bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De Novo Versus Secondary Metastatic EGFR-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Bozorgmehr Farastuk , Kazdal Daniel , Chung Inn , Kirchner Martina , Magios Nikolaus , Kriegsmann Mark , Allgäuer Michael , Klotz Laura V. , Muley Thomas , El Shafie Rami A. , Fischer Jürgen R. , Faehling Martin , Stenzinger Albrecht , Thomas Michael , Christopoulos Petros 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundMetastatic epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated (EGFR+) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can present de novo or following previous nonmetastatic disease (secondary). Potential differences between these two patient subsets are unclear at present.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed characteristics of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-treated patients with de novo vs. secondary metastatic EGFR+ NSCLC until December 2019 (n = 401).ResultsDe novo metastatic disease was 4× more frequent than secondary (n = 83/401), but no significant differences were noted regarding age (median 66 vs. 70 years), sex (65% vs. 65% females), smoking history (67% vs. 62% never/light-smokers), and histology (both &gt;95% adenocarcinoma). Patients with secondary metastatic disease showed a better ECOG performance status (PS 0–1 67%–32% vs. 46%–52%, p = 0.003), fewer metastatic sites (mean 1.3 vs. 2.0, p &lt; 0.001), and less frequent brain involvement (16% vs. 28%, p = 0.022) at the time of stage IV diagnosis. Progression-free survival (PFS) under TKI (median 17 for secondary vs. 12 months for de novo, p = 0.26) and overall survival (OS, 29 vs. 25 months, respectively, p = 0.47) were comparable. EGFR alterations (55% vs. 60% exon 19 deletions), TP53 mutation rate at baseline (47% vs. 43%, n = 262), and T790M positivity at the time of TKI failure (51% vs. 56%, n = 193) were also similar. OS according to differing characteristics, e.g., presence or absence of brain metastases (19–20 or 30–31 months, respectively, p = 0.001), and ECOG PS 0 or 1 or 2 (32–34 or 20–23 or 5–7 months, respectively, p &lt; 0.001), were almost identical for de novo and secondary metastatic disease.ConclusionsDespite the survival advantage reported in the pre-TKI era for relapsed NSCLC, molecular features and outcome of TKI-treated metastatic EGFR+ tumors are currently independent of preceding nonmetastatic disease. This simplifies design of outcome studies and can assist prognostic considerations in everyday management of patients with secondary metastatic EGFR+ tumors.
Ig Glycosylation in Ulcerative Colitis: It’s Time for New Biomarkers
Authors: Capecchi Riccardo , Migliorini Paola , Zanzi Federico , Maltinti Simona , Puxeddu Ilaria , de Bortoli Nicola , Bellini Massimo , Costa Francesco , Marchi Santino , Bertani Lorenzo 
Published: April 2021

Background:Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing disease, which needs a continue monitoring, especially during biological therapies. An increasing number of patients is treated with anti-Tumor Necrosis factor (TNF) drugs, and current research is focalized to identify biomarkers able to monitor the disease and to predict therapeutic outcome.Methods:We enrolled consecutive UC patients treated with anti-TNF, naïve to biologic drugs. Therapeutic outcome was evaluated after 54 weeks of treatment in terms of clinical remission (Partial Mayo Score -PMS- &lt;2) and mucosal healing (Mayo Endoscopic Score &lt;2). On serum samples collected at baseline and after 54 weeks of treatment, a Lectin-based ELISA assay was performed, and specific glycosylation patterns were evaluated by biotin-labelled lectins. We have also collected 21 healthy controls (NHS) samples, age and sex-matched.Results:Out of 44 UC patients enrolled, 22 achieved clinical remission and mucosal healing after 54 weeks. At baseline, when Protein A was used as coating, UC patients non-responders showed a reduced reactivity to Jacalin (JAC) in comparison with NHS (p= 0.04). After one year of treatment, a decrease in JAC binding was seen only in responders, in comparison with baseline (p= 0.04). When JAC binding was tested selecting IgG by means of Fab anti-IgG Fab, UC patients displayed an increased reactivity after anti-TNF therapy (p&lt; 0,0001 vs controls). At baseline, PMS inversely correlates with JAC binding when Fab anti-IgG Fab was used in solid phase (r2= 0,2211;p= 0,0033). Patients with higher PMS at baseline (PMS ≥5) presented lower binding capacity for JAC in comparison with NHS and with lower PMS patients (p= 0,0135 andp= 0,0089, respectively).Conclusion:Ig glycosylation was correlated with clinical and endoscopic activity in patients with UC. JAC protein A-selected Ig showed a possible role in predicting therapeutic effectiveness. If these data would be confirmed, Ig glycosylation could be used as biomarker in UC.
Maximal Fat Oxidation During Exercise Is Already Impaired in Pre-pubescent Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Fel Solenne , Rochette Emmanuelle , Walther Guillaume , Echaubard Stéphane , Pereira Bruno , Merlin Etienne , Terral Daniel , Duché Pascale 
Published: April 2021

Objective: We evaluated substrate utilization during submaximal exercise, together with glycemic responses and hormonal counter-regulation to exercise, in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).Methods: Twelve pre-pubescent children with T1DM and 12 healthy children were matched by sex and age. Participants completed a submaximal incremental exercise test to determine their fat and carbohydrate oxidation rates by indirect calorimetry. Levels of glycemia, glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone, noradrenaline, adrenaline, and insulin were monitored until 120 min post-exercise.Results: Absolute peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) was significantly lower in the children with T1DM than in the healthy controls (1131.4 ± 102.5 vs. 1383.0 ± 316.6 ml.min−1, p = 0.03). Overall carbohydrate and lipid oxidation rates were the same in the two groups, but for exercise intensities, higher than 50% of VO2 peak, fat oxidation rate was significantly lower in the children with T1DM. The absolute maximal lipid oxidation rate was significantly lower in the T1DM children (158.1 ± 31.6 vs. 205.4 ± 42.1 mg.min−1, p = 0.005), and they reached a significantly lower exercise power than the healthy controls (26.4 ± 1.2 vs. 35.4 ± 3.3 W, p = 0.03). Blood glucose responses to exercise were negatively correlated with pre-exercise blood glucose concentrations (r = −0.67; p = 0.03).Conclusion: Metabolic and hormonal responses during sub-maximal exercise are impaired in young children with T1DM.
The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Providers in Obstetrics: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Del Piccolo Lidia , Donisi Valeria , Raffaelli Ricciarda , Garzon Simone , Perlini Cinzia , Rimondini Michela , Uccella Stefano , Cromi Antonella , Ghezzi Fabio , Ginami Maddalena , Sartori Enrico , Ciccarone Francesca , Scambia Giovanni , Franchi Massimo 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To assess the psychological distress of healthcare providers (HCPs) working in the field of obstetrics during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to identify factors associated with psychological distress at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level.Design: Cross-sectional survey study.Setting: Four University hospitals in Italy.Participants: HCPs working in obstetrics, including gynecologists, residents in gynecology and obstetrics, and midwives.Methods: The 104-item survey Impatto PSIcologico COVID-19 in Ostetricia (IPSICO) was created by a multidisciplinary expert panel and administered to HCPs in obstetrics in May 2020 via a web-based platform.Main Outcome Measures: Psychological distress assessed by the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) included in the IPSICO survey.Results: The response rate to the IPSICO survey was 88.2% (503/570), and that for GHQ-12 was 84.4% (481/570). Just over half (51.1%; 246/481) of the GHQ-12 respondents reported a clinically significant level of psychological distress (GHQ-12 ≥3). Psychological distress was associated with either individual (i.e., female gender, stressful experience related to COVID-19, exhaustion, and the use of dysfunctional coping strategies), interpersonal (i.e., lower family support, limitations in interactions with colleagues), and organizational (i.e., reduced perception of protection by personal protective equipment, perceived delays on updates and gaps in information on the pandemic) factors in dealing with the pandemic.Conclusions: Results confirm the need for monitoring and assessing the psychological distress for HCPs in obstetrics. Interventions at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level may relieve the psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and foster resilience skills in facing emotional distress.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Life-Space Mobility of Older Adults Living in Brazil: REMOBILIZE Study
Authors: Perracini Monica R. , de Amorim Juleimar Soares Coelho , Lima Camila Astolphi , da Silva Alexandre , Trombini-Souza Francis , Pereira Daniele Sirineu , Pelicioni Paulo Henrique Silva , Duim Etiene , Batista Patricia Parreira , dos Santos Renato Barbosa , de Lima Maria do Carmo Correia ,   The REMOBILIZE Research Network (CANSORT-SCI)
Published: April 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic hit Brazil in a scenario of substantial socioeconomic and health inequalities. It is unknown the immediate impact of social restriction recommendations (i.e., lockdown, stay-at-home) on the life-space mobility of older people.Objective: To investigate the immediate impact of COVID-19 pandemic on life-space mobility of community-dwelling Brazilian older adults and examine the social determinants of health associated with change in life-space mobility.Design: Baseline data from a prospective cohort study (REMOBILIZE Study).Setting: Community.Subject: A convenience snowball sample of participants aged 60 and older (n = 1,482) living in 22 states in Brazil.Methods: We conducted an online and phone survey using an adapted version of the Life-Space Assessment (LSA). Linear regression models were used to investigate social determinants of health on the change in LSA score.Results: Regardless of their gender and social determinants of health, participants showed a significant reduction in life-space mobility since COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Life-space mobility reduction was higher among black individuals, those living alone and aged between 70 and 79. Other variables associated with change in life-space mobility, to a lesser extent, were sex, education and income.Conclusion: Social restriction measures due to pandemic caused substantial reduction in older adults' life-space mobility in Brazil. Social inequalities strongly affected vulnerable groups. Concerted actions should be put in place to overcome the deterioration in life-pace mobility amongst these groups. Failure in minimizing health inequalities amplified by the pandemic may jeopardize the desired achievements of the Decade of Healthy Aging.
Content and technologies of the course of study «Profiling, methods of identifying persons harboring criminal intentions» in educational institutions of MIA of Russia
Authors: Nezhkina Larisa , Dushkin Anton 
Published: April 2021

The article substantiates the importance of training law enforcement officials in profiling
technologies through the prism of their professional activities.
It is important for a law enforcement official to manage psychological tools allowing him to find solutions
in conflict interactions with citizens or uncertain situations of crime investigation in order to fulfill the assigned
professional tasks. Training in profiling technologies could significantly increase the level of their professional
skills.
In this regard, the goal is to develop the program of the course of study «Profiling, methods of identifying
persons harboring criminal intentions» for various categories of students in educational institutions of MIA of
Russia. Based on the proposed goal the following tasks were identified: 1. To prepare the methodological basis
of the course. 2. To present the content and methods of training. 3. To determine the scope of the course and the
types of academic work.
As a result, the authors have developed and tested the course «Profiling, methods of identifying persons
harboring criminal intentions» that can be used in the process of professional training at the educational
institutions of MIA of Russia, as well as for training officers of Personnel Department as part of moral and
psychological training in the territorial bodies of MIA of Russia.
The right to life in the system of constitutional rights and freedoms of individual and citizen
Authors: Amel'chakov Oleg 
Published: April 2021

The right to life is traditionally recognized as a natural and inalienable right of any person and citizen. It is intrinsically connected with realization of other rights and liberties.
The aim of the article is to clarify the concept and the essential nature of the constitutional right to life, to define its place in the system of fundamental human and civil rights and liberties. The article analyses constitutional rights, reveals the difference from the other human and civil rights and liberties and analysis other approaches of constitutional rights theoretic to the definition of the notion «right to life» as a constitutional right. The research gives the monitoring of the main statutory documents that defines the legal «understructure» of fixation and content of the notion «right to life» and the review of the foreign constitutional statutory documents that are devoted to the different aspects of law.
Based on the results of the research a conclusion was made that the right to life takes a special place in the system of the constitutional rights and freedoms. The right to life is the inherent human right and this is admitted on the international level. Being fundamental in nature, it is based on the constitutional norms and principles, which set up uniformity of appliance and mechanisms for ensuring and protecting the right to life.
Lasing action of ZnO nanowires grown by mist chemical vapor deposition using thin Au layer on c-plane sapphire substrate
Authors: Nakahara Ryota , Sakai Masaru , Kimura Taiki , Yamamoto Mikihiro , Syouji Atsushi , Hara Kazuhiko , Kouno Tetsuya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
ZnO nanowires were grown by mist chemical vapor deposition at a growth temperature of approximately 900 °C (tube furnace temperature) on a c-plane sapphire substrate sputtered with a thin Au layer with a designed thickness of 3 nm. ZnO nanowires of various lengths were grown, and their optical properties were investigated by room-temperature photoluminescence (RT-PL) measurements under high excitation conditions. The RT-PL spectra having sharp peaks may be capable of lasing actions. The result shows that this fabrication technique is useful for obtaining optical microcavities based on ZnO nanowires.
A face feminina na linha de frente contra a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Betânia Maria 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Refletir sobre as questões de gênero que permeiam o exercí­cio da Enfermagem no Brasil no contexto da pandemia. Método: Trata-se de ensaio teórico do tipo reflexivo, que utiliza dados da pesquisa "Condições de Trabalho dos Profissionais de Saúde no Contexto da Covid-19" associados í contextualização histórica e sociológica da profissão. Resultados: As mulheres respondem por 70% dos recursos humanos em Saúde e 85% das equipes de Enfermagem no Brasil, profissão historicamente feminina. A pandemia teve impacto negativo para 95% dos trabalhadores da Saúde, potencializado pela dupla jornada e cuidado com dependentes, no caso das mulheres. Conclusão: A redução da desigualdade entre as profissões e os gêneros é um caminho necessário em busca de mais respeito e reconhecimento profissional.
Розробка розширення до браузера Google Chrome для блокування графічного контенту
Authors: Безкостна К. , Гришанович Т. , Глинчук Л. , Булатецький В. 
Published: April 2021

У роботі розглянуто питання, що стосуються процесу розробки розширення до браузера, яке блокуватиме контент за певною ознакою. Для блокування графічного контенту використано бібліотеку NSFW.js, яка у свою чергу використовує відкриту програмну бібліотеку для машинного навчання TensorFlow. Розроблено розширення для браузера Google Chrome, що блокує графічні зображення, які потрапляють під категорію 18+. При розробці використані HTML, CSS, JavaScript.
Articulating the Effect of Pesticides Use and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The Science of Improving Lives through Decision Impacts
Authors: Raimi Morufu Olalekan , Odubo Tonye Vivien , Alima Ogah , Efegbere Henry Akpojubaro , Ebuete Abinotami Williams 
Published: April 2021

Nothing vast comes into a mortal’s life without a curse. Identifying the pathways of pesticide impact can be multifaceted as well as complex, as humankind faces the magnificent challenge of food systems reconfiguration toward providing and delivering healthy foods that individuals can access while protecting planetary health. Ideally, chemical pesticides used inappropriately in agricultural activities has shaped serious health as well as environmental problems in the global south. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) as well as World Health Organization (WHO) approximate that the rates of pesticide poisoning occur 2-3 times per minute, having roughly 20,000 employees dying yearly from exposure, mostly in emerging countries. From an environmental point of view, “chemically-polluted runoff” comes through fields that pollute both ground as well as surface waters, destroying freshwater ecosystems, damaged fisheries, as well as creating growing and sustainable "dead zones" in the coastal areas near the river’s mouths of the drain agricultural areas. The environmental as well as health hazards resulting from pesticides could remain comparatively avoided through education as the first step towards achieving the SDGs as well as creating sustainable incentives toward curbing the overuse trend. Other important challenges need to be resolved, for example social inclusion; poverty reduction; education, increased equity as well as health care; sustainable energy; conservation of biodiversity; water security; and changing climate adaptation as well as mitigation. These challenges are interlinked as well as embodied in 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which all UN member states have accepted since 2015 as well as built round the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, managing the rapid accelerators considerately will need negotiation as well as collaboration from a wide range of civil society sector, private as well as public actors. The time has come toward putting the challenge of sociotechnical innovation as well as massive human ingenuity toward usage to safeguard the next generations as well as the planet future. While, the world is not on the pathway toward realizing its global goals come 2030. Prior to the outbreak of COVID-19, uneven progress had been witnessed, as well as more focused considerations was required in many areas. The sudden onset of the pandemic abruptly hampered the SDGs implementation and, in other cases, twisted decades of progress backwards.
Almost Intersecting Families
Authors: Frankl Peter , Kupavskii Andrey 
Published: April 2021

Let $n > k > 1$ be integers, $[n] = \{1, \ldots, n\}$. Let $\mathcal F$ be a family of $k$-subsets of $[n]$. The family $\mathcal F$ is called intersecting if $F \cap F' \neq \varnothing$ for all $F, F' \in \mathcal F$. It is called almost intersecting if it is not intersecting but to every $F \in \mathcal F$ there is at most one $F'\in \mathcal F$ satisfying $F \cap F' = \varnothing$. Gerbner et al. proved that if $n \geq 2k + 2$ then $|\mathcal F| \leqslant {n - 1\choose k - 1}$ holds for almost intersecting families. Our main result implies the considerably stronger and best possible bound $|\mathcal F| \leqslant {n - 1\choose k - 1} - {n - k - 1\choose k - 1} + 2$ for $n > (2 + o(1))k$, $k\ge 3$.
Changes in the Methodology for Determining the consequences of Negative Impacts on the State of aquatic biological resources and their Habitat
Authors: Bobyrev Pavel , Titov Vladimir 
Published: April 2021

On March 17, 2021, Rosrybolovstvo Order No. 238 of May 6, 2020 "On Approval of the Meth-odology for Determining the Consequences of Negative Impacts during Construction, Recon-struction, and Major Repairs of Capital Construction Facilities, the Introduction of New Techno-logical Processes and other Activities on the State of Aquatic Biological Resources and their Habitat, and the development of measures to eliminate the consequences of Negative Impacts on the State of Aquatic Biological Resources and their Habitat, aimed at Restoring their Disturbed State" (Methodology) [1]. This document is not only a normative act, but also a practical guide to the independent calculation of damage when planning economic activities.
Earlier, the Order of Rosrybolovstvo No. 1166 of November 25, 2011 was used to assess the damage [2]. Due to the exceptional importance of the Methodology in the field of fish protection and impact assessment on aquatic biota, we have prepared a brief overview of the significant changes that have affected the text of the document. References in the text, unless otherwise specified, point to the points of the new Methodology.
A comparative analysis of COVID-19 outbreak on age groups and both the sexes of population from India and other countries
Authors: Jakhmola Shweta , Baral Budhadev , Jha Hem Chandra 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The study of epidemiological outcomes of COVID-19 in the affected countries needs to be conducted to implement an effective strategy.
Methodology: Our study included age and sex-based analysis of epidemiological data of infected and deceased patients from various countries. The patient data was graphically depicted with the slope's calculation to describe a gradual or steep spread of the disease along with subsequent rise or fall in the death reports.
Results: Population groups of 20-49 years of age and 50 years-above were highly vulnerable to infection. Interestingly, 20-49 years of age group was most affected in India. However, higher population of the deceased were reported in the 50 years-above in all countries. India and South Korea demonstrated a gradual appearance of COVID-19 positive cases than other countries illustrated by reduced slope %. Further the highest percentage of infected people and deaths were reported from the densely populated states of India. We observed a sex independent prevalence of COVID-19. The BCG and JE vaccine are unique in the vaccination regime of India and South Korea.
Conclusions: Reduced ACE-2 expression in the children's nasal epithelium may be responsible for reduced SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility. Countries showed varying patterns in COVID-19 spread and associated mortality. It may be influenced by factors, such as screening strategy, countries demography, implementation of lockdown, etc. Due to limited evidence, it would be difficult to point to the influence of the virus on either sexes. Although vaccines may stimulate non-specific immunity, experimental proofs are needed to demonstrate the potential of any vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.