bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maturational indices of the cognitive control network are associated with inhibitory control in early childhood
Authors: Berger Philipp , Friederici Angela D. , Wiesmann Charlotte Grosse 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGoal-directed behavior crucially relies on our capacity to suppress impulses and predominant behavioral responses. This ability, called inhibitory control, emerges in early childhood with marked improvements between 3 and 4 years. Here, we ask which brain structures are related to the emergence of this critical ability. Using a multimodal approach, we relate the pronounced behavioral improvements in different facets of 3-and 4-year-olds’ (N = 37, 20 female) inhibitory control to structural indices of maturation in the developing brain assessed with MRI. Our results show that cortical and subcortical structure of core regions in the adult cognitive control network, including the PFC, thalamus, and the inferior parietal cortices, are associated with early inhibitory functioning in preschool children. Probabilistic tractography revealed an association of frontoparietal (i.e., the superior longitudinal fascicle) and thalamocortical connections with early inhibitory control. Notably, these associations to brain structure were distinct for different facets of early inhibitory control, often referred to as motivational (‘hot’) and cognitive (‘cold’) inhibitory control. Our findings thus reveal the structural brain networks and connectivity related to the emergence of this core faculty of human cognition.Significance StatementThe capacity to suppress impulses and behavioral responses is crucial for goal-directed behavior. This ability, called inhibitory control, develops between the ages of 3 and 4 years. The factors behind this developmental milestone have been debated intensely for decades, however, the brain structure that underlies the emergence of inhibitory control in early childhood is largely unknown. Here, we relate the pronounced behavioral improvements in inhibitory control between 3 and 4 years with structural brain markers of grey matter and white matter maturation. Using a multimodal approach that combines analyses of cortical surface structure, subcortical structures, and white matter connectivity, our results reveal the structural brain networks and connectivity related to this core faculty of human cognition.
Allergy-induced systemic inflammation impairs tendon quality
Authors: Lehner Christine , Spitzer Gabriel , Langthaler Patrick , Jakubecova Dominika , Klein Barbara , Weissenbacher Nadja , Wagner Andrea , Gehwolf Renate , Trinka Eugen , Iglseder Bernhard , Paulweber Bernhard , Aigner Ludwig , Couillard-Després Sebastien , Weiss Richard , Tempfer Herbert , Traweger Andreas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTreatment of tendinopathies still present a major challenge, since the aetiology of the disease remains poorly understood. To determine whether the systemic inflammation accompanying predisposing factors including rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes or smoking contributes to the onset of tendinopathy, we studied the effect of a systemic inflammation induced by an allergic episode on tendon properties. To this end, we elicited an allergic response in mice by exposing them to a plant allergen and subsequently analysed both their flexor and Achilles tendons. Biomechanical testing and histological analysis revealed that tendons from allergic mice not only showed a significant reduction of both elastic modulus and tensile stress, but also alterations of the tendon matrix. Moreover, 3D tendon-like constructs treated with sera from allergic mice displayed a matrix-remodelling expression profile and the expression of macrophage-associated markers and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) was increased in allergic Achilles tendons. Analysing data from an epidemiologic study comprising data from more than 10.000 persons, we found that persons suffering from an allergic condition appeared to have an increased propensity to develop a tendinopathy.Graphical abstract
Accurately positioning functional residues with robotics-inspired computational protein design
Authors: Krivacic Cody , Kundert Kale , Pan Xingjie , Pache Roland A. , Liu Lin , Conchúir Shane O , Jeliazkov Jeliazko R. , Gray Jeffrey J. , Thompson Michael C. , Fraser James S. , Kortemme Tanja 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTAccurate positioning of functional residues is critical for the design of new protein functions, but has remained difficult because of the prevalence of irregular local geometries in active sites. Here we introduce two computational methods that build local protein geometries from sequence with atomic accuracy: fragment kinematic closure (FKIC) and loophash kinematic closure (LHKIC). FKIC and LHKIC integrate two approaches: robotics-inspired kinematics of protein backbones and insertion of peptide fragments, and show up to 140-fold improvements in native-like predictions over either approach alone. We then integrate these methods into a new design protocol, pull-into-place (PIP), to position functionally important sidechains via design of new structured loop conformations. We validate PIP by remodeling a sizeable active site region in an enzyme and confirming the engineered new conformations of two designs with crystal structures. The described methods can be applied broadly to the design of many new protein geometries and functions.
Why amyloid fibrils have a limited width
Authors: Boyer David R. , Mynhier Nikos A. , Sawaya Michael R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAmyloid fibrils can grow indefinitely long by adding protein chains to the tips of the fibril through β-sheet hydrogen bonding; however, they do not grow laterally beyond ∼10-20 nm. This prevents amyloid fibrils from growing into two-dimensional or three-dimensional arrays. The forces that restrict lateral association of β-sheets in amyloid fibrils are not immediately apparent. We hypothesize that it is the helical symmetry of amyloid fibrils that imposes the limit on fibril width by incurring an increasing separation between helically related molecules as a function of radial distance from the helical axis. The unavoidable consequence is that backbone hydrogen bonds that connect symmetrically related layers of the fibril become weaker towards the edge of the fibril, ultimately becoming too weak to remain ordered. To test our hypothesis, we examined 57 available cryo-EM amyloid fibril structures for trends in interstrand distance and β-sheet hydrogen bonding as a function of radial distance from the helical axis. We find that all fibril structures display an increase in interstrand distance as a function of radius and that most fibril structures have a discernible increase in β-sheet hydrogen bond distances as a function of radius. In addition, we identify a high resolution cryo-EM structure that does not follow our predicted hydrogen bonding trends and perform real space refinement with hydrogen bond distance and angle restraints to restore predicted hydrogen bond trends. This highlights the potential to use our analysis to ensure realistic hydrogen bonding in amyloid fibrils when atomic resolution cryo-EM maps are not available.Significance StatementThe number of amyloid fibril structures determined has exploded in recent years due to advances in structural biology techniques. However, we are still at the beginning stages of understanding amyloid fibril assembly. One important property that is critical to fibril formation and mechanical properties is the fibril width. Despite the diversity of fibril folds discovered, all amyloid fibrils are constrained to a width of 10-20 nm. Here, we use simple geometry and structural analysis to identify that the limited width of amyloid fibrils arises from the helical twist of β-sheets in amyloid fibrils. Our findings provide important considerations for the accurate modeling of hydrogen bonds in amyloid fibrils as well as for the possible prediction and design of amyloid-based nanomaterials.
Firm performance implications of supply chain integration, agility and innovation in agri-businesses: evidence from an emergent economy
Authors: Aggrey George Augustus Benjamin , Kusi Lawrence Yaw , Afum Ebenezer , Osei-Ahenkan Victoria Yaa , Norman Christine , Boateng Kenneth Boateng , Amponsah Owusu Joseph 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis study empirically examines the effect of supply chain integration (SCI) on financial performance (FP) and controls for the mediating effects of supply chain agility (SCA), supply chain (SC) innovation and operational performance (OP).Design/methodology/approachThrough a causal research design, structured questionnaires were used for primary data collection from 217 commercial poultry farms (CPFs) operating in the Bono Region of Ghana. Structural equation modeling was reflectively configured to test the formulated hypotheses.FindingsSCI causes a statistically significant moderate positive variance in OP in terms of cost-effectiveness, order fulfillment rate, operating cycle, inventory turns, business process innovation. SCI is an insignificant weak positive predictor of FP (growth in revenue, profit, return on investment, sales growth) of CPFs operating in Ghana. Furthermore, OP significantly and positively mediates the predictive relationship between SCI and FP. Again, SC innovation significantly mediates the predictive relationship between SCI and OP. However, SCA fails to significantly mediate the predictive relationship between SCI and OP.Research limitations/implicationsFocal firms' characteristics were ignored, although they may determine how SCI affects OP and FP in the presence of SCA and SC innovation.Originality/valueEmpirically, SCI has no direct impact on FP of CPFs but does so indirectly through the mediating role of OP.
Video storytelling ads vs argumentative ads: how hooking viewers enhances consumer engagement
Authors: Coker Kesha K. , Flight Richard L. , Baima Dominic M. 
Published: July 2021

PurposeDigital engagement with advertising remains challenging for marketers. This research examines “being hooked” as the mechanism of narrative transportation associated with digital video storytelling ads. Its purpose is to examine the efficacy of digital video ad format (storytelling vs argumentative) in hooking viewers (i.e. grabbing attention and interest in the ad). This research also presents a conceptual model of the effect of being hooked on digital engagement with advertising.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a quasi-experimental research design with a final sample of 273 undergraduate students. It tests the hypothesis that digital video storytelling ads hook viewers more effectively than argumentative ads do. It also tests a conceptual model of the positive effect of being hooked on digital engagement with advertising.FindingsDigital video storytelling ads hook viewers more effectively than argumentative ads do. SEM analysis shows that being hooked positively impacts intentions to view, share, promote and spread positive word of mouth. Attitude toward the ad partially mediates the relationship between being hooked and intentions to promote and spread positive word of mouth.Research limitations/implicationsFindings are applicable to target audience profiles that match the sample in this study. Despite this and other limitations, findings advance theory on the process underlying digital video storytelling advertising effects on consumer engagement.Practical implicationsMarketers are advised to invest in more digital video storytelling than argumentative ads. In doing so, marketers are more likely to hook viewers on the ad, thereby generating positive digital engagement with advertising.Originality/valueThis research focuses on attention and interest dimensions of narrative transportation as measured by “being hooked.” It also extends past models of narrative transportation by including more representative measures of digital engagement with advertising.
Production planning, monitoring and review: comparison between the practices in an urban rail transit megaproject with the Last Planner System
Authors: Belayutham Sheila , Mohamad Jaafar Rabiatul Nurul Akmar , Ismail Herda Balqis , Che Ibrahim Che Khairil Izam 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Megaprojects are typically very expensive public-centred projects that leave little space for any mismanagement or deficient planning, which could affect the project adversely. The Last Planner™ System (LPS) is a lean construction planning and control tool that functions to reduce waste and increase performance. Given the benefits, the application of the LPS in megaprojects is still scarce, especially in Malaysia. Hence, this study aims to compare the current production planning, monitoring and review practices in a megaproject with the LPS in order to explore the possibilities of adapting the LPS to the current practices.

Design/methodology/approach
This longitudinal case-based study has first explored the current practices implemented in an infrastructure megaproject, which is an urban rapid transit (URT) project, which was then compared to the standard LPS practices. The case study has adopted several research methods such as observation, interview and document review.

Findings
Findings from the study highlight that the current production planning, monitoring and review practices in the URT project mostly differs from the standard LPS practices with only slight similarities found in the major planning phases. The comparative study, which based on five reference points through master, phase, look-ahead, weekly work plan and measure, and learning has resulted in several key elements, representative of the different planning phases, such as collaborative programming, reverse planning, reliability, dependability and continuous learning.

Practical implications
This study provides an alternative perspective to rail planners, as well as other types of project planners in considering the use of the LPS to enhance the quality of planning, monitoring and review in projects. The framework that highlights the core values and key elements for the related planning phases enables project teams with no lean background to partially adapt their current practices to the LPS with minimal disruption.

Originality/value
This study first contributes to the body of knowledge, where limited study was found comparing and contrasting current production planning practices against the LPS, particularly in rail-based megaproject. The results from the comparison are the key elements representing each of the planning phases that was rooted back to the core values (teamwork, involvement and collaboration, communication and transparency, and continuous improvement) necessary to enhance the current practices.
The assessment of the impact of induction spatial effects on magnetic flux measurements of toner‐printed documents to the detection of forged or altered documents
Authors: Polston Carrie , Thompson David , Buzzini Patrick 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMagnetic flux measurements of toners can aid in the rapid differentiation of toner‐printed specimens in the context of investigations of forgeries or alterations of printed documents. However, some variables that may impact magnetic flux measurements, including hysteresis effects, are not currently well understood. This study assessed the impact of hysteresis and other induction spatial effects on magnetic flux measurements of toners analyzing five toner‐printed samples produced from different devices. The samples were printed with controlled grids of square, rectangular, and elongated rectangular blocks with the same area. Thirty measurements were conducted on each sample, on each grid type. The measurements were repeated in planes of rotation 90°, 180°, and 270° counter to this original position. The values obtained for the square grids were evaluated using one‐way ANOVA to assess the presence and impact of hysteresis effects. The values obtained for the rectangular grids were compared with those obtained for the square grids using a two‐way ANOVA to determine potential induction current orientation effects. The results of both one‐way and two‐way ANOVA were significant withp < 0.05, indicating that both hysteresis effects and induction current spatial effects contribute significantly to variations in magnetic flux measurements. Results confirmed that sensor orientation is an important factor that must be accounted for in method protocols for the measurement of magnetic flux of toners. Controlling these variables is a step forward toward the development of a reliable screening method to be deployed in the context of investigations of document forgeries or alterations.
Song variation of a native songbird in a modified habitat by invasive plant
Authors: CHEN Pan , CHEN Taiyu , LIU Bin , ZHANG Manyu , LU Changhu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHabitat structure has been considered as an important factor affecting the acoustic evolution of birds, and bird songs are increasingly affected by artificial environmental variation. Invasive plants sometimes can dramatically alter native habitats, but the song variation of native songbirds migrating into invaded habitats has received little attention. The invasion of smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora in the coastal wetlands of eastern China has drastically altered the vegetation structure and some small passerines have begun to use invaded habitats to breed. In this study, we compared the song type prevalence and the song characteristics of male plain prinia Prinia inornata to identify differences in vocal behavior between native and invaded habitats. We also tested for differences in vocal behavior in relation to singing perch and wind speed variation between different habitats. The results indicated that males of plain prinia in invaded habitats sang shorter songs than those in native habitats and had a lower song diversity. The homogeneous vegetation structure and higher wind speed in invaded habitats likely leads to males changing the traditional perched singing style. The song variation may be related to the founder effect, the alteration of vegetation structure and microclimate in invaded habitats. This finding highlights the need for better understanding the behavioral evolution of native species in the process of adapting to the invaded habitat. In the future, experimental manipulation is needed to ascertain how the invasive plant drove these vocal behavior changes of native songbirds.
Enhanced hydrogenation catalyst synthesized byDesulfovibrio desulfuricansexposed to a radio frequency magnetic field
Authors: Macaskie Lynne E. , Collins John , Mikheenko Iryna P. , Gomez‐Bolivar Jaime , Merroun Mohamed L. , Bennett James A. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryDesulfovibrio desulfuricansreduces Pd(II) to Pd(0)‐nanoparticles (Pd‐NPs) which are catalytically active in 2‐pentyne hydrogenation. To make Pd‐NPs, resting cells are challenged with Pd(II) ions (uptake), followed by addition of electron donor to promote bioreduction of cell‐bound Pd(II) to Pd(0) (bio‐Pd). Application of radiofrequency (RF) radiation to prepared 5 wt% bio‐Pd catalyst (60 W power, 60 min) increased the hydrogenation rate by 70% with no adverse impact on selectivity tocis‐2‐pentene. Such treatment of a 5 wt% Pd/carbon commercial catalyst did not affect the conversion rate but reduced the selectivity. Lower‐dose RF radiation (2–8 W power, 20 min) was applied to the bacteria at various stages before and during synthesis of the bio‐scaffolded Pd‐NPs. The reaction rate (μ mol 2‐pentyne converted s‐1) was increased by ~threefold by treatment during bacterial catalyst synthesis. Application of RF radiation (2 or 4 W power) to resting cells prior to Pd(II) exposure affected the catalyst made subsequently, increasing the reaction rate by 50% as compared to untreated cells, while nearly doubling selectivity forcis2‐pentene. The results are discussed with respect to published and related work which shows altered dispersion of the Pd‐NPs made following or during RF exposure.
Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics with age‐related Sirtuin1/Sirtuin3 deficiency impair cardiomyocyte contractility
Authors: Zhang Jingwen , He Zhibin , Fedorova Julia , Logan Cole , Bates Lauryn , Davitt Kayla , Le Van , Murphy Jiayuan , Li Melissa , Wang Mingyi , Lakatta Edward G. , Ren Di , Li Ji 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSirtuin1 (SIRT1) and Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) protects cardiac function against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mitochondria are critical in response to myocardial I/R injury as disturbance of mitochondrial dynamics contributes to cardiac dysfunction. It is hypothesized that SIRT1 and SIRT3 are critical components to maintaining mitochondria homeostasis especially mitochondrial dynamics to exert cardioprotective actions under I/R stress. The results demonstrated that deficiency of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in aged (24–26 months) mice hearts led to the exacerbated cardiac dysfunction in terms of cardiac systolic dysfunction, cardiomyocytes contractile defection, and abnormal cardiomyocyte calcium flux during I/R stress. Moreover, the deletion of SIRT1 or SIRT3 in young (4–6 months) mice hearts impair cardiomyocyte contractility and shows aging‐like cardiac dysfunction upon I/R stress, indicating the crucial role of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in protecting myocardial contractility from I/R injury. The biochemical and seahorse analysis showed that the deficiency of SIRT1/SIRT3 leads to the inactivation of AMPK and alterations in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) that causes impaired mitochondrial respiration in response to I/R stress. Furthermore, the remodeling of the mitochondria network goes together with hypoxic stress, and mitochondria undergo the processes of fusion with the increasing elongated branches during hypoxia. The transmission electron microscope data showed that cardiac SIRT1/SIRT3 deficiency in aging alters mitochondrial morphology characterized by the impairment of mitochondria fusion under I/R stress. Thus, the age‐related deficiency of SIRT1/SIRT3 in the heart affects mitochondrial dynamics and respiration function that resulting in the impaired contractile function of cardiomyocytes in response to I/R.
Δ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol promotes functional remyelination in the mouse brain
Authors: Aguado Tania , Huerga‐Gómez Alba , Sánchez‐de la Torre Aníbal , Resel Eva , Chara Juan Carlos , Matute Carlos , Mato Susana , Galve‐Roperh Ismael , Guzman Manuel , Palazuelos Javier 
Published: July 2021

Background and purposeResearch on demyelinating disorders aims to find novel molecules that are able to induce oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation to promote central nervous system remyelination and functional recovery. Δ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the most prominent active constituent of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, confers neuroprotection in animal models of demyelination. However, the possible effect of THC on myelin repair has never been studied.Experimental approachBy using oligodendroglia‐specific reporter mouse lines in combination with two models of toxin‐induced demyelination, we analysed the effect of THC on the processes of oligodendrocyte regeneration and functional remyelination.Key resultsWe show that THC administration enhanced oligodendrocyte regeneration, white matter remyelination and motor function recovery. THC also promoted axonal remyelination in organotypic cerebellar cultures. THC remyelinating action relied on the induction of oligodendrocyte precursor differentiation upon cell cycle exit and via CB1 cannabinoid receptor activation.Conclusions and implicationsOverall, our study identifies THC administration as a promising pharmacological strategy aimed to promote functional CNS remyelination in demyelinating disorders.