bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Versus Colistin in the Treatment of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Due to Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: A Comparative Cohort Study.
Authors: Mogyoródi Bence , Csékó András B , Hermann Csaba , Gál János , Iványi Zsolt D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen in the intensive care unit (ICU). Resistant strains are frequently isolated, leaving colistimethate sodium (CMS), the drug with known toxicity and questionable pharmacokinetics, as the last-line conventional therapeutic option.The new cephalosporin and β-lactamase inhibitor combinations like ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) expanded the available antibiotics for Gram-negative infections. We aimed to compare C/T with CMS in the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was performed at a tertiary care ICU. Patients with VAP due to XDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa were enrolled. Clinical and microbiological success rate, 28-day all-cause mortality, and adverse events were compared in patients who received C/T with those treated with systemic CMS. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of clinical success. Results: A total of 51 patients were included in the study (18 in the C/T and 33 in the CMS group). The represented population was acutely and chronically severely ill with a median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score of 26 (interquartile range [IQR] 20-31) and a median Charlson Comorbidity Index of 4 (IQR 3-6) without statistical significant intergroup difference. Clinical success rates in the C/T and CMS groups were 13 (72.2 %) and 10 (30.3 %), respectively. On multivariate regression analysis, treatment with ceftolozane/tazobactam was independently associated with clinical success (odds ratio 4.47, 95% CI = 1.17-17.08). There was no difference in 28-day all-cause mortality (27.8 % and 33.3 % in the C/T and CMS group, p = 0.76). Acute kidney injury was more common in patients who received CMS (48.5 % vs 11.1 %, p = 0.01). There was a tendency for lower incidence of Clostridioides difficile colitis in the C/T compared to the CMS group (0 vs 9.1%). Conclusions: Ceftolozane/tazobactam proved to be efficient in the treatment of XDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa VAP and showed a better safety profile compared to CMS. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier NCT04352855).
Primary Thyroid Lymphoma: A Clinicopathologic Study of 9 Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Wang Wei-wei , Pan Li-jing , Liao Shan-wei , Zhou Xiao-cong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Primary thyroid lymphoma（PTL）is extremely rare, thus the dilemma of diagnosis and treatment persists and prognosis remain incompletely understood. Materials and methods: The clinicopathological characteristics, treatment outcomes and prognoses of 9 consecutive primary thyroid lymphoma patients were analyzed retrospectively. Data such as age, gender, presence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), treatment protocol, pathologic results and survival status were evaluated. Stage was determined according to the Ann Arbor staging system.Results: They were mostly females with female to male ratio of 1.25：1. The 9 patients ranged in age from 15 to 77 years, with a median age of 63 year. Most of them（7/9）were older than 40 year. A previous history of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) was observed in 4 patients. All of the nine patients were non-Hodgkin lymphoma（NHL）, eight patients were B cell NHL and one patient was T cell NHL. All patients were treated with surgical excision and most patients received 5-7 circle of CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) based chemotherapy post-operation only. Conclusions: The majority of them had good prognosis. Except two lost cases, 85%（6/7）of patients had a survival period of more than 5 years.
Trimming and decontamination of metagenomic data can significantly impact assembly and binning metrics, phylogenomic and functional analysis
Authors: Whitham Jason , Grunden Amy M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Investigators using metagenomic sequencing to study their microbiomes are often provided data that has been trimmed and decontaminated or do it themselves without knowing the effect these procedures can have on their downstream analyses. Here we evaluated the impact that JGI trimming and decontamination procedures had on assembly and binning metrics, placement of metagenome assembled genomes into species trees, and functional profiles of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) extracted from twenty three complex rhizosphere metagenomes. We also investigated how more aggressive trimming impacts these binning metrics.
Results

We found that JGI trimmed and decontamination of input reads had some significant impacts in assembly and binning metrics compared to raw reads, and that differences in placement of MAGs in species trees increased with decreasing completeness and contamination thresholds. More aggressive trimming beyond those used by JGI were found to reduce MAG counts.
Conclusions

Mild trimming and decontamination of metagenomics reads prior to assembly can change an investigator’s answer to the questions, “Who is there and what are they doing? However, mild trimming and decontamination of metagenomic reads with high quality scores is recommended for those who elect to do so.
Comparison Efficiency of Combined Trabeculectomy with MMC and Gonioscopy-Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy
Authors: Olgun Ali , Celik Hacı Ugur , Yenihayat Fatih , Bozkurt Ercument , Sahbaz İbrahim 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the efficacy of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy combined with cataract surgery (PGATT) and trabeculectomy combined with cataract surgery (PTRAB) in open-angle glaucoma patients.Methods: A multicentered, retrospective, non-randomized study included 67 PGATT patients and 70 PTRAB patients. We compared preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) compared with early and final IOP, medication numbers, and BCVA levels. Success was determined as IOP reduction >20% from baseline, IOP between 5-21 mmHg, preoperative IOP of higher than 21 mmHg with medication and postoperative IOP of less than 21 mmHg without medication for surgeries performed for intolerance to medication, postoperative IOP <21 mmHg as well as <18 mmHg separately without medications, and no need for further glaucoma surgery. Results: Preoperative IOP values were 28.61 ± 6.02 mmHg in PTRAB group and 23.99±8.00 mmHg in PGATT group (P<0.0001). Early postoperative IOP values were found lower in PTRAB group as 12.19 ± 3.41 mmHg and as 15.69 ± 4.67 mmHg in PGATT group (P<0.0001). Last follow-up IOP reading were lower in PGATT group (P=0.009). IOP difference values were found higher both in early and last postoperative periods in PTRAB group (respectively, P<0.0001, P=0.018). Success rates were found higher in both at lower than 21 and 18 mmHg levels in PGATT group (respectively, P=0.014, P=0.010).Conclusion: We found the PGATT combined procedure to be a well-tolerated, effective procedure that can lower IOP both early and late in the postoperative period with different rates of IOP success compared with the combined PTRAB procedure.
Synergistic Stimulation of Osteoblast Differentiation of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Leptin and 25(OH)D3 is Mediated by Inhibition of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy
Authors: He Qiting , Qin Ruixi , Glowacki Julie , Zhou Shuanhu , Shi Jie , Wang Shaoyi , Gao Yuan , Cheng Lei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

25(OH)D3 is important for the osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymual stem cells (BMMSCs), BMMSCs can directly hydroxylate 25(OH)D3 to 1α,25(OH)2D3 to induce osteoblast differentiation. Our previous research with human BMMSCs showed that the cell membrane receptor megalin is required for the 25(OH)D3-DBP complex to enter cells and thereby to stimulate osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, leptin was shown to upregulate megalin in those cells. Leptin is a known inhibitor of PI3K/AKT-dependent chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that leptin acts synergistically with 25(OH)D3 to promote osteoblastogenesis in rat BMMSCs by a mechanism that entails inhibition of PI3K/AKT-dependent CMA.
Methods

The BMMSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow, qRT-PCR and western immunoblots were used to evaluate the expression of megalin, ALP, COL1A1, RUNX2 and CMA activity. The osteoblast differentiation ability was evaluated by ALP activity, ALP staining, and calcium deposition.
Results

After rBMMSCs were exposed to a combination of leptin and 25(OH)D3, osteoblast differentiation was significantly enhanced, the expression of osteoblastogenic genes ALP, COL1A1, and RUNX2 by qRT-PCR were up-regulated, and ALP activity, ALP staining, and calcium deposition were also significantly increased. The quantity of 25(OH)D3 entering rBMMSCs was increased through increased megalin receptors, and ELISA confirmed that the synthesis of 1α,25(OH)2D3 was increased. Addition of a PI3K/AKT inhibitor reduced the synergistic effect of osteoblast differentiation of rBMMSCs induced by combination leptin with 25(OH)D3; the inhibited CMA activity was partially rescued by a PI3K/AKT inhibitor, and the expression of megalin was down-regulated. Up-regulation of megalin expression by leptin played a synergistic role in osteoblast differentiation of rBMMSCs induced by 25(OH)D3; leptin promoted the expression of megalin by inhibiting the activity of CMA activity.
Conclusions

These studies indicate that leptin enhanced 25(OH)D3 stimulation of osteoblast differentiation of rBMMSCs by inhibiting CMA activity to increase megalin expression, and that PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is at least partially involved in the regulation of CMA activity and megalin expression.
Evaluation of root lodging resistance during whole growth period in maize using the anti-lodging index defined as root failure moment divided by wind resultant moment
Authors: Wang Xiaohu , Lin Yinchang , Han Wei , Song Zhaoyu , Wang Shengjian , Yang Jinzhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Root lodging due to strong storm wind is a common problem in maize (Zea mays) production, leading to reduced crop yield and quality and harvest efficiency. Little information is available on quantifying effects of vertical leaf area distribution on root lodging in crops such as maize. The anti-lodging index of root was computed by the formula: ALroot = Mroot / Mwind, where AL denotes anti-lodging index, and M moment of force. Root failure moment of force equals to moment arm times max root side-pulling force measured in situ by means of the digital pole dynamometer, and wind resultant moment of force is estimated with vertical leaf area distribution and wind speed. Two maize cultivars, with contrasting root lodging resistance, were examined at 5 different growth stages from V8 to physiological maturity in 2019 and 2020, in Qingdao, China. Results: Root anti-lodging index in tested cultivars fluctuated to a small extent within any year during whole growth period excluding at V8, while there was an inter-annual shift in index means (1.23 vs 0.84). Both root failure moment and wind resultant moment increased first and then decreased with the growth stage, and their influence on root anti-lodging index varied with the year. At wind grade 6, effect sizes, as contribution to root anti-lodging index, of root moment and wind moment were respectively 0.88 and 0.98. The difference in anti-lodging index between cultivars seemed to be disappearing as wind grade goes up. Root failure moment of force positively related to single root tensile resistance, root-soil ball volume, root number and total root length, whose correlation coefficient was the maximum of 0.94. Conclusion: Root anti-lodging index of maize proved stable from V8 on during whole growth period, and vertical leaf area distribution played a substantial role in maize root lodging in terms of wind resultant moment. Our findings provide the insights into root lodging events in crops such as maize, and would serve an approach to assessing crop root lodging resistance in breeding and cultivation programs.
Effects of sample size on plant single-cell RNA profiling
Authors: Guo Longbiao , Chen Hongyu , Yin Xinxin , Chen Xi , Chu Qinjie , Zhu Qianhao , Fan Longbiao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Single-cell RNA (scRNA) profiling or scRNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a rapidly developing technology and an important frontier of molecular biology science. scRNA profiling makes it possible to parallelly investigate diverse molecular features of multiple types of cells in a given plant tissue, and promotes elucidation of cellular heterogeneity and discovery of developmental processes underpinning cell differentiation. While it is assumed that the power of scRNA profiling in uncovering cellular heterogeneity largely depends on the depth of scRNA-seq, no study about the effect of the sequenced cell numbers on the power of plant scRNA-seq has ever been reported. Results: In this study, on the basis of analyzing the sample coverage of 1,244 available scRNA-seq studies (including 30 in plants) and the effect of sample coverage on cell clustering and identification of cell types, we evaluated the effects of sample size (i.e., cell number) on the outcome of single cell transcriptome analysis by sampling different number of cells from a pool of ~57,000 Arabidopsis thaliana root cells integrated from five published studies. Our results indicated that the most significant principle components could be achieved when 20,000-30,000 cells were sampled, a relatively high reliability of cell clustering could be achieved by using ~20,000 cells with little further improvement by using more cells, 96% of the differentially expressed genes could be successfully identified with no more than 20,000 cells, and a relatively stable pseudotime could be estimated in the sub-sample with 5,000 cells. Conclusions: Our results imply that ~20,000 (or 10,000 - 30,000[1] ) cells are enough for profiling Arabidopsis root cells using scRNA-seq, although the applicability of this number to other Arabidopsis tissues and other plants is yet to be further determined by analyzing scRNA-seq data generated from diverse tissues of different plant species. Nevertheless, our results provide a general guide for optimizing sample size to be used in plant scRNA-seq studies. Change to “or up to 300000”?
Alpha, Beta, and Gamma HPV Infection in Juvenile Onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
Authors: Bertinazzi Martina , Gheit Tarik , Polesel Jerry , McKay-Chopin Sandrine , Cutrone Cesare , Sari Marianna , Sbaraglia Marta , Tos Angelo Paolo Dei , Nicolai Piero , Tommasino Massimo , Boscolo-Rizzo Paolo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose

The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of different HPV genera – alpha, beta and gamma – in Juvenile onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (JoRRP) and examine the association of type and genus-specific viral features with the clinical outcome of disease.
Methods

This retrospective observational study includes consecutive patients with JoRRP who were treated in a referral centre between October 2000 and October 2020. All patients underwent cold excision and laser vaporization of papillomatous lesions. Samples were analysed for the presence of 120 viral genotypes (22 alpha-HPV, 46 beta-HPV, 52 gamma-HPV) using a highly sensitive multiplex genotyping assay.
Results

Twenty patients with JoRRP, aged 0.3–11 years old, were included, with a median follow-up of 13.5 years. All samples were HPV DNA positive: 20 (100%) for alpha-HPV DNA; 7 (35%) for beta – HPV DNA; 0 for gamma-HPV DNA. Three groups were defined according to the number of infections: seven cases (35%) with HPV mono-infection; ten cases (50%) with HPV double-infection; three cases (15%) with ≥ 3 HPV infections. At diagnosis, patients with ≥ 3 HPV infections reported higher median Derkay’s score than those with mono-infection (21 vs 14, P = 0.018). Number of HPV infections was also associated with clinical outcomes, with an average of 0.5 surgical procedures/year in patients with mono-infection, 1.2 for double-infection, 2.6 for ≥ 3 infections (P = 0.006).
Conclusion

Despite the small sample size, these preliminary data support an association between the number of different alpha and beta HPV co-infections and the clinical severity of the disease.
Absorbable Self-Retaining Barbed Double-Needle Suture(SRBDS) in Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy for T1 Renal Neoplasms
Authors: Wei HaiBin , Bai YuChen , Zhang Qi , Mao ZuJie , Li EnHui , Wang Shuai , Qi XiaoLong , Liu Feng , Zhang DaHong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and hemostatic efficacy of absorbable self-retaining barbed double-needle suture (SRBDS) in transperitoneal LPN for T1 renal neoplasms.MethodsIn total, 75 patients with renal neoplasm masses (< 7 cm) undergoing transperitoneal LPN were collected since January 2018 to October 2019. After tumor resection with a cold Endoscissor, 3-0 and 0 SRBDS was performed for inner and outer running stitches without either hem-o-lok or LapraTy clip, respectively. Patient demographic information, neoplasm characteristics, perioperative factors, and oncologic outcomes were collected and analyzed.ResultsAccording to our result, Median tumor size and R.E.N.A.L score was 4.69 cm and 7. Median operative time and overall warm ischemia time was 73 min and 13.14 min. Mean estimated blood loss was 67 ml. intraoperative complications was not showing up and no case was switched to open radical nephrectomy. Postoperative pathological assessment confirmed that negative surgical margins. only single patient experienced secondary surgery-related hemorrhage on the fifth day post-operation, and was treated by transfusion and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) highly selective embolization of the bleeding vessel. No patients developed urinoma or urinary fistula. the overall complications were manageable during three-year follow-up period.ConclusionSRBDS was a safe and efficient surgical endoscopic suturing technique with low complication rate in T1 renal neoplasms, which might be considered as an alternative to other suturing techniques, tissue sealants and glues for partial nephrectomy in the future.
Penyelamat yang Berbalutkan Kekerasan: Dialog Film Bertema Kepahlawanan dan Tradisi Kekristenan
Authors: Barus Daniel Opristanta 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Superhero movies, filled with violence, are one of the products of popular culture which many people like nowadays. Its popularity shows that those movies refl ect what is going on in society. In the time when young people are exposed more to popular movies than Biblical stories, those movies play a great role in the formation of meaning among Christian youth. When a movie is presented in a more understandable language, the experience of watching the movie becomes a religious experience that is important for the formation of theology in the lives of Christians. Putting aside such experience will only make the church moving away from the life and need of Christians. Therefore a critical dialogue based on a revised correlational approach between what is experienced by Christians when watching superhero movies and what is taught by Christian tradition related to violence is very much needed. This writtng is intended to provide such a proposal.

Abstrak
Film superhero yang sarat akan kekerasan merupakan salah satu produk budaya populer yang sangat disukai oleh masyarakat pada saat ini. Kepopulerannya menunjukkan bahwa film-film tersebut sesungguhnya mencerminkan apa yang terjadi dalam diri masyarakat. Pada masa di saat kaum muda lebih banyak terpapar oleh film populer dibandingkan kisah-kisah dalam teks Alkitab, maka film-film populer ini memiliki peran yang besar dalam pembentukan makna bagi kaum muda Kristen. Ketika kisah dalam fi lm disajikan dalam bahasa yang lebih mudah dipahami, pengalaman menonton telah menjadi pengalaman religius yang memberi peran penting dalam pembentukan teologi yang hidup dalam diri umat. Mengesampingkan realita ini akan membawa Gereja semakin menjauh dari kehidupan dan kebutuhan umat. Karena itu diperlukan suatu dialog yang kritis melalui pendekatan revised correlational antara apa yang dialami umat lewat pengalaman menonton film superhero dengan apa yang diajarkan oleh tradisi Kekristenan terkait kekerasan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menawarkan proposal tentang hal tersebut.
Beyond Pluralism: Pendekatan Open Integrity Gerardette Philips sebagai Sebuah Upaya Dialog Pluri-Religius dalam Berteologi Interreligius di Indonesia (Yehezkiel Richard Siagian)
Authors: Siagian Yehezkiel Richard 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An openness to claims of truth, a response to relativism, and maintaining the uniqueness of each religion are the issues that the authors will discuss in this paper. In this paper, the approach of pluralism will be looked at again to build the integrity of each religion that is considered typical to be maintained. This study intends to build open integrity through Gerardette Philips’s writings on dialogue in interreligious relationships that each adherent hopes can be rooted in his religion but go to the heart of another religion. There is no way to deny the truth of the religion itself to understand the truth of another religion in a dialogue, but there is also no valuable value in other religions to be denied. The open integrity approach moves beyond pluralism and relativism.
Abstrak
Keterbukaan terhadap klaim kebenaran, respon pada relativisme, dan mempertahankan keunikan masing-masing agama adalah isu yang akan dibahas oleh penulis pada tulisan ini. Dalam tulisan ini, pendekatan pluralisme akan dilihat kembali dalam upaya membangun integritas masing-masing agama yang dianggap sebagai khas untuk dipertahankan. Studi ini berniat untuk membangun sebuah integritas yang terbuka melalui tulisan Gerardette Philips mengenai dialog dalam relasi interreligius yang diharapkan setiap penganut dapat berakar pada agamanya sendiri namun masuk ke jantung agama lain. Tidak ada cara untuk menolak kebenaran agama sendiri untuk mengerti kebenaran dari agama lain dalam sebuah dialog yang dilakukan, namun juga tidak ada nilai yang berharga dalam agama-agama lain yang harus disangkal. Pendekatan open integrity bergerak melampaui pluralisme dan relativisme.
Podstawowa opieka zdrowotna na rzecz dzieci i młodzieży
Authors: Musiał Kamil 
Published: May 2021

Niniejszy artykuł stanowi analizę ustawodawstwa regulującego organizację podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej, w szczególności podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej na rzecz dzieci i młodzieży. W pierwszym rozdziale przedstawiono dotychczasowe rozwiązania polskiego ustawodawstwa w zakresie podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej, w szczególności prze-pisy ustawy z dnia 27 sierpnia 2004 r. o świadczeniach opieki zdrowotnej finansowanych ze środków publicznych. Kolejny rozdział skoncentrowano na regulacjach krajowych oraz międzynarodowych dotyczących podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej na rzecz dzieci i młodzieży, w tym postanowieniach Konstytucji. W kolejnej części przedstawiono rozwiązania zawarte w ustawie o podstawowej opiece zdrowotnej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem opieki na rzecz dzieci i młodzieży. Regulacje te są rezultatem szerokich konsultacji, w szczególności ze środowiskiem medycznym. W artykule wskazano główne przyczyny uchwalenia ustawy o podstawowej opiece zdrowotnej. Obecnie najważniejszym wyzwaniem dla stworzenia skutecznego systemu podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej na rzecz dzieci i młodzieży jest opracowanie efektywnych sposobów wypracowania projektów regulacji ustawowych w tym zakresie.