bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Generalized Stochastic Framework for Analyzing Rock Slopes Stability and Designing Reliable Remedial Measures with Limited Investigation Data: Theory and Field Implementation
Authors: Kumar Akshay , Tiwari Gaurav 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Availability of limited data for rock properties is a very frequently encountered issue for the rock slopes along Himalayan highways due to problems like high costs, manual efforts, geological complexities, difficult terrain etc. involved in rock testing and investigation. Under these conditions, support estimation for rock slides mitigation using traditional deterministic and reliability approaches becomes highly questionable due to inaccuracy in the estimated statistical parameters of rock properties. To resolve this issue, this article proposes a computationally efficient methodology which utilizes Advanced Re-Sampling Reliability Approach (ARRA) along with deterministic approach and Target Reliability Approach (TRA) to estimate required support for rock slides mitigation when limited field and laboratory investigation data is available, with acceptable accuracy and confidence. Proposed methodology was used to design the support measures to mitigate two massive rock slides along a rock-slide prone highway i.e. Rishikesh-Badrinath National Highway (NH-58) in India. It was observed from the analysis that availability of limited test data induces high uncertainty in the statistical parameters (mean and standard deviation) and probability distribution of rock properties. Support estimation carried out using traditional deterministic and reliability approaches with this inaccurate probabilistic characterization of rock properties, can lead to inaccurate support estimates for potential rock slides in the presence of limited data; however these methods when coupled with ARRA can lead to significant improvement in computational efficiency and the designer’s confidence for the estimated support.
Primary Low Grade-Extrauterine Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma: Analysis of 10 Cases
Authors: Wu You , Li Nan , Zhang Rong , Bai Ping 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

This study aimed to analyze the clinical and pathological features of extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma (EESS) and explore an effective therapeutic regimen to reduce the recurrence rate in low-grade EESS patients.
Methods

Ten LG-EESS patients who were treated at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Cancer Institute and Hospital from June 1999 to June 2019 were collected and analyzed.
Results

(1) Patient demographics is summarized in Table 1. Preoperative CA125 examination showed that 8 patients had a median level of 49.5 U/L (15.4–168.0 U/L). (2)All ten patients underwent tumor cytoreductive surgery. Five patients underwent optimal tumor resection, achieved a R0 resection. After the initial surgery ,two patients were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy only, two patients were treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and three patients were treated with chemotherapy plus hormonal treatment.(2) Most EESS patients had multiple tumors. the omentum was the most commonly affected site, followed by ovaries.(3) The median follow-up was 94 (range: 27–228) months, and recurrence was observed in 3 patients (n = 10, 30%). The 5-year and 10-year DFS rates were both 70%, as shown in Fig. 1. OS was both 100% at 5 and 10 years.
Conclusion

As a conclusion, EESS is a rare disease and LG-EESS has a good prognosis. Surgery remains the available treatment for patients. LG-EESS has a risk of late recurrence which requires a long-term follow-up. With a limited sample size, our study shows optimal tumor reductive surgery and adjuvant hormone therapy can significantly reduce the risk of recurrence.
Study of Injection Molding Process Simulation and Mold Design of Automotive Back Door Panel
Authors: Mao Huiwen , Wang Youmin , Yang Deyu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Numerical simulation of the injection molding process of the outer panel of the automotive plastic rear door and mold design is presented here. CATIA is used to design the original automotive steel structure. In order to efficiently design the panels; finite element analysis is used to verify whether the designed parts meet the mechanical properties requirements such as light weight, low fuel consumption, short production cycle, strong modeling design, high corrosion resistance and good recovery. To simulate the injection molding process, CAE software such as ANSYS and HYPERWORKS are used to analyze the back door of the selected material. After the numerical analysis, suitable material is selected, so that the modal and thermodynamic properties of the product could be satisfied as well as improved. In this paper, UG is used to design the convex and concave mold for the injection molding of the automobile’s plastic back door panel. Combined with the characteristics of the parts and the design requirements of the injection mold, the multi-scheme design of the pouring and cooling system is carried out. By comparing the effects of different gating and cooling systems on injection molding, the best gating and cooling system is selected.
Effect of Sulfate Crystallization on Sandstone in the Yungang Grottoes
Authors: Sun De-an , Zhou Qi-ting , SUN WenJing , Huang JiZhong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Subjected to various weathering in nature over long time, sandstone has been deteriorated in the Yungang Grottoes. The repeated dissolution and crystallization of soluble salts are important factors that cause the deterioration of the grotto sandstone. In order to study the action mechanism of sulfate crystallization in the Yungang Grottoes sandstone, deterioration tests were carried out by the “soaking-evaporation” cycle of saturated magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) and saturated sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solutions in laboratory. The test results show that the participation of sulfate greatly accelerated the weathering speed of sandstone. The ultrasonic velocity of the specimens circulated in both Na2SO4 and MgSO4 solutions show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and changes more obviously in Na2SO4 solution. In the evaporation stage of the circulation, the peeling mass of the specimens circulated in Na2SO4 solution is significantly greater than that in MgSO4 solution. From the evaporation tests on saturated Na2SO4 and MgSO4 solutions and observation with optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, it is found that a dense crystal layer was formed on the surface during the evaporation of saturated MgSO4 solution, and it gradually seals the internal solution, slowing down the further evaporation. During the solution evaporation, Na2SO4 crystallizes into powdery crystals in a flocculent and soft state, and there are pores between the crystal grains. The change in the ultrasonic velocity of specimens in the "soaking-evaporation" cycle tests can be explained by the evaporation test results.
Evaluation the Acute Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Eye Anterior Segment Morphology and on İntraocular Pressure
Authors: Akıncı Fatih , Arslan Abdullah , Özcimen Muammer 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: In this study the acute effects of 1 session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on eye anterior segment morphology and on intraocular pressure was evaluated.Materials and methods: 30 patients taking hyperbaric oxygen therapy for different indications were included in this prospective study. Only the right eye per patient was included in the study. The refractive errors were measured with autorefractometry, intraocular pressures were measured with pneumatic tonometry; anterior segment parameters pachymetry, keratometry, anterior chamber depth and iridocorneal angle values were measured with corneal topography prior to and 24 hours after 1 session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy.Results: In this study 30 eyes from a total of 30 patients were evaluated; 19 men (% 64) and 11 women (% 36). Median age was 44.33 ±16.12 (Age range 18-80 years). Mean intraocular pressure was 13.7 ±4,16 mmHg (milimetermercuries), mean central corneal thickness was 531.9 ±28.24 μm, mean anterior chamber depth was 3.30 ±0.375 mm, mean iridocorneal angle value was 35.3± 6.61 degrees before hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The mean intraocular pressure was 12.66±4,54 mmHg, mean central corneal thickness was 529.43± 26.68 μm, mean anterior chamber depth was 3.28±0.372 mm, mean iridocorneal angle value was 34.5±6.42 degrees after HBOT. A statistically significant decrease in these values were recorded. No statistically significant changes were found in spheric equivalent and keratometry values of the patients before and after HBOT.Conclusions: After one session of HBOT a decrease in intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth and iridocorneal angles of patients were observed; keratometry and spheric equivalent values remained unchanged. More studies are needed in order to use the effects of HBOT on anterior segment morphology and on intraocular pressure for situations like glaucoma, corneal edema etc.
Identifying and Ranking Potential Driver Genes of Alzheimer's Disease Using Weighted Co-Expression Network Analysis
Authors: Xia Liang-Yong , Tang Lihong , Huang Hui , Luo Jie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Identification of AD-related genes from transcriptomics provided new direction to the mechanism for finding potential targets for drug therapy.Methods: We mined gene co-expression network modules from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of AD and normal samples in multiple datasets by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A convergent functional genomic (CFG) method was used to prioritize potential driver genes.Results: The 7567 DEGs were enriched significantly with 61 KEGG pathway and 242 GO terms. Then, the genes in 5 AD-specific modules obtained significantly from DEGs were interconnected with well-known AD risk genes in common PPI network. Remarkably, compared to the number of Tau production-related genes, Aβ play a more critical role. Lastly, the 23 potential driver genes was prioritized by CFG method from 5 AD-specific modules.Conclusions: Identification of AD-related genes could be useful for understanding pathophysiology of AD and looking for candidates drug targets.
Use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to Explore Metacognitive Ability and Academic Performance
Authors: Zhang Xueyan , Li Jun , Wang Duolao , Li Xiaomei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Previous studies have reported the importance of the precuneus in mediating metacognition and the prefrontal cortex in decision-making tasks. However, the mechanisms underlying metacognition remain to be fully elucidated. Long echo time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to further explore the neurocognitive correlates of metacognition. Metacognition was based on a self-reported questionnaire of nursing students. MR spectra of the bilateral precuneus and medial prefrontal cortex were recorded. Significant positive correlation was discovered between the total metacognitive score and academic performance (p = 0.007). The precuneus N-acetyl aspartate/creatine + phosphocreatine (NAA/Cr + PCr) ratios corresponded to metacognitive ability. Moreover, the correlation between precuneus NAA/Cr + PCr ratios and metacognitive ability was established for the right and not for the left precuneus. Linear regression suggested that for every increase in the right precuneus NAA/Cr + PCr ratio, there is a predicted decrease in the total metacognitive score (p = 0.020). These findings further indicated that the right precuneal region plays an important role in metacognition and learning.
Effect of Household food Insecurity on the Nutritional Status of Children under Five in North Kassala
Authors: Desogi Mohamed Abd Alrazik , Khalid Fatima Abbas , Mohamed Awadia Khojali , Hamza Asma Mahmoud , Mohammed Sarah salih , Abdalla Abdualmoniem Omer , Mohamed Isameldin Mustafa , Adam Mahgoub Ali , Mohammed Abdalla Ali 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMalnutrition and anemia are still major health problem in Sudan .This study aim to assess the magnitude of household food insecurity and its consequences on the nutritional status and anemia of children 6–60 months in north localities in Kassala State (Eastern Sudan) MethodWe administered a cross-sectional survey to 445 households in 16 villages. We used specially designed structured questionnaire. We measure household food insecurity by food consumption score (FCS)Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical package. Frequencies and Chi2 was performed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to develop the final model indicating the predictors of the outcome variable.ResultsFood insecurity and vulnerability for food insecurity was found in 181 (38.7%) of household .There was significant associations (P < 0.001) between household's food insecurity and income, household size, number of children, eating habits and avoidance of certain types of food. the overall prevalence of stunting , wasting and underweight was 52.1%, 35.6% and 53.9% respectively. The result showed that the relationship of nutrition status of children and HH food security was statistically insignificant although stunted and underweight were increased by 8% and 7% respectively in food insecure HH, though the prevalence of wasting was almost similar in food secure and insecure households. The study showed that 262 (76.4%) of children had HB level less than 11g/dL. Mild anemia was reported in only 9.3% while moderate and sever anemia in 34.4% , 32.7% respectively. This study revealed that there is negative association of HB level with HH food security (P<0.05). Among those who had normal HB level 30 (37%) were food insecure, whereas 51 (63%) where food secure in contrast to 195(75.6%) who had low level of HB were food secure. ConclusionAccording to the study findings, more attention is needed to improve household food security in the study area .Good eating habits can be achieved by designing education programs to improve knowledge, skills, and attitudes related to healthy eating and food preparation and overall, increasing household income through improving the farming methods, and finding the alternative sources of income. Other risk factors of malnutrition and anemia also should be corrected , such as improving maternal education, improving feeding practices regarding avoiding certain type of food and controlling childhood infections.
The Effects of CD82 Palmitoylation on the Metabolic Pathways of EGFR and c-Met in Breast Cancer Cells and their Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Bu Jingya , Zhong Weiliang , Li Meixian , He Shuiqing , Zhang Mingzhe , Zhang Yu , Li Ying 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: As a tumor metastasis suppressor, tetraspanin CD82 is reduced in many malignant tumors and often affects the composition of tumor microenvironment by changing the heterogeneity of cell membrane. EGFR or c-Met signaling pathway can regulate the metastasis ability of tumor cells and participate in the formation of tetraspanin web. The study of CD82 palmitoylation modification and metabolic pathway of tumor related molecules in tumor cells is still incomplete. This article focuses on studying the expression and distribution of EGFR and c-Met in cancer cells as well as related metabolic pathways and their molecular mechanisms after studying different palmitoylation site mutations.Methods: Western blot and immunofluorescence methods were used to detect the distribution of EGFR in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells after different CD82 palmitoylation site mutations. Then use the immunoprecipitation method to determine the interaction relationship between the molecules and the molecular mechanism.Results: We found that when CD82 combined with palmitoylation mutation at Cys5+Cys74 can enhance the internalization of EGFR, but has no effect on the expression and location of c-Met. When CD82 is combined with palmitoylation mutation at the Cys5+Cys74 site, with the assistance of tubulin, EGFR is internalized and strengthened by direct binding to CD82 and a large number of localizations on the recycling endosome. By forming the EGFR/CD82/Rab11a/FIP2 complex, it is metabolized through the circulation pathway, and re-expression of EGFR and CD82 on the cell membrane.Conclusions: From our results, we can demonatrate that CD82 palmitoylation mutation can change the distribution of EGFR in breast cancer cells, which may provide new ideas for breast cancer treatment.
Mobility and Phytoavailability of Arsenic and Cadmium at the Soil-corn Interface in Sewage Irrigation Polluted Farmlands Northwest, China
Authors: Ning Xiang , Wang Shengli , Wu Yi , Liu Mengbo , Yang Meng , Wang Yuqing , Nan Zhongren 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The activity of heavy metals in farmland soil and the safety of food crops after long-term sewage irrigation are the premise of sustainable development of agriculture. The major pollutants of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in farmland-corn system affected by sewage irrigation for 40 years were studied. The results showed that although the content of total As in soil was high, the absorption and transport of total As by corn were relatively small, and As could not migrate down the soil profile. On the contrary, Cd mainly exists in the form of exchangeable and carbonate-bound which has strong fluidity. By optimizing the method of investigating the bioavailability of pollutants and systematically and comprehensively studying the migration law of pollutants in various parts of maize tissues, it is concluded that Cd still has high activity after stopping sewage irrigation, and the development process of maize roots has a significant relationship between the contact of heavy metals in the surface soil and the enrichment of heavy metals in the upper part of corn tissues (p < 0.01). Therefore, this study can increase the understanding of the migration law of pollutants in corn, and provide a basis for remediation of contaminated soil in local and other areas.
Exploring the Value of Lung Texture Features in Distinguishing Usual and Non-specific Interstitial Pneumonia
Authors: Chen Xinhui , Cheng Ge , Yang Xinguan , Liao Yuting , Zhou Zhipeng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Backgground At present, the most common types of interstitial pneumonia are usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), and different types have different prognosis. In addition, if there is a mixture of different classifications, it will be difficult for radiologists to diagnose, and it will make clinical treatment difficult. Therefore, clinicians urgently need new imaging methods to solve such problems. This article aims to explore the CT lung texture images of UIP and NSIP to provide evidence for the identification of UIP and NSIP. Methods A retrospective analysis of 96 cases of interstitial pneumonia diagnosed by the Department of Pathology and the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College. Among them, there are 40 cases of UIP and 56 cases of NSIP. All patients are scanned by CT. Lung Intelligence Kit was utilized to perform lung segmentation and texture feature extraction. Variance analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) and multivariate logistic regression were used to select effective features. Finally, a multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to identify two kinds of interstitial pneumonia. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity were used to evaluate performance of the constructed model. We used the LK software to segment the two sets of lungs. Feature calculation and selection were performed on the data of the two groups of interstitial pneumonia after lung segmentation, the logistic regression model was established for the selected features, and the ROC curve was drawn. Results A total of 100 texture features are extracted from the whole lung segmented by LK, and finally 8 features are left after feature reduction. The above-mentioned values of UIP and NSIP of the training group are greater than those of the test group. Conclusions It is possible to distinguish UIP and NSIP by using LK software to extract lung texture in CT images.
Surgical Site Infections in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Preliminary Data from an Italian Oncologic Hub.
Authors: Cappelli Sonia , Pelle Fabio , Clementi Marco , Barba Maddalena , Vici Patrizia , Capomolla Elisabetta , Pizzuti Laura , Corallino Diletta , Sperduti Isabella , Graziano Franco , Piarulli Loredana , Cavicchi Flavia , Magagnano Domenico , De vita Roy , Quercia Vittorio , Pozzi Marcello , Costantini Maurizio , Ciliberto Gennaro , Botti Claudio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Over the Covid-19 pandemic, the compelling need of containing the virus spread while providing diseased people with adequate assistance has inevitably reflected on treatment priorities, which have been sometimes radically revised according to the intrinsic nature of the institution considered and its role and action within the pandemic context. We report on the experience matured at the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute concerning the effects of the restriction measures adopted during the pandemic on the outcomes of surgical site infections (SSIs) in breast cancer patients (BC-pts) undergoing non-deferrable breast cancer surgery. Methods: Within the frame of an observational study, we compared evidence from two cohorts, namely, the lockdown cohort (LDC) and non-lockdown cohort (NLDC). Patients from the LDC underwent breast cancer surgery between the 15th March 2020 and the 4th May 2020. Breast surgery was performed by the same team and postsurgical controls were performed regularly for a minimum of 12-months. SSIs were defined according to the criteria established by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: The LDC originally included 79 breast cancer patients, of whom 62 provided data to the final analysis. In the LDC, initially 64 breast cancer patients, only 52 were finally considered. No relevant differences emerged between LDC and NLDC by general characteristics. We observed significant evidence of lower SSIs in the subgroups of patients having undergone skin reducing mastectomy compared with the remaining subgroups (p=0.003). The overall number of surgical site infections was 10 (8.7%), and the median time to their occurrence17.1 days (7- 42). In the NLDC, 7 (13.5) SSIs were identified, with a median time to occurrence of 18.2 days (7-42). In the LDC, 3 (4.8%) SSIs occurred, with a median time to occurrence of 14.3 days (7 to 21). None of these patients was in need of re-hospitalization and there were no delays in adjuvant treatment starting. Conclusions: The restrictive measures issued during the lockdown period seemed to lower the SSI rates in breast cancer patients undergoing non-deferrable breast surgery, although, caution is needed due to the limited sample size.