bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Click chemistry-based pre-targeting cell delivery for cartilage regeneration
Authors: Co Cynthia M , Izuagbe Samira , Zhou Jun , Zhou Ning , Sun Xiankai , Borrelli Joseph , Tang Liping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A fraction of the OA patient population is affected by post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) following acute joint injuries. Stopping or reversing the progression of PTOA following joint injury could improve long-term functional outcomes, reduced disability, and medical costs. To more effectively treat articular cartilage injury, we have developed a novel cell-based therapy that involves the pre-targeting of apoptotic chondrocytes and the delivery of healthy, metabolically active chondrocytes using click chemistry. Specifically, a pre-targeting agent was prepared via conjugating apoptotic binding peptide (ApoPep-1) and trans-cyclooctene (TCO) onto polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer carrier. The pre-targeting agent would be introduced to injured areas of articular cartilage, leading to the accumulation of TCO groups on the injured areas from actively binding to apoptotic chondrocytes. Subsequently, methyltetrazine (Tz)-bearing chondrocytes would be immobilized on the surface of TCO-coated injured cartilage via Tz-TCO click chemistry reaction. Using an ex vivo human cartilage explant PTOA model, the effectiveness of this new approach was evaluated. Our studies show that this novel approach (Tz-TCO click chemistry) significantly enhanced the immobilization of healthy and metabolically active chondrocytes to the areas of apoptotic chondrocytes. Histological analyses demonstrated that this treatment regimen would significantly reduce the area of cartilage degeneration and enhance ECM regeneration. The results support that Tz-TCO click chemistry-mediated cell delivery approach has great potential in clinical applications for targeting and treatment of cartilage injury.
Effects of management decisions on genetic evaluation of simulated calving records using random regression
Authors: MacNeil Michael D , Buchanan Justin W , Spangler Matthew L , Hay El Hamidi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various data structures on the genetic evaluation for the binary phenotype of reproductive success. The data were simulated based on an existing pedigree and an underlying fertility phenotype with a heritability of 0.10. A data set of complete observations was generated for all cows. This data set was then modified mimicking the culling of cows when they first failed to reproduce, cows having a missing observation at either their second or fifth opportunity to reproduce as if they had been selected as donors for embryo transfer, and censoring records following the sixth opportunity to reproduce as in a cull-for-age strategy. The data were analyzed using a third-order polynomial random regression model. The EBV of interest for each animal was the sum of the age-specific EBV over the first 10 observations (reproductive success at ages 2–11). Thus, the EBV might be interpreted as the genetic expectation of number of calves produced when a female is given 10 opportunities to calve. Culling open cows resulted in the EBV for 3-yr-old cows being reduced from 8.27 ± 0.03 when open cows were retained to 7.60 ± 0.02 when they were culled. The magnitude of this effect decreased as cows grew older when they first failed to reproduce and were subsequently culled. Cows that did not fail over the 11 yr of simulated data had an EBV of 9.43 ± 0.01 and 9.35 ± 0.01 based on analyses of the complete data and the data in which cows that failed to reproduce were culled, respectively. Cows that had a missing observation for their second record had a significantly reduced EBV, but the corresponding effect at the fifth record was negligible. The current study illustrates that culling and management decisions, and particularly those that affect the beginning of the trajectory of sustained reproductive success, can influence both the magnitude and accuracy of resulting EBV.
Effects of prescribed fire timing on vigor of the invasive forb sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata), total forage biomass accumulation, plant-community composition, and native fauna on tallgrass prairie in the Kansas Flint Hills
Authors: Alexander Jonathan A , Fick Walter H , Ogden Sarah B , Haukos David A , Lemmon Jack , Gatson Garth A , Olson K C 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe predominant grazing-management practice of the Kansas Flint Hills involves annual prescribed burning in March or April with postfire grazing by yearling beef cattle at a high stocking density from April to August. There has been a dramatic increase in sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata [Dumont] G. Don) coincident with this temporally focused use of prescribed fire in the Flint Hills region. The species is an aggressive invader and a statewide noxious weed in Kansas. Control has generally been attempted using repeated herbicide applications. This approach has not limited proliferation of sericea lespedeza and resulted in collateral damage to nontarget flora and fauna. Alternative timing of prescribed fire has not been evaluated for its control. Our objectives for this 4-yr experiment were to (1) document the effects of prescribed burning during early April, early August, or early September on vigor of sericea lespedeza, standing forage biomass, and basal cover of native graminoids, forbs, and shrubs and (2) measure responses to fire regimes by grassland bird and butterfly communities. Whole-plant dry mass, basal cover, and seed production of sericea lespedeza were markedly less (P &lt; 0.01) in areas treated with prescribed fire in August or September compared with April. Forage biomass did not differ (P ≥ 0.43) among treatments when measured during July; moreover, frequencies of bare soil, litter, and total basal plant cover were not different (P ≥ 0.29) among treatments. Combined basal covers of C4 grasses, C3 grasses, annual grasses, forbs, and shrubs also did not differ (P ≥ 0.11) between treatments. Densities of grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum), dickcissel (Spiza americana), and eastern meadowlark (Sturnella magna) were not negatively affected (P &gt; 0.10) by midsummer or late-summer fires relative to early-spring fires. There were no differences (P &gt; 0.10) in densities of grassland-specialist butterfly species across fire regimes. Under the conditions of our experiment, prescribed burning during summer produced no detrimental effects on forage production, desirable nontarget plant species, grassland birds, or butterfly communities but had strong suppressive effects on sericea lespedeza. Additional research is warranted to investigate how to best incorporate late-summer prescribed fire into common grazing-management practices in the Kansas Flint Hills.
Effect of a Brief Supportive and Educational Intervention on the Psychological Well-Being of Mothers with Babies in Neonatal Wards of a Tertiary Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Oyekunle Olufemi O , Bella-Awusah Tolulope , Ayede Adejumoke I , Omigbodun Olayinka O , Ani Cornelius C 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To assess the effect of a supportive educational intervention on the psychological wellbeing of mothers whose babies were admitted to Neonatal Care Unit (NCU) in Nigeria.

METHODS
Controlled trial involving 41 mothers whose babies were consecutively admitted into two NCUs (21 in the intervention group and 19 controls). The intervention group received two group-based sessions which included psychological coping strategies, and familiarity with NCU environment, equipment, personnel and procedures. The control group received usual care. Outcome measures were depressive symptoms (Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale—EPDS), stress-related to NCU (Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit—PSS: NICU) and post-traumatic symptoms (Impact Event Scale-Revised—IES-R).

RESULTS
Difference-in-Differences (DiD) analysis showed a difference of −4.70 in PSS: NICU score in favour of the intervention group which was statistically significant [F(3, 75) = 9.47, p &lt; 0.0001, R2 = 0.28]. The differences in EPDS (0.91) and IES-R (2.55) were not statistically significant [F(3, 75) = 10.10, p = 0.74] and [F(3, 75) = 10.13, p = 0.73], respectively. All the mothers in the treatment group expressed satisfaction with the intervention.

CONCLUSION
This brief group-based supportive educational intervention for mothers with babies in NCU was feasible, acceptable and helpful in reducing stress related to NCU. Larger controlled trials are recommended to establish the generalizability of these findings in this region.

LAY SUMMARY
Babies born too early and or with complications require admission to special hospital called Neonatal Care Unit (NCU) to help them to survive. However, parents whose babies are admitted to NCU can find the experience frightening. We examined how to reduce the fear and stress mothers in Nigeria experience when their babies are admitted to NCU.
We had two groups of mothers. The first group made up of 21 mothers was taught how to cope with the stress of having a baby in NCU. They were also shown how the various equipment in the NCU work, what the staff in NCU do and what types of things need to be done to help their babies. The second group of 19 mothers received usual care but did not have the extra teaching the first group received. After 2 weeks, we checked the level of depression and stress the mothers in both groups had compared with the level before the first group received the extra teaching.
We found that mothers in the first group who received the extra teaching were less stressed about having their babies in the NCU compared with the mothers that did not receive the teaching.
Protocol for Infant Massage in Home Settings: An e-Delphi Approach for Consensus Guidance Integrating Traditional Wisdom with Modern Medicine
Authors: Chaturvedi Sarika , Tillu Girish , Kale Anil , Pendse Aruna , Kulkarni Ashwini , Ambike Deepali , Krishnan Madhumita , Gaikwad Manoj , Mulay Monica , Prabhudesai Murlidhar , Nanal Nilangi , Tillu Neelima , Jog Pramod , Jamadar Samina , Kadam Sandeep , Singh Sarvesh Kumar , Komarajju Satyalakshmi , Agarkhedkar Sharad , Malwade Sudhir , Patwardhan Bhushan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Infant massage is a highly prevalent traditional practice in India and other parts of Asia. Clear guidance on safe and effective uses of infant massage is lacking especially in the contemporary times when the traditional knowledge is on the verge of extinction and preparations may differ from in the past. This paper presents a consensus guidance in the form of a standardized protocol for routine massage of infants in home settings. Furthermore, a feasible method to develop an integrative protocol involving traditional and modern medicine experts is described. A modified e-Delphi method was used to develop the protocol. A group of seventeen experts, including academicians and practitioners from disciplines as modern paediatrics, Ayurveda paediatrics, Physiotherapy and Naturopathy participated in three rounds of a Delphi study to evolve the consensus guidance. The present protocol for massage of infants born beyond 34 weeks of gestation and weighing above 1.8 kg is recommended for use by care givers. This provides guidance on the preparation for infant massage such as when to begin massaging the infant, checking fitness of the infant for massage, the appropriate time, environment, person and substance for infant massage and a detailed description of the procedure for infant massage. Paediatricians, obstetricians and other child care practitioners can use this protocol to guide care givers on how to peform infant massage.
The Natural Antisense Transcript DONE40 Derived from the lncRNA ENOD40 Locus Interacts with SET Domain Protein ASHR3 During Inception of Symbiosis in Arachis hypogaea
Authors: Ganguly Pritha , Roy Dipan , Das Troyee , Kundu Anindya , Cartieaux Fabienne , Ghosh Zhumur , DasGupta Maitrayee 
Published: May 2021

The long noncoding RNA ENOD40 is required for cortical cell division during root nodule symbiosis (RNS) of legumes, though it is not essential for actinorhizal RNS. Our objective was to understand whether ENOD40 was required for aeschynomenoid nodule formation in Arachis hypogaea. AhENOD40 express from chromosome 5 (chr5) (AhENOD40-1) and chr15 (AhENOD40-2) during symbiosis, and RNA interference of these transcripts drastically affected nodulation, indicating the importance of ENOD40 in A. hypogaea. Furthermore, we demonstrated several distinct characteristics of ENOD40. (i) Natural antisense transcript (NAT) of ENOD40 was detected from the AhENOD40-1 locus (designated as NAT-AhDONE40). (ii) Both AhENOD40-1 and AhENOD40-2 had two exons, whereas NAT-AhDONE40 was monoexonic. Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR analysis indicated both sense and antisense transcripts to be present in both cytoplasm and nucleus, and their expression increased with the progress of symbiosis. (iii) RNA pull-down from whole cell extracts of infected roots at 4 days postinfection indicated NAT-AhDONE40 to interact with the SET (Su(var)3-9, enhancer of Zeste and Trithorax) domain containing absent small homeotic disc (ASH) family protein AhASHR3 and this interaction was further validated using RNA immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. (iv) Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicate deposition of ASHR3-specific histone marks H3K36me3 and H3K4me3 in both of the ENOD40 loci during the progress of symbiosis. ASHR3 is known for its role in optimizing cell proliferation and reprogramming. Because both ASHR3 and ENOD40 from legumes cluster away from those in actinorhizal plants and other nonlegumes in phylogenetic distance trees, we hypothesize that the interaction of DONE40 with ASHR3 could have evolved for adapting the nodule organogenesis program for legumes. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
An Investigation on the Perceptions of Practicing Interdisciplinary Health Professionals on Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice Simulation
Authors: Roszczynialski Kelly N. , Register Shilpa J. , Bergman Lisa , White Marjorie Lee 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
Rapid cycle deliberate practice (RCDP) is a relatively new method for delivering simulation for a structured algorithm-based clinical content. We sought to understand how a group of practicing emergency medicine healthcare professionals would perceive RCDP as a learning method.

Methods
This was a qualitative study of participants' reactions to RCDP simulation during an orientation process to a new freestanding emergency department using grounded theory. Focus groups were held after simulation sessions to investigate the participants reactions to RCDP as well as the experience of multiple professions participating. Two investigators independently coded the focus group transcripts to detect themes and developed a list of codes, which were then confirmed by consensus. Data were organized into themes with contributing codes.

Results
Thirty-one individuals participated in the focus groups including physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses, respiratory therapists, and patient care technicians. Four themes were detected: the procedural components of RCDP, the behavioral response to RCDP, learning through RCDP, and RCDP as interprofessional experience. The participants view of emotions and interruptions and pauses had discrepant interpretation.

Conclusions
Participants received RCDP simulation positively. Initial negative reactions to the interruptions and pauses of RCDP dissipated as the simulation progressed. Ultimately, learners agreed that RCDP was extremely effective as compared with traditional simulation for medical resuscitation training because of the authenticity of the multidisciplinary aspect. This suggests that RCDP may be an effective tool for continuing education of practicing healthcare professionals.
Chemical Components of Smoke Produced From Versatile Training Tissue Models Using Electrocautery
Authors: Morimoto Gaku , Kawahira Hiroshi , Takayama Seiichiro , Lefor Alan Kawarai 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
While exposure of surgeons and other staff to surgical smoke is an increasing health risk concern, there is a similar risk for users in surgical simulation and training. This study was undertaken to determine the chemical composition of smoke produced from a novel training model, Versatile Training Tissue (VTT), which is used for surgical simulation and training, and to compare this with smoke from a chemosynthetic model and porcine muscle and liver.

Methods
A variety of models (VTT, polyvinyl alcohol, porcine muscle and liver) were prepared and cauterized. Identification of chemical substances in smoke was performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Quantitative instrumental analysis was implemented with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. A convenient analysis was performed with a general smoke tube kit.

Results
The main chemical components of smoke produced from VTT models include water and carbon dioxide. A small number of organic compounds were detected. Versatile Training Tissue models produced smoke with fewer compounds than smoke from a chemosynthetic model or porcine muscle.

Conclusions
The concentration of organic compounds from VTT models is considered to be below relevant health risk limits and lower than from polyvinyl alcohol and porcine muscle models. Although porcine liver smoke contains less of the main organic compounds of concern than a KM, it contains potentially hazardous nitrile compounds that are absent in KM smoke. Therefore, surgical simulation and training with VTT models should be considered relatively safe for trainees.
Understanding the psychological journey of patients with head and neck cancer in different periods: a qualitative study protocol
Authors: Li Yin , Ping Cheng , Yijian Li , Chunlian Yang , Ren Jiang , Jing Yang , Haixin Liang , Qinghua Jiang , Jianxia Lyu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionThere are more than 900,000 new cases of head and neck tumors in the world every year, which is the sixth most common tumor in the world. During the treatment of head and neck cancer, patients often face various symptoms and psychological problems. In this qualitative study, patients with head and neck cancer were invited to share their psychological journey during diagnosis, treatment, and recovery to (1) understand their psychological status and feelings during different treatment stages, (2) their needs and concerns during different treatment stages, and (3) difficulties and problems in self-management.Methods and analysisWe adopt qualitative study to understand these patient’ psychological journey with head and neck cancer, especially when they are at different times in the diagnosis, treatment and completion of head and neck tumors. Thematic analysis will be carried out following the six-phase iterative process suggested by Braun and Clarke: (1) familiarising oneself with data, (2) generating initial codes, (3) searching for themes, (4) reviewing themes,(5) defining and naming themes and (6) providing the report, which will be used to analyse the qualitative data.Ethics and disseminationThis study has ethical approval from the Sichuan Cancer Hospital Ethics Committee. We will disseminate the findings through national and international conferences and international peer-reviewed journals.Strengths and limitationsIn this study, qualitative research was used to better understand the psychological process and feelings of patients with head and neck tumor at different stages of treatment.The subjects were interviewed in the same tumor hospital. Patients in different grade hospitals in different regions may have different psychological processes and experiences.
Scabies outbreak management in refugee/migrant camps across Europe 2014-17: a retrospective qualitative interview study of healthcare staff experiences and perspectives
Authors: Richardson N. A. , Cassell J. A. , Head M. G. , Lanza S. , Schaefer C. , Walker S.L. , Middleton J. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundScabies outbreaks were common in formal and informal refugee/migrant camps across Europe in 2014-17. This qualitative study aimed to provide insight into the experiences and perspectives of healthcare staff who treated scabies or managed outbreaks in these camps.MethodsRecruitment was primarily through online networks of healthcare staff involved in medical care in refugee/migrant settings. Retrospective semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted, transcribed, and qualitative framework analysis carried out.ResultsTwelve participants who had worked in camps across seven European countries were interviewed. They reported that in the camps they had worked scabies diagnosis was primarily clinical, and without dermatoscopy, and treatment and outbreak management varied highly. Seven participants stated scabicide treatment was provided in camps whilst they were there, the remaining five reported only symptomatic management was offered. They described the camps as difficult places to work, with poor standards of living experienced by residents. Key perceived barriers to scabies control were (i) lack of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene facilities, specifically: absent/ limited showers (difficult to wash off irritant topical scabicides); inability to wash clothes and bedding (may have increased transmission/re-infestation), (ii) social factors: language; stigma; treatment non-compliance; mobility (interfering with contact tracing and follow-up treatments), (iii) healthcare factors: scabicide shortages and diversity; lack of examination privacy; staff inexperience, (iv) organisational factors: overcrowding; ineffective inter-organisational coordination; lack of support and maltreatment by state authorities (e.g. not providing basic facilities, and obstruction of self-care by camp residents and of aid efforts by NGOs).ConclusionsWe recommend development of accessible scabies guidelines for camps, use of consensus diagnostic criteria, and oral ivermectin mass treatments. In addition, as much of the work described was by small, volunteer staffed NGOs, we should reflect how we in the wider healthcare community can better support such initiatives, and those they serve.