bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a nurse‐supervised rehabilitation programme on clinical features and systemic inflammation in Chinese children with asthma: A propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Ha Hai‐xia , Hong Yan , Chen Yuan , Yang Guan‐shan , Zhou Jing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsTo evaluate whether a nurse‐supervised rehabilitation programmes could improve respiratory functions and systematic inflammation in children with asthma.BackgroundChildren with asthma always suffer from poor life quality, and physical training and pulmonary rehabilitation could be beneficial to asthma.DesignA retrospective, observational, single‐centre cohort analysis.MethodBaseline characteristics between the nurse‐supervised rehabilitation programme and usual‐care groups were matched by propensity‐score matching (PSM) in a 1:1 ratio. We compared the lung function and inflammatory markers between groups.ResultsAmong 52 pairs of children, differences in lung function were improved in the nurse‐supervised rehabilitation group compared with those in usual‐care group, including the oxygen saturation, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced expiratory flow of 25%–75% and peak expiratory flow (all P < 0.05). Two asthma‐related inflammatory markers (hypersensitive C‐reactive protein and immunoglobulin E) also significantly decreased in the nurse‐supervised rehabilitation group (both P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe results indicate that the nurse‐supervised rehabilitation programme might be effective in improving symptom control, respiratory functions and systemic inflammation in children with asthma. The study suggests that the NSR for asthma merits further research.
Issue Politicization in the European Parliament. An Analysis of Parliamentary Questions for Oral Answer (2004–19)*
Authors: Guinaudeau Isabelle , Costa Olivier 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article complements analyses of the partisan politicization of the European Parliament from roll‐call votes with an analysis of political groups' use of parliamentary questions. Questions offer an institutional opening for issue politicization and for partisan differentiation. Parliamentary groups have incentives to shape EU policies by drawing the attention to their topics of predilection and by controlling ongoing action. We make use of a new dataset on questions for oral answer (2004–19) to test if this results in European party groups emphasizing differentiated topics in their questions to the Commission and the Council. Our analyses confirm groups' differentiated issue attention. These findings have important implications for understanding the partisan politicization of EU policies and confirming the truly political nature of deliberation in the EP. They reveal patterns of partisan opposition different from those expressed in votes and emphasize the relevance of parliamentary questions as a key institutional window for politicization.
Net design for selective control of the “plague minnow” Gambusia holbrooki that minimises impact on native Australian fishes
Authors: Morgan David L. , Lear Karissa O. , Ebner Brendan C. , Beatty Stephen J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGambusia holbrooki is one of the world's most environmentally damaging introduced species, being notoriously difficult to control once established. A composite double‐winged fyke net comprising four vertically stacked compartments was developed to determine the potential to control G. holbrooki, while reducing negative interactions of this aggressive species with small threatened fishes. The stacked fyke net captured three times as many G. holbrooki as a conventional fyke net while maintaining consistent catches of native fishes relative to that from a conventional fyke net, and detected species‐specific vertical distributions. This stratified net design represents a valuable management option for controlling this agonistic species or for limiting antagonistic interactions between G. holbrooki and native species during typical fyke sampling of native ecosystems.
Risk factors for postoperative bleeding and early death in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Ota Kazuhiro , Takeuchi Toshihisa , Masuda Daisuke , Sanomura Makoto , Kojima Keishi , Nakanishi Yoshihiko , Hoshimoto Masahiro , Higashino Takeshi , Imoto Akira , Okada Toshihiko , Nouda Sadaharu , Miyazaki Hirota , Ozaki Haruhiko , Fukuda Kirie Hashimoto , Kuramoto Takanori , Sugawara Noriaki , Onishi Toshikazu , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Tsujimoto Hiroyuki , Yokoya Yuta , Kawabata Kazumi , Nishida Shinya , Hakoda Akitoshi , Iwatsubo Taro , Kawaguchi Shimpei , Kojima Yuichi , Higuchi Kazuhide 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and AimComprehensive reports on the risk factors for bleeding and early death after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) are limited. In this multicenter study, we retrospectively investigated the risk factors for bleeding and early death after PEG.MethodsPatients (n = 1234) who underwent PEG between 2015 and 2020 at Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University and its affiliated hospitals (11 institutions in total) were evaluated for postoperative bleeding and early death (within 60 days) after PEG according to patient characteristics, construction method, medical history, medications, preoperative hematological findings, and perioperative adverse events. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of bleeding and early death after PEG.ResultsThe risk factors for bleeding after PEG were PEG tube insertion using the modified introducer method (odds ratio [OR], 4.37; P = 0.0003), low platelet count (OR, 0.99; P = 0.014), antiplatelet therapy (OR, 2.11; P = 0.036), and heparinization (OR, 4.50; P = 0.007). Risk factors for early death were low body mass index (BMI) (OR, 0.89; P = 0.015), low serum albumin levels (OR, 0.50; P = 0.035), and comorbidity of active cancer (OR, 4.03; P < 0.0001). There was no significant association between bleeding and early death after PEG.ConclusionsWe identified several risk factors for bleeding and early death after PEG. Risk factors for bleeding were PEG tube insertion using the modified introducer method, low platelet count, antiplatelet therapy, and heparinization. Risk factors for early death were low BMI, low serum albumin levels, and comorbidity of active cancer.
Self‐reported dual sensory impairment, dementia, and functional limitations in Medicare beneficiaries
Authors: Assi Lama , Ehrlich Joshua R. , Zhou Yunshu , Huang Alison , Kasper Judith , Lin Frank R. , McKee Michael M. , Reed Nicholas S. , Swenor Bonnielin K. , Deal Jennifer A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundVision and hearing impairments often co‐exist with dementia, and all are independently associated with limitations in daily activities. Our aim was to examine the association of dual sensory impairment with functional limitations, and further examine the combined estimated association of sensory impairment and dementia with these functional limitations.MethodsCross‐sectional analysis of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a population‐based cohort of Medicare beneficiaries, was performed. Participants were selected from the 2015 round. Survey weighted Poisson regression models adjusted for dementia, demographics, and health status variables examined the association of self‐reported dual sensory impairment (no sensory impairment, single sensory impairment, dual sensory impairment) with scores of limitations in mobility, self‐care, and household activities. Models were repeated to take into account the combined effects of dual sensory impairment and dementia.ResultsOverall, 7124 participants representative of Medicare beneficiaries 65 years or older were included. Of them, 43.9% were 75 years or older and 55.3% were female. Older adults with dual sensory impairment had greater limitations with mobility (prevalence rate ratio [PRR] = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.28–1.63), self‐care (PRR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.25–1.59), and household activities (PRR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.37–1.72) compared with those without sensory impairment. They also had greater limitations than those with a single sensory impairment across the different activity categories. In models taking into account the combined estimated effect of both sensory impairment and dementia, those with dual sensory impairment and dementia had greater limitations than those without sensory impairment or dementia in each category (mobility: PRR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.59–2.14, self‐care: PRR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.59–2.18, household: PRR = 2.41, 95% CI = 2.09–2.77).ConclusionsOlder adults with dual sensory impairment had greater functional limitations compared with those without sensory impairment and those with a single sensory impairment. Strategies to improve visual and/or hearing function (e.g., sensory aids, rehabilitation) could potentially help prevent or minimize disability, even among those with dementia.
Comparison of food and nutrient intake in infants aged 6–12 months, following baby‐led or traditional weaning: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pearce Jo , Langley‐Evans Simon C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundA baby‐led approach to weaning (BLW) encompasses self‐feeding and self‐selecting graspable foods, offering an alternative to traditional weaning (TW). This cross‐sectional study explored adherence to characteristics of BLW and differences in food group exposure and nutrient intake between babies following either TW or BLW.MethodsNutritional data were collected via multiple‐pass 24‐h recall, following parental completion of an online survey.ResultsInfants were grouped according to age (6–8 months; TW [n = 36] and BLW [n = 24]) and (9–12 months; TW [n = 24] and BLW [n = 12]). BLW babies were more likely to be breast fed (p = 0.002), consumed a higher percentage of foods also consumed by their mother (p = 0.008) and were fed less purees (p < 0.001) at 6–8 months. TW babies were spoon fed more (p ≤ 0.001) at all ages. Amongst babies aged 6–8 months, total intake (from complementary food plus milk) of iron (p = 0.021), zinc (p = 0.048), iodine (p = 0.031), vitamin B12 (p = 0.002) and vitamin D (p = 0.042) and both vitamin B12 (p = 0.027) and vitamin D (p = 0.035) from complementary food alone was higher in babies following TW. Compared to TW, BLW babies aged 6–8 months had a higher percentage energy intake from fat (p = 0.043) and saturated fat (p = 0.026) from their milk. No differences in nutrient intake were observed amongst infants aged 9–12 months. Few differences were observed between groups in their number of exposures to specific food groups.ConclusionsTW infants had higher intakes of key micronutrients at 6–8 months, although there were few differences in nutritional intake at 9–12 months or food group exposure between babies following TW or BLW. BLW appears to be socially desirable. Guidance for parents is required, along with larger, longer‐term studies, which explore the potential impact of BLW in later childhood.
Anxiety and related factors among parents of patients with breast cancer after surgery in Japan: A multi‐informant and multilevel study
Authors: Oshiro Rei , Soejima Takafumi , Tada Keiichiro , Suzuki Miho , Ohno Shinji , Yubune Kuniko , Nakamura Seigo , Fukuchimoto Harumi , Takei Junko , Yamauchi Hideko , Kamibeppu Kiyoko 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimAnxiety and its correlates in parents of patients with breast cancer have rarely been studied. We explored anxiety among parents of postoperative patients with breast cancer and its relationship with parents' social support and care needs and patients' anxiety.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey using self‐report questionnaires and medical records was conducted among patients with breast cancer after surgery and their parents at four designated cancer care hospitals between September 2015 and June 2016. Anxiety was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Parents provided information about social support and care needs. Multilevel analysis was performed on patient–parent paired data controlling for patient‐level variation.ResultsParticipants included 107 patients, 83 mothers, and 51 fathers. The mean HADS anxiety scores reported by mothers and fathers were 7.2 and 6.5, respectively, which were higher than patients' HADS anxiety scores. Fulfillment of important care needs was related to lower anxiety among mothers and fathers (estimate = −1.38, p = .01). Lower family support and higher patient anxiety were associated with higher anxiety in mothers, but not fathers.ConclusionsParents of patients with breast cancer had high anxiety. Communication, providing cancer‐related information, and fulfilling care needs can alleviate anxiety in parents of patients with breast cancer after surgery. Furthermore, increasing family support and decreasing patients' anxiety are essential to alleviating mothers' anxiety.
The breastfeeding experiences of COVID‐19‐positive women: A qualitative study in Turkey
Authors: Aşcı Özlem , Demirgöz Bal Meltem , Ergin Ayla 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to determine the breastfeeding experiences of COVID‐19‐positive women.MethodsThis was a qualitative study of 14 women diagnosed with COVID‐19. One‐to‐one telephone interviews were conducted and recorded. The data were analyzed thematically.ResultsThree main themes were identified. Theme 1 was “increased emotional load,” outlining the emotional effects of the disease in the women, such as feeling sad and inadequate, in addition to anxiety and fear. Theme 2 was “breastfeeding during the disease,” which illustrated the effects of the treatment process on the women, the disease‐related symptoms, their influence on breastfeeding attitudes and behavior, and the effects of social media and television. Theme 3 was “perceived social support and need,” defining the social support perceived and expected by the women during isolation with needs.ConclusionWomen who could not get the professional support they expected had to face the difficult choice between taking medical treatment and breastfeeding. Many women refused drug treatment for COVID‐19 and continued to breastfeed with all the resultant emotional and physical difficulties, as they believed in the benefits of mother's milk. The experiences of the women were discussed with an approach that enabled developing health care services further. It was concluded that Turkish health care professionals need to develop an evidence‐based and female‐centered approach for COVID‐19 management in breastfeeding women.
Growth and status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) stock in Lake Chamo, Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Million , Tesfaye Gashaw , Getahun Abebe 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGlobal inland freshwater fisheries support livelihoods for several million people. These important resources, however, are suffering from excessive overfishing as a result of increasing fishing pressures attributable to an increased human population and subsequent demand for food and economic livelihoods. To this end, very little is known about the vital population parameters and stock status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Lake Chamo in Ethiopia. Thus, the present study focused on determining the Nile tilapia population parameters and assessing their stock status in Lake Chamo, using length‐frequency and catch‐effort data collected between February 2018 and January 2019 from commercial fish catches from 10 major fish landing sites. The TropFishR software package was used to determine von Bertalanffy growth parameters, and length‐converted catch curve and empirical models were used to calculate mortality parameters. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and its corresponding level of effort (f
MSY) were determined using the length‐based Thompson & Bell yield prediction model. The growth parameters L
∞, K and Ф′ of the Nile tilapia stock were found to be 59.4‐cm, 0.41/year and 3.16, respectively. The annual rate of total (Z), natural (M) and fishing mortality (F) were estimated to be 2.442, 0.558 and 1.884/year, respectively. The calculated current yield (711 t/year) is lower than the predicted values of MSY (771 t/year). The present level of fishing effort (2564 nets/day) is more than twice higher than the optimum level of fishing effort (1026 nets/day), clearly indicating overfishing of the Nile tilapia stock in the lake. This finding is also substantiated by the high level of exploitation rate (E = 0.771). Thus, a recommendation based on the results of the present study is a 60% reduction in the fishing effort (1538 nets/day), which will also provide a higher fish yield. The results of the present study also are useful facilitate development of appropriate management strategies for the Nile tilapia fishery in Lake Chamo.
Reduced Emotional Intelligence in Children Aged 9–10 caused by the COVID‐19 Pandemic Lockdown
Authors: Martín‐Requejo Katya , Santiago‐Ramajo Sandra 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTIt is necessary to know the influence of the current pandemic situation on children's emotional intelligence (EI). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the difference in 34 Spanish children's EI (aged 9–10) caused by the lockdown. EI was measured with the BarOn Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EQ‐i:YV). Results have revealed a reduction in EI, specifically on intrapersonal, interpersonal, and adaptability scales (all p < .01). Thus, the study highlights the negative influence of lockdown situation on children's EI and considering the impact this may have at a cognitive, social, or academic level, it would be convenient to promote its development at school.
Diversity begets diversity during community assembly until ecological limits impose a diversity ceiling
Authors: San Roman Magdalena , Wagner Andreas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMicrobial communities are hugely diverse, but we do not yet understand how species invasions and extinctions drive and limit their diversity. On the one hand, the ecological limits hypothesis posits that diversity is primarily limited by environmental resources. On the other hand, the diversity‐begets‐diversity hypothesis posits that such limits can be easily lifted when new ecological niches are created by biotic interactions. To find out which hypothesis better explains the assembly of microbial communities, we used metabolic modelling. We represent each microbial species by a metabolic network that harbours thousands of biochemical reactions. Together, these reactions determine which carbon and energy sources a species can use, and which metabolic by‐products—potential nutrients for other species—it can excrete in a given environment. We assemble communities by modelling thousands of species invasions in a chemostat‐like environment. We find that early during the assembly process, diversity begets diversity. By‐product excretion transforms a simple environment into one that can sustain dozens of species. During later assembly stages, the creation of new niches slows down, existing niches become filled, successful invasions become rare, and species diversity plateaus. Thus, ecological limitations dominate the late assembly process. We conclude that each hypothesis captures a different stage of the assembly process. Species interactions can raise a community's diversity ceiling dramatically, but only within limits imposed by the environment.
Neurosurgical intervention in children with ventricular assist devices: A single‐center case series review
Authors: Yu Jane , Murray Jenna , Ramamoorthy Chandra , Chen Sharon , Lee Sarah , Ryan Kathleen , Maeda Katsuhide , Navaratnam Manchula 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of neurological complications related to ventricular assist devices (VAD) remains high and includes life‐threatening conditions such as intracranial hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. Although no definitive management guidelines exist, operative interventions may be required for major neurological injuries.AimsThis case series describes the perioperative management of children at a single center who underwent neurosurgical procedures for major intracranial bleeds or ischemic strokes while on VAD support.MethodsA database review identified all pediatric VAD patients who underwent a neurosurgical procedure for an intracranial hemorrhage or ischemic stroke from April 2014 to January 2020. Data regarding patient characteristics, preoperative medical management, intraoperative anesthetic management, and postoperative outcomes were collected using retrospective chart review.ResultsNinety VADs were implanted in 78 patients. Five neurosurgical interventions were performed: four for intracranial hemorrhages and one for an ischemic stroke. All four patients with hemorrhages were receiving anticoagulation at the time of their event and the three patients on warfarin received emergent reversal with prothrombin concentrate complex and vitamin K. Three patients also received pre‐procedural platelet transfusions. Two of the five procedures were emergent bedside external ventricular drain placements, and three were surgical operations. All three patients who underwent operative procedures received invasive hemodynamic monitoring and were supported with a combination of inotropes and afterload reduction. One patient required a massive blood product transfusion. The two patients who underwent external ventricular drain placement had no further surgical interventions and died from the severity of their neurological injuries. All three patients who underwent operative procedures survived to transplantation and discharge home.ConclusionsPerioperative concerns for the anesthesiologist include VAD hemodynamic management, bleeding, VAD thrombosis, and prevention of secondary brain injury. A systematic, multidisciplinary approach to management is paramount to attain favorable outcomes.
Gendered Islamophobia: The nature of Hindu and Buddhist nationalism in India and Sri Lanka
Authors: Malji Andrea 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article explores the gendered nature of Hindu and Buddhist nationalism in India and Sri Lanka. Nationalist movements have become increasingly prevalent in both countries and frequently rely upon Islamophobic discourse centred around a fear of Muslim expansionism. Specifically, nationalists in each country frame their concerns through a gendered lens concerning Muslim fertility vis‐à‐vis Hindus and Buddhists, religious intermarriage of Muslim men with Hindu/Buddhist women, and the securitization of Muslim women’s clothing choices. Femonationalist rhetoric has also increasingly been utilized by Hindu and Buddhist nationalists to frame Muslim women as victims of Islam’s patriarchal structures and in need of saving by Hindus and Buddhists. This article draws upon original field research in India and Sri Lanka, including interviews with Hindu and Buddhist nationalist groups, their leaders, and Muslim minorities and organizations.