bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ketentuan Hukum Penyidik Kepolisian yang Melakukan Tindakan Salah Tangkap dengan Sewenang-Wenang dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Dikaitkan dengan Perspektif Viktimologi
Authors: Budiman Nadia Najla Maharani Budiman 
Published: February 2025

Hukum merupakan landasan fundamental bagi Negara Indonesia dengan tujuan utama menciptakan ketertiban, keamanan, keadilan, dan kesejahteraan rakyat. Due process atau proses hukum yang adil, adalah prinsip mendasar dalam hukum pidana yang menjamin hak setiap tersangka untuk diselidiki dan disidik sesuai prosedur yang telah ditetapkan oleh hukum. Penegak hukum, seperti polisi, memiliki peran krusial dalam menjaga ketertiban dan memberantas kejahatan. Namun, kenyataannya masih banyak korban salah tangkap akibat tindakan oknum kepolisian, serta penangkapan sewenang-wenang, seperti adanya penyiksaan untuk memaksa mengaku dan meraih informasi yang menjadi permasalahan dalam penegakan hukum di Indonesia. Menurut dokumentasi YLBHI-LBH Jakarta, dalam rentang waktu 2013 hingga 2022, tercatat sebanyak 58 orang menjadi korban tindak penyiksaan dengan dipaksa mengakui perbuatan yang tidak mereka lakukan oleh anggota kepolisian. Dari total korban tersebut, 25 orang di antaranya merupakan korban dari tindakan salah tangkap atau kesalahan dalam proses hukum. Tindak pidana bagi penyidik yang melakukan salah tangkap dengan sewenang-wenang untuk mendapatkan informasi dari tersangka telah diatur dalam KUHP baru, yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 1 tahun 2023 sebagai bentuk reformasi hukum di Indonesia yang mulai akan berlaku di tahun 2026. Pengaturan tersebut penting karena tindakan itu dapat menyebabkan viktimisasi sebagaimana teori viktimologi radikal yang menjelaskan bahwa viktimisasi bisa terjadi akibat ketidakseimbangan kekuasaan dalam sistem peradilan pidana.
Kesesuaian Pembangunan Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung terhadap Prinsip, Asas, dan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan terkait Pengadaan Tanah bagi Pembangunan untuk Kepentingan Umum
Authors: Samsudin Irsyad Halim Al-Ghifari 
Published: February 2025

Tanah memiliki peranan penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Pemanfaatan tanah tidak jarang menimbulkan permasalahan. Salah satunya terkait pengadaan tanah bagi pembangunan untuk kepentingan umum. Hal ini disebabkan oleh sulitnya menemukan kecocokan dalam besaran ganti rugi. Berkaca pada pembangunan Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung yang harus melakukan pengadaan tanah seluas 7,6 meter persegi dengan panjang 142,3 kilometer, tentu saja bukanlah suatu hal yang mudah. Permasalahan umum yang timbul dalam pembangunan Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung adalah terkait ganti rugi, seperti tidak sesuainya nilai ganti rugi yang ada terhadap masyarakat, tidak dilaksanakannya ganti rugi yang sudah dijanjikan, dan permasalahan lainnya. Melalui penelitian hukum normatif terkait prinsip-prinsip, asas-asas, dan peraturan perundangan-undangan terkait pengadaan tanah bagi pembangunan untuk kepentingan umum, didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa pemerintah dan pihak terkait pembangunan belum dapat melaksanakan sepenuhnya prinsip-prinsip dan asas-asas yang ada. Selain itu, pembangunan Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung dapat tetap berjalan, meskipun dengan cara mengeluarkan peraturan yang tidak sesuai perundang-undangan yang berada di atasnya.
The role of health economic evidence in clinical practice guidelines for colorectal cancer: a comparative analysis across countries
Authors: Yan Xiaoyu , Wang Yue , Ma Aixia , Li Hongchao 
Published: February 2025

Aim:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most prevalent malignancies globally and causes massive resource consumption and economic burden. Health economic evidence (HEE) has been used in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for cancer to facilitate the rational allocation of health resources. However, in certain guideline development organizations, HEE is not yet utilized as a formal decision-making criterion. This study aimed to compare the discrepancies in the utilization of health economics as evidence in CRC CPGs across different countries and review specific features of economic evidence concerning the guidelines’ applicability.
Materials & methods:
A systematic review was conducted using databases including Medline, Embase, CNKI, WanFang, and other guidelines databases to identify CPGs for CRC published in English or Chinese from January 2017 to September 2023. Data on the incorporation and application of HEE were extracted, and the method and quality of cost–effectiveness analysis (CEA) studies were evaluated. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize the results.
Results:
Out of 53 CPGs from 14 countries, most originated from the USA (n = 17 of 53 [32%]) and Canada (n = 9 of 53 [17%]). Sixty-eight percent (36/53) considered cost justification, and 57% (30/53) incorporated health economics studies as evidence. The included HEE cited in CPGs ranged from 1990 to 2021 and were not aligned with the countries in which the guidelines were issued. Among these CEA studies, 52% (26/50) were related to screening strategies, and 32% (16/50) pertained to treatment measures. The Markov model was the most frequently used (n = 27 of 50 [54%]). Based on the CHEQUE tool, the methodological quality of these CEA studies was inadequate in areas such as multiple data sources, approaches to select data sources, assessing the quality of data, and relevant equity or distribution.
Conclusion:
In summary, 57% of guidelines incorporated health economics studies as evidence, with a variation between different countries. The included HEE still had deficiencies in methodology and reporting quality. In the future, it is suggested that health economics research should use a standardized methodology and reporting approach to assist in clinical decision making.
Perceived Quality, Overall Service Quality, Overall Service Satisfaction, Perceived Service Value and Future Intentions of a sport event: Portuguese triathlete perceptions
Authors: Jacinto Miguel , Margarido Cristóvão , Sousa Marlene , Marques José , Varela Jorge , Amaro Nuno , Morquecho Sánchez Raquel , Couto Nuno , Matos Rui , Monteiro Diogo , Antunes Raul 
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to analyse the factor structure of a model to assess the perception of satisfaction and quality of a sport event. Confirmatory factor analysis was developed to test the factor structure. The present sample comprised 208 Portuguese triathlete participants (males = 148; Mean age = 41.29 ± 11.28). Of these participants, 169 reported practice of physical activity more than 4 times a week and 153 said they had completed part in 5 or more triathlon events. Current results showed that the measurement model presented adequate fit (total sample model: χ2/df = 2.748, B-S p < .001, TLI = .928, CFI = 0.940, SRMR = 0.075, RMSEA = 0.092 (CI = 1.068, 1.671). These results support the use of this model to assess all the dimensions associated with a sporting event, particularly triathlon.
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la estructura factorial de un modelo para evaluar la percepción de satisfacción y calidad de un acontecimiento deportivo. Se desarrolló un análisis factorial confirmatorio para probar la estructura factorial. La presente muestra comprendió 208 participantes triatletas portugueses (hombres = 148; Edad media = 41.29 ± 11.28). De estos participantes, 169 declararon practicar ejercicio físico más de 4 veces por semana y 153 dijeron haber participado en 5 o más pruebas de triatlón. Los resultados actuales mostraron que el modelo de medición presentaba un ajuste adecuado (modelo muestral total: χ2/df = 2.748, B-S p < .001, TLI = .928, CFI = 0.940, SRMR = 0.075, RMSEA = 0.092 (CI = 1.068, 1.671). Estos resultados apoyan el uso de este modelo para evaluar todas las dimensiones asociadas a un acontecimiento deportivo, en particular el triatlón.
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a estrutura fatorial de um modelo de avaliação da perceção da satisfação e da qualidade de um evento desportivo. A análise fatorial confirmatória foi desenvolvida para testar a estrutura fatorial. A presente amostra foi constituída por 208 participantes triatletas portugueses (sexo masculino = 148; idade média = 41.29 ± 11.28). Destes participantes, 169 referiram praticar exercício físico? mais de 4 vezes por semana e 153 afirmaram ter participado em 5 ou mais eventos de triatlo. Os resultados atuais mostraram que o modelo de medida apresentou um ajuste adequado (modelo da amostra total: χ2/df = 2.748, B-S p < .001, TLI = .928, CFI = 0.940, SRMR = 0.075, RMSEA = 0.092 (IC = 1.068, 1.671). Estes resultados apoiam a utilização deste modelo para avaliar todas as dimensões associadas a um evento desportivo, em particular o triatlo.
Contracts in the Sharia Context
Authors: Muhammad Latifil Ansori  , Murni Aisah  , Nur Fitriah  , Muhammad Aji Purwanto  
Published: February 2025

Akad is a fundamental concept in Islamic law which refers to an agreement or contract that binds two or more parties. This journal aims to provide a comprehensive overview of contracts, starting from the definition to the types based on their nature and scope. By using an approach to specific cases in various contexts of daily life, this research explores how contracts play an important role in completing transactions and negotiating rights and obligations. Methodologically, this research uses a literature study method to analyze various sources of Islamic law and ulama fatwas related to contracts. The results show that contracts are not only limited to economic transactions, but also include social and religious aspects, such as marriage and the Hajj. This research also highlights the importance of fulfilling the conditions for the validity of a contract, including agreement, clarity of content, and legal capacity of the parties.
TIME TO ALIGNMENT OF ANTERIOR SEGMENT CROWDING TREATED WITH NiTi AND COPPER NiTi ARCH WIRES
Authors: Nkwocha Fechi , Akinyamoju Clara , Temisanren Orighoye , daCosta Oluranti , Denloye Obafunke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Introduction
Treatment duration and cost are integral aspects of orthodontic treatment planning and are required to predict outcomes. Shorter treatment regimens prevent the adverse effects of orthodontic treatment. Contemporary arch wires have properties that potentially shorten orthodontic treatment time. This study aimed to determine the time to alignment of anterior segment crowding with NiTi and CuNiTi arch wires.
Methods:
A randomized controlled trial carried out at the Orthodontic unit of a tertiary hospital. Thirty-two arches with Little’s Irregularity Index (LII) of ≥ 4mm on anterior permanent teeth were involved in the study. The LII was measured on study models at pre-treatment and after commencement of orthodontic treatment, at each review visit until it reduced to 3.0mm or less.
The results were analyzed on the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Chicago Inc. V. with Mann-Whitney U test, Kaplan-Meier methods, the Log rank test and Cox regression at p<0.05.
RESULTS:
The arches had moderate 22 (34.3%), severe 25 (39.1%) and very severe 17 (26.6%) crowding. The mean time to alignment was 55.69 ± 20.18 days (CuNiti) and 67.19±33.91 days (Niti). The time to resolution of crowding for 50% of the arches was similar for the wires (p =0.07). The resolution of crowding was 0.77 times higher with CuNiTi wires. Arches with initial severe crowding had a 4.56 increase in the time to alignment with every 1 mm increase in their LII (p value ˂0.05).
Conclusion
The time to alignment of anterior segment crowding with NiTi and CuNiTi arch wires was similar.
საცხოვრებელი სახლის ტიპი ხელვაჩაურიდან
Authors: ვარშალომიძე ჯემალ 
Published: February 2025

საქართველოს სხვადასხვა კუთხის მატერიალური კულტურის ძეგლები გარკვეულად ასახავს მისი შემოქმედი მოსახლეობის კულტურულ-ისტორიული, სოციალურ-ეკონომიკური განვითარების დონესა და ეთნიკურ თავისებურებებს. ამ მხრივ განსაკუთრებულ ყურადღებას იმსახურებს ჩვენამდე მოღწეული საცხოვრებელი და სამეურნეო ნაგებობები, რომელიც გამოირჩევა თავისი კონსტრუქციულ-ხუროთმოძღვრული მახასიათებლებით, სამშენებლო-ტექნიკური ხერხების გამოყენებითა და მხატვრულ-დეკორატიული ღირსებით.
ნაშრომი მიზნად ისახავს ხელვაჩაურის მუნიციპალიტეტის სოფელ ვარშალომიძეებში მემედ ვარშალომიძის სახლის ეთნოგრაფიულ შესწავლას, რომელიც აშენდა დაახლოებით XIX საუკუნის მეორე ნახევარში. სახლი ამჟამად დანგრეულია, მაგრამ მისი შესწავლა და სამეცნიერო მიმოქცევაში შეტანა ხელს შეუწყობს სამხრეთ-დასავლეთ საქართველოში საცხოვრებელი სახლების კვლევას, ახალი განსხვავებული ტიპის გამოყოფას. მიუხედავად იმისა, რომ გამოქვეყნებული იყო სახლის არქიტექტურული ჩანახატი, არაფერი იყო თქმული ოჯახის შესახებ. ნაშრომის მიზანია ეთნოგრაფიული ასპექტებისა და ეკონომიური ფაქტორების განხილვა, რამაც განაპირობა ამ დაგეგმარების სახლის მშენებლობა. სახლი აღსანიშნავია იმითაც, რომ დაცული იყო ხალხური დეკორატიული შემკულობის ნიმუშები, როგორც ინტერიერში, ასევე ექსტერიერშიც. დეკორის თავისებურება იმაში მდგომარეობს, რომ იგი იშვიათობაა და მის შინაარსობრივ საფუძვლებს წარმოადგენს უძველესი დროიდან მომდინარე შეხედულებები, როგორიცაა სიცოცხლის ხის მოტივი ბინის მფარველ დედალ-მამალ გველებთან ერთად.
Análise epidemiológica da Leishmaniose no Brasil nos anos de 2018 a 2023
Authors: Barros Araújo João Victor , Menezes de Freitas Pedro Henrique , Maia da Silva Marlon , Maia da Silva Maycon , Soares Chagas Anelyse , Portilho Barros Paulo Hebert , Dos Santos Rocha Diogo , Mesquita Vieira de Oliveira Ana Cláudia , Matos Carvalho Luma , De Oliveira Silva Samara Vitória , Mota de Queiroz Teixeira Gustavo Luiz , De Moura Batz Guilherme , De Moura Batz Isadora , Pereira Sousa Emyle Vitória , Mendes Carvalho Gustavo , Ferreira da Silva Fabrício , Pinto Lobato Marx Eduardo Samuel 
Published: February 2025

Introdução:A leishmaniose é uma doença infecciosa causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania, transmitida pela picada de flebotomíneos infectados, popularmente conhecidos como mosquitos-palha.Dessa forma, fica evidente a relevância de entender o perfil epidemiológico da leishmaniose .Objetivo:Definir o perfil epidemiológico da leishmaniose no Brasil.Métodos: Trata-se de perfil epidemiológico horizontal retrospectivo que utiliza dados do datasus com o recorte dos anos de 2018 a 2023.Resultado: Foram registrados 1.615.589 casos totais no período de 2018-2023. Com isso, foram observados mais casos na faixa etária dos 0 aos 24 anos, em que foram notificados 628.658 casos totais.Discussão: O ano de 2020 teve 270.952 casos que representa uma queda no número de notificações em relação a 2019 com 267.454 casos totais . Ao comparar o período pandêmico com o pós pandêmico foi observado o crescimento no número de notificações . Possivelmente houve uma subnotificação em razão da superlotação de hospitais durante o período pandêmico. Conclusão: Nesse sentido , fica evidente que a superlotação dos hospitais no período pandêmico foi um fator determinante para a diminuição dos casos notificados bem como as internações pela leishmaniose . O presente estudo tem por finalidade inspirar futuras políticas públicas no combate à leishmaniose .
Evaluación de la implementación y desarrollo de la Ley 4/2018, que modificó la Ley 50/1980, de 8 de octubre, de Contrato de Seguro
Authors: Gascón-Cuenca (tutor) Andrés , Gómez Mancipe Alfredo Rafael , Jurado Jimena , Luchsinger Faret Dominique , Romero Alarcón Andrea , Verdú Gómez José Antonio 
Published: February 2025

El presente informe ha sido elaborado para la Coordinadora Estatal de VIH y SIDA (CESIDA) por estudiantes del Máster de Derechos Humanos, Democracia y Justicia Internacional pertenecientes a la Clínica Jurídica per la Justícia Social de la Facultat de Dret de la Universitat de València. El objeto del mismo es realizar un análisis holístico de la implementación de la disposición final primera de la Ley 4/2018, que modificó la Ley 50/1980, de 8 de octubre, de Contrato de Seguro, añadiendo una disposición adicional quinta, que establece una prohibición general de discriminación a las personas que conviven con VIH, así como la prohibición de denegación de acceso a la contratación, el establecimiento de procedimientos de contratación diferentes de los habituales o la imposición de condiciones más onerosas, por razón de convivir con VIH o SIDA u otras condiciones de salud, salvo que se encuentren fundadas en causas justificadas, proporcionadas y razonables, que se hallen documentadas previa y objetivamente.
El informe se divide en dos ejes temáticos. El primero se centra en el estudio del concepto de discriminación y en la protección internacional y constitucional contra la discriminación por razón de convivir con VIH. Asimismo, en este apartado expondremos los aspectos relevantes de la legislación internacional que impone estándares de protección a España para garantizar los derechos de las personas que conviven con VIH. Además, a nivel nacional se estudiarán, por un lado, los derechos fundamentales que se pueden ver afectados por la falta de garantías en el acceso a los productos contemplados en la ley de Contrato de Seguros, y por otro, la Ley 4/2018 y los objetivos de su sanción, y algunos aspectos relevantes de la Ley de Contrato de Seguros. El segundo corresponde con un análisis de campo en el que se evalúan las condiciones generales de contratación de una muestra de seguros publicadas por algunas empresas aseguradoras que operan en España.
En este sentido, los objetivos plantados en el marco teórico se centran en la necesidad de avanzar de un enfoque médico a un enfoque integral en Derechos Humanos, que permita enfrentar la discriminación y estigmatización que sufren las personas que conviven con VIH. Asimismo, revisaremos la forma en que la falta de acceso a la contratación de seguros, además que constituir una discriminación per se, puede afectar y vulnerar otros derechos fundamentales reconocidos constitucionalmente. Por otro lado, respecto al estudio de las condiciones generales de contratación de diferentes tipos de seguros, revisaremos si las aseguradoras analizadas cumplen con la normativa incluida con la Ley 4/2018. Finalmente, expondremos nuestras conclusiones. Se acompaña un Anexo que incluye un resumen de las condiciones generales de los seguros revisados.
Investigating the role of IDO1 in tumors: correlating IDO1 expression with clinical pathological features and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Yin Zhidong , Sun Bohao , Wang Sisi , Xu Xi , Cheng Lu , Gao Yue , Jin Er 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the role and expression patterns of IDO1 in various tumors, focusing on its correlation with clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis in patients specifically diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods
Pan-cancer analysis assessed IDO1 function across different tumor types. Bioinformatics tools, immunohistochemistry techniques, and statistical analyses were employed to evaluate IDO1 expression levels and their association with clinical pathological features and prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Results
IDO1 was found to be significantly overexpressed in various types of tumors, with higher levels correlating with poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In lung adenocarcinoma patients, IDO1 protein was predominantly localized to the cytoplasm and cell membrane of tumor cells, with higher expression observed in tumor cells closer to normal lung tissue. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in IDO1 expression based on the patient’s clinical data, including gender, age, tumor location, allergy history, hypertension history, cardiovascular disease history, tumor history, diabetes (both type 1 and type 2), body mass index, smoking history, family history, alcohol history, and tumor maximum diameter (P > 0.05). However, IDO1 expression positively correlated with lymph node metastasis, pleural invasion, tumor recurrence, lower tumor differentiation, solid tumor components, preoperative chemotherapy, and clinical tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging (*P < 0.05), while negatively correlating with prior surgical history (*P < 0.05). Patients exhibiting high IDO1 expression levels demonstrated significantly worse PFS and OS (***P < 0.001 and **P = 0.003, respectively).

Conclusion
High IDO1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma correlates with increased tumor invasiveness, metastatic potential, advanced clinical stage, and poorer prognosis.
Funktionsgerechte Bedingungen sicherstellen – ein Plädoyer für einen starken öffentlich- rechtlichen Rundfunk
Authors: Neukamm Katrin , Volkmann Caroline 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag skizziert die Bedeutung des öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunks für die demokratische Gesellschaft im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung und Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Medienangebote. Seiner Aufgabe kann er nur gerecht werden, wenn seine Funktionsbedingungen sichergestellt sind. Auf dieser Grundlage wird erörtert, inwieweit ausgewählte Regelungen des von den Ländern erarbeiteten Reformstaatsvertrags diesen verfassungsrechtlichen Vorgaben gerecht werden.
Besetzung von Prüfungsausschüssen bei Unternehmen von öffentlichem Interesse nach § 107 Abs. 4 AktG
Authors: Dreher Meinrad , Fritz Dennis 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Bei der Besetzung des Prüfungsausschusses eines Unternehmens von öffentlichem Interesse sind besondere Anforderungen einzuhalten. Diese ergeben sich nicht nur aus dem allgemeinen Gesellschaftsrecht, sondern auch aus aufsichtsrechtlichen Vorgaben und aufsichtsbehördlichen Verlautbarungen. Dabei sind die Anforderungen an den Vorsitzenden und an die weiteren Mitglieder eines Prüfungsausschusses verschieden. Zu differenzieren ist auch zwischen erledigenden und vorbereitenden Prüfungsausschüssen sowie ganz neu zwischen dreiköpfigen und größeren Aufsichtsräten. Dies wirkt sich beispielsweise auf die Frage aus, ob zumindest ein Mitglied des Prüfungsausschusses über Sachverstand auf dem Gebiet Nachhaltigkeit verfügen muss. Außerdem geht es unabhängig von dieser Unterscheidung um die Zuverlässigkeitsanforderungen für Mitglieder und Vorsitzende von Prüfungsausschüssen bei Unternehmen von öffentlichem Interesse.
Urheberrecht trifft Produktsicherheitsrecht: Urheberrechtliche Implikationen der KI-VO – Teil 2 — Pflicht zur Kennzeichnung synthetischer Inhalte, Rechtsdurchsetzung, Bewertung
Authors: Pech Sebastian 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die KI-VO enthält mit den Pflichten zur Einführung einer Urheberrechtsstrategie (Art. 53 Abs. 1 Buchst. c KI-VO), zur Veröffentlichung einer Zusammenfassung der Trainingsdaten (Art. 53 Abs. 1 Buchst. d KI-VO) und zur Kennzeichnung synthetischer Inhalte (Art. 50 Abs. 2 KI-VO) mehrere urheberrechtsbezogene Regelungen. Der erste Teil des Beitrags (Pech, CR 2024, 773) befasste sich mit den urheberrechtlichen Grundlagen im Zusammenhang mit der Entwicklung und Nutzung (generativer) Künstlicher Intelligenz sowie den Pflichten zur Einführung einer Urheberrechtsstrategie und zur Veröffentlichung einer Zusammenfassung der Trainingsdaten. Dieser Beitrag stellt die Pflicht zur Kennzeichnung synthetischer Inhalte vor und geht der Frage nach, welche weiteren urheberrechtlichen Implikationen sich daraus ergeben. Zudem wird untersucht, inwiefern die urheberrechtsbezogenen Pflichten aus der KI-VO auch zivilrechtlich durchgesetzt werden können, bevor diese abschließend bewertet werden.