bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Diseases: Modified Risk Factors for in Women Quilombolas / Doenças Cardiovasculares: Fatores de Risco Modificáveis para em Mulheres Quilombolas / Enfermedad Cardiovasculares: Factores de Riesgo Modificables en Mujeres de Quilombolas
Authors: Da Silva Rivane Sousa , Ross José De Ribamar , Silva Auricelia Costa , Silva Nayara Cavalcante , Dos Santos Raimunda Thays Cardoso , Lúcio Raísa Rocha 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a ocorrência de fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em mulheres de área quilombola no povoado Nazaré do Bruno de Caxias – MA. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa realizado com 57 mulheres quilombolas do povoado Nazaré do Bruno, zona rural da cidade de Caxias-MA. Utilizou-se um formulário estruturado para coleta de dados, realizada de junho a julho de 2017. Para investigação foi utilizada análise estatística descritiva simples. Todas as participantes do estudo assinaram um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido (TCLE) o estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão com CAAE 53142216.4.0000.5554. Resultados: A análise dos dados mostrou que a população estudada apresenta baixo perfil socioeconômico, com predomínio da etnia negra, com idades entre 46 e 65 anos, que possuem hábitos de vida social que os tornam suscetíveis ao desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. As mulheres participantes desta investigação apresentam riscos para o aparecimento de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), os fatores relacionados a esta afirmação são baseados nos achados referentes ao cenário de vulnerabilidade em que essas mulheres se encontram. Conclusão: Nesse sentido, são necessárias políticas públicas que ofereçam atenção diferenciada a essas mulheres.Descritores: Mulher. Fatores de Risco. Doença cardiovascular.
Референция официального текста
Authors: Фролова Ольга Евгеньевна 
Published: April 2021

В статье рассматривается референция официального текста на примере указов мэра Москвы за период март-июнь 2020 г. Были рассмотрены логико-семантический и прагматический аспекты референции. Конкретно-референтные именные группы в текстах называют участников ситуации, организующих помощь населению и отвечающих за это. Конкретно-референтны также именные группы, называющие локусы заражения. Именные группы, называющие адресата помощи, не относятся к конкретным объектам внеязыковой действительности. Анализ текста с помощью программы Istio.com позволяет определить частотность лексики, а это показывает степень значимости участника ситуации для говорящего.
Так в тексте, составленном из указов мэра Москвы за период с марта по июнь 2020 г., в фокусе внимания адресанта оказывается имя существительное гражданин, что свидетельствует о направленности текста и важности для говорящего данного участника ситуации.
The United States Medical Licensing Examination: Part One
Authors: Johnson David 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), co-sponsored and co-owned by the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME), was implemented in 1992–94 as the successor of the NBME certifying examinations (Parts I, II and III) and the Federation Licensing Examination (FLEX). It is a three-step examination for medical licensure in the United States. The USMLE assesses a physician’s ability to apply knowledge, concepts and principles, and to demonstrate fundamental patient-centered skills important in health and disease and constitute the basis of safe and effective patient care. Results of the USMLE are reported to medical licensing authorities in the United States for their use in granting the initial license to practice medicine.
This article is the first in a series focusing on the USMLE program. The following article provides a broad overview of the USMLE program along with a brief description of the USMLE content, characteristics of test administration, and information on the scoring of the exam. Subsequent articles will focus on development of examination content, quality assurance mechanisms, standard setting and such administrative issues as test accommodations and irregular behavior. The intent of this series is to provide the reader with short, topical articles that collectively provide a better understanding of the nature, role and function of the USMLE in assisting medical licensing authorities in the United States.
Rotura de seudoaneurisma de la arteria uterina posterior a cesárea
Authors: Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo , Torres-Cepeda Duly , Rondon-Tapia Martha 
Published: April 2021

La hemorragia posparto es una causa importante de mortalidad materna. La rotura del pseudoaneurisma de la arteria uterina es una lesión vascular con prevalencia desconocida que produce hemorragia posparto secundaria sin causa evidente. Puede ser potencialmente mortal, si no es diagnosticada y tratada adecuadamente. La etiología incluye traumatismo vascular durante la cesárea, parto vaginal, legrado o histerotomía. Su presentación clínica tiene variedad de síntomas que a menudo se asocian con otras patologías ginecológicas / obstétricas más frecuentes, con y sin sangrado vaginal, y puede abarcar desde ausencia de síntomas hasta hemorragia posparto severa con choque hipovolémico. Para evitar la hemorragia mortal, se debe hacer un diagnóstico rápido y preciso que muestre la naturaleza vascular de esta lesión. El diagnóstico está basado en estudios de imágenes no invasivos. En casos seleccionados adecuadamente, la embolización angiográfica es un método seguro y eficaz para controlar la hemorragia en pacientes hemodinámicamente estables y debe ser una opción antes de recurrir a la cirugía. Se describe un caso de rotura de pseudoaneurisma de arteria uterina posterior a cesárea.
Sostenibilidad y gobernanza universitaria en Gabón: retos y perspectivas para la formación de maestros en la escuela normal superior de libreville
Authors: Okome-Beka Véronique Solange 
Published: April 2021

RESUMEN: La enseñanza superior desempeña un papel fundamental en el proceso de desarrollo de cada nación. En Gabón, desde de la década de los 90, el sistema educativo padece huelgas repetitivas cuyas repercusiones reducen sumamente la calidad y el rendimiento de la educación. Por ello, investigadores gaboneses como Ngou Milama (2010) o Maganga (2013) afirman que la Educación Nacional se ha alejado de sus misiones primarias. Ambos autores piensan que la crisis educativa en Gabón es el resultado de una falta de regulación de las instancias de gobernanza, lo que a largo plazo ha cedido paso a la llamada mala-gobernanza. De hecho, hoy más que nunca, frente a los objetivos del milenio (ODM), la enseñanza superior debe mejorar su gobernanza si quiere garantizar la inserción social y profesional de sus ciudadanos. En esta perspectiva, es menester pensar en una nueva forma de gobernanza de las instituciones universitarias. Ésta última debe ser más inclusiva y participativa. Este estudio pretende examinar la gobernanza universitaria en Gabón. De modo particular, la Escuela Normal Superior de Libreville va ser de terreno investigación para poner de realce el proceso de integración de las nuevas formas de gobernanza. Se quiere comprobar si la gobernanza puesta en aplicación es susceptible conducir la institución hacia su sostenibilidad
PENINGKATAN PERILAKU TIDAK BAB SEMBARANGAN MELALUI PEMBUATAN SEPTIC TANK KOMUNAL PADA MASYARAKAT PESISIR DESA PAMATARAYA
Authors: Fadmi Fitri Rachmillah , Buton La Djabo 
Published: April 2021

Desa Pamataraya adalah salah satu desa wilayah pesisir di Kecamatan Soropia dengan kondisi pengetahuan masyarakat yang rendah tentang perilaku BAB dan minimnya kepemilikan jamban yang disertai septic tank. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat Desa Pamataraya tentang perilaku Buang Air Besar (BAB) tidak sembarangan dan dapat memanfaatkan jamban yang memiliki septic tank. Metode pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian ini adalah kerjasama dengan pihak Puskesmas Soropia, pemerintah dan masyarakat Desa Pamataraya dengan bentuk kegiatan pemberian penyuluhan menggunakan metode ceramah dan pembuatan Septic Tank Komunal yang dibangun di Dusun II Desa Pamataraya dan diperuntukkan untuk 1 WC Umum dan 2 rumah tangga yang belum memiliki jamban dan septic tank. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat Desa Pamataraya tentang perilaku BAB Sembarangan (p-value=0,000) dengan nilai rata-rata pengetahuan setelah penyuluhan lebih tinggi dibandingkan sebelumnya. Masyarakat telah menggunakan dan melakukan perawatan pada septic tank komunal karena telah menyadari akan manfaat dan pentingnya Buang Air Besar (BAB) pada jamban yang memiliki septik tank.
Állami támogatások versenyjoga a vírusválság idején
Authors: Tóth Tihamér 
Published: April 2021

A tanulmány bemutatja az uniós állami támogatás tilalmat, illetve azokat a kivételeket, amelyek egy gazdasági válságban jogszerűvé tehetnek állami támogatásokat. Áttekintjük a Covid-19-specifikus soft law dokumentumokat, illetve az ezek alapján engedélyezett magyar intézkedéseket. A tanulmány végén, a szabályok ismertetését követően összehasonlítjuk a mostani és a tíz évvel korábbi világgazdasági válság kezelését szolgáló állami támogatási szabályokat.
Az Észak-Alföldi Regionális Fejlesztési Ügynökség szerepe és öröksége
Authors: Tőkés Tibor , Tóth Eszter , Nagy Sándor , Erdey László 
Published: April 2021

A regionális fejlesztési ügynökségek a rendszerváltás után kialakított magyar terület- és településfejlesztés intézményrendszerének meghatározó elemei voltak, amelyet az Európai Unió regionális politikájával való kompatibilitás jegyében alakítottak ki. Jelentős szerepük volt az egyes régiók fejlesztésében mind területfejlesztési-szakmai kérdések, mind a megvalósítás szempontjából. Működésük időszaka alatt számos sikeres projektet vezényeltek le, és emellett segítséget nyújtottak a terület- és településfejlesztés egyes szereplőinek mind szakmai- elméleti mind technikai-gyakorlati kérdésekben. Ezt a feladatot az Észak-alföldi Régióban az Észak-Alföldi Regionális Fejlesztési Ügynökség kapta, amely 2000–2016 közötti működésével elősegítette a magyar regionális politika megvalósulását és régiója fejlődését. Tevékenységét a másik hat régióban működő társához hasonlóan összességében az elvárásoknak megfelelően látta el. Az ügynökségek a jelenlegi regionális politika, valamint terület- és településfejlesztés szempontjából is fontosnak tekinthetők, mert megalapozták a magyar rendszer fejlődését, illetve elősegítették az Európai Unió regionális politikájához való kapcsolódást, illetve az uniós források lehívását. Így örökségük napjainkban is él, ezért érdemes megvizsgálni az ügynökségek kialakítását és működésük történetét. E történetet a cikkben az Észak-Alföldi Regionális Fejlesztési Ügynökség példáján mutatjuk be.
The Implementation of Lectora Inspire Application as Interactive Learning Media on English Writing Skill for Students at SMP N 35 Medan
Authors: Sumarsih  , Lubis Safrida , Sari Asrita , Rahmadani Edi 
Published: April 2021

Technology development demands the existence of innovation in education sector. Therefore, technology use has to be optimized well. The study aimed at developing Lectora Inspire application as interactive learning media on English writing skill for students and to know the application effectiveness toward students at SMP N 35 Medan. Research and Development was conducted in the study. There were some steps conducted such as, preliminary, developing, and evaluating. The subject of the study was 30 students of seventh, eighth, and ninth grade students at SMP N 35 Medan chosen randomly. The techniques of collecting data were documentation, interview and questionnaire. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The result of the study showed that Lectora Inspire application was an appropriate interactive learning media on writing for students at SMP N 35 Medan. Since the interactive learning media had been validated by some experts and got the average percentage 95% categorized excellent. In addition, the result of the study showed that there was the students’ improvement on writing skill related to genres which meant that the media was effective media in learning writing at SMP N 35 Medan.
National and Cosmopolitan Elements of Chinese Film Forever Young and Cross-Cultural Communication
Authors: Zheng Yuan , Jing Hua 
Published: April 2021

As an "atypical" historical film released in recent years, the film Forever Young gives up the usual grand narrative angle and pays attention to the small potatoes. It pieces together and links the hundred-year history of China's struggle and self-improvement through a "messy" and "broken" cross-narrative method and a consistent theme of "being true to yourself”. This paper analyzes the national and cosmopolitan elements reflected in the film and explores the acceptance in both domestic and foreign markets, indicating the weakness of contemporary Chinese films in the process of cross-cultural communication. It has been found out that the elements of nationalism are mainly embodied in three aspects, hundred years historical changes of China, oriental core values and oriental implicit artistic style and that the elements of cosmopolitanism are reflected in its narrative techniques, characterization and the theme.Based on the analysis of the weakness of this film in cross-cultural communication, this paper suggests that it should avoid dealing with sensitive topics and obscure values for better cross-cultural communication effects.
Indonesian Dishes in the English Target Novel
Authors: Zulkifli Mahmud Erlina , Taufik Ampera  , Inu Isnaeni Sidiq  
Published: April 2021

This article discusses how Indonesian dishes in an Indonesian source novel are translated into the English target novel. The ingredients of the dishes may be universal as they can be found in any other dishes all over the world but the names given to the dishes can be very unique. This uniqueness in Translation Studies may lead to a case of untranslatability as it has no direct equivalence or no one-to-one equivalence known as non-equivalence. For this non-equivalence case Baker proposes 8 translation strategies under the name of translation strategy for non-equivalence at word level used by professional translators. What strategies are used in translating the Indonesian dishes based on Baker’s taxonomy and what semantic components are involved in the English equivalences are the objectives of this research. Using a mixed method; descriptive, contrastive, qualitative methods, the phenomena found in the source novel and in the target novel are compared, then documented into a description just the way they are, then analyzed to be identified according to the objectives of the research. The results show that not all translation strategies are used in translating the Indonesian dishes in the novel and the semantic components involved in the English equivalences are mostly ingredients then followed by process, performance, and taste.
The Applicability Scope of (L1) in The Teaching-Learning of The Skills, Sub-skills and Components of (L2): The role of (L1)-translation as A Vehicle Technique to Carry Out such A Scope
Authors: Jabsheh Abd-AL-Hameed Mustafa Mahmoud 
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was twofold: First, I will identify the domains of the applicability scope of (L1) in the teaching–learning of skills, sub-skills and components of (L2). Second, I will find out the technique employed to carry out such an applicability scope of (L1) in the teaching-learning of skills, sub-skills and components of (L2). To achieve the purpose of this study, the researcher followed an argumentative analytical methodology while digging throughout the available related literature that was presented and arranged into a relative chronological format. Findings of this study indicate that those skills, sub-skills and components of (L2) , which can be taught or learnt within such an applicability scope of (L1) , are surprisingly very limited and not as wide as they thought to be because they constitute only (6) out of the sum of (37) other applications of this applicability scope which were categorized into two other domains of the (L1) applicability scope: the first constitutes (11) domains that are indirectly related to the teaching –learning of skills, sub-skills and components of (L2), and the second domain represents the sum of (20) other applications that are remotely and barely connected with the teaching –learning of skills, sub-skills and components of (L2). Findings of this study also indicate that (L1)-translation technique is the central, if not the lone, vehicle to be enhanced in order to implement such an applicability scope of (L1) in the teaching –learning of skills, sub-skills and components of (L2); in addition, this study concluded that (L1)-translation is practically enhanced as a method of assessment and testing to evaluate students or learners' achievement in (L2). As a result, this study came out with various related recommendations.
Multimodal Stylistics in Graphic Novel: Understanding the Visual Language Syntax in Art Spiegelman’s Maus
Authors: Rajkhowa Baishalee 
Published: April 2021

Maus (2003) by Art Spiegelman is a graphic novel of unfolding his father, Vladek's, World War II ordeal and how he survived the holocaust. It is a gripping story of Spiegelman's own parents' experience in Poland during 1930s when Nazis invaded and persecuted the Jews. With a broken language, gaps in communication and visual strategy, Maus takes the readers across Europe unravelling the experiences of World War II and the Nazi Concentration camps. The characters are depicted as anthromorphic animals; the Nazis as cats, the Jews as mice and the Polish as pigs. It can be named as an autobiography or a memoir featuring a metareferential frame story with an author as narrator (Art) who tells his father (Vladek) that he wishes to write a comic book and so incited him to tell about " his life in Poland and the war" (Spiegelman, 2003). A graphic novel is written in a comic strip format which uses a combination of text and illustration in order to tell a story. The linguistic elements in a graphic narration are important as words and images cannot be analysed in similar terms. Multimodal stylistics represents this in the light of lexical and grammatical aspects of the verbal language. Maus (2003) represents a story of the holocaust and the traumatic experiences of Vladek. It is a heteroglossic text with the presence of foreign languages and an authorial voice. The novel not only gives a different meaning but also an altogether different perspective to the verbal and visual significance.
A Study of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in EFL Reading of High, Middle and Low Vocabulary Achievers of Thai Tertiary Students
Authors: Srimanee Jarinya , Ruangnoi Kritchada , Abidin Mohamad Jafre Bin Zainol 
Published: April 2021

This research investigated vocabulary acquisition (VA) and vocabulary learning strategies (VLS) use of Thai EFL graduates of a government university in southern Thailand through English narrative readings that inserted fifteen target words into each reading text. The main purpose of the reading treatment was reading comprehension skills. The study also examined implications for EFL vocabulary learning and teaching in Thai context. The sample of fifteen Thai EFL graduates was selected from one group of 40 first year students majoring in Accountancy from a southern Thailand government university. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview. The interview session was used to elicit information about their VLS use and vocabulary learning experiences. The interview forms after the reading treatment provided a greater insight into the interviewing process behind the participants’ VLS selection and showed how they deduced word meanings of unfamiliar English vocabulary in the narrative reading tasks. Research findings showed that Thai EFL learners in this study apparently show a greater preference for the translation, metacognitive regulation, memory and cognitive strategies than for the determination, metacognitive and social strategies. The findings demonstrate the indirect influence of learners’ previous English vocabulary learning on their English language skill development. In addition, this study suggests a close link between vocabulary learning strategy selection, vocabulary knowledge and language skill development in EFL context, especially southern Thailand.
Translation Strategies of Idiomatic Expressions in The Novel Edensor
Authors: Premasari Alfiana Asti , Widodo Pratomo 
Published: April 2021

The objective of this research is to investigate (describe) the strategies in translating idiomatic expressions in the Novel Edensor and the problems on the translation process. As a result, the similarities of the idioms of the source text and the target text were found. Besides, this study was aimed at improving the knowledge about idiom varieties between the source text and target text. This is a qualitative study. It is a hermeneutic study that is an approach which concerns with social issues on written words. The non-participant observation was the technique to collect data. The technique for analyzing the data was translational identity method and the referential identity method. It was also the technique to measure the validity and reliability of the data. The data were identified, classified, and categorized based on the types of idioms and the translation techniques. The findings were 120 expressions identified in the novel, however, the translator found 25% of expressions, and 75% of them were translated, with five translation procedures: similar meaning and dissimilar form was the procedure that mostly applied in the novel of 47.25%, dissimilar meaning and the similar form of 35.16%, and 13.18% of paraphrasing technique 3.29% was of omission, and 1.09% of borrowing. The procedure that was implemented gave an impact on the type of idioms. The specific procedures were applied to keep the originality of the source text information and the credibility of the translator. The translation strategy was communicative. It was supported by rearrangement in some chapters and topics.
Customization and Contextual Teaching Approach Efficiency in Promoting English Proficiency among Saudi EFL Learners
Authors: Elandeef Elsadig Ali Elsadig , Ayman Hamad Elneil Hamdan Ayman Hamad Elneil Hamdan 
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the proper implementation of customization and contextual teaching approach in fostering English proficiency among King Khalid University’s students studying English as an intensive course. The study aims to implement customization and contextual teaching approach in teaching the English language as an intensive course at King Khalid University and inculcate the tendency to activate updated teaching approaches to assimilate Saudi learners’ attention in English class. To achieve the aim of the study, the researcher employed the descriptive analytic method. The subjects of the study consisted of 50 EFL teachers drawn from King Khalid University. The study showed that customization and contextual teaching approach grasp Saudi students’ attention, satisfy their needs and preferences, and consider their learning styles. Moreover, the study has concluded that the students’ needs, preferences, and learning styles are the milestone of the learning process's success. The study concluded that consideration of students’ needs, preferences, learning styles and correlating them to social life setting play a crucial role in facilitating learning the English language.