bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Running Readiness Scale as an Assessment of Kinematics Related to Knee Injury in Novice Female Runners
Authors: Harrison Kathryn , Williams D.S. Blaise , Darter Benjamin J. , Sima Adam , Zernicke Ron , Shall Mary , Finucane Sheryl 
Published: November 2021

ContextFrontal- and transverse-plane kinematics have been prospectively identified as risk factors for running-related injuries in females. The Running Readiness Scale (RRS) may allow for clinical evaluation of these kinematics.ObjectivesTo determine the reliability and validity of the RRS as an assessment of frontal- and transverse-plane running kinematics.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingUniversity research laboratory.Patients or Other ParticipantsA total of 56 novice female runners (median [interquartile range] age = 34 years [26–47 years]).Main Outcome Measure(s)We collected 3-dimensional kinematics during running and RRS tasks: hopping, plank, step-ups, single-legged squats, and wall sit. Five clinicians assessed RRS performances 3 times each. Interrater and intrarater reliabilities of the total RRS score and individual tasks were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Fleiss κ, respectively. Pearson product moment correlation coefficients between peak joint angles measured during running and the same angles measured during RRS tasks were computed. Peak joint angles of high- and low-scoring participants were compared.ResultsInterrater and intrarater reliabilities of assessment of the total RRS scores were good (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.75 and 0.80, respectively). Reliability of assessing individual tasks was moderate to almost perfect (κ = 0.58–1.00). Peak hip adduction, contralateral pelvic drop, and knee abduction during running were correlated with the same angles measured during hopping, step-ups, and single-legged squats (r = 0.537–0.939). Peak knee internal rotation during running was correlated with peak knee internal rotation during step-ups (r = 0.831). Runners who scored high on the RRS demonstrated less knee abduction during running (P ≤ .01).ConclusionsThe RRS may effectively assess knee abduction in novice runners, but evaluation criteria or tasks may need to be modified to effectively characterize pelvic and transverse-plane knee kinematics.
Binocular therapy as primary intervention in adults with anisometropic amblyopia
Authors: Murali Kaushik , Ramesh Arpitha , Murthy Sowmya Raveendra , Goyal Aditya 
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE:
Refractive correction and patching is the timetested mainstay of treatment for anisometropic amblyopia within the critical period of visual development. Binocular therapies using dichoptic training which overcome suppression by balancing the contrast between two eyes has been increasingly gaining ground. We evaluated the efficacy of dichoptic training in the adult population with anisometropic amblyopia. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of dichopticbased active vision therapy, using “VisuoPrime” software as primary intervention, in adults with anisometropic amblyopes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A prospective interventional study in adults (18–40 years) with anisometropic amblyopia was conducted from August 2019 to March 2020. METHODS: Twentynine subjects with anisometropic amblyopia played binocular games through “VisuoPrime” software 30 min daily for 6 weeks. Bestcorrected visual acuity (BCVA) and binocularity was assessed at 1 and 3 months. Student's paired ttest, Wilcoxon signedrank sum test and MannWhitney tests were used. Statistical package of SPSS version 20.0 was used for analysis, considering P < 0.05 as statistically significant.

RESULTS:
BCVA of the amblyopic eye improved from 0.60 ± 0.40 logMAR to 0.45 ± 0.29 logMAR and 0.38 ± 0.23 logMAR at 1 and 3 months, respectively (P = 0.0001). Near acuity improved from 0.21 ± 0.14 to 0.14 ± 0.08 logMAR and 0.1 ± 0.04 logMAR at 1 and 3 months respectively (P < 0.0001). Improvement in stereopsis was observed in 24% of subjects which maintained at 3 month followup.

CONCLUSION:
Dichopticbased active vision therapy using “VisuoPrime” software was effective as a primary modality in adults with anisometropic amblyopia.
Synovial fluid niche promoted differentiation of dental follicle mesenchymal stem cells toward chondrogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Genç Deniz , Sezer Kürkçü Merve , Yiğittürk Gürkan , Günaydın Burcu , Elbe Hülya , Aladağ Akın , Çöl Bekir , Figen Tarhan Emine 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the differentiation potential of dental follicle mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the synovial fluid (SF) niche of early-onset or end-stage rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Patients and methods: Between May 2020 and January 2021, six patients (1 male, 5 females; mean age: 57.5±11.2 years; range, 49 to 65 years) who were diagnosed with RA with the indication of SF aspiration were included in the study. The third passage dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) were cocultured with fresh SF samples of end-stage or early-onset RA patients in micromass culture system for 21 days. SF samples were analyzed for secreted cytokines. Chondrogenic markers (CD49e, CD49f) were analyzed in DFSCs, gene expression analysis was performed for the expressions of Col I, Col II, Aggrecan and Sox-9, and histochemical analysis was performed by staining three-dimensional pellets with anti-collagen II antibody. The neutralization assay was performed with anti-interleukin (IL)-6, anti-interferon-gamma (IFN-g), and anti-IL-1beta(b).
Results: The high levels of IL-1b and IL-6 were observed in end-stage RA patients’ SF samples compared to the early-onset patients (p<0.05). The CD49e and CD49f expressions in DFSCs were significantly higher in the SF samples of end-stage RA patients (p<0.05). Also, the Col II, Sox-9 and Aggrecan messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expressions increased in the DFSCs, when cultured with end-stage RA patients’ SF samples (p<0.01). Collagen-II expression in histochemical analysis of micromass pellets was higher in the DFSCs cultured with end-stage RA patients’ SF samples. The neutralization of IL-6 significantly decreased the CD49e and CD49f expressions (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The high levels of IL-6 in SF niche of end-stage RA patients were found to differentiate DFSCs toward chondrogenesis. Based on these findings, DFSCs can be used as a new cell-based treatment in RA patients for the cartilage damage.
Pharmacy students’ perceptions of collaborations, barriers, and attitude towards patient-centred care in persons with mental disorder in south-west Nigeria
Authors: Eze Uchenna I.H , Tugbobo Adepeju Oluwaseyi , Iheanacho Chinonyerem Ogadi 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Patient-centred care is critical for enhanced management of mental disorders, this proves the need for an adequate understanding of students’ attitudes and view about it.
Aim: The study assessed pharmacy students’ perceptions of collaborations, barriers, and attitudes towards patient-centred care in persons with mental disorders.
Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 87 final year pharmacy students. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS version 15.0. Average scores of more than 3.50 were considered positive.
Results: Eighty students participated in the study, indicating 94.1% response rate. Lack of access to patients, 47 (58.8%) was mostly perceived to affect patient-centred care to mentally ill patients. Few, 14 (17.5%) experienced full cooperation from other health professionals. Average mean scores of 3.82 ± 0.89 and 4.44 ± 0.731 were observed for students’ attitudes and perceptions of the pharmacist-patient relationship respectively during consultations.
Conclusion: Lack of access to patients, low collaborations from other healthcare personnel, positive attitude towards mental illness, and positive perception of pharmacist-patient relationship were observed.
Burden and outcome of community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients admitted to National Referral Hospital, Bhutan
Authors: Choki Sonam , Adhikari Chhabi Lal , Sonam Dhrupthob , Chhoden R Sonam 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Community acquired pneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally with the highest burden being reported from Asia. In Bhutan, community acquired pneumonia was reported to be one of the top five causes of mortality and one of the top ten causes of morbidity.
Methods: This was an observational study done in a cohort of adult patients with community acquired pneumonia who were admitted to National Referral Hospital of Bhutan from February 2020 – February 2021 using purposive sampling. The Research Ethics Board of Health, Bhutan, gave ethical approval. We evaluated the burden and outcome of the community acquired pneumonia, and assessed the predictive capability of CURB-65 score to predict mortality as an outcome in these patients.
Results: The inpatient burden of community acquired pneumonia was found to be 4.7% among patients admitted to medical wards. The mortality was 7.8%. 15.7 % of patients were managed in the intensive care unit out of which 5.9% patients needed mechanical ventilation. The mean hospital length of stay of these patients was 13 days. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of CURB-65 score to predict death as an outcome in these patients were 87.5%, 43.6%, 11.7% and 97.6% respectively.
Conclusion: The inpatient burden of Community Acquired Pneumonia in the National Referral Hospital is of concern. The CURB-65 score can be used a supplement to clinical judgement to assess the severity of the disease and make appropriate management decisions.
Refined burned-area mapping protocol using Sentinel-2 data increases estimate of 2019 Indonesian burning
Authors: Gaveau David L. A. , Descals Adrià , Salim Mohammad A. , Sheil Douglas , Sloan Sean 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Many nations are challenged by landscape fires. A confident knowledge of the
area and distribution of burning is crucial to monitor these fires and to
assess how they might best be reduced. Given the differences that arise using
different detection approaches, and the uncertainties surrounding burned-area
estimates, their relative merits require evaluation. Here we propose,
illustrate, and examine one promising approach for Indonesia where recurring
forest and peatland fires have become an international crisis. Drawing on Sentinel-2 satellite time-series analysis, we present and validate
new 2019 burned-area estimates for Indonesia. The corresponding burned-area
map is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551243 (Gaveau et al., 2021a). We
show that >3.11 million hectares (Mha) burned in 2019. This burned-area
extent is double the Landsat-derived official estimate of 1.64 Mha
from the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry and 50 %
more that the MODIS MCD64A1 burned-area estimate of 2.03 Mha. Though
we observed proportionally less peatland burning (31 % vs.
39 % and 40 % for the official and MCD64A1 products,
respectively), in absolute terms we still observed a greater area of peatland
affected (0.96 Mha) than the official estimate
(0.64 Mha). This new burned-area dataset has greater reliability than
these alternatives, attaining a user accuracy of 97.9 % (CI:
97.1 %–98.8 %) compared to 95.1 % (CI:
93.5 %–96.7 %) and 76 % (CI:
73.3 %–78.7 %), respectively. It omits fewer burned
areas, particularly smaller- (<100 ha) to intermediate-sized
(100–1000 ha) burns, attaining a producer accuracy of
75.6 % (CI: 68.3 %–83.0 %) compared to
49.5 % (CI: 42.5 %–56.6 %) and
53.1 % (CI: 45.8 %–60.5 %),
respectively. The frequency–area distribution of the Sentinel-2 burn scars
follows the apparent fractal-like power law or Pareto pattern often
reported in other fire studies, suggesting good detection over several
magnitudes of scale. Our relatively accurate estimates have important
implications for carbon-emission calculations from forest and peatland fires
in Indonesia.
Carne y luz
Authors: Garrido Maturano Ángel Enrique 
Published: November 2021

El artículo estudia la noción de cuerpo propio y su relación con el mundo en el pensamiento de J. Patočka. Primero analiza la referencia al mundo de las características esenciales del cuerpo propio. Luego muestra en qué medida dicho cuerpo puede ser concebido como resultado del movimiento ontogénico, fenomenológico, regenerativo y teleológico de encarnación del mundo en el hombre. A continuación explicita el sentido último de la existencia corporal humana como movimiento ético de desencarnación del hombre para el mundo. Finalmente interpreta ambos movimientos de encarnación y desencarnación como testimonio de la acción de lo divino en el universo.
Morality and the Affects
Authors: Reginster Bernard 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this article, I examine Nietzsche's famous claim that moralities are a “sign-language” or “symptomatology” of the affective states of moral agents. I sketch out the sentimentalist interpretation of this claim, which has become prevalent in the scholarly literature, and argue that it cannot be correct. The relation it posits between values and the affects that explain them displays certain distinctive characteristics—noncontingency, expressive transparency, and specificity—which the relation between affects and values Nietzsche envisages in the examples that illustrate his claim ostensibly lacks. I argue that the relation between affects and values is better understood as functional, rather than expressive: he explains moral judgments by showing how they serve certain emotional needs of the agent. Thus, Nietzsche's claim is better understood as articulating a kind of sentimental pragmatism. I conclude with some brief thoughts on the relation between this pragmatism and sentimentalism.
Upaya Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Penerapan Metode Resitasi dengan Media Gambar pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Materi Struktur dan Fungsi Tumbuhan di Kelas VIII-1 Semester 1 SMPN 4 Bolo Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Kasmir Kasmir 
Published: November 2021

Rendahnya hasil belajar pada materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan pembelajaran IPA di kelas VIII-1 SMPN 4 Bolo semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 dengan rata-rata nilai formatif tes siswa berada di titik 75.00 dan ketuntasan klasikal 78.00%, membutuhkan tindakan perbaikan pembelajaran. Penelitian perbaikan pembelajaran ini bertujuan menjelaskan dan menganalisis dampak penerapan metode resitasi dengan media gambar dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dan kinerja guru dalam pembelajaran IPA pada materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan di kelas VIII-1 SMPN 4 Bolo semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII-1 berjumlah 30, terdiri dari 13 orang laki-laki dan 17 orang perempuan. Kriteria keberhasilan penelitian ditetapkan dalam hal prestasi belajar adalah ≥80.00 dengan ketuntasan klasikal ≥85.00%, dan kinerja guru untuk perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran adalah 92.00. Setelah pelaksanaan tindakan di siklus I, hasil pos tes menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa rata-rata 78.25. Nilai rata-rata ini telah mengalami peningkatan (+3.25) dan persentase ketuntasan meningkat (+2.00) dibanding sebelum diadakan perbaikan. Sementara itu, kinerja guru untuk perencanaan pembelajaran mencapai nilai 91.80 (+0.30) dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran ada di skor 91.88 (+0.18) pada siklus I. Prestasi belajar siswa dan kinerja guru masih belum sesuai kriteria keberhasilan sehingga perlu dilanjutkan ke siklus selanjutnya. Pada siklus II, hasil pos tes menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa rata-rata 85.55 (+7.30) dengan persentase ketuntasan klasikal 90.75% (10.75). Persentase ini telah memenuhi indikator kinerja yakni ≥85.00%. Dengan demikian pada siklus II ini telah berhasil mencapai indikator yang ditetapkan yakni rata-rata ≥80.00 dan persentase ketuntasan ≥85.00%. Sementara, skor kinerja guru menunjukkan skor kemampuan perencanaan pembelajaran pada angka 93.30 (+1.50) dan kemampuan pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada skor 93.00 (+1.42). Dan skor yang diperoleh di siklus II ini berhasil memenuhi kriteria keberhasilan yang ditetapkan. Dengan demikian, penerapan metode resitasi dengan media gambar dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dan kinerja guru dalam pembelajaran IPA pada materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan di kelas VIII-1 SMPN 4 Bolo semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2020/2021sukses pada siklus II, dan penelitian tindakan berhasil.
Arte e Programas de Inteligência Artificial: GPT-2, GPT-3, Wu Dao 2.0
Authors: Willemart Philippe 
Published: November 2021

O texto faz parte de uma pesquisa tentando relacionar o estudo do manuscrito com a inteligência artificial. A partir da roda da escritura, verifico em que medidas os programas GPT e Wu Dao 2.0 podem seguir ou não a roda. Se para os GPT 2 e 3, parece obvio que não tendo subjetividade, é impossível percorrer a roda, ficamos em dúvida quanto ao programa chinês devido à enorme capacidade jamais visto até hoje.
Representações de Morte e Recomeço na Literatura Infantil de Josué Guimarães
Authors: Barth Pedro Afonso 
Published: November 2021

A última bruxa, instigante e provocativa obra infantil de Josué Guimarães, foi publicada em 1987. Por meio da mobilização da figura da bruxa, Guimarães cria uma história que dialoga com conceitos como morte, vida, eternidade, velhice e recomeço. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a obra citada percebendo como as dicotomias morte x vida, fim x recomeço são fundamentais para a compreensão da narrativa. Defendemos nesse trabalho, que a obra apresenta três possibilidades de interpretação; uma alinhada às vivências do leitor infantil – e assim, a história será uma reinterpretação de contos de fadas. Outra que leva em conta o contexto de produção e assim a obra pode ser lida como uma analogia para a abertura democrática brasileira no final dos 1980. E finalmente, uma terceira leitura, que compreende as referências à magia como metáforas para a própria existência humana na Terra – e assim “A última Bruxa” é uma aguda narrativa sobre o sentido da vida.
Assessment of radioactive gaseous effluent released from Ninh Thuan 1 nuclear power plant under scenario of INES-level 6 nuclear accident
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Khai , Le Dinh Cuong , Do Xuan Anh , Duong Duc Thang , Trinh Van Giap , Nguyen Thi Thu Ha , Nguyen Quang Long , Nguyen Hao Quang , Nguyen Nam Giang , Le Thi Hong Hiep , Nguyen The Phung 
Published: November 2021

Based on guides RG 1.109, RG 1.111 published by United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) our research concentrates on assessing radiation doses caused by radioactive substances released from the Ninh Thuan 1 nuclear power plant (NPP) to the environment under scenario of an INES-level 6 nuclear accident caused by the Station Black Out (SBO) incident and the loss of coolant accident (LOCA) phenomenon using software RASCAL4.3 provided by the Emergency Operations Center of USNRC. The NinhThuan 1 plant is assumed to use the VVER-1200 technology with a total power of 2400 MWe. The input data for the model calculations is based on building the accident scenario, the technical parameters of VVER-1200 technology and the meteorology. In this work the meteorological data on dry and rainy seasons which are typical for the NinhThuan region was considered. The maximum dose values were calculated within an area of 40 km radius from the NPP site. The obtained calculation results showed that the dose distributions affected by meteorological conditions. In the rainy season the dose values near the plant are higher than those in the dry season, especially at the distances less than 10 kilometers from the plant the total effective dose equivalence (TEDE) values can be from about 3.5 to 15 times higher than the dose limit for publics. As a result, it is requested to follow the evolution of the accident in order to issue timely the appropriate response measures based on the guidance specified by the Circular 25/2014/TT-BKHCN.
Urbanization and the lost of river activity on Malay human settlement
Authors: Wahid Julaihi , Abdullah Azli 
Published: November 2021

Malaysia, as any other country, is constantly evolving in all facets of life, including architecture, economy, and culture. Despite that, the Malay settlement on the River's fringe remains an early settlement due to the Malays' strong connections to agriculture and socio-culture. The Malay's brilliance in establishing settlements on the river's fringe is among the leading reasons for this community's glorious history in the maritime world. However, today's shift in river activity has eroded the strong bond in Malay settlement. Therefore, affecting the Malay settlements, which have a significant impact on their economic growth. The research methodology employs previous researchers' exploratory techniques focusing on the effects of urbanization, as well as socioeconomic data from 350 local respondents collected during the field survey in April 2019, and observation analysis information commonly used by architects to evaluate the context of the discussion. These include physical, social, cultural, and public amenities, and the data gathered then was amalgamated using IBM SPSS V26, supplemented by interview techniques and pictorial documentation. Mapping techniques are being used to generate existing settlements patterns by utilizing the Google Earth software. Finally, AutoCAD 2018 software is used to demonstrate the current settlement pattern in the case study situation. According to the results of the study, the pace of urbanization is speeding up and creeping into the Malay settlements. The destruction of river activities in order to change Malay settlement patterns and force them to follow or reject the current trend of urbanization.
THE MACROPHYTE FLORA AND VEGETATION OF THE PAUČKO LAKE (MT. KONJUH)
Authors: Kamberović Jasmina , Adrović Avdul , Modrić Enes , Lukić Zorana , Nešković Radenko 
Published: November 2021

UDK: 581.9:574.5 (497.6) (285)
The study presents the first data on biodiversity of macrophyte flora and vegetation of Paučko Lake, which is recognized as an area of great natural, landscape and hydrological value in the Protected Landscape “Konjuh”. Paučko Lake has a small surface and it’s located at 711 m a.s.l. in the catchment area of the Drinjača River. The aquatic and marsh vegetation were studied during spring and summer in 2018 using the traditional Zürich-Montpellier approach. The vegetation of Paučko Lake is comprised of aquatic and marsh associations of the classes Potamogetonetea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941 and Phragmito-Magnocaricetea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941. The following aquatic and marsh plant associations were identified: Myriophyllo-Potametum Soó 1934, Scirpo-Phragmitetum australis W. Koch 1926, Thelypterido palustris-Phragmitetum australis Kuiperex van Donselaar et al. 1961, Schoenoplectetum lacustris Chouard 1924, Typhetum latipholiae Lang. 1973 and Scirpetum silvatici Ht et H-ić prov. (in Ht et al.1974). Rare vulnerable taxa Thelypteris palustris Schott and Menyanthes trifoliata L. were recorded in emerged littoral communities, whose habitats are under successional changes caused by excessive macrophyte overgrowth by competitor species. Restoration measures are necessary to be taken to preserve the habitats of endangered species of the Paučko Lake.