bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kesadahan Air Minum dengan Kadar Kalsium Urin dan Keluhan Kesehatan pada Masyarakat Samaran Barat Desa Samaran Sampang
Authors: Sa'adah Ulfa Lailatus , Mukono J , Sulistyorini Lilis , Setioningrum Rica Naudita Krisna 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Delapan bulan terakhir pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 19 kasus penyakit batu saluran kemih ditemukan di Kabupaten Sampang. Peneliti melakukan studi pendahuluan pada Januari 2020, ditemukan empat kasus batu saluran kemih di masyarakat Samaran Barat. Daerah penelitian ini merupakan perbukitan kapur sehingga kesadahan air sumur tinggi, dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan.Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis hubungan kesadahan air minum dengan kadar kalsium urin dan keluhan kesehatan pada masyarakat Samaran Barat.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi analitik cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Dukuh Samaran Barat, Desa Samaran, Kecamatan Tambelangan, Kabupaten Sampang. Populasi penelitian adalah penduduk Dukuh Samaran Barat yang berjumlah 50 orang, dengan sampel 34 responden. Sampel yang diambil menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Variabel penelitian meliputi kesadahan air minum sumur gali, kadar kalsium urin responden dan keluhan kesehatannya. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode uji statsitik Chi-squareHasil: Hasil analisis data didapatkan bahwa kesadahan air minum tidak berhubungan dengan kadar kalsium urin (p = 0,945), dan kadar kalsium urin tidak berhubungan dengan keluhan kesehatan, keluhan mual (p = 0,07), keluhan muntah (p = 1,00), keluhan demam (p = 1,00), nyeri pinggang (p = 1,00), dan keluhan nyeri kemih pada saat buang air kecil (p = 0,143).Kesimpulan: Kesadahan air minum dan kadar kalsium urin tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan. Namun kadar rata-rata kalsium urin responden sebesar 17,6 mg/dL. Kadar tersebut terkumpul dalam waktu lama dan menjadi penyebab awal gejala penyakit batu saluran kemih. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar kalsium urin dengan keluhan kesehatan. Keluhan akan muncul setelah terjadi sumbatan (obstruksi), infeksi ataupun kombinasi keduanya.Kata kunci: kesadahan air minum, kadar kalsium urin, keluhan kesehatan
A Clinical Risk Model for Surgical Site Infection Following Pediatric Spine Deformity Surgery
Authors: Matsumoto Hiroko , Larson Elaine L. , Warren Shay I. , Hammoor Bradley T. , Bonsignore-Opp Lisa , Troy Michael J. , Barrett Kody K. , Striano Brendan M. , Li Gen , Terry Mary Beth , Roye Benjamin D. , Lenke Lawrence G. , Skaggs David L. , Glotzbecker Michael P. , Flynn John M. , Roye David P. , Vitale Michael G. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Despite tremendous efforts, the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) following the surgical treatment of pediatric spinal deformity remains a concern. Although previous studies have reported some risk factors for SSI, these studies have been limited by not being able to investigate multiple risk factors at the same time. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a wide range of preoperative and intraoperative factors in predicting SSI and to develop and validate a prediction model that quantifies the risk of SSI for individual pediatric spinal deformity patients.

Methods:
Pediatric patients with spinal deformity who underwent primary, revision, or definitive spinal fusion at 1 of 7 institutions were included. Candidate predictors were known preoperatively and were not modifiable in most cases; these included 31 patient, 12 surgical, and 4 hospital factors. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition of SSI within 90 days of surgery was utilized. Following multiple imputation and multicollinearity testing, predictor selection was conducted with use of logistic regression to develop multiple models. The data set was randomly split into training and testing sets, and fivefold cross-validation was performed to compare discrimination, calibration, and overfitting of each model and to determine the final model. A risk probability calculator and a mobile device application were developed from the model in order to calculate the probability of SSI in individual patients.

Results:
A total of 3,092 spinal deformity surgeries were included, in which there were 132 cases of SSI (4.3%). The final model achieved adequate discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.76), as well as calibration and no overfitting. Predictors included in the model were nonambulatory status, neuromuscular etiology, pelvic instrumentation, procedure time ≥7 hours, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade >2, revision procedure, hospital spine surgical cases <100/year, abnormal hemoglobin level, and overweight or obese body mass index.

Conclusions:
The risk probability calculator encompassing patient, surgical, and hospital factors developed in the present study predicts the probability of 90-day SSI in pediatric spinal deformity surgery. This validated calculator can be utilized to improve informed consent and shared decision-making and may allow the deployment of additional resources and strategies selectively in high-risk patients.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A New Higher Order Displacement Discontinuity Method Based on the Joint Element for Analysis of Close-Spacing Planar Fractures
Authors: Li Jiawei , Liu Yongzan , Wu Kan 
Published: December 2021

Summary
The 2D displacement discontinuity method (DDM) has been widely used to characterize the hydraulic fracture geometry and the induced in-situ stresses in the oil and gas industry owing to its simplicity and accuracy. As smaller fracture spacing is used by multistage fracturing, the constant DDM (CDDM) loses its accuracy in predicting the fracture behaviors, especially for the inner fractures in a stage where they are subjected to the strong stress shadowing effect. In this paper, the 2D higher order DDM (HDDM) based on the joint elements was developed to overcome this limitation. The higher order displacement discontinuity intensively increases the accuracy of CDDM but maintains the same amount of computation time by using patched-element pattern. The joint elements are introduced to simultaneously determine the opening, shearing, and closing of each fracture element based on the stress boundary condition, which can avoid the “negative width” of the inner fractures given by CDDM which are mechanically closed under the strong stress shadowing effect. The developed 2D joint element HDDM (JE-HDDM) gives the same results with the CDDM when the fracture spacing is relatively large, but shows its outperformance in both efficiency and accuracy over the CDDM in predicting the displacement discontinuities and induced in-situ stresses in close fracture-spacing case.
Bacterial communities in the polluted area of pyrite tailings: From the upstream, pollutant source, and to the downstream
Authors: Li Wenkai , Han Yun , Lei Hongwei , Zheng Tianlong , Lian Yiming , Gao Po 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pyrite tailings can cause serious pollution to the surface water as the strong acidity, high iron and sulfate concentration in the leachate. The bacterial communities of pyrite tailings polluted area were still unclear which could restrict the recognition of the pyrite tailings pollution effect and further impede the development of microbial or ecology treatment technologies. In this study, the bacterial communities in the polluted area of pyrite tailings, from the upstream, pollutant source, and to the downstream, were analyzed with Illumina HiSeq sequencing. Results showed that Acinetobacter and Flavobacterium were abundant in the water and sediment of upstream and downstream while Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Akkermansia were abundant in the pollutant source. Sulfur-metabolizing or iron-metabolizing bacteria extensively existed in the polluted area in which Acidiferrobacter, Ferrithrix, and Desulfovibrio played crucial roles on the whole communities. Sulfur-metabolizing bacteria (e.g. Thiomonas, Sulfurospirillum, and Desulfobulbus) and iron-metabolizing bacteria (e.g. Ferrimicrobium, Ferrithrix, and Ferrovum) were introduced to the river polluted by pyrite tailings. Pyrite tailings can remarkably change the physicochemical characteristics and bacterial communities of river water and sediment.
Electronic structure, Mechanical and Thermodynamic properties of CoYSb (Y= Cr, Mo, W) half-Heusler compounds as potential spintronic materials
Authors: Uto O. T. , Akinlami J. O. , Kenmoe S. , Adebayo G. A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We used Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the structural, electronic, magnetic, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of CoYSb (Y = Cr, Mo and W) compounds. These are XYZ type half-Heusler alloys, which also exist in the face centred cubic MgAgAs-type structure and conform to F¯43m space group. We computed these properties in three different atomic arrangements known as Type-I, Type-II and Type-III phases. In all these phases, the alloys were found to be in the ferromagnetic state. Furthermore, the calculated electronic band structure and the total electronic density of states indicated a metallic behaviour in CoWSb, nearly half-metallic in CoMoSb and half-metallic in CoCrSb, with a minority-spin band gap of 0.81 eV. Furthermore, the calculated mechanical properties predicted an anisotropic behaviour of these alloys in their stable phase. Finally, due to its high Debye temperature value, CoCrSb shows stronger covalent bonding than CoMoSb and CoWSb, respectively.
Temporal and Spatial Characterization of Sediment Bacterial Communities From Lake Wetlands in a Plain River Network Region
Authors: Huang Wei , Tu Chengqi , Jin Zhenghai , Yang Haoran , Lu Changyu , Dong Jiao , Wang Kun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sediment bacterial communities are a vital component of microbial communities in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and they play a critical role in lake wetlands. To investigate the effect of season, depth and regional environmental factors on the composition and diversity of bacterial communities in lake wetland sediments, the millions of Illumina reads (16S rRNA gene amplicons) from sediment bacterial communities in different seasons were examined using a technically consistent approach. Results from diversity index, relative abundance, principal component analysis (PCA), redundancy analysis (RDA) and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis indicated that the diversity of the bacterial community in summer was generally higher than in other seasons. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in the sediment samples in different seasons (43.15%–57.41%) and different layers (39.66%–77.97%); the autumn sediments were enriched with Firmicutes (5.67%) and Chloroflexi (12.5%); in all four seasons the sediments were enriched with Betaproteobacteria (14.98%–23.45%), Gammaproteobacteria (11.98%–14.36%) and Deltaproteobacteria (8.68%–14.45%). In the bottom sediments (10–25 cm) Chloroflexi were abundant (average value 10.42%), while Bacteroidetes was the dominant phylum in the surface sediments; and redundancy analysis found that total phosphorus (TP) (P = 0.036) was the main environmental factor influencing the sediment bacterial community in different layers. This study provides a reference for further understanding the effects of seasonal changes on sediment microorganisms in lake wetlands.
The Impact of Selenium on the Rhizosphere Microbiome of a Hyperaccumulation Plant Cardamine Violifolia
Authors: Guo Zisheng , Zhu Bin , Guo Jia , Wang Gongting , Li Meng , Yang Qiaoli , Wang Liping , Fei Yue , Wang Shiwei , Yu Tian , Sun Yanmei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cardamine violifolia is the only selenium hyperaccumulation plant found in China. It has been developed as a source of medicinal and edible products for selenium supplementation of human. It is essential to increase selenium content of C. violifolia for nutrient biofortification and many planting approaches have been developed to achieve this aim. However, the contribution of rhizosphere microbes of C. violifolia to the selenium enrichment has not been investigated. In this study, four types of selenium, i.e., selenate, selenite, nanoparticles element selenium from Bacillus subtilis, and organic selenium from yeast, was added to the soil for the growth of C. violifolia, respectively. Selenate had the highest accumulation in C. violifolia, following by selenite, B. subtilis-Se, and yeast-Se. Except for yeast-Se, the concentration of selenium in C. violifolia is positively correlated with the amount of selenium added in the soil. Furthermore, different exogenous selenium exhibited distinct effects on the rhizosphere microbiome of C. violifolia. Both Alpha diversity and Beta diversity analyses displayed that rhizosphere microbiome were more obviously affected by selenium from B. subtilis and yeast than that of selenate and selenite. Different microbial species were enriched in the rhizosphere of C. violifolia under various exogenous selenium treatments. B. subtilis-Se application enhanced the abundance of Leucobacter, Sporosarcina, Patulibacter, and Denitrobacter, and Yeast-Se application enriched the abundance of Singulishaera, Lactobacillus, Bdellovirio, and Bosea. Bosea and the taxon belonging to the order of Solirubrobacterales was enriched in the samples with selenite and selenite addition, respectively, and their abundance was linearly related to the concentration of selenate and selenite application in the rhizosphere of C. violifolia. In summary, this study revealed the response of the rhizosphere microbiome of C. violifolia to exogenous selenium and it is of help to develop suitable selenium fertilizers to increase selenium hyperaccumulation level of this plant.
Golgi structural defect impairs glycosaminoglycan synthesis, sulfation, and secretion
Authors: Ahat Erpan , Song Yuefan , Xia Ke , Reid Whitney , Li Jie , Bui Sarah , Zhang Fuming , Linhardt Robert J , Wang Yanzhuang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Synthesis of glycosaminoglycans such as heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) occurs in the lumen of the Golgi but the relationship between Golgi structural integrity and glycosaminoglycan synthesis is not clear. In this study, we disrupted the Golgi structure by knocking out GRASP55 and GRASP65 and determined its effect on the synthesis, sulfation, and secretion of HS and CS. We found that GRASP depletion increased HS synthesis while decreasing CS synthesis in cells, altered HS and CS sulfation, and reduced both HS and CS secretion. Using proteomics, RNA-seq and biochemical approaches, we identified EXTL3, a key enzyme in the HS synthesis pathway, whose level is upregulated in GRASP knockout cells; while GalNacT1, an essential CS synthesis enzyme, is robustly reduced. In addition, we found that GRASP depletion decreased HS sulfation via the reduction of PAPSS2, a bifunctional enzyme in HS sulfation. Our study provides the first evidence that Golgi structural defect may significantly alter the synthesis and secretion of glycosaminoglycans.
A Survey on the Influence of CYBATHLON on the Development and Acceptance of Advanced Assistive Technologies
Authors: Meyer Jan Thomas , Weber Selina , Jäger Lukas , Sigrist Roland , Gassert Roger , Lambercy Olivier 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Advanced assistive technologies (AAT) aim to exploit the vast potential of technological developments made in the past decades to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities. Combining complex robotic technologies with the unique needs of people with disabilities requires a strong focus on user-centered design to ensure that the AAT appropriately addresses the daily life struggles of target users. The CYBATHLON aims to promote this mindset by empowering the AAT target users (“pilots”) to compete on race tracks that represent daily life obstacles. The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of the CYABTHALON on AAT technology development, acceptance, and user involvement (i.e., application of user-centered design).Methods: With an online survey targetting the pilots and technical leads of teams preparing for the CYBATHLON 2020 Global Edition, we investigated to what extent the pilots were involved in device development and how this influences the perceived daily life usability of the showcased AAT. Furthermore, the effects of user-centered design variables on the individual race performances were analyzed.Results: A total of 81 responses from 35 pilots and 46 technical leads were collected in the two weeks prior to the event. Of all teams partaking in the included disciplines of the CYBATHLON 2020 Global Edition, 81.8% (36 of 44) were included in the study. User-centered design appeared to be a prevalent practice among the teams, as 85.7% of all pilots reported a certain level of involvement. However, only 25.5% of the pilots reported daily life usage, despite QUEST usability scores of both respondent groups showing moderate to high satisfaction with the respected AAT across all investigated disciplines. An explorative linear mixed model indicated that daily life usage (p < 0.05) and prolonged user involvement (e.g. more than 2 years, p < 0.001) have a significant positive effect on the race performance at the competition.Conclusions: We conclude that the CYBATHLON positively fullfills its conceptual goals of promoting active participation and inclusion of people with disabilities in the design and evaluation of AAT, thereby stimulating the development of promising novel technological solutions. Also, our data could underline the value of the competition as a benchmark, highlighting remaining usability limitations or technology adoption hurdles.
A survey on current practice of informed consent process in surgical specialties of a tertiary teaching hospital center: What is the state of play?
Authors: Vieira Ana Luísa , Infante Cândida , Santos Sérgio , Asseiro Mariana , Ferreira Celine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Informed consent is essential in current medical practice and should be a global standard to be sought at all instances when doctors interact with patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate compliance to the guidelines of the Portuguese health entity regarding the correct filling process of informed consent.
Methods
A prospective observational survey was conducted upon arrival of the patient at the operating room of a tertiary teaching hospital center in Portugal, in march 2021, to verify the presence of informed consent in the clinical process. A sample of 202 clinical files was randomly collected.
Results
Only 47% of the patients had the informed consent document in the clinic process and only 45% of the total clinical files had the informed consent signed by the patient. Merely 21.8% of the informed consents respected all the items recommended by the guidelines of the Portugal health entity. Most of the surgical informed consent (SIC) had only basic information and only a lower percentage had reports about the surgical procedure, information regarding the treatment, possible consequences of a missed treatment or complications and possible treatment alternatives. Those results didn’t conform to the standard regulations of the Portuguese health guidelines regarding SIC.
Conclusion
Even though improvements in SIC were attained in recent years, our study suggests that the implementation of SIC is still suboptimal in surgical practice. It is important to raise awareness for the obtention of SIC by the healthcare team, because complete information before an invasive procedure is an ethical requirement.
Levels And Distribution Characteristics of Microplastics In Water And Sediment of A Typical Shallow Lake In Northern China
Authors: Hu Ruonan , Hu Xiufeng , Wang Yu , Liu Wei , Wei Lihong , Guo Yiding , Fang Yanyan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), generally found in all environment matrices, have become a hot issue in the word. In this study, a typical shallow lake (Baiyangdian) in Northern China was selected, MPs (0.45 μm-5 mm) in different depth of the water and sediment samples were determined. The abundance of MPs in water samples was 1000-20000 items /m3 (9595 items /m3 in average) and 400-2200 items /kg (1023 items /kg in average) in sediment samples. Since the pollution abatement measures implemented, MPs visible to eyes are generally eliminated, the detected MPs in this study are mainly μm sizes with no more than 3-5 items being mm size for each collected sample. The main forms of MPs are fibrous and fragmented with components mainly being polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). MPs in the water at the garbage transfer station can be ranked as surface water < middle water < bottom water and the sediment contained obviously higher MP fragments indicating the history transferring of garbage can be a main cause of plastic deposition in this place. The content of fibrous MPs in surface water was high, and the fragments were found increasing with the depth of water. The southern area contained less MPs compared with the middle and north part of Baiyangdian lake due to the less human activities. The main sources of MPs in this area are the earlier residents' activities, the running of local plastic factories and the effluent from sewage treatment plant.