bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Features and Gene Mutation Analysis of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Series of 58 Patients
Authors: cheng hao , Qiu Tian , Shi Su-sheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
【Background】In gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), mutually exclusive gain-of-function mutations of KIT and PDGFRA are associated with different mutation-dependent clinical behavior. The study aims to analyze the characteristics of the clinicopathology and genotypes in GISTs in China.【Methods】All adult patients with GIST located in the stomach or small intestine who underwent surgical resections in the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2009 to January 2019 without prior Imatinib(Glivec) treatment were included. Specimens were collected for histopathological examination, and mutations in c-kit and PDGFRα genes were analyzed by PCR and the next generation sequencing(NGS). The clinicopathological characteristics of each gene were also analyzed.【Results】A total of 58 GIST patients was included in the study. Among the genotypes, there were 51(87.9%) c-kit mutations, five(8.6%) PDGFRα mutations, and two(3.4%) wild-type mutations. Among the cell types, there were 40 cases(69.0%) of spindle cell type, three cases(5.2%) of epithelioid cell type, and three cases(5.2%) of mixed cell type. Among the four mutant forms of c-kit exon-11, the most common were point mutation in 16 cases(38.1%), deletion mutation in 13 cases(31.0%), insertion mutation in four cases(9.5%), and mixed mutation in nine cases(21.4%). According to the National Institutes of Health(NIH) risk grade, there were three cases(5.2%) with very-low risk, nine cases(15.5%) with low risk, 19 cases(32.8%) with medium risk, and 23 cases(39.7%) with high risk. There were significant differences in cell types among different gene types(P = 0.022) and significant differences in tumor risk among different mutant forms of c-kit gene exon-11(P = 0.039).【Conclusion】In c-kit mutations, spindle cell type was significantly more than epithelioid cell type and mixed cell type. In PDGFRα mutations, spindle cell type and mixed cell type were prevalent. In wild type, spindle cell type and epithelioid cell type were significantly common. A high risk of deletion mutation and mixed mutation is expected in the c-kit exon-11 mutation form, while the intermediate risk of point and insertion mutations are common.
Academic training of authors publishing in high-impact epidemiology and clinical journals
Authors: Sullivan Amanda , Murray Eleanor , Corlin Laura 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: To match medical education requirements to the professional goals of clinician-scholars, quantitative descriptions of the disciplinary training of research teams publishing in top-tier clinical and epidemiological journals are needed. The objective was to assess whether academic training and teamwork of authors publishing original research in top-tier journals varied by year of publication (2000/2010/2020), type of journal (epidemiological/general clinical/specialty clinical), gender of the corresponding author, and time since the corresponding author completed formal training relative to the article publication date (<5/≥5 years).Methods: The authors invited the corresponding author of 1240 original research articles published in three volumes of 15 top-tier journals to participate in an online survey. Participants reported demographic information and academic training history, co-authors’ training history, and confidence in their own and their co-authors’ ability to apply epidemiological and biostatistical concepts. Using linear regression, logistic regression, and chi-squared tests, the authors examined bivariate trends in training history and confidence by publication type, publication year, gender, and time between training and publication.Results: The response rate was 8.3% (n=103). Year of publication, type of journal, gender, and recency of training were not significantly associated with interdisciplinary team composition, whether a co-author with epidemiological or biostatistical training was involved in any research stage (design/analysis/interpretation/reporting), or with participants’ confidence in their own or their co-authors epidemiological or biostatistical expertise (p>0.05 for each bivariate comparison). Exceptions were: (1) participants with more recent epidemiological training all had co-author(s) with epidemiological training who contributed to the design and interpretation of the research; and (2) participants who published in 2020 were more likely to report being extremely confident in their epidemiological abilities. Conclusions: This study was the first to quantify interdisciplinary training among research teams publishing in epidemiological and clinical journals. Researchers viewed training that prepares clinician-scholars for collaboration with epidemiologists and biostatisticians favorably.
Attributing Minds to Triangles: Kinematics and Observer-Animator Kinematic Similarity predict Mental State Attribution in the Animations Task
Authors: Schuster Bianca A. , Fraser Dagmar S. , Bosch Jasper J. F. van den , Sowden Sophie , Gordon Andrew S. , Huh Dongsung , Cook Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The ability to ascribe mental states, such as beliefs or desires to oneself and other individuals forms an integral part of everyday social interaction. One task that has been extensively used to test mental state attribution in a variety of clinical populations is the animations task, where participants are asked to infer mental states from short videos of interacting triangles. In this task, individuals with clinical conditions such as autism spectrum disorders typically offer fewer and less appropriate mental state descriptions than controls, however little is currently known about why they show these difficulties. Previous studies have hinted at the similarity between an observer’s and the triangles’ movements as a key factor for the successful interpretation of these animations. In this study we present a novel adaptation of the animations task, suitable to track and compare animation generator and -observer kinematics. Using this task and a population-derived stimulus database, we demonstrate that an animation’s kinematics and kinematic similarity between observer and generator are integral for the correct identification of that animation. Our results shed light on why some clinical populations show difficulties in this task and highlight the role of participants’ own movement and specific perceptual properties of the stimuli.
Unexpected Morphological Diversity in New Zealand’s Large Diplodactylidae Geckos
Authors: Scarsbrook Lachie , Sherratt Emma , Hitchmough Rod , Fordyce R. Ewan , Rawlence Nicolas J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Prehistoric anthropogenically-mediated extinctions have impacted global biodiversity; however effects on herpetofauna are poorly-documented. New Zealand’s Diplodactylidae geckos exhibit high species-level diversity, largely independent of discernible osteological changes (cryptic). Consequently, taxonomic affinities of isolated skeletal elements (fossils) are primarily determined by relative size, particularly in the identification of Hoplodactylus duvaucelii; New Zealand’s largest extant gecko species. Here, three-dimensional geometric morphometrics of maxillae (a common fossilized element) was used to determine whether consistent shape and size differences exist between genera, and if cryptic extinctions have occurred in ‘Hoplodactylus cf. duvaucelii’. Sampling included 13 Diplodactylidae species from five genera, and 11 Holocene ‘H. cf. duvaucelii’ subfossil individuals. We found phylogenetic history was the most important predictor of maxilla morphology among extant Diplodactylidae genera. Relative size comparisons could only differentiate Hoplodactylus from other genera, with the remaining genera exhibiting variable degrees of overlap. Six subfossils were positively identified as H. duvaucelii, confirming their proposed Holocene distribution throughout New Zealand. Conversely, five subfossils showed no affinities towards any modern Diplodactylidae genera, implying either increased morphological diversity in mainland ‘H. cf. duvaucelii’ or the presence of at least one extinct, large, broad-toed Diplodactylidae species. These results highlight the impact of anthropogenic disturbances on insular reptile diversity.
Single-Port Insufflation Endoscopic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy in Early Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Zi-Han , Liu Wei-Hua , Wu Shan-Shan , Tian Yi-Ming , Liu Jun , Gao Guo-Xuan , Xie Fang , Ding Guo-Qian , Qu Xiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo compare the oncologic safety, aesthetic outcome, and upper extremity function of single-port insufflation endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (SIE-NSM) vs conventional open mastectomy (C-OM) in the treatment of early breast cancer. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, 285 stage I and II breast cancer patients were divided into the SIE-NSM group (n = 71) and the C-OM group (n = 214). Local recurrence, distant metastasis, and upper extremity function were compared. Differences in the aesthetic outcome, psychosocial well-being, and sexual well-being were analyzed by the BREAST-Q scale. Multivariable binary logistic regression was conducted to assess the risk of local recurrence. The multivariable linear regression model was performed to evaluate the upper extremity function and the aesthetic outcome.Results Local recurrence rates were similar (p = 0.735), which was also shown by multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. No distant metastases were observed in either group. Satisfaction with breasts, chest well-being, psychosocial well-being, and sexual well-being scores were superior in the SIE-NSM group (p < 0.001). Chest wall/breast pain, shoulder range of motion, and use of arm in daily life was better for the patients in the SIE-NSM group (p < 0.001). There were no cases of subcutaneous effusion in the SIE-NSM group, while the incidence rate of subcutaneous effusion in the C-OM group was 10.7% (p = 0.004). ConclusionsSIE-NSM is comparable to C-OM in oncologic safety while increasing satisfaction with breasts, physical well-being, psychosocial well-being, sexual well-being, and upper extremity function. This novel method is an appropriate surgical option for early breast cancer treatment.
Optical Characteristics of GaN&nbsp;Thin Film Deposited by Pulsed Laser Ablation&nbsp;
Authors: Amir Husam Aldin A. Abdul , Alwahib Ali. A. , Fakhri Makram A , Salim Evan T. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We present optical data on GaN thin film samples grown by pulsed laser ablation, two different pulsed laser ablation powers. The bandgap of specimens with recognizable crystallinity has been deduced from the optical spectrum data. Longtails were observed below the gap band. In specimens are entirely dependent on the powers of the laser ablation process. The specimens with the highest laser power, 2000 mJ, show that a smaller near band edge emission peaked at 3.32 eV is observed up to room temperature. The maximum energy bandgap 3.62 is possibly observed at 1500 mJ laser energy.
Photoluminescence of Eu(III) Doped Double Perovskite Phosphor for Red LED&nbsp;Application
Authors: VERMA VISHWNATH , Patel Nimesh P. , Murthy K.V.R. , Srin M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The luminescence property of Ba2CeNbO6 has been studying by varying Eu(III) concentration. Ba2CeNbO6 doped with trivalent ions of Eu has a monoclinic phase with P21/n space group. FTIR of Ba2CeNbO6 gives information that phosphor has a nano–size perovskite structure with an edge-connected Nb-O octahedral. Photoluminescence properties of Eu(III) doped Ba2CeNbO6 have been examined with excitation wavelength 275nm and 466 nm. Luminescence emission spectra exhibited three prominent peaks around 580 nm, 596 nm, and 610nm wavelength for Eu(III). Using xenon lamp as a source and having excitation wavelength 275 and 466nm, observing that the maximum light emission yielded in the region presenting a color-correlated temperature in the range of 1500 – 2900 K.
Effect of education on attitude towards domestic violence in Nigeria: an exploration using Propensity score methodology
Authors: Eniade Olanrewaju Davies , Akinyemi Joshua Odunayo , Yusuf Oyindamola Bidemi , Afolabi Rotimi F. , Fawole Olufunmilayo I. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Experimental studies remain the gold standard in making causal inference. However, using experimental studies to estimate the effect of education on attitude towards domestic violence (ATDV) is not feasible due to ethical issues. Propensity Score Methodology (PSM) can be used to overcome this challenge. PSM is a statistical technique used in observational studies to estimate the effect of interventions by accounting for covariates that predicts the treatment. Therefore, PSM was used to investigate the effect of education on ATDV among men and women in Nigeria.Methods: A total of 14,495 and 33,419 records were extracted for men and women respectively from the 2016-2017 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) in Nigeria. The outcome variable was ATDV. The treatment variable was education while the covariates were age, residence, geopolitical zones, marital status, ethnicity, parity, wealth index, alcohol use and media exposure (use of television or radio). For the PSM analyses, selection bias was checked among the levels of education using the multinomial logit regression. Propensity scores (PS) and PS weights were generated for the treatment variable and average treatment effects (ATE) of ATDV were estimated using logistic regression that combined regression adjustment and inverse-probability weighting. Descriptive statistics, odds ratios and 95%CI were presented.Results: The mean age of men and women were 30.8±10.2 years and 29±9.4 years respectively. About 16% men 14% women had tertiary education. The proportion of men and women who justified domestic violence (DV) was 22% and 34.5% respectively. Results from the multinomial logit model showed the existence of selection bias between the covariates and level of education (p<0.05). The selection bias was effectively corrected (SD diff ≈ 0, Variance ratio ≈ 1) after estimation of PS. Results from the PSM showed that the odds of ATDV decreased as level of education increased. Men (AOR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.78, 0.92) and women (AOR=0.94, 95%CI: 0.80, 2.22) who attained tertiary education were less likely to justify DV in comparison to their uneducated counterparts.Conclusion: Education played a crucial role in ATDV among men and women in Nigeria. Tertiary education was protective for ATDV among men and women. The use of PSM effectively controlled for selection bias in estimating the effect of education on ATDV. PSM will enable researchers make causal inference from non-experimental/ cross-sectional studies in situations where randomized control trials are not feasible.
Study of the electronic and magnetic properties of the CoRhMnSn quaternary Heusler alloy
Authors: Benaisti Ilhem , Guechi Nacir , Dehbaoui Mourad , Boukaoud Abdelali 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Spintronic is a new rising research field aiming to deal with both, the charge and the spin of electrons in order to process and store information. Spins in Heusler alloys offer a pathway toward the integration of information storage and processing in one single device. In this work, and among the less unreported compound, we present and discuss hydrostatic pressure effect on the electronic and magnetic properties of the CoRhMnSn Heusler alloy. The theoretical calculations were carried out using the pseudopotential plane-wave (PP-PW) method with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA-PBEsol). The geometric optimization of the CoRhMnSn crystalline structure was done for pressures ranging from -20 to 50 GPa. The calculated lattice parameter is consistent with both theoretical and experimental reports. The bulk modulus of the considered material is equal to 188 GPa, and therefore, this material has a relatively high resistance to volume changes. Electronic properties were determined by computing the electronic band structure of the titled compound. The obtained results show that the CoRhMnSn compound exhibits a nearly half-metallic (HM) character with a ferromagnetic state at 0GPa, and becomes a perfect HM at 35GPa. The hydrostatic pressure effect caused a significant variation of the spin polarization. The calculated total magnetic moment of CoRhMnSn is close to 5µB, in good agreement with the Slater-Pauling rule.
Spinal Cord Injury: A Study Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of microRNA&nbsp;Alterations
Authors: Tigchelaar Seth Stravers , He Zihuai , Tharin Suzanne 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a condition often resulting in life-long disability, high rehabilitation costs, lost wages, and reduced quality of life. Clinical trials have been hampered in part by a lack of poor diagnostic and prognostic markers of injury severity and neurologic recovery. Furthermore, while many therapies have shown promise in preclinical animal models, there are currently no neurorestorative treatments for SCI. The development of objective biomarkers and novel therapies for SCI represent urgent unmet clinical needs. Biological markers of SCI that objectively stratify the severity of cord damage could greatly expand the depth and scope of clinical trials and represent targets for the development of novel therapies for acute SCI. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent promising candidates both as informative molecules of injury severity and recovery, and as therapeutic targets. miRNAs are small, stable, regulatory RNA molecules that are often tissue-specific and evolutionarily conserved across species. miRNAs could represent powerful predictors of pathology, particularly with respect to neurologic disorders. There is great heterogeneity in the current literature describing miRNA changes after SCI with respect to animal species, SCI model, miRNA detection technology, and normalization strategies. Here, we present a protocol to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the conserved inter- and intra-species miRNA changes that occur post-SCI and provide a comprehensive resource for the SCI community.
Mortality of Major Cardiovascular Emergencies among Patients Admitted to Hospitals on Weekends as Compared with Weekdays in Taiwan
Authors: Lai Chao-Lun , Kuo Raymond Nien-Chen , Wang Ting-Chuan , Chan K Arnold 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background/Objectives: To explore the weekend effect in four major cardiovascular emergenciesDesign: A retrospective cohort studySetting: Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) claims database, 2005~2015Participants: We extracted 3,811 incident cases of ruptured aortic aneurysm, 184,769 incident cases of acute myocardial infarction, 492,127 incident cases of ischemic stroke, and 15,033 incident cases of pulmonary embolism from 9,529,049 patients having at least one record of hospitalization in the NHI database within 2006~2014.Exposures: Admission on weekends or weekdaysMain outcomes and measures: In-hospital mortality and one-year mortality obtained from the Taiwan National Death RegistryResults: We found no difference in in-hospital mortality between weekend group and weekday group in patients with ruptured aortic aneurysm (45.4% vs 45.3%, adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87-1.17, p=0.93), patients with acute myocardial infarction (15.8% vs 16.2%, adjusted OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.00, p=0.10), patients with ischemic stroke (4.1% vs 4.2%, adjusted OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.96-1.03, p=0.71), and patients with pulmonary embolism (14.6% vs 14.6%, adjusted OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.92-1.15, p=0.66). The results persisted for one year in all the four major cardiovascular emergencies. Conclusions: We found no difference in either short-term or long-term mortality between patients admitted on weekends and patients admitted on weekdays in four major cardiovascular emergencies.
Positive selection of skeleton genes during domestication indicates the potential genetic mechanism for loss of flight in ducks
Authors: Zhu Tao , Qi Xin , Chen Yu , Wang Liang , Lv Xueze , Yang Weifang , Zhang Jianwei , Li Kaiyang , Ning Zhonghua , Jiang Zhihua , Qu Lujiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Domestication alters lots of phenotypic, neurologic and physiologic traits between domestic animals and their wild ancestors. Domestic ducks were originated from mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and some documents also showed that spot-billed ducks (Anas zonorhyncha) could also genetically contribute a small part to the domestication. Compared with the two ancestral species, domestic ducks generally present changes in body size and bone morphology, which is supposed to lead to loss of fight in domestic ducks. In the present study, we performed both genomic and transcriptomic analysis to identify candidate genes in order to elucidate the genetic mechanism underlying the phenotypic variation.
Results

Our results showed that genes associated with the skeleton systems were positively selected during domestication by Fst analysis between the wild and domestic ducks. We also found that many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the breast muscle between the wild and domestic ducks were enriched in the pathway for ossification. Among the genes, FGF14 and EIF2AK3 were also under strong selection by the genomic data, and they were both reported to be associated with limb morphology, bone development and flightlessness in some bird species.
Conclusions

Our study showed that the skeleton related genes were positively selected in the process of domestication, which could also cause the loss of flight in domestic ducks.
Novel insight into the potential pathogenicity of mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from PLP1 duplication mutations in patients with Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease
Authors: Duan Ruoyu , Li Liuju , Yan Huifang , He Miao , Gao Kai , Xing Shijia , Ji Haoran , Wang Jianyong , Cao Binbin , Li Dongxiao , Xie Han , Zhao Shiqun , Wu Ye , Jiang Yuwu , Xiao Jiangxi , Gu Qiang , Li Ming , Zheng Xiaolu , Chen Liangyi , Wang Jingmin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Among the hypomyelinating leukodystrophies, Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a representative disorder. The disease is caused by different types of PLP1 mutations, among which PLP1 duplication accounts for ~ 70% of the mutations. Previous studies have shown that PLP1 duplications lead to PLP1 retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); in parallel, recent studies have demonstrated that PLP1 duplication can also lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. As such, the respective roles and interactions of the ER and mitochondria in the pathogenesis of PLP1 duplication are not clear. In both PLP1 patients’ and healthy fibroblasts, we measured mitochondrial respiration with a Seahorse XF Extracellular Analyzer and examined the interactions between the ER and mitochondria with super-resolution microscopy (spinning-disc pinhole-based structured illumination microscopy, SD-SIM). For the first time, we demonstrated that PLP1 duplication mutants had closer ER-mitochondrion interfaces mediated through structural and morphological changes in both the ER and mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). These changes in both the ER and mitochondria then led to mitochondrial dysfunction, as reported previously. This work highlights the roles of MAMs in bridging PLP1 expression in the ER and pathogenic dysfunction in mitochondria, providing novel insight into the pathogenicity of mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from PLP1 duplication. These findings suggest that interactions between the ER and mitochondria may underlie pathogenic mechanisms of hypomyelinating leukodystrophies diseases at the organelle level.