bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An investigation of the effect of thermoplastic additives in asphalt concrete mixtures on the properties of different types of asphalt concrete
Authors: Zhdaniuk Valeriy , Volovyk Oleksandr , Kostin Dmytro , Lisovin Sergey 
Published: May 2021

The effect of modification of asphalt concrete mixtures of different grain sizes with “Ric-Polycell” (Ukraine) and “Duroflex®-SMA” thermoplastic polymers (Germany), which were added directly to the asphalt mixer during their preparation, on the properties of asphalt concrete was studied. It is confirmed that it is more expedient to use stone mastic asphalt concretes with a larger size of mineral crushed stone grains on high-traffic roads, as they are more rutting-resistant compared to asphalt concretes with smaller size and content of crushed stone grains.
The effect of the temperature of preparation and thermostating of asphalt concrete mixtures modified with the investigated thermoplastics on the compressive strength of asphalt concrete at a temperature of 50 °С, which were made of the studied mixtures, was investigated. It was found that the maximum possible temperatures of preparation and thermostating of asphalt concrete mixes provide a more complete modification.
The effect of the content of thermoplastic polymers in the composition of asphalt concrete mixtures on the properties and rutting resistance of fine-grained asphalt concrete, as well as stone mastic asphalt concrete, was studied. It was found that adding the “Ric-Polycell” polymer in the amount of 1.5 % and 3 % by weight of bitumen in the composition of the studied asphalt mixtures in the asphalt mixer during their preparation increases the rutting resistance of asphalt concrete under the studied conditions by 2.52–3.86 times. Modification of asphalt concrete mixtures with the “Duroflex®-SMA” additive in the amount of 0.3 % and 0.6 % by weight of the aggregate by a similar technology also allows increasing the rutting resistance of the obtained asphalt concrete by 1.86–3.16 times. Using these modifiers in the future will have a positive effect on the service life of the entire pavement structure
Development of a special cell for optical and electrochemical measurements using 3D printing and modern electronic base
Authors: Kotok Valerii , Kovalenko Vadym 
Published: May 2021

A special design of the measuring cell was proposed, which makes it possible to determine the optical and electrochemical characteristics of thin-film electrochromic electrodes simultaneously. Also, the proposed cell provides constant temperature control using a small-sized thermostating unit built on Peltier elements and digital boards of W1209 thermostats.
The cell was made using 3D printing with ABS plastic by the fused deposition method (FDM), followed by a sealing stage using a solution of polymethyl methacrylate dissolved in dichloroethane.
In the course of the research, the use of a green laser with a wavelength of 520 nm was substantiated. Separately, the linearity of optical readings, the dependence of the indicators of the optical characteristics measurement system on temperature, as well as the uniformity of electrolyte heating in the cell, were studied. In addition, the pattern of the electric field was determined, which was an indicator of the uniformity of the current density distribution on the measured electrode.
The obtained dependences made it possible to assert that the characteristics of the cell and the measuring system as a whole are suitable for the stated research purposes.
It was also shown that the cost of the cell, together with the optical measuring system and the constant temperature control system, is more than two times cheaper than simple electrochemical cells offered by manufacturers.
The proposed algorithm for the development of the cell design, the approach to the selection of components, as well as the given technical details, allow us to manufacture measuring equipment for the specific goals of the researcher. In this case, the given schematic, structural, and hardware solutions can be used separately from each other
A comprehensive procedure for estimating the stressed-strained state of a reinforced concrete bridge under the action of variable environmental temperatures
Authors: Kovalchuk Vitalii , Onyshchenko Artur , Fedorenko Olexander , Habrel Mykola , Parneta Bogdan , Voznyak Oleh , Markul Ruslan , Parneta Mariana , Rybak Roman 
Published: May 2021

This paper reports the full-scale experimental measurements of temperature distribution over the surfaces of bridges' steel-concrete beams under the influence of positive and negative ambient temperatures. It has been established that the temperature is distributed unevenly along the vertical direction of a bridge's steel-concrete beam.
It was found that the metal beam accepted higher temperature values. The maximum registered temperature difference between a metal beam and a reinforced concrete slab at positive ambient temperatures was +9.0 °C, and the minimum temperature difference was −2.1 °C.
The mathematical models for calculating a temperature field and a thermally strained state of bridges' steel-concrete beams under the influence of variable climatic temperature changes in the environment have been improved, taking into consideration the uneven temperature distribution across a bridge's reinforced concrete beam. The possibility has been established to consider a one-dimensional problem or to apply the three-dimensional estimated problem schemes as the estimation schemes for determining the thermo-elastic state of reinforced concrete bridges.
The temperature field and the stressed state of bridges' reinforced concrete beams were determined. It was found that the maximum stresses arise at the place where a metal beam meets a reinforced concrete slab. These stresses amount to 73.4 MPa at positive ambient temperatures, and 69.3 MPa at negative ambient temperatures.
The amount of stresses is up to 35 % of the permissible stress values. The overall stressed-strained state of a bridge's reinforced concrete beams should be assessed at the joint action of temperature-induced climatic influences and loads from moving vehicles
Developing the minimization of a polynomial normal form of boolean functions by the method of figurative transformations
Authors: Solomko Mykhailo , Batyshkina Iuliia , Khomiuk Nataliia , Ivashchuk Yakiv , Shevtsova Natalia 
Published: May 2021

This paper reports a study that has established the possibility of improving the effectiveness of the method of figurative transformations in order to minimize Boolean functions on the Reed-Muller basis. Such potential prospects in the analytical method have been identified as a sequence in the procedure of inserting the same conjuncterms of polynomial functions followed by the operation of super-gluing the variables.
The extension of the method of figurative transformations to the process of simplifying the functions of the polynomial basis involved the developed algebra in terms of the rules for simplifying functions in the Reed-Muller basis. It was established that the simplification of Boolean functions of the polynomial basis by a figurative transformation method is based on a flowchart with repetition, which is actually the truth table of the predefined function. This is a sufficient resource to minimize functions that makes it possible not to refer to such auxiliary objects as Karnaugh maps, Weich charts, cubes, etc.
A perfect normal form of the polynomial basis functions can be represented by binary sets or a matrix that would represent the terms of the functions and the addition operation by module two for them.
The experimental study has confirmed that the method of figurative transformations that employs the systems of 2-(n, b)-design, and 2-(n, x/b)-design in the first matrix improves the efficiency of minimizing Boolean functions. That also simplifies the procedure for finding a minimum function on the Reed-Muller basis. Compared to analogs, this makes it possible to enhance the performance of minimizing Boolean functions by 100‒200 %.
There is reason to assert the possibility of improving the efficiency of minimizing Boolean functions in the Reed-Muller basis by a method of figurative transformations. This is ensured by using more complex algorithms to simplify logical expressions involving a procedure of inserting the same function terms in the Reed-Muller basis, followed by the operation of super-gluing the variables.
Determination of the regularities of the soil punching process by the working body with the asymetric tip
Authors: Kravets Svyatoslav , Suponyev Vladimir , Shevchenko Valery , Yefymenko Alexander , Ragulin Vitaliy 
Published: May 2021

The presence of analytical dependencies describing the process of static soil puncture by a working body with a conical asymmetric tip is necessary to create installations with the ability to control the trajectory of the soil puncture.
The paper considers the features of the process of interaction of an asymmetric conical tip with the ground. Analytical relationships were obtained to determine its reactions during a static puncture, the deviation of the head trajectory from a straight line, to determine the size of the soil compaction zone and the magnitude of the destructive force that acts on adjacent communications and other underground objects. It was found that with an increase in the value of the displacement of the top of the cone, for example, from its axis from 0.02 m to 0.08 m with a borehole diameter of 0.2 m, the value of soil resistance increases almost four times. The greatest resistance is achieved when piercing a hard sandy sand.
It was found that with an increase in the displacement of the tip of the tip cone, the deviation of the trajectory increases. The piercing head achieves the greatest deviation from the straight trajectory of movement with a sharper cone and a greater asymmetric deviation of its top, and, for example, in hard sandy loam can be up to 0.17 m with a span of 10 m.
It was found that the size of the soil destruction zone will be almost 1.8 times larger than the tip in the form of a symmetrical cone and reaches from 8 to 12 borehole diameters, depending on the type of soil. The maximum pressure on adjacent objects can reach from 0.06 MPa in hard-plastic clay to 0.09 MPa in hard sandy loam.
The calculated dependences obtained for determining the power and technological parameters depending on the geometric dimensions of the asymmetric tip of the working body can be used to create installations with a controlled static puncture for use in the most common soil conditions.
Optimization of the HACCP safety control system for collagen hydrolysate production by implementing the FMEA model
Authors: Kazhymurat Assemay , Uazhanova Raushangul , Tlevlesova Dinara , Zhexenbay Nurshash , Tungyshbayeva Ulbala , Mannino Saverio 
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to determine the impact of the HACCP control system on the safety of the final products of collagen hydrolysate production. The object of the study was equine connective tissue. Using the FMEA model, established by a three-factor assessment of the risk priority number (RPN), critical control points (CCP) in the processes of hydrolysis, inactivation of the enzyme preparation, drying and storage were identified. For two CCP, measures for continuous monitoring were identified, and critical limits were developed. For CCT 1, the calculation of optimal fermentation processes using a mathematical model for the hydrolysis of raw materials is given. The optimal values of the Neutrase enzyme, providing a maximum content of water-soluble proteins of 55.0 mg/cm3, were determined: T=37 °C, dosage 5 Pa/g, t=210 min.
For CCP 2, to avoid protein denaturation during hydrolysis, a critical limit was developed by determining the heat inactivation point and optimum temperature. Experimental analyses show that the inactivation point of the Neutrase enzyme, estimated by the rate of FTN accumulation, which has 20 % at 60 °C, is reached at the 11th minute.
As a result of the study, the effect of enzyme preparations on the safety of collagen hydrolysate was also determined. The result confirms that the Neutrase enzyme preparation had a positive effect on all safety indicators compared to the Trypsin enzyme. The optimal parameters for reducing microbiological indicators, pesticides, antibiotic and toxic metals are: T=40 °C, duration 210 min, dosage of the Neutrase enzyme 5 units/Pa.
The results can be used in collagen hydrolysate production to better ensure the quality and safety of the final product
Propriedade da Fibra de Coco: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Giraldelli Mariana Aparecida , Alves Pereira Osvaldo , Dos Santos Samuel Felipe , Aguiar Brasil Mirela , Teodoro Pinheiro Stefani Karoline 
Published: May 2021

O coco é um fruto presente na agricultura de diversos países, estimando-se um consumo 61,3 milhões de toneladas colhidas por ano em cerca de 12 milhões de hectares. O principal consumo do fruto está relacionado com a indústria alimentícia, sendo consumida a sua água, a polpa que é a parte comestível do fruto e que gera demais derivados alimentícios. Entretanto, após a utilização das partes comestíveis do fruto, é possível utilizar o seu subproduto extraindo a fibra do mesocarpo do fruto, sendo este compósito conhecido como fibra de coco. A fibra vegetal proveniente do coco, fibra de coco, é amplamente utilizada em diversos setores econômicos em função de suas características de durabilidade, rigidez, impermeabilidade, resistência contra ataques biológicos, resistência à tração e termoacústica, se destacando das demais fibras vegetais. Estas características estão ligadas com a sua composição de lignocelulósicos desta fibra, sendo que esta apresenta maiores concentrações de lignina (45 – 46%) em comparação com outras fibras naturais. Esta revisão narrativa é baseada em livros, artigos, seminários e demais obras científicas que abordam o tema de fibras vegetais e fibra de coco, sendo que o principal objetivo é fazer um levantamento sobre este compósito abordando sua origem, comportamentos químicos, físicos, mecânicos e características gerais.

Palavras-chave: Fibra de Coco. Coco. Fibra Vegetal.

Abstract
Coconut is a fruit present in agriculture in several countries, with an estimated consumption of 61.3 million tons of tons per year in about 12 million hectares. The main fruit consumption is related to the food industry, being consumed its water, the pulp that is the edible part of the fruit and that generates other food derivatives. However, after using the edible parts of the fruit, it is possible to use its by-product by extracting the fiber from the fruit's mesocarp, this composite being known as coconut fiber. Vegetable fiber from coconut, coconut fiber, is widely used in several different sectors due to its characteristics of durability, rigidity, impermeability, resistance against biological resistance, tensile and thermoacoustic resistance, standing out from other vegetable fibers. These characteristics are associated with its lignocellulosic composition of this fiber, being present higher lignin (45 - 46%) in comparison with other natural fibers. This narrative review is based on books, articles, seminars and other scientific works that address the topic of vegetable fibers and coconut fiber, and the main objective is to survey this composite addressing its origin, chemical, organic, mechanical and general features.

Keywords: Coconut Fiber. Coconut. Vegetable Fiber.
O Aedes Aegypti e a Dengue: Aspectos Gerais e Panorama da Dengue no Brasil e no Mundo
Authors: Dias Lemes de Vargas Luciana , Miranda de Freitas Darlene , Rosa dos Santos Bruna , Rose de Oliveira Silva Mari , Dias de Souza Marcelo , Shimoya-Bittencourt Walkiria 
Published: May 2021

A dengue, transmitida através da picada do mosquito Aedes Aegypti, é considerada uma doença endêmica e com disseminação mundial, podendo evoluir, de forma branda a grave, e até mesmo letal. Os países, com clima tropical, quente e úmido, como o Brasil, possuem condições favoráveis e facilitadoras para a reprodução do seu vetor e aumento da cadeia de transmissibilidade e contaminação, tornando um sério problema de saúde pública. Diante deste cenário, o propósito deste estudo foi sintetizar as informações disponíveis sobre o Aedes aegypti e a dengue, abrangendo aspectos gerais da doença e o panorama da dengue no Brasil e no Mundo, a fim de compilar material educativo. Os estudos relacionados ao tema foram encontrados mediante busca na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed e Embase. Também foram consultados documentos do Ministério da Saúde e Organização Mundial da Saúde sobre o manejo da dengue. A dengue é um grave problema de saúde pública, com diversas condições facilitadoras de transmissão, quatro diferentes sorotipos, que propicia reinfecção, sem tratamento específico e nem vacina disponível. Dessa forma, o meio mais eficaz de evitar sua propagação é pela prevenção. Para isso, as pessoas em todo Mundo devem ter o conhecimento e informações necessárias sobre prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento, a fim de evitar sua transmissão, disseminação e letalidade.

Palavras-chave: Dengue. Aedes aegypti. Aspectos Gerais. Saúde Pública.

Abstract
Dengue, transmitted through the bite of Aedes Aegypti mosquito, is considered an endemic disease with worldwide spread, and can evolve from mild to severe and even lethal. Countries with tropical, hot and humid climates, such as Brazil, have favorable and facilitating conditions for the reproduction of their vector and an increase in the transmissibility and contamination chain, making it a serious public health problem. Given this scenario, the purpose of this study was to synthesize the available information on Aedes aegypti and dengue, covering general aspects of the disease and the dengue panorama in Brazil and in the world in order to compile educational material. The studies related to the theme were found by searching the Virtual Health Library, PubMed and Embase. Documents from the Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization on dengue management were also consulted. Dengue is a serious public health problem, with several conditions that facilitate transmission, four different serotypes that provide reinfection, with no specific treatment and no vaccine available. Thus, the most effective way to prevent its spread is through prevention. Thus, people all over the world must have the necessary knowledge and information on prevention, diagnosis and treatment, in order to avoid its transmission, dissemination and lethality.

Keywords: Dengue. Aedes aegypti. General Aspects. Public Health.
Wielki zryw małego narodu: zapomniany ruch karabaski (1988–1990)
Authors: Ordyan Gor , Pomieciński Adam 
Published: May 2021

W 1989 r. w państwach Europy Wschodniej doszło do przełomowych wydarzeń, które zmieniły historię tego regionu. „Okrągły stół” w Polsce, upadek muru berlińskiego czy „aksamitna rewolucja” w Czechosłowacji zapoczątkowały procesy liberalizacji i usamodzielnienia się od ZSRR. Z czasem transformacje te nazwano „Rewolucjami Europy Wschodniej”. Przyczyniły się one do ostatecznego upadku reżimu sowieckiego i sprawiły, że w początkach lat 90. minionego wieku obszar postradziecki uległ znaczącym przeobrażaniom społecznym, politycznym i gospodarczym.
Rok przed wspomnianymi wydarzeniami rozpoczął się wielki ruch demokratyczny w najmniejszej republice Związku Radzieckiego – Armenii, który podważył imperialną politykę władz sowieckich. Z czasem przyjął on nazwę ruchu karabaskiego. Zryw społeczeństwa armeńskiego, który wybuchł w 1988 r., wyraził potrzebę demokratyzacji społeczeństwa radzieckiego i odegrał znaczącą rolę w dążeniach wolnościowych narodu ormiańskiego. Pomimo tego niewiele wiadomo na temat tego ruchu, który powszechnie kojarzony bywa z antagonizmami etnicznymi między Armenią a Azerbejdżanem. Ruch karabaski pozostał „niezauważony” w czasach sowieckich, ponieważ media reżimowe blokowały informacje o masowych wystąpieniach Ormian i konfliktach na Kaukazie. Współcześnie kwestia ruchu karabaskiego jest niewygodna z powodów politycznych, zwłaszcza gdy mówimy o stosunkach armeńsko-rosyjskich.
Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest rekonstrukcja działań ruchu karabaskiego w latach 1988–1990, a także próba zrozumienia jego wpływu na procesy, które przyczyniły się do upadku Związku Radzieckiego w kontekście przemian Europy Wschodniej.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TAX SYSTEM REFORM OF UKRAINE
Authors: Prokopenko N. , Gudz O. , Kreidych І. , Golovko M. , Kazak O. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The article analyzes the historical periods of development of the taxation system in Soviet times and during the independence of Ukraine. The stages of transformation of the country’s taxation system and the deduction of the development of the national taxation system are outlined. It was found that during the years of independence there were five transformations of the tax system in 1991, 1995, 1999, 2011 and 2015, respectively. The preconditions of each of the specified stages of realization of transformation of system of the taxation are analyzed. Among the key preconditions for transformational changes in certain periods are: rapid deterioration of key macroeconomic indicators, implementation of laws and regulations on the establishment of the tax police and the transformation of the State Tax Administration into a central executive body as a controlling body for legal entities and individuals, changes in the composition and mechanisms of tax calculation, chaos and invalidity of the system of tax benefits, changes in the legalization of the wage fund and in the system of compulsory state social insurance. The functions of taxes as defining concepts of formation of the tax system of the country that were in each period defined above are investigated. The types and role of tax relief as a tool of state tax regulation and stimulation of socio-economic processes are considered. The assessment of the process of transformation of the tax system identified the existing criteria for reform, including diversity, complementarity and consistency, compromise and evolution, the depth of transformation and innovation of the tax system of Ukraine. It is proved that the tools of transformation of the implementation of the taxation system of Ukraine used in these processes did not always correspond to the peculiarities of the socio-economic situation of the country and the tax policy of the state goal and set of tasks of economic strategy. Existing shortcomings in the Ukrainian taxation system hinder economic growth and lead to high economic shadowing. Thus, the application of these tools in the process of transformation of the tax system has partially solved the existing problems, a significant number of identified tasks currently remain unresolved.
Keywords: taxation system, taxes, tax deductions, the state budget, taxation.
JEL Classification E62
Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 18.