bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Customary Forest Utilization: The Determinants of Indigenous (Adat) Community’s Economic Welfare
Authors: Hidayat D C , Surati  , Sylviani  , Sakuntaladewi N , Ariawan K , Ekawati S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Customary forest utilization to improve the indigenous (adat) community welfare must be in line with local wisdom and preserving ecological function, even though they are no longer part of the state forest. In term of sustainable customary forest management, knowledge related to customary forest utilization and community welfare is getting significant to be study object. The paper aims to identify and analyse the determinants of indigenous community’s income. It was conducted in indigenous community of Kasepuhan Karang, Banten in 2018. Data collection was taken by purposive sampling, processed by ordinal logistic correlation and descriptive analysis. The results show the indigenous community has high level of dependence on the forest through on and off farm. From the respondents, the average income from forest use is below the regional minimum wage. While from the partial test results, it is concluded the land owned area and the livelihood type have a significant positive effect on the income level. Therefore, land distribution should be well managed due to conservation issue and livelihoods diversification to increase income level. Nonetheless, formal education level undetermined on income level. Informal education, capacity building of the community regarding to sustainable customary forest management needs to be organized.
Enhancing electrical properties of carbon nanotubes thin films by silicon incorporation
Authors: Faruque Ahmed Sk , Khan Mohibul , Mukherjee Nillohit 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Silicon incorporated carbon nanotube (Si-CNTs) thin films was prepared by radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique. Tetraethyl orthosilicate solution was used for incorporation of silicon in CNTs thin films. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis shows that the silicon atomic percentage was varied from 0 % to 6.1 %. The chemical binding energies of carbon and silicon were analyzed from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. The various peaks at ~531 eV, ~ 285 eV, ~155 eV and ~104 eV was observed in the XPS spectra due to the oxygen, carbon and silicon respectively. Surface morphologies of Si-CNTs thin films have been analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, which revels that the length of the silicon incorporated carbon nanotubes ~500 nm and corresponding diameter ~80 nm. The room temperature electrical conductivity was increased whereas the activation energy was decreased with the increase of atomic percentage of silicon in Si-CNTs thin films. The room temperature electrical conductivity was increased from 4.3 × 103 to 7.1 × 104 S cm−1 as the silicon atomic percentage in Si-CNTs thin films increases from 0 to 6.1 % respectively.
Magnetization process of the S = 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the floret pentagonal lattice
Authors: Furuchi Rito , Nakano Hiroki , Todoroki Norikazu , Sakai Toru 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We study the S = 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the floret pentagonal lattice by numerical diagonalization method. This system shows various behaviours that are different from that of the Cairo-pentagonal-lattice antiferromagnet. The ground-state energy without magnetic field and the magnetization process of this system are reported. Magnetization plateaux appear at one-ninth height of the saturation magnetization, at one-third height, and at seven-ninth height. The magnetization plateaux at one-third and seven-ninth heights come from interactions linking the sixfold-coordinated spin sites. A magnetization jump appears from the plateau at one-ninth height to the plateau at one-third height. Another magnetization jump is observed between the heights corresponding to the one-third and seven-ninth plateaux; however the jump is away from the two plateaux, namely, the jump is not accompanied with any magnetization plateaux. The jump is a peculiar phenomenon that has not been reported.
Unconventional non-Fermi liquid properties of two-channel Anderson impurities system
Authors: Tsuruta Atsushi , Miyake Kazumasa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A theory for treating the unconventional non-Fermi liquid temperature dependence of physical quantities, such as the resistivity, in the Pr-based two-channel Anderson impurities system is developed. It is shown that their temperature dependences are essentially the same as those in the pure lattice system except for the case of extremely low concentration of Pr ions that is difficult to realize by the controlled experiments. This result is consistent with recent observations in diluted Pr-1-2-20 system Y1−x
Pr
x
Ir2Zn20 (x = 0.024, 0.044, 0.085, and 0.44) reported in Yamane et al (2018) Phys. Rev. Lett.
121, 077206, and is quite different from that in the case of single-channel Anderson impurities system in which the crossover between behaviors of the local Fermi liquid and heavy Fermi liquid occurs at around moderate concentration of impurities as observed in Ce-based heavy fermion system La1−x
Ce
x
Cu6.
Higher-order synchronization on the sphere
Authors: Lohe M A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We construct a system of N interacting particles on the unit sphere

S

d
−
1

in d-dimensional space, which has d-body interactions only. The equations have a gradient formulation derived from a rotationally-invariant potential of a determinantal form summed over all nodes, with antisymmetric coefficients. For d = 3, for example, all trajectories lie on the two-sphere and the potential is constructed from the triple scalar product summed over all oriented two-simplices. We investigate the cases d = 3, 4, 5 in detail, and find that the system synchronizes from generic initial values for both positive and negative coupling coefficients, to a static final configuration in which the particles lie equally spaced on

S

d
−
1

. Completely synchronized configurations also exist, but are unstable under the d-body interactions. We compare the relative effect of two-body and d-body forces by adding the well-studied two-body interactions to the potential, and find that higher-order interactions enhance the synchronization of the system, specifically, synchronization to a final configuration consisting of equally spaced particles occurs for all d-body and two-body coupling constants of any sign, unless the attractive two-body forces are sufficiently strong relative to the d-body forces. In this case the system completely synchronizes as the two-body coupling constant increases through a positive critical value, with either a continuous transition for d = 3, or discontinuously for d = 5. Synchronization also occurs if the nodes have distributed natural frequencies of oscillation, provided that the frequencies are not too large in amplitude, even in the presence of repulsive two-body interactions which by themselves would result in asynchronous behaviour.
Multimodal deep learning for biomedical data fusion: a review
Authors: Stahlschmidt Sören Richard , Ulfenborg Benjamin , Synnergren Jane 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBiomedical data are becoming increasingly multimodal and thereby capture the underlying complex relationships among biological processes. Deep learning (DL)-based data fusion strategies are a popular approach for modeling these nonlinear relationships. Therefore, we review the current state-of-the-art of such methods and propose a detailed taxonomy that facilitates more informed choices of fusion strategies for biomedical applications, as well as research on novel methods. By doing so, we find that deep fusion strategies often outperform unimodal and shallow approaches. Additionally, the proposed subcategories of fusion strategies show different advantages and drawbacks. The review of current methods has shown that, especially for intermediate fusion strategies, joint representation learning is the preferred approach as it effectively models the complex interactions of different levels of biological organization. Finally, we note that gradual fusion, based on prior biological knowledge or on search strategies, is a promising future research path. Similarly, utilizing transfer learning might overcome sample size limitations of multimodal data sets. As these data sets become increasingly available, multimodal DL approaches present the opportunity to train holistic models that can learn the complex regulatory dynamics behind health and disease.
Folding the unfoldable: using AlphaFold to explore spurious proteins
Authors: Monzon Vivian , Haft Daniel H , Bateman Alex 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Motivation
The release of AlphaFold 2.0 has revolutionized our ability to determine protein structures from sequences. This tool also inadvertently opens up many unanticipated opportunities. In this article, we investigate the AntiFam resource, which contains 250 protein sequence families that we believe to be spurious protein translations. We would not expect proteins belonging to these families to fold into well-ordered globular structures. To test this hypothesis, we have attempted to computationally determine the structure of a representative sequence from all AntiFam 6.0 families.

Results
Although the large majority of families showed no evidence of globular structure, we have identified one example for which a globular structure is predicted. Proteins in this AntiFam entry indeed seem likely to be bona fide proteins, based on additional considerations, and thus AlphaFold provides a useful quality control for the AntiFam database. Conversely, known spurious proteins offer useful set of quality controls for AlphaFold. We have identified a trend that the mean structure prediction confidence score pLDDT is higher for shorter sequences. Of the 131 AntiFam representative sequences &lt;100 amino acids in length, AlphaFold predicts a mean pLDDT of 80 or greater for six of them. Thus, particular care should be taken when applying AlphaFold to short protein sequences.

Availability and implementation
The AlphaFold predictions for representative sequences can be found at the following URL: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1u9OocRIAabGQn56GljoG1JTDAxjkY1ro.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Red cell distribution width/albumin ratio and 90-day mortality after burn surgery
Authors: Seo Young Joo , Yu Jihion , Park Jun-Young , Lee Narea , Lee Jiwoong , Park Ji Hyun , Kim Hee Yeong , Kong Yu-Gyeong , Kim Young-Kug 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Red cell distribution width (RDW) and serum albumin concentration are associated with postoperative outcomes. However, the usefulness of the RDW/albumin ratio in burn surgery remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the association between RDW/albumin ratio and 90-day mortality after burn surgery.

Methods
Between 2013 and 2020, a retrospective review of patients in a burn intensive care unit (ICU) was performed. Receiver operating characteristic curve, multivariate Cox logistic regression, multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between RDW/albumin ratio and 90-day mortality after burn surgery. Additionally, prolonged ICU stay rate (&gt;60 days) and ICU stay were assessed.

Results
Ninety-day mortality was 22.5% (210/934) in burn patients. Risk factors for 90-day mortality were RDW/albumin ratio at postoperative day 1, age, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, diabetes mellitus, inhalation injury, total body surface area burned, hypotensive event and red blood cell transfusion volume. The area under the curve of the RDW/albumin ratio at postoperative day 1 to predict 90-day mortality, after adjusting for age and total body surface area burned, was 0.875 (cut-off value, 6.8). The 90-day mortality was significantly higher in patients with RDW/albumin ratio &gt;6.8 than in those with RDW/albumin ratio ≤6.8 (49.2% vs 12.3%, p &lt; 0.001). Prolonged ICU stay rate and ICU stay were significantly higher and longer in patients with RDW/albumin ratio &gt;6.8 than in those with RDW/albumin ratio ≤6.8 (34.5% vs 26.5%; 21 [11–38] vs 18 [7–32] days).

Conclusion
RDW/albumin ratio &gt;6.8 on postoperative day 1 was associated with higher 90-day mortality, higher prolonged ICU stay rate and longer ICU stay after burn surgery.
Investigating the global prevalence and consequences of undiagnosed stage 3 chronic kidney disease: methods and rationale for the REVEAL-CKD study
Authors: Kushner Pamela , Peach Emily , Wittbrodt Eric , Barone Salvatore , Chen Hungta , Sanchez Juan Jose Garcia , Järbrink Krister , Arnold Matthew , Tangri Navdeep 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Timely diagnosis and treatment of stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) can prevent further loss of kidney function and progression to kidney failure. However, contemporary data on the global prevalence of undiagnosed stage 3 CKD are scarce. REVEAL-CKD is a multinational, multifocal and observational study aiming to provide insights into undiagnosed stage 3 CKD in a large population.

Methods
Patients (aged ≥18 years) with data in selected secondary databases from 11 countries will be included if they have at least two estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurements from 2015 onwards that are ≥30 and &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2, recorded &gt;90 and ≤730 days apart. Undiagnosed cases are those without an International Classification of Diseases 9/10 diagnosis code for CKD (any stage) any time before and up to 6 months after the second qualifying eGFR measurement. Time to diagnosis will be assessed using a Kaplan–Meier approach; patient characteristics associated with undiagnosed CKD will be assessed using adjusted logistical regression analyses.

Results
REVEAL-CKD will assess the point prevalence of undiagnosed stage 3 CKD and time to CKD diagnosis in initially undiagnosed cases overall and in individual countries. Trends in undiagnosed CKD prevalence by calendar year will be assessed. Patient characteristics, healthcare resource utilization, adverse clinical outcomes, and CKD management and monitoring practices in patients with versus without a CKD diagnosis will be compared.

Conclusions
REVEAL-CKD will increase awareness of the global clinical and economic burden of undiagnosed stage 3 CKD and provide valuable insights to inform clinical practice and policy changes.
Increased 1-year mortality in haemodialysis patients with COVID-19: a prospective, observational study
Authors: Carriazo Sol , Mas-Fontao Sebastian , Seghers Clara , Cano Jaime , Goma Elena , Avello Alejandro , Ortiz Alberto , Gonzalez-Parra Emilio 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundDialysis confers the highest risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) death among comorbidities predisposing to severe COVID-19. However, reports of COVID-19-associated mortality frequently refer to mortality during the initial hospitalization or first month after diagnosis.MethodsIn a prospective, observational study, we analysed the long-term (1-year follow-up) serological and clinical outcomes of 56 haemodialysis (HD) patients who were infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the first pandemic wave. COVID-19 was diagnosed by a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test (n = 37) or by the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (n = 19).ResultsAfter &gt;1 year of follow-up, 35.7% of HD patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the first pandemic wave had died, 6 (11%) during the initial admission and 14 (25%) in the following months, mainly within the first 3 months after diagnosis. Overall, 30% of patients died from vascular causes and 40% from respiratory causes. In adjusted analysis, a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test for diagnosis {hazard ratio [HR] 5.18 [interquartile range (IQR) 1.30–20.65], P = 0.020}, higher baseline C-reactive protein levels [HR 1.10 (IQR 1.03–1.16), P = 0.002] and lower haemoglobin levels [HR 0.62 (IQR 0.45–0.86), P = 0.005] were associated with higher 1-year mortality. Mortality in the 144 patients who did not have COVID-19 was 21 (14.6%) over 12 months [HR of death for COVID-19 patients 3.00 (IQR 1.62–5.53), log-rank P = 0.00023]. Over the first year, the percentage of patients having anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) decreased from 36/49 (73.4%) initially to 27/44 (61.3%) at 6 months and 14/36 (38.8%) at 12 months.ConclusionsThe high mortality of HD patients with COVID-19 is not limited to the initial hospitalization. Defining COVID-19 deaths as those occurring within 3 months of a COVID-19 diagnosis may better represent the burden of COVID-19. In HD patients, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG response was suboptimal and short-lived.
Ethical challenges in managing unvaccinated patients receiving chronic in-centre haemodialysis
Authors: Alfano Gaetano , Fontana Francesco , Morisi Niccolò , Mori Giacomo , Cappelli Gianni , Magistroni Riccardo , Donati Gabriele 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Insufficient vaccine coverage and dominance of the more transmissible severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants are the leading causes of the continued spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide. To curb the surge in infections, COVID-19 vaccination has been advocated as a priority measure, especially for frail populations and people at high risk of exposure. Patients on in-centre maintenance haemodialysis (HD) embody both conditions. They are at high risk of severe COVID-19 consequences due to their advanced age and weakened immune system and carry an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission within shared dialysis rooms and public vehicles. Vaccination of the entire HD population is therefore the most effective strategy to protect patients from the dire consequences of COVID-19. Unfortunately, a minority of patients still express COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The management of this group of patients, who have the full right to HD treatment, poses demanding problems from a patient safety perspective. The placement of unvaccinated patients within the dialysis room and the protection of all vaccinated patients are some of the most urgent problems the nephrologist faces during the COVID-19 pandemic. In light of these COVID-19-driven changes, an ethical reflection on the management of unvaccinated patients appears crucial to act responsibly and contribute to the health promotion of dialysis patients.
Time-updated anion gap and cardiovascular events in advanced chronic kidney disease: a cohort study
Authors: Asahina Yuta , Sakaguchi Yusuke , Kajimoto Sachio , Hattori Koki , Doi Yohei , Oka Tatsufumi , Kaimori Jun-Ya , Isaka Yoshitaka 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Studies examining associations between metabolic acidosis and cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease (CKD) have shown conflicting results and have not differentiated between normal anion gap (hyperchloremic) acidosis and high anion gap acidosis. We aimed to examine the impact of normal and high anion gap acidosis, separately, on the risk of cardiovascular events among patients with CKD.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 1168 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 10–60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and available data on anion gap. We analyzed the association of time-updated high anion gap (anion gap ≥9.2) with the rate of cardiovascular events using marginal structural models (MSMs) to account for time-dependent confounding. We also analyzed the association between time-updated normal anion gap acidosis (anion-gap-adjusted bicarbonate level ≤22.8 mEq/L) and cardiovascular events.

Results
The mean baseline eGFR of the cohort was 28 mL/min/1.73 m2. The prevalence rates of high anion gap in CKD stages G3a, G3b, G4 and G5 were 20%, 16%, 27% and 46%, respectively. During a median follow-up period of 2.9 years, 132 patients developed cardiovascular events (3.3/100 patient-years). In MSMs, high anion gap was associated with a higher rate of cardiovascular events [hazard ratio (HR) 1.87; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.13‒3.09; P = 0.02] and the composite of cardiovascular events or all-cause death (HR 3.28; 95% CI 2.19‒4.91; P &lt; 0.001). Normal anion gap acidosis was not associated with cardiovascular events (HR 0.74; 95% CI, 0.47‒1.17; P = 0.2).

Conclusions
Among patients with advanced CKD, high anion gap was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.
An unusually high upper thermal acclimation potential for rainbow trout
Authors: Adams Olivia A , Zhang Yangfan , Gilbert Matthew H , Lawrence Craig S , Snow Michael , Farrell Anthony P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Thermal acclimation, a compensatory physiological response, is central to species survival especially during the current era of global warming. By providing the most comprehensive assessment to date for the cardiorespiratory phenotype of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at six acclimation temperatures from 15°C to 25°C, we tested the hypothesis that, compared with other strains of rainbow trout, an Australian H-strain of rainbow trout has been selectively inbred to have an unusually high and broad thermal acclimation potential. Using a field setting at the breeding hatchery in Western Australia, thermal performance curves were generated for a warm-adapted H-strain by measuring growth, feed conversion efficiency, specific dynamic action, whole-animal oxygen uptake (ṀO2) during normoxia and hypoxia, the critical maximum temperature and the electrocardiographic response to acute warming. Appreciable growth and aerobic capacity were possible up to 23°C. However, growth fell off drastically at 25°C in concert with increases in the time required to digest a meal, its total oxygen cost and its peak ṀO2. The upper thermal tipping points for appetite and food conversion efficiency corresponded with a decrease in the ability to increase heart rate during warming and an increase in the cost to digest a meal. Also, comparison of upper thermal tipping points provides compelling evidence that limitations to increasing heart rate during acute warming occurred well below the critical thermal maximum (CTmax) and that the faltering ability of the heart to deliver oxygen at different acclimation temperatures is not reliably predicted by CTmax for the H-strain of rainbow trout. We, therefore, reasoned the remarkably high thermal acclimation potential revealed here for the Australian H-strain of rainbow trout reflected the existing genetic variation within the founder Californian population, which was then subjected to selective inbreeding in association with severe heat challenges. This is an encouraging discovery for those with conservation concerns for rainbow trout and other fish species. Indeed, those trying to predict the impact of global warming should more fully consider the possibility that the standing intra-specific genetic variation within a fish species could provide a high thermal acclimation potential, similar to that shown here for rainbow trout.