bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Definition as a Genre in Three Legal Systems: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Vecchiato Virginia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper aims at comparing the definition of ‘trademark’ in three different legal systems – EU law, international law and US common law – in order to identify the discoursal, generic and textual characteristics of definition as a genre. The selected corpus of analysis is made up of three definitions from EU Regulation 2017/1001, WTO Agreement on Trade-Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and US Lanham Act (sec.45) and of several US cases from 1926 to 2019. The theoretical framework within which the analysis is carried out is the seminal work on definition as carried out by Richard Robinson (1954) and Harris and Hutton (2007). The approach is mainly linguistic, though a historicalexcursuson the concept of definition is provided as a necessary introductory premise. The findings demonstrate that EU legal texts are characterised by a hybrid style (Robertson 2010) which results from the combination of common law and civil law textual features.The analysis of the definitional sections here displayed supports this point and confirms that EU term formation and definition are text-driven (Šarčević 2016). EU legal texts in their English version originate from the dynamic combination of two aspects: one connected to EU legal English – which is not common law English – and one connected to matters of terminology, syntax and general structure which has a French origin.
Despre „Tâlcul Drumului”. Retorica Dorului În Poezia Lui Lucian Blaga
Authors: Cristina-Daniela Pal 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The present paper focuses on one of the most unique feelings specific to the romanian culture - „dorul”. It is an element that occurs in a variety of forms and offers deepness to some of the poet’s lyrical writings. Ideas like the union between the lovers, the melancholy for the lost aspects from the past, suffering and the willingness to reinforce the bond between the individual and the totality of the unharmed Universe are emphasized through „dor”. Because of its inevitable recurrence in life, we interpreted the meanings through a parallel with the motif of the road. Using different themes, motifs, symbols, figures of speech and techniques of construction, Lucian Blaga succeeds in creating an art in which the motif of „dor” appears as a manifestation of the heart, soul and spirit of the individual, as a desire to achieve the integrality of existence.
Despre (Post)Comunismul Românesc. Trei Formule Narative Și Trei Studii De Caz: Petru Cimpoeşu, Dan Lungu Și Patrick Mcguinness
Authors: Zavicsa Andreea 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the (post)communism era in Romania, as it is portrayed in the novels of Petru Cimpoeșu, Dan Lungu and Patrick McGuinness. The study wants to highlight three different perspectives on the communist regime, depending on the vision of each writer: the existential shades of gray, in the case of Cimpoesu’s novels, the nostalgia of Dan Lungu’s characters, but also the perception of the foreign eye on the totalitarian reality in our country, as for Patrick McGuinness. The paper also emphasizes the reasons why the literary theme of communism still arouses such great interest in contemporary literature and the importance of reading such works through the filter of the present.
Gramatica Critică Sau Critica Gramaticii?
Authors: Sporiş Valerica 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Gramatica critică a limbii române (The Critical Grammar of the Romanian Language), authored by Ștefan Găitănaru, was published in 2018, at the University of Pitești Publishing House. The launch of this book took place during the National Conference on Adaptation, Conservation and Rejection in the Evolution of the Romanian Cultural/ Linguistic/ Literary Phenomenon, held at the Faculty of Letters in Sibiu, on May 24, 2019. The purpose of the book, mentioned by the author in the Preface, is to update the grammar research, emphasizing the normative aspect. Thus, we witness a descriptive-normative grammar, with a classical structure: part I - Morphology and part II - Syntax, each section comprising the description, analysis and interpretation of specific components. This Critical Grammar brings to the surface controversial aspects regarding the grammatical structure of the Romanian language, with pertinent observations and recommendations, with solid arguments, for or against, from case to case.
Bryophytes of the ‘Retno’ Nature Reserve (Brodnickie Lake District, N Poland)
Authors: Stebel Adam , Nejfeld Paweł 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The paper provides information about 7 species of liverworts and 51 species and 1 variety of mosses collected within the ‘Retno’ Nature Reserve. The diversity of the flora of the reserve is low without any particular bryological values. The most interesting species are Bryum rubens and Orthodicranum tauricum. There are 9 species partially protected in Poland and 1 endangered, however, most of them are common bryophytes throughout the country.
First records of Palaearctic Agromyzidae (Diptera) from 40 countries and major islands
Authors: Černý Miloš , von Tschirnhaus Michael , Winqvist Kaj 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
First records of 151 species in the family Agromyzidae are presented for 40 countries and major islands in the Palaearctic Region (Russia being split into four subregions): from Afghanistan (1 sp.), Albania (15 spp.), Algeria (1 sp.), Andorra (2 spp.), Armenia (4 spp.), Austria (14 spp.), Balearic Islands (4 spp.), Canary Islands (2 spp.), China - Palaearctic part (2 spp.), Corsica (5 spp.), Crete (6 spp.), Croatia (16 spp.), Czech Republic (4 spp.), Dodekanese Islands incl. Rhodes (5 spp.), Egypt (1 sp.), European Russia (2 spp.), Finland (12 spp.), France (1 sp.), Georgia (1 sp.), Germany (14 spp.), Great Britain (2 spp.), Greece (4 spp.), Iceland (1 sp.), Iran (8 spp.), Israel (1 sp.), Italy (12 spp.), Jordan (6 spp.), Kyrgyzstan (6 spp.), Lithuania (2 spp.), Macedonia (2 spp.), Mongolia (2 spp.), Morocco (6 spp.), Netherlands (1 sp.), Norway (3 spp.), Oman (1 sp.), Poland (1 sp.), West Siberia (1 sp.), East Sibiria (3 spp.), Kamchatka (5 spp.), Sardinia (1 sp.), Slovakia (4 spp.), South Korea (13 spp.), Spain (10 spp.), Sweden (7 spp.), Switzerland (5 spp.) and Turkey (1 sp.). For a few species morphological details or plant genera from the collecting localities are added as possible host plants. Phytomyza parvicella (Coquillett, 1902) exhibits an extremely disjunct distribution, occurring in the high Arctic from Alaska to west Greenland and on the highest mountains of Germany and Poland. Other rare species with Boreo-alpine disjunctions are recorded. Cerodontha (Cerodontha) phragmitophila Hering, 1935 reached a tiny artificial patch of its host plant within the Sahara sand desert. The thermophilic mediterranean Phytoliriomyza pectoralis (Becker, 1908) was detected on the Swedish sun-blessed island Öland. Chromatomyia obscuriceps (Hendel, 1936) (emerged from Triticum crop) is specified as a valid species occurring from Iceland to Kamchatka. A new definition for Chromatomyia nigra (Meigen, 1830) sensu stricto is presented. The American Amauromyza (Cephalomyza) abnormalis (Malloch, 1913), a possible agent against the harmful neophyte Amaranthus retroflexus, was detected for the first time in the Palaearctic Region. Gnaphalium is attributed as a first detected host plant genus of Phytoliriomyza venustula Spencer, 1976.
Everyday Creativity in Times of COVID-19: A Qualitative Study from Argentina
Authors: Elisondo Romina Cecilia , Melgar María Fernanda 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The main objective was to study creative processes in isolation by COVID-19. We analyzed, from the participants’ perspective, activities, emotions, and motivations linked to everyday creativity in quarantine. The study was carried out between March 27 and April 12, 2020, in Argentina, during Social and Preventive Isolation by COVID-19. The sample included 302 men and women who lived in different provinces in Argentina: Córdoba, Buenos Aires, San Luis, La Pampa, and San Juan. The participants’ ages ranged from 18 to 77 years. All participants answered an online questionnaire with open-ended questions. We analyzed textual data, images, and videos with ATLAS.TI8. From qualitative analyses, we elaborated four categories: With things we had at home: creative activities in isolation; Alone, but not so alone; Being and feeling in isolation; Creativity, motivations, and quarantine. The results indicated that most participants carried out various creative activities in quarantine. These activities generated positive emotions and allowed to face negative emotions related to the pandemic. The motivations had been varied, although reasons related to enjoyment, coping, and sharing with other people are predominant. Apparent paradoxes arise from the analysis of everyday creativity in the time of COVID-19. The knowledge produced in the study can contribute to formulate psychological interventions and public health policies during a pandemic.
Association, Overlap, and Inhibition: A Study of Implicit Theories of Creativity
Authors: Abdulla Alabbasi Ahmed M. , Sumners Sarah E. , Paek Sue Hyeon , Runco Mark A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
After more than six decades of systematic study of creativity, there is still no agreement regarding components essential to define creativity. Prior studies of implicit and explicit theories have suggested adding criteria to the standard definition of what creativity is; however, an alternative approach is to explore what creativity is not. The current investigation aimed to study both perspectives. The social validation method was employed in Study 1 (an open-ended questionnaire) to identify laypeople’s notions of creativity using content analysis of participant responses (n = 92). Results from Study 1 were used to build a quantitative questionnaire employed in Study 2 (n = 306). Descriptive statistics and Spearman Rank Correlations were used to analyze participant ratings in Study 2, showing consistent agreement that creativity is highly related to and overlapped with Imagination, Artistic Expression, Innovation, Originality, and Invention, while Knowledge, Ability, Unconventional Behavior, Morality, and Insanity were less related to and overlapped with creativity. Both implicit and explicit theories agreed on Originality and Innovation and disagreed on Artistic Expression, Imagination, and Invention. Usefulness received low ratings, although it is considered in all creativity definitions. Morality was not rated to be closely associated with creativity. Detailed findings are discussed with suggestions for future studies.
When the Old Becomes the New: How COVID-19 Changed Potentially Creative Action on Facebook
Authors: Sobrinho Asdrúbal Borges Formiga 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Psychology usually treats the creative act as both novel and adapted, a definition that can embrace the social and the cultural features of creativity. Allied to the need for social bonding and the promise of self-realization, available technological resources have enabled valuable social networks. However, social isolation caused by the COVID-19 crisis has reduced outdoor and collective personal experiences usually shared on Facebook, encouraging some users to re-publish past events. Considering that posting is potentially a creative act, hence both new and adapted, may this action now equally become old and adapted? To illustrate the question, a set of 293 posts made by twelve Brazilians with mean age of 49.7 years (SD 7.34) were collected from May 25th to June 8th, 51 of them being re-posts. The authors were inter-viewed about their use of Facebook, relation to others, and first re-posts published in the period. Thematic dialogical analysis was applied to the content of the interviews and led to finding new meanings about old posts. Despite a small sample (n = 12) and the fact that 56.1% of Facebook users in Brazil are under 35 years old, the analysis of the phenomenon can shed new light on problematization of the notion of creativity by reflecting on its role in regulation of human emotions during the COVID-19 crisis, through the action of posting legacy experience on Facebook.
How Propaganda Works: An Introduction
Authors: Zeman Dan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This is the editor’s introduction to the book symposium on Jason Stanley’s influential book How Propaganda Words (Oxford University Press, 2015). After a few brief remarks situating the book in the landscape of current analytic philosophy, I offer a detailed presentation of each chapter of the book, in order to familiarize the reader with its main tenets and with the author’s argumentative strategy. I flag the issues that the contributors to the symposium discuss, and describe their main points. I end with expressing hope that the symposium will help continue the conversation around ideology and propaganda within analytic philosophy.
Singular Reference in Fictional Discourse?
Authors: García-Carpintero Manuel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Singular terms used in fictions for fictional characters raise well-known philosophical issues, explored in depth in the literature. But philosophers typically assume that names already in use to refer to “moderatesized specimens of dry goods” cause no special problem when occurring in fictions, behaving there as they ordinarily do in straightforward assertions. In this paper I continue a debate with Stacie Friend, arguing against this for the exceptionalist view that names of real entities in fictional discourse don’t work there as they do in simple-sentence assertions, but rather as fictional names do.
The Proportionality Argument and the Problem of Widespread Causal Overdetermination
Authors: Aliyev Alexey 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The consensus is that repeatable artworks cannot be identified with particular material individuals. A perennial temptation is to identify them with types, broadly construed. Such identification, however, faces the so-called “Creation Problem.” This problem stems from the fact that, on the one hand, it seems reasonable to accept the claims that (1) repeatable artworks are types, (2) types cannot be created, and (3) repeatable artworks are created, but, on the other hand, these claims are mutually inconsistent. A possible solution to the Creation Problem is to argue that claim (2) can be rejected because (a) the only motivation for it is that a type, being abstract, cannot stand in causal relations, but (b) this motivation is ungrounded, since types can, in fact, stand in such relations. Clearly, in order for this solution to be successful, it is necessary to substantiate the possibility of types to be causally efficacious. In this essay, I examine an attempt to do this with the help of Yablo’s principle of proportionality, which has been undertaken by Walters (2013) and, more recently, Juvshik (2018). Although the argument they advance may seem to provide strong support for the causal efficacy of types, I think it actually fails to do this. To explain why this is so, I first show that this argument commits us to the existence of widespread causal overdetermination involving types and then argue that this commitment is both epistemically and ontologically problematic.
Axis Mundi in the Tropics: Uses and Abuses of Eliade’s Phenomenology of Religion in the Schelean Maya Studies
Authors: Kostićová Zuzana Marie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ever since the 1980s, the Maya Studies became seeped with influence of the theories of Mircea Eliade. The article traces the origins and contexts of this influence and evaluates both the results it yielded and the problems it brought to the discipline. First of all, it shows that the way Eliade’s influence has been brought to the Maya Studies (mainly via the Maya Cosmos monograph) is seriously problematic, since it does not discuss or even acknowledge the Eliadian origins of its main concepts. This lack of theoretical reflection opened the door to simplifications and misunderstandings, which spread through the discipline. At the same time, the fundamentally empirical character of Maya Studies practically prevented any deeper conceptual discussion of Maya religion. The article therefore calls for a much needed theoretical and methodological self-reflection of Maya Studies and its concepts related to ancient Maya spirituality.
Ethnographic Documentation of Professional Seamstresses of Folk Clothing in Selected Localities of Southeast Moravia
Authors: Brožovičová Klára 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article aims to point out the continuity of folk clothing creation and to document the active creators - professional seamstresses who have been sewing parts of folk clothing. The research was carried out in the Moravian Slovakia region, namely in the Strážnice and Veselsko areas. The text follows the previous long-term researches of the last generation of folk clothing wearers who wore folk costumes every day in the area. Wearing folk costumes is a dying phenomenon today. The text documents a generation of professional seamstresses working in Strážnice at the beginning of the 20th century which still existed at a time when folk clothing was worn on a daily basis mainly by women. The personalities of Anděla Tvrdoňová – Baňařová (1907) and her mother Marie Tvrdoňová (1878) were described to the detail. These women lived in Strážnice and worked as professional seamstresses and made clothes for the inhabitants of the surrounding villages. The research of this generation of seamstresses used the family chronicle and memories of the respondents Marie Baňařová, the daughter-in-law of Anděla Tvrdoňová-Baňařová, both very unique sources of information that provide authentic testimonies. The article also publishes photographs from a family album depicting work and sewing and embroidery training.
Subsequently, the research is focused on the current generation of professional tailors who continue the work of previous generation. Two seamstresses Ludmila Kočišová from Strážnice and Alena Šikulová from Kněždub were chosen. They are both engaged in making folk clothing professionally, but not commercially, i.e. they don’t have their own business in this field. The research focuses mainly on the transfer of know-how and therefore in-depth interviews with respondents of the current generation were used. The study does not deal with material study of folk clothing and its typology. The today’s generation of seamstresses of folk clothing defines a number of problems that prevent from maintaining the traditional aesthetics of clothing, such as the lack of typical materials (fabrics and lace). The respondents also pointed out the overall transformation of clothing aesthetics and its impact into the wearing of folk clothing. The contribution of the article to the field of ethnology consists in the description of way of intergenerational transfer of knowledge associated with folk clothing and its aesthetics.
The Influence of Foreign Direct Investment Treatment in Domestic Legislation on the Economic Development of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Vukajlović Milica , Kerković Tamara Milenković , Jocić Dragana Radenković 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Serbia has been following a policy of subsidizing foreign direct investments since 2006 and it pays great attention to this type of investment capital in the field of development of our economy. Whether this can be considered as justified is a question to which this paper aims to provide an answer. Do the positive aspects of foreign direct investment necessarily come to the leading position in the country importing capital? The analysis of the positive effects of foreign direct investments on the economy of the host country shows that the multiple benefits of such attracted capital certainly exist, but that their manifestation is not unconditional and will depend on numerous factors. Due to the fact that the subsidy policy is current, the criteria for granting state incentives defined by the current regulation should be set so as to contribute to the manifestation of positive effects of foreign direct investments on the Serbian economy. However, their analysis shows that this is not the case. In addition, the impact that foreign direct investment has had on the Serbian economy indicates that the subsidy policy has not given the expected results. Having this in mind, the impact that the treatment of foreign direct investments in domestic legislation has on the economic development of the Republic of Serbia cannot be assessed as satisfactory.
The Relationship Between Accrual-Based Earnings Management and Real Earnings Management: Reference to the Polish Capital Market
Authors: Comporek Michał 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Research background: The literature on the subject matter emphasizes the lack of empirical research on the relationships between accrual-based earnings management (AEM) and real earnings management (REM), while studies conducted so far are characterized by highly ambiguous results.

Purpose: The main aim of the paper is to present the results of empirical research on the relationships between the AEM and REM practices used to create financial results in industrial public companies listed on the WSE.

Research methodology: The research sample concerns 72 listed companies whose shares were traded on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) for a minimum 13 years in the adopted reference period of 2003–2017. The estimation of AEM and REM practices was made by using: the Jones model, the Kang-Sivaramakrishnan model and the Roychowdhury methodology.

Results: The empirical results allowed showing the existence of a statistically significant, negative relationship between discretionary accruals and the abnormal level of an operational cash flow indicator, as well as between discretionary accruals and the total REM indicator. An in-depth cross-sectional analysis showed the existence of significantly differentiated relationships between the studied variables in individual branches of industry.

Novelty: Research on the relationship between AEM and REM practices in the context of the Polish capital market has not been carried out so far, hence it can be considered a new research area in which there is a justified need to deepen theoretical and empirical research on the EM phenomenon.
Phytosociological analysis of beech forests in the Žumberak and Samobor highlands (Croatia)
Authors: Škvorc Željko , Franjić Jozo , Krstonošić Daniel , Sever Krunoslav 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Žumberak and Samobor highlands are situated in the north-western part of Croatia where the characteristics of the Dinarides, the Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet. The greater part of the area is occupied by beech forests. The aim of the study was to determine the syntaxonomic affiliation of these forest communities, and to explore their floristic and main ecological features. Numerical analyses of floristic compositions were conducted on a data-set consisting of 144 new relevés and 99 relevés from the existing literature. Relevés were made following the standard Braun-Blanquet method. For descriptions of ecological conditions Ellenberg’s indicator values were used. Six plant associations and two subassociations of beech forests were established in Luzulo-Fagion and Aremonio-Fagion alliances. The higher altitudes of the studied area are occupied by ass. Cardamini savensi-Fagetum, whereas the lower altitudes are occupied by ass. Lamio orvalae-Fagetum and Hacquetio-Fagetum. Ass. Hacquetio-Fagetum spreads on southern slopes and ridges, whereas ass. Lamio orvalae-Fagetum occurs in ditches and on northern slopes. In the warmer habitats with shallow soils on a dolomite base ass. Ostryo-Fagetum occurred. A small part of the area is characterized by silicate substrate which is occupied by ass. Luzulo-Fagetum and Gentiano asclepiadeae-Fagetum.