bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systems Nutrology of persons with tuberculosis identifies specific dietary profiles associated with dysglycemia
Authors: Arriaga María B. , Araújo-Pereira Mariana , Andrade Vanessa M. B. , Fernandes Catarina D. , Sales Caio , Aliaga Juan , Shivakoti Rupak , Lecca Leonid , Calderon Roger I. , Andrade Bruno B. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Dietary pattern (DP) may be associated with overall nutritional status that can alter the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease. This complex interaction can be further intricated by additional metabolic comorbidities such as dysglycemia (diabetes or prediabetes). This study aimed at identifying DP associated with dysglycemia in TB patients. A prospective cohort study of TB patients and their household contacts was conducted between February and November 2017 in Lima, Peru. Among the 269 patients, 85 were considered healthy, 48 had dysglycemia, 75 had TB and 61 had TB-dysglycemia. Food intake was collected using a food frequency questionnaire and a Systems Nutrology analytical approach was employed to identify DP associated with these groups. Potential associations between clinical factors and DP were also analyzed. Three dietary patterns were identified based on the food intake profile of the study participants. Normoglycemic TB patients more often had the DP1, while healthy individuals more frequently presented with the DP2 and persons with TB-dysglycemia were more represented in the DP3. TB-dysglycemia was mainly associated with the increased intakes of rice and cereals, fast food and oils. The identification of distinct dietary patterns involved with TB and dysglycemia may help to guide nutritional interventions to optimize patient care.
Information-theoretic analysis of complex systems modeled by two dimensional pairwise Ising models
Authors: Levada Alexandre 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Stochastic complex systems are composed by a large number of seemingly simple variables that exhibit non-linear interactions with each other, causing the emergence of complexity and non-deterministic dynamics in the edge between order and chaos. Hence, the evolution of these systems seems to be completely out of control, with unpredictable behaviors. In this paper, using information geometry as a mathematical approach to chaos and complexity, we investigate how information theory can be used to analyze the dynamics of pairwise Ising random fields along Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations in which phase transitions are observed. Our experiments indicate that Fisher information regarding the inverse temperature parameter can bring important insights, since it signalizes changes in the global spatial dependence structure. Information-theoretic curves are built to show that, despite the random nature of the system, it is possible to identify an asymmetric pattern of evolution when the system moves towards different entropic states.
Early Alcohol Withdrawal Reverses the Abnormal Levels of proBDNF/mBDNF and their Receptors
Authors: Zhou Li , Xiong Jing , Gao Chang-qing , Bao Jian-jun , Zhou Xin-Fu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveProlonged excessive ethanol intake impairs learning, memory and also causes brain atrophy. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays pivotal roles in the pathology of alcohol dependence. Our previous work found that chronic ethanol exposure altered the metabolism of BDNF, leading to the imbalance of proBDNF and mature BDNF (mBDNF). In this study, we hypothesized that early alcohol withdrawal would reverse the abnormal levels of proBDNF, mBDNF and their receptors.Method30 male alcohol dependence patients were recruited. Peripheral blood was sampled from all the subjects before and one week after alcohol withdrawal. The lymphocyte protein levels of proBDNF, p75NTR, sortilin and TrkB were analyzed by western blots and the serum level of mBDNF and TrkB was assayed by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at two different time points. ResultsThe levels of mBDNF and its receptor (TrkB) increased, oppositely the levels of proBDNF and its receptors (p75NTR and sortilin) decreased one week after alcohol withdrawal. ConclusionsEarly alcohol withdrawal reversed the abnormal levels of proBDNF, mBDNF and their receptors. The shift levels of proBDNF and mBDNF were both taken in the pathology of alcohol withdrawal.
Body Mass Index (BMI) is not a cancer risk factor for BRCA1/2 carriers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of case-control studies
Authors: Mirisola Mario Giuseppe , Galvano Antonio , Gristina Valerio , Mantia Maria La , Cutaia Sofia , Calò Valentina , Barraco Nadia , Bono Marco , Castiglia Marta , Perez Alessandro , Cusenza Stefania , Insalaco Lavinia , Castellana Luisa , Fulfaro Fabio , Russo Antonio , Bazan Viviana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 and 2 (BRCA 1/2) pathogenic germline variants (gPV) are involved in an increased cumulative risk for cancers (above all breast and ovarian cancers). Overweight/obesity is a well-known systemic condition conferring higher cancer risk too.
Methods

We performed a systematic review collecting data on Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane-Library database until August 2020. We included four case-control studies (Fu et al, Bissonauth et al, Khachatryan et al, Nkondjoc et al) assessing the risk for cancer according to different BMI strata in BRCA-positive healthy individuals.
Results

Four studies for a total of 1148 patients evaluated breast and ovarian cancer risk in a healthy BRCA1/2 population. No other tumor histotypes risk has been observed within the selected population. Pooled results demonstrated that different BMI conditions (lower or upper 25 kg/m2) were not associated with increased cancer risk (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.92–1.44 and OR 1.48, 95% CI 0.84–2.62 respectively). Additionally, no differences were reported according to menopausal status.
Conclusion

Despite the need for other prospective investigations in larger cohorts, our results suggest no BMI contribution in cancer risk in this special population, determining a new important point of view and a new potential field of investigation.
Feasibility of electronic patient-reported outcome monitoring with self-management advice and warning system in aplastic anemia and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria – a pilot study (ePRO-AA-PNH)
Authors: Baenziger Silas , Weisshaar Kimmo , Arokoski Reetta , Gerull Sabine , Halter Jörg , Rovó Alicia , Bargetzi Mario , Goede Jeroen S. , Senft Yuliya , Valenta Sabine , Passweg Jakob R. , Drexler Beatrice 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) systems have demonstrated to improve patient outcome in cancer, but have not yet been evaluated in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of an ePRO monitoring, self-management advice and warning system customized for AA and PNH patients.Methods: After adapting an ePRO system to the needs of AA and PNH patients (ePRO-AA-PNH), the application was tested by patients and their medical team for 6 months. Based on a predefined algorithm symptom reporting triggered self-management advice and prompts to contact clinicians in case of severe symptoms. Meanwhile the medical team could monitor ePROs in real-time and receive alerts of severe symptoms electronically. Results: Nine patients completed the study, showing a high adherence rate to the weekly symptom-reporting (72%), which decreased from 91 % to 53 % over the study period. Satisfaction was high: ePRO-AA-PNH was found easy to use, to understand and to integrate into daily life. Most patients (78%) would continue and all would recommend the application to other AA/PNH patients. Technical performance was rarely a barrier and healthcare providers saw ePRO-AA-PNH as a useful supplement, but missed the integration to clinical workflows and the hospital electronic health records (EHR). Conclusion: An ePRO system customized for AA and PNH was feasible to patients and their medical team in terms of adherence, satisfaction and performance, showing a high potential for these rare and chronic conditions. However, the integration into clinical workflows and hospital EHR is crucial for routine use.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04128943, October 16 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04128943
Nomogram for chemotherapy decision-making in patients with small triple-negative breast tumor: A population-based study
Authors: Chen Xin-Yu , Shao Yi-Lin , Liu Xing , Zhang Jian , Zhi Wen-Xiang , Hu Xi-Chun , Tao Zhong-Hua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Small triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) without lymph node invasion is considered less aggressive. This study aimed to develop nomograms for deciding on the appropriateness of chemotherapy for these patients.Methods: The data of patients diagnosed with T1abN0M0 TNBC between 2010 and 2016 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Clinicodemographic characteristics were integrated into nomograms for predicting overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). Nomogram performance was analyzed according to calibration and discrimination. The subpopulation treatment effect pattern plot (STEPP) was further applied to make individualized chemotherapeutic decisions.Results: Overall, 3133 patients with T1abN0M0 TNBC were evaluated; they were divided equally into the training and validation cohorts. Most tumors were grade III (62.6%) and ductal carcinoma of no special type (88.8%). The median follow-up time was 44.0 months, and 133 patients (4.3%) died by the end of the follow-up. Eight independent prognostic factors, namely, age, race, marital status, tumor size, histology, grade, surgery, and chemotherapy, were identified and used in nomogram construction. The calibration curves showed satisfactory agreement between prediction and observation. The C-indices of the nomograms were significantly higher than those of traditional TNM staging (0.701 vs 0.503 for OS; 0.691 vs 0.506 for BCSS). The patients in the training cohort were stratified into two risk groups based on the OS nomogram score cutoff (213), and the groups showed a significant difference in survival, as was further confirmed in the validation cohort. The STEPPs of 5-year OS according to the nomogram score demonstrated distinct patterns of absolute chemotherapeutic effect, with low-risk patients achieving better survival regardless of chemotherapy. In high-risk patients, a significant and consistent chemotherapeutic benefit was observed at the average of 3.7% (range, 2.0%-4.9%). Conclusion: At a cutoff score of ≥ 213, the nomogram accurately identified TNBC patients likely to receive a survival benefit from chemotherapy.
Hidden Blood Loss and Its Influencing Factors Post Cement Augmentation of Vertebral Metastasis
Authors: Zhang Shuguang , Zhao Zhenguo , Xu Libin , Xu songfeng , Zhang Xinxin , Liu Ting , Yu Shengji 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
IntroductionCement augmentation is an effective approach and can provide a temporary local control and pain relief for pathologic vertebral compression fractures (PVCFs). However, few reasearch focused on the risk factors of HBL post cement augmentation surgery in PVCFs. Hence, this retrospective research was founded to calculate the HBL amount during perioperative period, given a measured visible blood loss.MethodFrom January 2014 to December 2020, a total of 169 PVCFs patients with 283 levels who underwent cement augmentation were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical information was extracted from medical records, including sex, age, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, duration of pain, bone metastases type, vertebral location, bone lesion quality, number of PVCF(s), VAS, Tomita, Tokuhashi, preoperative radiotherapy, surgery type, surgical duration, the amount of bone cement, bone cement leakage, postoperative pathology, percentage of VHL, percentage of VHR. HBL was calculated according a linear formula of Gross using the patient’s average Hct during the perioperative course and PBV. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the independent factors associated with HBL.ResultsThe mean HBL was 448.2 ± 267.2 ml, with a percentage of 10.8% ± 6.2% in PBV. The mean preoperative Hct and Hb were 38.1 ± 5.4 and 127.6 ± 19.1g/l. The mean postoperative Hct and Hb were 34.2 ± 4.9 and 114.8 ± 17.6g/l. There were significant differences between pre- and postoperative Hct (P<0.001) and Hb (P<0.001), and 132 patients developed anemia postoperative compared with 79 patients suffered from preoperative anemia (P < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression showed that bone lesion quality (p=0.028), number of PVCF(s) (p=0.002), the amount of bone cement (p=0.027), bone cement leakage (p=0.001), percentage of VHL (p=0.011) were independent risk factors for HBL. ConclusionIn conclusion, the present study indicates that the HBL in patients with PVCFs is much greater than generally considered in OVCFs. Orthopedic surgeons should be on guard against those patients with lytic vertebral destruction, the greater amount of bone cement, bone cement leakage, more numbers of PVCF(s), higher percentage of VHL.
Rigid-compliant hybrid variation analysis using Monte Carlo interval approach for low-rigidity aircraft structure assembly
Authors: Mei Biao , Wang Haijin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To reduce downstream rework and design changes, variation modeling and analysis are indispensable in the assembly of complex products. In this paper, a rigid-compliant hybrid variation analysis method using the Monte Carlo interval approach is developed to assembly ladder structures, such as the skeleton of a horizontal stabilizer or a wing box. We first present the classical locating scheme of a low-rigidity aeronautical structure, and the contributors to the assembly variation of a ladder structure comprising locating errors and part geometric errors. Assembly variations induced by rigid-body locating errors and part geometric errors are mathematically modeled with rigid-body kinematics and the mechanistic method based on the Finite Element Analysis, respectively. And then, the two types of assembly variations are integrated into a rigid-compliant hybrid variation model. Probability distributions of the contributors are often unknown, especially in aircraft manufacturing with low production volume. Therefore, a novel variation analysis method using the Monte Carlo interval approach is proposed to compute the assembly variation, represented in the form of interval structural parameters. The assembly case of a scale wing skeleton shows the proposed rigid-compliant hybrid variation analysis method is efficient in the assembly variation analysis for low-rigidity aircraft structure.
Production of cellulase by Mucor ramanniacus using submerged fermentation and its applications in biodegradation of agro-industrial waste
Authors: Ibukunoluwa Taiwo Dorcas , Nelson Ademakinwa Adedeji , Ayinla Zainab Adenike , Agboola Femi Kayode 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study was undertaken to isolate and identify a novel cellulase-producing strain from a waste site (7°28’11’’N 4°31’24’’E), optimise the growth conditions, partially purify and biochemically characterise the enzyme. The potentials of the purified cellulase to hydrolyse the lignocellulosic component of some agro-industrial wastes (e.g. orange peels etc.) was also investigated. The best cellulase-producing fungus was identified as Mucor ramanniacus and the optimum conditions for cellulase production were pH (4.5), inoculum size (12 mm), carbon and nitrogen sources were carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium nitrate respectively resulting in a specific activity of 1423 Units/mg protein. A purification fold of 1.56 and 45.37 % yield were obtained after purification. The optimum pH and temperature were at 9.0 and 40°C respectively. The kinetic parameters were 0.63 ± 0.495 mg/ml, 20.21 ± 11.28 U/ml, 1001.4s− 1 for Km and Vmax and kcat respectively. Na+, K+, Ca+, Cysteine, β-mercaptoethanol and SDS were activators while Tween 80, Triton X-100 EDTA, Hg2+ and Ba2+ inhibited the enzyme. M. ramanniacus cellulase hydrolysed all agro-industrial wastes used. The partially purified M. ramanniacus cellulase showed great potential in biodegradation of various lignocellulosic substrates and the biochemical characteristics exhibited makes it suitable in industrial applications.
A Poisson XLindley Distribution with Applications
Authors: Seghier Fatma Zohra , Zeghdoudi Halim 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a Poisson XLindley distribution (PXLD) has been obtained by compounding Poisson (PD) distribution with a continuous distribution. A general expression for its rth factorial moment about origin has been derived and hence its raw moments and central moments are obtained. The expressions for its coefficient of variation, skewness, kurtosis and index of dispersion have also been given. In particular, the method of maximum likelihood and the method of moments for the estimation of its parameters have been discussed. Finally, two real-life data sets are analyzed to investigate the suitability of the proposed distribution in modeling a real data set on Nipah virus infection, number of Hemocytometer yeast cell count data and epileptic seizure counts data.
Role of Self-esteem and Social Support on Emotional Behavioral Problems Among Adolescents
Authors: Sahar Namood-e , Saman Maira , Sarwat Yusra , Zaman Kiran 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The present study aimed to find out the role of self-esteem and social support on emotional behavioral problems among the adolescents. The sample consisted of adolescents (N=300) comprising of 150 boys and 150 girls selected through purposive and convenience sampling techniques from different schools of Islamabad. All the research instruments demonstrate significant internal consistency (r > 70). Self-esteem and social support were found to have a significant negative correlation with emotional behavioral problems (EBP) such as increased self-esteem and social support could significantly decrease EBP among adolescents as hypothesized. Regression analysis also supported the association and demonstrated that study variables account for about 23% of variance in EBP. Findings of the study can be applied for introduction of programs to increase the self-esteem and improve the social support in order to minimize the emotional behavioral problems among the adolescents.
Unconventional reconciliation path for quantum mechanics and general relativity
Authors: Yuguru Samuel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Physics in general is successfully governed by quantum mechanics at the microscale and principles of relativity at the macroscale. Any attempts to unify them using conventional methods have somewhat remained elusive for nearly a century up to the present stage. Here in this study, a classical gedanken experiment of electron-wave diffraction of a single slit is intuitively examined for its quantized states. A unidirectional monopole field as quanta of the electric field is pictorially conceptualized. Its application towards quantum mechanics and general relativity in accordance with existing knowledge in physics paves an alternative path towards their reconciliation process by assuming a multiverse at a hierarchy of scales. Such an outcome provides an approximate intuitive guide to examine physics in general from alternative perspectives using conventional methods.
Are Routine Postoperative Laboratory Tests Really Necessary after High Tibial Osteotomy surgery?
Authors: Si Nie , Hong-bo Li , Min Lan , Xin-gen Liao , Zhi-ming Tang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the necessity and cost-effectiveness of routine postoperative laboratory tests for patients undergoing high tibial osteotomy (HTO) surgery.Methods: A prospective study was conducted and 513 patients with symptomatic isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis received HTO surgery from January 2015 to May 2020 were included in this study. The associations between different clinical factors and postoperative clinical treatment were analyzed. Finally, A logistic regression analysis was performed to detect independent risk factors for patients requiring postoperative clinical treatment. Results: In this study, 482 patients had completed the full set of postoperative laboratory studies within 3 days after surgery were included in the present study. However, only a small proportion of the patients with anemia (3.9%), hypoalbuminemia (4.1%), and abnormal serum potassium levels (3.5%) required clinical intervention after surgery. Binary logistic regression model analysis showed that body mass index (BMI), preoperative hemoglobin level, estimated blood loss and operative time were the independent risk factors correlated with postoperative blood transfusion in patients with HTO surgery. Female gender and preoperative albumin level were independent risk factors for patients who had requiring albumin supplementation after HTO surgery. Finally, preoperative potassium was the independent risk factors for patients required potassium supplementation postoperatively.Conclusions: based on the analysis, we conclude that routinely ordering postoperative laboratory studies after HTO surgery are both unnecessary and cost inefficient. However, for patients with identified risk factors, routine postoperative laboratory tests are still needed.
Impactação de dentes permanentes associado a odontoma composto em paciente infantil: relato de caso
Authors: Fernandez Matheus dos Santos , Santos Laís Almeida , Barreto Rayza Gabrielle Santos , Oliveira Cristiane Costa da Cunha , Viana Vanessa dos Santos 
Published: March 2021

Os odontomas são o tipo mais comum dos tumores odontogênicos benignos. Clinicamente apresentam-se assintomáticos e de crescimento lento, sendo divididos de acordo com as características histomorfológicas em (a) odontomas compostos, contendo tecidos dentários normais e formados por múltiplas estruturas calcificadas, algumas assemelhando-se a mini-dentes; e (b) odontomas complexos, quando presentes como massas irregulares contendo diferentes tecidos dentários. Normalmente estão associados ao atraso no irrompimento dentário. Um menino de 8 anos compareceu a Clínica Odontológica Universitaria com dúvidas sobre o atraso na esfoliação dos dentes permanentes. Uma radiografia periapical evidenciou a presença de um odontoma composto na região dos incisivos superiores do lado esquerdo, constituindo um obstáculo à erupção permanente dos dentes. Sob anestesia local, o acesso ao tumor foi obtido via intra oral e sua enucleação cirúrgica foi realizada. A análise histopatológica confirmou o diagnóstico de odontoma composto. Uma revisão de literatura foi realizada para uma discussão mais profunda da temática.