bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of age group in breast cancer survival outcome according to neoadjuvant treatment response: A matched case–control study
Authors: Li Chung‐Liang , Wu Cheng‐Che , Kan Jung‐Yu , Chen Fang‐Ming , Hou Ming‐Feng , Chuang Chieh‐Han , Huang Hsin‐I , Ou‐Yang Fu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer in different age groups and evaluate the impact of age group on survival outcome according to different treatment responses. Data were retrospectively collected from the cancer registry database of Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital in Taiwan under an approved protocol. Overall, 96 elder patients (aged >50 years) and 96 younger controls (aged ≤50 years) who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and breast surgical treatment were examined after 1:1 matching. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the effectiveness of treatment response in patients of different age groups. Additionally, the Kaplan–Meier estimator and log‐rank test were performed to evaluate the effect of age group and treatment response on disease‐free and overall survival (OS). Although no direct significant association was found between age group and treatment response, several significant results were found in treatment response stratification analysis. Among 16 pathological complete response (pCR) patients, elder patients showed significantly greater 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) than younger patients (DFS rate, 85.7% vs. 0%, p = 0.041). However, in 176 non‐pCR patients, elder patients showed poor DFS compared to younger patients (DFS rate, 16.6% vs. 32.3%; log‐rank test, p = 0.031). With limited sample size and study design, our study results demonstrate that patients aged >50 years who achieved pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy could obtain better survival outcome than younger patients. However, the younger patients showed no survival benefits regardless of pCR status.
Circular RNA circ_0023404 serves as a miR‐636 sponge to promote malignant behaviors in cervical cancer cells through upregulation of CYP2S1
Authors: Guo Wei‐Wei , Feng Ming‐Ming , Li Shuang‐Feng , Wei Li‐Hui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCervical cancer is the most common malignant gynecological tumor. Circular RNA (circRNA) circ_0023404 is reported to be upregulated in cervical cancer cells. This aim is to explore the role and mechanism of circ_0023404 in cervical cancer. circ_0023404, microRNA‐636 (miR‐636), and cytochrome P450 2S1 (CYP2S1) levels were detected by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were detected by 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EDU) assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and cytometry assay. Protein levels of cyclin D1, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), Bcl‐2‐associated X protein (Bax), and CYP2S1 were examined by western blot assay. The binding relationship between miR‐636 and circ_0023404 or CYP2S1 was predicted by Circinteractome or targetscan, and then verified by a dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull‐down assay. circ_0023404 and CYP2S1 expression were increased, and miR‐636 was decreased in cervical cancer tissues and cells. Moreover, circ_0023404 knockdown could repress proliferation, migration, invasion, and promote apoptosis of cervical cancer cells in vitro. Mechanically, circ_0023404 could regulate CYP2S1 expression by sponging miR‐636. circ_0023404 silencing could attenuate the progression of cervical cancer cells partly by targeting the miR‐636/CYP2S1 axis, hinting at a promising therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
Dupilumab in CRSwNP: Responder Analysis Using Clinically Meaningful Efficacy Outcome Thresholds
Authors: Chuang Chien‐Chia , Guillemin Isabelle , Bachert Claus , Lee Stella E. , Hellings Peter W. , Fokkens Wytske J. , Duverger Nicolas , Fan Chunpeng , Daizadeh Nadia , Amin Nikhil , Mannent Leda P. , Khan Asif H. , Kamat Siddhesh 
Published: November 2021

Objectives/HypothesisDupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks the shared interleukin (IL)‐4/IL‐13 receptor component, significantly improved outcomes for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in the SINUS‐24 and SINUS‐52 studies. This post hoc analysis evaluated dupilumab's effect on patient‐reported symptoms and objective outcome measures using thresholds of clinically meaningful within‐patient change from baseline.MethodsPatients with CRSwNP receiving subcutaneous dupilumab or placebo every 2 weeks in SINUS‐24/SINUS‐52 were analyzed. Patients recorded severity of nasal congestion (NC), loss of smell (LoS), and anterior/posterior rhinorrhea (each within range 0–3) daily. Total Symptom Score (TSS) was calculated as a composite severity score (0–9) for these symptoms. Objective measures included University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT; 0–40), nasal polyps score (NPS; 0–8), and Lund–Mackay computed tomography score (LMK‐CT; 0–24). Thresholds of within‐patient change in scores from baseline at weeks 24 and 52 considered clinically meaningful were ≥1.0 (NC, LoS), ≥3.0 (TSS), ≥8.0 (UPSIT), ≥1.0 (NPS), and ≥5.0 (LMK‐CT).ResultsA total of 724 and 303 patients were included in the week 24 and 52 analyses, respectively. Responder rates were significantly higher with dupilumab versus placebo at week 24 for NC (64% vs. 24%), LoS (63% vs. 14%), TSS (62% vs. 15%), UPSIT (54% vs. 6%), NPS (63% vs. 14%), and LMK‐CT (59% vs. 3%); all P < .0001. Results were consistent at week 52.ConclusionSignificantly greater proportions of dupilumab‐treated patients with CRSwNP compared with placebo demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements in patient‐reported sinonasal symptoms and objective outcomes.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 132:259–264, 2022
Deep Learning Applied to White Light and Narrow Band Imaging Videolaryngoscopy: Toward Real‐Time Laryngeal Cancer Detection
Authors: Azam Muhammad Adeel , Sampieri Claudio , Ioppi Alessandro , Africano Stefano , Vallin Alberto , Mocellin Davide , Fragale Marco , Guastini Luca , Moccia Sara , Piazza Cesare , Mattos Leonardo S. , Peretti Giorgio 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesTo assess a new application of artificial intelligence for real‐time detection of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in both white light (WL) and narrow‐band imaging (NBI) videolaryngoscopies based on the You‐Only‐Look‐Once (YOLO) deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN).Study DesignExperimental study with retrospective data.MethodsRecorded videos of LSCC were retrospectively collected from in‐office transnasal videoendoscopies and intraoperative rigid endoscopies. LSCC videoframes were extracted for training, validation, and testing of various YOLO models. Different techniques were used to enhance the image analysis: contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization, data augmentation techniques, and test time augmentation (TTA). The best‐performing model was used to assess the automatic detection of LSCC in six videolaryngoscopies.ResultsTwo hundred and nineteen patients were retrospectively enrolled. A total of 624 LSCC videoframes were extracted. The YOLO models were trained after random distribution of images into a training set (82.6%), validation set (8.2%), and testing set (9.2%). Among the various models, the ensemble algorithm (YOLOv5s with YOLOv5m—TTA) achieved the best LSCC detection results, with performance metrics in par with the results reported by other state‐of‐the‐art detection models: 0.66 Precision (positive predicted value), 0.62 Recall (sensitivity), and 0.63 mean Average Precision at 0.5 intersection over union. Tests on the six videolaryngoscopies demonstrated an average computation time per videoframe of 0.026 seconds. Three demonstration videos are provided.ConclusionThis study identified a suitable CNN model for LSCC detection in WL and NBI videolaryngoscopies. Detection performances are highly promising. The limited complexity and quick computational times for LSCC detection make this model ideal for real‐time processing.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1798–1806, 2022
Thermal sensitivity in dual‐breathing ectotherms: Embryos and mothers determine species' vulnerability to climate change
Authors: Vorsatz Lyle D. , Mostert Bruce P. , McQuaid Christopher D. , Cannicci Stefano , Porri Francesca 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the life‐stage specific vulnerability of ectotherms to temperature increases is crucial to accurately predicting the consequences of current and future global climate change. Here, we examined ontogeny‐specific thermal vulnerability of three intertidal, bimodal (i.e., air and water) breathing crabs from tropical and warm temperate latitudes to address this issue. Spawning females and embryos of intertidal crabs from warm temperate latitudes were more vulnerable to temperature increases than tropical conspecifics, particularly in water. Our findings do not fully support the Climate Variability Hypothesis for setting upper thermal limits, but correspond with the Oxygen‐ and Capacity‐Limited Thermal Tolerance hypothesis, suggesting ontogeny‐specific aerobic capacity dictates overall species' thermal sensitivity. Bimodal breathing efficiency as an evolutionary adaptation, ontogenetic stage and local climate adaptation are therefore significant factors to consider when evaluating the vulnerability of intertidal ectotherms to temperature increases and the consequences of climate changes for intertidal organisms, populations and communities.
Burnout Among Transplant Hepatologists in the United States
Authors: Pourmand Kamron , Schiano Thomas D. , Motwani Yash , Kriss Michael , Keefer Laurie , Patel Arpan 
Published: November 2021

Burnout among transplant hepatologists has not been well characterized. The goal of this study was to describe the prevalence and predictors of burnout among practicing transplant hepatologists in the United States. We designed a 69‐item survey, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)–Human Services Survey and questions on provider demographics, practice characteristics, and psychological factors. The survey was administered to practicing US transplant hepatologists between October and December 2019. We described burnout using MBI subscales (emotional exhaustion [EE], depersonalization [DP], and personal accomplishment [PA]) and determined significant predictors of burnout, which we defined as high EE, using univariate and multivariate analyses. A total of 185 transplant hepatologists completed the survey (response rate = 25% of 738 practicing transplant hepatologists in the United States). A total of 40% reported high EE, whereas 17% and 16% reported high DP and low PA, respectively. On multivariate analysis, respondents with more than 5 colleagues (odds ratio [OR], 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23‐0.84) reporting adequate time for outpatient visits (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22‐0.80), reporting greater comfort with their clinical caseload (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.39‐0.96), and reporting higher confidence in their prior training (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.28‐0.87) had a lower likelihood of high EE. Working 6 or more hours from home outside of work per week (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.07‐3.89) predicted a higher likelihood of burnout. Compensation, age, gender, career phase, caregiver status, and transplant center volume did not predict burnout. Of the surveyed transplant hepatologists, 40% experienced burnout, predicted mostly by factors related to work‐time distribution, peer support, and affect. These findings should prompt development of system‐level initiatives.
The impact of the German 'DEAL' on competition in the academic publishing market
Authors: Haucap Justus , Moshgbar Nima , Schmal W. Benedikt 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn 2019 and 2020, German research institutions and publishers Wiley and Springer Nature closed the so‐called DEAL agreements to facilitate open access publishing for researchers with German affiliation. These researchers do not have to pay for publishing their articles open access in Wiley and Springer Nature journals, as libraries cover these fees collectively. We use all publications in chemistry from 2016 to 2020 to estimate the impact of the DEAL on eligible scientists' journal choice applying a difference‐in‐differences framework. Even in the short treatment period, publication patterns have changed. Eligible researchers have increased their publications in DEAL journals at the cost of other journals. Two competition concerns emerge: Authors may prefer to publish in DEAL journals, thereby creating a competitive advantage in attracting good papers. Libraries may be left with fewer funds and incentives to subscribe to or to fund open access in non‐DEAL journals. As academic journals are two‐sided platforms, these effects may further spur concentration.
Genetic analysis and prenatal diagnosis of 76 Chinese families with X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Liu Siwen , Li Lin , Wu Hairong , Pei Pei , Zheng Xuefei , Pan Hong , Bao Xinhua , Qi Yu , Ma Yinan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundVariants in the ATP binding cassette protein subfamily D member 1 (ABCD1) gene are known to cause X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X‐ALD). This study focused on the characteristics of ABCD1 variants in Chinese X‐ALD families and elucidated the value of genetic approaches for X‐ALD.Methods68 male probands diagnosed as X‐ALD were screened for ABCD1 variants by the Sanger sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) combined with long‐range PCR. Prenatal diagnosis was performed in 20 foetuses of 17 probands’ mothers. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the gene variants and prenatal diagnosis characteristics and outcomes.ResultsThis study allowed the identification of 61 variants occurring in 68 families, including 58 single nucleotide variants or small deletion/insertion variants and 3 large deletions. Three probands with no variants detected by next‐generation sequencing were found to have variants by PCR‐sequencing. Prenatal diagnosis found that 10 of the 20 foetuses had no variants in ABCD1.ConclusionPCR primers that do not amplify the pseudogenes must be used for PCR‐sequencing. MLPA combined with long‐range PCR can detect large deletions and insertions, which are usually undetectable by PCR‐sequencing. Prenatal diagnosis could help to prevent the birth of infants with X‐ALD.
Quality control of 3D MRSI data in glioblastoma: Can we do without the experts?
Authors: Tensaouti Fatima , Desmoulin Franck , Gilhodes Julia , Martin Elodie , Ken Soleakhena , Lotterie Jean‐Albert , Noël Georges , Truc Gilles , Sunyach Marie‐Pierre , Charissoux Marie , Magné Nicolas , Lubrano Vincent , Péran Patrice , Cohen‐Jonathan Moyal Elizabeth , Laprie Anne 
Published: November 2021

PurposeProton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI) is a noninvasive technique for assessing tumor metabolism. Manual inspection is still the gold standard for quality control (QC) of spectra, but it is both time‐consuming and subjective. The aim of the present study was to assess automatic QC of glioblastoma MRSI data using random forest analysis.MethodsData for 25 patients, acquired prospectively in a preradiotherapy examination, were submitted to postprocessing with syngo.MR Spectro (VB40A; Siemens) or Java‐based magnetic resonance user interface (jMRUI) software. A total of 28 features were extracted from each spectrum for the automatic QC. Three spectroscopists also performed manual inspections, labeling each spectrum as good or poor quality. All statistical analyses, with addressing unbalanced data, were conducted with R 3.6.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing; https://www.r‐project.org).ResultsThe random forest method classified the spectra with an area under the curve of 95.5%, sensitivity of 95.8%, and specificity of 81.7%. The most important feature for the classification was Residuum_Lipids_Versus_Fit, obtained with syngo.MR Spectro.ConclusionThe automatic QC method was able to distinguish between good‐ and poor‐quality spectra, and can be used by radiation oncologists who are not spectroscopy experts. This study revealed a novel set of MRSI signal features that are closely correlated with spectral quality.
Demographics and Management of the Isolated Upper Missouri River Paddlefish Stock of Fort Peck Reservoir, Montana
Authors: Scarnecchia Dennis L. , Nagel Cody J. , Lim Youngtaik , Dalbey Steven R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Paddlefish Polyodon spathula inhabiting Fort Peck Reservoir and the upper Missouri River, Montana, are members of the northern-most and western-most isolated group of the species. These isolated fish support a recreational, river-based snag fishery on migratory adults. We provide population demographics for the Fort Peck Paddlefish stock, including age structure, growth, reproductive success, recruitment, and population trends developed from creel surveys, adult fish tagging, and reservoir surveys of age-0 and age-1 fish over the period 1992–2020. Of 5,108 fish (2,560 males; 2,558 females), mean annual male age ranged from 18.5 to 21.5 years; mean age of females ranged from 24.3 to 30.8 years. Males did not mature until at least 9–12 years, whereas females did not mature until at least ages 16–19. Females were longer and much heavier than males at a given age and throughout adult life. Males exhibited both annual and biennial spawning, whereas almost no females showed consecutive-year spawning but commonly showed biennial spawning. Annual survival rates estimated from cumulative catch curves were 85% for males and 88% for females. Low counts of age-0 and age-1 fish in the reservoir as well as the modest numbers of young male recruits to the fishery indicate that the Fort Peck stock is characterized by a fairly steady but modest recruitment. This isolated stock continues to be managed as a recreational fishery with harvest while maintaining adult population size, sex, and age structure consistent with its recruitment.
A damage model for granite subjected to quasi‐static contact loading
Authors: Shariati Hossein , Saadati Mahdi , Weddfelt Kenneth , Larsson Per‐Lennart , Hild Francois 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn anisotropic damage model is employed in order to simulate the fracture pattern of Bohus granite under quasi‐static (Q‐S) spherical indentation loading. The chosen damage description is added to the previously employed Drucker–Prager (DP) plasticity model with variable dilation angle. The resulting constitutive model is implemented to simulate the behavior of Bohus granite under indentation up to the load capacity of the material. The initial fragmentation, corresponding to the first small load‐drop in the force–penetration curve, is likely due to the high radial tensile stress state at or close to the contact boundary. Both predicted fracture pattern and force–penetration results from the numerical simulation are compared to experimental data and a good agreement is found. The variability in tensile strength of the material is included in the chosen damage model by taking advantage of Weibull statistics. In this work, it is suggested that indentation test results by themselves may be used to calibrate the statistical distribution of tensile strength at small size scales such as in indentation applications.
Low heat generation from organic zinc as a curing activator in rubber and rubber composites under large strain
Authors: Wang Liming , Du Miao , Shan Guorong , Wu Ziliang , Song Yihu , Zheng Qiang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractZnO is a conventional activator in sulfur curing systems, but its excessive release can cause adverse effects to the human body and the environment. Using organic zinc instead of zinc oxide not only decreases the amount of zinc but also disperses the zinc into the natural rubber (NR) matrix more effectively. The results showed that the six organic zinc compounds accelerated the curing process and weakened the Payne effect compared to those with ZnO. Dynamic frequency scan tests of the vulcanizates in linear (small strain) and nonlinear (large strain) viscoelastic regions were performed. Different from that at small strain, there was a great change in the storage modulus, loss modulus and loss factor at large strain. For unfilled NR, the systems with zinc oleate, zinc 2‐ethylhexanoate and zinc acetate as activators showed a weaker Payne effect and low heat generation because of the homogeneous dispersion. For NR/CB (carbon black) composites, the systems with zinc acetate, zinc o‐glycerol and zinc 2‐ethylhexanoate showed a weaker Payne effect and low heat generation at large strain and high frequency due to the homogeneous dispersion and the strong interaction with CB particles. These results will help to clarify the advantages of organic zinc instead of zinc oxide in reducing heat generation for rubber products.
Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging in rat kidney using two‐dimensional navigated, interleaved echo‐planar imaging at 7.0 T
Authors: Liu Qiang , Xu Zhongbiao , Zhao Kaixuan , Hoge W. Scott , Zhang Xinyuan , Mei Yingjie , Lu Qiqi , Niendorf Thoralf , Feng Yanqiu 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of two‐dimensional (2D) navigated, interleaved multishot echo‐planar imaging (EPI) to enhance kidney diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) in rats at 7.0 T. Fully sampled interleaved four‐shot EPI with 2D navigators was tailored for kidney DWI (Sprague–Dawley rats, n = 7) on a 7.0‐T small bore preclinical scanner. The image quality of four‐shot EPI was compared with T2‐weighted rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) (reference) and single‐shot EPI (ss‐EPI) without and with parallel imaging (PI). The contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) was examined to assess the image quality for the EPI approaches. The Dice similarity coefficient and the Hausdorff distance were used for evaluation of image distortion. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated for renal cortex and medulla for all DWI approaches. The corticomedullary difference of MD and FA were assessed by Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Four‐shot EPI showed the highest CNR among the three EPI variants and lowest geometric distortion versus T2‐weighted RARE (mean Dice: 0.77 for ss‐EPI without PI, 0.88 for ss‐EPI with twofold undersampling, and 0.92 for four‐shot EPI). The FA map derived from four‐shot EPI clearly identified a highly anisotropic region corresponding to the inner stripe of the outer medulla. Four‐shot EPI successfully discerned differences in both MD and FA between renal cortex and medulla. In conclusion, 2D navigated, interleaved multishot EPI facilitates high‐quality rat kidney DWI with clearly depicted intralayer and interlayer structure and substantially reduced image distortion. This approach enables the anatomic integrity of DWI‐MRI in small rodents and has the potential to benefit the characterization of renal microstructure in preclinical studies.