bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors 1 and 2 Are Early Prognosis Markers After ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Paccalet Alexandre , Crola Da Silva Claire , Mechtouff Laura , Amaz Camille , Varillon Yvonne , de Bourguignon Charles , Cartier Regine , Prieur Cyril , Tomasevic Danka , Genot Nathalie , Leboube Simon , Derimay François , Rioufol Gilles , Bonnefoy-Cudraz Eric , Mewton Nathan , Ovize Michel , Bidaux Gabriel , Bochaton Thomas 
Published: September 2021

Background: As inflammation following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is both beneficial and deleterious, there is a need to find new biomarkers of STEMI severity.Objective: We hypothesized that the circulating concentration of the soluble tumor necrosis factor α receptors 1 and 2 (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) might predict clinical outcomes in STEMI patients.Methods: We enrolled into a prospective cohort 251 consecutive STEMI patients referred to our hospital for percutaneous coronary intervention revascularization. Blood samples were collected at five time points: admission and 4, 24, 48 h, and 1 month after admission to assess sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 serum concentrations. Patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at 1 month.Results: sTNFR1 concentration increased at 24 h with a median of 580.5 pg/ml [95% confidence interval (CI): 534.4–645.6]. sTNFR2 increased at 48 h with a median of 2,244.0 pg/ml [95% CI: 2090.0–2,399.0]. Both sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 peak levels were correlated with infarct size and left ventricular end-diastolic volume and inversely correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction. Patients with sTNFR1 or sTNFR2 concentration above the median value were more likely to experience an adverse clinical event within 24 months after STEMI [hazards ratio (HR): 8.8, 95% CI: 4.2–18.6, p &lt; 0.0001 for sTNFR1; HR: 6.1, 95% CI: 2.5 –10.5, p = 0.0003 for sTNFR2]. Soluble TNFR1 was an independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events and was more powerful than troponin I (p = 0.04 as compared to the troponin AUC).Conclusion: The circulating sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 are inflammatory markers of morphological and functional injury after STEMI. sTNFR1 appears as an early independent predictor of clinical outcomes in STEMI patients.
Platinum Accumulation and Cancer-Related Fatigue, Correlation With IL-8, TNF-α and Hemocytes
Authors: Zhang Yuling , Huang Xiaoting , Feng Shanna , Chen Chen , Guo Dainian , Fang Ling 
Published: September 2021

Platinum-based chemotherapy drugs cause platinum accumulation and result in cancer-related fatigue (CRF), which is related to immune response through still ambiguous mechanisms. We aimed to explore the correlation between platinum and CRF from the perspective of platinum accumulation. After allowing for complete metabolism of the administered platinum drugs, we collected blood samples from 135 patients who had at least two platinum chemotherapy rounds, correlated the platinum concentration (C-Pt), pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α, hematological index with therapeutic effect, adverse reactions and fatigue. The median platinum concentration was higher in patients treated with cisplatin than oxaliplatin (424.0 vs 211.3 μg/L), and the occurrence of fatigue was 64.4% in all subjects. Separately, the incidence and degree of fatigue were 74.1% and 9.5 in the patients with higher platinum concentration compared to 57.1% and 2.0 in the lower group. C-Pt, IL-8 and TNF-α were positively correlated with the degree of CRF, while erythrocyte count and hemoglobin were negatively correlated with the degree of CRF. Mediating effect analysis showed that increased IL-8 concentration mediated 57.4%, while decreased erythrocyte count mediated 24.1% of the C-Pt effect on CRF. Platinum accumulation may involve increasing IL-8, cause inflammation or aggravate anemia, which in combination lead to CRF.
Metformin Reduces the Risk of Diverticula of Intestine in Taiwanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Tseng Chin-Hsiao 
Published: September 2021

Aim: To investigate the risk of diverticula of intestine associated with metformin use.Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database to enroll 307,548 ever users and 18,839 never users of metformin. The patients were followed up starting on January 1, 2006 and ending on a date up to December 31, 2011. To address confounding by indication, hazard ratios were derived from Cox regression based on the inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity score.Results: During follow-up, newly diagnosed cases of diverticula were identified in 1,828 ever users (incidence rate: 125.59 per 100,000 person-years) and 223 never users (incidence rate: 268.17 per 100,000 person-years). Ever users had an approximately 54% lower risk, as shown by the overall hazard ratio of 0.464 (95% confidence interval 0.404–0.534). While patients categorized in each tertile of cumulative duration of metformin therapy were compared to never users, a dose-response pattern was observed with hazard ratios of 0.847 (0.730–0.983), 0.455 (0.391–0.531) and 0.216 (0.183–0.255) for the first (&lt;27.37 months), second (27.37–59.70 months) and third (&gt;59.70 months) tertiles, respectively. The findings were similar when the diagnosis of diverticula was restricted to the small intestine or to the colon. Subgroup analyses suggested that the lower risk of diverticula of intestine associated with metformin use was significant in all age groups of &lt;50, 50–64 and ≥65 years, but the magnitude of risk reduction attenuated with increasing age.Conclusion: Metformin treatment is associated with a significantly reduced risk of diverticula of intestine.
Exploring the Anthropometric, Cardiorespiratory, and Haematological Determinants of Marathon Performance
Authors: Christou Georgios A. , Pagourelias Efstathios D. , Deligiannis Asterios P. , Kouidi Evangelia J. 
Published: September 2021

AimWe aimed to investigate the main anthropometric, cardiorespiratory and haematological factors that can determine marathon race performance in marathon runners.MethodsForty-five marathon runners (36 males, age: 42 ± 10 years) were examined during the training period for a marathon race. Assessment of training characteristics, anthropometric measurements, including height, body weight (n = 45) and body fat percentage (BF%) (n = 33), echocardiographic study (n = 45), cardiopulmonary exercise testing using treadmill ergometer (n = 33) and blood test (n = 24) were performed. We evaluated the relationships of these measurements with the personal best marathon race time (MRT) within a time frame of one year before or after the evaluation of each athlete.ResultsThe training age regarding long-distance running was 9 ± 7 years. Training volume was 70 (50–175) km/week. MRT was 4:02:53 ± 00:50:20 h. The MRT was positively associated with BF% (r = 0.587, p = 0.001). Among echocardiographic parameters, MRT correlated negatively with right ventricular end-diastolic area (RVEDA) (r = −0.716, p &lt; 0.001). RVEDA was the only independent echocardiographic predictor of MRT. With regard to respiratory parameters, MRT correlated negatively with maximum minute ventilation indexed to body surface area (VEmax/BSA) (r = −0.509, p = 0.003). Among parameters of blood test, MRT correlated negatively with haemoglobin concentration (r = −0.471, p = 0.027) and estimated haemoglobin mass (Hbmass) (r = −0.680, p = 0.002). After performing multivariate linear regression analysis with MRT as dependent variable and BF% (standardised β = 0.501, p = 0.021), RVEDA (standardised β = −0.633, p = 0.003), VEmax/BSA (standardised β = 0.266, p = 0.303) and Hbmass (standardised β = −0.308, p = 0.066) as independent variables, only BF% and RVEDA were significant independent predictors of MRT (adjusted R2 = 0.796, p &lt; 0.001 for the model).ConclusionsThe main physiological determinants of better marathon performance appear to be low BF% and RV enlargement. Upregulation of both maximum minute ventilation during exercise and haemoglobin mass may have a weaker effect to enhance marathon performance.Clinical Trial Registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04738877.
Nordic Walking at Maximal Fat Oxidation Intensity Decreases Circulating Asprosin and Visceral Obesity in Women With Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Kantorowicz Malgorzata , Szymura Jadwiga , Szygula Zbigniew , Kusmierczyk Justyna , Maciejczyk Marcin , Wiecek Magdalena 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveExcess visceral adipose tissue is associated with insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders, including deregulation of adipokine secretion, which may be corrected by aerobic exercise training. Asprosin is a novel adipokine responsible for the regulation of appetite and the release of glucose from the liver, and its levels are pathologically elevated in obesity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of 8-week Nordic walking (NW) training at maximal fat oxidation intensity (FATmax) on changes in body mass, as well as those in insulin resistance and asprosin levels among young women with visceral obesity and metabolic disorders.Materials and MethodsThe study was completed by 14 women (30.14 ± 3.63 years) representing low levels of physical activity, visceral obesity (waist circumference 105.50 ± 14.87 cm, BMI 33.85 ± 5.48 kg/m2) and with metabolic disorders, who for 8 weeks (three times a week, 60 min), participated in NW training at the FATmax intensity (61.92 ± 6.71% HRmax, 42.33 ± 8.69% VO2max) controlled on the basis of heart rate (114.21 ± 14.10 bpm).ResultsAfter 4 and 8 weeks of NW training, a significant decrease in the concentration of asprosin, waist and hip circumference (HC), waist-to-height ratio and body adiposity index (BAI) (p &lt; 0.05, large effect size) were found.ConclusionThe 8-week NW training at an FATmax intensity decreases the concentration of asprosin in the blood as well as visceral obesity in young women with metabolic disorders.
Single-Session Therapy by Appointment for the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in Youth and Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Bertuzzi Vanessa , Fratini Giulia , Tarquinio Claudia , Cannistrà Flavio , Granese Valentina , Giusti Emanuele Maria , Castelnuovo Gianluca , Pietrabissa Giada 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This systematic review provides a summary of the available evidence of the efficacy of single-session therapy (SST) on anxiety disorders in both youth and adults.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Google Scholar databases were search for relevant articles, and the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing the risk of bias in randomized trials was used for transparent reporting of the methodological quality of each selected study.Results: The search of electronic databases identified 18 reports based on rigorous inclusion criteria. Single-session therapy was found superior to no treatment in reducing anxiety symptoms, and similar results were observed while comparing SST to multi-treatment sessions.Discussion: The findings support the benefits of SST in enhancing cognitive, behavioral, and psychological outcomes in both youth and adults suffering from anxiety disorders across treatment conditions and approaches, SST thus appears to be a promising way of providing access to both private and public therapeutic services efficiently and cost-effectively.Conclusions: Single-session therapy is effective in treating anxiety disorders. Further research is required to quantify its cost-effectiveness and deepen the knowledge of effective treatment ingredients for both young people and the adult population suffering from diverse anxiety disorders.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier [CRD42021232024].
Challenging the Minimum Effective Antipsychotic Dose During Maintenance: Implications From 10-Year Follow-Up of First Episode Psychosis
Authors: Liu Chen-Chung , Liu Chih-Min , Chien Yi-Ling , Lin Yi-Ting , Hsieh Ming H. , Hwang Tzung-Jeng , Hwu Hai-Gwo 
Published: September 2021

Background: Contradictory messages regarding the necessity of long-term antipsychotic treatment after first episode psychosis arouse deliberations in clinical practice. We explored if there is an alternative beyond the dichotomy of maintenance treatment and discontinuation of medications.Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study by reviewing medical records at the study hospital of a cohort of patients since their participation in an early psychosis study starting from 2006, with special interests in patients able to maintain good functioning under treatment with a low antipsychotic dose.Results: Of the 81 patients with first-episode psychosis, 55 patients (67.9%) had follow-up information for longer than 5 years. The majority (n = 46, 83.6%) had non-affective psychosis, 20 patients (36.4%) had full-time employment/education by the time of their latest visit; among them, 15 patients received dosage of antipsychotics no more than the minimum effective dose [chlorpromazine equivalent (CPZE) dose, 200 mg/day]. Besides, 10 of 55 patients (18.2%) only received very low dose antipsychotics (CPZE &lt; 50 mg/day) during maintenance, which was significantly correlated to good functioning. Being male, having a history of hospitalization, and being on clozapine therapy were correlated to poorer functioning. Antipsychotic-free status was achieved only in two non-psychotic patients.Conclusions: A substantial proportion of patients could achieve good functioning under low-dose antipsychotic maintenance after first-episode psychosis, even if they could not completely withdraw antipsychotics in the long term. Optimizing the balance between preventing relapse and preserving functioning by fine-tuning antipsychotic dosage during maintenance is a challenge warranting more clinical attention.
Parental Sensitivity and Responsiveness as Mediators Between Postpartum Mental Health and Bonding in Mothers and Fathers
Authors: Nakić Radoš Sandra 
Published: September 2021

Background:There is a lack of studies that examine the complex relationship between parental mental health, parental sensitivity and responsiveness, and parent-infant bonding. This study aimed to test whether parental sensitivity and responsiveness were mediators between postpartum mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress) and parent-infant bonding in mothers and fathers.Method:Mothers (n= 427) and fathers (n= 170) of infants aged up to 1-year-old participated in an online study. The parents completed questionnaires on depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS), anxiety and stress (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, DASS-21). Parent-infant bonding was measured by Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) that has three components: Impaired bonding (PBQ1), Anxiety about care and parental distress (PBQ2), and Lack of enjoyment and affection with infant (PB3Q). Parental sensitivity was measured as the number of correct recognitions of infant facial expressions (City Infant Faces Database, CIFD). Responsiveness was measured as a self-report with two subscales of responsiveness and non-responsiveness (Maternal Infant Responsiveness Instrument, MIRI).Results:The path analysis showed that the model had a good fit to the data. Parental sex was a significant moderator, indicating different paths in mothers and fathers. In mothers, responsiveness and non-responsiveness were significant mediators between depression symptoms and three dimensions of bonding. In fathers, only non-responsiveness was a significant mediator between anxiety and PBQ3. Although recognizing infant facial expressions directly affected PBQ3 in mothers (but not in fathers), it was not a significant mediator between mental health and bonding.Conclusion:Higher levels of parental mental health problems (depression and anxiety) were associated with lower levels of parental responsiveness, which is, in turn, related to poor parent-infant bonding. Prevention and intervention programs should be offered for both mothers and fathers, focusing on postpartum mental health promotion and enhancing responsiveness in infant care.
Association Between Psychological Distress, Cognitive Complaints, and Neuropsychological Status After a Severe COVID-19 Episode: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gouraud Clément , Bottemanne Hugo , Lahlou-Laforêt Khadija , Blanchard Anne , Günther Sven , Batti Salma El , Auclin Edouard , Limosin Frédéric , Hulot Jean-Sébastien , Lebeaux David , Lemogne Cédric 
Published: September 2021

Background: Cognitive complaints are frequent after COVID-19 but their clinical determinants are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the associations of objective cognitive performances and psychological distress with cognitive complaints in COVID-19 survivors.Materials and Methods: Patients previously hospitalized for COVID-19 in a university hospital during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in France were followed-up at 1 month after their admission. Cognitive complaints were self-reported and standardized instruments were used to assess neuropsychological status (Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Semantic Verbal Fluency Test, Mini Mental Status Examination) and psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS). Multivariable analyses were adjusted for age, sex, admission in intensive care unit (ICU) and need for oxygen and C-reactive protein.Results: One hundred patients (34% women, median age: 60 years [interquartile range: 49–72)] completed the neuropsychological assessment at follow-up. In multivariable analyses, cognitive complaints at 1-month were associated with greater HADS score (OR for one interquartile range: OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.08–3.57) and older age (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.09) and, negatively, with admission in ICU (OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.05–0.90). In contrast, none of the objective neuropsychological test scores was significantly associated with cognitive complaints. Exploratory analysis showed that cognitive complaints were associated with both anxiety and depressive symptoms.Discussion: These preliminary results suggest that cognitive complaints at 1 month after a hospitalization for COVID-19 are associated with psychological distress, independently of objective neuropsychological status. Anxiety and depression symptoms should be systematically screened in patients presenting with cognitive complaints after a severe COVID-19 episode.
Geographical Variation in Physical Fitness Among Chinese Children and Adolescents From 2005 to 2014
Authors: Dong Yanhui , Chen Manman , Song Yi , Ma Jun , Lau Patrick W. C. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: To examine the geographical variation in change in the levels of physical fitness from 2005 to 2014 among Chinese children and adolescents.Methods: A total of 663,813 children 7 to 18 years of age with physical fitness data in 2005, 2010 and 2014, participated in the study. Physical fitness was assessed using six components, and their standardized scores were aggregated to form a summary physical fitness indicator (PFI).Results: Over the study period, there was an increase in the proportion of high PFI (from 15.3% in 2005 to 19.0% in 2014, Ptrend &lt; 0.05) and a decrease in the proportion of low PFI (from 30.6 to 29.8%, Ptrend &lt; 0.05). Children and adolescents in the eastern provinces of China showed a high proportion of high PFI with an increasing trend over time, while those in the western provinces had a high proportion of low PFI with a decreasing trend over time (P &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: The comprehensive physical fitness among Chinese children showed an improved trend from 2005 to 2014. Region-specific interventions with priority policies could be useful to sustainably narrow geographical variation in Chinese children, especially in the western provinces.
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Induce Reversible Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Cardiac Dysfunction. Echocardiography Results of the HAARLEM Study
Authors: Smit Diederik L. , Voogel A. J. , Heijer Martin den , Ronde Willem de 
Published: September 2021

Background: The use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) is not uncommon among strength athletes. Several cross-sectional studies have linked AAS use to heart disease, but a causal role for AAS is not certain and it is unknown whether cardiac changes are reversible.Methods: Men of at least 18 years old intending to start an AAS cycle on short notice were included for comprehensive 3D echocardiographic examination before (T0), at the end of the cycle (T1), and 1 year after inclusion (T2) after a recovery period. Details of the AAS cycle performed and the use of other performance and image-enhancing drugs (PIEDs) as well as illicit drug use were recorded. Trend analysis and multivariable regression analysis were performed with mixed effects linear models.Results: Thirty-one subjects were included. Between start (T0) and end of the cycle (T1), after a median AAS cycle duration of 16 weeks, 3D left ventricular ejection fraction declined with 4.9% (CI −7.2 to −2.5, P &lt; 0.001), E/A-ratio declined with−0.45 (CI −0.69 to −0.21, P &lt; 0.001), and 3D left atrial volume increased with 9.2 ml (CI 2.9–15.4, P = 0.004). Left ventricular mass increased with 28.3 g (CI 14.2–42.4, P &lt; 0.001) and was positively correlated with AAS average weekly dose. After a median recovery time of 8 months (T2), all parameters returned to baseline.Conclusion: AAS induce left ventricular hypertrophy and impaired systolic and diastolic function in amateur strength athletes. The structural cardiac changes are positively associated with AAS dose and complete recovery occurred after AAS were discontinued.