bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ancestral human mother–infant interaction was an adaptation that gave rise to music and dance
Authors: Dissanayake Ellen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Human infants are born ready to respond to affiliative signals of a caretaker's face, body, and voice. This ritualized behavior in ancestral mothers and infants was an adaptation that gave rise to music and dance as exaptations for promoting group ritual and other social bonding behaviors, arguing for an evolutionary relationship between mother and infant bonding and both music and dance.
An evolutionary theory of music needs to care about developmental timing
Authors: Hannon Erin E. , Crittenden Alyssa N. , Snyder Joel S. , Nave Karli M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBoth target papers cite evidence from infancy and early childhood to support the notion of human musicality as a somewhat static suite of capacities; however, in our view they do not adequately acknowledge the critical role of developmental timing, the acquisition process, or the dynamics of social learning, especially during later periods of development such as middle childhood.
Clarifying the link between music and social bonding by measuring prosociality in context
Authors: Sachs Matthew E. , FeldmanHall Oriel , Tamir Diana I. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To corroborate the music and social bonding hypothesis, we propose that future investigations isolate specific components of social bonding and consider the influence of context. We deconstruct and operationalize social bonding through the lens of social psychology and provide examples of specific measures that can be used to assess how the link between music and sociality varies by context.
Sound sleep: Lullabies as a test case for the neurobiological effects of music
Authors: Akkermann Miriam , Can Akkaya Ugur , Demirel Cagatay , Pflüger Dirk , Dresler Martin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Music is part of the cultural practice and, at the same time, is interwoven with biology through its effects on the brain and its likely evolutionary origin. Studies on music, however, are traditionally based on the humanities and often carried out in a purely historical context, without much input from neuroscience and biology. Here, we argue that lullabies are a particularly suited test case to study the biological versus cultural aspects of music.
The evolution of music as artistic cultural innovation expressing intuitive thought symbolically
Authors: van Mulukom Valerie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMusic is an artistic cultural innovation, and therefore it may be considered as intuitive thought expressed in symbols, which can efficiently convey multiple meanings in learning, thinking, and transmission, selected for and passed on through cultural evolution. The symbolic system has personal adaptive benefits besides social ones, which should not be overlooked even if music may tend more to the latter.
Understanding the origins of musicality requires reconstructing the interactive dance between music-specific adaptations, exaptations, and cultural creations
Authors: Trainor Laurel J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe evolutionary origins of complex capacities such as musicality are not simple, and likely involved many interacting steps of musicality-specific adaptations, exaptations, and cultural creation. A full account of the origins of musicality needs to consider the role of ancient adaptations such as credible singing, auditory scene analysis, and prediction-reward circuits in constraining the emergence of musicality.
If music be the food of love, play on: Four ways that music may lead to social connection
Authors: Gabriel Shira , Paravati Elaine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The hypothesis that music is well suited to facilitate social bonding (Savage et al., target article) is highly consistent with social psychological research on the need to belong. We explore how music is uniquely placed to increase feelings of connections to large collectives by increasing collective effervescence, providing narratives, reminding one of others, and providing social surrogates.
What's not music, but feels like music to you?
Authors: Iyer Vijay 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The category “music” as used in this area of science is inconsistent and unstable, and its logical relationship to the word “musicality” – used by scientists to denote the human capacity for music – is circular. Therefore, rather than pursue the question, “Why did music(ality) evolve?” let us ask more inclusively, “What experiences in humankind's deep past might have felt like music?”
Toward inclusive theories of the evolution of musicality
Authors: Savage Patrick E. , Loui Psyche , Tarr Bronwyn , Schachner Adena , Glowacki Luke , Mithen Steven , Fitch W. Tecumseh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe compare and contrast the 60 commentaries by 109 authors on the pair of target articles by Mehr et al. and ourselves. The commentators largely reject Mehr et al.'s fundamental definition of music and their attempts to refute (1) our social bonding hypothesis, (2) byproduct hypotheses, and (3) sexual selection hypotheses for the evolution of musicality. Instead, the commentators generally support our more inclusive proposal that social bonding and credible signaling mechanisms complement one another in explaining cooperation within and competition between groups in a coevolutionary framework (albeit with some confusion regarding terminologies such as “byproduct” and “exaptation”). We discuss the proposed criticisms and extensions, with a focus on moving beyond adaptation/byproduct dichotomies and toward testing of cross-species, cross-cultural, and other empirical predictions.
Thoughts on vigor in the motor and cognitive domains
Authors: Hanakawa Takashi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We feel exhausted after working mentally hard even while just sitting on a chair, suggesting the concept of cognitive vigor. Do movement vigor and cognitive vigor share control mechanisms? Functions of the basal ganglia-cortical circuits, which are regulated by the midbrain dopaminergic system, appear to underlie both movement vigor and cognitive vigor.
Moving fast and seeing slow? The visual consequences of vigorous movement
Authors: Rolfs Martin , Ohl Sven 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In active agents, sensory and motor processes form an inevitable bond. This wedding is particularly striking for saccadic eye movements – the prime target of Shadmehr and Ahmed's thesis – which impose frequent changes on the retinal image. Changes in movement vigor (latency and speed), therefore, will need to be accompanied by changes in visual and attentional processes. We argue that the mechanisms that control movement vigor may also enable vision to attune to changes in movement kinematics.
Decontamination of Surgical Instruments for Safe Wound Care Surgeries in Disasters: What are the Options? A Scoping Review
Authors: Rowinski Anna , von Schreeb Johan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInternational guidelines stipulate that autoclavation is necessary to sterilize surgical equipment. World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for decontamination of medical devices require four levels of decontamination: cleaning, low- and high-level disinfection, as well as sterilization. Following disasters, there is a substantial need for wound care surgery. This requires prompt availability of a significant volume of instruments that are adequately decontaminated. Ideally, they should be sterilized using an autoclave, but due to the resource-limited field context, this may be impossible. The aim of this study was therefore to identify whether there are portable and less resource-demanding techniques to decontaminate surgical instruments for safe wound care surgery in disasters. A scoping review was chosen, and searches were performed in three scientific databases, grey literature, and included data from organizations and journals. Articles were scanned for decontamination techniques feasible for use in the resource-scarce disaster setting given that: they achieved at least high-level disinfected instruments, were portable, and did not require electricity. A total of 401 articles were reviewed, yielding 13 articles for inclusion. The study identified three techniques: pressure cooking, boiling, and liquid chemical immersion, all achieving either sterilized or high-level disinfected instruments. It was concluded that besides autoclaves, there are less resource-demanding decontamination techniques available for safe wound surgery in disasters. This study provides systematic information to guide optimal standard setting for sterilization of surgical material in resource-limited disaster settings.
Novel antidepressant drugs: Beyond monoamine targets
Authors: Gonda Xenia , Dome Peter , Neill Joanna C. , Tarazi Frank I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTreatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) including treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major unmet need. Although there are several classes of dissimilar antidepressant drugs approved for MDD, the current drugs have either limited efficacy or are associated with undesirable side effects and withdrawal symptoms. The efficacy and side effects of antidepressant drugs are mainly attributed to their actions on different monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine). Development of new antidepressants with novel targets beyond the monoamine pathways may fill the unmet need in treatment of MDD and TRD. The recent approval of intranasal Esketamine (glutamatergic agent) in conjunction with an oral antidepressant for the treatment of adult TRD patients was the first step toward expanding beyond the monoamine targets. Several other glutamatergic (AXS-05, REL-1017, AV-101, SLS-002, AGN24175, and PCN-101) and GABAergic (brexanolone, zuranolone, and ganaxolone) drugs are currently in different stages of clinical development for MDD, TRD and other indications. The renaissance of psychedelic drugs and the emergence of preliminary positive clinical trial results with psilocybin, Ayahuasca, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may pave the way towards establishing this class of drugs as effective therapies for MDD, TRD and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Going beyond the monoamine targets appears to be an effective strategy to develop novel antidepressant drugs with superior efficacy, safety, and tolerability for the improved treatment of MDD and TRD.
Who has a beef with reducing red and processed meat consumption? A media framing analysis
Authors: Sievert Katherine , Lawrence Mark , Parker Christine , Russell Cherie A , Baker Phillip 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective:Diets high in red and processed meat (RPM) contribute substantially to environmental degradation, greenhouse gas emissions and the global burden of chronic disease. High-profile reports have called for significant global RPM reduction, especially in high-income settings. Despite this, policy attention and political priority for the issue are low.Design:The study used a theoretically guided framing analysis to identify frames used by various interest groups in relation to reducing RPM in online news media articles published in the months around the release of four high-profile reports by authoritative organisations that included a focus on the impacts of high RPM production and/or consumption.Setting:Four major RPM producing and consuming countries – USA, United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand.Participants:None.Results:Hundred and fifty news media articles were included. Articles reported the views of academics, policymakers, industry representatives and the article authors themselves. RPM reduction was remarkably polarising. Industry frequently framed RPM reduction as part of a ‘Vegan Agenda’ or as advocated by an elite minority. Reducing RPM was also depicted as an infringement on personal choice and traditional values. Many interest groups attempted to discredit the reports by citing a lack of consensus on the evidence, or that only certain forms of farming and processing were harmful. Academics and nutrition experts were more likely to be cited in articles that were aligned with the findings of the reports.Conclusions:The polarisation of RPM reduction has led to a binary conflict between pro- and anti-meat reduction actors. This division may diminish the extent to which political leaders will prioritise this in policy agendas. Using nuanced and context-dependent messaging could ensure the narratives around meat are less conflicting and more effective in addressing health and environmental harms associated with RPM.
Healing the Past by Nurturing the Future: Aboriginal parents’ views of what helps support recovery from complex trauma
Authors: Chamberlain Catherine , Clark Yvonne , Hokke Stacey , Hampton Angela , Atkinson Caroline , Andrews Shawana ,   for the HPNF investigator group
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe aimed to understand support needs for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents experiencing complex trauma.Becoming a parent is an exciting yet challenging transition, particularly for parents who have experienced past hurt in their own childhood which can have long lasting effects, including complex trauma. Complex trauma-related distress can make it harder to care for a baby, but the parenting transition offers unique opportunities for recovery.This formative research is part of a community-based participatory action research project which aims to co-design perinatal awareness, recognition, assessment and support strategies for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents experiencing complex trauma. We used an Indigenist approach and grounded theory methods. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents who were pregnant and/or have children up to two years old were recruited through perinatal care services and community networks in three Australian sites (Alice Springs, Adelaide and Melbourne). Parents were offered a group discussion or individual interview, facilitated by Aboriginal researchers. Third-person scenarios and visual tools were used to facilitate reflections about the impact of past experiences, what keeps parents strong, hopes and dreams, and what is needed to achieve those dreams. Parents were also shown themes from a previous systematic review of parents’ experiences as a prompt to identify any additional key issues.Seventeen Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents participated in August to September 2019. Most were mothers (n = 15). The study’s grounded theory methods provided the foundation of a theoretical supposition that positions the transformation of the compounding cycle of trauma, to a reinforcing cycle of nurturing at the intersection of: 1) parents’ connectedness; 2) social and emotional wellbeing; and 3) the transition to parenting. Unique opportunities and challenges situated at the interface are bound to the compounding or reinforcing nature of the intersecting factors. Findings reveal complexity, differing experiences by gender and age, as well as within and between communities.
Relationship between the depression levels and nutritional statuses of advanced stage cancer patients
Authors: Yildirim Dilek 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the depression and nutritional statuses of advanced stage cancer patients and investigate the relationship between depression and malnutrition.MethodThe descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study was conducted with 245 patients with advanced cancer. The data were collected by using an Information Form, the Visual Analog Scale, the NRS-2002-Nutritional Risk Score, and the Beck Depression Inventory.ResultsThe mean NRS-2002 score of the patients was 2.22, and when the cutoff value was accepted as 3, it was determined that 39.2% of the patients had malnutrition. The mean Beck Depression Inventory score of the patients was 35.06, and they were found to experience severe depression. There was a positive and significant relationship between the NRS-2002 scores and the Beck Depression Inventory scores (r= 0.409;p< 0.001).Significance of resultsThese results showed that there was a strong relationship between the depression and malnutrition levels of advanced stage cancer patients. Deterioration in the nutritional status of the advanced stage cancer patients was associated with a significant worsening effect in terms of depression and pain.
Introducing cover crops as a fallow replacement in the Northern Great Plains: I. Evaluation of cover crop mixes as a forage source for grazing cattle
Authors: Wyffels Samuel A. , Bourgault Maryse , Dafoe Julia M. , Lamb Peggy F. , Boss Darrin L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCrop-livestock integration has demonstrated that cover crops can be terminated using livestock grazing with minimal negative impacts on soil health, however, provides little information on system-level approaches that mutually benefit soil health and both crop and livestock production. Therefore, the objective of this research was to examine the effects of cover crop mixtures on biomass production, quality and the potential for nitrate toxicity on a dryland wheat-cover crop rotation. This research was conducted at the Montana State University-Northern Agricultural Research Center near Havre, MT (48°29′N, −109°48′W) from 2012 to 2019. This experiment was conducted as a randomized-complete-block design, where 29 individual species were utilized in 15 different cover crop mixtures in a wheat-cover crop rotation. Cover crop mixtures were classified into four treatment groups, including (1) cool-season species, (2) warm-season species dominant, (3) cool and warm-season species mixture (mid-season), and (4) a barley (Hordeum vulgare) control. All cover crop mixtures were terminated at anthesis of cool-season cereal species to avoid volunteer cereal grains in the following wheat crop. At the time of cover crop termination, dry matter forage production was estimated and analyzed for crude protein, total digestible nutrients and nitrates as indicators of forage quality. All mixtures containing oats (Avena sativa) had greater (P⩽ 0.03) biomass production than other mixtures within their respective treatment groups (cool- and mid-season). Forage biomass was influenced by cover crop treatment group, with the barley producing the greatest (P< 0.01) amount of forage biomass when compared to cool-, mid- and warm-season cover crop treatments. Total digestible nutrients were greater (P< 0.01) in the barley control compared to the cool- and mid-season treatment groups. Crude protein was greatest in the warm-season treatment group (P< 0.01) compared to the barley control, cool- and mid-season treatment groups. The barley control produced fewer nitrates (P⩽ 0.05) than the cool-, mid- and warm-season treatment groups; however, all cover crop mixtures produced nitrates at levels unsafe for livestock consumption at least one year of the study. The relatively high and variable nitrate levels of all cover crop mixtures across years in this study suggest that forage should be tested for nitrates before grazing. In conclusion, our research suggests that in a dryland wheat-cover crop rotation that requires early-July termination, cool-season cover crop mixtures are the most suitable forage source for livestock grazing most years.
Orogen‐Parallel Migration of Exhumation in the Eastern Aar Massif Revealed by Low‐T Thermochronometry
Authors: Nibourel L. , Rahn M. , Dunkl I. , Berger A. , Herman F. , Diehl T. , Heuberger S. , Herwegh M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNew and published (U‐Th)/He data on zircon, apatite, and zircon fission track ages constrain the thermal overprint and cooling history of the eastern Aar Massif, Switzerland. The timing and pattern of cooling is in agreement with independent kinematic and age constraints from exposed shear zones. This suggests that the cooling ages mainly reflect exhumation and that long‐term exhumation‐dynamics were mainly controlled by crustal‐scale tectonic processes. Results of a statistical inverse model reveal significant diachrony in the timing of exhumation in the along‐strike direction. Maximum exhumation rates (1 mm/yr) were initially located in the central Aar Massif (from 22 to 10 Ma), then gradually migrated to the east between 10 Ma and present, while the central Aar Massif continued to exhume at slower rates (0.5 mm/yr). The diachrony in the timing of exhumation may be explained by lateral variations in the inherited thickness or the density of the accreted European crust. We attribute the increase in exhumation rates between 2 Ma and present to enhanced glacial erosion. Nevertheless, the post 2 Ma exhumation pattern reflects a continuation of noncylindrical massif “growth” in the eastward orogen‐parallel direction. This indicates that—although at slow rates—thick‐skinned and buoyancy‐driven compressional deformation, likely enhanced by the presence of easily erodible flysch units at the surface, might still be ongoing especially in the eastern Aar Massif. Noncylindrical massif‐growth is likely to also affect other External Crystalline Massifs or orogens, but may be overlooked because studies often focus on single orogen‐perpendicular transects.
The Stress‐Memory Effect of Fracture Stiffness During Cyclic Loading in Low‐Permeability Sandstone
Authors: Kluge Christian , Blöcher Guido , Hofmann Hannes , Barnhoorn Auke , Schmittbuhl Jean , Bruhn David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe hydraulic performance and mechanical stability of open fractures are crucial for several subsurface applications including fractured geothermal reservoirs or nuclear waste repositories. Their hydraulic and mechanical properties (fluid flow and fracture stiffness) are both strongly dependent on the fracture geometry. Any change in effective stress impacts aperture and thus the ability of fractures to promote flow. Here, we carried out flow experiments with shear displaced tensile fractures in pre‐loaded, low‐permeability sandstones with two different cyclic loading scenarios with up to 60 MPa hydrostatic confining pressure. During “constant cyclic loading” (CCL) experiments, the fracture was repeatedly loaded to the same peak stress (up to 60 MPa). During “progressive cyclic loading” (PCL) experiments, the confining pressure was progressively increased in each cycle (up to 15, 30, 45, and 60 MPa). The matrix and fracture deformation was monitored using axial and circumferential LVDT extensometers to obtain the fracture stiffness. The fracture geometry before and after the experiment was compared by calculating the aperture distribution from 3D surface scans. Initial loading with confining pressure of the fracture leads to a linear fracture specific stiffness evolution. For any subsequent stress cycles fracture stiffness shifts to a nonlinear behavior. The transition is shown to be related to a stress memory effect, similar to the “Kaiser Effect” for acoustic emissions. Progressive loading of fractures possibly leads to less permeability reduction compared to continuous cyclic loading.