bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Spiritualitas Peserta Didik Dengan Metode Famuda
Authors: Syibromilisi  
Published: December 2021

Peranan guru merupakan bagian yang sangat berpengaruh dalam Pendidikan anak didiknya, dalam hal ini upaya untuk perkembangan serta peningkatan spriitualitas peserta didik. Seluruh pihak sekolah dan orang tua pun memiliki peran penting untuk meningkatakan spiritualistas peserta didik, salah satu strategi dalam peningkatan spiritualitas peserta didik adalah dengan strategi Fa-Mu-da dengan komponennya yaitu1.Fastabiqul khirot (berlomba dalam kebaikan), 2. Mujahadatunafsi (melawan hawa nafsu), 3. Darsul akhlaq (mempelajari akhlaq). Strategi ini diterapkan untuk lebih meningkatkan spritualitas peserta didik dalam menghadapi perkembangan globalisasi yang dapat menjerumuskannya kedalam jurang pergaulan bebas dan akhlak tercela. Dengan model manajemen yang meliputi perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan,dan pengendalian atau controlling. Dan strategi ini bisa diterapkan disemua sekolah ataupun lembaga pendidikan baik formal maupun non formal..
Implementasi Metode Demonstrasi Pada Mata Pelajaran PAI
Authors: Khomisah Iis , Syafe’i.R  , Fathurrohman.A  
Published: December 2021

Implementation of Demonstration Methods in PAI Subjects on Body Care Sub Material SMK Negeri 1 Cipanas. This research is motivated by the large number of families who cannotafford the care of the corpse so it is carried out by other people. The purpose of this study was to determine the planning, implementation, and evaluation of demonstration methods of PAI subjects in the sub-material of corpse care at SMK Negeri 1 Cipanas , Cianjur Regency and it is hoped that it can provide useful contributions for the future of students. The method used by researchers is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the planning of learning PAI K-13 material for body care in class XI SMK Negeri 1 Cipanas Cianjur has been prepared by the government where the PAI teacher only implements it. The implementation of PAI learning material for body care uses a scientific approach with a demonstration method. Evaluation of PAI learning material on body care in class XI SMK Negeri 1 Cipanas Cianjur includes three aspects, including affective, psychomotor, and cognitive assessment. The supporting factors for the implementation of the demonstration method in PAI learning material on the care of the corpse at SMK Negeri 1 Cipanas include: teachers, students, learning environment and facilities. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factor is the lack of critical attitude of students in learning PAI in the material of funeral care.
Evolutions of sea level high and warm pool in the southeastern Arabian Sea and their association with Asian monsoons : A study on cause-and-effect relationships
Authors: SINGH O. P. 
Published: November 2021

The present study aims at gaining more insight into the evolution of warm pool and associated sea level dome in the southeastern Arabian Sea before the summer monsoon onset. The results show that the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) maximum in the warm pool region is found during April close to the southwest coast of India. The Sea Surface Height (SSH) maximum over the same region is observed during December. The collapse of sea level dome begins well in advance during the pre-monsoon whereas the warm pool collapses after the onset of summer monsoon during June. Therefore, there is a lag of about three to four months between the collapses of the sea level high and the warm pool. Most interesting aspect is the dramatic increase of SST from September and SSH from October which is continued throughout the post monsoon season (October - December). Therefore, both the collapse and evolution of warm pool are dramatic events before and after the summer monsoon.

There are considerable variations in the intensity of warm pool and the height of sea level dome on interannual scale. The variation during El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) epoch of 1987-88 has revealed many interesting features. During El-Nino year 1987 the warm pool intensity reached its peak in June whereas during La Nina year 1988 the warm pool attained its maximum intensity much earlier, i.e., in April.
Seasonal forecasts of Indian summer monsoon rainfall using local polynomial based non-parametric regression model
Authors: ROHILLA ANIL KUMAR , RAJEEVAN M. , PAI D. S. 
Published: November 2021

In this paper, details of new statistical models for forecasting southwest monsoon (June-September) rainfall over India (ISMR) and for northwest India summer monsoon rainfall (NWISMR) are discussed. These models are based on the local polynomial based non-parametric regression method. Two predictor sets (SET-I & SET-II consisting of 4 and 5 predictors respectively) were selected for developing two separate models for making predictions in April and late June respectively. Another predictor set (SET-III) was selected for developing model for monsoon rainfall over NW India (NWISMR). Principle Component Analysis (PCA) of predictor data set was done and the first two principal components were selected for model development. Data for the period 1977-2005 have been used for developing the model and the Jackknife method was used to assess the skill of the model. Both the models showed useful skill in predicting ISMR and showed better performance than the model based on pure climatology. The Hit scores for the three category forecasts during the verification period by April and June models are 0.65 and 0.66 respectively. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of these models during the verification period is 5.99 and 6.0% respectively from the Long Period Average (LPA) as against 10.0% from the LPA of the model based on climatology alone. RMSE of the Northwest India model during the independent period is 11.5% from LPA as against 18.5% from the LPA of the model based on the climatology alone. Hit score for the three category forecast for NW India during the verification period is 0.55.
Climatology of blizzards over Schirmacher Oasis, east Antarctica
Authors: LAL R. P. , RAM SURESH 
Published: November 2021

Weather in Antarctica is subject to frequent and sudden changes. Strong winds and blizzards dominate Antarctic weather. A combination of blowing snow, gale force wind and very low visibility is normally defined as blizzard. Meteorological data recorded at Indian Antarctic Station Maitri, in respect of blizzards recorded during the period 1990-2005 has been studied to find out climatological features of blizzards affecting Schirmacher Oasis.

At Maitri the blizzard is mostly associated with extra-tropical storms and is normally preceded by precipitation. On average during the year about 21 blizzards affects the station for 45 days during the year. During the month of April to August 3 to 4 blizzards affects the station. Maximum number of blizzards occurs in the month of August with about 7 blizzard days. Average wind speed recorded during the blizzard is about 52 kt but it exceeded 100 kt on several occasions. The duration may vary from hours to days with average of 25 hours. Longest duration of 168 hours was recorded in June 1997. There are about 12 such occasions when blizzard lasted more than 72 hours. No correlation has been found between maximum wind speed and temperature rise during blizzard and the speed is also not correlated with pressure departure during the period.
Verification of heavy rainfall warning over Bihar and Uttar Pradesh
Authors: MOHAPATRA M. , HATWAR H. R. , KALSI S. R. 
Published: November 2021

India Meteorological Department (IMD) issues heavy rainfall warning for a meteorological sub-division when the expected 24 hours rainfall over any rain gauge station in that sub-division is likely to be 64.5 mm or more. Though these warnings have been provided since long and are also now being issued for smaller spatial scales, very few attempts have been made for quantitative evaluation of these warnings. Hence, a study is undertaken to verify the heavy rainfall warning over the representative meteorological sub-divisions of east Uttar Pradesh (UP), west UP and Bihar during main monsoon months of July and August. For this purpose data of the recent 5 years (2001-2005) and also for another epoch of 5 years in the early 1970s has been taken into consideration. In this connection, the day when heavy rainfall is recorded over atleast two stations in a sub-division, has been considered as a heavy rainfall day for that sub-division.

This study of verification shows that probability of detection of heavy rainfall is 64% over Bihar, 52% over east UP and 53% over west UP for the recent 5 years. Compared to early 1970s, there has been slight improvement in the forecast skill during 2001-2005 with probability of detection increasing by about 10-20% and with decrease in missing rate and false alarm rate. However, the false alarm rates are still large indicating higher bias towards over-prediction. The synoptic conditions associated with the heavy rainfall events have been collected for the period 2001-05 and analysed. The analysis of the unanticipated heavy rainfall events suggests that though proper interpretation of synoptic charts and NWP outputs could improve the warnings, the forecast system available even today is still not capable to capture every heavy rain event in advance.
Precipitation regionalization of southwest monsoon by hierarchical cluster analysis
Authors: MAZUMDAR A. B. 
Published: November 2021

An attempt has been made to identify coherent zones of southwest monsoon rainfall over the Indian region by employing hierarchical cluster analysis. Examination of dendrograms produced by different fusion strategies revealed the presence of 13 nuclei clusters of meteorological subdivisions. Formation of these nuclei clusters could be interpreted by their average principal component (PC) scores and associated synoptic features of PCs. Higher level inter-nuclei joinings have occurred in various fusion strategies to produce different types of clusters of subdivisions.
A flexible strategy providing well separated groups of meteorological sub-divisions has been found to be suitable. The method has identified six homogeneous regions of rainfall over India. The meteorological subdivisions have been found to be evenly distributed in these coherent zones. The clustering obtained by this method has been reasonable and largely interpretable.
A study on parameters controlling water requirement of rice (Oryza sativa L.) at various phenophases in different agroclimatic zones
Authors: KASHYAPI A. , DAS H. P. , HAGE A. P. , KALE A. A. 
Published: November 2021

The parameters controlling water requirement of rice crop and other crop related data were collected and computed at eleven critical phenophases, from eight different ET – stations, for latest available five years and the mean values were analyzed. The study revealed that the total water requirement – demand for rice crop in different rice growing ET – stations varied from 411.3 to 688.7 mm of water. In most of the stations peak ET was recorded during tillering to active tillering stages, which contributed 27 – 38 per cent of the total water need of the crop. The seasonal rainfall in most of the stations was sufficient to meet the ET requirement at various growth stages. However, few stations recorded high yield due to assured irrigation facility. The average Kc values (throughout the crop growth period) showed variation from 0.77 to 1.13 among different stations studied. For most of the stations Kc values reached their peak mostly at active tillering stage onward. At some stations six or more growth stages recorded Kc values even more than one. Rice yield varied from 1839 kg/ha to 5892 kg/ha. Also, the crop productivity varied widely from 15.074 to 51.684 kg/ha/day. The WUE of the crop in different stations laid between 3.68 to 10.71 kg/ha/mm.
Secular variations and trends in the occurrence of monsoon synoptic systems and its impact on central India rainfall
Authors: RASE D. M. , SHEVALE M. P. , RIZVI S. I. M. 
Published: November 2021

Importance of monsoon depressions, Low Pressure Systems (LPS) and the number of LPS days on rainfall and hence indirectly on agriculture and hydrology, is well recognized.

In this paper the pattern of annual variability in these systems have been examined using data from 1901-2000. The above mentioned parameters have been subjected to decadal analysis to detect presence of any regular pattern. An attempt has been made to find its tendency with time. Impact of these systems on central India rainfall has been determined and discussed.

The study endorses the earlier findings that there is a decreasing trend in the frequency of depressions which has been compensated with increase in LPS days over Indian region in recent years. The rainfall over central India is more significantly related with a number of LPS days over Indian region.
Characteristics of thunderstorms and squalls over Indira Gandhi International (IGI) airport, New Delhi - Impact on environment especially on summer’s day temperatures and use in forecasting
Authors: JENAMANI R. K. , VASHISTH R. C. , BHAN S. C. 
Published: November 2021

In the present study, commencement timings and duration of thunderstorms (TS) and squalls at IGI airport, Palam, New Delhi have been analysed critically based on most recent eleven years data of 1995-2005 to find their favourable time of occurrences. Then utility of such data base in the aviation warning has been demonstrated. Environmental changes associated with these squalls have also been further analysed to understand their impact. Being recent May 2007 a very cool month over Delhi, the role of TS on controlling the day’s soaring temperature has also been studied from their data. Results show TS are maximum in June followed by July whereas squalls are maximum in May followed by June. It shows more than 80% of TS in each season are of duration less than 3 hours with remaining are mostly 3 to 6 hours. The peak time period of commencement of both TS and squalls in the day differ with the progress of the months. For pre monsoon months, the most favourable timing of TS and squalls are 1200-1500 UTC while for monsoon, it starts earlier. Around 37% of the total TS during the period were associated with squalls. The average maximum wind speed in squall at IGI airport is about 68 kmph with highest maximum wind speed 139 kmph. On an average the environmental temperature falls by 5.6° C, humidity levels rises by 17.8% and mean sea level pressure rises by 1.6 hPa due to the occurrences of squalls. Study also shows daily maximum temperature rise is highly controlled by TS occurrences and May 2007, being a month of highest TS occurrences at the airport since 1995, became one of the coolest month in May over Delhi. The comparison of TS frequencies shows 12% increase in their annual activities since 1950-1980 with very high unusual increase of 51% in June and 26% in May. Since analysis of data from 1995 shows occurrences of TS are reversely but strongly correlated with summer temperatures and longer period temperature data since 1975 also confirms absence of significant trend in maximum temperature and higher temperature days in peak summer months of May and June till recent as expected due to high pollution, global warming and fast urbanization in the city, so it is the higher number of TS occurrences over the region from time to time which might have been main factor for controlling its significant rise.
Evaluation of heavy rainfall warning over India during summer monsoon season
Authors: MOHAPATRA M. , HATWAR H. R. , BANDYOPADHYAY B. K. , SUBRAHMANYAM V. 
Published: November 2021

India Meteorological Department (IMD) issues heavy rainfall warning for a meteorological sub-division when the expected 24 hours rainfall over any rain gauge station in that sub-division is likely to be 64.5 mm or more. Though these warnings have been provided since the inception of IMD, a few attempts have been made for quantitative evaluation of these warnings. Hence, a study is undertaken to verify the heavy rainfall warnings over 36 meteorological sub-divisions of India during monsoon months (June-September) and season as a whole. For this purpose, data of recent 5 years (2002-2006) has been taken into consideration. In this connection, the day when heavy rainfall is recorded over at least one station in a sub-division, has been considered as a heavy rainfall day for that sub-division.

There is a large spatial and temporal variability in skill scores of heavy rainfall warnings over India during summer monsoon season. Considering the monsoon season as a whole, the Heidke Skill Score (HSS) is relatively less (<0.20) over the regions with less frequent heavy rainfall like Lakshadweep, southeast peninsula, Vidarbha, Marathwada, Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram & Tripura (NMMT). It is higher (> 0.50) over Konkan & Goa, Madhya Maharashtra and Gujarat region. There has been improvement in the forecast skill with gradual increase in the critical success index and Heidke skill score over the years mainly due to the Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models' guidance available to the forecasters. However, the false alarm rate and missing rate are still very high (> 0.50), especially over many sub-divisions of northwest India, southeast peninsula and NMMT.
Real time forecasting of the Bay of Bengal cyclonic storm “RASHMI” of October 2008 – A statistical-dynamical approach
Authors: KOTAL S. D. , BHOWMIK S. K. ROY , MUKHOPADHYAY B. 
Published: November 2021

A four-step statistical-dynamical approach is applied for real time forecasting of the Bay of Bengal cyclonic storm “RASHMI” of October 2008 which made landfall near Khepupara (Bangladesh) around 2200 UTC of 26 October 2008. The four-step approach consists of (a) Analysis of Genesis Potential Parameter (GPP), (b) Track prediction, (c) Intensity Prediction by Statistical Cyclone Intensity Prediction (SCIP) model and (d) Prediction of decaying intensity after the landfall. The results show that the analysis of Genesis Potential Parameter (GPP) at early stages of development strongly indicated that the cyclone “RASHMI” had enough potential to reach its cyclone stage. The 48 hours landfall forecast position error based on 0000 UTC on 25 October shows that the error varies from around 10 km to 95 km and landfall time error varies from 12 hours early to 23 hours delay by different numerical models (NWP). The consensus forecast (ensemble) based on these NWP models shows that landfall forecast position error is around 10 km and landfall time error is around 2 hours delay. The updated 24 hours forecast based on 0000 UTC of 26 October shows improvement in the forecast. The model predicted landfall position error varies from around 10 km to 55 km with landfall time 6 hours early to 3 hours delay. The Multiple Model Ensemble (MME) forecast shows that the landfall forecast position is close to observed landfall point and the landfall time is early by 2 hours. The JMA (Japan Meteorological Agency) and ensemble forecasts are found to be consistent both in terms of 24-hourly forecasts position, landfall point and landfall time. The 12–hourly intensity prediction up to 24 hours forecasts based on 0000 UTC on 26 October show that the model (SCIP) could pick up the intensification of the cyclone. The model forecasts till the landfall point show that there is an underestimation of intensity by 2 knots and 8 knots at 12 hour and 24 hour forecasts respectively. The 6-hourly decaying intensity forecast after the landfall shows an overestimation of 6 knots and 10 knots at 6-hour and 12-hour forecasts respectively. The approach provided useful guidance to the forecasters for real time forecasting of the cyclone.
Crop coefficient and water requirement of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench)
Authors: PATIL CHANABASANAGOUDA. S. 
Published: November 2021

Based on the result of an experiment conducted from 1997 to 1999 during March-July, a model has been developed for relating crop coefficient of okra with time at Bangalore. The peak value of crop co-efficient was found to be 1.16 on the 9th week after sowing. On an average okra crop consumed about 547 mm of water during the growth. The mean values of crop coefficients are found to be 0.46, 1.29 and 0.66 during seedling, pod development and maturity stages respectively.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENYAMBUNG DAN PEMUTUS SUPLAI LISTRIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN RFID (RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION) DAN SMS GATEWAY BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: Rachman Januar Arief , Jumiyatun Jumiyatun , Dewi Sari 
Published: December 2021

Electricity demand is increasing with the development of technology in various fields, such as agriculture, medicine, automotive and others. But for controlling electricity in a room or building there are still found to be less efficient.
In controlling electricity or remote control using SMS need to pay attention to the signal that is on the SIM800L sms module. The way to get a signal is the need for power supply above 2 amperes for this SIM800L module.
This final project produces a tool that can control electricity in a room that is connecting and disconnecting the electricity supply using an RFID card which can turn on and off each room, even more than two outputs at once, and use SMS media for remote control.
The Empirical Study of Lexical Approach in College English Classroom Teaching and its Effects on Art Major’s Writing
Authors: Wang Jianwei 
Published: December 2021

Lexical approach has been believed to be an ideal way for language teaching and learning, but few empirical studies are concerned with the effects that lexical approach has on art major students&rsquo; English writing. This study aims to explore the effects the lexical has on writing through an experiment in which the lexical approach was applied in an English class for art majors. All of them attended the pre-test before the experiment and the post-test after the experiment. Through analyzing the data of composition scores and the number of lexical chunks used in compositions by paired sample t tests, this study finds that the lexical approach has positive effect on art majors&rsquo; writing proficiency and it is quite feasible and effective to apply the lexical approach to college English teaching, especially in English writing teaching.&nbsp;
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