bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood among Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Ganeva S , Todorova K. , Lukanov Ts. , Rayanova G. , Blajeva S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the lymphocyte (lymph) subpopulations in peripheral blood as a part of the immune response among patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DMT1) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2).

Patients and methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, comparative, “case-control” study was conducted among 22 patients with DMT1 and 70 patients with DMT2. The levels of lymph subtypes [general nonspecific T-lymph (CD3+); T-helper lymph (CD4+); T-cytotoxic lymph (CD8+), natural killers [NK cells (CD3\ CD16+/CD56)] and B-lymph (CD19+)] in blood was measured and compared by flow-cytometric analisys (FAC Sort, BD).

Results were compared to those of 21 healthy persons. The data was processed using the statistics software. Results: Patients with DMT1 had longer duration of the disease, compared to patients with DMT2. No significant differences between arterial blood pressure, НвА1с levels and lipid profile among the patients with DMT1 and DMT2 were present. There were no differences in the total leukocyte count between the groups (DMT1-6,91 ± 1,32.109/l; DMT2-7,28 ± 1,85.109/l; controls-6,89 ± 1,07.109/l). The results from the flowcytometric investigation showed significantly higher absolute number of T-all lymph (CD3+), Th lymph (CD4+) and all NK (CD3\ CD16+/CD56), as well as a lower absolute number of Ts (CD8+) and B (CD19+) lymph among the diabetic patients compared to healthy subjects. The Th/Ts ratio in patients with DMT1 (2,02 ± 0,44) and DMT2 (2,36 ± 0,37) was also significantly higher compared to ratio of controls (1,02 ± 0,06). No significant differences were noted in the lymph subpopulations between the two groups with DM.

Conclusions: Changes of lymph types in peripheral blood in diabetic patients demonstrate immune activation and dysregulation among the two types of diabetes.
Effects of Probiotics on Human Health and Disease: A Review
Authors: Amiri A. , Firoozeh F. , Zibaei M. , Khaledi A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Alteration of the gut microbiome in order to achieve a balance in the normal flora of the intestine could be very beneficial in maintaining the health of the human. Probiotics are living microbial supplements that are added to the diet and have beneficial effects on the host by improving the balance of the intestinal microflora. The purpose of this study is to review previous studies on the effects of probiotics on human health and various diseases. The Farsi and English electronic databases such as, SID, Iranmedex, Magiran, Google Scholar, PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge were searched and the published articles that have studied the effects of probiotics on the prevention and treatment of various diseases were included in the study. The review of published articles related to the subject showed that consumption of probiotics, prebiotics and proper diet have the significant effects on the health of the digestive system and has reduced and improved symptoms of different disorders and diseases. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of probiotic function and confirm the role of the probiotics in preventing and treating various types of cancers and other diseases.
Marketing Automation: Marketing Utopia or Marketing Dystopia?
Authors: Wertenbroch Klaus 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Automated and personalized interactions may increase the relevance of marketing offers, but they also have less positive economic and psychological consequences for consumers. Machine learning-based prediction algorithms can approximate individuals’ preferences and their willingness to pay at ever greater levels of precision, and companies can use this knowledge to charge higher individual prices. Typically, consumers freely hand over all the information necessary to reveal their preferences and it seems that they underestimate the value of their personal data. And there is another discomforting aspect of giving away personal data. It means giving up privacy and as a result loosing autonomy.
Preventing negative outcomes is typically a task for regulators but finding solutions can be difficult. Therefore, companies need to address consumer concerns in their policies as well. To avoid dystopia, managers need to take consumer psychology into account and resist the temptation to maximize short-term profits at the cost of consumers. Avoiding marketing dystopia is in the best interest of all market participants – at least with a longer-term perspective.
Ghosts in the Dark: How to Prepare for Times of Hyper-Privacy
Authors: Thomaz Felipe 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Even the dark web has its bright sides because it can be used as an unregulated testbed for technologies that will eventually appear on the surface. Also, it is a useful place to study consumer privacy and have a view of what the surface world might look like under an extreme level of consumer data protection. In such a world, even our best customers might look like never-before-seen individuals, until they decide to reveal themselves. If there is trust, and a worthwhile value exchange, consumers might be willing to share their data and not enact all of the hyper-privacy available to them. To seize the opportunities, companies should take stock of their customer relationships, hone their data needs, and learn what information is critical, advantageous, or irrelevant for their context. They should implement initiatives that drive choice carefully, in a trustful relationship.
Sleep Problems in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Review.
Authors: Carmona Nicole 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by severe impairments in communication and social interactions, and the presence of restrictive and repetitive behaviours. In addition to these characteristic problem behaviours, sleep problems are common among the majority of children with an ASD and may reflect an additional component of the disorder’s phenotype, rather than a comorbid condition. Sleep disorders in this population place a lot of stress on the family, contributing to more severe stereotypic behaviours and hyperactivity during the daytime and disturbing the sleep of already-stressed family members. Objective: This poster seeks to summarize the research on the types of sleep problems seen in ASD, factors implicated in the aetiology of sleep problems, and how we might assess and treat these problems. Method: A literature review was conducted using the phrases “autism spectrum disorder” and “sleep problems.” Selected articles pertained to the study of prevalence, type, and predictors of sleep problems, their assessment, and their treatment. Results: Thirty-seven articles were reviewed. Children with ASD experience more sleep disorders than typically developing children and children with other neurodevelopmental disorders. Contributing factors include more severe symptomatology, neurobiology, and psychiatric conditions. Most behavioural and pharmacological treatments lack evidence in the literature. Conclusion: The impact of sleep problems in ASD on the family emphasizes the need for research on their effective treatment and the delineation of the role of sleep problems in ASD’s phenotype.
РОЛЬ ТВОРЧОЇ СПАДЩИНИ М. ЛИСЕНКА У ФОРМУВАННІ МУЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ УЧНІВСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ
Authors: Медвідь Тетяна 
Published: May 2021

У статті розкрито значення інструментальних, хорових, сценічних і камерно-вокальних творів М. Лисенка у формуванні музичної культури учнів загальноосвітніх навчальних закладів та висвітлено виховний вплив його музики на розвиток особистості. Проведено аналіз хорових збірок для дітей і творів композитора, запропонованих для слухання та сприймання у загальноосвітніх школах. Розглянуто педагогічну модель їх використання в освітньому процесі та розкрито методику вивчення творів М. Лисенка на уроках музичного мистецтва.
КОМПЕТЕНТНІСНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА МЕДИЧНОЇ СЕСТРИ У ШВЕЙЦАРІЇ: ПРОФЕСІЙНА, ЕТИЧНА, ПРАВОВА ПРАКТИКА
Authors: Хміляр Ірена 
Published: May 2021

У статті висвітлено компетентнісну характеристику медичної сестри у Швейцарії, зокрема у сфері професійної, етичної та правової практики. Виконано аналіз науково-педагогічної та медичної літератури, що висвітлює окремі аспекти проблеми дослідження. Досліджено особливості Рамки компетентностей медсестринства, розробленої Міжнародною радою медичних сестер. Відображено знання, вміння і навички ліцензованої практикуючої медичної сестри у Швейцарії, що необхідні для організації та реалізації догляду за пацієнтами з урахуванням професійного, етичного та правового контекстів. Наголошено на необхідності оволодіння як фаховими, так і соціальними навичками. Представлено висновки, сформовані на основі дослідження досвіду Швейцарії. Визначено перспективи подальших досліджень.
Financial Wellbeing and Mental Health: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hassan Mohd Faizul , Mohd Hassan Naffisah , Kassim Erne Suzila , Utoh Said Yahya Mahyuddin 
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to identify and appraise literatures on relationships between financial well-being and mental health. Conducting a systematic review on what is available from the literature is fundamental as a mean for keeping track of the study progress and synthesizing the emerging setting. The search was performed using related keywords of the two constructs from Psychinfo, Scopus and Google Scholar databases between the year 2001 and 2019. The initial search yields a combination of 2,222 papers and after performing the exclusion criteria, a total of 37 documents were used as the data. Analyses of the studies were conducted to answer the questions of what are the measures of financial wellbeing and mental health and how does financial wellbeing affect mental health? The findings suggest a diverse perspective of financial wellbeing and the term financial hardship, financial situation, financial strain, financial stress and financial security that carry similar meaning were used in literature. There were also various indicators that measure mental health and the use of CES-D, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), general health questionnaire (GHQ-28), Mental Health Index (MHI-5), International Diagnostic Interview (WHO-CIDI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Goldberg Depression and Anxiety Scales, Depression Anxiety Stress (DASS-21) and Kessler 10 Measure of Psychological Distress (K10) was common. There is an increasing trend of the study and also consistent findings that indicate for a significant relationship between financial wellbeing and mental health. Hence, taking proactive prevention to keep healthy financial wellbeing such as financial educating and financial literacy is very crucial to reduce the burden of mental depression, and further the burden of healthcare and social protection.
Past, present and future of ecotourism, a systematic literature review from last decade.
Authors: Ismail Fadillah , Imran Amina , Khan Nohman , Qureshi Muhammad Imran 
Published: May 2021

The environmental appreciation calls for broader concern to people and organizations around the world toward environmental sustainability while travelling. The contribution of this study is to review the literature of the last five years, from 2011 to 2020, from the Scopus database, which relates to the topic of ecotourism. The PRISMA statement concept is used to explain the process of selection and rejections of articles for the literature review. Finally, 47 articles are reviewed, selected, and analyzed to fill the existing theoretical gap of ecotourism. The outcomes of the literature are classified according to three main sections include the authors, variables used or tested, and the core findings. Inevitably, this literature review concludes that ecotourism leads to tourism which aims to protect the environment while progressing the economic growth without the need to scarify the nature and the habitats of flora and faunas. It is also a growing trend, which ecotourism can be widely publicist through social media forums with the key aim to preserve nature and attain environmental sustainability.
Development of Service Quality Model as Determinants toward Banking Performance
Authors: Susan Marcellia , Winarto Jacinta , Gunawan Ika 
Published: May 2021

Banking services are required by companies to support operation and finance activities. Likewise, the general public is also assisted by banks for various financial transactions. Descriptive research was used to obtain depiction of the quality of banking services, both private and government banks in Indonesia. This study also analyzes banking performance and its determinants. Hypothesis testing is done to verify the effect of the service quality dimensions on banking performance, Hypothesis testing is done to verify the effect of the service quality dimensions on banking performance, and the results show that Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Tangibles are determinants of Banking Performance. The results of the study can be utilized by private banks to maintain or improve the service quality in order to provide better services for the community, which in turn can also improve performance.
Thailand Foreign Direct Investment to CLMV Countries: Macro Economics Approach
Authors: Chemsripong Sujinda 
Published: May 2021

Thailand FDI allows countries to enter new markets through imports of goods at lower prices and access to foreign technology because FDI strengthens the economy and increases competition in the era of globalization. Therefore, concerning economic development and regional issues in the context of developing countries Thailand is one of the emergings. Identifying the key factors involved in TFDI is critical for sustainable growth. This study focuses on the factors that define TFDI to CLMV countries using macroeconomic analysis. Quantitative analysis using multiple regression equations on 15-year time series data, during 2005-2019. The results showed that GDP factors, foreign exchange rates, inflation, the proportion of working-age workers to the country's population, and international cooperation are the major driver of Thailand's outward FDI investment.
A Study on the Influence of Positive Transfer of Mother Tongue on Tibetan College Students’ Foreign Language Learning
Authors: Dangzeng Zhuoma 
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, the studies on the language transfer are more concerning the impact of Chinese language on English learning. Very few of them are on the phenomenon of negative transfer of Tibetan language to the Tibetan students’ English learning under the trilingual(TIbetan, Chinese and English) environment. The author had a detailed analysis to the Tibetan students’ writing composition on the basis of language tranfer theories such as markedness, interlanguage hyposthesis, and etc. And figure out the main grammatical errors in their compositions through the method of Error Analysis. Contrastive Analysis is also used to have comparison among the Tibetan, Chinsed and English, and individual interview as well, the reasons for the grammatical errors are figured out. The major findings of this research are as follows: The grammatical errors emerged in the Tibetan English major students’ composition writing is in many fields, which includes omission, collocation, single and plural form of noun, subject - predicate concord, negative , possessive , relative clause and inverted sentence; Here is the reason for these grammatical errors: various thinking modes, in short of comparisons among the three languages and inadequate input. The methods can be applied to resolve are: language instructors should intsruct language learners propers through having comparison between the three languages and more importantly, strengthenging the students’ comprehensible and adequate input the learner langauge.
HUBUNGAN ABNORMALITAS EKG DENGAN MORTALITAS PADA PASIEN STROKE HEMORAGIK
Authors: Peter Peter , Asley Joshua , Kadri Alfansuri , Eyanoer Putri Chairani , Bangun Eddy , Felisia Felisia 
Published: May 2021

Latar Belakang: Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian terbanyak kedua di dunia setelah penyakit jantung. Di negara berkembang, stroke hemoragik mencakup 34% dari semua stroke, yang disebabkan oleh perdarahan intraserebral dan perdarahan subaraknoid. Kelainan EKG dapat ditemukan pada pasien stroke hemoragik pada 72 jam pertama setelah kejadian. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai hubungan abnormalitas EKG pada pasien stroke hemoragik yang mungkin berdampak pada peningkatan mortalitas, disertai pengaruh faktor usia, jenis kelamin, dan tekanan darah sistolik terhadap mortalitas pasien stroke hemoragik.
Metode: Penelitian potong lintang retrospektif pada data rekam medis pasien stroke hemoragik di RS Haji Adam Malik, Medan periode 2017-2020, dengan teknik total sampling. Jumlah sampel yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi sebanyak 157 sampel, yang kemudian di bagi berdasarkan karakteristik usia, jenis kelamin, tekanan darah sistolik, abnormalitas EKG, dan mortalitas.
Hasil: Subjek penelitian yang meninggal dengan EKG abnormal berjumlah 45/77 (58,4%), sedangkan subjek yang meninggal dengan EKG normal sebanyak 32/77 (41,6%). Didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara abnormalitas EKG dan mortalitas pasien stroke hemoragik dengan odd ratio (OR) 3,281; 95% IK 1,698-6,341; p<0,001. Usia (OR 0,985; 95% IK 0,960-1,010; p=0,234), jenis kelamin (OR 0,794; 95% IK 0,424-1,487; p=0,472), dan tekanan darah sistolik (OR 0,993; 95% IK 0,984-1,002; p=0,135) tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan mortalitas pasien stroke hemoragik.
Simpulan: Pasien stroke hemoragik dengan kelainan EKG memiliki kemungkinan mortalitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pasien normal, sedangkan variasi usia, jenis kelamin, dan tekanan darah sistolik tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan mortalitas pasien stroke hemoragik.
Kata Kunci: EKG, Mortalitas, Stroke, Perdarahan Intrakranial
Transplantation and artificial organs 1(01) 2020
Authors: Kotenko O.H. , Minich A. A. , Grygorian M. C. 
Published: May 2021

Changes in liver blood flow and functional status of liver transplants with different types of venous outflow reconstruction have not been fully studied. A graft with optimal blood flow characteristics in a living family donation is one of the key factors that determines its functional state.
The Aim. Comparison of regional hemodynamics of the liver and biochemical parametersof blood after transplantation of the right lobe from a living related donor with and without amedian vein.Materials and methods. Based on our algorithm, which included analysis of the variational anatomy of the hepatic veins of the donor to determine the type of dominant vein, transplants were selected for 76 recipients: 39 patients (group 1) were transplanted right lobe of the middle vein and 37 patients (group 2) – right lobe without meddle vein. For comparative analysis, we used data from blood biochemical parameters and data from regional hemodynamics of grafts: volumetric portal blood flow, linear velocity and resistance index in the hepatic artery in both groups during the first week and on the 10th, 14th, 21st, 30th day after transplantation.Results. Using the described graft selection algorithm, we obtained the following results on the 30th day after transplantation: in group 1 there were higher values of volumetric portal blood flow compared to group 2 at all stages of observation (1110 ± 62 ml/min and 922 ± 41 ml/min, p = 0,013864 in groups 1 and 2, respectively); the resistance index in the hepatic artery was statistically significantly higher in group 2 – 0.61 ± 0.01 compared with group 1 (0.63 ± 0.01, p = 0.042722); serum bilirubin level in group 1 was statistically significantly lower compared to group 2 (33.4 ± 9 and 39.8 ± 3.4 μmol/l, respectively, p = 0.0377); serum transaminases, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, were statistically significantly lower in group 1 compared with group 2 – alanine aminotransferase – 50 ± 3.3 and 78.6 ± 8.2 U/l, respectively (p = 0.0022), aspartate aminotransferase – 42 ± 2.9 and 62.4 ± 8.9 U/l, respectively (p = 0.0282)).Conclusions. With the dominant type of middle hepatic vein in transplants of the right lobe, it is necessary to perform the right lobe of the liver with the middle vein. If the right vein is dominant – the right lobe of the liver without the inclusion of the middle vein. Adequate venous outflow, with a sufficient volume of the graft of the right lobe of the liver, determines the functional mass of the graft.
Prospects of the Artificial Organs Structures 3D Printing Technology
Authors: Sid E. V. 
Published: May 2021

Transplantation technologies are now highly effective modern methods of medical care for patients with irreversible stage of chronic diseases of vital organs. The success of transplantology allowed to start solving the problems of improving the quality of patients’ life who live with transplanted organ, their adaptation to society, return to work, to authentic family relationships.
The aim of the study is to perform analysis of modern literary sources related to the prospects of application of artificial organs structures bioprinting 3D technology.The shortage of donor organs for transplantation, the high cost of traditional transplantation and the problem of immunocompatibility of donor tissues led to the search for alternative, cost-effective and efficient organ replacement technologies. There are different methods of making 3D structures, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages. The technology is selected depending on the properties of the material, the desired characteristics of the finished structure and its application. To date, bioprinters are able to print bone and cartilage implants quickly enough.
Thus, 3D bioprinting is now becoming a real breakthrough in regenerative medicine. Every day there are more and more different techniques to improve this technology.
How to Avoid Human-Animal Dichotomy and Become Ethical
Authors: Kathet Gunja 
Published: May 2021

Anthropomorphizing is not simply lending human attributes to nonhuman animals; but in the very act of lending, there is taming and domesticating of animals. This paper in the light of Critical Animal Studies (CAS) argues that the companion/ pet species are the result of human intervention in the wilderness, taking away the natural life of cats, dogs, horses, and so many others; then, caging or leashing them, thus suspending their rights, even while proliferating their population. While feeding them "properly," proper to human standards, humans have weakened the pet species' immunity and aggravated their vulnerability. Since it is, at the end, for the pleasure and wellbeing of human, anthropomorphism is also anthropocentrism.
Tax Revenue of Nepal: Assessing the Impact on GDP
Authors: Kharel Khom Raj 
Published: May 2021

This study examines the economic impact of tax revenue and economic growth of Nepal, from 2000 to 2018. In order to attain the objectives, relevant time-series secondary data were collected from the Economic Survey published by Ministry of Finance, Quarterly Economic Bulletin published by Nepal Rastra Bank, Revenue Department and previous works done by scholars. The collected data has been analyzed by using linear regression model. The results display that tax revenue and total revenue has a positive significant effect on GDP. The trends of tax revenue has signified the positive trends but not sufficient to meet the government expenditure of Nepal.