bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Searching for Technosignatures in Observations of TESS Targets of Interest
Authors: Traas Raffy , Croft Steve , Gajjar Vishal , Isaacson Howard , Lebofsky Matt , MacMahon David H. E. , Perez Karen , Price Danny C. , Sheikh Sofia , Siemion Andrew P. V. , Smith Shane , Drew Jamie , Worden S. Pete 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Exoplanetary systems are prime targets for the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). With the recent uptick in the identification of candidate and confirmed exoplanets through the work of missions like the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), we are beginning to understand that Earth-like planets are common. In this work, we extend the Breakthrough Listen (BL) search for extraterrestrial intelligence to include targeted searches of stars identified by TESS as potential exoplanet hosts. We report on

30 minute cadence observations collected for 28 targets selected from the TESS Input Catalog from among those identified as containing signatures of transiting planets. The targets were searched for narrowband signals from 1 to 11 GHz using the turboSETI pipeline architecture modified for compatibility with the Google Cloud environment. Data were searched for drift rates of ±4 Hz s−1 above a minimum signal-to-noise threshold of 10, following the parameters of previous searches conducted by Price et al. and Enriquez et al. The observations presented in this work establish some of the deepest limits to date over such a wide band (1–11 GHz) for life beyond Earth. We determine that fewer than 12.72% of the observed targets possess transmitters operating at these frequencies with an equivalent isotropic radiated power greater than our derived threshold of

.
A Search for L4 Earth Trojan Asteroids Using a Novel Track-before-detect Multiepoch Pipeline
Authors: Lifset Noah , Golovich Nathan , Green Eric , Armstrong Robert , Yeager Travis 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Earth Trojan asteroids are an important but elusive population that co-orbit with Earth at the L4 and L5 Lagrange points. There is only one known, but a large population is theoretically stable and could provide insight into our solar system’s past and present, as well as planetary defense. In this paper, we present the results of an Earth Trojan survey that uses a novel shift-and-stack detection method on 2 nights of data from the Dark Energy Camera. We find no new Earth Trojan asteroids. We calculate an upper limit on the population that is consistent with previous searches despite much less sky coverage. Additionally, we elaborate on previous upper-limit calculations using current asteroid population statistics and an extensive asteroid simulation to provide the most up-to-date population constraints. We find an L4 Earth Trojan population of

for H = 13.93,

for H = 16, and

for H = 22.
Statistical Fitting of Evolutionary Models to Rotation Rates of Sun-like Stars
Authors: Breimann Angela A. , Matt Sean P. , Naylor Tim 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We apply for the first time a two-dimensional fitting statistic, τ
2, to rotational-evolution models (REMs) of stars (0.1–1.3 M
⊙) on the period–mass plane. The τ
2 statistic simultaneously considers all cluster rotation data to return a goodness of fit, allowing for data-driven improvement of REMs. We construct data sets for Upper Sco, the Pleiades, and Praesepe, to which we tune our REMs. We use consistently determined stellar masses (calculated by matching K
s magnitudes to isochrones) and literature rotation periods. As a first demonstration of the τ
2 statistic, we find the best-fitting gyrochronology age for Praesepe, which is in good agreement with the literature. We then systematically vary three parameters that determine the dependence of our stellar wind torque law on the Rossby number in the saturated and unsaturated regimes, and the location of the transition between the two. By minimizing τ
2, we find best-fit values for each parameter. These values vary slightly between clusters, mass determinations, and initial conditions, highlighting the precision of τ
2 and its potential for constraining REMs, gyrochronology, and our understanding of stellar physics. Our resulting REMs, which implement the best-possible fitting form of a broken-power-law torque, are statistically improved on previous REMs using similar formulations, but still do not simultaneously describe the observed rotation distributions of the lowest masses, which have both slow and fast rotators by the Praesepe age, and the shape of the converged sequence for higher masses. Further complexity in the REMs is thus required to accurately describe the data.
Checklist of the Ichneumonidae of Germany (Insecta, Hymenoptera)
Authors: Riedel Matthias , Humala Andrei , Schwarz Martin , Schnee Heinz , Schmidt Stefan 
Published: May 2021

A revised checklist of the Ichneumonidae of Germany is provided. The list represents an updated version of an earlier checklist published in 2001. The present list includes several records of species that are new for the German fauna and species that were discovered since the last checklist was published. The present checklist was compiled as part of the DNA barcoding projects at the Zoologische Staatssammlung München.The checklist includes 3,644 species of Ichneumonidae from Germany, with 48 species recorded for the first time. Compared to the checklist published 20 years ago, the number of ichneumonid species recorded from Germany has increased by 312 species.
Comment transposer les institutions du prince à l’usage de Charles Quint et de Gustave de Suède (1756-1757) dans l’ Encyclopédie de Diderot et d’Alembert ?
Authors: Mormiche Pascale 
Published: May 2021

L’article « Gouverneur de la personne d’un prince » dans l’ Encyclopédie paraît être écrit à la fin de l’année 1756 ou au début de 1757. Alors que germe l’idée de refonder un concept monarchique au milieu du xviii e siècle, la rédaction de l’article est confiée non aux grands théoriciens politiques de l’époque (Rousseau, Diderot, d’Alembert, Jaucourt…) mais à un illustre inconnu : André Lefebvre. Il critique l’éducation princière sans développer d’arguments sérieux. Il ne s’appuie pas sur les institutions du prince qui ont renouvelé le genre au xviii e siècle. Il préconise de suivre les principes du gouverneur de Charles Quint dans un contexte temporel et politique bien différent. Il fait la promotion de Scheffer, gouverneur de Gustave de Suède, au moment même où celui-ci modifie ses principes politiques et instruit le prince avec l’idée d’un renforcement de l’absolutisme. Devant ces contradictions, l’article « Gouverneur de la personne d’un prince » dans l’ Encyclopédie paraît bien paradoxal mais permet d’imaginer qu’il est à l’origine des idées sur le rôle du gouverneur et de l’éducation d’un prince à l’été 1791.
L'énergie éolienne en Europe
Authors: Bonnet Amélie 
Published: May 2021

Les conflits qui entourent l’éolien dans la région de Poméranie occidentale se situent au niveau local, dans les communes rurales et les villages, là où sont généralement implantés les parcs. Ces conflits – qui se multiplient depuis quelques années – confrontent généralement la commune, via le maire, à un groupe d’opposants informels ou une association de défense de l’environnement ou de l’écologie. À travers les différents arguments soulevés par les opposants, ce sont les acteurs intervenant dans le processus d’installation des ouvrages qui sont visés : d’un côté les acteurs publics avec l’État et les collectivités territoriales, en premier lieu la commune, et de l’autre les acteurs économiques avec les promoteurs. En cela, le refus d’accepter les ouvrages éoliens témoigne localement d’un état particulier des relations de gouvernance qui découle du processus inachevé de décentralisation engagé en Pologne depuis les années 1990.
L'énergie éolienne en Europe
Authors: Fodor Ferenc 
Published: May 2021

Ce chapitre présente une analyse sémio-discursive de la médiatisation de l’éolien terrestre et maritime. Un autre aspect de la notion d’acceptabilité sociale est ici mis au jour : celui se fondant sur les ambivalences qui structurent les énoncés discursifs portant sur cette source d’énergie. L’approche sémiologique permet de révéler les différentes isotopies et montre les sens implicites qui s’expriment à travers des choix lexicaux ou visuels, révélateurs de peurs, d’angoisses ou d’une vision positive d’un modèle de développement en émergence encore imparfaitement défini. Angoisse et enthousiasme nourrissent ainsi les imaginaires socio-discursifs des conflits qui se nouent autour des dimensions financières et environnementales de ces projets comme autant de topiques qui structurent les différents récits.
L’Architecture localement bio- et géo-sourcée de Christophe Aubertin : régionaliste, biorégionaliste ?
Authors: Rollot Mathias 
Published: May 2021

Dans un contexte contemporain de critique généralisée des idéologies extractivistes, productivistes et naturalistes occidentales, l’article interroge un corpus d’œuvres bâties de l’architecte lorrain Christophe Aubertin dans une optique de réhabilitation de l’idée de ressources pour l’architecture. Au travers d’un questionnement sur les caractéristiques « régionalistes » ou « biorégionaliste » de cette pratique architecturale, l’argumentation cherche à mettre en lumière les aspects à la fois éthiques, esthétiques mais aussi politiques de cette utilisation disciplinaire des ressources locales tant bio- que géo-sourcées.
Aux origines de la francophonie
Authors: Suso López Javier , Fernández Fraile Maria Eugenia 
Published: May 2021

Notre réflexion s’organise en deux volets qui se succèdent d’un point de vue chronologique : le premier veut montrer la genèse de l’expression « langue de civilisation », qui fait fortune dans les années 1920, 30, 40 et 50, et les notions (multiples et complexes) auxquelles elle est rattachée, à travers les positionnements d’une série de linguistes du début du XXe siècle ; une fois construite cette notion, et acceptée par la communauté des « intellectuels » de l’époque, elle est reprise pour appuyer une action politico-linguistique concrète, axée sur l’idée du français comme langue de civilisation (Unesco, Français élémentaire). Le tournant pris par la décolonisation écartera rapidement cette expression au profit de deux autres : le français « langue de culture » et « langue et civilisation françaises ».
Comenius (1592-1670) et le plurilinguisme
Authors: Caravolas Jean Antoine 
Published: May 2021

Combien de langues un homme devrait-il connaître : une ? deux ? plusieurs ? toutes ? comment les apprendre et comment les enseigner ? Vieilles questions, toujours sans réponse.À ma connaissance le premier à s’occuper de multilinguisme de manière approfondie, à proposer des solutions pertinentes et à esquisser une base théorique pour la didactique du multilinguisme est Jan Amos Comenius. Il le fait dans Didactica Magna (1657), dans Methodus linguarum Novissima (1649) et dans Panglottia, cinquième livre de son magnum opus De Rerum Humanarum Emedatione Consultatio Catholica (1966).Dans mon exposé, j’examine l’opinion de Comenius sur les avantages et les inconvénients de l’unilinguisme (monoglottia), du bilinguisme (diglottia), du multilinguisme (polyglottia) et de la panglottie. Je me penche également sur son projet d’une éducation universelle pansophique et multilingue et sur les principes théoriques de base de sa didactique du plurilinguisme.A la fin, j’explique les raisons pour lesquelles ses suggestions furent après sa mort oubliées, comment elles sont présentement redécouvertes par les spécialistes de la pédagogie des langues et pourquoi elles sont aujourd’hui adoptées et promues par l’UNESCO et l’Union Européenne.
Le débat des langues dans l’enseignement secondaire en Suisse romande au XIXe siècle
Authors: Extermann Blaise 
Published: May 2021

L’article traite de trois arguments majeurs ayant traversé les débats relatifs à l’introduction des langues vivantes : le caractère formatif de l’enseignement classique, l’utilité pratique des langues vivantes, leur vocation nationale. En adoptant un point de vue local, centré sur l’enseignement public dans quatre cantons romands (Genève, Vaud, Neuchâtel et Fribourg), en privilégiant les sources produites par les enseignants eux-mêmes, et en analysant l’évolution reliant deux périodes clés de l’histoire de l’institution scolaire, il met en évidence quelques variations que subit cet argumentaire. Il examine du même coup l’évolution des structures scolaires qui accueillent l’enseignement des langues vivantes.
Antecedentes da Lealdade de Doadores de Instituições Filantrópicas: O Papel do Apego e da Confiança
Authors: Machado Andrelino Olímpio Vieira , Gonçalves Filho Cid , Tolentino Renata Sousa da Silva 
Published: May 2021

O marketing focado no relacionamento consumidor-marca representa uma ferramenta estratégica e eficiente na criação e permanência de um relacionamento positivo entre as empresas e seus clientes, e é bastante utilizado por organizações que visam o lucro. As instituições sem fins lucrativos diante das dificuldades de financiamento de suas atividades, podem utilizar o CBR (Consumer-Brand Relationships) para estreitar e aprofundar os laços com os atuais doadores, colaborando assim para a construção da lealdade e permanência dessas doações. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de estudar e compreender o papel do apego e da confiança na geração de lealdade de doadores em instituições filantrópicas. Para tanto foi realizada pesquisa quantitativa com a coleta de 339 questionários entre doadores reais. O modelo hipotético foi analisado por meio da modelagem de equações estruturais com o AMOS 23. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram que o apego juntamente com a confiança são bases para a geração de lealdade de doares, explicando 82% da lealdade. Neste sentido, este é o primeiro trabalho que trata do apego e da confiança como antecedentes simultâneos da lealdade de doações em instituições filantrópicas.
Efficacy of Phytoseiulus persimilis and Amblyseius swirskii for integrated pest management for greenhouse cucumbers under Mediterranean environmental conditions
Authors: Abou-Haidar André , Tawidian Patil , Sobh Hana , Skinner Margaret , Parker Bruce , Abou-Jawdah Yusuf 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe greenhouse cucumber pests, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), and Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), are major threats to the production of greenhouse cucumbers (Cucurbitaceae) in Lebanon. The development of insecticide resistance by these pests has prompted the use of alternative and sustainable pest management strategies. In this study, we used integrated pest management strategies, including the release of the biological control agents, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae), to control whitefly, thrips, and two-spotted spider mite populations on greenhouse cucumber plants in two commercial production sites (sites A and B). We also compared the efficacy of pest population suppression using the integrated pest management strategy with that of chemical pest control. Our results show that biological control effectively maintains the cucumber pest populations below the economic threshold when coupled with additional integrated pest management measures. In addition, we show that biological control agents were equally or more effective in pest population suppression compared to eight and 12 insecticidal and acaricidal sprays performed in the control greenhouses at sites A and B, respectively. Altogether, our results show the efficacy of adopting integrated pest management and biological control for pest population suppression in greenhouse cucumber production under Mediterranean environmental conditions.
Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of Eulaema nigrita (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) as a factor of habitat type in Brazilian Atlantic forest fragments
Authors: Costa Claudinéia Pereira , Machado Clycie Aparecida da Silva , Francoy Tiago Mauricio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn many organisms, habitat affects ecological and genetic diversity and, for certain species, it is expected that a large population should have higher genetic diversity than a smaller population. We analysed the genetics of males of the orchid bee, Eulaema nigrita (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and examined the links between local abundance and habitat with genetic diversity. We also investigated the impact of landscape features on genetic population structure, through microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA analysis, among populations found across 700 km of Brazilian Atlantic forest fragments. We found that genetic variation was not a function of local abundance, but it correlated significantly with habitat. There was significant but low genetic differentiation among populations. We found a single mitochondrial DNA haplotype in all sequenced specimens, which may be widespread throughout the Atlantic forest. Our results reinforce the idea that orchid bees can fly long distances. High-dispersal capacity, together with insufficient time in eventual isolation, can directly contribute to the high degree of similarity among populations for this species, despite their wide geographical distribution.
Design of TCR Structural Variants That Retain or Invert the Normal Activation Signal
Authors: Mock Jee-Young , Oh Julyun , Yi Jason , Daris Mark E , Hamburger Agnes , Kamb Alexander 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We designed variant human TCRs composed of the full-length TCRα/β or extracellular and transmembrane domains of the associated CD3 subunits fused to polypeptides derived from proteins thought to either enhance or inhibit normal T cell function. First, we showed that the C termini of both the TCR α- and β-chains can accommodate specific additional sequences, without abrogating complex formation or acute sensitivity of the receptor. Replacement of ITAMs with ITIM-containing intracellular domains inverted the TCR signal (i.e., created a ligand-dependent inhibitory receptor). The normal signaling function of the CD3 complex was transferable to the TCR by eliminating all CD3 ITAMs and grafting three to six ITAMs onto the C termini of the α/β-chains, with no effect on acute sensitivity. The observation that TCR variants of such diverse C-terminal composition can fold and function as signaling receptors demonstrates substantial structural and functional malleability of TCRs. These results add to knowledge about TCR structure–function with regard to acute signaling and may provide a route to use TCRs in different ways for T cell therapy.
Screening Electrocardiogram in Young Athletes and Military Members: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lear Aaron , Patel Niraj , Mullen Chanda , Simonson Marian , Leone Vince , Koshiaris Constantinos , Nunan David 
Published: May 2021

Objective
To determine the effect of electrocardiogram (ECG) screening on the prevention of sudden cardiac arrest and death in young athletes and military members.

Data Sources
MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, BIOSIS, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to dates between February 21 and July 29, 2019.

Study Selection
Randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials in which preparticipation examination including ECG was the primary intervention used to screen athletes or military members aged ≤40 years. Acceptable control groups were those receiving no screening, usual care, or preparticipation examination without ECG. Three published studies and 1 conference abstract were identified for inclusion.

Data Extraction
In all 4 studies, risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and was found to be generally high. Two studies had data extracted for random effects meta-analysis, and the remaining study and conference abstract were included in the narrative review. The overall quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.

Data Synthesis
We included 4 nonrandomized studies (11 689 172 participants), of which all had a high risk of bias. Pooled data from 2 studies (n = 3 869 274; very low-quality evidence) showed an inconclusive 42% relative decrease in risk of sudden cardiac death (relative risk = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.23, 1.45), equating to an absolute risk reduction of 0.0016%. The findings were consistent with a potential 77% relative decreased risk to a 45% relative increased risk in participants screened using ECG. Heterogeneity was found to be high, as measured using I2 statistic (71%). Data from the remaining study and abstract were similarly inconclusive.

Conclusions
Existing evidence for the effect of ECG screening is inconclusive and of very low quality. In our meta-analysis, we observed that screening ECG may result in a considerable benefit or harm to participants. Higher-quality studies are needed to reduce this uncertainty.
Incidence of Sudden Cardiac Arrest and Death in Young Athletes and Military Members: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lear Aaron , Patel Niraj , Mullen Chanda , Simonson Marian , Leone Vince , Koshiaris Constantinos , Nunan David 
Published: May 2021

Objective
To evaluate the quality of the evidence on the incidence of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in athletes and military members and estimate the annual incidence of SCA and SCD.

Data Sources
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, BIOSIS, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to dates between February 21 and July 29, 2019.

Study Selection
Studies in which the incidence of SCA, SCD, or both in athletes or military members aged &lt;40 years was reported were eligible for inclusion. We identified 40 studies for inclusion.

Data Extraction
Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using a validated, customized tool for prevalence studies. Twelve had a low ROB, while the remaining 28 had a moderate or high ROB. Data were extracted for narrative review and meta-analysis.

Data Synthesis
Random-effects meta-analysis was performed in studies judged to have a low ROB in 2 categories: (1) 5 studies of regional- or national-level data, including athletes at all levels and both sexes, demonstrated 130 SCD events with a total of 11 272 560 athlete-years, showing a cumulative incidence rate of 0.98 (95% CI = 0.62, 1.53) per 100 000 athlete-years and high heterogeneity (I2 = 78%) and (2) 3 studies of competitive athletes aged 14 to 25 years were combined for a total of 183 events and 17 798 758 athlete-years, showing an incidence rate of 1.91 (95% CI = 0.71, 5.14) per 100 000 athlete-years and high heterogeneity (I2 = 97%). The remaining low-ROB studies involved military members and were not synthesized.

Conclusions
The worldwide incidence of SCD is rare. Low-ROB studies indicated the incidence was &lt;2 per 100 000 athlete-years. Overall, the quality of the available evidence was low, but high-quality individual studies inform the question of incidence levels.

PROSPERO Registration
CRD42019125560