bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-Cov-2 Clearance in Term of Cycle Threshold (Ct) During First Two Waves of COVID-19 in Pakistan: A Phenomenon of Delayed Viral Clearance Post- Corticosteroid Treatment.
Authors: Saeed Umar , Uppal Sara Rizwan , Piracha Zahra Zahid , Uppal Rizwan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is recently emerged virus, which caused millions of deaths, all over the world. To tackle COVID-19 pandemic, there is an utmost need for in-depth analysis of viral replication. We aimed to examine viral load in SARS-CoV-2 patients during first two waves of COVID-19 in Pakistan. 225,615 suspected subjects from 75 different regions of Pakistan were selected in the study. SARS-CoV-2 RNAs were detected via real time PCR. During first wave (period of June-July, 2020) of COVID-19 the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 20.38%. However during second wave (period of November-December, 2020) of COVID-19, the rate of prevalence was 9.41%. During first wave of COVID-19 96.31% of participants remained PCR positive for 14 to 21 days, 3.39% of subjects showed positive results for 22 to 35 days, while delayed Ct values were observed among 0.26% of participants for 36 to 49 days. However, during second wave of COVID-19 89.31% of the subjects exhibited symptoms and showed real-time PCR positive results for 14 to 21 days, 9.42% showed positive results for 22 to 35 days, while significantly delayed Ct value results were observed among 1.026% of participants for 36 to 63 days (3.95 times higher than first wave). In contrast to first wave of COVID-19, the factors that were different in second wave were neither viral (different strains) nor host (same population). But treatment factors changed significantly. As during second wave besides azithromycin, corticosteroid dexamethasone consumption was increased consequently causing delayed Ct value negativity. This suggests that corticosteroid treatment might be linked with delayed Ct value or viral clearance. This study is crucial for re-considering effective therapeutic options against COVID-19.
Parasites and Parasitic Diseases of Laboratory Animals in Plateau State Nigeria: The Zoonotic Implications
Authors: Akanbi Olatunde B. , Ola-Fadunsin Shola David , Yahaya Sadiq , Kaye Rebecca , Shamaki Rebecca 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Parasitic infections in laboratory animals, are detrimental to the success of researches and can also infect personnel and researchers. This study is aimed at investigating the parasitic infections of laboratory animals maintained in animal houses of The National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria, as well determining the zoonotic implications of the parasites. Two hundred and six laboratory animals (55 guinea pigs, 72 rabbits, 29 rats and 50 mice) were sampled. Faecal samples and skin scrapings were collected and subjected to parasitological analyses. Pathological examinations were conducted on laboratory animals that had skin lesions. Sixteen different species comprising of 7 nematodes, 5 cestodes, 3 protozoans, and 1 mite were detected. Eimeria species (40/206; 19.42%; 95% CI = 14.44 – 25.25) was the most prevalent parasite, followed by Syphacia muris (26/206; 12.62%; 95% CI = 8.59 – 17.69). Entamoeba caviae, Tritrichomonas caviae, Rodentolepis microstoma, Rodentolepis nana, Heterakis spumosa, Capillaria hepatica and Cysticercus fasciolaris were the least prevalent with a 0.49% prevalence each. Three, four, five and six different species of parasites were detected in mice, guinea pigs, rats and rabbits respectively. The Chi square analysis revealed that the infection rate of parasites was significantly higher (p = <0.01) in mice compared to guinea pigs, rabbits and rats. Of the Sixteen species of parasites detected, Eimeria species, Syphacia muris, Rodentolepis diminuta, Rodentolepis microstoma, Rodentolepis nana, and Capillaria hepatica are zoonotic. This study showed that 40.29% of the studied laboratory animals were infected with one parasite species or the other. The outcome of this study stresses the zoonotic implications of the parasites detected. We thereby advise researchers and handlers to take caution and apply utmost sanitary measures in the handling of laboratory animals so as to prevent themselves from been infected with these zoonotic parasites.
Modelling and Solving Assembly Line Worker Assignment and Balancing Problem with Sequence-Dependent Setup Times
Authors: YILMAZ Hamid 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Assembly lines appear with various differentiations in order to better include the disabled in the labor market and to increase production efficiency. In this way, the optimal workforce assignment problem that emerges heterogeneously is called assembly line worker assignment and balancing problem (ALWABP). This paper addresses the ALWABP where the simple version is enriched by considering sequence-dependent setup times between tasks. A mixed integer linear programming model is presented and a simulated annealing algorithm is developed such as an NP-hard problem. In order to test the proposed solutions, 640 benchmark problems in the literature were combined and used. The solutions obtained through using the proposed algorithm are compared with the mixed integer programming model on the small-size test problems. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is more effective and robust for a large set of benchmark problems.
High-resolution imaging of mitochondria and mitochondrial nucleoids in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: Annuario Emily , Ng Kristal Y-W , Vagnoni Alessio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles which form intricate networks with complex dynamics. Mitochondrial transport and distribution are essential to ensure proper cell function, especially in cells with an extremely polarised morphology such as neurons. A layer of complexity is added when considering mitochondria have their own genome, packaged into nucleoids. Major mitochondrial morphological transitions, for example mitochondrial division, often occur in conjunction with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication and changes in the dynamic behaviour of the nucleoids. However, the relationship between mtDNA dynamics and mitochondrial motility in the processes of neurons has been largely overlooked. In this chapter, we describe a method for live imaging of mitochondria and nucleoids in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells by instant structured illumination microscopy (iSIM). We also include a detailed protocol for the differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells into cells with a pronounced neuronal-like morphology and show examples of coordinated mitochondrial and nucleoid motility in the long processes of these cells.
Physical activity and barriers and facilitators in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or spondyloarthritis: a cross-sectional study of 150 patients
Authors: DAVERGNE Thomas , Tekaya Rawdha , Sellam Jérémie , Tounadre Anne , Mitrovic Stephane , Ruyssen-Witrand Adeline , Hudry Christophe , Dadoun Sabrina , Avouac Jérôme , Fautrel Bruno , Gossec Laure 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBarriers and facilitators to physical activity in inflammatory arthritis can be assessed through the Inflammatory arthritis Facilitators and barriers questionnaire (IFAB) questionnaire. The objective was to measure the correlation between IFAB and self-reported physical activity levels.MethodsThis was an international, multicentric, cross-sectional study in 2019-20 (NCT04426747). Consecutive spondyloarthritis (axSpA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients completed the 10-item IFAB, ranging − 70 to 70 with lower scores indicating more barriers. Physical activity was measured by the IPAQ-S questionnaire, steps per day collected by smartphone, and psychological readiness to change by stages of behavior change. Spearman correlations and multivariable linear regression were calculated.ResultsOf 245 patients included, 150 were analysed: 69 (46%) axSpA, 63 (42%) RA, 18 (12%) PsA. Mean age was 48.6 years (standard deviation, SD 17.1), mean disease duration 11.7 (10.1) years and 60% were women. Barriers to physical activity were moderate: mean IFAB, 6 (SD 19.2); 39 (26%) patients scored less than − 5, corresponding to significant barriers. The mean physical activity was 2837 (SD 2668, median 1784) MET-minutes per week. Physical activity was correlated with the IFAB (rho 0.28, p < 0.001), as well as the stage of behavior change (rho 0.35, p < 0.001) though not with steps per day. Multivariable analyses were confirmatory.ConclusionPerceived barriers and facilitators to physical activity were correlated with physical activity, indicating that targeting patients with high barriers and low facilitators to physical activity could be an effective option to improve physical activity levels.Trial registration on ClinicalTrialNCT04426747. Registered 11 June 2011 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04426747
Gnuplot Helper – a new Utility for gnuplot Graph Plotting Software
Authors: Deb Dwaipayan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

The gnuplot is a well known software for graph plotting in the field of science andengineering. It is a command based software originally built for Linuxenvironment, however now it’s available for other operating systems too. Thepresent review discusses overview of a utility software namely Gnuplot Helper tobe used with gnuplot. This utility can generate and run gnuplot scripts in GraphicalUser Interface mode very easily and can save the output as an image file which canbe used in research papers or other purposes. This paper also discusses how to usethe software.
Feral pigeons as a nest competitor for a small seabird
Authors: Rodríguez Beneharo , Rodríguez Airam , Siverio Felipe , Martínez Juan Manuel , Sacramento Enrique , Acosta Yarci 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to their life-history traits, the petrels are particularly sensitive to predation by introduced species. Therefore, many populations have constricted their original breeding distribution range, currently only occupying predator-free sites. In this scenario, interspecific competition for nesting sites can be detrimental for the petrel’ conservation. Here, we evaluate how the presence of introduced mammals (cats Felis catus and rats Rattus spp.) and potential competitors for nest sites (Cory’s shearwaters Calonectris borealis and feral rock pigeons Columba livia) shape the distribution, breeding density, and breeding performance of the Bulwer’s petrel Bulweria bulwerii on Tenerife, the largest and most densely populated of the Canary Islands. We estimated nest density, assessed the role of nest location and nest characteristics on breeding success, and determined causes of breeding failure by exotic predators and competitors. Nest density was higher in predator-free colonies on marine rocks. Cat presence was the best predictor for nest density, while presence or abundance of competitors had no correlation to nest density. Breeding success varied between years and colonies, but was not related to nest characteristics. Of the unequivocally determined causes of breeding failure, pigeon competition for nests was the most frequent (7.3%), followed by rat predation (6.3%). We also compared petrel and pigeon nest cavities and found a considerable overlap in nesting niche. Our study provides insight on an overlooked impact of the invasive rock pigeon: nest competition with small seabirds. We encourage more research on the effects of pigeons on nest density, disease and pathogen transmission, and vegetation changes within petrel colonies.
C−H•••F−C Interactions: A Guide for Designing Fluorous Monodentate Ligands for the Highly Linear-Selective Hydroformylation at Near-Ambient Pressure
Authors: Deng Yuchao , Liu Xiaofang , Wei Baiyin , Zhou Zhimin , Hua Kaimin , Chen Junjun , Li Shenggang , Wang Hui , Wang Xiao , Sun Yuhan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Organofluorine compounds often exhibit unique catalytic capabilities with novel structural scaffold, reactivity and mechanisms. Herein, we report a Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation under mild conditions using monodentate phosphite ligands P(OCH2CF3)3 (TTFP) and P(OCH2CF2CH3)3 (TDFP). The ligand were designed with the principle that the inclusion of fluorine-rich group can significantly change the physical and chemical properties of the complex through H•••F hydrogen bonds, the existence of which has been confirmed by crystal-packing studies. These monodentate phosphite ligands self-assemble to form bidentate ligands through C–H•••F–C interactions, and catalysts based on these ligands deliver extremely high regioselectivities in hydroformylation. Aldehydes were formed with up to 92% chemoselectivity, with linear aldehydes formed in high regioselectivity (n:iso=28/1) under a syngas pressure of only 2 atm.
SVM Classification of Brain Gray Matter Volume Predicts Classic Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Peng Xinji , Chen You , Zhao Guoshu , Du Huifang , Hu Ziyi , He Laichang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown gray matter(GM) abnormalities in the central nervous system at the group level, but this method is limited because it is based on single or cluster voxels. In contrast, machine learning makes full use of all available empirical information, including differences in brain images or behavioral data, to classify or predict data and ensure good generalization ability. This approach has potential use as a prediction tool at the individual level. We thus hypothesized that a multivariate pattern classification method may distinguish classic trigeminal neuralgia(CTN) patients from healthy controls(HC) based on gray matter volume(GMV).Methods: Resting-state fMRI scans in 24 CTN and 22 HC were processed to extract whole-brain GMV. Based on this feature dataset, take the method of Spearman, T-test, F-score, principal component analysis(PCA) respectively to reduce the feature dimension. Applying a linear support vector machine(SVM) algorithm to differentiate CTN and HC. And extract the features that survive each iteration. Pearson correlation analysis was then used to assess the correlations between the deci_value(the distance from the sample to the optimal hyperplane) and VAS scores and pain duration respectively in CTN patients.Results: Compared with other methods of feature dimension reduction, PCA has a higher ability to correctly classify an individual with an accuracy of 85%(AUC 0.9223; 91.67% sensitivity; 86.36% specificity, p<0.001). And the features that survive each iteration were concentrated in the region of the left anterior cingulate cortex(ACC_L), right superior frontal gyrus(SFG_R), and bilateral cerebellum inferior(CI). In the CTN group, deci_value was positively correlated with the VAS scores in PCA(r=0.42, P=0.041, two-tailed). While there was no difference between deci_value and VAS scores in F-score, T-test, Spearman(r=0.39,p=0.06/r=0.36,p=0.09/r=0.37,p=0.08 respectively). Also, we did not find significant correlations between the pain duration for CTN patients and deci_value among the four methods of feature dimension reduction(P > 0.05).Conclusions: This study demonstrates that machine-learning algorithms can detect characteristic patterns of structural alterations in TN, and not only highlights the high accuracy of the PCA method, but also the role of ACC, SFG, and CI for classification.
Merengkuh Bumi Merawat Semesta: Mengupayakan Hermeneutik Ekologis dalam Rangka Menanggapi Kerusakan Lingkungan Dewasa Ini
Authors: Putra Darius Ade 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Since the 1960s, started by Lynn White, Christianity has begun to get attacks because it is considered to have triggered ecological damage. Christianity through the teachings of the Bible is accused of legitimizing absolute anthropocentric ideas which then give rise to expansive actions to the environment and nature. In the midst of the massive damage to the environment and in order to fi nd a possible solution to this problem, it is felt necessary to resonance the new approach to the Scriptures that further explores the sound of the earth. One approach that can be developed is ecological hermeneutics. Based on several principles it is possible to see and understand the biblical text from the perspective of the earth. In addittion, this approach will be elaborated with local wisdom so that it can help the text contextualization process. In the end, a new paradigm is expected to encourage awareness of the importance to tend the universe.

Abstrak
Sejak tahun 1960an, dimulai oleh Lynn White, Kekristenan mulai mendapat serangan karena dinilai telah menjadi pemicu kerusakan ekologi. Kekristenan melalui ajaran Alkitab dituduh melegitimasi gagasan-gagasan antroposentris absolut yang kemudian melahirkan tinndakan- tindakan ekspansif terhadap lingkungan dan alam. Di tengah masifnya kerusakan lingkungan dan dalam rangka mencari kemungkinan jalan keluar dari persoalan ini, dirasa perlu untuk menggemakan pendekatan baru pada Kitab Suci yang lebih mengeksplorasi suara bumi. Salah satu pendekatan yang bisa dikembangkan adalah hermeneutik ekologi. Berdasarkan beberapa prinsip-prinsipnya memungkinkan untuk melihat dan memahami teks Alkitab dari perspektif bumi. Selain itu, pendekatan ini akan dielaborasi dengan local widom agar membantu proses kontekstualisasi teks. Pada akhirnya diharapkan sebuah paradigma baru yang mendorong kesadaran akan pentingnya merawat alam semesta.
Discharge estimation for trapezoidal open channels applying fuzzy transformation method to a flow equation
Authors: Samarinas N. , Evangelides C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to implement fuzzy logic theory in order to estimate the discharge for open channels, which is a well-known physical problem affected by many factors. The problem can be solved by the Manning equation but the parameters present uncertainties as to their true-real values. Especially, the Manning n roughness coefficient, which is an empirically derived coefficient, presents quite a high variation for different substrates. With the help of fuzzy logic and utilizing a fuzzy transformation method, it is possible to include the uncertainties of the problem in the calculation process. In this case, it is feasible to estimate the discharge, putting more emphasis on different uncertainty rates of the Manning roughness coefficient, while the rest of the parameters remain with constant or zero uncertainty level. By taking different α-cut levels, it is shown that the methodology gives realistic and reliable results, presenting with great accuracy the variations of the water discharge for trapezoidal open channels. In this way, a possible underestimation or overestimation of the actual physical condition is avoided, by helping engineers and researchers to obtain a more comprehensive view of the real physical conditions, and thus make better management plans.
Sytuacja prawna rodziny pacjenta w stanie terminalnym
Authors: Kruczkowski Mateusz 
Published: May 2021

Stan terminalny pacjenta wywiera konkretny wpływ na jego rodzinę. Na tą rzeczywistość, której podlega rodzina pacjenta składa się m.in.: lęk, obawa przed samotnością, bezradnością, śmiercią, umieraniem, otrzymaniem potrzebnego sprzętu, awarią sprzętu, bólem i cierpieniem chorego, pogorszeniem statusu ma-terialnego, izolacją społeczną, widokiem i kontaktem z ciałem zmarłego, swoimi emocjami, czy reakcją na śmierć innych członków rodziny. Opieka paliatywna to działanie, które poprawia jakość życia chorych i ich rodzin, stojących wobec problemów związanych z zagrażającą życiu, postępującą chorobą, poprzez zapobieganie i znoszenie cierpienia dzięki wczesnej identyfikacji oraz ocena i leczenie bólu i innych problemów: somatycznych, psychologicznych, socjalnych i duchowych. Stanowi więc ona adekwatną reakcję na stan człowieka będącego w fazie terminalnej oraz jego rodziny. Sytuacja administracyjnoprawna rodziny pacjenta w stanie terminalnym po-zostaje w funkcji sytuacji chorego terminalnie i jest z nią (z tą sytuacją) silnie sprzężona. Oznacza to, że im bardziej będzie poprawiać się sytuacja administracyjnoprawna pacjenta, tym lepsza będzie sytuacja administracyjnoprawna jego rodziny. Co oznacza lepsza? Punkt wyjścia stanowi dla nas prawo do godnego umierania, zakotwiczone w Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. To właśnie w tymprawie, prawie do umierania w spokoju największym z możliwych i z należną mu ludzką godnością, ukonkretnia się godność człowieka w fazie terminalnej.
Efecto de cultivos piscícolas en los sedimentos y la proliferación de comunidades bacterianas nitrificantes en el lago Guamuez, Colombia
Authors: Burbano-Gallardo Elizabeth , Nivia-Duque Guillermo , Imues-Figueroa Marco , Gonzalez-Legarda Edgar , Gómez-Delgado Mario , Pantoja-Díaz Jonny 
Published: May 2021

La piscicultura altera los sedimentos y la microbiota en cuerpos de agua debido a los residuos de concentrados, sustancias químicas y desechos provenientes del metabolismo de los animales en producción. El presente estudio determinó el efecto de la producción extensiva, semiintensiva e intensiva de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) en los sedimentos y la proliferación de comunidades bacterianas nitrificantes. Se analizó nitrógeno total, fósforo total, carbono orgánico total y materia orgánica, y su relación con la presencia de bacterias nitrificantes (bacterias oxidantes de amonio [BOA] y bacterias oxidantes de nitritos [BON]) en el sedimento del lago Guamuez, ubicado en el departamento de Nariño, Colombia. Los datos recolectados fueron sometidos a un análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y de correlación múltiple, usando el software Statgraphics Centurion XV. Las variables evaluadas presentaron diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) entre los tres sistemas de cultivo y el punto control. Se encontró una correlación alta y positiva entre las bacterias nitrificantes y los compuestos nitrogenados, la materia orgánica y el fósforo medidos en el sedimento. Se concluyó que la presencia de bacterias nitrificantes depende de las cantidades de compuestos nitrogenados y materia orgánica existentes en el sedimento e incrementa a medida que se intensifica el sistema productivo.