bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective observational study on iv compatibility, dose adjustment and ADR of chemotherapy drugs in oncology department at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sinha Abhishek Kumar , Sapkota Kreeti , Agrahari Sonaxi , Prabhudev B. R. , Ramaiah Balakeshwa 
Published: December 2024

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Chemotherapy is a standard modality of cancer treatment that uses chemical agents or drugs to destroy cancer cells in the cell cycles or use chemicals or drugs to inhibit cancerous cells growth and spread. The objective of this study was to assess the IV compatibility of chemotherapy drug in different solution, assess the frequency of ADR, classify ADR according to the class of drug and dose adjustment.
Methods: In this study, cancer patients of either gender (aged 21-90) admitted on the oncology department of Bangalore Baptist Hospital were included in the study. Assessment of IV compatibility was done based on the prescription pattern, dose adjustment was done on the basis of body weight, BSA and hepatic and renal parameters. Adverse reactions reported by the patients, assessed by the doctors and nurses and changes in the laboratory parameters were analysed for the assessment of ADR.
Results: A total of 43 patients met the inclusion criteria; among which 44% were male and 56% were female. The mean age of the study was 57.49. Breast cancer, stomach cancer and lung cancer were more prevalent. In the study 24 chemotherapy drugs were used among them 20 drugs were compatible in 0.9% normal saline and 4 drugs were compatible in 5% dextrose. Dose adjustment were done for 4 drugs which were Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, Trastuzumab and Ifosfamide. The average dose adjusted for Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, Trastuzumab and Ifosfamide were -0.46±3.3, 0.5±10.6, -10±0 and -50±0 respectively. Total of 25 adverse drug reaction were seen where vomiting, gastritis and anemia were more frequently seen. Alkylating agents showed more number of ADRs.
Conclusions: From the study, it can be concluded that most of the chemotherapy drugs were compatible either in 5% dextrose or 0.9% normal saline. Dose adjustments were done on the basis of body weight and BSA. Alkylating agents showed ADR most frequently and least frequent was topoisomerase inhibitor. Vomiting was the most reported ADR.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО УПРАВЛІННЯ КРЕДИТНИМ ПОРТФЕЛЕМ КОМЕРЦІЙНОГО БАНКУ
Authors: Масалигіна В. В. , Деркач А. А. 
Published: December 2024

У статті розглянуто теоретико-методологічні підходи до управління кредитним портфелем комерційного банку; визначено, що дослідження проблеми організації управління кредитним портфелем комерційного банку з позицій реальної практики є необхідним для підвищення ефективності банківської діяльності. Зроблено висновок, що управління кредитним портфелем комерційного банку являє собою процес реалізації управлінського впливу керуючої підсистеми банку (кредитний та юридичний департамент, служба безпеки, управління ризик-менеджменту) на керовану підсистему (кредитний портфель) з метою максимізації прибутку, підтримання ліквідності та мінімізації ризиків кредитної діяльності з використання загальних і специфічних методів управління та дотриманням принципів управління. Ефективність управління кредитним портфелем комерційного банку при застосуванні запропонованої моделі може бути визначена двома шляхами. Перший – це співвідношення таких параметрів як: рівень резервів під нестандартну заборгованість, обсяг кредитування, середня процентна ставка за наданими кредитами та ставка без ризику. Другий – орієнтація на отриманий прибуток (абсолютний показник) чи на відношення прибутку до певної величини (відносний показник).
Evaluasi Program Kegiatan Proyek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di SMK Negeri 1 Pengasih
Authors: Suhardi Devantri Lismada Wulan Kirani , Wibawa Eka Ary , Hidayati Noor 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis evaluasi program proyek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila yang mencakup dalam penentuan tema, implementasi, serta evaluasi program kegiatan di SMK Negeri 1 Pengasih yang berbasis kearifan lokal dengan Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian evaluasi dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui teknik menelaah, memvisualisasikan kejadian, serta merangkum proses kejadian dari data yang terkumpul melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah staf, guru, siswa SMK Negeri 1 Pengasih kelas X dan XI SMK Negeri 1 Pengasih. Data hasil penelitian diolah dengan tahapan pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian, dan simpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) membentuk tim fasilitator, 2) tema kearifan lokal yang telah ditentukan ini didapatkan berdasarkan kesepakatan yang telah disetujui bersama dengan melakukan rapat 3) adapun terdapat tahapan dalam implementasi kegiatan P5 ini, di antaranya yaitu: a) tahap pengenalan, b) tahap kontekstual, c) tahap aksi, serta d) tahap refleksi dan tindak lanjut, 4) Implementasi evaluasi dapat dilakukan secara menyeluruh dan berfokus pada proses selama kegiatan program berlangsung,. Serta terdapat faktor penghambat dalam implementasi P5 di SMK Negeri 1 Pengasih, yaitu: kurangnya pemahaman guru terkait program P5, kurangnya arahan dari fasilitator, karakteristik peserta didik yang berbeda
Flow hydraulics consideration information of the grey water reuse: towards sustainable water management
Authors: Ostad-Ali-Askari Kaveh , Raeisi-Vanani Hamid 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In this article, the effect of water quality on the hydraulic parameters of furrow irrigation was tested with 60 experiments with the quality of fresh water (FW), magnetic (MW) and non-magnetic effluent (WW). It was found that magnetism has no significant effect on the quality parameters of wastewater. Also, the effect of water quality on infiltration parameters such as final infiltration, average infiltration in certain time periods, especially in the advance stage, was not significant. But the final penetration reduction during the test period in MW and WW was more severe than FW and magnetism had little effect. These observations were similar to the results in the average penetration in certain time intervals except for the advance stage. Water quality did not have a significant effect on the time of discharge and progress and regression and the time of reaching the final infiltration. The results showed that the hydraulics of furrow irrigation was more affected by the soil and tillage than the quality of irrigation water and the magnetic field did not change the hydraulic effects of WW compared to MW.
Knowledge and Attitude Towards Human Papillomavirus and Its Vaccine Among Medical Students(Mbbs) in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in South India
Authors: Raghupathi Mahitha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
According to the WHO, Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the name of a group of 200 known viruses. Although they do not cause concerns in most people, infection with some high-risk types such as 16 and 18 causes cancer.Infection with milder strains are more common and tend to cause warts. Persistent HPV infection with high-risk HPV types is the cause of cervical cancer and is associated with cancers of the vulva, vagina, mouth/throat, penis and anus.Prophylactic vaccination against HPV can prevent these cancers. Medical professionals, especially doctors, are the foremost educators of the public in this matter. Hence this study was designed with the intent to identify and understand the amount of knowledge and the attitude towards HPV and its vaccine amongst undergraduate medical students.
Materials and methods
Cross sectional questionnaire based study among medical students
Results
The study was conducted among 728 students belonging to 1st to 4th year MBBS. The mean total knowledge score was 7(SD = 2.712) and the mean attitude score was 4.42(SD = 2.617). The knowledge and attitude of 1st to 4th year students were compared and possible influences that contribute to knowledge were identified(p = 0.0002). Other variables such as source of information, history of recommending the vaccine, reasons for not recommending are also discussed.It is understood that knowledge improves attitude and hence practice towards HPV and its vaccines.
Conclusion
It is concluded that more focus should be given on improving areas of knowledge of HPV to understand and improve its attitude towards it. Introducing comprehensive educational plans and training methods will be beneficial for the long term practice and bridging the gap between partial and complete knowledge. This is crucial as these medical students are the future medical practitioners who will continue this practice until it becomes the norm. By instilling a strong foundation in preventive medicine and epidemiology, we ensure that future doctors are well-prepared to address and manage preventable diseases effectively, thereby contributing to improved public health outcomes and the overall well-being of the community.
Persistent Regional Income Inequalities in Kenya During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a Bi-Dimensional Inequality Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Kataoka Mitsuhiko , Kirugi Geoffrey Mwenda 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Economic downturns affect regions unevenly, highlighting regional income disparities. While some studies find that downturns reduce regional income inequality, others report persistent or worsening disparities. Kenya, the seventh most populous nation in Africa, comprises 47 counties with diverse ethnic and geographical landscapes, where regional income inequality has attracted considerable public attention. This study examined the spatial distribution of per capita Gross County Product (GCP) together with the regional and industrial factors that influenced it both during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The bi-dimensional inequality decomposition revealed that the industrial factors driving inequality differed regionally. In the wealthier two regions, the financial and business service sector in Central region and the transportation and communication sectors in North Coast region were the primary contributors to overall inequality. In Rift Valley region, agriculture played the most prominent role. These findings aid in identifying targeted policy interventions. Despite the significant variations in per capita GCP growth rates across counties during the pandemic and subsequent recovery, the study’s analysis confirmed that the regional inequality structure remained stable over the years. While the pandemic did not significantly increase regional disparities, the nearly 10-fold difference between the minimum and maximum GCP per capita highlights the persistently high levels of inequality. This underscores the urgent need for government intervention to promote more balanced regional development.
JEL: D63 N97 O18 P25 R11 R12
Synergies and Trade-offs between Robusta Yield, Carbon Stocks and Biodiversity across Coffee Systems in the DR Congo
Authors: Broeckhoven Ieben , Depecker Jonas , Muliwambene Trésor Kasereka , Honnay Olivier , Merckx Roel , Verbist Bruno 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The rapid decline of tropical rainforests, particularly in the Congo Basin, is predominantly driven by small-scale subsistence agricultural expansion. Tropical agroforestry, particularly coffee agroforestry, is seen as a potential way to balance agricultural productivity with biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration, despite some possible trade-offs. However, substantial knowledge gaps persist regarding these trade-offs within and across coffee systems, especially in Africa. Here, we used a stratified random sampling design and general additive models to examine the relationship between yield, biodiversity, and carbon stocks in four coffee systems in the DR Congo (monocultures, cultivated agroforestry, wild agroforestry, and forest coffee) based on 79 inventoried plots. Our results demonstrate that coffee yields in cultivated agroforestry systems are not significantly different from monocultures, in contrast to lower yields in wild coffee agroforestry due to excessive shading (> 50%). Our study also shows the irreplaceable value of forest coffee systems in terms of biodiversity and carbon sequestration, suggesting that monoculture and agroforestry systems cannot serve as direct substitutes. Forest coffee systems contain three times more total organic carbon (TOC) than the agroforestry systems, which in turn contain almost double the amount of TOC as the coffee monocultures. Our findings revealed a steep decline in woody species diversity, including large changes in community composition, and carbon stocks from forest coffee to agroforestry, with comparatively smaller reductions from agroforestry to monocultures. On the one hand, our study identified convex relationships between woody species diversity and robusta coffee yield, as well as between carbon stocks and robusta yield. On the other hand, synergies are found between carbon stocks and woody plant diversity. One can thus say that coffee agroforestry systems allow the preservation of part of the biodiversity and carbon stocks while also supporting farmer’s livelihood. However, applying EUDR guidelines may hinder the adoption of these agroforestry systems due to the regulation’s inherent binary classification of forest versus non-forest.
Validation of the Brazilian version of the Processes of Change Questionnaire in Weight Management in adults with overweight and obesity in Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Quênia , Ziani Paola Rampelotto , Montezano Bruno Braga , Goularte Jeferson Ferraz , Rosa Adriane Ribeiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
In Brazil, 57.5% of men and 62.6% of women are considered overweight, highlighting obesity as a public health issue. Obesity increases the risk of various chronic diseases, and most people struggle to maintain weight loss in the long term. The Transtheoretical Model is an approach that considers readiness for behavioral change, and questionnaires like the Process of Change Questionnaire (P-Weight), the Stages of Change Questionnaire (S-Weight) have been developed to assess these changes in weight management. This study aims to analyze the adapted version of the P-Weight in Brazil, relate stages and processes of change, and investigate its correlation with external measures related to eating disorders.
Methods
A total of 656 adults participated in the study, including people in weight loss treatment and people from the general community. All participants responded to the P-Weight), the S-Weight, and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), which assesses risk of eating disorder used as a measure of external validity. Socio-demographic variables were also investigated.
Results
The 33-item P-weight questionnaire showed satisfactory psychometric properties with high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.959). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a 4-factor model similar to the original Spanish version of P-Weight with a slightly rearrangement of the items (KMO = 0.92, df (528, n = 328) = 8,401.015; p < 0.0001). We found significant associations between processes and stages of change (p < 0.001) and a moderate correlation between the four subscales of P-weight and EAT-26 (p < 0.001). Finally, the mean score of P-Weight was higher in the clinical sample compared to the general community, suggesting the sensitivity to discriminate cases and controls (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
This study showed the validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of the P-Weight scale. Therefore, the P-Weight is readily available to help professionals to employ precision interventions to weight loss considering the patient’s motivational stage in combination with their individual use of the cognitive processes of change.
Hypothalamic estrogen receptor α pathway involved in high intensity interval training induced visceral fat loss in premenopausal rats
Authors: Wang Juanjuan , Tian Shuai , Du Jinchan , Du Sihao , Chen Wei , Liu Yang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Visceral fat tissue (VAT) is strongly associated with metabolic diseases. Both high-intensity training (HIT) and moderate-intensity training (MIT) reduce VAT effectively, while HIT might mediate larger VAT loss in females. The estrogen receptor α (ERα) pathway may play a key role. The aim of the present study was to confirm the role of adipose/hypothalamic ERα in HIT/MIT mediated VAT loss, as well as the associated hypothalamic electrophysiology and body catabolism changes in pre- and post menopausal animal models.
Methods
Ovariectomy (OVX) or sham surgeries were carried out to establish pre/postmenopausal female rat models. After distance matched long-term HIT and MIT interventions, ERα expression in hypothalamic/VAT, as well as food intake, spontaneous physical activity (SPA), VAT mass and morphology, local field potential (LFPs) in paraventricular nuclei (PVN) and Excessive post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) were observed. And a target chemical blocking during the post-exercise recovery period was executed to further verify the role of hypothalamic ERα pathway.
Results
HIT enhanced the expression of ERα in hypothalamus rather than VAT in pre-, but not postmenopausal group, which was accompanied by elevated LFPs power density in α and β bands, enhanced EPOC and larger VAT loss than MIT. Chemical blocking of ERα suppressed EPOC and VAT catabolism mediated by HIT.
Conclusion
During the post-exercise recovery period, hypothalamic ERα pathway involved in the HIT induced EPOC elevation and VAT reduction in premenopausal female rats.
Protocol: A Quasi-Experimental Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation of Emergency Department Violence Intervention Programmes in the United Kingdom
Authors: Moore Simon C. , Brophy Sinead , Bandyopadhyay Amrita , Newbury Annemarie , Hamilton Megan , Battaglia Adele , Lowe Trudy , O'Reilly David , Rawlinson David , Snowdon Lara , Shepherd Jonathan , Sivarajasingam Vaseekaran , Watkins Alan , Walker Simon , Premji Shainur , Aslam Rabeea’h , Borgia Sophie , Yeomans Henry 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Hospital-based violence intervention programmes (HVIPs), based in Emergency Departments (EDs) have been proposed as a public health response to violence. These programmes address the underlying reasons why patients are exposed to violence. In addressing any underlying modifiable risks and vulnerabilities HVIPs can reduce patients’ exposure to violence and therefore subsequent unplanned attendance into ED.
Methods and Analysis
ED patients are eligible for inclusion in the evaluation if they are normally resident in Wales, United Kingdom (UK), aged 11 years and older. A controlled longitudinal natural experiment will be undertaken. The primary outcome is derived from the Emergency Department Dataset, routinely collected for all EDs in Wales, and is subsequent unplanned ED attendance. Case patients will be matched to control patients attending EDs without an HVIP. Analysis will derive the hazard rate for subsequent unplanned ED attendances using recurrent event analysis. The total monthly count of patients identified as attending because of violence in intervention EDs will be compared to the total count of Welsh control EDs in an interrupted time series analysis to determine whether HVIPS increase violence ascertainment. To determine whether referral, versus no referral, to the HVIP represents value for money, we will undertake a cost-effectiveness analysis from the perspective of the National Health Service.
Ethics and Dissemination
The approval to access and analyse data housed in the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank, an ISO 27001 certified and UK Statistics Authority accredited secure data environment, was granted by the SAIL independent Information Governance Review Panel (Ref: 1421). Findings will be presented at local, national, and international conferences and disseminated by peer-review publication.
ISRCTN Registration: 41868 (12 August 2022)
Individual mHLA-DR trajectories in the ICU as predictors of early infections following liver transplantation: a prospective observational study
Authors: Delignette Marie-Charlotte , Riff Arnaud , Antonini Teresa , Soustre Tanguy , Bodinier Maxime , Peronnet Estelle , Venet Fabienne , Gossez Morgane , Pantel Solene , Mabrut Jean-Yves , Muller Xavier , Mohkam Kayvan , Villeret François , Erard Domitille , Dumortier Jerôme , Zoulim Fabien , Heyer Laurent , Guichon Céline , Blet Alice , Aubrun Frédéric , Monneret Guillaume , Lebossé Fanny 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background Infections are a leading cause of early mortality after liver transplantation (LT). Prior to transplantation, cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction significantly increases the risk of infection. This study investigated the potential of immune monitoring, with a focus on monocytic HLA-DR (mHLA-DR) expression, as a predictor of post-LT complications.Methods We conducted a prospective study on 130 patients awaiting LT at Lyon University Hospital to assess mHLA-DR expression, lymphocyte subsets, and T-cell function before and after LT. Multivariate analysis and K-means longitudinal clustering were performed to explore the relationships between immune trajectories and clinical outcomes.Results Among the 99 patients who underwent LT, 35.4% experienced infections early post-LT. No difference in outcome was found regarding lymphocyte count or function. Delayed mHLA-DR recovery (Day 7 < 11,000 AB/C) and pre-LT MELD scores > 30 emerged as independent infection risk factors, with ORs of 12.1 [4.4–38.2], p < 0.0001 and 4.9 [1.4–18.4], p = 0.01, respectively. Patients with delayed mHLA-DR restoration also had reduced one-year survival (77.8% versus 98.3%, p = 0.003). K-means clustering revealed three distinct mHLA-DR recovery profiles, with the slowest recovery group showing the poorest outcomes.Conclusions Our findings highlight mHLA-DR as an early predictor of post-LT infections. Monitoring post-LT immune function through mHLA-DR expression could guide individualized management strategies to improve outcomes.Trial registration The study was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov registry: NCT03995537, date: June 20, 2019.
Association of peripheral neuropathy with dementia in type 2 diabetes: a 5-year follow-up study using the national health insurance service-national health information database
Authors: Jin Heung Yong , Kim Ko Woon , Lee Kyung Ae , Park Tae Sun , Kim Min Ji , Kim Jong Seung 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate whether the incidence of dementia is associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetes.
Methods
Using the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Information Database, we calculated the incidence of various types of dementia according to type 2 diabetes with or without DPN by applying multivariate Cox regression analysis. Propensity score matching was performed to equalize each group by considering demographic characteristics and underlying conditions.
Results
The incidence of various types of dementia was higher in patients with type 2 diabetes than in those without diabetes. The risk of developing dementia was higher in type 2 diabetes with DPN than in type 2 diabetes without DPN, irrespective of dementia type (all dementia: 1.53 vs. 2.1 vs. 1.4, Alzheimer’s disease: 1.46 vs. 1.98 vs. 1.34, vascular dementia: 1.86 vs. 2.75 vs. 1.66, other dementia: 1.62 vs. 2.19 vs. 1.48; all type 2 diabetes vs. type 2 diabetes with DPN vs. type 2 diabetes without DPN compared with non-diabetes). When sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) were used, the incidence of all dementia types was lower in patients with type 2 diabetes than in patients with type 2 diabetes who did not use SGLT2Is. This pattern was also observed in patients with type 2 diabetes and DPN.
Conclusions
More active diagnostic and prevention efforts are needed to address the risk of developing all forms of dementia, including vascular dementia, in patients with diabetes and DPN.