bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between the Fatty Liver Index (FLI) and incident coronary heart disease: insights from a cohort study on the Chinese population
Authors: Miao Ying , Wang Yu , Yan Pijun , Li Yi , Chen Zhuang , Tong Nanwei , Wan Qin 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe debate persists regarding whether metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) actively contributes to coronary heart disease or merely acts as a passive indicator.ObjectiveThis research aims to clarify the relationship between liver fat accumulation, as quantified by FLI, and the risk of developing coronary heart disease.MethodsConducted from April to November 2011, the REACTION project, spearheaded by the Endocrinology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, focused on Chinese adults aged 40 and above. Comprehensive data collection employed both questionnaires and specialized medical equipment, covering physical measurements, blood pressure, and pertinent biochemical markers. The study population excluded those with pre-existing coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. Based on the initial data, participants were segmented and grouped into three categories. Analytically, the study utilized Cox proportional hazards models, further enhanced by stratified analyses to identify variations within predefined demographic groups.ResultsIn this study, we enrolled 8,647 participants, comprising 2,887 males and 5,760 females. Over the 10-year non-interventional follow-up period, 433 participants (5%) passed away due to various reasons, with 55 deaths attributed to coronary heart disease/myocardial infarction, accounting for 12.7% of total deaths. Additionally, 484 participants were diagnosed with new-onset coronary heart disease, resulting in an incidence rate of 5.5%. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between FLI and traditional risk factors for coronary heart disease, including age, male gender, abnormal glucose metabolism, hypertension, smoking, TG, TC, LDL-C, etc. The Log-rank test indicated a rising cumulative incidence of coronary heart disease with increasing FLI groupings (P&lt;0.01). Moreover, Cox regression analysis highlighted a notable correlation between FLI levels as a risk factor and the onset of coronary heart disease. After adjusting for other risk factors, individuals in the 30≤FLI&lt;60 group exhibited a 1.203-fold higher risk of coronary heart disease compared to those in the FLI&lt;30 group (p=0.126), while participants in the FLI≥60 group had a 1.386-fold higher risk than those in the FLI&lt;30 group (p=0.041).ConclusionElevated FLI values are strongly associated with an increased susceptibility to coronary heart disease, indicating its potential value as a prognostic marker for the condition.
Fe(II)-loaded goat manure biochar efficiently activated peroxymonosulfate for tetracycline degradation in groundwater
Authors: Fan Lianjie , Xie Qinglin , Li Yanhong , Zou Shengzhang , Lu Haiping , Li Su Ling , Li Xiaoxiao 
Published: December 2024

Poultry manure is one of the important sources of antibiotic pollution in agricultural soil and groundwater. Recently, the excessive discharge of goat manure has resulted in groundwater environmental challenges and negative impacts. It is of practical significance that such wastes can be converted into functional materials to promote the resource utilization of waste and reduce the risk of antibiotic contamination. In this study, Fe (Ⅱ)-loaded goat manure biochar (Fe-GMC) was prepared by pyrolyzing goat manure and iron salts and used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for tetracycline (TC) degradation in groundwater. The as-prepared Fe-GMC exhibited good catalytic performance for PMS activation due to its porous surface and rich oxygen-containing groups. Under the conditions of catalyst dosage of 0.2 g/L, PMS dosage of 1.0 mM, and pH of 3.0, TC was removed 81.3% within 60 min. In addition, the TC degradation efficiency was inhibited to different extents by inorganic anions (HCO3−&gt;Cl−&gt;NO3−) in water. Furthermore, the quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra analysis indicated that the generation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) was responsible for TC degradation. Particularly, Fe-GMC produces a strong oxidizing agent. This study provides an efficient and environmentally friendly tetracycline degradation catalyst, which offers a new theoretical basis for water environmental remediation.
Impacts of thermal and cold discharge from power plants on marine benthos and its mitigation measures: a systematic review
Authors: Leng Qingxue , Mohamat-Yusuff Ferdaus , Mohamed Khairul Nizam , Zainordin Nazatul Syadia , Hassan Mohd Zafri 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionPower plants discharge thermal and cold effluents that significantly alter marine environments, impacting various organisms, including benthic communities. While thermal discharge has received considerable research attention, the impacts of cold discharge remain underexplored. This systematic review synthesizes existing research on the effects of power plant discharges on marine benthic ecosystems.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted using Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, following PRISMA guidelines, covering studies from 1974 to 2024. A total of 58 articles were included in this review. CiteSpace was used to visualize trends, and statistical analysis was conducted to assess relationships between environmental parameters and changes in benthic abundance.ResultsA significant negative correlation was observed between temperature differentials, ambient temperature, and benthic abundance. Thermal discharge generally led to reduced benthic diversity and abundance, with occasional increases under low ambient temperatures. Cold discharge effects remain less documented, with evidence primarily focused on phytoplankton and fish. Additionally, dissolved oxygen, pH, and bottom sediment composition were significantly altered by power plant discharge. Detection and mitigation measures are crucial to managing these impacts. Mitigation measures include distributed discharge for cold effluents, advanced heat recovery systems, and careful site selection to minimize impacts on sensitive ecosystems. Long-term management and adaptive strategies are essential to reduce adverse effects and maintain ecological balance.DiscussionThermal discharges adversely impact marine benthic organisms by decreasing biodiversity and changing community structure, largely due to elevated temperatures and reduced oxygen levels. Cold discharges present unique challenges that require further research to fully understand their ecological impacts. Mitigation measures, such as distributed discharge for cold effluents and advanced heat recovery systems for thermal discharges, are essential to minimize the environmental impact of power plant operations.
The interactions of spontaneous abortion, dietary intake of selenium, and fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) genotype: a case-control study in Iran
Authors: Nooriani Narjes , Saeedirad Zahra , Shekari Soheila , Nami Sheyda , Mahmoudi Zahra , Abbasi Mobarakeh Khadijeh , Adabi Somayyeh Bararnia , Khodarahmi Shiva , Bahmani Parsa , Doaei Saeid , Ajami Marjan , Gholamalizadeh Maryam 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSpontaneous abortion (SA) is reported to be associated with Fat Mass And Obesity-Associated FTO genotype and dietary intake of selenium. This research assessed the potential interactions between the risk of SA, dietary selenium intake, and the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism.MethodsThis case-control study encompassed 192 women who experienced SA and 347 control participants. Dietary selenium intake was evaluated using a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and Nutritionist IV software. The FTO gene was genotyped for rs9939609 polymorphism.ResultThe findings showed that there were no significant variations in the case and control groups’ dietary selenium intake. A lower selenium intake was inversely associated with SA only among individuals with the TT genotype of the FTO gene (β = −0.19, p = 0.04). The results remained unchanged when age, BMI, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and calorie intake were taken into account.ConclusionA link may exist between selenium consumption and SA, especially in individuals with the TT genotype in the FTO gene. These findings underline the influence of genetic factors on how dietary intake impacts SA. Further investigation is required to validate these conclusions.
Construction of a clinically significant prostate cancer risk prediction model based on traditional diagnostic methods
Authors: Ji Wen-Tong , Wang Yong-Kun , Han Zhan-Yang , Wang Si-Qi , Wang Yao 
Published: December 2024

Objectivesto construct a prediction model for clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, digital rectal examination (DRE), and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS).MethodsWe retrospectively analysed 1196 Asian patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUSB) between June 2000 and February 2023. Patients were randomly divided into a training set of 837 cases (70%) and a validation set of 359 patients (30%). A csPCa risk prediction model was established using the logistic regression. The performance of the model was examined based on calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curves (CIC).ResultsSerum PSA levels, age, DRE results, prostatic shape, prostatic border and hypoechoic area were associated with pathological outcomes. The area under the ROC curve of the training set was 0.890 (95%CI: 0.865-0.816). The optimal cut-off value was 0.279. The calibration curves indicated good calibration, and the DCA and CIC results demonstrated good clinical utility. Significantly, the prediction model has higher negative predictive value (89.8%) and positive predictive value (68.0%) compared with MRI. Subsequently, we developed an online calculator (https://jiwentong0.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/) with six variables for biopsy optimization.ConclusionThis study incorporated the results of three traditional diagnostic methods to establish a cost-effective and highly accurate model for predicting csPCa before biopsy. With this model, we aim to provide a non-invasive and cost-effective tool for csPCa detection in Asia and other underdeveloped areas.
Insights into the salinity tolerance of the succulent halophyte Arthrocnemum macrostachyum: comparative ecophysiology of plants from heteromorphic seeds
Authors: Nisar Farah , Hameed Abdul , Gul Bilquees , Aziz Irfan , Nielsen Brent L. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionLittle is known about the similarities and differences in responses of plants grown from heteromorphic seeds, which are morpho-physiologically dissimilar seeds produced simultaneously on the same plant. MethodsIn this context, we studied how plants grown from heteromorphic (i.e. black and brown) seeds of the succulent halophyte Arthrocnemum macrostachyum respond to increasing salt levels during growth by modulating their physio-chemical processes. ResultsPlants germinated from both black and brown seeds did not show any significant growth reduction and chlorophyll a content decline at moderate salinity (300 mM NaCl) compared to non-saline controls. High salinity (900 mM NaCl), on the other hand, caused decreased growth and sap Ψs in plants derived from either seed type. In plants emerged from brown but not black seeds, high salinity increased the activity of all H2O2-detoxifying antioxidant enzymes as well as GSH level. Under conditions of high salinity, plants obtained from both types of seeds exhibited signs of lipid peroxidation in the form of elevated malondialdehyde levels. DiscussionOur findings thus point to metabolic variability in A. macrostachyum plants growing from heteromorphic seeds under salt stress.
Motor skill experience modulates attentional processing regardless of open- or closed-skill types: an ERP study
Authors: Aly Mohamed , Alzahrani Turki , Fakehy Mohammed , Abass Mohamed , Mohamed Sheref 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAttentional engagement, the ability to maintain focus on relevant tasks, plays a crucial role in optimizing human performance. Studies have shown that athletes exhibit superior attentional engagement compared to non-athletes; however, it remains unclear if these benefits persist in non-sport-related tasks or differ across types of sports expertise, such as open-skill versus closed-skill sports.MethodsNinety-three young adults, divided into open-skill athletes (n = 31), closed-skill athletes (n = 31), and a control group (n = 31), completed an auditory oddball task while the P3 component of event-related potentials was measured to assess attentional processing. Aerobic fitness was assessed using the YMCA fitness test, and linear regression models, adjusted for confounders, examined the relationship between aerobic fitness and attentional processing.ResultsFindings revealed that both open- and closed-skill athletes exhibited significantly larger P3 amplitudes than non-athletes, indicating enhanced attentional engagement. However, no significant differences in response time or response accuracy were observed between the groups. Hierarchical regression analysis further demonstrated a positive correlation between aerobic fitness and P3 amplitude, underscoring the role of aerobic fitness in cognitive processing.ConclusionThese findings suggest that participation in either open- or closed-skill sports can enhance attentional engagement beyond the sports context in healthy young adults, with aerobic fitness playing a key role in supporting cognitive performance. Additionally, this study extends previous findings from Western and Asian literature by providing evidence from an Egyptian sample, thereby supporting the generalizability of the cognitive benefits of aerobic fitness and sports participation across different cultural contexts.
Effectiveness of individualized rTMS under sMRI guidance in reducing depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in adolescents with depressive disorders: an open-label study
Authors: Sun Yuyong , Liu Xiaoyan , Li Yi , Zhi Qianna , Xia Yong 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundMajor Depressive Disorder (MDD) is occurring at a progressively younger age, and suicide is now the second leading cause of death among adolescents with MDD. Studies have shown that structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) can improve the positioning accuracy and anti-depressant effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), thereby reducing suicidal ideation.ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of sMRI-guided rTMS combined with pharmacotherapy, surface 5-cm rTMS positioning combined with pharmacotherapy, and pharmacotherapy alone on reducing depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation (SI) in MDD adolescents.MethodsThis was an open-label study of adjustable-dose pharmacotherapy combined with rTMS for the treatment of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in MDD adolescents. The three study groups were as follows: sMRI navigation for individualized rTMS coordinates targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and in combination with pharmacotherapy for 10 rTMS sessions over two weeks; surface 5-cm positioning for DLPFC in combination with pharmacotherapy for 10 rTMS sessions over two weeks; pharmacotherapy. All patients received only one type of SSRIs anti-depressant. A total of 123 Chinese adolescents aged 13-18 with MDD were enrolled, and psychological parameters were evaluated in the first and second weeks of treatment.ResultsFollowing treatment, the clinical symptoms improved in all three groups. The sMRI navigation group exhibited significantly more improvement in depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, without severe adverse reactions.ConclusionTen sessions of rTMS treatment are feasible and effective in improving depressive symptoms and reducing SI in MDD adolescents. The combination of sMRI navigation rTMS and pharmacotherapy was found to yield the best outcomes.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.medicalresearch.org.cn/index, identifier MR-33-24-030536.
Nitrification and urease inhibitors reduce gaseous N losses and improve nitrogen use efficiency in wheat exposed to elevated CO2 and temperature
Authors: Chakrabarti Bidisha , Bhatia Arti , Sharma Shikha , Tomer Ritu , Sharma Abhilasha , Paul Ankita , Kumar Vinod , Sutton Mark A. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionClimate change significantly impacts food production by influencing crop growth and soil processes. Rising atmospheric CO2 levels and temperatures may affect reactive nitrogen losses from cultivated soils. This study aimed to quantify the effects of nitrification and urease inhibitors on reactive nitrogen losses from wheat soils in the context of elevated CO2 and temperature interactions.MethodsAn experiment was conducted in open top chambers for two consecutive years to quantify the effect of nitrification and urease inhibitors on ammonia (NH3), and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in wheat under elevated carbon dioxide (EC), elevated temperature (ET) and their interaction (ECT). The carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration ranged from 552 to 568 ppm in the EC treatment, while the average temperature was 2.1–2.5°C higher in ET treatment than ambient (AMB).Results and discussionThe N2O–N emission increased under ECT than ambient. Use of neem oil coated urea (NOCU) reduced the N2O–N emission by 10.3%, whereas, Limus coated urea reduced N2O–N emission by 14% as compared to prilled urea treatment under ECT. NH3–N emission from wheat soil also increased under ECT treatment as compared to AMB. Application of N through Limus, reduced NH3–N emission from wheat by 35.7–36.8% when compared with NH3–N emission from prilled urea ECT condition. Elevated temperature reduced grain weight by 7.6%. The grain N content reduced by 10.9% with prilled urea under ECT. The application of NOCU and Limus increased grain N by 6 and 9%, respectively, as compared to urea under ECT interaction. The application of nitrification and urease inhibitors may reduce reactive nitrogen losses and enhance nitrogen use efficiency under future climatic conditions.
Photoluminescence Properties of X-Ray Generated Divalent Sm in Mechanochemically Prepared Nanocrystalline CaF₂:Sm3+
Authors: Rozaila Z. Siti , Riesen Nicolas , Riesen Hans 
Published: December 2024

In this study, the mechanochemical preparation of nanocrystalline CaF2:Sm3+ by ball milling calcium acetate hydrate, samarium (III) acetate hydrate, and ammonium fluoride is reported. The photoluminescence of the as-prepared CaF2:Sm3+ shows predominantly Sm3+ 4G5/2 → 6HJ(J = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2, and 11/2) f-f luminescence, but intense electric dipole allowed 4f55d (T1u) → 4f6 7F1 (T1g) luminescence by Sm2+ was generated upon X-irradiation. In comparison with the co-precipitated CaF2:Sm3+, the conversion of Sm3+→ Sm2+ in the ball-milled sample upon X-irradiation is significantly lower. Importantly, the present results indicate that the crystallite size and X-ray storage phosphor properties of the lanthanide-doped nanocrystalline CaF2 can be modified by adjusting the ball milling time, dopant concentration and post-annealing treatment, yielding crystallite sizes as low as 6 nm under specific experimental conditions.
Simple and Efficient Synthesis of N-Succinimidyl-4-[18F]fluorobenzoate ([18F]SFB)—An Important Intermediate for the Introduction of Fluorine-18 into Complex Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Orlovskaya Viktoriya V. , Fedorova Olga S. , Viktorov Nikolai B. , Krasikova Raisa N. 
Published: December 2024

Background: N-succinimidyl-[18F]fluorobenzoate ([18F]SFB) is commonly prepared through a three-step procedure starting from [18F]fluoride ion. A number of methods for the single-step radiosynthesis of [18F]SFB have been introduced recently, including the radiofluorination of diaryliodonium salts and the Cu-mediated 18F-fluorination of pinacol aryl boronates and aryl tributyl stannanes, but they still have the drawbacks of lengthy product purification procedures. In the present work, two approaches for the direct labeling of [18F]SFB from diaryliodonium (DAI) salt (4) and pinacol aryl boronate (6) are evaluated, with a major focus on developing a fast and simple SPE-based purification procedure. Methods: DAI salt precursor 6 was labeled employing the common “minimalist” approach with a two-step reaction heating sequence. The Cu-mediated radiofluorination of 4 was accomplished using Bu4NOTf as a phase transfer catalyst for the elution of [18F]fluoride, followed by radiofluorination in the same solvent. Several types of SPE cartridges were tested in the elution and SPE procedures. Results: The Cu-mediated 18F-fluorination of the pinacol aryl boronate precursor afforded a higher RCC of 56 ± 3% (n = 7), making it better suited for the one-pot synthesis of [18F]SFB. SPE-based purification was achieved using cation exchange and reverse-phase polymer resin cartridges, connected in series. In a full-batch test, [18F]SFB was obtained with an RCY of 30% (n. d. c.), RCP > 99%, Am 96–155 GBq/µmol, and a synthesis time of ≤35 min. Conclusions: Compared to other published methods, [18F]SFB production via the Cu-mediated radiofluorination of pinacol aryl boronate precursor provides significant time and cost savings, coupled with an ease of implementation.
The Impact of Fertility on the Female Employment Rate in the Samarkand Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Tairova A. T. 
Published: December 2024

The article presents some results of a study on the impact of fertility on women's employment using the example of the Samarkand region of the Republic of Uzbekistan based on data for 2014–2023. The author emphasizes the growing relevance of these issues due to the continuing key role of women in the country's economic development and raising the living standards.Issues of gender equality in the labor market are considered with an emphasis on the impact of fertility on women's employment. It is noted that ensuring gender equality is embedded in the UN Sustainable Development Goals and is studied by many international organizations.The study used methods of trend analysis, correlation and regression analysis, and a projection of possible scenarios based on special and total fertility rates. The described methodology includes several complementary methods of data analysis that allow a comprehensive assessment of the impact of fertility on female employment and modelling potential changes in employment levels with changes in fertility.The study showed a close direct relationship between the female employment rate and the overall employment rate in the region, as well as an inverse relationship between the fertility rate and female employment, which hinders their active participation in labor activity. The author concluded that a high fertility rate hurts the female employment rate since women are often forced to leave work to take care of their children. In this regard, the need to develop public policies aimed at supporting women in combining work and family responsibilities, improving access to preschool educational institutions and increasing the efficiency of their functioning is emphasized. Addressing the problems associated with women's return to the labor market after the birth of children can help reduce gender differences in employment.
О ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ АКАДЕМИКА В.И. ВЕРНАДСКОГО В СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОМ УЧЕНОМ КОМИТЕТЕ ПРИ МИНИСТЕРСТВЕ ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЯ
Authors: Янин Е.П. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассказывается о научно-организационной деятельности академика В.И. Вернадского в качестве председателя Сельскохозяйственного ученого комитета при Министерстве земледелия. Работа в Комитете, по словам Вернадского, открыла для него новый мир и имела значение для формирования его научного мировоззрения. Именно в это время он окончательно убедился в том, что в окружающей нас природе - в биосфере - живые организмы играют важнейшую геохимическую роль.
The article describes the scientific and organizational activities of Academician V.I. Vernadsky as Chairman of the Agricultural Scientific Committee under the Ministry of Agriculture.