bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Swedish nationwide time series analysis of influenza and suicide deaths from 1910 to 1978
Authors: Rück Christian , Mataix-Cols David , Malki Kinda , Adler Mats , Flygare Oskar , Runeson Bo , Sidorchuk Anna 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesThere is concern that the COVID-19 pandemic will be associated with an increase in suicides, but evidence supporting a link between pandemics and suicide is limited. Using data from the three influenza pandemics of the 20th century, we aimed to investigate whether an association exists between influenza deaths and suicide deaths.DesignTime series analysis.SettingSweden.ParticipantsDeaths from influenza and suicides extracted from the Statistical Yearbook of Sweden for 1910–1978, covering three pandemics (the Spanish influenza, the Asian influenza and the Hong Kong influenza).Main outcome measuresAnnual suicide rates in Sweden among the whole population, men and women. Non-linear autoregressive distributed lag models was implemented to explore if there is a short-term and/or long-term relationship of increases and decreases in influenza death rates with suicide rates during 1910–1978.ResultsBetween 1910 and 1978, there was no evidence of either short-term or long-term significant associations between influenza death rates and changes in suicides (β coefficients of 0.00002, p=0.931 and β=0.00103, p=0.764 for short-term relationship of increases and decreases in influenza death rates, respectively, with suicide rates, and β=−0.0002, p=0.998 and β=0.00211, p=0.962 for long-term relationship of increases and decreases in influenza death rates, respectively, with suicide rates). The same pattern emerged in separate analyses for men and women.ConclusionsWe found no evidence of short-term or long-term association between influenza death rates and suicide death rates across three 20th century pandemics.
Reference ranges of fetal heart function using a Modified Myocardial Performance Index: a prospective multicentre, cross-sectional study
Authors: Sun Lijuan , Wang Jingjing , Su Xiaoting , Chen Xinlin , Zhou Yuqing , Zhang Xiaoming , Lu Hong , Niu Jianmei , Yu Lan , Sun Congxin , Zhang Wenjun , Han Jijing , Zhang Lina , Wang Zhenna , Chen Peiwen , Chen Tiantian , Hong Hua , Zhou Lulu , Ye Baoying , Guo Wei , Zhao Wei , Zhang Na , Li Zhen , Zhao Sheng , Wu Qingqing , Tian Jiawei , Jiang Yuxin 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesThe primary aim of this study was to establish the normal reference ranges of the fetal left ventricular (LV) Modified Myocardial Performance Index (Mod-MPI). A secondary aim was to evaluate the agreement between manual and automatic measurements for fetal Mod-MPI.DesignA prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional study.ParticipantsNormal singleton pregnancies.MethodsThe LV functions of normal singleton pregnancies were assessed in nine centres covering eight provinces in China using unified ultrasound protocols and settings and standardised measurements by pulsed Doppler at 20–24, 28–32 and 34–38 weeks of gestation. The isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT), isovolumetric contraction time, ejection time (ET) and Mod-MPI were measured both automatically and manually.ResultsThis cross-sectional study included 2081 fetuses, and there was a linear correlation between gestational age (GA) and Mod-MPI (0.416+0.001×GA (weeks), p<0.001, r2=0.013), IRT (36.201+0.162× GA (weeks), p<0.001, r2=0.021) and ET (171.418–0.078*GA (weeks), p<0.001, r2=0.002). This finding was verified using longitudinal data in a subgroup of 610 women. The agreement between the manual and automated measurements for Mod-MPI was good.ConclusionsWe constructed normal reference values of fetal LV Mod-MPI. Automatic measurement can be considered for ease of measurement in view of the good agreement between the automatic and manual values.
Symptoms of common mental disorders and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Haas Andreas D , Kunzekwenyika Cordelia , Hossmann Stefanie , Manzero Josphat , van Dijk Janneke , Manhibi Ronald , Verhey Ruth , Limacher Andreas , von Groote Per M , Manda Ethel , Hobbins Michael A , Chibanda Dixon , Egger Matthias 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo examine the proportion of people living with HIV who screen positive for common mental disorders (CMD) and the associations between CMD and self-reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART).SettingSixteen government-funded health facilities in the rural Bikita district of Zimbabwe.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsHIV-positive non-pregnant adults, aged 18 years or older, who lived in Bikita district and had received ART for at least 6 months.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the proportion of participants screening positive for CMD defined as a Shona Symptoms Questionnaire score of 9 or greater. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of participants reporting suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms and suboptimal ART adherence and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for factors associated with CMD, suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms and suboptimal ART adherence.ResultsOut of 3480 adults, 18.8% (95% CI 14.8% to 23.7%) screened positive for CMD, 2.7% (95% CI 1.5% to 4.7%) reported suicidal ideations, and 1.5% (95% CI 0.9% to 2.6%) reported perceptual symptoms. Positive CMD screens were more common in women (aPR 1.67, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.35) than in men and were more common in adults aged 40–49 years (aPR 1.47, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.85) or aged 50–59 years (aPR 1.51, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.17) than in those 60 years or older. Positive CMD screen was associated with suboptimal adherence (aPR 1.53; 95% CI 1.37 to 1.70).ConclusionsA substantial proportion of people living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe are affected by CMD. There is a need to integrate mental health services and HIV programmes in rural Zimbabwe.Trial registration numberNCT03704805.
Identifying barriers and facilitators to implementation of community-based tuberculosis active case finding with mobile X-ray units in Lima, Peru: a RE-AIM evaluation
Authors: Yuen Courtney M , Puma Daniela , Millones Ana Karina , Galea Jerome T , Tzelios Christine , Calderon Roger I , Brooks Meredith B , Jimenez Judith , Contreras Carmen , Nichols Tim C , Nicholson Tom , Lecca Leonid , Becerra Mercedes C , Keshavjee Salmaan 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesIdentify barriers and facilitators to integrating community tuberculosis screening with mobile X-ray units into a health system.MethodsReach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance evaluation.Setting3-district region of Lima, Peru.Participants63 899 people attended the mobile units from 7 February 2019 to 6 February 2020.InterventionsParticipants were screened by chest radiography, which was scored for abnormality by computer-aided detection. People with abnormal X-rays were evaluated clinically and by GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) sputum testing. People diagnosed with tuberculosis at the mobile unit were accompanied to health facilities for treatment initiation.Primary and secondary outcome measuresReach was defined as the percentage of the population of the three-district region that attended the mobile units. Effectiveness was defined as the change in tuberculosis case notifications over a historical baseline. Key implementation fidelity indicators were the percentages of people who had chest radiography performed, were evaluated clinically, had sputum samples collected, had valid Xpert results and initiated treatment.ResultsThe intervention reached 6% of the target population and was associated with an 11% (95% CI 6 to 16) increase in quarterly case notifications, adjusting for the increasing trend in notifications over the previous 3 years. Implementation indicators for screening, sputum collection and Xpert testing procedures all exceeded 85%. Only 82% of people diagnosed with tuberculosis at the mobile units received treatment; people with negative or trace Xpert results were less likely to receive treatment. Suboptimal treatment initiation was driven by health facility doctors’ lack of familiarity with Xpert and lack of confidence in diagnoses made at the mobile unit.ConclusionMobile X-ray units were a feasible and effective strategy to extend tuberculosis diagnostic services into communities and improve early case detection. Effective deployment however requires advance coordination among stakeholders and targeted provider training to ensure that people diagnosed with tuberculosis by new modalities receive prompt treatment.
Passive and active immunity in infants born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy: prospective cohort study
Authors: Song Dongli , Prahl Mary , Gaw Stephanie L , Narasimhan Sudha Rani , Rai Daljeet S , Huang Angela , Flores Claudia V , Lin Christine Y , Jigmeddagva Unurzul , Wu Alan , Warrier Lakshmi , Levan Justine , Nguyen Catherine B T , Callaway Perri , Farrington Lila , Acevedo Gonzalo R , Gonzalez Veronica J , Vaaben Anna , Nguyen Phuong , Atmosfera Elda , Marleau Constance , Anderson Christina , Misra Sonya , Stemmle Monica , Cortes Maria , McAuley Jennifer , Metz Nicole , Patel Rupalee , Nudelman Matthew , Abraham Susan , Byrne James , Jegatheesan Priya 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate maternal immunoglobulins’ (IgM, IgG) response to SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and IgG transplacental transfer, to characterise neonatal antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to longitudinally follow actively and passively acquired antibodies in infants.DesignA prospective observational study.SettingPublic healthcare system in Santa Clara County (California, USA).ParticipantsWomen with symptomatic or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and their infants were enrolled between 15 April 2020 and 31 March 2021.OutcomesSARS-CoV-2 serology analyses in the cord and maternal blood at delivery and longitudinally in infant blood between birth and 28 weeks of life.ResultsOf 145 mothers who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy, 86 had symptomatic infections: 78 with mild-moderate symptoms, and 8 with severe-critical symptoms. The seropositivity rates of the mothers at delivery was 65% (95% CI 0.56% to 0.73%) and the cord blood was 58% (95% CI 0.49% to 0.66%). IgG levels significantly correlated between the maternal and cord blood (Rs=0.93, p<0.0001). IgG transplacental transfer ratio was significantly higher when the first maternal positive PCR was 60–180 days before delivery compared with <60 days (1.2 vs 0.6, p<0.0001). Infant IgG seroreversion rates over follow-up periods of 1–4, 5–12, and 13–28 weeks were 8% (4 of 48), 12% (3 of 25), and 38% (5 of 13), respectively. The IgG seropositivity in the infants was positively related to IgG levels in the cord blood and persisted up to 6 months of age. Two newborns showed seroconversion at 2 weeks of age with high levels of IgM and IgG, including one premature infant with confirmed intrapartum infection.ConclusionsMaternal SARS-CoV-2 IgG is efficiently transferred across the placenta when infections occur more than 2 months before delivery. Maternally derived passive immunity may persist in infants up to 6 months of life. Neonates are capable of mounting a strong antibody response to perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Programmes to prepare siblings for future roles to support their brother or sister with a neurodisability: protocol of a scoping review
Authors: Nguyen Linda , Bootsma Jael , Di Rezze Briano , Jack Susan , Ketelaar Marjolijn , Gorter Jan Willem 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionSiblings share a lifelong bond in their relationship, and they may choose to provide support to their brother or sister with a neurodisability. Previous reviews summarised programmes that only focused on the behavioural, emotional and psychological outcomes of the siblings. There is a need to synthesise existing evidence and enhance our understanding about programmes for siblings to acquire knowledge, develop skills and become empowered that can help them to provide support to their brother or sister with a neurodisability. The objective of this review is to identify and map the characteristics and outcomes of programmes designed to prepare siblings in their future roles to support their brother or sister with a neurodisability.Methods and analysisThis review will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. An integrated knowledge translation approach will be used by partnering with the Sibling Youth Advisory Council comprised of siblings of individuals with a disability throughout all review phases. Databases to be searched include PsycINFO, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Sociological Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE (Ovid) and SPORTDiscus, from date of inception to November 2020. Studies of programmes designed for siblings of individuals with neurodisabilities, with no exclusion on the age of siblings or context, and published in English will be included. Extracted data will include details of programme structure and content, eligibility criteria and participants, context, study methods and outcomes. A summary of the results will be presented in a tabular form to provide an overview of the programmes with an accompanying narrative summary to address the research questions of this review.DisseminationFindings from this review will be shared using dissemination strategies in partnership with the Sibling Youth Advisory Council. We will share the findings with key stakeholders such as healthcare providers, researchers, and patient and family advocacy groups.
Family and provider perceptions of quality of care in the management of sick young infants in primary healthcare settings in four counties of Kenya
Authors: Mbugua Samuel , Gitaka Jesse , Gitau Tabither , Odwe George , Mwaura Peter , Liambila Wilson , Ndwiga Charity , K'Oduol Kezia , Warren Charlotte , Abuya Timothy 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundUnderstanding the perceptions of quality of care given to sick young infants in primary healthcare settings is key for developing strategies for effective uptake and utilisation of possible severe bacterial infection guidelines. The purpose of this study is to assess families and providers’ perceptions of care given to sick young infants at primary healthcare facilities in four diverse counties in Kenya.MethodsA cross-sectional qualitative design involving 37 in-depth interviews and 39 focus group discussions with very young (15–18 years), young (19–24 years) and older (25–45 years) caregivers of young infants aged 0–59 days; and key informant interviews with community-based and facility-based front-line health providers (14) in primary healthcare facilities. Qualitative data were captured using audio tapes and field notes, transcribed, translated and exported into QSR NVivo V.12 for analysis. A thematic framework approach was adopted to classify and analyse data.ResultsPerceived care given to sick young infants was described around six domains of the WHO framework for the quality of maternal and newborn healthcare: evidence-based practices for routine and emergency care; functional referral systems; effective communication; respect and preservation of dignity; availability of competent, motivated human resources; and availability of physical resources. Views of caregivers and providers regarding sick young infant care in primary healthcare settings were similar across the four sites. Main hindrance to sick young infant care includes stockout of essential drugs, limited infrastructure, lack of functional referral system, inadequate providers which led to delays in receiving treatment, inadequate provider skills and poor provider attitudes. Despite these challenges, motivation and teamwork of health providers were key tenets in care provision.ConclusionThe findings underscore the need to prioritise improving quality of sick young infant services at primary healthcare settings by building capacity of providers through training, ensuring continuous supply of essential medicines and equipment and improving infrastructure including referral.
Device size selection can enhance Y-stentrieving efficacy and safety as a rescue strategy in stroke thrombectomy
Authors: Cabral Lucas Scotta , Mont’Alverne Francisco , Silva Henrique Coelho , Passos Filho Paulo Eloy , Magalhães Pedro S C , Bianchin Marino Muxfeldt , Nogueira Raul G 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundDespite advancements in stroke treatment, refractory clots are relatively common, prompting the exploration of alternative techniques. Bifurcation occlusions pose specific intraprocedural challenges, occasionally dealt with by two stentrievers deployed in Y-configuration. Previous studies have portrayed this strategy as feasible, yet little is known about its safety and efficacy, and how to best select retrievers.ObjectiveTo determine whether device selection influences the efficacy and safety of Y-stentrieving.MethodsWe performed a multicentric, retrospective analysis of patients undergoing Y-stentrieving rescue for bifurcation occlusions. Demographics, devices, procedural metrics, neurological severity, reperfusion, disability, and safety were assessed.ResultsY-configuration stents were used as a rescue maneuver after 2.16±1.5 failed attempts with other techniques in 20 patients. Successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score 2b–3) was achieved in 70% of patients after the first Y-stentrieving attempt. The first stentriever more often had a larger diameter (5.15±0.92 vs 3.67±0.57 mm, p=0.017) and longer length (33.12±5.78 vs 20.67±1.15 mm, p=0.002) in successfully reperfused cases. Also, the diameter of the first device was associated with both any parenchymal (6.0 vs 4.71±0.99 mm, p=0.045) and symptomatic (6.0 vs 4.86±1.02 mm, p<0.001) hemorrhages. Exact logistic regression demonstrated that a longer length first stentriever independently predicted better angiographic outcomes (OR=1.26, p=0.036), and a 6 mm diameter first stentriever independently predicted more intracranial hemorrhages (OR=15.28, p=0.044). No periprocedural mortality was recorded.ConclusionY-stentrieving is an effective and safe bail-out strategy for refractory bifurcation clots. Longer stents may promote better angiographic outcomes, whereas avoidance of disproportionately large retrievers may mitigate intracranial hemorrhage. Future studies should account for these factors when evaluating alternative stentriever techniques.
Planar graphs without intersecting 5-cycles are signed-4-choosable
Authors: Kim Seog-Jin , Yu Xiaowei 
Published: July 2021

A signed graph is a pair [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a graph and [Formula: see text] is a signature of [Formula: see text]. A set [Formula: see text] of integers is symmetric if [Formula: see text] implies that [Formula: see text]. Given a list assignment [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text], an [Formula: see text]-coloring of a signed graph [Formula: see text] is a coloring [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] for each [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for every edge [Formula: see text]. The signed choice number [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text] is defined to be the minimum integer [Formula: see text] such that for any [Formula: see text]-list assignment [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] and for any signature [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text], there is a proper [Formula: see text]-coloring of [Formula: see text]. List signed coloring is a generalization of list coloring. However, the difference between signed choice number and choice number can be arbitrarily large. Hu and Wu [Planar graphs without intersecting [Formula: see text]-cycles are [Formula: see text]-choosable, Discrete Math. 340 (2017) 1788–1792] showed that every planar graph without intersecting 5-cycles is 4-choosable. In this paper, we prove that [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] is a planar graph without intersecting 5-cycles, which extends the main result of [D. Hu and J. Wu, Planar graphs without intersecting [Formula: see text]-cycles are [Formula: see text]-choosable, Discrete Math. 340 (2017) 1788–1792].
Red Blood Cell and Endothelial eNOS Independently Regulate Circulating Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Blood Pressure
Authors: Leo Francesca , Suvorava Tatsiana , Heuser Sophia K. , Li Junjie , LoBue Anthea , Barbarino Frederik , Piragine Eugenia , Schneckmann Rebekka , Hutzler Beate , Good Miranda E. , Fernandez Bernadette O. , Vornholz Lukas , Rogers Stephen , Doctor Allan , Grandoch Maria , Stegbauer Johannes , Weitzberg Eddie , Feelisch Martin , Lundberg Jon O. , Isakson Brant E. , Kelm Malte , Cortese-Krott Miriam M. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Current paradigms suggest that nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial cells (ECs) through endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the vessel wall is the primary regulator of blood flow and blood pressure. However, red blood cells (RBCs) also carry a catalytically active eNOS, but its role is controversial and remains undefined. This study aimed to elucidate the functional significance of RBC eNOS compared with EC eNOS for vascular hemodynamics and nitric oxide metabolism.

Methods:

We generated tissue-specific loss- and gain-of-function models for eNOS by using cell-specific Cre-induced gene inactivation or reactivation. We created 2 founder lines carrying a floxed eNOS (eNOS
flox/flox
) for Cre-inducible knockout (KO), and gene construct with an inactivated floxed/inverted exon (eNOS
inv/inv
) for a Cre-inducible knock-in (KI), which respectively allow targeted deletion or reactivation of eNOS in erythroid cells (RBC eNOS KO or RBC eNOS KI mice) or in ECs (EC eNOS KO or EC eNOS KI mice). Vascular function, hemodynamics, and nitric oxide metabolism were compared ex vivo and in vivo.

Results:

The EC eNOS KOs exhibited significantly impaired aortic dilatory responses to acetylcholine, loss of flow-mediated dilation, and increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure. RBC eNOS KO mice showed no alterations in acetylcholine-mediated dilation or flow-mediated dilation but were hypertensive. Treatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor
N
γ
-nitro-
l
-arginine methyl ester further increased blood pressure in RBC eNOS KOs, demonstrating that eNOS in both ECs and RBCs contributes to blood pressure regulation. Although both EC eNOS KOs and RBC eNOS KOs had lower plasma nitrite and nitrate concentrations, the levels of bound NO in RBCs were lower in RBC eNOS KOs than in EC eNOS KOs. Reactivation of eNOS in ECs or RBCs rescues the hypertensive phenotype of the eNOS
inv/inv
mice, whereas the levels of bound NO were restored only in RBC eNOS KI mice.

Conclusions:
These data reveal that eNOS in ECs and RBCs contribute independently to blood pressure homeostasis.
Leafing through Pliny with Sidonius
Authors: van Waarden Joop 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The programmatic opening letter 1.1 of Sidonius Apollinaris’ correspondence is clearly inspired by the opening letter of Pliny the Younger’s correspondence. This article, however, argues that it can only be fully understood when read against a combination of Pliny’s letters 1.1, 1.2, and 1.5. Plin. Ep. 1.2 raises the issue of editing and publishing speeches, which Sidonius explicitly applies to bringing out a letter collection, as well as the eminently important discussion of a literary canon in which Cicero plays a crucial role for both authors. In Sidonius’ opening letter, Cicero’s appearance is cloaked in a strangely farcical guise which, however, becomes transparent once read against the foil of Plin. Ep. 1.5. Cicero then appears as a symbol of non-conformist behaviour which is at the basis of Sidonius’ editorial project.
An Ambiguous Oracle in the Prophecy against Elam (Jeremiah 49:34–39)
Authors: Eichler Raanan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Jeremiah 49:38, the penultimate verse in the Bible’s only prophecy against Elam, reads: “Then I shall set my throne in Elam and exterminate king and princes from there—declares Yhwh.” It is argued here that the verse has two plausible and quite different meanings, that it was designed to convey both, and that as such it is a deliberately ambiguous oracle.