bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Birth weight, growth, nutritional status and mortality of infants from Lambaréné and Fougamou in Gabon in their first year of life
Authors: Zoleko-Manego Rella , Mischlinger Johannes , Dejon-Agobé Jean Claude , Basra Arti , Mackanga J. Rodolphe , Akerey Diop Daisy , Adegnika Ayola Akim , Agnandji Selidji T. , Lell Bertrand , Kremsner Peter G. , Matsiegui Pierre Blaise , González Raquel , Menendez Clara , Ramharter Michael , Mombo-Ngoma Ghyslain 
Published: February 2021

Background
Malnutrition and low birth weight (LBW) are two common causes of morbidity and mortality among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Both malnutrition and LBW affect early childhood development with long term consequences that may vary in their degree depending on the geographical setting. This study evaluates growth, nutritional status and mortality of infants from Lambaréné and Fougamou in Gabon from a birth cohort of a malaria in pregnancy clinical trial (NCT00811421).

Method
A prospective longitudinal birth cohort conducted between 2009 and 2012, included infants that were followed up from birth until their first-year anniversary. The exposure of interest was low birth weight and the outcomes explored were growth represented by weight gain, the nutritional status including stunting, wasting and underweight, and the mortality. Scheduled follow-up visits were at one, nine and 12 months of age. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between low birth weight and growth and nutritional outcomes, and cox regression was used for mortality.

Result
A total of 907 live-born infants were included in the analysis. The prevalence of LBW was 13% (115). At one month of life, out of 743 infants 10% and 4% presented with stunting and underweight, respectively, while these proportions increased at 12 months of life to 17% and 21%, respectively, out of 530 infants. The proportion of infants with wasting remained constant at 7% throughout the follow-up period. Stunting and underweight were associated with LBW, adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.6, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.4–4.9 and aOR: 4.5, 95%CI: 2.5–8.1, respectively. Preterm birth was associated with stunting, aOR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.2–6.3 and underweight, aOR: 5.4, 95%CI: 1.7–16.1 at one month of life. Infants with LBW were at higher hazard of death during the first year of life, adjusted hazard ratio 4.6, 95%CI: 1.2–17.0.

Conclusion
Low birthweight infants in Gabon are at higher risks of growth and nutritional deficits and mortality during the first year of life. Tailored interventions aiming at preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes including LBW, early detection and appropriate management of growth, and nutritional deficits in infants are necessary in Gabon.
Accuracy of partial coherence interferometry in patients with large inter-eye axial length difference
Authors: Petersen Christine A. , Terveen Daniel C. , Quist Tyler , Taravati Parisa , Ding Leona , Oetting Thomas A. , Chen Philip P. 
Published: February 2021

Background
To determine accuracy of partial coherence interferometry (PCI) in patients with large inter-eye axial eye length (AEL) difference.

Methods
Patients undergoing cataract surgery at two academic medical centers with an inter-eye axial eye length (AEL) difference of > 0.30 mm were identified and were matched to control patients without inter-eye AEL difference > 0.30 mm on the basis of age, sex, and AEL. The expected post-operative refraction for the implanted IOL was calculated using SRK/T, Holladay II, and Hoffer Q formulae. The main outcome measures were the refractive prediction error and the equivalence of the refractive outcomes between the subjects and controls.

Results
Review of 2212 eyes from 1617 patients found 131 eyes of 93 patients which met inclusion criteria. These were matched to 131 control eyes of 115 patients. The mean AEL was 24.92 ± 1.50 mm. The mean absolute error (MAE) ranged from 0.47 D to 0.69 D, and was not statistically different between subjects and controls. The refractive prediction error was equivalent between the cases and controls, with no significant difference between the MAE for any formula, nor in the number of cases vs. controls with a refractive prediction error of at least 0.50 D or 1.00 D.

Conclusions
Among eyes in our study population, good-quality PCI data was equally accurate in patients with or without an inter-eye AEL difference > 0.30 mm. Confirmatory AEL measurements using different AEL measuring modalities in patients with a large inter-eye AEL difference may not be necessary.
Mercury in the human thyroid gland: Potential implications for thyroid cancer, autoimmune thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism
Authors: Pamphlett Roger , Doble Philip A. , Bishop David P. 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveMercury and other toxic metals have been suggested to be involved in thyroid disorders, but the distribution and prevalence of mercury in the human thyroid gland is not known. We therefore used two elemental bio-imaging techniques to look at the distribution of mercury and other toxic metals in the thyroid glands of people over a wide range of ages.Materials and methodsFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded thyroid tissue blocks were obtained from 115 people aged 1–104 years old, with varied clinicopathological conditions, who had thyroid samples removed during forensic/coronial autopsies. Seven-micron sections from these tissue blocks were used to detect intracellular inorganic mercury using autometallography. The presence of mercury was confirmed using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry which can detect multiple elements.ResultsMercury was found on autometallography in the thyroid follicular cells of 4% of people aged 1–29 years, 9% aged 30–59 years, and 38% aged 60–104 years. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of mercury in samples staining with autometallography, and detected cadmium, lead, iron, nickel and silver in selected samples.ConclusionsThe proportion of people with mercury in their thyroid follicular cells increases with age, until it is present in over one-third of people aged 60 years and over. Other toxic metals in thyroid cells could enhance mercury toxicity. Mercury can trigger genotoxicity, autoimmune reactions, and oxidative damage, which raises the possibility that mercury could play a role in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancers, autoimmune thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism.
The Impact of Batik Sewage Disposal Towards The Quality of Dug-Well Water in The Batik Industry Center of Jenggot Pekalongan City
Authors: Budiyanto Slamet , Anies Anies , Purnawerni Hartuti , Sunoko Henna Rya 
Published: February 2021

The development of batik industry in Indonesa today is quite rapid after batik has been acknowledged by UNESCO as the intangible world heritage from Indonesia. Pekalongan City is well-known as “Batik City” and it is one of the biggest batik industry centers in Indonesia with its 917 batik industries. Jenggot (administrative) village is one of the biggest batik industry centers in Pekalongan with 203 artisans of batik indstries. The process of batik making needs some dye of synthetic one containing heavy metals one of which is Pb. The present condition, most of the batik industry sewage in Jenggot goes straight to the environment without prior treatment. The purpose of this research is to find out the impact of the disposal of batik sewage containing heavy metal Pb towards the quality of dug-well water around the areas of batik sewage disposal.This is descriptive analytical research with cross-sectional approach method. The research was conducted by taking direct samples of sewage in the community of batik industries, i.e the sample that floods the residential drain and the sample of dug well around the sewage flood. The sample was tested in the laboratory with the AAS instrument.The result of this study, out of 67 samples of batik sewage, showed 17 samples (25.4%) contained heavy metal Pb above the quality standar set, i.e 0.03 mg/L. Twenty (20) samples (29.9%) out of 67 samples of water puddle in the residential areas was above the standard quality set, i.e 0.03 mg/L. As to the quality of dug well, it was found 129 samples (61.4%) out of 210 kinds of well water contained heavy metal Pb above standard quality set, i.e. 0.01 mg/L.This result showed that the quality of environment has declined marked by the polluted dug-well water of the inhabitants around the batik industry center in Jenggot Pekalongan.
Image of Vilnius in Joseph Arthur Gobineau‘s Novel The Pleiades
Authors: Bikulčius Vytautas 
Published: February 2021

Using insights from comparative imagology the image of Vilnius in Joseph Arthur Gobineau’s novel The Pleiades (1874) has been analysed in the paper. Presumably, the name of Vilnius was first mentioned by Olympe Chodzko, his Parisian acquaintance, in her short story, its scene is laid in Vilnius. The way Vilnius is imaged depends on context. Where Vilnius is compared to the privileged Saint-Honoré quarter in Paris a tinge of phobia arises unavoidably because Vilnius in no way is comparable to Paris. Likewise is imaged Vilnius by Sophie Tonska, Marquis Candeuil’s sweetheart. Marquis Candeuil selected Vilnius for his residence from seven possible cities accidentally, by drawing lots. That attitude of the protagonist can be related to idiocracy. Where the author writes about Vilnius in the St. Petersburg-Warsaw railroad construction context his philia can be felt. Vilnius is imaged not only in this context, but also through Marquis Candeuil’s thoughts pertaining to the essential problems raised in the novel. Finally, all that reveals that the image of Vilnius in the novel, at first glance so unintentional, actually pertains to the whole system of the novel.
A test of the pathway model of problematic smartphone use
Authors: Canale Natale , Moretta Tania , Pancani Luca , Buodo Giulia , Vieno Alessio , Dalmaso Mario , Billieux Joël 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsProblematic smartphone use (PSU) has been described as a growing public health issue. In the current study, we aimed to provide a unique and comprehensive test of the pathway model of PSU. This model posits three distinct developmental pathways leading to PSU: (1) the excessive reassurance pathway, (2) the impulsive pathway and (3) the extraversion pathway.MethodsUndergraduate students (n = 795, 69.8% female, mean age = 23.80 years, sd = 3.02) completed online self-report measures of PSU (addictive use, antisocial use and dangerous use) and the psychological features (personality traits and psychopathological symptoms) underlying the three pathways.ResultsBayesian analyses revealed that addictive use is mainly driven by the excessive reassurance pathway and the impulsive pathway, for which candidate etiopathological factors include heightened negative urgency, a hyperactive behavioural inhibition system and symptoms of social anxiety. Dangerous and antisocial use are mainly driven by the impulsive pathway and the extraversion pathway, for which candidate etiopathological factors include specific impulsivity components (lack of premeditation and sensation seeking) and primary psychopathy (inclination to lie, lack of remorse, callousness and manipulativeness).Discussion and conclusionsThe present study constitutes the first comprehensive test of the pathway model of PSU. We provide robust and original results regarding the psychological dimensions associated with each of the postulated pathways of PSU, which should be taken into account when considering regulation of smartphone use or tailoring prevention protocols to reduce problematic usage patterns.
Models and Methods for Discovery of Local Area Network Topology with Incomplete Data
Authors: Aleshkin Andrey , Balakirev Stanislav , Nevzorov Valery , Savochkin Pavel 
Published: February 2021

A lot of network management tasks require a description of the logical and physical computer network topology. Obtaining such a description in an automatic way is complicated due to the possibility of incompleteness and incorrectness of the initial data on the network structure. This article provides a study on the properties of incomplete initial data on network device connectivity on the link layer. Methods for generalized handling of the heterogeneous input data on the link layer are included. We describe models and methods for deriving a missing part of the data, as well as the condition in which it is possible to get a single correct network topology description. The article includes algorithms for building a link layer topology description from incomplete data when this data is possible to fulfill up to the required level. Also, we provide methods for detecting and resolving an ambiguity in the data and methods for improving incorrect initial data. The tests and evaluations provided in the article demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the build methods for discovering various heterogeneous real-life networks. Additionally, we show the advantages of the provided methods over the previous analogs: our methods are able to derive up to 99% data on link layer connectivity in polynomial time; able to provide a correct solution from an ambiguous data.
Смертность пешеходов в России: устойчивое снижение в течение 25 лет?
Authors: Пьянкова Анастасия Ивановна , Фаттахов Тимур Асфанович 
Published: February 2021

В исследовании с использованием широкого круга источников данных (HCoD, IRTAD, UNECE statistical database, данные МВД) показано, что существенное превышение смертности пешеходов над смертностью водителей и пассажиров по данным Российской базы данных по рождаемости и смертности (РосБРиС) в России в 1988-1999 гг. – аномальное явление. Поэтому для оценки уровня смертности по категориям участников дорожного движения правомернее доверять данным МВД. В соответствии с ними в России смертность пешеходов никогда не превышала смертность водителей и пассажиров, и ее устойчивое снижение началось с 2003, а не с 1993 г. В 2008 г. смертность пешеходов впервые опустилась ниже минимальных значений советского периода, тогда как смертность водителей и пассажиров после взлётов и падений достигла уровня начала 1970-х годов только в 2015-2017 гг.
Использование данных государственной статистики смертности можно рекомендовать при рассмотрении дифференциальной дорожно-транспортной смертности: по полу, возрасту и типу местности (город/село). В то же время оценивать различия в смертности в разрезе категорий участников дорожного движения на ее основе следует с осторожностью. При проведении ретроспективных исследований предпочтительно опираться на следующие базы данных: The Human Cause-of-Death Database (HCoD) c 1988 г., РосБРиС с 1970 по 1988 г. и после 1999 г.
Имеются основания предполагать, что сложности в анализе долгосрочных тенденций смертности по категориям участников дорожного движения на основе государственной статистики смертности могут возникать во всех постсоветских странах, где использовалась советская краткая номенклатура причин смерти. Помимо этого показано, что при анализе дорожно-транспортной смертности по категориям участников на основе агрегированных рубрик кратких листов причин смерти важно учитывать степень распространенности кода V89 «Несчастный случай, связанный с моторным или немоторным транспортным средством неуточненного вида».
Tragal perichondrium as graft material in tympanoplasty: our experience
Authors: Pathak Vivek K. , Nayak Pradeepti , Tyagi Sonali , Chaudhary Rohit 
Published: February 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> It has been defined as a permanent abnormality of pars tensa or flaccida, as a result of acute otitis media, negative middle ear pressure or otitis media with effusion. It manifests clinically as ear discharge and decreased hearing and may lead to numerous changes in the tympanic membrane, middle ear cleft, and mastoid air cell system. It has been classified into two types: mucosal and squamosal types. Chronic otitis media (COM) is a very common condition in developing countries in both adult and paediatric age groups. This study has been conducted to determine the outcome and graft uptake of tragal perichondrium in type 1 tympanoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The prospective analytical study was conducted department of otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India over a period of 12months from 01 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. 30 patients according to inclusion criterion underwent tympanolpasty using tragal perichondrium were included in study. The data obtained was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), version 21.0. P value less than 0.05 was taken as statically significant. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Preoperative mean hearing loss was 38.45±7.01 dB, mean air bone gap was 20.20±3.75 dB, and postoperative air bone gap was reduced to an average of 10.86±3.82 dB. 8.51 dB of hearing gain was achieved and an air bone gap réduction of 8.51 dB was observed.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study concluded tragal perichondrium is a suitable graft material is n mucosal type of COM.</p>
Intraplant Distribution, Preferred Sites, and Damage Caused by Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Cotton
Authors: Oliveira Tulli Alberto Enrique , Kodama Everton , de Souza Ellen Patricia , Degrande Paulo Eduardo , de Lima Filho Adolpho Vaz , Junior Gilberto Bonfanti 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study investigated (a) the intraplant distribution of Euschistus heros (F.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in cotton, (b) its preference for different structures and areas of the cotton plant, and (c) the damage caused at different levels of infestation. Our results determined that, regardless of the time of day, E. heros adults significantly preferred the middle third of cotton plants in comparison to the upper and lower areas (F = 30.221; df = 2; P = 0.001). The adults were present on all cotton structures, and numbers were significantly higher on bolls and leaves/branches (F = 25.333; df = 5; P = 0.001) than on flower buds and flowers. In greenhouse tests, fiber yield, number of bolls per plant, and number of internal punctures in bolls responded significantly to increasing infestation levels of E. heros adults. Damage and yield reduction was observed at 1.5 to 2.0 adults/plant, indicating that an action threshold of 1 adult per plant should be adopted to avoid economic losses. Sampling during boll development should be by either whole-plant inspection or beat cloth methods between 0600 and 1800 h.
PRECISION OF PRODUCTION CROWN MANUFACTURING USING 3D-PRINTING TECHNOLOGY. IMMEDIATE TEMPORARY RESTORATION AFTER DENTAL IMPLANTATION
Authors: Melnikov Yuri , Zholudev Sergey , Vladimirova Elena , Zaikin Dmitry 
Published: February 2021

Subject. Currently, tooth loss prosthetics using implants are widely used. An important problem is the loss of bone tissue due to infections around the implant. Micro-gaps at the implant-abutment interface can contribute to infection with microorganisms.The aim of this study was to investigate the precision of connecting the implant-abutment components with simultaneous loading and temporary restoration.
Methodology. The precision of the "implant – abutment – artificial crown" connection was studied on a clinical case with simultaneous removal of a tooth root, followed by implant placement and temporary restoration. Before installing the implant, specialized programs combined a three-dimensional CT model of the jaw with a 3D model of the dentition obtained as a result of scanning. To study precision, a duplicate plastic crown was made according to this virtual plan and fixed in a similar implant. The "implant-crown" model was fixed in plaster and a section was made up to the level of the "implant-abutment-artificial crown" connection, which was studied using electron microscopy at magnification of 50, 100 and 200 times.
Results. Electron microscopy data showed that the junction of the internal surface of the implant with the plastic "abutment" had a gap width in the range of 54-77 microns.
Conclusion. The exact fit of the restoration on the implant was confirmed by electron microscopy. In the presented example, due to the production of temporary restoration, it was possible to reduce the number of manipulations with the implant-abutment components. Modern milling and 3D printing technologies show high precision.
STUDY BY THE METHOD OF ELEKTRONIC PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE OF THE INFUENCE OF PHYSICS-CHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BONE TISSUE ON THE PROCESSES OF OSSEOINTEGRATION OF DENTAL IMPLANTS WITH DIFFERENT MICROSTRUCTURE OF THE SURFACE
Authors: Chelyshev Yuriy , Grishin Petr , Savranskiy Filipp , Gafurov Marat , Kalinnikova Elena , Chigarina Svetlana 
Published: February 2021

Aim. Study by the method of electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) physical- chemical and structural features of bone tissue and their effect on the processes of osseointegration during dental implantation using implants with different macro-microstructure of the surface.
Material and methods. The experimental study was conducted on 7 Vietnamese visobryu-pig mini-pigs. Under anesthesia, implants with different macro-microstructures of the surface (SLA, RBM, ) were installed under the methods of direct and delayed implantation. At different dates of the experiment, after the appropriate anesthesia, the gentle method was to remove implants with small fragments of periemplant bone tissue. Macro-drugs of bone tissue of the jaws after sawing on blocks and extraction of implants, as well as appropriate preparation, were investigated by the method of stationary electronic paramagnetic resonance.
Results. As a result of the study it was revealed that the insertation of the implant into the jaw bone leads to structural changes in the surrounding bone implant. After prior exposure, the EPR spectrums, caused by different types of paramagnetic centers, were observed in the samples studied. Two types of centers, , have been identified. and F is the center. The spectrum of the second type reflects the presence in hydroxiapatites of lattice defects associated with isomorphism, and, . The findings suggest that one of the reasons for the higher content of free radicals (SR) in bone tissue derived from radiation, after dental implantation is the weakening of chemical bonds, greater mobility of fragments that make up its structure. It must be assumed that the high content of SR in the bone in the postoperative period is nothing but a result of the disruption of the mineralization process, which is accompanied by the replacement of phosphate groups with carbonate ions that are free-radicalized. It has also been revealed that the structural integrity of the bone depends to a large extent on the degree of orderliness of microcrystals of hydroxyapatite. According to EPR, the most favorable bone recovery (the process of osseointegration) occurs when using implants with a surface, .
Conclusions. EPR research of native and carbonate radicals is a unique tool for studying the physical and chemical and structural features of bone tissue and their role in the process of osseointegration of implants. The speed of osseointegration for implants with different microstructures of the surface varies. EPR can be used as an additional method to control the integration of implants into bone tissue.