bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disciplinary Action by Medical Boards and Prior Behavior in Medical School
Authors: Papadakis Maxine A. , Teherani Arianne , Banach Mary A. , Knettler Timothy R. , Rattner Susan L. , Stern David T. , Veloski J. Jon , Hodgson Carol S. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundEvidence supporting professionalism as a critical measure of competence in medical education is limited. In this case–control study, we investigated the association of disciplinary action against practicing physicians with prior unprofessional behavior in medical school. We also examined the specific types of behavior that are most predictive of disciplinary action against practicing physicians with unprofessional behavior in medical school.MethodsThe study included 235 graduates of three medical schools who were disciplined by one of 40 state medical boards between 1990 and 2003 (case physicians). The 469 control physicians were matched with the case physicians according to medical school and graduation year. Predictor variables from medical school included the presence or absence of narratives describing unprofessional behavior, grades, standardized-test scores, and demographic characteristics. Narratives were assigned an overall rating for unprofessional behavior. Those that met the threshold for unprofessional behavior were further classified among eight types of behavior and assigned a severity rating (moderate to severe).ResultsDisciplinary action by a medical board was strongly associated with prior unprofessional behavior in medical school (odds ratio, 3.0; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.9 to 4.8), for a population attributable risk of disciplinary action of 26 percent. The types of unprofessional behavior most strongly linked with disciplinary action were severe irresponsibility (odds ratio, 8.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.8 to 40.1) and severely diminished capacity for self-improvement (odds ratio, 3.1; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 8.2). Disciplinary action by a medical board was also associated with low scores on the Medical College Admission Test and poor grades in the first two years of medical school (one percent and seven percent population attributable risk, respectively), but the association with these variables was less strong than that with unprofessional behavior.ConclusionsIn this case–control study, disciplinary action among practicing physicians by medical boards was strongly associated with unprofessional behavior in medical school. Students with the strongest association were those who were described as irresponsible or as having diminished ability to improve their behavior. Professionalism should have a central role in medical academics and throughout one’s medical career.
Experimental Investigation of Thermal Performance of Aluminum Foil Coated with Polyester in a Direct Evaporative Cooling System
Authors: Taleb Abbas Magid , Nima Mohammed Abdulraouf 
Published: April 2021

An experimental study was carried out for an evaporative cooling system in order to investigate the effect of using an aluminum pad coated with fabric polyester. In the present work, it was considered to use a new different type of cooling medium and test its performance during the change in the wet-bulb temperature and dry-bulb temperature of the supply air outside of the pad, the relative humidity of the supply air, the amount of air supplied (300-600) CFM and also the change of the amount of circulated water (1.75, 2.5, 4.5) liter per minute. A decrease in the WBT of the air was obtained, whereas the WBT of the air entering the pad was 26.5 . In contrast, the WBT of the outside air had reached 23 even though evaporative cooling is an adiabatic process which makes the WBT of the air that comes out of the pad is equal to the entering air WBT. The decrease in DBT is by changing the amount of air and water passing through the aluminum pad, whereas the DBT of the air entering the pad was 45 , while the DBT of the outside air had reached 29 . Also, an essential thing was obtained as this rise in the relative humidity of the air is very small 57%RH compared to the conventional pads, and this gives a positive impression as the air supplied from this pad has less moisture and its ability to carry moisture is much higher than that of air supplied from other pads. This gives a positive impression because the air supplied from this pad has lower humidity and its ability to hold moisture much higher than the air supplied from other traditional pads.
The human vaginal microbial community dysbiosis contributes to the urinary tract infections during pregnancy: Case study of Gisenyi District Hospital, Rwanda
Authors: Yadufashije Callixte , Muhimpundu Liliane , Munyeshyaka Emmanuel , Mucumbitsi Joseph 
Published: April 2021

Background: Urinary tract Infections (UTIs) are the common infections during pregnancy. About 150 million UTIs occur every year globally, and 30% is attributed to pregnant women.
Aims and Objective: The study was carried out to observe the association with vaginal microbial community imbalance and urinary tract infections among pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: A total of 80 pregnant women were recruited. Of the 80 women, 40 were pregnant with UTI, and the remaining 40 were women without UTI. About 80 vaginal swab samples were collected and transported to INES clinical microbiology laboratory for microbiological analysis. Laboratory techniques including culture, gram stain, and biochemical tests were performed. ANOVA-2 was used for comparison, while chi square (χ2) was used to test for association.
Results: E. coli was predominant among women with UTIs while Lactobacilli predominated among women without UTIs. There was a statistical significance association with vaginal microbial community imbalance and urinary tract infection among pregnant women to Escherichia coli (χ2=9.97, p=0.0015), Staphylococcus epidermidis (χ2=5.12, p=0.023), Proteus spp (χ2=4.96, P=0.025), Citrobacter spp (χ2=32.51, P<0.00001), Streptococcus pyogenes (χ2=5.11, P=0.023), Staphylococcus sapropyticus (χ2=4.3, p=0.038) and Lactobacilli species (χ2=13.7, p=0.00021). The overall association (χ2=94.879, p<0.00001) with all isolated microorganisms and urinary tract infections was statistically significant. The odd ratio of pathogenic microorganisms to non-pathogenic was OR=4.98>1. For ANOVA-2, there was a higher microbial variation or differences among women with UTIs (F=7.241842) compared to women without UTIs (F= 4.71 ) in pregnancy trimesters.
Conclusion: Pregnancy is associated with vaginal microbial community imbalances which predispose women to urinary tract infections. Pregnant women should seek for medical assistance during pregnancy for early detection of urinary tract infections.
« L’expérience me l’apprend » : Marc Michel Rey et la presse en Hollande
Authors: Bahier-Porte Christelle 
Published: April 2021

Quelques années après son installation à Amsterdam, Marc Michel Rey prend en charge l’édition hollandaise du Journal des Savants entre 1749 et 1780. Rey conçoit ce périodique, qui enrichit l’édition parisienne de « nouvelles intéressantes » venues de toute l’Europe, comme un lieu de diffusion de l’information scientifique et littéraire, fondé sur une écriture collective, profitant de la liberté d’imprimer plus grande en Hollande qu’à Paris. C’est cette conception qu’il défend lorsqu’il envisage de publier un nouveau périodique avec La Beaumelle, vantant son « expérience » de libraire et d’éditeur de presse. L’article, en se fondant notamment sur la correspondance de Rey, rend compte du rôle qu’entend jouer le libraire éditeur de presse dans la diffusion des savoirs et des idées à l’échelle européenne.
Improved cephalic index following early cranial vault remodeling in patients with isolated nonsyndromic sagittal synostosis
Authors: Frostell Arvid , Haghighi Maryam , Bartek Jiri , Sandvik Ulrika , Gustavsson Bengt , Elmi-Terander Adrian , Edström Erik 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE
Isolated nonsyndromic sagittal synostosis (SS) is the most common form of craniosynostosis in children, accounting for approximately 60% of all craniosynostoses. The typical cranial measurement used to define and follow SS is the cephalic index (CI). Several surgical techniques have been suggested, but agreement on type and timing of surgery is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the authors’ institutional experience of surgically treating SS using a modified subtotal cranial vault remodeling technique in a population-based cohort. Special attention was directed toward the effect of patient age at time of surgery on long-term CI outcome.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on all patients with isolated nonsyndromic SS who were surgically treated from 2003 to 2011. Data from electronic medical records were gathered. Eighty-two patients with SS were identified, 77 fulfilled inclusion criteria, and 72 had sufficient follow-up data and were included. CI during follow-up after surgery was investigated with ANOVA and a linear mixed model.

RESULTS
In total, 72 patients were analyzed, consisting of 16 females (22%) and 56 males (78%). The mean ± SD age at surgery was 4.1 ± 3.1 months. Blood transfusions were received by 81% of patients (26% intraoperatively, 64% postoperatively, 9% both). The mean ± SD time in the pediatric ICU was 1.1 ± 0.25 days, and the mean ± SD total hospital length of stay was 4.6 ± 2.0 days. No patient required reoperation. The mean ± SD CI increased from 69 ± 3 to 87 ± 5 for patients who underwent surgery before 45 days of age. Surgery resulted in a larger increase in CI for patients who underwent surgery at a younger age compared with older patients (p < 0.05, Tukey’s HSD test). In the comparison of patients who underwent surgery before 45 days of age with patients who underwent surgery at 45–90, 90–180, and more than 180 days of age, the linear mixed model estimated a long-term loss of CI of 3.0, 5.5, and 7.4 points, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The modified subtotal cranial vault remodeling technique used in this study significantly improved CI in patients with SS. The best results were achieved when surgery was performed early in life.
The need for overcorrection: evaluation of computer-assisted, virtually planned, fronto-orbital advancement using postoperative 3D photography
Authors: Frank Nicole , Beinemann Joerg , Thieringer Florian M. , Benitez Benito K. , Kunz Christoph , Guzman Raphael , Soleman Jehuda 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE
The main indication for craniofacial remodeling of craniosynostosis is to correct the deformity, but potential increased intracranial pressure resulting in neurocognitive damage and neuropsychological disadvantages cannot be neglected. The relapse rate after fronto-orbital advancement (FOA) seems to be high; however, to date, objective measurement techniques do not exist. The aim of this study was to quantify the outcome of FOA using computer-assisted design (CAD) and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAM) to create individualized 3D-printed templates for correction of craniosynostosis, using postoperative 3D photographic head and face surface scans during follow-up.

METHODS
The authors included all patients who underwent FOA between 2014 and 2020 with individualized, CAD/CAM-based, 3D-printed templates and received postoperative 3D photographic face and head scans at follow-up. Since 2016, the authors have routinely planned an additional “overcorrection” of 3 mm to the CAD-based FOA correction of the affected side(s). The virtually planned supraorbital angle for FOA correction was compared with the postoperative supraorbital angle measured on postoperative 3D photographic head and face surface scans. The primary outcome was the delta between the planned CAD/CAM FOA correction and that achieved based on 3D photographs. Secondary outcomes included outcomes with and those without “overcorrection,” time of surgery, blood loss, and morbidity.

RESULTS
Short-term follow-up (mean 9 months after surgery; 14 patients) showed a delta of 12° between the planned and achieved supraorbital angle. Long-term follow-up (mean 23 months; 8 patients) showed stagnant supraorbital angles without a significant increase in relapse. Postsurgical supraorbital angles after an additionally planned overcorrection (of 3 mm) of the affected side showed a mean delta of 11° versus 14° without overcorrection. The perioperative and postoperative complication rates of the whole cohort (n = 36) were very low, and the mean (SD) intraoperative blood loss was 128 (60) ml with a mean (SD) transfused red blood cell volume of 133 (67) ml.

CONCLUSIONS
Postoperative measurement of the applied FOA on 3D photographs is a feasible and objective method for assessment of surgical results. The delta between the FOA correction planned with CAD/CAM and the achieved correction can be analyzed on postoperative 3D photographs. In the future, calculation of the amount of “overcorrection” needed to avoid relapse of the affected side(s) after FOA may be possible with the aid of these techniques.
Quantitative and qualitative comparison of morphometric outcomes after endoscopic and conventional correction of sagittal and metopic craniosynostosis versus control groups
Authors: Schulz Matthias , Liebe-Püschel Linda , Seelbach Karl , Paulikat Laura , Fehlhaber Felix , Schwarz Karin , Blecher Christoph , Thomale Ulrich-Wilhelm 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE
Surgical correction for sagittal and metopic craniosynostosis (SCS and MCS) aims to alter the abnormal cranial shape to resemble that of the normal population. The achieved correction can be assessed by morphometric parameters. The purpose of the presented study was to compare craniometric parameters of control groups to those same parameters after endoscopic and conventional (open) correction.

METHODS
The authors identified 4 groups of children undergoing surgical treatment for either SCS or MCS, with either endoscopic (SCS, n = 17; MCS, n = 16) or conventional (SCS, n = 29; MCS, n = 18) correction. In addition, normal control groups of nonaffected children who were 6 (n = 30) and 24 (n = 18) months old were evaluated. For all groups, several craniometric indices calculated from 3D photographs were compared for quantitative analysis. For qualitative comparison, averages of all 3D photographs were generated for all groups and superimposed to visualize relative changes.

RESULTS
For children with SCS, the cephalic index and coronal circumference index significantly differed preoperatively from those of the 6-month normal controls. The respective postoperative values were similar to those of the 24-month normal controls after both endoscopic and conventional correction. Similarly, for children with MCS, indices for circumference and diagonal dimension that were significantly different preoperatively became nonsignificantly different from those of 24-month normal controls after both endoscopic and conventional correction. The qualitative evaluation of superimposed average 3D head shapes confirmed changes toward normal controls after both treatment modalities for SCS and MCS. However, in SCS, the volume gain, especially in the biparietal area, was more noticeable after endoscopic correction, while in MCS, relative volume gain of the bilateral forehead was more pronounced after conventional correction. The average 3D head shapes matched more homogeneously with the average of normal controls after endoscopic correction for SCS and after conventional correction for MCS.

CONCLUSIONS
This quantitative analysis confirms that the performed surgical techniques of endoscopic and conventional correction of SCS and MCS alter the head shape toward those of normal controls. However, in a qualitative evaluation, the average head shape after endoscopic technique for SCS and conventional correction for MCS appears to be closer to that of normal controls than after the alternative technique. This study reports on morphometric outcomes after craniosynostosis correction. Only an assessment of the whole multiplicity of outcome parameters based on multicenter data acquisition will allow conclusions of superiority of one surgical technique.
THE FEATURES OF THE BIOMECHANICS IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS ON THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES OF THE GROIN
Authors: Omelchenko Anastasia , Ioffe Oleksandr , Kovalchuk Oleksandr , Nehria Natalia , Reznychenko Boris , Kryvopustov Mykola , Sergiіenko Valentyn , Danilchenko Vladyslav , Dibrova Yuriy , Stetsenko Oleksandr , Tsiura Yuriy , Kindzer Stepan , Tarasiuk Tetyana 
Published: April 2021

Pain in the lower abdomen and groin can oc- cur in athletes who perform sharp lower extrem- ity movement during training or sports, make sharp turns and change direction of the trunk movement as well as lower extremity accelera- tion/deceleration. An excessive load during the sports game can disturb the biomechanics of the player’s movements. A precise localization of damaged tissues can improve for the diagnosis, determining treatment and forecasting the time ofreturn to sports.
The aim was to estimate the importance of the football biomechanics movement for the anato- my of the groin and to determine the anatomi- cal features of the groin in football players with sports hernia.
We analysed the thickness and length measure- ments on MRI of the rectus abdominis muscle in 51 football players of professional and amateur clubs aged 17 to 33 years with groin pain who were treated at the Kyiv Clinical City Hospital No3 for the period 2014-2020. In the second stage of the study, we investigated the peak force of the abdominal muscles (rectus abdominis, exter- nal oblique abdominal muscles) and the adductor muscles of both lower extremities using the mi- croFET2 dynamometer for 4 groups of football players. The first group of the study includes 15 football players of professional clubs with sports hernia who had received conservative treatment, the partipants of the second group are 36 football players after laparoscopic hernioplasty, the third group consisted of 54 healthy young football players and 11 teenage footballers. In the third stage of the study, a formula was substantiated, according to which we calculated the accelera- tion of the lower extremity when kicking the ball.

The results of the study demostrate that the disruption of the lower extremity biomechanics during kicking the ball cause the appearance of sports hernia in football players. An axial MRI scan of groin areas of football players with sports hernia represented changes in the lateral edge of the rectus abdominis. The groin pain syndrome of football players with sports hernia includes three pathogenetic mechanisms of development: dis- ruption of the biomechanics, muscle imbalance and microtrauma and inflammation.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGAJAR GURU DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJAAN JIGSAW MELALUI IN HOUSE TRAINING
Authors: Rusiati Rusiati 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian tindakan sekolah ini adalah 1) Pembelajaran model jigsaw dapat meningkatkan proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran melalui in house training di SDN 4 Wonoboyo tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. 2) Pembelajaran model jigsaw dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mengajar guru 3) Pembelajaran Model Jigsaw dapat meningkatkan perubahan perilaku guru.Penelitian ini didesain dalam dua siklus. Prosedur siklus mencakup tahap-tahap : 1) perencanaan tindakan perbaikan, 2) pelaksanaan tindakan, 3) analisis dan refleksi, 4) tindak lanjut. Data hasil observasi dideskripsikan, diinterpretasikan, kemudian direfleksi untuk menentukan tindakan perbaikan pada siklus berikutnya. Data hasil tes hasil belajar dianalisis antar siklus hingga hasilnya dapat mencapai batas tuntas sesuai indikator kinerja, yakni 1) mencapai ketuntasan klasikal proses pembelajaran 83%, 2) memperoleh ketuntasan kemampuan belajar mencapai 83% 3)Mencapai perubahan perilaku 83% dari jumlah peserta keseluruhan.Berdasarkan tindakan yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut : 1) Persentase proses pembelajaran pada prasiklus diperoleh rata-rata persentase sebesar 16,67% dengan kategori kurang baik. Pada siklus I diperoleh rata-rata persentase sebesar 61,11% berada pada kategori cukup baik. Pada siklus II diperoleh rata-rata persentase sebesar 88,89% berada pada kategori baik 2) Peningkatan ini ditunjukkan dengan persentase ketuntasan pada prasiklus 50%, pada Siklus I yang tuntas menjadi 83,33% dan pada siklus II menjadi 100%.Kata kunci : In House Training,Model Jigsaw,Proses Pembelajaran,Kemampuan Mengajar dan Perilaku pembelajaran
Pengaruh Coaching Dan Mentoring Terhadap Perkembangan Umkm Fashion Serta Orientasi Yang 1 1 Dimediasi Kewirausahaan
Authors: Rifai Danang , Dewi Ratnasari , Kartika Amelia 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is: to examine the effect of coaching and mentoring on the development of UMKM Fashion in supporting areas of the capital city. This research was conducted at UMKM Fashion conducted by young men and women of the millennial generation. While the study population was reviewed at SMEs Fashion in the Greater Tangerang area. The sample of this study consisted of 70 UMKM Fashion Distros in Tangerang Regency, Tangerang City and South Tangerang City. The sampling technique is multistage sampling which consists of the first simple random sampling in order to determine the greater Tangerang area that has UMKM Fashion, the second is purposive sampling in order to determine the sample in each mapping area that has been determined as a member of the coaching and mentoring of the local entrepreneurship body, and the third convenience sampling method used in determining samples based on respondents selected in stage two who were willing to attend. At the time of sampling activities researchers will collaborate with representatives of leading fashion business associations associations in each region. Data collection using a questionnaire system. The statistical methods used by researchers are the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) Method for testing validity, the Cronbach Alpha Method for testing reliability, and the Baron & Kenny method for testing hypotheses. In this study, researchers obtained a research result that showed that coaching and mentoring had a positiveeffect on the development of Fashion UMKM and the Regional Entrepreneurship Agency played a positive role in mediating the development of UMKM.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Monitoring Pembayaran Angsuran Nasabah Bank Mandiri
Authors: Purnomo Andri Cahyo , Wahyuni Sri , Aruan Andi 
Published: April 2021

Computers are electronic devices for processing data used by banks, government and other private institutions. The use of this computer must be in accordance with the needs of the organization that uses it, both software and hardware so that the computer can be used as well as possible. Bank Mandiri is a state-owned bank engaged in services, of course, wants to provide the best service for its customers. In providing information about installments at Bank Mandiri Unit Cikupa Niaga Mas 2 (CNM 2), currently it has a computerized system and is running well, but only independent bank employees can use the system, while debtors still use the manual system. using HVS paper as an information medium. A system that can provide information about debtor installments quickly and accurately is needed. This study is interested in discussing the installment data information system for Bank Mandiri Cikupa Niaga Mas 2 (CNM 2) customers which aims to optimize the provision of better information services for customers of Bank Mandiri Cikupa Niaga mas 2 (CNM 2). In this study, using the analysis of the pieces method, the authors can easily identify the weaknesses that exist in the old system which results in recommendations for system improvements based on indicators of Performance, Information, Economic, Control, Efficiency, and Service, then to make a design. In the new system, researchers use object-oriented modeling, namely UML (Unified Modeling Language) which is the right tool to use in describing the design of the system that will be loaded according to user needs. It is hoped that the Bank Mandiri customer installment system will make it easier for customers to find out about the ongoing installments.