bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Norse Feedback in a population of patients undergoing bariatric surgery—Psychometric properties of a digital computer‐adaptive questionnaire assessing mental health
Authors: Hegland Pål A. , McAleavey Andrew , Aasprang Anny , Moltu Christian , Kolotkin Ronette L. , Andersen John Roger 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe Norse Feedback (NF) is a questionnaire developed for patient‐reported outcome monitoring with a clinical feedback system (PRO/CFS). As mental health is a concern after bariatric surgery, the use of the NF as part of PRO/CFS may be beneficial. The aim of this study is to test the reliability and validity of the NF in patients who have been accepted for or have undergone bariatric surgery. We performed separate robust confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) to test the unidimensionality on 19 of the NF scales. We also performed correlation analyses on 19 of the NF scales with the Obesity‐related Problems scale (OP). We included 213 patients. In the CFA analyses, three out of 12 scales with four or more items showed satisfactory psychometric properties in all goodness of fit indices (Suicidality, Need for Control and Self‐Criticism). Four scales showed satisfactory psychometric properties in all indices but RMSEA (Somatic Anxiety, Substance Use, Social Safety and Cognitive Problems). Several of the scales demonstrated floor effects. In the correlation analyses, 18 of the 19 scales showed small‐to‐moderate correlation coefficients with the OP. Our demonstration of satisfactory psychometric properties on several important scales of the NF suggests that this tool may prove valuable in the routine follow‐up of mental health in this population. However, further work is needed to innovate the NF for patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
What are the factors affecting the recovery rate of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid?
Authors: Shikano Kohei , Abe Mitsuhiro , Shiko Yuki , Tsushima Kenji , Yoshioka Keiichiro , Ishiwata Tsukasa , Kawasaki Takeshi , Ikari Jun , Terada Jiro , Kawasaki Yohei , Tatsumi Koichiro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundBronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a useful examination for the evaluation of interstitial lung disease. A high BAL fluid (BALF) recovery rate is desirable because low recovery rates lead to inaccurate diagnoses and increased adverse events. Few studies have explored whether BALF recovery rates are influenced by clinical factors.ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the clinical parameters affecting the recovery rates of BALF and the extent of their effects.MethodData from patients who underwent BAL at the Chiba University Hospital between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. BAL was performed with three aliquots of 50‐ml physiological saline. The potential association of the BALF recovery rate with clinical parameters such as age, sex, smoking status, underlying disease, bronchus used for the procedure and pulmonary function, was analysed.ResultsEight hundred twenty‐six patients had undergone BAL. The average recovery rate was 52.4%. Factors affecting BALF recovery rates included male sex (odds ratio [OR]: 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20–0.53, p < 0.001); age ≥ 65 years (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.33–0.76, p < 0.001); use of the left bronchus (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.30–0.71, p = 0.001) and bronchi other than the middle lobe bronchus or lingula (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.25–0.65, p < 0.001); and forced expiratory volume in 1 s divided by forced vital capacity <80% (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.40–1.00, p < 0.001).ConclusionSex, age, bronchus used for the procedure and pulmonary function may be useful as pre‐procedural predictors of BALF recovery rates.
Gianotti‐Crosti syndrome‐like reaction to molluscum contagiosum–Clinical characteristics and response to treatment
Authors: Bürgler Christina , Weibel Lisa , Schwieger‐Briel Agnes , Knöpfel Nicole , Luchsinger Isabelle , Theiler Martin 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBackground and objectivesMolluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common viral infection. Hypersensitivity reactions reminiscent of Gianotti‐Crosti syndrome, termed Gianotti‐Crosti syndrome‐like reaction (GCLR), have been reported in a subset of patients. We report a series of patients with GCLR, better delineating its clinical presentation and course.Patients and methodsRetrospective chart review of all children presenting with GCLR at our Pediatric Skin Center between 2015 and 2020.Results26 children (14 boys) with a median age of 6.5 (3–11.3) years were included. GCLR involved the extensor surfaces of the extremities in all patients. More widespread eruptions also affected the trunk and face in 7 (27 %) and 6 (23 %) children respectively. Involvement of the skin overlying the Achilles tendons was a new finding in 4 (15 %) children. Itch was the predominant symptom in 20 (77 %) patients. The rash responded to topical and/or systemic corticosteroids and resolved within four weeks. GCLR was followed by clearance of MC in all patients within 9 (4–24) weeks.ConclusionsGCLR is a characteristic acute, wide‐spread, pruritic papular eruption, which often leads to emergency consultations and anxiety in affected patients. GCLR responds well to corticosteroid treatment, has a benign course, and heralds the healing of MC.
CADASIL in Greece: Mutational spectrum and clinical characteristics based on a systematic review and pooled analysis of published cases
Authors: Paraskevas George P. , Stefanou Maria Ioanna , Constantinides Vasilios C. , Bakola Eleni , Chondrogianni Maria , Giannopoulos Sotirios , Kararizou Evangelia , Boufidou Fotini , Zompola Christina , Tsantzali Ioanna , Theodorou Aikaterini , Palaiodimou Lina , Vikelis Michail , Lachanis Stefanos , Papathanasiou Matilda , Bakirtzis Christos , Koutroulou Ioanna , Karapanayiotides Theodoros , Xiromerisiou Georgia , Kapaki Elisabeth , Tsivgoulis Georgios 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundDifferences have been noted in the clinical presentation and mutational spectrum of CADASIL among various geographical areas. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mode of clinical presentation and genetic mutations reported in Greece.MethodsAfter a systematic literature search, we performed a pooled analysis of all published CADASIL cases from Greece.ResultsWe identified 14 studies that reported data from 14 families comprising 54 patients. Migraine with aura was reported in 39%, ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in 68%, behavioral‐psychiatric symptoms in 47% and cognitive decline in 60% of the patients. The mean (±SD) age of onset for migraine with aura, ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, behavioral‐psychiatric symptoms and cognitive decline was 26.2 ± 8.7, 49.3 ± 14.6, 47.9 ± 9.4 and 42.9 ± 10.3, respectively; the mean age at disease onset and death was 34.6 ± 12.1 and 60.2 ± 11.2 years. With respect to reported mutations, mutations in exon 4 were the most frequently reported (61.5% of all families), with the R169C mutation being the most common (30.8% of all families and 50% of exon 4 mutations), followed by R182C mutation (15.4% of all families and 25% of exon 4 mutations).ConclusionsThe clinical presentation of CADASIL in Greece is in accordance with the phenotype encountered in Caucasian populations, but differs from the Asian phenotype, which is characterized by a lower prevalence of migraine and psychiatric symptoms. The genotype of Greek CADASIL pedigrees is similar to that of British pedigrees, exhibiting a high prevalence of exon 4 mutations, but differs from Italian and Asian populations, where mutations in exon 11 are frequently encountered.
Law and gendered labour market segmentation
Authors: FUDGE Judy , MUNDLAK Guy 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article captures the shared understanding in the literature of labour law's interaction with gender, distinguishing between law's different functions – constituting labour market institutions, sustaining them, addressing unwarranted outcomes and transforming the institutions. Constituted, in part, by law, the standard employment relationship and the institutions of formal employment have segmenting gendered effects. While legal norms designed to correct these effects are important, they also sustain them. The authors argue for a transformative alternative that would follow two general principles in designing new labour standards, namely, universalization of scope and adaptive content in the interests of differently situated women and men.
Community predictors of COVID‐19 cases and deaths in Massachusetts: Evaluating changes over time using geospatially refined data
Authors: Spangler Keith R. , Patil Prasad , Peng Xiaojing , Levy Jonathan I. , Lane Kevin J. , Tieskens Koen F. , Carnes Fei , Klevens R. Monina , Erdman Elizabeth A. , Troppy T. Scott , Fabian M. Patricia , Leibler Jessica H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has highlighted the need for targeted local interventions given substantial heterogeneity within cities and counties. Publicly available case data are typically aggregated to the city or county level to protect patient privacy, but more granular data are necessary to identify and act upon community‐level risk factors that can change over time.MethodsIndividual COVID‐19 case and mortality data from Massachusetts were geocoded to residential addresses and aggregated into two time periods: “Phase 1” (March–June 2020) and “Phase 2” (September 2020 to February 2021). Institutional cases associated with long‐term care facilities, prisons, or homeless shelters were identified using address data and modeled separately. Census tract sociodemographic and occupational predictors were drawn from the 2015–2019 American Community Survey. We used mixed‐effects negative binomial regression to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs), accounting for town‐level spatial autocorrelation.ResultsCase incidence was elevated in census tracts with higher proportions of Black and Latinx residents, with larger associations in Phase 1 than Phase 2. Case incidence associated with proportion of essential workers was similarly elevated in both Phases. Mortality IRRs had differing patterns from case IRRs, decreasing less substantially between Phases for Black and Latinx populations and increasing between Phases for proportion of essential workers. Mortality models excluding institutional cases yielded stronger associations for age, race/ethnicity, and essential worker status.ConclusionsGeocoded home address data can allow for nuanced analyses of community disease patterns, identification of high‐risk subgroups, and exclusion of institutional cases to comprehensively reflect community risk.
Exponential neighborhood search for consecutive block minimization
Authors: Haddadi Salim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGiven binary matrix , the term refers to the matrix obtained by permuting the columns of according to permutation . A 1‐block in a binary matrix is any maximal sequence of consecutive 1s situated on the same row. Given binary matrix , consecutive block minimization (CBM) is a combinatorial optimization problem that seeks a permutation of columns such that the number of 1‐blocks in is minimum. Since CBM is NP‐hard, we solve it by iterating local search where the neighborhood is exponential in the instance size and is always constructed in the vicinity of the best current solution. Seeking a local optimum in the exponential neighborhood amounts to solving a small traveling salesman problem (TSP). Instead, we obtain a good near local optimal solution using an implementation of Lin–Kernighan heuristic. Our method is compared with a recently published iterated local search metaheuristic as well as with two TSP solvers. The comparison shows that the proposed method provides better quality solutions.
Effect of annealing on grain growth and Y segregation behavior in tetragonal ZrO2 thin film
Authors: Nakade Hiroaki , Tochigi Eita , Feng Bin , Ishikawa Ryo , Ohta Hiromichi , Shibata Naoya , Ikuhara Yuichi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn order to fabricate tetragonal yttria stabilized zirconia samples with large grain size, 3 mol% Y2O3 doped zirconia thin films were grown on (0001) α‐Al2O3 substrate by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) followed by subsequent high temperature annealing. The thin film samples were annealed at 1200°C, 1250°C, 1300°C, and 1350°C in order to obtain larger grain size without Y segregation. The microstructure and chemical composition of these annealed films were analyzed using atomic force microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The as‐grown thin film was found to be composed of [111]‐oriented grains of ∼100 nm connected with small‐angle tilt boundaries. Based on analysis of annealed thin films, it was revealed that grain growth of tetragonal zirconia occurred anisotropically. Cross section scanning transmission electron microscopy observations revealed that such grain growth behavior is affected by the step‐terrace structures of the sapphire substrate. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy showed that Y was found to distribute almost uniformly below 1300°C but to segregate at the grain boundaries at 1350°C. As a conclusion, the 1300°C‐annealed sample shows the largest grain size with homogeneous Y distributions.
Agricultural landscape affects sex‐specific differences in the abundance of Drosophila suzukii in raspberry orchards
Authors: de Groot Maarten , Rak Cizej Magda , Kavčič Andreja , Modic Špela , Poličnik Franček , Šramel Nina , Žigon Primož , Razinger Jaka 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn recent decades, the spotted wing Drosophila (SWD) (Drosophila suzukii), an invasive pest, has caused a great deal of damage to fruit crops. There is therefore an urgent need to develop strategies to control the populations of this species. It has been found that the landscape context can buffer or increase the severity of pest outbreaks in agriculture, and it is important to understand how this process works in SWD for all crops. Given this background, we investigated the influence of forest on SWD populations in raspberry orchards and surrounding agricultural land. We selected 10 locations in the central part of Slovenia, five of which were closer than 200 m from the forest edge and five of which were more than 200 m from the forest edge. We collected SWD adults in three habitat types per location from the end of June until the end of October 2020. The results showed that forest harboured a larger SWD population than orchards and agricultural land. Over the season, the number of individuals increased exponentially over time, and the difference between forest and other habitat types increased. The distance from the forest had a negative effect on the abundance of SWD. There was a difference in abundance observed between males and females, with males being less abundant farther away from the forest than females. However, the distance from the forest only had a negative effect on the abundance of females in September. Based on the results, we propose potential measures for the control of SWD in raspberry orchards.
First report on the molecular characterization and the occurrence of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in unpasteurized bovine's buttermilk
Authors: Mechaala Sara , Bouatrous Yamina , Adouane Selma 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe dairy products have been reported as a source of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing bacteria. The aim of this study is to determine the potential transfer of ESBL Enterobacteriaceae to humans due to the consumption of buttermilk made from raw, unpasteurized milk collected in Batna province (Northeast of Algeria) as well as to identify isolates and genes encoding resistance in these isolates. Two hundred and forty‐three samples of buttermilk made from raw, unpasteurized milk were collected and screened for the presence of ceftazidime‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The suspected isolates were identified by molecular methods. Enterobacteriaceae isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and were examined phenotypically for ESBL production and confirmed by using PCR assay and DNA sequencing. Thirteen ceftazidime‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae were observed at a rate of 5.76% including Escherichia coli (n = 4), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 4), Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 1), Hafnia paralvei (n = 3), and Citrobacter freundii (n = 1). Eight Enterobacteriaceae (61.53%, 8) revealed multidrug resistance, while (61.53%, 8) were confirmed as ESBL‐producing Enterobacteriaceae. Polymerase chain reaction assay revealed that blaTEM (87.5%, 7) was the most common gene, followed by the blaCTX‐M gene (75%, 6) and finally the blaSHV gene (50%, 4). The sequencing of genes identified blaTEM‐1D, blaSHV‐1, and blaSHV‐11. Our findings signified that buttermilk made from raw, unpasteurized milk could be the reservoir for the prevalence of ESBL‐producing Enterobacteriaceae and the potential source of transmission for the consumer. Pasteurization of buttermilk is critical to reduce the risk associated with ESBL‐producing isolates.
Is there an association between the vaginal microbiome and first trimester miscarriage? A prospective observational study
Authors: Shahid Monica , Quinlivan Julie A. , Peek Michael , Castaño‐Rodríguez Natalia , Mendz George L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo examine whether there are differences in the vaginal microbiome of women who miscarry compared to those who have normal pregnancy outcomes.MethodsProspective observational study conducted at the Canberra Hospital, Australia, with 24 participant women in the first trimester of pregnancy. The vaginal microbiomes of the 24 women were characterized using sequencing analysis of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene employing an Illumina MiSeq instrument with QIAGEN reagents. Vaginal microbiome data were correlated with pregnancy clinical metadata.ResultsOrdination plots showed differences in the composition of microbiomes of women who miscarried and controls. In nulliparous women, Lactobacillus crispatus was the dominant bacterium in 50% of women. Lactobacillus iners was the dominant bacterium in 50% of women with a history of prior miscarriage and a miscarriage in the study compared to 15% (p = 0.011) in those with no history of miscarriage and no miscarriage in the study. There were significant differences in the number of operational taxonomic units and the richness of the microbiomes of women who miscarried compared to those who delivered at term. Eight taxa were found in different relative abundances in both groups of women.ConclusionsThe study indicated that the composition of the vaginal microbiome varies with pregnancy history. Also, there was a significant difference in the vaginal microbiomes between women who suffered miscarriage and those who continued to term delivery both in the overall microbiome populations and in the abundances of individual taxa.
‘Ten thousand times more malignant than her mate’: destabilizing gendered assumptions underlying the defences of provocation and loss of control through a reading of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein
Authors: HUGHES‐MOORE BARBARA 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article explores how Mary Shelley's Frankenstein engages with notions relating to mens rea. It constructs a reading of the creature as Victor's double, and therefore a manifestation of his guilty mind. Utilizing interdisciplinary literary‐legal methods, the article employs the central relationship in Frankenstein as a means of illuminating and critiquing the ways in which criminal law reproduces and perpetuates gendered notions of behaviour in relation to what is deemed a justified emotional response in the partial defences of provocation and loss of control. It concludes that Frankenstein helps to expose these gaps in legal discourse and ultimately destabilizes binaries of gendered criminality.
Wild guppies from populations exposed to higher predation risk exhibit greater vasotocin brain gene expression
Authors: Reddon A. R. , Aubin‐Horth N. , Reader S. M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntraspecific variation in social behaviour is often observed among animal populations. Local predation risk can be a key driver of these differences, with populations that are exposed to greater threat typically showing greater aggregation and reduced intraspecific aggression. The Trinidadian guppy,Poecilia reticulata, is found in populations that vary dramatically in predation risk and show greater grouping and reduced agonism in high‐predation populations compared to low‐predation populations. The neurohormonal mechanisms that underpin these differences in behaviour across populations remain unknown and elucidating these mechanisms may help us to understand the evolution of behavioural diversity in this species. We predicted that guppies naturally exposed to higher predation risk would show greater expression of the isotocin system and reduced expression of the vasotocin system when compared to low‐predation fish, because these peptides are thought to promote gregariousness and aggressivity respectively. We collected guppies of both sexes from high‐ and low‐predation sites, replicated in two different Trinidadian rivers, and measured the brain gene expression of isotocin and vasotocin along with their central receptors. Contrary to our prediction, we found that high‐predation guppies showed greater expression of vasotocin, while we did not find evidence that the populations differed in isotocin expression, nor in the expression of the receptors. These results support the hypothesis that vasotocin may act as a neural substrate for social variation in fishes but call into question generalisations about its specific role across species.
Northern Ireland independence revisited
Authors: Fusco Adam 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article examines the idea of Northern Ireland independence in Unionist political thought. It focuses on three moments which compelled Ulster Unionists to re‐evaluate Northern Ireland's constitutional status as part of the United Kingdom—the Stormont parliament's cohabitation with the post‐war Labour government, Stormont's collapse in 1972, and the Anglo‐Irish Agreement of 1985. It argues that rather than being the expression of Ulster nationalism or a contractarian understanding of political obligation, Unionist arguments for independence were motivated by a classical republican concern: the arbitrary power Northern Ireland is subject to as part of the United Kingdom. This locates Unionist thought on independence within a problem of democratic self‐determination: the relationship between majority rule and the bounds of the political community. The article finds that each moment compelled particular Unionist thinkers to reconceive of Ulster Unionists as a political minority subject to arbitrary power in the UK constitution and to choose between Northern Ireland and the United Kingdom as the sovereign political community. The article is unique as there exists little scholarship on the idea of Northern Ireland independence and instructive in providing a challenging case study to assess the attraction and determinacy of classical republicanism as a theory of self‐determination.