bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scleral Reinforcement in Rabbits Using Synthetic Graft Materials
Authors: Whitmore Wayne G , Harrison Winston , Curtin Brian J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Because of disappointing results using homologous collagen for scleral reinforcement in the treatment of pathologic myopia in humans, we undertook a series of experiments in rabbits to test the mechanical properties and long-term biocompatibility of three different synthetic graft materials. Grafts made from two of these materials, Gore-Te*- Soft Tissue Patch (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) and Mirage!'* (polylmethyl acrylate-co-hydroxy-ethyl acrylate]), were easy to position about the globe. Both materials, however, were resistant to invasion by fibrovascular tissue. The third material, woven Dacron1*' polyethylene terephthalate), though more difficult to position, permitted extensive invasion of fibrovascular tissue, which made all parts of the graft firmly adherent to the globe. Our results indicate the long-term compatibility of all three of these materials when used as periscleral grafts in rabbits. However, our results also suggest that a woven material such as commercially available Dacron is a more suitable graft material for scleral reinforcement in humans than collagen, Miragel, or Gore-Tex.
Transscleral Neodymium:YAG Laser Cyclocoagulation for Uncontrolled Glaucoma
Authors: Kalenak Jeffrey W , Parkinson John M , Kass Michael A , Kolker Allan E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
To determine the efficacy and safety of the procedure, we reviewed the records of 25 eyes of 25 patients who had received noncontact transscleral Nd: YAG laser cyclocoagulation for a variety of uncontrolled glaucomas. Thirteen to 35 pulses (mean, 22.7 pulses) had been placed 1 mm to 2 mm behind the limbus with an energy per pulse of 3.4 J to 8.2 J (mean 4.5 J). Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 23 months, with the exception of one eye, which had to be enucleated. Nine of the 25 eyes (36%) required one or two repeat treatments. Twelve (48%) had intraocular pressures at last follow-up of less than 21 mm Hg but greater than 4 mm Hg. Ten eyes (40%) developed moderate to severe pain transiently, and 10 (40%) developed substantial, but transient, inflammation. Transscleral Nd: YAG laser cyclocoagulation appears to be relatively effective and well tolerated.
Trabeculectomy for Glaucoma Associated With Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Authors: Ali Moones A , Fahmy Iman A , Spaeth George L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We reviewed the results of trabeculectomy performed in six patients (seven eyes) with glaucoma associated with the Sturge-Weber syndrome. After follow-up periods ranging from 9 months to 9 years, intraocular pressure control was adequate in two eyes without the use of antiglaucoma medication; control was good in four eyes with mild medication. One eye required three trabeculectomies and postoperative medication to achieve control. There was no further deterioration of visual acuity or of the optic nerve in any of the eyes.
Pupillary Block Glaucoma Following Pediatric Cataract Extraction
Authors: Eustis H Sprague , Walton R Christopher , Ball Stuart F 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a case of pupillary block glaucoma that developed after cataract extraction in a pediatric patient. To prevent pupillary block and secondary glaucoma after cataract surgery we recommend that all pediatric cataract patients be given a prophylactic peripheral iridectomy.
Surgical Management of Congenital Upper-Eyelid Eversion
Authors: Loeffler Michael , Hornblass Albert 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a case of congenital eversion of the upper eyelids in which early surgery was performed to prevent occlusion amblyopia. The surgery, described here for the first time for this condition, consisted of using multiple suture placements to anatomically reposition the eyelids.
Prospective Topographic Analysis in Peripheral Arcuate Keratotomy for Astigmatism
Authors: McCluskey DruAnn J , Villaseñor Richard , McDonnell Peter J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Delimited peripheral arcuate keratotomy was performed on five eyes of four patients with naturallyoccurring astigmatism. Refraction, keratometry, and computer-assisted corneal topographic analysis were performed before and after the procedure. In some eyes, preoperative topographic analysis revealed steepening distributed symmetrically about the corneal apex; in three eyes the steepening was asymmetrically distributed about the corneal apex. In one eye, surgery in a single, steep hemi-meridian superior to the corneal apex flattened that steep hemimeridian but did not appear to after the topography of the inferior steep hemi-meridian. Refractive and keratometric astigmatism decreased in all eyes (mean reductions of 3.2S and 2.30 diopters, respectively), and all incisions healed without incident. Surgery extended beyond the zone of steepening in one eye, shifting the axis of astigmatism. A large, murticenter, randomized trial will be necessary to determine whether detailed preoperative topographic analysis can be used to improve the results of surgery for astigmatism.
The Effect of External Ocular Compression on Intraocular Pressure Following Retrobulbar Anesthesia
Authors: Palay David A , Stulting R Doyle 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Thirty consecutive patients scheduled for cataract surgery were randomized to external compression with the Honan intraocular pressure (IOP) reducer or digital pressure. The average increase in IOP after retrobulbar injection of 4 ml of anesthetic was 6.20 mm Hg. This increase was followed by a rapid decline in IOP within the first 2 1/2 minutes, averaging 1.20 mm Hg ± 0.70 below baseline level for the Honan group and 1 .00 mm Hg ± 0.96 below baseline level for the digital group. From 5 to 10 minutes after injection there was a more gradual decline in IOP that averaged 0.35 mm Hg/min in the Honan group and 0.36 mm Hg/min in the digital group. After 10 minutes of external compression the IOP was 5.73 mm Hg ± 0.96 below baseline level in the Honan group and 4.67 mm Hg ± 0.64 below baseline level in the digital group. No statistical difference between the IOP measurements of the two groups was observed at 2 1/2 minutes at 5 minutes, or at 10 minutes.
Overnight Admission of Outpatient Strabismus Patients
Authors: Isenberg Sherwin J , Apt Leonard , Yamada Sue 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The trend to outpatient strabismus surgery prompted us to determine the frequency of, and the reasons for, postoperative overnight hospital admission following such surgery. In one year, 303 outpatient strabotomies were performed at the Jules Stein Eye Institute on patients over 15 months old. Twenty-four (7.9%) were admitted overnight postoperatively. Compared with controls, those admitted were older (37 vs 20.5 years), and had a longer duration of anesthesia (145 vs 116 minutes) and surgery (104 vs 75 minutes) (P<.01 for each). The time that surgery commenced and the use of perioperative medications were not significant factors. The most frequent reasons for overnight admission were nausea (38%) despite prophylaxis and the use of bilateral patches (16%). To minimize postoperative admissions, better strategies should be developed to decrease the frequency of significant postoperative nausea, the duration of surgery and anesthesia, and, if possible, the use of bilateral patches.
Vitreous Changes and Macular Edema in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Kado Masanori , Jalkh Alex E , Yoshida Akitoshi , Takahashi Masataka , Wazen Nada , Trempe Clement L , Schepens Charles L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The condition of the posterior vitreous was determined in 56 eyes with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Using a life-table analysis, it was studied in 56 eyes. The incidence off posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in the CRVO eyes at the first vitreous examination did not differ significantly from that in 64 age-matched control eyes. However, the incidence of PVD in CRVO eyes increased from 39.3% at the first vitreous examination to 58.5% after 6 months, and to 69.6% 1 year from the examination. The incidence of PVD in CRVO eyes during follow-up was statistically higher than that of the controls (P = .009). The incidence of PVD after the first vitreous examination was significantly higher in eyes with hemorrhagic retinopathy than in eyes with venous stasis retinopathy (P = .04). In the 34 eyes with macular edema, the edema lasted significantly longer in those with vitreomacular attachment (VMA) at the first examination than in those without VMA at this time (P = .02). VMA may play an important role in the pathogenesis and chronicity off macular edema in CRVO.
Experience With Photocoagulation in Behçet's Disease
Authors: Atmaca Leyla S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Between 1973 and 1987 we examined both eyes of 300 patients with the uveoretinrtis-type lesions characteristic of Behcet's disease. Of the 556 eyes whose fundus could be examined, 38 eyes (6.8%) in 33 patients (11%) had developed retinal capillary nonparfusion, branch retinal vein occlusion, or retinal or disc neovascularization. These eyes were treated by photocoagulation, primarily to forestall vitreous hemorrhage and the development of neo vascular glaucoma, as well as to decrease the macular edema resulting from vein occlusion. The treatment, which was well tolerated, was successful in closing retinal capillary nonperfusion areas and eliminating retinal neovascularization. Disc neovascularization was resolved completely in some cases, and partially in others.
Glaucoma Secondary to Epithelial Downgrowth and 5-Fluorouracil
Authors: Loane Mark E , Weinreb Robert N 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Since epithelial downgrowth involves an actively proliferating intraocular tissue, it is possible that the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil may inhibit it. We report a case of secondary glaucoma caused by epithelial downgrowth in which filtration surgery was performed with adjunctive use of subconjunctival 5fluorouracil. On cessation of the injections, the retrocorneal membrane grew rapidly to involve the entire posterior cornea. The eye eventually became blind and painful and was enucleated. The use of 5ffuorouracif given in the usual manner appears to have been a failure.
Posterior Horizontal and Vertical Tightening to Treat Combined Punctal Ectropion With Medial Canthal Tendon Laxity
Authors: Hurwitz Jeffrey J , Tucker Susan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The classical operations to treat either medial canthal tendon laxity or punctal aversion occurring alone possess drawbacks if they are used to treat these conditions when they occur simultaneously. A simplified procedure is described whereby tissue is removed via a posterior eyelid approach so that the eyelid may be tightened both horizontally and vertically, thus inverting the punctum and fixating it in the lacrimal lake. This procedure is quite easy to perform and can be done under local anesthesia in the office.
Learning Curve for Radial Keratotomy
Authors: Campion Michael 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
I prospectively evaluated my own learning curve for radial keratotomy (RK) by comparing the results achieved in two groups: 20 consecutive eyes on which I performed RK without having had previous experience with the procedure (group 1); and 20 other eyes, matched for age, sex, and preoperative refractive error, on which I performed RK after I had performed the procedure 250 times (group 2). Although there were nine microperforations in group 1 and none in group 2, the postoperative refractions and uncorrected visual acuities were similar in both groups. Since the microperforations had no adverse effect on the visual results, it is reasonable to conclude that there was, in effect, no learning curve involved in my experience with RK.
Lower Eyelid Retraction: A Minimal Incision Surgical Approach to Retractor Lysis
Authors: Holds John B , Anderson Richard L , Thiese Steven M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Lower eyelid retraction associated with prior blepharoplasty, trauma, or other conditions is a challenging problem for the ophthalmic surgeon. We describe a procedure involving tightening the lower eyelid and supraplacing the lateral canthus in combination with in-glove lysis of the lower eyelid retractors and scar tissue. This is accomplished through a small lateral incision. To date, we have treated over 200 eyelids using this technique with excellent results. We recommend this technique for the treatment of mild to moderate degrees of lower eyelid retraction.
The Bovine Eye as a Model for the Novice Cataract Surgeon
Authors: Coroneo M T 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A simple method for preparing the bovine eye as an in vitro model for training cataract surgeons is described and illustrated. This model allows basic skills to be gained in a graded fashion, using readily available materials. Also, more advanced surgical techniques can be refined by using this model. Manipulation of the model enables mimicking of real-life surgical challenges. Use of bovine eyes may represent, in bioethical terms, efficient use of available biological materials.
Techniques for the Preservation of Enucleated Animal Eyes in Surgical Training
Authors: Muñoz-Rodriguez Pablo , Peña-Cuesta Roberto , Garcia-Cosio Jesus F , Quiroz-Mercado Hugo 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The main problem with using enucleated animal eyes in surgical training is that they remain fresh for such a short time. We describe a simple technique to preserve them by replacing the aqueous humor and part of the vitreous with another substance. We used 18 eyes of nine dogs (nine for the study and nine as controls), and three substances (2% methylcellulose, silicone oil, and gelatin). The methylcellulose group had the best results (including long-lasting mydriasis), preserving the eyes in which it was used in optimal surgical condition for up to 8 days, twice as long as the eyes in the control group (P < .005).
Cyclocryotherapy in Selected Cases of Congenital Glaucoma
Authors: Al Faran Mubarak F , Tomey Karim F , Al Mutlaq Fatma A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We investigated the efficacy of cyclocryotherapy, a procedure which destroys the ciliary epithelium, thereby decreasing the production of aqueous humor, by retrospectively studying 109 eyes with advanced primary congenital glaucoma that had undergone the procedure. The eyes were divided into two groups: group I comprised 75 eyes (69%) that had undergone conventional surgical procedures for congenital glaucoma prior to cyclocryotherapy; group II, 34 eyes (31%) that had not undergone any such previous procedures. All eyes were followed for at least 12 months after the last cyclocryotherapy. With "success" defined as "having an IOP 5= 8 mmHg, ss 19 mmHg with or without medication," the success rate in all eyes was 30%, with no significant difference between the success rates in groups I and Il (P > .05). Chronic hypotony (IOP < 8 mmHg) was found in seven eyes (6%). Six eyes (6%) developed cataract during the course of treatment with cyclocryotherapy. Cyclocryotherapy appears to be a reasonable addition to the treatment of eyes with advanced, uncontrolled, primary congenital glaucoma.
Pressure-Curve Variations After Trabeculectomy for Chronic Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Saiz Angel , Alcuaz Alejandro , Maquet Jose A , de la Fuente Francisco 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report the results of a 5-year study of the influence of trabeculectomy on the maximum intraocular pressure (IOP) and the amplitude of its diurnal oscillation in 26 eyes (14 patients) with open-angle glaucoma. Pressure-curves were recorded before surgery and at 1 year and 5 years after surgery. The latter two pressure-curves demonstrated that trabeculectomy significantly reduced both the maximum IOP and the amplitude of the oscillations below preoperative values.
Aminocaproic Acid Prophylaxis in Traumatic Hyphema
Authors: Wilson Thomas W , Jeffers John B , Nelson Leonard B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Oral aminocaproic acid has been shown to be effective in clot stabilization and in the reduction of secondary bleeding rates in cases of traumatic hyphema. In a retrospective study of 105 patients treated during a 1-year period, we found the incidence of rebleeding in patients with traumatic hyphema who received aminocaproic acid prophylaxis was 2%; the incidence in those who did not was 25%.
Adjunctive Use of Transconjunctival Mitomycin-C in Ab Externo Diode Laser Sclerostomy Surgery in Rabbits
Authors: Karp Carol L , Higginbotham Eve J , Griffin Eric O 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study evaluates the role of transconjunctival mitomycin-C (MMC) in laser sclerostomy surgery. Sixteen albino rabbits underwent ab externo diode laser sclerostomy surgery in one eye (with the fellow eye as a control), with a single, intraoperative, 7-minute transconjunctival application of MMC (MMC group). Ten rabbits had the same sclerostomy surgery without MMC (NOMMC group). Successful filtration, defined as a difference in intraocular pressure less than 4 mm Hg between the operative and control eyes, lasted significantly longer in the MMC group (16.4 ± 11.0 days) than in the NOMMC group (8.5 ± 4.5 days) (P = .02). These data suggest that transconjunctival MMC can enhance the success of diode laser sclerostomy surgery in rabbits.
Subconjunctival THC:YAG Laser Sclerostomy Under a Partial-Thickness Corneal Flap
Authors: Fliegler Robert J , Mastrobattista John , Luntz Maurice H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of THC:YAG laser sclerostomy in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP), we performed 16 subconjunctival sclerostomies under a partial-thickness corneal flap. We report the 3- and 6-month follow-up results in these patients, all of whom had intractable glaucoma resistant to previous surgical treatment. The mean IOP decreased from a pretreatment value of 30 mm Hg to a posttreatment value of 14 mm Hg at 3 months. Fifty-seven percent of the treated eyes achieved an IOP below 20 mm Hg at 6 months. A significant reduction in glaucoma medications is also reported among the successes. Complications were minimal.
Evaluation and Implantation of a Teledioptric Lens System for Cataract and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Koziol Jeffrey E , Peyman Gholam A , Cionni Robert , Chou Jim-Son , Portney Valdemar , Sun Rong , Trentacost Debbie 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The teledioptric lens implant, with a high-minus central zone, was evaluated on an optical bench and implanted in the eyes of 50 patients with both cataract and age-related macular degeneration. In vitro testing demonstrated slightly reduced contrast and modulation-transfer-function as compared with a standard intraocular lens. The lens implant functions ideally with a 1. 9-millimeter diameter on the highminus portion. Lens implantation was proven safe in the clinical study. When used with spectacles as a part of a teledioptric system, the resulting visual field was 2.6 times larger than that achieved with an external telescope. Postoperative visual acuity initially improved in more than 65% of patients. After 1 year, due to disease progression, only 20% had improved acuity.
Microbiologic Evaluation of a Hydrogen Peroxide Sterilization System
Authors: Wilkins David L , Chung Paul Y , Tsuchiya Pam Y , Wessels Izak F , Zuccarelli Anthony J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The reliability of chemical sterilizers (acetone and/or 30-percent hydrogen peroxide at 25° C and at 60° C) was tested against Bacillus subtilis inoculated onto glass slides, commercial biological indicator discs (Bacillus stearothermophilus and B. subtilis], and B. subtilis spore survival. Acetone alone was not sporicidal. Hydrogen-peroxide-sterilized glass slides were sterile after 5 minutes. The indicator discs required 25 minutes at 25" C, and less than 3 minutes at 60° C (P < .0001). The D value of B. subtilis in 27-percent hydrogen peroxide at 25° C is 2 minutes, with z values of 22° C and 26° C at 25° C and 40° C, respectively. For delicate instruments, a 30-percent peroxide solution followed by an acetone rinse provides an effective alternative to classic heat sterilization.
Subretinal Hemorrhage Removal With Multiple Retinotomy Sites in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Milisap C Mark , Peyman Gholam A , Greve Mark D J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a case of subretinal hemorrhage associated with age-related macular degeneration, in which tissue plasminogen activating factor was used to help remove the subretinal blood. The surgical technique involved using multiple small retinotomy sites and alternating suction and backflushing to produce fluid flow from the subretinal space to the vitreous cavity.
Comparison of the Prevalence of Posterior Vitreous Detachment in Whites and Japanese
Authors: Hikichi Taiichi , Hirokawa Hiroyuki , Kado Masanori , Akiba Jun , Kakehashi Akihiro , Voshida Akitoshi , Trempe Clement L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The vitreous condition of healthy white (n = 551) and Japanese (n = 528) eyes were reviewed and compared with respect to the prevalence of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in the two groups. No white or Japanese patient 39 years of age or younger had PVD; the prevalence among those older than 39 increased with age in the fifth through the ninth decades, ie, respectively, to 4%, 24%, 37%, 59%, and 87% in the whites, and to 5%, 21%, 43%, 72%, and 82% in the Japanese. In none of these decades was there any significant difference between the prevalence of complete or partial PVD in the whites and the Japanese. This finding is significant because the vitreoretinal relationship influences the development and prognoses of the various vitreoretinal disorders.
Tenon's Cyst Formation After Trabeculectomy With Mitomycin C
Authors: Campagna John A , Munden Paul M , Alward Wallace L M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
One hundred eyes of 100 patients in whom Tenon's cysts (TCs) developed in the early postoperative period following trabeculectomy with mitomycin C were retrospectively studied to determine their incidence, possible risk factors associated with their development, and the clinical course of the patients in whom they occurred. The incidence of TC formation was 29/100 (29%). Significantly more cysts developed in the men than in the women. There were no significant differences between those patients in whom TCs developed and those in whom they did not in terms of age, race, type of preoperative medications, mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), prior argon laser trabeculoplasty, prior trabeculectomy, prior Tenon's cyst formation, or prior cataract surgery.
The 29 patients in whom a Tenon's cyst developed had a mean follow up of 22.0 ± 12.9 weeks, with a mean IOP at the last examination of 14.2 ± 6.3 mm Hg (as compared with 20.7 ± 8.3 mm Hg at the time of diagnosis). One patient required a repeat trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. Two patients required bleb needling, subsequent TC excision, and eventual seton placement. Of the remaining 26, 14 (54%) required no glaucoma medication for IOP control, 11 (42%) required one, and 1 (4%) required two.