bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong Self‐Trapped Exciton Emissions in Two‐Dimensional Na‐In Halide Perovskites Triggered by Antimony Doping
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Xingyi , Sun Huaiyang , Zhang Jinxia , Gao Xiaowen , Yang Chuang , Li Qi , Jiang Hong , Wang Juan , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSoft lattice and strong exciton–phonon coupling have been demonstrated in layered double perovskites (LDPs) recently; therefore, LDPs represents a promising class of compounds as excellent self‐trapped exciton (STE) emitters for applications in solid‐state lighting. However, few LDPs with outstanding STE emissions have been discovered, and their optoelectronic properties are still unclear. Based on the three‐dimensional (3D) Cs2NaInCl6, we synthesized two 2D derivatives (PEA)4NaInCl8:Sb (PEA=phenethylamine) and (PEA)2CsNaInCl7:Sb with monolayer and bilayer inorganic sheets by a combination of dimensional reduction and Sb‐doping. Bright broadband emissions were obtained for the first time under ambient temperature and pressure, with photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) of 48.7 % (monolayer) and 29.3 % (bilayer), superior to current known LDPs. Spectroscopic characterizations and first‐principles calculations of excited state indicate the broadband emissions originate from STEs trapped at the introduced [SbCl6]3− octahedron.
Highly Efficient Near‐Infrared Electrofluorescence from a Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecule
Authors: Balijapalli Umamahesh , Nagata Ryo , Yamada Nishiki , Nakanotani Hajime , Tanaka Masaki , D'Aléo Anthony , Placide Virginie , Mamada Masashi , Tsuchiya Youichi , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNear‐IR organic light‐emitting diodes (NIR‐OLEDs) are potential light‐sources for various sensing applications as OLEDs have unique features such as ultra‐flexibility and low‐cost fabrication. However, the low external electroluminescence (EL) quantum efficiency (EQE) of NIR‐OLEDs is a critical obstacle for potential applications. Here, we demonstrate a highly efficient NIR emitter with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and its application to NIR‐OLEDs. The NIR‐TADF emitter, TPA‐PZTCN, has a high photoluminescence quantum yield of over 40 % with a peak wavelength at 729 nm even in a highly doped co‐deposited film. The EL peak wavelength of the NIR‐OLED is 734 nm with an EQE of 13.4 %, unprecedented among rare‐metal‐free NIR‐OLEDs in this spectral range. TPA‐PZTCN can sensitize a deeper NIR fluorophore to achieve a peak wavelength of approximately 900 nm, resulting in an EQE of over 1 % in a TADF‐sensitized NIR‐OLED with high operational device durability (LT95>600 h.).
The Design of a GLP‐1/PYY Dual Acting Agonist
Authors: Østergaard Søren , Paulsson Johan F. , Kjærgaard Gerstenberg Marina , Wulff Birgitte S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe two gut hormones GLP‐1 and PYY3–36, which are both secreted from the L‐cells upon food stimuli, have a stronger inhibitory effect on food intake when they are combined, compared to their individual effects as single agonists. Although they are not homologous and share no sequence similarity, we show that a GLP‐1 analogue can be designed to exhibit potent activity on both the Y2 and GLP‐1 receptors. Dual acting hybrid analogues were realized by designing truncated and potent Y2 receptor PYY analogues, followed by integrating the critical residues into GLP‐1. In this study, we show that one of these dual acting agonists acutely reduces food intake significantly more than the respective mono‐agonist counterparts.
Dimeric Cycloparaphenylenes with a Rigid Aromatic Linker
Authors: Li Ke , Xu Zhanqiang , Deng Han , Zhou Zhennan , Dang Yanfeng , Sun Zhe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDimeric cycloparaphenylene (CPP) architectures with well‐defined flipping motion are constructed taking advantage of an efficient cyclocondensation reaction. Variable‐temperature nuclear magnetic resonance (VT‐NMR) analyses and theoretical calculations indicate rapid interconversion of cis and trans conformers at room temperature, while energetically favorable trans conformer exists at low temperature with the metastable cis conformer hidden. The trihexylsilylethynyl‐substituted dimer exhibits bright emission in solution at 616 nm with quantum yield up to 80 %, representing the brightest CPP‐based emitter beyond 600 nm. A 1:2 host–guest complex of the dimer and C60 is established with negative cooperativity, demonstrating the first example of 1:2 complex from CPP derivatives.
An Efficient Turing‐Type Ag2Se‐CoSe2 Multi‐Interfacial Oxygen‐Evolving Electrocatalyst**
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Long , Yang Peng‐Peng , Zheng Ya‐Rong , Duan Yu , Hu Shao‐Jin , Ma Tao , Gao Fei‐Yue , Niu Zhuang‐Zhuang , Wu Zhi‐Zheng , Qin Shuai , Chi Li‐Ping , Yu Xingxing , Wu Rui , Gu Chao , Wang Cheng‐Ming , Zheng Xu‐Sheng , Zheng Xiao , Zhu Jun‐Fa , Gao Min‐Rui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlthough the Turing structures, or stationary reaction‐diffusion patterns, have received increasing attention in biology and chemistry, making such unusual patterns on inorganic solids is fundamentally challenging. We report a simple cation exchange approach to produce Turing‐type Ag2Se on CoSe2 nanobelts relied on diffusion‐driven instability. The resultant Turing‐type Ag2Se‐CoSe2 material is highly effective to catalyze the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline electrolytes with an 84.5 % anodic energy efficiency. Electrochemical measurements show that the intrinsic OER activity correlates linearly with the length of Ag2Se‐CoSe2 interfaces, determining that such Turing‐type interfaces are more active sites for OER. Combing X‐ray absorption and computational simulations, we ascribe the excellent OER performance to the optimized adsorption energies for critical oxygen‐containing intermediates at the unconventional interfaces.
Single Atom Ruthenium‐Doped CoP/CDs Nanosheets via Splicing of Carbon‐Dots for Robust Hydrogen Production
Authors: Song Haoqiang , Wu Min , Tang Zhiyong , Tse John S. , Yang Bai , Lu Siyu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUltrathin two‐dimensional catalysts are attracting attention in the field of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. This work describe a composite material design in which CoP nanoparticles doped with Ru single‐atom sites supported on carbon dots (CDs) single‐layer nanosheets formed by splicing CDs (Ru1CoP/CDs). Small CD fragments bore abundant functional groups, analogous to pieces of a jigsaw puzzle, and could provide a high density of binding sites to immobilize Ru1CoP. The single‐particle‐thick nanosheets formed by splicing CDs acted as supports, which improved the conductivity of the electrocatalyst and the stability of the catalyst during operation. The Ru1CoP/CDs formed from doping atomic Ru dispersed on CoP showed very high efficiency for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) over a wide pH range. The catalyst prepared under optimized conditions displayed outstanding stability and activity: the overpotential for the HER at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 was as low as 51 and 49 mV under alkaline and acidic conditions, respectively. Density functional theory calculations showed that the substituted Ru single atoms lowered the proton‐coupled electron transfer energy barrier and promoted H−H bond formation, thereby enhancing catalytic performance for the HER. The findings open a new avenue for developing carbon‐based hybridization materials with integrated electrocatalytic performance for water splitting.
Design of convex‐hull bionic tire tread compounds and mechanism on collaborative improvement of wet resistance and wear resistance
Authors: Mao Chunyu , Lv Xueman , Yang Xiaodong , Yang Zhuojuan , Ma Yunhai , Lv Shuwei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe materials or bionic methods available cannot further solve the contradiction between the wear resistance and wet resistance of tire tread compounds. In this study, a convex‐hull bionic tire tread compound was designed and produced according to the difference in wear resistance between two types of tire tread compounds. The effects of the bionic structure on the wear resistance and wet resistance of the tire tread compounds were explored by analyzing the changes in wear loss, wear surface characteristics, and wet friction coefficient. The wear resistance and wet resistance of the convex‐hull bionic tire tread compound were collaboratively improved. The largest increasing rate of wear resistance was 9%, and the largest increasing rates of wet sliding ability on sand paper surface and on smooth glass surface were 3.4% and 4.2%, respectively. The coupling design of materials and bionic structures offers a new way to improve the overall performances of tire tread compounds.
Accurate self‐damage detection by electrically conductive epoxy/graphene nanocomposite film
Authors: Meng Qingshi , Araby Sherif , Oh Jeong‐A , Chand Aron , Zhang Xuming , Kenelak Vincent , Ma Jian , Liu Tianqing , Ma Jun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDetecting and locating accurately structure damages at an early stage is essential to minimization of catastrophic disasters, prevention of fatalities and provision of cost‐effective maintenance. We herein report a facile approach to detect structure damages and to accurately identify their locations by using an electrically conductive epoxy/graphene nanocomposite film. A percolation threshold of electrical conductivity was observed at 0.58 vol% of graphene platelets (GnPs, ~3 nm in thickness and ~15 μm in length); electrical conductivity of 3.3 S/cm was obtained at 9.00 vol% of GnPs. The epoxy/GnP composite film containing 9.00 vol% of GnPs was employed as an array of electrically conductive paths in horizontal and vertical directions to detect and locate structure's damages. Thermal stability and temperature coefficient of the composite film were studied. Relative resistance change due to temperature effect was fitted into an exponential function, which showed strong correlation with the temperature change. This implies that an algorithm can be developed to compensate drift errors in resistance measurement due to temperature variation. With the help of Internet of Things, our self‐sensing epoxy/graphene nanocomposite films have great potential for smart aerospace structural health monitoring.
A novel technique to fabricate magnetic polydimethylsiloxane micropillar
Authors: Yang Xiaoming , Zhong Zhaowei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn past decades, polymeric micropillars have been employed in many complex functional micro‐devices, such as micro‐fluids, micro‐sensors, tunable wetting surfaces, and substrate structures. This paper presents a novel technique to fabricate high‐aspect‐ratio magnetic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micropillars that can move under gradient magnetic fields. First, a drop of Fe3O4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles was dispersed in acetone solution, sonicated, and poured over a pre‐etch silicon mold with deep micro‐holes. Second, we quickly attracted Fe3O4 nanoparticles in micro‐holes with a strong permanent magnet at the silicon mold's backside. Third, we used a soft lithography process to force the PDMS liquid to flow into the micro‐holes by sequencing the air in a vacuum chamber, baked in a hot plate, and then peeled off in ethanol solution and dried in a CO2 dryer machine. The diameters of PDMS magnetic micropillars were from 1 μm, 2 μm to 10 μm, and the heights were 30 μm and 50 μm. We observed 1 μm micropillar with 50 aspect ratio could deflect its end up to 12 μm under a gradient magnetic field of 5 mT/mm. The magnetic micropillar end movement in an ethanol solution was validated, which broads the application to micro‐fluidics and other liquid microdevices. The energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy also examined the iron percentage in PDMS micropillars. They were in a range of 42% to 81.4%; with the median value was 59.6% that is the highest value reported in the literature, to our best knowledge.
Anthropogenic injury and site fidelity in Maldivian whale sharks (Rhincodon typus)
Authors: Allen Harriet L. , Stewart Bryce D. , McClean Colin J. , Hancock James , Rees Richard 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhale sharks collect in predictable seasonal aggregations across the tropics. South Ari Atoll in the Maldives is one of a few aggregation sites where whale sharks can be encountered year‐round. Here, areas with high levels of tourism‐related boating traffic overlap with the whale shark hotspot, increasing the probability of anthropogenic injury. Whale sharks have been reported to remain faithful to this aggregation site following injury, despite the costs of injury and the risk of re‐injury. However, the impacts of injury on site fidelity and residency behaviour are not fully understood.Encounter data on individual sharks from the Maldives Whale Shark Research Programme database (2006–2018) were analysed to assess the relationship between injury and site fidelity in whale sharks. There was no difference in geographic site use, with injured and non‐injured individuals being encountered in the same areas. However, there were differences in residency timings: injured resident whale sharks (individuals repeatedly encountered over 6 months or longer) spent significantly more time at the atoll and less time absent, and were seen more consistently than non‐injured residents. Increased residency duration, return rate and number of residency periods correlated with increasing injury number.These differences in behaviour imply a cost to injury, with whale sharks potentially remaining at this site to recover. With boat traffic being concentrated at the aggregation site, injured sharks may be more vulnerable to further injury. Alternatively, these individuals may remain at the atoll despite injury because the benefits gained from this area outweigh the potential costs, with more resident individuals facing greater exposure to anthropogenic threats. These findings highlight the importance of this location and emphasize the need for improved management of anthropogenic activities, particularly boating traffic, at aggregation hotspots to reduce injury rates and any subsequent impacts on behaviour and fitness.
Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs): Properties, Synthesis and their Advanced Energy, Environmental and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Sarfraz Nafeesa , Khan Ibrahim 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInducing plasmonic characteristics, primarily localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), in conventional AuNPs through particle size and shape control could lead to a significant enhancement in electrical, electrochemical, and optical properties. Synthetic protocols and versatile fabrication methods play pivotal roles to produced plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which can be employed in multipurpose energy, environmental and biomedical applications. The main focus of this review is to provide a comprehensive and tutorial overview of various synthetic methods to design highly plasmonic AuNPs, along with a brief essay to understand the experimental procedure for each technique. The latter part of the review is dedicated to the most advanced and recent solar‐induced energy, environmental and biomedical applications. The synthesis methods are compared to identify the best possible synthetic route, which can be adopted while employing plasmonic AuNPs for a specific application. The tutorial nature of the review would be helpful not only for expert researchers but also for novices in the field of nanomaterial synthesis and utilization of plasmonic nanomaterials in various industries and technologies.
Study and Comparison on Purification Methods of Multicolor Emission Carbon Dots
Authors: Zhou Shengju , Sui Ying , Zhu Xiaotong , Sun Xiaofeng , Zhuo Shuping , Li Hongguang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRecent years have witnessed a rapid development of carbon dots (CDs), due to their outstanding luminescence properties and excellent biocompatibility. However, the internal structure and photoluminescent (PL) mechanism of CDs are still the subject of considerable debate, which is due to the fact that reaction products usually contain mixtures of several CD fractions as well as molecular intermediate and side products. Therefore, careful purification of the CDs is significant for analysis of structure and luminescence mechanism. Here, multicolor emission CDs were prepared by a one‐pot pyrolysis of citric acid in formamide. Then, the precipitation method, dialysis and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) are successively employed to purify the multicolor emission CDs. This post‐treatment allowed us to compare the optical properties of CDs obtained by different separation methods and provide a valuable guidance for the purification of CDs.
Molecular Architectonics‐guided Design of Biomaterials
Authors: Moorthy Hariharan , Datta Lakshmi Priya , Govindaraju Thimmaiah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe quest for mastering the controlled engineering of dynamic molecular assemblies is the basis of molecular architectonics. The rational use of noncovalent interactions to programme the molecular assemblies allow the construction of diverse molecular and material architectures with novel functional properties and applications. Understanding and controlling the assembly of molecular systems are daunting tasks owing to the complex factors that govern at the molecular level. Molecular architectures depend on the design of functional molecular modules through the judicious selection of functional core and auxiliary units to guide the precise molecular assembly and co‐assembly patterns. Biomolecules with built‐in information for molecular recognition are the ultimate examples of evolutionary guided molecular recognition systems that define the structure and functions of living organisms. Explicit use of biomolecules as auxiliary units to command the molecular assemblies of functional molecules is an intriguing exercise in the scheme of molecular architectonics. In this minireview, we discuss the implementation of the principles of molecular architectonics for the development of novel biomaterials with functional properties and applications ranging from sensing, drug delivery to neurogeneration and tissue engineering. We present the molecular designs pioneered by our group owing to the requirement and scope of the article while acknowledging the designs pursued by several research groups that befit the concept.
Improved Synthesis of ortho‐Phenylene‐bridged Cyclic Tetrapyrroles and Oxidative Fusion Reactions Toward Substituted Tetraaza[8]circulenes
Authors: Morimoto Yuki , Chen Fengkun , Matsuo Yusuke , Kise Koki , Tanaka Takayuki , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHetero[8]circulenes have emerged as novel functionalized heteronanographenes that show various promising functions such as bright fluorescence, charge transporting, and redox reactivities. One of the effective synthetic strategy is the fold‐in type oxidative fusion reaction of ortho‐phenylene‐bridged cyclic tetrapyrroles, whose construction, however, is not well‐sophisticated in terms of reproducibility and possibility for versatile derivatization. In this paper, a “reverse” coupling strategy has been developed, which enabled synthesis of opp‐type low symmetric analogues of cyclic tetrapyrroles. Oxidative fusion reaction conditions to afford tetraaza[8]circulenes have also been reinvestigated and improved. Substituent effects of cyclic tetrapyrroles and tetrabenzotetraaza[8]circulenes are studied for solid‐state structures and packing structures, redox potentials, and optical properties.
One‐Step Simultaneous Synthesis of Circularly Polarized Luminescent Multiple Helicenes Using a Chrysene Framework
Authors: Ikai Tomoyuki , Yamakawa Shoya , Suzuki Nozomu , Yashima Eiji 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA series of multiple helicenes was simultaneously synthesized in one step by intramolecular cyclization of a single chrysene derivative containing two 2‐[(4‐alkoxyphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl units accompanied by rearrangements of the aryl pendants. The electrophile‐induced double cyclization with or without aryl migrations proceeded efficiently under acidic conditions to afford annulative π‐extension of the chrysene units and produced quadruple (QH‐2), triple (TH‐2), and double (DH‐2) helicenes containing [4]‐ and/or [5]helicene frameworks with dynamic and/or static helicene chirality in one step. Three multiple helicenes’ structures were determined by X‐ray crystallography and/or density functional theory calculations. The multiple TH‐2 and DH‐2 helicenes were separated into enantiomers because of the stable one and two [5]helicene moieties, respectively, and showed intense circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence. Although QH‐2, which comprises four [4]helicene subunits, was not resolved into enantiomers, the TH‐2 enantiomers were further separated into a pair of diastereomers at low temperature resulting from their substituted [4]helicene chirality.
Immobilized peptide‐N‐glycosidase F onto magnetic nanoparticles: A biotechnological tool for protein deglycosylation under native conditions
Authors: Bidondo Lucía , Festari Florencia , Freire Teresa , Giacomini Cecilia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe elucidation of glycans biological function is essential to understand their role in biological processes, both normal and pathological. Immobilized glycoenzymes are excellent tools for this purpose as they can selectively release glycans from glycoproteins without altering their backbone. They can be easily removed from the reaction mixture avoiding their interference in subsequent experiments. Here, we describe the immobilization of peptide‐N‐glycosidase F (PNGase F) onto silica magnetic nanoparticles with immobilization yields of 86% and activity yields of 12%. Immobilized PNGase F showed higher thermal stability than its soluble counterpart, and could be reused for at least seven deglycosylation cycles. It was efficient in the deglycosylation of several glycoproteins (ribonuclease B, bovine fetuin, and ovalbumin) and a protein lysate from the parasite Fasciola hepatica under native conditions, with similar performance to that of the soluble enzyme. Successful deglycosylation was evidenced by a decrease in specific lectin recognition of the glycoproteins (40%–80%). Moreover, deglycosylated F. hepatica lysate allowed us to confirm the role of parasite N‐glycans in the inhibition of the lipopolysaccharide‐induced maturation of dendritic cells. Immobilized PNGase F probed to be a robust biotechnological tool for deglycosylation of glycoproteins and complex biological samples under native conditions.