bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Blinding Uveitis in a Child After Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation for Unilateral Congenital Cataract
Authors: Wilson-Holt Nichols , Hing Steven , Taylor David Samuel Irving 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 3-year-old boy underwent secondary implantation of an iris supported intraocular lens following extraction of a unilateral congenital cataract. Eight months later, he developed a bilateral plastic uveitis which, in spite of intensive medical treatment, resulted in NPL (no perception of light) in the implanted eye and 2/60 vision in the fellow eye. Sympathetic ophthalmia possibly played a role in the pathogenesis of the uveitis.
Surgical Results in Brown Syndrome
Authors: Sprunger Derek T , von Noorden Gunter K , Helveston Eugene M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Surgical treatment for Brown superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome, now called Brown syndrome, has been advocated for patients with abnormal head posture or manifest hypotropia in primary gaze. Several surgical procedures with variable results and complications have been reported without consensus.
Techniques and results of treatment for Brown syndrome at two institutions were reviewed. Charts of all patients who had undergone surgical treatment at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex, and Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, lnd, between 1965 and 1989 were reviewed. The review yielded 38 patients.
Superior oblique tenectomy was the most efficacious initial procedure. Surgery was successful in the treatment of anomalous head posture associated with Brown syndrome. There was no loss of sensory function as a result of surgery, but surgery did not inevitably lead to improved sensory function. We do not advocate superior oblique weakening combined with simultaneous surgery for iatrogenic superior oblique palsy as an initial procedure for Brown syndrome, since nearly one-half of our patients did not develop superior oblique palsy when followed for more than 1 year.
Results of Unilateral Medial Rectus Recession in High AC/A Ratio Esotropia
Authors: Procianoy Edson , Justo Diane Marinho 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Twenty-five patients with high accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratios and near esotropia of 15 to 35 prism diopters were treated with a 6- to 8-mm unilateral medial rectus recession according to the near deviation. In 24 patients (96%), the esodeviation was aligned within 10Δ, with a follow up ranging from 3 to 7 years. Only one patient had greater than 10Δ of esotropia (14Δ), and none became exotropic. This procedure appears to be a safe and effective method in the treatment of esotropia with high AC/A ratios, in a selected group of patients.
Bilateral Brown Syndrome in Three Siblings
Authors: Hamed Latif M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The vast majority of cases of Brown syndrome are considered to be of a nonfami Mal, sporadic nature. Documented instances of familial transmission are rare. All three siblings in one family pedigree showed bilateral Brown syndrome. Other family members were reportedly unaffected. The current cases, along with previous reports, support the concept that a subset of congenital Brown syndrome may have a strong hereditary basis, being transmitted either as an autosomal recessive genetic trait or an autosomal dominant disorder with decreased penetrance.
Laser Treatment of Eye Disorders in Children
Authors: Pollack A , Leiba H , Soroker D , Ezri T , Merlis P , Oliver M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The increasing range of indications for laser treatment and the development of new modalities of lasering have led to a growing tendency to extend this type of treatment to the pediatrie population. Problems of compliance in this age group often necessitate the use of general anesthesia. This report describes the operative technique used in 11 children (13 eyes) under the age of 13 years, all of whom underwent laser treatment under general anesthesia for a variety of ocular conditions. Argon or krypton laser photocoagulation was performed in eight children (10 eyes), seven of whom were treated for various retinal pathologies and one for an iris cyst. The other three children underwent Nd:YAG posterior capsulotomy for secondary cataract.
Epibulbar Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Brothers With Xeroderma Pigmentosa
Authors: Hertle Richard W , Durso Frank , Metzler Jonathon P , Varsa E W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report two brothers aged 6.6 and 5 years old with the De Sanctis-Cacchione variant of Xeroderma Pigmentosa. They had typically severe skin, and ocular and neurologic involvement. Both had epibulbar squamous cell carcinomas. The oldest presented with a large, invasive, epibulbar mass of the left eye which required enucleation. He also had an invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the right lower lid. The younger brother presented with a smaller papillomatous lesion at the medial limbus of the right eye. After removal, this was found to be squamous cell carcinoma in-situ. Flow cytometry done on the tumors revealed diploidy. The case descriptions, histopathology, and discussion of ocular manifestations are presented.
Ocular Fireworks Injuries in Children
Authors: Dhir S P , Shishko M N , Krewi A , Mabruka S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Fourteen children and six adults presented in 1987 with firework-induced ocular injuries following celebrations of the Prophet Muhammad's birthday in Tripoli, Libya. The children's injuries were, typically, much more severe than those of the adults. Indigenous modifications to the fireworks, which are intended for children's use, render the devices into very dangerous missiles that, in the cases presented, resulted in the loss of one eye and serious damage to another. Educating children of the proper use of legal fireworks, and parents discouraging their children from modifying fireworks should help reduce the incidence of these severe ocular injuries.
Abnormal Function of the Parvocellular Visual System in Anisometropic Amblyopia
Authors: Shan Yang , Moster Mark L , Roemer Richard A , Siegfried John B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To study the function of the parvocellular (P) and the magnocellular (M) visual systems with steady-state visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in anisometropic amblyopes.
Methods: A matrix of isolated checks was superimposed on a steady background with different check sizes and temporal frequencies to form specific stimuli to preferentially activate the P or the M visual system. The amplitude of the VEP fundamental frequency was analyzed at the electrode Oz of 5 anisometropic amblyopes and 22 normal subjects. The normal subjects were tested at two visual acuity (VA) levels, 20/20 and 20/40, modified by lenses, to match with the VA levels of the fellow eyes and the amblyopic eyes of the amblyopes, respectively.
Results: No significant amplitude difference was found between the dominant eyes and nondominant eyes of the normal subjects for either P or M stimuli at both 20/20 and 20/40 VA levels (P>.05). No significant amplitude difference was found between the fellow eyes of the amblyopes and the dominant eyes of normals for either P or M stimuli at 20/20 VA level (P>.05). A significant amplitude difference was found between the amblyopic eyes and the nondominant eyes of the normals for P stimuli (P<.05) but not for M stimuli (P>.05) at 20/40 VA level.
Conclusions: The amplitude of the VEP fundamental frequency was selectively reduced for P stimuli in anisometropic amblyopic eyes. This ciinicai electrophysiologic finding confirms that only the function of the P visual system is abnormal in anisometropic amblyopic eyes.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; 2000;37:73-78.
Evaluation of Hemodynamic Changes in the Ophthalmic Artery With Color Doppler Ultrasonography After Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Bayramlar Hüseyin , Totan Yüksel , Çkiç Osman , Yazicioglu Kamuran Mahmut , Aydin Erdinç 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To investigate the blood flow changes in ophthalmic artery with color Doppler ultrasonography after strabismus surgery.
Methods: Twenty eyes of 19 patients who underwent recession or resection surgery on two horizontal rectus muscles in 1 eye were examined using color Doppler ultrasonography preoperati vely and 1 week and 1 month postoperatively. Measurements from both eyes of 1 6 age- and sex-matched normal subjects served as control data. The systolic maximum velocity, mean velocity, end-diastolic velocity, pulsati I ity index, and resistance index of the ophthalmic artery were determined. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed for comparison of the control and study group preoperatively for any hemodynamic parameter. Statistical comparison of the preoperative and postoperative measures in the study group was performed with Friedman's two-way analysis of variance.
Results: No difference (P>.05) was observed preoperatively between the study and control groups for any hemodynamic parameter in the ophthalmic artery. Although the ophthalmic artery showed a slight increase in systolic maximum velocity 1 month postoperatively, there were no statistically significant differences (P>.05) in velocities or resistance in the ophthalmic artery at any interval.
Conclusion: Two horizontal rectus muscle operations in a previously unoperated eye do not cause significant hemodynamic changes in the ophthalmic artery. However, further studies are needed to obtain more information about the effect of multiple vertical rectus muscle operations on the blood flow parameters of the ophthalmic artery.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2000;37:94-100.
Effect of Bipolar Cautery on Tensile Strength of 6-0 Polyglactin 910 Suture
Authors: Eustis H Sprague , Marshburn John S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To determine the effect of bipolar cautery on 6-0 polyglactin 910 suture.
Methods: Three groups of sutures were tested for maximum tensile strength. The first group (direct cautery) had bipolar cautery applied directly to the suture. The second group (scleral cautery) had bipolar cautery applied directly on top of the sclera, through which the suture was passed onehalf scleral thickness. The third group (control) had no application of cautery to the suture.
Results: The mean tensile strength for the direct cautery sutures (n=8) was 553 g; for the scleral cautery sutures (n=7), 577 g; and for the control sutures (n=5), 553 g. There was no statistically significant difference in tensile strength between the three groups, with the analysis of variance yielding P=.56.
Conclusion: Bipolar cautery causes little to no risk of reducing the tensile strength of 6-0 polyglactin 910 suture in the setting of strabismus surgery.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2000;37:156-158.
Combined Effect of Polytetrafluoroethylene and 5-Fluorouracil on Delayed Adjustable Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Hwang Jeong-Min , Chang Bong Leen 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine a more reliable method for performing delayed suture adjustment to prevent the formation of postoperative adhesions and delay the time of adjustment.
Methods: Thirty-two rabbit eyes were divided into three groups. After recession of the superior rectus muscle, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was administered beneath and over the superior rectus muscle in group 5-FU (12 eyes); polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and 5-FU were administered in group P-f (1 0 eyes); and PTFE, 5-FU, and Viscoat (chondroitin sulfate, sodium hyaluronate, Alcon Laboratories Ine, Fort Worth, Tex) were administered in group P-fv (1 0 eyes). Delayed adjustment was performed once on each superior rectus muscle at 1 , 2, and 3 weeks postoperatively in group 5-FU and at 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively in groups P-f and P-fv. The length and force for the adjustment and the degree of adhesions were recorded.
Results: The use of fluorouracil allowed adjustment to be delayed up to 1 week after surgery in three of four eyes. The combined use of PTFE and 5-FU or addition of Viscoat allowed adjustment to be delayed for up to 4 weeks after surgery in four of five eyes.
Conclusion: The combined use of PTFE, 5-FU and Viscoat is useful for delaying suture adjustment in rabbit eyes.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2000;37:163-167.
Intraocular Lens Implantation in Marfan's Syndrome
Authors: Vadalà Pasquale , Capozzi Paolo , Fortunato Michele , DeVirgiliis Elisabetta , Vadalà Francesca 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To describe the results of the removal of ectopic lenses from patients with Marfan's syndrome using the scleral fixation method.
Methods: Intraocular lenses (IOLs) were implanted in six eyes affected by lens dislocation (ectopia lentis) using either the scleral fixation method (five eyes) or a silicone IOL in the capsular bag (one eye). Mean patient age ranged from 8-11 years and follow-up ranged from 7-20 months.
Results: Functional success was obtained in all eyes. Postoperative visual acuity was 20/20 to 20/40. One patient showed a dislocation of the IOL in the anterior chamber. In three eyes, an opacification of the posterior capsule was treated using an Nd:YAG laser.
Conclusion: Intraocular lense implantation using the scleral fixation technique is the first choice in patients with Marfan's syndrome because it reduces the complications of IOL decentration.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2000;37:206-208.
Borish Vectographic Nearpoint Card II Contour and Random Dot Stereoacuity in Children
Authors: Kulp Marjean Taylor 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To determine the completion rate and normative values for the Borish Vectographic Nearpoint Card II (Stereo Optical Co, Inc, Chicago, III) contour and random dot stereoacuity tests in children.
Methods: Children had to pass a modified clinical screening technique to be included in the study to eliminate vision problems that could potentially affect stereoacuity. One hundred forty-six children in second through fourth grade (mean age: 8.27 years) from a middle class, suburban, primarily white, elementary school near Columbus, Ohio participated in this investigation. Random dot and contour stereoacuity were measured using the Borish Vectographic Nearpoint Card II.
Results: All of the children were able to identify which circle had disparity on the 1280 seconds of arc contour stereoacuity target, but six children were unable to perceive the "E" on the 1280 seconds of arc random dot target. The median stereoacuity was 80 seconds of arc on both the contour and random dot stereotests in this population.
Conclusion: A high completion rate was found on both the contour and random dot stereoacuity tests. Median stereoacuities were higher on the Borish Vectographic Nearpoint Card Il in this population than those previously reported with the Randot contour stereoacuity test and Randot Preschool random dot stereoacuity test in children.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2000;37:209-213.
The Effects of Experimentally Induced Anisometropia on Stereopsis
Authors: Oguz Halit , Oguz Velittin 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To determine the effects of experimentally induced anisometropia on stereopsis in healthy adults to assess the potentially detrimental effects of uncorrected anisometropia on the development of stereoacuity during childhood.
Methods: Twenty-one healthy adult volunteers ranging in age from 22-34 years (mean: 27 years) and free of ocular disease participated in the study. Four different types of anisometropia (unilateral myopia, unilateral hyperopia, or unilateral astigmatism [90° or 45°]) were induced in random order by placing trial lenses over the right eye in 1 diopter (D) increments ranging from 1-3 D. Stereoacuity was measured using the Titmus stereotest with patients placing the cross-polarizing stereoacuity glasses over their lenses or trial frames.
Results: Stereoacuity levels were reduced in proportion to the degree of anisometropia in all patients. One diopter of spherical anisometropia reduced stereoacuity to an average 57-59 arc seconds; 1 D of cylindrical anisometropia reduced stereoacuity to an average 51-56 arc seconds. Three diopters of anisometropia, regardless of type, produced a marked reduction of stereoacuity in all patients.
Conclusions: Low levels of anisometropia, both spherical and astigmatic, can have potentially significant adverse effects on high-grade binocular interaction in adults. Foveal suppression, which is directly related to the degree of anisometropia, may be responsible for the loss of stereopsis. The data suggest the effects of anisometropia on stereopsis should be considered in the empiric correction of anisometropic refractive errors in children.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2000;37:214-218.
Psychiatric Patients' Perceptions of Waiting Time in the Psychiatric Emergency Service
Authors: Roper Janice M , Manela Julita 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTRecent customer service surveys have indicated that patients in the Psychiatric Emergency Service (PES) are increasingly dissatisfied with the "waiting" time connected with expanded services. This study examined the impact of six interventions that altered the environment of waiting patients and their resulting perceptions of time spent in PES. The interventions were communication (three styles), relaxing music, educational videos, and recreational activities. Each intervention was conducted for 7 days, followed by 7 days of no intervention. Patients completed a Time Assessment Tool that measured expectations of, perceptions of, and satisfaction with waiting time. These data were compared to actual time, as reflected on the log maintained in the PES. In general, environmental interventions reduced patients' perceived time, compared to no intervention. Significantly, interacting with patients with caring and concern consistently resulted in a reduced perception of waiting time, compared to the other interventions.
Health Maintenance Behaviors of Individuals With Severe and Persistent Mental Illness in a State Prison
Authors: Yurkovich Eleanor , Smyer Tish 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this grounded theory study is to define health and health-seeking behaviors of incarcerated individuals experiencing severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) in a state prison. The strategies used to prevent loss of control and maintain health in the prison environment were examined. Nineteen incarcerated individuals with SPMI were interviewed in a state prison. Constant comparative analysis of the data revealed that while establishing a "fit" with the core variable "loss of control" and its identified properties, differences were found in the enactment of health maintenance behaviors related to properties in the prison environment.
Several of these behaviors are inconsistent with behaviors expected of individuals in a community day treatment center and reflect a need for bridging programs to facilitate entry into the "free" world. Correctional nurses and mental health providers in this system can advocate for incarcerated individuals with SPMI by developing programs that provide cost-effective intermediate care and collaborating with community health systems for continuity of care. The findings related to alcohol and drug abuse among incarcerated individuals with SPMI challenges mental health providers in both correctional facilities and community-based programs to generate appropriate and effective substance abuse treatment programs for these individuals.
MEASURING Sexual Arousal
Authors: Lawson Louanne 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The impact of sexual offenses and abuse is incalculable, both on the victims themselves and the society responsible for protecting them. Identifying people who sexually offend against adults and children and preventing them from engaging in abusive behavior in the future requires valid and reliable methods that accurately identify the perpetrators' characteristics and measure treatment effectiveness. This article reviews the literature on penile plethysmography (PPG), a mechanism by which erectile response to deviant sexual stimuli can be measured.
Fall Incidence in a State Psychiatric Hospital in Singapore
Authors: Tay Sim-Eng Clara , Quek Choon-Siang , Pariyasami Santhathevi D/O , Ong Bee-Cheng Samantha , Wee Boon-Chin Michael , Yeo Jooi-Lee , Yeo Soo-Gim 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The results of a retrospective study of fall incidence during a 1 -year period in a psychiatric hospital in Singapore are reported, involving 309 patients who fell one or more times during their stay. The profile of inpatients involved in falls was identified. Data were derived from standard incident forms completed whenever patients had a fall. A total of 348 falls were identified for the 1-year period. Results revealed higher fall rates in younger male epileptic patients; elderly female patients, age 70 and older with depression or dementia; individuals with concomitant medical conditions; and patients taking three types of medication. The majority of falls occurred when the activity level was high in the ward. Young epileptic patients and elderly depressed patients were prone to repeated falls. These results have the potential to assist in identifying patients at high risk and in designing and implementing strategies to prevent such incidents.
Inverse Arcuate Incision: A New Approach to the Correction of Astigmatism
Authors: Thornton Spencer P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Standard concentric arcuate transverse corneal relaxing incisions flatten the meridian incised and steepen the meridian 90° away, a phenomenon designated "coupling". We have demonstrated a new method of reducing the steep corneal curvature without inducing coupling, by utilizing both transverse and radial components of an inverse arcuate incision. This technique has been found useful in cases of myopic astigmatism because it reduces the myopic spherical equivalent, which is left unchanged by standard arcuate incisions, without having to place radial incisions. [Refract Corneal Surg. 1994;10:27-30.)
Does the Progressive Increasing Effect of Radial Keratotomy (Hyperopic Shift) Correlate With Undetected Early Keratoconus?
Authors: Saragoussi Jean-Jacques , Pouliquen Yves J M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Keratoconus suspect is a new clinical entity revealed by videokeratography. We perform systematic videokeratography on all candidates for refractive surgery, and have identified a keratoconus suspect in more than 10% of eyes. A lot of patients with undetected early keratoconus have been operated on since 1980. We suggest a possible correlation between early keratoconus suspect and the hyperopic shift following radial keratotomy. Our arguments are based on clinical observations, knowledge about pathogenesis of keratoconus and the mechanism of action of radial keratotomy, and epidemiological considerations. [Refract Corneal Surg. 1994;10:45-48.)