bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impulsive hydrodynamics of fluid inside a cylindrical tank and of fluid surrounding a cylindrical pier*
Authors: Jacobsen Lydik S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Effective hydrodynamic masses and mass moments have been calculated for the fluid inside a cylindrical tank and outside a cylindrical pier when the base of the tank or pier experiences an impulsive, horizontal translation.
The impulsive velocities set up in the tank have been studied with a view to extending the analysis beyond the impulsive time interval.
Application of the analysis to a specific example has been made.
The scattering of a tsunami by a cylindrical island*
Authors: Omer Guy C. , Hall Harold H. 
Published: May 2021

Summary
The theoretical scattering of a plane ocean wave of great wave length by a cylindrical island is developed. The pattern of the predicted maximum wave heights about the periphery of the island is found to be approximately that observed around the island of Kauai during the tsunami of April 1, 1946.
Análisis CFD de flujos turbulentos desplazados por bombas centrífugas con bajo número de Reynolds
Authors: Sánchez José , Hernández Brando , Duarte Forero Jorge 
Published: May 2021

Numerical methodologies have presented an inexpensive solution of laminar and turbulent flows capable of predicting a wide range of mechanical devices in science and engineering. Computational tools have been employed in recent years to analyze the conservation equations behavior used to describe the interaction between turbulent and laminar flows used to transfer the energy needed to perform a complex mechanical system. Due to the above, this paper purpose the application of the numerical method linked to mathematical algorithms capable of generating an approximated solution of the partial differential equations system which determines pressure, and velocity values related to the centrifugal pump performance under low Re conditions in a virtual environment through OpenFOAM software, and Salome 8.3.0. An independence mesh analysis was computed to study the computational effort required to establish an approximated turbulence phenomena description performed by the centrifugal pump into the virtual environment supported by MRFSimpleFoam solver.
Diseño e implementación de una aplicación Android para el monitoreo y toma de decisiones de una edificación inteligente
Authors: Benítez-Pina Israel Francisco 
Published: May 2021

En el presente trabajo se diseña e implementa una aplicación para teléfonos celulares “inteligentes” (smartphones) que trabajan con el sistema operativo Android para el monitoreo de una edificación domótica.
En la investigación se realiza un estudio de los diferentes entornos de desarrollo de aplicaciones Android y las características de las redes inalámbricas existentes, seleccionando como red de área local a utilizar la WLAN (Wireless Local Área Network) por las ventajas que la misma ofrece y las características propias del proyecto. Además, se escoge la topología “Cliente y punto de acceso” para realizar la conexión inalámbrica y se identifica la tecnología WiFi que se va a utilizar. Por último, se diseña la aplicación analizando el entorno de desarrollo de Android, se realiza la Interfaz de la App “Android Home” y la conexión de Arduino con Android Studio vía WiFi.
Con el trabajo “Diseño e implementación de una aplicación Android para el monitoreo y toma de decisiones de una edificación inteligente”, los estudiantes y profesores de la Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica podrán contar con la aplicación inalámbrica para controlar la maqueta de laboratorio de la Edificación Domótica.
Effect of the Protein Cunsumption Over the Immune System Responses Given During Covid-19
Authors: ÖZKAYA İsmail , Şişman İrem Beyza 
Published: May 2021

It has long been known that insufficient intake of quality dietary protein or amino acids impairs immune function and increases susceptibility to infectious diseases
Nutritional status in people infected with SARS-CoV-2 is a crucial factor for optimal prognosis and can determine the clinical severity of COVID-19. Insufficient energy and protein intake to reduce weight gain due to inactivity during the pandemic is a common mistake people make. Insufficient intakes of energy, protein and specific micronutrients; It is associated with suppressed immune function and increased susceptibility to infection.
The morbidity and mortality of the disease is higher, especially in low immune function people. It is known that increasing protein intake is a priority in order to reduce catabolism due to inflammatory mediators
Eating healthy before, during and after the illness is the main key to the immune system and health. Patients who can eat during illness should be advised to consume sufficient and high quality protein despite the loss of their sense of taste. In order to prevent muscle loss and strengthen respiratory muscles, 1.5 g / kg / day protein and branched chain amino acid would be a good decision for this pandemic periods.
LA PROTECCIÓN JURÍDICO-CONSTITUCIONAL DEL DERECHO A LA IDENTIDAD EN EL PERÚ: RESPUESTAS FRENTE AL COVID-19
Authors: Agurto Gonzáles Carlos Antonio , Díaz Díaz María-Pía Guadalupe 
Published: May 2021

El derecho a la identidad en el Perú se ha consolidado gracias al desarrollo jurisprudencial del Tribunal Constitucional, el cual tiene como antecedente la importantísima doctrina del profesor Carlos Fernández Sessarego. Tal es así que se ha logrado un reconocimiento constitucional del derecho a la identidad como aquel compuesto por elementos estáticos y dinámicos. En esa línea se ha establecido que el sexo es un elemento dinámico de la identidad y, por ende, puede ser modificado, de tal manera que responda a la identidad psicosocial de la persona. La jurisprudencia constitucional peruana ha atendido al llamado de emergencia de una población minoritaria e históricamente discriminada como es la población trans en el Perú, devolviéndoles la protección jurídica a través del conocimiento judicial de las causas referidas al cambio de la mención del sexo en los registros. En este ensayo, se analiza el derecho a la identidad personal de las personas trans, cuya protección jurídica ha sido afectada por la pandemia del COVID-19, lo que nos permite analizar lo que hace falta por desarrollar en cuanto a la efectiva protección de este derecho.
New book science: a look into the future
Authors: Elyashevich D. A. , Mutyev V. A. 
Published: May 2021

Modern media2 transformations are accompanied by changes in the spatio-temporal characteristics of social interaction. Traditional and new ways of fixing and transmitting ideas, their materialization through various communication channels are at the heart of these changes. This shapes the need for actualization of research, development of new approaches, clarification of the object and the subject of medialogical disciplines, including book studies.In this study, the main problems of modern Russian bibliology have been identified: limited potential of morally outdated approaches (structural-typological, functional, documentgraphics), a breakaway from the dynamically changing international social and humanitarian agenda and non-participation in international bibliological forums, the functioning of a closed system of scholarly communication. Among other problems are: methodological cliché, limited use of sociological methods, slow digitalization of book studies.The contemporary understanding of the production and dissemination of symbolic forms as an unstructured and non-hierarchical system requires fundamentally new research approaches, the extension of methodological tools, crossdisciplinary study of the theory and history of books.The purpose of the article is to form the concept of “a new book science” with the object which should be considered as a system with emphasis on feedback “author – writing – text – reading – reader”.A system of projects focused on practical implementation of this concept is proposed: medialogical approach development; interdisciplinary research of the history of the reader and reading in Russia; the formation of an independent scientific field – the sociology of book – and the design of the eponymous educational discipline; preparation of a modern textbook on book science for higher education.
Youth‒Police Contact: Burdens and Inequities in an Adverse Childhood Experience, 2014‒2017
Authors: Geller Amanda 
Published: May 2021

Objectives. To assess police contact as a potential adverse childhood experience by measuring its prevalence, nature, and distribution among urban adolescents.Methods. Detailed US population-based data on youth‒police contact were collected in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (n = 2478) from 2014 to 2017. Using regression modeling, I assessed adolescents’ police exposure and the magnitude and robustness of racial disparities in police contact. Sensitivity analyses examined disparities by behavior and socioeconomic context.Results. Urban youths are heavily policed, beginning in preadolescence. Exposure to policing is unevenly distributed, with non-White adolescents—particularly Black boys—reporting more, and more aggressive, contact than their White counterparts. Hispanic‒White differences and disparities in girls’ experiences were less pronounced but present, particularly in how intrusive stops were. Intrusion disparities were robust to most behavioral controls, but not observed among youths with higher socioeconomic status.Conclusions. Given extant literature documenting adverse health consequences of police encounters, findings implicate policing as a driver of health disparities in adolescence and throughout the life course. Public health infrastructure dedicated to the prevention and treatment of adverse childhood experiences is well suited for mitigating these harms and inequities.
Factors Associated With Calling 911 for an Overdose: An Ethnographic Decision Tree Modeling Approach
Authors: Wagner Karla D. , Koch Brandon , Bowles Jeanette M. , Verdugo Silvia R. , Harding Robert W. , Davidson Peter J. 
Published: May 2021

Objectives. To identify factors that influence when people who use drugs (PWUDs) call 911 for an overdose. Methods. We conducted 45 qualitative interviews and 180 surveys with PWUDs who had recently witnessed overdoses in Southern California from 2017 to 2019. We used conditional inference tree and random forest models to generate and validate a model to predict whether 911 would be called. Results. Our model had good in- (83%) and out-of-sample (84%) predictive accuracy. Three aspects of the social and policy environment influenced calling 911 for an overdose: the effectiveness of response strategies employed, the behavior of other bystanders, and whether the responder believes it is their responsibility to call. Conclusions. Even in the presence of policies that provide some protections, PWUDs are faced with difficult decisions about calling 911 and must weigh their own safety against that of an overdose victim. Potential interventions include strengthening training and safety planning for PWUDs, bolstering protections for PWUDs when they call 911, and separating law enforcement response from emergency medical response to overdoses.
Digital Health Engagement in the US Population: Insights From the 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey
Authors: Ratcliff Chelsea L. , Krakow Melinda , Greenberg-Worisek Alexandra , Hesse Bradford W. 
Published: May 2021

Objectives. To examine prevalence and predictors of digital health engagement among the US population. Methods. We analyzed nationally representative cross-sectional data on 7 digital health engagement behaviors, as well as demographic and socioeconomic predictors, from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5, cycle 2, collected in 2018; n = 2698–3504). We fitted multivariable logistic regression models using weighted survey responses to generate population estimates. Results. Digitally seeking health information (70.14%) was relatively common, whereas using health apps (39.53%) and using a digital device to track health metrics (35.37%) or health goal progress (38.99%) were less common. Digitally communicating with one’s health care providers (35.58%) was moderate, whereas sharing health data with providers (17.20%) and sharing health information on social media (14.02%) were uncommon. Being female, younger than 65 years, a college graduate, and a smart device owner positively predicted several digital health engagement behaviors (odds ratio range = 0.09–4.21; P value range < .001–.03). Conclusions. Many public health goals depend on a digitally engaged populace. These data highlight potential barriers to 7 key digital engagement behaviors that could be targeted for intervention.
Minimal Clinically Important Differences for Patient-Reported Outcomes After TKA Depend on Central Sensitization
Authors: Kim Man Soo , Koh In Jun , Choi Keun Young , Seo Jeong Yong , In Yong 
Published: May 2021

Background:
To our knowledge, it is still unknown if central sensitization (CS) influences the magnitude of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for patient-reported outcome measures after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of CS on the MCID for the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score in patients who underwent TKA for knee osteoarthritis.

Methods:
A total of 422 patients who underwent unilateral TKA and completed a 2-year follow-up were enrolled in this study. CS was measured using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI). The WOMAC score was used to evaluate preoperative and postoperative patient-reported outcomes. The measurement of the MCID was performed separately for patients with and without CS using both the anchor-based method and the distribution method. The change difference method defined the MCID as the difference in preoperative-to-postoperative change between the minimal-improvement group and the no-change group. In addition, the MCID was calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The percentage of MCID achievement in each group was also compared.

Results:
According to the change difference method, the MCID for the WOMAC total score was 23.4 points for patients with CS and 14.7 points for patients without CS. The MCID using the ROC cutoff value for the WOMAC total score was 29.5 points for the patients with CS and 26.5 points for the patients without CS. MCID achievement rates in WOMAC pain, function, and total scores were all found to be significantly higher in the patients without CS through the change difference method and the ROC method (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The MCID for the WOMAC score of patients with CS after TKA was greater than that for patients without CS. Furthermore, by applying the calculated MCID to the group to which the patients belonged (with or without CS), we determined that patients with CS showed a lower MCID achievement rate than patients without CS.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Singularity Detection on Forbush Decrease at High Latitude Stations During Geomagnetic Disturbances
Authors: Mishra Roshan Kumar , Silwal Ashok , Baral Rabin , Adhikari Binod , Braga Carlos Roberto , Gautam Sujan Prasad , Das Priyanka Kumari , Migoya-Orue Yenca 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We analyzed the behavior of Cosmic Ray (CR) intensity during geomagnetic events of different nature and strength, using ground-based CR measurements from the World Neutron Monitoring Stations Network. We took account of interplanetary triggers and the geo-effectiveness while choosing the events. Forbush Decrease (FD) was observed when the magnetic fields entangled in and around CME exerts a shielding effect on galactic cosmic radiation, causing a sudden reduction of count rate in the neutron monitors. The results revealed that the FD plunged between -4% and -20% in the chosen events. The FD examined was abnormal and a multi-stage decrement in FD was observed during the event period. The reduction in Cosmic ray intensity was found to be inversely proportional to the cut - off rigidity at the specified neutron monitoring stations. Furthermore, we have also used the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) technique to detect singularity on Forbush decrease at the stations described. The first three decomposition levels have proved sufficient to isolate singularity patterns associated with Forbush decrease in conjunction with events of different nature and intensity, ranging from intense geomagnetic storm to super intense geomagnetic storm to HILDCAA event. Also, we found that the cosmic ray flux was correlated with the IMF-Bz values and the SYM-H index during the process, as indicated by the cross-correlation technique. No noticeable lag has been found between the parameters discussed, which indicates a clear correlation between the IMF Bz and the SYM-H index and the FD.
Climate-smart, 3-D protected areas in the high seas
Authors: Morales Isaac Brito , Schoeman David , Klein Carissa , Dunn Daniel , Everett Jason , Molinos Jorge García , Burrows Michael T. , Dominguez Rosa Mar , Possingham Hugh , Richardson Anthony 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Marine species are moving rapidly in response to warming, often in different directions and with variations by location and depth. This poses challenges to conventional reserve design. We develop a three-dimensional planning approach for the high seas that conserves biodiversity, minimises exposure to climate change, retains species within reserve boundaries, and reduces fishing conflict. Resultant climate-smart networks cover 11% of the high seas (5% of the ocean) and represent low-regret conservation options that are the first places to designate as new high-seas marine reserves. With the current push to increase the area of ocean under protection to 30%, we must confront the challenges of climate-smart three-dimensional conservation in the 41% of the ocean that is beyond countries’ jurisdictions.
Development of a Mathematical Model for Calculating Accumulated Solid Waste: An Experimental and Statistical Sampling
Authors: Alare Taiwo , Alare Kehinde 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In newest development, waste is being refined into a biofuel or recycled. Waste management has being an important factor in community development. The transformation of waste into useful materials has received much work. Therefore, database must be developed to know the amount of waste accumulated or generated over a given period of time. Taken into consideration the burning and recycle reduction factor, incremental factor and degradable waste ratio. This paper look for a mathematical formula that can be used to generate data for amount of solid waste accumulated over time for geographical location in respect of mass.
Effect of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation on Patient QOL After Hepatectomy: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kaibori Masaki , Kosaka Hisashi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Molecular hydrogen had been considered inactive in vivo but is an antioxidant that selectively reduces highly toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Animal studies have reported that hydrogen gas inhalation helped alleviate cerebral and cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injuries. In humans, hydrogen inhalation therapy is presently approved as a treatment under Advanced Medical Care B in Japan (jRCTs031180352: limited to adult patients who suffered out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and are in a continuous coma) and its effectiveness is being examined in a clinical trial. The Japanese government has introduced the “Advanced Medical Care System” to promote the development of drugs and devices under governmental regulations. Advanced Medical Care B is a system designed for unapproved or off-label drugs or medical technologies used in a clinical trial setting. Hepatectomy is generally performed with repeated hepatic blood-flow occlusion and then reperfusion (ischemia and reperfusion). No report, however, has been made on ROS inhibition by hydrogen inhalation therapy or its effectiveness in post-hepatectomy patients. Hydrogen gas inhalation in the early stages after hepatectomy is anticipated to inhibit liver dysfunction by inhibiting ROS.Methods and analysis: This study is a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial which will be conducted as a “specified clinical trial” in accordance with the Clinical Trials Act in Japan. The subjects will be patients who will undergo hepatectomy and will be allocated randomly into group A with hydrogen gas inhalation or group B with air inhalation after hepatectomy. The study will examine if hydrogen gas inhalation improves QOL of post-hepatectomy patients. The primary endpoint is patient QOL (score of a 40-item quality of recovery questionnaire, QoR40) on postoperative day 3 and the secondary endpoints are QoR40s besides that on postoperative day 3, grade of postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo score), level of pain (NRS: Numerical Rating Scale), amount of dietary intake, liver function, inflammation level, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (urinary 8-OHdG) level, and number of pedometer-assessed steps.Ethics and dissemination: The protocol has been approved by the Niigata University Central Review Board of Clinical Research. The findings of this study will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration number: jRCTs No. 03220332. Approved on 21 January 2021.
A “shuttle-relay” lithium metal battery enabled by heteroatom-based gel polymer electrolyte
Authors: Wu Junru , Devaraj Shanmukaraj , Wang Xianshu , Liu Qi , Wang Shuwei , Zhou Dong , Kang Feiyu , Rojo Teófilo , Armand Michel , Li Baohua , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Employing high-energy electrode couples and releasing the capacity of anions in the electrolyte are promising avenues to increase the energy density of existing lithium (Li)-based batteries. Herein, we develop a “shuttle-relay” Li metal battery (SRLMB) based on a hybrid Li-rich oxide cathode with graphite as conductive agent and a heteroatom-based gel polymer electrolyte (HGPE). The HGPE was facilely prepared by polymerizing diethyl allyl phosphate (DAP) monomer in-situ in an all-fluorinated electrolyte, which features high ionic conductivity, high oxidation stability up to 5.5 V vs. Li/Li+, high safety, and superior compatibility with Li metal (a plating/striping Coulombic efficiency of 99.7 %). When applied to SRLMBs, this quasi-solid-state electrolyte enables a reversible insertion of hexafluorophosphate (PF6−) anions into the conductive graphite after the stripping of Li ions from Li-rich oxide, thus improving the overall energy density of batteries. Our findings provide new insights into the upgrading of Li-based battery technology.
Monoclonal Antibody Against Sortilin Induces Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: simonian miganoosh , Ghaffari Mozhan Haji , Salimi Ali , Mirzadegan Ebrahim , Sadeghi Niloufar , Ebrahimnezhad Nasim , Fazli Ghazaleh , Fatemi Ramina , Bayat Ali-Ahmad , Negahdari Babak , Rabbani Hodjattallah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sortilin has an important role to play in various malignances and can be used as a promising target to eradicate cancer cells. The expression of sortilin in 4T1 and MDA-MB231 was evaluated by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. Apoptosis test was also performed. Based on cell surface flow cytometry results 2D8-E3 mAb could recognize sortilin molecules in 45.9% and 90.3% of 4T1 and MDA-MB231 cells respectively. The immunocytochemistry staining results verified sortilin surface expression. Apoptosis assay indicated that 2D8-E3 mAb could induce apoptosis in 4T1 and MDA-MB231 cell lines. Our study revealed the important role of surface sortilin in breast carcinoma cell survival and its possible usage as a therapeutic agent in cancer targeted therapies.