bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Care Physical Therapy Practice Analysis Identifies the Need for a Core Outcome Measurement Set
Authors: Mayer Kirby P. , Norris Traci L. , Kumble Sowmya , Morelli Nathan , Gorman Sharon L. , Ohtake Patricia J. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:
This study's primary objective is to determine the current use of outcome measures (OMs) by physical therapists practicing in acute care settings. Secondarily, this study aims to establish whether physical therapists support the development of a core OM set for use in acute care settings.

Methods:
An investigator-developed online survey (Qualtrics) was distributed to acute care physical therapy stakeholders, including practicing clinicians, educators, and administrators. The survey contained 4 sections with 28 questions: (1) acute care physical therapy practice patterns; (2) use of OMs in practice; (3) the development of a core OM set; and (4) demographic, education, and experience in the physical therapy profession. Descriptive statistics were used to assess response frequency and rationale for the use of specific OMs.

Results:
A convenience sample of 170 acute physical therapy stakeholders completed the survey. Respondents represented 38 states, with most respondents (n = 153; 90%) practicing in one or more acute care specialty areas. The majority of respondents (n = 145; 83%) reported using an OM more than 50% of the time in their practice. Physical function was the main construct (n = 163; 96%) respondents assessed with an OM. Acute care physical therapists primarily used OMs to track response to interventions (n = 134; 79%) and develop a care plan (n = 91; 54%). Length of time required to complete an OM and its clinical utility were the most common rationales for selecting an OM (n = 150, 88%; n = 147, 86%, respectively). Strong support was found for developing a core OM set for acute physical therapist practice (n = 147; 86%). The preferred methods for the organization of a core OM set, in rank order, were by diagnosis, International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework, domains of health, and settings/location.

Conclusion:
Most physical therapists participating in this study of practice in acute care reported using OMs in their daily practice. This survey confirms the desire to develop a core OM set with high clinical utility for use in acute care settings.
Home health care after discharge is associated with lower readmission rates for patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Sheikh Muhammad A. , Ngendahimana David , Deo Salil V. , Raza Sajjad , Altarabsheh Salah E. , Reed Grant W. , Kalra Ankur , Cmolik Brian , Kapadia Samir , Eagle Kim A. 
Published: January 2021

Objective
We studied the utilization of home health care (HHC) among acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients, impact of HHC on and predictors of 30-day readmission.

Methods
We queried the National Readmission Database (NRD) from 2012 to 2014identify patients with AMI discharged home with (HHC+) and without HHC (HHC−). Linkage provided in the data identified patients who had 30-day readmission, our primary end-point. The probability for each patient to receive HHC was calculated by a multivariable logistic regression. Average treatment of treated weights were derived from propensity scores. Weight-adjusted logistic regression was used to determine impact of HHC on readmission.

Results
A total of 406 237 patients with AMI were discharged home. Patients in the HHC+ cohort (38 215 patients, 9.4%) were older (mean age 77 vs. 60 years P < 0.001), more likely women (53 vs. 26%, P < 0.001), have heart failure (5 vs. 0.5%, P < 0.001), chronic kidney disease (26 vs. 6%, P < 0.001) and diabetes (35 vs. 26%, P < 0.001). Patients readmitted within 30-days were older with higher rates of diabetes (RR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.37–1.48) and heart failure (RR = 5.8, 95% CI: 5.5–6.2). Unadjusted 30-day readmission rates were 21 and 8% for HHC+ and HHC− patients, respectively. After adjustment, readmission was lower with HHC (21 vs. 24%, RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82–0.96; P < 0.001).

Conclusion
In the United States, AMI patients receiving HHC are older and have more comorbidities; however, HHC was associated with a lower 30-day readmission rate.
The prevalence, management and outcomes of coronary artery perforations during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with or without acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Simsek Ersin C. , Kiris Tuncay 
Published: January 2021

Background
Coronary artery perforation (CAP) is an uncommon but serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this study was to compare early and late clinical outcomes of CAP in patients with or without acute coronary syndromes (ACS).

Method
A retrospective review was made of the procedural records of 15 878 patients who underwent PCI at two large tertiary centers between January 2012 and December 2018. A total of 51 (0.32 %) CAP cases were identified.

Results
Of the 51 CAP cases, 26 (51.0%) patients had ACS and 25 (49%) patients had stable coronary artery disease (CAD). The major cause of perforation was stenting (43%). Cardiac tamponade was more frequent in the ACS group than stable CAD group (34.6 vs. 8%; P = 0.024). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the overall 30-day cardiovascular mortality rate was higher in patients with ACS than stable CAD (23.1 vs. 0%; P = 0.011). At the 3-year follow-up examination, no statistically significant difference was determined between the two groups in respect of all-cause mortality (36.1 vs. 28.4%; P = 0.262). Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated left ventricular ejection fraction (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89–0.99; P = 0.033) but not ACS at presentation (hazard ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.37–5.20; P = 0.628) as a predictor of mortality at 3 years.

Conclusions
Early clinical outcomes following CAP, including cardiac tamponade and 30-day cardiovascular mortality, were significantly worse in patients with ACS compared to stable CAD.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence of recurrence of spontaneous coronary artery dissection
Authors: Mridha Naim , Millhouse James , Oldfield Kieran , Adams Cobi , Hughes Ian , Singh Kuljit 
Published: January 2021

Aim
Recurrence is a well-established complication of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD). However, the exact incidence and correlates of recurrence are unknown. We, therefore, performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine and consolidate the evidence on the global incidence of SCAD recurrence.

Methods
A comprehensive search of the four major databases (EMBASE, OVID Medline, PubMed and Google Scholar) was performed from their inception to 17 January 2019. We included original research studies, recruiting ≥10 participants, with ≥12 months follow-up that reported data on recurrence in patients with SCAD.

Results
Out of 556 studies searched, 19 cohorts (1538 SCAD patients) were included in the analysis. There were 153 cases of de novo recurrence over a mean follow-up period of 31.2 months (95% confidence interval, 25–41 months). Type 1, 2 and 3 SCAD was noted in 33.2, 73.2 and 5.3%, respectively. The involved coronary artery was LMCA, LAD, RCA, LCx and multi-vessel CAD respectively in 3.5%, 53.4%, 19.8%, 20.4% and 12.6% of cases. The overall SCAD de novo recurrence was 7% (ES 0.07, 95% confidence interval, 0.04–0.10, I
2 = 65.3%). On meta-regression, we found discharge medications at index admission, including β-blockers, ACE inhibitors, statins, as well as baseline cardiac risk factors, did not correlate with recurrence.

Conclusion
SCAD recurrence is common, occurring in 7% of patients over medium-term follow up. No specific medications at discharge were found to reduce recurrence. Further long-term and prospective data are required.
C-reactive protein-to-serum albumin ratio as a novel predictor of long-term outcomes in coronary artery disease patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention: analysis of a real-world retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Zhi-Yu , Tang Jun-Nan , Cheng Meng-Die , Jiang Li-Zhu , Guo Qian-Qian , Zhang Jian-Chao , Zhang Zeng-Lei , Song Feng-Hua , Wang Kai , Fan Lei , Yue Xiao-Ting , Bai Yan , Dai Xin-Ya , Zheng Ru-Jie , Zheng Ying-Ying , Zhang Jin-Ying 
Published: January 2021

Background
C-reactive protein (CRP) has been proposed as a contributor to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and inflammatory reactions, which are associated with a decrease in serum albumin, and it has been reported that the CRP-to-serum albumin ratio (CAR) can predict CAD severity in inpatient ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) patients. However, the relationship between the CAR and long-term adverse outcomes in CAD patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is still unknown.

Methods
A total of 3561 CAD patients enrolled in the Outcomes and Risk Factors of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease after PCI: an investigation based on case records and follow-up (CORFCHD-ZZ), a retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2013 to December 2017, and 1630 patients meeting the study inclusion criteria were divided into two groups based on the CAR (CAR < 0.186; n = 1301 and CAR ≥ 0.186; n = 329). The primary outcome was long-term mortality, including all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiac mortality. The average follow-up time was 37.59 months.

Results
We found that there were significant differences between the two groups in the incidences of ACM (P < 0.001) and cardiac mortality (P  = 0.003). Cox multivariate regression analyses demonstrated that CAR was an independent predictor of ACM [hazard ratio, 2.678; (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.568–4.576); P < 0.001] and cardiac mortality (hazard ratio, 2.055; 95% CI, 1.056–3.998; P = 0.034) in CAD patients after PCI.

Conclusion
This study revealed that the CAR is an independent and novel predictor of long-term adverse outcomes in CAD patients who have undergone PCI.
Effect of disease stage and treatment outcomes on the dynamics of liver functions during and after treatment of hepatitis C with directly acting antivirals
Authors: El Kassas Mohamed , Alboraie Mohamed , El-Sayed Mohammad , Elbehiry Sherif , Sherief Ahmed , Youssef Mohamed , Moaz Inas , El Tahan Adel , Abdeen Nermeen , Eysa Basem , Aziz Ayman A. , Tawheed Ahmed , Ezzat Sameera , Hassany Mohamed 
Published: January 2021

Background
Virus C infection is recently treated successfully with plenty of direct antiviral agents (DAAs). We aimed to evaluate the effect of disease stage and treatment outcome on the dynamics of liver functions during treatment of hepatitis C with DAAs.

Methods
We reported the liver function in 2354 subjects diagnosed as chronic hepatitis C before, during and after treatment with different DAAs regimens. Patients were classified into two groups according to treatment response with further subclassification according to the presence or absence of cirrhosis, and changes in liver functions were compared in each group and subgroup.

Results
Totally 2213 (94%) achieved sustained virological response (SVR) to DAAs therapy with significant improvement in all liver biochemistry. Also, there was an improvement in the non-SVR group’s liver enzymes in relapsers during and after treatment; however, there was no improvement in serum albumin. We noticed a slight increase in serum bilirubin at weeks 4 and 8 for both groups.

Conclusion
DAAs therapy is associated with improvement of the liver biochemical profile and improved outcome in the majority of chronic hepatitis C virus patients due to suppression of viral replication. However, the long-term impact of DAAs therapy needs to be further evaluated.
Fecal and mucosal microbiota profiling in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Putignani Lorenza , Oliva Salvatore , Isoldi Sara , Del Chierico Federica , Carissimi Claudia , Laudadio Ilaria , Cucchiara Salvatore , Stronati Laura 
Published: January 2021

Background
An altered gut microbiota profile has been widely documented in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The intestinal microbial community has been more frequently investigated in the stools than at the level of the mucosa, while most of the studies have been performed in adults. We aimed to define the gut microbiota profile either by assessing fecal and colonic mucosa samples (inflamed or not) from pediatric IBD patients.

Patients and methods
Fecal and colonic samples from pediatric IBD (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis) and controls were analyzed. The relative abundance of bacteria at phylum and genus/species levels and bacterial diversity were determined through 16S rRNA sequence-based of fecal and mucosal microbiota analysis.

Results
A total of 59 children with IBD (26 Crohn’s disease, 33 ulcerative colitis) and 39 controls were analyzed. A clear separation between IBD and controls in the overall composition of fecal and mucosal microbiota was found, as well as a reduced bacterial richness in the fecal microbiota of IBD. At the phylum level, abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria occurred in fecal microbiota of IBD, while species with anti-inflammatory properties (i.e., Ruminococcus) were reduced. Fusobacterium prevailed in inflamed IBD areas in comparison to noninflamed and controls samples.

Conclusion
Significant alterations in gut microbiota profile were shown in our IBD pediatric patients, in whom an abundance of species with a proinflammatory mucosal activity was clearly detected. An analysis of gut microbiota could be incorporated in designing personalized IBD treatment scenarios in future.
Structural validation and dyadic child–parent measurement invariance of the celiac disease quality of life questionnaire
Authors: Meyer Sonya , Shani Maor 
Published: January 2021

Objective
The celiac disease quality of life questionnaire (CDDUX) is used widely in numerous languages worldwide. However, it's structural and construct validity and child–parent invariance had not been thoroughly examined. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the 12-item CDDUX and the extent to which it meets the acceptable requirements of reliability and structural and convergent validity, as well as its child–parent invariance.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 126 dyads of children aged 8–18 years and their parents completed the Hebrew version self-report and parent-proxy report CDDUX. Recently developed methods to examine psychometric properties and to measure invariance of dyadic samples were used while properly accounting for nonindependence in measurement patterns.

Results
A three-factor structure, each with sufficient internal consistency, is confirmed for both children and parents. Removing a single indicator of the diet subscale resulted in full configural (χ2(181) = 202.277, P > 0.05, RMSEA = 0.026) and metric (χ2(189) = 209.543, P > 0.05, RMSEA = 0.043) invariance of the measure between children and parents. However, this occurred only in partial-scalar (χ2(198) = 229.813, P > 0.05, RMSEA = 0.031) and uniqueness invariance, which is nevertheless sufficient for meaningful comparison between the groups.

Conclusion
Overall, with minor modifications, the Hebrew version of the CDDUX was found to be a valid measure of children’s celiac-related quality of life when measured across children’s self-reports and parent-proxy reports. The CDDUX provides meaningful measurement and allows child–parent comparison.
Predicting survival time of Korean hepatocellular carcinoma patients using the Cox proportional hazards model: a retrospective study based on big data analysis
Authors: Kwon Yujin , Kim Jae Ri , Park Young Mok , Choi Byung Kwan , Kim Choongrak , Young Kim Hae , Yoon Myunghee 
Published: January 2021

Aim
To predict survival time of Korean hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients by analyzing big data using Cox proportional hazards model.

Methods
Big data of the patients who underwent treatment for HCC from 2008 to 2015, provided by Korea Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, and Ministry of Health and Welfare, were analyzed. A total of 10 742 patients with HCC were divided into two groups, with Group I (3021 patients) confirmed on biopsy and Group II (5563 patients) diagnosed as HCC according to HCC diagnostic criteria as outlined in Korean Liver Cancer Association guidelines. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors of recurrence after treatment and survival status.

Results
A total of 3021 patients in Group I and 5563 patients in Group II were included in the study and the difference in survival time between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Recurrence was only included in intrahepatic cases, and the rates were 21.2 and 19.8% while the periods from the first treatment to recurrence were 15.57 and 14.19 months, respectively. Age, diabetes, BMI, platelet, alpha-fetoprotein, histologic tumor maximum size, imaging T stage, presence of recurrence, and duration of recurrence were included in multivariate analysis.

Conclusion
By using nationwide, multicenter big data, it is possible to predict recurrence rate and survival time which can provide the basis for treatment response to develop a predictive program.
Evidence and controversies in management of thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma
Authors: Lancini Davide , Lombardi Davide , Piazza Cesare 
Published: January 2021

Purpose of review
The aim of this study was to analyse the rational of the possible therapeutic approaches to thyroglossal duct cyst carcinomas (TGDCCa), especially in consideration of their potential airway involvement, discussing the most debated issues concerning employment of thyroidectomy, neck dissection and adjuvant treatments.

Recent findings
The literature is unanimous in defining the Sistrunk procedure as the baseline of surgical treatment of TGDCCa, and in equating the vast majority of thyroid-like TGDCCas to classic thyroid cancers from a biological point of view, while the rarer squamous cell carcinomas seem to behave more aggressively. Thyroidectomy, neck dissection and radioactive iodine treatment are considered for high-risk lesions, with the addition of customized partial resection of laryngeal cartilages when airway involvement is encountered. Furthermore, the analysis of thyroid mutational markers has promise for accurate prevision of more aggressive clinical behaviours.

Summary
Even if rare, clinicians should be aware of TGDCCa due to the possibility of incidental diagnosis and, in the case of more advanced clinical scenarios, for its potential airway involvement. Sistrunk procedure combined with thyroidectomy, neck dissection and adjuvant therapy provide excellent results in high-risk patients. Additional study of pathological thyroid markers in TGDCCa is desirable to allow more individualized treatments.
The Use of Fecal Calprotectin Testing in Paediatric Disorders
Authors: Koninckx Carmen Ribes , Donat Ester , Benninga Marc A. , Broekaert Ilse J. , Gottrand Frederic , Kolho Kaija‐Leena , Lionetti Paolo , Miele Erasmo , Orel Rok , Papadopoulou Alexandra , Pienar Corina , Schäppi Michela G. , Wilschanski Michael , Thapar Nikhil 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to review the evidence regarding the clinical use and value of fecal calprotectin (FC) measurements in different gastrointestinal disorders in children.Methods:A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases until October 31, 2019. Subtopics were identified and each assigned to individual authors.Results:A total of 28 recommendations were voted on using the nominal voting technique. Recommendations are given related to sampling, measurement methods, and results interpretation. The 14 authors anonymously voted on each recommendation using a 9‐point scale (1 strongly disagree to 9 fully agree). Consensus was considered achieved if at least 75% of the authors voted 6, 7, 8, or 9.Conclusions:Consensus was reached for all recommendations. Limitations for the use of FC in clinical practice include variability in extraction methodology, performance of test kits as well as the need to establish local reference ranges because of the influence of individual factors, such as age, diet, microbiota, and drugs. The main utility of FC measurement at present is in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as well as to differentiate it from functional gastrointestinal disorders (FAPDs). FC, however, has neither utility in the diagnosis of infantile colic nor to differentiate between functional and organic constipation. A rise in FC concentration, may alert to the risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis and help identifying gastrointestinal involvement in children with Henoch‐Schönlein purpura. FC measurement is of little value in Cow's Milk Protein Allergy, coeliac disease (CD), and cystic fibrosis. FC does neither help to distinguish bacterial from viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE), nor to diagnose Helicobacter Pylori infection, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), acute appendicitis (AA), or intestinal polyps.
Association Between Celiac Disease and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Quan Joshua , Panaccione Nicola , Jeong Jocelyn , Underwood Fox E. , Coward Stephanie , Windsor Joseph W. , Ronksley Paul E. , Gidrewicz Dominica , deBruyn Jennifer , Turner Justine M. , Lebwohl Benjamin , Kaplan Gilaad G. , King James A. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The aim of the study was to perform a systematic review assessing the research investigating the association between celiac disease (CD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods:
A literature search of MEDLINE and EMBASE was performed without limits placed on year or language. Observational studies reporting on the occurrence of CD among patients with ASD and/or the occurrence of ASD among patients with CD were included. Study design, characteristics, diagnostic criteria for ASD and CD, and the frequency of positive cases in the studied sample were recorded. Study quality was assessed using an adapted Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Due to substantial heterogeneity between studies, a meta-analysis was not performed.

Results:
Of the 298 unique citations identified within our search strategy, 17 articles evaluating the association between CD and ASD were included. Of those articles, 13 observed samples of patients with ASD, and 6 observed samples of patients with CD. Overall, most studies had small sample sizes and reported no evidence for an association between the 2 conditions. However, a limited number of population-based studies of higher quality suggested a potential association between CD and ASD.

Conclusions:
Most studies assessing an association between CD and ASD are at risk for systematic and/or random error. A potential link has, however, been shown in a handful of high-quality studies, and, therefore, this comorbidity cannot be ruled out. Future studies should recruit larger sample sizes, include precise definitions of CD and ASD, and exclude patients with ASD on a gluten-free diet.