bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eine Ethik des unzuverlässigen Erzählens. Fred Wanders Erzählung Der siebente Brunnen (1971)
Authors: Pabst Stephan 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungFred Wanders ErzählungDer siebente Brunnenist eine Gegenerzählung zur antifaschistischen LegitimationserzählungNackt unter Wölfenvon Bruno Apitz. Das äußert sich auch in der erzählerischen Form. Wander arbeitet mit einem unzuverlässigen Erzähler. Er motiviert diese Unzuverlässigkeit ethisch und epistemisch mit der Erzählsituation, die der Holocaust historisch hervorgebracht hat. Daran lässt sich auch zeigen, warum – wenigstens bei der Beschreibung literarischer Texte – der Begriff der Unzuverlässigkeit dem des Traumas vorzuziehen ist.
„Du bist der Letzte gewesen“. Brand’s Haide (1951): Arno Schmidt erzählt Arno Schmidt?
Authors: Hanuschek Sven 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungArno Schmidts Erzählung Brand's Haide (1951) wird vorgestellt; die autobiographischen Anteile des Textes sind einem „merging“-Verfahren unterworfen, das es für die zeitgenössischen Leser – angewiesen auf intratextuelle Informationen – unmöglich gemacht hat, sie in ihrem Realitätsstatus einzuschätzen. Indem der Ich-Erzähler, die Figur ‚Schmidt‘, in ihrer Beschränktheit zumal gegenüber den Frauenfiguren des Textes gezeigt wird, kann sie als unzuverlässiger Erzähler (mit einigen Kooperationsbrüchen und axiologischen Unzuverlässigkeiten) gelten. An einmontierten Fremdtexten und dezidiert falsch präsentierten ‚Quellen‘ kann gezeigt werden, dass Schmidt die Unterscheidungsmöglichkeiten der Wirklichkeitsebenen seines Textes konsequent verwischt. Abschließend wird nach der Funktion dieser Strategien gefragt, die bestimmte philosophisch-weltanschauliche Positionen nahelegen.
Soft theorems from boundary terms in the classical point particle currents
Authors: DeLisle Colby , Wilson-Gerow Jordan , Stamp Philip 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Soft factorization has been shown to hold to sub-leading order in QED and to sub-sub-leading order in perturbative quantum gravity, with various loop and non-universal corrections that can be found. Here we show that all terms factorizing at tree level can be uniquely identified as boundary terms that exist already in the classical expressions for the electric current and stress tensor of a point particle. Further, we show that one cannot uniquely identify such boundary terms beyond the sub-leading or sub-sub-leading orders respectively, providing evidence that the factorizability of the tree level soft factor only holds to these orders. Finally, we show that these boundary terms factor out of all tree level amplitudes as expected, in a theory where gravitons couple to a scalar field.
A lysosomal enigma CLN5 and its significance in understanding neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
Authors: Basak I. , Wicky H. E. , McDonald K. O. , Xu J. B. , Palmer J. E. , Best H. L. , Lefrancois S. , Lee S. Y. , Schoderboeck L. , Hughes S. M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNeuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (NCL), also known as Batten disease, is an incurable childhood brain disease. The thirteen forms of NCL are caused by mutations in thirteen CLN genes. Mutations in one CLN gene, CLN5, cause variant late-infantile NCL, with an age of onset between 4 and 7 years. The CLN5 protein is ubiquitously expressed in the majority of tissues studied and in the brain, CLN5 shows both neuronal and glial cell expression. Mutations in CLN5 are associated with the accumulation of autofluorescent storage material in lysosomes, the recycling units of the cell, in the brain and peripheral tissues. CLN5 resides in the lysosome and its function is still elusive. Initial studies suggested CLN5 was a transmembrane protein, which was later revealed to be processed into a soluble form. Multiple glycosylation sites have been reported, which may dictate its localisation and function. CLN5 interacts with several CLN proteins, and other lysosomal proteins, making it an important candidate to understand lysosomal biology. The existing knowledge on CLN5 biology stems from studies using several model organisms, including mice, sheep, cattle, dogs, social amoeba and cell cultures. Each model organism has its advantages and limitations, making it crucial to adopt a combinatorial approach, using both human cells and model organisms, to understand CLN5 pathologies and design drug therapies. In this comprehensive review, we have summarised and critiqued existing literature on CLN5 and have discussed the missing pieces of the puzzle that need to be addressed to develop an efficient therapy for CLN5 Batten disease.
Recent trends in drugs of abuse metabolism studies for mass spectrometry–based analytical screening procedures
Authors: Wagmann Lea , Gampfer Tanja M. , Meyer Markus R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe still increasing number of drugs of abuse, particularly the so-called new psychoactive substances (NPS), poses an analytical challenge for clinical and forensic toxicologists but also for doping control. NPS usually belong to various classes such as synthetic cannabinoids, phenethylamines, opioids, or benzodiazepines. Like other xenobiotics, NPS undergo absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes after consumption, but only very limited data concerning their toxicokinetics and safety properties is available once they appear on the market. The inclusion of metabolites in mass spectral libraries is often crucial for the detection of NPS especially in urine screening approaches. Authentic human samples may represent the gold standard for identification of metabolites but are often not available and clinical studies cannot be performed due to ethical concerns. However, numerous alternative in vitro and in vivo models are available. This trends article will give an overview on selected models, discuss current studies, and highlight recent developments.
Prognostic role of the systemic immune–inflammation index in upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated with radical nephroureterectomy: results from a large multicenter international collaboration
Authors: Mori Keiichiro , Resch Irene , Miura Noriyoshi , Laukhtina Ekaterina , Schuettfort Victor M. , Pradere Benjamin , Katayama Satoshi , D’Andrea David , Kardoust Parizi Mehdi , Abufaraj Mohammad , Fukuokaya Wataru , Collà Ruvolo Claudia , Luzzago Stefano , Knipper Sophie , Palumbo Carlotta , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Briganti Alberto , Enikeev Dmitry V. , Rouprêt Morgan , Margulis Vitaly , Egawa Shin , Shariat Shahrokh F. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the prognostic role of the preoperative systemic immune–inflammation index (SII) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analyzed our multi-institutional database to identify 2492 patients. SII was calculated as platelet count × neutrophil/lymphocyte count and evaluated at a cutoff of 485. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association of SII with muscle-invasive and non-organ-confined (NOC) disease. Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the association of SII with recurrence-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival (RFS/CSS/OS).

Results
Overall, 986 (41.6%) patients had an SII > 485. On univariable logistic regression analyses, SII > 485 was associated with a higher risk of muscle-invasive (P = 0.004) and NOC (P = 0.03) disease at RNU. On multivariable logistic regression, SII remained independently associated with muscle-invasive disease (P = 0.01). On univariable Cox regression analyses, SII > 485 was associated with shorter RFS (P = 0.002), CSS (P = 0.002) and OS (P = 0.004). On multivariable Cox regression analyses SII remained independently associated with survival outcomes (all P < 0.05). Addition of SII to the multivariable models improved their discrimination of the models for predicting muscle-invasive disease (P = 0.02). However, all area under the curve and C-indexes increased by < 0.02 and it did not improve net benefit on decision curve analysis.

Conclusions
Preoperative altered SII is significantly associated with higher pathologic stages and worse survival outcomes in patients treated with RNU for UTUC. However, the SII appears to have relatively limited incremental additive value in clinical use. Further study of SII in prognosticating UTUC is warranted before routine use in clinical algorithms.
Donor lymphocyte infusions after first allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in adults with acute myeloid leukemia: a single-center landmark analysis
Authors: Rettig Andrés R. , Ihorst Gabriele , Bertz Hartmut , Lübbert Michael , Marks Reinhard , Waterhouse Miguel , Wäsch Ralph , Zeiser Robert , Duyster Justus , Finke Jürgen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is potentially curative for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The inherent graft-versus-leukemia activity (GvL) may be optimized by donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI). Here we present our single-center experience of DLI use patterns and effectiveness, based on 342 consecutive adult patients receiving a first allo-HSCT for AML between 2009 and 2017. The median age at transplantation was 57 years (range 19–79), and the pre-transplant status was active disease in 58% and complete remission (CR) in 42% of cases. In a combined landmark analysis, patients in CR on day +30 and alive on day +100 were included. In this cohort (n=292), 93 patients received cryopreserved aliquots of peripheral blood-derived grafts for DLI (32%) and median survival was 55.7 months (2-year/5-year probability: 62%/49%). Median survival for patients receiving a first dose of DLI “preemptively,” in the absence of relapse and guided by risk marker monitoring (preDLI; n=42), or only after hematological relapse (relDLI; n=51) was 40.9 months (2-year/5-year: 64%/43%) vs 10.4 months (2-year/5-year: 26%/10%), respectively. Survival was inferior when preDLI was initiated at a time of genetic risk marker detection vs mixed chimerism or clinical risk only. Time to first-dose preDLI vs time to first-dose relDLI was similar, suggesting that early warning and intrinsically lower dynamics of AML recurrence may contribute to effectiveness of preDLI-modified GvL activity. Future refinements of the preemptive DLI concept will benefit from collaborative efforts to diagnose measurable residual disease more reliably across the heterogeneous genomic spectrum of AML.
Sildenafil and suicide in Sweden
Authors: Catalano Ralph , Goldman-Mellor Sidra , Bruckner Tim A. , Hartig Terry 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMuch theory asserts that sexual intimacy sustains mental health. Experimental tests of such theory remain rare and have not provided compelling evidence because ethical, practical, and cultural constraints bias samples and results. An epidemiologic approach would, therefore, seem indicated given the rigor the discipline brings to quasi-experimental research. For reasons that remain unclear, however, epidemiologist have largely ignored such theory despite the plausibility of the processes implicated, which engender, for example, happiness, feelings of belonging and self-worth, and protection against depression. We use an intent-to-treat design, implemented via interrupted time-series methods, to test the hypothesis that the monthly incidence of suicide, a societally important distal measure of mental health in a population, decreased among Swedish men aged 50–59 after July 2013 when patent rights to sildenafil (i.e., Viagra) ceased, prices fell, and its use increased dramatically. The test uses 102 pre, and 18 post, price-drop months. 65 fewer suicides than expected occurred among men aged 50–59 over test months following the lowering of sildenafil prices. Our findings could not arise from shared trends or seasonality, biased samples, or reverse causation. Our results would appear by chance fewer than once in 10,000 experiments. Our findings align with theory indicating that sexual intimacy reinforces mental health. Using suicide as our distal measure of mental health further implies that public health programming intended to address the drivers of self-destructive behavior should reduce barriers to intimacy in the middle-aged populations.
Bulk nanocomposite made of ZnO lamellae embedded in the ZnWO4 matrix: growth from the melt
Authors: Tomczyk Monika , Osewski Pawel , Berger Marie-Helene , Diduszko Ryszard , Jóźwik Iwona , Adamo Giorgio , Pawlak Dorota A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures exhibiting high exciton binding energy and efficient radiative recombination, even at the room temperature, are of increasing interest due to their prospective exploitation in optoelectronic and laser applications. However, attempts to synthesize well-ordered structures through simple and fast process have faced many difficulties. Here, we demonstrate a novel manufacturing method of ZnO lamellae embedded in a crystalline wide band gap dielectric matrix of the zinc tungstate, ZnWO4. The manufacturing method is based on a directional solidification of a eutectic composite, directly from the melt, resulting in a nanostructured bulk material. Electron microscopy studies revealed clear phase separation between the ZnO and ZnWO4 phases, and cathodoluminescence confirmed exciton emission at room temperature and thus high quality and crystallinity of the ZnO lamellae, without defect emission. Hence, utilization of directional solidification of eutectics may enable cost-efficient manufacturing of bulk nanostructured ZnO composites and their use in optical devices.

Graphical abstract
The Role of Family and Friends in Return Migration and Its Labor Market Outcomes
Authors: Gillespie Brian Joseph , Mulder Clara H. , von Reichert Christiane 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDrawing on survey data on individuals’ motives for migration in Sweden (N = 2172), we examine the importance of family and friends for return versus onward migration, including their importance for different age groups and in different communities on the rural–urban spectrum. The results point to a significant relationship between the importance of family and return versus onward migration, with family importance decreasing with age among returning migrants. At the same time, the importance of friends for returning increases with age. The findings did not suggest a significant relationship between urbanicity and returning versus migration elsewhere. Based on a subset of respondents who were employed prior to migrating (n = 1056), we further examined labor market outcomes for onward versus returning migrants. The results broadly indicate that return migrations are linked to lower likelihoods of labor market deterioration and improvement, suggesting greater labor market stability for return vis-à-vis onward migrations. However, the importance of family for returning (versus moving elsewhere) is associated with higher likelihoods of labor market deterioration and improvement compared with staying the same, indicating greater volatility in labor market outcomes when the importance of family is considered.
Continuous quality improvement in measure development: Lessons from building a novel clinical feedback system
Authors: Nordberg Samuel S. , McAleavey Andrew A. , Moltu Christian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
While the use of clinical feedback systems has become commonplace in psychological treatment, many of the most common instruments used for this purpose have not changed in decades. This paper describes the first four cycles of a measure development method designed to embrace continuous quality improvement.

Methods
Using techniques and philosophies developed in business management and academia—lean continuous quality improvement, action research, and practice research networks—we iterated through multiple cycles of development with the goal of creating an optimal clinical feedback system. These cycles emphasize building capacity to receive and implement feedback from a variety of stakeholders, especially patients and providers of behavioral health services, while also being responsive to quantitative findings from measure development.

Results
Iterating measure development with stakeholder feedback over the course of 5 years has resulted in a novel measurement system with 19 subscales administered via branching logic, and a supporting practice research network to sustain development.

Conclusion
In developing a new clinical feedback system, the less-frequently-discussed practical aspects of measure development require close attention. Specifically, being willing to embrace change, planning for iteration, and systematically seeking stakeholder feedback are identified as central methods for improving clinical feedback systems.
Conservation of Marine Foundation Species: Learning from Native Oyster Restoration from California to British Columbia
Authors: Ridlon April D. , Marks Althea , Zabin Chela J. , Zacherl Danielle , Allen Brian , Crooks Jeffrey , Fleener Gary , Grosholz Edwin , Peabody Betsy , Toft Jodie , Wasson Kerstin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMarine foundation species are critical to the structure and resilience of coastal ecosystems and provide key ecosystem services. Since many have suffered severe population declines, restoration of foundation species has been undertaken worldwide. The Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida) is a foundation species, and the restoration of depleted populations is a priority for maintaining ecosystem function of estuaries along the west coast of North America. Here, we synthesize all native oyster restoration projects conducted from California, USA, to British Columbia, Canada, and analyze project goals, methods, and outcomes. Currently, restoration projects are spread unevenly across the species’ range, driven by locally varying goals and implemented with contrasting approaches. We highlight the value of regional strategic planning and decision support tools to evaluate project design and methods for restoration, including the selection of substrates and the targeted use of aquaculture. We recommend future investment in larger projects, which our analysis found were more cost-effective, but which have been relatively rare for this species. We also recommend that funders support monitoring over broader temporal and spatial scales than in the past to better characterize long-term effects of restoration on oyster populations and the services they provide beyond the project footprint. We found that most projects successfully supported native oysters and engaged local communities, and recommend similar efforts to continue to enhance understanding of Olympia oysters, which remain unfamiliar to many coastal residents. We believe that the results of this synthesis are broadly applicable to marine foundation species generally, and can inform restoration and conservation efforts worldwide.
Der Brexit-Prozess und die Austrittsdoktrin: Die Führungsrolle des Europäischen Rats
Authors: Bujard Birgit , Wessels Wolfgang 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungZum Verständnis des Brexit-Prozesses ist eine Analyse der Rolle des Europäischen Rats unumgänglich. Er hat bei der Gestaltung der Beziehung zum Vereinigten Königreich die Führung übernommen und zentrale Entscheidungen zum Verfahren und den Unionszielen getroffen. Er hat sie in ein Narrativ gefasst, das die Errungenschaften der EU und die Unterschiede zwischen Mitgliedern und Nichtmitgliedern nachhaltig hervorhebt. Wie die Beitrittskriterien könnten diese Vorgaben und Beschlüsse zur Austrittsdoktrin werden.
Mindfulness Is Linked with Affectivity in Daily Life: An Experience-Sampling Study with Meditators
Authors: Tschacher Wolfgang , Lienhard Noëmi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives
An increasing number of findings indicate associations between mindfulness and affect as well as mindfulness and stress. Most studies have conceptualized and measured these variables on a trait level, often in student samples or clinical contexts.

Methods
We adopted an experience-sampling approach to measure mindfulness, affect, and stress repeatedly as states in naturalistic environments. In assessing mindfulness, we factorized items from the trait questionnaire CHIME to conceptualize state mindfulness, finding two mindfulness facets labeled Awareness and Acceptance. Affect was measured using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and perceived stress was rated by a single item. Data was gathered by a smartphone app that prompted participants six times a day for 10 consecutive days. Using hierarchical regression, we examined associations at the same time-point as well as with time lags, in order to also elucidate Granger causal relationships. Fifty-six practicing meditators participated in this study.

Results
Concerning the associations of state mindfulness facets with affectivity at the same time, both Awareness and Acceptance were linked with positive affect and negatively with stress. Negative affect was associated negatively with Acceptance. The lagged analyses suggested the Granger causal interpretation that Acceptance reduced negative affect. We also found reversed lagged effects, in that positive affect attenuated subsequent Awareness and negative affect subsequent Acceptance.

Conclusions
The bidirectional Granger causal effects between mindfulness and affect challenged a one-sided interpretation of mindfulness-affect associations. One implication for psychotherapy may be to clarify why mindfulness and resilience (i.e., therapists’ hardiness with respect to adversity) are properties of efficient therapists.
COVID-19 infection map generation and detection from chest X-ray images
Authors: Degerli Aysen , Ahishali Mete , Yamac Mehmet , Kiranyaz Serkan , Chowdhury Muhammad E. H. , Hameed Khalid , Hamid Tahir , Mazhar Rashid , Gabbouj Moncef 
Published: April 2021

AbstractComputer-aided diagnosis has become a necessity for accurate and immediate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) detection to aid treatment and prevent the spread of the virus. Numerous studies have proposed to use Deep Learning techniques for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, they have used very limited chest X-ray (CXR) image repositories for evaluation with a small number, a few hundreds, of COVID-19 samples. Moreover, these methods can neither localize nor grade the severity of COVID-19 infection. For this purpose, recent studies proposed to explore the activation maps of deep networks. However, they remain inaccurate for localizing the actual infestation making them unreliable for clinical use. This study proposes a novel method for the joint localization, severity grading, and detection of COVID-19 from CXR images by generating the so-calledinfection maps. To accomplish this, we have compiled the largest dataset with 119,316 CXR images including 2951 COVID-19 samples, where the annotation of the ground-truth segmentation masks is performed on CXRs by a novel collaborative human–machine approach. Furthermore, we publicly release the first CXR dataset with the ground-truth segmentation masks of the COVID-19 infected regions. A detailed set of experiments show that state-of-the-art segmentation networks can learn to localize COVID-19 infection with an F1-score of 83.20%, which is significantly superior to the activation maps created by the previous methods. Finally, the proposed approach achieved a COVID-19 detection performance with 94.96% sensitivity and 99.88% specificity.