bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two distinctive dyslipidemia patterns were associated with dietary factors in urban Korean adults (628.15)
Authors: Song SuJin , Paik Hee Young , Park Minseon , Song YoonJu 
Published: June 2021

Dyslipidemia, a predictor of cardiovascular disease and a component of metabolic syndrome, is prevalent among Korean adults, but little is known on its associations with dietary factors. In this cross‐sectional study, we examined dietary factors associated with dyslipidemia patterns in urban Korean adults. Subjects were recruited from the family medicine division of the general hospital in Seoul between 2010 and 2012. Subjects who had complete three days of 24‐hour dietary recalls and given blood samples three times at hospital visits over nine months and taken no hypolipidemic medications were included in the study. Factor analysis was used in identifying dyslipidemia patterns based on total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), triglyceride (TG), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C). Two distinctive dyslipidemia patterns identified were 1) high TC and LDL‐C and 2) high TG with low HDL‐C. The high TC and LDL‐C pattern scores were positively associated (p < 0.05) with intakes of total fat, energy from fat, and dietary cholesterol but inversely with intakes of dietary fiber, iron, and vegetables. The high TG with low HDL‐C pattern scores were inversely related (p < 0.05) to intakes of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, milk and dairy products. Two dyslipidemia patterns were independently associated with dietary factors in urban Korean adults.Grant Funding Source: Supported by Basic Science Research Program of National Research Foundation of Korea (2010‐0004536)
Fruit and vegetable intake in urban Mexican women (628.22)
Authors: Gaona‐Pineda Elsa , Cuevas‐Nasu Lucia , Rodríguez‐Ramírez Sonia , Gomez‐Acosta Luz , Almeida Sonia , Shamah‐Levy Teresa 
Published: June 2021

Objective: To quantify the consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) of Mexican women from urban areas assessed by three multiple‐pass 24 hour recalls.Methods: A 355 women from 12 to 59y from a probabilistic, multi‐stage and representative sample from urban areas was analyzed. All the data was from the study “Food consumption in urban Mexican population”. The intake of FV was estimated through three 24 hours recalls in non‐consecutive days. Roots, juices, beverages or recipes with fats and sugar or made by cooking methods that modifies the composition of the FV were excluded. The adequacy of the intake of FV was evaluated considering compliance with recommendations of 400g/day defined by World Health Organization. Associations between FV consumption and overweight or socioeconomic status were evaluated. Estimations were weighted according to the survey design.Results: The three days average of FV intake was 90.7g/d (CI95%: 73.9g/d‐107.5g/d). It was higher for fruits than vegetables (64.2g vs. 26.3g). High socioeconomic status women had a higher consumption of FV (125.7g/d; IC 95%: 98.0g/d ‐153.4 g/d) than the lowest ones (37.9g/d; IC 95%: 18.8 g/d‐57.0 g/d). Only 1.5% (CI 95%: 0.6%‐ 4%) of women had an adequate intake of FV for two days and 11.7% (CI 95%: 7.5% ‐ 18%) for one day, none of the urban Mexican women showed an adequate consumption of FV for three days. No significant association between overweight and FV intake was found.Conclusions: A very low consumption of FV was determined in Mexican women from urban areas by a highly precise dietary assessment method. This should be considered to develop public policies addressed to improve diet and prevent chronic diseases in these women.Grant Funding Source: Supported by Nestle Mexico
Comparison between nutritional status and the health statuses of Japanese patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and those of Chinese patients (628.23)
Authors: Nakao Motoyuki , Ishihara Yoko 
Published: June 2021

[Background] We previously reported that the Chinese patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) showed inferior health statuses to Japanese patients (Yamaguchi M. et al., BMC Public Health 13: 754 (2013)). However, the factors affecting the health status of the patients have not yet been studied. Malnutrition among the patients with advanced COPD causes weight loss, which has been identified as a poor‐prognostic factor. In this study, we examined the relationships between the health status and body mass index (BMI) as a nutritional status‐factor in the patients with COPD in Japan and China.[Methods] From 2008 to 2011, we examined the factors affecting the health status of Japanese and Chinese populations in six cities. Participants were patients with COPD and healthy subjects, aged 50 to 79 years. Health status was measured by using the COOP/WONCA charts, and basic information such as body weight and medical history was reported by the participants.[Results] 782 subjects participated in this study. The BMI uncorrelated with the severity of COPD both in Japanese and Chinese patients. When subjects were divided in two groups (BMI>25, BMI25 group than those in the BMI<25 group in Chinese patients. “Physical fitness” of healthy Chinese in the BMI 25 group. No significant difference in the health status was observed among the Japanese patients and healthy subjects between the BMI>25 and <25 groups.[Conclusions] These results suggested that the nutritional control may improve the health status in the Chinese patients with COPD.Grant Funding Source: Supported by Grant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research and “MEXT‐Supported Program” in Japan
Genome‐wide association study for the interaction between BMR and BMI in Korean obese females (628.24)
Authors: Choi Jung Ran , Kwon Dae Young , Kim Myung‐Sunny , Lee Myoungsook 
Published: June 2021

Basal metabolic rate (BMR), and the closely related resting metabolic rate (RMR), is the amount of energy expended daily by humans and other animals at rest. BMR accounts for approximately 45% to 70% of total energy expenditure in most healthy adults and affect by age, gender, body surface area, body and genetic composition, and hormonal status directly. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic factors associated with the interaction of BMR and body mass index (BMI) in obese women. A genome‐wide association analysis of 678,839 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 77 Korean obese and normal weight females was performed. Using regression and stepwise analysis, we investigated what factors preferentially involved in the interaction of BMR and BMI. Quantitative trait association analyses (PLINK) for BMR and BMI in 77 obese individuals (BMR>1426.3kcal/day and BMI>23kg/m2) and normal‐weight controls (BMR<1426.3kcal/day and BMI<23kg/m2) were performed. 140 SNPs achieved formal genome‐wide statistical significance in this study (P<1x10‐4). There was a significant association between NRG3 gene SNPs in the 10q23.1 chromosomal region and BMR (rs10786764, P=8.0x10‐7). FGGY gene SNP rs6676078 also reached genome‐wide significance (P=8.3x10‐5). Weaker associations (P<1x10‐5) with BMR were found in TNR, B3GNT2, FZD7, OR2Y1, MGAT1, NPAS3, PKD1L2 and SETBP1 genes. Seven other genes‐related to BMI (HSD52, TMA16, MARCH1, DGKI, NRG1, NRXN3 and STK4) yielded P<10x10‐4. The five genes associated with BMR and BMI were NRG3, OR8U8, BCL2L2‐PABPN1, PABPN1, and SLC22A17 (P<1x10‐4) in common. Twenty‐two genes/chromosome regions reached genome‐wide association significance (P<1x10‐4, 44 SNPs) in our GWAS. Five common genes (NRG3, OR8U8, BCL2L2‐PABPN1, PABPN1, and SLC22A17) yielded P < 1 x 10‐5 in BMR and BMI. Our findings provide new insights into the genetic etiology of obesity related to BMR. These results will serve as a resource for replication and validation identified with BMR and BMI.Grant Funding Source: This work was supported by KFRI 2011(11162KFDA154) and funded by the MEST (2010‐0000147).
Displacement of caloric beverages by plain water intake in adults with low socioeconomic status in Cuernavaca, Mexico (628.25)
Authors: Illescas Zarate Daniel , Espinosa Montero Juan , Flores Aldana Mario , Monterrubio Flores Eric , Barquera Cervera Simón 
Published: June 2021

This work analyzes the ratio between caloric beverages and plain water (PW) according to the PW intake in Mexican adults of low socioeconomic status (LSE) in Cuernavaca, Mexico.In a cross‐sectional study, we evaluated fluid intake using 24‐hour dietary recall designed specifically to assess beverages. CB was defined as beverages that provide energy, except those with non‐caloric sweetener. Participants were classified into 5 groups based on PW intake (non‐drinkers and quartiles). Anthropometric measurements were taken, and physical activity was assessed using a validated tool. The difference between the 5 groups was evaluated using variance analysis with Bonferroni correction. Data was analyzed using Heckman regression model with robust standard errors adjusted by confounders.A total of 1385 adults were evaluated between 21 and 65 years. As PW intake increased, we observed lower per capita intake of CB (p<0.001) with the exception of natural juice which was higher (p<0.01). The intake of soft drinks, whole milk, and non‐sweetened beverages between quartiles remained stable. The ratio between CB and PW showed a negative tendency between quartiles: for each ml of PW, CB intake was 3.3, 1.3, 0.68 and 0.38 ml in quartiles 1 to 4 respectively (p <0.001). Using the Heckman model, we observed that PW consumers had a 0.5 lower chance of consuming CB (p=0.029) and for each ml of PW, the intake of CB decreased by 0.192mL (p<0.001) adjusting for non‐caloric beverage intake, age, gender, education level, BMI and physical activity.We conclude that higher intake of PW is associated with lower intake of CB. This relationship suggests that in population may decrease CB intake by increasing PW intake.
Relationship between BDNF and cardiometabolic risk factors in Korean adults (629.8)
Authors: Lee Okhee , Chung Yongsam , Moon Jongwha 
Published: June 2021

Dementia and cognitive impairment would be important health problems in Korean society, where the aged population is rapidly increasing. The high blood pressure, deficiency of vitamin D and micro‐minerals, diabetes, dyslipidemia are known to influence the cognitive function negatively in the elderly. In this study we measured the BDNF and risk factors for cardiometaboic disease, vitamin D status and serum apoE level in general people living Keunggi‐do. 111 subjects aged over 40 years were recruited in this study. Hs‐CRP, cholesterol, HDL‐cholesterol, hba1c, insulin level, vitamin D, apoE level in blood and serum mineral contents were measured. As anthropometric and physiological parameters were also measured such as body fat%, waist‐hip ratio, height, weight, BMI, SBP, DBP were measured. Serum Hs‐CRP, cholesterol, HDL‐cholesterol, vitamin D, apoE level showed significant difference by gender. In men serum vitamin D level showed correlation with BDNF level, in contrast not in female. In female we cannot find any association of blood BDNF level with other marker. In conclusion, this study showed that a wide investigation with a great size of sample is necessary to find out the risk factors for cognitive impairment in ageing adultsGrant Funding Source: Korea National Research Foundation
Consumer perception in Argentina around the use of stevia in foods and beverages to reduce sugar intake (631.1)
Authors: Kapica Cathy 
Published: June 2021

Argentina has a significant and growing rate of overweight and obesity. Dietary guidance recommends reduction of energy intake, particularly from sugars. Assessing acceptable alternatives will help achieve this goal. To determine knowledge, attitude and acceptance of sweeteners, including stevia, 1000 subjects representative of the Argentine population completed an internet survey; 50% were female, ranging in age from 18‐64 years, with 61% having children in the household. Respondents overwhelmingly preferred natural origin sweeteners, with the top choices for taste being honey (91%), sugar (88%) and stevia (67%). 84% of respondents agreed that stevia is safe for adults, compared to 86% for honey. In households with children, 72% want foods for their children with less sugar, 19% without sugar, and 9% with current levels of sugar. Yet, 60% of households with children do not consider artificial sweeteners acceptable for children. In households with children, 84% agreed that honey, 74% that stevia and 48% that sugar was safe for children. Those households with teenagers expressed stronger purchase intent for foods and beverages with stevia to help reduce dietary sugar intake. Using a natural‐origin intense sweetener with zero calories, such as stevia, may help reduce dietary sugars and calories while maintaining consumer acceptance for taste and healthfulness.Grant Funding Source: Supported by the Global Stevia Institute
Activity of JSNFS and status of nutritional science in Japan (632.18)
Authors: Kato Hisanori 
Published: June 2021

Japan Society of Nutrition and Food Science (JSNFS) was established in 1947 and to contribute advancement and dissemination in nutrition and food science and therefore, public health in Japan through providing and exchanging information on nutrition and food science. It has 4,500 active members and has long placed high value on international activities. JSNFS hosted Asian Congress of Nutrition (ACN) in 1987 and will hold the 12th ACN in 2015. It co‐organized International Congress of Nutrition (ICN) in 1975 and will take a pivotal role in hosting the 22nd ICN in 2021. I will introduce other activities of JSNFS including IUNS workshop and deep cooperations with nutrition societies of many countries.In the second part of my talk, a brief overview of the past and present status of nutritional science in Japan will be provided. Topics covered will include historical aspects, secrets behind the longevity of Japanese people, superb systems of school lunch and food education, and food safety issues. Also, brief introductions will be made of the topnotch basic researches, the functional food system, and health‐related policies, which will be the topics of the following presentations.
Impact of beverage policy in childcare in California (632.2)
Authors: Ritchie Lorrene , Sharma Sushma , Gildengorin Ginny , Yoshida Sallie , Braff‐Guajardo Ellen , Crawford Patricia 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The 2012 California Healthy Beverages in Childcare law was designed to improve beverages in all licensed childcare in the state.This study's aim was to evalute the impact of the law on beverages served to 2‐5 year old children in childcare. We hypothesized that beverages would improve as measured by more sites making drinking water available and serving only low/nonfat milk, and fewer sites serving sugary drinks and serving 100% juice more than once daily. Methods: We randomly selected licensed childcare sites from official state registers and administered surveys to independent cross‐sectional samples in 2008 and 2012. Responses (~400 per survey) were compared using chi‐square, logistic regression, or analysis of variance. Results: We found significant improvement after vs. before the law: more sites made water available indoors for self‐serve (77% vs 69%, p=.032) and served water with meals/snacks (47% vs 28%, p=.008); fewer sites served 100% juice more than once daily (20% vs 27%, p=.038) and served whole milk (9% vs 22%, p=.006). In 2012, 60% of sites were aware of a beverage law and 23% were fully compliant. Conclusions: This study is the first to show a positive impact on beverages served in childcare after the introduction of healthy beverage policy. Additional efforts are needed, however, to promote beverage policy and encourage greater compliance.Grant Funding Source: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Effects of the 2102 USDA meal pattern requirements on the service of beans &amp; peas (pulse crops) in school lunch programs (632.5)
Authors: Rueda Janice 
Published: June 2021

Beginning with the 2012‐13 school year, the USDA instituted new meal pattern requirements for districts participating in the National School Lunch Program. One new requirement was the service of at least one 0.5 cup serving of “beans and peas” (pulse crops) per week. Pulse crops, which include dry beans, dry peas, lentils and chickpeas, are excellent sources of dietary fiber and rich in protein, micronutrients and phytochemicals. Despite their low cost and healthful attributes, pulse crops are not widely used in school meal programs. While it was expected that the new requirement would increase the service of pulse crops by NSLP‐participating districts, this has not been the case. Here, an analysis of procurement data from school year 2011‐2012 (pre‐) and 2012‐2013 (post‐implementation) from school districts of different sizes (>40,000, 20‐39,999 and <20,000 students) and regions of the country (midwest and west) will be presented that illustrate the changes in service of pulse crops resulting from implementation of the new meal requirements.Grant Funding Source: Supported by the American Pulse Association
When a dietary supplement product name says “energy”, what’s in the bottle? (634.1)
Authors: Saldanha L , Dwyer J , Bailen R , Andrews K , Bailey R , Betz J , Burt V , Chang F , Costello R , Emenaker N , Gahche J , Harnly J , Hardy C , Pehrsson P 
Published: June 2021

Caffeine in energy products is currently a focus of concern. However, not all energy products are caffeinated.Objective: To profile dietary ingredients (DI) in DS sold as energy products.Methods: We used the Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) to identify DS with “energy” in the product name and compile their composition. We categorized the DI using the LanguaL® DS Thesaurus.Results: 157 DS in DSLD had “energy” in the product name; 126 in non‐liquid (mainly pills) and 31 in liquid (serving size >1 fl oz) form. Of the non‐liquid forms 52 of 126 (41%) declared caffeine on the label and 43 of 52 (83%) provided the amount of caffeine. Of the liquid forms 30 of the 31 (97%) and 9 of the 30 (30%) respectively did so. The table below provides the % content of other DI of interest in energy products surveyed.

Vitamins
Botanicals
L‐Carnitine
Glucuronolactone/Glucuronic Acid
Taurine

Non‐liquid
62%
86
16
0
13

Liquid
81
42
10
55
65

Conclusions: Few products report amounts of non‐Daily Value (DV) nutrients on the label, e.g., taurine, glucuronolactone (or glucuronic acid), and L‐carnitine. Labeling amounts of these DI is optional if a component of a blend. Thus, estimating exposure to these DI from the label information is not possible. Specialized databases for non‐DV, DI of interest are needed from manufacturers, publications and/or analyzed data.Grant Funding Source: Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH
The accuracy of reported caffeine content in energy drinks and energy shots (634.5)
Authors: Attipoe Selasi , Singley Patrick , Deuster Patricia 
Published: June 2021

Background: The use of energy beverages is increasing in the general population and among military personnel. Although energy beverages contain a variety of ingredients, the main active ingredient is typically caffeine. Previous studies have reported discrepancies in the caffeine content of energy drink and dietary supplement labels and the actual amount of caffeine in the products. The possibility for intoxication/overdose is a concern if the caffeine content indicated on energy beverage labels deviates significantly from what the beverage actually contains.Objective: Examine the accuracy of caffeine content listed on the labels of various energy drinks and energy shots.Methods: Nine top‐selling energy drinks and five energy shots were chosen by using information from various sources. Three of each the 14 products were purchased and analyzed by an independent laboratory for caffeine content. Values from the laboratory reports were compared to the caffeine amount listed on the label.Results: Of the 14 products tested, three listed caffeine as ingredient but did not quantify it on their facts panel and two listed caffeine as part of a proprietary blend. The remaining nine products had caffeine amounts within 15% of amount indicated on the label, except one product, which was significantly lower.Conclusion: Although the caffeine content in the energy drinks and shots examined in this study were not accurately reflected on the labels, 64% were within acceptable ranges.Grant Funding Source: This work was supported by the Center Alliance for Dietary Supplement Research, NB91FD.
Fiber supplementation influences the phylogenetic structure and functional capacity of the adult human intestinal microbiome (637.1)
Authors: Holscher Hannah , Caporaso J. , Brulc Jennifer , Swanson Kelly 
Published: June 2021

The impact of diet on the composition and functional capacity of the human gastrointestinal microbiome remains under‐investigated. We aimed to determine the impact of polydextrose (PDX) and soluble corn fiber (SCF) on the fecal microbiome using shotgun sequencing. Healthy adult males (n=21) were enrolled in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled crossover trial. Subjects consumed 3 treatments (snack bars) containing either no supplemental fiber (NFC), PDX (21 g/d), or SCF (21 g/d) for 21 days. Three fecal samples were collected on days 16‐21 of each period; DNA was extracted, followed by shotgun 454 pyrosequencing and analysis using QIIME. UniFrac‐based PCoA demonstrated shifts in the phylogenetic structure and functional capacity of the microbiome of subjects consuming fibers compared to controls. Consumption of PDX and SCF resulted in significant (p<0.001) changes in microbial populations at several taxonomic levels, including a shift in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio. Functional categories affected by fiber supplementation were associated with carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism; metabolism of cofactors and vitamins; mineral and organic ion transport systems; and DNA metabolism. These novel findings demonstrate that fiber supplementation impacts both the phylogenetic structure and functional capacity of the fecal microbiome in adult humans.Grant Funding Source: Supported by General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, MN