bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omalizumab Treatment for Severe Atopic Asthma in a Real World Montréal Cohort
Authors: Haile-Meskale David , Olivenstein Ron , Mcgovern Toby , Fugere Cathy , Martin James G. 
Published: February 2021

Background: Individuals with severe atopic asthma are poorly controlled with standard treatments, including corticosteroids. A humanized monoclonal antibody binding immunoglobulin E (IgE), omalizumab, is approved to treat patients that are managed poorly despite optimal therapy and that have elevated serum levels of IgE. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine omalizumab’s effectiveness in a real-world setting. The primary outcome was the number of exacerbations of asthma requiring oral corticosteroid treatment in the 2 year pre-treatment period compared to 2 years post-treatment. The secondary outcome was cumulative dose of prednisone used before and after treatment. Other outcomes that were measured included: reduction in maintenance therapy, change in spirometry (FEV1) data, the stratification of patient population based on smoking status, and average exacerbation number and prednisone use as a function of IgE level and blood eosinophilia count. Methods: Patient data were retrieved (n=41) through the hospital records of patients treated at the Montreal Chest Institute of the McGill University Health Center. Data were gathered and analyzed for the 2 years before the treatment start date and compared to data 2 years after. Results:There was a significant reduction in average exacerbation number from 6.4 pre-treatment to 3.2 post-treatment (p=0.003). There was also a reduction in cumulative prednisone use from 2504mg to 1423mg (p=0.04) following the institution of omalizumab treatment. There was no correlation between either the initial IgE levels and blood eosinophilia and the reduction in exacerbations Conclusion: Omalizumab was effective in reducing exacerbation number and prednisone use for patients with severe refractory asthma.
Karate Chops and Kitchen Tools: My experience learning new skills alongside youth with special needs at Montreal’s Friendship Circle
Authors: Cipolla Josie 
Published: February 2021

As part of our second year in medical school, we are required to seek out a volunteer placement in order to get exposed to the social aspect of medicine, exploring the social determinants of health up-close and personally. This is accomplished through a course called the Community Health Alliance Project (CHAP). My experience at the Friendship Circle of Montreal has opened my eyes to the place that friendship has in caring for an individual. Being a "buddy" to someone with special needs works to undo the isolation and stigmatization that further complicate their unequal access to healthcare and services. Acknowledging that community and companionship are some of the tangible and addressible needs of youth with special needs brings us one step closer to bridging the gap when it comes to accessible health for all.
Delisting Full Coverage for In Vitro Fertilization in Quebec
Authors: De Simone Alexia 
Published: February 2021

On 28 November 2015, the Quebec government withdrew full coverage for its assisted procreation program that had been previously covered since 2010. The previously approved legislation under Bill 26 aimed to decrease neonatal intensive-care unit costs associated from multiple birth pregnancies and to increase the number of live-births in the province by funding up to six natural in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles and implementing a single-embryo-transfer (SET) policy. One factor that contributed to delisting IVF services in Quebec was Quebec’s Commission of Health and Well-Being’s report that concluded that IVF services costed $63 million/per year and resulted in 1300 births/per year. Taken within the larger context of Quebec’s goal to optimize financial ressources within the healthcare system and to reduce the province’s growing debt in 2015, the government withdrew fully-funded IVF services, embryo storage and drug costs and imposed stricter criteria on who could access IVF based on a woman’s age. The government provided tax credits based on a person/couples income, again based on specific criteria. Since implementation of Bill 20, IVF rates have dropped dramatically within the province and multiple-birth pregnancies are on the rise once more. Ultimately, while delisting IVF services in Quebec provided cost-savings in the province’s budget, the law poses serious setbackts to individuals that cannot afford out-of-pocket payments and raises ethical concerns regarding infertility as a medical condition. The newly elected government in 2018 is currently studying the possibility of reinstating full coverage of oneIVF cycle by 2020.
Perceived reproductive health needs among Muslim women in the southern US
Authors: Eksheir Sondous , Bowling Jessamyn 
Published: February 2021

Despite growing rates of Muslims in the United States, we know little about the health of Muslim women in this country. Due to the stigma surrounding sex, sexuality, and the cultural beliefs of this population, there may be unique and unknown challenges regarding access to reproductive health care for Muslims in the US. Purpose: This study aims to examine variables that promote and impede access to reproductive health care for Muslim women in the southern US. Methods: This multi-method study included in-person semi-structured interviews (n=15) and an anonymous online survey (n=76). Findings: Participants generally had low rates of gynecological care and cervical cancer screening. The cultural (e.g. waiting for marriage to receive gynecological care) and contextual aspects (e.g. gender) that increased or restricted access to care in terms of screening, providers and education are discussed. We also identified some misconceptions related to screening and contraception. Conclusions: Influences on reproductive health care experienced by participants in this study have similarities yet are distinct from Muslim populations in other countries as well as other groups of women in the US. This study points to a need for more population-focused education of providers, as well as awareness about reproductive health and health care recommendations and access for Muslim women.
Retrospective review of the epidemiology of epilepsy in special schools for children with cerebral palsy, learning difficulties, and language and communication difficulties
Authors: Peet Danielle Samar 
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the study: To determine in children the proportion and characteristics of epilepsy associated with cerebral palsy, learning difficulties and language and communication difficulties in a specific population of two special schools.Basic procedures: Retrospective review of case notes for 142 children in two special schools (school A and school B) in Newcastle, UK.Main findings: School A had more children with learning difficulties (X2 = 32.41, p < 0.01) and active epilepsy (X2 = 3.03, p=0.08) than school B. There were more children with cerebral palsy (X2 = 9.56, p < 0.01) and language and communication problems (X2 = 4.25, p = 0.03) at school B compared to school A. Active epilepsy is significantly more common in children with cerebral palsy (X2 = 7.58, p = 0.01). All children with cerebral palsy and learning difficulties had epilepsy (n = 6). Although not statistically significant, those children who developed epilepsy within the first 24 hours of life were more likely to have cerebral palsy than those who developed epilepsy later in life (X2 = 3.10, p = 0.08). Those children with cerebral palsy tended to have a lower birth weight (t = 3.15, p < 0.01) and a shorter gestation (t = 3.17, p < 0.01) than children without cerebral palsy.Principal conclusions: The data supports evidence from previous studies, demonstrating that epilepsy commonly accompanies cerebral palsy, thus complicating this difficult chronic condition. We show an association between both low birth weight and gestational age, and early age of onset of seizures, in children with cerebral palsy. This illustrates the importance, in these children, of past medical history from birth to determine risk factors for epilepsy later in life.
How the War Began: Conceptualizing Conflict Escalation in Ukraine’s Donbas
Authors: Hauter Jakob 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article proposes a new theoretical framework based on conflict escalation theory and the concept of critical junctures to facilitate a more transparent analysis of the war in Ukraine’s Donbas. It argues that researchers have proposed a variety of causes of the outbreak of violence in the region. However, in the absence of an overarching theoretical framework, it remains difficult to analyse the interplay of these causes and compare their explanatory power. In response, this article develops a theory-guided escalation sequence model. According to this model, the conflict’s formative phase consisted of an escalation sequence that lasted from April until August 2014 and comprised six critical junctures. This article argues that attempts to explain the conflict should be evaluated and compared in terms of their ability to explain these critical junctures. It concludes that similar escalation sequence models could improve research on armed conflict beyond the case of the Donbas.
Analisis Pengaruh Penerimaan Kekayaan Intelektual, Administrasi Hukum Umum dan Keimigrasian Terhadap Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak di Lingkungan Kementerian Hukum dan Ham RI
Authors: Sasmito Sasmito , Widjaja Anton Wahidin 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis seberapa besar Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak yang diperoleh melalui kegiatan-kegiatan yang ada pada tingkat Kementerian Hukum dan HAM – RI. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Penentuan sampel diperoleh dari laporan keuangan Kementerian Hukum dan HAM RI selama periode 2009 sampai dengan 2014. Metode yang di pakai untuk menguji hipotesis ini adalah memakai uji regresi berganda (multiple regression). Data diolah melalui aplikasi program SPSS version 19.0 dengan menggunakan menu regression. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Penerimaan Kekayaan Intelektual berpengaruh signifikan paling dominan terhadap Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak. Dimana Koefisien Penerimaan Kekayaan Intelektual sebesar 7,531, Berarti bahwa setiap peningkatan Penerimaan Kekayaan Intelektual sebesar 1% maka akan mengakibatkan kenaikan Penerimaan Kekayaan Intelektual sebesar 7,531%. Sedangkan koefisien Penerimaan Administrasi Hukum Umum hanya sebesar 1,317, yang berarti jika setiap peningkatan Penerimaan Administrasi Hukum sebesar 1% maka akan mengakibatkan kenaikan PNBP entitas sebesar1,317%. Dan yang paling kecil berdasarkan hasil SPSS yaitu Penerimaan Keimigrasian yang berarti bahwa setiap peningkatan Penerimaan Keimigrasian sebesar 1% maka akan mengakibatkan kenaikan PNBP entitas sebesar 0,369%. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian uji f, variable-variabel Penerimaan Kekayaan Intelektual, Penerimaan Administrasi Hukum Umum dan Penerimaan Keimigrasian secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak pada Kementerian Hukum dan HAM RI, karena nilai signifikannya sebesar 0,001 lebih kecil dari 0,05.
SUCCESSFUL APPLICATION AND LIMITATIONS OF HORIZONTAL WELLS
Authors: Abbasova S. 
Published: February 2021

In fields with low-permeable reservoirs, the use of vertical wells becomes economically unprofitable, since a significant amount of reserves remains not involved in development. In these conditions, the most rational use of horizontal wells becomes.
A horizontal well is drilled parallel to the plane of the reservoir and can drain a larger area than a vertical one, which makes it possible to increase the impact of the working agent. This, in turn, leads to an increase in well productivity and, ultimately, to an increase in oil recovery of productive formations.
Due to the horizontal wellbore, fractured areas are exposed, due to which the flow rates of these wells increase somewhat compared to vertical ones. It becomes possible to develop a reservoir with minimal drawdowns with a much smaller number of wells.
The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of the field application of horizontal wells in various reservoir conditions. The review of economically successful and unsuccessful wells allows the creation of a certain kind of list of parameters that are of the greatest importance for consideration in order to select a commercially successful application of horizontal wells.
The Impact of Physical Activity on Risk and Health-Related Quality of Life in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Rodríguez Cintas Marina , Márquez Sara , González-Gallego Javier 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Sedentarism is an important modifiable risk factor in the struggle against cancer. In the last decades, the relationship between physical activity and different types of cancer has been investigated in depth. OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the literature on the effectiveness of physical activity in reducing the risk to develop bladder cancer and improving health-related quality of life in patients. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted through a search of the Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS) databases to seek information and PRISMA system to delimitate the research. Outcomes included in searches were physical activity, tobacco consumption, obesity, body mass index, and metabolic syndrome, associated with bladder cancer and quality of life. RESULTS: Database searches identified 394 records, of which 75 were duplicated. A total of 280 articles were excluded based on abstract screening. An additional 16 full-text articles were excluded because they did not meet the eligibility criteria. Overall, 21 of the 23 studies included in the review reported beneficial effects of physical activity in bladder cancer. The majority of papers found that physical activity is a significant factor in reducing the risk of bladder cancer. Moreover, physical activity improves health-related quality of life in bladder cancer survivors, and diminishes both recurrence and mortality in those who engage in regular activity. Lastly, physical inactivity is associated with increased body mass index, obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and unfavourable energy balance, which led to a greater probability of suffering from bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS: These data reinforce the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of bladder cancer and to improve survivorship and health-related quality of life of patients.
On 2-partition dimension of the circulant graphs
Authors: Nadeem Asim , Kashif Agha , Zafar Sohail , Zahid Zohaib 
Published: February 2021

The partition dimension is a variant of metric dimension in graphs. It has arising applications in the fields of network designing, robot navigation, pattern recognition and image processing. Let G (V (G) , E (G)) be a connected graph and Γ = {P1, P2, …, Pm} be an ordered m-partition of V (G). The partition representation of vertex v with respect to Γ is an m-vector r (v|Γ) = (d (v, P1) , d (v, P2) , …, d (v, Pm)), where d (v, P) = min {d (v, x) |x ∈ P} is the distance between v and P. If the m-vectors r (v|Γ) differ in at least 2 positions for all v ∈ V (G), then the m-partition is called a 2-partition generator of G. A 2-partition generator of G with minimum cardinality is called a 2-partition basis of G and its cardinality is known as the 2-partition dimension of G. Circulant graphs outperform other network topologies due to their low message delay, high connectivity and survivability, therefore are widely used in telecommunication networks, computer networks, parallel processing systems and social networks. In this paper, we computed partition dimension of circulant graphs Cn (1, 2) for n ≡ 2 (mod 4), n ≥ 18 and hence corrected the result given by Salman et al. [Acta Math. Sin. Engl. Ser. 2012, 28, 1851-1864]. We further computed the 2-partition dimension of Cn (1, 2) for n ≥ 6.
A QUANTITATIVE, CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO MEASURE AORTA SACRAL PROMONTORY DISTANCE AMONG FEMALES REFERRED FOR CONTRAST ENHANCED CT ABDOMEN
Authors: Prasad Hit Narayan , Sinha Swati 
Published: February 2021

Aim: This study was carried out to measure the aorta sacral promontory distance among the females referred for contrast enhanced CT abdomen in a tertiary hospital.
Material and methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of radiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Science, Patna, Bihar, India from December 2019 to October 2020.Total of 140 patients who underwent Contrast Enhanced CT abdomen. The age, height and weight of the patients were noted. In this study, aorta sacral promontory distance was determined.
Results: The mean age was found to be 51.37 years, mean APT distance 4.61±0.80 cm and mean BMI 24.88. Increased in age was correlated with decrease in APT distance but there was no correlation between BMI and APT distance. According to this study, APT distance was decreased in elderly female patients but no significant change in BMI and APT. Conclusion: we conclude that the age increased, APT distance decreased and there was no significant change in relation to BMI. Therefore, during sacral colpopexy, the surgeon should be careful and consider the aorta sacral promontory distance in the elder female patients while performing dissection.
Keywords: aorta sacral promontory distance, pelvic organ prolapse, sacral colpopexy.
Negasi dalam Tuturan Peserta Diskusi Indonesia Lawyers Club
Authors: Saputri Karin , Faizah Hasnah , Charlina Charlina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study aims to describe the form of negation and the purpose of using negation in the speeches of the participants in the discussion of the Indonesia Lawyers Club with the theme of the Controversy over the Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP). The method used is descriptive analytical method. In this study, two forms of negation are explained, namely formal and informal negation and the purpose of using negation. Every form of negation has a marker. The markers in the form of formal negation are: words not, no, and without. Meanwhile, markers in the form of non-formal negation are: no, no, no. The purpose of using negation in the RKUHP Controversy Indonesia Lawyers Club event is to refute and negate the statement of the interlocutor. Data collection techniques used documentation techniques, observation techniques, and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques by classifying and analyzing the data found. Keyword: Negation form, purpose of using negation, Indonesia Lawyers Club AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk negasi dan tujuan penggunaan negasi dalam tuturan peserta diskusi Indonesia Lawyers Club yang bertemakan Kontroversi Rancangan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (RKUHP). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analitis. Pada penelitian ini menjelaskan dua bentuk negasi yaitu negasi formal dan nonformal dan tujuan penggunaan negasi. Setiap bentuk negasi mempunyai pemarkah. Pemarkah pada bentuk negasi formal yaitu: kata tidak, tak, bukan, dan tanpa. Sedangkan pemarkah pada bentuk negasi nonformal yaitu: enggak, nggak, gak. Tujuan dari penggunaan negasi dalam acara Indonesia Lawyers Club Kontroversi RKUHP yaitu untuk membantah dan menegasi pernyataan lawan tutur. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, teknik simak, dan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data dengan mengklasifikasi dan menganalisis data yang ditemukan. Kata kunci: Bentuk negasi, tujuan penggunaan negasi, Indonesia Lawyers Club
ASESMEN, PERKUATAN DAN PERBAIKAN BANGUNAN NON-ENGINEERED PERUMAHAN MEKAR MELATI KELURAHAN LUBUK MINTURUN KOTA PADANG PASCAGEMPA 2009
Authors: Imani Rafki I , Anita Sofia , Laurency Sonya Ostha , Rozi Fakhru 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe West Sumatra Earthquake on September 30, 2009, which also hit Padang City, caused most of the buildings to be severely and slightly damaged. This paper discusses the types of damage, repairs and reinforcement of residential houses in Mekar Melati Housing, Lubuk Minturun Sub-District, Padang City, West Sumatra. Data were collected using direct survey and assessment on both houses that have been severely damaged or slightly damaged. After the 2009 earthquake, the residential houses in the Mekar Melati housing complex in Lubuk Minturun, generally suffered severe damage and slight damage. The reason is that the building there is included in the category of very simple houses. Building materials used without slof, let alone walls that only use hollowbrick material, of which if the material is not plastered it will become brittle, resulting in the building easily collapsing.Keywords: Damage, earthquake, residential houses, repairs and reinforcement.AbstrakGempa Sumatera Barat pada 30 September 2009 yang turut melanda Kota Padang telah mengakibatkan sebagian besar bangunan mengalami rusak berat dan ringan. Makalah ini membahas jenis kerusakan, perbaikan dan perkuatan bangunan rumah warga di Perumahan Mekar Melati Kelurahan Lubuk Minturun Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan survei dan asesmen secara langsung, baik rumah yang mengalami rusak berat maupun rusak ringan. Pascagempa 2009 bangunan rumah warga di perumahan Mekar Melati Kelurahan Lubuk Minturun, umumnya banyak mengalami rusak berat dan juga rusak ringan. Penyebabnya adalah karena bangunan di sana termasuk kategori rumah yang sangat sederhana (RSS). Material bangunan yang digunakan tidak memakai slof, apalagi dinding yang hanya menggunakan bahan hollowbrick, dimana bahan tersebut jika tidak diplaster maka akan menjadi rapuh sehingga mengakibatkan bangunan mudah runtuh.Kata kunci : Kerusakan, gempa bumi, perumahan, perbaikan dan perkuatan.