio Anna 
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance exists on a continuum from a minority who strongly oppose vaccination, to the “moveable middle” heterogeneous group with varying uncertainty levels about acceptance or hesitancy, to the majority who state willingness to be vaccinated. Intention for vaccine acceptance varies over time. COVID-19 vaccination decisions are influenced by many factors including knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs; social networks; communication environment; COVID-19 community rate; cultural and religious influences; ease of access; and the organization of health and community services and policies. Reflecting vaccine acceptance complexity, the Royal Society of Canada Working Group on COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance developed a framework with four major factor domains that influence vaccine acceptance (people, communities, health care workers; immunization knowledge; health care and public health systems including federal/provincial/territorial/indigenous factors)—each influencing the others and all influenced by education, infection control, extent of collaborations, and communications about COVID-19 immunization. The Working Group then developed 37 interrelated recommendations to support COVID vaccine acceptance nested under four categories of responsibility: 1. People and Communities, 2. Health Care Workers, 3. Health Care System and Local Public Health Units, and 4. Federal/Provincial/Territorial/Indigenous. To optimize outcomes, all must be engaged to ensure co-development and broad ownership.
Production cross sections of tetraquark states in elementary hadronic collisions
Authors: Balassa Gábor , Wolf György 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInclusive production cross sections of the possible exotic stateX(3872) in proton–proton, pion-proton and proton–antiproton collisions are calculated using a statistical based model, which is previously used to describe inclusive charmed and bottomed hadron production cross sections in the low energy region. With the extensions made here the model is capable to include tetraquarks as well, using the diquark picture of tetraquarks. The evaluated cross section ratio of$$\varPsi (2S)$$Ψ(2S)andX(3872) at$$\sqrt{s}=7$$s=7TeV agrees well with the measured value.
Quantum technologies in the telecommunications industry
Authors: Martin Vicente , Brito Juan Pedro , Escribano Carmen , Menchetti Marco , White Catherine , Lord Andrew , Wissel Felix , Gunkel Matthias , Gavignet Paulette , Genay Naveena , Le Moult Olivier , Abellán Carlos , Manzalini Antonio , Pastor-Perales Antonio , López Victor , López Diego 
Published: July 2021

AbstractQuantum based technologies have been fundamental in our world. After producing the laser and the transistor, the devices that have shaped our modern information society, the possibilities enabled by the ability to create and manipulate individual quantum states opens the door to a second quantum revolution. In this paper we explore the possibilities that these new technologies bring to the Telecommunications industry.
SpinQ Gemini: a desktop quantum computing platform for education and research
Authors: Hou Shi-Yao , Feng Guanru , Wu Zipeng , Zou Hongyang , Shi Wei , Zeng Jinfeng , Cao Chenfeng , Yu Sheng , Sheng Zikai , Rao Xin , Ren Bing , Lu Dawei , Zou Junting , Miao Guoxing , Xiang Jingen , Zeng Bei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSpinQ Gemini is a commercial desktop quantum computing platform designed and manufactured by SpinQ Technology. It is an integrated hardware-software system. The first generation product with two qubits was launched in January 2020. The hardware is based on NMR spectrometer, with permanent magnets providing ∼1 T magnetic field. SpinQ Gemini operates under room temperature (0–30°C), highlighting its lightweight (55 kg with a volume of$70\times 40 \times 80\text{ cm}^{3}$70×40×80 cm3), cost-effective (under 50k USD), and maintenance-free. SpinQ Gemini aims to provide real-device experience for quantum computing education for K-12 and at the college level. It also features quantum control design capabilities that benefit the researchers studying quantum control and quantum noise. Since its first launch, SpinQ Gemini has been shipped to institutions in Canada, Taiwan and Mainland China. This paper introduces the system of design of SpinQ Gemini, from hardware to software. We also demonstrate examples for performing quantum computing tasks on SpinQ Gemini, including one task for a variational quantum eigensolver of a two-qubit Heisenberg model. The next generations of SpinQ quantum computing devices will adopt models of more qubits, advanced control functions for researchers with comparable cost, as well as simplified models for much lower cost (under 5k USD) for K-12 education. We believe that low-cost portable quantum computing products will facilitate hands-on experience for teaching quantum computing at all levels, well-prepare younger generations of students and researchers for the future of quantum technologies.
Drug Release Effect on Large-Clearance TiO2 Nanotube Arrays Decorated with P25 Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Tao , Liu Nannan , Zhang Yiyuan , Xiao Xiufeng 
Published: July 2021

Large-clearance TiO2 nanotube arrays (LTAs) were synthesized by anodization, and evenly distributed P25 nanoparticles (P25 NPs) decorated on this were prepared by the hydrothermal treatment. The effect of P25 concentrations on the morphology of LATs was studied. LTAs decorated with P25 NPs (LTAs-P25) were loaded with ibuprofen (IBU), and the release properties were investigated. Interestingly, P25 NPs were successfully decorated on the surface of LTAs, with an optimal concentration of

1.2
×

10

−
3

M. The total amount of drug released from LTAs increased by 49.5% compared to that from TiO2 nanotube arrays without large clearance. LTAs-P25 provided a lower burst and longer release time.
Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress among Adult Former Smoker, Current E-Cigarette Users—Results from Wave 1 PATH Study
Authors: Christensen Carol H. , Chang Joanne T. , Rostron Brian L. , Hammad Hoda T. , van Bemmel Dana M. , Del Valle-Pinero Arseima Y. , Wang Baoguang , Mishina Elena V. , Faulcon Lisa M. , DePina Ana , Brown-Baker La'Nissa , Kimmel Heather L. , Lambert Elizabeth , Blount Benjamin C. , Vesper Huber W. , Wang Lanqing , Goniewicz Maciej L. , Hyland Andrew , Travers Mark J. , Hatsukami Dorothy K. , Niaura Raymond , Cummings K. Michael , Taylor Kristie A. , Edwards Kathryn C. , Borek Nicolette , Ambrose Bridget K. , Chang Cindy M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background:
Former smokers who currently use e-cigarettes have lower concentrations of biomarkers of tobacco toxicant exposure than current smokers. It is unclear whether tobacco toxicant exposure reductions may lead to health risk reductions.

Methods:
We compared inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL6, fibrinogen, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and an oxidative stress marker (F2-isoprostane) among 3,712 adult participants in Wave 1 (2013–2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study by tobacco user groups: dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes; former smokers who currently use e-cigarettes-only; current cigarette-only smokers; former smokers who do not currently use any tobacco; and never tobacco users. We calculated geometric means (GM) and estimated adjusted GM ratios (GMR).

Results:
Dual users experienced greater concentration of F2-isoprostane than current cigarette-only smokers [GMR 1.09 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.03–1.15)]. Biomarkers were similar between former smokers who currently use e-cigarettes and both former smokers who do not use any tobacco and never tobacco users, but among these groups most biomarkers were lower than those of current cigarette-only smokers. The concentration of F2-isoprostane decreased by time since smoking cessation among both exclusive e-cigarette users (Ptrend = 0.03) and former smokers who do not currently use any tobacco (Ptrend = 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Dual users have greater concentration of F2-isoprostane than smokers. Exclusive e-cigarette users have biomarker concentrations that are similar to those of former smokers who do not currently use tobacco, and lower than those of exclusive cigarette smokers.

Impact:
This study contributes to an understanding of the health effects of e-cigarettes.
Restructuring of U.S. Federal Coordination to Advance Meteorological Services
Authors: Droegemeier Kelvin K. , Jacobs Neil A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
For the first time in over 50 years, the United States has, at the direction of Congress, restructured the way in which federal departments and agencies coordinate to advance meteorological services. The new framework, known as the Interagency Council for Advancing Meteorological Services (ICAMS), encompasses activities spanning local weather to global climate using an Earth system approach. Compared to the previous structure, ICAMS provides a simplified, streamlined framework for coordination across all stakeholders in implementing policies and practices associated with the broad set of services needed by the United States now and into the future. ICAMS also provides improved pathways for research and services integration, as well as mechanisms to more effectively engage the broader community, including academia, industry, nonprofit organizations, and particularly the next generation of educators, researchers, and operational practitioners.
The impact of convective overshooting on the thermal structure over the Tibetan Plateau in summer based on TRMM, COSMIC, radiosonde and reanalysis data
Authors: Sun Nan , Fu Yunfei , Zhong Lei , Zhao Chun , Li Rui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we examine convective overshooting and its effects on the thermal structure of the troposphere and lower stratosphere in the Tibetan Plateau in summer by matching the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) with Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA), Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 5th Reanalysis (ERA-5), the Japanese Meteorological Association 55-year reanalysis (JRA-55) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Versions2 (MERRA-2). It was found that convective overshooting mainly occurs in the central and eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau, and its frequency varies from 0.01 × 10−4to 0.91 × 10−4. The convective overshooting warms the low middle tropopause and cools the tropopause nearby significantly, which can also makes air get wetter. The tropopause of the convective overshooting is substantially lower than the mean tropopause. Statistical results calculated from the five datasets are generally consistent; however, each dataset has its own strengths and weaknesses. The high spatiotemporal resolution temperature profiles from ERA-5 along with the high vertical resolution temperature profiles from COSMIC can be combined to accurately study convective overshooting in the Tibetan Plateau.
Asymmetry in Subseasonal Surface Air Temperature Forecast Error with Respect to Soil Moisture Initialization
Authors: Koster Randal D. , DeAngelis Anthony M. , Schubert Siegfried D. , Molod Andrea M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSoil moisture (W) helps control evapotranspiration (ET), and ET variations can in turn have a distinct impact on 2-m air temperature (T2M), given that increases in evaporative cooling encourage reduced temperatures. Soil moisture is accordingly linked to T2M, and realistic soil moisture initialization has, in previous studies, been shown to improve the skill of subseasonal T2M forecasts. The relationship between soil moisture and evapotranspiration, however, is distinctly nonlinear, with ET tending to increase with soil moisture in drier conditions and to be insensitive to soil moisture variations in wetter conditions. Here, through an extensive analysis of subseasonal forecasts produced with a state-of-the-art seasonal forecast system, this nonlinearity is shown to imprint itself on T2M forecast error in the conterminous United States in two unique ways: (i) the T2M forecast bias (relative to independent observations) induced by a negative precipitation bias tends to be larger for dry initializations, and (ii) on average, the unbiased root-mean-square error (ubRMSE) tends to be larger for dry initializations. Such findings can aid in the identification of forecasts of opportunity; taken a step further, they suggest a pathway for improving bias correction and uncertainty estimation in subseasonal T2M forecasts by conditioning each on initial soil moisture state.
Cold Season Performance of the NU-WRF Regional Climate Model in the Great Lakes Region
Authors: Notaro Michael , Zhong Yafang , Xue Pengfei , Peters-Lidard Christa , Cruz Carlos , Kemp Eric , Kristovich David , Kulie Mark , Wang Junming , Huang Chenfu , Vavrus Stephen J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs Earth’s largest collection of fresh water, the Laurentian Great Lakes have enormous ecological and socio-economic value. Their basin has become a regional hotspot of climatic and limnological change, potentially threatening its vital natural resources. Consequentially, there is a need to assess the current state of climate models regarding their performance across the Great Lakes region and develop the next generation of high-resolution regional climate models to address complex limnological processes and lake-atmosphere interactions. In response to this need, the current paper focuses on the generation and analysis of a 20-member ensemble of 3-km National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)-Unified Weather Research and Forecasting (NU-WRF) simulations for the 2014-2015 cold season. The study aims to identify the model’s strengths and weaknesses; optimal configuration for the region; and the impacts of different physics parameterizations, coupling to a 1D lake model, time-variant lake-surface temperatures, and spectral nudging. Several key biases are identified in the cold-season simulations for the Great Lakes region, including an atmospheric cold bias that is amplified by coupling to a 1D lake model but diminished by applying the Community Atmosphere Model radiation scheme and Morrison microphysics scheme; an excess precipitation bias; anomalously early initiation of fall lake turnover and subsequent cold lake bias; excessive and overly persistent lake ice cover; and insufficient evaporation over Lakes Superior and Huron. The research team is currently addressing these key limitations by coupling NU-WRF to a 3D lake model in support of the next generation of regional climate models for the critical Great Lakes Basin.
Antibiotic Use and Associated Risk Factors for Antibiotic Prescribing in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Martin Alysa J. , Shulder Stephanie , Dobrzynski David , Quartuccio Katelyn , Pillinger Kelly E. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Literature suggests that antibiotic prescribing in COVID-19 patients is high. Currently, there are insufficient data on what drives antibiotic prescribing practices throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: This study sought to determine antibiotic use rates and identify risk factors for antibiotic prescribing in hospitalized patients. It was the first study to assess risk factors for receiving more than 1 course of antibiotics. Methods: This was a retrospective, multi-center, observational study. Patients admitted from March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020, and treated for COVID-19 were included. The primary endpoint was the rate of antibiotic use during hospitalization. Secondary endpoints included risk factors associated with antibiotic use, risk factors associated with receiving more than 1 antibiotic course, and rate of microbiologically confirmed infections. Results: A total of 208 encounters (198 patients) were included in the final analysis. Eighty-three percent of patients received at least 1 course of antibiotics, despite low rates of microbiologically confirmed infection (12%). Almost one-third of patients (30%) received more than 1 course of antibiotics. Risk factors identified for both antibiotic prescribing and receiving more than 1 course of antibiotics included increased hospital length of stay (median 12 days), intensive care unit admission, and the necessity for mechanical ventilation. Conclusion and Relevance: There were high rates of antibiotic prescribing with low rates of microbiologically confirmed bacterial co-infection. Many patients received more than 1 course of antibiotics during hospitalization. This study highlights the importance and demand for appropriate antibiotic stewardship practices in COVID-19 patients.
Enhanced crystallization behaviors and dielectric performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride) film induced by polyamide-1
Authors: Yuan Dandan , Yang Rundi , Xu Yuanting , Cai Xufu 
Published: July 2021

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based composites attract tremendous attention as dielectric materials. However, their development has been limited due to the raised problem in the in-homogeneous polymer composites. In this work, a novel PVDF-based film incorporated with polyamide-1, containing the highest density of dipole among all polyamides, was prepared to improve the crystallization behaviors and dielectric properties. The results showed that the optimal concentration of polyamide-1 in PVDF was 6 wt.%. The crystallization rate of PVDF was improved in the presence of polyamide-1. Interestingly, the polyamide-1 was conductive to the formation of β form crystal of PVDF, which exhibited great electric performance. The dielectric constant of PVDF increased sharply and loss tangent still kept at a low level of 0.03@100 Hz when the concentration of polyamide-1 was 6 wt.%. This work may provide a new direction to design dielectric materials for PVDF blends.
Avoiding misclassification of thrombotic primary antiphospholipid syndrome as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): What are the best-performing SLE classification criteria?
Authors: Signorelli Flavio , Balbi Gustavo Guimarães Moreira , Bonfá Eloisa , Borba Eduardo F , Andrade Danieli Castro de Oliveira 
Published: July 2021

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome (PAPS) overlap clinical and immunological features. Therefore, misclassification of PAPS patients as SLE is a concern. The ACR/EULAR 2019 SLE classification has never been studied in PAPS. Objective To verify if the ACR/EULAR 2019 SLE classification can correctly classify a PAPS patient as not having SLE and compare its performance with the SLICC 2012 SLE classification. Methods: One-hundred thrombotic PAPS patients who fulfilled the Sidney criteria were consecutively screened and those who attended the inclusion criteria were submitted to ACR/EULAR 2019 and SLICC 2012 classifications. Results Sixty-seven PAPS patients were included in this study. The majority was female (89.6%) with median age at study inclusion of 45 years (35–53) and median PAPS disease duration of 13 years (8–19). PAPS correct classification was observed more often with ACR/EULAR 2019 than SLICC 2021 criteria (94.0% vs. 64.2%; p < 0.001). The 4 misclassified patients in ACR/EULAR 2019 were also misclassified in SLICC 2012. The comparison of misclassified patients to those correctly not classified as SLE resulted, for both criteria, in higher frequencies of hematological domain [ACR/EULAR 2019 (100% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.010) and SLICC 2012 (95.8% vs. 11.6%, p < 0.001)]. Further analysis of hematological manifestations revealed that for the ACR/EULAR 2019 leukopenia (100% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.004) and for the SLICC 2012 leukopenia/lymphopenia (91.7% vs. 7%, p < 0.001) were more frequent in misclassified group. Proteinuria (20.8% vs. 0%, p = 0.004) and low complement (45.8% vs. 20.9%, p = 0.033) were also more often observed in the incorrectly SLICC 2012 classified patients. Conclusion ACR/EULAR 2019 had high accuracy for distinguishing PAPS from SLE, whereas the SLICC 2012 incorrectly classified more than one third of the PAPS patients as having SLE.
Taxifolin Protects Dental Pulp Stem Cells under Hypoxia and Inflammation Conditions
Authors: Fu Xiaohui , Feng Yimiao , Shao Bingyi , Zhang Yanzhen 
Published: July 2021

Background: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a unique source for future clinical application in dentistry such as periodontology or endodontics. However, DPSCs are prone to apoptosis under abnormal conditions. Taxifolin is a natural flavonoid and possesses many pharmacological activities including anti-hypoxic and anti-inflammatory. We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of taxifolin protects DPSC under hypoxia and inflammatory conditions. Methods: DPSCs from human dental pulp tissue was purchased from Lonza (cat. no. PT-5025. Basel, Switzerland)) and identified by DPSC’s biomarkers. DPSC differentiation in vitro following the manufacturers’ instructions. ARS staining and Oil red staining verify the efficiency of differentiation in vitro after 2 weeks. The changes of various genes and proteins were identified by Q-PCR and western-blot, respectively. Cell viability was determined by the CCK-8 method, while apoptosis was determined by Annexin V/PI staining. Results: DPSC differentiation in vitro shows that hypoxia and TNF-α synergistically inhibit the survival and osteogenesis of DPSCs. A final concentration of 10 μM Taxifolin can significantly reduce the apoptosis of DPSCs under inflammation and hypoxia conditions. Taxifolin substantially increases carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) expression but not HIF1a, and inhibitions of CA9 expression nullify the protective role of taxifolin under hypoxia and inflammatory condition. Conclusion: Taxifolin significantly increased the expression of CA9 when it inhibits DPSC apoptosis and taxifolin synergistically to protect DPSCs against apoptosis with CA9 under hypoxia and inflammatory conditions. Taxifolin can be used as a potential drug for clinical treatment of DPSC-related diseases.
Gendered and generational dynamics of domestic automations
Authors: Sinanan Jolynna , Horst Heather A 
Published: July 2021

Automation in the home is often presented as a value neutral process which makes life easier, more efficient and more productive. As recent research on the introduction of domestic technologies has revealed, these technologies are rarely value neutral and often work to reinforce gender dynamics in the household. This article examines the gendered and generational dimensions of how smart and automated technologies are being integrated into homes. Drawing upon 3 years research conducted between 2015 and 2017 in 11 households in Melbourne, Australia, we examine how households manage the storing and transfer of digital material and digital devices (images, videos and files from smartphones, tablets and laptops). Digital materials move within households and between different family members, and these processes are governed by often unstated rules, including changes in the life course. By examining the relationships between gendered and generational roles and automation in the household, we highlight the importance of smaller scale interpersonal relationships, which influences the negotiation of automation in emotionally laden contexts of families. Automated decision making may both support and challenge gendered norms around technology ownership and management.