bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Four-Dimensional Survey of the Almeria–Oran Front by Underwater Gliders: Tracers and Circulation
Authors: Rudnick Daniel L. , Zarokanellos Nikolaos D. , Tintoré Joaquin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA four-dimensional survey by a fleet of seven underwater gliders was used to identify pathways of subduction at the Almeria–Oran Front in the western Mediterranean Sea. The combined glider fleet covered nearly 9000 km over ground while doing over 2500 dives to as deep as 700 m. The gliders had sensors to measure temperature, salinity, velocity, chlorophyll fluorescence, and acoustic backscatter. Data from the gliders were analyzed through objective maps that were functions of across-front distance, alongfront distance, and time on vertical levels separated by 10 m. Geostrophic velocity was inferred using a variational approach, and the quasigeostrophic omega equation was solved for vertical and ageostrophic horizontal velocities. Peak downward vertical velocities were near 25 m day−1in an event that propagated in the direction of the frontal jet. An examination of an isopycnal surface that outcropped as the front formed showed consistency between the movement of the tracers and the inferred vertical velocity. The vertical velocity tended to be downward on the dense side of the front and upward on the light side so as to flatten the front in the manner of a baroclinic instability. The resulting heat flux approached 80 W m−2near 100-m depth with a structure that would cause restratification of the front. One glider was used to track an isotherm over a day for a direct measure of vertical velocity as large as 50 m day−1, with a net downward displacement of 15 m over the day.
Alternative to Reduced Stresses on the Upper Extremity in a Standing Workstation
Authors: Lee Ilseok , Choi Jiwon , Kang Sang Hyeon , Jin Sangeun 
Published: December 2021

Objective This study evaluated a standing armrest to provide more acceptable ergonomic guidelines that may reduce the cost of standing computer workstations. Background Of the many advantages of standing workstations, there have been no efforts to minimize the biomechanical cost, such as larger wrist extension and greater forearm muscle activity than sitting. Method Sixteen participants were asked to perform a typing task under a combination of the following factors: (1) desk shape (rectangular and concave); (2) desk height (0, +5, -5 cm from 90° elbow flexion); and (3) monitor height (0, −10 cm from the eyes). During the trials, the trunk kinematics, muscle activation levels, and CoP were recorded. Results Both arms were further away from the upper body under the concave and +5 desk height than under the normal condition, but significant decreases in the extensor carpi radialis (8.6%), anterior deltoid (28.8%), and L4 paraspinals (5.5%) were observed. Similarly, the wrist extension angle decreased by 10.5° (42%) under this condition, but the posture required a 2.2° (19%) increase in wrist adduction angle. The CoP irregularity was greater under the concave workstation, indicating more complex motion. Conclusion A higher and concave desk can provide an armrest effect while engaged in a standing workstation by reducing the wrist extension and related muscle activation level, but at the cost of a larger wrist adduction angle. Application Providing a standing armrest (+5 cm height and concave desk) could reduce the stresses on the upper extremities, but a split keyboard should be considered to minimize wrist adduction.
Effect of Preterm Birth on the Risk of Adverse Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Desta Melaku , Admas Melaku , Yeshitila Yordanos , Meselu Belsity , Bishaw Keralem , Assemie Moges , Yimer Nigus , Kassa Getachew 
Published: December 2021

Despite remarkable progress in the reduction of under-five mortality, the rate of perinatal and neonatal mortality is still high especially in developing countries. The adverse outcome associated with preterm birth is one of the major public health challenges in Africa. However, there are limited and inconsistent studies conducted on the effect of preterm birth on adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between preterm birth and its adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia. We systematically searched several electronic databases like PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Google Scholar, African Journals Online databases and Science Direct. All identified observational studies were included. The I 1 statistics were used to assess the heterogeneity among the studies. A random-effects model was computed to estimate the pooled effect of preterm birth on adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes. Thirty-three studies with a total of 20 109 live births were included in the final meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis showed that preterm birth increased the odds of perinatal mortality by 10-folds [POR = 9.56 (95% CI: 5.47, 19.69)] and there was a 5.44-folds risk of stillbirth [Odds Ratio = 5.44 (95% CI: 3.57, 8.28)] among women who gave birth before 37 weeks of gestation. In addition, preterm birth was significantly associated with neonatal hypothermia [OR=3.54 (95% CI: 2.41, 5.21)], neonatal mortality [OR= 3.16 (95% CI: 1.57, 6.34). The sub-group analysis of this meta-analysis showed that there was an increased risk of neonatal sepsis [OR=2.33 (95% CI: 1.15, 4.71)] among preterm babies. Preterm births significantly increased the risk of adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia. Therefore, scale-up strategies and improving the quality of maternal and child health care providers should be an area of intervention to reduce adverse outcomes associated with preterm birth. The Federal Ministry of Health and concerned bodies should work towards the prevention of preterm birth and its adverse outcomes.
The effectiveness of occupational therapy for mental health disorders in primary care: A systematic review
Authors: Daaleman Claire E , Wright Sarah T , Daaleman Timothy P 
Published: December 2021

Introduction Occupational therapy (OT) has a rich history of integrating physical and mental health care services, however, there is a limited evidence base regarding the effectiveness of OT interventions for mental health disorders in primary care. Methods A comprehensive systematic review was conducted from database inception through 31 January 2021. Eligible studies had to include: (1) an intervention that involved an occupational therapist in design and/or implementation; (2) a quantitative outcome assessing symptoms related to a mental health disorder; (3) a comparison group; and (4) primary care or community dwelling patients and/or primary care clinical settings. Results The researchers identified five studies and there was heterogeneity in the OT interventions. There were no significant differences between intervention and control groups in depression symptoms at different time intervals. Several trials employed interventions that involved interprofessional team members, including OTs, to provide training in specific strategies that promoted functioning. Other studies utilized only OTs within the intervention arm. OT interventions demonstrated no significant difference in anxiety in one study, however, another indicated a reduction in symptoms. The overall risk of bias was considered low in three studies and unclear in two studies. Conclusion There is limited evidence demonstrating the impact of OT interventions in primary care settings on quantitative outcomes measuring symptoms related to a mental health disorder. Given the heterogeneity of interventions and variation in reported findings, there is need for further pragmatic trials in this area.
“Mother’s Health and Well-Being Matters: Is a Mediated Social Cohesion Public Health Intervention Feasible?”
Authors: Jones Cheryl , Gibbons Marley , Magsamen-Conrad Kate , Ulanday Kathleen T. , Watterson Jessica , Oakley-Girvan Ingrid , Houghton Lauren C. , Gokal Kajal 
Published: December 2021

Purpose To test the feasibility of introducing ‘Free Time for Wellness’ (FT4W) an intervention to increase healthy behaviours and reduce the risk of cancer. Design Feasibility study; Setting: Washington Heights, New York, USA is a low socioeconomic status area. Subjects Mothers aged 18 and above with children under 12 years of age and living in Washington Heights were recruited. Intervention FT4W, a community-based intervention delivered through a neighbourhood-based app, offering weekly dance and yoga classes, food pantry visits and group playdates. Childcare professionals cared for participants' children during wellness activities. Measures A bespoke before and after survey was designed and tested for its ability to collect relevant data to assess the impact of FT4W. Outcomes included recruitment rates, participation, attrition, acceptability, and success of the community champion. Analysis Comparisons of proportions and means Results Twenty-one mothers participated in the study of which 90% attended ≥ 1 FT4W activity; 65% ≥ 2; 52% ≥ 3. The survey was completed by a 100% of participants indicating it was easy to understand and not too burdensome. All measures detected change in constructs from baseline to follow-up. Availability of childcare was the most commonly (66%) reported reason participants were able to engage in the offered wellness activities. Conclusion Conducting a larger-scale trial to assess the impact of FT4W is feasible considering 4 major lessons. (1) Recruitment, retention, and acceptability rates were high; however, moms need additional support to increase participation in wellness activities and improve tech literacy. (2) Research measures were sensitive enough to detect change, but the timing of assessments needs to be considered. (3) Participants greatly valued access to professional childcare. (4) The Community Champion is a necessary, but difficult role to fill that requires careful consideration by the Institutional Review Board (IRB).
Something new about prognostic factors for lupus nephritis? A systematic review
Authors: Rodríguez-Almaraz Esther , Gutiérrez-Solís Elena , Rabadán Elena , Rodríguez Paola , Carmona Loreto , Morales Enrique , Galindo María 
Published: December 2021

Background Lupus nephritis (LN) affects 30–45% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and causes great morbidity and mortality. About 10–25% of patients will develop chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it has been described a mortality of 10–20% at 10 years. The contribution of clinical and biological markers to the prediction of outcome is unclear. Objective To describe the factors, with measures of association, that predict the main outcomes of LN. Material and Methods We have conducted a systematic review. Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematic searched from inception up to Oct 2019, with a strategy that included synonyms of all targeted outcomes of LN: (kidney failure, response to treatment, cardiovascular events, and mortality). Only studies with longitudinal prospective design or with warranties of unbiased recollection of the prognostic factors, where LN was confirmed by biopsy were included. Risk of bias was assessed with the New Castle Ottawa scale. Predictive factors and their effect measures were collected from each study. Results From 1221 studies identified, 25 studies were included, of which 15 were retrospective, nine prospective, and one was a trial extension study (range from 3 months to 11 years). The main predictive factors of renal response were serum creatinine (SCr) and glomerular filtration rate C3 levels, titer of anti-C1q, and anti-dsDNA antibodies. Renal histological findings such as class type (IV or V), tubulointerstitial or vascular lesions and chronicity index were risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease. The factors associated with persistence of activity were proteinuria, anti-dsDNA, anticardiolipin, anti C1q antibodies, and complement values. The factors associated to cardiovascular events and mortality were age, smoking, amount of proteinuria, and histological findings, such as vascular lesions. Meta-analysis was precluded given the heterogeneity of designs definitions and effect measures. Conclusions Nowadays, we do not have new biomarkers that establish the renal prognosis of patients with LN. Classical clinical, renal, and histological markers are used in most studies. It is worth noting the heterogeneity of studies in the definition of renal outcomes, which complicates risk stratification in these patients.
Comparative Analysis of a New Hybrid EDOF-Multifocal Diffractive Intraocular Lens with a Trifocal Diffractive Intraocular Lens
Authors: Ozturkmen Cem , Kesim Cem , Gunel Karadeniz Pinar , Sahin Afsun 
Published: December 2021

Purpose To compare visual acuity, defocus curve and visual quality of life performances of a new hybrid refractive-diffractive intraocular lens (IOL) and a trifocal diffractive IOL. Methods Patients who underwent cataract surgery with bilateral implantation of ZFR00V or TFNT00 IOLs were enrolled in this study. The main outcomes were defined as uncorrected distant, intermediate and near visual acuities (UDVA, UIVA and UNVA, respectively), defocus curve and VF-14 questionnaire aimed for visual performance. Results Fifty patients, of whom 30 had bilateral ZFR00V implantation, were enrolled in the study. Patients with ZFR00V had significantly better UIVA than patients with TFNT00 (0.05 ± 0.03 vs. 0.07 ± 0.04 logMAR, P = 0.02). Defocus curve showed significantly higher visual acuity in intermediate range for ZFR00V IOL between −1.00 and −1.50 dioptres (all P < 0.05). All patients had good visual performance with mean VF-14 scores above 3 points with no significant difference between two IOL models. Spectacle independence was 100% for both distant and near vision in both group of patients. Conclusion Bilateral implantation of ZFR00V in cataract patients shows better intermediate visual acuity scores and similar daily visual performance when compared with trifocal TFNT00 IOL.
A Universal Delayed Difference Model Fitting Dose-response Curves
Authors: Yang Linqian , Wang Jiaying , Cheke Robert A. , Tang Sanyi 
Published: December 2021

Purpose Dose-response curves, which fit a multitude of experimental data derived from toxicology, are widely used in physics, chemistry, biology, and other fields. Although there are many dose-response models for fitting dose-response curves, the application of these models is limited by many restrictions and lacks universality, so there is a need for a novel, universal dynamical model that can improve fits to various types of dose-response curves. Methods We expand the hormetic Ricker model, taking the delay inherent in the dose-response into account, and develop a novel and dynamic delayed Ricker difference model (DRDM) to fit various types of dose-response curves. Furthermore, we compare the DRDM with other dose-response models to confirm that it can mimic different types of dose-response curves. Data analysis By fitting various types of dose-response data sets derived from drug applications, disease treatment, pest control, and plant management, and comparing the imitative effect of the DRDM with other models, we find that the DRDM fits monotonic dose-response data well and, in most circumstances, the DRDM has a better imitative effect to non-monotonic dose-response data with hormesis than other models do. Results The MSE of fits of the DRDM to S-shaped dose-response data (DS2-G) is not lower than those for four other models, but the MSE of fits to U-shaped (DS7) and inverted U-shaped dose-response data (DS10) were lower than for two other models. This means that the imitative effect of the DRDM is comparable to other models of monotonic dose-response data, but is a significant improvement compared to traditional models of non-monotonic dose-response data with hormesis. Conclusion We propose a novel dynamic model (DRDM) for fitting to various types of dose-response curves, which can reflect the dynamic trend of the population growth compared with traditional static dose-response models. By analyzing data, we have confirmed that the DRDM provides an ideal description of various dose-response observations and it can be used to fit a wide range of dose-response data sets, especially for hormetic data sets. Therefore, we conclude that the DRDM has a good universality for dose-response curve fitting.
Risk factors for short and long-term great saphenous vein recanalization in patients treated with endovenous radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Bissacco Daniele , Malloggi Chiara , Domanin Maurizio , Lomazzi Chiara , Tolva Valerio , Odero Andrea , Trimarchi Santi , Casana Renato 
Published: December 2021

Purpose The aim of this retrospective single-center study is to describe and analyze short-, mid-, and long-term risk factors for great saphenous vein (GSV) recanalization after endovenous radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Materials and methods All consecutive patients with GSV incompetence and varicose veins underwent RFA were enrolled between 2009 and 2018. Data on demographic, pre- and postoperative color Doppler scan (CDUS) findings, perioperative complications, and follow-up were prospectively collected. Primary outcome was GSV recanalization rate at 1 week after RFA. Secondary outcomes were postoperative complication rate, as well as GSV recanalization rate at 1, 3, and 5 years after RFA. Risk factors for recanalization were also analyzed, for each follow-up assessment, identifying differences in recanalized (Rec) and non-recanalized (nRec) groups. Results During the study period, 1297 patients were treated. Among these, 1265 had at least 1 week of follow-up. Mean follow-up time was 3.0 ± 1.9 years. Recanalization rate at 1 week, 1, 3, and 5 years was 2.4%, 4.3%, 9.3%, and 17.5%, respectively. After multivariate analysis for each follow-up evaluation, CEAP classes C4 and 5, as well as preoperative GSV diameter >6 mm and history of smoking were found to be independent predictors of recanalization. Furthermore, age >61 years and postoperative complications such as pigmentation, edema, and paresthesia were found to be dependent risk factors. Conclusion RFA remains a safe and durable technique to ablate incompetent GSV. Despite this, particular attention should be paid to patients with high CEAP classes to avoid short and long-term recanalization.
Long-term outcomes of endovascular treatment for aortic pseudoaneurysm in patients with Behçet’s disease
Authors: Zou Lingwei , Liu Hao , Jiang Xiaolang , Chen Bin , Jiang Junhao , Shi Yun , Ma Tao , Lin Changpo , Fu Weiguo , Dong Zhihui 
Published: December 2021

Objectives Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology, and its aneurysmal lesions are associated with high mortality due to the high risk of rupture. This study intended to further explore the long-term safety and efficacy of endovascular therapy for BD-related aortic pseudoaneurysm (BAP). Methods From January 2009 to May 2021, 17 BAP patients who underwent endovascular repair were retrospectively identified and enrolled. Adequate immunosuppressive treatment was instituted before and after endovascular treatment unless emergency surgery was required. The patients were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months and yearly after the primary endovascular intervention by computed tomography angiography (CTA) examination. Results Nineteen BAPs were identified among 17 patients. BAPs located at the aortic arch were found in three patients (17.6%), descending thoracic aorta in 5 (29.4%), and abdominal aorta in 10 (58.8%; suprarenal abdominal aorta in 2 [11.8%], and infrarenal abdominal aorta in 8 [47.1%]). The mean ESR during admission was 56.5 ± 24.9 mm/h (range = 30.0–120.0 mm/h), which fell to 22.7 ± 18.4 mm/h (range = 2.0–74.0 mm/h) before the endovascular intervention ( p < 0.001). The rate of favorable immunosuppressive control before intervention is 76.5% (13/17). Technical success was achieved in all patients. Median follow-up time was 57.0 months (interquartile range [IQR] = 21.3–67.3 months). Pseudoaneurysm recurrence was observed in four patients, type I endoleak in one, pseudoaneurysms sac dilation in one, and external iliac artery occlusion in 1. Two patients died of pseudoaneurysm rupture. Five-year accumulated overall rate, recurrence-free rate, and reintervention-free survival rate of BAP patients were 92.8%, 75.4%, and 71.8%, respectively. Conclusion Endovascular treatment in BAP patients seemed to be associated with long-term safety and efficacy with a 5-year overall survival rate of 92.8%. Adequate immunosuppressive treatment was essential for BAP patients to prevent aortic pseudoaneurysm recurrence and improve the prognosis.
Open reduction and internal fixation of displaced head-split type humeral fractures and role of the rotator-interval approach
Authors: Fleischhacker E , Siebenbürger G , Gleich J , Helfen T , Böcker W , Ockert B 
Published: December 2021

Background Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of humeral head split fractures is challenging because of high instability and limited visibility. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the extend of the approach through the rotator interval (RI) on the reduction quality and functional outcome. Methods 37 patients (mean age: 59  ±  16 years,16 female) treated by ORIF through a standard deltopectoral (DP) approach were evaluated. The follow-up period was at least two years. In 17 cases, the approach was extended through the RI. Evaluation was based on radiographs, Constant scores (CS) and DASH scores. Results In group DP, “anatomic” reduction was achieved in 9 cases (45%), “acceptable” in 5 cases (25%), and “malreduced” in 6 cases (30%). In group RI, “anatomic” reduction was seen in 12 cases (71%), “acceptable” in 5 cases (29%), and “malreduced” in none (p  =  0.04). In the DP group, the CS was 60.2  ±  16.2 and the %CS was 63.9  ±  22.3, while in the RI group, the CS was 74.5  ±  17.4 and the %CS was 79.1  ±  24.1 (p  =  0.07, p  =  0.08). DASH score was 22.8  ±  19.5 in DP compared to RI: 25.2  ±  20.6 (p  =  0.53). Conclusions The RI approach improves visualization as it enhances quality of fracture reduction, however functional outcomes may not differ significantly. Type of study and level of proof Retrospective, level III