bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on regulators of purifying magnesite ore by cationic reverse flotation
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Dai Shujuan , Sun Wenhan , Fan Mingyang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe floatability of magnesite, dolomite and quartz is a major factor affecting the removal of silicon and calcium from magnesite ore. The effect of the regulators sodium hexametaphosphate (SH), sodium silicate (SS), trisodium phosphate (TP), tannic acid (TN) and monoammonium oxalate (OA) on the floatability of magnesite, dolomite, and quartz under the ether amine (EAH) system was studied. The results show that the five regulators have relatively little influence on the floatability of quartz and magnesite. Dolomite can be activated when the dosage of SH is less than 40 mg/L; however, dolomite can be inhibited when the SH dosage is greater than 40 mg/L. The other four regulators have inhibitory effects on dolomite, and TN and TP have strong inhibitory effects on dolomite. Under the conditions of optimum grinding fineness, pH and collector dosage, a recovery of approximately 70% and a concentrate with a grade of over 47% were obtained by three stages of reverse flotation using sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass as regulators and Haicheng magnesite ore with an SiO2 content of 2.38% and a CaO content of 0.75%. Potentiometric measurements and infrared spectroscopy analysis show that physical adsorption occurs between the three minerals and collectors, while the interaction of magnesite and dolomite with SH and SS involves both physical adsorption and chemical adsorption.
Comparison of multichannel signal deconvolution algorithms in airborne LiDAR bathymetry based on wavelet transform
Authors: Song Yue , Li Houpu , Zhai Guojun , He Yan , Bian Shaofeng , Zhou Wei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAirborne LiDAR bathymetry offers low cost and high mobility, making it an ideal option for shallow-water measurements. However, due to differences in the measurement environment and the laser emission channel, the received waveform is difficult to extract using a single algorithm. The choice of a suitable waveform processing method is thus of extreme importance to guarantee the accuracy of the bathymetric retrieval. In this study, we use a wavelet-denoising method to denoise the received waveform and subsequently test four algorithms for denoised-waveform processing, namely, the Richardson–Lucy deconvolution (RLD), blind deconvolution (BD), Wiener filter deconvolution (WFD), and constrained least-squares filter deconvolution (RFD). The simulation and measured multichannel databases are used to evaluate the algorithms, with focus on improving their performance after data-denoising and their capability of extracting water depth. Results show that applying wavelet denoising before deconvolution improves the extraction accuracy. The four algorithms perform better for the shallow-water orthogonal polarization channel (PMT2) than for the shallow horizontal row polarization channel (PMT1). Of the four algorithms, RLD provides the best signal-detection rate, and RFD is the most robust; BD has low computational efficiency, and WFD performs poorly in deep water (< 25 m).
Self-sealing hyaluronic acid-coated 30-gauge intravitreal injection needles for preventing vitreous and drug reflux through needle passage
Authors: Eom Youngsub , Kim Soomi , Huh Jungah , Koh Mi Young , Hwang Jin Young , Kang Boram , Li Xiangzhe , Lee Moon Sue , Lee Haeshin , Kim Hyo Myung , Song Jong Suk 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSelf-sealing hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated self-sealing 30-gauge needles exhibiting instant leakage prevention of intravitreal humor and injected drug were developed in this study. Ninety New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. We assessed dye regurgitation in intravitreal ICG dye injections using HA-coated needles (HA needle group) and conventional needles (control group). Vitreous humor levels of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were compared between groups one, three, and seven days after intravitreal bevacizumab (0.016 mL) injections. Expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor and vitreous humor, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-8, were compared between HA needle, control, and normal (in which intravitreal injection was not performed) groups following 12 intravitreal injections over a period of one week. In the HA needle group, HA remained at the injection site and blocked the hole after intravitreal injection. Dye regurgitation occurred significantly less frequently in the HA needle group (16.7%) than the control group (55.6%) after intravitreal ICG dye injection. Meanwhile, vitreous anti-VEGF levels were markedly higher in the HA needle group than the control group one and three days after intravitreal bevacizumab injections. After 12 intravitreal injections, expression levels of aqueous and vitreous IL-8 significantly increased in the control group compared to the HA needle and normal groups. Conversely, there were no significant differences in the expression of the other seven cytokines among the three groups. Intravitreal injections using HA-coated self-sealing 30-gauge needles can block the outflow of vitreous humor and drugs through the needle passage.
4210 Da and 1866 Da polypeptides as potential biomarkers of liver disease progression in hepatitis B virus patients
Authors: Ren Yuanyuan , Yang Lei , Li Man , Wang Jian , Yan Huimin , Ma Ning , Liu Wenxuan , Wang Liqin , Gao Xia , Gao Ping , Li Tao , Liu Dianwu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHBV infection is recognized as a serious global health problem, and hepatitis B virus infection is a complicated chronic disease leading to liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). New biochemical serum markers could be used to advance the diagnosis and prognosis of HBV-associated liver diseases during the progression of chronic hepatitis B into cirrhosis and HCC. We determined whether the 4210 Da and 1866 Da polypeptides are serum metabolite biomarkers of hepatopathy with hepatitis B virus. A total of 570 subjects were divided into five groups: healthy controls, those with natural clearance, and patients with CHB, LC, and HCC. The 1866 Da and 4210 Da polypeptides were measured by Clin-ToF II MALDI-TOF–MS. There were significant differences in 4210 Da and 1866 Da levels among the five groups (P < 0.001). For the differential diagnosis of CHB from normal liver, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 4210 Da and 1866 Da and their combination via logistic regression were 0.961, 0.849 and 0.967. For the differential diagnosis of LC from CHB, the areas under the ROC curve were 0.695, 0.841 and 0.826. For the differential diagnosis of HCC from CHB, the areas under the ROC curve were 0.744, 0.710 and 0.761, respectively. For the differential diagnosis of HCC from LC, the areas under the ROC curve of 4210 Da and 1866 Da were 0.580 and 0.654. The positive rate of 1866 Da was 45.5% and 69.0% in AFP-negative HCC patients and that of 4210 Da was 60.6% 58.6% in AFP-negative HCC patients of the study HCC vs. CHB and HCC vs. LC. The 4210 Da and 1866 Da polypeptide levels were positively correlated with HBV DNA levels (P < 0.001, r = 0.269; P < 0.001, r = 0.285). The 4210 Da and 1866 Da polypeptides had good diagnostic value for the occurrence and progression of HBV-related chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and could serve to accurately guide treatment management and predict clinical outcomes.
Perceived stress during labor and its association with depressive symptomatology, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing
Authors: Tan Hon Sen , Agarthesh T. , Tan Chin Wen , Sultana Rehena , Chen Helen Yu , Chua Tze-Ern , Sng Ban Leong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPerceived stress is a dimension of the maternal stress response, however little data is available on perceived stress levels and its associated psychological risk factors during labor. In this secondary data analysis from a prospective study evaluating epidural regimens, we investigated the potential associations between depressive symptomatology, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing with perceived stress during labor. Healthy nulliparous adult women with term singleton pregnancies requesting for epidural analgesia in early labor were included. Assessments were administered after epidural analgesia and adequate pain relief were achieved. Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS, high PSS ≥ 16), depressive symptomatology (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS, high EPDS ≥ 10), and pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PCS, high total PCS ≥ 25) were assessed as categorical variables. Additionally, anxiety (State-trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), PCS total and its subscales (rumination, magnification and helplessness) were analyzed as continuous variables. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with high PSS. Of 801 women included, 411 (51.9%) had high PSS. High EPDS (OR 2.16, 95%CI 1.36–3.44), increasing trait anxiety (OR 1.17, 95%CI 1.14–1.20), and increasing pain magnification (OR 1.12, 95%CI 1.05–1.19) were independently associated with high PSS. Depressive symptomatology, trait anxiety, and pain magnification were associated with perceived stress during labor, providing impetus for future research aimed at detecting and alleviating stress and its psychological or pain association factors.
Bioinspired caries preventive strategy via customizable pellicles of saliva-derived protein/peptide constructs
Authors: Moussa Dina G. , Siqueira Walter L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDental caries has been the most widespread chronic disease globally associated with significant health and financial burdens. Caries typically starts in the enamel, which is a unique tissue that cannot be healed or regrown; nonetheless, new preventive approaches have limitations and no effective care has developed yet. Since enamel is a non-renewable tissue, we believe that the intimate overlaying layer, the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP), plays a crucial lifetime protective role and could be employed to control bacterial adhesion and dental plaque succession. Based on our identified AEP whole proteome/peptidome, we investigated the bioinhibitory capacities of the native abundant proteins/peptides adsorbed in pellicle-mimicking conditions. Further, we designed novel hybrid constructs comprising antifouling and antimicrobial functional domains derived from statherin and histatin families, respectively, to attain synergistic preventive effects. Three novel constructs demonstrated significant multifaceted bio-inhibition compared to either the whole saliva and/or its native proteins/peptides via reducing biomass fouling and inducing biofilm dispersion beside triggering bacterial cell death. These data are valuable to bioengineer precision-guided enamel pellicles as an efficient and versatile prevention remedy. In conclusion, integrating complementary acting functional domains of salivary proteins/peptides is a novel translational approach to design multifunctional customizable enamel pellicles for caries prevention.
Natural van der Waals heterostructure cylindrite with highly anisotropic optical responses
Authors: Dasgupta Arindam , Gao Jie , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe mechanical exfoliation of naturally occurring layered materials has emerged as an easy and effective method for achieving ultrathin van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures with well-defined lattice orientations of the constituent two-dimensional (2D) material layers. Cylindrite is one such naturally occurring vdW heterostructure, where the superlattice is composed of alternating stacks of SnS2-like and PbS-like layers. Although the constituent 2D lattices are isotropic, inhomogeneous strain occurring from local atomic alignment for forcing the commensuration makes the cylindrite superlattice structurally anisotropic. Here, we demonstrate the highly anisotropic optical responses of cylindrite thin flakes induced by the anisotropic crystal structure, including angle-resolved polarized Raman scattering, linear dichroism, and polarization-dependent anisotropic third-harmonic generation. Our results provide a promising approach for identifying various natural vdW heterostructure-based 2D materials with tailored optical properties and can be harnessed for realizing anisotropic optical devices for on-chip photonic circuits and optical information processing.
Innovative new model predicts glucose levels without poking or prodding
Authors: Wedlund Leia , Kvedar Joseph 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith the prevalence of type II diabetes rising rapidly it has become increasingly apparent that something must be done to stem the tide. While pharmaceutical treatments aimed at lowering average blood sugar are an important tool in this endeavor, it is equally (if not more) important to motivate patients to make healthy diet and exercise choices. Recent advances in non-invasive glucose monitoring suggest that real-time patient feedback may soon be available to help guide daily patient decision-making.
Developing ovine mammary terminal duct lobular units have a dynamic mucosal and stromal immune microenvironment
Authors: Nagy Dorottya , Gillis Clare M. C. , Davies Katie , Fowden Abigail L. , Rees Paul , Wills John W. , Hughes Katherine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe human breast and ovine mammary gland undergo striking levels of postnatal development, leading to formation of terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs). Here we interrogate aspects of sheep TDLU growth as a model of breast development and to increase understanding of ovine mammogenesis. The distributions of epithelial nuclear Ki67 positivity differ significantly between younger and older lambs. Ki67 expression is polarised to the leading edge of the developing TDLUs. Intraepithelial ductal macrophages exhibit periodicity and considerably increased density in lambs approaching puberty. Stromal macrophages are more abundant centrally than peripherally. Intraepithelial T lymphocytes are more numerous in older lambs. Stromal hotspots of Ki67 expression colocalize with immune cell aggregates that exhibit distinct organisation consistent with tertiary lymphoid structures. The lamb mammary gland thus exhibits a dynamic mucosal and stromal immune microenvironment and constitutes a valuable model system that provides new insights into postnatal breast development.
A double helical 4H assembly pattern with secondary hierarchical complexity in an Ag70 nanocluster crystal
Authors: Chen Tao , Yang Sha , Li Qinzhen , Song Yongbo , Li Guang , Chai Jinsong , Zhu Manzhou 
Published: August 2021

A new Ag70(TBBT)42(TPP)5 nanocluster with a decahedral Ag23 core is reported which show the complex secondary structure of a double helical 4H (DH4H) close packing pattern in its crystal lattice.
Heterogeneity among enhancer RNAs: origins, consequences and perspectives
Authors: Syed Khaja Mohieddin , Hon Chung-Chau 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are non-coding RNAs transcribed from distal cis-regulatory elements (i.e. enhancers), which are stereotyped as short, rarely spliced and unstable. In fact, a non-negligible fraction of eRNAs seems to be longer, spliced and more stable, and their cognate enhancers are epigenomically and functionally distinguishable from typical enhancers. In this review, we first summarized the genomic and molecular origins underlying the observed heterogeneity among eRNAs. Then, we discussed how their heterogeneous properties (e.g. stability) affect the modes of interaction with their regulatory partners, from promiscuous cis-interactions to specific trans-interactions. Finally, we highlighted the existence of a seemingly continuous spectrum of eRNA properties and its implications in the genomic origins of non-coding RNA genes from an evolutionary perspective.
The non-coding genome in genetic brain disorders: new targets for therapy?
Authors: Medico-Salsench Eva , Karkala Faidra , Lanko Kristina , Barakat Tahsin Stefan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The non-coding genome, consisting of more than 98% of all genetic information in humans and once judged as ‘Junk DNA’, is increasingly moving into the spotlight in the field of human genetics. Non-coding regulatory elements (NCREs) are crucial to ensure correct spatio-temporal gene expression. Technological advancements have allowed to identify NCREs on a large scale, and mechanistic studies have helped to understand the biological mechanisms underlying their function. It is increasingly becoming clear that genetic alterations of NCREs can cause genetic disorders, including brain diseases. In this review, we concisely discuss mechanisms of gene regulation and how to investigate them, and give examples of non-coding alterations of NCREs that give rise to human brain disorders. The cross-talk between basic and clinical studies enhances the understanding of normal and pathological function of NCREs, allowing better interpretation of already existing and novel data. Improved functional annotation of NCREs will not only benefit diagnostics for patients, but might also lead to novel areas of investigations for targeted therapies, applicable to a wide panel of genetic disorders. The intrinsic complexity and precision of the gene regulation process can be turned to the advantage of highly specific treatments. We further discuss this exciting new field of ‘enhancer therapy’ based on recent examples.
Mineralocorticoid receptor actions in cardiovascular development and disease
Authors: Young Morag J. , Clyne Colin D. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) are transcriptional regulators that mediate the diverse physiological and pathophysiological actions of corticosteroid hormones across many tissues. In the kidney aldosterone control of sodium/water resorption via DNA-binding actions of the MR is established. MRs also regulate tissues not involved in electrolyte homeostasis such as the heart, adipose tissue, brain, and inflammatory cells where the MRs can respond to both aldosterone and cortisol. The pathology of inappropriate MR activation in non-epithelial tissues are well-described, and steroidal antagonists of the MR have been clinically beneficial in the management of heart failure and blood pressure for decades. However, the role of cortisol-dependent MR activation in the physiological setting is less well defined. Like other steroid hormone receptors, the MR also regulates non-DNA-binding pathways including MAPK pathways and G protein coupled receptors to provide diversity to MR signaling. Whether nonDNA binding pathways are more relevant for MR activation in non-epithelial, versus epithelial, tissues remain unclear. This review will focus on molecular regulation of ligand-dependent MR activation and the physiology and pathophysiology of MR actions in the heart with a focus on the cardiomyocyte and provide a discussion of relevant genomic and non-genomic MR pathways and potential new transcriptional partners for the MR and their relevance for health and disease. Understanding MR actions in the heart will provide new insights into cell-selective mechanisms that underpin the therapeutic benefits of MRAs, and are a critical step towards developing next-generation tissue selective MR modulators with improved safety profiles.
Rab GTPases in Parkinson's disease: a primer
Authors: Lara Ordóñez Antonio Jesús , Fasiczka Rachel , Naaldijk Yahaira , Hilfiker Sabine 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a prominent and debilitating movement disorder characterized by the death of vulnerable neurons which share a set of structural and physiological properties. Over the recent years, increasing evidence indicates that Rab GTPases can directly as well as indirectly contribute to the cellular alterations leading to PD. Rab GTPases are master regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking events, and alterations in certain membrane trafficking steps can be particularly disruptive to vulnerable neurons. Here, we describe current knowledge on the direct links between altered Rab protein function and PD pathomechanisms.
Formal specification and verification of fault location, isolation and service restoration of local topology model based on distributed processing for active distribution network
Authors: Weng Jiaming , Liu Dong , Liu Yingxu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractActive distribution network (ADN) technology, as an important trend of the future smart distribution grid, is able to effectively absorb distributed energy resource (DER), to reasonably optimise grid‐load operation characteristics, and to safely support the reliability of power supply. Through enhancing energy utilisation efficiency and friendly interaction with user access, ADN technology is also able to comprehensively improve the power supply reliability of the distribution network. However, distributed feeder automation (FA), as an important part of ADN technology, will also meet new problems and challenges with the access of DER in the distribution network. The formal method can analyse the correctness and effectiveness of a distributed fault processing algorithm from mathematical logic, which provides an important theoretical basis for distributed fault processing. The focus herein is on the formal description and verification of topology modelling in fault location, isolation, and service restoration (FLISR) based on distributed processing. By abstracting and simplifying the complex power system features, the adaptability of the formal method is solved. The logical correctness of the topology model in FLISR based on distributed processing is verified. Finally, the distributed local topology model and algorithm is verified through a formal method using an actual ADN example.
Novel cascading scheme of VSC‐HVDC with DC voltage synchronisation control for system frequency support
Authors: Yuan Xiaotian , Du Zhengchun , Li Yujun , Wu Guihong , Li Jiapeng , Wu Xiaofang , Li Chongtao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel cascading frequency regulation scheme (CFRS) for VSC‐HVDC to provide strong support for the connected weak AC grid without phase‐locked loop and remote‐communication considering the cost‐effective property. The proposed CFRS utilises a DC voltage synchronisation control to enable the self‐synchronisation of VSC‐HVDC without phase‐locked loop, while the corresponding inertia response can be exerted via utilising the stored HVDC capacitor energy. Meanwhile, the DC voltage acts as the reflection of system frequency, enabling the coordination between two‐end VSC stations without communication. More importantly, to fully utilise the VSC‐HVDC potentials, the CFRS that sequentially activates HVDC capacitor and primary frequency control is implemented so that the energy loss and the detrimental control impacts on the sending‐end systems can be minimised while making sure the requirement of system frequency support. Analytical derivations have been done to evaluate the contribution of the proposed CFRS to system frequency regulation. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme has been well validated in PSCAD/EMTDC under several power system contingencies by fully comparing with existing control schemes. The proposed CFRS stands out by the reduced complexity of the control structure, the robustness for connecting the very weak AC grid and the fast frequency regulation ability with consideration of cost‐effective property.