bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Se mobiliser contre l’expulsion d’un bidonville en région parisienne
Authors: Véniat Céline 
Published: February 2021

Comment les familles d’un bidonville menacées d’expulsion se mobilisent-elles pour remédier à un trouble qui les touche de manière sensible et transposent-elles des émotions ressenties sur le terrain en problème public ? Pour le comprendre, cet article sera articulé autour des différentes étapes de la mobilisation, de la réaction à l’annonce de l’expulsion à l’élaboration d’un communiqué de presse, puis à l’expression de la parole des habitants dans un espace de discussions publiques. La description de la mobilisation permet de suivre la constitution d’un micro-public, tous en rendant compte de négociations en coulisses et tout en distinguant plusieurs « cercles de concernement ». Dans un cercle central, les habitants du bidonville subissent l’événement en première ligne, en anticipant des conséquences matérielles directes sur leur vie. Dans un cercle plus ample, les militantes du collectif de soutien en tirent un préjudice affectif, moral et politique car elles ont consacré du temps et de l’énergie à aider les familles au quotidien, avec lesquelles elles ont noué des relations de sociabilité. À la périphérie de ce cercle, un certain nombre de personnes qui partagent un sentiment d’injustice à l’égard du sort des familles vont l’exprimer en participant à la mobilisation.
L’émergence de la cause des pauvres
Authors: Cortinas Muñoz Joan 
Published: February 2021

À partir des années 1970, avoir un revenu inférieur au seuil de pauvreté est progressivement devenu dans plusieurs pays européens la justification d’un nouveau type de politique sociale : le « Revenu minimum d’insertion ». Celui-ci est pensable grâce à une série d’acteurs qui élaborent, à travers la notion de pauvreté, une nouvelle représentation des situations de nécessité, tout en militant pour des politiques destinées à les arrêter : les politiques de lutte contre la pauvreté. Pour ces militants de la cause des pauvres, les situations de nécessité ne sont pas seulement liées au fait d’avoir ou non un emploi, mais aussi à une multitude de facteurs interdépendants (formation, situation familiale, état de santé, etc.). Les travaux constructivistes existant sur les promoteurs de la cause des pauvres pointent les transformations du catholicisme d’après-guerre et de la pensée de gauche des années 1960 comme les deux conditions de possibilité de cette nouvelle cause. Cependant, le cas espagnol nous permet de constater que l’émergence de la cause des pauvres s’explique également par des éléments propres au contexte sociopolitique national et international : fin du franquisme, transformations au sein de l’Église vaticane et construction de la Communauté économique européenne.
Del suicidio de Judas al salto de Pármeno: codicia, traición y caídas mortales en <i>La Celestina</i>
Authors: Beltrán Rafael 
Published: February 2021

El artículo se propone el estudio de las influencias de los motivos de la traición y suicidio de Judas Iscariote en las caídas mortales de cuatro personajes principales de La Celestina. Judas encarna, mejor que ningún otro personaje bíblico, la trayectoria del pecador, desde la lealtad y la traición hasta la desesperación y la muerte suicida. Se examina la figura literaria e iconográfica de la codicia, traición y suicidio de Judas en la Edad Media, centrándonos en los dos tipos de suicidio que refleja la Biblia. Se analizan las caídas accidentales (Calisto), los saltos mortales al vacío (Sempronio y Pármeno) y el suicidio (Melibea); las imágenes de representación de la traición (la bolsa de las monedas); y, finalmente, la trayectoria de Pármeno, que va, como la de Judas, desde fidelidad del buen criado, pasando por la codicia y la traición, hasta el salto mortal hacia el vacío desesperado.
<i>La Celestina</i> como modelo de Rafael Chirbes en <i>Crematorio</i>
Authors: Llamas Martínez Jacobo 
Published: February 2021

Chirbes manifestó su inclinación por La Celestina principalmente en el artículo «Sin piedad ni speranza. (Revolución literaria en La Celestina)», pero también en entrevistas promocionales de En la orilla, en entradas de A ratos perdidos, sus diarios inéditos, y en las marcas de lectura de las dos ediciones de la obra conservadas en la Fundació Rafael Chirbes (la de Peter E. Russell del año 1991 y la de Francisco J. Lobera et alii del año 2000). En este artículo se comparan los juicios de Chirbes sobre el texto de Rojas con la estructura y la forma monologada de Crematorio; con los tipos, las relaciones y el registro de sus personajes; y con su tono y ambiente ruin.
Physicochemical Research of Mineral and Mountain Spring Waters in Bulgaria
Authors: Ignatov Ignat 
Published: February 2021

In Bulgaria is observed a great variety of spring waters. They are mineral and mountain spring waters. According to their temperature they can be cold (up to 37° С), warm (from 37° C to 60° C) and hot (over 60° C). This is Bulgarian standard, European Union.
The mountain spring waters are cold with temperature up to 25° С.
In Bulgaria for drinking mineral and mountain spring waters are valid Ordinance No 9 / 2001, Official State Gazette, issue 30, and decree No. 178 / 23.07.2004.
By their chemical composition they fall into three categories – low mineralized (up to 2 g/L), moderately mineralized (2 to 15 g/L) and highly mineralized (15 – 30 g/L). According to their chemical composition the mineral waters are divided into sulphate, sulfide, hydrogen carbonate, chloride and carbonic. With regards to their gas composition they are nitrogen, sea and carbonic waters.
The objective of the current study is to show springs examined by physicochemical parameters and correspond to Ordinance No 9 / 2001, Official State Gazette, issue 30, and decree No 178 / 23.07.2004 about the quality of water intended for drinking and household purposes.
In the current study mineral waters and mountain spring waters from mountain regions of Bulgaria have been studied. It is well known that in the mountain areas of Bulgaria live the most of long-living people and centenarians. The studies are conducted by microbiological laboratory of Trakia University, Stara Zagora headed by Nedyalka Valcheva, accredited laboratory Eurotest Control, and the laboratory of Scientific Research Center of Medical Biophysics.
Utilization of ICTs in Agricultural Marketing Information Delivery in Charland of Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Muhammad Ziaul , Haque Md. Enamul , Prodhan Foyez Ahmed , Islam Md. Shariful 
Published: February 2021

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays a significant role in delivering agricultural marketing information to the door-steps of the agrarian community for effectively managing the farming practices and getting maximum profitability. However, the agrarian community in the rural areas, particularly in the Charland areas are yet to exploit this opportunity. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the status of ICT’s utilization in receiving agricultural marketing information in a selected Charland area of Bangladesh. The study was descriptive and diagnostic type research, conducted through primary data collection from the 120 farmers by a face to face interview technique. Findings revealed that almost 60% of the sampled respondents seek information related to agricultural marketing. Although a significant number of the farmers had access to different ICT tools such as mobile phones, radio, and television, the majority of them depends on peer-group farmers and the union digital center as the key sources of marketing-related information. Nonetheless, 26.58% of ownership farmers utilized ICTs for getting agricultural marketing information. Low access to electricity connection and their interrupted supply, lack of sales and customer delivery center for ICT-based tools in the rural areas, and insufficient training and awareness building initiatives are major challenges for effective utilization of ICTs by the rural Charland farmers.
Pollution of Mpanga River by Kabundaire Abattoir Effluents, Fort Portal Tourism City, Uganda
Authors: Businge Fred , Kagoya Sarah , Omara Timothy , Angiro Christopher 
Published: February 2021

Aim: Abattoirs are one of the most pronounced but yet ignored sources of highly recalcitrant wastewater that has significant impacts on the environment. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of Kabundaire abattoir effluents on the quality of water in the receiving Mpanga river, Fort Portal tourism city of Uganda. The study also estimated the amount of water used and wastewater generated in the facility between December 2018 and December 2019, and the number of animals slaughtered per month in the abattoir.
Study Design: This research employed a quantitative research design.
Place and Duration of Study: Samples were collected from six different sites of Mpanga river at intervals of 2 km from Fort Portal town: upstream (Kahungabunyoni and Kagote A), midstream/ effluent discharge point (Kabundaire and Mpanga market) and downstream (Rwabuhinga and Kitumba) along Mpanga river stretch in the morning and evening hours. The analyses were done at National Water & Sewerage Corporation, Fort Portal, Uganda. The sampling and experimental work was done between May 2019 and August 2019.
Methodology: The physicochemical properties (pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, total nitrates and total phosphates) and microbiological (Escherichia coli and total coliform) profile of the water samples were determined following standard methods. To quantify the amount of water used and wastewater generated, the number of cattle, goats and sheep slaughtered per day between December 2018 and April 2019 were retrieved from abattoir records and extrapolated.
Results: Analytical results indicated that the evaluated water quality parameters were in the range of 6.93 ± 0.02 to 7.90 ± 0.16, 22.0 ± 0.14 ℃ to 23.6 ± 0.26 ℃, 0.01 ± 0.00 mg/L to 0.26 ± 0.02 mg/L, 6.30 ± 0.03 mg/L to 10.00 ± 0.03 mg/L, 4.20 ± 0.05 mg/L to 9.70 ± 0.02 mg/L, 4 × 102 CFU/mL to 48 × 103 CFU/mL, 1.4 × 104 CFU/mL to 6.6 × 106 CFU/mL for pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, total phosphates, total nitrates, Escherichia coli and total coliforms, respectively. Most of the parameters were above permissible limits except pH, temperature and total nitrates. An average of 133 cattle, 78 goats and 33 sheep are slaughtered in Kabundaire abattoir every month. The actual number varies by month, depending on the demand for meat. The amount of water used, and the wastewater generated were estimated at 15,768 m3/year and 18,396 m3/year, respectively.
Conclusion: Discharge of effluents from Kabundaire abattoir into Mpanga river negatively affects its water quality. Mpanga river water is not safe for domestic use without further treatment/purification. We recommend that an anaerobic wastewater treatment facility should be installed at Kabundaire abattoir to enhance environmental conservation. Further studies should determine the actual amount of water used and wastewater generated at the facility.
Design and Development of Self-Propelled Power Unit for Cono Weeder
Authors: Kanth B. Krishna , Shrivastava A. K. , Bairwa Jitendra 
Published: February 2021

Weeds are the major reason for economic losses in paddy production. Despite advances made in weed control, they continue to cause serious crop losses. Presently in India, majorly weeding in machine transplanted paddy fields was done by manually operated cono weeder which is labor-intensive and time-consuming. The objective of this research was to design and develop a self-propelled unit for manually operated cono weeder. A self-propelled power unit is developed at the workshop of CAE, JNKVV, Jabalpur, with the power by the Honda engine of 1.3 (hp) petrol engines. It is a compact low weight machine, self-propelled with a positive drive system by using a chain and sprocket transmission system. The working width of the developed weeder was 150mm. It was found that the self-propelled power unit with cono weeder has a field capacity of 0.033ha/h with 73.92% weeding efficiency and 89 % field efficiency. Similarly, for manually operated cono weeder has a field capacity of 0.0202 ha/h with 76.68 % weeding efficiency and 86 % field efficiency. Among the two weeders, man-hours are required for a hectare field is 30.35 man-h/ha for a self-propelled unit with a cono weeder as compared with a manually operated cono weeder i.e., 49man-h/ha. The operational cost of weeding was maximum in manually operated cono weeder of 1531.25 Rs/ha as compared with self-propelled unit cono weeder of 1403.43 Rs/ha.
Patient Satisfaction with Colorectal Rapid Access Clinic
Authors: Cattle Kirsty , Athisayaraj Thomas , Keeling Neil , Mishra Ami 
Published: February 2021

Aims: Patients referred with red flag colorectal cancer symptoms are seen within 2 weeks of referral and require completion of treatment within 62 days of referral. The demand on resources is such that the remit of this rapid access pathway (RAP) is to diagnose or exclude cancer quickly. It is hypothesised that patients on these pathways are less likely to have their symptoms addressed and more likely to be dissatisfied with the service received.
Study Design: Questionnaire based study of all patients attending new colorectal outpatient appointments, both routine and RAP.
Place and Duration of Study: All patients referred the colorectal department at West Suffolk Hospital, a district general hospital, during January 2018 were sent a questionnaire 6 months later.
Methodology: Results were analysed for statistically significant differences between the two groups in relation to patient satisfaction.
Results: Of 273 new patients, questionnaires were returned by 78 patients attending rapid access clinics and 61 attending routine new appointments. There was no significant difference in the overall level of satisfaction with the overall investigation and management process between patients seen in rapid access clinics or routine new appointments (P = 0.867). Patients on the RAP were less likely to have been given a diagnosis (p = 0.001) or advice on managing their symptoms (P = 0.002). When assessing a number of variables, only patients whose symptoms had resolved were significantly more satisfied with the overall care pathway (P = 0.037).
Conclusion: Patients seen on the RAP are not less satisfied with their care.
Marketing Information System: A Success Factor of Shipping Business in Cyprus
Authors: Plomaritou Evi , Patsiouras Christos 
Published: February 2021

The marketing information system plays a vital role in marketing planning. Profitable development of a shipping company can only come from a continual commitment to matching the shipping enterprise’s capabilities with customers’ needs. In order that the shipping company can be certain this matching process is taking place effectively, it is necessary that a two-way information flow exists between the client and the firm. Sound shipping marketing plans rely on sound marketing strategies, and this requires the organization of information into a comprehensible, rational and systematic structure. This paper presents the structure of the Shipping Marketing Information System and examines the commercial, economical and managerial aspects ensued from its operation. No previous research has been conducted on the implementation of the marketing information system in the Cypriot shipping companies. Therefore, the importance of this research lies in the fact that it provides useful and valid data for evaluating the role of the marketing information system as a success factor of shipping business in Cyprus. More specifically, this paper aims to explore the main aspects of the marketing information system by developing knowledge, theories and procedures.
Evaluating Distance between Vibrating Line and Fovea Palatinae in Class I, Class II and Class III Soft Palate Types
Authors: Kumar Bharat , Abbas Muhammad , Naz Asma , Kumar Naresh , Ali Shahid , Lone Muneeb Ahmed 
Published: February 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the mean distance between the vibrating line and fovea palatinae in Class I, Class II and Class III Soft Palate types.
Methodology: This study was conducted at Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences Karachi among 197patients. Duration of study was six months. All patients were examined for vibrating line clinically, assessed using phonation method. Subsequently, distance between vibrating line and fovea paltatinae was measured with uncalibrated compass in various contours of soft palate.
Results: Out of 197 patient, the vibrating line was seen in130 (64%) anterior to fovea palatinae, whereas, 67 (34%) vibrating line was at the fovea palatinae. The mean distance of those anterior located vibrating line from fovea palatine was calculated as 2.13 (±0.82) mm in Class, 2.07 (±0.69) mm in Class II and 1.80 (±0.82) mm in Class III soft palate contours.
Statistical analysis showed no significant between gender, while statistically significant difference among age group and mean distance of anterior located vibrating line from fovea palatinae were found.
Conclusions: The mean distance of vibrating line which is predominately found anterior to the fovea palatinae was 2.07 (±0.77) mm.
Energetic Balance of Biogas and Fertilizing Potential of Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion of Manihot Utilissima
Authors: Nsimba Beaudrique Mboko , Mambanzulua Philippe Ngoma , Basosila Norbert Lolofo , Korangi Virginie Alleluya , Saidi Mugunda , Esole Yamba 
Published: February 2021

Optimal scale production of biogas from the anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes (OWs) as substrates has become one of stimulating environment-friendly procedures to foster the replacement of fossil energies by renewable ones. AD of OWs generated from households is desirable as an effective method to fight against environmental pollution effects of the latter in developing countries. Notably in Africa where each year there are more than 600,000 premature deaths following the use of solid biomass energy (especially charcoal). Yet, if assessing the potential of biogas production, that is, biochemical methane potential (BMP) has played a prominent role in the choice of substrates, in the other hand the evaluation of the optimal ratio between the quantity of variety OWs and the amount of energy to be produced has not received several attentions. The latter is valuable not only for energetic productivity but also for profitability. Thus, in this report, an energetic balance between the amount of leaves and stems of Manihot Utilissima (MU) annually produced as well as the energetic potential of their biogas were investigated. Cow manure (CM) was employed as inoculum, under mesophilic conditions of the collection sites: Ngaba and Ndjili in Kinshasa City Province (KCP), Congo DR, where the leaves and stems of MU are among the most generated wastes. Furthermore, we evaluated the fertilizing potential of digestates from the AD of the leaves and stems by their Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratios.
The annual energetic potentials of biogas produced were estimated to be 1.362 ± 0.028 109 kWh for the leaves and 0.337 ± 0.006 109 kWh for the stems. These were associated to the energy needs for the KCP households corresponding to the use of charcoal. The latter was evaluated to be 166 103 tons for leaves and 41 103 tons for the stems of MU, respectively.
The fertilizing potential of digestates from the AD of the leaves and stems of MU assessed by their C/N ratios were determined to be 5 and 10, respectively; indicating that they are favorable for the cultivation of vegetables and fruit trees in KCP soils (C/N~5) but also optimal for the organisms, soil conditioning and could improve the soils hydraulic conductivity (C/N~10).
Catalytic Oxidation of Tartrazine in Aqueous Solution Using a Pillared Clay with Aluminum and Iron
Authors: Gálvez-Serna Ángel David , Macías-Quiroga Iván Fernando , Giraldo-Gómez Gloria Inés , Dávila-Arias María Teresa , Sanabria-González Nancy Rocío 
Published: February 2021

In this work, pillared bentonite with Al−Fe (Al−Fe−PILC) was synthesized and used as a heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst in the oxidation of tartrazine azo-dye in an aqueous solution. The modification of bentonite with the Al-Fe mixed system in a concentrated medium, with ultrasound assisted intercalation was carried out, and the obtained catalyst was characterized by XRF, XRD, and N2 adsorption at 77 K. The oxidation of tartrazine with Al−Fe−PILC, using different amounts of H2O2, expressed as a multiple (1, 3, 6, and 9) of a stoichiometry amount required to completely oxidize the dye was evaluated. The reaction of catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of the dye with 400 mg of Al−Fe−PILC and 6 times the stoichiometric amount of H2O2 at 25 °C, reached 98.2±1.8% of decolorization, 51.9±1.9% of TOC removal and 71.5±1.8% of TN removal. Results of this study show that the oxidation of tartrazine increased with the amount of H2O2 up to a certain limit. This oxidation process can be considered as an alternative for treating wastewater containing azo-dye because the reaction takes place under mild experimental conditions (room temperature and atmospheric pressure). Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Ultrasensitive Exhaled Breath Sensors Based on Anti‐Resonant Hollow Core Fiber with In Situ Grown ZnO‐Bi2O3 Nanosheets
Authors: Liu Wei , Zheng Yu , Wang Zhe , Wang Zhixun , Yang Jiao , Chen Mengxiao , Qi Miao , Ur Rehman Shafiq , Shum Perry Ping , Zhu Ling , Wei Lei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCombination of anti‐resonant hollow‐core fiber (HCF) and semiconductor nanomaterial is an effective strategy to obtain high‐performance gas sensors with exceptional sensitivity and low power consumption. However, controlling the semiconductor morphology onto HCF is a major challenge to achieve the desired gas sensor with the enhanced sensitivity. Here, a ZnO‐Bi2O3 nanosheets (NSs) heterostructure is grown in situ on the surface of HCF by sol–gel and hydrothermal methods. ZnO‐Bi2O3 NSs serving as electron acceptors trap electrons after acetone adsorption and then change the refractive index of the surface of HCF. Benefiting from the unique sheet structure and the synergetic effects for multi‐component, the resulting ZnO‐Bi2O3 NSs enabled HCF gas sensor exhibits high sensitivity, selectivity, and repeatability for detecting acetone at room temperature, particularly in the low concentration range, with the theoretical limit of detection down to 140 parts‐per‐billion. Meanwhile, the successful application of the ZnO‐Bi2O3 NSs enabled HCF gas sensor to distinguish the exhaled breath from the healthy individuals and simulated diabetic cases is demonstrated, which paves the way to achieve non‐invasive, ultra‐sensitivity gas sensing at room temperature for the early diagnosis of diabetes.
Hydrogel as a Superwetting Surface Design Material for Oil/Water Separation: A Review
Authors: Lv Yong , Xi Xiangju , Dai Lei , Tong Shuhua , Chen Zhirong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOil/water separation is significantly important to the ecological system. A variety of materials have been explored to address this issue via the rational control of surface morphology, nanostructures, and chemical compositions of materials. Among them, hydrogels emerge as a potential option because of their interfacial features (i.e., superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity). Hydrogel‐coated materials are well studied and proven to have high efficiency in separating different oil/water mixtures under various conditions. This review provides an extensive summary and analyses on the progress of this topic, mainly focusing on the preparation of corresponding hydrogel‐coated materials and their performance and mechanism in oil/water separation. The perspective and the outlook for future studies are also given. This article may provide readers with guidance to quickly enter this area and give researchers some inspiration for future work.