bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive review of recombinant technology in the food industry: Exploring expression systems, application, and future challenges
Authors: Liu Ming , Xiao Ran , Li Xiaolin , Zhao Yingyu , Huang Jihong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBiotechnology has significantly advanced the production of recombinant proteins (RPs). This review examines the latest advancements in protein production technologies, including CRISPR, genetic engineering, vector integration, and fermentation, and their implications for the food industry. This review delineates the merits and shortcomings of prevailing host systems for RP production, underscoring molecular and process strategies pivotal for amplifying yields and purity. It traverses the spectrum of RP applications, challenges, and burgeoning trends, highlighting the imperative of employing robust hosts and cutting‐edge genetic engineering to secure high‐quality, high‐yield outputs while circumventing protein aggregation and ensuring correct folding for enhanced activity. Recombinant technology has paved the way for the food industry to produce alternative proteins like leghemoglobin and cytokines, along with enzyme preparations such as proteases and lipases, and to modify microbial pathways for synthesizing beneficial compounds, including pigments, terpenes, flavonoids, and functional sugars. However, scaling microbial production to industrial scales presents economic, efficiency, and environmental challenges that demand innovative solutions, including high‐throughput screening and CRISPR/Cas9 systems, to bolster protein yield and quality. Although recombinant technology holds much promise, it must navigate high costs and scalability to satisfy the escalating global demand for RPs in therapeutics and food. The variability in ethical and regulatory hurdles across regions further complicates market acceptance, underscoring an urgent need for robust regulatory frameworks for genetically modified organisms. These frameworks are essential for safeguarding the production process, ensuring product safety, and upholding the efficacy of RPs in industrial applications.
Calcium carbide (CaC2) ripening in fruits: Health risks, non‐destructive detection, quality control, and regulatory frameworks
Authors: Vidhya D. , Mahanti Naveen Kumar , Barun  , Dakho Jonah , Kumar Ashok , Chaubey Shivam , Chhetri Krishna Bahadur 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe use of calcium carbide (CaC2) for the artificial ripening of fruits is a common practice in some regions, despite being banned in many countries due to health concerns. CaC2 reacts with moisture to produce acetylene gas, which accelerates the ripening process. However, the presence of acetylene gas and its byproducts in CaC2‐ripened fruits can pose risks to human health. Therefore, there is a need for non‐destructive techniques to detect CaC2‐induced ripening and ensure the safety and quality of fruits. This review explores the scope and application of non‐destructive techniques for the detection of CaC2‐induced ripening of fruits. Various spectroscopic methods, including near‐infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and hyperspectral imaging, have been investigated for their potential to identify fruits ripened using CaC2. Additionally, chemical tests and sensor‐based approaches have been explored to detect residues of CaC2 and its byproducts in fruits. The review examines the principles behind these techniques and discusses their advantages, limitations, and practical applications. Non‐destructive techniques are promising for detecting CaC2‐induced ripening of fruits. Spectroscopic methods allow rapid identification of characteristic signatures in ripened fruits, whereas chemical tests and sensor‐based approaches detect CaC2 residues. These tools ensure fruit safety and authenticity, protecting consumer health. Further research is needed to improve the sensitivity and reliability of these methods for wider use in the food industry.
The Discovery of Water Conduction in Karst Collapsed Column Caused by Fault Cutting: Evidence from Chronology, Exploration Data and Hydrochemical Test
Authors: LU Cunjin , CHAI Jincheng , XU Jinpeng , LI Pu , BIAN Kai 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe water conductivity of karst collapsed column is affected by multiple factors such as the characteristics of its own column filling, structure and mining disturbance. As a structural water‐conducting channel, fault usually plays a controlling role in hydrogeological structure. During the process of mine water hazard prevention and control, it was discovered that the lithology composition, compaction and cementation degree and water physical properties of karst collapsed column fillings were all non‐conducting water, but due to the influence of combined development faults, some exploration drill holes showed concentrated water outflow. Based on this, the scientific hypothesis was proposed that fault cutting leads to water conduction in karst collapsed columns. The study comprehensively used methods like chronology, exploration data analysis, and hydrochemical testing to analyze the chronological relationship between faults and karst collapsed columns, their spatial relationship, outlet point distribution and water chemical properties, and the impact of faults on the water‐conductivity of karst collapsed columns, which proved the effect of fault cutting on changing water conductivity of karst collapsed column. The research showed that later fault cutting through karst collapsed columns turned the originally non‐conductive karst collapsed columns into water‐conductive collapsed columns at the fault plane, creating a longitudinally connected water‐conducting channel. A new model of fault cutting karst collapsed column to change the original water conductivity of karst collapsed column was proposed. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the prediction of the water conductivity of the karst collapsed column. According to whether the karst collapsed column was cut by the fault, it was predicted theoretically, so as to determine the key areas of water conductivity detection and prevention and control, and has broad application prospects under the background of source control of mine water disaster.
The Qixiangzhan Lava Flow at the Tianchi Volcano: Eruptive Dynamics, Emplacement Mechanism and Implications for the Formation of Long‐lived Magmatic Systems Prior to Caldera‐forming Eruptions
Authors: LI Jiahui , SHAN Xuanlong , YI Jian , WU Chengzhi , GUIDO Ventura , LIU Pengcheng , GUO Jiannan , WANG Wei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe 7 ka old Qixiangzhan lava flow (QXZ, Tianchi volcano) represents the last eruptive event before the 946 CE, caldera‐forming ‘Millennium’ eruption (ME). Petrographic, whole rock, mineral composition, Sr‐Nd isotopic data on QXZ show that: (a) the lava consists of two components, constituted by comenditic obsidian fragments immersed in a continuous, aphanitic component; (b) both components have the same geochemical and isotopic variations of the ME magma. The QXZ and ME comendites result from fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation processes. The temperature of the QXZ magma was about 790°C and the depth of the magma reservoir around 7 km, the same values as estimated for ME. QXZ had a viscosity of 105.5–109 Pa s and a velocity of 3–10 km/yr. The emplacement time was 0.5–1.6 yr and the flow rate 0.48–1.50 m3/s. These values lie within the range estimated for other rhyolitic flows worldwide. The QXZ lava originated through a mixed explosive–effusive activity with the obsidian resulting from the ascent of undercooling, degassing and the fragmentation of magma along the conduit walls, whereas the aphanitic component testifies to the less undercooled and segregated flow at the center of the conduit. The QXZ lava demonstrates the extensive history of the ME magma chamber.
The Influence of Microbial Community on Oil Reservoirs: A Case Study on the Mesozoic Natural Gas in the Pengyang Area, Southwestern Ordos Basin, China
Authors: SHANG Ting , NIU Xiaobing , LI Mingrui , ZHANG Zhongyi , HUANG Xuan , HAN Tianyou , ZHANG Xiaolei , LI Jihong , CHU Meijuan , LIU Xin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe formation of Mesozoic natural gas in the Pengyang area of southwestern Ordos Basin is discussed, from the perspective of microbial community characteristics, in order to clarify the relationship between the origin of natural gas and its associated indigenous microbial community. The types and diversity of indigenous microbial communities associated with the oil reservoir were studied by means of collecting reservoir formation water samples from exploration wells. The indigenous microbial communities in the Chang 8 member of the Yanchang Formation were primarily distributed within Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, including the specific species and genera of Methylobacter, Pseudomonas, Haibacter, Toxobacillus, Acinetobacter and Adura actinomyces. The results of diversity analysis shows that the number of common genes was 5448, while the number of unique genes and information was less. This reflects the fact that the strata in the study area are relatively closed and not invaded by external water sources, which leads to the development of biological community diversity. In conjunction with the analysis of geochemical characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs in this area, this indicates that the study area possesses the necessary geological conditions for microbial degradation. It is the first time that the species and diversity of the indigenous microbial community in the Ordos Basin have been analyzed, showing that microbial degradation is the main cause of natural gas formation here, changes the characteristics of crude oil in this area and provides first‐hand information on the impact of indigenous microorganisms on the reservoir.
Case Series: Extracutaneous Findings of Eosinophilic Fasciitis Patients
Authors: Yuce Inel Tuba , Karabacak Murat , Onen Fatos , Birlik Merih 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveEosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by cutaneous changes similar to scleroderma, usually associated with peripheral eosinophilia. This case series highlights clinical findings, particularly extracutaneous involvement, in EF patients to enhance clinician awareness of this rare condition.MethodsEF patients' skin and visceral organ involvement, musculoskeletal findings, laboratory tests (including acute phase reactants, autoantibodies, protein electrophoresis, etc.), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), skin biopsy results, and treatments were evaluated.ResultsThe patient's age at presentation was 54 (range 23–68), and 50% were female. All patients presented with skin thickening in the distal upper extremities, except for the hands and feet. Notably, 50% of the patients showed involvement in the trunk, while 87.5% exhibited involvement in the distal lower extremities. A total of 87.5% of patients had increased acute‐phase reactants, and three‐quarters had peripheral eosinophilia. Some patients presented with extracutaneous manifestations such as nonspecific pulmonary nodules, neuropathy, or arthritis. MRI scans on all patients revealed notable thickening, contrast enhancement, and increased signal intensity within the fascia. Treatment involved the initiation of corticosteroids, with 87.5% of patients requiring the addition of an immunosuppressive agent due to an inadequate response. While no hematological malignancies were detected during the follow‐up period, solid cancer was detected in one patient.ConclusionPatients diagnosed with EF should undergo a thorough evaluation for extracutaneous involvement, including joints, lungs, and muscles, as well as screening for occult malignancies. In instances where the condition does not respond to steroid therapy, it may be necessary to consider additional immunosuppressive treatments.
The fallacy of single imputation for trait databases: Use multiple imputation instead
Authors: Blomberg Simone P. , Todorov Orlin S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The past few years have seen the publication of many new trait databases. A common problem with large databases is a lack of completeness, or inversely, the high prevalence of missing values.

Biologists have developed several methods to impute (fill in) missing values. This allows ordinary statistical procedures to be used in analyses and the use of only complete cases, with a concomitant loss of power and accuracy, can be avoided.

Often, biologists use simulation to test new methods by deleting values from a dataset and recording how well the imputed values match the known, removed values.

Here we argue that this is a poor measure of the strength of an imputation method. We also describe the importance and logic of the statistical procedure of multiple imputation, which requires that the imputations need not be precise or accurate estimates of the missing data.
Effect of blood alcohol on the diagnostic accuracy of glial fibrillary acidic protein and ubiquitin carboxy‐terminal hydrolase L1 for traumatic intracranial hemorrhage: A TRACK‐TBI study
Authors: Harris Mark , Yue John K. , Jain Sonia , Sun Xiaoying , Puccio Ava M. , Gardner Raquel C. , Wang Kevin K. W. , Okonkwo David O. , Yuh Esther L. , Mukherjee Pratik , Nelson Lindsay D. , Taylor Sabrina R. , Markowitz Amy J. , Diaz‐Arrastia Ramon , Manley Geoffrey T. , Korley Frederick K. ,   The TRACK‐TBI Investigators
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAcute intoxication is common in patients evaluated for traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the effect of elevated blood alcohol levels (BALs) on the diagnostic accuracy of FDA‐cleared biomarkers for evaluating traumatic intracranial injury on computed tomography (CT) scan, namely, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin carboxy‐terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH‐L1), has not been well studied.MethodsWe investigated the effect of significantly elevated (>300 mg/dL) and modestly elevated BAL (81–300 mg/dL) at emergency department presentation on the diagnostic accuracy of GFAP and UCH‐L1 for predicting a positive CT in patients presenting to 18 U.S. Level I trauma centers within 24 h of TBI as part of the prospective, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK‐TBI) study. Plasma GFAP and UCH‐L1 were measured using Abbott i‐STAT Alinity and ARCHITECT assays. Discrimination was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsOf 2320 TRACK‐TBI participants studied, 54 (2.3%), 332 (14.3%), 1209 (52.1%), and 725 (31.3%) had significantly elevated BAL, modestly elevated BAL, nonelevated BAL (0‐80 mg/dL), and no BAL available, respectively; 48.3% of the cohort had a positive brain CT. Those with significantly elevated and modestly elevated BAL were more likely to have positive CT (61.1% and 60.5% vs. 46.9% and 44.0%) and had higher plasma GFAP and UCH‐L1 levels than those with nonelevated BAL and no BAL available. The AUC of GFAP and UCH‐L1 combined for predicting CT positivity was higher in those with significantly elevated BAL (0.949) than those with modestly elevated BAL (0.858), nonelevated BAL (0.849), and no BAL available (0.883).ConclusionsModestly and significantly elevated BAL does not lower the diagnostic accuracy of GFAP and UCH‐L1 for predicting traumatic intracranial injury on CT. These biomarkers may be useful in decreasing avoidable brain CT imaging in persons with acute alcohol intoxication.
Political conflicts and food import refusals
Authors: He Xi , Wang Jingxi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe examine the impact of political conflicts on China's food import refusals using monthly data from 2010 to 2022. Our analysis reveals that political conflicts significantly contribute to increased food import rejections. Specifically, a one‐standard‐deviation rise in political tensions results in a .02% increase in the number of import shipment rejections. Heterogeneous analysis shows that this effect is more pronounced for developed countries than for developing ones and is stronger for differentiated products compared to homogeneous ones. Dynamic analysis indicates that the impact lasts for approximately 6 months. We also find that past rejections, the presence of non‐tariff measures (NTMs), the duration of a country's WTO membership, and past export values, also significantly influence China's decisions to reject food imports. These findings highlight the importance of considering the risks of shipment rejections linked to political conflicts.
Immune Treatment Strategies in Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Cai Rui , Yang Qiaoran , Liao Yingjun , Qin Lang , Han Jinbiao , Gao Rui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRecurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is characterized by the occurrence of two or more consecutive pregnancy losses. Approximately half of these cases lack a clear etiology and are termed unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL). Maternal–fetal immune dysfunction is thought to be involved in causing URPL. Increased human leukocyte antigen compatibility, susceptibility genes, lack of blocking antibodies, and dysfunction of immune cells can all disrupt the immune tolerance environment of the maternal–fetal interface. To correct the maternal–fetal immune imbalances, some immunotherapies were recently tried to be used for patients with URPL. This review summarizes the characteristics and mechanisms of the immune microenvironment at the maternal–fetal interface of URPL patients, and the present immunotherapies for URPL patients, to serve as a reference for future research.
Obesity and cesarean section rate among low‐risk primiparous women in Victoria, Australia: A population‐based study
Authors: Mekonnen Alemayehu , Teale Glyn , Vasilevski Vidanka , Sweet Linda 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionWomen living with overweight, or obesity are at risk of pregnancy and birth complications. This study investigated the trend and associations between overweight and obesity on cesarean births and their contribution to cesarean births among low‐risk primiparous women in Australia.Material and MethodsBody mass index data were obtained for 219, 950 primipara (aged 20─34 years) with singleton, term pregnancies without malpresentations from the Victorian Perinatal Data Collection registry (2010─2019). Women were grouped according to body mass index and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the trend and associations of overweight and obesity with cesarean births. The contribution of overweight and obesity to cesarean births were estimated using population attributable fraction.ResultsThe prevalence of cesarean birth was 29.7%, and the prevalence increased by 20%, from 27.6% in 2010 to 33.2% in 2019. Being overweight or obese was independently associated with an increased likelihood of cesarean births in the overall sample (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.46; 95% CI 1.42–1.50 and AOR 2.05, 95% CI 1.98–2.11, respectively). However, overweight was not an independent risk factor when the analysis was limited to elective cesarean births. Induction of labor was significantly higher among women who were overweight (AOR 1.38; 95% CI 1.35–2.42), or obese (AOR 2.18 95% CI 2.12–2.25). The combined overweight and obesity contributed to 14.8% of cesarean births but the increasing trend of cesarean births was not explained solely by changes in overweight or obesity rates.ConclusionsObesity and overweight, combined, are responsible for a significant proportion of cesarean births. However, overweight and obesity alone do not provide enough insight into the increasing trend of cesarean birth. While further investigation of potential contributors is needed, initiatives to reduce cesarean births in Australia may benefit better by including measures, such as health education to prevent overweight and obesity prior to conception.
Air Pollution Associated With Mortality Among Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Treated With Nucleotide/Nucleoside Analogues
Authors: Jang Tyng‐Yuan , Zeng Yu‐Ting , Liang Po‐Cheng , Wu Chih‐Da , Wei Yu‐Ju , Tsai Pei‐Chien , Hsieh Ming‐Yen , Lin Yi‐Hung , Hsieh Meng‐Hsuan , Wang Chih‐Wen , Yang Jeng‐Fu , Yeh Ming‐Lun , Huang Chung‐Feng , Chuang Wan‐Long , Huang Jee‐Fu , Cheng Ya‐Yun , Dai Chia‐Yen , Chen Pau‐Chung , Yu Ming‐Lung 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsAir pollution is associated with advanced liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases, including chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to investigate the association between air pollution and mortality in patients with CHB treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogues.MethodsWe enrolled 697 patients with CHB treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogues and analysed the incidence and risk factors for mortality. Daily air pollutant concentrations were estimated from the year before enrolment.ResultsAll‐cause mortality showed an annual incidence of 1.1/100 person‐years after a follow‐up period of 3798.1 person‐years. Factors with the strongest association with all‐cause mortality were liver cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR]/95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.95/1.69–9.23; p = 0.02), age ([HR]/CI: 1.07/1.03–1.17, p < 0.001) and pre‐treatment gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels (HR/CI: 1.004/1.001–1.006, p = 0.004). Among patients with cirrhosis, the factors associated with all‐cause mortality were age (HR/CI: 1.08/1.04–1.12, p < 0.001), pre‐treatment GGT levels (HR/CI: 1.004/1.001–1.008, p = 0.01), platelet count (HR/CI: 0.988/0.977–0.998, p = 0.02) and NOx concentration (per unit increment, ppb) (1.045/1.001–1.091; p = 0.046). The best NOx cut‐off value for predicting all‐cause mortality in patients with cirrhosis was 25.5 ppb (AUROC 0.63; p = 0.03). NOx levels > 25.5 ppb were associated with a higher incidence of mortality in patients with cirrhosis (HR/CI:2.49/1.03–6.02; p = 0.04).ConclusionsAir pollution influences all‐cause mortality in patients with CHB receiving nucleotide/nucleoside analogue therapy. Long‐term NOx exposure may increase liver‐related mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis receiving nucleotide/nucleoside analogue treatment.
Investigating peer influence on collaborative group members' motivation through the lens of socially shared regulation of learning
Authors: Järvenoja Hanna , Törmänen Tiina , Lehtoaho Emma , Turunen Marjo , Suoraniemi Jasmiina , Edwards Justin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundSocial context and peers significantly impact students' motivation, especially in collaborative learning settings. However, there is limited evidence on how students strategically influence each other's motivation through socially shared regulation of learning (SSRL).AimsThis study examined secondary school students' SSRL during collaborative learning, focusing on how groups regulate motivation and how these regulation processes influence individual situational motivation through peer interactions.SampleThe participants were 95 secondary school students (13–16 years) performing a collaborative science task in 31 groups.MethodsCollaborative learning was videotaped to capture motivation regulation from social interactions. Four times during the task, individual perceptions of peer influence on motivation and motivation regulation were collected with situational self‐reports, and individual stimulated‐recall interviews were conducted after the task.ResultsThe results showed that motivation regulation is embedded within broader SSRL processes. When motivation regulation coincided more likely with cognitive regulation, students perceived significantly higher peer influence on motivation. In interviews, students highlighted cognitive and social aspects of SSRL as crucial for their situational motivation but did not hardly recognize any direct motivation regulation strategies.ConclusionsThis study contributes to the methodological advancements for studying motivation as situation‐ and context‐specific, emphasizing the use of different data channels to capture the dynamic interplay between the individual‐ and group‐level aspects throughout the learning process. For educational practice, this study supports the claim that peer interactions, particularly in collaborative learning, play a crucial role in individual students' motivation.