bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MRI- and CT-venography in the diagnosis of hemodynamic disorders in patients suffering from lower extremities chronic venous disorders. Part II. Possibilities of MRI in diagnostics of the deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Shajdakov E. V. , Sannikov A. B. , Emelyanenko V. M. , Kryukova L. N. , Baranova A. E. , Rachkov M. A. 
Published: March 2021

In this literature review, the analysis of the studies of venous blood flow pathology in the inferior Vena cava system using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is carried out. Special attention is paid to the attempts made to use this method in the diagnosis of chronic lower limb vein disorders (CVD) through magnetic resonance venography (MRV). Historically and methodically, the gradual introduction of MRV methods in the diagnosis of lower limb vein thrombosis (LEDVT) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been shown.Methods of non-contrast MRV based on the effect of blood flow, as in the case of MR-Angiography, are divided into two principal groups: methods based on the amplitude effects of Time-of-Flight (TOF) and methods based on Phase Contrast effects (PC). Techniques for conducting contrast-free MRV are described in detail. Attention is paid to pulse sequences used in the world for visualization of veins in contrast-free MRV in TOF and PC mode (FR-FBI, SPADE, SSFP) and post-processing methods: 2D-TOF MRV FLASH, 2D-TOF MRV CRASS, FIPS, VED, VENS.Contrast-enhanced MRV (CE MRV) is based on the use of “blood pool” contrast agents, which feature the ability to form stable compounds with blood plasma proteins. Worldwidesubstances with magnetic and supermagnetic properties based on gadolinium or iron oxide are used as contrast agents for CE MRV. The result of using these contrast agents is an increase in the quality of visualization due to a better signal to noise ratio (SNR) using 3D image processing (3D CE MRV) using fast sequences: GRE, TFLAS, VESPA, CAT, in conditions of direct and indirect CE MRV.It is noted that in recent years, certain restrictions have been imposed on certain linear contrast agents containing gadolinium in their further use. Therefore, for the purpose of CE MRV, it is efficientl to use only cyclic contrast agents to avoid unnecessary risks.Contrast-free MRV has again received intensive development in recent years, due to the restrictions imposed, one of these methods is direct thrombus imaging (Direct Thrombus Imaging – DTI or Magnetic Resonance Direct Thrombus Imaging - MRDTI) using fast pulse sequences: bSSFP, BBTI, DANTE. The latest research on this LEDVT diagnostic method was published in 2019 and has shown high diagnostic value.For all the most commonly used methods of MRV, specificity and sensitivity are shown.Further MRV in patients with CVD and DVT is a promising diagnostic task in modern phlebology. MRV should be introduced into clinical practice more actively than it is today.
Comparison of laxatives used in CT colonography with full bowel preparation
Authors: Meshcheryakov A. I. , Gurova N. Yu. , Pugacheva O. G. , Barykov M. R. , Sergeev V. A. , Morozov S. P. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose. Our study aimed to identify an optimal full-cleanse bowel preparation scheme for patients undergoing CT colonography.Material and methods. The final sample included 118 patients: 81 females (68.6%), with the median age being 75 years (IQR 675-80 years). For bowel preparation 39 (33.1%) patients used PM/Ca, 36 (30.5%) – 2 L PEG + Asc, 19 (16.1%) – 3 L PEG, 24 (20.3%) – 4 L PEG. Otherwise, the preparation did not differ in all four groups. Visual assessment of residual stool, residual fluid, and distension degree was performed using a 4-point Likert scale. The patient’s subjective tolerance assessment was executed according to the survey results using a 5-point Likert scale.Results. There were no statistically significant differences in quality of bowel preparation in all four groups. Mean value of the total residual stool score in groups was 46.2 ± 2.87 for PM/Ca; 46.9 ± 2.34 for 2 L PEG + Asc; 46.5 ± 1.98 for 3 L PEG; 45.9 ± 3.18 for 4 L PEG (p > 0.05). The median of the total residual fluid score in groups was 36 (33–38) for PM/Ca; 36.5 (34–39) for 2 L PEG + Asc; 37 (36–39) for 3 L PEG; 36 (34–40) for 4 L PEG (p > 0.05). Mean value of the total distention degree score in groups was 43 ± 4.34 for PM/Ca; 44.6 ± 3.13 for 2 L PEG + Asc; 44.2 ± 3.98 for 3 L PEG; 43.5 ± 4.9 for 4 L PEG (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the patient tolerance total score, depending on the laxative (p = 0.001). The total preparation score was significantly lower for PM/Ca when compared with 2 L PEG + Asc. (p = 0.021), 3 L PEG (p = 0.001), and 4 L PEG (p = 0.043).Conclusion. Use of PM/Ca in CTC preparation lowers the burden of full cleanse exam preparation and can be recommended as a safe laxative choice, including senior age patients.
The Role of Intangible Assets of Scientific Research Human Resources
Authors: Ha Mai , Van Hoa Nguyen 
Published: March 2021

The article provides analysis of the scientific concepts and contents related to the intangible assets of scientific research human resources. With scientific arguments, the author gives his views to the important role of intangible assets of science and technology human resources in general and scientific research human resources in particular. In the process of designing policies for development of science and technology human resource, policy makers should take into account the intangible assets of scientific research human resources to create an adequate environment for scientific creative labor and to provide right assessments of the value of creative work in research and development activities.
Keywords
Intangible asset, scientific research, development policy, scientific creative work, scientific research human resource, innovation.
References
[1] M. Ha, H.V. Tuyen, D.T. Truong, Science and Technology Enterprises: From the Theory to Practice, ISBN 978-604-67-0481-2, Science and Technics Publishing House, Ha Noi, Vietnam, 2015 (in Vietnamese)[2] M. Ha, Innovation and Scientificiy of the term “innovation” in the sence of “innovation” in policy research in Vietnam The Sc. Journal of Sociology. ISSN 2615-9163, 3 (147) (2019) 3-10 (in Vietnamese).[3] OECD, Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development, Frascati Manual, 2005.[4] M. Ha, Specific Particularities of S&T Research Labor Sc. Journal of S&T Policy and Management, ISSN 1859-3801, 1(1) (2011) 4-10 (in Vietnamese).[5] M. Ha (Key Editor), Q&A on Industrialization and Modelization, Youth Publishing House, Ha Noi, 1997 (in Vietnamese),[6] M. Ha, The Role of Intelligensia in Economic Development and International Integration (in Vietnamese). Journal of Science: Policy and Management Studies. ISSN 0866-8612, 31(1) (2015).
Circumferential intradural meningioma of the thoracic spine: Case report and literature review
Authors: Bisht Sneha , Laurente Raphael , George K Joshi 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Meningiomas are common intradural extramedullary spinal tumors with a predilection for the thoracic spine. They are mostly benign (90%), with only a few showing malignant potential. However, circumferential intradural meningiomas surrounding the spinal cord are exceptionally rare. Here, we present a 40-year-old patient with a T6-T7 circumferential lesion who underwent surgery. In addition, we reviewed three similar cases previously reported in the literature.

Case Description:
A 40-year-old female presented with paraparesis. Imaging demonstrated a T6-T7 thoracic circumferential intradural lesion, considered to most likely be a meningioma. At surgery, the posterolateral portion of the tumor was removed, but there was residual ventral disease. The tumor recurred several years later, and was again partially removed, now leaving her with a residual neurological deficit. Three similar cases of circumferential meningiomas, one cervical and two thoracic, were reported from the literature.

Conclusion:
Circumferential meningiomas pose unique and significant surgical challenges, particularly since resection of the posterolateral components is feasible, but some tumor may have to be left ventrally to avoid injury to the anterior spinal artery, that may recur.
Rational Construction of Organic Electronic Devices Based on S-Indacene Fragments
Authors: Haridas Hemanth 
Published: March 2021

Herein, we report the computational investigation of s-indacene as a viable candidate for the construction of organic electronic devices. We also investigate the effect of molecular topology on the frontier energy levels of the s-indacene fragments and the possibility of tuning the frontier energy levels by a rational choice of substituents and bridging groups. The rationale behind the choice of s-indacene fragments as the basis for the construction of 2D organic electronic devices with tailor-made properties can be extended towards the construction of other 2D covalent organic frameworks with applications in organic electronics and spintronics.
Análise espacial da tuberculose em Santa Catarina correlacionando com determinantes sociais e de saúde
Authors: Mendonça Sérgio Adam , Franco Selma Cristina , Vieira Celso Voos , Do Prado Rosana Leal 
Published: March 2021

A distribuição espacial da tuberculose e sua relação com marcadores demográficos, ambientais e socioeconômicos tem gerado informações relevantes para aprimorar a vigilância epidemiológica e a avaliação de serviços de saúde. O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar a distribuição espacial da tuberculose no Estado de Santa Catarina entre 2005 e 2015, correlacionando com indicadores socioeconômicos, demográficos e de saúde. Realizou-se um estudo ecológico cuja análise espacial utilizou a técnica de polígonos. Na análise exploratória foram utilizadas as taxas brutas de incidência e taxas suavizadas pelo método bayesiano empírico. A autocorrelação espacial das taxas de incidência brutas e suavizadas foi determinada pelo índice Global de Moran e clusters pelo índice Local de Moran. Realizou-se uma modelagem com 20 indicadores indicadores utilizando a variável dependente "incidência de tuberculose" e regressão multivariada. A distribuição da tuberculose apresentou correlação espacial positiva com maior concentração na região nordeste do estado e, também, na faixa litorânea (p=0,001). No melhor modelo houve correlação inversa entre a incidência de tuberculose e o índice de Gini (p<0,001), e correlação direta com a taxa de desocupação de 18 anos ou mais (P<0,001), percentual de pessoas de 15 a 24 anos vulneráveis (p=0,011), domicílios com mais de duas pessoas por dormitório (p=0,011), aumento da população (p=0,003) e incidência de HIV (p<0,001). Conclui-se que em Santa Catarina, há autocorrelação espacial da tuberculose com concentração nos conglomerados urbanos das maiores cidades, nas quais o padrão socioeconômico é mais elevado com aumento populacional recente e receptoras de fluxo migratório.
Projeções da temperatura da superfície na bacia hidrográfica do rio Tietê – SP para o final do Século XXI
Authors: Lemes Murilo da Costa Ruv , Reboita Michelle Simões , Torres Roger Rodrigues , Fisch Gilberto F 
Published: March 2021

A bacia hidrográfica do rio Tietê tem sido afetada por mudanças em seu uso e cobertura do solo, principalmente às margens do rio Tietê, que influenciam diretamente a temperatura da superfície (Ts). Nesse contexto, o objetivo do trabalho é caracterizar sazonalmente a Ts na referida bacia e apresentar projeções dessa variável obtidas com o modelo ETA em alta resolução (5 km) nos cenários RCP4.5 e RCP8.5 e considerando 3 intervalos temporais: 2006-2040, 2040-2070, 2070-2100. Até o final do século XXI algumas áreas da bacia do rio Tietê, bem como sua região de foz, poderão apresentar aumento de até 5º C (8º C) no período entre 2070 - 2100 do cenário RCP4.5 (8.5), o que pode impactar tanto as atividades econômicas quanto o cotidiano da população. Projections of surface temperature in the hydrographic basin of the Tietê river - SP for the end of the 21st century A B S T R A C TThe hydrographic basin of the Tietê river has been affected by changes in its use and land cover, mainly on its banks, which directly influence the surface temperature (Ts). In this context, the objective of the work is to seasonally characterize the Ts in the referred basin and present projections of this variable obtained with the ETA model in high resolution (5 km), under the scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, and considering 3-time slices: 2006-2040, 2040-2070, 2070-2100. Some calculations (such as climatological averages and bias) were necessary to understand the magnitude of the changes that have occurred and those that may occur. By the end of the 21st century, some areas of the Tietê river basin, as well as its mouth region, may show an increase of up to 5º C (8º C) in the period between 2070 - 2100 of the RCP4.5 (8.5) scenario, which may impact both economic activities and the daily lives of the population.Keywords: Climate Change; Hydrographic Basin; Sao Paulo
Análise Descritiva da Precipitação, Temperatura, Umidade e Tendências Climáticas no Recife - Pe
Authors: Guedes Roni Valter de Souza , Silva Thiago Luiz do Vale 
Published: March 2021

Os efeitos das mudanças climáticas sobre as principais variáveis atmosféricas locais é o objeto deste estudo, a partir de dados de 1961 a 2019 para a localidade do Recife-PE. A metodologia engloba uma análise exploratória e descritiva com distribuição de frequencia por faixas de intensidades pluviométricas e identificação de tendências em escalas temporais diversificadas em meses, quadras, estações, anos e décadas das variaveis precipitação, temperaturas e umidade do ar. Verificou-se redução das precipitações em algumas faixas intermediárias e aumento dos dias sem chuva, chuvas leves e chuvas intensas, com tendência anual da precipitação de diminuição ao longo das décadas. Observou-se também tendências de aumento das temperaturas máximas, mínimas e diminuição das umidades, com taxas diferenciadas entre os meses secos e chuvosos, com maiores variações nas estações de transição e indicativo de verões mais quentes e secos. A conclusão é que o clima do Recife está mudando alguns padrões climatológicos, com tendência de chuvas extremas durante a quadra chuvosa e provável aumento de ondas de calor fora do periodo chuvoso. Descriptive Analysis of Precipitation, Temperature, Humidity and Climate Trends in Recife - PE A B S T R A C TThis study aims to describe and evaluate the changes and trends of meteorological variables in Recife - PE during the period from 1961 to 2019 and verify indications of climatic changes over the Region. The methodology includes an exploratory and descriptive analysis with frequency distribution by ranges of rainfall intensity and identifying trends in temporal scales of precipitation, temperatures, and air humidity. The results pointed a precipitation reduction in ranges between 10 to 70 mm, an increase in the number of days without rain, in rains below 10 mm, and rains with intensity above 100 mm, however, with a trend in the annual accumulated rainfall reduction in recent decades. There was an evident trend towards increasing maximum and minimum temperatures and decreasing relative humidity in the air, with different rates between the dry and rainy months, with emphasis on more significant variations in the transition seasons and indicative of hotter and drier summers, divergent behavior of the minimum temperature, stabilizing during the rainy season, and reduction in the last decade. Thus, the rate of increasing maximum temperature is more than 0.23ºC/decade, while the minimum temperature is rising 0.13ºC/decade, and the relative humidity is decreasing at a rate of 0.53%/decade. The local climate change at Recife registered different behaviors on seasonal scales and diversity in climatological patterns, with an increase in the concentration of extreme rainfall in the rainy season, a decrease in rainfall in the driest periods. Also, an increase in the probability of the occurrence of heatwaves.Keywords: Climate change, intensity frequencies, seasonal and decadal variations
Detail geomorphological mapping proposal: a practical application in tabular relief
Authors: Lima Vinicius Ferreira de , Furrier Max 
Published: March 2021

The present research aims to apply a methodology of geomorphological mapping of detail in tabular relief to help the understanding of the current geomorphological framework of the high and medium course of the Mamuaba River, located in the coverage area of the Mamuaba River topographic chart, in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. The research has a strong geological and structural focus with analysis of the interrelationships existing between lithology, morphology, morphometry and hydrography of the area. On the surface, the Barreiras Formation represents most of that area, covering, in a discordant way, a portion of the Paraíba Sedimentary Basin to the east, and the crystalline basement to the west. For the classification of the relief and elaboration of the geomorphological mapping, it was used, with adaptations to the peculiarities of the local relief, the methodology of Ross (1992), which is based, mainly, in the morphological and morphometric aspects. The technical and operational procedures consisted of the vectorization of the Mamuaba River topographic chart, on the scale 1: 25,000, which has contour lines with an equidistance of 10 m. Among the general aspects of the region's morphology, the presence of successions of grabens, horsts and topographical domes stands out in a structural character; and, as of sculptural character, current forms such as gullies, sliding scars, ravines and areas in the process of sanding. Proposta de mapeamento geomorfológico de detalhe: uma aplicação prática em relevo tabularRESUMOA presente pesquisa tem por objetivo aplicar uma metodologia de mapeamento geomorfológico de detalhe em relevo tabular para auxiliar o entendimento do quadro geomorfológico atual do alto e médio curso do rio Mamuaba, localizado na área de abrangência da carta topográfica Rio Mamuaba, no estado da Paraíba. A pesquisa possui forte enfoque geológico e estrutural com análise das inter-relações existentes entre a litologia, a morfologia, a morfometria e a hidrografia da área. Em superfície, a Formação Barreiras representa a maior parte da referida área, recobrindo, de forma discordante, uma parcela da Bacia Sedimentar Paraíba a leste, e do embasamento cristalino a oeste. Para a classificação do relevo e elaboração do mapeamento geomorfológico, utilizou-se, com adaptações às peculiaridades do relevo local, a metodologia de Ross (1992), que se apoia, principalmente, nos aspectos morfológicos e morfométricos. Os procedimentos técnicos e operacionais consistiram na vetorização da carta topográfica Rio Mamuaba, na escala 1:25.000, que possui curvas de nível com equidistância de 10 m. Dentre os aspectos gerais da morfologia da região, destacam-se de caráter estrutural a presença de sucessões de grábens, horsts e de domos topográficos; e, como de caráter escultural formas atuais como voçorocas, cicatrizes de deslizamento, ravinas e áreas em processo de arenização.Palavras-chave: Bacia Sedimentar Paraíba; Formação Barreiras; Domo da Embratel.
LIVING IN HARMONY BETWEEN MUSLIM AND BUDDHIST: Comparative Study: Indonesia and Southeast Asia
Authors: Watini Watini 
Published: March 2021

This article attempts to describe connection between Indonesia and Southeast Asia also India. First part, it describes Islam Nusantara as one of Islam Indonesian style. Islam Indonesia is very close with tradition, for example Islam Aboge, Islam Ammatoa and Islam Java/Islam Kejawen. Islam Indonesia have relationship with tradition that some scholars perceived it as indigenous religion. So, after that part it is followed by Buddhism Nusantara style because particularly Islam Java have strong encounter with Buddhist tradition. The study is descriptive and qualitative research. This research looks at how Muslim and Buddhist relation is preserved in Southeast Asia. This research was standing in Muslim-Buddhist relation framework. Simplicity speaking, this paper shows that Indonesia have connection peacefully with other countries such as India and Southeast Asia. Since Islam came to Indonesia in 12-15th century, Islam encounter with Hindu Buddhist tradition but Islam can develop and make one style of Islam Indonesia/Islam Nusantara such as Islam Ammatoa, Islam Aboge and Islam Java.
PERAN TUHA PEUT DALAM PERLINDUNGAN ANAK YANG BERHADAPAN DENGAN HUKUM DI ACEH BESAR
Authors: Mansari Mansari 
Published: March 2021

Reusam which usually regulates public behavior about habits undertaken by the public in an unwritten form, is now beginning to be written in written form. The formation of gampong reusam was formed by Tuha Peut Gampong which was discussed together with the keuchik and community leaders of the gampong. This research aims to find out how the process of reusam formation of child protection in Aceh Besar and how the role of tuha peut in determining the direction of development of child protection reusam in Aceh Besar. This research uses qualitative research with data source from primary data obtained through interview with Keuchik, Tuha Peut Gampong and Female Woman. The results showed Tuha Peut has an important role in the development of a gampong reusam that adopts local and applicable local values in Aceh. These values are deliberation, mediation and the use of adat sanctions for child offenders in cases that occur, such as Advice, Warning, apology, fines, compensation, returned to the family, Establishment of Child Protection Committees dealing with law and engagement government agencies.
RESISTENSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP ELITE BARU PASCA-HELSINKI DI ACEH
Authors: Ilham Iromi 
Published: March 2021

The reconcilement of Helsinki became the gateway of the Acehnese transformation which has implicated to the social and political change in Aceh. One other thing is the emergence of former GAM fighter as the new Acehnese elite. The collective trauma of the Aceh community led by "outsiders" before Helsinki treaty years ago made the people of Aceh want to leave hope to the awaknanggroe. However, over the time, as if the history of the past was repeated. People feel the social imbalance that practiced by the new elite who ever once existed as "justice fighters". The failure of reciprocity practiced by the elite as a form of responsibility to the people causes the resistance from society, whether it is in an insinuation or in the open pattern. This is the main study in this paper. Finally, the propaganda Meunyoe keun ie, mandum leuhob.Meunyoeu keun droe teuh, mandum gob which was once massively accepted, has expressed to a new antithesis; Nibak ngeun ie, mangat ngeun leuhob, nibak ngeun droeu teuh, mangat that ngeun gob.