bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Analysis of Peripartum Hysterectomy Across 9 European Countries
Authors: Kallianidis A.F. , Maraschini A. , Danis J. , Colmorn L.B. , Deneux-Tharaux C. , Donati S. , Gissler M. , Jakobsson M. , Knight M. , Kristufkova A. , Lindqvist P.G. , Vandenberghe G. , Van Den Akker T. 
Published: August 2021

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020;99:1364–1373)
Peripartum hysterectomy is typically performed in cases of severe obstetric complications such as massive obstetric hemorrhage, sepsis, uterine rupture, or abnormally invasive placenta. It is an outcome of interest in obstetric surveillance due to its classification by the World Health Organization as a near-miss criteria. The primary aim of this study was to compare rates of and indications for peripartum hysterectomy within high-income countries. Secondarily, authors aimed to describe hysterectomy indications and prevalence of peripartum hysterectomy based on country and other categories of birth including previous cesarean delivery (CD).
Obstetric Hemorrhage and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease After Three Decades: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Ukah U.V. , Platt R.W. , Potter B.J. , Paradis G. , Dayan N. , He S. , Augera N. 
Published: August 2021

(BJOG. 2020;127:1489–1497)
The association between pregnancy complications and future risk of cardiovascular disease has been well studied. But most studies have focused on the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes. Less examined is the effect of other common disorders of pregnancy, such as obstetric hemorrhage, on the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. The aim of this study was to examine whether there is an increased risk of cardiovascular disease up to 3 decades after pregnancy with obstetric hemorrhage.
Clinical Validation of Bioreactance for the Measurement of Cardiac Output in Pregnancy
Authors: Ling H.Z. , Gallardo-Arozena M. , Company-Calabuig A.M. , Nicolaides K.H. , Kametas N.A. 
Published: August 2021

(Anaesthesia. 2020;75:1307–1313)
This study aimed to use 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and the Non-Invasive Cardiac Output Monitor (NICOM) to investigate distinct hemodynamic patterns found in pregnancy to determine whether those measurements could be used to predict and prevent preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. The primary outcome was validation of cardiac output assessment via bioreactance compared against TTE with simultaneously paired recordings.
Association of SARS-CoV-2 Test Status and Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Ahlberg M. , Neovius M. , Saltvedt S. , Söderling J. , Pettersson K. , Brandkvist C. , Stephansson O. 
Published: August 2021

(JAMA. 2020;324:1782–1785)
Case reports and case series make up most of the studies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy outcomes. Lacking are studies with a comparison group. The aim of this study was to compare women in labor infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with those who were not infected.
Clinical Outcomes of Pregnant and Postpartum Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients
Authors: Lankford A.S. , Chow J.H. , Jackson A.M. , Wallis M. , Galvagno S.M. , Malinow A.M. , Turan O.M. , Menaker J.A. , Crimmins S.D. , Rector R. , Kaczorowski D. , Griffith B. , Kon Z. , Herr D. , Mazzeffi M.A. 
Published: August 2021

(Anesth Analg. 2021;132:777–787)
Cardiovascular issues account for more than one third of pregnancy-related deaths in the United States. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used to treat patients in shock, with hypoxemic and hypercapnic acute respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and massive pulmonary embolism (PE), among others. Pregnancy involves unique etiologies of cardiopulmonary failure like amniotic fluid embolism, preeclampsia, and postpartum hemorrhage. There is little data on ECMO in pregnancy, and even a lack of data on the mortality benefit of venoarterial (VA) or venovenous (VV) ECMO in nonpregnant patients with cardiopulmonary arrest, ARDS, and massive PE. This study explored long-term cardiopulmonary outcomes in patients who received peripartum ECMO treatment.
Examining Adverse Fetal/Neonatal Outcomes Associated With Severe Maternal Morbidity
Authors: Lawton B. , Filoche S. , MacDonald E.J. , Stanley J. , Meeks M. , Stone P. , Storey F. , Geller S.E. 
Published: August 2021

(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2020;60:865–870)
Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) affects up to 2% of pregnancies worldwide. Up to 40% of SMM may be preventable, and racial and ethnic disparities exist within SMM. Less is known about the effect of SMM on fetal and neonatal outcomes. The aim of this study was to review fetal and neonatal outcomes associated with SMM in pregnancy in New Zealand.
Relationship Between Postpartum Mood Disorder and Birth Experience: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Kountanis J.A. , Muzik M. , Chang T. , Langen E. , Cassidy R. , Mashour G.A. , Bauer M.E. 
Published: August 2021

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2020;44:90–99)
Postpartum depression (PPD) affects 1 in 5 mothers and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may affect up to 15.7% postpartum women. Traumatic birth experience has been identified as a risk factor associated with PPD, but what qualifies an event as traumatic is at times unclear and varies across studies. A patient’s expectations, when differing from the realized experience, can also contribute to risk for PPD or PTSD. This study aimed to identify birth events associated with increased risk of PPD and postpartum PTSD.
Risk of Complicated Birth at Term in Nulliparous and Multiparous Women Using Routinely Collected Maternity Data in England: Cohort Study
Authors: Jardine J. , Blotkamp A. , Gurol-Urganci I. , Knight H. , Harris T. , Hawdon J. , van der Meulen J. , Walker K. , Pasupathy D. 
Published: August 2021

(BMJ. 2020;371:1–10)
Risk assessment during antenatal and intrapartum care allows health care providers to identify patients who might have complications during childbirth. In the UK, risk factors such as woman’s age, body mass index (BMI), and the presence of specific clinical and obstetric conditions are used to identify in which location a woman should deliver. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines state while low-risk women could deliver at home or in a midwife setting, women with increased risk are recommended to deliver in an obstetric unit. The primary aim of this study was to assess the NICE guidelines to determine the rate of complicated at-term birth in low-risk women and to assess if risk classification can be improved by expanding the list of considered risk factors including parity.
Antenatal Glucocorticoids in Low-Resource Settings—Who, When, and Where?
Authors: Rouse D.J. , Stringer J.S.A. 
Published: August 2021

(N Engl J Med. 2020;383:2584–2585)
Glucocorticoid therapy has been long known to improve neonatal outcomes in preterm birth. The data supporting the use of antenatal glucocorticoids largely comes from high-resource countries. The Antenatal Corticosteroids Trial (ACT) published in 2015 investigated the use of antenatal dexamethasone in settings with limited access to obstetricians and neonatal intensive care. ACT found antenatal dexamethasone did not lower mortality among neonates with a birth weight below the fifth percentile (a proxy for preterm birth), but instead increased overall neonatal mortality compared with placebo (27.4 vs. 23.9 deaths/1000 live births) and increased the incidence of suspected maternal infection (3% to 2%).
A Risk Score for Postoperative Nausea and/or Vomiting in Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery With Intrathecal Morphine
Authors: Tan H.S. , Cooter M. , George R.B. , Habib A.S. 
Published: August 2021

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2020;44:126–130)
Up to 4 of 5 cesarean delivery (CD) patients receiving intrathecal morphine are affected by postoperative nausea and/or vomiting (PONV). Existing PONV risk assessment scores including the Apfel score were developed based on the general surgical population, while none have been designed specifically for obstetric patients. This post hoc analysis aimed to develop a PONV prediction model (the Duke score) specifically for the obstetric population and compare it to the Apfel score.
Intraoperative Ketorolac 15 mg Versus 30 mg for Analgesia Following Cesarean Delivery: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yurashevich M. , Pedro C. , Fuller M. , Habib A.S. 
Published: August 2021

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2020;44:116–121)
Ketorolac is commonly used to manage postcesarean delivery pain. While the manufacturer recommends an intravenous (IV) dose of 30 mg for adults under age 65, a dose of 15 mg is sometimes used. There is a lack of data on the efficacy, outcomes, or side effects associated with a higher or lower dose. This study was conducted in a center that uses both doses for postcesarean analgesia and aimed to compare analgesic efficacy for each dose. The hypothesis was that the 30 mg dose would be associated with lower opioid use.
Evidence-based practice knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers
Authors: Crable Jane , Highfield Martha E. Farrar , Patmon Frances 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
This study assessed nurses' knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived barriers related to evidence-based practice (EBP). Nurses reported highly positive attitudes toward EBP, and relatively strong EBP knowledge and practices, but they also identified several barriers. Removing barriers and building on strengths may close this knowledge-practice gap.
Renal cell carcinoma, part 3
Authors: Pullen Richard L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for most renal malignancies. This article, the last in a three-part series, presents treatment options for RCC using the American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor, Node, and Metastasis staging system as a framework, as well as nursing-care options for patients undergoing partial or radical nephrectomy.
Increasing Hepatitis C Screening in a Federally Qualified Health Center: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Klein Melissa D. , Harrington Bryna J. , East Joan , Cunningham Jennifer , Ifill Nicole , Santos Jan Lee 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a chronic infection that can lead to severe liver damage if left untreated. With increased availability and affordability of curative treatments, screening for HCV has become an important first step in reducing morbidity and mortality. At a rural federally qualified health center in North Carolina, two quality improvement initiatives—an electronic health record (EHR) prompt and educational flyers—were implemented to improve HCV screening rates. We compared the proportion of eligible patients born from 1945 to 1965 who received HCV screening before, during, and after the initiatives. HCV screening rates were highest during the two initiatives (30% and 39%, respectively). Screening rates fell in the 6-month period after the initiatives' conclusion (12%) but remained higher than at baseline (6%). Although HCV screening can increase with simple interventions, more durable solutions are needed to maintain screening coverage.
Why Competency Standardization Matters for Improvement: An Assessment of the Healthcare Quality Workforce
Authors: Miltner Rebecca , Pesch Lucie , Mercado Stephanie , Dammrich Thomas , Stafford Terry , Hunter Jaclyn , Stewart Glenda 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Healthcare transformation requires a healthcare quality workforce with the requisite expertise to lead, oversee, and implement positive change within healthcare organizations. The National Association for Healthcare Quality (NAHQ) Competency Framework, which spans 29 competencies across 8 domains of healthcare quality, outlines the specific knowledge and skills needed to advance personal and organizational quality goals. This study describes 1,671 responses to the NAHQ Professional Assessment survey from a diverse group of healthcare quality professionals representative of NAHQ's professional community. Results show that two-thirds of respondents indicated they are working in 4 or more competency domains, with 85% reporting working in Performance and Process Improvement. Results also indicate that individuals who hold the Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality (CPHQ) certification perform work at more advanced levels across all eight domains of the competency framework. This was statistically significant for 13 of the 29 competencies including all three competency statements within the Performance and Process Improvement domain. Healthcare organizations need a workforce with specialized quality and safety expertise to advance quality goals, and this study suggests that those who invest in continued professional development by attaining the CPHQ certification may be better positioned to contribute meaningfully to advance these goals and improve organizational outcomes.
Methylene Blue
Authors: Pushparajah Mak Renita S. , Liebelt Erica L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Methylene blue has been in medicinal use for centuries and is best known as an antidotal treatment for acquired methemoglobinemia (MetHB). More recently, methylene blue has gained recognition for its efficacious use in the treatment of ifosfamide neurotoxicity and refractory vasoplegic shock in both the pediatric and adult critical care literature, extending its use beyond MetHB. Methylene blue’s mechanism of action is somewhat complex and based partly on its oxidizing capabilities, ironically the same mechanism that causes MetHB. This review will examine methylene blue’s use in the treatment of acquired MetHB and ifosfamide neurotoxicity and review the current literature regarding its role in critically ill pediatric and adult patients with refractory vasoplegic shock. Methylene blue’s pharmacologic actions, dosing, and adverse effects will also be discussed.
Inferring Transmission Fitness Advantage of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Wastewater Using Digital PCR
Authors: Caduff Lea , Dreifuss David , Schindler Tobias , Devaux Alexander J. , Ganesanandamoorthy Pravin , Kull Anina , Stachler Elyse , Fernandez-Cassi Xavier , Beerenwinkel Niko , Kohn Tamar , Ort Christoph , Julian Timothy R. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThroughout the global COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants of concern (VOCs) have repeatedly and independently arisen. VOCs are characterized by increased transmissibility, increased virulence, or reduced neutralization by antibodies obtained from prior infection or vaccination. Tracking the introduction and transmission of VOCs relies on sequencing, typically whole-genome sequencing of clinical samples. Wastewater surveillance is increasingly used to track the introduction and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants through sequencing approaches. Here, we adapt and apply a rapid, high-throughput method for detection and quantification of the frequency of two deletions characteristic of the B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1 VOCs in wastewater. We further develop a statistical approach to analyze temporal dynamics in drop-off RT-dPCR assay data to quantify transmission fitness advantage, providing data similar to that obtained from clinical samples. Digital PCR assays targeting signature mutations in wastewater offer near real-time monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs and potentially earlier detection and inference on transmission fitness advantage than clinical sequencing.
Symptomatology associated with the diffusion of the SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant in Peru: An infodemiologic analysis
Authors: Henry Brandon Michael , de Oliveira Maria Helena Santos , de Oliveira Thaís Barbosa , Notarte Kin Israel , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) Lambda variant rapidly diffused across Peru following its identification in December 2020, and had now spread worldwide. In this study, we investigated infodemiologic trends in symptomatology associated with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) following the spread of SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant in Peru, enabling infodemiologic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in regions with high circulation of this new variant. Weekly Google Trends scores were obtained for key symptom keywords between March 1st, 2020 and July 4th, 2021, whilst case count data were obtained from Peruvian Ministry of Health. Multiple time series linear regression was used to assess trends in each score series, using the week of December 27th as cutoff for emergence of the Lambda variant. The significance of such trends was tested for each time period, before and after the cutoff date. A total 2,075,484 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in Peru in relation to Google Trends data were analyzed. After Lambda variant emergence, searches for “diarrhea” demonstrated a change from a negative to positive correlation with weekly case counts and anticipated dynamic changes in case counts by 1-5 weeks. Searches for “shortness of breath” and “headache” remained consistently positively correlated to weekly case counts before and after Lambda emergence. No changes in searches for other common cold symptoms were observed, while no specific trends were observed for “taste loss” or “smell loss”. Diarrhea, headache, and shortness of breath appear to be the most important symptoms for infodemiologic tracking the current outbreak in Peru and other regions with high circulation of SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant.
Identifying Online Advice-Seekers for Recovering from Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Garcia Gian-Gabriel P. , Dehghanpoor Ramin , Stringfellow Erin J. , Gupta Marichi , Rochelle Jillian , Mason Elizabeth , Pujol Toyya A. , Jalali Mohammad S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundOnline communities can provide social support for those recovering from opioid use disorder. However, advice-seekers on these platforms risk exposure to uncurated medical advice, potentially harming their health or recovery efforts. The objective of this analysis is to combine text annotation, social network analysis, and statistical modeling to identify advice-seekers on online social media for buprenorphine-naloxone use and study their characteristics.MethodsWe collected 5,258 posts and their comments from Reddit between 2014 and 2019. Among 202 posts which met our inclusion criteria, we annotated each post to determine which were advice-seeking (n=137) and not advice-seeking (n=65). We also annotated each posting user’s medication use stage and quantified their connectedness using social network analysis. In order to analyze the relationship between advice-seeking with a user’s social connectivity and medication use stage, we constructed four models which varied in explanatory variables.ResultsThe stepwise model (containing “total degree” (P=0.002), “using: inducting/tapering” (P<0.001), and “using: other” (P=0.01) as significant explanatory variables) outperformed all other models. We found that users with fewer connections and who are currently using buprenorphine-naloxone are more likely to seek advice than users who are well-connected and no longer using the medication, respectively. Importantly, advice-seeking behavior is most accurately predicted using a combination of network characteristics and medication use status, rather than either factor alone.ConclusionsOur findings provide insights for the clinical care of people recovering from opioid use disorder and the nature of online medical advice-seeking overall. Clinicians should be especially attentive (e.g., through frequent follow-up) to patients who are inducting or tapering buprenorphine-naloxone or signal limited social support.
Prediction of vaccine efficacy of the Delta variant
Authors: Chen Xinhua , Azman Andrew S. , Lu Wanying , Sun Ruijia , Zheng Nan , Ge Shijia , Deng Xiaowei , Yang Juan , Leung Daniel T. , Yu Hongjie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants have raised concerns over the protective efficacy of the current generation of vaccines, and it remains unclear to what extent, if any, different variants impact the efficacy and effectiveness of various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We systematically searched for studies of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness, as well as neutralization data for variants, and used a previously published statistical model to predict vaccine efficacy against variants. Overall, we estimate the efficacy of mRNA-1273 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 against infection caused by the Delta variant to be 25-50% lower than that of prototype strains. The predicted efficacy against symptomatic illness of the mRNA vaccines BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 are 95.1% (UI: 88.4-98.1%) and 80.8% (60.7-92.3%), respectively, which are higher than that of adenovirus-vector vaccines Ad26.COV2.S (44.8%, UI: 29.8-60.1%) and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (41.1%, 19.8-62.8%). Taken together, these results suggest that the development of more effective vaccine strategies against the Delta variant may be needed. Finally, the use of neutralizing antibody titers to predict efficacy against variants provides an additional tool for public health decision making, as new variants continue to emerge.
A thalamo-centric neural signature for restructuring negative self-beliefs
Authors: Steward Trevor , Kung Po-Han , Davey Christopher G. , Moffat Bradford A. , Glarin Rebecca K. , Jamieson Alec J. , Felmingham Kim L. , Harrison Ben J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNegative self-beliefs are a core feature of psychopathology. Despite this, we have a limited understanding of the brain mechanisms by which negative self-beliefs are cognitively restructured. Using a novel paradigm, we had participants use Socratic questioning techniques to restructure self-beliefs during ultra-high resolution 7-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging (UHF fMRI) scanning. Cognitive restructuring elicited prominent activation in a fronto-striato-thalamic circuit, including the mediodorsal thalamus (MD), a group of deep subcortical nuclei believed to synchronize and integrate prefrontal cortex activity, but which has seldom been directly examined with fMRI due to its small size. Increased activity was also identified in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), a region consistently activated by internally focused mental processing, as well as in lateral prefrontal regions associated with regulating emotional reactivity. Using Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM), evidence was found to support the MD as having a strong excitatory effect on the activity of regions within the broader network mediating cognitive restructuring. Moreover, the degree to which participants modulated MPFC-to-MD effective connectivity during cognitive restructuring predicted their individual tendency to engage in repetitive negative thinking. Our findings represent a major shift from a cortico-centric framework of cognition and provide important mechanistic insights into how the MD facilitates key processes in cognitive interventions for common psychiatric disorders. In addition to relaying integrative information across basal ganglia and the cortex, we propose a multifaceted role for the MD whose broad excitatory pathways act to increase synchrony between cortical regions to sustain complex mental representations, including the self.