bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of long‐term extracurricular scientific research on the medical students: Insight from Jinan University Medical School
Authors: Wang Guang , Ma Xin‐yue , Cheng Xin , Luo Chao‐hua , Wang Heng , Xu Xu , Lee Kenneth Ka Ho , Yang Xuesong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe benefits and long‐term effects of extracurricular scientific research on undergraduate students in many countries have been intensively investigated, but it remains obscure for Chinese medical students. In this study, we investigated the outcome of 60 medical students who have participated in extracurricular scientific research at Jinan University Medical School over a period of 7 years (2011–2018). The results revealed that these students have contributed to 31 biomedical science articles in reputable academic journals, as first‐ or co‐authors. Furthermore, they also independently procured various funding based on their research achievements, and smaller awards for achievements in conferences and competitions. Assessment of the grade point average score of these students revealed that conducting extracurricular scientific research did not affect their routine medical study and exam grades (P>0.05). The students benefited from participating in extracurricular research, by acquiring the ability to think scientifically and enhancing their communication skills. In addition, the medical students were motivated to enlist for postgraduate studies so that they could further embark in scientific research. In sum, Chinese medical students are capable of participating in scientific research and make a significant contribution to science.
Prognostic implication of right ventricular dysfunction and tricuspid regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Granot Yoav , Merdler Ilan , Finkelstein Ariel , Arbel Yaron , Banai Shmuel , Topilsky Yan , Scwartz Lorin Arie , Segev Amit , Barbash Israel , Fefer Paul , Danenberg Haim , Shuvy Mony , Perlman Gidon , Kornowski Ran , Shapira Yaron , Orvin Katia , Steinvil Arie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesRight ventricular (RV) dysfunction and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) are associated with adverse outcomes in severe aortic stenosis (AS) patients. Our aim was to evaluate the association between ≥moderate TR and RV dysfunction on long‐term mortality following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).MethodsA retrospective analysis of the Israeli multicenter TAVR registry among 4,344 consecutive patients, with all‐cause mortality as the main outcome measure.ResultsEchocardiographic assessment of TR grade and RV dysfunction was available for 3,733 and 1,850 patients, of whom ≥moderate TR and RV dysfunction was noted for 478(13%) and 78(4%), respectively. The mean follow‐up time was 2.9 ± 2.3 years. In univariate models, ≥Moderate TR and ≥moderate RV dysfunction were associated with increased long‐term mortality (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.24–1.69, p < .001 and HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.21–2.47, p = 0.003, respectively). These finding did not remained significant after adjusting to echocardiographic parameters. A subset of patients with no improvement in RV function had the highest long‐term mortality risk (HR 3.3, 95% CI 1.95–5.7, p < .001).ConclusionWhen adjusted to multiple echocardiographic characteristics baseline ≥Moderate TR and ≥moderate RV dysfunction were not associated with long‐term mortality following TAVR. Persistent RV dysfunction following TAVR was associated with the highest risk for mortality.
Nasal‐alar invasive cutaneous aspergillosis in a patient with anaplastic astrocytoma: A case report
Authors: Aljariri Adham A. , Shaikh Ahmed , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Petkar Mahir A. , Ganesan Shanmugam 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInvasive aspergillosis is commonly encountered in immunosuppressed patients either primarily through direct inoculation or secondary from blood dissemination. This report describes a case of 53 years old immunocompromised female patient who was diagnosed with frontotemporal anaplastic astrocytoma and developed nasal skin lesion turned to be invasive cutaneous aspergillosis.
Pulvermischer für Seifensieder
Authors: Hilleke Ludger 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDie Produktionskette für metallische Seifen ist hochgradig komplex und sehr individuell von firmentypischen Prozessphilosophien geprägt. Dabei ist der Prozessschritt „Pulvermischen“ an mehreren Stellen von Bedeutung, wie der Mischtechnik‐Spezialist Stefan
Die Öko Design Richtlinie: für ein grünes Europa
Authors: Stoffel Thorsten 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIm Juli 2021 wird es eine Veränderung der energetischen Bewertung von Luftfiltern in neuen Lüftungsanlagen geben. Grundlage für diese neue Bewertung ist die europäische Energieeinsparverordnung, kurz EnEV. In diesem Artikel geht der Autor auf die neue Bew
Wertschöpfung beim Warennachschub
Authors: Homburg Claudia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn der Warenwirtschaft müssen Betriebsabläufe immer genauer geplant werden. Da ist der richtige Zeitpunkt für eine Zu‐ oder Ablieferung im wahrsten Sinne des Wortes Gold wert. Mit dem autarken Radar‐Füllstandsensor Vegapuls Air besteht nicht nur jederzeit
Methoden der Differenzdruckmessung
Authors: Krause Peter 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUnter den möglichen Verfahren zur überwachung des Filtrationsprozesses ist die Messung des Differenzdruckes die üblichste Variante. Hier existieren mehrere Verfahren, die von der visuellen Kontrolle über Manometer, die Weiterleitung eines analogen Signals
Perturbation‐based null hypothesis tests with an application to Clayton models
Authors: Shu Di , He Wenqing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNull hypothesis tests are popularly used when there is no appropriate alternative hypothesis available, especially in model assessment, where the assumed model is evaluated with no model being considered an alternative. Motivated by a test for Clayton models in multivariate survival analysis, we propose a perturbation‐based method for null hypothesis testing that makes use of the resampling approach in Jin et al. (Jin et al., Biometrika; 2001; 88, 381–390) to estimate the variance–covariance matrix of an estimator to avoid intractable variance estimation. The proposed tests are straightforward and theoretically justified. We apply the proposed method to modify the tests in Shih (Shih, Biometrika; 1998; 85, 189–200) for the assessment of Clayton models. The proposed tests present satisfactory performance in simulation studies. A colon cancer dataset further illustrates the proposed tests.
Standardized Stirring for Small Scale Surveys**
Authors: Omari Isaac , Paul Mathias , McIndoe J. Scott 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStirring rates in heterogeneous catalytic reactions have an effect on reaction rates. When conducting small‐scale surveys using a single central stir plate, reaction vessels in different positions experience slightly different levels and patterns of agitation. We probed this effect by running the same reaction 40 times, varying the stir rate (fast/slow) and the vial position using two 3D‐printed vial holders. We found variability of conversion (measured mass spectrometrically) to be approximately two times higher for vials placed somewhat randomly in comparison to when vials are consistently placed at a fixed distance from the centre of the stir plate, but the effect was relatively small and could be minimized by using a high stir rate. For those experimenters wishing to completely eliminate differential stirring as a cause for variation in results, the 3D‐printed circular array we designed is recommended over a conventional rectangular array.
Ocular dominance columns in V1 are more susceptible than associated callosal patches to imbalance of eye input during precritical and critical periods
Authors: Olavarria Jaime F. , Laing Robyn J. , Andelin Adrian K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn Long Evans rats, ocular dominance columns (ODCs) in V1 overlap with patches of callosal connections. Using anatomical tracers, we found that ODCs and callosal patches are present at postnatal day 10 (P10), several days before eye opening, and about 10 days before the activation of the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity (~P20). In rats monocularly enucleated at P10 and perfused ~P20, ODCs ipsilateral to the remaining eye desegregated, indicating that rat ODCs are highly susceptible to monocular enucleation during a precritical period. Monocular enucleation during the critical period exerted significant, although smaller, effects. Monocular eye lid suture during the critical period led to a significant expansion of the ipsilateral projection from the nondeprived eye, whereas the contralateral projection invaded into, and intermixed with, ipsilateral ODCs innervated by the deprived eye. We propose that this intermixing allows callosal connections to contribute to the effects of monocular deprivation assessed in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the nondeprived eye. The ipsilateral and contralateral projections from the deprived eye did not undergo significant shrinkage. In contrast, we found that callosal patches are less susceptible to imbalance of eye input. In rats monocularly enucleated during either the precritical or critical periods, callosal patches were maintained in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the remaining eye, but desegregated in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the enucleated orbit. Callosal patches were maintained in rats binocularly enucleated at P10 or later. Similarly, monocular deprivation during the critical period had no significant effect on callosal patches in either hemisphere.
Ab initio Molecular Dynamics Investigations of the Speciation and Reactivity of Deep Eutectic Electrolytes in Aluminum Batteries
Authors: Carrasco‐Busturia David , Lysgaard Steen , Jankowski Piotr , Vegge Tejs , Bhowmik Arghya , García‐Lastra Juan María 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as an alternative for conventional ionic liquids in aluminum batteries. Elucidating DESs composition is fundamental to understand aluminum electrodeposition in the battery anode. Despite numerous experimental efforts, the speciation of these DESs remains elusive. This work shows how ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations can shed light on the molecular composition of DESs. For the particular example of AlCl3:urea, one of the most popular DESs, we carried out a systematic AIMD study, showing how an excess of AlCl3 in the AlCl3:urea mixture promotes the stability of ionic species vs neutral ones and also favors the reactivity in the system. These two facts explain the experimentally observed enhanced electrochemical activity in salt‐rich DESs. We also observe the transfer of simple [AlClx(urea)y] clusters between different species in the liquid, giving rise to free [AlCl4]− units. The small size of these [AlCl4]− units favors the transport of ionic species towards the anode, facilitating the electrodeposition of aluminum.
VPS4B deficiency causes early embryonic lethality and induces signal transduction disorders of cell endocytosis
Authors: Chen Danna , He Fei , Lu Ting , Huang Jin , Li Meiyi , Cai Decheng , Huang Cheng , Chen Dong , Xiong Fu 
Published: March 2021

SummaryVPS4B (vacuolar protein sorting 4B), a member of the ATPase associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA) protein family, is a component of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport machinery which regulates the internalization and lysosomal degradation of membrane proteins. We previously reported that VPS4B is one of the pathogenic genes related to dentin dysplasia type I, although its function was largely unknown. To investigate the role of VPS4B in tooth development, we deleted the Vps4b gene in mice. We found that heterozygous knockout mice (Vps4b+/−) developed normally and were fertile. However, homozygous deletion of the Vps4b gene resulted in early embryonic lethality of Vps4b−/− mice at approximately embryonic day 9.5 (E9.5). To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we examined the molecular functions of VPS4B in vivo and in vitro. Cell experiments showed that VPS4B influenced the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of transfected human neuroblastoma cells (IMR‐32 cells) with over‐expression or knockdown of VPS4B. Moreover, qRT‐PCR detection showed that the mRNA expression levels of apoptosis‐, cell cycle‐, and endocytosis‐related genes was significantly down or up‐regulated in RNA interference‐mediated knockdown of VPS4B in IMR‐32 cells and Vps4b+/− E12.5 embryos. We accordingly speculated that signal transduction disorders of cell endocytosis are a contributing factor to the prenatal lethality of Vps4b−/− mice.
Governing AI‐Driven Health Research: Are IRBs Up to the Task?
Authors: Friesen Phoebe , Douglas‐Jones Rachel , Marks Mason , Pierce Robin , Fletcher Katherine , Mishra Abhishek , Lorimer Jessica , Véliz Carissa , Hallowell Nina , Graham Mackenzie , Chan Mei Sum , Davies Huw , Sallamuddin Taj 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTMany are calling for concrete mechanisms of oversight for health research involving artificial intelligence (AI). In response, institutional review boards (IRBs) are being turned to as a familiar model of governance. Here, we examine the IRB model as a form of ethics oversight for health research that uses AI. We consider the model's origins, analyze the challenges IRBs are facing in the contexts of both industry and academia, and offer concrete recommendations for how these committees might be adapted in order to provide an effective mechanism of oversight for health‐related AI research.
The thermal impacts of beach nourishment across a regionally important loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) rookery
Authors: Shamblott Kaitlynn M. , Reneker Jaymie L. , Kamel Stephanie J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBeach nourishment is a common coastal management practice used to protect and maintain infrastructure, tourist revenue, and sandy beach habitats. Coastal erosion and increased development along the coast of North Carolina, USA, have resulted in increased use of beach nourishment as an environmentally friendly alternative to hard structures, such as groins and jetties. Despite its advantages, beach nourishment can alter the thermal properties of a beach, potentially impacting the incubation environment of species that utilize this habitat during reproduction. Importantly, in organisms with temperature‐dependent sex determination, the incubation environment plays a key role in determining offspring sex ratios, hatchling survival, and fitness. Here we investigate how beach nourishment influences thermal properties and sand characteristics of eight beaches in the high‐density loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nesting region of North Carolina. We find that, despite considerable spatial and temporal variation, nourishment is a significant predictor of mean monthly sand temperatures in both univariate and multivariable predictive models. Across a season, nourished beach sections are, on average, 0.4°C (range 0.3–0.8°C) warmer than their unnourished counterparts. Nourishment is also a significant predictor of the mean and variance of sand grain size. Furthermore, variation in mean grain size, the relative percent of small, medium and large grain sizes and albedo are mainly responsible for differences in mean monthly sand temperatures. As such, the coarser and darker sand often used in nourishment projects may exacerbate climate driven increases in surface temperature.
Ribbed mussel Geukensia demissa population response to living shoreline design and ecosystem development
Authors: Bilkovic Donna Marie , Isdell Robert E. , Guthrie Amanda G. , Mitchell Molly M. , Chambers Randolph M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCoastal communities increasingly invest in natural and nature‐based features (e.g., living shorelines) as a strategy to protect shorelines and enhance coastal resilience. Tidal marshes are a common component of these strategies because of their capacity to reduce wave energy and storm surge impacts. Performance metrics of restoration success for living shorelines tend to focus on how the physical structure of the created marsh enhances shoreline protection via proper elevation and marsh plant presence. These metrics do not fully evaluate the level of marsh ecosystem development. In particular, the presence of key marsh bivalve species can indicate the capability of the marsh to provide non‐protective services of value, such as water quality improvement and habitat provision. We observed an unexpected low to no abundance of the filter‐feeding ribbed mussel, Geukensia demissa, in living shoreline marshes throughout Chesapeake Bay. In salt marsh ecosystems along the Atlantic Coast of the United States, ribbed mussels improve water quality, enhance nutrient removal, stabilize the marsh, and facilitate long‐term sustainability of the habitat. Through comparative field surveys and experiments within a chronosequence of 13 living shorelines spanning 2–16 years since construction, we examined three factors we hypothesized may influence recruitment of ribbed mussels to living shoreline marshes: (1) larval access to suitable marsh habitat, (2) sediment quality of low marsh (i.e., potential mussel habitat), and (3) availability of high‐quality refuge habitat. Our findings suggest that at most sites larval mussels are able to access and settle on living shoreline created marshes behind rock sill structures, but that most recruits are likely not surviving. Sediment organic matter (OM) and plant density were correlated with mussel abundance, and sediment OM increased with marsh age, suggesting that living shoreline design (e.g., sand fill, planting grids) and lags in ecosystem development (sediment properties) are reducing the survival of the young recruits. We offer potential modifications to living shoreline design and implementation practices that may facilitate self‐sustaining ribbed mussel populations in these restored habitats.
Interactive effects of hydrology and fire drive differential biogeochemical legacies in subtropical wetlands
Authors: Nocentini Andrea , Kominoski John S. , Sah Jay 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFire is an important component of many ecosystems, as it impacts biodiversity, biogeochemical cycles, and primary production. In wetlands, fire interacts with hydrologic regimes and other ecosystem characteristics to determine soil carbon (C) gains or losses and rates of nutrient cycling. However, how legacies of fire interact with wetland hydroperiod to affect soil chemistry is uncertain. We used the Florida Everglades as a model landscape to study how fire regimes, hydroperiod, and soil types collectively contribute to long‐term C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) concentrations and stoichiometric mass ratios (C:N, C:P, N:P) in both short‐ and long‐hydroperiod subtropical wetlands that consist of marl and peat soils, respectively. We used fire records from 1948 to 2018 and hydroperiod from 1991 to 2003, and analyzed these data together with soil chemistry data collected during two extensive field surveys (n = 539) across different ecosystem and soil types throughout Everglades National Park. We also analyzed macrophyte and periphyton P concentrations (n = 150) collected from 2003 to 2016 in fire‐impacted wetland sites. Hydroperiod was the main driver of soil C concentration in both marl and peat soils, but fire played a substantial role in nutrient cycling. Particularly in marl soils, soil P concentrations were affected by the absence of fire. In the first decade post‐fire, we observed an amplification of P cycling with decreased soil C:P ratios by 95% and N:P ratios by 45%. After more than a decade post‐fire, soil P became increasingly depleted (41% lower). Macrophyte P tissue concentration was 50% higher only in the first year post‐fire, whereas periphyton P did not change. By recycling nutrients and through removal of litter accumulation, which forms a physical obstacle to photosynthesis, fire likely helps maintain high levels of macrophyte aboveground live biomass as well. Given its substantial effect on nutrient cycling, we advocate for fire management that uses fire return intervals that minimize depletion of soil nutrients and promote positive feedbacks to productivity in wetland ecosystems. In addition, coordinated management of fire return intervals and wetland hydroperiod can be used to set priorities for wetland soil nutrient concentrations and ratios.
A tale of two hashtags: An examination of moral content of pro‐ and anti‐government tweets in Turkey
Authors: Bayrak Fatih , Alper Sinan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDuring the campaign period of the 2018 Presidential Election in Turkey, there was a burst in the number of tweets posted by both pro‐ and anti‐government Twitter users. Both sides started their own hashtags and reached a total of 2 million tweets in only one day. We analyzed the content of 186,554 tweets from two opposing ideological camps to test the predictions of Moral Foundations Theory, which suggests that liberals and conservatives endorse different moral foundations. We scored each side's level of emphasis on different moral foundations using the Turkish Moral Foundations Dictionary and compared the two groups. Results revealed that the supporters of the conservative government in Turkey were more likely to endorse care, loyalty, and authority foundations of morality, as compared to those who oppose the conservative government. In addition, the general moral emphasis was higher in the tweets of the pro‐government group. Being one of the first studies investigating the moral content of political tweets in a non‐WEIRD context, the current study yields important findings regarding the external validity of the Moral Foundations Theory's predictions in different cultures.
Retracted: Design and performance test on segmented‐differential threshing and separating unit for head‐feed combine harvester
Authors: Tian Liquan , Lin Xue , Xiong Yongsen , Ding Zhao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn order to solve the contradiction between incomplete thresh, separation loss, and grain breakage rate during the harvest of super hybrid rice by the conventional threshing and separating unit for the head‐feed combine harvester, the segmented‐differential threshing and separating unit for the head‐feed combine harvester was developed. The unit was mainly composed of a coaxial segmented‐differential threshing drum and rotary concave screen. This paper expounds on the structure and working principle of segmented‐differential threshing and separating unit. With the rotate speed of the segmented‐differential drum, the linear velocity of the rotary concave screen, and the clamping chain speed as the test factors, the grain loss rate, breakage rate, and impurity rate as the performance indicators, three‐factor quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination design test is performed. This paper analyzes the test results by using the Design‐Expert6.0.10 software, establishes a performance indicator mathematic model of the threshing and separating unit, and determines the optimal working parameter combination. Moreover, this paper performs a contrast test of the segmented‐differential threshing and separating unit to the conventional single‐speed unit, and using MATLAB software to establish a distribution model of threshed materials and make an analysis. Results show that when the rotate speed of low‐speed/high‐speed drum in the segmented‐differential threshing and separating unit was 505/680 r/min, the linear velocity of the rotary concave screen was 1 m/s and the clamping chain speed was 1.26 m/s, the grain loss rate, breakage rate, and impurity rate were 1.94%, 0.21%, and 0.56%, respectively.