bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Procedural modeling buildings for finite element method simulation
Authors: Besuievsky G , García-Nevado E , Patow G , Beckers B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Finite element methods for heat simulation at urban scale require mesh-volume models, where the meshing process requires a special attention in order to satisfy FEM requirements. In this paper we propose a procedural volume modeling approach for automatic creation of mesh-volume buildings, which are suitable for FEM simulations at urban scale. We develop a basic rule-set library and a building generation procedure that guarantee conforming meshes. In this way, urban models can be easily built for energy analysis. Our test-case shows a street created with building prototypes that fulfill all the requirements for being loaded in a FEM numerical platform such as Cast3M (www-cast3m.cea.fr).
Transient thermal response of opaque building envelope elements: EPFL campus case study
Authors: Rahiminejad Mohammad , Berquand Cécile , Khovalyg Dolaana 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The building envelope acts as a shield against varying weather conditions and modulates thermal energy flow between outdoors and indoors. The choice of layers used in the assembly impacts the heat loss and gain through the wall structure and potentially can affect the comfort indoors. Thus, the building envelope plays an essential role in the thermal performance of the building. Optimizing the cladding design in the envelope has recently become increasingly important to reach sustainable development strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. This paper aims to analyze several cladding types used on the EPFL campus in Lausanne and compare their impact on the energy performance of the building envelopes. The building assemblies constructed on the EPFL campus in different years vary in composition and thermo-physical properties of the layers used. The impact of these parameters on the thermal performance of the wall assembly is evaluated by comparing the variation of heat flux and temperature fluctuations within the wall structure. The results obtained highlight the importance of the building envelope layers and materials used in the wall structure. Due to the variations in the thermal inertia of different wall assemblies, a time shift of more than 3 hours in the transient response of the building envelope to the fluctuation of the outdoor weather conditions is observed.
Solar thermal component activation
Authors: Hachul Helmut , Ridder Daniela , Tekinbas Yesim , Giovannetti Federico , Weiland Finn , Kirchner Maik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Wall and roof components made of steel sandwich elements are firmly established in industrial and commercial construction. They are cost-effective and characterized by excellent physical properties. Here, hybrid approaches from heating- and cooling ceiling construction were examined for the solar thermal activation of sandwich elements. Besides the implementation of the solar components, the connection to and the optimization of the system technology was focused. In addition, alternative piping materials were investigated numerically and experimentally. The performance as well as the static and thermo-hydraulic behavior of the new active components were simulatively and experimentally examined, and the economic viability of the variants was also checked. With the newly developed solar sandwich elements, an overall energy concept was developed with connection variants to the building services system, control and storage technology. Steel sandwich elements with mineral fiber core are well suited for the hidden integration of component parts such as pipe registers and heat conducting plates. The functionality of the component has been proven, the implementation of heat exchanger leads to considerable heat gains. In combination with a brine-to-water heat pump system, the solar panel can provide for a more sustainable operation and a significant size reduction of the geothermal source.
Experimental analysis of heat prosumers under low temperature thermal network
Authors: Kim Min-Hwi , Lee Dong-Won , Kim Duek-Won , Heo Jaehyeok 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the applicability and thermal performance of heat prosumers in a bidirectional thermal network through experimental analysis. To realize the bidirectional thermal network and heat prosumers, the existing small-scale centralized district cooling and heating system was retrofitted to form a small-scale heat network with three thermal energy prosumers. The existing small-scale centralized district cooling and heating network consists of seven buildings: high schools, management center, childcare center, baby care center, youth center, library, and public health center. Among these, high school and childcare center were retrofitted from heat consumers to heat prosumers. Control logic for the proposed heat prosumer was also demonstrated. For the case study, the operation of the specific day was selected. The amount of heat supplied from the STES in the management center was 798.7 kWh that contained 17% of the total load. The heat supply from the TES connected to the heat pump in the management center was 2,270.5 kWh, the absorption heat pump for high school. The amount of heat supply for public buildings and schools was 824.0 kWh and 513.8 kWh, respectively, and the heat supply from the childcare center through geothermal heat pump was 295.2 kWh.
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) for Sustainable Architecture to Supply Domestic Hot Water and Heating Loads of Buildings
Authors: Zarrinkafsh Hamidreza , Eslamirad Nasim , Luca Francesco De 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Parabolic Trough Concentrators (PTC) are the most common solar concentrators. However, the high cost of production, operation, sun- tracking system, and the environmental sensitivity made them unprofitable for urban contexts. Lenses are more efficient and effective, but the complexity of manufacturing made them less used in sustainable architecture. This research proposes a liquid lens to be integrated into buildings’ envelope and compared with a PTC based on the energy production and reduced CO2 emissions over a year. The output energy, temperature, and efficiency of concentrator are obtained by the physics of light equations, and Ray-tracing software simulation. The results show that water lenses are at least 6% more efficient, their output temperature is higher, their underneath greenhouse effect made them less sensitive to the environment, and are still productive in high latitudes where PTCs are not operative. The paper presents the full result of the research that was registered as a patent.
Laboratory testing of a high efficiency light redirection system
Authors: Thanachareonkit A , Fernandes L L , Mouledoux J , Lee E S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Automated daylight redirecting slat technologies are designed to divert sunlight into the living space. They have a distinct advantage in that they can be retracted and extended, and slat angles can be adjusted according to the solar geometry and sky conditions. This study aimed to explore the geometric and photometric properties of a novel high-efficiency light redirection system (LRS). The LRS prototypes were installed in the clerestory window in the south-facing window testbed office and monitored under real sun and sky conditions. Workplane illuminance, daylight delivery efficiency (DDE) and visual comfort were evaluated. A number of simulation studies were conducted to evaluate the LRS and compare the results to the laboratory tests. The study shows that the specular properties of the slats provided significantly higher work plane illuminance and DDE. All systems showed an acceptable discomfort glare, or daylight glare probability (DGP) lower than 0.35. The comparison of the laboratory test and computer simulation was conducted using a Radiance tool. The results show that, for specular slats, the mkillum method with plastic material provided accurate work plane illuminance compared to the measurement. All simulated DGP shows accurate results compared to the laboratory test.
Urban cooling strategies as interaction opportunities in the public space: a methodological proposal
Authors: Stavropulos-Laffaille X. , Requena-Ruiz I. , Drozd C. , Leduc T. , Servières M. , Siret D. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the context of global warming, cities promote temporary or permanent public space designs based on the integration of various cooling techniques, hereafter called spatio-climatic devices, to locally cool down the atmosphere and preserve urban liveability. Such public spaces create interaction opportunities for citizens to seek thermal pleasure outdoors. To inform about the citizens’ thermal experience of these spaces, this paper explores fieldwork and data analysis methods at the crossroads of urban climatology, environmental psychology and urban design. Four spatio-climatic configurations are investigated in the ‘Extraordinary Garden’ in Nantes (France) through mobile microclimate measurements and ethnographic observations. By applying an ‘urban transect’ approach, preliminary selected microclimate, behavioural and activity observation data is displayed together with spatial information. This allows to highlight thermal situations induced by urban design and to link them to specific citizen-environment interactions. As a result, this approach contributes to a better characterization of urban cool spots as a strategy for more resilient public spaces.
Fighting energy poverty in a typical Peruvian rural house
Authors: Gutierrez Gino , Angelis Enrico De 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study evaluates a typical, informal construction in the Peruvian highlands of Cuzco, a site at an Equatorial latitude (13,5° S), approximately, 3.400 mamsl, with a subtropical highland climate (Köppen Cwb). Its aim is to compare low-cost passive retrofit strategies, applicable in cities and rural areas with similar climate, and validate a best choice. To carry out this study a dynamic energy simulation was performed, using the typical meteorological year (IWEC) provided by ASHRAE. The model was used to understand the effects of simple changes in the envelope configuration and the associated effect on infiltration, and their combination, on the indoor comfort and the energy performance of the building. The outcomes were displayed in a simple Energy-needs/transformation cost chart and a Pareto curve was selected, identifying an optimal subset of solutions. Adequate indoor conditions can be obtained with the implementation of only passive strategies, mainly empowering the thermal insulation of walls, roofs and windows using simple, low cost, local technologies, and the control of the heat transmission toward the soil: the energy poverty of the informal settlements of Cuzco can be fought with very simple initiatives, that require investments with a reasonably short return of investment.
Enhanced drought resistance of vegetation growth in cities due to urban heat, CO2 domes and O3 troughs
Authors: Fu Peng , Hu Leiqiu , Ainsworth Elizabeth A , Tai Xiaonan , Myint Soe W , Zhan Wenfeng , Blakely Bethany J , Bernacchi Carl J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sustained increase in atmospheric CO2 is strongly coupled with rising temperature and persistent droughts. While elevated CO2 promotes photosynthesis and growth of vegetation, drier and warmer climate can potentially negate this benefit, complicating the prediction of future terrestrial carbon dynamics. Manipulative studies such as free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments have been useful for studying the joint effect of global change factors on vegetation growth; however, their results do not easily transfer to natural ecosystems partly due to their short-duration nature and limited consideration of climatic gradients and potential confounding factors, such as O3. Urban environments serve as a useful small-scale analogy of future climate at least in reference to CO2 and temperature enhancements. Here, we develop a data-driven approach using urban environments as test beds for revealing the joint effect of changing temperature and CO2 on vegetation response to drought. Using 75 urban-rural paired plots from three climate zones over the conterminous United States (CONUS), we find vegetation in urban areas exhibits a much stronger resistance to drought than in rural areas. Statistical analysis suggests the drought resistance enhancement of urban vegetation across CONUS is attributed to rising temperature (with a partial correlation coefficient of 0.36) and CO2 (with a partial correlation coefficient of 0.31) and reduced O3 concentration (with a partial correlation coefficient of −0.12) in cities. The controlling factor(s) responsible for urban-rural differences in drought resistance of vegetation vary across climate regions, such as surface O3 gradients in the arid climate, and surface CO2 and O3 gradients in the temperate and continental climates. Thus, our study provides new observational insights on the impacts of competing factors on vegetation growth at a large scale, and ultimately, helps reduce uncertainties in understanding terrestrial carbon dynamics.
Probing biexciton in monolayer WS2 through controlled many-body interaction
Authors: Chatterjee Suman , Das Sarthak , Gupta Garima , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Majumdar Kausik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The monolayers of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides host strongly bound excitonic complexes and are an excellent platform for exploring many-body physics. Here we demonstrate a controlled kinetic manipulation of the five-particle excitonic complex, the charged biexciton, through a systematic dependence of the biexciton peak on excitation power, gate voltage, and temperature using steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence. With the help of a combination of the experimental data and a rate equation model, we argue that the binding energy of the charged biexciton is less than the spectral separation of its peak from the neutral exciton. We also note that while the momentum-direct radiative recombination of the neutral exciton is restricted within the light cone, such restriction is relaxed for a charged biexciton recombination due to the presence of near-parallel excited and final states in the momentum space.
Experimental error mitigation using linear rescaling for variational quantum eigensolving with up to 20 qubits
Authors: Rosenberg Eliott , Ginsparg Paul , McMahon Peter L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Quantum computers have the potential to help solve a range of physics and chemistry problems, but noise in quantum hardware currently limits our ability to obtain accurate results from the execution of quantum-simulation algorithms. Various methods have been proposed to mitigate the impact of noise on variational algorithms, including several that model the noise as damping expectation values of observables. In this work, we benchmark various methods, including a new method proposed here. We compare their performance in estimating the ground-state energies of several instances of the 1D mixed-field Ising model using the variational-quantum-eigensolver algorithm with up to 20 qubits on two of IBM’s quantum computers. We find that several error-mitigation techniques allow us to recover energies to within 10% of the true values for circuits containing up to about 25 ansatz layers, where each layer consists of CNOT gates between all neighboring qubits and Y-rotations on all qubits.
A short review on the advancement in the development of TiO2 and ZnO based photo-anodes for the application of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)
Authors: Kumar Deepak 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Population growth significantly expanding the boundaries of residential areas and living standards for humankind results in a tremendous increase in energy consumption. Unlike fossil fuels, which are found only in a few sites and non-renewable sources, solar energy is renewable and freely available in every part of the world. A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a suitable electrochemical device to harness solar energy to produce power and is advantageous for its simplicity and inexpensive cost. Variations in photo-electrodes micro/nanostructure shape, doping, size, and crystal phase can improve the DSSCs performance by enhancing dye loading, improved light scattering ability, and/or faster electron transit and longer electron lifetime. The high yielding techniques for producing diverse morphologies for nanoparticles with appropriate band gaps might thus be considered another feasible strategy for improving cell performance. The impact of influencing parameters on photovoltaic characteristics of photo-anode for DSSC application is investigated in this review article. The descriptions are presented by compiling a list of relevant literature reports.
Assessment of Patient Satisfaction With Appearance, Psychological Well-being, and Aging Appraisal After Upper Blepharoplasty: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Domela Nieuwenhuis Ileen , Luong Kim Phi , Vissers Lieke C M , Hummelink Stefan , Slijper Harm P , Ulrich Dietmar J O 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
To determine the success of an upper blepharoplasty, a popular cosmetic procedure, it is essential to measure outcomes from the patient perspective because these often outweigh objective outcomes.

Objectives
This study aimed to assess patient-reported satisfaction with facial appearance, psychological well-being, and aging appraisal after upper blepharoplasty with validated questionnaires.

Methods
This prospective cohort study included upper blepharoplasty patients from 8 outpatient clinics. Patient-reported satisfaction was assessed with the FACE-Q at intake, and 6 and 12 months postoperatively.

Results
In total, 2134 patients were included. High satisfaction with outcome and decision to undergo treatment were measured 6 months postoperatively. Large improvements in FACE-Q scores (range, 0-100) between intake and 6 months postoperatively were seen for satisfaction with appearance (mean, effect size: eyes +48, 2.6; upper eyelids +48, 3.1; facial appearance overall +26, 1.4), psychological well-being (+11, 0.56), and aging appraisal (+22, 1.0). Patients reported they appeared a mean [standard deviation] 3.3 [5.2] years younger postblepharoplasty. No clinically relevant changes were seen between 6 and 12 months. Additionally, improvements in appearance were not dependent on their intake scores, whereas improvements in psychological well-being and aging appraisal were smaller in patients with higher intake scores. Satisfaction with treatment outcome was strongly correlated with appearance satisfaction but not with aging appraisal.

Conclusions
Significant improvements in patient satisfaction regarding appearance, psychological well-being, and aging appraisal can be seen 6 months after blepharoplasty, and outcomes remain stable up to 12 months postoperatively. These data may be used to inform patients and clinicians and improve the overall quality of care.

Level of Evidence: 4
Assessment of Robot-Assisted Mandibular Contouring Surgery in Comparison With Traditional Surgery: A Prospective, Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lin Li , Sun Mengzhe , Xu Cheng , Gao Yuan , Xu Haisong , Yang Xianxian , He Hao , Wang Bingshun , Xie Le , Chai Gang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Few clinical studies on robot-assisted surgery (RAS) for mandibular contouring have been reported.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to follow the long-term effectiveness and safety of RAS for craniofacial bone surgery.

Methods
This small-sample, early-phase, prospective, randomized controlled study included patients diagnosed with mandibular deformity requiring mandibular contouring surgery. Patients of both genders aged 18 to 30 years without complicated craniofacial repair defects were enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio by a permuted-block randomized assignments list generated by the study statistician. The primary outcomes were the positioning accuracy and accuracy of the osteotomy plane angle 1 week after surgery. Surgical auxiliary measurement index, patient satisfaction scale, surgical pain scale, perioperative period, and complications at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery were also analyzed.

Results
One patient was lost to follow-up, resulting in a total of 14 patients in the traditional surgery group and 15 in the robot-assisted group (mean [standard deviation] age, 22.65 [3.60] years). Among the primary outcomes, there was a significant difference in the positioning accuracy (2.91 mm vs 1.65 mm; P &lt; 0.01) and angle accuracy (13.26º vs 4.85º; P &lt; 0.01) between the 2 groups. Secondary outcomes did not significantly differ.

Conclusions
Compared to traditional surgery, robot-assisted mandibular contouring surgery showed improved precision in bone shaving, as well as higher safety.

Level of Evidence: 2
Questions to Heaven
Authors: Fernando Benjamin , Wójcicka Natalia , Han Zhanwen , Stott Alexander , Ceylan Savas , Charalambous Constantinos , Collins Gareth S , Estévez Daniel , Froment Marouchka , Golombek Matthew , Gülzow Peter , Horleston Anna , Karatekin Ozgur , Kawamura Taichi , Larmat Carene , Maguire Ross , Nissen-Meyer Tarje , Plasman Matthieu , Qia Yuqi , Rolland Lucie , Spiga Aymeric , Stähler Simon , Teanby Nicholas A , Zhao Yu-Yan Sara , Giardini Domenico , Lognonné Philippe , Daubar Ingrid J 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBenjamin Fernando and colleagues report on the international cooperation involved InSight's attempt to gather seismic data from the arrival at Mars of China's Zhurong rover.
Plasma protein binding prediction focusing on residue-level features and circularity of cyclic peptides by deep learning
Authors: Li Jianan , Yanagisawa Keisuke , Yoshikawa Yasushi , Ohue Masahito , Akiyama Yutaka 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMotivationIn recent years, cyclic peptide drugs have been receiving increasing attention because they can target proteins that are difficult to be tackled by conventional small-molecule drugs or antibody drugs. Plasma protein binding rate (%PPB) is a significant pharmacokinetic property of a compound in drug discovery and design. However, due to structural differences, previous computational prediction methods developed for small-molecule compounds cannot be successfully applied to cyclic peptides, and methods for predicting the PPB rate of cyclic peptides with high accuracy are not yet available.ResultsCyclic peptides are larger than small molecules, and their local structures have a considerable impact on PPB; thus, molecular descriptors expressing residue-level local features of cyclic peptides, instead of those expressing the entire molecule, as well as the circularity of the cyclic peptides should be considered. Therefore, we developed a prediction method named CycPeptPPB using deep learning that considers both factors. First, the macrocycle ring of cyclic peptides was decomposed residue by residue. The residue-based descriptors were arranged according to the sequence information of the cyclic peptide. Furthermore, the circular data augmentation method was used, and the circular convolution method CyclicConv was devised to express the cyclic structure. CycPeptPPB exhibited excellent performance, with mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.79% and correlation coefficient (R) of 0.92 for the public drug dataset, compared to the prediction performance of the existing PPB rate prediction software (MAE=15.08%, R=0.63).Availability and implementationThe data underlying this article are available in the online supplementary material. The source code of CycPeptPPB is available at https://github.com/akiyamalab/cycpeptppb.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.