bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
David Otero: La libertad es para utilizarla bien y “trabajarse como persona”
Authors: Padres y Maestros  
Published: March 2021

En el mundo educativo es bueno tener los ojos bien abiertos. Mirar desde dentro y, por supuesto, desde fuera. Por este motivo presentamos en este artículo, la mirada de David Otero (Madrid, 1980) sobre la educación. David, conocido por muchos, es cantante, guitarrista, compositor y padre de dos hijos. Fue miembro del grupo de pop-rock El Canto del Loco (1994-2010). A partir de la disolución de uno de los grupos más importantes del panorama español, continuó su carrera en solitario como El Pescao. En la actualidad, y desde 2017, su música sigue muy vigente con discos como “David Otero”, “1980” y “Otero y yo”. Además, hace dos años, lanzó su primer libro Precipicio al mar (Aguilar, 2019). Nos complace contar con la mirada de David. Una mirada sensata, a veces tímida, sincera y espontánea.
Entrevista a David Otero - Revista Padres y Maestros - Universidad Pontificia Comillas
Numéro 161 - mars 2021
Authors: Carpantier Jean-François 
Published: March 2021

L’or est étroitement mêlé à l’histoire des hommes, étant tour à tour chair des dieux égyptiens, matière des premières pièces de monnaie, promesse de liberté lors des ruées vers l'or et ancrage du système monétaire international. Aujourd’hui, alors qu’il ne joue plus de rôle officiel dans nos systèmes monétaires, l’or continue de susciter l’intérêt des investisseurs.
En août 2020, le prix de l’or a atteint un nouveau sommet en dépassant ponctuellement les 2.000 dollars l’once. L’investissement est tentant. Les vertus présumées de l’or sont multiples. Certains y voient un refuge lorsque le climat économico-financier se dégrade, d’autres une couverture contre les fluctuations du dollar américain, d’autres un moyen de se protéger de l’inflation. Et justement, les craintes d'un retour de l'inflation ressurgissent, au vu des niveaux d'endettement de nos économies.
Dans ce numéro de Regards économiques, nous testons la validité de cette dernière vertu : la propriété qu'aurait l'or de protéger contre l’inflation. L’originalité de notre approche est non pas d’évaluer la capacité propre de l’or à préserver le pouvoir d’achat, mais plutôt sa performance relative par rapport à d’autres matières premières que sont, par exemple, le pétrole, le cuivre ou le blé. En nous appuyant sur différentes techniques statistiques, nous montrons que la réputation de l'or est surfaite, l'or n'étant pas plus apte à protéger contre l’inflation que ne l’est le maïs, le nickel, le pétrole ou toute autre matière première.
Geotechnical profiling of a surface mine waste dump using 2D Wenner–Schlumberger configuration
Authors: Supandi Supandi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Mapping the subsurface in slope stability analysis of disposal areas is difficult, especially the disposal layering materials that are assumed to be homogeneous instead of their real conditions. Moreover, the hoarding activities on high slope form layers based on the nature of the rock mechanics with large materials or boulders rolling down to the toe of the slope, while small ones are held at the top. Each layer formed, however, has certain geotechnical characteristics. The aim of this study is to determine the profiling of disposal material using a geoelectrical method known as Wenner–Schlumberger configuration with a line length of 450 m and also to find the resistivity value for mine waste materials based on an empirical number, which is a number that is obtained from the result reading compared to the actual condition in the field. The study was conducted on an in-pit dump with an estimated height of 150 m and a thickness of 50 m, and the data obtained were processed using RES2DINV software. The results showed that the subsurface cross-section has three layers consisting of bedrock with a resistivity of 50–70 Ωm, contact zone with 30–50 Ωm, and disposal material layer with 1–30 Ωm, which can be used for the slope stability analysis. This concept is very helpful for the geotechnical analysis on high mine waste dumps or sloping basement zone. This study focuses on the resistivity value for waste dump materials, which has not been clearly mentioned in the previous studies.
On successive linearization method for differential equations with nonlinear conditions
Authors: Khidir Ahmed A. , Aljohani Abdulrahman F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a new technique for solving linear and nonlinear boundary value problems subject to linear or nonlinear conditions. The technique is based on the blending of the Chebyshev pseudospectral method. The rapid convergence and effectiveness are verified by several linear and nonlinear examples, and results are compared with the exact solutions. Our results show a remarkable improvement in the convergence of the results when compared with exact solutions.
Euxanthone inhibits traumatic spinal cord injury via anti-oxidative stress and suppression of p38 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in a rat model
Authors: Yao Rubin , Ren Lirong , Wang Shiyong , Zhang Ming , Yang Kaishun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Owing to neurite promoting, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Euxanthone (Eux), the investigation was aimed to probe the neuroprotective efficacy of Eux against traumatic spinal cord injury (t-SCI) in rats and whether Eux can improve neuropathic function in t-SCI.

Method
Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized in – Sham, t-SCI, Eux30, and Eux60 (t-SCI + 30 and 60 mg/kg respectively). Animals with compression force-induced t-SCI were subjected to estimation of locomotor functions. Spinal cord water content and Evans blue (EB) effusion were determined for quantifying edema and intactness of the spinal cord. Oxidative stress and immunochemical markers were quantified by ELISA and western blotting.

Results
Findings revealed that Eux60 group animals had greater Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) and (incline plane test) IPT score indicating improved locomotor functions. There was a reduction in the spinal edema and water content after Eux treatment, together with lowering of oxidative stress markers. The expression of IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, caspase-3, RANKL, TLR4, NF-κB, p-38, PI3K, and Akt in spinal cord tissues of t-SCI-induced rats was lowered after Eux treatment.

Conclusion
Overall, the investigation advocates that Eux attenuates t-SCI and associated inflammation, oxidative damage, and resulting apoptosis via modulation of TLR4/NF-κB/p38 and PI3K/Akt signaling cascade.
Realization of System Robustness by Clustering to Predict New Product Performance Levels
Authors: Eddy Douglas , Krishnamurty Sundar , Grosse Ian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Final test metrics that evaluate product system performance usually depend upon numerous variables, such as dimensions or other characteristics of parts and assemblies. Many product systems are expensively comprised of numerous parts. Therefore, during new product system development, the challenge becomes how to rapidly learn estimated system results from combinations of many variables at the smallest possible sample size to minimize cost and improve product quality. In this work, we introduce a fundamental Vector-Based Clustering technique to predict a cluster range of system test results for comparison to other machine learning techniques in a commercial software tool. This work expands to include two additional techniques that account for significance among many variables. All three of these techniques were tested and compared to the machine learning algorithm from a commercial tool best suited for each training set from a high dimensional open-source data set representative of manufacturing system data. These case study results show improvement in predictive accuracy over many prevalent machine learning techniques at small sample sizes. Furthermore, since a best-suited machine learning technique is selected by trial and error for each training set, the computational time is significantly improved as well.
An Implanted Vestibular Prosthesis Improves Spatial Orientation in Animals with Severe Vestibular Damage
Authors: Karmali Faisal , Haburcakova Csilla , Gong Wangsong , Della Santina Charles C. , Merfeld Daniel M. , Lewis Richard F. 
Published: March 2021

Gravity is a pervasive environmental stimulus, and accurate graviception is required for optimal spatial orientation and postural stability. The primary graviceptors are the vestibular organs, which include angular velocity (semicircular canals) and linear acceleration (otolith organs) sensors. Graviception is degraded in patients with vestibular damage, resulting in spatial misperception and imbalance. Since minimal therapy is available for these patients, substantial effort has focused on developing a vestibular prosthesis or vestibular implant (VI) that reproduces information normally provided by the canals (since reproducing otolith function is very challenging technically). Prior studies demonstrated that angular eye velocity responses could be driven by canal VI-mediated angular head velocity information, but it remains unknown whether a canal VI could improve spatial perception and posture since these behaviors require accurate estimates of angular head position in space relative to gravity. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a canal VI that transduces angular head velocity and provides this information to the brain via motion-modulated electrical stimulation of canal afferent nerves could improve the perception of angular head position relative to gravity in monkeys with severe vestibular damage. Using a subjective visual vertical task, we found that normal female monkeys accurately sensed the orientation of the head relative to gravity during dynamic tilts, that this ability was degraded following bilateral vestibular damage, and improved when the canal VI was used. These results demonstrate that a canal VI can improve graviception in vestibulopathic animals, suggesting that it could reduce the disabling perceptual and postural deficits experienced by patients with severe vestibular damage.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPatients with vestibular damage experience impaired vision, spatial perception, and balance, symptoms that could potentially respond to a vestibular implant (VI). Anatomic features facilitate semicircular canal (angular velocity) prosthetics but inhibit approaches with the otolith (linear acceleration) organs, and canal VIs that sense angular head velocity can generate compensatory eye velocity responses in vestibulopathic subjects. Can the brain use canal VI head velocity information to improve estimates of head orientation (e.g., head position relative to gravity), which is a prerequisite for accurate spatial perception and posture? Here we show that a canal VI can improve the perception of head orientation in vestibulopathic monkeys, results that are highly significant because they suggest that VIs mimicking canal function can improve spatial orientation and balance in vestibulopathic patients.
Reduced Repetition Suppression in Aging is Driven by Tau–Related Hyperactivity in Medial Temporal Lobe
Authors: Adams Jenna N. , Maass Anne , Berron David , Harrison Theresa M. , Baker Suzanne L. , Thomas Wesley P. , Stanfill Morgan , Jagust William J. 
Published: March 2021

Tau deposition begins in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and MTL neural dysfunction is commonly observed in these groups. However, the association between tau and MTL neural activity has not been fully characterized. We investigated the effects of tau on repetition suppression, the reduction of activity for repeated stimulus presentations compared to novel stimuli. We used task-based functional MRI (fMRI) to assess MTL subregional activity in 21 young adults (YA) and 45 cognitively normal human older adults (OA; total sample: 37 females, 29 males). AD pathology was measured with position emission tomography (PET), using18F-Flortaucipir for tau and11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) for amyloid-β (Aβ). The MTL was segmented into six subregions using high-resolution structural images. We compared the effects of low tau pathology, restricted to entorhinal cortex and hippocampus (Tau– OA), to high tau pathology, also occurring in temporal and limbic regions (Tau+ OA). Low levels of tau (Tau– OA vs YA) were associated with reduced repetition suppression activity specifically in anterolateral entorhinal cortex (alEC) and hippocampus, the first regions to accumulate tau. High tau pathology (Tau+ vs Tau– OA) was associated with widespread reductions in repetition suppression across MTL. Further analyses indicated that reduced repetition suppression was driven by hyperactivity to repeated stimuli, rather than decreased activity to novel stimuli. Increased activation was associated with entorhinal tau, but not Aβ. These findings reveal a link between tau deposition and neural dysfunction in MTL, in which tau-related hyperactivity prevents deactivation to repeated stimuli, leading to reduced repetition suppression.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAbnormal neural activity occurs in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because tau pathology first deposits in the MTL in aging, this altered activity may be due to local tau pathology, and distinct MTL subregions may be differentially vulnerable. We demonstrate that in older adults (OAs) with low tau pathology, there are focal alterations in activity in MTL subregions that first develop tau pathology, while OAs with high tau pathology have aberrant activity throughout MTL. Tau was associated with hyperactivity to repeated stimulus presentations, leading to reduced repetition suppression, the discrimination between novel and repeated stimuli. Our data suggest that tau deposition is related to abnormal activity in MTL before the onset of cognitive decline.
The Cultural Messages of Pyramid House in Palembang
Authors: Bungsu Ario , Triyanto Triyanto , Rohendi Rohidi Tjetjep 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Pyramid House in Palembang is one of the works of art that is still very interesting to be researched today. The problem raised in this study aims to analyze the cultural message of the Pyramid House in Palembang. The method used is a qualitative method with a case study research design. The data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and document study. The results showed that in the manufacture of the Pyramid house, the main construction of traditional buildings used wood construction and a stilt system. The foundation used the construction of piles, the walls used boards, the roof used a leaf or shingle roof. The core parts consisted of the roof of the house, the door, the window, the stairs, and the floor of the house. In general, the typical architectural form of the Pyramid House, namely, the roof was shaped like a severed pyramid. Besides, the uniqueness of the house located in its multi-storey shape (kijing) and the walls were made of wood shaped like planks. Then related to the house name Pyramid, it contained two special meanings, namely, Five and Gold. The word five means the number five, while gold means the precious metal of great value. This is also a symbol of the function of the Pyramid house.
Machine Learning for Accurate Intraoperative Pediatric Middle Ear Effusion Diagnosis
Authors: Crowson Matthew G. , Hartnick Christopher J. , Diercks Gillian R. , Gallagher Thomas Q. , Fracchia Mary S. , Setlur Jennifer , Cohen Michael S. 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVES:
Misdiagnosis of acute and chronic otitis media in children can result in significant consequences from either undertreatment or overtreatment. Our objective was to develop and train an artificial intelligence algorithm to accurately predict the presence of middle ear effusion in pediatric patients presenting to the operating room for myringotomy and tube placement.

METHODS:
We trained a neural network to classify images as “ normal” (no effusion) or “abnormal” (effusion present) using tympanic membrane images from children taken to the operating room with the intent of performing myringotomy and possible tube placement for recurrent acute otitis media or otitis media with effusion. Model performance was tested on held-out cases and fivefold cross-validation.

RESULTS:
The mean training time for the neural network model was 76.0 (SD ± 0.01) seconds. Our model approach achieved a mean image classification accuracy of 83.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 82.7–84.8). In support of this classification accuracy, the model produced an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve performance of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91–0.94) and F1-score of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.77–0.82).

CONCLUSIONS:
Artificial intelligence–assisted diagnosis of acute or chronic otitis media in children may generate value for patients, families, and the health care system by improving point-of-care diagnostic accuracy. With a small training data set composed of intraoperative images obtained at time of tympanostomy tube insertion, our neural network was accurate in predicting the presence of a middle ear effusion in pediatric ear cases. This diagnostic accuracy performance is considerably higher than human-expert otoscopy-based diagnostic performance reported in previous studies.
Education Empowerment of Madrasah at Fisherman Society in Suku Laut Kuala Tungkal Jambi
Authors: Jailani M. Syahran , Harun Makmur Haji 
Published: March 2021

This study is aimed at revealing how is the Empowerment Education of Madrasah at Fisherman village Suku Laut Kuala Tungkal Jambi Province. Islamic schools are generally born from the initiation of society as a form of concern for the condition of the people, especially children in understanding the special religion of Islam as a matter of doubt. This research is conducted by using qualitative approach, where the stage is based on the opinion of Spradley . Data collection methods and data validity refer to Denzin and Lincoln and Guba. Result search, Islamic schools gait has contributed greatly to this country not only in providing a religious understanding, but also in participating to educate the children of the nation through the educational process that has lasted tens or even hundreds of years. In its journey, the empowerment of Islamic schools experienced various dynamics, commitment of Islamic school leadership, public awareness and supporting efforts became the issue that made Islamic schools hard to develop as expected.
Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) Model: Encouraging the Enhancement of Reasoning Ability and the Advanced Mathematical Thinking (AMT)
Authors: Rahmadhani Elfi , Wahyuni Septia 
Published: March 2021

This article was written aiming to look at the application of the model Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) in enhancing reasoning ability and the Advanced Mathematical Thinking (AMT) of students. This research is an experimental study with a quantitative approach and Randomized Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design research design. The sample in this study were students of class XI.1 who became an experimental class by giving treatment in the form of learning model Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) and class XI.2 students as a control class by giving treatment using conventional learning. The instruments in this study were tests in the form of pretest and posttest which were used to see the improvement of reasoning ability and the Advanced Mathematical Thinking (AMT) of students. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the model Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) can improve students' reasoning abilities and the Advanced Mathematical Thinking (AMT). For reasoning ability, the average N-gain of the experimental class is 0.76 while the N-gain for the control class is 0.13, while for Advanced Mathematical Thinking (AMT) the average N-gain of the experimental class is 0.66 while the N-gain for the control class is 0.49.
Modelling and optimisation of chitosan anchored titanium dioxide nano-adsorbent for dairy industry effluent treatment
Authors: Dinesha B.L. , Hiregoudar S. , Nidoni U. , Ramappa K.T. , Dandekar A.T. , Ravi M.V. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe present study emphasised the efficiency of chitosan anchored titanium dioxide nano-adsorbent on dairy industry effluent treatment. Chitosan titanium dioxide nano-adsorbent was synthesised by using chemical precipitation method and characterised for its particle size, surface morphology and texture. A four-factor-three-level Box–Behnken design along with response surface methodology was used to optimise the adsorption process parameters. Linear, two factor interaction, quadratic and cubic model techniques were used to demonstrate the influence of each parameter and their interaction effects on the responses. The quadratic models derived from the experimental data were used to predict the maximum per cent reduction of biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The optimised treatment combination for maximum per cent reduction in BOD (90.48%) and COD (82.10%) was found to be initial concentration of 100 mg L−1, pH of 7, dosage of 1.25 mg L−1 and contact time of 100 min.
Population size and trend, and habitat selection of Common Moorhens (Gallinula chloropus) in Oslo and Akershus, southeastern Norway
Authors: Dale Svein 
Published: March 2021

Cover photo: Common Moorhen. Photo: Arild Breistøl.
The Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus is listed as vulnerable (VU) in Norway due to a small population size (estimated at 110–215 pairs in 2015). The population size is considered stable. More than one quarter of the population (30–70 pairs) is thought to occur in the region of Oslo and Akershus, SE Norway. In 2018, I conducted a comprehensive survey of known and potential breeding sites to assess current population size in Oslo and Akershus. I recorded 74 pairs in 58 sites. To analyse the population trend, I collected all known records of Common Moorhen during the breeding season for the period 1995–2018. Analyses indicated that population size was stable overall. However, compared to data from 1982, sites with the largest number of pairs in 1982 have had declining population size, and these sites also had high nutrient levels. On the other hand, several new breeding sites in recently created ponds in parks, on golf courses and wastewater treatment plants have been established. Dammed ponds were occupied more often than natural waterbodies, and occupied sites were in general at nutrient-rich sites at low elevation close to the coast. Occupancy rate (proportion of years surveyed with Common Moorhen presence) during 1995–2018 was higher for dammed ponds than for natural waterbodies, and higher for smaller wetlands. Thus, analyses suggested that the most suitable sites for Common Moorhen were nutrient-rich small ponds at low elevation close to the coast, and in such sites the Common Moorhen appears to have a stable, but small population size.