bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL28B-Gene Polymorphisms (rs12979860) in HCV Liver Parenchymal changes legitimize Screening for SNPs before DAAs Therapy
Authors: Alla Mohamed Darwish Ahmed Abd , Dawood Reham M , Rashed Hassan Abd EL-Hafeth , El-Dessouky Yasser M , AbuFarrag Galal AbdElhameed , Ammar Islam Abdelmawla , Mahmoud Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel-Halim , Salum Ghada M , Abu-Amer Mohamed Zakaria , Sekeen Mohamed Abd elrafaa Hassan Sekeen , Heggazy Mohamed Mousa Ibraheem , Altanbouly Ahmed Mohamed Abdulhamid , Meguid Mai A El , Awady Mostafa Kamel El 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background and objective: IL28B-gene polymorphisms show inconclusive relationships with CHCV DAAs-treatment outcomes on evaluation by serum-PCR. Solitary intra-PBMCs HCV-RNA antisense-strands are independently found in naïve and experienced cases regardless to viremia or hepatic-parenchymal changes. We correlated frequencies of IL28B-gene SNPs and alleles with HCV induced liver-changes during SVR evaluation by PBMCs-PCR after DAAs-therapy. Methods: Twelve weeks after completing DAAs-therapy, the impacts of IL28B-gene-SNPs were evaluated in three groups of patients: group-I (n=25) with negative serum and PBMCs HCV-PCR, group-II (n=52) had solitary intra-PBMCs HCV-RNA, and group-III (n=25) had positive serum HCV-RNA. All cases were subjected to IL28B-gene-SNP analyses and correlated with their ultrasonographic liver changes.Results: IL28B-genotyping in post-DAAs-treatment HCV-SVR and viral relapse revealed: a) dominant CC-genotype and C allele in normal hepatic parenchyma in group-I compared to group-II (P=0.0047, 0.0007) and group-III (P=0.0564, 0.000003) b) frequent CT-SNP and T-allele in bright hepatic parenchyma in group-II when compared with group-I (P=0.0077, 0.002 ) and group-III (P=0.0363, 0.0005) c) increased TT-SNP and T-allele frequencies in coarse liver in group-III compared to group-I (P=0.02256, 0.000130) and group-II (P=0.08647, 0.004308). Conclusions: Outcomes of HCV treatment with DAAs are dependent on host IL28B-gene polymorphisms and HCV induced liver changes. SVR is achieved when wild type-CC-genotype and C-allele are dominant in normal hepatic parenchyma; solitary intra-PBMCs-relapse occurs in increased frequency of CT-genotype when liver tissues are fibrotic; serologic-relapse is dominant when TT-genotype and T-allele are frequent in cirrhotic liver. IL28B-gene SNP analyses in relation to hepatic parenchymal changes are recommended before treating CHCV-infection with DAAs.
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram for Cerebral Infarction Patients in Intensive Care Units: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Mei , Chen Jun , Xu Guoping , Zeng Rui , Liu Qiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Our study aimed to establish a utility risk prediction model for the prognosis of patients with cerebral infarction.BACKGROUND: Despite large number of studies focus on the prognosis risk factors of patients with cerebral infarction, there were still lack of utility and visual risk prediction model for predicting the in-hospital mortality of patients with cerebral infarction.METHODS: The study is a retrospective cohort study. The lasso regression model was used for data dimension reduction and feature selection. Model of hospital mortality of cerebral infarction patients was developed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Calibration and discrimination were used to assess the performance of the nomogram. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the clinical utility of the model. RESULTS: Overall, 1,564 patients (1315 survivals and 249 deaths) with cerebral infarction included in our research from MIMIC-IV database. The incident of in-hospital mortality is 15.9%. Lasso regression model verified that age, white blood cell count, anion gap (AG), SOFA score were significantly correlated with hospital mortality. The risk prediction model demonstrated a good discrimination with an AUC of ROC 0.789 (95% CI 0.752–0.826) in training set and 0.829 (95% CI 0.791–0.867) in test set. The calibration plot of risk prediction model showed predicted probabilities against observed death rates indicated excellent concordance. DCA showed that this model has good clinical benefits.Conclusion: We developed a nomogram that predicts hospital mortality in patients with cerebral infarction according to the real world’s data. The nomogram exhibited excellent discrimination and calibration capacity, favoring its clinical utility.
Evaluation of Betulinic Acid Effects on Pain, Anxiety, Catalepsy, and Oxidative Stress in Animal Model of Parkinson’s Disease.
Authors: Abrishamdar Maryam , Farbood Yaghoob , Sarkaki Alireza , Rashno Mohammad , Badavi Mohammad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is known by motor impairments. Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural active compound with potent antioxidant activity. The present study addresses the question whether BA affects motor dysfunctions, pain, anxiety and molecular changes in the rat model of PD.MethodsRight medial forebrain bundle (MFB) was lesioned by injection of 6-OHDA in Male Wistar rats. BA (0.5, 5 & 10 mg/kg) and L-dopa (20 mg/kg) were administrated for 7 days. rigidity, anxiety, analgesia and memory, were assessed by bar test, open-field, elevated plus-maze (EPM), tail-flick and shuttle box. Additionally, the malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity as well as Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Interleukin 10 (IL10) levels in the brain tissue were measured.ResultsTreatment with BA significantly reversed the 6-OHDA-induced motor complication in the bar test, but it modified anxiety like behavior neither in open-field nor in EPM, it only decreased the time spent in open arms. Moreover no significant changes were found in the tail-flick between treatment and sham groups. On the other hand, the level of MDA & IL10 were decreased, and the activity of GPx, levels of SOD & BDNF in the rats brains were increased.ConclusionOur results showed that BA could affect as a potent natural free radical scavenger which removes brain tissue oxidants in PD. It can account a possible promise as a good therapeutic agent for motor and non-motor complications in PD.
Home medication management problems and associated factors among psychiatric patients under home care pharmacy services at government hospitals in west Malaysia
Authors: Lau Christine Li Ling , Hor Cheah Yen , Ong Siew Ting , Roslan Muhammad Fadhlullah , Beh Xin Yi , Permal Dashnilatha , Rama Shamini 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Proper home medication management plays a role in improving medication adherence, preserving drug efficacy and ensuring safe medication practices, which is crucial to establish positive treatment outcomes. However, no published studies are available on home medication management among psychiatric patients. The study aimed to identify home medication management problems among psychiatric patients in Malaysia and to examine the association between inappropriate medication storage and lack of medication administration schedule with socio-demographic factors, disease insight, number of medication and type of Home Care Pharmacy Services (HCPS).
Methods

This multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted among psychiatric patients under HCPS in six government hospitals in west Malaysia. Data was extracted from the HCPS form used for each visit as per protocol published by the Pharmaceutical Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia. A minimum sample size of 169 was needed. Proportional random sampling was applied. Associations between inappropriate medication storage and lack of medication administration schedule with study parameters were analysed using multiple logistic regressions.
Results

A total of 205 home visits were conducted with 229 home medication management problems identified; inappropriate medication storage and lack of medication administration schedule topped the list. Inappropriate medication storage was significantly associated with low income [AOR=4.34 (95%CI 1.17:15.98), p=0.027], alcohol consumption [AOR=14.26 (95%CI 1.82:111.38), p=0.011], poor insight [AOR=2.34 (95%CI 1.08:5.06), p=0.030] and part-time HCPS [AOR=2.60 (95%CI 1.20:5.67), p=0.016]. Lack of administration schedule was significantly associated with low income [AOR=6.90 (95%CI 1.46:32.48), p=0.014], smoking [AOR=2.43 (95%CI 1.20:4.92), p=0.013], poor insight [AOR=5.32 (95%CI 2.45:11.56), p<0.05] and part-time HCPS [AOR=2.96 (95%CI 1.42:6.15), p=0.004].
Conclusions

Inappropriate medication storage and lack of medication administration schedule is common among psychiatric patients. The study also highlighted the potential of HCPS to improve disease insight and home medication management among psychiatric patients, provided if the service is utilised fully.
Understanding Breast Health Awareness Among Nurses during conflict in Yemen
Authors: Al-Naggar Redhwan , Alshaikhli Hisham 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge of risk factors and symptoms of breast cancer among Yemeni nurses during the conflict. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional design was carried out among 392 randomly selected participants. The instrument consists of 20 items, 12 general awareness statements, and 8 curability statements with a 0.711 reliability coefficient. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. RESULTS: Most of the nurses were female (69.5%), with a mean age of 28.54, with monthly income less than 200 USD (54.3%). About 21.4% of the participants were smokers. Among all participants, the most frequently mentioned risk factor were breastfeeding, reducing the risk of breast development (86.2%), followed by physical activities lowers the developing risk of breast cancer (79.1%). Over time, the myth of the constant irritation due to the tight bra may cause breast cancer reported by women more than male nursing students. In this respect, men were better knowledgeable than women (P=0.001). Females, however, were more aware than males that women who bear their first child before 30 are more to develop breast cancer (P=0.017). Income is significantly associated with the level of knowledge among nurses. The most frequently mentioned breast symptoms among all participants were a pain in the breast (82.9%), followed by changes in the breast shape (79.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Income is significantly associated with the level of knowledge among nurses. The myth about breast cancer is dominant among nurses in Yemen. Therefore, there is an urgent need to educate nurses on breast health.
Three and Two-Dimensional Cardiac Mechanic Parameters by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography are Predictors of Outcomes In Chagas Heart Disease
Authors: Hotta Viviane Tiemi , Abduch Maria Cristina Donadio , Vieira Marcelo Luiz Campos , Vilela Andrea Andrade , Bocchi Edimar Alcides 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected infectious disease associated with early mortality and substantial disability. Three-dimensional speckle tracking (3D STE) may play a role in the evaluation of CD. We aim to characterize new echocardiographic variables in patients with CD and to assess the hypothesis that 3D STE may predict outcomes. METHODS: Seventy-two patients with CD were included. Clinical and conventional 2D and 3D STE analysis were performed. Patients were followed up for sixty months. Clinical events were defined as hospitalization for heart failure, complex ventricular arrhythmias, heart transplant and all-cause death. RESULTS: Seventy-two patients were recruited and enrolled in three groups: left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 0.40 (N=22); 0.40 < LVEF < 0.50 (N=10) and LVEF > 0.50 (N=30). After a Cox model analysis, the top predictors of composite endpoints were 2D LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) ≤ -11.3% (AUC=0.87), 2D LV global circumferential strain (GCS) ≤ -10.1% (AUC=0.79), 3D LV GLS≤ -13% (AUC=0.82), 3D LV area strain ≤ -16% (AUC=0.81) and right ventricle (RV) GLS ≤ -17.2% (AUC=0.78). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CD and mrLVEF were morphologically similar to the rLVEF patients despite the benign evolution as the pLVEF group. RV GLS, 2D LV GLS, 2D LV GCS, 3D LV GLS, and 3D LV area strain are strong predictors of sixty months outcomes in patients with CD.
Corn Cropping System And Nitrogen Fertilizers Technologies Affect Ammonia Volatilization In Brazilian Tropical Soils
Authors: Santos César Ferreira , Pinto Sheila Isabel do Carmo , Guelfi Douglas , Rosa Sara Dantas , Fonseca Adrianne Braga da , Fernandes Tales Jesus , Ferreira Renato Avelar , Satil Leandro Barbosa , Nunes Ana Paula Pereira , Silva Konrad Passos e 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With the advance of the no-tillage system (NT system) in Brazil, the adoption of technologies for nitrogen fertilization in these soils become essential for increasing the efficiency of N use in the system. In this sense, the objective of this study was to quantify ammonia losses, N removal in grains, and with 2nd crop yield in NT system and conventional (T system) planting areas that received application of different N fertilizers and their technologies. Ammonia volatilization, N extraction in grains and corn yield in response to the application of conventional fertilizers were compared to urease inhibitors treated urea in NT and T systems. The treatments were: no-N (Control); Prilled urea (PU); urea + NBPT (UNBPT); urea + Cu + B (UCuB); ammonium nitrate (AN), and ammonium sulfate (AS). In the NT system, the N-NH3 losses were 49% greater than in the T system; without differences for corn yield. The fertilizers as AN, and AS had the lowest N-NH3 losses, regardless of tillage system. UNBPT reduced the mean N-NH3 loss by 33% compared to PU. UNBPT (1,200 mg kg-1) and UNBPT (180 mg kg-1) reduced by 72% and 22% the N-NH3 losses compared to PU in the NT system.
CD23 Mediates Innate Immunity Against Aspergillus Fumigatus Infection in Human Alveolar Macrophages Through Activation by PU.1
Authors: Wang Min , Zhang Ming , Qiu Jiayong , Liu Chenyang , Lou Yao , Wang Tongsheng , Zhang Yingmin , Mao Yimin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aspergillosis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised populations. CD23 is a novel C-type lectin receptors (CLR) recognizing α-mannan and β-glucan in the cell wall of Aspergillus fumigatus (AF) that exerts a host innate immune response. However, the molecular mechanism underlying CD23 mediating immunity against AF infection in human alveolar macrophages is still unclear. In this study, we detected the expression of CD23 and PU.1 and the inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 by qRT–PCR, Western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis in human alveolar macrophages (AMs) with AF infection. Phagocytosis of macrophages with altered CD23 expression and histological changes in lung tissues transfected with CD23-expressing adenoviruses in AF infection were investigated. Dual luciferase, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed to detect the interaction of PU.1 and CD23. The results showed that the expression of CD23, PU.1 and these inflammatory markers increased significantly with the time of AF infection. Increasing CD23 expression strengthened the phagocytosis of AMs, and exogenous CD23 attenuated pathological defects in immunodeficient mouse lung tissues with AF infection. Moreover, CD23 was directly activated by PU.1. PU.1 siRNA resulted in downregulation of inflammatory marker expression, but overexpression of CD23 significantly increased the expression of these markers. Our study concluded that CD23 mediates innate immunity against AF in human AMs through activation of PU.1. Therefore, PU.1/CD23 may be a new anti-aspergillosis therapeutic for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis with the deepening of gene therapy and its wide application in the clinic.
Pressure Distribution On A Flat Plate In The Context of The Phenomenon of The Coanda Effect Hysteresis
Authors: Skotnicka-Siepsiak Aldona 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As a result of the Coanda effect, a symmetrical free jet will flow as an asymmetrical wall jet. At the same time, at the obstacle along which the flow is observed, the wall jet generates pressure distribution. In this study, the obstacle located at the diffuser outlet is a flat plate with a variable inclination angle. The article presents results of the study on pressure distributions on a flat plate with a variable angle of inclination. What is new, however, is that the presented results of the experimental research include the influence of the Coanda effect hysteresis on the pressure distribution on the plate. The article shows how pressure distributions change on the plate depending on whether the initial angle of inclination was 0 degree and was increased gradually in the course of the experiment until a detachment of the jet flowing from the plate was observed, or the initial angle of inclination was close to 90 degrees in the primal state and as the angle of the plate inclination was decreased, the jet flowing towards the plate reached the state of attachment to the plate surface.
Large invisible carbon sink potential of global clay minerals to mitigate climate change
Authors: Xi Huipeng , Bai Xiaoyong , Wu Luhua , Li Chaojun , Chen Huan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The chemical weathering of clay minerals widely distributed in the soil have great potential of carbon sink (CS), but the magnitude and influence mechanisms of this CS are unclear. Here we analyse recent changes in five major clay minerals (chlorite, smectite, mica, illite, and vermiculite) carbon sink and its driving factors, using a process-based model (PROFILE) and satellite data assimilation. We show that magnitude of CS in five major clay minerals is about 0.11 Pg C yr-1 from 0 to 2m depth of soil, which is one third of CS in rocks and also may be mainly responsible for the world's missing carbon sink. According to our simulations, the linear trend of CS during 1970-2018 showing that CS in 56% of the world increasing significantly, although the intensification of CS cannot be explained by soil moisture (SM) or soil temperature (STMP) alone, they are the dominant cause of the intensification of CS in the high latitude area and the decrease of CS in parts of the tropics, while in areas where SM is drier, STMP may weaken the former’s negative effect on CS. Besides, simulation results based on medium emission scenarios indicating that CS may increase by about 36% by the end of this century. These results highlight that a more comprehensive understanding of the magnitude and driving mechanism of the soil minerals’ CS is the key to realizing their potential as a nature-based climate solution.
First Report of Canine Bufavirus and Its Whole Genome Sequence in India
Authors: Ganji Vishweshwar Kumar , Buddala Bhagyalakshmi , Yella Narasimha Reddy , Putty Kalyani 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Canine bufavirus (CaBuV), a novel protoparvovirus of dogs was reported only in Italy and China, till date. It was detected from dogs with enteric and respiratory symptoms and is distantly related to the human bufavirus. To explore the enteric prevalence of CaBuV in India, 186 diarrheic faecal samples were collected in Telangana State between 2019 and 2020. Among the samples, 4.3% (8/186) were positive for CaBuV by PCR. Co-infection with canine parvovirus CPV-2 was seen in 75% (6/8) of CaBuV positive samples. The near complete genome (4292 bp) of CaBuV was amplified and reconstructed for one isolate 407/PVNRTVU/2020. Sequence alignment indicated 93.42–98.81% homology with the other available CaBuV sequences; 70.88-73.39%, and 54.4-54.8% identity with human bufavirus, and CPV-2, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CaBuV 407/PVNRTVU/2020 was most closely related to CaBuV Chinese strains, together separated as Asian lineage. All Bufaviruses clustered together in one clade; however, the bat and sea otter parvoviruses also showed close relation with Bufaviruses. This first report of prevalence of CaBuV in India provides a good reference, emphasizes the need for further epidemiological surveillance of CaBuV in India and its role in canine enteritis.
Development and Validation of a Model to Predict Rebleeding Within Three Days After Endoscopic Hemostasis for Peptic Ulcer Bleeding
Authors: Lai Yongkang , Xu Yuling , Zhu Zhenhua , Pan Xiaolin , Long Shunhua , Liao Wangdi , Li Bimin , Zhu Yin , Chen Youxiang , Shu Xu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Peptic ulcer bleeding remains a typical medical emergency with significant morbidity and mortality. Peptic ulcer rebleeding often occurs within three days after emergency endoscopic hemostasis. Our study aims to develop a nomogram to predict rebleeding within three days after emergency endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleedingMethods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 386 patients with bleeding ulcers who underwent emergency endoscopic hemostasis between March 2014 and October 2018. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method were used to identified predictors. The model was displayed as a nomogram. Internal validation was carried out using bootstrapping. The model was evaluated using the calibration plot, decision-curve analyses and clinical impact curve. Results: Overall, 386 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled, with 48 patients developed rebleeding within three days after initial endoscopic hemostasis. Predictors contained in the nomogram included albumin, prothrombin time, shock, haematemesis/melena and Forrest classification. The model showed good discrimination and good calibration with a C-index of 0.854 (C-index: 0.830 via bootstrapping validation). Decision-curve analyses and clinical impact curve also demonstrated that it was clinically valuable.Conclusion: This study presents a nomogram that incorporates clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic features, effectively predicting rebleeding within three days after emergency endoscopic hemostasis and identifying high-risk rebleeding patients with peptic ulcer bleeding.Trial registration: This clinical trial has been registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04895904) approved by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).