bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsive Emulsions for Sequential Multienzyme Cascades
Authors: Sun Zhiyong , Zhao Qingcai , Haag Rainer , Wu Changzhu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMultienzyme cascade biocatalysis is an efficient synthetic process, avoiding the isolation/purification of intermediates and shifting the reaction equilibrium to the product side.. However, multienzyme systems are often limited by their incompatibility and cross‐reactivity. Herein, we report a multi‐responsive emulsion to proceed multienzyme reactions sequentially for high reactivity. The emulsion is achieved using a CO2, pH, and thermo‐responsive block copolymer as a stabilizer, allowing the on‐demand control of emulsion morphology and phase composition. Applying this system to a three‐step cascade reaction enables the individual optimal condition for each enzyme, and a high overall conversion (ca. 97 % of the calculated limit) is thereby obtained. Moreover, the multi‐responsiveness of the emulsion allows the facile and separate yielding/recycling of products, polymers and active enzymes. Besides, the system could be scaled up with a good yield.
Controlling the Stacking Modes of Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets through Host–Guest Noncovalent Interactions
Authors: Tang Wen‐Qi , Zhao Ying‐Jie , Xu Ming , Xu Jin‐Ya , Meng Sha‐Sha , Yin Yun‐Dong , Zhang Qing‐Hua , Gu Lin , Liu Da‐Huan , Gu Zhi‐Yuan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe tuning of metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosheet stacking modes from molecular level was rarely explored although it significantly affected the properties and applications of nanosheets. Here, the different stacking modes of Zr‐1, 3, 5‐(4‐carboxylphenyl)‐benzene framework nanosheets were synthesized through the induction of different host–guest noncovalent interactions. The solvents of methyl benzene and ethyl acetate induced twisted stacking of nanosheets with the specific rotation angles of 12°, 18°, 24° and 6°, 18°, 24°, 30°, respectively, which was in agreement with theoretical calculations. Meanwhile, the alkanes were likely to vertically enter the pores of Zr‐BTB nanosheets because of steric hindrance and hydrophobic interactions, resulting in the untwisted stacking of nanosheets. The untwisted ordered nanopores showed the excellent gas chromatographic separations of benzene derivative isomers, which was better than twisted nanosheets stacking and commercial columns. This work uncovers a rational strategy to control the stacking of two‐dimensional MOF nanosheets.
Silver‐Catalysed Hydroarylation of Highly Substituted Styrenes
Authors: Dalton Toryn , Greßies Steffen , Das Mowpriya , Niehues Maximilian , Schrader Malte L. , Gutheil Christian , Ravoo Bart Jan , Glorius Frank 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHydroarylation is an effective strategy to rapidly increase the complexity of organic structures by transforming flat alkene moieties into three‐dimensional frameworks. Many strategies have already been developed to achieve the hydroarylation of styrenes, however most of these reports examine the hydroarylation of unpolar, β‐mono‐ or β‐unsubstituted styrenes, while exploring mainly electron‐rich benzene nucleophiles. Herein, we report a mild and general catalytic system for the selective hydroheteroarylation of multiply substituted styrenes and heteroaromatic styrenes. Mechanistic analysis of the reaction led to the discovery of commercially available 2,2′:5′,2′′‐terthiophene as a key reagent.
Phenyl‐bonded monolithic silica capillary column liquid chromatographic separation and detection of fluorogenic derivatized intact proteins
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Wada Hiroo , Imai Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPrior to the identification of proteins for proteomics analysis in human cells, separation of fluorogenic derivatized proteins with a fluorogenic reagent, 7‐chloro‐N‐[2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl]‐2,1,3‐benzoxadiazole‐4‐sulfonamide, has typically been performed by using a conventional reversed‐phase HPLC column. However, the number of proteins in human cells (HepaRG) that are separated by this conventional approach is limited to approximately 500. In this study, a nanoflow liquid chromatography system with an evaluated phenyl‐bonded monolithic silica capillary column (0.1 mm i.d., 700 mm length) was used to increase the number of separated fluorogenic derivatized proteins. This system was used to separate derivatized human cell proteins (K562) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) proteins as model cell proteomes. More than 1,300 protein peaks were separated/detected from both cell proteomes. We present a straightforward comparison of multiple separation profiles using a novel chromatogram display approach, termed the “spiderweb” chromatogram. In addition, to validate that the detected peaks are derived from proteins, a mass spectrometer was connected to the capillary column and deconvolution of the obtained mass spectra was performed. Furthermore, different molecular weight distribution profiles of the expressed proteins were observed between the two cell proteomes.
The social identity perspective of social media leadership in collective action participation
Authors: Uysal Mete S. , Akfırat Serap A. , Cakal Huseyin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study examines the Gezi Park protests in Turkey by corroborating the idea that the process of social identity leadership through social media contributes to the formation of protestor identity, which, in turn, allows people to participate in collective action. Specifically, we argued that evaluations of social media posts in terms of the three dimensions of the Identity‐Leadership Model (ILM)—identity prototypicality, advancement and the entrepreneurship of leaders, play a crucial role in collective action participation via identification with newly shaped protestor group. To address this argument, a retrospective survey study was conducted with a sample of 403 Turkish citizens who participated in the Gezi Park protests. Analyses showed that the three dimensions of ILM predicted the identification with the emergent protestor group. Furthermore, people's evaluations of social media users regarding group prototypicality, identity advancement and the entrepreneurship dimensions, based on their social media posts predicted participation in the Gezi Park protests following the calls of different types of social media accounts (personal, anonymous and institutional). In addition to this, identification with the protestor group significantly mediated the relationships between evaluations on social media accounts' leadership features between participation in collective action. We believe that our findings show that social identity leadership through social media contributes to the formation of a protestor group and identity which in turn, helps explain participation in collective action.
Filling the Charge–Discharge Voltage Gap in Flexible Hybrid Zinc‐Based Batteries by Utilizing a Pseudocapacitive Material
Authors: Wang Ling , Wang Xiao‐Tong , Zhong Jia‐Huan , Xiao Kang , Ouyang Ting , Liu Zhao‐Qing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe high charge–discharge voltage gap is one of the main bottlenecks of zinc–air batteries (ZABs) because of the kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction/evolution reactions (ORR/OER) on the oxygen electrode side. Thus, an efficient bifunctional catalyst for ORR and OER is highly desired. Herein, honeycomb‐like MnCo2O4.5 spheres were used as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst. It was demonstrated that both ORR and OER catalytic activity are promoted by MnIV‐induced oxygen vacancy defects and multiple active sites. Importantly, the multivalent ions present in the material and its defect structure endow stable pseudocapacitance within the inactive region of ORR and OER; as a result, a low charge–discharge voltage gap (0.43 V at 10 mA cm−2) was achieved when it was employed in a flexible hybrid Zn‐based battery. This mechanism provides unprecedented and valuable insights for the development of next‐generation metal–air batteries.
Tenfold Metalation of Ferrocene: Synthesis, Structures, and Metallophilic Interactions in FeC10(HgX)10
Authors: Rupf Susanne Margot , Schröder Gabriel , Sievers Robin , Malischewski Moritz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe permercuration of ferrocene was achieved by reacting ferrocene with 10 equivalents of mercury(II) butyrate Hg(O2CC3H7)2 in a facile one‐pot reaction in multi‐gram scale and high yields. The butyrate groups in FeC10(HgX)10 (X=O2CC3H7) can be exchanged by treatment with trifluoro‐ or trichloroacetic acid (X=O2CCF3, O2CCCl3). Substitution of the trifluoroacetate groups by halides (X=Cl, F) proceeds easily in aqueous THF. The completeness of metalation was confirmed by NMR and vibrational spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, as well as elemental analysis. Additionally, the first crystal structures of permetallated metallocenes are presented: FeC10(HgX)10 (X=Cl, O2CCF3, O2CCCl3).
Fine‐scale spatial variation in fitness is comparable to disturbance‐induced fluctuations in a fire‐adapted species
Authors: Coutts Shaun R. , Quintana‐Ascencio Pedro F. , Menges Eric S. , Salguero‐Gómez Roberto , Childs Dylan Z. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe spatial scale at which demographic performance (e.g., net reproductive output) varies can profoundly influence landscape‐level population growth and persistence, and many demographically pertinent processes such as species interactions and resource acquisition vary at fine scales. We compared the magnitude of demographic variation associated with fine‐scale heterogeneity (<10 m), with variation due to larger‐scale (>1 ha) fluctuations associated with fire disturbance. We used a spatially explicit model within an IPM modeling framework to evaluate the demographic importance of fine‐scale variation. We used a measure of expected lifetime fruit production, EF, that is assumed to be proportional to lifetime fitness. Demographic differences and their effects on EF were assessed in a population of the herbaceous perennial Hypericum cumulicola (~2,600 individuals), within a patch of Florida rosemary scrub (400 × 80 m). We compared demographic variation over fine spatial scales to demographic variation between years across 6 yr after a fire. Values of EF changed by orders of magnitude over <10 m. This variation in fitness over fine spatial scales (<10 m) is commensurate to postfire changes in fitness for this fire‐adapted perennial. A life table response experiment indicated that fine‐scale spatial variation in vital rates, especially survival, explains as much change in EF as demographic changes caused by time‐since‐fire, a key driver in this system. Our findings show that environmental changes over a few tens of meters can have ecologically meaningful implications for population growth and extinction.
Regression of severe heart failure after combined left ventricular assist device placement and sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Nathan Sriram S. , Iranmanesh Pouya , Gregoric Igor D. , Akay Mehmet H. , Kumar Sachin , Akkanti Bindu H. , Salas de Armas Ismael A. , Patel Manish , Felinski Melissa M. , Shah Shinil K. , Bajwa Kulvinder S. , Kar Biswajit 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPatients who suffer morbid obesity and heart failure (HF) present unique challenges. Two cases are described where concomitant use of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement enabled myocardial recovery and weight loss resulting in explantation. A 29‐year‐old male patient with a body mass index (BMI) of 59 kg/m2 and severe HF with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 20–25% underwent concomitant LSG and LVAD placement. Sixteen months after surgery, his BMI was reduced to 34 kg/m2 and his LVEF improved to 50–55%. A second 41‐year‐old male patient with a BMI of 44.8 kg/m2 with severe HF underwent the same procedures. Twenty‐four months later, his BMI was 31.1 kg/m2 and his LVEF was 50–55%. In both cases, the LVAD was successfully explanted and patients remain asymptomatic. HF teams should consult and collaborate with bariatric experts to determine if LSG may improve the outcomes of their HF patients.
New Polymorphism for Ba3Zn2(BO3)3F with Two Polymorphs Exhibiting Anomalous Phase Transition
Authors: Chen Yanna , Zhang Wenyao , An Donghai , Abudoureheman Maierhaba , Chen Zhaohui , Mi Hongyu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA new polymorph of Ba3Zn2(BO3)3F, α‐Ba3Zn2(BO3)3F, was synthesized and its structure was determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The two polymorphous phases of Ba3Zn2(BO3)3F are referred to as α‐ and β‐Ba3Zn2(BO3)3F according to their synthesis temperature from low to high. Both structures exhibit a similar three‐dimensional (3D) framework, while the two‐dimensional (2D) 2∞[Zn2B2O7] layers in their structures show different configurations and feature diverse topological structures. Interestingly, an anomalous phase transition, that is, the high‐temperature β‐phase having a higher density, was observed and further confirmed by detailed structural analyses, which shows that the unusual density evolution mainly originates from the different configurations of 2∞[Zn2B2O7] layers. Moreover, the phase transformation was characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses.
Nanoscale properties of lead halide perovskites by scanning tunneling microscopy
Authors: Wieghold Sarah , Nienhaus Lea 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSince the introduction of lead halide perovskites, tremendous progress has been made regarding their stability, reproducibility and durability. However, one of the issues that remains is related to the interfacial atomic structure arrangement and structure‐property relationship under optical and electrical stimuli. In this critical review, we highlight the recent progress using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to understand the nanoscale properties and dynamic processes occurring in these halide perovskite materials. STM is known to be a very challenging technique, which is reflected by the low number of relevant publications in the last years. These initial reports mirror the unique potential of STM to give Ångstrom‐scale insight into the (opto)‐electronic properties, morphology and underlying electronic structure and provide a path toward harnessing the full potential of these materials. However, care must be taken to understand the effects of the perturbations caused by STM and tailor the measurement conditions accordingly.image
The Story of the AEA Competencies Task Force (2015–2018)
Authors: Tucker Susan A. , Barela Eric , Miller Robin Lin , Podems Donna R. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis chapter tells the story of American Evaluation Association's (AEA's) Competencies Task Force. During the 1990s, the AEA Board addressed issues related to the professionalization of the field, but chose not to move ahead with the development of competencies. Twenty years later, the global expansion of evaluation led to increasing professionalization around the world. In 2015, AEA's Board created a Competencies Task Force to formally address the issue of developing evaluator competencies for the association. This chapter describes the three‐year development process: the Task Force formation, its processes, the multiple forms of feedback solicited and received, the eventual outcomes, and emerging follow‐up strategies. It ends with a critique of the process by addressing what we believe the Task Force did well and what, in hindsight, it might have done differently.
Thermoelectric effect and devices on IVA and VA Xenes
Authors: Zhu Beibei , Chen Qichao , Jiang Siyao , Holt Milo , Zhu Weinan , Akinwande Deji , Tao Li 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEmerging Xenes, mostly group IVA and VA elemental two‐dimensional (2D) materials, have small and tunable band gaps between graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, giving versatile electrical properties. While their microelectronic or optoelectronic properties are being extensively explored, there remains a lack of study on Xenes' uniquely advantageous thermoelectric performance. This review highlights state‐of‐the‐art experimental and theoretical progress in the thermoelectric effect and devices of IVA and VA Xenes. Vertically displaced, a.k.a. “buckled” or “puckered,” atomic arrays result in exotic and tunable electrical or thermal transport behaviors. Different from chemical doping strategies usually employed in bulk thermoelectric materials, 2D Xenes can be tuned by physical means, such as atomic layer control and quantum confinement effects. A precise and compatible platform for 2D thermoelectric effect and devices study is available via the engagement between micro/nanofabrication of 2D Xene transistors and thermal property measurement techniques. This review also reveals potential thermoelectric applications of Xenes and their compounds (Bi2Te3, Bi2Se3, etc.), such as accurate stretchable temperature sensors, fast terahertz photodetectors, and so on.image
ROR1‐AS1 knockdown inhibits growth and invasion and promotes apoptosis in NSCLC cells by suppression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway
Authors: Li Fengbo , Gu Fengming , Li Qian , Zhai Chaoshuan , Gong Rui , Zhu Xuezhuan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe role of ROR1‐AS1 in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the functional role of ROR1‐AS1 in NSCLC and to explore the underlying mechanisms. 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐tetrazolium bromide assay was performed to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay was performed to evaluate cell invasive ability. Cell apoptotic rates and caspase‐3/7 activity were determined to evaluate apoptosis. The expression levels of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway‐related proteins were measured using Western blot analysis. Results showed that ROR1‐AS1 expression was upregulated in NSCLC samples. Knockdown of ROR1‐AS1 inhibited the viability and invasive ability of NSCLC cells. Knockdown of ROR1‐AS1 induced apoptotic rate and caspase‐3/7 activity and suppressed xenograft NSCLC tumor growth. In addition, ROR1‐AS1 knockdown inhibited the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in NSCLC cells. However, treatment with 740Y‐P prevented the effects of si‐ROR1‐AS1 on viability, invasive ability, and apoptosis of NSCLC cells. These findings implied that ROR1‐AS1 played an oncogenic role in NSCLC via regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Structural, spectral, electronic, and molecular docking investigations on N,N‐dimethyl‐2‐[(1E)‐({[(methylsulfanyl)methanethioyl]amino}imino)methyl]aniline
Authors: Bingöl Alpaslan Yelda , Sert Yusuf , Sohtun Winaki P. , Velusamy Marappan , Gökce Halil 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this research, a joint theoretical and experimental investigation was performed on the structural and spectral data (FT‐IR, Laser‐Raman, NMR, and UV–vis) of N,N‐dimethyl‐2‐[(1E)‐({[(methylsulfanyl)methanethioyl]amino}imino)methyl]aniline molecule. The theoretical electronic structure analyses were fulfilled by the density functional theory at the B3LYP level with the 6‐311++G(d,p) basis set in the gas phase of the isolated compound at the ground state. The vibrational works were analyzed in terms of potential energy distribution analysis to make the assignments of fundamental vibrational frequencies and the assigned modes of the title compound were compared with the reported experimental vibrational data. Later, Hirshfeld surface analysis over crystalline structure of the title compound was made to define the possible inter‐molecular interactions. In addition, the HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital), LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), UV–vis, and molecular electrostatic potential analyses were done. The molecular docking investigation was done in order to analyze the presence of interactions between the title ligand compound and the receptor protein 2VN0.
Synthesis, photooxygenation, and characterization of new angular furoquinolinone derivatives, a new furocoumarin bioisoster
Authors: Elgogary Sameh , Abd Elghafar Hoda , Mashaly Mohammad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSynthesis of angular furoquinolinone derivatives with a new skeleton structure was accomplished via Williamson reaction of hydroxyquinolinones with α‐haloketones, such as 3‐chloro‐2‐butanone and phenacyl bromide, followed by treatment with polyphosphoric acid (PPA). The synthesized angular furoquinolinones were photooxygenated in chloroform or dimethyl formamide and in the presence of tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) as a singlet oxygen sensitizer (1O2). The photooxygenation reactions furnished the photocleaved product through the [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. All photoproducts were isolated and fully characterized by spectral analyses.
Chemerin located in bone marrow promotes osteogenic differentiation and bone formation via Akt/Gsk3β/β‐catenin axis in mice
Authors: Li Jun , Zhang Ting , Huang Chenglong , Xu Min , Xie Wenhua , Pei Qilin , Xie Xinxin , Wang Bin , Li Xi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractChemerin, a secreted protein mainly produced by adipocytes and hepatocytes, plays a variety of roles in endocrine or paracrine signaling. As reported in human epidemiology, chemerin was correlated with osteoporosis. And the previous in vitro study found that chemerin knockdown promoted osteogenesis and inhibited adipogenesis. However, the function of chemerin in bone metabolism and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we uncovered the in vivo function of chemerin in bone homeostasis. We discovered that in obese mice, chemerin was increased in serum, while decreased in the bone marrow; and the chemerin expression in bone tissue was positively correlated with osteogenic genes. To further investigate the function of chemerin in bone metabolism, we generated chemerin deficiency and overexpression mice. We found bone mass and osteogenesis were decreased in chemerin deficiency mice, while were increased in chemerin overexpression mice. Furthermore, we observed that the chemerin expression increased during osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Besides, we verified that chemerin promoted osteogenic differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells and BMSCs through Akt/Gsk3β/β‐catenin axis. Treatment with Akt inhibitor (MK2206) abolished the promoting effect of chemerin on osteogenic differentiation and active β‐catenin. Together, our results suggest chemerin in bone marrow, not in serum, promotes osteogenic differentiation and bone formation via Akt/Gsk3β/β‐catenin axis. Chemerin may serve as a therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis.
Archetypal autophagic players through new lenses for bone marrow stem/mature cells regulation
Authors: Agas Dimitrios , Sabbieti Maria Giovanna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe bone marrow landscape consists of specialized and stem/progenitor cells, which coordinate important tissue‐related and systemic physiological features. Within the marrow cavity, stem/progenitor and differentiated hematopoietic and skeletal cells congregate into dynamic functional assemblies throughout specific anatomical regions, termed niches. There is a need for better understanding of the bone marrow microareas, through exploration of the intramural physical and molecular interactions of the distinctive cell populations. The elective liaisons established among the mesenchymal/stromal stem cell and hematopoietic stem cell lineage trees play a key role in orchestrating the stem/mature cell behavior and customized hierarchies within bone marrow cell populations. Recently, the autophagic apparatus has been discovered to be an important feature of bone marrow homeostasis. Autophagy‐related factors involved in the labyrinthic and highly dynamic bone marrow workshop redesign the niche framework by coordinating the operational schedule of pluripotent stem and mature cells. The following report summarizes the most recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the intramural relationships between bone marrow cells and key autophagic mediators. Doubtless, the consideration of the autophagy‐related and unrelated functions of main players, such as p62, Atg7, Atg5, and Beclin‐1 remains a compelling task to thoroughly understand the complex relations between the heterogenic cell types that populate bone marrow.