bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac rehabilitation for patients with heart failure: a national Danish register-based study of predictors of referral and outcomes
Authors: Thygesen LC , Zinckernagel L , Dalal H , Egstrup K , Glumer C , Gronbaek M , Holmberg T , Kober L , La Cour K , Nakano A , Nielsen CV , Sibilitz KL , Tolstrup JS , Zwisler AD , Taylor RS 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The Danish Heart Foundation

Background
Heart failure (HF) places a large burden on patients and society as a major cause of morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Participation in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in people with HF is a clinically and cost-effective strategy and recommended in international clinical guidelines.

Purpose
The aims of this study were to: (1) examine the temporal trends and predictors of national CR referral, and (2) compare the risk of hospital readmission and mortality in those referred for CR compared to no referral.

Methods
All patients in Denmark with incident HF were identified by the Danish Heart Failure Register in the period 2010 to 2018 (n = 33,257) and CR referral assessed within 120 days of hospital admission. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between CR referral and predictors and to compare risk of hospital readmission and mortality until 1 year between referred and not referred patients.

Results
Overall, 45.0% of HF patients were referred to exercise-based CR, increasing from 31.7% in 2010 to 52.2% in 2018. Factors independently associated with higher CR referral were: NYHA functional class II, LVEF &lt;50%, diagnosis of myocardial infarction and use of ACE inhibitor. Male gender, older age, region, unemployment, retirement, living alone, non-Danish ethnic origin, lower educational level, NYHA class IV, treatment for hypertension, existing chronic obstructive lung disease and stroke were associated with lower CR referral. CR referral was associated with lower risk of readmission (adjusted odds ratio: 0.90;95%CI: 0.85-0.95), HF-specific mortality (0.61; 0.39-0.95) and all-cause mortality (0.61; 0.55-0.69) as compared to no referral.

Conclusions
Although CR referral has increased over time, only some 1 in 2 diagnosed HF patients in Denmark are referred to exercise-based CR. CR referral is associated with lower risk in readmissions and mortality. Strategies to promote CR referral including healthcare professional education on the benefits of CR and alternative methods of CR delivery are urgently needed to improve access to CR, especially for high-risk groups.
Remote delivery of cardiac rehabilitation can achieve equivalent health-related quality of life outcomes to in-person methods in patients with coronary heart disease: a multi-site study
Authors: Gallagher R , Kirkness A , Farrell M , Roach K , Gooley L , Ashcroft S , Fletcher A , Stephenson C , Glinatsis H , Bruntsch C , Roberts J , Ladak L , Randall S , Candelaria D 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background In-person exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has well-established benefits for health-related quality of life (HRQL) for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). During COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, remote delivery replaced in-person CR, but the impact on HRQL is unclear. This study addresses this gap.
Methods Consecutive patients commencing CR at four sites in one Local Health District in Sydney were recruited (n = 194), recruited from December 2019 to October 2020. Remote delivery from March 2020 created a natural comparison group to in-person CR. HRQL was measured at CR entry and completion using the SF-12v2 and linear regression was used for analyses.
Results Participants were aged mean 65.94 (SD 10.45) years, were 80.9% male and diagnoses included elective PCI (37.9%), CABG (26.7%), and MI (34.9%) either with PCI (23.6%) or alone (11.3%). Participants received remote (n = 103, 53.1%) or in-person (n = 91, 46.9%; ≥ assessment + 2 sessions) CR, with more completions for in-person (75.8% vs 63.1%, p=.03). Remote participants were more likely to be white than ethnic minority (35.2% vs 13.6% p&lt;.001), however, there were no differences in baseline HRQL for delivery group after adjustment.
HRQL improved from CR entry to completion regardless of delivery mode (adjusted). Most improvements occurred in physical function (SMD 6.37, 95% CI 4.81,7.92), role physical (SMD 5.72, 95% CI 4.29. 7.16) and physical component (SMD 5.77 95% CI 4.43, 7.12) scores. Least improvement occurred in mental component scores (SMD 1.65, 95%CI .53, 2.78).
Conclusion Remotely delivered CR provides comparable HRQL outcomes to in-person delivery, thus providing a promising alternative. Data are needed on cost-effectiveness, as well as staff and patient preferences.
Effectiveness of a physiotherapy and nutrition program in patients with coronary artery disease: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Munoz Gomez E , Sempere-Rubio N , Blesa J , Iglesias P , Mico L , Sanchez-Torrijos J , Girbes V , Soriano JM , Espi-Lopez GV , Mesa-Rico R , Timonet-Andreu E , Canca-Sanchez JC , Senra S , Fernandez-Oliver AL , Marques-Sule E 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction. Dietary and exercise interventions are effective strategies for improving physical and nutritional status of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, few studies have applied a combined exercise protocol based on high intensity interval training (HIIT) and dietary education in patients with CAD with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Purpose
This study researches the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary program based in HIIT with dietary education (DEHIIT) in comparison with only HIIT, on adherence to Mediterranean diet in CAD patients with PCI.
Methods. A prospective, assessor-blinded, parallel group, randomized trial was developed. The study was developed at a University research lab. Forty-four adults diagnosed with CAD (between 40 and 72 years), were randomized to receive either combined dietary intervention and HIIT (DEHIIT, n = 22) or only HIIT (HIIT, n = 22). The adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed with a 14-item tool of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MEDAS-14) at baseline and after the intervention. DEHIIT performed a 3-month dietary intervention program combined with 24 HIIT sessions at 85-95% of peak heart rate, whilst HIIT performed a 3-month HIIT sessions at 85-95% of peak heart rate. This study did not receive any funding. No conflict of interest is declared.
Results. After three months, regarding to MEDAS-14, DEHIIT increased the fish/seafood consumption significantly (p = 0.001) and decreased the fruit consumption (p = 0.032) and dry fruits (p = 0.006). And, when comparing between groups, DEHIIT obtained significantly more MEDAS-14 score (p = 0.01) and more adherence to dieta mediterránea (p = 0.001). No adverse events were reported.
Conclusions. A combined protocol including dietary intervention and HIIT can bring benefits for CAD patients with PCI on adherence to Mediterranean diet in comparison to only HIIT. Consequently, our combined program could be used as a treatment option in the therapeutic approach for these patients.
Haematology department nurses training makes a positive shift in reduction of in-hospital cardiac mortality
Authors: Viligorska K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Due to general profile of emergency hospital it is lacking of regular specific training courses for nurses. Haematology department is the one that has a great number of complications after immunosuppressive and chemo-therapy that is why skills in acute cardiovascular care are crucial for haematology healthcare professionals. Training of basic skills of management of acute cardiac events for nurses that work with haematological patients should be considered as routine practice in order to improve patients’ care.

Purpose
Science is not a study, but an observation of what is around us, therefore we made a registry of acute cardiovascular events over the hospital departments and defined a need for acute cardiovascular training for nurses in haematology department.

Methods
Data analysis of 1 year observational study of acute cardiac events at emergency hospital was done. Nurses of haematology department were specifically instructed to provide first aid and contact internal medicine doctor on duty in case of signs of cardiovascular events in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia that were under 21-st day of chemotherapy due to high risk of thromboembolic complications. Among 573 cases, 110 cases were cardiovascular events diagnosed and managed at haematology department by emergency care multidisciplinary team of internal medicine doctor on duty and haematology nurses. For statistical analysis Microsoft Excel v.2019 was used.

Results
At haematology department of emergency hospital we detected 110 cases of cardiovascular events. Among them 50 cases of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated in the first 10 minutes of the episode with successful outcome, 45 cases of ischemic stroke, only 5 of which were lethal due to severity of neurologic disorders, 15 cases of pulmonary embolism with successful outcome.

Conclusion
Training on acute cardiovascular care for haematology department nurses was beneficial and contributed to lower hospital mortality.
Association of age and dietary sodium intake in patients with heart failure: testing mediating effects of preference for salt and enjoyment of sodium-restricted diet
Authors: Chung ML , Moser DK , Miller JL , Lennie TA 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Background
The poor taste foods in a low sodium diet and patients’ preferences for salty foods are known barriers to sodium restricted diet (SRD) adherence. Older adults may experience less enjoyment of SRD due to decreased sense of taste. However, little is known about how age is associated with sodium intake, preference for salt, and enjoyment of SRD in patients with heart failure (HF).

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine effect of age on dietary sodium intake through their preference for salt and enjoyment of SRD in patients with HF.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we used baseline data from participants in a randomized controlled trial of a SRD intervention for patients with HF and their caregivers. Patients were asked to collect 24-hour urine to measure dietary sodium intake. Preference for salty food and enjoyment of SRD were assessed using a question on an 11-point numeric scale (range 0 to 10). Parallel mediation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro program in SPSS with 5,000 bootstrap samples.

Results
A total of 136 patients with HF (64% male, mean age = 60.3 ± 14.4, range 27 to 90, 80.1% white) had a mean 24-hr urine sodium of 4320mg (SD = 2053, range: 1553 mg – 11495 mg) with most (71%) having a 24-hr urine sodium &gt; 3000mg. The mean preference for salty food was 5.3 (SD = 2.8) on a scale from 0 to 10 with 10 indicating greater preference and enjoyment of SRD was 4.4 (SD = 2.5) on the same scale. Age was significantly associated with sodium intake in that older patients were more likely to eat less sodium (effect= -40.3236, 95% CI= [-63.7151, -16.9321]). The indirect effects of age on sodium intake through preference of salty food (effect= .7033, 95% CI = [-2.3361, 4.5357]) and enjoyment of SRD (effect = -.0271, 95% CI = [ -3.2736, 2.2213]) were not significant, indicating that these factors did not mediate the relationship between age and dietary sodium consumption. When we controlled gender, education, and ethnicity, age was also associated with sodium intake, but the two indirect effects were not significant.

Conclusion
Although most patients consumed foods high in sodium, older patients were more likely to consume foods lower in salt. However, contrary to what we expected, preference for salty foods and enjoyment of SRD did not play mediator roles in the association of age with salt consumption. The findings suggest that older adults may need different types of intervention to promote adherence than younger patients. Further research is needed to explore other factors related to SRD (e.g., efficacy of SRD or perceived control of diet behaviors) that affect sodium intake in patients with HF.
Extrasystolic arrhythmia as a risk factor of atherosclerosis
Authors: Germanova O , Germanov VA , Galati G , Germanov AV , Shchukin YV 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Aim
To determine the relationship between hemodynamic changes in extrasystolic arrhythmia and atherosclerosis of main arteries.

Materials and methods
We included 286 patients (175 men and 111 women). The investigation was made to reveal the signs of atherosclerosis. All patients were performed 24-hours ECG monitoring, blood lipid spectrum, TTE, TOE, ultrasound doppler of brachiocephalic arteries, abdominal aorta branches, lower extremities arteries, renal arteries. If prescribed - stress Echo, coronary angiography, renal arteries angiography, pancerebral angiography. All patients were made apexcardiography (ACG) and arterial vessels sphygmography (SG) of aa. carotis, ulnaris, radialis, femoralis, tibialis posterior. The main parameters included speed, acceleration, power, work in each phase of cardiocycle.
In accordance with amount of extrasystoles per 24 hours all the patients were divided into 2 groups: 1 – less than 3000 (144 patients), 2 – 3000 and more (142). They were grouped due to the age (see table 1 on the picture). Groups were common in age, sex, comorbidities.

Results
In group 2 the development and severity of atherosclerosis was more in group 2 (see table 2 on the picture). We determined the hemodynamic main parameters increase in first post-extrasystolic contraction with the following tendency: if earlier extrasystole appeared in cardiocycle, than more changes were observed.

Conclusion
Extrasystoles are additional risk factors of atherosclerosis. Hemodynamic changes after the first post-extrasystolic contraction is the important mechanical trauma factor for the arterial vessels which can take part in atherosclerotic process. Weak places – carotid bifurcation, abdominal aorta bifurcation, large radius of aorta arch. We suppose that it’s necessary to treat the extrasystoles more than 3000 per 24 hours that appear early in cardiocycle (before the mitral valve opening and before the transmitral blood flow peak).
COVID-19 patients followed in Portuguese Primary Care: a retrospective cohort study based on the national case series
Authors: Tenreiro Patrícia , Ramalho André , Santos Paulo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
The pandemic state caused by SARS CoV-2 came to overburden all levels of healthcare, including Primary Care. In Portugal, most patients were followed in ambulatory, monitored by phone calls or face-to-face visits by their General Practitioner.

Objective
The aim was to characterize the pathway of COVID-19 outpatients in Primary Care and establish the risk factors that mostly influences the need for hospitalization or death during the follow-up.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was established, based on the official Portuguese dataset of the first wave between March 2nd and June 30th 2020. The predictive effects of variables, including age, gender, residency and clinical features, were analysed using Cox regression analysis.

Results
A total of 38,545 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 was included for analysis (56.3% female), with a median age of 47 years old. There were 4,327 hospitalized patients, 253 in intensive care units and 1,153 deaths. Females present lower risk of hospitalization (HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.73–0.82; P &lt; 0.001) and age is associated with higher risk (HR = 7.08; 95% CI: 6.68–7.50; P &lt; 0.001), as well as the presence of at least one comorbidity (HR = 7.03; 95% CI: 6.43–7.69; P &lt; 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that cardiovascular disease, diabetes, smoking, obesity, chronic kidney disease, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, HIV and other immunodeficiencies, transplant or immunosuppression, haematological disorders, neurological disorders and liver disease increased the risk of hospitalization.

Conclusion
Male gender, age and the presence of comorbidities are the main determinants for hospitalization and death. These COVID-19 patients should receive a higher attention when they come to primary care for assistance.
AKAP79 Orchestrates a Cyclic AMP Signalosome Adjacent to Orai1 Ca2+ Channels
Authors: Kar Pulak , Barak Pradeep , Zerio Anna , Lin Yu-Ping , Parekh Amy J , Watts Val J , Cooper Dermot M F , Zaccolo Manuela , Kramer Holger , Parekh Anant B 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To ensure specificity of response, eukaryotic cells often restrict signalling molecules to sub-cellular regions. The Ca2+ nanodomain is a spatially confined signal that arises near open Ca2+ channels. Ca2+ nanodomains near store-operated Orai1 channels stimulate the protein phosphatase calcineurin, which activates the transcription factor NFAT1, and both enzyme and target are initially attached to the plasma membrane through the scaffolding protein AKAP79. Here, we show that a cAMP signalling nexus also forms adjacent to Orai1. Protein kinase A and phosphodiesterase 4, an enzyme that rapidly breaks down cAMP, both associate with AKAP79 and realign close to Orai1 after stimulation. PCR and mass spectrometry failed to show expression of Ca2+-activated adenylyl cyclase 8 in HEK293 cells, whereas the enzyme was observed in neuronal cell lines. FRET and biochemical measurements of bulk cAMP and protein kinase A activity consistently failed to show an increase in adenylyl cyclase activity following even a large rise in cytosolic Ca2+. Furthermore, expression of AKAP79-CUTie, a cAMP FRET sensor tethered to AKAP79, did not report a rise in cAMP after stimulation, despite AKAP79 association with Orai1. Hence, HEK293 cells do not express functional active Ca2+-activated adenylyl cyclases including adenylyl cyclase 8. Our results show that two ancient second messengers are independently generated in nanodomains close to Orai1 Ca2+ channels.
The Second Annual Symposium of the Midwest Aging Consortium: The Future of Aging Research in the Midwestern United States
Authors: Green Cara L , Englund Davis A , Das Srijit , Herrerias Mariana M , Yousefzadeh Matthew J , Grant Rogan A , Clark Josef , Pak Heidi H , Liu Peiduo , Bai Hua , Prahlad Veena , Lamming Dudley W , Chusyd Daniella E 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
While the average human life span continues to increase, there is little evidence that this is leading to a contemporaneous increase in “healthy years” experienced by our aging population. Consequently, many scientists focus their research on understanding the process of aging and trialing interventions that can promote healthspan. The 2021 Midwest Aging Consortium consensus statement is to develop and further the understanding of aging and age-related disease using the wealth of expertise across universities in the Midwestern United States. This report summarizes the cutting-edge research covered in a virtual symposium held by a consortium of researchers in the Midwestern United States, spanning topics such as senescence biomarkers, serotonin-induced DNA protection, immune system development, multisystem impacts of aging, neural decline following severe infection, the unique transcriptional impact of calorie restriction of different fat depots, the pivotal role of fasting in calorie restriction, the impact of peroxisome dysfunction, and the influence of early life trauma on health. The symposium speakers presented data from studies conducted in a variety of common laboratory animals as well as less-common species, including Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, mice, rhesus macaques, elephants, and humans. The consensus of the symposium speakers is that this consortium highlights the strength of aging research in the Midwestern United States as well as the benefits of a collaborative and diverse approach to geroscience.
Healthy Aging Data Reports: Measures of Community Health to Identify Disparities and Spur Age-Friendly Progress
Authors: Dugan Elizabeth , Porell Frank , Silverstein Nina M , Lee Chae Man 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives
This translational research had 2 aims: first, to analyze and translate data from multiple original data sources to provide accurate, unbiased local community and statewide information about healthy aging; second, to work with stakeholders to use the tools to identify disparities in healthy aging and to support their efforts to advance healthy aging.

Research Design and Methods
Data sources from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, U.S. Census American Community Survey, and other sources were analyzed using small area estimation techniques to determine age/gender-adjusted local community rates in Connecticut (CT), Massachusetts (MA), New Hampshire (NH), and Rhode Island (RI).

Results
State-level analyses revealed gender and racial/ethnic disparities in healthy aging. A factor analysis identified 4 dimensions of community population healthy aging/morbidity: serious complex chronic disease, indolent conditions, physical disability, and psychological disability.

Discussion and Implications
Healthy Aging Data Reports now exist for MA (2014, 2015, and 2018), NH (2019), RI (2016 and 2020), and CT (2021) and demonstrate differences in health by place. Each report includes community profiles for every city, town, and some urban neighborhoods with more than 170–197 indicators. The reports include maps of the statewide distribution of rates, an infographic, highlights report with state-specific multivariate analyses, and 18 interactive web maps, 18 regional interactive web maps, and technical documentation about data sources and methods. Overall, the research has identified variations in healthy aging and provided tools to track change over time to support age-friendly efforts in the region.