bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tag retention in and effects of passive integrated transponder tagging on survival and swimming performance of a small‐bodied darter
Authors: Swarr Tyler R. , Myrick Christopher A. , Fitzpatrick Ryan M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFisheries biologists have been hesitant to use passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in small‐bodied fishes (40–200 mm TL) such as darters (Percidae: Etheostomatinae) because of the fishes' size and potential effect on swimming performance. The authors used constant acceleration trials to evaluate the swimming performance of Arkansas darters Etheostoma cragini in control (no incision or tag), sham (incision and suture) or PIT tagged (surgically implanted 8 × 1.4 mm intra‐peritoneal PIT tag) treatments. Tag retention and fish survival were monitored for up to 199 days post‐tagging. Maximum swimming velocity did not differ between control, sham and PIT tag treatments, nor was maximum swimming velocity affected by the tagging procedure. Tag retention was 100%, and the overall survival of tagged fish was 88% in the swimming study, and 100% in the long‐term study, suggesting that small PIT tags are suitable for use in darters. The authors include a brief meta‐analysis on the results reported by 20 studies that PIT tagged small‐bodied fishes, representing 38 species and nine families of freshwater fish.
A pilot‐scale rotary infrared dryer of shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis): Mathematical modeling and effect on physicochemical attributes
Authors: Al‐Hilphy Asaad R. , Al‐Mtury Atheer Abdul Amir , Al‐Iessa Sajedah A. , Gavahian Mohsen , Al‐Shatty Sabah Malik , Jassim Muhammad Ali , Mohusen Zainab Abdul Ameer , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA new rotary infrared dryer (R.I.D.) was manufactured to dry shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) at 60, 70, and 80°C. Also, mathematical modeling along with artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for data prediction. The results showed that the exponential proposed model and ANN could be applied to well‐predict the moisture ratio of shrimp. Besides, running R.I.D. at 80°C resulted in the highest reduction in moisture content and saved about 42% of drying time. The thermal efficiency of the R.I.D. at a temperature of 70°C ranged between 83 and 89%, which was about 15% higher than the conventional dryer. The drying rate by both R.I.D. and conventional methods consist of a falling rate period, ranging between 1.68 × 10−4 and 0.47 × 10−4 1/s. Furthermore, the mass transfer coefficient increased by about 104.6% when drying temperature increased from 60 to 80°C. The browning index increased with the increase of drying temperature. Specific energy consumption, browning index, and drying time of rotary infrared system were lower than those of conventional system by 46.9, 33.3, and 34.7%, respectively. R.I.D. reduced energy consumption, decreased the color changes, improved the rehydration ratio, and affected the chemical composition of dried shrimp as compared with the conventional process.Practical ApplicationsA new rotary infrared dryer was designed and developed and its performance was evaluated with the assistance of artificial neural networks. This system was shown to be energy‐ and time‐saving and capable of producing high‐quality dry shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis). Also, the system is simple and affordable due to reducing energy consumption and relatively low cost of components. Therefore, it has the potential to be used in the industry after further economic and technical evaluation.
Microcephaly gene Cenpj regulates axonal growth in cortical neurons through microtubule destabilization
Authors: Meneses Iack Pamela , Rayêe Danielle , Lent Roberto , Ribeiro‐Resende Victor Túlio , Garcez Patrícia P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNeocortex development comprises of a complex series of time‐ and space‐specific processes to generate the typical interconnected six‐layered architecture of adult mammals. Axon growth is required for the proper establishment of cortical circuits. Malformations in axonal growth and pathfinding might lead to severe neuropathologies, such as corpus callosum dysgenesis. Cenpj, a microcephaly gene, encodes a scaffold protein that regulates centrosome biogenesis and microtubule stabilization. During corticogenesis, Cenpj regulates progenitor division and neuronal migration. Since microtubule stabilization is crucial for axon extension, we investigated the role of Cenpj in axon growth during cortical development in a mouse model. Through loss‐ and gain‐of‐function assays ex vivo and in utero, we quantified callosal axonal length, branching, and growth cone size compared to controls. We observed that silencing Cenpj results in an increased axonal length. Ex vivo, we assessed the number of branches, the area of growth cones and the stability of microtubules. In silenced Cenpj axons, there were more branches, larger growth cone area, and more stable microtubules. Rescue experiments confirmed that neurons present axonal length comparable to controls. Here we propose that Cenpj regulates axon growth by destabilizing microtubules during cortical development. Finally, our findings suggest that Cenpj might be a novel target for axonal regeneration.

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Incomplete Institutional Change and the Persistence of Racial Inequality: The Contestation of Institutional Misalignment in South Africa*
Authors: Adams Ansellia , Luiz John M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study explores the role that organizations and institutions play in reproducing inequality even after significant political transitions intended to undermine the sources of such inequality. Our analysis reveals how incomplete institutional transitions may give rise to contradictory institutional logics and how this can contribute to high levels of contestation as actors and organizations vie to maintain, disrupt, and create new institutions. We analyse the dynamics of a conflict set within a broader institutional contestation in post‐apartheid South Africa by examining the farmworkers strike and unrest of 2012. We expose a complex interlocking system of exploitation and oppression at micro, meso, and macro institutional levels and highlight misalignments between de facto and de jure institutional environments. Our study shows how actors and organizations can exhibit and constrain agency legitimating the unequal access to resources and opportunities and why this can result in the persistence of inequality.
Are dental‐related psychological variables important for dental attendance in China? A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Wu Lei , Buchanan Heather , Topcu Gogem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveDental services are expanding in China, yet there is little evidence available on the dental‐related psychological factors contributing to the uptake of dental services. Our study explored whether beliefs, anxiety, and cognitions significantly differ across different levels of attendance, and whether dental‐related psychological variables can independently predict dental attendance in Chinese adults. We also explored the extent to which cognitions and beliefs relate to attendance as a function of dental anxiety.MethodIn our cross‐sectional study 480 adult participants in China completed a questionnaire including dental attendance and measures of dental‐related psychological variables (dental cognitions, beliefs, anxiety, and fear of dental pain).ResultsOnly 25.8% of participants visited the dentist regularly. There was a significant difference for all dental‐related psychological variables (p < 0.001), across all three levels of dental attendance (never; irregularly or regularly attend). Thus, fear of dental pain and dental anxiety are higher, and cognitions and beliefs are more negative, for those who have less favorable dental service utilization. All these variables, except fear of dental pain, were also independent predictors of dental attendance (p < 0.05). Moreover, how individuals think, and what they believe, about the dentist (and the dental context) were only partially explained through dental anxiety. Thus, beliefs (β = 0.579, SE = 0.035, p < 0.001) and cognitions (β = 0.594, SE = 0.045, p < 0.001) are impacting on dental attendance, mostly independent of whether the individual is anxious.ConclusionOur preliminary findings show dental‐related psychological factors are related to dental attendance and these should be explored further in a larger sample.
Glycogen storage disease in a young cat with heart failure
Authors: Tanaka Shigeki , Suzuki Ryohei , Koyama Hidekazu , Machida Noboru , Yabuki Akira , Yamato Osamu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAn 8‐month‐old domestic short‐haired female cat presented with acute tachypnea, poor growth, hypothermia, and lethargy. Thoracic radiography showed cardiomegaly with mild pleural effusion, and transthoracic echocardiography identified dilatation of both atria and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Although clinical signs improved temporarily with treatment, the cat died of pulmonary edema 135 days after the first visit. At necropsy, the heart was grossly enlarged. Microscopic examination of the heart identified severe vacuolization of cardiac muscle cells in histologic sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Examination of periodic acid‐Schiff stained preparations of formalin‐fixed heart tissue disclosed coarse granules within vacuoles that disappeared on predigestion with diastase, indicating that they were glycogen. On the basis of these findings, a necropsy diagnosis of glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe disease) was made. This report is the first case of a young cat with clinical signs closely resembling infantile Pompe disease of humans.
Who's on your team? Specialty identity and inter‐physician conflict during admissions
Authors: Schrepel Caitlin , Amick Ashley E. , Bann Maralyssa , Watsjold Bjorn , Jauregui Joshua , Ilgen Jonathan S. , Sebok‐Syer Stefanie S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeDespite the implementation of professionalism curricula and standardised communication tools, inter‐physician conflict persists. In particular, the interface between emergency medicine (EM) and internal medicine (IM) has long been recognised as a source of conflict. The social nuances of this conflict remain underexplored, limiting educators' ability to comprehensively address these issues in the clinical learning environment. Thus, the authors explored EM and IM physicians' experiences with negotiating hospital admissions to better understand the social dynamics that contribute to inter‐physician conflict and provide foundational guidance for communication best practices.MethodsUsing a constructivist grounded theory (CGT) approach, the authors conducted 18 semi‐structured interviews between June and October 2020 with EM and IM physicians involved in conversations regarding admissions (CRAs). They asked participants to describe the social exchanges that influenced these conversations and to reflect on their experiences with inter‐physician conflict. Data collection and analysis occurred iteratively. The relationships between the codes were discussed by the research team with the goal of developing conceptual connections between the emergent themes.ResultsParticipants described how their approaches to CRAs were shaped by their specialty identity, and how allegiance to members of their group contributed to interpersonal conflict. This conflict was further promoted by a mutual sense of disempowerment within the organisation, misaligned expectations, and a desire to promote their group's prerogatives. Conflict was mitigated when patient care experiences fostered cross‐specialty team formation and collaboration that dissolved traditional group boundaries.ConclusionsConflict between EM and IM physicians during CRAs was primed by participants' specialty identities, their power struggles within the broader organisation, and their sense of duty to their own specialty. However, formation of collaborative inter‐specialty physician teams and expansion of identity to include colleagues from other specialties can mitigate inter‐physician conflict.
Direct relations between sense of coherence and oral health‐related quality of life in adolescents
Authors: Tondolo Junior Jocelito , Ortiz Fernanda Ruffo , Ramadan Yassmín Hêllwaht , Maroneze Marília Cunha , Agostini Bernardo Antonio , Ardenghi Thiago Machado 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo verify the relations between sense of coherence (SOC) and dental caries on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) of adolescents.Subject and MethodsA cross‐sectional sample of 768 adolescents nested in a cohort study was evaluated. SOC was measured using Antonovsky's scale. Dental caries was collected considering the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT). OHRQoL was collected through the Child Perception Questionnaire. Demographic, socioeconomic, and use of service variables were also collected. The mediation effects between variables were tested by structural equation modeling.ResultsThe average age of the individuals was 17.5 years. Individuals with high SOC scores had a positive impact on OHRQoL (β‐coefficient = −0.573, p < 0.00). Individuals with high DMFT (β‐coefficient = 0.080, p = 0.034) and dental pain (β‐coefficient = 0.079, p = 0.039) negatively impacted OHRQoL. Still, adolescents who had dental pain (β‐coefficient = 0.112, p = 0.005), mothers with lower education levels (β‐coefficient = −0.114, p = 0.004), lower household income (β‐coefficient = −0.131, p = 0.003), and those who visited the dentist (β‐coefficient = 0.109, p = 0.005) exhibited a higher DMFT index.ConclusionsSOC and dental caries had a direct effect on OHRQoL, indicating that oral conditions and psychosocial characteristics are important contributors to OHRQoL.
Crude oil production and macroeconomic performance in Ghana
Authors: Tunyo Delali Aku , Armah Mark , Cantah William Godfred , Suleman Shafic 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the impact of crude oil production on macroeconomic performance in Ghana. The study employed monthly data from January 2011 to December 2018. The structural vector autoregressive model was employed to analyse the impact of crude oil production on macroeconomic performance. The findings of the structural impulse response function revealed that crude oil production had no impact on the agricultural sector, services sector, exchange rate and inflation. However, crude oil production had a negative and positive impact on the manufacturing sector and fiscal balance, respectively. The findings imply that the government through Ghana National Petroleum Corporation (GNPC) and other major oil stakeholders should establish oil refineries, petroleum industries and fertiliser plants domestically to provide a forward linkage for the non‐oil sectors. Also, the government through the Ministry of Trade and Industry should develop the services sectors to meet international standards to provide a backward linkage to the oil sector and ensure the integration of the sectors into the oil industry. The government needs to intensify measures to make the manufacturing sector recover from the adverse effect of the production of crude oil.
Conciliatory strategies in philosophy
Authors: Barceló Aspeitia Axel Arturo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn philosophy, as in any other theoretical endeavor, it is not rare to find conflicting but equally well grounded positions. Besides defending one of the positions and criticizing the other, philosophers can opt for pursuing other, more sophisticated, approaches aimed at incorporating the insights, intuitions, and arguments from both sides of the debate into a unified theory: Dialetheism, Analetheism, Gradualism, Pluralism and Relativism. The purpose of this article is to present each strategy's basic argumentative structure, relative strengths, and challenges, trying to determine in which situations one is more appropriate than the others. Despite substantial differences between them, all four options have deep structural similarities; and which option is better for which dilemma or paradox will depend ultimately on a combination of epistemological, linguistic, and metaphysical factors.
Clinical associations of serum Golgi apparatus antibodies in an immunology laboratory cohort
Authors: Lee Adrian Y. S. , Culican Suzanne , Campbell David , Lin Ming‐Wei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionAnti‐Golgi antibodies (AGAs) are rare antibodies that are found as distinct, polarised cytoplasmic staining on the HEp‐2 substrate.MethodsWe performed a review of patients that demonstrated this autoantibody in a large laboratory cohort in Australia. Over a 24‐month period, all patients that had a sample submitted for routine antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) that had AGA staining were retrospectively identified. Medical records were perused to identify clinical associations.ResultsThere were 23 813 ANAs identified with 34 patients (0.14%) demonstrating AGA staining. AGAs were found in a variety of inflammatory disorders, malignancies and liver diseases. They did not associate with any other significant ANA, and in contrast with previous studies, we did not find any association with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases.ConclusionsAnti‐Golgi antibodies are rare, non‐specific and possibly a bystander phenomenon. Future studies are required to study the origin and longitudinal clinical associations of these autoantibodies.
Assessment of the heterogeneous microstructure in the vicinity of a weld using thermographic measurements of the full‐field dissipative heat source
Authors: Jaya Seelan Palaniappan , Pierron Fabrice , Dulieu‐Barton Janice M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDuring a material deformation process, part of the mechanical energy is dissipated as heat due to thermodynamically irreversible processes occurring at the microscale of the material. In particular, part of the plastic deformation energy is transformed into heat and is referred to as ‘intrinsic dissipation’ as it is intrinsic to the material behaviour. The intrinsic dissipation is a heat source that is sensitive to microstructural states which can be used to identify different microstructural regions resulting from material processing such as welding. To determine the heat source in a full‐field manner, it is necessary to use an infrared camera to measure any temperature rise in a specimen undergoing elastic cyclic loading. Unlike the intrinsic dissipative heat source, the temperature change is sensitive to thermal exchanges with the surroundings. Hence, the thermomechanical heat diffusion equation is used to determine the full‐field dissipative heat from the thermographic temperature measurement by implementing an image processing procedure based on least squares fitting enabled by specially devised experimental approach. The procedure is verified by deriving both the thermoelastic and dissipative heat sources from a ‘hole‐in‐plate’ specimen manufactured from 316L stainless steel, that is, a specimen with a known stress distribution. The approach is then applied to a 316L laser welded specimen, and it is demonstrated that the different microstructures resulting from the welding process can be identified with the procedure. The heterogeneous microstructure is confirmed using micrographs and further verified by the different stress–strain behaviour obtained for each microstructural region using digital image correlation (DIC).
Amphiphilic Zirconium Phosphate Nanoparticles as Tribo-Catalytic Additives of Multi-Performance Lubricants
Authors: Chen Yan , Wang Xuezhen , Han Zehua , Sinyukov Alexander , Clearfield Abraham , Liang Hong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The advancement of electric vehicles demands lubricants with multifunction and performance. In this research, we investigated amphiphilic ZrP nanoparticles as lubricant additives. Experiments showed that the nanolubricant produced a tribofilm reduced the friction for 40% and wear 90%, while the electrical conductivity remained to be stable during tribotesting. Surface characterization of the tribofilm showed that there was a layered pyrophosphate on the wear track. The in situ impedance study about tribochemical kinetics revealed that the process in formation of a tribofilm involved simultaneous growth and wear. During growth, the coefficient of friction increased with continued formation of such film. During wear, the material removal rate was a function of friction, i.e., the higher the wear-rate, the higher the friction coefficient. The competing mechanisms of film growth and wear resulted in an electrically uniformed surface.
A Fast Thermoelastic Model Based on the Half-Space Theory Applied to Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Line Contacts Involving Free Boundaries
Authors: Yalpanian Ali , Guilbault Raynald 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study allows contact models based on semi-analytical methods including the impacts of thermoelastic deformations in contacts of finite dimension bodies. The proposed method controls heat flows crossing free boundaries. A comparison with finite element analysis (FEA) reveals that the proposed method can reduce the calculation times by more than 98%. The paper introduces the thermoelasticity effects into thermal-elastohydrodynamic lubrication (TEHL) modeling of line contact problems. The analysis reveals that including thermoelastic deformations changes the pressure profile and tends to localize the pressure close to the distribution center. Compared to TEHL simulations, the examined configurations caused an overall increase in the maximum pressure by about 9%, an overall film thickness reduction of about 7%, and an overall temperature increase of about 2 K.
Sequential Submaximal Training in Elite Male Rowers Does Not Result in Amplified Increases in Interleukin-6 or Hepcidin
Authors: Fensham Nikita C. , McKay Alannah K.A. , Tee Nicolin , Lundy Bronwen , Anderson Bryce , Morabito Aimee , Ross Megan L.R. , Burke Louise M. 
Published: December 2021

Previous research investigating single bouts of exercise have identified baseline iron status and circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) as contributors to the magnitude of postexercise hepcidin increase. The current study examined the effects of repeated training bouts in close succession on IL-6 and hepcidin responses. In a randomized, crossover design, 16 elite male rowers completed two trials, a week apart, with either high (1,000 mg) or low (<50 mg) calcium pre-exercise meals. Each trial involved two, submaximal 90-min rowing ergometer sessions, 2.5 hr apart, with venous blood sampled at baseline; pre-exercise; and 0, 1, 2, and 3 hr after each session. Peak elevations in IL-6 (approximately 7.5-fold, p < .0001) and hepcidin (approximately threefold, p < .0001) concentrations relative to baseline were seen at 2 and 3 hr after the first session, respectively. Following the second session, concentrations of both IL-6 and hepcidin remained elevated above baseline, exhibiting a plateau rather than an additive increase (2 hr post first session vs. 2 hr post second session, p = 1.00). Pre-exercise calcium resulted in a slightly greater elevation in hepcidin across all time points compared with control (p = .0005); however, no effect on IL-6 was evident (p = .27). Performing multiple submaximal training sessions in close succession with adequate nutritional support does not result in an amplified increase in IL-6 or hepcidin concentrations following the second session in male elite rowers. Although effects of calcium intake require further investigation, athletes should continue to prioritize iron consumption around morning exercise prior to exercise-induced hepcidin elevations to maximize absorption.