bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation and psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Fear of Missing Out Scale in adolescents
Authors: Kaloeti Dian Veronika Sakti , Kurnia S Ayu , Tahamata Valentino Marcel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
This study’s main purpose was to examine the psychometric properties of FoMOs’ adaptation among the Indonesian adolescents’ population. The second aim was to investigate the concurrent validity of the Indonesian version to provide evidence for the validity. Also, FoMOs’ difference level between demographic variance analyses was performed.

Method
The study involved a cross-sectional online survey design with 638 Indonesian adolescents aged 16–24 (M = 19.08, SD = 14.70). FoMO was measured by a 16-item that has been modified from the original 10-item. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out to study its scores’ evidence of structural validity. Besides, to study its scores’ evidence of convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity concerning other variables such as stress, anxiety, and depression (Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale-21), and general health condition (General Health Questionnaire Scale-12), correlation analyses were conducted. To study the sensitivity, we assessed the effect of sociodemographic and social media use on the scale’s ability to identify the population’s risk to the FoMO by conducting analyses of variance. The Cronbach alpha values (α = .93) indicated that internal consistency of the scale was at an adequate level.

Results
Exploratory factorial analyses revealed adequate adjustment for the new version of the scale showing the three factorial structures. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the 12-item of Indonesian FoMO had a good fit (χ2/df = 289.324/51; goodness-of-fit index (GFI) = 0.928; RMSEA = 0.086; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.915; normed fit index (NFI) = 0.899; parsimony normed fit index (PNFI) = .695; Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) = 0.890).

Conclusion
This study has shown that the modified 12-item Fear of Missing Out Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for Indonesian adolescents. It showed that the Indonesian version of Fear of Missing Out Scale has adequate psychometric properties to measure Indonesian adolescents’ online behavior.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the first 500 confirmed COVID-19 inpatients in a tertiary infectious disease referral hospital in Manila, Philippines
Authors: Agrupis Kristal An , Smith Chris , Suzuki Shuichi , Villanueva Annavi Marie , Ariyoshi Koya , Solante Rontgene , Telan Elizabeth Freda , Estrada Kelly Anne , Uichanco Ann Celestyn , Sagurit Jocelyn , Calayo Joy , Umipig Dorcas , dela Merced Zita , Villarama Fe , Dimaano Efren , Villarama Jose Benito , Lopez Edmundo , Sayo Ana Ria 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The Philippines has been one of the most affected COVID-19 countries in the Western Pacific region, but there are limited data on COVID-19-related mortality and associated factors from this setting. We aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and associations with mortality among COVID-19-confirmed individuals admitted to an infectious diseases referral hospital in Metro Manila.

Main text
This was a single-centre retrospective analysis including the first 500 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 individuals admitted to San Lazaro Hospital, Metro Manila, Philippines, from January to October 2020. We extracted clinical data and examined epidemiological and clinical characteristics and factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Of the 500 individuals, 133 (26.6%) were healthcare workers (HCW) and 367 (73.4%) were non-HCW, with HCW more likely presenting with milder symptoms. Non-HCW admissions were more likely to have at least one underlying disease (51.6% vs. 40.0%; p = 0.002), with hypertension (35.4%), diabetes (17.4%), and tuberculosis (8.2%) being the most common. Sixty-one (12.2%) died, comprising 1 HCW and 60 non-HCW (0.7% vs. 16.3%; p < 0.001). Among the non-HCW, no death occurred for the 0–10 years age group, but deaths were recorded across all other age groups. Compared to those who recovered, individuals who died were more likely to be older (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.015), report difficulty of breathing (p < 0.001), be HIV positive (p = 0.008), be intubated (p < 0.001), categorised as severe or critical (p < 0.001), have a shorter mean hospital stay (p < 0.001), or have an additional diagnosis of pneumonia (p < 0.001) or ARDS (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our analysis reflected significant differences in characteristics, symptomatology, and outcomes between healthcare and non-healthcare workers. Despite the unique mix of cohorts, our results support the country’s national guideline on COVID-19 vaccination which prioritises healthcare workers, the elderly, and people with comorbidities and immunodeficiency states.
Comparison of the potential activities of viral and bacterial chitinases
Authors: Abulikemu Suleiman , Yesilyurt Aydin , Gencer Donus , Usta Mehtap , Nalcacioglu Remziye 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Chitin, a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, is a major structural component of the insect exoskeleton and the peritrophic membrane (PM). Chitinases are able to effectively break down glycosidic bonds of chitin polymer thus can be used in agriculture to control plant pathogen insects. These enzymes can be synthesized by higher plants, animals, protista, bacteria, and viruses.

Results
In this study, viral and bacterial chitinases were compared for their potential activity on a laboratory test insect. The genes encoding chitinases of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcNPV) and Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) were amplified from genomic DNAs by PCR and cloned into the pET-28a (+) expression vector. The chitinase proteins of these 2 viruses (AcNPV-Chi, CpGV-Chi) and Serratia marcescens chitinase C (ChiC) protein which was previously cloned were overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Expressed proteins were purified and confirmed by western blot analysis as 50, 63, and 68 kDa for AcNPV, CpGV, and S. marcescens chitinases, respectively. Enzyme activities of the chitinases were confirmed. Chitinases were also compared to each other in silico. The insecticidal effects of these proteins were evaluated on Galleria mellonella L. larvae. Bioassays were performed on the 3rd instar larvae for each chitinase protein in triplicate. The results showed that although there were differences in enzymatic activities and domain organizations, all 3 microbial chitinases produced almost the same level of insecticidal activity on the test insect. LC50 and LT50 values were compatible with the mortality results. These results were a preanalysis for comparing the effects of microbial chitinases.

Conclusion
Potential activity experiments should be carried out on more insects to provide detailed information on the insecticidal effects of bacterial and viral chitinases.
Effects of curing on emulsion cold mix asphalts and their extracted binder
Authors: Thiriet Amélie , Gaudefroy Vincent , Chailleux Emmanuel , Piau Jean-Michel , Delfosse Frédéric , Leroy Christine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on the physicochemical changes that happen in cold mix asphalts during curing, and more specifically, while and after transitioning to different simulated seasons. Several tests were carried out in order to better grasp the influence of the weather (temperature and humidity) on the curing of such materials. The mechanical behaviour of the mix was assessed using oedometer tests. The physicochemical evolutions of extracted binders, such as oxidation and rheology, were evaluated. The results show stiffening of the mix and ageing of the binder linked to a higher temperature and a lower humidity. A low temperature and high moisture seem to slow down these evolutions. However the binder behaviour does not explain the whole mix behaviour as the kinetics between them are not always similar. Thus other mechanisms are yet to be found and taken into account to fully understand cold mix asphalts behaviour.
Influence of gasoline emissions on tomato fruit rot by two fungi in tropical ambient conditions
Authors: Aborisade Abiola Titilola , Balogun Kayode Peter , Oladele Oluwole Olakunle 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The release of pollutant gases into the atmosphere as a result of anthropogenic activities exert effect on biological systems at many levels. Combustion engines such as those in vehicles and power generators pollute the air with emissions from their exhausts. The gases released which are oxides of carbon, nitrogen; sulphur and particulate matter have effect on living things in the immediate environment. Up to 25% of harvested fruits and vegetables are lost mainly due to microbial activities before consumption. Disease development in ripe tomato fruit (host) by two of its fungal pathogens in the presence of generator emissions is presently being studied.

Results
Treatment produced variable effects depending on the fungus and the route of infection. For Rhizopus stolonifer coated and Fusarium oxysporum wound inoculated fruits, significant disease reduction was noticeable in the later days of storage, specifically from day 11. Fruits coated with F. oxsporum spores without wounding however, rotted more with gasoline emissions treatment also noticeably at the later period of storage. Long exposures caused greater rot reduction where disease was reduced and more severe rot where disease was enhanced. Rhizopus infected fruits were best preserved for 14 days by 40 min exposure while wound inoculated Fusarium infected fruits were best preserved by 45 min exposure. Disease reduction was 40–50% in both types of infection. Conversely, disease was most aggravated by about 50% by 45 min exposure of unwounded Fusarium infected fruits. Other exposures also caused increased rotting by about 5–35%.

Conclusions
The results demonstrate that air pollution by fumes from generators may under certain host–pathogen conditions be advantageous in prolonging postharvest life of ripe tomatoes, while at other times could be devastating when fruits are subsequently stored or marketed at tropical ambient temperature. The advantage, however, outweighs the negative effects.
The COVID-19 basic reproductive ratio using SEIR model for the Middle East countries and some other countries for two stages of the disease
Authors: Al-Raeei Marwan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The new coronavirus disease appeared at the end of 2019, and it is now a global problem over the world. There are multiple epidemiologic indicators used for discussing the spread of pandemics, one of these indicators is the basic reproductive ratio which indicates whether the pandemic is going to spread more or relax, and the aim of this work is estimating this ratio for the Middle East countries for two stages of the pandemic.

Main body of the abstract
We employ Runge–Kutta method on SEIR model to simulate the basic reproductive ratio values of SARS-CoV-2 disease by using the recorded data of the disease for two stages, up to date May 29, 2020, in the first stage and up to date September 7, 2020, in the second stage. We estimate the coefficient of exposing rate, the coefficient of infection rate, the coefficient of recovery rate and the coefficient of mortality rate of the new coronavirus disease in addition to the basic reproductive ratio values of the disease in the Middle East countries, namely Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the Syrian Arab Republic, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey and Yemen where we apply the SEIR epidemic model.

Short conclusion
We find that the values of the basic reproductive ratio of the new coronavirus disease based on the used model in the Middle East countries start from 1.5583 to 3.0395 in the first stage and from 1.0001 to 4.5757. Besides, we find that the problem of the new coronavirus disease in Lebanon and in the Syrian Arab Republic is not good at all in the recent stage based on the values of the basic reproductive ratio comparing with other Middle East countries. Also, we find that the value of the basic reproductive ratio for the second stage is near one; however, if we apply the method for the following stages, we find that the values return to be larger because lots of people in that stage and after did not follow the governmental procedures for stopping the spreading of the disease.
Relationship of the sacral slope with early gait derangements in robust older women
Authors: Oliveira Leda Magalhaes , Roizenblatt Suely , Silva Flavio Duarte , Roizenblatt Arnaldo , Fernandes Artur Rocha Correa , Szejnfeld Vera Lucia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Trunk pelvic dissociation is fundamental to the compensatory mechanism for muscle weakness during body bending. We carried out an early investigation of gait changes in a sample of community-dwelling women ≥60 years without gait complaints. The primary objective was to correlate spine and pelvic angles with performance tests and accelerometry parameters. The secondary objective was to correlate performance tests with accelerometry.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 54 community-dwelling women ≥60 years were subjected to Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), performance tests (Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go, and Gait analysis), and radiographic analysis of sagittal alignment (Thoracic and Lumbar Cobb, Pelvic Incidence, Sacral Slope, and Pelvic Tilt angles). Gait speed was assessed in a 10-m comfortable walk, and accelerometry parameters were obtained in a 30-m walk distance.

Results
The sample, aged 72 ± 6 years, exhibited moderate correlation between Sacral Slope and Step Length (+ 0.615). Sacral Slope weakly correlated with FES-I (− 0.339), Berg Balance Scale (+ 0.367), and with further accelerometry data in the AP plane: RMS, (+ 0.439) and Stride Regularity (+ 0.475), p < 0.05, all. Lumbar Cobb weakly correlated with the following accelerometry data in the AP plane: Step Length (+ 0.405), RMS, (+ 0.392), and Stride Regularity (+ 0.345), p < 0.05, all. Additionally, Stride Regularity in AP moderately correlated with FES-I (0,561, p < 0.05), among other weak correlations between performance tests and accelerometry data in AP.

Conclusions
Early alterations in Sacral Slope and gait abnormalities in the AP plane may provide understanding of the early gait changes in robust older women.
Gout of feet and ankles in different disease durations: diagnostic value of single-source DECT and evaluation of urate deposition with a novel semi-quantitative DECT scoring system
Authors: Shang Jin , Li Xiao-Hu , Lu Shu-Qin , Shang Yi , Li Lu-Lu , Liu Bin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the diagnostic performance of single-source dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) based on gemstone spectral imaging technology (including Discovery CT750HD and Revolution CT) in patients with suspected feet/ankles gouty arthritis, and evaluate the urate deposition with a novel semi-quantitative DECT scoring system.

Methods
A total of 196 patients were consecutively included. Feet and ankles were evaluated in all patients by single-source DECT scan. The 2015 EULAR/ACR criteria were used as the reference for the diagnosis of gout. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of DECT for the diagnosis of gout in the early (≤1 year), middle (1–3 years), and late (> 3 years) disease durations were calculated. Besides, a novel semi-quantitative DECT scoring system was assessed for the measurement of urate deposition, and the correlation between the scores and the clinical and serological data were also evaluated. Moreover, the influences of artifacts on the diagnostic performance of DECT were also determined.

Results
The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of DECT in 196 patients were 38.10, 96.43%, and 0.673 in the early-stage group; 62.96, 100.00%, and 0.815 in the middle-stage group; and 77.55, 87.50%, and 0.825 in the late-stage group, respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracies in the AUC of DECT (Discovery CT750HD and Revolution CT) in the middle and late stages of gout were higher than that in the early stage of gout. Besides, the monosodium urate crystals were deposited on the first metatarsophalangeal joints and ankles/midfeet. Age, the presence of tophus, bone erosion, and disease duration considerably affected the total urate score. No statistical difference in the positive detection of nail artifact, skin artifact, vascular calcification, and noise artifact was found between the case and control groups.

Conclusion
DECT (Discovery CT750HD and Revolution CT) showed promising diagnostic accuracy for the detection of urate crystal deposition in gout but had limited diagnostic sensitivity for short-stage gout. Longer disease duration, the presence of tophus, and bone erosion were associated with the urate crystal score system. The artifacts do not remarkably affect the diagnostic performance of DECT in gout.
Elucidation of the liver proteome in response to an antioxidant intake in rabbits
Authors: Sikiru Akeem Babatunde , Arangasamy Arunachalam , Egena Stephen Sunday Acheneje , Veerasamy Sejian , Reddy Ippala Janardhan , Raghavendra Bhatta 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAntioxidant intakes are one of the most cherished dietary approaches for the management of oxidative stress-induced liver damages. These antioxidants exist as the bioactive compounds present in plants and other natural sources functioning in varieties of ways from acting as direct scavengers of the free radicals to acting as the modifiers of genes and proteins expressions.Chlorella vulgarisis one of such antioxidants; it is a unicellular microalga and a rich source of polyphenols which has been reported for its capacity of reducing oxidative stress by upregulation of antioxidant genes. However, there are scarce reports on its effect on antioxidant protein expressions and functions in the liver. This situation necessitates untargeted proteomic profiling of the liver due to the antioxidant intakes as carried out in this present study. Sixteen laboratory weaner rabbits of 8 weeks old with initial average bodyweight of 1060 ± 29.42 g were randomly divided into two groups (n= 8 per group); the first group served as control while the second served as the treatment group were used for this study.ResultsAfter a period of 120 days daily consumption of 500 mg ofChlorella vulgarisbiomass per kg bodyweight of the rabbit models, the animals were sacrificed and their livers were harvested followed by protein extraction for the untargeted proteomic profiling using LC-MS/Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid™ peptides quantifier and sequencer. Also, there was an assessment of the oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver and serum of the rabbits. Five-hundred and forty-four (544) proteins were identified out of which 204 were unique to the control, 198 were unique to the treatment group, while 142 were common to both groups of the rabbits. Antioxidant proteins commonly found in both groups were upregulated in the treatment group and were significantly associated with oxidative stress-protective activities. There was a reduction in oxidative stress biomarkers of the supplemented group as indicated by the assessment of the liver malondialdehyde concentrations (p< 0.05), total antioxidant capacities (p< 0.05), and antioxidant enzyme activities (p< 0.05). Similarly, these biomarkers were significantly reduced in the serum of the supplemented rabbits (p< 0.05).ConclusionThe study concluded thatChlorella vulgarisis an antioxidant agent that could be suitable for reducing liver oxidative stress damage and it is a potential drug candidate for protecting the liver against oxidative stress damages as revealed in the rabbit models.
Evaluación de la prueba Fluorecare de anticuerpos contra la proteína Spike del SARS-CoV-2 en la práctica real
Authors: Salvagno Gian Luca , Gianfilippi Gianluca , Pighi Laura , De Nitto Simone , Henry Brandon M. , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: June 2021

Resumen

Objetivos
A la luz de la elevada eficiencia diagnóstica de las pruebas rápidas de detección de antígenos (Ag-RDT) contra el coronavirus de tipo 2 causante del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2), se realizó un estudio con el fin de evaluar el rendimiento clínico de la prueba de antígenos contra la proteína Spike del SARS-CoV-2 en un escenario real.

Métodos
La población de estudio estaba formada por pacientes que se sometieron a una prueba diagnóstica ordinaria del SARS-Cov-2 en el Hospital Pederzoli de Peschiera del Garda (Verona, Italia). Se tomó una muestra de exudado nasofanríngeo en el momento del ingreso, que se sometió a un análisis molecular (Altona Diagnostics RealStar® SARSCoV-2 RT-PCR Kit) y de antígenos (Prueba Fluorecare de Antígenos contra la proteína Spike del SARS-CoV-2).

Resultados
La población de estudio estaba compuesta por 354 pacientes (edad media, 47±20 años; 195 mujeres, 55,1%), de los cuales 223 (65,8%) obtuvieron un resultado positivo en el análisis molecular. Se observó una correlación significativa entre la prueba Fluorecare y Altona (para los genes S y E: r=−0,75; p<0,001). El área bajo la curva acumulada en todas las muestras nasofaríngeas fue de 0,68. A un índice S/CO ≥1,0, indicado por el fabricante, la sensibilidad, especifidad y valor predictivo negativo y positivo fueron del 27,5%, 99,2%, 41,5% y 98,5%, respectivamente. La sensibilidad se mostró inversamente proporcional a los valores de Ct, llegando al 66,7% en las muestras con valores medios de Ct <30, al 90,5% en aquellas con valores medios de Ct <25, y hasta al 100% en las muestras con valores medios de Ct <20.

Conclusiones
Dada la modesta sensibilidad y moderado valor predictivo negativo de la prueba de Fluorecare, no se recomienda sustituir con esta prueba el análisis molecular para el diagnóstico de infección por SARS-CoV-2, aunque su adecuada sensibilidad confirma su fiabilidad para el cribado de pacientes con mayor potencial infeccioso.
Compact dual-band balanced bandpass filter based on circular SIW cavity
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Ji Chao , Tong Meng-Han , Xie Zhen-Jiang , Xu Cong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A compact dual-band balanced bandpass filter with high frequency selectivity and adjustable passband based on the perturbed circular substrate integrated waveguide cavity is firstly proposed in this paper. Two pairs of metallic vias are located at 45°direction of cavities to separate a pair of degenerate modes (TM110 modes) to achieve the differential-mode (DM) dual-band response. Moreover, the perturbation vias can also be used to control the center frequency of the second DM passband while the first one still stays unaffected. The introduction of source-load coupling makes the filter exhibit excellent selectivity. And four controllable transmission zeros appear near two DM passbands. Finally, good common-mode suppression has been got owing to the proposed balanced structure. The measured results are in accordance with the simulated ones well.