bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
History as heresy: Unlearning the lessons of economic orthodoxy
Authors: O'Sullivan Mary A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUnprecedented liquidity injections by central bankers have gained legitimacy in recent years to stave off economic crisis and enjoy strong support from prominent economists and economic historians. Such radical action by central bankers is underpinned by a remarkable agreement on a specific interpretation of the Great Depression of the 1930s in the US, an interpretation proposed by Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz in A monetary history of the United States (1963). This article explores the origins, the limits, and the influence of A monetary history’s interpretation of the Great Depression for the insights it offers on theory and history in the study of economic life. The book was inspired by Wesley Clair Mitchell's mobilization of historical research to insist on the inherent instability of capitalism. Friedman and Schwartz exploited the heretical potential of historical research to dismiss any claim that the crisis reflected a systemic dysfunction of the US economy. Now that their interpretation has become our orthodoxy, this article shows how we can develop the fertile link between history and heresy to open up new lines of research on the causes of the greatest crisis in the history of capitalism.
Hybridization and range expansion in tamarisk beetles (Diorhabda spp.) introduced to North America for classical biological control
Authors: Stahlke Amanda R. , Bitume Ellyn V. , Özsoy Zeynep A. , Bean Dan W. , Veillet Anne , Clark Meaghan I. , Clark Eliza I. , Moran Patrick , Hufbauer Ruth A. , Hohenlohe Paul A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith the global rise of human‐mediated translocations and invasions, it is critical to understand the genomic consequences of hybridization and mechanisms of range expansion. Conventional wisdom is that high genetic drift and loss of genetic diversity due to repeated founder effects will constrain introduced species. However, reduced genetic variation can be countered by behavioral aspects and admixture with other distinct populations. As planned invasions, classical biological control (biocontrol) agents present important opportunities to understand the mechanisms of establishment and spread in a novel environment. The ability of biocontrol agents to spread and adapt, and their effects on local ecosystems, depends on genomic variation and the consequences of admixture in novel environments. Here, we use a biocontrol system to examine the genome‐wide outcomes of introduction, spread, and hybridization in four cryptic species of a biocontrol agent, the tamarisk beetle (Diorhabda carinata, D. carinulata, D. elongata, and D. sublineata), introduced from six localities across Eurasia to control the invasive shrub tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) in western North America. We assembled a de novo draft reference genome and applied RADseq to over 500 individuals across laboratory cultures, the native ranges, and the introduced range. Despite evidence of a substantial genetic bottleneck among D. carinulata in N. America, populations continue to establish and spread, possibly due to aggregation behavior. We found that D. carinata, D. elongata, and D. sublineata hybridize in the field to varying extents, with D. carinata × D. sublineata hybrids being the most abundant. Genetic diversity was greater at sites with hybrids, highlighting potential for increased ability to adapt and expand. Our results demonstrate the complex patterns of genomic variation that can result from introduction of multiple ecotypes or species for biocontrol, and the importance of understanding them to predict and manage the effects of biocontrol agents in novel ecosystems.
“Show us what you’ve got”: From experiences of undoing to mobilizing agentic vulnerability in research
Authors: Plester Barbara , Kim Heesun , Sayers Janet , Carroll Brigid 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis inquiry both builds on and extends exploration into gendered research through a focus on researcher vulnerability and its associated ethics. We discuss six critical vignettes across Western and Eastern contexts in which female researchers are “undone” and subsequently “redone” during their research endeavors. We draw upon Butler's work on gender and vulnerability, theorized as a subset of precarity. Attention is drawn to attempts to reframe, understand, and mobilize vulnerability differently, as a form of resistance, research activism, and emancipatory enactment. We propose agentic vulnerability as speaking to felt moments of vulnerability experienced in field research. We extend this contribution into a theorization of the researcher as activist, outlining practical applications of this concept. Ultimately, we seek to reposition agentic vulnerability in institutional research as a source of new ethics, research practices, and activism.
Technological functionality of composite flours from sorghum, tapioca and cowpea
Authors: Marchini Mia , Marti Alessandra , Tuccio Maria Grazia , Bocchi Elena , Carini Eleonora 
Published: November 2021

SummaryComposite flours from accessible raw materials may interest developing countries, cutting wheat import costs, bolstering domestic agriculture and boosting nutrition. Technological functionality (WHC and OHC, pasting, swelling and thermal properties) of composite tapioca, sprouted sorghum, cowpea and wheat flours (at 50%, 33% and 25% (w/w) flour basis) was evaluated. PCA revealed that, in a 50% w/w blend, sprouted sorghum and tapioca were technologically similar to wheat, and thus of interest when gluten's viscoelastic properties are not required (e.g. flatbread). Since cowpea flour can enhance nutrients, a flour from sprouted sorghum, tapioca and cowpea is preferable nutritionally and technologically, and potentially sustainable, its raw materials being available locally. Furthermore, PCA showed that composites of sprouted sorghum, tapioca, cowpea and wheat flours at 25% w/w offer a good compromise between technological and nutritional qualities, while reducing wheat imports and cassava post‐harvest losses. These results may herald technologically satisfactory, nutritional, sustainable bakery products.
Baseline prevalence of high blood pressure and its predictors in a rural adult population of Bangladesh: Outcome from the application of WHO PEN interventions
Authors: Barua Lingkan , Faruque Mithila , Rakhshanda Shagoofa , Banik Palash Chandra , Shawon Riffat Ara , Mashreky Saidur Rahman 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis cross‐sectional study estimated the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) and examined its predictors at baseline following protocol 1 (actions 1 and 2) of World Health Organization (WHO) Package of Essential Noncommunicable Disease (PEN) Interventions in a selected rural area of Bangladesh. A total of 11 145 adults (both sex and age ≥ 18 years) completed both the questionnaire and clinical measurements at the household and community clinics, respectively. We defined high BP as systolic BP ≥ 120 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 80 mmHg, prehypertension (pre‐HTN) as systolic BP 120–139 mmHg or diastolic BP 80–89 mmHg, and hypertension (HTN) as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or anti‐hypertensive drug intake for the raised BP. The prevalence of high BP was 51.2% (pre‐HTN, 25.3%; HTN, 25.9%). Among them, the proportion of pre‐HTN was higher among men (28.7%) while HTN was higher among women (27.4%). Other than fast food intake (pre‐HTN, OR: 1.110, P = .063) and women sex (HTN, OR: 1.236, P < .001), the pre‐HTN and HTN had higher odds for having same predictors as follows: age ≥ 40 years, family history of HTN, physical inactivity, central obesity, generalized obesity, and diabetes. In conclusion, the application of WHO PEN protocol 1 detected one‐fourth of the rural adult population had pre‐HTN and HTN respectively, and the common significant predictors of those were the age, family history of HTN, physical inactivity, generalized obesity, and diabetes.
External gap progression after cyclic fatigue of adhesive overlays and crowns made with high translucency zirconia or lithium silicate
Authors: Baldi Andrea , Comba Allegra , Ferrero Giorgio , Italia Edoardo , Michelotto Tempesta Riccardo , Paolone Gaetano , Mazzoni Annalisa , Breschi Lorenzo , Scotti Nicola 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate three‐dimensional external gap progression after chewing simulation of high translucency zirconia (HTZ) and zirconia‐reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) applied on endodontically treated teeth with different preparation designs.Materials and MethodEndodontically treated molars were prepared with low‐retentive (adhesive overlay) and high‐retentive (full crown) designs above cementum‐enamel junction and restored with HTZ and ZLS. Micro‐computed tomography analysis was assessed before and after chewing simulation to evaluate three‐dimensionally the external gap progression. Results were statistically analyzed with two‐way ANOVA and post‐hoc Tukey test.ResultsHigh‐retentive preparation design had a significantly inferior gap progression compared to the overlay preparation (p < 0.01); ZLS exhibited a significant inferior gap progression compared to HTZ (p < 0.01).ConclusionsHigh‐retentive preparations restored with ZLS seem to better perform in maintaining the sealing of the external margin after cyclic fatigue.Clinical significanceThe clinician should pay attention to the proper combination of preparation designs and ceramic material selection for an endodontically treated molar restoration. HTZ seems to perform worse than lithium silicate in terms of marginal sealing, still showing lacks in resistance to cyclic fatigue when adhesive preparations are performed.
Helping couples achieve relationship success: A decade of progress in couple relationship education research and practice, 2010–2019
Authors: Markman Howard J. , Hawkins Alan J. , Stanley Scott M. , Halford W. Kim , Rhoades Galena 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article systematically reviewed 34 rigorous evaluation studies of couple relationship education (CRE) programs from 2010 to 2019 that met the criteria for Level 1 well‐established interventions. Significant advances include reaching more diverse and disadvantaged target populations with positive intervention effects on a wider range of outcomes beyond relationship quality, including physical and mental health, coparenting, and even child well‐being, and evidence that high‐risk couples often benefit the most. In addition, considerable progress has been made delivering effective online CRE, increasing services to individuals rather than to couples, and giving greater attention to youth and young adults to teach them principles and skills that may help them form healthy relationships. Ongoing challenges include expanding our understanding of program moderators and change mechanisms, attending to emerging everyday issues facing couples (e.g., healthy breaking ups, long‐distance relationships) and gaining increased institutional support for CRE.
Interleukin 38 serum level is increased in patients with vitiligo, correlated with disease severity, and associated with signs of disease activity
Authors: Mahmoud Marie Radwa El‐ Sayed , Adel Al‐ Zahraa Mohamed , Abd El‐ Fadeal Noha M. , Eyada Moustafa Mohamad Kamel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is an acquired cutaneous depigmenting disease caused by a T helper (Th) 1–cytotoxic T cells driven autoimmune attack against melanocytes, in which Th17 is also involved. Interleukin (IL)‐38 belongs to the IL‐1 family of cytokines and suppresses Th1 and Th17 activation. IL‐38 protein and mRNA levels have been found to be elevated in various autoimmune disorders and correlated with disease severity and activity, including psoriasis, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and atopic dermatitis. No previous studies have been performed to investigate the expression of IL‐38 in patients with vitiligo.AimTo evaluate IL‐38 serum level in patients with vitiligo compared to healthy controls (Hcs) and examine the association between IL‐38 level and severity and activity of vitiligo.Patients and MethodsThe study comprised 21 patients with vitiligo and 21 Hcs. Vitiligo severity and activity were evaluated via Vitiligo Extent Score (VES) and Vitiligo Disease Activity (VIDA) Score, respectively. IL‐38 serum level was evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsVitiligo patients had significantly higher serum level of IL‐38 than Hcs (p < 0.001). This level was significantly higher among patients with signs of vitiligo activity (p = 0.048), correlated positively with VES (p < 0.001), and correlated negatively with the age of patients (p = 0.001) and the age of disease onset (p = 0.022).ConclusionIL‐38 serum level was higher in patients with vitiligo than in Hcs and was related to vitiligo severity and signs of activity.
Re‐animation: multimodal discourse around text
Authors: Bryer Theodora , Coles Jane 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article offers a multimodal analysis of spontaneous, improvisatory interactions between pre‐service teachers as they engage with a range of material resources connected to, or generated by, a literary text (in this case, the Old English poem Beowulf). We draw on an understanding of role as a form of frame, offering students a particular perspective on the material that they engage with and a heightened awareness of the signs that they make, and we consider the function of role in supporting learning. Using video evidence collected across a 2‐day workshop, we select two key episodes for close analysis to illustrate the complex ways in which learners' spoken words, gestures and bodies combine in the processes of shared meaning‐making, aspects of learning that tend to be ignored in official accounts of classroom literacy. In particular, we identify fleeting yet generative moments of role play that learners adopt while engaged in collaborative activities around images and a touchscreen, a form of embodied response we term ‘re‐animation’.
The role of fear in the relationship between vicarious violence at work and work ability in nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pacheco Emelda , Bártolo Ana , Pereira Anabela , Duarte João Carvalho , Silva Carlos F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFear is a powerful emotion that can influence future behavior. This study investigated how fear influences the relationship between vicarious violence at work and employees' work ability. This is a quantitative cross‐sectional study. Self‐report data were collected from 154 Portuguese nurses who completed an online survey. Statistical significance of the indirect effect was based on bias‐corrected bootstrap confidence intervals. The results support the mediation model. Those who observe/hear of others being beaten or threatened experience strong affective reactions, such as fear, which in turn has a negative impact on the assessment of their work ability. We suggest that occupational safety and health programs designed to prevent violence at work take into account those who experience violence at work vicariously and include strategies and interventions focused on affective reactions to minimize the negative effects of vicarious violence at work, with benefits in employees' improved ability to work.
Modularity and selection of nectar traits in the evolution of the selfing syndrome in Ipomoea lacunosa (Convolvulaceae)
Authors: Liao Irene T. , Rifkin Joanna L. , Cao Gongyuan , Rausher Mark D. 
Published: November 2021

Summary

Although the evolution of the selfing syndrome often involves reductions in floral size, pollen and nectar, few studies of selfing syndrome divergence have examined nectar. We investigate whether nectar traits have evolved independently of other floral size traits in the selfing syndrome, whether nectar traits diverged due to drift or selection, and the extent to which quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses predict genetic correlations.

We use F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) generated from a cross between Ipomoea cordatotriloba and Ipomoea lacunosa. We calculate genetic correlations to identify evolutionary modules, test whether trait divergence was due to selection, identify QTLs and perform correlation analyses to evaluate how well QTL properties reflect genetic correlations.

Nectar and floral size traits form separate evolutionary modules. Selection has acted to reduce nectar traits in the selfing I. lacunosa. Genetic correlations predicted from QTL properties are consistent with observed genetic correlations.

Changes in floral traits associated with the selfing syndrome reflect independent evolution of at least two evolutionary modules: nectar and floral size traits. We also demonstrate directional selection on nectar traits, which is likely to be independent of selection on floral size traits. Our study also supports the expected mechanistic link between QTL properties and genetic correlations.
How does ethnic diversity shape the design of intergovernmental fiscal relations? Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Yongzheng , Qiao Mo , Wei Hailun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study examines how ethnic diversity shapes the design of intergovernmental fiscal relations in regimes such as China, where local accountability and resident mobility are largely absent. We argue that in these regimes, ethnic diversity largely captures potential social conflicts and instability, consequently requiring a higher level of fiscal centralization and regional equalization from upper‐level governments to preserve social stability. Using provincial and sub‐provincial level panel data from China for 1995–2019, we find strong supporting evidence that an increase in a province's ethnic diversity significantly increases fiscal centralization and the provincial government's fiscal equalization efforts. We also show that these effects tend to be stronger in provinces whose leaders have closer ties with the central authority and where local capture is less serious. Our study contributes to a better understanding of ethnic diversity's consequences on the policy choices governments make.
Blood eosinophils in managing preschool wheeze: Lessons learnt from a proof‐of‐concept trial
Authors: Saglani Sejal , Bingham Yvonne , Balfour‐Lynn Ian , Goldring Stephen , Gupta Atul , Banya Winston , Moreiras John , Fleming Louise , Bush Andrew , Rosenthal Mark 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundManagement of preschool wheeze is based predominantly on symptom patterns.ObjectiveTo determine whether personalizing therapy using blood eosinophils or airway bacterial infection results in fewer attacks compared with standard care.MethodsA proof‐of‐concept, randomized trial to investigate whether the prescription of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) guided by blood eosinophils, or targeted antibiotics for airway bacterial infection, results in fewer unscheduled healthcare visits (UHCVs) compared with standard care. Children aged 1–5 years with ≥2 wheeze attacks in the previous year were categorized as episodic viral wheeze (EVW) or multiple trigger wheeze (MTW). The intervention group was prescribed ICS if blood eosinophils ≥3%, or targeted antibiotics if there is positive culture on induced sputum/cough swab. The control group received standard care. The primary outcome was UHCV at 4 months.Results60 children, with a median age of 36.5 (range 14–61) months, were randomized. Median blood eosinophils were 5.2 (range 0–21)%, 27 of 60 (45%) children were atopic, and 8 of 60 (13%) had airway bacterial infection. There was no relationship between EVW, MTW and either blood eosinophils, atopic status or infection. 67% in each group were prescribed ICS. 15 of 30 control subjects and 16 of 30 patients in the intervention group had UHCV over 4 months (p = .8). The time to first UHCV was similar. 50% returned adherence monitors; in those, median ICS adherence was 67%. There were no differences in any parameter between those who did and did not have an UHCV.ConclusionClinical phenotype was unrelated to allergen sensitization or blood eosinophils. ICS treatment determined by blood eosinophils did not impact UHCV, but ICS adherence was poor.
The respiratory metabolism of overwintering paper wasp gynes (Polistes dominula and Polistes gallicus)
Authors: Kovac Helmut , Käfer Helmut , Petrocelli Iacopo , Stabentheiner Anton 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWinter in climatic regions with low temperatures is a challenge for overwintering insects. They are exposed to temperature extremes, which directly cause mortality or lead to energy depletion. The winter hibernaculum of paper wasp gynes protects from predators and rain, but only poorly from ambient temperature. In order to detect physiological adaptations to differing climates, we compared the respiratory metabolism of overwintering gynes of two polistine species from the Mediterranean climate in Italy (Polistes dominula and Polistes gallicus), and of one species from the temperate climate in Austria (Polistes dominula). The wasps' CO2 emission was measured with stop‐flow respirometry in a temperature range from 2.5 to 20 °C. The mass‐specific standard (resting) metabolic rate, the main type of metabolism of the dormant insects during overwintering, increased exponentially with ambient temperature but was suppressed in comparison to individuals measured in the summer, which conserves the energy stores. In addition, it was lower in the Mediterranean species (P. dominula and P. gallicus) in comparison to the temperate species (P. dominula), especially at higher temperatures. The active metabolic rate was suppressed to a similar amount. The suppressed metabolism of the overwintering Mediterranean gynes could be an adaptation to the higher winter temperatures to prevent a premature depletion of the energy resources.
Knowledge, Social Influences, Perceived Risks and Benefits, and Cultural Values Explain the Public's Decisions Related to Prudent Antibiotic Use
Authors: Visschers Vivianne H. M. , Feck Vanessa , Herrmann Anne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPeople should use antibiotics (AB) prudently to mitigate antibiotic resistance (ABR). Previous studies—and, subsequently, interventions—on ABR have focused mainly on improving public awareness and knowledge. We investigated a comprehensive theory‐based explanatory model to understand the public's decision making regarding prudent AB use, based on, among others, the theory of planned behavior. In a cross‐sectional online survey, the psychological determinants of people's decisions about prudent AB use were examined in a sample of 1,228 Swiss adults. The questionnaire assessed respondents’ demand for AB, willingness to adopt measures that prevent the need for AB, perceived risks of ABR, perceived benefits of AB, attitudes and social influences regarding AB, knowledge of AB and ABR, and cultural values. Mokken scale analysis revealed three types of knowledge: knowledge of the functioning of AB, of ABR, and of preventive measures. Structural equation modeling indicated that respondents’ demand for AB was mostly predicted by social influences, perceived benefits of AB, and knowledge of AB functioning. Willingness to prevent AB use was mainly related to conservative values, perceived risks of ABR, negative attitudes toward AB, and knowledge of preventive measures. Our study suggests that the provision of information about AB and preventive measures is a first step toward changing people's decisions related to prudent AB use. Future interventions that additionally utilize cultural values to convey important messages and target additional factors, such as social influences, the risks of ABR, and the benefits of cautious AB use, can be more successful in promoting prudent AB use.