bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The usefulness of a hydrolysed fish and rice starch elimination diet for the diagnosis of adverse food reactions in cats: an open clinical trial
Authors: Noli Chiara , Beltrando Giorgia 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundDiagnosis of adverse food reaction (AFR) is based on an eight week elimination diet (ED) and is confirmed by relapse upon re‐challenge with the previously fed diet. Hydrolysed EDs are commonly used for this purpose.ObjectiveTo evaluate the commercially available hydrolysed fish protein and rice starch ED Farmina UltraHypo (FUH) for the diagnosis of feline AFR.AnimalsThirty‐two nonseasonally pruritic cats.Methods and materialsPruritus was assessed with a new dual Visual Analog Scale, lesions with the Scoring Feline Allergic Dermatitis scale and Quality of Life with a validated questionnaire on days 0 and 56. Short‐acting corticosteroids or oclacitinib were permitted during the first six weeks. Cats showing 50% pruritus and/or lesional improvement were separately challenged with their prior diet, fish and rice. Cats not responding to the study diet were fed another hydrolysed diet for two months.ResultsTwenty‐five cats completed the ED: four dropped out due to vomiting and/or diarrhoea, one owing to low palatability and two were lost to follow‐up. In 17 cats, pruritus improved by >50% and these underwent dietary challenges. Of these, nine reacted to their prior diet and/or fish and/or rice and were diagnosed with AFR, while eight did not relapse (and a diagnosis of AFR was considered to be doubtful). Of the eight cats in which pruritus did not improve, four underwent a second ED with no improvement.Conclusion and clinical importanceFUH may be a useful ED for the diagnosis of feline AFR, even in cats reacting to fish or rice.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: May 2021

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 5 John Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, UKJohn Mark Asio, Gordon College, PhilippinesKeyla Ferrari Lopes, UNICAMP, BrazilMichael Baron, University of Melbourne, AustraliaRichard H. Martin, Mercer University, USASamah El-Sakka, Suez University, EgyptThada Jantakoon, Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University, ThailandVeronica Velasco Gonzalez, University of Valladolid, Spain Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail 1: jets@redfame.comE-mail 2: jets@redfame.orgURL: http://jets.redfame.com
Predicting the propagation of COVID-19 at an international scale: extension of an SIR model
Authors: Lavielle Marc , Faron Matthieu , Lefevre Jérémie H , Zeitoun Jean-David 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesSeveral epidemiological models have been published to forecast the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, yet many of them have proven inaccurate for reasons that remain to be fully determined. We aimed to develop a novel model and implement it in a freely accessible web application.DesignWe built an SIR-type compartmental model with two additional compartments:D(deceased patients);L(individuals who will die but who will not infect anybody due to social or medical isolation) and integration of a time-dependent transmission rate and a periodical weekly component linked to the way in which cases and deaths are reported.ResultsThe model was implemented in a web application (as of 2 June 2020). It was shown to be able to accurately capture the changes in the dynamics of the pandemic for 20 countries whatever the type of pandemic spread or containment measures: for instance, the model explains 97% of the variance of US data (daily cases) and predicts the number of deaths at a 2-week horizon with an error of 1%.ConclusionsIn early performance evaluation, our model showed a high level of accuracy between prediction and observed data. Such a tool might be used by the global community to follow the spread of the pandemic.
Neuropsychiatric safety of varenicline in the general and COPD population with and without psychiatric disorders: a retrospective cohort study in a real-world setting
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Bos Jens H. , Schuiling-Veninga Catharina C.M. , Boezen H. Marike , van Boven Job F. M. , Wilffert Bob , Hak Eelko 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesTo evaluate the real-world association between varenicline and neuropsychiatric adverse events (NPAEs) in general and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) population with and without psychiatric disorders compared with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to strengthen the knowledge of varenicline safety.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingPrescription database IADB.nl, the Netherlands.ParticipantsNew users of varenicline or NRT among general (≥18 years) and COPD (≥40 years) population. Psychiatric subcohort was defined as people prescribed psychotropic medications (≥2) within 6 months before the index date.Outcome measuresThe incidence of NPAEs including depression, anxiety and insomnia, defined by new or naive prescriptions of related medications in IADB.nl within 24 weeks after the first treatment initiation of varenicline or NRT.ResultsFor the general population in non-psychiatric cohort, the incidence of total NPAEs in varenicline (4480) and NRT (1970) groups was 10.5% and 12.6%, respectively (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.85, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.00). For the general population in psychiatric cohort, the incidence of total NPAEs was much higher, 75.3% and 78.5% for varenicline (1427) and NRT (1200) groups, respectively (aOR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99). For the COPD population (1598), there were no differences in the incidence of NPAEs between comparison groups in both the psychiatric cohort (aOR 0.97, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.44) and non-psychiatric cohort (aOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.20). Results from subgroup or sensitivity analyses also did not reveal increased risks of NPAEs but showed decreased risk of some subgroup NPAEs associated with varenicline.ConclusionsIn contrast to the concerns of a possible increased risk of NPAEs among varenicline users, we found a relative decreased risk of total NPAEs in varenicline users of the general population in psychiatric or non-psychiatric cohorts compared with NRT and no difference for NPAEs between varenicline and NRT users in smaller population with COPD.
Association between dyslipidemia and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a secondary analysis of a nationwide cohort
Authors: Peng Jieru , Zhao Fei , Yang Xue , Pan Xiongfei , Xin Jue , Wu Mengjun , Peng Yong G 
Published: May 2021

AimsTo evaluate the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk of individuals with different types of dyslipidaemia and compare the predictive value of distinct lipid parameters in predicting T2DM.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). 17 708 individuals over 45 years old were interviewed, and 11 847 blood samples were collected at the baseline survey (2011–2012). Outcome of T2DM was confirmed during two follow-up surveys (2013–2014 and 2015–2016). The HRs and 95% CI of T2DM associated with dyslipidaemia were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regressions model. The discriminatory value of eight lipid parameters were compared by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).ResultsA total of 7329 participants were enrolled in our analysis; during the mean follow-up time of 3.4 years, 387 (5.28%) participants developed new-onset diabetes. Compared with participants in normal lipid levels, the T2DM risk of those with hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly increased (HRs (95% CI) were 1.48 (1.11 to 1.96), 1.92 (1.49 to 2.46) and 1.67 (1.35 to 2.07), respectively). The AUCs of non-HDL-C (0.685, 95% CI 0.659 to 0.711), triglyceride (TG) (0.684, 95% CI 0.658 to 0.710), total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C (0.685, 95% CI 0.659 to 0.712) and TG/HDL-C (0.680, 95% CI 0.654 to 0.706) were significantly (p<0.005) larger than that of other lipid parameters.ConclusionMiddle-aged and elderly adults with hypertriglyceridaemia, hypercholesterolaemia and low HDL-C were at higher risk for developing diabetes. Non-HDL-C, TG, TC/HDL and TG/HDL have greater performance than other lipid parameters in predicting T2DM incidence.
Comparison of short-term outcomes and quality of life in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy and totally robotic distal gastrectomy for clinical stage I–III gastric cancer: study protocol for a multi-institutional randomised clinical trial
Authors: Cui Hao , Cao Bo , Liu Guoxiao , Xi Hongqing , Chen Zhida , Liang Wenquan , Zhang Kecheng , Cui Jianxin , Xie Tianyu , Deng Huan , Tang Yun , Chen Lin , Wei Bo 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionLaparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) is regarded as a standard treatment for patients with clinical stage I–III gastric cancer. With the popularisation of theDa Vincirobotic system in the 21st century, robotic distal gastrectomy has been increasingly applied, and its potential advantages over LDG have been proved by several studies. Intraperitoneal anastomosis is a hot topic in research as it highlights the superiority of minimally invasive surgery and is safe and feasible. We intend to conduct this randomised clinical trial to focus on short-term outcomes and quality of life (QOL) in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) and totally robotic distal gastrectomy (TRDG) for patients with clinical stage I–III gastric cancer.Methods and analysisThis study is a prospective, multi-institutional, open-label randomised clinical trial that will recruit 722 patients with a 1:1 ratio (361 patients in the TLDG group and 361 patients in the TRDG group) from eight large-scale gastrointestinal medical centres in China. The primary endpoint is 30-day postoperative morbidity. The secondary endpoints include QOL, 30-day severe postoperative morbidity and mortality, anastomotic-related complication rate, conversion to open surgery rate, intraoperative and postoperative indicators, operative and total costs during hospitalisation, 1-year overall survival and disease-free survival. QOL is determined by the The European Organization for Reasearch and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnare-Core 30 and Stomach22 (EORTC QLQ-C30 and STO22) questionnaires which are completed before surgery and 1, 3, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery. χ2test will be used for the primary endpoint, while analysis of covariance will be used to compare the overall changes of QOL between the two groups.Ethics and disseminationThis trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Chinese PLA General Hospital. The trial’s results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed scientific journals and conference presentations.Trial registration numberChiCTR2000032670.
Associations of diarised sleep onset time, period and duration with total and central adiposity in a biethnic sample of young children: the Born in Bradford observational cohort study
Authors: Collings Paul James , Blackwell Jane Elizabeth , Pal Elizabeth , Ball Helen L , Wright John 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesTo investigate associations of parent-reported sleep characteristics with adiposity levels in a biethnic sample of young children.DesignA cross-sectional observational study.SettingThe Born in Bradford 1000 study, UK.ParticipantsChildren aged approximately 18 months (n=209; 40.2% South Asian; 59.8% white) and 36 months (n=162; 40.7% South Asian; 59.3% white).Primary and secondary outcome measuresChildren’s body mass index (BMI) z-score, sum of two-skinfolds (triceps and subscapular) and waist circumference. Adjusted regression was used to quantify associations of sleep parameters with adiposity stratified by ethnicity and age group. The results are beta coefficients (95% CIs) and unless otherwise stated represent the difference in outcomes for every 1-hour difference in sleep parameters.ResultsThe average sleep onset time was markedly later in South Asian (21:26±68 min) than white children (19:41±48 min). Later sleep onset was associated with lower BMI z-score (−0.3 (−0.5 to −0.0)) and sum of two-skinfolds (−1.5 mm (−2.8 mm to −0.2 mm)) in white children aged 18 months and higher BMI z-score in South Asian children aged 36 months (0.3 (0.0–0.5)). Longer sleep duration on weekends than weekdays was associated with higher BMI z-score (0.4 (0.1–0.8)) and waist circumference (1.2 cm (0.3–2.2 cm)) in South Asian children aged 18 months, and later sleep onset on weekends than weekdays was associated with larger sum of two-skinfolds (1.7 mm (0.3–3.1 mm)) and waist circumference (1.8 cm (0.6–2.9 cm)). Going to sleep ≥20 min later on weekends than weekdays was associated with lower waist circumference in white children aged 18 months (−1.7 cm (−3.2 cm to −0.1 cm)).ConclusionsSleep timing is associated with total and central adiposity in young children but associations differ by age group and ethnicity. Sleep onset times and regular sleep schedules may be important for obesity prevention.
Multimodal measurement approach to identify individuals with mild cognitive impairment: study protocol for a cross-sectional trial
Authors: Grässler Bernhard , Herold Fabian , Dordevic Milos , Gujar Tariq Ali , Darius Sabine , Böckelmann Irina , Müller Notger G , Hökelmann Anita 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionThe diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), that is, the transitory phase between normal age-related cognitive decline and dementia, remains a challenging task. It was observed that a multimodal approach (simultaneous analysis of several complementary modalities) can improve the classification accuracy. We will combine three noninvasive measurement modalities: functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), electroencephalography and heart rate variability via ECG. Our aim is to explore neurophysiological correlates of cognitive performance and whether our multimodal approach can aid in early identification of individuals with MCI.Methods and analysisThis study will be a cross-sectional with patients with MCI and healthy controls (HC). The neurophysiological signals will be measured during rest and while performing cognitive tasks: (1) Stroop, (2) N-back and (3) verbal fluency test (VFT). Main aims of statistical analysis are to (1) determine the differences in neurophysiological responses of HC and MCI, (2) investigate relationships between measures of cognitive performance and neurophysiological responses and (3) investigate whether the classification accuracy can be improved by using our multimodal approach. To meet these targets, statistical analysis will include machine learning approaches.This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first study that applies simultaneously these three modalities in MCI and HC. We hypothesise that the multimodal approach improves the classification accuracy between HC and MCI as compared with a unimodal approach. If our hypothesis is verified, this study paves the way for additional research on multimodal approaches for dementia research and fosters the exploration of new biomarkers for an early detection of nonphysiological age-related cognitive decline.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the local Ethics Committee (reference: 83/19). Data will be shared with the scientific community no more than 1 year following completion of study and data assembly.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov,NCT04427436, registered on 10 June 2020,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT04427436.
Association between obesity and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a national population-based study
Authors: Nam Jae-Sung , Roh Yun Ho , Fahad Wasan Almazouq , Noh Hae-Eun , Ha Jong-Gyun , Yoon Joo-Heon , Kim Chang-Hoon , Cho Hyung-Ju 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the nationwide Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to evaluate the association between obesity and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or without nasal polyp (CRSsNP).DesignRetrospective cross-sectional analysis of health survey data.SettingVoluntary survey of representative South Korean populations.ParticipantsIn total, 32 384 individuals aged 19 years or older with available data on CRS and obesity were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDiagnosis of CRSwNP or CRSsNP was performed by trained otolaryngologists through sinus endoscopy and surveys of medical history. General and central obesity was diagnosed using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), respectively.MethodsA multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to clarify the association between CRSwNP or CRSsNP and obesity according to BMI and WC. Non-obese individuals were recruited as controls.ResultsThe prevalence of CRSwNP was higher in the general (OR, 1.438; 95% CI, 1.170 to 1.768; p<0.001) and central (OR, 1.251; 95% CI, 1.031 to 1.520; p=0.033) obesity groups than in the control group. Prevalence of CRSsNP was not correlated with obesity. In a logistic regression analysis, olfactory dysfunction (OR, 1.329; 95% CI, 1.137 to 1.553; p<0.001) and purulent discharge (OR, 1.383; 95% CI, 1.193 to 1.603; p<0.001) showed a higher incidence in the central obesity group than in the control group.ConclusionsWe demonstrated an association between CRSwNP and general and central obesity. Further investigations on the mechanism underlying this correlation are necessary for an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of CRSwNP.
BOugie or stylet in patients UnderGoing Intubation Emergently (BOUGIE): protocol and statistical analysis plan for a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Driver Brian , Semler Matthew W , Self Wesley H , Ginde Adit A , Gandotra Sheetal , Trent Stacy A , Smith Lane M , Gaillard John P , Page David B , Whitson Micah R , Vonderhaar Derek J , Joffe AM , West Jason R , Hughes Christopher , Landsperger Janna S , Howell Michelle P , Russell Derek W , Gulati Swati , Bentov Itay , Mitchell Steven , Latimer Andrew , Doerschug Kevin , Koppurapu Vikas , Gibbs Kevin W , Wang Li , Lindsell Christopher John , Janz David , Rice Todd W , Prekker Matthew E , Casey Jonathan D 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionIntubation-related complications are less frequent when intubation is successful on the first attempt. The rate of first attempt success in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU) is typically less than 90%. The bougie, a semirigid introducer that can be placed into the trachea to facilitate a Seldinger-like technique of tracheal intubation and is typically reserved for difficult or failed intubations, might improve first attempt success. Evidence supporting its use, however, is from a single academic ED with frequent bougie use. Validation of these findings is needed before widespread implementation.Methods and analysisThe BOugie or stylet in patients UndergoingIntubation Emergently trial is a prospective, multicentre, non-blinded randomised trial being conducted in six EDs and six ICUs in the USA. The trial plans to enrol 1106 critically ill adults undergoing orotracheal intubation. Eligible patients are randomised 1:1 for the use of a bougie or use of an endotracheal tube with stylet for the first intubation attempt. The primary outcome is successful intubation on the first attempt. The secondary outcome is severe hypoxaemia, defined as an oxygen saturation less than 80% between induction until 2 min after completion of intubation. Enrolment began on 29 April 2019 and is expected to be completed in 2021.Ethics and disseminationThe trial protocol was approved with waiver of informed consent by the Central Institutional Review Board at Vanderbilt University Medical Center or the local institutional review board at an enrolling site. The results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT03928925).
Equity in vaccine trials for higher weight people? Protocol for a rapid review of inclusion and exclusion criteria for higher weight people in clinical trials for COVID-19
Authors: Campbell Jessica , Hobbs Matthew , O’Hara Lily , Ballantyne Angela , Heywood Anita , Gray Lesley 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionVaccination is a public health strategy that aims to reduce the burden of viral illness, especially important for populations known or likely to be at increased risk for inequitable outcomes due to the disease itself or disparities in care accessed and received. The role of weight status in COVID-19 susceptibility and disease burden remains unclear. Despite this, higher weight is frequently described as a definitive risk factor for both susceptibility and disease severity. Therefore, COVID-19 vaccine trials should recruit a study group representative of the full weight spectrum, and undertake appropriate subgroup analysis by weight status to evaluate response and titrate dose regimes where indicated to ensure equitable outcomes for higher weight people.Methods and analysisWe aim to review inclusion and exclusion criteria of clinical trial protocols registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, ISRCTN Register, the WHO official vaccine trial register, and ‘The COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker’. To determine the number of trials including higher weight (body mass index >30 kg/m2) individuals and the number of trials conducting efficacy subgroup analyses by weight status. Screening, data extraction and quality appraisal of trial protocols will be completed independently by a minimum of two reviewers. Clinical trials will be assessed for risk of bias using the Risk of Bias-2 tool. We will conduct a descriptive analysis of extracted data. The following subsets are proposed: participation of higher weight people in COVID-19 vaccine trials by trial phase, country and vaccine platform.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was not required for this review. The results of this rapid review will be presented at appropriate conferences and published in a suitable peer reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020226573