bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nonlinear association between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism: An individual data meta‐analysis
Authors: Jauk Emanuel , Ulbrich Lisa , Jorschick Paul , Höfler Michael , Kaufman Scott Barry , Kanske Philipp 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveNarcissism can manifest in grandiose and vulnerable patterns of experience and behavior. While largely unrelated in the general population, individuals with clinically relevant narcissism are thought to display both. Our previous studies showed that trait measures of grandiosity and vulnerability were unrelated at low‐to‐moderate levels of grandiose narcissism, but related at high levels.MethodWe replicate and extend these findings in a preregistered individual data meta‐analysis (“mega‐analysis”) using data from the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI)/Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HSNS; N = 10,519, k = 28) and the Five‐Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI; N = 7,738, k = 17).ResultsThere was strong evidence for the hypothesis in the FFNI (βGrandiose < 1SD = .08, βGrandiose > 1SD = .36, βGrandiose > 2SD = .53), and weaker evidence in the NPI/HSNS (βGrandiose < 1SD = .00, βGrandiose > 1SD = .12, βGrandiose > 2SD = .32). Nonlinearity increased with age but was invariant across other moderators. Higher vulnerability was predicted by elevated antagonistic and low agentic narcissism at subfactor level.ConclusionNarcissistic vulnerability increases at high levels of grandiosity. Interpreted along Whole Trait Theory, the effects are thought to reflect state changes echoing in trait measures and can help to link personality and clinical models.
Development of a classification (descriptive) system for a preference‐based quality of life measure for dental caries (dental caries utility index) among adolescents
Authors: Hettiarachchi Ruvini M. , Kularatna Sanjeewa , Byrnes Joshua , Chen Gang , Mulhern Brendan , Scuffham Paul A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesPreference‐based quality‐of‐life measures (PBMs) have been developed in many clinical areas to aid estimation of more accurate utility values for economic evaluations. Existing oral health‐related quality‐of‐life (OHRQoL) instruments are non‐PBM and hence, cannot be used to generate utility values. The objective of this study was to develop a classification system for a new PBM (dental caries utility index‐DCUI) for the most prevalent childhood oral health condition: dental caries.MethodsPossible domains and items to be included in the classification system were identified based on the reviewing available pediatric non‐PBM OHRQoL instruments, studies eliciting utility values for oral health outcomes and clinical dentistry textbooks and based on the findings, a draft classification system was developed. To refine the draft classification system, semi‐structured interviews were conducted among a convenience sample of 15 12–17‐year‐old adolescents who had experience with dental caries. The classification system was further refined and validated by a group of dental experts, using a modified Delphi technique.ResultsThe classification system comprised five items (pain/discomfort, difficulty in eating food/drinking, worried, ability to participate in activities, and appearance) and each item had a four‐level response scale.ConclusionThe classification system developed herein is considered an amenable tool for the subsequent development of a new PBM for dental caries. Once the scoring algorithm is completed, the classification system can be used to incorporate economic evaluations of dental caries health interventions.
Interventions to address cancer‐related financial toxicity: Recommendations from the field
Authors: Edward Jean , Petermann Victoria M. , Eberth Jan M. , Zahnd Whitney E. , Vanderpool Robin C. , Askelson Natoshia , Rohweder Catherine L. , Gonzalez Sarah Koopman , Stradtman Lindsay R. , Ko Linda K. , Farris Paige E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeAddressing financial toxicity among cancer patients is a complex process that requires a multifaceted approach, particularly for rural patients who may face additional cost‐related barriers to care. In this study, we examined interventions being implemented by financial navigation staff at various cancer centers that help address financial toxicity experienced by oncology patients.MethodsWe conducted semistructured interviews with a convenience sample of financial navigation staff across 29 cancer centers in both rural and urban areas in 7 states. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed. Descriptive coding and thematic analysis techniques were used to analyze the data.FindingsThirty‐five participants were interviewed, the majority of whom worked in cancer centers located in rural counties. Participants identified the use of screening tools, patient education, and access to tailored financial assistance resources as best practices. Immediate resource needs included additional financial navigation staff, including lay navigators and community health workers, to promote linkages to local resources. Suggested clinical areas for intervention included proactive and early implementation of financial assessments and discussions between providers and patients, along with training and access to regularly updated resources for those in financial navigator/counselor roles. Participants also discussed the need for policy‐level interventions to reform health systems (including employment protections) and health insurance programs.ConclusionsImplementing proactive methods to screen for and address financial needs of patients is essential to improving cancer‐related outcomes. Additional programs and research are needed to help establish systematic and standardized methods to enhance financial navigation services, especially for underserved rural communities.
Utility of a corticotropin‐releasing hormone test to differentiate pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism from cortisol‐producing adrenal tumors in dogs
Authors: Tanaka Sachiyo , Suzuki Shuji , Sato Asaka , Teshima Takahiro , Mori Akihiro , Sako Toshinori , Tanaka Aki , Hara Yasushi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundHyperadrenocorticism (HAC) is a common endocrine disorder in dogs; however, there are no reports on the use of the corticotropin‐releasing hormone test (CRHT) to differentiate between pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) and cortisol‐producing adrenal tumors (CPATs), both causative of HAC.ObjectivesTo evaluate the usefulness of CRHT as a tool to differentiate between PDH and CPAT in dogs and to determine the reference intervals for CRHT in healthy, PDH, and CPAT dogs.AnimalsDogs diagnosed with PDH (n = 21), CPAT (n = 6), and healthy beagle dogs (n = 33).MethodsThis prospective study included dogs with a definitive diagnosis of PDH and CPAT and healthy beagle dogs, in which CRHT was performed, were prospectively evaluated. We investigated the correlations of CRHT (endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH] concentration, endogenous ACTH concentration [EAC], and poststimulation ACTH concentration [PAC]) with pituitary‐to‐brain ratio (PBR) (in PDH) and with indices of adrenal ultrasonography (smaller and larger adrenal gland dorsoventral thickness in PDH and CPAT).ResultsFor EAC, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.95, with a cutoff value of 26.3 pg/mL (sensitivity: 90.62%, specificity: 87.50%). The AUC for PAC was 0.96 with a cutoff value of 54.5 pg/mL (sensitivity: 100.00%, specificity: 66.67%). The 95% reference interval for CRHT in healthy (control) dogs ranged 5.00 to 79.8 pg/mL (1.10‐17.57 pmol/L) for EAC, and 1.92 to 153.42 pg/mL (0.42‐33.78 pmol/L) for PAC. There was no significant correlation between PBR and CRHT, nor adrenal size and CRHT.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCRHT appears to be a rapid and reliable test for differentiating PDH from CPAT in dogs.
Evaluating explanations for poverty selectivity in foreign aid
Authors: Heinrich Tobias , Kobayashi Yoshiharu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEnding global poverty has been at the forefront of the development agenda since the 1970s, but many donors have failed to target their funds toward this goal. Activists have tackled this issue by appealing to donors’ humanitarian motives, but we know little about what explains donors’ decisions on how much to give to the poorest countries. This paper develops the donor motivation and foreign policy approaches and identify donors’ development motives and their budget sizes as potential determinants of poverty selectivity. We evaluate their explanatory power by assessing whether their relationships with selectivity are in the hypothesized directions and generalize beyond a particular dataset. Employing cross‐validation and Bayesian Model Averaging, we find few measures of donor motivations provide a generalizable and hypothesized explanation for poverty selectivity. In contrast, donor budget sizes exhibit a relationship that is both hypothesized and externally valid. Our study offers the first systematic analysis of aid selectivity and generates implications for recent approaches to improve the quality of foreign aid and the conventional approach to study foreign aid allocation and donor motives.
Financial stress and economic growth: The moderating role of trust
Authors: Makrychoriti Panagiota , Pasiouras Fotios , Tasiou Menelaos 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe literature suggests that trust can influence the behavior of economic agents and improve access to financing for both households and corporations. Subsequently, this might have implications for the consumption of households and the investments of corporations. Therefore, trust could mitigate the negative impact of financial stress on economic growth. To test this hypothesis, we use a sample of EU countries over the period 2002–2020 and examine the interaction of trust with financial stress in shaping GDP growth. The interaction term enters the estimations with a positive and statistically significant coefficient, and it therefore mitigates the negative impact of financial stress on economic growth. Furthermore, by disaggregating the GDP into its four main components, we find that the moderating effect of trust flows through the two main components of GDP mentioned above, namely households’ consumption and firms’ investments. Additionally, we observe that the interaction effect becomes weaker in countries with a higher economic freedom and is strengthened in centre and left‐wing governments compared to right‐wing economically oriented ones.
In vitro activities of 8 antifungal agents against geophilic dermatophyte isolates
Authors: Shamsizadeh Forough , Zarei Mahmoudabadi Ali , Shariat Nabavi Maryam , Guillot Jacques , Taghipour Simin , Rezaei‐Matehkolaei Ali 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundMembers of the Nannizzia gypsea complex are globally the most common geophilic dermatophytes which cause infection in animals and human. Although the susceptibility patterns of anthropophilic or zoophilic dermatophyte species to antifungal agents are well documented, the effectiveness of such drugs against geophilic species have rarely been explored.ObjectivesThis study was aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of common and new antifungals against a set of environmental and clinical geophilic dermatophyte isolates.Methods108 soil and clinical geophilic isolates from two genera Nannizzia (N. fulva n = 59; N. gypsea n = 43) and Arthroderma (A. quadrifidum n = 4; A. gertleri n = 1; A. tuberculatum n = 1) were included in the study. The in vitro antifungal susceptibility patterns of eight common and new antifungals against the isolates were determined according to broth microdilution method and by CLSI M38‐A3 (3rd edition) protocol.ResultsMIC values across all isolates from five species ranged as: luliconazole: 0.0002‐0.002 µg/ml, terbinafine: 0.008‐0.125 µg/ml, efinaconazole: 0.008‐0.125 µg/ml, ciclopirox olamine: 0.03‐0.5 µg/ml, itraconazole: 0.125‐1 µg/ml, amorolfine hydrochloride: 0.125‐4 µg/ml, griseofulvin: 0.25‐2 µg/ml and tavaborole: 1‐8 µg/ml, respectively.ConclusionLuliconazole, terbinafine and efinaconazole exhibited the highest in vitro efficacy, regardless of the dermatophyte species. Further surveillance studies are recommended to confirm the implication of such in vitro data for the clinical recovery rate of dermatophytosis with geophilic species following antifungal therapy.
Isolated sensory impairment of the ear auricle in a patient with cerebral infarction localized to the postcentral gyrus
Authors: Usami Toshihiko , Uchida Yuto , Sakurai Keita , Kano Yuya , Kuno Tomoyuki , Takada Koji , Matsukawa Noriyuki 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPure sensory stroke, a well‐defined clinical entity characterized by sensory symptoms, sometimes causes atypical distributions of sensory impairment. We herein report an 85‐year‐old man presenting with isolated sensory impairment of the right‐sided ear auricle due to postcentral gyrus infarction. The somatotopic representation in the human primary somatosensory cortex that corresponds to the ear has not been elucidated. This case suggests the possible cortical area for the ear.
Influence of leptin and compression in GAS‐6 mediated homeostasis of periodontal ligament cell
Authors: Yong Jiawen , Elisabeth. Groeger Sabine , Ruf Sabine , Ruiz‐Heiland Gisela 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGrowth arrest‐specific protein 6 (GAS‐6) regulates immunomodulatory and inflammatory mechanisms in periodontium and may participate in obesity predisposition. This study aimed to determine whether GAS‐6 is associated with the homeostasis of periodontal ligament (SV‐PDL) cells in the presence of adipokines or compressive forces. The SV‐PDL cell line was used. Western blots were employed for TAM receptors detection. Cells were stimulated using different concentrations of GAS‐6. The migration, viability, and proliferation were measured by a standard scratch test, MTS assay, and immunofluorescent staining. The mRNA expression was analyzed by RT‐PCR. Release of TGF‐β1, GAS‐6, and Axl were verified by ELISA. Western blot shows that TAM receptors are expressed in SV‐PDL cells. GAS‐6 has a promoting effect on cell migration and proliferation. RT‐PCR analysis showed that GAS‐6 induces Collagen‐1, Collagen‐3, Periostin, and TGF‐β1 mRNA expression whereas it reduces Caspase‐3, Caspase‐8, Caspase‐9, and IL‐6 mRNA expression. Further, secreted GAS‐6 in SV‐PDL is reduced in response to both compressive forces and leptin and upregulated by IL‐6. Additionally, ADAM‐10 inhibition reduces GAS‐6 and Axl release on SV‐PDL cells. TAM receptors especially Axl are identified as the receptors of GAS‐6. GAS‐6/TAM interactions contribute to periodontal ligament cells homeostasis. Leptin inhibits the GAS‐6 release independently of ADAM‐10 metalloprotease.
Relationship between pre‐pregnancy maternal body mass index and infant weight trajectories in HIV‐exposed and HIV‐unexposed infants
Authors: Bengtson Angela M. , le Roux Stanzi M. , Phillips Tamsin K. , Brittain Kirsty , Zerbe Allison , Madlala Hlengiwe P. , Malaba Thokozile R. , Petro Gregory , Abrams Elaine J. , Myer Landon 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundMaternal HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) exposure in utero may influence infant weight, but the contribution of maternal y body mass index (BMI) to early life overweight and obesity is not clear.ObjectiveTo estimate associations between maternal BMI at entry to antenatal care (ANC) and infant weight through approximately 1 year of age and to evaluate whether associations were modified by maternal HIV status, maternal HIV and viral load, breastfeeding intensity through 6 months or timing of entry into ANC.MethodsWe followed HIV‐uninfected and ‐infected pregnant women initiating efavirenz‐based ART from first antenatal visit through 12 months postpartum. Infant weight was assessed via World Health Organization BMI and weight‐for‐length z‐scores (WLZ) at 6 weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. We used multivariable linear mixed‐effects models to estimate associations between maternal BMI and infant z‐scores over time.ResultsIn 861 HIV‐uninfected infants (454 HIV‐exposed; 407 HIV‐unexposed), nearly 20% of infants were overweight or obese by 12 months of age, regardless of HIV exposure status. In multivariable analyses, increasing maternal BMI category was positively associated with higher infant BMIZ and WLZ scores between 6 weeks and 12 months of age and did not differ by HIV exposure status. However, HIV‐exposed infants had slightly lower BMIZ and WLZ trajectories through 12 months of age, compared with HIV‐unexposed infants across all maternal BMI categories. Differences in BMIZ and WLZ scores by HIV exposure were not explained by timing of entry into ANC or maternal viral load pre‐ART initiation, but z‐scores were slightly higher for HIV‐exposed infants who were predominantly or exclusively versus partially breastfed.ConclusionsThese findings suggest maternal BMI influences early infant weight gain, regardless of infant HIV exposure status. Intervention to reduce maternal BMI may help to address growing concerns about obesity among HIV‐uninfected children.
Prophylactic central neck dissection for well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma: results and methodological assessment of systematic reviews
Authors: Ramirez Adonis , Sanabria Alvaro 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The aim of this review was to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews evaluating the effectivness of prophylactic central neck dissection plus thyroidectomy to decrease locoregional recurrence in patients with thyroid carcinoma.

Introduction:
Many systematic reviews have been published concerning prophylactic central neck dissection in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma, finding inconsistent results regarding the risk of locoregional recurrence. Because systematic reviews are considered the best source on which to base clinical decisions, the assessment of methodological quality is important.

Inclusion criteria:
This paper included studies that mentioned that a systematic review was performed in adult patients with confirmed diagnosis of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma without evidence of nodal metastatic disease who underwent total thyroidectomy. Reviews evaluated prophylactic central neck dissection compared with no neck diessection for decreasing locoregional recurrence.

Methods:
A systematic search was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, LILACS, Web of Science, CNKI, and Google Scholar. PROSPERO was searched for unpublished studies and gray literature. Data regarding the study characteristics, patient types, numbers of patients, and locoregional recurrence by group were extracted. Methodological characteristics, type of statistical analysis and summary estimator, heterogeneity, and publication bias were recorded. The methodological quality was measured using the AMSTAR 2 tool.

Results:
The search identified 12 systematic reviews. Only four systematic reviews reported adherence to methodological guidelines. The AMSTAR 2 critical criteria classified all the studies as critically low quality. The pooled risk difference for locoregional recurrence varied among studies from −5% to 0%. Most of the studies were published in high-impact journals.

Conclusions:
The published systematic reviews that assessed prophylactic central neck dissection as an intervention to decrease the rate of locoregional recurrence have a critically low methodological quality. The results and recommendations based on these studies should be used with caution. The evaluation of methodological quality by peer reviewers must be improved.
Design of Customized Virtual Reality Serious Games for the Cognitive Rehabilitation of Retrograde Amnesia After Brain Stroke
Authors: Lanzoni Daniel , Vitali Andrea , Regazzoni Daniele , Rizzi Caterina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article presents a software platform to design serious games for the rehabilitation of severe memory loss by means of virtual reality (VR). In particular, the focus is on retrograde amnesia, a condition affecting patient's quality of life usually after brain stroke. Currently, the standard rehabilitation process includes showing pictures of familiar environments to help memory recover, while the proposed rehabilitation solution aims at developing patient-specific serious games for memory loss starting from 3D scanning of familiar environments. The Occipital Structure sensor and the Skanect application have been used for the virtualization of the real objects and the environment. Instead of following the traditional approach to design a video game during which the game logic is specifically developed for a virtual scene and the software code is not meant to be recombined, a modular procedure has been designed using Unity to interface the virtual objects of each acquired environment without modifying the game logic. In addition, the developed solution makes available a set of software modules for patient's monitoring and data management to automatically generate medical reports, which can be easily connected to each new serious game. A test has been performed to assess the main features of the VR platform and its usability recruiting ten testers. Medical personnel evaluated positively the platform, and they highlighted the importance of objective data to improve the ecological validity of the cognitive rehabilitation for retrograde amnesia.
User-Driven Computer-Assisted Reverse Engineering of Editable CAD Assembly Models
Authors: Shah Ghazanfar Ali , Polette Arnaud , Pernot Jean-Philippe , Giannini Franca , Monti Marina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper introduces a novel reverse engineering (RE) technique for the reconstruction of editable computer-aided design (CAD) models of mechanical parts’ assemblies. The input is a point cloud of a mechanical parts’ assembly that has been acquired as a whole, i.e., without disassembling it prior to its digitization. The proposed framework allows for the reconstruction of the parametric CAD assembly model through a multi-step reconstruction and fitting approach. It is modular and it supports various exploitation scenarios depending on the available data and starting point. It also handles incomplete datasets. The reconstruction process starts from roughly sketched and parameterized CAD geometries (i.e., 2D sketches, 3D parts, or assemblies) that are then used as input of a simulated annealing-based fitting algorithm, which minimizes the deviation between the point cloud and the adapted geometries. The coherence of the CAD models is maintained by a CAD modeler that performs the geometries’ updates while guaranteeing the possibly imposed constraints and model coherence. The optimization process leverages a two-level filtering technique able to capture and manage the boundaries of the geometries inside the overall point cloud in order to allow local fitting and interfaces detection. It is a user-driven approach where the user decides what are the most suitable steps and sequence to operate. It has been tested and validated on both real scanned point clouds and as-scanned virtually generated point clouds incorporating several artifacts that would appear with real acquisition devices.