bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Diversity of Odonata in Parangkusumo Sand Dune Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Nilamsari E I , Umah N , Daradwinta R , Nicolla A C , Irsyad A N , Firdasia W , Sarifah Z , Sukirno S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Parangkusumo sand dune is a one of unique eolian ecosystem in Yogyakarta. The study on the species diversity of dragonflies in this habitat is still limited. The main purpose of this research was to observe the dragonflies species diversity in Parangkusumo sand dune, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The collection of dragonflies was done by aerial collection using sweep net. The specimens identification was done in Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada based on the morphological characters of the adult stage. The results showed that there were 22 species of Odonata, including 17 dragonflies (Anisoptera) and 5 damselflies (Zygoptera). The diversity index (H’) was 2.51 which inferred medium diversity. Several species such as Anax guttatus, Lestes praemorsus and Tramea transmarina were found to be endemic species. The highest relative abundance of the species was Orthetrum sabina (21.79%) and lowest abundance of species is Orthetrum chrysis (0.14%). Parangkusumo sand dune has medium dragonfly diversity, thus it is recommended this habitat need to be conserved.
Notes on roundleaf bats (Hipposideridae) at selected forest reserves of Central Forest Spine (CFS) landscapes in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Nor Hazwani A R , Shahfiz M A , Faradiana N M F , Kaviarasu M , Alwani N Z , Farhan M S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Surveys on Roundleaf bats (Hipposideridae) were conducted at 18 forest reserves in nine CFS ecological corridor networks namely Pedu, Bukit Saiong, Kenderong, Bintang Hijau, Sungai Betis, Sungai Brok, Tembat, Tanum, Sungai Yu, Ulu Jelai, Bukit Bujang, Angsi, Berembun, Labis Timur, Mersing, Lenggor Tengah, Panti and Ulu Sedili FRs. This study mainly aims to record the presence of Hipposideridae at the selected forest reserves. The surveys started from February 2018 until August 2020. A total of three harp traps were set up in each forest reserve, except for Ulu Jelai, Tembat and Berembun FRs with six harp traps. Overall, 67 individuals comprising seven species from genus Hipposideros were recorded in this study. Hipposideros bicolor was the most widely distributed species recorded in nine forest reserves whereas, Hipposideros larvatus is the most abundance species recorded in this study with 25 individuals. Kenderong and Bintang Hijau FRs recorded the highest number of Hipposideridae species in this study, both with four species. The presence of Hipposiderids in this study might be associated with their suitable roosting and foraging areas as well as availability of food sources. Therefore, this information gives an early insight on Hipposideridae distribution and habitat requirement at the forest reserves in CFS ecological corridor landscapes that stakeholders need to consider in establishing the corridors. More sampling efforts need to put in this study, covering more areas in the forest reserves with longer sampling periods and more number of traps used in order to really identify critical corridors for bat conservations.
Promoting carpooling and vanpooling program to reduce the use of private motorised transportation
Authors: Norazlan M A E , Fahmy-Abdullah M , Masrom M A N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The increasing dependency on private motorised transportation has brought massive traffic congestion mainly in Batu Pahat, Johor. Apart from a few specialised industrial zones in Batu Pahat, most of the areas are near the urban areas. This is to ensure a smooth supply of manpower and raw materials to the manufacturing sectors. However, it led to an increase in the number of vehicles on the road that needs to be investigated further. This study attempts to investigate the current traffic condition, to examine the smart traffic control and integrated traffic information system and also to analyse the public transport, carpooling and vanpooling programs in Batu Pahat. Mixed methods were used for this research namely in document review, observation and questionnaire. The objectives from the outcomes are to decrease the number of private motorised vehicles, implement smart traffic control and provide public transport, carpooling and vanpooling program. In addition, it would be useful in reducing the amount of private motorised vehicles in the area to decrease traffic congestion and also to prepare Bandar Penggaram, Batu Pahat as a low carbon city in the future.
Temporal changes of bat diversity in the urban habitat island of Batu Caves, Malaysia
Authors: Nordin J , Chew T H , Lim L S , Shamsir M S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Batu Caves is an isolated limestone massif surrounded by urban areas located 11km north of Kuala Lumpur and making it a “habitat island” and sanctuary for wildlife. Urban habitat islands are known as biodiversity hotspots and assist conservation in fragmented city landscapes for animals. The Batu Caves complex offer a unique condition as it houses caves that offer refuge for roosting bats out of the twenty explored caves. The most extensive cave complex is the Dark Cave with more than 2000m of surveyed passages. In this study, we compared the temporal changes of bat species diversity in the habitat island of Batu Caves. Species occurrence data was compiled using a bibliographic search in literature databases and compared with a site survey conducted in 2019 using visual, echolocation and LIDAR methods. Result of the comparison showed that there is a significant decline in bat species occurrences and diversity from previous record of eight species to only four species found roosting in the Dark Cave during our survey in 2019. The showed a decline of the number of roosting bat species especially in the Dark Cave of the habitat island Batu Caves.
Mitochondrial Barcodes of Three Malaysian Butterflies Originating from Taman Negara Endau Rompin Johor, Malaysia
Authors: Oon J Y , Kamarudin K R , Ismail N , Omar M S S , Tokiman L , Jahari P N S , Ihsan N , Mohd Salleh F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Butterflies are projected as reliable and economical biodiversity indicator. Traditionally, taxonomists identified and classified butterfly species based on highly similar and ambiguous morphological appearances which can result in problematic species identification process leading to misidentification of species. DNA barcoding has been developed for taxonomic identification of butterflies to species level. Nonetheless, this approach is hampered by the paucity of reference barcodes encompassing butterflies of all families and species in Malaysia. This study reported four novel DNA barcodes (two cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and two cytochrome b, cytb) of Malaysian butterflies generated using Sanger sequencing. One barcode (DIB032 COI) supported the species identified by taxonomists whereas the other three barcodes (DIB034 COI, DIB034 cytb and DIB046/049 cytb) deduced that the butterfly species were either misidentified or unidentified up to species level due to the lack of reference barcodes in GenBank. The four novel DNA barcodes were deposited in GenBank under the accession number MT210226.1 (DIB032 COI), MT210227.1 (DIB034 COI), MT210228.1 (DIB034 cytb) and MT210229.1 (DIB046/049 cytb).
Rapid baseline assessment of crab abundance and species richness in mangroves using a video recording method
Authors: Rahim H A , Shuhaida S , Yahya K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Crabs are among the most dominant macrofauna in mangrove ecosystems. Crabs play vital roles in maintaining the ecological functions of mangroves. However, there are limitations in assessing crab populations accurately. In previous studies crabs are caught or visually observed by researchers to obtain data on crab abundance and diversity. However, difficulties and biases arise due to complications in sighting crabs accurately and minimizing damage caused by intrusive methods used when attempts are made to capture crabs in situ. Therefore, more accurate observations, and less intrusive method should be implemented to identify crab populations. Two less destructive methods to investigate crab abundance were used in this study and compared to ascertain the efficiency of obtaining mangrove crab population data. Findings show that video recording method was more accurate compared with hand catch method in providing crab abundance data as hand catch method resulted in the under-sampling of crab abundance. This video recording method may be used: (1) to identify the abundance of crabs in a quadrat, (2) to provide crab population data as the quadrat is replicated in multiple sampling sites, and (3) to observe crab behaviour.
The implementation of green transportation towards low carbon city
Authors: Senin S N , Fahmy-Abdullah M , Masrom M A N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Green transportation has been introduced to mitigate the global warming and climate change that significantly impact human lives and ecosystems. However, major challenges in green transportation are still driven by the lack of the awareness of the best practices among people or users. The objectives of the study were to identify how much green transportation impact low carbon city and to examine the programme for green transportation in Bandar Penggaram, Batu Pahat. The study was conducted by using mixed method. The data was collected by using questionnaire, document review and observation. The results showed that the green transportation in Bandar Penggaram mostly were from users of plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and hybrid cars. By increasing the number of green transportations, the development of infrastructure for the green transportation is needed in order to encourage users to use this transportation. Besides that, future programmes can be drawn to the government in order to encourage more people to use green transportation. The implications of this study show that people need to give their attention to the incentives that the government have proposed to implement and promote green transportation in Malaysia.
Evaluating the rice germplasm for salinity tolerance based on phenotypic traits
Authors: Site Noorzuraini A R , Mohd Ramdzan O , Nur Idayu A R , Muhammad Hafiz M S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Salinity is one of the major problems which hampers yield production. Salinity stress can be perceived either in the soil or irrigation water. Forty rice germplasms were selected based on their origin country. Salinity level at 12dSm−1 were imposed at seedling stage (10 Days after sowing). The findings observed shoot length and root length were decreased under salt stress. Although, the rice germplasms responded to salt stress differently, however, leaf injury score and percent of survival seedlings successfully differentiated the salt tolerant genotypes. BULASTOG, AZUCENA and ZHEN-LONG 13 were performed well under salt stress with exhibited lowest leaf injury score compared to the tolerant control varieties. BULASTOG also showed the highest percent of survival seedlings under salt stress. The second highest on percent of survival seedlings observed in KHAO TAH HAENG, and followed with CITANDANG. Cluster analysis was constructed based on leaf injury score, shoot length, root length, and percent of survival seedlings grouped the rice germplasms into three major groups. The tolerant control varieties, POKKALI I and POKKALI II were grouped in Group 2. BULASTONG and KHAO TAH HAENG were obviously closed to tolerant control varieties in the group. In conclusion, BULASTONG and KHAO TAH HAENG are the most promising rice germplasms under salinity condition, the germplasms can be recommended for further improvement program for salt tolerant in rice. In addition, shoot length, leaf injury score, and percent of survival seedlings should be emphasized during selection of salt tolerant genotypes of rice at seedling stage.
Anti-gout potential of selected Malaysian local fruits
Authors: Wan Aziz W N A , Abu Bakar M F , Abu Bakar F I , Dheyab A S , Sabran S F , Kormin F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the in vitro xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity and phytochemical content of guava, water rose apple, Malay gooseberry, pineapple and ambarella. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was measured spectrophotometrically at 295 nm. The phytochemical analysis tested were total phenolic, total flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents of each methanolic extract of the fruits. The highest amount of phenolic was found in ambarella (0.245 mg GAE/g) while guava had the highest amount of flavonoid (0.472 mg RE/g). Meanwhile, water rose apple had the highest anthocyanin content (5.001 mg c-3-ge/g). For the XO inhibitory activity, water rose apple displayed the lowest IC50 value (26.86 µg/mL), showing better anti-gout activity as compared to that of other fruit samples. Positive correlation between total phenolic content and XO inhibitory activity was also observed in this study. Further study on the isolation of bioactive compounds from the fruit samples that act as XO inhibitor is greatly needed in the future.
Physicochemical and sensory characteristic of treated sugarcane juice
Authors: Zaidan N L , Mohamad-Fuzi S F , Hailan I M , Roshidi A A , Kormin F , Abu-Bakar M F , Sabran S F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sugarcane juice contains high sugar content which can deteriorate rapidly after the juice extraction process. In large juice industry, the deterioration of sugarcane juice can be reduced by pasteurisation and sterilisation treatment process. However, preservation techniques impart undesirable effect on sugarcane juice in terms of taste, colour, appearance and acceptability of the consumer. Therefore, in this study, the effect of pasteurisation process and addition of Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) water extract (0.2% vol/vol) were investigated for its physicochemical (pH, total soluble solid, colour and turbidity), microbiological evaluation (total plate count) and sensory characteristic of sugarcane juice. The addition of S. platensis water extract in sugarcane juice lower the pH value of tested sample contributing to the increase in the stability of sugarcane juice. The other physicochemical tests (total soluble solid, colour and turbidity) have definite correlation with the changes of pH value but not-significant (p > 0.05) in term of addition of S. platensis water extract into sugarcane juice samples. The microbiological evaluation revealed that high number of colony presence in sugarcane juice after storage for about two weeks and their number were reduced until end of testing period which may result from the depletion of nutrient and inhibition of by-product of reactions that happen in sugarcane juice sample. In terms of sensory testing, the addition of S. platensis water extract in sugarcane juice scored best as compared to control sample even though it does not give significant value (p > 0.05) compared to control sample. In conclusion, the addition of S. platensis water extract for treated sugarcane juice is significant as it improves consumer acceptability. The water extract could also acts as colouring agent in sugarcane juice without affecting the physicochemical and sensory properties of sugarcane juice.
Analysis On Crystal Formation And Physio-Tribological Properties Of Lithium Based Grease Developed From Coconut Oil (Cocos Nucifera)
Authors: Joseph Babu K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The increase in demand for alternative base oil for lubricant has led to the study of non-depleting source like vegetable oils. Some studies have reported the development of grease from sunflower oil and castor oil, which establish the probability of use of vegetable oil as potential base oil. In the present study, an eco-friendly NLGI grade 3 grease was developed using coconut oil as base oil and lithium stearate as thickener. The inherent tribological properties of the coconut oil and grease were evaluated. Tests results of newly formulated grease procured from cone penetration, rolling stability, water wash out, grease leakage, friction and wear are compared to a commercial sample of same grade. Even though the newly formulated grease is found to be competent to the commercial sample, the crystal formation at low temperature has restricted its applications at lower temperatures. Crystal formation at low temperature is due to the agglomeration of saturated fatty acids commonly known as wax occurred due to the low cold flow characteristics of the oil (pour point of coconut oil 26.55°C). The tribological results show that the performance of the newly formulated grease is comparable to commercial greases and its application is restricted to moderate climatic conditions.
Nonisothermal Warm Deep Drawing Behavior of Automotive Grade Aluminum Alloy Sheets
Authors: Panicker Sudhy S , Kumar Panda Sushanta 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, thermomechanical FE modeling of nonisothermal warm deep drawing of automotive grade AA5754 and AA6082 aluminum alloy sheets were performed. The deformable blanks were modeled using temperature dependent Cowper-Symonds constitutive equation along with Barlat-89 yield criterion. The predicted cup heights, earing, % thinning and surface strain distributions were successfully validated within acceptable error of 5%. The development of earing profile, cup thinning pattern and surface strains along 0°, 45° and 90° from rolling direction (RD) were plotted using the validated data. The ear profile developed in AA5754 cups was prominent compared to AA6082 due to relatively higher anisotropy at elevated temperatures. Thickening was more prominent along 45° to RD for AA5754, whereas thinning was higher in this direction for AA6082 material. The strain states developed at cup corner along plane strain condition was lower than the FLD0 values of materials. Thus there was uniform surface strains at cup corner indicating the improved ability of material to withstand more deformations. Comparatively, AA5754 exhibited relatively better formability compared to AA6082 material.
Development of an Efficient Framework for the Distribution of Essential Relief Materials during Floods by Clustering Technique
Authors: Sudeesh S , Rameshkumar K , Anbuudayasankar S P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An efficient logistic network is extremely vital to distribute essential items quickly to the region wherever the natural calamities have occurred. This paper focuses on developing an efficient framework for the distribution of essential relief materials to the people in Kuttanad Taluk of Alappuzha District in Kerala, India during the monsoon season. The existing relief distribution network in the flood-affected region has been studied in detail and an improved distribution logistics has been suggested in this study. K-means clustering algorithm has been used to identify the location for the relief material distribution centres in the flood-affected region. The proposed approach reduces the efforts needed to coordinate the relief activities by optimally identifying no. of distribution centres and locations of distribution centres with an objective of reducing the total supply chain transportation distance for the supply of essential items during the flood. The proposed clustering approach reduces the traveling distance of the people during the flood to receive the relief material to an extent of 88%.
Performance analysis of single slope solar still integrated with refrigeration systems
Authors: Aneesh V , Vishnu S , Das Arun P , Ajith M S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The over misuse of existing new water supplies has become a major issue in numerous pieces of the world. Hence, recycling of water is necessary to meet the requirements of the growing population. Solar water purification is one of the viable technologies. This work is focused on the productivity enhancement of a single slope solar still by using two types of refrigeration system such as thermoelectric refrigeration system and vapour compression refrigeration system. In the modification of the existing solar still setup, the extra cooling was achieved by adding thermoelectric modules in the external condenser which is used for increasing the condensation area and thus the rate of evaporation. In the second set up, a vapour compression refrigeration system is coupled with the solar still in such a way that the evaporator coil of the refrigeration system is placed inside the external condenser for providing extra cooling effect and the condenser of the refrigeration system is placed in the basin of solar still for enhancing evaporation rate of the basin water. The results show that these modifications enhanced the performance and productivity of the solar still. The enhancement in the productivity of the passive solar still using thermoelectric refrigeration system was found to be 45.77% more and for solar still with external condenser integrated with vapor compression refrigeration system was found to be 167.7% more as compared with the solar still alone.
Aerodynamic Characteristics of Baseball and Tennis Ball using CFD Analysis
Authors: Keerthekesh Nadar S , Amrit T , Sanjay Srinivas S , Balaji K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The objective of the project is to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of baseballs and tennis balls using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods. Most realistic initial and boundary conditions are used to simulate each type of ball and to identify key design aspects that can be applied and modified to enhance the performance of the ball and hence improve the game. The basic conservation equations in fluid dynamics are applied to the domain of study to plot the results. For the inlet, different values of velocity based on the motion of the ball in the game were given. A moderate value of surface roughness was given to model the effects of change in the surface between the two balls and the delay in boundary layer separation subsequently affecting the distance travelled by the ball was seen. By observing the values of lift and drag coefficients we can validate computational results with experimental results obtained from reference journals, thus proving that computational simulation has a place in predicting the trajectory and behaviour of moving balls in real-time.
The integration of spin in the simulation also yielded results that showcased the Magnus effect, this visualization is generally not observable on experimental methods since it involves complex processes to simulate spin, hence the trajectory of balls under different shots and pitches has been observed. We further developed an idea that could also be used to determine the trajectory of a dual-axis spinning ball. This would help in building the performance of athletes in the game.
Fabrication and Characterisation of PP/TS Biocomposites
Authors: Sreenivasan S N , David Neethumol M , Maria Hanna J , Thomas Sabu , Haponiuk Józef T 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biocomposites are eco-friendly composite materials formed by the combination of any polymer matrix and the reinforcement of any natural fiber. This particular composite is gaining more attention in research field in order to reduce the utilization of inorganic fillers in the reinforcement of thermoplastics and biodegradable plastics. In this study, we used various amounts of turmeric spent (TS) viz, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% (w/w) for the fabrication of Polypropylene/TS composites. These various composition mixtures are blended and melt on a Haake mixer, then it is placed over a compression mould of 2mm thickness and forms composite films of different composition. The developed composites were characterized using different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurement and water absorption. SEM images clearly shows the presence of TS content in biocomposites. From contact angle measurement, it is clear that the 7% PP/TS composite shows better hydrophobic nature. From absorption measurement technique, the higher composition samples show better absorption capacity due to the presence of OH-group within the turmeric spent.