bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resonance Stirling Engine producing heat and power (CHP)
Authors: Schmid R. , Budliger J.P. 
Published: October 2021

The free-piston Resonance Stirling engine forms a new “electricity producing heating system”. Its compact assembly operates reliably and at high efficiency, setting new standards for small heating systems. Complete units are currently submitted to a prolonged test program, preparing their production at an industrial scale.
The engines are heated from outside by a FLOX-burner (flameless flue gas recirculation burner), exposing the working gas to high temperatures. Even at low excess air rates the flue gases are virtually free of pollutants.
The free pistons of this resonance concept oscillate in a perfectly stable mode, entailing an important cyclic pressure swing to the working gas. The electric efficiency exceeds 25% and total efficiency (electricity + useful heat) lies above 90%. The heating power of the fuel is used with high benefit, promising a widespread application to this new technology.
Zurück zum Sport nach einer Handverletzung
Authors: Seyhan Harun , Blömker Frank , Paries Cornelia , Zander Andrea 
Published: October 2021

Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser!Die Finger sind besonders bei Ballsportarten vielen Mikro- und Makrotraumen
ausgesetzt. In Deutschland treten jedes Jahr ca. 1,5 Millionen
Sportunfälle auf, 53% davon ereignen sich im Vereinssport,
47% beim Freizeitsport. Dabei wird immer die Frage gestellt, wann die
gewohnte Sportart nach einer Verletzung oder Operation an der Hand wieder
ausgeübt werden kann. Der Druck auf Sportler*innen ist immens
hoch, nach einer Verletzung über eine kurze Auszeit und schnelle
Rekonvaleszenz wieder Topleistungen bringen zu können.
Enterocutaneous Fistula and Pneumoretroperitoneum due to Ruptured Psoas Abscess
Authors: Patel Tapan , Patel Shivani 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPsoas abscess is a rare condition that can present with vague clinical features. Its insidious onset can lead to a delay in diagnosis, resulting in high rates of complications and mortality. Here we describe a unique case of a patient presenting with enterocutaneous fistula and pneumoretroperitoneum due to ruptured psoas abscess.
People mistake the internet’s knowledge for their own
Authors: Ward Adrian F. 
Published: October 2021

SignificanceIn the current digital age, people are constantly connected to online information. The present research provides evidence that on-demand access to external information, enabled by the internet and search engines like Google, blurs the boundaries between internal and external knowledge, causing people to believe they could—or did—remember what they actually just found. Using Google to answer general knowledge questions artificially inflates peoples’ confidence in their own ability to remember and process information and leads to erroneously optimistic predictions regarding how much they will know without the internet. When information is at our fingertips, we may mistakenly believe that it originated from inside our heads.
Are There Magnetars in High-mass X-Ray Binaries?*
Authors: Xu Kun , Li Xiang-Dong , Cui Zhe , Li Qiao-Chu , Shao Yong , Liang Xilong , Liu Jifeng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Magnetars form a special population of neutron stars with strong magnetic fields and long spin periods. About 30 magnetars and magnetar candidates known currently are probably isolated, but the possibility that magnetars are in binaries has not been excluded. In this work, we perform spin evolution of neutron stars with different magnetic fields in wind-fed high-mass X-ray binaries and compare the spin period distribution with observations, aiming to find magnetars in binaries. Our simulation shows that some of the neutron stars, which have long spin periods or are in widely-separated systems, need strong magnetic fields to explain their spin evolution. This implies that there are probably magnetars in high-mass X-ray binaries. Moreover, this can further provide a theoretical basis for some unclear astronomical phenomena, such as the possible origin of periodic fast radio bursts from magnetars in binary systems.
Switching dynamics in

-symmetric structures with saturable cubic nonlinear response
Authors: Chaudhary Priyanka , Mishra Akhilesh Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the field of

-symmetry has witnessed a surge of research interest due to its ability to exploit even the losses of the system.

-symmetry and its implications have been explored widely in the realm of photonics. In this work, we present a numerical investigation on the role of

-symmetry in switching characteristics of a fibre Bragg grating (FBG) with cubic saturable nonlinear response. We have explored such FBGs in both

-symmetric and broken

-symmetric regimes. In addition, we have also studied the effect of

-symmetry in switching characteristics of soliton pulse in directional coupler with saturable cubic nonlinear response and noticed that only unbroken regime provides switching in directional coupler.
Incommensurability-induced sub-ballistic narrow-band-states in twisted bilayer graphene
Authors: Gonçalves Miguel , Olyaei Hadi Z , Amorim Bruno , Mondaini Rubem , Ribeiro Pedro , Castro Eduardo V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We study the localization properties of electrons in incommensurate twisted bilayer graphene for small angles, encompassing the narrow-band regime, by numerically exact means. Sub-ballistic states are found within the narrow-band region around the magic angle. Such states are delocalized in momentum-space and follow non-Poissonian level statistics, in contrast with their ballistic counterparts found for close commensurate angles. Transport results corroborate this picture: for large enough systems, the conductance of samples with fixed width decreases with the system size in the longitudinal direction for incommensurate angles within the sub-ballistic regime. Our results show that incommensurability/quasiperiodicity effects are of crucial importance in the narrow-band regime. The incommensurate nature of a general twist angle must therefore be taken into account for an accurate description of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene.
Systematic assessment of the biocompatibility of materials for inkjet-printed ozone sensors for medical therapy
Authors: Petani Lisa , Wehrheim Valerie , Koker Liane , Reischl Markus , Ungerer Martin , Gengenbach Ulrich , Pylatiuk Christian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The biocompatibility of medical sensors is of great importance. In order to prevent harm of the patient during measurement, this aspect must be considered throughout the entire design process. Biocompatibility can be achieved by various methods. For example, the sensor can be encapsulated, only biocompatible materials can be used for the sensor, or anti-inflammatory agents can be applied to the surface of the sensor. In this paper the focus is on sensors fully fabricated from biocompatible materials. Two exemplary inkjet-printed amperometric and impedimetric sensors are systematically assessed regarding their biocompatibility. Both sensors can be used for the measurement of dissolved ozone during oxygen-ozone injection therapy. For the sensors each material is evaluated with respect to the international standard ISO 10993. Overall, many amperometric and impedimetric sensors are fabricated from a small set of materials. The assessment reveals that for this specific application an amperometric sensor consisting of gold and silver nanoparticle inks, inkjet-printed on a polydimethylsiloxane membrane, and passivated with SU-8 ink offers the highest biocompatibility and reaches a good compliance with other important requirements. In addition, biological characterization tests are required for the specific medical application to validate the biocompatibility. From this study, it can be concluded that the findings on biocompatibility can also be transferred to other sensors that are made of the same set of materials but are for other applications. This applies to oxygen, glucose, pH, hydrogen peroxide, sweat lactate, and acetone sensors.
How Do We Jump-Start Self-measured Blood Pressure Monitoring in the United States? Addressing Barriers Beyond the Published Literature
Authors: Wall Hilary K , Wright Janet S , Jackson Sandra L , Daussat Lura , Ramkissoon Nar , Schieb Linda J , Stolp Haley , Tong Xin , Loustalot Fleetwood 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Hypertension is highly prevalent in the United States, and many persons with hypertension do not have controlled blood pressure. Self-measured blood pressure monitoring (SMBP), when combined with clinical support, is an evidence-based strategy for lowering blood pressure and improving control in persons with hypertension. For years, there has been support for widespread implementation of SMBP by national organizations and the federal government, and SMBP was highlighted as a primary intervention in the 2020 Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Control Hypertension, yet optimal SMBP use remains low. There are well-known patient and clinician barriers to optimal SMBP documented in the literature. We explore additional high-level barriers that have been encountered, as broad policy and systems-level changes have been attempted, and offer potential solutions. Collective efforts could modernize data transfer and processing, improve broadband access, expand device coverage and increase affordability, integrate SMBP into routine care and reimbursement practices, and strengthen patient engagement, trust, and access.
Conserving threatened species during rapid environmental change: using biological responses to inform management strategies of giant clams
Authors: Watson Sue-Ann , Neo Mei Lin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGiant clams are threatened by overexploitation for human consumption, their valuable shells and the aquarium trade. Consequently, these iconic coral reef megafauna are extinct in some former areas of their range and are included in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species and Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Now, giant clams are also threatened by rapid environmental change from both a suite of local and regional scale stressors and global change, including climate change, global warming, marine heatwaves and ocean acidification. The interplay between local- to regional-scale and global-scale drivers is likely to cause an array of lethal and sub-lethal effects on giant clams, potentially limiting their depth distribution on coral reefs and decreasing suitable habitat area within natural ranges of species. Global change stressors, pervasive both in unprotected and protected areas, threaten to diminish conservation efforts to date. International efforts urgently need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions to avoid lethal and sub-lethal effects of global change on giant clams. Meanwhile, knowledge of giant clam physiological and ecological responses to local–regional and global stressors could play a critical role in conservation strategies of these threatened species through rapid environmental change. Further work on how biological responses translate into habitat requirements as global change progresses, selective breeding for resilience, the capacity for rapid adaptive responses of the giant clam holobiont and valuing tourism potential, including recognizing giant clams as a flagship species for coral reefs, may help improve the prospects of these charismatic megafauna over the coming decades.
Willingness to participate in cardiac telerehabilitation: results from semi-structured interviews
Authors: Falter Maarten , Scherrenberg Martijn , Kindermans Hanne , Kizilkilic Sevda , Kaihara Toshiki , Dendale Paul 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aims
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is indicated in patients with cardiovascular disease but participation rates remain low. Telerehabilitation (TR) is often proposed as a solution. While many trials have investigated TR, few have studied participation rates in conventional CR non-participants. The aim of this study was to identify the percentage of patients that would be willing to participate in a TR programme to identify the main perceived barriers and facilitators for participating in TR.

Methods and results
Two groups of patients were recruited: CR non-participants and CR participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Thirty non-participants and 30 participants were interviewed. Of CR non-participants, 33% would participate in TR and 10% would participate in a blended CR programme (combination of centre-based CR and TR). Of CR participants, 60% would participate in TR and 70% would be interested in a blended CR programme. Of those that would participate in TR, 44% would prefer centre-based CR, 33% would prefer a blended CR programme, and 11% would prefer a full TR programme. In both groups, the main facilitating aspect about TR was not needing transport and the main barrier was digital literacy.

Conclusion
For CR non-participants, TR will only partly solve the problem of low participation rates and blended programmes might not offer a solution. Cardiac rehabilitation participants are more prepared to participate in TR and blended CR. Digital literacy was in both groups mentioned as an important barrier, emphasizing the challenges for healthcare and local governments to keep educating all types of patients in digital literacy.
Oral anticoagulation therapy with rivaroxaban in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Results from EMIR study
Authors: Esteve Pastor M , Marin F , Anguita M , Sanmartin M , Rafols C , Roldan V , Perez C , Barrios V , Lekuona Goya I , Perez Cabeza A , Cosin Sales J ,   EMIR study investigators
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) in elderly patients increases both bleeding and thromboembolic risks. Elderly patients benefit as much from anticoagulation therapy with positive net clinical benefit. However, there have been few studies that focused on the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants in elderly patients.
The aim of this subanalysis from EMIR study was to assess the effectiveness of rivaroxaban in patients older than 75 years old.

Methods
EMIR Study (acronym from 'Estudio observacional para la identificaciόn de los factores de riesgo asociados a eventos cardiovasculares Mayores en pacientes con fIbrilaciόn auricular no valvular tratados con un anticoagulante oral directo (Rivaroxaban)') was an observational, multicenter, post-authorization and prospective study that involved AF patients under oral anticoagulation with rivaroxaban at least 6 months before enrolment. We analyzed baseline clinical characteristics and adverse events after 2.5 years of follow up.

Results
We analyzed 1,433 patients with median age of 74.7 (67.7–81.6). Of them 691 (48.2%) were ≥75 years. Elderly patients had higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such previous stroke (16.8% vs 8.5%; p&lt;0.001), heart failure (25.0% vs 20.6%; p&lt;0.001), higher CHA2DS2-VASc (4.4±1.3 vs 2.7±1.2; p&lt;0.001) and HAS-BLED (1.9±1.0 vs 1.2±1.0; p&lt;0.001) scores. After 2.5 (2.2–2.6) years of follow-up, we observed low rate of adverse events in patients under rivaroxaban therapy. We observed higher rate of adverse events in elderly population for thromboembolic events (1.13%/year vs 0.36%/year; p=0.017) and major bleeding events (1.80%/year vs 0.36%/year; p&lt;0.001) but those adverse rates were lower than expected according to previous studies (i.e. ROCKET-AF trial, rivaroxaban group had 4.86%/year of major bleeding or in XANTUS study was 3.2%/year of major bleeding in patients &gt;75 years). We did not observe differences between groups from MACE (1.13%/year vs 1.01%/year; p=0.875) or cardiovascular death (0.86%/year vs 0.42%/year; p=0.170).

Conclusion
In real-world elderly population, rivaroxaban showed higher rates of thromboembolic and major bleeding events in elderly patients but with annual rates lower than expected according to previous studies like ROCKET-AF or XANTUS. Similar annual rates in elderly were observed for MACE and cardiovascular mortality than in younger patients, being rivaroxaban a good therapeutic alternative even for the elderly.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Bayer Hispania S.L.
Evolocumab, a PCSK9 inhibitor, co-incubated with doxorubicin and trastuzumab reduces death of cardiomyocytes through reduction of MyD88-NLRP3-NF-kB-mTORC1
Authors: Quagliariello V , Bonelli A , Paccone A , Buccolo S , Iovine M , Conforti G , Botti G , Maurea N 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a novel treatment for hypercholesterolaemia; recent studies evidenced that PCSK9i reduces cardiovascular diseases and risk of atherosclerosis. Evolocumab, a PCSK9i, reduced the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases when added to maximally tolerated statin therapy (± ezetimibe), and recent data from the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial indicate that alirocumab added to maximally tolerated statin therapy (± other lipid-lowering drugs) reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome.

Purpose
Considering the expression of PCSK9 in heart tissues and cardiomyocytes, we aimed to study for the first time the putative cellular effects of evolocumab in human cardiomyocytes incubated with doxorubicin, trastuzumab, their sequential treatments

Methods
Human fetal cardiomyocytes (HFC cell line) were exposed to subclinical concentration of doxorubicin, trastuzumab, sequential treatment of both (all 100 nM), alone or in combination with evolocumab (50 nM) for 48h. After the incubation period, we performed the following tests: determination of cell viability, through analysis of mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, study of lipid peroxidation (quantifying cellular Malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal), intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Moreover, pro-inflammatory studied were also performed (activation of NLRP3 inflammasome; expression of TLR4/MyD88; mTORC1 Fox01/3a; transcriptional activation of p65/NF-κB and secretion of cytokines involved in cardiotoxicity (Interleukins 1β, 8, 6).

Results
Evolocumab co-incubated with doxorubicin alone or in sequence with trastuzumab exerts cardioprotective effects, enhancing cell viability of 35–43% compared to untreated cells (p&lt;0,05 for all); Evolocumab reduced significantly the cardiotoxicity through MyD88/NF-KB/cytokines axis and mTORC1 Fox01/3α mediated mechanisms.

Conclusion
PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab exerts direct cellular effects in cardiomyocytes during doxorubicin and trastuzumab exposure with anti-inflammatory effects. These results indicated that evolocumab should be studied in cancer-bearing mice treated with anthracyclines and HER2-blocking agents in order to reduces cardiovascular events.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Ministero della Salute, Ricerca Corrente Project
Automated processing of thermal imaging to detect COVID-19 and microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Brzezinski R Y , Rabin N , Lewis N , Peled R , Tsur A , Kerpel A , Marom E M , Shenhar-Tsarfaty S , Naftali-Shani N , Rahav G , Grossman E M , Zimmer Y , Ovadia-Blechman Z , Leor J , Hoffer O 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with microvascular dysfunction. Non-invasive thermal imaging can hypothetically detect changes in perfusion, inflammation and vascular injury. We sought to develop a new point-of-care, non-contact thermal imaging tool to detect COVID-19 by microvascular dysfunction, based on image processing algorithms and machine learning analysis.

Materials and methods
We captured thermal images of the back of 101 individuals, with (n=62) and without (n=39) COVID-19, using a portable thermal camera that connects directly to smartphones. We developed new image processing algorithms that automatically extract multiple texture and shape features of the thermal images (Figure 1A). We then evaluated the ability of our thermal features to detect COVID-19 and systemic changes of heat distribution associated with microvascular disease. We also assessed correlations between thermal imaging to conventional biomarkers and chest X-ray (CXR).

Results
Our novel image processing algorithms achieved up to 92% sensitivity in detecting COVID-19 with an area under the curve of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.93; p&lt;0.01). Systemic alterations in blood flow associated with vascular disease were observed across the entire back. Thermal imaging scores were inversely correlated with clinical variables associated with COVID-19 disease progression, including blood oxygen saturation, C- reactive protein, and D-dimer. The thermal imaging findings were not correlated with the results of CXR.

Conclusions
We show, for the first time, that a hand-held thermal imaging device can be used to detect COVID-19. Non-invasive thermal imaging could be used to screen for COVID-19 in out-of-hospital settings, especially in low-income regions with limited imaging resources. Moreover, thermal imaging might detect micro-angiopathies and endothelial dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 and could possibly improve risk stratification of infected individuals (Figure 1B).

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): 1. The Israel Innovation Authority2. The Nicholas and Elizabeth Slezak Super Center for Cardiac Research and Biomedical Engineering at Tel Aviv University Figure 1. A. Representative steps of our thermal image processing algorithms. B. A schematic illustration of the research design and potential impact.