bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the amount of formal care affect informal care? Evidence among over-60s in France
Authors: Perdrix Elsa , Roquebert Quitterie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the causal effect of the amount of formal care used on the informal care received by formal care users. We use an original instrument for formal care volume based on local disparities (NUTS 3 level, 96 units) in the price of formal care. Using the French CARE survey, we use a two-part model to assess the effect of formal care on the extensive and the intensive margin of informal care. An increase in the amount of formal care is found to be associated with a small decrease in the probability of using informal care. Heterogeneity tests show that this negative effect is mainly driven by help for daily activities provided by women. At the intensive margin, informal care is not significantly affected by the amount of formal care. Reforms increasing subsidies for formal care can thus be suspected to have a limited effect on informal care arrangements.
The sensitivity of hospital coding to prices: evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Chalkley Martin , Hidayat Budi , Ramadani Royasia Viki , Aragón María José 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study examines a newly introduced DRG system in Indonesia. We use secondary data for 2015 and 2017 from Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), a patient level dataset for Indonesia created in 2014 to record public and private hospitals’ claims to the national health insurance system to investigate whether there is an association between changes in tariffs paid and the severity of inpatient activity recorded in hospitals. We find a consistent small, positive and statistically significant correlation between changes in tariffs and changes in concentration of activity, indicating discretionary but limited coding behaviour by hospitals. The results indicate that reducing price differentials may mitigate discretionary coding, but that the benefits of this are limited and need to be compared to the potential risk of having to rebase all prices upwards.
Karpik in the Bottle: Can Judgment Devices Explain the Demand for Fine Wine?
Authors: Schenk Patrick 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProcesses of valuation and evaluation are especially complex and uncertain in markets for unique products. Consider the purchase of a bottle of fine wine. Each wine was produced in a certain region, on a particular soil, by a famous wine producer, employing methods handed down for centuries. How can consumers compare unique products in order to make a choice? How is a market for singular products possible? According to Lucien Karpik’s economics of singularities, such markets necessarily rely on social actors and artifacts providing knowledge on how to compare unique products, called judgment devices. To systematically assess the explanatory contribution of Karpik’s approach, this paper empirically tests fundamental propositions of the economics of singularities in a quantitative framework, examining the case of the demand for fine wine. The analysis provides ample support for Karpik’s theory. First, wine demand is substantially correlated with the use of judgment devices. Second, the effects of judgment devices on product demand cannot be explained by information deficits, in line with the theoretical arguments. However, the analysis also reveals deviations from the theoretical expectations. Certain judgment devices prove more important for the demand for higher priced wines than predicted, whereas others play a more minor role. Furthermore, the use of judgment devices is substantially linked to social distinction, something Karpik’s theory overlooks.
Fish Parasite Community of Three Lakes with Different Trophic Status in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany
Authors: Suthar Jaydipbhai , Unger Patrick , Palm Harry W. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The present study investigates the fish parasite fauna from Lake Tollense, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany.

Methods
A total of 117 perch (Perca fluviatilis), bream (Abramis brama) and roach (Rutilus rutilus) were sampled for parasites during 2018 and 2019 from Lake Tollense and compared with earlier data from Lake Malchin and Lake Hohen Sprenz in 2011 and 2014, respectively. Parasites were identified based on morphological and molecular characters.

Results
A total of 32 parasite species were isolated from fishes of Lake Tollense, predominated by digeneans. Diplostomum baeri was found only in perch while D. spathacaeum was isolated from bream and roach. Parasite comparison of similar hosts between lakes revealed highly abundant Ichthyocotylurus spp. in perch and bream of Lake Malchin while Aspidogaster limacoides was most common in roach from Lake Tollense. Diversity indices of roach showed significant variation between localities. However, NMDS graph revealed separation of the three freshwater habitats based on the parasite fauna of perch, bream and roach.

Conclusion
Based on the multivariate statistical analysis, the three natural inland water bodies could be distinguished based on the parasite communities of perch, bream and roach. The potential to utilise fish parasites as biological indicators in freshwater ecosystem is discussed.
World Child Well-Being Index: A Multidimensional Perspective
Authors: Prada Albino , Sanchez-Fernandez Patricio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis work aims to understand the situation of children within a particular territory and assess the different dimensions of this scenario. To this end we develop a multidimensional indicator to synthesize the most relevant dimensions and indicators around the world at a country level. Our results not only identify the aspects exerting the greatest impact on infant well-being, but also provide a full international comparison. The ranking obtained allows us to compare among countries, thus highlighting differences in the transformation of wealth into infant well-being. Moreover, incorporating gender into the analysis provides a new and relevant perspective.
Evolution of the Ladakh Magmatic Arc
Authors: Bhat Irfan Maqbool , Ahmad Talat 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
In this contribution, the evolution of the Ladakh magmatic arc encompassing ca 160 Ma history from subduction initiation to intra-oceanic arc collision to final continent-continent collision is summarized. The observed compositional variation in Ladakh magmatic arc reflects directional maturity from mafic magmatism towards south to more acidic magmatism towards north, and therefore indicating northward dipping subduction. Based on the ca 160 Ma Neo-Tethys geodynamic reconstruction, the evolution of the Ladakh magmatism can be summarized into three distinct time periods; (i) from 160 to 80 Ma, representing intra-oceanic island arc (IOIA) complex dominantly of mafic magmatism, (ii) from 80 to 50 Ma, the magmatism shifts to felsic composition (involving Indian continental margin) in the form of Kohistan-Ladakh batholith and (iii) from 35 to 18 Ma, the magmatism occurred in the form of post-collisional dykes. We also support the double collision model of Ahmad et al. (2008), according to which the first collision occurred between IOIA complex (including Kohistan-Ladakh batholith) with southern margin of Asia during mid-Cretaceous to late-Cretaceous along Shyok Suture Zone (SSZ). Finally, the accreted IOIA and Asian plate margin collided with the northern margin of Indian plate during Late Eocene ~40 Ma along the Indus Suture Zone (ISZ).
Geostatistical Modelling of a High-grade Iron Ore Deposit
Authors: Singh Rahul K. , Sarkar Bhabesh C. , Ray Dipankar 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Precambrian banded iron formations (BIFs) of Singhbhum-Keonjhar-Bonai iron ore belt in eastern India host several high grade iron ore deposits. The deposits have been formed due to supergene enrichment of parent BIFs by gradual removal of SiO2 and Al2O3 under continuous process of leaching. With intensity of leaching differing spatially, the deposits exhibit variation in Fe-grade both laterally and vertically. The extent of such variation in space is a function of the scale at which observations are made. Modelling of spatial variabilities at observation scale provides an appropriate means to estimate spatially distributed block values. The present study focusses on spatial variability analysis, ordinary kriging (OK) and sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS) for Fe-grade modelling using drill-hole exploration data of a high grade iron ore deposit located in the Singhbhum-Keonjhar-Bonai iron ore belt. Classical statistical modelling revealed a three-parameter lognormal fit to the negatively skewed Fe distribution, and a two-parameter lognormal fit to the positively skewed SiO2 and Al2O3 distributions. Spatial variability modelling revealed a spherical model fit in respect of Fe, SiO2 and Al2O3. A moderately high ratio of nugget-to-sill variance reflect intrinsic characteristic of banded nature of Fe mineralization as evident in BIFs with varying proportions of iron, alumina and silica. Blocks of 15m x 15m x 10m size equalling the dimension of a mining unit configured within a 3D volume bounded vertically between 875 mRL and 705 mRL and laterally between 310W to 540E and 260S to 1600N have been evaluated employing OK. Stacking of altogether seventeen horizontal slices vertically down from 870 mRL to 710 mRL led to an estimate of iron ore inventory as 124.48 mt with overall mean kriged estimate as 63.93% and mean kriging variance as 2.83 (%)2. Statistical regression analysis of OK estimates and original sample values provided a regression slope of 1.03, thereby qualifying the conditional unbiasedness of the OK estimates. SGS study provided multiple equi-probable realisations with histogram and spatial variability closely approximating to that of the original sample values.
Copper and Associated Uranium Mineralisation in Mayurbhanj Granite Batholith, Kesharpur-Madansahi-Dudhiasol Sector, Eastern India: A Promising Future Prospect
Authors: Mahanta Haraman , Khan Israil , Samala Sai Kumar , Kumar S. Syam 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Appreciable amount of copper mineralisation dominated by chalcopyrite along with incidence of uranium within the Mayurbhanj granite batholith in Kesharpur-Madansahi-Dudhiasol sector has been established through preliminary exploration (UNFC-G3). Chalcopyrite-pyrite-pyrrhotite assemblages along with minor pentlandite seems to be preferably controlled through secondary structural shear fabric and vein selvages along the contact zones of granite and country rocks viz. hornblende biotite schist and metabasics. Hydrothermal alteration is notably marked by potassic, propyllitic and phyllic zones besides wide chloritisation and silicification in close proximity and within mineralised zone. Three potential prospects of significant copper mineralisation in terms of thickness and grade have been brought out at Kesharpur, Madansahi and Dudhiasol. These prospects show a linear lensoidal synformal disposition of the ore body trending NE-SW in eastern part to E-W in central part and NW-SE in the western part with moderate to steep northerly dipping. Out of these three prospects, Madansahi is quite promising where thickness of copper lodes varying from 2.00 m to 18.35 m and grade varies from 0.20% Cu to 1.76% with maximum nickel concentration of up to 0.13%. Occurrence of copper mineralisation along with nickel concentration and anomalous uranium values up to 0.045% U3O8 is a significant achievement in establishing polymetallic mineralisation and augmenting the mineral resources in eastern India.
Source Parameters of Shallow Microtremors Induced by Seasonal Groundwater Recharge in Hyderabad, Southern Peninsular India
Authors: Parvin S. Shaheena , Naresh B. , Raghavan R. Vijaya , Raju P. Solomon , Suresh G. , Srinagesh D. , Surinaidu L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Source parameters were estimated using multiple empirical Green’s functions (meGf) method for 2 clusters of shallow depth and small-magnitude earthquakes induced by the infiltration due to gravity into the groundwater zone after heavy monsoons during October 1998 and October 2017, in Hyderabad, South India. First, four decades of earthquake catalogue data recorded by HYB seismic station at CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI) was used to characterize the spatiotemporal variation in seismicity. Enhanced seismicity was noticed because of the strong seasonal fluctuations of the groundwater table during the post-monsoon season. Second, focus was on the estimation of source parameters for two cluster of swarm events whose local magnitude (Ml) are in -0.09&lt;Ml&lt;1.52 range. Stress drops (&lt;1Mpa) was observed in correlation with the seismic moment for both earthquakes sequence. The results indicate that the difference in corner frequency between the two swarm sequences is more than a factor of two, which results in a difference of more than an order of magnitude in the stress drop and seismic moment. The spatial migration of micro-earthquakes is most striking feature observed in both series of microearthquakes because of the diffusion of fluids. Groundwater level response in post monsoon have a significant effect in triggering the earthquakes during the observed time period. The spectrograms are estimated to understand the mechanism of sounds generated by the events with shallow hypocentres during 2017 swarm activity. Spectrogram analysis of the events revealed high energy at frequencies ≥20 Hz. In addition, the particle motion was dominated by retrograde elliptical motion consistent with Rayleigh waves at higher frequencies. This study of source parameter characterization of swarm activity may provide additional information about induced seismicity for seasonal fluctuations.
Biogas production from anaerobic digestion of solid microalgae residues generated on different processes of microalgae-to-biofuel production
Authors: Torres Alica , Padrino Suleima , Brito Andrea , Díaz Laura 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this work, the anaerobic digestion of three microalgae (Chlorella sp., Nannochloropsis sp., and Scenedesmus sp.) and their residues, resulting from the oil extraction process and the in situ transesterification reaction for biodiesel production, using two inoculums (sewage sludge and poultry manure) for biogas production was investigated. It was found that the biogas production from digestion of oil-extracted microalgae residue with sewage sludge reached values ​​similar to those obtained with raw microalgae (around 500 NL kg−1 VS). Both the volume of biogas generated from the microalgae residue from the extraction process of its oil and the quality of the biogas produced reflect the value of this residue to be valorized by anaerobic digestion. This approach based on a biorefinery concept and focusing on the anaerobic digestion process could be a key technology for energy production from biomass.
Dairy products and bone health
Authors: Rizzoli René 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBone mineral mass, geometry and microstructure, hence determinants of fracture risk, result bone accrual during growth and bone loss later in life. Peak bone mass, which is reached by the end of the second decade of life, is mainly determined by genetic factors. Among other factors influencing bone capital, dietary intakes, particularly calcium and protein, play a significant role in peak bone mass attainment. Both nutrients are provided in dairy products, which accounts for 50–60% and 20–30% of the daily calcium and protein intakes, respectively. Children avoiding dairy products are at higher risk of fracture, as are adults or older individuals following a diet devoid of dairy products, like vegans. Various intervention trials have shown some beneficial effects of dairy products on bone capital accumulation during growth and on bone turnover in adults. In observational studies, dairy products intake, particularly the fermented ones, which also provide probiotics in addition to calcium, phosphorus and protein, appear to be associated with a lower risk of hip fracture.
Process parameter determination for small recycling plants for the production of filament for FFF printing using the Taguchi method
Authors: Hartig Sascha , Hildebrandt Lennart , Fette Marc , Meyer Tobias , Musienko Eugen , Redlich Tobias , Wulfsberg Jens 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWith the increasing use of the filament fabrication process, the in-house production of filament and the recycling of PLA waste is becoming more and more important. Small desktop filament extruders with associated peripherals enable small businesses and private users to carry out these recycling processes. Determing the right process parameters is of crucial importance here. These are usually only issued by the polymer manufacturer and the machine manufacturer. However, the development of own process parameters is important for new polymer compounds, as well as polymers with unknown manufacturers, as is typical in recycling. The common Taguchi method, which is used for process optimisation within the FFF process, was also used in this article to produce improved parameter sets for the production of filament using a single screw extruder (3devo Precision) with four heating zones. In this experimental field, the Taguchi method did not prove promising. Due to the small dimensions and compact design of such desktop filament extrusion machines, it was found that the setting parameters cannot be considered independently. The main parameters influencing the process were identified as the extruder screw speed, the cooling capacity and the temperature of the heating coil at the hopper. Nevertheless, parameter sets for PLA pellets and recycled PLA could be developed which have a better performance in terms of homogeneity of the diameter over time compared to the previously available parameter sets.
Halloysite-Based Nanosystems for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Persano Francesca , Gigli Giuseppe , Leporatti Stefano 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHalloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are hollow clay nanotubes in the nanometer size range, made up of double-layered aluminum silicate mineral layers. HNTs represent an extremely versatile, safe, and biocompatible nanomaterial, used in a wide range of applications in biomedicine and nanomedicine. For example, they are used as transporters for the controlled release of drugs or genes, in tissue engineering, in the isolation of stem cells and cancer cells, and in bioimaging. Consequently, the assessment of the biocompatibility of HNTs has acquired considerable importance. In recent years, HNT composites have attracted attention due to their improved biocompatibility, compared to HNTs, suggesting potential for applications in tissue engineering or as vehicles for drugs or genes. In this review, recent advances in the application of HNTs and HNT composites in biomedicine are discussed to provide a valuable guide to scientists in the design and development of viable, functional bio-devices for biomedical applications.
Extendible and Efficient Python Framework for Solving Evolution Equations with Stabilized Discontinuous Galerkin Methods
Authors: Dedner Andreas , Klöfkorn Robert 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses a Python interface for the recently published Dune-Fem-DG module which provides highly efficient implementations of the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for solving a wide range of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Although the C++ interfaces of Dune-Fem-DG are highly flexible and customizable, a solid knowledge of C++ is necessary to make use of this powerful tool. With this work, easier user interfaces based on Python and the unified form language are provided to open Dune-Fem-DG for a broader audience. The Python interfaces are demonstrated for both parabolic and first-order hyperbolic PDEs.
Investigation of the double-lobed sources of the Cygnus constellation core
Authors: Saponara J. , Benaglia P. , Andruchow I. , Ishwara-Chandra C. H. , Intema H. T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe present a collection of double-lobed sources towards a$20\,\mathrm{deg}^2$area of the Cygnus region at the northern sky, observed at 325 and 610 MHz with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. The 10$^{\prime\prime}$resolution achieved at 325 MHz is 5.5 times better than previous studies, while at 610 MHz, these are the first results ever of such a large area, mapped with 6$^{\prime\prime}$angular resolution. After a thorough visual inspection of the images at the two bands, we found 43 double-lobed source candidates, proposed as such due to the presence of 2 bright peaks, within a few arcminutes apart, joined by a bridge or a central nucleus. All but two are presented here as a double-lobed candidates for the first time. Thirty nine of the candidates were covered at both bands, and we provide the spectral index information for them. We have searched for positional coincidences between the detected sources/components and other objects from the literature, along the electromagnetic spectrum. Twenty-three candidates possess radio counterpart(s), 12 present infrared counterparts, and 1 showed an overlapping X-ray source. We analysed each candidate considering morphology, counterparts, and spectral indices. Out of the 43 candidates, 37 show characteristics compatible with an extragalactic nature, 2 of probably Galactic origin, 3 remain as dubious cases, though with feature(s) compatible with an extragalactic nature, and the remaining one, evidence of physically unrelated components. The median spectral index of the 40 putative extragalactic sources is$-1.0$. Their celestial surface density at 610 MHz resulted in$1.9\,\mathrm{per\ deg}^2$, across a region lying at the Galactic plane.
Mathematics in the archives: deconstructive historiography and the shaping of modern geometry (1837–1852)
Authors: Michel Nicolas , Smadja Ivahn 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis essay explores the research practice of French geometer Michel Chasles (1793–1880), from his 1837 Aperçu historique up to the preparation of his courses on ‘higher geometry’ between 1846 and 1852. It argues that this scientific pursuit was jointly carried out on a historiographical and a mathematical terrain. Epistemic techniques such as the archival search for and comparison of manuscripts, the deconstructive historiography of past geometrical methods, and the epistemologically motivated periodization of the history of mathematics are shown to have played a crucial role in the shaping of Chasles's own theories. In particular, we present Chasles's approach to the ‘material history’ of algebraic symbolism and argue that it motivated and informed his subsequent invention of a novel notational technology for the writing of geometrical proofs and propositions. In return, this technology allowed Chasles to carry out a programme for the modernization of geometry in keeping with epistemic requirements he had also delineated via a form of historical writing.