bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy logic: about the origins of fast ion dynamics in crystalline solids
Authors: Gombotz M. , Hogrefe K. , Zettl R. , Gadermaier B. , Wilkening H. Martin. R. 
Published: October 2021

Nuclear magnetic resonance offers a wide range of tools to analyse ionic jump processes in crystalline and amorphous solids. Both high-resolution and time-domain

1
,
2

H

,

6
,
7

Li

,

19

F

,

23

Na

NMR helps throw light on the origins of rapid self-diffusion in materials being relevant for energy storage. It is well accepted that

Li
+

ions are subjected to extremely slow exchange processes in compounds with strong site preferences. The loss of this site preference may lead to rapid cation diffusion, as is also well known for glassy materials. Further examples that benefit from this effect include, e.g. cation-mixed, high-entropy fluorides

( Ba, Ca) F
2

, Li-bearing garnets (

Li
7

La
3

Zr
2

O

12

) and thiophosphates such as

LiTi
2

(

PS
4

)

3

. In non-equilibrium phases site disorder, polyhedra distortions, strain and the various types of defects will affect both the activation energy and the corresponding attempt frequencies. Whereas in

(
Me, Ca
)

F
2

(

Me
=
Ba
,

Pb

)
cation
mixing influences F anion dynamics, in

Li
6

PS
5

X

(

X
=
Br
,

Cl
,

I

) the potential landscape can be manipulated by
anion
site disorder. On the other hand, in the mixed conductor

Li

4
+
x

Ti
5

O

12

cation-cation repulsions immediately lead to a boost in

Li
+

diffusivity at the early stages of chemical lithiation. Finally, rapid diffusion is also expected for materials that are able to guide the ions along (macroscopic) pathways with confined (or low-dimensional) dimensions, as is the case in layer-structured

RbSn
2

F
5

or

MeSnF
4

. Diffusion on fractal systems complements this type of diffusion.

This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Understanding fast-ion conduction in solid electrolytes’.
Luteimonas deserti sp. nov., a novel strain isolated from desert soil
Authors: Huang Xiao-Xian , Shang Jia , Xu Lian , Yang Rui , Sun Ji-Quan 
Published: October 2021

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, named SJ-16T, was isolated from desert soil collected in Inner Mongolia, northern PR China. Strain SJ-16T grew at pH 6.0–11.0 (optimum, pH 8.0–9.0), 4–40 °C (optimum, 30–35 °C) and in the presence of 0–8 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0–2 %). The strain was negative for catalase and positive for oxidase. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SJ-16T clustered with

Luteimonas chenhongjianii

100111T and

Luteimonas terrae

THG-MD21T, and had 98.8, 98.6, 98.3 and <97.9 % of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strains

L. chenhongjianii

100111T,

L. terrae

THG-MD21T,

L. aestuarii

B9T and all other type strains of the genus

Luteimonas

, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω7c and/or C16 : 1
ω6c) and summed feature 9 (C16 : 0 10-methyl and/or iso-C17 : 1
ω9c). Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine were the major polar lipids, and ubiquinone-8 was the only respiratory quinone. The genomic DNA G+C content was 69.3 mol%. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values of strain SJ-16T to

L. chenhongjianii

100111T,

L. terrae

THG-MD21T,

L. rhizosphaerae

4-12T and

L. aestuarii

B9T were 36.9, 37.5, 24.0 and 21.1 %, and 80.9, 80.6, 80.7 and 76.3 %, respectively. Based on phenotypic, physiological and phylogenetic results, strain SJ-16T represents a novel species of the genus

Luteimonas

, for which the name Luteimonas deserti is proposed. The type strain is SJ-16T (=CGMCC 1.17694T=KCTC 82207T).
Effect of heterologous vaccination regimen with Ad5-nCoV CanSinoBio and BNT162b2 Pfizer in SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies titers
Authors: Romero-Ibarguengoitia Maria Elena , González Cantú Arnulfo , Hernández-Ruíz Yodira Guadalupe , Amerndariz-Vázquez Ana Gabriela , Rivera-Salinas Diego , Montelongo-Cruz Laura Patricia , del Río-Parra Gerardo Francisco , Barco-Flores Irene Antonieta , González-Facio Rosalinda , Sanz-Sánchez Miguel Ángel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe efficacy with one dose Ad5-nCoV has been concerned. As a result, some patients have self-reported getting a boost with BNT. Therefore, this study aimed to compare SARS-CoV-2 spike 1-2 IgG antibodies in plasma samples between two groups: one group immunized with Ad5-nCoV and another with a heterologous vaccination regimen with Ad5-nCoV and BNT.MethodsProspective observational study included a subgroup analysis of patients who received the Ad5-nCoV immunization during the first trimester of 2021 in a Northern city of Mexico; and agreed to a follow-up for an entire year through SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies measurement samples. During the three months follow-up, some patients self-reported receiving a BNT boost. We report IgG levels from basal, 21-28 days after Ad5-nCoV dose, three months, and an additional 21-28 days after BNT boost.ResultsSeventeen patients 40 (16) years old, 52.9% men, were analyzed. We created four groups: (G1) patients vaccinated with Ad5-nCoV with no history of SARS-COV-2 (n=4), (G2) patients vaccinated with Ad5-nCoV and the first shot of BNT with no history of SARS-COV-2 (n=6), (G3) patients vaccinated with Ad5-nCoV with history of SARS-COV-2 (n=5), and (G4) patients vaccinated with Ad5-nCoV and the first shot of BNT with history of SARS-COV-2 (n=2).The group immunized with a heterologous vaccine scheme reported higher antibodies after 21-28 days of follow-up after BNT boost. Median (IQR): G1 46.7 (-), G2 1077.5 (1901), G3 1158.5 (2673.5), and G4 2090 (-) (p<0.05). Headache was the most frequent adverse reaction when patients received Ad5-nCoV (n = 10, 83%), and pain at the injection site was the most frequent adverse reaction with BNT boost (n = 5, 83.3%).ConclusionPatients receiving a BNT boost after Ad5-nCoV had higher SARS-CoV-2 spike 1-2 IgG antibodies titers with no severe adverse reaction.Author Approvalall authors read an approved the final version of the manuscriptCompeting InterestsThe authors have declared no competing interestFundingThe research was supported by private funding provided by the hospital. No external funding was used.Ethics statementEthics committee/local Institutional Review Board from the school of Medicine from Universidad de Monterrey gave ethical approval: Ref.:26022021-CN-1e-CI
Factors associated with the incidence rate of HIV viral rebound among children and adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Malawi using the Laboratory Management information System: 2011-2020
Authors: Ng’ambi Wingston , Estill Janne , Jahn Andreas , Orel Erol , Chimpandule Tiwonge , Nyirenda Rose , Keiser Olivia 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo describe the trends in the incidence rate of HIV VL rebound and assess the factors associated with the incidence rate of HIV VL rebound among the persons receiving ART in Malawi between 2011 and 2020.MethodsWe analyzed routinely collected patient-level HIV VL data extracted from the Malawi Laboratory Management Information System (LIMS). We fitted a multivariable Cox regression model of having HIV VL rebound (>1000 copies/mL) using a forward step-wise selection method, with age and sex entered as a priori variables. We presented both crude and adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) of HIV VL rebound for the various independent variables. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.ResultsWe evaluated 230,465 adults and children receiving ART and having at least one viral load test between 2011 and 2020. The median time between ART initiation and having a VL sample was 55 months (interquartile range: 25-92). The aHR for having HIV VL rebound were: 0.79 for females (95%CI:0.77-0.80, P<0.001) compared to males, 0.95 (95%CI: 0.94-0.98, P<0.001) for patients from rural compared to urban areas and 0.57 (95%CI:0.56-0.58, P<0.001) for routine compared to targeted VL tests. There was a decreasing trend in the aHR of patients having HIV VL rebound with increasing age.ConclusionThis is the first national analysis of Malawi HIV VL data from LIMS. Our findings show the need to take into account the geographic and demographic characteristics of the patients in order to persistently suppress HIV VL and consequently achieve 95% HIV VL suppression by 2030.
The effect of training and workstation adjustability on teleworker discomfort during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: McAllister Megan J. , Costigan Patrick A. , Davies Joshua P. , Diesbourg Tara L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAdvancements in telework have increased occupational flexibility for employees and employers alike. However, while effective telework requires planning, the COVID-19 pandemic required many employees to quickly shift to working from home without making sure the requirements for telework were in place beforehand. This study evaluated the transition to telework on university faculty and staff and investigated the effect of one’s telework setup and ergonomics training on work-related discomfort in the at-home environment. Respondents reported increases in new or worsening pain since working from home of 24% and 51%, respectively, suggesting an immediate need for ergonomic interventions, including workstation evaluations, ergonomic training, and individual ergonomic assessments, for those who work from home.
Recoverability of Ancestral Recombination Graph Topologies
Authors: Hayman Elizabeth , Ignatieva Anastasia , Hein Jotun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecombination is a powerful evolutionary process that shapes the genetic diversity observed in the populations of many species. Reconstructing genealogies in the presence of recombination from sequencing data is a very challenging problem, as this relies on mutations having occurred on the correct lineages in order to detect the recombination and resolve the ordering of coalescence events in the local trees. We investigate the probability of reconstructing the true topology of ancestral recombination graphs (ARGs) under the coalescent with recombination and gene conversion. We explore how sample size and mutation rate affect the inherent uncertainty in reconstructed ARGs, which sheds light on the theoretical limitations of ARG reconstruction methods. We illustrate our results using estimates of evolutionary rates for several organisms; in particular, we find that for parameter values that are realistic for SARS-CoV-2, the probability of reconstructing genealogies that are close to the truth is low.
Integration of biosensor to a window-based control system for user emotion detection to static and dynamic visual contents of webpages
Authors: Isiaka Fatima M. , Adamu Awwal , Adamu Zainab 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Basic capturing of emotion on user experience of web applications and browsing is important in many ways. Quite often, online user experience is studied via tangible measures such as task completion time, surveys and comprehensive tests from which data attributes are generated. Prediction of users’ emotion and behaviour in some of these cases depends mostly on task completion time and number of clicks per given time interval. However, such approaches are generally subjective and rely heavily on distributional assumptions making the results prone to recording errors. This paper aims to propose a novel method – a window dynamic control system – that addresses the foregoing issues.

Design/methodology/approach
Primary data were obtained from laboratory experiments during which 44 volunteers had their synchronized physiological readings – skin conductance response, skin temperature, eye movement behaviour and users activity attributes taken by biosensors. The window-based dynamic control system (PHYCOB I) is integrated to the biosensor which collects secondary data attributes from these synchronized physiological readings and uses them for two purposes: for detection of both optimal emotional responses and users’ stress levels. The method’s novelty derives from its ability to integrate physiological readings and eye movement records to identify hidden correlates on a webpage.

Findings
The results from the analyses show that the control system detects basic emotions and outperforms other conventional models in terms of both accuracy and reliability, when subjected to model comparison – that is, the average recoverable natural structures for the three models with respect to accuracy and reliability are more consistent within the window-based control system environment than with the conventional methods.

Research limitations/implications
Graphical simulation and an example scenario are only provided for the control’s system design.

Originality/value
The novelty of the proposed model is its strained resistance to overfitting and its ability to automatically assess user emotion while dealing with specific web contents. The procedure can be used to predict which contents of webpages cause stress-induced emotions to users.
Evaluating the impact of pyrethroid insecticide resistance on reproductive fitness inSitobion avenae
Authors: Walsh Lael E. , Schmidt Olaf , Foster Stephen P. , Varis Coline , Grant Jim , Malloch Gaynor L. , Gaffney Michael T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractResistance to insecticides used to control pests is an issue of increasing concern for agriculture. The grain aphid,Sitobion avenae, is a pest of cereals and grasses worldwide, and one of growing concern due to the evolution of resistance to certain insecticides. Resistance confers benefits to insects by enabling them to survive exposure to insecticide compounds; however, the mutations conferring resistance may also penalise the insect in pesticide‐free environments due to fitness costs associated with the new phenotype. Here we tested the hypothesis of a reproductive penalty linked to the knockdown resistance mutation (kdr) to pyrethroid insecticides. The mutation occurs predominantly in a single SA3 clone. To date, only heterozygous‐resistant forms (kdr‐SR) have been detected in populations in Ireland and the UK, and this suggests that a fitness penalty may preclude the formation of both male and female heterozygous‐resistant sexual forms. By designing an experiment which included a resistant and a non‐resistant clone, we were able to simulate reduced daylight and temperature conditions which, in nature, trigger sexual reproduction and therefore study the responses of each clone. This allowed us to detect the switch from asexual females to sexual females and males and report on the conditions associated with the production of sexual forms. The results showed that both aphid clones were able to produce sexual forms with no difference in the onset of sexual reproduction, although reproductive strategies differed between clones. The later onset of male forms in the SA3 clone may decrease the likelihood of mating interactions to create fully resistant (kdr‐RR) genotypes and this may constitute a fitness penalty due to pyrethroid resistance.
Non‐metabolic function of MTHFD2 activates CDK2 in bladder cancer
Authors: Liu Xi , Liu Shuangjie , Piao Chiyuan , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Xiaotong , Jiang Yuanjun , Kong Chuize 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBladder cancer is a common tumor with a high recurrence rate and high fatality rate, and its mechanism of occurrence and development remains unclear. Many proteins and metabolites reprogram at different stages of tumor development to support tumor cell growth. The moonlighting effect happens when a protein performs multiple functions simultaneously in a cell. In this study, we identified a metabolic protein, MTHFD2, which participates in the cell cycle by binding to CDK2 in bladder cancer. MTHFD2 has been shown to affect bladder cancer cell growth, which is independent of its metabolic function. We found that MTHFD2 was involved in cell cycle regulation and could encourage cell cycle progression by activating CDK2 and sequentially affecting E2F1 activation. In addition, moonlighting MTHFD2 might be regulated by the dynamics of the mitochondria. In conclusion, MTHFD2 localizes in the nucleus to perform a distinct function of catalyzing metabolic reactions. Moreover, the nuclear MTHFD2 activates CDK2 and promotes bladder cancer cell growth by modulating the cell cycle.
Transmission reconstruction of transparent solutions using particle swarm optimisation
Authors: Farazandemehr Elham , Daneshvar Elaheh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we present a new approach for transmission reconstruction of transparent solutions by combining the particle swarm optimisation algorithm and the matrix S method. To perform colorimetric characterisation, a digital camera was characterised using a training set of coloured solutions and the particle swarm optimisation method to obtain an optimised transfer matrix of RGB to CIE XYZ values. Then the transformation matrix was used to calculate the CIE XYZ values of test colour solutions. Next, the estimated CIE XYZ values were used to reconstruct the transmission spectra of the unknown solutions by applying the matrix S method. The experimental results on real datasets demonstrate that the proposed technique significantly outperforms the existing method in terms of transmission reconstruction.
Association of race and gender with primary caregiver relationships and eligibility for advanced heart failure therapies
Authors: Steinberg Rebecca S. , Nayak Aditi , Burke Michael A. , Aldridge Morgan , Raja Laskar S. , Bhatt Kunal , Sridharan Lakshmi , Abdou Mahmoud , Attia Tamer , Smith Andrew , Daneshmand Mani , David Vega J. , Gupta Divya , Morris Alanna A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundCaregiver support is considered necessary after heart transplant (HT) and left ventricular assist device (LVAD) for patients with end‐stage heart failure (HF). Few studies have demonstrated how caregivers differ by gender and race, and whether that impacts therapy eligibility.MethodsWe examined caregiver relationships among 674 patients (32% women, 55% Black) evaluated at Emory University from 2011 to 2017. Therapy readiness was assessed using the Stanford Integrated Assessment for Transplant (SIPAT). Evaluation outcome according to caregiver relationship was compared using χ2 analysis. Multivariable logistic regression determined the association between caregiver and eligibility according to gender and race.ResultsWomen and Black patients were less likely to have spouses as their support person (P < .001). Women were less likely to be considered eligible for advanced therapies (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] .64, 95% confidence interval [CI] .46–.89; P = .008), with Black women having lower eligibility than White women (aOR .28, 95% CI .11–.72; P = .008). Social support and SIPAT scores did not significantly influence eligibility by gender or race.ConclusionLack of caregiver support is considered a relative contraindication to advanced therapies. Type of caregiver in our cohort varied according to race and gender but did not explain differences in eligibility for advanced therapies.
Sarcopenia in high acuity liver transplantation: Does it predict outcomes?
Authors: Ito Takahiro , Guorgui Jacob , Markovic Daniela , Coy Heidi , Younan Stephanie M. , DiNorcia Joseph , Agopian Vatche G. , Farmer Douglas G. , Raman Steven S. , Busuttil Ronald W. , Kaldas Fady M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia has gained momentum as a potential risk‐stratification tool in liver transplantation (LT). While LT recipients recently have more advanced end‐stage liver disease, the impact of sarcopenia in high acuity recipients with a high model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score remains unclear.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed sarcopenia by calculating skeletal muscle index (SMI) from cross‐sectional area at third lumbar vertebra (cm2) and height (m2) in 296 patients with a CT ≤ 30 days prior to LT. Sex‐specific SMI cut‐offs were developed, and its impact was assessed in patients with MELD ≥ 35.ResultsIn patients with MELD ≥ 35 (n = 217), men with a SMI < 30 cm2/m2 had significantly higher rates of bacteremia (P = .021) and a longer hospital stay (P < .001). Women with a SMI < 34 cm2/m2 had a longer hospital stay (P = .032). There were no relationships between SMI and survival in men and women with MELD ≥ 35.ConclusionsThis series examined sarcopenia with a focus on high MELD patients. Although decreased SMI contributed to higher post‐LT hospital stay, it did not impact patient survival, suggesting that while SMI alone may not aid in patient selection for LT, it certainly may guide perioperative care‐planning in this challenging patient population.
Antidepressant use and stroke or mortality risk in the elderly
Authors: Ön Begüm Irmak , Vidal Xavier , Berger Ursula , Sabaté Mònica , Ballarín Elena , Maisterra Olga , San‐Jose Antonio , Ibáñez Luisa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeCurrent evidence on antidepressant‐related stroke or mortality risk is inconsistent. Because the elderly have the highest exposure to antidepressants, the aim was to quantify their association with stroke and mortality risks in this vulnerable population.MethodsPersons over 65 years old and registered in the Information System for Research in Primary Care of Catalonia during 2010–2015 comprised the study population. Antidepressant exposure was categorized into current‐users, recent‐users, past‐users and antidepressant non‐users (controls). The effect of antidepressant exposure on stroke or death, whichever came first, was analyzed by Cox regression adjusted for established risk factors.ResultsOf the 1,068,117 participants included, 20% had antidepressant reimbursements during follow‐up, 17% had a stroke and 3% died. The risk of experiencing stroke or death was higher in antidepressant current‐users (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.06), recent‐users (HR 3.34; 95% CI 3.27–3.41) and past‐users (HR 2.06; 95% CI 2.02–2.10) compared to antidepressant non‐users. Antidepressant current‐use was associated with increased stroke (HR 1.56; 95% CI 1.50–1.61) but decreased mortality risk (HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.91–0.94). During antidepressant recent‐use and past‐use, both stroke and mortality risks were significantly increased compared to no antidepressant use.ConclusionsAntidepressant use may be associated with increased stroke risk in the elderly. When using antidepressants in this population, the potential risks should be considered.