bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time‐varying formation control with attitude synchronization of multiple rigid body systems
Authors: Wang Tianqi , Huang Jie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, we study the leader‐following formation control problem for a group of rigid body systems whose followers' motions are described by dual quaternion equations. A few features are as follows. First, we introduce an exosystem to generate the leader's trajectory as well as the formation configuration, which can produce a large class of time‐varying signals so that we can achieve a variety of time‐varying formations. Second, to overcome the communication constraint described by a digraph, we extend the distributed observer to estimate not only the desired attitude and angular velocity but also the leader's position and linear velocity. Third, a novel distributed control law is synthesized to furnish a rigorous performance analysis of the closed‐loop system. The effectiveness of our design is illustrated by a numerical example.
CRISPR/Cas12a Powered DNA Framework‐Supported Electrochemical Biosensing Platform for Ultrasensitive Nucleic Acid Analysis
Authors: Su Jing , Ke Yuqing , Maboyi Nokuzola , Zhi Xiao , Yan Sijia , Li Fuwu , Zhao Bo , Jia Xiaolong , Song Shiping , Ding Xianting 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNucleic acid analysis using ultrasensitive and simple methods is critically important for the early‐stage diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The CRISPR/Cas proteins, guided by a single‐stranded RNA have shown incredible capability for sequence‐specific targeting and detection. Herein, in order to improve and expand the application of CRISPR/Cas technology to the electrochemical interface‐based nucleic acids analysis, the authors develop a CRISPR/Cas12a powered DNA framework‐supported electrochemical biosensing platform via the cis and trans cleavage of Cas12a on the heterogeneous carbon interface (the existing publications which commonly adopted trans‐cleavage). Their solid‐liquid interface is first immobilized by 3D tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (FNAs) with specific DNA recognition probe. Based on the recognition of the complementary target through protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) confirmation and CRISPR‐derived RNA (crRNA) matching, the easily formed Cas12a/crRNA duplex can get access to the interface, and the cis and trans cleavage of Cas12a can be easily activated. In combination with the enzyme catalyzed reaction, they achieved an ultralow limit of detection (LOD) of 100 fm in HPV‐16 detection without pre‐amplification. Furthermore, the platform is compatible with a spike‐in human serum sample and has superior stability. Thus, their reported platform offers a practical, versatile, and amplification‐free toolbox for ultrasensitive nucleic acid analysis.
Kafka als Lektor eines Röntgenstrahlen-Romans. Die Beziehung zu Ernst Weiss
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Prager Franz Kafka mithin als so etwas wie ein Pendant zum Wiener Robert Musil samt dessen Begeisterung für die neuen Naturwissenschaften: In diesem Zeichen stand jedenfalls die Beziehung zwischen den beiden Pragern Franz Kafka und Ernst Weiss, von der im Folgenden zu berichten sein wird. Im Sommer des Kriegsausbruchs, einem sehr heissen Sommer übrigens, im Juni/Juli 1914 redigierte Kafka zusammen mit Ernst Weiss dessen (da bereits im Druck erschienenen) Roman Die Galeere.
Konsequenzen, die der Autor Kafka zog, oder: Das physikalische, elektromagnetische Experiment als Inspirationsquelle – eine Beweisführung aus dem Geiste der „Dritten Kultur“
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungMan lebte, wie ausgeführt, damals bereits in einer Gesellschaft, in der der soziale Bahnwechsel (vornehmlich in Form der Judenassimilation) gang und gäbe geworden war. Eine solche Gesellschaft ist nicht mehr mechanisch zu nennen.
Variationen des Lichts. Auf dem Weg zu einem „electrischen Prometheus“: Das göttliche Licht der Gerechtigkeit
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungZuerst aber einen Besuch beim weimarischen Olympier Goethe als dem Gegenspieler Newtons: Es ging zwischen den beiden, wie immer sie keine Zeitgenossen waren, stets um das Licht als ein – auf jeden Fall in Goethes Denken – zentrales, göttliches Element.
Kafkas Lichtroman „Der Verschollene“, oder: Eine amerikanische Richterwahl im falschen Licht, Amazonenkampf versus Jiu-Jitsu
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungNun zu den Widersprüchen in der Schluss-Utopie des Kafka’schen Verschollenen, die abschliessend und zusammenfassend noch einmal ins Zentrum der Betrachtung rücken sollen.
Zur Position des „elektrischen“ Erzählers
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungNicht die Differenz. Sondern das Übereinstimmende ist festzuhalten: Dass die Funktion des Erzählers eine andere sein muss, als noch im Bildungsroman mit seinem Ideal der stabilen, ein für alle Mal traditionell festgelegten Bahnen, wenn von der modernen Welt (und im Bezugsrahmen einer „Dritten Kultur“) überhaupt noch „erzählt“ werden können soll. Denn in dieser unserer modernsten Welt scheint ja der Bahnwechsel keine Ausnahme, sondern die Regel darzustellen.
Water Erosion and Sediment Transport in an Ungauged Semiarid Area: The Case of Hodna Basin in Algeria
Authors: Djoukbala Omar , Hasbaia Mahmoud , Benselama Oussama , Hamouda Boutaghane , Djerbouai Salim , Ferhati Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study aims to estimate the eroded and transported sediment yields from the The Hodna basin (26,000 km2) situated in central Algeria by two approaches. In the first model, the data of the gauged subbasins are extrapolated to the ungauged areas based on the homogeneity of factors that influence the water erosion-sediment transport process. In this approach, the specific eroded and transported sediment yield in the Hodna basin is estimated to be 425 t/km2/yr. In an alternative approach, the eroded yield is estimated by mapping erosion using the (RUSLE) in a GIS environment. The obtained results show a high eroded sediment yield of approximately 610 t/km2/yr.The observed difference between the results of the two approaches can be explained by the amount of sediment that is eroded but is not transported by runoff.These two methods show high eroded and transported sediment yield values in the Hodna basin region; these high yields may seriously threaten the central flat zone with progressive deposition.
Reservoir Sediment Management Practices in Sudan: A Case Study of Khashm El-Girba Dam
Authors: Adam Elhadi , Suleiman Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe sedimentation problem is a hot issue currently affecting the operations of reservoirs and irrigation networks in Sudan. Most of the rivers that cross Sudanese borders come from the Eastern African Plateau, which acts as a sediment source for the Nile River and its tributaries. Khashm el-Girba Dam (KEGD), which crosses the Atbara River in Eastern Sudan, is a multipurpose dam that was constructed in 1964. The Atbara River is a branch of the Nile River system, and the river carries a large amount of sediment during the flood period. Seven years after construction, in 1970, the dam faced a critical problem that could have led to a disaster; it was discovered that, due to sediment deposition, the water storage was not enough to satisfy the downstream requirements. This study discusses the sediment management practices used in KEGD and their impacts on maintaining the reservoir capacity. Practices including operation policy (OP), trap efficiency (TE), sluicing, sediment sluicing, and flushing operation (FO) were discussed. The adopted management practices succeeded in removing a considerable amount of silt and maintaining the lifetime of the reservoir.
Land Administration, Chiefs, and Governance in Ghana
Authors: Amanor Kojo S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis chapter examines the role of chiefs in the administration of land in Ghana within a historical framework dating back to the pre-colonial period. It examines the relationship between the dynamic of internal political factors and of international pressures for governance reforms. It argues that while present land governance reforms fit into the framework of market liberal governance reforms advocated by international financial institutions and the USA, the origins of the present role of chiefs in land administration date back to the political coalitions that came to dominance following the overthrow of Nkrumah in 1966. Although these appeal to notions of community, they are also based on a coalition of national elites with traditional authorities, which enables rural resources to be appropriated for capital accumulation with the connivance of chiefs who give legal authority to these transactions, through the customary notion that they are the owners of the land. The chiefs are closely connected with national elites, and many prominent politicians originate from chiefly families. It is argued that current reforms strengthen the process of private acquisition of land rather than the user rights of smallholders and their ability to resist expropriation.
Politics of Land Resource Management in Mozambique
Authors: Aminaka Akiyo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMozambique’s 1997 Land Law was praised by international donors and the country’s own civil society for its democratic and open drafting process. The process included public hearings throughout the country and the recognition of customary law. However, once it became operational, there were many instances of so-called land grabbing. This chapter argues that the reason for this lies in the political operation of the law rather than in the technicalities of its application. This chapter aims to explore the political dynamics in Mozambique that distort the implementation of the Land Law of 1997. The land law in Mozambique was developed with the technical support of international donors, and the government of Mozambique followed these external trends in the expectation of receiving financial support and private investment while it also reflected the axis of conflictin Mozambique’s domestic politics. The case studies show that the operation of land law has resulted in the emergence of party-political oppositional axes in rural areas. These facts suggest that the specific political environment strongly influences the process of law-making and implementation. Mozambique’s political environment is an obstacle to achieving the law’s original objectives of establishing rights to land resources and social stability.
Imaging of the medial collateral ligament of the knee: a systematic review
Authors: Meyer P. , Reiter A. , Akoto R. , Steadman J. , Pagenstert G. , Frosch K. H. , Krause M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction
The primary aim of this investigation was to systematically review relevant literature of various imaging modalities (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), stress radiography and ultrasonography) in the assessment of patients with a medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury.

Materials and methods
A systematic literature review of articles indexed in PubMed and Cochrane library was performed. Original research reporting data associated with medial gapping, surgical, and clinical findings associated with MCL injuries were considered for inclusion. The methodological quality of each inclusion was also assessed using a verified tool.

Results
Twenty-three imaging studies (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) n = 14; ultrasonography n = 6; radiography n = 3) were ultimately included into the review. A total of 808 injured, and 294 control, knees were assessed. Interobserver reliabilities were reported in radiographic and ultrasonographic investigations with almost perfect agreement. MRI studies demonstrated agreement ranging between substantial to almost perfect. Intraobserver reliability was only reported in radiographic studies pertinent to medial gapping and was found to be almost perfect. Correlation of MRI with clinical findings was moderate to strong (65–92%). Additionally, MRI imaging was more sensitive in the detection of MCL lesions when compared to clinical examination. However, when compared to surgical findings, MRI underestimated the grade of instability in up to 21% of cases. Furthermore, MRI showed relatively inferior performance in the identification of the exact MCL-lesion location when compared to surgical findings. Interestingly, preoperative clinical examination was slightly inferior to stress radiography in the detection of MCL lesions. However, clinical testing under general anaesthesia performed similar to stress radiography. The methodological quality analysis showed a low risk of bias regarding patient selection and index testing in each imaging modality.

Conclusion
MRI can reliably diagnose an MCL lesion but demonstrates limitations in its ability to predict the specific lesion location or grade of MCL instability. Ultrasonography is a widely available, radiation free modality, but is rarely used in clinical practice for detecting MCL lesions and clinical or surgical correlates are scarce. Stress radiography findings correlate with surgical findings but clinical correlations are missing in the literature.

Level of evidence
IV.
Area modulates the effect of elevation but not of land use or canopy on tropical plant species richness
Authors: Hemp Andreas , Del Fabbro Corina , Fischer Markus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOne of the few general patterns in ecology is the increase of species richness with area. However, factors driving species-area relationship (SAR) are under debate, and the role of human-induced changes has been overlooked so far. Furthermore, SAR studies in tropical regions, in particular in multilayered rain forests are scarce. On the other side, studies of global change-induced impacts on biodiversity have become increasingly important, particular in the tropics, where these impacts are especially pronounced. Here, we investigated if area modulates the effect of land use, elevation and canopy on plant species richness. For the first time we studied SAR in multilayered tropical forests considering all functional groups. We selected 13 natural and disturbed habitats on Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, distributed over an elevational range of 3700 m. In each habitat type, we set up three to six modified Whittaker plots. We recorded all plant species in 64 plots and 640 subplots and described SAR using the power function. Area consistently modulated effects of elevation on plant species richness, partly effects of land use but not effects of plant canopy. Thus, area needs to be taken into account when studying elevational plant species richness patterns. In contrast to temperate regions open and forest habitats did not differ in SAR, probably due to a distinct vertical vegetation zonation in tropical forests. Therefore, it is important to consider all vegetation layers including epiphytes when studying SAR in highly structured tropical regions.
Efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection in Chinese patients with advanced breast cancer: a randomized, open-label, active-controlled, single-center, phase II clinical trial
Authors: Wang Leiping , Cao Jun , Li Chunlei , Wang Xiaodong , Zhao Yannan , Li Ting , Du Yiqun , Tao Zhonghua , Peng Wenxia , Wang Biyun , Zhang Jian , Zhang Sheng , Wang Zhonghua , Hu Xichun 
Published: October 2021

SummaryPurpose. This trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection (Lipo-MIT) in advanced breast cancer (ABC). Methods. In this randomized, open-label, active-controlled, single-center, phase II clinical trial, eligible patients were randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to receive Lipo-MIT or mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection (MIT) intravenously. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety outcomes. Results. Sixty patients were randomized to receive Lipo-MIT or MIT. The ORR was 13.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.8–30.7%) for Lipo-MIT and 6.7% (95% CI: 0.8–22.1%) for MIT. The DCR was 50% (95% CI: 31.3–68.7%) with Lipo-MIT vs. 30% (95% CI: 14.7–49.4%) with MIT. The median PFS was 1.92 months (95% CI: 1.75–3.61) for Lipo-MIT and 1.85 months (95% CI: 1.75–2.02) for MIT. The most common toxicity was myelosuppression. Lipo-MIT resulted in an incidence of 86.7% of leukopenia and 80.0% of neutropenia, which was marginally superior to MIT (96.7% and 96.7%, respectively). Lipo-MIT showed a lower incidence of cardiovascular events (13.3% vs. 20.0%) and increased cardiac troponin T (3.3% vs. 36.7%); but higher incidence of anemia (76.7% vs. 46.7%), skin hyperpigmentation (66.7% vs. 3.3%), and fever (23.3% vs. 10.0%) than MIT. Conclusions The clinical benefit parameters of Lipo-MIT and MIT were comparable. Lipo-MIT provided a different toxicity profile, which might be associated with the altered distribution of the drug. Additional study is needed to elucidate the potential benefit of Lipo-MIT in ABC. Clinical trial registration. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (No. NCT02596373) on Nov 4, 2015.
Do students need more information to leave the beaten paths? The impact of a counseling intervention on high school students’ choice of major
Authors: Piepenburg Joachim G. , Fervers Lukas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDespite an almost endless list of possible study programs and occupational opportunities, high school students frequently focus on pursuing a small number of well-known study programs. Students also often follow gender-typical paths and restrict their attention to study programs in which the majority of students consists of same-gendered people. This choice pattern has far-reaching consequences, including persistent gender segregation and an undersupply of graduates in emerging sectors of the industry. Building on rational choice and social psychological theory, we argue that this pattern partly occurs due to information deficits that may be altered by counseling interventions. To assess this claim empirically, we evaluated the impact of a counseling intervention on the intended choice of major among high school students in Germany by means of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). We estimate the effect by instrumental variable estimation to account for two-sided non-compliance. Our results show that the intervention has increased the likelihood that participants will consider less well-known or gender-atypical study programs, particularly for high school students with lower starting levels of information. Supplementary analyses confirm that a positive impact on information seems to be one of the relevant causal mechanisms. These results suggest that counseling services have the potential to guide high school students to less gender-typical and well-known majors, possibly reducing gender segregation and smoothing labor market transitions after graduation.
“Maybe this is Speculative Now” Negotiating and Valuing Interpretations in Qualitative Research
Authors: Berli Oliver 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInterpretation groups, which meet on a regular basis for jointly analysing qualitative data, are well-established in sociology and related disciplines. There are currently at least 71 interpretation groups in German-speaking countries, and there are more if one includes project teams, which meet on a regular basis for data sessions. Yet, there is relatively little knowledge based on empirical research about these groups and their practices. Inspired by studies on social sciences and humanities (SSH), this article examines how “good” interpretations are jointly created in these groups. Prior studies underlined that social scientific methods are productive, i.e., performative. Following this lead, my study turns data analysis in qualitative research into an object of inquiry by investigating how interpretation groups work on textual data. More specifically, this article discusses how these groups negotiate different interpretative options and at the same time evaluate the quality of their results as well as the interpretation process as a whole. In this regard, the approach presented in this article also contributes to the growing literature on valuation and evaluation in science by focusing on communicative devices for valuing and evaluating interpretations.
“Wild Years”: Rock Music, Problem Behaviors and Mental Well-being in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
Authors: Bogt Tom T. , Hale William W. , Becht Andrik 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAdolescent preferences for non-mainstream types of rock music can be markers of adolescent problem behaviors, but no study has ever investigated whether this relationship continues into adulthood. In a six-wave study, 900 Dutch adolescents were followed from ages 12 to 21 (MageT1 12.4, 51.1% girls), while reporting on depressive symptoms, mental well-being, aggression and drug use. A latent class growth analysis on their preferences for specific types of rock music revealed four fan groups. When these fan groups were compared to one another, in adolescence, theall-out rock fansdisplayed the highest peak in depressive symptoms and the lowest dip in well-being and therock/metal fansreported the most aggression. And for both these groups, drug use increased at the onset of adulthood.Pop fansdisplayed a profile characterized by low depressive symptoms and aggression, and high in mental well-being. Finally, thepopular rock fansheld an in-between position between pop fans, on one side, and the all-out rock fans and rock/metal fans, on the other side. Thus, music preferences can be markers of problems, not only in adolescence but also in young adulthood. Still, music can enhance mood, helps to cope with problems, and peers in fan groups can provide support. This research focuses on the relationship between music and problem behaviors, specifically among members of the all-out rock fans and rock/metal fans, but many of these young people might have had more personal problems if they had not had their music and their fan-group peers.
Enactive Ethics: Difference Becoming Participation
Authors: Di Paolo Ezequiel A. , De Jaegher Hanne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEnactive cognitive science combines questions in epistemology, ontology, and ethics by conceiving of bodies as open-ended and mutually transforming through activity. While enaction is not a theory of ethics, it can contribute to its foundations. We present a schematization of enactive ideas that underlie traditional distinctions between Being, Knowing, and Doing. Ethics in this scheme begins in the relation between knowing and becoming. Critical of dichotomous thinking, we approach the questions of alterity and ethical reality. Alterity is relevant to the enactive approach, but not in the radical sense of transcendental arguments. We propose difference, instead, as a more generative concept. Following Simondon, we see norms and values manifest in webs of past and future acts together with their potentialities for becoming. We propose a transindividual concept of moral attunement that includes ethical know-how and consciousness raising. Through generative difference and attunement to configurations of becoming, enaction underpins an ethics of participation linking virtue ethics and ethics of care.