bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How can urban environments support dementia risk reduction? A qualitative study
Authors: Röhr Susanne , Rodriguez Francisca S. , Siemensmeyer Rosa , Müller Felix , Romero‐Ortuno Roman , Riedel‐Heller Steffi G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveInterventions to reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia largely focus on individual‐level strategies. To maximize risk reduction, it is also necessary to consider the environment. With the majority of older people living in cities, we explored how urban environments could support risk reduction.Materials and MethodsIn our qualitative study, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with community members aged ≥65 years and stakeholders, all living in Leipzig, Germany. Interview guides were informed by the framework on modifiable risk factors for dementia of the Lancet Commission on Dementia Prevention, Intervention, and Care. Interviews were audio‐recorded, verbatim‐transcribed, and thematically analysed.ResultsCommunity members (n = 10) were M = 73.7 (SD = 6.0) years old and 50% were women. Stakeholders (n = 10) were aged 39–72 years, and 70% were women. Stakeholders' fields included architecture, cultural/arts education, environmental sciences, geriatrics, health policy, information and technology, philosophy, psychology, public health, and urban sociology. Across interviews with both older individuals and stakeholders, three main themes were identified: (i) social participation and inclusion (emphasizing social contacts, social housing, intergenerationality, neighbourhood assistance, information and orientation, digital and technological literacy, lifelong learning, co‐creation/co‐design), (ii) proximity and accessibility (emphasizing proximity and reachability, mobility, affordability, access to health care, access to cultural events, public toilets), (iii) local recreation and wellbeing (emphasizing safety in traffic, security, cleanliness and environmental protection, urban greenery, climate change and heat waves, outdoor physical activity).DiscussionThe design of urban environments holds large potential to create favourable conditions for community‐dwelling individuals to practice lifestyles that promote brain health. Public policy should involve community members in co‐creating such environments.
Extending the Ecological Interface Design process—Integrated EID
Authors: Kant Vivek , Sudakaran Jayasurya Salem 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article aims to extend the traditional Ecological Interface Design (EID) process. With the rapid pace of digitalization in technological systems, there is a need for a design process that can handle the systemic design goals and the experiential basis of interaction. Currently, the traditional EID is well‐positioned to address these challenges. However, methodologically, it needs to be substantiated to make it accessible for designers, designing for novel arenas, such as Industry 4.0. Further, substantiating the design process will help designers, engineers, and human factors researchers with an accessible pathway that links the design brief to the final interface form. Therefore, this article delves into the “design” basis in the work of the Risø group and other prominent EID researchers and practitioners. In addition, it draws from a variety of themes in the discipline of design that addresses methodology. In particular, key insights are drawn from the design methods movement (1960s—); design, communication, and complexity from the Ulm school of design, 1953–1968; cognitive research conducted on designers and design activities; and finally, interaction design and communication design processes and models. All of these insights have been used syncretically to create the new integrated EID (iEID) process. This new design process consists of nine stages divided into three phases of divergence, transformation, and convergence, converting the initial design brief to the final interface. The steps of iEID are demonstrated using the example of interface design for a “digital twin” in the manufacturing sector.
Viscoelastic hydromagnetic oscillatory flow in a channel in the presence of sinusoidal pressure gradient and linear motion of the plate
Authors: Ojha Kanaka Lata , Swain Kharabela , Dash Pratikshya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe surge of interest to explain the effect of sinusoidal pressure gradient on an unsteady two‐dimensional viscoelastic hydromagnetic flow in a channel backed with porous material is the focus of discussion in the present problem. The channel walls are subjected to constant motion. The presence of a transverse magnetic field at a distance acts as an additional body force, a controlling device, as well an input of the system. The elasticity of the liquid in motion and porosity of the medium characterize the flow field. The analytical solution ends in an important conclusion: the degree of the elastic property of the liquid (addition of polymeric substance) acts to accelerate the flow, and the magnetic intensity of the transversal magnetic field acts as an input to decelerate the motion as well as regulate the oscillatory time to avoid flow reversal.
Paid and unpaid productivity losses due to premature mortality from cancer in Europe in 2018
Authors: Ortega‐Ortega Marta , Hanly Paul , Pearce Alison , Soerjomataram Isabelle , Sharp Linda 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhen someone dies prematurely from cancer this represents a loss of productivity for society. This loss can be valued and provides a measure of the cancer burden. We estimated paid and unpaid productivity lost due to cancer‐related premature mortality in 31 European countries in 2018. Lost productivity was estimated for all cancers combined and 23 cancer sites, overall, by region and country. Deaths aged 15 to 64 were abstracted from GLOBOCAN 2018. Unpaid time lost (housework, caring, volunteering) was derived from Eurostat. Paid and unpaid productivity losses were valued using the human capital approach. In total, 347,149 premature cancer deaths occurred (60% male). The total value of cancer‐related lost productivity was €104.6 billion. Of this, €52.9 billion (50.6%) was due to lost paid work, and €51.7 billion (49.4%) to unpaid work. Females accounted for 36.7% of paid work costs but half (51.1%) of the unpaid work costs. Costs were highest in Western Europe (€52.0 billion). The most costly cancer was lung (€21.7 billion), followed by breast (€10.6 billion). The average loss per premature death was highest for Hodgkin's lymphoma (€506 345), melanoma (€450 694), brain cancer (€428 449) and leukaemia (€378 750). Cancer‐related lost productivity costs are significant. Almost half are due to unpaid work losses, indicating the importance of considering both paid and unpaid labour in assessing the cancer economic burden. The high cost per premature death of some less common cancers illustrates the potential benefits that could accrue from investment in prevention and control of these cancers.
Molecular profiles and urinary biomarkers of upper tract urothelial carcinomas associated with aristolochic acid exposure
Authors: Karanović Sandra , Ardin Maude , Tang Zuojian , Tomić Karla , Villar Stephanie , Renard Claire , Venturini Elisa , Lorch Adam H. , Lee Daniel S. , Stipančić Želimir , Slade Neda , Vuković Brinar Ivana , Dittrich Damir , Karlović Krešimir , Borovečki Fran , Dickman Kathleen G. , Olivier Magali , Grollman Arthur P. , Jelaković Bojan , Zavadil Jiri 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecurrent upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs) arise in the context of nephropathy linked to exposure to the herbal carcinogen aristolochic acid (AA). Here we delineated the molecular programs underlying UTUC tumorigenesis in patients from endemic aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) regions in Southern Europe. We applied an integrative multiomics analysis of UTUCs, corresponding unaffected tissues and of patient urines. Quantitative microRNA (miRNA) and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression profiling, immunohistochemical analysis by tissue microarrays and exome and transcriptome sequencing were performed in UTUC and nontumor tissues. Urinary miRNAs of cases undergoing surgery were profiled before and after tumor resection. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein levels were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests and trend assessment. Dedicated bioinformatic tools were used for analysis of pathways, mutational signatures and result visualization. The results delineate UTUC‐specific miRNA:mRNA networks comprising 89 miRNAs associated with 1,862 target mRNAs, involving deregulation of cell cycle, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage response, DNA repair, bladder cancer, oncogenes, tumor suppressors, chromatin structure regulators and developmental signaling pathways. Key UTUC‐specific transcripts were confirmed at the protein level. Exome and transcriptome sequencing of UTUCs revealed AA‐specific mutational signature SBS22, with 68% to 76% AA‐specific, deleterious mutations propagated at the transcript level, a possible basis for neoantigen formation and immunotherapy targeting. We next identified a signature of UTUC‐specific miRNAs consistently more abundant in the patients' urine prior to tumor resection, thereby defining biomarkers of tumor presence. The complex gene regulation programs of AAN‐associated UTUC tumors involve regulatory miRNAs prospectively applicable to noninvasive urine‐based screening of AAN patients for cancer presence and recurrence.
Management of amended variant classification laboratory reports by genetic counselors in the United States and Canada: An exploratory study
Authors: Richardson Brooke , Fitzgerald‐Butt Sara M. , Spoonamore Katherine G. , Wetherill Leah , Helm Benjamin M. , Breman Amy M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFor the past two decades, the guidelines put forth by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) detailing providers’ clinical responsibility to recontact patients have remained mostly unchanged, despite evolving variant interpretation practices which have yielded substantial rates of reclassification and amended reports. In fact, there is little information regarding genetic counselors’ roles in informing patients of reclassified variants, or the process by which these amended reports are currently being handled. In this study, we developed a survey to measure current experiences with amended variant reports and preferences for ideal management, which was completed by 96 genetic counselors from the United States and Canada. All respondents indicated they were the individuals responsible for disclosing initial positive genetic testing results and any clinically actionable reclassified variant reports, and over half (56%) received at least a few amended variant reports each year. Nearly a quarter (20/87) of respondents reported having a standard operating procedure (SOP) for managing amended reports and all were very satisfied (12/20) or satisfied (8/20) with the SOP. Of those without a protocol, 76% (51/67) would prefer to have an SOP implemented. Respondents reported a preference for (1) laboratories to send amended variant reports directly to the genetic counselor or ordering physician through email or an online portal, and (2) notification to patients ideally occurring through a phone call. In the event that the original genetic counselor is inaccessible, respondents reported a preference for reports to be sent directly to another genetic counselor (36%) on the team or the clinic in general (27%). Information from this study provides insight into the current practices of genetic counselors as applied to amended reports and what improvements may increase the efficiency of the reporting process. Moreover, these results suggest a need for an updated statement addressing duty to recontact, specifically as it applies to amended variant reports.
Late‐onset argininosuccinic aciduria in a 72‐year‐old man presenting with fatal hyperammonemia
Authors: Leuger Laurent , Dieu Xavier , Chao de la Barca Juan Manuel , Moriconi Mikael , Halley Guillaume , Donin de Rosière Xavier , Reynier Pascal , Mirebeau‐Prunier Delphine , Homedan Chadi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArgininosuccinate lyase deficiency (ASLD, MIM #207900) is an inherited urea cycle disorder. There are mainly two clinical forms, an acute neonatal form which manifests as life‐threatening hyperammonemia, and a late‐onset form characterised by polymorphic neuro‐cognitive or psychiatric presentation with transient hyperammonemia episodes. Here, we report a late‐onset case of ASLD in a 72‐year‐old man carrying a homozygous pathogenic variant in the exon 16 of the ASL gene, presenting for the first time with fatal hyperammonemic coma. This case report shows the need to systematically carry out an ammonia assay when faced with an unexplained coma.
The link between avian brachial index, flight capability and the neornithine evolutionary radiation
Authors: Karoullas Carolina , Nudds Robert L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn dictating the relative distances between the elbow, shoulder and wrist, avian brachial index (BI = humerus/radius‐ulna length) likely influences wing kinematics and, therefore, might predict extinct avian flight capability. This underpins the hypothesis that non‐neornithine Mesozoic avialans with relatively low BIs (associated with improved flight capabilities) restricted neornithine diversification until after the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. Here, correlations between flight metrics (wingbeat frequency (f), stroke angle (θ), wing loading (Q) and aspect ratio) and BI were investigated and vice versa. Additionally, the evolutionary model best describing the phylogenetic distribution of BI, and the temporal patterns in BI, flight metrics, body mass (Mb), and size‐corrected humerus (Lh) and radius‐ulna (Lru) length were determined. BI was best described by Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes, with lowαvalues indicating a gradual shift towards a future theoretical optimum. BI also decreased overall through evolutionary time with the flight metrics mirroring temporal patterns of change in BI.Mb,LhandLruoverall decreased apart from increases inLhandLrufollowing the middle‐late Miocene (also leading to BI increasing) due to diversifications of the Anatinae and Sphenisciformes.Lhoverall decreased further thanLru.Consequently, decreasingLhmainly contributed to decreasing BI through evolutionary time, implying flight performance increased through neornithine evolution. However, the timings of radiations in these variables implies an Eocene radiation of neornthine flight ecology rather than a rapid expansion into niches vacated by non‐neornithine Mesozoic avialians following the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. Multiple regressions showedf,θandQexplained 60% of variation in BI. However, unequivocally evaluating whether BI is related to wing movement (and flight capability) requires direct measures of wing movement for many species, which are currently unavailable. Finally, the findings here and previously observed clade‐specificity in BI, suggest flight ecology may also be clade‐specific. Hence, the utility of phylogeny in predicting flight ecology requires exploration.
A monostatic laser polarization isolation system for light pollution and velocity combined laser heterodyne detection
Authors: Qu Yang , Jia Xue , Chen Zhongbiao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn order to solve the signal aliasing problem when tracking and detecting mobile laser pollution sources, a monostatic laser polarization isolation system is designed and built. Through the polarization state and received power detection experiments, the results of the prototype show that this system can effectively separate different signal echoes and has excellent signal receiving ability.
Screening Design of Experiments of AGET ATRP of Butyl Methacrylate in a Stirred Emulsion Reactor
Authors: Awad Mohammed , Dhib Ramdhane , Duever Thomas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the ab initio atom transfer radical polymerization of butyl methacrylate using activator generated by electron transfer in a well‐mixed 2 L emulsion reactor. A first time reported polymerization system initiates by a catalyst complex with hexamethylenetetramine as a ligand and in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate as an anionic surfactant. The system shows a relatively low monomer conversion rate of 14% and a controlled number average molecular weight (Mn) of 8 kg mol−1with a polydispersity index (Ð) of 1.24 for 2 h reaction time. A statistical design of experiments is followed to study the effects of reaction temperature, surfactant amount, stirring speed, and ligand amount to assess their impact on the monomer conversion,Mn, andÐ. A fractional factorial with a resolution IV design is adopted and an empirical regression model is developed from eight experimental trials. The results tell that the reaction temperature has the greatest influential on the process outputs. Also, the surfactant amount and stirring speed strongly affect the conversion rate, while the ligand amount strongly affects theMnandÐ. The results also show that the temperature–surfactant interaction is the most significant on the conversion rate andMn.
A bioarchaeological approach for the examination of two Lithuanian clergymen: Juozapas Arnulfas Giedraitis and Simonas Mykolas Giedraitis (18th–19th centuries AD)
Authors: Piombino‐Mascali Dario , Brindzaitė Rūta , Jankauskas Rimantas , Girčius Rokas , Tamošiūnas Algirdas , Motuzaitė Matuzevičiūtė Giedrė , Kozakaitė Justina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the summer of 2019, members of the Faculty of Medicine of Vilnius University were summoned by the diocese of Telšiai to carry out an investigation of the mortal remains of Juozapas Arnulfas Giedraitis and Simonas Mykolas Giedraitis, two high religious dignitaries entombed in the crypt of the parish of St Peter and St Paul, Apostles, at Varniai (Samogitia, Lithuania). The aim of the study was to confirm their identity, to obtain data for compiling an osteo‐biographic profile, and to assess any manipulation of the bodies that resulted in their preservation. The remains concerned underwent anthropological, paleopathological, and archaeobotanical investigations, supplemented by a radiological analysis for the individual who displayed tissue mummification. There was evidence of bodily processing after death, which included internal organ removal, the use of specific plant species known to have antiseptic and disinfectant properties, as well as chemical preservatives. In combination with the available historic sources, this study aimed to provide a detailed bioarchaeological assessment to enrich our understanding of previously undocumented postmortem bodily treatments and preservation practices among these high‐ranked Lithuanian clergymen.
Nano fibrillated cellulose‐based foam by Pickering emulsion: Preparation, characterizations, and application as dye adsorbent
Authors: Purkayastha Srijita , Ghosh Anup K. , Saha Sampa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn ecofriendly and biodegradable porous structure was prepared from drying aqueous foams based on nano fibrillated cellulose (NFC), extracted from softwood pulp by subcritical water/CO2 treatment (SC‐NFC). The primary aim of this work was to use the modified SC‐NFC as stabilizer for a water‐based Pickering emulsion which upon drying, yielded porous cellulosic materials, a good dye adsorbent. In order to exploit the carboxymethylated SC‐NFC (CMSC‐NFC, with a degree of substitution of 0.35 and a charge density of 649 μeqv/g) as a stabilizer for water‐based Pickering emulsion in subsequent step, an optimized quantity of octyl amine (30 mg/g of SC‐NFC) was added to make them partially hydrophobic. A series of dry foam structures were prepared by varying the concentrations of treated CMSC‐NFCs and 4 wt% was found to be the optimum concentration to yield foam with high porosity (99%) and low density (0.038 g/cc) along with high compression strength (0.24 MPa), superior to the conventionally extracted NFC. The foams were applied to capture as high as 98% of methylene blue dyes, making them a potential green candidate for treating industrial effluent. In addition, the dye adsorption kinetics and isotherms were found to be well suited with second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models.
Registration of ‘S13‐3851C’ soybean as a high‐yielding conventional cultivar with high oil content and broad disease resistance and adaptation
Authors: Chen P. , Shannon G. , Scaboo A. , Crisel M. , Smothers S. , Clubb M. , Selves S. , Vieira C. C. , Ali M. L. , Lee D. , Nguyen H. T. , Li Z. , Mitchum M. G. , Bond J. , Meinhardt C. , Usovsky M. , Li S. , Mengistu A. , Robbins R. T. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract‘S13‐3851C’ (Reg. no. CV‐541, PI 698653) is an early maturity group IV (relative maturity 4.4) conventional soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar released by the University of Missouri–Fisher Delta Research Center Soybean Breeding Program. It was developed from a conventional breeding scheme focusing on parental traits including high oil content, multiple disease resistance, and high yielding potential. S13‐3851C has purple flowers, light tawny pubescence, tan pod wall, and indeterminate growth habit. Seeds of S13‐3851C have a black hilum and intermediate seed luster, with 230.8 g kg−1 of oil and 404.1 g kg−1 of protein content on a dry‐weight basis. S13‐3851C is resistant to stem canker, sudden death syndrome, charcoal rot, and Phytophthora root rot. S13‐3851C showed high yield potential and broad adaptability in 113 environments across 12 states, yielding 102% of the check average and 103% of the test average in Missouri and other southern states during the testing period (2014–2018).
Automation of single‐cell proteomic sample preparation
Authors: Alexovič Michal , Sabo Ján , Longuespée Rémi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMolecular heterogeneity exists at different spatial scales in biological samples and is an important parameter in the development of pathologies and resistances to therapies. When aiming to reach molecular heterogeneity of cells at extremely low spatial scales, single‐cell analysis can be the ultimate choice. Proteomics performed in bulk population of cells (macroproteomics) is prone to mask molecular heterogeneity. Mass spectrometry‐based single cell proteomics (SCP‐MS) is the right solution to overcome this issue. Three main problems can be identified using SCP‐MS: (i) analytical loss during sample preparation, (ii) inefficient microinjection/delivery of proteins/peptides from samples to MS and (iii) low analytical throughput. Technologies for automation of SCP have recently gained attention to improve methods accuracy, sensitivity, throughput and in‐depth and low‐biased proteome analysis. In this minireview, we therefore overview the state‐of‐the‐art of automation of SCP‐MS sample preparation approaches.