bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tachycardiomyopathy Treated With Ablation by Using 3D Mapping System in a Patient With Friedreich Ataxia
Authors: Hayıroğlu Mert İlker , Kalenderoğlu Koray , Gürkan Kadir 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis case report presents the management of tachycardiomyopathy (TCM) in a patient with Friedreich ataxia, a hereditary disorder characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and associated cardiac complications. The patient exhibited severe tachycardia‐induced cardiac dysfunction, complicating the clinical picture due to the overlapping neurological symptoms of Friedreich ataxia. Utilizing a 3D mapping system, catheter ablation was performed to accurately identify and target the arrhythmogenic foci contributing to the patient's TCM. The procedure resulted in significant symptom relief and improvement in cardiac function, underscoring the potential benefits of advanced electrophysiological techniques in managing complex cases. This report highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing and treating cardiac manifestations in patients with Friedreich ataxia, as well as the efficacy of 3D mapping technology in guiding successful ablation therapies.
A Simple Way to Exclude a Lethal Complication Following Atrial Fibrillation Radiofrequency Ablation: A Case Report
Authors: Leventopoulos Georgios , Papageorgiou Angeliki , Perperis Angelos , Koniari Ioanna , Tsigkas Grigorios , Davlouros Periklis 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEsophageal injury is a serious complication following atrial fibrillation catheter ablation procedures. It may manifest as atrio‐esophageal fistula, pericardio‐esophageal fistula (PEF), or restricted perforation, with high mortality rate if left unoperated. Chest computed tomography with intravenous contrast is the mainstay of diagnosis; however, a definite imaging diagnosis is often delayed and may worsen patient outcomes. This case demonstrates that pericardial fluid amylase detection may contribute to early differential diagnosis of PEF versus restricted esophageal perforation combined with inflammatory pericarditis, in patients with relevant symptoms who present with pericardial effusion and may guide either conservative–as our case–or surgical approach.
Abscisic Acid and Ethylene Antagonistically Regulate Root Endodermal Suberization to Mitigate Nonuniform Salt Stress in Cotton
Authors: Chen Yixin , Wang Cong , Tian Shijun , Yao Liying , Zhu Ningxin , Yang Xiubo , Bai Zhiying , Liu Liantao , Zhang Yongjiang , Sun Hongchun , Li Cundong , Zhang Ke 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe heterogeneity of soil salinity is a critical attribute of saline agricultural environments, particularly for the physiological adaptability of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants. However, the mechanisms by which cotton plants acclimate to heterogenous salinity remain poorly understood. To investigate the responses of cotton seedlings to nonuniform salinity, a split‐root system using germination paper was employed to replicate spatially variable salinity conditions within the root zone. The root endodermal barriers, consisting of the suberin lamellae and Casparian strip, were found to be enhanced in the roots on the saline side of this system relative to the nonsaline side, playing a crucial role in maintaining ion balance for cotton seedlings under heterogeneous salt environment. Ethylene levels were higher in roots on the nonsaline side, but significantly lower in roots on the saline side. Notably, abscisic acid (ABA) levels increased in roots on both sides. The delicate balance between ABA and ethylene can modify the root endodermal suberization, thereby regulating the adaptability of cotton seedlings to diverse salt environments.
Coupling Modelling and Experiments to Analyse Leaf Photosynthesis Under Far‐Red Light
Authors: Jans Tinko B. , Mossink Leon , Wassenaar Maarten , Wientjes Emilie , Driever Steven , Huber Martina , Pierik Ronald , de Boer Hugo J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLeaf photosynthesis models are used extensively in photosynthesis research and are embedded in many larger scale models. Typical photosynthesis models simplify light intensity as the integrated intensity over the 400–700 nm waveband (photosynthetic active radiation, PAR). However, far‐red light (700–750 nm, FR) also drives photosynthesis when supplied in addition to light within the PAR spectrum. Currently, it is unknown how much far‐red light contributes to carbon assimilation under various spectral light conditions. We developed a combined experimental and computational method to quantify FR stimulation. Gas‐exchange parameters and incident light spectra were measured simultaneously and analysed with wavelength‐dependent modelling of light harvesting. Hereto, separate excitation of Photosystem I and Photosystem II was calculated from incident light spectra. The effect of FR supplementation on photosynthesis was subsequently modelled and expressed as a single parameter ρ. We tested our method on Solanum dulcamara, Lactuca sativa and Phaseolus vulgaris under various light conditions. Results show consistent ρ‐values across a range of FR levels. Our method provides an approach to consistently quantify the effect of FR stimulation on photosynthesis and harmonise the interpretation of photosynthesis measurements under different light regimes, for example in (experimental) setups with artificial FR supplementation or in canopies.
GLR36T807I Mutation of Casuarina equisetifoli Is Associated With a Decreased JA Response to Insect Feeding by Lymantria xylina
Authors: Chang Huan , Li Chengli , Zhu Tengfei , Cai Shouping , Chen Jie , Zhan Fangfang , Zeng Liqiong , Fang Yu , Ye Gongfu , Li Jian , Su Jun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLymantria xylina is the most important defoliator, damaging the effective coastal windbreak tree species Casuarina equisetifolia. However, the underlying genetic mechanisms through which C. equisetifolia responds to L. xylina attacks remain unknown. Here, we compared the transcriptional, phytohormone and metabolic differences between susceptible (S) and resistant (R) C. equisetifolia cultivars in response to L. xylina feeding. The main L. xylina‐induced resistance in C. equisetifolia was a jasmonate (JA) response and JA synthesis was highly induced by L. xylina feeding at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels, thus promoting flavonoid accumulation. The JA response was highly activated by L. xylina feeding on the R but not in the S cultivar, although the JA signalling pathway was intact in both cultivars. We found a single amino acid mutation in the homologues of glutamate receptor‐like protein 3.6 (CeGLR3.6T807I) in the S cultivar. Compared with the GLR3.6 homologues in the R cultivar, phosphorylation of CeGLR3.6T807I was not induced by insect feeding, leading to a decreased JA response in the S cultivar. Collectively, this study provides new insights into the function of CeGLR3.6 in regulating the JA response of C. equisetifolia to L. xylina feeding.
Hybrid Quantum Neural Network and Shapely Additive Explanations in Railway Track Geometry Modeling
Authors: Alabintei Dengimowei D. , Attoh-Okine Nii 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This research investigates the application of explainable quantum machine learning (QML) for predictive maintenance in the railroad industry. By utilizing ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data to characterize subsurface track conditions (ballast fouling index, ballast thickness index, layer roughness index, and moisture likelihood index), a quantum neural network (QNN) model was developed to predict track geometry (profile and alignment) defects in a Class 3 railroad track. Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) were employed to analyze the feature importance and the model’s decision-making processes to ensure model interpretability. The QNN model correctly predicted 42 out of 55 test data points. SHAP analysis identified the ballast fouling index and layer roughness index as the most important parameters, aligning with engineering expectations.
Relationship between pharmacotherapy for major depressive disorder and healthcare utilisation in British Columbia, Canada: a retrospective population-based cohort
Authors: Vijh Rohit , Waheed Zeina , Peterson Sandra , Bunka Mary , Pang Nick , Edwards Louisa , Ghanbarian Shahzad , Wong Gavin , Cressman Sonya , Riches Linda , Austin Jehannine , Bryan Stirling , Hoens Alison , McGrail Kimberlyn 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo describe the population that meets the criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) in British Columbia (BC), compare patterns of healthcare utilisation between those with MDD who are and are not prescribed pharmacotherapy, and assess these relationships in models that control for potential confounding variables.DesignWe used a population cross-sectional study design among a cohort of individuals living with MDD and examined the relationship between pharmacotherapy and healthcare utilisation between 2019 and 2020 using linked billing and administrative data.SettingThis study identified individuals with MDD using a validated case definition of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes in BC, Canada.ParticipantsThe final study cohort included 549 029 adult participants who met the MDD case definition.Explanatory variableExplanatory variable was the use of prescription antidepressant medication during the study period, based on BC PharmaNet data.CovariatesCovariates include sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, urban/rural residence, neighbourhood income quintile and comorbidities).Primary outcome measurePrimary outcome measure was healthcare utilisation (outpatient physician visits, emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalisations).ResultsWe stratified our analysis based on whether study participants were classified as ‘recently incident’ or ‘actively prevalent’. The odds ratio (OR) for health service utilisation between the pharmacotherapy group and the non-pharmacotherapy group for individuals who were recently incident was 8.14 (95% CI 7.40, 8.95) for outpatient physician visits, 1.04 (95% CI 1.02, 1.07) for ED visits and 1.05 (95% CI 1.00, 1.10) for hospitalisations, after adjusting for comorbidities and other sociodemographic variables in our regression analyses, whereas for the actively prevalent group the ORs were 7.57 (7.27, 8.49), 0.91 (0.89, 0.92) and 1.00 (0.98, 1.02), respectively.ConclusionThis study examined the association of pharmacotherapy on healthcare utilisation for adults with MDD in BC. The study revealed higher outpatient physician visits for the pharmacotherapy group and no major association for inpatient visits. For ED visits, recently incident individuals on pharmacotherapy had slightly higher odds of having an ED visit, whereas individuals who were actively prevalent and on pharmacotherapy had a slight decrease in odds. This may suggest a protective effect of pharmacotherapy against a utilisation of resource-intensive healthcare services.
Readability of online and offline written health information: a protocol of a systematic review of systematic reviews
Authors: Okuhara Tsuyoshi , Furukawa Emi , Okada Hiroko , Kiuchi Takahiro 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionHealthcare organisations should create and disseminate readable information to citizens and patients to reduce the level of health literacy required for individuals. Several systematic reviews have reported overviews of the readability of written health information for each subject area. This systematic review of systematic reviews will synthesise evidence from existing systematic reviews to provide an overview of studies that assessed readability in diverse areas and identify gaps to be filled in future research and practice to improve the readability of health information.Methods and analysisThe following databases will be searched: PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Google Scholar. The reference lists of the eligible studies will be searched to identify additional studies. The eligible literature will be systematic reviews of published empirical studies that quantitatively assessed the readability of health information for patients and/or citizens. Two independent reviewers will screen the titles, abstracts and full texts of all identified literature. A lead researcher will extract the data, and a second reviewer will check the results. Discrepancies will be resolved through discussion, and a third reviewer will be involved if necessary. Data, such as the characteristics of the systematic review, characteristics of the reviewed literature in the systematic review, subject area, material characteristics, definition(s) of readability, readability assessment methods, main results and quality assessment, will be extracted. The findings will be synthesised in a numerical summary and a descriptive and narrative review.Ethics and disseminationThis review does not involve any ethical concerns. The results and implications of this systematic review will be disseminated at conferences and in peer-reviewed journals.
Duration, course and caregiver burden of croup in children: two observational cohorts
Authors: Bjornson Candice Leigh , Nettel-Aguirre Alberto , Williamson Janielee , Johnson David W 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesAlthough croup is a common respiratory illness, there is little published regarding symptom course. We aimed to assess symptom progression and caregiver burden, and whether age, sex or season and initial severity of disease are associated with symptom duration.Design, setting and participantsWe conducted a secondary analysis of two Canadian prospective cohorts of children 0–16 years old diagnosed with croup; one recruited from a paediatric emergency department (ED) (307 children) between November 1999 and March 2000, and the other from 26 general EDs (1214 children) between September 2002 and April 2006. Baseline data included age, sex, season, corticosteroid treatment and clinical severity score based on the presence or absence of a barky cough, stridor at rest or with agitation and chest wall indrawing (mild, moderate or severe). For both cohorts, the child’s primary caregiver was telephoned daily to collect symptom progression and psychosocial data (caregiver stress, lost sleep and work) until the child was symptom-free for over 24 hours.ResultsThe paediatric and general ED cohorts are reported separately; croup symptoms peaked at initial ED presentation for 96% and 77%, respectively. The longest-lived symptom was a barky cough, resolving by 34 and 47 hours for 50%, and 78 and 119 hours for 90% of children, respectively. Neither sex nor severity at presentation were significantly associated with symptom duration in either cohort. Season of illness was associated in both; age was associated in the general but not the paediatric ED cohort. The primary caregiver lost a mean (SD) of 4.1 (4.9) and 2.8 (4.7) hours of sleep during the illness.ConclusionsMost children with croup presented for care at the peak of symptom severity. Symptoms resolved for half of the children in 1.5–2 days and for 90% in 3–5 days after presentation. Caregivers experienced a significant loss of sleep.
Effectiveness and compliance of telemedicine on blood pressure management in poststroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Yang Yulin , Xu Hongli , Chang Wanpeng , Li Chenying , Cao Pengyu 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo examine the effectiveness of telemedicine on blood pressure control and compliance.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesA search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library for studies of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of telemedicine on blood pressure control in poststroke survivors from the time of their construction until November 2023. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) studies that were RCTs; (2) enrolment of patients who were stroke survivors; (3) studies that compared subjects who received telemedicine with usual care treatment. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) studies in which telemedicine was used for other diseases; (2) study protocols with no data; (3) non-English language articles and (4) case reports, conference papers, letters or articles with incomplete data. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.Primary outcome measuresThe primary outcomes was the systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (mm Hg), patient compliance and the proportion of patients achieving target blood pressure.ResultsA total of 11 studies with 2903 patients were included in this paper. There were 1453 cases in the telemedicine group and 1450 cases in the usual care group. Meta-analysis showed a statistically significant decrease in SBP (mm Hg) in the telemedicine group compared with the usual care group at weeks 3, 6 and 12 of follow-up (week 3: mean difference (MD), −8.8; 95% CI, −12.05 to −5.56; p<0.00001; week 6: MD, −5.13; 95% CI, −8.07 to −2.18; p=0.0007; week 12: MD, −2.78; 95% CI, −4.68 to −0.89; p=0.004). At week 12 of follow-up, there was a statistically significant decrease in DBP (mm Hg) in the telemedicine group compared with the usual care group (MD, −1.57; 95% CI, −2.59 to −0.55; p=0.003). In addition, patient compliance was better in the telemedicine group than in the usual care group (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.29 to 2.01; p<0.0001), and the proportion of patients achieving target blood pressure was higher than in the usual care group (OR, 3.49; 95% CI, 2.64 to 4.63; p<0.00001).ConclusionsCompared with usual care, telemedicine interventions can better improve blood pressure control in poststroke survivors and increase patient compliance.Trial registration numberCRD42022382001.
In-hospital mortality among neonates with necrotising enterocolitis in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bimerew Melaku , Getie Addisu , Gebreegziabher Araya Freweyni , Dessalegn Nigatu , Wondmieneh Adam , Ayalneh Manay 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the pooled in-hospital mortality among neonates with necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in Ethiopia.DesignThis was a systematic review and meta-analysis reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guideline.Data sourcesAfrican Journals Online, PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and repositories of Ethiopian Universities.Eligibility criteriaPublished and unpublished articles that had reported the in-hospital mortality among neonates with NEC in Ethiopia were included, whereas, articles with no abstracts and/or inaccessible full texts, citations, reviews, commentaries editorials, conference abstracts, anonymous reports and articles reported in non-English language were excluded.Data extraction and synthesisArticles that passed the eligibility criteria were assessed for their quality using the quality appraisal criteria for prevalence studies. Data extraction and cleaning were done by using the Microsoft Excel work sheet, and data were analysed by STATA V.11.0 using the random effects model at 95% CI. Test of heterogeneity, publication bias, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed.ResultsA total of 12 articles involving 588 neonates were included. The pooled in-hospital mortality among neonates with NEC in Ethiopia was found to be 70.0% (95% CI=60.0% to 80.0%; I2=87.5%). There was significant difference in mortality by study population as the in-hospital mortality among neonates with NEC was 83.0% (95% CI=76.0% to 89.0%; I2=42.8%; five studies) in preterm neonates and 73.0% (95% CI=60.0% to 86.0%; I2=66.3%; four studies) in low birthweight neonates (p<0.001).ConclusionThe in-hospital mortality of neonates with NEC in Ethiopia was found to be high in which 7 out of 10 neonates diagnosed with NEC ends with death. Therefore, the currently available NEC prevention strategies should be evaluated for individual units and introduced where possible.
Efficacy of opioid combination versus single opioid for adult cancer pain: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Maeng Chi Hoon , Hui David , Kang Ji-Yeon , Kim Soo Young , Kwon Jung Hye 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionChronic pain is one of the most common and serious symptoms of cancer. Despite the limitations of dose titration using only one type of opioid, the effects of opioid combinations are poorly understood.Methods and analysisThis study will be conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions 6.3. We will search the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Web of Science databases from their inception to June 2023. This review will consider all clinical trials involving patients aged ≥18 years who received opioids for chronic cancer pain. Two reviewers will independently screen and select relevant studies. The intervention will be a combination of opioids, including both strong and weak, to control cancer pain. The comparator will be set as a single opioid, with or without a placebo. For randomised controlled trials, version 2 of the Cochrane tool will be used to assess the risk of bias. For non-randomised studies, the risk of bias will be assessed using a tool for assessing the Risk of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I). The primary outcome will be pain response; if a quantitative synthesis is not appropriate, a synthesis without a meta-analysis will be undertaken. The quality of evidence for each primary outcome will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was not required for this systematic review and meta-analysis. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed (open-access) journal publications and conference presentations. Given the widespread use of opioid-based cancer pain management in clinical practice, this study is expected to generate significant interest among physicians, many of whom are likely to review and consider the findings in the context of their clinical decision-making.PROSPERO registration numberPROSPERO CRD42023427299.