bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fezâil-i Cihâd Mecmuası’ndan II. Viyana Seferine Bakmak: Dördüncü Mehmed’in Nemçe Seferi Menzilnâmesi ve Osmanlı Ordusu
Authors: DANIŞ İlhami 
Published: December 2021

Menzil; posta teşkilatının, ordunun, hacıların ve seyyâhların yol üzerinde konaklama
için kullandıkları yerleşim yerlerini veya yerleşim yerleri dışında kurulan coğrafi alanları
ifade eder. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, payitaht İstanbul’a bağlanan yol ağı üzerinde faklı
amaçlara hizmet eden menziller kurmuştur. Bunların içinde sefer esnasında ordunun takip
ettiği güzergâh üzerinde kurulan menziller oldukça önemlidir. Sefere giden ordunun belli
mesafe kat ettikten sonra istirahat ettiği, iaşe ihtiyaçlarını karşıladığı bu menziller su
yollarına yakın kurulur ve her seferin güzergâhına göre belirlenirdi. Sefer güzergâhları
üzerindeki bu menziller; isimleri, coğrafi konumları, fiziki ve mimari özellikleri, birbirlerine
olan mesafeleri ve menzilleri birbirine bağlayan yolların durumu gibi hususlar bağlamında
çok sayıda eserlere konu olmuş ve bir Osmanlı sefer menzilnâmeleri literatürü
ortaya çıkmıştır.
Kanuni Sultan Süleyman döneminde 1529 yılındaki Viyana Seferi’ne çıkan Osmanlı
ordusu bu seferden yüz elli dört yıl sonra 1683’te IV. Mehmed döneminde tekrar Viyana kapılarına dayanmıştır. İlk sefer esnasında ordunun takip ettiği güzergâh Feridun Bey’in
Münşeâtü’s-Selâtîn eserinde, ikinci sefer esnasında takip edilen güzergâh ise Teşrifatçıbaşı'nın
Vekâyi-i Beç eserinde ve Silâhdâr Mehmed Ağa’nın Zeyl-i Fezleke’sinde (Silâhdâr
Târihi) detaylı olayları ile ele alınmıştır. II. Viyana Seferi menzillerinin Edirne’den Belgrad’a
kadar olan kısmı ise Süleymaniye Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi’ndeki bir mecmuada
(Fezâil-i Cihâd Mecmuası) müstakil bir menzilnâme olarak yer almaktadır. Menzillerin
isimleri, mesafeleri ve tafsilatlarının yer aldığı bu menzilnâme kapsamında kaleme alınan
bu çalışmada mecmuadaki müstakil menzilnâmeden yola çıkarak II. Viyana Seferi’nde
ordunun takip ettiği güzergâh üzerindeki menziller Silâhdar Târihi ile mukayeseli bir
şekilde ele alınmış olup Osmanlı ordusunun İstanbul’dan Viyana’ya kaç günde eriştiği,
hangi menzillerde konaklayarak ilerlediği, menzillere varış tarihleri ve güzergâhtaki
menzillerin hangi coğrafi şartları taşıdığı hususlarına cevaplar aranmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada
Belgrad’dan Viyana’ya olan menziller Vekâyi-i Beç ve Silâhdâr Târihi’nden alınarak
okuyuculara ve araştırmacılara tüm menziller hakkında bir çerçeve sunulmuştur. Menzilnâmenin
sonunda II. Viyana Seferi’ne katılan Osmanlı ordusuna dair sayısal veriler yer
almaktadır. Bu veriler de sefer bağlamında çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir.
Afrika’nın Sömürgeleştirilmesinde Beşeri Bilimlerin Araçsallaştırılması
Authors: İBRAHİM Gassim 
Published: December 2021

XVIII. ve XIX. asırlarda ölçülebilir yöntemlerle doğru bilgilere ulaşılabileceği ve bu
doğru bilgi ile de toplumsal yaşamın düzenlenebileceği inancıyla Batı Avrupa’da ortaya
çıkan bilimsel hareketler doğa, yerküre, insan ve çevresinin sırlarının gün yüzüne çıkarılmasına
vesile olmuştur. Öte yandan o bilgiyle doğaya tahakküm etme ve onun sunduğu
imkân ve kaynakları değerlendirme çabaları, dünyanın ve özellikle Afrika kıtasının sömürgeleştirilmesine
doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak zemin hazırlayarak buna “meşruiyet”
kazandırmıştır. Zira felsefe ve antropoloji ile başlayan doğa ve beşeri bilimler çalışmaları,
ilk dönemde doğada ve yeryüzünde var olan canlı cinslerinin derlemesini yapmayı amaçlamışsa
da zaman içerisinde bu canlı cinslerinin sınıflandırılarak hiyerarşisinin düzenlenmesine
yönelmiştir. Pozitivizm akımının devreye girmesiyle, biyoloji ve sosyoloji bilimlerinde
kaydedilen gelişmelerle, artık toplumların hiyerarşik şekilde ırklara ayrılarak
birbirinden üstün oldukları ve birbirlerine karşı hak ve vazifeleri olduğu yönünde iddialar ortaya atılmıştır. Medeniyet bakımından ırkların en altında Afrikalı ırkın olduğunu savunan
bu bilimsel çalışmalar, sömürgecilik ideolojisini hukuken ve siyaseten meşrulaştırarak
XIX. yüzyılın sonlarında Afrika kıtasının medeniyet adına sömürgeleştirilmesine zemin
teşkil ettirilmiştir. Bu makalede, ağırlıklı olarak eski kaynaklara atıf yapan Fransızca
literatürden istifade edilerek makrotarih perspektiften XVIII. ve XIX. yüzyıllardaki söz
konusu bilimsel çalışmaların Avrupa sömürgeciliğine nasıl hizmet ettiği irdelenecektir.
KONYA’DA HALKEVLERİNİN KAPATILMASI VE BİNALARININ KULLANILMASI İLE İLGİLİ TARTIŞMALAR ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: KOÇER Gülsün , ÖZCAN Mustafa 
Published: December 2021

Konya Halkevi 19 Şubat 1932 tarihinde Türkiye’de açılan ilk on dört halkevinden biridir. Kuruluşundan itibaren eğitim, kültür, sanat faaliyetleri içinde olmuş ve Konya’ya okuma-yazma kurslarından tiyatroya ve konferanslara kadar pek çok hizmette bulunmuştur. Konya Halkevi, TBMM'de 8 Ağustos 1951 tarihinde kabul edilen ve 11 Ağustos 1951 tarihinde Resmî Gazete'de yayınlanarak yürürlüğe giren 5830 sayılı kanun ile Türkiye genelindeki bütün halkevleri gibi kapatılarak malları hazineye devredilmiştir.
Bu süreç ülke genelinde olduğu gibi Konya’da da çeşitli tepkilere ve spekülasyonlara sebep olmuştur. Bazı aydınlar halkevlerinin faydalı hizmetleri üzerinde durmuş ve bu kuruma yapılan çeşitli suçlamaları cevaplamıştır. Ancak üzerinde en çok konuşulan konu halkevi binaları ve bu binalarda bulunan kitap, mobilya gibi eşyaların nasıl değerlendirileceği üzerine olmuştur.
Halkevlerinin kapatılması şüphesiz ki Türkiye tarihinin önemli olayları arasındadır. Çalışmanın amacı, 1932-51 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin kültür hayatında çok önemli bir rol oynamış halkevlerinin kapatılma kararı ve devamındaki süreçte yaşanan gelişmeleri ve tepkileri Konya ili örneğinde ortaya koymak ve Türkiye yakın tarihinin bu önemli değişimine ışık tutmaktır. Bu sayede halkevi ve Cumhuriyetin ilk yılları ile ilgili araştırma yapan bilim insanlarına katkıda bulunulacaktır. Çalışma hazırlanırken halkevlerinin kapanma sürecine girdiği ve tasfiye edildiği 1950-52 tarihleri arasında Konya’da yayımlanan gazeteler taranmış, halkevi ile ilgili haber ve yazılar tespit edilmiş, nitel araştırma yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir.
Estimating True Species Richness from Braun Blanquet Scale
Authors: ÖZKAN Kürşad 
Published: December 2021

Aim of study: The goal of the study was to estimate true species richness from Braun Blanquet (BB) scale data.
Area of study: Yazılı Canyon Nature Park (YCNP) located in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey.
Material and methods: A bias-corrected approach was adapted based on the Good-Turning frequency formula to estimate true species richness (S_est ) for 9 vegetation plots under three scenarios (Rare species are singletons: with 1/1 probability 〖(Sc〗_1), with 1/2 probability (〖Sc〗_2), with 1/3 probability 〖(Sc〗_3)).
Main results: The results indicate that with increasing uncertainty about the number of singletons, the difference between expected species richness and observed species richness decreases. To estimate the species richness of the plots taken from YCNP, scenario III (〖Sc〗_3 ) seems to be the best option due to existing maximum uncertainty concerning the number of singletons.
Highlights: All the proposed bias-corrected estimators have been developed by considering the abundance or the incidence-based data except for S_est. For employing S_est, all the data consists of the number of singletons (f_1 ) and super doubletons (f_(2+) ). f_1 and f_(2+) can be obtained from BB scale because its "r" code usually corresponds to f_1. However, some scientists prefer to use "r" in description of a few species. That causes an uncertainty about f_1. Using S_est, this study offers an approach and a spreadsheet program to estimate true species richness even though the number of singletons is uncertain.
Keywords:
Documenting Disability History in Western Pennsylvania
Authors: Malley Bridget 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Disability history is everyone's history. However, existing archival literature on disability focuses almost exclusively on issues of accessibility. Relatively little has been written on the challenges and opportunities present in strengthening disability history representation in archives. The author uses their experience as a contractor for a regional nonprofit to explore the nature of working with community members to strengthen disability history representation in archives and proposes documentation strategy as an ideal framework for such collaborations.
A Method of Circular Scleral Buckle Length Calculation in Retinal Detachment Surgery
Authors: Kazaykin V. N. , Kleymenov A. Yu. , Murashova E. M. , Chashchin G. V. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To develop a method of circular buckle length calculation for optimization of circular scleral buckling in retinal detachment surgery.Methods. At the first stage of the study a formula for calculation of optimal circular scleral buckle length for patients with various axial length (AL) of the eyeball was developed (90 eyes). These healthy eyes were divided into three groups, 30 eyes in each: group 1 — AL 19 to 23.5 mm, group 2 — AL 23.6 to 27 mm, group 3 — AL over 27 mm. In all the groups AL and equatorial diameter of the eyeball were measured with ultrasound A- and B- scanning (Тomey UD8000, Tomey AL 3000). Mathematic estimation of equatorial eyeball diameter dependence on AL was performed using correlation and regression analysis and the formula for optimal circular buckle length calculation was derived. At the second stage the derived formula was used in clinic during retinal detachment surgery in 15 eyes of 15 patients aged 28 to 44 years (37.6 ± 2.6) with subtotal retinal detachment occupying 2 to 3 quadrants. Follow-up period was 1 to 4 months (2.3 ± 0.5). For control, in all patient’s intraoperative measurement of the eyeball circumference in equatorial zone was performed.Results. The first step of the study revealed high correlation coefficient (r) between AL and equatorial eyeball diameter in groups 1 and 2, 0.89 and 0.87, respectively. In group 3 correlation coefficient was 0.57 which shows moderate correlation between AL and equatorial eyeball diameter. Group 3 (AL > 27 mm) was not included in deriving the formula for circular buckle length calculation. Finally, regression equation was obtained and the following formula for circular buckle length calculation was derived: L = 0.9π (8.05 + 0.66 AL), where L — circular buckle length, π = 3.14, AL — axial length of the eyeball. At the second stage of the study (eyes with AL less than 27 mm) anatomical attachment of the retina was achieved in all 15 cases (100 %), elevation of the buckle was 1.44 to 1.6 mm (1.5 ± 0.02), circular buckle shortening made 10 % of the initial eyeball diameter. Control measurement of eyeball diameter in equatorial zone coincided with calculated values, that is, equaled the data obtained from presented formula and from preoperative ultrasound measurement of equatorial eyeball diameter.Conclusions. The derived formula for circular buckle length calculation is highly effective for eyes with AL less than 27 mm: provides optimal height of impression roll (approximately 1.5 mm), reduces the risk of postoperative complications, it is simple in use and shortens the operation time. For calculation of circular buckle length for eyes with AL over 27 mm it is reasonable to use the data of preoperative ultrasound A-scan measurement of equatorial diameter of the eyeball.
The Assessment of Morphological and Functional Changes in the Detection of the Initial Stage of Primary Glaucoma
Authors: Kurysheva N. I. , Lepeshkina L. V. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose — to study morphological and functional changes in the detection of primary glaucoma progression.Patients and methods. 128 patients (128 eyes, among them — 64 eyes with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and 64 with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG)) with the initial MD of –6.0 dB were examined at the Ophthalmology Center of the FMBA of Russia from May 2016 to November 2019. The values of corneal-compensated IOP were also considered: minimal (IOPmin), peak (IOPmax) and its fluctuations (IOPfluct). The progression was measured using standard automated perimetry (SAP) and spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT). During the observation period, each patient received the average of 8.42 ± 2.08 SAP and SD-OCT. Progressive thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and its ganglion cell complex (GCC) were evaluated using SD-OCT. If RNFL and/or GCC had a trend of significant (p < 0.05) thinning, the eye was classified as having the SD-OCT progression. The correlation between the rate of progression detected by SAP (ROP1) using thinning of RNFL (ROP2) and GCC (ROP3) with other clinical parameters was analyzed.Results and discussion. Glaucoma progression was detected in 73 eyes. While the isolated use of SAP did not allow detecting progression, it was possible to detect it in 39 % cases by SD-OCT. The combination of both methods allowed detecting progression in 57 %. In both forms, ROP1 correlated with IOPmin: in PACG r = 0.41, p = 0.023 and in POAG r = 0.43, p = 0.016. In PACG, ROP2 and ROP3 correlated with the foveal choroid thickness: r = 0.46, p = 0.019 and r = 0.47, p = 0.009, respectively. At the same time, ROP3 was associated with peak IOP (r = –0.402, p = 0.025); the correlation of peak IOP with its fluctuations amounted to 0.7 (p < 0.001).Conclusion. SD-OCT is more informative than SAP in determining the progression of the initial primary glaucoma. The combination of these two methods 1.5 times increases the possibility of detecting progression in comparison with the isolated use of SD-OCT. The choroid thickness, associated with the IOP fluctuations, plays an important role in the progression of PACG.
Clinical and Genetic Correlations of Inherital Retinal Disease with Mutations in the ABCA4 Gene by Patients of the Russian Population
Authors: Zolnikova I. V. , Kadyshev V. V. , Marakhonov A. V. , Chernyak A. B. , Milash S. V. , Bobrovskaya Yu. A. , Urakova N. A. , Kokoeva N. Sh. , Kutsev S. I. , Zinchenko R. A. 
Published: December 2021

Aim: to study genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with inherited retinal diseases with mutations in ABCA4 gene in Russian Federation.Patients and methods. 21 patients from Russian population aged from 7 to 51 years old (mean age 20 ± 11 years with best-corrected visual acuity from 0,02 to 0,6 (0,14 ± 0,11) with ABCA4-associated retinopathy, verified by molecular genetics methods. All patients besides standard ophthalmic examination and photodocumentation were performed Spectral-Domain OCT and fundus autofluorescence on Spectralis ®HRA+OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). Full-field electroretinogram (ERG), 30-Hz flicker ERG and macular chromatic ERG (MERG) to red stimulus were recorded on electroretinographic system MBN (MBN, Russia). (Russia) Molecular genetic studies were performed using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Sandger direct sequencing. Results: In ABCA4-associated Stargardt disease 1 type (STGD1) genotype [p.L541P, p.A1038V] of «frequent» mutations was revealed in 9 patients, in 2 cases in was associated another “frequent” mutation p.G1961E. In 4 patients with genotype [p.L541P, p.A1038V] “severe” phenotype of Stargardt disease was found: with large defect of the ellipsoid zone and large zone of central reduced autofluorescence, severely subnormal macular ERG (MERG) to red stimulus and subnormal 30 Hz flicker and full-field maximal ERG. In one patient with these mutations in homozygous state ABCA4-associated cone-rod dystrophy (CORD3, clinically looking alike secondary retinal dystrophy is diagnosed. In 2 patients with genotype [p.L541P, p.A1038V] and mutation p.G1961E was found mild phenotype. One patient with homozygous mutation p.R653C autosomal recessive ABCA4-associated retinitis pigmentosa (RP19) was diagnosed. Clinical picture and autofluorescence were polymorphic in all patients.Conclusions. Our study with ophthalmological, molecular genetics and instrumental methods widens the spectrum of clinical signs of inherited eye diseases associated with mutations in АВСА4 gene, widens the spectrum mutations in Russian Federation and reveals clinicо-genetic genotype-phenotype correlations.
New Possibilities of Antibiotic Therapy for Blepharoconjunctivitis in Children
Authors: Efimova E. L. , Brzheskiy V. V. 
Published: December 2021

The problem of drug therapy for bacterial eye infections in children has remained relevant for many years. The greatest interest of ophthalmologists in recent years is associated with the use of fluoroquinolones in the treatment of inflammatory eye diseases of the bacterial etiology. At the same time, new ophthalmic dosage forms of fluoroquinolones that have appeared in recent years naturally require additional research on their effectiveness.Objective: to study the clinical efficacy of the antibacterial drug Oftocypro (0.3 % cyprofloxacin in ophthalmic ointment) in the treatment of chronic blepharoconjunctivitis in children.Materials. The study involved 38 children aged 3 to 18 years (mean age 10.3 ± 2.7 years) with clinical manifestations of blepharoconjunctivitis. All patients were divided into 2 groups of equal size: 18 children (36 eyes) — with bacterial blepharoconjunctivitis and 20 (40) — with chlamydial blepharoconjunctivitis. The diagnosis was verified based on the clinical picture of blepharoconjunctivitis and laboratory data: detection of pathogenic microflora in the conjunctival cavity of patients of the first group and chlamydia antigen — in epithelial cells in scraping material from the conjunctiva by immunohistochemical analysis.Results. The analysis of the data obtained during the examination and treatment of children with blepharoconjunctivitis of bacterial etiology (group I), a reliable dynamics of controlled clinical and laboratory parameters was established. There was a significant positive dynamics of all controlled parameters of the clinical course of chronic bacterial blepharoconjunctivitis against the background of the drug Oftocipro ophthalmic ointment 0.3 % use. All children with chronic chlamydial blepharoconjunctivitis with the background of treatment with Oftocypro, ophthalmic ointment 0.3 %, showed a steady tendency towards relief of the estimated clinical signs of the disease. According to the results of laboratory studies, it was found that on the 28th day of treatment with Oftocypro chlamydia in the cells of the epithelium of the conjunctiva was re-detected in 4 out of 20 patients (20 %).Conclusion. The high efficacy of the drug Oftocypro ophthalmic ointment 0.3 %, in combination with the absence of pronounced side effects, makes it possible to recommend this drug for wider practical use.
A Clinical Case of Two-Stage Visual-Functional Rehabilitation of a Patient with Postinfectious Central Corneal Opacity in Combination with Mixed Astigmatism Using Laser Keratorefractive Surgery
Authors: Maychuk N. V. , Mushkova I. A. , Obraztsova M. R. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: to evaluate the clinical and functional results of two-stage treatment in a patient with post-infectious Central corneal opacity combined with mixed astigmatism.Patient and methods. Patient N., 19 years old with postinfectious (postherpetic) Central corneal opacity, mixed astigmatism was examined and operated using two-stage corneal laser treatment. To determine the possibility of surgical treatment of the patient, a complex of General ophthalmology was performed (checking visual acuity near and far in natural conditions and in conditions of drug-induced mydriasis, IOP measurement, autorefractometry, examination of visual fields, A- and Bscanning, ophthalmoscopy with examination of the Central and peripheral areas of the fundus), as well as special (keratopography and Scheimpflug camera examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the anterior segment of the eye with analysis of the epithelial map, quantitative assessment (Schirmer test-1) and qualitative (tear film rupture time) lachrymal products, assessment of the epithelium state when stained with vital dyes and infrared meibography) research methods. To determine the activity of herpetic infection, PCR diagnostics were performed. The follow-up period was 2 years.Results and discussion. To achieve high visual-functional rehabilitation while preserving the native lens, a two-stage treatment algorithm was developed using technologies of laser corneal refractive surgery. At the first stage, in order to regularize the ocular surface and eliminate Central corneal opacity, an inverted topographically oriented PRK was performed; at the second stage, residual refractive errors were corrected using topographically oriented FemtoLASIK technology.Conclusion. According to the results of a literature search and analysis of Internet resources, there were no previously recorded and published works using a similar two-stage method. Therefore, the described clinical case justifies the relevance and novelty of the goal and has an evidence-based Foundation for the use of a two-stage laser keratorefractive treatment system in the ophthalmological practice of visual and functional rehabilitation of patients with Central corneal opacity in combination with mixed astigmatism or hypermetropic refraction. The two-year postoperative follow-up period showed stable and high visual-functional results with no recurrence of the inflammatory process.
Prospective study of maternal outcomes in primigravida with gestational diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care centre Venjaramood, Thiruvananthapuram
Authors: Kuriakose Lency S. , Nair Bhavani L. , Radha Prameeda P. 
Published: December 2021

Background: The prevalence of Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is on the rise. Understanding the various outcomes of it is essential to face this challenge. The aim of the study was to understand the maternal outcomes of GDM in primigravida and to compare the maternal outcomes in primigravida with GDM and without GDM.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Venjaramood, Thiruvananthapuram, on 180 primigravida mothers,90 with and 90 without gestational diabetes. GDM was diagnosed with IADPSG criteria using 75 g Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).Results: A total of 180 primigravida with singleton gestation, 90 with GDM and 90 without GDM were followed from pregnancy to delivery after fulfilling criteria during study period. 65.6% GDM mothers had good compliance with Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) and exercise. 88.8% of GDM mothers required induction of labour, 13.3% had pregnancy induced hypertension, 12.2% had vulvovaginal candidiasis and 10% had postpartum hemorrhage. Thus, women with GDM on MNT or MNT with insulin had a higher risk of adverse maternal outcomes but was comparable to normoglycemic mothers if they had good compliance to MNT or insulin.Conclusions: Women with GDM had a higher but comparable risk of adverse maternal outcomes as compared to normoglycemic pregnant mothers, if they strictly adhere to MNT with or without insulin reflecting the importance of good treatment compliance.