bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The global care network and its impact on sending and receiving countries: current knowledge and future directions
Authors: Ayalon Liat 
Published: February 2021

AbstractResearch concerning the effects of migrants on elder care in affluent receiving countries has been substantial, but we know little about the effects of migrant care on elder care in sending countries. There also is limited research on elder care in the context of the return migration of migrant care workers. This theoretical article explores the potential relevance of a social network perspective, which views individuals and countries as being interconnected even when they are miles apart. A multi-level framework that considers macro-, meso- and micro-level perspectives is introduced to better account for current migrant care arrangements. The macro-level perspective takes into account country-level characteristics including policies, geography and cultural preferences; the meso-level perspective takes into account the characteristics of the entire network, which may spread over different countries; and the micro-level perspective concerns the unique characteristics of the individuals who make up the network. This approach proposes that the effects of migrant home care go way beyond the care recipient–care-giver dyads or triads to incorporate many individuals and countries that are transnationally interconnected via the work of care. This article also aims to increase public and scientific awareness to the potential impact of migrant care and return migration on elder care in the sending countries by stressing a transnational social network perspective.
Eugenol influences the expression of messenger RNAs for superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase 1 in bovine secondary follicles cultured in vitro
Authors: Vasconcelos E.M. , Costa F.C. , Azevedo A.V.N. , Barroso P.A.A. , de Assis E.I.T. , Paulino L.R.F.M. , Silva B.R. , Silva A.W.B. , Souza A.L.P. , Silva J.R.V. 
Published: February 2021

SummaryThis study aimed to investigate the effects of eugenol on growth, viability, antrum formation and mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) in bovine secondary follicles cultured in vitro. To this end, bovine ovaries were collected from a local slaughterhouse and in the laboratory the follicles were isolated from the ovarian cortex. The follicles were then cultured in TCM-199+ alone or supplemented with different concentrations of eugenol (0.5, 5.0 and 50.0 μM). Follicular diameters and antrum formation were evaluated on days 0, 6, 12 and 18. Viability analysis was performed using calcein and ethidium homodimer. Real-time PCR was used to quantify mRNA levels for SOD, CAT, GPX1 and PRDX6 in cultured follicles. Follicular diameters and mRNA levels in follicles cultured in vitro were compared using analysis of variance and Kruskal–Wallis tests, while follicular survival and antrum formation were compared using the chi-squared test (P < 0.05). The results showed that secondary follicles cultured with eugenol maintained similar morphology and viability to follicles cultured in the control group. A progressive increase in follicular diameter was observed between days 0 and 12 for all treatments, except for follicles cultured with 50 µM eugenol. Eugenol (5.0 and 50.0 μM) increased mRNA levels for GPX1 in cultured follicles, but 0.5 μM eugenol reduced mRNA levels for SOD. The addition of eugenol did not influence mRNA expression for CAT and PRDX6. In conclusion, eugenol supplementation reduces mRNA levels for SOD and increases mRNA levels of GPX1 in bovine secondary follicles cultured in vitro.
T-Minus 10 Days: The Role of an Academic Medical Institution in Field Hospital Planning
Authors: Bell Sue Anne , Dossett Lesly A. , Cespero Jesus , Guntupalli Mayuri , Dickey Keith , Eliason Jonathan , Coleman Dawn 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlternate care sites (ACS) are locations that can be converted to provide either in-patient and/or out-patient health care services when existing facilities are compromised by a hazard impact or the volume of patients exceeds available capacity and/or capabilities. In March through May of 2020, Michigan Medicine (MM), the affiliated health system of the University of Michigan, planned a 500 bed ACS at an off-site location. Termed the Michigan Medicine Field Hospital (MMFH), this ACS was intended to be a step-down care facility for low-acuity COVID-19 positive MM patients who could be transitioned from the hospital setting and safely cared for prior to discharge home, while also allowing increased bed capacity in the remaining MM hospitals for additional critical patient care. The planning was organized into six units: personnel and labor, security, clinical operations, logistics and supply, planning and training, and communications. The purpose of this report is to describe the development and planning of an ACS within the MM academic medical center (AMC) to discuss anticipated barriers to success and to suggest guidance for health systems in future planning.
Preferences for consensus and majoritarian democracy: long- and short-term influences
Authors: Ferrín Mónica , Hernández Enrique 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article analyzes individuals’ preferences for a consensus or a majoritarian type of democracy. We theorize that variation in these preferences is a function of both institutional learning (long term) and individuals’ position as a political minority or majority (short term). First, as a result of institutional learning, we expect that individuals living in democracies characterized by coalition governments will favor consensus democracy. Conversely, those living in countries characterized by single-party executives will favor majoritarian democracy. Second, we expect that individuals’ position as an electoral minority or majority will affect these beliefs. Those who vote for small parties will favor a consensus democracy, while those who vote for large parties will support a majoritarian system. However, whether institutional learning or individuals’ position as a political minority or majority prevail in influencing these preferences about the ideal model of democracy will be a function of the democratic trajectory of each country. We test these arguments drawing on data from the European Social Survey.
Simultaneous Observation of an Auroral Dawn Storm With the Hubble Space Telescope and Juno
Authors: Swithenbank‐Harris B. G. , Nichols J. D. , Allegrini F. , Bagenal F. , Bonfond B. , Bunce E. J. , Clark G. , Kurth W. S. , Mauk B. H. , Wilson R. J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOn July 13, 2016, the Hubble Space Telescope observed the onset of a dawn storm in Jupiter's northern ultraviolet aurora, while the NASA Juno spacecraft simultaneously traversed the dawnside outer magnetosphere. This represents the first concurrent auroral and in situ magnetospheric observations of the onset of a dawn storm at Jupiter. Mapping the auroral emission to the magnetosphere reveals the dawn storm corresponds to a source region at ∼60 Jupiter radii, and the eastward edge propagates toward local noon at speeds exceeding corotation. Particle observations from Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE) and Jupiter Energetic particle Detector Instrument (JEDI) reveal the presence of enhanced hot plasma density in the outer magnetosphere during this interval, and pitch angle distributions measured with JEDI reveal pronounced field‐aligned proton and heavy ion motion. Juno magnetometer (MAG) signatures reveal a reversal in the azimuthal magnetic field at the time of storm onset, suggesting acceleration of the hot plasma population above typical sub‐corotational speeds. JEDI also detects a region of energetic particles which persists throughout the day following the storm, a feature which is not observed during subsequent perijoves. We interpret this dawn storm as the result of reconnection at earlier local times, possibly associated with a disruption of the azimuthal magnetodisk current.
The Influence of Obliquely Propagating Monsoon Gravity Waves in the Southern Polar Summer Mesosphere After Stratospheric Sudden Warmings in the Winter Stratosphere
Authors: Alexandre D. , Thurairajah B. , England S. L. , Cullens C. Y. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOblique propagation of gravity waves (GWs) refers to the latitudinal propagation (or vertical propagation away from their source) from the low‐latitude troposphere to the polar mesosphere. This propagation is not included in current gravity wave parameterization schemes, but may be an important component of the global dynamical structure. Previous studies have revealed a high correlation between observations of GW pseudomomentum flux (GWMF) from monsoon convection and Polar Mesospheric Clouds (PMCs) in the northern hemisphere. In this work, we report on data and model analysis of the effects of stratospheric sudden warmings (SSWs) in the northern hemisphere, on the oblique propagation of GWs from the southern hemisphere tropics, which in turn influence PMCs in the southern summer mesosphere. In response to SSWs, the propagation of GWs at the midlatitude winter hemisphere is enhanced. This enhancement appears to be slanted toward the equator with increasing altitude and follows the stratospheric eastward jet. The oblique propagation of GWs from the southern monsoon regions tends to start at higher altitudes with a sharper poleward slanted structure toward the summer mesosphere. The correlation between PMCs in the summer southern hemisphere and the zonal GWMF from 50°N to 50°S exhibits a pattern of high‐correlation coefficients that connects the winter stratosphere with the summer mesosphere, indicating the influence of Interhemispheric Coupling mechanism. Temperature and wind anomalies suggest that the dynamics in the winter hemisphere can influence the equatorial region, which in turn, can influence the oblique propagation of monsoon GWs.
Paleogene V‐Shaped Basins and Neogene Subsidence of the Northern Lesser Antilles Forearc
Authors: Boucard M. , Marcaillou B. , Lebrun J.‐F. , Laurencin M. , Klingelhoefer F. , Laigle M. , Lallemand S. , Schenini L. , Graindorge D. , Cornée J.‐J. , Münch P. , Philippon M. , the ANTITHESIS and GARANTI Scientific Teams  
Published: February 2021

AbstractOblique collision of buoyant provinces against subduction zones frequently results in individualizing and rotating regional‐scale blocks. In contrast, the collision of the Bahamas Bank against the Northeastern Caribbean Plate increased the margin convexity triggering forearc fragmentation into small‐scale blocks. This deformation results in a prominent sequence of V‐shaped basins that widens trenchward separated by elevated spurs, in the Northern Lesser Antilles (NLA, i.e., Guadeloupe to Virgin Island). In absence of deep structure imaging, various competing models were proposed to account for this Basins‐and‐Spurs System. However, high‐resolution bathymetric and deep multichannel seismic data acquired during cruises ANTITHESIS 1‐3, reveal a drastically different tectonic evolution of the NLA Forearc.During Eocene‐Oligocene time, the Caribbean Northeastern Boundary accommodated the Bahamas Bank collision and the subsequent margin convex bending by major left‐lateral strike‐slip faults systems in the Greater Antilles and by trench‐parallel extension along N40°–90°‐trending normal faults in the NLA. Block rotations, forearc fracturing, and V‐shaped valleys opening went along with this tectonic phase, which ends up with tectonic uplifts and an earliest‐middle Miocene regional emersion phase. Post middle Miocene regional subsidence and tectonic extension in the forearc are partly accommodated along the newly imaged N300°‐trending, 200‐km‐long normal Tintamarre Faults Zone. This drastic subsidence phase reveals vigorous margin basal erosion, which likely generated the synchronous westward migration of the volcanic arc. Thus, unlike widely accepted previous theoretical models, the NE‐SW faulting and the prominent V‐shaped valleys result from a past and sealed tectonic phase related to the margin bending and subsequent blocks rotation.
Bioinformatics-aided identification, characterization and applications of mushroom linalool synthases
Authors: Zhang Congqiang , Chen Xixian , Lee Raphael Tze Chuen , T Rehka , Maurer-Stroh Sebastian , Rühl Martin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEnzymes empower chemical industries and are the keystone for metabolic engineering. For example, linalool synthases are indispensable for the biosynthesis of linalool, an important fragrance used in 60–80% cosmetic and personal care products. However, plant linalool synthases have low activities while expressed in microbes. Aided by bioinformatics analysis, four linalool/nerolidol synthases (LNSs) from various Agaricomycetes were accurately predicted and validated experimentally. Furthermore, we discovered a linalool synthase (Ap.LS) with exceptionally high levels of selectivity and activity from Agrocybe pediades, ideal for linalool bioproduction. It effectively converted glucose into enantiopure (R)-linalool in Escherichia coli, 44-fold and 287-fold more efficient than its bacterial and plant counterparts, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the divergent evolution paths for plant, bacterial and fungal linalool synthases. More critically, structural comparison provided catalytic insights into Ap.LS superior specificity and activity, and mutational experiments validated the key residues responsible for the specificity.
Three years of HARPS-N high-resolution spectroscopy and precise radial velocity data for the Sun
Authors: Dumusque X. , Cretignier M. , Sosnowska D. , Buchschacher N. , Lovis C. , Phillips D. F. , Pepe F. , Alesina F. , Buchhave L. A. , Burnier J. , Cecconi M. , Cegla H. M. , Cloutier R. , Collier Cameron A. , Cosentino R. , Ghedina A. , González M. , Haywood R. D. , Latham D. W. , Lodi M. , López-Morales M. , Maldonado J. , Malavolta L. , Micela G. , Molinari E. , Mortier A. , Pérez Ventura H. , Pinamonti M. , Poretti E. , Rice K. , Riverol L. , Riverol C. , San Juan J. , Ségransan D. , Sozzetti A. , Thompson S. J. , Udry S. , Wilson T. G. 
Published: February 2021

Context. The solar telescope connected to HARPS-N has been observing the Sun since the summer of 2015. Such a high-cadence, long-baseline data set is crucial for understanding spurious radial-velocity signals induced by our Sun and by the instrument. On the instrumental side, this data set allowed us to detect sub- m s−1 systematics that needed to be corrected for.
Aims. The goals of this manuscript are to (i) present a new data reduction software for HARPS-N, (ii) demonstrate the improvement brought by this new software during the first three years of the HARPS-N solar data set, and (iii) release all the obtained solar products, from extracted spectra to precise radial velocities.
Methods. To correct for the instrumental systematics observed in the data reduced with the current version of the HARPS-N data reduction software (DRS version 3.7), we adapted the newly available ESPRESSO DRS (version 2.2.3) to HARPS-N and developed new optimised recipes for the spectrograph. We then compared the first three years of HARPS-N solar data reduced with the current and new DRS.
Results. The most significant improvement brought by the new DRS is a strong decrease in the day-to-day radial-velocity scatter, from 1.27 to 1.07 m s−1; this is thanks to a more robust method to derive wavelength solutions, but also to the use of calibrations closer in time. The newly derived solar radial-velocities are also better correlated with the chromospheric activity level of the Sun in the long term, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.93 compared to 0.77 before, which is expected from our understanding of stellar signals. Finally, we also discuss how HARPS-N spectral ghosts contaminate the measurement of the calcium activity index, and we present an efficient technique to derive an index free of instrumental systematics.
Conclusions. This paper presents a new data reduction software for HARPS-N and demonstrates its improvements, mainly in terms of radial-velocity precision, when applied to the first three years of the HARPS-N solar data set. Those newly reduced solar data, representing an unprecedented time series of 34 550 high-resolution spectra and precise radial velocities, are released alongside this paper. Those data are crucial to understand stellar activity signals in solar-type stars further and develop the mitigating techniques that will allow us to detect other Earths.
Erfolgsrezepte bei Immunschwäche
Authors: Theegarten Martin , Tennie Roland , Domes Andrea , Fabricius Jutta 
Published: February 2021

SummaryVier Experten stellen Erfolgsrezepte bei Immunschwäche mit Konstitutionsmitteln, Komplexmitteln, Schüßler-Salzen und über die Stärkung des Darmimmunsystems vor.
Wie wir heilen
Authors: Lohmann Maria 
Published: February 2021

SummaryNaturheilkundliches Diagnostizieren und Therapieren ist geprägt von miteinander verwobenen Prinzipien, von denen hier drei zentrale – Konstitutionstherapie, Umstimmung sowie Aus- und Ableiten – näher vorgestellt werden. Aus den Therapieprinzipien leiten sich verschiedene Regeln und Vorgehensweisen ab, die allgemeine physiologische, konstitutionelle und individuelle Gegebenheiten berücksichtigen. Im Zentrum jeder naturheilkundlichen – in der Regel kausalen – Behandlung steht die Stärkung der Selbstheilungs- und Widerstandskräfte.
Staging esophageal cancer: low EUS accuracy in t2n0 patients
Authors: de Nucci Germana , Petrone Maria Chiara , Imperatore Nicola , Asti Emanuele , Rossi Gemma , Manes Giampiero , Vecchi Maurizio , Pastorelli Luca , Bonavina Luigi , Arcidiacono Paolo Giorgio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. Staging of EC is performed with computed tomography (CT), positron-emission tomography (PET), and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Patient management mostly depends on lymph node status. Compared to histopathology, the accuracy of EUS for T and N parameters is about 85 % and 75 %, respectively. Errors in staging may change prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess the role of EUS in T2-N0 EC considering the experience of two high-volume digestive endoscopic centers.
Methods Two prospectively collected databases were queried to identify all patients with EC, staged as cT2N0 by EUS, with no distant metastases at CT/PET scan and who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy. Preoperative EUS staging (cTNM) was compared to histopathology of the surgical specimen (pTNM) to evaluate accuracy.
Results Of 729 consecutive patients with EC between January 2011 and September 2018, 72 (49 men) had cT2N0 disease. CT and PET scans confirmed the absence of distant metastasis. In 43 of 72 patients (60 %), the evaluation was correct, 23 of 72 (31,7 %) were understaged, and six of 72 patients (8,3 %) were overstaged. Among the understaged patients, eight were understaged by tumor depth (35 %), seven by nodal involvement (30 %), and eight by both (35 %). All six patients who were overstaged had T1b-N0 disease. EUS accuracy was 77 % in staging for tumor depth and 82 % in staging for nodal metastases. The positive predictive value (PPV) for cT2N0 EC was 60 % (43 pT2N0 /72 cT2N).
Conclusions The accuracy of EUS staging of T2N0 EC is low, with only 60 % of patients undergoing appropriate therapy based on histopathology.
Überzeugung auf den ersten Klick
Authors: Bramhoff Gregor 
Published: February 2021

SummaryEine klare Struktur, ein stimmiges Design und relevante Inhalte sind die Grundlage für erfolgreiche Heilpraktiker-Websites, die gut informieren und zur persönlichen Kontaktaufnahme einladen. Barrierefreiheit und Responsive Design (siehe S. 60) sind wichtige Gestaltungsprinzipien, die heute dank technischer Standards unkompliziert umgesetzt werden können. Es gibt eine Reihe von presse- und datenschutzrechtlichen Aspekten wie das Impressum, Cookie-Banner oder die Datenschutzerklärung, die beim Betrieb einer Website berücksichtigt werden müssen.
Multidisciplinary Management of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula
Authors: Glencer Alexa , Kirkwood Kim , Schwertner Adam , Keller Cody , Arain Mustafa , Avila Patrick , Hovsepian David M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPostoperative pancreatic fistulas are complex, challenging problems that often take weeks, months, or longer to resolve. Multiple interventions may be required to achieve a successful outcome. As such, resolution typically involves a multidisciplinary approach by a team whose skills include abdominal imaging, specialized surgery, advanced endoscopy, and interventional radiology. Intensive resources and time are often required, which impacts both patients and their caregivers. While treatment(s) continue to improve, a primary goal of research efforts in this area is the prevention of this significant source of postoperative morbidity, mortality, and economic strain.
Improving Patient-Centered Communication about Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy through Computerized Clinical Decision Support
Authors: Grout Randall W. , Buchhalter Jeffrey , Patel Anup D. , Brin Amy , Clark Ann A. , Holmay Mary , Story Tyler J. , Downs Stephen M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a rare but fatal risk that patients, parents, and professional societies clearly recommend discussing with patients and families. However, this conversation does not routinely happen.
Objectives This pilot study aimed to demonstrate whether computerized decision support could increase patient communication about SUDEP.
Methods A prospective before-and-after study of the effect of computerized decision support on delivery of SUDEP counseling. The intervention was a screening, alerting, education, and follow-up SUDEP module for an existing computerized decision support system (the Child Health Improvement through Computer Automation [CHICA]) in five urban pediatric primary care clinics. Families of children with epilepsy were contacted by telephone before and after implementation to assess if the clinician discussed SUDEP at their respective encounters.
Results The CHICA–SUDEP module screened 7,154 children age 0 to 21 years for seizures over 7 months; 108 (1.5%) reported epilepsy. We interviewed 101 families after primary care encounters (75 before and 26 after implementation) over 9 months. After starting CHICA–SUDEP, the number of caregivers who reported discussing SUDEP with their child's clinician more than doubled from 21% (16/75) to 46% (12/26; p = 0.03), and when the parent recalled who brought up the topic, 80% of the time it was the clinician. The differences between timing and sampling methodologies of before and after intervention cohorts could have led to potential sampling and recall bias.
Conclusion Clinician–family discussions about SUDEP significantly increased in pediatric primary care clinics after introducing a systematic, computerized screening and decision support module. These tools demonstrate potential for increasing patient-centered education about SUDEP, as well as incorporating other guideline-recommended algorithms into primary and subspecialty cares.
Clinical Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03502759.