bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erythritol air polishing in the surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hentenaar Diederik F.M. , De Waal Yvonne C.M. , Stewart Roy E. , Van Winkelhoff Arie Jan , Meijer Henny J.A. , Raghoebar Gerry M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo compare erythritol air polishing with implant surface cleansing using saline during the surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis.Material and MethodsDuring a resective surgical intervention, implant surfaces were randomly treated with either air polishing (test group n = 26 patients/53 implants) or saline‐soaked cotton gauzes (control group n = 31 patients/ 40 implants). Primary outcome was change in mean bleeding on probing (BoP) from baseline to 12 months follow‐up. Secondary outcomes were changes in mean suppuration on probing (SoP), plaque score (Plq), probing pocket depth (PPD), marginal bone loss (MBL), periodontal full‐mouth scores (PFMS), and levels of 8 classical periodontal pathogens. Clinical and radiographical parameters were analyzed using multilevel regression analyses. Microbiological outcomes were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsNo differences between the test and control group were found for BoP over 12 months of follow‐up, nor for the secondary parameters Plq, PPD, and MBL. Between both groups, a significant difference was found for the levels of SoP (p = 0.035). No significant effect on microbiological levels was found. A total number of 6 implants were lost in the test group and 10 in the control group. At 1‐year follow‐up, a successful treatment outcome (PPD<5 mm, max 1 out of 6 sites BoP, no suppuration and no progressive bone loss >0.5 mm) was achieved for a total of 18 implants (19.2%).ConclusionsErythritol air polishing as implant surface cleansing method was not more effective than saline during resective surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis in terms of clinical, radiographical, and microbiological parameters. Both therapies resulted in low treatment success.Trial registry: https://www.trialregister.nl/ Identifier: NL8621.
A preliminary study of the effects of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy on structural brain networks in mood‐dysregulated youth with a familial risk for bipolar disorder
Authors: Yang Jing , Lei Du , Suo Xueling , Tallman Maxwell J. , Qin Kun , Li Wenbin , Bruns Kaitlyn M. , Blom Thomas J. , Duran Luis Rodrigo Patino , Cotton Sian , Sweeney John A. , Gong Qiyong , DelBello Melissa P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMindfulness‐based cognitive therapy for children (MBCT‐C), as a psychotherapeutic intervention, has been shown to be effective for treating mood dysregulation (MD). While previous neuroimaging studies of MD have reported both pre‐treatment structural and functional alterations, the effects of MBCT‐C on brain morphological network organisation has not been investigated.MethodsWe investigated brain morphological network organisation in 10 mood‐dysregulated youth with familial risk for bipolar disorder and 15 matched healthy comparison youth (HC). Effects of 12 weeks of MBCT‐C were examined in the mood‐dysregulated youth. Topological properties of brain networks used for analyses were constructed based on morphological similarities in regional grey matter using a graph‐theory approach using MRI data.ResultsAt baseline, compared with the HC group, the mood‐dysregulated group exhibited increased global efficiency (Eglob), decreased path length (Lp), and abnormal nodal properties, mainly in the limbic system. Right temporal pole alterations at baseline predicted change in Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure scores after treatment. The mood‐dysregulated group showed significant decreases in both the Eglob and Lp metrics after MBCT‐C, suggesting an improved capacity for optimal information processing. Changes in Lp were correlated with changes in Emotion Regulation Checklist scores. Our results show significant topological alterations in the mood‐dysregulated group as compared to controls at baseline. After MBCT‐C, disrupted topological properties in the mood‐dysregulated group were significantly reduced.ConclusionMBCT‐C may facilitate clinically meaningful changes in the brain structural network in mood‐dysregulated individuals.
Vestibular compensation of otolith graviceptive dysfunction in stroke patients
Authors: Baier Bernhard , Cuvenhaus Hannah , Müller Notger , Birklein Frank , Dieterich Marianne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeA sensitive and frequent clinical sign of a vestibular tone imbalance is the tilt of the perceived subjective visual vertical (SVV). There are no data yet focusing on lesion location at the cortical level as a factor for predicting compensation from the tilt of the SVV.MethodsWith modern voxelwise lesion behavior mapping analysis, the present study determines whether lesion location in 23 right‐hemispheric cortical stroke patients with an otolith dysfunction could predict the compensation of a vestibular tone imbalance in the chronic stage.ResultsOur statistical anatomical lesion analysis revealed that lesions of the posterior insular cortex are involved in vestibular otolith compensation.ConclusionThe insular cortex appears to be a critical anatomical region for predicting a tilt of the SVV as a chronic disorder in stroke patients.
Serum neurofilament light as biomarker of seizure‐related neuronal injury in status epilepticus
Authors: Giovannini Giada , Bedin Roberta , Ferraro Diana , Vaudano Anna Elisabetta , Mandrioli Jessica , Meletti Stefano 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBiomarkers of neuronal damage in status epilepticus (SE) would be of great relevance for clinical and research purposes. In a retrospective cross‐sectional study, serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were measured in patients with SE (30 subjects), patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy (30 subjects), and healthy controls (30 subjects). Serum NfL levels were higher in patients with SE (median = 26.15 pg/ml) compared to both epilepsy patients (median = 7.35 pg/ml) and healthy controls (median = 6.81 pg/ml; p < .001). In patients with SE, serum NfL levels showed a high correlation with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NfL (τ = .68, p < .001) as well as with CSF total tau (t‐tau) levels (τ = .627, p < .001); they were higher in SE lasting >24 h (p = .013), in refractory/superrefractory SE (p = .004), and in patients who died within 30 days or who presented a worsening of clinical conditions (p = .001). Values of >28.8 pg/ml predicted 30‐day clinical worsening or death (odds ratio [OR] = 10.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.96–59.83, p = .006) and SE refractoriness (OR = 9.33, 95% CI = 1.51–57.65, p = .016). In conclusion, serum NfL levels are increased in SE and correlate with SE treatment response, duration, and outcomes, therefore representing a promising biomarker of seizure‐related neuronal damage.
Tolerability and safety of galcanezumab in patients with chronic cluster headache with up to 15 months of galcanezumab treatment
Authors: Láinez Miguel J. A. , Schoenen Jean , Stroud Chad , Bardos Jennifer , Bangs Mark , Kemmer Phebe , Wenzel Richard , Kuruppu Dulanji K. , Martinez James Michael , Oakes Tina M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to assess the tolerability and safety of galcanezumab in patients with chronic cluster headache (CH) with up to 15 months of treatment.BackgroundChronic CH is a highly debilitating disease with a substantial and unmet medical need.MethodsPatients were randomized to receive placebo or galcanezumab (300 mg) monthly for 12 weeks, followed by an optional 52‐week open‐label extension and 16‐week posttreatment follow‐up (washout). This is a secondary analysis and long‐term follow‐up of a previously conducted clinical trial. The safety analysis included patients who received galcanezumab at any time during the study. Outcomes included adverse events (AEs), discontinuations, laboratory values, vital signs, electrocardiograms (ECGs), and suicidality ratings.ResultsA total of 233 patients received at least one galcanezumab dose. The mean exposure was 341 days. Galcanezumab‐treated patients were mostly male (n = 169/233; 72.5%) with a mean age of 44.9 (±10.9) years. Treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported by 185 patients (n = 185/233; 79.4%), 23 patients (n = 23/233; 9.9%) reported serious adverse events (SAEs), and 18 patients (n = 18/233; 7.7%) discontinued due to AEs. The SAE CH was reported by three patients. The most common TEAEs (>10%) were nasopharyngitis (n = 41/233; 17.6%) and injection site pain (n = 33/233; 14.2%). 27.5% of patients (n = 64/233) had TEAEs related to injection sites. Likely hypersensitivity events, including injection site rash, injection site urticaria, and injection site hypersensitivity were reported (n = 14/233; 6.0%). There were past histories of suicidal ideation (n = 55/237; 23.2%) and suicidal behavior (n = 9/236; 3.8%). During the study, 15 patients (n = 15/230; 6.5%), seven with previous history, reported suicidal ideation. One patient had a nonfatal suicide attempt during the open‐label extension and an aborted attempt during the washout. There were no new safety findings compared with the placebo‐controlled treatment period in laboratory values, vital signs, or ECGs.ConclusionsGalcanezumab 300 mg monthly had a favorable tolerability and safety profile in patients with chronic CH with up to 15 months of treatment.
Global production of nursing research: A 10‐year survey of subspecialty nursing journals
Authors: Zeng Guohua , Wu Qiong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the characteristics of global productivity of nursing research in subspecialty nursing journals and to provide a general view of global nursing research.MethodsOn 10 January 2020, Web of Science was used for research collection. Publications in subspecialty nursing journals from 2015 to 2019 were analysed.ResultsA total of 34 275 publications were retrieved. The United States (15 155) ranked first, followed by Australia (2439), China (2076), Brazil (1803) and the United Kingdom (1602). High‐income economies produced 82.26% of the total number of publications. Research production was not significantly correlated with the population (p = 0.113, r = 0.412), whereas it was positively correlated with gross domestic product (p = 0.030, r = 0.541). The United States had the highest number of total citations (46 297). The Netherlands ranked highest when analysing mean citations, followed by Finland and Australia. Sweden ranked highest after correcting for gross domestic product, followed by Australia and Finland. Australia was the most productive nation when adjusted by population, followed by Sweden and Norway.ConclusionThe United States is the leader in nursing research productivity. Countries with large economies tend to make greater contributions to global nursing research. Some European countries and Australia were found to be more prolific when stratified by population size and economic activity.
Conceptualising regional skills ecosystems: Reflections on four African cases
Authors: Wedekind Volker , Russon Jo‐Anna , Ramsarup Presha , Monk David , Metelerkamp Luke , McGrath Simon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this article we address the debate on regional skills formation systems in Africa. We draw on the social ecosystems model (SEM) developed by Hodgson and Spours to analyse data from four case studies that reflect the complexities of African economies, rural and urban, formal and informal. The SEM model helps us focus on the three dimensions of a strong skills ecosystem: collaboration between a range of actors, key institutions and system leaders within the region (the horizontal); top‐down policies, regulations, and funding streams that enable or constrain the regional skills ecosystem (the vertical); and the points where these two interact, often through mediation activities. In the case of the last of these three, our cases point to the importance of nurturing organisations which can provide SEM leadership, particularly in more fragile ecosystems. Yet, in none of the cases, are public vocational institutions playing the strong anchor role envisaged in the model. The significance of the paper lies in three ways it develops the SEM in relation to regional skills ecosystems. First, we problematise the notion of a facilitatory state and place it within wider national and global webs of power. Second, we insist that the local or regional is always embedded in and networked into myriad national and international levels. This requires a more complex understanding of how social skills ecosystems operate. Third, the notion of an anchor institution requires further elaboration. In most social ecosystems these institutions need to be built or strengthened and a clearer understanding is required of the processes of institutionalisation and what mechanisms make it possible to build this capacity and sustain it over time.
Risk factors and early prediction of clinical deterioration and mortality in adult COVID‐19 inpatients: an Australian tertiary hospital experience
Authors: Brook Rowena , Lim Hui Yin , Ho Prahlad , Choy Kay Weng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundEarly recognition of severe COVID‐19 is essential for timely patient triage.AimsTo report clinical and laboratory findings and patient outcomes at a tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of adult inpatients with COVID‐19 admitted to Northern Health from March to September 2020. Data were extracted from electronic medical records.ResultsKey admission data were available for 182 patients (median age 67.0 years (interquartile range, 47.9–83.1); 51.1% female). Fifty‐six (30.8%) were from residential care. One hundred and seventeen (64.3%) patients were assigned Goals of Patient Care (GOPC) A or B and 65 (35.7%) GOPC C or D. Comorbidities were present in 135 patients (74.2%). 63.2% of patients received antibiotics, 6.6% had antivirals, 45.6% received systemic glucocorticoid and 3.3% had tocilizumab. Fifty‐six (30.8%) developed clinical deterioration (24 requiring ventilation, 21 receiving critical care, 34 died). Overall, inhospital clinical deterioration was significantly associated with older age (P < 0.001), history of diabetes (P = 0.038), lower lymphocyte count (P = 0.002) and platelet count (P = 0.004), higher neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.002), elevated fibrinogen (P = 0.004), higher serum ferritin (P = 0.027) and C‐reactive protein (CRP; P = 0.002). The accuracy of the 4C Deterioration model was moderate, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.68–0.90) compared with an AUC of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.76–0.78) in the original validation cohort.ConclusionsIn the present study, high neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, abnormal d‐dimer, high serum CRP and ferritin appear to be useful prognostic markers.
Early career mental health nurses’ emotional experiences in specialist eating disorder units, Victoria, Australia
Authors: Ryu Hosu , Hamilton Bridget , Tarrant Bronwyn 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTThe treatment of consumers with eating disorders requires skilled clinicians due to the psychological and medical complexities of the illness. However, a volume of research shows that clinicians report negative feelings, such as anxiety, frustration and anger when providing care for consumers with eating disorders. Limited research explores mental health nurses’ experiences working in a specialist eating disorder inpatient unit. This study aimed to explore early career mental health nurses’ experiences working in such a unit in Australia. A descriptive qualitative method was used, incorporating a stage of theoretical analysis informed by psychodynamic concepts. A total of six nurses were interviewed. Two key themes emerged: (i) initial tension; (ii) understanding self and others through countertransference. In the first theme, participants commonly reported anxiety and frustration. Frustration often related to the struggle to empathise and feeling powerless to change life‐threatening eating behaviours. The second theme explored the understanding of self and others through countertransference. Participants described the inadequacy, anger and anxiety they felt during the interaction with consumers as the projection of another person’s inner experience. Nurses’ accounts also reflected identification of self to others, in the attempt to understand experiences of consumers. The phenomenon of re‐enactment of pre‐existing relationships was also raised. The study shows that working with consumers with eating disorders can elicit strong emotional experiences, which early career nurses were able to over time to more usefully explore as countertransference. It is recommended that nurses have appropriate opportunities to discuss and reflect on their feelings in order to develop their practice and professional resilience.
First‐principles investigation of solution mechanism of C in TM‐Si‐C matrix as the potential high‐temperature ceramics
Authors: Pu Delin , Pan Yong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough the TM‐Si‐C ternary compounds are promising advanced ceramics, the solution mechanism of C element in TM‐Si matrix is entirely unclear. In particular, the influence of C on the mechanical properties of TM‐Si matrix is no clear. To solve the problem, we apply the first‐principles calculations to study the occupied mechanism of C in TM5Si3 silicides. In addition, the influence of C element on the mechanical properties of TM5Si3 is further studied. Here, two typical TM5Si3 phases: D8l‐Ta5Si3 and D8m‐Mo5Si3 are considered. For C‐doping, six C interstitial sites, Mo5Si3‐C(1), Mo5Si3‐C(2), Mo5Si3‐C(3), Ta5Si3‐C(1), Ta5Si3‐C(2), and Ta5Si3‐C(3), are designed. The calculated results show that six C‐doped TM5Si3 matrices are thermodynamically stable. Among them, the C element prefers to occupy the Mo5Si3‐C(2) and Ta5Si3‐C(3) models. The calculated mechanical properties show that the additive C element weakens the bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Young's modulus of TM5Si3. However, the C element can improve the fracture toughness of Mo5Si3 and Ta5Si3, which are in good agreement with the experimental phenomenon. Naturally, the improvement of fracture toughness is related to the formation of TM‐C bond and Si‐C bond.
Clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological evaluations of patients with nail disorders
Authors: Abu El‐Hamd Mohammed , Yassin Fatma El‐Zahraa Salah El‐Deen , El‐hamid Nehal Hussein Abd , El‐Sharkawy Reham Ezz El Dawla 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the possible role of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of different nail disorders compared with the clinical and histopathological diagnosis.MethodsThis study included 104 patients with nail disorders of both sex and any age. All the patients were subjected to a detailed medical history taken, clinical general examination, clinical and dermoscopic examinations of 20 nails. Potassium hydroxide examination was used to examine all patients with suspicious of onychomycosis. Histopathological evaluation was used to examine clinically ambiguous nail disorders.ResultsThe most common nail diseases were onychomycosis (54.81%) followed by nail psoriasis (19.2%) and nail lichen planus (3.8%).ConclusionClinical evaluation was important in the diagnosis of different nail diseases. Nail dermoscopy could confirm clinical diagnosis and help in getting an accurate diagnosis of nail diseases and guide in the management of nail diseases by permitting better visualization of nail structure and pathology. The histopathological examination provided the most definitive method in reaching an accurate diagnosis due to it could provide etiologic, diagnostic, and prognostic information. There was a good agreement between clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological examinations for accurate diagnosis of different nail diseases.
Asian upper blepharoplasty and dual‐plane epicanthoplasty: An integrated four‐step technique
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Jiaqi , Ma Jiguang , Yu Lu , Wang Tailing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionDouble‐eyelid blepharoplasty and epicanthoplasty is usually performed concurrently in Asian patients to achieve aesthetically pleasing eye appearance, but the epicanthal area is prone to scarring. This article introduces an integrated four‐step technique that enlarges the eyes with minimal scarring risk.MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐five patients who underwent Asian upper blepharoplasty and dual‐plane epicanthoplasty between January 2019 and September 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Palpebral fissure distance (PFD), inner canthal distance (ICD), and vertical height of the palpebral fissure (VHPF) were measured based on photographs taken pre‐ and postoperatively, with the diameter of the iris as the reference value, D. Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) were collected to evaluate patient satisfaction and complications.ResultsA total of 129 female and 6 male patients were included. The average follow‐up duration was 12.9 months. The average increasing ratio of PFD/D was 8.1%, whereas the average shortening ratio of ICD/D was 3.5%. The average VHPF/D increased by 10.6%. Statistical analysis was conducted using a paired t‐test which demonstrated statistically significant results. A total of 96 patients responded to our patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) at 6 months postoperatively, with an average patient satisfaction score of 62.9 out of 70 (89.8%). Barely visible scarring for the upper eyelid and the inner canthus were reported by 90.6% and 85.4% of patients, respectively. Three (3.1%) patients were not satisfied with the scar in the medial canthal area 6 months after surgery.ConclusionsThe integrated four‐step blepharoplasty and dual‐plane epicanthoplasty is an effective, reliable, and reproducible method with high patient satisfaction and minimal scarring risk.
Assessment of changes in color and size of vitiligo lesions during treatment with narrow band ultraviolet B
Authors: Tawfik Noha Z. , Anbar Mohamed T. , Atwa Mona A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMany treatment modalities have been used to stabilize vitiligo and induce repigmentation. Several methods were used to monitor the color changes inside the treated lesions such as spectroscopes and colorimeters that measure the melanin index inside the lesion.ObjectiveTo study whether the colorimeter and point counting technique can be used as objective methods in monitoring vitiligo lesions during treatment with Nb‐UVB.MethodsTwenty randomly chosen patients with non‐segmental vitiligo were enrolled in this interventional study. Vitiligo disease activity score was recorded in each patient. Patients received Nb‐UVB three times per week for 6 months. Two lesions were chosen in each patient, and each lesion was assessed for size using point counting technique and degree of color using the Dermacatch® at the beginning of the treatment and evaluated for changes in color and size every 4 weeks till the end of the treatment.ResultsAfter 6 months of treatment, regarding the lesion size, 90% of lesions showed variable degrees of repigmentation and 10% showed increase in size, indicating increased activity of the disease, and regarding to color changes. We noticed that after one month of Nb‐UVB treatment, there is marked increase in MI measurements in many lesions before any clinical improvement appeared, while at the end of treatment, inside the lesion; 95% showed an increase in melanin index and 5% showed no elevation. While the color changes outside the lesion showed 75% of lesions increased in melanin index, 15% remained unchanged and 10% of the lesions showed decrease in melanin index.ConclusionColorimeter was able to detect change in color after only one month of treatment before it was clinically apparent which means that it can be used as a prognostic tool.