bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-traditional Acupuncture Therapies for Smoking Cessation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhang Ying-Ying , Yu Ze-Yu , Lan Hui-Di , Liang Shi-Bing , Fang Min , Robinson Nicola , Liu Jian-Ping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNon-traditional acupuncture (NTA) therapies widely used for smoking cessation include acupressure, transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS), laser acupuncture, intradermal needle, and acupoint catgut embedding (ACE). Our aim was to evaluate their therapeutic effects and safety for smoking cessation. MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing NTA therapies with sham NTA or conventional therapy for smoking cessation were included. Ten databases were searched from their inception to February 2021. Two review authors independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.4 software. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was applied to assess the quality of evidence. The primary outcome was abstinence rate at short-term (1-3months), mid-term (3-6months), and long-term (≥6months). ResultsTwenty-five RCTs involving 2600 smokers were identified. Acupressure was found more effective than sham acupressure or conventional therapy in improving short-term (RR 1.41, 95% CI [1.04 to1.91]; low certainty; 8 trials, n=637) and mid-term abstinence rate (RR 1.63, 95% CI [1.27 to 2.09]; low certainty; 8 trials, n=749). Intradermal needle was not superior to sham control or counseling for short-term (RR 1.62, 95% CI [0.85 to 3.08]; low certainty; 5 trials, n=346) and mid-term abstinence rate (RR 1.49, 95% CI [0.68 to 3.27]; low certainty; 3 trials, n=187).TEAS failed to show a better effect than sham TEAS or counseling for short-term abstinence rate (RR 1.27, 95% CI [0.96 to 1.67];moderate certainty;5 trials, n=485), TEAS appeared more beneficial for mid-term abstinence (RR 1.58, 95% CI [1.10 to 2.27]; moderate certainty; 3 trials, n=325). Laser acupuncture was superior to sham control for long-term abstinence rate (RR 2.25, 95% CI [1.23 to 4.11]; moderate certainty; 2 trials, n=160). ACE was comparable to Bupropion for mid-term abstinence rate (RR 0.99, 95% CI [0.70 to 1.40]; low certainty; 2 trials, n=177). No serious adverse events were reported in the included trials. Conclusions﻿Low to moderate certainty evidence suggests that acupressure, TEAS, laser acupuncture and ACE maybe effective in achieving short-term, middle-term or long-term smoking cessation. Further large, long-term follow-up RCTs are warranted to verify their benefits and safety.Systematic review registration: INPLASY 202120054.
Effect of Carbon Nanotubes Intensified Coolant on the Grinding Performance of Carburizing and Quenching 12Cr2Ni4A Steel
Authors: Zhang Gaofeng , Luo Dejing , Wu Gaocan , Liu Da , Wang Jiakun , Deng Xin , Cai Jianbo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
12Cr2Ni4A steel is a high-quality alloy structural steel. This article explores the surface/sub-surface condition, surface roughness, and micromorphology of the workpiece surface after grinding 12Cr2Ni4A steel via nanofluid casting to characterize the surface quality and analyzes the burn condition of the workpiece based on the microhardness of the cross-section of the workpiece and the micro-morphology of the subsurface of the workpiece. The test results indicate that the high heat transfer capacity of the carbon nanotube nanofluid can prevent the workpiece from being burned; further, the nanofluid casting type grinding obtains the lowest grinding force and surface roughness compared to the normal and tangential grinding forces. The surface roughness is reduced by 19.2%, 25.0%, and 19.1% at the highest because the nanoparticles (carbon nanotubes) play a “lubricating effect” in the grinding area, and the surface quality of the workpiece is therefore improved. The microhardness of the cross-section of the workpiece indicates that a softened layer appears on the workpiece after dry grinding at normal temperature and on the workpiece after traditional casting grinding. The maximum softening layer thickness for normal temperature dry grinding and traditional casting grinding is ~100 and 40 µm, respectively; no obvious softening layer was observed in nanofluid casting grinding. Tempering burns and secondary quenching burns appear on the subsurface of the workpieces of normal temperature dry grinding and traditional casting grinding. The thicknesses of the affected layers of the tempering and secondary quenching burns are ~98 and 35 µm, respectively; for the nanofluid casting, no obvious burns were observed on the sub-surface of the workpiece ground by type grinding. Thus, this research aims to explore how to minimize grinding burns and propose a new type of nanofluid casting grinding technology.
Study on Multi-Degree of Freedom Dynamic Vibration Absorber of the Carbody of High-Speed Trains
Authors: SUN Yu , Zhou Jinsong , Gong Dao , Ji Yuanjin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To absorb the vibration of the carbody of the high-speed train in multiple degrees of freedom, a multi-degree of freedom dynamic vibration absorber (MDOF DVA) is proposed. Installed under the carbody, the natural vibration frequency of the MDOF DVA from each DOF can be designed as a DVA for each single degree of freedom of the carbody. Hence, a 12-DOF model including the main vibration system and a MDOF DVA is established, and the principle of Multi-DOF dynamic vibration absorption is analyzed by combining the design method of single DVA and genetic algorithm. Based on a high-speed train dynamics model including an under-carbody MDOF DVA, the vibration control effect on each DOF of the MDOF DVA is analyzed by the virtual excitation method. Moreover, a high static and low dynamic stiffness (HSLDS) mount is proposed based on a cam–roller–spring mechanism for the installation of the MDOF DVA due to the requirement of the low vertical dynamic stiffness. From the dynamic simulation of a non-linear model in time-domain, the vibration control performance of the MDOF DVA installed with nonlinear HSLDS mount on the carbody is analyzed. The results show that the MDOF DVA can absorb the vibration of the carbody in multiple degrees of freedom effectively, and improve the running ride quality of the vehicle.
Synergistic Photocatalytic-adsorption Removal of Basic Magenta Effect of AgZnO/polyoxometalates Nanocomposite
Authors: Tian Heyun , Luo Jie , Zhang Ke , Ma Chenguang , Qi Yiyi , Zhan Shixia , Liu HongLing , Li Mingxue 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The bifunctional photocatalytic-adsorbent AgZnO/polyoxometalates (AgZnO/POMs) nanocomposites were synthesized by combining AgZnO hybrid nanoparticles and polyoxometalates [Cu(L)2(H2O)]H2[Cu(L)2(P2Mo5O23)]×4H2O (HL = C6H6N2O) into nanostructures via a sonochemical method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that AgZnO/POMs nanocomposites were uniform with narrow particle size distribution and without agglomeration. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed the nanostructure and composition of AgZnO/POMs nanocomposites. The ultraviolet-visible spectra (UV-vis) and photoluminescence spectra (PL) confirmed excellent optical properties of the AgZnO/POMs nanocomposites. 94.0% of basic magenta (BM) in aqueous solution could be removed using the AgZnO/POMs nanocomposites through adsorption and photocatalysis. The kinetic analysis showed that both the adsorption and photocatalysis process conform to pseudo-second-order kinetics. In addition, the removal efficiency of AgZnO/POMs nanocomposites was found to be almost unchanged after 5 cycles of use. The bifunctional photocatalytic-adsorbent AgZnO/POMs nanocomposites with high stability and cycling performance have broad application prospects in the treatment of refractory organic dye wastewater containing triphenylmethane.
Evaluation of the Optic Nerve Head Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Systemic Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Zirtiloglu Sibel , Alikma Mustafa Suat , Acar Ozge Pinar Akarsu , Guven Fatih , Icacan Ozan Cemal , Yigit Fadime Ulviye 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction This study aims to quantify retinal microvascular vessel density using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SS), whether there is a difference in values ​​with the controls and to correlate it with the disease activity, damage risk and drug usage. Material- method SSc patients were enrolled, and age- and gender-matched controls underwent OCTA, after basic ophthalmological and rheumatological examinations in this cross-sectional, prospective study. Results 61 eyes of 61 consecutive SSc patients with a median age 52 years were investigeted. There was no statistically significant difference between patients and control groups regarding RNFL and OCTA measurements. As the ANA titer increases (RNFLs (p=0.01, r=-0.327), RPCwhole (p= 0.029, r= 0.279), RPCperipapiller (p=0.037, r=-0.267), RPC superior (p= 0.003, r=-0.371), RPCinferior (p=0.02, r=0.297)); there was a statistically significant decrease. RPC inside values were found to be lower in Anti Scl 70 positive patients compared to negative ones (p=0.021). RNFLn (p = 0.03), r =-0.278) value decreased as the years of disease increased. RPCinside value was found to be higher in patients using hydroxychloroquine and calcium channel blocker than those who did not use hydroxychloroquine respectively (p=0.021, p=0.027). RPC whole, RPC peripapillary, RPCnasal values were found to be statistically significantly higher in corticosteroid users than those who did not, respectivly (p = 0.043; 0.030; 0.033) Conclusion OCTA is a safe, fast non-invasive examination and can be used to investigate subclinical eye involvement in rheumatologic diseases using single scan.
Crystallite fusion in nanocellulose aggregates
Authors: Daicho Kazuho , Kobayashi Kayoko , Fujisawa Shuji , Saito Tsuguyuki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Crystallite refers to a single crystalline grain in crystal aggregates, and multiple crystallites form a grain boundary or the inter-crystallite interface. A grain boundary is a structural defect that hinders the efficient directional transfer of mechanical stress or thermal phonons in crystal aggregates. We observed that grain boundaries within an aggregate of a-few-nanometers-wide fibrillar crystallites of cellulose were crystallized by enhancing their inter-crystallite interactions; multiple crystallites were coupled into single fusion crystals without passing through a melting or dissolving state. Accordingly, the crystallinity of naturally occurring cellulose, which has previously been considered irreversible once decreased, was recovered, and the thermal energy transfer in the aggregate was significantly improved. Other fibrillar crystallites of chitin also showed a similar fusion phenomenon by enhancing the inter-crystallite interactions. Crystallite fusion in aggregates may occur for other biopolymers.
Visual convex time preferences: Lab, field and high schools
Authors: Branas-Garza Pablo , Prissé Benjamin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We introduce the Visual Convex Time Preferences (VCTP) task, a new tool for measuring time preferences that synthesizes the simplicity of Multiple Price List (MPL) and the precision of Convex Time Budget (CTB) tasks. We evaluate VCTP in three environments: lab, field and high school. The lab experiment suggests that VCTP improves the precision of time preferences without increasing task time or decreasing subject consistency. The field experiment partially replicates the results, since subjects make little use of the additional precision. The high school experiment shows that younger populations find it difficult to perform both the MPL and the VCTP, but older teenagers use the advantage of VCTP at no cost. Overall, the results indicate that the task successfully measures time preferences but should be adapted to specific populations.
Nodulation Alleviates Water Stress in Vachellia Sieberiana
Authors: Telford Elizabeth Mary , Stevens Nicola , midgley Guy , Lehmann Caroline 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Species in the genus Vachellia (Fabaceae) have a global tropical and sub-tropical distribution. Numerous Vachellia species are currently observed to be expanding their indigenous ranges and increasing in dominance globally, suggesting an overarching driver. Most Vachellia species enhance nitrogen uptake mutualistically via specialized root nodule structures. Nodules contain N2-fixing rhizobia that consume host supplied carbon to catalyse atmospheric N2 into a plant useable form, a key element in plant growth. The rhizobial mutualism of some Vachellia species may be vital to understanding changing patterns of ecological success observed across the savanna precipitation gradient. Here, we investigated how the seedling root development and physiology of two dominant savanna woody species, the arid-adapted Vachellia erioloba and the mesic-adapted Vachellia sieberiana, responded to simulated drought events. Seedlings of both species were grown at 4%, 8% and 16% soil moisture content (SMC) for four months. Seedling growth and allometry of arid-adapted V. erioloba was unresponsive to water stress treatments, and no nodulation was observed, reflecting a fixed higher relative investment in belowground biomass. In contrast, V. sieberiana roots were nodulated, but developed the highest nodule biomass and growth rate when grown at the lowest soil moisture (4% SMC). These patterns suggest that effective life history strategies for the arid-30 adapted species precludes the need for rhizobial mutualism, possibly due to more “open” N cycling and lower competitive interactions in arid systems, while the more “closed” N cycling in mesic savannas, and higher competitive stress, may favour nodulation, especially under low water supply that limits root access to soil nitrogen, and signals a more competitive environment and an advantage from N2-fixing.
The Impact of Different Radiotherapy Techniques on Treatment Outcome of Hypopharyngeal Carcinomas in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: AYDIN BARBAROS , Cetinayak Oguz , Cakir Asli , Umay Cenk , Akturk Nesrin , Karabay Nuri , Akman Fadime 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose was to evaluate the outcomes of different radiotherapy techniques used in routine clinical practice for the radical treatment of hypopharyngeal cancer and the improvement of outcomes over the last decades.Methods: We compared 2D-RT, 3D-CRT and VMAT techniques and the improvement of outcomes over the last decades in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy between January 1992 and December 2016. Eighty-one patients with hypopharyngeal cancer were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The median follow-up time was 15 (2-266) months. Radiotherapy technique (p=0.049, p=0.025), KPS (p <0.001, p=0.002), nodal stage (p=0.012, p=0.026) and clinical stage (p=0.029, p=0.035) were statistically significant factors affecting overall survival and local regional relapse-free survival in multivariate analysis. Grade 2-4 early and late side effects were significantly more frequent in Group I (2D Conventional Radiotherapy) (%20.3) patients than in Group II (3DCRT, IMRT and VMAT technique) (%3.1) (p=0.04, p=0.038).Conclusion: KPS, stage and advanced RT techniques independently affected outcomes significantly. Side effects are significantly reduced with advanced RT techniques.
Ratio Between Lactobacillus Plantarum and Acetobacter Pomorum on the Surface of Drosophila Melanogaster Adult Flies Depends on Cuticle Melanisation
Authors: Mokeev Vladislav , Wang Yiwen , Gehring Nicole , Moussian Bernard 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives
As in most organisms, the surface of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is associated with bacteria. In order to study the genetic parameters of this association, we developed a simple protocol for surface bacteria isolation and quantification.
Results
On wild-type flies maintained in the laboratory, we identified two persistently culturable species as Lactobacillus plantarum and Acetobacter pomorum by 16S rDNA sequencing. For quantification, we showered single flies for DNA extraction avoiding the rectum to prevent contamination from the gut. Using specific primers for quantitative PCR analyses, we determined the relative abundance of these two species in surface wash samples. Repeatedly, we found 20% more L. plantarum than A. pomorum . To tentatively study the importance of the cuticle for the interaction of the surface with these bacteria, applying Crispr/Cas9 gene editing in the initial wild-type flies, we generated flies mutant for the ebony gene needed for cuticle melanisation and determined the L. plantarum to A. pomorum ratio on these flies. We found that the relative abundance of L. plantarum increased substantially on ebony flies. We conclude that the cuticle chemistry is crucial for surface bacteria composition. This finding may inspire future studies on cuticle-microbiome interactions.
Concept of a Fast Breeder Reactor To Transmute MA and LLFP
Authors: Wakabayashi Toshio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The long-term issues of nuclear power systems are the effective use of uranium resources and the reduction of radioactive waste. Important radioactive wastes are minor actinides (MA: 237 Np, 241 Am, 243 Am, etc.) and long-lived fission products (LLFP: 129 I, 99 Tc, 79 Se, etc.). The purpose of this study was to show a system that can simultaneously achieve the breeding of fissile materials and the transmutation of MA and LLFP in one fast reactor. Transmutation was carried out by loading innovative Duplex type MA fuel in the core region and LLFP containing moderator in the first layer of the radial blanket. Breeding was achieved in the core and axial blanket. As a result, it was clarified that in this fast breeder reactor, a breeding ratio of about 1.1 was obtained, and MA and LLFP achieved a support ratio of 1 or more. The transmutation rate was 10.3%/y for 237 Np, 14.1%/y for 241 Am, 9.9%/y for 243 Am, 1.6%/y for 129 I, 0.75%/y for 99 Tc, and 4%/y for 79 Se. By simultaneously breeding fissile materials and transmuting MA and LLFP in one fast reactor, it will be possible to solve the long-term issues of the nuclear power reactor system, such as securing nuclear fuel resources and reducing radioactive waste.
Fetal Cardiac Parameters for Predicting Postnatal Operation Type of Fetuses With Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Park Suyeon , Won Hye-Sung , Kim Rina , Kim Mijin , Yu Jeong Jin , Park Chun Soo , Yun Tae-Jin , Jung Yewon , Harbi Usamah Al , Lee Mi-Young 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: To assess fetal cardiac parameters predictive of postnatal operation type in fetuses with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Methods: Echocardiographic data obtained in the second and third trimesters were retrospectively reviewed for fetuses diagnosed with TOF between 2014 and 2018 at Asan Medical Center. The following fetal cardiac parameters were analyzed: 1) pulmonary valve annulus (PVA) z-score, 2) right pulmonary artery (RPA) z-score, 3) aortic valve annulus (AVA) z-score, 4) pulmonary valve peak systolic velocity (PV-PSV), 5) PVA/AVA ratio, and 6) RPA/descending aorta (DAo) ratio. These cardiac parameters were compared between a primary corrective surgery group and a palliative shunt operation followed by complete repair group. Results: A total of 100 fetuses with TOF were included. Only one neonatal death occurred. Ninety patients underwent primary corrective surgery and 10 neonates underwent a multistage surgery. The PVA z-score, RPA z-score, and RPA/DAo ratio measured in the second trimester and the PVA z-score, RPA z-score, and PVA/AVA raio measured in the third trimester were significantly lower in the multistage surgery group, while the PV-PSV as measured in both trimesters were significantly higher in the multistage surgery group. Conclusion: Fetal cardiac parameters are useful for predicting the operation type necessary for neonates with TOF.
Integrated Analysis of mRNA and Long Noncoding RNA Profiles in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Cui Han , Duan Ruirui , Niu Hongtao , Yu Tao , Huang Ke , Chen Chen , Hao Ke , Yang Ting , Wang Chen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease with distinct disease phenotypes and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in numerous functionally different biological and physiological processes. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in patients with asthma and further explore the functions and interactions between lncRNAs and mRNAs.Methods: Ten patients with asthma and 9 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We performed microarray analysis to evaluate lncRNA and mRNA expression. The functions of the differentially expressed mRNAs were analyzed by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. A global signal transduction network was constructed to identify the core mRNAs. An lncRNA–mRNA network was constructed. Five mRNAs showing the greatest differences in expression levels or high degrees in the gene-gene functional interaction network, with their correlated lncRNAs, were validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: We identified 2,229 mRNAs and 1,397 lncRNAs between the asthma and control groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis identified many pathways associated with inflammation and cell survival. The gene-gene functional interaction network suggested that some core mRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. The lncRNA–mRNA co-expression network revealed correlated lncRNAs. CXCL8, FOXO3, JUN, PIK3CA, and G0S2 and their related lncRNAs NONHSAT115963, AC019050.1, MTCYBP3, KB-67B5.12, and HNRNPA1P12 were identified according to their differential expression levels and high degrees in the gene-gene network. Conclusions: We identified the core mRNAs and their related lncRNAs and predicted the biological processes and signaling pathways involved in asthma.