bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biogeochemical feedbacks associated with the response of micronutrient recycling by zooplankton to climate change
Authors: Richon Camille , Tagliabue Alessandro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecycling by zooplankton has emerged as an important process driving the cycling of essential micronutrients in the upper ocean. Resupply of nutrients by upper ocean recycling is itself controlled by multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Although the response of these drivers to climate change will shape future recycling rates and their stoichiometry, their magnitude and variability are unaddressed by climate change projections, which means potentially important feedbacks on surface biogeochemistry are neglected. Here, we assess the impacts of climate change under the high emissions RCP8.5 scenario on the recycling of the essential micronutrients Fe, Zn, Cu, Co and Mn and quantify the regional control by zooplankton food quality, prey quantity, sea surface temperature and zooplankton biomass. A statistical assessment of our model results reveals that the variability in recycling fluxes across all micronutrients is mainly driven by the variability of zooplankton and prey biomass. In contrast, the variability in micronutrient recycling stoichiometry and its response to climate change are more complex and is regulated by zooplankton food quality and prey quantity. Regionally, the relative influence of each driver on recycling changes in our model by the end of the 21st century. Temperature becomes an important driving factor in the polar regions while the expansion of oligotrophic regions leads to the importance of food quality increase for low and mid‐latitudes. These responses lead to novel feedbacks that can amplify the response of surface ocean biogeochemistry and alter nutrient deficiency regimes.
Competitive and spreading abilities of forage peanut in tropical mixed pastures
Authors: de Andrade Carlos Mauricio Soares , de Assis Giselle M. L. , Gonçalves Rivadalve C. , Ferreira Aliedson S. , de Oliveira Yves Matheus F. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractForage peanut (Arachis pintoi) is considered a legume ideotype for use in mixed pastures in humid tropical regions, but its adoption has been hindered by low availability and high prices of commercial seeds. However, there is a concern if breeding of high seed‐yielding cultivars could result in loss of compatibility with grasses. This study compared the competitive ability and spreading ability of 12 forage peanut genotypes with contrasting seed‐yielding potential in mixtures with Brachiaria humidicola in northern Brazil. These genotypes were previously selected for high performance under clipping in pure stands. Twenty‐five rooted stolons of forage peanut were transplanted to the central area (1 × 1 m) of each plot (5 × 5 m) seeded 35 days before with B. humidicola. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with five replicates per genotype and was evaluated under grazing from 6 to 30 months after pasture establishment using the intermittent stocking method. All genotypes persisted and increased their proportion in botanical composition over time. Spread of forage peanut stolons into surrounding B. humidicola sward varied from 0.56 to 1.46 m/year. Cultivar BRS Mandobi had the greatest competitive ability and cultivar Belomonte the greatest spreading ability. Two genotypes (cv. BRS Mandobi and accession BRA‐00064752‐9) were selected combining high seed‐yielding and high compatibility with B. humidicola. This is evidence that both traits (compatibility with grasses and seed yield) can be simultaneously improved in this legume. The results are discussed in terms of the ecology of grass‐legume mixtures and breeding of forage peanut.
Taking the systems approaches out of their comfort zones: Perspectives from under explored contexts
Authors: Pugh Rhiannon , Schmutzler Jana , Tsvetkova Alexandra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis special issue tackles two “trendy” topics much discussed at present by the community of scholars (and practitioners too) interested in regional economic development: systems and ecosystems. These metaphors have proved popular, and enduring, currently experiencing something of a buzz or moment in the sunshine. This special issue pushes them out of their comfort zone to explore contexts, elements, and approaches that have not yet been well explored in the literature to date. Contributions in this special issue cover a wide range of international cases and explore systemic perspectives on economic development placing institutional context and evolutionary dynamics at the core.
Quantifying reshoring at the macro‐level—Measurement and applications
Authors: Krenz Astrid , Strulik Holger 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we develop a metric of reshoring at the macroeconomic level, at the level of industries or countries. Our dynamic measure computes the change in the domestic–foreign input ratio and therewith captures the idea of moving production back to the home country. Additional conditions ensure that the measure is confined to actual reshoring and does not pick up, for example, mere changes in the scale and composition of production. We show that reshoring is only weakly approximated by reduced offshoring. We compute the reshoring intensity from the World Input Output Database and illustrate the use of the data with several applications. Specifically, we compute trends in reshoring for examples of countries and industry sectors, we investigate reshoring from China, and examine the impact of an increasing degree of automation for reshoring in emerging and developing economies.
Recurrence and mortality rates with different treatment approaches of Merkel cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Harvey Jamison A. , Mirza Sultan A. , Erwin Patricia J. , Chan An W. , Murad M. H. , Brewer Jerry D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundComprehensive treatment recommendations for Merkel cell carcinoma are complex. We aimed to systematically review the published data on recurrence and mortality rates associated with various treatment approaches for Merkel cell carcinoma.MethodsSearch of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to August 2015. Studies were included that reported comparative survival and recurrence data for two or more treatment modalities. Two reviewers independently reviewed and abstracted recurrence and mortality rates. Event rates for individual treatment arms in each study were pooled and meta‐analyzed across studies using a random‐effects model.ResultsFifty‐two retrospective studies met inclusion criteria, revealing a total of 1,804 patients with primary Merkel cell carcinoma with data available for analyses. The recurrence rate was higher for surgery alone (55.0%) versus a combination of surgery and radiotherapy (39.0%) (odds ratio, 2.089; 95% CI, 1.374–3.177; P < 0.001). Combination therapy including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy had a higher mortality rate (44.6%) than did combined surgery and radiotherapy (23.2%) (odds ratio, 2.688; 95% CI, 1.196–6.037; P = 0.02).ConclusionsThe treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma with surgery plus adjuvant radiotherapy may produce lower recurrence rates.
Phytochemical bioaccessibility and in vitro antidiabetic effects of Chinese sumac (Rhus chinensis Mill.) fruits after a simulated digestion: insights into the mechanisms with molecular docking analysis
Authors: Fu Yishan , Liu Xiaojing , Ma Qian , Yi Junjie , Cai Shengbao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis work studied the effects of gastrointestinal digestion on the phytochemical bioaccessibility and in vitro anti‐diabetic effects of different fractions from Chinese sumac fruits and delineated the underlying mechanisms by molecular docking. Results showed that gastric digestion significantly increased the phytochemical bioaccessibility and inhibitions for α‐glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐IV) and advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation of the ethanol‐extracted fraction, whereas intestinal digestion remarkably decreased these parameters (P < 0.05). For the free phenolic fraction, the parameters were remarkably reduced after gastric digestion but significantly increased after intestinal digestion (P < 0.05). Quercitrin and gvajaverin contributed the most to the α‐glucosidase and DPP‐IV inhibitions, and trigalloyl glucose and its isomer could be the primary bioactive substance responsible for AGE suppression. Quercitrin, the predominant phenolic compound, could effectively interact with crucial amino acid residues in α‐glucosidase, DPP‐IV and bovine serum albumin with hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions to exert its inhibitions.
An evaluation of the Japanese Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation as a predictor of prognosis in patients with infection
Authors: Madoiwa Seiji , Honda Goichi , Kawano Noriaki , Uchiyama Toshimasa , Kawasugi Kazuo , Takezako Naoki , Suzuki Kei , Seki Yoshinobu , Ikezoe Takayuki , Okamoto Kohji , Wada Hideo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionA criterion for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) that reflects the status of controlled coagulopathy would be useful for determining when to stop treatment. Use of the DIC criteria of the Japanese Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis (JSTH) for predicting the outcome during recombinant soluble thrombomodulin (thrombomodulin alfa, TM‐α) treatment was evaluated.MethodsA retrospective, multicenter survey was conducted in 798 medical facilities in Japan. Of the 4342 patients who underwent TM‐α treatment, 193 with infection‐associated DIC were investigated.ResultsThe 28‐day mortality rate increased with the increase in JSTH DIC scores at the end of TM‐α treatment, with a Cramer's coefficient of association of 0.431. A reduced platelet count (odds ratio [OR]: 0.847, P < .001), prolonged prothrombin time ratio (OR: 5.681, P < .001), decreased fibrinogen level (OR: 0.995, P < .001), higher level of fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products (OR: 1.009, P = .026), and lower antithrombin activity (OR: 0.973, P < .001) were correlated with 28‐day mortality. On multivariate analysis, the JSTH DIC score at the completion of TM‐α therapy was a predictor of mortality (OR: 1.591, 95% CI: 1.219‐2.077).ConclusionThe JSTH DIC score at the end of anticoagulation therapy may be a reliable tool for predicting the outcome in patients with infection‐associated DIC.
Creating a practice‐related culture for research: A qualitative study of engaging clinical nurses in utilization of developmental and research‐based knowledge in hospital settings
Authors: Berthelsen Connie , Koreska Mai 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo describe academic nurses' experiences engaging clinical nurses in utilizing and implementing developmental and research‐based knowledge in hospital settings.MethodsThis study used a descriptive qualitative design. Fourteen academic nurses at Masters or PhD level from three different regions of Denmark participated in the study, relating their successful experiences engaging clinical nurses in utilizing and implementing developmental and research‐based knowledge. Data were collected in February 2020 through qualitative semi‐structured interviews and analysed using a qualitative manifest content analysis.ResultsThe main theme revealed was that academic nurses were ‘Working towards creating a practice‐related culture for research’ to engage clinical nurses. This was supported by three subthemes: ‘Focusing on evidence‐based practice knowledge’, ‘Facilitating knowledge through a pedagogical approach’ and ‘Aiming for future changes’.ConclusionsThe academic nurses experienced their engagement of clinical nurses and the subsequent change of practice in patient care and nurses' workflows in the department settings, as successful due to the academic nurses' pedagogical actions to educate clinical nurses and due to the academic nurses' practice‐related approach to research and implementation.
Effect of leader mindfulness on hindrance stress in nurses: The social mindfulness information processing path
Authors: Liu Beini , Zhao Haizhu , Lu Qiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the influence of leader mindfulness on hindrance stress in nurses. Based on the social mindfulness framework, the mediating effects of nurses’ perceptions of their leaders’ perspective taking and empathic concern and how they are moderated by mindfulness of nurses were investigated.DesignA time‐lagged cross‐sectional survey was conducted.MethodsThe convenience sampling method was adopted. Data were collected at three time points from January to September 2020. A total of 393 paired datasets of nurses and their leaders were collected from 28 Chinese 3A grade hospitals. SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 were used for data analysis and hypotheses testing.Results(1) Leader mindfulness significantly reduced nurse hindrance stress. (2) Both nurses’ perceptions of their leaders’ perspective taking and empathic concern mediated the relationship between leader mindfulness and nurse hindrance stress. Empathic concern was more effective than perspective taking in the process of leader mindfulness for reducing nurse hindrance stress. Nurses’ perceptions of their leaders’ perspective taking completely mediated the relationship between empathic concern and nurse hindrance stress. (3) Nurse mindfulness moderated the relationship between leader mindfulness and nurses’ perceptions of their leaders’ empathic concern but had no significant effect on the relationship between leader mindfulness and nurses’ perceptions of their leaders’ perspective taking.ConclusionLeader mindfulness was an important interpersonal factor for reducing nurse hindrance stress. Nurses’ perceptions of their leaders’ perspective taking and empathic concern were pivotal mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of leader mindfulness. Nurse mindfulness is a situational factor that contributes to the effectiveness of leader mindfulness.ImpactHospitals can benefit from mindfulness interventions by improving the mindfulness of leaders and nurses. Nurse managers are encouraged to promote social mindfulness, which will enable perspective taking and empathic concern by nurses and thus reduce hindrance stress on nurses during the pandemic.
The experience of becoming a mother following successful in vitro fertilization: A grounded theory
Authors: Boz İlkay , Teskereci Gamze , Akgün Mehtap 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo develop a theory to explain women's experiences about becoming a mother following successful in vitro fertilization treatment.DesignThis study is a qualitative study based on a constructivist grounded theory approach.MethodsData were collected using a semi‐structured interview guide initially that was later to be changed to a flexible interview guide between June 2018 and 2019. Interviews were conducted with 18 women, who became pregnant and mothers following successful in vitro fertilization treatment. Data collection and analysis were performed in a cyclic manner using open, axial and selective coding. This study was reported based on consolidated criteria and was used to report qualitative research data.FindingsThe core category, ‘non‐spontaneous path to motherhood’, involved the following four categories: ‘the treatment process is exhausting’, ‘leaving the infertility world’, ‘pregnancy under the shadow of fear’ and ‘getting stuck between fertile and infertile worlds’ with 10 sub‐categories.ConclusionThis study provides valuable insight into experiences of these women about becoming a mother. Unlike the Becoming a Mother Theory, it can be said that the anticipation stage, the first stage in the Becoming a Mother Theory, begins at the moment of embryo transfer in these women. Furthermore, the personal stage, the final stage in the Becoming a Mother Theory, is not completed within the first year after birth, even women were found to conceal experiences of in vitro fertilization treatment from the social environment even after birth.ImpactThis study will provide potential support for obstetric healthcare professionals in better understanding women's experiences about becoming a mother following successful in vitro fertilization treatment.
Alginate oligosaccharide alleviates D‐galactose‐induced cardiac ageing via regulating myocardial mitochondria function and integrity in mice
Authors: Feng Wenjing , Liu Jianya , Wang Shan , Hu Yi , Pan Hui , Hu Ting , Guan Huashi , Zhang Dongfeng , Mao Yongjun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAgeing is a crucial risk factor for the development of age‐related cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms of ageing and novel anti‐ageing interventions need to be deeply studied. Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) possesses high pharmacological activities and beneficial effects. Our study was undertaken to investigate whether AOS could be used as an anti‐ageing drug to alleviate cardiac ageing. D‐galactose (D‐gal)‐induced C57BL/6J ageing mice were established by subcutaneous injection of D‐gal (200 mg·kg‐1·d‐1) for 8 weeks. AOS (50, 100 and 150 mg·kg‐1·d‐1) were administrated intragastrically for the last 4 weeks. As a result, AOS prevented cardiac dysfunction in D‐gal‐induced ageing mice, including partially preserved ejection fraction (EF%) and fractional shortening (FS%). AOS inhibited D‐gal‐induced up‐regulation of natriuretic peptides A (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and ageing markers p53 and p21 in a dose‐dependent manner. To further explore the potential mechanisms contributing to the anti‐ageing protective effect of AOS, the age‐related mitochondrial compromise was analysed. Our data indicated that AOS alleviated D‐gal‐induced cardiac ageing by improving mitochondrial biogenesis, maintaining the mitochondrial integrity and enhancing the efficient removal of impaired mitochondria. AOS also decreased the ROS production and oxidative stress status, which, in turn, further inhibiting cardiac mitochondria from being destroyed. Together, these results demonstrate that AOS may be an effective therapeutic agent to alleviate cardiac ageing.
Geographic variability in the gonadal development and sexual ontogeny of Hemigymnus, Cheilinus and Oxycheilinus wrasses among Indo‐Pacific coral reefs
Authors: Lowe Jake R. , Russ Garry R. , Bucol Abner A. , Abesamis Rene A. , Choat John H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPatterns of reproductive ontogeny in four species of coral reef wrasses (F: Labridae) Hemigymnus melapterus, Hemigymnus fasciatus, Cheilinus fasciatus and Oxycheilinus digramma were investigated. Populations of each species were sampled from two island groups of the central Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia, and from coral reefs in the central Philippines. These three sampling locations span 30° of latitude. The GBR and Philippine reefs experience biologically significant differences in water temperature, geography and human activity. The studied wrasses are effectively unfished in Australia but heavily fished in the Philippines. Gonad weights, histology and demographic data were obtained across the entire size and age range of H. melapterus, C. fasciatus and O. digramma from all locations. Analysis identified three processes of male recruitment: functional gonochorism and both forms of protogynous hermaphroditism, monandry and diandry. The expression of these distinct sexual ontogenies was locality dependent. Populations of H. melapterus, H. fasciatus, C. fasciatus and O. digramma on the GBR showed consistently uniform patterns of sexual ontogeny, with all species being exclusively monandric. H. melapterus, C. fasciatus and O. digramma in the Philippines displayed complex sexual ontogenies, with all species showing histological evidence of both diandry and functional gonochorism. Reproductive investment in gonadal tissue, and population sex structure, also differed between GBR and Philippine coral reefs. Philippine populations had substantially lower gonado‐somatic indices than populations on the GBR. Nonetheless, Philippine populations matured more rapidly and displayed a protracted timing of sex change over a large size and age range. Thus, mature females appeared earlier and persisted later into ontogeny in the Philippines than on GBR reefs. Protracted timing of sex change on Philippine reefs is likely linked to the presence of primary males in the population, which is known to reduce the strength of selection for mature females to undergo sex change and become male. Hypotheses based on social structure of fish populations, environmental factors and evolutionary history were developed to account for the different patterns of sexual ontogeny in the focal wrasses.
COVID‐19 vaccination intention in the first year of the pandemic: A systematic review
Authors: Al‐Amer Rasmieh , Maneze Della , Everett Bronwyn , Montayre Jed , Villarosa Amy R. , Dwekat Entisar , Salamonson Yenna 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo synthesise evidence regarding vaccination intention, identify factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy among healthcare professionals and the general populations globally.BackgroundAs COVID‐19 vaccine becomes available worldwide, attention is being directed to community vaccine uptake, to achieve population‐wide immunity. A number of factors have been reported to influence vaccine intention.MethodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search of COVID‐19 vaccination intention related literature published on or before 31 December 2020 from seven databases was undertaken.ResultsThirty articles were included in this systematic review. Overall COVID‐19 vaccination intention during the first year of the pandemic ranged from 27.7% to 93.3%. Findings highlighted that socio‐demographic differences, perceptions of risk and susceptibility to COVID‐19 and vaccine attributes influenced vaccination intention. Healthcare professionals particularly, nurses have higher vaccine hesitancy reportedly due to concerns regarding vaccine safety and efficacy and mistrust of health authorities. Negative information about COVID‐19 vaccines in the social media and low confidence in the health system were associated with lower acceptability among the community. Interestingly, cumulative increase in COVID‐19 caseloads of countries over time was not associated with vaccination intention.ConclusionsThe significant variability in vaccine intention rates worldwide would hamper efforts to achieve immunity against COVID‐19. Nurses’ concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy need to be addressed to increase vaccine acceptance and maximise their influence on vaccination decision in the community. As misinformation through social media negatively impacts vaccination uptake, authoritative and reliable information on vaccine attributes, disease risks and vaccination benefits are needed.Relevance to clinical practiceConcerns about vaccine safety and efficacy including misinformation are important contributors to vaccine hesitancy. Addressing these factors, particularly among nurses who are considered trusted influencers of vaccination decisions in the community is an important strategy for pandemic preparedness.