bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loyalties Beyond Life: An Essay on the Film Coco From a Transgenerational Perspective
Authors: Schuler Emily , Dias Cristina M d S B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The animated film Coco tells the story of the web of relationships of a multigenerational family that faces its history, myths, and loyalties. Miguel, the film’s protagonist, is confronted with his family history when he expresses his dream of being a musician, and he goes through an adventure of finding himself in the midst of his family’s loyalties to the past and its history with music, spanning several generations. The aim of this article is to analyze the film from a transgenerational approach, conversing with systemic theory as well, taking into consideration questions about the characters of the Rivera multigenerational family, the dynamics of their relationships, and the invisible loyalties that present themselves in the movie. Thus, the film was analysed as a case study, using also as instrument simplified genogram. The film reveals the loyalties that are passed on from generation to generation, derived from a myth and a family secret, unveiled in the plot, which will explain inter- and transgenerational relationships in the film’s family. The role of the great-grandmother stands out as a hidden protagonist in the movie.
Improved full waveform moment tensor inversion of Cratonic intraplate earthquakes in southwest Australia
Authors: Lin Xiangdong , Yuan Huaiyu , Dentith Michael C , Murdie Ruth , Gessner Klaus , Nayak Avinash 
Published: May 2021

SUMMARYIn contrast to global observations in stable continental crust, the present-day orientation of the maximum horizontal stress in Western Australia is at a high angle to plate motion, suggesting that in addition to large-scale plate driving forces, local factors also play an important role in stress repartitioning. As a reliable stress indicator, full waveform moment tensor solutions are calculated for earthquakes that occurred between 2010 and 2018 in the southern Yilgarn Craton and the adjacent Albany-Fraser Orogen in southwestern Australia. Due to regional velocity heterogeneities in the crust, we produced two geographically distinct shear wave velocity models by combining published crustal velocity models with new ambient noise tomography results. We applied a full waveform inversion technique to 15 local earthquakes and obtained 10 robust results. Three of these events occurred near Lake Muir in the extreme south of the study area within the Albany-Fraser Orogen. The focal mechanism of the 16th September 2018 Lake Muir event is thrust; two ML≥ 4.0 aftershocks are normal and strike-slip. Our results are consistent with field observations, fault orientations inferred from aeromagnetic data and surface displacements mapped by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar which are all consistent with reactivation of existing faults. The other seven solutions are in the southeastern Yilgarn Craton. These solutions show that the faulting mechanisms are predominantly thrust and strike-slip. This kinematic framework is consistent with previous studies that linked active seismicity in the Yilgarn Craton to the reactivation of the NNW–SSE oriented Neoarchean structures by an approximately E–W oriented regional stress field. Our results suggest that the kind of faulting that occurs in southwest Australia is critically dependent on the local geological structure. Thrust faulting is the dominant rupture mechanism, with some strike-slip faulting occurring on favourably oriented structures.
Disruptions in maternal and child health service utilization during COVID-19: analysis from eight sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Shapira Gil , Ahmed Tashrik , Drouard Salomé Henriette Paulette , Amor Fernandez Pablo , Kandpal Eeshani , Nzelu Charles , Wesseh Chea Sanford , Mohamud Nur Ali , Smart Francis , Mwansambo Charles , Baye Martina L , Diabate Mamatou , Yuma Sylvain , Ogunlayi Munirat , Rusatira Rwema Jean De Dieu , Hashemi Tawab , Vergeer Petra , Friedman Jed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The coronavirus-19 pandemic and its secondary effects threaten the continuity of essential health services delivery, which may lead to worsened population health and a protracted public health crisis. We quantify such disruptions, focusing on maternal and child health, in eight sub-Saharan countries. Service volumes are extracted from administrative systems for 63 954 facilities in eight countries: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Somalia. Using an interrupted time series design and an ordinary least squares regression model with facility-level fixed effects, we analyze data from January 2018 to February 2020 to predict what service utilization levels would have been in March–July 2020 in the absence of the pandemic, accounting for both secular trends and seasonality. Estimates of disruption are derived by comparing the predicted and observed service utilization levels during the pandemic period. All countries experienced service disruptions for at least 1 month, but the magnitude and duration of the disruptions vary. Outpatient consultations and child vaccinations were the most commonly affected services and fell by the largest margins. We estimate a cumulative shortfall of 5 149 491 outpatient consultations and 328 961 third-dose pentavalent vaccinations during the 5 months in these eight countries. Decreases in maternal health service utilization are less generalized, although significant declines in institutional deliveries, antenatal care and postnatal care were detected in some countries. There is a need to better understand the factors determining the magnitude and duration of such disruptions in order to design interventions that would respond to the shortfall in care. Service delivery modifications need to be both highly contextualized and integrated as a core component of future epidemic response and planning.
Targeted HAI-2 deletion causes excessive proteolysis with prolonged active prostasin and depletion of HAI-1 monomer in intestinal but not epidermal epithelial cells
Authors: Barndt Robert B , Lee Mon-Juan , Huang Nanxi , Lu Dajun D , Lee See-Chi , Du Po-Wen , Chang Chun-Chia , Tsai Ping-Feng B , Huang Yu-Siou K , Chang Hao-Ming , Wang Jehng-Kang , Lai Chih-Hsin , Johnson Michael D , Lin Chen-Yong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mutations of SPINT2, the gene encoding the integral membrane, Kunitz-type serine inhibitor HAI-2, primarily affect the intestine, while sparing many other HAI-2-expressing tissues, causing sodium loss in patients with syndromic congenital sodium diarrhea. The membrane-bound serine protease prostasin was previously identified as a HAI-2 target protease in intestinal tissues but not in the skin. In both tissues, the highly related inhibitor HAI-1 is, however, the default inhibitor for prostasin and the type 2 transmembrane serine protease matriptase. This cell-type selective functional linkage may contribute to the organ-selective damage associated with SPINT 2 mutations. To this end, the impact of HAI-2 deletion on matriptase and prostasin proteolysis was, here, compared using Caco-2 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and HaCaT human keratinocytes. Greatly enhanced prostasin proteolytic activity with a prolonged half-life and significant depletion of HAI-1 monomer were observed with HAI-2 loss in Caco-2 cells but not HaCaT cells. The constitutive, high level prostasin zymogen activation observed in Caco-2 cells, but not in HaCaT cells, also contributes to the excessive prostasin proteolytic activity caused by HAI-2 loss. HAI-2 deletion also caused increased matriptase zymogen activation, likely as an indirect result of increased prostasin proteolysis. This increase in activated matriptase, however, only had a negligible role in depletion of HAI-1 monomer. Our study suggests that the constitutive, high level of prostasin zymogen activation and the cell-type selective functional relationship between HAI-2 and prostasin renders Caco-2 cells more susceptible than HaCaT cells to the loss of HAI-2, causing a severe imbalance favoring prostasin proteolysis.
Authentic Research in the Classroom Increases Appreciation for Plants in Undergraduate Biology Students
Authors: Hiatt Anna C , Hove Alisa A , Ward Jennifer Rhode , Ventura Liane , Neufeld Howard S , Boyd Amy E , Clarke H David , Horton Jonathan L , Murrell Zack E 
Published: May 2021

SynopsisEngaging students in authentic research increases student knowledge, develops STEM skills, such as data analysis and scientific communication, and builds community. Creating authentic research opportunities in plant biology might be particularly crucial in addressing plant awareness disparity (PAD) (formerly known as plant blindness), producing graduates with botanical literacy, and preparing students for plant-focused careers. Our consortium created four CUREs (course-based undergraduate research experiences) focused on dual themes of plant biology and global change, designed to be utilized by early and late-career undergraduates across a variety of educational settings. We implemented these CURES for four semesters, in a total of 15 courses, at four institutions. Pre- and post-course assessments used the Affective Elements of Science Learning Questionnaire and parts of a “plant blindness” instrument to quantify changes in scientific self-efficacy, science values, scientific identity, and plant awareness or knowledge. The qualitative assessment also queried self-efficacy, science values, and scientific identity. Data revealed significant and positive shifts in awareness of and interest in plants across institutions. However, quantitative gains in self-efficacy and scientific identity were only found at two of four institutions tested. This project demonstrates that implementing plant CUREs can produce affective and cognitive gains across institutional types and course levels. Focusing on real-world research questions that capture students’ imaginations and connect to their sense of place could create plant awareness while anchoring students in scientific identities. While simple interventions can alleviate PAD, implementing multiple CUREs per course, or focusing more on final CURE products, could promote larger and more consistent gains in student affect across institutions.
Bene“fit” Assessment in Pollination Coevolution: Mechanistic Perspectives on Hummingbird Bill–Flower Matching
Authors: Rico-Guevara Alejandro , Hurme Kristiina J , Elting Rosalee , Russell Avery L 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOne of the reasons why flowering plants became the most diverse group of land plants is their association with animals to reproduce. The earliest examples of this mutualism involved insects foraging for food from plants and, in the process, pollinating them. Vertebrates are latecomers to these mutualisms, but birds, in particular, present a wide variety of nectar-feeding clades that have adapted to solve similar challenges. Such challenges include surviving on small caloric rewards widely scattered across the landscape, matching their foraging strategy to nectar replenishment rate, and efficiently collecting this liquid food from well-protected chambers deep inside flowers. One particular set of convergent traits among plants and their bird pollinators has been especially well studied: the match between the shape and size of bird bills and ornithophilous flowers. Focusing on a highly specialized group, hummingbirds, we examine the expected benefits from bill–flower matching, with a strong focus on the benefits to the hummingbird and how to quantify them. Explanations for the coevolution of bill–flower matching include (1) that the evolution of traits by bird-pollinated plants, such as long and thin corollas, prevents less efficient pollinators (e.g., insects) from accessing the nectar and (2) that increased matching, as a result of reciprocal adaptation, benefits both the bird (nectar extraction efficiency) and the plant (pollen transfer). In addition to nectar-feeding, we discuss how interference and exploitative competition also play a significant role in the evolution and maintenance of trait matching. We present hummingbird–plant interactions as a model system to understand how trait matching evolves and how pollinator behavior can modify expectations based solely on morphological matching, and discuss the implications of this behavioral modulation for the maintenance of specialization. While this perspective piece directly concerns hummingbird–plant interactions, the implications are much broader. Functional trait matching is likely common in coevolutionary interactions (e.g., in predator–prey interactions), yet the physical mechanisms underlying trait matching are understudied and rarely quantified. We summarize existing methods and present novel approaches that can be used to quantify key benefits to interacting partners in a variety of ecological systems.
C*-blocks and crossed products for classical p-adic groups
Authors: Afgoustidis Alexandre , Aubert Anne-Marie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Let $G$ be a real or $p$-adic reductive group. We consider the tempered dual of $G$, and its connected components. For real groups, Wassermann proved in 1987, by noncommutative-geometric methods, that each connected component has a simple geometric structure which encodes the reducibility of induced representations. For $p$-adic groups, each connected component of the tempered dual comes with a compact torus equipped with a finite group action, and we prove that a version of Wassermann’s theorem holds true under a certain geometric assumption on the structure of stabilizers for that action. We then focus on the case where $G$ is a quasi-split symplectic, orthogonal or unitary group, and explicitly determine the connected components for which the geometric assumption is satisfied.
Short-term forecasting of the COVID-19 outbreak in India
Authors: Mangla Sherry , Pathak Ashok Kumar , Arshad Mohd , Haque Ubydul 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading in different parts of India, a reliable forecast for the cumulative confirmed cases and the number of deaths can be helpful for policymakers in making the decisions for utilizing available resources in the country. Recently, various mathematical models have been used to predict the outbreak of COVID-19 worldwide and also in India. In this article we use exponential, logistic, Gompertz growth and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to predict the spread of COVID-19 in India after the announcement of various unlock phases. The mean absolute percentage error and root mean square error comparative measures were used to check the goodness-of-fit of the growth models and Akaike information criterion for ARIMA model selection. Using COVID-19 pandemic data up to 20 December 2020 from India and its five most affected states (Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Kerala), we report 15-days-ahead forecasts for cumulative confirmed cases and the number of deaths. Based on available data, we found that the ARIMA model is the best-fitting model for COVID-19 cases in India and its most affected states.
Assessing hospital electronic health record vendor performance across publicly reported quality measures
Authors: Holmgren A Jay , Kuznetsova Masha , Classen David , Bates David W 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
Little is known regarding variation among electronic health record (EHR) vendors in quality performance. This issue is compounded by selection effects in which high-quality hospitals coalesce to a subset of market leading vendors. We measured hospital performance, stratified by EHR vendor, across 4 quality metrics.

Materials and Methods
We used data on 1272 hospitals in 2018 across 4 quality measures: Leapfrog Computerized Provider Order Entry/EHR Evaluation, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Hospital Compare Star Ratings, Hospital-Acquired Condition (HAC) score, and Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP) ratio. We examined score distributions and used multivariable regression to evaluate the association between vendor and score, recovering partial R2 to assess the proportion of quality variation explained by vendor.

Results
We found significant variation across and within EHR vendors. The largest vendor, vendor A, had the highest mean score on the Leapfrog Computerized Provider Order Entry/EHR Evaluation and HRRP ratio, vendor G had the highest Hospital Compare score, and vendor F had the highest HAC score. In adjusted models, no vendor was significantly associated with higher performance on more than 2 measures. EHR vendor explained between 1.2% (HAC) and 7.6 (HRRP) of the variation in quality performance.

Discussion
No EHR vendor was associated with higher quality across all measures, and the 2 largest vendors were not associated with the highest scores. Only a small fraction of quality variation was explained by EHR vendor choice.

Conclusions
Top performance on quality measures can be achieved with any EHR vendor; much of quality performance is driven by the hospital and how it uses the EHR.
Community Responses to a Changing Security Landscape at the Colombia–Venezuela Border: The Case of La Guajira
Authors: Masullo Juan , Zulver Julia , Idler Annette 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Colombian–Venezuelan borderlands are facing a ‘double crisis’: at the same time as armed groups reconfigure following the demobilization of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), Colombia is concurrently receiving millions of refugees, migrants, and Colombian returnees from neighbouring Venezuela. While much international coverage of the crisis has focused on Cúcuta, the major border crossing in the department of Norte de Santander, the crossing via the Guajira Peninsula is the second most frequented official land crossing into Colombia. In 2020, La Guajira was home to more than 166,000 refugees and migrants, the third highest concentration in the country. This happened at the same time as new and old armed groups were using violent measures to control strategic territory in the region. This practice note takes stock of the risks that affect security conditions as perceived and experienced by communities in La Guajira, and outlines the self-protection strategies that some communities employ to respond to the changing security conditions. It demonstrates the need for enhancing efforts for integration (for example, documentation) and response mechanisms that are shared between Colombia and other countries in the region in order to mitigate risks for Venezuelans in border regions of Colombia. The information reported here comes from a targeted civil society workshop held in Riohacha—the capital city of La Guajira—and a field visit made in April 2019 under the research programme ‘From Conflict Actors to Architects of Peace—CONPEACE’.
Stereotactic body radiation therapy for Japanese patients with localized prostate cancer: 2-year results and predictive factors for acute genitourinary toxicities
Authors: Ito Makoto , Yoshioka Yasuo , Takase Yuuki , Suzuki Junji , Matsunaga Takuma , Takahashi Hironori , Takeuchi Arisa , Adachi Sou , Abe Souichirou , Oshima Yukihiko , Ohtakara Kazuhiro , Suzuki Kojiro , Okuda Takahito 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
We aimed to report the 2-year results of stereotactic body radiation therapy for prostate cancer and identify the clinical and dosimetric factors that predict acute genitourinary toxicities.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer treated at Toyota Memorial Hospital between 2017 and 2020. The patients were treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy with a total dose of 36.25 Gy in five fractions on consecutive weekdays. While low-risk patients received radiotherapy alone, intermediate- to high-risk patients also received androgen deprivation therapy.

Results
We analysed a total of 104 patients, including 10, 60 and 34 low-, intermediate- and high-risk patients, respectively. The median follow-up duration was 2 years. We did not observe biochemical/clinical recurrence, distant metastasis or death from prostate cancer. One patient died of another cause. Grade 2 acute genitourinary toxicity was observed in 40 (38%) patients. Age (P = 0.021), genitourinary toxicity of grade ≥1 at baseline (P = 0.023) and bladder mean dose (P = 0.047) were significantly associated with the incidence of grade 2 acute genitourinary toxicity. The cut-off value of 65 years for age and 10.3 Gy for the bladder mean dose were considered the most appropriate. Grade 2 acute gastrointestinal toxicity was observed in five (5%) patients. None of the patients experienced grade ≥3 acute or late toxicity.

Conclusions
Stereotactic body radiation therapy is feasible for Japanese patients with prostate cancer, with acceptable acute toxicity. Age, genitourinary toxicity at baseline and bladder mean dose predict grade 2 acute genitourinary toxicity.
Self-sacrifice for the Common Good under Risk and Competition: An Experimental Examination of the Impact of Public Service Motivation in a Volunteer’s Dilemma Game
Authors: Heine Florian , van Witteloostuijn Arjen , Wang Tse-Min 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPublic service-motivated individuals have a greater concern for the delivery of public services and for the societal consequence of collective inaction, seeing themselves play a pivotal role in upholding public goods. Such self-efficacy and perceived importance of public service jointly motivate individuals to commit to sacrificing for the common good. Using an incentivized laboratory experiment with 126 undergraduate and graduate students at a university in the Netherlands, we explore the association between self-reported public service motivation (PSM) and voluntary self-sacrifice under different task characteristics and social contexts in a Volunteer’s Dilemma game. We find that risk-taking and intergroup competition negatively moderate the positive effect of PSM on volunteering. The risky situation may reduce an individual’s self-efficacy in making meaningful sacrifice, and intergroup competition may divert attention away from the concern for society at large to the outcome of the competition, compromising the positive effect of PSM on the likelihood to self-sacrifice for the common good.
Long noncoding RNA HOXA-AS2 accelerates cervical cancer by the miR-509-3p/BTN3A1 axis
Authors: Chen Ruxiang , He Ping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Cervical cancer is an aggressive malignant tumour and causes high mortality in women. LncRNA HOXA-AS2 is a tumour promoter in many cancers. The current work was designed to elucidate the functions of HOXA-AS2 in cervical cancer and the underlying regulatory mechanism.

Methods
qRT-PCR was conducted to reveal RNA levels. A FISH assay was conducted for the identification of the subcellular location of HOXA-AS2. MTT, EdU, Transwell and tube formation were used for detection of cell growth, migration and angiogenesis, respectively. In-vivo studies were conducted to reveal the role of HOXA-AS2 on transplanted tumour growth in mice.

Key findings
The HOXA-AS2 level was found high in tissues and cells of cervical cancer. Silencing of HOXA-AS2 restrained cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Angiogenesis of HUVECs was restrained after silencing HOXA-AS2. Additionally, HOXA-AS2 upregulated the BTN3A1 by interaction with miR-509-3p. BTN3A1 overexpression rescues the inhibitory effect of silenced HOXA-AS2 on cell phenotypes in cervical cancer. Moreover, xenograft tumour growth in mice was suppressed by HOXA-AS2 depletion and was facilitated by BTN3A1 overexpression.

Conclusions
HOXA-AS2 accelerates cellular progression in cervical cancer by the miR-509-3p/BTN3A1 axis.