bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using co-design to develop an online intervention for families after a sudden cardiac death in the young
Authors: Yeates L , Gardner K , Do J , Van Den Heuvel L , Fleming G , Semsarian C , Mcewen A , Adlard L , Ingles J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): National Heart Foundation of Australia / NHMRC Co-funded Post Graduate Scholarship

Introduction
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a devastating complication of many genetic heart diseases. The psychological impact on surviving family members is significant and lifelong. Previous needs analysis found medical and psychological needs are of high importance but remain unmet in some cases. Co-design is an increasingly popular research method for the development of interventions and services that include users as contributing members of the research team. Previous research has shown co-design leads to innovative ideas that better address user needs.

Purpose
To use co-design to develop an online support intervention for families after SCD.

Methods
Semi-structured moderated online focus groups were held with key stakeholders, including family members who had experienced young SCD, healthcare professionals and researchers. Guided discussions were used to co-design an online support intervention. Thematic analysis of discussions and iterative feedback on draft materials guided content development.

Results
Four focus groups were held (average 11 participants per group). Stakeholder involvement facilitated development of high-level ideas and priority issues. Key benefits included creative content and materials developed based on user preference for stories, narratives and information reflecting everyday experience of families navigating the legal and medical processes surrounding SCD, normalising and supporting grief responses in the context of family relationships, and fostering hope.

Conclusion
Co-design supported creative presentation, tailoring of information and development of psychosocial interventions to meet the needs of SCD families. Further work is needed to pilot and trial the intervention, prior to it becoming a key resource in the care of these families.
Effect of an exercise-based intervention on physical function of frail elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Ruescas-Nicolau MA , Sastre-Arbona C , Alabadi-Pardines B , Gonzalez-Timoneda A , Sanchis J , Ruiz-Ros V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): This work was supported by grants from CIBER CV, Madrid, Spain [grant number 16/11/00420] and Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER, Madrid, Spain

Background
Frail elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases are vulnerable and more likely to experience physical function decline. Of the interventions that have shown some efficacy in the management of frailty, exercise is the only treatment found to consistently improve physical function. Since the number of older persons with cardiac diseases is gradually increasing, understanding how therapeutic exercise might be successfully prescribed to prevent, or at least to reduce, the gradual decline in physical function in frail elderly patients, is a relevant issue.

Purpose
To evaluate the effect of an exercise-based intervention on performance-based measures of physical function in frail elderly patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods
A pretest-posttest design study was carried out. A cohort of elderly patients (age ≥70 years) hospitalized for ACS was included. Frailty was determined with the Fried scale. Participants received a three-month structured physiotherapy intervention that included, along with aerobic training, particular exercises for strength, flexibility, balance and coordination. Before and after the intervention, physical function was assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB).

Results
Twenty three subjects (mean age 79 ± 3 years, 56.5 % men) participated. Of them, 13 were in a pre-frail status (Fried score = 1-2 points) while the other 10 were frail (Fried score &gt;3 points). At baseline, the average Fried score was 2.35 ± 1.11. After the intervention, a significant difference was found for the SPPB total score (9.26 ± 2.73 vs 10.35 ± 1.87, p&lt;.001). According to literature, this average 1.09-point increase in the SPPB score could be considered a clinically meaningful change. Also, there was a statistical significant increase after treatment in the partial scores of balance (3.3 ± 1.02 vs 3.83 ± 0.49 points, p=.005), gait speed (3.39 ± 1.11 vs 3.61 ± 0.78 m/s, p&lt;.001) and leg strength (2.35 ± 1.19 vs 2.91 ± 1.1 points, p=.006).

Conclusion
The proposed exercise-based physiotherapy intervention showed positive results in improving physical function in frail elderly patients with ACS. From a clinical viewpoint, measuring physical function and determining change over time are crucial since the deterioration of physical abilities are a strong predictor of future poor health outcomes, frailty, disability, and mortality in cardiovascular diseases.
Should cardiac rehabilitation programmes be specifically targeting sedentary time?
Authors: Henderson A , Curley J , Mcdaid D , Clendenning G , Mcglinchey D , Bayle S , Jones J , Connolly SB 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background / Introduction
Structured exercise classes and advice regarding regular moderate intensity physical activity are well-established components of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Sedentary behaviour, refers to activities typically sitting or lying that do not substantially increase energy expenditure above resting, and increasing evidence suggests adults should limit their sedentary time to less than 9 hours/day as such behaviour with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality with additional benefits likely gained sitting less than 6-8 hours/day. Nonetheless sedentary behaviours are often overlooked or are only partially assessed via self-report in CR programmes. Due to covid restrictions (lockdown, social distancing, suspension of face-to-face CR programmes) there is concern that sedentary time may further increase in this population. Thus, it may be important to effectively monitor and target sedentary time, alongside traditional advice, to minimise its negative health impacts.

Purpose
Can a CR programme, adapted to remote delivery due to covid, objectively measure sedentary behaviour in a way that is feasible in every day practice and acceptable to patients?

Methods
Consecutive cardiovascular patients attending an initial assessment (via telephone or video) on the Our Hearts Our Minds Programme for Cardiovascular Health between December 2020 and February 2021 were asked to wear activPAL (PAL technologies Ltd., Glasgow, UK), a triaxial accelerometer, on their thigh for 7 days to measure the postural aspect of sedentary behaviour. On return of the monitor, the data was analysed using proprietary algorithms (intelligent activity classification) generating a report summarising time spent sitting, prolonged sitting, step count average, number of sit to stand transitions, moderate intensity activity minutes, most sedentary time(s) of the day and percentages spent in these activities. This personalised report was shared with the patient and their goals in terms of sedentary behaviour and physical activity were discussed and agreed.

Results
59 referrals were received between mid December 2020 and February 2021, of which 52 had an initial virtual assessment. Of these, 50 patients accepted an activPAL (96% response rate). Mean age 62.6 years. The output from the activPal is shown in table 1. The average sitting time overall was 9 hours 36 minutes. The breakdown in proportions sitting for extended periods of time are detailed in table below

Conclusion
2/3 of cardiovascular patients attending CR had levels of sitting time greater than what is recommended following their IA. Measuring sedentary time beyond self-report in CR programmes using activPal was feasible in a CR programme with 96% of consecutive patients wearing and returning activPAL. Repeat analysis at end of programme will show if use of this data results in reduction of same .
How to use remote patient monitoring successfully in cardiac and pulmonary patients: a realist review
Authors: Thomas E , Taylor M , Smith A , Caffery L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Queensland Health

Background
Remote patient monitoring (RPM) is an underutilised telehealth intervention that can enhance self-management of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease and reduce acute care use. However, studies of effectiveness of RPM interventions vary widely. This study aimed to explain the variation in outcomes related to RPM interventions within cardiac and pulmonary populations. Specifically, we aimed to answer why some RPM interventions are more successful than others in reducing demand on acute care services.

Methods
In brief, search terms for remote monitoring and acute care utilisation were used across three electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL. The search, conducted in October 2020, included articles published in the last five years (2015-2020). Articles were included if they used RPM to monitor an individual’s biometrics (e.g. heart rate, blood pressure) from a distance while they are not in hospital. Realist review methodology was used to enable exploration of how, why and for whom interventions do and do not work. Outcomes were evaluated to determine contextual factors and potential mechanisms that led to variation in cardiac and pulmonary intervention outcomes.

Results
After screening, 91 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included. We found that across a broad range of RPM interventions 31 factors emerged that are likely to impact the effectiveness of cardiac and pulmonary RPM innovations. These were synthesised into six theories of intervention success: 1) targeting populations at high risk; 2) accurately detecting a decline in health; 3) providing responsive and timely care; 4) personalising care; 5) enhancing self-management and, 6) ensuring collaborative and coordinated care.

Conclusion
While RPM interventions are complex, if they are designed with patients, providers and the implementation setting in mind and with the key variables identified within this review incorporated, it is more likely that they will be effective at reducing acute hospital events.
Electric myocardial inhomogeneity and stroke: connection and specifics
Authors: Sharafutdinova R , Ruzov VI , Gimaev RH , Skvortsov DY , Belogubov PV 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background.
The inconsistency of the literature data on the influence of different hemispheric localization of Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) on the development of cardiac arrhythmias suggests the expediency of further study of the so-called "zones" of the cerebral cortex associated with electrical instability of the myocardium. It is known that dispersion of QT interval and fragmented myocardial activity belong to the markers of electrical instability of the heart and are associated with arrhythmogenesis.
The aim of the study.
To study the severity of abnormalities of the parameters of electrical instability of myocardium in right and left hemispheric stroke localization in patients with hypertension.
Material and methods.
111 patients with left hemispheric localization of ischemic stroke and 75 patients with right hemispheric stroke were examined. Hemorrhagic stroke was observed in 17 patients in the left hemisphere and in 13 patients in the right hemisphere. The average age was 58,2 ± 7,48 years. For all strokes, men prevailed (64% vs. 36%). For the first day of the stroke, all patients were evaluated for QT dispersion and fragmented myocardial activity on the device "Polyspectro-8EX" (Russia).
Research results.
Evaluation of the parameters of electrical instability of myocardium in patients with stroke revealed more pronounced disorders in hemorrhagic stroke of left hemispheric localization (Table 1). In ischemic stroke, the severity of electrophysiological parameters, reflecting the instability of the myocardium depending on the hemispheric localization, indicates the absence of differences.
Conclusions.
1.The most pronounced disturbances in the parameters of electrical stability of the myocardium is observed in hemorrhagic stroke.
2.The severity of myocardial electrical instability in ischemic stroke is not associated with the localization of the focus.
Occurrence of professional burnout and severity of depressive symptoms among cardiac nurses: A prospective and observational study
Authors: Larysz A , Prokopowicz A , Zakliczynski M , Uchmanowicz I 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
Depression impacts 14% of the adult population in the European Union, and it is known to impact work performance. Nurses with depression are not only likely to suffer themselves, but their illness may have an impact on their coworkers and potentially the quality of care they provide.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression in a sample of hospital-employed cardiac nurses to determine if burnout is associated with depression.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey design of 400 registered nurses was used. Measures included individual characteristics, workplace characteristics, burnout and depression using the standardized instruments: the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Patient Health Questionaire-9 (PHQ-9).

Results
The level of professional burnout (MBI) showed high levels of emotional exhaustion (EE) in 53.25% of nurses, high depersonalization (DEP) in 52.50%, and low personal accomplishment (PA) in 72.75%. PHQ-9 and BDI were shown to correlate significantly and positively with all three MBI subscales (p &lt; 0.05). Data analysis demonstrated a high depressive symptom rate and a high occupational burnout which had significant relationships with depression (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
Nurses play an important role in health care system; therefore, it is very important to recognize the symptoms of occupational burnout and depression. The prevalence of nurses with depression and professional burnout is high and may negatively affect the quality of patient care.
Associations between density and quality of health promotion programmes and built environment features across Jerusalem
Authors: Besor Omri , Paltiel Ora , Manor Orly , Donchin Milka , Rauch Orly , Kaufman-Shriqui Vered 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Health promotion programmes (HPPs) have the potential to influence individual health, depending on their quality and characteristics. Little is known about how they interact with built environment features and neighbourhood demographics in cities with substantial health disparities.

Methods
Using the European Quality Instrument for Health Promotion (EQUIHP), we assessed the quality of HPPs, operating between 2016 and 2017, among adults aged 18–75 in Jerusalem. Areas were characterized by ethnicity and area socioeconomic level. Health information (body mass index, physical activity level) was obtained from the city profile survey. Geospatial information on the location and length of walking paths and bicycle lanes was obtained. Spearman correlations were used to assess associations among variables.

Results
Ninety-three HPPs operating in 349 locations in Jerusalem were identified. Programmes were unevenly distributed across urban planning areas (UPAs), with the highest density observed in the southwest, areas populated mainly by non-orthodox Jewish residents. However, the best performing HPPs based on EQUIHP score were in the north and east UPAs, inhabited primarily by Arab residents. At a neighbourhood level, characteristics of the built environment positively correlated with higher total EQUIHP scores: the ratio between walking lane length to the neighbourhood’s population size (r = 0.413, P &lt; 0.001) and length of bicycle lane per population (r = 0.309, P = 0.5). Median EQUIHP score negatively correlated with the number of programmes per neighbourhood size (m2) (r = −0.327, P = 0.006) and neighbourhood average socioeconomic status (SES; r = −0.266, P = 0.027).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that higher quality HPPs were preferentially located in areas of lower SES and served minority populations in Jerusalem.
Prospective SARS-CoV-2 cohort study among primary health care providers during the second COVID-19 wave in Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Mariën Joachim , Ceulemans Ann , Bakokimi Diana , Lammens Christine , Ieven Margareta , Heytens Stefan , De Sutter An , Verbakel Jan Y , Van den Bruel Ann , Goossens Herman , Van Damme Pierre , Ariën Kevin K , Coenen Samuel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Primary health care providers (PHCPs) are assumed to be at high risk of a COVID-19 infection, as they are exposed to patients with usually less personal protective equipment (PPE) than other frontline health care workers (HCWs). Nevertheless, current research efforts focussed on the assessment of COVID-19 seroprevalence rates in the general population or hospital HCWs.

Objective
We aimed to determine the seroprevalence in PHCPs during the second SARS-CoV-2 wave in Flanders (Belgium) and compared it to the seroprevalence in the general population. We also assessed risk factors, availability of PPE and attitudes towards the government guidelines over time.

Methods
A prospective cohort of PHCPs (n = 698), mainly general practitioners, was asked to complete a questionnaire and self-sample capillary blood by finger-pricking at five distinct points in time (June–December 2020). We analysed the dried blood spots for IgG antibodies using a Luminex multiplex immunoassay.

Results
The seroprevalence of PHCPs remained stable between June and September (4.6–5.0%), increased significantly from October to December (8.1–13.4%) and was significantly higher than the seroprevalence of the general population. The majority of PHCPs were concerned about becoming infected, had adequate PPE and showed increasing confidence in government guidelines.

Conclusions
The marked increase in seroprevalence during the second COVID-19 wave shows that PHCPs were more at risk during the second wave compared to the first wave in Flanders. This increase was only slightly higher in PHCPs than in the general population suggesting that the occupational health measures implemented provided sufficient protection when managing patients.
Genome assembly of primitive cultivated potato Solanum stenotomum provides insights into potato evolution
Authors: Yan Lang , Zhang Yizheng , Cai Guangze , Qing Yuan , Song Jiling , Wang Haiyan , Tan Xuemei , Liu Chunsheng , Yang Mengping , Fang Zhirong , Lai Xianjun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Genetic diversity is the raw material for germplasm enhancement. Landraces and wild species relatives of potato, which contain a rich gene pool of valuable agronomic traits, can provide insights into the genetic diversity behind the adaptability of the common potato. The diploid plant, Solanum stenotomum (Sst), is believed to have an ancestral relationship with modern potato cultivars and be a potential source of resistance against disease. Sequencing of the Sst genome generated an assembly of 852.85 Mb (N50 scaffold size, 3.7 Mb). Pseudomolecule construction anchored 788.75 Mb of the assembly onto 12 pseudochromosomes, with an anchor rate of 92.4%. Genome annotation yielded 41,914 high-confidence protein-coding gene models and comparative analyses with closely related Solanaceae species identified 358 Sst-specific gene families, 885 gene families with expansion along the Sst lineage, and 149 genes experiencing accelerated rates of protein sequence evolution in Sst, the functions of which were mainly associated with defense responses, particularly against bacterial and fungal infection. Insights into the Sst genome and the genomic variation of cultivated potato taxa are valuable in elaborating the impact of potato evolution in early landrace diploid and facilitate modern potato breeding.
Local Environment Action on Food project: impact of a community-based food environment intervention in Canada
Authors: Aylward Breanne L , Milford Krista M , Storey Kate E , Nykiforuk Candace I J , Raine Kim D 
Published: July 2021

Summary
Children are exposed to food environments that make nutrient-poor, energy-dense food cheap, readily available and heavily marketed; all conditions with potential negative impacts on diet and health. While the need for programmes and policies that improve the status of food environments is clear, greater public support is needed for governments to act. The purpose of this qualitative collective case study was to examine if community engagement in the Local Environment Action on Food (LEAF) project, a community-based food environment intervention in Alberta, Canada, could build public support and create action to promote healthy food environments. Semi-structured interviews with a purposeful sample of 26 stakeholders from 7 communities explored LEAF’s impact and stakeholder experiences creating change. Data collection and analysis were iterative, following Charmaz’s constant comparative analysis strategy. Participants reported environmental and community impacts from LEAF. Notably, LEAF created a context-specific tool, a Mini Nutrition Report Card, that communities used to promote and support food environment action. Further, analysis outlined perceived barriers and facilitators to creating community-level food environment action, including level of engagement in LEAF, perceived controllability, community priorities, policy enforcement and resources. Findings from this study suggest that community-based interventions, such as LEAF, can help build community capacity and reduce existing barriers to community-level food environment action. Thus, they can provide an effective method to build public awareness, demand and action for healthier food environments.