bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To EBFM or not to EBFM? that is not the question
Authors: Karnauskas Mandy , Walter John F. , Kelble Christopher R. , McPherson Matthew , Sagarese Skyler R. , Craig J. Kevin , Rios Adyan , Harford William J. , Regan Seann , Giordano Steven D. , Kilgour Morgan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe ecosystem‐based fisheries management (EBFM) framework has a solid theoretical justification and has been embraced in principle by many regions; yet, systematic implementation remains a challenge. In regions with strong governance, single‐species stock assessment and management has been successful in ending overfishing and maintaining stocks near levels that produce maximum catches. However, considering species in isolation and recognizing a limited set of management objectives leads to systemic inefficiencies, incentivizes waste and generates unintended consequences. To avoid undesirable outcomes, human values and needs must be positioned at the forefront of management, system‐level objectives must be identified, and management actions must be systematically evaluated to ensure they are contributing to those larger objectives. Such processes, when implemented transparently, will lead to reduced conflict and improved stakeholder support for governance and should greatly facilitate long‐term management. We argue here that, regardless of the management framework adopted, we inherently manage at the ecosystem level—albeit sometimes “blindly”—and that increased attention to ecosystem objectives and trade‐offs will improve management outcomes.
Mass‐effect: Understanding the relationship between age and otolith weight in fishes
Authors: Pacheco Carlos , Bustamante Carlos , Araya Miguel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe estimation of age on a fish by using the otolith weight is a quick and low‐cost technique, yet controversial despite separate researchers worldwide have proved successfully its application. A systematic review was conducted including 47 publications containing 289 data points where the relationship between the age and otolith weight was assessed. Here, a meta‐analysis of the age and otolith weight relationship at a global level is provided. A random effect model was used to estimate the effect size (Pearson's correlation coefficient) of each study as well as the overall effect size. A strong effect in age–otolith weight relationship was detected with an overall effect size of r = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 to 0.94) and a high observed heterogeneity (QT = 8,107.63, df = 288, p < .001; I2 = 96.62%). Four significant moderator variables were identified (families, habitats, models and regions) where heterogeneity was large (≥90%) while the families were the best moderator according to AIC criteria (QM = 378.12, df = 28, p < .0001; I2 = 89.97%). Overall results suggest that otolith weight has a positive effect correlation over the age estimation of fish.
Global progress in incorporating climate adaptation into land protection for biodiversity since Aichi targets
Authors: Carrasco Luis , Papeş Monica , Sheldon Kimberly S. , Giam Xingli 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClimate adaptation strategies are being developed and implemented to protect biodiversity from the impacts of climate change. A well‐established strategy involves the identification and addition of new areas for conservation, and most countries agreed in 2010 to expand the global protected area (PA) network to 17% by 2020 (Aichi Biodiversity Target 11). Although great efforts to expand the global PA network have been made, the potential of newly established PAs to conserve biodiversity under future climate change remains unclear at the global scale. Here, we conducted the first global‐extent, country‐level assessment of the contribution of PA network expansion toward three key land prioritization approaches for biodiversity persistence under climate change: protecting climate refugia, protecting abiotic diversity, and increasing connectivity. These approaches avoid uncertainties of biodiversity predictions under climate change as well as the issue of undescribed species. We found that 51% of the countries created new PAs in locations with lower mean climate velocity (representing better climate refugia) and 58% added PAs in areas with higher mean abiotic diversity compared to the available, non‐human‐dominated lands not chosen for protection. However, connectivity among PAs declined in 53% of the countries, indicating that many new PAs were located far from existing PAs. Lastly, we identified potential improvements for climate adaptation, showing that 94% of the countries have the opportunity to improve in executing one or more approaches to conserve biodiversity. Most countries (60%) were associated with multiple opportunities, highlighting the need for integrative strategies that target multiple land protection approaches. Our results demonstrate that a global improvement in the protection of climate refugia, abiotic diversity, and connectivity of reserves is needed to complement land protection informed by existing and projected species distributions. Our study also provides a framework for countries to prioritize land protection for climate adaptation using publicly available data.
Microvascular complications and frailty can predict adverse outcomes in older patients with diabetes
Authors: Sable‐Morita Sayuri , Tanikawa Takahisa , Satake Shosuke , Okura Mika , Tokuda Haruhiko , Arai Hidenori 
Published: February 2021

AimWe aimed to assess whether frailty and diabetes‐related factors could predict the occurrence of adverse events in older patients with diabetes, who constitute a patient population prone to physical decline and reductions in skeletal muscle mass.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study comprised 477 patients who were being managed by outpatient diabetes care, and the reductions in their muscle strength and walking speed were assessed. Patients were evaluated using the Kihon Checklist, Mini Nutritional Assessment and Mini Mental State Examination, and followed up for 1 year, during which adverse events were monitored and confirmed from past medical records and face‐to‐face interviews. Intergroup comparisons of participants with and without adverse events during the observation period were undertaken by the paired‐sample t‐, Mann–Whitney U‐ and chi‐square tests. Multiple logistic regression analysis, adjusted for sex and age, was conducted to determine significant predictors of adverse event incidence.ResultsOverall, 12.4% (n = 59; age 74.2 ± 6.2 years) of the patients experienced adverse events. We observed significant between‐group differences in the Kihon Checklist total score, walking speed, hypoglycemia episodes, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Microvascular complications and frailty were significant predictors of adverse event incidence (respective odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.403 [1.109–1.775] per additional complication; 2.419 [1.331–4.397] for frailty; both P < 0.05).ConclusionsIn this study, we found that frailty, which was assessed using the Kihon Checklist, and the number of microvascular complications predicted adverse events in older patients with diabetes and should to be assessed. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 359–363.
Dual‐level impact of regional context and individual attributes on entrepreneurship among return migrants in China
Authors: Yin Jiangbin , Huang Xiaoyan , Dong Yunyun , Zhao Min , Tan Weibao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIndividual attributes have been demonstrated to influence the entrepreneurial decisions of returnees, but little is known about the regional factors. This study employed a dual‐level logistic model to explore the effects of both individual characteristics and regional context on returnee entrepreneurship in China. The results indicated the significance of both individual‐level attributes and regional context in the entrepreneurial entry: regional prosperity, government fiscal expenditure, tax burden, rainfall, and transportation infrastructure significantly affected the entrepreneurial probability. This study extends the returnee entrepreneurship literature by first, elucidating the importance of regional context in entrepreneurship and second, highlighting the joint impact of economic, institutional, and geographical contexts.
Molecular characterization of Algerian populations of cocksfoot and tall fescue: Ploidy level determination and genetic diversity analysis
Authors: Benfriha Hadjer , Mefti Mohamed , Robbins Matthew , Thorsted Kim , Bushman Shaun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlgeria is a country rich in phytogenetic resources, especially those of pastoral and forage interest. Unfortunately, few studies have been conducted to characterize Algerian local ecotypes. Recently, advances in next‐generation sequencing technologies have allowed for robust genotyping by sequencing (GBS) for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery, making the characterization of plant relationships with complex and unsequenced genomes more feasible. In the present study, we investigate the genetic diversity of cocksfoot and tall fescue ecotypes from different regions in Algeria, using the SNP variation supplied by a GBS analysis. We compared ecotypes to two common cultivars of both species. A total of 787 SNP markers for cocksfoot and 743 for tall fescue were obtained, and the diversity analysis revealed that 88% and 86% of overall variation in cocksfoot and tall fescue, respectively, were within populations rather than among them. Genetic structure analysis revealed a moderate genetic differentiation among accessions with a mean Fst value of 0.127 for cocksfoot and 0.140 for tall fescue, with high gene flow (NmOrchardgrass = 1.723, NmTall fescue = 1.535) and no significant isolation‐by‐distance pattern. A unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean tree (UPGMA) and principal component analysis revealed the genetic distinctness of populations from cultivars for each species. The flow cytometry analysis confirmed the tetraploid level of cocksfoot and the hexaploid level of all tall fescue entries but one. Although the cocksfoot populations were distinct from the cultivars, the Ruines de djemila population had the broadest base and showed the closest relative relationship to the two cultivars. Similarly, the FE5729 tall fescue population showed the closest relationship to the two tall fescue cultivars.
Lower physical activity and altered body composition in patients with haemophilia compared with healthy controls
Authors: Putz Peter , Klinger Meike , Male Christoph , Pabinger Ingrid 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionPatients with haemophilia (PWH) have traditionally been discouraged from engaging in sports and strenuous exercise activities, due to the perceived risk of bleeding complications. This puts PWH at an increased risk to become overweight or obese. However, the benefits of many forms of physical activity seem to outweigh their risks, although activities with significant trauma risk should be avoided.AimTo evaluate physical activity patterns and body composition of adult PWH.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study compared data on physical activity from tri‐axial accelerometers and body composition of 18 male adult PWH (aged 18–49 years) on prophylactic replacement therapy and without acute joint bleedings to those of 24 healthy age‐matched controls, by means of Mann‐Whitney‐U‐Tests.ResultsMedian moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity was significantly (p = .000) lower in PWH (34.6 min/day) than in healthy controls (65.2 min/day). Body mass index was almost similar between PWH and controls (25.1 vs 24.2 kg/m2, p = .431). Yet, we found a consistent trend towards less desirable outcomes across body composition parameters, such as median body fat rate (23.5 vs 17.0%, p = .055) in PWH, compared with controls.ConclusionAlthough physical activity has been recommended for PWH since the mid‐1970s, the physical activity engagement of adult PWH was still severely limited, possibly due to over‐cautiousness but presumably also in consequence of chronic pain. Poor physical activity engagement may well be expected to contribute to the increased body fat and decreased leg muscle mass. Consequently, policies should focus on improving the knowledge and motivation of PWH to engage in health‐enhancing physical activity.
Health‐related quality of life and health status in adolescent and adult people with haemophilia A without factor VIII inhibitors—A non‐interventional study
Authors: Oldenburg Johannes , Tran Huyen , Peyvandi Flora , Núñez Ramiro , Trask Peter , Chebon Sammy , Mahlangu Johnny N. , Lehle Michaela , Jiménez‐Yuste Victor , von Mackensen Sylvia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionReal‐world data on health‐related outcomes in persons with haemophilia A (PwHA) can provide useful information for improving patient care. The global, non‐interventional study (NIS; NCT02476942) prospectively collected high‐quality data in PwHA, including those without factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitors treated according to local routine clinical practice.AimTo report health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and health status of adult/adolescent PwHA without FVIII inhibitors.MethodsParticipants were PwHA without FVIII inhibitors age ≥12 years; they remained on existing episodic treatment or prophylaxis. HRQoL was assessed by Haemophilia Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adults (Haem‐A‐QoL) or Haemophilia‐Specific Quality of Life Assessment for Children and Adolescents Short Form (Haemo‐QoL‐SF II). Health status was assessed through EuroQol 5‐Dimensions 5‐Levels (EQ‐5D‐5L) index utility score and visual analogue scale (EQ‐VAS).ResultsNinety‐four participants enrolled; median age was 34.0 years (range 12–76). Forty‐five received episodic treatment and 49 received prophylaxis for a median time of 27.7 weeks and 30.4 weeks, respectively. Mean (standard deviation) baseline Haem‐A‐QoL total scores were 40.1 (17.0) for the episodic group and 26.6 (14.6) for the prophylaxis group, indicating impairments in HRQoL, which remained consistent over time. Mean EQ‐5D‐5L IUS scores were similar between treatment regimens (0.8 episodic; 0.9 prophylaxis) and consistent over time. The mean EQ‐VAS scores were similar between treatment regimens, and lower on days when bleeding occurred (79.0 vs 85.0 for episodic treatment; 77.0 vs 82.0 for prophylaxis, respectively).ConclusionsAdult and adolescent PwHA without FVIII inhibitors had HRQoL impairments regardless of whether they were treated with episodic or prophylactic standard care with FVIII.
Microbiological and physicochemical characterisation of green table olives of Halkidiki and Conservolea varieties processed by the Spanish method on industrial scale
Authors: Tzamourani Aikaterini P. , Di Napoli Elisa , Paramithiotis Spiros , Economou‐Petrovits Georgios , Panagiotidis Stavros , Panagou Efstathios Z. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe microbiological and physicochemical changes of industrially fermented Halkidiki and Conservolea green table olives were determined. Samples were analysed to monitor the population of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), yeasts and Enterobacteriaceae, together with changes in pH, acidity, salinity, colour, lactic acid, acetic acid and ethanol. LAB and yeast species diversity was evaluated at the beginning (1 day), middle (75 days) and final (135 days) stages of fermentation by RAPD‐PCR genomic fingerprinting. Results revealed vigorous lactic acid processes as indicated by the dominance of LAB over yeasts. No Enterobacteriaceae could be detected after 30 days. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly Lactobacillus plantarum) dominated in the beginning of fermentation in both varieties. In the end, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus (formerly Lactobacillus pentosus) and Pediococcus ethanolidurans prevailed in Halkidiki and Conservolea varieties, respectively. As for yeasts, Kluyveromyces lactis/marxianus and Pichia manshurica prevailed at the onset of fermentation in Halkidiki and Conservolea varieties, whereas in the end Pichia membranifaciens dominated in both varieties.
Effect of laughter yoga on mental symptoms and salivary cortisol levels in first‐year nursing students: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ozturk Fatma Ozlem , Tezel Ayfer 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundUniversity students are faced with several stress factors affecting their mental health. Therefore, the first year at university is a period that calls for careful attention and research.AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of laughter yoga on mental symptoms and cortisol levels in nursing students.MethodsThis study is a randomized controlled study employing a pre‐/post‐test design with a control group. A total of 75 healthy university students were assigned to the intervention group and control group. The Brief Symptom Inventory was applied to both groups before Session 1 and after Session 8. Saliva samples were taken from the students to measure their cortisol levels before and after each session.ResultsEvaluation of the mean scores obtained from the Brief Symptom Inventory before and after the intervention showed a significant decrease in the scores between groups (P< 0.05). In three out of the eight sessions, there was a significant decrease in the intervention group compared with the control group regarding the mean values of pre‐test and post‐test salivary cortisol levels (P< 0.05).ConclusionLaughter yoga can provide an effective means to help first‐year nursing students cope with stress and reduce mental symptoms.
Telehealth in cancer care: during and beyond the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Burbury Kate , Wong Zee‐Wan , Yip Desmond , Thomas Huw , Brooks Peter , Gilham Leslie , Piper Amanda , Solo Ilana , Underhill Craig 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has precipitated the rapid uptake of telehealth in cancer care and in other fields. Many of the changes made in routine clinical practice could be embedded beyond the duration of the pandemic. This is intended as a practical guide to cancer clinicians and others in establishing and improving the quality of consultations performed by telehealth.
Being a patient with early stage Parkinson disease: reaction to the diagnosis and management
Authors: Blacker David J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis personal viewpoint, written by a neurologist with Parkinson disease (PD), is to provide a patient's perspective, to accompany the clinical perspective in this issue of the Intenal Medicine Journal entitled 'Approach to the patient with early stage Parkinson disease'. The aim is to provide a personal insight into the numerous issues surrounding early diagnosis and management of PD, from the position of being a physician patient.
Development and dissemination of the national strategic action plan for reducing inappropriate polypharmacy in older Australians
Authors: Kouladjian O'Donnell Lisa , Reeve Emily , Cumming Anne , Scott Ian A. , Hilmer Sarah N. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA cohesive, national approach is needed to address inappropriate polypharmacy in older adults and promote deprescribing. We describe the dissemination of the Quality Use of Medicines to Optimise Ageing in Older Australians: Recommendations for a National Strategic Action Plan to Reduce Inappropriate Polypharmacy, and the initiatives taken to date that align with, and assist in operationalising this plan.
The effect of drying methods on viscoelastic behaviour of dehydrated fruits and vegetables
Authors: Krokida Magdalini K. , Maroulis Zacharias B. 
Published: February 2021

SummaryThe effect of drying methods on the theological behaviour of dehydrated apple, banana, carrot and potato was examined by uniaxial compression tests on cylindrical specimens. Samples were dehydrated using four different drying methods: osmotic, conventional, vacuum and freeze drying. After drying samples at varying final moisture, the contents were tested for compressibility using pressures ranging from 0.02 to 8 kg kg‐1 db. A simple mathematical model was used to describe the viscoelastic behaviour of the examined materials. Four parameters with physical meaning were incorporated in the model: the maximum stress (γmax), the maximum strain (εmax), the elastic parameter (E) and the viscoelastic exponent (p). It was shown that all the parameters were dependent on both the drying method and the material. Osmotic dehydration seems to increase the viscous nature of fruits and decrease their elasticity, while freeze‐dried materials seem to have the most elastic structure.
Development of magnetically switchable high permittivity microwave dielectrics using La(Al1‐xFex)O3
Authors: Gonzales Justin , Gajare Siddhesh , Newman Nathan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe introduction of transition metal doping, particularly Fe3+, into high‐performance microwave dielectrics can make “smart” materials that switch between a high‐Q, low loss state and a low‐Q, high loss state using a small external magnetic field. In this study, the dielectric and magnetic properties of the high permittivity host material LaAlO3 (εr = 22.5), when doped with Fe3+, are reported. Spin losses dominate the loss tangent at cryogenic temperatures and survive up to room temperature. Peaks in the loss tangent versus temperature relation are observed near 40, 75, and 215 K. Additional measurements of samples exposed to annealing in varying environments, combined with Debye analysis and the results of native defect energy predictions from density functional calculations[Phys Rev B. 2009;80:104115], allows us to associate the 40, 75, and 215 K peaks to the following reactions, , , and , respectively.
“I don’t have any emotions”: An ethnography of emotional labour and feeling rules in the emergency department
Authors: Kirk Kate , Cohen Laurie , Edgley Alison , Timmons Stephen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aims to apply Hochschild's theory of emotional labour to emergency care, and uncover the ‘specialty‐specific’ feeling rules driving this labour. Despite the importance of positive nurse well‐being, the emotional labour of nursing (a great influencer in wellbeing) remains neglected.Design and MethodsEthnography enabled immersion in the ED setting, gathering the lived experiences and narratives of the ED nursing team. We undertook first‐hand observations at one major trauma centre ED and one district general ED including semi‐structured interviews (18). A reflexive and interpretive approach towards thematic analysis was used.ResultsWe unearthed and conceptualized four feeling rules born from this context and offer extensive insights into the emotional labour of emergency nurses.ConclusionUnderstanding the emotional labour and feeling rules of various nursing specialties offers critical insight into the challenges facing staff ‐ fundamental for nursing well‐being and associated retention programs.Impact

What problem did the study address?

What were the main findings?

Where and on whom will the research have impact?

Academically, this research expands our understanding ‐ we know little of nurses’ feeling rules and how specialties influence them. Clinically, (including service managers and policy makers) there are practical implications for nurse well‐being.