bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy availability during training camp is associated with signs of overreaching and changes in performance in young female cross-country skiers
Authors: Kettunen Oona , Ihalainen Johanna K. , Ohtonen Olli , Valtonen Maarit , Mursu Jaakko , Linnamo Vesa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Study aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate if young female skiers meet their energy and macronutrient requirements, and how energy availability (EA) and macronutrient intake affects their performance during an intensive training camp.

Material and methods: 19 female cross-country skiers (age 16.7 ± 0.7) filled in 48-hour food and training logs during a 5-day training camp. Fasting concentrations of hemoglobin, leptin, triiodothyronine (T3), insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and glucose were measured before (PRE) and after (POST) the camp. Blood lactate (LA), heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) from a submaximal treadmill running test, jump height from counter movement jump (CMJ), and power from a reactive jump test (RJ) were also measured PRE and POST.

Results: Mean EA was 40.3 ± 17.3 kcal · kgFFM–1 · d–1. 58% of the participants had suboptimal EA, 37% had low EA, and 53% had suboptimal carbohydrate intake. HR, HR/RPE ratio, LA/RPE ratio, CMJ, hemoglobin, leptin, T3, and insulin decreased from PRE to POST. RPE and glucose increased from PRE to POST. EA during the camp correlated with changes in LA (r = 0.54, p = 0.018), LA/RPE (r = 0.65, p = 0.003), and RJ (r = 0.47, p = 0.043).

Conclusions: Many athletes had difficulties in meeting their energy and carbohydrate requirements during a training camp. Furthermore, sufficient EA may help to avoid overreaching and to maintain performance during an intensive training period.
A “polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY)” diagnosed in an adult. Report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: Broggi Giuseppe , Certo Francesco , Altieri Roberto , Caltabiano Rosario , Gessi Marco , Barbagallo Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo 
Published: September 2021

Background:Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY) is a rare neuropathological entity, recently introduced in neuro-oncology. These tumors, histologically similar to oligodendrogliomas, cause epilepsy, occurring in children and young adults. Only few cases of PLNTY have been described in literature and all reported cases invariably focused on the onset of these tumors in children and young adults.Case Description:We report the case of a 50-year-old woman suffering from epilepsy since the 1styear of her life. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain documented the presence of a calcified mass involving left temporal lobe. The tumor was surgically excised and the histological examination showed a hypocellular and massively calcified neoplasm with morphological and immunohistochemical features consistent with the diagnosis of “PLNTY.”Conclusion:A review of the literature revealed that there are 31 cases of PLNTY reported in literature, most of which are children or young adults. The present case represents the second PLNTY diagnosed in a middle-aged adult to the best of our knowledge, suggesting that PLNTY should always be included in the differential diagnosis of low-grade brain tumors, also in adult patients.
A case of transpetrosal penetrating head injury near the sigmoid sinus
Authors: Kawai Nobuhiko , Yabuno Satoru , Hirashita Koji , Yoshino Kimihiro 
Published: September 2021

Background:Penetrating brain injury is relatively rare, which occurs in 0.4% of all head trauma. In past reports, the orbit, nasal cavity, and oral cavity are the most common routes of entry of foreign substances into the skull. In this case report, we experienced a rare case of head trauma who injury through the petrosal bone. To the best of our knowledge, there is no similar literature.Case Description:A 69-year-old man accidentally fell from a stepladder with a height of 3 m. There was a sprinkler on the ground, and it went through his posterior part of the right auricle at the collision. He was alert on admission. However, neurological examination showed right trigeminal, abducens, and facial nerve palsy. Computed tomography was performed, and it revealed that the objects penetrated the petrosal bone. Furthermore, it caused traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and acute subdural hemorrhage. Fortunately, it did not reach any cerebral artery and cerebral parenchyma. Immediately it was surgically removed with a good outcome.Conclusion:When suspected sigmoid sinus injury in head penetrating injury, craniotomy should be considered with bleeding from the sigmoid sinus during surgery.
The impact of subcaudate tractotomy on delusions and hallucinations in psychotic patients
Authors: Vilela-Filho Osvaldo , Ragazzo Paulo C. , Canêdo Darianne , Barreto Uadson S. , Oliveira Paulo M. , Goulart Lissa C. , Reis Manoel D. , Campos Telma M. 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Delusions and hallucinations, hallmarks of the psychotic disorders, usually do not respond to surgical intervention. For many years, the surgical technique of choice for the treatment of refractory aggressiveness in psychotic patients in our Service was amygdalotomy in isolation or associated with anterior cingulotomy. No improvement of hallucinations and delusions was noticed in any of these patients. To improve the control of aggression, subcaudate tractotomy was added to the previous surgical protocol. The main goal of the present study was to investigate the impact of this modified surgical approach on delusions and hallucinations.

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of the medical records of psychotic patients presenting with treatment-resistant aggressiveness, delusions, and hallucinations submitted to bilateral subcaudate tractotomy + bilateral anterior cingulotomy + bilateral amygdalotomy in our institution.

Results:
Five patients, all males, with ages ranging from 25 to 65 years, followed up by a mean of 45.6 months (17–72 months), fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Delusions and hallucinations were abolished in four of them.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that the key element for relieving these symptoms was the subcaudate tractotomy and that the orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortices play an important role in the genesis of hallucinatory and delusional symptoms of schizophrenia and other psychoses.
Evaluation of Aquifer Porosity And Hydraulic Conductivity From Empirical Equations Using Geoelectrical Sounding Measurements In Piramagroon Area NE-Iraq
Authors: Amin Abdulla Karim 
Published: September 2021

Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) with Schlumberger array as a low-cost technique and veritable method in groundwater exploration is more suitable for hydrogeological survey of sedimentary basins. This method is regularly used to solve a wide variety of ground water problems and hydraulic parameters. The main objective of this research therefore, is to evaluate aquifer porosity and hydraulic conductivity using the empirical equations of porosity and hydraulic conductivity with resistivity conducted in the continuation of the adjacent Sharazoor basin. For this purpose, four profiles were taken in studied area (Piramagroon district), and each profile includes five VES points of measurements. Then each VES was interpreted manually as well as by IPI2 win program for determining aquifer depth ranging from (40 m.) to (80 m.) in piramagroon district) and resistivity values range between (37.0 Ω.m) to (102 Ω.m), which are substituted in the empirical porosity-resistivity and hydraulic conductivity-resistivity equations for evaluating aquifer porosity and hydraulic conductivity of the studied area. The estimated aquifer porosity values range along the studied area range between (21%) to (39 %), and for hydraulic conductivity values range from (1 m/day) to (4 m/day), which shows the increasing of the both aquifer porosity from the top of uplifted subsurface layers underlying the piramagroon district toward both limbs according to increasing of rock fragments (gravel, pebble) and (sand sediments) and decreasing of clay content overlying upper part of Middle Tanjero Formation.
Eff ect of nebivolol and carvedilol on the functional state of patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Tregubov V. G. , Khilkevich P. V. , Shubitidze I. Z. , Pokrovskii V. M. , Yukhnova N. V. 
Published: September 2021

Objective. Compare the eff ect of combination therapy with nebivolol or carvedilol on the functional state of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and preserved ejection fraction (pEF) of the left ventricle (LV). Material and methods. The study involved 80 patients with diastolic CHF, who were randomized into two groups. In group I was appointed of nebivolol (7.7 ± 2.4 mg/day, n = 40), in group II — carvedilol (30.5 ± 8.7 mg/day, n = 40). As part of the combination therapy, quinapril was prescribed (13.7 ± 2.7 mg/day, n = 40 and 13.5 ± 2.6 mg/day, n = 40), and if indicated — atorvastatin (15.3 ± 4.6 mg/day, n = 17 and 16.2 ± 5.2 mg/day, n = 17) and acetylsalicylic acid in the intestinal soluble shell (96.4 ± 13.4 mg/day, n = 14 and 93.8 ± 13.3 mg/day, n = 13), respectively. Initially and after 6 months of therapy were carried out: quantitative assessment of regulatory-adaptive status (RAS) (by means of a sample of cardiac-respiratory synchronism), echocardioscopy, treadmill test, test with a six-minute walk, subjective assessment of quality of life, determination of the level of the N-terminal fragment of the brain natriuretic peptide in blood plasma, daily monitoring of blood pressure. Results. Both schemes of combined therapy comparably improved the structural and functional state of the heart, controlled arterial hypertension. In comparison with carvedilol, nebivolol diff ered positive eff ect on the RAS, more increased tolerance to physical activity and improved quality of life. Conclusion. In patients with CHF pEF LV in combination therapy, the use of nebivolol, in comparison with carvedilol, may be preferable due to the more pronounced positive eff ect on the functional state.
Outcomes of Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy With or Without Nephrostomy Tube: A Comparative Study
Authors: Shrestha Naresh Man 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) is one of the most accepted surgical modality for removal of renal stone. Placement of a nephrostomy tube at the end of PCNL is a standard procedure for PCNL, however many reports have showed the safety and efficacy of tubeless PCNL for the removal of renal stone.
Aims: The present study aimed to report the outcomes of PCNL with or without nephrostomy tube.
Methods: It is Prospective Hospital Study conducted from June 2017 to April 2020 in the Department of Urology Nepalgunj Medical College. Total 153 patients under inclusion criteria were divided into two groups. Group 1 (75 patients) was allocated to patients who were being treated under standard PCNL procedure while Group 2 (78 patients) was allocated for patients who were being treated under Tubeless PCNL procedure. The two groups were compared for operation time (minutes), hospital stay (days), post operative dose of analgesic (mg), post operative complications such as, leakage (%), bleeding (%) and infection (%). Data were analyzed from SPSS and p-value less than 0.5 was considered as significant.
Results: In Group II the mean hospital stay, analgesic dose and rate of leakage was significantly lesser than Group I (p<0.05) whereas, the mean operation time, rate of infection and bleeding were not significantly different between two groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Tubeless PCNL procedure causes more rapid recovery and earlier discharge from the hospital, reduction in postoperative pain and no leakage when compared to standard tubless PCNL.
Nephroprotective effect of dapagliflozin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A potential role of Klotho protein
Authors: Topchii I. , Semenovykh P. , Galchiskaya V. , Savicheva K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate the dynamics of clinical and laboratory parameters and serum Klotho protein level in patients with diabetic kidney disease using nephroprotective therapy combined with an inhibitor of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) dapagliflozin.
Methods. A total of 76 type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) were examined in this prospective study. Control group - 20 healthy subjects. 53 patients received a standard course of treatment, which included metformin, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers and statins. In addition to standard therapy, 23 patients have been prescribed the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin 10 mg per day. The treatment follow-up period was six months. Klotho concentration was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results. The development of DN in type 2 diabetic patients was accompanied by a significant decrease in soluble Klotho protein in comparison with controls and patients without nephropathy. During follow-up, Klotho protein level was changed significantly in the group of DN patients with albuminuria. Standard therapy resulted in Klotho concentration increase by 14% compared to pre-treatment values; a more demonstrative increase in the Klotho level was found in the dapagliflozin group (almost 23%).
Conclusions. SGLT2 inhibitor treatment resulted in a significant increase of pleiotropic serum protein Klotho in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease.
Crosstalk between proteinuria, plasma oxalic acid and inflammation in glomerulonephritis patients: an exploratory study
Authors: Stepanova Natalia , Snisar Lyudmyla , Lebid Larysa , Driianska Victoria 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. In the present exploratory cross-sectional cohort study, we evaluated whether plasma and urine oxalate concentrations in patients with primary glomerulonephritis depend not only on the glomerular filtration rate but also on the proteinuria level and influence the inflammatory response.
Methods. We enrolled 100 participants, including 76 patients with glomerulonephritis having chronic kidney disease stage (CKD) 1–3b (69.7% of them with nephrotic syndrome) and 24 healthy volunteers. We excluded patients with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and those with glomerulonephritis with an estimated GFR (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2. In addition to routine hematological and biochemical tests, plasma oxalate concentration, urinary oxalate excretion, and serum interleukin (IL)-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels were assessed in all study participants.
Results. We observed that plasma oxalic acid concentration was significantly higher in patients with glomerulonephritis (19.0 [5.9–45.2] µmol/L) than in healthy volunteers (5.5 [3.8–7.3] µmol/L, p < 0.0001). Moreover, nephrotic proteinuria was significantly associated with plasma oxalic acid elevation independent of the patients’ age, sex, glomerular filtration rate, and body mass index (odds ratio = 1.42, 95% confidence interval = 1.13–1.77, p = 0.002). In turn, the increased plasma oxalic acid concentration was associated with high levels of serum IL-6 and MCP-1, which may be cardiovascular risk factors in patients with primary glomerulonephritis.
Conclusions. Nephrotic proteinuria was significantly associated with the elevation of plasma oxalic acid concentration and hyperoxaluria in glomerulonephritis patients with CKD stages 1–3b. Plasma oxalate at least partly promotes inflammation, which may be a cardiovascular risk factor in patients with glomerulonephritis in the early stages of CKD. Future studies should recruit at least 156 participants to confirm our preliminary results, validate nephrotic proteinuria as a risk factor for oxalate metabolism violation or determine the role of impaired oxalate homeostasis in clinical outcomes in patients with glomerulonephritis.
Leksikograficheskii komponent v sovremennom polikul'turnom obrazovanii (elektronnyi mnogoiazychnyi slovar' voennykh terminov)
Authors: Iniutina Liudmila Aleksandrovna , Shilnikova Tatiana Sergeevna 
Published: September 2021

The work is devoted to the problem of intensification of teaching Russian as a foreign language in the process of formation and development of lexical competence of students. The Electronic multilingual dictionary, created on the basis of ABBYY Lingvo software for teaching Russian to foreign students of military universities, is presented. His vocabulary includes a special lexicon describing various segments of military activity (weapons, equipment, commands, military life, etc.). For each word there are translations into European languages (boi – English batttle, combat; French combat (m); Portuguese combate) and some Asian languages (boi – Laos ຍິງ).
The role of the electronic translated multilingual thesaurus in the formation of speech professional competence, which ensures the removal of language barriers in the study of military-technical sciences by foreigners, is determined. The universality of the vocabulary, created taking into account the national mentality of students, providing opportunities for the redistribution of classroom and independent work of students, is characterized. Its effectiveness has been proven as a tool for modern interactive, multilingual and multicultural education.
Endodermal cyst: rare intraaxial brainstem location. Illustrative cases
Authors: Goel Atul , Jadhav Dikpal , Shah Abhidha , Shenoy Asha , Goel Naina 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND
This report detailed an extremely rare location of an endodermal cyst. Such location of the tumor can pose radiological confusion and a therapeutic dilemma. However, when identified, it can be a pleasant surprise for the surgeon and provide the possibility of a symptom-free long life for the patient.

OBSERVATIONS
This report discussed two young patients who presented with relatively short-duration reports of ataxia and diplopia. Investigations revealed intraaxial brainstem lesion. During surgery, thick, pus-like fluid was evacuated and part of a wall was resected. Histology revealed that the lesion was an endodermal cyst. Both patients are well and are lesion- and symptom-free for 24 and 72 months.

LESSONS
Endodermal cysts are some of the few long-standing and benign intraaxial brainstem lesions.
Multiple VHL-related hemangioblastomas and holocord syrinx: identifying the causative lesion. Illustrative case
Authors: Mortazavi Armin , Nwokoye Diana , Asuzu David T. , Scott Gretchen , Mastorakos Panagiotis , Chittiboina Prashant 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND
Brainstem and spinal cord hemangioblastomas are a common manifestation of von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) disease. Cysts and associated syringes are the most common cause of significant morbidity in these patients. Surgical treatment of symptomatic hemangioblastomas are often complicated by the presence of multiple potential lesions, leading to cyst and syrinx formation.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors present a case of a patient with multiple VHL-related hemangioblastomas who presented with syringobulbia and holocord syrinx. Resection of two cyst wall hemangioblastomas and one cervical hemangioblastoma only transiently improved syringobulbia. Eventual resolution of syringobulbia and collapse of the holocord syrinx only occurred following removal of a large lower thoracic hemangioblastoma.

LESSONS
Surgical management of hemangioblastomas and associated cysts in patients with VHL should only target lesions most likely contributing to neurological deficits as excess surgical intervention risks treatment-related morbidity. The authors illustrate how anatomical and pathophysiological considerations as well as patient symptoms are key to identifying target lesions for resection and developing deliberate treatment plans.
Pengaruh Penerapan E-Filing, Pengetahuan Pajak dan Sanksi Pajak terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak pada Pegawai Kemendikbud
Authors: Mulyati Yetti , Ismanto Juli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the application of E-Filing, tax knowledge, and tax sanctions on taxpayer compliance in the Ministry of Education and Culture's employees of the P4TK business and tourism units (Center for Development, Empowerment of Educators and Education Personnel). The research method used is the quantitative method. The sample in the study was 146 respondents. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The analysis technique used is through validity test, reliability test, and path analysis. The results of the study show that all variables of E-Filing Implementation, Tax Knowledge, Tax Sanctions have a significant positive effect on Taxpayer Compliance. This shows that the variability of the dependent variable can be explained by the independent variable by 60%, the remaining 40% is explained by the variability of other variables outside the research model. Social learning and behavioral attribution can increase taxpayer awareness that is carried out within the Employee Development and Empowerment Center for Educators and Education Personnel (P4TK) for the Jabodetabek Region. The obligation to submit annual income tax returns, adequate tax knowledge, and sanctions are also a guarantee that the provisions of tax laws will be complied with. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan E-Filing, pengetahuan pajak dan sanksi pajak terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pada Pegawai Kemendikbud unit bisnis dan pariwisata P4TK (Pusat Pengembangan, Pemberdayaan Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan). Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian sebanyak 146 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang digunakan melalui uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, serta analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan semua variable Penerapan E-Filing, Pengetahuan Pajak, Sanksi Pajak signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa variabilitas variabel dependen dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel independen sebesar 60% sisanya sebesar 40% dijelaskan oleh variabilitas variabel-variabel lain di luar model penelitian. Pembelajaran sosial dan atribusi perilaku dapat meningkatkan kesadaran wajib pajak dijalankan di lingkungan Pegawai Pusat Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan (P4TK) Wilayah Jabodetabek. Kewajiban menyampaikan pemberitahuan tahunan pajak penghasilan, pengetahuan pajak yang memadai, serta sanksi juga merupakan jaminan ketentuan perundangan perpajakan akan dipatuhi.