bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN SERAT DAN UJI HEDONIK PADA PRODUK SNACK BAR TEPUNG BERAS MERAH (Oryza Nivara L) DAN KACANG HIJAU (Phaseolus Radiatus L)
Authors: Nathasya YP Nanda , Hermanto Restu Amalia , Ulfah Ardhika 
Published: February 2021

Latar Belakang: Tingkat konsumsi serat masyarakat Indonesia dilihat dari tingkat konsumsi sayur dan buah sebagai sumber serat yang masih rendah. Snack bar merupakan makanan selingan yang terbuat dari serealia dan kacang-kacangan dapat menjadi alternatif makanan sumber serat.
Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui pengaruh rasio tepung beras merah dan kacang hijau terhadap uji hedonik, kandungan serat, formulasi terbaik pada pembuatan snack bar dan mengetahui kontribusi serat yang terkandung dalam snack bar tepung beras merah dan kacang hijau terhadap angka kecukupan gizi (AKG).
Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu perbandingan jumlah rasio tepung beras merah dan kacang hijau dalam pembuatan snack bar dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu pembuatan snack bar, analisis kandungan serat dan uji hedonik. Panelis sebanyak 60 orang dari kelompok usia umum. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan One Way Anova dan kruskal wallis test.
Hasil: kandungan serat snack menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p>0.05) dengan nilai p value 0.055. hasil uji hedonik terhadap parameter warna diperoleh p value 0.699, aroma dengan p value 0.913, rasa diperoleh p value 0.762 dan tekstur dengan p value 0.708 atau (p<0,05) atau tidak ada pengaruh antara rasio terhadap uji hedonik snack bar dari parameter warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur tiap formulasi.
Simpulan: Perbedaan rasio tepung beras dan kacang hijau tidak berpengaruh terhadap kandungan serat dan uji hedonik pada snack bar. Snack bar F3 menjadi formula terbaik namun belum bisa mencukupi kebutuhan serat perhari.
Adolescents' Perspectives on Prescription Opioid Misuse and Medication Safety
Authors: Abraham Olufunmilola , Szela Lisa , Thakur Tanvee , Brasel Kelsey , Brown Randall 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVESThis study explored adolescents' perspectives on prescription opioids, opioid safety and misuse, and sources of opioid information.METHODSHigh school students participated in focus groups that elicited information about adolescent perspectives on prescription opioids and opioid safety. Demographic information was collected. Focus groups consisted of 5 to 8 student participants and 2 moderators. Focus groups were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed. Transcript content was thematically analyzed using NVivo.RESULTSA total of 54 high school students (59% female, 44% white, 44% Latino) participated in 8 focus groups. Participants ranged from ages 14 to 18 years and grades 9 to 12. Five major themes emerged: 1) perceptions of prescription opioids and misuse; 2) prevalence of prescription opioid misuse; 3) reasons for prescription opioid misuse; 4) consequences of prescription opioid misuse; and 5) sources of medication information. Participants identified examples of misuse and reasons for and consequences of teen opioid misuse, including mental and physical health challenges, peer and family influences, and addiction. Sources of opioid-related information included family, peers, online Web sites, and television shows.CONCLUSIONSAdolescents had some knowledge pertaining to prescription opioids, but they had misconceptions related to safety. Participants were aware of safety risks and negative consequences of misuse. Adolescents obtained medication information from various sources, including health care professionals, family and peers, and online sources. Educational efforts that target adolescents should provide opportunities for addressing misconceptions about safe and responsible use of medications.
Experience of Botulinum Toxin A Injections for Chronic Migraine Headaches in a Pediatric Chronic Pain Clinic
Authors: Santana Lisgelia , Liu Cherry 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVES
Prevalence of chronic migraine in children can reach 7.7%, causing decreased school performance, difficulty with extracurricular activities (including sports, theater, or music), and changes in sleep and mood. Many studies confirm that botulinum toxin type A injections effectively alleviate chronic migraines in adults; however, the literature regarding children is sparse. This study aims to analyze the safety and effectiveness of botulinum type A injections in a group of pediatric patients diagnosed with chronic migraines in a pediatric pain clinic.

METHODS
In this retrospective (2013–2018) study, the effects of botulinum toxin type A injections were analyzed using data from 65 pediatric patients diagnosed with chronic migraines. The study group ranged from 11 to 18 years of age. A pediatric pain management physician administered the botulinum using the Phase 3 Research Evaluating Migraine Prophylaxis Therapy program protocol and followed the pain pattern. Dosages, tolerance, and side effects were measured.

RESULTS
In this study, 74% of the patients tried more than 6 medications before the injections. There was a decrease in the visual analog scale score of 5.2 ± 2.2 points upon 6-week follow-up. The mean amount of medication used was 173.2 ± 35 units, and patients received an average of 2.8 ± 1.1 units/kg. Adverse events include one patient who developed dizziness and another who had low-grade fevers with enlarged cervical lymph nodes; both resolved within few minutes.

CONCLUSIONS
This study supports the use of botulinum type A for chronic migraines in pediatric patients. Multicentered, randomized studies with larger population are needed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of this therapy.
Extended Infusion of Beta-Lactams Is Associated With Improved Outcomes in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Zembles Tracy N. , Schortemeyer Rachael , Kuhn Evelyn M. , Bushee Glenn , Thompson Nathan E. , Mitchell Michelle L. 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE
The pharmacokinetics of beta-lactam antibiotics favor administration via an extended infusion. Although literature supporting extended infusion beta-lactams exists in adults, few data are available to guide the practice in pediatrics. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical outcomes between extended and standard infusions in children.

METHODS
This retrospective chart analysis included hospitalized patients 0 to 18 years old who received at least 72 hours of cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, or meropenem between October 1, 2017, and March 31, 2019. Clinical outcomes of care included hospital length of stay, readmission within 30 days, and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS
A total of 551 patients (258 extended infusion, 293 standard infusion) met criteria for evaluation. Clinical outcomes among the entire population were similar. A subanalysis of select populations demonstrated decreased mortality in critical care patients (2.1% vs 19.6%, p = 0.006) and decreased 30-day readmission rates in bone marrow transplant patients (0% vs 50%, p = 0.012) who received the extended infusion compared with a standard infusion.

CONCLUSIONS
Outcomes were similar between extended and standard infusions in children. Subgroup analyses suggest a possible mortality benefit in the critically ill and decreased readmission rate in bone marrow transplant patients.
Hubungan Riwayat Komplikasi Saat Hamil dengan Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) di Indonesia
Authors: Manurung Pebrina , Helda Helda 
Published: February 2021

Bayi dengan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) berisiko mengalami banyak masalah kesehatan seperti jatuh sakit dalam enam hari pertama kehidupannya atau mengalami infeksi, serta dapat juga menderita masalah jangka panjang seperti perkembangan motorik dan sosial yang tertunda atau ketidakmampuan belajar. WHO memperkirakan BBLR sekitar 15% hingga 20% dari jumlah yang lahir, mewakili tiap tahunnya ada sekitar 20 juta kelahiran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat komplikasi saat hamil dengan kejadian BBLR. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu study cross sectional dengan menganalisis data IFLS tahun 2014. Sebanyak 372 responden diikutkan dalam studi ini. Analisis chi square test untuk mengetahui hubungan antara exsposure (riwayat komplikasi saat hamil) dan outcome (BBLR) serta variabel lain yang diikutkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu jenis kelamin, urutan kelahiran dan konsumsi tablet Fe saat hamil sedangkan untuk analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda. Ada hubungan antara riwayat komplikasi saat hamil dengan kejadian BBLR dengan nilai asosiasi PR 2,123 (95% CI 0,999-4,529), artinya ibu yang memiliki riwayat komplikasi saat hamil lebih beresiko 2,123 kali dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tidak memiliki riwayat komplikasi saat hamil untuk melahirkan anak BBLR. Riwayat komplikasi saat hamil berhubungan dengan terjadinya BBLR. Ibu hamil diharapkan dapat mencegah terjadinya komplikasi kehamilan dengan selalu memeriksakan kehamilannya ke tenaga kesehatan untuk dapat mendeteksi dini adanya komplikasi serta menanganinya agar tidak berdampak pada janin, dan ibu hamil juga sebaiknya patuh minum tablet Fe sesuai anjuran agar dapat mencegah terjadinya komplikasi anemia.
Riding the New York Subway
Authors: Höhne Stefan 
Published: February 2021

A history of New York subway passengers as they navigated the system's constraints while striving for individuality, or at least a smooth ride.
When the subway first opened with much fanfare on October 27, 1904, New York became a city of underground passengers almost overnight. In this book, Stefan Höhne examines how the experiences of subway passengers in New York City were intertwined with cultural changes in urban mass society throughout the twentieth century. Höhne argues that underground transportation—which early passengers found both exhilarating and distressing—changed perceptions, interactions, and the organization of everyday life.
Over the decades, discourses surrounding the subway system shaped passengers alternately as progressive heroes, fragile cargo, barbarians, patriots, or vigilantes. At the same time, authorities saw passengers as undisciplined masses posing a threat to order. Höhne investigates how authorities attempted to control passenger behavior with rules and regulations in an effort to ensure efficiency in transit. Meanwhile, passengers asserted their individuality by resisting imposed norms and inventing subversive practices.
Critically engaging with the work of Michel Foucault and other theorists, Höhne maps the subway–passenger relationship from the system's inception to its 1968 consolidation into the Metropolitan Transit Authority, as the subway—once a monument to progress—became a neglected infrastructure plagued by crime and fear. Höhne shows that throughout the course of the twentieth century, New York City subway passengers struggled to navigate the system's constraints while striving for individuality, or at least a smooth ride.
Sugarcane/peanut intercropping system improves physicochemical properties by changing N and P cycling and organic matter turnover in root zone soil
Authors: Tang Xiumei , Zhang Yixin , Jiang Jing , Meng Xiuzhen , Huang Zhipeng , Wu Haining , He Liangqiong , Xiong Faqian , Liu Jing , Zhong Ruichun , Han Zhuqiang , Tang Ronghua 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe sugarcane/peanut intercropping system is a specific and efficient cropping pattern in South China. Intercropping systems change the bacterial diversity of soils and decrease disease rates. It can not only utilized light, heat, water and land resources efficiently, but also increased yield and economic benefits of farmers.MethodsWe determined soil nutrients, enzymes and microbes in sugarcane/peanut intercropping system, and analyzed relevance of the soil physicochemical properties and the genes involved in N and P cycling and organic matter turnover by metagenome sequencing.ResultsThe results showed that sugarcane/peanut intercropping significantly boosted the content of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, total potassium, organic matter, pH value and bacteria and enhanced the activity of acid phosphatase compared to monocropping. Especially the content of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic matter increased significantly by 20.1%, 65.3% and 56.0% in root zone soil of IP2 treatment than monocropping treatment. The content of available potassium and microbial biomass carbon, as well as the activity of catalase, sucrase and protease, significantly decreased in intercropping root zone soil. Intercropping resulted in a significant increase by 7.8%, 16.2% and 23.0% in IS, IP1 and IP2, respectively, of the acid phosphatase content relative to MS. Metagenomic analysis showed that the pathways involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism were dominant and more abundant in intercropping than in monocropping. Moreover, the relative abundances of genes related to N cycling (glnA,GLUD1_2,nirK), P cycling (phoR,phoB) and organic matter turnover (PRDX2_4) were higher in the intercropping soil than in the monocropping soil. The relative abundance ofGLUD1_2andphoRwere 25.5% and 13.8% higher in the IP2 treatment respectively,andbgIXwas higher in IS treatment compared to the monocropping treatment. Genes that were significantly related to phosphorus metabolism and nitrogen metabolism (TREH,katE,gudB) were more abundant in intercropping than in monocropping.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that the intercropping system changed the numbers of microbes as well as enzymes activities, and subsequently regulate genes involved in N cycling, P cycling and organic matter turnover. Finally, it leads to the increase of nutrients in root zone soil and improved the soil environment.
Rating Repeat Partial Meniscectomies, Unoperated Meniscal Tears, and Meniscal Repairs
Authors: Brooks Charles N. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rating repeat partial meniscectomies, unoperated meniscal tears, and meniscal repairs requires thoughtful clinical assessment and application of directives provided in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides). Although the AMA Guides provide a specific impairment value for a partial meniscectomy, repeat meniscectomies may result in further impairment not to exceed the maximum value assigned for a total meniscectomy.
The Conundrum of Impairment and Disability Related to Chronic Pain
Authors: Feinberg Steven D. , Brigham Christopher R. , Brooks Charles N. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Assessment of impairment and disability experienced by patients with chronic pain is challenging. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) assesses impairment primarily based on objective findings, but pain is subjective. The sixth edition of the AMA Guides provides a pain-related impairment (PRI) of up to 3% in rare situations. Otherwise, pain is considered to be reflected in the conventional impairment rating system. There are still many unanswered questions.
Identification of Radiographic Foot Osteoarthritis: Sensitivity of Views and Features Using the La Trobe Radiographic Atlas
Authors: Menz Hylton B. , Munteanu Shannon E. , Marshall Michelle , Thomas Martin J. , Rathod‐Mistry Trishna , Peat George M. , Roddy Edward 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo compare the sensitivity of alternative case finding approaches for the identification of foot osteoarthritis (OA) based on the La Trobe radiographic atlas.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of 533 adults age ≥50 years with foot pain in the past year. Weightbearing dorsoplantar (DP) and lateral radiographs were taken of both feet. The La Trobe radiographic atlas was used to document the presence of osteophytes (OPs) and joint space narrowing (JSN). The prevalence of OA in each joint was documented using both views and features in combination (as recommended in the original atlas), and by using a single view (DP or lateral only) and a single feature (OP or JSN only).ResultsCompared to the recommended case definition based on OPs and JSN using both views, a DP‐only view identified between 15% and 77% of OA cases, while a lateral‐only view identified between 28% and 97% of OA cases. Compared to the recommended case definition of using both features, using only OPs identified between 46% and 94% of OA cases, while using only JSN identified between 19% and 76% of OA cases.ConclusionApplying the La Trobe radiographic atlas but using only 1 radiograph view (DP or lateral) or 1 feature (OP or JSN) in isolation misses a substantial number of OA cases, and the sensitivity of these approaches varies considerably between different foot joints. These findings indicate that, where possible, the atlas should be administered according to the original description to avoid under‐ascertainment of radiographic foot OA.
In Vivo Retention Quantification of Supramolecular Hydrogels Engineered for Cardiac Delivery
Authors: Schotman Maaike J. G. , Peters Marijn M. C. , Krijger Gerard C. , van Adrichem Iris , de Roos Remmert , Bemelmans John L. M. , Pouderoijen Maarten J. , Rutten Martin G. T. A. , Neef Klaus , Chamuleau Steven A. J. , Dankers Patricia Y. W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRecent advances in the field of cardiac regeneration show great potential in the use of injectable hydrogels to reduce immediate flush‐out of injected factors, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the encapsulated drugs. To establish a relation between cardiac function and retention of the drug‐encapsulating hydrogel, a quantitative in vivo imaging method is required. Here, the supramolecular ureido‐pyrimidinone modified poly(ethylene glycol) (UPy‐PEG) material is developed into a bioactive hydrogel for radioactive imaging in a large animal model. A radioactive label is synthesized, being a ureido‐pyrimidinone moiety functionalized with a chelator (UPy‐DOTA) complexed with the radioactive isotope indium‐111 (UPy‐DOTA‐111In) that is mixed with the hydrogel. Additionally, bioactive and adhesive properties of the UPy‐PEG hydrogel are increased by supramolecular introduction of a UPy‐functionalized recombinant collagen type 1‐based material (UPy‐PEG‐RCPhC1). This method enables in vivo tracking of the nonbioactive and bioactive supramolecular hydrogels and quantification of hydrogel retention in a porcine heart. In a small pilot, cardiac retention values of 8% for UPy‐PEG and 16% for UPy‐PEG‐RCPhC1 hydrogel are observed 4 h postinjection. This work highlights the importance of retention quantification of hydrogels in vivo, where elucidation of hydrogel quantity at the target site is proposed to strongly influence efficacy of the intended therapy.
Multiphoton‐Guided Creation of Complex Organ‐Specific Microvasculature
Authors: Rayner Samuel G. , Howard Caitlin C. , Mandrycky Christian J. , Stamenkovic Stefan , Himmelfarb Jonathan , Shih Andy Y. , Zheng Ying 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEngineering functional human tissues in vitro is currently limited by difficulty replicating the small caliber, complex connectivity, cellularity, and 3D curvature of the native microvasculature. Multiphoton ablation has emerged as a promising technique for fabrication of microvascular structures with high resolution and full 3D control, but cellularization and perfusion of complex capillary‐scale structures has remained challenging. Here, multiphoton ablation combined with guided endothelial cell growth from pre‐formed microvessels is used to successfully create perfusable and cellularized organ‐specific microvascular structures at anatomic scale within collagen hydrogels. Fabrication and perfusion of model 3D pulmonary and renal microvascular beds is demonstrated, as is replication and perfusion of a brain microvascular unit derived from in vivo data. Successful endothelialization and blood perfusion of a kidney‐specific microvascular structure is achieved, using laser‐guided angiogenesis. Finally, proof‐of‐concept hierarchical blood vessels and complex multicellular models are created, using multistep patterning with multiphoton ablation techniques. These successes open new doors for the creation of engineered tissues and organ‐on‐a‐chip devices.
What Atomic Positions Determines Reactivity of a Surface? Long‐Range, Directional Ligand Effects in Metallic Alloys
Authors: Clausen Christian M. , Batchelor Thomas A. A. , Pedersen Jack K. , Rossmeisl Jan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLigand and strain effects can tune the adsorption energy of key reaction intermediates on a catalyst surface to speed up rate‐limiting steps of the reaction. As novel fields like high‐entropy alloys emerge, understanding these effects on the atomic structure level is paramount: What atoms near the binding site determine the reactivity of the alloy surface? By statistical analysis of 2000 density functional theory calculations and subsequent host/guest calculations, it is shown that three atomic positions in the third layer of an fcc(111) metallic structure fourth‐nearest to the adsorption site display significantly increased influence on reactivity over any second or third nearest atomic positions. Subsequently observed in multiple facets and host metals, the effect cannot be explained simply through the d‐band model or a valence configuration model but rather by favorable directions of interaction determined by lattice geometry and the valence difference between host and guest elements. These results advance the general understanding of how the electronic interaction of different elements affect adsorbate–surface interactions and will contribute to design principles for rational catalyst discovery of better, more stable and energy efficient catalysts to be employed in energy conversion, fuel cell technologies, and industrial processes.
Intrinsic Semiconducting Behavior in a Large Mixed‐Valent Uranium(V/VI) Cluster
Authors: Zhang Mingxing , Liang Chengyu , Cheng Guo‐Dong , Chen Junchang , Wang Yumin , He Linwei , Cheng Liwei , Gong Shicheng , Zhang Duo , Li Jiong , Hu Shu‐Xian , Diwu Juan , Wu Guozhong , Wang Yaxing , Chai Zhifang , Wang Shuao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe disclose the intrinsic semiconducting properties of one of the largest mixed‐valent uranium clusters, [H3O+][UV(UVIO2)8(μ3‐O)6(PhCOO)2(Py(CH2O)2)4(DMF)4] (Ph=phenyl, Py=pyridyl, DMF=N,N‐dimethylformamide) (1). Single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography demonstrates that UV center is stabilized within a tetraoxo core surrounded by eight uranyl(VI) pentagonal bipyramidal centers. The oxidation states of uranium are substantiated by spectroscopic data and magnetic susceptibility measurement. Electronic spectroscopy and theory corroborate that UV species serve as electron donors and thus facilitate 1 being a n‐type semiconductor. With the largest effective atomic number among all reported radiation‐detection semiconductor materials, charge transport properties and photoconductivity were investigated under X‐ray excitation for 1: a large on‐off ratio of 500 and considerable charge mobility lifetime product of 2.3×10−4 cm2 V−1, as well as a high detection sensitivity of 23.4 μC Gyair−1 cm−2.
Iodide‐Mediated Rapid and Sensitive Surface Etching of Gold Nanostars for Biosensing
Authors: Xianyu Yunlei , Lin Yiyang , Chen Qu , Belessiotis‐Richards Alexis , Stevens Molly M. , Thomas Michael R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIodide‐mediated surface etching can tailor the surface plasmon resonance of gold nanostars through etching of the high‐energy facets of the nanoparticle protrusions in a rapid and sensitive way. By exploring the underlying mechanisms of this etching and the key parameters influencing it (such as iodide, oxygen, pH, and temperature), we show its potential in a sensitive biosensing system. Horseradish peroxidase‐catalyzed oxidation of iodide enables control of the etching of gold nanostars to spherical gold nanoparticles, where the resulting spectral shift in the surface plasmon resonance yields a distinct color change of the solution. We further develop this enzyme‐modulated surface etching of gold nanostars into a versatile platform for plasmonic immunoassays, where a high sensitivity is possible by signal amplification via magnetic beads and click chemistry.