bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in total and regional body fat and their association with BMI in UK-born White and South Asian children: findings from the Born in Bradford birth cohort
Authors: Santorelli Gillian , West Jane , Yang Tiffany , Wright John , Bryant Maria , Lawlor D.A. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Body mass index (BMI) is commonly used as a proxy to determine excess adiposity, though this may underestimate fat mass (FM) in individuals of South Asian (SA) heritage. SA tend to have greater central adiposity than white people, which is associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to determine the differences in total and regional FM using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and to see if any differences in FM varied by BMI category in UK-born white and SA children aged ~9 years. Methods: Anthropometric measurements and DXA scans were undertaken from 225 white and 269 SA children from the Born in Bradford cohort study. Linear regression was used to assess ethnic differences in total body fat percent and total and regional FM. Results: Although the mean BMI was similar, compared to white children, the proportion of SA children who were overweight or obese was ~20% higher, they had a median of 2kg more total FM, and the proportion with > 35% total body fat (TBF) was 22% and 16% higher in boys and girls respectively. Mean TBF% was greater in each BMI category, as was truncal, android and gynoid FM, with the greatest differences between ethnic groups observed in the healthy and overweight categories. Conclusions: Greater TBF% and total and regional FM in the healthy- and overweight BMI categories observed in SA children suggests they may be at greater risk of future cardiometabolic disease at a BMI level below obesity threshold. However, our sample size was small, and results may be influenced by selection bias and confounding; our findings need to be replicated in a larger study.
Presença pirandelliana na obra de Antonio Tabucchi
Authors: Maffia Erica Salatini 
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo discute a presença pirandelliana na narrativa do escritor italiano contemporâneo Antonio Tabucchi, partindo do conceito de intertextualidade. Tabucchi é herdeiro da tradição literária italiana, e no que se refere a seus temas, é herdeiro do relativismo pirandelliano, ao mostrar em sua narrativa o reverso das coisas, ao afirmar que determinada coisa que era de um certo modo pode assumir também o seu revés, de acordo com o olhar de quem a observa. Pirandello não só influencia a temática tabucchiana, mas é também um modelo para a construção de seus personagens, assim como uma referência imprescindível para o leitor que quer desvendar os mistérios da escrita tabucchiana.
Perfil farmacoterapêutico de usuários de práticas integrativas e complementares
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda Rocha Anjos de , Pinto Graziele Ferreira , Nicácio Raquel Aparecida Rodrigues , Araujo Renata Aparecida Faria de , Santos Débora Aparecida da Silva , Matos Magda De , Goulart Letícia Silveira 
Published: March 2021

As Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICs) se inserem no modelo assistencial holístico estabelecendo o equilíbrio entre ciência, tecnologia e humanização, assim, promovem a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos usuários, podendo reduzir a farmaco-dependência. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o consumo de medicamentos em indivíduos que utilizam PICs. Trata-se de um estudo de base populacional realizado no município de Rondonópolis, MT. A amostragem foi realizada em múltiplos estágios, estratificada e por conglomerados. Foram incluídos na pesquisa 177 indivíduos que utilizavam alguma PIC. A média de medicamentos consumidos por entrevistado foi usada como indicador da intensidade e as diferenças entre as médias de consumo foram comparadas por meio do teste de Kruskal Wallis. A prevalência de consumo de medicamentos entre usuários de PICs foi de 79,66%. O consumo médio de medicamentos na população estudada foi de 2,13 (DP: 2,31), sendo significativamente superior em idosos, indivíduos que possuíam até 8 anos de estudo, que não trabalhavam, que buscaram o serviço de urgência no último ano e os que possuíam plano de saúde. Os medicamentos que atuam no sistema cardiovascular foram os mais consumidos. Os usuários de PICs apresentaram uma alta prevalência uso de medicamentos. É de grande importância que pesquisas e ações de educação em saúde visando a promoção de um consumo consciente de medicamentos sejam realizadas e implementadas entre os usuários de PICs.
High sensitivity temperature sensor based on a side-hole fiber
Authors: Yu Zhenyu , Lang Tingting , Hu Jie , Chen Mengdan , Ding Kaige , Shao Li-Yang 
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes a temperature sensor based on a side-hole fiber (SHF). The sensor is formed by single-mode fiber (SMF)-coreless fiber (CLF)-SHF-CLF-SMF fusion splicing. The SHF adopts the dislocation fusion splicing method to ensure that one air hole is exposed. Two different interferences form a superposition, making the response more sensitive. The experiment shows that the sensitivity during heating and cooling is 1.587 nm/°C and 1.681 nm/°C, respectively, in the temperature range of 25–45°C. The sensor has high temperature sensitivity, exhibits easy processing, is smaller in size, and has important research value for temperature monitoring in daily life and industrial production.
Toroidal dipole Fano resonances supported by lattice-perturbed dielectric nanohole arrays in the near-infrared region
Authors: Song Duofu , Wang Hong , Deng Meng , Wang Yi 
Published: March 2021

The toroidal dipole (TD) plays an important role in light–matter interactions. In this paper, a lattice-perturbed dielectric nanohole array structure has been put forward to excite dominant TD Fano resonances in the near-infrared region. Herein, the numerical investigations and experimental demonstrations have been performed to characterize the TD Fano resonances with a series of lattice perturbations. The scattering power of TD and quality (

Q

)-factor of the resonance can be tailored by tuning perturbation. By using the lattice perturbation of 53 nm, the highest experimental

Q

-factor of 584 is obtained.
Seeded optical parametric generation in CdSiP2 pumped by a Raman fiber amplifier at 1.24  µm
Authors: Murray R. T. , Chandran A. M. , Battle R. A. , Runcorn T. H. , Schunemann P. G. , Zawilski K. T. , Guha S. , Taylor J. R. 
Published: March 2021

We report a seeded optical parametric generator (OPG) producing tunable radiation from 4.2–4.6 µm. The seeded OPG employs a 13 mm long

C
d
S
i

P

2

(CSP) crystal cut for non-critical phase-matching, pumped by a nanosecond-pulsed, MHz repetition rate Raman fiber amplifier system at 1.24 µm. A filtered, continuous-wave fiber supercontinuum source at 1.72 µm is used as the seed. The source generates up to 0.25 W of mid-infrared (MIR) idler power with a total pump conversion of 42% (combined signal and idler).
High-power narrow spectrum GaSb-based DBR lasers emitting near 2.1  µm
Authors: Jiang Jiang , Shterengas Leon , Kipshidze Gela , Stein Aaron , Belyanin Alexey , Belenky Gregory 
Published: March 2021

Stable high-power narrow-linewidth operation of the 2.05–2.1 µm GaSb-based diode lasers was achieved by utilizing the sixth-order surface-etched distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) mirrors. The DBR multimode devices with 100 µm wide ridge waveguides generated

∼

850

m
W

in the continuous wave (CW) regime at 20°C. The device CW output power was limited by thermal rollover. The laser emission spectrum was defined by Bragg reflector reflectivity at all operating currents in a wide temperature range. The devices operated at DBR line with detuning from gain peak exceeding 10 meV.
Ultra-high sensitivity strain sensor based on biconical fiber with a bulge air-bubble
Authors: Xu Ben , Chen Min , Yang Kai , Guo Yun , Wang D. N. , Zhao Chun-Liu 
Published: March 2021

An ultra-high sensitivity Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) strain sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It is composed of a biconical fiber with a bulge air-bubble at its waist. Because of the good stress concentration capability of the tapered fiber, the bulge air-bubble is easily deformed when it is stressed, resulting in an ultra-high strain sensitivity of 101.7 pm/µɛ, which is the highest strain sensitivity among the direct wavelength interrogation-based strain sensors reported so far, to the best of our knowledge. Moreover, the proposed sensor has a low temperature sensitivity of

∼

1

p
m

/

∘

C

; thus an extreme low temperature cross sensitivity of less than 10 nɛ/°C can be achieved.
Health and social impacts of California wildfires and the deficiencies in current recovery resources: An exploratory qualitative study of systems-level issues
Authors: Rosenthal Annie , Stover Eric , Haar Rohini J. 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundWildfires in California have become more deadly and destructive in recent years, and four of the ten most destructive fires occurred in 2017 and 2018. Through interviews with service providers, this article explores how these recent wildfires have impacted surrounding communities and the role various recovery resources have played in responding to the short- and long-term health and social needs of survivors.MethodsUsing a purposive sampling methodology, we interviewed 21 health and social service personnel who assisted in wildfire recovery efforts in California in 2017 and 2018. The study participants worked or volunteered in medical facilities, social services agencies and philanthropy/nonprofit organizations located in communities affected by wildfires. Participants were asked about three common, overarching themes that fire-impacted communities navigate post-disaster: health issues, social issues, and response and recovery resources. Inductive coding was used to identify common subthemes.ResultsThe two most frequently discussed social issues during interviews were housing and employment access. Mental and emotional well-being and access to health resources were identified as being the most challenging health concerns that survivors face post-disaster. Participants also identified the following private and public recovery resources that survivors use to attempt to restabilize following the fire: community support, county agencies, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA,) insurance companies and philanthropic organizations. However, participants noted that the cumulative impacts of these efforts still leave many of their patients and clients without the resources needed to restabilize emotionally, financially and physically. Finally, participants spoke about the community-wide, downstream impacts of wildfires, noting that “survivors” are not only those whose health is immediately compromised by the disaster.ConclusionGiven the worsening wildfire seasons in California, we must increase our understanding of both the scope of the health and social issues that survivors navigate following a disaster, as well as the effectiveness and sustainability of recovery resources available to survivors. We must also understand the “ripple effect” that wildfires have on surrounding communalities, impacting housing access, social services, and health care access. More research and support, especially during the current COVID-19 pandemic, is urgently needed to improve our ability to support the health and social needs of wildfire survivors in the future.
The experiences, challenges, and acceptance of e-learning as a tool for teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic among university medical staff
Authors: Zalat Marwa Mohamed , Hamed Mona Sami , Bolbol Sarah Abdelhalim 
Published: March 2021

Background
e-learning was underutilized in the past especially in developing countries. However, the current crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic forced the entire world to rely on it for education.

Objectives
To estimate the university medical staff perceptions, evaluate their experiences, recognize their barriers, challenges of e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, and investigate factors influencing the acceptance and use of e-learning as a tool teaching within higher education.

Methods
Data was collected using an electronic questionnaire with a validated Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for exploring factors that affect the acceptance and use of e-learning as a teaching tool among medical staff members, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Results
The majority (88%) of the staff members agreed that the technological skills of giving the online courses increase the educational value of the experience of the college staff. The rate of participant agreement on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and acceptance of e-learning was (77.1%, 76.5%, and 80.9% respectively). The highest barriers to e-learning were insufficient/ unstable internet connectivity (40%), inadequate computer labs (36%), lack of computers/ laptops (32%), and technical problems (32%). Younger age, teaching experience less than 10 years, and being a male are the most important indicators affecting e-learning acceptance.

Conclusion
This study highlights the challenges and factors influencing the acceptance, and use of e-learning as a tool for teaching within higher education. Thus, it will help to develop a strategic plan for the successful implementation of e-learning and view technology as a positive step towards evolution and change.
Predicting school students’ physical activity intentions in leisure-time and school recess contexts: Testing an integrated model based on self-determination theory and theory of planned behavior
Authors: Pasi Heidi , Lintunen Taru , Leskinen Esko , Hagger Martin S. 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundIdentifying psychological correlates of children’s physical activity intentions may signpost potentially modifiable targets for interventions aimed at promoting physical activity participation. School recess and leisure-time outside of school are appropriate contexts in which such interventions may be delivered. However, few studies have identified correlates of physical activity intentions in these environments. Examining correlates in these contexts may provide formative evidence on which to base interventions to promote physical activity.PurposeThe current study adopted an integrated theoretical model to test relations between motivational constructs from self-determination theory, social cognition constructs from the theory of planned behavior, and physical activity intentions in leisure-time and school recess contexts.MethodsFinnish school children (N= 845,Mage = 13.93,SD= 0.99) from three lower-secondary schools completed self-report measures of perceived autonomy support by peers, autonomous and controlled motivation, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and physical activity intentions for both contexts.ResultsWell-fitting structural equation models controlling for past behavior indicated that autonomous motivation in the school recess context and attitude in both contexts were the most pervasive predictors of physical activity intentions, and mediated the relationship between perceived autonomy support and intentions. Multi-group analyses supported invariance of the models in both contexts across gender, grades, and school, with few variations.ConclusionsThe current study supports relations between motivational and social cognition correlates of children’s physical activity intentions in school recess and leisure-time contexts. Future research should extend these findings to the prediction of follow-up participation in physical activity.
Antimicrobial activities evaluation and phytochemical screening of some selected medicinal plants: A possible alternative in the treatment of multidrug-resistant microbes
Authors: Kebede Taye , Gadisa Eshetu , Tufa Abreham 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundFour out of five individuals rely on traditional medicine for their primary healthcare needs. Medicinal plants are endowed with diverse bioactive compounds to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) microbes. So far, a less thorough examination has been made in this regard. This study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of selected medicinal plants against MDR microbes.MethodsIn vitro experimental study was carried out to evaluate antimicrobial effects and phytochemical screening ofRumex abyssinicus,Cucumis pustulatus,Discopodium penninervium,Lippia adoensis,Euphorbia depauperata,Cirsium englerianum, andPolysphaeria aethiopicaagainst MDR bacteria and fungi. Aqueous and 80% methanolic extraction methods were employed for extraction. The susceptibility test, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal or fungicidal concentration were measured using disc diffusion or broth micro-dilution as per the CLSI protocols.ResultThe 80% methanolic extraction method was a preferred method to aqueous. The phytochemical constituents identified were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolic, tannins, terpenoidss, and cardiac glycosides. The hydroalcoholic extract demonstrated an appreciable antimicrobial role against MDR microbes with an MIC value of 1.0–128.0μg/ml and 11-29mm inhibition zone (IZ) in diameter. Extracts obtained fromC.englerianumandE.depauperatashowed a significant IZ ranged of 26-29mm on MRSA andStreptococcus pyogenes. MDRE.coliandK.pneumoniaeshowed 12-25mm and 23-28mm IZ in diameter, respectively.T.mentagraphyteswas susceptible to all tested extracts. Moreover,S.pyogenesandK.pneumoniaewere found the most susceptible bacteria toC.englerianum.Cirsium englerianum,L.adoensis,D.penninervium,and R.abyssinicusdemonstrated remarkable antifungal effect againstC.albicansandT.mentagrophytes, whileR.abyssinicusshowed the leading antifungal effect with 32 to 64μg/ml MIC values.ConclusionThe plant extracts have shown appreciable antimicrobial activities comparable to the currently prescribed modern drugs tested. Accordingly, further studies on clinical efficacy trial, safety, toxicity and affordability analyses have to be instigated promptly, so as to head to the final step to synthesize precursor molecules for new effective antimicrobials.
The unknowing ... X: Queering representations of masculinity in an undetectable world
Authors: Smith Richard Sawdon 
Published: March 2021

Over the years, I have amassed a huge dressing up box, accumulated from different parts of my life – AIDS patient to university professor, gender bender to porn star, go-go dancer to boxer, drag queen to leather queen, son to daddy! HIV+ since 1994, on medication and Undetectable, I approach my sixth decade reflecting on past lives and the unknown future.
This series is about dipping into the dressing up box to create new and potential different roles by performing for the camera and playing with gender, identity, sexuality, masculinity and everything in between. It is about Unthinking in a space of creative Unknowing. An exciting place where anything can happen and nothing is predetermined, where there is everything to look forward to.
The X of Unknowing ... can be a kiss from me to you, a reference to non-binary, non-gendered specific pronouns, or it can refer to an undetermined space, literally and metaphorically.
Persistently High Rate of Venous Thromboembolic Disease in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Bernstein Charles N. , Nugent Zoann , Singh Harminder 
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is known to be increased in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to determine whether rates of VTE in IBD have reduced over the past 30 years.

METHODS:
We used the population-based University of Manitoba IBD Epidemiology Database (1984–2018) to determine the incidence of VTE in IBD and the incidence rate ratio vs matched controls. In persons with IBD with and without VTE, we assessed for variables that were associated with an increased risk of VTE on multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS:
The incidence of VTE in the IBD cohort was 7.6% which was significantly greater than in controls (3.3%, P < 0.0001). The overall age-standardized incidence rate of VTE was 433 per 100,000 in IBD and 184 per 100,000 in controls. The incidence of VTE was higher in Crohn's disease (8.4%) than in ulcerative colitis (6.9%, P = 0.0028). The incidence rate ratio in IBD vs controls was 2.36 (95% confidence interval 2.16–2.58). The increased risk was similar in males and females and in Crohn's disease compared with ulcerative colitis. The incidence rate among persons with IBD from 1985 to 2018 decreased very slowly, with annual percent change of −0.7% (P = 0.0003). Hospital admission, high comorbidity, use of antibodies to tumor necrosis factor for less than 3 years up until the time of the VTE, and the combination of steroid and antibodies to tumor necrosis factor increased the risk of VTE.

DISCUSSION:
Despite advancements in IBD management in the past 30 years, the rates of VTE have only been slowly decreasing and remain significantly increased compared with controls.
Diabetes and COVID-19
Authors: Gazzaz Zohair Jamil 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Several factors are linked with a higher risk of mortality from Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), including male gender, increased age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer. Hyperglycemic COVID-19 patients have severe clinical problems, increased ICU admittance, machine-driven ventilation, and a substantial rise in inflammatory markers. Among all patients, those with diabetes or hyperglycemia have a two- to four-fold increase in mortality and severity of COVID-19 than those without diabetes. The primary cause of mortality in COVID-19 patients with diabetes is compromised immune response to viral infections. Increased blood sugar level probably affects intracellular degradation of bacteria, neutrophil chemotaxis, and phagocytosis, thus improving viral binding affinity and entry and decreasing virus clearance. In addition, it has significant effects on the proteins by inducing glycosylation and altering the composition of complements, and glycosylation renders cells susceptible to viral inflammation and damage. The treatment of COVID-19 in patients with diabetes requires an integrated team approach to minimize the risk of medical complications and mortality. Moreover, physicians should adopt proactive strategies to care for persons with comorbidities. This strategy would help reduce the frequency of complications and mortality among patients and load on the healthcare system.
Modelling the interdependent relationships among epidemic antecedents using fuzzy multiple attribute decision making (F-MADM) approaches
Authors: Abellana Dharyll Prince 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWith the high incidence of the dengue epidemic in developing countries, it is crucial to understand its dynamics from a holistic perspective. This paper analyzes different types of antecedents from a cybernetics perspective using a structural modelling approach. The novelty of this paper is twofold. First, it analyzes antecedents that may be social, institutional, environmental, or economic in nature. Since this type of study has not been done in the context of the dengue epidemic modelling, this paper offers a fresh perspective on this topic. Second, the paper pioneers the use of fuzzy multiple attribute decision making (F-MADM) approaches for the modelling of epidemic antecedents. As such, the paper has provided an avenue for the cross-fertilization of knowledge between scholars working in soft computing and epidemiological modelling domains.