bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory Work-Up of Chronic B-Cell Lymphoid Malignancies – A Value-Based Approach
Authors: Shi Min , Dao Linda , Jevremovic Dragan 
Published: May 2021

<p>The aim of study was to summarize recent developments in laboratory work-up of lymphomas and discuss their clinical relevance. Diagnosis of lymphoma requires tissue biopsy with adequate work-up by pathologists. Recent developments in laboratory testing have raised the bar for establishing the diagnosis: more and more testing seems to be required, while the lines between research and clinical practice are being blurred. Academic medical practice is designed to push boundaries and test new hypotheses, which eventually result in improved patient care. Ability to (relatively) cheaply screen for multiple genomic abnormalities using new technologies is luring. Often, however, no change in patient management is pursued based on these results. It is therefore useful to review which testing is truly necessary from the patient’s point of view.</p><p><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The laboratory work-up of lymphomas in a regular clinical practice requires relatively few tests. Many new tests have prognostic value, but do not necessarily contribute to the patient management.</p>
Combined Microsurgical, Endoscopic and Neuronavigation Assisted Transseptal-Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Tumors
Authors: Pojskić Mirza , Arnautovic Alisa , Kovacevic Marko , Beckford Neal S. , Qureshi Mohammad N. , Linder James , Arnautović Kenan I. 
Published: May 2021

<p><strong>Objective. </strong>To describe the technical nuances of multimodal transseptal-transsphenoid surgery for pituitary tumors using a combination of microneurosurgery, neuroendoscopy, and electromagnetic neuronavigation.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods. </strong>A transnasal approach to the sella is performed endoscopically and widely exposed by an otolaryngologic surgeon. Surgery is next performed by the neurosurgeon with microscope and neuronavigation for microsurgical resection of pituitary tumors. Neuroendoscope is also used at the end of surgery to confirm tumor resection and inspect operative site. During surgery, the patient’s head, angle and height of the microscope, and position of the table are repositionable to allow for multiple angle views. Abdominal fat harvested prior to the procedure is used to ensure cerebrospinal fluid seal.</p><p><strong>Results. </strong>The senior author (KIA) has used the combined approach with 84 consecutive patients. Radical resection was achieved in 66 patients, subtotal in 11, and partial in 7. There were no perioperative complications. Six patients experienced postoperative transient diabetes insipidus. The pituitary gland and stalk were preserved in all cases. Visual symptoms were improved in 78% and endocrinological symptoms in 56% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion. </strong>This combined approach is safe and effective. It increases the efficacy and radicality of surgical resection, helps to preserve the pituitary gland, and improves and resolves preoperatively altered patient hormonal function and impaired vision. It also reduces complications, provides less postoperative pain and discomfort, reduces the surgery time, and enables a shorter hospital-stay.</p>
Evidencias de validez de una medida de la motivación por las Ciencias de la Naturaleza
Authors: Toma Radu Bogdan 
Published: May 2021

En los últimos años se ha detectado un descenso en las vocacionescientíficas del alumnado. El modelo expectativa-valor se postula como uno delos enfoques teóricos más útiles para comprender las motivaciones académicas;sin embargo, estudios recientes sugieren la necesidad de añadir un tercerconstructo, denominado coste. Dado que no existen investigaciones que apoyenesta reconceptualización en la población española, el presente estudio expone eldiseño y el análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de un nuevo instrumentoenfocado a medir la motivación por la asignatura de Ciencias de la Naturalezaen Educación Primaria y aporta datos de referencia para esta etapa educativa.Se trata de una investigación de tipo instrumental, con una muestra noprobabilística de conveniencia compuesta por 339 estudiantes de 3º a 6º curso,proveniente de nueve centros educativos de la provincia de Burgos. El análisisfactorial confirmatorio arrojó niveles de bondad de ajuste óptimos para laestructura factorial compuesta por tres factores: expectativas de éxito, creenciasde valor, y coste. Las matrices de coeficientes estandarizados y de correlacionesentre constructos proporcionaron evidencias de validez convergentes ydiscriminantes. Un análisis correlacional con seis dimensiones actitudinales deafinidad teórica aportó evidencias de validez concurrente. Asimismo, los tresfactores presentaron una fiabilidad interna adecuada, atendiendo a los índicesAlfa de Cronbach y Omega de McDonald. Finalmente, se han identificado bajosniveles de expectativas de éxito y creencias de valor, sin diferencias significativas según el género o el nivel escolar. Estos hallazgos ofrecen apoyo empírico para el modelo teórico expectativas-valor-coste y presentan un instrumento oportuno, pertinente y psicométricamente válido y confiable que permite el desarrollo de futuras investigaciones. Además, resaltan la necesidad de desarrollar intervenciones educativas desde etapas elementales para fomentar la motivación por las ciencias de la naturaleza.
The Rise of the Hydrofoil and the Displacement of the Hull: The Design, Construction and Performance Measurement of a 6m Flying Catamaran
Authors: Chapman Edward , Chapman George 
Published: May 2021

The evolution of an all-round 6-metre hybrid displacement/flying day-sailing catamaran is described. A 4.9m prototype was a relatively conventional, but wide, beach-cat type platform with a single fractional rig. Fitted with mechanically incidence-controlled horizontal lifting surfaces beneath the twin daggerboards and a single inverted T rudder, the boat could be sailed in one of three modes: fully displacement with the lifting foils locked in neutral; one hull displacement and the other flying under automatic height control; two hull flying. The small size and structural fragility of the 4.9m boat led to the construction of a 2-man 6m version which, despite being overweight, performs satisfactorily over a wider range of operating conditions than her predecessor.
A simple VPP suggested that a second pair of lifting foils with greater area would enlarge the fully oilborne performance envelope upwind, although reducing top speeds on other courses. In practice these foils performed poorly other than on flat water. Other errors contributed to the ultimate failure of one foil-strut assembly, the mode of which is described in detail. Prior to this it was found that operating the foils as stabilisers, i.e. in their active mode but with the hulls in the water, provided a remarkably comfortable, safe and fast ride, particularly upwind in gusty weather. Subsequently, "flying displacement" became the preferred upwind mode, with the original, smaller lifters.
Because the author's working hours have limited the opportunity to sail against other similar sized beach cats, instruments to record the boat's performance have been developed. Based around readily available low cost microcontroller technology, the data gathered is processed to identify short, steady periods of sailing. The resulting polar diagrams have compared favourably with predicted performance. Supporting the weight of a boat, as well as resisting roll and pitch moments, through a more subtle combination of dynamic foil lift and hull displacement than presented here provides a continuing opportunity for further developments.
Igennem urenhed til himlen: Den tanato-kosmologiske transformation fra israelitisk religion til kristendom
Authors: Lundager Jensen Hans J. 
Published: May 2021

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the Hebrew Bible, there is no wish for a heavenly existence among human beings; God and his angels on the one hand and human beings on the other, normally maintain a safe distance from each other. Divine beings are potentially deadly for humans, and dead humans are the strongest source of impurity that threatens to encroach upon holy places. With the ‘ontological’ transformation in antique Judaism and early Christianity that opened up the possibility of an eternal life in heaven, followed a reversal of the value of death-impurity in a manner that resembles Indian Tantrism; no longer something to avoid, the way to heaven passed through dead bodies.
DANSK RESUMÉ: I Det Gamle Testamente er der ingen forventning eller ønske om et liv i himlen efter døden. Gud og guddommelige væsener på den ene side og mennesker på den anden bevarer normalt en rimelig afstand til hinanden. Guddommelige væsener er potentielt dræbende, og døde mennesker er den stærkeste form for urenhed der truer med at invadere hellige steder. Med den ‘ontologiske’ transformation der fandt sted i antik Jødedom og som åbnede for muligheden for et liv i himlen efter døden, fulgte en omvending af synet på døde menneskers kroppe, der på nogle punkter minder om den indiske tantrisme. Døde kroppe skulle ikke længere undgås, men opsøges på vejen til himlen.
Remote medico-legal assessment by telephone during COVID-19: Monitoring safety and quality when documenting evidence of torture for UK asylum applicants
Authors: Cohen Juliet , Gregory Bernie , Newman Kate , Rowe Emily , Thackray Deborah 
Published: May 2021

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, we developed remote assessment to provide interim medicolegal reports, ensuring people could obtain medical evidence to support their asylum claim. The Freedom from Torture research ethics committee approved the project.
To audit this new way of working we collected feedback from the doctors, interpreters, individuals being assessed, and senior medical and legal staff who reviewed the reports. This paper presents findings from the first 20 assessments.
Individuals reported that the doctors developed good rapport, but in 35% of assessments reported that there were some experiences they felt unable to disclose. In 70% of assessments, doctors felt that rapport was not as good as when face-to-face. In a majority of assessments the doctor was unable to gain a full account of the torture or its impact. Doctors reported feeling cautious about pressing for more information on the telephone, mindful of individuals’ vulnerability and the difficulty of providing support remotely.
Nevertheless, in 85% of assessments doctors felt able to assess the consistency of the account of torture that was given with the psychological findings, in accordance with the Istanbul Protocol.
The surveys indicated factors that hindered the assessment: inability to observe body language, the person’s ill health, and confidentiality concerns.
The limitations of these assessments underline the need for a follow-up face-to-face assessment to expand the psychological assessment and undertake a physical assessment.
This research indicates that psychological medico-legal reports can safely be produced by telephone assessment, but are more likely to be incomplete in terms of both full disclosure of torture experiences and psychological assessment.
Obituary
Authors: Editorial Team  
Published: May 2021

In recent months, during a year when organizations that provide services for survivors of torture faced new challenges during the global COVID-19 pandemic, some of the people who have been leading the anti-torture movement for years have passed. We would like to remember and pay tribute here to some of these figures. This list is by no means exhaustive. It is intended, through the names it contains, to serve as a tribute also to the many workers, survivors and friends who have left us.
Engaging torture survivors in the global fight against torture
Authors: Soley Berta 
Published: May 2021

Lived experience can be emancipating and also paralysing, but foremost, it is immensely valuable to combat what has been suffered in first person (Henry, 2021). How to recognise that contribution and engage torture survivors in the global fight against torture? What role do survivors play in society? How to involve survivors in advocacy and policy-making processes? What are the existing power (in)balances at play? Who gets to decide whether a survivor should speak up or not? Acknowledging that it can prompt some organisational, therapeutic, and professional considerations, what are the limits? How do we ensure that the survivor’s well-being is protected along the process? To what extend should survivors be engaged in our organisation’s decision-making?
In front of the current on-going debate on the need of actively engaging torture survivors in the global fight against torture, IRCT held a webinar to explore this topic. The webinar examined torture survivor engagement in the rehabilitation process of rebuilding lives, seeking justice and torture prevention. This article summarises the discussion held during the webinar with the presentations from Léonce Byimana[1], Feride Rushiti[2], Kolbassia Haoussou[3] and Vasfije Karsniqi-Goodman[4] and further inputs from other IRCT-members.
[1] Executive Director of Torture Abolition and Survivors Support Coalition (TASSC)
[2] Executive Director of the Kosova Rehabilitation Center for Torture Victims (KRCTV)
[3] Director of Survivor Empowerment at Freedom From Torture
[4] Survivor and member of the Kosovan parliament
Evaluation of Vitamins C and E on Spermeogram and Malondialdehyde Concentration in Chilled Semen of Nigerian Indigenous Turkey Toms (Meleagris gallopavo)
Authors: Echekwu W. O. , Madu J. M. , Okeke R. O. , Opaluwa-Kuzayed I. G. , Idoga E. S. , Suleiman I. O. , Umar D. S. Bunjah 
Published: May 2021

The study aims to evaluate the effect of antioxidant vitamins C and E on spermeogram and malondialdehyde concentration in chilled semen of Nigerian indigenous turkey toms (Meleagris gallopavo). The results from this study showed that supplementation of the diluents of turkey semen with antioxidants resulted in improvement in spermatozoa motility, pH, volume and reduced rate of lipid peroxidation compared to the control (T0). Vitamin E recorded a better result in relation to motility, viability and lipid peroxidation rate better than a combination of vitamin C and E. Improvement in semen concentration of turkey tom were recorded in the semen of turkey extended with vitamin C. These results demonstrate that lipid peroxidation is a significant factor affecting the fertility of stored turkey sperm and those methods to prevent or reduce lipid peroxidation remain to be elucidated.
Individual Anchoveta(Engraulisringens) Fishing Quota and the Administration and Control of Fishing Activity in a Region of Peru
Authors: Estrada Iván Saldaña 
Published: May 2021

Aims:The research was carried out with the objective of determining whether the individual anchoveta(Engraulisringens) fishing quota for direct human consumption constitutes a regulatory alternative for the administration and control of fishing activity to the extent that it allows greater efficiency of the industry, the increase in value total fisheries, the improvement in the safety of fishing and the sustainability of the hydrobiological resource.
Methodology:The research is applied, non-experimental type and descriptive correlational design. The sample consisted of 50% of National and Comparative Legislation, Doctrine, Jurisprudence and Specialized Records on fishing issues; and by 30 experts in fisheries: lawyers 25% and representatives of fishermen 25%, from the District of Chimbote; Two questionnaires were developed to collect the data of the variables under study.
Results:The results are presented in tables and statistical figures. The results showed that the individual quota of anchoveta(E.ringens)fishing for direct human consumption constitutes 43.3% a regulatory alternative to administer and control the fisheries administration, Chimbote, 2018.
Conclusion:It was evidenced that the individual quota for fishing for direct human consumption allows a greater efficiency of the industry, the increase in the total value of the fisheries, the improvement in the safety of fishing and the sustainability of the hydrobiological resource. The individual fishing quota is a system that deserves to be seriously evaluated in Peru, with a broad participation not only of fishing entrepreneurs, but also of the various actors of civil society.
Effect of Integrated Phosphorus Management on Macro and Micronutrient Status of Soil in Bt-Cotton
Authors: Rushi K. V. S. L. Raj , Rani P. Prasuna , Prasad P. R. K. , Kumar P. Anil 
Published: May 2021

Aim: To evaluate the impact of integrated use of phosphorus on soil fertility in Bt-Cotton.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications.
Place of Study: At College Farm, Agricultural College, Bapatla, Guntur district.
Methodology: After the preliminary layout, Tulasi-BG II hybrid of cotton was used as a test crop, with a spacing of 90 cm x 60 cm in the experimental site. Farmyard Manure @ 10 t ha-1 was applied 10 days prior to sowing while phosphorus solubilising bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 was applied one day before sowing. Phosphorus was applied as per the treatments basally at sowing whereas, the recommended dose of nitrogen and potassium (120 and 60 kg ha-1, respectively) were applied in four equal splits at 20, 40, 60, and 80.
Results: The treatments showed no significant influence on available nitrogen and potassium but, comparatively higher values of nitrogen and potassium were observed in organic treated plots. The available phosphorus content was markedly influenced by level of phosphorus as well as components of integration at all the crop growth stages. Highest available phosphorus was recorded on integration of maximum dose of phosphorus with Phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB) and Farmyard manure (FYM). The available micronutrient contents in soil did not show any marked difference among the treatments at all the stages of crop growth.
Conclusion: Application of phosphorus along with Phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB) and Farmyard manure (FYM) can reduce the phosphorus requirement to crops as well as improves soil health.
Reflective Tutoring and International Presence of Graduate Students: Teacher Training Experiences
Authors: Juárez Graciela González , Pancardo Diana Cecilia Tapia , Gómez Gandhy Ponce , Hernández Cynthia Ramírez 
Published: May 2021

Background: The criteria for assessing the impact of tutoring are descriptive and results-oriented to train graduate professionals and researchers. The voice of the actors is null and void to identify thoughtful practices that promote the presence of students in academic activities abroad.
Objective: To search the international experiences of teachers that enhance the international presence of the students of the master’s degree in Nursing.
Methods: Qualitative research with descriptive design and oriented in tutor experiences to empower students to participate in international academic events. The study population was intentional according to their international track record, experience in tutoring and availability and five tutors from the Master of Nursing Program participated. An interview was conducted via virtual, during pandemic confinement, lasting an hour and a half on average. Interviews were transcribed and analysis categories identified using AtlasTi.
Results: Tutoring experiences were systematized into five categories: tutoring perception, tutoring conditions, tutoring objective, relevant tutoring experiences, contribution to master's internationalization.
Discussion: Tutoring is a role of great complexity that does not stick to the elaboration of the thesis, it implies dissemination of academic work in international contexts, knowledge of students to plan the accompaniment, establishment of academic networks as results of the program's mobility actions.
Conclusions: Postgraduate tutoring involves assessing the significance of research and its scopes that are delimited by the characteristics of the students, the international experiences of teachers, but also of institutional support to support mobility and the linkage promoted by teachers.
Modulation of Negative Differential Resistance in Black Phosphorus Transistors
Authors: Cheng Ruiqing , Yin Lei , Hu Rui , Liu Huijun , Wen Yao , Liu Chuansheng , He Jun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNegative differential resistance (NDR), which describes the current decrease as the applied bias increases, holds great potential for varieties of electronic applications including radio‐frequency oscillators, multipliers, and multivalue logics. Here, the modulation of a unique NDR effect in ambipolar black phosphorus (BP) transistors is reported, which is activated by specific electrical field dependence of lateral carrier distribution and is distinct from conventional NDR devices that rely on quantum tunneling. The NDR device exhibits a high peak current density (34 µA µm−1) and a high operating temperature. More importantly, due to the strong coupling between the channel and the gate electrode, both the NDR peak current and peak/valley voltages can be effectively modulated by the electrostatic gate. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that light can serve as an additional terminal for NDR modulation. The findings could provide an important insight into the transport behavior of BP transistors and contribute to the design of ambipolar‐semiconductor‐based electrical circuits.
Kirigami Structures of Shape Memory Polymer by Femtosecond Laser Scribing and Constrained Heating
Authors: You Hongshu , Zhang Yachao , Hu Yanlei , Song Yuegan , Xue Cheng , Ji Shengyun , Li Rui , Li Longfu , Li Jiawen , Wu Dong , Chu Jiaru 
Published: May 2021

AbstractKirigami‐inspired structures have found a large variety of applications such as mechanical metamaterials, electronic devices, and biomedicine. In this paper, a facile method is reported to construct deformable Kirigami structures on shape memory polymer with femtosecond laser. Simple slits are scribed using femtosecond laser via an athermal manner and then spontaneously transformed into complicated Kirigami structures under the constrained heating. The deformation process of the Kirigami structures is systematically investigated, which can be accurately predicated by simulation results and thus provide the basis for the programmable structure preparation. The Kirigami structures with controllable deformation are obtained by engineering the initial laser‐scribed pattern and heating condition. The method features simplicity, neglectable material loss, and does not need external mechanical force. As a proof of concept demonstration, the as‐prepared Kirigami structure is utilized for efficient water harvesting. This work holds great promise in broad applications including mechanical metamaterials and bioinspired functional surfaces.