bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Human Dimensions of Recreational Anglers Targeting Freshwater Species in Coastal Ecosystems, with Implications for Management
Authors: Koemle Dieter , Beardmore Ben , Dorow Malte , Arlinghaus Robert 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Little is known about whether brackish coastal ecosystems attract specific angler types that are characterized by site-specific preferences and behaviors while targeting freshwater fishes living in a low-salinity environment. Using the lagoon (“Bodden”) fisheries in northeastern Germany, we compared the human dimensions among anglers fishing in Bodden sites, anglers fishing primarily in freshwater sites, and other, less-setting-specialized anglers that use both marine and freshwater fisheries. Data were generated from a 1-year telephone–mail–diary study involving over 1,000 study participants. The general characteristics, demographics, specialization level, motives, catch orientation, and catch-and-release behaviors of the three angler groups were rather similar. However, when targeting specific freshwater fish (i.e., Eurasian Perch Perca fluviatilis, Northern Pike Esox lucius, and Zander [also known as Pikeperch] Sander lucioperca), the motives of anglers choosing the Bodden versus freshwater sites differed. Specifically, Bodden anglers targeting freshwater species in brackish waters were more catch oriented, trophy fish oriented, and challenge seeking compared to freshwater anglers. Bodden anglers were also more likely to fish with friends rather than alone compared to the other angler groups, and they were more likely to use motorboats and to take guides compared to freshwater anglers. Correspondingly, a revealed preference choice model showed that anglers expecting high catch outcomes and social experiences with friends and boat fishing were more likely to select the Bodden waters relative to freshwater sites. Additionally, anglers with a stronger orientation toward the noncatch, experience-based aspects of fishing were more likely to fish in the Bodden and coastal sites compared to freshwater, suggesting that coastal sites satisfy both catch- and non-catch-related expectations. We suggest that given their specific preferences and characteristics, Bodden anglers will be particularly sensitive to constraints imposed on using motorboats and to declines in catch rates and trophy sizes in the catch, specifically for Northern Pike.
A computational intelligence based maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic power generation system with small‐signal analysis
Authors: Senapati Manoj Kumar , Pradhan Chittaranjan , Calay Rajnish Kaur 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThere are multiple peak functions in its output power characteristic curve of a photovoltaic (PV) array under partial shading conditions (PSCs), the perturb and observe (P&O) may fail to track the global maximum power point (GMPP). Therefore, a reliable maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is essential to track the GMPP within an appropriate time. This article proposes a hybrid technique by combining an evolutionary optimization technique, namely the modified invasive weed optimization (MIWO) with the conventional P&O algorithm to enhance the search performance for the maximum power output of the PV system. MIWO executes in the initial stages of the tracking followed by the P&O at the final stages in the MPPT search process. The combined approach ensures faster convergence and better search to the GMPP under rapid climate change and PSCs. The search performance of the hybrid MIWO+P&O technique is examined on a standalone PV system through both MATLAB/Simulink environment and experimentally using dSPACE (DS1103)‐based real‐time microcontroller hardware setup. The performance of the proposed hybrid MPPT scheme is compared with the recent state‐of‐the‐art MPPPT techniques. In addition, the small‐signal analysis of the PV system is carried out to evaluate the loop robustness of the controller design. For a given set of system parameters, simulations for the small‐signal model and robustness studies are analyzed to verify the results. The overall results justify the efficacy of the proposed hybrid MPPT algorithm.
Biophysical characterization of full‐length oleosin in dodecylphosphocholine micelles
Authors: Julien Jeffrey A. , Mutchek Sarah G. , Wittenberg Nathan J. , Glover Kerney Jebrell 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOleosin is a hydrophobic protein that punctuates the surface of plant seed lipid droplets, which are 20 nm–100 μm entities that serve as reservoirs for high‐energy metabolites. Oleosin is purported to stabilize lipid droplets, but its exact mechanism of stabilization has not been established. Probing the structure of oleosin directly in lipid droplets is challenging due to the size of lipid droplets and their high degree of light scattering. Therefore, a medium in which the native structure of oleosin is retained, but is also amenable to spectroscopic studies is needed. Here, we show, using a suite of biophysical techniques, that dodecylphosphocholine micelles appear to support the tertiary structure of the oleosin protein (i.e., hairpin conformation) and render the protein in an oligomeric state that is amenable to more sophisticated biophysical techniques such as NMR.
Overexpression of ATP‐binding cassette transporter Mdr49‐like confers resistance to imidacloprid in the field populations of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Wang Li‐Xiang , Tao Sha , Zhang Yan‐Chao , Pei Xin‐Guo , Gao Yang , Song Xin‐Yu , Yu Zhi‐Tao , Gao Cong‐Fen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is the most severe pest attacking rice crops using sucking mouthparts. It causes significant damages to rice growth and food production worldwide. With the long‐term and wide use of insecticides, field populations of BPH have developed resistance to many insecticides.RESULTSHere, we showed that upregulation of an ATP‐binding cassette transporter gene NlMdr49‐like contributes to imidacloprid resistance in field populations of BPH. A comparative transcriptome analysis was performed to evaluate the gene expression in two field populations (JXSG18 and YNTC18). Compared with a susceptible strain (Sus), 202 upregulated genes and 170 downregulated genes were identified in both field populations. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are mainly linked to metabolic process and transmembrane transport. Among the candidate DEGs, NlMdr49‐like was significantly upregulated in both field populations. Based on the genome and transcriptome of BPH, the full‐length complementary DNA of NlMdr49‐like was sequenced and its molecular characteristics were analyzed. Expression pattern analysis of various tissues showed that NlMdr49‐like was predominantly expressed in midgut and Malpighian tubules which are important excretion organs. Knocking down NlMdr49‐like reduced BPH resistance to imidacloprid, but did not affect its resistance to the other nine insecticides (chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, sulfoxaflor, triflumezopyrim, ethiprole, buprofezin and pymetrozine). Furthermore, a transgenic strain of Drosophila melanogaster overexpressing NlMdr49‐like was less susceptible to imidacloprid.CONCLUSIONSOur findings indicate that upregulation of NlMdr49‐like is another mechanism contributing to imidacloprid resistance in N. lugens. This result is helpful to further understand the resistance mechanism of N. lugens to imidacloprid. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
A quantitative systems pharmacology approach to predict the safe‐equivalent dose of doxorubicin in patients with cardiovascular comorbidity
Authors: Sang Lan , Yuan Yi , Zhou Ying , Zhou Zhengying , Jiang Muhan , Liu Xiaoquan , Hao Kun , He Hua 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPatients with cardiovascular comorbidity are less tolerant to cardiotoxic drugs and should be treated with reduced doses to prevent cardiotoxicity. However, the safe‐equivalent dose of antitumor drugs in patients with cardiovascular disease/risk is difficult to predict because they are usually excluded from clinical trials as a result of ethical considerations. In this study, a translational quantitative system pharmacology‐pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic (QSP‐PK‐PD) model was developed based on preclinical study to predict the safe‐equivalence dose of doxorubicin in patients with or without cardiovascular disease. Virtual clinical trials were conducted to validate the translational QSP‐PK‐PD model. The model replicated several experimental and clinical observations: the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was reduced and the left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV) was elevated in systolic dysfunction rats, the LVEF was preserved and LVEDV reduced in diastolic dysfunction rats, and patients with preexisting cardiovascular disease were more vulnerable to doxorubicin‐induced cardiac dysfunction than cardiovascular healthy patients. A parameter sensitivity analysis showed that doxorubicin‐induced cardiovascular dysfunction was mainly determined by the sensitivity of cardiomyocytes to cardiotoxic drugs and the baseline value of LVEDV, reflected in LVEF change percentage from the baseline. Blood pressure was the least sensitive factor affecting doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity.
Growth‐Controllable Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Surface‐Attached Metal‐Organic Framework Layer on Living Leaf
Authors: Li Xunjia , Jiang Chengmei , Yao Yao , Zhang Qi , Dai Shufen , Ying Yibin , Ping Jianfeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPlant nanoelectronics aims to achieve specific functions by selecting suitable nanomaterials to connect or implant into plants. In this work, a new cyclic‐spraying method is developed to attain controllable growth of surface‐attached metal‐organic framework (SURMOF) coatings on various complex substrates, including cotton, silk, and plant leaves. The covalent bonds formed between the SURMOF layer and substrate enable them to connect firmly without additional adhesive and do not fall off from the microstructured substrate surface with the change of biological activity or environment. Noteworthily, the triboelectric polarity of SURMOF can be regulated by changing the ligand molecule. As a proof of concept, a growth‐controllable triboelectric nanogenerator (GC‐TENG) based on living leaves and coated SURMOF layer is developed, and the feasibility of using it in the self‐driven agricultural monitoring system is explored. In addition, long‐term monitoring results show that the growth of SURMOF coating will not cause damage to plant leaf tissue, nor will it affect plant photosynthesis.
Genomic prediction modeling of soybean biomass using UAV‐based remote sensing and longitudinal model parameters
Authors: Toda Yusuke , Kaga Akito , Kajiya‐Kanegae Hiromi , Hattori Tomohiro , Yamaoka Shuhei , Okamoto Masanori , Tsujimoto Hisashi , Iwata Hiroyoshi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe application of remote sensing in plant breeding can provide rich information about the growth processes of plants, which leads to better understanding concerning crop yield. It has been shown that traits measured by remote sensing were also beneficial for genomic prediction (GP) because the inclusion of remote sensing data in multitrait models improved prediction accuracies of target traits. However, the present multitrait GP model cannot incorporate high‐dimensional remote sensing data due to the difficulty in the estimation of a covariance matrix among the traits, which leads to failure in improving its prediction accuracy. In this study, we focused on growth models to express growth patterns using remote sensing data with a few parameters and investigated whether a multitrait GP model using these parameters could derive better prediction accuracy of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] biomass. A total of 198 genotypes of soybean germplasm were cultivated in experimental fields, and longitudinal changes of their canopy height and area were measured continuously via remote sensing with an unmanned aerial vehicle. Growth parameters were estimated by applying simple growth models and incorporated into the GP of biomass. By evaluating heritability and correlation, we showed that the estimated growth parameters appropriately represented the observed growth curves. Also, the use of these growth parameters in the multitrait GP model contributed to successful biomass prediction. We conclude that the growth models could describe the genetic variation of soybean growth curves based on several growth parameters. These dimension‐reduction growth models will be indispensable for extracting useful information from remote sensing data and using this data in GP and plant breeding.
GenoRisk: A polygenic risk score for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Dickson Samuel P. , Hendrix Suzanne B. , Brown Bruce L. , Ridge Perry G. , Nicodemus‐Johnson Jessie , Hardy Marci L. , McKeany Allison M. , Booth Steven B. , Fortna Ryan R. , Kauwe John S.K. ,   NIAGADS
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionRecent clinical trials are considering inclusion of more than just apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype as a way of reducing variability in analysis of outcomes.MethodsCase‐control data were used to compare the capacity of age, sex, and 58 Alzheimer's disease (AD)–associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to predict AD status using several statistical models. Model performance was assessed with Brier scores and tenfold cross‐validation. Genotype and sex × age estimates from the best performing model were combined with age and intercept estimates from the general population to develop a personalized genetic risk score, termed age, and sex‐adjusted GenoRisk.ResultsThe elastic net model that included age, age x sex interaction, allelic APOE terms, and 29 additional SNPs performed the best. This model explained an additional 19% of the heritable risk compared to APOE genotype alone and achieved an area under the curve of 0.747.DiscussionGenoRisk could improve the risk assessment of individuals identified for prevention studies.
‘Spoken from the Impulse of the Moment’: Epistolarity, Sensibility, and Breath in Frances Burney’s Evelina
Authors: Skinner Gillian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSkinner explores the neglected role of breath in the mapping and understanding of eighteenth-century sensibility. Thematically rich in their associations with body and spirit, life and death, breath and breathlessness are also woven into the stylistic particularities of both sentimental and epistolary fiction. Examination of the epistolarity of Evelina, and the dramatic use of dialogue Burney became known for, reveals breathlessness as the signifier of intense and instinctive moral discernment of the kind described by eighteenth-century philosophers such as Frances Hutcheson, complicating the view that the heroine of epistolary fiction more generally, and Evelina in particular, is purely passive. Instead, she emerges as actively involved in numerous scenarios that at once challenge her capacity for moral conduct and allow her to demonstrate her power to act.
Romantic Consumption: The Paradox of Fashionable Breath
Authors: Lawlor Clark 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe tragic disease of consumption/tuberculosis is, perhaps notoriously, a central disease of literary and artistic international Romanticism, as well as having a profound influence in wider society. Lawlor’s essay analyses the role that breath played in this phenomenon: how could breath and breathlessness possibly contribute to the valorisation of such a horrible illness? Using literary and medical works, this analysis demonstrates that the ‘reality’ (albeit variable) of consumptive breath was often overridden, overwritten, or reframed, by cultural discourses which included religious and classical concepts of breath, new and old medical models, gender and social rank.
The Forgotten Obvious: Breathing in Psychoanalysis
Authors: Walker Oriana , Rose Arthur 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis essay traces the role of breathing in the literature and history of psychoanalysis from Josef Breuer and Sigmund Freud through Otto Fenichel and Wilhelm Reich. It uncovers interesting discontinuities in the significance granted to breathing as the psychoanalytic tradition develops. These observations of the breath shed new light on major theoretical divisions of psychoanalysis from its founding through its arrival in the US with the émigré analysts. This history offers views both into the changing imagination of the breath itself and into the role of the body in an evolving psychoanalytic practice more generally.
Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Zhang Yan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMobile edge computing is a promising paradigm that brings computing resources to mobile users at the network edge, allowing computing-intensive and delay-sensitive applications to be quickly processed by edge servers to satisfy the requirements of mobile users. In this chapter, we first introduce a hierarchical architecture of mobile edge computing that consists of a cloud plane, an edge plane, and a user plane. We then introduce three typical computation offloading decisions. Finally, we review state-of-the-art works on computation offloading and present the use case of joint computation offloading.
Thermalization in large-N CFTs
Authors: Karlsson Robin , Parnachev Andrei , Tadić Petar 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn d-dimensional CFTs with a large number of degrees of freedom an important set of operators consists of the stress tensor and its products, multi stress tensors. Thermalization of such operators, the equality between their expectation values in heavy states and at finite temperature, is equivalent to a universal behavior of their OPE coefficients with a pair of identical heavy operators. We verify this behavior in a number of examples which include holographic and free CFTs and provide a bootstrap argument for the general case. In a free CFT we check the thermalization of multi stress tensor operators directly and also confirm the equality between the contributions of multi stress tensors to heavy-heavy-light-light correlators and to the corresponding thermal light-light two-point functions by disentangling the contributions of other light operators. Unlike multi stress tensors, these light operators violate the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis and do not thermalize.
Verlorene Lebensjahre: Bekanntes und Neues zur Methodik am Beispiel der häufigsten Todesursachen in Deutschland
Authors: Hübner Joachim , Mattutat Johann , Katalinic Alexander 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Verlorene Lebensjahre (Years of Life Lost, YLL) sind ein aussagekräftiger, in Deutschland jedoch wenig verwendeter Indikator für die Relevanz von Todesursachen. Es existieren zahlreiche Methoden, mit denen YLL berechnet werden können.

Ziel der Arbeit
Es werden prototypische Methoden zur Berechnung von YLL vorgestellt und kritisch eingeordnet. Auf dieser Basis wird eine verbesserte Methode vorgeschlagen, die auf der Nutzung von todesursachenbereinigten Sterbetafeln (Cause-Elimination Life Tables, CELT) beruht.

Methoden
Etablierte Methoden und die hier vorgeschlagene Modifikation werden auf die Sterblichkeit in Deutschland 2018 angewandt. Veränderungen gegenüber 1998 werden anhand der modifizierten Methode dargestellt.

Ergebnisse
Während nach der Zahl der Sterbefälle Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen im Jahr 2018 die bedeutendste Todesursache waren, war Krebs für die meisten YLL verantwortlich. Unterschiedliche Methoden zur Berechnung der YLL führen zu deutlich abweichenden Rängen bei den weniger bedeutsamen Todesursachen. YLL auf Basis von allgemeinen Sterbetafeln unterschätzen die YLL auf Basis der todesursachenbereinigten Sterbetafeln um bis zu 18,4 % (Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen). Gemessen an den CELT-basierten YLL waren im Jahr 1998 Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen die bedeutsamste Todesursache.

Diskussion
Die Berechnung von YLL auf der Basis von todesursachenbereinigten Sterbetafeln vermeidet Inkonsistenzen etablierter Methoden und führt zu relevant abweichenden Ergebnissen. Besonderheiten der vorgeschlagenen Methode (Verstoß gegen das Egalitätsprinzip, fehlende Additivität) beeinträchtigen ihren Nutzen als Instrument zur Steuerung der Gesundheitsversorgung nicht.
Population pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime in intensive care patients
Authors: Swartling Maria , Smekal Anna-Karin , Furebring Mia , Lipcsey Miklos , Jönsson Siv , Nielsen Elisabet I. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To characterise the pharmacokinetics and associated variability of cefotaxime in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients and to assess the impact of patient covariates.

Methods
This work was based on data from cefotaxime-treated patients included in the ACCIS (Antibiotic Concentrations in Critical Ill ICU Patients in Sweden) study. Clinical data from 51 patients at seven different ICUs in Sweden, given cefotaxime (1000–3000 mg given 2–6 times daily), were collected from the first day of treatment for up to three consecutive days. In total, 263 cefotaxime samples were included in the population pharmacokinetic analysis.

Results
A two-compartment model with linear elimination, proportional residual error and inter-individual variability (IIV) on clearance and central volume of distribution best described the data. The typical individual was 64 years, with body weight at ICU admission of 92 kg and estimated creatinine clearance of 94 mL/min. The resulting typical value of clearance was 11.1 L/h, central volume of distribution 5.1 L, peripheral volume of distribution 18.2 L and inter-compartmental clearance 14.5 L/h. The estimated creatinine clearance proved to be a significant covariate on clearance (p < 0.001), reducing IIV from 68 to 49%.

Conclusion
A population pharmacokinetic model was developed to describe cefotaxime pharmacokinetics and associated variability in adult ICU patients. The estimated creatinine clearance partly explained the IIV in cefotaxime clearance. However, the remaining unexplained IIV is high and suggests a need for dose individualisation using therapeutic drug monitoring where the developed model, after evaluation of predictive performance, may provide support.
Anthropometry of the proximal femur and femoral head in children/adolescents using three-dimensional computed tomography-based measurements
Authors: Darwich Ali , Geiselhardt Christiane , Bdeir Mohamad , Janssen Sonja , Schoenberg Stefan O. , Gravius Sascha , Jawhar Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeDefining normal anthropometric ranges of proximal femur and femoral head for each age group in children/adolescents is a necessity when differentiating normal anatomical variants from pathological deformities. Aim of this study is to define a set of normal anthropometric parameters based on 3D-CT measurements in normal asymptomatic children/adolescents and analyse the variations arising depending on age, side, and/or gender.MethodsMorphology of the proximal femur was retrospectively assessed in 170 hips (85 children, < 15 years). Measurements included covered femoral head volume (CFHV), femoral head diameter (FHD), femoral head extrusion index (FHEI), coronal alpha angle (CAA), lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA), anterior (AOS) and posterior head-neck offset (POS) and femoral neck-shaft angle (FNSA). Correlation analyses as well as inter- and intra-rater reliability were performed.ResultsCFHV, LCEA, FHD and AOS/POS increased with age and FHEI, CAA, and FNSA decreased with age. None of the measurements correlated with the side. AOS showed a poor correlation with gender. Rapid growth phases were observed at the age of 1, 7 and 11. The inter- and intra-rater reliability was high (range ICC 0.8–0.99 Cronbach alpha 0.86–0.99).ConclusionThis data delivers a description of growth phases as well as gender and age-correlated reference values of the proximal femoral morphology that could be used by paediatricians and orthopaedic/paediatric surgeons to early diagnose proximal femur deformities and provide guidance in the planning of possible operations.