bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lessons from CSCMP Supply Chain Hall of Famer Henry Ford and the research that they call for in modern supply chains
Authors: van Hoek Remko 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis paper considers CSCMP Supply Chain Hall of Famer Henry Ford's innovation and its transformative impact on supply chain management. Credited with the assembly line, Ford's innovation also included a supply chain design around the concept of flow, integrated supply and the enablement of economies of scale and productivity to drive down consumer prices and create affordable product for a growing market.Design/methodology/approachThis paper considers literature and builds upon the history of the innovation to consider supply chain implications and future opportunities to further the innovation into modern supply chains.FindingsFord did not “invent” the assembly line but he did build the supply chain around it. He stewarded core supply chain principles of great relevance well before they become popular, including a focus on lifelong learning, making failure safe, waste elimination and helping make the world a better place. There are many opportunities to continue to build upon the innovation for future supply chain success.Originality/valueThe supply chain field is sometimes said to be “historically challenged.” This paper reviews the essence and lessons learned from the assembly line and supply chain design and the leadership principles of Henry Ford and the Ford production system. We also connect leadership principles of the Ford supply chain to those of Ohno and Deming to map out the evolution of the Ford supply chain management approach over multiple decades and into the supply chain body of knowledge. Finally, we reflect upon how supply chain design aspects of the Ford supply chain may need to further evolve into the future. Based upon this reflection we recommend opportunities for further research and innovation that build upon the supply chain management roots provided by Henry Ford.
Analysis of supply chain operations reference (SCOR) and balanced scorecard (BSC) in measuring supply chains efficiency using DEMATEL and DEA techniques
Authors: El-Garaihy Wael Hassan 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The strategic management of the supply chain encompasses the development and integration of a supply chain strategy and the evaluation of the findings. An integrated approach is required for linking the supply chain strategy with the overall strategic management of the company for it to be successful. In this regard, this paper aims to examine and compare the relative efficiency of two models, namely, supply chain operations reference (SCOR) and the balanced scorecard (BSC) for measuring the supply chain performance.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative research design is used and 800 individuals were recruited from the industrial sector in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. A three-tier model was used based on BSC, data envelopment analysis (DEA), decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL).

Findings
The findings have indicated that DMUs 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 were efficient, while the other DMUs were non-efficient. These non-efficient units were not aware of the training and development and learning and growth. The concern presents comparatively poor performance of employees at this stage even this issue was based on system performance and indifference of managers, establishing complexities in the long-term system. The relationships were determined among four dimensions of BSC by identifying the supply chain metrics and applying the DEMATEL approach.

Originality/value
The current study provides empirical support for the DEA network model concerning its preference and improved performance measurement as compared to BSC model.
Elements of perceived good physician leadership and their relation to leadership theory
Authors: Huikko-Tarvainen Sari 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This research paper aims to discover the elements of good physician leadership as perceived by physicians and to find out how the findings connect to the leadership theory.

Design/methodology/approach
The subjects (n = 50) of this qualitative study are physicians from four hierarchical levels (residents/specialising physicians, specialists, heads of departments and chief physicians). Content analysis with a constructivist-interpretative approach by thematisation was the chosen method, and it was also analysed how major leadership theories relate to good physician leadership.

Findings
Physician leaders are expected to possess the professional skills of physicians, understand how the work affects physicians’ lives and be competent in applying suitable leadership approaches following different situations and people. Trust, fairness, empathy, social skills, two-way communication skills, regular feedback, collegial respect and emotional intelligence are expected. As medical expertise connects leaders and followers, success in medical leadership comes from credibility in medical expertise, making medical leadership an inseparable part of good physician leadership. Subordinates are physician colleagues, who have their informal leadership roles on their hierarchical levels, making physician leadership a multidimensional leadership setting wherein formal leaders lead informal leaders, which blurs the traditional leader–follower boundary. In summary, good physician leadership is leadership through medical expertise combined with good manners, collegiality and traits from different kinds of leadership theories.

Originality/value
This study discovers elements of good physician leadership in a Finnish health-care context in which no similar prior empirical research has been carried out.
Transformation of home environments in pandemic: the concept of “life fits into room” in the new normal
Authors: Birer Emel , Hasgül Esin , Can Eren 
Published: August 2021

PurposePandemic process has led re-questioning home environments within adaptations of new activities inside due to the restriction of outdoor usage. This paper aims to reveal spatial transformations carried out through the time spent at home during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative study is carried out based on Garfinkel’s (1961) ethnomethodology method (documentary method of interpretation). Analysis focused on the first month of pandemic in which urgent adaptations and solutions produced at home, and the situation in last two weeks of pandemic is analyzed within a control group and comparisons were made. Perec’s (1974) statement of “a user's manual” is used as a checklist of time-space-activity observations proposed on “mondayness, tuesdayness, wednesdayness, thursdayness, fridayness, saturdayness and sundayness.” Instead of daily period, activities performed on a weekly scale were recorded and time-dependent shifts of functions were revealed.FindingsFindings introduced new discussion topics to examine dwelling spaces in “new normal.” Comparisons indicate that hypothesis of gathering all activities in room in terms of “life fits into room” concept is directed through rapid spatial behaviors in daily life as primary adaptation.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough pandemic process continues after study, analysis of first four weeks are accepted as the period of rapid change and compared by last two weeks of pandemic.Originality/valuePandemic indicators proposed in study brings along that there is little information on the subject in literature. Socio-spatial findings address the examinations of spatial transformations into pandemic adaptation.
Histometric parameters of the large intestine of hybrid marmosetsCallithrixsp. under the influence of seasonality
Authors: Guimarães‐Lopes Vanessa de Paula , Gomes Maria Raquel Varino Sá , Kagueyama Mislene , Faria Rita de Cássia Vieira , Ribeiro Filho Oswaldo Pinto , Melo Fabiano Rodrigues de , Sartori Sirlene Souza Rodrigues 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMorphofunctional characteristics of the large intestine are rarely explored to understand the physiology, behavior and ecology of neotropical primates. In this study, we analyzed the histometric parameters of the large intestine of hybrid marmosets (Callithrixsp.) captured in forest fragments of Viçosa‐Brazil, under seasonal interference. These animals were predominantly insectivorous in the rainy season and gummivores in the dry season. Large intestine fragments were collected and processed according to histological methods and stained with toluidine blue for general analysis, periodic acid of Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue (AB) for goblet cells, Grimelius and Masson Fontana for argyrophil and argentaffin endocrine cells. Several histometric parameters were more expressive in the large intestine of the rainy season marmosets: greater thickness of the parietal layers, greater number of argyrophil and argentaffin endocrine cells, and AB‐positive goblet cells, characteristics favor secretomotor functions and reduce the passage time of the fecal bolus, which is consistent with an insectivorous diet. In contrast, parameters such as crypt width, height of the absorptive cells and striated border, and the number of PAS‐positive cells were more expressive in the dry season marmosets, reflecting the need for longer passage time for digestion and absorption of food items from tree gum, which are more complex and demand the action of microorganisms present in the large intestine, as well as greater protection against the abrasive action of dietary fibers and against microorganisms. Thus, it can be said that the marmoset's large intestine has morphological adaptations to maximize energy intake from the diet, which alternates under the influence of seasonality.
Comparison of outcomes between laparoscopic and open Hartmann's reversal: A single‐center retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Sato Aya , Imaizumi Ken , Kasajima Hiroyuki , Obuchi Keisuke , Sato Kentaro , Yamana Daisuke , Tsuruga Yosuke , Umehara Minoru , Kurushima Michihiro , Nakanishi Kazuaki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionLaparoscopic Hartmann's reversal (LHR) has recently been reported to be safer and more feasible than open Hartmann's reversal (OHR); however, there is limited data on the outcomes of LHR compared with those of OHR from Asian countries. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the postoperative outcomes of LHR compared with OHR, and additionally compare the patient outcomes post‐LHR according to the previous Hartmann's procedure (HP) approach.MethodsPatients who underwent OHR and LHR between January 2006 and September 2020 in a single center in Japan, were retrospectively evaluated. Patient characteristics and perioperative data were collected from the medical and surgical records and assessed.ResultsOverall, 15 and 19 patients underwent OHR and LHR, respectively, between January 2006 and September 2020. LHR was associated with less blood loss (median: 15 mL vs 185 mL; P < .001) and shorter hospital stays (9 days vs 14 days; P = .023) than OHR. There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between LHR and OHR (26.3% vs 40.0%, P = .475). However, two severe anastomotic complications in LHR were observed in patients with the stump below the peritoneal reflection. No significant difference in outcomes was observed between LHR patients who underwent open and laparoscopic HP.ConclusionLHR resulted in positive outcomes regarding estimated blood loss and postoperative hospitalization, compared with OHR. Although the postoperative complications between LHR and OHR were not significant, patients with the stump below the peritoneal reflection may be at a high risk of anastomotic complications.
Conscientious objections, the nature of medicine, and the need for reformability
Authors: Kim Eric J. , Ferguson Kyle 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe debate over whether the medical profession should accommodate its members' conscientious objections (COs) has raged on in the bioethics literature and on legislative floors for decades. Unfortunately, participants on all sides of the debate fail to distinguish among different types of CO, a failure that obstructs the view of which cases warrant accommodation and why. In this paper, we identify one type of CO that warrants consideration for accommodation, called Nature of Medicine COs (NoMCOs). NoMCOs involve the refusal of physicians to perform actions they reasonably judge to be contrary to the nature of medicine and their professional obligations. We argue that accommodating NoMCOs can be justified based on the profession's need to preserve reformability. Importantly, this previously underdeveloped position evades some of the concerns commonly raised by opponents of CO accommodations.
Developmental antecedents of young adults’ solidarity during the Covid‐19 pandemic: The role of sympathy, social trust, and peer exclusion from early to late adolescence
Authors: Grütter Jeanine , Buchmann Marlis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study explored characteristics of young adults’ solidarity during the Covid‐19 pandemic by identifying three different profiles, characterized by low (23%), average (54%), and high solidarity (23%). Based on longitudinal Swiss panel data (NT1 = 797, Mage T1 = 12.15 years, 51% female; 28% migration background representing diverse ethnicities; NT2 = 707, Mage T2 = 15.33 years; NT3 = 596, Mage T3 = 18.31 years), the study combined person‐ and variable‐centered approaches to examine whether sympathy, social trust, and peer exclusion at earlier phases in development predicted membership in pandemic‐related solidarity profiles (NT4 = 300, Mage T4 = 20.33 years). All developmental predictors were significantly associated with the likelihood of expressing solidarity during the pandemic as young adults.
Gödelian platonism and mathematical intuition
Authors: Wrigley Wesley 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper has two key aims. The first is to clarify the nature of Gödel's platonism. I offer an interpretation of Gödel's remarks on realism and intuition from which a clarified Gödelian position, calledconceptual platonism, can be extracted. The second aim is to assess the philosophical merits of this theory. I defend it from charges of mysticism and theology, arguing instead that conceptual platonism is problematic for a more familiar reason. Given the familiarity of this problem, there are implications for a broad family of views in the philosophy of mathematics.
Status epilepticus suspected autoimmune: Neuronal surface antibodies and main clinical features
Authors: Suga Hiroki , Yanagida Atsuko , Kanazawa Naomi , Ohara Hiroya , Kitagawa Tadashi , Hayashi Masahiro , Onozawa Yuya , Nagata Naomi , Kaneko Juntaro , Kitamura Eiji , Nishiyama Kazutoshi , Iizuka Takahiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesStatus epilepticus (SE) can be associated with neuronal surface antibodies (NS‐Abs) but NS‐Ab detection rate remains unknown in patients with SE of unclear etiology at symptom presentation but suspected of having an autoimmune etiology (SE suspected autoimmune). We aimed to determine the NS‐Ab detection rate and the clinical features that predict the presence of NS‐Abs in patients with SE suspected autoimmune.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical information of 137 patients with SE suspected autoimmune who underwent testing for NS‐Abs between January 2007 and September 2020. NS‐Abs were examined in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained at symptom onset with established assays. We classified brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings into unremarkable, autoimmune limbic encephalitis (ALE) (bilateral abnormalities highly restricted to the medial temporal lobes), ALE‐Plus (ALE pattern and additional extramedial temporal lobe abnormalities), multifocal cortico‐subcortical (MCS), or other pattern. We compared the clinical features between patients with and without NS‐Abs.ResultsForty‐four patients (32.1%) had NS‐Abs, including 35 N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) (one with concurrent γ‐aminobutyric acid B receptor [GABAbR] and α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid receptor [AMPAR]), 5 γ‐aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAaR), 2 leucine‐rich glioma‐inactivated 1(LGI1), 1 GABAbR, and 1 unknown antigens. Compared with NS‐Ab‐negative patients, NS‐Ab‐positive patients were more likely to have a preceding headache (56.8% vs 26.7%), preceding psychobehavioral or memory alterations (65.9% vs 20.4%), involuntary movements (79.5% vs 16.1%), CSF pleocytosis (81.8% vs 62.0%), elevated immunoglobulin G (IgG) index (45.2% vs 15.6%), oligoclonal bands (51.5% vs 9.5%), tumor (47.7% vs 8.6%), and higher APE2 score (median of 9 vs 7), and they were less likely to have an ALE‐Plus pattern (2.3% vs 23.7%). However, preceding fever and ALE or MCS pattern were not different between the two groups of patients.SignificanceWhen an autoimmune etiology was suspected, there was a relatively high likelihood (one of three patients) of identifying NS‐Abs. Some clinical features (preceding symptoms, inflammatory CSF) predict a higher likelihood of finding NS‐Ab positivity, but the ALE‐Plus MRI pattern is more likely suggestive of NS‐Ab negativity.
Analysis of the maternal genome ofElymus nutansfrom the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau based on chloroplast genomes
Authors: Liu Ruijuan , Xia Mingze , Liu Demei , Jiang Liling , Shen Jicheng , Chen Wenjie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElymus nutansis an important forage and ecological restoration herbage in the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau, which is an allohexaploid species with theStStYYHHgenomes. Previous studies suggested thatPseudoroegneriais the maternal genome donor toE. nutans, but exactly whichPseudoroegneriaspecies is still unknown. Here, we report the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of twoE. nutansfrom the Qinghai‐Tibet and fivePseudoroegneriaspecies. The cp genomes of the seven samples ranged narrowly from 134,924 bp to 135,142 bp in size, comprising inverted repeats of 20,808–20,814 bp, single‐copy regions of 80,536–80,754 bp (LSC) and 12,762–12,772 bp (SSC). It encoded 111 total genes, of which 78 protein‐coding genes, 29 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. A comparative cp genome analysis and characteristic junctions ofSt‐containing species revealed that the gene content and organization were conserved, but differences were still found in sequence variation and border regions. Further, the Bayesian inference (BI) phylogenetic tree using the whole chloroplast genome sequence demonstrated thatP. cognatamight be the most likelyStgenome donor ofE. nutansin the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau, followed byP. strigosa. However, whetherE. nutanshas other maternal genomes still needs further research.
Parameters of the complete blood count predict in hospital mortality
Authors: Shimoni Zvi , Froom Paul , Benbassat Jochanan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionMortality rates are used to evaluate the quality of hospital care after adjusting for disease severity and, commonly also, for age, comorbidity, and laboratory data with only few parameters of the complete blood count (CBC).ObjectiveTo identify the parameters of the CBC that predict independently in‐hospital mortality of acutely admitted patients.PopulationAll patients were admitted to internal medicine, cardiology, and intensive care departments at the Laniado Hospital in Israel in 2018 and 2019. VARIABLES: Independent variables were patients' age, sex, and parameters of the CBC. The outcome variable was in‐hospital mortality.AnalysisLogistic regression. In 2018, we identified the variables that were associated with in‐hospital mortality and validated this association in the 2019 cohort.ResultsIn the validation cohort, a model consisting of nine parameters that are commonly available in modern analyzers had a c‐statistics (area under the receiver operator curve) of 0.86 and a 10%‐90% risk gradient of 0%‐21.4%. After including the proportions of large unstained cells, hypochromic, and macrocytic red cells, the c‐statistic increased to 0.89, and the risk gradient to 0.1%‐29.5%.ConclusionThe commonly available parameters of the CBC predict in‐hospital mortality. Addition of the proportions of hypochromic red cells, macrocytic red cells, and large unstained cells may improve the predictive value of the CBC.
Workforce adjustment strategies and concession bargaining in times of crisis: A qualitative approach based on French case studies
Authors: Delahaie Noélie , Perez Coralie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough the scale of the current crisis undoubtedly implies heavy repercussions on employment and work, this paper draws on the experience of French firms that implemented various workforce adjustments during the 2008 crisis. We focus on how adjustments were negotiated and the bargaining leeway for employee representatives. On the basis of 14 case studies, we seek to determine whether the crisis has led to concession bargaining and, if so, assess the characteristics of the bargaining. Mobilizing the power resources approach, we identify three types of concession bargaining based on their reciprocal and reversible features and question how actors were able to mobilize resources (institutional, associational and structural) at the workplace level. Our analysis shows that times of crisis are conducive to concession bargaining, the counterparts of which are not always identifiable for employees. Ultimately, it raises the need to identify new resources that unions could mobilize to defend jobs in the face of the COVID‐19 crisis.
Free and cued identification of individual odorants in blind and sighted individuals
Authors: Sorokowska Agnieszka , Oleszkiewicz Anna 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrior visual experience may affect olfactory identification of some odors, yet it remains unclear, whose qualities affect odor salience and familiarity in blindness. It seems very interesting, because such odors could be used to support the visually impaired individuals through novel solutions involving olfactory orientation and navigation. Here, we analyzed identification performance of 44 early blind and 52 sighted people focusing on differences in individual odorants included in a standardized olfactory identification test (SST). We hypothesized that blind people would outperform the sighted in the identification of unpleasant smells, as these odors are relevant for organism protection, and food odors, given blind people's intense odor focus in daily food evaluation. Our study consisted of cued and free identification tasks, each comprising one part of the popular Sniffin' Sticks identification test. We found no evidence of enhanced identification of unpleasant smells or food odors in blindness. Overall, our research suggests that visual impairment does not result in increased odor identification skills, especially in the case of suprathreshold cued odor identification task.Practical ApplicationsBlindness is commonly associated with superior olfactory abilities, and this enhanced olfactory perception might be used to support the blind peoples' everyday functioning. We assumed that if odors of certain qualities were particularly salient and identifiable for people with blindness, these odors could be used to support the visually impaired individuals through novel solutions involving olfactory orientation and navigation. We tested whether visual impairment results in better identification of common odorants varying in pleasantness and edibility, as these qualities seem to be relevant for human vital functions. Our study suggests that blindness does not relate to particularly enhanced perception of suprathreshold odors. Therefore, further exploration is necessary to design systems supporting the daily functioning of the blind people through sensory cues.