bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diachronic change in the ordering of kinship binomials
Authors: Čermáková Anna 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
One of the specific characteristics of binomials is the ordering of their elements and the degree of their reversibility. A
diachronic perspective suggests it is particularly the kinship binomials that show a strong unfreezing trend away from the
male-first ordering. This study explores, diachronically and from an English-Czech contrastive perspective, kinship binomials
in children’s literature. It confirms earlier findings of a gradual diachronic reversal of term ordering in kinship
binomials that extends across languages. However, at the same time, binomial sequencing seems to be a complex interplay of
linguistic, cognitive and real-world influences. The diachronic reversal of preference in the ordering is limited to
particular binomials and may be linked to a more general change in the discourse, namely the shift towards greater
informality.
Tracing processes in auxiliarization
Authors: Johansson Mats , Nordrum Lene 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This chapter considers the Norwegian verb rekke (‘reach’) and its English correspondences in a bi-directional
translation corpus (ENPC), as well as occurrences of rekke in Norwegian monolingual corpora. We suggest that
rekke is undergoing grammaticalization from a concrete lexical spatial verb towards a (semi-)auxiliary
that contains a component of time sufficiency, similar to Swedish hinna (Johansson & Nordrum 2016), but that rekke is at an earlier stage in this development. We base
this suggestion on the following observations: (1) Swedish hinna was earlier polysemous between space and
time, but can only denote time in present-day Swedish. (2) Norwegian rekke is still polysemous between space
and time, but seems to always denote time when used as a (semi-)auxiliary. The study contributes to the semantic description
of Norwegian rekke, but also has implications for grammaticalization studies as well as for studies of
modality.
Translating verbal tenses between tensed and tenseless languages
Authors: Grisot Cristina , Sun Juan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this chapter, we investigate how verbal tenses are translated into a tenseless language (Chinese) and whether the
translation of temporal information from a tenseless language into tensed languages (English and French) is influenced by the
formal structure of the source language. The results of our corpus analysis show that English and French verbal tenses like
the Present Perfect and Imparfait are not systematically translated into Mandarin using an aspectual marker. We find that
present-time French and English verbal tenses are most often translated into Mandarin using non-marked VPs, past-time verbal
tenses using aspectual, temporal markers and linguistically non-marked VPs, and future-time verbal tenses using temporal
markers. These patterns also apply for the translation of Mandarin VPs into French and English.
From language to language, from time to time
Authors: Levin Magnus , Herold Jenny Ström 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study is situated within the broader field of phraseology and concerns repetitive, echoic binomials such as day by
day (NPN) and on and on (‘ADV and ADV’). While the bulk of previous research
has focused on their use in individual languages (Jackendoff 2008; Ziem 2008), this
study takes a comparative approach, using data from two parallel corpora: the Linnaeus University English-German-Swedish
corpus and the English-Swedish Parallel Corpus. The results indicate that binomials, in particular of the NPN type, are most
frequent in Swedish originals. In English originals, they are rare and not very productive. In translations, frequencies
closely mirror those in their originals, but other recurrent patterns (e.g., one X at a
time) are also commonly used as correspondences.
Just a moment
Authors: Egan Thomas , Skogmo Siri Fürst 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This chapter investigates two temporal lexemes, English moment and Norwegian øyeblikk, which
may encode either a point in time (‘x happened at time y’) or an interval of time (‘x lasted for time y’). The data for the
study comprise all instances of the two lexemes in the English and Norwegian original language texts and translations in the
English–Norwegian Parallel Corpus. While both lexemes are commonly used to encode time intervals, moment is
almost twice as likely as øyeblikk to refer to a point in time, suggesting that moment is
somewhat more polysemous. This impression is reinforced by the evidence of the translations, where moment is
more likely to be used to translate øyeblikk than vice versa.
Cross-disciplinary and cross-linguistic uses of tensed verb phrases in the
methods sections of master’s theses
Authors: Rørvik Sylvi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study examines the distribution and functions of tensed verb phrases in the methods sections of master’s theses
produced at Norwegian universities. The material comprises texts written in both English and Norwegian within the disciplines
of chemistry, linguistics, and sociology. The method involved manual identification of tensed verb phrases, as well as a more
detailed investigation of their rhetorical functions. The findings indicate that there are cross-linguistic and
cross-disciplinary differences in both distribution and function, in line with findings from previous studies of student and
professional academic writing. These findings have implications for the teaching of academic writing, which should reflect the
conventions of the disciplinary communities of which the student writers are aspiring members.
Theory of Mind and children’s comforting behaviour (La Teoría de la Mente y el comportamiento infantil de consuelo)
Authors: López-Pérez Belén , Patel Hannah , Zuffianò Antonio 
Published: August 2021

In order to comfort others, children need to exhibit Theory of Mind (ToM) skills. The goal of the present study was to investigate the role of ToM in association with children’s spontaneous comforting behaviour in a laboratory task. Forty-seven children between 26 and 57 months of age completed three ToM tasks: diverse desires, diverse beliefs and belief-emotion. To evaluate comforting, we used a previously evaluated procedure in which an experimenter drops a tower of blocks and pretends to be upset. The results showed a significant positive relationship between children’s understanding of their own and others’ desires and comforting. However, no relationships were found between comforting and understanding of one’s own and others’ beliefs or belief-emotion. The relationship between the different ToM tasks and age was also assessed, but it was non-significant. The implications of these findings for understanding the onset of spontaneous prosocial behaviour are discussed.
Quantitative measurements of singlet molecular oxygen in a low pressure ICP
Authors: Rogers Samuel D A , Bond Amelia , Peverall Robert , Hancock Gus , Western Colin M , Ritchie Grant A D 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We present measurements of the densities and temperatures (rotational and translational) of the metastable a1Δg (v = 0) state of O2 in a cylindrically symmetric RF driven plasma operating in inductive mode at 100 mTorr total pressure and 300 W applied power. Line-of-sight absorption across the plasma region was determined by diode laser cavity ringdown spectroscopy on the (0, 0) vibrational band of the O2(b1Σg
+) ← O2(a1Δg) transition near 1.9 μm. Four rotational quantum states were studied, with a population distribution corresponding to a rotational temperature of 346 ± 38 K. The translational temperature was determined to be 359 ± 16 K from the width of the strongest absorption line, Q(12), and in equilibrium with the rotational distribution. The absolute concentration of O2(a1Δg, v = 0) was measured as (9.5 ± 1.3) × 1013 cm−3, and corresponds to an apparent (3.5 ± 0.45)% contribution to the total number density. Time-resolved CRDS measurements following plasma extinction were used to deduce a wall loss coefficient, γ, of (2.8 ± 0.3) × 10−3 on predominantly Al surfaces. Surmising reasonable concentrations for O2(b1Σg
+) and an upper limit for the vibrational temperature places the total contribution of O2(a1Δg) at between 3.6% and 5.85%. The variation of the O2(a1Δg, v = 0) state concentration with RF power shows a clear transition from the E to H mode excitation near an applied power of 150 W. Allan variance analysis yields a minimum measurable concentration of O2(a1Δg, v = 0) of 1.1 × 1012 cm−3 over 100 ringdown events, an order of magnitude more sensitive than previously reported.
Effect of interfacial conductivity on electrical characteristics of negative capacitance field effect transistors
Authors: Xiao Y G , Kang K C , Tian L Y , Xiong K , Li G , Tang M H , Li Z 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this article, an interfacial conductivity model for the surface potential and the drain current was proposed based on the metal-interface-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor (MIFIS) structure negative capacitance field effect transistor (NC-FET). The simulating results illustrate that the electrical conductivity (σ) of the interface layer between the electrode and ferroelectric thin film caused by lattice misfit plays an important role in the process of voltage amplifying and steep switching for the NC-FET. It is indicated that new device design rules should take into account this scenario.
Different reverse remodelling between left ventricle and right ventricle in fulminant heart failure due to giant cell myocarditis: a case report
Authors: Yokoyama Hiroaki , Yamaguchi Masashi , Tobita Kazuki , Saito Shigeru 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare cause of fulminant heart failure (HF). The most common presentation is progressive hemodynamic deterioration, and a few cases present with idiopathic complete atrioventricular block (cAVB). The prognosis of GCM is poor, and GCM patients usually die of HF and ventricular arrhythmia unless cardiac transplantation is performed. Few reports have described the effects of treatments such as immunosuppression and detailed reverse remodelling in GCM patients.

Case summary
A 69-year-old female presented with cAVB. Transvenous pacemaker was implanted via the left subclavian vein. One and a half months later, she exhibited left ventricular dyssynchrony and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), resulting in hospitalization for HF. She received cardiac resynchronization therapy; however, this had no apparently positive effects on her cardiac function. To investigate the cause of the lower LVEF, an endomyocardial biopsy was taken from the right ventricular septum. She was diagnosed with GCM and immediately received immunosuppression therapy with prednisolone and ciclosporin. This resulted in the functional recovery of the right ventricle; on the other hand, the left ventricle had still not recovered based on transthoracic echocardiography. Fortunately, she successfully recovered from severe HF without recurrence.

Discussion
This is a case of fulminant HF due to GCM which initially presented as cAVB. Moreover, this case demonstrates the quite difference of the functional recovery between the left ventricle and the right ventricle with immunosuppression therapy.
Enabling qualitative research data sharing using a natural language processing pipeline for deidentification: moving beyond HIPAA Safe Harbor identifiers
Authors: Gupta Aditi , Lai Albert , Mozersky Jessica , Ma Xiaoteng , Walsh Heidi , DuBois James M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Sharing health research data is essential for accelerating the translation of research into actionable knowledge that can impact health care services and outcomes. Qualitative health research data are rarely shared due to the challenge of deidentifying text and the potential risks of participant reidentification. Here, we establish and evaluate a framework for deidentifying qualitative research data using automated computational techniques including removal of identifiers that are not considered HIPAA Safe Harbor (HSH) identifiers but are likely to be found in unstructured qualitative data.

Materials and Methods
We developed and validated a pipeline for deidentifying qualitative research data using automated computational techniques. An in-depth analysis and qualitative review of different types of qualitative health research data were conducted to inform and evaluate the development of a natural language processing (NLP) pipeline using named-entity recognition, pattern matching, dictionary, and regular expression methods to deidentify qualitative texts.

Results
We collected 2 datasets with 1.2 million words derived from over 400 qualitative research data documents. We created a gold-standard dataset with 280K words (70 files) to evaluate our deidentification pipeline. The majority of identifiers in qualitative data are non-HSH and not captured by existing systems. Our NLP deidentification pipeline had a consistent F1-score of ∼0.90 for both datasets.

Conclusion
The results of this study demonstrate that NLP methods can be used to identify both HSH identifiers and non-HSH identifiers. Automated tools to assist researchers with the deidentification of qualitative data will be increasingly important given the new National Institutes of Health (NIH) data-sharing mandate.
Born on the Battlefield: Celebrating the Centennial of the Discovery of Epidural Anesthesia
Authors: Bowers Ensign Gerald M 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
The year 2021 marks the 100th anniversary of the discovery of epidural anesthesia by Spanish military surgeon Major Fidel Pagés. The idea for the technique was born from Pagés’ experiences in forward military hospitals in North Africa and Austria and would go on to revolutionize the fields of surgery and obstetrics.
Dual regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis for osteoporosis therapy by iron oxide hydroxyapatite core/shell nanocomposites
Authors: Li Mengye , Fu Shengxiang , Cai Zhongyuan , Li Danyang , Liu Li , Deng Di , Jin Rongrong , Ai Hua 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder resulted in significant structural and functional changes, arousing a wide concern for the high prevalence and cost. Imbalance between osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis have been verified as a main pathology etiology and considered an efficient therapy target in both clinical and pre-clinical studies. In recent years, inorganic nanomaterials have shown provable activities on osteoclastogenesis inhibition and osteogenesis promotion, respectively. Hence, in this study, a class of hydroxyapatite coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO@HA) were developed with a core−shell structure for targeting both osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis. The optimal ratio of SPIO@15HA (Fe/Ca = 1:15, mol/mol) was screened to obtain dual function for inducing both bone formation and preventing bone resorption. The obtained nanocomposites significantly prevented the bone loss of ovariectomized (OVX) mice and increased bone mineral density (BMD) by 9.4%, exhibiting high bone accumulation in magnetic resonance imaging evaluation and reasonable biosafety profile. The mechanism study revealed that SPIO@15HA can suppress bone marrow monocyte derived osteoclast differentiation through TRAF6−p62−CYLD signaling complex regulation. Meanwhile, it could activate MSC osteogenic differentiation by TGF-β, PI3K-AKT and calcium signaling pathway regulation. Moreover, incubation of SPIO@15HA with MSC resulted in several cytokines overexpression such as osteoprotegerin (OPG), CSF2, CCL2 etc., which are responsible for maintaining the bone remodeling balance. The dual function of as-prepared SPIO@15HA may find a new way for designing of inorganic components containing core/shell nanomaterials for osteoporosis treatment.
Religion at the Frontline: How Religion Influenced the Response of Local Government Officials to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Adler Gary J , Ortiz Selena E , Plutzer Eric , Mayrl Damon , Coley Jonathan S , Sager Rebecca 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFrontline officials (such as mayors and commissioners) are responsible for local-level responses to the COVID-19 pandemic across the United States. Their actions and attitudes, either in support of or opposition to public health recommendations, have resulted in widespread variation in local-level pandemic response. Despite evidence that religion significantly impacts the general public’s response to the pandemic, the influence of religion on officials’ behaviors and attitudes is unknown. Using a unique, two-wave, representative survey of frontline officials, we examine how religion influenced officials’ reported personal health behaviors (mask wearing, social distancing) and attitudes toward institutional reopenings. Results show high levels of compliance with public health recommendations, but religious nationalism negatively influences all outcomes. Other religious factors, like affiliation and attendance, vary in their influence and even work differently among officials compared to the general public. Frontline officials are key for understanding how religion influences the pandemic and state action more generally.
Improvements in physical activity and some dietary behaviors in a community health worker-led diabetes self-management intervention for adults with low incomes: results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gray Kristen E , Hoerster Katherine D , Taylor Leslie , Krieger James , Nelson Karin M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
People with low incomes have a disproportionate prevalence of diabetes and its complications and experience many barriers to self-management, which community health workers (CHWs) may help address. We sought to examine the effects of an in-home CHW-led intervention for adults with diabetes and incomes &lt;250% of the federal poverty line on self-management behaviors and test mediators and moderators. From 2010 to 2013, we randomized participants from three Washington State health systems with type 2 diabetes and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 8% to the CHW intervention (N = 145) or usual care control (N = 142) arms. We examined effects on 12-month self-management: physical activity, dietary behaviors, medication taking, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, and tobacco use. For behaviors with significant intervention-control group differences, we tested mediation by self-efficacy and social support. We also investigated whether intervention-associated changes in behaviors varied by race/ethnicity, gender, and baseline values of HbA1c, diabetes distress, depression, and food insecurity (moderators). Compared to controls, intervention participants engaged in more physical activity and reported better dietary behaviors for some measures (general diet, frequency of skipping meals, and frequency of eating out) at 12-months, but there was no evidence of mediation by self-efficacy or social support. Evidence of moderation was limited: improvements in the frequency of skipping meals were restricted to participants with baseline HbA1c &lt; 10%. Study findings suggest CHWs could be integrated into diabetes care to effectively support lifestyle changes around physical activity and some eating behaviors among adults with low incomes. More research is needed to understand mechanisms of change.
Implementing lung cancer screening in primary care: needs assessment and implementation strategy design
Authors: Reese Thomas J , Schlechter Chelsey R , Kramer Heidi , Kukhareva Polina , Weir Charlene R , Del Fiol Guilherme , Caverly Tanner , Hess Rachel , Flynn Michael C , Taft Teresa , Kawamoto Kensaku 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) could help avert thousands of deaths each year. Since the implementation of screening is complex and underspecified, there is a need for systematic and theory-based strategies. Explore the implementation of lung cancer screening in primary care, in the context of integrating a decision aid into the electronic health record. Design implementation strategies that target hypothesized mechanisms of change and context-specific barriers. The study had two phases. The Qualitative Analysis phase included semi-structured interviews with primary care physicians to elicit key task behaviors (e.g., ordering a low-dose CT) and understand the underlying behavioral determinants (e.g., social influence). The Implementation Strategy Design phase consisted of defining implementation strategies and hypothesizing causal pathways to improve screening with a decision aid. Three key task behaviors and four behavioral determinants emerged from 14 interviews. Implementation strategies were designed to target multiple levels of influence. Strategies included increasing provider self-efficacy toward performing shared decision making and using the decision aid, improving provider performance expectancy toward ordering a low-dose CT, increasing social influence toward performing shared decision making and using the decision aid, and addressing key facilitators to using the decision aid. This study contributes knowledge about theoretical determinants of key task behaviors associated with lung cancer screening. We designed implementation strategies according to causal pathways that can be replicated and tested at other institutions. Future research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies and to determine the contexts in which they can be effectively applied.
Differences in psychosocial constructs among elementary school staff that implement physical activity programs: a step in designing implementation strategies
Authors: Szeszulski Jacob , Walker Timothy J , Robertson Michael C , Fernandez Maria E 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Multiple types of school staff members (e.g., classroom teachers, principals) are involved in implementing physical activity programs (e.g., classroom-based, gym), but factors specific to their job responsibilities may inhibit their ability to implement programming effectively. Thus, implementation strategies tailored by job type may be needed. We compare perceptions of behavioral constructs related to implementation of school-based physical activity programs, by job type, among school staff. School staff (n = 139), including principals/assistant principals (n = 21), physical education teachers (n = 41), and classroom teachers (n = 77), from elementary schools (n = 25), completed a cross-sectional survey measuring perceptions of attitudes, barriers, knowledge, and outcome expectations related to the implementation of physical activity programs. We compared constructs between job types using complex samples general linear models. Classroom teachers reported more perceived implementation barriers, lower physical activity knowledge, and lower outcome expectations than physical education teachers. Principals reported more perceived implementation barriers than physical education teachers. Classroom teachers reported lower physical activity knowledge than principals. Attitudes towards physical activity were not different by job type. Each job type has a unique constellation of factors affecting their capacity to implement physical activity programs. Understanding these differences enables tailoring of implementation strategies by job type.
A-SMART Lifestyle Behaviors Model for health, wellbeing, and immune system enhancement
Authors: Downes Loureen , St. Hill Halcyon , Mays Traci 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Healthy lifestyle behaviors and an optimally functioning immune system are essential for good health. We present evidence-based lifestyle behavior interventions that enhance immunity and wellbeing, with practical applications using the A-SMART Lifestyle Behaviors Model: Adopting healthy eating, stress management, moving more, alcohol avoidance, rest, and tobacco cessation.