bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One‐Dimensional Spinel Transition Bimetallic Oxide Composite Carbon Nanofibers (CoFe2O4@CNFs) for Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Qian , Wang Zhuang , Liu Jie , Lu Zhe , Xuan Dipan , Luo Fenqiang , Li Shuirong , Ye Yueyuan , Wang Duo , Wang Dechao , Zheng Zhifeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCoFe2O4 composite carbon nanofibers (CoFe2O4@CNFs) are prepared by electrospinning combined with pre‐oxidation, carbonization, and extra annealing under air conditions. The effect of different extra annealing times on the structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties of the resulting CoFe2O4@CNFs are investigated. CoFe2O4@CNFs (named as CFO/C‐800‐2) with a spinel structure are successfully prepared after 2 h of extra annealing for CFO/C‐800‐0. CFO/C‐800‐2 shows a mesoporous structure with a mesoporous area of 358 m2 g−1. CFO/C‐800‐2 shows pseudocapacitance characteristics with a specific capacity of 591.8 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. The capacitance retention rate of the asymmetric supercapacitor assembled by CFO/C‐800‐2 with activated carbon (AC) can reach 87 % in the 0–1.7 V voltage window, and the energy density is 21.4 Wh Kg−1 at a power density of 850 W Kg−1 after 7000 cycles.
Construction of a Non‐Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor Based on Metal‐Organic‐Framework‐Derived Manganese Oxide Microspheres for the Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Liu Xiaohong , Luo Caixiu , Wu Jinsheng , He Nan , Yu Rong , Liu Xiuhui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIt is significant to construct a non‐enzymatic electrochemical sensor for accurately detecting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) due to the relation between the concentration of H2O2 and the health of organisms. In this work, metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐derived manganese oxide (MnOx) microsphere were synthesized through the coordination of H3BTC and Mn2+ to form the precursor, followed by calcination. The morphologies and microstructures were characterized by using SEM, TEM, XRD and FT‐IR. Furthermore, the electrochemical activity of the MnOx microsphere was studied for applications as a hydrogen peroxide sensor. The sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, which showed that the material especially good electrical conductivity and catalytic performance. It also obtained a linear detection range of 6.96×10−4–742 μM (S/N=3) with a limit of detection of 2.32×10−4 μM for the detection of H2O2. The sensor described here had a strong anti‐interference ability with respect to several substances. In addition, it was applied to the H2O2 determination in human serum and milk samples with acceptable recovery, demonstrating its potential application in the conventional analysis of H2O2.
Fe‐N Doped Peanut Shell Activated Carbon as a Superior Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction and Cathode Catalyst for Zinc‐Air Battery
Authors: Feng Yunxiao , Tian Gang , Peng Qinlong , Wu Yibo , Li Yanling , Luo Xiaoqiang , Han Yongjun , Li Qingbin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractExploring sustainable, low‐cost and high‐performance non‐noble metal (NNM) electrocatalysts as alternatives to Pt‐based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for the large‐scale application of metal‐air batteries and fuel cell technology. A new method for preparing ORR catalysts is to use biomass activated carbon supported transition metal. Biomass activated carbon has a highly porous structure which is beneficial to charge and energy transport. In this article, peanut shell activated carbon (PSAC) was prepared as a carrier and iron phthalocyanine (FePc) was the active component of the catalyst. Different mass ratios of the FePc and PSAC were selected for physical doping and then treated at a high temperature. The obtained catalyst FePc/PSAC‐3/1 showed excellent ORR catalytic performance, the onset potential and the half‐wave potential are 0.94 V and 0.85 V respectively, highly comparable to that of commercial Pt/C (20 wt% Pt) catalyst. FePc/PSAC‐3/1 has good stability and better tolerance to the methanol crossover effect than the Pt/C catalyst in alkaline electrolytes. The product was further used as an air cathode to construct the Zn‐air battery at the same time. The excellent recharge‐ability was further evaluated by a 43 h long‐term cycling test without noticeable deterioration for the voltage gap. This work demonstrates the great promise of developing new families of NNM ORR catalysts by the economical and sustainable process.
Xishaglaucumins A—J, New Cembranoids with Anti‐Inflammatory Activities from the South China Sea Soft Coral Sarcophyton glaucum
Authors: Li Jin‐Feng , Zeng Yan‐Bo , Li Wang‐Sheng , Luo Hui , Zhang Hai‐Yan , Guo Yue‐Wei 
Published: October 2021

Comprehensive SummaryTen new cembrane‐type diterpenoids, namely xishaglaucumins A—J (1—10), along with ten known related ones (11—20), have been isolated from the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum collected off the Xisha Island in the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, quantum mechanical nuclear magnetic resonance (QM‐NMR) methods, X‐ray diffraction analysis, chemical methods and comparison with the reported data in the literature. The absolute configuration of new compounds 1, 5 and known compounds 11, 12, 16 and 20 were determined either by chemical methods or by X‐ray diffraction analysis using Cu Kα (λ = 1.5417 Å). In in vitro bioassay, compound 4 exhibited inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory responses in BV‐2 microglial cells.
Laypeople and dental professionals' perception of the aesthetic outcome of two treatments for missing lateral incisors
Authors: Hedmo Cecilia , Lindsten Rune , Josefsson Eva 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate laypeople and dental professionals' opinions of the aesthetic outcome from implant therapy (IT) and orthodontic space closure (SC) for missing maxillary lateral incisors.Material and methodsEvaluation was performed by three groups: laypeople 20–30 years of age (n = 26), laypeople 50–70 years of age (n = 26) and orthodontists (n = 25). The assessors viewed photographs of 44 different cases treated with IT or SC, and made an evaluation of the aesthetics.ResultsThe gingival color adjacent to the replaced tooth was rated as having better aesthetics in the SC cases (p = 0.000). The orthodontists preferred the aesthetics of the dentition in the SC cases (p = 0.042). The young laypeople, compared to the older laypeople and orthodontists, were more dissatisfied with the color of the tooth replacing the missing lateral incisor in SC cases (p = 0.043).ConclusionThe color of the gingiva adjacent to the implant‐supported crowns had a lower aesthetic rating than the SC group. Laypeople rated both treatments as equally good. The orthodontists had a slight preference for the aesthetics in the SC cases.
Are ecological communities the seat of endosymbiont horizontal transfer and diversification? A case study with soil arthropod community
Authors: Gupta Manisha , Kaur Rajbir , Gupta Ankita , Raychoudhury Rhitoban 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMaternally inherited endosymbionts of arthropods are one of the most abundant and diverse group of bacteria. These bacterial endosymbionts also show extensive horizontal transfer to taxonomically unrelated hosts and widespread recombination in their genomes. Such horizontal transfers can be enhanced when different arthropod hosts come in contact like in an ecological community. Higher rates of horizontal transfer can also increase the probability of recombination between endosymbionts, as they now share the same host cytoplasm. However, reports of community‐wide endosymbiont data are rare as most studies choose few host taxa and specific ecological interactions among the hosts. To better understand endosymbiont spread within host populations, we investigated the incidence, diversity, extent of horizontal transfer, and recombination of three endosymbionts (Wolbachia, Cardinium, and Arsenophonus) in a specific soil arthropod community. Wolbachia strains were characterized with MLST genes whereas 16S rRNA gene was used for Cardinium and Arsenophonus. Among 3,509 individual host arthropods, belonging to 390 morphospecies, 12.05% were infected with Wolbachia, 2.82% with Cardinium and 2.05% with Arsenophonus. Phylogenetic incongruence between host and endosymbiont indicated extensive horizontal transfer of endosymbionts within this community. Three cases of recombination between Wolbachia supergroups and eight incidences of within‐supergroup recombination were also found. Statistical tests of similarity indicated supergroup A Wolbachia and Cardinium show a pattern consistent with extensive horizontal transfer within the community but not for supergroup B Wolbachia and Arsenophonus. We highlight the importance of extensive community‐wide studies for a better understanding of the spread of endosymbionts across global arthropod communities.
Exercise‐induced B‐lines in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction occur along with diastolic function worsening
Authors: Simonovic Dejan , Coiro Stefano , Deljanin‐Ilic Marina , Kobayashi Masatake , Carluccio Erberto , Girerd Nicolas , Ambrosio Giuseppe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsPulmonary congestion during exercise assessed by lung ultrasound predicts negative outcome in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We aimed at assessing predictors of exercise‐induced pulmonary B‐lines in HFpEF patients.Methods and resultsEighty‐one I–II NYHA class HFpEF patients (65.0 ± 8.2 y/o, 56.8% females) underwent standard and strain echocardiography, lung ultrasound, and natriuretic peptide assessment during supine exercise echocardiography (baseline and peak exercise). Peak values and their changes were compared in subgroups according to exercise lung congestion grading (peak B‐lines >10 or ≤10). Exercise elicited significant changes for all echocardiographic parameters in both subgroups [39/81 (48.1%) with peak B‐lines >10; 42/81 (51.9%) with B‐lines ≤10]. Peak values and changes of E‐wave (and its derived indices) were significantly higher in patients with >10 peak B‐lines compared with those with ≤10 B‐line (all P‐values <0.03), showing significant correlation with peak B‐lines for all parameters; concomitantly, global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global strain rate (GSR) during systole (GSRs), early (GSRe) and late (GSRa) diastole, and isovolumic relaxation (GSRivr) were reduced in patients with B‐lines >10 (all P‐values <0.05), showing a negative correlation with peak B‐lines. By adjusted linear regression analysis, peak and change diastolic parameters (E‐wave, E/e′, GSRivr, and E/GSRivr) and peak GLS were individually significantly associated with peak B‐lines. By covariate‐adjusted multivariable model, E/e′ and GSRa at peak exercise were retained as independent predictors of peak B‐lines, with substantial goodness of fit of model (adjusted R2 0.776).ConclusionsIn HFpEF, development of pulmonary congestion upon exercise is mostly concomitant with exercise‐induced worsening of diastolic function.
Numerical investigation on rock‐breaking mechanism and cutting temperature of compound percussive drilling with a single PDC cutter
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Gonghui , Li Jun , Zha Chunqing , Lian Wei , Gao Reyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCompound percussive drilling technology is a new method to improve the rock‐breaking efficiency in deep hard formation. In order to study the rock‐breaking mechanism of compound impact drilling, the thermal‐structure coupling simulation of the dynamic rock‐breaking process with a single PDC cutter was investigated by using ABAQUS software. The influence of impact parameters on the rock‐breaking performance and cutting temperature was analyzed. The results proved that the compound impact load changes the rock failure mode and improves the rock‐breaking efficiency. Compared with steady load cutting, the rock broken volume under compound impact increased by 7.5%, and the mechanical specific energy (MSE) decreased by 12.3%. As the axial impact load amplitude increases, the MSE increases gradually. With an increase in torsional impact load amplitude and impact frequency, the MSE decreases first and then increases, and the optimal torsional static load ratio is 0.3, and the optimal impact frequency is 30 Hz. In addition, the cutting temperature of the compound percussive drilling is higher than that of the steady load cutting, and it increases with the impact load amplitude and decreases with the frequency. For the three impact load waveforms—sine, triangle, and square in this paper, the rock‐breaking efficiency under the condition of sine waveform is the largest when the dynamic amplitude of the pulse force is fixed, and the cutting temperature under the condition of square waveform is the highest. Finally, based on the analysis of the rock‐breaking mechanism, a novel compound percussive drilling tool was designed and tested in the field.
Somatic engagement alters subsequent neurobehavioral correlates of affective mentalizing
Authors: Shany Ofir , Greental Ayam , Gilam Gadi , Perry Daniella , Bleich‐Cohen Maya , Ovadia Moran , Cohen Avihay , Raz Gal 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSocio‐emotional encounters involve a resonance of others' affective states, known as affect sharing (AS); and attribution of mental states to others, known as theory‐of‐mind (ToM). Empathy necessitates the integration of both processes, yet their interaction during emotional episodes and subsequent generation of inferences on others' affective states has rarely been tested. To address this, we developed a novel experimental design, wherein we manipulated AS by presenting nonverbal emotionally negative movies twice—each time accompanied by one of two soundtracks that accentuated either somatic cues or externally generated sounds. Movies were followed by questions addressing affective‐ToM (emotional inferences), cognitive‐ToM (inferences on beliefs and knowledge), and non‐ToM aspects. Results revealed a neural differentiation between AS, affective‐ToM, and cognitive‐ToM. AS movies activated regions that have been implicated in emotional (e.g., amygdala) and somatosensory processing, and synchronized brain activity between participants in the latter. Affective‐ToM activated the middle insula, limbic regions, and both ventral and dorsal portions of the medial prefrontal cortex (ventral medial prefrontal cortex [VMPFC] and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex [DMPFC], respectively), whereas cognitive‐ToM activated posteromedial and lateral–prefrontal and temporal cortices. Critically, AS movies specifically altered neural activation in AS and ToM‐related regions during subsequent affective‐ToM inferences, most notably in the DMPFC. Moreover, DMPFC–VMPFC connectivity correlated with affective‐ToM accuracy, when such questions followed AS movies. Our results associate empathic processes with designated neural activations and shed light on how neuro‐behavioral indices of affective ToM are shaped by preceding somatic engagement.
Impacts of firewood burning for cooking on respiratory health and healthcare utilisation: Empirical evidence from Sri Lankan micro‐data
Authors: Pallegedara Asankha , Kumara Ajantha Sisira 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDespite escalating income levels of Sri Lankan households, 70.3% of them still depend on firewood for cooking. This might lead to bad respiratory health and thereby, increased healthcare utilisation. With this backdrop, this paper examines how firewood burning for cooking influences respiratory health and healthcare utilisation of Sri Lankans. The study proposes a theoretical model to explain effects of firewood burning on respiratory health and healthcare utilisation and empirically tests it using nation‐wide micro‐data of 79,170 individuals belonging to 21,748 households. The data are drawn from the most recent wave of Sri Lankan household income and expenditure survey. After addressing potential endogeneity by applying instrumental variable regression models, the study finds that firewood burning increases households' probability of asthma prevalence by 10.9 percentage points (P < 0.001), out‐patient care utilisation by 33.1 percentage points (P < 0.001), and in‐patient care utilisation by 17.5 percentage points (P < 0.001), on average. Our individual level analysis demonstrates that females are more vulnerable to bad respiratory health induced by firewood burning (β = 0.055, P < 0.001) compared to males (β = 0.008, P > 0.1). The results imply policies on promoting improved‐cooking stoves, separated‐kitchen designs, and switching more towards cleaner energy sources, including LP gas and solar power.
Cyclical experience‐based design: A proposal for engaging stakeholders in a co‐creative model for primary health care service design
Authors: Ramos Mayara , Forcellini Fernando A. , Ferreira Marcelo G. G. , Bowen Simon , Wright Peter C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHealthcare services face difficulties in using structured methods for service design and having patient participation in such processes. There are few models on healthcare service design and even less focused on Primary Health Care (PHC) in the literature. Therefore, this paper contributes to this domain by presenting the proposal of a co‐creative model to design PHC services. The proposed model was constructed based on the study of reference models in PHC and co‐design. Plan‐Do‐Check‐Act cycle and the Experience‐Based Co‐Design approach were used to structure the model. The resulting model contributes to (a) continuous improvement, (b) improvement analysis and registry, (c) identification and solution of PHC users' real needs, (d) community participation and empowerment, (e) creation of experience‐focused and patient‐centred services. The model's use of co‐creation enables patients and PHC staff to understand each other's needs and challenges, and to create together appropriate solutions to their communities and act toward more satisfying services.
Determining optimum applied water and seeding rates for winter wheat by using AquaCrop and mathematical‐economic analysis*
Authors: Moghimi Mohammad Mehdi , Shamshiri Ghazaleh , Shabani Ali , Kamgar‐Haghighi Ali Akbar , Fateh Mina , Mahmoudi Mohammad Reza 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe growing scarcity of water resources has made the need to optimize water consumption in the agricultural sector inevitable. In this study, the accuracy of the AquaCrop model in simulating the yield and dry matter of winter wheat under different plant densities and water levels was evaluated. Then using economic‐mathematical analysis, the optimum values of plant density and irrigation water were determined. Next, using time‐series models, the values of optimum irrigation water and economic yield were forecasted for the next 10 years. Results showed that the accuracy of the AquaCrop model to simulate grain yield and dry matter of winter wheat was very satisfactory. For seasonal rainfall of 289.9 and 394.5 mm (the values related to an occurrence probability of 50 and 80%, respectively), applying optimum irrigation water resulted in a 22.4 and 29.9% decrease in water consumption and 28.9 and 42.7% increase in land area and 47.4 and 50.2% increase in total benefit compared to full irrigation, respectively. The time‐series model used in this study was able to forecast optimum applied water with high accuracy. The forecasting results of this study can be used by farm managers and decision‐makers in water resources management in the study areas.
A complex Gaussian approach to molecular photoionization
Authors: Ammar Abdallah , Ancarani Lorenzo Ugo , Leclerc Arnaud 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe develop and implement a Gaussian approach to calculate partial cross‐sections and asymmetry parameters for molecular photoionization. Optimal sets of complex Gaussian‐type orbitals (cGTOs) are first obtained by nonlinear optimization, to best fit sets of Coulomb or distorted continuum wave functions for relevant orbital quantum numbers. This allows us to represent the radial wavefunction for the outgoing electron with accurate cGTO expansions. Within a time‐independent partial wave approach, we show that all the necessary transition integrals become analytical, in both length and velocity gauges, thus facilitating the numerical evaluation of photoionization observables. Illustrative results, presented for NH3 and H2O within a one‐active‐electron monocentric model, validate numerically the proposed strategy based on a complex Gaussian representation of continuum states.
The impact of rainfall distribution methods on streamflow throughout multiple elevations in the Rocky Mountains using the APEX model—Price River watershed, Utah
Authors: Worqlul Abeyou W. , Jeong Jaehak , Green Colleen H. M. , Abitew Tadesse A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe hydrology of mountainous watersheds in the western United States is significantly influenced by snow year‐round. It is widely known that topography affects precipitation; however, the knowledge of how watershed rainfall designation methods affect streamflow is not well understood for high‐relief areas. The objectives of this study were to assess the predictive capability of the Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model to simulate streamflow in a snowmelt‐dominated watershed with high spatial rainfall variability through (a) allocating weather stations to sub‐basins based on a conventional Thiessen polygon method (CM) or a rainfall‐elevation–based input (RE) and using an areal average Parameter‐Elevation Regression on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) rainfall designation and (b) improving the snowmelt processes in the Price River watershed, Utah. The updated APEX model with snowmelt parameters significantly improved spring flood simulation. The RE was the most robust method in snowmelt and seasonal streamflow simulations compared with the CM and PRISM rainfall designations. Adapting the APEX model to simulate snow‐dominant complex terrains will provide crucial water quantity and quality predictions for reliable environmental and watershed management assessment.
Tropical cyclone characteristics associated with extreme precipitation in the northern Philippines
Authors: Racoma Bernard Alan B. , Klingaman Nicholas P. , Holloway Christopher E. , Schiemann Reinhard K. H. , Bagtasa Gerry 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Philippines is exposed to tropical cyclones (TCs) throughout the year due to its location in the western North Pacific. While these TCs provide much‐needed precipitation for the country's hydrological cycle, extreme precipitation from TCs may also cause damaging hazards such as floods and landslides. This study examines the relationship between TC extreme precipitation and TC characteristics, including movement speed, intensity and season, for westward‐moving TCs crossing Luzon, northern Philippines. We measure extreme precipitation by the weighted precipitation exceedance (WPE), calculated against a 95th percentile threshold, which considers both the magnitude and spatial extent of TC‐related extreme precipitation. WPE has a significant, moderate positive relationship with TC intensity with a non‐significant, weak negative relationship with movement speed. When TCs are classified by intensity 1 day before landfall (or pre‐landfall), Typhoons (1‐min maximum sustained wind speed ≥64 knots) tend to yield higher WPE than non‐Typhoons (<64 knots). On the other hand, when TCs are classified by pre‐landfall speed, slow TCs (movement speed <11.38 knots) tend to yield higher WPE than fast TCs (movement speed ≥11.38 knots). However, the relationship between pre‐landfall TC intensity and WPE is more pronounced during June–September while there is no significant difference between the WPE of the southwest monsoon (June–September) and northeast monsoon (October–December) seasons. These results suggest that it is important to consider the pre‐landfall cyclone movement speed, intensity and season to anticipate extreme precipitation of incoming TCs. A decision table considering these factors is devised to aid in TC extreme precipitation forecasting.