bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Follow-Up Care Received by Patients with Hypertension at Primary Health Care Facilities in Tshwane District of Gauteng Province, South Africa
Authors: Manyelo Julia , Habedi Debbie 
Published: September 2021

To extend the life expectancy of all South Africans to at least 70 years by 2030, hypertension follow-up care needs to be strengthened so that patients do not develop complications while in care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the follow-up care received by patients with hypertension at primary health care (PHC) facilities in Tshwane district. The study setting was ten PHC facilities in the aforesaid district. Quantitative, descriptive and retrospective methods were adopted, and simple random sampling was used to select ten PHC facilities from which ten files were conveniently sampled. Data were captured in Microsoft Excel 2010 and exported to IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21 in which data coding, outlier detection, missing value analysis and statistical data analysis were performed. In line with the study aim, frequency tables in SPSS were used to produce frequency statistics, and the chi-square test was used to test for the presence of association between compliance by nurses to clinical guidelines and categories of attributes, and further determine if there was a significant difference between adherence and non-adherence. The study found a significant proportion (93.4%) of non-adherence to hypertension guidelines among consulting nurses at selected PHC facilities.
Life Cycle Assessment of Flexible Electromagnetic Shields
Authors: Răzvan Rădulescu Ion , Surdu Lilioara , Visileanu Emilia , Mitu Bogdana , Morari Cristian 
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, fiber based flexible electromagnetic shields have widespread applications in ensuring Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). Shielding is a solution of EMC, and the main methods to estimate shielding effectiveness are represented by the circuit method and the impedance method. Magnetron sputtering of metallic layers represents a novel technique to impart electric conductive properties to fabrics. Coating of fabrics represents a second main option to manufacture textile shields beside the insertion of conductive yarns in the fabric structure. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is often used to assess a comparatively modern with a classical manufacturing process in order to prove its eco-friendly character. This chapter comparatively assesses flexible EM shields manufactured of fabrics with inserted conductive yarns with and without magnetron plasma coating. The copper plasma coating of cotton fabrics with inserted silver yarns increases shielding effectiveness (EMSE) by 8–10 dB. In order to keep for the LCA study the same functional unit of 50 dB at 100 MHz for one sqm of fabric, the fabric structure is modeled with a reduced distance between the inserted conductive yarns. Results of the LCA study show a substantial impact on the environment for the plasma coated fabric upon using a laboratory scale deposition set-up.
Forførelsens element. Når vi ser etnografiske film
Authors: Møhl Perle 
Published: September 2021

Nar en rulle celloluid med kemiske monstre og et magnetisk band med polariserede
atomer sattes i en filmprojektor, sa fremstar der pa larredet og i rummet et spil af former,
farver, kontraster og lyde, som barer en vis lighed med den fysiske verden. Disse
sensoriske indtryk registreres af vores ojne og orer, og stimulerer nerveimpulser til
hjernen. Impulserne ordnes til monstre, som behaftes med mening ved at de sammenholdes
med kulturelt bestemte meningskoder, som vi hver isar rader over og genkender i de
nye informationer. Sadan kunne man kort resumere perceptionsprocessen hos en biografganger.
Hvis man havder, at i vores dagligdags perception af den fysiske verden, er det, vi
ser, ikke er verden selv, men et kulturelt kodificeret billede af den, sa er der egentlig ikke
nogen stor perceptiv forskel pa at se den fysiske verden og dens filmiske reprasentation.
Nar man sa tilfojer, at det, antropologer gor, nar de indvinder viden, netop er at
opleve, at se og lytte til den fysiske verden omkring dem - i overensstemmelse med en
positivistisk ide om, at hvis man ser/horer noget, sa eksisterer det - sa forstar man, at de
kan have en noget ambivalent holdning til filmmediet. Pa den ene side forekommer film
lige sa lydligt og visuelt virkelige som den fysiske verden de reprasenterer, og pa den
anden side er de kun reprasentationer af den.
Downregulation of PPA2 expression correlates with poor prognosis of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Wenbiao , Jiang Huiming , Xie Shoucheng , Xiao Huanqin , Liu Qinghua , Chen Nanhui , Wan Pei , Lu Shanming 
Published: September 2021

Background
Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common subtype of kidney cancer. Inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPA2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate; few studies have reported its significance in cancers. Therefore, we aimed to explore the prognostic value of PPA2 in KIRC.

Methods
PPA2 expression was detected via immunohistochemistry in a tissue chip containing specimens from 150 patients with KIRC. We evaluated the correlation between PPA2 expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and survival. Data from online databases and another cohort (paraffin-embedded specimens from 10 patients with KIRC) were used for external validation.

Results
PPA2 expression was significantly lower in KIRC tissues than in normal renal tissues (p < 0.0001). Low expression of PPA2 was significantly associated with a high histologic grade and poor prognosis. The differential expression of PPA2 was validated at the gene and protein levels. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that PPA2 expression was an independent prognostic factor in patients with KIRC. Gene set enrichment analysis suggested that decreased expression of PPA2 might be related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in KIRC.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that PPA2 is an important energy metabolism-associated biomarker correlated with a favorable prognosis in KIRC.
Comprehensive analysis of abnormal expression, prognostic value and oncogenic role of the hub gene FN1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via bioinformatic analysis and in vitro experiments
Authors: Lei Xiaohua , Chen Guodong , Li Jiangtao , Wen Wu , Gong Jian , Fu Jie 
Published: September 2021

Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers with a poor prognosis worldwide. Although the treatment of PDAC has made great progress in recent years, the therapeutic effects are still unsatisfactory. Methods. In this study, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PDAC and normal pancreatic tissues based on four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE15471, GSE16515, GSE28735 and GSE71729). A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was established to evaluate the relationship between the DEGs and to screen hub genes. The expression levels of the hub genes were further validated through the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), ONCOMINE and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases, as well as the validation GEO dataset GSE62452. Additionally, the prognostic values of the hub genes were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier plotter and the validation GEO dataset GSE62452. Finally, the mechanistic roles of the most remarkable hub genes in PDAC were examined through in vitro experiments.

Results
We identified the following nine hub genes by performing an integrated bioinformatics analysis: COL1A1, COL1A2, FN1, ITGA2, KRT19, LCN2, MMP9, MUC1 and VCAN. All of the hub genes were significantly upregulated in PDAC tissues compared with normal pancreatic tissues. Two hub genes (FN1 and ITGA2) were associated with poor overall survival (OS) rates in PDAC patients. Finally, in vitro experiments indicated that FN1 plays vital roles in PDAC cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis and the cell cycle.

Conclusions
In summary, we identified two hub genes that are associated with the expression and prognosis of PDAC. The oncogenic role of FN1 in PDAC was first illustrated by performing an integrated bioinformatic analysis and in vitro experiments. Our results provide a fundamental contribution for further research aimed finding novel therapeutic targets for overcoming PDAC.
An evaluation of factors affecting pain during transrectal ultrasonographic prostate biopsy: a real-life scenario in a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cebeci Oğuz Özden , Ozkan Alp 
Published: September 2021

Background
Periprostatic infiltration anesthesia (PPIA) and intrarectal topical anesthesia (IRTA) are recommended methods to control pain in transrectal ultrasonographic prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx). This study evaluates the factors affecting pain during TRUS-Bx, considering the pathologies involved in anorectal pain etiology and comparing the effectiveness of local anesthesia techniques in providing patient comfort.

Material and Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 477 consecutive patients with TRUS-Bx for elevated Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), abnormal rectal examination findings, or both. Patients were grouped as local anesthesia methods for pain control during TRUS-Bx. Both groups were compared in terms of age, body mass index, clinical T stage, PSA, prostate volume, number of biopsy cores, type of anesthesia, previous biopsy history, and presence of prostate cancer. We used a visual analog pain scale (VAS) to evaluate the patient’s pain status; pre-procedure (VAS-0), during probe insertion (VAS-I), administration of anesthetic (VAS-A), and simultaneous with the biopsy procedure itself (VAS-Bx). For PPIA and IRTA, 4 ml lidocaine 20 mg/ml injection and 5 g 5% prilocaine-5% lidocaine cream was used, respectively.

Results
The PPIA was used 74.2% (n = 354) and IRTA was used for 25.8% (n = 123) patients. VAS-0, VAS-I, and VAS-A scores are similar between groups. VAS-Bx was significantly higher in the IRTA than in the PPIA (3.37 ± 0.18 vs. 2.36 ± 0.12 p > 0.001). Clinical T stage (OR: 0.59), number of biopsy cores (OR: 1.80), and type of anesthesia application (OR: 2.65) were independent variables on TRUS-Bx for pain.

Conclusion
Three factors play roles as independent variables associated with the pain in TRUS-Bx; abnormal rectal examination findings, collection of more than twelve core samples during the biopsy, and the type of anesthesia used. Compared with PPIA, IRTA does not improve pain related to probe insertion, and using IRTA results in higher pain scores for biopsy-related pain. Thus, we recommend a PPIA to lower biopsy-related pain.
Early Outcome of Cold Knife Ablation and Diathermy Fulguration of Posterior Urethral Valve; A Comparative Study
Authors: Reza Jiaul , Biswas Ipsita , Karim Sabbir , Alam Rashedul , Mamun Abdullah-Al- 
Published: September 2021

Background: Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is the most common obstructive anomaly of the urethra. Urethral valves have a wide range of clinical and anatomical presentations and today most patients are diagnosed in the prenatal or early neonatal period. Cold knife and diathermy fulguration are two of the technique of PUV ablation.
Objective: To find out early outcome of posterior urethral valve ablation between cold knife and diathermy fulguration.
Methodology: This prospective comparative interventional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric surgery in Dhaka Shishu Hospital (DSH), Dhaka. 54 patients with PUV, admitted for valve ablation during study period were included in this study. Patients were divided in to two group. Among them, 27 were in Group-A, whose PUV ablation were done by cold knife and 27 were in Group-B whose PUV ablation were done by diathermy fulguration. Successful ablation was confirmed under endoscopic vision as well as with the demonstration of good stream following supra pubic compression, at the end of the procedure. All patients were kept with 72 hours of urethral catheterization (All silicon self retaining Foley’s catheter according to body texture ) .Post PUV ablation pt. were given discharged with prophylactic antibiotics on 4th POD.
Results: The mean age was found 18.37±16.13 months in cold knife ablation group and 12.70±11.03 months in diathermy fulguration group. Significant number (06/22.2%) of cases were associated with residual valve in diathermy fulguration group and non signicant number (301/3.7%) cases in cold knife ablation group . Significant number (04/14.8%) of cases were associated with post PUV ablation stricture urethra also in diathermy fulguration group and no stricture was found in cold knife ablation group . Significant hematuria. was present in 2(7.4%) in cold knife ablation group and 1(3.7%) in diathermy fulguration group.
Conclusion: This study concludes that use of cold knife in case of ablation of PUV causes less post ablation obstruction (residual valve and stricture urethra) than using diathermy fulguration and can be regarded a safe and better option for PUV treatment.
The Study of Impact of Tofu Industrial Waste Treatment Plant on Value of Chemical Oxygen Demand Level in Residents Well of Central Lamper Village, Semarang-Indonesia
Authors: Anugraheni Nabila Widya , Isworo Slamet 
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective: The existence of a tofu waste treatment plant in residential areas and reports from the public about the unpleasant odor in several wells made residents worried about the impact of the intrusion of tofu waste treatment plant waste. This study aims to assess the impact of possible intrusion of waste from tofu waste treatment plants into residents' wells.
Methods: This type of research is descriptive with a survey method. Samples from the research site were analyzed in the laboratory by the titration method based on the value of chemical oxygen demand, compared with Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 82 Th. 2001 concerning water quality management and water pollution control.
Results: The results of the measurement of the chemical oxygen demand value of the Bajak river were 51.8 mg/L (starting point) and 238 mg/L (end point). The value of chemical oxygen demand in resident wells is as follows: resident well 1 of 12.2 mg/L, resident well 2 of 9.12 mg/L, resident well 3 of 3.05 mg/L, residential well 4 mg/L of 33.05 mg/L. L, resident well 5 is 3.05 mg/L, resident well 6 is 15.2 mg/L, resident well 7 is 27.4 mg/L and resident well 8 is 3.05 mg/L.
Conclusion: The value of chemical oxygen demand in the Bajak river exceeds the quality standard, while the value of chemical oxygen demand in resident wells shows that the farther from the tofu waste treatment plant, the smaller the concentration value of chemical oxygen demand.
Study of YKL-40 Expression in Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: Case Controlled Study
Authors: EL-Setiha Ghada Abd EL-Maksoud , Amin Tarek El-Sayed , Mohammed Dareen Abd El-Aziz , Neinaa Yomna Mazid El-Hamd 
Published: September 2021

Background: Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disorder. The typical cutaneous lesions are papules and plaques covered with silvery scales distributed mainly on extensor aspects of extremities. The course and progression of the disease are unpredictable and vary in each patient. YKL-40 is a new inflammatory biomarker which may be involved the pathogenesis of the disease.
Objective: The aim of this study was to study YKL-40 expression in patients with psoriasis to evaluate its possible role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
Patients and Methods: This study included 30 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and 10 healthy individuals of matched age and sex served as a control group. Punch biopsies of four mm were taken from the skin of psoriatic patients as well as from corresponding sites of control subjects. All specimens were examined by both hematoxylin and eosin stain and anti-YKL-40 stain.
Results: The intensity of YKL-40 expression was upregulated in both epidermis and dermis of psoriatic skin in comparison with normal skin of control subjects. YKL-40 expression in psoriatic skin showed significant positive correlation with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score.
Conclusion: YKL-40 involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis manifested by its up-regulation in skin of psoriatic patients group in comparison to control group.
A Solvent Regulated Hydrogen Bond Crosslinking Strategy to Prepare Robust Hydrogel Paint for Oil/Water Separation
Authors: Bai Zhongxiang , Jia Kun , Liu Chenchen , Wang Lingling , Lin Guo , Huang Yumin , Liu Shuning , Liu Xiaobo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHydrogel modified porous matrix with the super‐wetting surface (i.e., super‐hydrophilic/underwater super‐oleophobic) is ideal for oil/water separation. However, the deterioration in mechanical strength and separation efficiency during the swelling process and complicated synthesis procedure limits its industrial application. In this study, a strategy of using ethanol to dynamically regulate the hydrogen bond crosslinking between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and tannic acid (TA) is proposed to prepare a “hydrogel paint”, which can be simply applied on the porous substrate surface by different one‐step operations (dipping, brushing, spraying, etc.) without additional cross‐linking. The underline mechanism is attributed to the re‐establishment of intermolecular hydrogen bond mediated cross‐linking between PVA and TA during ethanol evaporation. Consequently, the resultant hydrogel coating exhibits ultra‐high strength (>10 MPa), swelling volume stability, and excellent oil‐water separation efficiency (>99%). This study will provide new insights into the scalable fabrication of hydrogel‐coated porous materials for oil/water separation in industrial scenarios.
Organic Field Effect Transistor‐Based Photonic Synapses: Materials, Devices, and Applications
Authors: Zhang Qing , Jin Tengyu , Ye Xin , Geng Dechao , Chen Wei , Hu Wenping 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhotonic artificial synapses‐based neuromorphic computing systems have been regarded as promising candidates for replacing von Neumann‐based computing systems due to the high bandwidth, ultrafast signal transmission, low energy consumption, and wireless communication. Although significant progress has been made in developing varied device structures for synaptic emulation, organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) hold the compelling advantages of facile preparation, liable integration, and versatile structures. As a powerful and effective platform for photonic synapses, OFETs can fulfill not only the simulation of simple synaptic functions, but also complex photoelectric dual modulation and simulation of the visual system. Herein, an overview of OFET‐based photonic synapses, including functional materials, device configurations, and innovative applications is provided. Meanwhile, rules for selecting materials, mechanism of photoelectric conversion, and fabrication techniques of devices are also highlighted. Finally, challenges and opportunities are all discussed, providing solid guidance for multilevel memory, multi‐functional tandem artificial neural system, and artificial intelligence.
Smart Energy Bricks: Ti3C2@Polymer Electrochemical Energy Storage inside Bricks by 3D Printing
Authors: Vaghasiya Jayraj V. , Mayorga‐Martinez Carmen C. , Pumera Martin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) printing technology has a pronounced impact on building construction and energy storage devices. Here, the concept of integrating 3D‐printed electrochemical devices into insulation voids in construction bricks is demonstrated in order to create electrochemical energy storage as an integral part of home building. The low‐cost 3D‐printed supercapacitor (SC) electrodes are created using graphene/polylactic acid (PLA) filament in any desired shape such as 3D cylindrical‐ (3Dcy), disk‐ (3Ddc), and 3D rectangular‐ (3Drc) shaped electrodes. To obtain excellent capacitive performance, a Ti3C2@polypyrrole (PPy) hybrid is uniformly electroplated on the surface of 3D‐printed electrodes. These Ti3C2@PPy‐coated 3D‐printed electrodes exhibit outstanding electrical conductivity, capacitive performance, cycle life, and power density. The bricks themselves act as an excellent scaffold for electrochemical energy devices as they are electrically insulating, fire‐resistant, and contain substantial unused thermal insulation voids. A 3Drc Ti3C2@PPy SC is integrated into a real brick to showcase a smart house energy storage system that allows to reserve power in the bricks and use it as a power backup source in the event of a power outage in the elevator. This concept provides a platform for future truly smart buildings built from added value “smart brick” energy storage systems.
Microfluidic Tandem Mechanical Sorting System for Enhanced Cancer Stem Cell Isolation and Ingredient Screening
Authors: Jia Yuanyuan , Shen Peiliang , Yan Tao , Zhou Weijia , Sun Jia , Han Xin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRobust isolation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in a high‐throughput, label‐free manner is critical for understanding tumor heterogeneity and developing therapeutic strategies targeting CSCs. Cell‐mechanics‐based microfluidic sorting systems provide efficient and specific platforms for investigation of stem cell‐like characteristics on the basis of cell deformability and cell‐substrate adhesion properties. In the present study, a microfluidic tandem mechanical sorting system is developed to enrich CSCs with high flexibility and low adhesive capacity. In the integrated microfluidic system, cancer cells are driven by hydrodynamic forces to flow continuously through two featured devices, which are functionalized with sequentially variable microbarriers and surface‐coated fluid mixing microchannels, respectively. Collected deformable and low‐adhesive cancer cells exhibit enhanced stem cell‐like properties with higher stemness and metastasis capacity both in vitro and in vivo, compared with each single device separation. Using these devices, bioactive natural compound screening targeting CSCs is performed and a potent therapeutic compound isoliquiritigenin from licorice is identified to inhibit the lung cancer stem cell phenotype. Taken together, this microfluidic tandem mechanical sorting system can facilitate drug screening targeting CSCs and the analysis of signals regulating CSC function in drug resistance.
Persistent Organic White‐Emitting Afterglow from Ultralong Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Wang Yaguang , Sun Qikun , Yue Lingtai , Ma Jie , Yuan Shou , Liu Danfeng , Zhang Haichang , Xue Shanfeng , Yang Wenjun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe current organic white light emission is unabiding and excited by UV light. This work presents the first ultralong organic room‐temperature white‐emitting crystal from 2,6‐di(carbazol‐9‐yl)benzonitrile that emits prompt blue light and delayed white light. Impressively, this white afterglow is nondiscoloring and exhibits high photoluminescence (PL) efficiency over 6% and ultralong lifetime over 900 ms and can be excited at wide wavelengths of 300–520 nm. Single‐crystal analysis and room‐ and low‐temperature PL reveal that this V‐type double D–A molecule can adopt different twisted conformations to pack together and form two kinds of ultralong room‐temperature afterglow crystals, and the vertical conformation can greatly reduce the energy gap between the lowest singlet and triplet states and prolong the reverse intersystem crossing to enable persistent and visible‐light excitable hybrid white‐emitting afterglow consisting of ultralong thermally activated delayed fluorescence and room‐temperature phosphorescence.