bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awake CT-guided percutaneous stylomastoid foramen puncture and radiofrequency ablation of facial nerve for treatment of hemifacial spasm
Authors: Huang Bing , Yao Ming , Chen QiLiang , Lin Huidan , Du Xindan , Huang Hao , Zhao Xian , Do Huy , Qian Xiang 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a debilitating neuromuscular disorder with limited treatment options. The current study describes a novel minimally invasive procedure that provided effective and sustained relief for patients with HFS. The authors provide a detailed description of the awake CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the facial nerve for treatment of HFS, and they examine its clinical efficacy. This is the first time in the literature that this procedure has been applied and systematically analyzed for HFS.

METHODS
Patients with a history of HFS were recruited between August 2018 and April 2020. Those with a history of cerebellopontine lesions, coagulopathy, ongoing pregnancy, cardiac pacemaker or defibrillator implants, or who declined the procedure were excluded from the study. Fifty-three patients who met the study criteria were included and underwent awake CT-guided RFA. Under minimal sedation, a radiofrequency (RF) needle was used to reach the stylomastoid foramen on the affected side under CT guidance, and the facial nerve was localized using a low-frequency stimulation current. Patients were instructed to engage facial muscles as a proxy for motor monitoring during RFA. Ablation stopped when the patients’ hemifacial contracture resolved. Patients were kept for inpatient monitoring for 24 hours postoperatively and were followed up monthly to monitor resolution of HFS and complications for up to 19 months.

RESULTS
The average duration of the procedure was 32–34 minutes. Postoperatively, 91% of the patients (48/53) had complete resolution of HFS, whereas the remaining individuals had partial resolution. A total of 48 patients reported mild to moderate facial paralysis immediately post-RFA, but most resolved within 1 month. No other significant complication was observed during the study period. By the end of the study period, 5 patients had recurrence of mild HFS symptoms, whereas only 2 patients reported dissatisfaction with the treatment results.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors report for the first time that awake CT-guided RFA of the facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen is a minimally invasive procedure and can be an effective treatment option for HFS.
Differences in Quality of Life Between Men and Women who Undergo Bladder Preservation with Trimodality Therapy
Authors: Ballas Leslie K. , Niemierko Andrzej , Mak Kimberley S. , Drumm Michael , Efstathiou Jason A. 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE: Sex-specific differences exist in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC): men have a higher incidence; women present with more advanced disease; and surgical options differ between men and women. Health related quality of life (HRQoL) for male versus female patients with MIBC is not well understood and limited data exists in patients who undergo bladder preservation with trimodality therapy (TMT). The purpose of this study was to compare long-term HRQoL between men and women who have undergone TMT. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This was a secondary analysis of a prior study that reported long-term HRQoL differences for patients who underwent TMT. We analyzed patient reported HRQoL data to assess differences in HRQoL between men and women. RESULTS: Of the 64/74 (86%) TMT patients that completed questionnaires, 14 (22%) were women. Median age at diagnosis was 60 years for women and 66 years for men ( p = 0.007). From six HRQoL instruments, there were two responses with a statistically significant difference between women and men –incidence of diarrhea and degree of sexual activity. Fifty percent of women compared to 86%of men reported no diarrhea ( p = 0.02). A greater percentage of women reported some degree of sexual activity in the 4 weeks prior to questionnaire completion ( p = 0.04), and sexual interest following TMT declined significantly with age in men, but not in women. CONCLUSIONS: In general, men and women report very good long-term HRQoL following TMT. There were, however, some differences between the sexes. Understanding this difference, especially related to sexual function, will allow more informed decision making by patients when choosing between treatment modalities.
Lunges activate the gluteus maximus muscles more than back squats when both exercises are standardized
Authors: Aniceto Rodrigo Ramalho , Pirauá André Luiz Torres , da Silva Leandro Leonardo , da Silva Hélen Cristina Ferreira , Silva Diego Mesquita , de Araújo Leandro Cândido , Costa Pablo Brando , dos Santos Heleodório Honorato 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Squats are considered one of the main exercises for the lower limbs and are used in resistance training under different contexts, including rehabilitation and sports performance. OBJECTIVE: To compare the EMG activity of different muscles in back squat and lunge exercises in trained women. METHODS: Ten healthy women experienced in resistance training performed back squat and lunge exercises on a Smith machine (total work: 70% of 1RM, 1 set, 10 repetitions and 2-s/2-s of execution speed) with an interval of 20-min between exercises. Both exercises were standardized in relation to the trunk inclination and were performed with an erect trunk parallel to the cursor of the guided bar. RESULTS: The EMG activity of the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), and gluteus maximus (GM) were analyzed. There were no significant differences in the EMG activity of the VM, VL, and BF muscles between the back squat and lunge exercises ([Formula: see text] 0.05); however, GM activation was greater during the lunge exercise (effect size [Formula: see text] 1.15; [Formula: see text] 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Lunges were more effective in recruiting the GM when compared to back squats. However, both exercises can be recommended when the goal is knee extensor and flexor muscle activity.
Physical exercise increases peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factors in patients with cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Hong , Li Wenyang , Qin Zheng , Shen Hui , Li Xiaomeng , Wang Wei 
Published: May 2021

Background: Physical exercise can improve cognitive dysfunction. Its specific mechanism remains unknown. Recent studies have indicated that elevating or peripherally overexpressing brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) improve cognitive impairment. Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether physical exercise improves cognitive performance in patients with cognitive dysfunction, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD), by increasing peripheral BDNF. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched up to June 2020 for studies that assayed the changes in peripheral BDNF levels in MCI and AD patients after exercise training. Results: Peripheral BDNF levels were significantly elevated after a single exercise session (SMD = 0.469, 95% CI: 0.150–0.787, P = 0.004) or regular exercise interventions (SMD = 0.418, 95% CI: 0.105–0.731, P = 0.009). Subgroup analysis showed that only regular aerobic exercise interventions (SMD = 0.543, 95% CI: 0.038–1.049, P = 0.035) and intervention duration of 16 weeks or greater (SMD = 0.443, 95% CI: 0.154 –0.733, P = 0.003) significantly increased peripheral BDNF levels. Only plasma BDNF levels (SMD = 0.365, 95% CI:0.066–0.664, P = 0.017) were significantly increased after exercise interventions. Conclusions: Acute and chronic physical exercises may improve cognitive impairment by increasing peripheral BDNF levels. Aerobic exercises and a longer duration of exercising increased BDNF levels. These findings also suggest that BDNF may be a suitable biomarker for evaluating the effect of exercise in patients with cognitive impairment, such as AD or MCI.
Effect of home-based rehabilitation of purposeful activity-based electrical stimulation therapy for chronic stroke survivors: a crossover randomized controlled trial
Authors: Minami Seigo , Fukumoto Yoshihiro , Kobayashi Ryuji , Aoki Hideaki , Aoyama Tomoki 
Published: May 2021

Background: In this trial we combined the effect of purposeful activity and electrical stimulation therapy (PA-EST) to promote transition of severely hemiparetic upper limb to auxiliary upper limb in chronic stroke survivors in a single-case study. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of PA-EST on the upper limb motor function in a crossover randomized controlled trial. Methods: The study included eight stroke survivors (age: 63.1±10.9 years) who were receiving home-based visiting occupational therapy. The average time since stroke onset was 8.8±5.6 years. All participants had severely hemiparetic upper limb, with the Fugl–Meyer Assessment upper extremity (FMA-U) score of 21.3±8.5. Participants were randomly assigned to group A or B. Group A received PA-EST for 3 months (phase 1), followed by standard stretching and exercise for 3 months (phase 2), whereas group B had the inverse order of treatments. To avoid carry-over effect, 1-month washout period was provided between the phase 1 and 2. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures was used for the analysis. The primary outcome was FMA-U, and the secondary outcomes were, Motor Activity Log (MAL; amount of use [AOU] and quality of movement [QOM]), and Goal attainment scale-light (GAS-light). Results: Repeated measures-ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between type of intervention and time for FMA-U (F = 16.303, P = 0.005), MAL AOU (F = 7.966, P = 0.026) and QOM (F = 6.408, P = 0.039), and GAS-light (F = 6.905, P = 0.034), where PA-EST was associated with significantly improved motor function and goal achievement compared with standard stretching. Conclusions: The PA-EST may have greater effects than stretch/exercise in the recovery of hand function as reflected in FMA-U, MAL, and GAS-light. Our results suggest that PA-EST is an important and useful home-based rehabilitation program for promoting the use of the severely hemiparetic upper limb in chronic stroke survivors.
Well-being in urban and rural areas, challenges, general policies, and their monitoring: Some evidence for Germany before and during the COVID-19 pandemic1
Authors: Schnorr-Baecker Susanne 
Published: May 2021

Major changes in society, the economy, the natural environment and the government haven taken place. The current pandemic demonstrates even more their social importance and positive or negative effects worldwide. In particular, an increasingly cross-generational awareness of sustainability, new information and communication channels and growing international interdependencies as well as comprehensive policies fostering well-being are gaining worldwide importance and pervade all activities. Germany has – as many nations worldwide – besides its national strategies committed to implement major strategies at United Nations’ and European Union’s levels. In the following, it will be examined which differences exist in the living conditions from a spatial point of view. Using selected indicators and current data mainly from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany, an urban-rural comparison is made for Germany at the lowest federal level ‘Kreise’ (NUTS 3 of the European spatial classification). Even if it is still unclear what the long-term consequences of the drastic measures of the current global COVID-19 pandemic will be, current trends will be briefly presented. Furthermore, this study presents the latest data mainly before the worldwide outbreak of the pandemic and thus will offer starting points for later analysis of opportunities and risks for urban or rural areas post COVID-19.
The Impact of 2020 Low Traffic Neighbourhoods on Fire Service Emergency Response Times, in London, UK
Authors: Goodman Anna , Laverty Anthony A. , Thomas Asa , Aldred Rachel 
Published: May 2021

Between March and September 2020, 72 ‘Low Traffic Neighbourhoods’ (LTNs) were implemented in London. We examined the impact on fire brigade emergency response times in October 2020-February 2021 (‘post’), as compared to the same months in the previous two years (‘pre’). We found no evidence that response times inside the LTNs or on boundary roads were affected (e.g. pre/post change for first engine: -14 seconds inside LTNs; -11 seconds in the rest of London; p=0.4 for difference). Fire crews reported more delays due to ‘traffic calming measures’ in LTNs, but this was entirely offset by a decrease in delays for other reasons, particularly ‘traffic’. This was true both in LTNs that predominately blocked motor traffic using physical barriers (e.g. planters) and in LTNs using camera enforcement. These findings add to evidence that LTNs do not adversely affect emergency response times.
Políticas públicas nacionais para apoiar pessoas com deficiência e suas famílias: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Teixeira Ana Naysa Albuquerque , Freitas Cibelly Aliny Siqueira Lima , Queiroz Isabelle Frota Ribeiro , Lima Francisco Breno de Sousa , Moreira Luís Henrique Azevedo , Mazza Verônica de Azevedo , Rosa Benedita Shirley Carlos , Bezerra Ana Caroline Lira 
Published: May 2021

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que tem por objetivo analisar as produções científicas sobre políticas públicas nacionais brasileiras voltadas às pessoas com deficiência e suas famílias. Foi realizado no mês de Outubro/2020, nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), utilizando os descritores “políticas públicas”, “deficiência” e "família”. A partir dos critérios de elegibilidade, foram selecionados 16 documentos. Diante da leitura dos artigos, observou-se que políticas públicas focadas nas pessoas com deficiência ainda se encontram incipientes. Também constatou- se a ausência de políticas voltadas para capacitação, informação e atenção aos cuidadores. Os resultados evidenciaram que as produções científicas sobre as políticas públicas nacionais que apoiam a pessoa com deficiência e sua família se apresentam de forma insatisfatória no meio das produções científicas.
Psychometric properties of Quality-of-Life Index for Vietnamese women with breast cancer three weeks postmastectomy
Authors: Ha Xuan Thi Nhu , Thanasilp Sureeporn 
Published: May 2021

Background: The patient’s quality of life immediately after mastectomy usually receives less attention than the quality of life after three months, six months, or a year. It is because the focus is mainly on surgical complications. Many instruments measure the quality of life from three months onwards. Still, the quality-of-life instruments right after postmastectomy is not yet verified.
Objective: This paper aimed to test the reliability and validity of the Quality-of-Life Index Vietnamese version (QOLI-V) in Vietnamese women with breast cancer three weeks postmastectomy.
Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was designed to analyze the psychometric properties of a Vietnamese version of the modified Quality of Life Index. The modified process was conducted after granting permission from the original authors. The content validity of the modified index was examined by five experts. Brislin’s model was used for the translation process. The 26-item QOLI-V was tested in 265 patients with breast cancer stage II three weeks postmastectomy who expected to have a poorer quality of life score. The reliability of the index was measured by Cronbach's alpha. The construct validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
Result: The content validity index results showed that the lowest I-CVI was .80 and the highest was 1.00. S-CVI/Ave was 0.95, and S-CVI/UA was 0.76. The Cronbach's alpha of QOLI-V was .84, which was considered acceptable. Most of the 26 items featured the correct item-total correlation of .30 to .60. There were only two items correlated with the total scale at .18, and the item with the lowest correlation (.06) was deleted from the item set. The CFA of model 1 with 26 items was not an ideal fit with the data, with Chi-Square/df = 2.15, CFI =.815, GFI = .853, TLI=.792 RMSEA =.066. After deleted an item #general quality of life, and the CFA of model 2 was conducted on the 25-item index. The final result indicated the improvement of the model fit, with Chi-Square/df =2.26, CFI=.852, GFI=.814, TLI=.790, RMSEA=.069.
Conclusion: The 25-item QOLI-V version is considered valid and reliable to measure the quality of life of Vietnamese women with breast cancer three weeks postmastectomy. Nurses and midwives could use this instrument to measure the quality of life of the patients, and the patients could use it for self-assessment.
Funding: This study was funded by the 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University Scholarship, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand.
HUBUNGAN TARIAN TRADISIONAL LANDEK KARO DENGAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER ANAK DI DESA SIOSAR KABUPATEN KARO
Authors: Depari Fanesa Anastasia , Gaol Rumiris Lumban , Sembiring Ribka Kariani , Tanjung Darinda Sofia 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dan mengetahui hubungan antara tarian tradisional landek karo dengan pendidikan karakter di antara anak-anak usia 9-13 tahun di kawasan relokasi gunung sinabung, desa Siosar, Pertibi Lama Kecamatan Merek, Kabupaten Karo, Sumatera Utara. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak-anak usia 9-13 tahun di desa Siosar yang berjumlah 156 orang. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dalam hal ini peneliti memilih 35 anak usia 9-13 tahun yang menjadi penari didalam kegiatan Siosar Festival pada bulan September tahun 2019 di desa Siosar untuk dijadikan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode kuantitatif jenis survey dimana jenis penelitian ini untuk menguji hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan teknik hipotesis, dan teknik hipotesis yang dipilih adalah hipotesis uji t.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tarian tradisional landek karo memiliki rata-rata thitung 24,843 yang jumlahnya lebih besar dari ttabel sebesar 1.683 dengan kategori tinggi dan pendidikan karakter memiliki rata-rata thitung 24,843 yang jumlahnya lebih besar dari ttabel sebesar 1.683 dengan kategori tinggi, maka Ho diterima yaitu adanya hubungan antara tarian tradisional landek karo dengan pendidikan karakter pada anak di desa Siosar, Kabupaten Karo. Kata kunci: Tari Tradisional Landek Karo, Pendidikan Karakter
Trends in Prevalence of Hypertension and Hypertension Phenotypes Among Chinese Children and Adolescents Over Two Decades (1991–2015)
Authors: Ye Xinxin , Yi Qian , Shao Jing , Zhang Yan , Zha Mingming , Yang Qingwen , Xia Wei , Ye Zhihong , Song Peige 
Published: May 2021

Background: Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality. Elevated blood pressure (BP) in children is related to long-term adverse health effects. Until recently, few studies have reported the secular trend and associated factors of hypertension phenotypes in Chinese children and adolescents.Methods: From the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 1991–2015, a total of 15,143 records of children aged 7–17 years old were included. Following definitions of hypertension from the Chinese Child Blood Pressure References Collaborative Group, we estimated the prevalence of prehypertension, hypertension, stage 1 hypertension, stage 2 hypertension and its phenotypes (ISH, isolated systolic hypertension; IDH, isolated diastolic hypertension; SDH, combined systolic and diastolic hypertension). General estimation equation was used to analyze the trends in the prevalence of hypertension and hypertension phenotypes, and a multivariable logistic regression was constructed to explore the associated factors.Results: During 1991–2015, increasing trends were revealed in BP and hypertension prevalence (P &lt; 0.001) in Chinese children and adolescents. For ISH, IDH and SDH, the age-standardized prevalence increased dramatically from 0.9 to 2.2%, from 6.2 to 14.1%, and from 1.4 to 2.9%, respectively (all P &lt; 0.001). Adolescents aged 13–17 years (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.56–1.97, P &lt; 0.001), general obesity (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 2.10-3.44, P &lt; 0.001) and central obesity (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.21–1.83, P &lt; 0.001) were positively associated with hypertension, whereas the South region (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.58–0.73, P &lt; 0.001) was a negative factor. Furthermore, body mass index (BMI) and general obesity were linked to the presence of ISH, IDH and SDH. Age, waist circumference (WC) and central obesity were additionally associated with ISH, and sex, age, urban/rural setting, North/South region, WC and central obesity were additionally associated with IDH.Conclusion: BP levels and prevalence of hypertension and phenotypes increased dramatically in Chinese children and adolescents from 1991 to 2015. Regional discrepancy, demographic features, BMI, WC and overweight/obesity status were associated factors of hypertension among youths.
Identification of a Shrimp E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM50-Like Involved in Restricting White Spot Syndrome Virus Proliferation by Its Mediated Autophagy and Ubiquitination
Authors: Zhao Chao , Peng Chao , Wang Pengfei , Yan Lulu , Fan Sigang , Qiu Lihua 
Published: May 2021

Most tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins are critical components of the autophagy machinery and play important roles in host defense against viral pathogens in mammals. However, the roles of TRIM proteins in autophagy and viral infection have not been studied in lower invertebrates, especially crustaceans. In this study, we first identified a TRIM50-like gene from Penaeus monodon (designated PmTRIM50-like), which, after a white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge, was significantly upregulated at the mRNA and protein levels in the intestine and hemocytes. Knockdown of PmTRIM50-like led to an increase in the WSSV quantity in shrimp, while its overexpression led to a decrease compared with the controls. Autophagy can be induced by WSSV or rapamycin challenge and has been shown to play a positive role in restricting WSSV replication in P. monodon. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PmTRIM50-like significantly increased with the enhancement of rapamycin-induced autophagy. The autophagy activity induced by WSSV or rapamycin challenge could be inhibited by silencing PmTRIM50-like in shrimp. Further studies showed that rapamycin failed to induce autophagy or inhibit WSSV replication after knockdown of PmTRIM50-like. Moreover, pull-down and in vitro ubiquitination assays demonstrated that PmTRIM50-like could interact with WSSV envelope proteins and target them for ubiquitination in vitro. Collectively, this study demonstrated that PmTRIM50-like is required for autophagy and is involved in restricting the proliferation of WSSV through its ubiquitination. This is the first study to report the role of a TRIM family protein in virus infection and host autophagy in crustaceans.