bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family alcohol use, rather than childhood trauma, is more likely to cause male alcohol use disorder: findings from a case-control study in northern China
Authors: Chen Xu , Pan Yunmeng , Xu Peiru , Huang Yi , Li Nan , Song Yun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective
To explore the influence of childhood trauma and family alcohol use on male alcohol use disorder.

Methods
We conducted a case-control study using Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and a structured interview involving 129 men with alcohol use disorder and 129 healthy male volunteers. The two groups were compared in terms of childhood trauma, parental drinking behavior, and attitudes toward childhood drinking.

Results
Patients showed higher scores of CTQ than controls on childhood trauma experiences, including on the subscales of physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional neglect. Higher proportions of patients than controls had fathers who drank seven or more times a week, and had mothers who were opposed to childhood drinking. Conversely, a smaller proportion of patients than controls had fathers who opposed childhood drinking. Patients were more likely than controls to have been induced to drink as children. Logistic regression analysis identified three risk factors for alcohol use disorder: induced drinking during childhood [odds ratio (OR) 6.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.56–14.51], the father’s weekly alcohol consumption during the respondent’s childhood (OR 4.40, 95%CI 2.94–6.58) and history of smoking (OR 3.39, 95%CI 1.48–7.77). Conversely, more years of education were a protective factor against alcohol use disorder (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78–0.99).

Conclusions
Men whose fathers drank frequently during their childhood and were encouraged to drink may be at increased risk of alcohol use disorder in adulthood. In fact these factors of family alcohol use appear to increase risk of alcohol use disorder among adult men more than exposure to childhood trauma does.
Dose tranexamic acid reduce blood loss associated with simultaneous bilateral distal tibial tubercle-high tibial osteotomy?
Authors: Wang Zhimeng , Huang Qiang , Liu Lu , Lu Yao , Zhang Congming , Ma Teng , Li Zhong , Wang Qian , Xue Hanzhong , Zhang Kun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Simultaneous bilateral distal tibial tubercle high tibial osteotomy (SBDTT-HTO) can result in increased blood loss. The aim of this study is to evaluate the actual hemostatic effect of different tranexamic acid (TXA) treatment regimen in SBDTT-HTO.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective case–control study including 54 patients who underwent SBDTT-HTO. The single-dose group (n = 18) received 1 g of intravenous TXA 15–30 min before surgery, the two-dose group (n = 18) received an additional 1 g of intravenous TXA 6 h after surgery, and the multiple-dose group (n = 18) received an additional 1 g intravenous TXA per-day until discharge. Blood loss, hemoglobin levels, occurrence of any adverse events,functional analysis, quality of life, and pain assessmentswere compared among the three groups.

Results
The total blood loss, hidden blood loss, drainage volumes, and haemoglobin level in the multiple-dose group all occupy a significant advantage.(p < 0.05). In addition, better quality of life were observed in patients belonging to the multiple-dose group then single-dose group.(p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Based on our results, for patients undergoing SBDTT-HTO, sequential intravenous TXA administration can effectively and safely reduce blood loss,maintain postoperative Hb levels,and with the advantage of accelerating recovery.
Health Humanities curriculum and evaluation in health professions education: a scoping review
Authors: Carr Sandra E. , Noya Farah , Phillips Brid , Harris Anna , Scott Karen , Hooker Claire , Mavaddat Nahal , Ani-Amponsah Mary , Vuillermin Daniel M. , Reid Steve , Brett-MacLean Pamela 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The articulation of learning goals, processes and outcomes related to health humanities teaching currently lacks comparability of curricula and outcomes, and requires synthesis to provide a basis for developing a curriculum and evaluation framework for health humanities teaching and learning. This scoping review sought to answer how and why the health humanities are used in health professions education. It also sought to explore how health humanities curricula are evaluated and whether the programme evaluation aligns with the desired learning outcomes.

Methods
A focused scoping review of qualitative and mixed-methods studies that included the influence of integrated health humanities curricula in pre-registration health professions education with programme evaluate of outcomes was completed. Studies of students not enrolled in a pre-registration course, with only ad-hoc health humanities learning experiences that were not assessed or evaluated were excluded. Four databases were searched (CINAHL), (ERIC), PubMed, and Medline.

Results
The search over a 5 year period, identified 8621 publications. Title and abstract screening, followed by full-text screening, resulted in 24 articles selected for inclusion. Learning outcomes, learning activities and evaluation data were extracted from each included publication.

Discussion
Reported health humanities curricula focused on developing students’ capacity for perspective, reflexivity, self- reflection and person-centred approaches to communication. However, the learning outcomes were not consistently described, identifying a limited capacity to compare health humanities curricula across programmes. A set of clearly stated generic capabilities or outcomes from learning in health humanities would be a helpful next step for benchmarking, clarification and comparison of evaluation strategy.
Two decades (1998 to 2018) of collaborative human immunodeficiency virus clinical pharmacology capacity building in a resource constrained setting
Authors: Maponga Charles C. , Monera-Penduka Tsitsi G. , Mtisi Takudzwa J. , Difrancesco Robin , Makita-Chingombe Faithful , Mazambara Fine , Tooley Kathleen , Mudzviti Tinashe , Morse Gene D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhile important advances have been made in the prevention and treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, limited expertise and resource constraints to effectively manage rollout of HIV programs often contribute to poor treatment outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa. In 1998, the University of Zimbabwe (UZ) and the University at Buffalo, State University of New York (UB), developed a collaborative clinical pharmacology capacity building program in Zimbabwe to train the next generation of HIV researchers and support rollout of the national HIV program. The collaboration was funded by research and training grants that were competitively acquired through United States of America government funding mechanisms, between 1998 and 2016. Thirty-eight research fellows were trained and a specialty clinical pharmacology laboratory was established during this period. Knowledge and skills transfer were achieved through faculty and student exchange visits. Scientific dissemination output included sixty-two scholarly publications that influenced three national policies and provided development of guidelines for strategic leadership for an HIV infection—patient adherence support group. The clinical pharmacology capacity building program trained fellows that were subsequently incorporated into the national technical working group at the Ministry of Health and Child Care, who are responsible for optimizing HIV treatment guidelines in Zimbabwe. Despite serious economic challenges, consistent collaboration between UZ and UB strengthened UZ faculty scholarly capacity, retention of HIV clinical research workforce was achieved, and the program made additional contributions toward optimization of antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe.
Accuracy of one-dimensional templating on linear EOS radiography allows template-directed instrumentation in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Finsterwald Michael Andreas , Sobhi Salar , Isaac Senthuren , Scott Penelope , Khan Riaz J. K. , Fick Daniel P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Templating for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is routinely performed on two-dimensional standard X-ray images and allows template-directed instrumentation. To date, there is no report on one-dimensional (1D) anteroposterior (AP) templating not requiring specific templating software. We aim to describe a novel technique and explore its reliability, accuracy and potential cost-savings.

Methods
We investigated a consecutive series of TKAs at one institution between January and July 2019. Patients with preoperative low-dose linear AP EOS radiography images were included. Implant component sizes were retrospectively templated on the AP view with the hospitals imaging viewing software by two observers who were blinded to the definitive implant size. Planning accuracy as well as inter- and intra-observer reliability was calculated. Cost-savings were estimated based on the reduction of trays indicated by the 1D templating size estimations.

Results
A total of 141 consecutive TKAs in 113 patients were included. Accuracy of 1D templating was as follows: exact match in 53% femoral and 63% tibial components, within one size in 96% femoral and 98% tibial components. Overall 58% of TKA components were planned correctly and 97% within one size. Inter- and intra-rater reliability was good (κ = 0.66) and very good (κ = 0.82), respectively. This templating process can reduce instrumentation from six to three trays per case and therefore halve sterilisation costs.

Conclusions
The new 1D templating method using EOS AP imaging predicts component sizes in TKA within one size 97% of the time and can halve the number of instrumentation trays and sterilisation costs.
Honokiol attenuates lipotoxicity in hepatocytes via activating SIRT3-AMPK mediated lipophagy
Authors: Liu Jingxin , Zhang Tian , Zhu Jianzhong , Ruan Shuangchen , Li Rongsong , Guo Bing , Lin Ligen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by ectopic accumulation of triglycerides in the liver. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that lipophagy regulates lipid mobilization and energy homeostasis in the liver. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase, modulates the activities of several substrates involving in autophagy and energy metabolism. Honokiol (HK) is a natural lignan from the plants of Magnolia genus that exhibits potent liver protective property.

Methods
AML12 was challenged with 500 μM palmitic acid and 250 μM oleic acid mixture solution to induce lipotoxicity. C57BL/6J mice were fed with a choline-deficient high fat diet (CDHFD) to generate liver steatosis. The expression of autophagy-related and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway proteins was evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Intracellular lipid accumulation was validated by Nile red staining. Molecular docking analysis was performed on AutoDock 4.2.

Results
HK (5 and 10 μM) was found to attenuate lipid accumulation through promoting SIRT3-AMPK-mediated autophagy, mainly on lipid droplets. HK had hydrophobic interaction with amino acid residues (PHE294, GLU323 and VAL324) and NAD+. Moreover, HK improved mitochondrial function to enhance lipolysis, through decreasing the acetylated long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase level. In CDHFD-fed mice, HK (2.5 and 10 mg/Kg) treatment obviously prevented lipid accumulation in the liver. And co-treatment of the AMPK inhibitor, Compound C, almost abolished the above changes.

Conclusions
These results suggest that HK could ameliorate lipotoxicity in hepatocytes by activating SIRT3-AMPK-lipophagy axis, which might be a potential therapeutic agent against NAFLD.
Can earthen architectural heritage save us?
Authors: Moriset Sebastien , Rakotomamonjy Bakonirina , Gandreau David 
Published: November 2021

AbstractContemporary architecture seems to turn its back on the past in terms of the raw materials taken from the environment, their transformation into building components and the way they are assembled to create buildings. The global challenge of preserving the environment forces us to rethink the way we produce architecture today. Within this challenge, the past shows us possible ways to fill the gap between tradition and modernity. However, we need to understand what motivates people to abandon ancestral materials and knowledge for materials that they cannot manufacture or use themselves. Is this transformation to industrial materials and forms irreversible? Is there nothing we can learn from our rich past? How can we revive endogenous knowledge to produce environmentally wise architecture? These are the questions that the authors, who have been working on the revival of earthen heritage for over 20 years, wish to answer.
Lessons Learned From Implementing a Novel Bayesian Adaptive Dose-Finding Design in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Tidwell Rebecca S. S. , Thall Peter F. , Yuan Ying 
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE Novel Bayesian adaptive designs provide an effective way to improve clinical trial efficiency. These designs are superior to conventional methods, but implementing them can be challenging. The aim of this article was to describe what we learned while applying a novel Bayesian phase I-II design in a recent trial. METHODS The primary goal of the trial was to optimize radiation therapy (RT) dose among three levels (low, standard, and high), given either with placebo (P) or an investigational agent (A), for treating locally advanced, radiation-naive pancreatic cancer, deemed appropriate for RT rather than surgery. Up to 48 patients were randomly assigned fairly between RT plus P and RT plus A, with RT dose-finding done within each arm using the late-onset efficacy-toxicity design on the basis of two coprimary end points, tumor response and dose-limiting toxicity, both evaluated at up to 90 days. The random assignment was blinded, but within each arm, unblinded RT doses were chosen adaptively using software developed within the institution. RESULTS Implementing the design involved double-blind balance-restricted random assignment, real-time assessment of patient outcomes to evaluate the efficacy-toxicity trade-off for each RT dose in each arm to optimize each patient's RT dose adaptively, and transition from a single-center trial to a multicenter trial. We present lessons learned and illustrative documentation. CONCLUSION Implementing novel Bayesian adaptive trial designs requires close collaborations between physicians, pharmacists, statisticians, data managers, and sponsors. The process is difficult but manageable and essential for efficient trial conduct. Close collaboration during trial conduct is a key component of any trial that includes real-time adaptive decision rules.
Horror, Trauma, and George A. Romero’sMartin(1978)
Authors: Lowenstein Adam 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis essay analyzes how George A. Romero, in his underrated psychological vampire film Martin, translates individual trauma (slow, process-based, unrecognized) into collective trauma (sudden, event-based, recognized) through a vocabulary of horror. The language of trauma spoken by Martin is not the one we expect from the horror film, with its traditional investments in fantastic spectacle. Instead, it is a language that combines horror’s fantastic vocabulary and documentary’s realist vocabulary in ways that undermine our attempts to distinguish between the two modes. Romero’s vision urges us to see catastrophe where we are accustomed to seeing only the mundane, and collective trauma where we routinely see only individual trauma. In Martin’s version of horror, the economic decline of Braddock, Pennsylvania, is paired with trauma connected to the Vietnam War and immigration. The film moves between these coordinates to revisualize the distinctions that divide the fantastic from the real as well as the individual from the collective.
The War That Never Happened
Authors: Sankar Nandini Ramesh , Alexander V. Neethi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article examines Mark Z. Danielewski’s House of Leaves (2000), a gothic novel that augments its postmodernist credentials by preemptively imagining and representing the theoretical gaze that would otherwise have been directed on itself. The article suggests that despite the novel’s intense performance of self-reflexivity, it demonstrates a traumatic suppression of its own immediate historical conditions, particularly its temporal proximity to the events of the First Gulf War. This article thus reads the text’s telling silences and its thematization of uncanny spatial violations as indexing a minimally acknowledged guilt over the war in Iraq. The novel’s slippages in self-awareness not only point to an avoidance of its own scotomized history but also foreground the shifting boundaries and dispersed locations of textual self-consciousness.
Entre Escila y Caribdis: la Diáspora vasca en Argentina durante la dictadura
Authors: Cruset Maria Eugenia 
Published: November 2021

Resumen: Al conjunto de inmigrantes que se asocian para conseguir objetivos propios y que tienen una participación de carácter político en destino como en origen es una Diáspora. Estas personas forman parte, por partida doble, de la sociedad civil y en ella se desenvuelven. La gran pregunta es:¿Qué es lo que hace eficiente a un grupo de emigrados para concretar sus objetivos? En este trabajo intentamos justamente analizar este tema que entendemos como una interrelación entre características propias- liderazgo, número y compromiso de los miembros, asimilación a la sociedad de acogida, etc- y el contexto en el que se desenvuelven. Y, en este sentido, nos preguntamos que posibilidades de éxito pueden tener en situaciones límites de violencia y falta de libertad. Para esto estudiaremos la Diáspora vasca en Argentina durante la última dictadura (19176-1983). Palabras clave: Diáspora-sociedad civil-dictadura-inmigración Abstract: Diaspora is a group of immigrants that be self associating in order to achieve the own goals and have an strong bond with Home Land. These persons are part, by double departure, of the civil society. The big question is: When these people are most efficient to makes objectives? Here, in this paper, we try to think about it, especially in troubles moments like could be a dictatorship. Our focus will be the basque Diaspora in Argentina during the last authoritarian government (1976-1983). Keywords: Diaspora, civil society, dictatorship-immigration
O papel do Judiciário na democracia atual
Authors: Ferraz Junior Tercio Sampaio 
Published: November 2021

O ensaio retoma e discute as diversas acepções do termo democracia, analisa o conceito de "interpretância" e reflete sobre a neutralidade política do poder judiciário. A introdução de exigências externas transforma o modo de encarar a Constituição, implicando num deslizamento do Poder Constituinte para o Poder Constituído. A conclusão é que a democracia parece buscar sua legitimação não mais por meio da constituição política e seus guardiões, mas através dos potenciais meios comunicativos que se agrupam em torno dos novos e diferentes meios de comunicação da sociedade.
High-speed electro-optic modulator based on silicon nitride loaded lithium niobate on an insulator platform
Authors: Zhang Pu , Huang Haijin , Jiang Yongheng , Han Xu , Xiao Huifu , Frigg Andreas , Nguyen Thach G. , Boes Andreas , Ren Guanghui , Su Yikai , Tian Yonghui , Mitchell Arnan 
Published: November 2021

Electro-optic (EO) modulators, which convert signals from the electrical to optical domain plays a key role in modern optical communication systems. Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) technology has emerged as a competitive solution to realize high-performance integrated EO modulators. In this Letter, we design and experimentally demonstrate a Mach–Zehnder interferometer-based modulator on a silicon nitride loaded LNOI platform, which not only takes full advantage of the excellent EO effect of

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, while the modulated data rate for on–off key signals can reach up to 80 Gbps.
The prevalence of soil transmitted helminth infections in minority indigenous populations of South-East Asia and the Western Pacific Region: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gilmour Beth , Alene Kefyalew Addis , Clements Archie C. A. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction
Soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections cause one of the most prevalent diseases in man. STHs disproportionately impact socio-economically disadvantaged communities including minority indigenous populations. This systematic review aimed to quantify the prevalence of STH infection within minority indigenous populations of the South-East Asia and Western Pacific Regions.

Methods
The systematic review was conducted in accordance with The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines following a published protocol. A random effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of STH infection, and meta-regression analysis was used to quantify associations with study characteristics. Where comparative data were available, sub-group analysis was conducted to evaluate the risk of STH infection in minority indigenous people relative to other population groups. The heterogeneity between studies was evaluated visually using Forest plots and was assessed quantitatively by the index of heterogeneity (I2) and Cochran Q-statistics.

Results
From 1,366 unique studies that were identified, 81 were included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of infection within minority indigenous populations was 61.4% (95% CI 50.8, 71.4) for overall STH infection; 32.3% (95% CI 25.7, 39.3) for Ascaris.lumbricoides; 43.6% (95% CI 32.6, 54.8) for Trichuris.trichiura; 19.9% (95% CI 15.7, 24.5) for hookworm and 6.3% (95% CI 3.2, 10.2) for Strongyloides.stercoralis. A significant increase in T. trichiura prevalence was observed over time. The stratified analysis showed that the prevalence of infection for STH overall and for each STH species were not significantly different in minority indigenous participants compared to other populations groups.

Conclusion
The prevalence of STH infection is high within minority indigenous populations across countries at very different levels of socio-economic development. The increasing prevalence of T. trichiura calls for the implementation of more effective therapies and control strategies.