bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Será a psicanálise uma pseudociência? Reavaliando a doutrina utilizando uma lista de multicritérios
Authors: Ferreira Clarice de Medeiros Chaves 
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A psicanálise já foi classificada como pseudociência no passado. Karl Popper foi um daqueles que traçou objeções à doutrina psicanalítica, usando do critério da falseabilidade. Entretanto, a falseabilidade não pode mais ser considerada suficiente para resolver o problema, já que implica em dificuldades consideráveis, e melhores alternativas para abordar a questão estão disponíveis. Objetivo: Este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar o status científico da psicanálise em relação ao problema da demarcação. Método: Para fazer isso, o critério de Sven Ove Hansson foi utilizado: este consiste em um conjunto de condições suficientes e necessárias, que é complementado com uma lista de multicritérios que auxiliam a identificar pseudociências. Foi analisado o quanto a psicanálise se encaixava em cada um dos sete itens da lista de Hansson, além de ser proposta a adição de um oitavo item. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a psicanálise era compatível com todos os oito itens da lista de demarcação de pseudociências. Conclusão: Ao final, a conclusão foi de que mesmo que a falseabilidade deva ser descartada, as evidências sugerem que ainda temos motivos suficientes para afirmar que a psicanálise é uma pseudociência, já que ela se distancia significativamente dos padrões de qualidade científicos.
Development of Nifedipine sublingual tablets using disintegrants as release modifiers
Authors: Swapna G  , Sesha Maheswaramma K  , Hemalatha S  , Bhaskar Reddy K  
Published: October 2021

The current study mainly focused on treating cardiovascular diseases such as angina pectoris and chronic hypertension by modifying the existing commercial tablet available for Nifedipine. The limitation of Nifedipine is poor solubility, which comes under BCS class II drug category, which needs improvement in formulation to achieve better bioavailability. The objective of this research work is to enhance the oral bioavailability (first-pass metabolism in the liver (42–56%)) of Nifedipine by improving dissolution property. Sublingual fast dissolving tablets of Nifedipine formulated by sublimation method, designed to increase its disintegration time in the presence of saliva. This formulation is helpful for paediatric and geriatric patients who are unable to swallow the conventional tablet. Sublimation of camphor makes the tablet more porous and improve disintegration time as well. The direct compression method is used with different ratio of Croscarmellose Sodium (CS) and Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) as super disintegrants to formulate Nifedipine loaded Sublingual tablets. All formulations contain various ratio between super disintegrants and camphor, followed by the sublimation method. FTIR and DSC studies were conducted to investigate compatibility between drugs and disintegrants. Formulated tablets were subjected for precompression parameters, e.g., bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, angle of repose and for post-compression parameters, e.g. weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, drug content, wetting time, disintegration time followed by dissolution study and found satisfactory as per IP.
A Review: Saccharin Discovery, Synthesis, and Applications
Authors: Mahmood Ammar A. Razzak , Al-Juboori Sahar B. 
Published: October 2021

Saccharin is firstly synthesized in 1879. It is a very well-known as an inexpensive substitute for sugar as it is a non-caloric sweetener. The article shows the properties, use, metabolism and various synthesis and reactions of saccharine. Moreover, the toxicological reports explain that saccharin is mostly responsible for the bladder tumors observed in the male rats, the relationship between the consumption of saccharin and bladder cancer is afforded by epidemiological studies. The benefit-risk evaluation for saccharin is hardly to indicate. Saccharin is a sugar substitute, frequently used either in food industry, or in pharmaceutical formulations and even in tobacco products. The chemistry of saccharin is interesting because of it suspected carcinogenous character and the possible use as an antidote for metal poisoning. It appears prudent to evaluate their main properties and applications further.
Zakat Fitrah kepada Dukun Bayi dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Hidayat Moh Taufik , Handayani Tri , Adzkiya Ubbadul 
Published: October 2021

The implementation of zakat fitrah is generally left to the amil zakat, so that the practice of zakat goes well according to the guidance of Islamic law, meaning that muzakki pays zakat really mustahik also receive according to conditions as a group that is entitled to receive zakat fitrah. The zakat fitrah manager in Lipursari Village, residents who have children under the age of 2 years, issue zakat directly to their dukun and not through the zakat fitrah manager (Amil) at the local mosque.
The focus in this article is to describe the practice of distributing zakat fitrah to traditional birth attendants, how Islamic law views the practice of distributing zakat fitrah to traditional birth attendants, and the obstacles that occur in the distribution of zakat. The type of research carried out by researchers is field research or field research conducted in the village of Lipursari. The author uses data collection methods, namely interviews. Sources of data in this study are sourced from primary data and secondary data sources. Then the writer analyzed using descriptive analysis method using a qualitative approach. The results showed: The practice of Zakat Fitrah to traditional birth attendants in the village of Lipursari was not in accordance with the Zakat Law no. 23 of 2011. However, the distribution of zakat fitrah is allowed, it is because one of the customs that is running or carried out by the local community has existed for a long time and has been passed down from generation to generation. The traditional birth attendant in the village of Lipursari is included in the group of people who are entitled to receive zakat fitrah. This is because the people in Lipursasi village are mostly farmers, so the traditional birth attendants do not burden the local community to give large amounts of wages, because basically the traditional birth attendant has the principle of ta'awun or help for the common welfare.
Gadai dan Investasi Emas: Antara Konsep dan Implementasi
Authors: Safarida Nanda 
Published: October 2021

Pawn services, particularly Islamic pawn services in gold (rahn) is one of Islamic banks product that distributes short term financing to consumers without repayment (qardh) in order to mutual assistance principle (tabarru’). Gold pawning services could be an alternative for consumers to get easy money and have a fast process in sharia way. Yet this gold pawning services turn to be speculative investment in practice that contrast with sharia principle and the same time it raises quention on how strong the commitment of all stakeholders to pursue the sharia principle. This study aims to analyze the concept and various problems indication in gold pawning services implementation. Descriptive analytic method is applied to analyze secondary data related to its problems. The result of the study indicate that to ensure the practice of pawning gold does not become speculative motive, it’s necessary to have a clear and binding regulations on how the pawning practice should be carried out. These regulations must also be followed by strict sanctions. In addition, ensuring the gold pawn financing is channeled to the real sector will help prevent the emergence of speculators. On the other hand, the public as customer should be aware of risks on combining product of gold pawn financing and gold investment because big profits in any investment are always followed by high risks. Finally, Participated and strong commitment of all stakeholders are the comprehensive answer in order to pursue maqasid sharia.
Effect of alpha-monolaurin on perfomance of fattening pigs under industrial conditions
Authors: Potapova L. V. , Zhuravlev M. S. , Buryakov N. P. , Ezerskaya Yu. A. 
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Monoglycerides of organic acids are considered as a promising replacement for feed antibiotics in the diets of pigs and poultry, as they have pronounced bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties. Alpha-monolaurin is a one of the most promising compound, which has a significant antibacterial effect on gram-positive microorganisms.Methods. The experiment was carried out at one of the pig farms of the Rostov region on September 5–27, 2020 on fattening pigs weighing from 36 kg and up to achievinga live weight of 75 kg. Piglets of the experimental group received 0.4 kg/t of alpha-monolaurin as part of the premix for compound feed CK-5. In the conditions of the production site, control weighing was carried out before the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Weight gain, feed consumption, survival rate and feed conversion were recorded.Results. The possibility of using alpha-monoglyceride lauric acid (GML, glycerol monolaurate) in the ration of pigs of the first period of fattening under the industrial conditions of an operating pig farm has been studied. It has been found that alphamonolaurin improves feed conversion, reduces feed intake, and also increases the survival rate of fattening pigs. The use of alpha-monolaurin led to an increase in the economic efficiency of raising pigs by 37.63 rubles/head, or 1:2.38 ROI.
Pengaruh Media Sosial Terhadap Akhlakul Karimah Remaja Desa Air Gegas
Authors: Ridoni Ridoni , Putri Dian Puspita eka , Wulandari Gita , Sari Novita , Tamila Rizky 
Published: October 2021

Adolescence is a period that shows the nature of the transition from childhood to adolescence. Social media has a huge impact on the morals of teenagers today. Simple examples are not uncommon for teenagers' daily activities to be shared via social media. As is evident in Air Gegas Village, they are accustomed to being educated and nurtured by their parents to do, namely good deeds (behavior), but on the other hand, there are still some teenagers who have bad morals. So that it can result in them being influenced by the social media they use in everyday life without any direct filter from parents. Because the impact of that action can affect the morals of a teenager. This research uses quantitative methods. This research will also measure the level of use of social media. Akhlakul karimah in Air Gegas village increased by a value of 956. This shows that the existing Social Media variables contribute positively to morals, so that the more complete social media is, the more akhlakul karimah teenagers in Air Gegas Village will increase. There is an influence of social media on the morals of teenagers in Air Gegas Village.
Remaja merupakan masa yang menunjukkan sifat transisi dari kanak-kanak menjadi remaja. Media sosial membawa dampak sangat besar terhadap akhlakul karimah remaja di masa sekarang. Contoh sederhana tidak jarang aktivitas sehari-hari remaja di bagikan lewat media sosial. Seperti yang nyata terjadi di Desa Air Gegas, mereka terbiasa dididik dan diasuh oleh kedua orang tuanya untuk melakukan, yakni perbuatan (perilaku) yang baik, namun disisi yang lain, masih terdapat beberapa remaja yang memiliki akhlak yang kurang baik. Sehingga dapat mengakibatkan mereka terpengaruh oleh media sosial yang digunakannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari tanpa ada filter dari orang tua secara langsung. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari perbuatan itu dapat mempengaruhi akhlakul karimah seorang remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kuantitatif.Penelitian ini dilakukan akan diukur pula tingkat penggunaan media social. akhlakul karimah desa Air Gegas meningkat sebesar nilai 956. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa variabel Media Sosial yang ada berkontribusi positif bagi akhlakul karimah, sehingga makin komplet Media Sosial, makin meningkat pula akhlakul karimah remaja Desa Air Gegas.Ada pengaruh media sosial terhadap akhlakul karimah remaja desa Air Gegas.
Valoración hedónica del canon de alquiler de la vivienda en Cartagena de Indias
Authors: Mendez-Florez Jessica Patricia , Orozco-Gallo Antonio José 
Published: October 2021

Este documento fue diseñado como parte de un trabajo de grado para optar al título de Economistas por la universidad de Cartagena, cuyo objetivo fundamental, fue explicar los precios de la vivienda en alquiler en Cartagena de Indias para los sectores 01-02, en función de sus características con la metodología de los Precios Hedónicos. De igual forma en el trabajo se implementaron metodologías como la transformación Box-Cox y el Método de Máxima Verosimilitud, con el fin de hacer más confiable y rigurosa la investigación.Palabras Clave: Precios Hedónicos, Transformación Box-Cox, Canon de Alquiler, Máxima Verosimilitud.
Analisis Kebijakan Kepala Sekolah dalam Proses Pembelajaran Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Yazid Hendri , Marjanis Marjanis , Gistituati Nurhizrah , Marsidin Sufyarma 
Published: October 2021

The principal is a school policy maker. During this Covid-19 pandemic, the Principal must think about how the education he leads is so that the teaching and learning process can run properly. This Research aims to find out how the Principal’s policies in implementing online learning for teachers and students during the COVID19 Pandemic. With the hope that students get quality education and can be achieved optimally. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach with field studies. The research's object was Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah Negeri 3 Padang, and the research subject is the principal and teachers. Data sources were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used was data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results indicated that the principal of Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah Negeri 3 Padang had the policy to implement face-to-face learning and the number of students based on the health protocol. Principals, class-teachers, subject-teachers, and guardians of the students work together to make the policy successful.
Pendapatan Nelayan Pencari Kepiting Bakau Di Desa Pasar Ngalam Kecamatan Air Periukan Kabupaten Seluma Propinsi Bengkulu
Authors: Feni Rita , Marwan Edy , Mufriantie Fithri , Sukardi Sukardi 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine whether or not the mangrove crab seeker business Desa Pasar Ngalam Kecamatan Air Periukan Kabupaten of Seluma regency is profitable. The method used in this research was the census, and questionnaire was used as instrument to retrieve data. On the other hand, 19 mangrove crabs seekers as respondents of the study. The results of analysis indicate that the average income earned by the mangrove crab seeker Desa Pasar Ngalam Kecamatan Air Periukan Kabupaten Seluma Regency is about Rp. 274.966, 20 per month
The Oncology Safety of Diagnostic Hysteroscopy in Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Du Yi , Xu Yu , Qin Zhaojuan , Sun Liang , Chen Yali , Han Ling , Zheng Ai 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundHysteroscopy is becoming a common method for the diagnosis of uterine disorders in developed countries. However, hysteroscopy might worsen the prognosis of endometrial cancer because it could cause cancer dissemination into the peritoneal cavity through the fallopian tubes. Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the oncological safety of hysteroscopy for early-stage endometrial cancer.Search StrategyEligible studies were obtained from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to September 22, 2020.Selection CriteriaStudies which compared the oncological safety of hysteroscopy with other methods were included.Data Collection and AnalysisA total of 3980 patients were included in this study, of whom1357 patients had undergone hysteroscopy and2623 had not.Main ResultsThere was no significant association between hysteroscopy and worse prognosis in early-stage endometrial cancer [disease-free survival: log risk ratio(logRR) -0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.54 to 0.1; p=0.97; overall survival: logRR 0.03; 95% CI, -0.05 to 0.11; p=0.02; disease-specific survival: logRR 0.03; 95% CI, -0.03 to 0.10; p=0.00].ConclusionThis study suggests that hysteroscopy is a safe diagnostic and treatment method, and has no significant effect on the prognosis of early-stage endometrial cancer.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO registration number: CRD42020193696.
Geographical, Socioeconomic, and Gender Inequalities in Opioid Use in Catalonia
Authors: Serra-Pujadas Sara , Alonso-Buxadé Cristina , Serra-Colomer Júlia , Folguera Júlia , Carrilero Neus , García-Altés Anna 
Published: October 2021

Background: In recent years, worldwide opioid use has seen a sharp increase, especially for the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. Catalonia is no exception to this trend. However, no recent studies have addressed the socioeconomic and gender inequalities in opioid use in the different geographical areas of Catalonia.Methods: We performed an ecological study to analyse the associations between socioeconomic status, gender and the use of opioids in the 372 Health Areas of Catalonia. Robust Poisson models were performed to analyse the data provided from the Central Register of Insured Persons and dispensing data from the Electronic Prescription Database.Results: The results show that socioeconomic status has a major impact on opioid use, with the most deprived areas presenting the highest levels of use. There are major inequalities in the DDD/1,000 inhabitants per areas. Moreover, women have much higher utilization rates than men, especially in more deprived areas. The greatest difference is observed in the use of weak opioids in women: the DDD/1,000 inhabitants per day was 2.34 in the area with the lowest use, compared with 22.18 in the area with the highest use.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that stronger action is needed to promote best practices in prescribing for chronic pain and to reduce socioeconomic and gender variation between geographical areas. This study provides a model for routine monitoring of opioid prescription for targeted interventions aimed at lowering high-dose consumption in specifically identified areas.
Prospects for the Post-Crisis Economic Recovery of St. Petersburg with Allowance for the Digitalization Factor
Authors: Makarov M. Yu. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to determine the prospects for the economic recovery of St. Petersburg after the recession caused by the COVID-19 pandemic with allowance for the digitalization factor and to evaluate directions for its development.Tasks. The authors theoretically analyze the impact of crisis factors on the economy of St. Petersburg and assess the prospects for its recovery with allowance for the digitalization factor; identify the factors of the economic crisis in Russia and St. Petersburg under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic; describe the potential advantages of using digitalization tools to restore the economy of Russia and St. Petersburg.Methods. This study uses an integrated approach based on the economic-statistical and general scientific methods, methods of analogy, comparative analysis and systematization, as well as mathematical analysis and online survey.Results. Theoretical analysis of scientific literature makes it possible to assess the impact of crisis factors on the economy of St. Petersburg and prospects for its recovery in the context of digitalization. Factors of the economic crisis in Russia and St. Petersburg that has developed under the influence of the pandemic are identified, and the potential advantages of digitalization in the economic recovery of Russia and St. Petersburg are examined.Conclusions. It is determined that St. Petersburg has potential advantages in digitalization and the pace of introduction of digital technologies for economic recovery compared with other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. These advantages include the widespread use of broadband Internet by households, digital sales, intensive use of digital technologies in the business sector, advanced telecommunications infrastructure, etc. Some of the largest companies in St. Petersburg are successfully implementing a digital transformation strategy. Analysis shows the potential advantages and directions for the development of digitalization in the economic recovery of Russia and some of its regions, including St. Petersburg.
PENGARUH MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR TEMATIK TERPADU MUATAN IPS SISWA KELAS IV SDN 101/II MUARA BUNGO
Authors: Anggraini Yeni Anggraini , Prananda Gingga , Pratama Deded 
Published: October 2021

Hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS masih banyak yang belum mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum (KKM), hal ini karena kurangnya teknik yang diterapkan untuk membantu proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan Team Assisted Individualization terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS materi Lingkungan Tempat Tinggalku pada siswa kelas IV SDN 101/II Muara Bungo. Jenis penelitian eksperimen ini berbentuk Quasy Experimental Design (Nonequivalent control group design). Sampel di ambil secara purposive sampling dan di bagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Instrumen penelitian yang di gunakan adalah Tes Pilihan ganda. Teknik pengumpulan data yang di gunakan adalah pre-test dan post-test dengan membandingkan hasil akhir (post-test) siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pada pengaruh model kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualization terhadap hasil belajar IPS. Hal tersebut di buktikan dari rata-rata post-test yaitu dengan pengaruh model kooperatif Team Assisted Individualizatio sebesar 76,52 sedangkan dengan metode konvensional sebesar 66,13. Hasil penelitian di kelas eksperimen dimana nilai tertinggi 95, dan di kelas kontrol nilai tertinggi nya sebesar 95. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t (t-test) dari hasil perhitungan yang diperoleh sig < (0,000 < 0,05) dan (0,40 < 0,05) yang berarti uji t tidak berada pada daerah penerimaan H0 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima pada taraf nyata 0,05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan Team Assisted Individualization memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas IVA SDN 101/II Muara Bungo.
Kata Kunci : Model Pembelajaran Team Assisted Individualization