bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Canadian Physicians’ Breach of Duty to Patients and Communities from the Acquisition of Indigenous Skulls in the 19th Century to the Abandonment of People with AIDS in the 20th Century
Authors: Berger Philip 
Published: August 2021

The impact of the Vienna Protocol transcends the world of Jewish law and provides important ethical considerations for modern medicine. This article provides a series of examples demonstrating how Canadian medical history intersects with the Vienna Protocol, and why historical insight remains relevant. Investigations into this exploitation include this author's own inquiry and attempt to repatriate Canadian indigenous skulls (a gift from William Osler to Rudolf Virchow), the glaring maltreatment of Aboriginal children in Canadian nutrition experiments, and the maltreatment of Canadian AIDS patients in the 1980s.
Rudolf Virchow photo provided by and licensed from Alamy Inc., Brooklyn, NY
Anatomical Detail and Accuracy of the Pernkopf Atlas and Examples of Clinical Impact
Authors: Agur Anne 
Published: August 2021

The high fidelity anatomical structural detail seen in the Pernkopf atlas remains unmatched in other references, including surgical anatomy atlases. An example of serial dissection illustrations are examined herein, in relation to an anatomically based clinical question. The question is about radiofrequency nerve ablation, an image-guided procedure that provides a non-opioid alternative to treat joint pain. To perform these image-guided procedures effectively, the location and course of the nerve(s) being targeted is very important. Although the patient had good pain relief, the clinician was concerned about the patient's loss of sensation around the anus following an ablation procedure of the nerves innervating the sacroiliac joint, and asked for more information about the clunial nerves and their relevance to this procedure. The anatomical illustrations in the Pernkopf atlas are highly detailed and drawn from serially dissected specimens from the skin superficially to the level of the origin of the nerves from the vertebral column deeply. Tracing the clunial nerves through five serial illustrations provided the necessary anatomical insight required to answer this clinical question for development of the ablation procedure. This atlas could play a significant role in educating future clinicians and surgeons and provide answers to anatomically related clinical quandaries. However, the atlas must always be used by first acknowledging its origins and history.
Image credit: Table of Contents image provided by the Medical University of Vienna, MUW-Andruck-180ll-Seite-1.
Note to the Users of Pernkopf’s Atlas of Topographical and Applied Human Anatomy
Authors: Müller Markus , Druml Christiane 
Published: August 2021

Rector Müller and Professor Druml, on behalf of the Medical University of Vienna, have created this Note to the Users of Pernkopf’s Atlas of Topographical and Applied Human Anatomy, in the hope that libraries (and other owners) around the world will insert it into the books in their possession.
Please download the PDF, print and insert this document into all volumes of the atlas in your personal and institutional reference collections.
OLAĞANÜSTÜ HÂL REJİMİ HUSUSUNDA ANAYASA DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ İHTİYACI
Authors: TEKİN Abdurrahman 
Published: August 2021

Olağanüstü dönemler, olağan hukuk normları ile aşılması oldukça zor olan kriz ortamlarıdır. Bu dönemlerde temel hak ve hürriyetler sınırlanabilmekte ve hatta durdurulabilmekte, kuvvetler arasındaki denge yürütme lehine dönerek, diğer organlar bir adım geri çekilmektedir. Yürütme organı, Olağanüstü Hal Kanunu ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kararnameleri ile olağan dönemde sahip olmadığı pek çok yetkiyi haiz olabilmektedir. Yürütmeye olağandışı yetkilerin verildiği böylesi kriz ortamlarında tabiri caizse çıkan yangının karşı yangın ile bastırıldığı bir ortam oluşmaktadır.
Rövanşist demokrasinin (iktidarların muhalefete geçmiş hukuksuzluklarının bedelini keyfiliğe kaçabilecek şekilde ödetme gayreti içinde olduğu demokrasi çeşidi) görüldüğü ülkelerde yürütmeye, böylesi kriz ortamlarında sınırları oldukça net ve nispeten daraltılmış yetkiler bahşedilmelidir. Yürütmenin keyfilikten uzak durması için mekanizmalar geliştirilmeli ve yürütmenin artan etkisini dengeleyecek yasama ve yargı kuvveti de mutlaka her daim diri tutulmalıdır. Olağanüstü hal tecrübesi azımsanmayacak derecede fazla olan Türkiye’de, artık neyin eksik olduğu ve tadil edilmesi gerektiği anlaşılmıştır. Anayasal bir reform ile bu eksikliklerin giderilmesi ve olağanüstü hâl yönetiminin yeniden kurgulanması gerekmektedir.
Establishment of business incubation centers in universities: a step towards innovative business in health system
Authors: Mazhar Sajida , Bin Afsar Jan Mohammad , Fatima Mishgan-e- 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT:
Much needed services & resources for the progression of a business are presented by Business Incubation Centers (BIC) for beginner incubates. A successful business incubate would contribute positively in the region by forming original technologies and reducing unemployment(1, 2).
The set up of Business Incubation Centers (BICs) is supported by Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan which offers related services for young incubates, contributing to successful and freestanding companies in the country(3).
The objectives is to encourage self-employment among the young, commercializing research originating from universities(4), creating alliance between Industry and Academia, & contributing to economic growth by employing & forming viable firms(2).
HEC has established thirty business incubation centers in public sector universities of major cities in Pakistan.
Among the thirty universities, BICs have been set up in two universities related to medicine and allied health sciences namely Khyber Medical University Peshawar and Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi. The focus of this paper is to highlight this under studied area and center of attention are the startup incubates from health industry.
Many ground-breaking inventive projects enlisted on HEC’s website are available for commercialization of research, all originating from engineering and technology, none of which stems from medical universities. Although integrating medicine with technology would positively impact the society many fold yet it appears to be a ground unfamiliar by medical faculty(5)
Assessing comments of medical faculty confirms their estrangement regarding BIC(2). There is a lack of knowledge among the faculty concerning BIC; much work has to be done in encouraging medical faculty which will result in positive contributions.
Informal surveys and observations that we conducted further illustrate the aforementioned point and confirm inadequate knowledge of faculty and students regarding BICs, their objectives and purpose of formation. BIC in health industry appear to be a foreign ground passing unnoticed by faculty today.
One can find many startups emerging in the field of health worldwide from internet sources.(6) In Pakistan many innovative business projects originating from the fields of IT, environmental sciences, agriculture, engineering technology etc have been registered by HEC and are ready for commercialization.
Khyber Medical University Business Incubation Center KUBIC is providing an effective platform interconnecting commercial industries and investors inviting multiple incubates across the province to bring forth innovative ideas in the field of health.
The future of business incubation appears bright as there are rich opportunities of research today despite the challenges they face as analyzed by past three decades of emerging practice. 5
Quality of life among patients with heart failure in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan; a cross-sectional study
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Shah Bakhtyar Ali , Muhammad Dildar 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Quality of life is a multifaceted concept which reflect a number of parameters including different symptoms. These factors are affected by many factors including age, gender, marital status, education levels and socioeconomic status. Quality of life in majority of patients with different medical conditions is significantly affected, however, little is known in patients with heart failure coming to tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. This study was designed to assess quality of life among heart failure patients and to determine association between quality of life and selected demographic variables.
Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three tertiary care hospitals; Lady Reading Hospital, Khyber Teaching Hospital and Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar. The data was collected through Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire. This questionnaire consists of twenty-one Likert's scale questions. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables. All the Likert's scale questions were computed and mean and standard deviation were calculated. Independent t-test was applied to see mean difference across two categories of independent variables as male and female and ANOVA was applied to see the mean difference of quality of life across different categories including socioeconomic status. Chi square test was applied to see association between quality of life across different socio-demographic variables.
Results: The total number of participants included in this survey was 127, whereas 67 (52.8%) were males and 60 (47.2%) were females. Majority of the participants (52.8%) were of above 50 years of age followed by 40-50 years. A big proportion of the participants (66.1%) was married. Majority of the participants (38.6%) had an education level of matric or below followed by 20.5% and 22.5% intermediate and bachelors, respectively. Nearly half of the participants (44.1%) had an income level from 10,000-20,000 rupees per month. An association of gender was observed with exacerbation of symptoms (p = 0.04), difficulty in climbing upstairs (p <0.001), moving in the yard (p < 0.001), going outdoor (p = 0.036) and sleeping difficulty (p <0.001). Similarly, an association was of marital status was observed with sexual pattern (p =0.037) and making you short of breath (p = 0.002). Scores of quality of life across male and female gender was significantly different (male and female; 45.48 ± 17.18 and 53.82 ± 16.55 (mean±sd) respectively, (p = 0.006).
Conclusion: The study found that patients were defecient in knowledge regarding medical cardiac conditions and its symptoms. It is deemed important for the nurses to properly assess the level of knowledge of these patients and accordingly educate them so that they could better manage their condition at home.
Cytoskeletal changes in Erythrocytes during storage in banked blood
Authors: Haris Muhammad , Baseer Najma , Mehmood Yousafzai Yasar , Haris Sobia , Naeem Usman , Rabail Rabail , Deeba Farah , Jehangir Khan Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Erythrocytes have flexible, non-nucleated bi-concave shape with lipid bilayer cytoskeleton. Any alterations of erythrocyte shape make it susceptible to hemolysis. Blood for transfusion purpose is routinely stored in Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Adenine (CPDA-1) containing blood bags. During storage, blood undergoes an array of different morphological changes termed as “storage lesions” which makes it more fragile. This study was aimed to determine the structural and functional modifications in erythrocytes in CPDA-1 blood stored in local blood bank of KPK.
Material & Methods: Blood from twenty healthy volunteer donors was taken and kept in CPDA-1 containing blood bags at Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University (KMU). Hb-levels and Erythrocyte, Reticulocyte counts, Mechanical Fragility Index (MFI) and immunofluorescence staining for ankiyrin1 protein were performed on fresh blood samples. Samples for reticulocyte count was taken for 5 consecutive days while for the remaining parameters, blood was taken at 5 days interval till day 20th. The light and fluorescence micrographs were obtained accordingly and osmotic fragility tests were performed.
Results: A significant mean reduction in erythrocyte counts and Hb-level was observed from day 0 to 20 (p=0.001), while MFI increased from day 0 to day 20 (12.88%±7.58 p=0.001). Reticulocyte count also decreased from day 0 up to day 5 (p=0.001). A weak association was observed between changes in MFI and erythrocyte morphology from day 0 to 20 (r=0.349), while the intensity and pattern of ankyrin1 protein expression appeared to change from day 10.
Conclusion: Blood stored for a week has same properties as fresh blood, however, important structural alterations start to appear after the first week of storage and worsen with time. Therefore, to gain better transfusion results, blood stored for up to one week can safely be transfused.
GAMBARAN PERAN KELUARGA DALAM MERAWAT PASIEN GANGGUAN JIWA SKIZOFRENIA YANG MENGALAMI KEKAMBUHANDI INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN RUMAH SAKIT JIWA DAERAH ABEPURA
Authors: Manda Haslinda , Nompo Rifki Sakinah , Rhomandoni Muh. 
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang: Skizofrenia merupakan penyakit mental yang serius. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh gangguan konsentrasi neurotransmiter otak, perubahan reseptor sel-sel otak, dan kelainan otak struktural. Pasien akan memiliki pemikiran, perasaan, emosi, ucapan, dan perilaku yang tidak normal, yang memengaruhi kehidupan, pekerjaan, kegiatan sosial, dan kemampuan untuk mengurus diri mereka sehari-hari sehingga mereka membutuhkan keluarga dalam membantu proses pemulihan selama berada di rumah. Peran keluarga merupakan pendukung penting dalam proses pemulihan pasien skizofrenia terutama untuk mencegah terjadinya kekambuhan. Sikap keluarga yang tidak menerima pasien skizofrenia atau bersikap bermusuhan dengan pasien akan membuat kekambuhan terjadi. Tujuan: mengidentifikasi gambaran peran keluarga dalam merawat pasien gangguan jiwa skizofrenia yang mengalami kekambuhan di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Abepura. Metode Penelitian: menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan jumlah sampel 30 responden, serta analisa data menggunakan prosentase. Hasil: dari 30 responden yang diteliti 15 keluarga (50.0%) berperan dalam merawat kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia dan 15 keluarga (50.0%) tidak berperan dalam merawat kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia. Kesimpulan: penelitian menunjukkan hasil seimbang antara keluarga yang berperan dalam merawat kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia, hal ini mungkin terjadi karena kurangnya informasi atau pengetahuan mengenai perawatan pasien skizofrenia di rumah, dan stigma yang masih melekat pada masyarakat seperti: dikucilkan, tidak dapat berproduktifitas, tidak berguna, menakutkan, dan lain sebagainya.
Kata Kunci: Peran Keluarga, Skizofrenia, Kekambuhan
GAMBARAN KONSEP DIRI REMAJA DI KELAS XI IPA 1 SMA NEGERI 1 SENTANI KABUPATEN JAYAPURA
Authors: Baaka Jusmadini , Nompo Rifki Sakinah , Arvia Arvia 
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang: Konsep diri individu tidaklah bawaan dari lahir tetapi timbul akibat adanya pengalaman, persepsi dan hasil belajar yang dialami oleh setiap individu. Konsep diri seseorang terbentuk dari proses belajar. Konsep diri pada remaja merupakan keadaan dimana remaja mampu menilai dirinya secara fisik, psikis, sosial, emosional, aspirasi, dan prestasi. Keperawatan jiwa konsep diri terdiri dari lima komponen; citra tubuh/ gambaran diri, harga diri, indentitas diri, peran, dan ideal diri. Remaja yang memiliki konsep diri positif cenderung menampilkan tingkah laku sosial yang positif, sedangkan remaja yang konsep diri kurang memandang dirinya negatif sehingga akan timbulnya konsep diri negatif. Dalam mengembangkan potensi diri, individu perlu memahami dirinya sendiri, dan mengetahui kelebihan dan kelemahan yang dimilikinya serta cara memahami dan mengetahui diri sendiri. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui konsep diri remaja di kelas XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sentani Kabupaten Jayapura. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan persentase, dilakukan pada bulan Januari sampai Februari 2021. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 33 siswa/I, dengan kuesioner konsep diri yang terdiri dari 43 pernyataan positif dan negatif. Hasil: Konsep diri remaja dengan kriteria positif 31 orang (93.9%) dan konsep diri dengan kriteria negatif 2 orang (6.1%). Kesimpulan: Konsep diri bukanlah aspek yang dibawa sejak lahir, tetapi merupakan aspek yang dibentuk melalui interaksi individu dalam berbagai lingkungan, baik itu lingkungan keluarga maupun lingkungan lain yang lebih luas. Pada dasarnya konsep diri seseorang terbentuk dari lingkungan pertama yang paling dekat dengan individu, yaitu lingkungan keluarga, tetapi lama-kelamaan konsep diri individu akan berkembang melalui hubungan dengan lingkungan yang lebih luas, seperti teman sebaya.
Kata Kunci: Konsep Diri, Remaja, SMA
PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA TENTANG PEMBERIAN OBAT ORAL CAIR PADA ANAK DI RUANG KANAK - KANAK RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH JAYAPURA
Authors: Wangguway Roy M. , Amir Nurhidayah , Suhardi Dewi 
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang: Peran orang tua pada anak yang sakit dengan menjaga kesehatan membutuhkan pengetahuan dalam pemberian obat. Pemberian obat yang salah meliputi waktu dan cara pemberian mengakibatkan kelebihan atau kekurangan dosis obat yang berdampak pada kesembuhan serta gangguan kesehatan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian: Diketahui pengetahuan orang tua tentang pemberian obat oral cair pada anak di Ruang Kanak - Kanak Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Jayapura. Metode penelitian: Deskriptif kuantitatif di Ruang Anak–Anak RSUD Jayapura denganpopulasi pada orang tua pasien anak yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus - Oktober 2019. Data diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian: Pengetahuan orang tua tentang pemberian obat oral cair pada anak di Ruang Kanak – Kanak RSUD Jayapura dalam kategori pengetahuan baik sebanyak 21 orang (53,8%), pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 13 orang (33,3%) dan pengetahuan kurang sebanyak 5 orang (12,8%). Simpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetauan orang tua tentang pemberian obat oral cair tertinggi yaitu pengetahuan baik.
Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Obat Oral Cair, Orang Tua
PENGARUH PROMOSI KESEHATAN TENTANG IMUNISASI PADA ANAK USIA 0-5 TAHUN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DI PUSKESMAS SENTANI
Authors: Sembiring Natalia Lisma Br , Barends Vivi Hermalina , Supriyanto Enos 
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang: Promosi kesehatan tidak hanya proses penyadaran masyarakat atau pemberian dan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang kesehatan saja, tetapi disertai dengan upaya-upaya memfasilitasi perubahan perilaku. Peran perawat berdasarkan UU RI Nomor 38 tahun 2014, sebagai penyuluh dan konselor, melakukan pengkajian keperawatan secara holistik ditingkat individu dan keluarga serta ditingkat kelompok dan masyarakat, melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat, melaksanakan advokasi dalam perawatan pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat, menjalin kemitraan dalam perawatan kesehatan masyarakat dan melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan dan konseling. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh promosi kesehatan tentang imunisasi pada anak usia 0-5 tahun terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan ibu di Puskesmas Sentani. Jenis Penelitian: Menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan Pra-Eksperimen (pra-experiments design) dengan One group Pretest-Postest. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 1.347 orang ) dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 93 responden yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Hasil: Uji paired sample T-Test sebesar -10.869 sehingga bisa diambil kesimpulan untuk menerima Ha karena p value < α yaitu 0,000<0,05. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh promosi kesehatan tentang imunisasi pada anak usia 0-5 tahun terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan ibu di Puskesmas Sentani.
Kata kunci: Promosi Kesehatan, Imunisasi, Anak, Pengetahuan
LITERATURE REVIEW GAMBARAN ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA PASIEN GANGGUAN PERSEPSI SENSORI ; HALUSINASI PENDENGARAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TERAPI KOGNITIF
Authors: Pangestu Apri Danu , Setiawan Christina Trisnawati , Purnomo Roni 
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang : Menurut WHO pada tahun 2017 terdapat ±450 juta penderita gangguan jiwa didunia termasuk skizofernia. Tingginya angka halusinasi perlu solusi dari perawat dengan melakukan tindakan asuhan keperawatan untuk pasien gangguan persepsi sensori : halusinasi pendengaran. Terapi kognitif mengacu pada pemrosesan informasi serta perilaku seseorang yang depresif. Penatalaksanaan halusinasi pendengaran salah satunya dengan terapi kognitif, individu diarahkan agar dapat berfikir lebih logis, sehingga individu mampu mengidentifikasi pikiran yang muncul sebagai sebuah gejala psikologis yang dialamin, bukan suatu hal fakta atau realita yang sedang terjadi, sehingga frekuensi halusinasi dapat turun Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui tentang gambaran tentang tindakan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien halusinasi pendengaran terapi kognitif. Metode : Penelitian deskriptif hanya menggambarkan atau memaparkan variable yang diteliti tanpa menganalisa hubungan antar variable . Hasil : Pada penelitian literature review ini didapatkan hasil terjadinya penurunan frekuensi halusinasi Tn. A dari 5 kali sehari menjadi 2 kali sehari, sedangkan pada Ny.Y tidak ditemukan adanya penurunan frekuensi halusinasi dengan frekuensi halusinasi tetap 4 kali dalam sehari. Kesimpulan : Adanya pengaruh terapi kognitif terhadap penurunan frekuensi halusinasi pada pasien halusinasi pendengaran. Terapi kognitif dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan non-farmakologi bagi pasien dengan halusinasi pendengaran untuk menurunkan frekuensi halusinasi pendengaran.
Kata kunci : Gangguan Persepsi Sensori, Terapi Kognitif, Halusinasi Pendengaran
Evaluation of Iatrogenic Hypocortisolemia Following Trilostane Therapy in 48 Dogs with Pituitary-Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism
Authors: Appleman Elizabeth , Schrage Abigail , Lamb Kenneth E. , Langston Cathy 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to retrospectively describe the clinical progression following diagnosis of iatrogenic hypocortisolemia (iHC) in 48 dogs receiving trilostane for pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Cortisol concentrations were ≥1.5 mg/dL within 6 mo following diagnosis of iHC in 76.3% of dogs (95% confidence interval [CI] 59.8–88.6%). At the time of study completion, 25% of dogs (95% CI 13.6–39.6%) were receiving either glucocorticoids or mineralocorticoids or both; 42% of dogs (95% CI 27.6–56.8%) were on no adrenal-related medications; and the remaining 33% of dogs (95% CI 20.4–48.4%) were receiving trilostane. No patient-, clinicopathologic-, or trilostane-associated factors were identified to influence adrenal recovery following diagnosis of iHC, and it remains difficult to predict the clinical progression in this population of dogs.
Analisis Kadar Siklamat Pada Selai Tidak Bermerek Yang Dijual Di Pasar Tradisional Kota Makassar
Authors: Muawanah Muawanah , Nurhidayat Nurhidayat , Rasyid Nur Qadri , Susanti Susi 
Published: August 2021

The jam is a semi-solid food made from fruit or other processed product. The manufacturing process can add food additives (BTP), one of which is artificial sweeteners such as cyclamate. Cyclamate can be harmful to health if consumed in levels that exceed the maximum limit.The purpose of this research was to identificate and determine the cyclamate content of unbranded jam in the traditional market town of makassar. The type of research used is laboratory observation with simple random sampling technique. This research was conducted qualitatively (depositional method) and quantitatively (gravimetric method). Based on the results of the research from 7 (seven) samples of unmerck jam there were 2 (two) positive samples containing cyclamate with cyclamate levels obtained, namely the K sample 0f 42.273,78 mg/kg and sample T3 of 49, 822. 67 mg/kg. In this study it can be concluded that 2 (two) samples of unbranded jam contained cyclamate levels that exceed the maximum limit set by BPOM No. 4 of 2014, namely 1000 mg/kg and so it is not safe for consumption.