bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The limiting factors for the snow leopard (<i>Panthera uncia</i> Shreber, 1776) on the territory of Tuva
Authors: Kuksin Aleksandr Nikolaevich 
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the influence of limiting factors for the population of the snow leopard on the territory of Tuva (Republic of Tuva, Russia). It describes biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors to irbis. The author examines the role and degree of each factor of this influence. The paper represents literature sources and the authors field research work data for the period 20012019. The study was carried out on the territory of the Chikhacheva, Tsagan-Shibetu, Shapshalskiy Ranges and Sangilen Highlands, that are permanent habitats for the snow leopard. On the studied territories the anthropogenic influence such as hunting, extension of highways, cattle farms and the number of livestock increases in the high mountain ecosystems. All this leads to an increase of disturbance factor, a displacement from traditional habitats of wild animals, especially the irbis food items, so it is forcing the snow leopard to rely more on livestock for food. As a result the cattle breeders sometimes kill snow leopards in retaliation for attacking their livestock. The paper demonstrates data of all known incidents of the snow leopard death and finds of cadavers within the studied region which shows that 74% of all incidents are the fault of people for destroying this rare animal. So it proves that the anthropogenic factor plays a leading role in the death of snow leopard among others.
Keywords: irbis; snow leopard; ecology; Tuva; Republic of Tuva; limiting factors; biotic factors; abiotic factors; anthropogenic factors; disturbance factor; causes of death of irbis; diseases of irbis; competitors of irbis; snow leopard attacks on livestock.
If Not Brittle: Ductile, Plastic, or Viscous?
Authors: Wang Kelin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Integrating earthquake studies with geodynamics requires knowledge of different modes of permanent deformation of rocks beyond seismic failure. However, upon stepping out of the realm of brittle failure, students find themselves in a zone of terminology conflict. Rocks below the brittle shallow part of the lithosphere are said to be ductile, plastic, or viscous, yet in many papers what is obviously brittle deformation is said to be plastic. In this EduQuakes article, I explain the origin of this conflict and how to handle it. The primary reason for the conflict is that the word plastic is used by one research community to describe viscous deformation but by another community to describe permanent deformation that is not viscous. To the former community, emphasis is on microscopic deformation mechanisms. To the latter community, emphasis is on whether the macroscopic deformation is time dependent. Using a Coulomb continuum to approximate the effects of numerous brittle faults adds another level of complexity. It is futile to expect a unification of terminology any time soon, but with some basic knowledge one can live with this situation without suffering scientific confusion.
Orientations of Broadband Stations of the KOERI Seismic Network (Turkey) from Two Independent Methods: P- and Rayleigh-Wave Polarization
Authors: Büyükakpınar Pınar , Aktar Mustafa , Maria Petersen Gesa , Köseoğlu Ayşegül 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The correct orientation of seismic sensors is critical for studies such as full moment tensor inversion, receiver function analysis, and shear-wave splitting. Therefore, the orientation of horizontal components needs to be checked and verified systematically. This study relies on two different waveform-based approaches, to assess the sensor orientations of the broadband network of the Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI). The network is an important backbone for seismological research in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and provides a comprehensive seismic data set for the North Anatolian fault. In recent years, this region became a worldwide field laboratory for continental transform faults. A systematic survey of the sensor orientations of the entire network, as presented here, facilitates related seismic studies. We apply two independent orientation tests, based on the polarization of P waves and Rayleigh waves to 123 broadband seismic stations, covering a period of 15 yr (2004–2018). For 114 stations, we obtain stable results with both methods. Approximately, 80% of the results agree with each other within 10°. Both methods indicate that about 40% of the stations are misoriented by more than 10°. Among these, 20 stations are misoriented by more than 20°. We observe temporal changes of sensor orientation that coincide with maintenance work or instrument replacement. We provide time-dependent sensor misorientation correction values for the KOERI network in the supplemental material.
GAMBARAN SIKAP PERAWAT DALAM MELAPORKAN INSIDEN MEDICATION ERROR [DESCRIPTION OF NURSES’ ATTITUDE IN REPORTING INCIDENTS OF MEDICATION ERROR]
Authors: Elvretta Jesica Jane , Lase Jultuti Arni , Sakerebau Yuhelmita , Juniarta Juniarta , Ompusunggu Fransiska 
Published: January 2021

<p><em>Incident medication error reporting is a system of documenting incident medication error in the hospital to determine the cause of the incident for improvement and learning to prevent the same incident in the future. To know the description of the attitude of nurses in reporting incident medication error in one private hospital in Indonesia. This was a descriptive quantitative research in an in-patient unit. Using accidental sampling, this study obtained 44 respondents. The instrument was developed to measure the nurses’ attitudes toward incident reporting of medication (Cronbach Alpha 0.876). Descriptive statistic was used to analyze data collected. A total of 9 nurses (20.4%) had a good attitude in reporting the incident of medication error, while, 29 nurses (65.9%) had pretty good attitude and 6 nurses (13.6%) had poor attitude towards incident reporting on medication error. Further research is expected to look for factors contributing to nurses attitudes in reporting medication error incidents.</em></p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA </strong>Pelaporan insiden medication error merupakan suatu sistem pendokumentasian insiden medication error di rumah sakit untuk mengetahui penyebab insiden sehingga dapat dilakukan perbaikan guna mencegah terjadinya ketidaksesuaian pemberian obat berdasarkan aturan lima benar pemberian obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran sikap perawat dalam melakukan pelaporan insiden medication error di satu rumah sakit di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan populasi perawat di ruang rawat inap. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik accidential sampling danMmendapatkan 44 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner yang mengkaji karakteristik responden serta komponen sikap perawat terhadap pelaporan insiden <em>medication error</em>. Kuesioner telah melalui tahap uji validitas dan reliabilitas dengan nilai alpha Cronbach sebesar 0.876. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan merupakan analisa univariat. Sebanyak 9 perawat (20.4%) memiliki sikap yang baik, 29 perawat (65.9%) memiliki sikap cukup baik dan 6 perawat (13.6%) memiliki sikap yang kurang baik. Perawat ruang rawat inap di satu rumah sakit swasta Indonesia bagian barat memiliki kategori sikap cukup dalam melakukan pelaporan insiden <em>medication error</em> yang artinya sebagian besar perawat tersebut (66%) memiliki kesadaran untuk melaporkan kejadian medication error. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan untuk dapat memperoleh data mengenai faktor yang memengaruhi sikap perawat dalam melakukan pelaporan insiden <em>medication error</em>.</p><p><em><br /></em></p>
BENCANA ALAM DAN BI RATE TERHADAP PENGHIMPUNAN DANA ZIS DENGAN INFLASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA BAZNAS INDONESIA
Authors: Halimatussa'idah Halimatussa'idah , Prasetyo Ari 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKIndonesia memiliki jumlah masyarakat muslim yang besar. Maka dari itu, besarnya penerimaan ZIS harus dimaksimalkan dan agar dapat membantu perekonomian negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak bencana alam, BI Rate terhadap penghimpunan dana Zakat, Infaq dan Shadaqah (ZIS) di BAZNAS Indonesia dari Januari 2016 hingga Desember 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa BI Rate berpengaruh positif dan signifikan, bencana alam berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan, Inflasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap ZIS. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap ZIS adalah inflasi. Kedua, bencana alam dan ketiga adalah BI Rate.Kata Kunci: Zakat Infaq Shadaqah (ZIS), BI Rate, Inflasi, Bencana Alam, Analisis Jalur. ABSTRACTIndonesia has a large number of Muslim communities. The amount of ZIS revenue should be maximized and can help the country's economy. This research is to analyze the impact of natural disaster, BI Rate towards collection of Zakat, Infaq and Shadaqah fund at BAZNAS Indonesia from January 2016 to December 2019. This research uses quantitative approach and the analytical method used in this study is path analysis. This research found that BI Rate has positive and significant, natural disaster has negative and significant, Inflation has negative and significant towards ZIS. The factor that has the most influence on ZIS is inflation. Second, natural disasters and the third is the BI Rate.Keyword: Zakat Infaq Shadaqah (ZIS), BI Rate, Inflation, Natural Disaster, Path Analysis.
Medication Error Incidence (Parenteral Therapy) at Government Hospital in Magelang
Authors: Setiarta Daniswara , Huriah Titih 
Published: January 2021

Patient safety is the key to maintain the quality of health services. One of the most important things to achieve patient safety is to identify medication errors and its causes. Most cases of medication errors are reported by nurses, because nurses are the therapeutic team. The purpose of this study is to determine factors affecting medication error by nurse in giving parenteral therapy at Government Hospital in Magelang. A cross-sectional analytic study was carried out on 67 nurses working in hospital wards. The data were collected using a questionnaire filled by respondents to see medication errors within 3 months. The final number of medication errors were 91 incidents in 3 months. The most frequent errors were wrong time (51.7%), wrong dose (14.2%), wrong document and wrong drug (9.9%), wrong route (8.8%), and the least was wrong patient (5%). Although the medication error incidences were not sentinel events and didn’t affect to SNARs criteria, but it still affecting on the quality of health services in the hospital. The significant independent determinant of medication errors is working experience at Government Hospital in Magelang (p 0,001), while the other determinants are not. Conclusion in this study was significant correlation between work experience in hospital and medication error, where respondents with work experience at Government Hospital in Magelangless than 5 years tend to be at higher risk doing medication errors than those who having worked more or equivalent to 5 years.
Sexual Harassment Experiences among Visually Impaired Male Adults Working as Masseurs in PERTUNI Community in Semarang
Authors: Kusumaningrum Ervia , Hartati Elis 
Published: January 2021

<p>Data show that Central Java ranks 6th for the number of people with disabilities in Indonesia. The Indonesian union for the blind (PERTUNI) community in Semarang reported having 105 people as its members. One of the problems that occur amongst people in PERTUNI is sexual harassment, which results in a negative impact on both their physical and psychological health. This study aimed to identify sexual harassment experiences among visually impaired (blind) adults working as masseurs in the PERTUNI community, Semarang. This research was a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. The participants were six blind people selected using a purposive sampling technique. The results showed six themes, i.e., helplessness, the fulfillment of daily needs, harassment, the potential for abuse, disruption= of psychological health and avoiding immoral acts. This study concluded that most blind people working as masseurs had experienced sexual harassment in various forms. It is recommended that PERTUNI provides sexual health education as a preventive action to sexual harassment.</p><p> </p>
Photocatalytic removal of Cu (II) in an aquatic solution using TiO2-Chitosan Nanocomposites
Authors: Fajriati Imelda , Mudasir Mudasir , Wahyuni Endang Tri 
Published: January 2021

Photocatalytic removal of Cu(II) in aquatic solutions using TiO2-chitosan nanocomposite had been studied. The photocatalytic process was carried out using a batch system in a closed reactor equipped with a UV lamp. The results show that the percentage of photocatalytic removal of Cu(II) by TiO2 – chitosan nanocomposite was higher than that TiO2 bulk catalyzing. Under solution containing 20 mg/L of Cu(II), pH 7, three hours of contact time, and employing 20 mg TiO2-chitosan nanocomposite, the Cu(II) removal was successfully done up to 94.55%. The maximum adsorption capacity and the highest kinetic constants were obtained under nanocomposite with the highest amount of chitosan (TiO2-chit 0.13) and nanocomposite containing the highest amount of TiO2 (TiO2-chit 1.3), respectively. The method offers high reusability up to three times with percentage more than 50% of Cu(II) removal. Keyword: Photocatalytic, Cu(II) removal, TiO2-chitosan nanocomposite
Investigation of Synthesis of Sodium Aminodiborane in One Step and Its Reaction Kinetics
Authors: Akkus Meryem Sena , Ozkan Goksel 
Published: January 2021

In this study, sodium aminodiborane (NaNH2(BH3)2) synthesis was carried out in a constant volume batch reactor with a single feed at various temperatures and inlet molar ratios. It was synthesized, ammonia borane and sodium hydride as precursors, by a wet chemical reaction method using tetrahydrofuran which is a solvent under atmospheric pressure. These experiments were carried out at varied temperature ranges from 0 °C to 24 °C, and varied inlet molar ratios (AB/NaH) from 0.75 to 1.25. Sodium amidoborane is synthesized when the experiment is carried out in a stoichiometric ratio, but sodium aminodiborane is synthesized when the mole of ammonia borane is higher than the mole of sodium hydride. In order to characterize the products, FTIR, XRD, GC-MS/MS, and quantitative analysis techniques were utilized. In addition, sodium aminodiborane’s synthesis reaction kinetic was determined. r apparent = 0.8594 e ^ (- 4366 / RT) C AB ^ (0.8) C NaH ^ (0.2). The apparent activation energy, Ea, and frequency constant, k0, were calculated about 4366 J/mol and 0.8594 h-1, respectively
The Comparison Between the Use of Blender and 3DS Max application toward students' Comprehension of 3D Animation Subject at Vocational School in Surakarta
Authors: Prameswari Sanchia Janita , Basori Basori , Wihidayat Endar Suprih 
Published: January 2021

<p>Based on observations at Vocational School in Surakarta, the 3 -dimensional animated subject using 3Ds Max as the only learning tool, consequently, students find it is difficult to practice during off-class as the 3Ds Max is not free software and affordable to buy by students. Blender application maybe can be compensate for 3D Max, which has a user-friendly appearance, neatly arranged, and free. The population in this study is the students of Vocational High School. The total population was 297 students.. The sample used was 70 students. The sampling technique in this study used the simple random sampling method. The data collection technique used the pretest-posttest. The data analysis technique used is the balance test, normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing using the independent sample t-test. The results of the study are as follows. First, there are differences in students’ comprehension that can be seen from the learning outcomes between the use of Blender applications (experiment class) and the 3Ds Max application (control class). Second, the effectiveness of Blender supporting applications is higher than the 3Ds Max application in improving students’ comprehension and learning outcomes. In general, it can be concluded that Blender can be used as an alternative or can replace 3Dmax as a learning medium in 3-dimensional animated subjects. This study aims to determine (1) whether there are differences between the use of Blender application and 3Ds Max on students’ comprehension; (2) a more effective supporting applications between Blender applications and 3Ds Max. This study used an experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design model. </p>
PENGENDALIAN PEREDARAN MINUMAN BERALKOHOL MELALUI PERDA KOTA MADIUN NOMOR 8 TAHUN 2017
Authors: Maulidia Rohmah , Afidah Khilyatul 
Published: January 2021

Secara hukum, ulama sepakat tentang keharaman minuman keras (Miras). Namun faktanya, secara umum masyarakat masih banyak yang mengonsumsinya. Untuk itu, kemudian Pemerintah Daerah mengeluarkan Peraturan Daerah untuk mengatur peredarannya. Melalui Perda ini, minuman keras hanya diperbolehkan dijual di Hotel bintang 3, bintang 4, dan bintang 5. Miras juga hanya boleh dijual di Restoran bintang 2 dan bintang 3 atau Bar termasuk Pub dan Klab Malam. Selain itu Penjualan Minuman Beralkohol hanya dapat diberikan kepada konsumen yang telahberusia 21 (dua puluh satu) tahun atau lebih yang dibuktikan dengan menunjukkan Kartu identitas yang berlaku kepada petugas/pramuniaga.
DELEGITIMASI HUKUM ISLAM : Studi Terhadap Hadith Maudhu’
Authors: Tanzilulloh Ilham 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian terhadap hadith Nabi, menurut Syuhudi Ismail adalah sangat penting dilakukan karena dimotivasi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah: pertama, hadith merupakan salah satu sumber pokok ajaran Islam; kedua, tidak semua hadith tertulis di zaman Nabi Muhammad Saw; ketiga, ada berbagai kasus manipulasi dan pemalsuan hadith; keempat, proses pengumpulan hadith yang memakan waktu begitu lama; kelima, kitab hadith yang sangat banyak jumlahnya, dengan berbagai macam penyusunan yang berbeda; keenam, adanya periwayatan hadith secara makna. Oleh karenanya mengkaji secara lebih detail diskursus mengenai hadist maudhu’ perlu dilakukan kembali. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana sesungguhnya posisi hadith Maudhu’ dalam keilmuan hadist? Bagaimana para ulama muhaditsin memandang kedudukan hadith Maudhu’ dalam posisinya sebagai sumber hukum? Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam menguraikan masalah tersebut adalah library resecach dengan menggunakan metode content analisis. Berdasarkan pembahasan yang telah dilakukan didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa Hadith Maudhu’ bukanlah termasuk dalam kategori sebuah hadith akan tetapi hanyalah ungkapan seseorang secara dusta yang kemudian disandarkan kepada Nabi Muhammad Saw. Penggunaan istilah “hadith” melihat dari motifnya, pemalsu hadith bermaksud membuat suatu ungkapan dengan tujuan agar orang yang mendengar mau mengikuti kehendaknya.Dalam kategori hadith menurut ulama muhaditsin “hadith maudhu’” termasuk hadith yang paling buruk kualitasnya, karena merupakan hadith palsu yang sama sekali tidak pernah dikatakan, diperbuat maupun ditetapkan oleh Nabi Muhammad Saw. Hadith maudhu’ ini juga haram diriwayatkan oleh siapapun kecuali dengan menjelaskan kepalsuannya. Demikian pula hadith ini tidak bisa dijadikan sebagai sumber dalam hukum Islam.
Technology Focus: Formation Evaluation (February 2021)
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: January 2021

This marks the first of two Formation Evaluation features for 2021. This topic, along with EOR Operations and Artificial Lift, had such a high number of devoted conference papers, and a high degree of reader interest, that it was expanded and will appear in the August issue as well. The papers chosen by reviewer Rahul Dastidar explore innovative approaches developed by authors of SPE conference papers toward avoiding data bias, working around the absence of openhole data, and reducing the uncertainty of mass-transport complexes.
Paper SPE 201358 addresses the problem of bias in inverted transverse-relaxation time (T2) distributions in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. The authors discuss two quality-control approaches that are not meant to replace linearly inverted T2 distributions but which can optimize NMR measurements in real time.
The next paper outlines important experience gained in two tight gas fields offshore the UAE for which openhole data were not available for purposes of petrophysical evaluation. The answer, according to the authors of paper SPE 202894, is the use of cased-hole log data. As with the previous paper, the solution is not necessarily offered as a replacement to a conventional approach but as an effective backup solution to a commonly encountered issue.
The third paper explores challenges in petrophysical assessment in a wildcat project in Colombia involving mass-transport deposits. The authors of paper SPE 203016 develop a work flow that integrates NMR, multifunction spectroscopy, borehole images, and radial sonic measurements to overcome the uncertainty of non-Archie rock formations.
As always, SPE authors continue to innovate in the face of challenges both expected and unexpected - a concept with which all of us can identify as of late. I hope these three papers, as well as the other Technology Focus synopses included in this issue, provide insight and inspiration.
Survive, Revive, Thrive: Chapter 3: Getting Oriented
Authors: Blasingame Tom 
Published: January 2021

Do what you can, with what you have, where you are. - Theodore Roosevelt, 26th US President
Getting Oriented - The Only Wrong Direction Is Backwards
I begin this column by saying that after attending several recent SPE events filled with students and professionals, all virtual of course, that I have seen the very best of us as members of SPE. To a person, you all have been nothing short of inspiring. Our members know that there is a better tomorrow on the horizon and diligently prepare for the days when our industry begins to thrive again. On the other hand, the industry consolidations and workforce reductions continue, and frankly, I don’t know of anyone whose life and career has not been touched by this pandemic-induced crisis. It’s an axiom of life that if you cannot control it, then you must control how you deal with it. I believe operating under this axiom will serve us well collectively and individually as we push through the pandemic.
I want to repeat a passage from my remarks at the President’s Session on Member Monday at ATCE in late October.
“As an industry, we are as relevant as ever, even more so now. And further, our industry continues to provide economic growth, as well as access to cleaner water, better food, and affordable transportation. I am a believer, a true believer, I believe in what we do, in who we are, and how important our contributions are to society … I want to thank each of you for your time and effort in support of SPE. We are who we are because of what you have done, and we are who we will become because of your commitment to serve this industry and our global society. The world needs what we do - now, more than ever.”
I want you to know that I believe in our mission and our future. As we “Get Oriented,” I want to assure you that as a discipline, we will become stronger, and as an organization, SPE will become more focused on content generation and delivery than at any time in its history. Most importantly, I want to assure you that SPE will continue to serve its members and its global community as the preeminent technical organization in upstream oil and gas. It is imperative that you “Get Oriented” with what you can do and will do in the future as SPE continues to evolve.