bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing food security and environmental sustainability by optimizing seasonal-spatial crop production in Bangladesh
Authors: Li Man , Guo Zhe , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The intensification of crop production has been identified as one of the major drivers of environmental degradation. While significant advances could still be made with more widespread adoption of sustainable intensification technologies that address the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers, the dynamic use of agricultural land across seasons and associated crop-specific responses to fertilizer applications have so far been largely overlooked. This paper explores the potential for improving the economic-environmental performance of crop production through spatially integrated modeling and optimization, as applied to Bangladesh. Results show that per-billion-Taka nitrogen loss from soil would decline by 83% from the baseline level through factoring in crop-specific, seasonal and spatial variations in crop nitrogen-use efficiency and nitrogen transport. The approach should complement other policy analysis and decision-support tools to assess alternative options for maximizing the positive outcomes of nitrogen fertilizers with regard to farm income and food security, while maintaining environmental sustainability.
Preparation of dodecyltrimethoxysilane surface organic LDHs and application in aging resistance of SBS modified bitumen
Authors: Zhang Canlin , Chen Minxuan , Yu Meng , Wang Ting , Chen Guochuan , He Jun , Hu Changbin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDodecyltrimethoxysilane surface organic layered double hydroxides (LDHs) was synthesized and used to improve the aging resistance of SBS modified bitumen (SMB), According to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction and Contact angle meter, dodecyltrimethoxysilane has been chemically grafted onto the surface of LDHs and will not affect the crystal structure of LDHs. After dodecyltrimethoxysilane surface organic modification, the -OH on the surface of LDHs was decreased, meanwhile, some organic groups were introduced into LDHs, which contributed to reducing the surface hydrophilicity of LDHs. Then, the physical, rheological properties and chemical structure of SMB containing OLDHs and LDHs before and after aging were studied thoroughly. Compared with LDHs, the compatibility of OLDHs in SMB has been significantly enhanced. Furthermore, OLDHs modified SMB exhibited more excellent high-temperature behavior. After aging, bitumen was oxidized and SBS was degraded, the physical and rheological properties of SMB were seriously deteriorated. The addition of LDHs can suppress the destruction of aging on the performance and chemical structure of SBM, and enhance the aging resistance of SBM. The enhancement of LDHs has been notably strengthened after dodecyltrimethoxysilane surface organic modification.
Laser ablation in liquids for nanomaterial synthesis: diversities of targets and liquids
Authors: Zhang Dongshi , Li Zhuguo , Sugioka Koji 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The demand is growing for new nanoscience-based technologies with unique properties that are different from traditional wet-chemical techniques. In recent years, laser ablation in liquid (LAL) has attracted increasing attention for nanomaterial synthesis, which has rapidly advanced both fundamental research and applications. Compared to other techniques, LAL is easy to set up and simple to perform. A large diversity of bulk and powder targets can be employed for LAL, which combined with an enormous variety of liquids, greatly diversify the nanomaterials that can be synthesized by LAL in terms of size, composition, shape, and structure. Although many reviews related to LAL have been published, a comprehensively thorough introduction that deals with the diversity of the targets and liquids used for LAL is still missing. To fill this gap, this review gives a comprehensive summary of the nanomaterials synthesized by LAL using different types of target and liquid, with an emphasis on the effects of liquids on the final nanoproducts. In order to provide a better understanding of the liquids’ effects, this review also discusses liquid additives such as salts, polymers, support materials, and their mixtures. Since many reactions occur during LAL, the scope of reactive laser ablation in liquid (RLAL) is redefined, and the representative reactions for each type of liquid used for LAL are summarized and highlighted. Consequently, this review will be a useful guide for researchers developing desirable nanomaterials via LAL.
Degradation in lithium ion battery current collectors
Authors: Guo Liya , Thornton Daisy B , Koronfel Mohamed A , Stephens Ifan E L , Ryan Mary P 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Lithium ion battery (LIB) technology is the state-of-the-art rechargeable energy storage technology for electric vehicles, stationary energy storage and personal electronics. However, a wide variety of degradation effects still contribute to performance limitations. The metallic copper and aluminium current collectors in an LIB can be subject to dissolution or other reactions with the electrolytes. Corrosion of these metal foils is significantly detrimental to the overall performance of an LIB, however the mechanisms of this degradation are poorly understood. This review summarises the key effects contributing to metal current collector degradation in LIBs as well as introduces relevant corrosion and LIB principles. By developing the understanding of these complex chemistries, LIB degradation can be mitigated, enabling safer operation and longer lifetimes.
Orthogonality relations on certain homogeneous spaces
Authors: Leung Chi-Wai 
Published: June 2021

Let

G
G

be a locally compact group and let

K
K

be its closed subgroup. Write

G
^

K

\widehat {G}_{K}

for the set of irreducible representations with non-zero

K
K

-invariant vectors. We call a pair

(
G
,
K
)

(G,K)

admissible if for each irreducible representation

(
π
,

V

π

)

(\pi , V_{\pi })

in

G
^

K

\widehat {G}_{K}

, its

K
K

-invariant subspace

V

π

K

V_{\pi }^{K}

is of finite dimension. For each

π
\pi

in

G
^

K

\widehat {G}_{K}

, let

π

v

i

,

ξ
¯

j

\pi _{v_{i}, \overline {\xi }_{j}}

’s

(

π

v

i

,

ξ
¯

j

(
g
K
)
≔
⟨

v

i

,
π
(
g
)

ξ

j

⟩
)

(\pi _{v_{i}, \overline {\xi }_{j}}(gK)≔\langle v_{i}, \pi (g)\xi _{j}\rangle )

be the matrix coefficeints on

G

/

K

G/K

induced by fixed orthonormal bases

{

v

i

}

\{v_{i}\}

and

{

ξ

j

}

\{\xi _{j}\}

for

V

π

V_{\pi }

and

V

π

K

V_{\pi }^{K}

respectively. A probability measure

μ
\mu

on

G

/

K

G/K

is called a spectral measure if there is a subset

Γ
\Gamma

of

G
^

K

\widehat {G}_{K}

such that the set of all such matrix coefficients

π

v

i

,

ξ
¯

j

,

π
∈
Γ
,

\pi _{v_{i}, \overline {\xi }_{j}},\ \pi \in \Gamma ,

constitutes an orthonormal basis for

L

2

(
G

/

K
,
μ
)

L^{2}(G/K, \mu )

with some suitable normalization of these matrix coordinate functions.

In this paper, we shall give a characterization of a spectral measure for an admissible pair

(
G
,
K
)

(G,K)

by using the Fourier transform on

G

/

K

G/K

. Also, from this we show that there is a “local translation” (we call it locally regular representation in the sequel) of

G
G

on

L

2

(
G

/

K
,
μ
)

L^{2}(G/K, \mu )

under a mild condition. This will give us some necessary conditions for the existence of spectral measures. In particular, the atomic spectral measures of finite supports for Gelfand pairs are studied.
Unfazed: parent-of-origin detection for large and small de novo variants
Authors: Belyeu Jonathan R , Sasani Thomas A , Pedersen Brent S , Quinlan Aaron R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Summary
Unfazed is a command-line tool to determine the parental gamete of origin for de novo mutations from paired-end Illumina DNA sequencing reads. Unfazed uses variant information for a sequenced trio to identify the parental gamete of origin by linking phase-informative inherited variants to de novo mutations using read-based phasing. It achieves a high success rate by chaining reads into haplotype groups, thus increasing the search space for informative sites. Unfazed provides a simple command-line interface and scales well to large inputs, determining parent-of-origin for nearly 30 000 de novo variants in under 60 h.

Availability and implementation
Unfazed is available at https://github.com/jbelyeu/unfazed.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Hope during and Post-Disasters: Social Work’s Role in Creating and Nurturing Emancipatory Hope
Authors: Boddy Jennifer , O’Leary Patrick , Panagiotaros Chris Victor 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDisasters pose fundamental tests to human resilience not only for physical survival but also on socio-political civility. Internationally, armed conflict remains a significant problem for human security causing humanitarian crises, such as forced migration and food shortages. Globally, there is an increasing recognition that disasters have moved from random events of nature to an increased consciousness that human activity has escalated the frequency and severity of climate catastrophes such as wildfires, famines, storms and rising sea levels. Alongside communities, social work has a critical role to play in preparing and responding to disasters and working with people to rebuild, maintain and achieve their hopes. This article broadens social work’s orientation to hope beyond the therapeutic ‘installation of hope’ by including emancipatory hope in the context of disasters and recovery. Drawing from Braithwaite’s work, this article describes a framework for practice, which advocates for the strategic integration of cognitive change (aligned with Snyder’s view of hope) and structural change (aligned with emancipatory hope) that social workers could mobilise before, during and after disasters. We argue that whilst social workers must build individual psychological hope, this cannot be done without structural change and advocacy to enable viable pathways for achieving hopes.
DNA methylation at birth potentially mediates the association between prenatal lead (Pb) exposure and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes
Authors: Rygiel Christine A , Dolinoy Dana C , Bakulski Kelly M , Aung Max T , Perng Wei , Jones Tamara R , Solano-González Maritsa , Hu Howard , Tellez-Rojo Martha M , Schnaas Lourdes , Marcela Erika , Peterson Karen E , Goodrich Jaclyn M 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEarly-life lead (Pb) exposure has been linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Recent evidence has indicated a critical role of DNA methylation (DNAm) in cognition, and Pb exposure has also been shown to alter DNAm. However, it is unknown whether DNAm is part of the mechanism of Pb neurotoxicity. This longitudinal study investigated the associations between trimester-specific (T1, T2, and T3) maternal blood Pb concentrations, gene-specific DNAm in umbilical cord blood, and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 and 24 months of age (mental development index, psychomotor development index, and behavioral rating scale of orientation/engagement and emotional regulation) among 85 mother–infant pairs from the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) study. In the mediation analysis for this pilot study, P &lt; 0.1 was considered significant. DNAm at a locus in CCSER1 (probe ID cg02901723) mediated the association between T2 Pb on 24-month orientation/engagement [indirect effect estimate 4.44, 95% confidence interval (−0.09, 10.68), P = 0.06] and emotional regulation [3.62 (−0.05, 8.69), P = 0.05]. Cg18515027 (GCNT1) DNAm mediated the association of T1 Pb [−4.94 (−10.6, −0.77), P = 0.01] and T2 Pb [−3.52 (−8.09, −0.36), P = 0.02] with 24-month EMOCI, but there was a positive indirect effect estimate between T2 Pb and 24-month psychomotor development index [1.25 (−0.11, 3.32), P = 0.09]. The indirect effect was significant for cg19703494 (TRAPPC6A) DNAm in the association between T2 Pb and 24-month mental development index [1.54 (0, 3.87), P = 0.05]. There was also an indirect effect of cg23280166 (VPS11) DNAm on T3 Pb and 24-month EMOCI [2.43 (−0.16, 6.38), P = 0.08]. These associations provide preliminary evidence for gene-specific DNAm as mediators between prenatal Pb and adverse cognitive outcomes in offspring.
Necrotizing myopathy presenting as congestive heart failure and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias: a case report
Authors: Lim Kyunghee , Park Jong Sung , Yoon Byeol-A , Han Song-Hee 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy is a rare subtype of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy; however, it can be associated with fatal cardiac manifestations.

Case summary
A 58-year-old female patient was referred for congestive heart failure with dysrhythmia. Electrocardiograms showed ventricular arrhythmias of various QRS complex morphologies and coupling intervals with beat-to-beat differences. Despite optimal medical therapy for heart failure, the patient was admitted for the progression of dyspnoea and generalized motor weakness. The burden of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia gradually increased, and ventricular fibrillation eventually occurred. In view of a differential diagnosis of an inflammatory myocardial diseases such as sarcoidosis, a cardiac biopsy was performed. However, pathologic examinations revealed only necrotic muscle fibres without granuloma. Further examinations revealed proximal dominant motor weakness, an elevated serum creatinine-phosphokinase level, myogenic potentials on needle electromyography, and biceps muscle biopsy findings that were compatible with necrotizing autoimmune myopathy. High-dose steroid therapy improved the patient’s motor weakness, including her respiratory impairment, and successfully suppressed ventricular arrhythmias.

Discussion
This case suggests that intensive immunosuppressive therapy with high-dose steroid could be useful in the necrotizing autoimmune myopathy manifested as congestive heart failure and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.
A case report of successful complex percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome in a paediatric patient with familial hypercholesterolaemia
Authors: Deshpande Mrunmayee , Phadke Milind , Khan Abid Talha , Mahajan Ajay U 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a primary genetic dyslipidaemia characterized by elevation in serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and its deposition in systemic arteries, which causes premature atherosclerosis.

Case summary
A 10-year-old girl presented with severe symptomatic coronary artery disease. She demonstrated characteristic morphological features of FH. Despite aggressive medical management and lipid-lowering therapy, her symptoms were not relieved and she had dynamic electrocardiogram changes. Coronary angiography showed a distal left main coronary artery lesion along with significant lesions in ostio-proximal and mid-left circumflex artery which were managed by provisional left main coronary artery to left circumflex artery stenting technique, with good immediate- and short-term results and angina relief.

Discussion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a paediatric patient with FH and acute coronary syndrome treated with percutaneous coronary intervention to left main coronary artery and left circumflex artery using provisional stenting technique. Revascularization strategies for symptomatic coronary artery disease in paediatric patients with FH have multiple unique challenges and remain an unexplored and under-reported subject.
Anakinra treats fulminant myocarditis fromNeisseria meningitidissepticaemia and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report
Authors: Thomson Ross J , Singh Animesh , Knight Daniel S , Buckley Jim , Lamb Lucy E , Captur Gabriella 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundFulminant myocarditis is a life-threatening condition characterized by acute cardiac dysfunction requiring pharmacological or mechanical circulatory support. Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an uncommon state of immune dysregulation and overactivation. Inflammation mediated by interleukin-1 (IL-1) is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of myocarditis and HLH, and there is some evidence that the IL-1 receptor antagonist Anakinra may play a role in treating both these conditions.Case summaryA 26-year-old previously healthy male presented to the Emergency Department with a 3-day history of malaise, headache, vomiting, diarrhoea, and fever. He was profoundly hypotensive on arrival, diagnosed with septic shock, and commenced on broad-spectrum antibiotics and vasopressors. Blood tests showed lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, low fibrinogen and elevated high sensitivity troponin T, ferritin, and C-reactive protein. Echocardiography demonstrated severely impaired biventricular systolic function and a diagnosis of fulminant myocarditis was made. His condition deteriorated and he required intubation and additional inotropic support. A diagnosis of HLH was made and he was commenced on Anakinra and Methylprednisolone. His condition improved rapidly thereafter. Polymerase chain reaction testing subsequently confirmed infection with Neisseria meningitidis.DiscussionIn this case, fulminant myocarditis and HLH were life-threatening manifestations of meningococcal septicaemia, and the patient’s condition improved rapidly following administration of the IL-1 receptor antagonist Anakinra. These complications should be borne in mind in septic patients with marked haemodynamic instability and multiorgan dysfunction, and treatment with Anakinra should be considered in those who fail to respond to conventional therapy.
Lifestyle, cardiometabolic disease, and multimorbidity in a prospective Chinese study
Authors: Han Yuting , Hu Yizhen , Yu Canqing , Guo Yu , Pei Pei , Yang Ling , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Sun Dianjianyi , Pang Yuanjie , Chen Ningyu , Clarke Robert , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Li Liming , Lv Jun ,   on behalf of the China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group
Published: June 2021

AbstractAims The potential difference in the impacts of lifestyle factors (LFs) on progression from healthy to first cardiometabolic disease (FCMD), subsequently to cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM), and further to death is unclear.Methods and results We used data from the China Kadoorie Biobank of 461 047 adults aged 30–79 free of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes at baseline. Cardiometabolic multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of two or three CMDs, including ischaemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We used multi-state model to analyse the impacts of high-risk LFs (current smoking or quitting because of illness, current excessive alcohol drinking or quitting, poor diet, physical inactivity, and unhealthy body shape) on the progression of CMD. During a median follow-up of 11.2 years, 87 687 participants developed at least one CMD, 14 164 developed CMM, and 17 541 died afterwards. Five high-risk LFs played crucial but different roles in all transitions from healthy to FCMD, to CMM, and then to death. The hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) per one-factor increase were 1.20 (1.19, 1.21) and 1.14 (1.11, 1.16) for transitions from healthy to FCMD, and from FCMD to CMM, and 1.21 (1.19, 1.23), 1.12 (1.10, 1.15), and 1.10 (1.06, 1.15) for mortality risk from healthy, FCMD, and CMM, respectively. When we further divided FCMDs into IHD, ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, and T2D, we found that LFs played different roles in disease-specific transitions even within the same transition stage.Conclusion Assuming causality exists, our findings emphasize the significance of integrating comprehensive lifestyle interventions into both health management and CMD management.
Healthcare system and social trust in the fight against COVID-19: the case of France
Authors: Amdaoud Mounir , Arcuri Giuseppe , Levratto Nadine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19, like all pandemics, has territorial specificities that need to be considered: the impact of the COVID-19 crisis strongly differs not only across countries, but also across regions, districts and municipalities within countries. There are several factors that, potentially, can contribute to the differentiated impact of COVID-19, and explain the disparities seen among areas. This study aims to contribute to this debate by analyzing the role of health system and social trust in lessening the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in French ‘départements’.MethodsThe data used in this study have been provided by the INSEE and the French Ministry of Health. Database is made up of the 96 ‘départements’ of metropolitan France. We use spatial analysis techniques to identify the groups of areas that are particularly affected, and to test the influence of local socio-economic factors on the spread of the epidemic.ResultsOur exploratory spatial analysis reveals the heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation of the disease. The use of spatial econometric models, then, allows us to highlight the impact of emergency services, and social capital in reducing the exposition to COVID-19. Our results also report on the role of spillover effects between neighbouring areas.ConclusionsThis research shows that, although individual characteristics are important factors in explaining the probability of contracting COVID-19 disease, health care services and social trust factors also play a significant role in curbing the epidemic’s outbreak. These findings should have an interest for policy makers in the prevention of future waves of COVID-19 pandemic.