bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Proof-of-Concept Study Using Numerical Simulations of an Acoustic Spheroid-on-a-Chip Platform for Improving 3D Cell Culture
Authors: Yahyazadeh Shourabi Arash , Salajeghe Roozbeh , Barisam Maryam , Kashaninejad Navid 
Published: August 2021

Microfluidic lab-on-chip devices are widely being developed for chemical and biological studies. One of the most commonly used types of these chips is perfusion microwells for culturing multicellular spheroids. The main challenge in such systems is the formation of substantial necrotic and quiescent zones within the cultured spheroids. Herein, we propose a novel acoustofluidic integrated platform to tackle this bottleneck problem. It will be shown numerically that such an approach is a potential candidate to be implemented to enhance cell viability and shrinks necrotic and quiescent zones without the need to increase the flow rate, leading to a significant reduction in costly reagents’ consumption in conventional spheroid-on-a-chip platforms. Proof-of-concept, designing procedures and numerical simulation are discussed in detail. Additionally, the effects of acoustic and hydrodynamic parameters on the cultured cells are investigated. The results show that by increasing acoustic boundary displacement amplitude (d0), the spheroid’s proliferating zone enlarges greatly. Moreover, it is shown that by implementing d0 = 0.5 nm, the required flow rate to maintain the necrotic zone below 13% will be decreased 12 times compared to non-acoustic chips.
Bir Üniversite Hastanesinde 5 Yıllık Brusella Sonuçlarının Retrospektif Olarak Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÜR VURAL Demet , ÇINAR Canberk , ÇOBAN Çağrı , TANRIVERDİ ÇAYCI Yeliz , BİLGİN Kemal , BIRINCI Asuman 
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bruselloz; dünyada yaygın bakteriyel zoonoz olup ülkemizde de sık olarak görülebilmektedir. İnsanlarda gelişen bruselloz hastalığının tanısında başlıca kültür ve serolojik yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Biz hastanemizde bruselloz serosürveyansını görmeyi amaçladık.
Yöntem: Temmuz 2014-Temmuz 2019 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına gönderilen bruselloz açısından şüpheli örnekler Rose Bengal ve testi ile değerlendirilmiş olup Rose Bengal testinde aglütinasyon gözlenen örnekler pozitif sayılmıştır. Brucella Coombs jel testinde ise önce hasta örneklerinin seumları, hastalar için ayrılan kuyular içinde yapılmış olup (1/40-1/5120) 1/160 ve üzerindeki titreler pozitif olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 13796 bruselloz şüpheli hasta örneğinden Rose Bengal testi pozitif 1040 (%7,5) hasta bulunmuştur. Brucella Coombs jel testi pozitif olan hasta sayısı ise 468 (%3,4) dir. Rose Bengal testi pozitif olup Brucella Coombs jel testi negatif olan 615 (%4,5), Rose Bengal testi negatif olup Brucella Coombs jel testi pozitif olan 43 hasta (%0,3) bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Rose Bengal ve Brucella Coombs jel testi kullanılarak hastanemizde son 5 yıldaki brusella serosürveyansını araştırdık. Son yıllarda kullanımı yaygınlaşan Brucella Coombs jel testi ile elde ettiğimiz sonuçların birçok laboratuvarda kullanılan Standart tüp aglütinasyon testi ile uyumlu olduğunu özellikle blokan antikorlar varlığında sonuçların daha güvenilir olabileceğini ve ilerde birçok merkezde kullanılabileceğini gösterdik.
Ar/SF6 plasma simulation for dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasma incorporating gas flow simulation and secondary electron emission
Authors: Takagi Shigeyuki , Kawamura Suguru , Sekine Makoto 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We developed the coupled calculation of plasma and gas flows in simulations for dual-frequency excited Ar/SF6 plasma. By focusing on the effect of secondary electron emission (SEE), we varied SEE coefficient γ and determined γ = 0.04 from the comparison of calculation results with the experimental results. The dependence of electron density on spatial distribution and SF6 gas partial pressure was compared between calculation and experimental results. As a result, at SF6 = 5.0 sccm, the calculated electron densities at the center and edge were almost the same as the experimental results. Furthermore, at SF6 = 2.5 sccm, the error from the experiment including the spatial distribution was in the range of −11.03 to 4.11%, and the results of coupled calculation of plasma and gas flows in simulations can reproduce the experimental results under at a SF6 partial pressure in the range from 2.5 to 5.0 sccm.
Инновационная технология полутвёрдого сыра из козьего молока для специализированного питания
Authors: Щетинина Елена Михайловна , Гаврилова Наталья Борисовна , Чернопольская Наталья Леонидовна , Соловьева Наталья Ивановна 
Published: August 2021

В статье представлено научное обоснование актуальности использования козьего молока для разработки технологии полутвёрдого сыра на его основе и расширения ассортимента производства сыров в России. Научная новизна исследований заключается в использовании молока коз зааненской породы Алтайского края в разработке технологии полутвердого сыра с повышенной биологической ценностью, а также экспериментально подтвержден способ повышения сыропригодности козьего молока путем внесения корректирующих ингредиентов: полисахарида и КНК. Использование комбинированных упаковочных материалов позволило увеличить срок годности сыра до трех месяцев во время хранения при температуре 4±2 °С. Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований по выбору биотехнологических ингредиентов и разработке технологических параметров производства полутвёрдого козьегосыра, который рекомендуется для использования в процессе организации здорового питания населения разных возрастных групп, благодаря своей биологической ценности и функциональным свойствам.
Online learning in the post-Covid-19 pandemic era: Is our higher education ready for it?
Authors: Djidu Hasan , Mashuri Sufri , Nasruddin Nasruddin , Sejati Andri Estining , Rasmuin Rasmuin , Ugi La Eru , Arua Afudin La 
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to describe the challenges of higher education in implementing online learning during the pandemic Covid-19 outbreak. This study was a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected from 408 students and 20 Lectures from 6 public universities and 6 private universities in Java, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, and Maluku, by filling out online questionaires and in-depth interviews via social media. The process of data analysis was data reduction, identifying themes, mapping interrelationships between themes, and concluding findings The results of data analysis showed that there were two main challenges, both for lecturers and students. First, limited resources, such as electronic devices (laptops/smartphones/others), learning resources, electricity, and internet connections. Second, lack of knowledge/skills on how to use the online learning media, finding and/or providing learning resources, managing online learning, providing online measuring tools, and carrying out online assessments. This condition has the greatest impact on students from low economic families, and who live in areas with limited access to learning facilities, such as electricity, and internet connections. Most of them lose learning opportunities because of these limitations.Â Third, the difficulty of time management during the online learning period.
Development of rGO/Fe3O4 Composites as Glucose Biosensors
Authors: Kusumawati Diah Hari , Mufida Rahayu Yudia 
Published: August 2021

The rGO/Fe3O4 composite is one type of composites that can be used as a biosensor material, especially glucose sensors. The main ingredients of the composite synthesis are graphite and iron sand. The synthesis process of Fe3O4 was done using the coprecipitation method, while the graphite oxidation process was accomplished using the modified Hummer's method. The composites were formed using the ex-situ wet mixing method. The formed iron sand and graphite were characterized using FTIR and XRD, and it was found that Fe3O4 was formed from the appearance of the Fe-O bond, the oxidation process of graphite was seen from the appearance of the C=O bond, and the detection of Fe peaks corresponded to the cubic crystal plane. Likewise, the composites formed were also characterized using FTIR and XRD for identification of the rGO/Fe3O4 composite formation. It was proven from the presence of Fe-O and C-O bonds and the appearance of an amorphous peak of rGO in the XRD results. The performance of theÂ rGO/Fe3O4 composites as the glucose biosensor was examined by varying the mass of Fe3O4 on the composite, using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The performance of the rGO/Fe3O4 composite biosensor in absorbing glucose reached optimum at a mass variation of 0.3 grams of Fe3O4, as demonstrated by by the lowest absorbance peak with an intensity of 0.0048 at a wavelength of 440 nm, corresponding to glucose entrappment of 7.1 mg/gram.
Role of Suprathermal Runaway Electrons Returning to the Acceleration Region in Solar Flares
Authors: Alaoui Meriem , Holman Gordon D. , Allred Joel C. , Eufrasio Rafael T. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
During solar flares, a large flux of energetic electrons propagate from the tops of reconnecting magnetic flux tubes toward the lower atmosphere. Over the course of the electrons’ transport, a co-spatial counterstreaming return current is induced, thereby balancing the current density. In response to the return-current electric field, a fraction of the ambient electrons will be accelerated into the runaway regime. However, models describing the accelerated electron beam/return-current system have not previously taken these suprathermal runaway electrons into account self-consistently. We develop a model in which an accelerated electron beam drives a steady-state, sub-Dreicer co-spatial return-current electric field, which locally balances the direct beam current and freely accelerates a fraction of background (return-current) electrons. The model is self-consistent, i.e., the electric field induced by the coevolution of the direct beam and the runaway current is considered. We find that (1) the return-current electric field can return a significant number of suprathermal electrons to the acceleration region, where they can be further accelerated to higher energies, runaway electrons can be a few tens of percent of the return-current flux returning to the nonthermal beam’s acceleration region, (2) the energy gain of the suprathermal electrons can be up to 10–35 keV, (3) the heating rate in the corona can be reduced by a factor of 3 for medium range injected fluxes in comparison to models which neglect the runaway component. The results depend on the injected beam flux density, the temperature, and density of the background plasma.
A Necessary Condition for Supernova Fallback Invading Newborn Neutron-star Magnetosphere
Authors: Zhong Yici , Kashiyama Kazumi , Shigeyama Toshikazu , Takasao Shinsuke 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We numerically investigate the dynamics of a supernova fallback accretion confronting with a relativistic wind from a newborn neutron star (NS). The time evolution of the accretion shock in the radial direction is basically characterized by the encounter radius of the flow r
enc and a dimensionless parameter

ζ
≡
L

/

M

̇

fb

c

2

, where L is the NS wind luminosity and

M

̇

fb

is the fallback mass accretion rate. We find that the critical condition for the fallback matter to reach near the NS surface can be simply described as

ζ
<

ζ

min

≡

GM

*

/

c

2

r

enc

or

r

enc

L

/

GM

*

M

̇

fb

<
1

independent of the wind Lorentz factor, where M
* is the NS mass. With combining the condition for the fallback matter to bury the surface magnetic field under the NS crust, we discuss the possibility that the trifurcation of NSs into rotation-powered pulsars, central compact objects, and magnetars can be induced by supernova fallback.
Multiwavelength Evidence for a New Flare-mode Transitional Millisecond Pulsar
Authors: Strader Jay , Swihart Samuel J. , Urquhart Ryan , Chomiuk Laura , Aydi Elias , Bahramian Arash , Kawash Adam , Sokolovsky Kirill V. , Tremou Evangelia , Udalski Andrej 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We report the discovery of a new low-mass X-ray binary near the center of the unassociated Fermi GeV γ-ray source 4FGL J0540.0–7552. The source shows the persistent presence of an optical accretion disk and exhibits extreme X-ray and optical variability. It also has an X-ray spectrum well-fit by a hard power law with Γ = 1.8 and a high ratio of X-ray to γ-ray flux. Together, these properties are consistent with the classification of the binary as a transitional millisecond pulsar (tMSP) in the subluminous disk state. Uniquely among the candidate tMSPs, 4FGL J0540.0–7552 shows consistent optical, X-ray, and γ-ray evidence for having undergone a state change, becoming substantially brighter in the optical and X-rays and fainter in GeV γ-rays sometime in mid-2013. In its current subluminous disk state, and like one other candidate tMSP in the Galactic field, 4FGL J0540.0–7552 appears to always be in an X-ray “flare mode,” indicating that this could be common phenomenology for tMSPs.
Religion, classe sociale et comportement politique : l’épreuve de l’élection singulière de 2017
Authors: Dargent Claude 
Published: August 2021

Fondé sur des données françaises recueillies dans les années 1960, le livre de G. Michelat et M. Simon Classe, religion et comportement politique établissait l’existence d’une bipolarité à la fois religieuse et politique, les catholiques se situant à droite, les irréligieux à gauche. Soixante ans plus tard, au vu de l’élection présidentielle de 2017, ce constat demeure pertinent. Au premier tour, la religion continue d’être le facteur explicatif le plus important du clivage gauche-droite. Elle devance dans l’ordre le patrimoine, l’âge, le groupe socioprofessionnel, le niveau de diplôme et le genre. La nouveauté majeure est que les musulmans, apparus entretemps, dépassent les sans-religion sur leur gauche. Échappant partiellement au clivage gauche-droite, E. Macron et M. Le Pen pâtissent tous deux au premier tour d’une réticence des catholiques les plus intégrés. Confrontés à ces deux seules candidatures au second, les catholiques préfèrent la candidate du Front national, l’écart avec les musulmans devenant alors considérable. Mais la classe sociale pèse également lourd, les cadres optant massivement pour le futur président – à la différence des classes populaires.
Sur les sentiers du natal
Authors: Abdelouahed Houria 
Published: August 2021

Lorsque – dans Al-Kitâb ( Le Livre ) – le poète Adonis décide de revenir à son pays, au lieu des retrouvailles joyeuses avec le familier, la mémoire mise en mouvement convoque plutôt des images cauchemardesques qui sourdent du plus enfoui du natal. Le lieu censé offrir un abri devient synonyme du désabri provoquant ainsi un sentiment d’inquiétante étrangeté ( Das Unheimlich). Or l’inquiétante étrangeté ne se réduit pas au retour du plus enfoui du natal, ni au dédoublement du moi du poète. Elle est au cœur même de la langue dont la plénitude enveloppante contient des cassures. Ainsi, le familier, le heimliche , s’avère le « Unheimliche propre au langage ». La lettre engendre « une angoisse de langue ou dans la langue ». Expressions d’Edmundo Gomez Mango auquel cet article rend hommage.
Sehnsucht , Un désir en attente
Authors: Schniewind Alexandrine 
Published: August 2021

Cet article explore la teneur du mot allemand « Sehnsucht » qui reste intraduisible dans la langue française. Le but est de montrer, à titre d’exemple pour de nombreux mots freudiens intraduisibles, l’effet de certains mots étrangers sur les traducteurs et lecteurs. Au-delà du côté frustrant par le fait qu’ils restent impénétrables à la langue dans laquelle on cherche à les transposer, ils sollicitent l’imaginaire du traducteur qui va jusqu’à devoir chercher un néologisme pour en rendre compte. Ces intraduisibles, doublement étrangers, provoquent une forte impulsion interprétative chez les lecteurs, ce qui les mène au plus près du mot original.
Un petit fait vrai
Authors: Gribinski Michel 
Published: August 2021

Les récits cliniques restituent – et trahissent – ce qu’ils souhaitent obtenir. Relu vingt-cinq ans après, un récit clinique qui, avec d’autres considérations, répondait au titre de « L’étranger dans la maison », a donné à l’auteur l’impression fugitive d’être étranger à la cure et à lui-même. C’est que la profession de la personne en analyse, inventée en apparence pour de bonnes raisons, a désorganisé ce qui aujourd’hui semble la vérité du cas (mais demain ?). Fort du précédent de Bion dans Réflexions faites , l’auteur critique comme il peut son propre récit déjà ancien.
Tenir le trouble : quelques fragments sur l’étranger
Authors: de Azambuja Miguel 
Published: August 2021

L’étranger est toujours pensé en lien avec son couple opposé : natif, propre, autochtone, intime, connu. Il y a toujours une relation de tension entre ces deux termes. C’est le lieu d’une bataille dans laquelle l’un veut faire disparaître l’autre, le refouler, le supprimer et supprimer ainsi le trouble qu’il suscite. Ce terme malmené, c’est l’étranger. Au contraire, la psychanalyse ne cherche pas à faire disparaître ce trouble, mais à le convoquer. Nous explorons cette proposition de manière fragmentaire dans cet article.
L’étranger, c’est celui qui disparaît. Sur L’Amérique de Franz Kafka
Authors: Veinstein Léa 
Published: August 2021

L’œuvre de Kafka regorge d’étrangers : arrivants, immigrés, émigrés, personnages étrangers à leur propre corps. Le lecteur ressent cette absence de repères avec une certaine évidence : nous sommes chez Kafka déboussolés. Mais dès lors qu’il s’agit de qualifier ces personnages précisément nous voilà démunis. Kafka ne les nomme jamais, ne choisit pas. Que dit cette absence de nom, et que signifie l’embarras idiomatique qu’il suscite ? Cet article tente de cheminer à partir de lui, en passant par L’Amérique – roman dont la situation narrative est de ce point de vue la plus littérale : Karl Rossmann arrive en Amérique, territoire d’émigration dont il va peu à peu être pourtant exclu, sur le plan politique, métaphysique, et existentiel.
Le rôle conjoint de la France et de la Grande-Bretagne dans le développement initial de la Commission européenne du Danube (1856-1878)
Authors: Pipaud Patrice 
Published: August 2021

Le traité de Paris du 30 mars 1856, qui acte la naissance de la Commission européenne du Danube prend en compte les problématiques fluviales en les intégrant dans une évolution ambitieuse du droit européen, souhaitée par la France et la Grande-Bretagne. Du Congrès de Paris à celui de Berlin en 1878, les deux premières décennies de l’existence de la commission voient la volonté conjointe et les compétences partagées des deux puissances parvenir à une amélioration spectaculaire de la situation du bas Danube. Malgré les divergences nées d’intérêts économiques différents, et les résistances des empires centre-orientaux (Autriche, Empire ottoman, Russie), l’impulsion franco-britannique donne naissance, sur le Danube, à une expérience pionnière de projection de l’Europe à ses confins orientaux.
La controverse sur le statut religieux de la Sarre (1921-1925) : heurt de logiques entre le Quai d’Orsay et le Vatican
Authors: Coquet Édouard 
Published: August 2021

Entre 1921 et 1925, le Quai d’Orsay cherche à obtenir l’autonomie ecclésiastique du Territoire de la Sarre à l’égard des diocèses allemands, afin d’utiliser le clergé au service de la politique d’influence que mène la France en vue du référendum prévu en 1935. C’est l’un des objectifs principaux que fixe le Quai d’Orsay au rétablissement des relations diplomatiques avec le Saint-Siège (1920-1921). La controverse suscitée par le refus du Saint-Siège est révélatrice des divergences de vue entre les deux parties sur les rapports entre les sphères politique et religieuse : alors que la France reste fidèle à une politique de contrôle du catholicisme, considéré comme un vecteur d’influence, le Saint-Siège défend désormais sa pleine autonomie en matière religieuse à l’égard des États.
Prevalence of risk for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Varadharajan Natarajan , Grover Sandeep 
Published: August 2021

Aim:
To evaluate the prevalence of risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among patients with bipolar disorder (BD).

Methodology:
Eighty-seven patients with BD and 50 matched controls were assessed by using the Berlin questionnaire.

Results:
One-fifth of the patients with BD was found to be at high risk for OSA, compared to the 6% prevalence in the control group. Patients in high risk for OSA were more often females, had significantly higher body mass index, high waist circumference, and comorbid physical illnesses. In terms of pharmacotherapy, there was association of use of antipsychotics with higher risk of OSA at the trend level (p=0.052).

Conclusion:
The prevalence of high risk for OSA is significantly higher among patients with BD and higher prevalence is related to obesity and comorbid physical illnesses.
Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer – An experience from normal India
Authors: Thimmarayappa Arun , Pathy Sushmita , Malik Prabhat Singh , Mallick Supriya , Upadhyay Ashish Dutt 
Published: August 2021

Context:
Chemoradiation is the standard of care in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). Clinical presentation, disease course, and available treatment options are challenges to overcome. Little is known about the ideal timing and interaction of the two modalities, its relevance in day-to-day decision-making and the treatment outcome.

Aims:
The study evaluates the demographic profile, treatment pattern, outcome, and radiotherapy (RT) practice and patient care of LA-NSCLC at a tertiary cancer center.

Setting and Design:
This is a retrospective study from a tertiary cancer centre. Archives of patients of LA-NSCLC treated between June 2016 and June 2018 were included in our study.

Materials and Methods:
Clinical, demographic characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes were recorded. RT practice and patient care process including the integration of RT with other specialties, waiting time, and compliance to treatment were documented and analyzed.

Statistical Analysis:
Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were the primary endpoints of the study. Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis for the factors on OS, and Cox's proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis for cofactors on OS.

Results:
Two hundred and thirty-two patients of lung cancer were treated during the study period. Fifty-four patients were squamous cell carcinoma, 108 were adenocarcinoma, and 12 were others. Out of 59 patients of LA-NSCLC, 34 underwent definitive chemoradiation. The median follow-up was 11 months (0.7–29), median overall treatment time was 44 days, median PFS was 8.9 months (range: 1.6–28.6), and median OS was 9.4 months (1.7–44.8). Time to start any oncological intervention was 1 month (0.1–4.3) and time to start RT was 2.1 months (0.1–5.4). Adherence to treatment was 91.2%. Age ≥65 and performance status ≥2 were significant for OS on univariate analysis and none on multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:
One-third of the cases of NSCLC present in LA stage and a third are suitable for definitive chemoradiation and only 20% undergo the planned treatment.