bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endocuff-Assisted Colonoscopy Does Not increase the Sessile Serrated Lesion Detection Rate – A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ferreira Alexandre Oliveira , Costa-Santos Maria Pia , Palmela Carolina , Glória Luisa , Cravo Marília , Canena Jorge , Dinis-Ribeiro Mario 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Colonoscopy has been shown to decrease the incidence of CRC by facilitating the detection and resection of adenomas and serrated lesions. Endocuff vision (EV) has been shown to increase the detection of adenomas. The aim of this study was to compare the detection of sessile serrated lesions during colonoscopy with and without EV.MethodsA total of 257 patients who underwent elective colonoscopy were prospectively enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups according to the use of EV (standard colonoscopy vs. colonoscopy with EV). We compared the rates of detection of serrated lesions (including hyperplastic lesions ≥ 10 mm) and adenomas.ResultsThe number of serrated lesions per colonoscopy was not significantly higher in the EV group (0.233 vs 0.156, mean difference 0.076, p = 0.381). None of the secondary endpoints regarding the detection rate of adenomas (65.9% vs 66.4%; OR 0.977, 95% CI 0.583–1.638; p = 0.931) or sessile serrated lesions (12.4% vs 7.8%; OR 1.671; 95% CI 0.728–3.836; p = 0.226) were superior in the EV group. The differences were not significantly altered after adjusting for either the Boston Bowel Preparation Score (BBPS) or withdrawal time.ConclusionEV did not increase the rate of detection of serrated lesions or adenomas.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03856957. Registered 27 February 2019 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03856957
Antimicrobial activity, antioxidant capacity and attempt to identify Flavonoids Analyses of Crocus sativus leaves and petals by ultra-performance LC-DAD-MS.
Authors: mohamed Jadouali si 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Saffron leaves and petals are the main by-products of saffron processing which is producing in large amounts annually. The aim of this work is to identified polyphenols in leaves and petals from Saffron. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection (UPLC-DAD) and ion trap mass spectrometry with either electrospray ionization (ESI-MS). Crude extracts from leaf and petal of Crocus sativus were screened for their in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. A significant content of polyphenols, essentially glycosides of kaempferol, quercetin, Isorhamnetin, Malvidin have identified in petals and leaves of Crocus sativus. The leaf extract revealed higher activity (IC50= 190,43 μg ml-1) for DPPH inhibition in comparison with the petals ethanolic extract (IC50= 504.26 μg ml-1). The leaf extracts gave higher antioxidant capacity (1,090 nm) measured with the FRAP assay. Our tested extracts petals displayed a strong antimicrobial activity with MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) values as equal as 6,25 µg/µl against Aspergillus niger and Escherichia coli. The quantitative analysis data obtained thus far have shown that Crocus sativus leaves and petals are a rich source of flavonoids. The results were showed that the by-products of C. sativus can be exploited to create a different conception of C. sativus L. The identified compounds arouse growing interest in their antioxidant and biological activity as a food supplement, in functional foods, beverages, pharmaceutical preparations, and cosmetic formulations. Farmers and local scientists may no longer view C. sativus flowers as waste but as an important resource for health-enhancing products.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism at Extreme High Altitude: A Study of 7 Cases
Authors: Wu Jialin , Han Xiaobo , Ke Haiwen , Wang Li , Wang Kun , Zhang Jianli , Tang Jun , Yan Wei , Wang Guangjun , Jiang Peng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: The high incidence of venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) in plateau area has aroused widespread concern. Through the collection and analysis of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) cases in extreme high altitude, to explore the epidemiological characteristics and possible risk factors of PTE in extreme plateau region.Methods: Seven cases of pulmonary thromboembolism occurring in extreme plateau region were prospectively collected in a high altitude hospital at 3800 m from May to November 2020. All patients were serving at 5000 m above sea level, and diagnosed with PTE by using computed tomography pulmonary angigraphy (CTPA).Results: Seven patients with an average age of 24±3.6 yr, the mean altitude is 5200±200 m at the onset of symptoms. And the time of them stay at high altitude between 8-210 days (99.29±77.31). Cough, expectoration, chest tightness, fever, short of breath, chest pain were the commonest symptom. 6 of 7 patients were initially diagnosed with pulmonary inflammation and 4 with HAPE by CT or X-ray. Most patients had an increase in inflammatory cells and all of them showed a high level of D-dimer in initial hematologic test during the course of the disease. Conclusions: Pulmonary thromboembolism has a high incidence in plateau areas and shows a younger age trend. Prodromal infection and high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) were the potential risk factors for its occurrence.
The investigation of bacterial adhesion of palatine tonsils epithelial cells in patient with infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Nadraga Aleksandr , Lutsyk Aleksandr , Klymenko Khrystyna , Khomyn Olena 
Published: May 2021

Aim. To evaluate the features of pharynx tonsils mucous membrane colonization by pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms by using the pharynx palatine tonsils epithelium electron microscopic examination of the patients with infectious mononucleosis and acute streptococcal tonsillitis.
Materials and methods. Two patients – patient P., 12 years old with a confirmed diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis and patient A., 8 years old with confirmed acute streptococcal tonsillitis. The patients were taken a bacteriological examination of the mucus and epithelium scraping from the surface of the pharyngeal tonsils. Tissue samples were examined in the electron microscopy laboratory of the Lviv National University.
Results and discussion. 36 tonsils epithelial tissue micro preparations of patient A. and 41 micro preparations of patient P. were studied. Streptococcus pyogenes, Str. pneumoniae, Str. viridans, Сandida albicans, as well as non-pathogenic bacteria: Diphtheroides sp., Neisseria sp., Corynebacterium spp. were identified as result of the patient P. bacteriological examination of mucus from the surface of the pharyngeal tonsils. Staph. aureus, Str. viridans, Str. pneumoniae were identified during a bacteriological examination of patient A. Eosinophils with a two-segmented nucleus, specific granularity, phagocytosed spherical bacteria in the cytoplasm were detected during the histological examination of the materials taken from the surface of the patient’s tonsils with acute tonsillitis. Research showed that bacteria were accumulated not only in the structure of extracellular detritus. Numerous bacteria accumulations were also found in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells in the patient with infectious mononucleosis. The cell's shape looked like a bunch of grapes.
Conclusions. The electron microscopic examination showed differences in the coccal flora localization: the extracellular localization of bacteria in the patient with acute bacterial tonsillitis and intraepithelial presence of the bacteria in the patient with tonsillitis during infectious mononucleosis were found.
Fatal hemolytic transfusion reaction due to anti-Ku in a Knull patient
Authors: Lin M. , Wang C.L. , Chen F.S. , Ho L.H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A fatal transfusion reaction due to anti-Ku in a Knull (Ko) patient is reported. The patient was transfused with 34 units of incompatible RBCs during 44 days of hospitalization. Apart from the first transfusion, all subsequent transfusions failed to raise the patient’s Hb.No serum antibody was identified until he was transferred to another hospital for dialysis. A compatibility test demonstrated a weak antibody and autocontrol reacting at room temperature by a manual polybrene method. The antibody was considered to be a “cold agglutinin.” A blood sample was sent to a reference laboratory where the patient was found to be Knull and the antibody was identified as anti-Ku.
Immunohematology 2003;19:19–21.
DNA analysis for donor screening of Dombrock blood group antigens
Authors: Storry J.R. , Westhoff C.M. , Charles-Pierre D. , Rios M. , Hue-Roye K. , Vege S. , Nance S. , Reid M.E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to the scarcity of reliable antibodies, RBC typing for Doa and Dob is notoriously difficult. Inaccurate typing can place patients at risk for hemolytic transfusion reactions. The molecular basis of the DOA/DOB polymorphism is associated with three nucleotide changes: 378C>T, 624 T>C,and 793 A>G of DO. While the 378 C>T and 624 T>C are silent mutations, the 793A>G polymorphism in codon 265 encodes asparagine for Doa and aspartic acid for Dob. We describe here the use of a PCR-RFLP assay as an alternative to traditional hemagglutination for typing donor blood for Dombrock. Primers were designed to amplify the region of DO containing the 793A>G polymorphism. DNA samples from blood donors were amplified and subjected to RFLP analysis. A total of 613 samples were tested for the Dombrock polymorphism (793 A>G) by PCR-RFLP. PCR-RFLP can be used to screen for Do(a–) or Do(b–) donors. This approach overcomes the scarcity of the reagents required for testing by hemagglutination.
Murine monoclonal antibodies can be used to type RBCs with a positive DAT
Authors: Halverson G.R. , Howard P. , Malyska H. , Tossas E. , Reid M.E. 
Published: May 2021

Keywords
RBCs with a positive DAT due to IgG coating require the use of directly agglutinating reagents or treatment with chemicals to remove sufficient IgG to permit typing of the RBCs with antisera that require use of the IAT. In this study we demonstrate that murine IgG MoAbs to human RBC antigens can be used as an alternative if the anti-mouse IgG is neutralized or affinity purified to prevent cross-reaction with cell-bound IgG. We performed DATs on RBC samples coated with IgG in vivo and in vitro, comparing two anti-human IgG reagents (Organon Teknika, Durham, NC, and Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Raritan, NJ) with two affinity-purified anti-mouse IgG reagents (The Binding Site, San Diego, CA, and Sigma, St. Louis, MO), and one non-purified anti-mouse IgG reagent. The affinity-purified anti-mouse IgG reagents were nonreactive with the four in vitro sensitized RBC samples and were nonreactive with 8 of 11 in vivo sensitized RBC samples. Non-purified antimouse IgG and both anti-human IgG reagents reacted with every sample. Use of murine MoAbs to antigen type RBCs coated with human IgG is reliable only when the anti-mouse IgG reagents have been affinity purified or neutralized to prevent cross-reactivity. Our results also show the importance of including a saline/RBC control as well as an anti-mouse IgG/RBC control. Murine MoAbs are valuable reagents and we have applied them successfully in typing patients’ RBCs that have a positive DAT.
Loss of enzyme-sensitive antigens due to the presence of leukocytes, neomycin sulfate, and LISS
Authors: Velliquette R.W. , Howard P. , Malyska H. , Reid M.E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that RBCs with residual WBCs stored in LISS and neomycin sulfate develop characteristics associated with enzyme-treated RBCs. During a mass screening program to antigen type donor RBCs, we observed that the Fya antigens on a RBC sample from an in-house panel became non-detectable with anti-Fya after incubation overnight in Diluent 2 from Micro Typing Systems, Inc. (MTS, Pompano Beach, FL). In response to this observation, we initiated an investigation to determine the cause. Tests were performed according to the manfacturer’s instructions in MTS neutral gel cards or gel cards containing anti-IgG. We found that a reduction or loss of the Fya, Fyb, and M antigens occurs when RBCs were prepared from samples containing residual WBCs (as a source of enzymes) and subsequently incubated in media containing neomycin sulfate and LISS. We showed that the effect did not occur in the absence of neomycin sulfate. RBC antigens can be altered in LISS if they have first been exposed to neomycin. We recommend restricting the use of RBCs suspended in MTS Diluent 2 to the day of dilution (as indicated in the package insert) if preparing reagent RBCs from sources that were not leukoreduced and were stored in the presence of neomycin.
A review of the Knops blood group: separating fact from fallacy
Authors: Moulds J.M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It has been more than 10 years since the topic of “high-titer, low-avidity” (HTLA) antibodies was reviewed in Immunohematology. We have learned a lot about these antibodies in the past 10 years and that knowledge has helped us to understand some of the unusual characteristics of these antibodies. Furthermore, it has helped us to name and delineate the various associated blood group systems. Although we will begin with a general review of HTLAs, this manuscript will focus on the recent findings in the Knops blood group system.
Immunohematology 2002;18:1–8.
Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia with mimicking anti-c and -E specificities
Authors: Hsieh H.-Y. , Moroney D. , Naumann D. , Hata J. , Vosnidou N. , Kessinger R. , Shahab N. , Hakami N. , Smith D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An 18-month-old male was admitted to a hospital with a hemoglobin of 4.1 g/dL and a reticulocyte count of 53 percent. There was no history of prior transfusion. Serologic evaluation revealed the presence of both a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and an indirect antiglobulin test (IAT). The patient’s red blood cells (RBCs) typed as group A, C–D–E–c+e+ (cde/cde). Evaluation of the IAT revealed the presence of anti-c and anti-E. All other major antibodies were ruled out. Upon adsorption of the patient’s serum with ficin-treated Cde/Cde RBCs, both antibody specificities were adsorbed; however, the antibodies were not adsorbed with native (untreated) Cde/Cde RBCs. Furthermore, the autoantibody was not adsorbed by Rhnull cells, thereby suggesting Rh specificity. The serum was incompatible with cde/cde RBCs and compatible with Cde/Cde RBCs. The patient was successfully transfused with Cde/Cde RBCs followed by resolution of his anemia, as evidenced by an increased and stable hemoglobin. It was concluded that the autoantibody had mimicking anti-c and -E specificities. This is a report of an unusual case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia because the Rh autoantibody appeared to have dual mimicking specificities, and the patient’s RBCs were antigen negative for one of the antibody specificities, i.e., anti-E.
Immunohematology 2002;18:19–22.
Moderate hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) due to anti-Rh17 produced by a black female with an e variant phenotype
Authors: Brumit M.C. , Carnahan G.E. , Stubbs J.R. , Storry J.R. , Reid M.E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Rh blood group antigen e is of high incidence and has many epitopes. Partial expression may occur, more commonly in black persons. Individuals with e variant phenotypes can make antibodies to epitopes they lack. While some of these antibodies may be specific for an antigen, e.g., hrB, others, like anti-Rh17 (anti-Hro), show broader specificity, compatible only with D–– and Rhnull red blood cells (RBCs). Anti-Rh17 in persons of the D–– phenotype has been reported to cause mild to fatal HDN. We report an example of anti-Rh17 produced by a black female with an e variant RBC phenotype that caused moderate HDN. A panel of seven monoclonal anti-e demonstrated her RBCs carried a variant e antigen, and her genotype was RHD, RHce by PCR-RFLP analysis. Amniotic fluid with ΔOD450 values from 30 to 35 weeks’ gestation predicted moderate HDN probability by the Liley method. At 38+ weeks, a viable 3165 g female infant was delivered. The infant’s direct antiglobulin test was 2+ with anti-IgG. Total bilirubin rose to 14.2 mg/dL within 48 hours. Indirect bilirubin peaked at 14.7 mg/dL. The bilirubin responded to triple phototherapy. The infant was discharged on day 6. Potential for infant morbidity due to anti-Rh17-mediated HDN and the importance of specifying risks to women with this antibody if they contemplate pregnancy are discussed.
Immunohematology 2002:18:40–42.
Significance of platelet-reactive antibody screening for patients facing frequent platelet transfusions
Authors: Tasaki T. , Fujii K. , Gotoh K. , Satoh S. , Takadate J. , Sasaki S. , Tachibana M. , Yamamoto K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It is not clear whether platelet-reactive antibody screening is clinically significant for patients facing frequent platelet transfusions. On the basis of data from 96 patients who had been examined for platelet-reactive antibodies by the mixed passive hemagglutination method for a variety of reasons, we investigated the following three issues retrospectively: (1) the relationship between platelet-reactive antibodies and the occurrence of problems in platelet transfusions, such as refractoriness or nonhemolytic reactions;(2) the influence of a history of transfusion on the production of those antibodies; and (3) the effect of screening for those antibodies on the prompt administration of appropriate platelet components. More than half of the platelet transfusion-related problems were associated with platelet-reactive antibodies. For patients with a history of transfusion, the mean period before a clinical problem occurred with platelet transfusions was 9 days,compared with 66 days for those without such a history. Accordingly, during the period, patients with a history of transfusions received fewer units of platelets and had fewer donor exposures than did patients without such a history. On the other hand, most patients who had been screened in advance for those antibodies received appropriate platelet components without delay, whereas an average of 10 days was needed before those who had not been screened received compatible platelets. The patients who had not been screened were transfused with 68 units of random platelets on average during the period. When frequent platelet transfusions are anticipated, especially for patients with a history of transfusion, screening for platelet-reactive antibodies beforehand would be helpful for prompt administration of appropriate platelets, although problems, such as the cost of those platelets and the burden on donors, remain to be resolved.
Immunohematology 2002;18:104–108
Discrepancies in Rh(D) typing of sensitized red blood cells using monoclonal/polyclonal anti-D reagents: case report and review
Authors: Padget B.J. , Hannon J.L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Instructions included with monoclonal Rh(D) typing reagents do not require routine use of an Rh control as immunoglobulin-coated red blood cells (RBCs) rarely yield falsely positive results with low protein reagents. However, the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) Technical Manual recommends a concurrent control be performed on patients’ RBCs that type as group AB, D+. Proficiency testing surveys presented sensitized AB, D– RBCs, which resulted in a positive direct antiglobulin test and, in some samples, spontaneous agglutination in saline. One intent of the surveys was to monitor the accuracy of the reported Rh(D) type. On an initial survey, 19 of 115 (16.5%) participants reported the RBCs as D+. Of these laboratories, 63.2 percent (12/19) had used a monoclonal/ polyclonal blend anti-D reagent. On a subsequent survey, after educational material had been distributed, only five of 113 (4.4%) participants reported the Rh type as D+. Two of these five laboratories had used a monoclonal/polyclonal blend anti-D reagent. As RBCs coated with immunoglobulin may give unreliable results with Rh typing reagents, laboratories should follow the guidelines of the AABB Technical Manual. An appropriate control should be performed whenever RBCs from patients type as AB, D+.
Immunohematology 2001;17:10–13.
Intravenous Rh immune globulin prevents alloimmunization in D– granulocyte recipients but obscures the detection of an alloanti-K
Authors: Stroncek D.F. , Procter J. L. , Moses L. , Bolan C. , Pomper G.J. , Conroy-Cantilena C. , Malech H.L. , Klein H.G. , Leitman S.F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rh immune globulin (RhIG) has been used to prevent alloimmunization in D– recipients of apheresis platelet transfusions from D+ donors that may contain up to 5 mL of D+ red blood cells (RBCs). Granulocyte concentrates contain approximately 30 mL of RBCs and it has been necessary to give D– recipients granulocyte transfusions from D+ donors. Intravenous RhIG has not yet been demonstrated to be effective in preventing D alloimmunization with granulocyte transfusions. Four D– recipients received multiple D+ granulocyte transfusions from D+ donors and multiple injections of intravenous RhIG at a standard dose of 600 μg for each D+ transfusion. Two D– males with chronic granulomatous disease were given 32 and 13 daily granulocyte transfusions, 18 and 2 of which, respectively, were D+. After the first dose of intravenous RhIG, both patients exhibited circulating anti-D that was undetectable 3 to 4 years later. Two patients with severe aplastic anemia were given 5 and 14 granulocyte transfusions, 4 and 7 of which, respectively, were D+. Both patients died before the effectiveness of RhIG could be assessed. In one of these patients the indirect and direct antiglobulin tests became positive after the first dose of intravenous RhIG, which required that subsequent granulocyte transfusions from D+ donors be crossmatched by immediate spin (IS) testing only. A delayed hemolytic reaction attributed to alloanti-K occurred after granulocytes from a K+ donor were given to this patient. These results suggest that intravenous RhIG can be used to prevent alloimmunization to D in D– patients receiving large quantities of RBCs from D+ granulocyte transfusions. However, anti-D and other passive antibodies from RhIG prohibit the use of the antiglobulin crossmatch with antigenpositive granulocyte donor samples. It may be important to frequently collect new samples to screen for newly formed alloantibodies when IS crossmatches are used in place of the antiglobulin crossmatch. Immunohematology

2001; 17:37–41.
Rapid genotyping of the major alleles at the Duffy (FY) blood group locus using real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction
Authors: AraÚjo F. , Pereira C. , Alexio A. , Enriques I. H , Monteiro F. , Meireles E. , Lacerda P. , Cunha-Ribeiro L.M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Duffy blood group system has clinical importance due to involvement in transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease of the newborn. Recently, the molecular basis of the two alleles, FY*A and FY*B (125G>A), and the mutation situated in the promoter region of the FY gene (–33T>C), have been elucidated. In order to develop an accurate, easy, and rapid genotyping method, we describe a procedure using the LightCycler®. Samples from 53 Caucasian Portuguese blood donors and 7 black, healthy, European individuals were phenotyped with commercial antisera. DNA was extracted from blood samples and the relevant sequences were amplified with the same cycling conditions, using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The melting point of the FY*A allele was 63°C and of the FY*B allele, 55°C. The allele without mutation at the promoter region had a melting point at 64°C and the FY*B silent allele at 58°C. The results in Caucasian individuals were similar to those found in European and American populations. When FY genotyping techniques are necessary, the methodology described is preferable to conventional methods as it is reliable, high speed, and uses small volumes, providing a highly competitive technology for use by a routine laboratory.
Immunohematology 2001;17:42–44.