bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional CuO‐Coated Mesh for Wastewater Treatment: Effective Oil/Water Separation, Organic Contaminants Photodegradation, and Bacterial Photodynamic Inactivation
Authors: Meng Tingting , Zhang Jianhong , Wang Huichao , Fu Nuo , Wang Mengpei , Li Weishang , Shi Ruixin , Peng Bo , Li Peng , Deng Ziwei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe complex pollutants in wastewater including insoluble oils, organic dyes, and bacteria, have caused severe environmental problems, which are harmful to ecosystems and human health and are complex and difficult to achieve wastewater purification with one material or single procedure. Herein, a facile, yet environmentally benign strategy is proposed to fabricate a superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic CuO‐coated mesh for all‐in‐one wastewater treatment. In this strategy, the hierarchical micro/nanostructured CuO‐coated mesh is fabricated via an oxidation–dehydration process, which simultaneously endows the mesh with superwetting ability, remarkable photocatalytic degradation ability, and excellent photodynamic antibacterial activity. This CuO‐coated mesh first exhibits the special underwater superoleophobicity, superior durability, reusability, and high antifouling capability, which ensures its high separation efficiency for oil/water mixtures. Then, this CuO‐coated mesh is underwater superoleophobic, possessing the remarkable photocatalytic degradation performance of organic dye contaminates in water and excellent photodynamic antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus under visible‐light irradiation. As such, it plays a multi‐role in wastewater remedy, significantly simplifying the implementation and saving the cost in practice. This work suggests a promising approach for the design of multi‐functional materials in environmental remedies.
Oxygen permeation simulation of La0.8Ca0.2Fe0.95O3−δ‐Ag hollow fiber membrane at different modes and flow configurations
Authors: Zhang Shude , Yeo Jason Yi Juang , Li Claudia , Meng Xiuxia , Yang Naitao , Sunarso Jaka , Liu Shaomin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMixed ionic‐electronic conducting La0.8Ca0.2Fe0.95O3−δ‐Ag (LCF‐Ag) ceramic hollow fiber membranes possess high structural stability and up to 2.24‐fold higher oxygen permeation fluxes relative to LCF hollow fibers. In this work, the oxygen permeation of LCF‐Ag hollow fiber membrane module is simulated under sweep gas and vacuum operation modes, whereas the kinetic parameters were obtained by fitting the experimental data with the simplified Tan–Li model. The good correlation obtained from the data regression confirmed the compatibility of the selected model on the LCF‐Ag hollow fiber membrane. The simulated results revealed that the countercurrent flow configuration is generally favored in sweep gas operation given its potential of complete oxygen separation under optimized conditions. For vacuum operation, the oxygen yield is practically the same for both flow configurations at a moderate vacuum setting. At a very low vacuum pressure setting, however, cocurrent flow is preferred over countercurrent flow for maximizing the oxygen yield.
Interpreting error in the estimation of skeletal growth profiles from past populations: An example demonstrating skeletal growth in historic African American communities
Authors: Wolfe Christopher A. , Herrmann Nicholas P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe study of growth in the past is a critical component of bioarcheological analyses. However, our understanding of growth in the past is subject to a number of methodological challenges. This study aims to model the skeletal growth of past populations by considering the challenges associated with the data collection process and the challenges associated with the age estimation procedures.Materials and methodsWe use skeletal remains from two historic African American cemeteries in the American South to model femoral diaphyseal length‐for‐age. We estimate the age of each individual using dental development techniques and present growth curves as both a product of the maximum likelihood (MLE) age estimate and the estimated posterior age distribution. Growth was compared against a reference sample from the University of Colorado Child Research Council Study.ResultsThe results of our analyses showed that femoral diaphyseal length in two historic African American communities is small‐for‐estimated age as compared to a modern reference sample. However, the magnitude and characterization of this difference is variable when taking into account the broader posterior age distribution.DiscussionBoth samples may be small‐for‐age due to physiological stress associated with racism, inequality, and the compounding effects of early urbanization. However, the interpretation of growth in the past is muddled when considering the relationship between the study sample and the reference sample, when accounting for uncertainty in the age estimation procedure, and the error‐inducing steps taken during the data collection process. Future interpretation of skeletal growth in the past must include a full account of the possible sources of error in order to present an accurate representation of growth.
Experimental evidence that physical activity inhibits osteoarthritis: Implications for inferring activity patterns from osteoarthritis in archeological human skeletons
Authors: Wallace Ian J. , Riew Grant J. , Landau Rebecca , Bendele Alison M. , Holowka Nicholas B. , Hedrick Tyson L. , Konow Nicolai , Brooks Daniel J. , Lieberman Daniel E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease whose causes are not fully understood, but a longstanding hypothesis is that OA stems primarily from the cumulative effects of joint mechanical loading throughout life. Based on this wear and tear hypothesis, anthropologists have assumed that the presence of OA in archeological human skeletons can be interpreted as evidence of a highly physically active lifestyle. Here, we use guinea pigs to experimentally test the hypothesis that higher levels of routine physical activity result in greater OA degeneration.Materials and methodsGuinea pigs are a useful model for OA research because they spontaneously develop the disease in a manner similar to humans. One group of growing animals was housed for 22 weeks in a large room that promoted voluntary physical activity (4.8 km of movement per day, on average), while animals in another group were housed in small cages that restricted their mobility (n = 15/group). After the experiment, histological and microcomputed tomographic analyses were conducted focusing on the knees.ResultsRather than causing greater OA degeneration, elevated levels of routine physical activity resulted in significantly less knee cartilage deterioration, less synovial inflammation, smaller osteophytes, and maintenance of greater epiphyseal trabecular bone quantity.DiscussionThese results are inconsistent with the hypothesis that high levels of routine physical activity drive the pathogenesis of OA and call into question typical interpretations of OA in studies of archeological human skeletons.
Electrocatalytic oxygen evolution and antiproliferative activity of Co(III) complexes stabilized by in situ generated bis(5‐furan/phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazole)‐3‐sulfinamide
Authors: Bharty Manoj Kumar , Singh Aarti , Bharati Pooja , Pandey Shivendra Kumar , Singh Devesh Kumar , Ganesan Vellaichamy , Verma Praveen Kumar , Acharya Arvind , Bharti Akhilesh , Butcher Ray J. 
Published: October 2021

Electrocatalytic water oxidation by transition metal complexes is an emerging area of research. Here, two cobalt(III) complexes [Co(ftsm)NH3(o‐phen)]·H2O (1) {ftsm = bis(5‐furan‐1,2,4‐triazole)‐3‐sulfinamide} and [Co(ptsm)NH3(o‐phen)]·CH3OH (2) {ptsm = bis(5‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazole)‐3‐sulfinamide} were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic and X‐ray crystallography techniques. Complexes 1 and 2 were found to have admirable electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The Tafel slope values for GC/Nf‐Complex‐2 and GC/RuO2 were 53 and 60 mV/dec, respectively. Consequently, complex 2 possesses a better water oxidation response than standard material RuO2. The ligands Haftt, Haptt, o‐phen, and complexes 1 and 2 were also tested for their cytotoxicity against Dalton's lymphoma (DL) cells employing MTT assay and found to have significant cytotoxicity. The IC50 values of Haftt, Haptt, mixed ligands Haftt + o‐phen and Haptt + o‐phen, and complexes 1 and 2 against DL cells were found to be 150, 400, 200, 450, 80, and 5 μM, respectively. The complexes were found to have minimal effect on normal cells. The remarkable IC50 value for complex 2 shows that it can be utilized as a potential anticancer agent against DL cells.
Investigation of the thermomechanical performance of hybrid polymer composite using micro bamboo powder and graphite flakes
Authors: Gouda Krushna , Paul Rajdeep , Bhowmik Sumit , Das Biplab 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe current research project is dedicated to tackling the issue of fiber alignment and composite material delamination. Alkali treatment is performed to enhance the bamboo filler reinforced composite's mechanical performance as well as interfacial bonding strength. The hybrid composite is developed with varied bamboo powder content from 2.5 to 12.5 wt% and graphite nanoplatelets (GN) are reinforced in the polymer matrix. The hybrid composite is manufactured with bamboo powder approximately 65 μm sized and GN for electrical and electronics packaging, heat sink, conductive paste, light back cover for thermal management, automobile parts, and packaging goods. The developed material is investigated experimentally through the tensile test, modulus of elasticity, storage modulus, thermal conductivity, corrosion and tribological analysis. Results revealed that 5 and 7.5 wt% bamboo filler with 1 wt% GN gives the best property among others.
Effect of protective atmosphere and secondary treatment on filament fusion of polylactic acid composites prepared by fused deposition modeling
Authors: Ding Qingjun , Fan Jiacheng , Zhao Gai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIt is well known that poor interlayer adhesion from limited diffusion and entanglement of chains across the interlayer interface is the main reason for anisotropy of mechanical properties of 3D printed parts prepared by fused deposition modeling (FDM). The present study demonstrates the effects of a protective atmosphere and secondary treatment to improve fusion between filaments. The experimental results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the parts with nitrogen protection increase by about 100% in the direction of filament accumulation while the oxidation degree of the surface of the filament drops by 9%, which indicates that the bond strength between the filaments is improved. And tensile strength is increased by about 10%–20% in the direction of filament accumulation after heat treatment and microwave treatment.
Dissecting the heterogeneous subcortical brain volume of autism spectrum disorder using community detection
Authors: Li Ting , Hoogman Martine , Roth Mota Nina , Buitelaar Jan K. ,   The ENIGMA‐ASD working group, Vasquez Alejandro Arias , Franke Barbara , van Rooij Daan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStructural brain alterations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are heterogeneous, with limited effect sizes overall. In this study, we aimed to identify subgroups in ASD, based on neuroanatomical profiles; we hypothesized that the effect sizes for case/control differences would be increased in the newly defined subgroups. Analyzing a large data set from the ENIGMA‐ASD working group (n = 2661), we applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to seven subcortical volumes of individuals with and without ASD to uncover the underlying organization of subcortical structures. Based on earlier findings and data availability, we focused on three age groups: boys (<=14 years), male adolescents (15–22 years), and adult men (> = 22 years). The resulting factor scores were used in a community detection (CD) analysis to cluster participants into subgroups. Three factors were found in each subsample; the factor structure in adult men differed from that in boys and male adolescents. From these factors, CD uncovered four distinct communities in boys and three communities in adolescents and adult men, irrespective of ASD diagnosis. The effect sizes for case/control comparisons were more pronounced than in the combined sample, for some communities. A significant group difference in ADOS scores between communities was observed in boys and male adolescents with ASD. We succeeded in stratifying participants into more homogeneous subgroups based on subcortical brain volumes. This stratification enhanced our ability to observe case/control differences in subcortical brain volumes in ASD, and may help to explain the heterogeneity of previous findings in ASD.Lay summary
Structural brain alterations in ASD are heterogeneous, with overall limited effect sizes. Here we aimed to identify subgroups in ASD based on neuroimaging measures. We tested whether the effect sizes for case/control differences would be increased in the newly defined subgroups.
Based on neuroanatomical profiles, we succeeded in stratifying our participants into more homogeneous subgroups. The effect sizes of case/control differences were more pronounced in some subgroups than those in the whole sample.
Definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy with paclitaxel plus carboplatin is superior to cisplatin plus 5‐fluorouracil in patients with inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using retrospective, real‐world evidence
Authors: Hsieh Jason Chia‐Hsun , Chiang Pin‐Chun , Hung Tsung‐Min , Chao Yin‐Kai , Kuo Yung‐Chia , Wen Chih‐Tsung , Su Po‐Jung , Peng Meng‐Ting , Chen Huan‐Wu , Liu Hui‐Ling , Chang Hsien‐Kun , Wu Min‐Hsien , Wang Hung‐Ming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal definitive chemotherapy regimen during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear because of conflicting evidence. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of taxane‐based chemotherapy with that of conventional cisplatin plus 5‐fluorouracil (PF) as the chemotherapy regimen in definitive CRT for ESCC.Patients and MethodsThis retrospective study included patients with ESCC who received paclitaxel plus carboplatin (PC) or PF during definitive CRT between May 2012 and February 2015 in a medical center in Taiwan. Survival outcomes were compared after adjustment for risk factors.ResultsOverall, 229 patients were evaluated. Patients in the PC group had an objective response rate of 71.1% compared with the 51.4% of the PF group (p = 0.016). The PC group showed a significantly longer progression‐free survival (PFS, p = 0.002) and overall survival (OS, p = 0.019) than the PF group. Salvage surgery also helped prolong both the PFS and OS (p < 0001). Sex (male vs. female, HR, 1.831; 95% CI, 1.016–3.303), clinical stage (HR, 1.282; 95% CI, 1.069–1.537), accumulative radiation dose (≥41.4 Gy vs. <41.4 Gy; HR, 0.640; 95% CI, 0.413–0.993), salvage surgery (yes vs. no, HR: 0.412, 95% CI: 0.298–0.570), and regimen (PF vs. PC; HR, 1.514; 95% CI, 1.109–2.067) were independent prognostic factors for cancer mortality.ConclusionCompared with the PF regimen, the PC regimen for definitive CRT yielded significantly increased response rates and longer survival times; therefore, the PC regimen may be preferable for chemotherapy for definitive CRT in patients with advanced ESCC.
Pituitary function following peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Elston Marianne S. , Love Amanda , Kevat Dev , Carroll Richard , Siow Zhen Rong , Pattison Sharon , Boyle Veronica , Segelov Eva , Strickland Andrew H. , Wyld David , Gauci Richard , Kennedy Kim , Ransom David ,   the Commonwealth Neuroendocrine Tumour Collaboration (CommNETs)
Published: October 2021

AbstractPeptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an increasingly used treatment for unresectable neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) that express somatostatin receptors. Normal pituitary tissue expresses somatostatin receptors so patients receiving PRRT may be at risk of developing hypopituitarism. The aim was to assess the prevalence of clinically significant hypopituitarism a minimum of 2 years following radioisotope therapy for metastatic NET. This was a multicentre study (Australia and New Zealand). Sixty‐six patients with unresectable NETs were included–34 had received PRRT and 32 comparison patients. Median follow‐up after PRRT was 68 months. Male hypogonadism was the most common hormonal abnormality (16 of 38 men [42%]) from the total cohort. Of these, seven men had primary hypogonadism (five from PRRT group) and nine had secondary hypogonadism (six in PRRT group). There was no difference in either male hypogonadism or other hormonal dysfunction between patients who had received PRRT and those that had not. Patients who have received PRRT out to 68 months following treatment do not show concerning hypopituitarism although there may be the suggestion of growth hormone deficiency developing. However, hypogonadism is common in men with NETs so the gonadal axis should be assessed in men with suggestive symptoms as the treatment of testosterone deficiency may improve the quality of life.
Performance of a Degassing Cyclone with Main and Subsidiary Chambers
Authors: Xu Xiao , Wang Shuo , Yang Qiang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBased on the premise that large bubbles are removed in larger cyclones and small bubbles in smaller cyclones, a combined degassing cyclone with main and subsidiary chambers was designed to enhance liquid degassing. The pressure loss, liquid flow rate at the gas outlet, split ratio, gas flow rate at the liquid outlet, and degassing efficiency of the degassing cyclone were measured and calculated. Pressure loss correlations were established which relates the Euler number to the gas and liquid Reynolds numbers in the main chamber. Most cases exhibit a degassing efficiency greater than 0.998 when the liquid flow rate is more than 0.7 m3h−1. The contours of pressure loss, split ratio, and degassing efficiency provide an effective guidance for designing a degassing cyclone.
Humidity Considerations in Filter Testing Based on Analysis of Filters from Gas Turbine Applications
Authors: Schwarz Almuth D. , Dutzi Julian , Weber Patrick , Sattler Carsten , Schulz Karsten , Caesar Thomas , Meyer Jörg , Dittler Achim 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDepth filters used in multistage filter systems adeptly clean the intake air of gas turbines, preventing damage and increasing performance. However, estimation of their service life is based on empirical data and/or standardized testing procedures, e.g., ISO 16890. By applying standardized synthetic test dusts at constant reference humidity, these testing procedures do not reflect application‐typical loading conditions. Based on a direct comparison with field data, the influence of temporary exposure to high relative humidity on differential pressure and particle deposit structure is investigated. The results indicate that simulating humidity variations of the ambient atmosphere during filter tests leads to particle deposits, which more accurately reflect the actual behavior during operation.
1,7‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐Substituted aza‐BODIPYs by Low‐Barrier Rotation to Enhance a Photothermal‐Photodynamic Effect
Authors: Su Yajun , Hu Qiao , Zhang Dongxiang , Shen Yue , Li Sicheng , Li Ran , Jiang Xin‐Dong , Du Jianjun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract1,7‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐substituted aza‐BODIPYs (tBu‐azaBDP) were successfully obtained for the first time. The structures of tBu‐azaBDP and Ph‐azaBDP were confirmed by X‐ray crystal analysis, and tBu‐azaBDP 2 is more twisted than Ph‐azaBDP 5. tBu‐azaBDPs have significant photo‐stability and enhanced water solubility. tBu‐azaBDPs possess excellent optical properties, such as high molar extinction coefficients, broad full width half maxima, and large Stokes shifts, which is comparable to those of the parent dye Ph‐azaBDP. Although the low‐barrier rotation of the distal ‐tBu groups in tBu‐azaBDPs results in low quantum yield, photothermal conversion efficiency and singlet oxygen generation ability of tBu‐azaBDPs are more effective than those of Ph‐azaBDP, which is highly desirable for a photothermal‐photodynamic therapy agent.
Refractory myositis in a patient of Sjögren’s syndrome having only anti‐SS‐A (60 kDa) antibody
Authors: Kokubu Hiraku , Hamaguchi Yasuhito , Kato Takeshi , Tanaka Toshihiro , Fujimoto Noriki 
Published: October 2021

We present a very rare case of primary Sjögren’s syndrome with refractory myositis. She had only anti‐Ro60 antibody of anti‐SS‐A, which is extremely rare in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome and polymyositis/dermatomyositis. We suggest a possibility that not only anti‐SS‐A/Ro52 but also anti‐SS‐A/Ro60 may contribute to the resistance in the same way.
Association mapping to detect Phytophthora infestans resistance in tetraploid potato
Authors: Deperi Sofía Irene , Tagliotti Martín Enrique , Bedogni María Cecilia , Huarte Marcelo Atilio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Baryis found in all areas of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production in Argentine. Association mapping uses the existing diversity in a a population to identify loci responsible of phenotypic variation of a character. The studied population was formed by 159 genotypes of the germplasm collection of the Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Estación Experimental Agropecuaria (EEA) Balcarce potato breeding program. These genotypes are part of a larger population that was previously analyzed using single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Phenotypic assessment was carried out in two locations over 3 yr. Environmental conditions allowed the presence of the disease in all year × location combination. Phenotypic variability was found for relative area under disease progress curve (RAUDPC) and yield parameters as, Total weight and Seed weight. Association mapping was carried out on 159 genotypes. Eight significant associations were found using Bonferroni methodology, with values of −log(p) ranging between 4.61 and 5.42 located at chromosomes 3 (solcap_snp_c2_16679), 4 (solcap_snp_c1_6126 and solcap_snp_c2_38243, solcap_snp_c2_54077), 5 (solcap_snp_c2_42374), 6 (solcap_snp_c2_33228), 7 (solcap_snp_c1_7407), and 10 (solcap_snp_c2_63) and eleven significant associations using permutation tests with values of −log(p) between 4.5 and 6.42 located at chromosomes 1(solcap_snp_c1_5150), 2 (solcap_snp_c1_13923), 4 (solcap_snp_c1_4178, and solcap_snp_c2_50004), 5 (solcap_snp_c2_11829 and solcap_snp_c2_50532), 7 (solcap_snp_c2_35057 and solcap_snp_c1_10011), and 9 (solcap_snp_c2_1915). Some of the SNPs detected are adjacent to genes that encode enzymes that participate in metabolic pathways that are activated in response to interaction with pathogens. Those markers might be included in breeding programs related to improve late blight resistance in potato cultivars.