bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast osteosarcoma originating from a malignant phyllodes tumor
Authors: Jin Ying , Bi Lirong , Yang Ruming , Jiang Tinghan , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Li Sijie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Malignant phyllodes tumors with osteosarcomatous transformation are exceedingly rare. The clinical manifestations are similar to those associated with benign giant calcification, resulting in nonspecific and complex clinical symptoms.

Patient concerns:
A 59-year-old woman presented with a firm, painless, movable, 5.0 × 4.0 cm lump in the lower inner quadrant of the left breast that she had detected 1 month prior.

Diagnoses:
Breast osteosarcoma originating from a malignant phyllodes tumor was confirmed by histopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluation.

Interventions:
The patient underwent a wide local excision.

Outcomes:
The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged after the operation. The 6-month postoperative follow-up assessment revealed no evidence of recurrence.

Lessons:
Diagnosing malignant phyllodes tumors with osteosarcomatous transformation requires a high level of suspicion and awareness by both surgeons and pathologists. They should be aware of the extent of such disease, which might be mistaken as benign giant calcification. Medical history and imaging findings are important for accurate diagnosis. Phyllodes tumor with an osteosarcomatous component is an aggressive neoplasm associated with distant metastasis. Delayed diagnosis and insufficient excision might negatively impact both treatment and survival.
Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal for carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Haitao , Zhi Hongwei , Xu Xiying , Wang Yahan , Zhang Shuai , Zhang Sishuo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) can cause acute events such as myocardial infarction and stroke, seriously injuring human health. There are some shortcomings for statins and surgical in the treatment of CAS. Research has proved that Chinese herbal shows its unique advantages with the multichannel and multitarget treatment strategy. As a result, we propose this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal in the treatment of CAS.

Method:
We will retrieve the relevant databases to collect the studies of Chinese herbal treatment of CAS up to July 2021. The retrieval language is limited to Chinese and English. Researchers will be responsible for screening studies and extracting data, and use STATA16.0 and WinBUGS1.4.3 for data analysis. We will conduct a bias risk assessment based on the Cochrane Collaboration's bias risk assessment tool and use the grading of recommendations assessment development and evaluation tool to assess the confidence of cumulative evidence.

Results:
The study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal in the treatment of carotid atherosclerosis.

Conclusion:
The study will offer more evidence for the treatment of CAS with Chinese herbal and expand the selection range of clinicians.

Protocol registration number:
INPLASY2021100112.
The diagnostic value of interleukin 6 as a biomarker for gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Xiaozi , Li Jie , Liu Wenjing , Zhang Xianghong , Xue Liying 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers and a main cause of global cancer death. The expression of interleukin 6 is associated with the risk of gastric cancer. But the diagnostic accuracy of interleukin 6 remains unclear. This study was designed to assess the diagnostic performance of interleukin 6 in gastric cancer diagnosis.

Methods:
The related data was obtained from Oncomine and studied using bioinformatics analysis. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of science databases were searched for related studies published from inception to July 14, 2020. Measuring tools of diagnostic performance including sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio were pooled using bivariate mixed-effects meta-analysis model. The summery receiver operator characteristic curves were plotted.

Results:
The result from Oncomine showed that the expression of interleukin 6 in gastric cancer (GC) patients was higher than the normal groups (P < .05). Furthermore, a total of 4 eligible articles were enrolled, containing 390 cases and 404 controls. The diagnostic results were as follows: a sensitivity of 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57–0.92), a specificity of 0.86 (95% CI 0.74–0.93), a positive likelihood ratio of 5.76 (95% CI 3.49–9.49), a negative likelihood ratio of 0.23 (95% CI 0.11–0.51) and a diagnostic odds ratio of 24.58 (95% CI 14.14–42.73). The summary area under the receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.90 (95% CI 0.87–0.93).

Conclusion:
Higher interleukin 6 expression was detected in GC patients, and interleukin 6 could be a helpful indicator of diagnosis of gastric cancer. Further large-scale prospective studies are required for identifying the diagnostic value of interleukin 6 in gastric cancer.
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of hip synovitis in children
Authors: Chen Junming , He Peilin , Liu Qianhua , Liu Ning , Liu Youwen , Yue Chen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Hip synovitis is a common hip disorder in children and a frequent cause of hip or groin pain in children. Its onset is rapid and poses a threat to patient health. Conventional treatment methods have suboptimal efficacy and large side effects. Clinical study surface, the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on hip synovitis in children is obvious. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety of TCM on hip synovitis in children.

Methods:
We will search databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE database, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Wanfang Data, Chinese biomedical literature database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese science and technology journals database, and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (since the databases were established). We also searched secondary resources, including the reference lists of studies. Included articles were carefully screened and reviewed by 2 researchers. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software.

Results:
This study will comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCM for the treatment of hip synovitis in children.

Conclusion:
This systematic review explores the efficacy and safety of TCM for the treatment of hip synovitis in children and provides an update on its clinical use.
The efficacy and safety of Tuina for diabetic gastroparesis
Authors: Yan Huixin , An Yun , Zhang Tao , Zhao Jiangna , Yan Juntao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) is one of the most common complication of diabetes. At present, despite the increasing number of clinical researches of treatment with Tuina have been reported, there are no systematic reviews of Tuina therapy for DGP. Therefore, it is of great significance to evaluate its safety and efficacy as a complementary and alternative therapy.

Methods and analysis:
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Tuina therapy in the treatment of DGP will be retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang Database (Wan Fang), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), Medline, and Clinical Trial Register (CTR). We will consider articles published in English or Chinese between database initiation and October 2021. Research selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and meta-analyses will be independently completed by 2 researchers. Our researchers will use Revman 5.3 software, provided by the Cochrane Collaborative Network for conducting systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

Results:
This systematic review provides a high-quality synthesis to assess the effectiveness and safety of Tuina therapy for treating DGP.

Conclusion:
The conclusions of our study will provide evidence to determine whether Tuina therapy is an effective and safe intervention for patients with DGP.

Systematic review registration
: INPLASY2021110019
Circulation collapse caused by intracardiac thrombosis associated with tranexamic acid administration
Authors: Xie Qing , Huang Chang-Jun , Gu Kai-Peng , Yao Yong-Xing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Perioperative administration of tranexamic acid has been suggested to reduce bleeding and blood transfusion requirements in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Despite being sporadic, the potential risk for thrombotic complications cannot be ignored. However, intracardiac thrombosis associated with tranexamic acid administration is rare. We described a case of circulatory collapse caused by intracardiac thrombosis associated with tranexamic acid administration for a scheduled knee arthroplasty.

Patient concerns:
A 62-year-old male patient was scheduled for a right knee arthroplasty. He had a history of hypertension and had undergone surgery for treatment of right femur fracture 30 years previously. Other than a high platelet count (498 × 109/L), results of laboratory investigations were within normal limits. The ultrasonic examination of both lower limbs showed no thrombosis. Upon sterilizing the surgical area, tranexamic acid (1.6 g) was intravenously administered after induction of anesthesia and intubation. Then the patient had a sudden circulatory collapse. Through cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the patient recovered spontaneous circulation. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed extensive thrombosis in the right atrium and ventricle.

Diagnosis:
Circulation collapse caused by intracardiac thrombosis

Interventions:
Thrombolytic therapy was recommended after urgent multidisciplinary consultation. Thus, urokinase was administered intravenously. Fifty minutes after thrombolysis, the mass in ventricle disappeared. A shrunken mass was observed in the right atrium. After another half an hour, no abnormal echoes were seen in the right heart chambers.

Outcomes:
The patient was discharged after 43 days without any organ dysfunction.

Lessons:
This case reminds clinicians that perioperative tranexamic acid administration may increase the risk of thrombosis, which needs focused attention from anesthesiologists. Prompt transesophageal echocardiography examination should be done to allow immediate diagnosis and effective thrombolysis therapy when unexplained cardiac arrest occurs during anesthesia.
A simple and quick PCR based method for detection of Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Puvar Apurvasinh , Pandit Ramesh , Chaudhari Armi M , Travadi Tasnim , Shukla Nitin , Joshi Chaitanya , Joshi Madhvi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 pandemic has changed the global landscape since last two years. Against many challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic to the humanity, the pace of solutions created by mankind is exemplary; diagnostics, vaccines, alternate therapies, to name a few. With a rapidly changing virus strain, its early identification in the community can be a quick solution to trace the individuals and thus control its spread. This paper describes PCR based quick method for differentiation of Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 from other variants. Timely identification of this new variant will enable better management of pandemic control in the population.Graphical Abstract
High Rate of Asymptomatic Carriage Associated with Variant Strain Omicron
Authors: Garrett Nigel , Tapley Asa , Andriesen Jessica , Seocharan Ishen , Fisher Leigh H. , Bunts Lisa , Espy Nicole , Wallis Carole L. , Randhawa April Kaur , Ketter Nzeera , Yacovone Margaret , Goga Ameena , Bekker Linda-Gail , Gray Glenda E. , Corey Lawrence 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe early widespread dissemination of Omicron indicates the urgent need to better understand the transmission dynamics of this variant, including asymptomatic spread among immunocompetent and immunosuppressed populations. In early December 2021, the Ubuntu clinical trial, designed to evaluate efficacy of the mRNA-1273 vaccine (Moderna) among persons living with HIV (PLWH), began enrolling participants. Nasal swabs are routinely obtained at the initial vaccination visit, which requires participants to be clinically well to receive their initial jab. Of the initial 230 participants enrolled between December 2 and December 17, 2021, 71 (31%) were PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2: all of whom were subsequently confirmed by S gene dropout to be Omicron; 48% of the tested samples had cycle threshold (CT) values <25 and 18% less than 20, indicative of high titers of asymptomatic shedding. Asymptomatic carriage rates were similar in SARS-CoV-2 seropositive and seronegative persons (27% respectively). These data are in stark contrast to COVID-19 vaccine studies conducted pre-Omicron, where the SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity rate at the first vaccination visit ranged from <1%-2.4%, including a cohort of over 1,200 PLWH largely enrolled in South Africa during the Beta outbreak. We also evaluated asymptomatic carriage in a sub study of the Sisonke vaccine trial conducted in South African health care workers, which indicated 2.6% asymptomatic carriage during the Beta and Delta outbreaks and subsequently rose to 16% in both PLWH and PHLWH during the Omicron period.These findings strongly suggest that Omicron has a much higher rate of asymptomatic carriage than other VOC and this high prevalence of asymptomatic infection is likely a major factor in the widespread, rapid dissemination of the variant globally, even among populations with high prior rates of SARS-COV-2 infection.
Development of reference equations for the six-minute walk distance of school-aged Nigerian children
Authors: Ubuane Peter Odion , Ajiboye Olufunke Adewumi , Adekunle Motunrayo Oluwabukola , Akinola Ayodeji Olushola , Akinyosoye Gbenga , Kayode-Awe Mogbafolu Olugbemiga , Ajayi Omotola Aderiyike , Ohagwu Chidimma Imma , Animasahun Barakat Adeola , Njokanma Fidelis Olisamedua 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe six-minute walk test (6MWT), a simple, reliable and valid test that uses the distance walked in six minutes (six-minute walk distance, 6MWD) to quantify functional capacity, is widely used in chronic cardiopulmonary and non-cardiopulmonary disorders. However, absence of reference standards for Nigerian school-age children limits its use in this age group.ObjectivesTo develop normative values and equations for the 6MWT of school-aged Nigerian children.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, healthy children aged 6-11 years in Lagos, Nigeria, completed 6MWT on 20-meter straight outdoor courses in their schools following standardized guidelines. Potential predictors: demographic (age, sex), anthropometric (height, weight, chest circumference, leg length) and physiologic data [pre-walk, immediate post-walk and 5th minute-post-walk heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE)] and difference between pre-walk and post-walk HR (ΔHR), SpO2 ((ΔSpO2), SBP (ΔSBP), DBP (ΔDBP) and RPE (ΔRPE). Primary outcome: six-minute walk distance (6MWD) in metres.ResultsOverall, 627 pupils (52.1% girls) walked 504.6 ± 66.6 m (95% CI: 499.4, 509.8), ranging from 326.6 m to 673.0 m; 16 m longer in boys (p=0.002). Stepwise linear regression yielded: 6MWD (m) = 347.9 + 14 (Age) + 1.6 (ΔHR) + 17.6 (Sex) + 1.2 (ΔSBP); R2 =0.25. Previously published reference equations over-estimated Nigerian children’s 6MWD.ConclusionThe reference values and prediction equations, after validation in other Nigerian populations, may be useful for functional evaluation of Nigerian children aged 6-11 years with chronic childhood disorders.
Development and validation of blood-based predictive biomarkers for response to PD-(L)-1 checkpoint inhibitors: evidence of a universal systemic core of 3D immunogenetic profiling across multiple oncological indications
Authors: Hunter Ewan , Dezfouli Mehrnoush , Koutsothanasi Christina , Wilson Adam , Santos Francisco C. , Salter Matthew , Westra Jurjen W. , Powell Ryan , Dring Ann , Egan Benedict , Parnall Matthew , Thacker Morgan , Green Jayne , Ramadass Aroul , Ng Serene , Lim Chun Ren , Keat Cheah Soon , Suan Ang Tick , Raman Rakesh , Fatt Ho Kean , Wei Luen Fabian Lee , Guiel Thomas , Heaton Robert , Levine Jedd , Akoulitchev Alexandre 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUnprecedented advantages in cancer treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remain limited to a subset of patients. Systemic analyses of the regulatory 3D genome architecture linked to individual epigenetics and immunogenetic controls associated with tumour immune evasion mechanisms and immune checkpoint pathways reveals a highly prevalent patient molecular profiles predictive of response to PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibitors. A clinical blood test based on the set of 8 3D genomic biomarkers has been developed and validated on several independent cancer patient cohorts to predict response to PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibition. The predictive 8 biomarker set is derived from prospective observational clinical trials, representing 229 treatments with Pembrolizumab, Atezolizumab, Durvalumab, in diverse indications: melanoma, non-small cell lung, urethral, hepatocellular, bladder, prostate cancer, head and neck, vulvar, colon, breast, bone, brain, lymphoma, larynx cancer, and cervix cancers.The 3D genomic 8 biomarker panel for response to immune checkpoint therapy achieved high accuracy up to 85%, sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 82%. This study demonstrates that a 3D genomic approach could be used to develop a predictive clinical assay for response to PD-(L)1 checkpoint inhibition in cancer patients.
Prognostic implications of structural heart disease and premature ventricular contractions in recovery of exercise
Authors: Lindow Thomas , Ekström Magnus , Brudin Lars , Hedman Kristofer , Ugander Martin 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundPremature ventricular contractions (PVCs) during recovery of exercise stress testing are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality, but the cause remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association of PVCs during recovery with echocardiographic abnormalities, and their combined prognostic performance.MethodsEchocardiographic abnormalities (reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, valvular heart disease, LV dilatation, LV hypertrophy, or increased filling pressures) and PVCs during recovery (≥1/min) were identified among patients having undergone echocardiography within median [interquartile range] 0 [0-2] days of an exercise stress test. The association between such changes and cardiovascular mortality was analyzed using Cox regression adjusted for age, sex, clinical and exercise variables.ResultsAmong included patients (n=3,106), PVCs during recovery were found in 1,327 (43%) patients, among which the prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities was increased (58% vs. 44%, p<0.001). Overall, PVCs during recovery were associated with increased cardiovascular mortality (219 total events, 7.9 [5.4–11.1] years follow-up; adjusted hazard ratio (HR [95% confidence interval]) 1.6 [1.2–2.1], p<0.001). When combined with echocardiographic abnormalities, PVCs during recovery were associated with increased risk when such were present (HR 3.3 [1.9–5.5], p<0.001) but not when absent (HR 1.5 [0.8–2.8], p=0.22), in reference to those with neither.ConclusionPVCs during recovery were associated with increased prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities. Increased risk of cardiovascular mortality was observed only for subjects with PVCs if concomitant echocardiographic abnormalities were present. Our findings provide mechanistic insights to the increased CV risk reported in patients with PVCs during recovery.
The Relationship Between Soldier Height, Weight and Army Combat Fitness Scores
Authors: Palmer Ryan , DeBeliso Mark 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTThe United States Army recently implemented the Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) which was designed to more accurately measure functional-combat fitness constructs. The ACFT replaced the former Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT). The three advent APFT consisted of: two-minute push-ups (PU), two-minute sit-ups (SU), and a timed two-mile run (RUN). The ACFT consists of six events; 3 Rep Max Deadlift (MDL), Standing Power Throw (SPT), Hand Release Push-up (HRP), Sprint-Drag-Carry (SDC), Hanging Leg Tuck (LTK), and a timed two-mile run (2MR). This study investigated the relationship between Soldier height (1.79±0.07 m) and weight (body mass 86.8±14.2 kg, BMI 27.1±3.9) on ACFT scores (442.3±54.4) of 655 male U.S. Army National Guard Soldiers in a Field Artillery Brigade. For the purpose of the investigation body mass index (BMI) was calculated as the metric representing the Soldier’s height and weight. The mean and standard deviation (sd) were calculated for the ACFT event and total scores. Pearson correlation coefficients (PCCs or r) were calculated between BMI and ACFT event and total scores. Likewise, PCCs were calculated between the ACFT event and total scores. The ACFT mean±sd scores were as follows: MDL=92.2±31.8 (3 maximum repetitions), SPT=9.5±2.2 (meters), HRP=24.6±13.1 (repetitions), SDC=119.8±21.7 (seconds), LTK=6.2±5.4 (repetitions), 2MR=1095.0±233.7 (seconds), ACFT total score=442.3±54.4 (points). Significant positive correlations were found between the ACFT total score: MDL (r=0.70), SPT (r=0.50), HRP (r=0.74), and LTK (r=0.76) events. Conversely, significant negative correlations were identified between ACFT total score: SDC (r=−0.68) and 2MR (r=−0.53) events. Within the parameters of this study, Soldier BMI demonstrated “no to weak” association with individual ACFT event or ACFT total scores. Further, the range of PCCs between the ACFT event scores were “no to moderately high”. Military leaders may consider the results provided as combat and fitness tests continue to evolve.
Strong off-target antibody reactivity to malarial antigens induced by RTS,S/AS01E vaccination is associated with increased protection
Authors: Macià Dídac , Campo Joseph J. , Moncunill Gemma , Jairoce Chenjerai , Nhabomba Augusto J. , Mpina Maximilian , Sorgho Hermann , Dosoo David , Traore Ousmane , Kusi Kwadwo Asamoah , Williams Nana Aba , Randall Arlo , Sanz Hèctor , Valim Clarissa , Asante Kwaku Poku , Owusu-Agyei Seth , Tinto Halidou , Agnandji Selidji Todagbe , Kariuki Simon , Gyan Ben , Daubenberger Claudia , Mordmüller Benjamin , Petrone Paula , Dobaño Carlota 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe RTS,S/AS01E vaccine targets the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. Using protein microarrays, levels of IgG to 1,000 P. falciparum antigens were measured in 2,138 infants (age 6-12 weeks) and children (age 5-17 months) from 6 African sites of the phase 3 trial, sampled before and at four longitudinal visits after vaccination. One month post-vaccination, IgG responses to 17% of all probed antigens showed differences between RTS,S/AS01E and comparator vaccination groups, whereas no pre-vaccination differences were found. A small subset of antigens presented IgG levels reaching 4- to 8-fold increases in the RTS,S/AS01E group, comparable in magnitude to anti-CSP IgG levels (∼11-fold increase). They were strongly cross-correlated and correlated with anti-CSP levels, waning similarly over time and re-increasing with the booster dose. Such an intriguing phenomenon may be due to cross-reactivity of anti-CSP antibodies with these antigens. RTS,S/AS01E vaccinees with strong off-target IgG responses had an estimated lower clinical malaria incidence after adjusting for age group, site and post-vaccination anti-CSP levels. RTS,S/AS01E-induced IgG may bind strongly not only to CSP, but to unrelated malaria antigens, and this seems to either confer, or at least be a marker of, increased protection from clinical malaria.