bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Green Hybrid Fillers Loading on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Vinyl Ester Composites
Authors: Nagaraj Nagaprasad , Venkataraman VigneshVenkataraman , NB Karthik Babu , Balasubramaniam Stalin , Jule Leta Tesfaye , Ramaswamy Krishnaraj , Ramaswamy Shanmugam , L Priyanka Dwarampudi , Ahmad Rashedi , Subramanian Kumaran 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The need of eco-friendly materials has been attracted due to renewability, abundance availability, low cost, and so on. Therefore, the search for bio fillers for the production of bio-based composite materials is gaining more and more attention in both academic and industry circles because it promotes sustainability. The present study represents the utilization of biomass solid waste in the hybrid form of tamarind seed and date seed powder into polymer reinforced composite which has been explored for the first time by a compression molding technique. These fillers are bio-waste that can be obtained at a minimal cost from renewable sources. An attempt has been made to use these hybrid fillers to reinforce with the matrix ranging from 0 to 50 wt.%, and their physical, mechanical, and thermal properties were investigated. In general, the inclusion of hybrid fillers increases mechanical properties, although the addition of hybrid fillers had only a minor impact on thermal properties. When compared to the pure vinyl ester resin, the hybrid fillers reinforced composites revealed a significant improvement in tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness properties, with improvements of 1.51 times, 1.44 times, 1.87 times, and 1.46 times respectively, at 10 wt.% filler loading. Filler matrix interaction of fractured mechanical testing samples was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. Based on the findings, hybrid filler reinforced composites may be suitable for applications where cost is a consideration and where minor compromises in thermal qualities are acceptable.
Workload, Work Engagement and Job Size – How Physicians’ Decision to Work Less Is Influenced by the Work-Related State of Mind.
Authors: Jung Franziska , Bodendieck Erik , Bleckwenn Markus , Hussenöder Felix , Luppa Melanie , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: According to new estimates, the health care sector will suffer a shortage of physicians in primary and specialty care. In this context, work engagement and burnout are two constructs that have gained attention recently. The aim of this study was to investigate how these constructs are related to job size preference.Method: The present study is based on the baseline survey of the long-term study of physicians with different specialties, in which 1,001 physicians took part (response rate: 33.4%). Workload was measured using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory adapted for health care professionals; work engagement was assessed using the Utrecht Work Engagement scale. Data analyses includes regression and mediation models.Results: Overall, 297 out of 725 physicians plan to reduce their job size. Several reasons - such as workload - are discussed. Multiple regression analyses show that job size reduction is significantly linked to all three dimensions of workload (p<0.001) as well as work engagement (p=0.001). In addition, work engagement significantly mediates the relationship between workload on job size reduction (patient-related: b= −0.135, p<0.001; work-related: b= −0.190, p<0.001; personal: b= −0.133, p<0.001 ).Discussion: Physicians that tend to reduce working hours exhibit different levels of work engagement as well as workload (personal, patient- and work-related). Moreover, work engagement is acting as a mediator, influencing the relationship between workload and job size reduction. Therefore, interventions that increase work engagement may buffer negative effects of workload on job size changes.
Wrapped Into Sound: Development of the Immersive Audio Quality Inventory (IAQI)
Authors: Wycisk Yves , Sander Kilian , Kopiez Reinhard , Platz Friedrich , Bergner Jakob , Preihs Stephan , Peissig Jürgen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Although virtual reality, video entertainment, and computer games are dependent on the three-dimensional reproduction of sound (including front, rear, and height channels), it remains unclear whether 3D-audio formats actually intensify the emotional listening experience. There is currently no valid inventory for the objective measurement of immersive listening experiences resulting from audio playback formats with decreasing degrees of immersion (from mono to stereo, 5.1, and 3D). The development of the Immersive Audio Quality Inventory (IAQI) could close this gap. An initial item list (N = 25) was derived from studies in virtual reality and spatial audio, supplemented by researcher-developed items and items extracted from historical descriptions. Psychometric evaluation was conducted by an online study (N = 222 valid cases). Based on controlled headphone playback, participants listened to four songs/pieces, each in the three formats of mono, stereo, and binaural 3D audio. The latent construct “immersive listening experience” was determined by probabilistic test theory (item response theory, IRT) and by means of the many-facet Rasch measurement (MFRM). As a result, the specified MFRM model showed good model fit (62.69% of explained variance). The final one-dimensional inventory consists of 10 items and will be made available in English and German.
TMS-Evoked Prefrontal Perturbation as a Toy Model of Brain Resilience to Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Perellón-Alfonso Ruben , Redondo-Camós María , Abellaneda-Pérez Kilian , Cattaneo Gabriele , Delgado-Gallén Selma , España-Irla Goretti , Sánchez Javier Solana , Tormos José María , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Bartrés-Faz David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Psychosocial hardships associated with the COVID-19 pandemic led many individuals to suffer adverse mental health consequences, however, others show no negative effects. We hypothesized that the electroencephalographic (EEG) response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) could serve as a toy-model of an individual’s capacity to resist psychological stress, in this case linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed data from 74 participants who underwent mental health monitoring and concurrent electroencephalography with transcranial magnetic stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) and left inferior parietal lobule (L-IPL). Within the following 19 months, mental health was reassessed at three time points during lock-down confinement and different phases of de-escalation in Spain. Compared with participants who remained stable, those who experienced increased mental distress showed, months earlier, significantly larger late EEG responses locally after L-DLPFC stimulation (but not globally nor after L-IPL stimulation). This response, together with years of formal education, was significantly predictive of mental health status during the pandemic. These findings reveal that the effect of TMS perturbation offers a predictive toy model of psychosocial stress resilience, as exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, and point to the L-DLPFC as a promising target for resilience promotion.
Interactions Between Glossina Pallidipes Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus and Tsetse Endosymbionts in Wild Tsetse Populations
Authors: Dieng Mouhamadou M. , Augustinos Antonios A. , Demirbas-Uzel Güler , Doudoumis Vangelis , Parker Andrew G. , Tsiamis George , Mach Robert L. , Bourtzis Kostas , Abd-Alla Adly 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTherefore, tsetse control is considered an effective and sustainable tactic for the control of cyclically transmitted trypanosomosis in the absence of effective vaccines and inexpensive, effective drugs. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is currently used to eliminate tsetse fly populations in an area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) context in Senegal. For SIT, tsetse mass-rearing is a major milestone that associated microbes can influence. Tsetse flies can be infected with micro-organisms, including the primary and obligate Wigglesworthia glossinidia, the commensal Sodalis glossinidius, and Wolbachia pipientis. In addition, tsetse populations often carry a pathogenic DNA virus, the Glossina pallidipes Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus (GpSGHV) that hinders tsetse fertility and fecundity. Interactions between symbionts and pathogens might affect the performance of the insect host. MethodsIn the present study, we assessed the possible interaction of GpSGHV and tsetse endosymbionts under field conditions to decipher the bidirectional interactions in different Glossina species. We determined the co-infection pattern of GpSGHV and Wolbachia in natural tsetse populations. We further analyzed the interaction of both Wolbachia and GpSGHV infection with Sodalis and Wigglesworthia density using qPCR. ResultsThe results indicated that the co-infection of GpSGHV and Wolbachia was most prevalent in Glossina austeni and Glossina morsitans morsitans, with an explicit significant negative correlation between GpSGHV and Wigglesworthia infection. GpSGHV infection levels of more than 104 were not observed when Wolbachia infection was present at high density (>108.5), suggesting a potential protective role of Wolbachia against GpSGHV. ConclusionThe result indicates that Wolbachia infection might protect tsetse fly against GpSGHV and the interactions between the tsetse host and its associated microbes are dynamic, likely species-specific and significant differences may exist between laboratory and field conditions.
DeepQGHO: Quantized Greedy Hyperparameter Optimization in Deep Neural Networks for on-the-fly Learning
Authors: Chowdhury Anjir Ahmed , Hossen Md Abir , Azam Md Ali , Rahman Md. Hafizur 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Hyperparameter optimization or tuning plays a significant role in the performance and reliability of deep learning (DL). Many hyperparameter optimization algorithms have been developed for obtaining better validation accuracy in DL training. Most state-of-the-art hyperparameters are computationally expensive due to a focus on validation accuracy. Therefore, they are unsuitable for online or on-the-fly training applications which require computational efficiency. In this paper, we develop a novel greedy approach-based hyperparameter optimization (GHO) algorithm for faster training applications, e.g., on-the-fly training. We perform an empirical study to compute the performance such as computation time and energy consumption of the GHO and compare it with two state-of-the-art hyperparameter optimization algorithms. We also deploy the GHO algorithm in an edge device to validate the performance of our algorithm. We perform post-training quantization to the GHO algorithm to reduce inference time and latency.
A Determination Method of Rainfall Type Based on Rainfall-Induced Slope Instability
Authors: ZHANG Yafen , ZHU Yulong , YAN Xiaoyu , LI Shu , YU Qijing , WANG Yidan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This work presents a determination method of rainfall types based on rainfall-induced slope instability to eliminate the current dilemma of the inconsistent classification of rainfall types. Firstly, 5,808 scenarios of slope instability are simulated with 11 kinds of soil properties under 528 designed intensity-duration (I−D) conditions. Then through analysis of the I−D conditions when slope failure occurred, rainfall is classified into two types: short-duration − high-intensity (SH) type, and long-duration − low-intensity (LL) type. According to the analysis results, it indicates that rainfall types affect the initiation of slope failure, i.e., different I−D conditions will affect the slope failure initiation under LL type rainfall, while the slope failure initiation will not be affected by the change of I−D conditions under SH type rainfall. In addition, the results show that the classification of rainfall types does not depend on the soil shear strength parameters (cohesion and internal friction angle), although the change of soil shear strength parameters will cause the shift of threshold curve of slope failure in the I−D conditions two-dimensional (2D) plane. The findings in this study benefit to understanding the effect of rainfall type on the mechanism of slope failure initiation, which will promote the development of an early warning system of slope failure in the future by considering the identification of rainfall types.
First Sounds from Mars
Authors: Maurice sylvestre , Chide Baptiste , Murdoch Naomi , Lorenz Ralph , Mimoun David , Wiens Roger , Stott Alexander , Jacob Xavier , Bertrand Tanguy , Montmessin Franck , Lanza Nina , Llamas Cesar Alvarez , Angel S. M. , Aung M. , Balaram J. , Beyssac Olivier , Cousin Agnès , Delory Greg , Forni Olivier , Fouchet Thierry , Gasnault Olivier , Grip Havard , hecht Mike , Hoffman Jeff , Laserna Javier , Lasue Jérémie , Maki Justin , McClean John , Meslin Pierre-Yves , Mouélic Stéphane Le , Munguira Asier , Newman Claire , Rodriguez-Manfredi Jose , Moros Javier , Pilleri Paolo , Schroeder Susanne , Torre Manuel de la , Ollila Ann , Tzanetos Thoedore , Farley Ken , Stack Kathryn , Williford Ken 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Examining Infant and Young children feeding (IYCF) practice and its determinant factors among mothers who gave birth in the last two years, Ethiopia Community-based cross-sectional study design
Authors: Chimdessa Ayana , Bekele Tokuma 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The first two years of life are critical stages for a child’s growth and development. However, globally, 60% of the infant and young child deaths reported due to inappropriate infant feeding practices and infectious disease, where two-thirds of these deaths are attributable to sub-optimal breastfeeding practices. Methods and materials-community-based cross-sectional study design was employed from February to March 2020 in Jima Rare district, Ethiopia. The stratified sampling and simple random sampling were employed to recruit participants into the study. Data was collected by using semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. And data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results- The actual feeding practice style among the respondents had been assessed by using eight core indicators of infant and child feeding practice of the WHO. The finding revealed that (initiated breastfeeding within one-hour after birth 78%), (66.7% and 33.4% exclusive breastfeeding at 6 and 4-5months), respectively. About 11.8% of mothers continued breastfeeding at 2 years. About 33.4% and 66.7% of mothers started introducing solid, semi-solid or soft foods at 4 to 5 months at 6 months and above), respectively. The overall, proportion of children age 6- 23 months who met minimum meal frequency and dietary diversity accounts for 51.2%, 49.9% respectively. About half proportion (49.9%) of children age 6- 23 months fit for the minimum acceptable diet. The multivariate analysis finding shows that mothers who gave birth at health institutions, get help from their husband, had received practical support of IYCF practices, counseling during ANC and/or PNC visit and households who have agricultural land and radio were more likely to carryout appropriate IYCF practices than their comparable groups. Conclusion-the result suggests that the overall appropriate infant and young child feeding practice was low. Hence, initiatives and interventions should focus on advocacy for institutional delivery, counselling and practical support for IYCF practice. Special attention needs to be given for young and illiterate mothers. Moreover, attention need to address to empower women to have autonomy of decision-making and control power over assets to support them for appropriate IYCF practices.
Defining The Best-Fit Machine Learning Classifier Prediction Model For Diagnosis of Heart Disease
Authors: Roy Debarati Dey , De Debashis 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cardio vascular disease or alternatively heart disease is the primitive cause of death all around the world. Last few decades, it was observed that maximum death cases occurred due to heart failure. The heart failure death cases are associated with many risk factors for example high blood pressure, cholesterol level, sugar level etcetera. Therefore, it is advisable that regular and early diagnosis of these factors may reduce the risk of heart failure and hence achieve prompt disease management service. A commonly used technique to process these enormous medical data is called data mining, which help the researchers in health care domain. Several machine learning algorithms are used to analyses these data and help to design the best-fit model for early detection of heart diseases. This research paper contributes various attributes related to heart mal functioning and build the best-fit model using supervised learning algorithm such as various tree (fine tree, medium tree etc), Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Coarse KNN, Medium Gaussian SVM algorithms. In this paper, we used the data set from Kaggle.com. These data set comprises with total 732 instances along with 5 attributes. All these 5 attributes are to be considered for testing purpose and also to find out the best fit model for prediction of heart disease. In this research article we also compare the various classification models based on supervised learning algorithms. Based on the performance and accuracy rate we therefore, choose ‘Medium Tree’ model as the best-fit model. Maximum accuracy is obtained for ‘Medium Tree’ model. The confusion matrix for each model are calculated and analyze.
Biorefinery Cascade Processing For Converting Corncob To Xylooligosaccharides And Glucose By Maleic Acid Pretreatment
Authors: Zhang Qibo , Nawaz Ali , Jiang Kankan , Zhou Xin , Xu Yong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Corncob as an abundance and low-cost waste resource has received increasing attention to produce value added chemicals, it is rich in xylan and regarded as the most preferable feedstock for preparing xylooligosaccharides, which possesses highly commercial value due to a range of health benefits. The strategy with xylooligosaccharides as core products can cut costs and improve economic efficiency of biorefinery. Therefore, a cascade processing for converting corncob to xylooligosaccharides and glucose by sequential maleic acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis was design. Based on overarching aim of this study that maximally yielding xylooligosaccharides, corncob was first subjected to response surface methodology experimental procedure for optimizing the conditions. Correspondingly, a maximum xylooligosaccharides yield of 52.9% was achieved with 0.5% maleic acid at 155 °C for 26 min. Maleic acid, a non-toxic and edible catalyst, was able to effectively hydrolyze xylan into xylooligosaccharides and simultaneously generate a positive pretreated effect for improve the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. Finally, an enzymatic hydrolysis yield of 87.5% was achieved from maleic acid-treated corncob at 10% solids loading. This cascade processing may provide a novel strategy for the other biomass wastes utilization.
Investigation on the Site of Coronal Deformities in Hallux Valgus
Authors: WEI Rachel Xiaoyu , KO Violet Man-Chi , Chui Elvis Chun-Sing , FU Bruma Sai-Chuen , HUNG Vivian Wing-Yin , YUNG Patrick Shu-Hang , LING Samuel Ka-Kin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHallux valgus (HV) is a common foot deformity that is more prevalent in females, characterised by abnormal adduction of the first metatarsal (MT) and valgus deviation of phalanx on the transverse plane. Increasing evidence indicates that HV is more than a 2D deformity but a 3D one with rotational malalignment. Pronation deformity is seen during clinical examination for HV patients, but the exact origin of this rotational deformity is still unknown. Some attribute it first tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint rotation, while others attribute it to intra-metatarsal bony torsion. In addition, the correlation between the rotational and transverse plane deformity is inconclusive. Identifying the origin of the rotational deformity will help surgeons choose the optimal surgical procedure while also enhancing our understanding of the pathophysiology of Hallux valgus.ObjectiveThis study aims to (1) develop an objective method for measuring the first MT torsion and first TMT joint rotation; (2) investigate the exact location of the coronal deformity in HV; (3) investigate the relationship between the severity of deformity on the transverse and coronal planes as well as the correlation between deformity severity and foot function/symptoms in HV.MethodsAge-matched females with and without HV were recruited at Foot and Ankle Clinic of the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Computed tomography was conducted for all subjects with additional weight-bearing dorsal-plantar X-ray examination for HV subjects. Demographic information of all subjects was recorded, and foot function was evaluated. Intra-class correlation was used to explore the relationship between deformities on different planes and the deformity severity and functional outcomes, respectively. Independent t-test was used to compare joint rotation degrees and bone torsion degrees.ResultsHallux Valgus patients had more TMT joint rotation but not MT torsion compared to normal controls. TMT joint rotation is significantly correlated with foot functions. No relationship was found between the coronal rotation and the 1,2-intermetatarsal angle (IMA) or Hallux valgus angle (HVA) on the transverse plane.ConclusionOur results indicate that coronal deformities in HV may originate from TMT joint rotation. In addition, the severity of the TMT joint coronal rotation correlates with worse foot function; thus, multi-plane assessment and examination will be important for more precise surgical correction in the future.
Cross-cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Validity of the Cantonese-Chinese Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT-HK)
Authors: Ling Samuel Ka-Kin , Hui Jasmine Yat-Ning , Tong Anson Hei-Ka , Chui Vivian Wai-Ting , Fong Daniel Tik-Pui , Chau Wai-Wang , Yung Patrick Shu-Hang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.