bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nutritional feed gap: Seasonal variations in ruminant nutrition and knowledge gaps in relation to food security in Southern Africa
Authors: Cooke Andrew S. , Machekano Honest , Gwiriri Lovemore C. , Tinsley Jonathan H. I. , Silva Gleise M. , Nyamukondiwa Casper , Safalaoh Andrew , Morgan Eric R. , Lee Michael R. F. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Livestock production is critical to food security and rural livelihoods across Southern Africa. Despite progress in livestock science research in recent years, the seasonal availability and quality of feed remains one of the key challenges to livestock productivity in Southern Africa. In particular, dry weather conditions, the lack of rain and lower temperatures in the dry season cause herbaceous plants to die back and browse species to defoliate, limiting the abundance, quality, and variety of feed available. This creates a ‘Nutritional Feed Gap’, defined here as the combined effect of the sharp reduction in both forage quantity and quality from the wet to the dry season and the risk that it poses to ruminant production systems and the food security of the people and communities reliant on them. Understanding the nature and extent of how seasonality impacts ruminant production potential can thus contribute towards mitigating negative impacts of extreme weather and climate change on food systems. In this review, we characterise this nutritional feed gap in terms of forage abundance and nutrition as well as discussing how climate change may shape the future nutritional landscape. Whilst some forage nutrient concentrations varied little by season, crude protein and phosphorus were consistently found to decrease from the wet season to the dry season. We also identify a shortfall in primary research that assess both forage quality and quantity simultaneously, which forms part of a broader knowledge gap of our limited understanding of the impact of limiting factors to ruminant production on short and long-term food security across Southern Africa.
Are Probiotics Beneficial or Harmful for Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes?
Authors: Lee Tae Seung 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPancreatic cancer is influenced by interactions between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Specifically, CD8 + T cells impact prognosis by eliminating cancer cells. Recent studies have revealed that microbiomes are present in pancreatic tissues and may affect tumor growth and immune responses. Additionally, recent studies revealed that the abundance of Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Peptoniphilus are associated with poor pancreatic cancer prognosis. This study investigates the role of oral probiotics in influencing pancreatic cancer outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed patients aged ≥ 18 years with pathologically confirmed pancreatic cancer from Seoul National University Hospital between January 2011 and January 2023. We investigated progression-free survival and overall survival between the control group and the probiotics group. Among pancreatic cancer patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy without radiotherapy and resection, there was a significant difference in overall survival (OS) when comparing the control group to the probiotics group (median: 10 months (9–11) vs. 12 months (9–19), p = 0.026). Regardless of the type of probiotics, oral probiotics may have a positive impact, but further research is still needed to understand the underlying immunological mechanisms.
Identification of quantitative trait loci for in vitro plant regeneration from leaf microexplants in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Słomnicka Renata , Cieplak Magdalena , Antosiewicz Magda , Sadłos Alicja , Galczak Aleksandra , Kaźmińska Karolina , Bartoszewski Grzegorz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPlant regeneration in tissue cultures is crucial for the application of biotechnological methods to plant breeding. However, the genetic basis of in vitro plant regeneration is not fully understood. For cucumber, regeneration protocols from different types of explants have been reported, but thus far, the molecular basis of regeneration from cotyledon explants has only been studied. The aim of this work was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for in vitro plant regeneration from cucumber leaf microexplants. Plant regeneration was evaluated using a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between line B10, characterized by high regeneration efficiency, and the low regeneration efficiency line Gy14. All RILs were scored for frequency of callus formation, organogenesis, and shoot regeneration. RILs with regeneration efficiencies higher than that of line B10 have been observed. QTLs for the frequency of organogenesis and shoot regeneration were identified. All the QTLs were mapped on cucumber chromosome 6, explaining 11.9 to 20% of the phenotypic variance. The major-effect QTL for organogenesis or6.1 was located on the upper arm of chromosome 6. The QTLs for shoot regeneration frequency, sr6.1A and sr6.1B, were located on the lower arm of chromosome 6. Analysis of the genomic region corresponding to these QTLs combined with gene expression profiling revealed that CsARF6 and CsWOX9 are gene candidates underlying these QTLs. This study is a step toward identifying the genes controlling the ability of cucumber plant regeneration from leaf explants.
An integrated framework for collaborative product design and assembly based on STEP compatible ontology model in cloud manufacturing
Authors: Zaringhalam SeyedehTina , Khalilzadeh Mohammad , Fatahi Valilai Omid 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNowadays, new product development processes are encountering fast design and development cycles. This issue has become one the main competition factors among industries. Accordingly, companies make drastic efforts to enhance the quality and speed in the realm of designing and manufacturing by taking novel approaches. Using the potential of new technologies, they design and develop products worldwide, and integrate stakeholders in the collaborative process to achieve this goal. This study has aimed at laying a foundation to fulfill the requirements for globalized collaborative product development processes. This creates an opportunity for both an integrated and collaborative environment. As first objective, the paper has proposed STEP Standard-based model in the form of a cloud service model to create an integrated data structure for product design data while giving flexibility for service-oriented access to integrated model. For second objective, using the Ontology interoperability model, the collaborative design among the stakeholders has been enabled through smart interference control. This control interprets the data semantic to an ontology structure and detects the potential conflicts. The model supports two levels of parts in singular and collective form and based on the assembly scheme for collaborative design and development. Different facets of the proposed model are addressed to fulfill the necessity of real-time distributed collaboration in designing and assembling via a case study.
Investigating the psammophilic karyorelictean ciliate families Kentrophoridae and Cryptopharyngidae (Protista, Ciliophora): molecular phylogeny, geographic distributions and a brief revision including descriptions of a new genus, a new species and a new combination
Authors: Ma Mingzhen , Tang Danxu , Song Wen , Li Lifang , Dovgal Igor V. , Al-Rasheid Khaled A. S. , Hines Hunter N. , Yan Ying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Psammophillic ciliates are an integral part of the foodweb despite being underrepresented in terms of molecular phylogeny and modern taxonomy. To investigate the karyorelictean group, sampling was conducted in interstitial marine habitats in China for ciliates living between the sand grains, resulting in an examination of the families Cryptopharyngidae Jankowski, 1980 and Kentrophoridae Jankowski, 1980. Three species, i.e., Cryptopharynx setigerus Kahl, 1928, Kentrophoros fasciolatus (Sauerbrey, 1928) Foissner, 1995 and K. fistulosus (Fauré-Fremiet, 1950) Foissner, 1995, are clearly recognized as being cosmopolitan, while other species await further recording. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out based on updated data. These revealed that the families Cryptopharyngidae and Kentrophoridae are closely related, and most genera studied are monophyletic, although Cryptopharynx qingdaoensis n. sp. is located within the Kentrophoridae branch. Brief revisions of two genera, namely Cryptopharynx Kahl, 1928 and Kentrophoros Sauerbrey, 1928, are provided including keys to the identification of nine species belonging to the former and 12 species belonging to the latter. One new genus, Parakentrophoros n. gen., and one new species, Cryptopharynx qingdaoensis n. sp., are described and a new combination, Parakentrophoros canalis (Wright, 1982) n. comb., is established. Finally, it appears that the subapical oral apparatus undergoes a gradual degeneration process from Cryptopharyngidae to Kentrophoridae.
Putting power in perspective: a systematic review of power dynamics in social-ecological traps
Authors: Lambert-Peck Miles , Echaubard Pierre , Saito Osamu , Nishi Maiko 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the use of power and politics in empirical literature on social-ecological traps. Social-ecological traps describe conditions where self-reinforcing interactions between social and ecological elements perpetuate a system in an unfavorable or undesirable state. Researchers across disciplines have theorized the nature and composition of social-ecological traps. In this connection, critical viewpoints on resilience have recognized a growing need to investigate political context, power relations, and the unequal distribution of risks and benefits contributing to the capacity of communities to manage changing conditions. However, it remains unclear to what extent empirical studies support any theorized way of power and politics influencing trap dynamics. This paper reviews power dynamics in the existing literature and offers insight into how power influences the emergence and persistence of social-ecological traps. Through a systematic literature review, we examined how the concept of power has been used, explicitly and implicitly, in empirical social-ecological trap research. The review identified 40 publications, focusing mainly on coastal ecosystems and cultivated areas within Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia. Our results suggest that power is still poorly understood from both a conceptual and operational perspective within the social-ecological trap literature. A few studies that do center power in their analyses demonstrate that despite limited attention, there are clear instances where power intersects with social-ecological system dynamics to perpetuate resilient, yet undesirable outcomes. We point to the absence of empirical studies that systematically analyze power relationships and dynamics and highlight the need for further research that bridges socio-political and ecological analyses.
Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of carbon emission reduction potential of the transportation industry in China
Authors: Yang Qing , Zheng Yandi , Fu Lingmei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractScientific estimation of China's transport carbon reduction potential (CERP) and exploration of its temporal and spatial characteristics and influencing factors are important bases for formulating emission reduction policies. Based on the dual perspective of equity and efficiency, we assess the CERP of the transportation industry in 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019 and analyze its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics using the Kernel density estimation method. Then, the Dagum Gini coefficient is used to measure the regional differences and sources of the CERP, and its influencing factors are analyzed with the help of the random effects panel Tobit regression model. The results show that: (1) from 2000 to 2019, the CERP of the transportation industry in China and the three regions show an oscillating upward trend, with a spatial pattern of "high in the west and low in the east". (2) The overall difference in the CERP of the transportation industry shows a fluctuating downward trend, and the difference in hypervariable density has the highest contribution rate. The inter-regional differences between the West and other regions are the largest, and the intra-regional difference pattern shows the pattern of western > central > east. (3) The technological improvement, industrial structure, and scale of transportation industry development have a significant positive impact on the CERP of the transportation industry. The influence of urbanization influence and environmental regulation have a significant negative influence.
Uncovering latent profiles of political news consumers and their associations with political views and their extremity
Authors: Sindermann Cornelia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn today's high-choice media environment, the relations between news consumption and (extreme) political views receive extensive attention. While social media and news aggregators are often blamed for political polarization, theories from media psychology highlight the importance of additional aspects of news consumption, aside from the media types used, in impacting the formation of political views and thereby, for instance, polarization. However, these aspects are typically studied in isolation, neglecting the heterogeneity in where and how news can be consumed. Based on this observation, the present work investigated the conjoint relations of various aspects of news consumption across media types with political views and their extremity. Study 1 included two samples of N = 714 (sample 1) and N = 721 (sample 2) participants completing an online survey assessing political news consumption habits and general political views, namely, ideology and affective polarization. Study 2 included two samples of N = 725 (sample 3) and N = 713 (sample 4) participants completing scales on issue-specific political views, namely, attitudes on war and the war against Ukraine. Latent Profile Analyses revealed four mostly media type-specific news consumer profiles replicated across samples, indicating that individuals choose one media type, like social media, aggregators, or print media, and devote considerable time to consuming political news from various sources, including attitude-incongruent news and diverse perspectives, from the same selected media type. While these profiles differed on sociodemographic and personality variables, few significant relations were found between these profiles and political views. These findings highlight the complexity of these relations and challenge the assumption that only certain media types, and news consumption via them, drive political extremity.
Competitive funding and academic-industry collaboration: policy trends and insights
Authors: Behfar Stefan Kambiz , Shekhtman Louis , Crowcroft Jon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In an era of globalized research endeavors, the interplay between government funding programs, funding decisions, and their influence on successful research collaborations and grant application success rates has emerged as a critical focus of inquiry. This study embarks on an in-depth analysis of cross-country funding dynamics over the past three decades, with a specific emphasis on support for academic-industry collaboration versus sole academic or industry funding. Drawing insights from comprehensive datasets and policy trends, our research illuminates the evolving landscape of research funding and collaboration policies. We examine funding by Innosuisse (Swiss Innovation Project Funding) and SBIR (US Small Business Innovation Research), exploring the rates of future grant success for both academic and industry partners. We find strong evidence of rich-get-richer phenomenon in the Innosuisse program for both academic partners and industry partners in terms of winning future grants. For SBIR we find weaker levels of continued funding to the same partners with most attaining at most a few grants. With the increasing prevalence of academic-industry collaborations among both funders, it is worth considering additional efforts to ensure that novel ideas and new individuals and teams are supported.
Earl Thorfinn of Orkney and the forgotten battle of 1058
Authors: Licence Tom 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Verses by Arnórr ‘jarls’-poet’, preserved in Orkneyinga saga, describe a battle in which Earl Thorfinn of Orkney fought the English south of the Isle of Man. The thirteenth-century saga-author associated these verses with a campaign supposedly fought in the 1030s or 1040s, but this account is doubtful. Turning to the Norwegian expedition of 1058, this article considers whether the verses might originally have referred to that campaign and later become linked with a different story. New readings of the key stanzas are proposed, and a new sequence, with consequences impacting on the chronology and circumstances of Thorfinn’s life and death. There are ramifications for discussions touching the saga tradition, Arnórr’s career, Malcolm (Máel Coluim) III Canmore’s career, and his marriage to Ingibjorg.
A Ramsey Witness to Aimo’s Life of Abbo of Fleury (BHL 3–4)
Authors: Miller James Drysdale 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The significance of Abbo of Fleury’s time in England to the intellectual life of tenth- and eleventh-century Ramsey is widely appreciated. Less well understood is what English monks knew of Fleury’s claims of Abbo’s sanctity. The present article explores knowledge of Abbo’s cult in England through a close study of Oxford, Bodleian MS Lat. misc. c. 75, a twelfth-century witness to Aimo’s Vita et miracula s. Abbonis of which the Life’s editors were unaware. The manuscript is introduced, its textual relationship to the Vita’s other witnesses is examined and a stemma for the Vita’s textual transmission is proposed. Textual interpolations made at Ramsey are then analysed for the additional information which they provide about Abbo’s legacy there before a possible context for the Vita’s transmission to Ramsey is proposed. An appendix of variants between the Ramsey witness and the Vita’s printed edition is also provided.
Protecting the climate through EU supply chain legislation? Two critiques and a compromise
Authors: Buser Andreas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractClimate change law faces a serious implementation problem. New instruments promoted by states from the Global North to address the implementation gap come from the sphere of trade and supply chain regulation. This article focuses on corporate climate due diligence legislation and its potential contribution to fulfilling the objectives outlined in the Paris Agreement. By examining the EU’s legislative process towards adopting a Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD), it explores various approaches to regulating the climate impacts of corporations, including along global supply chains. The article critiques both the ultimately adopted climate transition planning requirement and the European Parliament’s alternative proposal, which aimed to incorporate climate mitigation into the general due diligence framework of the Directive but was unsuccessful. It applies two overarching critiques, termed ‘not enough’ and ‘regulatory imperialism’, to the specific context of corporate climate due diligence. Although these critiques may initially appear contradictory, the article endeavours to reconcile them through a compromise approach that fosters greater participation, integrates measures to mitigate impacts on self-determination, and specifies the obligations imposed on corporations regarding climate mitigation. Finally, the article discusses the idea of a decentralised enforcement regime and highlights the importance of regulation in states of the Global South to achieve a truly planetary legal order on corporate climate accountability.
Towards the Institutions of Freedom: The European Public Discourse in the Digital Era
Authors: Caruso Corrado 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The digital revolution has transformed the dissemination of messages and the construction of public debate. This article examines the disintermediation and fragmentation of the public sphere by digital platforms. Disinformation campaigns, that aim at assuming the power of determining a truth alternative to reality, highlight the need to enhance the traditional view of freedom of expression as negative freedom with an institutional perspective. The paper argues that freedom of expression should be seen as an institution of freedom, an organizational space leading to a normative theory of public discourse. This theory legitimizes democratic systems and requires proactive regulation to enforce its values.
Viewing freedom of expression as an institution changes the role of public power: this should not be limited to abstention but instead has a positive obligation to regulate the spaces where communicative interactions occur. The article discusses how this regulatory need led to the European adoption of the Digital Services Act (DSA) to correct DPs through procedural constraints. Despite some criticisms, the DSA establishes a foundation for a transnational European public discourse aligned with the Charter of Fundamental Rights and member states’ constitutional traditions.
Invasive Eelgrass Hybrid, Vallisneria × pseudorosulata in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Gebhart Maxwell G. , Schmid Samuel A. , Turner Stephen , Webb David , Thum Ryan , Beets Jens , Turnage Gray 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Vallisneria × pseudorosulata S.Fujii & M.Maki is an invasive aquatic weed that has recently become a major issue within the southeast U.S. V. × pseudorosulata is a hybrid between two non-native eelgrass species (Vallisneria spiralis L. and Vallisneria denseserrulata Makino) and has rapidly overtaken waterbodies in Tennessee, Alabama, and Florida. This hybrid can reproduce rapidly through offshoot formation and floating propagules capable of drifting large distances before establishing. Vallisneria × pseudorosulata has been previously found in Japan and is thought to have been introduced in the U.S. by the aquarium trade or dumping.
Can Chatbots Be Authentic?
Authors: Ward Megan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
With recent leaps in large language model technology, conversational AI offer increasingly sophisticated interactions. But is it fair to say that they can offer authentic relationships, perhaps even assuage the loneliness epidemic? In answering this question, this essay traces the history of AI authenticity, historically shaped by cultural imaginations of intelligent machines and human communication. The illusion of human-like interaction with AI has existed since at least the 1960s, when the term “Eliza effect’ was named after the first chatbot Eliza. Termed a “crisis of authenticity” by sociologist Sherry Turkle, the Eliza effect has stood for fears that AI interactions can undermine real human connections and leave users vulnerable to manipulation. More recently, however, researchers have begun investigating less anthropomorphic definitions of authenticity. The expectation - and perhaps fantasy - of authenticity stems, in turn, from a much longer history of technologically mediated communications, dating back to the invention of the telegraph in the nineteenth century. Read through this history, the essay concludes that AI relationships might not mimic human interactions but must instead acknowledge the artifice of AI, offering a new form of companionship in our mediated, often lonely, times.