bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landau-Fermi liquids in disguise
Authors: Fabrizio Michele 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In periodic systems of interacting electrons, Fermi and Luttinger surfaces refer to the locations within the Brillouin zone of poles and zeros, respectively, of the single-particle Green's function at zero energy and temperature. Such difference in analytic properties underlies the emergence of well-defined quasiparticles close to a Fermi surface, in contrast to their supposed non-existence close to a Luttinger surface, where the single-particle density-of-states vanishes at zero energy.
We here show that, contrary to such common belief, coherent `quasiparticles` do exist also approaching a Luttinger surface in compressible interacting electron systems. Thermodynamic and dynamic properties of such `quasiparticles` are just those of conventional ones. For instance, they yield well defined quantum oscillations
in Luttinger's surface and linear in temperature specific heat, which is striking given the vanishing density of states of physical electrons, but actually not uncommon in strongly correlated materials.
Long-Term Exposure to PM10 Above WHO Guidelines Exacerbates COVID-19 Severity and Mortality
Authors: Marquès Montse , Correig Eudald , Ibarretxe Daiana , Anoro Eva , Arroyo Juan Antonio , Jericó Carlos , Borrallo Rosa M. , Miret Marcel·la , Näf Silvia , Pardo Anna , Perea Verónica , Pérez-Bernalte Rosa , Ramírez-Montesinos Rafael , Royuela Meritxell , Soler Cristina , Urquizu-Padilla Maria , Zamora Alberto , Pedro-Botet Juan , Masana Lluís , Domingo José L. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A retrospective observational study with patients suffering COVID-19 was performed to assess the underlying effect of long-term exposure to NO2 and PM10 on the COVID-19 outcomes. We built multivariate predictive models to assess the relationship between the long-term exposure to NO2 and PM10 and COVID-19 outcomes. The probability of either death or severe COVID-19 outcome and the percentage of dead or severe patients were predicted, while odds ratios and effects estimates were calculated. Whilst the long-term exposure to NO2 is a variable with a rather low importance in the prediction of COVID-19 health outcomes, the long-term exposure to PM10 is a more important variable than some stated comorbidities. PM10 showed the highest effects estimates (1.65, 95% CI 1.32-2.06) on COVID-19 severity. For mortality, the highest effect estimates corresponded to age (3.59, 95% CI 2.94-4.40), followed by PM10 (2.37, 95% CI 1.71-3.32). Finally, an increase of 1 µg/m3 in PM10 concentration causes an increase of 3.06% (95% CI 1.11%-4.25%) and 2.68% (95% CI 0.53%-5.58%) of patients suffering COVID-19 as a severe disease and deaths, respectively. These results demonstrate that long-term PM10 burdens above WHO guidelines exacerbate COVID-19 outcomes, while it must be considered for an accurate medical prognosis of COVID-19.
Fuzzy-Model-Based Robust Control of Markov Jump Nonlinear Systems With Incomplete Transition Probabilities and Uncertain Packet Dropouts
Authors: Xu Zeyuan , Er Meng Joo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Interval type-2 fuzzy Markov jump systems (IT2FMJSs) have received much attention because they can better describe complex nonlinear systems with uncertainties and stochastic system mode switching. Over the past decade, many excellent results of fuzzy MJSs (FMJSs) have been reported. However, the transition probabilities which govern the dynamic behaviour of MJSs have been assumed to be completely known, limiting real-world applications of existing results. Different from the previous studies, transition probabilities between system modes switching are partly unknown, and packet dropouts of data transmission are uncertain in this study. The main contributions of this work are: (1) To analyze stochastic stability and reduce conservatism, a novel Lyapunov function which both depends on system mode and fuzzy basis function is constructed; (2) The existence of a mode-dependent and fuzzy-basis-dependent state-feedback controller is investigated; (3) The closedloop system is stochastically stable with a desired H∞ performance, thereby addressing the problem of incomplete transition probabilities and uncertain packet dropouts. An illustrative example of a robot arm is used to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed approach. By virtue of the proposed approach, the effects of incomplete transition probabilities and uncertain packet dropouts on IT2FMJSs are alleviated.
Neonatal Physiological Jaundice and Repertoire of Movements on the Second or Third Days of Life
Authors: Witanowska Jolanta , Doroniewicz Iwona , Affanasowicz Alicja , Jarecka Beata , Bugdol Monika , Ledwoń Daniel , Danch-Wierzchowska Marta , Matyja Małgorzata , Wojcieszczyk-Bacia Joanna , Myśliwiec Andrzej 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Physiological jaundice appears after the first day of life and has a mild form in most cases. High bilirubin levels can lead to jaundice of the basal ganglia and cause severe movement disorders in the form of extrapyramidal forms of cerebral palsy. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of bilirubin levels on the motor activity of infants and the relationship between bilirubin levels and selected sociometric and biometric characteristics. The study included a group of 77 newborns of both sexes. Medical records were analyzed to determine their socio- and biometric characteristics. Bilirubin levels were evaluated using transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measurement with a Minolta JM-103 jaundice meter according to Kramer’s method consisting in bilirubin measurements in different parts of the body. The head measurement was considered the most important for infants on the second or third day of life, and it was considered a reference for other variables. Analysis of neonatal activity was performed using video recording with a Sony camera with Full HD 1080p resolution (1920x1080, 60 fps). Each infant was assessed independently by three experts qualified in Prechtel's General Movements Assessment diagnosis. No statistically significant differences in quantitative movement characteristics were observed between infants with normal and elevated bilirubin levels. The relationships were found between sociometric and biometric characteristics and bilirubin levels measured on the head. The analyses indicated that in the course of physiological jaundice, the bilirubin levels had no effect on their qualitative and quantitative movement parameters in the group of infants studied.
Cryoprotective Effect of Pentoxifylline on Spermatogonial Stem Cell During Transplantation Into Azoospermic Torsion Mouse Model
Authors: Malekzadeh Mehrnoush , Takzaree Nasrin , Toolee Heidar , Kazemzadeh Shokoofeh , Khanmohammadi Nasrin , Solhjoo Somayeh , Sadeghiani Ghazaleh , Shabani Maryam , Rastegar Tayebeh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPreserving the spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in long periods of time during the treatment of male infertility using stem cell banking systems and transplantation is an important issue. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop an optimal cryopreservation protocol for SSCs using 10 mM pentoxifylline (PTX) as an antioxidant in basal freezing medium.MethodsTesticular torsion - a mouse model for long-term infertility- was used to transplant fresh SSCs (n=6), fresh SSCs treated with PTX (n=6), cryopreserved SSCs with basal freezing medium (n=6) and cryopreserved SSCs treated with PTX (n=6). Eight weeks after germ cell transplantation, samples were assessed for proliferation, through evaluation of Ddx4 and Id4 markers, and differentiation via evaluation of C‐Kit and Sycp3, Tnp1, Tnp2, and Prm1 markers.ResultsAccording to morphological and flow cytometry results, SSCs are able to form colonies and express Gfra1, ID4, α6‐integrin and β1‐integrin markers. We found positive influence from PTX on proliferative and differentiative markers in SSCs transplanted to azoospermic mice. In the recipient testis, donor SSCs formed spermatogenic colonies and sperm. ConclusionRespecting these data, adding pentoxifylline is a practical way to precisely cryopreserve germ cells enriched for SSCs in cryopreservation, and this procedure could become an efficient method to restore fertility in a clinical setup. However, more studies are needed to ensure its safety in the long term.
Prognostic Significance of Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Middle-Low Rectal Cancer Patients with Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Metastasis: A Propensity Score Matching Study
Authors: Zhou Sicheng , Jiang Yujuan , Pei Wei , Liang Jianwei , Zhou Zhixiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThere is still controversy regarding whether the addition of lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPND) to total mesorectal excision (TME) confers survival benefits to rectal cancer patients with clinical lateral pelvic node metastasis (LPNM). MethodsPatients who underwent TME+LPND were systematically reviewed and divided into the LPNM group (n=29) and the non-LPNM group (n=112). The LPNM group were further subdivided into a high-risk LPNM group (n=14) and a low-risk LPNM group (n=15). Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize selection bias.ResultsOf the 141 patients undergoing LPND, the local recurrence rate of patients with LPNM was significantly higher than that of patients without LPNM both before (27.6% vs. 4.5%, P=0.001) and after (27.6% vs 3.4%, P=0.025) PSM. Multivariate analysis revealed that LPNM was an independent risk factor for not only OS (HR: 3.06; 95% CI, 1.15–8.17; P=0.025) but also DFS (HR: 2.39; 95% CI, 1.18–4.87; P=0.016) in patients with LPNM after TME+LPND. When the LPNM group was further subdivided, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that OS and DFS were significantly better in the low-risk group (obturator/internal iliac artery region and < 2 positive LPNs).ConclusionEven after LPND, LPNM patients have a high local recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Moreover, LPNM is an independent poor prognostic factor affecting OS and DFS after TME+LPND. However, LPND appears to confer survival benefits to specific patients with single LPN involvement in the obturator region or internal iliac vessel region.
Independent control of amplitude and period in the synthetic repressilator
Authors: Zhang Fengyu , Sun Yanhong , Zhang Yihao , Shen Wenting , Wang Shujing , Ouyang Qi , Luo Chunxiong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Synthetic Biology aims to create predictable biological circuits and fully operational biological systems. Although there are methods to create more stable oscillators, such as repressilators, orthogonally controlling the oscillation of reporter genes in terms of their amplitude and period is only on theoretical level. Here, we introduce a new oscillator circuit that can be orthogonally controlled by two inducers in Escherichia coli. Some control components, including σECF11 and NahR, were added to the circuit. By systematically tuning the concentration of the inducers, salicylate and IPTG, the amplitude and period can be modulated independently. Furthermore, we constructed a quantitative model to forecast the regulation results. Under the guidance of the model, the expected oscillation can be regulated by choosing the proper concentration combinations of inducers. In summary, our work achieved orthogonal control of the oscillator circuit, which allows the oscillator to be modularized and used in more complex circuit designs.
Callicarpa Nudiflora Extract Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effect on H. Pylori-Associated Gastritis Through Repression of ROS/NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β Signaling Axis
Authors: Li Lili , Zhu Xiaohui , Chai Xingxing , Chen Xiaoyu , Su Xiaohua , Bao Bo , Feng Shixiu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is a major pathogenic factor for the development of gastric diseases including chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. Callicarpa nudiflora (CN), an air-dried leaves extract of Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. & Arn., has been found to exhibit a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect. In our study, we extracted the active ingredient from air-dried leaves of Callicarpa nudiflora, detected the effect of CN against H. pylori -infected GES-1 cells in vitro , and elucidated the underlying mechanism. GES-1 cells were cocultured with HPSS1 at MOI = 100:1 and treated with different concentrations of CN. Results indicated that CN not only significantly decreased cellular lactate dehydrogenase leakage, but also markedly attenuated H. pylori -induced cell apoptosis and ROS production in GSE-1 cells, therefore protecting gastric epithelial cells against injuries caused by H. pylori . CN also inhibited the secretions of inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Furthermore, CN remarkably decreased the expression levels of NLRP3, PYCARD, active Caspase-1. In conclusion, CN exhibited highly efficient protective effect against H. pylori -induced gastritis and cell damage; Mechanismly, CN suppressed H. pylori -triggered inflammatory response and pyroptosis through depressing ROS production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation via ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling axis.
Prevalence and Forms of Sexual Violence Among Women Seeking HIV Services At Selected Health Facilities in Buhweju District, Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Agaba Kenneth , Sikon Ebenezer Felex , Nakaweesa Scarlet J. , Sanyu Nabatanzi Esther , Rukundo Godfrey , Mwebembezi Gerald , Tusiime Beneth Kaginda 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Sexual violence is a global health concern affecting more than a third of women especially those in low and middle income countries. HIV is one of the consequences of sexual violence but it can also be a risk factor. Different forms and contexts of sexual violence exist and have a negative impact on the psychological wellbeing and health care seeking behaviour and of the victims and their families. This study determined the prevalence and forms of sexual violence among women seeking HIV services at selected health facilities in Buhweju district, southwestern Uganda.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among 324 HIV positive women in four health facilities in Buhweju district, southwestern Uganda. We used a researcher administered questionnaire to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, burden and forms of sexual violence, services sought by the victims and sexual violence screening by health workers. Data were analyzed with Chi square and logistic regression using SPSS version 20 at 95% level of significance Results: A total of 324 women participated in the study with a mean age of 35.05 ± 12.212 years and majority had primary level of education. The prevalence of sexual violence among the study participants was 32.7% (106/324). The most common forms of sexual violence were sexual humiliation, forced genital touching and insertion of an object into genitalia. Husbands of the victims were the most common perpetrators, less than a quarter of the victims of sexual violence disclosed the incidents and only 15% of the victims sought medical help. The common medical help sought included post-exposure prophylaxis (4.9%), HIV test (9.3%) and emergency contraception (5.6%). Being married (p = 0.035, 95%CI 0.069-0.905) was protective against sexual violence.Conclusion and recommendation: A third of HIV women seeking care from health facilities in Buhweju district experience sexual violence, more than three quarters of the victims do not disclose the incidents to other people and very few seek medical help. The most common forms of sexual violence include sexual humiliation, forced genital touching and insertion of an object into genitalia.
LncRNA CRYM-AS1 Inhibits Gastric Cancer Progression via Epigenetically Regulating CRYM
Authors: Zhang Peipei , Chen Changyu , Zhang Jiajia , Yu Xin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: To study the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) CRYM-AS1 in human gastric cancer. Methods: Expression levels of CRYM-AS1 in cell lines and clinical tissues were examined by RT-qPCR. The association between CRYM-AS1 levels and clinicopathological parameters / survival rates of gastric cancer patients was analyzed.Cell functional experiments including MTT assay, glucose consumption / lactate production / ATP production detection were performed to examine the role of CRYM-AS1 in cell aerobic glycolysis and cell proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Subcellular fractionation location detection, western blot, RIP (RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation) assay, CHIP (Chromatin immunoprecipitation) assay and BSP (Bisulfite sequencing PCR) assay were carried out to explore the molecular mechanism of CRYM-AS1 in gastric cancer cells.Results: CRYM-AS1 was low expressed in gastric cancer cells and tissues compared with normal gastric cells and tissues respectively. CRYM-AS1 was negatively correlated with TNM staging, tumor size and overall survival (OS) rate in gastric cancer patients. CRYM-AS1 inhibited gastric cancer cell aerobic glycolysis and cell proliferation. CRYM-AS1 directly bound to EZH2 and mediated the CRYM promoter methylation and consequently negatively regulated the expression of CRYM. Forced expression of CRYM rescued the decreased aerobic glycolysis and cell proliferation induced by CRYM-AS1 in gastric cancer cells.Conclusion: CRYM-AS1 was an important biomarker and could be used for human gastric cancer treatment.
Segmental Strain for Myocardial Scar Detection in Acute Infarcts and Follow-Up CMR Using Non-Contrast Cine Images
Authors: Polacin Malgorzata , Karolyi Mihaly , Eberhard Matthias , Gotschy Alexander , Matziris Ioannis , Alkadhi Hatem , Kozerke Sebastian , Manka Robert 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aims Scar tissue from myocardial infarction is best visualized with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Gadolinium-free alternatives for detection of myocardial scars are limited. This study investigated the feasibility of myocardial scar detection in acute infarcts and follow-up CMR using non-contrast cine images. Methods Fifty-seven patients with acute infarcts (15 female, mean age 61 ± 12 years, CMR 2.8 ± 2 days after infarction) were retrospectively evaluated with follow-up CMR exams available in thirty-two patients (9 female, 35 ± 14 days after infarction). Twenty-eight patients with normal CMR scans (2 female, mean age 47 ± 8 years) served as controls. Global and segmental strain parameters (global peak circumferential [GPCS], global peak longitudinal [GPLS], global peak radial strain [GPRS], segmental peak circumferential [SPCS], segmental peak longitudinal [SPLS], and segmental peak radial strain [SPRS]) were calculated from standard non-contrast balanced SSFP cine sequences using commercially available software (Segment CMR, Medviso, Sweden). Visual assessment of wall motion abnormalities on short axis cine images, as well as segmental circumferential strain calculations (endo-/epicardially contoured short axis cine and resulting polar plot strain map) of every patient (acute imaging and follow-up CMR) and control were presented for two blinded readers in random order, who were advised to localize potentially infarcted segments, blinded to LGE images and clinical information.Results While global strain values were impaired in patients with acute infarcts compared to controls (GPCS p= 0.01; GPLS p= 0.04; GPRS p= 0.01), global strain was similar between first CMR and follow-up imaging in the subgroup of 32 patients (GPCS p= 0.7; GPLS p=0.8; GPRS p=0.2). In acute infarcts and in follow-up CMR, patients had reduced mean SPCS in infarcted segments compared to remote myocardium (acute p= 0.03, follow-up exams p= 0.02). SPCS values in infarcted areas were similar in acute infarcts and in follow-up exams (p=0.8). In acute infarcts 74.6% of all in LGE infarcted segments (141/189) were correctly localized in polar plot strain maps compared to 44.4% (84/189) of infarcted segments detected by visual wall motion assessment only (p < 0.01). In follow-up exams, 81.5% of all in LGE infarcted segments (93/114 segments) were correctly localized in polar plot strain maps compared to 51.8% (59/114) of infarcted segments detected by visual wall motion assessment (p < 0.01).Conclusion Segmental circumferential strain derived from routinely acquired cine sequences detects nearly 75% acute infarcts and about 80% of infarcts in follow-up CMR and can potentially be used for scar identification based on non-contrast cine images, when gadolinium cant not be applied or LGE images are not available.
Surface Defects Inspection of Cylindrical Metal Workpieces Based on Weakly Supervised Learning
Authors: Ye Mu , Zhang Weiwei , Cui Guohua , Wang Xiaolan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In industrial vision system, metal surface is anisotropic under light in all directions and it is inevitable to cause local overexposure due to the natural reflection of active strong light, especially on the cylindrical metal surface. In this paper, injector valve is taken as the representative of cylindrical metal workpieces. Since the variety and complexity of cylindrical metal workpieces defects, and its contrast with the background of workpieces fluctuates, making samples annotating time-consuming and be of high cost. In order to solve the above challenges, this paper proposes an end-to-end weakly supervised learning framework to classify and segment defects. Firstly, a deep integrated residual attention convolutional neural network (IRA-CNN) is designed. IRA-CNN is composed of multiple IRA-Block. Two residual maps are included in IRA-Block to improve its bilateral nonlinearity and the robustness. IRA-block adds integrated attention module (IAM) which includes channel attention submodule and spatial attention submodule. The channel attention submodule adaptively extracts information from the global average pool layer and the global maximum pool layer to obtain the channel attention feature map. IAM can be well integrated into the IRA-CNN makes the neural network suppress the interference of useless background area and highlight the defect area. Finally, the weakly supervised segmentation method relies on Grad-CAM++ to generate saliency map to improve segmentation accuracy. The experimental results show that the accuracy of defect classification reaches 97.7\% and the segmentation accuracy is significantly improved compared with the benchmark method in the injector valve dataset which include 6747 images.
Tridimensional Study of the Vertebral Body in Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures Treated with Percutaneous Vertebroplasty.
Authors: Payo-Ollero Jesús , Llombart-Blanco Rafael , Villas Carlos , Alfonso Matías 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Many studies analyze the increase in vertebral body height after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in the sagittal plane. However, the vertebral body is a three-dimensional structure. The aim of this study is to determine if there is a volume change in the vertebral body after PVP, and to determine possible differences according to the spine segment treated. This prospective study included 25 patients (51 vertebrae, BMI 26.4kg/m2, T-score − 2.6) treated with PVP. The volumetric study was performed with MRI pre and post-surgery. We studied the amount of injected cement, the volume of cement inside the vertebral body, the fractured vertebra volume, percentage of volume loss, percentage of volume restoration and percentage of bone filling. Thoracolumbar fractures predominated. The average volume of injected cement was 3.6ml (range, 0.9–6.5). The volume loss was 4.1±3.3ml (16.2%). In the vertebral body, there was an increase in volume after PVP (difference + 1.6±1.6ml, 95% CI 1.1–2.03). Volume restoration was 1.6±1.6ml. Percentage of bone cement filling was 13.3%±4.5. There were no differences between the spine segments treated (P > 0.05). PVP increases the volume of the fractured vertebra approximately 40% of the volume loss. The volumetric changes after PVP were similar in the different spine segments treated.