bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conserving living heritage site in Portuguese settlement, Melaka world heritage site: issues and conservation elements
Authors: Jamaludin I S , Seow T W , Mat Radzuan I S , Mohamed S , Abas M A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A living heritage site symbolizes the integration between tangible and intangible cultural heritage. It has a traditional community, or a specific area in the environment of a traditional settlement. Rapid urban development poses significant threats to heritage sites, with deterioration and destruction of heritage by introducing pollution, political wars, growing tourism activities, and natural disasters. Conservation of living heritage is by accenting the role of the core community staying in traditional settlements within the heritage area. The city of Melaka was declared as World Heritage Site in 2008 and the government engaged in significant urban development to accommodate the increasing number of tourists landing, and it has threatened its heritage site. Such act jeopardised the core community of Portuguese Settlement with the risk of obliteration of its cultural heritage in the future and this is due to insufficient conservation of community’s cultural heritage from soft infrastructure approaches. Hence, the purpose of this article is to highlight the issues faced by the Portuguese community and discuss elements of community participation, awareness, and stakeholder’s involvement to conserve the community’s cultural heritage. It is done by qualitative methods of interviews, and document analysis of relevant literature, reports and standards. The result reveals the main issues faced by the community are authenticity, vulnerability of modernisation and development hazard, and losing its community. The output of the paper would be beneficial to stakeholders, practitioners, and researchers to develop a sustainable community within the heritage site while maintaining its heritage value.
Household preferences for improved municipal solid waste management services in Penang and Terengganu
Authors: Idris M A M , Moe S S , Yusoh M P , Abas M A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
It is important to acknowledge the interdependent relationships between the economic and the environment system in achieving sustainable development. The environmental system provides typically four classes of services to the economic system: the natural capital for production, amenity services, basic life support services, and waste sink services. High investment in technology, programmes, projects, or any measures related to the recycling concept in the circular flow of production and consumption relationships should be given more concentration in the future waste management plan and policies. This is because the mass of waste generated from the production and consumption relationships is continually increasing as the population grows, leading to a more polluted environmental system. This study examined the households’ perspectives on the potential improved municipal solid waste management system in their residential area. Two study sites were compared to their households’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for the waste management system. By using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) approach, the study concluded that the economic value of the improved municipal solid waste management services in the study sites ranged from MYR 15.42 to MYR 29.67 per month, which on aggregate, ranged from MYR 13.3 million to MYR 117.7 million per year. These economic values indirectly indicated the amount the population preferred to pay as the cost to reduce the impacts of improper management of municipal solid waste.
Developing a Sustainable Solid Waste Management System Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method at Pondok Institutions in Kelantan
Authors: Azahari S N S S , Abas M A , Hussin H , Nor A N M , Wee S T , Fitriani N , Yusoof M R M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study focuses on developing a sustainable solid waste management system at Pondok institution using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Besides that, the types of solid waste generated were determined. Three alternatives were underlined, which are composting, recycling, and both composting and recycling. This research utilised the convenience sampling method, where a constructive questionnaire was used as a research instrument. An online questionnaire with detailed descriptions was distributed to two (2) Pondok institutions in Kelantan. After that, empirical research using the AHP method was carried out to find the priority weights of alternatives to develop a sustainable solid waste management system in Pondok institution. There are two significant findings in this research. This research revealed the types of solid waste generated by Pondok institutions that are food waste/farm waste, plastics, papers, metal and aluminium tin, and glass. The highest types of solid waste generated are organic waste, and the least is glass. Besides that, this research discovered the most appropriate sustainable solid waste management system alternative to be implemented in Pondok institutions, which is composting and recycling. Developing a sustainable solid waste management system will reduce excessive solid waste generation, reduce space for dumping sites, and overcome environmental problems.
Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Rafflesia kerri Meijer, Lojing Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Norhazlini M Z , Mailina J , Shalini M , Nor-Azah M A , Onrizal  , Zulhazman H 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRafflesia kerriMeijer belongs to genus Rafflesia, recognized as the biggest flower in the world. This species found distributed in tropical rainforest of Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia. The flower believed to have medicinal values and used as traditional herbs by aborigine ethnic group and locals. Herein, this study was conducted to evaluate the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of the flower by using several antioxidant assays, which includes 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The extract of female ethanolic extract exhibited highest antioxidant activity in all of the assays (FRAP = 4642.844 ± 10.777 mM/mg) and median inhibition concentration (IC50= 49.850 ± 2.179). The same extract showed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid content with respective value of (Gallic acid equivalent, GAE) of 1634.731 ± 20.465 mg/100g and Quercetin equivalent (QE = 817.000 ± 69.282 mg/g) respectively with significantly differences (p < 0.05) compared to male ethanolic extract. Thus, the flower is highly valuable not only for ecotourism industry but also has potent medicinal value for human health improvement.
Developing spatial map of landscape trees at UMK Jeli campus using GIS
Authors: Daliman S , Tan R , Amaludin N A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Landscape trees are wood’s trees that had been planted artificially within the urban areas. For affection management and preservation purposes, a spatial map of these tree have been developed for landscape trees at UMK Jeli Campus using GIS. The scope of this study is focusing on conducting tree inventory for landscape trees planted surrounding the main infrastructure and building at UMK Jeli Campus. Due to the limitation of published existing data and recording about landscape inventories of UMK Jeli Campus and the existing data are incomplete, the objective of the study is to create a database and spatial tree map of those landscape trees of the campus using GPS and GIS software through tree inventory. The database and spatial tree map are significantly importance as it can be used for future management and planning of the landscape and landscape trees of the campus. The process of this study began by performing tree inventory to collect the spatial ground information of the landscape trees inside the campus. Plants identification Apps of Pl@ntNet Identify will be used to identify the scientific species name of the landscape trees, then combining both information to create a database. The database shall be displayed into ArcGIS software by overlapping with the digital image of UMK Jeli Campus to develop a spatial tree map. As a result, the total of 22 areas that marked for tree inventory had been established with the collected total number of 1466 sites of landscape trees and 83 different types of species been sampled and collected their data during the tree inventory.
Effect of Organic Amendments on the Growth of Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis)
Authors: Mohamad Amir Hamzah A S , Abdul Karim M F , Wong H L , Hambali K A , Mohd Yusoff M N , Amaludin N A , Leong M C , Abas M A , Hassin N H , Ismail L , Amir A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aqularia malaccensis or commonly known as ‘Gaharu’ is famous for its heartwood that is fragrant and highly valuable. Since 2018, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has reported a decline in the A. malaccensis population caused by agricultural and heartwood activities. Reforestation and transplanting of the A. malaccensis is essential to preserve the genetic diversity at the species level. Previous studies on the production growth of A. malaccensis have been focussing on using different types and fertilizer regimes to enhance its growth for conservation and restoration effort. However, knowledge on the potential of enhancing the growth of A. malaccensis using soil amendments derived from organic sources is limited. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effect of organic soil amendments derived from four different sources on the growth of A. malaccensis. Saplings of A. malaccensis were employed in a glasshouse experiment following a complete randomized block design with 5 treatments × 4 replicates to ensure validity and minimise variability within treatments. The five treatments were saplings grown with no addition of organic amendments serving as control (C), forest litter (FL), chicken manure (CM), insect frass (IF) and empty fruit bunch mixed with Azolla sp. (EFBA). The saplings grown in polybags were placed randomly on a 9 x 9 grid within the nursery, 0.2 m apart and watered daily using an automatic sprinkler system. Physical characteristics of the saplings and other environmental parameters were measured. The saplings of A. malaccensis increased in mean height when grown in soil amended with CM, IF and EFBA. In contrast, there were no significant effect of organic amendments of plant stem diameter, number of shoots and leaves. In addition, the stem diameter for saplings grown in soil with organic amendments were weakly and negatively correlated to soil temperature. This study indicated that that the organic soil amendments derived from different sources had a significant role in the plant’s resource allocation during the saplings stage. Further studies on the plant, organic amendments and soil physicochemical traits are needed to explain the interaction between these components for the better conservation effort.
Bioengineering of a scaffold-less three-dimensional tissue using net mould
Authors: Sakaguchi Katsuhisa , Tobe Yusuke , Yang Jiayue , Tanaka Ryu-ichiro , Yamanaka Kumiko , Ono Jiro , Shimizu Tatsuya 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Tissue engineering has attracted attention worldwide because of its application in regenerative medicine, drug screening, and cultured meat. Numerous biofabrication techniques for producing tissues have been developed, including various scaffold and printing methods. Here, we have proposed a novel tissue engineering method using a net metal mould without the use of a scaffold. Briefly, normal human dermal fibroblasts seeded on a dimple plate were subjected to static culture technique for several days to form spheroids. Spheroids of diameter ⩾200 μm were poured into a net-shaped mould of gap ⩽100 μm and subjected to shake-cultivation for several weeks, facilitating their fusion to form a three-dimensional (3D) tissue. Through this study, we successfully constructed a scaffold-free 3D tissue having strength that can be easily manipulated, which was difficult to construct using conventional tissue engineering methods. We also investigated the viability of the 3D tissue and found that the condition of the tissues was completely different depending on the culture media used. Collectively, this method allows scaffold-free culture of 3D tissues of unprecedented thickness, and may contribute largely to next-generation tissue engineering products.
Forcespinning fabrication of CdTe-quantum dot/polylactic acid microfibers for novel surface-engineered application
Authors: Gutiérrez H M Leija , Solís-Pomar F , Gutiérrez-Lazos C D , Ruíz-Robles M A , Buitimea-Cantúa G V , del Angel- Sánchez K , Elías-Zúñiga A , Meléndrez M F , Pérez-Tijerina E 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The aim of this work was to prepare and characterize color-tunable luminescent nanocomposite fibers composed of CdTe quantum dots (CdTe-QDs) and polylactic acid (PLA) via nanoprecipitation. This method provides a simple procedure to incorporate QDs with various emission wavelengths onto nanofibers’ surfaces. A one-pot microwave irradiation method was employed to prepare green- to red-emitting 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-capped CdTe-QDs with high luminescence. Microfiber PLA membranes were produced via forcespinning. These nanofibers can integrate the luminescent properties of CdTe-QDs and extend their advantages to fiber-based structures. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the CdTe-QDs. TEM images revealed that the CdTe-QDs were 4 nm in size. The CdTe-QDs’ effect on the microfibers were characterized morphologically via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which showed that the average diameter of the CdTe-QDs/PLA nanofibers was 3.5 μm. They were optically analyzed by photoluminescence (PL), absorption spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and confocal fluorescence microscopy. FTIR revealed strong interactions between the MAP stabilizing agents and PLA fibers. These preliminary results demonstrate that these microfibers have potential for biological labeling and diagnostics based on their properties.
Roadblocks and successes in preparing COVID-19 vaccination clinics: Perspectives from pharmacy residents
Authors: Ezeude Ginikannwa I , Glover Kristen R , Nieves Santiago Alejandro A , Repella Emily , Tang Emily 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Purpose
To outline logistics challenges, barriers, and successes in the development of separate programs for mass COVID-19 vaccine distribution and administration to healthcare employees and community members.

Summary
In the face of the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, COVID-19 vaccine development and distribution became a worldwide priority. AdventHealth Orlando was selected as the central hub for vaccination efforts for central Florida. There was a need to quickly evaluate literature, patient safety, and institutional resources and logistics to coordinate the development of employee and community vaccination clinics. These efforts were driven by postgraduate year 2 residents in health-system pharmacy administration and leadership, medication-use safety and policy, and informatics. Clinic development focused on 4 key areas: vaccine quality control, secure inventory movement, safe preparation and administration, and consolidation of inventory. Healthcare worker vaccinations were administered on the health system’s main campus, and community vaccination events were carried out at temporary clinic facilities set up in the parking lot of Orlando International Airport.

Conclusion
In a mass COVID-19 vaccination initiative directed by the pharmacy enterprise leadership of a large Florida health system, postgraduate year 2 pharmacy residents played a key role in developing and implementing vaccination clinics targeting healthcare worker and community populations. During multiple vaccination events, a total of more than 50,000 COVID-19 vaccine doses were administered, with minimal to no vaccine wastage.
Joint eQTL mapping and inference of gene regulatory network improves power of detecting bothcis- andtrans-eQTLs
Authors: Zhou Xin , Cai Xiaodong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMotivationGenetic variations of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) play a critical role in influencing complex traits and diseases development. Two main factors that affect the statistical power of detecting eQTLs are: (i) relatively small size of samples available, and (ii) heavy burden of multiple testing due to a very large number of variants to be tested. The later issue is particularly severe when one tries to identify trans-eQTLs that are far away from the genes they influence. If one can exploit co-expressed genes jointly in eQTL-mapping, effective sample size can be increased. Furthermore, using the structure of the gene regulatory network (GRN) may help to identify trans-eQTLs without increasing multiple testing burden.ResultsIn this article, we use the structure equation model (SEM) to model both GRN and effect of eQTLs on gene expression, and then develop a novel algorithm, named sparse SEM for eQTL mapping (SSEMQ), to conduct joint eQTL mapping and GRN inference. The SEM can exploit co-expressed genes jointly in eQTL mapping and also use GRN to determine trans-eQTLs. Computer simulations demonstrate that our SSEMQ significantly outperforms nine existing eQTL mapping methods. SSEMQ is further used to analyze two real datasets of human breast and whole blood tissues, yielding a number of cis- and trans-eQTLs.Availability and implementationR package ssemQr is available at https://github.com/Ivis4ml/ssemQr.git.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate DNA methylation conservation in colorectal tumors
Authors: Murgas Kevin A , Ma Yanlin , Shahidi Lidea K , Mukherjee Sayan , Allen Andrew S , Shibata Darryl , Ryser Marc D 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMotivationConservation is broadly used to identify biologically important (epi)genomic regions. In the case of tumor growth, preferential conservation of DNA methylation can be used to identify areas of particular functional importance to the tumor. However, reliable assessment of methylation conservation based on multiple tissue samples per patient requires the decomposition of methylation variation at multiple levels.ResultsWe developed a Bayesian hierarchical model that allows for variance decomposition of methylation on three levels: between-patient normal tissue variation, between-patient tumor-effect variation and within-patient tumor variation. We then defined a model-based conservation score to identify loci of reduced within-tumor methylation variation relative to between-patient variation. We fit the model to multi-sample methylation array data from 21 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm (Stan). Sets of genes implicated in CRC tumorigenesis exhibited preferential conservation, demonstrating the model’s ability to identify functionally relevant genes based on methylation conservation. A pathway analysis of preferentially conserved genes implicated several CRC relevant pathways and pathways related to neoantigen presentation and immune evasion. Our findings suggest that preferential methylation conservation may be used to identify novel gene targets that are not consistently mutated in CRC. The flexible structure makes the model amenable to the analysis of more complex multi-sample data structures.Availability and implementationThe data underlying this article are available in the NCBI GEO Database, under accession code GSE166212. The R analysis code is available at https://github.com/kevin-murgas/DNAmethylation-hierarchicalmodel.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Impact of the admitting ward on care quality and outcomes in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: insights from a national registry
Authors: Moledina Saadiq M , Shoaib Ahmad , Sun Louise Y , Myint Phyo K , Kotronias Rafail A , Shah Benoy N , Gale Chris P , Quan Hude , Bagur Rodrigo , Mamas Mamas A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aims
Little is known about the association between the type of admission ward and quality of care and outcomes for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).

Methods and results
We analysed data from 337 155 NSTEMI admissions between 2010 and 2017 in the UK Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP) database. The cohort was dichotomised according to receipt of care either on a medical (n = 142,876) or cardiac ward, inclusive of acute cardiac wards and cardiac care unit (n = 194,279) on admission to hospital. Patients admitted to a cardiac ward were younger (median age 70 y vs. 75 y, P &lt; 0.001), and less likely to be female (33% vs. 40%, P &lt; 0.001). Independent factors associated with admission to a cardiac ward included ischaemic ECG changes (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.18–1.23) and prior percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.16–1.22). Patients admitted to a cardiac ward were more likely to receive optimal pharmacotherapy with statin (85% vs. 81%, P &lt; 0.001) and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) (91% vs. 88%, P &lt; 0.001) on discharge, undergo invasive coronary angiography (78% vs. 59%, P &lt; 0.001), and receive revascularisation in the form of PCI (52% vs. 36%, P &lt; 0.001). Following multivariable logistic regression, the odds of inhospital all-cause mortality (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.70–0.81) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.78–0.91) were lower in patients admitted to a cardiac ward.

Conclusion
Patients with NSTEMI admitted to a cardiac ward on admission were more likely to receive guideline directed management and had better clinical outcomes.
Gravity and Heterogeneous Trade Cost Elasticities
Authors: Chen Natalie , Novy Dennis 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
How do trade costs affect international trade? This paper offers a new approach. We rely on a flexible gravity equation that predicts variable trade cost elasticities, both across and within country pairs. We apply this framework to popular trade cost variables such as currency unions, trade agreements and World Trade Organization membership. While we estimate that these variables are associated with increased bilateral trade on average, we find substantial heterogeneity. Consistent with the predictions of our framework, trade cost effects are strong for ‘thin’ bilateral relationships characterised by small import shares, and weak or even zero for ‘thick’ relationships.