bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose–response effect of postprocedural elevated cardiac troponin level on adverse clinical outcomes following adult noncardiac surgery: a systematic review protocol of prospective studies
Authors: An Tao , Tian Yue , Guo Jingfei , Kang Wenying , Tian Tao , Zhou Chenghui 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionMyocardial injury after noncardiac surgery has been recognised as an important complication associated with short-term and long-term morbidity and mortality. However, whether a higher level of postoperative cardiac troponin (cTn) is associated with a higher incidence of major complications remains controversial. Hence, we will conduct a comprehensive dose–response meta-analysis based on all relevant prospective studies to quantitatively evaluate the association between elevated postoperative cTn levels and short-/long-term adverse clinical outcomes following adult noncardiac surgery.MethodsWe will search the PubMed, EMBase, Cochrane Library, ISI Knowledge via Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and VIP databases (from inception until October 2020) to identify all prospective cohort studies using the relevant keywords. The primary outcome will be all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes will include cardiovascular mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Univariable or multivariable meta-regression and subgroup analyses will be conducted for the comparison between elevated versus nonelevated categories of postoperative cTn levels. Sensitivity analyses will be used to assess the robustness of our results by removing each included study at one time to obtain and evaluate the remaining overall estimates of all-cause mortality or MACE. To conduct a dose–response meta-analysis for the potential linear or restricted cubic spline regression relationship between postoperative elevated cTn levels and all-cause mortality or MACE, studies with three or more categories will be included.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is waived for the systematic review protocol according to the Institutional Review Board/Independent Ethics Committee of Fuwai Hospital. This meta-analysis will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal for publication and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020173175.
Everyday life in a Swedish nursing home during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative interview study with persons 85 to 100 years
Authors: Lood Qarin , Haak Maria , Dahlin-Ivanoff Synneve 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo understand and report on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the everyday lives of frail older persons living in nursing homes by exploring their experiences of how the pandemic-related restrictions had influenced them and in what way.DesignEmpirical qualitative interview study.SettingA publicly run nursing home in an urban area in Sweden in June 2020. The nursing home had visitor restrictions, cancelled activities and physical distancing requirements since March 2020.ParticipantsA total of 10 persons, 85–100 years, living in a Swedish nursing home during the COVID-19 pandemic, were recruited through nursing home management and interviewed in June 2020 using medically approved visors and physical distancing.AnalysisInterviews were analysed using thematic analysis, which involves familiarisation, coding and definition of themes. Transcripts were coded into data-driven categories before being organised into categories that described and explained the data.ResultsThe analysis resulted in the main theme ‘It is like living in a bubble’, that describes everyday life in the nursing home during the pandemic as a world of its own in which the older persons felt both protected and isolated. This is described in four subthemes: living 1 day at a time, without fear of the virus; feeling taken care of; having limited freedom and missing out on the little extras.ConclusionsContributing to the growing area of COVID-19-related research, our findings provide novel insights into how pandemic-related restrictions in nursing homes represent a risk of isolating older people from the outside world and diminishing their freedom. Put in relation to the previous research, these findings could be applied beyond the pandemic, to develop research and practice that puts focus on how to support older people to decide for themselves how to spend the rest of their lives.
Patient experiences and perceptions of chronic disease care during the COVID-19 pandemic in India: a qualitative study
Authors: Singh Kavita , Kaushik Aprajita , Johnson Leslie , Jaganathan Suganthi , Jarhyan Prashant , Deepa Mohan , Kong Sandra , Venkateshmurthy Nikhil Srinivasapura , Kondal Dimple , Mohan Sailesh , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Ali Mohammed K , Tandon Nikhil , Narayan K M Venkat , Mohan Viswanathan , Eggleston Karen , Prabhakaran Dorairaj 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivePeople with chronic conditions are known to be vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to describe patients’ lived experiences, challenges faced by people with chronic conditions, their coping strategies, and the social and economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.Design, setting and participantsWe conducted a qualitative study using a syndemic framework to understand the patients’ experiences of chronic disease care, challenges faced during the lockdown, their coping strategies and mitigators during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of socioecological and biological factors. A diverse sample of 41 participants with chronic conditions (hypertension, diabetes, stroke and cardiovascular diseases) from four sites (Delhi, Haryana, Vizag and Chennai) in India participated in semistructured interviews. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, translated, anonymised and coded using MAXQDA software. We used the framework method to qualitatively analyse the COVID-19 pandemic impacts on health, social and economic well-being.ResultsParticipant experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic were categorised into four themes: challenges faced during the lockdown, experiences of the participants diagnosed with COVID-19, preventive measures taken and lessons learnt during the COVID-19 pandemic. A subgroup of participants faced difficulties in accessing healthcare while a few reported using teleconsultations. Most participants reported adverse economic impact of the pandemic which led to higher reporting of anxiety and stress. Participants who tested COVID-19 positive reported experiencing discrimination and stigma from neighbours. All participants reported taking essential preventive measures.ConclusionPeople with chronic conditions experienced a confluence (reciprocal effect) of COVID-19 pandemic and chronic diseases in the context of difficulty in accessing healthcare, sedentary lifestyle and increased stress and anxiety. Patients’ lived experiences during the pandemic provide important insights to inform effective transition to a mixed realm of online consultations and ‘distanced’ physical clinic visits.
Ten years of implementation outcome research: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Lengnick-Hall Rebecca , Proctor Enola K , Bunger Alicia C , Gerke Donald R 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionA 2011 paper proposed a working taxonomy of implementation outcomes, their conceptual distinctions and a two-pronged research agenda on their role in implementation success. Since then, over 1100 papers citing the manuscript have been published. Our goal is to compare the field’s progress to the originally proposed research agenda, and outline recommendations for the next 10 years. To accomplish this, we are conducting the proposed scoping review.Methods and analysisOur approach is informed by Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews. We will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. We first aim to assess the degree to which each implementation outcome has been investigated in the literature, including healthcare settings, clinical populations and innovations represented. We next aim to describe the relationship between implementation strategies and outcomes. Our last aim is to identify studies that empirically assess relationships among implementation and/or service and client outcomes. We will use a forward citation tracing approach to identify all literature that cited the 2011 paper in the Web of Science (WOS) and will supplement this with citation alerts sent to the second author for a 6-month period coinciding with the WOS citation search. Our review will focus on empirical studies that are designed to assess at least one of the identified implementation outcomes in the 2011 taxonomy and are published in peer-reviewed journals. We will generate descriptive statistics from extracted data and organise results by these research aims.Ethics and disseminationNo human research participants will be involved in this review. We plan to share findings through a variety of means including peer-reviewed journal publications, national conference presentations, invited workshops and webinars, email listservs affiliated with our institutions and professional associations, and academic social media.
Physical activity referral scheme components: a study protocol for systematic review and meta-regression
Authors: Mino Eriselda , Geidl Wolfgang , Naber Inga , Weissenfels Anja , Klamroth Sarah , Gelius Peter , Abu-Omar Karim , Pfeifer Klaus 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionIn its attempt to establish effective physical activity promotion methods, research on physical activity referral schemes (PARS) is attracting significant attention. Sometimes known as physical activity on prescription schemes, PARS involve a well-defined procedure whereby a primary healthcare professional introduces a participant to the topic of physical activity and employs prescription or referral forms to connect the participant to physical activity opportunities, such as local fitness offers. The planned systematic review will focus on these referral routes and scheme components and how they are integrated into various PARS models worldwide. We seek to identify the evidence-based core components that play the most important roles in the effectiveness of PARS.Methods and analysisThe development and reporting of the protocol follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. We plan to conduct a systematic main literature search on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, HTA, SpringerLink and other databases. We will include studies that report outcomes on physical activity, PARS uptake and adherence rates or descriptive information about PARS models. We intend for all review stages, citation screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment to be conducted by at least two independent reviewers. As a broad spectrum of study designs, including randomised and non-randomised studies of interventions and mixed methods, will be eligible, we will use three separate tools to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. The data will be primarily synthesised narratively, following Intervention Component Analysis. If the data allow, we will perform a random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression to investigate the impact of specific PARS components on effect sizes.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review does not require formal ethics approval. The results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and international conferences to reach the scientific community.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021233229.
Co-morbid anaemia and stunting among children 2–5 years old in southern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Orsango Alemselam Zebdewos , Loha Eskindir , Lindtjørn Bernt , Engebretsen Ingunn Marie Stadskleiv 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundIn Ethiopia, 38% of children less than 5 years of age are stunted and 57% are anaemic. Both have a negative impact later in life on physical growth and cognitive development and often coexist. There are few studies in Ethiopia that assessed co-morbid anaemia and stunting (CAS) and context-specific factors associated with it.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of CAS, and factors associated with CAS among children aged 2 to 5 years, in southern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 331 randomly selected children in 2017. Mothers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to obtain child and household information. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples for haemoglobin were collected. Stunting was defined as height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) less than −2 SDs and anaemia was defined as altitude-adjusted haemoglobin levels less than 11.0 g/dL. CAS was defined when a child was both stunted and anaemic. Crude and adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with CAS.ResultsOut of 331 children studied, 17.8% (95% CI 13.87% to 22.4%) had CAS. Factors found significantly linked with higher odds of CAS were increased child age (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.0 (1.0 to 1.1)) and no iron supplementation during the last pregnancy (AOR (95% CI) 2.9 (1.3 to 6.2)). One factor found significantly linked to lower odds of CAS was food secured households (AOR (95% CI) 0.3 (0.1 to 0.9)).ConclusionsCo-morbid anaemia and stunting among children in the study area is of concern; it is associated with household food security, iron supplementation during pregnancy and child age. Therefore, comprehensive interventions focusing on improving household food security and promoting iron supplementation for pregnant women are suggested.
Music therapy effectiveness by duration in patients with cancer: a meta-regression
Authors: Chow Ronald , Bergner Robert , Prsic Elizabeth 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesSeveral reviews and meta-analyses have reported on music therapy for physical and emotional well-being among patients with cancer. However, the duration of music therapy offered may range from less than 1 hour to several hours. The aim of this study is to assess whether longer duration of music therapy is associated with different levels of improvement in physical and mental well-being.MethodsTen studies were included in this paper, reporting on the endpoints of quality of life and pain. A meta-regression, using an inverse-variance model, was performed to assess the impact of total music therapy time. A sensitivity analysis was conducted for the outcome of pain, among low risk of bias trials.ResultsOur meta-regression found a trend for positive association between greater total music therapy time and improved better pain control, but it was not statistically significant.ConclusionThere is a need for more high-quality studies examining music therapy for patients with cancer, with a focus on total music therapy time and patient-related outcomes including quality of life and pain.
Effectiveness of the population-based ‘check your health preventive programme’ conducted in a primary care setting: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bjerregaard Anne-Louise , Dalsgaard Else-Marie , Bruun Niels-Henrik , Norman Kasper , Witte Daniel R , Stovring Henrik , Maindal Helle Terkildsen , Sandbæk Annelli 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundHealth checks have been suggested as an early detection approach aiming at lowering the risk of chronic disease development. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a health check programme offered to the general population, aged 30–49 years.MethodsThe entire population aged 30–49 years (N=26 216) living in the municipality of Randers, Denmark, was invited to a health check during 5 years. A pragmatic household cluster-randomised controlled trial was conducted in 10 505 citizens. The intervention group (IG, N=5250) included citizens randomised to the second year and reinvited in the 5th year. The comparison group (CG, N=5255) included citizens randomised to the 5th year. Outcomes were modelled cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk; self-reported physical activity (PA) and objectively measured cardio respiratory fitness (CRF); self-rated health (short-form 12 (SF-12)), self-rated mental health (SF-12_Mental Component Score (MCS)) and, registry information on sick-leave and employment. Due to low participation, we compared groups matched on propensity scores for participation when reinvited.ResultsParticipation in the first health check was 51% (N=2698) in the IG and 40% (N=2120) in the CG. In the IG 26% (N=1340) participated in both the first and second health checks. No intervention effects were found comparing IG and CG. Mean differences were (95% CI): modelled CVD risk: −0.052 (95% CI −0.107 to 0.003)%, PA: −0.156 (−0.331 to 0.019) days/week with 30 min moderate PA, CRF: 0.133 (−0.560 to 0.826) mL O2/min/kg, SF-12: −0.003 (−0.032 to 0.026), SF-12_MCS: 0.355 (-0.423 to 1.132), sick leave periods ≥3 weeks: −0.004 (−0.025 to 0.017), employment: −0.004 (−0.032 to 0.024).ConclusionsPreventive health checks offered to the general population, aged 30–49 years, had no effects on a wide range of indicators of chronic disease risk.Trial registration numberNCT02028195.
Standardizing nomenclature in regional anesthesia: an ASRA-ESRA Delphi consensus study of abdominal wall, paraspinal, and chest wall blocks
Authors: El-Boghdadly Kariem , Wolmarans Morné , Stengel Angela D , Albrecht Eric , Chin Ki Jinn , Elsharkawy Hesham , Kopp Sandra , Mariano Edward R , Xu Jeff L , Adhikary Sanjib , Altıparmak Başak , Barrington Michael J , Bloc Sébastien , Blanco Rafael , Boretsky Karen , Børglum Jens , Breebaart Margaretha , Burckett-St Laurent David , Capdevila Xavier , Carvalho Brendan , Chuan Alwin , Coppens Steve , Costache Ioana , Dam Mette , Egeler Christian , Fajardo Mario , Gadsden Jeff , Gautier Philippe Emmanuel , Grant Stuart Alan , Hadzic Admir , Hebbard Peter , Hernandez Nadia , Hogg Rosemary , Holtz Margaret , Johnson Rebecca L , Karmakar Manoj Kumar , Kessler Paul , Kwofie Kwesi , Lobo Clara , Ludwin Danielle , MacFarlane Alan , McDonnell John , McLeod Graeme , Merjavy Peter , Moran EML , O'Donnell Brian D , Parras Teresa , Pawa Amit , Perlas Anahi , Rojas Gomez Maria Fernanda , Sala-Blanch Xavier , Saporito Andrea , Sinha Sanjay Kumar , Soffin Ellen M , Thottungal Athmaja , Tsui Ban C H , Tulgar Serkan , Turbitt Lloyd , Uppal Vishal , van Geffen Geert J , Volk Thomas , Elkassabany Nabil M 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThere is heterogeneity in the names and anatomical descriptions of regional anesthetic techniques. This may have adverse consequences on education, research, and implementation into clinical practice. We aimed to produce standardized nomenclature for abdominal wall, paraspinal, and chest wall regional anesthetic techniques.MethodsWe conducted an international consensus study involving experts using a three-round Delphi method to produce a list of names and corresponding descriptions of anatomical targets. After long-list formulation by a Steering Committee, the first and second rounds involved anonymous electronic voting and commenting, with the third round involving a virtual round table discussion aiming to achieve consensus on items that had yet to achieve it. Novel names were presented where required for anatomical clarity and harmonization. Strong consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement and weak consensus as 50% to 74% agreement.ResultsSixty expert Collaborators participated in this study. After three rounds and clarification, harmonization, and introduction of novel nomenclature, strong consensus was achieved for the names of 16 block names and weak consensus for four names. For anatomical descriptions, strong consensus was achieved for 19 blocks and weak consensus was achieved for one approach. Several areas requiring further research were identified.ConclusionsHarmonization and standardization of nomenclature may improve education, research, and ultimately patient care. We present the first international consensus on nomenclature and anatomical descriptions of blocks of the abdominal wall, chest wall, and paraspinal blocks. We recommend using the consensus results in academic and clinical practice.
Pulse-shape calculations and applications using the AGATAGeFEM software package
Authors: Ljungvall J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA software package for modeling segmented High-Purity Segmented Germanium detectors, AGATAGeFEM, is presented. The choices made for geometry implementation and the calculations of the electric and weighting fields are discussed and models used for charge-carrier velocities are described. Numerical integration of the charge-carrier transport equation is explained. The impact of noise and crosstalk on the achieved position resolution in AGATA detectors is investigated. The results suggest that crosstalk, as seen in the AGATA detectors, is of minor importance for the position resolution. The sensitivity of the pulse shapes to the parameters in the pulse-shape calculations is determined as a function of position in the detectors. Finally, AGATAGeFEM has been used to produce pulse-shape data bases for pulse-shape analyses of experimental data. The results with the new data base indicate improvement with respect to those with the standard AGATA data base. The AGATAGeFEM package sets itself apart with its high precision of the detector geometry description. This lends itself to numerical studies of the impact of segmentation lines and charge diffusion in the next step of code development.
A new theoretical approach to the strain dependence of magnetic crystal-field anisotropy
Authors: Stöter T. , Doerr M. , Rotter M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe report on the derivation of analytical equations forab-initiocalculations of the strain dependence of crystal-electric-field (CEF) parameters for arbitrary deformations. The calculation is based on the fundamental assumption that the charge distribution deforms in the same way as the crystal. Based on this deformed-charge model, simple formulas for the practical usage are given for various site symmetries of cubic lattices under uniform strain. These formulas can be used to predict the change of the magnetic crystal-field anisotropy under strain, which is important for the design of magnetic materials and devices. As an example for the power of the method, we present a calculation of the magnetic contribution to the thermal expansion in some rare-earth-based materials.
Properties of Dynamical Systems on Dendrites and Graphs
Authors: Kočan Zdeněk , Kurková Veronika , Málek Michal 
Published: June 2021

Dynamical systems generated by continuous maps on compact metric spaces can have various properties, e.g. the existence of an arc horseshoe, the positivity of topological entropy, the existence of a homoclinic trajectory, the existence of an omega-limit set containing two minimal sets and other. In [Kočan et al., 2014] we consider six such properties and survey the relations among them for the cases of graph maps, dendrite maps and maps on compact metric spaces. In this paper, we consider fourteen such properties, provide new results and survey all the relations among the properties for the case of graph maps and all known relations for the case of dendrite maps. We formulate some open problems at the end of the paper.