bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Découverte d’un piège à poissons du Haut Moyen Âge dans un vallon sec affluent de l’estuaire de la Canche à Étaples « Opalopolis » (Pas-de-Calais)
Authors: Deschodt Laurent , Lecomte-Schmitt Blandine , Lorin Yann , Martial Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2021

Un diagnostic archéologique a exploré, par sondages en puits à la pelle mécanique, le comblement supérieur de la partie aval d’un court vallon, aujourd’hui sec, affluent direct de rive droite de l’estuaire de la Canche. Dans un sondage, un dépôt marin a été observé sous une formation de versant weichselienne. Il pourrait s’agir d’un dépôt lié à un haut niveau marin pléistocène. À l’altitude de +2 m NGF IGN 69, un paléosol avec mobilier lithique est observé coiffant une séquence de dépôt d’estran. Le paléosol est érodé et recouvert par un nouveau dépôt marin sableux. Un second niveau pédogenisé est observé vers +3,5 / 4 m, associé à du matériel gallo-romain. Ce sol est traversé par des chenaux de marée. L’un d’eux a livré des blocs de craie et de silex, ainsi qu’une série de petits bois travaillés de section entière, en partie écorcés et organisés, majoritairement composée d’un taxon de Fabacée (probablement du genêt du teinturier) et datée du Haut Moyen Âge. La nature de l’ouvrage (vannerie), sa présence dans un chenal de marée, son association à un dépôt grossier exogène permettent de l’interpréter comme un piège à poissons associé à un petit barrage.
L’orchestre à l’épreuve de l’indétermination
Authors: Canonne Clément , Robert Alexandre 
Published: July 2021

Cet article analyse le travail de collaboration entre l’Orchestre des Nouvelles Créations, Expérimentations et Improvisations Musicales (ONCEIM) — un orchestre d’une trentaine de musicien‧ne‧s spécialisé‧e‧s dans l’improvisation — et le pianiste et improvisateur John Tilbury, le premier ayant passé au second la commande d’une pièce intitulée Sans. Ce processus de création musicale est singulier en ce que tou‧te‧s les participant‧e‧s doivent « composer » avec une forte incertitude quant à la nature du projet et, par-là, quant à la distribution des rôles et de l’autorité créatrice. Cette incertitude traverse toutes les dimensions du travail collectif précédant le concert et la « création » de Sans. Dans une première partie de l’article, nous mettons en évidence le fait que les indications préalables comme la posture de John Tilbury face à l’orchestre se caractérisent par une profonde ambivalence, oscillant entre deux conceptions régulatrices de l’activité musicale. Nous examinons ensuite les diverses « poussées prescriptives » de certains membres de l’ONCEIM visant à combler le « vide de pouvoir » laissé par John Tilbury. Enfin, dans ce cadre d’interaction largement indéterminé, nous montrons comment les instrumentistes opèrent leurs choix musicaux en fonction de critères tant déontiques qu’organisationnels.
Des concepts qui interrogent les didactiques des disciplines ?
Authors: Margolinas Claire 
Published: July 2021

Résumé : Le terme de « didactique » réfère à de nombreux points de vue qui dépendent de l’histoire des communautés de recherches dans les différentes didactiques disciplinaires. La recherche en didactique des mathématiques française a produit des cadres théoriques dont certains concepts sont connus au-delà de ce champ. Dans ce texte, je me propose d’interroger des concepts issus de la théorie des situations qui ont moins diffusé jusque-là. Il s’agit ici des concepts de connaissance et de savoir en lien avec les processus de dévolution et d’institutionnalisation. Les questions étudiées dans cet article sont en particulier : Comment déterminer la situation investie par les élèves ou certains élèves et les connaissances correspondant à leurs procédures ? Y a t-il des savoirs associés à ces connaissances ? Si oui, dans quelles institutions ? Ces savoirs appartiennent-ils à des disciplines scolaires existantes ?
Conceptualiser les classes de mots variables
Authors: Beaumanoir-Secq Morgane 
Published: July 2021

Résumé : S’inscrivant dans le champ des recherches concernant les représentations des élèves sur la langue, notre étude utilise le tri de mots à visée grammaticale afin de recueillir des données lors du suivi longitudinal d’une classe située en zone d’éducation prioritaire, sur une durée de deux années scolaires, en CE2 et CM1. Le traitement statistique des traces écrites a été construit sur la base d’une traduction scalaire des performances des élèves, ce qui permet de mettre à jour des tendances remarquables dans l’évolution de ces performances. Ainsi observe-t-on de réelles différences dans les modèles d’acquisition de chaque classe grammaticale variable. Notre travail nous a également amenée à reconsidérer la valeur de la terminologie grammaticale, parce qu’elle est utilisée en classe comme une interface de communication entre enseignant et apprenant, en même temps qu’elle constitue de fait un contenu non maitrisé par les élèves.
Configuration didactique, modèles disciplinaires en actes, conscience disciplinaire : validité et valeur euristique de trois concepts de la didactique du français langue première
Authors: Garcia-Debanc Claudine 
Published: July 2021

La discipline scolaire « français » partage avec l’enseignement des langues la spécificité d’articuler des activités où la langue est mise en jeu (lecture, écriture, oral) et des activités qui prennent la langue comme objet d’étude (grammaire, orthographe, conjugaison, vocabulaire). Le concept de « configuration didactique » (Halté, 1992) permet de questionner les prescriptions de la discipline à enseigner. À l’autre bout de la chaine de transpositions didactiques, la « conscience disciplinaire » (Reuter, 2007) interroge la perception que les acteurs sociaux, principalement les élèves, se font de la discipline scolaire. Le concept de « modèles disciplinaires en actes » (Garcia-Debanc, 2007, 2019) vise à rendre compte de la sédimentation des cadres conceptuels et des configurations didactiques au sein de pratiques d’enseignement observées et des tensions qui peuvent être inférées à partir des écrits professionnels de préparation et, en classe, de la gestion d’imprévus. La présente contribution soumet à la discussion la pertinence de ces trois concepts en lien avec celui de transposition didactique et en éprouve la valeur euristique à travers l’analyse des discours et des écrits professionnels de deux professeurs des écoles stagiaires français enseignant au cycle 3 de l’école primaire et des représentations de leurs élèves.
Un modèle pour interpréter le travail du langage au sein des « communautés discursives disciplinaires scolaires »
Authors: Jaubert  Martine , Rebière Maryse 
Published: July 2021

Cette contribution vise à « déplier » le concept didactique de communauté discursive disciplinaire scolaire, à l’articulation de la théorie historique et culturelle et de la psychologie des apprentissages, des travaux de sociologues, de la philosophie du langage et des sciences du langage, pour ébaucher une modélisation de l’enseignement / apprentissage du langage à l’école, susceptible d’orchestrer l’hétérogénéité des discours de la classe. Le concept de CDDS cristallise ce croisement en privilégiant les discours, leur ancrage social, la construction différenciée des objets et des sujets. Il attribue ainsi au langage à l’école un rôle central d’objet, d’outil, mais aussi de « fenêtre » pour observer les processus d’apprentissage via le travail de secondarisation des discours initié par l’enseignant·e. Cet article met à l’épreuve les notions brunériennes d’étayage et de scénario. Penser l’activité enseignante sous l’angle du scénario, organisateur des gestes professionnels langagiers didactiques, met en évidence la possibilité pour l’élève de s’approprier les rôles et les outils langagiers nécessaires à l’apprentissage des systèmes sémiotiques disciplinaires spécifiques. Le modèle en cours d’élaboration que nous proposons vise à clarifier le rôle du travail du langage dans la disciplinarisation de la communauté discursive scolaire.
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Sleep Quality in Medical Students and their Association with Smartphone and Internet Addiction
Authors: Sathe Harshal Shriram , Saraf Anantprakash Siddharthkumar , Talapalliwar Manoj , Patil Vrushti , Kumar Vinay , Karia Sagar 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and poor sleep quality have shown to be associated with myriad of physical and psychological problems. Increasingly, excessive use of smartphones and Internet, leading to EDS and poor sleep quality, especially among students has become an area of concern. This study was undertaken to check for EDS and sleep quality in the medical undergraduates and its association with smartphone and Internet addiction, psychological distress, depression, and anxiety.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study done on MBBS students and interns. Semi-structured pro forma was used to collect sociodemographic data and students were asked to complete self-administered rating scales, namely, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Smartphone Addiction Scale-short version (SAS-SV), and Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT).

Results:
About 27.4% of students reported EDS and 44.4% fulfilled the criteria of poor sleeper on PSQI. About 56.5% of students reported psychological distress on K10. Almost half (45.3%) of the students reported addictive behavior toward their smartphones and one out of four students at risk of becoming Internet addicted. EDS was significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with PSQI, especially subjective sleep quality and daytime dysfunction component. EDS was also significantly associated (P < 0.05) with psychological distress. EDS was also significantly (P < 0.05) associated with SAS-SV and Young's IAT scores. Poor sleep quality was also significantly (P < 0.05) associated with psychological distress, anxiety, and depression.

Conclusion:
The impact of smartphone and Internet overuse on sleep quality as well as their association with EDS is significant. We need to be aware of these factors in order to improve the sleep quality of our students.
Vanillin extracted from proso and barnyard millets induces cell cycle inhibition and apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cell line
Authors: Ramadoss Deepa Priya , Sivalingam Nageswaran 
Published: July 2021

Context:
Consuming whole grain food has been motivated due to numerous health benefits arising from their bioactive components.

Aims:
This study aims to study whether the active compound extracted from Proso and Barnyard millets inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cell line.

Materials and Methods:
Cell proliferative effect was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay using MCF-7 cell line. Cytotoxicity was determined by release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme from cells. Apoptotic morphological changes in MCF-7 cells were observe under fluorescence microscope using double staining of Hoeschst 33342/propidium iodide (PI). Induction of apoptosis was analyzed using Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/PI through flow cytometry.

Results:
In this study, cell proliferative effect of the bioactive compounds from proso millet (Compound 1) and barnyard millet (Compound 2) was evaluated using MCF-7 cell line. Both the compounds significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells after treated with 250 μg/ml and 1000 μg/ml concentration for 48 h. Cytotoxic activity of compounds was assessed by the release of LDH showed that these extracted compounds were not toxic to the cells. Apoptosis was confirmed by Hoechst 33,342/PI dual-staining, Annexin V-FTIC/PI staining, and flow cytometry results of cell cycle analysis shows that there was a significant cell arrest in the G0/G1 phase and increased the apoptotic cells in sub-G0 phase in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions:
This study suggests that the extracted vanillin compound from these millets have effectively induced apoptotic cell death in breast cancer cell line.
The optimal upfront therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Mutlu Hasan , Bozcuk Hakan 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancer types in men. In addition to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), new generation agents have provided survival advantages to patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive PC (mHSPC). In this analysis, we aimed to determine the most effective approach for treating and suppressing mHSPC using network meta-analysis (NMA).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 10 trials investigating different treatment modalities were conducted using NMA. The analysis was performed for all mHSPC cases as well as for low- and high-volume and docetaxel-naive subgroups.

Results:
In combination with ADT, abiraterone acetate (AA) in the general-population and high-volume-disease subgroups, and enzalutamide in docetaxel-naive and low-volume-disease subgroups have the highest probability of being the best treatment modalities in terms of overall survival. In addition, in the low-volume and docetaxel-naive settings, enzalutamide was superior to ADT (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.429, 95% CrI: 0.258–0.714 and HR = 0.533, 95% CrI: 0.375–0.756, respectively). In addition, in the high-volume and general-population settings (all trials and cases), AA was superior to ADT (HR = 1.568, 95% CrI: 1.378–1.773 and HR = 1.164, 95%CrI: 1.348–1.924, respectively).

Conclusion:
The volume status based on the CHAARTED trial should be taken into account to determine an appropriate treatment strategy for mHSPC. AA plus prednisone in high-risk and high-volume-mHSPC patients and enzalutamide in low-volume-mHSPC patients could be favorable options in combination with ADT. Depending on the patient’s tolerance, in high-volume mHSPC, docetaxel, or apalutamide in combination with ADT could be alternatives for AA, whereas in the low-volume mHSPC, local radiotherapy plus ADT or ADT alone could be utilized in place of enzalutamide.
C. Santoro, Sul caduceo con !'epigrafe IM. 13, II (Taranto) e i rapporti latinomessapici,
Authors: Bonfante Giuliano 
Published: July 2021

Seguendo il Ribezzo e il Pepe, Santoro riafferma, con piena ragione a mio avviso, l'autenticità del caduceo. La data è il III-II sècolo a. C. (p. 181). Sano stati rinvenuti nella Magna Grecia una decina (?) di caducei, di cui cinque in territorio messàpico. Ma uno solo è con un'iscrizione, quello precisamente che ilSantoro studia.
Antonio e Giovanni Pellizzer, Vocabolario del dialetto di Rovigno d'Istria I-II; Centro di Ricerche Storiche Rovigno, Collana degli Atti n. 10; Unione Italiana-Fiume - Univer­ sita Popolare di Trieste; Trieste - Rovigno 1992.
Authors: Tekavčić Pavao 
Published: July 2021

La lessicografia istroromanza (IR) vanta ormai una discreta tradizione: vocabo­ lari di G.A.Dalla Zonca (dignanese; 1978) e di D.Cemecca (vallese; 1986), materiale IR nell' AIS e nei vocabolari di E.Rosamani (1958 e 1975), alcuni studi ecc. A questi si ag­ giunge adesso ii Vocabolario qui recensito, uscito nella stessa collana come quelli <lei Dalla Zonca e del Cemecca. Esso, con le sue 1140 pagine, supera per mole quasi tre volte la somma dei due precedenti e, poiché contiene anche ii lessico degli altri dialetti IR, è in un certo modo la summa della lessicografia IR. Sono state purtroppo omesse le voci registrate dall'AIS (p. 9), sicché manca una notevole parte dei patrimonio lessicale IR.
Barriers and Facilitators to Uptake of Prostate Cancer Screening in a Kenyan Rural Community
Authors: Mbugua Ruth Gathoni , Karanja Simon , Oluchina Sherry 
Published: July 2021

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is curable with early detection, yet it remains a major public health problem globally and a leading cause of mortality among men. The objective of the study was to explore the barriers and facilitators to the uptake of prostate cancer screening among men aged 40–69 years in a rural community in Kenya.
Methods: We utilized an explorative qualitative design and purposive sampling to select participants. Six focus group discussions (FGDs) and seven in-depth interviews were conducted among 59 men aged 40–69 years and key informants in Kiambu County, Kenya. Data was collected using a semi-structured guide and content analysis was done.
Results: The facilitators of screening included experience of symptoms, proximity and prominence of cancer, accessibility, and advocacy. The barriers to screening included lack of knowledge, fatalistic beliefs, low risk perception, stigma, and male dominance factors.
Conclusion: This study provides vital information for the development of interventions to enhance shared decision-making in regard to PC screening. Capacity building of clinicians, task shifting and provision of well-coordinated affordable culturally sensitive screening services should be explored. The concerted effort among policy makers and all health care workers to overcome the stated barriers to screening is highly recommended.
Pattern and Outcome of Splenic Injury in Children
Authors: Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka 
Published: July 2021

Background: The spleen is the most frequently injured organ in abdominal trauma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern and management outcome of splenic injury in children in a tertiary hospital.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of children treated for splenic trauma at the Pediatric Surgery Unit of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH) Enugu, Nigeria. The medical records of the patients over a 10-year period were evaluated.
Results: There were 61 cases of splenic trauma of which 72.1% were male. Their ages ranged from 4 to 14 years with a median of 10 years. Road traffic accident and fracture were the most common mechanism of injury and associated injury respectively. The majority had grade III splenic injury and nonoperative management was the predominant modality of treatment. Operative procedures included splenectomy and splenorrhaphy. Mortality occurred in two (3.3%) patients.
Conclusions: Splenic injury can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Road traffic accidents are a common cause of splenic injury and nonoperative management is an effective modality of treatment.
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose and Microcrystalline Cellulose from Sugarcane Bagasse and Assessment of the Microcrystalline Cellulose as a Directly Compressible Excipient
Authors: Natanim Degefu , Tesfaye Gabriel , Anteneh Belete , Tsige Gebre-Mariam 
Published: July 2021

Cellulose, the most abundant biomass material in nature finds wide applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is one of the main agricultural lignocellulose byproducts. The objective of this study was to prepare and characterize native and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from SCB and evaluate the MCC as a directly compressible pharmaceutical excipient. Cellulose was extracted from SCB by chlorine-free methods with or without dewaxing. MCC was prepared from the cellulose by hydrolysis using hydrochloric acid, and subsequently oven-dried (OD) or spray-dried (SD). The as-obtained cellulose and MCC were characterized in terms of yield, degree of polymerization (DP), chemical functionality, crystallinity, morphology and thermal stability. The chemical composition, particle size, densities and direct compressibility of MCCs were also determined. Cellulose yields on a dry weight basis were found to be 42.8 ± 1.10% and 43.5 ± 0.5% from non-dewaxed and dewaxed SCB, respectively. Dewaxed SCB cellulose (DSCBC) provided higher yield of MCC (DSCB-MCCOD, 83 ± 0.74%) than non-dewaxed SCB cellulose (SCBC) (SCB-MCCOD; 78 ± 1.07%). The DP of SCBC and DSCBC were 580.56 and 592.75, respectively, while the DP of MCC ranged from 230.10 - 251.40. The FTIR spectra of both cellulose and MCC were similar with that of Avicel PH-101. The degree of crystallinity of the dewaxed cellulose (77.34%) and MCCOD (79.56%) and MCC-SD (81.87%) were higher than non-dewaxed cellulose (74.50%) and MCC-OD (78.11%) and MCC-SD (79.62%). Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed a fibrous structure for DSCBC and rod-shaped for DSCB-MCC. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed dewaxed products exhibited better thermal stability than non-dewaxed products. All MCC samples exhibited monomodal normal particle size distributions. The Hausner ratio and Carr’s index of DSCB-MCCOD and Avicel PH-101 were not significantly different (p < 0.05) indicating similar flow property and compressibility of the materials, respectively. Also, plain tablets prepared from SCB-MCC showed reasonably high crushing strengths (MCC-SD > MCC-OD), although tablets of Avicel PH-101 showed the highest crushing strengths. Thus, SCB could be an alternative source of cellulose and MCC for pharmaceutical applications.
In vitro Activity of Selected Ethiopian Medicinal Plants against Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Woldetensay Liya , Asres Kaleab , Ameni Gobena , Shibeshi Workineh 
Published: July 2021

Tuberculosis is a major global public health problem causing ill-health in millions of the world’s population. The emergence of drug resistant strains is a major challenge to the tuberculosis control programme. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of new drugs. Herbs could be potential source of novel antituberculosis drugs due to their special attribute as a large source of therapeutic phytochemicals. The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimycobacterial activity of the 80% methanol extracts of Erythrina brucei stem bark, Euphorbia candelabrum latex, Otostegia integrifolia leaf, Rumex abyssinicus root, and the chloroform extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf on in vitro cultures of strains of Mycobactrium bovis and Mycobactrium tuberculosis. The extracts were obtained through cold maceration and soxhlet extraction, and essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. Macrodilution technique was used for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. The MIC of the chloroform extract of V. amygdalina was 10 mg/ml against the mycobacterial strains tested. The 80% methanol extracts of E. brucei, O. integrifolia and R. abyssinicus were effective against M. bovis only with MIC ranging from 12.50 - 25.00 mg/ml. The oil from O. integrifolia was not active against the tested strains. E. candelabrum and oil from O. integrifolia failed to show antimycobacterial activity. In conclusion, the leaf extract of V. amygdalina is proven to be the most active plant that could be a potential source for antimycobacterial agents for human and bovine tuberculosis. Erythrina brucei, O. integrifolia and R. abyssinicus displayed good antimycobacterial activity against M. bovis suggesting their potential to be sources of new compounds for bovine tuberculosis.