bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of quercetin combined with nucleopolyhedrovirus on the growth and immune response in the silkworm (Bombyx mori)
Authors: Shi Guiqin , Kang Zhaoyang , Liu Huijuan , Ren Fei , Zhou Yuan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFlavonoids are secondary metabolites that help plants resist insect attack. It can resist insect attack by inhibiting insect immune defense, and pathogens can also inhibit insect immune defense. It is speculated that the combination of flavonoids and pathogens may inhibit the immune defense and have stronger toxicity to silkworm. In this study, the combined treatment of quercetin with Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) had significant negative effects on the growth and survival of silkworm compared with BmNPV group. The detoxifying enzyme activity of BmNPV group was significantly increased at 96 h, while the activity of the combined treatment group was significantly decreased with the increase of quercetin exposure time (72 or 96 h). The activity of antioxidant enzymes also showed a similar trend, that was, the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the combined treatment group also decreased significantly with the increase of quercetin exposure time, which led to the increase of reactive oxygen species content. The silkworm cells would produce lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde content was significantly increased, so that the expression of immune‐related genes (the antimicrobial peptide, Toll pathway, IMD pathway, JAK‐STAT pathway, and melanin genes) were decreased, leading to the damage of the immune system of silkworm. These results indicated that quercetin combined with BmNPV could inhibit the activities of protective enzymes and lead to oxidative damage to silkworm. It can also affect the immune response of the silkworm, and thus resulting in abnormal growth. This study provides the novel conclusion that quercetin accumulation will increase the susceptibility of silkworm to pathogens.
Binding of boswellic acids to functional proteins of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus: Bioinformatic studies
Authors: Caliebe Reinhard H. , Scior Thomas , Ammon Hermann P. T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBoswellic acids (BAs) have been shown to possess antiviral activity. Using bioinformatic methods, it was tested whether or not acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid (AKBA), 11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid (KBA), β‐boswellic acid (BBA), and the phosphorylated active metabolite of Remdesivir® (RGS‐P3) bind to functional proteins of SARS‐CoV‐2, that is, the replicase polyprotein P0DTD1, the spike glycoprotein P0DTC2, and the nucleoprotein P0DTC9. Using P0DTD1, AKBA and KBA showed micromolar binding affinity to the RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and to the main proteinase complex Mpro. Phosphorylated BAs even bond in the nanomolar range. Due to their positive and negative charges, BAs and RGS‐P3 bond to corresponding negative and positive areas of the protein. BAs and RGS‐P3 docked in the tunnel‐like cavity of RdRp. BAs also docked into the elongated surface rim of viral Mpro. In both cases, binding occurred with active site amino acids in the lower micromolecular to upper nanomolar range. KBA, BBA, and RGS‐P3 also bond to P0DTC2 and P0DTC9. The binding energies for BAs were in the range of −5.8 to −6.3 kcal/mol. RGS‐P3 and BAs occluded the centrally located pore of the donut‐like protein structure of P0DTC9 and, in the case of P0DTC2, RGS‐P3 and BAs impacted the double‐wing‐like protein structure. The data of this bioinformatics study clearly show that BAs bind to three functional proteins of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus responsible for adhesion and replication, as does RGS‐P3, a drug on the market to treat this disease. The binding effectiveness of BAs can be increased through phosphate esterification. Whether or not BAs are druggable against the SARS‐CoV‐2 disease remains to be established.
Recent Progress and Perspectives on Cell Surface Modification
Authors: Zhang Shi‐Yi , Zhou Ze‐Rui , Qian Ruo‐Can 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe cell membrane is a biological interface consisting of phospholipid bilayer, saccharides and proteins that maintains a stable metabolic intracellular environment as well as regulating and controlling the exchange of substances inside and outside the cell. Cell membranes provide a highly complex biological surface carrying a variety of essential surfaces ligands and receptors for cells to receive various stimuli of external signals, thereby inducing corresponding cell responses regulating the life activities of the cell. These surface receptors can be manipulated via cell surface modification to regulate cellular functions and behaviors Thus, cell surface modification has attracted considerable attention due to its significance in cell fate control, cell engineering and cell therapy. In this minireview, we describe the recent developments and advances of cell surface modification, and summarize the main modification methods with corresponding functions and applications. Finally, the prospect for the future development of the modification of the living cell membrane is discussed.
Joint attention and intelligence in children with autism spectrum disorder without severe intellectual disability
Authors: Sano Masuhiko , Yoshimura Yuko , Hirosawa Tetsu , Hasegawa Chiaki , An Kyung‐min , Tanaka Sanae , Naitou Nobushige , Kikuchi Mitsuru 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), joint attention is regarded as a predictor of language function, social skills, communication, adaptive function, and intelligence. However, existing information about the association between joint attention and intelligence is limited. Most such studies have examined children with low intelligence. For this study, we investigated whether joint attention is related to intelligence in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without severe intellectual disability. We analyzed 113 children with ASD aged 40–98 months. Their Kaufman Assessment Battery (K‐ABC) Mental Processing Index (MPI) scores are 60 and more (mean 93.4). We evaluated their intelligence using K‐ABC and evaluated their joint attention using ADOS‐2. After we performed simple regression analyses using K‐ABC MPI and its nine subscales as dependent variables, using joint attention as the independent variable, we identified joint attention as a positive predictor of the MPI and its two subscales. From this result, we conclude that joint attention is related to intelligence in young children with ASD without severe intellectual disability. This result suggests a beneficial effect of early intervention targeting joint attention for children with ASD.Lay SummaryJoint attention is the ability to coordinate visual attention with another person and then shift one's gaze toward an object or event. Impairment of joint attention is regarded as an early marker of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study revealed impairment of joint attention as associated with lower intelligence in ASD children. These results are expected to constitute a rationale for future studies, particularly addressing beneficial effects of early intervention targeting joint attention for children with ASD.
Biophysical targeting of high‐risk cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Epshtein Mark , Levi Moran , Kraitem Afif M. , Zidan Hikaia , King Robert M. , Gawaz Meinrad , Gounis Matthew J. , Korin Netanel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLocalized delivery of diagnostic/therapeutic agents to cerebral aneurysms, lesions in brain arteries, may offer a new treatment paradigm. Since aneurysm rupture leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage is a devastating medical emergency with high mortality, the ability to noninvasively diagnose high‐risk aneurysms is of paramount importance. Moreover, treatment of unruptured aneurysms with invasive surgery or minimally invasive neurointerventional surgery poses relatively high risk and there is presently no medical treatment of aneurysms. Here, leveraging the endogenous biophysical properties of brain aneurysms, we develop particulate carriers designed to localize in aneurysm low‐shear flows as well as to adhere to a diseased vessel wall, a known characteristic of high‐risk aneurysms. We first show, in an in vitro model, flow guided targeting to aneurysms using micron‐sized (2 μm) particles, that exhibited enhanced targeting (>7 folds) to the aneurysm cavity while smaller nanoparticles (200 nm) showed no preferable accumulation. We then functionalize the microparticles with glycoprotein VI (GPVI), the main platelet receptor for collagen under low‐medium shear, and study their targeting in an in vitro reconstructed patient‐specific aneurysm that contained a disrupted endothelium at the cavity. Results in this model showed that GPVI microparticles localize at the injured aneurysm an order of magnitude (>9 folds) more than control particles. Finally, effective targeting to aneurysm sites was also demonstrated in an in vivo rabbit aneurysm model with a disrupted endothelium. Altogether, the presented biophysical strategy for targeted delivery may offer new treatment opportunities for cerebral aneurysms.
Improved survival with enasidenib versus standard of care in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia associated with IDH2 mutations using historical data and propensity score matching analysis
Authors: de Botton Stéphane , Brandwein Joseph M. , Wei Andrew H. , Pigneux Arnaud , Quesnel Bruno , Thomas Xavier , Legrand Ollivier , Recher Christian , Chantepie Sylvain , Hunault‐Berger Mathilde , Boissel Nicolas , Nehme Salem A. , Frattini Mark G. , Tosolini Alessandra , Marion‐Gallois Roland , Wang Jixian J. , Cameron Chris , Siddiqui Muhaimen , Hutton Brian , Milkovich Gary , Stein Eytan M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe present study evaluated the relative survival benefits associated with enasidenib and current standard of care (SoC) therapies for patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and an isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) mutation who are ineligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).MethodsPropensity score matching (PSM) analysis compared survival outcomes observed with enasidenib 100 mg daily in the phase I/II AG221‐C‐001 trial and SoC outcomes obtained from a real‐world chart review of patients in France.ResultsBefore matching, enasidenib (n = 195) was associated with numerically improved overall survival (OS) relative to SoC (n = 80; hazard ratio [HR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61–1.11). After matching and adjusting for covariates (n = 78 per group), mortality risk was significantly lower with enasidenib than with SoC (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47–0.97). The median OS was 9.26 months for enasidenib (95% CI, 7.72–13.24) and 4.76 months for SoC (95% CI, 3.81–8.21). Results remained robust across all sensitivity analyses conducted.ConclusionsPSM analyses indicate that enasidenib significantly prolongs survival relative to SoC among patients with R/R AML and an IDH2 mutation who are ineligible for HSCT. Future prospective studies are needed to validate these findings using other data sources and to assess the comparative efficacy of enasidenib for other treatment outcomes.
Intra‐cardiac thrombosis in the setting of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Mohamed Amr 
Published: August 2021

AbstractKey clinical message is to know that HIT is a massive thrombotic storm. Atrial fibrillation cardioversion might not be safe in HIT using the standard 48‐hour cutoff from arrhythmia onset. Also, the case serves as a reminder of how to suspect, diagnose, and treat HIT.
Intermetallic Compounds: Liquid‐Phase Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Applications
Authors: Yuan Yuliang , Yang Zhilong , Lai Wenchuan , Gao Lei , Li Mengfan , Zhang Jiawei , Huang Hongwen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCharacterized by long‐range atomic ordering, well‐defined stoichiometry, and controlled crystal structure, intermetallics have attracted increasing attention in the area of chemical synthesis and catalytic applications. Liquid‐phase synthesis of intermetallics has arisen as the promising methodology due to its precise control over size, shape, and resistance toward sintering compared with the traditional metallurgy. This short review tends to provide perspectives on the liquid‐phase synthesis of intermetallics in terms of both thermodynamics and methodology, as well as its applications in various catalytic reactions. Specifically, basic thermodynamics and kinetics in the synthesis of intermetallics will be first discussed, followed by discussing the main factors that will affect the formation of intermetallics during synthesis. The application of intermetallics in electrocatalysis will be demonstrated case by case at last. We conclude the review with perspectives on the future developments with respect to both synthesis and catalytic applications.
Breathing‐Assisted Selective Adsorption of C8 Alkyl Aromatics in Zn‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Lee Jihyun , Kim Younghoon , Son Younghu , Kim Hyehyun , Nam Choi Yong , D'Alessandro Deanna , Chandra Rao Purna , Yoon Minyoung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe breathing phenomenon in metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) has revealed supramolecular host‐guest interactions that could be beneficial for chemical separation in numerous industrial applications. The cost‐effective purification of C8 alkyl aromatics such as o‐xylene, m‐xylene, p‐xylene, and ethylbenzene remains challenging owing to their similar molecular structures, boiling points, kinetic diameters, polarities, etc. Herein, we report two Zn‐based pillar‐bilayered MOFs, denoted [Zn2(aip)2(pillar)] (aip=5‐aminoisophthalic acid; pillar: bpy=4,4’‐bipyridine or bpe=1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethane) that exhibit a breathing effect depending on the adsorbed guest molecules. Guest‐dependent sorption studies in organic solvents such as N,N‐dimethylformamide, methanol, benzene, and water vapor display reversible structural flexibility through the breathing effect in both framework compounds. The experiments conducted on C8‐alkyl aromatics resulting in both MOF compounds can access these isomers in the shrunken pores, and thereby expand the pore size by framework breathing. In C8 binary mixtures, these Zn‐MOFs exhibit selective sorption properties based on the different interactions between guest C8 aromatics and the framework structure.
Revised Structures of Dehydrostenines A and B: Total Syntheses of (±)‐Dehydrostenine A and Structure Assigned to Dehydrostenine B
Authors: Olivier Wesley J. , Lucas Nigel T. , Bissember Alex C. , Smith Jason A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe first total syntheses of the Stemona alkaloid dehydrostenine A and the structure assigned to dehydrostenine B have been completed from a simple pyrrole substrate in 10 and 11 steps, respectively. Two independent Brønsted‐acid‐mediated intramolecular Michael additions were exploited to construct the tetracyclic dehydrostenine core. As a result of synthetic studies and associated analysis of the relevant literature, revisions of the structures originally assigned to dehydrostenines A and B are proposed.
Recovery of Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni from Spent LIBs after Li Selective Separation by the COOL‐Process. Part 1: Leaching of Solid Residue from COOL‐Process
Authors: Kaiser Doreen , Pavón Sandra , Bertau Martin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLithium recycling from spent LIBs along the COOL‐process produces a Li‐free metal rich black mass, which still contains the entire fraction of valuable metal such as Co, Ni, and Mn. A recycling process was developed, which allows for mobilizing these metals. The first process stage is the selective leaching of Li via COOL‐process. Subsequently, two inorganic (H2SO4 and HCl) and two organics acids (citric and gluconic acid) were tested for mobilizing the metals from the solid residue. To optimize this process stage, acid concentration as well as addition of H2O2 as a reduction reagent were investigated. The optimal conditions to dissolve valuable metals such as Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni was identified as 2 N H2SO4 and 2 vol % H2O2.
“Who’s that girl?” The entrepreneur as a super(wo)man
Authors: De Simone Silvia , Priola Vincenza 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGender and entrepreneurship research emphasize the masculine symbolic domain of entrepreneurial practices, but mostly neglects to analyze the gender complexity of doing entrepreneurship. This article examines entrepreneurial femininities as constructed and performed by Italian women. Theoretically, it employs postfeminism as a globalized discourse to offer a nuanced reading of the relationship between gender inequalities, entrepreneurship, and postfeminism. Through the analysis of 51 interviews with entrepreneurs, the paper explores how postfeminist ideals and discourses (the “super(wo)man” who is “free” to choose) are adapted to reflect the Italian cultural context. In doing so, it discusses how these women manage the coexistence of feminist (i.e., autonomy, empowerment) and anti‐feminist (i.e., traditional division of household labour) expectations concerning women’s place in work and society.
Age distributions of breast cancer diagnosis and mortality by race and ethnicity in US women
Authors: Hendrick R. Edward , Monticciolo Debra L. , Biggs Kelly W. , Malak Sharp F. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundSurveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data from 1973‐2010 have been used to show that minority women have disproportionately higher percentages of breast cancers diagnosed at younger ages in comparison with White women.MethodsThe authors analyzed SEER 21 invasive breast cancer incidence data for 2014‐2017 and National Center for Health Statistics mortality data for 2014‐2018 and compared invasive incidence and mortality by age in non‐Hispanic Black (NH‐Black), Asian American/Pacific Islander (AAPI), Native American, and Hispanic women with those in non‐Hispanic White (NH‐White) women. They evaluated incidence rates and percentages of invasive breast cancer cases and breast cancer deaths occurring before the age of 50 years along with advanced‐stage incidence rates and percentages in minority women versus NH‐White women.ResultsRecent SEER data showed that invasive breast cancers were diagnosed at significantly younger ages in minority women versus NH‐White women. Among women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer, compared with NH‐White women, minority women were 72% more likely to be diagnosed under the age of 50 years (relative risk [RR], 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.70‐1.75), 58% more likely to be diagnosed with advanced‐stage breast cancer under the age of 50 years (RR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.55‐1.61), and 24% more likely to be diagnosed with advanced‐stage (regional or distant) breast cancer at all ages (RR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.23‐1.25). Among women dying of breast cancer, minority women were 127% more likely to die under the age of 50 years than NH‐White women.ConclusionsNH‐Black, AAPI, Native American, and Hispanic women have higher proportions of invasive breast cancers at younger ages and at advanced stages and breast cancer deaths at younger ages than NH‐White women.Lay Summary

This study analyzes the most recently available data on invasive breast cancers and breast cancer deaths in US women by age and race/ethnicity.

Its findings show that non‐Hispanic Black, Asian American/Pacific Islander, Native American, and Hispanic women have a higher percentage of invasive breast cancers at younger ages and at more advanced stages and a higher percentage of breast cancer deaths at younger ages than non‐Hispanic White women.
Intensity of end‐of‐life care for dual‐eligible beneficiaries with cancer and the impact of delivery system affiliation
Authors: Herrel Lindsey A. , Zhu Ziwei , Ryan Andrew M. , Hollenbeck Brent K. , Miller David C. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundDual‐eligible beneficiaries, who qualify for Medicare and Medicaid, are a vulnerable population with much to gain from efforts to improve quality. Integrated delivery networks and cancer centers, with their emphasis on care coordination and communication, may improve quality of care for dual‐eligible patients with cancer at the end of life.MethodsThis study used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry data linked with Medicare claims to evaluate quality for beneficiaries who died of cancer and were diagnosed from 2009 to 2014. High‐intensity care was evaluated with 7 end‐of‐life quality measures according to dual‐eligible status with multivariable logistic regression models. Regression‐based techniques were used to assess the effect of delivery system affiliation (ie, cancer center or integrated delivery network vs no affiliation).ResultsAmong 100,549 beneficiaries who died during the study interval, 22% were dually eligible. Inferior outcomes were identified for dual‐eligible beneficiaries in comparison with nondual beneficiaries across nearly every quality measure assessed, including >1 hospitalization in the last 30 days (12.6% vs 11.3%; P < .001) and a greater proportion of deaths occurring in a hospital setting (30.2% vs 26.2%; P < .001). Receipt of care in an affiliated delivery system was associated with reduced deaths in a hospital setting and increased hospice utilization for dual‐eligible beneficiaries.ConclusionsDual‐eligible status is associated with higher intensity care at the end of life. Delivery system affiliation has a modest impact on quality at the end of life, and this suggests that targeted efforts may be needed to optimize quality for this group of vulnerable patients.
EGFR‐plasma mutations in prognosis for non‐small cell lung cancer treated with EGFR TKIs: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Phan Thang Thanh , Tran Vinh Thanh , Tran Bich‐Thu , Ho Toan Trong , Pho Suong Phuoc , Le Anh Tuan , Le Vu Thuong , Nguyen Hang Thuy , Nguyen Son Truong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe plasma‐based epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation testing is approved recently to use in clinical practice. However, it has not been used as a prognostic marker yet because of contradictory results.AimThis meta‐analysis aims to clarify the role of the EGFR‐plasma test in prognosis for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have mutant tumors and receive EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).Methods and ResultsThe PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies by April 10, 2021. The hazard ratio (HR) from reports was extracted and used to assess the correlation of EGFR‐plasma status with progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). A total of 35 eligible studies with 4106 patients were enrolled in the final analysis. Patients with concurrent EGFR mutations in pretreatment plasma have shorter PFS (HR = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.73–2.31, p < .001) and OS time (HR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.89–2.83, p < .001) compared to the tumor‐only mutation cases. Besides, the persistence of EGFR‐activating mutations in post‐treatment plasma is associated with worse PFS (HR = 3.84, 95% CI: 2.96–4.99, p < .001) and OS outcome (HR = 3.22, 95% CI: 2.35–4.42, p < .001) compared to others. Notably, the prognostic value of the EGFR‐plasma test is also validated in treatment with third‐generation EGFR TKI and significance regardless of different detection methods.ConclusionThe presence of EGFR‐plasma mutations at pretreatment and after EGFR TKI initiation is the worse prognostic factor for PFS and OS in NSCLC.