bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal cord infarction and peripheral extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a case series
Authors: Gangahanumaiah Shivanand , Zhu Michael , Summerhayes Robyn , Marasco Silvana F 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) is increasingly utilized in patients with cardiogenic shock due to improved technology and outcomes. Peripheral VA ECMO offers several advantages over central ECMO and is becoming increasingly popular. However, when configured via the femoral vessels, retrograde flow to the descending aorta and arch of aorta competes with antegrade ventricular output and can be associated with a watershed phenomenon and increased risk of neurologic and visceral injury.

Case summary
In this case series, we report three patients who were supported with peripheral VA ECMO for cardiogenic shock. All three were successfully weaned from peripheral VA ECMO; however, they had developed bilateral lower limb paralysis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed spinal cord infarction in all three patients. All patients subsequently succumbed to multiorgan failure and did not survive to hospital discharge.

Discussion
The use of mechanical circulatory support, in particular, peripheral ECMO, has escalated with advances in technology, better understanding of cardiac physiology and improving outcomes. Spinal cord infarction is a rare but serious complication of peripheral VA ECMO support with only a few case reports published. Further studies are needed to identify the exact cause and prevention of this rare but often terminal complication. Through this series of three patients supported on peripheral VA ECMO complicated by spinal cord infarction, we review previously published reports, analyse possible mechanisms, and propose alternate management strategies to be considered in patients at risk.
Checkpoint activation drives global gene expression changes in Drosophila nuclear lamina mutants
Authors: Kitzman Samuel Cole , Duan Tingting , Pufall Miles A , Geyer Pamela K 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe nuclear lamina (NL) lines the inner nuclear membrane. This extensive protein network organizes chromatin and contributes to the regulation of transcription, DNA replication, and repair. Lap2-emerin-MAN1 domain (LEM-D) proteins are key members of the NL, representing proteins that connect the NL to the genome through shared interactions with the chromatin-binding protein Barrier-to-Autointegration Factor (BAF). Functions of the LEM-D protein emerin and BAF are essential during Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis. Indeed, loss of either emerin or BAF blocks germ cell development and causes loss of germline stem cells, defects linked to the deformation of NL structure, and non-canonical activation of Checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2). Here, we investigate the contributions of emerin and BAF to gene expression in the ovary. Profiling RNAs from emerin and baf mutant ovaries revealed that nearly all baf misregulated genes were shared with emerin mutants, defining a set of NL-regulated genes. Strikingly, loss of Chk2 restored the expression of most NL-regulated genes, identifying a large class of Chk2-dependent genes (CDGs). Nonetheless, some genes remained misexpressed upon Chk2 loss, identifying a smaller class of emerin-dependent genes (EDGs). Properties of EDGs suggest a shared role for emerin and BAF in the repression of developmental genes. Properties of CDGs demonstrate that Chk2 activation drives global misexpression of genes in the emerin and baf mutant backgrounds. Notably, CDGs were found upregulated in lamin-B mutant backgrounds. These observations predict that Chk2 activation might have a general role in gene expression changes found in NL-associated diseases, such as laminopathies.
Health Confidence Is Associated With Disease Outcomes and Health Care Utilization in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tse Chung Sang , Siegel Corey A , Weaver S Alandra , Oliver Brant J , Bresee Catherine , van Deen Welmoed K , Melmed Gil Y 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
We aimed to examine the associations between health confidence (one’s belief on the degree of control on their health and disease), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) outcomes, and health care utilization among adults with IBD.

Methods
In total, 17,205 surveys were analyzed from a cross-sectional sample of IBD patients at 23 gastroenterology (GI) practices participating in the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundations’ IBD Qorus Learning Health System. We used bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between health confidence and disease activity, opioid use, glucocorticoid use, well-being, and health care utilization. We used receiver operating curve analysis to determine a clinically relevant cutoff for health confidence (0-10 Likert scale).

Results
Health confidence was highly correlated with patients’ well-being, symptomatic disease activity, opioid use, and glucocorticoid use (all P &lt; .0001). Health confidence scores &lt;8 had 69% sensitivity for emergency department (ED) visits and 66% for hospitalizations. In patients with inactive disease, patients with low health confidence (&lt;8) were 10 times more likely to call/message the GI office &gt;4 times/month (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 10.3; 95% CI, 6.1-17.3; P &lt; .0001), 3-4 times more likely to have an IBD-related ED visit (aOR, 4.0; 95% CI, 2.9, 5.4. P &lt; .0001), or hospitalization (aOR, 3.0, 95% CI, 2.1, 4.1, P &lt; .0001) compared with patients with high health confidence (≥8).

Conclusions
In a large, national sample of adults with IBD, there were strong associations between patients’ health confidence and multiple disease outcome measures. Health confidence scores &lt;8 on a 0-10 Likert scale may be clinically useful to screen for patients who are at risk for ED visits and hospitalizations.
L-system models for image-based phenomics: case studies of maize and canola
Authors: Cieslak Mikolaj , Khan Nazifa , Ferraro Pascal , Soolanayakanahally Raju , Robinson Stephen J , Parkin Isobel , McQuillan Ian , Prusinkiewicz Przemyslaw 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Artificial neural networks that recognize and quantify relevant aspects of crop plants show great promise in image-based phenomics, but their training requires many annotated images. The acquisition of these images is comparatively simple, but their manual annotation is time-consuming. Realistic plant models, which can be annotated automatically, thus present an attractive alternative to real plant images for training purposes. Here we show how such models can be constructed and calibrated quickly, using maize and canola as case studies.
Contesting the “Corrupt Elites,” Creating the “Pure People,” and Renegotiating the Hierarchies of the International Order? Populism and Foreign Policy-Making in Turkey and Hungary
Authors: Hisarlıoğlu Fulya , Yanık Lerna K , Korkut Umut , Civelekoğlu İlke 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article explores the link between populism and hierarchies in international relations by examining the recent foreign policy-making in Turkey and Hungary—two countries run by populist leaders. We argue that when populists bring populism into foreign policy, they do so by contesting the “corrupt elites” of the international order and, simultaneously, attempt to create the “pure people” transnationally. The populists contest the “eliteness” and leadership status of these “elites” and the international order and its institutions, that is, the “establishment,” that these “elites” have come to represent by challenging them both in discourse and in action. The creation of the “pure people” happens by discursively demarcating the “underprivileged” of the international order as a subcategory based on religion and supplementing them with aid, thus mimicking the distributive strategies of populism, this time at the international level. We illustrate that when populist leaders, insert populism into foreign policies of their respective states, through contesting the “corrupt elites” and creating the “pure people,” the built-in vertical stratification mechanisms of populism that stems from the antagonistic binaries inherent to populism provide them with the necessary superiority and inferiority labels allowing them to renegotiate hierarchies in the international system in an attempt to modify the existing ones or to create new ones.
Development of a Unified National Database of Burn Centers With Colocated Emergency Departments, 2020
Authors: Lu Lily Y , Boggs Krislyn M , Espinola Janice A , Sullivan Ashley F , Cash Rebecca E , Camargo Carlos A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The care of severely burned patients comes with unique requirements for specialized burn centers. The American Burn Association sets guidelines for burn centers and provides a voluntary program to verify their quality of care. However, not all burn centers are verified, and it is unclear which nonverified centers have met requirements set by their state health departments. To compile a complete database of all U.S. emergency departments in facilities with confirmed burn centers, we investigated state requirements to supplement data from the American Burn Association verification process. In 2020, only 13 states set requirements for burn centers; 3 states explicitly required American Burn Association verification, 4 used modified American Burn Association criteria, and 6 used alternate criteria. Only two states had separate requirements for pediatric burn centers. Based on adherence to state and American Burn Association criteria, we identified 90 confirmed burn centers in 2020, 85 of which had emergency departments. Of these 85, 45 (53%) were only verified, 17 (20%) were only state-confirmed, and 23 (27%) were both. Emergency departments in a confirmed burn center were more likely—than those without—to have higher adult and pediatric visit volumes, be academic, be a stroke or trauma (adult or pediatric) center, have a dedicated pediatric area, and have a pediatric emergency care coordinator. We compiled the first unified burn center database that incorporates state and American Burn Association lists. This database can be utilized in future health services research and is available to the public through a smartphone application.
Hepatic Functional Pathophysiology and Morphological Damage Following Severe Burns: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Tapking Christian , Kilian Katja , Hundeshagen Gabriel , Haug Valentin , Teufel Andreas , Houschyar Khosrow S , Kneser Ulrich , Hirche Christoph 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Severe burns are devastating injuries affecting multiple organ systems. Little is known about the influence on the hepatic system and its physiology. This systematic review aimed to assess the current state of research on morphologic liver damage following severe burns. A search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases using PRISMA guidelines. Outcomes included serum levels of transaminases, fatty infiltration, and necrosis. Weighted individual study estimates were used to calculate pooled transaminase levels and necrosis/fatty infiltration rates using a random-effects approach. Risk ratios or odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to describe pooled estimates for risk factors. The literature search retrieved 2548 hits, of which 59 studies were included in qualitative synthesis, and finally 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Studies were divided into those reporting autopsies and those reporting changes of serum transaminase levels. The majority of liver autopsies showed fatty infiltration, 82% (95% CI 39–97%) or necrosis of the liver, 18% (95% CI 13–24%). Heterogeneity in studies on hepatic functional damage following severe burns was high. Only a few were well-designed and published in recent years. Many studies could not be included because of insufficient numerical data. There is a high number of patients dying from burns that present with fatty infiltration or necrosis of hepatic tissue. Transaminases were elevated during the initial days postburn. Further research on how severe burns affect the hepatic function and outcome, especially long-term, is necessary. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO:CRD42020206061.
Semi-analytical model of multiple fractured horizontal well across a discontinuity in a linear composite reservoir
Authors: Ren Junjie , Liu Xiaoxue , Wu Qingxing , Wu Shuai 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Many geologic settings can be treated as linear composite (LC) reservoirs, where linear discontinuities divide the formation into multiple zones with different properties. Although there have been many studies on pressure behavior of production wells in an LC reservoir, most of the studies focus on vertical wells. The modeling of multiple fractured horizontal (MFH) wells in an LC reservoir remains limited. The goal of the present work is to propose a general semi-analytical model of an MFH well situated anywhere in a two-zone LC reservoir. This model can take into account the situation where the horizontal well intersects with the discontinuity and hydraulic fractures are distributed in both the two zones. According to the point-source function method, the semi-analytical solution for an MFH well in LC reservoirs is derived by using superposition principle, fracture discrete scheme and numerical inversion algorithm of Laplace transformation. Type curves of MFH wells far away from a discontinuity and across a discontinuity in an LC reservoir are drawn and analysed, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of some parameters on pressure behavior and rate response of an MFH well across a discontinuity are studied. This research finds that the pressure behavior and rate response of an MFH well across a discontinuity are significantly affected by the well location, properties of hydraulic fractures and formation properties.
Evaluating strategies for estimation of local kinematic parameters in noisy land data: quality versus performance trade-offs
Authors: Bakulin Andrey , Silvestrov Ilya , Protasov Maxim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Modern land seismic data are typically acquired using high spatial trace density with small source and receiver arrays or point sources and sensors. These datasets are challenging to process due to their massive size and relatively low signal-to-noise ratio caused by scattered near-surface noise. Therefore, prestack data enhancement becomes a critical step in the processing flow. Nonlinear beamforming had proved very powerful for 3D land data. However, it requires computationally intensive estimations of local coherency on dense spatial/temporal grids in 3D prestack data cubes. We present an analysis of various estimation methods focusing on a trade-off between computational efficiency and enhanced data quality. We demonstrate that the popular sequential «2 + 2 + 1» scheme is highly efficient but may lead to unreliable estimation and poor enhancement for data with a low signal-to-noise ratio. We propose an alternative algorithm called «dip + curvatures» that remains stable for such challenging data. We supplement the new strategy with an additional interpolation procedure in spatial and time dimensions to reduce the computational cost. We demonstrate that the «dip + curvatures» strategy coupled with an interpolation scheme approaches the «2 + 2 + 1» method's efficiency while it significantly outperforms it in enhanced data quality. We conclude that the new algorithm strikes a practical trade-off between the performance of the algorithm and the quality of the enhanced data. These conclusions are supported by synthetic and real 3D land seismic data from challenging desert environments with complex near surface.
A calculation methodology of fault relative displacement used to study the mechanical characteristic of fault slip
Authors: Wang Hongwei , Shi Ruiming , Deng Daixin , Cui Fan , Jiang Yaodong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Fault slip caused by mining disturbance is a crucial issue that can pose considerable threats to the mine safety. This paper proposes a point-by-point integration calculated methodology of fault relative slip and studies fault instability behavior induced by coal seam mining. A physical model with the existence of a fault and an extra-thick rock stratum is constructed to simulate the fault movement and calculate relative slip using the methodology. The results indicate that the fault relative slip can be regarded as a dynamic evolution process from local slip to global slip on the fault surface. The movement of surrounding rock masses near the fault experiences three stages, including along vertical downward, parallel to the fault and then approximately perpendicular to the fault. There will be an undamaged zone in the extra-thick rock strata when the mining face is near the fault structure. The collapse and instability of this undamaged zone could induce a violent fault relative slip. In addition, the influence of dip angles on the fault relative slip is also discussed. A formula for risk of fault relative slip is further proposed by fitting the relative displacement curves with different fault dip angles.
The preferential accumulation and the settling velocity of small heavy particles in Taylor–Couette flows
Authors: Yang Tzu-Sen , Shy Shenqyang (Steven) 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
In a gap between two concentric cylinders, we discover that the small heavy particle settling velocity (Vs) is greater than its associated terminal velocity (Vt) in featureless turbulence that is generated by counter-rotating inner and outer cylinders simultaneously. The peak enhancement of Vs occurs at St × (Vt/u′) ∼ 1, where u′ and St are, respectively, the r.m.s. turbulence fluctuation velocity and the Stokes number defined as the ratio between the particle response time to the Kolmogorov turbulence time. The present (Vs − Vt)/u′ data as a function of St measured by the high-speed particle imaging velocimetry are compared with previous experimental results obtained from different turbulent flow configurations in an attempt to gain further understandings of the complicated interactions between small heavy particles and featureless turbulence with negligible mean velocities. Moreover, it is found that small heavy particles are preferentially accumulated around the edges of an array of counter-rotating turbulent Taylor vortices with the inner cylinder rotation alone when a time ratio between particle response and Taylor vortices is near unity. These experimental results are interesting that may deserve to disseminate in our fluid mechanics community.
Genotypic variation of plant biomass under nitrogen deficiency is positively correlated with conservative economic traits in wheat
Authors: Huang Guanjun , Fang Qing , Peng Shaobing , Li Yong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Plant functional traits, including leaf and root economic traits, are important for understanding the composition and function of ecosystems. However, plant functional traits of crop species and the relationships between them, and their responses to environmental variations are not fully understood. In the present study, the traits in the leaf and root economics spectrum (LES and RES) and plant biomass were investigated in 14 wheat genotypes grown with sufficient or limited nitrogen (N) supply. We found that N had significant impacts on the LES and RES traits and on the relationships among them. Our results generally supported the hypothesized LES, but did not support the RES or plant economics spectrum concept among wheat plants regardless of N treatment. More importantly, we found that more conservative leaf and root economic traits are beneficial for shoot biomass accumulation in wheat plants grown with limited N supply, and for the improvement in the tolerance of wheat to N stress. The data presented suggest that growth conditions should be accounted for when studying trait-to-trait relationships, and that more conservative resource use strategies could be used as promising targets for wheat breeding programs with limited N input.
The Sum is Greater Than the Parts: Aligning Graduate Allied and Medical Health Education at a Training Institution
Authors: Bonjour Timothy J , True Mark W , Mu Thornton , Faux Brian M , Valdez Michelle M , Umlauf Jon A , Morris Michael J , Button Christopher J , Matos Renée I 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Analysis of military Graduate Medical Education (GME) remains in the discussion forefront as resources continue to face scrutiny along with military-specific obligation challenges. The Military Health System Quadruple Aim of Better Care, Better Health, Lower Cost, and Increased Readiness continues to drive debate of the right approach to both GME and Graduate Allied Health education. In this paper, we expand the discussion beyond traditional physician-focused GME and include the military’s highly trained allied health specialists. Graduate Allied Health medical providers provide quality and effective medical care to the military’s service members and dependents. These specialists also carry a significant deployment and operational medicine footprint complimenting core physician medical specialties delivering cost-efficient, optimal patient care and providing a ready force. This paper addresses GME and GAH interprofessionalism, institutional culture endorsement, patient safety, increasing demand, research productivity, and encouraging physician retention altogether benefiting the Military Health System. This institution’s support for the interprofessional GME model works well, expanding physician and GAH specialists’ professional application and knowledge while garnering mutual respect across all medical disciplines ultimately benefiting all.
Impact of social support on severity of depressive symptoms by remission status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Yasuoka Mikako , Kojima Toshihisa , Waguri-Nagaya Yuko , Saito Tami , Takahashi Nobunori , Asai Shuji , Sobue Yasumori , Nishiume Tsuyoshi , Suzuki Mochihito , Mitsui Hiroto , Kawaguchi Yohei , Kuroyanagi Gen , Kamiji Koto , Watanabe Miki , Suzuki Sadao , Kondo Katsunori , Ojima Toshiyuki , Kojima Masayo 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
We aimed to examine the psychosocial characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by remission status and determine the impacts of social support on severity of depressive symptoms.

Methods
We enrolled RA patients aged 40–79 years who visited university hospitals’ outpatient clinics. Severity of depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II), physical disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire), and support were evaluated. Furthermore, RA disease activity was evaluated by 28-point Disease Activity Score (DAS28) calculation. The independent impacts of instrumental and emotional social support on depressive symptoms by remission status defined as DAS28 score &lt; 2.6 were estimated by multivariable regression analysis.

Results
This study included 360 RA patients. In the remission group, emotional support showed a statistically significant negative impact on depressive symptoms, whereas instrumental support had an extremely limited contribution to severity of depressive symptoms. In the non-remission group, instrumental support showed a negative tendency of impact on severity of depressive symptoms, whereas emotional support had a wide range of influence.

Conclusions
Favourable association between emotional support and depressive symptoms is confirmed only among RA patients in remission status. The influence of emotional support in non-remission patients and that of instrumental support regardless of remission status are inconclusive.