bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indications and waiting list priority for deceased donor liver transplantation in HIV/HCV co‐infected hemophilic patients in Japan through contaminated blood product
Authors: Eguchi Susumu , Egawa Hiroto , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Uehira Tomoko , Endo Tomoyuki , Genda Takuya , Shinoda Masahiro , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Shimamura Tsuyoshi , Tsukada Kunihisa , Hara Tetsuya , Nakao Kazuhiko , Yatsuhashi Hiroshi , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Natsuda Koji , Soyama Akihiko , Hidaka Masaaki , Hara Takanobu , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHIV/HCV co‐infection from blood products for hemophilia has been a social problem in Japan. Liver transplantation (LT) is an important treatment option for hepatic failure and cirrhosis of the liver in co‐infected patients, and appropriate indications for LT, especially organ form deceased donors, are required by society. The aim is to propose priority status for the waiting list for deceased donor (DD) LT in HIV/HCV co‐infected patients in Japan based on medical and scientific considerations. Since 2009, we have been working on the subject in research projects under grants‐in‐aid for health and labour sciences research on AIDS measures provided by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (the Kanematsu project and Eguchi project). Our research showed that hepatic fibrosis is advanced in HIV/HCV co‐infected Japanese patients, especially those with hemophilia who became infected from blood products at a faster rate than HCV mono‐infected patients. In addition, those patients who developed portal hypertension had a poor prognosis at a young age. The results of our research contributed to increasing the priority score of those patients on the deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) waiting list in 2013 and to establishing a scoring system for DDLT corresponding to the Model for End‐stage Liver disease (MELD) score in 2019. This paper introduces changes in priority and the current state of priority of the DDLT waiting list for HIV/HCV co‐infected patients in Japan.
CD5‐expressing CD8+ T‐cell subsets differ between children with type 1 diabetes and controls
Authors: Wadenpohl Josefine , Seyfarth Julia , Hehenkamp Paul , Hoffmann Maximilian , Kummer Sebastian , Reinauer Christina , Döing Carsten , Förtsch Katharina , Mayatepek Ertan , Meissner Thomas , Jacobsen Marc 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDifferent lymphocyte subsets are involved in autoimmune pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Previous studies suggested a role of CD5‐expressing T and B cells including rare unconventional lymphocytes with combined T‐ and B‐cell features [dual expressing (DE) cells]. We performed algorithm‐supported multiparameter flow cytometry and quantitative PCR to investigate immune cell subsets and DE cells in children with T1D (n = 20) and matched controls (n = 20). Comparisons of conventional immune cells detected increased proportions of CD3+ T cells in T1D patients, whereas CD19+ B‐cell proportions were comparable to controls. Self‐organizing maps for flow cytometry analyses (FlowSOM) showed highly similar CD5‐expressing B‐cell subsets and no differences for DE cells were detected between the study groups by flow cytometry or specific quantitative PCR. Notably, differences in CD8+ T cells were indicated by FlowSOM and similarity‐based t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE) analyses. Study group comparisons confirmed significantly reduced CD8+ T‐cell proportions with moderate or low CD5 expression in T1D patients. Finally, in vitro experiments showed stable CD5 expression differences of CD8+ T cells after T‐cell activation, cytokine stimulation and culture. We observed differences of T‐cell coreceptor CD5 expression in T1D patients with potential relevance for immune regulation of CD8+ T‐cell activation.
Fluid management and strength postsimulated use of primary and secondary dressings for treating diabetic foot ulcers: Robotic phantom studies
Authors: Lustig Adi , Gefen Amit 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNon‐offloaded diabetic heel ulcers and the wound dressings used to treat them may be subjected to considerable bodyweight forces. A novel robotic foot phantom with a diabetic heel ulcer was designed and constructed to test the combined performances of applied primary and secondary dressings, in simulated non‐offloaded (standing) and offloaded (supine) postures. We specifically compared the performances of the primary Exufiber dressing (Mölnlycke Health Care) combined with the secondary Mepilex Border Flex dressing (Mölnlycke) against a corresponding pair from an alternative manufacturer. Fluid retention and distribution between the primary and secondary dressings of each pair were determined using weight tests, and mechanical strength of the primary dressings was further measured postsimulated use through tensile testing. The Exufiber and Mepilex Border Flex pair performed similarly in the two simulated postures (retention = ~97%), whereas the comparator pair exhibited a 13%‐decrease in retention for a supine to standing transition. Furthermore, the Exufiber dressing delivered up to 2‐times more fluid to its paired secondary dressing and endured 1.7‐times greater strain energy than the corresponding primary dressing before failure occurred. The present robotic foot phantom and associated methods are versatile and suitable for testing any dressing, in consideration of the relevant clinical factors and practice.
Ti4+modified MgZrNb2O8microwave dielectric ceramics with an ultra‐high quality factor
Authors: Zhang Xing , Liu Cheng , Shi Liang , Xu Wenhao , Zhang Hongyang , Zeng Rui , Zhang Huaiwu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTi4+‐modified MgZrNb2O8(MgZr1‐xTixNb2O8,x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) ceramics were synthesized using the traditional solid‐state reaction method. Pure MgZr1–xTixNb2O8was detected without any secondary phase via the X‐ray diffraction patterns. According to the sintering behavior and the surface morphology results, the introduction of Ti4+reduced the sintering temperature and promoted the grain growth. The correlations between the dielectric properties and the crystal structure were analyzed through the Rietveld refinement and Raman spectroscopy. The slight shifts of the Raman peaks, corresponding to different vibration modes, were induced by the substitution of Ti4+for Zr4+and related to the improved quality factor. In general, the sample of MgZr0.9Ti0.1Nb2O8 sintered at 1320°C for 4 h exhibited promising microwave dielectric properties with an ultra‐highQ×fvalue of 130 123 GHz (at 7.308 GHz, 20°C), which is potential for 5G communication applications.
Experiences of food and mealtime from the perspective of patients with chronic life‐limiting disease: A mixed‐method systematic review
Authors: Wallin Viktoria , Omerov Pernilla , Mattsson Elisabet , Klarare Anna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimTo describe and synthesise experiences of food and mealtimes from the perspective of patients with chronic life‐limiting disease.DesignA mixed‐method systematic review.Data SourcesThe databases Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Nursing and Allied Health Database, PsycINFO, PubMed, Soc Index and Web of Science Core Collection were searched (January 2000 to March 2019).Review MethodsOut of 3151 identified articles, 24 were included for appraisal and synthesis, using a data based convergent design.ResultsFour themes were derived: ‘understanding hampered eating—perhaps it is best to let nature run its course’; ‘food and meals evoke distress—reducing joy, testing interim ways’; ‘struggling with food and meals—eating to please others and to postpone death’; and ‘food and meals as caring and love—flanked by social disconnecting’.ConclusionFor patients with chronic life‐limiting disease, food entailed potential to remain healthy, improve well‐being and prolong life. Meanwhile, eating difficulties were experienced as fundamentally affecting social life and interactions; consequently, joy around food and meals was lost.
Azacytidine plus olaparib for relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia, ineligible for intensive chemotherapy, diagnosed with a synchronous malignancy
Authors: Iluta Sabina , Pasca Sergiu , Gafencu Grigore , Jurj Ancuta , Terec Andreea , Teodorescu Patric , Selicean Cristina , Jitaru Ciprian , Preda Alexandra , Cenariu Diana , Constantinescu Catalin , Iordache Maria , Tigu Bogdan , Munteanu Raluca , Feder Richard , Dima Delia , Zdrenghea Mihnea , Gulei Diana , Ciuleanu Tudor‐Eliade , Tomuleasa Ciprian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPatients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), ineligible for intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, have a dismal prognosis. For such cases, hypomethylating agents are a viable alternative, but with limited success. Combination chemotherapy using a hypomethylating agent plus another drug would potentially bring forward new alternatives. In the present manuscript, we present the cell and molecular background for a clinical scenario of a 44‐year‐old patient, diagnosed with high‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma, diagnosed, and treated with a synchronous AML. Once the ovarian carcinoma relapsed, maintenance treatment with olaparib was initiated. Concomitantly, the bone marrow aspirate showed 30% myeloid blasts, consistent with a relapse of the underlying haematological disease. Azacytidine 75 mg/m2 treatment was started for seven days. The patient was administered two regimens of azacytidine monotherapy, additional to the olaparib‐based maintenance therapy. After the second treatment, the patient presented with leucocytosis and 94% myeloid blasts on the bone marrow smear. Later, the patient unfortunately died. Following this clinical scenario, we reproduced in vitro the combination chemotherapy of azacytidine plus olaparib, to accurately assess the basic mechanisms of leukaemia progression, and resistance to treatment. Combination chemotherapy with drugs that theoretically target both malignancies might potentially be of use. Still, further research, both pre‐clinical and clinical, is needed to accurately assess such cases.
PU.1 inhibition attenuates atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation vulnerability induced by angiotensin‐II by reducing TGF‐β1/Smads pathway activation
Authors: Hu Juan , Zhang Jing‐Jing , Li Li , Wang Shan‐Ling , Yang Hai‐Tao , Fan Xian‐Wei , Zhang Lei‐Ming , Hu Guang‐Ling , Fu Hai‐Xia , Song Wei‐Feng , Yan Li‐Jie , Liu Jing‐Jing , Wu Jin‐Tao , Kong Bin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFibrosis serves a critical role in driving atrial remodelling‐mediated atrial fibrillation (AF). Abnormal levels of the transcription factor PU.1, a key regulator of fibrosis, are associated with cardiac injury and dysfunction following acute viral myocarditis. However, the role of PU.1 in atrial fibrosis and vulnerability to AF remain unclear. Here, an in vivo atrial fibrosis model was developed by the continuous infusion of C57 mice with subcutaneous Ang‐II, while the in vitro model comprised atrial fibroblasts that were isolated and cultured. The expression of PU.1 was significantly up‐regulated in the Ang‐II‐induced group compared with the sham/control group in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, protein expression along the TGF‐β1/Smads pathway and the proliferation and differentiation of atrial fibroblasts induced by Ang‐II were significantly higher in the Ang‐II‐induced group than in the sham/control group. These effects were attenuated by exposure to DB1976, a PU.1 inhibitor, both in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, in vitro treatment with small interfering RNA against Smad3 (key protein of TGF‐β1/Smads signalling pathway) diminished these Ang‐II‐mediated effects, and the si‐Smad3‐mediated effects were, in turn, antagonized by the addition of a PU.1‐overexpression adenoviral vector. Finally, PU.1 inhibition reduced the atrial fibrosis induced by Ang‐II and attenuated vulnerability to AF, at least in part through the TGF‐β1/Smads pathway. Overall, the study implicates PU.1 as a potential therapeutic target to inhibit Ang‐II‐induced atrial fibrosis and vulnerability to AF.
EGCG synergizes the therapeutic effect of irinotecan through enhanced DNA damage in human colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Wu Wenbing , Dong Jingying , Gou Hui , Geng Ruiman , Yang Xiaolong , Chen Dan , Xiang Bin , Zhang Zhengkun , Ren Sichong , Chen Lihong , Liu Ji 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIrinotecan is a kind of alkaloid with antitumour activity, but its low solubility and high toxicity limit its application. Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) is one of the main bioactive components in tea. The epidemiological investigation and animal and cell experiments show that EGCG has a preventive and therapeutic effect on many kinds of tumours. Here, colorectal cancer cells RKO and HCT116 were employed, and the CCK8 proliferation test was used to screen the appropriate concentration of EGCG and irinotecan, and the effects of single and/or combined drugs on migration, invasion, DNA damage, cell cycle and autophagy of tumour cells were investigated. The results showed that EGCG combined with irinotecan (0.5 μmol L−) not only had a stronger inhibitory effect on tumour cells than EGCG or irinotecan alone but also prevented tumour cell migration and invasion. EGCG alone did not cause DNA damage in colorectal cancer cells, but its combination with irinotecan could induce S or G2 phase arrest by inhibiting topoisomerase I to cause more extensive DNA damage. EGCG also induced apoptosis by promoting autophagy with irinotecan synergistically. These results indicated that EGCG in combination with irinotecan could be a promising strategy for colorectal cancer.
Aetiology of shame and its association with adolescent depression and anxiety: results from a prospective twin and sibling study
Authors: Nikolić Milica , Hannigan Laurie J. , Krebs Georgina , Sterne Abram , Gregory Alice M. , Eley Thalia C. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundShame is considered a maladaptive self‐conscious emotion that commonly co‐occurs alongside depression and anxiety. Little is known, however, about the aetiology of shame and its associations with depression and anxiety. We estimated, for the first time, genetic and environmental influences on shame and on its associations with depression and anxiety in adolescence.MethodsThe sample was twin and sibling pairs from the Genesis 1219 Study (Time 1, N = 2,685; males 42.8%, Mage = 14.95, SD = 1.67, age range: 12–21; Time 2, N = 1618; males 39.7%, Mage = 16.97, SD = 1.64, age range: 14–23). Participants completed validated questionnaires to measure shame (at Time 1), depression and anxiety (at Times 1 and 2).ResultsShame was moderately to strongly associated with concurrent depression and anxiety. Prospectively, shame was significantly associated with an increase in depression, but not anxiety. Genetic analyses revealed that shame was moderately heritable with substantial nonshared environmental influence. The associations between shame and concurrent depression and anxiety were primarily accounted for by overlapping genetic influences. Prospectively, the association between shame and later depression was primarily accounted for by genetic and nonshared environmental influences shared with earlier depression. The unique association between shame and later depression was mostly explained by common nonshared environmental influences.ConclusionsThe findings offer novel evidence regarding aetiology of shame—although moderately heritable, shame in adolescents may also result from nonshared environmental factors. Genetic and nonshared environmental influences contribute to the co‐occurrence of shame with depression and anxiety.
Routines and coparenting as interrelated family management systems
Authors: Petren Raymond E. , Puhlman Daniel J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article presents a conceptual model drawing from family systems theory that focuses on the intersection of coparenting and routine development and maintenance as a key process in family management. The importance of both coparenting and routines for family management has been clearly articulated in the literature; however, how they impact one another and work together in family management has not been conceptualized. After briefly reviewing the literature, we articulate a model of family management that includes the establishment, monitoring, and adjustment of routines, orchestrated by the coparental subsystem. We then explore the intersection of coparenting and routine development, examining how both systems of family management influence each other. We argue that when coparenting and routines work effectively together, the result is greater levels of family integrity and continuity. Finally, we provide suggestions for further empirical work and practical implications.
A cross‐sectional study using the national standard to examine differences between public and private non‐profit nursing homes in China
Authors: Hua Jianing , Cui Min , Geng Guiling , Yang Wenwen , Xi Qun , Qian Xiangyun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimMost studies on nursing home quality focus on developed countries, with little coverage in developing countries. Our study aimed to compare the differences between Chinese public and private non‐profit nursing homes using the latest national standard.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted including 232 nursing homes in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, China. We conducted statistical analyses (chi‐square and independent sample t test) to investigate differences in public and private non‐profit nursing homes. We fitted a binary logistic regression model with whether or not the nursing home received a 3‐star or higher rating as the dependent variable, and the ownership type as explanatory variable, after adjusting for nursing home characteristics.ResultsOf the 232 nursing homes included in the study sample, 44.8% were public nursing homes and 55.2% were private non‐profit nursing homes. The t test analysis comparing the measures of nursing homes yielded significant results for 4 measures, 3 of which (overall rating, environment, and services) favored private non‐profit nursing homes. A regression analysis using whether or not the nursing home received a 3‐star or higher rating as the dependent variable showed that when adjusting for nursing home characteristics, private non‐profit nursing homes were more likely to have a 3 or higher star compared with public nursing homes (odds ratio = 1.961, 95% confidence interval: 1.056–3.643).ConclusionThese results suggested that private non‐profit nursing homes performed better than public nursing homes when using the Chinese national standard for nursing homes.
Three‐dimensional transfer function of optical microscopes in reflection mode
Authors: Lehmann Peter , Pahl Tobias 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) transfer functions build the basis for a comprehensive characterization of optical imaging systems in the spatial frequency domain. Utilizing the projection‐slice theorem, the 2D modulation transfer function of an incoherent imaging system can be derived from a 3D transfer function by integration with respect to the axial spatial frequency. For a diffraction limited microscope with homogeneous incoherent pupil illumination, the modulation transfer function equals the 2D autocorrelation function of a circular disc. However, until now to the best of our knowledge no 3D transfer function has been published, which exactly leads to the 2D modulation transfer function of a diffraction limited microscope in reflection mode. In this article, we derive a formula, which after integration with respect to the axial spatial frequency coordinate perfectly fits to the diffraction limited 2D modulation transfer function. The inverse three‐dimensional Fourier transform of the 3D transfer function results in a complex‐valued 3D point spread function, from which the depth of field, the lateral resolution and, in addition, the corresponding 3D point spread function of both, a conventional and an interference microscope, can be obtained.
Antifungal activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in Fusarium oxysporum‐Solanum lycopersicum pathosystem under controlled conditions
Authors: González‐Merino Ana María , Hernández‐Juárez Agustín , Betancourt‐Galindo Rebeca , Ochoa‐Fuentes Yisa María , Valdez‐Aguilar Luis Alonso , Limón‐Corona Mónica Lorena 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAntifungal activity of zinc oxide (ZnO) and ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was evaluated on the control of Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. (Nectriaceae) under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. In vitro evaluation, poisoned culture media was prepared, and an explant was placed in the centre of solid medium. The experimental design was completely randomized with 18 treatments. Mycelial growth and conidia concentration were evaluated. Subsequently, three treatments (3,000, 1,500, 100 ppm) of ZnO NPs and ZnO were chosen for their evaluation in the greenhouse in tomato plants of Floradade variety under a randomized block design. Inoculation was carried out with a 1x107 conidia per mL suspension of F. oxysporum, when the plants presented the third pair of true leaves. Later, the application of different concentrations of ZnO and ZnO NPs was carried out; in this investigation, the incidence and severity and plant height were evaluated into account to determine the treatment effect on F. oxysporum. In vitro, the best treatments in mycelial growth inhibition were the high concentrations of ZnO NPs from 1,600 to 3,000 ppm with 81%–83%, and in the sporulation of the fungus, they were also those that inhibited from 82.57% to 83.85%. In greenhouse, the treatments that reached the highest plant height were ZnO NPs from 1,500 to 3,000 ppm, with a range of 166.0–175.40 cm, with a severity on the scale of 0.40–0.80 and an incidence of 20%–40%. ZnO NPs have a potential application as an antifungal agent and can be used to control the spread of F. oxysporum in tomato plants, in addition to improving the promoter effect related to the Zinc activity as a precursor in auxins synthesis, cytokinins and gibberellins biosynthesis, as well as the induction of higher activity of antioxidant enzymes useful in response to the pathogens attack.
Multi‐species fish foraging associations during tool use by the graphic tuskfish Choerodon graphicus (De Vis 1885) (Labridae)
Authors: Pryor Kimberley Jane , Milton Ashley Monique 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMulti‐species foraging associations occur when one or more species forage together. However, these associations have not yet been studied during tool use in fishes. Observations were made of the graphic tuskfish Choerodon graphicus (De Vis 1885) in New Caledonia to determine whether other fishes attended it during tool‐use events. A new subtype of attendant associations, "scavenging at anvil", formed during 15 of 16 tool‐use events (94%). Six identifiable attendant families were observed: Acanthuridae (surgeonfishes; 3.7% of total attendant fishes), Balistidae (triggerfishes; 11.9%), Chaetodontidae (butterflyfishes; 9.6%), Labridae (wrasses; 19.3%), Pomacanthidae (angelfishes; 0.7%) and Pomacentridae (damselfishes; 54.8%). Anvil choice significantly influenced the assemblages of attendants (p = 1.982e‐10) but the size of C. graphicus did not (p = .4658). C. graphicus sometimes chased attendants but attendants did not behave aggressively towards C. graphicus or other attendants. C. graphicus appeared to be disadvantaged when attendants distracted it during tool use or scavenged its food. Attendants benefitted when they obtained food they could not otherwise access. Attendants may have responded to visual cues such as appearance, body movements and sand clouds, and auditory cues such as the "clack" sound made when a mollusc was struck on an anvil. Future studies should assess the importance of multi‐species fish foraging associations during tool use to the ecology of coral reefs.