bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Expert System for Clinical Staging of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Andoh Bernard , Adekoya Adebayo Felix , Weyori Benjamin Asubam , Tannor Elliot Koranteng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a health complication faced by almost every nation, as Ghana is no exception. The Ghana Dialysis Service Foundation (DSF) indicated that an average of 12,000 kidney-failure cases is diagnosed among Ghanaians every year. An adequate diagnosis of suspected CKD will play a critical role in saving many lives. This study widens the predictive factors grouped as; personal lifestyle, laboratory findings, and medical history of a patient. The glomerulus filtration rate addresses the controversy of diagnosing CKD without considering aetiology.MethodsThe study adopted a structured, guided questionnaire to obtain the dataset from health records of 180 patients diagnosed with CKD. The Renal clinic of Komfo Anokye Teaching hospital gave access to the patients' health records following the clearance from the ethical committee in Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. The health records were categorized into Personal Lifestyle, Laboratory findings and Medical history. Eleven factors that influence the incidence of chronic kidney disease were identified and analyzed in this work. The developed model is based on a hybrid of Artificial Neural Network and Fuzzy logic (ANFIS) techniques.ResultsAn experimental result of the proposed predictive model recorded an average Root Mean Square Error of 0.85014 for training and 1.3983 for testing. The result showed a close relationship between the actual and predicted outcomes for the training and testing. The Modification of Diet for Renal Disease (MDRD) model is applied to the dataset to estimate the Glomerulus Filtration Rate to determine the stage of the Chronic Kidney Disease. The developed model (NANFIS) gave a better performance than the Modification of Diet for Renal Disease MODEL results.ConclusionsConsidering the aetiology that widens the predictive factors provides an improved perspective in predicting the stage of the disease. The Modification of Diet for Renal Disease model considers Age, race, sex and creatinine to determine the location of Chronic Kidney Disease. The increase in data would help to improve the performance of the developed model better.
Relationship Between Immobilization of Cells and Characterization of Binding Sites and of Cell-Free Bacteria and Immobilized Metal Biosorbents
Authors: Fadl Mostafa G. , Mohamed Zenat Kamel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cell immobilization is preferred. Immobilized cells have been traditionally used for the treatment of sewage. The techniques employed for immobilization of cells are almost the same as those used for immobilization of enzymes with appropriate modifications. Entrapment and surface attachment techniques are commonly used. Gels, and to some extent membranes, are employed. Certain microorganisms were found to amass metallic components at a high limit Was Known as Bacterial Biosorption, Potent metal biosorbents among microorganisms, at low pH esteems, cell divider ligands are protonated and contend essentially with metals for official. With expanding pH, more ligands, such as amino and carboxyl groups, could be exposed, leading to attraction between these negative charges and the metals and consequently incremental biosorption onto the cell surface. Starting with isolation and identification of heavy metal-resistant bacteria from rock ore. Studying Factors Affecting Uranium Biosorption, Optimization of bacterial growth conditions and optimum for metal uptake by free and immobilized bacterial cells. All this evidence suggest that functions groups Represented in our study are responsible for metal uptake in our bacterial biomass beside change in peaks position which assigned for its groups confirm biosorption of metal ions from waste due to ions charge interaction comparing with immobilized we found increase in no of binding sites indicate that immobilized bacterial have high efficiency for metal up take which also change in peaks position which assigned for its groups confirm biosorption of metal ions from waste due to ions charge interaction, Where the high biosorption yield obtained by bacteria.
Topological Design of Strain Sensing Nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Long , Chiang Wei-Hung , Loh Kenneth J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
High-performance piezoresistive nanocomposites have attracted extensive attention because of their significant potential as next-generation sensing devices for a broad range of applications, such as monitoring structural integrity and human performance. While various piezoresistive nanocomposites have been successfully developed using different material compositions and manufacturing techniques, current development procedures typically involve empirical trial and error that can be laborious, inefficient, and, most importantly, unpredictable. Therefore, this paper aims to propose and validate a topological design-based methodology to strategically manipulate the piezoresistive effect of nanocomposites to achieve a wide range of optimized strain sensitivities without changing the material system. In particular, this work designed patterned nanocomposite thin films with stress-concentrating and stress-releasing topologies. The strain sensing properties of the different topology nanocomposites were characterized and compared via electromechanical experiments. Those results were compared to both linear and nonlinear piezoresistive material model numerical simulations. Both the experimental and computational results indicated that the stress-concentrating topologies could enhance strain sensitivity, whereas the stress-releasing topologies could significantly suppress bulk film piezoresistivity.
L,Varying Chest Compression Rates During Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Randomized Controlled Animal Trial
Authors: Bruckner Marlies , BSc Mattias Neset , Garcia-Hidalgo Catalina , Lee Tze-Fun , O'Reilly Megan , Cheung Po-Yin , Schmölzer Georg M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background To compare chest compression (CC) rates of 90/min with 180/min and their effect on the time to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival, hemodynamic, and respiratory parameters. We hypothesized that asphyxiated newborn piglets that received CC at 180/min vs. 90/min during cardiopulmonary resuscitation would have a shorter time to ROSC.Methods Newborn piglets (n=7/group) were anesthetized, intubated, instrumented and exposed to 45 min normocapnic hypoxia followed by asphyxia and cardiac arrest. Piglets were randomly allocated to a CC rate of 180/min or 90/min. CC was performed using an automated chest compression machine. Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters and applied compression force were continuously measured.Results The mean (SD) time to ROSC was 91 (34) and 256 (97) sec for CC rates of 180/min and 90/min, respectively (p=0.08). The number of piglets that achieved ROSC was 7 (100%) and 5 (71%) with 180/min and 90/min CC rates, respectively (p=0.46). Hemodynamic parameters (i.e., diastolic and mean blood pressure, carotid blood flow, stroke volume, end-diastolic volume, left ventricular contractile function) and respiratory parameters (i.e., minute ventilation, peak inflation and peak expiration flow) were all improved with a CC rate of 180/min.Conclusion Time to ROSC and hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were all improved, with a CC rate of 180/min vs. 90/min. Higher CC rates during neonatal resuscitation warrant further investigation.
Clinically-translatable High-fidelity Photoacoustic Tomography Enhanced by Virtual Point Sources
Authors: Yao Junjie , Tang Yuqi , Tang Shanshan , Huang Chengwu , Chen Shigao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Photoacoustic tomography (PAT), a hybrid imaging modality that acoustically detects the optical absorption contrast, is a promising technology for imaging hemodynamic functions in deep tissues. Particularly, PAT is capable of measuring the blood oxygenation level using hemoglobin as the endogenous contrast. However, the most clinically compatible PAT configuration usually employs a linear ultrasound transducer array and often suffers from the poor image fidelity, mostly due to the limited detection view of the transducer array. PAT can be improved by employing highly-absorbing contrast agents such as droplets and nanoparticles, which, however, have low clinical translation potential due to safety concerns and regulatory hurdles. Moreover, unlike hemoglobin, these exogenous contrast agents cannot report the functional hemodynamic information. In this work, we have developed a new methodology that can improve PAT’s image fidelity without hampering its functional capability or clinical translation potential. By using clinically-approved microbubbles as virtual point sources that strongly scatter the local pressure waves generated by surrounding hemoglobin, we can overcome the limited-detection-view problem and achieve high-fidelity functional PAT in deep tissues, a technology referred to as virtual-point-source PAT (VPS-PAT). We have thoroughly investigated the working principle of VPS-PAT by numerical simulations and phantom validations, showing the acoustic origin of signal enhancement and the superiority over traditional PAT. We have also demonstrated proof-of-concept applications of functional VPT-PAT for in vivo small-animal studies with physiological challenges. We expect that VPS-PAT can find broad applications in biomedical research and accelerated translation to clinical impact.
3D Texture Analysis of MRI Relaxation Time Maps for Assessment of Repair Cartilage with Treatment of Allogeneic Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells
Authors: Zhao Xinxin , Lu Qing , Ruan Jingjing , Li Jia , Dai Chengxiang , Pei Mengchao , Zhou Yan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: We used textural analysis matrix to examine the spatial distribution of pixel values and detect the compositional variation of repair cartilage with treatment of allogeneic human adipose-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (haMPCs). Methods: Eighteen patients were divided randomly into three groups with intra-articular injections of haMPCs: the low-dose (1.0×107 cells), mid-dose (2.0×107), and high-dose (5.0×107) group with six patients each. 3D texture analyses based on gray level run-length matrix (GLRLM) of the segmented ROIs on MRI relaxation time maps including T1rho, T2, T2* and R2*. Five GLRLM parameters were analyzed, including run length non-uniformity (RLNonUni), grey level non-uniformity (GLevNonU), long run emphasis (LngREmph), short run emphasis (ShrtREmp) and fraction of image in runs (Fraction). We used the difference before and after treatment (D values) as the object to avoid errors caused by individual differences. Two-tailed Pearson linear correlation analysis was used to investigate correlations between texture parameters and the WOMAC scores. Results: The heterogeneity of spatial distribution of MRI relaxation time mapping pixels from three groups was decreased to varying degrees at 48 weeks after intra-articular injection of haMPCs. Spatial distribution of cartilage relaxation time maps pixels were uneven and layered, especially in T2 maps. Compared with base time, there were significant differences among three dose groups in GLRLM features for T1rho map including RLNonUni, GLevNonU, LngREmph, for T2 map including LngREmph, GLevNonU, ShrtREmp, for T2* map including RLNonUni, GLevNonU, and for R2* map including RLNonUni, GLevNonU. WOMAC pain scores were associated with RLNonUni of T1rho map, GLevNonU of T2 map, LngREmph of T2* map, LngREmph of R2* map and Fraction of T1rho map, whereas no significant correlations in other measurements.Conclusions: MRI texture analysis of cartilage may allow detection of the compositional variation of repair cartilage with treatment of allogeneic haMPCs. This has potential applications in understanding mechanism of stem cells repairing cartilage and assessing response to treatment.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials, NCT02641860. Registered 3 December 2015.https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02641860
Accurate Automatic Detection Method to Assist Physicians in Diagnosing Early Nondisplaced Fractures of Femoral Neck
Authors: Fang Jin-sheng , Chen Yen-Yu , Hsieh Shang-Lin , Lin Tsung-Li , Ko Chih-Yuan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background - Nondisplaced femoral neck fractures are sometimes misdiagnosed by radiographs. We developed an automatic detection method using deep learning networks to pinpoint femoral neck fractures on radiographs to assist the physicians in making accurate diagnosis in the first place. Results - A total of approximately 3,840 images of non-displaced Garden type I and II femoral neck fracture cases collected from the Radiology Information System (RIS) from the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) database between 2018 and 2020 from the China Medical University Hospital (CMUH). Two senior orthopedic surgeons from the China Medical University Hospital participated in independently labeling the femoral neck margin and fracture line on these images as the training dataset for the deep learning network. Our proposed accurate automatic detection method, called direction-aware fracture detection network (DAFDNet), consists of two steps, namely region of interest (ROI) segmentation and fracture detection. The first step removes the noise region and pinpoints the femoral neck region. The fracture detection step uses direction-aware deep learning algorithm to mark the exact femoral neck fracture location in the region detected in the first step.Conclusions - Our proposed DAFDNet demonstrated over 94.8% accuracy in differentiating non-displaced Garden type I and type II femoral neck fracture cases. Our DAFDNet method outperforms the diagnostic accuracy of general practitioners and orthopedic surgeons in accurately locating Garden type I and type II fractures locations. This study can determine the feasibility of applying artificial intelligence in a clinical setting and how the use of deep learning networks assist physicians in improving the correct diagnosis compared to current traditional orthopedic manual assessments.
Genotyping and Association of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori in Dental Plaque and Gastric Biopsy Specimens in Dyspeptic Patients by PCR-RFLP Technique in Southwest of Iran
Authors: Moosavian Mojtaba , Kushki Elyas , Navidifar Tahereh , Hajiani Eskandar , Mandegari Mahdi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The oral cavity can act as an extra gastric reservoir for H pylori, and also the presence of the bacteria in the oral cavity is associated with a higher risk of dental caries development. The aim of this study was to determine the genotype and evaluate the association of the presence of H. pylori in dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens in dyspeptic patients in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran. In this study, 106 patients with recruited dyspeptic complaints were selected and from each patient, two gastric antral biopsy specimens and two dental plagues were examined. The presence of H. pylori was identified by the Rapid Urease Test (RUT) and the amplification of ureAB and 16S rRNA genes. Also, to verify a hypothetical mouth-to-stomach infection route, the enzymatic digestions of three genes of cagA, vacA, and ureAB in H. pylori strains isolated from dental plaques and stomach samples were compared for each same case. H. pylori was found in the stomach of 52.8% (56 /106) and the dental plaques of 17.9% (19/106) of the studied cases. On the other hand, H. pylori was recognized in the stomach of all 19 cases with oral colonization. Following a combination of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of these three known genes on stomach and dental plague samples, 14 and 11 unique patterns were seen, respectively. However, for all H. pylori-positive cases (19), the comparison of RLFP patterns of these genes in the dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens was different for the same case. This study showed, no significant association was observed between the presence of H. pylori in dental plaque and the stomach of the same case.
Clinical Features and Prognostic Factors of Elderly Individuals with Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma
Authors: Jin Shuai , Tao Lianyuan , Yu Haibo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: This study attempted to evaluate the clinical features and prognostic factors of elderly patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLS) and establish a nomogram to predict overall survival (OS). Methods: Patients diagnosed with RLS from 2010 to 2015 were identified from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. Clinical features and prognostic factors were examined, and a nomogram was constructed. Results: There were many differences between the elderly patients with RLS and the young patients with RLS; these differences included marital status, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and OS (P<0.05). An analysis of prognostic factors showed that surgery, as the main treatment for elderly patients, can significantly improve prognosis. Histological type and AJCC stage also had a significant effect on OS. Unlike the young group, age was an independent prognostic factor for the elderly. Nomograms for the elderly population were developed based on these prognostic factors. The C-indexes of the 1-, 3- and 5-year survival nomograms were 0.737 (95% CI 0.692-0.782), 0.737 (0.692-0.782) and 0.7367 (0.692-0.782), and the AUCs at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.749, 0.804 and 0.810, respectively. Further results demonstrate the superiority of this approach in risk stratification over the AJCC staging system. Conclusions: Elderly patients with RLS are a particular group of individuals who are distinct from young patients in many clinical characteristics, and the constructed nomograms could accurately predict OS in elderly patients with RLS.
TET3 Promotes HCC Proliferation And Metastasis Via lncRNA ARAP1-AS1
Authors: Zhuang Qiuyu , Xu Xuechun , Dai Zhiguo , Zheng Xiaoyuan , Guo Wuhua , Liu Xiaolong , Wang Yingchao , Zhao Bixing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Aberrations of DNA methylation and proteins involved in DNA methylation process have been demonstrated to be correlated with tumor malignancy and prognosis of patients. The present study aims to investigate the preliminary mechanism underlying the biological functions of a DNA demethylation enzyme TET3 during HCC proliferation and metastasis.Methods: CCK8 assay, colony formation assay and transwell assay were performed to monito cell proliferation, migration and invasion. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was applied to screen the differentially expressed mRNA upon TET3 overexpression to investigate the downstream mediators of TET3 during HCC progression. The expression of TET3 or ARAP1-AS1 was examined by western blot or quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).Results: First, TET3 expression was increased in HCC tumor tissues and positively correlated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Next, TET3 was found to promote the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells. RNA-seq was then performed and unveiled lncRNA ARAP1-AS1, a well identified onco-lncRNA in several cancer types, as a candidate downstream mediator of TET3. The following results indicated that TET3 increased ARAP1-AS1 expression. And rescue experiments indicated that ARAP1-AS1 knockdown impaired the proliferation of HCC cells induced by TET3 overexpression.Conclusion: TET3 promoted the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells by regulating the expression of lncRNA ARAP1-AS1.
Structural and Band Structure Investigation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Incorporated PVA Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , Basit Muhammad , Ahmad Muhammad , Raza Zulfiqar Ali 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The work reported here deals with the fabrication and characterization of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs – IONPs) incorporated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based nanocomposite films. The nanocomposite films, fabricated via solution casting route, have been characterized using advanced analytical techniques including x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and UV-visible (vis.) spectroscopy. There observed notable changes in the structural phases, crystallite size (2.3 to 2.1 nm), d-spacing (0.131 to 0.134 Å), optical absorption edge (5.12 to 4.84 eV), indirect bandgap (4.99 to 4.68 eV), direct bandgap (5.35 to 5.20 eV), and band tail (0.57 to 0.89 eV) from native PVA to nanocomposite films. The refractive index and optical conductivity enhancements were also observed on incorporating IONPs into the PVA matrix. It could be inferred that a minute loading of IONPs might induce significant alternation in opto-structural properties of the PVA-based nanocomposites for potential optoelectronic applications.
Effects of Transthoracic Echocardiography on the Prognosis of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: a Propensity Score Matched Analysis of the MIMIC-III Database
Authors: Dong Daoran , Wang Yan , Wang Chan , Zong Yuan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has high mortality and is mainly related to the circulatory failure.Therefore, real-time monitoring of cardiac function and structural changes has important clinical significance.Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a simple and noninvasive real-time cardiac examination which is widely used in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of TTE on the prognosis of ICU patients with ARDS.Methods: The data of ARDS patients were retrieved from the MIMIC-III v1.4 database and patients were divided into the TTE group and non-TTE group. Then, the baseline data were compared between the two groups, and the effect of TTE on the prognosis of ARDS patients was analyzed through multivariate logistic analysis and the propensity score (PS).Results: A total of 1,346 ARDS patients were enrolled, including 519 (38.6%) cases in the TTE group and 827 (61.4%) cases in the non-TTE group. Compared with the non-TTE group, the 28-day mortality of patients in the TTE group was greatly improved (OR=0.64 95%CI: 0.48-0.86, P=0.003). The length of ICU stay in the TTE group was significantly shorter than that in the non-TTE group (17d vs.14d, P=0.0001). The infusion volume in the TTE group was significantly less than that of the non-TTE group (6.2L vs.5.5L on day 1, P=0.0012). Importantly, the patients in the TTE group were weaned ventilators earlier than those in the non-TTE group (ventilator-free days within 28 d: 21 d vs. 19.8 d, respectively, P = 0.071).Conclusion: TTE can lower the risk of 28-d mortality in patients with ARDS.