bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic role of staging [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT volumetric and dissemination features in prostate cancer
Authors: Albano Domenico , Temponi Alessandro , Bertagna Francesco , Suardi Nazareno , Talin Anna , Bonù Marco Lorenzo , Triggiani Luca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
This study aimed the role of volumetric and dissemination features of staging [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT in predicting progression‐free survival (PFS) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and their relationship with the main clinical data (ISUP grade groups, number of lesions, PSA).

Methods
We included 164 patients with high-risk PCa who underwent baseline [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT. With the help of LIFEx version 7.7, the main volumetric and dissemination PET parameters were semi-automatically extracted: PSMA-prostate tumor volume (PSMA-TV), PSMA-prostate total lesion (PSMA-TL), PSMA total TV (PSMA-TTV), PSMA total TL (PSMA-TTL) and Dmax corrected for body-surface-area (Dmaxbsa). Spearman rank correlations between semiquantitative PET features and the clinical variables were analyzed. PFS estimates were plotted with the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results
A high correlation was seen between the number of lesions and both PSMA-TTL (r 0.725), and Dmaxbsa (r 0.935). A moderate correlation was registered between PSA and PSMA-TTV (r 0.333), PSMA-TTL (r 0.441), Dmaxbsa (r 0.333), as well as between number of lesions and PSMA-TTV (r 0.342).
After a median follow-up of 17 months (range 2–45), relapse/progression happened in 17 patients (10%). PSA level, presence of distant metastases at staging, PSMA-TV, PSMA-TL, PSMA-TTL and Dmaxbsa were significantly associated with PFS at univariate analysis, but only the presence of distant metastases, PSMA-TTL and Dmaxbsa were confirmed to be independent prognostic factors.

Conclusion
Volumetric and dissemination features derived by staging [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT were significantly correlated with PSA and number of lesions. The combination of PSMA-TTL and Dmaxbsa was the best predictor of PFS and may help to better stratify PCa patients.
Promising Antidepressant Potential: The Role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in Mental Health and Stress Response
Authors: Işık Musab , Köse Fadime , Özbayer Cansu , Budak Özcan , Kaya Rumeysa Keleş , Erdoğan Derya Güzel , Demirci Mehmet Arif , Doğanay Songül , Bağcı Cahit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chronic stress is linked to changes in brain physiology and functioning, affects the central nervous system (CNS), and causes psychiatric diseases such as depression and anxiety. In this study, antidepressant effects of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103) (LGG) (15 × 108 cfu/ml/day) on the mechanisms playing a role in the pathophysiology of depression were investigated, and the results were compared with the effects of bupropion (20 mg/kg/day) and venlafaxine (20 mg/kg/day). A total of 56 male Wistar Albino rats were used in control, stress, bupropion, venlafaxine, LGG, bupropion + stress, venlafaxine + stress, LGG + stress groups, n = 7 each. Changes in the body weight of the rats during the experiment were determined by weight measurement. Gene expression levels were determined by the RT-PCR method. Four different behavioral tests were performed to evaluate depressive behaviors (sucrose preference test, three-chamber sociability test (social interaction test), elevated plus maze test, forced swim test). LGG treatment was effective in reducing depressive-like behaviors, increased BDNF level, 5-HT1A, DRD1, ADRA-2A, GABA-A α1, CNR1 expression levels in the hippocampus and NOD1 receptor expression level in the small intestine (p < 0.05), and also decreased neurodegeneration level, glial cell activity, and intestinal permeability in depressed rats. As a result, it was revealed in this study for the first time that the LGG probiotic bacterium has antidepressant properties and was found to be more effective than the antidepressant drugs bupropion and venlafaxine. Our results suggest that LGG is a potential psychobiotic bacterium and can be useful to treat depression. It may be an effective and useful option in combating depression.
Where self-determination and equity meet: homelands education systems and the forgotten schools
Authors: O’Bryan Marnie , Mununggurr Yananymul , Mununggurr Barayuwa , Dreise Tony 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a case study of homelands education in North East Arnhem Land. It explores how structural inequities in education systems mitigate against schools which do not align with mainstream norms. In particular, it looks at a hub-and-spoke system of micro schools—officially designated as homeland learning centres (HLCs)—serving some of the most remote, linguistically diverse and traditionally oriented students in Australia. The authors question why governments have persistently overlooked or failed to support homelands education delivered through a hub-and-spoke school model, even when it has strong community support, a track record of producing positive outcomes and articulates effectively with post-school employment opportunities. More generally, they argue that supporting self-determination requires greater recognition of non-mainstream schooling models to support students and communities in remote Australia.
A Novel Aluminium Alloys Design Strategy for Low Usage of Critical Raw Materials and High Casting Processibility for Automotive Applications
Authors: Asghar Osama , Franceschi Mattia , Ferro Paolo , Bonollo Franco 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The fifth critical raw materials (CRMs) list published by the European Commission (EC) in 2023 poses new restrictions to the usage of lightweight materials in the transportation industry. As per the publication, aluminium (one of the most widely used lightweight metals in the aerospace and automotive industry) has been declared as CRM and an increased criticality trend in its major alloying elements e.g. silicon and magnesium has been observed. Therefore, a novel approach is required to implement the criticality concept in developing new aluminium alloys and their processing for different components in the automotive industry. The present study aims to describe the strategy required to reduce the usage of CRMs in aluminium alloys along with enhanced high-pressure die casting (HPDC) processibility. By integrating criticality and castability assessment, a contribution to the development of sustainable and high-strength aluminium alloys to meet the demands of modern manufacturing while addressing the global resource challenges is presented. This study will also support the implementation of the CRMs concept in materials research and development.
Molecular identification and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with citrus wood diseases in the eastern Mediterranean region of Türkiye
Authors: Kurt Şener , Uysal Aysun , Guarnaccia Vladimiro , Martino Ilaria , Soylu E. Mine , Soylu Soner , Oğuz Merve 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Citrus spp. are economically important fruit crops produced worldwide. Surveys were carried out in citrus orchards showing yellowing, wilting on twigs and decline and gummosis of trunks and branches in the Adana, Mersin and Hatay provinces of the eastern Mediterranean region from 2019–2020. The fungal isolates obtained from symptomatic plant materials were identified as 5 different species belonging to Botryosphaeriaceae: Diplodia seriata, D. olivarum, Dothiorella viticola, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and Neofusicoccum parvum. The identification was achieved through a robust multilocus phylogeny based on three genomic loci: ITS, tef-1 and tub2. All the species were pathogenic to healthy Citrus plants that presented 100% symptomatic twigs in all the cases. Despite the wide distribution and economic importance of this crop, serious fungal diseases are reported worldwide and, in some cases, need to be investigated. This study provides comprehensive insight into the identification of Botryosphaeriaceae species that are causal agents of trunk cankers and branch dieback in citrus in Türkiye.
A Longitudinal and Interdisciplinary Biodesign Internship Program for Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Students Focused on Medical Device Innovation
Authors: Maloney Lauren M , Page Christopher , Bielski Michael , Rohan Annie , Yin Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Challenge
The biomedical engineering (BME) capstone design courses are traditionally offered in students’ senior year. Students often feel underprepared for the hands-on biodesign and prototyping process. Also, capstone design projects are often provided by BME faculty, without students’ input in needs finding and screening.

Novel Initiative
A longitudinal and interdisciplinary biodesign internship course sequence (program) was developed and offered. This internship course has three components. Part I is offered in the fall semester of students’ junior year, focusing on biodesign concept development and preliminary prototyping. Part II is offered in the spring semester of students’ junior year, focusing on clinical observation and needs finding. Part III is a 6-week summer immersion program, where students work directly with clinicians and industry mentors to convert a valid clinical need into a biodesign project and initiate the bio-innovation process. Successful summer projects can be carried forward into students’ senior year and become their senior design projects.

Reflection
Since the start of this program in 2018, 47 students participated in the program, which accounted for approximately 20% of the total number of students. More than 75% of the projects developed in the biodesign internship program were successfully carried into BME senior design and involved more than 60% of BME students in their senior design process. Students were satisfied with their biodesign internship experience. Other products of this program include conference presentations, peer-reviewed journal publications, provisional patents, patents, and design competition awards.
In-situ microscopy and digital image correlation to study the mechanical characteristics of polymer-based materials
Authors: Mousavi Seyedtaghi , Hardy John G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In-situ microscopic methods can help researchers to analyse microstructural changes of materials structures under different conditions (e.g., temperature and pressure) at various length scales. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) combines image registration and tracking to enable accurate measurements of changes in materials in 2D and 3D. This review focuses on combining microscopy and DIC to study the properties of materials (including natural/synthetic biomaterials, biological samples and their composites) in academic, public and industry settings, including exciting examples of bioimaging.
“Paper Nation” Jews as a Religion, Minority, and Nation in Bureaucratic Discourse and Praxis in Russian Imperial and Post-Imperial States
Authors: Schedrin Vassili 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article compares late Imperial Russia (1850-1917) and its successor states — post-revolutionary independent Ukraine (1918-1919) and early Soviet Russia and the USSR (1918-1923) — focusing on the conception and implementation of state policy toward the Jews. It argues that Russian Imperial, Ukrainian nationalist and Soviet socialist policies treated the Jews essentially as a distinct ethno-confessional or ethnic collective entitled to state protection and group rights, thus anticipating (in Imperial Russia) and de-facto realizing (in independent Ukraine and Soviet Russia) the rights of minorities stipulated in the 1919 Paris Peace Treaty and implemented by the Versailles system in interwar Europe. The article shows how by establishing and maintaining separate Jewish institutions (sophisticated state apparatuses staffed by qualified, dedicated Jewish bureaucrats), the states developed and even promoted a collective Jewish identity and collective Jewish rights, starting with state protection and official recognition of Judaism and the Jewish way of life in the late Russian empire, to state-sponsored Jewish national and cultural autonomy in the Ukrainian National Republic, to official recognition as a Soviet nationality, and territorial and semi-political autonomy in the USSR.
Compact and reciprocal probe-signal-integrated rotational Doppler velocimetry with fiber-sculpted light
Authors: Wan Zhenyu , Tang Ziyi , Zhang Xi , Padgett Miles J. , Wang Jian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, with the clarification of the mechanism of the rotational Doppler effect (RDE), there has attracted extensive attention to its development of applications, especially in the detection of the angular velocity of rotating objects. On the other hand, optical fiber technology is widely applied in laser velocimetry from beam delivery to scattered light collection, aiding the miniaturization of instruments. Here we report the first all-fiber rotational Doppler velocimetry (AF-RDV) with a single probe based on a fabricated mode-sculpted fiber-optic element. The constructed AF-RDV can be operated in two reciprocal schemes wherein exchanging the illuminating mode and detected mode. Using this, we experimentally demonstrate the mode-changing dependent nature of the RDE. Particularly, the results suggest that the rotational Doppler shift can be observed by mode-filtering the scattered signal even with a non-twisted probe light. We also show the achromatic property of the RDE by scanning the incident wavelength, enabling the AF-RDV within an ultra-broadband operation range. The AF-RDV exhibits favorable performance for detecting spinning rough surfaces. It may provide an exciting new practical sensing instrument with significant prospects for monitoring angular motion in both research and industry.
Comparative analysis of nanomechanical resonators: sensitivity, response time, and practical considerations in photothermal sensing
Authors: Kanellopulos Kostas , Ladinig Friedrich , Emminger Stefan , Martini Paolo , West Robert G. , Schmid Silvan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Nanomechanical photothermal sensing has significantly advanced single-molecule/particle microscopy and spectroscopy, and infrared detection. In this approach, the nanomechanical resonator detects shifts in resonant frequency due to photothermal heating. However, the relationship between photothermal sensitivity, response time, and resonator design has not been fully explored. This paper compares three resonator types - strings, drumheads, and trampolines - to explore this relationship. Through theoretical modeling, experimental validation, and finite element method simulations, we find that strings offer the highest sensitivity (with a noise equivalent power of 280 fW/Hz1/2 for strings made of silicon nitride), while drumheads exhibit the fastest thermal response. The study reveals that photothermal sensitivity correlates with the average temperature rise and not the peak temperature. Finally, the impact of photothermal back-action is discussed, which can be a major source of frequency instability. This work clarifies the performance differences and limits among resonator designs and guides the development of advanced nanomechanical photothermal sensors, benefiting a wide range of applications.
Circular RNAs in neurological conditions – computational identification, functional validation, and potential clinical applications
Authors: Hatzimanolis Oak , Sykes Alex M. , Cristino Alexandre S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained significant attention in recent years due to advancements in biotechnology, particularly high-throughput total RNA sequencing. These developments have led to new understandings of non-coding biology, revealing that approximately 80% of non-coding regions in the genome possesses biochemical functionality. Among ncRNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), first identified in 1976, have emerged as a prominent research field. CircRNAs are abundant in most human cell types, evolutionary conserved, highly stable, and formed by back-splicing events which generate covalently closed ends. Notably, circRNAs exhibit high expression levels in neural tissue and perform diverse biochemical functions, including acting as molecular sponges for microRNAs, interacting with RNA-binding proteins to regulate their availability and activity, modulating transcription and splicing, and even translating into functional peptides in some cases. Recent advancements in computational and experimental methods have enhanced our ability to identify and validate circRNAs, providing valuable insights into their biological roles. This review focuses on recent developments in circRNA research as they related to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions. We also explore their potential applications in clinical diagnostics, therapeutics, and future research directions. CircRNAs remain a relatively underexplored area of non-coding biology, particularly in the context of neurological disorders. However, emerging evidence supports their role as critical players in the etiology and molecular mechanisms of conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. These findings suggest that circRNAs may provide a novel framework contributing to the molecular dysfunctions underpinning these complex neurological conditions.
Effect of prenatal antibiotics on breast milk and neonatal IgA and microbiome: a case-control translational study protocol
Authors: Pietrasanta Carlo , Ronchi Andrea , Carlosama Carolina , Lizier Michela , Silvestri Alessandra , Fornasa Giulia , Melacarne Alessia , D’Ambrosi Francesco , Lutterotti Martina , Carbone Elisa , Cetin Irene , Fumagalli Monica , Ferrazzi Enrico , Penna Giuseppe , Mosca Fabio , Pugni Lorenza , Rescigno Maria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Up to 25–35% of women receive antibiotics (ABX) during pregnancy, but little is known about the consequences on a key mucosal interface such as the mammary gland, and on the development of the neonatal gut’s microbiota and IgA. We hypothesize that prenatal ABX negatively affect the immune functionality of mammary gland, the composition of breast milk microbiota, the development of neonatal fecal microbiota and the abundance of neonatal fecal IgA.

Methods
Case-control translational cohort study on women and neonates in the presence or absence (N = 41 + 41 pairs) of exposure to prenatal ABX for at least 7 consecutive days after 32 weeks of gestation.

Results
We will evaluate IgA concentration in breast milk and in neonatal feces up to one year after delivery. We will also evaluate clinical parameters, neurodevelopment and the composition of the IgA-coated and uncoated fractions of breast milk and fecal microbiota by means of magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) coupled with shotgun metagenomics. Finally, we will measure the concentration of the chemokine CCL28 on maternal serum and breast milk, as a marker of activity of the entero-mammary pathway.

Conclusions
Our results might support a data-driven evaluation of breast milk immune function in women exposed to prenatal ABX.

Impact

Breast milk IgA and microbiota are critical to determine the positive effects of breastfeeding in infants.

This research protocol will investigate breast milk IgA, microbiota, and the IgA+ / IgA− fractions of neonatal fecal microbiota upon exposure to prenatal antibiotics.

Fecal IgA and microbiota in infants exposed or not exposed to prenatal antibiotics will be analyzed up to 1 year after birth.

This research will clarify the impact of prenatal antibiotics on the immune function of breast milk.

This, in turn, might support the selective evaluation of breast milk IgA/microbiota in mothers exposed to prenatal antibiotics, or in donor human milk.
“Friends or foes”: a new perspective of tumour metabolic transcriptional modification
Authors: Shi Tong , Geng Qishun , Wang Zhaoran , Wen Chaoying , Xu Jiahe , Jiao Yi , Diao Wenya , Gu Jienan , Deng Tingting , Xiao Cheng , Zhong Baoyuan , Wang Jianfeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Energy metabolism plays a pivotal role in cancer clinical treatment and has become an important means of clinical diagnosis of tumour progression. However, current research mostly focuses on changes in metabolic products and neglects the deeper mechanisms of transcriptional regulation. This paper proposes a new perspective, establishing a comprehensive network that reveals the interaction between metabolism and transcription, which explores how tumour metabolism affects tumour progression through transcriptional modifications, and provides a novel approach for optimizing tumour treatment strategies. This viewpoint is conducive to overcoming current bottlenecks in treatment and promoting the development of drug combinations and personalized medicine.
Long-term adaptation of lymphoma cell lines to hypoxia is mediated by diverse molecular mechanisms that are targetable with specific inhibitors
Authors: Daumova Lenka , Manakov Dmitry , Petrak Jiri , Sovilj Dana , Behounek Matej , Andera Ladislav , Vit Ondrej , Souckova Olga , Havranek Ondrej , Dolnikova Alex , Renesova Nicol , Tuskova Liliana , Winkowska Lucie , Bettazova Nardjas , Kupcova Kristyna , Kalbacova Marie Hubalek , Sikorova Miriama , Trneny Marek , Klener Pavel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A large body of evidence suggests that hypoxia drives aggressive molecular features of malignant cells irrespective of cancer type. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are the most common hematologic malignancies characterized by frequent involvement of diverse hypoxic microenvironments. We studied the impact of long-term deep hypoxia (1% O2) on the biology of lymphoma cells. Only 2 out of 6 tested cell lines (Ramos, and HBL2) survived ≥ 4 weeks under hypoxia. The hypoxia-adapted (HA)b Ramos and HBL2 cells had a decreased proliferation rate accompanied by significant suppression of both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic pathways. Transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed marked downregulation of genes and proteins of the mitochondrial respiration complexes I and IV, and mitochondrial ribosomal proteins. Despite the observed suppression of glycolysis, the proteome analysis of both HA cell lines showed upregulation of several proteins involved in the regulation of glucose utilization including the active catalytic component of prolyl-4-hydroxylase P4HA1, an important druggable oncogene. HA cell lines demonstrated increased transcription of key regulators of auto-/mitophagy, e.g., neuritin, BCL2 interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), BNIP3-like protein, and BNIP3 pseudogene. Adaptation to hypoxia was further associated with deregulation of apoptosis, namely upregulation of BCL2L1/BCL-XL, overexpression of BCL2L11/BIM, increased binding of BIM to BCL-XL, and significantly increased sensitivity of both HA cell lines to A1155463, a BCL-XL inhibitor. Finally, in both HA cell lines AKT kinase was hyperphosphorylated and the cells showed increased sensitivity to copanlisib, a pan-PI3K inhibitor. In conclusion, our data report on several shared mechanisms of lymphoma cell adaptation to long-term hypoxia including: 1. Upregulation of proteins responsible for glucose utilization, 2. Degradation of mitochondrial proteins for potential mitochondrial recycling (by mitophagy), and 3. Increased dependence on BCL-XL and PI3K-AKT signaling for survival. In translation, inhibition of glycolysis, BCL-XL, or PI3K-AKT cascade may result in targeted elimination of HA lymphoma cells.