bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lisbon Field Area, San Juan County, Utah
Authors: Parker John M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Lisbon field oil and gas accumulation is trapped in a faulted anticline. Reservoirs are in five zones—the McCracken and Ouray of Devonian age, the Leadville of Mississippian age, and the middle Paradox and Honaker Trail (upper Hermosa) of Pennsylvanian age. Only the Mississippian oil, condensate, and gas reservoir is of commercial importance at the present time. Oil production from the Mississippian from 1960 to September 1965 was 11,801,530 bbls. Remaining oil reserve is estimated to be 39 million bbls. Gas reserve is estimated to be 240 billion cu ft. The gas now being produced is injected into the Mississippian in a pressure-maintenance program. It is estimated that gas sales will begin in 1973. The gas has a high nitrogen and carbon dioxide content (775 ± Btu) and will require beneficiation.
Gas in Delaware and Val Verde Basins, West Texas and Southeastern New Mexico
Authors: Hills John M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Delaware and Val Verde basins are in the southeastern part of the Permian basin of West Texas and southeastern New Mexico. They have a combined surface area of about 21,000 sq mi and contain about 54,000 cu mi of possibly gas-bearing sedimentary rocks. At the beginning of 1965 there were 63 dry- or nonassociated-gas fields producing in the Texas part of the basins and 35 in the New Mexico part. Prospects for finding additional gas reserves of substantial size in this area appear to be good.
Exploration for oil in this area began in the early part of the century, but only in the last 10 years have market conditions justified the search for gas alone. In much of the basin area Ellenburger dolomite of Early Ordovician and Cambrian age rests on the Precambrian basement, although on the southeast clastic beds of Cambrian age intervene. The Ellenburger rocks contain some of the largest gas reserves in the region. Middle and Upper Ordovician strata are present in most of the basin area. Devonian and Silurian carbonate rocks are important gas-yielding reservoirs. Above the Woodford Shale, which lies on the Devonian carbonate beds, are the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian Systems. All series of the Pennsylvanian produce gas somewhere in the basins; the Morrow, Canyon, and Cisco are the most important.
In the lower part of the overlying Permian System, coarse clastic rocks of Wolfcamp age form important gas reservoirs. One important field and several smaller ones yield gas from the upper part of the Delaware Mountain Group in the Upper Permian Guadalupe Series.
Upper Triassic continental strata lie on the evaporites of the Ochoa Series of the uppermost Permian. On the Triassic rocks lies the Cretaceous System, comprising both the Comanche and Gulf Series in the southeast but only the Comanche Series in the north. Cenozoic and Recent sand and gravel form much of the surface of the north and west parts of the Delaware basin, and piles of Tertiary volcanic material form the mountains in the southwestern part of the region. Brief resumes are given of Brown-Bassett, Clara Couch, Coyanosa, Gomez, Ozona, Puckett, Sonora, Toyah, Atoka Penn, Bell Lake, and Indian Basin fields.
A study of these fields indicates that there are two major classes of deep-gas prospects in the basin area. One consists of the very deep structural traps in the depths of the basins which form prolific reservoirs but are expensive to explore. The other class comprises the stratigraphic sandstone traps along the northwest and east sides of the Delaware basin. These offer opportunities for development of moderate reserves at medium cost. All exploration in the basin area is dependent on the maintenance of favorable marketing conditions.
Natural Gas in Devonian and Silurian Rocks of Permian Basin, West Texas and Southeast New Mexico
Authors: Salisbury Gerald P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Gas and oil fields producing from Devonian reservoirs in the Permian basin of West Texas and New Mexico form a remarkably uniform pattern—fields producing only gas on the south and west, fields with high gas/oil ratios and gas-condensate fields near the center of the region, and fields which produce only oil on the north. The methane content of gases in these fields has a similar regional variation from more than 90 per cent methane on the south and west to less than 30 per cent on the northeast. Analysis of variation of other gas components and crude oil suggests that the methane variation is independent of both other gases and crude oil composition. Relation of methane variation to variation in gas volume suggests that variation in gas distribution is primarily a function of methane distribution. Limited data suggest that carbon dioxide may be anticipated in increasing volumes along the southern margin of the region.
Uniformity of the observed pattern indicates that only gas will be found in Silurian-Devonian reservoirs in the Delaware and Val Verde basins.
The gas-distribution pattern bears no consistent relation to Silurian-Devonian lithofacies or structural relief. There is simply an increase in the amount of methane toward the Marathon thrust belt. It is proposed that the gas pattern may have been effected by distribution of methane in solution in formation water migrating away from the Marathon thrust belt under the influence of supernormal pressures resulting from overthrusting. Carbon dioxide may have been distributed similarly at a later time and in smaller volumes than methane. Differential distribution of both gases may have been a function of volume of methane or carbon dioxide in solution in a given area and of the volume of gas-bearing water reaching the area.
Natural Gas in Permian and Cisco Beds of Red River and Electra Arch
Authors: Reutinger C. A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper describes the shallow accumulations of solution and nonassociated gas along the Red River and Electra arch. The first commercial well in North Texas was a nonassociated-gas well completed in 1907 in this area. The first commercial oil well in North Texas was completed in 1910 in this area. Both the nonassociated gas and solution gas are practically depleted, but the history of a pioneer development and some of the “firsts” credited to the province are of interest.
Neonatal and infant mortality associated with spina bifida: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ho Peter , Quigley Maria A. , Tatwavedi Dharamveer , Britto Carl , Kurinczuk Jennifer J. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesA systematic review was conducted in high-income country settings to analyse: (i) spina bifida neonatal and IMRs over time, and (ii) clinical and socio-demographic factors associated with mortality in the first year after birth in infants affected by spina bifida.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, Ovid, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus and the Cochrane Library were searched from 1stJanuary, 1990 to 31stAugust, 2020 to review evidence.Study selectionPopulation-based studies that provided data for spina bifida infant mortality and case fatality according to clinical and socio-demographical characteristics were included. Studies were excluded if they were conducted solely in tertiary centres. Spina bifida occulta or syndromal spina bifida were excluded where possible.Data extraction and synthesisIndependent reviewers extracted data and assessed their quality using MOOSE guideline. Pooled mortality estimates were calculated using random-effects (+/- fixed effects) models meta-analyses. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and I2statistics. Meta-regression was performed to examine the impact of year of birth cohort on spina bifida infant mortality.ResultsTwenty studies met the full inclusion criteria with a total study population of over 30 million liveborn infants and approximately 12,000 spina bifida-affected infants. Significant declines in spina bifida associated infant and neonatal mortality rates (e.g. 4.76% decrease in IMR per 100, 000 live births per year) and case fatality (e.g. 2.70% decrease in infant case fatality per year) were consistently observed over time. Preterm birth (RR 4.45; 2.30–8.60) and low birthweight (RR 4.77; 2.67–8.55) are the strongest risk factors associated with increased spina bifida infant case fatality.SignificanceSignificant declines in spina bifida associated infant/neonatal mortality and case fatality were consistently observed, advances in treatment and mandatory folic acid food fortification both likely play an important role. Particular attention is warranted from clinicians caring for preterm and low birthweight babies affected by spina bifida.
Infertility management according to the Endometriosis Fertility Index in patients operated for endometriosis: What is the optimal time frame?
Authors: Bailleul Alexandre , Niro Julien , Du Cheyron Joseph , Panel Pierre , Fauconnier Arnaud 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
The Endometriosis Fertility Index (EFI) is a validated score for predicting the postoperative spontaneous pregnancy rate in patients undergoing endometriosis surgery. However, the practical use of the EFI to advise patients about postoperative fertility management is unclear.

Materials and methods
All patients participating in the ENDOQUAL study–a prospective observational bi-center cohort study conducted between 01/2012 and 06/2018–who underwent surgery for infertility were asked to complete a questionnaire collecting time and mode of conception. Statistical analysis was performed with the Fine and Gray model of competing risks and analysis of fertility according to the EFI.

Results
Of the 234 patients analyzed, 104 (44.4%) conceived postoperatively including 58 (55.8%) spontaneous pregnancies. An EFI of 0–4 for spontaneous pregnancies was associated with a lower cumulative pregnancy incidence compared to an EFI of 5–10 (52 versus 34 pregnancies respectively, Subdistribution Hazard Ratio (SHR) = 0.47; 95% CI [0.2; 1.1]; p = 0.08). An EFI of 0–4 was associated with a higher cumulative pregnancy rate for pregnancies obtained by artificial reproduction technology (ART), compared to an EFI of 5–10 (12 versus 6 pregnancies respectively, SHR = 1.9; CI95% [0.96; 3.8]; p = 0.06). Fecundability decreased from 12 months for EFI 0–4 and from 24 months for EFI 5–10.

Conclusion
Our analysis suggests that patients with an unfavorable EFI (≤4) have more ART pregnancies than patients with a favorable EFI (≥5) and should be referred for ART shortly after surgery. Patients with a favorable EFI may attempt spontaneous pregnancy for 24 months before referral.
Gastric Mucosal Immune Profiling and Dysregulation in Idiopathic Gastroparesis
Authors: Gottfried-Blackmore Andres , Namkoong Hong , Adler Emerald , Martin Brock , Gubatan John , Fernandez-Becker Nielsen , Clarke John O. , Idoyaga Juliana , Nguyen Linda , Habtezion Aida 
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION:
It is unclear how immune perturbations may influence the pathogenesis of idiopathic gastroparesis, a prevalent functional disorder of the stomach which lacks animal models. Several studies have noted altered immune characteristics in the deep gastric muscle layer associated with gastroparesis, but data are lacking for the mucosal layer, which is endoscopically accessible. We hypothesized that immune dysregulation is present in the gastroduodenal mucosa in idiopathic gastroparesis and that specific immune profiles are associated with gastroparesis clinical parameters.

METHODS:
In this cross-sectional prospective case-control study, routine endoscopic biopsies were used for comprehensive immune profiling by flow cytometry, multicytokine array, and gene expression in 3 segments of the stomach and the duodenal bulb. Associations of immune endpoints with clinical parameters of gastroparesis were also explored.

RESULTS:
The gastric mucosa displayed large regional variation of distinct immune profiles. Furthermore, several-fold increases in innate and adaptive immune cells were found in gastroparesis. Various immune cell types showed positive correlations with duration of disease, proton pump inhibitor dosing, and delayed gastric emptying.

DISCUSSION:
This initial observational study showed immune compartmentalization of the human stomach mucosa and significant immune dysregulation at the level of leukocyte infiltration in idiopathic gastroparesis patients that extends to the duodenum. Select immune cells, such as macrophages, may correlate with clinicopathological traits of gastroparesis. This work supports further mucosal studies to advance our understanding of gastroparesis pathophysiology.

JOURNAL/cltg/04.03/01720094-202105000-00012/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T172658Z/r/image-tiff
The sharp quantitative isocapacitary inequality (the case of p-capacity)
Authors: Mukoseeva Ekaterina 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We prove a sharp quantitative form of isocapacitary inequality
in the case of a general p. This work is a generalization
of the author’s paper with Guido De Philippis and Michele Marini,
where we treated the case of 2-capacity.
Within- and between-subject biological variation data for tumor markers based on the European Biological Variation Study
Authors: Coşkun Abdurrahman , Aarsand Aasne K. , Sandberg Sverre , Guerra Elena , Locatelli Massimo , Díaz-Garzón Jorge , Fernandez-Calle Pilar , Ceriotti Ferruccio , Jonker Niels , Bartlett William A. , Carobene Anna 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Reliable biological variation (BV) data are required for the clinical use of tumor markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment effects in cancer. The European Biological Variation Study (EuBIVAS) was established by the EFLM Biological Variation Working Group to deliver BV data for clinically important measurands. In this study, EuBIVAS-based BV estimates are provided for cancer antigen (CA) 125, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin-19 fragment, alpha‐fetoprotein and human epididymis protein 4.

Methods
Subjects from five European countries were enrolled in the study, and weekly samples were collected from 91 healthy individuals (53 females and 38 males; 21–69 years old) for 10 consecutive weeks. All samples were analyzed in duplicate within a single run. After excluding outliers and homogeneity analysis, the BVs of tumor markers were determined by CV-ANOVA on trend-corrected data, when relevant (Røraas method).

Results
Marked individuality was found for all tumor markers. CYFRA 21-1 was the measurand with the highest index of individuality (II) at 0.67, whereas CA 19-9 had the lowest II at 0.07. The CV
I
s of HE4, CYFRA 21-1, CA 19-9, CA 125 and CA 15-3 of pre- and postmenopausal females were significantly different from each other.

Conclusions
This study provides updated BV estimates for several tumor markers, and the findings indicate that marked individuality is characteristic. The use of reference change values should be considered when monitoring treatment of patients by means of tumor markers.
Local existence and uniqueness of skew mean curvature flow
Authors: Song Chong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Skew Mean Curvature Flow (SMCF) is a Schrödinger-type geometric flow canonically defined on a co-dimension two submanifold, which generalizes the famous vortex filament equation in fluid dynamics. In this paper, we prove the local existence and uniqueness of general-dimensional SMCF in Euclidean spaces.
Fetal MRI assessment of head & neck vascular malformation in predicting outcome of EXIT-to-airway procedure
Authors: Baseri Huddin Azzam , Abu Hassan Hasyma , Mohd Jamil Amilia Afzan , Mohd Nor Khadijah , Velayudham Vairavan@Ramesh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this clinical case report is to highlight the MRI features and staging system which may guide clinicians in determining further management.

Case presentation
Three different cases with fetal head and neck vascular malformation diagnosed during prenatal screening were presented. MRI demonstrates large cystic neck masses which may compromise fetal airway during delivery. Thus, this required multidisciplinary team management among obstetricians, otolaryngologists, pediatricians, anesthesiologists, and radiologists. A decision for complex birth delivery through the cesarean section aided with EXIT-to-airway procedure was made. Each of these procedures demonstrates the different challenges and outcomes of the neonates which correlated with the characterization and staging based on prenatal MRI.

Conclusions
EXIT-to-airway procedure in head and neck malformation may be beneficial in transiting complicated and potentially catastrophic delivery situations to a more controlled environment. However, it also needs to align with prenatal MRI evaluation, which provides a more objective assessment guide for the clinicians.
Apelin-13 protects human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against amyloid-beta induced neurotoxicity: Involvement of anti oxidant and anti apoptotic properties
Authors: Samandari-Bahraseman Mohammad Rasoul , Elyasi Leila 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
We investigated the effect of apelin-13 on the cellular model of AD, amyloid-β (Aβ) treated SH-SY5Y cells in rats.

Methods
The SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with different doses of apelin-13 (1, 2.5, 5, and 10 μg/mL), half an hour before adding 50% Aβ treatment. After 24 h, cells were evaluated for survival, oxidative stress, mitochondrial calcium release, caspase-3, and cytochrome c levels, compared to control group (beta-actin). Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 16.

Results
Apelin-13 at the dose of 2.5 μg/mL protected against IC50 Aβ (p<0.001). Apelin-13 at doses of 1, 2.5, and 5 μg/mL showed protective effects against the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by Aβ (p<0.001). Apelin-13 at doses of 2.5 and 5 μg/mL reduced calcium release, caspase-3, and cytochrome c (all p<0.001).

Conclusions
Apelin-13 prevented apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial toxicity and can be a suitable option for treatment of AD. The appropriate treatment strategy for humans has to be investigated in future studies.
Ameliorating activity of polyphenolic-rich extracts of Basella rubra L. leaves on pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Ajiboye Basiru Olaitan , Diayi Amaka , Agunbiade Shedrach Oludare , Akinyemi Ayodele Jacob , Adewale Olusola Bolaji , Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the ameliorative activity of polyphenolic-rich extracts of Basella rubra leaves on β-cell dysfunction in type-II diabetes (T2DM).

Methods
Total phenolic and flavonoid contents; α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory actions and qualitative analysis of the bioactive compounds of the polyphenolic-rich extract of B. rubra leaves were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight) and the rats were orally given bound phenolic (BPE) and free phenolic extracts (FPE) of B. rubra (B.R) leaves at 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w once daily for 14 days. Biochemical analyses were executed for evaluation of serum insulin, serum lipid profile concentrations, liver enzymes activities.

Results
The extracts demonstrated antioxidant potentials and enzymes inhibitory activities in dose dependent manner; and several bioactive compounds as revealed by GC-MS. BPE and FPE considerably (p<0.05) reduced hyperglycemia, improved serum insulin levels, ameliorated the concentration of serum lipid profiles and improved liver antioxidant activities. Additionally, BPE and FPE expressively decreased alanine aminotransferases (ALT), aspartate aminotransferases (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities along with levels of bilirubin and urea when compare to diabetic control rats.

Conclusions
Data acquired exhibited the ability of BPE and FPE to improve pancreatic beta-cell in streptozotocin-induced rats.
Profinite genus of the fundamental groups of compact flat manifolds with holonomy group of prime order
Authors: Nery Genildo de Jesus 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this article, we calculate the profinite genus of the fundamental group of an 𝑛-dimensional compact flat manifold 𝑋 with holonomy group of prime order.
As consequence, we prove that if

n
⩽
21

n\leqslant 21

, then 𝑋 is determined among all 𝑛-dimensional compact flat manifolds by the profinite completion of its fundamental group.
Furthermore, we characterize the isomorphism class of the profinite completion of the fundamental group of 𝑋 in terms of the representation genus of its holonomy group.
Performance of a free space optical link employing DCO-OFDM modulated Gaussian-beam
Authors: Ratnam Jayashree , Mali Sabita 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The paper studies the performance of a free space optical communication link, which consists of a Gaussian Laser beam employing direct-current-biased optical frequency division multiplexing (DCO-OFDM) modulation, to carry information. While optical multi-carrier modulation is capable of alleviating multi-path fading, higher transmit power by virtue of dc-bias, helps the optical beam in partially off-setting signal intensity loss due to beam divergence in free space channel. In order to reduce the overall transmitted power apart from avoiding nonlinearities due to high peak-to-average-power-ratio (PAPR), we utilize a PAPR-dependent dc-bias, to generate a DCO OFDM light beam from a pre-clipped electrical baseband OFDM signal. The radiated optical beam encounters turbulence-induced impairments like beam-spreading, beam-wander, etc., which affect the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received data symbols. Further signal pre-clipping and optical source linearity generate clipping noise components resulting in compromised receiver performance or reduction of span length, to achieve target bit rate error (BER). In this paper, we derive an analytical model for evaluating the performance of the free-space optical (FSO) link, by modeling various impairments as noise variances and characterizing atmospheric turbulence by refractive index structure parameter under weak- and strong-turbulent conditions. Numerical results are obtained by varying system design parameters in the model, which graphically provide useful insight on the power penalties and various trade-offs involved in operating the link on a longer span, at a higher data rate, and with reduced transmitted power through pre-clipping while ensuring desired signal BER.