bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response Assessment After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Spine and Non-spine Bone Metastases: Results From a Single Institutional Study
Authors: Correia Dora , Moullet Barbara , Cullmann Jennifer , Heiss Rafael , Ermiş Ekin , Aebersold Daniel Matthias , Hemmatazad Hossein 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background The use of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for tumor- and pain control in patients with bone metastases is increasing. Here, we report response assessment after bone SBRT using radiological changes through time and clinical examination of patients. MethodsWe analyzed retrospectively the oligo-metastatic/progressive patients with bony lesions treated with SBRT between 12/2008 and 10/2018 in our institution. Radiological data were obtained from imaging modalities used for SBRT planning and follow-up (FU) purposes in PACS and assessed by two independent radiologists blind to the time of treatment. Several radiological changes were described. Radiographic response assessment was classified according to University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center criteria. Pain response was captured pre- and >= 6 months post-SBRT.ResultsA total of 35 of the 74 reviewed patients were eligible, presenting 43 bone metastases, with 51.2% (n=22) located in vertebral column. Median age at the time of SBRT was 66 years (range, 38-84), and 77.1% (n=27) were male. Histology was mainly prostate (51.4%, n=18) and breast cancer (14.3%, n=5). Median total radiation dose delivered was 24 Gy (range: 24-42), in three fractions (range: 2-7), prescribed to 70 - 90% isodose-line. After a median FU of 1.8 years (range, 0.1-8.2) for survivors, complete-/ partial response, stable (SD), and progressive disease occurred in 0%, 11.4% (n=4), 68.6% (n=24) and 20.0% (n=7) of the patients respectively. Twenty patients (57.1%) died during the FU time, all from disease progression, yet 70% (n=14) from this population with local SD after SBRT. From patients who were symptomatic and available for FU, almost 50% reported pain reduction after SBRT.ConclusionsEighty percent of the patients showed local control (LC) after SBRT for bone metastases. Pain response was favorable. For more accurate response assessment, comparing current imaging modalities with advanced imaging techniques such as functional MRI and PET-CT is warranted.Trial registrationRetrospectively registered.
Harflerden Oluşan Genişletilmiş MNİST Veri Kümesinin Derin Öğrenme Tabanlı Tasarlanmış Sinir Ağı Modeli ile Sınıflandırılması
Authors: TOĞAÇAR Mesut 
Published: October 2021

MNİST veri kümesi, model öğrenmesi, görüntü işleme, sınıflandırma süreçlerinin gerçekleştirilmesinde standart bir ölçüt olarak kullanılmaktadır. MNİST veri kümesi içerisinde; el yazısı formatında hazırlanmış büyük harf, küçük harf ve rakam görüntülerinden oluşmaktadır. Genişletilmiş MNİST veri kümesi, MNİST veri kümesi ile aynı değerler dizisi formatında hazırlanmış daha kapsamlı ve sınıflandırma süreci daha zor bir veri seti türüdür. Günümüzde birçok alanda yapay zekâ tabanlı çalışmalar ilgi görmeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Genişletilmiş MNİST veri kümesinin eğitilmesi ve sınıflandırması amacıyla Python dilinde tasarlanmış yeni bir sinir ağı modeli önerilmektedir. Önerilen modelde, ön işlem adımı olarak veri büyütme
yöntemi eğitim verileri için uygulanmıştır ve 26 harf kategorik olarak sınıflandırıldı. Sınıflandırma sürecinde genel doğruluk başarısı %94,73 olarak elde edildi. Önerdiğimiz model, el yazısı görüntülerinin sınıflandırılmasında başarılı bir analiz gerçekleştirdiği gözlemlendi
Zinc adsorption from aqueous solution using lemon, orange, watermelon, melon, pineapple, and banana rinds
Authors: Yılmaz Ozge , Tugrul Nurcan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, six fruit rinds, chemical activated using ZnCl2 and carbonized by microwave, were used as biosorbent to remove zinc from aqueous solution. Fruit kind, microwave treatment time and adsorption contact time effects on zinc biosorption yield were examined. The characterization of raw materials and synthesized biosorbents were realized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The dried fruits rinds were activated for 2 or 4 h using ZnCl2 and carbonized for 1, 2, 3 or 4 min at 800 W microwave power. Zinc biosorption yield was determined using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Maximum zinc biosorption capability was determined as 39.18 mg/g for lemon, 35.78 mg/g for orange, 14.76 mg/g for watermelon, 13.06 mg/g for melon, 12.2 mg/g for pineapple and 9 mg/g for banana rinds. The results indicate that the six fruits rinds can be used for zinc adsorption from aqueous solution as cost-effective and environmentally friendly biosorbent with high adsorption efficiency.
Development, Validation, and Assessment of Clinical Impact of Real-time Alerts to Detect Inpatient As-Needed Opioid Orders With Duplicate Indications: Prospective Study
Authors: Rizk Elsie , Swan Joshua T 
Published: October 2021

Background
As-needed (PRN) opioid orders with duplicate indications can lead to medication errors and opioid-related adverse drug events.

Objective
The objective of our study was to build and validate real-time alerts that detect duplicate PRN opioid orders and assist clinicians in optimizing the safety of opioid orders.

Methods
This single-center, prospective study used an iterative, 3-step process to refine alert performance by advancing from small sample evaluations of positive predictive values (PPVs) (step 1) through intensive evaluations of accuracy (step 2) to evaluations of clinical impact (step 3). Validation cohorts were randomly sampled from eligible patients for each step.

Results
During step 1, the PPV was 100% (one-sided, 97.5% CI 70%-100%) for moderate and severe pain alerts. During step 2, duplication of 1 or more PRN opioid orders was identified for 17% (34/201; 95% CI, 12%-23%) of patients during chart review. This bundle of alerts showed 94% sensitivity (95% CI 80%-99%) and 96% specificity (95% CI 92%-98%) for identifying patients who had duplicate PRN opioid orders. During step 3, at least 1 intervention was made to the medication profile for 77% (46/60; 95% CI 64%-87%) of patients, and at least 1 inappropriate duplicate PRN opioid order was discontinued for 53% (32/60; 95% CI 40%-66%) of patients.

Conclusions
The bundle of alerts developed in this study was validated against chart review by a pharmacist and identified patients who benefited from medication safety interventions to optimize PRN opioid orders.
(Non)Parallel developmental pathways to vertebrate appenda
Authors: Swank Samantha , Sanger Thomas , Stuart Yoel 
Published: October 2021

This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article:
(Non)Parallel developmental mechanisms in vertebrate appendage
reduction and loss , which has been published in final form
at https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8226. This article may be used for
non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions
for Use of Self-Archived Versions.

Appendages have been reduced or lost hundreds of times independently
during vertebrate evolution. This suggests that selection routinely
favors appendage reduction. How often are the same developmental and
genetic pathways used during loss by independent lineages? We reviewed
the developmental and evolutionary literatures of appendage reduction in
12 genera spanning fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals. We found that
appendage reduction and loss resulted from modified gene expression in
each case but one. However, the genes for which expression was modified
were rarely shared. Our findings suggest that adaptive loss of complex
traits might proceed relatively easily through changes in gene
expression along multiple developmental pathways.
Legal status and labor legal entity in the science of labor law
Authors: Markin A.O. , Timchenko L.M. 
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the category of legal status and labor legal personality in the science of labor law, represents the ratio of the terms “person” and “personality”. Legal personality is a fundamental legal category because it determines the ability of a person to own the law. Legal personality is a developing legal property that reflects the specifics of social relations, the peculiarities of socio-economic formation, determine the place of the individual in society as a whole, and the field of a particular branch of law in particular. The realities of a market economy objectively necessitate a clear definition of legal personality as a fundamental legal category in the field of labor law to ensure the priority of contractual regulation of legal relations on the use of hired labor and, at the same time, effective implementation of the protective function of labor law. The author singles out three types of legal status: general (single) legal status for all citizens of our state; general status for all employees (employees); special or special status for certain categories of workers.Legal status is one of the central concepts of modern legal science, it was developed by many scholars of both the Soviet and modern periods.
The author substantiates that the key elements of the legal status of the employee in labor relations are his legal personality. Particular attention is paid to the structure of the legal personality of the employee. It is proved that the legal capacity and capacity of the employee are the only indivisible phenomenon - legal personality. Substantiations are presented that the second necessary element of the legal personality of the employee is the ability to work. The current legal and legal status of the individual in almost the entire post-Soviet space is characterized by such features as extreme instability, weak legal protection, lack of reliable guarantee mechanisms, the inability of state authorities to effectively ensure the interests of citizens, their right to life, freedom, honor, dignity, property, security, equality, social justice and more.
Penitentiary probation as a mechanism to prevent the commission of repeated criminal offenses
Authors: Yushchyk О.І. 
Published: October 2021

The article examines penitentiary probation as a mechanism to prevent the commission of repeated criminal offenses. The author paid attention to the analysis of international and national legislation, which enshrines the concept of penitentiary probation and the procedure for its implementation in relation to persons sentenced to restriction of liberty and imprisonment. The adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On Probation” and the establishment of a probation service in Ukraine served to introduce one of the types of probation - penitentiary, as one of the requirements of international organizations. In particular, the implementation of Recommendations CM \ Rec (2010) of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the Council of Europe Rules on Probation concerned the purpose of probation by preventing and reducing crime. To achieve this goal, namely to reduce the commission of repeated criminal offenses, it is necessary to establish a positive relationship with the offender and provide social assistance by returning him to public life.
According to the Law of Ukraine “Of Probation”, the main purpose of probation is to prepare persons serving a sentence of restriction of liberty or imprisonment for a certain period of time for release for the purpose of employment of such persons after release at their chosen place of residence. Penitentiary probation should ensure that the convict is provided with a range of social services that will prepare him for release from prison with further adaptation and return to society as a full member. Restoration of the social status of the released person and provision of psychological assistance will help prevent the commission of new criminal offenses. To ensure the restoration of this status, the relevant authorities must clarify the need of the convict after his release from prison. In particular, if necessary, provide social assistance, which may be manifested in the provision of housing, employment, assistance in obtaining a profession, recovery of documents, as well as the provision of psychological assistance. The above factors will serve to assist the released person in social and material adaptation in society, which in turn will help prevent the commission of new criminal offenses.
A Simple Guide to Lawn Mowing
Authors: Lee Perry Y.C. , Lee Joshua B. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the total time required to mow a two-dimensional rectangular region of grass using a push mower. In deriving the total time, each of the three ‘well known’ (or intuitive) mowing patterns to cut the entire rectangular grass area is used. Using basic mathematics, analytical and empirical time results for each of the three patterns taken to completely cover this rectangular region are presented, and examples are used to determine which pattern provides an optimal total time to cut a planar rectangular region. This paper provides quantitative information to aid in deciding which mowing pattern to use when cutting one’s lawn.
Magnetostratigraphy of lower Paleocene strata in the Ferris Formation, Hanna Basin, Wyoming, with refined resolution of the Pu1–Pu2 interval-zone boundary of the Puercan North American Land Mammal Age
Authors: Albright L. Barry , Eberle Jaelyn L. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Recent studies of early Paleocene stratigraphic sections across the U.S. Western Interior are refining our understanding of the biotic recovery in the aftermath of the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction event. Herein we present magnetostratigraphic data from an approximately 600-m-thick section of strata of the Ferris Formation in the Hanna Basin, south-central Wyoming, that spans the K–Pg boundary and includes in conformable superposition the three subdivisions of the earliest Paleocene Puercan North American Land Mammal Age: interval zones Pu1, Pu2, and Pu3. Prior studies on early Paleocene stratigraphic sections in Montana to the north of Hanna Basin and in Colorado and New Mexico to the south have been only marginally successful in defining the temporal boundaries of these divisions. This earlier work typically restricted Pu1 entirely within reversed magnetochron C29r, Pu2 entirely within normal magnetochron C29n, and at least the early part of Pu3 in C29n, as well. Results of the present study confirm what has been only tentatively suggested previously: that interval zone Pu2 begins in the youngest part of C29r, with later Pu2 fauna extending into C29n. Although Pu3 is known to begin in C29n, its younger limit remains unknown in our Hanna Basin section, because the top of the local Puercan is well above the stratigraphic level of our sampling for this project. We estimate a date for the Pu1–Pu2 boundary in the Hanna Basin section of approximately 65.82 Ma—nearly 70 k.y. earlier than prior estimates. This boundary marks the transition from the Pu1 survival fauna to later phases of the mammalian recovery characterized by a significant increase in diversity, appearance of considerably larger-bodied mammals, and greater dental and dietary specializations.
Spontaneous sacral fracture with associated acrometastasis of the hand
Authors: Umana Giuseppe Emmanuele , Scalia Gianluca , Palmisciano Paolo , Passanisi Maurizio , Pompili Gianluca , Amico Paolo , Ippolito Massimo , Sabini Maria Gabriella , Cicero Salvatore , Perrotta Rosario 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Acrometastases, secondary tumors affecting oncological patients with systemic metastases, are associated with a poor prognosis. In rare cases, acrometastases may precede establishing the primary tumor diagnosis.

Case Description:
A 72-year-old female heavy smoker presented with low back pain, and right lower extremity sciatica/radiculopathy. X-rays, CT, MR, and PET-CT scans documented primary lung cancer with multi-organ metastases and accompanying pathological fractures involving the sacrum (S1) and right 4th digit. She underwent a S1 laminectomy and amputation of the distal phalanx of the right fourth finger. The histological examination documented a poorly differentiated pulmonary adenocarcinoma infiltrating bone and soft tissues in the respective locations. The patient was treated with a course of systemic immunotherapy (i.e. pembrolizumab). At 6-month follow-up, the patient is doing well and can stand and walk without pain.

Conclusion:
Spontaneous sacral fractures may be readily misdiagnosed as osteoporotic and/or traumatic lesions. However, in this case, the additional simultaneous presence of a lytic finger lesion raised the suspicion that these were both metastatic tumors. Such acrometastases, as in this case attributed to a lung primary, may indeed involve the spine.
Approximaitly Quasi-primary Submodules
Authors: Sh. Ajeel Ali , A. Abdulla Omar , K. Mohammadali Haibat 
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we introduce and study the notation of approximaitly quasi-primary submodules of a unitary left -module over a commutative ring with identity. This concept is a generalization of prime and primary submodules, where a proper submodule of an -module is called an approximaitly quasi-primary (for short App-qp) submodule of , if , for , , implies that either or , for some . Many basic properties, examples and characterizations of this concept are introduced.
Fuzzy Semimaximal Submodules
Authors: A. Hamel Maysoun , Y. Khalaf Hatam 
Published: October 2021

Let R be a commutative ring with unity and an R-submodule N is called semimaximal if and only if
the sufficient conditions of F-submodules to be semimaximal .Also the concepts of (simple , semisimple) F- submodules and quotient F- modules are introduced and given some properties .
Emocionalidades en tensión
Authors: Patiño-Gaviria Carlos-Darío , Cadavid-Marulanda Yuliana-María , Pabón-Valencia Laura-Vanesa , Duque-Monsalve Luisa-Fernanda , Sandoval-Casilimas Carlos-Arturo 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: comprender el horizonte histórico de los sentimientos que se producen con respecto a la prestación del servicio militar, las resistencias antimilitaristas y las alternativas de masculinidad en un contexto de construcción de paz y postconflicto en Colombia. Metodología: el estudio se realizó en perspectiva construccionista, con orientación hermenéutica. Se generaron los datos mediante observación participante, entrevistas y grupos focales con 10 colectivos de jóvenes antimilitaristas en diferentes ciudades de Colombia. Algunos de los jóvenes dieron cuenta de sus experiencias prestando el servicio militar. Resultados: se describen los modos cómo los sentimientos y subjetividades de los jóvenes son moldeados en la socialización militar bajo el referente de la masculinidad hegemónica (MH). Así mismo, se presentan las prácticas cotidianas de resistencia y construcción de paz de estos jóvenes, posibles gracias a las transformaciones subjetivas y afectivas que se producen haciendo resistencia a la cultura patriarcal y militarista. Conclusiones: el antimilitarismo, de la mano de la no violencia, configuran relaciones humanas de respeto, amor, solidaridad, compasión, fraternidad y ternura (sentimientos que son reprimidos por el modelo de MH), con lo que se favorece el cambio de los valores militaristas hacia otros valores como la paz, la equidad y la libertad.
Regiones colombianas y conflicto armado
Authors: Arboleda-Castro Maria-Elvira , Pavas-Llanos Andrea , Hidalgo-Dager Sebastián 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: analizar el efecto que tiene el conflicto armado colombiano dentro del crecimiento económico a través de variables que se identificaron en doce departamentos de Colombia divididos en dos grupos a partir del modelo centro – periferia. Metodología: se busca demostrar la relación entre el crecimiento económico y el flagelo del conflicto a través de variables macroeconómicas ─PIB (Producto Interno Bruto) y PIB per cápita (Producto Interno Bruto por persona) ─, económicas (natalidad, mercado laboral) y violencia (acciones bélicas, homicidios, secuestros). Se optó por correr una regresión lineal múltiple para entender la relación funcional entre las constantes dependientes (PIB) y las independientes que contiene el modelo, donde se pudo observar qué variables son las que realmente afectan el comportamiento del PIB dado que se mantendrán las mismas condiciones en el resto de las variables. Resultados: se explicó si hay o no relación entre el conflicto armado en Colombia y el crecimiento económico departamental, es decir, se explicaron cuáles son las variables significativas y cuáles tienen los coeficientes y el valor p,( probabilidad del valor estadístico ), los cuales son arrojados por Stata automáticamente.
Se pudo encontrar las variables del modelo, el número de observaciones (Obs), el promedio (Mean), la desviación estándar (Std. Dev.), el valor mínimo (Min) y el valor máximo (Max). Conclusiones: con el estudio se logró evidenciar la relación del conflicto armado con el crecimiento económico de aquellos departamentos que pertenecen a la periferia, estos son los que tienen mayor presencia del conflicto y evidencia de abandono estatal. Como era de esperarse, el resultado arrojado por el modelo fue significativo a pesar de que ciertas variables explicativas no tuvieron el signo esperado, por lo que se optó por no incluirlas en el análisis de políticas públicas y no concluir sobre ellas. Para aquellas que sí tuvieron el signo esperado, se hicieron los respectivos análisis con el objetivo de brindar soluciones que lleven a una reducción del conflicto armado en todas sus dimensiones y su afectación directa en el comportamiento del PIB departamental.
Perceived Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in Nepalese Banking Industry
Authors: Joshi Chhemanand 
Published: October 2021

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between banking service quality dimensions and customer satisfaction in Nepalese banking industry. Three commercial banks operating in Kailali district (Rastriya Banijya Bank, Nabil Bank and Global IME bank) were taken as sample and 327 depositor customers of these banks were surveyed using structured five point Likert scale questionnaire. Data was collected via online and field survey by visiting the customers at related banks, business organizations and government and non government offices of Kailali. SPSS version 20, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analysis have been used to analyze the data. The findings of this study revealed that there is positive relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction. All the service quality dimensions have statistically significant positive impact on customer satisfaction except tangibility. It means higher service quality helps increase customer satisfaction. The results of this study will help bank mangers to focus on their customer’s satisfaction in order to compete favorably in banking Industry. Future researchers can conduct their study focusing on mediating effect of customer satisfaction in service quality and customer loyalty. Effect of demographic variables on satisfaction is also unanswered in this study so, further study can be done including moderating effect of demographic variables.