bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with risky sexual behaviour among secondary and preparatory students in Wolaita Sodo town, Southern Ethiopia; Institution based cross-sectional study
Authors: Asnake Azeze Gedion , Atnafu Gebeyehu Natnael , Yeshambel Wassie Addisu , Marama Mokonnon Taklu 
Published: December 2021

Background: Young people in Ethiopia aged between 18 and 24 who have had sex before age 18 has increased from 35% in 2005 to 40% in 2016 among women and from 9% to 12% among men.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with risky sexual behavior among secondary and preparatory students in Wolaita Sodo town, Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia; 2020.Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 4 to 25, 2020. Multistage sampling was employed to select a random sample of 830 study participants from 2 randomly selected secondary and preparatory schools. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the outcome variables and independent variables.Result: Among the 306 participants who reported ever having sex, 196 (24.7%) engaged in risky sexual behaviors. Factors significantly associated with risky sexual behavior were; ever used alcohol, ever smoked cigarettes, parent monitoring, and having sexually active close friend/s.Conclusion: Substantial proportion of study participants engaged in risky sexual behavior calling for more interventions on school student’s addictive behaviors. Parents should have frequent, open and informative discussions about substance use and the associated problems with their adolescents.
Keywords: Students; risky sexual behavior; factors; Ethiopia.
Psychosocial factors influencing contraceptive use among adolescent mothers in the Volta Region of Ghana: application of the Health Belief Model
Authors: Yeboah Akonor Paa , A Ayanore Martin , A Anaman-Torgbor Judith , E Tarkang Elvis 
Published: December 2021

Background: Globally, complications arising from pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death among pregnant women aged 15 to 19 years. This study investigated the psychosocial factors influencing contraceptive use among adolescentmothers in the Volta Region using the Health Belief Model (HBM).Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 422 adolescent mothers. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the strength of association between the independent and the dependent variables at a p-value less than 0.05.Results: The prevalence of contraceptive use was 18.7%. Concerning perceived susceptibility, there was a significant association between contraceptive use and the perception of being at risk of pregnancy complications (p<0.001). Perceived barriers showed a significant association between fear of side-effects of contraceptives and contraceptive use (p=0.007). Concerning perceived self-efficacy, there was a significant association between contraceptive use and confidence to suggest to a partner to use contraceptives (p=0.003); confidence to ask for contraceptives from health facilities (p<0.001) and confidence to use contraceptives (p<0.001).Conclusion: Programmes to increase contraceptive use should aim at heightening the perception of risk of pregnancy complications, reduce barriers to contraceptive use and increase the skills in negotiating contraceptive use.
Keywords: Contraceptive use; Adolescent mothers; Health Belief Model; Volta Region; Ghana.
COVID-19 and impairment of mental health: public health perspective
Authors: RamBihariLal Shrivastava Saurabh , Saurabh Shrivastava Prateek 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The objective of the article is to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of the members of the general population.
Introduction: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has forced the public health authorities to implement unprecedented public health measures with an intention to control the spread of the infection.
Methods: An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine and World Health Organization website and a total of 27 articles were selected based upon the suitability with the current review objectives.
Results: In order to reduce the caseload and interrupt the chain of transmission of the novel viral infection, it was envisaged that people should stay indoors unless it is extremely essential. This intervention did play its part in reducing the caseload, but significantly affected the daily routine of the people, which in turn accounted for a significant impact on the mental health of the people. Considering the ongoing development and the impact of COVID-19 infection on the mental health of people, there is an immense need to implement strategies to improve the lifestyle of the general population and the health care professionals.
Conclusion: To conclude, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has created a state of public health emergency on the global scale. The infection has impacted people from all walks of life and is also responsible for precipitating a number of psychological and mental disorders. Thus, it is the need of the hour to identify those individuals who are prone to psychological disorders, and take urgent steps to ensure the preservation and improvement of the mental health of people.
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; Mental health; Depression.
Hygiene practices in abattoir and slaughter slab, determinants and assessment of abattoir and slaughter slab facilities in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State South-East Nigeria
Authors: Pearl Agu Adaoha , Kenan Onah Cosmas , David Umeokonkwo Chukwuma , Chukwuka Nnabu Richard , Friday Igwe Una Alfred 
Published: December 2021

Background: Workers in slaughterhouses engaging in unhygienic practices create conducive environments for zoonoses and meat contamination. Knowledge of hygiene practices and their determinants provides evidence for the design of targetedinterventions.Objectives: We investigated knowledge and determinants of hygiene practices among workers in slaughterhouses and assessed slaughterhouse facilities in Abakaliki.Methods: Workers in the Central Meat Market abattoir and Slaughter slab Abakaliki were interviewed in a cross-sectional quantitative study to ascertain their knowledge and hygiene practices while abattoir facilities were assessed using a checklist. Associations were analysed with Chi-square while predictors were determined using binary logistic model.Results: We interviewed 188 workers 75.5% and 85.6% of whom had good knowledge and good hygiene practices respectively. However, hand-washing before and after handling meat (44.1%), cleaning work surfaces with soap and water (45.2%) and sanitary disposal of waste (6.9%) were suboptimal. Knowledge of good hygiene practice was a predictor of good hygiene practice (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 2.0-11.3, p=0.001). Well water and borehole were present in both slaughterhouses and cold rooms were available in Central Meat market abattoir.Conclusions: The level of good knowledge was high and this was a determinant of good hygienic practices. Training on hygiene practices is recommended to prevent meat contamination and zoonoses.
Keywords: Knowledge; Hygiene Practices; Abattoir; Slaughter slab; Determinants; Ebonyi; Nigeria.
Indigenous venomous snakebites in Switzerland: analysis of reports to the National Poisons Information Centre over 22 years
Authors: Fuchs Joan , Gessner Tim , Kupferschmidt Hugo , Weiler Stefan 
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION: Two venomous snakes, the asp viper (Vipera aspis) and the common adder (Vipera berus) are native to Switzerland. Bites by both vipers cause mainly local effects, but systemic envenomation is possible.
METHODS: We analysed all calls concerning indigenous venomous snakebites recorded at the Swiss National Poisons Information Centre between 1997 and 2018, including all cases with identification by a herpetologist, and/or with compatible symptoms and circumstances of the exposure.
RESULTS: During the study period, 1,364 cases concerned snakebites. One third (466; 34%) were attributed to indigenous vipers. In 243 (52%) patients, medical follow-up information was available, with good causality between exposure and symptoms in 219 (90%) patients. Vipera aspis was identified in 77 of the cases (35%), Vipera berus in 54 (25%), and not further specified vipers in 88 (40%). In over two thirds of the 219 cases (155, 71%) adult patients were affected (male 109, female 46; median age 43 years [range 16–90]). Sixty-four patients were children (male 47, female 16; median age 11 years [range 1.3–15.9]). The highest occurrence of bites was in the summer months. In the majority of patients, the clinical course was mild (94; 43%) or moderate (80; 36%); a lower proportion was either asymptomatic (17; 8%) or exhibited severe symptoms (28; 13%). There were no fatalities reported. The most frequent symptoms were local effects at the bite site with mild (100; 46%) to moderate (56; 25%) swelling, pain (65; 30%) and redness (51; 23%). Gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea (31; 14%), vomiting (47; 22%) and abdominal pain (25; 11%) were also common. Other systemic symptoms included cardiovascular effects (e.g., hypotension (20; 9%) or shock [6; 3%]), neurotoxicity (e.g., visual impairment [5; 2.3%]) and haematotoxicity (e.g., coagulopathy [11; 5%]). Seven (3.2%) patients developed anaphylactic reactions. Antivenom was administered in only 20% (24 with moderate and 19 with severe symptoms) with good resolution of symptoms. The mean duration of hospitalization was 2 days (0–12 days).
CONCLUSION: Snakebites in Switzerland can result in severe symptoms, sometimes necessitating antivenom treatment.
Compromiso ético y ciudadanía
Authors: Estrada-Pérez Luis F. 
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo está compuesto de tres partes. La primera está dedicada a presentar un abordaje de la distinción entre ética y moral. La segunda parte trabaja la importancia de conceptos como “base moral”, “búsqueda de valor” y “sensibilidad moral”, propuestos por Nozick (1981). Finalmente, la tercera sección presenta la relevancia del compromiso ético para el ejercicio de la ciudadanía amparados en los planteamientos de Nozick del “empuje ético” y en la búsqueda de hacer significativa nuestra vida. La hipótesis principal de este estudio es que existe una continuidad entre motivación ética, compromiso ético y el ejercicio democrático de la ciudadanía.
Preferencias valorales y el rendimiento académico en estudiantes pre universitarios de Huánuco 2020
Authors: Acencio-Malpartida Larry F. 
Published: December 2021

El presente estudio fue del tipo cuantitativo del nivel correlacional, con el objetivo de analizar la relación entre las preferencias valorales y el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes preuniversitarios 2020, la población estuvo constituida por 213 estudiantes en 4 áreas de preparación de la Academia Preuniversitaria de La Municipalidad de Huánuco, con una muestra de 73 sujetos que fueron elegidos no aleatoriamente, por conveniencia y en cumplimiento a los criterios de inclusión propuestos, para la obtención de datos se utilizó la técnica de la psicometría con el instrumento de Valanti de Escobar (2001), y el registro académico de los 2 simulacros de examen de preparación realizados por los estudiantes; estos datos fueron analizados estadísticamente con el programa SPSS versión 25.0; se pudo hallar que los valores Paz, Verdad y Amor poseen una distribución de 25%, 26% y 32% respectivamente en los estudiantes y a nivel rendimiento académico el 60.3% se encuentran en la categoría deficiente; además principalmente se halló que existe correlación entre las preferencias valorales y el rendimiento académico, con un coeficiente Rho de spearman de (,279 y p – valor = ,017= p<0.05); lo que nos indica un nivel de correlación débil; permitiéndonos concluir que nuestra realidad refleja los resultados obtenidos a nivel rendimiento académico en pruebas internacionales como la de PISA, pero además confirma que la preferencia de valores y el rendimiento académico se encuentran relacionados a un nivel débil, siendo necesario la intervención de otros factores que favorecen un rendimiento académico idóneo.
ЭКОНОМИКА КИТАЯ В СИСТЕМЕ МИРОВОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА
Authors: Рокина Д. С. , Котенко А. А. 
Published: December 2021

В статье рассмотрено изменение положения экономики Китая в системе мирового хозяйства, влияние Китая на международные экономические отношения, анализируется динамика индикаторов социально-экономического развития Китая за последние 30 лет, описываются методы борьбы с кризисом, предсказывается дальнейшее развитие Китая.
Главное внимание обращается на так называемую авторами «формулу успеха», которая сделала Китай таким, какой он есть сейчас. Результаты исследования позволили авторам сделать вывод об укреплении положения Китая в системе мирового хозяйства.
ТЕНЕВИЗАЦИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ И ЕЕ
ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКУЮ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ РЕГИОНА
Authors: Меркер П. А. , Ильина О. Б. 
Published: December 2021

В статье проанализированы особенности воздействия процессов теневизации
экономической деятельности на экономическую безопасность регионов и рассмотрены
причины функционирования теневой экономики. Основной акцент сделан на раскрытии
содержания скрытой, фиктивной и подпольной экономики, а также форм теневых
отношений. Ключевым аспектом является изучение влияния различных форм теневой
деятельности на индикаторы экономической безопасности региона и определение мер
противодействия теневизации экономической деятельности.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL MARMALADE
RECIPE
Authors: Stroshkova A. V. , Titova I. M. , Massalina I. P. 
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the mass fraction of sugar in the composition of the most common
types of marmalade in retail chains. The hypothesis of the relationship between the statistics of
childhood obesity in Russia and the increase in the consumption of "hidden" sugars is presented.
The article substantiates the relevance of introducing healthy sweets into the diet of children. The
results of a patent search and laboratory study of the sugar content in industrial marmalade by
capillary electrophoresis are presented. A computer model of the marmalade recipe with a low
sugar content and high nutritional value was obtained.
КИСЛОМОЛОЧНЫЙ НАПИТОК, ОБОГАЩЕННЫЙ
БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫМИ ВЕЩЕСТВАМИ БИОМАССЫ
ARTHROSPIRA
Authors: Шкловец А. В. , Агафонова С. В. 
Published: December 2021

Проведено исследование по производству йогурта, обогащенного биологически
активными веществами биомассы Arthrospira (спирулины) с добавлением яблочного
повидла. Также проведено маркетинговое исследование потребительских предпочтений
в области кисломолочных напитков и опрос желательности потребления нового вида
обогащенного йогурта. Определена оптимальная рецептура кисломолочного напитка
с применением метода математического моделирования эксперимента. Представлены
показатели качества и идентификации готового продукта, биологическая ценность,
функциональность и рекомендации по применению обогащенного йогурта.
ВЛИЯНИЕ СРЕДСТВ МАССОВОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ НА
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЦЕННОСТНЫХ ОРИЕНТАЦИЙ
КАЛИНИНГРАДСКОЙ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ
Authors: Борисова М.В. , Ярыгин Н.Н. 
Published: December 2021

В статье анализируется влияние средств массовой информации на формирование
ценностных ориентаций калининградской студенческой молодежи. Объектом данного
исследования явились студенты дневной формы обучения. Целью поискового
социологического исследования стало выявление влияния различных средств массовой
информации на формирование ценностных ориентаций среди студенческой молодежи.
Поставлены следующие задачи: определение объекта исследования, составление анкеты с
вопросами, проведение опроса в интернете, анализ результатов исследования. Для подбора
респондентов использован метод доступной выборки. Результаты проведенного
исследования говорят о том, что самым влиятельным источником информации для студентов
являются социальные сети, а самыми непопулярными названы радио, телевидение и
печатная пресса. Полученные результаты говорят о том, что студенческую молодежь
интересует в первую очередь диалог разных точек зрения на происходящие события,
возможность их самостоятельного анализа. Данным критериям отвечают именно социальные
сети.
Analisis Pernikahan Cinta Buta di Kabupaten Batu Bara
Authors: Sidek Alang 
Published: December 2021

Marriage is a very sacred thing, the fiqh scholars define marriage is to have something through the path prescribed in religion, with the aim of according to human tradition. According to Islamic Shari'a is to justify something, but this is not the highest purpose of marriage in Islamic Shari'a. The highest goal is to maintain regeneration, maintain human genes, and each husband and wife get peace of mind because love and affection can be channeled. This rule regarding marriage is actually to respect women and to distinguish between humans and animals, because with the rules regarding marriage, the children of human descendants in this world will be maintained their glory and the purpose of the marriage will be achieved. The research method used in this research is by means of field research or field research. Research that is directly carried out in the field or on the respondent. The data obtained from the study were analyzed descriptively, namely research that seeks to describe current problem solving based on data. From this research, it can be concluded that the perception of Islamic Boarding School leaders towards Blind Chinese Marriage with the results of interviews with the leaders of the Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School Guntur Darul Salam: Justify the implementation of blind Chinese marriage (tahlil) with hilah or legal reasons that have been outlined by Syafi'i, namely by hiding the intention of tahlil, Batu Bara Regency, especially the Malay community, who are mostly Syafi'i sects, think that blind marriage is something that is allowed if needed. Everything that has been prescribed and prohibited by Allah SWT must have a specific purpose and purpose, even the scholars of usul fiqh discussed it in a discussion, namely in the matter of Maqasid Al-Shariah, one of which is maintaining offspring.
Keywords: Marriage, Cinta Buta, Kabupaten, Batu Bara.
Artificial Intelligence in Business Simulation Analysis
Authors: Arshad Mehreen 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Research on business simulation and machine learning has attracted immense interest in the last few years. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive view of machine learning in business simulation. To review the use of artificial intelligence in business simulation analysis. A review of the literature, however, shows little systematic reviews on the application of machine learning techniques to business simulation, yet systematic reviews have gained prominence in the academic jargon.
Methodology: Thus, this study does reviews systematically a total of 123 shortlisted articles that focus on the machine learning techniques in the business simulation process.
Findings: There are immense algorithms of machine learning which can be used in a business simulation, although this study was able to review ten machine learning algorithms in the business simulation process. As a whole, the machine learning algorithms have been deployed to yield lead-time production in the industry. In inventory and storage, machine learning has been applied to improve efficiency in identifying inventory patterns that would have never been revealed and thus saves on costs. Future direction also discussed.
ASSESSMENT OF RADIATION DOSE RATE LEVELS AND RADIATION RISK AT THE COBALT -60 UNIT, KOMFO ANOKYE RADIOTHERAPY CENTER, GHANA.
Authors: Addison E C D K , Opoku R A , Addison C E B N , Aniagyei W I 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: A study was conducted to estimate the Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AEDE) and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) caused by the presence of an artificial cobalt-60 radioactive source producing ionizing radiation levels within the radiotherapy facility at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Ghana. This study validated the safety of cobalt-60 radioactive sources, as well as the notion of calculating the Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AEDE) and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR), which contributed to reducing occupational and public exposures inside the facility.
Methodology: The investigation was carried out with the use of a portable OD-01 Ionization Chamber Survey Meter. The absorbed dose rate (ADR) in air was changed between 5 m and 40 m, with measurements taken inside and around the cobalt 60 bunker, as well as at sixteen other sites within the radiation facility.
Findings: From 5 m to 40 m surrounding the Cobalt-60 source, the estimated Absorbed Dose Rate in air inside the cobalt-60 bunker ranged from 0.299 0.001 to 0.977 0.005 Sv/h, with an average of 0.498 0.005 Sv/h. The estimated Annual effective dose equivalent varied from 1.100 mSv/yr to 3.595 mSv/yr around the cobalt-60 source inside the Co-60 bunker. Radiation exposure levels ranged from 0.268 0.008 Sv/h to 0.678 0.005 Sv/h, with an average of 0.440 0.004 Sv/h observed around the fifteen sites chosen. Excess Lifetime Cancer has values ranging from 3.85 10-3 to 12.58 10-3 and 3.45 10-3 to 8.73 10-3. Risks were evaluated for the cobalt and the sixteen places inside the plant. The absorbed dose values at 5 m, 10 m, and 15 m inside the Co-60 bunker and the location Co-60 bunker as part of the facility exceeded the ICRP-recommended limit of 0.57. The AEDE and ELCR levels were within the ICRP's acceptable limits. The AEDE and ELCR statistics acquired indicate that the Cobalt-60 unit and its surroundings are radiation safe, although the likelihood of employees contracting cancer from the absorbed dose and background ionizing radiation is significant over a lifetime.
Recommendation: However, it is recommended that absorbed dose level monitoring and evaluation of the Radiation Therapy Technologist (RTT) and other workers surrounding the unit be monitored on a regular basis. It is also recommended that Occupational Staff, such as RTTs, spend as little time as possible in the bunker
Reading Graphic Design History
Authors: Raizman David 
Published: December 2021

Reading Graphic Design History uses a series of key texts from the history of print culture to address issues of class, race, and gender. It encourages the reader to look at print advertising, illustration, posters, magazine art direction, and typography aesthetically but also critically.
David Raizman’s innovative approach intentionally challenges the canon of graphic design history and various traditional understandings of graphic design that have privileged certain schools or movements. He re-examines “icons” of graphic design in light of their local contexts, avoiding generalisation to explore underlying attitudes about various social issues. He encourages new ways of reading graphic design that take into account a broader context for graphic design activity, rather than generalisations that discourage the understanding of difference and the means by which graphic design communicates cultural values.
Claas nach Rekordjahr etwas verhalten
Authors: Vetter Bernhard 
Published: December 2021

Frankfurt a.M. Der Landtechnikhersteller Claas hat ein Rekordjahr hinter sich. Wegen der anhaltenden Chipkrise und fortgesetzter Lieferkettenprobleme ist der Ausblick für 2022 jedoch nicht euphorisch.