bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibers Generated by Plasma Des-AA Fibrin Monomers and Protofibril/Fibrinogen Clusters Bind Platelets: Clinical and Nonclinical Implications
Authors: Galanakis Dennis K. , Protopopova Anna , Zhang Liudi , Li Kao , Marmorat Clement , Scheiner Tomas , Koo Jaseung , Savitt Anne G. , Rafailovich Miriam , Weisel John 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective Soluble fibrin (SF) is a substantial component of plasma fibrinogen (fg), but its composition, functions, and clinical relevance remain unclear. The study aimed to evaluate the molecular composition and procoagulant function(s) of SF.
Materials and Methods Cryoprecipitable, SF-rich (FR) and cryosoluble, SF-depleted (FD) fg isolates were prepared and adsorbed on one hydrophilic and two hydrophobic surfaces and scanned by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Standard procedures were used for fibrin polymerization, crosslinking by factor XIII, electrophoresis, and platelet adhesion.
Results Relative to FD fg, thrombin-induced polymerization of FR fg was accelerated and that induced by reptilase was markedly delayed, attributable to its decreased (fibrinopeptide A) FpA. FR fg adsorption to each surface yielded polymeric clusters and co-cryoprecipitable solitary monomers. Cluster components were crosslinked by factor XIII and comprised ≤21% of FR fg. In contrast to FD fg, FR fg adsorption on hydrophobic surfaces resulted in fiber generation enabled by both clusters and solitary monomers. This began with numerous short protofibrils, which following prolonged adsorption increased in number and length and culminated in surface-linked three-dimensional fiber networks that bound platelets.
Conclusion The abundance of adsorbed protofibrils resulted from (1) protofibril/fg clusters whose fg was dissociated during adsorption, and (2) adsorbed des-AA monomers that attracted solution counterparts initiating protofibril assembly and elongation by their continued incorporation. The substantial presence of both components in transfused plasma and cryoprecipitate augments hemostasis by accelerating thrombin-induced fibrin polymerization and by tightly anchoring the resulting clot to the underlying wound or to other abnormal vascular surfaces.
Pragmatic uses of ‘I say’ in Latin
Authors: Mikulová Jana 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the pragmatic uses and functions of the Latin verbinquam(‘I say’) and compares it with three synonyms –dico(‘I say, I speak, I declare’),loquor(‘I speak, I say, I utter’) andaio(‘I say yes, I say, I affirm’). Verbs of speech and thought in the first person are (cross-linguistically) a source of pragmatic markers, because the first person of these verbs is necessarily speaker-orientated and is also apt for expressing the speaker’s attitude. This can be seen in English pragmatic markers developed from verbs, such asI mean, I thinkandI say, and Romance ones, such as the Italiancredo(‘I think’). Latin verbs with the meaning ‘I say’ (henceforth used as a hypernym for all of the verbs examined herein) also show pragmatic uses, as is clear from Latin dictionaries. The issue addressed in this paper is the extent to which they are interchangeable and how advanced they are in their development towards becoming pragmatic markers. For this goal, the paper will focus on a variety of pragmatic uses of ‘I say’, the contexts in which they appear, and the influence of genre on their distribution. Drawing onBazzanella (2006)andGhezzi (2014), the pragmatic uses will be divided into three main categories: textual, cognitive and interactional. It will be shown that the border between different pragmatic functions or readings is not neat and one instance can have various pragmatic uses at the same time.
Auditory neuropathy in patients with features of tropical ataxic neuropathy in Tanzania
Authors: Jaffer Ali F. , Adebayo Philip B. 
Published: July 2021

Objective
This study aimed to describe the diagnosis of auditory neuropathy (AN) in patients with features of tropical ataxic neuropathy (TAN) at a private audiology facility in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Method
A retrospective chart review of thirty-two patients with suspected AN and features of TAN seen in 2019.

Results
The 32 patients complained of hearing impairment and all were diagnosed with AN (100%) via audiometry, otoacoustic emissions (OAE), and auditory brainstem response (ABR). The mean age was 24.8 ± 7.7 years, between 10.3 and 47.0 years. Sixteen (50%) reported tinnitus, eight (25%) reported imbalance while walking, 10 (31.3%) reported vertigo/dizziness, 13 (40.6%) had visual problems, and 19 (59.4%) reported peripheral neuropathy/weakness. Audiometric thresholds ranged from normal to profound, with the most common degree of severity being moderate (59.4%, n = 19). All except one patient had present OAEs, regardless of the severity of hearing loss. ABR was examined in 10 patients and found to be abnormal at 90 dB nHL in all of them.

Conclusion
The investigation of hearing impairments requires more than tuning fork or audiometry to understand the true nature of the patient’s hearing loss. Awareness of AN pattern in TAN among audiologists and other professionals within the hearing care field in low-and-middle-income countries, such as Tanzania should be strengthened.
The influence of the water flow on the stability of the coastal slope and adjacent transport constructions
Authors: Maslikova O Ya , Gritsuk I I 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The mechanical behavior of the frozen soil is dynamic and complex. When formulating the strength-to-deformability ratio, it is important to understand the characteristics of the soil, which is being estimated. At the same time different soil samples that have analogical physical characteristics in the unfrozen state may behave differently after freezing and during thawing, as frozen relict and seasonally thawed soils behave differently. All this requires a number of laboratory researches, which will then allow to determine the soil parameters for a specific project. In the hydraulic laboratory, experiments were conducted to study the strength of the different samples of frozen soil under the influence of the water flow and the same load.
Transformation of the Couette vortex along the length of the tubular structure
Authors: Zhazha E Yu , Zuikov A L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article is a further research of a circular-longitudinal flow created in a cylindrical pipe by a continuous swirler called Couette vortex, which the author started to study in his previous works. The key question is how Couette modified vortex is transformed along the channel (pipe). The author regards variation of azimuthal velocities (u) and the Heeger – Baer swirl number (Sn) in turbulent irregular circular-longitudinal flow, which is described by the model of modified Couette vortex along the cylindrical channel. It is confirmed that the model of the modified Couette vortex and free-forced Burgers – Batchelor vortex show almost similar results in calculations and both vortex models can be equally used in engineering prac-tice in calculations and the analysis of circulating and longitudinal flow operating modes (swirl flows).
Hydraulics of the subcritical Ventury channels
Authors: Zuikov A L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the research is to develop and verify the method of hydraulic calculation of the Venturi channel in the flooded outflow mode. The criterion that separates the flooded and free flow regimes is the ratio of the flow depth in the throat of the Venturi channel hm
to the critical depth hc
exceeding one (hm/hc
> 1). The article theoretically and experimentally substantiates a method for determining the flow rate in a flooded Venturi canal using two control cross-sections, one of which is in the upper basin of the canal, the other in its throat. The differential equation for an uneven flow in a non-prismatic channel was obtained in the form (13). The analysis showed that in a flooded Venturi channel with a subcritical flow at Froude numbers less than one (Fr <1), the denominator of equation (13) is always greater than zero; therefore, at the entrance to the channel in the region of constriction, when db/dl < 0, the depth is downstream decreases (dh/dl < 0), and in the lower diffuser, where db/dl > 0, the flow depth increases (dh/dl > 0). Thus, the curve of the flow surface has a dip in the throat of the flooded Venturi channel. Integration of differential equation (13) made it possible to obtain the function of changing the Froude numbers in the flow along the length of the flooded Venturi channel (16), and then, using relations (17), to determine the depths and flow velocities. The verification showed that the calculated data are in good agreement with the experimental ones. The deviations between calculation and experiment do not exceed ±3%. This makes it possible to recommend the outlined methods for application in engineering practice.
Decrease in ecological damage of water throughput tubular transitions on spawning
Authors: Suetina T A , Chernykh O N , Burlachenko A V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Intensive growth of traffic demands decrease in negative impact of water throughput constructions on ecology. Conditions of the correct installation of the tubular transitions made from steel corrugated elements (MCE) on spawning waterways which performance will allow to ensure ecological safety at movement of fish are defined. Recommendations about the organization of overcoming by fishes of difference and a velocity pressure when moving in MCE culverts are made. The obtained data on speed on a transit part of a water throughput construction are of interest at problem solving on easy access of fishes through culverts to up-stream and design of culverts. Results of pilot hydraulic studies of MCE pipes of round shape according to depths and speeds are presented on an outlet from a pipe for different operating modes, at existence and lack of a protective tray in a ground part of pipes with helical (HC) and a normal (NC) form of a corrugation. It is established that if 10% of cross sectional area of a corrugated pipe are occupied with stone dumping, then flow rate is reduced approximately by 10-12%. Based on results of laboratory researches and published materials, data for assessment of value of roughness coefficients of composite section of a round culvert in the form of one-point transition are provided and the targets of future researches on melioration of culverts are planned. Received results can be used at hydraulic calculations and optimization of water throughput designs in nature protection and also highway engineering.
On the use of asphalt concrete mixes (according to the PNST)
Authors: Telegina M E , Averchenko G A , Mukharryamov I R , Vasiliev Y E , Kotlyarskiy E V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the preliminary national standard 184-2016 “Public roads. Asphalt concrete road mixes and asphalt concrete. Technical conditions”. The purpose of the work is to identify incorrect and unsubstantiated data of the preliminary national standard in comparison with the current interstate standard 9128-2009 “Asphalt concrete road, airfield and asphalt concrete mixtures. Technical conditions”. The following are ideas, some comments and suggestions that should be taken into account when developing and approving the preliminary national standard for asphalt concrete. The comparative analysis is aimed at identifying unsubstantiated technical characteristics, physical and mechanical parameters and criteria for testing asphalt concrete. The topics covered include “Grain compositions”, “Road classification”, “Voids”, “Dust”, “Sample preparation for testing”. The feasibility of using the new system was evaluated. The results are presented in the form of a comparative analysis of the requirements of current standards with the requirements of preliminary standards for the general characteristics of asphalt concrete mixtures. Proposals have been developed to adjust the physical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete in accordance with the performance indicators of St. Petersburg roads.
The application of the fuzzy controller for tension system control of the scraper conveyor in the mines
Authors: Hieu Le Dinh , Temkin I.O , Van Tung Le 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The tension control of the automatic adjustment system of the scraper conveyor used for the initial tension of the chain of the scraper conveyor. A hydraulic control system was developed in accordance with the principle, and a theory of system control was created. The controller with a Fuzzy-PID controller used in the automatic tuning system was designed to limit the minimum tension point to a certain specified area. Modeling has shown that it is possible to avoid an increase in power loss due to higher tension and chain exit from the sprocket due to lower tension.
Study of the ways to increase the urban street and road network capacity
Authors: Pospelov P I , Martiakhin D S , Komarova T K , Nemchinov DM 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
During the existing situation assessment on the urban road network and intersections design, it is necessary to establish the traffic capacity value of streets and its elements. When forecasting the capacity value it is necessary to turn traffic flow presented by different vehicles to uniformity expressed in the equivalent number of passenger cars by using passenger car equivalent coefficients (PCE). PCE currently used in the Russian Federation are formed on the capacity studies of the street-road network, carried out in the 70s-80s of the last century on rural roads, where the traffic flow was mostly presented by heavy vehicles. Nowadays the major percentage of traffic flow is presented by passenger cars. At the same time, the dynamic performances of trucks and buses have changed significantly. In this regard, the question of clarifying the traffic flow composition and revising the passenger car equivalent coefficients becomes urgent. High level of streets congestion and intersections with a small heavy vehicle percentage in the traffic flow is most often observed in large cities. The studies were carried out on the the multi-lane highway in Moscow in the sections free from the intersections and junctions influence. The purpose of the study was to clarify the traffic flow composition and determine the passenger car equivalent coefficients in modern traffic conditions.
Analysis of the properties of new forms of transitional sections of railway and highway curves
Authors: Velichko G V , Pospelov P I 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The properties of new forms of transitional sections of curves of railways and highways are largely determined by the specific features of the design and functioning of the systems “railway line-rolling stock” and “driver-car-road”. Taking them into account had a significant impact on the formalization of targets and criteria for the quality of the functioning of these systems, as well as on the mathematical means and methods of their achievement. The results obtained in this case significantly differ from the traditional ones. The geometric differences between the transitional sections of railways are in the nonlinear regularities of strictly monotonic, G4 smooth changes in the curvature of their line axis and G3 smooth cross slope, which are described by non-identical functions with variable properties. At the same time, the quality of movement, assessed at the design level of the rolling stock, is ensured by the harmonization of the length of the transition section and the variable properties of its functions with the given characteristics of other properties of the system. The differences between the transitional sections of highways consist in the inclusion of the calculated speed and the speed of its change directly into the principle of the trajectory curvature of vehicles. This ensures the safety and convenience of curvilinear movement of cars on them both at constant and variable speeds. The theoretically substantiated potential for the improvement of the quality of functioning of these systems with the proposed solutions determines the reasonability of their comprehensive testing in practice and further improvement of the theory, norms and rules for the design of transitional sections of curved rail and highways.
Computing information and control complex for control of road construction machines
Authors: Maksimychev O I , Mezentsev K N , Yakubovich A N , Libenko A V , Guryanov V M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article considers a model of the digging process carried out during the operation of a road-building machine, identifies the controlled and control parameters of the model. Based on the results of numerical simulation, it is shown that a rigid control algorithm is capable of providing effective results only in cases where most of the operating parameters of the machine do not go beyond the optimal area. To improve the efficiency of control and expand the permissible range of parameters of the state of the machine, it is proposed to use control based on fuzzy logic. The structure of synthesis of algorithms for fuzzy control of road-building machines is given. For the purpose of practical implementation of a fuzzy control algorithm, a basic model has been built, which includes 10 linguistic rules, on the basis of which chains of actions are formed during the operation of a machine. When implementing a fuzzy control model for the main parameters of the state of the machine, it is proposed to use triangular membership functions. The fuzzy inference surface for the fuzzy control algorithm is obtained and visualized, which makes it possible to efficiently search for the optimal trajectory of the control parameter function. An agent-based traffic model is considered, which describes the movement of road-building vehicles on a site and uses active and proactive algorithms. The results of numerical modeling confirm the feasibility of considering a variety of road-building machines at the site of joint work execution as a multi-agent system with elements of self-organization (CDPS-system). The maximum effect of self-organization is observed when the distance between the machines is changed, when they are uniformly located on the site. The expediency of combining local systems of automatic control of road-building machines into a single information and control complex is substantiated, a list of information and control tasks to be solved by the complex is formulated, and its structural diagram is synthesized.
Prospects for the use of composite and polymer materials in transport construction
Authors: Nadezhdin V S , Gruzdev A S , Titov O V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the prospects for the use of road construction elements made of composite and polymer materials. Currently, the main materials used in the production of road infrastructure elements are metal, concrete and plastic. The use of modern polymeric materials will eliminate the disadvantages of the materials used with the same advantages. The study considers the possibility of replacing steel energy-absorbing elements of frontal road barriers with energy-absorbing elements, which are made of a polymer material based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The comparison was carried out on the basis of digital modeling of a vehicle collision with a frontal road barrier according to the energy absorption criterion using the LS-Dyna nonlinear dynamics software package. The developed digital models are validated by bench and field tests. Based on the results of the virtual tests, the dimensions of the energy-absorbing elements of the polymer structure of the frontal road fence were selected, which in their properties is not inferior to the used metal analogue. The results obtained prove the prospects of using modern composite and polymer materials in road safety systems.
Mathematical model of an intelligent decision support system for road quality management
Authors: Abbasov E M , Teodorovich N N , Sidorova N P , Abbasova T S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The experience of operation of decision support systems is analyzed, it is shown that the existing principles of creating these systems do not take into account the failure and change in the performance of individual service element, which depend on the current load on the system. The definition of an adaptive decision support system as an intelligent system that works in an automated mode and is able to function in a changing environment, its internal structure, knowledge base, regulatory framework for management, support tools, system users is given. The tasks of construction a mathematical model of an adaptive decision support system and determining its objective function are set. A distributed decision support system, which receives information containing data from various input sources was studied. For construction a mathematical model of the system under investigation, the procedures for selecting mathematical models and methods of queuing theory were used. To assess the quality and effectiveness of an adaptive decision support system, simulation modeling is proposed.
Production of modifying additives for highways
Authors: Kolosov A D , Kondrat’ev V V , Kononenko R V , Guseva E A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article presents a description and operating parameters of the technological process for the production of modifying additives for concrete and asphalt concrete based on exhaust gas dust in the production of silicon by operations. Described is a foam product, which is a raw material for obtaining fullerene-like carbon, a modifying additive MD2, and a chamber product for spherical silicon dioxide, a modifying additive MD1. The regulated parameters have been worked out, the regulation limits and the norms of expenses are given. The development of a functional diagram is based on the analysis of the technological process, as an object of automation, in which the main control and controlled influences are distinguished, which must be regulated and maintained within specified limits, in order to obtain the final product with the required quality characteristics. The implementation of this scheme is presented in this work. It combines a flow diagram and technical means measuring, controlling and regulating these flows, in order to ultimately obtain products of the desired quality.
Development of an algorithm for the introduction of innovative technologies in the construction of roads
Authors: Dudina I V , Skorobogatova Y A , Arkhipkin O V , Bovkun A S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article provides an analysis of the current state of the road industry in Russia. There are factors that increase the demand for innovative road construction technologies. The authors have developed an algorithm for the introduction of innovative technologies in road construction. The algorithm developed by the authors will allow road construction enterprises to make informed decisions in choosing the directions of their development. It also enables an enterprise to more clearly identify its market positions and take measures to improve them, solve problems and increase the efficiency of its activities.