bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stimulation of the Runx2 P1 promoter by collagen-derived dipeptide prolyl-hydroxyproline bound to Foxg1 and Foxo1 in osteoblasts
Authors: Nomura Kaho , Kimira Yoshifumi , Osawa Yoshihiro , Kataoka-Matsushita Aya , Takao Koichi , Sugita Yoshiaki , Shimizu Jun , Wada Masahiro , Mano Hiroshi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Collagen-derived dipeptide prolyl-hydroxyproline (Pro-Hyp) directly binds to the forkhead box g1 (Foxg1) protein and causes it to undergo structural alteration. Pro-Hyp also promotes the production of a regulator of osteoblast differentiation, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), through Foxg1, inducing osteoblast differentiation. In addition, Pro-Hyp disrupts the interaction between Foxg1 and Runx2, and Foxg1 appears to interact with Runx2 in the absence of Pro-Hyp. To elucidate the mechanism of Pro-Hyp that promotes osteoblast differentiation, we investigated whether Pro-Hyp regulates the Runx2 P1 promoter together with Foxg1. The present study revealed that Pro-Hyp is taken up by osteoblastic cells via the solute carrier family 15 member (Slc15a) 4. In the presence of Pro-Hyp, Runx2 is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and Foxg1 is translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. We also found that Pro-Hyp promoted the interaction between Forkhead box o1 (Foxo1) and Runx2 and the dissociation of Foxg1 from Runx2. Moreover, we identified the Pro-Hyp response element in the Runx2 distal P1 promoter at nt −375 to −316, including the Runx2 binding sites and Fox core sequence. In the presence of Pro-Hyp, Runx2 is dissociated from the Pro-Hyp response element in the Runx2 distal P1 promoter. Subsequently, Foxg1 and Foxo1 activated the Runx2 promoter by binding to the Pro-Hyp response element. In summary, we delineated the mechanism by which Pro-Hyp stimulates the bone-related Runx2 distal P1 promoter activity in osteoblastic cells through Foxg1, Foxo1, and Runx2.
Paternal long-term PM2.5 exposure causes hypertension via increased renal AT1R expression and function in male offspring
Authors: Hu Cuimei , Tao Yu , Deng Yi , Cai Qi , Ren Hongmei , Yu Cheng , Zheng Shuo , Yang Jian , Zeng Chunyu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) causes hypertension in offspring. However, paternal contribution of PM2.5 exposure to hypertension in offspring remains unknown. In the present study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with PM2.5 suspension (10 mg/ml) for 12 weeks and/or fed with tap water containing an antioxidant tempol (1 mM/L) for 16 weeks. The blood pressure, 24 h-urine volume and sodium excretion were determined in male offspring. The offspring were also administrated with losartan (20 mg/kg/d) for 4 weeks. The expressions of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and G-protein–coupled receptor kinase type 4 (GRK4) were determined by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting. We found that long-term PM2.5 exposure to paternal rats caused hypertension and impaired urine volume and sodium excretion in male offspring. Both the mRNA and protein expression of GRK4 and its downstream target AT1R were increased in offspring of PM2.5-exposed paternal rats, which was reflected in its function because treatment with losartan, an AT1R antagonist, decreased the blood pressure and increased urine volume and sodium excretion. In addition, the oxidative stress level was increased in PM2.5-treated paternal rats. Administration with tempol in paternal rats restored the increased blood pressure and decreased urine volume and sodium excretion in the offspring of PM2.5-exposed paternal rats. Treatment with tempol in paternal rats also reversed the increased expressions of AT1R and GRK4 in the kidney of their offspring. We suggest that paternal PM2.5 exposure causes hypertension in offspring. The mechanism may be involved that paternal PM2.5 exposure-associated oxidative stress induces the elevated renal GRK4 level, leading to the enhanced AT1R expression and its-mediated sodium retention, consequently causes hypertension in male offspring.
Secrecy rate optimization for SWIPT in two‐way relay networks with multiple untrusted relays and channel estimation errors
Authors: Yang Dayong , Zhang Mo , Wan Biao , Zhou Nanrun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe secrecy rate of two‐way untrusted relay networks with imperfect channel state information based on SWIPT is investigated when multiple relays harvest energy from two sources. Despite assisting in information forwarding, the relays are considered untrusted in that they might attempt to eavesdrop on confidential information. To interfere with eavesdropping by untrusted relays, sources‐based friendly cooperative jamming is introduced. A joint power allocation and time switching strategy has been studied to maximize the sum secrecy rate of the system under total block transmission duration and power constraints. The genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced to optimize the proposed joint power allocation and time switching (JPTs) scheme. In addition, two suboptimal schemes are proposed: the power allocation and time switching scheme for individual power constraints and the power allocation scheme for equal time allocation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed joint power allocation and time switching strategy performs better in contributing to the total secrecy rate of the system.
Alternativen histologischer Materialgewinnung – Wann und wie ist die histologische Sicherung mittels Ultraschall (US), Computertomografie (CT) oder Endosonografie (EUS) sinnvoll?
Authors: Möller Kathleen , Dietrich Christoph F. , Faiss Siegbert , Mutze Sven , Goelz Leonie 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie histologische Sicherung von Tumoren ist zusammen mit einem adäquaten Staging die Voraussetzung für eine stadiengerechte und personalisierte Therapie. Beschrieben werden Indikationen, technische Möglichkeiten und Einschränkungen sowie potenzielle Komplikationen der bildgebend geführten Nadelbiopsie mittels Ultraschalls (US), Computertomografie (CT) und Endosonografie (EUS). Welches Verfahren für welches Organ und welche Läsion?
Disseminated cerebral fusariosis in a liver-transplant patient: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Stropnicky Pernilla , Heß Katharina , Becker Thomas , Braun Felix 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFusarium spp. can cause invasive infection with fatal outcomes in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, invasive fusariosis is rare after solid organ transplantation. For this reason, experience and management are limited to single published case reports.We report a 65-year-old female patient with disseminated brain abscesses caused by Fusarium after liver transplantation (LT). The patient underwent LT for secondary sclerosing cholangitis after acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). After a complicated course with aneurysm and thrombosis of the hepatic artery, re-transplantation was performed after one month. Due to inadequate awakening response, cerebral imaging was performed, which showed multiple abscesses. The patient died shortly thereafter, and an autopsy showed fusariosis.
Psychometrische Überprüfung der deutschsprachigen
Version der Feedback on Physical Appearance Scale an weiblichen Jugendlichen mit
Essstörungen sowie Jugendlichen und Frauen ohne
Essstörungen
Authors: Quittkat Hannah L. , Bauer Anika , Waldorf Manuel , Braks Karsten , Huber Thomas J. , Düsing Rainer , Vocks Silja 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungNegatives körperbezogenes Feedback ist mit einer erhöhten
Körperunzufriedenheit assoziiert. Als Instrument zur Erfassung verbalen
und nonverbalen körperbezogenen Feedbacks eignet sich die
englischsprachige Feedback on Physical Appearance Scale (FOPAS), die jedoch
bisher für den deutschsprachigen Raum noch nicht validiert wurde. Ziel
dieser Studie ist daher die psychometrische Überprüfung der
deutschsprachigen Version der FOPAS an Jugendlichen mit Essstörungen
(n=88) sowie Jugendlichen (n=123) und Frauen (n=228)
ohne Essstörungen. Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen ergaben einen
mittelmäßigen Fit des Modells aus der englischsprachigen
Originalstudie. Die Reliabilität lag für alle Stichproben im
akzeptablen Bereich. Auch die Retest-Reliabilität war
größtenteils akzeptabel. Signifikante positive Korrelationen der
FOPAS mit Fragebögen zu Essstörungssymptomatik
(Kriteriumsvalidität), körperbezogenem Teasing (konvergente
Validität) sowie der erwartete negative Zusammenhang der FOPAS mit dem
Selbstwert deuteten auf eine gute Validität hin. Zudem wies die FOPAS
eine gute Differenzierungsfähigkeit zwischen Jugendlichen mit und ohne
Essstörungen auf. Insgesamt erscheint daher der Einsatz der
deutschsprachigen FOPAS zur Erfassung verbalen und nonverbalen
körperbezogenen Feedbacks in Forschung und Praxis sinnvoll.
Confining the Inner Space of Strained Carbon Nanorings
Authors: Dumele Oliver , Grabicki Niklas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStrained aromatic macrocycles based on cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) are the shortest repeating units of armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes. Since the development of several new synthetic methodologies for accessing these structures, their properties have been extensively studied. Besides the fundamental interest in these novel molecular scaffolds, their application in the field of materials science is an ongoing topic of research. Most of the reported CPP-type macrocycles display strong binding toward fullerenes, due to the perfect match between the convex and concave π-surfaces of fullerenes and CPPs, respectively. Highly functionalized CPP derivatives capable of supramolecular binding with other molecules are rarely reported. The synthesis of highly functionalized [n]cyclo-2,7-pyrenylenes leads to CPP-type macrocycles with a defined cavity capable of binding non-fullerene guests with high association constants.
Quantum dynamics simulation of intramolecular singlet fission in covalently linked tetracene dimer
Authors: Mardazad Sam , Xu Yihe , Yang Xuexiao , Grundner Martin , Schollwöck Ulrich , Ma Haibo , Paeckel Sebastian 
Published: November 2021

In this work, we study singlet fission in tetracene para-dimers, covalently linked by a phenyl group. In contrast to most previous studies, we account for the full quantum dynamics of the combined excitonic and vibrational system. For our simulations, we choose a numerically unbiased representation of the molecule’s wave function, enabling us to compare with experiments, exhibiting good agreement. Having access to the full wave function allows us to study in detail the post-quench dynamics of the excitons. Here, one of our main findings is the identification of a time scale t0 ≈ 35 fs dominated by coherent dynamics. It is within this time scale that the larger fraction of the singlet fission yield is generated. We also report on a reduced number of phononic modes that play a crucial role in the energy transfer between excitonic and vibrational systems. Notably, the oscillation frequency of these modes coincides with the observed electronic coherence time t0. We extend our investigations by also studying the dependency of the dynamics on the excitonic energy levels that, for instance, can be experimentally tuned by means of the solvent polarity. Here, our findings indicate that the singlet fission yield can be doubled, while the electronic coherence time t0 is mainly unaffected.
Water diffusion in complex systems measured by PGSE NMR using chemical shift selective stimulated echo: Elimination of magnetization exchange effects
Authors: Meikle Thomas , Keizer David W. , Separovic Frances , Yao Shenggen 
Published: November 2021

The interpretation of molecular translational diffusion as measured by pulsed gradient spin-echo NMR (PGSE NMR) can be complicated by the presence of chemical exchange and/or dipolar cross-relaxation (including relayed cross-relaxation via spin diffusion). The magnitude of influence depends on the kinetics of exchange and/or dipolar cross-relaxation present within the system as well as the PGSE NMR sequences chosen for measurements. First, we present an exchange induced zero-crossing phenomenon for signal attenuation of water in lipidic cubic phases (formed by a mixture of monoolein and water) in the presence of pulsed gradients observed using a standard STimulated Echo (STE) sequence. This magnetization exchange induced zero-crossing phenomenon, a pseudo-negative diffraction-like feature, resembles that reported previously for restricted diffusion when locally anisotropic pores are polydisperse or randomly oriented. We then demonstrate the elimination of these exchange and/or dipolar cross-relaxation induced effects with the use of a chemical shift selective STE (CHESS-STE) sequence, adapted from the previously reported band-selective short transient STE sequence, along with results obtained from the bipolar pulse pair STE sequence for comparison. The CHESS-STE sequence introduced here represents a generic form of PGSE NMR sequences for obtaining water diffusion coefficients free from the influence of exchange and/or dipolar cross-relaxation in complex systems. It has potential applications in measuring translational diffusion of water in biopolymer mixtures as well as probing the microscopic structure in materials via water restricted diffusion measured by PGSE NMR, particularly when the potential presence of exchange/cross-relaxation is of concern.
Quantification of endophyte
Authors: Abin Nastaran , Rokni Nader , Reza Shafeinia Ali , Hossein Borhan M. 
Published: November 2021

Context The fungal endophyte Serendipita indica enhances plant growth and plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Inoculum concentration greatly impacts the endophyte–plant interaction from mutualism to antagonism. Aims and methods We used both microscopy and qPCR to examine the effect of inoculum concentrations on the extent (%) and density of Brassica napus L. root colonisation by S. indica. B. napus seeds were inoculated with the fungus at five different inoculum concentrations (1–10% w/w basis). Key results Standard curves were constructed using the mean threshold cycle (Ct) and serially diluted gDNA ranging between 4.14 × 102 and 2.65 × 105 colony forming units (CFU). The result indicated a linear relationship between Ct and the log of input DNA. Variation in inoculum concentration significantly affected the root colonisation density by the fungus shown by qPCR. However, the percent root colonisation (PRC) measure was not affected and remained the same across all the treatments. Conclusions Our findings show that the qPCR assay developed will determine the colonisation density whereas PRC gives a measure of the incidence of infected roots. Also, we suggest that the optimum quantity of inoculum is a key factor for a successful interaction that impacts the plant–S. indica interaction. Implications To our knowledge, this is the first study that quantitative qPCR has been used to investigate the correlation between inoculum quantities and the corresponding density of root colonisation in S. indica.
Maternal cannabis use is associated with suppression of immune gene networks in placenta and increased anxiety phenotypes in offspring
Authors: Rompala Gregory , Nomura Yoko , Hurd Yasmin L. 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Cannabis use is becoming more prevalent, including during developmentally sensitive periods such as pregnancy. Here we find that maternal cannabis use is associated with increased cortisol, anxiety, aggression, and hyperactivity in young children. This corresponded with widespread reductions in immune-related gene expression in the placenta which correlated with anxiety and hyperactivity. Future studies are needed to examine the effects of cannabis on immune function during pregnancy as a potential regulatory mechanism shaping neurobehavioral development.
Genome-wide association study reveals genetic variants associated with HIV-1C infection in a Botswana study population
Authors: Shevchenko Andrey K. , Zhernakova Daria V. , Malov Sergey V. , Komissarov Alexey , Kolchanova Sofia M. , Tamazian Gaik , Antonik Alexey , Cherkasov Nikolay , Kliver Sergey , Turenko Anastasiia , Rotkevich Mikhail , Evsyukov Igor , Vlahov David , Thami Prisca K. , Gaseitsiwe Simani , Novitsky Vladimir , Essex Myron , O’Brien Stephen J. 
Published: November 2021

Significance
The search for genetic variants associated with resistance or susceptibility to HIV/AIDS already yielded insights that allowed developing therapeutics that contribute to dramatic reduction in AIDS-related comorbidities. Unfortunately, nearly all studies focused on European-descent populations, even though most infections happen in Africa. In this genome-wide association study we explored the genetic background of several hundred individuals from Botswana in search of associations with HIV infection. We discovered several genetic variant associations in genes implicated in HIV/AIDS pathogenesis. We also confirmed several associations reported in previous research. This study provides valuable data on the influence of human genetic variation on HIV-1C infection and pathogenesis in southern Africa, a region with the world’s largest number of HIV-1 infections.
Staphylococcal ClpXP protease targets the cellular antioxidant system to eliminate fitness-compromised cells in stationary phase
Authors: Alqarzaee Abdulelah A. , Chaudhari Sujata S. , Islam Mohammad Mazharul , Kumar Vikas , Zimmerman Matthew C. , Saha Rajib , Bayles Kenneth W. , Frees Dorte , Thomas Vinai C. 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Bacterial populations that transition to stationary phase can efficiently maintain their competitive fitness potential even when subject to various stressors that damage cellular macromolecules. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that stationary phase staphylococci that harbor damaged proteins in their cytoplasm undergo a regulated form of cell death to maintain the competitive fitness potential of the bacterial population. The activation of cell death is achieved by the down-regulation or degradation of cellular antioxidant proteins by the ATP-dependent ClpXP protease, which usually functions to maintain protein quality control in cells.
Hugin
+
neurons provide a link between sleep homeostat and circadian clock neurons
Authors: Schwarz Jessica E. , King Anna N. , Hsu Cynthia T. , Barber Annika F. , Sehgal Amita 
Published: November 2021

Significance
This manuscript identifies a mechanism by which sleep can sometimes occur at the wrong circadian time of day. Sleep is regulated by two processes, the circadian system, which confers 24-h rhythms on sleep, and the homeostatic system, which ensures an organism sleeps sufficiently. Sleep occurs at night because of circadian timing cues and also homeostatic sleep drive triggered by prolonged daytime wakefulness. However, the homeostatic system can sometimes override the circadian system; for instance, following a night of sleep deprivation. We identify a mechanism by which the homeostatic system suppresses circadian signals, allowing sleep to occur against the circadian clock. We find connections between homeostatic and circadian circuits and show that homeostatic sleep drive decreases circadian neuronal activity.
On the influence of ENSO complexity on Pan-Pacific coastal wave extremes
Authors: Boucharel Julien , Almar Rafael , Kestenare Elodie , Jin Fei-Fei 
Published: November 2021

Significance
This study demonstrates how the main wave regimes in the Pacific, in particular related to tropical and extratropical storm activity, are activated by different El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections patterns. By combining these robust relationships with the latest theoretical advances in ENSO research, a mathematical model of wave energy modulation is derived. It allows a better representation of wave extremes over a range of time scales wider than previously possible with the previous baseline understanding of ENSO’s influence on coastal impacts. This paves the way for unprecedented seasonal to monthly forecasts of coastal hazards around the densely populated Pacific basin.
The tension between global GHG emissions of animal source foods, sustainability, and food security in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Gutiérrez-Gómez Constanza , Inostroza Rodrigo Arias , José Luis Riveros 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The livestock sector faces an important challenge in the medium and long term since it must satisfy an increasing demand for animal products as a result of the increase in population and the world economy but safeguarding natural resources and at the same time minimizing the environmental contamination, especially the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions attributed to livestock husbandry. For Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), this becomes more relevant given the importance of the sector for the food security of rural communities, particularly for small-scale producers. In this manuscript, we address the main challenges of LAC in this context, from a global perspective that includes the demographic, economic, cultural, and environmental effects. The biggest global challenge for the LAC livestock sector for the coming decades is how to satisfy the growing human demand for animal protein in a sustainable way maintaining the food security of their communities. The efforts to achieve these goals require focusing on improving the efficiency of both animal husbandry and production systems. Therefore, it is necessary to implement technologies of sustainable intensification and it is urgent that those who make political decisions become aware of these issues.
Milk lactose, specific gravity and mineral of etawa dairy goat fed with palm kernel cake based concentrate, tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia), sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas L) and gamal (Gliricidia sepium)
Authors: Arief  , Jamarun N , Satria B , Pazla R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the milk lactose, specific gravity, and mineral of Etawa Crossbreed Dairy Goat (ECDG) fed with palm kernel cake-based concentrate (PKCC), tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia), sweet potato leaves, (Ipomoea batatas L.), and Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) as a source of roughage. The design of the experiment used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatment rations and four replications. Treatment formulations are as follow A). 100% basal ration (BR); B). 50% BR + 50% Concentrate Based Palm Kernel Cake (CPKC) + tithonia; C). 50% BR+ % CPKCC + sweet potato leaves; D).50% BR + 50% CPKC + Gamal (Gliricidia sepium). The ratio of concentrate and roughage is 50:50. The concentrate ratio consists of 30% palm kernel cake, 40% tofu waste, 20% rice bran, 9 % corn, and 1% mineral. The parameters were milk lactose, specific gravity, and mineral of milk. Data were analysed by Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) and DMRT (Duncans Multiple Range Test) according to Steel and Torrie (2002). The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on lactose, specific gravity, and mineral of milk. From this study, it can be concluded that the use of PKC, titonia, sweet potato, and gamal can replace basal ration without affecting the quality of milk (lactose, specific grafity and mineral)