bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A quantitative analysis of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juvenile dentition as a tool to assess the effect of diet
Authors: de Azevedo A.M. , Fontanillas R. , Owen M.A.G. , Busti S. , Parma L. , Bonaldo A. , Witten P.E. , Huysseune A. 
Published: April 2021

Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 (Perciformes, Sparidae)) is an important aquaculture species in the Mediterranean Sea basin. Yet, quantitative data on its dentition under standard farming conditions are currently lacking. Furthermore, it is unknown if the dentition can adapt to food of different sizes. Here, we describe the lower jaw dentition of juvenile S. aurata fed a standard pellet size (4 mm) and present a detailed analysis of 11 representative teeth. Overall, the number of teeth showed large individual variation, but it was not significantly related to fish length. Considerable left–right differences were observed, without clear side dominance. We also assessed the influence of feeding S. aurata a smaller (2 mm) or larger (6 mm) pellet size. Four months of feeding with different pellet sizes did not cause detectable differences in total tooth number on the dentaries at the time of harvest, nor in size of the teeth assumed to be most relevant in food processing. If and how different pellet sizes may nevertheless affect digestion, and eventually fish health, is subject for further studies.
Dynamic wormhole geometries in hybrid metric-Palatini gravity
Authors: Kord Zangeneh Mahdi , Lobo Francisco S. N. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this work, we analyse the evolution of time-dependent traversable wormhole geometries in a Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker background in the context of the scalar–tensor representation of hybrid metric-Palatini gravity. We deduce the energy–momentum profile of the matter threading the wormhole spacetime in terms of the background quantities, the scalar field, the scale factor and the shape function, and find specific wormhole solutions by considering a barotropic equation of state for the background matter. We find that particular cases satisfy the null and weak energy conditions for all times. In addition to the barotropic equation of state, we also explore a specific evolving wormhole spacetime, by imposing a traceless energy–momentum tensor for the matter threading the wormhole and find that this geometry also satisfies the null and weak energy conditions at all times.
Constraints on long range force from perihelion precession of planets in a gauged $$L_e-L_{\mu ,\tau }$$ scenario
Authors: Poddar Tanmay Kumar , Mohanty Subhendra , Jana Soumya 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe standard model leptons can be gauged in an anomaly free way by three possible gauge symmetries namely $${L_e-L_\mu }$$

L
e

-

L
μ

, $${L_e-L_\tau }$$

L
e

-

L
τ

, and $${L_\mu -L_\tau }$$

L
μ

-

L
τ

. Of these, $${L_e-L_\mu }$$

L
e

-

L
μ

and $${L_e-L_\tau }$$

L
e

-

L
τ

forces can mediate between the Sun and the planets and change the perihelion precession of planetary orbits. It is well known that a deviation from the $$1/r^2$$

1
/

r
2

Newtonian force can give rise to a perihelion advancement in the planetary orbit, for instance, as in the well known case of Einstein’s gravity (GR) which was tested from the observation of the perihelion advancement of the Mercury. We consider the long range Yukawa potential which arises between the Sun and the planets if the mass of the gauge boson is $$M_{Z^{\prime }}\le \mathcal {O}(10^{-19})\mathrm {eV}$$

M

Z
′

≤
O

(

10

-
19

)

eV

. We derive the formula of perihelion advancement for Yukawa type fifth force due to the mediation of such $$U(1)_{L_e-L_{\mu ,\tau }}$$

U

(
1
)

L
e

-

L

μ
,
τ

gauge bosons. The perihelion advancement for Yukawa potential is proportional to the square of the semi major axis of the orbit for small $$M_{Z^{\prime }}$$

M

Z
′

, unlike GR where it is largest for the nearest planet. For higher values of $$M_{Z^{\prime }}$$

M

Z
′

, an exponential suppression of the perihelion advancement occurs. We take the observational limits for all planets for which the perihelion advancement is measured and we obtain the upper bound on the gauge boson coupling g for all the planets. The Mars gives the stronger bound on g for the mass range $$\le 10^{-19}\mathrm {eV}$$

≤

10

-
19

eV

and we obtain the exclusion plot. This mass range of gauge boson can be a possible candidate of fuzzy dark matter whose effect can therefore be observed in the precession measurement of the planetary orbits.
Diogenes Laertius 7.134
Authors: Frede †Michael 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In describing the Stoic principles, the manuscript tradition of DL 7.134 preserves readings which variously call them σώματα, ‘bodies’, or ἀσώματα, ‘incorporeals’; but the Suida quotes this passage with ἀσωμάτους, ‘incorporeal’. This paper shows that the Suida has the best reading (and that, in any case, σώματα is least likely to be right). This is not the only, or the clearest, case where the Suida can correct our text: another example considered here concerns DL 7.74.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing and Vestibular Loss in a Case of Relapsing Polychondritis
Authors: Akdoğan Özge , Exilus Smirnov , Ward Bryan K. , McArthur Justin C. , Della Santina Charles C. , Carey John P. 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: To report a case of profound bilateral sensorineural hearing and vestibular loss from relapsing polychondritis and hearing outcomes after cochlear implantation. Methods: Case report and literature review. Results: A 43 year-old woman developed sudden loss of hearing and balance that progressed over several weeks to bilateral, profound hearing and vestibular loss. Steroid treatments were ineffective. She underwent vestibular physical therapy and left cochlear implantation. About 10 months after her initial presentation, she developed erythema, warmth, swelling, and pain of the left auricle sparing the lobule, flattening of the bridge of her nose, and right ankle swelling, warmth, and skin erythema. A biopsy of the left auricle revealed histopathologic findings consistent with relapsing polychondritis. She was treated with high dose prednisolone. The ear inflammation resolved, however, despite excellent auditory response to pure tone thresholds, the patient reported no improvement in speech perception after cochlear implantation. Conclusions: Relapsing polychondritis can present with rapidly progressive, profound loss of hearing and vestibular function. Hearing outcomes after cochlear implantation can include poor speech discrimination despite good pure tone detection thresholds.
Sleep Dysfunction is an Independent Predictor of Productivity Losses in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Oakley Gretchen M. , Smith Kristine A. , Ashby Shaelene , Orlandi Richard R. , Alt Jeremiah A. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is known to have a significant impact on economic productivity. Sleep dysfunction is associated with staggering productivity losses and is highly prevalent in patients with CRS. The effect of sleep dysfunction on productivity in CRS has not been elucidated. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep dysfunction and lost productivity in patients with CRS. Methods: Eighty-two adult patients with CRS were prospectively enrolled into a cross-sectional cohort study. Patients with obstructive sleep apnea were excluded. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Presenteeism (reduced work efficiency), absenteeism (missed work days), and lost work, household, and overall productivity were analyzed. The primary aim was assessing the correlation between PSQI and productivity. Regression analyses were performed to account for disease severity, pain, and depression. Results: Sleep dysfunction is significantly correlated with overall lost productivity (R2 = 0.397, P < .05). Presenteeism is the most strongly affected by sleep dysfunction (R2 = –0.441, P < .001). Higher PSQI scores were significantly associated with productivity losses, whereas lower scores were not. Sleep remained an independent predictor of productivity when regression analysis accounted for disease severity, depression, and pain. Conclusion: Sleep dysfunction has a significant association with lost productivity in patients with CRS, particularly with worsening PSQI scores. More clearly defining those components of CRS that most impact a patient’s daily function will allow clinicians to more optimally manage and counsel patients with CRS.
Giant Congenital Blue Nevus Presenting as Cutis Verticis Gyrata: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Cullom Melissa E. , Fraga Garth R. , Reeves Alan R. , Bhavsar Dhaval , Andrews Brian T. 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Cerebriform intradermal nevus and giant congenital blue nevi are rarely reported melanocytic nevi with clinical and histopathologic similarities. Both are known to produce cutis verticis gyrata. We report a significantly large occipital scalp congenital blue nevus with secondary cutis verticis gyrata. The aim of this report is to increase clinical awareness of this entity, highlight histopathologic and mutational features of cerebriform intradermal nevi and giant congenital blue nevi, and stress the importance of clinicopathologic correlation for diagnosis. Methods: Case report and review of the literature. Results: A 20-year-old Asian male presented with a long-standing, large (20 cm × 30 cm), exophytic tumor at the occipital scalp and posterior neck. The skin overlying the lesion was arranged in thick folds resembling the surface of the brain, devoid of hair follicles, and discolored by salt-and-pepper pattern hyperpigmentation. After correlating the clinical and histopathologic findings, we diagnosed giant congenital blue nevus with secondary cutis verticis gyrata. Staged surgical excision was performed with subsequent treatment for hypertrophic scarring and occipital alopecia. Conclusions: Cerebriform intradermal nevus and giant congenital blue nevus have overlapping histologic and clinical features. Head and neck surgeons should be aware that nomenclature of these tumors is subjective and often imprecise. Diagnosis requires correlation of clinical findings, patient history, and histopathology. Surgical excision is advised due to rare malignant transformation potential.
Investigating feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a simulator-based driving intervention for people with acquired brain injury: A randomised controlled pilot study
Authors: Dimech-Betancourt Bleydy , Ponsford Jennie L , Charlton Judith L , Ross Pamela E , Gooden James R , Stolwyk Renerus J 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a driving simulator intervention on driving outcomes following acquired brain injury. Design: Pilot randomised controlled trial. Setting: Occupational therapy driver assessment and rehabilitation service. Subjects: Individuals post-acquired brain injury aiming to return to driving. Intervention: Eight sessions of simulated driver training over four weeks, in addition to usual care. Control: Usual care only. Main measures: Feasibility outcomes: Participant recruitment and retention; data completeness; therapy attendance and fidelity; adverse events. Performance outcomes: on-road driving performance; Simulator Sickness Questionnaire; Brain Injury Driving Self-Awareness Measure and Driving Comfort Scale – Daytime, assessed at baseline and five weeks post-randomisation. Results: Out of 523 individuals screened, 22 (4%) were recruited and randomised, with 20 completing their allocated group ( n = 12 Simulator, n = 8 Usual Care). For those who completed training, session attendance was 100% with simulator sickness rated, on average, as mild. Six individuals (50%) in the Simulator group failed the on-road assessment, versus two (25%) in the Usual Care group ( P = 0.373). On average, the Simulator group reported a positive change in confidence ratings ( M = 5.77, SD = 13.96) compared to the Usual Care group, who reported a negative change ( M = −6.97, SD = 8.47), P = 0.034. The Simulator group ( M = 0.67, SD = 3.34) demonstrated no significant change in self-awareness relative to the Usual Care group ( M = −0.83, SD = 1.83, P = 0.325). Conclusions: With adjustments to inclusion criteria and recruitment strategies, it may be feasible to deliver the intervention and conduct a larger trial. There is potential benefit of simulator training for improving driver confidence after acquired brain injury.
Evaluation of an online motivational interviewing training program for rehabilitation professionals: A pilot study
Authors: Schechter Nicole , Butt Lester , Jacocks Connie , Staguhn Elena , Castillo Renan , Wegener Stephen T. 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of an online motivational interviewing training program for rehabilitation professionals. Design: Pre-post design with two groups. Setting: Private rehabilitation hospital and an academic medical center Subjects: Group 1 included 19 motivational interviewing-experienced rehabilitation professionals. Group 2 included 25 motivational interviewing-naïve rehabilitation professionals. Interventions: Group 1 was exposed to an online motivational training program and Group 2 was exposed to an online motivational training program and a live booster session. Main measures: Motivational interviewing communication skills were measured with an adapted Helpful Responses Questionnaire. Knowledge and attitudes were measured with an adapted Motivational Interviewing Knowledge and Attitudes Test. Confidence, importance, and feasibility for implementing motivational interviewing were measured using the Motivational Interviewing Rulers. Results: Group 1 showed improvement in communication skills (2.6/5–3.3/5; P < 0.05) and confidence (6.0/01–7.4/10; P < 0.01) after online training. Improvements seen in skills and confidence were maintained at three months. Group 2 showed improvement in skills (2.1/5–3.3/5; P < 0.001), knowledge (7.7/10–8.5/10; P < 0.01), confidence (6.4/10–7.5/10; P < 0.01), and importance (8.3/10–8.9/10; P < 0.05) after online training. At three-months post-booster, improvements in communication skills and knowledge were maintained. Conclusions: Online training can be a cost and time effective approach to improve rehabilitation professionals’ skills in motivational interviewing. Follow-up training activities are needed to maintain the level of knowledge and skill improvement.
Complications and Management of Eptifibatide-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Masood Faisal , Hashmi Saad , Chaus Adib , Hertsberg Anna , Ehrenpreis Eli D. 
Published: April 2021

Background Eptifibatide is used in acute coronary syndromes to reversibly block platelet aggregation by inhibiting the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor. A serious adverse effect of eptifibatide is a profound drop in platelet count, termed eptifibatide-induced thrombocytopenia (EIT). Objective To provide insight into the types of complications and management of EIT. Methods Cases of EIT submitted to the Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system were evaluated. Data analyses included management of EIT, complications of thrombocytopenia, initial platelets, and platelet nadir following eptifibatide. Results 103 cases of EIT were reported from January 2010 to 2019; 57 cases met the Naranjo scale and were included. Only 37 of those cases contained information on how EIT was managed. Eptifibatide administration was withheld in all 37 of those cases. Platelet transfusions were administered in 20 cases (54%). Two cases were managed with steroids (5.4%), and 1 case used intravenous immunoglobulin G to reverse EIT (2%). The median initial platelet count prior to administration of eptifibatide was 207 000 cells/mm3 (SD = 69 000; n = 27), and median platelet nadir was 9000 cells/mm3 (SD = 19 000; n = 35) The majority of complications of EIT included bleeding events (16/28, 57%). Delayed procedures, prolonged stay, allergic reactions, and thrombosis were each reported in 3 patients (10.75%). Conclusion and Relevance Most cases of EIT were managed by withholding eptifibatide with platelet transfusion if necessary. The majority of complications included bleeding. However, significant procedure delays, prolonged hospital stay, thrombosis, and allergic reactions were also reported.
Effect of Vasopressin Dose on Hemodynamic Response in Obese Patients With Septic Shock: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Dubrawka Casey A. , Betthauser Kevin D. , Pope Hannah E. , Gibson Gabrielle A. 
Published: April 2021

Background No clear association between standard vasopressin doses and body mass index exists, despite potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variability among patients with septic shock. It is unknown if higher doses may alter hemodynamic response. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vasopressin dose on hemodynamic response in obese patients with septic shock. Methods A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted in adult, obese patients with septic shock receiving catecholamine vasopressors and vasopressin. Patients were analyzed according to vasopressin dose received: standard dose (≤0.04 U/min) and high dose (>0.04 U/min). The primary outcome was percentage change in norepinephrine equivalent (NEQ) dose. Results A total of 182 patients were included in the analysis, with 136 in the standard-dose vasopressin group and 46 in the high-dose vasopressin group. There was no difference in percentage change in NEQ dose at 6 hours after standard- or high-dose vasopressin attainment (−28.6% vs −19.1%; P = 0.166). A greater increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 6 hours was observed with receipt of high-dose vasopressin (23.3% vs 15.3%; P = 0.023). Duration of shock and length of stay were significantly longer in patients who received high-dose vasopressin, with no difference in in-hospital mortality. Conclusion and Relevance This represents the first analysis comparing standard and higher doses of vasopressin in obese patients with septic shock. Receipt of high-dose vasopressin was not associated with a difference in catecholamine requirement or improved outcomes. Further studies are warranted to provide guidance on the use of high-dose vasopressin in septic shock.
Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive early breast cancer: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yu Yushuai , Lin Yuxiang , Kang Shaohong , Lv Xinyin , Liu Yushan , Lin Jielong , Wang Jun , Song Chuangui 
Published: April 2021

Aims: Currently, there are many approaches available for neoadjuvant therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer that improve therapeutic efficacy but are also controversial. We conducted a two-step Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare odds ratios (ORs) for pathologic complete response (PCR) and safety endpoints. Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, and online abstracts from the American Society of Clinical Oncology and San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium were searched comprehensively and systematically. Phase II/III randomised clinical trials for targeted therapy in at least one arm were included. Results: A total of 9779 published manuscripts were identified, and 36 studies including 10,379 patients were finally included in our analysis. The NMA of PCR showed that dual-target therapy is better than single-target therapy and combination chemotherapy is better than monochemotherapy. However, anthracycline did not bring extra benefits, whether combined with dual-target therapy or single-target therapy. On the other hand, the addition of endocrine therapy in the HER2-positive, hormone receptor (HR)-positive subgroup might have additional beneficial effects but without significant statistical difference. By performing a conjoint analysis of the PCR rate and safety endpoints, we found that ‘trastuzumab plus pertuzumab’ and ‘T-DM1 containing regimens’ were well balanced in terms of efficacy and toxicity in all target regimens. Conclusion: In summary, trastuzumab plus pertuzumab-based dual-target therapy with combination chemotherapy regimens showed the highest efficacy of all optional regimens. They also achieved the best balance between efficacy and toxicity. As our study showed that anthracycline could be replaced by carboplatin, we strongly recommended TCbHP as the preferred choice for neoadjuvant treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. We also look forward to the potential value of T-DM1 in improving outcomes, which needs further study in future trials.
Inadequate Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Immunity Among Employees
Authors: Ezeji-Okoye Stephen , Bilodeau Brittney L. , Madhusudhan Divya K. , Pruett Eileen , Thokala Sujith , Bravata Dena M. 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this cohort study was to evaluate measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), and varicella immunity among a population of adult employees receiving primary care in an employer-sponsored health center. Methods: Participants were eligible for MMR and varicella immunity screening if they were an employee receiving primary care in an employer-sponsored health center between January 1, 2019 and November 1, 2020 who could not provide proof of immunization and 1) had it recommended by their provider, 2) specifically requested immunity testing (often because they had heard of measles outbreaks in their country of origin), or 3) were seen for an immigration physical for their Green Card application. Results: Overall, 3494 patients were screened for their MMR immunity. Of these, 3057 were also screened for varicella immunity. Among these patients, 13.9% lacked measles immunity, 0.83% lacked immunity to all 3 components of MMR, and 13.2% lacked varicella immunity. Among the 262 patients who presented specifically for immunity screening, the rates of lacking immunity were higher for all conditions: 22.7% lacked measles immunity and 9.2% lacked varicella immunity. Conclusion: Given declines in immunizations during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is reason to be concerned that measles and varicella-associated morbidity and mortality may rise. Employers, especially those with large foreign-born populations or who require international travel may want to educate their populations about common contagious illnesses and offer immunity validation or vaccinations at no or low cost.