bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paracrine activity of adipose derived stem cells on limbal epithelial stem cells
Authors: Sikora Bartosz , Skubis-Sikora Aleksandra , Prusek Agnieszka , Gola Joanna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Limbal stem cells deficiency (LSCD) is an eye disease caused by the loss of stem cells in the corneal limbus as a succession of an injury due physical, biological, or chemical agents. Current therapies of LSCD are focused on the transplantation of donor corneas or tissue equivalents produced from autologous limbal stem cells. Every year there are waiting millions of people for the cornea transplantation all over the world and the list of waiting patients is growing due to the relatively low number of cornea donors. On the other hand, the transplantation of tissue or cells into the recipient’s body is associated with the higher risk of possible side effects. The possibility of the application of an indirect treatment using the properties of the paracrine activity of stem cells, would be beneficial for the patients with transplant failures. This study was to evaluate the paracrine effect of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ADSC) on the viability of limbal epithelial stem cells (LESC). The paracrine effect was assessed by treating LESC with conditioned medium collected from ADSC culture. Cell viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and proliferation were evaluated using in vitro assays in standard conditions and induced inflammation. After the exposure to the examined conditions, the expression of genes related to pro- and anti- inflammatory factors was evaluated and compared to the secretion of selected cytokines by ELISA test. Moreover, the changes in LESC phenotype were assessed using of phenotype microarrays. Our findings suggest that paracrine activity of ADSC on LESC promotes its proliferation and mitigates the adverse impact of induced inflammation.
Single-Molecule Long-Read Sequencing Facilitates Transcriptomic Research For Whitmania Pigra, The Most Utilized Medical Leech In Chinese Traditional Medicine For Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Song Jing , Li Ping , Guan De-Long , Sun Yan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although leeches are of great medical and economic value in anticoagulant therapy, full-length transcriptomes for leeches remain scarce. Here, we generated the first full-length transcriptome for the paddy leech Whitmania pigra (the most widely utilized medical leech in Chinese traditional medicine) through Pacific Biosciences (Pacbio) single-molecule long-read sequencing. A total of 191,676 full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads were obtained, 30,660 were high-quality unique full-length transcripts. The BUSCO (Bench-marking Universal Single-Copy Orthologues) accession of completeness demonstrated that 74.8% of BUSCOs were complete. We functionally annotated 28,144 transcripts were in public databases, including NR, gene ontology (GO), Pfam, etc. Furthermore, 1,314 long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), 2,574 alternative splicing (AS) events, 932 transcript factors (TFs), and 33,258 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) we identified across all transcripts. From the generated data, a total of 426 anticoagulant genes, including 122 Antistasins, 124 with the Fibrinogen beta and gamma chains, and 62 Kazal-type serine protease inhibitors were screened out. Twenty-five novel proteins were revealed following the evaluation of the annotations and products of these anticoagulant transcripts. The regulation network between LncRNAs and corresponding coding transcripts was found with the typical mang-to-many pattern, especially obvious in a specific type of protein, Guamerin. Collectively, the present findings provide a rich set of full-length cDNA sequences for W. pigra, which will greatly facilitate research on transcriptomic genetic for this species and leeches.
Research on Risk Assessment Method of Enterprise's Arrears Based on Block-Chain Credit Consensus
Authors: Zhang Qian , Xing Sujie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:At present, the power supply market has always acquiesced to the rule of ‘use electricity first, pay later’,some electricity users may delay payment or even default on electricity bills due to various reasons, causing problems such as a long recovery period for electricity bills and difficulty in debt settlement. In order to reduce this kind of phenomenon, the power supply company must understand the user's historical electricity consumption data, capital status, credit status and other information, but the establishment of such a database requires a lot of time and human resource costs.Methods:Based on the distributed storage technology of blockchain, this paper abstracts power supply companies, power users, banking financial institutions, government regulatory agencies, etc. into nodes on the alliance chain.After that,this paper introduces a credit scoring model to judge the credit rating of user information based on characteristic indicators, and select the corresponding electricity fee recovery policy after the result is obtained, so as to reduce the operating risk of the power supply company.Results:This article combines the power and energy market with blockchain technology to establish a secure and distributed credit data blockchain, and at the same time establish a credit scoring model based on expert review questionnaire data. The analysis results show that this mechanism is suitable for credit data storage and sharing in energy transactions. Conclusions:Research and analysis indicate that the credit risk assessment method of electricity transaction data proposed in this article provides a theoretical basis for the combination of electricity transaction credit risk assessment and blockchain technology,which will help improve the company's ability to assess the risk of arrears and reduce the operating risk of power supply companies.
Geographical Distribution Of Dioxins, Cadmium And Mercury Concentrations In Reindeer Liver, Kidneys And Meat In The Russian Far North
Authors: Makarov Dmitry A. , Ovcharenko Vladimir V. , Nebera Elena A. , Kozhushkevich Alexander I. , Shelepchikov Andrey A. , Turbabina Xenia A. , Kalantaenko Anastasia M. , Bardyugov Nikita S. , Gergel Maria A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Reindeer herding is a vitally important agricultural sector in the Russian Far North. It is believed, that Nothern ecosystems are prone to accumulation of persistent pollutants for the reasons of trophical chains, features and climate. Reindeers graze on vast areas, having seasonal migrations on distances up to hundreds kilometers in one side in North-South direction, that increases likehood to cross a locally polluted area. Here we present results of a large-scale countrywide study of reindeer liver, kidneys and meat pollution by dioxins, cadmium and mercury. Samples were taken in 2015-2020 years from 41 locations in 8 reindeer-herding regions of Russia. Dioxins were determined in 383 samples of liver and 13 of meat, cadmium and mercury – in 505 samples of liver, 315 of kidneys and 22 of meat. Dioxin pollution has shown a clear geographical trend: liver concentrations gradually decrease from the Western to the Eastern parts on the country, with the highest concentration of 76.5 pg/g of fat WHO-TEQ. The following factors are likely to explain the discovered trend: localization of chemical enterprises and density of reindeer population. The highest concentrations of metals were found in kidneys (7.3 mg/kg of cadmium and 1.1 mg/kg of mercury). The contribution of local sources to cadmium and mercury pollution was found to be less, than expected. We also speculate, that reindeer liver may serve as a good additional indicator of environmental pollution by the investigated contaminants.
A Novel Approach of Friction Stir Cladding of Aluminum on Carbon Steel Plate; Experimental Investigation and Material Characterization
Authors: Khalili Mohammad Mostafa , Farahani Mohammadreza , Zohrehvand Ali , Aminzadeh Ahmad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cladding is usually used to improve the material functionality (i.e. corrosion, wear, and oxidation) and to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the components in different industries. In this study, a new cladding approach based on the friction stir processing was successfully employed on carbon steel plate with 6061-T6 Aluminum alloy. The mechanical and metallurgical properties of the cladding layer were examined at different process parameters. Metallurgical investigation of ST/Al interface was also evaluated using the Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Optical microscope (OM). Two alloys were mixed uniformly together in the proper process conditions. Based on the results, the decrease of rotational speed from 1200 rpm to 800 rpm at a constant traverse speed of 15 mm/min, the cladding strength increased from 3.7 KN to 4.8 KN. At constant rotational speed of 800 rpm, with an increase in traverse speed from 15 mm/min to 35 mm/min, the cladding strength increased from 4.8 KN to 6.6 KN.
Impact of Telehealth in Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020
Authors: Rahman Saanjaana , Amit Sajid 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Telehealth is allowing healthcare workers to see patients virtually in locations that were not accessible previously, and this has reduced cost and time as well as saved lives. Bangladesh is a developing country with only 6 doctors for every 10,000 patients11. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a rising percentage of individuals in Bangladesh are turning to telehealth as it may provide more convenience and access to care for online consultations while minimizing the risks of virus transmission that may result from going to a healthcare provider11,6. Our research question was to see if there was any impact of telehealth utilization on labor market productivity during the pandemic in 2020. This study will leverage a timely national experiment to evaluate the users of telehealth across the Bangladeshi population. We obtained de-identified data for 200 patients among outpatient telehealth visits from Global Health Data Exchange as it captures telehealth use throughout Bangladesh. The analysis showed, that 92% of participants were males in the study population, and had a higher dependency on telehealth than 8% of the females. We found that the youngest age group, 16–25, had the highest dependence on telehealth, compared to any other age group in Bangladesh. The lowest dependence was among the oldest age group of 45 years and above. However, there was no association between labor market productivity and telehealth use and we rejected our hypothesis. Longitudinal and geographical data are needed to understand more about the gender disparities and impact in telehealth utilizations.
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Trauma-Induced Secondary Injury in Rat Brain
Authors: Sen Ahmet , Erdivanli Basar , Tumkaya Levent , Uydu Huseyin Avni , Mercantepe Tolga , Batcik Sule , Ozdemir Abdullah 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Secondary traumatic brain injury is a potentially modifiable and important determinator of the outcome. Sedation and analgesia are common components of the therapy. However current drug therapies have disadvantages like respiratory depression. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex), a sedative drug with little to no depressive effect on respiratory centers, on secondary injury in rat brain tissue. Eighteen rats were randomized into three groups: Trauma group received anesthesia, followed by head trauma with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Apparatus, the Trauma+Dex group received additional treatment of 100µg/kg intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine daily for three days, The Control group received anesthesia only. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), Na+, K+-ATPase, or sodium/potassium (Na/K-ATPase), and cysteine-aspartic proteases, cysteine aspartates-3 (caspase-3) levels were measured. MDA levels were highest in the Trauma group (p = 0.002 vs Control group). Mean levels in the Trauma+Dex group were lower, albeit still significantly high compared to the Control group (p = 0.002). Glutathione levels were similar in all groups (p = 0.99). Na/K-ATPase levels were lowest in the Trauma group, which is significant compared to the Control group (p = 0.002) and the Trauma+Dex group (p = 0.026). Histopathologic findings of tissue degeneration like edema, vascular congestion and neuronal injury, and cleaved caspase-3 levels were lower in the Trauma+Dex group compared with the Trauma group. Dexmedetomidine administered during the early stage of traumatic brain injury may inhibit caspase-3 cleavage. However, the mechanism does not seem to be related to the improvement of MDA or GSH levels.
Low postoperative blood platelet count may be a risk factor for mortality in patients with acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Liu Guangyu , Wang Hongbai , Luo Qipeng , Cao Liang , Yang Lijing , Yu Cuntao , Yan Fuxia , Yuan Su 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Mortality and complications remain high after Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (ATAAD) open surgery, which is associated with coagulation dysfunction. Platelets play an important role in the process of coagulation. This study was to explore the relationship between postoperative platelet counts and postoperative mortality in patients with ATAAD after open aortic repair surgery.Methods Patients with ATAAD who underwent Total Arch Replacement and Frozen Elephant Trunk in Fuwai Hospital from 2011 to 2015 were selected in this study. The perioperative data were collected and sorted through the electronic clinical case system. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for death within three years after surgery.Results A total of 495 patients were included in the analysis. After correction with the confounding factors, postoperative platelets count remained as an independent factor that was associated with lower mortality (OR = 0.918, 95%CI 0.853-0.988, P = 0.023).Conclusions The study indicated that decreased postoperative platelet count may lead to increased mortality, in patients with ATAAD underwent open aortic repair surgery.
Knowledge and Adherence to Treatments for Genitourinary Syndrome Of Menopause in Covid-19 Pandemic: Comem-Gsm Study
Authors: Mainar Laura Baquedano , Mendez Sonia Sanchez , Pérez Peña Dieste , Aragon Monica Hernandez , Mendoza Nicolás 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo study knowledge regarding genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) and the treatments for it and to analyze treatment adherence during the COVID-19 confinement.MethodsMulti-center observational study including women between 35 and 75 years. An extension study of treatment adherence was conducted during the coronavirus pandemic between March and April 2020ResultsA sample of 2355 women were included. Vaginal dryness was the most frequently identified symptom (74.3%). Lubricants were the best-known treatments (69.6%), followed by local estrogens (25.7%); 66% of the women did not speak to their gynecologist about sexuality. Comparative analyses were conducted according to age, menopausal status, type of menopause, place of residence, type of health care received and level of education. During the coronavirus confinement period, adherence to treatments for vulvovaginal atrophy was poor in 72.5% asked (n=204). Reduced sexual activity (p>0.001) and coronavirus diagnosis (p=0.003) were significantly associated with poorer treatment compliance. ConclusionsThere is great lack of knowledge of the treatments used for GSM. Most women do not talk to their gynecologist about sexuality. Adherence to treatments during the coronavirus confinement has been worryingly low.
Prevalence, Demographic Characteristics and Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents With Substance Use Disorder in Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Hojjat Seyed Kaveh , Khaleghi Ali , Hooshyari Zahra , Mostafavi Seyed-Ali , Alavi Seyed Salman , Ahmadi Nastaran , kaviyani Faezeh , Ahmadi Ameneh , Kian Alireza Armani , Sarraf Nasrin , Safavi Parvin , Khalili Mina Norozi , Talepasand Siavash , Amiri Shahrokh , Molavi Parviz , Akbari Hadi , Arman Soroor , Mohammadzadeh Soleiman , Kousha Maryam , Golbon Atieh , Hosseini Seyed Hamzeh , Delpisheh Ali , Mojahed Azizollah , Moharari Fatemeh , Dastjerdi Reza , Jaberghaderi Nasrin , Ostovar Rahim , Moghadam Mehriar Nadr Mohammadi , Salmanian Maryam , Zarafshan Hadi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of substance use disorder in Iranian children and adolescents and its relationship with demographic characteristics and psychiatric comorbidities.Method: The data were taken from a national survey on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Iranian children and adolescents. The national survey was conducted on 30,532 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. The psychiatric disorders were assessed by employing k-SADS-PL questionnaire and interviews carried out by 240 clinical psychologists with the participants and their parents. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and logistic regression.Results: A total of 277 (0.97%) were diagnosed as people with substance use disorder which were further studied for comorbid disorders. Among the various types of drugs, hypnotic / sedative / anti-anxiety drugs were abused by 84 people (46.15%), cannabis by 68 (37.36%) and stimulants by 43 (23.63%). The variables of gender, place of residence, and father’s occupation and parents’ education level were identified as predictors of substance use disorder in children and adolescents. At the same time, 42.50% substances and alcohol abusing people had at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder and the highest Comorbidity was observed in oppositional defiant disorder, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and separation anxiety disorder (p≤0.05). Conclusions: The findings can be used in the prevention and treatment of substance use disorder and promotion of mental health in children and adolescents by focusing on the psychiatric comorbidities of people with substance use disorder.
Experimental Studies On Reduction of Nox Emission of Biodiesel Fuelled Engine Using A Novel Natural Additive
Authors: Natesan Kapilan , Reddy Rana Pratap , Ahmed Abu Saleh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The world’s energy demand increases because of increase in human population. The conventional fossil energy resources will be depleted and burning of these conventional fuels increases greenhouse gases and causes global warming. These problems can be overcome using renewable alternative energy resources such as biofuels. In recent years biodiesel is considered as a renewable alternative to the fossil diesel. The utilisation of biodiesel as a fuel in compression ignition engine results in lower CO, HC and Smoke emissions as the biodiesel is an oxygenated fuel. The major problem with the biodiesel is its higher NOx emission and different techniques were used to minimise NOx emission. The use of synthetic and nano-metal additives to the biodiesel may affect the environment and hence it is necessary to identify non-toxic, low cost, biodegradable, and sustainable additives to reduce the NOx emission. Hence an attempt was made to use clove oil as a natural additive for the honge oil biodiesel as it has better antioxidant property. The engine tests were conducted with various dosages of clove oil such as 1000 and 2000 ppm and the engine load were increased with an increment of 25% up to full load. The addition of clove oil to the honge oil biodiesel significantly affects the engine NOx and clove oil can be substituted as an additive to reduce the NOx emission of the biodiesel fuelled CI engine and without altering the engine hardware. The clove oil enhances the oxidation stability of the honge oil biodiesel.
Quality of Life After Definitive Linac Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Longitudinal Study
Authors: Yamashita Hideomi , Ogita Mami , Sawayanagi Subaru , Nozawa Yuki , Abe Osamu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Prostate cancer represents the second most common malignancy in the world and majority of patients have diagnosis of localized disease. We examined quality of life after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for prostate cancer. We included patients treated between 2016 and 2020. Inclusion criteria were: adenocarcinoma of the prostate; class risks low, intermediate, and high; WHO performance status 0-2. QoL was measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Prostate (FACT-P). 439 patients were included, treated with SBRT. Median age was 73. Median follow-up was 34 months. FACT P-TOI (p < 0.0001), FACT G Total (p = 0.0003), and FACT P-total (p < 0.0001) declined at 1 month after the last SBRT, then recovered, and returned to the same level as before treatment at 3-4 month. The decrease in QoL at the first month was particularly remarkable in patients who received long-term hormone injections (36% patients). One month after the end of SBRT, about 22% patients were "quite a bit” or more in trouble with any side effect. We showed the longitudinal changes of quality of life by FACT-P after SBRT for prostate cancer. Prostate SBRT appears to be overall well tolerated.
Effects of Lead Exposure on Blood Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy of Mice
Authors: Yang Binying , Xu Jia , Hu Shao , You Boning , Ma Qing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Lead is a nonessential heavy metal, which can inhibit heme synthesis and has significant cytotoxic effects. Nevertheless, its effect on the electrical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) remains unclear. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the electrical properties and the electrophysiological mechanism of lead exposure in mouse blood using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Methods: AC impedance method was used to measure the electrical impedance of healthy and lead exposure blood of mice in 0.01-100 MHz frequency range. Data characteristic of the impedance spectrum, Bodes plot, Nyquist plot and Nichols plot, and three elements equivalent circuit model were used to explicitly analyze the differences in amplitude-frequency, phase-frequency, and the frequency characteristic of blood in electrical impedance properties. Results: Compared with the healthy blood in control mice, the changes in blood exposed to lead was as follows: (I) the hematocrit decreased; (II) the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of electrical impedance decreased; (III) the characteristic frequencies ( f 0 ) were significantly increased; (IV) the electrical impedance of plasma, erythrocyte membrane, and hemoglobin decreased, while the conductivity increased. Conclusion: Therefore, EIS can be used as an effective method to monitor blood and RBCs abnormalities caused by lead-exposure.