bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the change of groundwater quality compared with land-use change and precipitation rate (Zrebar Lake's Basin)
Authors: Sadeghi Azad , Galalizadeh Saman , Zehtabian Gholamreza , Khosravi Hassan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPopulation, salinity, and increasing water consumption have caused high pressure on groundwater resources in Iran. The study reported here investigates the change of groundwater quality in Zrebar lake basin and the relationship between it with land-use change and precipitation rate from 1992 to 2018. To achieve the intended goal, chemical parameters of water from wells around the lake, bicarbonate (HCO3−), sulfate (SO4), sodium absorption ratio (SAR), and electrical conductivity (EC) were analyzed. Then, four methods including interpolation in the ArcGIS environment, Wilcox and Schoeller Diagram in Aq.QA software and Ground Water Quality Index (GWQI) were used to indicate the trend of water quality from 1992 to 2018. To detect land-use changes from 1992 to 2018, three Landsat satellite images covering the study area were used to identify land uses and their changes during the period that shows a significant area of forests that has been replaced by agricultural use, the dominant cover in 2018, while the area of forest has declined sharply. In this study, the precipitation patterns over the past years were showed to assess the relationship between rainy and low rainfall years with water quality. The results showed that forest area in 1992, 2003 and 2018 was 70.6, 62.5 and 50.2 hectares, respectively, which shows a significant reduction, 22%, during this study period. On the other hand, the area of farmlands and human-made constructions has increased by 20% and 200%, respectively. This study additionally revealed that although there was a decreasing trend in the rate of rainfall and the agricultural lands have increased, the quality of water was still suitable for drinking and agriculture consumptions. Changes in groundwater quality were not justifiable by rainfall rate and land-use change because there was no significant relationship between them with all the groundwater quality parameters.
Evaluating the role of community detection in improving influence maximization heuristics
Authors: Hajdu László , Krész Miklós , Bóta András 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBoth community detection and influence maximization are well-researched fields of network science. Here, we investigate how several popular community detection algorithms can be used as part of a heuristic approach to influence maximization. The heuristic is based on the community value, a node-based metric defined on the outputs of overlapping community detection algorithms. This metric is used to select nodes as high influence candidates for expanding the set of influential nodes. Our aim in this paper is twofold. First, we evaluate the performance of eight frequently used overlapping community detection algorithms on this specific task to show how much improvement can be gained compared to the originally proposed method of Kempe et al. Second, selecting the community detection algorithm(s) with the best performance, we propose a variant of the influence maximization heuristic with significantly reduced runtime, at the cost of slightly reduced quality of the output. We use both artificial benchmarks and real-life networks to evaluate the performance of our approach.
Clinical epigenetics and restoring of metabolic health in severely obese patients undergoing batriatric and metabolic surgery
Authors: Faenza Mario , Benincasa Giuditta , Docimo Ludovico , Nicoletti Giovanni Francesco , Napoli Claudio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEpigenetic-sensitive mechanisms, mainly DNA methylation, mirror the relationship between environmental and genetic risk factors able to affect the sensitiveness to development of obesity and its comorbidities. Bariatric and metabolic surgery may reduce obesity-related cardiovascular risk through tissue-specific DNA methylation changes. Among the most robust results, differential promoter methylation of ACACA, CETP, CTGF, S100A8, and S100A9 genes correlated significantly with the levels of mRNA before and after gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) in obese women. Additionally, promoter hypermethylation of NFKB1 gene was significantly associated with reduced blood pressure in obese patients after RYGB suggesting useful non-invasive biomarkers. Of note, sperm-related DNA methylation signatures of genes regulating the central control of appetite, such as MC4R, BDNF, NPY, and CR1, and other genes including FTO, CHST8, and SH2B1 were different in obese patients as compared to non-obese subjects and patients who lost weight after RYGB surgery. Importantly, transgenerational studies provided relevant evidence of the potential effect of bariatric and metabolic surgery on DNA methylation. For example, peripheral blood biospecimens isolated from siblings born from obese mothers before bariatric surgery showed different methylation signatures in the insulin receptor and leptin signaling axis as compared to siblings born from post-obese mothers who underwent surgery. This evidence suggests that bariatric and metabolic surgery of mothers may affect the epigenetic profiles of the offspring with potential implication for primary prevention of severe obesity. We update on tissue-specific epigenetic signatures as potential mechanisms underlying the restoration of metabolic health after surgery suggesting useful predictive biomarkers.
Long-term outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy as a revisional procedure after failed gastric band: a multicenter cross-matched cohort study
Authors: de Angelis Francesco , Boru Cristian Eugeniu , Iossa Angelo , Perotta Nicola , Campanile Fabio Cesare , Silecchia Gianfranco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLaparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) is the bariatric procedure most likely subject to revisional surgery. Both laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) represent viable options, but the long-term results are still lacking. In 2014, we published the 2-year follow-up of our multicenter cohort of revisional LSG after failed LAGB. Evaluate the long-term follow-up (median 9.3 years) of the same cohort of patients. University and primary-care hospitals, Italy. We retrospectively examined a prospectively maintained database of the previously published multicenter cohort of 56 patients who underwent LSG after failed LAGB between 2008–2011. The control group included cross-matched non-revisional LSGs. The primary endpoint was weight loss, secondary endpoints co-morbidities, and the need for further bariatric surgery. The study group included 44 patients and the control group 56. We found %EWL 53% Vs. 67% (p = .021), %EBMIL (54 Vs. 68%, p = .018), %TWL (26 Vs. 34%, p = .002). We also found more severe GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) symptoms in the revisional than in the primary group (9.0 vs. 1.8% mild and 23.0 vs. 3.0% severe). Ten patients from the revisional group (22.7%) vs. eight in the primary group (13%) underwent further bariatric surgery (LRYGB). Our results showed less favorable weight loss in revisional than primary LSG after LABG, higher prevalence of GERD, and a more frequent need for further revisional surgery. Despite the study’s limitations, the present data suggest that the long-term outcomes may offset the possible reduced short-term complication rate after revisional sleeve gastrectomy for a failed LABG.
New Bounds on the Double Total Domination Number of Graphs
Authors: Cabrera-Martínez A. , Hernández-Mira F. A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLet G be a graph of minimum degree at least two. A set $$D\subseteq V(G)$$

D
⊆
V
(
G
)

is said to be a double total dominating set of G if $$|N(v)\cap D|\ge 2$$

|
N
(
v
)
∩
D
|
≥
2

for every vertex $$v\in V(G)$$

v
∈
V
(
G
)

. The minimum cardinality among all double total dominating sets of G is the double total domination number of G. In this article, we continue with the study of this parameter. In particular, we provide new bounds on the double total domination number in terms of other domination parameters. Some of our results are tight bounds that improve some well-known results.
Mortality rate and factors associated with death in traumatic chest injury patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Yimam Abubeker Eshetu , Mustofa Salh Yalew , Gebregzi Amare H/kiros , Aytolign Habtu Adane 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Traumatic chest injury is responsible for 10%–15% of all trauma-related hospital admissions across the world. It is also responsible for approximately 25% of trauma related death. Several predictors have been described for mortality following chest trauma however, limited published studies were available in Ethiopia.

Objective:
To assess mortality rate and factors associated with death in traumatic chest injury patients over five year's period from June 2016 to June 30, 2020 G.C.

Method:
A retrospective cross-sectional study was done from June 2016 to June 30, 2020. Data was collected from patients’ chart. The collected data was entered into Epi-info version 7 and transferred to SPSS version 20.0 for processing and analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to show factors associated with mortality. P- Value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Result:
A total of 419 patient charts were eligible for this study. The majority of patients (55.8%) sustained blunt chest injuries and violence (52.5%) was the leading cause of injuries. Hemopneumothorax (27.7.0%), hemothorax (22.9%) and rib fracture (17.2%% were the most common type of injuries. Associated extra-thoracic injuries were noted in 70.4% of patients, from those, extremity injury (22.2%), head/neck injuries (21.7%) and abdominal injuries (18.1%) were the commonest. Most patients (64.7%) were treated successfully with chest tube. Nearly, one third (35.3%) had complications including pneumonia (13.8%) and Atelectasis (12.6%). The mean length of hospital stay was 9.40 days. The overall traumatic chest injury mortality rate was 26%. Mortality was significantly associated with age >50 year [AOR 9.32, 95% CI, 2.72–31.86], late presentation beyond 6hr (AOR 7.17, 95% CI 1.76–29.21), bilateral chest injury (AOR 3.58 95% CI 1.53–8.38), penetrating chest injury (AOR 3.63 95% CI 1.65–7.98), presence of extra-thoracic injury (AOR 4.80, 95% CI, 1.47–15.72) and need for mechanical ventilation (AOR 11.18, 95% CI 2.11–59.23).

Conclusion:
The mortality rate in traumatic chest injury was high. Late presentation beyond 6hr, age >50-year, penetrating injury, bilateral chest injury, associated extra thoracic injury, and need for mechanical ventilation were identified as possible risk factors for mortality in traumatic chest injury patients.

Highlights
Impaired Sexual Function in Young Women with PCOS: The Detrimental Effect of Anovulation
Authors: Mantzou Dimitra , Stamou Maria I. , Armeni Anastasia K. , Roupas Nikolaos D. , Assimakopoulos Konstantinos , Adonakis George , Georgopoulos Neoklis A. , Markantes Georgios K. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundEven though polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder affecting young women, its impact on their sexual health is not well known.AimTo examine the different aspects of female sexuality in young women with PCOS and attempt to associate hormonal changes and ovulatory status with their sexual function.MethodsAnthropometric characteristics, hormonal levels and sexual function based on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire were assessed in 76 young women with PCOS and 133 matched controls.OutcomesSexual function is significantly impaired in young women with PCOS.RESULTSWomen with PCOS demonstrated lower scores than controls in arousal (5.04 ± 1.19 vs 4.48 ± 1.44, P &lt; .001), lubrication (5.29 ± 1.17 vs 4.69 ± 1.54, P &lt; .001), orgasm (4.78 ± 1.40 vs 4.11 ± 1.61, P = .001), satisfaction (5.22 ± 1.10 vs 4.78 ± 1.31, P = .016), and total score of the FSFI (29.51 ± 5.83 vs 26.76 ± 6.81, P &lt; .001), even after correction for BMI. When corrected for total testosterone, the domains of lubrication, satisfaction, and total score of FSFI remained significantly impaired in women with PCOS (P values .037, .024, & .044 respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for the effect of BMI and hormone levels, dysfunction in orgasm, satisfaction and the total FSFI score were still 3–4 times more common in PCOS (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 3.54, P = .020; 2.96, P = .050; 3.87, P = .027). Even though no statistically significant differences were observed between women with ovulatory PCOS and controls, we detected statistically significant differences in all domains of sexual function apart from pain between controls and PCOS women with anovulation (desire P value .04, arousal P value &lt;.001, lubrication P value &lt;.001, orgasm P value .001, satisfaction P value .001 and FSFI total score P value &lt;.001).Clinical ImplicationsWomen with PCOS have compromised sexual function, which is independent of their BMI and highly dependent on their ovulatory status.Strengths and LimitationsThis is the first study in women with PCOS that implicates anovulation as a risk factor for sexual impairment in PCOS. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms implicated and to examine the effect of PCOS therapy on the patients’ sexual function.CONCLUSIONThe adverse effect of PCOS status on the female sexual function is independent of BMI and only partially dependent on hormonal changes characterizing the syndrome. Anovulation appears to be the major determinant of sexual impairment among women with PCOS.
Hedging the Price Risk Inherent in Revenue Protection Insurance
Authors: Tiwari Sweta , Coble Keith H. , Barnett Barry J. , Harri Ardian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCrop revenue insurance is unique, because it involves a guarantee subsuming yield risk and highly systematic price risk. This study examines whether crop insurers could use options instead of, or in addition to, assigning policies to the Commercial Funds of the USDA Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC) as per the Standard Reinsurance Agreement (SRA) to hedge the price risk of revenue insurance policies. The behavioral model examines the optimal hedge ratio for a crop insurer with a book of business consisting of corn Revenue Protection (RP) policies. Results show that a mix of put and call options can hedge the price risk of the RP policies. The higher optimal hedge ratios of call options as compared to put options imply that the risk of increased liability due to upside price risk can be hedged using options better than downside price risk. This study also analyzed the combination of options with the SRA at 35, 50, and 75% retention levels. The zero optimal hedge ratios at each retention level and the negative correlation between RP indemnities and the option returns when the crop insurer mixed options and SRA suggest that the purchasing of options provides no additional risk protection to crop insurers beyond what is provided by the SRA despite retention limits.
Judging and Judgment in Contemporary Asia: Editor’s Introduction to this Special Issue
Authors: Engel David M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough the figure of the wise judge may be a universal trope, respect is not automatically accorded every person who passes judgment on another. To be perceived as legitimate, judges must occupy an institutional status with the power to decide controverted cases and must have access to specialized or even sacred knowledge and moral authority. Historically, Asian judges could claim legitimacy through their connection to transcendent legal principles, such asdhammaordaoorshari’a. In contemporary Asia, however, conceptions of law and legal legitimacy have become pluralistic, contested, and contradictory. Judges may to some extent retain a connection to the sacred and the transcendent, yet that connection is no longer sufficient in itself to insulate their judgments—or their character—from criticism. How, then, can the “good judge” be distinguished from judges who fall short of the mark? In this Special Issue, five distinguished scholars explore the crisis of legitimation as it affects judging and judgment in Sri Lanka, India, China, Indonesia, and Thailand.
The Curious Case of Three Male Elders: Land Grabbing, Lawfare, and Intersectional Politics of Exclusion in Tanzania
Authors: Chung Youjin B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn 2012, three male elders in Tanzania filed a lawsuit against the government and a foreign investor for trespassing, justifying the case as rightful resistance to land grabbing. Based on ethnographic research, however, Chung argues that their action is more appropriately understood as gendered lawfare; the plaintiffs drew on their multiple positions of privilege to exclude a diverse array of legitimate resource users, including their wives. Their lawfare was not only perverse in its design, but also in its effects. It increased the uncertainties surrounding the rights and status of local people and reinforced intersecting inequalities within the “local” itself.
When Land Becomes a Burden: An Analysis of an Underperforming Zambian Land Deal
Authors: Salverda Tijo , Nkonde Chewe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFrom 2011 onward, a European agribusiness progressively purchased about 38,000 hectares of land in Zambia. Although operations have commenced on the ground, only part of the land has been developed. Salverda and Nkonde look at the reasons for and implications of this partial development, focusing particularly on how, in such a context, Zambia’s slow-moving land administration, lack of financing, and the presence of rural residents on the purchased land have become self-reinforcing challenges. Their aim is to provide insights about why (very large) land deals often fail to achieve their projected capacity, leaving both investors and local residents in limbo.
On the lifespan of recirculating suspensions with pulsatile flow
Authors: Jeronimo Mark D. , Rival David E. 
Published: October 2021

A Lagrangian analysis is performed to measure the rate at which recirculating fluid is replaced (depleted) in pulsatile flows. Based on this approach, we then investigate how depletion is affected in dense suspensions. Experiments are conducted for pure liquid as well as suspensions with volume fractions of

$\varPhi =5\,\%$

, 10 % and 20 %. Using Lagrangian tracking and pathline extension techniques, the depletion of the recirculation region is quantified via the trajectories of individual fluid parcels exiting the domain. Pulsatile flows with varying concentrations of hydrogel beads, up to a volume fraction of 20 %, are compared at mean Reynolds numbers of

$Re=4800$

, 9600 and 14 400, while the Strouhal number (

$St=0.04$

, 0.08 and 0.15) and amplitude ratio (

$\lambda =0.25$

, 0.50 and 0.95) are systematically varied. A so-called ‘depletion efficiency’ is calculated for each test case, which is shown to increase with increasing Strouhal number and amplitude ratio. For most pulsatile cases, periodic vortex formation significantly increases depletion efficiency through enhanced entrainment of recirculating fluid. Conversely, low-amplitude pulsatile flows are dominated by Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities, which do not penetrate into the recirculation region, and thus their depletion efficiency is markedly lower as a result. The efficiency trends and depletion mechanisms remain virtually unchanged between the pure liquid and each of the suspension concentrations under almost all flow conditions, which forms an unexpected conclusion. The only exception is for low-amplitude and steady flows, where increasing the suspension volume fraction is shown to suppress fluid transport across the shear layer, which in turn slows depletion and decreases the overall depletion efficiency.
Exploring barriers to social inclusion for disabled people: perspectives from the performing arts
Authors: Collins Ayse , Rentschler Ruth , Williams Karen , Azmat Fara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough the potential of arts to promote social inclusion is recognised, barriers to social inclusion for disabled people in the arts is under-researched. Based on 34 semi-structured interviews with disabled people and those without disability from four arts organisations in Australia, the paper identifies barriers for social inclusion for disabled people within performing arts across four dimensions: access; participation; representation and empowerment. Findings highlight barriers are societal, being created with little awareness of needs of disabled people, supporting the social model of disability. Findings have implications beyond social inclusion of disabled people within the arts, demonstrating how the arts can empower disabled people and enable them to access, participate and represent themselves and have a voice. Our framework conceptualises these four barriers for social inclusion for disabled people for management to change.
Influence of wild, local and cultivated tobacco varieties on the oviposition preference and offspring performance ofSpodoptera litura
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Huang Zhiyou , Yang Xianjun , Wu Shaolong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe influences of different plants on herbivores have recently attracted research interest; however, little is known regarding the effects of wild, local and cultivated varieties of the same plant from the same origin on herbivores. This study aimed to examine the effects of different tobacco varieties from the same origin on the oviposition preference and offspring performance ofSpodoptera litura. We selected two wild (‘Bishan wild tobacco’ and ‘Badan wild tobacco’), two local (‘Liangqiao sun-cured tobacco’ and ‘Shuangguan sun-cured tobacco’) and two cultivated (‘Xiangyan No. 5’ and ‘Cunsanpi’) tobacco varieties from Hunan Province, China. We found that femaleS. lituravaried in oviposition preferences across the tobacco varieties. They preferred to lay eggs on the cultivated varieties, followed by the local varieties, with the wild varieties being the least preferred. Furthermore, different tobacco varieties significantly influenced the life history parameters ofS. litura. Survival rate, pupal weight, emergence rate and adult dry weight decreased in the following order: cultivated varieties > local varieties > wild varieties. Conversely, the pupal stage and development period decreased in the following order: wild varieties > local varieties > cultivated varieties. Therefore, we conclude that wild tobacco varieties have higher resistance toS. liturathan cultivated and local varieties, reflecting the evolutionary advantages of wild tobacco varieties.