bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non destructive evaluation quality of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) (Elaeis guineensis Jack) based on optical properties using artificial neural network (ANN)
Authors: Melidawati  , Cherie D , Fahmy K , Makky M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is one of the oil-producing plants with high productivity. The quality of palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) is affected by harvesting activities. Generally, the method of harvesting oil palm by visual observation (maturity fraction) and harvest rotation systems. This study evaluated the quality of oil palm FFB non-destructively based on optical properties. Oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunches harvested in 5 ripeness ranges (110-130 DAA, 131-150 DAA, 151-170 DAA, 171-190 DAA, and 191-200 DAA). The oil palm FFB image recorded using a mobile camera with a minimum resolution of 25 megapixels, and then the image was processed using a digital image processing program. Furthermore, the quality parameters of oil palm FFB tested, and data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 20.0 with the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method. The model’s R2 upon calibration was 0.6934. While upon validation R2 value was 0.7211. The model was considered appropriate since R2 value both in calibration and validation were high.
Determination of risk-based for rice farmers using the nonparametric Bayesian method
Authors: Maulidi I , Syahrini I , Mahmudi  , Apriliani V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Paddy Farmers Business Insurance or Asuransi Usaha Tani Padi (AUTP) is one of the insurance programs organized by the Indonesian government to improve the welfare of rice farmers in Indonesia. In this study, we formulated a premium estimation model of risk-based AUTP insurance. The method used was the Bayes method with a nonparametric approach. The data used was the AUTP claim data in Aceh province. The determination of the premium has been done by providing a settlement algorithm based on past data for two periods. From the analysis conducted, it was found that the Bayesian premium obtained is still not in accordance with what is currently applied by the government, especially in the area of study.
High conservation value approach in controlling water catchment area as a provider of environmental services
Authors: Syafjanuar T E , Siregar K , Ramli I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Catchment area is very important known for the protection of water resources as a provider of environmental services. Increasing population will increase water demand and the extent of land utilization. The purpose of this research is to determine the areas of high conservation value in the control of water catchment area at Peusangan Watershed as a provider of environmental services. One of the High Conservation Value (HCV) approaches is focused on water providers and flood control for downstream communities; and control of erosion and sedimentation. HCV is a spatial analysis, hence the use of multi-temporal satellite imagery and data processing using GIS plays an important role in the HCV assessment process. The results obtained, water catchment area in both natural and normal conditions 57.92%, getting critical 25.08% and rather critical, critical and very critical categories 17.0%. Sub-watershed in Peusangan Watershed area which has the largest critical area is Krueng Ceilala Sub-watershed (75, 56%) and Lut Tawar Sub-watershed (77.35%). Moderate Krueng Simpo Sub-watershed (35.44%) and Krueng Mane Sub-watershed (42, 17%). Krueng Ceulala Sub-watershed and Lut Tawar Sub-watershed is the upstream area of Peusangan Watershed which serves as a conservation area that needs to be kept in order to provide water availability in the transition and downstream Krueng Peusangan areas are to be maintained, as well as providing an impact in providing natural environment services and area that serves as water provider and flood controllers for downstream communities. The existence of water springs and rivers whose water has been utilized by the community is evidence that the area of watershed is high conservation value, due to the conversion of the land function that removes vegetation cover on the upstream causing functionality of the catchment area decreases.
Drought test resistance of maize varieties through PEG 6000
Authors: Bukhari B , Sabaruddin Z , Sufardi S , Syafruddin S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Abstracs. The germination phase is a very critical time for corn plants against water stress. Corn resistance to water stress in this phase is very different between cultivars. This initial test has been carried out in the Laboratory to determine the resistance level of some varieties of corn to water stress during the germination phase by using Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000. There are nine corn varieties tested at three levels of PEG 6000 concentration of 0 % (0.00 MPa), 10 % (-0.19 MPa), and 20 % (-0.67 MPa). The experiment used a completely randomized 9 × 3 factorial design with 2 replications. The nine varieties tested were: Anoman 1 (V1), Lamuru (V2), Gumarang (V3), Srikandi Kuning (V4), Sukmaraga (V5), Bisma (V6), Arjuna (V7)), Lagaligo varieties (V8), and NK-Jumbo varieties (V9). Selection of maize varieties on water stress during the germination phase of 9 selected varieties into 3 varieties consisting of one tolerant variety, one moderately tolerant variety and one sensitive variety through prediction of a PEG 6000 osmoticum solution in the germination phase. The experimental results showed that the concentration of PEG 6000 affected the response of nine corn varieties to germination and seed vigor. The most tolerant (resistant) corn varieties are NK-Jumbo (V9) and the moderately resistant varieties (medium) are Srikandi Kuning (V4) while the intolerant (sensitive) varieties are Lamuru (V2).
The strategy to improve Indonesian clove production
Authors: Haryana S , Usman M , Fajri  , Kasimin S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Indonesia is one of the major clove producing country in the world. The broad trends Indonesian clove production and the production tends to increase every year. Indonesian clove export competitiveness in the international market is included in the very strong category because it has an RCA value above the world average, but Indonesian clove export competitiveness is still below the five competing countries. The purpose of this study was to formulate a strategy to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian clove exports. Based on SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) strategies that can be formulated to increase the competitiveness of Indonesian clove exports, namely: optimizing clove land, improving the quality of processed cloves, expanding markets, developing existing farmer institutions, collaborating with clove processing companies in major consumer countries, promoting organic farming systems in clove plantations, improving national economic conditions that support clove commodities.
Alternative based farmer model for increasing red chili production in Bener Meriah, Aceh
Authors: Zulkarnain  , Hakim L , Wardhana M Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study aims to understand and model the partnership system in the red chili supply chain in Bener Meriah Regency. This study uses a system dynamics method to build a partnership model in a dynamic and complex red chili supply chain. The subject of this research is a partnership system in the red chili supply chain in Bener Meriah Regency to improve the bargaining position of farmers. The results show that in an equal partnership policy scenario, in the formal partnership model a loan structure for farmers from partners is added and the debt structure is eliminated. Based on the simulation results after the application of an equal partnership policy between farmers and partners, cash, profits and efficiency levels of chili farming increased from before. Through the equal partnership, it is hoped that the standard of living of chili farmers can improve in the future. For equality between chili growers and partners, there needs to be interference and the government's willingness to issue partnership rules with small farmers. Without government intervention, equality between smallholders and partners will be difficult to realize.
Amplitude range data validation in Internet of Things (IoT) sensor
Authors: Candra R A , Suherman  , Ilham D N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely used for collecting data wirelessly for many applications. Data is collected periodically through TCP/IP network to a collecting server for further usage. Data clean-up and validation are mainly performed in server to ensure valid data for processing. Since validation is performed in server, data sent by IoT node may contain error and invalid data. Since power availability in sensor is an issue, error data transmission has some disadvantages; power lost in data collection and data transmission. This paper experimentally applied a simple maximum minimum amplitude data validation to omit invalid data in sensor. The method requires small processing power and is proven to conserve 23.54% of total power.
Effect of various drying methods on the physicochemical characteristics of pumpkin powder
Authors: Tarwaca S N , Karyadi J N W , Nugraheni N F , Indrasari Y P , Albyan R , Setiyadi I , Ayuni D 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Pumpkin, one of the most famous cultivars from Cucurbita moschata, is a rich source of carotenoid. However, having high water content (above 80%) makes pumpkin extremely perishable, and difficult to be processed and stored. Therefore, pumpkin needs a dehydration process in which could remove moisture content from the product but still able to uphold its natural color and minimum nutrient losses. We have carried out a comprehensive study to investigate the effect of different methods; sunlight drying (SD), cabinet drying (CD), and pneumatic drying (PD) on the physicochemical properties of pumpkin powder. The pneumatic dryer used was self-fabricated with a stainless steel plate (3 mm thickness) that has a total dimension of 1600x 500x 2500 mm. The physicochemical properties evaluated include final moisture content, the color difference (ΔE), carbohydrate, fat, protein, and β-carotene. CD produced powder with the lowest final moisture content. The mean value of ΔE of PD was the lowest as compared to SD and CD. The SD sample has the lowest mean FM value. Pneumatic drying exhibit good potential to produce pumpkin powder while retaining its color and nutritive values.
Nonlinear phase dynamics of ideal kink mode in the presence of shear flow
Authors: ZHANG Yi , GUO Zhibin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We investigate nonlinear phase dynamics of an ideal kink mode, induced by E × B flow. Here the phase is the cross phase (θ
c) between perturbed stream function of velocity (

ϕ

˜

) and magnetic field (

ψ

˜

), i.e. θ
c = θ

ϕ
− θ

ψ
. A dimensionless parameter, analogous to the Richardson number,

R

i

=
16

γ

kink

2

/

ω

ˆ

E

2

(γ
kink: the normalized growth rate of the pure kink mode;

ω

ˆ

E

: normalized E × B shearing rate) is defined to measure the competition between phase pinning by the current density and phase detuning by the flow shear. When R
i > 1, θ
c is locked to a fixed value, corresponding to the conventional eigenmode solution. When R
i ≤ 1, θ
c enters a phase slipping or oscillating state, corresponding to a nonmodal solution. The nonlinear phase dynamics method provides a more intuitive explanation of the complex dynamical behavior of the kink mode in the presence of E × B shear flow.
Avoidance, adjacency, and association in distributed systems design
Authors: Klishin Andrei A , Singer David J , van Anders Greg 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Patterns of avoidance, adjacency, and association in complex systems design emerge from the system’s underlying logical architecture (functional relationships among components) and physical architecture (component physical properties and spatial location). Understanding the physical–logical architecture interplay that gives rise to patterns of arrangement requires a quantitative approach that bridges both descriptions. Here, we show that statistical physics reveals patterns of avoidance, adjacency, and association across sets of complex, distributed system design solutions. Using an example arrangement problem and tensor network methods, we identify several phenomena in complex systems design, including placement symmetry breaking, propagating correlation, and emergent localization. Our approach generalizes straightforwardly to a broad range of complex systems design settings where it can provide a platform for investigating basic design phenomena.
Mortality in hip fracture patients after implementation of a nurse practitioner-led orthogeriatric care program: results of a 1-year follow-up
Authors: van Leendert Jannic A A , Linkens Aimée E M J H , Poeze Martijn , Pijpers Evelien , Magdelijns Fabienne , ten Broeke René H M , Spaetgens Bart 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Hip fractures are a major cause of mortality and disability in frail older adults. Therefore, orthogeriatrics has been embraced to improve patient outcomes. With the optimal template of orthogeriatric care still unknown, and to curtail rising healthcare expenditure we implemented a nurse practitioner-led orthogeriatric care program (NPOCP). The objective was to evaluate NPOCP by measuring 3-month and 1-year mortality, compared to usual care (UC). In addition, length of stay (LOS) and location of hospital discharge were reported.
Methods: An anonymised data set, of hip fracture patients (n = 300) who presented to Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands, a level-1 trauma centre, was used. NPOCP was implemented on one of two surgical wards, while the other ward received UC. Patient allocation to these wards was random.
Results: In total, 144 patients received NPOCP and 156 received UC. In the NPOCP, 3-month and 1-year mortality rates were 9.0% and 13.9%, compared to 24.4% and 34.0% in the UC group (P &lt; 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for 3-month (aHR 0.50 [95%CI: 0.26–0.97]) and 1-year mortality (aHR 0.50 [95%CI: 0.29–0.85]) remained lower in NPOCP compared to UC. Median LOS was 9 days [IQR 5–13] in patients receiving UC and 7 days [IQR 5–13] in patients receiving NPOCP (P = 0.08). Thirty-eight (27.5%) patients receiving UC and fifty-seven (40.4%) patients receiving NPOCP were discharged home (P = 0.023).
Conclusion: Implementation of NPOCP was associated with significantly reduced mortality in hip fracture patients and may contribute positively to high-quality care and improve outcomes in the frail orthogeriatric population.
Use of the Xpert Breast Cancer STRAT4 for Biomarker Evaluation in Tissue Processed in a Developing Country
Authors: Mugabe Marcellin , Ho Kenneth E , Ruhangaza Deo , Milner Dan , Rugwizangoga Belson , Chu Victor C , Wu Natalie C , Rizo Annaliza , Weidler Jodi M , Wong Wendy , Bates Michael , Brock Jane E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Breast cancer immunohistochemistry (IHC) biomarker testing is limited in low-resource settings, and an alternative solution is needed. A point-of-care mRNA STRAT4 breast cancer assay for ESR1, PGR, ERBB2, and MKi67, for use on the GeneXpert platform, has been recently validated on tissues from internationally accredited laboratories, showing excellent concordance with IHC.

Methods
We evaluated STRAT4/IHC ESR1/estrogen receptor (ER), ERBB2/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) concordance rates of 150 breast cancer tissues processed in Rwanda, with undocumented cold ischemic and fixation time.

Results
Assay fail/indeterminate rate was 2.6% for ESR1 and ERBB2. STRAT4 agreement with ER IHC was 92.5% to 93.3% and 97.8% for HER2, for standard (1x) and concentrated (4x) reagent-conserving protocols, respectively. Eleven of 12 discordant ER/ESR1 cases were ESR1- negative/IHC-positive. These had low expression of ER by IHC in mostly very small tumor areas tested (7/12; &lt;25 mm2). In two of three discordant HER2 cases, the STRAT4-ERBB2 result correlated with the subsequent fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) result. STRAT4-ERBB2 results in 9 of 10 HER2-IHC equivocal cases were concordant with FISH.

Conclusions
The STRAT4 assay is an alternative for providing quality-controlled breast cancer biomarker data in laboratories unable to provide quality and/or cost-efficient IHC services.
Test Volume Ratio Benchmarking to Identify and Reduce Low-Value Laboratory Utilization
Authors: Bevins Nicholas J , Luevano Daniel R , Nuspl Robin , Wang-Rodriguez Jessica 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
We analyzed test volume data to identify low-value test utilization. We subsequently tracked the efficacy of interventions to improve test utilization by decreasing low-value testing.

Methods
Test volume data for analytes included in the Choosing Wisely guidelines were analyzed to identify population outliers. Outliers were defined by test volume ratios of either analyte to sodium or paired analytes to correct for variation in patient volumes at each site. Interventions to improve test utilization were targeted to outlier sites. Relative efficacy in reducing low-value testing was tracked at those sites.

Results
After appropriate data cleaning, test volume ratios for 17 analytes paired with sodium and 8 pairs of analytes were acquired from 108 national sites. A site with abnormally high Clostridium difficile/sodium ratio was selected for intervention, leading to a 71% decrease in C difficile tests. Two different interventions to decrease creatine kinase MB isoform (CKMB) testing were performed at two unique sites with abnormally high CKMB/troponin ratios. These interventions decreased CKMB by 11% and 98% at the different sites, showing the efficacy of the different kinds of interventions.

Conclusions
Test volume ratio analysis and benchmarking enable identification of low-value test utilization.
Life Course Socioeconomic Position, Intergenerational Social Mobility, and Hypertension Incidence in ELSA-Brasil
Authors: Lopes José Aparecido Soares , Giatti Luana , Griep Rosane Harter , Lopes Antonio Alberto da Silva , Matos Sheila Maria Alvim , Chor Dora , Fonseca Maria de Jesus M , Barreto Sandhi Maria 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Life course epidemiology is a powerful framework to unravel the role of socioeconomic position (SEP) disparities in hypertension (HTN). This study investigated whether life course SEP is associated with HTN incidence. Specifically, to test whether cumulative low SEP throughout life and unfavorable intergenerational social mobility increased HTN incidence.

METHODS
Longitudinal analysis of 8,754 ELSA-Brasil participants without HTN or cardiovascular in visit 1 (2008–2010). The response variable was the incidence of HTN between visits 1 and 2 (2012–2014). The explanatory variables were childhood, youth, and adulthood SEP, cumulative low SEP, and intergenerational social mobility. Associations were estimated by incidence rate ratios (IRRs) obtained by generalized linear models, with Poisson distribution and logarithmic link function, after adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioral, and health factors.

RESULTS
The incidence of HTN was 43.2/1,000 person-years, being higher in males, elderly (70–74 years), self-declared black, and low SEP individuals. After considering sociodemographic factors, low SEP in childhood, youth, and adulthood remained statistically associated with increased HTN incidence. Individuals in the third (IRR: 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–1.44) and fourth top quartiles (IRR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11–1.49) of cumulative low SEP, vs. first, as well as those with low stable intergenerational trajectory (IRR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.16–1.43), vs. high stable, also had increased HTN incidence rates.

Conclusions
Socioeconomic disparities at all phases of the life cycle appear to raise HTN incidence rates, being the individuals with greater accumulation of exposure to low SEP and with more unfavorable intergenerational mobility at greatest risk, even in a short follow-up time.
Effects of the endocrine disruptor vinclozolin in male reproduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis†
Authors: Feijó Mariana , Martins Roberta V L , Socorro Sílvia , Pereira Luísa , Correia Sara 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEndocrine-disrupting chemicals have become an issue of scientific and public discussion. Vinclozolin (VNZ) is a fungicide that competitively antagonizes the binding of natural androgens to their receptor, disturbing the function of tissues that are sensitive to these hormones, as is the case of the male reproductive organs. A systematic review with meta-analyses of rodent studies was conducted to answer the following question: Does exposure to VNZ affect sperm parameters and testicular/epididymal weight? The methodology was prespecified according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and PRISMA recommendations. Sixteen articles met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 1189 animals. The risk of publication bias was assessed using the Trim and Fill adjustment, funnel plot, and Egger regression test. Heterogeneity and inconsistency across the findings were tested using the Q-statistic and I2 of Higgins, respectively. Sensitivity was also analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed on Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2.0), using random models and weighted mean differences along with a 95% confidence interval. Sperm motility, counts, daily sperm production (evidence of publication bias), and epididymis weight were decreased in VNZ-treated animals. Exposure length and dose, as well as the time point of exposure, influenced the obtained results. Despite the moderate/high heterogeneity observed, the sensitivity analysis overall demonstrated the robustness of the findings. The quality scores of the included studies were superior to 4 in a total of 9, then classified as good. The obtained data corroborate the capability of VNZ exposure to disrupt spermatogenic output and compromise male fertility.
Social relationships and their connection to mental health for young people who have been in the care system
Authors: Törrönen Maritta 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe mental health of young people is a pressing concern in global development. However, there is little research on how young adults report their own mental health. The interview data gathered in this study (n = 74) explored young adults’ well-being during the transition period from care to independent living under an English local authority and in Finland. Participatory action research methods were employed. The interview schedule included 71 open and closed questions, and was analysed by content and summarised using the SPSS software application and Excel tables. The themes concerning mental health and social relationships were divided into three categories: ‘They have been there for me’, ‘My friends are the only ones’ and ‘They just guided me’. Participants who felt they had supportive social networks also felt their mental well-being and security to be better than those who did not. Overall, the findings demonstrated that good, significant social relations provided a sense of security but did not guarantee a positive mental outlook. Exploring young adults’ own evaluations of their social networks provides social work practitioners with sensitive information with which to find ways for young people to support their mental health in their own terms.