bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Orbital Exenteration - Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Care Center in Northern India
Authors: Bhakuni Yogendra Singh , Sharma Kailash Chand , Rajappa Suhas Kodasoge , Ram Dharma , Dewan Ajay Kumar , Chand Rashika , Maheshwari Udip , Jajodia Ankush , Babu Koyyala Venkata Pradeep 
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
Orbital exenteration (OE) is a defacing procedure reserved for advanced head and neck malignancies involving the orbit. Even though it is cosmetically unappealing and associated with complete loss of vision in one eye, the procedure has low surgical morbidity and recurrence rates and should be considered in appropriate patients after adequate patient counseling. Due to relative rarity of the procedure, there is a paucity of literature, particularly in India.

Aim:
To analyze the role and indications of OE, operative details, morbidity, and postoperative complications in patients who had undergone total OE in a tertiary care cancer hospital.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed 5-year (2011–2016) data of those who had OE from our computerized database. The retrieved data were analyzed for demographic profile, operative details, morbidity, and survival rates.

Results:
Out of 20 patients analyzed, 13 were male and 7 were female. Majority of the patients have secondary eyeball extension (15/20). Most frequent indication for exenteration was tumor of eyelid origin. Reconstruction after surgery was done by temporalis flap (n = 10), anterolateral thigh-free flap (n = 6), and split skin graft (n = 4). None of the patients had any intraoperative complications. One patient developed flap necrosis and managed by flap revision. One patient had wound dehiscence and managed conservatively. At a mean follow-up of 20 ± 9.6 months, two patients had recurrence of primary disease. Mortality occurred in two patients; 1 case for disease related and another one for other medical condition.

Conclusion:
The OE has still a role and is indicated for a variety of conditions. The surgical procedure remains safe, and major morbidity is dictated by the type of reconstruction. Although skin graft is the simplest reconstructive option, many a times, myocutaneous/free flap is required in advanced cases.
Sensitivity and Specificity of Cluster Differentiation and Friend Leukemia Integration1 for the Diagnosis in a Series of Molecularly Confirmed Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors
Authors: Murthy Sudha S. , Fonseca Daphne , Challa Sundaram , Kodandapani Suseela , Arya Sahithi Shilpa , Gundimeda Sandhya Devi , Rao B. Vishal , Ahmed Faiq , Mundada Manasi , Lavanya Nambaru , Rajappa Senthil J. , Alluri Krishnam Raju , Koppula Veeraiah , Rao T. Subramanyeshwar 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a cost-effective and routinely available ancillary technique for the diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT). However, molecular confirmation is needed for precise diagnosis.

Aim:
This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the commonly used IHC markers cluster differentiation (CD99) and friend leukemia integration1 (FLI1) in a series of molecularly confirmed ESFT.

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective review of the ESFT confirmed by either fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) during a period of 10 years was done. The demographic, clinical, and radiologic data were noted from medical records. The histology was reviewed with CD99, FLI1, and additional markers, wherever performed. The sensitivity and specificity of CD99 and FLI1 for the diagnosis of ESFT were calculated.

Results:
There were 72 ESFT patients in the study period, confirmed by FISH (EWSR1 rearrangement) in 53 and RT-PCR (EWS-FLI1) in 19. The female-to-male ratio was 1.06. The median age at diagnosis was 21 years. The cases included 22 skeletal and 50 extraskeletal sites. The positivity of CD99 and FLI1 was 98.46% and 94.83%, respectively, and both were positive in 55/72 (76.39%) cases. The sensitivity and specificity of CD99 were 98.46% and 20%, and those of FLI1 were 94.83% and 28.57%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Although the sensitivity for CD99 and FLI1 was high, the specificity was low toward the diagnosis of ESFT. The combined use of CD99 and FLI1 could confirm only 76.39% of molecularly confirmed ESFT, emphasizing the need for a precise diagnosis by molecular technique.
EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collection, using a modified technique of cystotome alone without a FNA needle
Authors: Rai Praveer , Harish KC , Majeed Abdul , Goel Amit 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage for pancreatic fluid collection (PFC) involves puncture with a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) needle, followed by tract dilation involving exchange of multiple accessories, and finally deployment of stent. The procedure is time consuming and carries a risk of loss of wire access and hence technical failure. We used a modified technique with a 10-F cystotome alone instead of a FNA needle and dilators.

Methods:
We retrospectively analysed records of consecutive patients who had undergone EUS-guided drainage of PFC using a modified technique, with puncture of PFC using a 10-Fcystotome, followed by passage of a guidewire through it into the PFC cavity and deployment of a biflanged, 2-cm-long, fully covered self-expanding metal stent over it. Technical and clinical success rates and procedure time were assessed.

Results:
Forty-five patients underwent PFC drainage, median age was 35 (12–76), and 35 (77.8%) were males. The median (range) duration of symptoms was 125 (38–1080) days, while the median PFC size was 11.8 × 11 × 11 cm, and the follow-up period after stent removal was 111 ± 72 (18–251) weeks. The procedure took 10 (8–12) min and had technical and clinical success rates of 100 and 97.8%, respectively. Minor complications occurred in six (13.3%) patients, while recurrence occurred in one.

Conclusion:
EUS-guided drainage of PFC using a cystotome is a quick, effective and safe procedure. It may also be less expensive since it obviates the use of FNA needles and dilators, and is likely to be a useful alternative to the conventional technique.
Effects of the outbreak of COVID-19 on oral health-care workers (HCWs) at the regional dental center in Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsalman Wesam Talal , Alharbi Saad Mulhi , Albattah Abeer Hani , Almas Khalid 
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
Since the emergence of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19), the pandemic has rapidly spread all over the globe, affecting millions of people and resulted in over 1,900,000 deaths. During the outbreak of COVID-19 situation, health-care workers in general and dental team specifically are at risk of developing psychological distress and other mental health symptoms.

Aim:
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) on oral health-care workers (HCWs) at the Regional Dental Center in Qassim and how it affects their practice and daily life in terms of psychological, mental, behavioral manner, and social well-being.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional, single dental care facility-based study. A bilingual questionnaire was distributed to a convenience sample of 150 HCWs. The questionnaire contained 26 questions covering the following domains: (a) demographic data, (b) knowledge testing and sources of information, (c) personal precautions and infection control measures, and (d) behavioral and psychological aspects. The questionnaire was distributed through the social media platform. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were used for data summarization and presentation.

Results and discussion:
The response rate was 72%, with the age range from 18 to 54 years, with female 60% to male 40% distribution. A very high level of awareness about the COVID-19 ranging from 60% to 100% was found among participants. The main sources of information regarding coronavirus were Ministry of Health (MoH), social media, followed by the World Health Organization website. Almost 90% started regular hand hygiene and paying attention to the proper use of personal protective equipment. Almost 70% agreed to stop treating patients due to their perception of the risk of contamination. Almost 90% of them felt afraid of transferring the infection to their families. Majority of them spent their time on social media, while nearly 50% on reading and sleeping. Almost two-third of the participants do highly trust the precautions which have been taken by the MoH and the Regional Dental Center in Qassim.

Conclusions:
It is concluded that the HCWs had good knowledge and awareness about COVID-19. They are concerned about their safety and possibility of spread of infection to their families and considered to stop regular dental treatment. Their satisfaction is moderate about the safety measures provided by MoH and the center. Future research should be carried out at multicenter, primary, secondary, and tertiary care centers to generalize the findings.
Knowledge and perception regarding personal protection equipment and infection control measures against COVID-19 among dental practitioners of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alqahtani Saeed Ali , Alshahrani Mashael Obaid , Alnefaie Mona Oweidh , Almofrej Abdullah Mana , Aldaghsh Fahad Hassan , Alamri Nasser Saad , Alshamrani Sultan Saleh 
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
The lack of interest and knowledge related to personal protection equipment (PPE) and infection control measures might have a detrimental effect on dental occupational workers.

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and perception of dental practitioners about PPE to limit the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between May and June 2020 among the dental practitioners working in public and private sectors of Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was distributed among dental practitioners across Saudi Arabia using E-mails or WhatsApp software. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: (1) basic demographic characteristics (gender, professional status, type of dental setup, and working experience) and (2) knowledge and attitude regarding the use of a face mask, gloves, gowns, and personal hygiene. Descriptive statistics were performed to summarize frequencies and percentages.

Results and Discussion:
The total number of the responses received was 535 (68.8% – male and 31.2% – female). Only 17.8% knew that surgical masks are made of nonwoven fabric and that the middle layer acts as a barrier (39.8%). Regarding gloves, 57.4% of the participants agreed that latex/nitrile gloves are more reliable and durable. On the contrary, satisfactory knowledge regarding face shield, gown, hand hygiene, and infection control measures was observed.

Conclusions:
This study showed a low level of certain PPE knowledge among dental practitioners. However, knowledge and perception about biosafety, face shield, gown, hand hygiene, and infection control measures were found to be higher and adequate among the participants.
Diagnostic performance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in anorectal melanoma
Authors: Bakare Ajinkya N. , Agrawal Archi , Saklani Avanish , Engineer Reena , Purandare Nilendu , Shah Sneha , Puranik Ameya , Rangarajan Venkatesh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the diagnostic role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in initial staging and restaging of anorectal melanoma. This was a single-institution, retrospective observational study; patients for initial staging and with clinical or radiological suspicion of disease recurrence referred for PET/CT between January 2006 and December 2015 were included in the study. Diagnostic performance of PET/CT was evaluated for baseline staging and disease recurrence. A total of 61 patients who were referred for initial staging were included. PET/CT correctly detected primary lesion in 57 (93.44%) cases, regional nodes in 46 (75.4%) cases, nonregional nodes in 22 (36%) cases, and distant metastases in 25 (41%) cases. The sensitivity (SN); specificity (SP); positive predictive value (PPV); negative predictive value (NPV); and accuracy for primary lesion, regional nodes, nonregional nodes, and distant metastases were 96.6%, 100%, 100%, 50%, and 96.7%; 97.9%, 100%, 100%, 93.3%, and 98.4%; 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%; and 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. A total of 24 patients were included for suspected recurrence/restaging. All the patients were treated previously by surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. PET/CT detected disease recurrence in 20 (83.3%) patients. Ten patients had recurrence at the primary site, 8 of whom also had distant metastases and 2 had only locoregional metastatic nodes. In the remaining 10 patients, there was no primary site recurrence; however, 2 patients had locoregional nodal and distant metastases and 8 patients had only distant metastases. PET/CT was false negative in 1 patient, which missed liver metastasis. SN, SP, PPV, and NPV of PET/CT was found to be 95%, 100%, 100%, and 75%, respectively, with accuracy of 96%. PET/CT demonstrates overall high diagnostic accuracy in the initial staging and detection of recurrent disease in cases of anorectal melanoma.
Somatostatin-receptor avidity of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor thrombus in porto-caval venous systems on 99mTc-Octreotide and posttherapeutic 177Lu-DOTA-TATE scans
Authors: Amoui Mahasti , Ahmadi Reyhane , Qutbi Mohsen , Asli Isa Neshandar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA 62-year-old woman with a history of abdominal pain presented with multiple hepatic lesions and dilatation of portal, splenic and superior mesenteric veins on the magnetic resonance imaging referred for a 99mTc-octreotide scan. Accordingly, similar octreotide-avid lesions were found as well as an uptake in the epigastric region conforming to the anatomy of the portocaval venous system, compatible with a tumor thrombosis. Then, the patient underwent two cycles of therapy with 177Lu-DOTA-TATE, on that the same appearance was observed. The uptake in the tumor thrombus remained somewhat unchanged, but clinically, a significant improvement of the intractable ascites was achieved.
Pandemi Sürecinde Spor Salonlarında Egzersiz Yapan Kişilerde Gıda Takviyesi Kullanma Durumunun İncelenmesi
Authors: SAMAR Ezgi 
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Çalışmada pandemi sürecinde spor salonlarında egzersiz yapan kişilerde gıda takviyesi kullanma durumu incelenmiştir.
Yöntem: Çalışma Artvin ve Kars ilinde özel spor salonlarında pandemi sürecinde egzersiz yapan gönüllü 153 kişiyle yapılmıştır. Anket formu 27 soru olup ilk 17 soru kişisel bilgi ve diğer 10 soruda gıda takviyesi ile ilgilidir. Veriler frekans analizi, ortalama, minimum maksimum değer, standart sapma ve parametrik olmayan bulgular için Ki-kare testi ve Mann- Whitney U ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların pandemi sürecinde gıda takviyesi kullanma durumlarına bakıldığında; %58.8’inin kullanmamış, %41.2’sinin ise kullanmıştır. Cinsiyete göre; kadınların %26’sı ve erkeklerin %37’si, yaşa göre; 21-30 yaşta %38.5, 31-40 yaşta %43.1 ve 41-50 yaşta %47.1’i, eğitim durumlarına göre; lise %38’i, önlisans %47.1’i ve lisans mezunlarının %40.6’sı gıda takviyesi kullanmaktadırlar. Katılımcıların %50.32’si bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirmek, %27.09’u sağlığını korumak, %26.45’i enerjik hissetmek, %23.87’si kilo kontrolü ,%23.22’si demir veya vitamin eksiklikleri ve %20.64’ü kasları güçlendirmek için kullandığını gözlenmiştir. En fazla vitamin D kullanılmıştır (n=42).
Sonuç: Pandemi sürecinde katılımcıların %58.8’inin herhangi bir gıda takviyesi kullanmadığı, %41.2’sinin ise kullandığı tespit edilmiştir. Pandemi sürecinde hastalıktan korunmak için güçlü bir bağışıklık sistemine sahip olmak gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda doğru ve doktor kontrolünde kullanılan gıda takviyelerinin sağlıklı beslenmeye yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
რატომ იძირება ასე ხშირად გემები - ადამიანის ფაქტორი ზღვაოსნობის უსაფრთხოებაში
Authors: TAVBERIDZE VAKHTANG 
Published: August 2021

ვახტანგ თავბერიძე
ბათუმის ნავიგაციის სასწავლო უნივერსიტეტის პროფესორი, ნავიგაციის კათედრის გამგე, ფოთის ნავსადგურის კაპიტანი
საქართველო, ბათუმი
E-mail: v.tavberidze@bntu.edu.ge
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-5570

მოკლე აღწერა
სტატიაში გაანალიზებულია თანამედროვე საზღვაო ინდუსტრიაში უაღრესად მნიშვნელოვანი საკითხი თუ რატომ, რა ფაქტორების გამო იზირება გემები, რა არის მისი გამომწვევი მიზეზები. გაანალიზებულია ულტრათანამედროვე ტექნოლოგიებისა და კოსმოსური მასალების საუკუნეში მრავალწლიანი სამწუხარო გამოცდილების მიუხედავად, გემები მაინც იძირება. თანამედროვე საკრუიზო ლაინერები გაცილებით დიდია ვიდრე ოდესმე ყოფილა. მათი მისწრაფება დაუვიწყარი შთაბეჭილებებისკენ იგებს პრინციპს „რაც მეტია მით უკეთესია“. მაგრამ ზოგიერთი სპეციალისტი მიიჩნევს რომ ისინი მეტისმეტად დიდი მოცულობისაა იმდენად, რამდენადაც ერთი გემის ჩაძირვამ შესაძლებელია 1000 ადამიანის სიცოცხლე შეიწიროს. მაგრამ ასეთია საზღვაო ნაოსნობის ინდუსტრიის ბუნება, რდესაც ხდება კატასტროფა ის იღებს გიგანტურ მასშტაბებს.
მართალია გვიან, მაგრამ საკრუიზო ინდუსტრიამ დაიწყო ზღვაზე უსაფრთხოების საკითხების გადახედვა, სადაც გაითვალისწინებენ წარსულის შეცდომებს. თუმცა, როგორც იტყვიან, დრო გვიჩვენებს...
სასოფლო-სამეურნეო კოოპერატივების განვითარების პრიორიტეტები და რეგულირების მექანიზმები
Authors: SANIKIDZE HAMLET 
Published: August 2021

ჰამლეტ სანიკიძე
ბათუმის შოთა რუსთაველის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი, ბიზნესის ადმინისტრირების სადოქტორო პროგრამის დოქტორანტი
საქართველო, ბათუმი
E-mail: hamleti2015@gmail.com
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1156-4840

მოკლე აღწერა
განვითარების პერსპექტივის თვალსაზრისით, სოფლის მეურნეობის საწარმოო კოოპერატივები, როგორც კოოპერატიული მეურნეობები, შეიძლება გახდნენ, პირველ რიგში, ფართომასშტაბიანი მეურნეობები, ეკონომიკური და სოციალური ხასიათის მრავალი უპირატესობით. კერძოდ, მსხვილი მეურნეობები უფრო მეტად ისწრაფვიან სამეცნიერო და ტექნოლოგიური პროგრესისკენ. მათთვის უფრო ადვილია არახელსაყრელი ბუნებრივი და ეკონომიკური ფაქტორების გაძლება, სოფლად სოციალური განვითარების პრობლემების მოგვარება და ა.შ. მართვის სხვა ფორმებთან შედარებით, საწარმოო კოოპერატივები სრულად შეესაბამება სოფლის მეურნეობის მახასიათებლებს და გლეხთა ინტერესებს. მიუხედავად იმისა, რომ სსკ, ისევე როგორც მართვის სხვა ოსფ მქონე საწარმოებში მომუშავეთა კეთილდღეობა, ყალიბდება ხელფასებისა და პირადი მიწის ნაკვეთებიდან მიღებული შემოსავლის ხარჯზე, კოოპერატივში შემოსავლის შრომითი ფორმა უფრო მკაფიოდ ვლინდება. ბიზნესის სოციალურ-ეკონომიკური პირობების დროს შეიძლება ველოდოთ სსკ-ს რაოდენობის შემცირებას ან მათ ეკონომიკურ საზოგადოებად გადაკეთებას, მათ საფუძველზე მცირე საწარმოების, გლეხურ-ფერმერული მეურნეობის შექმნას ან მათ სხვაგვარ დაყოფა-გადანაწილებას მეწარმე სუბიექტებს შორის.
კვლევის შემდეგ დადგინდა, რომ ძირითადი ფაქტორები, რომლებიც უარყოფით გავლენას ახდენს სოფლის მეურნეობის ორგანიზაციების ფინანსურ მდგომარეობაზე, არის: გაყიდული პროდუქციის დაბალი ფასები; ფასების უთანასწორობა გაყიდულ და შეძენილ სამრეწველო და სოფლის მეურნეობის პროდუქტებზე; განუვითარებელი საბაზრო ინფრასტრუქტურა; მთავრობის სუსტი მხარდაჭერა და ა.შ.
Comparison of harmonic scalpel versus Milligan Morgan technique in haemorrhoidectomy patients
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad , Abbas Syed Tatheer , Javaid Amna , Arshad Naveed , Shair Falak 
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To assess the comparison of harmonic scalpel versus Milligan Morgan technique in patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy.
Methodology: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted at General Hospital, Lahore, from March 2019 to September 2019. Informed consent was obtained from eligible 60 patients. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. In group-A, haemorrhoidectomy was conducted according to the harmonic scalpel method. In group-B, open haemorrhoidectomy was performed by the Milligan Morgan procedure. Data was assembled through a designed questionnaire and investigated via SPSS version 25. Data were stratified for descriptive statistics, level of haemorrhoids and period of haemorrhoids. Post-stratification, independent sample t-test was used.
Results: Mean age of both groups patients were 44.6±7.6 and 43.8±8.2 years, respectively. In group-A, mean operative time was 20.8±2.8 minutes, while 26.5±2.8 minutes in group-B, which was statistically significant with p-value of 0.001. In group-A, mean convalescence period was 9.7±2.9 days, while 13.4±3.7 days in group-B, which was statistically significant with p-value of 0.001. The mean convalescence period with harmonic scalpel method was 7.4 days (range 5–14, SD 3.6) versus 18.6 days (range 7–30, SD 5.4) with Milligan Morgan technique (P?0.001). This research observed that harmonic scalpel method required almost six weeks for complete wound healing, whereas in Milligan Morgan technique, complete wound healing was achieved after three months (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Harmonic scalpel haemorrhoidectomy found an advantageous method when assessing the operative time and convalescence period. Hence, Harmonic scalpel haemorrhoidectomy can be adapted as a safe and effective alternative method for treating symptomatic haemorrhoids.
Continuous...
THE USE OF BUTTERMILK IN THE COMPOSITION OF NORMALIZED CREAM MIXTURES IN THE PRODUCTION OF SOUR CREAM WITH A LOW FAT CONTENT
Authors: Skokowa O. , Chekanowa J. , Demyanets А. 
Published: August 2021

The dynamics of changes in organoleptic
parameters titrated acidity and moistureretaining capacity of sour cream with a mass fraction of fat of 10% based on normalized cream mixtures of different component composition during storage at a standard temperature (4±2)oC for 40 days was studied. The influence of buttermilk obtained by a continuous method of churning cream in the composition of normalized cream mixtures on the quality indicators and consumer properties of sour cream with a low fat content is determined.
RATIONAL PROCESS PARAMETERS OF CHOPPED SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS PRODUCTION USING EMULSIONS FROM COLLAGENCONTAINING RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Kaltovich I. 
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of research on the determination of rational technological parameters for the production of chopped semi-products using emulsions from collagen-containing raw materials fermented by bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus. Water dosages are installed in the composition of chopped semi-finished products: 12% – with emulsions from pork skin and tails and 11% - with emulsion from connective tissue. Duration of ingredients mixing (5 minutes), sequence of raw materials laying during manufacture of articles, as well as duration of heat treatment of chopped semiproducts is determined: 25 minutes – during steaming (t = 95–100 °С), 20 minutes – during baking (t = 180 °C), 15 minutes – during frying (t = 110 °C), while recommended methods of bringing semifinished products to culinary readiness are steam treatment and baking, which allow for improved functional and technological (TUS – 79.3-81.8%, weight loss during heat treatment – 5.1–7.9%),
structural and mechanical (PNS - 1413.9–1470.4 Pa) and organoleptic indicators (juiciness, appearance, consistency, taste, smell) of these products (9 points according to the 9-point system).
THE STUDY OF ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SMOKED SAUSAGES WITH THE USE OF DIFFERENT DIETARY FIBER
Authors: Germanovich O. 
Published: August 2021

Vegetable fibers from fruits and cereals are increasingly used in the food industry. Dietary fiber has the characteristic of insoluble fiber components that are technologically and nutritionally effective.
This paper reflects the use of vegetable fibers in raw smoked sausages, describes possible changes in the properties of the product and assesses the feasibility of using fibers. It was found that wheat
fiber in comparison with oat fiber, peach fiber, Apple fiber, orange fiber, carrot fiber, tiger nut fiber – allows you to produce fiber-rich products that taste, smell and texture do not differ from standard products, and also helps to increase the
moisture-binding capacity, reduce losses and increase the yield of the finished product. The product is characterized by a more dense and elastic consistency.