bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analog and Digital Mode α‐In2Se3 Memristive Devices for Neuromorphic and Memory Applications
Authors: Zhang Yishu , Wang Lin , Chen Hao , Ma Teng , Lu Xiufang , Loh Kian Ping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe emergence of 2D ferroelectrics offers a promising path to implement next‐generation information technology, including digital memory and analog computing. Here, it is demonstrated that digital or analog memory can be achieved in a single crossbar type two‐terminal (Au‐Ti) α‐In2Se3 device depending on the driving voltage. The analog operation is enabled by ferroelectric polarization‐modulated Schottky barrier, while resistive filament switching drives the digital operation. By tuning ferroelectric properties, multiple analog conductance states can be obtained for mimicking various synaptic behaviors like excitatory postsynaptic current, inhibitory postsynaptic current, potentiation/depression and spiking‐timing‐dependent plasticity. A simulated neural network built from these synaptic devices shows good on‐line learning accuracy (≈93.2%) for digital recognition of handwriting. Based on filament formation/rupture mechanism, α‐In2Se3 devices also exhibits excellent digital memory performance with large on/off ratio (>103), high on‐current density (105 A cm−2) and fast switching speed (≈10 ns). The combination of analog and digital memory modes in two‐terminal α‐In2Se3 devices is useful in highly dense and complex electronics.
When Diversity is Not Enough: An Intersectional Examination of How Juvenile Legal System Actors of Color Experience the System’s Welfare Mandate for Girls of Color
Authors: Singh Sukhmani , Nalani Andrew , Ibrahim Deanna A. , Adler Joshua G. , Javdani Shabnam , Godfrey Erin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSystem actors of color are considered a key intervention to reduce disparities in the juvenile legal system precisely because they share intersectional experiences of oppression similar to those experienced by system‐involved youth. In this study, we interrogate the assumption that diversifying the workforce can remedy intersectional disparities in youth outcomes. Grounded in intersectionality, we analyzed semi‐structured interviews with 17 (12 women, five men) actors of color—eight at the frontline, five at the mid‐level, and four at the top level. Specifically, we examined their narratives of lived oppressions, juxtaposed these narratives with their articulations of how well the system meets its welfare mandate, and examined actors’ sense of their ability to contribute to girls’ welfare, attending especially to how these experiences vary by their positions in the system’s hierarchy. Our findings suggest that actors of color indeed share experiences of oppression as system‐involved youth, particularly along axes of race and gender. Further, across all levels of institutional positionality, actors articulate a disjunction, revealing the system’s accountability to bureaucratic and funding structures rather than girls; they respond to this disjunction through resistant actions—with different degrees of effectiveness—anchored in accountability to girls, and by envisioning how, given their roles and relative power, the system can meet its social welfare mandate.
Clinical and molecular predictors of fibrotic progression in essential thrombocythemia: A multicenter study involving 1607 patients
Authors: Loscocco Giuseppe G. , Guglielmelli Paola , Gangat Naseema , Rossi Elena , Mannarelli Carmela , Betti Silvia , Maccari Chiara , Ramundo Francesco , Jadoon Yamna , Gesullo Francesca , Ceglie Sara , Paoli Chiara , Pardanani Animesh , De Stefano Valerio , Tefferi Ayalew , Vannucchi Alessandro M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe current retrospective study involving a total of 1607 patients was designed to identify clinical and molecular variables that were predictive of inferior myelofibrosis‐free survival (MFS) in WHO‐defined essential thrombocythemia (ET), utilizing three independent patient cohorts: University of Florence, Italy (n = 718); Mayo Clinic, USA (n = 479) and Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University, Rome, Italy (n = 410). The Florence patient cohort was first examined to identify independent risk factors for MFS, which included age > 60 years (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.3–4.9), male sex (2.1, 1.2–3.9), palpable splenomegaly (2.1, 1.2–3.9), CALR 1/1‐like or MPL mutation (3.4, 1.9–6.1) and JAK2V617F variant allele frequency > 35% (4.2, 1.6–10.8). Subsequently, an operational molecular risk category was developed and validated in the other two cohorts from Mayo Clinic and Rome: “high molecular risk” category included patients with JAK2V617F VAF >35%, CALR type 1/1‐like or MPL mutations; all other driver mutation profiles were assigned to “low molecular risk” category. The former, compared to the latter molecular risk category, displayed significantly higher risk of fibrotic transformation: Florence cohort with respective fibrotic transformation risk rates of 8% vs. 1.2% at 10 years and 33% vs. 8% at 20 years (p < 0.001; HR 6.1; 95% CI 3.2–11.7); Mayo Cohort, 16% vs. 7% at 10 years and 44% vs. 25% at 20 years (p < 0.001; HR 2.5; 95% CI 1.6–4.1); and Rome cohort 7.8% vs. 4.6% at 10 years and 31.2% vs. 7.1% at 20 years (p = 0.007, HR 2.7; 95% CI 1.3–5.8). The present study provides practically useful risk signals for fibrotic transformation in ET and facilitates identification of patients who require close monitoring and appropriate counseling.
Repeatability of adaptive traits among ethnic Tibetan highlanders
Authors: Beall Cynthia M. , Childs Geoff , Craig Sienna R. , Strohl Kingman P. , Quinn Elizabeth , Basnyat Buddha 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesConnecting traits to biological pathways and genes relies on stable observations. Researchers typically determine traits once, expecting careful study protocols to yield measurements free of noise. This report examines that expectation with test–retest repeatability analyses for traits used regularly in research on adaptation to high‐altitude hypoxia, often in settings without climate control.MethodsTwo hundred ninety‐one ethnic Tibetan women residing from 3500 to 4200 m in Upper Mustang District, Nepal, provided three observations of hemoglobin concentration, percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, and pulse by noninvasive pulse oximetry under conditions designed to minimize environmental noise.ResultsHigh‐intraclass correlation coefficients and low within‐subject coefficients of variation reflected consistent measurements. Percent of oxygen saturation had the highest intraclass correlation coefficient and the smallest within‐subject coefficient of variability; measurement noise occurred mainly in the lower values. Hemoglobin concentration and pulse presented slightly higher within‐subject coefficients of variation; measurement noise occurred across the range of values. The women had performed the same measurements 7 years earlier using the same devices and protocol. The sample means and SD observed across 7 years differed little. Hemoglobin concentration increased substantially after menopause.ConclusionsAnalyzing repeatability features of traits may improve our interpretation of statistical analyses and detection of variation from measurement or biology. The high levels of measurement repeatability and biological stability support the continued use of these robust traits for investigating human adaptation in this altitude range.
Selective Trifluoromethylthiolation of Unactivated C(sp3)−H Bonds Enabled by Excited Ketones
Authors: Zhang Han , Wang Qing , Wang Yanan , Yuan Zheliang , Gao Feng , Britton Robert 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHere we report that the selective trifluoromethylthiolation of unactivated C(sp3)−H bonds is enabled by photoexcited diaryl ketones. This method for C−H trifluoromethylthiolation features mild conditions and inexpensive organic photocatalysts and relies on 370 nm LED lights. The functional group tolerance is broad and the excellent regioselectivity for branched aliphatic positions enables trifluoromethylthiolation of a variety of substrates, including amino acid and natural product derivatives, demonstrating its potential synthetic application.
Circularly Polarized Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (C‐FRET) for Efficient Chirality Transmission within an Intermolecular System
Authors: Wu Yue , Yan Chenxu , Li Xin‐Shun , You Li Hong , Yu Zhen‐Qiang , Wu Xiaofeng , Zheng Zhigang , Liu Guofeng , Guo Zhiqian , Tian He , Zhu Wei‐Hong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe occurrence and transmission of chirality is a fascinating characteristic of nature. However, the intermolecular transmission efficiency of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) remains challenging due to poor through‐space energy transfer. We report a unique CPL transmission from inducing the achiral acceptor to emit CPL within a specific liquid crystal (LC)‐based intermolecular system through a circularly polarized fluorescence resonance energy transfer (C‐FRET), wherein the luminescent cholesteric LC is employed as the chirality donor, and rationally designed achiral long‐wavelength aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) fluorophore acts as the well‐assembled acceptor. In contrast to photon‐release‐and‐absorption, the chirality transmission channel ofC‐FRET is highly dependent upon the energy resonance in the highly intrinsic chiral assembly of cholesteric LC, as verified by deliberately separating the achiral acceptor from the chiral donor to keep it far beyond the resonance distance. ThisC‐FRET mode provides a de novo strategy concept for high‐level information processing for applications such as high‐density data storage, combinatorial logic calculation, and multilevel data encryption and decryption.
Synthese eines Kupfer(I)‐Komplexes mit zwei ungepaarten Elektronen durch Oxidation eines Kupfer(II)‐Komplexes mit zwei redoxaktiven Liganden
Authors: Werr Marco , Kaifer Elisabeth , Enders Markus , Asyuda Andika , Zharnikov Michael , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: August 2021

AbstractZwei homoleptische Kupfer(II)‐Komplexe [Cu(L1)2] und [Cu(L2)2] mit anionischen redoxaktiven Liganden wurden synthetisiert, einer mit dem Harnstoffazin‐Ligand (L1) und der andere mit Thioharnstoffazin‐Ligand (L2). Die Einelektronen‐Oxidation der Komplexe löst einen seltenen redox‐induzierten Elektronentransferprozess aus, welcher zu den monokationischen Kupfer(I)‐Komplexen [Cu(L1)2]+ und [Cu(L2)2]+ mit zwei oxidierten Liganden führt. Während [Cu(L1)2]+ am besten als CuI‐Komplex mit zwei neutralen, radikalischen und antiferromagnetisch gekoppelten Liganden beschrieben werden sollte, ist [Cu(L2)2]+ ein CuI‐Komplex mit zwei deutlich unterschiedlichen Ligandeneinheiten im festen Zustand und mit einer magnetischen Suszeptibilität nahe einer diamagnetischen Verbindung. Eine weitere Einelektronen‐Oxidation des Komplexes mit L1‐Liganden führt zu einem Dikation [Cu(L1)2]2+, das sich am besten als CuI‐Komplex mit einem zweifach oxidierten, monokationischen Liganden und einem neutralen radikalischen Liganden beschreiben lässt. Die Stabilität in mindestens drei Redoxzuständen, die Akkumulation der Spindichte auf den Liganden und der ungehinderte Ligand‐Metall‐Elektronentransfer machen diese Komplexe für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen äußerst attraktiv; hier testen wir die katalytische aerobe Oxidation von Alkoholen zu Aldehyden.
Incidence of Psoriatic Arthritis Among Patients Receiving Biologic Treatments for Psoriasis: A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Rosenthal Yael Shalev , Schwartz Naama , Sagy Iftach , Pavlovsky Lev 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of biologic treatments for psoriasis on the incidence of psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted using electronic medical records from a large health maintenance organization. Patients who received biologic treatment for psoriasis and were not diagnosed as having PsA before or at the time of biologic treatment initiation were included. Control psoriasis patients who did not receive biologic treatment were matched by age at time of diagnosis, sex, time from psoriasis diagnosis until treatment initiation, maximum body mass index, and smoking status. The groups were different in most characteristics. Therefore, propensity score matching was implemented. Log rank test and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression were used to compare the groups.ResultsOverall, 1,326 patients were included, of whom 663 had received biologic treatment and 663 had not. The Kaplan‐Meier curve for the propensity score–matched groups reflected a statistically significant increased risk for PsA among the control group compared to the biologic treatment group. The results of the multivariable Cox regression showed that the control group had a significantly higher risk for PsA compared to the biologic treatment group within 10 years of follow‐up (adjusted hazard ratio 1.39 [95% confidence interval 1.03–1.87]).ConclusionOur findings show a statistically and clinically significant decreased risk for developing PsA among patients with psoriasis who receive biologic treatments. The results suggest that biologic medications should be considered for patients who present with significant risk factors for PsA at an earlier stage of treatment.
Defining knowledge workers' creation, description, and storage practices as impact on enterprise content management strategy
Authors: Mathieu Camille 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs part of the effort to digitally transform, organizations are seeking more and better solutions to long‐standing enterprise content management challenges. Such solutions rarely investigate the relationship between knowledge workers' daily work to capture information and the perceived or actual value of that information to the enterprise per established content management strategy. The study described in this paper seeks to identify gaps in content management practices versus policy by modeling the conventions by which one organization's knowledge workers typically generate, store, and later recover their daily work products. Thirty‐five interviews with knowledge workers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory were conducted on this subject. The results of these interviews provide an insight as to how knowledge workers interact with enterprise content in their dual roles as both the primary creators and primary consumers of enterprise content. This paper, which outlines various permutations of the digital object creation, description, and storage (CDS) model, provides basic strategies for bringing the value perceptions of knowledge workers into alignment with institutional directives related to improving content findability and reuse in the enterprise.
An amygdala‐centered hyper‐connectivity signature of threatening face processing predicts anxiety in youths with autism spectrum conditions
Authors: Chen Yu‐Chun , Chen Chenyi , Martínez Róger Marcelo , Fan Yang‐Tang , Liu Chia‐Chien , Chen Chin‐Yau , Cheng Yawei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAnxiety is exceedingly prevalent among individuals with an autism spectrum condition (ASC). While recent literature postulates anxiety as a mechanism encompassing an underlying amygdala‐related elevated baseline level of arousal even to nonthreatening cues, whether this same mechanism contributes to anxiety in those with an ASC and supports the transdiagnostic nature of anxiety remains elusive. In this case–control study of 51 youths (26 ASC), we assessed autism and anxiety via the Autism‐Spectrum Quotient and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively. Hemodynamic responses, including amygdala reactivity, to explicit and implicit (backwardly masked) perception of threatening faces were acquired using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). For explicit fear, ASC individuals showed significantly greater negative correlations between the amygdala and the attentional deployment‐parietal network. For implicit fear, ASC individuals showed significantly stronger correlations of the amygdala with the prefrontal networks, temporal pole, and hippocampus. Additionally, an fMRI‐based neurologic signature for anxiety in ASCs was identified via the LibSVM machine learning model using amygdala‐centered functional connectivity during the emotional processing of explicit and implicit stimuli. Hypervigilance to implicit threat in ASCs comorbid with anxiety might exacerbate explicit threat reactivity; hence the use of attentional avoidance patterns to restrict affective hyperarousal for explicitly perceived socioemotional stimuli. Consequently, developing an attention‐independent behavioral/neural marker identifying anxiety in ASCs is highly warranted.Lay SummaryThis study identifies a dissociation of amygdala reactivity dependent on explicit and implicit threat processing. Implicit anxiety in individuals with an autism spectrum condition (ASC) could outweigh explicitly induced threat. When explicitly perceiving socioemotional stimuli, ASC individuals with anxiety might use attentional avoidance patterns to restrict affective hyperarousal.
In‐cytoplasm mitochondrial transplantation for mesenchymal stem cells engineering and tissue regeneration
Authors: Yao Xudong , Ma Yuanzhu , Zhou Wenyan , Liao Youguo , Jiang Zongsheng , Lin Junxin , He Qiulin , Wu Hongwei , Wei Wei , Wang Xiaozhao , Björklund Mikael , Ouyang Hongwei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStem cell therapies are unsatisfactory due to poor cell survival and engraftment. Stem cell used for therapy must be properly “tuned” for a harsh in vivo environment. Herein, we report that transfer of exogenous mitochondria (mito) to adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) can effectively boost their energy levels, enabling efficient cell engraftment. Importantly, the entire process of exogeneous mitochondrial endocytosis is captured by high‐content live‐cell imaging. Mitochondrial transfer leads to acutely enhanced bioenergetics, with nearly 17% of higher adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) levels in ADSCs treated with high mitochondrial dosage and further results in altered secretome profiles of ADSCs. Mitochondrial transfer also induced the expression of 334 mRNAs in ADSCs, which are mainly linked to signaling pathways associated with DNA replication and cell division. We hypothesize that increase in ATP and cyclin‐dependent kinase 1 and 2 expression might be responsible for promoting enhanced proliferation, migration, and differentiation of ADSCs in vitro. More importantly, mito‐transferred ADSCs display prolonged cell survival, engraftment and horizontal transfer of exogenous mitochondria to surrounding cells in a full‐thickness skin defect rat model with improved skin repair compared with nontreated ADSCs. These results demonstrate that intracellular mitochondrial transplantation is a promising strategy to engineer stem cells for tissue regeneration.
Di‐tert‐butyldiphosphatetrahedrane as a Source of 1,2‐Diphosphacyclobutadiene Ligands
Authors: Hierlmeier Gabriele , Coburger Peter , Scott Daniel J. , Maier Thomas M. , Pelties Stefan , Wolf Robert , Pividori Daniel M. , Meyer Karsten , van Leest Nicolaas P. , de Bruin Bas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractReactions of di‐tert‐butyldiphosphatetrahedrane (1) with cycloocta‐1,5‐diene‐ or anthracene‐stabilised metalate anions of iron and cobalt consistently afford complexes of the rarely encountered 1,2‐diphosphacyclobutadiene ligand, which have previously been very challenging synthetic targets. The subsequent reactivity of 1,2‐diphosphacyclobutadiene cobaltates toward various electrophiles has also been investigated and is compared to reactions of related 1,3‐diphosphacyclobutadiene complexes. The results highlight the distinct reactivity of such isomeric species, showing that the 1,2‐isomers can act as precursors for previously unknown triphospholium ligands. The electronic structures of the new complexes were investigated by several methods, including NMR, EPR and Mößbauer spectroscopies as well as quantum chemical calculations.
Near‐Infrared Spectrum of the First Excited State of Au2+
Authors: Förstel Marko , Pollow Kai , Studemund Taarna , Dopfer Otto 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAu2+ is a simple but crucial model system for understanding the diverse catalytic activity of gold. While the Au2+ ground state (X2Σg+) is understood reasonably well from mass spectrometry and computations, no spectroscopic information is available for its first excited state (A2Σu+). Herein, we present the vibrationally resolved electronic spectrum of this state for cold Ar‐tagged Au2+ cations. This exceptionally low‐lying and well isolated A2Σ(u)+←X2Σ(g)+ transition occurs in the near‐infrared range. The observed band origin (5738 cm−1, 1742.9 nm, 0.711 eV) and harmonic Au−Au and Au−Ar stretch frequencies (201 and 133 cm−1) agree surprisingly well with those predicted by standard time‐dependent density functional theory calculations. The linearly bonded Ar tag has little impact on either the geometric or electronic structure of Au2+, because the Au2+⋅⋅⋅Ar bond (∼0.4 eV) is much weaker than the Au−Au bond (∼2 eV). As a result of 6 s←5d excitation of an electron from the antibonding σu* orbital (HOMO‐1) into the bonding σg orbital (SOMO), the Au−Au bond contracts substantially (by 0.1 Å).
Event attribution of Parnaíba River floods in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Rudorff Conrado , Sparrow Sarah , Guedes Marcia R. G. , Tett Simon. F. B. , Brêda João Paulo L. F. , Cunningham Christopher , Ribeiro Flávia N. D. , Palharini Rayana S. A. , Lott Fraser C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe climate modeling techniques of event attribution enable systematic assessments of the extent that anthropogenic climate change may be altering the probability or magnitude of extreme events. In the consecutive years of 2018, 2019, and 2020, rainfalls caused repeated flooding impacts in the lower Parnaíba River in Northeastern Brazil. We studied the effect that alterations in precipitation resulting from human influences on the climate had on the likelihood of flooding using two ensembles of the HadGEM3‐GA6 atmospheric model: one driven by both natural and anthropogenic forcings; and the other driven only by natural atmospheric forcings, with anthropogenic changes removed from sea surface temperatures and sea ice patterns. We performed hydrological modeling to base our assessments on the peak annual streamflow. The change in the likelihood of flooding was expressed in terms of the ratio between probabilities of threshold exceedance estimated for each model ensemble. With uncertainty estimates at the 90% confidence level, the median (5% 95%) probability ratio at the threshold for flooding impacts in the historical period (1982–2013) was 1.12 (0.97 1.26), pointing to a marginal contribution of anthropogenic emissions by about 12%. For the 2018, 2019, and 2020 events, the median (5% 95%) probability ratios at the threshold for flooding impacts were higher at 1.25 (1.07 1.46), 1.27 (1.12 1.445), and 1.37 (1.19 1.59), respectively; indicating that precipitation change driven by anthropogenic emissions has contributed to the increase of likelihood of these events by about 30%. However, there are other intricate hydrometeorological and anthropogenic processes undergoing long‐term changes that affect the flood hazard in the lower Parnaíba River. Trend and flood frequency analyses performed on observations showed a nonsignificant long‐term reduction of annual peak flow, likely due to decreasing precipitation from natural climate variability and increasing evapotranspiration and flow regulation.