bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Videosprechstunde als Modell der Akzeptanz digitaler Leistungen im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Hoch Paula , Arets Jana 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Erfordernis einer flächendeckenden Gesundheitsversorgung stellt das Gesundheitswesen aktuell vor eine große Herausforderung. Genauer sollte die Digitalisierung in der Versorgungsstruktur stärker forciert werden, um dem Druck des demografischen Wandels in der Gesellschaft, der Globalisierung der Wirtschaft und des medizinisch-technischen Fortschritts standzuhalten. Doch digitale Leistungen aus dem Bereich der Telemedizin erfordern dazu die Akzeptanz auf Seiten der Patienten sowie der Ärzte als eine zentrale Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Etablierung. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden Patienten, die ehemals wegen Rückenschmerzen in Behandlung waren, zur Akzeptanz der Nutzung einer Videosprechstunde befragt. Mit Vorerfahrungen im beruflichen oder privaten Bereich fiel die Akzeptanz, unabhängig vom Alter der Patienten, höher aus als ohne vorherige Berührungspunkte mit digitalen Leistungen. Im Kontext der während der Befragung herrschenden Covid-19-Pandemie zeigten die Patienten dennoch eine hohe Bereitschaft zur Nutzung einer Videosprechstunde, obwohl die tatsächliche vorherige Teilnehmeranzahl an Online-Sprechstunden äußerst gering ausfiel. Zurückführbar wäre dies auf das fehlende Angebot der Ärzte, welches durch unzureichende Möglichkeiten aufgrund von einer einschränkenden rechtlichen Ausgangssituation begründet sein könnte. Die positiven Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre mit Verabschiedungen des eHealth-Gesetzes (2015) und des Digitale-Versorgung-Gesetzes (2020) können nun helfen, den Digitalisierungsprozess im deutschen Gesundheitssystem weiterzuentwickeln.
Der hybride Therapieansatz bei Hüft- und Kniearthrose: Eine Pilotstudie zu einem neuartigen Versorgungskonzept
Authors: Hirthammer Rebecca , Breitkopf Annika , Hollmann Michael , Schifferdecker-Hoch Frank 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungArthrose gilt als häufigste Gelenkerkrankung, und im Hinblick auf den demografischen Wandel kann von einem weiteren Anstieg der Prävalenz ausgegangen werden. Dies bedeutet nicht nur eine Verminderung der Lebensqualität betroffener Menschen, sondern führt vor allem durch eine vermehrte Inanspruchnahme der Leistungen des Gesundheitssystems zu erheblichen volkswirtschaftlichen Kosten. Herrscht in medizinischen Leitlinien Einigkeit darüber, dass ein angepasstes Trainingsprogramm sowohl eine Schmerzreduktion erreichen als auch die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen verbessern kann, so scheinen Aufbau und Form eines Therapiekonzepts nicht klar definiert zu sein. Die vorliegende Untersuchung befasst sich daher mit den Auswirkungen einer hybriden Therapieform und versucht, diesen Ansatz als wirksames Instrument umfassend zu begründen.
Acute Cardiovascular Responses to Self-selected Intensity Exercise in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kanegusuku Hélcio , Cucato Gabriel Grizzo , Longano Paulo , Okamoto Erika , Piemonte Maria Elisa Pimentel , Correia Marilia Almeida , Ritti-Dias Raphael Mendes 
Published: August 2021

AbstractParkinson’s disease patients frequently present cardiovascular dysfunction. Exercise with a self-selected intensity has emerged as a new strategy for exercise prescription aiming to increase exercise adherence. Thus, the current study evaluated the acute cardiovascular responses after a session of aerobic exercise at a traditional intensity and at a self-selected intensity in Parkinson’s disease patients. Twenty patients (≥ 50 years old, Hoehn & Yahr 1–3 stages) performed 3 experimental sessions in random order: Traditional session (cycle ergometer, 25 min, 50 rpm, 60–80% maximum heart rate); Self-selected intensity: (cycle ergometer, 25 min, 50 rpm with self-selected intensity); and Control session (resting for 25 min). Before and after 30 min of intervention, brachial and central blood pressure (auscultatory method and pulse wave analysis, respectively), cardiac autonomic modulation (heart rate variability), and arterial stiffness (pulse wave analysis) were evaluated. Brachial and central systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and the augmentation index increased after the control session, whereas no changes were observed after the exercise sessions (P<0.01). Pulse wave velocity and cardiac autonomic modulation parameters did not change after the three interventions. In conclusion, a single session of traditional intensity or self-selected intensity exercises similarly blunted the increase in brachial and central blood pressure and the augmentation index compared to a non-exercise control session in Parkinson’s disease patients.
Management of an Accidental Ingestion of a Manual Screwdriver in Implant Dentistry: A Case Report
Authors: Musu Davide , Mameli Antonello , Carreras Pierpaolo , Boero Gian Nicola 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIngestion of foreign bodies in dentistry represents an uncommon but possible event and can be life-threatening. An 82-year-old patient presented at our attention for an implant-supported rehabilitation of the maxillary arch. During the placement of the fixed prosthesis, the manual screwdriver was swallowed by the patient. From the moment of the accident, the patient did not develop any symptoms and was monitored for the following days. The instrument was not recovered within 3 days, thus a series of consecutive abdominal X-rays were performed revealing that the screwdriver was located at the level of ileocecal valve with no signs of progression. The screwdriver was removed with colonoscopy under sedation. During this treatment, a polyp was discovered and excised revealing a tubulovillous adenoma depicting low-grade dysplasia. To prevent such accidents, screwdrivers in implant dentistry should be secured with ligatures, or replaced with longer torque control wrenches.
Fracture Resistance of Teeth with Truss Endodontic Access: An In Vitro Study and Literature Review
Authors: Karobari Mohmed Isaqali , Abdul Aziz Ahmad Fareez , Makandar Saleem D. , Abdul Ghani Nik Rozainah Nik , Halim Mohamad Syahrizal , Noorani Tahir Yusuf 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective This article evaluates the fracture resistance of teeth with different endodontic access cavities and conducts literature review on the effects of truss endodontic cavity.
Material and Methods Eighty human mandibular first molars were assigned randomly to four groups (n = 20); group 1: truss access cavity (TrussAC); group 2: conservative access cavity (ConsAC); group 3: traditional access cavity (TradAC); and group 4: served as control (no access). Accesses were prepared in groups 1 to 3, respectively. Endodontic treatment was performed on all accessed teeth and composite restoration placed. Teeth in all groups were loaded until fracture using a mechanical testing machine. The maximum load at fracture and patterns of fracture were recorded. Additionally, a literature search was performed on studies related to TrussAC and its importance.
Statistical Analysis Fracture strengths were compared using one-way analysis of variance complemented by Bonferroni test. Fracture patterns were analyzed using chi-square test.
Results TradAC showed significantly lower mean load at fracture than TrussAC, ConsAC, and intact teeth. Fracture resistance of teeth with TrussAC and ConsAC was not significantly different. All three test groups showed significantly more frequent unrestorable fractures. The literature review revealed that TrussAC did not improve the fracture strength significantly; however, pulp chamber debridement was significantly impaired.
Conclusion TrussAC improved the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth, but not significantly as compared to ConsAC. Restorable fractures were more in intact teeth compared with all prepared ones.
Practical Aspects of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children
Authors: Bernal Byron 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has become a broadly accepted presurgical mapping tool for pediatric populations with brain pathology. The aim of this article is to provide general guidelines on the pragmatic aspects of performing and processing fMRI, as well as interpreting its results across children of all age groups. Based on the author's accumulated experience of more than 20 years on this specific field, these guidelines consider many factors that include the particular physiology and anatomy of the child's brain, and how specific peculiarities may pose disadvantages or even certain advantages when performing fMRI procedures. The author carefully details the various challenges that the practitioner might face in dealing with limited volitional behavior and language comprehension of infants and small children and remedial strategies. The type and proper choice of task-based paradigms in keeping with the age and performance of the patient are discussed, as well as the appropriate selection and dosage of sedative agents and their inherent limitations. Recommendations about the scanner and settings for specific sequences are provided, as well as the required devices for appropriate stimulus delivery, response, and motion control. Practical aspects of fMRI postprocessing and quality control are discussed. Finally, given the relevance of resting-state-fMRI for use in noncooperative patients, a praxis-oriented guide to obtain, classify, and understand the spontaneous neural networks (utilizing independent component analysis) is also provided. The article concludes with a thorough discussion about the possible pitfalls at different stages of the fMRI process.
Childhood Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis Associated with COVID-19: A Case Report
Authors: Bekhit Osama E. , Alfatani Abdulelah A. , Eid Mahmoud H.R. , Mohamed Shereen A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrimary immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is one the most common childhood vasculitis. A 5-year and 10-month-old girl child patient presented with confluent palpable purple red rash, mainly over both ankles. This was associated with edematous, tender ankles, limited range of movement, and inability to walk. A concomitant coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was documented by nasopharyngeal swab. This case suggested that COVID-19 can trigger IgAV in children. Hence, awareness of COVID-19 infection in IgAV should be present, and it may be useful to investigate COVID-19 as one of the causes of IgAV, especially in the presence of an epidemic.
Vascularized Bone Grafting in the Treatment of Scaphoid Nonunion: A Clinical and Functional Outcome Study
Authors: Çolak İlker , Akgün Emrecan , Kılıç Zülfü , Özel Murat 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background A malreduction or missed scaphoid fracture may lead to nonunion or avascular necrosis (AVN). The aim of this study was to analyze the radiological and clinical outcome of patients with scaphoid nonunion (SN), who were treated with 1,2-intercompartmental supraretinacular artery pedicled vascularized bone graft (1,2-ICSRA-VBG) fixed with K-wires or screws between 2014 and 2018.
Methods Radiological assessment included posteroanterior, lateral, oblique, and angled posteroanterior projection. The wrist active joint range of motion was assessed with a universal goniometer, and grip and pinch strength with a dynamometer. The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire was used to evaluate functionality. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (v16.0).
Results A total of 68 patients (65 male) with a mean age 29.7 ± 8.5 years were evaluated in the study, and union was achieved in 55 (81%). A total of 45 (66%) patients had scaphoid waist fracture and 48 (71%) had AVN. Fixation was achieved with K-wires in 48 of the patients, and with screw in 20. The mean length of follow-up was 31.6 ± 14.6 (12–72) months. The mean radioulnar range of motion and DASH scores improved significantly after treatment (p < 0.001, p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusions The findings of this study showed that scaphoid unions can be treated successfully with high rates of union using the 1,2-ICSRA-VBG. This surgical technique requires special surgical experience. The functional outcome of patients improved after treatment, although smoking was found to be an important factor affecting functional results.
Increased plasmin-mediated proteolysis of L1CAM in a mouse model of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Yang Dejun , Yang Hongwei , Luiselli Gabrielle , Ogagan Charles , Dai Huijun , Chiu Lucinda , Carroll Rona S. , Johnson Mark D. 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is the most common form of adult-onset hydrocephalus, but its etiology is poorly understood. Symptoms develop in previously normal individuals and include gait difficulty, incontinence, and dementia. We recently reported that 15% of iNPH patients harbor heterozygous loss-of-function deletions in CWH43, which encodes a protein that modifies other cell membrane proteins. Mice harboring CWH43 deletions develop hydrocephalus and gait dysfunction. Mutations affecting the L1CAM adhesion protein cause developmental brain abnormalities and hydrocephalus from birth. Here, we show that CWH43 deletion leads to L1CAM hypoglycosylation, decreased L1CAM association with lipid microdomains, increased plasmin-mediated L1CAM cleavage, and decreased L1CAM expression. Thus, decreased L1CAM expression appears to occur in adult-onset iNPH and congenital hydrocephalus.
Wheat value chains in Malawi: trends, gaps, challenges and opportunities
Authors: Guwela Veronica F. , Maliro Moses F.A. , Joy Edward J.M. , Tang Kevin , Bokosi James , Hawkesford Malcolm J. , Broadley Martin R. , King Julie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Wheat (
Tritcum aestivum
L.) is an important cereal crop, consumed by over 2.5 billion people globally. The current demand for wheat in Malawi is estimated to be 200,000 tonnes/year with a projected growth in consumption of 3%–6% annually. We reviewed literature and databases on wheat production, imports, processing and consumption to describe current wheat value chains in Malawi, and to identify possible future economic and food security opportunities. The current gap between the supply and demand of wheat in Malawi is large with 99% imported due to low domestic production. The main actors in the value chain include importers, millers, bakeries, biscuit manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers. In total, 45% of milled flour is utilised by commercial bakeries, 46% is distributed to rural and urban outlets and biscuit manufacturers utilise 9%. Although there is no information on wheat exports between 2016 and 2019, FAOSTAT crop database and the ITC Trade Map databases show small quantities of wheat flour exports prior to 2016. Production constraints include the lack of a national wheat development strategy, lack of stable markets, unavailability of improved varieties, low input use and limited knowledge in the management of wheat crop. Currency devaluation and limited forex reserves further affect the annual import volumes and prices of wheat flour on the domestic market. We conclude that domestic production and wider value chain opportunities could be increased through policy support, including research for development, expansion of production into non-traditional wheat growing areas, investing in irrigation and developing market systems.
Modulation of dynamics in a pre-existing hippocampal network by neural stem cells on a microelectrode array
Authors: Moriya Fumika , Shimba Kenta , Kotani Kiyoshi , Jimbo Yasuhiko 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are continuously produced throughout life in the hippocampus, which is a vital structure for learning and memory. NSCs in the brain incorporate into the functional hippocampal circuits and contribute to processing information. However, little is known about the mechanisms of NSCs’ activity in a pre-existing neuronal network. Here, we investigate the role of NSCs in the neuronal activity of a pre-existing hippocampal in vitro network grown on microelectrode arrays. Approach. We assessed the change in internal dynamics of the network by additional NSCs based on spontaneous activity. We also evaluated the networks’ ability to discriminate between different input patterns by measuring evoked activity in response to external inputs. Main results. Analysis of spontaneous activity revealed that additional NSCs prolonged network bursts with longer intervals, generated a lower number of initiating patterns, and decreased synchronization among neurons. Moreover, the network with NSCs showed higher synchronicity in close connections among neurons responding to external inputs and a larger difference in spike counts and cross-correlations during evoked response between two different inputs. Taken together, our results suggested that NSCs alter the internal dynamics of the pre-existing hippocampal network and produce more specific responses to external inputs, thus enhancing the ability of the network to differentiate two different inputs. Significance. We demonstrated that NSCs improve the ability to distinguish external inputs by modulating the internal dynamics of a pre-existing network in a hippocampal culture. Our results provide novel insights into the relationship between NSCs and learning and memory.
Synthesis of a new phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant and its application to polypropylene
Authors: Jinfeng Li , Wei Jiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
a new halogen-free phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant (FR) was synthesized from triethylenetetramine, phosphorous acid, urea and other raw materials. Thermogravimetric(TG) analysis suggested that FR had good thermal stability, there was still 16.3% carbon residue at 800 °C. When the content of FR is 30%, the LOI of flame retardant composites (FR-PP) is improved from 18.0% to 25.4%, reaching the V-0 level of UL-94. SEM(Scanning electron microscope) and EDS (Energy dispersive spectrometer) results indicated that FR was successfully put on PP. The mechanical test showed that the tensile strength of FR-PP decreased from 20.8MPa to 13.1MPa, and the notched impact strength decreased from 34.5kJ/m2 to 31.6kJ/m2.
Dynamic Tunable Plasma-Induced Transparency of Periodic Images Of Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Xie Hanbin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Metamaterials are synthetic special structural units, usually in the wavelength or subwavelength range. When the incident light is coupled with the structural element, the free electrons on the surface can generate surface plasmons under the periodic drive of electromagnetic wave. In this paper, we mainly study the transparency of dynamically adjustable plasma-induced periodic graphical graphene nanoribbons. This paper discusses the geometric parameters that affect the variation of PIT. The gap distance G and the disc moving distance S can change the coupling strength of the light and dark modes, and the variation of coupling strength can adjust the transparency and frequency band width of PIT window. The Fermi energy of graphene can be changed by adjusting the electrical conductivity of graphene, and the change of Fermi energy can also regulate the PIT effect.
Research on the Influence of 3D Printing Speed of External Special-Shaped Parts
Authors: Lianghua Zeng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In view of the current situation that traditional processing methods are difficult to manufacture external special-shaped parts, and combined with the advantages of 3D printing technology, the thesis conducts a research on the 3D printing speed of external special-shaped parts. According to the elements of the two-dimensional cross-sectional profile, a four-jaw part model with certain structural characteristics is designed. In the experiment, the effect of changing the printing speed on the printing accuracy is discussed. Using the two-dimensional measurement method, the size and error rate of the size error at different printing speeds are calculated. The research is carried out on the basis of experiments, and a certain theoretical analysis is carried out on the experimental results, which can provide a certain reference for the 3D printing research of special-shaped parts.
Study on the Preparation of Al2O3/Al-15Si-4Mg composite material
Authors: Zhao Yingfan , Yan Zelin , Li Tieshuai , Gao Jing , Tong Weiping 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this research, microstructure refinement treatment was carried out by adding different content of lanthanum to Al-15Si-4Mg alloy. The effect of heat treatment process on the alloy after metamorphism was studied, and the optimal performance matrix was selected for A12O3/Al composite research. The results show that La has good metamorphism effect on Al-15Si-4Mg alloy. With the increase of La metamorphic agent content, the eutectic silicon structure was obviously refined. When the La content reached 1wt.%, the refining effect was the best. The hardness of the alloy was 111HBS. When the optimum amount of La was 1wt.%, the XRD phase and EDS spectrum analysis show that the alloy without modification was mainly composed of Al, Si and Mg2Si, and the metamorphic alloy also forms a rich La phase. The mechanical properties can be significant improved by the heat treatment process. After the heat treatment, the acicular structure of the eutectic silicon structure became smooth and smooth, which reduced the splitting effect on the aluminum matrix. The hardness was 113HBS. The toughness of the material can be significantly improved by the heat treatment process. The sample with 1wt.% La was selected as the matrix of the A12O3/Al composite. A12O3 Al was prepared by liquid sintering method and no rich La phase but MgAl2O4 was found near the interface which is well reactivate wetted.
Effect of Fe Content on the Microstructure and Properties of Hot-extruded 6061 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Wu Yanda , Wang Hongfei , Ban Chunyan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The effect of Fe content on the microstructure and properties of Hot-extruded 6061 aluminum alloy was investigated. The results show that the recrystallization process can be effectively inhibited by increasing Fe content appropriately, and consequently affect the grain refinement. After hot extrusion, the iron-rich phase in 6061 aluminum alloy was broken, and fragmented phases are distributed along extrusion direction. After T4 and T6 heat treatment, a large amount of fragmented α-Al(FeMnCr)Si and Mg2Si phases are distributed for the sample with 0.3% content of Fe element. After T6 treatment, the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the 0.3%Fe-contenting sample are 298.95MPa, 337.43MPa and 17.88%, respectively. Compared with the hot extruded sample, its tensile strength is significantly increased, about 74.1%, but without noticeable sacrifice of its elongation.