bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A note on Rayleigh-wave flattening corrections
Authors: North R. G. , Dziewonski A. M. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
The effects of sphericity and gravity upon Rayleigh-wave dispersion are examined. The widely used empirical correction of Bolt and Dorman (1961), although originally determined from a limited set of earth models, appears to predict phase-velocity curves in a spherical gravitating earth from flat earth calculations to almost 1 per cent accuracy, as claimed, for five earth models chosen to reproduce the considerable range of observed dispersion. Its application in the past therefore does not seem likely to have introduced large errors in inversion of such dispersion to determine earth structure. The use of spherical gravitating earth normal mode calculations in computing dispersion is strongly urged: for those without access to the computing facilities required by the complexity of the numerical problem a new empirical correction based on flat earth group velocity is proposed. This predicts Rayleigh-wave phase velocity dispersion in a spherical gravitating earth to better than 0.4 per cent in the period range 10 to 200 sec. Even better precision can be obtained by application of the tables of corrections given for different types of crustal and upper mantle structures.
A study of microseismicity in Northern Baja California, Mexico
Authors: Johnson Tracy L. , Madrid Juan , Koczynski Theodore 
Published: September 2021

abstractFive microearthquake instruments were operated for 2 months in 1974 in a small mobile array deployed at various sites near the Agua Blanca and San Miguel faults. An 80-km-long dection of the San Miguel fault zone is presently active seismically, producing the vast majority of recorded earthquakes. Very low activity was recorded on the Agua Blanca fault. Events were also located near normal faults forming the eastern edge of the Sierra Juarez suggesting that these faults are active. Hypocenters on the San Miguel fault range in depth from 0 to 20 km although two-thirds are in the upper 10 km. A composite focal mechanism showing a mixture of right-lateral and dip slip, east side up, is similar to a solution obtained for the 1956 San Miguel earthquake which proved consistent with observed surface deformation.
COVID-19 and thrombosis
Authors: Verma Kavita , Sharma Anjali , Bulsara Shahzad Sarosh 
Published: September 2021

The first case of novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) was reported in China and undoubtedly today this disease has rapidly crossed borders, infecting people throughout the world. There are heaps of complications related to COVID-19 namely acute respiratory failure, acute liver and kidney injury, bacterial and fungal infections, and septic shock. Vascular thrombosis is another burden that COVID-19 is pilling on to the load of its complications. Venous thromboembolism namely deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism; pulmonary microvasculature thrombosis and systemic arterial thromboembolic events like limb ischemia, myocardial ischemia/infarction and cerebrovascular thrombosis are being increasingly reported in COVID-19 patients.
Our comprehensive experience with tracheostomy in tertiary multi-speciality hospital over four years
Authors: Kapadia Parth B. , Mandal Manit M. , Panchal Ajay J. , Kumar Rakesh , Parmar Neel , Shah Vidhi 
Published: September 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tracheostomy is a common surgical procedure used to achieve a secure airway in patients in elective as well as emergency conditions. Our study accounts for our first-hand experience with the procedure in our tertiary multi-speciality hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It is a four year (January 2017 to February 2021) retrospective study in which all the 246 cases of tracheostomies were taken into account which were performed during this study period in the department of otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research (SMIMER), Surat (India). The patients were thoroughly followed up until the final outcome of the tracheostomy was established. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 246 tracheostomies were performed, 63.82% of which were in men. The mean patient age was 42 years. The majority (76%) were elective, performed for various indications, while the remaining 24% were emergency tracheostomies. All tracheostomies were performed by otorhinolaryngologists. Complications relating to tracheostomy were documented in 40 patients (16%) intra-operatively and/or post-operatively which included bleeding, surgical emphysema, granulations along the stomal site and rarely shock. The mean time to decannulation was 13.48 days.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study takes into account and discusses the findings of all the 246 tracheostomies which were performed during the study period of 4 years. Elective cases form the majority although there is a significant case series of emergency tracheostomies performed for a range of pathologies.</p><p class="Default"> </p>
Social Framework of Collective Memory and Cognitive Problems of Historical Knowledge
Authors: Ionov Igor 
Published: September 2021

The article demonstrates that the cognitive possibilities of historical memory and “living history”, which generates the agenda, questionnaires and source strategies of historians, are closely connected with the social framework of historical memory and, accordingly, with the self-identification of historians. They form cognitive maps that regulate the cognitive activity of a historian. It is shown that the social framework of historical memory within the crisis of globalization is changing rapidly, creating unusual, contradictory and sometimes absurd constellations. This topic is studied in the context of the history of discursive hegemony in historical memory by analyzing the ideas of A. Assmann, J. Laroche, A. Cento Bull and H. L. Hansen, who criticize the current state of historical memory and suggest new versions of it, based on the change of social frameworks and forms of discourse. The project of cosmopolitan memory created by the latter, its advantages and disadvantages are evaluated. The tools of analysis are N. Elias&apos;s theory of “civilization process”, G. Bateson&apos;s theory of schismogenesis, E. Erikson&apos;s theory of self-identification, E. N. Shulga&apos;s concept of pre-understanding. It is shown that cosmopolitan memory, while remaining within the framework of hegemonic discourse, reproduces antagonistic forms of memory. The most productive are the approaches of A. Assmann and S. Conrad, who carefully criticize the situation of cosmopolitan memory, seem to be the most productive. Cultural and historiographical processes in Germany, the British Empire and Southeast Asia served as the main material for the study. The works of N. Ferguson, close to the imperial historical school and the neo-Asianism (reorientalism) of Lee Kuan Yew, in which the values of empire, colonialism and traditionalism are defended in opposition to the ideal of human rights, have been analyzed. It is noted that historians strive to distinguish between the universalism of the idea of humanity and cultural pluralism in dialogue about human rights, which prevents criticism of alien or seemingly alien values outside a situation of cooperation and consensus. The ideal of cross historical memory as the historian&apos;s optimal cognitive tool is put forward.
Integração de atributos topográficos na aplicação de regressões logísticas no mapeamento digital de solos situados em relevos suaves na região noroeste paranaense
Authors: Nowatzki Alexei , José Cordeiro Santos Leonardo 
Published: September 2021

A região noroeste do Paraná é composta por rochas sedimentares do grupo Caiuá, relevos pouco contrastados, clima tropical e ocorrência de Latossolos e Argissolos, que juntos representam mais de 50% dos solos existentes no território nacional. A associação solo-relevo nessa região dificulta o mapeamento pedológico tradicional, principalmente pela falta de parâmetros morfológicos em campo e em gabinete, que possam servir de base para delimitar essas classes de solos. Baseada na relação solo-relevo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um mapeamento digital de solos no baixo curso da bacia hidrográfica do rio Ivaí a partir da integração de atributos topográficos pelo método de regressões logísticas, buscando mapear as unidades de mapeamento Latossolo (UM-01) e Argissolo (UM-02). Os atributos selecionados para geração dos modelos foram: clinografia, índice de posição topográfica, índice de rugosidade do terreno, índice topográfico de umidade (modificado) e plano de curvatura. Os resultados indicaram uma maior distribuição da UM-01 no setor norte da bacia ao passo que a UM-02 foi mais expressiva no setor sul. No total da área de estudo, a unidade de mapeamento referente aos Latossolos representa 45,3%, enquanto dos Argissolos é de 54,7%. Este trabalho demonstrou que mesmo em regiões com predomínio de relevos pouco contrastados é possível atingir resultados confiáveis utilizando o mapeamento digital de solos.
Mapeamento Geomorfológico Regional Semiautomatizado por Descoberta e Modelagem do Conhecimento
Authors: Girão Raphael e Silva , Vicens Raúl Sanchez , De Almeida Julio Cesar Horta , Fernandes Pedro José Farias 
Published: September 2021

O objetivo do presente estudo é a elaboração de um mapa geomorfológico do estado do Rio de Janeiro na escala 1:250.000, a partir do desenvolvimento de uma metodologia que envolva uma abordagem que minimize a subjetividade inerente à atividade de mapeamento geomorfológico, combinando diferentes dados quantitativos/qualitativos e utilizando procedimentos semiautomatizados de mapeamento. Para tal, foram utilizados um sistema de interpretação de imagens baseada em conhecimento e técnicas de descoberta de conhecimento em banco de dados - Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD). A partir desse estudo, conclui-se que: (i) a combinação da análise de imagens baseada em objetos geográficos (GEOBIA) com a KDD obteve bons resultados no mapeamento geomorfológico semiautomatizado, permitindo a utilização de uma grande diversidade dados quantitativos e qualitativos, e, ainda assim, minimizando as subjetividades envolvidas no mapeamento; (ii) apesar dos avanços tecnológicos e metodológicos, o conhecimento do especialista sobre o que está sendo mapeado continua sendo imprescindível, uma vez que as etapas que mais impactaram nos resultados obtidos no mapeamento são diretamente influenciadas por tais conhecimentos: a segmentação e a seleção do conjunto amostral.
Clinical and Pathogenetic Assessment of Relationships Between the Dynamics of Body Weight Changes and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Primary Obesity
Authors: Praskurnichiy E. A. , Morozova O. I. 
Published: September 2021

Aims.To evaluate the impact of body weight dynamics on the clinical course of atrial fibrillation in obese patients.Materials and methods. The study included 101 primary obese patients with paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation. Study design: a retrospective, single-center, comparative study. Retrospectively аccording to the he body weight dynamics, patients were divided into 3 groups: those who increased their body weight by >3 % (Group 1, n=40), maintained their initial body weight by ±2.9 % (Group 2, n=29), and reduced their initial body weight by >3 % (Group 3, n=32). Follow-up examinations by a doctor were carried out at least once every 6 months for minimum 36 months. Change in AF type was determined by disease patterns and 7-day Holter monitoring results. The groups were comparable in gender (p=0,9267), age (p=0,3841), height (p=0,8900), and disease form (Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation /Persistent atrial fibrillation) (p=0,8826), the severity of symptoms on the European Heart Rhythm Association score of atrial fibrillations (p=0,8687) and systolic blood pressure at the beginning of the study (p=0,4500).Results. At the final control examination, the body weight of patients in Group 1 increased by an average of 11,4 [9,3; 13,1] kg (р <0,001*), while weight loss in Group 3 averaged -6,2 [-8,4; -5,3] kg (p <0,001*). The decrease in body weight of Group 2 patients was insignificant (p=0,5377) and amounted to -0,1 [-2,0; 1,3] kg. The progression of the disease from paroxysmal to persistent form was observed among 15 (37 %) patients in Group 1, 9 (31 %) patients — in Group 2, 2 (6 %) patients — in Group 3 (p=0,0079*). The regression of arrhythmia from persistent to paroxysmal form was not registered in group 1 (0 %), in group 2, the reverse development of the disease was noted in 1 patient (3 %) and in group 3 — in 6 patients (19 %) (p=0,0053*). There were no free from AF patients in Group 1 at the final follow-up, while 2 (7 %) patients were free from AF in Group 2 and 7 (22 %) — in Group 3 (р=0,0047*). In patients undergoing ablation, procedural success was determined after a 3-month blind period. The need for interventional procedures to restore the sinus rhythm and their multiplicity when comparing the groups did not differ significantly. However, in a pairwise comparison, the difference between groups 1 and 3 of participants was statistically significant (p=0,0079* and p=0,0374*, respectively). Conclusion. This study demonstrates the relationships between the dynamics of body weight and the clinical course of atrial fibrillation. The progression of obesity leads to the progression of the disease. Weight-loss management reverses the type and natural progression of AF, improves the prognosis and the course of disease, regardless of other significant risk factors, increases the anti-arrhythmic therapy effect and the effect of interventional treatment.
O rural civilizado: a experiência do hipismo no Jacarepaguá Tênis Clube (Rio de Janeiro; 1940-1957) = El rural civilizado: La experiencia de la hípica en el Jacarepaguá Tênis Clube (Rio de Janeiro; 1940-1957) = The civilized rural: The equestrian experience of Jacarepaguá Tênis Clube (Rio de Janeiro; 1940-1957)
Authors: De Melo Víctor Andrade 
Published: September 2021

ResumoFundado em 1939, o Jacarepaguá Tênis Clube foi uma das únicas agremiações dos subúrbios cariocas a ter uma equipe de hipismo, modalidade usualmente praticada por gente de estrato socioeconômico alto. Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir essa experiência esportiva considerando que as iniciativas associativas são relevantes indicadores dos processos de urbanização, conformação de identidades e constituição do território. Adotou-se o recorte temporal de 1941 a 1957, período em que a equitação existiu no clube investigado. Como fontes, foram utilizados revistas e jornais publicados no Rio de Janeiro. Ao final, conclui-se que o incentivo ao esporte equestre foi mobilizado no sentido de forjar uma boa imagem para o clube, o apresentando como expressão do rural civilizado que caracterizaria o bairro. ResumenFundado en 1939, Jacarepaguá Tênis Clube fue uno de los únicos clubes de los suburbios de Río de Janeiro que contó con un equipo de hípica, modalidad que habitualmente practican personas de alto nivel socioeconómico. Este artículo tiene el objetivo de discutir, desde su repercusión pública, la experiencia de esta sociedad deportiva considerando que las iniciativas asociativas son indicadores relevantes de los procesos de urbanización, conformación de identidades y producción del espacio. Se adoptó el marco temporal de 1941 a 1957, período en el que existía la equitación en el club investigado. Como fuentes se utilizaron principalmente revistas y periódicos publicados en Río de Janeiro. Al final, se concluye que el incentivo al deporte ecuestre se movilizó con el fin de forjar una buena imagen para el club, presentándolo como una expresión de lo rural civilizado que caracterizaría al barrio. AbstractFounded in 1939, Jacarepaguá Tênis Clube was one of the only clubs in the suburbs of Rio de Janeiro that had a team of horse riding, a sport usually practiced by people from high socioeconomic strata. This article aims to discuss, from its public repercussion, the experience of this sports society considering that associative initiatives are important indicators of processes of the urbanization, formation of identities and space production. The time frame from 1941 to 1957 was adopted, a period in which horse riding existed in the investigated club. As sources, they were used mostly magazines and newspapers published in Rio de Janeiro. It is concluded that the incentive to equestrian sport was mobilized in order to build a good image for the club, presenting it as an expression of the civilized rural that would characterize the neighbourhood.
Early Mesozoic Rare-Metal Granites and Metasomatites of Mongolia: Mineral and Geochemical Features and Hosted Ore Mineralization (Baga Gazriin Chuluu Pluton)
Authors: Antipin V.S. , Kushch L.V. , Odgerel D. , Belozerova O.Yu. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
—We present results of petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical study of all types of rocks of a multiphase pluton and consider the chemical evolution of igneous and metasomatic rocks of the Baga Gazriin Chuluu pluton, based on new precise analytical data. At the early stage of their formation, the pluton granites were already enriched in many trace elements (Li, Rb, Cs, Be, Nb, Ta, Th, and U), F, and HREE relative to the upper continental crust. They show strong negative Ba, Sr, La, and Eu anomalies, which is typical of rare-metal Li–F granites. The geochemical evolution of the Baga Gazriin Chuluu multiphase pluton at the postmagmatic stage was marked by the most intense enrichment of greisens and microclinites with lithophile and ore elements (Sn, W, and Zn) and the formation of ore mineralization. In the permeable rift zone where the Baga Gazriin Chuluu pluton is located, the fluid–magma interaction took place under the impact of a mantle plume. High-temperature mantle fluids caused melting of the crustal substratum, which determined the geochemical specifics of Li–F granite intrusions. Genesis of granitic magma enriched in Li, F, Rb, Sn, and Ta is possible at the low degrees of melting of the lower crustal substratum. The Baga Gazriin Chuluu pluton formed in the upper horizons of the Earth’s crust, where magma undergoes strong differentiation and the saturation of fluids with volatiles can lead to the postmagmatic formation of metasomatites of varying alkalinity (zwitters (greisens), microclinites, and albitites) producing rare-metal mineralization. By the example of the early Mesozoic magmatism area of Mongolia, it is shown that the formation of granites and associated rare-metal minerals is due to the interaction of mantle fluids with the crustal material and the subsequent evolution of granitic magmas.
A New Strategy for Using Historical Imbalanced Yield Data to Conduct Genome-Wide Association Studies and Develop Genomic Prediction Models for Wheat Breeding
Authors: Chu Chenggen , Wang Shichen , Rudd Jackie C. , Ibrahim Amir M.H. , Xue Qingwu , Devkota Ravindra N. , Baker Jason A. , Baker Shannon , Simoneaux Bryan , Opena Geraldine , Dong Haixiao , Liu Xiaoxiao , Jessup Kirk E. , Chen Ming-Shun , Hui Kele , Metz Richard , Johnson Charles D. , Zhang Zhiwu S. , Liu Shuyu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Using imbalanced historical yield data to predict performance and select new lines is an arduous breeding task. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and high throughput genotyping based on sequencing techniques can increase prediction accuracy. An association mapping panel of 227 Texas elite (TXE) wheat breeding lines was used for GWAS and a training population to develop prediction models for grain yield selection. An imbalanced set of yield data collected from 102 environments (year-by-location) over ten years, through testing yield in 40–66 lines each year at 6–14 locations with 38–41 lines repeated in the test in any two consecutive years, was used. Based on correlations among data from different environments within two adjacent years and heritability estimated in each environment, yield data from 87 environments were selected and assigned to two correlation-based groups. The yield best linear unbiased estimation (BLUE) from each group, along with reaction to greenbug and Hessian fly in each line, were used for GWAS to reveal genomic regions associated with yield and insect resistance. A total of 74 genomic regions were associated with grain yield and two of them were commonly detected in both correlation-based groups. Greenbug resistance in TXE lines was mainly controlled by Gb3 on chromosome 7DL in addition to two novel regions on 3DL and 6DS, and Hessian fly resistance was conferred by the region on 1AS. Genomic prediction models developed in two correlation-based groups were validated using a set of 105 new advanced breeding lines and the model from correlation-based group G2 was more reliable for prediction. This research not only identified genomic regions associated with yield and insect resistance but also established the method of using historical imbalanced breeding data to develop a genomic prediction model for crop improvement.
Supratotal Resection of Glioblastoma Allows Better Survival Outcomes Than Gross Total Resection
Authors: Baik Seung Hyun , Kim So Yeon , Na Young Chul , Cho Jin Mo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: Supra-total resection (SupTR) of glioblastoma allows superior long-term disease control and increases overall survival. On the other hand, aggressive conventional approaches, including gross total resections (GTR), are limited by the impairment risk of adjacent eloquent areas, which may cause severe postoperative functional morbidity. This study aimed to analyze institutional cases with respect to the potential survival benefits of additional resection, including lobectomy, as a paradigm for SupTR in patients of glioblastoma.Methods: Between 2014 and 2018, 15 patients with glioblastoma underwent GTR and additional lobectomy at our institution. The postoperative Karnofsky performance score (KPS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed for the patients.Results: Patients with SupTR showed significantly prolonged PFS and OS. The median PFS and OS values for the entire study group were 33.5 months (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 18.5–57.3 months) and 49.1 months (95% CI: 24.7–86.6 months), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that O6-DNA-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status was the only predictor for both superior PFS (p = 0.03, OR 5.7, 95% CI 1.0–49.8) and OS (p = 0.04, OR 6.5, 95% CI 1.1–40.2). There was no significant difference between the pre- and post-operative KPS scores. Conclusions: Our results strongly suggest that SupTR with lobectomy allows superior PFS and OS without negatively affecting the patient performance.