bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La participación de los agentes sociales en la gestión de la crisis de la COVID‐19: el diálogo social tripartito en España, Italia y Portugal
Authors: CANALDA CRIADO Sergio 
Published: June 2021

ResumenSe aborda la participación de los agentes sociales en la gestión de la crisis de la COVID‐19 analizando las experiencias de diálogo social tripartito surgidas en España, Italia y Portugal. Se examinan las variables económicas y políticas que han podido favorecer la revitalización del tripartismo en estos tres países en comparación con la anterior crisis económica. En este sentido, la ausencia de políticas de austeridad y la asunción compartida de la responsabilidad por agentes sociales y gobiernos han impulsado la consecución de diferentes acuerdos que, aunque difieren en su contenido y alcance, evidencian un fortalecimiento del diálogo tripartito al máximo nivel.
Differential DNA methylation and mRNA transcription in gingival tissues in periodontal health and disease
Authors: Kim Hyunjin , Momen‐Heravi Fatemeh , Chen Steven , Hoffmann Per , Kebschull Moritz , Papapanou Panos N. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimWe investigated differential DNA methylation in gingival tissues in periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis, and its association with differential mRNA expression.Materials and methodsGingival tissues were harvested from individuals and sites with clinically healthy and intact periodontium, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Samples were processed for differential DNA methylation and mRNA expression using the IlluminaEPIC (850 K) and the IlluminaHiSeq2000 platforms, respectively. Across the three phenotypes, we identified differentially methylated CpG sites and regions, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and genes with concomitant differential methylation at their promoters and expression were identified. The findings were validated using our earlier databases using HG‐U133Plus2.0Affymetrix microarrays and Illumina (450 K) methylation arrays.ResultsWe observed 43,631 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) between periodontitis and health, and 536 DMPs between gingivitis and health (FDR < 0.05). On the mRNA level, statistically significant DEGs were observed only between periodontitis and health (n = 126). Twelve DEGs between periodontitis and health (DCC, KCNA3, KCNA2, RIMS2, HOXB7, PNOC, IRX1, JSRP1, TBX1, OPCML, CECR1, SCN4B) were also differentially methylated between the two phenotypes. Spearman correlations between methylation and expression in the EPIC/mRNAseq dataset were largely replicated in the 450 K/Affymetrix datasets.ConclusionsConcomitant study of DNA methylation and gene expression patterns may identify genes whose expression is epigenetically regulated in periodontitis.
A new way to produce odd‐allotetraploid lily (Lilium) through 2n gametes
Authors: Xiao Kongzhong , Cui Luomin , Wan Lin , Zhong Ju , Liu Yanmei , Sun Yanni , Zhou Shujun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOdd‐allotetraploid lily, such as ‘Honesty’ (LAAA), is a new type of allotetraploids. However, there has been no report on how to breed odd‐allotetraploid lily cultivars so far. According to their genomic composition, such as LAAA, we proposed LA × AAAA and LALA × AAAA would be two ways to breed them since LA lily could produce a small amount of 2n gametes and LALA could produce a large amount of normal 2x gametes. In the present study, an interploid cross, LA × AAAA, was made and its five seedlings were analysed using genomic in situ hybridization. Four of them were odd‐allotetraploid, one was near odd‐allotetraploid. Their intergenomic variations caused by 2n eggs increased the chance of selecting new cultivars. It was concluded that the interploid cross was a promising way to breed odd‐allotetraploid lilies with high genetic variations at chromosome levels.
Variation in persistency, postdrought recovery and root characteristics in a tall fescue germplasm under interactive effects of exogenously applied salicylic acid and water stress
Authors: Taleb Mohammad Hadi , Majidi Mohammad Mahdi , Mirmohammady Maibody Sayed Ali Mohammad , Pirnajmedin Fatemeh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study was performed for a better understanding of genotypic responses of a germplasm of tall fescue to different prolonged drought stresses and exogenously applied salicylic acid (SA) in terms of drought tolerance, postdrought recovery, persistence and root‐related traits. Twenty‐one diverse tall fescue genotypes were evaluated under three irrigation treatments (IT) (normal, mild and intense drought stress) and the presence of two SA concentrations (0 and 1 mM) during 2015–2017. In the fourth year (2018), irrigation was withheld in all treatments for two months in summer (severe drought) and then plants were rewatered to investigate the effect of previous treatments on the mentioned traits. Results indicated that recovery after severe drought and persistence in tall fescue depends on previous environmental conditions with clear differences in genotypic responses. Foliar application of SA improved forage production, drought tolerance, postdrought recovery and most of the root traits, while it had a negative effect on persistence and root length. Associations amongst traits under different treatments and selection of superior genotypes will be discussed.
Institutional endowment, curse, and the impact of external political shock: The case of Macao
Authors: Chen Chaoqun , Zhou Yonghong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of external political shock under a special institutional endowment brought by a high degree of autonomy, taking Macao as an example. Macao monopolizes the gambling industry in China under the arrangement of “one country, two systems” and depends heavily on tourists from mainland China. To illustrate the problem under such an institutional endowment, this study estimates the impact of the decline in casino revenues caused by the 2014 anti‐corruption campaign in mainland China, by employing the difference‐in‐differences and synthetic control approaches. The results indicate that Macao experienced approximately 3 years of decline in the revenue growth of the gambling industry, which is nearly 231 billion MOP, under the political shock. Thus, an economy with institutional endowment may also face uncertainties caused by exogenous political shock. This paper contributes to the extension of the concept related to the tourism‐induced Dutch disease.
How we secured a COVID‐19 convalescent plasma procurement scheme in Japan
Authors: Terada Mari , Kutsuna Satoshi , Togano Tomiteru , Saito Sho , Kinoshita Noriko , Shimanishi Yumiko , Suzuki Tetsuya , Miyazato Yusuke , Inada Makoto , Nakamoto Takahito , Nomoto Hidetoshi , Ide Satoshi , Sato Mitsuhiro , Maeda Kenji , Matsunaga Akihiro , Satake Masahiro , Matsubayashi Keiji , Tsuno Hirokazu , Kojima Makiko , Kuramistu Madoka , Tezuka Kenta , Ikebe Emi , Okuma Kazu , Hamaguchi Isao , Shiratori Katsuyuki , Sato Motohiko , Kawakami Yuiko , Inaba Kumi , Igarashi Saori , Yamauchi Reina , Matsumura Mina , Ishimaru Keiko , Zhang Bijuan , Kuge Chika , Ishihara Maiko , Gouda Miho , Tanaka Keiko , Ishizaka Yukihito , Ohmagari Norio 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn order to tackle the COVID‐19 pandemic, a COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) procurement program was initiated in Japan in April 2020. The program was a collaboration between a government‐managed national hospital, an infectious disease research institute, and a blood banking organization. Each party assumed different responsibilities: recruitment, SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody profiling, and plasmapheresis; conduction of screening tests; and SARS‐CoV‐2 blood testing, respectively.MethodsWe adopted a two‐point screening approach before the collected CCP was labeled as a CCP product for investigational use, for which we mainly tested anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody eligibility and blood product eligibility. Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein titer was measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and the IC50 value was denoted as the neutralizing activity. Blood donor eligibility was extended beyond the normal blood donation guidelines to include a broader range of participants. After both eligibility criteria were confirmed, participants were asked to revisit the hospital for blood donation, which is a unique aspect of the Japanese CCP program, as most donations are taking place in normal blood donation venues in other countries. Some donors were re‐scheduled for repeat plasma donations. As public interest in anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies increased, test results were given to the participants.ResultsAs of September 17, 2020, our collection of CCP products was sufficient to treat more than 100 patients. As a result, projects for administration and distribution are also being conducted.ConclusionsWe successfully implemented a CCP procurement scheme with the goal to expand to other parts of the country to improve treatment options for COVID‐19.
Biochemical and structural basis of the passive mechanical properties of whole skeletal muscle
Authors: Lieber Richard L. , Binder‐Markey Benjamin I 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPassive mechanical properties of whole skeletal muscle are not as well understood as active mechanical properties. Both the structural basis for passive mechanical properties and the properties themselves are challenging to determine because it is not clear which structures within skeletal muscle actually bear passive loads and there are not established standards by which to make mechanical measurements. Evidence suggests that titin bears the majority of the passive load within the single muscle cell. However, at larger scales, such as fascicles and muscles, there is emerging evidence that the extracellular matrix bears the major part of the load. Complicating the ability to quantify and compare across size scales, muscles and species, definitions of muscle passive properties such as stress, strain, modulus and stiffness can be made relative to many reference parameters. These uncertainties make a full understanding of whole muscle passive mechanical properties and modelling these properties very difficult. Future studies defining the specific load bearing structures and their composition and organization are required to fully understand passive mechanics of the whole muscle and develop therapies to treat disorders in which passive muscle properties are altered such as muscular dystrophy, traumatic laceration, and contracture due to upper motor neuron lesion as seen in spinal cord injury, stroke and cerebral palsy.
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Mo-Doped SnO2 Quantum Dots Dispersed Over Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets as an Efficient Anode Material
Authors: Huang Yong-Cun , Brahma Sanjaya , Chang Chia-Chin , Huang Jow-Lay 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We explore the effect of Mo doping over the large enhancement of electrochemical property of Mo-doped SnO2 quantum dots (3–5 nm) grown over rGO (reduced graphene oxide) sheets by a soft chemical process in ambient conditions. The composites were prepared over a range of Mo doping concentrations (0–10%) and 5% Mo doping had achieved the best energy storage characteristics. The capacity of the active material could reach ∼851 mAh g−1 (@ 78 mA g−1) in the beginning and that retained ∼89% (∼758 mAh g−1) with superior cyclic stability (100 cycles) and rate capability (506 mAh g−1 @ ∼1.5 A g−1). The addition of the reductant of 0.06 mol during the synthesis procedure led to further improvement of the capacity to ∼875 mAh g−1 (∼92% retention) and the rate capability (∼587 mAh g−1). These impressive results are ascribed to the distribution of Mo-doped SnO2 QDs, doping of Mo6+ at Sn4+ lattice sites providing more electrons for easy electrical transport, reduction of GO (graphene oxide) to rGO. Mo doping led to the decline in the charge transfer resistance (Rct) from 14.99 Ω for un-doped SnO2/rGO to 14.09 Ω (2.5%), 11.61 Ω (5%), and 11.4 Ω (10%) and promote the electrochemical property of the composite. A simple room-temperature synthesis process was used to produce Mo-doped SnO2/rGO nanocomposite and can be employed for the production of many other oxides and their composites for interesting applications.
Modeling the Creep of Nickel
Authors: Sandström Rolf , Zhang Jing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Many metals and alloys have a stress exponent for the creep rate that is considerably higher than the value of three that is typically predicted by creep recovery models. One example is pure Ni. Creep data from Norman and Duran that are analyzed in the paper give a stress exponent of about seven in the temperature range 0.3–0.55 of the melting point. It has recently been shown that the high creep exponent of Al and Cu in the power-law breakdown regime can be explained by the presence of strain-induced vacancies. By applying a creep recovery model that does not involve adjustable parameters, it is shown that strain-induced vacancies can also explain the high-stress exponent of pure nickel.
Analysis of the Bimaterial Interface Cracks Based on Configurational Forces
Authors: Liu Ran , Li Qun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an innovative interface fracture criterion is proposed based on the concept of configurational forces in material space. In this criterion, the crack-tip configurational forces as the driving force are introduced to describe the interface crack evolution under mixed-mode loading conditions. And it assumes that the interface crack propagates due to the competition of resultant configurational forces with interface fracture toughness. The analytical expression of the configurational forces is obtained by differentiating the elastic strain energy density and conservative integral for interface cracks. And the relation of interface crack-tip configurational forces with classical complex intensity factors is obtained through strict mathematical deduction. The interface crack-tip configurational forces are evaluated for a classic interface crack problem covering a wide range of bimaterial oscillation indexes. The configurational forces-based interface fracture criterion is validated through series interface fracture experiments. The proposed criterion may provide a novel framework for the analysis of interface fracture under complex loading conditions.
Wind Power Deterministic Prediction and Uncertainty Quantification Based on Interval Estimation
Authors: Huang Hui , Jia Rong , Liang Jun , Dang Jian , Wang Zhengmian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
With the increasing penetration of wind power into modern power systems, accurate forecast models play a crucial role in large-scale wind power consumption and power system stability. To improve the accuracy and reliability of ultrashort-term wind power prediction, a novel deterministic prediction model and uncertainty quantification with interval estimation were proposed in this study. In consideration of the dynamic characteristics of a generator and conditional dependence, the generator rotor speed and pitch angle were regarded as the indicators of the dynamic characteristics of the generator, and light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) with a Bayesian optimization method was explored to build the deterministic prediction model. Considering the conditional dependence between output power and forecast error, a fuzzy C-means clustering method was used to cluster forecast errors into different clusters, and the best error probability distribution was obtained by fitting the error histogram with nonparametric kernel density estimation. Prediction intervals at different confidence levels were calculated, and the error uncertainty was quantified. A case study was conducted to compare prediction accuracy and reliability by using the present and proposed methods. Results demonstrate that the LGBM deterministic prediction model combined with Bayesian optimization has better prediction accuracy and lower computational cost than the comparative models, specifically when the input features are high-dimensional big data. The nonparametric estimation method with conditional dependence is reliable for interval prediction. The proposed method has a certain reference value for wind turbines participating in frequency regulation and power control of power grid.
Progress in Railway Mechanical Engineering 2019 – 2020 Survey – Locomotives
Authors: Mast Timothy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This survey reports on motive power developments for the previous year ending in August 2020. Invitations to collaborate were sent to several locomotive builders and railroads. The survey looks at the scope of new and rebuilt motive power during the past year. During this time, several Class 1 railroads have heavily adopted the rebuilding and modernization of existing motive power. The survey also looks at how the needs of the railroads are changing in terms of motive power both due to Precision Scheduled Railroading (PSR) and also due to the novel Coronavirus pandemic. Finally, this survey will conclude with a look back at the high horsepower race following the retirement of the EMD SD80MAC locomotives from Class 1 ownership.
An Experimental Study of the Influence of the Amount of Top-Of-Rail Friction Modifiers on Traction
Authors: Pan Yu , Radmehr Ahmad , Tajaddini Ali , Ahmadian Mehdi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study presents an experimental study of the effect of Top-of-Rail Friction Modifiers (TORFM) in quantities ranging from a small to a large amount on the progression of wheel-rail wear, using the Virginia Tech-FRA (VT-FRA) roller rig. TORFM behaves as a third body layer in between the wheel and rail and is applied to reduce wheel and rail wear while preserving a stable traction condition. An added benefit of TORFM is that it is estimated that it can reduce fuel consumption by controlling friction, although we are not aware of any proven data in support of this. Although widely used by the U.S. Class I railroads, there exists no proven method for determining, qualitatively or quantitatively, how the amount of TORFM and rail/wheel wear are related. Simply put, would increasing TORFM amount by a factor of two reduce wheel/rail wear and damage by one-half? How would such doubling effect traction or the longevity of TORFM on the wheel/rail surface? In this study, the VT-FRA roller rig is used to perform a series of tests under highly controlled conditions to shed more light on answering these questions. A series of controlled experiments are designed and performed in order to investigate the potential factors that may influence the traction performance. The wheel surface profile is measured by a high-precision, 3D, laser profiler to measure the progression of wheel wear for the duration of the experiments. The results indicate that it takes as much longer time for the traction force (traction coefficient) to reach a condition that is the same as the unlubricated rail, when compared between lightly-, moderately-, and heavily-lubricated conditions. The results further indicate that wear generation is delayed significantly among all lubrication conditions — even, the lightly-lubricated — when compared with the unlubricated conditions. A further evaluation of the results and additional tests are needed to provide further insight into some of the preliminary results that we have observed thus far.
Develop a New Approach Measuring the Wheel/Rail Interaction Loads
Authors: Boronenko Yuriy , Rahimov Rustam , Lafta Waail Mahmod 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Determine and control the impact of rolling stock on the railway track, one of the significant subjects of railway engineering, especially with heavy traffic and innovative freight cars with increased axle loads. Different methods utilized to measure the lateral impact of rolling stock on a railway based on the use of strain gauges installed on the rail differ in the location of strain gauges and the specifics of processing the received signals. The shortage of these methods that the lateral force arising from the wheel/rail interaction determined when the wheel position over the strain gauges sections. Therefore, continuous registration of details in the wheel/rail contact is impossible. Multiple passes of the test rolling stock along the measuring section are required to receive the right results.
In this article, a new method developed to continue recording the lateral forces of the wheel/rail interaction by measuring stresses in two sections of the rail on a significant part of the sleeper space. The railway track experiments approved this method’s ability to restore the lateral force of not more than 4% standard deviation along the measuring zone’s length and increased the volume of reliable statistical data obtained, improved the measurement accuracy, and reduced the time and cost.
Effect of Longitudinal Fastener Stiffness on Fastening System Loading - Initial Findings
Authors: Khachaturian Christian J. , Dersch Marcus S. , Edwards J. Riley , Trizotto Matheus 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Over the past 20 years, there have been at least 10 derailments due to spike fatigue failures in North America. Researchers believe that fatigue failure is caused by a combination of lateral and longitudinal spike loading. The literature indicates the vertical load and fastener friction must be considered when estimating failure locations. Though the in-track vertical, lateral, and longitudinal fastener forces have been quantified at a location that has experienced spike failures, there is a need to account for additional fasteners and track locations. Fastening systems can affect track stiffness, thus, laboratory experimentation was performed to quantify stiffness of multiple fastening systems. This data was input into an analytical model which quantified the effect of stiffness on longitudinal fastener loading. The data indicate there is significant variance in fastening system stiffness within, and between, systems. However, this variation in fastener stiffness has a reduced effect on the load transferred to the fastening system. More work is needed to validate this in the lab or field given variability within a system could lead to stress concentrations that are not fully captured using the current idealized analytical method.