bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytomegalovirus Disease, Short-Term Cardiovascular Events and Graft Survival in a Cohort of Kidney Transplant Recipients With High CMV IgG Seroprevalence
Authors: Díaz James S. , Jaimes Fabián A. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Both cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and CMV disease have been linked with several long-term indirect effects in kidney transplant recipients. Research questions: We conducted a retrospective study to assess the association between cytomegalovirus disease and risks of death, shortterm cardiovascular events and graft loss in a cohort of renal transplant recipients. Design: The associations between CMV disease and death and cardiovascular events were determined using Cox regression models, while the association between viral disease and graft loss risk was analyzed through a competing risks regression according to the Fine and Gray method. Death with a functioning graft was considered as a competing risk event. Results: A total of 865 consecutive renal transplant recipients were included. The prevalence of seropositive donor/seronegative recipient (D+/R-) group was 89.9% with the remaining patients classified as seropositive recipient (R+). After median follow-up time of 24.4 months, CMV disease was not a risk factor for all-causes mortality (HR = 1.75; 95% CI 0.94-3.25), early cardiovascular events (HR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.16-1.82) or graft loss (subhazard ratio [the HR adjusted for competing risk of death with functioning graft] = 0.99; 95% CI 0.53-1.84). Conclusions: In this cohort with high prevalence of CMV IgG antibodies, we found no association between cytomegalovirus disease and risk of death or graft loss. The relationship between CMV and cardiovascular disease remains to be unraveled and probably corresponds to a multifactorial phenomenon involving individual risk factors and the immune response to infection rather than the virus effect itself.
Biochemical MRI With dGEMRIC Corresponds to 3D-CT Based Impingement Location for Detection of Acetabular Cartilage Damage in FAI Patients
Authors: Lerch Till D. , Ambühl Dimitri , Schmaranzer Florian , Todorski Inga A.S. , Steppacher Simon D. , Hanke Markus S. , Haefeli Pascal C. , Liechti Emanuel F. , Siebenrock Klaus A. , Tannast Moritz 
Published: March 2021

Background: Anterior femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is associated with labral tears and acetabular cartilage damage in athletic and young patients. Delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) is an imaging method for detecting early damage to cartilage. Purpose: We evaluated the following questions: (1) What is the sensitivity and specificity of morphological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dGEMRIC for detecting cartilage damage? Do the mean acetabular and femoral dGEMRIC indices differ between (2) superior acetabular clock positions with and without impingement and (3) between cam- and pincer-type FAI? Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: This was a retrospective comparative study of 21 hips (20 patients with symptomatic anterior FAI) without osteoarthritis on anteroposterior radiographs. Morphological MRI and dGEMRIC (3.0-T, 3-dimensional [3D] T1 maps, dual–flip angle technique) of the same hip joint were compared. Intraoperative acetabular cartilage damage was assessed in patients who underwent surgical treatment. Computed tomography (CT)–based 3D bone models of the same hip joint were used as the gold standard for the detection of impingement, and dGEMRIC indices and zones of morphologic damage were compared with the CT-based impingement zones. Results: Of the 21 hips, 10 had cam-type FAI and 8 had pincer-type FAI according to radiographs. The mean age was 30 ± 9 years (range, 17-48 years), 71% were female, and surgical treatment was performed in 52%. We found a significantly higher sensitivity (69%) for dGEMRIC compared with morphological MRI (42%) in the detection of cartilage damage ( P < .001). The specificity of dGEMRIC was 83% and accuracy was 78%. The mean peripheral acetabular and femoral dGEMRIC indices for clock positions with impingement (485 ± 141 and 440 ± 121 ms) were significantly lower compared with clock positions without impingement (596 ± 183 and 534 ± 129 ms) ( P < .001). Hips with cam-type FAI had significantly lower acetabular dGEMRIC indices compared with hips with pincer-type FAI on the anterosuperior clock positions (1 to 3 o’clock) ( P = .018). Conclusion: MRI with dGEMRIC was more sensitive than morphological MRI, and lower dGEMRIC values were found for clock positions with impingement as detected on 3D-CT. This could aid in patient-specific diagnosis of FAI, preoperative patient selection, and surgical decision making to identify patients with cartilage damage who are at risk for inferior outcomes after hip arthroscopy.
Efficacy of Anti-inflammatory Treatment Versus Rescue Analgesia After Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy in Nonarthritic Knees: A 3-Arm Controlled Study
Authors: Dolev Amir , Yaari Lee , Kittani Mohamed , Yassin Mustafa , Gbaren Mahmod , Feicht Elia , Shemesh Shai , Haviv Barak 
Published: March 2021

Background: There is currently no consensus regarding the appropriate treatment for postoperative pain after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM). Prescribing a mild non–anti-inflammatory protocol of rescue analgesia may be sufficient to avoid the side effects of opioids or anti-inflammatories. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to compare the efficacy of pain reduction after APM in nonarthritic knees using betamethasone or celecoxib as anti-inflammatory analgesics versus acetaminophen or tramadol as rescue analgesics. The hypothesis was that there is no advantage for anti-inflammatories in achieving postoperative immediate pain relief after APM in nonarthritic knees compared with a simple nonopioid treatment. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: This 3-arm controlled study evaluated postoperative pain levels and analgesic consumption in patients who underwent primary APM (under general anesthesia) at a single institution from December 2018 to December 2019. Patients were prospectively divided into 3 treatment groups: (1) betamethasone injection at the end of the procedure, (2) oral celecoxib prescription, or (3) neither treatment (control). All groups were instructed to take supplementary acetaminophen as needed. Patients were also allowed to take tramadol as needed to evaluate the need for opioids. At postoperative weeks 1, 2, and 3, patients completed the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) Pain subscale, and results were compared between time points and groups. Results: A total of 99 patients were included in the treatment groups: betamethasone group (32 patients), celecoxib group (30 patients), and control group (37 patients). At baseline, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in age, sex, body mass index, level of activity, comorbidities, or surgical findings. KOOS Pain scores improved at every time point for all 3 groups ( P < .001), and no differences in scores were observed among groups. The consumption of acetaminophen or tramadol as rescue analgesia throughout the follow-up period was negligible among groups. Conclusion: During the first 3 postoperative weeks after APM in nonarthritic knees, pain was efficiently controlled by betamethasone or celecoxib; however, pain was also efficiently controlled by minimal consumption of acetaminophen with negligible use of tramadol. Therefore, acetaminophen could be prescribed as an effective first-line postoperative analgesic after APM.
Dose/schedule-adjusted Rd-R vs continuous Rd for elderly, intermediate-fit patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Larocca Alessandra , Bonello Francesca , Gaidano Gianluca , D’Agostino Mattia , Offidani Massimo , Cascavilla Nicola , Capra Andrea , Benevolo Giulia , Tosi Patrizia , Galli Monica , Marasca Roberto , Giuliani Nicola , Bernardini Annalisa , Antonioli Elisabetta , Rota-Scalabrini Delia , Cellini Claudia , Pompa Alessandra , Monaco Federico , Patriarca Francesca , Caravita di Toritto Tommaso , Corradini Paolo , Tacchetti Paola , Boccadoro Mario , Bringhen Sara 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd) is standard treatment for elderly patients with multiple myeloma (MM). In this randomized phase 3 study, we investigated efficacy and feasibility of dose/schedule-adjusted Rd followed by maintenance at 10 mg per day without dexamethasone (Rd-R) vs continuous Rd in elderly, intermediate-fit newly diagnosed patients with MM. Primary end point was event-free survival (EFS), defined as progression/death from any cause, lenalidomide discontinuation, or hematologic grade 4 or nonhematologic grade 3 to 4 adverse event (AE). Of 199 evaluable patients, 101 received Rd-R and 98 continuous Rd. Median follow-up was 37 months. EFS was 10.4 vs 6.9 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51-0.95; P = .02); median progression-free survival, 20.2 vs 18.3 months (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.55-1.10; P = .16); and 3-year overall survival, 74% vs 63% (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.37-1.03; P = .06) with Rd-R vs Rd, respectively. Rate of ≥1 nonhematologic grade ≥3 AE was 33% vs 43% (P = .14) in Rd-R vs Rd groups, with neutropenia (21% vs 18%), infections (10% vs 12%), and skin disorders (7% vs 3%) the most frequent; constitutional and central nervous system AEs mainly related to dexamethasone were more frequent with Rd. Lenalidomide was discontinued for AEs in 24% vs 30% and reduced in 45% vs 62% of patients receiving Rd-R vs Rd, respectively. In intermediate-fit patients, switching to reduced-dose lenalidomide maintenance without dexamethasone after 9 Rd cycles was feasible, with similar outcomes to standard continuous Rd. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02215980.
Chip Formation Mechanism of Inconel 718: A Review of Models and Approaches
Authors: Liu Chun , Wan Min , Zhang Weihong , Yang Yun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInconel 718, a nickel, chrome and iron alloy, has special advantages, such as high-temperature strength, thermal resistance and corrosion resistance, which facilitate wide usage in the aerospace industry, especially in the hot sections of gas turbine engines. However, machining this alloy is correlated closely with the material’s inherent properties such as excellent combination of strength, hardness and toughness, low thermal conductivity and the tendency to adhere to cutting tools. This nickel alloy also contains inclusions of hard abrasive carbide particles that lead to work-hardening of the workpiece material and thus abrasive wear of the cutting tool. That is, the machining of Inconel 718 is always influenced by high mechanical and thermal loads. This article reviews the chip formation mechanism of Inconel 718. One of the main characteristics in machining of Inconel 718 is that it will produce serrated or segmented chips in a wide range of cutting speeds and feeds. Existing studies show that the chip serration or segmentation by shear localization affects the machined surface integrity, and also contributes to the chip’s evacuation and the automation of machining operations. Thus, research conclusion indicates that the serrated or segmented chip phenomenon is desirable in reducing the level of cutting force, and detailed analysis of models and approaches to understand the chip formation mechanism of Inconel 718 is vital for machining this alloy effectively and efficiently. Therefore, this article presents some summaries on the models and approaches on the chip formation in machining of Inconel 718.
The Rice GLYCINE-RICH PROTEIN 3 Confers Drought Tolerance by Regulating mRNA Stability of ROS Scavenging-Related Genes
Authors: Shim Jae Sung , Park Su-Hyun , Lee Dong-Keun , Kim Youn Shic , Park Soo-Chul , Redillas Mark Christian Felipe R. , Seo Jun Sung , Kim Ju-Kon 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Plant glycine-rich proteins are categorized into several classes based on their protein structures. The glycine-rich RNA binding proteins (GRPs) are members of class IV subfamily possessing N-terminus RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs) and proposed to be involved in post-transcriptional regulation of its target transcripts. GRPs are involved in developmental process and cellular stress responses, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these regulations are still elusive.

Results
Here, we report the functional characterization of rice GLYCINE-RICH PROTEIN 3 (OsGRP3) and its physiological roles in drought stress response. Both drought stress and ABA induce the expression of OsGRP3. Transgenic plants overexpressing OsGRP3 (OsGRP3OE) exhibited tolerance while knock-down plants (OsGRP3KD) were susceptible to drought compared to the non-transgenic control. In vivo, subcellular localization analysis revealed that OsGRP3-GFP was transported from cytoplasm/nucleus into cytoplasmic foci following exposure to ABA and mannitol treatments. Comparative transcriptomic analysis between OsGRP3OE and OsGRP3KD plants suggests that OsGRP3 is involved in the regulation of the ROS related genes. RNA-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed the associations of OsGRP3 with PATHOGENESIS RELATED GENE 5 (PR5), METALLOTHIONEIN 1d (MT1d), 4,5-DOPA-DIOXYGENASE (DOPA), and LIPOXYGENASE (LOX) transcripts. The half-life analysis showed that PR5 transcripts decayed slower in OsGRP3OE but faster in OsGRP3KD, while MT1d and LOX transcripts decayed faster in OsGRP3OE but slower in OsGRP3KD plants. H2O2 accumulation was reduced in OsGRP3OE and increased in OsGRP3KD plants compared to non-transgenic plants (NT) under drought stress.

Conclusion
OsGRP3 plays a positive regulator in rice drought tolerance and modulates the transcript level and mRNA stability of stress-responsive genes, including ROS-related genes. Moreover, OsGRP3 contributes to the reduction of ROS accumulation during drought stress. Our results suggested that OsGRP3 alleviates ROS accumulation by regulating ROS-related genes’ mRNA stability under drought stress, which confers drought tolerance.
Identification of regulatory factors promoting embryogenic callus formation in barley through transcriptome analysis
Authors: Suo Jingqi , Zhou Chenlu , Zeng Zhanghui , Li Xipu , Bian Hongwu , Wang Junhui , Zhu Muyuan , Han Ning 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundBarley is known to be recalcitrant to tissue culture, which hinders genetic transformation and its biotechnological application. To date, the ideal explant for transformation remains limited to immature embryos; the mechanism underlying embryonic callus formation is elusive.ResultsThis study aimed to uncover the different transcription regulation pathways between calli formed from immature (IME) and mature (ME) embryos through transcriptome sequencing. We showed that incubation of embryos in an auxin-rich medium caused dramatic changes in gene expression profiles within 48 h. Overall, 9330 and 11,318 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in the IME and ME systems, respectively. 3880 DEGs were found to be specific to IME_0h/IME_48h, and protein phosphorylation, regulation of transcription, and oxidative-reduction processes were the most common gene ontology categories of this group. Twenty-threeIAA, fourteenARF, eightSAUR, threeYUC, and fourPINgenes were found to be differentially expressed during callus formation. The effect of callus-inducing medium (CIM) onIAAgenes was broader in the IME system than in the ME system, indicating that auxin response participates in regulating cell reprogramming during callus formation.BBM,LEC1, andPLT2exhibited a significant increase in expression levels in the IME system but were not activated in the ME system.WUSshowed a more substantial growth trend in the IME system than in the ME system, suggesting that these embryonic, shoot, and root meristem genes play crucial roles in determining the acquisition of competency. Moreover, epigenetic regulators, includingSUVH3A,SUVH2A, andHDA19B/703, exhibited differential expression patterns between the two induction systems, indicating that epigenetic reprogramming might contribute to gene expression activation/suppression in this process. Furthermore, we examined the effect of ectopic expression ofHvBBMandHvWUSonAgrobacterium-mediated barley transformation. The transformation efficiency in the group expressing thePLTPpro:HvBBM + Axig1pro:HvWUSconstruct was increased by three times that in the control (empty vector) because of enhanced plant regeneration capacity.ConclusionsWe identified some regulatory factors that might contribute to the differential responses of the two explants to callus induction and provide a promising strategy to improve transformation efficiency in barley.
Genome-wide association study reveals the genetic basis of yield- and quality-related traits in wheat
Authors: Gao Le , Meng Chengsheng , Yi Tengfei , Xu Ke , Cao Huiwen , Zhang Shuhua , Yang Xueju , Zhao Yong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying the loci and dissecting the genetic architecture underlying wheat yield- and quality-related traits are essential for wheat breeding. A genome-wide association study was conducted using a high-density 90 K SNP array to analyze the yield- and quality-related traits of 543 bread wheat varieties.ResultsA total of 11,140 polymorphic SNPs were distributed on 21 chromosomes, including 270 significant SNPs associated with 25 yield- and quality-related traits. Additionally, 638 putative candidate genes were detected near the significant SNPs based on BLUP data, including three (TraesCS7A01G482000,TraesCS4B01G343700, andTraesCS6B01G295400) related to spikelet number per spike, diameter of the first internode, and grain volume. The three candidate genes were further analyzed using stage- and tissue- specific gene expression data derived from an RNA-seq analysis. These genes are promising candidates for enhancing yield- and quality-related traits in wheat.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide a new insight to understand the genetic basis of wheat yield and quality. Furthermore, the markers detected in this study may be applicable for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs.
The Association of Intraoperative driving pressure with postoperative pulmonary complications in open versus closed abdominal surgery patients – a posthoc propensity score–weighted cohort analysis of the LAS VEGAS study
Authors:   for the LAS VEGAS study–investigators, Mazzinari Guido ,   the PROtective VEntilation NETwork,   the Clinical Trial Network of the European Society of Anaesthesiology, Serpa Neto Ary , Hemmes Sabrine N. T. , Hedenstierna Goran , Jaber Samir , Hiesmayr Michael , Hollmann Markus W. , Mills Gary H. , Vidal Melo Marcos F. , Pearse Rupert M. , Putensen Christian , Schmid Werner , Severgnini Paolo , Wrigge Hermann , Cambronero Oscar Diaz , Ball Lorenzo , de Abreu Marcelo Gama , Pelosi Paolo , Schultz Marcus J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
It is uncertain whether the association of the intraoperative driving pressure (ΔP) with postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) depends on the surgical approach during abdominal surgery. Our primary objective was to determine and compare the association of time–weighted average ΔP (ΔPTW) with PPCs. We also tested the association of ΔPTW with intraoperative adverse events.

Methods
Posthoc retrospective propensity score–weighted cohort analysis of patients undergoing open or closed abdominal surgery in the ‘Local ASsessment of Ventilatory management during General Anaesthesia for Surgery’ (LAS VEGAS) study, that included patients in 146 hospitals across 29 countries. The primary endpoint was a composite of PPCs. The secondary endpoint was a composite of intraoperative adverse events.

Results
The analysis included 1128 and 906 patients undergoing open or closed abdominal surgery, respectively. The PPC rate was 5%. ΔP was lower in open abdominal surgery patients, but ΔPTW was not different between groups. The association of ΔPTW with PPCs was significant in both groups and had a higher risk ratio in closed compared to open abdominal surgery patients (1.11 [95%CI 1.10 to 1.20], P <  0.001 versus 1.05 [95%CI 1.05 to 1.05], P <  0.001; risk difference 0.05 [95%CI 0.04 to 0.06], P <  0.001). The association of ΔPTW with intraoperative adverse events was also significant in both groups but had higher odds ratio in closed compared to open abdominal surgery patients (1.13 [95%CI 1.12– to 1.14], P <  0.001 versus 1.07 [95%CI 1.05 to 1.10], P <  0.001; risk difference 0.05 [95%CI 0.030.07], P <  0.001).

Conclusions
ΔP is associated with PPC and intraoperative adverse events in abdominal surgery, both in open and closed abdominal surgery.

Trial registration
LAS VEGAS was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (trial identifier NCT01601223).
Muscle mass rather than muscle strength or physical performance is associated with metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling older Chinese adults
Authors: Song Peiyu , Han Peipei , Zhao Yinjiao , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Liyan , Tao Zhuoying , Jiang Zhengxing , Shen Shijing , Wu Yunxiao , Wu Jiajie , Chen Xiaoyu , Yu Xing , Zhao Yong , Guo Qi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to examine whether muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance were associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in community-dwelling older Chinese adults.

Methods
The study comprised of 1413 community-dwelling Chinese participants (577 men; mean ± standard deviation age: 71.3 ± 5.9) recruited from Tianjin and Shanghai, China who were invited to participate in a comprehensive geriatric assessment. The International Diabetes Federation metabolic syndrome guidelines were used to define MetS, including high waist circumference, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose, elevated triglycerides, and reduced HDL cholesterol. Muscle mass was measured by appendicular skeletal muscle mass/weight (ASM/weight), and ASM was measured by BIA. Muscle strength was measured using grip strength. Physical performance was represented by walking speed and the time up and go test (TUGT).

Results
The overall prevalence of MetS was 46.8% (34.1% in males and 55.5% in females). In the final logistic regression model, there was a significant, graded inverse association between muscle mass and MetS (p for trend = 0.014). Muscle strength and physical performance, including walking speed and TUGT, were not associated with overall MetS. In the components of MetS, muscle mass and grip strength were significantly inversely associated with high waist circumference and elevated blood pressure (p < 0.05), while physical performance was not associated with components of MetS.

Conclusions
Compared with muscle strength and muscle function, muscle mass was inversely associated with MetS in a community-dwelling elderly Chinese population. Among muscle mass、muscle strength and physical performance, muscle mass appears to have the strongest association with MetS in the elderly.