bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Atypical Meningioma Patients: A Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Song Dengpan , Xu Dingkang , Han Hongjie , Gao Qiang , Zhang Mingchu , Wang Fang , Wang Guoqing , Guo Fuyou 
Published: December 2021

Background and PurposeConsensus regarding the need for adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in patients with atypical meningiomas (AMs) is lacking. We compared the effects of adjuvant RT after surgery, gross total resection (GTR), and subtotal resection (STR) on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with AMs, respectively.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature published in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to February 1, 2021, to identify articles comparing the PFS and OS of patients receiving postoperative RT after surgery, GTR and STR.ResultsWe identified 2307 unique studies; 24 articles including 3078 patients met the inclusion criteria. The sensitivity analysis results showed that for patients undergoing undifferentiated surgical resection, adjuvant RT reduced tumor recurrence (HR=0.70, p&lt;0.0001) with no significant effect on survival (HR=0.89, p=0.49). Postoperative RT significantly increased PFS (HR=0.69, p=0.01) and OS (HR=0.55, p=0.007) in patients undergoing GTR. The same improvement was observed in patients undergoing STR plus RT (PFS: HR=0.41, p&lt;0.00001; OS: HR=0.47, p=0.01). A subgroup analysis of RT in patients undergoing GTR showed no change in PFS in patients undergoing Simpson grade I and II resection (HR=1.82, p=0.22) but significant improvement in patients undergoing Simpson grade III resection (HR=0.64, p=0.02).ConclusionRegardless of whether GTR or STR was performed, postoperative RT improved PFS and OS to varying degrees. Especially for patients undergoing Simpson grade III or IV resection, postoperative RT confers the benefits for recurrence and survival.
Screen Time and Bone Status in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
Authors: de Lamas Carmela , Sánchez-Pintos Paula , José de Castro María , Sáenz de Pipaon Miguel , Couce María Luz 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Technological advances over the last 2 decades have led to an increase in the time spent by children and youth engaged in screen-based activities, and growing recognition of deleterious effects on health. In this systematic review of cohort and cross-sectional studies, we assess current data on the relationship between screen time and bone status in children and teenagers.Methods: We searched PUBMED and SCOPUS databases for studies of children and adolescents that assessed screen time and bone status, determined by measuring bone mineral content or density, bone stiffness index, bone speed of sound, bone broadband ultrasound attenuation, or frame index. Searches were limited to studies published between 1900 and 2020, and performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The studies included were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale.Results: Ten cohort and cross-sectional studies including pediatric population were selected. The combined study population was 20,420 children/adolescents, of whom 18,444 participated in cross-sectional studies. Four studies assessed the effects of total screen time, seven the consequences of TV viewing time, and six the effects of recreational computer use on bone health. Our findings indicate an inverse association between total and weekly screen time and bone health in children and adolescents. In 57% of the studies included also a negative correlation between television viewing time and bone status was observed, while recreational computer time did not have a significant impact on bone health. According to the only four studies that included dietetic factors, no relevant differences were found between calcium intake and screen time or bone broadband ultrasound attenuation and bone speed of sound.Conclusions: Review of the literature of the past three decades provides strong support for comprehensive education of screen time on bone status. The findings of this systematic review support a negative association between screen time and bone status in children and adolescents, with a different impact when considering the different technological devices. As peak bone mass in adolescents is the strongest predictor of osteoporosis risk, strategies aimed at improving bone health should incorporate conscious use of digital technology.
Risk Factors for Fetal Death and Maternal AP Severity in Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy
Authors: Shi Xiaolei , Hu Yuepeng , Pu Na , Zhang Guofu , Zhang Jingzhu , Zhou Jing , Ye Bo , Li Gang , Ke Lu , Liu Yuxiu , Yang Qi , Tong Zhihui , Li Weiqin 
Published: December 2021

Background: Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is a rare but highly life-threatening gestational and perinatal disease.Objective: This study aimed to identify the risk factors for fetal death and acute pancreatitis severity.Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with acute pancreatitis in pregnancy in our center from January 1, 2012, to August 1, 2020, and classified them according to two clinical endpoints, fetal outcome and disease severity. The groups were examined and compared according to gestational week, etiology, gravidity and parity, complications in pre- and post-delivery, and medical history. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent risk factors for fetal death and acute pancreatitis severity.Results: Of the 90 enrolled patients, 28 (31.1%) had fetal death and 43 (47.8%) had severe acute pancreatitis. Logistic regression analysis showed that pre-delivery acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.5–22.4; p = 0.010) and gestational week (OR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.8–1.0; p = 0.011) were risk factors for fetal death. Gestation week (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1–1.3; p = 0.003) and fetal intrauterine death (OR, 5.9; 95% CI, 1.8–19.4; p = 0.003) were risk factors for severe acute pancreatitis.Conclusions: Pre-delivery acute respiratory distress syndrome and gestational week were independent risk factors for fetal death. Fetal intrauterine death and gestational week were independent risk factors for severe acute pancreatitis.
Application of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory to Ethiopian Cancer Patients
Authors: Wondie Yemataw , Hinz Andreas 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Fatigue is a frequent debilitating symptom associated with cancer. However, scientific data on cancer-related fatigue is scarce in developing nations. This work examines psychometric properties of the multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI-20) and analyzes the level of fatigue among Ethiopian patients with cancer in comparison with data from Germany.Methods: A sample of 256 patients with cancer drawn from a hospital in Ethiopia was examined with the MFI-20 and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). A comparative sample of 780 German patients with cancer served as the control.Results: The MFI-20 scales and total score showed acceptable reliability (α = 0.60–0.93) with a considerable convergent validity between MFI-20 and the EORTC QLQ-C30 fatigue scale (r = 0.67–0.75). The Ethiopian patients with cancer reported higher levels of fatigue than the German patients. Analyses of variance showed that Ethiopian patients with cancer who were illiterate, having advanced cancer, and those who did not receive either surgery or chemotherapy reported especially high levels of fatigue.Conclusion: The MFI-20 is a fairly reliable and valid instrument to be used with Amharic speaking patients with cancer. The high level of fatigue in these patients implies that appropriate cancer care is needed in developing countries.
What Drives Task Performance in Fluency Tasks in People With HIV?
Authors: Rofes Adrià , Sampedro Bárbara , Abusamra Lorena , Cañataro Paola , Jonkers Roel , Abusamra Valeria 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Fluency tasks require language (i.e., semantics, phonological output lexicon, and phonological assembly) and executive functions (i.e., inhibition; mental set shifting; updating, and monitoring). Little is known about whether people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are more impaired on a specific type of fluency task and what aspects of language and executive functions drive such performance.Aims: To understand (1) whether people with HIV are more impaired in animal, letter, or unconstrained fluency relative to a normative sample; (2) whether there exist differences between tasks relative to the total number of words; and (3) which aspects of executive function and language are involved in their performance.Methods: Data from animal, letter, and unconstrained fluency of 50 Spanish-speaking people with HIV were analyzed. The number of switches and mean cluster size for each task and 10 word properties (e.g., frequency, age of acquisition, length in graphemes) for each of the correct words were measured. A chi-square test was used to address Aim 1, linear mixed effects models for Aim 2, and random forests and conditional inference trees for Aim 3. The results were cross-validated with a normative sample.Results: People with HIV were not more impaired in animal, letter, or unconstrained fluency relative to a normative sample. People with HIV produced fewer words in letter fluency compared to animal and unconstrained fluency. In addition, they produced fewer words in animal fluency compared to unconstrained fluency. Number of switches emerged as the most important variable to predict the total number of correct words when considering the three tasks together and for each task separately. Word frequency was relevant to predict animal fluency, age of acquisition to predict letter fluency, and cluster size to predict unconstrained fluency. These results were cross-validated with the exception cluster size.Conclusion: People with HIV rely on language (phonological output lexicon, not necessarily semantics) and executive functioning (updating and monitoring) to produce words in fluency tasks. These results concur with the current literature. Future work may correlate fluency scores with other tests measuring language and executive functions or study other types of fluency tasks (e.g., action, cities, supermarket, and professions).
Bio-Psycho-Socio-Spirito-Cultural Factors of Burnout: A Systematic Narrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Listopad Ian W. , Michaelsen Maren M. , Werdecker Lena , Esch Tobias 
Published: December 2021

Background: Burnout is a widespread, multifactorial, and mainly psychological phenomenon. The pathogenesis of burnout is commonly described within the bio-psycho-social model of health and disease. Recent literature suggests that the phenomenon of burnout may be broader so that the three dimensions might not reflect the multifaceted and complex nature of the syndrome. Consequently, this review aims to identify the diversity of factors related to burnout, to define overarching categories based on these, and to clarify whether the bio-psycho-social model adequately describes the pathogenesis of burnout—holistically and sufficiently.Method: Five online databases (PubMed, PubPsych, PsychARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Google Scholar) were systematically searched using defined search terms to identify relevant studies. The publication date was set between January 1981 and November 2020. Based on the selected literature, we identified factors related to burnout. We aggregated these factors into a comprehensible list and assigned them to overarching categories. Then, we assigned the factors to the dimensions of an extended model of health and disease.Results: We identified a total of 40 burnout-related factors and 10 overarching categories. Our results show that in addition to biological, psychological, and socio-environmental factors, various factors that can be assigned to a spiritual and work cultural dimension also play an important role in the onset of burnout.Conclusion: An extended bio-psycho-socio-spirito-cultural model is necessary to describe the pathogenesis of burnout. Therefore, future studies should also focus on spiritual and work cultural factors when investigating burnout. Furthermore, these factors should not be neglected in future developments of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention options.
Shared and Distinct Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation Patterns in Major Depressive Disorders With and Without Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Authors: Fu Xiaoya , Li Huabing , Yan Meiqi , Chen Jindong , Liu Feng , Zhao Jingping , Guo Wenbin 
Published: December 2021

Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are fairly common somatic symptoms in depressed patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of concomitant GI symptoms on the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) patterns in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and investigate the connection between aberrant fALFF and clinical characteristics.Methods: This study included 35 MDD patients with GI symptoms (GI-MDD patients), 17 MDD patients without GI symptoms (nGI-MDD patients), and 28 healthy controls (HCs). The fALFF method was used to analyze the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Correlation analysis and pattern classification were employed to investigate the relationship of the fALFF patterns with the clinical characteristics of patients.Results: GI-MDD patients exhibited higher scores in the HRSD-17 and suffered more severe insomnia, anxiety/somatization, and weight loss than nGI-MDD patients. GI-MDD patients showed higher fALFF in the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG)/middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and lower fALFF in the left superior medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) compared with nGI-MDD patients. A combination of the fALFF values of these two clusters could be applied to discriminate GI-MDD patients from nGI-MDD patients, with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 86.54, 94.29, and 70.59%, respectively.Conclusion: GI-MDD patients showed more severe depressive symptoms. Increased fALFF in the right SFG/MFG and decreased fALFF in the left superior MPFC might be distinctive neurobiological features of MDD patients with GI symptoms.
Developing Future Physical Education Teachers' Intercultural Competence: The Potential of Intertwinement of Transformative, Embodied, and Critical Approaches
Authors: Siljamäki Mariana Elisabet , Anttila Eeva Helena 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This article is based on a study that explored learning processes related to intercultural competence of PE teacher trainees. The context of the study was the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. The study was conducted in connection to two courses that focused on equality in physical education and sport in 2020–2021.Methods: Adopting an interpretive, as well as a critical approach, the authors focused on how the students described their conceptions and learning experiences. Based on their analysis they have then aimed to shed light on how interculturality, equality, equity, and diversity may be addressed in higher education in a more profound manner. The students' accounts were analyzed first through an open reading and subsequently through a more critical lens. The analysis was supported by theories of transformative learning, embodied learning, and intercultural education.Results: Students' initial interest toward equity, equality, and interculturality seemed to expand during the courses. They increasingly reflected on the complexity of these issues and discussed the widening professional responsibilities of future PE teachers in promoting equality and supporting pupils in cultural heterogeneous classes. Discussions and practical activities that involved emotional and embodied elements seemed to be important in facilitating their learning processes. However, it is difficult to foresee how permanent the changes in their habits of mind and subsequent actions are.Discussion: The authors suggest that embodied, practical approaches where the student is fully engaged in the learning process, and where conceptual, reflective, emotional, and affective levels are connected, may be a key in developing teachers' intercultural competence. They also suggest that it is crucial to revise higher education curricula from the perspectives of intercultural competence and structural inequality. In addition to separate courses, equality, equity, and diversity should be seen as red threads throughout higher education.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Body Weight Traits in Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Fenghong , Gao Gong , Yan Xiaochun , Liu Hongfu , Liu Zhihong , Wang Zhixin , He Libing , Lv Qi , Wang Zhiying , Wang Ruijun , Zhang Yanjun , Li Jinquan , Su Rui 
Published: December 2021

Objective: Body weight is an important economic trait for a goat, which greatly affects animal growth and survival. The purpose of this study was to identify genes associated with birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), and yearling weight (YW).Materials and Methods: In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BW, WW, and YW was determined using the GGP_Goat_70K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip in 1,920 Inner Mongolia cashmere goats.Results: We discovered that 21 SNPs were significantly associated with BW on the genome-wide levels. These SNPs were located in 10 genes, e.g., Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 (MAPK3), LIM domain binding 2 (LDB2), and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B (LRP1B), which may be related to muscle growth and development in Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were significantly enriched in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton and phospholipase D signaling pathway etc.Conclusion: In summary, this study will improve the marker-assisted breeding of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats and the molecular mechanisms of important economic traits.
Avaliação da capacidade inibitória de ruta graveolens sobre candida albicans / Evaluation of the inhibitory capacity of ruta graveolens on candida albicans
Authors: Manso Giovanna Garcia , Ribeiro Matheus Martins , Da Silva Pedro Henrique Pereira , Do Prado Renata Silva 
Published: December 2021

Os fungos são um importante grupo de seres vivos eucariontes Nos seres humanos são patógenos oportunistas, gerando certo grau de morbimortalidade, principalmente em pacientes imunocomprometidos, como os hospitalizados ou que fizeram transplante ou possuem doença de base como a AIDS e câncer. Cerca de 80% das infecções fúngicas sistêmicas são devido a Candida albicans. No Brasil, há um gasto de cerca de 180 milhões de reais para o tratamento de candidíase. Os humanos e os fungos possuem certa semelhança filogenética e por isso possuem vias metabólicas semelhantes. Por esse fator, há uma dificuldade na produção de medicamentos eficazes contra fungos que gerem menor efeitos colaterais. A Ruta graveolens L. é uma planta muito utilizada, na medicina popular, para o tratamento da candidíase, sendo que, atualmente, é muito usada para tratar diversas doenças. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade anti-candida do extrato etanólico de Ruta graveolens contra Candida albicans. Foi avaliada a atividade antifúngica dos extratos etanólicos do caule e das folhas de R. graveolens por meio do teste de diluição em placas. Os resultados obtidos levam a conclusão de que o extrato etanólico das folhas de R. graveolens, nas concentrações testadas de 1000, 500 e 250 ppm, em meio de cultura sólido não possui ação antifúngica contra Candida albicans A forma de obtenção dos extratos, bem como fatores como o local de crescimento da planta, hora em que a planta foi coletada, luminosidade, altitude, temperatura ambiente e nível pluviométrico podem ter influência sobre os resultados obtidos neste trabalho.
Germinação de mamoneira em diferentes combinações de vermiculita e composto orgânico / Castor oil plant germination in different combinations of vermiculite and organic compost
Authors: Lima Zilda Cristina Malheiros , Cardoso Suane Coutinho , Dos Santos Leandro Gonçalves , Peixouto Leandro Santos 
Published: December 2021

A mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.), é uma oleaginosa de grande importância socioeconômica no Brasil e devido a sua adaptabilidade está disseminada por quase todo o país, constituindo como uma alternativa promissora para o cultivo em regiões semiáridas. Considerando que a germinação é de suma importância no estabelecimento e desenvolvimento das plântulas, é importante conhecer os fatores que afetam este processo, especialmente o tipo de substrato utilizado na produção de mudas que exerce grande influência na germinação. Diante disso, esse trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a melhor proporção do composto orgânico e vermiculita na composição de um substrato para germinação e desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de mamoneira. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação e o composto orgânico utilizado foi obtido por meio da compostagem de casca de algodão e esterco de galinha poedeira. As sementes de mamona da variedade BRS Energia foram plantadas em bandejas contendo o substrato em diferentes proporções formado pelo composto orgânico e vermiculita, originando os seguintes tratamentos: T1: 100% vermiculita (Testemunha); T2: 95% vermiculita + 5% composto; T3: 85% vermiculita + 15% composto; T4: 75% vermiculita + 25% composto; T5: 65% vermiculita + 35% composto e T6: 50% vermiculita + 50% composto. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e 50 repetições (cada semente uma repetição) e avaliadas por 19 dias. As variáveis analisadas foram germinação (%), emergência (%), tempo de germinação e emergência (dias após plantio) altura da planta (cm) e a massa fresca e seca da planta (g). Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e suas médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados indicaram que a proporção de 95% de vermiculita + 5% do composto orgânico de casca de algodão e esterco de galinha foi a que promoveu melhor desenvolvimento das plantas de mamoneira.