bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student performance classification and prediction in fully online environment using Decision tree
Authors: Al Karim Musaddiq , Ara Mst. Yeasmin , Masnad Md. Mahadi , Rasel Mostafa , Nandi Dip 
Published: October 2021

Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD) is a multidisciplinary field of study that focuses on methodologies for extracting useful knowledge from data. During the latest Covid-19 pandemic, there was a significant uptick in online-based learning (e-learning) operations as every educational institution moved its operations to digital channels. To increase the quality of education in this new normal, it is necessary to determine the key factors in students’ performance. The main objective of this study is to exploit the regulating factors of education via digital platforms during the covid-19 pandemic by extracting knowledge and a set of rules by using the Decision Tree (j48) classifier. In this study, we developed a conceptual framework using four datasets, each with a different set of attributes and instances, collected from “X-University” and Microsoft teams. ‘Final term’ and ‘Mid-term’ examinations acted as the root node for all four datasets. The findings of this study would benefit higher education institutions by helping instructors and students to recognize the shortcomings and influences controlling students' performance in the online platforms during the covid-19 pandemic, as well as serve as an early warning framework for predicting students' deficiencies and low school performance.
Penyuluhan Strategi Pemasaran Digital Kerajinan Tenun Ulos di Kampung Ulos Hutaraja Desa Lumban Suhi-Suhi Toruan Kecamatan Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir Sumatera Utara
Authors: Harianja Andy Paul 
Published: October 2021

Pemasaran produk kerajinan khususnya produk ulos di Kampung Ulos Hutaraja masih dilakukan secara manual. Daya tawar produk ulos ini jelas kalah bersaing dengan produk lain yang sudah memanfaatkan teknologi. Situasi ini membuat masyarakat mengalami kesulitan dalam memasarkan produk ulos mereka. Persoalan ini menarikÂ untuk dikaji dan menjadi dasar dalam melakukan pengabdian masyarakat dalam bentuk penyuluhan pemasaran digital kerajinan tenun ulos. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberi bantuan kepada masyarakat dalam pemasaran produk ulos. Kegiatan ini dilakukan agar masyarakat Kampung Ulos bisa terbantu secara sosial ekonomiÂ Â dan kesadaran kritisnya tumbuh terkait dengan kemajuan teknologi.Â Kegiatan ini juga bertujuan menumbuhkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya melibatkan kaum muda untuk terlibat secara aktif dalam pelestarian budaya daerah.Â Â Â Bantuan penyuluhan yang diberikan juga membantu meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat kampung ulos dengan peluang pemasaran yang lebih besar melalui pemanfaatan teknologi.
EFL Students’ Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Virtual Classrooms in Enhancing Communication Skills
Authors: Alshumaimeri Yousif A. , Alhumud Abeer M. 
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to examine students&rsquo; perceptions of the effectiveness of virtual classrooms in enhancing their communication skills. Study participants were 43 female English majors at the College of Education at a Saudi Arabian university. This study was conducted during the first semester of the 2020/2021 academic year when COVID-19 restrictions necessitated online learning. The study implemented a mixed methodology approach in which qualitative and quantitative tools were used to collect data. Two data collection instruments were used: a questionnaire and observations. In the questionnaire findings, students identified lack of confidence, anxiety surrounding making mistakes, and lack of vocabulary as their greatest challenges when communicating in English. The questionnaire also revealed that students held positive attitudes towards the effectiveness of virtual classrooms in enhancing their oral communication skills. The observation data revealed that virtual classrooms can play a significant role in enhancing students&rsquo; communication skills. However, despite their positive views of virtual classrooms, students agreed that the lack of face-to-face communication was a major obstacle in online learning.
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Graphene Nanopores
Authors: A. Löthman Per 
Published: October 2021

Graphene is a two-dimensional, atomic thin, usually impermeable nanomaterial with astonishing electrical, magnetic and mechanical properties and can therefore at its own right be found in applications as sensors, energy storage or reinforcement in composite materials. By introducing nanoscale pores graphene alter and extend its properties beyond permeability. Graphene then resembles a nanoporous sensor, a nanoporous, atomic thin membrane which opens up for such varied applications such as water purification, industrial waste water treatment, mineral recovery, analytical chemistry separation, molecular size exclusion and supramolecular separations. Due to its nanoscopic size it can serve as nanofilters for ion separation even at ultralow nano- or picomolar concentrations. It is an obvious choice for DNA translocation, reading of the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule, and other single molecular analyses as well for biomedical nanoscopic devices since dimensions of conventional membranes does not suffice in those applications. Even though graphene nanopores are known to be unstable against filling by carbon adatoms they can be stabilized by dangling bond bridging via impurity or foreign atoms resulting in a robust nanoporous material. Finally, graphene’s already exceptional electronic properties, its charge carriers exhibit an unusual high mobility and ballistic transport even at 300 K, can be made even more favorable by the presence of nanopores; the semimetallic graphene turns into a semiconductor. In the pores, semiconductor bands with an energy gap of one electron volt coexist with localized states. This may enable applications such as nanoscopic transistors.
Large‐Scale Syntheses of 2D Materials: Flash Joule Heating and Other Methods
Authors: Wyss Kevin M. , Luong Duy Xuan , Tour James M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the past 17 years, the larger‐scale production of graphene and graphene family materials has proven difficult and costly, thus slowing wider‐scale commercial applications. The quality of the graphene that is prepared on larger scales has often been poor, demonstrating a need for improved quality controls. Here, current industrial graphene synthetic and analytical methods, as well as recent academic advancements in larger‐scale or sustainable synthesis of graphene, defined here as weights more than 200 mg or films larger than 200 cm2, are compiled and reviewed. There is a specific emphasis on recent research in the use of flash Joule heating as a rapid, efficient, and scalable method to produce graphene and other 2D nanomaterials. Reactor design, synthetic strategies, safety considerations, feedstock selection, Raman spectroscopy, and future outlooks for flash Joule heating syntheses are presented. To conclude, the remaining challenges and opportunities in the larger‐scale synthesis of graphene and a perspective on the broader use of flash Joule heating for larger‐scale 2D materials synthesis are discussed.
Ultra‐Stable and Robust Response to X‐Rays in 2D Layered Perovskite Micro‐Crystalline Films Directly Deposited on Flexible Substrate
Authors: Lédée Ferdinand , Ciavatti Andrea , Verdi Matteo , Basiricò Laura , Fraboni Beatrice 
Published: October 2021

Abstract2D layered hybrid perovskites have recently attracted an increasing interest as active layers in LEDs and UV–Vis photodetectors. 2D perovskites crystallize in a natural self‐assembled quantum well‐like structure and possess several interesting features among which low‐temperature (<100 °C) synthesis and low defect density. Here are presented solid‐state ionizing radiation direct detectors based on the 2D layered hybrid perovskite PEA2PbBr4 (PEA = C6H5C2H4NH3+) deposited from solution using scalable techniques and directly integrated onto a pre‐patterned flexible substrate in the form of micro‐crystalline films displaying crystal‐like behavior, as evidenced by the ultra‐fast (sub‐microsecond) and good detection performances under UV light. The effective detection of X‐rays (up to 150 kVp) is demonstrated with sensitivity values up to 806 µC Gy−1 cm−2 and Limit of Detection of 42 nGy s−1, thus combining the excellent performance for two relevant figures of merit for solid‐state detectors. Additionally, the tested devices exhibit exceptionally stable response under constant irradiation and bias, assessing the material robustness and the intimate electrical contact with the electrodes. PEA2PbBr4 micro‐crystalline films directly grown on flexible pre‐patterned substrate open the way for large‐area solid‐state detectors working at low radiation flux for ultra‐fast X‐ray imaging and dosimetry.
0D Perovskites: Unique Properties, Synthesis, and Their Applications
Authors: Sun Siqi , Lu Min , Gao Xupeng , Shi Zhifeng , Bai Xue , Yu William W. , Zhang Yu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract0D perovskites have gained much attention in recent years due to their fascinating properties derived from their peculiar structure with isolated metal halide octahedra or metal halide clusters. However, the systematic discussion on the crystal and electronic structure of 0D perovskites to further understand their photophysical characteristics and the comprehensive overview of 0D perovskites for their further applications are still lacking. In this review, the unique crystal and electronic structure of 0D perovskites and their diverse properties are comprehensively analyzed, including large bandgaps, high exciton binding energy, and largely Stokes‐shifted broadband emissions from self‐trapped excitons. Furthermore, the photoluminescence regulation are discussed. Then, the various synthetic methods for 0D perovskite single crystals, nanocrystals, and thin films are comprehensively summarized. Finally, the emerging applications of 0D perovskites to light‐emitting diodes, solar cells, detectors, and some others are illustrated, and the outlook on future research in the field is also provided.
Long‐term reduced tillage and no‐till cropping systems affect crop yields and economics
Authors: Belknap Renee A. , Nelson Kelly A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThere has been increased implementation of conservation practices on highly erodible Missouri soils. The objectives were to evaluate the effects of long‐term no‐till and reduced tillage cropping systems on yields and economics of production systems. Research was initiated in 1994 near Novelty, MO. Treatments included a corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotation with three tillage/cropping systems: (1) no‐till corn–soybean–wheat with double‐crop soybean (NT DCS), (2) no‐till corn–soybean–wheat with frost‐seeded red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cover crop (NT FSC), and (3) reduced‐till corn–soybean–wheat (RT). Each crop and cropping system was represented each year in large plots (9.1 by 90 m). Significant differences in corn yields occurred in 1995–1996, 2000, 2009–2010, and 2015–2016 with the highest‐yielding treatments being five RT, one NT DCS, and one RT = NT DCS. Significant differences in soybean yield occurred in 3 yr with the highest‐yielding cropping system being NT DCS twice and RT once. Significant differences in wheat yield occurred in 4 yr with RT yielding the highest each time. Input costs were greatest in RT and NT DCS, while net income was greatest in NT DCS, which produces four cash crops in 3 yr. Highest net returns occurred in NT DCS, which was US$135 and 145 ha–1 greater than NT FSC and RT, respectively. The productivity and economics of systems need to be balanced with ecosystem benefits of NT. In this corn–soybean–wheat rotation, hybrid cropping systems including RT corn and wheat, followed by NT DCS, and NT soybean is recommended.
Tannic acid based bio‐based epoxy thermosets: Evaluation of thermal, mechanical, and biodegradable behaviors
Authors: Borah Nobomi , Karak Niranjan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis scientific paper emphasizes the synthesis of a bio‐based tannic acid epoxy (TAE100) with high bio‐content obtained by simple surface modification of tannic acid (TA). The resin was further cured with a biobased hardener poly(amido amine). Three contrast epoxy resins were also prepared with 50%, 75%, and 90% TA along with the rest amount of bisphenol A (BPA). Upon investigating mechanical properties, TAE100 exhibited a maximum tensile strength of 18.4 MPa (against 3.1–15.3 MPa for partially bio‐based ones) with 16% of elongation at break (against 39.1%–63.5% for partially bio‐based ones). The high adhesive strength (4545 MPa) obtained for TAE100 (compared to 881–2715 MPa for partially biobased ones) on wood‐wood surfaces reflecting good adhesive character of the bio‐based epoxy and offered potential applicability in the field of eco‐coatings and adhesives. Two‐stage thermal degradation behavior with initial decomposition temperature of 232°C revealed its good thermostability. Most importantly, the thermosets were biodegradable, as indicated by the microbial test.
Structure‐based engineering of an antiangiogenic scFv antibody for soluble production in E. coli without loss of activity
Authors: Denizci Öncü Melis , Balcıoğlu Bertan Koray , Özgür Beytullah , Öztürk Hasan Ümit , Serhatlı Müge , Işık Şeyma , Erdağ Berrin , Dinler Doğanay Gizem , Özdemir Bahadır Aylin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDevelopment of monoclonal antibody therapeutics against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR‐2) protein, which is the main regulator in angiogenesis, has been a major challenge for years. In the current study, we engineer an inclusion body forming single‐chain variable fragment (scFv) against VEGFR‐2 by using complementarity determining regions (CDR) grafting technique to improve its solubility and investigate the activity of the engineered molecule. CDR sequences of the target scFv were grafted into the framework of another intrinsically soluble scFv molecule. Based on the computational results, CDR grafting has increased the solubility of the grafted scFv molecule. Results confirmed that the grafting approach increased in vivo folding properties of the target scFv molecule compared with the original scFv molecule. Similar binding affinities to the VEGFR‐2 were observed for the original and the grafted scFv by surface plasmon resonance assays. Biological activity assays, including human umbilical vein endothelial cells proliferation and wound healing assays, showed that grafted scFv molecule has an antiangiogenic property. This study suggests that an antiangiogenic scFv fully expressed as an inclusion body can be rescued by grafting its CDR regions to a scFv expressed in a soluble form without any loss in its binding property and its activity.
Cytologic features of small cell melanoma
Authors: Satturwar Swati , Pantanowitz Liron , Patel Rajiv M. , Cantley Richard 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSmall cell melanoma (SCM) is an aggressive variant of malignant melanoma (MM), which has been rarely described in the cytology literature. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and cytologic features of a series of cases of metastatic SCM with discussion of the differential diagnosis of metastatic SCM diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA). A retrospective review of cases was performed, identifying two FNA cases and one core biopsy with touch preparation of metastatic SCM. Clinical presentation, cytomorphology features, ancillary tests, and final diagnoses were documented and analyzed. Patients ranged in age from 69 to 85 years‐old. Cytomorphologic features included the presence of a monomorphic population of dispersed small round blue cells, with scant cytoplasm, high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios, dense nuclear chromatin, and inconspicuous nucleoli. Acinar like arrangement (n = 2) and nuclear molding (n = 1) were also present. All cases showed diffuse positivity for the melanocytic markers SOX10 and Melan A by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Expression of neuroendocrine markers was variable. Diagnosing metastatic SCM at unusual anatomic sites by FNA cytology is a challenging task, especially in patients without known prior history of melanoma. Cytomorphology of SCM is unique, differing from conventional MM in many aspects, including the presence of acinar formations and a lack of typical melanoma features, such as large cells, intracytoplasmic melanin, and macronucleoli. IHC is critical for establishing the diagnosis of SCM.
Patos Lagoon, Brazil, Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) data compendium
Authors: Távora Juliana , Leão Fernandes Elisa Helena , Möller Osmar Olinto 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPatos Lagoon is the largest choked coastal lagoon in the world (250 km long, 40 km wide and mean depth of 5 m), with banks formed by sand and predominantly muddy bottom. The circulation is mainly driven by wind and river flow, with a minor contribution of the local microtidal regime. This lagoon is one of the most studied coastal water bodies in Brazil. The Patos Lagoon suspended particulate matter (SPM) data compendium consists of over four decades (1978–2019) of SPM data gathered from multiple research and monitoring projects. Data consist of SPM in situ samplings, remote sensing derived SPM estimates, rating curve approach for SPM estimates and SPM derived from turbidity measurements. Only measurements with a detailed description of the sampling and analysis protocols were used. The present data set offers valuable contributions as it allows the assessment of trends on the data and the short‐ and long‐term spatial and temporal variability of SPM concentrations in an area where permanent monitoring stations are not available. From these records, the SPM concentrations ranged from 0.4 g/m3 up to 1,000 g/m3. The Patos Lagoon SPM Compendium has been made publicly available at Tavora, Fernandes and Möller (2020).
Newtonian and non‐Newtonian nanofluids with entropy generation in conjugate natural convection of hybrid nanofluid‐porous enclosures: A review
Authors: Al‐Chlaihawi Kadhim K. , Alaydamee Hussein H. , Faisal Ahmed E. , Al‐Farhany Khaled , Alomari Mohammed A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe current study summarizes previous studies carried out on heat convection, fluid flow, and entropy generation of porous enclosures filled with hybrid/nanofluid. Newtonian and non‐Newtonian base fluids and the magnetohydrodynamics effects are considered. Natural convective heat transmission is one of the most common types of heat transfer due to its wide engineering applications like solar collectors, electronic equipment, cooling systems, nuclear reactors, and geothermal engineering. By offering a large surface area per unit volume and the disorderly movement of fluids passing through the relevant pores, in several applications, a porous media can increase convective heat transmission. Moreover, the problem related to the low thermal conductivity of conventional fluids can be addressed by introducing nanoparticles known as nanofluids. To increase the performance of thermal equipment, combining nanofluids with porous materials can be very advantageous. The impact of different governing parameters and the numerical methods used to solve the differential equations are also summarized.
Comparison between 200 μg and 800 μg of vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening before operative hysteroscopy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Maior Maria da Conceição Farias Souto , Souza Alex Sandro Rolland , Souza Gustavo Fonseca de Albuquerque , da Costa Aurélio Antônio Ribeiro 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare between 200 and 800 μg of vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening before operative hysteroscopy.MethodsQuadruple‐blind randomized clinical trial conducted between November 2019 and September 2020 involving 76 patients undergoing cervical dilatation before surgical hysteroscopy at teaching hospitals in Pernambuco, Brazil. Women received the vaginal misoprostol dosage of 200 or 800 μg,10–12 h before operative hysteroscopy. The cervical width was the primary outcome, and secondary outcomes were patient satisfaction, adverse effects, surgical complications, and duration of cervical dilatation. Chi‐square tests of association, Fisher's exact and Mann–Whitney U tests were used with an α error of <5%.ResultsThere was no statistical difference between the groups in the mean of the cervical width (800 μg: 6.5 ± 1.6 mm vs 200 μg: 5.8 ± 1.8 mm, P = 0.055), patient satisfaction, and surgical findings, but the duration of cervical dilatation was lower in the 800‐μg group (28.16 ± 28.5 s vs 41.97 ± 31.0 s, P = 0.035). Among the adverse effects, diarrhea was more frequent in the 800‐μg group with statistical difference (100% vs 0%; P = 0.01).ConclusionFor cervical ripening, 200 μg misoprostol is equally effective with fewer adverse effects than 800 μg before operative hysteroscopy. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04152317. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04152317.
A review on synthetic strategies and gas sensing approach for polypyrrole‐based hybrid nanocomposites
Authors: Sood Yuvika , Pawar Varsha S. , Mudila Harish , Kumar Anil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolypyrrole (PPy)‐based hybrid nanocomposites of organic and inorganic hybrid materials are not restricted for academic research, but nowadays, they are useful to design innovative industrial applications such as fuel cell, solar cell, catalysts, sensors, energy, and medical applications. In recent applications, PPy and its hybrid composites have been emerged as promising sensors due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In this article, the role of PPy‐based hybrid nanocomposites for the improvement in sensing applications has been discussed in detail. Along with this is the systematic discussion of the synthesis techniques of PPy sensory hybrid nanocomposites that provides a better understanding of this research area. Finally, certain limitations of PPy and its hybrid nanocomposites‐based sensor are also discussed for sensing.
Bright Structural Color and High Hydrophobic Properties of Photonic Crystal Films on the Ceramic Glaze Layer via Vertical Deposition Self‐Assembly Method
Authors: Wu Yuan‐ting , Liu Qiu‐jun , Li Meng‐long , Zhang Xin‐meng , Hei Xi‐ping 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work, structural color films on ceramic substrate were prepared through vertical deposition self‐assembly. The morphology, optical property and hydrophobicity of the films were characterized by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), optical photos and contact angle meter. The results show that the SiO2 colloidal crystals with ordered arrangement are successfully immersed into the ceramic glaze after sintered, and the structural color films prepared on the ceramic glaze layer show a periodically ordered structure. Compared with the structural color films on alumina substrate, further researches on the structural color films on ceramic substrate were carried out, and the hydrophobic property and stability of the structural color films on ceramic substrate are better, which is attributed to the combination of SiO2 photonic crystal and ceramic glaze. Moreover, the structural color films on the ceramic glaze layer show excellent hydrophobic performance when the sintering temperature was 600 °C.