bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban population health risk assessment from traffic noise exposure
Authors: Klepikov O V , Kurolap S A , Mamchik N P , Kostyleva L N , Kondaurov R A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of research was to identify health damage probability when traffic noise exposed. Instrumental noise measurements were carried out at 4 control points on the street highways of Voronezh city. The equivalent level of day, evening and night noise was determined. MR 2.1.10.0059-12 “Public health risk assessment from the traffic noise impact” was used as a methodological basis. It was found that the equivalent level of daytime noise varied from 45 to 65 dB, evening – from 40 to 49 dB, night – from 34 to 46 dB. According to the level of diseases reduced risk the cardiovascular system from noise load exposure for time exposure of 70-85 years the risk indicators (0.6861-1.0) refer to the level of “extreme risk”, 60-67 years (0.3551-0, 5594) – to the “high risk” level. The diseases reduced risk of the nervous system and hearing organs from traffic noise exposure is classified as “low”.
The Samara region soil contamination with industrial toxicants
Authors: Zhichkina L N , Nosov V V , Zhichkin K A , Melnikova Yu V , Shapovalov N I , Abramov Yu V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Currently, the problem of environmental pollution by toxicants of industrial origin has great ecological, social and economic importance. The research aim is to analyze the soils contamination in the Samara region with industrial toxicants. The objectives of the research included: to reveal the soil pollution dynamics with nitrates and sulfates over the years, to assess their content in the areas of soil contamination and in the background areas. The studies were carried out in 2014-2018 in the Samara city (near the territory of JSC “Arkonik SMZ”) and in the background areas (FSBI “National Park Samarskaya Luka” and Povolzhskaya AGLOS-Branch of FSC Agroecology RAS). In 2014-2018 the content of nitrate ions in the soils of the background plots and in the areas adjacent to JSC “Arkonik SMZ” varied from 7 to 66 mg/kg (1-9.4 F), sulfate ions from 13 to 303 mg/kg (0.4-8.7 F). During the studied observation period, there is a tendency to a decrease in the content of nitrates in the soils, the MPCs were not exceeded, which makes it possible to classify these soils as a pollution acceptable category. Exceeding the MPC of sulfates in research certain years (2014 in soils 5 km from JSC Arkonik SMZ and soils of FSBI National Park Samarskaya Luka, 2017 in soils 5 km from JSC Arkonik SMZ, 2018 in soils of the Volga region AGLOS-Branch of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology RAS) had a local character.
Ensuring the efficient operation of a combined-cycle gas plant in the warm season
Authors: Balzamov D S , Balzamova E Yu , Bronskaya V V , Kharitonova O S , Oykina G I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Summer technological restrictions on the electric power generation by the power stations have a significant impact on the economic indicators of generating companies. These restrictions are associated with the deterioration of performance of the generating and auxiliary equipment of stations at high air temperature and due to the following factors: the progressive decrease of electric power of gas turbines with increasing outside temperature above the calculated one (+15 °C); the rise of the water temperature in the cooling systems of main and auxiliary equipment and, as a result, the deterioration of the vacuum in the condensers of steam turbines and the operation of the cooled equipment in more intense thermal conditions.
Use of a condensate to prepare the feed water for the waste heat boilers
Authors: Balzamov D S , Balzamova E Yu , Bronskaya V V , Paluku D L , Oykina G I , Kharitonova O S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The technological process of petrochemical plants is accompanied by the output of thermal secondary energy resources, which are widely used in the technological cycle due to application of waste heat boilers to generate water vapour of different pressures. Most often, the preparation of feed water for the waste heat boilers is carried out using deeply demineralized water, the production of which is an expensive process. There is the partial replacement of deeply demineralized water by a condensate, which returns to the heat point of the plant in this article. The economic effect is presented.
Modificated small size rotor-disc mixer
Authors: Laponov S V , Bondar K E , Suleimanov D F , Ivanov S P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There is given view of construction of one-step rotor-disc mixer and described work principle in this Thesis. Also given a view of additional elements construction, arranged on working bodies (discs). It is proved experimentally, that making of slots on additional work bodies (teeth) in comparison with solid additional working elements results to significant increase quality of the mixture and performance of the device. It is determined, that to create of the emulsion with certain of dispersed particles the apparatus with modified additional working elements consumes less specific power, this is due to the fact that the working medium passes through the slots, thereby creating additional highly turbulent flows, the directions of which intersect, creating zones of sharp increase and decrease in pressure, which has a positive effect on the emulsification process. In addition specific power consumption of the device with modified additional elements is less than the specific power of the device with solid additional elements, what indicates more highly energy efficiency of supposed construction of rotor-disc mixer. Also given results of experimental research, which certifies theoretical view fully.
A two-phase-five-phase transformer calculating features
Authors: Dubovik M E , Soloviev V A , Klimash V S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper describes a new approach to constructing a transformer with a rotating magnetic field. Such a transformer mathematical description with a rotating magnetic field is given. A transformer calculating method for a primary and secondary windings phases different number is considered. A two-phase-five-phase transformer with a rotating magnetic field calculation is shown as an example. Based on a transformer with a rotating magnetic field calculation, its simulation model is built. The output currents oscillograms at the sinusoidal and rectangular shape input voltage were obtained.
Silicon substrate surface modification with nanodiamonds for CVD-synthesis of polycrystalline diamond
Authors: Maslov A L , Polushin N I , Laptev A I , Vysotina E A , Martynova T V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The use of polycrystalline diamond films is promising in photonics and electronics, as well as in other fields of science and technology. At present, it is limited by the complexity of obtaining high-quality films of required size, associated with the cracks formation at the film periphery caused by thermal stresses. Also, one of the key points is to increase films growth rate without sacrificing of their continuity and high quality. Substrate surface preparation makes possible to increase the initial rate of film formation and to form a continuous layer of diamond film on its surface. This work presents the results of polycrystalline films synthesis and the selection of optimal deposition regime. These results make possible to obtain high-quality polycrystalline diamond films of a larger area, which will significantly expand scope of their application.
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for analysis of diamond materials of different origin
Authors: Martynova T V , Polushin N I , Laptev A I , Maslov A L , Shitareva M S , Kirichenko A N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The study of impurity composition of diamond materials is an important element of their classification for use in various fields of science and technology. Many physical (thermal and electrical conductivity, optical purity), mechanical (hardness and strength) and aesthetic (color grade and clarity) properties of diamond depend on the presence of impurities in their structure; therefore, it is important to quickly and reliably determine each impurity in diamond. In this work, the method of FTIR spectroscopy is proposed as an express method for determining the impurity composition of diamonds. We examined three types of diamond materials: single crystal natural diamonds (before and after heat treatment), single crystal synthetic HPHT-diamonds and synthetic polycrystalline diamond CVD-films. We have established that the used technique allows to determine impurities in single crystals of natural and synthetic origin reliably and effectively, while the study of polycrystalline thin films is best performed using spectrophotometry.
Numerical modeling methods for safety assessment at public facilities
Authors: Zvyagintseva A V , Sazonova S A , Kulneva V V , Asminin V F , Zyazina T V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The assessment of the protected evacuation of the population from the fire zone at social facilities in the service sector on the basis of numerical modeling methods has been carried out. The time of safe evacuation of people from the object on the basis of a basic mathematical model for monitoring fire hazards for a specific social object has been regulated. Correlations between the degree of heat and the fire duration have been recorded. Partial concentration of O2, CO2, CO, HCl, measures of smoke aerosol opacity from the fire duration using “Fogard” software package configured for simplified analytical model of human flow have been captured. On the basis of the developed mathematical model of fire development design solutions that provide a secure evacuation of the population from the object have been proposed. The calculation of the blockade duration of routes and passageways for sending people out of the fire zone was made using deterministic fire indicators has been performed.
Rain attenuation in millimeter wave, centimeter wave and visible light ranges
Authors: Kuptsov V D , Ivanov S I , Fedotov A A , Badenko V L 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the results of theoretical simulation of mmWave, cmWave and visible light attenuation in rain based on the Mie scattering theory. Specific rain attenuation has been estimated from the gamma drop size distribution for a spherical drop. Rain attenuation of electromagnetic waves in the visible range, used by video cameras and lidars of «smart» city vehicles, and at the beginning of the millimeter wave range used by radars and positioning systems, have similar values averaging 3-5 dB/km. The attenuation levels of electromagnetic waves in mmWave, cmWave and Visible light ranges must be taken into account when calculating the energy budget of vehicle communications.
Improving cell seeding efficiency through modification of fiber geometry in 3D printed scaffolds
Authors: Mainardi Valerio Luca , Arrigoni Chiara , Bianchi Elena , Talò Giuseppe , Delcogliano Marco , Candrian Christian , Dubini Gabriele , Levi Marinella , Moretti Matteo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Cell seeding on 3D scaffolds is a very delicate step in tissue engineering applications, influencing the outcome of the subsequent culture phase, and determining the results of the entire experiment. Thus, it is crucial to maximize its efficiency. To this purpose, a detailed study of the influence of the geometry of the scaffold fibers on dynamic seeding efficiency is presented. 3D printing technology was used to realize polylactic acid porous scaffolds, formed by fibers with a non-circular cross-sectional geometry, named multilobed to highlight the presence of niches and ridges. An oscillating perfusion bioreactor was used to perform bidirectional dynamic seeding of MG63 cells. The fiber shape influences the fluid dynamic parameters of the flow, affecting values of fluid velocity and wall shear stress. The path followed by cells through the scaffold fibers is also affected and results in a larger number of adhered cells in multilobed scaffolds compared to scaffolds with standard pseudo cylindrical fibers. Geometrical and fluid dynamic features can also have an influence on the morphology of adhered cells. The obtained results suggest that the reciprocal influence of geometrical and fluid dynamic features and their combined effect on cell trajectories should be considered to improve the dynamic seeding efficiency when designing scaffold architecture.
Simplified ARCHITECT microfluidic chip through a dual-flip strategy enables stable and versatile tumoroid formation combined with label-free quantitative proteomic analysis
Authors: Feng Danni , Lv Junwei , Abdulla Aynur , Xu Jianwei , Sang Xiao , Wang Liping , Liu Wenjia , Lou Jiatao , Bo Zhao , Ding Xianting 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Recent years, microfluidic three-dimensional (3D) tumor culture technique has made great progress in tumor microenvironment simulation and drug screening. Meanwhile, as their functionality and complexity increase, it is more difficult for current chip models to selectively collect specific-layer cells from tumoroids for further analysis. Moreover, a simplified and robust method for tumoroid formation with highly consistent size and repeatable 3D morphology is relatively ncessary. Here, we report an ARCHITECT (ARtificial CHIp for Tumor Enables Confocal Topography observation) chip, through a dual-flip strategy to implement straightforward tumoroid establishment. This platform guarantees stable batch-to-batch tumoroids formation and allows high resolution confocal imaging. Moreover, an initial cell density as low as 65 cells per chamber is efficient to deliver a tumoroid. With this ARCHITECT chip, different-layer cells of interest could be collected from tumoroid for label-free quantitative (LFQ) proteomic analysis. For application demonstration, we mainly verified this platform for lung carcinoma (A549) tumoroid construction and proteomic analysis at out layer. Our data indicate that the out-layer cells of A549 tumoroid show extensively distinct proteomic expressions compared to two-dimensional cultured A549 cells. The up-regulated proteins are mainly related to tumorigenicity, proliferation and metastasis. And the differentially expressed proteins are mainly relevant to lipid metabolism pathway which is essential to tumor progression and proliferation. This platform provides a simplified yet robust technique to connect microfluidic tumoroid construction and LFQ proteomic analysis. The simplicity of this technique should open the way to numerous applications such as discovering the innovative targets for cancer treatment, and studying the mophological and proteomic heterogeneity of different-layer cells across the tumoroid.
Experimentally optimizing QKD rates via nonlocal dispersion compensation
Authors: Neumann Sebastian Philipp , Ribezzo Domenico , Bohmann Martin , Ursin Rupert 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables unconditionally secure communication guaranteed by the laws of physics. The last decades have seen tremendous efforts in making this technology feasible under real-life conditions, with implementations bridging ever longer distances and creating ever higher secure key rates. Readily deployed glass fiber connections are a natural choice for distributing the single photons necessary for QKD both in intra- and intercity links. Any fiber-based implementation however experiences chromatic dispersion which deteriorates temporal detection precision. This ultimately limits maximum distance and achievable key rate of such QKD systems. In this work, we address this limitation to both maximum distance and key rate and present an effective and easy-to-implement method to overcome chromatic dispersion effects. By exploiting entangled photons’ frequency correlations, we make use of nonlocal dispersion compensation to improve the photons’ temporal correlations. Our experiment is the first implementation utilizing the inherently quantum-mechanical effect of nonlocal dispersion compensation for QKD in this way. We experimentally show an increase in key rate from 6.1 to 228.3 bits/s over 6.46 km of telecom fiber. Our approach is extendable to arbitrary fiber lengths and dispersion values, resulting in substantially increased key rates and even enabling QKD in the first place where strong dispersion would otherwise frustrate key extraction at all.
Machine learning pipeline for quantum state estimation with incomplete measurements
Authors: Danaci Onur , Lohani Sanjaya , Kirby Brian T , Glasser Ryan T 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Two-qubit systems typically employ 36 projective measurements for high-fidelity tomographic estimation. The overcomplete nature of the 36 measurements suggests possible robustness of the estimation procedure to missing measurements. In this paper, we explore the resilience of machine-learning-based quantum state estimation techniques to missing measurements by creating a pipeline of stacked machine learning models for imputation, denoising, and state estimation. When applied to simulated noiseless and noisy projective measurement data for both pure and mixed states, we demonstrate quantum state estimation from partial measurement results that outperforms previously developed machine-learning-based methods in reconstruction fidelity and several conventional methods in terms of resource scaling. Notably, our developed model does not require training a separate model for each missing measurement, making it potentially applicable to quantum state estimation of large quantum systems where preprocessing is computationally infeasible due to the exponential scaling of quantum system dimension.
Reproductive state influences the degree of risk tolerance for a seasonally breeding mesopredator
Authors: Marneweck Courtney J , van Schalkwyk O Louis , Marneweck David G , Beverley Grant , Davies-Mostert Harriet T , Parker Daniel M 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe risk of predation can alter the way animals perceive costs and benefits in their environment, on which foraging decisions are made. To maximize fitness, animals with offspring show the most pronounced alteration in behavior because mothers experience increased nutritional requirements and increased vulnerability to predation. Therefore, the tolerance of risk is shaped, in part, by reproductive state. Like prey species, mesopredators balance a trade-off between food and predation to maximize fitness. However, few studies have acknowledged its importance. We investigated how mesopredators may alter their space use between periods when young are and are not vulnerable. Investigating the fine-scale space use of 19 packs of African wild dogs Lycaon pictus in the Kruger National Park, we found lower risk tolerance of denning packs; they re-visited area less frequently as lion and impala density increased and thus reduced the likelihood of risky encounters by avoiding areas where both risk and reward were high. By contrast, non-denning packs re-visited area less frequently as lion density increased and impala density decreased and thus avoided areas where reward was low, especially if risk was high. These results suggest that wild dogs shift their patterns of space use when the pack is most vulnerable. Ultimately, we found evidence of decreased risk tolerance by denning packs, likely because of increased vulnerability of lactating mothers and immobile pups. More broadly, our findings suggest that risk tolerance is dependent on reproductive state for mesopredators and should be considered as a possible mechanism for other mesopredators as well.
PPIT: an R package for inferring microbial taxonomy from nifH sequences
Authors: Kapili Bennett J , Dekas Anne E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Linking microbial community members to their ecological functions is a central goal of environmental microbiology. When assigned taxonomy, amplicon sequences of metabolic marker genes can suggest such links, thereby offering an overview of the phylogenetic structure underpinning particular ecosystem functions. However, inferring microbial taxonomy from metabolic marker gene sequences remains a challenge, particularly for the frequently sequenced nitrogen fixation marker gene, nitrogenase reductase (nifH). Horizontal gene transfer in recent nifH evolutionary history can confound taxonomic inferences drawn from the pairwise identity methods used in existing software. Other methods for inferring taxonomy are not standardized and require manual inspection that is difficult to scale.

Results
We present Phylogenetic Placement for Inferring Taxonomy (PPIT), an R package that infers microbial taxonomy from nifH amplicons using both phylogenetic and sequence identity approaches. After users place query sequences on a reference nifH gene tree provided by PPIT (n = 6317 full-length nifH sequences), PPIT searches the phylogenetic neighborhood of each query sequence and attempts to infer microbial taxonomy. An inference is drawn only if references in the phylogenetic neighborhood are: (1) taxonomically consistent and (2) share sufficient pairwise identity with the query, thereby avoiding erroneous inferences due to known horizontal gene transfer events. We find that PPIT returns a higher proportion of correct taxonomic inferences than BLAST-based approaches at the cost of fewer total inferences. We demonstrate PPIT on deep-sea sediment and find that Deltaproteobacteria are the most abundant potential diazotrophs. Using this dataset, we show that emending PPIT inferences based on visual inspection of query sequence placement can achieve taxonomic inferences for nearly all sequences in a query set. We additionally discuss how users can apply PPIT to the analysis of other marker genes.

Availability and implementation
PPIT is freely available to noncommercial users at https://github.com/bkapili/ppit. Installation includes a vignette that demonstrates package use and reproduces the nifH amplicon analysis discussed here. The raw nifH amplicon sequence data have been deposited in the GenBank, EMBL and DDBJ databases under BioProject number PRJEB37167.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.