bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Evaluation of the Clinico-Pathological Characteristics, Treatment Strategies and Prognostic Factors in a Monocentric Retrospective Series (n=143)
Authors: Rastrelli Marco , Del Fiore Paolo , Russo Irene , Tartaglia Jacopo , Dal Monico Alessandro , Cappellesso Rocco , Nicolè Lorenzo , Piccin Luisa , Fabozzi Alessio , Biffoli Bernardo , Di Prata Claudia , Ferrazzi Beatrice , Dall’Olmo Luigi , Vecchiato Antonella , Spina Romina , Russano Francesco , Bezzon Elisabetta , Cingarlini Sara , Mazzarotto Renzo , Parisi Alessandro , Scarzello Giovanni , Pigozzo Jacopo , Brambullo Tito , Tropea Saveria , Vindigni Vincenzo , Bassetto Franco , Bertin Daniele , Gregianin Michele , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Cavallin Francesco , Alaibac Mauro , Chiarion-Sileni Vanna , Mocellin Simone 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the skin. The incidence of the disease has undergone a significant increase in recent years, which is caused by an increase in the average age of the population and in the use of immunosuppressive therapies. MCC is an aggressive pathology, which metastasizes early to the lymph nodes. These characteristics impose an accurate diagnostic analysis of the regional lymph node district with radiography, clinical examination and sentinel node biopsy. In recent years, there has been a breakthrough in the treatment of the advanced pathology thanks to the introduction of monoclonal antibodies acting on the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. This study aimed to describe the clinico-pathological characteristics, treatment strategies and prognostic factors of MCC.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 143 consecutive patients who were diagnosed and/or treated for MCC. These patients were referred to the Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS and to the University Hospital of Padua (a third-level center) in the period between December 1991 and January 2020. In the majority of cases, diagnosis took place at the IOV. However, some patients were diagnosed elsewhere and subsequently referred to the IOV for a review of the diagnosis or to begin specific therapeutic regimens.Results143 patients, with an average age of 71 years, were affected mainly with autoimmune and neoplastic comorbidities. Our analysis has shown that age, autoimmune comorbidities and the use of therapy with immunomodulating drugs (which include corticosteroids, statins and beta-blockers) are associated with a negative prognosis. In this sense, male sex is also a negative prognostic factor.ConclusionsAutoimmune and neoplastic comorbidities were frequent in the studied population. The use of drugs with immunomodulatory effects was also found to be a common feature of the population under examination. The use of this type of medication is considered a negative prognostic factor. The relevance of a multidisciplinary approach to the patient with MCC is confirmed, with the aim of assessing the risks and benefits related to the use of immunomodulating therapy in the individual patient.
Comparison of the Oncological Efficacy Between Intraoperative Radiotherapy With Whole-Breast Irradiation for Early Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: He Lin , Zhou Jiejing , Qi Yuhong , He Dongjie , Yuan Canliang , Chang Hao , Wang Qiming , Li Gaiyan , Shao Qiuju 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundIntraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) and whole-breast irradiation (WBI) are both effective radiotherapeutic interventions for early breast cancer patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery; however, an issue on whether which one can entail the better prognosis is still controversial. Our study aimed to investigate the 5-year oncological efficacy of the IORT cohort and the WBI cohort, respectively, and compare the oncological efficacy between the cohorts.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a computerized retrieval to identify English published articles between 2000 and 2021 in the PubMed, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and APA PsycInfo databases. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed in duplicate.ResultsA total of 38 studies were eligible, with 30,225 analyzed participants. A non-comparative binary meta-analysis was performed to calculate the weighted average 5-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS) in the two cohorts, respectively. The LRFS, DMFS, and OS (without restriction on the 5-year outcomes) between the two cohorts were further investigated by a comparative binary meta-analysis. The weighted average 5-year LRFS, DMFS, and OS in the IORT cohort were 96.3, 96.6, and 94.1%, respectively, and in the WBI cohort were 98.0, 94.9, and 94.9%, respectively. Our pooled results indicated that the LRFS in the IORT cohort was significantly lower than that in the WBI cohort (pooled odds ratio [OR] = 2.36; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.66–3.36). Nevertheless, the comparisons of DMFS (pooled OR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.76–1.31), and OS (pooled OR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.79–1.14) between the IORT cohort with the WBI cohort were both not statistically significant.ConclusionsDespite the drastically high 5-year oncological efficacy in both cohorts, the LRFS in the IORT cohort is significantly poorer than that in the WBI cohort, and DMFS and OS do not differ between cohorts.
Outcomes and Incidence of PF-ILD According to Different Definitions in a Real-World Setting
Authors: Torrisi Sebastiano Emanuele , Kahn Nicolas , Wälscher Julia , Polke Markus , Lee Joyce S. , Molyneaux Philip L. , Sambataro Francesca Maria , Heussel Claus Peter , Vancheri Carlo , Kreuter Michael 
Published: December 2021

Background: Almost one-third of fibrosing ILD (fILDs) have a clinical disease behavior similar to IPF, demonstrating a progressive phenotype (PF-ILD). However, there are no globally accepted criteria on the definition of a progressive phenotype in non-IPF fILD yet. Four different definitions have been used; however, no internationally accepted definition currently exists.Research Question: To compare the clinical and functional characteristics of progressive fILD according to the currently available definitions.Study design and methods: Cases of fILD were identified retrospectively from the database of the tertiary referral center for ILD in Heidelberg. Lung function, clinical signs of progression, and radiological changes were evaluated. Patients with fILD were considered to have progression according to each of the four available definitions: Cottin (CO), RELIEF (RE), INBUILD (IN), and UILD study. Lung function changes, expressed as mean absolute decline of FVC%, were reported every 3 months following diagnosis and analyzed in the context of each definition. Survival was also analyzed.Results: A total of 566 patients with non-IPF fILD were included in the analysis. Applying CO-, RE-, IN-, and UILD-definitions, 232 (41%), 183 (32%), 274 (48%), and 174 (31%) patients were defined as PF-ILD, respectively. RE- and UILD-criteria were the most stringent, with only 32 and 31% patients defined as progressive, while IN- was the most broad, with almost 50% of patients defined as progressive. CO- definition was in-between, classifying 41% as progressive. PF ILD patients with a UILD definition had worse prognosis.Interpretation: Depending on the definition used, the existing criteria identify different groups of patients with progressive fILD, and this may have important prognostic and therapeutic implications.
QiShenYiQi Pills Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Cardiac Microvascular Hyperpermeability Implicating Src/Caveolin-1 and RhoA/ROCK/MLC Signaling
Authors: Pan Chun-Shui , Yan Li , Lin Se-Qi , He Ke , Cui Yuan-Chen , Liu Yu-Ying , Hu Bai-He , Chang Xin , Zhao Xin-Rong , Fan Jing-Yu , Han Jing-Yan 
Published: December 2021

Aims: Coronary microvascular hyperpermeability is an important contributor to ischemia or reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the effective strategy for this insult remains limited. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of the compound Chinese medicine QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ) against coronary microvascular hyperpermeability after cardiac I/R with focusing on the underlying mechanism.Methods and Results: Male Sprague-Dawley rats under anesthesia were subjected to occlusion of left coronary anterior descending artery followed by reperfusion. QSYQ was administrated 90 min before ischemia initiation. Human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) underwent hypoxia or reoxygenation (H/R) challenge with QSYQ administrated 1 h prior to hypoxia. QSYQ exhibited effects on attenuating microvascular damage and albumin leakage after I/R injury, showing a role in maintaining endothelial junctions, caveolae, and collagen in basement membrane (BM) of microvessels. Study using HCMECs disclosed that QSYQ protected endothelial barrier from impairment by H/R, attenuating the decline of respiratory chain complex I and ATP synthase, activation of Src/caveolin-1 and increase of RhoA/ROCK/p-MLC, MMP-9, and CTSS. PP2, a Src inhibitor, partially imitated the effect of QSYQ.Conclusions: The QSYQ was able to prevent I/R-induced cardiac microvascular hyperpermeability via a mechanism involving Src/caveolin-1 and RhoA/ROCK/MLC signaling.
Effect of Kinesiology Tape on Muscle Activation of Lower Extremity and Ankle Kinesthesia in Individuals With Unilateral Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Yin Lulu , Liu Kun , Liu Chengmei , Feng Xiaodong , Wang Lin 
Published: December 2021

Background: The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of kinesiology tape (KT) on lower limb muscle activation during computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) tasks and ankle kinesthesia in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI).Methods: Thirty-five men with CAI participated in this study. The experimental procedure followed a repeated measures design. Muscle activation of lower extremity and ankle kinesthesia of participants were measured using four taping treatments, namely, KT, athletic tape (AT), sham tape (ST), and no tape (NT) in a randomized order. Muscle activation was assessed using surface electromyography (sEMG) synchronized with CDP tests from seven lower extremity muscles of the unstable limb. Ankle kinesthesia was measured by using a threshold to detect the passive motion direction of the unstable ankle. Parameters were analyzed by using a one-way repeated measures ANOVA and followed by pairwise comparisons with a Bonferroni correction.Results: No significant difference was observed among different taping treatments for the majority of parameters during CDP. Except for condition 4 with open eyes, sway-referenced surface, and fixed surround in the sensory organization test (SOT), gastrocnemius medialis root mean square (RMS) was 28.19% lower in AT compared with NT (p = 0.021, 95% CI = 0.002–0.039), while gastrocnemius lateralis RMS was 20.25% lower in AT compared with KT (p = 0.038, 95% CI = 0.000–0.021). In forward-small sudden translation from motor control test (MCT), for peroneal longus (PL), RMS was 24.04% lower in KT compared with ST (p = 0.036, 95% CI = 0.000–0.018). In toes-down sudden rotation from adaption test (ADT), for PL, RMS was 23.41% lower in AT compared with ST (p = 0.015, 95% CI = 0.002–0.027). In addition, no significant difference was observed for a threshold to the detection of passive motion direction among different taping treatments.Conclusion: This study indicated that KT had minimal effect on the muscle activation of the unstable lower limb during static stance, self-initiated, and externally triggered perturbation tasks from CDP and ankle kinesthesia among individuals with CAI, suggesting that the benefit of KT was too small to be clinically worthwhile during application for CAI.
Preference for Solitude and Mobile Phone Addiction Among Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Psychological Distress and Moderating Role of Mindfulness
Authors: Chen Wan-Yi , Yan Lei , Yuan Yi-Ren , Zhu Xiao-Wei , Zhang Yan-Hong , Lian Shuai-Lei 
Published: December 2021

Background:With the increasing incidence of mobile phone addiction, the potential risk factors of mobile phone addiction have attracted more and more researchers’ attention. Although various personality trait factors have been proven to be significant predictors of mobile phone addiction, limited attention has been paid to preference for solitude. Considering the adverse impacts of preference for solitude in the context of collectivistic societies and its possible negative effect on mobile phone addiction, this study was designed to examine the relationship between preference for solitude and mobile phone addiction, and to test the mediating role of psychological distress and the moderating role of mindfulness in this relationship.Methods:Data were collected through convenience sampling from a comprehensive university in China. A total of 927 Chinese college students (371 males and 556 females), aged from 16 to 24 (Mage= 19.89 years,SD= 1.22), participated in this study. Their preference for solitude, psychological distress, mindfulness, and mobile phone addiction were measured using well-validated self-report questionnaires.Results:Correlational analyses, sobel test, SPSS macro PROCESS (Model 8) and simple slopes analyses were used for major data analysis. Results showed that preference for solitude was significantly and positively associated with mobile phone addiction, and this link could be mediated by psychological distress. Moreover, the indirect effect of psychological distress in this link was moderated by mindfulness, with this effect being stronger for college students with lower levels of mindfulness. However, mindfulness can not moderate the direct relation between preference for solitude and mobile phone addiction.Conclusion:The present study broadened our knowledge of how and when (or for whom) preference for solitude is related to mobile phone addiction. Education professionals and parents should pay special attention to the psychological distress and mobile phone addiction of college students with high levels of preference for solitude, particularly for those with lower levels of mindfulness.
Polyamine Oxidation Is Indispensable for Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Oxidative Response and Necrotic Reactions during Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) Infection
Authors: Dmochowska-Boguta Marta , Kloc Yuliya , Orczyk Waclaw 
Published: December 2021

Hydrogen peroxide is a signal and effector molecule in the plant response to pathogen infection. Wheat resistance to Puccinia triticina Eriks. is associated with necrosis triggered by oxidative burst. We investigated which enzyme system dominated in host oxidative reaction to P. triticina infection. The susceptible Thatcher cultivar and isogenic lines with defined resistance genes were inoculated with P. triticina spores. Using diamine oxidase (DAO) and polyamine oxidase (PAO) inhibitors, accumulation of H2O2 was analyzed in the infection sites. Both enzymes participated in the oxidative burst during compatible and incompatible interactions. Accumulation of H2O2 in guard cells, i.e., the first phase of the response, depended on DAO and the role of PAO was negligible. During the second phase, the patterns of H2O2 accumulation in the infection sites were more complex. Accumulation of H2O2 during compatible interaction (Thatcher and TcLr34 line) moderately depended on DAO and the reaction of TcLr34 was stronger than that of Thatcher. Accumulation of H2O2 during incompatible interaction of moderately resistant plants (TcLr24, TcLr25 and TcLr29) was DAO-dependent in TcLr29, while the changes in the remaining lines were not statistically significant. A strong oxidative burst in resistant plants (TcLr9, TcLr19, TcLr26) was associated with both enzymes’ activities in TcLr9 and only with DAO in TcLr19 and TcLr26. The results are discussed in relation to other host oxidative systems, necrosis, and resistance level.
Aspectos teóricos del MANOVA-BIPLOT y su aplicación a los usos del suelo en la ESPAC-2016
Authors: Amaro Rafael Isidro , Ponsot Balaguer Ernesto Antonio , Castillo Zenaida Natividad , Machado Wilfred 
Published: December 2021

Se presentan algunos aspectos teóricos sobre la relación entre las técnicas clásicas de MANOVA y Biplot, que son la base de la gráfica MANOVA-Biplot. Se aplica esta técnica a un conjunto de datos referentes al uso del suelo en las tres regiones definidas por el Ecuador. Se indagan sus diferencias con el propósito de lograr una caracterización sintética que sirva para compararlas estadísticamente y que sea de utilidad al proceso de toma de decisiones. La región oriental está caracterizada por el uso de su suelo preponderantemente en montes, bosques naturales y artificiales, la región costera por cultivos permanentes, transitorios y barbechos, y la región de la sierra por los restantes pastos, descansos, páramos y otros. Se presenta una ilustración de los resultados que muestra el gran valor de síntesis que tiene la técnica estadística propuesta, incluido el código R que la produce.

Palabras clave: Regiones del Ecuador, usos del suelo, MANOVA, Biplot.

Abstract
Some theoretical aspects about the relationship between the classic techniques of MANOVA and Biplot, which are the basis of the MANOVA - Biplot graph are presented. This technique is applied to a set of data concerning to land uses in the the three major regions defined by Ecuador. Their differences are investigated in order to achieve a synthetic characterization that can be used to compare them statistically and to improve appropriately the decision process. The eastern region is characterized by the use of its soil predominantly in mountains, natural and artificial forests, the coastal region by permanent crops, transients and fallows, and The Sierra region by the permanent and transient crops and fallows. An illustration about the results showing the great synthesis value that the proposed technique has, including the R code that produces it is also presented.

Key words: Regions of Ecuador, land uses, MANOVA, Biplot.
The relationship between the effectiveness of performing technical elements and indicators of static and dynamic balance in young acrobats 6-7 years old
Authors: Chernykh T. , Mulyk V. , Mulyk K. , Skaliy А. , Ostrowski А. , Skaliy T. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: to determine the relationship between the performance of basic elements and indicators of static and dynamic balance in the training process of young acrobats 6-7 years.
Material and methods. The study involved 16 young acrobats at the stage of initial training (age 6-7 years). All parents of the participants gave written consent for the participation of children in the study. The study involved testing the technique of performing basic elements of sports acrobatics and assessing the static and dynamic balance of young athletes. The relationship between (swallow, shoulder blade, forward squat, wheel (sideways overturning), bridges) and static and dynamic equilibrium tests was determined. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient method was used as a method of statistical analysis.
Results. It is established that the largest relationship between the performance of basic elements and static balance in the basic exercises of young acrobats have: Romberg's test with the elements "Swallow", "Stand on the shoulders", "Bridge"; Biryuk test with elements "Swallow", "Wheel", "Bridge"; balance "Swallow" with elements "Swallow", "Wheel"; static equilibrium test with the elements "Swallow", "Rack on the shoulders", "Rolling forward with a squat", "Wheel". Reliable values ​​of the correlation coefficient were established between the tests of dynamic balance and the basic elements of sports acrobatics in young athletes 6-7 years, namely: "Swallow", "Flip forward with a squat", "Wheel" and "Bridge". The analysis of special tests of static and dynamic balance in mastering the basic elements of acrobatics at the first stage of long-term training makes it possible to use them to determine the level of coordination capabilities of young athletes and further improve the use of acrobatic exercises.
Conclusions. A reliable relationship between the performance of basic exercises and indicators of static and dynamic balance in young acrobats at the initial stage of training. It is shown that the level of static and dynamic balance is of great importance for the assimilation and improvement of basic elements of technology by young acrobats 6-7 years. Static and dynamic balance tests can be used to individually build training programs and young acrobats. It is shown that sports acrobatics is a significant means of developing the balance of children 6-7 years.
MODELING OF ROLL CASTING AND ROLLING OF METALS
Authors: Нурадинов А. С. , Уздиева Н. С. , Ахтаев С. С-С. , Исаева М. Р. 
Published: December 2021

В данной работе представлены результаты изучения процесса валковой разливки с применением методов физического и математического моделирования. Показано, что стабильность процесса валковой разливки-прокатки металлов зависит от таких технологических параметров, как температура перегрева, скорость разливки и уровень расплава в межвалковом пространстве. Для использованных в процессе исследования сплавов получены зависимости оптимальной скорости разливки-прокатки от толщины полосы, угла мениска металла, радиуса валков и температуры перегрева расплавов.Экспериментальная составляющая данных исследований, выполненная в лабораторных условиях на установке валковой разливки металлов, подтвердила адекватность и высокое качество расчетных режимов разливки для всех изучаемых сплавов. Полученная для описания изучаемых процессов валковой разливки металлов математическая модель показала высокую корреляцию теоретических и экспериментальных данных, что свидетельствует о корректности данной модели.
This paper presents the results of studying the roll casting process using physical and mathematical modeling methods. It is shown that the stability of the roll casting-rolling process of metals is provided by such technological parameters as the overheating temperature, the casting speed and the melt level in the inter-roll space. For the alloys used in the study, the dependences of the optimal casting-rolling speed on such technological indicators as the thickness of the strip, the angle of the metal meniscus, the radius of the rolls and the temperature of overheating of the melts were obtained. The experimental component of these studies, performed under laboratory conditions at the roll casting plant of metals, confirmed the adequacy and high quality of the calculated casting modes for all the studied alloys. The mathematical model obtained to describe the studied processes of roll casting of metals showed a high correlation of theoretical and experimental data.