bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of breeds and number of whorls on phenotypic traits and correlations among giant African land snails in Nigeria
Authors: Okon B. , Ibom L. A. , Dauda A. , Bassey A. E. , Idiong N. B. , Onwuka P. O. 
Published: February 2021

Six hundred adult mature black-skinned snails with four and five whorls on the shellcomprising of 200 each of the breeds; Archachatina marginata, Achatina achatina and Achatina fulica were used for the study. Phenotypic traits measured from the snails included body weight (BDW), shell length (SHL), shell width (SHW), aperture length (APL), aperture width (APW), spiral length (SPL), spiral width (SPW), diagonal length (DAL), length between the aperture and first spiral (LAS). The data obtained were used to estimate simple statistics (mean, standard error and coefficient of variations) and correlation oefficients. The results showed high significant (p<0.01) breed effects on phenotypic traits as A.nmarginata snails with four (288.700g) and 5(394.500g) whorls were phenotypically and genotypically heavier, larger and wider than A. achatina (127.0g and 182.000g) and A. fulica (48.850g and 65.050g) with four and five whorls respectively. There were also high significant (p<0.01) disparity number of whorls effects on body weight and other phenotypic traits studied. There was only one strong, negative and significant (p<0.01) phenotypic correlation (r ) between SHL and LAS (r = – 0.650) recorded for A. achatina snails with four whorls while A. achatina snails with five whorls recorded few strong, negative and significant(P<0.01) phenotypic correlations between BDW and SHW (r = – 0.613), SHL and LAS (r = –0.641), SHW and APW (r = – 0.602). Similarly, A. fulica snails with four whorls recorded few strong, negative and significant (p<0.01) phenotypic correlations between BDW and SHW (r = – 0.627), SHL and APL (r = – 0.639), SHW and APW (r = – 0.657) and only one strong, negative and significant (p<0.01) phenotypic correlation between SHL and LAS (r = – 0.605) for A. fulica snails with five whorls. Again, Am snails with four whorls had only one strong, negative and significant(p<0.01) phenotypic correlation between BDW and SHL (r = – 0.720). The only two low, positive and significant (p<0.05) phenotypic correlations recorded in this study were between APL and APW ((r = 0.544) and between SPL and DAL (r = 0.583) for A. marginata snails with four and five whorls respectively. Thus, the breed type and number of whorls on snail shells strongly influenced estimates of phenotypic traits and correlation coefficients of giant African land snails in Nigeria. Also, that estimates of correlation coefficients of mature giant African land snails with higher whorls were (4 and 5) are scarcely strong, positive and significant. The study revealed and confirmed that A. marginata snails are phenotypically and genotypically heavier, larger and wider than A. achatina and A. fulica snails with 4 and 5 whorls. These estimates are recommended as strong and efficient tools for selection and up grading or improvement of giant African land snails genetic traits in Nigeria.
Feeding value of defatted cashew kernel as an alternative protein source in broiler diets
Authors: Akande T. O. , Gbadamosi F. A. 
Published: February 2021

This study was carried out to determine chemical composition of defatted cashew kernel cake (CKC) and cashew kernel oil (CKO), assess performance characteristics and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens fed diets containing two grades of CKC. In the study, 210, one-day old Arbor acre broiler chicks which were stabilized on commercial diets (23% CP and 2900kcal/kgME) for 2 weeks before introduced to the seven experimental diets were used. The experiment was laid out in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement which consisted of a control treatment without CKC while treatments 2, 3, 4 and 5, 6, 7consisted of 33.33%, 66.67% and 100% replacement of groundnut cake (GNC) with grade I and grade II CKC respectively. Digestibility trial was carried out at the end of eighth week of the study. Data on performance attributes and coefficient of nutrient digestibility were collected and analysed using a general linear model of SAS. The results of proximate composition showed no substantial difference in dry matter, crude protein, soluble and insoluble carbohydrate except ether extract. Caloric content in CKC was slightly higher than GNC. Both physical and chemical properties of the defatted cashew oil were similar to that of groundnut. The performance traits measured in terms of body weight gained, total feed intake and feed conversion were significantly (P<0.05) different across the treatments with birds on CKC showing superior performance than birds on GNC diet with 17.72% and 13.35% higher BWG in grade I and II respectively. Fat deposition was notably (P<0.05) higher in birds on CKC diets. Digestibility of nutrients indicated that the dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and crude fibre digestibility were significantly (P<0.05) affected across the treatments by the inclusion of CKC in the diets, while the Ash and NFE digestibility were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced. Economically, the use of CKC reduced the heightened cost of production by 9.1%. It can be concluded that grade I CKC could completely and favourably replace GNC in diets of chicken to improve growth, feed efficiency and to reduce the cost of feed per unit egg.
Biophysical, aestivation, Archachatina marginata, Archachatina papyracae, Achatina fulica
Authors: Asagba E. C. , Omoyakhi J. M. , Okhale O. E. 
Published: February 2021

The experiment was conducted to determine the changes in the biophysical parameters during starvation in three common species of land snails identified in Edo and Delta States. A total of 252 matured healthy snails comprising three species (Archachatina marginata, Archachatina papyracae and Achatina fulica) were used. A completely randomized design was used in a 3 x 4 factorial arrangement. At the end of two weeks acclimation period, feed and water were withdrawn for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Result shows that A. marginata has significantly (P<0.05) highest initial liveweight. A. papyracae had the least weight but was not significantly (P>0.05) different from the weight of A. fulica used in the study. During the 12 weeks of starvation, A. papyracae recorded the highest mortality rate of 24.58 %. A. marginata and A. fulica respectively recorded mortality rate of 9.05 and 6.52 %. A marginata reflected two stages of major weight decline; 2nd and 9th weeks. The A. papyracae and A. fulica however declined conspicuously only at the 1st week. The weight of the muscular foot which constitutes the edible portion of the three species decreased between 0, 4 and 8 weeks. There were no significant differences in weight in each of the three species. Twelveweeks aestivation eventually resulted in further and significant weight loss. The aestivation lengths did not affect the shell weight in the three species, except A. marginata with significant decline at the 12th week. This study indicates that A. marginata and A. fulica are bigger in size and more tolerant to extended starvation than A. papyracae.
Nigerian Fulani ecotype chickens - II – Estimation of growth curve parameters
Authors: Sanusi A. R. , Oseni S. O. 
Published: February 2021

In the study, growth curves of Nigerian Fulani ecotype chickens (NFEC) were modelled under two production systems with four non-linear growth functions with a view to establishing growth descriptors for NFEC. Two hundred, day-old chicks of NFEC were obtained from an established population of NFEC. The chickens were separated randomly to intensive and pastured poultry production systems at 12 weeks of age. Data on body weight were taken weekly over a period of 20 weeks. Four non-linear growth functions including Gompertz, Logistic, Bertalanffy and Richard's models were fitted using the NLIN procedure of SAS while the best fit model was selected using the goodness-of-fit tests. For all the models, parameter (A), the asymptotic weight, ranged between 1800g and 2417g for male and 1208g and 1550g for female chickens respectively. Parameter (B), the scaling parameter ranged from 0.77 and 19.79. Parameter K, which is the maturity index, ranged between 0.16 and 3.97 for both sexes. The R values ranged between 0.9689 and 0.9987 for all the models fitted. Gompertz and Bertalanffy models emerged as the best fit functions. Age and body weight at inflection of NFEC were also predicted by the study. Growth curve parameters of NFEC in the pastured poultry system were not significantly different from those in the intensive system. The growth curve parameters estimated indicates that NFEC growth performance can be improved through effective breeding strategies and improved management practices.
Evaluation of genetic similarity and distance among seven Clariid fish populations in Kano Rivers, Nigeria
Authors: Suleiman I. O , Kabir M. , Bolorunduro P. I. , Akinsola O. M. 
Published: February 2021

A population can only acquire new genes either through the immigration of individuals from surrounding populations. One of the greatest advantages of microsatellite marker is that DNA sequence information is needed to perform the assay. Thus, a study was carried out to evaluate genetic similarity and distance in strains of Clariid species (Clarias gariepinus and Heterobranchus longifilis). In achieving this, 25 blood samples were gotten from Clarias gariepinus and 10 from Heterobranchus longifilis for DNA extraction. DNA was extracted, amplified and scored using seven microsatellite markers. The markers were Cga01, Cga02, Cga03, Cga05, Cga06, Cga09 and Cga10. The gel images were then subjected to molecular analysis using Genalex software to determine their base pairs and evaluate their genetic variability. The populations examined were Clarias gariepinus of River Dudusingaya (CgD), Ghari (CgG), Thomas (CgT), Karaye (CgK), Bagwai (CgB); and Heterobranchus longifilis of River Bagwai (HlB) and Ghari (HlG). Among the populations sampled, the genetic similarity ranged from 0.018 for CgD and CgT populations to 0.079 for CgT and HlG populations. The genetic distance observed in the populations ranged from 0.112 for CgG and CgB populations to 0.998 for CgT and CgK populations. The Clariid species that were closer indicated that the river locations shared tributaries and the Clariid species exchanged genetic materials over a long period of time. On the other hand, those that were farther apart indicated that they shared little or no tributaries. It can be concluded that the studied populations were not genetically pure but heterogeneous with varying degrees of genetic similarity and distance therefore, there were no. exhibition of genetic uniqueness and the populations were not isolated.
Growth performance and blood profile of broiler chickens as influenced by oral administration of lime fruit (Citrus aurentifolia)
Authors: Aikpitanyi K. U. , Imasuen J. A. 
Published: February 2021

The study was aimed at investigating the effect of oral administration of lime fruit on growth performance, haematology and serum biochemistry in broiler chicken. A total of 150, one day-old unsexed broiler chickens of Anak 2000 strain, were used in a completely randomized design (CRD). The birds were randomly allotted to five treatments with each group having 30 birds, replicated three times to give 10 birds per replicate. Treatment 1 was the control and had no additive; Treatment 2, had 5 mL of lime juice per litre of water every day; Treatment 3, had 7.5g of diced whole lime fruit per litre of water every day; treatment 4, had 5mL of lime juice per litre of water in alternate day while Treatment 5, had 7.5g of diced whole lime fruit per litre of water in alternate day. The experimental trial was for six (6) weeks after a brooding period of two weeks. Significant differences were observed in the final weight, feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. Treatment 4 with 5mL of lime juice per litre of water in alternate day recorded better growth performance in the study, with weight gain and feed conversion ratio of 2963.35g/bird and 1.91, respectively. Results from haematological and serum biochemistry characteristics showed varied significant differences in some parameters. Haemoglobin values were between the range of 10.00g/dL in Treatment 3 and 11.80g/dL in Treatment 2. Total white blood cell (TWBC) was significantly highest in Treatment 2 (75.20 x103 /µL), and least in Treatment 3 (66.20 x103 /µL). Total plasma cholesterol was highest in the control treatment with 133mg/dL and the least value was obtained from Treatment 2 with 104mg/dL. The study supports the use of lime fruit (juice or whole fruit) to promote growth and blood characteristics of broiler chickens which ultimately contributes to the improvement of the bird's overall productivity.
The Archaeology of Mandate-Period Jaffa
Authors: Arbel Yoav 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTExcavations in Jaffa since the 1940s uncovered remains from the city's original inhabitation until the twentieth century. Investigation and analysis focused on the Middle Bronze II to the Byzantine periods. The later phases received far less attention. Ottoman and British Mandate layers were dug through with only basic documentation, if any, being considered irrelevant to archaeology. Yet, changing approaches proved the potential of the systematic study of architecture and artifacts from the recent past, despite and within related textual and illustrated information. Archaeological data provided new perspectives on Jaffa's fast transition from a small eastern Mediterranean backwater, economically dependent on farming and a deficient harbor, into a vibrant and cosmopolitan urban center. The tangible remains of the city's late nineteenth and early twentieth-century history attest to the unprecedented changes and ordeals the Holy Land as a whole experienced during that time.
The Arab Village of Qālūnyā
Authors: Kisilevitz Shua , Eirikh-Rose Anna , de Vincenz Anna , Peretz Assaf , Amitai-Preiss Nitzan , Wachtel Ido 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Salvage excavations on a slope near Jerusalem revealed parts of five buildings and many artifacts belonging to the Arab village of Qālūnyā, situated on the slope until its demise in 1948 and subsequent demolishing. The synchronization and synthesis of the archaeological finds with historical sources, such as landholding surveys, census registrations, maps, military reports, photographs, travelers' accounts, and memoirs written by local inhabitants and their descendants, together with the implementation of georeferencing tools, provide an opportunity to reconstruct a spatial outline of the village and to attribute sociopolitical and personal aspects to the inhabitants of the buildings that were found during the excavation.
An Architectural Survey of the “Mufti's House” in Qālūnyā/Motza
Authors: Saidel Benjamin Adam , Erickson-Gini Tali , Mashiah Avi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
This is a report of an architectural survey of the “Mufti's House” in Motza/Qālūnyā, Israel. The data is primarily drawn from Saidel and Erickson-Gini's 2019 survey; some information is also drawn from Mashiah's fieldwork in 2010. Historical images demonstrate that this compound was standing by 1906 and that it remained in use throughout the Mandate period. This compound was built using traditional Palestinian construction methods such as those described by Tawfiq Canaan. There is no obvious evidence for architectural modifications to this complex during the Mandate period. Historical records indicate that members of the Husseini family, including the Mufti, occupied this building throughout the Late Ottoman and British Mandate periods. This structure is an example of a summer or country house that was built by an elite Jerusalemite family.
Archaeological Evidence for the Production of Black Gaza Ware Pottery at the Former Arab Village of Faluja, Israel
Authors: Israel Yigal , Saidel Benjamin Adam 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Black and/or Gray Gaza Ware pottery is often found in archaeological contexts in the southern Levant and is broadly dated to the Ottoman and/or British Mandate periods. This ware was primarily made in Gaza, Khan Yunis, and Faluja. In 2002 Yigal Israel conducted an archaeological reconnaissance of Faluja and found archaeological evidence for the manufacture of this ware. He returned to this site in 2009 and excavated a kiln that was used to fire Black Gaza Ware pottery. This report describes his archaeological investigations at the former village Faluja.
Imperial Footprints
Authors: Chetrit Shlomi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
During the Arab Revolt in Mandate Palestine (1936–1939), the British army constructed numerous “picquets,” small field fortifications, within or nearby Arab villages. The soldiers and police who operated from these forts were tasked with countering insurgent activities and pacifiying the adjacent area. The remains of these picquets, still scattered throughout the Galillee and Samaria, can offer insight regarding the revolt and the British campaign against it and help researchers to better understand this seminal period in the history of the Holy Land.
Estrategia para innovar la expresión escrita a través del modelo de aprendizaje por esquemas
Authors: Sánchez Díaz María José , Flores López Eufemia Isabel 
Published: February 2021

Las dificultades de aprendizajes siempre están presentes en el ámbito educativo, por ello, se buscan soluciones a través estrategias didácticas que respondan a las distintas problemáticas. El siguiente artículo centra su estudio en validar el Modelo de Aprendizaje por Esquemas el cual está dirigido a resolver problemas de aprendizaje a través del estudio de los esquemas mentales; en este caso, se diseñó una estrategia didáctica basada en este modelo para evaluar el uso de sinónimos para la reescritura de cuentos nicaragüenses en estudiantes de séptimo grado. Esta investigación cuenta con una metodología diseñada bajo un enfoque cualitativo orientado en la estructuración de instrumentos para el proceso de investigación científica, clasificada también como Investigación acción, asimismo, con una metodología de análisis guiada por categorías y fragmentada en tres fases permitiendo presentar un trabajo organizado desde la propuesta, aplicación y resultados de la misma; estos últimos, se revelan en las conclusiones, las cuales detallan los cambios en los esquemas de aprendizaje en relación al alcance de la competencia de expresión escrita, puesto que, en un inicio proyectaron que solo un 26% completaron la tarea en un nivel intermedio debido a que se identificaron problemas de aprendizajes, mientras en la última fase el 37% completaron la tarea de forma correcta.
Participación de los estudiantes en la Jornada Universitaria de Desarrollo Científico
Authors: Carballo Palma Anielka Patricia 
Published: February 2021

La Jornada Universitaria de Desarrollo Científico (JUDC) se realiza año con año con el propósito de compartir las investigaciones realizadas por los estudiantes con la comunidad universitaria. Esta actividad es organizada por el Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Posgrado y Extensión Universitaria y coordinada por la Dirección de Investigación
50 anos do PPGCI IBICT: análise textual da produção científica com IRAMUTEQ
Authors: Souza Rosali Fernandez de , Carvalho Priscila Ramos , Ramos Marcos Gonçalves 
Published: February 2021

Introdução: Análise textual da produção científica dos 50 anos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Objetivo: Identificar os temas trabalhados nas pesquisas acadêmicas realizadas no programa de pós-graduação durante os seus 50 anos, em virtude da sua representatividade como primeiro curso de mestrado em Ciência da Informação no Brasil. Metodologia: Pesquisa empírica a partir da coleta de dados de dissertações e teses, em reportórios institucionais (CAPES, BDTD, RIDI, Pantheon e RIUFF), para análise textual através do programa IRaMuTeQ e discussão com base na revisão bibliográfica e documental. Resultados: Foram analisados 752 títulos e 454 resumos de teses (169) e dissertações (583) que apresentaram como principais abordagens temáticas: usos e efeitos da informação; metrias da informação; estudos sobre instituições sediadas no Rio de Janeiro; perspectivas teóricas e conceituais na Ciência da Informação. Conclusões: O estudo espera contribuir para o conhecimento histórico da Ciência da Informação no Brasil.
Wybrane genetyczne przyczyny poronień
Authors: Łazarczyk Ewelina , Pasińska Magdalena , Osmańska-Załuska Katarzyna , Haus Olga 
Published: February 2021

Streszczenie
Około 15–25% ciąż kończy się poronieniem samoistnym, czyli wydaleniem z organizmu matki zarodka bądź płodu o masie poniżej 500 g lub przed 20. tygodniem trwania ciąży. Ustalenie etiologii poronień jest trudne ze względu na jej heterogenny charakter. Przyczyną 38,6–80% poronień są zmiany stwierdzane w chromosomach. Największą grupą (93%) aberracji chromosomowych w kariotypie poronionych płodów są zmiany liczbowe – aneuploidie i poliploidie. 7% stanowią niezrównoważone zmiany strukturalne chromosomów, powstałe de novo lub odziedziczone od rodzica nosiciela. U par z poronieniami najczęściej stwierdza się translokacje chromosomowe wzajemne (TCW), rzadziej translokacje robertsonowskie oraz inwersje. Bardziej złożone nieprawidłowości chromosomowe, np. podwójne aneuploidie, stwierdza się u 3,8% płodów. Inną grupą przyczyn poronień, są choroby monogenowe zarodka lub płodu, powstające w wyniku mutacji autosomalnych dominujących lub recesywnych albo mutacji sprzężonych z chromosomem X. Wśród mutacji mogących się przyczynić do utraty ciąży znajdują się m.in. mutacja typu Leiden (c.1601G>A, dawniej 1691G>A) w genie czynnika V krzepnięcia osoczowego i mutacja w genie protrombiny (c.97G>A, dawniej 20210G>A). Nadal prowadzone są badania nad mutacjami genów kandydujących, m.in.: ALOX15, CR1, CYP1A1, CYP17, CYP2D6, FOXP3, HLA-G, IL-6, KHDC3L, NLRP7, NOS3, PLK4, SYCP3, TLR3, TNF, TP35 i VEGFA.
Nanocząstki o wysokiej zawartości boru jako potencjalne nośniki w terapii borowo-neutronowej*
Authors: Wróblewska Anna , Szermer-Olearnik Bożena , Pajtasz-Piasecka Elżbieta 
Published: February 2021

Streszczenie
Podstawą terapii borowo-neutronowej (boron neutron capture therapy, BNCT) jest selektywne dostarczenie boru do komórek nowotworowych, a następnie napromienienie zmienionego chorobowo miejsca wiązką neutronów. W wyniku tego procesu dochodzi do rozszczepienia jądra izotopu 10B, co powoduje uwolnienie energii niszczącej komórki nowotworowe. Mimo że badania związane z BNCT trwają od lat 50. XX wieku, pozostaje ona wciąż terapią eksperymentalną. Jest to związane m.in. z brakiem nośników umożliwiających szybkie i skuteczne wprowadzanie 10B do środowiska nowotworu. Tak więc często podnoszonym zagadnieniem i jednym z głównych wyzwań dla rozwoju BNCT, jest poszukiwanie selektywnych związków dostarczających wymaganą ilość tego pierwiastka. Istotnym aspektem są badania nad nanometrycznymi strukturami, takimi jak liposomy zawierające związki bogate w bor lub nieorganiczne nanocząstki – węglik boru czy azotek boru. Ze względu na dużą zawartość boru oraz możliwość modyfikacji powierzchni tych nanocząstek, mogą się one okazać wyjątkowo atrakcyjnym narzędziem w celowanej BNCT. Równie ważnym problemem tej terapii jest opracowanie precyzyjnych powiązań między źródłem neutronów, specyfiką wiązki a rodzajem zastosowanego nośnika. W artykule wskazujemy na wysoki potencjał związków bogatych w bor jako nośników w celowanej terapii borowo-neutronowej.