bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nahhunte
Authors: Tavernier Jan M. 
Published: October 2021

In the Elamite religion, Nahhunte was the solar god and, accordingly, the bringer of life. In addition, he was the divinity of justice, making him the exact Elamite equivalent of the Mesopotamian Shamash. His name and etymology are still unclear, but his name is also the Elamite word for “sun.”
Contrary to what might be expected of a solar god who is at the same time responsible for justice, an important domain in human life, Nahhunte does not appear abundantly in the textual source material. He appears sometimes in Akkadian and Elamite royal inscriptions and documentary texts from Susiana. He is also mentioned in some Mesopotamian religious/medical texts. Other than that, a small number of personal names (especially royal names) have Nahhunte as an element, mostly in the second position.

His oldest attestations can be found in the so‐called Treaty of Naram‐Sin (ca. 2250
bce
). His latest known attestation is in a documentary text from the Achaemenid period. Nahhunte was remarkably active in Elamite curse formulas, where he appears as the sun and as the divinity who must carry out the curse. This may have a connection with his role as guarantor of justice. His role as divine witness in legal texts must be placed in the same context.
A Biomimetic Self‐Shield Interface for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Negligible Lead Leakage
Authors: Meng Xiangchuan , Hu Xiaotian , Zhang Yanyan , Huang Zengqi , Xing Zhi , Gong Chenxiang , Rao Li , Wang Hongyu , Wang Fuyi , Hu Ting , Tan Licheng , Song Yanlin , Chen Yiwang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) has been achieved in flexible perovskite solar cells, unsatisfactory operational stability and toxicity caused by the moisture transmittance of polymer packaging are still the bottleneck challenges that limit their applications. Herein, inspired by the non‐selective permeability of inactivated cell membrane, the diphosphatidyl‐glycerol (Di‐g) is tactfully introduced as a self‐shield interface upon the perovskite layer. 96% of lead leakage is suppressed because the amphipathic Di‐g can simultaneously bind tightly to the divalent lead ion and afford an interfacial water‐resistance. More importantly, the gradient distribution of lattice residual stress perpendicular to the substrate are optimized. The resultant flexible devices achieve a PCE of 20.29% and 15.01% at effective areas of 1.01 and 21.82 cm2 respectively, yielding excellent environmental and mechanical stability. This strategy exhibits the feasibility of developing interfacial encapsulation to stabilize scalable PSCs with negligible lead leakage.
Printable Tough Adhesive for Instant Fatigue‐Resistant Bonding of Diverse Surfaces
Authors: Liu Jupen , Zhang Ping , Wei Hongqiu , Lu Zhe , Yu You 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAdhesives can stably hold adherent components together. However, a simple design of a high‐performance printable tough adhesive (PTA) with instant fatigue‐resistant adhesion on various substrates is still a significant challenge. Here, the authors report a rapid design to meet this requirement that enables one‐step adhesion of PTA on wet and dry, porous, and nonporous surfaces low as 5 s. This design gives an interfacial toughness of ≈3000 J m−2 and comparable mechanical and fatigue‐resistant properties. The adhesive precursor can be used as an adhesive paint for bonding materials even underwater and maintains strong adhesion under several thousand cycles of large deformation or in a wide temperature range. Moreover, the PTA precursor is chemically stable and controllable, thus benefiting the printing of heterogeneous, 4D shape‐memory composites and a wearable electroluminescent sensor. It is anticipated that this rapid one‐step design of PTA opens new horizons to tough adhesion of diverse surfaces.
MOF‐Based Sustainable Memory Devices
Authors: Kulachenkov Nikita , Haar Quentin , Shipilovskikh Sergei , Yankin Andrei , Pierson Jean‐François , Nominé Alexandre , Milichko Valentin A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractData storage, processing, and communications are the backbone of the digital world and focus the innovation efforts of the microelectronics industry. Recent raw material shortages, however, have revealed the danger of sourcing for the digital industry. At a time of a significant increase in demand for data storage systems, it is urgent to consider the sustainability of the resources used for devices. By diluting inorganic elements in an organic matrix, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are of substantial interest for sustainable technologies. Moreover, they have shown great potential as active materials for electronic, optical, and magnetic memory devices, paving the way to accessible, sustainable, and recyclable microelectronic devices. Based on the number of fundamental studies of the bistability of MOFs, their scalability, recyclability, and low energy consumption, MOFs are highlighted as sustainable materials for a new generation of memristive devices. Finally, considering the “green” chemistry of specific MOF, their flexibility, as well as the market of microelectronics and mineral consumption, the future development of MOF‐based memory devices and socio‐economic profits from their utilization is predicted.
Significant Dark Current Suppression in Organic Photodetectors Using Side Chain Fluorination of Conjugated Polymer
Authors: Park Byoungwook , Jung Juhyoung , Lim Dae‐Hee , Lee Hanbee , Park Sungjun , Kyeong Minju , Ko Seo‐Jin , Eom Seung Hun , Lee Seung‐Hoon , Lee Changjin , Yoon Sung Cheol 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDark current density (Jdark) is the most important factors determining signal‐to‐noise ratio, linear dynamic range and detectivity (D*) of organic photodetectors (OPDs). However, the solution‐processed OPDs generally suffer from high Jdark under bias because the origin of Jdark still remains unclear and related to complicate factors. In this work, the effect of fluorinated alkyl side chain (FAC) of conjugated polymers (CPs) on the OPD performance is systematically investigated according to the number of fluorine atom. The OPDs, comprising the CPs with a FAC (CP‐FAC), exhibit at least two orders lower Jdark (≈3.73 × 10‐10 A cm‐2 at ‐2 V) compared to that without FAC while significantly maintaining high external quantum efficiency (≈78%). This is because the side chain fluorination leads to the formation of a more ordered molecular structure of the CPs, which reduces the trap density and energetic disorder, thus resulting in the effective suppression of Jdark and in the enhancement of charge carrier mobility. The CP‐FAC based OPD exhibits an exceptionally high D* (≈3.39 × 1013 cm Hz1/2 W‐1 at ‐2 V) and a reasonable response speed (f‐3db = ≈56.31 kHz). Furthermore, a photoplethysmography sensor comprising the CP‐FAC based OPD in a transmission mode is demonstrated.
Fabricating Tissues In Situ with the Controlled Cellular Alignments
Authors: He Chuanjiang , Liu Mengxue , Jiang Deming , Wu Jianguo , Qin Chunlian , Liang Tao , Wu Pan , Han Chunmao , Huang Liquan , Hsia K. Jimmy , Wang Ping 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTissue engineering techniques have enabled to replicate the geometrical architecture of native tissues but usually fail to reproduce their exact cellular arrangements during the fabricating process, while it is critical for manufacturing physiologically relevant tissues. To address this problem, a “sewing‐like” method of controlling cellular alignment during the fabricating process is reported here. By integrating the stretching step into the fabricating process, a static mechanical environment is created which, in turn, regulates the subsequent cellular alignment, elongation, and differentiation in the generated tissues. With this method, patterned cellular constructs can be fabricated with controlled cellular alignment. Moreover, this method shows a potent capability to fabricate physiologically relevant skeletal muscle constructs in vitro by mechanically inducing myoblast fusion and maturation. As a potential clinical application, aligned myofibers are directly fabricated onto injured muscles in vivo, which repair the damaged tissues effectively. This study shows that the “sewing‐like” method can produce engineered tissues with precise control of cellular arrangements and more clinically viable functionalities.
Extracellular Matrix‐Based Conductive Interpenetrating Network Hydrogels with Enhanced Neurovascular Regeneration Properties for Diabetic Wounds Repair
Authors: Fan Lei , Xiao Cairong , Guan Pengfei , Zou Yan , Wen Huiquan , Liu Can , Luo Yian , Tan Guoxin , Wang Qiyou , Li Yangfan , Yu Peng , Zhou Lei , Ning Chengyun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe critical effects that impair diabetic wound healing are characterized by poor vascularization and severe peripheral neuropathy. Current management strategies for diabetic wound healing are unsatisfactory, due to the paucity of neurovascular regeneration at the wound site. Importantly, conductivity in skin tissue is reported to be essential for modulating myriad biological processes especially vascular and nerve regeneration. Herein, an extracellular matrix (ECM)‐based conductive dressing is synthesized from an interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel composed of gelatin methacryloyl, oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OCS), and OCS‐polypyrrole conductive nanoparticles that can promote diabetic wound repairing by enhancing local neurovascular regeneration. The conductive hydrogels combine the advantageous features of water‐swollen hydrogels with conductive polymers (CPs) to provide tissue‐matching electrical conductivity and mechanical properties for neurovascular regeneration. In vitro and in vivo studies show that the conductive hydrogel can promote neurovascular regeneration by increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which subsequently promotes phosphorylation of proteins in the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. Furthermore, the conductive hydrogel stimulates full‐thickness diabetic wound repair on day 14 by promoting local neurovascular regeneration and collagen deposition. These findings corroborate that the ECM‐based conductive interpenetrating network hydrogel dressing significantly promotes wound repairing due to its neurovascular regeneration properties, suggesting that they are suitable candidates for diabetic wound repair.
Atmospheric Hygroscopic Ionogels with Dynamically Stable Cooling Interfaces Enable a Durable Thermoelectric Performance Enhancement
Authors: Ni Feng , Xiao Peng , Zhang Chang , Zhou Wei , Liu Depeng , Kuo Shiao‐Wei , Chen Tao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn thermoelectric generator (TEG) systems, heat dissipation from their cold sides is an accessible, low‐cost, and effective way to increase the temperature gap for their thermoelectric performance enhancement. Although significant efforts have been dedicated mediated by hygroscopic hydrogel coolers as self‐sustained alternatives for effective heat removal, it still remains a challenge for overcoming instabilities in their cooling process. The inevitable mechanical deformation of these conventional hydrogels induced by excessive water desorption may cause a detached cooling interface with the targeted substrates, leading to undesirable cooling failure. Herein, a self‐sustained and durable evaporative cooling approach for TEG enabled by atmospheric hygroscopic ionogels (RIGs) with stable interfaces to efficiently improve its thermoelectric performance is proposed. Owing to its superior hygroscopicity, the RIGs can achieve higher heat dissipation for TEG through water evaporation than that of common commercial metal heat sinks. Moreover, its favorable adhesion enables the RIG closely interact with the TEG surface either in static or dynamic conditions for a durable thermoelectric performance enhancement. It is believed that such a self‐sustained evaporative cooling strategy based on the RIG will have great implications for the enhancement of TEG's efficiency, demonstrating a great promise in intermittent thermal‐energy utilizations.
A Schottky‐Barrier‐Free Plasmonic Semiconductor Photocatalyst for Nitrogen Fixation in a “One‐Stone‐Two‐Birds” Manner
Authors: Bai Haoyuan , Lam Shiu Hei , Yang Jianhua , Cheng Xizhe , Li Shasha , Jiang Ruibin , Shao Lei , Wang Jianfang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPlasmonic photocatalysis has received much attention owing to attractive plasmonic enhancement effects in improving the solar‐to‐chemical conversion efficiency. However, the photocatalytic efficiencies have remained low mainly due to the short carrier lifetime caused by the rapid recombination of plasmon‐generated hot charge carriers. Although plasmonic metal–semiconductor heterostructures can improve the separation of hot charge carriers, a large portion of the hot charge carriers are lost when they cross the Schottky barrier. Herein, a Schottky‐barrier‐free plasmonic semiconductor photocatalyst, MoO3−x, which allows for efficient N2 photofixation in a “one‐stone‐two‐birds” manner, is demonstrated. The oxygen vacancies in MoO3−x serve as the “stone.” They “kill two birds” by functioning as the active sites for the chemisorption of N2 molecules and inducing localized surface plasmon resonance for the generation of hot charge carriers. Benefiting from this unique strategy, plasmonic MoO3−x exhibits a remarkable photoreactivity for NH3 production up to the wavelength of 1064 nm with apparent quantum efficiencies over 1%, and a solar‐to‐ammonia conversion efficiency of 0.057% without any hole scavenger. This work shows the great potential of plasmonic semiconductors to be directly used for photocatalysis. The concept of the Schottky‐barrier‐free design will pave a new path for the rational design of efficient photocatalysts.
Magnetic and Optical Field Multi‐Assisted Li–O2 Batteries with Ultrahigh Energy Efficiency and Cycle Stability
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Xue , Guan De‐Hui , Li Fei , Li Ma‐Lin , Zheng Li‐Jun , Xu Ji‐Jing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe photoassisted lithium–oxygen (Li–O2) system has emerged as an important direction for future development by effectively reducing the large overpotential in Li–O2 batteries. However, the advancement is greatly hindered by the rapidly recombined photoexcited electrons and holes upon the discharging and charging processes. Herein, a breakthrough is made in overcoming these challenges by developing a new magnetic and optical field multi‐assisted Li–O2 battery with 3D porous NiO nanosheets on the Ni foam (NiO/FNi) as a photoelectrode. Under illumination, the photogenerated electrons and holes of the NiO/FNi photoelectrode play a key role in reducing the overpotential during discharging and charging, respectively. By introducing the external magnetic field, the Lorentz force acts oppositely on the photogenerated electrons and holes, thereby suppressing the recombination of charge carriers. The magnetic and optical field multi‐assisted Li–O2 battery achieves an ultralow charge potential of 2.73 V, a high energy efficiency of 96.7%, and good cycling stability. This external magnetic and optical field multi‐assisted technology paves a new way of developing high‐performance Li–O2 batteries and other energy storage systems.
Fiber‐Based Biopolymer Processing as a Route toward Sustainability
Authors: Li Chunmei , Wu Junqi , Shi Haoyuan , Xia Zhiyu , Sahoo Jugal Kishore , Yeo Jingjie , Kaplan David L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSome of the most abundant biomass on earth is sequestered in fibrous biopolymers like cellulose, chitin, and silk. These types of natural materials offer unique and striking mechanical and functional features that have driven strong interest in their utility for a range of applications, while also matching environmental sustainability needs. However, these material systems are challenging to process in cost‐competitive ways to compete with synthetic plastics due to the limited options for thermal processing. This results in the dominance of solution‐based processing for fibrous biopolymers, which presents challenges for scaling, cost, and consistency in outcomes. However, new opportunities to utilize thermal processing with these types of biopolymers, as well as fibrillation approaches, can drive renewed opportunities to bridge this gap between synthetic plastic processing and fibrous biopolymers, while also holding sustainability goals as critical to long‐term successful outcomes.
A Transparent, Highly Stretchable, Solvent‐Resistant, Recyclable Multifunctional Ionogel with Underwater Self‐Healing and Adhesion for Reliable Strain Sensors
Authors: Xu Liguo , Huang Zhenkai , Deng Zhishuang , Du Zhukang , Sun Tao Lin , Guo Zi‐Hao , Yue Kan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIonogels have gained increasing attentions as a flexible conductive material. However, it remains a big challenge to integrate multiple functions into one gel that can be widely applied in various complex scenes. Herein, a kind of multifunctional ionogels with a combination of desirable properties, including transparency, high stretchability, solvent and temperature resistance, recyclability, high conductivity, underwater self‐healing ability, and underwater adhesiveness is reported. The ionogels are prepared via one‐step photoinitiated polymerization of 2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl acrylate and acrylamide in a hydrophobic ionic liquid. The abundant noncovalent interactions including hydrogen bonding and ion–dipole interactions endow the ionogels with excellent mechanical strength, resilience, and rapid self‐healing capability at room temperature, while the fluorine‐rich polymeric matrix brings in high tolerance against water and various organic solvents, as well as tough underwater adhesion on different substrates. Wearable strain sensors based on the ionogels can sensitively detect and differentiate large body motions, such as bending of limbs, walking and jumping, as well as subtle muscle movements, such as pronunciation and pulse. It is believed that the designed ionogels will show great promises in wearable devices and ionotronics.
Guiding Drug Through Interrupted Bloodstream for Potentiated Thrombolysis by C‐Shaped Magnetic Actuation System In Vivo
Authors: Wang Longchen , Wang Jienan , Hao Junnian , Dong Ziliang , Wu Jianrong , Shen Guofeng , Ying Tao , Feng Liangzhu , Cai Xiaojun , Liu Zhuang , Zheng Yuanyi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFast and effective thrombolysis using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is limited by the poor delivery efficiency of thrombolytic drugs, which is induced by an interrupted bloodstream and delayed recanalization. Existing magnetic micro/nanodrug‐loaded robots used for targeted thrombotic therapy are limited by the complexity of the clinical verification of nanodrugs and the limited space of magnetic actuation systems. Herein, a general drug delivery strategy based on mass transportation theory for thrombolysis is presented, and an open space C‐shaped magnetic actuation system with laser location and ultrasound imaging navigation for in vivo evaluation is developed. tPA can be guided through an interrupted bloodstream to the thrombi by the locomotion of magnetic nanoparticle swarms (MNSs), thereby improving the thrombolysis efficacy. Notably, this strategy is able to quickly establish a life channel to achieve time‐critical recanalization, which is typically inaccessible using native tPA. Both in vitro and in vivo thrombolysis experiments demonstrate that the thrombus lysis efficacy significantly increases after the application of the MNS under a rotating magnetic field. This study provides an anticipated C‐shaped magnetic actuation system for in vivo validation and also presents a clinically feasible drug delivery strategy for targeted thrombolytic therapy with minimal systemic tPA exposure.
Metal–Organic‐Framework‐Based Hydrogen‐Release Platform for MultieffectiveHelicobacter PyloriTargeting Therapy and Intestinal Flora Protective Capabilities
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhou Yanan , Fan Yating , Cao Rui , Xu Yingying , Weng Zhenzhen , Ye Jing , He Cong , Zhu Yin , Wang Xiaolei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHelicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is the leading cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Antibiotics, as traditional method for eliminatingH. pylori, have no targeting effect, which causes serious bacterial resistance and gut dysbacteriosis. Moreover, antibiotics can hardly address hyperactive inflammatory response or damaged gastric mucosal barrier caused byH. pyloriinfection. Here, a pH‐responsive metal–organic framework hydrogen‐generation nanoparticle (Pd(H) @ ZIF‐8) is reported, which is encapsulated with ascorbate palmitate (AP) hydrogel. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the outer AP hydrogel can target and adhere to the inflammatory site through electrostatic interactions, and is then hydrolyzed by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enriching in inflammatory sites. The released Pd(H) @ ZIF‐8 nanoparticles are further decomposed by gastric acid to generate zinc ions (Zn2+) and hydrogen, thus effectively killingH. pylori, alleviating inflammation and restoring impaired gastric mucosa simultaneously. Unexpectedly, this metal–organic framework hydrogen‐generation platform (Pd(H) @ ZIF‐8 @ AP) also has an effect toward avoiding the imbalance of intestinal flora, which thus provides a more precise, effective, and healthy strategy for the treatment ofH. pyloriinfection.
The Quest for Stable Potassium‐Ion Battery Chemistry
Authors: Wu Xianyong , Qiu Shen , Liu Yao , Xu Yunkai , Jian Zelang , Yang Jihui , Ji Xiulei , Liu Jun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) have attracted wide interest for energy storage because of the abundance of the electrode materials involved; however, their electrochemical performances are far behind what can be achieved from lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) or sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, key promising electrode and electrolyte materials for potassium‐ion batteries are identified, the coupled electrochemical reactions in the cell are investigated, and the compatibility between different materials is demonstrated to play the most important role. K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] cathode can deliver a high capacity of ≈125 mAh g−1 and exceptional cycling stability over 61 000 cycles (≈9 months) if the side reactions from the anode can be prevented. Graphite is a good anode material but is subjected to degradation in traditional carbonate electrolytes. New concentrated electrolytes are developed and evaluated. A stable KIB system is demonstrated by coupling a stable K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] cathode, a prepotassiated graphite anode with a concentrated electrolyte to achieve a high energy density of ≈260 Wh kg−1 (based on the active mass of cathode and anode) and good cycling of over 1000 cycles.