bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miniature, highly sensitive MOSCAP ring modulators in co-optimized electronic-photonic CMOS
Authors: Gevorgyan Hayk , Khilo Anatol , Wade Mark T. , Stojanović Vladimir M. , Popović Miloš A. 
Published: November 2021

Convergence of high-performance silicon photonics and electronics, monolithically integrated in state-of-the-art CMOS platforms, is the holy grail for enabling the ultimate efficiencies, performance, and scaling of electronic-photonic systems-on-chip. It requires the emergence of platforms that combine state-of-the-art RF transistors with optimized silicon photonics, and a generation of photonic device technology with ultralow energies, increased operating spectrum, and the elimination of power-hungry thermal tuning. In this paper, in a co-optimized monolithic electronics-photonics platform (GlobalFoundries 45CLO), we turn the metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field-effect transistor’s basic structure into a novel, highly efficient MOS capacitor ring modulator. It has the smallest ring cavity (1.5 μm radius), largest corresponding spur-free free spectral range (

FSR
=
8.5

THz

), and record 30 GHz/V shift efficiency in the O-band among silicon modulators demonstrated to date. With

1

V

pp

RF drive, we show an open optical eye while electro-optically tuning the modulator to track over 400 pm (69 GHz) change in the laser wavelength (using

2.5

V

DC

range). A 90 GHz maximum electro-optic resonance shift is demonstrated with under 40 nW of power, providing a strong nonthermal tuning mechanism in a CMOS photonics platform. The modulator has a separately optimized body layer but shares the gate device layer and the gate oxide with 45 nm transistors, while meeting all CMOS manufacturability design rules. This type of convergent evolution of electronics and photonics may be the future of platforms for high-performance systems-on-chip.
Lock-in incoherent differential phase contrast imaging
Authors: Bonati Chiara , Loterie Damien , Laforest Timothé , Moser Christophe 
Published: November 2021

We introduce a lock-in method to increase the phase contrast in incoherent differential phase contrast (DPC) imaging. This method improves the phase sensitivity by the analog removal of the background. The use of a smart pixel detector with in-pixel signal demodulation, paired with synchronized switching illumination, provides the basis of a bit-efficient approach to emulate a lock-in DPC. The experiments show an increased sensitivity by a factor of up to 8, as expected from theory, and a reduction of collected data by a factor of 70, for equivalent standard DPC measurements; single-shot sensitivity of 0.7 mrad at a frame rate of 1400 frames per second is demonstrated. This new approach may open the way for the use of incoherent phase microscopy in biological applications where extreme phase sensitivity and millisecond response time are required.
Association of SNPs within TMPRSS6 and BMP2 genes with iron deficiency status in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Amer Osama M. , Oyouni Atif Abdulwahab A. , Alshehri Mohammed Ali , Alasmari Abdulrahman , Alzahrani Othman R. , Aljohani Saad Ali S. , Alasmael Noura , Theyab Abdulrahman , Algahtani Mohammad , Al Sadoun Hadeel , Alsharif Khalaf F. , Hamad Abdullah , Abdali Wed A. , Hawasawi Yousef MohammedRabaa 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundGlobally, iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a major health obstacle. This health condition has been identified in 47% of pre-school students (aged 0 to 5 years), 42% of pregnant females, and 30% of non-pregnant females (aged 15 to 50 years) worldwide according to the WHO. Environmental and genetic factors play a crucial role in the development of IDA; genetic testing has revealed the association of a number of polymorphisms with iron status and serum ferritin.AimThe current study aims to reveal the association ofTMPRSS6rs141312 andBMP2rs235756 with the iron status of females in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cohort of 108 female university students aged 18–25 years was randomly selected to participate: 50 healthy and 58 classified as iron deficient. A 3–5 mL sample of blood was collected from each one and analyzed based on hematological and biochemical iron status followed by genotyping by PCR.ResultsThe genotype distribution ofTMPRSS6rs141312 was 8% (TT), 88% (TC) and 4% (CC) in the healthy group compared with 3.45% (TT), 89.66% (TC) and 6.89% (CC) in the iron-deficient group (P = 0.492), an insignificant difference in the allelic distribution. The genotype distribution ofBMP2rs235756 was 8% (TT), 90% (TC) and 2% (CC) in the healthy group compared with 3.45% (TT), 82.76% (TC) and 13.79% (CC) in iron-deficient group (P = 0.050) and was significantly associated with decreased ferritin status (P = 0.050). In addition,TMPRSS6rs141312 is significantly (P<0.001) associated with dominant genotypes (TC+CC) and increased risk of IDA whileBMP2rs235756 is significantly(P<0.026)associated with recessive homozygote CC genotypes and increased risk of IDA.ConclusionOur finding potentially helps in the early prediction of iron deficiency in females through the genetic testing.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Qiao , Tan Chongqing , Yi Lidan , Wan Xiaomin , Peng Liubao , Li Jianhe , Luo Xia , Zeng Xiaohui 
Published: November 2021

Background
The phase III KEYNOTE-604 study confirmed the benefit of pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Taken into account the clinical benefits of pembrolizumab and its high cost, this study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of adding pembrolizumab to standard first-line etoposide-platinum (EP) for patients with ES-SCLC from the US payer perspective.

Methods
A Markov model was developed to compare the cost and quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of pembrolizumab plus EP and placebo plus EP over a 10-year time horizon. Clinical efficacy and safety data were pooled from the KEYNOTE-604 trial. Utilities were obtained from published resources. Costs were mainly collected from Medicare in 2020. Sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the robustness of our model.

Results
Adding pembrolizumab to standard first-line EP resulted in the better effectiveness than EP chemotherapy alone for ES-SCLC by 0.22 QALYs. Pembrolizumab plus EP was dominated economically by placebo plus EP, leading to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $334,373/ QALY. Deterministic sensitivity analyses indicated that the uncertainty in model parameters exerted no substantial effect on our results. Probability sensitivity analysis indicated that probabilities for pembrolizumab plus EP being cost-effective within a wide range of willingness to pay were modest.

Conclusion
From the US payer perspective, the first-line treatment for ES-SCLC with pembrolizumab plus EP was not cost-effective compared with placebo plus EP. Although pembrolizumab combination chemotherapy was beneficial to the survival of ES-SCLC, price reduction may be the necessary to improve its cost-effectiveness.
Utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services and associated factors among children aged 0-23 months in Banja District, Northwest Ethiopia 2020: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yeshaneh Alex , Fentahun Temesgen , Belachew Tefera , Mohammed Anissa , Adane Daniel 
Published: November 2021

Background
Growth monitoring and promotion are the basic malnutrition preventive strategies usually used to assess the growth of children using anthropometric measurements in comparison with world health organization standards. However, the utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services is inadequate in most developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the utilization of growth monitoring and promotion service and associated factors among children aged 0-23-month in Banja District, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2 to April 1, 2020. A total of 572 children were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using structured and pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.6 and analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 25. Both binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses with a 95% confidence level were used to identify the associated factors. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05.

Results
This finding revealed that the proportion of growth monitoring and promotion services utilization was 38.9% [95%CI: 34.8%, 43.0%]. Child age from 0-11 months [AOR = 4.98 (95% CI: 2.75,8.37)], mothers who can read and write Amharic language [AOR = 2.04 (95%CI: 1.02,4.08)], know the benefits of weighing their child monthly [AOR = 2.9 (95%CI: 1.23, 6.94)], presence of growth monitoring service nearby [AOR = 3.2 (95%CI: 1.59,6.31)] and monthly income ≥2000 Ethiopian birr [AOR = 1.75(95% CI = 1.08, 3.02)] were some of the factors significantly associated with utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services.

Conclusion and recommendation
The findings indicate that utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services is mainly affected by child age, mother/caregiver ability to read and write Amharic language, having maternal information on the benefit of the weighing child, presence of service nearby health facility, and mother/caregiver monthly income. Preparation of growth monitoring charts in local language (Awigna) and creating awareness on the proper utilization of growth monitoring and promotion services is strongly recommended.
PD-L1 expression on circulating tumor cells and platelets in patients with metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Darga Elizabeth P. , Dolce Emily M. , Fang Fang , Kidwell Kelley M. , Gersch Christina L. , Kregel Steven , Thomas Dafydd G. , Gill Anoop , Brown Martha E. , Gross Steven , Connelly Mark , Holinstat Michael , Cobain Erin F. , Rae James M. , Hayes Daniel F. , Paoletti Costanza 
Published: November 2021

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibition is effective in several cancers. Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on circulating tumor or immune effector cells could provide insights into selection of patients for immune checkpoint inhibition.

Methods
Whole blood was collected at serial timepoints from metastatic breast cancer patients and healthy donors for circulating tumor cell (CTC) and platelet PD-L1 analysis with a phycoerythrin-labeled anti-human PD-L1 monoclonal antibody (Biolegend clone 29E.2A3) using the CellSearch® assay. CTC PD-L1 was considered positive if detected on at least 1% of the cells; platelet PD-L1 was considered positive if ≥100 platelets per CellSearch frame expressed PD-L1.

Results
A total of 207 specimens from 124 metastatic breast cancer patients were collected. 52/124 (42%) samples at timepoint-1 (at or close to time of progressive disease) had ≥5 CTC/7.5ml whole blood. Of those, 21 (40%) had positive CTC PD-L1. In addition, platelet PD-L1 expression was observed in 35/124 (28%) at timepoint-1. Platelet PD-L1 was not detected in more than 70 specimens from 12 healthy donors. Platelet PD-L1 was associated with ≥5 CTC/7.5ml whole blood (p = 0.0002), less likely in patients with higher red blood cell counts (OR = 0.72, p<0.001) and a history of smoking tobacco (OR = 0.76, p<0.001). Platelet PD-L1 staining was not associated with tumor marker status, recent procedures or treatments, platelet-affecting drugs, or CTC PD-L1 expression.

Conclusion
PD-L1 expression was found in metastatic breast cancer patients on both CTC and platelets in an independent fashion. Inter-patient platelet PD-L1 expression was highly heterogeneous suggesting that it is a biological event associated with cancer in some but not all patients. Taken together, our data suggest that CTC and platelet PD-L1 expression could play a role in predicting which patients should receive immune checkpoint inhibition and as a pharmacodynamics biomarker during treatment.
Feminicidioin the International Courts: Agency and Responsibility in the Making of Justice
Authors: McKinnon Sara L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn 2009, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights ruled in González et al. (“Cotton Field”) v. Mexico that Mexico and the state of Chihuahua were responsible for cultivating conditions of feminicidio and pervasive structural violence against women. Drawing on theories of justice, agency, and responsibility, this essay examines the court’s legal decision to understand the power of rhetoric in creating the conditions for justice in the face of state-complicit structural violence. The court crafted a series of definitional, commemorative, and deliberative stipulations that Mexico had to recognize and implement to do justice to past and future victims of feminicidio. The Inter-American Court does important definitional work toward naming gender violence as structural violence, yet the court limits possibilities for justice in two important ways. The court figures Mexico as responsible and uses that frame to suggest that the state is the primary agent responsible for ensuring justice. While this is a common equation of agency and responsibility in legal cases, in matter of state-complicit structural violence, such configurations end up foreclosing the possibility of justice and augmenting the powers of the state.
A belföldi turizmus támogatását célzó koncepciótérkép a járványhelyzet idején
Authors: Molnár-Csomós Ilona 
Published: November 2021

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
A tanulmány azzal a céllal készült, hogy egy új online platform megalkotásával – mely a helyi sajátosságokra és a kutatómunka során feltárt információkra épül – segítségül szolgáljon a jelenlegi és jövőbeni pandémiás hatások mérséklésében, kiváltképp a belföldi turizmus tekintetében. Ennek a sokszereplős platformnak a kidolgozására a Business Model Canvas lett segítségül hívva, melynek helyességét a szekunder kutatómunkán túl, az országimázs-építéssel kapcsolatos kvalitatív, valamint az egyénileg szervezett utazások alapjául szolgáló preferenciák feltárása révén rendelkezésre álló kvantitatív kutatási eredmények is alátámasztották.
ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
A kvalitatív kutatómunka vázát a tizenegy szakértői mélyinterjú kiértékelése adta, a kvantitatív kutatás megvalósulását pedig a magyar és a külföldi válaszadók bevonása által létrejött (946 kitöltés, 871 érvényes válasz) kérdőíves felmérés biztosította. Míg a mélyinterjúk a pandémiát megelőző időszakban – 2017 tavaszán – kerültek lebonyolításra, addig a 18 nemzetiség válaszait felölelő angol és magyar nyelvű kérdőíves megkérdezés a 2020-as őszi kijárási korlátozások bevezetésének heteiben vette kezdetét. A kutatás kvalitatív aspektusa a hatékony országimázs-építés mikéntjeinek feltárására tett kísérletet mindamellett, hogy kvantitatív megközelítésből az egyénileg szervezett utazások mozgatórugóját jelentő fogyasztói szokások, valamint az adott utazás megszervezéséhez kapcsolódó informálódás pandémia idején alkalmazott módjait is vizsgálat alá vonta.
LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK
Az aktuális országkép feltérképezése során két jelentősen eltérő véleménnyel rendelkező tábor képe körvonalazódott ki. Az egyénileg szervezett utazások fogyasztói szokásokra visszavezethető preferenciái alapján pedig megállapítható, hogy kimagaslóan nagy arányban a „helyszín” a meghatározó, és a válaszadók 64%-a ezt a tényezőt sorolta a preferencia-sorrend 1. helyére. Az informálódást elősegítő digitális platformok típusának megnevezésén túl az is láthatóvá vált, hogy hol azonosíthatók a fogyasztói szokásokhoz kapcsolódó tényezők besorolásakor tetten érhető legnagyobb mértékű egyetértések.
JAVASLATOK
A hazai turizmus stabilizálásért tett erőfeszítések folyamatos támogatása kiemelkedő jelentőséggel bír. A folyamatos támogatás meglétét pedig egy olyan konceptuális platform megalkotása is segíthetné, amely a kutatómunka során feltárt adatokon alapul, és az eltérő vélemények közösnevezőre hozásán túl a tanulmány célkitűzését hivatott beteljesíteni.
Köszönetnyilvánítás: Kutatásvezetőként ezúton is szeretnék köszönetet mondani a kutatócsoport tagjainak, név szerint Gáspár Hannának, Győri Virág Antóniának, Kovács Annának, Murinová Barbarának, Sirák Blankának és Takács Gergely Péternek a lelkiismeretes hozzáállásért, valamint a kvantitatív háttérmunkában, kiváltképp a kétnyelvű kérdőívszerkesztésben, terjesztésben és feldolgozásban való proaktív részvételért.
Nilai Wasathiyah dan Harakah dalam Hukum Ekonomi Syariah: Sebuah Pendekatan Filosofis Sikap dan Persepsi Bankir terhadap Bunga Bank
Authors: Witro Doli 
Published: November 2021

Dalam proses pinjam meminjam, seiring perkembangan zaman manusia dikenalkan dengan sebuah sistem yang bernama perbankan. Kini perbankan terkesan dan dianggap sebagai wadah yang menjalankan praktek riba. Dalam hal ini, hukum Islam sebagai hukum yang mempunyai karakteristik atau watak yang berbeda dengan hukum lainnya diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi atas permasalahan tersebut. Adapun karakteristik yang dimiliki hukum Islam yaitu takamul (sempurna), wasathiyah (seimbang) dan harakah (bergerak). Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat pustaka. Selain itu, artikel ini juga menggunakan pendekatan filosofis. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari buku-buku dan jurnal-jurnal. Data dalam artikel ini disajiakan dengan naratif-deskriptif. Teknik analisis yang digunkan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan dalam filsafat hukum ekonomi syariah, nilai wasathiyah diartikan sebagai keseimbangan (pertengahan) dan harakah diartikan sebagai gerakan. Dalam menjawab permasalahan dalam ekonomi kontemporer diperlukan melihat dari sisi wasathiyah (keseimbangan) antara kedua belah pihak yang melakukan proses transaksi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan filosofis yang berpedoman nilai wasathiyah dan harakah, terdapat tiga persepsi dan pandangan para bankir terhadap bunga bank yaitu bankir pragmatis, bankir realis-mondernis, dan bankir fundamentalis.
Assessment of Energy Infrastructure in India: Is it Sustainable …….
Authors: Gupta Sumeet 
Published: November 2021

Energy is one of the important building blocks in human development and act as a key factor in determining the economic development of any country. To meeting the demands of a developing nation, Energy requirement in the Form of Coal, Gas, oil and most important Electricity is necessary. This paper attempts to present full picture of Indian energy sector which is growing rapidly. However since, resource allocation and growth in energy supply have failed to meet the demands exerted by the increasing population, rapid urbanization and growing economy. First we identify factor of energy shortage in India, forcing it to rely heavily on imports. Second we develop a multiple linear regression model which includes all independent variables (Population, Inflation, and GDP) to determine energy consumption in India. India is a developing economy. Energy requirement in India are basically electricity, oil, coal, biomass and gas. India’s energy-mix comprises both non-renewable (coal, lignite, petroleum and natural gas) and renewable energy sources (wind, solar, small hydro, biomass, cogeneration biogases etc.). Based on these model we give conclusion such that which independent variable (population, Inflation and GDP) is more impacting coal, oil, gas and electricity consumption in India as well as Current patterns of energy use and assumptions about future trends in economic activity, we constructed an activity driven model to forecast what would be the natural short term evolution of energy use in India for each end use segment by. Through analysis of current patterns of energy use, drivers of energy use were collected at the sub-sector level. We connected drivers of model with evolution of GDP to determine what would be the impact of economic growth on drivers of energy use. It also includes fuel or technology switching in the forecast.
Abses Otak Multipel pada Pasien Dewasa dengan Sindrom Eisenmenger: Laporan Kasus
Authors: Surpa Rio Tasti , Sugianto Paulus , Wahyuning Hadi Deby 
Published: November 2021

Pendahuluan: Abses otak merupakan penyebab morbiditas yang signifikan pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung kongenital sianotik seperti sindrom Eisenmenger. Sindrom Eisenmenger ditandai oleh hipertensi paru ireversibel yang berat dan shunting darah dari kanan ke kiri yang merupakan predisposisi terjadinya abses otak. Tulisan ini melaporkan kasus sindrom Eisenmenger dengan komplikasi abses otak. Kasus: Seorang laki-laki 29 tahun datang dengan keluhan kelemahan pada setengah tubuh bagian kanan yang progresif dan pelo yang dirasakan sejak 8 minggu sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Tidak didapatkan keluhan demam, nyeri kepala, muntah, riwayat cedera kepala dan kejang sebelumnya. Pasien ini baru mengetahui memiliki penyakit jantung bawaan sejak usia 16 tahun dan tidak pernah mendapatkan pengobatan. Tanda vital berada dalam batas normal. Saturasi oksigen pada pasien ini antara 88-92%. Pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan hemiparese kanan, kelumpuhan saraf fasial kanan tipe sentral, disartria, murmur sistolik derajat III/VI di intercostal IV parasternal kiri dan didapatkan jari tabuh. Pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan peningkatan hemoglobin (Hb 17,2 g/ dL) namun tidak ada peningkatan jumlah darah putih (WBC). Kultur darah dan sensitivitas bakteri negatif. Foto thorax didapatkan gambaran dextrocardia. Echocardiografi menunjukkan gambaran defek septum ventrikel dengan hipertensi paru aliran bidirectional dominan kanan ke kiri. CT scan kepala didapatkan lesi dengan cincin yang menyerap kontras di daerah parietal kiri dengan perivokal edema. MRI kepala didapatkan lesi multipel berkapsul, bentuk oval dengan batas tegas, tepi ireguler, disertai vasogenik edema disekitarnya, tampak cincin menyerap kontras di regio parietal kiri. Pasien ini membaik signifikan secara neurologis setelah pemberian antibiotik Ceftriaxon dan Metronidazol intravena selama 8 minggu. Kesimpulan: Abses otak multipel dapat merupakan penyulit dari sindrom Eisenmenger pada pasien dewasa dengan penyakit jantung bawaan yang tidak dikoreksi.