bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Time Series Anomaly Detection: Based on Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Zhou Jiaqi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTime series anomaly detection has always been an important research direction. The early time series anomaly detection methods are mainly statistical methods and machine learning methods. With the powerful functions of deep neural network being continuously mined by researchers, the effect of deep neural network in anomaly detection task has been significantly better than the traditional methods. In view of the continuous development and application of deep neural networks such as transformer and graph neural network (GNN) in time series anomaly detection in recent years, the body of research lacks a comparative evaluation of deep learning methods in recent years. This paper studies various deep neural networks suitable for time series, which are divided into three categories according to anomaly detection methods. The evaluation is conducted on public datasets. By analyzing the evaluation criteria, this paper discusses the performance of each model, as well as the problems and development direction in the field of time series anomaly detection in the future. This study found that in the time series anomaly detection task, transformer is suitable for dealing with long-time series prediction, and studying the graph structure of time series may be the best way to deal with time series anomaly detection in the future
A NFT verification method for distributed AI system
Authors: Zhang Tong , Song Mingyan , Sui Yue , Chen Hanlin , Tan Jian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a method invention, namely an efficient NFT data inspection method with minimum granularity and probability comparison. The invention establishes a fast comparison method of AI model and data, that is, the direct comparison of small files priority and the maximum-minimum interval comparison. The invention takes the substantial identity inside the NFT data and the processing method of NFT data coincidence into account, so that the data content outside the token of the NFT publicly shared by the AI distributed system can also be unique on the Internet. Therefore, it can avoid the problem of incremental packaging and repeated packaging, and can successfully balance the efficiency and security of the comparison process. portions given in this document
Dynamic Analysis of Blast Furnace Sensor Data using Cross-recurrence Quantification Strategies
Authors: Sun X C , Wei B , Gao J h , Fu J C , Li Z G 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates impact degree of blast furnace related elements towards blast furnace gas (BFG) production. BFG is a by-product in the steel industry, which is one of the enterprise’s most essential energy resources. While because multiple factors affect BFG production it has characteristics of large fluctuations. Most works focus on finding a satisfactory method or improving the accuracy of existing methods to predict BFG production. There are no special studies on the factors that affect the production of BFG. Finding the elements that affect BFG production is benefit to production of BFG, which has a significance in economy. We propose a novel framework, combining cross recurrence plot (CRP) and cross recurrence quantification analysis (CRQA). Moreover, it supplies a general method to convert time series of BFG related data into high-dimensional space. This is the first analytical framework that attempts to reveal the inherent dynamic similarities of blast furnace gas-related elements. The experimental results demonstrate that this framework can realize the visualization of the time series. In addition, the results also identify the factor that has the greatest impact on blast furnace gas production by quantitative analysis.
An improved YOLO v3 algorithm for remote Sensing image target detection
Authors: Yang Fan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With more and more in-depth research on deep learning algorithms in recent years, how to use deep learning method to detect remote sensing images is the key to improving the utilization efficiency of remote sensing data and realizing the transformation from data to knowledge. In this paper, an improved YOLO V3 algorithm is proposed to solve the problems of missed detection and false detection of the original YOLOv3 algorithm in remote sensing image target detection with different size and wide disparity in length and width ratio. first of all, K-means algorithm is used for clustering analysis of data set to obtain the position of anchor box; Secondly, the dilated convolution with expansion rate of 2 is used to replace the general convolution in the feature extraction part; Then four scales are used for prediction; Finally, the improved algorithm is applied to the recognition of bridges, harbors and airports. The results show that the detection performance of the algorithm is improved by about 2% compared with the original algorithm.
Ship Targets Detection in Remote Sensing Images Based on Improved Faster-RCNN
Authors: Liu Dawei , Gao Shujing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
An improved algorithm is proposed to solve the problems of inaccurate recognition and low recall of Faster-Regions with Convolutional Neural Network (Faster-RCNN) algorithm for the detection of ship targets in remote sensing images. The algorithm is based on the Faster-RCNN network framework. Aiming at the small size and dense distribution of ship targets in remote sensing images, the feature extraction network is improved to enhance the detection ability of small targets. ResNet50 is used as the basic feature extraction network of the algorithm,and the hole residual block is introduced for multi-layer feature fusion to construct a new feature extraction network,which improves the feature extraction capability of the algorithm. The experimental results show that compared with the Faster-RCNN algorithm, this algorithm can learn more abundant target features in smaller pixel areas, thereby effectively improving the detection accuracy of ship targets.
Research on Life Loss of Generator Retainer Caused by Negative Sequence Current
Authors: Wang Yong , Deng Zhicheng , Chen Jiaying , Wang Di 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With a large number of wind and solar power sources connected to the power grid, higher requirements are put forward for the power generation equipment to respond to the power grid imbalance. The safety research of generator rotor retaining ring under the impact of negative sequence current is of great significance. For 300MW turbogenerator, the two-dimensional and three-dimensional eddy current, temperature rise, stress and life of generator rotor under the impact of negative sequence current are analyzed and studied. The two-dimensional calculation models of stator and rotor are established, and the distribution of negative sequence eddy current field in rotor section is analyzed; considering the contact resistance between rotor and retaining ring and the end effect of magnetic field, a three-dimensional analysis model is established, and the calculation results of three-dimensional eddy current field, temperature field and stress field are obtained. The analysis shows that after considering the contact resistance between rotor and retaining ring and end effect, the current density at the contact between retaining ring and rotor big tooth edge is 17.6 times of the two-dimensional calculation result of rotor section, and the maximum temperature of rotor retaining ring reaches 170.36°C.
Analysis of the physicochemical process in the production of biogas from equine manure
Authors: Sanchez-Beltrán J M , Acevedo-Páez J C , Moreno Gamboa F 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The present research aims to evaluate the physicochemical variables involved in the anaerobic digestion process to produce methane from manure on an agricultural farm; the farm has 2 equines that generate 12 Kg of manure per day. A manure sample was collected, and the following physicochemical parameters were determined: total solids, volatile solids, chemical oxygen demand, and pH. A tubular household biodigester was then implemented, consisting mainly of a polyethylene geomembrane that stores the organic matter and in which anaerobic digestion takes place. The performance of the biodigester was determined by the removal of organic matter quantified by volatile solids and chemical oxygen demand in the biodigester influent and digestate, of which removal of 82% of volatile solids and 74% of chemical oxygen demand was achieved. The average biogas production was 0.5 m3/day, and its lower heating value was 26,000 kJ/m3. The pH level of the biodigester was within the range of 6-7, in order to keep the methanogenic bacteria active, in charge of carrying out physicochemical process that guarantees anaerobic digestion and thus, the production of biogas.
Analysis of the ratio between the plasticity of clay and the expansion capacity by changes in humidity and temperature
Authors: Cáceres J R , Pineda-Rodríguez J R , Rojas-Suárez J P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Clay is a cohesive material that varies in volume due to changes in humidity and temperature. Its behavior is studied with physical and geotechnical characterization of the material. The experimental analysis of the expansiveness of clays is related to plasticity, which depends on the expansive minerals it contains. The objective is to analyze the relationship between the plasticity index and the expansion capacity due to changes in humidity and temperature; various types of clay from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia, were studied. Liquid limit and plastic limit were analyzed with which the plasticity index was determined. The test tube free expansion and calcination were carried out at 1000 °C to determine the volumetric change due to humidity and temperature, respectively. The clays with plasticity index of 10% - 20% presented expansion by humidity of 5% - 10% and by calcination of 0% - 10%, which indicates low expansion; while the clay with plasticity index of 20% - 40% presented expansion by moisture of 20% - 50% and by calcination of 25% - 50%, which indicates moderately high expansion. The results show that there is a relationship between plasticity index and the expansion capacity due to changes in humidity and temperature.
Instantaneous speed as a tool for defining accessibility in the road network of Ocaña, Colombia
Authors: Cabrera Jiménez L T , Navarro Sánchez L , Gallardo Amaya R J 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The application of the concept of instantaneous speed to the movement of vehicles on a city’s road network made it possible to establish average operating speeds. With the help of software based on geographic information systems, it was possible to determine the minimum travel times required by vehicles to move between two points on the network. Through the above analysis of speeds and travel times, applied to the road network of the municipality Ocaña, Colombia, it was possible to establish the time required by various types of vehicles to travel between the different points of the road network, allowing to define the level of accessibility to move between different areas of the city. The analysis required the updating, characterization, georeferencing and determination of the instantaneous speeds for each trip in the different arcs of the network and the subsequent determination of the average travel time curves in the network. The urban area of the city is covered with an average travel time of 15 minutes and the operating speeds are between 5 km/h and 31 km/h, with variations depending on the type of vehicle (bus, taxi, motorcycle).
Wear analysis in cutting tools by the technique of image processing with the application of two-dimensional matrices
Authors: Arévalo-Ruedas J H , Espinel-Blanco E , Florez-Solano E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The useful life of the tools is a very important economic factor in the metal industry, so any improvement of the tool or material that can extend the useful life of the tools is productive. Tool deterioration can cause damage, cracking and vibration to the tool, and even damage to the machine. Effective tool wear control is most important. Effective tool wear control is most important. At present, there are some tools that can obtain the necessary conditions through digital image processing, and study their lifespan according to their work cycle, as well as the types of possible relationships between the pixels of the image and the different modes of operation, allowing the extraction or isolation of the objects considered. This work analyzes the wear of the tool with the application of two-dimensional matrices with the toolbox of the MATLAB software, which allows to monitor the status of the inserts with the comparison of images in gray scales, in addition, a method of analysis based on interfaces is also being studied; through it, users can access the database that has been implemented, as well as a set of images used to verify the functions developed, determining the wear on the cutting tool.
Effect of external mechanical stimuli on human bone: a narrative review
Authors: Mancuso Megan E , Wilzman Andrew R , Murdock Kyle E , Troy Karen L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Bone is a living composite material that has the capacity to adapt and respond to both internal and external stimuli. This capacity allows bone to adapt its structure to habitual loads and repair microdamage. Although human bone evolved to adapt to normal physiologic loading (for example from gravitational and muscle forces), these same biological pathways can potentially be activated through other types of external stimuli such as pulsed electromagnetic fields, mechanical vibration, and others. This review summarizes what is currently known about how human bone adapts to various types of external stimuli. We highlight how studies on sports-specific athletes and other exercise interventions have clarified the role of mechanical loading on bone structure. We also discuss clinical scenarios, such as spinal cord injury, where mechanical loading is drastically reduced, leading to rapid bone loss and permanent alterations to bone structure. Finally, we highlight areas of emerging research and unmet clinical need.
On the present and future of American poetry
Authors: Caplan David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
“On the present and future of American poetry” argues that the contemporary poets who follow Robert Lowell’s model of blending public and private history often turn against the particular hierarchies that made the Lowell name seem “significant, illustrative, American, etc.” Instead, contemporary poets have taken up the challenge of presenting a new account of American history and culture. They introduce a new set of important names of people and places. The poets of the Black Lives Matter movement, for instance, elegize African American victims of police violence. At the same time, their poems add new variations of the two characteristics of American: the perceived need for distinctiveness and its transnationalism.
An evaluation of parapatric distributions among ecologically similar rattlesnakes (Viperidae:Crotalus) in North American warm deserts
Authors: Meik Jesse M , Watson Jessica A , Lawing A Michelle , Streicher Jeffrey W 
Published: December 2021

AbstractParapatric distributions between ecologically similar species have the potential to reveal the effects of limiting similarity in large-scale patterns of species coexistence. We present a qualitative model that predicts three different types of parapatric boundaries between competing species pairs: gap parapatry, abrupt parapatry and narrow sympatry. Our model integrates both niche-based and neutral theory perspectives of coexistence in the context of climatic tolerances, species equivalence, contingencies of dispersal history, priority effects and a heterogeneous patchwork of optimal and suboptimal habitat. Using species distribution models, tests of niche overlap and phylogeographical data, we evaluated assumptions and conditions of this model for four species of mostly allopatric, rock-dwelling rattlesnakes (Viperidae: Crotalus) inhabiting arid mountain ranges of the Mohave–Sonoran desert system of western North America. Our model was adequate for predicting the different types of range boundaries observed across this guild of ecologically similar species. Where species distributions were separated by a steep climatic gradient without evidence of recent dispersal, we observed gap parapatry; where historical dispersal was asymmetric, we observed abrupt parapatry; and finally, where historical dispersal was symmetric, we observed narrow sympatry.
Dying under a Description? Physician-Assisted Suicide, Persons, and Solidarity
Authors: Fozard Weaver Darlene 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Debates over physician-assisted suicide (PAS) comprise a small portion of broader culture wars. Their role in the culture wars obscures an under-acknowledged consensus between those who support PAS and those who oppose it. Drawing insights from personalism, this essay situates PAS within larger moral obligations of solidarity with the dying and their caregivers. The contributions of Roman Catholic personalism relocate debates over PAS and allow us to harness shared moral impulses.
Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia: Theological and Ethical Responses
Authors: Sulmasy Daniel P 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEuthanasia and rational suicide were acceptable practices in some quarters in antiquity. These practices all but disappeared as Hippocratic, Jewish, Christian, and Muslim beliefs took hold in Europe and the Near East. By the late nineteenth century, however, a political movement to legalize euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) began in Europe and the United States. Initially, the path to legalization was filled with obstacles, especially in the United States. In the last few decades, however, several Western nations have legalized euthanasia, and several US jurisdictions have now legalized PAS, giving state sanction to these once forbidden practices. With increasing social and political pressure to accept PAS, Christians need to understand how to think about this issue from an explicitly Christian perspective. Independent of the question of legalization, there are significant theological and ethical questions. This special issue aims to address those concerns, including: how does the practice of PAS or euthanasia impact our attitudes toward death, and what does it mean to “die well?” Should physicians, as healers, be involved in assisting patients who wish to bring about their own death? Are these methods significantly distinguished from other ethically justified practices in end-of-life care that also lead to a person’s death? Can Christians, both as patients and practitioners, justify the use of these methods to relieve suffering in this manner as compatible with the faith? Although these questions are not new to the debate, it is increasingly important that these controversies are addressed as the practice of PAS is popularized.
Serum exosomal microRNA-144-3p: a promising biomarker for monitoring Crohn's disease
Authors: Chen Peng , Huang Shanshan , Yu Qiao , Chao Kang , Wang Ying , Zhou Gaoshi , Zhuang Xiaojun , Zeng Zhirong , Chen Minhu , Zhang Shenghong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Crohn’s disease (CD) has a tendency for recurrence and requires adequate monitoring and personalized treatment. Since endoscopy is considerably invasive, serum biomarkers are required as alternatives for CD monitoring. Toward this, exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as promising candidates. In this study, we aimed to assess the role of serum exosomal microRNA-144-3p (miR-144-3p) as a biomarker for CD monitoring.

Methods
We prospectively recruited 154 patients without a history of surgery (Cohort 1) and 75 patients who were to undergo intestinal resection (Cohort 2). Serum samples were collected from Cohort 1 before colonoscopy and from Cohort 2 before surgery and during post-operative colonoscopic examination. The serum levels of exosomal miR-144-3p were measured using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Correlations between relative exosomal miR-144-3p levels, disease activity, and disease behavior were analysed. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the predictive value of exosomal miR-144-3p regarding mucosal activity and post-operative recurrence.

Results
A 3.33-fold increase in serum exosomal miR-144-3p levels was recorded in patients with CD compared with those in healthy controls (P &lt; 0.001). The exosomal miR-144-3p levels were positively correlated with the simple endoscopic score of CD (ρ = 0.547, P &lt; 0.001) as well as the Rutgeerts score (ρ = 0.478, P &lt; 0.001). Elevated exosomal miR-144-3p levels were correlated with the penetrating disease with high specificity (100% [95% confidence interval, 95.1%–100%]). The accuracy of exosomal miR-144-3p for identifying post-operative recurrence was higher than that of C-reactive protein (CRP) (AUC, 0.775 vs 0.639; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Serum exosomal miR-144-3p is a reliable biomarker of mucosal inflammation and penetrating CD. It may identify endoscopic CD recurrence after intestinal resection with higher accuracy than CRP testing.
Egocentric Processing: The Advantages of Person-Related Features in Consumers’ Product Decisions
Authors: Weiss Liad 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article explores the possibility that product features may resonate differently with different consumers based on how consumers classify the product in relation to their selves. Prior research has shown that relating products to a consumer’s self affects product memory, judgment, and choice. Here we identify a novel way in which the self contextualizes consumers’ product decisions: egocentric processing. We introduce a theoretical distinction between two types of product features based on relative applicability to people versus products: person-related (e.g., toughness) and product-related (e.g., durability). Seven experiments demonstrated that consumers use self-categorization cues, such as ownership or brand, to classify products in relation to the category of self. Consumers then use the category of self, to which person-related features neatly apply, to process information about in-self products. Person-related features thus gain three advantages in consumer decisions about in-self (vs. out-self) products: greater consideration, faster processing, and higher importance. We see these advantages especially when (1) similar advantages are present in self-judgment, (2) consumers are self-focused, and (3) the self-categorization cue is self-defining. Our findings both open up new ways for marketers to increase the appeal of products for specific consumer segments and demonstrate ways to identify and target these segments.