bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and occupational outcomes: The role of educational attainment, comorbid developmental disorders, and intellectual disability
Authors: Jangmo Andreas , Kuja-Halkola Ralf , Pérez-Vigil Ana , Almqvist Catarina , Bulik Cynthia M. , D’Onofrio Brian , Lichtenstein Paul , Ahnemark Ewa , Werner-Kiechle Tamara , Larsson Henrik 
Published: March 2021

Background
Individuals with ADHD are at increased risk for poor occupational outcomes. Educational attainment and psychiatric comorbidity may be important contributing factors for these outcomes, but the role of these factors is not well characterized. This study aimed to investigate the associations between ADHD and occupational outcomes, and to examine the influence of educational attainment, comorbid developmental disorders and intellectual disability on these associations.

Methods
We linked the Swedish population graduating from compulsory school 1998–2008 (N = 1.2 millions) to population-wide register-based data on clinical psychiatric diagnoses and medications, objective annual measures of educational, and occupational outcomes. Individuals were followed for between 6 to 16 years after graduation.

Results
Individuals with ADHD had annually on average 17 percent lower income, ratio = 0.83 (95% CI 0.83–0.84), 12.19 (11.89–12.49) more days of unemployment, and a higher likelihood of receiving disability pension, odds-ratio = 19.0 (18.4–19.6), compared to controls. Comorbid diagnoses of intellectual disability and developmental disorder explained most of the association between ADHD and disability pension, while lifetime educational attainment partially explained associations between ADHD and all occupational outcomes. Analyses of occupational trajectories found that income was lower and unemployment elevated relative to controls with the same educational attainment. Higher educational attainment correlated with higher income similarly among individuals with ADHD and controls after accounting for individual background factors.

Conclusions
The occupational burden associated with ADHD is substantial. Comorbid developmental disorders, intellectual disability and educational difficulties (e.g., failing grades) from childhood to adulthood are important factors to consider when designing interventions to improve occupational outcomes in individuals with ADHD.
Emotion regulation, mindfulness, and self-compassion among patients with borderline personality disorder, compared to healthy control subjects
Authors: Salgó Ella , Szeghalmi Liliána , Bajzát Bettina , Berán Eszter , Unoka Zsolt 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesEmotion regulation difficulties are a major characteristic of personality disorders. Our study investigated emotion regulation difficulties that are characteristic of borderline personality disorder (BPD), compared to a healthy control group.MethodsPatients with BPD (N = 59) and healthy participants (N = 70) filled out four self-report questionnaires (Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Self-Compassion Scale) that measured the presence or lack of different emotion-regulation strategies. Differences between the BPD and the healthy control group were investigated by Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and univariate post-hoc F-test statistics.ResultsPeople suffering from BPD had statistically significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of emotional dysregulation and used more maladaptive emotion-regulation strategies, as well as lower levels of mindfulness and self-compassion compared to the HC group.ConclusionIn comparison to a healthy control group, BPD patients show deficits in the following areas: mindfulness, self-compassion and adaptive emotion-regulation strategies. Based on these results, we suggest that teaching emotion-regulation, mindfulness, and self-compassion skills to patients can be crucial in the treatment of borderline personality disorder.
Effect of alkali bases on the synthesis of ZnO quantum dots
Authors: Zhang Xilian , Luo Shanshan , Wu Xiaodan , Feng Minghui , Li Yingying , Han Haoyun , Li Wenkui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The surface-modified zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnO QDs) have broad application prospects in the field of biomedicine because of their good water solubility, dispersibility, and high fluorescence stability. The alkali bases play important roles in controlling the morphology, size distribution, dispersity, and fluorescence intensity of the synthesized ZnO QDs. In this article, ZnO QDs were synthesized to induce hydrolysis–condensation reaction. The influences of alkali bases (LiOH, NaOH, and KOH) and the ratio of n(Zn2+):n(OH−) on the properties of synthesized ZnO QDs were investigated. The results show that the particle size of the ZnO QDs prepared using LiOH and NaOH as raw materials are smaller than that using KOH. ZnO QDs prepared at the ratio of n(Zn2+):n(LiOH) = 1:1 have the best fluorescence performance and dispersibility.
Input/output inconsistencies of daily evapotranspiration conducted empirically using remote sensing data in arid environments
Authors: Elhag Mohamed , Bahrawi Jarbou , Boteva Silvena 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The reliable quantification of daily evapotranspiration (ET) over vast croplands is a quest in many scholarly works aimed at the precise practice of water resources management. Remote sensing–based empirical and nonempirical models were developed to overcome large-scale quantification issues, which are usually experienced when using conventional approaches for the estimation of ET. The surface energy balance system (SEBS) model was used to quantify the daily ET in the arid/semi-arid over Wadi Ad-Dwaser, Saudi. SEBS input variables are parametrically sensitive and climatic dependent, and the model input/output dependencies are of high comprehensibility; therefore, the optimization analysis of SEBS input/output parameters is the target of the current research. SEBS inputs reciprocal inconsistencies were determined using the artificial neural network analysis, while the output dependencies on the daily ET estimation were mapped. Results demonstrated that the temperature and relative humidity are the most sensitive parameters to be considered in the routine crop monitoring procedure. SEBS output thematic maps showed the robust proportional correlation between the daily ET and the conducted temperature map. Moreover, the estimated daily ET was inversely correlated with the estimated cold sensible heat fluxes. The findings suggest systematic monitoring and forecasting procedures for efficient water-saving management plans in Saudi Arabia.
Positional dependency in Murrinhpatha: expanding the typology of non-canonical morphotactics
Authors: Nordlinger Rachel , Mansfield John 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Principles of morphotactics are a major source of morphological diversity amongst the world’s languages, and it is well-known that languages exhibit many different types of deviation from a canonical ideal in which there is a unique and consistent mapping between function and form. In this paper we present data from Murrinhpatha (non-Pama-Nyungan, northern Australia) that demonstrates a type of non-canonical morphotactics so far unattested in the literature, one which we call positional dependency. This type is unusual in that the non-canonical pattern is driven by morphological form rather than by morphosyntactic function. In this case the realisation of one morph is dependent on the position in the verbal template of another morph. Thus, it is the linearisation of morphs that conditions the morphological realisation, not the morphosyntactic feature set. Positional dependency in Murrinhpatha thus expands our typology of content-form interactions and non-canonical morphotactics with implications for our understanding of morphological structure cross-linguistically.
Nanoparticles Enable Efficient Delivery of Antimicrobial Peptides for the Treatment of Deep Infections
Authors: Deng Yingxue , Huang Rui , Huang Songyin , Xiong Menghua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as promising alternatives of traditional antibiotics against drug-resistant bacteria owing to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and low tendency to drug resistance. However, their therapeutic efficacy in vivo, especially for infections in deep organs, is limited owing to their systemic toxicity and low bioavailability. Nanoparticles-based delivery systems offer a strategy to increase the therapeutic index of AMPs by preventing proteolysis, increasing the accumulation at infection sites, and reducing toxicity. Herein, we will discuss the current progress of using nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for AMPs for the treatment of deep infections.

Statement of significance

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are rarely directly used to treat deep infections due to their systemic toxicity and low bioavailability. This review summarizes recent progress that researchers employed nanoparticles-based delivery systems to deliver AMPs for the treatment of deep infections. Nanoparticles-based delivery systems offer a strategy to increase the therapeutic index of AMPs by preventing proteolysis, increasing the accumulation at infection sites, and reducing toxicity. Especially, the development of intelligent nanocarriers can achieve selective activation and active target in the infectious sites, thus improving the therapeutic efficacy against bacterial infection and reducing the toxicity against normal tissues.
Colorful Online Learning Problem of Early Childhood Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Munastiwi Erni 
Published: March 2021

This research aims to determine the various problems of online learning at the level of early childhood education units during the COVID-19 pandemic. As for the issues among them, teachers have not all mastered IT; students tend to get bored too long studying at home. Likewise, parents are not ready to change the role of teachers at home and the policies of the central government and local governments and other issues. This research uses a qualitative approach. Respondent consists of a teacher of 12 people and a parent of 25 people. Research location in Ponorogo Regency, East Java. The process of retrieving data using questionnaires through a google form. The results showed there were colorful problems, including 1) communication between educators, parents, and protégés, 2) the lack of costs for procurement of information technology facilities, and the price for online learning needs, 3) the right online learning method for early childhood. While the obstacles faced by parents are 1) mastery of material submitted to the child, 2) less growing the interest of the child, 3) internet network problems, 4) time accompanying the child to study online.
Commemoration of Dr. Barnabás Nagy, a Research Entomologist on a Mission to Serve Biodiversity and Agrozoology
Authors: Szövényi G. , Puskás G. , Szőcs G. 
Published: March 2021

Dr. Barnabás Nagy(1921–2020), a naturalist, orthopterologist, agrozoologist and forward-looking ecologist covered a rich scientific career. In commemoration of his significant contribution to entomology, we attempt to shed some light on a selection of his achievements. While devoted to his chosen insect order, Orthoptera, he was sensitive also to problems coming from everyday’s practice in controlling pests in agriculture. Consequently, he dealt with various pest species, belonging to a variety of insect taxa (Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera). He always put the actual problem in ecological context. This may have helped him to recognize the need for an ecological approach in plant protection and to develop the pioneering concept of biological / ecological pest management, published in Hungarian, as early as in 1957. When arguing for his concept, he criticized the surplus usages of toxic pesticides and provided guidelines for facilitating the beneficial activity of the natural enemies of pests. This way he prepared the way for integrated pest management (IPM), preceding the international mainstream of his age. He held an active part in the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC), as a founder of the International Working Group of Ostrinia (IWGO), and was the Head of the Department of Zoology of the Plant Protection Institute, Budapest, Hungary. He held several positions in the Hungarian Entomological Society (President, vice-President, Secretary, committee member), to that society he was engaged for 80 years. Here we cite only some of his most important, original entomological papers. He regularly published also in journals for popular science and gave lectures for the young generations of entomologists.Curriculum vitae in a nutshell
Distributed Acoustic Sensing Using Dark Fiber for Array Detection of Regional Earthquakes
Authors: Nayak Avinash , Ajo-Franklin Jonathan ,   the Imperial Valley Dark Fiber Team
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe intrinsic array nature of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) makes it suitable for applying beamforming techniques commonly used in traditional seismometer arrays for enhancing weak and coherent seismic phases from distant seismic events. We test the capacity of a dark-fiber DAS array in the Sacramento basin, northern California, to detect small earthquakes at The Geysers geothermal field, at a distance of ∼100  km from the DAS array, using beamforming. We use a slowness range appropriate for ∼0.5–1.0  Hz surface waves that are well recorded by the DAS array. To take advantage of the large aperture, we divide the ∼20  km DAS cable into eight subarrays of aperture ∼1.5–2.0  km each, and apply beamforming independently to each subarray using phase-weighted stacking. The presence of subarrays of different orientations provides some sensitivity to back azimuth. We apply a short-term average/long-term average detector to the beam at each subarray. Simultaneous detections over multiple subarrays, evaluated using a voting scheme, are inferred to be caused by the same earthquake, whereas false detections caused by anthropogenic noise are expected to be localized to one or two subarrays. Analyzing 45 days of continuous DAS data, we were able to detect all earthquakes with M≥2.4, while missing most of the smaller magnitude earthquakes, with no false detections due to seismic noise. In comparison, a single broadband seismometer co-located with the DAS array was unable to detect any earthquake of M&lt;2.4, many of which were detected successfully by the DAS array. The seismometer also experienced a large number of false detections caused by spatially localized noise. We demonstrate that DAS has significant potential for local and regional detection of small seismic events using beamforming. The ubiquitous presence of dark fiber provides opportunities to extend remote earthquake monitoring to sparsely instrumented and urban areas.
The Modern Swedish National Seismic Network: Two Decades of Intraplate Microseismic Observation
Authors: Lund Björn , Schmidt Peter , Hossein Shomali Zaher , Roth Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Swedish National Seismic Network (SNSN) was modernized and rapidly expanded during the period 1998–2012. The network currently operates 68 permanent seismic stations, all with broadband instruments supplying real-time continuous data at 100 samples per second. Continuous data from 10 stations are shared with the international community via Orfeus, and approximately 10 stations of their individual choice are shared with institutes in neighboring countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Germany). The SNSN uses the South Iceland Lowland (SIL) system as the primary system for automatic detection and event definition. In addition, an in-house system based on migration and stacking is used for automatic detection of small events, and implementations of SeisComP (SC) and Earthworm are used primarily for rapid detection of larger regional events. Global monitoring is performed with SC, using approximately 250 global stations, and we operate a continuous rapid risk assessment system serving Swedish crisis management authorities. Since the start of automatic processing in August 2000, the SNSN has recorded and interactively analyzed more than 171,000 seismic events, of which 10,700 were earthquakes with local magnitudes ranging from around −1 to 4.3. The microearthquake activity detected in the last 20 yr has significantly improved the identification and understanding of seismically active structures in Sweden.
UNDER AN UNSTARRY SKY: KANTIAN ETHICS AND RADICAL EVIL
Authors: METTINI EMILIANO 
Published: March 2021

Kantian ethics and concept concerning “radical evil” represent one of the most interesting facets of moral reflection of German philosopher. Using anthropological and philosophical approach based on well-known critical method, I. Kant tried to find a comprise between “natural” behavior (i.e. not regulated by synthetic a priori judgments) but based only on sensation of pleasant unpleasant and “rational” behavior when humans tried to exit the realm of appearance and personal egoism for entering a new ethical dimension based on right (not pathological, if using I. Kant’s word) maxims being able to make human beings better than they are. In the paper it is underscored that main goal of Kantian ethics is the creation of a community where religion is a fact of reason and not of faith and reason, having as main actors men reaching an high level of self-consciousness and virtue that I. Kant granted as the greatest happiness one can have. The author tried to highlight the passage from “human being” as individuum (representative of a species) to ethically autonomous member of social consortium using as sources different Kantian works where this problem has been studied deeply and gave great emphasis to story of Job, representing in the best way the passage the Author wrote of. At the same time, he set for himself the goal of exploring progressive character of Kantian ethics aimed at making human beings better than they are, but not the best, considering noumenic nature of ethics hidden in the “Realm of goals”. Given such assumptions, the Author leads a debate with scholars distorting Kantian ethical thought by interpretation from Lacanian standpoints so that those scholars made I. Kant original source of totalitarianisms, where, in scholars’ opinion, humans do their duty both for saving their lives and express their sadistic tendencies and makes clear that Kantian ethics, throughout contradictory and complicated, is oriented to correction and education of human behavior for saving humans being from their own passions.
Maladministration in the Public Service: Should Government Officials be Responsible for their Decisions?
Authors: Irmajayanti Maulida Zulia , Sudaryanto Totok , Antikowati Antikowati 
Published: March 2021

The concept of the welfare state upholds the existence of the legal system under the premise of legal certainty and the protection of basic human rights. Paragraph IV of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia emphasizes the existence of “state obligations” and “the government duty” to protect and serve all public interest. The normative basis of the Constitution was translated as the national principle to embody the public services. The Public Service Law Number 25 of 2009 is a formulation of legal certainty. However, the main problem that occurs in the public services is maladministration in bureaucracy. It is important to build interpretations of the authority attached to the bureaucratic system or on subjects who become government officials. By analyzing the Constitution, this article states that the government official dimensions must be considered as an interrelated issue, so that the articulate practice must be seen as inherent social conditions.
Keywords: Responsibility, Government Officials, Maladministration.
Buying Voters: Money and Political Transaction in Legislative Elections.
Authors: Fardian M. Iqbal 
Published: March 2021

Political transaction has become a common phenomenon that accompanies elections. It does not only occur in countries with well-established democratic systems, but also in developing nations. Academic engagement with the concept of democracy increasingly explores its links to the chaotic commodification of electors' votes. Political transactions can trigger several problems, such as political structures, citizenship awareness, or cultural relations issues that form a democratic structure of the country. Political transactions are processes of negotiation that take place between elites. This paper explores the contestation of social positions to gain electors' votes in the context of the legislative election conducted in Banyuwangi. The strategies used by legislative candidates to obtain votes through transactional relationships demonstrates the various actors involved in general elections. First, the researcher argues that democratization has transformed the sacred position of the elites, especially the religious elite. Second, the complexity of relations between elites presents the position of a broker, which emphasizes the character of democracy in Indonesia, which is marked by issues of clientelism. Thus, it is essential to observe Indonesia's political praxis from the institutional practice point of view and its social problems that distort democratic values.
Keywords: Clientelism, Transaction Cost Politic, Money Politics
Rasionalitas Penggunanaan Obat Pada.Pasien GERD Di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Anutapura Palu
Authors: Patala Recky , Tandi Joni , Ulzmi Nurul , Fahruddin Fahruddin 
Published: March 2021

<p><em>Gastroesophageal Refluks Disease </em>(GERD) merupakan suatu keadaan patologis dimana cairan lambung dengan berbagai kandungannya mengalami refluks ke dalam esophagus. Penyakit ini terjadi akibat <em>lower esophageal sphincter</em> yang berada diantara esophagus dan lambung tidak berfungsi dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rasionalitas penggunaan obat yang meliputi tepat indikasi, tepat obat dan tepat dosis. Subyek pada penelitian ini adalah pasien GERD yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ditentukan berdasarkan rumus Slovin. metode penelitian yang digunakan observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan teknik purposive sampling dimana penelitian ini mendeksripsikan dan mengkaji rasionalitas penggunaan obat pada pasien GERD di RSU Anutapura Palu periode Oktober 2019-Januari 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan obat pada.pasien GERD di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSU Anutapura Palu sudah rasional dengan persentase penggunaan obat berdasarkan tepat indikasi sebesar 96,97 %, tepat obat 96, 97 % dan tepat dosis sebesar 100%. </p>