bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrostatic‐pressure‐induced depolarization of (Pb1‐1.5xLax)(Zr0.80Ti0.20)O3 ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Xie Meng , Bao Yizheng , Li Song , Nie Hengchang , Wang Genshui , Dong Xianlin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPulse power energy conversion materials with ultrafast discharge processes and ultrahigh power densities have been widely used in the defense, energy, medical, and mining fields. The pressure‐driven depolarization in ferroelectric materials is significant and accounts for the discharge processes. In this study, we focus on pressure‐induced depolarization in (Pb1‐1.5xLax)(Zr0.80Ti0.20)O3 (PLZT) (x = 0‐0.07) ceramics, and their corresponding phase structure, dielectric properties, ferroelectric properties, and thermal depolarization performances. Although a satisfactory pulse power energy conversion performance has been achieved in Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 materials, poor temperature stability negatively influences their application. The static charge densities of PLZT (x = 0.04, 0.06) decreased from 29.11 μC/cm2 and 31.53 μC/cm2 to 19.76 μC/cm2 and 6.56 μC/cm2 under 400 MPa hydrostatic pressure, respectively, which is attributed to a pressure‐driven ferroelectric‐antiferroelectric phase structural transition. In particular, the temperature stability of PLZT (x = 0.06) materials is up to 87°C. This study may guide the further development pulse power energy conversion devices.
Qualified Satisfaction: First‐Year Architecture Student Perceptions of Teamwork
Authors: Thompson James , Teba Tarek , Braglia Roberto 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAcross disciplines, skills associated with collaboration are now ubiquitously considered requisite graduate attributes. Despite decades of studies on the various dimensions of academic teamwork, challenges for both students and staff remain. For this year‐long study at a UK school of architecture, we considered teamwork as a thread woven through the first‐year curriculum, traversing course modules and project types. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the collective impact of teamwork activities on the incoming cohort of 200+ undergraduate students and how the structuring and coordination of such activities might improve the holistic student experience. Across two rounds of online questionnaires and focus group sessions, student participants articulated the benefits of collaboration for learning, socialisation and professional development. However, resentment towards teamwork increased throughout the year, as frustration with disengaged cohort mates grew, and student sought greater structure and oversight from tutors. On the other hand, when given the chance to reflect on the multidimensional nature of teamwork in focus group discussions, many students adopted a productively nuanced perspective toward the topic. This implies that, whether students like or dislike certain aspect of collaborative projects, opportunities for critical conversation can promote or prompt an appreciation for the educational value of including teamwork projects in curricula. The results of this study should be relevant to educators seeking to improve the implementation and effectiveness of team‐based learning, particularly those in design‐based fields and those in higher and professional education contexts.
A model of culturally‐informed integrated diabetes education and eye screening in indigenous primary care services and specialist diabetes clinics: Study protocol
Authors: Atkinson‐Briggs Sharon , Jenkins Alicia , Keech Anthony , Ryan Christopher , Brazionis Laima ,   the Centre of Research Excellence in Diabetic Retinopathy Study Group
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsTo improve diabetes management in Indigenous Australians using an integrated nurse‐led model of diabetes education and eye screening in indigenous primary care and specialist diabetes clinics.DesignA pre–post study.MethodsThis study will be implemented in indigenous primary care and specialist diabetes clinics in Victoria, Australia. Participants recruited to the study will be existing adult patient with diagnosed diabetes attending study sites. A nurse‐credentialled diabetes educator and certified retinal imager will deliver three study components: (a) retinal photography as a diabetic retinopathy screening and patient engagement tool; (b) lifestyle and behaviour surveys, administered at baseline and at the final visit, in 12 months. Findings from the surveys and participants’ retinal images will be used to guide; and (c) personalized diabetes education. The primary outcomes are participant adherence to diabetic eye screening recommendations and health service diabetic retinopathy screening coverage. Secondary outcomes are baseline DR prevalence and changes in clinical and lifestyle risk factor levels, diabetes knowledge and satisfaction with diabetes care.DiscussionCompared with non‐indigenous Australians, Indigenous Australians have a high prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and blindness, low adherence to eye screening recommendations and suboptimal health literacy. Nurse‐credentialled diabetes educators can be trained to incorporate retinal imaging and eye screening into their clinical practice to give image‐based diabetes education to facilitate diabetic retinopathy management.ImpactCredentialled nurse diabetes educators who integrate eye screening and diabetes education can facilitate timelier diabetic retinopathy screening, referral pathways and treatment of sight‐threatening retinopathy. We believe that this model of integrated diabetes education and eye screening will also improve adherence to eye screening recommendations, population screening coverage, health literacy, risk factor levels and diabetes self‐care.Clinical Trial Registration: ANZCTRN1261800120435.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of mindfulness‐based interventions for patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Zou Huijing , Cao Xi , Chair Sek Ying 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsTo assess the effects of mindfulness‐based interventions for patients with coronary heart disease.DesignA systematic review with meta‐analysis.Data sourcesEight mainstream databases, including Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Ovid Emcare, PsycInfo, CINAHL complete, Web of Science, CENTRAL and PubMed, were searched from January 1979–March 2020.Review methodsRandomized controlled trials that evaluated mindfulness‐based interventions on psychological outcomes, cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life in adults with coronary heart disease were considered. We conducted meta‐analyses using the random‐effects model.ResultsNine studies involving 644 participants were included. Compared with inactive controls (e.g. usual care), mindfulness‐based interventions significantly reduced depression (SMD −0.72, 95% CI −1.23 to −0.21, p < .01) and stress (SMD −0.67, 95% CI −1.00 to −0.34, p < .01), but not anxiety and blood pressure. There were no significant psychological effects compared with active controls (e.g. other psychological interventions). In one of three studies that assessed generic quality of life, mindfulness‐based interventions significantly improved psychological and social domains compared with active control. The intervention effects on other cardiovascular risk factors were inconclusive given that only one study assessed each outcome with non‐significant findings. Subgroup analyses suggest that intervention type and participants’ depression and anxiety status may influence intervention effects.ConclusionsMindfulness‐based interventions may benefit patients with coronary heart disease in reducing depression and stress, but the effects on cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life are inconclusive.ImpactThis review offers preliminary evidence for the potential of mindfulness‐based interventions as an effective complementary approach to addressing psychological distress among people with coronary heart disease. Given the limitations in current studies, further rigorously designed and well‐reported research is necessary to give robust evidence. Studies exploring the intervention effects on cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life are warranted to remedy the research and knowledge gap.
An empowerment‐based cognitive behavioural therapy for persons with mild cognitive impairment and insomnia: Protocol for a mixed‐method pilot study
Authors: Li Polly W. C. , Yu Doris S. F. , Wong Cathy W. Y. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimThis study aims to examine the feasibility and effects of an empowerment‐based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia on sleep, cognitive outcomes, and health‐related quality of life in persons with mild cognitive impairment and insomnia.Study designThis mixed‐methods study comprises a pilot randomized controlled trial and an exploratory qualitative study.MethodsA total of 60 community‐dwelling patients aged ≥50 years with mild cognitive impairment and self‐reported sleep complaints will be recruited from the community centres for older people operated by two non‐governmental organizations in Hong Kong. The participants will be randomly allocated to intervention or control groups, which will receive the empowerment‐based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia and usual care respectively. We hypothesize that the cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia intervention featuring an empowerment‐based approach can improve sleep and cognitive function among patients with mild cognitive impairment. A subsample of 10 participants from the intervention group will be invited to take part in a qualitative interview to obtain more in‐depth comments about the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. Ethical approval was obtained on 2 November 2020. This study is supported by the Seed Fund for Basic Research from the University of Hong Kong on 4 September 2020.DiscussionThis study will address a neglected risk factor for cognitive decline in persons with mild cognitive impairment. The theoretical integration of empowerment and cognitive model of behavioural changes may inform a wider and more successful application of cognitive behavioural therapy techniques for people with compromised cognitive ability and insomnia.ImpactThis study will also advance our knowledge on the role of sleep on persons with mild cognitive impairment and generate relevant empirical evidence to inform the care of this vulnerable cohort to affect a worldwide reduction in social, economic and healthcare burdens associated with cognitive impairment.Clinical Trial RegistrationThis study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04635085).
Nursing‐sensitive outcomes in adult inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review
Authors: Spagnuolo Rocco , Corea Alessandro , Napolitano Daniele , Nisticò Eleonora , Pagnotta Raffaele , Pagliuso Caterina , Schiavoni Elisa , Turchini Laura , Fiorino Gionata , Radice Simona , Armuzzi Alessandro , Doldo Patrizia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsTo evaluate nursing activity through outcomes that are affected, provided, and/or influenced by nurses and defined as nursing‐sensitive outcomes in adult IBD patients.DesignSystematic review without meta‐analysis.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library databases on August 2019.Review MethodsPeer‐reviewed articles published between 2000–2020 were reviewed. The outcome measures were contextualized and presented by OMERACT Filter 2.0.ResultsTwenty‐four studies were included. Eighteen nursing‐sensitive outcomes were identified. These outcomes defined eight domains for health intervention, fitting into three core areas (resource use/economic impact, life impact, pathophysiological manifestations). Fifty‐three measurement instruments were identified.ConclusionsThrough 53 measurement tools, with use of OMERACT framework, 18 nursing‐sensitive outcomes in the main 3 core areas were identified, highlighting the multidimensional role of nursing. Further insights are to be carried out to define nursing outcomes included in IBD nursing intervention studies.ImpactThese results could serve as a cornerstone for further investigations and validation by a panel of experts to standardizing nursing activity in a multidisciplinary context.
Finding a balance in family caregiving for people with dementia: A correlational longitudinal study
Authors: Liu Hsin‐Yun , Hsu Wen‐Chuin , Shyu Yea‐Ing L. , Wang Yu‐Nu , Huang Tzu‐Hsin , Lin Yueh‐E , Huang Chun‐Hsia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsThe “Finding a Balance Point” framework was used to explore the caregiving process over time for family caregivers of people with dementia in Taiwan. This study aimed to: (a) identify Taiwanese caregivers’ different balance trajectories; (b) explore predictors of trajectory group membership; and (c) examine associations of different balance trajectories with caregiving outcomes.DesignA correlational longitudinal design was used.MethodsData were collected from 200 family caregivers’ self‐completed questionnaires and they were followed over 2 years (June 2015–May 2017). Discrete balance trajectories were identified by group‐based trajectory modelling. Predictors of trajectory group membership were identified from potential predictors of caregiving characteristics and caregiving factors using multivariate logistic regression. Associations of trajectory groups with caregiving outcomes (depressive symptoms and health‐related quality of life) were explored using the generalized estimating equation.ResultsBalance trajectories best fit a two‐group trajectory model (poor and good). Caregivers with a poor sense of balance between competing needs were more likely to have more depressive symptoms (b = 11.71, 95% CI [9.04, 14.38], p < .001), worse physical health (b = −6.22, 95% CI [−8.71, −3.74], p < .001), and worse mental health (b = −11.1, 95% CI [−13.58, −8.63], p < .001) than caregivers with a good sense of balance. Caregivers experiencing lower role strain (b = −1.45, SE = 0.48, p = .003) or higher predictability (b = 2.83, SE = 0.76, p < .001) were more likely to belong to the good‐balance group.ConclusionsCaregivers with poor balance between competing needs are more likely to have worse caregiving outcomes. Role strain and predictability significantly predicted balance trajectory groups. Family caregivers with lower caregiving task difficulty and/or better knowledge of the care receiver were more likely to be in the good balance trajectory group.ImpactOur findings support the framework, “Finding a Balance Point,” and clarify the family caregiving process for people with dementia. This framework could be used to tailor interventions for home care nurses to improve family caregivers’ caregiving outcomes.
Ecological niche modelling and phylogeography reveal range shifts of pawpaw, a North American understorey tree
Authors: Wyatt Graham E. , Hamrick J.L. , Trapnell Dorset W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimPredictions of species' responses to accelerating global climate change require an understanding of historical range shifts. However, large‐scale phylogeographical studies of Eastern North American understorey plant taxa are relatively scarce. Here we employ ecological niche modelling and genetic analyses for inference of optimal pawpaw habitat in the past and future.LocationIn all, 26 states in the eastern United States.TaxonAsimina triloba (L.) Dunal (Annonaceae).MethodsThe present‐day niche of Asimina triloba was modelled in Maxent using seven bioclimatic variables, elevation and location data from field samples and herbarium specimens. To model historically optimal habitats, the present‐day model was projected onto rasters of seven bioclimatic variables and elevation representing the last glacial maximum (~22,000 years before present [YBP]) and the mid‐Holocene (~6,000 YBP). Predicted habitat suitability for 2070 was also modelled. Additionally, 62 populations were genotyped with nine nuclear microsatellite loci and statistically analysed. Levels and partitioning of genetic variation within and among populations were estimated within a geographical context.ResultsModels indicate that optimal habitat 22,000 YBP was severely restricted to mostly now‐submerged Gulf of Mexico and southeastern US coastlines. By 2070, models suggest that optimal habitat will expand substantially northward relative to the present. Species‐level genetic diversity (HE = 0.765) is high and genetic structure among populations is moderate (GST = 0.202). Structure indicates that there are two population clusters straddling the Appalachian Mountains.Main conclusionsModels suggest that 22,000 YBP A. triloba was restricted to two major refugia in narrow bands of mostly now‐submerged habitat and possibly several small inland refugia. Molecular data are consistent suggesting that the eastern refugia expanded to give rise to the eastern cluster which is characterized by higher genetic diversity. The Gulf of Mexico refugium likely gave rise to populations in the western cluster, which is characterized by lower genetic diversity.
VT ablation in geriatric patients with structural heart disease: Should there still be an age limit?
Authors: Darma Angeliki , Bertagnolli Livio , Dinov Borislav , Torri Federica , Dagres Nikolaos , Bollmann Andreas , Hindricks Gerhard , Arya Arash 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis study sought to examine the feasibility and outcome of ablation of ventricular tachycardias (VTs) in a contemporary cohort of geriatric patients with structural heart disease (SHD).BackgroundGeriatric patients are often underrepresented in large studies. As frailty is becoming an increasing problem, we need to examine the best course of action for this population.Methods and ResultsWe investigated 68 SHD‐patients ≥ 75 years old undergoing VT‐ablation (men 88%, ischemic cardiomyopathy 77%, electrical storm 72%, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 31%) and divided the cohort into two groups: 75–79 years old (n = 51) and ≥80 years old (n = 17). The two groups showed similar results regarding noninducibility as ablation endpoint (p = .693), major procedure‐related complications (p = .488), and VT‐recurrence (p = .882) during the 39‐month follow‐up. At the end of the follow‐up, 10 patients in the octogenarian group (59%) versus 16 patients of the other group (31%) died.ConclusionGeriatric patients with SHD including octogenarians showed similar results regarding procedural endpoints, freedom of VT, and major procedure‐associated complications after VT‐ablation. When ablation is indicated, age alone should not be an inhibiting factor to treat these patients.
Reclassification of adolescent hypertension by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring using adult norms and association with left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Campbell Jessica Fallon , Shah Shweta , Srivaths Poyyapakkam , Acosta Alisa A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract2017 pediatric blood pressure (BP) guidelines applied adult BP norms to define clinic hypertension (HTN) in patients ≥ 13 years. 2014 pediatric ambulatory BP monitor (ABPM) guidelines recommend age‐ and sex‐specific percentile norms for patients < 18 years. The authors evaluated reclassification of HTN when applying adult ABPM norms in patients ≥ 13 years and assessed the association of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with HTN. Charts of patients 13–17 years with ABPM 9/2018–5/2019 were reviewed for sex, age, height, weight, BP medication, ABPM results, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). American Heart Association 2005 (AHA 2005), AHA 2017 (AHA 2017), and European Society of Hypertension 2018 (ESH 2018) guidelines for adult ABPM were compared with 2014 AHA pediatric norms (pABPM). HTN was defined by each guideline using only ABPM. ABPM and clinic BP were used to classify white coat hypertension (WCH) and masked hypertension (MH). LVH was defined as LVMI > 51 g/m2.7. 272 patients had adequate ABPM. 124 patients also had echocardiogram. All adult norms resulted in significant reclassification of HTN. LVMI correlated significantly with systolic BP only. The odds of a patient with HTN having LVH was significant using AHA 2005 (OR: 8.75 [2.1, 36.4], p = .03) and ESH 2018 (OR: 4.94 [1, 24.3], p = .002). Significant reclassification of HTN occurs with all adult norms. HTN is significantly associated with LVH using AHA 2005 and ESH 2018. Applying pediatric norms for ABPM while using adult norms for clinic BP causes confusion. Guideline selection should balance misdiagnosis with over‐diagnosis.
Effect of emodin on long non‐coding RNA‐mRNA networks in rats with severe acute pancreatitis‐induced acute lung injury
Authors: Xu Caiming , Luo Yalan , Ntim Michael , Quan Weili , Li Zhaoxia , Xu Qiushi , Jiang Liu , Zhang Jingwen , Shang Dong , Li Lei , Zhang Guixin , Chen Hailong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to disease pathogenesis and drug treatment effects. Both emodin and dexamethasone (DEX) have been used for treating severe acute pancreatitis‐associated acute lung injury (SAP‐ALI). However, lncRNA regulation networks related to SAP‐ALI pathogenesis and drug treatment are unreported. In this study, lncRNAs and mRNAs in the lung tissue of SAP‐ALI and control rats, with or without drug treatment (emodin or DEX), were assessed by RNA sequencing. Results showed both emodin and DEX were therapeutic for SAP‐ALI and that mRNA and lncRNA levels differed between untreated and treated SAP‐ALI rats. Gene expression profile relationships for emodin‐treated and control rats were higher than DEX‐treated and ‐untreated animals. By comparison of control and SAP‐ALI animals, more up‐regulated than down‐regulated mRNAs and lncRNAs were observed with emodin treatment. For DEX treatment, more down‐regulated than up‐regulated mRNAs and lncRNAs were observed. Functional analysis demonstrated both up‐regulated mRNA and co‐expressed genes with up‐regulated lncRNAs were enriched in inflammatory and immune response pathways. Further, emodin‐associated lncRNAs and mRNAs co‐expressed modules were different from those associated with DEX. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrates selected lncRNA and mRNA co‐expressed modules were different in the lung tissue of emodin‐ and DEX‐treated rats. Also, emodin had different effects compared with DEX on co‐expression network of lncRNAs Rn60_7_1164.1 and AABR07062477.2 for the blue lncRNA module and Nrp1 for the green mRNA module. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that emodin may be a suitable alternative or complementary medicine for treating SAP‐ALI.
FoxM1 promotes Wnt/β‐catenin pathway activation and renal fibrosis via transcriptionally regulating multi‐Wnts expressions
Authors: Xie Hongyan , Miao Naijun , Xu Dan , Zhou Zhuanli , Ni Jiayun , Yin Fan , Wang Yanzhe , Cheng Qian , Chen Panpan , Li Jingyao , Zheng Peiqing , Zhou Li , Liu Jun , Zhang Wei , Wang Xiaoxia , Lu Limin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway plays a pivotal role in promoting renal fibrosis. The activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway relies on the binding of Wnts to Frizzled receptors on cell membrane. However, the factor regulating Wnts production remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that transcriptional factor FoxM1 was significantly increased in obstructed kidneys and patients' kidneys with fibrosis. The up‐regulation of FoxM1 mainly distributed in tubular epithelial cells. Pharmacological inhibition of FoxM1 down‐regulated multi‐Wnts elevation in UUO mice and attenuated renal fibrosis. In cultured renal tubular epithelial cells, overexpression of FoxM1 promoted 8 Wnts expression, while knock‐down on FoxM1‐suppressed multi‐Wnts including Wnt1, Wnt2b and Wnt3 expression induced by Ang II. Chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR confirmed that FoxM1 bound to Wnt1, Wnt2b, Wnt3 promoters and luciferase assay further identified that the transcriptions of Wnt1, Wnt2b and Wnt3 were regulated by FoxM1. Thus, our findings show that multi‐Wnt family members were regulated by transcriptional factor FoxM1. FoxM1 might be a key switch for activating β‐catenin pathway and renal fibrosis. Therefore, FoxM1 might be a potential therapeutic target in manipulating renal fibrosis.