bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of Messenger RNA (mRNA) Probes Delivered By Lipid Nanoparticles to Visualize Intracellular Protein Expression and Localization at Organelles
Authors: Zhao Weiyu , Zeng Chunxi , Yan Jingyue , Du Shi , Hou Xucheng , Zhang Chengxiang , Li Wenqing , Deng Binbin , McComb David W. , Xue Yonger , Kang Diana D. , Dong Yizhou 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOrganelles are specialized compartments, where various proteins reside and play crucial roles to maintain essential cellular structures and functions in mammalian cells. A comprehensive understanding of protein expressions and subsequent localizations at each organelle is of great benefit to the development of organelle‐based therapies. Herein, a set of single or dual organelle labeling messenger RNAs (SOLAR or DOLAR) is designed as novel imaging probes, which encode fluorescent proteins with various organelle localization signals. These mRNA probes enable to visualize the protein localizations at different organelles and investigate their trafficking from ribosomal machinery to specific organelles. According to the in vitro results, SOLAR probes show organelle targeting capabilities consistent with the design. Moreover, DOLAR probes with different linkers display distinct targeting properties depending on different organelle localization signals. Additionally, these mRNA probes also exhibit organelle labeling ability in vivo when delivered by lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Therefore, these mRNA‐based probes provide a unique tool to study cell organelles and may facilitate the design of organelle‐based therapies.
In Situ Formation of Nano Ni–Co Oxyhydroxide Enables Water Oxidation Electrocatalysts Durable at High Current Densities
Authors: Abed Jehad , Ahmadi Shideh , Laverdure Laura , Abdellah Ahmed , O'Brien Colin P. , Cole Kevin , Sobrinho Pedro , Sinton David , Higgins Drew , Mosey Nicholas J. , Thorpe Steven J. , Sargent Edward H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) limits the energy efficiency of electrocatalytic systems due to the high overpotential symptomatic of poor reaction kinetics; this problem worsens over time if the performance of the OER electrocatalyst diminishes during operation. Here, a novel synthesis of nanocrystalline Ni–Co–Se using ball milling at cryogenic temperature is reported. It is discovered that, by anodizing the Ni–Co–Se structure during OER, Se ions leach out of the original structure, allowing water molecules to hydrate Ni and Co defective sites, and the nanoparticles to evolve into an active Ni–Co oxyhydroxide. This transformation is observed using operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, with the findings confirmed using density functional theory calculations. The resulting electrocatalyst exhibits an overpotential of 279 mV at 0.5 A cm−2 and 329 mV at 1 A cm−2 and sustained performance for 500 h. This is achieved using low mass loadings (0.36 mg cm−2) of cobalt. Incorporating the electrocatalyst in an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer yields a current density of 1 A cm−2 at 1.75 V for 95 h without decay in performance. When the electrocatalyst is integrated into a CO2‐to‐ethylene electrolyzer, a record‐setting full cell voltage of 3 V at current density 1 A cm−2 is achieved.
Stimuli‐Driven Insulator–Conductor Transition in a Flexible Polymer Composite Enabled by Biphasic Liquid Metal
Authors: Liu Huaizhi , Xin Yumeng , Bisoyi Hari Krishna , Peng Yan , Zhang Jiuyang , Li Quan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMetal–polymer composites (MPCs) with combined properties of metals and polymers have achieved much industrial success. However, metals in MPCs are thought to be ordinary and invariable electrically conductive fillers in supportive polymers to show limited use in modern technologies. This work that is disclosed here, for the first time, introduces stimuli‐driven transition from biphasic to monophasic state of liquid metal into polymer science to form dynamic soft conductors from the binary metal–polymer composites. The binary metal that exhibits temperature‐driven reversible transition between solid and liquid states via a biphasic state is fabricated. A conducting stretchable polymer composite is developed using the judiciously chosen biphasic binary metal that undergoes conductor to insulator transition upon stretching. Insulating stretched films become conducting upon heating. A “tube” model elegantly describes such distinctive deformation/temperature‐dependent behaviors. Moreover, the conducting polymer composite shows decrease in its resistance upon increasing the sample temperature. The resistance can be tuned from 1 to 108 Ω depending on the state of binary metal in the phase diagram. This work would build the intimate and interesting connection between metal phases and polymer science toward next‐generation soft conductors and beyond.
Codes in Code: AIE Supramolecular Adhesive Hydrogels Store Huge Amounts of Information
Authors: Yang Yabi , Li Qingyun , Zhang Hanwei , Liu Hui , Ji Xiaofan , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWith the continuous advancement of information technology, the requirements for the information storage capacity of materials are getting higher and higher. However, information code materials usually only store a single piece of information. In order to improve their storage capacity, aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) supramolecular adhesive hydrogels with different fluorescent colors are prepared, and a “Codes in Code” method is used to demonstrate the storage capacity for large amounts of information. Four kinds of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) supramolecular hydrogels with different fluorescent colors are prepared; based on the hydrogen bonds on the hydrogel surface, these hydrogels can be assembled into a hydrogel, G5, which shows multiple fluorescent colors under the irradiation of UV light. When many 1D barcode patterns or/and 2D code patterns are incorporated into G5, not only a kind of 3D information but also plenty of 1D or/and 2D information can be stored. Therefore, the information codes prepared by the “Codes in Code” method can store a large amount of information.
Aminoclay‐Graphene Oxide Composite for Thin‐Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes with Unprecedented Water Flux and Fouling Resistance
Authors: Islam Md Rabiul , Khurana Pratishtha , Srikrishnarka Pillalamarri , Nagar Ankit , Jash Madhuri , Jenifer Shantha Kumar , Ganayee Mohd Azhardin , Kumar Mathava , Pradeep Thalappil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPresent work attempts to incorporate aminoclay‐graphene oxide composites into thin‐film composite (TFC)‐reverse osmosis membranes to improve the desalination efficiency of brackish water. The composite is coated on a polysulfone substrate as a result of interfacial polymerization of m‐phenylene diamine and trimesoyl chloride, at different time durations. The prepared membranes are analyzed for their water permeation and salt rejection efficiencies using brackish feed water. The results indicated that the membrane loaded with 0.015 wt% of the composite delivered maximum flux at 20 bar pressure for 2000 ppm feed. Moreover, the water flow rate increased by ≈3.27 times (from 15.62 ± 0.36 to 50.28 ± 1.69 Lm–2 h–1), compared to the unmodified TFC membrane. An enhancement in the salt rejection from 97.03 ± 1.07 to 99.51 ± 0.10% is also observed for the same feed water at 20 bar as compared to the unmodified membrane. Furthermore, antifouling tests with model bio‐foulant humic acid revealed better stability and antifouling performance of the prepared membranes than the unmodified membranes under identical operating conditions. The membrane, therefore, assures high performance and lifetime owing to its mechanical and chemical stability, and hence suggests energy‐efficient desalination.
Alteration of prognostic efficacy of albumin‐bilirubin grade and Child‐Pugh score according to liver fibrosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with Child‐Pugh A following hepatectomy
Authors: Miyata Tatsunori , Yamashita Yo‐ichi , Arima Kota , Higashi Takaaki , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Imai Katsunori , Nitta Hidetoshi , Chikamoto Akira , Beppu Toru , Baba Hideo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe albumin‐bilirubin (ALBI) grade was developed to predict the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which can stratify the prognosis even in HCC patients with Child‐Pugh A. We evaluated the prognostic efficacy of the ALBI grade and Child‐Pugh classification in HCC patients with Child‐Pugh A stratified by the presence or absence of advanced fibrosis or a preoperative biomarker for advanced fibrosis.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 490 consecutive HCC patients with Child‐Pugh A who underwent initial hepatectomies. The accuracy of prognostic prediction using both models was compared by the presence or absence of advanced fibrosis (F3‐4) and its predictor, the preoperative platelet count (PLT).ResultsThe prognostic accuracy of the ALBI grade was better in patients without advanced fibrosis (F3‐4; likelihood ratio: 4.39, corrected Akaike information criterion [AICc]: 453.0, P = .074), but Child‐Pugh score was better in the advanced fibrosis group (likelihood ratio: 10.67, AICc: 915.2, P = .0014). In the high PLT group (≥140 × 103/μL), the prognostic accuracy using the ALBI grade was better in overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS), but in the low PLT group, the Child‐Pugh score was the more accurate model in OS and RFS.ConclusionsDepending on the degree of fibrosis or preoperative PLT, the ALBI grade and Child‐Pugh score may provide more accurate prognoses after initial hepatectomy in HCC patients with Child‐Pugh A.
Impact of abdominal aortic calcification on clinical outcomes following initial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Imaoka Yuki , Ohira Masahiro , Sato Koki , Imaoka Kouki , Kuroda Shintaro , Tahara Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Tsuyoshi , Ide Kentaro , Tanaka Yuka , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThe clinical impact of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in patients who undergo hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown.MethodsTo evaluate the impact of AAC on clinical outcomes, we analyzed 203 patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC between 2010 and 2013.ResultsKaplan–Meier survival curve analysis showed significantly worse overall survival (OS) in the high AAC group than in the low AAC group. The recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was also significantly worse in the high AAC group. In the multivariate analysis, high AAC (hazard ratio [HR], 2.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24–5.09; P = .01) was an independent risk factor for poor OS after hepatectomy for HCC. High AAC was also an independent risk factor for poor RFS (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.04–2.76; P = .04).ConclusionsAbdominal aortic calcification had a strong relationship with poor OS and RFS after hepatectomy for HCC. We suggest that AAC had a relationship with smoking and diabetes; therefore, AAC could reflect a surrogate for older age, worse health status, and inflammatory score.
Asymmetric Disilylation of Spirocyclic Palladacyclopentanes via Tandem Heck/C−H Activation of Aryl Iodides
Authors: Li Hang , Huang Wei‐Sheng , Yang Ke‐Fang , Ye Fei , Yin Guan‐Wu , Xu Zheng , Xu Li‐Wen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of chiral organosilicon compounds is highly appealing due to their wide and important applications in synthetic chemistry and medicinal science. However, catalytic asymmetric disilylation are surprisingly underrepresented because of the lack of enantioselective methods in the stereoselective control of silyl group transformations. Herein, an asymmetric palladium‐catalyzed disilylation of ether‐tethered aryl iodide contained a styrene moiety through Heck/C−H activation sequence was explored for the first time. Upon high‐throughput screening of TADDOL‐derived phosphoramidites, it was found that L18 is a good match in combination with Pd(dtbpf)Cl2 in the tandem Heck/C−H activation of aryl iodide with hexamethyldisilane to afford disilylated 2.3‐dihydrobenzofunan derivatives in good yields with moderate enantioselectivity.
Mental health and well‐being of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia during COVID‐19
Authors: Dudgeon Pat , Alexi Joanna , Derry Kate , Brideson Tom , Calma Tom , Darwin Leilani , Gray Paul , Hirvonen Tanja , McPhee Rob , Milroy Helen , Milroy Jill , Murray Donna , Sutherland Stewart 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn May 2020, an independent working party was convened to determine the mental health and well‐being needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia, in response to COVID‐19. Thirty Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leaders and allies worked together in a two‐month virtual collaboration process. Here, we provide the working party's five key recommendations and highlight the evidence supporting these proposals. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander self‐determination and governance must be prioritised to manage the COVID‐19 recovery in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. To mitigate long‐term social and economic impacts of COVID‐19 to Australian society, the historical underinvestment in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples must be reconciled. Equitable, needs‐based funding is required to support strengths‐based, place‐based initiatives that address the determinants of health. This includes workforce and infrastructure development and effective evaluation. There is a clear, informed pathway to health and healing for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples being enacted by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leadership and community organisations; it remains to be seen how these recommendations will be implemented.
A conductive, antibacterial, and antifouling hydrogel based on zwitterion
Authors: Ding Huan , Xu Shouping , Wang Jiangjiang , Fan Zhouxiang , Huang Zhongquan , Wu Hui , Pi Pihui , Cheng Jiang , Wen Xiufang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a cationic double‐network hydrogel, which has good electrical conductivity, antibacterial properties, antiprotein adsorption, and mechanical properties. The cationic polymer formed a conductive path in the hydrogel network, so that the gel had good conductivity. With the increase of carboxybetaine ester, the conductivity gradually increases. As a sensor, hydrogel could respond quickly to strains such as stretching and bending. In addition, the hydrogel showed excellent antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, the antibacterial rate can reach up to 99%. After hydrolysis, the hydrogel showed stable antiprotein adsorption performance. The tensile strength of the gel could reach 1.05 MPa, and the elongation at break was 474.31%. Therefore, this gel may be used for dressing and electronic skin. And the morphology of the hydrogel was characterized by FT‐IR, X‐ray diffraction, and SEM.
Development of a dual capsule self‐healing silicone composite using silicone chemistry and poly(melamine‐urea‐formaldehyde) shells
Authors: Allahdini Anahita , Jafari Reza , Momen Gelareh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aims to develop microcapsules that can be used as room‐temperature self‐healing agents in silicone‐based matrices. A telechelic reactive silanol‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the healing agent, was selected to ensure the homogeneity of the polymeric matrix and encapsulated in poly(melamine‐urea‐formaldehyde) shells through an in‐situ emulsion polymerization technique. To catalyze the polycondensation reaction of the healing agent, dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL) was encapsulated within the same type of polymeric shell. The synthesized microcapsules were characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry. The analyses confirmed that the spherical microcapsules with an average size of 56 μm for PDMS‐MUF microcapsules and 42 μm for DBTL‐MUF microcapsules, with a shell wall thickness of 100–200 nm, and good thermal stability were formed. Therefore, the two‐component self‐healing silicone composite was successfully developed using 10:1.2 wt% PDMS: DBTL microcapsules within the silicone matrix. SEM showed the self‐healing ability of the silicone matrix by observing the successful healing of microcracks at room temperature. Tensile and trouser tear tests were adopted to assess the self‐healing performance of the elastomeric matrix, showing the self‐healing efficiencies of 67% and 55%, respectively.
Effects of polylactide‐functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes on the crystallization behavior and thermal stability of poly (L‐lactic acid)
Authors: Luo Chunyan , Li Shoujia , Fang Minggang , Sun Jianxin , Xiao Wei , Tang Feng , Chen Weixing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this work, poly (L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) grafted multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs‐g‐PLLA) was prepared by ring‐opening polymerization ofL‐lactide (L‐LA) from hydroxylated MWCNTs (MWCNTs‐OH). The grafted product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and X‐ray diffraction. It is found that MWCNTs‐g‐PLLA exhibits a carbonyl (C═O) stretching vibration peak in PLLA at near 1758 cm−1; the crystal diffraction peaks of MWCNTs‐g‐PLLA at 25.9°, 16.7°, 19.1°, and 21° are same as the peak positions of MWCNTs‐OH and PLLA, indicating that the grafted product is synthesized successfully. Then, MWCNTs‐OH/PLLA48kand MWCNTs‐g‐PLLA/PLLA48kcomposites were obtained by solution blending with different contents. The effects of MWCNTs‐OH and MWCNTs‐g‐PLLA on the crystallization behavior and thermal stability of PLLA48khomopolymer were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the crystallinity and the maximum crystallization rate of the blends increases, and the decomposition temperature of the blends increases by above 50°C.
Effect of electrical field treatment on thermal conductivity and mechanical strength of carbon nanofiber/polymer composite sheets with high filler content
Authors: Haruki Masashi , Kaneda Yuki , Tanaka Akihiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElectrical field treatment (EFT) using alternating current was investigated for the possibility that it could enhance the out‐of‐plane effective thermal conductivity (TC) of carbon nanofiber (CNF)/polymer composite sheets with high concentrations of filler. Two types of polymers were used as the base: fluorinated polyimide (PI) and silicone rubber. For the CNF/fluorinated PI, the influence of frequency was clarified at 2 kV of amplitude voltage when using a CNF concentration up to 15.0 vol%. As a result, the effective TC was clearly increased by EFT, and the degree of the enhancement of effective TC was obviously greater at 0.01 Hz than at either 100 or 1 × 106 Hz. Moreover, the effective TCs of two types of CNF/silicone rubber were also enhanced by EFT with 2 kV and 0.01 Hz for concentrations of CNF up to 5.2 vol%, although there is a large difference in the preparation methods between CNF/fluorinated PI and CNF/silicone rubber. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the sheets prepared with EFT implied a change in the orientational structure of CNF inside the silicone rubber matrix, although the effect of EFT on the tensile strength was smaller compared with that on the effective TC.
Rock art on excavated monolithic statues (moai), Rano Raraku statue quarry, Rapa Nui (Easter Island): context, chronology and the crescent motif
Authors: VAN TILBURG JO ANNE 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTMonolithic statues (moai) of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) are three‐dimensional objects and unique to the ancient public art of Eastern Polynesia. The primary purpose here is to summarize the specific landscape and statue production contexts of moai 156 and moai 157 in Rano Raraku, the statue quarry, demonstrating that they are embellished with rock art applied post‐production (sixteenth to seventeenth centuries) and after they were upright and partially buried by colluvium in a named quarry chamber. Secondly, motif analysis reveals that crescents are present on moai 156 and 157 and incorporated into other motif types at 'Orongo, Rano Kau. The crescent is the central motif in a diagrammatic schema of Rapa Nui design development. Thirdly, iconographic norms allow controlled comparison with other moai for applied rock art. Although Hoa Hakananai'a differs in material, size, and situation from all others, the motifs on it are within the conventions of the iconographic corpus. Rano Raraku and Rano Kau are validated as ritual places on the dualistic, regionalized Rapa Nui landscape. The internal affinities and overall continuity of Rapanui cultural expression is established within an evolving anthropogenic environment during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
A discussion on approximate controllability of Sobolev‐type Hilfer neutral fractional stochastic differential inclusions
Authors: Dineshkumar C. , Sooppy Nisar Kottakkaran , Udhayakumar R. , Vijayakumar V. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the approximate controllability of Sobolev‐type Hilfer neutral fractional stochastic differential inclusions in Hilbert spaces is considered. By using the stochastic analysis theory, fractional calculus, multivalued maps, and Karlin's fixed point technique, a new set of necessary and sufficient conditions, are formulated which guarantees the approximate controllability of the nonlinear Hilfer fractional stochastic system. The results are obtained under the assumption that the associated linear system is approximately controllable. Finally, two examples are presented to illustrate the theory of the obtained results.
Combined effects of maternal exposure to fungicides on behavioral development in F1‐generation mice: 3. Fixed‐dose study of imazalil
Authors: Tanaka Toyohito , Suzuki Jin , Inomata Akiko , Moriyasu Takako 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundFew published studies are reported for the neurobehavioral toxicity of combined exposure to fungicides in mammals. This study was aimed to re‐evaluate the reproductive and neurobehavioral effects of maternal exposure to combined imazalil (IMZ) and thiabendazole (TBZ) with fixed‐dose of IMZ in mice.MethodsIMZ/TBZ was given in the diet to provide levels of 0%/0% (control), 0.006%/0.006% (IMZ/TBZ), 0.006%/0.018%, and 0.006%/0.054% during the gestation and lactation periods. Selected reproductive and neurobehavioral parameters were measured in the F1 generation.ResultsNo adverse effect of IMZ/TBZ was observed in litter size, litter weight, or sex ratio at birth. Concerning behavioral developmental parameters, the time required of olfactory orientation was accelerated significantly in higher‐dose groups in female offspring on postnatal day 14 in a dose‐related manner. Exploratory behavior examination indicated that the frequency of mice with urination increased in a significantly dose‐related manner in male offspring. After weaning, any variables of exploratory behavior indicated no significant effects in both sexes of adult mice in the F1 generation. In spontaneous behavior, the longitudinal pattern of total distance was not parallel (different pattern) among the control and IMZ/TBZ treatment groups in adult males.ConclusionsThe results from these series of combined exposure studies of IMZ/TBZ suggest that the main effects on exploratory and spontaneous behavior of adult mice in the F1 generation after finishing chemical administration have been caused by the IMZ concentration of maternal exposure, with TBZ's effects being complementary.