bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, Risk, and Outcome of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Cui Na , Jiang Chunguo , Chen Hairong , Zhang Liming , Feng Xiaokai 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Few data exist on deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a group of heterogeneous diseases characterized by acute hypoxemia.Study Design and Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 225 adults with ARDS admitted to the Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University between 1 January 2015 and 30 June 2020. We analyzed clinical, laboratory, and echocardiography data for groups with and without DVT and for direct and indirect ARDS subgroups.Results: Ninety (40.0%) patients developed DVT. Compared with the non-DVT group, patients with DVT were older, had lower serum creatinine levels, lower partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen, higher serum procalcitonin levels, higher Padua prediction scores, and higher proportions of sedation and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Multivariate analysis showed an association between age, serum creatinine level, IMV, and DVT in the ARDS cohort. The sensitivity and specificity of corresponding receiver operating characteristic curves were not inferior to those of the Padua prediction score and the Caprini score for screening for DVT in the three ARDS cohorts. Patients with DVT had a significantly lower survival rate than those without DVT in the overall ARDS cohort and in the groups with direct and indirect ARDS.Conclusions: The prevalence of DVT is high in patients with ARDS. The risk factors for DVT are age, serum creatinine level, and IMV, which predict DVT and are not inferior to the Padua prediction score and the Caprini score. DVT is associated with decreased survival in patients with ARDS.
Monophasic Synovial Sarcoma of the Ethmoid Sinus: An Uncommon Differential of a Nasal Mass.
Authors: Chowdhary Stuti , Sekar Raghul , Saxena Sunil Kumar , Srini Bheemanathi Hanuman 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sino-nasal synovial sarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors, with most reports describing those arising primarily from the paranasal sinuses. Very few have been described with an extension to the nasal cavity. Due to a range of non-specific symptoms and local aggressiveness, there tends to be confusion in diagnosis. Here we describe a case of primary sino-nasal monophasic synovial sarcoma, diagnosed by histopathology and treated by excision and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. On follow-up, the patient remains symptom-free to date for over two years. A wide range of diagnoses should be kept in mind for nasal masses since all tissue types coexist in this region. Initial definitive surgical excision can be considered a prudent plan of management in very limited nasal sarcomas confined to one or two paranasal sinuses.
Host Phylogeny Determines The Gut Microbial Landscape of Cephalopods
Authors: Kang Woorim , Kim Pil Soo , Tak Euon Jung , Sung Hojun , Shin Na-Ri , Hyun Dong-Wook , Whon Tae Woong , Kim Hyun Sik , Lee June-Young , Yun Ji-Hyun , Jung Mi-Ja , Bae Jin-Woo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCompared to vertebrate gut microbiomes, little is known about the factors shaping the gut microbiomes in invertebrates, especially in non-insect invertebrates. Class Cephalopoda is the only group in the phylum Mollusca characterized by a closed circulatory system and a well-differentiated digestive system to process their carnivorous diet. Despite their key phylogenetic position for comparative studies as well as their ecological and commercial importances, analyses of the cephalopod gut microbiome are limited. In this study, we characterized the gut microbiota of six species of wild cephalopods by Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons.ResultsEach cephalopod gut consisted of a distinct consortium of microbes. Photobacterium and Mycoplasma were prevalent in all cephalopod hosts and were identified as core taxa. The gut microbial composition reflected host phylogeny. The importance of host phylogeny was supported by a detailed oligotype-level analysis of operational taxonomic units assigned to Photobacterium and Mycoplasma, although Photobacterium typically inhabited multiple hosts, whereas Mycoplasma tended to show host-specific colonization. Further, we showed that class Cephalopoda has a distinct gut microbial community from those of other molluscan groups. The gut microbiota of the phylum Mollusca was determined by host phylogeny, diet, and environment (aquatic vs. terrestrial).ConclusionWe provide the first comparative analysis of cephalopod and mollusk gut microbial communities. The gut microbial community of cephalopods is composed of the distinctive microbes and strongly associated with their phylogeny. The genera Photobacterium and Mycoplasma are core taxa in the cephalopod gut microbiota. Collectively, our findings of this study provide evidence that cephalopod and mollusk gut microbiomes reflect phylogeny, environment, and the diet of the host and these data can be suggested to establish future directions for invertebrate gut microbiome research.
Frequency Shifting Model for Diffuse Optical Tomography
Authors: Kazanci Huseyin Ozgur 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) imaging technique has been interesting research field for researchers since it has uncertainties in the solution space. DOT modality is unsolved scientific problem. Inverse problem solution and image reconstruction has never been in its best quality. Reconstructed images have low spatial resolution. Scattering nature of diffusive light is the obscuring effect for DOT modality. DOT has 3 functional sub-branches which of these are Continuous Wave (CW), Time-Resolved (TR), and Frequency-Domain (FD). In this work, one new approach to Frequency Domain Diffuse Optical Tomography (FDDOT) biomedical optic imaging modality is presented to the readers. Frequency Shifting data were added to the forward model problem which basically has source-detector couplings and number of imaging voxels. 100 MHz center core light modulation frequency was selected. 169 source-detector matches were used on back-reflected imaging geometry. Absorption coefficient ma was selected 0.1 cm− 1. Scattering coefficient µs was selected 100 cm− 1. 1 micrometer x, y, z cartesian grid coordinates were used in each direction for imaging tissue-like simulation media. The total of 100 frequency shift was added to the forward model problem which has 5 Hz frequency step. 2 inclusion objects were embedded inside the imaging simulation phantom. 2 inclusion images were successfully reconstructed with the low contrast to noise ratio (CNR) error and position error (PE). Frequency shifting technique is first applied for FDDOT here. This technique has increased the total number of equations in the forward model problem; hence it is helping to solve the inverse problem. In this work, the positive effect of using multi frequency methodology was observed. Differentiation of 2 embedded inclusions was successfully completed and illustrated in this work.
One-Year Mortality Prediction in Elderly Patients With Suspected Pneumonia: The Usefulness of a Holistic Approach
Authors: Nascè Alberto , Malézieux-Picard Astrid , Hakiza Landry , Fassier Thomas , Zekry Dina , Garin Nicolas , Stirnemann Jérôme , Prendki Virginie , Roux Xavier 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Pneumonia has an impact on long-term mortality in elderly patients. The risk factors associated with poor long-term outcomes are understated. The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of 1-year mortality in older patients having a suspicion of pneumonia, using usual pneumonia severity scores and geriatric evaluation’s scores focused on comorbidities, nutritional status and functionality.
Methods

Consecutive patients over 65 years old and hospitalized with a suspicion of pneumonia were enrolled in a monocentric cohort from May 2015 to April 2016. Three scores were used to assess patients’ comorbidities (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-Geriatric, CIRS-G), malnutrition (Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA), functionality (Functional Independence Measure, FIM) respectively. Severity of pneumonia was assessed by using the Confusion, Urea, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, and 65-years old score (CURB65), the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA). With the exception of CIRS-G, all the scores were obtained prospectively within 48 hours after admission. The main outcome was 1-year mortality. Dates of death were obtained by consulting the cantonal register of deaths. Each score was analysed in univariate and multivariate models and logistic regressions were used to identify contributors to 1-year mortality.
Results

200 patients were included (51 % male, mean age 83.8 +/- 7.7). The 1-year mortality rate was 30%. Scores associated with 1-year mortality were CURB-65 (p < .001), SOFA (p < .05), FIM (p < .01), CIRS-G (p < .001) and MNA (p < .001) in univariate analysis. Only CIRS-G (p < .05) and MNA (p < .05) were significant predictors of 1-year mortality in multivariate analysis.
Conclusions

Long-term prognosis of pneumonia was poor and we identified that scores assessing comorbidities and malnutrition were important predictors of 1-year mortality. This should be taken into account for evaluating elderly patients’ prognosis, levels and goals of care.
Care Transitions From Hospital to Community Among Oncological Patients
Authors: Rodrigues Caroline Donini , Lorenzini Elisiane , Romero Manuel Portela , Oelke Nelly Donszelmann , Winter Vanessa Dalsasso Batista , Trindade Letícia Flores , Kolankiewicz Adriane Cristina Bernat 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To analyze the transition of care from the perspective of cancer patients, in a hospital in southern Brazil, correlating perspectives with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
Methods

Cross-sectional study using the Care Transitions Measure (CTM) with cancer patients undergoing clinical or surgical treatment following hospital discharge. Data collection was completed by telephone between June and September 2019. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results

The average CTM score was 74.1, which was considered satisfactory. The CTM factors, understanding about medications (83.3) and preparation for self-management (77.7) were satisfactory, while secured preferences (69.4) and care plan (66.1) were unsatisfactory for an effective and safe care transition. No statistically significant difference was found between sociodemographic variables and the CTM. Among the clinical variables, primary cancer and the secured preferences factor showed a significant difference (p = 0.044).
Conclusion

The transition from hospital care to the community was considered satisfactory in the overall assessment.
Development of Metamaterial Inspired Nonuniform Circular Array Superstate Antenna using Characteristic Mode Analysis
Authors: Bhavani K Durga , Madhav BTP , Rao MC , Das Sudipta 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this work using characteristic mode analysis, a multi-layered nonuniform metasurface structured antenna has been optimized. The driven patch of square structure and the parasitic patch elements of circular radiating cross slotted metastructure are used in proposed model. The modal significance characteristic angles and surface currents are analysed based on characteristic mode to optimise the nonuniform structures. Antenna resonating between 5.5–6.1 GHz, covering WLAN applications with average gain of 7.9 dB and efficiency greater than 90%. Transient mode, terminal mode and eigen mode-based analysis are performed on the proposed design and comparative analysis has been presented in this work. The prototype model fabrication and real time measurement analysis with simulation results matching is presented for application validation.
Constructing A Novel Signature Based on Immune-Related Lncrna to Improve Prognosis Prediction of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Qin Dongchun , Lv Xuefeng , Liu Lu , Li Pengxiang , Yuan Yingying , Peng Mengle , Jin Huifang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We downloaded gene expression data, clinical data, and somatic mutation data of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Predictive lncRNAs were screened using univariate analysis and lasso regression, and risk score of each patient were calculated according to the expression levels of lncRNAs and regression coefficients to establish a risk model that could be a novel signature. We assessed the correlation between immune infiltration status, chemotherapeutics sensitivity, immune checkpoint proteins (ICP) and the signature. Therefore, we selected 11 immune-related lncRNAs (WWC2,AS2, STXBP5.AS1, ERICH6.AS1, USP30.AS1, LINC02073, RBAKDN, IL21R.AS1, LINC02078, DLEU1, LINC00426, BOLA3.AS1) to construct the risk model. Patients with high risk had a shorter survival time than those with low risk. Risk scores in the signature were negatively correlated with macrophage M1, macrophage M2, and T cell CD8+. The expression levels of ICP such as PD-1 were substantially higher in the low-risk group. For chemotherapeutic agents, high-risk scores were associated with higher half-inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of cisplatin. These findings suggested that the risk model can be a novel signature for predicting CSCC patients’ prognosis, and it also can be used to formulate clinical treatment plans for CSCC patients.
TIGIT Induces (CD3+) T Cell Dysfunction by Inhibiting Glucose Metabolism and its Reversal by TIGIT and/or PD-1 Blockade in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: shao qi , Wang Lei , yuan maoling , Jin Xiaohong , wu changping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: T-cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) is an immunosuppressive receptor expressed on the surface of immune cells, suppressing immune responses by activating the intracellular negative regulatory signals. TIGIT plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various tumors, but its immune escape in colorectal cancer remains unclear.Methods: In this study, TIGIT expression in the peripheral blood and tissue microarrays was detected flow cytometry and immunofluorescence and its relationship with prognosis was evaluated. The proliferation and cytokines of TIGIT+ T cells were measured. Glucose metabolism and key enzymes were detected by qPCR or western blot. After establishing the co-cultured system and xenotransplant models, TIGIT antibody alone or combined with PD-1 antibody was blocked to observe the tumor growth.Results: We found that the proportion of CD3+TIGIT+ T cells was increased in peripheral blood and cancer tissue in colorectal cancer patients when compared with the healthy donors. These cells exhibited functional defects, low proliferative activity, impaired cytokine production and reduced glucose metabolism. A strong association was also observed between the elevated TIGIT expression and poor prognosis. In the in vitro co-culture assays of T cells and tumor cells, the suppressed glucose metabolic activity of T cells was reversed by TIGIT blockade. In addition, this blockade induced the apoptosis and reduced G2/M transit in tumor cells. The antitumor efficacy of TIGIT Ab therapy was further demonstrated in a human colorectal xenograft mice model while co-blockers of TIGIT and PD-1 exhibited synergistic suppressing effects on tumor growth.Conclusions: It is suggest that while TIGIT induces CD3+ T cell dysfunction in colorectal cancer, co-targeting TIGIT and PD-1 can lead to an effective antitumor response and may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for colorectal patients.
Tunable Single-Atomic Charge/Spin States of Intercalant Co Ions in a Transition Metal Dichalcogenide
Authors: Lim Seongjoon , Pan Shangke , Wang Kefeng , Ushakov Alexey , Sukhanova Ekaterina , Popov Zakhar , Kvashnin Dmitry , Streltsov Sergey , Cheong Sang-Wook 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Intercalation raises manifold possibilities to manipulate the properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials1, and its impact on local electronic/magnetic properties has drawn much attention with the rise of nano-structured 2D materials2,3. Typically, changing an ionic state in a solid involves a dramatic local change of energy as well as orbital/spin magnetic moment from its ground state. However, the atomic investigation of the charging process of an intercalant ion in 2D material has never been explored while such subject has been studied in artificially deposited atoms on thin insulating 2D layers using scanning probe microscopy4–7. Herein, we demonstrate an atomical manipulation of the charge and spin state of Co ions on a metallic NbS2, obtained by cleaving of Co-intercalated NbS2. Density functional theory investigation of various Co configurations reveals that the charging is possible due to a change in the crystal field at the surface and a significant coupling between NbS2 and intercalants occurs via orbitals of the a1g symmetry. The results can be generalized to numerous other combinations of intercalants and base matrixes, suggesting that intercalated transition metal dichalcogenides can be a new platform to introduce single-atom operation 2D electronics/spintronics.
The Value of NLR Combined SOFA in Assessing the Prognosis of Sepsis Patients
Authors: Li Yixuan , Wang Junyu , Wei Bing , Zhang Xiangqun , Hu Le , Tian Tian , Ye Xinghua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: In order to evaluate the risk factors and its assessment values in patients with sepsis, and to explore a method to improve the prognosis prediction efficiency of patients with sepsis.Methods: Patients with sepsis admitted to Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2020 to December 2020 were enrolled, and they were divided into survival group and death group according to the prognosis at 28 days. Demographic data of patients and laboratory values at admission were collected. In terms of the first time data within 24h of patients admitted to hospital, the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score were calculated, and compared the difference between the two groups, the logistic regression was used to analysis the risk factors for death within 28 days, as well as the calculated combined predictor of SOFA and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Predicted values of various indicators for 28 days’ mortality in sepsis patients were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results: 302 patients in total were included in this study, including 238 patients in survival group and 64 patients in death group. The age (78.36±9.8 years old vs. 71.6±14.1 years old), procalcitonin (PCT) (1.00 ng/ml vs. 0.05 ng/ml), C-reactive protein (CRP) (93 mg/l vs 14 mg/l), lactic acid (Lac) (1.20 mmol/l vs. 2.20 mmol/l), NLR (11.7 vs. 6.20), SOFA score (8 vs. 4) and APACHE Ⅱ score(20.5 vs. 11.0) of death group were significantly higher than those of survival group (all P<0.001). Age (OR=1.046, 95%CI 1.020-1.074, P=0.001), PCT (OR=1.115, 95%CI 1.055-1.177, P<0.001), CRP (OR=1.016, 95%CI 1.011-1.021, P<0.001), Lac (OR=1.887, 95%CI 1.518-2.346, P<0.001), NLR (OR=1.038, 95%CI 1.016-1.060, P=0.001), APACHE Ⅱ score (OR=1.231, 95%CI 1.166-1.300, P<0.001), SOFA score (OR=1.499, 95%CI1.344-1.671, P<0.001), NLR combined SOFA (SOFA+NLR×0.085) (OR=1.492, 95%CI1.341-1.660, P<0.001) were risk factors of 28 days’ mortality in sepsis patients, and the area under the curve (AUC) of APACHE Ⅱ, NLR combined SOFA were 0.853 and 0.855, higher than Lac (0.767, P<0.05), CRP (0.746, P<0.05) and PCT (0.761, P<0.05), the AUC of APACHE Ⅱ was similar with NLR combine SOFA (P>0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of APACHE Ⅱ and NLR combined SOFA to predict the 28 days’ prognosis of sepsis patients were better than the other indicators. Conclusion: NLR combined SOFA was a risk factor for the death of sepsis patients, and its predictive efficacy was similar with that of APACHE Ⅱ score, which is superior to other predictive indexes.
Application of Ultrasonography in Conservative Treatment of Humeral Shaft Fracture in Children
Authors: Li Jun , Tan Xin , Li Xiang , Gou Pan , Yuan Xiaowei , Liu Tao , Shi Mingyan , Liu Xing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Most of humeral shaft fractures in children could be treated satisfactorily by conservative treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the application value of ultrasonography in conservative treatment of humeral shaft fracture in children.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed children admitted to our hospital, for humeral shaft fracture from January 2014 to March 2018. The patients were divided into two groups: ultrasonography group and X-ray group. All patients were instructed to evaluat the prognosis according to the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score at 12 months.Results: A total of 37 children were divided into ultrasonography group, 32 children were divided into X-ray group. There was no significant difference in DASH between the two groups. The mean number of radiation exposures of ultrasonography group was less and ultrasonic examination found radial nerve injury, and using ultrasound reduced the chance of direct or in direct contact with infected peoples.Conclusions: Ultrasound is a non-invasive, non-radioactive test, which could decrease risk of COVID-19 infection and detect the vascular nerve injury caused by fracture. Ultrasonography may be the examination method for follow-up conservative treatment of humeral shaft fracture in children during the epidemic period.
Reproductive Toxicity of Chronic Exposure To Polystyrene Microplastics And The Molecular Mechanism of Decrease In Testosterone Levels In Male Mice
Authors: Jin Haibo , Yan Minghao , Pan Chun , Liu Zhenyu , Sha Xiaoxuan , Jiang Chengyue , Li Luxi , Pan Mengge , Li Dongmei , Han Xiaodong , Ding Jie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Microplastics (MPs), which are smaller in size and difficult to degrade, can be easily ingested by marine life and enter mammals including human through the food chain. Previous study has demonstrated that acute exposure to MPs induced a reduction of testosterone levels and finally resulted in male reproductive toxicity. Therefore, assessing the harm that MPs dose to the male reproductive system under long-term exposure of environmental concentrations and comprehending the mechanism from cell and molecularlevels are necessary.Results: We affirmed that male reproductive toxicity of chronic exposure to polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) in environmental pollution concentrations and explored the underlying mechanism of MPs-induced decrease of testosterone in mice. Polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) treatment resulted in the destruction of testicular histology, abnormal spermatogenesis, and interference of hormone secretion in serum. PS-MPs induced a reduction of testosterone levels through downregulation of LH-mediated LHR/cAMP/PKA/StAR pathway. Moreover, we discovered that PS-MPs attached to and became internalized by Leydig cells.Conclusions: In summary, our study showed that PS-MPs existed toxicity to male reproduction under long-term exposure and environmental pollution concentrations, and these potential hazards may ring alarm bells of public health. As well, the discussing of molecular mechanisms may be instructive to search novel therapeutic targets.