bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Spatio-temporal levels of pollution parameters due to dumpsite leachate in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Nwosu Geoffrey E , Badejo Adedayo A , Adekunle Adebola A , Adeosun Olayemi J 
Published: April 2021

This study is on the assessment of spatio-temporal levels of physico-chemical parameters of groundwater in domesticwells located at points around some selected dumpsite due to dumpsite leachate on groundwater pollution. Three dumpsites: Orile (O); Solous 3 (S3) and Solous 1 (S1). Leachate from the respective dumpsites and water from the 10 select wells within 1 km radius of each dumpsites were sampled and analyzed in the laborator. .Spatial distribution maps of the parameters were generated using Geographic Information System and ArchMap 10.5. Laboratory results revealed that water in domestic wells were deteriorated due to the percolation of leachate. Spatial analysis revealed that pollution of groundwater was higher within a distance of 345 m from the dumpsites and decreases as the distance increases from the dumpsites. The leachate concentration of Cl, SO4, COD and BOD5 from O; TDS, and EC from S3; Cr and Pb from S1 dumpsites respectively were above WHO leachate disposal values. The study showed that O impacted more on groundwater quality than S3 and S1. It is recommended that water from these wells should not used without treatment.Keywords: Leachate, dumpsite, groundwater, wells, pollution.
Effect of Clusters in Energy-Efficient Cooperative White Space Detection in a Cognitive Radio System
Authors: Ojo Samson I , Adeyemo Zachaeus K , Akande Damilare O , Omowaiye Rebecca O 
Published: April 2021

White Space Detection (WSD) is a core operation in a Cognitive Radio System (CRS) to identify idle spectrum for maximum utilization. However, WSD is often affected by multipath effects resulting in poor detection rate. Cooperative WSD (CWSD) which is one of the existing techniques used to address the problem is characterized by long sensing time, energy and bandwidth inefficiency. Energy-Efficient CWSD (EECWSD) was proposed in previous work to solve the problem associated with CWSD. Hence, in this paper, the effect of clusters in EECWSD is carried out with Radiometry Detector (RD). The investigation is carried out using multiple clusters and each cluster contained multiple Secondary Users (SUs). The SUs are used to perform local sensing and the sensing results are combined at individual cluster using majority fusion rule. The sensing results from individual cluster are combined to obtain global sensing result using OR fusion rule. The system is simulated using MATLAB software. The system is evaluated using Probability of Detection (PD), Total Error Probability (TEP), Spectral Efficiency (SE) and Sensing Time (ST). At SNR of 20 dB, PD values of 0.7890, 0.8376 and 0.8787 are obtained for clusters 3, 4 and 5, respectively, while the corresponding TEP values are 0.2210, 0.1724 and 0.1313 for clusters 3, 4 and 5, respectively. At SNR of 16 dB, 13.2594 and 16.4341 are the SE values obtained for clusters 3 and 5, respectively, while the corresponding ST values obtained are 4.2487 and 2.6177 s for clusters 3 and 5, respectively. The results obtained revealed that, PD and SE increase as number of cluster increases, while ST and TEP reduce as cluster increases. Keywords— Cognitive Radio, White Space, Spectrum Sensing, Probability of Detection, Spectral Efficiency.
Estimation of attenuation due to rain within Ka and Ku bands in Oyo State of Nigeria
Authors: Busari Hammed O , Fakolujo Olaosebikan A 
Published: April 2021

Rain-induced attenuation of microwaves poses a serious challenge to signal availability beyond 10 GHz frequencies. The challenges are even more pronounced in the subtropical and tropical regions with high intensities of rain which is more accompanied with thunderstorms. Nigeria has an equatorial and tropical climate, which is identified by controlling rainfall. Rain is the significant attenuation factor of various communication signal above 10 GHz frequencies. Therefore, for effective utilization of the microwave bandwidth during rainfall, it is required to form the correlation between this attenuation effect and the bandwidth at various rainfall rate and frequencies at a particular interest location. Therefore , using propagation modelling, the point rainfall and rain effects for frequencies was concurrently considered between 11 and 40 GHz (i.e. Ku, and Ka) for satellite communication service on earth-space path at Ibadan in Oyo state , Nigeria by using rainfall data for the period of five (5) years (January 2014 to December 2019).Keywords- Rain Attenuation, Rain Rate, Bandwidth, Propagation Modelling
Fitting Rating Curves to Selected Streams in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ibeje Andy O 
Published: April 2021

Lack of funds and political will have made continuous gauging of rivers in Nigeria impossible, thus stalling the development of surface water resources. In order to address this anomaly; this study is focused on developing discharge rating curve, for selected streams in Imo-Anambra river basin of southeast Nigeria, which is capable of predicting discharge from stage. Ten years monthly stage and discharge records, measured with stream gauges, for Rivers Adada in Enugu state, Ajali in Anambra state, Ivo in Ebonyi State, Otamiri in Imo state, and Imo (Umuopara) in Abia state, were used in estimating the rating curve models using simple linear regression as: , and . All the rating curve equations were validated using coefficient of determination which yielded values of 98.54%, 97.38%, 17.31%, 89.98% and 99.43%, but the empirical discharge-stage model of River Ivo was discarded as the model produced poor performance and lacked the features of a rating curve. The rating curve of Imo River predicted the highest discharge for equivalent input values of stage because of its large cross-section at the gauging station. The developed rating curve models are therefore recommended for discharge prediction in these catchment areas with limited streamflow records.Keywords— fitting, rating curve, southeast Nigeria, stream discharge
APPROACH TOWARDS SACROCOCCYGEAL FISTULA: A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL AND COMPETITIVE INTERPRETATION
Authors: Gupta Sudesh  , Prasher Aarushi  , Sharma Kumar Arun  , Sharma Sakshi  , Manhas Raman  
Published: April 2021

Background: Sacrococcygeal fistula, also known as Pilonidal sinus is an acute or chronic infection in the subcutaneous fatty tissue, mainly in the natal cleft. The condition, though not life threatening, is socially embarrassing and adversely affects the quality of life of patients. In Ayurvedic literature Sacrococcygeal fistula is better correlated and treated as Nadi Vrana. Acharya Sushruta had explained Para-surgical procedure with the intervention of medicated Seton (Kshara Sutra) as one of the treatment modalities. The ideal method of treatment of Sacrococcygeal fistula should be effective with a low recurrence rate, short hospital stay and economical.
Aim: This study is an attempt to evaluate the efficacy of Arka Ksharasutra in the management of Sacrococcygeal fistula.
Methodology: A total no. of 10 patients having signs and symptoms of Sacrococcygeal fistula were selected for Arka Ksharasutra ligation under local anesthesia and the Seton was changed every week during the entire treatment period.
Results: In this study all the patients i.e.,100% were males with age between 25-35 years. The length of initial track was 3.6 to 5.5 cm and average Unit Cutting Time was 7.23 days/cm in previously non-operated cases and 11.26 days/cm in previously operated cases, average being 8.2days/cm. There was no post-operative complication and recurrence even after 3 months of follow-up.
Conclusion: Arka Ksharasutra is laced with anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, bactericidal and anti- inflammatory properties which minimizes the use of antibiotics and also demolished the recurrence of symptoms.
Pharmaceutico-analytical Standardization of Katupila Taila; An Ayurvedic Dosage Form from Ethnobotany: Securinega leucopyrus
Authors: Shah Samip , Bedarkar Prashant , J Shukla V , J Patgiri B , Mehta Mehul 
Published: April 2021

Katupila - Securinega leucopyrus (willd) Muell. is ethnobotanic medicine, whose leaves are proven to exhibit wound healing property through in vitro, in vivo experimental studies and clinical study along with other properties like anti inflammatory, antioxidant etc. Present study was aimed to develop suitable Ayurvedic dosage form which can value add to ethnic practice and outcomes of recent studies on Katupila by utilizing probable potential of its alternate aria plant part; stem. Six batches of Katupila taila were prepared from decoction and bolus of stem of Katupila heated with Sesame oil in prescribed manner of Snehapaka as per Ayurvedic classics till Madhyam Snehapaka. Organoleptic, physicochemical evaluation, test parameters for evaluation of Snehakalpa as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India (API) were recorded in triplicate along with chromatographic pattern. Average 934.8 g (93.48% yield) of Katupila Taila was obtained from batch size of, 1 l of Tila Taila with 212 g of Kalka dravya and 4 l of Kwatha of Katupila stem prepared over 3 days with 13 hrs of total duration of actual heating. Mean specific gravity, refractive index, acid value, iodine value, saponification value and Bellier’s turbidity temperature test (BTTT) value were 0.9179, 1.449 2.908 ± 0.0538, 108.075 ± 2.97, 169.66 ± 8.91 and 19.6 ± 0.3 Mean ± SD respectively. Adopted method of Snehapaka for preparation of Katupila Taila can be considered as standard. Observed organoleptic features, range of physicochemical parameters and chromatographic pattern as per API may be considered as analytical standard for Katupila Taila.
Parkinson's disease and convergence insufficiency: a mini-review
Authors: Al-Namaeh Mashael 
Published: April 2021

Background: A key manifestation of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is visual impairment. Cognitive impairment has been found to overlap with convergence insufficiency (CI) in patients with PD and is associated with significantly greater near point convergence (NPC) distance. Difficulty in reading and diplopia were the most common symptoms of CI in PD. The prevalence of CI is greater among patients with PD. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relationship between PD and CI.
Methods: Studies that had included data on CI, NPC, or both were selected by searching PubMed/MEDLINE and clinicaltrails.gov, without any timeline or language limitation. The following terms were used in PubMed/MEDLINE search: ‘Clinical Trials’, ‘Parkinson’s Disease’, and ‘Convergence Insufficiency’. For clinical trials.gov database, the terms ‘Parkinson’s Disease’, ‘Convergence Insufficiency’, and ‘Completed Studies’ were used. Only those studies with control subjects were included. PubMed/MEDLINE search yielded 1,563 articles, but no article was found in the clinical trails.gov search. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria, among which nine articles were selected as they had data on CI or NPC distance (cm), and PD.
Results: Overall, there were 1,563 articles; among them, 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. Nine articles were selected based on their data concerning CI or NPC distance (cm) and PD. Relative to the control group, the PD group had high CI. In addition, PD group showed increase in NPC distance than the control group.
Conclusions: These data suggest that the patients with PD had an increased likelihood of developing CI visual symptoms, and increased NPC distance than healthy controls. These findings indicate that regular eye examination is very important for patients with PD.
Pengaruh Tindakan Afirmatif dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Manajemen Kinerja PT. Bintang Sayap Utama Area Jawa Timur
Authors: Rizki Via Lailatur 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tindakan afirmatif dan budaya organisasi terhadap manajemen kinerja pada PT. Bintang Sayap Utama Area Jawa Timur Satu. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kausal. Populasi yang digunakanadalah seluruh karyawan PT. Bintang Sayap Utama Area Jawa Timur Satu dengan cakupan Lumajang, Batu dan Kabupaten Malang sebanyak 66 karyawan dengan metode sensus. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan afirmatif tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen kinerja PT. Bintang Sayap Utama Area Jawa Timur Satu. Budaya Organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen kinerja PT. Bintang Sayap Utama Area Jawa Timur Satu.
Kata kunci: Tindakan Afirmatif, Budaya Organisasi, Manajemen Kinerja.
Persepsi Pedagang Terhadap Pelayanan Petugas Pasar Tradisional Bangil
Authors: Ishak Ishak 
Published: April 2021

The fokus of this research is trader’s perceptions of service quality with a focus of research in Bangil traditional market officers. The purpose of this study was to determine how much the quality of public services in Bangil tradional market unit. The method of this research is quantitative descriptive, the subjects of this study are traders rgistred as many as 1396 taders and as a population. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling using the opinion of Slovin, with a total of 93 respondents. Based on yhe result of the study showed the quality of market services is near maximum.

Keywords : Perception Of Merchant, Service Quality
Pengaruh Earning Per Share, Return On Asset dan Debt to Equity Ratio Terhadap Harga Saham
Authors: Vidiyastutik Elok Dwi , Rahayu Agustin 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Earning Per Share, Return On Asset dan Debt to Equity Ratio Terhadap Harga Saham. Pendekatan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah perusahaan Tekstil dan Garmen yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2016-2018. Metode pengambilan sampel yang dipakai adalah metode purposive sampling dan didapatkan jumlah sampel yang memenuhi persyaratan sebanyak 51 perusahaan. Sumber data adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan tahunan yang dikeluarkan oleh masing-masing perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Earning Per Share berpengaruh postif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham, Return On Asset berpengaruh postif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham, dan Debt to Equity Ratio berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham.
Tracking COVID-19 burden in India using SMAART RAPID tracker
Authors: Joshi Ashish , Kaur Harpreet , Krishna L. Nandini , Sharma Shruti , Sharda Gautam , Lohra Garima , Bhatt Ashruti , Grover Ashoo 
Published: April 2021

Objective- India has seen a rapid rise in COVID-19 cases. Examine spatiotemporal variation of COVID-19 burden Tracker across Indian states and union territories using SMAART RAPID Tracker.
Method: We used SMAART RAPID Tracker to visually display COVID-19 spread in space and time across various states and UTs of India. Data is gathered from publicly available government information sources. Data analysis on COVID-19 has been conducted from March 1 2020 to October 1 2020. Variables recorded include COVID-19 cases and fatality, 7-day average change, recovery rate, labs and tests. Spatial and temporal trends of COVID-19 spread across Indian states and UTs is presented.
Result: The total number of COVID-19 cases were 63, 12,584 and total fatality was 86,821 (October 1 2020). More than 85,000 new cases of COVID-19 were reported. There were 1,867 total COVID-19 labs throughout India. More than half of them were Government labs. The total number of COVID-19 tests was 76,717,728 and total recovered COVID-19 cases was 5,273,201. Results show an overall decline in the 7-day average change of new COVID-19 cases and new COVID-19 fatality. States such as Maharashtra, Chandigarh, Puducherry, Goa, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh continue to have high COVID-19 infectivity rate.
Discussion: Findings highlight need for both national guidelines combined with a state specific recommendations to help manage the spread of COVD-19.
Conclusion: India’s great diversity along with its vast population would help decide further actions to contain the spread of the disease, and can be crucial for the specific states only.
Transcriptional profile in rat muscle: down-regulation networks in acute strenuous exercise
Authors: Felipe Stela Mirla da Silva , Freitas Raquel Martins de , Penha Emanuel Diego dos Santos , Pacheco Christina , Martins Danilo Lopes , Alves Juliana Osório , Soares Paula Matias , Loureiro Adriano César Carneiro , Lima Tanes , Silveira Leonardo R. , Ferraz Alex Soares Marreiros , Souza Jorge Estefano Santana de , Leal-Cardoso Jose Henrique , Carvalho Denise P. , Ceccatto Vania Marilande 
Published: April 2021

Background
Physical exercise is a health promotion factor regulating gene expression and causing changes in phenotype, varying according to exercise type and intensity. Acute strenuous exercise in sedentary individuals appears to induce different transcriptional networks in response to stress caused by exercise. The objective of this research was to investigate the transcriptional profile of strenuous experimental exercise.

Methodology
RNA-Seq was performed with Rattus norvegicus soleus muscle, submitted to strenuous physical exercise on a treadmill with an initial velocity of 0.5 km/h and increments of 0.2 km/h at every 3 min until animal exhaustion. Twenty four hours post-physical exercise, RNA-seq protocols were performed with coverage of 30 million reads per sample, 100 pb read length, paired-end, with a list of counts totaling 12816 genes.

Results
Eighty differentially expressed genes (61 down-regulated and 19 up-regulated) were obtained. Reactome and KEGG database searches revealed the most significant pathways, for down-regulated gene set, were: PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, RAF-MAP kinase, P2Y receptors and Signaling by Erbb2. Results suggest PI3K-AKT pathway inactivation by Hbegf, Fgf1 and Fgr3 receptor regulation, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Cell signaling transcription networks were found in transcriptome. Results suggest some metabolic pathways which indicate the conditioning situation of strenuous exercise induced genes encoding apoptotic and autophagy factors, indicating cellular stress.

Conclusion
Down-regulated networks showed cell transduction and signaling pathways, with possible inhibition of cellular proliferation and cell degeneration. These findings reveal transitory and dynamic process in cell signaling transcription networks in skeletal muscle after acute strenuous exercise.
Next-Generation Sequence: A Review on Metagenomic Approach to Discovery of Novel Enzymes from the Soil Environment
Authors: Sedjoah Rita-Cindy Aye-Ayire 
Published: April 2021

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) makes a large mass of sequences. As a technology that allows the sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules larger than one million base pairs, it has been applied in the food research and medical fields. In the food sector, NGS has been used in food safety for the detection of species authenticity of food products and for mostly discovering novel industrial enzymes. The soil ecosystem houses a great number of non-culturable microbes thus novels enzymes can still be discovered to date. The conventional methods used in enzyme discovery have less chances to identify novel gene clusters and bioactivities. Therefore, there is a dire need for high-throughput technology, together with advanced bioinformatics for the search of novel enzymes or biocatalysts from soil metagenomes. This review article thus gives a summary of the progress in the application of next-generation sequencing in the identification and characterization of novel enzymes with a special focus on enzymes from the soil environment.
Evaluation of the Toxicological Profile of Commiphora opobalsamum in Wister Rats for Its Safety and Rational Use
Authors: Ahmad Mai A. Alim A. Sattar , Al-Salmi Akram A. , Kamel Fatemah O. , Khan Lateef M. 
Published: April 2021

Aim: To study acute and chronic toxicity profile of Commiphora opobalsamum (CO) in rats.
Methods: Acute oral lethal effect and single oral dose toxicity of CO was determined in rats by comparison with standard control. In contrast repeated dose oral toxicity in rats were performed in four groups of rats, CO was orally administered to three groups of rats in graded doses (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day) once daily for 14 daysVs standard control. The sub-acute toxicity of CO was observed on hematological, coagulation and biochemical parameters.
Results: Acute oral lethal dose of CO in rats was demonstrated to be safe and higher than the tested dose i.e., 2000 mg/kg, moreover, single oral dose toxicity revealed no symptoms of toxicity. Furthermore, sub-acute toxicological effect on hematological analysis of CO rats groups treated withgraded dosed after 14 days treatment revealed insignificant decrease in complete blood count (CBC)in contrast with the control group (p>0.05) additionally the biochemical parameters includedanalysis of urea, creatinine, glucose; lipid profile and thyroid function markers fairly demonstrated insignificant differences utilizing the same methodology.
Conclusion: Our current explorative study strongly substantiates that the CO extract have no significantoral toxicity in rats and even the results of 14 days oral treatment indicated that there were no obvious toxic effects at the dosage of 1000 mg/kg/day. The comprehensive sub-acute toxicological effect of CO extracts on hematological and coagulation parameters and biochemical parameters included analysis of urea, creatinine, glucose; lipid profile and thyroid function markers fairly demonstrated no significant harmful outcome even after 14 days treatment with CO.
Serum creatine kinase and creatinine in adult spinal muscular atrophy under nusinersen treatment
Authors: Freigang Maren , Wurster Claudia D. , Hagenacker Tim , Stolte Benjamin , Weiler Markus , Kamm Christoph , Schreiber‐Katz Olivia , Osmanovic Alma , Petri Susanne , Kowski Alexander , Meyer Thomas , Koch Jan C. , Cordts Isabell , Deschauer Marcus , Lingor Paul , Aust Elisa , Petzold Daniel , Ludolph Albert C. , Falkenburger Björn , Hermann Andreas , Günther René 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether serum creatine kinase activity (CK) and serum creatinine concentration (Crn) are prognostic and predictive biomarkers for disease severity, disease progression, and nusinersen treatment effects in adult patients with 5q‐associated spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).MethodsWithin this retrospective, multicenter observational study in 206 adult patients with SMA, we determined clinical subtypes (SMA types, ambulatory ability) and repeatedly measured CK and Crn and examined disease severity scores (Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded, Revised Upper Limb Module, and revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale). Patients were followed under nusinersen treatment for 18 months.ResultsCK and Crn differed between clinical subtypes and correlated strongly with disease severity scores (e.g., for Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded: (CK)ρ = 0.786/ (Crn)ρ = 0.558). During the 18 months of nusinersen treatment, CK decreased (∆CK = −17.56%,p < 0.0001), whereas Crn slightly increased (∆Crn = +4.75%,p < 0.05).InterpretationSerum creatine kinase activity and serum creatinine concentration reflect disease severity of spinal muscular atrophy and are promising biomarkers to assess patients with spinal muscular atrophy during disease course and to predict treatment response. The decrease of creatine kinase activity, combined with the tendency of creatinine concentration to increase during nusinersen treatment, suggests reduced muscle mass wasting with improved muscle energy metabolism.