bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intercomparison exercise on difficult to measure radionuclides in activated concrete—statistical analysis and comparison with activation calculations
Authors: Leskinen Anumaija , Gautier Celine , Räty Antti , Kekki Tommi , Laporte Elodie , Giuliani Margaux , Bubendorff Jacques , Laurila Julia , Kurhela Kristian , Fichet Pascal , Salminen-Paatero Susanna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper reports the results obtained in a Nordic Nuclear Safety Research project during the second intercomparison exercise for the determination of difficult to measure radionuclides in decommissioning waste. Eight laboratories participated by carrying out radiochemical analysis of 3H, 14C, 36Cl, 41Ca, 55Fe and 63Ni in an activated concrete. In addition, gamma emitters, namely 152Eu and 60Co, were analysed. The assigned values were derived from the submitted results according to ISO 13,528 standard and the performance assessments were determined using z scores. The measured results were compared with activation calculation result showing varying degree of comparability.
The Effect of Al on the Formation of a CrTaO4 Layer in Refractory High Entropy Alloys Ta-Mo-Cr-Ti-xAl
Authors: Schellert S. , Gorr B. , Christ H.- J. , Pritzel C. , Laube S. , Kauffmann A. , Heilmaier M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, the effect of Al on the high temperature oxidation of Al-containing refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) Ta-Mo-Cr-Ti-xAl (x = 5; 10; 15; 20 at%) was examined. Oxidation experiments were performed in air for 24 h at 1200 °C. The oxidation kinetics of the alloy with 5 at% Al is notably affected by the formation of gaseous MoO3 and CrO3, while continuous mass gain was detected for alloys with the higher Al concentrations. The alloys with 15 and 20 at% Al form relatively thin oxide scales and a zone of internal corrosion due to the formation of dense CrTaO4 scales at the interface oxide/substrate. The alloys with 5 and 10 at% Al exhibit, on the contrary, thick and porous oxide scales because of fast growing Ta2O5. The positive influence of Al on the formation of Cr2O3 followed by the growth of CrTaO4 to yield a compact scale is explained by getter and nucleation effects.
Commonalities in Private Commercial Real Estate Market Liquidity and Price Index Returns
Authors: van Dijk Dorinth W. , Francke Marc K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe examine co-movements in private commercial real estate index returns and market liquidity in the US (apartment, office, retail) and for eighteen global cities, using data from Real Capital Analytics over the period 2005–2018. Our measure of market liquidity is based on the difference between supply and demand price indexes. We document for all analyzed markets much stronger commonalities in changes in market liquidity compared to commonalities in real price index returns. We further provide empirical evidence that space markets are less integrated than capital markets by analyzing co-movements in net-operating-income and cap rate spreads (over similar maturity bond yields). In a theoretical simulation model, we show that the strong integration of capital markets compared to space markets, is in fact the reason why market liquidity co-moves so strongly compared to returns. Our results are of interest for large private real estate investors such as pension funds and other institutional investors who are interested in spreading risk. Our findings imply that fully diversified price return benefits may be difficult to obtain, because market liquidity may dry up in all markets simultaneously, which makes portfolio re-balancing more difficult and costly.
Plasma Upflows Induced by Magnetic Reconnection Above an Eruptive Flux Rope
Authors: Baker Deborah , Mihailescu Teodora , Démoulin Pascal , Green Lucie M. , van Driel-Gesztelyi Lidia , Valori Gherardo , Brooks David H. , Long David M. , Janvier Miho 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOne of the major discoveries of Hinode’s Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) is the presence of upflows at the edges of active regions. As active regions are magnetically connected to the large-scale field of the corona, these upflows are a likely contributor to the global mass cycle in the corona. Here we examine the driving mechanism(s) of the very strong upflows with velocities in excess of 70 km s−1, known as blue-wing asymmetries, observed during the eruption of a flux rope in AR 10977 (eruptive flare SOL2007-12-07T04:50). We use Hinode/EIS spectroscopic observations combined with magnetic-field modeling to investigate the possible link between the magnetic topology of the active region and the strong upflows. A Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) extrapolation of the large-scale field shows a quadrupolar configuration with a separator lying above the flux rope. Field lines formed by induced reconnection along the separator before and during the flux-rope eruption are spatially linked to the strongest blue-wing asymmetries in the upflow regions. The flows are driven by the pressure gradient created when the dense and hot arcade loops of the active region reconnect with the extended and tenuous loops overlying it. In view of the fact that separator reconnection is a specific form of the more general quasi-separatrix (QSL) reconnection, we conclude that the mechanism driving the strongest upflows is, in fact, the same as the one driving the persistent upflows of ≈10 – 20 km s−1 observed in all active regions.
On Online Practices of Hospitality in Higher Education
Authors: Imperiale Maria Grazia , Phipps Alison , Fassetta Giovanna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article contributes to conversations on hospitality in educational settings, with a focus on higher education and the online context. We integrate Derrida’s ethics of hospitality framework with a focus on practices of hospitality, including its affective and material, embodied dimension (Zembylas: Stud Philos Educ 39:37–50, 2019). This article offers empirical examples of practices of what we termed ‘virtual academic hospitality’: during a series of online collaborative and cross borders workshops with teachers of English based in the Gaza Strip (Palestine), we performed academic hospitality through virtual convivial rituals and the sharing of virtual gifts, which are illustrated here. We propose a revision of the concept of academic hospitality arguing that: firstly, academic hospitality is not limited to intellectual conversations; secondly, that the relationship between hospitality and mobility needs to be revised, since hospitality mediated by the technological medium can be performed, and technology may even stretch hospitality towards the unreachable ‘unconditional hospitality’ theorised by Derrida (Of hospitality: Anne Dufourmantelle invited Jacques Derrida to respond. Stanford University Press, Stanford, 2000); and thirdly, that indigenous epistemics, with their focus on the affective, may offer alternative understandings of conviviality within the academy. These points may contribute to the collective development of a new paradigmatic understanding of hospitality, one which integrates Western and indigenous traditions of hospitality, and which includes the online environment.
LncRNA LSINCT5/miR-222 regulates myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Tong Xueying , Chen Jiajuan , Liu Wei , Liang Hui , Zhu Hezhong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCardiovascular diseases rank the top cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and are usually associated with blood reperfusion after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI), which often causes severe pathological damages and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. LSINCT5 expression in the plasma of MI patients (n = 53), healthy controls (n = 42) and hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR)-treated cardiomyocyte AC16 cells was examined using qRT-PCR. The effects of LSINCT5 on cell viability and apoptosis were detected by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl2, Bax and caspase 3 were tested by Western blot. The interaction between LSINCT5 and miR-222 was predicted by bioinformatic analysis. Moreover, changes in viability and apoptosis of AC16 cells co-transfected with siLSINCT5 and miR-222 inhibitor after HR treatment were examined. At last, the expression of proteins in PI3K/AKT pathway, namely PTEN, PI3K and AKT, was examined to analyze the possible pathway participating in LSINCT5-mediated MI/RI. Our study showed that LSINCT5 expression was upregulated in the plasma of MI patients and HR-treated AC16 cells. LSINCT5 overexpression significantly decreased cell viability and apoptosis. Luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pulldown assay showed that LSINCT5 was a molecular sponge of miR-222. MiR-222 silencing in AC16 cells simulated the phenotypes of MIRI patients and HR-treated cells, indicating that LSINCT5 functions via miR-222 to regulate proliferation and apoptosis of HR-treated AC16 cells. We also showed that proteins of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were affected in HR-treated AC16 cells, and LSINTC5 knockdown rescued these effects. LncRNA LSINCT5 was upregulated during MI pathogenesis, and LSINCT5 regulated MIRI possibly via a potential LSINCT5/miR-222 axis and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our findings may provide novel evidence for MIRI prevention.
Effect of replacing surface with underground rubbish containers on urban House Sparrows Passer domesticus
Authors: Bernat-Ponce Edgar , Ferrer David , Gil-Delgado José A. , López-Iborra Germán M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUrbanisation processes are increasing worldwide at surprising rates affecting wildlife in many ways: changing habitat structure, reducing resources, and modifying the distribution, composition and abundance of local biota. In different countries, urban waste collection techniques are evolving and surface rubbish containers (neighbourhood receptacles for temporarily storing anthropogenic household waste located above-ground on the streets) are being replaced with underground ones (metal boxes with steel chutes that fed into large underground containers) to improve sanitation measures, to avoid bad smells and waste scattering by animals. We aimed to detect if House Sparrows were more abundant close to surface rubbish containers than close to the underground ones. We recorded an abundance index of House Sparrows during two visits in winter 2018–2019 to point counts located in groups of both container types (80 and 85 groups of underground and surface containers, respectively) in eight towns of Eastern Spain. We modelled the abundance index according to rubbish container type, and 14 other environmental variables at four scales: container, nearest buildings, near urban features, and general locality features using GLMMs. House Sparrows were more abundant close to surface than to underground rubbish containers, which may be linked with higher food debris availability. The presence of other urban features (bar terraces, private gardens, mature trees) interacting with the rubbish containers also influenced the abundance of House Sparrows. The replacement of above-ground rubbish containers with underground ones may deprive House Sparrows resources, which could lead to the decline of this species, especially in urban areas with little green cover.
Sewage Flow Conditions in a Hydroponic Lagoon in Terms of Quality of Treated Wastewater
Authors: Marek K. , Pawęska K. , Bawiec A. , Baran J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the impact of velocity in the hydroponic lagoon used as the 3rd stage of municipal wastewater treatment on washing out of the particles suspended in the sewage as well as settled on the bottom of the hydroponic ditch. In order to analyse the flow velocity in the lagoon, 12 cross-sections were determined at points where the speed and motion of particles can change. Wastewater samples were taken in the summer month from each of the 12 sampling points (the depth of 0.1 m) and the basic physicochemical parameters of sewage were determined (BOD5, COD, TOC, TSS, turbidity). In selected cross-sections, a granulometric analysis of particles was made to determine the characteristics of suspended solids in the wastewater flow path. Based on the analysis, it was found that velocities in the lagoon during aeration can be ten times higher (0.070 m·s−1) than those assumed by designers (0.006 m·s−1). Such a large difference means that the sedimentation conditions assumed in the project cannot be met, which may result in an increase in the total suspended solids and organic matter concentrations at the outflow to the receiving water body. During the flow through the hydroponic ditch, the highest efficiency of pollutant removal was indicated for BOD5 — 88.7% and TSS — 80%, while the COD removal occurred with the lowest efficiency — 34.1%. Improving flow conditions as designed in the hydroponic lagoon technological project may increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment at the third stage of treatment.
A validation study of an esophageal probe–based polygraph against polysomnography in obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Olafsson Thorarinn Arnar , Steinsvik Eivind Andreas , Bachmann-Harildstad Gregor , Hrubos-Strøm Harald 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Study objectives
The aim of this study was to validate the automatically scored results of an esophageal probe–based polygraph system (ApneaGraph® Spiro) against manually scored polysomnography (Nox A1, PSG) results. We compared the apnea–hypopnea index, oxygen saturation index, and respiratory disturbance index of the devices.

Methods
Consenting patients, referred for obstructive sleep apnea workup, were tested simultaneously with the ApneaGraph® Spiro and Nox A1® polysomnograph. Each participant made one set of simultaneous registrations for one night. PSG results were scored independently. Apnea–hypopnea index, oxygen desaturation index, and respiratory disturbance index were compared using Pearson’s correlation and scatter plots. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio of all indices at 5, 15, and 30 were calculated.

Results
A total of 83 participants had successful registrations. The apnea–hypopnea index showed sensitivity of 0.83, specificity of 0.95, and a positive likelihood ratio of 5.11 at an index cutoff of 15. At a cutoff of 30, the positive likelihood ratio rose to 31.43. The respiratory disturbance index showed high sensitivity (> 0.9) at all cutoffs, but specificity was below 0.5 at all cutoffs. Scatterplots revealed overestimation in mild OSA and underestimation in severe OSA for all three indices.

Conclusions
The ApneaGraph® Spiro performed acceptably when OSA was defined by an AHI of 15. The equipment overestimated mild OSA and underestimated severe OSA, compared to the PSG.
Nobody left behind? Equity and the drivers of stunting reduction in Vietnamese ethnic minority populations
Authors: Harris Jody , Huynh Phuong , Nguyen Hoa T. , Hoang Nga , Mai Lan Tran , Tuyen Le Danh , Nguyen Phuong Hong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractVietnam has successfully reduced population stunting, but ethnic minority groups are being systematically left behind, limiting progress on national reductions. This mixed methods study aims to understand how policy drivers of stunting reduction differ between ethnic majority and minority communities. We used decomposition analysis to explain key determinants of stunting change between 2000 and 2010; and framework analysis to qualitatively assess changes in policy, actors and narratives that have underpinned these over decades. Our analysis shows that stunting reductions are associated with increased household wealth (accounting for 61% of change), improved access to specific health services (16%), and changes in level of maternal education (12%). Despite multiple actors involved in change and a large set of policies designed to address inequities, many among Vietnam’s defined ethnic minority groups are not finding themselves able to effectively engage with central government plans for their communities, and central policies often do not consider their preferences or limitations. This in turn impacts the nutrition of minority groups through the determinants above. Vietnam has achieved the easier portion of stunting reduction through national economic growth and sustained commitment to socially-oriented policy. In order to tackle the remaining pockets of high malnutrition, more attention, thought and funding will need to focus on marginalised ethnic minority communities. The current national development discourse aims to incorporate minorities into mainstream majority systems. This paper argues that policy should rather take into account their particular needs and preferences to address and overcome the identified determinants of malnutrition.
The Impact of Mental Health and Stress Concerns on Relationship and Sexuality Amidst the COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Zhang Yingfei , Wen Conghua , Zhang Yutong , Luo Xiaoqin , Ma Zheng Feei 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundSince January 23, 2020, the Chinese government has imposed restrictive measures including self-isolation, travel restrictions and lockdown of Wuhan city in order to prevent the incoming waves of COVID-19 outbreak in the country. However, the impact of mental health and stress concerns on relationship and sexuality amidst the COVID-19 lockdown was currently unclear.AimThe cross-sectional study was designed to determine the changes in health, relationship and sexuality among the Chinese couples who lived together amid the early stages of COVID-19 pandemic in China.MethodsParticipants of Chinese nationality aged ≥18 years were asked to complete a self-administered online questionnaire regarding sexuality behaviour and impact of event scale (IES) in March 2020. Nonrandom sampling was used for participant recruitment. Also assessed were sociodemographic data including sex, age, employment, region, sexual dysfunction, and whether participants tested positive for COVID-19.OutcomesIES score, frequency of sexual intercourse per week, quality of usual sex life, emotional bonding and duration of relationship were measured.RESULTSA total of 1,139 participants (ie, 735 males and 404 females) were included in the study. Mean age and IES of participants was 33.6 ± 9.5 years and 27.4 ± 8.6, respectively. Being male was significantly associated with increased frequency of sexual intercourse amid the COVID-19 pandemic (P = .012). Also, participants with an IES score &lt;26 were more likely to report that they had increased frequency of sexual intercourse per week (P &lt; .001) and the COVID-19 pandemic had positively affected the quality of their usual sex lives (P &lt; .001). On the other hand, participants with IES score ≥26 were more likely to report that the COVID-19 pandemic had positively affected their emotional bonding (P &lt; .001).Clinical implicationsFrequency of sexual intercourse and quality of sex life in participants who experienced high stressful impact were more likely to be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.Strengths and limitationsThis was one of the first studies to assess sexual behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chinese adults. Since participants were asked to self-report their sexual behavior, this potentially introduced self-reporting and recall bias into our findings.CONCLUSIONSOur study reported that despite the moderate-to-severe stressful impact due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority reported no significant changes in the frequency of their sexual intercourse per week, quality of their usual sexual lives and emotional bonding.
Deconstructing the urinalysis: A novel approach to diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship
Authors: Advani Sonali D. , Polage Christopher R. , Fakih Mohamad G. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The extensive use of the urinalysis for screening and monitoring in diverse clinical settings usually identifies abnormal urinalysis parameters in patients with no suspicion of urinary tract infection, which in turn triggers urine cultures, inappropriate antimicrobial use, and associated harms like Clostridioides difficile infection. We highlight how urinalysis is misused, and suggest deconstructing it to better align with evolving patterns of clinical use and the differential diagnosis being targeted. Reclassifying the urinalysis components into infectious and non-infectious panels and interpreting urinalysis results in the context of individual patient’s pretest probability of disease is a novel approach to promote proper urine testing and antimicrobial stewardship, and achieve better outcomes.
Gamification and education: A pragmatic approach with two examples of implementation
Authors: Willig James H. , Croker Jennifer , McCormick Lisa , Nabavi Meena , Walker Jeremey , Wingo Nancy P. , Roche Cathy C. , Jones Carolyn , Hartmann Katherine E. , Redden David 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Leveraging elements of game design and theories of human motivation, gamification provides a variety of techniques to engage learners in novel ways. Our Clinical and Translational Science Award created the software platform (Kaizen-Education©) to deliver gamified educational content in 2012. Here, we explore two novel use cases of this platform to provide practical insights for leveraging these methods in educational settings: (1) national training in rigor, reproducibility, and transparency and (2) attainment of learner competency (n = 7) as a gauge of curricular effectiveness across Master of Public Health degree tracks (n = 5). Data were captured in real time during player interaction with Kaizen-Education© to provide descriptive analyses of player engagement in both implementation examples. We then assessed item analysis to assess knowledge gain and competency attainment. We have just begun to leverage the potential for gamification to engage learners, enhance knowledge acquisition, and document completion of training, across various learning environments. We encourage a systematic approach to gamification applying insights from self-determination theory to learners and learning environments, a methodical approach to game design and rigorous analysis after implementation to generate evidence-based insights to maximize educational return for time invested.
Busting myths in online education: Faculty examples from the field
Authors: Guevara Katherine , Fattah Layla , Ritt-Olson Anamara , Yin Pai-Ling , Litman Lesley , Farouk Samira S. , O’Rourke Rebecca , Mayer Richard E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The shift in learning environments due to the COVID-19 pandemic necessitates a closer look at course design, faculty approaches to teaching, and student interaction, all of which may predict learner achievement and satisfaction. Transitioning to an online environment requires the reinvention, reimagining, and applying of “e-flavors” of general learning theory. With this shift to online learning comes the opportunity for misunderstandings and “myths” to occur, which may stand in the way of faculty embracing online learning and fully realizing its potential. This article seeks to address several myths and misconceptions that have arisen in higher education during the rapid shift to online teaching and learning. While not comprehensive, these myths represent a snapshot of common challenges. These are we can transfer our in-person course design to online; adult learners do not need an empathetic approach; and online teaching and learning is socially isolating. Through an appreciative inquiry framework, we present each myth in the context of relevant literature and invite faculty with varied online teaching experience to share their own case studies that illustrate how they have “busted” these myths with the goal to identify existing examples of locally effective practices for the express purpose of replication that leads to positive change.