bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of medical students about online learning in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Ramachandran Kalpana , Dinesh Kumar Robert 
Published: April 2021

Introduction and Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a disruption in the academic schedule. As UNESCO observes an 87% interruption in student learning across the globe, it is undeniable that e-learning would have a major role to play in the future and both teachers and learners are getting accustomed to this ‘New Normalcy’. This survey analyses the perception of medical first-year students about online learning in the COVID-19 era.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire based study was done and first year medical students were asked to respond. The respondents were asked to answer the questions in Likert-scale, from 1-5. Statistical analysis was done and Test for one proportion was calculated using ‘z’ test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: A total of 122 first year medical students responded to the survey. More than two-thirds of the respondents were females (67%). About 78% of respondents find online learning interesting and enjoyable. More than 80% of students found online education very satisfactory in all aspects. Problems with internet connectivity was the principal challenge faced by the students during online learning. An overwhelming 70% of students felt online teaching to be very beneficial.

Conclusion: The pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge to the academic schedule. Although many challenges were faced by the teachers and learners, internet connectivity continued to be a major problem in online education. It is the duty of every educationist to ensure an uninterrupted, continuous and an effective process of teaching and learning.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Daring Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Yulianto Dwi , Nugraheni Aninditya Sri 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan artikel ini untuk mendeskripsikan keefektivan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia saat daring. Metode Penelitian artikel ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian kualitatif merupakan penelitian yang mendeskripsikan secara rinci serta mendalam dan menghasilkan data berupa kata-kata yang bersumber dari tertulis atau lisan dari oarang-orang yang diamati. Digunakannya penelitian kualitatif ini untuk dapat memahami tindakan-tindakan pada subjek dan objek yang diteliti melalui teknik-teknik penelitian kualitatif seperti wawancara secara mendalam. Karena kondisi daring maka bentuk wawancara dilakukan dengan wawancara online menggunakan aplikasi WhatsApp. Sumber data primer yaitu siswa kelas VI B SD Sendangsari, Pajangan, Bantul yang berjumlah 29 siswa dan sumber data sekunder yaitu bahan pustaka, buku, dan jurnal-jurnal yang berhubungan dengan artikel ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Dari jumlah 29 siswa kelas VI B SD Sendangsari, didapatkan hasil wawancara sebanyak 26 siswa setuju dengan pembelajaran daring. Selebihnya tidak setuju karena kondisi keluarga mereka yang masih kurang sejahtera. Berdasarkan pembahasan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dalam metode daring dapat dikatakan cukup efektif. Terlihat dari tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran Bahasa yaitu mengembangkan keterampilan Bahasa Indonesia.
Global Warming Impact and Energy Analysis of Tempeh Made from Local and Imported Soybean
Authors: Ifdholy Muhamad , Romli Muhammad , Wiloso Edi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIndonesia is a country with the largest number of tempeh producers in the world. However, the practice of tempeh production by most entrepreneurs has not paid enough attention to environmental aspects. In this study, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used as a method to assess the environmental impact of tempeh labeled as hygienic, produced by Rumah Tempeh Indonesia (RTI) located in Bogor, West Java. The hygienic tempeh consists of two types, namely one made of local soybean (Tempeh Sehat) and the other made of imported soybean (Tempeh Kita). The extent of the environmental impact, in the form of GHG emissions and energy efficiency, throughout the life cycle of tempeh is calculated, analyzed and some improvement scenarios are proposed. The life cycle of tempeh is limited to soybean cultivation, raw material transportation and tempeh processing at RTI. The results show that Tempeh Sehat generates GHG emissions of 0.323 kg CO2-eq, while Tempeh Kita is 0.555 kg CO2-eq per kg of product. The hotspots that contribute to GHG impacts are identified as originating from the stages of soybeans transportation and tempeh processing. Energy efficiency is indicated by the Net Energy Value (NEV) and the Net Energy Ratio (NER) of both types of products. Tempeh Sehat has NEV of 2.064 MJ, while Tempeh Kita is 0.318 MJ. Both types of products show the value of NER>1. Further analysis of existing production practices has led to several scenarios of improvement and their environmental effects have been discussed. Keywords: Tempeh; LCA; GHG emission; energy efficiency
Critical parameters for integrating co-composting of POME and EFB into life cycle assessment models of palm oil production.
Authors: Baron Victor , Saoud Mohamed , Jupesta Joni , Praptantyo Ikhsan Rezky , Admojo Hartono Tirto , Bessou Cécile , Caliman Jean-Pierre 
Published: April 2021

Palm oil mill’s co-products (empty fruit bunch – EFB and palm oil mill effluent – POME) management is a matter of concern in Indonesia. Co-composting is a promising waste management practice that would allow a reduction of environmental impact and a restitution of organic matter to the soil. This study is a part of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) project and aims to pinpoint the most environmentally impacting compartments of the palm oil production chain. It deals more specifically with the Life Cycle Inventory of data on the composting process based on site specific data. Data on the recycled biomass, energy demand and yielded compost properties were recorded in an industrial palm oil mill over one year. Due to the local conditions, high nutrient leaching from the compost were recorded and the compost remained very wet and hot (thermophilic phase). The composting process only led to 40% of methane avoidance compared to anaerobic digestion of POME, and the global nutrient recovery efficiency was below 50%. We identified the following critical parameters to increase environmental benefits from composting: i) the POME/FFB ratio from the mill ii) the roofing of the composting platform, iii) the POME/EFB ratio, iv) the turning frequency, v) the recycling of leachates and vi) the process duration and drying period. The nutrient recovery and the doses of compost applied in the field depend on all of those inter-connected parameters. The data presented will be used within LCA models to assess net environmental benefits from various POME and EFB co-composting systems.
Lembaga Pengawas Syariah Dalam Sorotan
Authors: L.Man Yovenska 
Published: April 2021

Abstract:
Islamic financial institutions are currently considered quite significant. However, on the other hand, of course, everything is not free from some shortcomings that should be a concern. Among those questioned, among others, is the role of the Sharia Supervisory Board in terms of implementing Good Corporate Governance (GCG). This paper will focus on discussions regarding planning and implementing strategies towards the Ideal Sharia Supervisory Board
Comparative study of concept with Ayurvedokta Aahara & today’s contaminated, adulterated food
Authors: Rajput Sardarsing Narsing 
Published: April 2021

Aahara is Trayopstambha of life as described in Ayurveda (Cha.Su. 11/13). All basic principles are described in Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Sangraha, as well as Ashtanga Hrudaya. In Charaka Samhita (Cha.chi.15), Aahara described in aspect with its properties, Ahara, Dincharya, Ritucharya, Dravdravyavidhi, Annapan vidhiadhyaya. In Sushruta Samhita (Su.Su.46, 47) Dravdravyavidhi & Annapanvidhi guide us about diet by multiple perspectives.
Yogya Aahara means appropriate diet précised in Charakacharya in Sutrasthana 27/349 & in Shri Bhagvat Gita adhyay 6/17. Desh place/surroundings, kaal/time, Sanskar, Koshta etc these are valuable 18 factors that affects digestion. Mind should be settle prasannabhav is important by avoiding irsha,dvesh,raga & lobha. Aahara should be manonukul, good in smell, appearance, & taste. Today’s era what should be eat for healthy life? How? Where? This is also important for digestion. Now a days adulterated, contaminated food consumption occurred unknown route. Several chemical contaminations travel from stage of cultivation to reach to consumer which are giving much hazards for health. Farming, cultivating, processing, marketing, stocking, selling, plastic packing material also contaminated food. Number of examples may be given as milk, vegetables (tomato), fruits like apples; grapes, bananas are highly contaminated by colours and chemicals. We should aware about Aahara. We should eat which is safe for us. Junk food, road breakfast like vadapav, fast food may be highly used with contaminated oil & inferior food quality. Many hotels use palm oil for process which affects worse on healthy body. Everyone must think about improvement of food quality.
Management of a case of Primary infertility with PCOD and tubal blockage with Apamarga Kshaar Tail Uttarbasti ,Varunaadi Kashaya and Shatpushpa Churna A Case Study
Authors: Kamble Archana 
Published: April 2021

PCOD & Tubal Blockage are one of the commonest cause of infertility in female patients . Women unable to procreate progeny is considered as Vandhya in Ayurveda. PCOD & TUBAL BLOCKAGE are taken as KSHETRA and BEEJA dushti among four essential factors needed for conception. Both for tubal blockage and PCOD the responsible doshas are VATA and KAPHA. In this case both sanashaman and sanshodhan chikitsa was done. The drugs selected were: Apamarga kshar tail for uttarbasti for three consecutive cycles , Varunaadi Kashaya, Shatpushpa churna orally for 6 months. USG and HSG were used as confirmatory diagnostic tools. 3 Effect of drug on menstrual bleeding pattern was seen for 2nd month of treatment and patient conceived after 7 months of treatment.
A review on dental hygiene in children
Authors: Shitre Ashwini 
Published: April 2021

Teeth are an integral part of the human body, not only for a contagious smile but also for chewing food well. Dental caries is one of the most common oral diseases in humans worldwide. However, dental caries, especially early childhood caries, is still a serious health problem in developing countries. An Ayurvedic remedy plays an effective agent in the treatment of carious teeth, owing to its ability to inhibit the growth and accumulation on the surface of the tooth. This would prevent the accumulation of acids on the surface of the tooth, and thus the further demineralization and the breakdown of the tooth enamel. In The present article we have tried to describe the role of Ayurveda in the management of dental hygiene.
An ayurvedic review on Autism in children
Authors: Kuraskar Navin 
Published: April 2021

Autism is a complex development disability appearing in infancy or early childhood which has been increased in its prevalence and incidence since the last two decades. Western medicine and research have seemingly stalled in respect to the management of autism however early intervention and behavioral therapies have shown improvement to some extent. Ayurveda understands the nature of human brain in a completely different manner from modern day's psychiatric and physiological theories. Autism has close similarity to the features that of Unmada (insanity) described in Ayurveda. The condition may be due to the result of Khavaigunya (disarrangements) of Srotas (channels) which nurtures Manas (mind) as consequences of many Agantuja (epigenetic toxic insults & postnatal environmental factor) and Sahaja (genetic) factors. Among the various type of treatment modalities, Yuktivyapashraya Chikitsa (Rational therapy) plays a vital role in managing the symptoms of Autism in children. However, the preventive measures are more appreciated than the treatment protocols.
Cupping therapy in pain management- A review
Authors: Khalique Shaheeda Khatun Abdul , Ukhalkar Vijay 
Published: April 2021

Pain is the most common reason for seeking therapeutic alternatives to conventional medicine. Raktamokshan is accepted as half of the therapeutic measure in Shalyatantra like Basti in Kayachikitsa2. Raktamokshan is one of the fascinating and satisfactory answer for many diseases. Shring and Alabu therapy mentioned in Ayurveda for Raktamokshan can be correlated with cupping which is a modified form of Shring and Alabu therapy.
Cupping therapy is a traditional therapy used from an ancient era. A therapeutic Cupping treatment involves warming and placing cups on skin part of body for treatment. Cupping is thought to act mainly by increasing local blood circulation and relieving painful muscle tension.
The objective of the following study is to study the effectiveness of cupping as a treatment for pain and to identify the possible mechanisms of action of cupping therapy from modern medicine perspective and offer possible explanation of its effects. Data is collected from Samhita, Reference Books and Published Articles.
â€˜Study of etiopathogenesis of 'akalaja jara' in females in modern timesâ€™
Authors: Walhe Shamal T. 
Published: April 2021

Vaya, i.e. Age represents state of body depending upon the length of time that has passed since birth of a human being. Considering a total life-span of 100 years, Acharya Charaka and Sushruta has described old age after 60 years and 70 years respectively. According to Ayurveda, Jara is one of the Svabhavika Vyadhi. Jara or Vriddhavastha is the later stage of life when gradual declination of functions of physical and mental faculties gear up. Symptoms of Jara like greying of hair, wrinkles, flabbiness of muscles and joints, diminished vision and decreased intellectual functions start appearing in this stage. If these changes occur according to Kala i.e. time, it is called as 'Kalaja Jara' and if it occurs before Kala it is referred as 'Akalaja Jara'. Nowadays, it is observed that these symptoms are more prevalent in the Madhyama Vaya (middle age) in females significantly manifesting into Akalaja Jara i.e. early ageing. The present entitled â€˜Study of Etio-pathogenesis of 'Akalaja Jara' in Females in Modern Timesâ€™ was an observational study to identify and study potential factors that accelerate premature ageing in females with Ayurvedic perspective.
The present study was conducted to focus on the aetiological factors for 'Akalaja Jara' in females. In the study, 75 female patients, in three age groups (16 -27, 28 â€“ 39 and 40 â€“ 50 years of age), showing signs and symptoms of Jara as per Ayurvedic texts were enrolled to collect information regarding their Aahara and Vihara. Objective parameters like BMI and BMR were also recorded.
It was observed that incorrect modern lifestyle, dietary habits and mental stress play significant role in causation of Akalaja Jara in females. Early diagnosis would help them to take care of themselves and to follow measures described in Ayurveda to prolong ageing.
A Conceptual Review of Prameha in Framework of Brihat Trayi
Authors: Agrawal Deepali Jayesh 
Published: April 2021

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic syndrome characterized by involvement of multiple body systems. It is caused due to absolute or relative insulin deficiency. The characteristic features of DM have close resemblance with different varieties of a disease named as Prameha in all Ayurveda texts. Acharya Charaka has mentioned Prameha / Madhumeha under Maharoga (major disease); as important body tissues (Dhatus) are vitiated. The disease, in which formation of urine and frequency of urination is more, is called as Prameha. All Doshas and Dooshyas get invariably vitiated in all types of Prameha. Only those which are vitiated in excess are specifically and separately described in a particular type of Prameha. The line of treatment for Prameha is dependent on various factors such as the Prakriti of the patient, Dosha dominance in disease, Dooshya vitiation, obstruction in Srotas, Manasika Prakriti, Ahara and Vihara, hereditary factors, etc. The Ayurvedic concept of management of Prameha emphasizes on dietary and lifestyle modifications for its prophylaxis and treatment.
GERD an ayurvedic management : A review article
Authors: Pawar Ramesh , B. Gadve N. 
Published: April 2021

GERD correlated with the disease Amlapitta, described in ayurveda. GERD occurs when digestive juices moves upward from the stomach in to the esophagus causing Acid reflux. Lifestyle eating too late at night , spicy food , alcohol , smoking tobacco, coffee , tea ,causes GERD. heartburn , regurgitation and difficulty swallowing are common symptoms seen in GERD. till date no satisfactory treatment is available for GERD with reflux esophagitis. In the present article an attempt has been made to emphasis on herbal option for GERD.
Preparation and Standardization of Jatyadi Ghrita Rectal Suppository
Authors: Nade Tejaswini Adappa 
Published: April 2021

Jatyadi Ghrita is a very well known formulation used for wound healing, anorectal disorders like fissure, fistula or any chronic wound. These wound healing properties of Jatyadi ghrita can be used in modern dosage form like suppository, suppositories are used to improve local effect of Jatyadi ghrita because of its easy application and minimum local discomfort. These suppositories are made by fusion or melt method by using cocoa butter as a base, and melted mixture of both are poured into molds and after cooling suppositories are collected from molds and stored in fridge. Temperatures plays major role in preparation of this fusion or melt method suppositories. An attempt has been made for preparation and standardization of Jatyadi ghrita suppositories. Standard Preparation method and Visual examination, melting point, liquefaction time of suppositories are studied under this project.
Critical Comparative Study of Ayurvedic & Jyotishiya Body Measurements (Pramana) & Its Impact on Health & Wellbeing
Authors: Waghe Subhash 
Published: April 2021

â€˜Pramanaâ€™ is one of the body parameter which needs to be examined under â€˜Ayu laxanasâ€™ (body chararacteristics) for assessment of strength of the body as well as for futuristic outcome of health and wellbeing. The Jyotish science is complimentary and contemporary to the Ayurvedic medical science. The principles of Jyotish science have been applied in Ayurvedic science at various places. The various body characteristics are described in â€˜Sharir Laxan Adhyayâ€™ and â€˜Ayurday Adhyayâ€™ of Ayurvedic and Jyotish science respectively. Acharya Charaka had described the â€˜Praman Parikshaâ€™ in the Vimansthana of his treatise â€˜Charak Samhitaâ€™ under â€˜Dashvidha Parikshaâ€™ whereas acharya Sushruta had described it in chapter 35 of sutrasthana of his tratise â€˜Sushrut Samhitaâ€™. These body characteristics are used to predict the future outcome of health, education, and career and socio economic status. Persons having proportionate body are endowed with long life span, strength, Oja, happiness, luxury, wealth and other desired things. In contrast to this persons having more or less proportionate body are devoid of above benefits. [C.Vi. 6/117 &S.Su. 35/14-15]. Literary review of literature related to Pramana is done to study it critically and comparatively from Ayurvedic and Jyotish science. Parmana has been categorized into high, moderate and low. Acharyas have mentioned not only the measurement of height of the body but of almost every part of the body. Any deviation from normal measurement indicates abnormality. The ancient measurements were in the form of â€˜Anguliâ€™ Pramana (finger measurement) which is now replaced by SI unit which is followed universally. Hence, all ancient unit is converted into moder SI unit in the present study. The â€˜Pramanaâ€™ influences the outcome of health and socio economic status. It is also essential to know whether â€˜Pramanaâ€™ influences the immunity of the patient immune. It is important to find out the rationale behind the forecast made by ancient acharyas based on â€˜Pramanaâ€™. Hence, there is a need to study the â€˜Pramanaâ€™ from both science point of view critically and comparatively. The critical comparison of Ayurvedic and Jyotish shastrokta, Pramana, in the observation showed marked similarities between the body mesurements and forecast regarding health and wellbeing. It is concluded that future outcome of health and wellbeing can very well be predicted from the assessment of Ayurvedokta Praman Pariksha. The persons having proportionate body are immune to the diseases and have good fortune.
A case study of dushta vrana treated with apamarga kshar with jatyadi taila pichu.
Authors: Hajari Shubham P. 
Published: April 2021

The treatment and healing of Wounds are some of the oldest subjects discussed in the medical Literature. The same events, in the same order, occur in every healing process regardless of the tissue type or the inciting injury. Knowledge of Wound healing allows Surgeons to manipulate wounds to achieve optimal results in a short period. In Ayurveda non healing ulcer can be correlated with Dushta Vrana. Application of Kshar karma for shodhana and ropana of Dushta Vrana is one among the Sixty upakramas of Vrana. Pratisaarniya Kshar is indicated for Dushta Vrana in Ksharpakavidhi Adhayaya (Sutrasthana chapter 11) of Sushruta Samhita. Kshar has chhedana (excision), Bhedana (incision), and Lekhana (scrapping) properties along with Tridoshhara (equilibrium of Vata, Pitta, Kapha) properties, thus considered as a good curative measure for local treatment of Dushta vrana. A case report of an open traumatic ulcer successfully treated by local application of Apamarga Kshar Pichu,Haridra,Jatyadi Taila has been presented here.
The effect of sindhooradi taila topically in pama with reference to scabies.
Authors: Kadam Umakant S. 
Published: April 2021

Pama is described in kshudra kushtha as doshik predominace of pitta kapha. The symptoms like Kandu (pruritus), Pitika (papule formation), inflammation and Strawa (oozing) seen in Pama is analogous to the symptoms of eczema which is seen in mild, moderate and aggravated form. Eczema, also known as dermatitis an inflammatory condition, provoked by a wide variety of stimuli i.e. direct injury from toxic chemicals, mechanical trauma and immunological reactions, is defined as distinctive reaction of the epidermis to a variety of agents, endogenous and exogenous; very common in the developed countries. In modern science, the management of Pama is not so effective and produce some undesirable effects as compared to conventional methods of treatment as mentioned in ayurveda. In this study, we were taken five patients having above symptoms and we apply externally them Sindhooradi taila at affected sites and reduction in symptoms was seen.
the STUDY OF STANA AS MATRUJA BHAVA WITH SPECAIL REFERENCE TO KULAJA VRITTA IN CASES OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: SHEKATKAR PASHMINA VIJAY 
Published: April 2021

Garbha is the union of shukra and shonita, it is also called as shadbhavatmak garbha, i.e made up of matruja , pitruja , rasaja, satmyja, aatmyaja and satvaja Bhava. All soft organs are included in matruja bhava, hence we can consider Stana as matruja bhava. In this study,316 cases of breast cancer were staudied with respect to maternal and paternal history of breast cancer in which 81.8 % cases have positive maternal history. Therefore with this it can be said that Stana is considered as matruja bhava.