bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sosyal medya pazarlamasının elektronik ağızdan ağza iletişim niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde tüketici bağlılığının aracılık rolü
Authors: Demir Didem , Yıldız Selçuk Yasin 
Published: June 2021

Sosyal medya mecralarındaki kullanımın artmasıyla birlikte kişiler birbirleriyle çok daha fazla karşılıklı etkileşimde bulunmaktadırlar. Bu sebeple sosyal medya kullanan bireyler arasında gerçekleşen ağızdan ağıza iletişim faaliyetleri firmaların göz ardı etmemesi gereken bir olgu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ancak sosyal medya pazarlaması faaliyetlerinin, ağızdan ağıza iletişimdeki rolüne ait yapılan çalışmalarda tüketici bağlılığının aracılık rolü bugüne kadar yeterli ilgiyi görmemiştir. Bu çalışmada sosyal medyanın e-wom niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde tüketici bağlılığının aracılık rolünün olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Çevrimiçi olarak hazırlanmış anket formu sosyal medya ve mobil iletişim uygulamalarını kullanan bireylere gönderilmiştir. 464 kişiden elde edilen kullanılabilir veriler AMOS paket program yardımı ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılarak yapılan hipotez testleri ile sosyal medya pazarlamasının, tüketici bağlılığı ve e-wom niyeti üzerinde olumlu ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca test sonuçlarına bağlı olarak tüketici bağlılığının da elektronik ağızdan ağıza iletişim niyeti üzerinde olumlu ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu söylenebilir. Son olarak, bu çalışmada; tüketici bağlılığının, sosyal medya pazarlaması ile e-wom niyeti arasında aracılık etkisine sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu nedenle gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma sosyal medya pazarlaması literatürüne önemli katkılar sunmaktadır.
Linezolid resistance among multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Iran
Authors: Khosravi Azar Dokht , Tabandeh Mohammad Reza , Shahi Fatemeh , Salmanzadeh Shokrollah 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe management of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) presents a main challenge and the drug options for treating these infections are very limited. Linezolid (LNZ) has recently been approved for the treatment of MDR and XDR-TB. But, there are narrow data on genotypic and phenotypic LNZ resistance in clinical isolates. So, we aimed to determine the prevalence of LNZ resistance and to identify the mutations associated with LNZ resistance among clinical MDR-TB isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of LNZ for 22 MDR-TB isolates were determined by broth microdilution method. All MDR-TB isolates were sequenced in the rrl and rplC genes conferring LNZ resistance. LNZ resistance was found in 3 (13.6%) of 22 MDR-TB isolates. The MICs of LNZ were 8 μg/mL for two isolates and 16 μg/mL for one isolate. The 421 (A/G) and 449 (T/A) mutations in rplC gene were detected in one of the LNZ-resistant isolates. There was no mutation in rrl gene. The results reveal that the prevalence of LNZ-resistant isolates is 13.6% among MDR-TB isolates and drug susceptibility testing (DST) against LNZ is useful in the management of complicated and drug-resistant cases. However, further studies could identify other possible genetic mechanism of resistance in TB.
UbuntuTheater: Building a Human World in Yael Farber'sMolora
Authors: Zapkin Phillip 
Published: June 2021

AbstractYael Farber'sMolorablends themes from theOresteia, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and Xhosa folk singing to produce an aspirational vision for an equitable postapartheid South Africa. This blending draws onubuntuethics—the living philosophy that holds that subjects become properly human only through their interaction with others and a commitment to making the world better—by combining these cultural forms and signs without hierarchically privileging any. Farber's revision of the plotline of theOresteiaemphasizes human community because the chorus of Xhosa women collectively introduce order and justice, as opposed to the imposition of order and justice by Athena in Aeschylus's play. The chorus protects Elektra and Orestes from violence and offers them—as well as Klytemnestra—the chance to return to a human community through forgiveness and the renunciation of violence. This is preciselyubuntu's aspiration.
The Climates of the Victorian Novel: Seasonality, Weather, and Regional Fiction in Britain and Australia
Authors: Steer Philip 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAnthropocene criticism of Victorian literature has focused more on questions of temporality and predictability than on those related to climate in the nineteenth century. Climate knowledge is central to the regional novel, which is attuned to the seasonal basis of agriculture and sociality, but the formal influence of the British climate also becomes more apparent through a consideration of the genre's adaptation to colonial conditions. Thomas Hardy'sThe Mayor of Casterbridgehighlights how a known seasonal cycle underpins the differentiation of climate and weather and explores the role of economic systems in mediating the experience of climate. Rolf Boldrewood'sThe Squatter's Dream, set amid the nonannual seasonal change of Australia, demonstrates the fracturing of the regional novel form under the stress of sustained drought. Such a comparative approach highlights the importance of regular seasonality as the basis of the Victorian novel's ability to conceptualize the relation of climate, weather, and capital.
The Role of School Management Towards Staff Motivation for Effective Performance in Nepal: During the Covid-19
Authors: Rajesh Kumar Chaudhary Manoj Kumar Chaudhary, 
Published: June 2021

This study attempts to investigates the role of motivation on academic staffs of private school in Nepal. To analyze the staff motivation, a descriptive cum exploratory research design along with structured questionnaire has been administered for data collection. Out of total 291 private school in Lalitpur metropolitan city 20 schools were selected for this study, purposive sampling method is used as per the convenient of the researchers. The result of the study clearly depict that the role of school management towards staff motivation for effective performance is found to be inferior in practice. Therefore, the study concludes that, to mitigate the impact of Covid-19 during and after the crisis, the ground reality of staff’s motivation must be taken into consideration. The present research recommended that there is a substantial room for motivation in private school, Nepal because role on motivation in school is far from satisfactory. Thus to improve the situation congenial climate should be provided and encouragement should be taken.
A new assessment of errors from digitization and base line corrections of strong-motion accelerograms
Authors: Shoja-Taheri Jafar 
Published: June 2021

abstract
Statistical analysis of strong-motion records of the 1966 Parkfield earthquake and the 1952 Taft earthquake indicates that the usable limit of long period of velocity and displacement, calculated by integration of the accelerogram records, is restricted mainly by human reading and base line correction errors. Base line correction errors arise from uncertainties in the coefficients of the fitted straight base line. Calculation by the jackknife method of the variances of the errors in displacement records from linear base line corrections indicates that these errors are more pronounced in the long-period (above 7 sec) range than errors from digitization. The records analyzed in this paper indicate that long-period limits due to the combined errors vary between 7 and 14 sec. Beyond these limits components of displacement spectra from the present analog accelerograms are not reliable measures of ground motion.
Peak acceleration, velocity, and displacement from strong-motion records
Authors: Boore David M. , Joyner William B. , Oliver Adolph A. , Page Robert A. 
Published: June 2021

abstractStrong-motion data from earthquakes of western North America are examined to provide the basis for estimating peak acceleration, velocity, and displacement as a function of distance for three magnitude classes, 5.0 to 5.7, 6.0 to 6.4, and 7.1 to 7.6. Analysis of a subset of the data from the San Fernando earthquake shows that small but statistically significant differences exist between peak values of horizontal acceleration, velocity, and displacement recorded on soil at the base of small structures and values recorded at the base of large structures. The peak acceleration tends to be less and the peak velocity and displacement to be greater at the base of large structures than at the base of small structures. In the distance range used in the regression analysis (15 to 100 km), the values of peak horizontal acceleration recorded at soil sites in the San Fernando earthquake are not significantly different from the values recorded at rock sites, but values of peak horizontal velocity and displacement are significantly greater at soil sites.
Dynamic rupture in a layered medium: The 1966 Parkfield earthquake
Authors: Archuleta Ralph J. , Day Steven M. 
Published: June 2021

abstractA method for computing ground motion from a propagating stress relaxation in a vertically heterogeneous medium was developed wherein computational efficiency is enhanced by separating the source, a three-dimensional calculation, from the wave propagation, a two-dimensional calculation. As an application of this technique, displacement-time histories were computed corresponding to those determined from accelerograms recorded during the 1966 Parkfield, California earthquake. On the basis of these comparisons, an effective stress of 25 bars, an average slip of 43 cm, and a moment of 2.32 × 1025 dyne-cm were determined for the Parkfield earthquake.
Crustal structure of the southeast flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, from seismic refraction measurements
Authors: Zucca John J. , Hill David P. 
Published: June 2021

abstract
In November 1976, the U.S. Geological Survey, in conjunction with the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, established a 100-km-long seismic refraction line normal to the southeast coast of Hawaii across the submarine flank of Kilauea Volcano. Interpretation of the data suggests that the oceanic crust dips about 2° toward the island underneath the volcanic pile. The unreversed Pn velocity is 7.9 km/ sec with crustal velocities varying strongly along the profile.
Profiles across the rift zones of Kilauea suggest that the velocity in the rifts is higher than the velocity in the surrounding extrusive rocks and that the velocity in the southwest rift (∼6.5 km/sec) is lower than the velocity in the east rift (∼7.0 km/sec). The rift boundaries seem to dip away from the rift such that a large part of the volcanic pile is composed of the higher velocity core of riftzone rock.
Estimation of the earthquake recurrence parameters for unequal observation periods for different magnitudes
Authors: Weichert Dieter H. 
Published: June 2021

abstractMaximum likelihood estimation of the earthquake parameters No and β in the relation N = No exp (−βm) is extended to the case of events grouped in magnitude with each group observed over individual time periods. Asymptotic forms of the equation for β reduce to the estimators given for different special cases by Aki (1965), Utsu (1965, 1966), and Page (1968). The estimates of β are only approximately chi-square distributed. For sufficiently large numbers of events, they can be estimated from the curvature of the log-likelihood function.Sample calculations for three earthquake source zones in western Canada indicate that for well-constrained data sets, the often-used, least-squares estimation procedures lead to compatible results, but for less well-defined data sets, the effect of subjective plotting and weighting methods used for least-squares fitting leads to appreciably different parameters.
The minnesota seismic network
Authors: Greenhalgh S. A. , Mooney H. M. , Mosher C. C. 
Published: June 2021

abstract
A six-element, short-period circular array (diameter, 27 km) has been operated in east-central Minnesota since January 1977. The goal is to monitor low-level seismicity in the Upper Great Lakes Precambrian Shield Province. Special reference is given to the Midcontinent Gravity High and to a newly recognized tectonic hinge line across central Minnesota which has been the site of several earthquakes of magnitude up to 5.
Data from the array are telemented 100 km to Minneapolis for tape recording. Flexible playback arrangements permit very compressed to very expanded time scales, using common time-base display with WWVB time code.
Detection capability is estimated at mb = 2.0 within 100 km and 2.5 within 300 km, although three local events of mb = 1.5, 2.6, and 3.0 were clearly recorded well above noise level. A companion paper (Mooney and Morey, 1980) sets these events in the context of historical seismicity and regional tectonics.
Based upon an analysis of hundreds of events, it is shown that the array is capable of determining azimuth for near-regional events within 1° to 4° and for teleseisms within 2° to 5°. Capability for determining distance from apparent horizontal slowness is less good but in the case of local and regional events, can be improved through measurements of S minus P time and Rg minus P time.
Earthquake/earth tide correlation and other features of the Susanville, California, earthquake sequence of June-July 1976
Authors: Mohler Amy S. 
Published: June 2021

abstractAn earthquake of magnitude ML 4.5 occurred on June 20, 1976 in an area of complex faulting in northeastern California, near the intersection of the Sierra Nevada, Modoc Plateau, Cascade Range, and Basin and Range geological provinces. P-wave first motion plots for larger aftershocks of this earthquake indicate maximum and minimum compressive stress, respectively, in north-south and east-west directions, with predominantly strike-slip motion. Focal depths for these events ranged from 7 to 15 km, consistent with other earthquake sequences in the region. Origin times of more than 4,700 aftershocks for the period between June 20 and July 1 are compared with the phase of solid-earth tidal components appropriate for normal and shear stress on northeast- and northwest-trending fault planes. Based on this comparison, approximately 20 per cent more earthquakes occurred at times when the normal compressive stress on the fault plane was decreasing, and the shear stress was increasing in the sense of slip on the fault plane. This correlation may be explained by two large bursts of aftershocks that occurred at times when tidal stresses were favorable for motion on the fault plane, rather than continuous triggering of small events during the entire sequence.
The St. Elias, Alaska, earthquake of February 28, 1979: Regional recording of aftershocks and short-term, pre-earthquake seismicity
Authors: Stephens Christopher D. , Lahr John C. , Fogleman Kent A. , Horner Robert B. 
Published: June 2021

abstractThe St. Elias, Alaska, earthquake (Ms 7.1) of February 28, 1979 occurred beneath the Chugach and St. Elias Mountains of southeastern Alaska and southwestern Yukon Territory. The main shock and aftershocks were recorded at regional high-gain, high-frequency seismographs operated by the U.S. and Canada. Hypocenters and magnitudes are presented for 308 aftershocks that occurred between February 28 and March 31, 1979. These data contain a nearly complete record of events of magnitude 3.5 and larger starting about 20 min after the main shock. The largest aftershock has a poorly determined magnitude slightly above 5, and the frequency-magnitude distribution has a b value of 1.36. A t−p inverse power law with an unusually low value of 0.93 for p adequately describes the decay with time in the frequency of occurrence of large aftershocks. The aftershocks occurred in a broad zone that extends about 115 km southeast from the epicenter of the main shock. Events tend to form clusters within this zone. One of the most remarkable features in the distribution of epicenters is that relatively few aftershocks were located near the epicenter of the main shock, and the highest rate of activity was centered about 50 km southeast of the epicenter of the main shock. Within the accuracy of the data, the depths of the aftershocks are all less than about 20 km. In the few areas where good depth control is available, the seismicity appears not to extend to the Earth's surface. Additional data from temporary stations operated in the aftershock zone during July and August 1979 indicate that the seismicity in some areas may be confined to a zone less than 6 km in vertical thickness. Focal mechanisms determined from p-wave first motions for some of the larger aftershocks all indicate northward-directed compression, which is consistent with the focal mechanism of the main shock.A review of the regional seismicity during the 6-month period preceding the St. Elias earthquake indicates that, relative to a comparable 6-month period 1 yr earlier, there was a 45 per cent increase in the rate of activity for events of magnitude 1.8 and larger, and possibly a decrease in the b value during the same period. Also, a prominent cluster of events with magnitudes less than 3.3 occurred at the southeast corner of the aftershock zone during the 6 months prior to the earthquake. The seismic record from the USGS network since 1974 is not yet complete in time, so it is not possible to determine how unusual the seismic activity preceding this earthquake has been.
Distribution of MR-CoNS in the clinical staffs of tertiary care hospital
Authors: S. Ahirwar Sonu , Jatav Prabhat , Kushwaha Kirti 
Published: June 2021

Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) associated infection is a growing concern in healthcare settings now a day. MR-CoNS are the main infectious agents of the hospital acquired infection. Clinical staffs to patients transmission of resistant strains have caused a rapid increase in the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in recent years. Growing rate of antimicrobial resistant against available antibiotics of MR-CoNS is a developing problem in low income or lower middle income counties. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence MR-CoNS isolated from different clinical staffs of tertiary care hospital. This prospective study conducted in clinical staffs, nasal swab were collected from all the participants. Screening of CoNS were done on the basis of cultural, morphological and biochemical tests, identification and AST analysis done by VITEK-2 automated system. Methicillin resistance pattern was checked by VITEK-2 and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI guideline. A total of 129 nasal swab samples were collected from clinical staffs, of which n=81 isolates (85.6%) were CoNS. Among n=81 CoNS, (48.12%) , (41.97%) , (7.4%) and (2.4%) were reported. Out of n=81 CoNS isolates, n=26 were conformed as MR-CoNS. Maximum methicillin resistance were reported in 53.48% (14/26), 42.30% (11/26), 3.84% (1/26) and 0% (0/26). Theoccurrence rate of MR-CoNS are higher (20.6%) in the healthcare workers and most of the methicillin resistant-CoNS isolates shows high level of resistance against widely used antibiotics but all the isolates susceptible against vancomycin.
Impactos de la volatilidad cambial del comercio colombiano con sus principales socios comerciales
Authors: Vaz Lobo Bittencourt Mauricio , Agudelo Paula Andrea Mosquera 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Investigar los principales impactos de la volatilidad cambiaria sobre las exportaciones colombianas de sus principales socios comerciales para el periodo 2001-2019, con el uso de variables de control además de la medida de volatilidad cambiaria, como el pib de los países, distancia y dummy variables de contigüidad y lenguaje común.

Metodología: mco agrupado, modelos de panel de efectos fijos y aleatorios y modelo de pseudo máxima verosimilitud de Poisson.

Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que la volatilidad cambiaria es perjudicial para la relación comercial entre Colombia y sus socios comerciales. Un aumento de 1% en la volatilidad cambiaria en el largo plazo puede reducir las exportaciones colombianas en 0.25-0.4%. Los resultados también sugieren que la información pasada es particularmente relevante para evaluar el impacto de la volatilidad en el comercio. Como se esperaba, los ingresos de los exportadores e importadores pueden aumentar el comercio y la distancia puede reducir el comercio.

Limitaciones: Los datos sectoriales utilizados se pueden explorar mejor.

Originalidad: Por primera vez se utiliza esta metodología y análisis de datos para investigar el impacto de la volatilidad cambiaria en el comercio colombiano.
Conclusiones: Los resultados añaden otra evidencia empírica a la literatura sobre tipo de cambio y comercio, donde las políticas económicas que apuntan a estabilizar el tipo de cambio probablemente aumentarán el volumen de comercio para Colombia y sus socios comerciales.

Recepción: 25/05/2020
Aceptación: 10/03/2021
Hierarchical forecasts of Diabetes mortality in Mexico by marginalization and sex to establish resource allocation
Authors: Silva Eliud , Sparks Corey 
Published: June 2021

Objective: The mexican population has experimented an astounding rise in type II Diabetes mortality as well as a growing trend for the economic burden in the recent years. The paper’s purpose is to propose an approach to establish a distribution of resource allocation objectively to face the future economic burden.
Methodology: Hierarchical forecasts of Diabetes mortality to 2030 by sub-domains of the population are estimated based on marginalization and sex.
Results: The forecasts confirm that differences related to sub-domains will be significant. In fact, the rates will increase most notably both in low and high marginalized.
Limitations: The hierarchical method just provide point forecast without prediction intervals.
Originality: There is not a similar application for Mexican data to do that objectively.
Conclusions: The most recommendable budget distribution should be mainly addressed among the low and high levels. Implications of these estimates should support unpostponable health policy in general and for the mentioned sub-domains in particular.

Recepción: 25/10/2020
Aceptación: 10/03/2021
Analysis of factors predisposing to degenerative hip joint lesions based on orthopaedic ward patients
Authors: Orczyk Paulina , Gąsior Zbigniew , Dąbek Józefa , Kusz Damian 
Published: June 2021

WstępChorobę zwyrodnieniową stawu biodrowego (ChZSB), zwaną koksartrozą, uznawano za występującą głównie u ludzi w podeszłym wieku, niemniej jednak coraz częściej dotyka osób młodszych, przyczyniając się do ich inwalidztwa i absencji w pracy.Materiał i metodyBadania przeprowadzono u 100 pacjentów z ChZSB, przyjmowanych kolejno na oddziały ortopedyczne szpitali rejonowych. Analizy dokonano dla dwóch grup, uwzględniających dwa przedziały wiekowe: osoby młodsze (n = 30) – poniżej 60 roku życia (r.ż.), i osoby starsze (n = 70) – w wieku ≥ 60 lat.WynikiW młodszej grupie chorych najczęstszymi czynnikami predysponującymi do rozwoju koksartrozy były: otyłość brzuszna – 27 (90%), wady postawy – 20 (67%), praca na siedząco ≥ 8 h/dobę przy braku regularnej aktywności fizycznej po pracy – 19 (63%), nadwaga – 15 (50%), ciężka praca fizyczna – 14 (47%), praca na stojąco ≥ 8 h/dobę – 14 (47%); w starszej grupie chorych były to: otyłość brzuszna – 67 (96%), praca na siedząco ≥ 8h/dobę przy braku regularnej aktywności fizycznej po pracy – 43 (61%), wady postawy – 38 (54%), ciężka praca fizyczna – 37 (53%), nadwaga – 36 (51%), zespół metaboliczny – 33 (47%).WnioskiU chorych z badanej grupy występowały liczne czynniki predysponujące do rozwoju ChZSB, najczęstsze zaś były otyłość brzuszna i praca na siedząco; obciążenie rodzinne w kierunku zmian zwyrodnieniowych występowało rzadziej.