bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Subretinal Neovascular Membrane at the Drain Site of a Scleral Buckle
Authors: Holland Peter M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 57-year-old patient underwent a scleral buckle operation for a rhegmatogenous bullous retinal detachment. An episcleral buckle and cryotherapy were used. Drainage of subretinal fluid was performed beneath the buckle as well as posterior to the buckle, close to the posterior pole. The postoperative course was unremarkable. Eight months later, the patient developed a subretinal neovascular membrane at the drain site posterior to the buckle. This was documented by fluorescein angiography. Such membranes have not been previously documented at retinal drain sites in an ophthalmic journal.
In Vitro Evaluation of Cellular Inhibitory Potential of Various Antineoplastic Drugs and Dexamethasone
Authors: Fiscella Richard , Peyman Gholan A , Elvart Judy , Yue Beatrice 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We evaluated the in vitro cellular inhibitory rates of eight antineoplastic agents and dexamethasone for rabbit retinal pigment epithelial cells and rabbit corneal fibroblasts. Doxorubicin was the most effective chemotherapeutic agent to inhibit cellular proliferation ( - 90%). Compared to the controls, the percentage variation in cell number for single agents ranged from +26% to -90%. Chemotherapy drugs in combination also were evaluated and found to be not superior to the single agents. Cellular inhibitory rates for combination agents ranged from -34% to -72%. Dexamethasone in the concentrations used did not significantly inhibit or stimulate cellular proliferation.
Emergency Orbital Decompression
Authors: Bedrossian Robert H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Blindness from orbital hemorrhage following surgery, direct trauma, and remote trauma is not common. Compression cyanosis is a rare condition which may cause blindness. Non-ocular injuries may direct attention elsewhere and emergency surgical procedures may be necessary to save life. Orbital decompression can be carried out simultaneously with the other surgery. One case of blindness from abdominal compression and another with orbital, chest, and arm trauma are presented of patients who had emergency orbital decompression along with their other surgical procedures.
The Slipped Rectus Muscle
Authors: Hiller Tyrie Lee , Nelson Leonard B , Brown Gary C , Fischer David H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A slipped rectus muscle may occur as a result of ophthalmic surgery or ocular trauma. We reviewed seven cases of slipped rectus muscles following retinal detachment surgery, strabismus surgery, or trauma. Diagnosis, etiology, treatment, and prevention are discussed.
Inferior Turbinate Fracture in the Treatment of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction and Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Anomaly
Authors: Wesley Ralph E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A group of 52 pediatric patients with lacrimal obstruction were considered to be high risk since they had been previously probed (27 patients) or were older (average age 23 months). At the time of probe and irrigation, a small, straight hemostat was placed into the nose to grasp the inferior turbinate and rotate it a full 90° inward. AU cases of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (49) resolved following this maneuver. A small muscle hook with the tip directed upward was placed underneath the inferior turbinate to identify three patients with congenital nasolacrimal duct anomaly (absence or atresia of the nasolacrimal duct) who would not have benefitted from further probings and responded to dacryocystorhinostomy.
Even though the results of our uncontrolled surgical trial cannot be compared to other treatment methods, the data suggest that even very difficult cases of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction will respond to a simple turbinate fracture with a hemostat without the necessity of complicated tubes or stents. A small muscle hook can be used to identify those rare cases of congenital nasolacrimal duct anomaly who may require specialized procedures such as dacryocystorhinostomy or inferior turbinectomy.
Painful Bullous Keratopathy Following Pediatric Cataract Surgery With Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Rozenman Yascov , Folberg Robert , Nelson Leonard B , Cohen Elisabeth J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A child with a history of a monocular congenital cataract, cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation at age three developed Pseudophakie bullous keratopathy which persisted following intraocular lens removal and vitrectomy two years later. At age nine she presented to the Cornea Service at Wills Eye Hospital with painful bullous keratopathy and underwent a penetrating keratoplasty and anterior vitrectomy. The case is presented to bring attention to potential long-term corneal complications of pediatric cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation.
The Significance of Normal Angle Vessels
Authors: Shihab Zuhair M , Lee Pei-Fei 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
One hundred patients (200 eyes) were examined over a one-year period for the presence of normal anterior chamber angle vessels. Normal vessels were observed in the angle in 21% of eyes examined. The types, location, and number of normal vessels are documented. The significance of these vessels in two eyes with anterior chamber angle fixated lenses is discussed.
A Study of 200 Cases of Anterior Chamber Implants
Authors: Ciccarelli Eugene C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In a series of 200 eyes with Choyce or Leiske style anterior chamber implants followed for an average of 19 months, final visual acuity averaged 20/30. Eighty-four percent of patients were 20/40 or better and 8% 20/100 or worse at the end of the period of observation. Cystoid macular edema occurred in 17% with most cases occurring during the first seven months. Visual loss averaged two lines and duration averaged eight months. All but one patient with adequate follow-up recovered. Cystoid macular edema appeared to be more frequent in patients who were "blinkers." The incidence of "new" glaucoma in this study was 2%. Ovalling of the pupil occurred in 46% of eyes, more frequently late than early. Early development of ovalling was more likely to be associated with imperfect implant positioning than was late.
Imperfect implant position occurred in 40% of cases and inadequate early fixation resulting in propellering or rotation in 16%. Rotation was not associated with imperfect implant position. No cases of severe iritis were encountered. Pigment dispersion and vitreous herniating anterior to the optic were observed in a few eyes. No cases of corneal decompensation occurred although two eyes had minor to moderate changes.
The incidence of subsequent procedures was a low 6%, helping to contribute to the high ratio of patient satisfaction. Mild tenderness and glare were the chief postoperative symptoms.
The Use of the Single Stage Molteno Long Tube Seton in Treating Resistant Cases of Glaucoma
Authors: Freedman Jeffrey 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The Molteno long tube seton was used in 12 eyes with glaucoma. The seton was inserted in one stage. Seven of the 12 eyes had previous filtration surgery which had failed. All the eyes had intraocular pressures below 24 mm Hg over an average follow-up period of 14 months. Prolonged postoperative hypotony was the biggest problem following seton implantation as a one-stage procedure. One of the eyes became pthisical. The Molteno seton may be used to treat neovascular glaucoma, or glaucoma which has failed to respond to previous filtration surgery.
Delayed Socket Granuloma Formation Following Evisceration
Authors: Weinstein Gary S , Anderson Richard L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a rare granuloma of the socket that simulated a conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in a patient treated with evisceration six and a half years earlier. An excisional biopsy revealed loose connective tissue with marked capillary proliferation and lymphocytic infiltration. The cut end of a silicone exoplant, used to treat a preceding traumatic retinal detachment, was found at the base of the lesion. Prior operative procedures should be reviewed in patients presenting with socket lesions to exclude the presence of an iatrogenic foreign body.
Possible Intraocular Lens Contamination by Surgical Glove Powder
Authors: Bene Catherine , Kranias George 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Contamination of the operative field by glove powders, even after washing and wiping, is a well-described entity. We present a case of presumed secondary intraocular lens contamination by surgical glove powder. This complication can be avoided by being sure that no intraocular surgical instruments or implants are directly handled by the fingers.
Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty in a Residency Program
Authors: Khan Kassim A , Lederer Charles M , Willoughby Lee 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The following article discusses the outcome of 60 eyes with various forms of glaucoma undergoing resident-performed argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT). The majority (46/60) of eyes had primary open-angle glaucoma. Decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) was not as great as reported in the literature. Our results suggest that initially treating 180° of the angle is associated with improved overall results. ALT has proved to be a safe and effective alternative to conventional surgery for glaucoma in a residency training setting.
Treatment of Chalazia with Corticosteroid Injections
Authors: King Robert A , Ellis Philip P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Of 34 chalazia injected with triamcinolone acetate, 29 resolved after one or two injections. Larger lesions frequently required a second injection. During a six-month follow-up period, there were five recurrences; all occurred in lesions originally measuring larger than 36 sq mm. The response to intralesional corticosteroid injection was similar in all age groups and in lesions of short and long duration. Intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetate offers an acceptable alternative or adjunct to incision and curettage in the management of chalazia.
Surgical Techniques for Giant Retinal Tears With Retinal Tacks
Authors: Ando Fumitaka , Kondo Junko 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In order to repair an inverted retinal flap on the choroid in case of retinal detachment with giant tears, the authors have developed a retinal tack made of acetalcopoly meri sate. The tack is very durable and should remain inactive in the human body, owing to its stability under conditions of heat, alkali and acid.
Manipulating the tack is adequately easy; the procedure and the tacks themselves appear to be well tolerated by the eye. The detailed design of the tack and its method of use are described in this report.
Prostaglandin Release Following Nd: YAG Iridotomy in Rabbits
Authors: Gailitis Ray , Peyman Gholam A , Pulido Jose , Mitchell Murray D , Weinreb Robert M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In this study, iridotomies were performed in nine rabbit eyes using an Nd: YAG laser at 5.2 ml, three pulses/burst, for one burst. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in aqueous humor obtained at timed intervals after treatment was then measured using a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay. Concentrations of PGE2 (mean ± SD pg/ml) were: pretreatment, 377±89; 30 minutes, 1858 ±241; 120 minutes, 735+308; and 240 minutes, 401±59, postoperatively. The release of PGE2 into the aqueous humor parallels the rise in intraocular pressure following Nd: YAG iridotomies in rabbits and thus may contribute to this phenomenon.
Factors Affecting the Results of Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty in Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Traverso Carlo E , Spaeth George L , Starita Richard J , Fellman Ronald L , Greenidge Kevin C , Poryzees Effie 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) was performed in 232 eyes of 180 patients affected by uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), exfoliation syndrome glaucoma (ESG) or pigment dispersion syndrome glaucoma (PDSG). Mean follow-up was 9 months (3-22). Mean IOP change was -21.6% (±19) from the initial value. The effect of IOP was larger in patients with ESG, PDSG, and in POAG cases with more pigmented trabecular meshwork. No relationship was found between IOP changes and age or refraction of patients; the association with iridoplasty did not influence final results. An Octopus computerized perimeter was used for pre and post-treatment visual field tests. In 113 eyes Octopus exams met the requirements for quantitative analysis. In this group 17% of visual field improved, 64% remained stable and 19% worsened. A good functional response was more frequent among the eyes with less advanced disease.
Ocular Findings in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Authors: Stern Robert M , Beauchamp George R , Berlin A Jan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is the most common benign neoplasm of the nasopharynx. While histologically benign, it has the propensity for aggressive local growth. This highly vascular tumor predominantly occurs in adolescent males. The literature fails to provide a thorough description of ocular complications and their incidence in JNA. This report summarizes the data from those clinical series detailing ocular findings in a total of 218 JNA cases. Exophthalmos was found in 14% of all cases. Decreased visual acuity and partial ophthalmoplegia occurred in 5% and 2% respectively. Recognition of ocular involvement in JNA is of the utmost importance, for it is often a manifestation of orbital or intracranial extension or both. We describe the diagnosis and management of a case of JNA in a five-year-old white male. The patient developed ocular findings of marked exophthalmos and optic atrophy. Early multidisciplinary diagnostic evaluation (otolaryngological, neurosurgical, and ophthalmological) followed by a team surgical approach to excision is most likely to yield efficacious results.
Bilateral Optic Nerve Sheath Enlargement
Authors: Wojno Ted , Beck Roy W , Grosserode Robert 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 43-year-old man presented with progressive visual loss in each eye associated with bilateral optic nerve sheath enlargement. At surgery, the left optic nerve sheath was diffusely distended with clear fluid, but biopsy of the optic nerve and its sheath revealed only normal structures. Decompression of the right optic nerve prevented further deterioration of vision in this eye. The etiology of this condition and pathogenesis of visual loss is unknown.
Delivery of Antifibroblast Agents as Adjuncts to Filtration Surgery. Part I - Periocular Clearance of Cobalt-57 Bleomycin in Experimental Drug Delivery: Pilot Study in the Rabbit
Authors: Kay Jeffrey S , Litin Bradley S , Woolfenden James M , Chvapil Milos , Herschler Jonathan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Antitumor and antifibroblast agents show promise as adjuncts after glaucoma filtration surgery in reducing postoperative scarring and failure. We used nuclear imaging in rabbits to investigate periocular clearance of one such agent (57Co-bleomycin). SubTenon injection was compared to other delivery techniques. Our results showed that a collagen sponge and a silastic disc implant with a microhole prolonged drug delivery when compared to sub-Tenon injection alone or injection with a viscosity enhancing agent (0.5% sodium hyaluronate). We theorize that if an antifibroblast agent can be delivered in small and sustained amounts after filtration surgery, this may prolong bleb longevity and avoid unnecessary drug toxicity.
The Development of a New Tissue Expander for Use in Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery
Authors: Victor Warren H , Hurwitz Jeffrey J , Gruss Joseph S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe the first-time use of the tissue expansion principle in oculoplastic surgery. We have designed a tissue expander for use in eyelid surgery. This instrument was successfully used to treat difficult cases of cicatricial ectropion from multiple causes, avoiding the need for tissue grafting. It was also utilized preoperatlvely so a large forehead scar could be removed with good resultant cosmesis. The potential for this device in oculoplastic surgery is exciting.
Effectivity of Laser Ridge Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Wohl Lisa G , Kline Oram R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two hundred fifty intraocular lenses with varying sizes of laser ridges were implanted following extracapsular cataract surgery to determine the effectivlty of the laser ridge in creating a space between the intraocular lens and the posterior capsule. Six weeks postoperatively, the distance between the intraocular lens and the posterior capsule was judged as adequate in 92% of cases with a .35 mm ridge, 88% cases with a .25 mm ridge, and 80% of those with a .15 mm ridge.
A group of non-angulated, non-ridged lenses placed out of the capsular bag had an adequate space in 82% of cases, and a group of non-angulated, non-ridged lenses placed in the capsular bag had only 44% adequate spaces. Intraocular lenses with laser ridges should be used to enhance the space between the intraocular lens and the posterior capsule, thus increasing the safety of postoperative Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy.
Reliability of Lens Implant Power Formulas in Hyperopes and Myopes
Authors: Drews Robert C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Calculations were made comparing a variety of formulas in patients who required unusually high and low power intraocular lenses. Of the formulas tested, the author found the Colenbrander formula to be more accurate for myopic patients and the SRK formula to be more accurate for hyperopic patients.
Surgery for Corneal Epithelial Basement Membrane Dystrophy
Authors: Wood Thomas O , Griffith Martha E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Seventeen consecutive eyes with corneal epithelial basement membrane with symptoms of recurrent erosion and/or decreased vision were treated with corneal epithelial basement membranectomy. Younger patients tended to have recurrent erosion, whereas older patients had decreased vision. All patients' symptoms improved following surgery. Electron microscopy revealed reduplication of the corneal epithelial basal lamina.
In Vitro Inhibition of Lens Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Migration
Authors: McDonnell Peter J , Krause William , Glaser Bert M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Delayed opacification of the posterior capsule is the most common cause of decreased visual acuity after extracapsular cataract extraction. In humans, this has been shown to result from migration and possibly proliferation of residual lens epithelial cells onto the central posterior capsule.
We studied a group of pharmacologic agents to determine their ability to inhibit lens epithelial cell proliferation and migration in vitro. A drug capable of inhibiting lens epithelial cell growth and/or migration, if free of unacceptable toxic effects on other cell populations, might be used to prevent lens capsule opacification. Anti-proliferative activity was exhibited by several agents, with 50% inhibition of growth occurring at the following concentrations: 5-fluorouracil, 30 µg/ml; daunomycin, 10 ng/ml; colchicine, 15 ng/ml; doxorubicin, 5 ng/ml; dexamethasone, 100 ^g/ml; and cytosine arabinoside, 100 ng/ml. Colchicine inhibited lens epithelial cell migration by 50% at 20 ng/ml.
Deep Sclerectomy With Nd:YAG Laser Trabeculotomy Ab Interno: Two-Stage Procedure
Authors: Hara Tsutomu , Hara Takako 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We performed almost the same procedure as Weber's two-stage Nd:YAG laser trabeculotomy. Our technique, developed without knowledge of Weber's findings, also is composed of two stages. In Stage 1, under conjunctival and thin scleral flaps, the deep (4 × 2 mm) scleral block containing the outer wall of Schlemm's canal is removed. Stage 2, the puncturing of the remaining trabeculum with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, is performed the next day.
We evaluated the technique in 16 eyes of 11 patients with medically uncontrolled phakic open-angle glaucoma and one eye of a pseudophakic patient with a Binkhorst 2-loop lens. All eyes had unacceptable intraocular pressures (IOPs), despite maximum tolerated medical therapy, and two 360° argon laser trabeculoplasties. The mean preoperative and final postoperative IOPs were 38.3 ± 19.1 mm Hg and 16.9 ± 5.3 mm Hg, respectively. Follow-up time was at least 12 months and the results of a 12-month postoperative period were used in all cases. Final postoperative IOP was less than 21 mm Hg in 12 eyes (70%). The only complication during intraoperative and postoperative periods was extremely slight bleeding from the trabeculum or Schlemm's canal in Stage 2; this bleeding was completely absorbed by the following day.
The Intraocular Penetration and Retinal Toxicity of Teicoplanin
Authors: Carney Marcia , Kao Grace , Peyman Gholam A , Fiscella Richard , Staneck Joseph 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We investigated the intraocular penetration and retinal toxicity of teicoplanin, a relatively new glycopeptide antibiotic with activity similar to vancomycin when used to inhibit staphylococci and other gram positive organisms, particularly Streptococcus faecalia. Topically administered teicoplanin penetrated poorly into the aqueous and vitreous in rabbit eyes. Subconjunctival injection of the drug yielded aqueous levels above the minimum inhibiting concentration (3.1 µg/ml) only at one hour after injection. In the vitreous, drug levels were above the mean inhibitory concentration at 30 minutes after the subconjunctival injection, but rapidly declined thereafter. The maximum nontoxic, single-dose, intravitreal injection was 750 µg/0.1 ml. Rabbits received 8 µg/ml of teicoplanin in an intravitreal infusion solution without demonstrable retinal toxicity.
Lidocaine: An Anti-Tussive for Ophthalmic Surgery
Authors: Stewart Robert H , Kimbrough Richard L , Engstrom Paul F , Cameron Bruce 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Intravenous lidocaine suppresses the cough reflex in patients undergoing local operative procedures. Many anti-tussive agents suppress the cough reflex by suppressing the respiratory center. Intravenous lidocaine produces no respiratory depression in doses that suppress the cough reflex. Intravenous lidocaine should be available during all intraocular surgical procedures so it can be used when indicated.
Lid Retraction Following Blow-Out Fracture of the Orbit
Authors: Conway Stephen T 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A case of lid retraction following blow-out fracture of the orbit with enophthalmos is reported. This paradoxical complication has been described previously in only two cases, both by the same authors. It has been hypothesized that the lid retraction is secondary to Mueller's muscle overaction; however, excision of Muellers muscle had no effect in this case. A new hypothesis is presented that this condition may be due to traction on the connective tissue sheath of the levator palpebrae muscle through its interconnections with the connective tissue systems of the other extraocular muscles.
A Simple Aid to Successful Probing of Congenitally Obstructed Nasolacrimal Ducts
Authors: Nagashima Koji 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
For successful probing of congenitally obstructed nasolacrimal ducts in infants, the probe must reach the inferior nasal meatus. Previous methods to determine the position of the probe in the nose require intranasal examination method using two probes of equal length. The first probe is placed inside the lacrimal outflow system and the second probe is placed against the nose. The second probe can be used to measure the distance between the point of the first probe and the anterior narlal margin. This method may be particularly valuable in those cases in which the probe point is less than 5 mm below the anterior narial margin.