bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature effects on long-period seismographs: an accurate method to determine the transfer function
Authors: Mitronovas Walter 
Published: September 2021

abstractA simple method for monitoring the transfer function of a long-period (LP) seismograph as a function of time is described. This method makes it possible, under certain restrictions, to estimate quite accurately (one order of magnitude better than the least-squares inversion of the calibration pulse) changes in the transfer function of a system using only the maximum amplitude information of the transient calibration pulses. The restrictions of this method are: (1) no change in the period of the horizontal seismometers (TS) and galvanometers (TG): (2) length of the spring of a vertical seismometer (boom position) is a function of temperature only; and (3) magnetic field is uniform in the range of expected boom (coil) excursions. In other words, the system parameters are affected only by temperature. Briefly, temperature affects mainly the resistance of the coils (copper) of seismometer (RS) and galvanometer (RG), which changes the current flowing in the circuit and hence the amplitude of the calibration pulse. The expected changes in the damping of the seismometer (hS), galvanometer (hG) and in the seismometer period (vertical component) have only negligible additional effect on the amplitude. Therefore, from the observed daily variation in the amplitude of the calibration pulses, it is simple to calculate changes in RS and RG and, hence, the in situ temperature as a function of time. The effect of temperature on the vertical seismometer boom position, and hence TS, can be determined beforehand (or at any time) for each instrument. From this, TS as a function of time can be inferred. Finally, from the calculated variations in RS and RG, variation in hG can be determined; from variations in RS, RG and TS, variation in hS and then the coupling factor (σ) can be determined. Analysis of the calibration data from a vertical component at Zurich for a 2-year period, 1972–73, is presented as an illustration of the method. The in situ seasonal temperature variation was inferred to be around ±4 C. In terms of the variation in the system phase response (delay), this amounts to about ±0.20 sec (at most) at a period of 100 sec, and less at shorter periods. This estimate is in good agreement with direct determination of the differences in phase delay for a similar system under controlled temperature conditions. It is also consistent with the fact that no systematic variation in phase response as a function of time was detected using the least-squares inversion of the calibration pulse (method not accurate enough). This indicates that the temperature effect on the phase response is fairly small and that under normal conditions modern LP instruments satisfy to a good approximation the requirements of this calibration method.
Temporal and spatial variations of travel-time residuals in central California for Novaya Zemlya events
Authors: Robinson Russell , Iyer H. M. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Eight large nuclear explosions in Novaya Zemlya, from October 1969, through November 1974, were used to monitor long-term variations in crustal seismic velocity near the San Andreas fault in central California. Relative P-wave travel-time residuals appear to be accurate to approximately ±0.1 sec. Of the over 100 stations used, none show clearly significant temporal variations in residual greater than this amount, corresponding to about a 4 per cent change in velocity in the upper crust. Average relative residuals at individual stations show a large spatial variation of about 1.5 sec. These variations reflect both a complex crustal geology and changes in crustal thickness and provide a potentially powerful tool for studying crustal structure.
The June 13, 1975 earthquake and its relationship to the New Madrid seismic zone
Authors: Herrmann R. B. , Fischer G. W. , Zollweg J. E. 
Published: September 2021

abstractThe June 13, 1975 earthquake in the New Madrid seismic zone produced the first recorded strong-motion accelerograms for an event in the region, as well as the largest recorded accelerations to date for any event in eastern North America. The peak strong-motion values obtained from an analysis of the accelerograms are the following: amax = 43 cm/sec2, vmax = 1 cm/sec and dmax = 0.05 cm for the longitudinal S88°W component; amax = 31 cm/sec2, vmax = 0.6 cm/sec and dmax = 0.01 cm for the DOWN component; amax = 64 cm/sec2, vmax = 1.6 cm/sec2, and dmax = 0.09 cm for the tangential S02°E component.Source parameter estimation using long-period surface waves, Lg spectra, P-wave first motions and the integrated accelerograms leads to a consistent solution. The seismic moment is estimated to be 4E21 dyne-cm and the corner period 0.6 sec. The corner period-seismic moment pair for this event agrees with the regional scaling of these parameters observed by Street et al. (1975).
A fast epicenter location program
Authors: Lomnitz Cinna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A major simplification of teleseismic epicenter location procedures can be achieved by regression in the space domain. If distance residuals are used instead of travel-time residuals the normal equations become linear. Observations must be weighted by ∂t/∂▵; however, linear weighted regression is extremely fast as compared to unweighted nonlinear regression. The new program features several other innovations; separate estimation of focal depth, self-initialization using the nearest station as trial epicenter, and second-degree approximations to the Herrin tables instead of travel-time tables in core. On the basis of a relocation of event LONGSHOT, the new routine is found to be about ten times faster, absolutely convergent, and more compact than any of the standard programs in current use.
CONSTRUCTION OF BEAUTY MEANING IN BEAUTY PRODUCTS ADVERTISEMENT
Authors: Purwandari Silvina Novia , Nugroho Catur 
Published: September 2021

Warna kulit putih dan cerah adalah salah satu faktor seorang wanita pantas untuk dikatakan cantik. Clean and Clear membuat video kampanye yang berjudul “Clean and Clear versi #IAmBright movement: Rayakan Cerahnya Ragam Warna Kulit Indonesia-Mu Bersama CLEAN & CLEAR”, dengan menampilkan tiga model wanita yang memiliki warna kulit dari putih hingga gelap. Video iklan yang dipublikasikan tersebut adalah rangkaian kampanye untuk mengembalikan kepercayaan wanita khususnya remaja yang memiliki keinginan untuk menjadi cantik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode Analisis Semiotika Charles Sanders Peirce untuk melihat konstruksi makna cantik pada iklan Clean and Clear tersebut. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa makna cantik ditunjukkan melalui warna kulit model pada iklan. Iklan ini membentuk makna cantik dengan warna kulit yang beraneka ragam, namun dapat memancarkan kecantikannya dengan merawat kulit wajah dengan baik. Juga memberikan motivasi agar wanita Indonesia membentuk kepercayaan diri dengan berfikir kepada hal yang positif.
Pengaruh Arus dan Tegangan Pengelasan SMAW Baja Karbon Rendah Grade A dan Baja Karbon Rendah Grade B terhadap Sifat Mekanik
Authors: Waaddulloh Muizzaddin , Sulardjaka Sulardjaka , Dwi Haryadi Gunawan 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti pengaruh arus dan tegangan terhadap kekuatan tarik, kekuatan impak, kekerasan dan struktur mikro pada hasil pengelasan baja A242 dan baja A588. Pengelasan SMAW menggunakan elektrode E7016 DC+ polaritas terbalik dan elektrode AWS A5.1 tipe RD 260 diameter 3.2 mm dengan variasi arus pengelasan: 60A, 120A, dan 180A, serta variasi tegangan pengelasan: 20,30 dan 40 dengan kecepatan 50 [mm/min]. Jenis kampuh sambungan yang digunakan yaitu single “V” Groove sudut 60º. Pengujian tarik dilakukan berdasarkan standar ASTM E 8M-04, standar pengujian impak berdasarkan ASTM E23, standar pengujian struktur mikro berdasarkan ASTM E407, dan untuk standar pengujian kekerasan mikro vikers berdasarkan ASTM E92. Setelah melakukan pengujian dan pembahasan diketahui bahwa menggunakan variabel arus dan tegangan yang besar sangat memengaruhi dari hasil nilai kekuatan Tarik dan pengujian impak. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh faktor adanya perbedaan dalam metode pengelasan dan panas yang diterima (heat input), sehingga memiliki struktur mikro yang berbeda pula. Hasil pengujian struktur mikro juga menghasilkan struktur ferit, pearlit dan juga memperlebar butiran las pada daerah weld metal.
A study to evaluate etiology of denture stomatitis and to determine interrelationship with trauma and candida albicans count
Authors: Arya Deeksha , Verma Aditi , Singh Saumyendra Vikram , Gupta Prashant , Pathak Anupama , Tripathi Shuchi 
Published: September 2021

Denture stomatitis (DS) is a disease characterized by inflammation and erythema of the oral mucosa areas covered by the denture. Multifactorial etiological factors contribute to denture stomatitis. The purpose of this study is to identify the etiology of denture stomatitis and to establish the role of trauma and fungal infection in denture stomatitis.Subjects wearing previously fabricated removable partial or complete denture who were diagnosed with denture stomatitis were included. It is a cross sectional questionnaire-based study, for mycological study swab sample was smeared, Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) was used as culture media. Germ tube test was used to identify Candida albicans. To test significance between different variablesKruskal-Wallis test was used. Out of 195 subjects’ slight stomatitis was present in 52.80% patients, followed by moderate stomatitis in 32.31% and no stomatitis in 2.56% subjects. Candida was present in 25.64% patients. Candida significantly more common in moderate stomatitis than others.This study has suggested that there is a significant relation in denture stomatitis and Candida albicans in north Indian population. No significant role of trauma was noticed. Strong correlation has been found in Denture hygiene, cleaning habits and Denture Stomatitis.
Patient satisfaction to evaluate the efficacy of mandibular advancement device in a treatment modality for mild to moderate sleep apnea patient in Indore Region
Authors: Verma Aanchal , Jain Sumeet 
Published: September 2021

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) represents the most severe syndrome associated with obstruction of the upper airway. People with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) repeatedly stop breathing during their sleep for a moment or longer and as several as many times throughout one night. The Aim of study was to evaluate the efficacy of mandibular advancement devices in different age group, between male and female and according to body mass index in mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea patient.cross sectional study. 30 patients of different gender and age group were selected with mild to moderate OSA and asked to fill the Berlin questionnaire for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea after obtaining the necessary consent.The analysis was done by using SPSS, IBM version 20.0. The level of significance was fixed at 5% and p ≤ 0.05. On evaluation of berlin questionnaire revealed that 83% of patients (including male and female) shows the significant improvement after the MAD treatment 16.7 % patient are not satisfied with the MAD. Study shows that the patient with OSA showed Positive Berlin Questionnaire before the MAD treatment and after 2 month it was revealed that MAD treatment showed statically significant improvement in OSA.
Effect of mechanical and chemical surface treatment on bond strength of acrylic denture teeth to heat cure acrylic resin-an invitro study
Authors: Maria Viegas Mrinali , S Bhat Vidya , Kumar Shetty Sanath 
Published: September 2021

Debonding of denture teeth from the denture base has posed a great problem to the clinician and patient. Chemical and mechanical treatments have been performed separately, but there are no studies performed using the combination of chemical and mechanical surface treatments. This study aims at evaluating and comparing the bond strength by using chemical and mechanical surface treatments.60 maxillary right central incisor teeth were used in 5 groups for surface treatment on the ridge lap area: 1 untreated, 2-sandblasting, group 3- Heat cure monomer, 4- sandblasting+ monomer, 5- Dichloromethane. The acrylic teeth were attached to a wax block at an angle of 45º. These were flasked and dewaxed, followed by surface treatment and acrylisation. All cured specimens were loaded under a universal testing machine on the palatal surface at a cross head speed of 1mm/min till fracture occurred. Data obtained was statistically evaluated by one way ANOVA. Surface treatment with dichloromethane showed the highest bond strength of acrylic teeth to heat cure denture base when compared with sandblasting and monomer application. On visual analysis of the fractured specimens, maximum amount of cohesive failures were noticed in the dichloromethane group.Dicholoromethane can be used as an effective and quick method to improve the bonding of acrylic teeth to denture base.
Paro cardiaco extrahospitalario: conocimientos en una comunidad universitaria
Authors: Blanco Avila Diana María 
Published: September 2021

OBJETIVO: determinar el nivel de conocimiento de una comunidad universitaria en Bogotá, para actuar como primer respondiente ante situaciones de emergencia como el paro cardiorrespiratorio y sus principales causas.
METODOLOGÍA: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Muestra, 1.294 integrantes de una comunidad universitaria, margen de error 3%, nivel de confianza 97%. Muestreo por conveniencia. La información se recolectó a través de la plataforma Google forms ®, por medio de un cuestionario de 14 preguntas, distribuidas en tres categorías, reconocimiento del evento, activación de sistema de emergencias y atenciòn inicial. Se cumplieron los requisitos éticos para la investigación en salud en Colombia.
RESULTADOS: el 62.7% de los participantes identifica las acciones para reconocer un paro cardio respiratorio y aunque el 83,6% ante estas situaciones llamaría a emergencias solo el 37% conoce el número telefónico. La sospecha de síndrome coronario agudo es un evento considerado por un 68,2% como una emergencia, no sucede lo mismo con el ACV, donde solo el 52,1%, tiene esta claridad. El 81.4% describe acciones correctas frente a una víctima con obstrucción grave de la vía aérea por cuerpo extraño, 50.6% si la obstrucción es leve.
CONCLUSIÓN: el nivel de conocimiento de la comunidad universitaria en materia de atención del paro cardiorrespiratorio extrahospitalario es bajo predominantemente relacionado con las maniobras de reanimación cardiopulmonar y la operación del DEA. Resulta necesario implementar estrategias educativas dirigidas a todas las comunidades y esto podría ser una oportunidad de desarrollo para el profesional de enfermería en los diferentes ámbitos de acción.
Mioklonus pada Kehamilan dan Pasca Persalinan : Laporan Kasus
Authors: Dewi Sarrah Kusuma , Fadil  
Published: September 2021

Pendahuluan: Mioklonus didefinisikan sebagai gerakan involunter yang mendadak dan singkat akibat kontraksi otot aktif atau hambatan aktivitas otot. Letak kelainan bisa berasal dari kortikal, subkortikal, atau spinal. Prevalensi mioklonus berdasarkan penelitian di Olmsted County, Minnesota, Amerika Serikat sejumlah 8,6 kasus dalam 100.000 populasi. Di Indonesia masih sedikit laporan mengenai kasus mioklonus terutama pada wanita hamil dan pasca persalinan. Perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan klinis dan pemeriksaan penunjang yang tepat untuk mengetahui klasifikasi dan etiologi mioklonus. Hal tersebut akan menentukan pemilihan terapi simptomatis dan terapi penyebab yang tepat. Perlu pengkajian lebih dalam mengenai standar diagnosis dan terapi khususnya pada pasien mioklonus dengan kehamilan dan pasca persalinan. Kasus: Dilaporkan dua kasus mioklonus pada otot abdomen pada pasien wanita dengan investigasi dan penatalaksanaan yang berbeda. Kasus pertama, wanita usia 25 tahun dengan usia kehamilan 20 minggu didiagnosis mioklonus pada abdomen tanpa pemberian terapi medikamentosa. Pada kasus kedua, wanita usia 24 tahun dengan 8 hari pasca persalinan didiagnosis mioklonus pada abdomen dengan pemberian terapi medikamentosa, yaitu fenitoin, triheksifenidil, dan diazepam. Kesimpulan: Pasien wanita usia 25 tahun, usia kehamilan 20 minggu dengan mioklonus pada abdomen mengalami perbaikan klinis setelah 3 bulan dengan tanpa pemberian terapi medikamentosa, sedangkan kasus lainnya, wanita usia 24 tahun, 8 hari pasca persalinan dengan mioklonus pada abdomen mengalami perbaikan klinis setelah 2 hari dengan pemberian terapi medikamentosa.
Korelasi Kadar HMGB1 dalam Serum dengan Derajat Fungsional Neurologik yang Diukur dengan NIHSS pada Pasien Stroke Trombotik Akut
Authors: Widayati Aris , Islam Mohammad Saiful 
Published: September 2021

Pendahuluan: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), akhir-akhir ini diketahui sebagai salah satu mediator yang memicu proses inflamasi setelah terjadi iskemia di otak. Saat ini telah dikenal beberapa reseptor HMGB1 yang memerantarai proses inflamasi diotak yaitu RAGE, TLR2 dan TLR4. Ikatan HMGB1 dengan reseptornya akan menyebabkan kerusakan neuron otak yang memberikan konstribusi perburukan defisit neurologi klinis. Beberapa studi menunjukkan bahwa kadar HMGB1 meningkat secara signifikan pada pasien stroke dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Studi lain menunjukkan bahwa kadar HMGB1 yang tinggi setelah iskemia otak akan memperluas area infark. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui adanya korelasi antara kadar HMBG1 dalam serum dengan derajat fungsional neurologik yang diukur dengan NIHSS pada pasien stroke trombotik akut. Metode: Telah diukur kadar HMGB1 pada 43 pasien stroke trombotik akut yang di rawat di ruang saraf RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya periode September 2012 sampai Januari 2013 diukur kadar HMGB1 dengan metode ELISA - Sandwich menggunakan Indirect Capture Re Capture dan diukur derajat fungsional neurologik dengan NIHSS. Hasil: Rerata usia subyek penelitian ini 60.40 ± 9.346 tahun. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 24 wanita dan 19 pria. Rerata kadar HMGB1 serum adalah 62.57± 54.164 ng/ml. Rerata nilai NIHSS adalah 6.47 ± 3.261. Terdapat korelasi positif dengan kekuatan lemah antara kadar HMGB1 serum dengan nilai NIHSS pada pasien stroke trombotik akut yang bermakna secara statistik (r = 0.353 dan p = 0.02) Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif antara kadar HMGB1 dalam serum dengan derajat fungsional neurologik yang diukur
Without SLO BECCS, fast net-zero looks unlikely
Authors: Donnison Caspar , Trdlicova Karolina , Mohr Alison , Taylor Gail 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) discussions have been dominated by global scale assessments with very limited exploration of how and where the technology could be deployed. A social license to operate (SLO) may not be achieved if key aspects of deployment and public concerns are not addressed, as has happened with onshore wind energy and fracking. There is a crucial role for the news media in this process because of its influence over the public debate and public attitudes. The fate of the public debate on BECCS has major implications for the delivery of net-zero emissions: time is very short for policymakers to find alternative strategies to meet carbon budgets if BECCS is rejected. Our news media analysis of the UK and California explores the ‘storylines’ which frame the public debate of BECCS. Results highlight: 1) an immature public debate, significantly lagging policy objectives; 2) a distinctive set of storylines specific to California and the UK; and 3) the absence of a location-specific discussion of BECCS, which we argue is critical to community-level support necessary for a SLO.
Documenting Response To COVID-Individual and Systems Successes and Challenges: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study
Authors: Shaukat Natasha , Ali Daniyal Mansoor , Hisam Butool , Hassan Sheza , Barolia Rubina , Afzal Badar , Khan Abdus Salam , Angez Meher , Razzak Junaid 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

This feasibility study aimed to assess the use of WhatsApp for qualitative data collection to document the evolution of perceptions of frontline healthcare workers (FHCW) regarding their wellbeing and the quality of health systems' response to the COVID-19 pandemic over four months.
Methods

This was a prospective longitudinal qualitative study conducted during the four months coinciding with the peak and trough of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (June-September 2020). We approached frontline healthcare workers (physicians and nurses working in emergency departments) in two hospitals using the WhatsApp group of the Pakistan Society of Emergency Physicians (PSEM). We introduced the study and obtained consent using a google consent form. Each participant was asked to self-record their perception of their personal wellness and their level of satisfaction with the quality of their hospitals' response to the pandemic. Each participant sent their voice notes/audio-recording to a central WhatsApp number. We transcribed and analysed the recordings and identified themes and sub-themes, and the changes to these themes over six months.
Results

We invited approximately 200 FHCWs associated with PSEM to participate in the study. Of the 61 who agreed to participate, 27 completed the study. A total of 149 audio recordings were received and transcribed. Three themes and eight sub-themes have emerged from the data. The themes were individual-level challenges, health system-level challenges, and hope for the future. Sub-themes for individual-level challenges were: fear of getting or transmitting infection, financial stressors, stress due to turning away those patients who need care, anxiety due to the general public's lack of compliance with preventive measures, physical exhaustion, and fatigue. For the healthcare system, sub-themes were: issues with logistics and management of the hospital/healthcare system and lack of focus on providing air conditioning to address heat due to PPEs and sub-themes under hope for the future were the improved disease knowledge and vaccine development.
Conclusion

Despite a lower level of completion, our study identified possible use of a ubiquitously available mobile app to collect longitudinal real-time data from FHCWs during the initial period of the pandemic. The overall perceptions and experiences of FHCWs evolved from negative to positive as the curve of COVID-19 went down.