bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation and its dynamical behaviors
Authors: Ali Karmina K , Yilmazer Resat , Osman M S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we consider an extended Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff (eCBS) equation. Based on a logarithmic derivative transform and with the aid of symbolic computation, we construct complex multiple solitons for this nonlinear model. Also, by using a symbolic computational method, one-lump solution, two-soliton solution, localized and breather wave solution, as well as a periodic wave solution and multiple wave solutions are obtained. The constraint conditions which ensure the validity of the wave structures are also reported. Besides, the graphs of the solution attained are recorded in 3D graphs by fixing parameters to discuss their dynamical properties. The achieved outcomes show that the applied computational strategy is direct, efficient, concise and can be implemented in more complex phenomena with the assistant of symbolic computations.
Constraints on bimetric gravity from Big Bang nucleosynthesis
Authors: Högås Marcus , Mörtsell Edvard 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Bimetric gravity is a ghost-free and observationally viable extension of general relativity, exhibiting both a massless and a massive graviton. The observed abundances of light elements can be used to constrain the expansion history of the Universe at the period of Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Applied to bimetric gravity, we readily obtain constraints on the theory parameters which are complementary to other observational probes. For example, the mixing angle between the two gravitons must satisfy θ≲ 18^∘ in the graviton mass range ≳ 10-16 eV/c2, representing a factor of two improvement compared with other cosmological probes.
New opportunities for axion dark matter searches in nonstandard cosmological models
Authors: Arias Paola , Bernal Nicolás , Karamitros Dimitrios , Maldonado Carlos , Roszkowski Leszek , Venegas Moira 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We study axion dark matter production from a misalignment
mechanism in scenarios featuring a general nonstandard cosmology.
Before the onset of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, the energy density of
the universe is dominated by a particle field ϕ described by a
general equation of state ω. The ensuing enhancement of the
Hubble expansion rate decreases the temperature at which axions
start to oscillate, opening this way the possibility for axions
heavier than in the standard window. This is the case for kination,
or in general for scenarios with ω > 1/3. However, if
ω < 1/3, as in the case of an early matter domination, the
decay of ϕ injects additional entropy relative to the case of
the standard model, diluting this way the preexisting axion
abundance, and rendering lighter axions viable. For a misalignment
angle 0.5 < θ_i < π/√(3), the usual axion window
becomes expanded to 4 × 10-9 eV ≲ ma ≲ 2
× 10-5 eV for the case of an early matter domination, or to
2 × 10-6 eV ≲ ma ≲ 10-2 eV for the
case of kination. Interestingly, the coupling axion-photon in such
a wider range can be probed with next generation experiments such as
ABRACADABRA, KLASH, ADMX, MADMAX, and ORGAN. Axion dark matter
searches may therefore provide a unique tool to probe the history of
the universe before Big Bang nucleosynthesis.
Reply to Comment on ‘Carbon intensity of corn ethanol in the United States: state of the science’
Authors: Scully Melissa J , Norris Gregory A , Alarcon Falconi Tania M , MacIntosh David L 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSpawn-Leeet alpublished a comment on our recent paper, ‘Carbon intensity of corn ethanol in the United States: state of the science.’ Their commentary is critical of our methodology and conclusions regarding greenhouse gas (GHG) life cycle analyses (LCAs) for corn starch ethanol and gives particular attention to the estimation of emissions from land use change (LUC). Several of the concerns stated by Spawn-Leeet alwere raised in prior publications and are addressed in the recently published literature, thus, we respond to those points in brief and refer readers to those papers for more information. In response to their remaining concerns, we present detailed information in support of our approach for assessing LCAs of corn starch ethanol and our findings. Our original paper and the corroborating information provided here demonstrate that our methods are robust and our results are credible. Further, we hope this response contributes to constructive discussion and research on estimation of GHG emissions and LUC linked to corn starch ethanol.
Trading deforestation—why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient
Authors: Reis Tiago N P dos , de Faria Vinicius Guidotti , Russo Lopes Gabriela , Sparovek Gerd , West Chris , Rajão Raoni , Napolitano Ferreira Mariana , Elvira Marcelo M S , do Valle Raul S T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Consumer countries and blocs, including the UK and the EU, are defining legal measures to tackle deforestation linked to commodity imports, potentially requiring imported goods to comply with the relevant producer countries’ land-use laws. Nonetheless, this measure is insufficient to address global deforestation. Using Brazil’s example of a key exporter of forest-risk commodities, here we show that it has ∼3.25 Mha of natural habitat (storing ∼152.8 million tons of potential CO2 emissions) at a high risk of legal deforestation until 2025. Additionally, the country’s legal framework is going through modifications to legalize agricultural production in illegally deforested areas. What was illegal may become legal shortly. Hence, a legality criterion adopted by consumer countries is insufficient to protect forests and other ecosystems and may worsen deforestation and conversion risks by incentivizing the weakening of social-environmental protection by producer countries.
Transformation of the vegetation of the Tsasuchey steppe pine forest
Authors: Vakhnina I L , Noskova E V , Rakhmanova N V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Tsasuchey pine forest is located at the South-Eastern Trans-Baikal near the Mongolian border. This territory is included in the State Nature Reserve of Federal Importance “Tsasuchey pine forest”. An increase in air temperatures and a low atmospheric precipitation in recent decades resulted in an increase in fire hazard and catastrophic fires, which nearly destroyed the pine forest. With the help of satellite images of the Terra/Modis spectroradiometer, we determined the burnt areas and vegetation indices NDVI and EVI for the territory of Tsasuchey pine forest. The research results showed that the fires are the key factor of vegetation transformation at the forest territory, and its recovering is closely connected with humidifying. During the last drought period the pine forest area was reduced from 43.5 to 2.5 thousand ha as the result of the catastrophic fires in 2000, 2003, and 2012. Correlation coefficients between investigated vegetation indexes on the territory of Tsasuchey pine forest and meteorological factors show the proved connection between precipitation and hydrothermal index (humidity factor), herewith, the EVI shows higher correlation coefficients with meteorological parameters than NDVI, which indicates its high informative value. The most direct relationship was revealed between the average and maximum monthly values of the EVI index and the total precipitation. In the dynamics of the average annual minimum values of EVI, there is, on average, a positive trend, which indicates an increase in the amount of vegetation on the territory of Tsasuchey pine forest during the warm period.
Analysis of Urban Heat Island Phenomenon as A Global Warming Control Based on Remote Sensing in Jember Urban, Indonesia
Authors: Listyawati R. N. , Prasetiyo P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Global warming is a world problem because it has a significant impact on the survival of the earth, which is the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. Jember Regency is a district with a relatively high population growth rate. Total population growth per year is 0.55% in 2020. In general, increasing the urban population increases the need for built-up land to support human activities and can affect surface temperatures, producing the urban heat island phenomenon. This study analyses the UHI phenomenon in 3 sub-districts in urban Jember using the Landsat 8 OLI remote sensing image processing method and TIRS Multispectral Imagery to obtain surface temperature values and high-resolution aerial photos from 2013 to 2021, which will be used to identify surface temperatures through several methods. Extraction is the use of supervised classification (supervised), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and LST (Land Surface Temperature). The study results illustrate that the UHI value in 2013-2021 tends to fluctuate with decreasing temperatures. The Non-UHI classification dominates the urban area of Jember, where the majority are in the suburbs. Meanwhile, the highest UHI class value spreads in the downtown area.
ConTraEmSis: The Congested Traffic and Emission Index Impact Analysis Amid the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (LSSR) of COVID-19 in Several Cities of West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Risnandar R. , Gartika D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn some metropolitan cities of West Java Province, the urban movability affects to the congested traffic. This study analyzes the congested traffic during the large-scale social re-strictions (LSSR) of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) around some metropolitan cities of West Java Province in May-June 2020. The national government of the Republic of Indonesia declared a national’s LSSR just for some the essential and critical activities are being acquiesced still enforce. Our proposed method, namely, ConTraEmSis is contributed to analyze the congested traffic two months from May-June 2020. We exploit the geomatic of the congested traffic in the COVID-19 information & coordination center West Java province (PIKOBAR) dataset for Bogor, Depok, and Bekasi (Bodebek areas), Bandung areas, and whole West Java province areas. We exploit the road transport and traffic management center (RTTM) and area traffic control system (ATCS) and index their data for the Bodebek and Bandung areas. The ConTraEmSis demonstrates that the congested traffic the LSSR of COVID-19 reduces around 18%-49% every month. Instead, the Java government always launch the many good governance policies to support the LSSR of the COVID-19 system. proposed model shows that after the LSSR in 2019 and 2020, is reduced between 3.27% and 5.27%. On the week-day afternoon, we scale down between 4.52% and 4.74%. On the weekend morning, we cut down between 1.3% to 1.5% before and after LSSR of 2019 and 2020, respectively. The congested traffic trends get 24% and 41% in the weekdays and weekends, respectively, since the LSSRs. Onto the weekend afternoon, we perform 13.4% and 14.8% for reducing the CO2 emission index during the LSSR’s 2020. We achieve the important congestion get an emission index lower than 0.3.
Three-dimensional Line Mapping from Airborne Digital Photogrammetry for Detail Spatial Planning
Authors: Soeksmantono A. , Hakim D. M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Government regulation mentioned that detail spatial planning has to use detailed map data, which mean detail thematic information with high accuracy in term of geometric aspect. Three-dimensional (3D) representation of city infrastructures needs to fulfil due to the spatial planning office application to organize their city, for example building permit purpose. This kind of data is very useful for another spatial analysis and application as well, such as smart city and digital twin. The utilization of digital technology to streamline a long-standing business workflow is an issue in various fields in recent years, including geospatial technology for city planning. Currently, the development of large format digital camera and photogrammetric workflow has experienced rapid progress. City infrastructures such as building, sewerages, roads, electricity poles, etc. is possible to be extracted accurately including their position, shape and dimension with this mapping technique. This paper presents the creation of high accuracy three-dimensional line map derived from digital photogrammetric workflow for Bandung City as a study area. This area has ramps characterized in the southern part and hilly terrain in the northern part where height discrepancies between those two areas is more than five hundred meters. It is a challenge to meet high accuracy spatial data for the whole areas with this condition. Validation of positional accuracy was carried out using hundreds pre-marking independent check points (ICP) including well identified geographic features as an addition. The result show that almost all city infrastructures on the terrain can be identified and positional accuracy in centimeter level can be obtained by this technique.
Modelling Industrial Growth in The Coastal Area of Semarang Metropolitan Region Using GeOBIA
Authors: Fariha T. I. , Buchori I. , Sejati A. W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCentral Java Province has the manufacturing industry sector as the largest economic contributor. This manufacturing industry sector growth is mainly supported by the strategic location and infrastructures on the northern coast of Central Java Province (Kendal-Semarang-Demak). However, the high increase of industrial built-up area in the coastal area of Semarang Metropolitan Region has an impact on the conversion of coastal land if the growth cannot be controlled through the spatial plan implementation. This study identified the direction and trends of industrial growth in the coastal area of Semarang Metropolitan Region in 2015-2020 and the industrial growth prediction in 2030 for assessing the industrial zones in spatial plan 2011-2031. This research consists the estimation of industrial built-up area growth using the combination of GeOBIA method and manual interpretation of high-resolution satellite imagery (Sentinel-2A) from 2015 to 2020 and assessment of industrial zones in spatial plan based on the industrial growth prediction model in 2030 using the Cellular Automata Markov (CA-Markov). Industrial built-up area tends to grow towards the western and eastern part of the coastal area of Semarang Metropolitan Region based on map distribution and area growth. The results showed more than 20 % of industrial land is not suitable with the spatial plan in 2020 and it predicted will be increased in 2030, it is necessary to increase the efforts to control the spatial use.
Urban Heat Island: Identification of Spatial Patterns of Green Open Space for Mitigation in Kendal Industrial Park, Indonesia
Authors: Wijaya M. I. H. , Ariyani N.M. , Priambudi B. N. , Gumelar A. , Ichsanudin H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The development of industrial estates is a strategy in encouraging the growth of national industries in Indonesia. The development of industrial estates, especially in the regions, is an implementation of the 2015-2035 master Plan of National Industry Development. Kendal Industrial Park (KIP) is one of the industrial estates in Central Java which is experiencing growth and is expected to be one of the choices for investors. The development of industrial estates in the regions has an impact on changes and increases in space requirements. This condition makes land-use change green land into industrial land which is the cause of the effect of rising air temperatures in cities. This study intends to identify the need for green open spaces spatially based on the phenomenon of increasing temperature in the Kendal industrial area using the Urban Heat Island (UHI) approach. Remote Sensing via satellite imagery is used to detect UHI spatially. The location of this UHI will later be used as spatial modelling data to assess how big and where green open space is needed. The results of this study are in the form of a spatial identification of the adequacy of green open space which will mitigate the UHI phenomenon in the Kendal industrial area which is presented spatially in the form of a thematic map.
Mapping of Local Government Policy in Sharing Operational Costs for Basic Education in the Pandemic Era
Authors: Suroso S. , Aeni N. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Adequacy of operational cost for basic education becomes the responsibility of the central and local government. Adequate funding is necessary for the success of compulsory basic education. The research aims to analyze and develop a framework for the local government policy in sharing operational cost adequacy for basic education in the study area. This research used a descriptive-quantitative approach. Data collecting was conducted by observation and interviews. The analysis used a descriptive one. There are findings in the research. Firstly, at the beginning of the year 2021, adequate funding for the elementary school in Pati regency is IDR 869,017 per student and it has been fulfilled with School Operational Assistance (BOS) IDR 900,000 provided by the central government but to cope with inflation during 2021, the local government should provide sharing operating cost IDR 38,538 per student yearly. Secondly, adequate funding for junior high school in Pati regency is IDR 1,063,797 per student at the beginning of the year 2021 and available funding from School Operational Assistance (BOS) is less than the needed funding. To satisfy adequate funding, the local government should provide sharing operating cost IDR 148,901 per student in 2021. To alleviate worsening problems in the pandemic era (Covid-19), local governments must take higher responsibility for boosting basic education by allocating more funds. It is useful to alleviate worsening problems such as dropping out of students in basic education.
Urban Dynamics and Carbon Stock Estimation in Salatiga City, Indonesia
Authors: Lakshita N. M. , Rahayu S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Previous research has not discussed about the prediction method of carbon stock changes using open-source software. This research aims to fill the gap by using QGIS as open-source software in. The method used is Support Vector Machine and Cellular Automata, which is only found in QGIS software, including QGIS 3.8.0 and QGIS 2.18.24 with Pip-Python 3. The results show that SVM and Cellular Automata algorithms in QGIS software successfully predicted land cover in the context of carbon stock change. This study shows the prediction of carbon stock changes due to land cover conversion in Salatiga City for the period 2019-2029 decreased by 9,202.77 tons C, where carbon emission was 10,313.47 tons C and carbon sequestration was 1,110.70 tons C. The prediction of carbon stock changes in Salatiga City is needed to reference local governments to formulate mitigation and adaptation efforts to global climate change.
Mapping of Occupation on Communal Spaces in a Flat Building: A Case Study in Indonesia
Authors: Puspitasari A. Y. , Azwir A. , Ridlo M. A. , Ramli W. O. S. K. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe increase in the number of slum and uninhabitable settlements in urban areas will gradually cause prolonged social problems, thus, their existence needs to be addressed wisely through proper handling that the growth rate can be suppressed. Procurement of rental flat buildings is one of the efforts which has been taken by the Indonesian government to overcome these problems. Although it is proven to bring benefits, its existence needs to be reviewed to provide comfort for its residents. This study aimsed to study the phenomena in the flats for low-income people. This was a phenomenological deductive qualitative study involving 32 informants from different levels of the storeys as samples. Data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation and qualitatively analyzed through mapping the communal space, and an analysis matrix of daily activities of the residents. Result of the study indicated there were three different forms of occupation to communal space; 1) occupation in the corridor in the front of living place, 2) occupation in the hallway near the stairs and 3) occupation in the ground floor.
Mapping of Livability Assessment in Recreational Public Space: A Case Study of Titiwangsa Lake Gardens, Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Iman T. I. F. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Livability and recreational spaces are considered important aspects of urban life. However, there appears to be a knowledge gap in the current field of study of livability, which is the absence of an assessment criteria that can be used to assess/evaluate livability specifically for recreational public spaces. This research aims to address this knowledge gap by devising a custom assessment criteria that can be used to assess livability for a recreational public space and applying it to the selected case study of Titiwangsa Lake Gardens, a popular recreational park in Kuala Lumpur. The custom livability assessment criteria is used through an online questionnaire that serves to gauge the park users’ satisfaction towards livability qualities and was able determine that Titiwangsa Lake Gardens can in fact be considered as a livable recreational public space because the assessment revealed that the majority of qualities exhibited by the park is contributing positively to its livability. This research has also identified ‘comfort’ and ‘visual aesthetics’ as two of the most important aspects of recreational space design for livability suggests reasons for this. The custom livability assessment criteria for recreational public space devised through this research serves to contribute to the field of livability studies and can be used as a guide or reference for better planning, management, and design of recreational public spaces in the future.
Analysis of Potential Mass Public Transport Choice Using Geographic Information System (Case Study: Commuter Line Jakarta – Bogor)
Authors: Basuki K. H. , Haryadi B. , Riyanto B. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Mode choice by travellers is carried out with several considerations. The interesting point is, some public transport users have their private vehicles. No research has described how many travellers can choose the mode and how significant their shift is to mass public transportation. The aim of research was carried out by analysing the potential for selecting mass public transportation by considering the socio-demographic, economic and vehicle ownership characteristics with the variable distance, time and travel costs based on user preferences. According to the special condition, mode choice by rail-based transit mode is called KRL commuter line, bus and private vehicle at Jakarta – Bogor Corridor become research location. Research method of mode choice probability has been developed using Multinomial Logit Model (MLM) by transport cost, time travel and distance variable. A graphical descriptive approach method based on an equation model will then overlay the site to get the results of mode selection pattern using Geographical Information System (GIS). The application of the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) concept will be more effective if there is a transit-based mass transportation mode such as Rail-based Commuter Line (KRL) as an option, besides travellers also having private vehicles. The Result of this research is described by transport cost, travel distance, and time travel based on the revealed preference survey by 324 respondents. 50% of private car travellers are influenced by trip distance, but probability decreases if time travel increases and they switch to public transport. Users consider choosing a commuter line if the walk distance to the station is about 200 meters. On the other side, increase transport costs makes some travellers choose bus mode.