bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolução Econômica do Setor de Serviços no Estado de Rondônia: uma análise do período de 2009 a 2015 ## Economic Evolution of the Services Sector in the State of Rondônia: an analysis of the period from 2009 to 2015
Authors: Bruno Ricardo Ferreira , Moraes Marcela Barbosa de , Oliveira Edson Aparecida Araujo Querido 
Published: July 2021

Diante do atual momento de crise econômica brasileira, nota-se a importância do setor de serviços principalmente na geração de emprego e renda. Diante disto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral investigar a evolução econômica do setor de serviços no estado de Rondônia no período de 2009 a 2015. Para tanto, foi utilizado como procedimento metodológico uma abordagem quantitativa por meio da coleta de documentos com base na Pesquisa Anual de Serviços (PAS) e, como o procedimento de análise foi utilizado a estatística descritiva. Os resultados demonstraram que o setor de serviços contribuiu significativamente na criação de empresas com um crescimento de 32%. Com relação à geração de renda, o crescimento para o estado de Rondônia foi de 110%, enquanto o número de pessoas ocupadas cresceu 20% no período pesquisado. Por fim, conclui-se que o setor de serviços do estado de Rondônia contribuiu de forma significativa para a evolução da geração de renda, número de pessoas ocupadas e aumento da quantidade de empresas. ABSTRACTIn today's time of Brazilian economic crisis, there is the importance of the service sector mainly in the generation of employment and income. In view of this, this research has as general purpose to investigate the economic evolution of the services sector in the state of Rondônia in the period from 2009 to 2015. For this, a quantitative approach was used as methodological procedure through the collection of documents based on the Annual Survey of Services (PAS) and, as the analysis procedure was used the descriptive statistics. The results showed that the services sector contributed significantly to the creation of companies with growth of 32%. With regard to income generation, growth for the state of Rondônia was 110%, while the number of employed persons increased by 20% in the period surveyed. Finally, it can be concluded that the service sector of the state of Rondônia contributed significantly to the evolution of income generation, number of employed persons and increase in the number of companies.
Economia Circular em Negócios de Segunda Mão ## Circular Economy in Second-Hand Business
Authors: Pansera Samara Picco , Comin Lidiane Cássia , Julkovski Dulcimar José 
Published: July 2021

A Economia Circular promove práticas de consumo sustentável no setor de vestuário e produtos de segunda-mão, proporcionando reduzir os poluentes e garantir durabilidade dos componentes sem a necessidade de retirar matéria-prima da natureza. As plataformas online podem ser aliadas deste modelo de negócio, pois proporcionam acesso rápido e amplo a esses produtos. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar como os consumidores identificam e percebem as práticas de consumo de produtos de segunda mão, a partir da concepção do modelo de negócios circulares. Foi realizada uma pesquisa com aplicação de questionário eletrônico. Os resultados demonstram que existem práticas de consumo seguindo o modelo circular, mesmo que o conceito se encontre ainda implícito aos negócios de produtos de segunda mão. A preocupação dos indivíduos quanto ao impacto que o consumo exacerbado de produtos pode causar ao meio ambiente e a sustentabilidade do ecossistema é evidenciada, bem como a percepção da busca por meios de consumo que não agridam esse ecossistema. No entanto, essa percepção pelo propósito central do modelo de negócios circulares ainda não está presente de forma consciente quanto aos benefícios que a adoção do modelo de negócios circular pode ofertar, tanto para o meio ambiente, quanto para a sociedade como um todo. ABSTRACTThe Circular Economy promotes sustainable consumption practices in the clothing and second-hand products sector, provides a reduction of the pollutants and ensures component durability without the need to remove raw materials from nature. Online platforms can be associated with this type of business, as they provide quick and wide access to these products. The purpose of this study is to analyze how consumers identify and perceive practices of second-hand products consumption, based on the design of the circular business model. A survey was conducted using an electronic questionnaire. The results demonstrate the existence of consumption practices following the circular model, even though the concept is still implicit to the business of second-hand products. The concern of the individuals about the impact that the excessive consumption of products can cause to the environment and ecosystem sustainability is evidenced, as well as the perception of the pursuit for means of consumption that do not harm this ecosystem. However, this perception for the main purpose of the circular business model is, yet, not consciously present as to the benefits that the adoption of a circular business model can offer, both for the environment and for society as a whole.
Dynamic Rupture Study of Near-Field Velocity Pulses during the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, Japan
Authors: Tsuda Kenichi 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Simulating the ground motions of future earthquakes requires a proper understanding and modeling of source, path, and site effects. Ground motions recorded during recent earthquakes very close to their ruptured faults provide new evidence of the importance of source effects and suggest that physics-based rupture modeling is critical to account for them. Here, we develop dynamic rupture models to simulate the near-fault ground motions generated by the 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, earthquake (Mw 7.0) at Nishihara village, which feature a large-amplitude velocity pulse. Comparison of mainshock and foreshock waveforms suggests that the source of the velocity pulse is on the Futagawa fault segment located very close to the site. Our dynamic models use the spectral element method and are built upon a previous kinematic description of the event via a so-called “characterized source model,” with three strong-motion generation areas (SMGAs) on the assumed fault plane. We first develop a reference model that reproduces the main features of the rupture process in agreement with previous results of kinematic source inversion. We then examine the sensitivity of the simulated near-fault ground motions to the frictional parameters (critical slip-weakening distance and stress drop) in the shallow part of the fault and to the geometrical properties of the shallow SMGA. Even assuming drastically different frictional properties in the shallow part of the fault, the amplitude of the simulated ground motions was affected little. On the other hand, changes of geometrical properties of the shallow SMGA generated large differences in simulated ground motions. The results indicate that geometrical features of the shallow SMGA played a more important role in generating near-fault ground motions with velocity pulses as observed at Nishihara village during the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake.
Morphological study of variations in shape of coronoid process of adult human mandible
Authors: Madhu Nimisha , Kiran Chandra , Prasad Rajendra , Kumar Praveen , Singh Ramanuj , Lal Prabhat Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Many researchers have studied the morphology of coronoid process and have found varying shapes but such a study is lacking in this area.The present study was conducted to identify different morphological variations in shape of coronoid process of adult human mandible. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Anatomy at a Medical College of Bihar upon 46 dry adult human mandibles i.e. 92 coronoid processes. The morphological forms of coronoid process were noted.57.6% of coronoid processes were triangular in shape, 28.3% were rounded and 14.1% were hook shaped. The difference between male and female mandibles was found to be statistically significant (p=0.004).The proper knowledge on the morphological shapes of coronoid process is useful for maxillofacial surgeons as well as to be used as an anthropological marker to assess different populations and races.
A study on pulmonary function tests in smokers and after cessation of smoking (Quitters)
Authors: Dutt Shishir , Gogia Taruna , Gupta Manisha 
Published: July 2021

Smoking leads to development of cancers, cardiovascular, respiratory diseases including COPD. it poses a health challenge in reducing morbidity and mortality in developing countries like India. Spirometry in Smokers may show reduction in lung function parameters. Cessation of smoking leads to decrease in rate of decline in pulmonary functions to almost the same level of nonsmokers. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare level institute in Greater Noida on 100 smokers, 50 Quitters and 100 Nonsmokers total 250 healthy asymptomatic male subjects. Spirometry by RMS Helios spirometer 401 was Conducted according to American Thoracic society guidelines after enrolling the subject based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and collected data was analysed with epi info 7 software using appropriate statistical methods. Smokers and Nonsmokers were not much different in mean age and other physical parameters. Pulmonary function parameters like FVC, and FEV1 were significantly less in Smokers as compared to Nonsmokers and after cessation of smoking. Lung function parameters in Quitters were not significantly different from Nonsmokers. All the lung function test parameters show a significant decline in asymptomatic Smokers as compared to Nonsmokers and Quitters. After cessation of smoking there was not any significant difference in lung functions between Quitters and Nonsmokers. Therefore, by conducting spirometry, especially in smokers, cases may be detected at early stage and by quitting smoking the decline in lung functions & subsequent morbidity may be lessened.
Spray Volume and Frequency Impacts on Insecticide Efficacy Against the Citrus Mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Coleus under Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: Radosevich Devin L. , Cloyd Raymond A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The citrus mealybug Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a major insect pest of greenhouse-grown horticultural crops. The citrus mealybug causes direct damage by feeding on plant leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, which can lead to substantial economic losses. Consequently, insecticides are used to suppress citrus mealybug populations in greenhouse production systems. However, application factors may influence the efficacy of insecticides in suppressing citrus mealybug populations. Therefore, experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions to determine the effect of spray volume and application frequency on insecticide efficacy against the citrus mealybug feeding on coleus, Solenostemon scutellarioides (L.) Codd, plants. Four spray volumes (15, 25, 50, and 75 mL), 2 application frequencies (1 or 2 applications), and 3 insecticides (acetamiprid [TriStar®], flonicamid [Aria®], and cyfluthrin [Decathlon®]), each with a different mode of action, were tested. Based on mean percent citrus mealybug mortality, acetamiprid was more effective against citrus mealybugs than flonicamid or cyfluthrin. In the spray volume experiments, acetamiprid applied at 75 mL to each plant resulted in a mean percent citrus mealybug mortality of over 70%. In contrast, flonicamid and cyfluthrin resulted in less than 50% mean citrus mealybug mortality across all experiments. In the application frequency experiments, two spray applications did not result in a significantly higher mean citrus mealybug mortality than one spray application. Our study emphasizes the importance of spray volume and application frequency when using insecticides to suppress citrus mealybug populations.
Scolytinae in Nursery and Fruit Crops of Western Kentucky and Seasonal Population Patterns of Four Invasive Ambrosia Beetles
Authors: Viloria Zenaida , Villanueva Raul T. , Bessin Ric , O'Neal Paul , Ranger Christopher M. , Dunwell Winston 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAmbrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) inoculate species specific symbiotic fungi into the sapwood of their hosts. Some fungi are innocuous, but others are pathogenic and can kill plants in a short time. The main objectives of this study were to identify ambrosia beetle species found in wholesale and retail nurseries and an apple orchard in western Kentucky and monitor population abundance and phenology of the more common invasive ambrosia beetles. Baker traps baited with ultra-high or standard release ethanol were deployed in late February or March and removed in either fall (2016 and 2017) or August (2018). Sixteen ambrosia beetle species were captured, and eight of them were invasive. The invasive species Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford), Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky), Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford), and Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg) were the most common and abundant species. The highest counts of these invasive species were recorded from April to May. In addition, we are reporting 13 bark beetle species captured in this study; among them, Phloeotribus dentrifrons (Blackman) and Thysanoes fimbricornis LeConte are reported for the first time for Kentucky, whereas Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham) was the only invasive bark beetle collected.
Systematic Position of Heterotermitinae and Coptotermitinae (Blattodea: Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)
Authors: Ke Yunling , Huang Fusheng , Wu Wenjing , Li Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRhinotermitidae (Isoptera) is an economically important termite family globally. The family is not monophyletic, and the relationships among some of its taxa remain confusing. The taxonomic status of some subfamilies is likely questionable because of various morphological characters of the soldiers and imagoes. Twenty species in 10 genera, representing all six subfamilies of Rhinotermitidae were studied herein. Morphological phylogenetic trees based on 65 characters and molecular phylogenetic trees based on mitochondrial COII and 16SrRNA genes were reconstructed. The sequence composition and genetic distance were analyzed. Based on these results, Rhinotermitidae is polyphyletic. In the morphological trees, the family was divided into five clades. Heterotermitinae and Coptotermitinae were grouped into the most apical one of them and constituted the sister group to Termitidae in the Bayesian inference (BI) tree. In the combined molecular tree, Rhinotermitidae was divided into three clades. The position of the clade composing Heterotermitinae and Coptotermitinae was the same as in the morphological BI tree. The nucleotide sequence analyses also showed that the genetic distances between Heterotermitinae or Coptotermitinae with Termitidae might be closer than those between Heterotermitinae or Coptotermitinae with other subfamilies in Rhinotermitidae. It is postulated that the relationship of Heterotermitinae and Coptotermitinae with other subfamilies of Rhinotermitidae is not as close as that indicated in the current taxonomic system. They might be the real representative of the intermediate lineage from lower to higher termites. These findings further suggest that Heterotermitinae and Coptotermitinae should be separated from Rhinotermitidae and be upgraded as a whole to family rank.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cumin (Nigella Sativa) Seed Oil Extract as an Alternative Disinfectant of Dental Surfaces
Authors: Moaddeli Mohammadreza , Araghizadeh Abdolmehdi , Shabani Ehsan 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Cumin (Nigella Sativa) seed oil extract has some ingredients which have antimicrobial effects. The essential oils present in cumin act as antimicrobial agent and it influence on different type of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and also viruses, parasites and fungi. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial properties of cumin extract in disinfecting dentistry surfaces.
Material and Methods: This study was performed experimentally and had three groups of cumin extract, Deconex and control group. For each of these groups, 12 culture media were prepared and we counted the colonies created in 24 hours and 48 hours and significance level was assessed using SPSS software and t-test.
Results: At 24 hours, there was a significant difference between the bacterial colony counts of the petri dishes from Cumin Seed (Nigella Sativa) Oil Extract at 5.83 and the Deconex at 0. And at 48 hours, there was also a significant difference since the bacterial colony count on the petri dishes with Cumin (Nigella Sativa) Oil Extract was too many to count and a 0.83 bacterial colony count for the petri dishes with the Deconex.
Conclusion: The Cumin (Nigella Sativa) seed oil extract is not suitable to use as an alternative disinfectant of dental surfaces lonely. But some of its ingredients such as thymoquinone and hydroquinone can be used to produce a disinfecting solution.
A Review on Herbal Treatments for Trichomonas Vaginalis
Authors: Rahmani Fatemeh , Ehteshaminia Yahya , Mohammadi Hamid , Mahdavi Seif Ali 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that infects the urogenital tract of men and women and causes trichomoniasis, a common sexually transmitted disease in both men and women. The infection is often asymptomatic, but it can be accompanied by symptoms such as severe inflammation, itching and burning, foamy discharge and foul-smelling mucus. In one year, 250 million cases of Trichomonas vaginalis were reported worldwide.
Material and Methods: In this study, the websites of PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, and Margiran were searched and related articles were reviewed.
Results: Today, the most common treatment for this disease is the use of metronidazole. However, its side effects, which include hematological and neurotoxic effects, cannot be ignored. Because of these side effects, researchers are looking for a suitable replacement for metronidazole in the treatment of trichomoniasis. Researchers' desire to use herbs can be due to various reasons such as fewer side effects, better patient acceptance, recommendation of traditional medicine, lower prices of herbs and also compatibility with the normal physiological function of the human body.
Conclusion: Considering the inhibitory effects of medicinal plants on the growth and proliferation of Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro, it can be concluded that the use of these plants can have many applications in the treatment of trichomoniasis. As a result, by studying more about their advantages and disadvantages, it is possible to make a drug that has higher therapeutic effects with fewer side effects.
Allograft Chip Incorporation in Acetabular Reconstruction
Authors: Butscheidt Sebastian , von Kroge Simon , Stürznickel Julian , Beil Frank Timo , Gehrke Thorsten , Püschel Klaus , Amling Michael , Hahn Michael , Rolvien Tim 
Published: July 2021

Background:Impacted bone-grafting with morselized allograft chips is commonly used to reconstruct acetabular bone defects in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). While the overall clinical outcome of this procedure is described to be excellent, the microstructural basis and histological determinants of allograft incorporation remained to be further elucidated.Methods:The acetabula of 23 individuals with documented previous use of allograft chips during revision THA were explanted post mortem. The time that the allografts were in situ averaged 10.3 ± 4.5 years (range, 1.2 to 19.8 years). The host bone (HB)-allograft bone (AB) interface was characterized using a suite of high-resolution (HR) imaging techniques including HR-peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), histological analysis, cellular histomorphometry, and scanning electron microscopy.Results:AB could be identified in 16 of the 23 cases. The HB and AB showed overlap (i.e., ingrowth) in 91.3% of the total interface. The mean ingrowth was 2.2 ± 1.0 mm with a maximum of 4.7 ± 2.1 mm. The periphery of the AB showed a tight interconnection with the HB associated with increased bone remodeling indices and increased trabecular thickness. While no association between the time in situ and the ingrowth was observed, the bone defect area was positively associated with the thickness of a fibrosis layer separating the ingrowth zone from the AB.Conclusions:Allograft chips in revision THA form an adequate osseous foundation with successful incorporation through ingrowth of the HB (i.e., osteoconduction). While complete remodeling was not observed, larger defects were associated with fibrosis formation, which may compromise stability.Clinical Relevance:Our study provides the first systematic, multiscale long-term evaluation of chip allograft incorporation in revision THA to underscore its successful clinical use. As larger defects were associated with fibrous ingrowth, structural allografts may be superior for larger defects in terms of long-term outcomes.
Self-Inflicted Hand Amputation without Replantation in a Patient with Body Integrity Identity Disorder
Authors: Ramkumar Dipak B. , Brown Marcel G. , Lewis Chad Y. , Warren Celestine E. , Fortney Thomas A. , Warhold Lance G. 
Published: July 2021

Case:
We describe a patient who self-amputated his hand using a log splitter, because of a long-standing belief that the limb “did not belong to him.” On admission, he refused replantation and was found to be nonpsychotic. He was diagnosed with body integrity identity disorder (BIID) and declared competent to make his own medical decisions. A revision amputation was performed.

Conclusion:
BIID is a challenging diagnosis that physicians treating traumatic injuries should be aware of. Many ethicists support elective amputation as a definitive treatment, because of potential harm reduction and because BIID does not respond to conservative modalities such as pharmacotherapy.