bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosome-Mediated eCIRP Release From Macrophages to Induce Inflammation in Sepsis
Authors: Murao Atsushi , Tan Chuyi , Jha Alok , Wang Ping , Aziz Monowar 
Published: December 2021

Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is an important damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). Despite our understanding of the potentially harmful effects of eCIRP in sepsis, how eCIRP is released from cells remains elusive. Exosomes are endosome-derived extracellular vesicles, which carry proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to facilitate intercellular communication and several extracellular functions. We hypothesized that eCIRP is released via exosomes to induce inflammation in sepsis. Exosomes isolated from the supernatants of LPS-treated macrophage culture and serum of endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis mice showed high purity, as revealed by their unique median sizes ranging between 70 and 126 nm in diameter. eCIRP levels of the exosomes were significantly increased after LPS treatment in the supernatants of macrophage culture, mouse serum, and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis mouse serum. Protease protection assay demonstrated the majority of eCIRP was present on the surface of exosomes. Treatment of WT macrophages and mice with exosomes isolated from LPS-treated WT mice serum increased TNFα and IL-6 production. However, treatment with CIRP−/- mice serum exosomes significantly decreased these levels compared with WT exosome-treated conditions. CIRP−/- mice serum exosomes significantly decreased neutrophil migration in vitro compared with WT exosomes. Treatment of mice with serum exosomes isolated from CIRP−/- mice significantly reduced neutrophil infiltration into the peritoneal cavity. Our data suggest that eCIRP can be released via exosomes to induce cytokine production and neutrophil migration. Thus, exosomal eCIRP could be a potential target to inhibit inflammation.
Thirty Years in Silicon Photonics: A Personal View
Authors: Pavesi Lorenzo 
Published: December 2021

Silicon Photonics, the technology where optical devices are fabricated by the mainstream microelectronic processing technology, was proposed almost 30 years ago. I joined this research field at its start. Initially, I concentrated on the main issue of the lack of a silicon laser. Room temperature visible emission from porous silicon first, and from silicon nanocrystals then, showed that optical gain is possible in low-dimensional silicon, but it is severely counterbalanced by nonlinear losses due to free carriers. Then, most of my research focus was on systems where photons show novel features such as Zener tunneling or Anderson localization. Here, the game was to engineer suitable dielectric environments (e.g., one-dimensional photonic crystals or waveguide-based microring resonators) to control photon propagation. Applications of low-dimensional silicon raised up in sensing (e.g., gas-sensing or bio-sensing) and photovoltaics. Interestingly, microring resonators emerged as the fundamental device for integrated photonic circuit since they allow studying the hermitian and non-hermitian physics of light propagation as well as demonstrating on-chip heavily integrated optical networks for reconfigurable switching applications or neural networks for optical signal processing. Finally, I witnessed the emergence of quantum photonic devices, where linear and nonlinear optical effects generate quantum states of light. Here, quantum random number generators or heralded single-photon sources are enabled by silicon photonics. All these developments are discussed in this review by following my own research path.
Predictors of Psychological Distress and Coronavirus Fears in the First Recovery Phase of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Germany
Authors: Biermann Miriam , Vonderlin Ruben , Mier Daniela , Witthöft Michael , Bailer Josef 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: While previous research has mainly focused on the impact of the first acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, little empirical knowledge exists about depression, anxiety, and somatic symptom levels and possible predictors of symptom levels in the pandemic’s recovery phase. The present study aimed to analyze the mental burden of a convenience ample of the general German population during the first recovery phase of the pandemic and to identify significant predictors of symptom levels.Methods: Standardized measures of anxiety (GAD-2), depression (PHQ-2), somatic symptoms (PHQ-15), and health anxiety, as well as measures of COVID-19 fears and possible vulnerability factors, were administered through a national, cross-sectional online survey (n = 2160, mean age 42.7 years, 75% female), asking participants for their current symptom levels and their symptom levels prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: Our findings show significantly elevated levels of depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, and health anxiety in the recovery period compared to before the pandemic. The current prevalence rates based on self-reporting were 26.7% for depression, 24.5% for anxiety, and 29% for somatization. The strongest predictors of these symptom reports included domain-specific pre-existing symptom levels, neuroticism, biological COVID-19 risk factors, avoidance of illness information, and younger age. The most important predictors of COVID-19 fears were subjective COVID-19 risk perception, followed by pre-existing health anxiety, the number of biological COVID-19 risk factors, older age, neuroticism, avoidance of illness information and female gender.Discussion: These findings indicate the need for specific psychological programs to help individuals with enhanced psychological and biological vulnerability to cope better with the mental distress experienced during all phases of the ongoing COVID-19 crisis.
Efficacy and Safety of Fusion Imaging in Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Compared to Ultrasound: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jie Tao , Guoying Feng , Gang Tang , Zhengrong Shi , Maoping Li 
Published: December 2021

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), generally performed under real-time guidance of ultrasound which is safe and effective, is a common minimally invasive therapy for treating hepatocellular carcinoma. Fusion imaging (FI) is a newly developed imaging method, which integrates CT/MRI accurate imaging and matches the characteristics of real-time ultrasound imaging, thereby providing a new approach to guide tumor ablation therapy. However, the efficacy and safety of FI as opposed to ultrasound in tumor ablation remains unclear.Objective: The present study sought to evaluate the difference in the efficacy and safety between FI and ultrasound in radiofrequency surgery for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma through a metaanalysis.Materials and Methods: Searching for studies comparing the efficacy and safety of FI and ultrasound in radiofrequency of hepatocellular carcinoma in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for articles published until April 2021. Random or fixed effect models were used for statistical analysis. Metaanalysis and sensitivity analysis were used on the included studies.Results: A total of six studies met predefined inclusion criteria, and were finally included in the analysis. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses, based on predetermined patient characteristics, allowed minimization of bias. In the RFA of hepatocellular carcinoma, FI decreased 1-year overall survival (OS) when compared with ultrasound. But FI was not significantly different from ultrasound in terms of technical efficiency, 1-, 2-, and 3-year local tumor progression (LTP), complications, as well as 2-year OS. Subgroup analysis, based on tumor mean diameter, showed that FI reduced the rate of 1- and 2-year LTP in patients with tumors of mean diameter ≥15 mm when compared with ultrasound. Moreover, operative complications could be reduced in patients with tumor mean diameter &lt;15 mm using FI, compared with ultrasound.Conclusion: Overall, these results showed that FI may have some effects on improving efficacy and safety of thermal ablation in HCC patients, relative to ultrasound. However, it may be a more effective method for managing large lesions, as well as those that are difficult to ablate. Further large-scale and well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings.
Entropy Optimized Second Grade Fluid with MHD and Marangoni Convection Impacts: An Intelligent Neuro-Computing Paradigm
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad , Tabassum Rafia , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Raja Muhammad Asif Zahoor , Rafiq Ayesha , Khan Muhammad Ijaz , Jamshed Wasim , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem , Yahia I. S. , E. Mahmoud Emad 
Published: December 2021

Artificial intelligence applications based on soft computing and machine learning algorithms have recently become the focus of researchers’ attention due to their robustness, precise modeling, simulation, and efficient assessment. The presented work aims to provide an innovative application of Levenberg Marquardt Technique with Artificial Back Propagated Neural Networks (LMT-ABPNN) to examine the entropy generation in Marangoni convection Magnetohydrodynamic Second Grade Fluidic flow model (MHD-SGFM) with Joule heating and dissipation impact. The PDEs describing MHD-SGFM are reduced into ODEs by appropriate transformation. The dataset is determined through Homotopy Analysis Method by the variation of physical parameters for all scenarios of proposed LMT-ABPNN. The reference data samples for training/validation/testing processes are utilized as targets to determine the approximated solution of proposed LMT-ABPNN. The performance of LMT-ABPNN is validated by MSE based fitness, error histogram scrutiny, and regression analysis. Furthermore, the influence of pertinent parameters on temperature, concentration, velocity, entropy generation, and Bejan number is also deliberated. The study reveals that the larger β and Ma, the higher f′(η) while M has the reverse influence on f′(η). For higher values of β, M, Ma, and Ec, θ(η) boosts. The concentration ϕ(η) drops as Ma and Sc grow. An augmentation is noticed for NG for higher estimations of β,M, and Br. Larger β,M and Br decays the Bejan number.
Pharmacological Investigations in Traditional Utilization of Alhagi maurorum Medik. in Saharan Algeria: In Vitro Study of Anti-Inflammatory and Antihyperglycemic Activities of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides Extracted from the Seeds
Authors: Chakou Fatma Zohra , Boual Zakaria , Hadj Mohamed Didi Ould El , Belkhalfa Hakim , Bachari Khaldoun , El Alaoui-Talibi Zainab , El Modafar Cherkaoui , Hadjkacem Farah , Fendri Imen , Abdelkafi Slim , Traïkia Mounir , Cerf Didier Le , Dubessay Pascal , Delattre Cédric , Pierre Guillaume , Michaud Philippe 
Published: December 2021

The anti-inflammatory and antihyperglycemic effects of polysaccharides extracted from Alhagi maurorum Medik. seeds, spontaneous shrub collected in Southern of Algerian Sahara were investigated. Their water extraction followed by alcoholic precipitation was conducted to obtain two water-soluble polysaccharides extracts (WSPAM1 and WSPAM2). They were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, 1H/13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Size Exclusion Chromatography coupled with Multi-Angle Light Scattering. The capacity of those fractions to inhibit α-amylase activity and thermally induced Bovine Serum Albumin denaturation were also investigated. WSPAM1 and WSPAM2 were galactomannans with a mannose/galactose ratio of 2.2 and 2.4, respectively. The SEC-MALLS analysis revealed that WSPAM1 had a molecular weight of 1.4 × 106 Da. The investigations highlighted antinflammatory and antihyperglycemic effects in a dose-dependant manner of WSPAM1 and WSPAM2.
The experimental rationale for new bleomycin-polidocanol mini-foam administration in the treatment of children with head and neck venous malformations
Authors: Voznitsyn L. V. , Topolnitsky O. Z. , Yermukhanova G. T. 
Published: December 2021

Relevance. Venous malformation (VM) is an abnormal development of the collecting blood vessels based on the vascular wall formation disorder, which occurs during the peripheral vascular network differentiation. According to various sources, VM prevalence ranges from 1 to 2 in 10 000 newborns. Head and neck VMs significantly reduce patients’ quality of life, causing severe functional and aesthetic impairments. Sclerotherapy is an effective treatment method for children with venous malformations. In recent years, bleomycin has been the most commonly used sclerosant. It is a glycopeptide antibiotic synthesized by Streptomyces verticillus and belongs to cytostatic medications. They successfully use it for venous malformations sclerotherapy, also in children. Purpose – the study aimed to improve the sclerotherapy method by combining the advantages of foam sclerotherapy and bleomycin.Materials and methods. 48 samples of rats’ external femoral veins were morphologically examined. We divided the rats into 2 groups depending on the administrated agent: the first group – 3% polidocanol (lauromacrogol 400), the second group – bleomycin-polidocanol mini-foam composition. The histological assessment identified the changes in the vein endothelium, necrosis of tissue structures, cell dystrophy characteristics.Results. The first group, which used the bleomycin-polidocanol mini-foam composition, demonstrated more pronounced irreversible changes in the venous vessel endothelium compared to the second group.Conclusions. The experimental study revealed that the proposed method of VM sclerotherapy using new bleomycin-polidocanol mini-foam composition is more effective than the polidocanol foam sclerotherapy. The new method is highly effective, minimally invasive, safe and can be considered an independent treatment method in children with head and neck VM.
Comparative effectiveness research of two glass ionomer cements for primary molar fissure sealing
Authors: Shkhagosheva A. A. , Fursik D. I. , Kamennova T. N. , Maslak E. E. 
Published: December 2021

Relevance. A glass ionomer cement (GIC) is the material for primary teeth fissure sealing in children. The research aimed to study the comparative effectiveness of two GIC pit and fissure sealants in primary molars.Materials and methods. Sixty-one children aged 2-5 years (mean 26.99 ± 0.55 months) participated in the study after obtaining the Local Ethical Committee’s permission and the parents’ informed consents. Non-invasive fissure sealing in primary molars was performed according to split-mouth design with two GIC: Fujy-9, GC, Japan (109 teeth, FV-group) and Polyakrilin, TehnoDent, Russia (106 teeth, PV-group). Follow-ups were provided after 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Complete retention, partial retention or complete loss (%) of the sealants and the frequency (%) of fissure caries development were calculated. The chi-square criterion was used to assess the significance of the differences between the groups at p-value < 0.05.Results. In 6 and 12 months, all the cases demonstrated complete or partial sealant retention and the absence of pit and fissure caries. The following results were found after 24 months: complete GIC retention in 8.6% of molars in FV-group and 1.9% in PV-group, (p < 0.05), partial retention – 78.8% and 79.0% (p > 0.05) respectively, complete loss – 6.7% and 11.4% respectively (p > 0,05). Fissure carious lesions were found only after 18 and 24 months in 2.8% cases in FV-group and 3.8% cases in PV-group, p > 0,05.Conclusions. Both studied GICs for non-invasive primary molar fissure sealing were equally highly effective for pit and fissure caries prevention in children. Annual follow-ups in children are necessary for GIC sealant repair.
Prevention of inflammatory changes in the denture-bearing mucous membrane
Authors: Peremyshlenko A. S. , Iordanishvili A. K. , Mushegyan P. A. , Sirak A. G. , Dolgalev A. A. 
Published: December 2021

Relevance. Advanced clinical and cytological studies have not been conducted yet to examine denture adhesive effect on the prevention of inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed, and thus, the prevention of denture-related stomatitis. Purpose: to assess the clinical and functional condition of the oral mucosa beneath the denture during the adaptation period using a denture adhesive cream to prevent inflammation of the denture bed mucous membrane.Materials and methods. The study clinically and cytologically (washing, scraping) assessed the condition of oral mucosa beneath complete acrylic dentures on days 14-16 and 28-30 of the adaptation period in 15 fully edentulous patients (main group), who used an adhesive cream after they were delivered their dentures, and in 21 fully edentulous patients (control group) who did not use the cream during the denture adaptation period. All the patients were elderly.Results. At different times of the adaptation period, the study more frequently detected inflammatory changes in the denture-bearing mucosa in subjects who did not use the denture adhesive cream. The cytological study confirmed the results of the oral clinical examination, as, at the end of the adaptation period, the number of cellular elements and various microorganisms was significantly lower in the main group than in the controls, which proved the effectiveness of the denture adhesive cream for the prevention of denture stomatitis.Conclusions. Regardless of sex, patients with complete acrylic dentures, who used a denture adhesive cream, had a lower bacterial accumulation on the prosthetic bed and inflammatory changes during the adaptation period, which allowed us to recommend the adhesive cream for the prevention of denture stomatitis.
Co powiedziały mi skarpetki... wzór bohatera literackiego w prozie Justyny Bednarek
Authors: Ungeheuer-Gołąb Alicja Anna 
Published: December 2021

Tekst dotyczy twórczości dla dzieci współczesnej polskiej pisarki – Justyny Bednarek. Badaczka zajęła się dwoma pierwszymi częściami cyklu o skarpetkach [część I: Niesamowite przygody 10 skarpetek (czterech prawych i sześciu lewych) – 2015; część II: Nowe przygody skarpetek (jeszcze bardziej niesamowite) – 2017]. Podstawowym tematem jest ukazanie wzoru nowego bohatera literackiego w twórczości pisarki poprzez wyłonienie istotnych „prawd życiowych” reprezentowanych przez postaci skarpetek. Badaczka nawiązuje do refleksji nad przedmiotami w literaturze dziecięcej. Poszukuje kontekstów w pedagogice, psychoanalizie i kulturze. Stara się odkryć świat rzeczy pokazany w utworze poprzez losy poddanych personifikacji, tytułowych bohaterek. Interpretuje postać skarpetki, stworzonej przez Bednarek, widząc w niej wzór kulturowy dla współczesnych czytelników dziecięcych.
Paracetamol safety in COVID-19
Authors: Romanov B. K. 
Published: December 2021

The relevance of paracetamol safety assessment is associated with broad recommendations for its use as a symptomatic agent in COVID-19 and an agent for adverse events following vaccination to prevent COVID-19.Objectives. Conducting a review of global paracetamol safety data during the initial period of COVID-19 pandemic (in 2020 and in the first half of 2021).Materials and methods. 2,356 scientific articles and their abstracts on paracetamol safety in electronic libraries; data on 2,272 clinical trials of paracetamol in ClinicalTrials.gov and the State Register of Medicines of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 173,707 individual reports of adverse drugs reactions of paracetamol in the international pharmacovigilance database VigiBase. The data were evaluated by statistical methods in the VigiLyze analytical system (authorized expert access).Results. No publications and completed clinical trials were found on the safety issue of paracetamol use in COVID-19. During the initial period of COVID-19 pandemic (from January 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021), the number of reports of paracetamol safety issues included in VigiBase decreased by 22,1%, which may be due to a decrease in the number of specialists sending reports on safety, with an increase of their duties and with a switching attention of these specialists and patients to other problems associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. No changes have been identified in the sources of safety data and trade names for paracetamol medicinal products. It has been established that the main part (99,4% of cases) of side effects associated with paracetamol develops outside the use of vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Pre-COVID and COVID data include information on 2,692 and 2,527 names of various paracetamol safety concerns, respectively. These data overlap the list of side effects specified in instructions for medical use and include new symptoms not described in instructions for medical use.Conclusions. The lack of safety signals may be due to the lack of alertness of specialists and marketing authorization holders regarding paracetamol. During the COVID period, the structure and frequency of paracetamol safety concerns codified in terms of MedDRA (version 24.0) have changed, which can be studied in future studies of paracetamol, ibuprofen and other medicinal products.
The Hebb repetition effect in complex span tasks: Evidence for a shared learning mechanism with simple span tasks
Authors: Araya Claudia , Oberauer Klaus , Saito Satoru 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Hebb repetition effect on serial-recall task refers to the improvement in the accuracy of recall of a repeated list (e.g., repeated in every 3 trials) over random non-repeated lists. Previous research has shown that both temporal position and neighboring items need to be the same on each repetition list for the Hebb repetition effect to occur, suggesting chunking as one of its underlying mechanisms. Accordingly, one can expect absence of the Hebb repetition effect in a complex span task, given that the sequence is interrupted by distractors. Nevertheless, one study by Oberauer, Jones, and Lewandowsky (2015, Memory & Cognition, 43[6], 852–865) showed evidence of the Hebb repetition effect in a complex span task. Throughout four experiments, we confirmed the Hebb repetition effect in complex span tasks, even when we included distractors in both encoding and recall phases to avoid any resemblance to a simple span task and minimized the possibility of chunking. Results showed that the Hebb repetition effect was not affected by the distractors during encoding and recall. A transfer cycle analysis showed that the long-term knowledge acquired in the complex span task can be transferred to a simple span task. These findings provide the first insights on the mechanism behind the Hebb repetition effect in complex span tasks; it is at least partially based on the same mechanism that improves recall performance by repetition in simple span tasks.