bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of marketing to improve patient access to care and clinic utilization for clinical pharmacy specialists
Authors: Bairagdar Nora , Reich Ashley , Franck Jessica Bovio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis quality improvement initiative aimed to implement a strategy to increase access to care with clinical pharmacy specialists (CPSs), optimize CPS direct patient care activities, and promote clinical pharmacy services. The primary objective was to assess the impact of patient marketing on expanding access to care and clinic utilization in a CPS clinic.MethodsA marketing technique was applied by a mental health (MH) CPS to expand clinical pharmacy services. Direct-to-patient brochures advertising MH CPS comprehensive medication management services were placed at the check-in window of an interdisciplinary outpatient MH clinic. Brochure content included a description of an MH team, the role of MH CPSs, and benefits of being managed by MH CPSs. Patients could contact the MH CPS or speak to their primary provider for referral. The preintervention and postintervention evaluation periods were 4-month time frames. Clinic utilization for the MH CPS clinic was compared before and after dissemination of marketing brochures. Additional outcomes evaluated were number of encounters, number of patients seen, and number of clinical interventions completed by the MH CPS.ResultsThere was a significant increase in clinic utilization postintervention. The total number of encounters, patients, and clinical interventions were numerically increased postintervention.DiscussionThe observed improvements in clinic utilization suggest the benefit of marketing in optimization of access to care in CPS clinics and justification of clinical pharmacy services.
Quantum Phase Transition of a Quantum Mixed Spin Chain by Employing Density Matrix Renormalization Group Method
Authors: Yang Sheng , Xu Jing‐Bo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe fidelity susceptibility and trace distance in the valence‐bond‐solid (VBS) transition of a quantum mixed spin chain is investigated, which consists of unit cells arrayed as 1/2‐1/2‐1‐1 with alternating Heisenberg antiferromagnetic exchange couplings, by using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method in the matrix product state (MPS) form. It is observed that the fidelity susceptibility and the first derivative of the trace distance display explicit divergence near the quantum critical point. The information about the quantum criticality, such as the quantum critical point and correlation length critical exponent, is extracted from the finite size scaling behaviors. The obtained quantum critical point is more accurate than previous work, and the existence of the scaling function of the trace distance near the critical point is observed numerically for the first time. In addition, it is also found that the trace distance between two sites can supplement the VBS picture for describing the change of the ground state as the control parameter is varied through the quantum critical point.
Effect of Serum Urate Lowering With Allopurinol on Blood Pressure in Young Adults: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial
Authors: Gaffo Angelo L. , Calhoun David A. , Rahn Elizabeth J. , Oparil Suzanne , Li Peng , Dudenbostel Tanja , Feig Daniel I. , Redden David T. , Muntner Paul , Foster Phillip J. , Biggers‐Clark Stephanie R. , Mudano Amy , Sattui Sebastian E. , Saddekni Michael B. , Bridges S. Louis , Saag Kenneth G. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo determine whether serum urate reduction with allopurinol lowers blood pressure (BP) in young adults and the mechanisms mediating this hypothesized effect.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center, randomized, double‐blind, crossover clinical trial. Adults ages 18–40 years with baseline systolic BP ≥120 and <160 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥80 and <100 mm Hg, and serum urate ≥5.0 mg/dl for men or ≥4.0 mg/dl for women were enrolled. Main exclusion criteria included chronic kidney disease, gout, or past use of urate‐lowering therapies. Participants received oral allopurinol (300 mg daily) or placebo for 1 month followed by a 2–4 week washout and then were crossed over. Study outcome measures were change in systolic BP from baseline, endothelial function estimated as flow‐mediated dilation (FMD), and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. Adverse events were assessed.ResultsNinety‐nine participants were randomized, and 82 completed all visits. The mean ± SD age was 28.0 ± 7.0 years, 62.6% were men, and 40.4% were African American. In the primary intent‐to‐treat analysis, systolic BP did not change during the allopurinol treatment phase (mean ± SEM −1.39 ± 1.16 mm Hg) or placebo treatment phase (−1.06 ± 1.08 mm Hg). FMD increased during allopurinol treatment periods compared to placebo treatment periods (mean ± SEM 2.5 ± 0.55% versus −0.1 ± 0.42%; P < 0.001). There were no changes in hsCRP level and no serious adverse events.ConclusionOur findings indicate that urate‐lowering therapy with allopurinol does not lower systolic BP or hsCRP level in young adults when compared with placebo, despite improvements in FMD. These findings do not support urate lowering as a treatment for hypertension in young adults.
Victim selection patterns of community‐residing child molesters identified by a nationwide youth‐serving organization
Authors: Warren Janet I. , Reed James 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe current study examines data extracted from revocation files of a national youth‐serving organization (YSO) involving 7819 revoked individuals and 12,254 alleged child victims to better understand victim selection patterns of community‐residing child molesters. These data demonstrate consistent patterns of victim selection based upon the age, gender, and YSO affiliation of each victim. We created two variables to explore whether the revoked individual was “likely pedophilic (LP)” or a “mixed offender (MO)” based upon their behaviors and patterns of victim selection. Compared with the non‐LPs and non‐MOs, LPs and MOs had more known victims, were more often involved in other YSOs, and were more likely to have had contact with law enforcement. We utilized a public health perspective to interpret these findings, suggesting that child sexual abuse in YSOs reflects a societal problem that is not a unique phenomenon specific to programs offering services to youth.
Extraosseous osteoblastoma: A rare cause of breast mass in a prepubertal girl
Authors: Danzinger Sabine , Kager Leo , Bernathova Maria , Lang Susanna , Haslik Werner , Singer Christian F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractExtraosseous osteoblastoma of the breast, a rare disease, was diagnosed in a prepubertal girl. After tumor excision, the patient recovered well and an optimal cosmetic result was achieved. Interdisciplinary discussions about the case are essential.
The impact of induction and/or concurrent chemoradiotherapy on acute and late patient‐reported symptoms in oropharyngeal cancer: Application of a mixed‐model analysis of a prospective observational cohort registry
Authors: van Dijk Lisanne V. , Mohamed Abdallah S. R. , Ferrarotto Renata , McCoy Lance A. , Sharafi Christina S. , Jones Eva , Steele Kennedy , Moreno Amy C. , Lai Stephen Y. , Garden Adam S. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Rosenthal David I. , Fuller Clifton D. , Hutcheson Katherine A. ,   for the MD Anderson Symptom Working Group
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUNDThe goal of this study was to comprehensively investigate the association of chemotherapy with trajectories of acute symptom development and late symptom recovery in patients with oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) by comparing symptom burden between induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (ICRT), concurrent chemo‐radiotherapy (CRT), or radiotherapy (RT) alone.METHODSAmong a registry of 717 patients with OPC, the 28‐item patient‐reported MD Anderson Symptom Inventory–Head and Neck Module (MDASI‐HN) symptoms were collected prospectively at baseline, weekly during RT, and 1.5, 3 to 6, 12, and 18 to 24 months after RT. The effect of the treatment regimen (ICRT, CRT, and RT alone) was examined with mixed‐model analyses for the acute and late period. In the CRT cohort, the chemotherapy agent relationship with symptoms was investigated.RESULTSChemoradiation (ICRT/CRT) compared with RT alone resulted in significantly higher acute symptom scores in the majority of MDASI‐HN symptoms (ie, 21 out of 28). No late symptom differences between treatment with or without chemotherapy were observed that were not attributable to ICRT. Nausea was lower for CRT with carboplatin than for CRT with cisplatin; cetuximab was associated with particularly higher scores for acute and late skin, mucositis, and 6 other symptoms. The addition of ICRT compared with CRT or RT alone was associated with a significant increase in numbness and shortness of breath.CONCLUSIONThe addition of chemotherapy to definitive RT for OPC patients was associated with significantly worse acute symptom outcomes compared with RT alone, which seems to attenuate in the late posttreatment period. Moreover, induction chemotherapy was specifically associated with worse numbness and shortness of breath during and after treatment.LAY SUMMARY

Chemotherapy is frequently used in addition to radiotherapy cancer treatment, yet the (added) effect on treatment‐induced over time is not comprehensively investigated

This study shows that chemotherapy adds to the symptom severity reported by patients, especially during treatment
Graphics processing unit acceleration of the island model genetic algorithm using the CUDA programming platform
Authors: Janssen Dylan M. , Pullan Wayne , Liew Alan Wee‐Chung 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGenetic algorithms are a practical approach for finding near‐optimal solutions for nondeterministic polynomial‐hard problems. In this work we exploit the parallel processing capability of graphics processing units and Nvidia's CUDA programming platform to accelerate the island model genetic algorithm by modifying the evolutionary operations to fit the hardware architecture and have successfully achieved significant computational speedups.
Decongestion discriminates risk for one‐year mortality in patients with improving renal function in acute heart failure
Authors: Wettersten Nicholas , Horiuchi Yu , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Ix Joachim H. , Mueller Christian , Filippatos Gerasimos , Nowak Richard , Hogan Christopher , Kontos Michael C. , Cannon Chad M. , Müeller Gerhard A. , Birkhahn Robert , Taub Pam , Vilke Gary M. , Duff Stephen , McDonald Kenneth , Mahon Niall , Nuñez Julio , Briguori Carlo , Passino Claudio , Maisel Alan , Murray Patrick T. 
Published: March 2021

AimsImproving renal function (IRF) is paradoxically associated with worse outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF), but outcomes may differ based on response to decongestion. We explored if the relationship of IRF with mortality in hospitalized AHF patients differs based on successful decongestion.Methods and resultsWe evaluated 760 AHF patients from AKINESIS for the relationship between IRF, change in B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and 1‐year mortality. IRF was defined as a ≥20% increase in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) relative to admission. Adequate decongestion was defined as a ≥40% decrease in last measured BNP relative to admission. IRF occurred in 22% of patients who had a mean age of 69 years, 58% were men, 72% were white, and median admission eGFR was 49 mL/min/1.73 m2. IRF patients had more severe heart failure reflected by lower admission eGFR, higher blood urea nitrogen, lower systolic blood pressure, lower sodium, and higher use of inotropes. IRF patients had higher 1‐year mortality (25%) than non‐IRF patients (15%) (P < 0.01). However, this relationship differed by BNP trajectory (P‐interaction = 0.03). When stratified by BNP change, non‐IRF patients and IRF patients with decreasing BNP had lower 1‐year mortality than either non‐IRF and IRF patients without decreasing BNP. However, in multivariate analysis, IRF was not associated with mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7–1.5] while BNP was (adjusted HR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.7). When IRF was evaluated as transiently occurring or persisting at discharge, again only BNP change was significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionImproving renal function is associated with mortality in AHF but not independent of other variables and congestion status. Achieving adequate decongestion, as reflected by lower BNP, in AHF is more strongly associated with mortality than IRF.
Continuous trichloroethylene biodegradation by Pseudomonas putida F1 in a biofilm reactor and determination of an optimal feeding path via a response surface model
Authors: Yu Feng , Munoz Breda , Bienkowski Paul R. , Sayler Gary S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractReactor design and feeding strategies are the key to successful trichloroethylene (TCE) treatment via cometabolism. An easy to maintain and operate laboratory scale packed‐bed biofilm reactor, featuring recycled gas and liquid effluent streams, was developed for continuous aerobic aqueous‐phase TCE biodegradation using Pseudomonas putida F1 as the biocatalyst and toluene as the primary substrate. The impacts of the influent toluene and TCE concentrations, flow rates, and recycle rates on TCE biodegradation were studied. Multivariate factors, including influent toluene and TCE concentrations, their interactions, and flow rates were further analyzed via a response surface model (RSM). Results showed that such bioreactor design eliminated oxygen limitation and removed or substantially reduced toluene competitive inhibition on TCE degradation. A TCE removal efficiency of >90% was achieved at an influent TCE concentration of ≤0.3 mg/L under an ˜8‐min mean hydraulic retention time. Toluene and TCE concentrations, in both linear and quadratic forms, were the most significant factors for TCE degradation, indicating both cell regenerating and inhibiting effects from toluene and a toxic effect from TCE. This RSM analysis has successfully identified an optimal influent toluene concentration path for each influent TCE concentration and provided insight for an extended TCE degradation at higher TCE concentrations.
A GIS focal approach for characterizing gully geometry
Authors: Castillo Carlos , Momm Henrique G. , Wells Robert R. , Bingner Ronald L. , Pérez Rafael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work we examined the explanatory factors of gully geometry in the Campiña landscape in southern Spain using a geographic information system (GIS) focal approach with regional topographic products (1.5 m LiDAR [light detecton and ranging] digital elevation model [DEM] for elevation data and 0.5 m orthophotography for gully limit delineation). We evaluated the performance of a focal approach (based on neighbourhood calculations) using topographic factors for characterizing the gully linear extent and cross‐section (XS) morphology (i.e., depth, D, width, W, mean slope, S and width‐to‐depth ratio, WDR). As for the longitudinal analysis, focal variables (e.g., using the 11 × 11 mean thalweg slope and 75‐m downstream mean slope) outperformed the pixel‐based approach, with accurate spatial predictions for gully headcuts and mouth locations. The threshold between gullied and non‐gullied areas in a slope‐area diagram took the form of a break‐line rather than a straight limit. For estimating the main XS dimensions (D and W), the Half‐width method was applied by selecting the closest point to the thalweg at the gully limits. The tendency to underestimate XS depths was corrected by applying the equations derived from an assessment of the sampling errors in DEMs datasets. The 50 m adjacent slope to the gully was the best explanatory descriptor of both XS dimensions (due to energetic and geometric reasons) along with the channel density, drainage area and total gully length. The XS mean slope and WDR were controlled by the resistance of the materials (investigated through geotechnical and vane‐test surveys) where incision processes were dominant (V‐shaped XSs in upstream and middle reaches). As sedimentation started to become significant, both morphological parameters changed abruptly and XSs tended to show a trapezoid shape. An adaptative focal strategy with varying window sizes produced better results than the pixel‐based approach, requiring larger calculation scopes in areas of greater DEM uncertainty.
Children and young people's experience of parental dementia: A systematic review
Authors: Chirico Ilaria , Ottoboni Giovanni , Valente Marco , Chattat Rabih 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesMost studies have been concerned with the experiences and needs of spouses/partners and adult children of people with dementia. In this review, children and young people's lived experience of parental dementia was investigated. Findings will inform both researchers and professionals in the area of dementia care.DesignA systematic literature search was performed in CINAHL, PsychINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A rigorous screening process was followed, and a checklist for qualitative and observational studies was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies. Narrative synthesis of the selected articles was carried out.ResultsTwenty‐one studies were included and a synthesis of the literature revealed six themes. The first theme concerned the difficulties in dealing with the diagnosis which was often preceded by a long period characterized by uncertainty, confusion, family distress, and conflicts. The second theme discussed changes in family relationships in terms of the role of children and young people in supporting both parents and keeping family together. The third theme described the impact of caring on children and young people who struggled to balance caring tasks and developmental needs. The fourth theme showed consequences on children and young people's personal lives in terms of education/career and life planning. The fifth theme illustrated main adaptation models and coping strategies. The last theme discussed the need for appropriate support and services based on a “whole family” approach.ConclusionsThe included studies provide the basis for knowledge and awareness about the experience of children and young people with a parent with dementia and the specific needs of support for this population.
Investigation of the flow, pressure drop characteristics, and augmentation of heat performance in a 3D flow pipe based on different inserts of twisted tape configurations
Authors: Al‐Obaidi Ahmed Ramadhan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe flow behavior, pressure drop, and heat performance rate in the three‐dimensional pipe with and without inserted tape are analyzed in his study. The enhancement of thermohydraulic performance is carried out by increasing the twisted tape configurations with differentRe. The numerical simulation model is validated with experimental data, where the outcomes indicate a good agreement between both data. The results revealed that the pressure drop across the pipe using twisted tape insert was higher than in a smooth pipe. The increased drop in pressure along the pipe enhanced the performance of heat transfer. In addition, there was a rise in fluid velocity, but it was nonuniform. This happened due to the swirl created through the inserted tape in the pipe. The comparative study also specified that the profiles of dynamic pressure, static pressure, velocity magnitude, and vorticity are nonuniform, compared with the smooth tube type. Moreover, the results found that the best improvement of heat transfer is at a low value of mass flow with a twisted tape of 1 × 3 mm, which is equal to approximately 27.7%, 26.5%, 26.4%, and 22.9% respectively. Furthermore, this study provides numerical investigations for engineering design on flow field analysis and enhanced heat transfer performance with different insert tape configurations.
Reflections on Designing Curriculum to Interrogate Social Studies
Authors: Monte‐Sano Chauncey , Quince Christine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis department explores the concept of disciplinary literacy—the conceptual understandings and ways of reading, thinking, and writing involved in critiquing and constructing knowledge in a discipline—and its intersections with aspects of culturally sustaining pedagogy. Columns highlight high‐quality disciplinary literacy learning opportunities across subject areas that engage students in critically examining the world around them, interrogating accepted knowledge, contributing their own perspectives to shape that knowledge, and sustaining and developing the literacies needed to do this work.
Effects of maternal folic acid supplementation on nuclear methyltransferase activity of adult rats subjected to an animal model of schizophrenia
Authors: Canever Lara , Varela Roger , Mastella Gustavo A. , Damázio Louyse S. , Valvassori Samira S. , Quevedo João L. , Zugno Alexandra I. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionSchizophrenia is considered one of the most disabling and severe human diseases worldwide. The etiology of schizophrenia is thought to be multifactorial and evidence suggests that DNA methylation can play an important role in underlying pivotal neurobiological alterations of this disorder. Some studies have demonstrated the effects of dietary supplementation as an alternative approach to the prevention of schizophrenia, including folic acid. However, no study has ever investigated the role of such supplementation in altering the DNA methylation system in the context of schizophrenia.ObjectivesThe present study aims to investigate the effects of maternal folic acid supplementation at different doses on nuclear methyltransferase activity of adult rat offspring subjected to an animal model schizophrenia induced by ketamine.MethodsAdult female Wistar rats, (60 days old) received folic acid‐deficient diet, control diet, or control diet plus folic acid supplementation (at 5, 10, or 50 mg/kg) during pregnancy and lactation. After reaching adulthood (60 days), the male offspring of these dams were subjected to the animal model of schizophrenia induced by 7 days of ketamine intraperitoneal injection (25 mg/kg). After the 7‐day protocol, the activity of nuclear methyltransferase was evaluated in the brains of the offspring.ResultsMaternal folic acid supplementation at 50 mg/kg increased methyltransferase activity in the frontal cortex, while 10 mg/kg increased methyltransferase activity in the hippocampus. In the striatum of offspring treated with ketamine, maternal deficient diet, control diet, and folic acid supplementation at 5 mg/kg decreased methyltransferase activity compared to the control group. The folic acid supplementation at 10 and 50 mg/kg reversed this ketamine effect.ConclusionsMaternal FA deficiency could be related to schizophrenia pathophysiology, while FA supplementation could present a protective effect since it demonstrated persistent effects in epigenetic parameters in adult offspring.