bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of Wearing Grinding Wheels After Machining Sintered Carbide
Authors: Peterka Jozef , Hrbál Jakub , Buranský Ivan , Martinovič Jozef 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Solid cutting tools are widely applied in the machining of shape parts and mainly fabricated using the grinding operations. Solid cutting tools are of specific geometry and shape. The tool geometry is created by mutual movement grinding wheels and stock. In the grinding of its manufacturing, grinding wheels are worn out gradually with the grinding number increasing. The wearing grinding wheel has a significant influence on the accuracy geometry of the tool produced. The paper focuses on the wear of the grinding wheels based on diamonds, and the grinding wheels based on cubic boron nitride. The wear rate of the grinding wheels is affected by the properties of a grinding wheel, grinding conditions, and type of cutting material. A measure of the ability of a grinding wheel to remove material is given by the Grinding ratio. The grinding ratio (G ratio) is defined as the volume of material removed (Vw) divided by the volume of wheel wear (Vs). Periphery grinding wheels were used in the experiments. Cylindrical face grinding was used for the machining of sintered carbide stock with a diameter of 20 mm. The results of the experiment show that the diamond-based grinding wheels are more suitable for grinding sintered carbide.
Co-Pyrolysis and Co-Gasification of Biomass and Oil Shale
Authors: Jarvik Oliver , Sulg Mari , Cascante Cirici Pau , Eldermann Meelis , Konist Alar , Gusca Julija , Siirde Andres 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The European Union has set an ambitious goal to transform to a carbon neutral economy. The present paper focuses on thermal treatment of oil shale and biomass blends that could be considered as an important pathway for achieving the carbon neutral goal locally in Estonia. The concept of co-pyrolysis and co-gasification of biomass and oil shale offers various advantages such as higher liquid product yield and higher char conversion than if the oil shale and biomass particles were processed individually. In the paper, an overview of the planned actions for merging oil shale industry carbon neutral economy is given. The selected approaches are justified with information found in scientific literature and initial experimental results. Further, the possible future developments for gasification and pyrolysis in Estonia are also highlighted.
’Civilising’ the Transitional Generation: The Politics of Civic Education in Post-Communist Romania
Authors: Rusu Mihai Stelian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The paper examines the introduction of civic education in post-communist Romania as an educational means of civilising in a democratic ethos the children of the transition. Particularly close analytical attention is paid to a) the political context that shaped the decision to introduce civic education, b) the radical changes in both content and end purpose of civics brought about by educational policies adopted for accelerating the country’s efforts of integrating into the Euro-Atlantic structures (NATO and the European Union), and c) the actual consequences that these educational policies betting on civics have had on the civic values expressed by Romanian teenagers. The analysis rests on an extensive sample of schoolbooks and curricula of civic education, civic culture, and national history used in primary and secondary education between 1992 (when civics was first introduced) and 2007 (when Romania joined the EU). Drawing on critical discourse analysis, the paper argues that a major discursive shift had taken place between 1999 and 2006, propelled by Romania’s accelerated efforts to join the EU. Set in motion by the new National Curriculum of 1998, the content of civics textbooks went through a dramatic change from a nationalist ethos towards a Europeanist orientation. The paper identifies and explores the consequences of a substantial shift from a heroic paradigm of celebrating the nation’s identity and monumentalised past towards a reflexive post-heroic model of celebrating the country’s European vocation.
Bitter Leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina) Modulates Nitrobenzene-Induced Renal Damage in Rats Via Suppression of Oxido-Inflammatory Activities
Authors: Oladele Johnson Olaleye , Oyeleke Oyedotun Moses , Olowookere Boyede Dele , Babatope Oluwafeyisayo Doyinsola , Olaniyan Monisola Dorcas , Akindolie Blessing Oluwadunsin , Oladele Oluwaseun Titilope 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Renal diseases have been documented as one of the massive health challenges, ranked as the 12th most common cause of death globally. This study was carried out to assess the chemopreventive effects of Vernonia amydalina on nitrobenzene mediated renal damage in rats. Rats were exposed to 100 mg/kg body weight of nitrobenzene via oral administration and treated with 200 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 400 mg/kg BW of methanol leaf extract of Vernonia amydalina (MLVA) and Vitamin E for 14 consecutive days. Nitrobenzene significantly induced a renal injury with a significant increase in the serum levels of urea and creatinine with the concomitant altered serum electrolyte profile. Also, nitrobenzene mediated the oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation with a significant increase in the renal level of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), with a concomitant decrease in the level of reduced glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD). Furthermore, an inflammation was observed in the nitrobenzene-treated rats with the elevated level of nitric oxide (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). However, the treatment with methanol leaf extract of Vernonia amydalina reversed all the nitrobenzene-associated renal damage, electrolyte imbalance, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, inflammation and altered antioxidant defence system. Taken together, methanol leaf extract of Vernonia amydalina offers protection which may be beneficial for the treatment and management of kidney diseases or other related disorders via enhancing the serum electrolyte homeostasis, protecting the structural integrity of the kidney, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
Dialetheism and Metaphor
Authors: Rybarkiewicz Dorota 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the paper two seemingly distinct areas of philosophical investigations are brought together: metaphor and dialetheism. They both turn out to be deeply related, which becomes visible against a background, i.e. the hybrid structure of metaphor delineated in the first part. This network elicits three variations of dissonance subsequently called: (1) phantom-contradiction, which is combined with unconventionality of metaphors; (2) indexed-bound contradiction, bearing some cognitive tension but no real truth value gluts and; (3) logical contradiction “spread” between the two layers of metaphorical structure. Finally, the analysis allows for approaching a theoretically pending question concerning the influence of dialetheic aspects of metaphor upon human cognition and thinking in general.
Linguistic Challenges to International Commercial Arbitration in Poland
Authors: Cudowska Maria 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the realm of Polish law, arbitration is anything but a new concept. In an ever-developing economy, arbitration has become a useful tool in resolving disputes that are commercial in nature. The issue pertinent to the choice of language in an arbitral proceeding has been thoroughly investigated in the doctrine of international arbitration, yet the conclusions are not set in stone and are likely to change and evolve over time. As evidenced by the technological revolution, introduction of mechanical translations, and artificial intelligence (“AI”) it may seem that the challenges will be difficult to predict. Alternatively, the status quo of the English language as the number one language in the arbitral proceedings will remain. The parties can easily dismiss the linguistic and interpretative problems surrounding arbitration agreements. Thus, this article endeavors to consider the possible implications of a case scenario, wherein a party would attempt to arbitrate an international dispute with a Polish party on the basis of a contract that would be in a language that differs from Polish. Additionally, attention is drawn to the role of witnesses in an arbitration proceeding as such witnesses may speak languages that are the same, similar, or entirely different to the language spoken by the parties involved in the arbitration, as well as differ from the primary language of the arbiters. This article examines the aforementioned hypothetical case-scenario with the emphasis on relevant Polish acts of law. The research presented in this article is also focused on the examination of regulations vested in the statute of the most prominent Arbitration Court in Poland, and its provisions pertinent to language.
Narrative as a Radial Category
Authors: Badio Janusz 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNarrative is a complex and elusive category of cognition, culture, communication and language. An attempt has been made in this article with a large enough theoretical scope to consider the possibility of treating narrative as a radial category. To this end, the definition and characterisation of radiality is provided together with explanation of what it might mean to apply this term to the complex language-discourse unit of narrative. The prototype of this category involves features, functions, and ICMs. It has multiple representations with only family resemblance, involves more obvious exemplars and variable abstract knowledge structures. In particular, section one looks at the radiality question and what it might mean to think of the meaning of narrative in general. Section two focuses on centrality. Sections three to five deal with schematic representations of narrative and provide examples of extending the most subsuming schema of the Action Chain Model from cognitive linguistics and Labov’s Narrative Schema to various other types of conversational narrative, children’s dramatic plays, tactical narratives, story rounds, jokes, poems, current news articles on the Internet, images, and advertisements.
Future of Oil and Gas Trade of Kazakhstan in the European Union Context – Application of Time Series Analysis
Authors: Kabylda Alisher , Turčeková Natália , Čeryová Dominika , Belinska Stefaniia , Valentíni Filip 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Energy is a fundamental factor in cooperation between Kazakhstan and the European Union; both sides strive for energy security but understand it differently. For Kazakhstan, the European Union is the primary export market for energy resources, a source of investment and technology. For the European Union, Kazakhstani oil and gas are the most valuable energy resources of the Central Asian region. The relevance of the chosen topic is that oil and gas are of crucial importance for the economy of Kazakhstan. In the future, Kazakhstan is going to increase production with the European Union. Kazakhstan’s oil and gas industry can be attributed to one of the leading sectors of the country’s economy. The purpose of the scientific paper is to analyse the oil and gas trade between Kazakhstan and the European Union using a time series model to examine Kazakhstan’s oil and gas trade flow, in order to describe its top 5 trade partners in the European Union, also providing objective information on the results and prospects of development of cooperation between Kazakhstan and the European Union in the field of oil and gas trade.
МІЖКУЛЬТУРНА КОМПЕТЕНТНІСТЬ ФАХІВЦІВ ІНОЗЕМНИХ МОВ У КОНТЕКСТІ СУЧАСНИХ ЗАРУБІЖНИХ КОНЦЕПЦІЙ
Authors: ROKITSKA NATALIYA , TSEPENIUK TETIANA 
Published: April 2021

The article identifies the prerequisites for the emergence of intercultural communication as a subject of research, points to the priority objectives of studies in the field of intercultural communication in the European community. It considers the issue of formation of intercultural competence as a necessary factor for the process of communication between representatives of different cultures while training professionals of a new generation. The content of the concept of “intercultural communication” is revealed, the problematic issues of its formation in the process of mastering a foreign language are analyzed in the article. Knowledge of foreign languages helps to relieve psychological barriers, to be more confident while communicating with foreign partners, and be more compatible in modern world. It has been found that certain problems associated with involvement in different cultures are likely to occur when communicating with representatives of different cultures. Communication between people of different cultures is complicated not only by different languages, but also by the fact that this process is influenced by different cultural standards.
The relevance of the concept of “intercultural competence” is substantiated, various views of Western scholars on the essence and structure of the concept of “intercultural competence” are presented in the article. The authors suggest models of intercultural competence which show that intercultural competence of future professionals is an integral part of their professional activity. Different views on the formation of a personality of a mediator between cultures are considered. The definitions of “mediator of cultures”, “bilingual personality”, “secondary linguistic personality” are given. Within the concept of “secondary linguistic personality” attention is paid to its special model, which is formed in the process of mastering a second foreign language. The article focuses on the analysis of characteristic features of a mediator of cultures.
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF A HISTORY TEACHER IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONCEPT OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL
Authors: IGNATENKO NATALIIA 
Published: April 2021

Socio-political, economic and cultural changes in recent decades, multiplied by the deep social crisis that has engulfed the modern world, have affected not only production and political processes but also education. These new external and internal factors cause the need to adjust the existing conceptual foundations of training teachers to work in the New Ukrainian school, which determines the topicality of our study. The article analyzes the theoretical and methodological aspects of the professional development of a history teacher and their reflection in the semantic, operational and contextual components of the qualification component of the pedagogical skills of the New Ukrainian School teacher. The concept of “New Ukrainian School” is described as a key reform of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the state educational policy of Ukraine on quality assurance of education is analyzed.
It was found that according to the State Standard basic platform for the formation of the integral image of the pedagogical skills NUS teacher is formed by fourteen core competence. It creates a perfect image of the teacher. It is established that in the theory the teacher professionalism is defined as a specific psychological and personal production, characterized by professional competence and the ability to perform creatively professional tasks. The specification of cognitive-technological qualities are necessary for mastering the historical sciences is given, which in its content and form is based on the dual mechanism of mastering historical material in the direction from the knowledge of the historical fact to awareness of it as a part of one's own life. It is substantiated that the leading role in the teacher’s professional development is in his ability to innovate, components of which are a clear motivation and meaningful innovative position, the ability not only to join innovation processes but also to be the initiator. According to the results of the study, the updated functional component of the professional activity of the New Ukrainian School teacher directs his professional evolution towards the modernization of the established general education model and causes reinterpretation of its place and role in the native education environment.
Spontaneous regression of herniated cervical disc: A case report and literature review
Authors: Sharma Anil Kumar , Gandhoke Charandeep Singh , Syal Simran Kaur 
Published: April 2021

Background:
We have reviewed 75 cases plus our own single instance of spontaneous regression of herniated cervical discs.

Methods:
We searched PubMed and EMBASE databases (until September 2020) utilizing the following keywords; “spontaneous regression,” “herniated cervical disc,” and “Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies.”

Results:
In the literature, we found 75 cases of herniated cervical discs which spontaneously regressed; to this, we added our case. Patients averaged 40.95 years of age. Discs were paracentral or foraminal in 84% of the cases, with most occurring at the C5-C6 (51%) and C6-C7 (36%) levels. Symptoms included neck pain/radiculopathy (91%) or myelopathy (9%). The average interval between initial presentation and spontaneous regression of herniated discs on MRI was 9.15 months. Interestingly, on MRI, extruded/sequestrated discs were more likely to undergo spontaneous regression versus protruding discs.

Conclusion:
Successive MRI studies documented the spontaneous regression of herniated cervical discs over an average of 9.15 months. Although this may prompt greater consideration for conservative treatment in younger patients without neurologic deficits, those with deficits should be considered for surgery.
Iatrogenic postoperative spondylodiscitis attributed to Burkholderia cepacia infection in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Miryala Rakesh , Marathe Nandan , Mallepally Abhinandan Reddy , Das Kalidutta , Mohapatra Bibhudendu 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Pyogenic spondylodiscitis (PS) is a rare infection involving the intervertebral disk space, adjacent vertebral endplates, and vertebral bodies. PS occurs in the elderly and immunocompromised patients, and is an uncommon cause of initial and/or postoperative PS. There are only seven cases involving this organism reported in literature.

Case Description:
Here, we present a 35-year-old male who following a lumbar discectomy developed a postoperative iatrogenic PS uniquely attributed to Burkholderia cepacia. The patient was successfully managed with postoperative surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy.

Conclusion:
Rarely, B. cepacia may be the offending organism resulting in a postoperative lumbar PS.
Innovative approaches to customs inspections of participants in foreign economic activity
Authors: Gupanova Yu. E. , Lemak A. S. 
Published: April 2021

With the adoption of the Strategy for the Development of the Customs Service of the Russian Federation until 2030, one of the priorities for customs authorities has become the introduction of new approaches to the organization and conduct of customs control after the release of goods.The purpose of the research paper is to identify problematic aspects of the implementation of customs inspection technology and to substantiate innovative approaches to their implementation. The research methodology is based on the use of methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison and description, which allowed a comprehensive study of the object.The paper proposes a new approach, which provides for the centralization and concentration of control functions of customs control after the release of goods in authorized departments. This approach will improve not only the efficiency of the customs authorities for the implementation of supervisory functions after the release of goods but also the quality of customs administration in terms of creating a unified network of electronic customs offices, ensure the achievement of balance in the application of customs procedures facilitating and monitoring the implementation of foreign economic activity.The authors define the main directions for improving the technology of customs inspections to ensure the implementation of the new approach. The formed recommendations based on the results of the study can be used in the practical activities of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation.
Managing a firm in the face of change
Authors: Matskulyak I. D. , Kuligin V. D. , Matskulyak D. I. 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the publication is to study the management of the company in the context of economic changes associated with the introduction of innovations in its activities, their combinations, and taking into account the initiated entrepreneurs proper vision. In accordance with the goal, the following tasks are formulated: to achieve the company management potential, aimed at solving intra-company issues and at the same time transforming the entire market system; to identify duality of market regularity of its manifestation in modern economic environment and to propose a number of directions of its improvement on the basis of synergy of combined progressive trends introduced into production.The research methodology is based on the fundamental difference between the division of labor inside of the company and similar structures and the social division of labor itself; a well-known postulate on the commonality and features of the homotypic economic phenomena, which are the market economy and its main link – a company, organization, enterprise, etc. in the article.The results include a generalization of scientists’ views on the management of the company in conditions of change in labor, production and the economy, which occurs due to the introduction of innovations, their various combinations, into the entrepreneurial process. The company’s connection is disclosed not only with the market (exchange sphere), but also with the market economy as a cohesive whole. It is justified that both structures become the engine of economic growth. The company management itself is represented not only inside of it, but also outside, as the continuation and generation of a functioning market, market system. This is the key aspect of economic development.In conclusion, it is concluded that the management of an entrepreneurial company under conditions of change becomes the basic tool for the progress of business entities, turns into a specific rational channel for introducing combined modernization of the economy, and the search for ways to resolve the contradiction between them as part and whole, becomes the driving force of social progress.