bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AGE-RELATED DECLINE IN VACCINATION EFFICACY: THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF MYELOID DERIVED SUPPRESSOR CELLS
Authors: Перфильева Ю. В. , Каральник Б. В. , Остапчук Е. О. , Кали А. , Тлеулиева Р. Т. , Абдолла Н. , Красноштанов В. К. , Беляев Н. Н. 
Published: September 2021

Инфекционные заболевания у пожилых людей значительно более часты и смертность от них выше, чем у молодых людей. Вакцинация является наиболее эффективной и наименее затратной профилактической мерой при ряде инфекционных заболеваний. Однако вакцины, которые эффективны у молодых людей, часто неэффективны у пожилых людей старше 65 лет, причиной чего является постепенное снижение функциональных возможностей иммунной системы, происходящее с возрастом и называемое иммуностарением. Связанные с возрастом изменения в клеточном и гуморальном иммунитете ухудшают первичный ответ на вакцины и ослабляют развитие долговременной иммунной памяти. Исследования последних лет дают основание предполагать, что одной из возможных причин возникновения и поддержания иммуностарения в организме могут быть миелоидные супрессорные клетки ( Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, MDSC ). Многочисленными исследованиями установлено, что MDSC способны ингибировать функции клеток врожденного и адаптивного иммунитета посредством ряда механизмов. В настоящем обзоре приводятся сведения, подчеркивающие роль MDSC в ингибировании иммунного ответа на вакцины при старении, а также обосновываются возможные пути преодоления данного иммунного препятствия.
Infectious diseases in older people are much more frequent, and mortality from them is higher than in young people. Vaccination is the most effective and least expensive preventative measure for a number of infectious diseases. However, vaccines that are effective in young people are often ineffective in older people over 65, which is a result of a gradual decrease in the functional capacity of the immune systems, which occurs with age, and is called «immunosenescence». Age-related changes in the cellular and humoral immunity worsen the primary response to vaccines and weaken the development of long-term immunological memory. Recent studies suggest that one of the possible causes of the occurrence and maintenance of «immunosenescence» may be myeloid-derived suppressor cells ( MDSCs ). These cells have been shown to inhibit the functions of innate and adaptive immunity cells through a number of mechanisms. In this review, we provide information that emphasizes the role of MDSCs in inhibiting the immune response to vaccines during aging, and also substantiates possible ways to overcome this immunological obstacle.
NON-TRADITIONAL VIEW ON TRADITIONAL RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN SENIORS
Authors: Хорошинина Л. П. , Федорец В. Н. , Галенко А. С. , Медведева Т. В. , Лазарева А. А. , Лопатиева С. О. 
Published: September 2021

В статье раскрываются малоизвестные врачебному сообществу научные данные о традиционных факторах сердечно-сосудистого риска применительно к социальной группе пожилых, старых людей и долгожителей. Рассматриваются связанные с метаболизмом признаки старения организма. Оцениваются особенности показателей липидного спектра, уровня мочевой кислоты, мочевины, креатинина, факторов системы свертывания крови. Приводятся данные о характере стенозирования коронарных артерий у пожилых и старых пациентов с ИБС; о взаимосвязи ИБС и жировой дегенерации печени; об особенностях липидного спектра у больных старших возрастных групп с различными заболеваниями сердца; о различных психологических особенностях и поведенческих типах личности стареющих людей, имеющих кардиологическую патологию. Обращается внимание на «профилактический парадокс», который наблюдается у мужчин 60 лет и старше с различными формами ИБС, когда влияние «традиционных» факторов риска на увеличение смертности от сердечнососудистых заболеваний практически нивелируется, а в качестве прогностически неблагоприятных факторов значимую роль играют низкий уровень холестерина ЛПВП, пониженный уровень апо- А 1, увеличение соотношения апо- В /апо- А 1 и низкая физическая активность. Дополнительную ценность обзору придает факт, что в современной литературе, как отечественной так и зарубежной, имеется незначительное количество публикаций, посвященных особенностям факторов риска развития кардиологических заболеваний у людей старших возрастных групп, а также у пациентов, чей возраст превышает 100 лет.
The article reveals little-known scientiﬁc data on the traditional risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in relation to social groups of the elderly, old people and centenarians. Some of metabolism associated signs of ageing are considering. In the article some biochemical markers in seniors are evaluated (lipids, ﬁbrinogen, uric acid etc.). Some particularities about atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries in seniors are discovering, as well as relationships between coronary heart disease (CHD) and fatty liver degeneration. One more topic of the article is the lipid spectrum characteristics in senior patients with different types of heart diseases and psychological features and behavioral personality types of the seniors with cardiovascular pathology. Special attention payed on so-called preventive paradox in men older than 60 years with different forms of CHD, when the inﬂuence of traditional risk factors is critically decreased, and as important prognostic factors low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, reduced APO-A1, an increasing of APO-B/APO-A1 ratio and low physical activity play a signiﬁcant role.
NUTRITION OF THE ELDERLY: SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors: Веселов Ю. В. , Чернов Г. И. 
Published: September 2021

Работа принадлежит общей области социологии питания. В ней представлены результаты исследования повседневных практик питания пожилых людей. На основе эмпирического исследования в Санкт-Петербурге и Ленинградской обл. (телефонный опрос 516 респондентов; глубинные интервью) собрана информация по следующим тематическим блокам: приобретение продуктов питания пожилыми людьми, правильное питание, употребление экологически чистых и здоровых продуктов питания, организация питания и вкусы, употребления алкоголя и вредные привычки в питании, диеты и ограничения в питании, физическая активность, посещение предприятий общественного питания, ежедневные меню и гастрономические предпочтения. В рамках дискуссии представлен гастрономический портрет пожилого человека, проведен сравнительный анализ практик питания пожилых людей, молодежи и лиц среднего возраста. Определены основные проблемы в питании пожилых людей, намечены пути их решения.
The paper belongs to the general ﬁeld of nutritional sociology. It presents the data of a study of everyday nutrition practices of older people. Based on an empirical study, held in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Oblast Region (telephone survey of 516 respondents; in-depth interviews), information is given on the following thematic blocks: the purchase of food items by older people; proper nutrition, the consumption of healthy foods; eating out and tastes; alcohol consumption and unhealthy eating habits; diets and dietary restrictions, physical activity; visiting cafes and restaurants; daily menus and gastronomic preferences. As part of the discussion, a gastronomic portrait of an elderly person is presented. A comparative analysis of nutrition practices of the elderly, young people and middle-aged people is held. The main problems in the nutrition of the elderly are identiﬁed; ways to solve them are outlined as well.
FEATURES OF THE CONFLICT ADAPTATION EFFECT IN MILD COGNITIVE DECLINE
Authors: Величковский Б. Б. , Татаринов Д. В. , Хлебникова А. А. , Зиберова А. В. , Рощина И. Ф. , Селезнева Н. Д. , Гаврилова С. И. 
Published: September 2021

Эффект адаптации к конфликту в задачах на подавление интерференции (таких как задача Струпа или фланговая задача) заключается в улучшении подавления иррелевантных стимулов после их подавления в предыдущей пробе. На материале фланговой задачи показывается, что когнитивное физиологическое старение сопровождается нулевым эффектом адаптации к конфликту, а мягкое когнитивное снижение - обратным (то есть отрицательным) эффектом адаптации к конфликту. Проведенный анализ времени реакции с помощью диффузионной модели ( drift diffusion model ) показал, что изменения в эффекте адаптации к конфликту у пациентов с мягким когнитивным снижением связаны с отсутствием у них адаптивного ускорения скорости переработки стимулов при наличии дистракторов. Этот результат может свидетельствовать о ригидности системы контроля перцептивных процессов, позволяющих осуществлять стратегическое перераспределение внимания в пожилом возрасте и при патологическом старении. Делается вывод о возможной роли обратного (отрицательного) эффекта адаптации к конфликту как раннего индикатора патологической когнитивной дисфункции.
Conﬂict adaptation effect in interference control tasks (like Stroop task or ﬂanker task) consists in better interference suppression in incongruent trials following an incongruent trial. In a ﬂanker task is shown that in normal cognitive aging there is a null conﬂict adaptation effect and that in mild cognitive impairment there is a reversed (negative) conﬂict adaptation effect. Using the drift diffusion model of reaction time, it is shown that the change in conﬂict adaptation effect in mild cognitive impairment is associated with the absence of adaptive increase in processing speed in the presence of distractors. This can be interpreted as the rigidity of perceptual control mechanisms, which are responsible for strategic distribution of attention in older age and in pathological aging, in particular. The conclusion is drawn that reversed conﬂict adaptation effect may be an early marker of pathological cognitive aging.
تطبيق طريقة سوروكان في تعليم كتب التراث
Authors: Mukminin Amirul , Khoirul Anwar  , Aisyatul Hanun  
Published: September 2021

This research started from learning at Al-Badriyah Islamic Boarding School which since established applying Sorogan Method in some lesson kitab turats, the students and the graduates proved to have the ability to understand the Qur'an and religious books needed in the community, therefore the graduates of Al-Badriyah Islamic Boarding School have a role in religious field in society, and some graduates have successfully established educational institution, this proves that the study of book in Al-Badriyah Islamic Boarding School done well, one way learn kitab turats in this Islamic Boarding School using the Sorogan Method. This study aims to know and analyze: 1). the implementation of Sorogan Method in Al-Badriyah Islamic Boarding School Sundak Rarang East Lombok. 2). the students ability in reading kitab turats by using Sorogan Method at Al-Badriyah Islamic Boarding School Sundak Rarang East Lombok from 2014 until 2017. This research is a case study research using qualitative research approach, that is research which have characteristic that its data is natural phenomenon and oral information. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the results of the research can be concluded that: 1). The implementation of the Sorogan method is realized with two ways. (a). One student called to go forward to become readers and mean while other friends listening then explained by teacher, all students get turn to progressing to become a reader and not all students get a turn in a meeting of learning but usually the reader 2 to 3 students because of time limitations, while the student who have not got a turn at the learning meeting will get a turn in the next week. The students read the book in his study in front of the teachers then on the sidelines of the reading student sometimes he was asked by his teacher about how to read nahwu and sharafnya, after then teacher give explanation about the discussion at that time. 2). While the ability of students in reading kitab turats with sorogan method is very good and continue to increase because the student continue to get improvements and additional knowledge in reading the kitab turats, but the number of students who follow lesson in particular lesson kitab turats with sorogan method less.
تأثير استيعاب مادة المطالعة لمهارة الكلام
Authors: Wicaksono Eko Bowo , Alfy Mamduh Nuruddin  
Published: September 2021

The research aims to: (1) Determine the ability of class 3 students Intensive KMI Gontor Campus 2 in mastery of the Muthala'ah Uslub (2) Knowing the ability of Class 3 students Intensive KMI Gontor Campus 2 in speaking ability (3) Knowing whether there is an influence ability in mastery of Uslub Muthala'ah on the speaking ability of grade 3 students Intensive Kulliyatul Mu'allimin Al-Islamiyah Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Campus 2 Siman Madusari Ponorogo, East Java Academic Year: 1440 - 1441 H. This research applied quantitative method. The data collection technique used are (1) Test results, to know the ability of students in class 3 intensive KMI Gontor campus 2 in speaking skill. (2) Documentations, to get data on the value of learning achievement in muthola'ah lessons and the general description about the institutions. The data analysis used product moment correlation with a significance level of 5% or 1% with 73 degrees of freedom (df) 73. According to the analysis, it reveals that (1) mastery of muthola'ah grade 3 students Intensive KMI Gontor campus 2 school year: 1440-1441 is good with a grade of 5.58. (2) speaking ability of students in Intensive Class 3 KMI Gontor campus 2 academic year: 1440-1441 is very good with a score of 7.01. (3) There is a significant influence between mastery of muthola'ah and the speaking ability of grade 3 students Intensive KMI Gontor campus 2 academic year: 1440-1441, this was indicated by a value of 0.851 which was greater than the value of "r" in the table 5% and 1%, namely 0.232 and 0.302.
Implementation of Flipped Classroom in Islamic Education Lessons: Students’ Perspective
Authors: Nur'aini Nur'aini 
Published: September 2021

The research aims to assess flipped classrooms in Islamic religious education lessons at SMA Al-Azhar Batam. This research tries to illustrate students’ perspectives on the use of flipped classrooms in their classes. The respondents were 98 students who took Islamic religious education lessons. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. The data was analyzed based on responses found in the reflection sheet. The research showed that flipped classrooms enable students to control their learning, creating confusion and culture shock. Eventually, the researchers concluded with some suggestions for educators to adopt the flipped classroom technology to create better learning environments for their students and reach better learning consequences. The teacher needs to make more precise and stricter instructions on using online materials for in-class learning.
Crystallization of Ge thin films by Au-induced layer exchange: effect of Au layer thickness on Ge crystal orientation
Authors: Sunthornpan Narin , Kimura Kenjiro , Kyuno Kentaro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Au layer thickness dependence (9–34 nm) of Ge crystallization in the metal-induced layer exchange process has been investigated. It has been found that Ge crystals are (111) oriented when the Au layer is as thin as 9 nm, whereas crystal grains are randomly oriented when the Au layer is as thick as 34 nm. The difference is discussed in terms of the difference in the position of nucleation sites of Ge crystals.
Analisis Kinerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Karimun
Authors: Sambuardi Roli 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Kinerja dan faktor yang menghambat Kinerja pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Karimun. Metode penelitian yaitu kualitatif deskriptif. Penulis menemukan hasil penelitian bahwa Analisa Kinerja di Kantor Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Karimun dalam kategori Cukup baik yaitu berkisar 33% - 34%. Analisa Kinerja tersebut terdiri dari Persentase pada indikator Ketepatan waktu diperoleh rata-rata indeks sebesar 33%. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa indikator Ketepatan waktu di kategori cukup baik. Indeks pada indikator deskripsi pekerjaan diperoleh rata-rata indeks sebesar 34%. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa indikator deskripsi pekerjaan di kategori cukup baik. Indeks pada indikator Kualitas diperoleh rata-rata indeks sebesar 33%. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa indikator Kualitas di kategori cukup baik. Hambatan kinerja pada Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Karimun, meliputi; Terjadinya konflik antara atasan dan bawahan, Konflik antar sesama pegawai, Buruknya komunikasi internal organisasi, Ketidakpuasan pegawai terhadap organisasi dan Kurangnya pelatihan pegawai.
Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Ruang Permukiman Dukuh Menanggal Surabaya Sebelum dan Sesudah Pembangunan Shopping Mall CITO
Authors: Widyastuty Anak Agung Sagung Alit , Suprema Ariesinda  
Published: September 2021

Abstrak
City Of Tomorrow (CITO) “Mall” adalah salah satu Shopping Mall yang ada di Jalan Ahmad Yani Kota Surabaya, tepatnya terletak di Wilayah Kelurahan Dukuh Menanggal. Pembangunan Shopping Mall pada umumnya dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap perkembangan penggunaan dan pemanfaatan ruang. Tujuan kajian ini untuk mengidentifikasi perkembangan penggunaan lahan yang terjadi sebelum dan sesudah berdirinya Shopping Mall CITO dan menganalisis pengaruh pembangunan Shopping Mall CITO terhadap ruang permukiman di Kelurahan Dukuh Menanggal. Metode kajian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis spasial dan overlay Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG), dan analisis uji pengaruh menggunakan Paired Sample T-Test SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya pembangunan kawasan perdagangan dan jasa dalam kurun waktu 15 tahun (2003-2017), mengakibatkan berkurangnya penggunaan lahan kosong di Kelurahan Dukuh Menanggal dengan nilai rata-rata perubahan sebesar 70% yang pemanfaatannya berubah menjadi penggunaan lahan permukiman dan perdagangan. Hasil analisa uji pengaruh Paired Sample T-Test SPSS, dengan melibatkan dua pengukuran pada subyek yang sama antara hasil data perkembangan penggunanaan lahan pada tahun 2003 dan tahun 2017, maka tidak ada pengaruh adanya perkembangan penggunaan lahan sebelum dan sesudah berdirinya kawasan Shopping Mall CITO terhadap ruang permukiman di Kelurahan Dukuh Menanggal Kota Surabaya. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perubahan penggunaan lahan ruang permukiman di Dukuh Menanggal Surabaya tidak dipengaruhi oleh adanya pembangunan Shopping Mall CITO, perubahan penggunanaan lahan berlangsung secara alami karena adanya pertumbuhan penduduk.
Kata Kunci :Penggunaan Lahan, ruang permukiman, shopping mall, Sistem Informasi Geografi
PENGARUH EKSTRAK BIJI Ganitri (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli
Authors: Bramaseta Ega , Kurnia Tristi Indah Dwi , As'ari Hasyim 
Published: September 2021

This research was conducted in the laboratory of Biology University PGRI Banyuwangi to determine the effect of ganitri seeds extract (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) in inhibiting the growth of bacteria Escherichia coli and to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of ganitri seeds extract (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.). The method is using wells with 1% tetracycline positive control and negative control of sterile distilled water. Serial concentrations ganitri seed extract (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) is used by 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, and in the MIC test using serial concentrations of 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%. Based on the test results, the largest inhibition zone is shown by a concentration of 50% with an average diameter of 0,954 cm zone of inhibition and inhibition zone indicated smallest concentration of 10% with an average diameter of 0,215 cm inhibition zone. ANOVA test result value (F.Hit> F.Table) with F.Hit amounted to 33,512 and F.Tabel significance value of 2.85 and 0.000 (P <0.05), as the value of P <0.05 then it can be concluded that there is a concentration of ganitri seeds extract (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) on the growth of test bacteria. The results of Duncan test showed the ganitri seeds extract (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) at a concentration of 50% have significantly different inhibatory zone by treatment with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, positive control, and negative control. While MIC ganitri seed ethanol extract (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) Were still able to inhibit the growth of test bacteria at a concentration of 1% with an average diameter of 0.037 cm inhibition zone. The Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) ganitri seed extract (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) shown by a concentration of 1%, where this concentration is still able to inhibit the growth of bacteria Escherichia coli.
Keyword: Ganitri seed extract, Bacteria Escherichia coli, Serial concentration, Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC), Inhibition zone.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BIJI GANITRI (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR KOLESTEROL MENCIT (Mus musculus) JANTAN PENDERITA DIABETES
Authors: Pawestri Dianing , Kurnia Tristi Indah D. , As’ari Hasyim 
Published: September 2021

Hiperkolesterolemia sering dijumpai pada penderita diabetes mellitus, hal ini dikarenakan resistensi insulin pada diabetes mellitus meningkatkan lipolisis pada jaringan adiposa sehingga terjadi peningkatan lemak dalam darah termasuk kolesterol dan trigliserida, sehingga apabila kadar kolesterol tinggi dalam tubuh, maka dapat memicu berbagai penyakit (komplikasi) seperti penyakit jantung koroner, strok, dan ginjal. Oleh karena itu perlu dikembangkan alternatif pengobatan dengan menggunakan bahan alami yang diharapkan lebih efektif dan efisien. Biji ganitri (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) adalah salah satu alternatif bahan alami yang memiliki kandungan antioksida karena mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, glikosida, steroid, alkaloid, saponin, dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak biji ganitri (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol mencit (Mus musculus) jantan penderita diabetes dengan metode sondase lambung dengan kontrol positif glibenklamid dan kontrol negatif aquades steril. Pada uji pengaruh pemberian ekstrak biji ganitri (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol mencit, dosis ekstrak biji ganitri yang digunakan 650mg/kgBB, 1300mg/kgBB dan 2600mg/kgBB. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikasi sebesar 0,000 (P<0,05), Karena nilai P<0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang nyata dari masing-masing perlakuan dosis terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol mencit. Hasil uji Duncan menunjukkan ekstrak biji ganitri (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum.) berpengaruh efektif pada pengobatan hari ke-25 yang terdapat pada perlakuan P3 yang menggunakan biji ganitri dengan dosis 2600mg/kgBB yaitu dengan hasil kadar kolesterol 84,00 mg/dL.