bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intranasal esketamine use in bipolar disorder: A case report
Authors: Skriptshak Courtney , Reich Ashley 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Over the past few years, intranasal esketamine has been FDA-approved for treatment-resistant depression as well as MDD with suicidal ideation. In the clinical trials leading to the recent FDA approvals, subjects with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder were excluded from participation in the trial. The manufacturer of intranasal esketamine states that it “has not been studied, and is not indicated, for patients with bipolar disorder.” Antidepressants are commonly associated with having the potential to induce rapid cycling in patients with bipolar disorder, though the mechanism is not fully understood. This case report demonstrates the potential safety of intranasal esketamine in combination with mood stabilizer therapy in a patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder without recent history of manic or hypomanic episodes.
Development of the laminated pattern of the chick tectum opticum
Authors: Scicolone G. , Pereyra‐Alfonso S. , Brusco A. , Saavedra J. Pecci , Flores V. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSeveral ontogenetic studies have been devoted to the structural organization of the developing tectum opticum. They disagree in many respects because they are based on histological preparations performed with differently oriented planes of section. According to our results the differences found in the literature mainly result from the fact that the developmental gradient axis undergoes remarkable positional changes with respect to both optic lobe and neural tube longitudinal anatomical axes during the early stages of development. The present work is a dynamic description of the tectum opticum lamination based on sections coinciding with the developmental gradient. Since this latter displays a curved disposition, several slightly modified planes of section had to be used to obtain a complete picture along the developmental gradient.The development of the tectal architecture proceeds from a relatively simple organization through increasingly complex multilaminated patterns. A dynamic interpretation of successive images of a particular region observed at increasing developmental stages or of images observed at a particular stage along the entire length of the developmental gradient axis, allows us to propose that embryonic laminae are only transient spatial arrangements of cells actively migrating from the sites where they were generated to those where they will definitively reside. These considerations led us to define a nomenclature that establishes clear correlations between the early transient organizations and the definitive one of the fully developed optic tectum. This type of nomenclature could be usefully applied to describe dynamically the development of structures displaying multilaminated patterns such as other cortical zones of the central nervous system.
Effects of multiagent chemotherapy and independent risk factors in the treatment of high‐risk GTT —25 years experiences of KRI‐TRD
Authors: Kim S.J. , Bae S.N. , Kim J.H. , Kim C.T. , Han K.T. , Lee J.M. , Jung J.K. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA retrospective and comparative study of high‐risk gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT) treated with different chemoregimen from 1971 to 1995 was performed and to find most effective chemotherapy regimen and independent risk factors.Three hundred seven patients in scoring over 8 points in WHO classification were categorized into high‐risk group among 802 GTT cases received chemotherapy in the 2,418 GTD patients registered at KRI‐TRD (Korean Research Institute for Gestational Trophoblastic Disease), Catholic University Medical College in Korea. Study groups of multiagent combination chemotherapy in 227 patients of the high‐risk GTT were divided such as 49 cases of combination chemotherapy with MTX + folinic acid and Act‐D, 40 cases of MAC regimen, 42 cases of CHAMOCA regimen, and 96 cases of EMA/CO.Initial tumor response according to hCG titer decrease was found in good response (log fall) 69.8%, of EMA /CO regimen group. On the other hand, good response was shown in only 24.5% of MTX + ACT‐D, 32.5% of MAC regimen, and 52.4%, of CHAMOCA regimen respectively.Remission rate of EMA/CO regimen was 90.6% (87/96) and courses of chemotherapy until remission was 8.5 ± 2.2. However, remission rate of other regimens of MTX + Act‐D, MAC, and CHAMOCA were 63.3%, (31/49) 67.5% (27/40) and 76.2% (32/45) respectively, with 10.0 ± 4.0, 10.7 ± 4.3, 9.1 ± 3.9 chemotherapy courses respectively until remission. Therefore, EMA/CO regimen groups were found to have low drug toxicity, early remission and a low failure rate.In the study of independent risk factors in the 165 cases of high‐risk gestational trophoblastic tumor patients received EMA/CO regimen, stepwise Coxs proportional hazard's regression of prognostic factors using multivariate analysis revealed tumor age, number of metastatic organs, metastatic site and inadequate previous chemotherapy. According to the performance of fitted logistic regression model, the prediction rate of death and survival was 80.5%.Conclusions: The most effective chemotherapy to high‐risk GTT was EMA/CO regimen than other regimens. The following factors showed poor prognosis; 1) Tumor age is over 12 month, 2) more than 2 organs had metastatic lesion, 3) inadequate previous therapy that includes unplanned operation and inadequate previous chemotherapy.
The impact of human resource management practices on manufacturing performance
Authors: Jayaram Jayanth , Droge Cornelia , Vickery Shawnee K 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA human resource management (HRM) analysis framework is proposed and tested using data from first tier suppliers to the Big 3 in North America. Relationships among underlying dimensions of human resource management practices and manufacturing performance are examined. The study found support for the proposed framework, suggesting that human resource management practices can be grouped into five distinct factors, four of which are associated with specific manufacturing competitive dimensions (quality, flexibility, cost and time). The remaining HRM factor is generic. The four priority‐specific HRM factors are strongly related to their respective manufacturing performance dimensions.
Developing breakthrough products: challenges and options for market assessment
Authors: Deszca Gene , Munro Hugh , Noori Hamid 
Published: July 2002

AbstractCompetitive pressures and market forces are augmenting the importance of product innovation as a source of competitive advantage. Key drivers underpinning market success have the capacity to develop the “right” products for the “right” customers, using the “right” channels, with a shorter development cycle than competitors. But when breakthrough products (BTPs) are involved, how do we sort out what is “right”? How do we identify customers' future requirements when the technology platforms are still unfolding, products are still in development and customers lack experience with the product? Traditional product development market research techniques are problematic since they assume the customer has historical experience with products similar to those being created. The objective of this paper is to raise the awareness of the OM community with the strengths and weaknesses of existing methodologies for developing and introducing innovative products to market. Further, it suggests promising future directions for both practice and research when BTPs are involved. This is important because of the central role OM plays in managing the success of the BTP development process.
Chondrocyte necrosis and apoptosis in impact damaged articular cartilage
Authors: Chen Chih‐Tung , Burton‐Wurster Nancy , Borden Caroline , Hueffer Karsten , Bloom Stephen E. , Lust George 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA decrease in chondrocyte numbers is one characteristic of osteoarthritic cartilage. This decrease may be the result of apoptosis or other forms of cell death induced by mechanical damage. Furthermore, cell death may contribute to the structural and metabolic changes found in osteoarthritic cartilage. Therefore, we investigated cell viability and the mode of cell death in cartilage subjected to an increasing severity of impact loads expected to cause compositional damage and osteoarthritic‐like metabolic alterations. Canine cartilage explants were subjected to cyclic indentation impacts of 5 megapascals at 0.3 Hz for 0, 2, 20, and 120 min and then kept in culture for 2, 4, 48, and 144 h. Cell death was assessed by the TUNEL assay and by uptake of propidium iodide. Viable cells were detected by the ability to metabolize fluorescein diacetate. Nuclear morphology and ultrastructure of the cell were examined using Hoechst 33342 fluorescent staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As controls for necrosis and apoptosis, cartilage was, respectively, frozen and thawed or incubated with mitomycin‐C, an apoptosis inducer. In cartilage that had been loaded for 2 h, 32% of the chondrocytes in the loaded core took up propidium iodide within 2 h after loading. Most of these were in the middle to superficial zones and reflected leaky cell membranes usually characteristic of necrosis. Less than 1% of these chondrocytes were positive in the TUNEL assay after 4 h. After additional culture for 2 days, however, the proportion of chondrocytes which were positive in the TUNEL assay reached 73%. A dose dependent response to duration of loading was detected with the TUNEL assay at this time. The TUNEL assay was not specific for apoptosis since 92% of chondrocytes in freeze/thawed cartilage were TUNEL positive. However, some cells with apoptotic bodies and chromatin condensation characteristic of apoptosis were found in the transition zone between necrotic and normal chondrocytes, but not in the superficial and upper zones, in impact damaged cartilage. We concluded that in this study, necrosis occurred first, followed by apoptosis. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
The extent of matrix damage and chondrocyte death in mechanically traumatized articular cartilage explants depends on rate of loading
Authors: Ewers B. J. , Dvoracek‐Driksna D. , Orth M. W. , Haut R. C. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractMechanical loads can lead to matrix damage and chondrocyte death in articular cartilage. This damage has been implicated in the pathogenesis of secondary osteoarthritis. Studies on cartilage explants with the attachment of underlying bone at high rates of loading have documented cell death adjacent to surface lesions. On the other hand, studies involving explants removed from bone at low rates of loading suggest no clear spatial association between cell death and matrix damage. The current study hypothesized that the observed differences in the distribution of cell death in these studies are attributed to the rate of loading. Ninety bovine cartilage explants were cultured for two days. Sixty explants were loaded in unconfined compression to 40 MPa in either a fast rate of loading experiment (∼900 MPa/s) or a low rate of loading experiment (40 MPa/s). The remaining 30 explants served as a control population. All explants were cultured for four days after loading. Matrix damage was assessed by measuring the total length and average depth of surface lesions and the release of glycosaminoglycans to the culture media. Explants were sectioned and stained with calcein and ethidium bromide homodimer to document the number of live and dead cells. Greater matrix damage was documented in explants subjected to a high rate of loading, compared to explants exposed to a low rate of loading. The high rate of loading experiments resulted in cell death adjacent to fissures, whereas more dead cells were observed in the low rate of loading experiments and a more diffuse distribution of dead cells was observed away from the fissures. In conclusion, this study indicated that the rate of loading can significantly affect the degree of matrix damage, the distribution of dead cells, and the amount of cell death in unconfined compression experiments on explants of articular cartilage. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Punlished by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effects of cholinergic depletion on evoked activity inthe cortex of young and aged rats
Authors: Herron Paul , Li Zhicheng , Schweitzer John B. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractDegeneration of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain is a neural marker ofAlzheimers disease and is associated with perceptual and cognitive deficits. An idea that hasattracted scientific scutiny is that aging makes the brain more susceptible to neurodegenerativediseases such as Alzheimers. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of the loss ofcholinergic input from nucleus basalis of Meynert on evoked activity in the posteromedial barrelsubfield of the somatosensory cortex in young (2–2.5 months) and aged (28–30 months) maleFisher hybrid rats. The mean firing rate and receptive fields of single neurons in the posteromedialbarrel subfield of the somatosensory cortex were examined after selective lesions of cholinergicneurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert with an immunotoxin, IgG 192‐saporin.Functional properties of single neurons in young animals were affected much moresignificantly by cholinergic depletion than those in aged animals. In cholinergic‐depleted younganimals, the mean firing rate of evoked activity and receptive field of posteromedial barrel subfieldneurons were significantly decreased. Cholinergic depletion caused a 14% decrease in evokedactivity and a 33% increase in receptive field size in young animals. The mean firing rate andreceptive field of single neurons were not affected by cholinergic depletion in aged animals. It isconcluded that functional properties of cortical sensory neurons in young animals are morevulnerable to cholinergic depletion than are those of aged animals and that cholinergic depletiondoes not further impact the properties of neurons exposed to the processes of aging.
Alcohol dependence and gender-role orientation
Authors: Möller-Leimkühler A.M. , Schwarz R. , Burtscheidt W. , Gaebel W. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryObjectiveThe overall increase of female alcoholism is supposed to be associated with the change of the traditional female role, and it is especially seen as a consequence of role convergence or gender-role conflicts. The aim of the present pilot study is to explore whether the approach of gender-role orientation would be empirically useful in contributing to these hypotheses.MethodOne hundred twelve patients with alcohol dependence meeting DSM-III-R criteria were explored after detoxification; gender-role orientation was measured by a German version of the ‘Extended Personal Attributes Questionnaire’, categorising gender-role orientation into four subgroups: masculine, feminine, androgynous, and undifferentiated.ResultsIn comparison with a population-based sample, there are significant differences in the distribution of the four subgroups of gender-role orientation, showing a predominance of the undifferentiated self-concept in the alcoholic sample (49%). Alcoholic females describe themselves as rather undifferentiated, and rather feminine than masculine. Low masculinity and low femininity, as well as high femininity, correlate positively with distress, depressiveness, social anxiety, insecurity and concomitant personality disorders.ConclusionOur data do not support the convergence hypothesis related to gender-role orientation, but support the traditional feminine self-concept as an unspecific risk factor for vulnerability. The question whether an undifferentiated self-concept could be a specific risk factor for alcoholism is discussed.
Ssri-related toxic serotonin syndrome: improvement by discontinuation of treatment and propranolol
Authors: Dursun SM , Burke JG , Nielsen F , Mlynik-Szmid A , Reveley MA 
Published: July 2002

SummaryWe report three cases in which toxic serotonin syndrome developed in relation to three different selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) (ie, fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine), and which all responded to the discontinuation of the SSRI and also to an additional propranolol treatment.
Improvement of cardiac output in patients with severe heart failure by use of ACE‐inhibitors combined with the AT1‐antagonist eprosartan
Authors: Gremmler B. , Kunert M. , Schleiting H. , Ulbricht L.J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBackground:The efficacy of ACE‐inhibitor therapy is well documented in the treatment of chronic heart failure. As pharmacological mechanisms of ACE‐inhibition and angiotensin II AT1‐receptor‐antagonists differ, an additional positive effect concerning left ventricular function can be expected in combining both classes of drugs.Methods:Twenty patients (64.9 ± 8.5 years) with advanced chronic heart failure (NYHA class III) receiving long‐term medication with digitalis, diuretics and ACE‐inhibitors were randomized to either eprosartan (540 ± 96 mg/day) or placebo, according to a blinded protocol. Hemodynamic measurements by impedance cardiography were performed at baseline and after 8.85 ± 1.5 days of study medication treatment.Results:Additional treatment with eprosartan resulted in a higher cardiac output than in the control group (P < 0.05). While in the active treatment group cardiac output increased significantly from baseline (2.27–3.24 l/min, P = 0.039), there was no change in the control group.Conclusions:The additional treatment with the AT1‐receptor antagonist eprosartan, given to severe heart failure patients, who received digitalis, diuretics and ACE‐inhibitors, resulted in a beneficial effect by increasing cardiac output. This effect may be due to eprosartan's additional property of blocking the autocrine interaction of locally and not ACE‐generated angiotensin II with their respective vascular and myocardial AT1‐receptors as well as the influence on prejunctional AT1‐receptors located on sympathetic nerve terminals.
Risk stratification in middle‐aged patients with congestive heart failure: prospective comparison of the Heart Failure Survival Score (HFSS) and a simplified two‐variable model
Authors: Zugck Christian , Krüger Carsten , Kell Robert , Körber Sven , Schellberg Dieter , Kübler Wolfgang , Haass Markus 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAims:The performance of a US‐American scoring system (Heart Failure Survival Score, HFSS) was prospectively evaluated in a sample of ambulatory patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Additionally, it was investigated whether the HFSS might be simplified by assessment of the distance ambulated during a 6‐min walk test (6′WT) instead of determination of peak oxygen uptake (peakVO2).Methods and Results:In 208 middle‐aged CHF patients (age 54 ± 10 years, 82% male, NYHA class 2.3 ± 0.7; follow‐up 28 ± 14 months) the seven variables of the HFSS: CHF aetiology; heart rate; mean arterial pressure; serum sodium concentration; intraventricular conduction time; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); and peakVO2, were determined. Additionally, a 6′WT was performed. The HFSS allowed discrimination between patients at low, medium and high risk, with mortality rates of 16, 39 and 50%, respectively. However, the prognostic power of the HFSS was not superior to a two‐variable model consisting only of LVEF and peakVO2. The areas under the receiver operating curves (AUC) for prediction of 1‐year survival were even higher for the two‐variable model (0.84 vs. 0.74,P< 0.05). Replacing peakVO2with 6′WT resulted in a similar AUC (0.83).Conclusion:The HFSS continued to predict survival when applied to this patient sample. However, the HFSS was inferior to a two‐variable model containing only LVEF and either peakVO2or 6′WT. As the 6′WT requires no sophisticated equipment, a simplified two‐variable model containing only LVEF and 6′WT may be more widely applicable, and is therefore recommended.
Angiotensin‐II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism and long‐term survival in patients with idiopathic congestive heart failure
Authors: Andersson Bert , Blange Irina , Sylvén Christer 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBackground:It has been suggested that a genetic polymorphism in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (ATRG) and the ACE gene DD genotype might have a synergistic influence on the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.Aims:To study the possible interaction between polymorphisms in the ACE gene and the ATRG, regarding survival and left ventricular function.Methods:Polymorphism of the two genes was studied in a population‐based cohort of 194 patients with idiopathic heart failure, recruited from the western part of Sweden 1985–1988. The patients were investigated by echocardiography. The survival status was checked during the 7‐year follow‐up period.Results:Although there was no statistically significant additive risk of the ATRG polymorphism, patients carrying the ACE gene DD genotype in combination with a C allele of the ATRG tended to have a poorer prognosis. DD + AA, OR 1.24 (95% CI 0.67–2.32, P = 0.49); DD + AC, OR 1.64 (95% CI 0.95–2.83, P = 0.08); DD + CC, OR 3.54 95% CI 0.78–16.1, P = 0.10); DD + AC/CC, OR 1.84 (95% CI 1.10–3.08, P = 0.02). Patients with the DD + AC/CC genotypes tended to have lower ejection fraction and increased left ventricular mass.Conclusions:There was a trend toward a worse prognosis in patients with the combination of a C‐allele in the ATRG and the ACE gene DD genotype, suggesting an interaction of these two genetic polymorophisms on disease severity.
Reassembly of MXene Hydrogels into Flexible Films towards Compact and Ultrafast Supercapacitors
Authors: Wu Zhitan , Liu Xiaochen , Shang Tongxin , Deng Yaqian , Wang Ning , Dong Ximan , Zhao Juan , Chen Derong , Tao Ying , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe freestanding MXene films are promising for compact energy storage ascribing to their high pseudocapacitance and density, yet the sluggish ion transport caused by the most densely packed structure severely hinders their rate capability. Here, a reassembly strategy for constructing freestanding and flexible MXene‐based film electrodes with a tunable porous structure is proposed, where the Ti3C2Tx microgels disassembled from 3D structured hydrogel are reassembled together with individual Ti3C2Tx nanosheets in different mass ratios to form a densely packed 3D network in microscale and a film morphology in macroscale. The space utilization of produced film can be maximized by a good balance of the density and porosity, resulting in a high volumetric capacitance of 736 F cm−3 at an ultrahigh scan rate of 2000 mV s−1. The fabricated supercapacitor yields a superior energy density of 40 Wh L−1 at a power density of 0.83 kW L−1, and an energy density of 21 Wh L−1 can be still maintained even when the power density reaches 41.5 kW L−1, which are the highest values reported to date for symmetric supercapacitors in aqueous electrolytes. More promisingly, the reassembled films can be used as electrodes of flexible supercapacitors, showing excellent flexibility and integrability.