bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farmer’s Perception of Climate Change and the Impacts on Livelihood in South Sulawesi
Authors: Arifah  , Salman D , Yassi A , Demmallino EB 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Climate change and variability have affected people, especially in developing countries whose livelihood depends upon agriculture. Smallholder farmers in South Sulawesi are identified as particularly vulnerable with climate change impact and have limited knowledge on how to make production decisions in uncertain environment. The farmer’s perception and the impact of climate change are crucial factors that affect farm productivity and adaptation strategy. This study investigates the perceptions of farmers towards climate change and the impacts. Therefore, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with a random sample of 120 smallholders’ farmers that were distributed into 4 districts in South Sulawesi. It was discovered that the majority of the respondents believed that climate change is real and about 83 percent of them acclaimed this phenomenon had caused negative effect on their livelihood. Some indications of the impact of climate change include increasing temperatures, and long dry seasons that had reduced rain-fed rice production. The results also indicate that pests and plant diseases had elevated in several places due to uncertain weather. In addition, climate change had influenced the availability of water sources. Hence, policy implications are that appropriate strategies are crucial to help farmers make adaptation choices in this situation.
Community Empowerment Model to Flooding Risk Reduction in Palembang City (A Case Study of Gotong Royong Program)
Authors: Sandy A , Sriati  , Azhar  , Siswanto A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Palembang, as the capital city of South Sumatera, is one of the cities in Indonesia that flooded almost every year. The Palembang city government has run several programs to overcome this problem, such as formulating environmental policies, construct pumping plant, and normalization. Moreover, Palembang City Government since 2015 promoted mutual cooperation program called Gotong Royong aimed at tackling waste issue and river rehabilitation. However, the main cause of this problem has not been fully resolved because of poor communication and engagement. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find out public perception about the Gotong Royong Program and design a model of community empowerment to flooding risk reductionin Palembang City. Data were collected by deep interviews, documentations, and observations. The results of the research suggest that if Gotong Royong are to proliferate, close attention must be paid to public participation, attitudes, and knowledge towards flood management, collaboration among local government, communities, and NGOs.
Model of Environmental Caring Character Development in SMA Lubuklinggau City
Authors: Warah  , Alfitri  , Arifin Z , Riswani  
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This research is motivated by the issue of rampant environmental damage that has occurred due to the increasing exploitation of natural resources by humans. The exploitation of natural resources occurs as a result of the increasing human population growth, so that in order to meet their needs, more resources are needed. Another trigger is that humans have a materialistic nature that triggers them to obtain greater economic results in exploiting their environment. The problem is, the exploitation carried out is not accompanied by the principle of natural conservation, so that exploitation of natural resources has an impact on environmental degradation. As a solution, a caring character development model is needed which is oriented to develop a caring attitude towards humans. Regarding this solution, it is also necessary to carry out an analysis to identify the aspects that play a role in encouraging the effectiveness of the implementation of environmental education. This research was carried out at SMA Kota Lubuklinggau. The research was conducted with a quantitative approach. Collecting research data in this study is primary data. The data collection technique used was the questionnaire distribution technique. The population in this study were 9 high school level public schools in Lubuklinggau City. In this study, testing was carried out on two models, namely the agency model for the structure and the structure model for agency.
The Response of Water Level Depth to Vegetation Composition in Degraded Peatland: a Case Study of Sriwijaya Wetland Botanical Garden, Indonesia
Authors: Maryani S , Novriadhy D 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Peatland restoration requires revegetation with attention to different arrangements and planting patterns according to land cover conditions, the peat’s thickness, and the water level. The study aims to assess the response of water level depth to vegetation composition in degraded peatland. The study used a prospective observational approach in real environmental situations. In the 3x3 m observation box divided into four quadrants, five monitoring wells were made using a pipe size of ¾", planted vertically at each corner point of the observation box and its center. The amount of species is counted manually and differentiated by plant growth form (tree or else). At the same time, the composition is measured by the proportion of trees in a particular quadrant. The result showed at least fourteen species identified in the observation box with the majority in the form of an understory plant. The study also found some irregular patterns of the water level changes. The study concluded that the water level is likely to respond to species’ roots systems rather than vegetation composition.
Antioxidant Profile of Heartwood and Sapwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. Tree’s Part Grown in Imogiri Nature Preserve, Yogyakarta
Authors: Arsiningtyas I S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The usage of natural antioxidant from medicinal plants has been grown recently. One of them is wood of Caesalpinia sappan L. In community usage, the tree would be cut down to in order to get the wood. The extensive usage might lead to the extinction of C. sappan wood because it grows wildly. This research aims to investigate antioxidant profile of each wood parts of C. sappan grown in Imogiri Nature Preserve Yogyakarta. Wood were collected based on the main, middle, and branch of tree. Each wood was separated into heartwood and sapwood part. The collected wood material was macerated using ethanol 50%. The extracts were investigated for their phytochemistry content qualitatively. The antioxidant profile was obtained based on their DPPH radical scavenging activity and Folin-Ciocalteau phenolic content. The result showed all wood part contained alkaloid, tannin and saponin. Triterpenoid and flavonoid were found in wood part except for branch sapwood. Total phenolic content of C. sappan wood was in the range from 443,20 ± 8,87 to 885,12 ± 11,56 mg GAE/100 g dry extracts. All the wood part resulted very strong antioxidant activity based on the IC50 value (< 50 ppm) range from 7.1 to 24.4 ppm. These results of this study showed that in order to use the C. sappan wood as natural antioxidant agent sustainably, there is no need to cut down all the C. sappan tree. This study has demonstrated, for the first time, that wood part of C. sappan has very strong antioxidant activity, even in branch sapwood part.
Isolation and Identification of Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria from Potato Rhizosphere on Andisol
Authors: Marpaung A E , Susilowati D N 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Andisol soil is a very strong soil that binds phosphate nutrients, because most of it is bound by allophane clay minerals which can retain P up to 97.8%. Therefore, P in the soil available for plants is very little found, while the total P in the soil is high. Where the P nutrient is one of the essential nutrients that plants need to grow and produce well. The availability of P in Andisols soil can be done by giving phosphate solubilising microbes to providing P nutrients to plants. The using of phosphate solubilising bacteria as the inoculants simultaneously increased the uptake of P by plants and increase production. Therefore, a study aimed to isolate, identify phosphate solubilising bacteria to the species level and to test the phosphate dissolution rate of potato plant rhizosphere on andisol soil in Tongkoh-Karo Regency. Isolation can be done by the spread plate method on solid pikovskaya media, the phosphate dissolving activity was tested qualitatively by looking at the appearance of clear zones around the colony, measuring the phosphate dissolution index and identifying the isolates using PCR 16S rRNA. Four phosphate solubilising bacterial isolates were successfully obtained from the potato plant rhizosphere from andisol soil in Tongkoh-Karo regency. Where each islote are BPFT 1: Bacillus cereus, BPFT 2 : Bacillus pseudomycoides, BPFT 3 : Bacillus cereus and BPFT 4 : Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. BPFT 4 (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) has the highest phosphate dissolubility index, which is 6,00.
Fitness of Paraquat Resistant and Susceptible Biotypes Population of Goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaetrn.)
Authors: Napitupulu B S , Purba E , Mukhlis  
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A biotype of Paraquat resistant goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.) has envolved in an oil palm plantation in North Sumatera after been treated with Paraquat herbicide in a long period of time. This study aims to investigate the fitness of Paraquat resistant biotype when growing with susceptible biotype in the absence of herbicide. Seeds of Paraquat resistant biotype of Eleusine indica were collected from an oil palm plantation in Deli Serdang and had been proven to have resistant of Paraquat herbicide whereas the susceptible population from a field near campus of Universitas Sumatera Utara which never been exposed to Paraquat herbicide. Both biotypes were planted with proportions of 100 R: 0 S, 75 R: 25 S, 50 R: 50 S, 25 R: 75 S, and 0 R: 100 S with four replications. The result showed that Paraquat resistant biotypes had stronger fitness that the susceptible biotypes.
Comparative analysis of molecular fingerprints in prediction of drug combination effects
Authors: Zagidullin B , Wang Z , Guan Y , Pitkänen E , Tang J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Application of machine and deep learning methods in drug discovery and cancer research has gained a considerable amount of attention in the past years. As the field grows, it becomes crucial to systematically evaluate the performance of novel computational solutions in relation to established techniques. To this end, we compare rule-based and data-driven molecular representations in prediction of drug combination sensitivity and drug synergy scores using standardized results of 14 high-throughput screening studies, comprising 64 200 unique combinations of 4153 molecules tested in 112 cancer cell lines. We evaluate the clustering performance of molecular representations and quantify their similarity by adapting the Centered Kernel Alignment metric. Our work demonstrates that to identify an optimal molecular representation type, it is necessary to supplement quantitative benchmark results with qualitative considerations, such as model interpretability and robustness, which may vary between and throughout preclinical drug development projects.
Leveraging the attention mechanism to improve the identification of DNA N6-methyladenine sites
Authors: Zhang Ying , Liu Yan , Xu Jian , Wang Xiaoyu , Peng Xinxin , Song Jiangning , Yu Dong-Jun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDNA N6-methyladenine is an important type of DNA modification that plays important roles in multiple biological processes. Despite the recent progress in developing DNA 6mA site prediction methods, several challenges remain to be addressed. For example, although the hand-crafted features are interpretable, they contain redundant information that may bias the model training and have a negative impact on the trained model. Furthermore, although deep learning (DL)-based models can perform feature extraction and classification automatically, they lack the interpretability of the crucial features learned by those models. As such, considerable research efforts have been focused on achieving the trade-off between the interpretability and straightforwardness of DL neural networks. In this study, we develop two new DL-based models for improving the prediction of N6-methyladenine sites, termed LA6mA and AL6mA, which use bidirectional long short-term memory to respectively capture the long-range information and self-attention mechanism to extract the key position information from DNA sequences. The performance of the two proposed methods is benchmarked and evaluated on the two model organisms Arabidopsis thaliana and Drosophila melanogaster. On the two benchmark datasets, LA6mA achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) value of 0.962 and 0.966, whereas AL6mA achieves an AUROC value of 0.945 and 0.941, respectively. Moreover, an in-depth analysis of the attention matrix is conducted to interpret the important information, which is hidden in the sequence and relevant for 6mA site prediction. The two novel pipelines developed for DNA 6mA site prediction in this work will facilitate a better understanding of the underlying principle of DL-based DNA methylation site prediction and its future applications.
Integrating Educational Technology to Address Disparities in Education: Implications for School Social Work
Authors: Rogers Kelli 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Educational disparity has been a long-standing social and political concern, and is a grand challenge for social work because of its implications for equal opportunity and social justice. As stewards of social justice in public K–12 educational settings, school social workers help students gain access to and effectively use resources and support necessary to maximize their potential in the educational process as well as identify areas of need that are not being addressed by the local education agency and community, and working to create services that address those needs. Several studies have applied educational technology interventions to address academic achievement equity issues and found improved performance on state test scores. Thus, 12 evaluation studies of educational technology in primary and secondary schools in the United States conducted after 2001 were synthesized, examining the impact of educational technology applications on student academic achievement. Although much of the research conducted emphasizes a positive correlation between these variables, not all approaches of using educational technology resulted in equally good performance, and not all students learning with educational technology learned better than those learning without educational technology under all conditions. This critique identifies both strengths and weaknesses of existing literature; suggests research priorities; and outlines specific implications for educators, policymakers, and school social workers.
GATA6 Deficiency Leads to Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction and Enhances Susceptibility to Gut Inflammation
Authors: Laudisi Federica , Stolfi Carmine , Bevivino Gerolamo , Maresca Claudia , Franzè Eleonora , Troncone Edoardo , Lolli Elisabetta , Marafini Irene , Pietrucci Daniele , Teofani Adelaide , Di Grazia Antonio , Di Fusco Davide , Colantoni Alfredo , Ortenzi Angela , Desideri Alessandro , Monteleone Ivan , Monteleone Giovanni 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsIntestinal barrier dysfunction is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD], but the mechanisms that lead to such a defect are not fully understood. This study was aimed at characterising the factors involved in the defective barrier function in IBD.MethodsTranscriptome analysis was performed on colon samples taken from healthy controls [CTR] and IBD patients. Expression of GATA-binding factor 6 [GATA6], a transcription factor involved in intestinal epithelial cell differentiation, was evaluated in colon samples taken from CTR and IBD patients by real-time polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and immunohistochemistry. Intestinal sections of wild-type and Gata6del mice, which exhibit a conditional Gata6 deletion in intestinal epithelial cells and which are either left untreated or receive subcutaneous indomethacin or rectal trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid, were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. In parallel, some Gata6del mice received antibiotics to deplete intestinal flora. Mucosal inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine production were evaluated by flow cytometry and real-time PCR, respectively, and tight junction proteins were examined by immunofluorescence. Intestinal barrier integrity was assessed by fluorescein isothiocyanate [FITC]-dextran assay.ResultsMultiple genes involved in cell commitment/proliferation and wound healing were differentially expressed in IBD compared with CTR. Among these, GATA6 was significantly decreased in the IBD epithelium compared with CTR. In mice, conditional deletion of GATA6 in the intestinal epithelium induced primarily epithelial damage, diminished zonula occludens-1 expression, and enhanced intestinal permeability, ultimately resulting in bacteria-driven local immune response and enhanced susceptibility to gut inflammation.ConclusionsReduced expression of GATA6 promotes intestinal barrier dysfunction, thus amplifying intestinal inflammatory pathology.
Nesting Ecology and Colony Survival of Two Invasive Polistes Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in New Zealand
Authors: McGruddy Rose , Howse Matthew W F , Haywood John , Toft Richard J , Lester Philip J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We examined the abundance, nesting ecology, and colony survival of two invasive species of paper wasp, Polistes dominula Christ (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and Polistes chinensis Pérez (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), within their invaded range in New Zealand. The more recent invader, P. dominula, exhibited a strong habitat preference, reaching the highest abundances within suburban areas with an average of 87.4 wasps per 1,000 m2. Coastal habitats were also found to be suitable environments for P. dominula, although wasp abundance in these areas was comparatively lower than suburban sites at 26.5 wasps per 1,000 m2. Although P. chinensis were observed to build more nests in coastal habitats, this was not reflected in the abundance of adult wasps in these areas. Nests of P. dominula were larger and more productive, likely a result of the multiple founding and earlier emergence of workers compared to P. chinensis. Both species exhibited significant differences in nest survival, with P. dominula observed to have a higher colony survival rate, particularly in suburban habitats where this species utilized man-made substrates as nesting sites. Neither species nested within forest sites and translocated nests of P. dominula failed to thrive within forest habitats. Findings of this research suggest that P. dominula will not pose a threat to species inhabiting forested areas. Instead, biodiversity managers should focus their efforts on suburban and coastal environments as native species in these areas will require the greatest protection.
Unhoming Pedagogies: Collaborative Wandering and Wondering with Literature
Authors: Pollard Natalie , Ashfield Deborah , Jelley Jasmin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This collaborative article reflects on a set of shared practices that were inspired by a Year 3 undergraduate Literary Studies module, which took place in 2018. In co-teaching and learning on this module, the authors found their disciplinary and pedagogic norms unsettled and set adrift (unhomed). This article traces how their processes of working together – in and beyond the University classroom – stimulated a critique of the rational individualist principles which had unconsciously steered their learning and teaching practices until this point. The article includes case studies from the experiences of three students who took the module, and a narrative frame that speaks from the perspective of a collaborative ‘we’ (which includes students and ‘teacher’). The article tests out writing practices which reorient the customary Humanist terms in which educational research is conducted, and which disrupt the objective voice in which pedagogical reflection is often narrated. From this vertiginous perspective, the article also considers the authors’ particular entanglements with the cultural politics of the contemporary UK Higher Education Institution (HEI), and the role of unhomed Humanities teaching as part of the 21C University.
A highly polymorphic caprine keratin-associated protein gene identified and its effect on cashmere traits
Authors: Li Shaobin , Xi Qiming , Zhao Fangfang , Wang Jiqing , He Zhaohua , Hu Jiang , Liu Xiu , Luo Yuzhu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Five keratin-associated protein 6 genes (KRTAP6) have been identified in sheep and variation in some KRTAP6 has been associated with wool fiber diameter-related traits, but none of these homologues have been identified in goats. In this study, we reported the identification of the sheep KRTAP6-5 homologue on goat chromosome 1 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis in 300 Longdong cashmere goats revealed the existence of 12 variant sequences. Both coding region and 3′UTR of the putative caprine KRTAP6-5 displayed a biggest sequence similarity to ovine KRTAP6-5 gene. This suggested that the gene represents caprine KRTAP6-5 sequences, and these sequences composed 23 genotypes, which was the most polymorphism gene in KRTAPs that have been studied. Among these sequences, 15 nucleotide substitutions and a 24-bp insertion/detection were identified. Variation in goat KRTAP6-5 was associated with variation in mean-fiber diameter, suggesting that KRTAP6-5 is worthy of further study in the context of variation in cashmere traits.
Breast Fibromatosis: Radiologic–Pathologic Correlation
Authors: Winkler Nicole , Peterson Michael , Factor Rachel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Fibromatosis of the breast is a rare, benign locally infiltrative tumor without metastatic potential. Patients typically present with a painless, palpable, firm breast mass, which may be mobile or fixed to the pectoralis muscle. While some cases are related to familial mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, the majority are sporadic due to somatic mutations or prior injury to the breast tissue. On mammography, fibromatosis is typically seen as an irregular, dense, spiculated mass. US demonstrates a hypoechoic, irregular mass with indistinct margins. Fibromatosis is indistinguishable from breast cancer on imaging, and core biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis. Wide local excision is the historical standard for treatment; however, recurrence rates are high, and other emerging therapies are being explored. This article reviews the clinical features, imaging and histopathologic findings, along with brief overview of management.