bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloud Zero-Day Attack Detection Using Hidden Markov Model with Transductive Learning
Authors: Rana Sohel , Hossan Md Alamin , Adel Abidullha 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In cloud security, detecting attack software is considered an essential task. Among several attack types, a zero-day attack is considered as most problematic because the antivirus cannot able to remove it. The existing attack detection model uses stored data about attack characteristics, which fails to detect zero-attack where an altered attack is implemented for an antivirus system to detect the attack. To detect and prevent zero-day attacks, this paper proposed a model stated as Hidden Markov Model Transductive Deep Learning (HMM_TDL), which generates hyper alerts when an attack is implemented. Also, the HMM_TDL assigns labels to data in the network and periodically updates the database (DB). Initially, the HMM model detects the attacks with hyper alerts in the database. In the next stage, transductive deep learning incorporates k-medoids for clustering attacks and assign labels. Finally, the trust value of the original data is computed and computed in the database based on the value network able to classify attacks and data. The developed HMM_TDL is trained with consideration of two datasets such as NSL-KDD and CIDD. The comparative analysis of HMM_TDL exhibits a higher accuracy value of 95% than existing attack classification techniques.
Genetic Evidence of Stable Northward Extension of Pinus Thunbergii Forests in the Democratic People’s Republic Korea
Authors: Ho Un-Hyang , Song Sam-Rang , Pak Hak-Song , Kim Kang , Ho Tong-Su , Ju Il-Yop 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Japanese black pine with high salt tolerance may be an important constitutive element sustaining terrestrial ecosystem by playing a role of windbreak forests in coastal areas. Korean peninsula would be a notable region in clarifying distribution shift in Pinus species as it has northern distribution limit of Japanese black pine in Asia. Our main object was to verify genetic evidence of stable northward extension of P.thunbergii populations in D. P. R. Korea. We investigated genetic background of 9 populations existing in Korean peninsula using nuclear SSR markers in relation to shifts in climate factors such as temperature and precipitation. Higher genetic diversity in east group (AR=10.7~19.5) and west group (AR=10.3~10.7) compared to north group (AR=6.7~8.8) was found. When number of putative clusters (K) = 2, whole individuals were divided into west group and north-east group, and when K=3, north-east group can be separated into north group and east group. Phylogeographic relationship verified by means of nSSR markers suggest that substantial increment of air temperature in D. P. R. Korea allowed stable anthropogenic transfer of P.thunbergii forests and that artificial afforestation may bring rapid establishment of forest ecosystem owing to climate change.
Developing a mobile application to improve the quality of life among breast cancer survivors
Authors: Dougan Marcelle , Korani Tina , Castle Arden , Dang Kim 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the value of mobile applications for health. The current study explored key factors that drive use of mobile applications among breast cancer survivors,.
Methods

We conducted in-depth interviews with a convenience sample of 14 ethnically diverse cancer survivors and individuals in their support systems. Interviewees included six breast cancer survivors, one survivor of a different type of cancer, and four individuals in their support systems (caregivers, clinical professionals, or research professionals). Interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results

Themes emerged in two overarching categories: 1) finding meaningful support and 2) ensuring utility of a mobile application. In relation to meaningful support, participants identified three important themes: increasing social support and connection, motivation for self-care, and assistance navigating healthcare. In the area of application utility, participants identified three key themes: keeping a user-friendly interface, ensuring credible information, and using the data collected for the purposes intended.
Conclusion

It is important to consider factors associated with both meaning and utility when developing a mobile application for breast cancer survivors. Further research is needed with breast cancer survivors of additional ethnic minority groups to confirm or extend important areas for consideration.
Magnitude of Postpartum Hemorrhage and Its Associated Factors in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Authors: Nigussie Jemberu , Girma Bekahegn , Molla Alemayehu , Tamir Takila , Tilahun Rute 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Postpartum hemorrhage or postpartum bleeding (PPH) is often defined as loss of > 500 ml of blood after vaginal delivery or > 1,000 ml after cesarean delivery within 24 hrs. Postpartum hemorrhage is a leading direct cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. Therefore, the main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled magnitude of postpartum hemorrhage and the pooled effect size of the associated factors in Ethiopia.Methods: Primary studies were searched in PubMed / MEDLINE online, Science Direct and Hinari Cochrane Library, CINAHL, African Journals Online databases, Google and Google Scholars. The search for studies was not limited by time and all articles up to October 10/2021 were included. The data extraction format was prepared in Microsoft Excel. The data extracted from the Microsoft Excel format was exported to Stata Version 16.0 statistical software for analysis. A random effect meta-analysis model was used. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated by the I2 test and Egger's weighted regression test was used to assess publication bias.Result: A total of 165 records from the electronic databases were excluded, but 145 records were excluded for different reasons, and finally 20 studies were included in this final analysis. The pooled magnitude of postpartum hemorrhage in Ethiopia was 8.18% [(95% CI; 6.996 - 9.363]. Older age [OR= 5.038 (95% CI; 2.774 - 9.151)], prolonged labor [OR = 4.054 (95% CI; 1.484 - 11.074)], absence of ANC visit [OR = 13.84 (95% CI; 5.57 - 34.346)] grand-multiparty, [OR = 6.584 (95% CI; 1.902 - 22.795)], and history of postpartum hemorrhage [OR = 4.355 (95% CI; 2.347 - 8.079)] were identified as factors for the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage.Conclusions: This study concludes that the magnitude of postpartum hemorrhage in Ethiopia was moderately high. The finding was strongly help different stakeholder working in maternal and child health to focus on the main contributors factors to reduce PPH. Health professionals attending delivery should emphasize high-risk groups of mothers. Encouraging ANC visit and prevent prolonged labor should be recommended to reduce the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage.
Time-Related Aortic Inflammatory Response, As Assessed With 18F-FDG PET/CT, in Patients Hospitalized With Severe or Critical COVID-19 The COVAIR Study
Authors: Vlachopoulos Charalambos , Printzios Dimitrios Terentes - , Katsaounou Paraskevi , Solomou Eirini , Gardikioti Vassiliki , Exarchos Dimitrios , Εconomou Dimitrios , Christopoulou Georgia , Kalkinis Antonios-Dimosthenis , Kafouris Pavlos , Antonopoulos Alexios , Lazaros Georgios , Kotanidou Anastasia , Datseris Ioannis , Tsioufis Konstantinos , Anagnostopoulos Constantinos 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
AimArterial involvement has been implicated in the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) imaging is a valuable tool for the assessment of disease severity in different types of vasculitis and is a predictor of outcome. We sought to prospectively assess the presence of aortic inflammation and its time-dependent trend by measuring the 18-FDG uptake in PET/CT in patients with severe or critical COVID-19.Methods In this pilot case control study, we recruited 20 patients, who were admitted with severe or critical COVID-19 illness. Patients underwent imaging between 20 to 120 days after hospital admission. Ten age- and sex-matched individuals with prior history of malignancy but free of active disease served as the control group. Arterial inflammation was assessed by measuring 18-FDG uptake in PET/CT and calculating aortic target to blood ratio (TBR).ResultsThere was a significant correlation between aortic TBR values and time distance from diagnosis to 18F-FDG PET/CT scan (-rho- =0.547, p=0.015) even after adjustment for confounders (p=0.002). Patients who were scanned less than 60 days (median) from diagnosis had significantly higher TBR values compared to patients examined more than 60 days post-diagnosis (1.55 [1.47-1.61] vs 1.40 [1.33-1.45], respectively, p=0.013).ConclusionThis is the first study suggesting that 18 FDG PET/CT imaging could be used for assessment of arterial inflammation in patients with severe/critical COVID-19. These findings may have important implications for the understanding of the pathophysiology and the course of the disease and for improving our preventive and therapeutic strategies.
JULO-JULO DALAM KONTEKS PERTUKARAN SOSIAL
Authors: Rohani Siti , Fauzi Fauzi , Putra R Rahmadsyah , Usrah Cut Rizka Al 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk pertukaran sosial dalam kegiatan Julo-Julo serta fungsi pertukaran sosial dalam ekonomi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Adapun teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yakni teori resiprositas. Dari hasil yang diperoleh Julo-Julo dalam konteks pertukaran sosial di Desa Merah Pupuk, Kecamatan Atu Lintang, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah yaitu Julo-Julo bahan-bahan pokok untuk acara pernikahan dan hajatan merupakan Julo-Julo bahan-bahan pokok yang dikumpulkan oleh ketua pengurus Julo-Julo ketika anggota Julo-Julo menggelar sebuah acara pernikahan dan hajatan. Menggunakan metode Julo-Julo bahan-bahan pokok yaitu sesuai dengan kriteria, di mana kriteria tersebut adalah anggota Julo-Julo yang paling membutuhkan yaitu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan secara materil. Bentuk pertukaran yang ada pada masyarakat yaitu resiprositas sebanding dan resiprositas umum. Fungsi pertukaran dalam Julo-Julo bagi masyarakat di Desa Merah Pupuk yaitu untuk mengatasi hambatan-hambatan yang ada ketika menggelar acara pernikahan dan hajatan seperti keterbatasan modal uang, keterbatasan tenaga kerja rewang (orang yang membantu) dan keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana.
Kata Kunci: resiprositas; julo-julo; pertukaran sosial.

Abstract: This study aims to determine the form of social exchange in Julo-Julo activities and the function of social exchange in the economy. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The theory used in this research is reciprocity theory. From the results obtained by Julo-Julo in the context of social exchange in Merah Pupuk Village, Atu Lintang District, Central Aceh Regency, namely Julo-Julo, basic ingredients for weddings and celebrations, Julo-Julo, basic ingredients collected by the chairman of the julo management. -julo when members of Julo-Julo hold a wedding and celebration. Using the Julo-Julo method, the basic ingredients are in accordance with the criteria, where the criteria are the Julo-Julo members who need the most, namely to meet material needs. The forms of exchange that exist in society are proportional reciprocity and general reciprocity. The function of exchange in Julo-Julo for the community in Merah Pupuk Village is to overcome the obstacles that exist when holding weddings and celebrations such as limited financial capital, limited rewang (people who help) and limited facilities and infrastructure.
Keywords: reciprocity, julo-julo; social exchange.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN PAJAK, SIKAP, DAN KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DALAM MEMBAYAR PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN
Authors: Saputri Anggrilia Mega , Khoiriawati Novi 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak: Pajak bumi dan bangunan atau PBB merupakan salah satu sumber penghasilan negara, yang sangat berguna untuk menyokong pembangunan sarana dan prasarana umum,dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Namun tingkat kepatuhan masyarakat untuk membayar pajak bumi dan bangunan masih tergolong rendah, hal ini dipengaruhi karena kurangnya pengetahuan terhadap pajak dan didukung kurangnya sikap dan kesadaran masayarakat sebagai wajib pajak. Maka tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengenali akibat kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pajak, sikap, serta kesadaran masyarakat terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak untuk membayar pajak bumi dan bangunan di Kelurahan Bence, Kecamatan Garum, Kabupaten Blitar. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan model penelitian deskriptif. Adapun data yang digunakan yaitu sumber data primer dengan sampel peneltiain sebanyak 86 responden. Sedangkan untuk teknik pengambilan data yaitu dengan menyebar kuesioner. Untuk teknik pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS 26 untuk uji validitas, reliabilitas, uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas, uji heteroskedastistas, uji autokorelasi, dan uji regresi linier berganda (uji-t dan uji-F). Hasil penelitian menyimpukan bahwa pengetahuan pajak, sikap, serta kesadaran masyarakat berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan masyarakat saat membayar pajak bumi dan bangunan di Kelurahan Bence.
Kata Kunci: Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan; Pengetahuan Pajak; Sikap; Kesadaran Wajib Pajak; Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak.

Abstract: Land and building tax or PBB is one of the sources of state income, which is very useful to support the development of public facilities and infrastructure, to improve people's welfare. However, the level of public compliance to pay land and building taxes is still relatively low, this is influenced by a lack of knowledge of taxes and supported by a lack of attitude and awareness of the community as taxpayers. So the purpose of this study is to identify the consequences of lack of tax knowledge, attitudes, and public awareness of taxpayer compliance to pay land and building taxes in Bence Village, Garum District, Blitar Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive research model. The data used are primary data sources with a sample of 86 respondents. As for the data collection technique, namely by distributing questionnaires. For data processing techniques using SPSS 26 for validity, reliability, normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, autocorrelation test, and multiple linear regression test (t-test and F-test). The results of the study conclude that tax knowledge, attitudes, and public awareness have a positive and significant impact on community compliance when paying land and building taxes in Bence Village.
Keywords: Land and Building Tax; Tax Knowledge; Attitude; Taxpayer Awareness; Taxpayer Compliance.
Aspects of differential diagnosis and treatment of rhinitis in children under 2 years of age
Authors: Karpishchenko S. A. , Vereshchagina O. Е. , Teplova E. O. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction.Clinical manifestations of rhinitis have a negative impact not only on the physical, social, and psychological health of children, but also on their parents, especially in families with a first child. Nasal congestion, nasal breathing difficulty cause problems with sleep and feeding.Aim of the study.To estimate the occurrence of rhinitis in children under two years old in the outpatient practice of otorhinolar-yngologists, to consider features of the course and differential diagnostics of various rhinitis types, to evaluate the effectiveness of nasal irrigation-elimination therapy in the treatment of acute rhinitis symptoms.Materials and Methods.Between September 2020 and July 2021, 220 patients between 0 to 18 years were managed: preschool-aged patients comprised 120 patients (54.5%), of whom 27 patients under two years old had symptoms of rhinitis, including those with symptoms lasting more than two weeks.Results.Among the patients referred to us, infectious rhinitis was diagnosed in the majority of cases - in 18 patients (66,7%), which can be explained not only by the timing of the study but also by the highest prevalence of this pathology among the diseases of the nasal cavity. Allergic and non-allergic rhinitis occurred in only 4 (14.8%) and 5 (18.5%) persons, respectively. Symptomatic irrigation therapy with saline solutions is just as necessary for young children as it is for older children and adults. Some difficulties in nasal cavity care during rhinitis are the anatomical narrowness of the nasal passages and lack of blowing skills in young children. In these situations, preference should be given to gentle, non-traumatic, gentle aspiration with prior irrigation of the nasal cavity with an isotonic saline solution. When a nasal aspirator was used, there was a decrease in the duration of nasal discharge during the illness and a reduction in the duration of the disease.Conclusion.Rhinitis in young children is a common but underestimated problem. Clinical manifestations are more often associated with typical symptoms: nasal congestion, discharge, nasal breathing difficulty, and sneezing. The use of irrigation-elimination intranasal therapy with the use of a nasal cavity aspirator can reduce the timing of clinical symptoms of rhinitis and reduce the overall duration of the disease.
Challenges of Working From Home in Persistent Covid-19 Environment
Authors: P.M Chinnaiah , P Smt. Chythra 
Published: November 2021

The IT sector is one of the important sectors that contribute to the growth of Indian economy. The Industry adopted many measures to achieve a higher level of performance and to sustain their higher market share; one of such measures is working from Home (WFH). The Covid-19 pandemic badly affected the world economy. Therefore, to sustain the work progress the IT firms across the globe have adopted WFH method. Though there are many studies conducted to identify the challenges of working from home in the early stage of the covid-19. But, there are scant studies those who made attempt to identify the challenges of working from home and changes in these challenges in the persistent covid-19 environment. In the present study it is found that, there are seven challenges remain same as in the early stage of pandemic and eight previously identified challenges have changed into moderate challenges.
Water resources availability under different climate change scenarios in South East Iran
Authors: Iranmanesh Reza , Jalalkamali Navid , Tayari Omid 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The comprehensive large-scale assessment of future available water resources is crucial for food security in countries dealing with water shortages like Iran. Kerman province, located in the south east of Iran, is an agricultural hub and has vital importance for food security. This study attempts to project the impact of climate change on available water resources of this province and then, by defining different scenarios, to determine the amount of necessary reduction in cultivation areas to achieve water balance over the province. The GFDL-ESM2M climate change model, RCP scenarios, and the CCT (Climate Change Toolkit) were used to project changes in climatic variables, and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used for hydrological simulation. The future period for which forecasts are made is 2020–2050. Based on the coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient, the CCT demonstrates good performance in data downscaling. The results show that under all climate change scenarios, most parts of the province are likely to experience an increase in precipitation yet to achieve water balance a 10% decrease in the cultivation area is necessary under the RCP8.5 scenario. The results of the SWAT model show that green water storage in central and western parts of the province is higher than that in other parts.
Usability-In-Place—Remote Usability Testing Methods for Homebound Older Adults: Rapid Literature Review
Authors: Hill Jordan R , Brown Janetta C , Campbell Noll L , Holden Richard J 
Published: November 2021

Background
Technology can benefit older adults in many ways, including by facilitating remote access to services, communication, and socialization for convenience or out of necessity when individuals are homebound. As people, especially older adults, self-quarantined and sheltered in place during the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of usability-in-place became clear. To understand the remote use of technology in an ecologically valid manner, researchers and others must be able to test usability remotely.

Objective
Our objective was to review practical approaches for and findings about remote usability testing, particularly remote usability testing with older adults.

Methods
We performed a rapid review of the literature and reported on available methods, their advantages and disadvantages, and practical recommendations. This review also reported recommendations for usability testing with older adults from the literature.

Results
Critically, we identified a gap in the literature—a lack of remote usability testing methods, tools, and strategies for older adults, despite this population’s increased remote technology use and needs (eg, due to disability or technology experience). We summarized existing remote usability methods that were found in the literature as well as guidelines that are available for conducting in-person usability testing with older adults.

Conclusions
We call on the human factors research and practice community to address this gap to better support older adults and other homebound or mobility-restricted individuals.
CE Accreditation and Barriers to CE Marking of Pediatric Drug Calculators for Mobile Devices: Scoping Review and Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Koldeweij Charlotte , Clarke Jonathan , Nijman Joppe , Feather Calandra , de Wildt Saskia N , Appelbaum Nicholas 
Published: November 2021

Background
Pediatric drug calculators (PDCs) intended for clinical use qualify as medical devices under the Medical Device Directive and the Medical Device Regulation. The extent to which they comply with European standards on quality and safety is unknown.

Objective
This study determines the number of PDCs available as mobile apps for use in the Netherlands that bear a CE mark, and explore the factors influencing the CE marking of such devices among app developers.

Methods
A scoping review of Google Play Store and Apple App Store was conducted to identify PDCs available for download in the Netherlands. CE accreditation of the sampled apps was determined by consulting the app landing pages on app stores, by screening the United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency’s online registry of medical devices, and by surveying app developers. The barriers to CE accreditation were also explored through a survey of app developers.

Results
Of 632 screened apps, 74 were eligible, including 60 pediatric drug dosage calculators and 14 infusion rate calculators. One app was CE marked. Of the 20 (34%) respondents to the survey, 8 considered their apps not to be medical devices based on their intent of use or functionality. Three developers had not aimed to make their app available for use in Europe. Other barriers that may explain the limited CE accreditation of sampled PDC apps included poor awareness of European regulations among developers and a lack of restrictions when placing PDCs in app stores.

Conclusions
The compliance of PDCs with European standards on medical devices is poor. This puts clinicians and their patients at risk of medical errors resulting from the largely unrestricted use of these apps.