bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EDUCAÇÃO VIRTUAL NAS UNIVERSIDADES: AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA APRENDIZAGEM COLABORATIVA
Authors: Torres Patricia Lupion , Marques Siqueira Lilia María 
Published: August 2021

Este estudo apresenta como hipótese central o fato de que a Universidade, dada a sua estrutura e a disponibilidade de recursos científicos e tecnológicos, é um lugar privilegiado para a criação e experimentação de propostas metodológicas para educação a distância. O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a aprendizagem colaborativa como uma dessas propostas metodológicas, e as transformações nos papéis de alunos e de professores, quando aplicada em ambientes virtuais. Para a concretização deste estudo, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, que reuniu informações sobre a evolução dos recursos tecnológicos, dados das universidades virtuais no mundo e no Brasil, levantamento dos modelos de EAD estruturados e em funcionamento no Brasil, conforme Vianney e Torres (2010), Rama (2009), Silvio (2000). Realizou-se também uma breve revisão bibliográfica acerca dos conceitos de aprendizagem colaborativa e suas aplicações no contexto da universidade virtual, segundo Moran (2006), Siqueira (2003), Torres (2004) e Borba (2008); e conceitos de interatividade segundo Silva (2006). Como conclusão, sugere-se utilizar os pressupostos da aprendizagem colaborativa, a interatividade, a troca entre pares, e a flexibilização dos papéis nas comunicações e nas relações, como aspectos a considerar na concretização pedagógica da Universidade Virtual.
Las reformas en la historia del currículo en Venezuela (El proceso de implantación de la Educación Básica 1980-1998)
Authors: Garcia José Pascual Mora 
Published: August 2021

La historia social del currículo aborda el tema de las reformas en dos direcciones, aquella que responde esencialmente a la pregunta acerca de ¿qué conocimiento debe ser enseñado?, y la que responde a las siguientes preguntas: ¿cómo estructurar elcurrículo,equilibrarlo, organizarlo, secuencializarlo,establecer prioridades, evaluarconsecuencias, guiar la interacción entre distintos constituyentes (personas, grupos, instituciones)?, además de ¿cómo orientar y supervisar la práctica de la enseñanza, y cómo dirigir la innovación y el cambio? Estas dos grandes tendencias tienen como implicaciones dos orientaciones episte-mológicas fundamentales, la primera orienta el hilo de sus investigaciones de la mano con la reflexión filosófica, y la segunda orienta sus investigaciones hacia un elemento más prag-mático, como lo es la ingeniería del currículo. Ambas posiciones resultaron ser equivocadas cuando radicalizaron sus posiciones. Con la posición filosófica se generó un proceso educativo para un sujeto en abstracto; con la ingenie-ría del currículo, el acto pedagógico dejó de ser un proceso artístico y creativo para sumirse en un proceso instrumental y cosificado. En el presente trabajo proponemos hacer una mirada sobre las reformas del currículo en Venezuela, sobre todo el proceso de implantación de la Educación Básica (1980- 1998), e intentando superar la mirada plana de la disciplina que abunda en las escuelas de educación y en los especialistas del currículo, al incorporar los elementos epistemológicos y el estudio de cómo se construyó el campo intelectual de este, en el ámbito nacional e internacional.
METODOLOGÍA PARA LA MITIGACIÓN DE RIESGOS EN EL MEJORAMIENTO DE VÍAS TERCIARIAS EN CUNDINAMARCA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Sánchez Estrada Juan Sebastián 
Published: August 2021

El presente documento se basa en la investigación realizada en la gestión de riesgos para proyectos de tipo vial, especialmente, en el mejoramiento de vías terciarias. El cual consiste en el análisis de los riesgos aplicados a este tipo de proyectos, así como, en la presentación de propuestas de mitigación y reducción de la probabilidad de impacto y de ocurrencia. Con este fin, se realizó la identificación de riesgos y análisis propuesto por el Project Management Institute (PMI), para elaborar un manual, el cual propone una metodología y un paso a paso para realizar la correcta construcción del pavimento rígido reduciendo los riesgos latentes a su ocurrencia y los imprevistos laborales en la obra de construcción.
El manual para la gestión de riesgos en el mejoramiento de vías terciarias fue aplicado en un proyecto de obra civil en el municipio de Soacha, Cundinamarca. Este dejó resultados positivos, en donde se observó una alta disminución en los impactos de los riesgos establecidos en principio. Lo anterior, se vio reflejado tanto en la disminución de los riesgos, como en el aumento del rendimiento de la obra civil, así también, hubo una disminución en costos generados por imprevistos, lo cual hace que la utilidad sea mayor que la proyectada inicialmente.
Editorial
Authors: RAMOS HOLGUÍN BERTHA , Peñaloza Anna Carolina 
Published: August 2021

In Enletawa Journal we have been fortunate to come out of strong professional networks that have nourished us over the years. Thanks to all the reviewers and authors that have worked with us over the past several years, we have been able to flourish as an academic journal that presents articles of teachers who have realized that writing is a possibility to act autonomously and echo their voices in the development of the pedagogical experience.
In this volume, we share stories from diverse corners of Colombia. Thanks to the many teachers who care about their students and who work tirelessly to make publishing happen. We are glad you wanted to share your experiences with us because, without any doubt, teachers are an important part of the teaching processes because what teachers say and do impact students’ lives.
COLOMBIA, EDUCACIÓN INEXORABLE
Authors: Alarcón González Julián Andrés 
Published: August 2021

Colombia, un país donde ser maestro, docente o profesor, o en otras palabras un representante del crecimiento básico e íntegro de muchos niños del país, no es valorado. Este ensayo tratará de aquella educación nula, una transmisión de conocimientos sin esfuerzo, un gobierno que desacredita una labor fundamental como lo es ser maestro y lo que conlleva la falta de profesionalismo.
Primero que todo, pongamos la mirada en la caldera del país, el gobierno, en el que cientos de maestros son poco valorados, ya sea sin apreciar sus esfuerzos o el bajo salario que, ante un trabajo y una profesión tan primordial que manejan estos padres de la educación no es lo merecido, pero ¿ahora sabemos la causa de la protesta contra el estado? Con gran razón, por lo que pensamos ¿Cómo es posible que un congresista que únicamente está sentado, a veces aportando ideas, pero que, a pesar de todo lo que gana, no aporta algún beneficio a esta sociedad en decadencia? Lastimosamente es así, crecemos con la mentalidad de ser profesores, docentes, maestros, pero la ineficiencia del estado en todo campo (armado, político, económico) ha generado educadores sin motivación, sin profesionalismo y más que todo, sin méritos de transformar a esta sociedad, que poco a poco va cuesta abajo.
Reflections on student-centered learning: An alternative to traditional English classes
Authors: Fonseca Cely Sulma Patricia , Cano García Leidy Girleza 
Published: August 2021

This article presents some methodological reflections about student-centered learning in order to achieve the Colombian National Standards for Bilingual Education in English classes in an elementary school context. It also discusses the need to raise teacher awareness, understanding of these methodologies, and the need to change teachers´ beliefs and behaviors in the classroom. Findings show that student-centered learning is an alternative for teachers, and it should be included in schools’ Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI) in order to achieve bilingualism. Furthermore, it allows students to explore, practice and increase their autonomy and self-confidence in using a foreign language.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PREFERENSI KONSUMEN KEDAI KOPI MODERN DI BONDOWOSO
Authors: As'ad Mochamad Hafezd , Mulyo Aji Joni Murti 
Published: August 2021

In the modern era today, coffee consumption lifestyle started to develop and penetrated the community especially in urban areas. The rapid growth of coffee shops in Indonesia, could be seen as well in Bondowoso. The existence of city branding "Bondowoso Coffee Republic" has increasingly encouraged the emergence of modern coffee shops. This study aimed to determine: (1) the characteristics of modern coffee shop consumers in Bondowoso, (2) factors that influenced the preferences of modern coffee shop consumers. Research area was determined intentionally (purposive method), namely the urban area of Bondowoso Regency. The location of the study was conducted at modern coffee shops located in the City. The sampling method used was incidental sampling with a total of 120 respondents in 3 selected modern coffee shops. The results showed that: (1) there were several characteristics of modern coffee shop consumers in urban areas of Bondowoso consisting of male with a percentage of 77.5 percent and female of 22.5 percent, 66.67 percent of consumers had the intensity of drinking coffee as much as 3-4 cups per day, ( 2) formed 4 factors that influenced consumer preferences based on 15 variables, namely brand image, service, coffee and modernity.
Volumetric osteoconchoplasty method
Authors: Zargaryan B. M. , Litvinov S. D. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction.Pathology of the inferior turbinates (IT) was found in 76.1% of patients with difficulty in nasal breathing. If nasal breathing cannot be restored with conservative measures, surgical intervention becomes the method of choice.Materials and methods.Under local infiltration anesthesia, the IT is fractured and retracted medially (medialization). In the anterior section of the HHP, a vertical incision 0.5 cm long to the bone is made, through which the mucosa is peeled off from the bone base of the concha with a raspator-suction and a small tunnel from 2 to 3 cm long is created. shell surfaces and a small area of the mucosa of the lateral surface of the IT and the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. After insertion into the created tunnel of the required size of the "spreader-implant" plate, treated with a thin layer of LTK glue, the shell is slightly pressed with a self-inflating latex-foam rubber swab introduced into the IT for 10–15 minutes. At the end of the operation, after removing the tampon, the edges of the incision are processed with LTK glue.Results.The results of the study demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method for the rapid restoration of nasal breathing after rhinosurgical interventions. We use this technique in the overwhelming majority of cases of fibrous and bone forms of IT hypertrophy. In cases of the cavernous form, we perform a submucous conchotomy with a shaver, which makes it possible to very accurately remove exactly that part of the concha that violates the patency of the nasal cavity. In all cases, we consider it compulsory to carry out the IT lateroposition according to our method, which significantly improves the result of the operation. The surface of the shell remains completely covered with mucosa and as a result of matching the edges of the incision, the wound surface is absent. At the same time, after the operation, the shell remains full anatomically and functionally, i.e. consists of the bone skeleton and the corresponding volume of soft tissues.Conclusion.The question of how to predict in the long-term postoperative period the normal size of the modeled IT, apparently, is currently not answered even by highly qualified rhinosurgeons. In this regard, there remains a need to search for new technologies for treating patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis.
Pengaruh Kepribadian (Personality) dan Keinginan Untuk Bertindak (Intention to Act) Terhadap Perilaku Tanggung Jawab Lingkungan (Responsible Environmental Behavior) Siswa
Authors: Tiara Agustiani Mahardika  , I Made Putrawan  , Diana Vivanti Sigit  
Published: August 2021

Environmental damage is intentionally done by individuals or groups of people. Understanding of environmental education involves various parties including one of them students. Behavior of responsibility possessed by students is supported by the personality and desire to act in dealing with environmental problems. This study was aimed at finding effect personality and intention to act toward responsible environmental behavior students. Research conducted at SMAN 31 Jakarta on the Semester I of 2019/2020 school year. The method used is a survey method through causal studies and analyzed by path analysis. The research instruments used were responsible environmental behavior (27 items, reliability 0.763), personality (26 items, reliability 0.820), and intention to act (30 items, reliability 0.904). The results showed that personality has a direct effect on the intention to act, intention to act has a direct effect on responsible environmental behavior , personality has a direct effect on responsible environmental behavior, and the results of intention to act are suitable as mediating variables between personality and responsible environmental behavior on students.
Keys : Student, Personality, Intention to Act, Responsible Environmental Behavior, Reliability.
Detection of fraudulent financial reporting trough the Crowe’s Fraud Pentagon Theory in primary consumer goods indexed
Authors: Kartikasari Maulida Dwi , Sumarno Sumarno , Fitriani Rizki Nur 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the fraud pentagon in detecting fraudulent financial statements. The data was collected by using the documentation method, while the data analysis used was descriptive analysis, classical assumption test, and hypothesis testing. The population in this study were companies IDX Industrial Classification Food and Beverage Sub-Sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) 2016-2019. The sample in this study was 11 companies selected by the purposive sampling method. Based on the multiple linear regression analysis, the results show that opportunity, rationalization, and arrogance have a significant positive effects on fraud detection in Primary Consumer Goods Indexed. This means that rationalization, opportunity, and arrogance can detect fraudulent financial statements. However, the pressure and competence variables have a significance value below 5%. This means that the two variables do not have a significant effect on the detection of fraudulent financial reporting in companies indexed by primary consumer goods in the food and beverage sub-sector.
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT NEEM LEAVES (AZADIRACHTA INDICA JUSS)
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto , Widjanarko Simon Bambang , Rifa'i Muhaimin , Yunianta Yunianta 
Published: August 2021

The neem plant (Azadirachta indica) is a herb with the potential as a source of antioxidants. This study aimed to identify compounds that exist in the neem leaf and determine their antioxidant activity. Neem leaf extract was collected by using 80% methanol. Furthermore, methanol extracts from neem leaves with the highest antioxidant activity were partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. This research were analyzed by partition for antioxidant activity, and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrilhydrazil) and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were determined. The results showed that the ethyl acetate partition had the highest antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 1.004 µg/ml. Neem leaf extract has the potential for a use as an herbal medicine in the treatment of various diseases..
Resource use and the impacts of fisheries on two sympatric sea snake species on the West Coast of India.
Authors: Dsouza Shawn , Rao Chetan , Manoharakrishnan Muralidharan , Shanker Kartik 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Species interactions are central to community assembly and ecosystem functioning. Sea snakes play an important role as mesopredators and as intermediate links in coastal marine food webs. However, they are impacted by anthropogenic pressures such as fisheries throughout their range. We investigated differences in resource use between two sympatric sea snake species from the west coast of India, Hydrophis curtus and H. schistosus, and described the impacts of fishing on the interactions of these species. We compared habitat use, diet, and isotopic niche width between species to determine resource overlap. We then compared trophic overlap of each species with the fisheries in the region and tested the effect of fishing intensity on their isotopic niche width. We found that H. curtus used deeper habitats than H. schistosus, resulting in increased spatial overlap with fisheries. The two species also had distinct trophic niches and H. curtus prey formed a larger proportion of fishery catch on average than H. schistosus. This greater overlap could make H. curtus more vulnerable to the effects of fisheries. Both species exhibited expansion in short-term and long-term isotopic niche width along a gradient of fishing intensity which may indicate behavioural changes associated with the presence of fisheries. Hydrophis curtus is a trophic generalist, competes with syntopic species and is dominant in most assemblages. However, H. schistosus exhibits higher plasticity in resource use and may have an advantage over H. curtus. Thus, fishing could alter the relative abundance of these mesopredators with cascading effects through coastal food webs.
A Randomized Controlled Trial on The Effects of the Chinese Medical Nutrition Therapy (CMNT) Diet on Type 2 Diabetes: Study Protocol
Authors: Yang Xiao , Kang Xincong , Wu Ruiyu , Lai Xihu , Luo Wu , Yang Lan , Zhou Jiali , Yi Ligang , Liu Dongbo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background : Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a serious clinical problem since it has affected more than 463 million people. The importance of individual nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes is highlighted. Chinese Medical Nutrition Therapy (CMNT) is a special dietary intervention pattern featuring traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The aim of the study is to determine the effect of the CMNT diet on remission of T2D. Methods : This study is a randomized, controlled, parallel-group study. Seventy-two T2D patients will be randomly allocated to receive the CMNT diet (n = 36) or to continue their usual diet (as a control, n =36) at a 1:1 ratio for 90 days. Anthropological measures and biochemical assessments, including glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and plasma lipid profiles, will be performed in from patients at baseline and at the end of the study. The primary outcome is the diabetes remission. Secondary outcomes are HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (PBG), plasma lipid profiles, blood pressure, body mass index, treatment satisfaction and quality of life. Discussion: Preclinical data showed that the CMNT diet decreased the blood glucose level, improved insulin resistance and promoted β-cell regeneration. However, clinical evidence is lacking. The present study will help in understanding the potential effect of the CMNT diet on the remission of T2D patients. Consumption of the CMNT diet might decrease the blood glucose level and improve glucose and lipid metabolism. If the CMNT diet demonstrates a significant clinical effect for T2D, it will inform clinical guidelines for the management of T2D in the future. Trial registration : The trial was registered on chictr.org.cn. (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR) Identifier: ChiCTR2000038036. Registered 9th of September, 2020; retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=60970.
Digging Down or Scratching the Surface: How Patients Use Metaphors to Describe their Experiences of Psychotherapy
Authors: Malkomsen Anders , Røssberg Jan Ivar , Dammen Toril , Wilberg Theresa , Løvgren Andre , Ulberg Randi , Evensen Julie Horgen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: In the present study, we wanted to explore which metaphors patients suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) use to explain their experience of being in therapy and their improvement from depression.Methods: Patients with MDD (N = 22) received either psychodynamic therapy (PDT) or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). They were interviewed with semi-structured qualitative interviews after ending therapy. The transcripts were analyzed using a method based on metaphor-led discourse analysis. Results: Metaphors were organized into three different categories concerning the process of therapy, the therapeutic relationship and of improvement from depression. Most frequent were the metaphorical concepts of surface and depth, being open and closed, chemistry, tools, improvement as a journey from darkness to light and depression as a disease or opponent.Conclusions: Patient metaphors concerning the therapeutic experience may provide clinicians and researchers valuable information about the process of therapy. Metaphors offer an opportunity for patients to communicate nuances about their therapeutic experience that are difficult to express in literal language. However, if not sufficiently explored and understood, metaphors may be misinterpreted and become a barrier for therapeutic change. Trial registration: Clinical Trial gov. Identifier: NCT03022071. Date of registration: 16/01/2017.
Glacier Surface Velocities in the Chandrabhaga Massif, Western Himalaya (India) Derived Using COSI-Corr From Landsat Images
Authors: Das Suresh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Himalayan glaciers act as a storehouse of freshwater outside the polar region and sustain the flow of several Asia’s major river systems, such as the Ganges, Indus, and Brahmaputra. Glaciers in High Mountain Asia are likely to be affected by climate change, posing a threat to the future water supply. Frequent mapping and monitoring of these glaciers are in urgent need to assess the future water storage and glacier-climate interaction. In this context, mapping and monitoring of surface velocity can help to infer the health of a glacier. However, systematic assessment of glacier surface velocity is limited to fewer basins or individual glaciers in the Himalaya. Here, I have characterized the spatial and temporal velocity variations of glaciers in the Chandrabhaga massif (CBM) using Landsat time-series data spanning nearly the last three decades (1992-2019). Rigorous post-processing was performed to improve the accuracy of remote sensing derived velocity products. Glaciers showed heterogeneous spatial and temporal velocity patterns based on morphological characteristics and topographical settings. Heavily debris-covered tongues showed nearly stagnant flow (<10 m/yr) while maximum velocity (>60 m/yr) was observed for clean glaciers with steep gradients and crevasses. Surface velocity near the terminus of the lake terminating glaciers was almost double than land terminating debris-covered tongues (32.5 m/yr vs. 12.6 m/yr). An increasing trend in surface velocity is attributed to the rising trend in air temperature in western Himalaya.