bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Government’s Role in Decreasing Divorce Rates in Indonesia: A Study of Its Factors and Impacts in Aceh and South Sulawesi
Authors: Djawas Mursyid , Ridhwan Ridhwan , Devy Soraya , Husna Asmaul 
Published: July 2021

This study discusses the increase in divorce rates in Indonesia, especially in Aceh and South Sulawesi. This study investigates factors affecting the increase of divorce rates and the role of the government in decreasing the divorce rates. This research is an empirical legal study that used structural functionalism theory and role theory. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews, and document studies. This study concludes that the factors that influence the increase in divorce rates in Indonesia, especially in Aceh and South Sulawesi, are economy, education, the lack of religious understanding, social media, early marriage, and the lack of empathy on the rights and obligations of husband/wife. As a result, the high divorce rate in Indonesia negatively affects children, families and the nation. The government's efforts to address this reality are by holding out pre-marital courses, preaching marriage sermons to strengthen family and prevent a divorce, holding happy family contests, and designing a marriage guidance module for brides and grooms. These efforts, in the sociology of law context, are the government's function and role in anticipating the increasing divorce rates so the social system stability can be maintained. Abstrak:Penelitian ini membahas upaya pemerintah dalam menurunkan angka perceraian di Indonesia khususnya di Aceh dan Sulawesi Selatan. Studi ini mengkaji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingginya perceraian dan dampak yang disebabkannya. Sumber data dalam penelitian hukum empiris ini adalah kuisioner, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Data-data tersebut kemudian diolah menggunakan teori fungsionalisme struktural dan teori peran. Temuan dalam penelitian menjelaskan bahwa penyebab meningkatkan perceraian di Aceh dan Sulawesi Selatan adalah ekonomi, pendidikan, kurangnya pemahaman agama, media sosial, pernikahan dini, dan kurangnya empati terhadap kewajiban suami/istri. Tingginya perceraian ini berdampak negatif kepada anak, keluarga, dan bangsa. Upaya pemerintah untuk mengatasi kenyataan ini adalah dengan mengadakan kursus pranikah, khutbah nikah untuk memperkuat keluarga dan mencegah perceraian, mengadakan kontes keluarga bahagia, dan merancang modul panduan pernikahan untuk calon pengantin. Upaya-upaya tersebut, dalam konteks sosiologi hukum, merupakan fungsi dan peran pemerintah dalam menjaga stabilitas sistem sosial.
English Teachers’ Perspectives on Challenges, Suggestions, and Materials of Online Teaching amidst the Global Pandemic
Authors: Nartiningrum Novrika , Nugroho Arif 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTMaintaining undisrupted learning during this pandemic becomes a challenge for teachers all over the world. In Indonesia, the practices of open online learning are not yet to be implemented. Online learning in Secondary school Year 7-9 level goes as far as internet-assisted learning or blended learning. Thus, previous research has not examined teachers' perspectives on full online learning as implemented during the Covid-19 pandemic. Considering this situation, EFL Secondary school Year 7-9 teachers’ perspectives, as one of the essential aspects of online learning, lack investigation. Therefore, the present study offers 20 EFL Secondary school Year 7-9 teachers’ insights regarding challenges, suggestions, and teaching materials needed during the Covid-19 outbreak. Drawing on qualitative data collected by means of self-written reflections and semi-structured interviews, the findings informed that poor internet signal disrupts the teaching process. Thus, the teachers suggest that maintaining a stable internet connection should become a priority. Then, easy access to online applications and websites is deemed necessary by teachers as material sources for online teaching. The results of this study contribute to the literature of English language teaching in response to the present-day phenomenon about online learning, particularly in Secondary school Year 7-9 level. ABSTRAKMempertahankan pembelajaran tanpa gangguan selama pandemic ini menjadi tantangan bagi para guru di seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia, praktik pembelajaran online terbuka masih belum diterapkan. Pembelajaran online di Sekolah Menengah tingkat 7-9 masih sejauh pembelajaran dengan bantuan internet atau pembelajaran campuran. Dengan demikian, penelitian sebelumnya belum mengkaji perspektif guru tentang full online learning sepertin yang diterapkan selama pandemi Covid-19. Mempertimbangkan situasi ini, perspektif guru EFL Sekolah Menengah Kelas 7-9, sebagai salah satu aspek penting dari pembelajaran online, belum diselidiki. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menawarkan perspektif dari 20 guru 20 EFL Sekolah Menengah Kelas 7-9 tentang tantangan, saran dan bahan pengajaran yang dibutuhkan selama wabah Covid-19. Berdasarkan data kualitatif yang dikumpulkan melalui refleksi yang ditulis sendiri dan wawancara semi-terstruktur interviews, temuan menginformasikan bahwa sinyal internet yang buruk mengganggu proses pengajaran. Oleh karena itu, para guru menyarankan bahwa menjaga koneksi internet yang stabil harus menjadi prioritas. Kemudian, aplikasi dan website online yang mudah diakses dianggap dibutuhkan oleh guru sebagai sumber materi pembelajaran online. Hasil penelitian ini berkontribusi pada literatur pengajaran Bahasa Inggris dalam menanggapi fenomena pembelajaran online saat ini, khususnya di tingkat Sekolah Menengah Kelas 7-9.
Teaching Practice during the Pandemic Outbreak: Perceptions of Pre-Service English Teachers
Authors: Rahmani Eka Fajar 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTCurrent studies report that a teaching practice program is important for pre-service teachers of English in providing real teaching experiences at school. However, since the Covid-19 outbreak, all school activities are transferred to online delivery mode, which led to teaching practice implementation to be conducted online. This transference must cause pre-service teachers to have different teaching practice experiences. Therefore, the study aims to discover pre-service teachers' perceptions regarding their teaching practice experience during the pandemic. This research was conducted to 114 seventh-semester students of the English Education Department of FKIP Pontianak. The methodology was a mixed-method where the quantitative procedure was first done, followed by the qualitative procedure. The data were gathered through questionnaires and interviews. The results indicated that the online teaching practice program brought various experiences resulting in “satisfying” and “unsatisfying” perceptions. In detail, more than 50% of participants agreed that despite the challenging situations they faced during the practice, they found the online teaching practice program beneficial, especially in providing broad teaching insights and experience. Hence, despite limitations to its ways of implementation, teaching practice program tends to shape positive teaching mindset and attitudes for pre-service teachers. ABSTRAKStudi saat ini melaporkan bahwa program praktik mengajar penting bagi calon guru Bahasa Inggris dalam memberikan pengalaman mengajar yang nyata di sekolah. Namun, sejak merebaknya wabah Covid-19, seluruh kegiatan sekolah dialihkan secara online, sehingga pelaksanaan praktik mengajar dilakukan secara online. Pemindahan ini harus menyebabkan para calon guru memiliki pengalaman praktik mengajar yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi calon guru tentang pengalaman praktik mengajar mereka selama pandemi. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 114 mahasiswa semester tujuh pada Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris FKIP Pontianak. Metodolog yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian campuran di mana prosedur kuantitatif dilakukan pertama kali, diikuti oleh prosedur kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program praktik mengajar online memberi berbagai pengalaman yang menghasilkan persepsi “memuaskan” atau “tidak memuaskan”. Secara rinci, lebih dari 50% peserta setuju bahwa meskipun menghadapi situasi menantang selama praktik, mereka menemukan program praktik mengajar online bermanfaat, terutama dalam memberikan wawasan dan pengalaman mengajar yang luas. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terlepas dari cara pelaksanaannya, program praktik mengajar selalu membentuk pola pikir dan sikap mengajar yang positif kepada guru prajabatan.
Indonesian Culture Influence Towards English Directive Acts Used by Senior High School Students
Authors: Tenridinanti Tamara Becce , Syahri Indawan , Abalos Maribel Casinto , Susanti Rini 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTIn uttering the English language, especially English directive acts, Indonesian people do not deliver it directly, but they convey it long-winded. It is influenced by the Indonesian culture that tends to convolute in explaining something which is different from the English-speaking culture that speaks straight to the point. The objectives of the study were to identify the common types of directive illocutionary acts and to describe how the Indonesian culture is represented in English illocutionary acts made by the students of SMA Negeri 10 Palembang. The method of the study was descriptive-qualitative. The data was collected from twenty-six participants of SMA Negeri 10 Palembang through the role-play technique. Results of this study showed eight common types of English directive acts: commanding, requesting, suggesting, forbidding, questioning, permitting, encouraging, and wishing. Besides, the resemblance between the Indonesian culture and illocutionary acts has an interconnection shown in culture transfer. In this this study in particular, questioning was the most dominant directive act, and this is because Indonesian people tend to ask first before uttering straight to the point and suggesting was the second most dominant whereas requesting was the least dominant. ABSTRAKDalam pengucapan bahasa Inggris khususnya bahasa Inggris directive act, orang Indonesia tidak menyampaikannya secara langsung, tetapi menyampaikannya dengan bertele-tele. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh budaya Indonesia yang berbelit-belit dalam menjelaskan sesuatu yang berbeda dengan budaya Inggris yang berbicara langsung ke intinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis ilokusi direktif yang umum dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana kemiripan budaya Indonesia dalam ilokusi bahasa Inggris yang dibuat oleh siswa SMA Negeri 10 Palembang. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada dua puluh enam peserta SMA Negeri 10 Palembang melalui peragaan role play. Studi ini menunjukkan delapan jenis tindakan direktif bahasa Inggris yang umum seperti memerintah, meminta, menyarankan, melarang, mempertanyakan, mengizinkan, mendorong, dan berharap. Selain itu, kemiripan budaya Indonesia dengan ilokusi memiliki keterkaitan yang terlihat dalam transfer budaya. Dari penelitian ini, bertanya sangat dominan karena masyarakat Indonesia cenderung bertanya terlebih dahulu sebelum berbicara langsung ke pokok permasalahan. Dominasi kedua menunjukkan, dan yang terakhir meminta.
Classroom Management in EFL Speaking Class: Strategies and Challenges
Authors: Muluk Safrul , Habiburrahim Habiburrahim , Zulfikar Teuku , Akmal Saiful , Nasriyanti Nasriyanti , Safrul Muhammad Safwan 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThis research was designed to investigate the strategies used and challenges faced by lecturers in managing EFL speaking classes. The researchers used both classroom observation and semi-structured interviews in collecting the data. The participants of this research were three EFL lecturers teaching English Speaking classes at the English Department of Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. These lecturers were selected purposively; all of them were those assigned to teach the speaking class. Insights of the lecturers on their experiences in managing speaking classes were investigated to examine strategies and challenges they faced. The findings suggest that the lecturers utilized several strategies such as setting the classroom, determining seating arrangements, fostering discipline, applying certain speaking activities, and providing interesting topics to discuss. The data also indicated that the lecturers faced challenges in managing their teaching. Issues such as lack of equipment or teaching media to support speaking activities, students’ lacked self-confidence, and lack of vocabulary were among the challenges faced by the lecturers. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mendapat informasi tentang strategi dan tantangan yang dihadapi dosen di dalam mengelola kelas. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan wawancara semi-terstruktur. Sumber data atau partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 3 dosen yang mengajar kelas Speaking di Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh. Para partisipan itu direkrut mengunakan teknik purposive sampling, dimana partisipan yang terlibat adalah yang sudah mengajar speaking selama beberapa semester. Hasil obssrevasi dan wawancara diperoleh informasi bahwa terdapat beberapa strategi dosen di dalam mengelola kelas, diantaranya: menyusun tempat duduk sedimikian rupa, menegakkan disiplin, mengunakan berbagai teknik pembelajaran speaking, dan memberikan topik yang menarik untuk didiskusikan. Penelitian ini juga memperoleh beberapa temuan yang berhubungan dengan tantangan dosen, diantaranya, tidak mencukupi fasilitas yang memadai yang dapat mendukung aktivitas pembelajaran speaking, kurangnya rasa percaya diri dari mahasiswa itu sendiri, dan tidak memadainya kosa kata yang dikuasai mahasiswa juga merupakan tantangan tersendiri dalam pengelolaan kelas speaking.
Fostering Students’ Grammatical Competence Through Flipped Classroom
Authors: Fadhilah Firdausa , Dewi Ratna Sari , Anasy Zaharil , Eviyuliwati Ismalianing , Syauki Syauki 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThis study aims to identify whether Flipped Classroom strategy can enhance students’ grammatical competence. EFL students still found difficulties in understanding and mastering grammar despite its central role in learning a new language. As we are living in the digital era, we can optimize digital tools in teaching and learning to assist students and teachers. Furthermore, students nowadays are tech-savvy, so it would not be very difficult to integrate technology into classroom. The participants of this research were the tenth grade students at SMAN 4 Tangerang Selatan. Classroom Action Research (CAR) was implemented as the research design with two cycles which comprised three meetings in each cycle. The cycle consisted of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The instruments used were test, questionnaire, observation, and researcher’s field note. The results showed that 77.14% of students passed the minimum criterion score; further, the results among pre-test, post-test 1, and post-test 2 significantly increased. These findings indicate that Flipped Classroom have the potential to improve students’ grammatical competence. ABSTRAKStudi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi gramatikal siswa melalui strategi Flipped Classroom dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi tersebut meningkatkan kompetensi gramatikal siswa. Siswa yang menggunakan bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing (EFL) masih mengalami kesulitan untuk memahami dan menguasai tata bahasa meskipun peran sentralnya dalam belajar bahasa. Karena kita hidup di era digital, kita dapat mengoptimalkan alat digital dalam proses belajar-mengajar untuk membantu siswa dan guru. Selain itu, siswa saat ini sudah paham teknologi sehingga tidak terlalu sulit untuk mengintegrasikan teknologi ke dalam kelas. Melihat fenomena ini, oleh sebab itu, penelitian telah dilaksanakan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X di SMAN 4 Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dilaksanakan sebagai desain penelitian dengan dua siklus yang terdiri dari 3 pertemuan di setiap siklusnya. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes, angket, observasi, dan catatan lapangan peneliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 77,14% siswa dinyatakan lulus kriteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM). Hasil pre-test, post-test 1, dan post-test 2 meningkat secara signifikan yang menunjukkan bahwa Flipped Classroom dapat meningkatkan kompetensi gramatikal siswa.
Геноцид как Тяжкое Преступление (Genocide As Extraordinary Crime)
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim , Nasution Latipah , Nurhalimah Siti , Romlah Siti 
Published: July 2021

The state is a subject of international law who has power or power, so that the state is required not to abuse its authority. State obligations have been regulated in various international legal instruments. The protection of human rights has implications for the emergence of the fulfillment of human rights as a form of state responsibility. The state in this case must ensure to protect, to ensure, and to fulfill the human rights. Therefore, all acts of the state that discriminate against citizens of a certain ethnicity by committing genocide are serious human rights crimes that must be prosecuted by the International Court of Justice. This study uses qualitative research with a sociological and juridical approach. The results of the study state that the State of Indonesia has also regulated the behavior of preventing the crime of genocide in order to protect human rights.Keywords: Genocide; HAM; Extraordinary Crime Abstrak:Negara merupakan subjek hukum internasional yang memiliki kekuasaan atau power, sehingga negara dituntut tidak melakukan penyalahgunaan wewenang. Kewajiban negara telah diatur dalam berbagai instrumen hukum internasional. Perlindungan terhadap HAM berimplikasi terhadap munculnya pemenuhan HAM sebagai wujud tanggungjawab negara. Negara dalam hal ini harus memastikan to protect, to ensure, and to fulfill the human rights. Oleh karenanya, segala tindakan negara yang melakukan diskriminasi kepada warga negara dari etnis tertentu dengan melakukan genosida merupakan kejahatan HAM berat yang harus dituntut oleh Mahkamah Internasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologis dan yuridis. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa Negara Indonesia juga telah mengatur perilaku pencegahan tindak kejahatan Genosida guna menjaga HAM.Kata Kunci: Genosida; HAM; Extraordinary Crime Аннотация:Государство является субъектом международного права, обладающим властью, поэтому от государства требуется не злоупотреблять своей властью. Обязательства государства регулируются различными международно-правовыми инструментами. Защита прав человека имеет значение для возникновения реализации прав человека как формы ответственности государства. Государство в этом случае должно гарантировать защиту, обеспечение и соблюдение прав человека. Следовательно, все действия государства, дискриминирующие граждан определенных этнических групп путем совершения геноцида, являются серьезными преступлениями в области прав человека, которые должны преследоваться Международным Судом. В данном исследовании используются качественные исследования с социологическим и юридическим подходом. Результаты исследования показывают, что государство Индонезия также регулирует действия по предотвращению преступления геноцида в целях защиты прав человека.Ключевые слова: геноцид; права человека; тяжкое преступление
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cell sheet to treat acute hind-limb ischemia: A preclinical study
Authors: Le Thuan Minh , Dang Giang Thi , Phat Huynh Duc , Ngoc Vu Bich 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has been reported as a promising therapy for acute limb ischemia (ALI). However, the treatment efficacy is limited to only certain improvements. Therefore, this study aims to improve the treatment efficacy of MSC transplantation through the use of MSC sheets produced from MSCs' cultured in fibrin scaffold (Fi-MSCs) in ALI models.
Methods: MSCs were isolated and expanded from human umbilical cord tissue. The fibril scaffold was produced from human umbilical cord blood. Fi-MSCs were prepared by mixing MSCs with fibril according to a published protocol, and the Fi-MSC sheets were implanted directly into ligated and transected sites in the hind limbs of ischemic models (treatment group — group I). The results were compared with that of the control group (group II) in which mice were injected with saline. The treatment efficacy was recorded and evaluated through the following assays: limb morphology, SpO2, blood perfusion, angiogenesis, and histological morphology on days 7, 14, and 28 after treatment.
Results: The results indicate that the transplantation of Fi-MSC sheets positively affected the acute ischemia hind-limb mouse models. On day 7 post-transplantation, the SpO2 index recorded at feet in group I (treatment) significantly increased from 79.24% + 1.43% to 89.40% + 1.65% (p-value < 0.05), while in group II (control), the SpO2 index slightly increased from 76.52% + 1.63% to 77.00 + 1.15 (p-value > 0.05). Besides, there were 60.00% (auto-recovery), 13.33%, and 26.67% mice at damage grades 0, I, and II, respectively, in the control group compared to 80%, 20%, and 0% mice at damage grades 0, I, and II, respectively. Moreover, in group I, all mice showed improved blood reperfusion, neovascular, and repaired muscle tissue compared to group II.
Conclusion: Fi-MSC sheet transplantation positively reduced injury and improved blood perfusion ALI in the Swiss mouse model.
Design and Trial of Electronic Smart Worksheets Based on POE (Predict, Observe, Explain) on Acid-Base Topic
Authors: Fatisa Yuni , Br Galingging Endang Astuti 
Published: July 2021

This research aims to produce and determine the feasibility of Predict, Observe, Explain (POE) based student electronic smart worksheet. The method used is research and development design. The development stages of this model consist of three stages: defining, designing, and developing. The research respondences were media design experts, learning material experts, chemistry teachers, and ten students. Instruments that used to validate and practical tests are questionnaires. Electronic smart worksheets are created using the articulate storyline application to develop the stages of POE learning. The validity of the worksheet in terms of media, material, practical, and student response results are 80% (valid), 97.14% (very valid), 96.81% (very practical), 89.61% (very practical), respectively. Based on these results, it could be concluded that POE based student electronic smart worksheet is suitable for use as an acid-base learning media.