bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Radiographic Outcomes after Core Decompression for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: The Beijing University of Chinese Medicine X-ray Evaluation Method
Authors: Huang Zeqing , Li Taixian , Lin Na , Cui Quanjun , Chen Weiheng 
Published: July 2021

Background:Joint-preserving treatments for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) are an area of significant interest in orthopaedics as they may restore function and provide durable benefit to patients who would otherwise require early total hip arthroplasty. Studies reporting the outcomes for these procedures generally rely on a combination of radiographic and clinical outcomes. However, there is not currently a standardized radiographic scoring system that allows for objective reporting of radiographic outcomes following these procedures. This article introduces a novel scoring system (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine X-ray evaluation, BUCMXE) based on Anteroposterior (AP) hip radiographs to allow for objective evaluation and comparison of postoperative outcomes following joint-preserving treatments for ONFH.Methods:The proposed scoring system utilizes AP radiographs of the hip and consists of a total score (0-10) derived from the sum of subscores in 3 domains: femoral head morphology, osteonecrotic lesion, and degree of osteoarthritis. Each radiographic parameter is scored from 0 (normal) to 3 or 4 (advanced disease). The scoring model was retrospectively applied to a cohort of patients who had undergone core decompression and cancellous bone grafting procedures by the principal investigator.Results:The BUCMXE provided a clear and reproducible means of quantifying and communicating radiographic changes over the course of follow-up in our study cohort. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the BUCMXE was sensitive to detect the radiographic changes associated with the index procedure. The median total score was reduced from 3 preoperatively to 2 at the initial (3-month) follow-up for this cohort. This change was attributable to the obvious improvement of osteonecrotic lesion in patients who had more advanced disease at the time of their procedure.Conclusion:The BUCMXE system allowed for objective quantification of radiographic changes following joint-preserving hip surgery in our cohort. Statistical analysis of BUCMXE scores demonstrated that the scoring system was sensitive to detect subtle radiographic changes associated with disease progression in the follow-up period.Level of Evidence:TherapeuticLevel III.
Composite Vascularized Autograft Elbow Transplant
Authors: Pathak Neil , Sides Eric E. , Piper Samantha L. , Lee Charles K. , Hansen Scott L. , Terry Michael J. , Lattanza Lisa L. 
Published: July 2021

Case:
A 37-year-old man presented with an absent right elbow joint secondary to trauma, subsequent ankylosis, total elbow arthroplasty (TEA), and TEA explantation after infection. The patient also had a contralateral complete brachial plexus injury, but an intact elbow joint. Given that the patient had a functional right hand/wrist, composite vascularized autograft elbow transplant was performed from left to right upper extremity. Four years postoperatively, the patient could independently complete activities of daily living.

Conclusion:
This case is the first to report composite vascularized autograft elbow transplant. Although indications are limited, this case illuminates novel uses of standard techniques for a difficult problem.
Flow Injection Analysis with Turbidity Detection for the Quantitative Determination of Mebeverine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Turkey Nagham S. , Jeber Jalal Nasser 
Published: July 2021

The main objective of this paper is to develop and validate flow injection method, a precise, accurate, simple, economic, low cost and specific turbidimetric method for the quantitative determination of mebeverine hydrochloride (MbH) in pharmaceutical preparations. A homemade NAG Dual & Solo (0-180º) analyser which contains two identical detections units (cell 1 and 2) was applied for turbidity measurements. The developed method was optimized for different chemical and physical parameters such as perception reagent concentrations, aqueous salts solutions, flow rate, the intensity of the sources light, sample volume, mixing coil and purge time. The correlation coefficients (r) of the developed method were 0.9980 and 0.9986 for cell 1 and 2 respectively and showed the linearity of response against concentration over the range of 1.0 to 6.5 and 0.7-6.5mmol/L for cell 1 & 2 respectively. The limit of detections (LOD) for cell 1 and cell 2 were 0.28 and 0.21 mmol/L respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precision for two serial estimations of 3.5 and 5.5 mmol/L of MBH exhibited a relative standard deviation of 0.46%, 0.28%, 0.23%, 0.26% and 0.39%, 0.79%, 0.14%, 0.05% for cell 1 & 2 respectively. The accuracy of the developed method has expressed a recovery percentage (Rec %) and error % which was between 99.22 to 101.13 and 99.39 to 101.17 for cell 1 and cell 2 respectively. The ICH guidelines were followed for method validation. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of MbH in pure and pharmaceutical preparations and the method can be conveniently used for routine analysis in laboratory as a quality control method since the method permits quantitively determination of 60 samples/h.
Effects of the Ferrits Addition on the Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate
Authors: Saadon Abbas K. , Shaban Auday Hattem , Jasim Kareem A. 
Published: July 2021

The products of composites material are very sesetive to many variables, such as manufacturing process, additive materials, …. etc. Filler or additive plays a major role to determine the formation of the properties and behavior of the composites. In this study, polyethylene terephthalate-based compounds were produced and characterized. The work is concerned to prepare samples of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) - zinc-ferrite (ZnFe2O4) with different addition ratio as zinc-ferrite (1, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20) wt% obtained from mixing the solution with a hot pressing method applied under optimum conditions. The densities of the composites for all samples were calculated. Through the work the diffusion of zinc-ferrite into the grain of Polyethylene terephthalate has been noted. Structural properties are studied by using X-ray powder pattern, the results of the XRD diffraction analysis showed that the structure for pure PET has four broad peaks at the (2θ=16.46°,17.45°, 22.72°,25.98°). The non-crystalline behavior of the polymer and the ceramic compound indicates the presence of a crystalline phase with a single cubic structure with a space group fd-3m (227)) (a=b=c=8.44 Å, V=601.45 (Å)³). While adding zinc-ferrite to PET in different concentrations to obtain (PET / ZnFe2O4) composites material will increase the intensity of the X-ray peaks, and change the location of the peaks with the addition of zinc-ferrite. It is noted that X-ray diffraction patterns for PET / ZnFe2O4 (20%) indicates that there was no apparent variation of the patterns of pure Zn-ferrite ceramic diffraction which showed that the crystalline structure remains stable in PET / ZnFe2O4. In addition, the electrical properties of the compounds represented by the dielectric constant (real and imaginary), dielectric loss ( tanδ) and the A.C conductivity as a function of a range of frequencies (50Hz-1MHz) have been measured. The results indicated that these properties increase with increasing concentrations of ceramic addition. On the other hand, these properties decrease with increasing frequency due to the change in polarization mechanisms. It has been proven that these prepared superposed materials possess good stability properties in a wide range of frequencies, making these polymeric overlays of wide use in many applications. As for the measurements of Shore D hardness, it has been shown that the hardness of the compounds increases with increasing ceramic concentrations.
Effect of Geological Heterogeneity on the Production Performance of a Multifractured Horizontal Well in Tight Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Peng Yue , Li Tao , Zhang Yuxue , Han Yongjie , Wu Dan , Teng Bailu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMultifractured horizontal wells are widely used in the development of tight gas reservoirs to improve the gas production and the ultimate reservoir recovery. Based on the heterogeneity characteristics of the tight gas reservoir, the homogeneous scheme and four typical heterogeneous schemes were established to simulate the production of a multifractured horizontal well. The seepage characteristics and production performance of different schemes were compared and analyzed in detail by the analysis of streamline distribution, pressure distribution, and production data. In addition, the effects of reservoir permeability level, length of horizontal well, and fracture half-length on the gas reservoir recovery were discussed. Results show that the reservoir permeability of the unfractured areas, which are located at both ends of the multifractured horizontal well, determines the seepage ability of the reservoir matrix, showing a significant impact on the long-term gas production. High reservoir permeability level, long horizontal well length, and long fracture half-length can mitigate the negative influence of heterogeneity on the gas production. Our research can provide some guidance for the layout of multifractured horizontal wells and fracturing design in heterogeneous tight gas reservoirs.
Serum Creatinine/Cystatin C Ratio as a Surrogate Marker for Sarcopenia in Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Sun Jing , Yang Hui , Cai Wentao , Zheng Jingwei , Shen Ningzhe , Yang Xinxin , Pan Bujian , Zhang Weiteng , Chen Xiaodong , Shen Xian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome that may negatively impact surgical outcomes and long-term survival in patients with gastric cancer. Serum creatinine/cystatin C (Cr/CysC) ratio has attracted attention as a surrogate marker for sarcopenia, but the ratio has not been adequately studied in patients with gastric cancer. Our objective was to investigate the validity of serum Cr/CysC ratio as a predictor of sarcopenia, determine a statistical cut-off value, and assess the relationship between Cr/CysC ratio and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 269 patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer from June 2009 to October 2017. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated using computed tomography (CT). We determined the relevance of serum Cr/CysC ratio as a surrogate maker for sarcopenia by comparing the ratio with various biomarkers. The C-index was calculated to determine whether Cr/CysC ratio can predict the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.Results: Serum Cr/CysC ratio was significantly correlated with SMI (r=0.269, p<0.001) and skeletal muscle area (r=0.277, p<0.001). The area under the curve for sarcopenia was significantly larger for serum Cr/CysC ratio than for other biomarkers (Cr/CysC: 0.665, CysC: 0.441, Cr: 0.572). Patients in the high-Cr/CysC group had longer survival times than in the low-Cr/CysC group, defined by a cutoff value of 0.67. The C-index for both Cr/CysC ratio and SMI with overall survival was 0.63.Conclusions: Serum Cr/CysC ratio can be used accurately, inexpensively, and easily to evaluate sarcopenia in patients with gastric cancer. Our study showed that sarcopenia is possible in patients with Cr/CysC <0.67, indicating a poor prognosis.
Effects of Switching from Degludec to Glargine U300 in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Having Large Day-to-Day Glycemic Variability: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sawamura Toshitaka , Karashima Shigehiro , Ohbatake Azusa , Higashitani Takuya , Katsuda Yuko , Yamamoto Rika , Aono Daisuke , Kometani Mitsuhiro , Takeda Yoshiyu , Yoneda Takashi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Degludec (Deg) and Glargine U300 (Gla-300) are new insulin analogues with longer and smoother pharmacodynamic action than Glargine U100. Both improve glycemic variability (GV) unlike Glargine U100. However, it is not clear which insulin analogue has a better effect on GV in insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes. We evaluated the effects of switching from Deg to Gla-300 on day-to-day GV in patients with insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes treated with Deg.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 22 insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes patients having large day-to-day GV or frequent hypoglycemia who were treated with multiple insulin injection therapy including Deg and were advised to switch from Deg to Gla-300. We evaluated day-to-day GV and frequency of hypoglycemia in two groups. The first group included patients whose treatment was changed to Gla-300, and the second group included patients who opted to continue receiving Deg. We evaluated the change in standard deviation (SD) of fasting blood glucose (SD-FBG) calculated from self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and frequency of hypoglycemia (total, severe, and nocturnal).Results: SD-FBG and frequency of nocturnal hypoglycemia decreased in Gla-300 group compared to those in Deg group. The change in SD-FBG had a negative correlation with SD-FBG and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at baseline and positive correlation with serum albumin levels at baseline in Gla-300 group. On the other hands, the change in SD-FBG had no correlation with these markers in Deg group.Conclusions: Switching from Deg to Gla-300 effectively stabilized blood glucose levels and decreased nocturnal hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes treated with Deg, especially in cases with low serum albumin, large GV, and high HbA1c.
The Genomic Characteristics of RET Fusion Positive Tumors in Chinese Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients
Authors: Wu Guowu , Guo Longhua , Gu Yinfang , Huang Tanxiao , Liu Ming , Zou Xiaofang , Yang Bo , Huang Ping , Wen Chunling , Yi Lilan , Liao Wenting , Zhao Dongdong , Zhu Junlin , Zhang Xiaoni , Liu Yuanyuan , Yin Yan , Chen Shifu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Approximately 1-2% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harbor RET (rearranged during transfection) fusions. The oncogenic RET fusions could lead to constitutive kinase activation and oncogenesis.Methods: 1746 Chinese NSCLC patients were enrolled from in this study. Tumor tissues were collected during surgery, and were formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and archived. Peripheral blood (PB) samples were also collected from each patient as control. In addition, we selected 17 of them for cfDNA NGS testing and 14 tumor samples for immunohistochemistry testing using PD-L1 rabbit monoclonal antibody, clones 28-8 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK).Results: Of the 1746 NSCLC cases, RET rearrangements were identified in 25 cases (1.43 %) with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC, of which 20 (80%) were female.We found that 14 out of 25 patients had an KIF5B-RET fusion, with KIF5B exon15-RET exon12, KIF5B exon23-RET exon12, and KIF5B exon24-RET exon11 detected in 14, 3, and 1 patients respectively. We also identified one novel RET fusion partner PLCE1 and 4 intergenic-breakpoint fusions. Conclusion: In this study, using the hybrid capture based NGS (the next generation sequencing) techniques, we revealed the genomic profiling for the patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that exhibited the detailed breakpoints of Chinese NSCLC patients with RET rearrangement, and we found a novel new partner PLCE1. This result provides genomic information for personalized clinical management for patients with RET fusion in the era of precision medicine.
Association Between Menstrual Patterns and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Embryo Transfer Cycles with The Long-Acting Long-Term Follicular Phase: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Yu Ting , Wu Di , Cao Yurong , Zhai Jun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Menstrual patterns of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is considered to be related to metabolism, but no study has analyzed the outcome of in vitro fertilization in patients with PCOS who have different menstrual patterns. This study aimed to observe the outcomes of in vitro fertilization in patients with PCOS with different menstrual patterns and infertility who used the long-acting long-term follicular phase
Methods

This was a retrospective analysis of the first cycle of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) at the Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to December 2019. The clinical data of 1620 patients with PCOS with oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea in the long-acting regimen. According to menstrual patterns, they were divided into the oligomenorrhea group and the amenorrhea group. Clinical characteristics, pregnancy outcome and fetal birth weight were compared between both groups. According to the pregnancy outcome of clinical pregnancy, participants were divided into the normal pregnancy group and the unfavorable pregnancy group. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between menstrual patterns and the relevance of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Results

Clinical pregnancy rates of patients with PCOS treated using long-acting long-term follicular phase were similar between the two groups (76.86% vs. 76.86%, p = 0.999). However, the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the amenorrhea group was higher than that in the oligomenorrhea group (p = 0.009). The incidences of macrosomia and very low birth weight in infants were also higher. Adjustment for confounding factors showed that menstrual patterns could influence the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (odds ratio = 0.643; 95% confidence interval, 0.406–0.961; p = 0.045). The body mass index, endometrial thickness on the day of hCG administration, and the number of eggs harvested were also independent predictors of poor pregnancy outcomes.
Conclusion(s):

Among PCOS patients with different menstrual patterns, IVF/ICSI assisted pregnancy can achieve similar pregnancy rates. However, patients with PCOS who have amenorrhea have a higher incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes than those with oligomenorrhea. Perinatal surveillance should be strengthened during pregnancy to reduce the incidence of maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes.
A New Determination of Pan-Pathogen Antimicrobials
Authors: Prathapan Praveen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Drug repositioning studies in recent decades have revealed a growing number of antimicrobials effective at treating infection types tangential to their original antimicrobial classification. Such ‘pan-pathogen antimicrobials’ (or ‘broad-spectrum anti-infectives’) have not yet been formally characterised. This review examines historical limitations of the canonical antimicrobial lexicon in light of the contemporary model for infectious disease and propounds a taxonomy that defines antimicrobials according to the host-pathogen interactome, not the pathogen. By doing so, antimicrobials that are effective at treating multiple infection types are highlighted, namely azithromycin, ivermectin, niclosamide, and nitazoxanide. Recognition of the pan-pathogen nature of these antimicrobials can stimulate a more unified approach to antimicrobial development cognisant of generalised anti-infective mechanisms within the host-pathogen interactome and anticipatory of future pandemics and bioterrorist attacks.
Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of Alba gene family members in response to abiotic stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Wai Antt Htet , Cho Lae-Hyeon , Waseem Muhammad , Lee Do-jin , Lee Je-Min , Kim Chang-Kil , Chung Mi-Young 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Alba (Acetylation lowers binding affinity) proteins are an ancient family of nucleic acid-binding proteins that function in gene regulation, RNA metabolism, mRNA translatability, developmental processes, and stress adaptation. However, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis on the Alba gene family of Solanum lycopersicum has not been reported previously.Results In the present study, we undertook the first comprehensive genome-wide characterization of the Alba gene family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). We identified eight tomato Alba genes, which were classified into two groups: genes containing a single Alba domain and genes with a generic Alba domain and RGG/RG repeat motifs. Cis-regulatory elements and target sites for miRNAs, which function in plant development and stress responses, were prevalent in SlAlba genes. To explore the structure–function relationships of tomato Alba proteins, we predicted their 3D structures, highlighting their likely interactions with several putative ligands. Confocal microscopy revealed that SlAlba–GFP fusion proteins were localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm, consistent with putative roles in various signaling cascades. Expression profiling revealed the differential expression patterns of most SlAlba genes across diverse organs. SlAlba1 and SlAlba2 were predominantly expressed in flowers, whereas SlAlba5 expression peaked in 1 cm-diameter fruits. The SlAlba genes were differentially expressed (up- or downregulated) in response to different abiotic stresses. Furthermore, all but one of these genes were induced by abscisic acid treatment, pointing to their possible regulatory roles in stress tolerance via an abscisic acid-dependent pathway.Conclusions Our characterization of SlAlba genes should facilitate the discovery of additional genes associated with organ and fruit development as well as abiotic stress adaptation in tomato.