bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active Supplementation With Magnesium Sulfate May Be Associated With Worse Prognosis in Sepsis: A Retrospective Analysis of The MIMIC-IV Database
Authors: Li Lulan , Zhou Shiyu , Huang Qiaobing , Hu Hongbin , Wu Jie , Chen Zhongqing , An Shengli , Zeng Zhenhua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Magnesium plays pivotal roles in physiological processes. Previous studies have shown that magnesium acts as an important mediator in ameliorating cellular injury and preventing the release of proinflammatory cytokines in septic patients. Therefore, we speculated that the serum magnesium ion level may affect the outcome of sepsis. However, research in this area is rarely reported and it is worth exploring.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study based on the MIMIC-IV database. According to the time-weighted magnesium levels during the ICU stay, we analyzed the relationship between serum magnesium levels and 28-day mortality and 90-day mortality using a time-dependent Cox proportional hazard model and restricted cubic splines. Additionally, we examined the effect of magnesium sulfate supplementation on prognosis with a time-fixed and time-dependent Cox model and restricted cubic splines.Results: In total, 8175 patients were included in this study. Patients with hypo-, normo- and hypermagnesemia were 22.87%, 66.84%, and 10.29%, respectively. When adjusted for confounders, hypermagnesemia was significantly associated with both 28-day mortality (HR=1.42, 95% CI=1.23-1.64, p<0.001) and 90-day mortality (HR=1.42, 95% CI=1.24-1.64, p<0.001). However, no significant difference was found between hypomagnesemia and mortality of septic patients (28-day mortality: HR=1.09, 95% CI=0.86-1.37, p=0.486, 90-day mortality: HR=1.06, 95%=0.85-1.34, p=0.573). For those who received magnesium sulfate supplementation, there was no significant difference among hypo-, normo-, and hypermagnesemia before MgSO4 supplementation. Interestingly, subsequent hypermagnesemia (28-day mortality: HR=1.44, 95% CI=1.17-1.78, p=0.001, 90-day mortality: HR=1.43, 95% CI=1.16-1.77, p=0.001), and even still hypomagnesemia (28-day mortality: HR=1.51, 95% CI=1.15-1.99, p=0.003, 90-day mortality: HR=1.53, 95% CI=1.18-1.99, p=0.001) after MgSO4 supplement were significantly associated with increased 28-day and 90-day mortality after adjustment for confounders.Conclusion: Hypermagnesemia was significantly associated with higher risk of 28-day mortality and 90-day mortality. Active supplementation with magnesium sulfate may be associated with a worse prognosis in sepsis.
A Multi-Method Approach to Modeling COVID-19 Disease Dynamics in the United States
Authors: Mokhtari Amir , Mineo Cameron , Kriseman Jeffrey , Kremer Pedro , Neal Lauren , Larson John 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a multi-method modeling approach to community-level COVID-19 disease spread. Our methodology was composed of interconnected age-stratified system dynamics models in an agent-based modeling framework that allowed for a granular examination of the scale and severity of disease spread including metrics such as infection cases, deaths, hospitalizations, and ICU usage. Model parameters were calibrated using an optimization technique with an objective function to minimize error associated with the cumulative cases of COVID-19 during a training period between March 15 and October 31, 2020. We outlined several case studies to demonstrate the model’s state- and local-level projection capabilities. We further demonstrated how model outcomes could be used to access perceived levels of COVID-19 risk across different localities using a multi-criteria decision analysis framework. The model’s two, three, and four week out-of-sample projection errors varied on a state-by-state basis, and generally increased as the out-of-sample projection period was extended. Additionally, the error in the state-level projections was generally due to an underestimation of cases and an overestimation of deaths. The proposed modeling approach can be used as a virtual laboratory to investigate a wide range of what-if scenarios and easily adapted to future high-consequence public health threats.
Interval Estimation of Motion Intensity Variation using the Improved Inception-V3 Model
Authors: Wang Wendong , Li Hanhao , Zhao Chengzhi , Kong Dezhi , Zhang Peng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the process of acute resistance exercise, repeated variation in motion intensity can lead to muscle fatigue and heart failure. Therefore, acquiring the interval of motion intensity variation in time the training pattern and effect can be improved by acquiring the interval of motion intensity variation. In order to achieve this goal, an improved Inception-V3 model is proposed for motion intensity variation interval estimation. The MIVIE(Motion Intensity Variation Interval Estimation) dataset consisting of Strong, Moderate, Weak groups achieve centralized and uninterrupted collection. Then, the multi-modal fusion vectors of time-frequency eigenvalues are stacked up to 227 × 227 grayscale images fed into improved inception-CNN. Finally, the manipulator's trajectory optimization is completed under the guidance of ATO-DQN (Adaptive Trajectory Optimization-Deep Q Network) algorithm based on the motion intensity interval estimation. This work can improve the non-stationary effect of motor speed caused by changes in motion intensity during rehabilitation, which can better guarantee the safety of patients.
Accuracy of Conventional and Novel Scoring Systems in Predicting Severity and Outcomes in Acute Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wu Qing , Wang Jie , Qin Mengbin , Yang Huiying , Liang Zhihai , Tang Guodu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Backgroud: Recently there are several novel scoring systems to evaluate the severity and outcomes of acute pancreatitis. This study is to compare the effectiveness of novel and traditional scoring systems for predicting severity and outcomes in acute pancreatitis.Methods: Patients between January 2003 and August 2020 were reviewed. Ranson score (RS), Glasgow score (GS), beside index of severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP), pancreatic activity scoring system (PASS), and Chinese simple scoring system (CSSS) were determined within 48h after admission. Multivariate logistic regression was used for severity, mortality, and organ failure prediction. Optimum cutoffs were identified using ROC analysis.Results: A total of 1848 patients were included. AUCs of RS, GS, BISAP, PASS, and CSSS for severity prediction were 0.861, 0.865, 0.829, 0.778, and 0.816, respectively. AUCs for mortality prediction were 0.693, 0.736, 0.789, 0.858, and 0.759. AUCs for ARDS prediction were 0.745, 0.784, 0.834, 0.936, and 0.820. AUCs for ARF prediction were 0.707, 0.734, 0.781, 0.868, and 0.816.Conclusions: RS, and GS predict severity superior to mortality and organ failure while PASS predicts mortality and organ failure better. BISAP and CSSS shared steady capacity in severity and outcomes prediction.
HSYA inhibits Aβ1-42 -induced neuroinflammation by promoting microglial M2 polarization via TREM2/TLR4/NF- κB pathway in BV-2 cells.
Authors: Ren Mengqiao , Zhang Mengyu , Zhang Xiaoyan , Wang Chunhui , Zheng Yanjie , Hu Yan-li 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), an extract from Carthamus tinctorius L. Dry flowers (Compositae). HSYA has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in several AD models. However, the exact mechanisms of HSYA regulate neuroinflammation have still not been clarified. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which HSYA regulates microglia activation and neuroinflammation via TREM2, and further clarified its underlying molecular mechanism. We silenced TREM2 in BV-2 cells and evaluated the expression of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13). The results showed that HSYA could up-regulate cell activity and improve the morphology of BV-2 cells injured by Aβ1−42. HSYA up-regulated expression of M1 markers (iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6) and down-regulated expression of M2 markers (Arg-1, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) by TREM2, and changed microglia from M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype to M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. HSYA inhibited the activation of TLR4/ NF-κB transduction pathway induced by Aβ1−42 by up-regulating TREM2, and regulated the transcription of inflammatory cytokines by downstream transcription factors NF-κB p65 and IκB-α. In conclusion, HSYA regulated microglial inflammatory phenotype by regulating microglial (M1/M2) polarization in Aβ1−42-induced BV-2 cells which may be mediated through TREM2/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality Among Suspected Stroke Patients, Mashhad, Iran: An Application of Autologistic Regression Model
Authors: Shakeri Mohammad Taghi , Nazar Isa , Saki Azadeh , Yousefi Razieh , Hadianfar Ali , Sasannezhad Payam , jafari Zahra 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Stroke is the second leading cause of death in adults worldwide. There are remarkable geographical variations in the accessibility to emergency medical services (EMS), and transport delays have been documented worldwide to affect stroke outcomes significantly. Therefore, this study examines whether there are spatial variations in in-hospital mortality among suspected stroke patients transferred by EMS and attempts to determine its related factors using the auto logistic regression model.
Methods

In this historical cohort study, suspected stroke patients transferred to Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad by the EMS from April 2018 to March 2019 were included. Using emergency mission IDs, the baseline EMS data were integrated with the follow-up hospital records. The autologistic regression model was applied to examine the possible geographical variations in in-hospital mortality and its related factors. All analysis was carried out by SPSS version 16 and R 4.0.0 at the significant level of 0.05.
Results

1,222 suspected stroke patients were included in this study, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 14.2%. Overall in-hospital stroke mortality was related to age, accessibility rate of an ambulance, screening time, and length of stay (p < 0.05). After stratifying by sex, we observed that mortality in men was related to age and length of stay, whereas, in women, variables of age, length of stay, accessibility rate of an ambulance, and screening time had a significant effect on in-hospital mortality among suspected stroke patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusion

Our results showed considerable geographical variations in in-hospital stroke mortality in Mashhad neighborhoods. Also, age- and sex-adjusted results from this study highlight the direct association between accessibility rate of an ambulance, screening time and length of stay, and in-hospital stroke mortality. The prognosis of in-hospital stroke mortality could be improved by reducing delay time and increasing the EMS access rate.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons removal from aqueous solution with PABA-MCM-41/polyethersulfone mixed matrix membranes
Authors: Costa José Arnaldo S. , Sarmento Victor H. V. , Romão Luciane P. C. , Paranhos Caio M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the most recalcitrant pollutant originated from the burning of coal, petroleum, and other fossil fuels. The human exposure to PAHs may contribute to develop several carcinogenesis mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to develop a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) based on polyethersulfone (PES) and functionalized mesoporous material for the remediation of PAHs mixture by adsorption processes. MCM-41-based mesoparticles were obtained from biomass reuse of rice husk ash (RHA) and functionalized with p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). The hydrothermal and casting methods were effective and sustainable in the preparation of PABA-MCM-41 and PES-based MMMs, respectively. PES-based MMMs presented an excellent distribution of the arrays incorporated and small-angle ordering. The absorption of PAHs was influenced by the incorporation of PABA-MCM-41 within the PES matrix.
Low temperature magnetic properties of erbium doped Bismuth nano-ferrites
Authors: Gadwala Naveena , Ravinder D , Edapalli Sumalatha , K Vani , Thota Rajender 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nano-crystalline Pure and Erbium(Er) substituted Bismuth ferrite nano-particles were synthesized by the citrate-gel auto combustion method. Synthesized powders were sintered at 5000C for five hours in an air and characterized by XRD, TEM and HR-TEM. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed distorted rhombohedral structure of the ferrites. The surface morphology and particle size of the samples was observed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The lattice parameter, crystalline size, X-ray density has been calculated from d-spacing. The perceived results can be explained depending on doping concentration. Temperature dependence of magnetic properties of Bi-Er nano-particles were carried out by using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The magnetization as a function of applied field at ± 100 Oe was carried out at 3K and 300K. Zero field cooled and (ZFC) and Field cooled (FC) magnetization measurements under an applied of 100 Oe in the temperature range of 3-360K. These measurements give the results of blocking temperature (Tb) at around 350K.
Metabo-tip: a Metabolomics Platform for Lifestyle Monitoring
Authors: Brunmair Julia , Bileck Andrea , Stimpfl Thomas , Raible Florian , Favero Giorgia Del , Meier-Menches Samuel M. , Gerner Christopher 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Exposure to bioactive compounds from nutrition, pharmaceuticals, environmental contaminants or other lifestyle habits may affect the human organism. To gain insight into the effects of these influences, as well as the fundamental biochemical mechanisms behind them, molecular profiling seems promising. To address this problem, we developed an assay for the analysis of sweat, collected from finger tips, using mass spectrometry – by far the most comprehensive and sensitive method for such analyses. To evaluate this assay, called metabo-tip, we exposed volunteers to various xenobiotics using standardized protocols and investigated their metabolic response. As early as 15 minutes after the consumption of a cup of coffee, 50g of dark chocolate or a serving of citrus fruits, significant changes in the sweat composition of the finger tips could be observed, providing relevant information in regards to the ingested substances. This included bioactive compounds such as natural flavonoids as well as potential hazardous substances such as pesticides. Furthermore, the identification of metabolites from nicotine after cigarette smoking and metabolites from orally ingested medications such as metamizole indicated the applicability of this assay to observe specific enzymatic processes. Remarkably, we found that the sweat composition fluctuated in a diurnal rhythm, supporting the hypothesis that the composition of sweat can be influenced by endogenous metabolic activities. This was further corroborated by the finding that histamine was significantly increased in the metabo-tip assay in individuals with allergic reactions. Metab-tip may thus enable direct access to individual metabolic profiles and may thus support predictive preventive personalised medicine (PPPM).
Flood Vulnerability Assessment Using the Triangular Fuzzy Number-based Analytic Hierarchy Process and Support Vector Machine Model for the Belt and Road Region
Authors: Duan Yu , Xiong Junnan , Cheng Weiming , Wang Nan , Li Yi , He Yufeng , Liu Jun , He Wen , Yang Gang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Floods are one of the most serious natural disasters. Flood disaster losses in the developing countries in the Belt and Road region are more than twice the global average. However, to date, the extent of the vulnerability of the Belt and Road Region remains poorly understood. This study sought to address this knowledge gap. In this study, the flood vulnerability throughout the Belt and Road region was evaluated by adopting the triangular fuzzy number-based analytic hierarchy process (TFN-AHP) and the support vector machine (SVM) model. According to the results, the vulnerability of most areas (47,105,300 km2) is low or extremely low, accounting for 93% of the Belt and Road region. The highly-vulnerable areas (accounting for 3.54%) are primarily concentrated in the southern and eastern parts of China, northern India, most areas of Bangladesh, the Indus Valley in Pakistan, the Nile River Basin in Egypt, and the central region of Indonesia. From a local perspective, in the Belt and Road region, many major cities have higher vulnerability, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Hong Kong. Compared with the three typical cities, the level of vulnerability in other cities (including Bangkok, Bangalore, Cairo, Riyadh, and Moscow) is lower, due to their higher disaster reduction capability. Thus, these highly vulnerable regions and cities coincide with areas characterized by frequent economic activity and dense populations. Based on these results, this study provides scientific and technological evidence for the prevention and mitigation of flood disasters in the countries along the Belt and Road region.
Anti-TB Evaluation of Novel 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-Ones and in Silico Studies of The Active Compounds
Authors: Dutta Apurba , Trivedi Priyanka , Gogoi Dipshikha , Chetia Pankaj , Chaturvedi Vinita , Sarma Diganta 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In vitro anti-tubercular activity of a series of 15 novel 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one analogues were evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (ATCC 25177 strain). Among the series, seven compounds showed moderate to good anti-TB activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 25.0-12.5 μg/mL. Further, in silico experiments were carried out to identify the probable ligand-protein interaction. Molecular docking of the target compounds into the active site of enzymes 1DQY Antigen 85C from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and 2NSD Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase reveals notable information on the possible binding interactions.
5G Multi-Carrier Modulation Techniques: Prototype Filters, Power Spectral Density, and Bit Error Rate Performance
Authors: Nilofer Shaik , Malik Praveen Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In recent years for fourth-generation wireless communication systems Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) multi-carrier modulation (MCM) has been an excellent choice. But for the fifth-generation air interface, the choice of multi-carrier modulation remains the biggest challenge. A potential multi-carrier modulation or candidate waveforms are required for the design of the physical layer. This paper highlights the merits and limitations of new candidate waveforms for fifth-generation wireless communication system. This paper mainly reviews Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, Filtered-OFDM (F-OFDM), Universal Frequency Division Multiplexing (UFMC), Filtered Bank Multi-Carrier Modulation (FBMC), and Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM). This paper mainly reviews some of the comparisons of the parameters as power spectral density and bit error rate.
Study on the Abrasive Retention Capacity&nbsp;on the Surface of Electroplated Diamond&nbsp;Wire Saw
Authors: Zheng Jintao , Xie Qian , Ge Peiqi , Meng Jianfeng , Bi Wenbo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The quality and efficiency of slicing will be reduced if the abrasives on the surface of diamond wire saw shed in sawing. Generally, the diamond abrasives are held on the surface of electroplated diamond wire saw by a nickel-plated layer, and the abrasive retention state, reflecting abrasive shedding, can be characterized by the plastic deformation of the plating layer at the interface between the nickel-plated layer and the abrasive. To gain an in-depth understanding of the abrasive shedding mechanism, a finite element model of the double-cone diamond abrasive embedded in a nickel-plated layer was established in this paper to research the effects of the residual compressive stress and hardness of the nickel-plated layer as well as the protrusion height of the diamond abrasive on the abrasive retention capacity. The results show that the presence of the residual compressive stress in the nickel-plated layer resulted in the decrease of the abrasive retention capacity. And the higher hardness of the nickel-plated layer could enhance its abrasive retention capacity. Furthermore, the depth of the diamond abrasive inside the nickel-plated layer was decreased with the increase of its protrusion height, which would reduce the abrasive retention capacity. Based on the results of the finite element analysis, a calculation procedure of abrasive shedding rate was presented. Subsequently, the slicing experiment of a single crystal silicon rod was carried out by the Meyer Burger RTD6800 multi-wire sawing machine and the electroplated diamond wire saw with a core wire diameter of 65μm. The abrasive shedding rate of the diamond wire saw caused by sawing was analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The research work is of great significance to improve the quality detection and evaluation of electroplated diamond wire saw.
Giant pediatric intracranial tumor: Size feature and surgical strategy
Authors: Zhang Zhongding , Fang Huangyi , Jing Xiepan , Pang Cheng , Yang Yue , Zhou Lingli , Bai Guanghui , Sheng Hangsong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To quantify the size of the giant pediatric intracranial tumor (GPIT), analyze the character of GPIT and optimize the management of GPIT.Materials and methods: This study analyzes the clinical data of 36 cases of GPIT at a center from January 2015 to August 2020. The volume of GPITs were measured by 3D slicer software based on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Result: The mean volume of GPITs is 110.7ml, with the maximum volume 619.8ml and the minimum volume 27.3ml. Hemisphere held the largest mean volume of GPIT among all locations, including 7 cases whose volume is over 100ml. There is no statistical difference in volume of GPIT between sex. The most common sites of GPITs are hemisphere and cerebellum. Other locations include ventricle, sellar-parasellar region and cerebropontine angle. Medulloblastoma is the most common postoperative histopathological type, other types contain ependymoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT), choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC), choroid plexus papilloma（CPP）, oligodendroglioma, primitive neuroectoderm tumor (PNET), immature teratoma and yolk sac tumor. 28 cases achieved total resections while 4 cases only achieved subtotal resections. The patient with giant immature teratoma died during the operation because of bleeding. High-grade malignant tumors indicate poorer prognosis.Conclusion: GPIT is a common disease in children with unfavorable prognosis, especially in high-grade malignant tumors like CPC, PNET and AR/RT. Volume measurement based on MRI is an effective approach to access and compare the sizes of GPITs. Operation can expend the survival periods of the patients. Surgical strategies should be chosen according to the location and pathological feature of the tumors.