bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New tools for old problems — comparing drone- and field-based assessments of a problematic plant species
Authors: Oldeland Jens , Revermann Rasmus , Luther-Mosebach Jona , Buttschardt Tillmann , Lehmann Jan R. K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPlant species that negatively affect their environment by encroachment require constant management and monitoring through field surveys. Drones have been suggested to support field surveyors allowing more accurate mapping with just-in-time aerial imagery. Furthermore, object-based image analysis tools could increase the accuracy of species maps. However, only few studies compare species distribution maps resulting from traditional field surveys and object-based image analysis using drone imagery. We acquired drone imagery for a saltmarsh area (18 ha) on the Hallig Nordstrandischmoor (Germany) with patches of Elymus athericus, a tall grass which encroaches higher parts of saltmarshes. A field survey was conducted afterwards using the drone orthoimagery as a baseline. We used object-based image analysis (OBIA) to segment CIR imagery into polygons which were classified into eight land cover classes. Finally, we compared polygons of the field-based and OBIA-based maps visually and for location, area, and overlap before and after post-processing. OBIA-based classification yielded good results (kappa = 0.937) and agreed in general with the field-based maps (field = 6.29 ha, drone = 6.22 ha with E. athericus dominance). Post-processing revealed 0.31 ha of misclassified polygons, which were often related to water runnels or shadows, leaving 5.91 ha of E. athericus cover. Overlap of both polygon maps was only 70% resulting from many small patches identified where E. athericus was absent. In sum, drones can greatly support field surveys in monitoring of plant species by allowing for accurate species maps and just-in-time captured very-high-resolution imagery.
An improved window of interest for electroanatomical mapping of atrial tachycardia
Authors: Mechulan Alexis , Bun Sok-Sithikun , Masse Alexandre , Peret Angélique , Leong-Feng Lauriane , Pons Frederic , Bouharaoua Ahmed , Dieuzaide Pierre , Prévot Sébastien 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Diagnosis of atrial tachycardia (AT) with 3D mapping system remains challenging due to fibrosis or previous ablation. This study aims to evaluate a new electroanatomical mapping annotation setting using a window of interest adjusted at the end of the P wave (WOIp wave) to identify the AT mechanism more accurately.

Methods
Twenty patients with successful ablation of left AT using navigation system CARTO3 were evaluated. Two maps for each patient were generated offline using either conventional settings of WOI (WOIconv.) or WOIp wave. Three investigators from two centres analysed the maps blindly.

Results
Mechanisms of AT were macroreentrant in 14/20 patients (70%) and focal in 6/20 (30%). WOIp wave resulted in a significant increase in the percentage of correct identification of the mechanism based on mapping alone (93.3 ± 13.7% vs 58.3 ± 33.9%; p = 0.0003) compared with WOIconv.. Diagnoses based on mapping were arrived at faster (27.8 ± 16.4 s vs 38.97 ± 13.64 s, respectively; p = 0.0231) and with a greater confidence in the diagnosis (confidence index 2.57 ± 0.45 vs 2.12 ± 0.45, respectively; p = 0.0024). With perimitral re-entry specifically “early meets late” was closer to the anatomical region of the mitral isthmus (15.9 ± 20.9 mm vs 48.77 ± 23.23 mm, respectively; p = 0.0028).

Conclusions
This study found that electroanatomical mapping acquisition with a window of interest set at the end of the P wave improves the ability to diagnose the arrhythmia mechanism based on the initial map. It is particularly beneficial in identifying area of interest for ablation in perimitral AT.
Efficient production of a functional G protein-coupled receptor in E. coli for structural studies
Authors: Abiko Layara Akemi , Rogowski Marco , Gautier Antoine , Schertler Gebhard , Grzesiek Stephan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are transmembrane signal transducers which regulate many key physiological process. Since their discovery, their analysis has been limited by difficulties in obtaining sufficient amounts of the receptors in high-quality, functional form from heterologous expression hosts. Albeit highly attractive because of its simplicity and the ease of isotope labeling for NMR studies, heterologous expression of functional GPCRs in E. coli has proven particularly challenging due to the absence of the more evolved protein expression and folding machinery of higher eukaryotic hosts. Here we first give an overview on the previous strategies for GPCR E. coli expression and then describe the development of an optimized robust protocol for the E. coli expression and purification of two mutants of the turkey β1-adrenergic receptor (β1AR) uniformly or selectively labeled in 15N or 2H,15N. These mutants had been previously optimized for thermal stability using insect cell expression and used successfully in crystallographic and NMR studies. The same sequences were then used for E. coli expression. Optimization of E. coli expression was achieved by a quantitative analysis of losses of receptor material at each step of the solubilization and purification procedure. Final yields are 0.2–0.3 mg receptor per liter culture. Whereas both expressed mutants are well folded and competent for orthosteric ligand binding, the less stable YY-β1AR mutant also comprises the two native tyrosines Y5.58 and Y7.53, which enable G protein binding. High-quality 1H-15N TROSY spectra were obtained for E. coli-expressed YY-β1AR in three different functional states (antagonist, agonist, and agonist + G protein-mimicking nanobody-bound), which are identical to spectra obtained of the same forms of the receptor expressed in insect cells. NdeI and AgeI restriction sites introduced into the expression plasmid allow for the easy replacement of the receptor gene by other GPCR genes of interest, and the provided quantitative workflow analysis may guide the respective adaptation of the purification protocol.
Polymerization of l-lactide with SnCl2: A Low Toxic and Eco-friendly Catalyst
Authors: Kricheldorf Hans R. , Weidner Steffen M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPolymerizations of l-lactide catalyzed either by neat SnCl2 or by SnCl2 + difunctional cocatalysts were conducted in bulk at 180, 160 and 140 °C with variation of the Lac/Cat ratio and time. With neat SnCl2 poly(L-lactide) having weight average molecular weights (uncorrected Mw’s) up to 190 000 g mol−1 were obtained mainly consisting of linear chains. Addition of salicylic acid or 1,1-bisphenol yielded a higher fraction of cyclic polylactides but lower molecular weights. Furthermore, SnCl2 was compared with Bu2SnCl2 and various other metal chlorides and the best results were obtained with SnCl2. With ethyl L-lactate as initiator SnCl2-catalyzed ROPs were performed at 120 °C and the lac/initiator ratio was varied. All these experiments were conducted under conditions allowing for comparison with ROPs catalyzed with neat Sn(II)-2-ethyhexanoate. Such a comparison was also performed with ε-caprolactone as monomer.
Scientist or Entrepreneur? Identity centrality, university entrepreneurial mission, and academic entrepreneurial intention
Authors: Wang Miao , Soetanto Danny , Cai Jianfeng , Munir Hina 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between identity centrality and entrepreneurial intention. Based on a survey of 275 academic scientists from 14 Chinese universities, the results show that entrepreneurial identity centrality positively influences the intention to engage in research commercialisation activities, such as spin-off creation, patenting and licensing, contracting research and consulting. We also found that the conflict between entrepreneurial and scientific identity centrality is less problematic than expected in the literature. In fact, the interaction between both identity centralities strengthens academics scientists’ intention to involve in academic entrepreneurship. Concerning the influence of institutional factor on academic entrepreneurship, the finding confirms that university entrepreneurial mission moderates the relationship between both identity centralities and the intention to establish spin-offs. Finally, this paper provides insights for academic entrepreneurship in China and practical recommendation for policy makers.
A note on slack enforcement mechanisms for self-suspending tasks
Authors: Günzel Mario , Chen Jian-Jia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper provides counterexamples for the slack enforcement mechanisms to handle segmented self-suspending real-time tasks by Lakshmanan and Rajkumar (Proceedings of the Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS), pp 3–12, 2010).
Potentially Inappropriately Prescribed Medications Among Medicare Medication Therapy Management Eligible Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: an Observational Analysis
Authors: Silva-Almodóvar Armando , Hackim Edward , Wolk Hailey , Nahata Milap C. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Potentially inappropriately prescribed medications (PIPMs) among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may vary among clinical settings. Rates of PIPM are unknown among Medicare-enrolled Medication Therapy Management (MTM) eligible patients.

Objectives
Determine prevalence of PIPM among patients with CKD and evaluate characteristics of patients and providers associated with PIPM.

Design
An observational cross-sectional investigation of a Medicare insurance plan for the year 2018.

Patients
Medicare-enrolled MTM eligible patients with stage 3–5 CKD.

Main Measures
PIPM was identified utilizing a tertiary database. Logistic regression assessed relationship between patient characteristics and PIPM.

Key Results
Investigation included 3624 CKD patients: 2856 (79%), 548 (15%), and 220 (6%) patients with stage 3, 4, and 5 CKD, respectively. Among patients with stage 3, stage 4, and stage 5 CKD, 618, 430, and 151 were with at least one PIPM, respectively. Logistic regression revealed patients with stage 4 or 5 CKD had 7–14 times the odds of having a PIPM in comparison to patients with stage 3 disease (p < 0.001). Regression also found PIPM was associated with increasing number of years qualified for MTM (odds ratio (OR) 1.46–1.74, p ≤ 0.005), female gender (OR 1.25, p = 0.008), and increasing polypharmacy (OR 1.30–1.57, p ≤ 0.01). Approximately 14% of all medications (2879/21093) were considered PIPM. Majority of PIPMs (62%) were prescribed by physician primary care providers (PCPs). Medications with the greatest percentage of PIPM were spironolactone, canagliflozin, sitagliptin, levetiracetam, alendronate, pregabalin, pravastatin, fenofibrate, metformin, gabapentin, famotidine, celecoxib, naproxen, meloxicam, rosuvastatin, diclofenac, and ibuprofen.

Conclusion
Over one-third of Medicare MTM eligible patients with CKD presented with at least one PIPM. Worsening renal function, length of MTM eligibility, female gender, and polypharmacy were associated with having PIPM. Majority of PIPMs were prescribed by PCPs. Clinical decision support tools may be considered to potentially reduce PIPM among Medicare MTM–enrolled patients with CKD.
Digital innovation management for entrepreneurial ecosystems: services and functionalities as drivers of innovation management software adoption
Authors: Endres Herbert , Huesig Stefan , Pesch Robin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInnovation Management Software can promote Entrepreneurial Ecosystems by consolidating an organization’s innovation programs, stakeholders, and resources in one place. In this study, we highlighted the digitalization of innovation processes. We focus particularly on the factors influencing the adoption of a specific class of software tools called Innovation Management Software (IMS) or Digital Innovation Management System to support innovation management methods and activities. Specifically, we address the two questions (a) which specific functionality drives the adoption of IMS tools, and (b) which services of IMS providers are valuable in supporting the adoption of IMS by organizations aiming to digitalize their innovation processes. By using an online questionnaire, we gathered survey data from 199 innovation managers of German firms. We used regression analysis to test our hypotheses. While the overall IMS adoption is considered to positively affect the new product development (NPD) efficiency, our results indicate that especially idea management functionalities and services for updates and upgrades improve the IMS adoption. Surprisingly, offering complementary consulting services together with IMS offerings to support the digitalization of innovation processes reduces the likelihood of IMS adoption. These findings are important for managers, consultants, and developers in order to choose and leverage the right options for improving the adoption of IT tools in the NPD process and therefore increase NPD performance and thus also promote Entrepreneurial Ecosystems.
Analysis of clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese children with congenital hyperinsulinemia that is spontaneously relieved
Authors: Xu Zi-di , Hui Pei-pei , Zhang Wei , Zeng Qiao , Zhang Lin , Liu Min , Yan Jie , Wu Yu-jun , Sang Yan-mei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese children with congenital hyperinsulinemia (CHI) that is spontaneously relieved.

Methods
The patient group comprised 200 children with CHI that were treated at the Beijing Children’s Hospital from January 2006 to December 2018. The patients were divided into two groups according to their prognosis: the spontaneous remission group (n = 92) and the nonspontaneous remission group (n = 108). The clinical characteristics, pathogenic genes, diagnosis and treatment process, and follow-up data of both groups were analyzed retrospectively.

Results
Of the 200 children with CHI, 92 achieved spontaneous remission. The age of spontaneous remission was between one month and nine years, and 47 of the children were relieved before the age of one year. The median age of onset was 85 days (range: 1–2825 days) in the spontaneous remission group and 2 days (range: 1–210 days) in the nonspontaneous remission group (P < 0.05). The mean birth weight was 3.44 ± 0.76 kg for the spontaneous remission group and 3.95 ± 0.75 kg for the nonspontaneous remission group (P < 0.05). Of the 92 children in the spontaneous remission group, 65 were treated with diazoxide with effective rate of 81.5% (53/65). In 12 cases in which diazoxide treatment failed, octreotide was used with an effective rate of 83.3% (10/12). Of the 108 children in the nonspontaneous remission group, 88 were treated with diazoxide with an effective rate of 43.2 % (38/88), and 29 children were treated with octreotide with an effective rate of 48.28% (14/29). Of the 30 children in the spontaneous remission group that underwent mutation analysis of CHI-related pathogenic genes, 10 children (10/30, 33.3%) carried mutations. Of the 48 children in the nonspontaneous remission group that underwent mutation analysis of CHI-related pathogenic genes, 37 children (37/48, 77.1%) were found to carry mutations. All of the differences in the indices mentioned above were statistically significant.

Conclusions
The rate of spontaneous remission of CHI was significantly higher in children with late age of CHI onset, light birth weight, effective diazoxide treatment, and no common pathogenic gene mutations. Spontaneous remission was also possible for a small number of children that carried mutations in the ABCC and KCNJ11 genes and in whom diazoxide treatment failed.
Olfactory Neuroblastoma of the Sinonasal Tract with Prominent Orbital Protrusion: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Chen Lin , Wang Jingxin , Yang Zhigang , Guo Yingkun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOlfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare malignant neuroectodermal tumor of the nasal cavity. Olfactory neuroblastoma centered in the posterior right orbit with prominent orbital protrusion is even rare. Grading ONB is extremely important as individualized treatment plans must be formulated according to tumor grade. We report the case of a 67-year-old female who presented with the chief complaints of persistent nasal congestion with intermittent epistaxis and unilateral proptosis over the past five years. Radiological imaging was suggestive of a large heterogeneous mass in the right superior nasal cavity with extensions into the right medial orbit, nasopharynx, the right maxillary sinus, the anterior cranial fossa, right ethmoidal, frontal and bilateral sphenoidal sinuses, as well as into the right frontal lobe. Assessment of the radiologic features revealed the diagnostic possibility of olfactory neuroblastoma. A nasopharyngeal biopsy confirmed an olfactory neuroblastoma. Frontal osteoplastic craniotomy and excision of the intracranial part of the tumor from above and transnasal endoscopic removal of the mass in the nasal cavities, paranasal sinuses and right medial orbit from below was done. Evaluation of histopathological characteristics and immunohistochemical findings revealed a diagnosis of WHO grade IV olfactory neuroblastoma. Because of poor economic condition, the patient did not take adjuvant radiotherapy and chemoradiation and post-operative examination. We report a huge ONB centered in the posterior right orbit with prominent orbital protrusion. Magnetic resonance image and computed tomography are helpful for evaluating the appearance and the extent of ONB, as well as grading this tumor, which may aid therapeutic decisions and improve survival.
Survival and Inactivation by Advanced Oxidative Process of Foodborne Viruses in Model Low-Moisture Foods
Authors: Nasheri Neda , Harlow Jennifer , Chen Angela , Corneau Nathalie , Bidawid Sabah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEnteric viruses, such as human norovirus (NoV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV), are the major causes of foodborne illnesses worldwide. These viruses have low infectious dose, and may remain infectious for weeks in the environment and food. Limited information is available regarding viral survival and transmission in low-moisture foods (LMF). LMFs are generally considered as ready-to-eat products, which undergo no or minimal pathogen reduction steps. However, numerous foodborne viral outbreaks associated with LMFs have been reported in recent years. The objective of this study was to examine the survival of foodborne viruses in LMFs during 4-week storage at ambient temperature and to evaluate the efficacy of advanced oxidative process (AOP) treatment in the inactivation of these viruses. For this purpose, select LMFs such as pistachios, chocolate, and cereal were inoculated with HAV and the norovirus surrogates, murine norovirus (MNV) and feline calicivirus (FCV), then viral survival on these food matrices was measured over a four-week incubation at ambient temperature, by both plaque assay and droplet-digital RT-PCR (ddRT-PCR) using the modified ISO-15216 method as well as the magnetic bead assay for viral recovery. We observed an approximately 0.5 log reduction in viral genome copies, and 1 log reduction in viral infectivity for all three tested viruses following storage of select inoculated LMFs for 4 weeks. Therefore, the present study shows that the examined foodborne viruses can persist for a long time in LMFs. Next, we examined the inactivation efficacy of AOP treatment, which combines UV-C, ozone, and hydrogen peroxide vapor, and observed that while approximately 100% (4 log) inactivation can be achieved for FCV, and MNV in chocolate, the inactivation efficiency diminishes to approximately 90% (1 log) in pistachios and 70% (< 1 log) in cereal. AOP treatment could therefore be a good candidate for risk reduction of foodborne viruses from certain LMFs depending on the food matrix and surface of treatment.
Goal-Directed Exploration for Learning Vowels and Syllables: A Computational Model of Speech Acquisition
Authors: Philippsen Anja 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInfants learn to speak rapidly during their first years of life, gradually improving from simple vowel-like sounds to larger consonant-vowel complexes. Learning to control their vocal tract in order to produce meaningful speech sounds is a complex process which requires to learn the relationship between motor and sensory processes. In this paper, a computational framework is proposed that models the problem of learning articulatory control for a physiologically plausible 3-D vocal tract model using a developmentally-inspired approach. The system babbles and explores efficiently in a low-dimensional space of goals that are relevant to the learner in its synthetic environment. The learning process is goal-directed and self-organized, and yields an inverse model of the mapping between sensory space and motor commands. This study provides a unified framework that can be used for learning static as well as dynamic motor representations. The successful learning of vowel and syllable sounds as well as the benefit of active and adaptive learning strategies are demonstrated. Categorical perception is found in the acquired models, suggesting that the framework has the potential to replicate phenomena of human speech acquisition.
Extreme Climate and Absence from Work: Evidence from Jamaica
Authors: Spencer Nekeisha , Urquhart Mikhail-Ann 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the impact of extreme climate events on work absence in Jamaica. To this end, we constructed a quarterly individual level dataset on labor market and climatic data for 2004–2014. We find that while excess rainfall increases the odds of being temporarily absent from work, heat is unlikely to have an effect. The estimated outcome of excess rainfall is reasonable given the possibility of flooded roads, which can impede travel to work. This draws attention to the development of e-commuting policies to mitigate any negative effects on productivity.
Do opposite ends of same factors underlie life satisfaction vs. depressive symptoms among older people?
Authors: Pynnönen Katja , Kokko Katja , Saajanaho Milla , Törmäkangas Timo , Portegijs Erja , Rantanen Taina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Although depressive symptoms are more common among older than younger age groups, life satisfaction tends to remain stable over the life course, possibly because the underlying factors or processes differ.

Aim
To study whether the factors that increase the likelihood of high life satisfaction also decrease the likelihood of depressive symptoms among older people.

Methods
The data were a population-based probability sample drawn from community-dwelling people aged 75, 80, and 85 years (n = 1021). Participants’ life satisfaction was measured with the Satisfaction with Life Scale and depressive symptoms with the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Physical performance, perceived financial situation, executive functions, loneliness, self-acceptance, and having interests in one’s life were studied as explanatory variables. The data were analyzed using cross-sectional bivariate linear modeling.

Results
Better physical performance, not perceiving loneliness, having special interests in one’s life, and higher self-acceptance were associated with higher life satisfaction and fewer depressive symptoms. Better financial situation was related only to life satisfaction. Executive functions were not associated with either of the outcomes.

Discussion
The opposite ends of the same factors underlie positive and negative dimensions of mental well-being.

Conclusion
Further studies are warranted to better understand how people maintain life satisfaction with aging when many resources may diminish and depressive symptoms become more prevalent.