bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal Perforations Associated With JAK Inhibitors: A Disproportionality Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Goldman Adam , Raschi Emanuel , Druyan Amit , Sharif Kassem , Lahat Adi , Ben‐Zvi Ilan , Ben‐Horin Shomron 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundGastrointestinal perforations have been reported in a small number of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in clinical trials. However, large‐scale postmarketing data repositories are needed to further investigate this potentially rare but serious adverse event.MethodsA retrospective, pharmacovigilance study of the FDA adverse event reporting system (July 2014 to September 2023) assessing the reporting of gastrointestinal perforations following JAK inhibitors compared to biological disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in RA patients. The adjusted reporting odds ratio (adj.ROR) was calculated using a multivariable logistic regression model.ResultsOf 399,983 RA patients included in the study, 76,446 were treated with JAK inhibitors (tofacitinib, n = 52,365; upadacitinib, n = 21,856; baricitinib, n = 2225) and 323,537 were treated with bDMARDs (TNF inhibitors, rituximab, and abatacept). Overall, 230 cases of gastrointestinal perforation following JAK inhibitors were identified, with a median time of 9 (IQR: 4–22) months from treatment initiation. Compared with bDMARDs, JAK inhibitors were associated with a higher‐than‐expected reporting of gastrointestinal perforations (adj.ROR = 1.98[1.69−2.31]). Increased reporting of gastrointestinal perforations was observed among recipients of JAK inhibitors or bDMARDs who used steroids or non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs concurrently (adj.ROR = 2.82 [2.41–3.31]). Perforations of both the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract were significantly over‐reported (n = 51, adj.ROR = 1.55 [1.12–2.14], n = 143, adj.ROR = 1.78 [1.46–2.17], respectively). Furthermore, the safety signal was significant across all JAK inhibitors: tofacitinib (n = 125, adj.ROR = 1.52 [1.25–1.85]), upadacitinib (n = 84, adj.ROR = 2.73 [2.17–3.44]), and baricitinib (n = 21, adj.ROR = 5.38 [3.46–8.37]).ConclusionIn this global pharmacovigilance study, all JAK inhibitors were associated with increased reporting of gastrointestinal perforations compared with bDMARDs in RA patients. Until more data on IBD patients emerge, careful surveillance and increased clinicians' awareness should also be advocated for this population.
Einleitung
Authors: Schlachter Sabrina 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der heutigen Informationsgesellschaft stehen Individuen in einer Paarbeziehung vor der Herausforderung, mit digitalen Transformationsprozessen umzugehen. Hierzu liegt eine Vielzahl von Studien vor, die Veränderungen durch Medien im Paaralltag untersuchen. Doch hinsichtlich medienbezogener Bildungsprozesse - bei denen eine Veränderung des Selbst- und Weltbezugs geschieht - werden Paarbeziehungen in der Forschung bislang vernachlässigt. In dieser Arbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern medienbezogene Bildungsprozesse in Paarbeziehungen stattfinden. Der Nutzen besteht in dem dadurch gewonnen Verständnis von medienbezogenen Bildungsprozessen in Paarbeziehungen. Dieses kann wiederum für zukünftige Forschungsvorhaben neue Perspektiven auf bereits behandelte Themen eröffnen, wie z. B. mediengestützte Paartherapie bzw. -beratung oder medienbezogene Bildungsprozessen und Mediensozialisation in der Familie.
Forschungsstand
Authors: Schlachter Sabrina 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Kapitel Forschungsstand wird das Vorgehen zur Erstellung des selbigen in Anlehnung an die systematische Literaturanalyse beschrieben. Darauf folgt die Beschreibung der ersten Recherche zum Themenbereich medienbezogener Bildungsprozessen in Paarbeziehungen. Diese zeigt eine deutliche Forschungslücke bzgl. medienbezogener Bildungsprozessen im Zusammenhang mit Paarinteraktionen. So konnten nur zwei Quellen gefunden werden, welche sich näherungsweise mit dem Thema der Forschungsfrage befasst haben. Bei der zweiten Recherche zu dem Thema alltägliche Mediennutzung von Paaren zeigt sich, dass zwar Paare und Medien in der Forschung thematisiert werden, jedoch meistens im Hinblick auf die Kommunikationsstrukturen der Paare oder den Einfluss der Medien auf die Beziehung(-szufriedenheit) mit besonderem Fokus auf Problemfelder. Überdies wurde ersichtlich, dass nur wenige Studien vorliegen, die relativ offen die Mediennutzung von Paaren erhoben haben.
Fallportraits
Authors: Schlachter Sabrina 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Kapitel Fallportraits findet sich eine detaillierte Vorstellung der Interviewpaare. Die Vorstellung der 16 Paare beginnt jeweils mit Daten und Fakten zum Paar, wie z. B. dem Alter, der Beziehungsdauer, der Familiensituation und der beruflichen Situation. Anschließend wird in einem exemplarischen Interviewausschnitt die Besonderheit des jeweiligen Paares gezeigt. Darauf folgt eine Beschreibung der medieninduzierten Kommunikation des Paares, ergänzt durch einen Überblick über die gemeinsame und individuelle Mediennutzung.
Kiite World: Socializing Map-Based Music Exploration Through Playlist Sharing and Synchronized Listening
Authors: Tsukuda Kosetsu , Takahashi Takumi , Ishida Keisuke , Hamasaki Masahiro , Goto Masataka 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNumerous systems have been proposed for placing songs on a map to enable music exploration, but existing systems assume that users explore alone and thus lack social interactions, which has been identified as a significant issue for these systems. In this paper, we describe “Kiite World,” a web service that enables social-aware music exploration. Kiite World has over 440,000 songs placed on a map and lets users perform the following social interactions while moving their avatars: (1) Users can publish “My Kiite World,” where songs from their created playlists are displayed on the map, and they can visit each other’s “My Kiite Worlds” to explore songs on the map. (2) The activities of all users exploring songs on Kiite World are visualized in real time, enabling users to synchronize with interested users and explore songs while listening to music together. (3) Any user can easily host music events where she listens to her favorite songs together with other users while they synchronize with her. Analysis of user behavior logs over seven months revealed several reusable insights on the usefulness of incorporating social aspects into map-based music exploration (e.g., users often like songs that are farther from their original interests as a result of exploring songs in other users’ “My Kiite Worlds.”).
Psoriasis treatments in the stabilization of atherosclerosis: a systematic review
Authors: Ji Lixin , Ravi Sowmya , Wright Laura , Nguyen Vi , Wiley Jose , Vukelic Milena , Kim Sangkyu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis systematic review explores the relationship between achieving minimal disease activity in psoriasis and the progression of atherosclerosis. It investigates how biologic therapies and other treatments impact atherosclerosis markers, offering insights into therapeutic strategies. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted from January 1, 2000, to April 1, 2023, using terms such as psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, atherosclerosis, biologic therapy, vascular stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Eligible studies were those involving human subjects over 18, written in English, that provided quantitative atherosclerosis markers, including CIMT, CCTA, arterial pulse wave velocity (aPWV), fat attenuation index (FAI), and augmentation index (Aix). From an initial pool of 217 studies, 21 were included, grouped by treatments, including TNF-α inhibitors, IL-12/23 inhibitors, IL-17 inhibitors, DMARDs, phototherapy, and fumaric acid esters. The review found that TNF-α inhibitors significantly improved atherosclerosis markers such as CIMT, aPWV, FAI, and C-reactive protein (CRP), with reductions in these markers compared to no treatment, phototherapy, and IL-12/23 inhibitors. Additionally, IL-17 inhibitors demonstrated similar reductions in FAI compared to TNF-α inhibitors but showed a greater effect in reducing non-calcified plaque burden (12% vs. 5% for TNF-α inhibitors, p < 0.001) and also decreased CRP levels. Fumaric acid improved cholesterol metabolism (p < 0.04), and TNF-α inhibitors enhanced endothelial function (p < 0.01). Mixed results were observed when compared to DMARDs, indicating that patient-specific factors should guide treatment choices. In conclusion, TNF-α inhibitors are highly effective in reducing atherosclerosis progression in psoriasis patients, consistently improving vascular health markers like CIMT, aPWV, FAI, and CRP. IL-17 inhibitors also show significant efficacy, particularly in reducing non-calcified plaque burden, making them a valuable alternative to TNF-α inhibitors. Fumaric acid’s role in cholesterol metabolism suggests its potential in combination therapies. These findings support integrating TNF-α and IL-17 inhibitors into treatment protocols for psoriasis patients with comorbid atherosclerosis, improving cardiovascular outcomes.
Par-delà les pièges des discours, les techniques artisanales aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles
Authors: Hilaire-Pérez Liliane , Lanoë Catherine 
Published: December 2024

Depuis quelques années, en France et dans le monde anglophone, les savoirs des artisans mobilisent l’intérêt des chercheurs et des chercheuses. Récemment, la notion d’Artisanal Enlightenment a contribué à inspirer certaines études : la rencontre des cultures artisanales avec l’élite savante et éclairée aurait suscité des hybrides culturels et favorisé des transferts de savoirs. Cet article entend mettre à distance cette approche, en resserrant la focale sur les artisans au travail, en proposant une analyse au ras des pratiques, à partir de corpus inédits restituant les techniques mises en œuvre dans les ateliers. Il convient de prendre la mesure du retournement de perspective. Pendant longtemps en effet, les historiens et historiennes ont repris à leur compte des lieux communs sur les artisans, forgés par les contemporains, tels que l’enserrement dans des corps de métiers figés et rivaux entre eux. Un puissant mouvement de relecture a mis en cause ces stéréotypes. D’une part, l’histoire des sciences a souligné le rôle des praticiens dans l’émergence des sciences expérimentales. D’autre part, le mouvement de relecture de la révolution industrielle a réfuté un récit centré sur les ingénieurs, les industriels et les savants et montré les capacités inventives des artisans. Il apparaît de plus en plus que les savoirs artisanaux ont évolué indépendamment des mondes savants, ce qui incite à reconsidérer les relations entre savants et artisans et notamment l’intérêt des élites pour les techniques. Plusieurs thèmes sont ainsi mis en avant par les recherches récentes et développés dans cet article : la captation des savoirs artisanaux par les mondes savants, les relations de pouvoir qui sous-tendent la codification des pratiques artisanales, enfin les ressources de l’atelier, en plaçant au cœur de la réflexion les ressorts cognitifs du faire, du rapport à la matière, au geste et à l’outillage.
L’histoire amérindienne, ou la fin de l’anthropologie ? (note critique)
Authors: Havard Gilles 
Published: December 2024

L’évaluation de deux ouvrages récents sur l’histoire des Indiens d’Amérique du Nord, Indigenous Continent: The Epic Contest for North America de Pekka Hämäläinen (2022) et The Rediscovery of America: Native Peoples and the Unmaking of U.S. History de Ned Blackhawk (2023), qui se veulent rénovateurs, offre l’occasion d’un état des lieux. Les deux auteurs soulèvent deux des grandes questions qui animent le champ, celle de la capacité d’agir des Amérindiens, reconnue et acceptée de façon consensuelle par les historiens, et celle de leur raison d’agir, pour laquelle des visions contrastées se font jour. Dans cette note critique, nous nous demandons dans quelle mesure l’importance accordée par N. Blackhawk et P. Hämäläinen à la capacité d’agir des Autochtones n’a pas précisément pour effet d’enfouir la réflexion sur leur raison d’agir. Si P. Hämäläinen, à la différence de N. Blackhawk, insiste sur l’écueil de la téléologie et s’efforce de valoriser la variété des modes d’intrusion coloniale, les deux historiens se retrouvent dans leur renoncement à une forme d’anthropologie qui, par le passé, a été soucieuse de restituer l’intégrité culturelle des Autochtones. Le lexique analytique choisi, à l’exemple du terme « empire », conduit parfois à un effacement de la différence culturelle et à une torsion de l’histoire. Cette note plaide ainsi pour une complémentarité retrouvée entre histoire et anthropologie.
L’antisémitisme et la réforme de la Bourse de Paris (1893-1898)
Authors: Hautcœur Pierre-Cyrille 
Published: December 2024

Les réformes de la Bourse de Paris entre 1893 et 1898 sont l’occasion de manifestations d’antisémitisme qui peuvent ne guère surprendre dans le contexte de l’époque. Les partisans du monopole des agents de change traitent de juifs les membres du marché libre (les coulissiers) qui le remettent en cause. Au-delà de la défense conservatrice d’une corporation privilégiée et de sa contestation libérale, cet épisode permet de mieux comprendre que ce sont deux conceptions du marché financier toujours actuelles qui sont en cause. Les coulissiers privilégient la liquidité, la rapidité d’exécution, les financiers professionnels et les échanges internationaux, au prix éventuellement d’une moindre sécurité et d’une moindre égalité dans l’échange, au détriment sans doute des petits boursicoteurs et de la stabilité du marché. Les agents de change avaient des priorités inverses. Le débat s’enrichit de l’émergence d’une tierce position socialiste qui renvoie dos à dos libéraux et conservateurs pour proposer une Bourse service public privilégiant transparence et sécurité sans que ce soit au profit d’un groupe privilégié, position qui, sans prévaloir, annonce de nouvelles conceptions de l’économie de marché.
Les Juifs, la lettre de change : le peuple-caste et l’esprit du premier capitalisme
Authors: Kriegel Maurice 
Published: December 2024

Cet article veut montrer, dans le sillage du livre de Francesca Trivellato, combien la légende de l’invention juive de la lettre de change a joué un rôle déterminant dans l’élaboration des conceptions qui se sont imposées au cours du xviiie comme du xixe siècle sur l’histoire des Juifs en général et sur les caractères de leur activité économique en particulier. Au xviiie siècle, Montesquieu célébra la sophistication des instruments de l’économie, capable de faire obstacle aux initiatives arbitraires des gouvernements et de garantir ainsi les libertés ; les générations suivantes des penseurs des Lumières entreprirent de déthéologiser l’histoire juive en expliquant la pérennité des Juifs dispersés au cours des siècles par leur fonction commerciale. Au xixe siècle, les inquiétudes ou les espoirs engendrés par la promotion de l’industrie et de la banque comme la sensibilité nouvelle à l’égard du Moyen Âge engagèrent à remettre sur le métier le problème des circonstances de l’apparition du « commerce » et du rôle des Juifs dans son surgissement.
Long-term flare energy variation driven by the dipole moment of solar magnetic field
Authors: Yoldaş Ezgi , Dal Hasan Ali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this study, the results obtained using GOES satellite X-ray data and MWO and WSO measurements of the solar magnetic field between 1976 and 2022 are compared and discussed. By analysing GOES satellite X-ray data in 47 different time periods of one month long, 7 500 solar flares are obtained, the flare equivalent duration distributions against the total duration of the flare are statistically modelled, and then their variation via time is examined. The variations of the model parameters such as the Plateau, which is considered as an indicator of the stellar saturation level in an observation season, and the flare timescales via time are examined. We noticed that the variation found in the solar magnetic field and the variation determined in the flare saturation levels are very similar. As a result, it is well known that the solar magnetic dipole moment measured from the solar poles steadily decreased from 1976 to 2022. We revealed that the solar X-ray flare energies are also generally decreasing in the same trend. This decrease is also evident in flare timescales, indicating that the geometry of solar magnetic loops is getting smaller over time.
Diprotodon on the sky. The Large Galactic Supernova Remnant (SNR) G278.94+1.35
Authors: Filipović Miroslav D. , Lazarević Sanja , Araya Miguel , Hurley-Walker Natasha , Kothes Roland , Sano Hidetoshi , Rowell Gavin , Martin Pierrick , Fukui Yasuo , Alsaberi Rami Z. E. , Arbutina Bojan , Ball Brianna , Bordiu Cristobal , Brose Robert , Bufano Filomena , Burger-Scheidlin Christopher , Anne Collins Tiffany , Crawford Evan J. , Dai Shi , William Duchesne Stefan , Fuller Robert , Hopkins Andrew , Ingallinera Adriano , Inoue Haruto , Jarrett Thomas , Silvia Koribalski Bärbel , Leahy Denis , Luken Kieran , Mackey Jonathan , Macgregor Peter , Norris Ray , Payne Jeffrey , Riggi Simone , Riseley Christopher , Sasaki Manami , Smeaton Zachary , Sushch Iurii , Stupar Milorad , Umana Grazia , Urošević Dejan , Velović Velibor , Vernstrom Tessa , Vukotić Branislav , West Jennifer 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present a re-discovery of G278.94+1.35a as possibly one of the largest known Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs) – that we name Diprotodon. While previously established as a Galactic SNR, Diprotodon is visible in our new Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU) and GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky MWA (GLEAM) radio continuum images at an angular size of

$3{{{{.\!^\circ}}}}33\times3{{{{.\!^\circ}}}}23$

, much larger than previously measured. At the previously suggested distance of 2.7 kpc, this implies a diameter of 157

$\times$

152 pc. This size would qualify Diprotodon as the largest known SNR and pushes our estimates of SNR sizes to the upper limits. We investigate the environment in which the SNR is located and examine various scenarios that might explain such a large and relatively bright SNR appearance. We find that Diprotodon is most likely at a much closer distance of

$\sim$

1 kpc, implying its diameter is 58

$\times$

56 pc and it is in the radiative evolutionary phase. We also present a new Fermi-LAT data analysis that confirms the angular extent of the SNR in gamma rays. The origin of the high-energy emission remains somewhat puzzling, and the scenarios we explore reveal new puzzles, given this unexpected and unique observation of a seemingly evolved SNR having a hard GeV spectrum with no breaks. We explore both leptonic and hadronic scenarios, as well as the possibility that the high-energy emission arises from the leftover particle population of a historic pulsar wind nebula.
In-kind Wages: Understanding Workers’ Strategies to Cope with Inflation and Poverty
Authors: Sarasúa Carmen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Although non-monetary benefits remain an important component of most workers’ wages in today's industrial economies, development economists and economic historians tend to view such payments as a remnant of older, obsolete labour regimes. But when in-kind wages are assumed to be exploitative, an outcome of market inefficiencies, or simply the result of limited supply of coinage, their actual economic functions can be obscured. Once we drop the constraints imposed by such assumptions and look at the historical evidence, we are forced to confront the possibility that workers actually used them to their advantage.
In this article, I analyse how in-kind wages functioned in certain historical contexts, and conclude that available explanations are far too limited. As the historical cases studied show, the different forms of in-kind payments must be examined because those forms – not just overall wage levels – helped determine labour supply, social and occupational mobility, and even capital formation.
The goods and services that made up in-kind payments also provide a fuller understanding of gender wage gaps. Non-monetary wages gave workers options that cash wages did not, and so created and reproduced fundamental inequalities among different groups.
Prevalence of burnout and its determinants among Indonesian nurses: a multicentre study
Authors: Juanamasta I. Gede , Aungsuroch Yupin , Gunawan Joko , Dino Michael Joseph , Polsook Rapin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFrontline health workers face a significant issue concerning mental health, particularly stress and burnout. Nurses, being among them, grapple with this problem. The study aims to investigate the prevalence and determinants of burnout among nurses. A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted across twenty two hospitals. A total of nine hundred nurses participated through convenience sampling. Burnout was measured using a single-measurement approach. Both individual and unit-related factors were examined. Over half of the nurses experienced stress, while 7.3% had symptoms of exhaustion. One in every hundred nurses faced a high likelihood of experiencing complete burnout. Job satisfaction, basic salary, motivation, age, incentives, competence, extra responsibilities, and knowledge of quality emerged as significant predictors of burnout. Addressing burnout among nurses requires hospitals to improve job satisfaction, revisit salaries, and foster supportive environments with incentives. Tailored training and ongoing support are crucial for resilience. Prioritizing these strategies is vital for nurses' well-being and sustainable healthcare delivery.
Synthesis and performance evaluation of ZnO/CdS photoanodes with copper sulfide (Cu2S) and carbon counter electrodes
Authors: More Pooja B. , Jagtap Chaitali V. , Kadam Vishal S. , Naushad Mu. , Naik Nithesh , Hiremath Pavan , M. Pathan Habib 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe present study demonstrates the synthesis of compact ZnO layers using CdS sensitized on ZnO as a photoanode with copper sulfide (Cu2S) and carbon as a counter electrode (CE). In this study, a compact ZnO layer was fabricated using the simple and low-cost successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method, and Cu2S CE films were synthesized using the chemical bath deposition method. Various characterizations, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confirmed the formation of ZnO and CdS sensitizations on the ZnO . UV-visible spectroscopy revealed that the bandgaps of the ZnO and Cu2S films were 3.2 and 1.3 eV, respectively. Furthermore, the morphology of the ZnO films was optimized by varying the number of SILAR cycles. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a nanorod compact layer (CL) and the porous nature of the ZnO photoanode films. However, the porosity increased with the number of SILAR cycles. Various parameters, such as the current density, voltage, fill factor, and efficiency, were measured using the J-V characteristics. The highest 0.85% efficiency was achieved by using the ZnO compact film with 30 SILAR cycles for the Cu2S CE. Furthermore, the study revealed that the Cu2S counter electrode had a higher electrocatalytic response than the carbon CE.