bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Article—Louisiana Branch Lines
Authors: Gorman Michael F. 
Published: December 2021

Louisiana Branch Lines is a struggling Southeast U.S. railroad in just four cities and 12 markets. Their marketing, operations, and finance performance is poor and their departments disjointed. In this customizable, nine-part case, instructors can choose to focus on basic problem structuring and descriptive and predictive statistics, optimization model building, simulation of solutions, or the integration of all of the above. It is based on a real-world case. History: This paper has been accepted for the INFORMS Transactions on Education Special Section on Cases Based on Real-World Projects from the INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics. Supplemental Material: Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2021.0258ca . The Teaching Note is available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Knowledge and effects of dysmenorrhoea among female adolescents in selected secondary schools in Lagos
Authors: Abazie Ogechi Helen , Oshinyemi TE , Ayanniyi RY 
Published: December 2021

Background Dysmenorrhoea is the leading cause of absenteeism from school among menstruating adolescents. It is a common health problem among women of reproductive age and it is known to have psychosocial effects on women and their interactions with others during such periods. This study assessed knowledge and effects of dysmenorrhoea among female adolescents in Lagos. Methods This non-experimental descriptive cross-sectional study involved 676 female adolescents attending secondary schools, who were selected using multistage sampling. A self-structured questionnaire (reliability r=0.79) was used for data collection. Data were analysed using the statistical package for social sciences software version 20. Descriptive and inferential statistics were presented in tables, charts and analysed using the Chi-squared test. Significance was set at P=0.05. Results The result showed that 62.8% of the respondents were 15–18 years old. The majority (64.8%) had poor knowledge of dysmenorrhoea, although 92.6% agreed that dysmenorrhoea affects their daily activities and 68.5% had good treatment-seeking methods. There was a significant association between knowledge of dysmenorrhoea and students' age (P<0.001), level of education (P=0.004) and department (P<0.001). There was also a significant association between treatment-seeking method and age (P<0.001), level of education (P=0.010) and department (P<0.001). Conclusions Dysmenorrhoea is a main cause of poor performance in daily activities among female adolescents in Lagos, although many have good treatment-seeking methods. Adopting good and effective treatment methods will go a long way in mitigating the effect of dysmenorrhoea.
Prevalence of vaginal candidiasis and associated factors in pregnant women with diabetes
Authors: Mukona Doreen Macherera , Mhlanga Maxwell , Zvinavashe Mathilda 
Published: December 2021

Background/aims Vaginal candidiasis is commonly experienced by women with diabetes, but its prevalence is not well documented in Zimbabwe. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of vaginal candidiasis and factors associated with diabetic treatment adherence in pregnant women with diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on a consecutive sample of 157 participants from a central hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe. A structured questionnaire and physical examination of the perineum were used to collect data. All procedures were conducted in privacy. Diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis was made clinically. Data were analysed using the Chi-squared test, with P<0.05 being significant. Results The prevalence of vaginal candidiasis was 19.7%. There was a significant association between monthly family income (P=0.041), parity (P=0.029) and number of living children (P=0.049) and the presence of vaginal candidiasis. Women with poor adherence to diabetic therapy were 3.95 times more likely to have vaginal candidiasis (P=0.002). Conclusions Individualised health education on glycaemic control and good perineal hygiene remains key in the prevention of vaginal candidiasis among diabetic pregnant women.
Becoming-cat or what a woman’s body can do
Authors: Tamboukou Maria 
Published: December 2021

Drawing on a body of literature that considers narrative meaning emerging in intra-species entanglements, in this paper I read Gwen John’s letters revolving around her relationship with the many cats she lived with throughout her life. I am particularly interested in throwing light at moments when a woman’s body makes strong connections with the animal’s body blurring the boundaries between humans and non-humans through a cosmological ethics of care. In doing so, I follow trails of Deleuze’s and Guattari’s idea of becoming-animal, as it is fleshed out through a narrative analysis of a modernist woman artist’s letters.
High precision even-power phase modulation method for a self-mixing displacement sensor under the weak feedback regime
Authors: Li Zhen , Qiu Lirong , Hu Lu , Lu Liping , Zhu Desheng , Chen Hanqiao , Huang Wencai , Wang Xiulin 
Published: December 2021

A novel method called even-power phase modulation is proposed in a self-mixing displacement sensor to improve measuring accuracy, to the best of our knowledge, which is realized by combining the even-power fast algorithm with the sinusoidal phase-modulation method. By performing the even-power fast algorithm in the self-mixing interference system, the spectrum of harmonic components is broadened. In this case, the extracted first and second harmonic components in the frequency domain contain rich information, and the displacement of the target can be accurately reconstructed. The principle and signal processing approach are introduced in detail, and the simulation results show that the reconstruction error can be effectively reduced compared with the electro-optic modulator phase modulation method. A series of experiments at different vibration amplitudes is conducted to confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. An amplitude of 120 nm is proved to be measurable, and the absolute error is 10 nm, which shows great potential in the field of non-contact nanometer vibration measurement sensors.
Unitary checkerboard precoded OFDM for low-PAPR optical wireless communications
Authors: Abrudan Traian E. , Kucera Stepan , Claussen Holger 
Published: December 2021

Future 6G wireless networks will once again have to raise the performance in most technology domains by a factor of 10–100. Depending on the application, future requirements include peak data rates of 1 Tb/s per user, 0.1 ms latency, less than one out of a million outage, centimeter accurate positioning, near zero energy consumption at the device, and operation in different environments including factories, vehicles, and more. Optical wireless communications (OWCs) have the potential to provide ultrahigh data rates in a cost effective way, due to the vast and freely available light spectrum, and the availability of devices for transmitters and receivers. 5G New Radio architecture permits the integration of stand-alone OWC nodes on network layers. Current 6G research investigates advanced physical layer designs including OWC-compatible waveforms. In this context, in this paper, a new precoded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform is proposed that is tailored to OWCs’ specific needs. Its prime advantage compared to OFDM is the ultralow peak-to-average power ratio, while preserving other benefits, such as high spectral efficiency, flexible subcarrier nulling, and low computational complexity.
Super-mode noise suppression of a silicon hybrid mode-locked ring laser using a symmetric Fabry–Perot filter
Authors: Shekarpour Mohammad , Yavari Mohammad Hasan 
Published: December 2021

In this research, we propose a harmonically mode-locked hybrid silicon laser by introducing intracavity reflectors (ICRs) to suppress super-mode noise. Using a delay differential equation model, the dynamics, phase noise, and timing jitter of the proposed structure (PS) and the without-ICR structure (WOICRS) are investigated. The simulation results show a significant increase of 20 GHz harmonic regime of PS compared to WOICRS. Additionally, this regime of PS can be achieved at a lower current than WOICRS. The phase noise of the PS is improved to about 8 dB. Given the better selectivity of optical modes in PS, the phase noise is reduced compared to that of with-intracavity structure. Furthermore, numerical results show that timing jitter reduction has periodic behavior by changing the harmonic inter-spike interval time. The analyses demonstrate that harmonic mode-locking of a long cavity laser is a valid strategy for reducing phase noise and timing jitter. The simulation results of WOICRS are in a good agreement with experimental results.
Trabajo doméstico migrante en Chile y el COVID-19. Cuidadoras bolivianas en el descampado
Authors: Rico María Nieves , Leiva-Gómez Sandra 
Published: December 2021

El trabajo doméstico migrante constituye una alternativa a la crisis de cuidado en numerosos países. Sin embargo, el trabajo doméstico remunerado no ha sido adecuadamente relevado como un agente proveedor de cuidado, ni tampoco se han diseñado políticas públicas que le otorguen suficiente protección y derechos básicos. La pandemia del covid dejó al descubierto tales falencias, conceptualizando como sindemia las interrelaciones entre la crisis de cuidado, la crisis sanitaria y la pobreza, que exacerban las consecuencias negativas del covid 19. Tomando estos elementos como base y mediante entrevistas en profundidad y revisión de documentos, el texto analiza el caso de las trabajadoras domésticas bolivianas en Chile que realizan una migración circular y su vulnerabilidad, al quedar varadas en el descampado en la frontera chilena-boliviana. El artículo finaliza con propuestas de políticas públicas de cuidado para las trabajadoras domésticas migrantes, con un enfoque de derechos y desde una perspectiva de género.
Keterkaitan Sistem Penyediaan Air Bersih dan Angka Penyakit Diare di Daerah Pesisir Kelurahan Kangkung
Authors: Putri Esya Desfia , Zurfi Alfian , Setiawati Endang , Lisafitri Yuni 
Published: December 2021

Diare merupakan penyakit berbasis lingkungan yang sering dikaitkan dengan kejadian kematian. Kurang baiknya sistem penyediaan air bersih dapat meningkatkan kejadian diare. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi kejadian diare, mengkaji kualitas mikrobiologi sampel air, status sistem yang menyediakan air bersih, dan menganalisis korelasi antara angka penyakit diare dan sistem penyediaan air di daerah pesisir Kangkung, Bandar Lampung. Populasi pada kajian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat di wilayah pesisir Kelurahan Kangkung. Penentuan sampel dengan teknik random sampling. Data penelitian didapatkan melalui kuesioner dan analisis dilakukan dengan uji chi-square, sedangkan total coliform dilakukan dengan metode Most Probable Number. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi terjadinya diare sebanyak 22,2%, kandungan Coliform pada air PAM 0 MPN/ml, air suteng sebanyak 1100 MPN/ml, dan air sumur sebanyak 1100 MPN/ml. Daerah pesisir kelurahan Kangkung, sistem penyediaan air bersihnya cukup baik karena lebih banyak responden yang masuk dalam katagori memenuhi syarat dibandingkan yang tidak. Namun, hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak ada keterkaitan yang signifikan antara sistem yang menyediakan air bersih dengan kejadian diare di wilayah pesisir Kelurahan Kangkung.ABSTRACTDiarrhea is one of the disease based in environmentally that is often associated with death. Poor system of clean water supply can increase the incidence of diarrhea. The purpose of this research to identify frequency of diarrhea, to examine the microbiological quality of water samples, the status of the system that ptovides clean water, and to analize the correlation between diarrhea disease rate and the water supply system in the coastal areas of Kangkung, Bandar Lampung City. The population in this research were an entire comunity in the coastal area of Kangkung Village. Determination of the sample selection by the random sampling technique. The research data was obtained through a questionnaire and then analyzed was carried out using the chi-square test. Meanwhile, the total coliform test was carried out using the Most Probable Number method. The results showed the proportion of diarrhea was 22.2%, total Coliform in water from drink water company was 0 MPN/ml, Suteng water was 1100 MPN/ml, and well water was 1100 MPN/ml. In the coastal area of the Kangkung, the clean water supply system is quite good because more respondents are included in the eligible category than those who do not. However, the results of the analysis show that there is no significant correlation between the system that provides clean water and the incidence of diarrhea in the coastal area of Kangkung Village.
Milczenie wersologiczne
Authors: Skrzypczak Iga 
Published: December 2021

Artykuł stanowi próbę przyjrzenia się momentom milczenia w wierszu wolnym sygnalizowanym poprzez niestandardowe zastosowanie myślnika (niezgodne z zasadami interpunkcji, niewynikające z wymogów gramatycznych). Celem tekstu jest wykazanie, że tak użyte znaki pozostają ekwiwalentne wobec wyrazów, funkcjonują w tekście poetyckim na tych samych prawach co słowo. Pod względem semantyczno-aksjologicznym sytuują się jednak w wielu przypadkach ponad tym, co wyrażone werbalnie. Próba opisu tego zjawiska wiąże się z rewizją dotychczasowej literatury poświęconej koncepcjom wiersza wolnego, które w swoich założeniach nie uwzględniały semantycznej interpunkcji traktowanej strukturalnie jako ekwiwalent słowa.
Filmowe reprezentacje ostatniej wieczerzy jako locus theologicus (trzy wizje biblijnej sceny)
Authors: Kolasińska-Pasterczyk Iwona 
Published: December 2021

The cinematic scenes of the Last Supper were treated as a challenge to visual theology. As the Last Supper, which in the films about Jesus of Nazareth (and, of course, the gospels) is the culmination (and also a turning point as an event ending Jesus` earthly activity), it is possible to see the essence of the theological message of films referring to the gospel in its presentation. The scenes of the Last Supper from three films were subjected to a comparative analysis, each of which is an individual director`s vision. These are The King of Kings (1961) by Nicholas Ray, The Passion of the Christ (2004) by Mel Gibson and The Thorn of God (2015) by Óscar Parra de Carrizosa. The selection criterion was the importance given in the films to the scenes of the Last Supper and their mutually diverse representations. It has been shown how the established new transmission of visual theology modifies the meanings determined by classical theology, basically not deviating from the framework set by it.
Naufragés japonais et leur rôle dans les relations nippo-occidentales: Défis d’une étude globale
Authors: Kashkin Danila 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Between 1633 and 1639, the Tokugawa shogunate had published a series of edicts, expelling all Westerners except the Dutch from the country, curtailing international commerce and missionary activities, as well as forbidding the Japanese from ever leaving their homeland. The Edo government maintained its isolationist course with varying degrees of success for more than two hundred years, finally caving in under foreign pressure in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Although the border control was exceptionally strict, small merchant craft and fisherman boats were still navigating between the islands of Japan. The sailors could rarely find a way back home after a shipwreck. Saved by passing whalers or washed ashore in a distant land, some of them survived their ordeal and ended up in the West where they were often employed as guides, interpreters and language teachers. Several countries sent diplomatic missions to Japan, using repatriation of castaways as a pretext to open negotiations with the shogunate. In this article, we will try to deconstruct the history of the relations between Japan and the Western powers through the eyes of these castaways and identify several methodological challenges that such a research entails.
Five Views ofdefiniendain Alexander’sQuaestiones1.3 and 2.14
Authors: Havrda Matyáš 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInQuaestiones1.3 and 2.14, Alexander presents a distinctly realist or essentialist view of the objects of definition, distinguished, on the one hand, from two types of realism rejected by Aristotle (definiendaas separate forms and as particulars), and, on the other, from two types of conceptualism (non-essentialist and essentialist abstractivism) that probably belong within the Peripatetic tradition. The difference between Alexander’s view and essentialist abstractivism lies in his understanding ofdefiniendanot as the common concepts of things existing in the particulars, but as the common things conceived of as existing in the particulars. This paper offers a close reading ofQuaest.1.3, whose aim is to flesh out Alexander’s position vis-à-vis the objects of definition against the backdrop of the four rejected alternatives. The distinction between Alexander’s essentialism and the essentialist abstractivist notion ofdefiniendais further explained in light ofQuaest.2.14. The amended Greek text ofQuaest.1.3 is appended with an English translation.
Reward Value Revealed by Auction in Rhesus Monkeys
Authors: Al-Mohammad Alaa , Schultz Wolfram 
Published: December 2021

Economic choice is thought to involve the elicitation of the subjective values of the choice options. Thus far, value estimation in animals has relied on stochastic choices between multiple options presented in repeated trials and expressed from averages of dozens of trials. However, subjective reward valuations are made moment-to-moment and do not always require alternative options; their consequences are usually felt immediately. Here, we describe a Becker–DeGroot–Marschak (BDM) auction-like mechanism that provides more direct and simple valuations with immediate consequences. The BDM encourages agents to truthfully reveal their true subjective value in individual choices (“incentive compatibility”). Male monkeys reliably placed well-ranked BDM bids for up to five juice volumes while paying from a water budget. The bids closely approximated the average subjective values estimated with conventional binary choices (BCs), thus demonstrating procedural invariance and aligning with the wealth of knowledge acquired with these less direct estimation methods. The feasibility of BDM bidding in monkeys paves the way for an analysis of subjective neuronal value signals in single trials rather than from averages; the feasibility also bridges the gap to the increasingly used BDM method in human neuroeconomics.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe subjective economic value of rewards cannot be measured directly but must be inferred from observable behavior. Until now, the estimation method in animals was rather complex and required comparison between several choice options during repeated choices; thus, such methods did not respect the imminence of the outcome from individual choices. However, human economic research has developed a simple auction-like procedure that can reveal in a direct and immediate manner the true subjective value in individual choices [Becker–DeGroot–Marschak (BDM) mechanism]. The current study implemented this mechanism in rhesus monkeys and demonstrates its usefulness for eliciting meaningful value estimates of liquid rewards. The mechanism allows future neurophysiological assessment of subjective reward value signals in single trials of controlled animal tasks.
The Influence of Mineral Fertilization on Apple Quality
Authors: JIVAN Claudia , SALA Florin 
Published: December 2021

The studies the production quality of three varieties of apples,Â Generos , Florina and Delicios de VoinestiÂ Â under the influence of differential nutrition based on macroelements. The nutritive elements came from complex fertilizers (NPK) 120 and 240 kg s.a./ha. The size of the fruits was directly influenced by mineral fertilization and it was established by taking into account two evaluating factors like diameter and average weight. The spore of average diameter apples was between 7.82Â - 14.58 mm in Florina variety, 9.4 - 24.02 mm in Delicios de Voinesti variety and 29 - 33.4 mm inÂ Generos variety. The average spore of weight varied according to variety and doses from 1.2 to 1.9 g inÂ Florina variety, 1.5 - 3.2 g in Delicios de Voinesti variety and 3.7 - 5.3 g in Generos varietyÂ . The sugar content was between 16.90Â±0.41 % in Generos variety and 22.10Â±0.56 % in Delicios de Voinesti varietyÂ Â . The total acidity is in reverse raport with the sugar content and has the following values: 0.26 % inÂ Delicios de Voinesti variety and 0.58 % in Generos variety.
Assessing the Efficiency of Different Chemical Products for Western Flower Thrips
Authors: OLTEAN Ion , COVACI Anca Dafina , FLORIAN Teodora 
Published: December 2021

The principal management strategy used to deal with western flower thrips in greenhouses involves the use of insecticides (R. A. Cloyd, 2009). We assessed the effectiveness of five chemical variants in five rows of tomato (36 mÂ 2). The variants were: Pyrinex 25 NE (Clorpirifos 0.03%), Oscar 10 CE (Novaluron 0.06%), Vertimec 1.8 CE (Abamectin 0.08%), Karat-Ezeon (Lambda-chialotrin 0.02), Actara 25 WG (Thiametoxan 0.02%). Each variant was tested on a single row of tomato. Treatments were repeated four times. After each treatment, three examinations were performed: 24 hours before treatment, 24 hours after treatment and 7 days after treatment. Examinations consisted of counting direct on the plant the adults and pre-adults stages (larvae) separately. Twenty four hours after treatment the mean number of thrips per plant ranged from 39 individuals (Actara 25 WG) to 83.8 individuals (Oscar 10 CE). Seven days after treatment the mean number of thrips per plant varied between 23.5 individuals (Actara 25 WG) and 63.8 individuals (Oscar 10 CE). Regarding examination after 24 hours, our data showed that the minimum percentage of efficiency was registered for Pyrinex 25 NE and maximum for Karat-Ezeon. After a week the efficiency was 44% for Vertimec 1.8 CE and 71.1% for Karat-Ezeon. Thus we recommend Karat-Ezeon for thrips management but in combination with other monitoring tools to establish the right moment to use.
Cultivation and High Capitalization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in the Romanian-
Authors: SIDOROFF Manuela Elisabeta , OANCEA Anca , POPESCU Stefan , ROATA George , MATEESCU Iris , PAUN Laura , BANCILA Andrei 
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, in a world with rapidly growing population, the utilization of the available natural resources in a best possible way is obviously of highest priority. Significant part of the natural resources for a given region is the local biodiversity. Being in a climatically favorable environment, the cross-border area Romania - Bulgaria has a rich variety of plants with high potential not only in pharmacology and cosmetics but in many other fields. That is why, the project â€MedPlaNetÂ - medicinal plant network for enhancement of the comparative advantage of CalarasiÂ - Silistra cross-border area for sustainableÂ developmentâ€ developed an Oracle data base (http://medplanet.dbioro.eu) which includes a phyto-chemical screening of spontaneous and cultivated medicinal plants in the region, physical and chemical characteristics of the soils, technologies used for cultivation, harvesting and processing these herbs but also statistic studies about the use of medicinal and aromatic plants by the local population in both countries. The biologically active compounds identified in the medicinal plants are used in new formula of natural products as generators of new technologies for production and services, offering a chance for developing sound economy based on knowledge with high added value.