bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on the quality of life and treatment disruption of patients with breast cancer in a multiethnic cohort
Authors: Zhao Fangyuan , Henderson Tara O. , Cipriano Toni M. , Copley Brenda L. , Liu Michelle , Burra Rahul , Birch Sondra H. , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , Huo Dezheng 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAs the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic continues to spread, it remains unclear how vulnerable populations with preexisting health conditions like cancer have been affected.MethodsBetween July and September of 2020, the authors conducted a cross‐sectional study that surveyed 2661 patients with breast cancer who were registered in the Chicago Multiethnic Epidemiologic Breast Cancer Cohort and received 1300 responses (71.5% White patients and 22.4% Black patients). The survey measured the psychosocial well‐being of participants before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic and examined whether they experienced any type of financial challenges or treatment disruption.ResultsThe results indicated that feelings of isolation increased significantly during the pandemic. Meanwhile, the overall median isolation/stress score was 1.2 on a scale from 0 (never) to 4 (always), which was not significantly different between White patients and Black patients. One‐third of patients experienced some type of financial challenge during this time. Medicaid recipients, of whom almost 80% were Black, were more likely to experience financial challenges. In addition, approximately one‐fourth of patients experienced difficulty getting treatment.ConclusionsThis study indicates that the quality of life of patients with breast cancer and their scheduled treatments have been adversely affected during the COVID‐19 pandemic. These findings suggest that more support should be provided by hospital centers and the medical research community to patients with cancer during this challenging pandemic.Lay Summary

The authors surveyed patients with breast cancer in Chicago using a questionnaire to examine how their lives have been affected during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.

The results indicate that the lives of patients with breast cancer and their scheduled treatments have been adversely affected during the pandemic.

In addition, patients who were covered by Medicaid, most of whom were Black, were more likely to experience financial challenges.

The findings suggest that hospital centers and the medical research community should reach out and provide more information to support patients with cancer during this challenging pandemic.
Exploring the Blocks World state space
Authors: Bădică Amelia , Bădică Costin , Buligiu Ion , Ciora Liviu Ion 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article we study and evaluate combinatorial algorithms for exploring state spaces of prototypical artificial intelligence problems that are represented by very large state space graphs. We are interested in the modeling and analysis of such graphs, including their visualization and quantification. We consider Blocks World as a prototype artificial intelligence problem that is often employed to introduce problem solving strategies using searching, planning, and reasoning algorithms. Our results are mathematical models and combinatorial algorithms supporting the concise definition of the Blocks World state space graph, as well as the exact evaluation of several metrics defined on this graph, including its number of states, its average number of stacks per state, its number of transitions, and its average branching factor. We also present experimental results supporting the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed algorithms.
Text classification using improved bidirectional transformer
Authors: Tezgider Murat , Yildiz Beytullah , Aydin Galip 
Published: July 2021

AbstractText data have an important place in our daily life. A huge amount of text data is generated everyday. As a result, automation becomes necessary to handle these large text data. Recently, we are witnessing important developments with the adaptation of new approaches in text processing. Attention mechanisms and transformers are emerging as methods with significant potential for text processing. In this study, we introduced a bidirectional transformer (BiTransformer) constructed using two transformer encoder blocks that utilize bidirectional position encoding to take into account the forward and backward position information of text data. We also created models to evaluate the contribution of attention mechanisms to the classification process. Four models, including long short term memory, attention, transformer, and BiTransformer, were used to conduct experiments on a large Turkish text dataset consisting of 30 categories. The effect of using pretrained embedding on models was also investigated. Experimental results show that the classification models using transformer and attention give promising results compared with classical deep learning models. We observed that the BiTransformer we proposed showed superior performance in text classification.
SP‐search‐based path planning algorithm for mobile robots using quintic trigonometric Bézier curves
Authors: Bulut Vahide 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPath planning is an essential step for mobile robots. This paper presents a novel shape parameter search‐ (SP‐Search) based path planning algorithm for mobile robots using quintic trigonometric Bézier curve and its two shape parameters. The proposed search algorithm recursively divides the shape parameter space into a grid and uses a multi‐objective function to determine the shape parameter values. The multi‐objective function is expressed by the sum of four terms multiplied by coefficients: the integral of the squared jerk, the integral of the squared curvature, the mean of minimum distances between the predefined skeleton and quintic trigonometric Bézier path, and the arclength. Optimal shape parameters can be determined according to the required cases by the user using four coefficient values. Experimental results illustrate the feasibility of the proposed SP‐Search algorithm. Also, we have developed another intuitive algorithm, the Brute Force Grid Search algorithm, which is the brute force approach for shape parameter search to compare the performance of the proposed SP‐search algorithm for path planning problems as a baseline. The experimental results show that the SP‐Search algorithm finds better shape parameter values with a considerably small number of searched points.
A scheduling policy to save 10% of communication time in parallel fast Fourier transform
Authors: Aseeri Samar A. , Gopal Chatterjee Anando , Verma Mahendra K. , Keyes David E. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThe fast Fourier transform (FFT) has applications in almost every frequency related study, for example, in image and signal processing, and radio astronomy. It is also used as a Poisson operator inversion kernel in partial differential equations in fluid flows, in density functional theory, many‐body theory, and others. The three‐dimensional FFT has large time complexity . Hence, parallelization is used to compute such FFTs. Popular libraries perform slab division or pencil decomposition of data. None of the existing libraries achieve perfect inverse scaling of time with cores because FFT requires all‐to‐all communication and clusters hitherto do not have physical all‐to‐all connections. Dragonfly, one of the popular topologies for the interconnect, supports hierarchical connections among the components. We show that if we align the all‐to‐all communication of FFT with the physical connections of Dragonfly topology we will achieve a better scaling and reduce communication time.
Blockchain and Production Agriculture
Authors: Sever Megan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractConsumers want to know more about where their food comes from, so fruit and vegetable growers and even some meat growers are implementing blockchains. But whether a blockchain system is necessary or even helpful for production agriculture is as yet undetermined. Earn 1.5 CEUs in Crop Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at www.certifiedcropadviser.org/education/classroom/classes/952.
Record‐Setting Soybeans: What CCAs Should Know
Authors: Winsor Susan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhat can we learn from soybean yield contest winners? Larry Purcell, University of Arkansas, has some answers based on three years of documenting how Kip Cullers, Stark City, MO, grew 160.6‐bu/ac soybeans in 2010 and 139 bu/ac previously. This article addresses the controversy of adding nitrogen (N) fertilizers to soybeans, as some yield contest winners are assumed to have done, and identifies some of Cullers’ important practices to increase yields and profits for more mainstream soybean growers. In addition, we examine the profitability of yield‐increasing practices as verified by 60 site‐years of data. Earn 1 CEU in Crop Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at www.certifiedcropadviser.org/education/classroom/classes/1000.
Diallel analysis of resistance toFusariumwilt Race 4 in American pima cotton
Authors: Abdelraheem Abdelraheem , Zhu Yi , Dever Jane , Wheeler Terry , Wedegaertner Tom , Hake Kater , Zhang Jinfa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFusarium oxysporumf. sp.vasinfectumRace 4 (FOV4) causes high seedling mortality in pima cotton (Gossypium barbadenseL.) grown in the western and southwestern U.S. Cotton Belt. The objectives of this study were to analyze the combining abilities and genetic basis of FOV4 resistance in pima cotton using a half‐diallel mating design. Thirty‐six biparental F3and F4generations were derived from six commercial cultivars and three elite lines and artificially inoculated with FOV4 for screening for FOV4 resistance in four replicated tests, with two tests for each generation. Disease severity rating (DSR) at 28 d after inoculation (DAI) and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) across 7, 14, 21, and 28 DAI were analyzed via Griffing's Method 2 and Hayman's diallel analysis. ‘Pima S‐6’, ‘PHY 76’, and ‘8810’ (resistant parents) were heterogeneous in their responses to FOV4 infections with 20 to 50% disease incidence and mortality rate; and they had significantly lower DSR and AUDPC with negative general combing ability effects compared with the susceptible parents. Variances caused by specific combining ability and nonadditive effects were higher than those caused by additive effects for FOV4 resistance, consistent with the estimates for broad‐sense heritability. The results indicated a predominant nonadditive effect for FOV4 resistance within these genotypes of pima cotton. A minimum of one or two genes was estimated for FOV4 resistance based on Hayman analysis. The results represented the first study applying a diallel analysis to investigate the quantitative genetic basis of FOV4 resistance in pima cotton.
Coating Polymeric Carbon Nitride on Conductive Carbon Cloth to Promote Charge Separation for Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Zheng Dandan , Yang Lele , Chen Wenwen , Fang Yuanxing , Wang Xinchen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe use of polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) for photoredox catalysis is innovating and promoting toward sustainable energy economy. One of the drawbacks of this metal‐free photocatalyst is its insufficient charge separation and transfer. Herein, a metal‐free system was achieved by anchoring PCN on conductive carbon cloth (CCC). CCC in this system facilitated the charge separation and transport of the photoexcitation charges when PCN films were illuminated. Both photoelectrochemical water oxidation and photocatalytic overall water splitting were achieved, and the performances were improved two‐fold with respect to the powder PCN.
Migration‐related trauma and mental health among migrant children emigrating from Mexico and Central America to the United States: Effects on developmental neurobiology and implications for policy
Authors: Cohodes Emily M. , Kribakaran Sahana , Odriozola Paola , Bakirci Sarah , McCauley Sarah , Hodges H. R. , Sisk Lucinda M. , Zacharek Sadie J. , Gee Dylan G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChildren make up over half of the world's migrants and refugees and face a multitude of traumatic experiences prior to, during, and following migration. Here, we focus on migrant children emigrating from Mexico and Central America to the United States and review trauma related to migration, as well as its implications for the mental health of migrant and refugee children. We then draw upon the early adversity literature to highlight potential behavioral and neurobiological sequalae of migration‐related trauma exposure, focusing on attachment, emotion regulation, and fear learning and extinction as transdiagnostic mechanisms underlying the development of internalizing and externalizing symptomatology following early‐life adversity. This review underscores the need for interdisciplinary efforts to both mitigate the effects of trauma faced by migrant and refugee youth emigrating from Mexico and Central America and, of primary importance, to prevent child exposure to trauma in the context of migration. Thus, we conclude by outlining policy recommendations aimed at improving the mental health of migrant and refugee youth.
An inventory of the foliar, soil, and dung arthropod communities in pastures of the southeastern United States
Authors: Schmid Ryan B. , Welch Kelton D. , Lundgren Jonathan G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGrassland systems constitute a significant portion of the land area in the United States and as a result harbors significant arthropod biodiversity. During this time of biodiversity loss around the world, bioinventories of ecologically important habitats serve as important indicators for the effectiveness of conservation efforts. We conducted a bioinventory of the foliar, soil, and dung arthropod communities in 10 cattle pastures located in the southeastern United States during the 2018 grazing season. In sum, 126,251 arthropod specimens were collected. From the foliar community, 13 arthropod orders were observed, with the greatest species richness found in Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Hemiptera. The soil‐dwelling arthropod community contained 18 orders. The three orders comprising the highest species richness were Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera. Lastly, 12 arthropod orders were collected from cattle dung, with the greatest species richness found in Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera. Herbivores were the most abundant functional guild found in the foliar community, and predators were most abundant in the soil and dung communities. Arthropod pests constituted a small portion of the pasture arthropod communities, with 1.01%, 0.34%, and 0.46% pests found in the foliar, soil, and dung communities, respectively. While bioinventories demand considerable time, energy, and resources to accomplish, the information from these inventories has many uses for conservation efforts, land management recommendations, and the direction of climate change science.
Effects of introducing foreign ion K on the reduction kinetics of oxygen carriers in chemical looping air separation process
Authors: Hou Limin , Qiao Chaoyue , Yu Qingbo , Wu Wenfei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the previous work, YBaCo4O7 + δ and Y0.2Ti0.05Dy0.75BaCo4O7 + δ monolithic oxygen carriers worked at low temperature, were reported with good reactivity in oxygen absorption and desorption. Oxygen carriers reacted at low temperature can save amount of energy for the chemical looping air separation process. The objective of this work is to explore the detailed effect of new foreign ion K+ on reaction process of oxygen releasing and the reduction kinetics for YBaCo4O7 + δ and Y0.2Ti0.05Dy0.75BaCo4O7 + δ monolithic oxygen carriers in fixed‐bed reactor. The results showed that introducing K+ can improve the reaction rate of oxygen releasing. The process of oxygen releasing can be described by A model with different model exponentials of 2, 3, and 4. Adding K+ promotes reaction of oxygen releasing. The apparent activation energies and pre‐exponential factor of oxygen releasing process range from 23.11 to 29.72 kJ/mol and 12.46 to 29.73 min−1, respectively. The kinetic model of oxygen releasing process of monolithic oxygen carriers is established based on obtained kinetics parameters. The got kinetics parameters could be used for designing of a chemical looping air separation reactor.
Biodrying for fuel recovery from sewage sludge: An integrated evaluation by ultimate and proximate analyses
Authors: Özbay İsmail , Özbay Bilge , Akdemir Uğur 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the utilization of the biodrying process, which is an eco‐friendly approach for sewage sludge management to produce a fuel‐like product. Biodrying tests were conducted for six trials containing different amounts of bulking agents (straw and sawdust). Higher volatile matter removal was achieved for trials with sawdust as a result of better porosity conditions. Consequently, biodrying indexes were higher for straw containing trials (7.73–30.85) with straw than those trails with sawdust (6.94–13.99). Trials with straw resulted in biodried materials with lower moisture content and higher calorific value due to lower water holding capacity of straw. However, sawdust provided better fuel quality due to the higher bulk density of the product. Thus, fuel value indexes determined for trials with sawdust (81.62–152.17) were remarkably higher than those of trials with straw (16.02–68.97). Furthermore, biomass characterization indexes (>25.000) indicated that products with sawdust can be used as promising alternatives to biomass such as wood chips and wood chunks in combustion facilities.
Hydro‐morphological mapping of river reaches using videos captured with UAS
Authors: Eltner Anette , Bertalan László , Grundmann Jens , Perks Matthew Thomas , Lotsari Eliisa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnoccupied aerial systems (UASs) are frequently used in the field of fluvial geomorphology due to their capabilities for observing the continuum rather than single sample points. We introduce a (semi‐)automatic workflow to measure river bathymetry and surface flow velocities of entire river reaches at high resolution, based on UAS videos and imagery. Video frame filtering improved the visibility of the riverbed using frame co‐registration and averaging with a median filter. Subsequently, these video frames were incorporated with still images acquired by UASs into a structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry approach to reconstruct the camera poses (i.e. positions and orientations) and the 3D point cloud of the river reach. The heights of submerged points were further processed using small‐angle and multi‐view refraction correction approaches to account for the refraction impact. The flow velocity pattern of the river surface was measured using the estimated camera pose from SfM, the reconstructed bathymetric point cloud and the co‐registered video frames in combination with image velocimetry analysis. Finally, discharge was estimated at selected cross‐sections, considering the average surface velocity and the bathymetry. Three case studies were considered to assess the performance of the workflow under different environmental conditions. The studied river reaches spanned a length between 0.15 and 1 km. The bathymetry was reconstructed with average deviations to RTK‐GNSS point measurements as low as 1 cm with a standard deviation of 6 cm. If frames were processed with the median filter, the number of underwater points increased by up to 21%. The image‐based surface velocities revealed an average deviation to reference measurements between 0.05 and 0.08 m s−1. The image‐based discharge was estimated with deviations to ADCP references of up to 5%, however this was sensitive to errors in water‐level retrieval. The output of our workflow can provide a valuable input to hydro‐morphological models.
Limitations on Development of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Tissue Concentration Thresholds for Survival, Growth, and Reproduction in Fish
Authors: Gard Nicholas W. , Edwards Melanie R. , Kulacki Konrad J. , Ginn Thomas C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyl exposure–response relationships for ecologically relevant endpoints in fish vary greatly whether based on lowest-effect thresholds (Berninger and Tillitt 2019) or all-response data (sensitivity analyses), which precludes use of a single fitted model per endpoint to predict risk or injury to mixed fish populations. PCB = polychlorinated biphenyl.
Nutritive value of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) as a feedstuff resource in livestock nutrition: A review
Authors: Meng Zhu , Liu Qingqing , Zhang Yan , Chen Jiahong , Sun Zhipeng , Ren Chunhuan , Zhang Zijun , Cheng Xiao , Huang Yafeng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe review evaluates faba bean (Vicia faba L.; FB) seeds relative to their nutritional composition, their content of antinutritional factors, and their impact on animal performance. The literature indicates that FB plant is a cool‐season, annual grain legume that grows the best in cool and humid conditions. Its seeds are rich in protein, energy, and mineral compounds and have particularly high unsaturated fatty acid levels. However, FB seeds also contain various proportions of antinutritional factors (ANFs) that can interfere with nutrient utilization in nonruminants. The various processing methods are efficient in either reducing or inactivating the ANFs of FB seeds, with extrusion treatment offering the most effective method of improving apparent nutrient and energy digestibility of nonruminants. In vivo studies on ruminants, pigs, poultry, and fishes reveal that FB seeds have the potential to be used as a substitute for soybean meal and/or cereal seeds in livestock diets in order to support milk, meat, and/or egg production.
The onset of natural convection in a horizontal nanofluid layer heated from below
Authors: Ruo An‐Cheng , Yan Wei‐Mon , Chang Min‐Hsing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA linear stability analysis is performed for the onset of natural convection in a horizontal nanofluid layer heated from below. The motion of nanoparticles is characterized by both the thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion effects. Different from previous studies in the literature, both the dependences of thermophoresis on nanoparticle volume fraction and Brownian motion on temperature are taken into consideration in the theoretical model. The result reveals that the base flow is mainly dominated by the effect of thermophoresis and the Brownian diffusion coefficient can be treated as a constant reasonably when a finite temperature difference is imposed across the nanofluid layer. Accordingly, a novel base solution of nanoparticle volume fraction is derived. It is found that the profile of nanoparticle concentration depends heavily on the magnitude of thermophoretic diffusion, which may exhibit a nonlinear distribution across the nanofluid layer once the effect of thermophoresis is significant. The suspended nanoparticles produce a strong destabilizing effect and a tiny volume fraction of nanoparticles is sufficient to trigger the onset of convection and make the nanofluid layer become unconditionally unstable. The dispersion spectra of unstable modes are demonstrated and the most unstable mode with the maximum growth rate is explored. The growth rate of the most unstable mode is found to increase significantly with increasing nanoparticle concentration, while the influence of heat capacity ratio of nanoparticle to base fluid on the behavior of thermal convection is negligible.