bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educação financeira: um plano para aplicação nos anos finais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Brunhera Diandra Carla Uncini 
Published: May 2021

Resumo: Este artigo busca propor um plano de aula sobre matemática financeira para alunos dos anos finais do ensino fundamental a fim de enfatizar a temática de educação financeira. A pesquisa adota uma abordagem qualitativa, e a pesquisa bibliográfica como técnica documental, utilizando as funções financeiras da planilha eletrônica do Excel como recurso complementar ao processo de ensino aprendizagem. Acredita-se que o uso de recursos tecnológicos em sala possa contribuir com o desenvolvimento de um aluno motivado e ativo, além da relevante contribuição social e econômica ao fomentar a formação de uma geração comprometida. Sugere-se aprofundar o assunto inserindo novos conceitos para a análise e, incentivando o planejamento antes da tomada de decisão, visando o bom desempenho do orçamento familiar.Palavras-chave: Educação Financeira; Excel; Tecnologias. Financial education: a plan for application in the final years of educationAbstract: This article seeks to propose a lesson plan on financial mathematics for students in the final years of elementary school in order to emphasize the theme of financial education. The research adopts a qualitative approach, and bibliographic research as a documentary technique, using the financial functions of the Excel spreadsheet as a complementary resource to the teaching-learning process. It is believed that the use of technological resources in the classroom can contribute to the development of a motivated and active student, in addition to the relevant social and economic contribution in fostering the formation of a committed generation. It is suggested to deepen the subject by inserting new concepts for analysis and, encouraging planning before decision making, aiming at the good performance of the family budget.Keywords: Financial Education; Excel; Technologies.
Armas químicas e o desenvolvimento científico: o uso do júri simulado como estratégia didática para o ensino de química
Authors: Alvaro Marcela Vitor , Borges Marcia Narcizo , Florêncio Antonio da Silva 
Published: May 2021

Resumo: Partindo da premissa de que os alunos aprendem melhor quando o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico é historicizado, realizou-se um projeto de Ensino de Química com estudantes do 1º período do Ensino Médio Integrado ao Curso Técnico de Química tendo armas químicas como tema sociocientífico. O projeto utilizou o júri simulado como principal estratégia de ensino e no caso, julgaram a responsabilidade da Alemanha quanto à produção e uso de armas químicas durante a II Guerra Mundial. A avaliação do projeto foi feita de modo processual através da coleta e sistematização de dados obtidos ao longo das aulas. A Análise de Conteúdo dos argumentos utilizados pelos estudantes evidencia que a estratégia do júri simulado contribuiu para que eles construíssem um conhecimento químico crítico, compreendendo que o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico é resultado de uma atividade essencialmente humana, e que, portanto, se dá sob interferência política e econômica.Palavras-chave: Armas Químicas; Aspectos históricos; Júri Simulado. Chemical weapons and scientific development: the use of the simulated jury as a didactic strategy in the teaching of chemistryAbstract: Starting from the premise that students learn better when scientific and technological development is historicized, a Chemistry teaching project was carried out with students from the 1st period of High School Integrated with the Technical Course in Chemistry having chemical weapons as a social scientific theme. The project used the simulated jury as the main teaching strategy. In this case, they judged Germany's responsibility for the production and use of chemical weapons during the II World War. The evaluation of the project, carried out in a procedural way through the collection and systematization of the data obtained during the classes. The Content Analysis of the arguments used by the students shows that the strategy of the simulated jury contributed to them building a critical chemical knowledge, understanding that the scientific and technological development is the result of an essentially human activity, which therefore takes place under political and economical interference.Keywords: Chemical Weapons; Historical aspects; Simulated Jury.
Tendências e perspectivas da formação continuada de professores da área de ciências da natureza e suas tecnologias: um panorama das pesquisas brasileiras no período de 1997 a 2018
Authors: Piotrowski Solange Maria , Güllich Roque Ismael da Costa 
Published: May 2021

Resumo: Neste estudo, realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico das teses e dissertações presentes no Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, referentes à formação continuada de professores de Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias (CNT). Em nossa investigação, analisamos as concepções de ensino/formação e as principais temáticas que permeiam estas pesquisas desenvolvidas em nosso país, no período de 1997 a 2018. A partir da análise temática do conteúdo, categorizamos a priori as concepções de ensino/formação, sendo que as temáticas foram construídas a posteriori. A partir dos referenciais da área, discutimos as concepções e as temáticas identificadas, destacando a formação continuada pela via compartilhada, na perspectiva da investigação-formação-ação, como modelo possível de desenvolver a concepção emancipatória na área de CNT.Palavras-chave: Formação continuada; Concepções de ensino; Investigação-ação; Reflexão crítica. Trends and perspectives of continuing formation for teachers in the nature sciences area and its technologies: a panorama of brazilian research in the period 1997 to 2018 Abstract: In this study, we carried out a bibliographic survey of the theses and dissertations present at the Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, referring to the continuing education of teachers of Natural Sciences and their Technologies (NST). In our investigation, we analyzed the teaching/formation conceptions and the main themes that permeate these researches developed in our country, from 1997 to 2018. From the thematic analysis of the content, we categorize the teaching/formation conceptions as priorities, and the themes were built later. Based on the references in the area, we discuss the conceptions and themes identified, highlighting continuing education through the shared path, from the perspective of research-formation-action, as a possible model to develop the emancipatory conception in the NST area.Keywords: Continuing education; Conceptions of teaching; Action research; Critical reflection.
Análise da prática pedagógica e o desenvolvimento da argumentação em aulas de física
Authors: Borges Juliana Rosa Alves , Ustra Sandro Rogério Vargas 
Published: May 2021

Resumo: A habilidade de argumentar é essencial ao cidadão contemporâneo. Apesar de trabalhada de forma pouco criteriosa em sala de aula, apresenta papel central no processo de aprendizagem em Física. Destarte, nosso propósito principal neste estudo foi apurar aspectos relevantes no desenvolvimento da argumentação no ambiente do Ensino por Investigação em aulas de Física. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa utilizou princípios da pesquisa-ação tendo como alvo uma melhor qualidade para a interação professor/aluno. As atividades didáticas foram desenvolvidas em grupos pelos estudantes e o processo de investigação contou com a monitoria docente. Os dados foram coletados no diário da prática pedagógica, utilizando-se para sua compreensão elementos da Análise de Conteúdo. Destacamos a consolidação do protagonismo estudantil e da qualidade argumentativa nesse contexto do Ensino por Investigação.Palavras-chave: Argumentação; Ensino de Física; Ensino por Investigação. Analysis of pedagogical practice and the development of argumentation in physics classes Abstract: The ability to debate is an essential quality for the contemporary citizen. Although worked in a non-judicious way in the classroom, it plays a central role in the Physics learning process. Our main purpose in this research was to investigate the relevant aspects in argumentation development in the Teaching per Inquiry environment in physics classes. In this qualitative research, we used research-action principles having as purpose a better teacher/student interaction. There were applied didactic activities in the students group and the investigation process included monitoring by the teacher. Data were collected in the pedagogical practice diary, using elements of Content Analysis for their understanding. We highlight the consolidation of the students’protagonism and of the argumentative quality in this context on Teaching per Inquiry. Keywords: Argumentation; Physics teaching; Teaching per Inquiry.
Fundamentos y Método de las Revisiones Sistemáticas
Authors: Berra Silvina 
Published: May 2021

La práctica profesional requiere el manejo de la evidencia científica actualizada sobre los asuntos en los que a diario se deciden diagnósticos o intervenciones. Las revisiones sistemáticas (RS) son síntesis cualitativas y, a veces, cuantitativas sobre la evidencia disponible respecto de un tema puntual. Este trabajo contextualiza su origen en el movimiento de la medicina basada en la evidencia y las define como un tipo de investigación orientada a buscar, evaluar y sintetizar conocimiento científico previamente producido. A fin de comprender la importancia de la exhaustividad y la rigurosidad del método, se distingue una RS de una revisión narrativa. El método de RS se presenta en una serie de fases o pasos que abarca desde el planteo de una pregunta de investigación, pasando por las estrategias de búsqueda y técnicas e instrumentos para la evaluación de calidad, extracción y análisis de datos, la posibilidad de un metanálisis y, finalmente la interpretación de resultados. Dentro de los criterios de evaluación de la evidencia científica, un pilar fundamental de este tipo de investigación, se explican la validez interna, la precisión y la validez externa de los resultados como componentes de la calidad, y la cantidad y la consistencia de la evidencia científica, a partir de las cuales se pueden establecer las recomendaciones.
miR-212/132-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles Promote Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Pancreatic Beta Cells
Authors: Bai Chunyu , Ren Qiwei , Liu Haifeng , Li Xiangchen , Guan Weijun , Gao Yuhua 
Published: May 2021

Pancreatic beta cell transplantation is the ideal method for treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and the generation of beta cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of patients is a promising strategy. In this study, we improved a previous strategy to produce beta cells using extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mature beta cells and differentiated beta cells from iPSCs (i-Beta cells), which secreted insulin under glucose stimulation in vitro and ameliorated hyperglycemia in vivo. Mechanistic analyses revealed that EV-carried microRNA (miR)-212/132 (EV-miR-212/132) directly bound to the 3′ UTR of FBW7 to prevent its translation and FBW7 combined with NGN3 to accelerate its proteasomal degradation. EV-miR-212/132 stabilized NGN3 expression to promote differentiation of endocrine cells from induced iPSCs. Moreover, NGN3 bound to PDX1 to enhance transcription of endogenous miR-212/132 and formed a positive regulatory circuit that maintained the functions of mature pancreatic beta cells.ConclusionThis study describes a novel approach for beta cell production and supports the use of iPSCs for cell replacement therapy of T1DM.
Enhanced Electroluminescence Based on a π-Conjugated Heptazine Derivative by Exploiting Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence
Authors: Li Jie , Gong Heqi , Zhang Jincheng , Zhou Shiyi , Tao Li , Jiang Lihua , Guo Qiang 
Published: May 2021

Heptazine derivatives have attracted much attention over the past decade by virtue of intriguing optical, photocatalytic as well as electronic properties in the fields of hydrogen evolution, organic optoelectronic technologies and so forth. Here, we report a simple π-conjugated heptazine derivative (HAP-3DF) possessing an n→π* transition character which exhibits enhanced electroluminescence by exploiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Green-emitting HAP-3DF shows relatively low photoluminescence quantum efficiencies (Φp) of 0.08 in toluene and 0.16 in doped film with bis(2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl) ether oxide (DPEPO) as the matrix. Interestingly, the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) incorporating 8 wt% HAP-3DF:DPEPO as an emitting layer achieved a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.0% in view of the fairly low Φp of 0.16, indicating the presence of TADF stemming from n→π* transitions. As the matrix changing from DPEPO to 1,3-di (9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzene (mCP), a much higher Φp of 0.56 was found in doped film accompanying yellow emission. More importantly, enhanced electroluminescence was observed from the OLED containing 8 wt% HAP-3DF:mCP as an emitting layer, and a rather high EQE of 10.8% along with a low roll-off was realized, which should be ascribed to the TADF process deriving from exciplex formation.
Case Report: MDM4 Amplified in a Thymoma Patient With Autoimmune Enteropathy and Myocarditis
Authors: Du Xin , Yu Lei , Li Fei , Yu Zhen , Yang Xing-guo , Jiang Yu-xuan , Yu Xin-tao 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionThymoma is a type of mediastinal malignant tumors which always associated with autoimmune diseases. Although surgery is the predominant treatment method for thymoma, the pathogenesis of thymoma and thymoma-associated autoimmune diseases is still unknown. However, the case study here provided a possible pathogenesis and treatment to cure the thymoma with autoimmune enteropathy and myocarditis.Case presentationA thymoma case with autoimmune enteropathy and myocarditis undergoing surgery was reported. The symptoms and laboratory results of the patient had dramatically fluctuated after tumor resection and gradually alleviated. The whole exome sequencing found MDM4 amplified in tumor cells. Immunohistochemistry indicated that thymoma cells were positive for MDM4. The result of drug sensitivity tests showed thymoma cells were highly sensitive to Nutlin-3a.ConclusionMDM4 could play an important role in the pathogenesis of this thymoma case with autoimmune enteropathy and myocarditis. This discovery may provide a novel idea of pathogenesis and treatment for thymoma and autoimmune diseases.
Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Levothyroxine-Treated Hypothyroid Patients: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study
Authors: Sohn Seo Young , Seo Gi Hyeon , Chung Jae Hoon 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundAlthough hypothyroidism is associated with various comorbidities, its relationship with increased all-cause mortality remains controversial. The aim of this nationwide retrospective cohort study was to investigate whether hypothyroid patients treated with levothyroxine had increased mortality compared to controls.MethodsHypothyroid subjects were identified through the Korean National Health Insurance Service Claims database between 2008 and 2017. Hypothyroidism in this study was defined as overt hypothyroidism treated with long-term prescription of levothyroxine (&gt;6 months). After 1:3 age-, sex- and index year-matching, 501,882 patients with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism and 1,505,646 controls without hypothyroidism were included.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 6 years, 25,954 (5.2%) hypothyroid patients and 59,105 (3.9%) controls died. Hypothyroidism was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.16) even with levothyroxine treatment. When stratified by age, sex, and cardiovascular disease risk, independent associations between hypothyroidism and mortality remained significant in all subgroups. The risk of mortality was higher in the &lt; 65 age group (HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.22–1.29), men (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.25–1.31), and the high cardiovascular disease risk group (HR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.29–1.34). The mortality rate of hypothyroid patients was highest within 1 year of treatment and decreased with time.ConclusionThis nationwide, population-based cohort study showed that all-cause mortality was significantly higher in levothyroxine-treated hypothyroid patients than in non-hypothyroid controls. This association remained significant regardless of age, sex, and cardiovascular disease risk.
Influence of the NaIO4 Concentration on the Gelation and the Adhesive Strength of Pyrocatechol/Pyrogallol Containing Gelatin Hydrogels
Authors: Back Florence , Ball Vincent , Arntz Youri 
Published: May 2021

The presence of catechol groups in hydrogels, either grafted to the constituting polymers or added in the gel formulation allow to increase the adhesion strength of such hydrogels. In this investigation, we add pyrocatechol (1,2-benzenediol) and pyrogallol (1,2,3-benzenetriol) in gelatin solution to form hydrogels using sodium periodate as an oxidant with the aim to induce interactions between pyrocatechol/pyrogallol and the gelatin chains. The gelation kinetics of the hydrogels as well as their adhesion strength and toughness are evaluated as a function of the concentration in NaIO4 for a constant concentration-10 mM-in pyrocatechol/pyrogallol. It came out that the addition of pyrogallol to gelatin (10% w/v) did not improve the adhesion strength on stainless steel when compared to a pristine gelatin gel. As an interesting finding, the addition of pyrocatechol to gelatin allowed for a major improvement of the adhesive strength between two stainless steel plates and allowed to stabilize the gel up to 50°C. However, the pyrogallol modified gelatin gels displayed no thermal stabilization compared to pristine gelatin. The major differences between pyrocatechol and pyrogallol modified gels are explained on the basis of the electrophilicity of the oxidized polyphenols. In addition, the self-healing behavior of the gelatin based gels was investigated as a function of their composition.
Rewarming From Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest Applying Extracorporeal Life Support: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bjertnæs Lars J. , Hindberg Kristian , Næsheim Torvind O. , Suborov Evgeny V. , Reierth Eirik , Kirov Mikhail Y. , Lebedinskii Konstantin M. , Tveita Torkjel 
Published: May 2021

Introduction:This systematic review and meta-analysis aims at comparing outcomes of rewarming after accidental hypothermic cardiac arrest (HCA) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or/and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Material and Methods:Literature searches were limited to references with an abstract in English, French or German. Additionally, we searched reference lists of included papers. Primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. We assessed neurological outcome, differences in relative risks (RR) of surviving, as related to the applied rewarming technique, sex, asphyxia, and witnessed or unwitnessed HCA. We calculated hypothermia outcome prediction probability score after extracorporeal life support (HOPE) in patients in whom we found individual data.P&lt; 0.05 considered significant.Results:Twenty-three case observation studies comprising 464 patients were included in a meta-analysis comparing outcomes of rewarming with CPB or/and ECMO. One-hundred-and-seventy-two patients (37%) survived to hospital discharge, 76 of 245 (31%) after CPB and 96 of 219 (44 %) after ECMO; 87 and 75%, respectively, had good neurological outcomes. Overall chance of surviving was 41% higher (P= 0.005) with ECMO as compared with CPB. A man and a woman had 46% (P= 0.043) and 31% (P= 0.115) higher chance, respectively, of surviving with ECMO as compared with CPB. Avalanche victims had the lowest chance of surviving, followed by drowning and people losing consciousness in cold environments. Assessed by logistic regression, asphyxia, unwitnessed HCA, male sex, high initial body temperature, low pH and high serum potassium (s-K+) levels were associated with reduced chance of surviving. In patients displaying individual data, overall mean predictive surviving probability (HOPE score;n= 134) was 33.9 ± 33.6% with no significant difference between ECMO and CPB-treated patients. We also surveyed 80 case reports with 96 victims of HCA, who underwent resuscitation with CPB or ECMO, without including them in the meta-analysis.Conclusions:The chance of surviving was significantly higher after rewarming with ECMO, as compared to CPB, and in patients with witnessed compared to unwitnessed HCA. Avalanche victims had the lowest probability of surviving. Male sex, high initial body temperature, low pH, and high s-K+were factors associated with low surviving chances.
The Development of Extra-Articular Manifestations in Children With Enthesitis-Related Arthritis: Natural Course or Different Disease Entity?
Authors: Pagnini Ilaria , Scavone Mariangela , Maccora Ilaria , Mastrolia Maria Vincenza , Marrani Edoardo , Bertini Federico , Lamot Lovro , Simonini Gabriele 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Enthesitis-related Arthritis (ERA) is a specific category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) characterized by axial and/or peripheral arthritis, and enthesitis, although other different extra-articular manifestations may encompass its clinical spectrum.Materials and Methods: In order to examine if ERA-JIA with extra-articular involvement may represent a different entity from ERA without extra-articular involvement, we performed a retrospective, observational, monocentric study, in a cohort of ERA patients followed between 2001 and September 2020 at the Pediatric Rheumatology Unit of Meyer Children Hospital of Florence. We analyzed the demographic, clinical, laboratory and imaging data at the disease onset, as well as after 3, 6, and 12 months follow up.Results: We have enrolled 53 patients, 33 males. At the time of diagnosis, average age was 10.9 years, 53 patients had active arthritis and 25 active enthesitis. The middle foot involvement was present in 20 patients. Twenty-five children achieved clinical remission on medication. Extra-articular manifestations were observed in 14 patients, of whom 3 had inflammatory bowel disease, 5 uveitis, one uveitis associated with Crohn disease, 4 SAPHO syndrome, one celiac disease. The cohort was stratified according to the presence/absence of extra-articular manifestations. It was observed that middle foot involvement was more frequent in patients with no extra-articular manifestations (18/39 vs. 2/14; χ2 = 4.45, p = 0.05). Additionally, patients presenting extra-articular manifestation needed more frequently (12/14 vs. 21/39, χ2= 4.45, p = 0.05), and preciously (months: 3.7 ± 5.4 vs. 16.7 ± 26.5, p = 0.02), treatment with biologic agents. Finally, these patients achieved belatedly (months: 31.6 ± 32.3 vs. 22.9 ± 18.3, p = 0.01) and less frequently (3/14 vs. 22/39; χ2= 5.50, p = 0.03) the clinical remission on medication. Eventually, extra-articular involvement inversely correlated with the middle-foot arthritis (ρs −0.29, p = 0.03), the chance to achieve remission on medication (ρs −0.31 e p = 0.02), as well as the chance to keep overall remission, with and without medication (ρs −0.28, p = 0.04).Conclusion: In our cohort, children diagnosed with ERA-JIA at the onset of disease and then developed extra-articular manifestations show the absence of middle foot involvement and worse prognosis with an early need for the use of biologic agents, and overall low chance to achieve remission.