bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rational modulation of emerging MXene materials for zinc‐ion storage
Authors: Liu Penggao , Liu Weifang , Liu Kaiyu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCurrently, emerging battery technologies are being studied intensively. The lack of ideal electrode materials remains a key hindrance to further development of new batteries. The novel MXene material, due to its unique structural characteristics and physicochemical properties, shows the ability to enhance the electrochemical performance of the electrode. In addition to the adjustable layer spacing, because of excellent electrical conductivity, rich chemical composition, and controllable surface chemistry, MXene has the potential for use in diverse applications as an ideal electrode material in various battery systems. This review covers the recent progress achieved in research of the zinc‐ion energy storage of MXenes, including MXene‐based cathodes, MXene‐derived cathodes, MXene‐modified zinc anodes, and electrolyte additives. Moreover, further structural design and reaction mechanisms of MXenes in zinc‐ion storage are explored.
On‐Load Impedance Measurements on Automotive Lithium‐Ion Cells
Authors: Calles Simon , Ulke Jakob , Heitjans Paul , Börger Alexander 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe contribution presents examples for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data taken on automotive lithium‐ion battery cells. Discharge was done with the help of an external load. The measurements were done with an initial state of charge of about 97 %, at 23 °C and from 5000–0.1 Hz. Spectra were fitted with an equivalent circuit containing two RC elements and an inductance. For load currents up to 20 A and in certain regions of the used frequency range, it is possible to measure impedance spectra also under load that almost coincide with load‐free spectra.
The impact of the hidden curriculum on international students in the context of a country with a toxic triangle of diversity
Authors: Baykut Sibel , Erbil Cihat , Ozbilgin Mustafa , Kamasak Rifat , Bağlama Sercan Hamza 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe hidden curriculum, which refers to the ideologies that remain implicit in educational content, is often studied in the context of developed countries with a colonial past where there are efforts to redress the historical injustice of the colonial past. In this paper, we examine the impact of the hidden curriculum on international students in a country with a toxic triangle of diversity. The toxic triangle of diversity describes a context where there is extensive deregulation, voluntarism without responsibilisation of organisations, and absence of supportive organisational discourses for diversity. Most studies of the hidden curriculum have taken place in countries where there are national laws for equality, institutional responsibility to bias‐proof the curriculum, and supportive discourses for diversity. Drawing on a field study with nineteen international students (nine in the field of business studies and ten in other subject fields), we demonstrate how the hidden curriculum remains unattended and how it is legitimised through macro‐, meso‐ and micro‐level interactions that students have. We show that the hidden curriculum serves to silence different forms of exclusion, loneliness and discrimination that international students experience in the context of a toxic triangle of diversity. We suggest ways forward for undoing the damage done through the hidden curriculum in toxic contexts.
Grow fast, die young: Does compensatory growth reduce survival of juvenile blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) in the western Gulf of Mexico?
Authors: Matich Philip , Plumlee Jeffrey D. , Fisher Mark 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEffective conservation and management necessitate an understanding of the ecological mechanisms that shape species life histories in order to predict how variability in natural and anthropogenic impacts will alter growth rates, recruitment, and survival. Among these mechanisms, the interaction between parturition timing and prey availability frequently influences offspring success, particularly when postnatal care is absent. Here, we assess how parturition timing and nursery conditions, including prey abundance and environmental conditions, influence the growth and potential survival of blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) in western Gulf of Mexico (GOM) estuaries over their first year. Catch data from long‐term gillnet monitoring allowed for clear delineation of cohorts based on size frequency distribution plots, and showed that late parturition cohorts born in estuaries with fewer prey resources exhibited more rapid growth than early parturition cohorts that experienced more abundant prey. Compensatory behaviors that promoted accelerated growth led to reduced second year residency, likely due to reduced survival resultant from greater risk taking and potentially due to reduced site fidelity attributed to larger body size. Water temperatures influenced blacktip growth rates through physiological increases in metabolism and potential premigratory foraging cues associated with cooling temperatures. Gradual warming of the GOM (0.03°C year−1) was also correlated with earlier parturition across the study period (1982–2017), similar to other migratory species. Considering current trends in climate and associated phenological shifts in many animals, testing hypotheses assessing compensatory growth‐risk trade‐offs is important moving forward to predict changes in life histories and associated recruitment in concert with current and future conservation actions, like wildlife management.
Compartment‐specific 13C metabolic flux analysis reveals boosted NADPH availability coinciding with increased cell‐specific productivity for IgG1 producing CHO cells after MTA treatment
Authors: Wijaya Andy Wiranata , Verhagen Natascha , Teleki Attila , Takors Ralf 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIncreasing cell‐specific productivities (CSPs) for the production of heterologous proteins in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells is an omnipresent need in the biopharmaceutical industry. The novel additive 5′‐deoxy‐5′‐(methylthio)adenosine (MTA), a chemical degradation product of S‐(5′‐adenosyl)‐ʟ‐methionine (SAM) and intermediate of polyamine biosynthesis, boosts the CSP of IgG1‐producing CHO cells by 50%. Compartment‐specific 13C flux analysis revealed a fundamental reprogramming of the central metabolism after MTA addition accompanied by cell‐cycle arrest and increased cell volumes. Carbon fluxes into the pentose‐phosphate pathway increased 22 fold in MTA‐treated cells compared to that in non‐MTA‐treated reference cells. Most likely, cytosolic ATP inhibition of phosphofructokinase mediated the carbon detour. Mitochondrial shuttle activity of the α‐ketoglurarate/malate antiporter (OGC) reversed, reducing cytosolic malate transport. In summary, NADPH supply in MTA‐treated cells improved three fold compared to that in non‐MTA‐treated cells, which can be regarded as a major factor for explaining the boosted CSPs.
Subsequent full publication of qualitative studies presented at United Kingdom Royal College of Nursing Research Conference 2015 and 2016: A follow‐up study
Authors: Toews Ingrid , Nyirenda John L. Z. , Stadelmaier Julia , Schwarzer Guido , Noyes Jane , Booth Andrew , Lewin Simon , Meerpohl Joerg J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA considerable proportion of quantitative research remains unpublished once completed. Little research has documented non‐dissemination and dissemination bias in qualitative research. This study aimed to generate evidence on the extent of non‐dissemination in qualitative research. We followed a cohort of qualitative studies presented as conference abstracts to ascertain their subsequent publication status. We searched for subsequent full publication in MEDLINE, in the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature and in Google Scholar. We matched abstracts to subsequent publications according to authors, method of data collection and phenomenon of interest. Fisher's exact test was calculated to examine associations between study characteristics and publication. Factors potentially associated with time to publication were evaluated with Cox regression analysis. For 91 of 270 included abstracts (33.70%; 95% CI 28.09%–39.68%), no full publication was identified. Factors that were found to be associated with subsequent full publication were oral presentation (OR 4.62; 95% CI 2.43–8.94) and university affiliation (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.05–3.66). Compared to oral presentations, studies presented as posters took longer time to reach full publication (hazard ratio 0.35, 95% CI 0.21–0.58). This study shows that it was not possible to retrieve a full publication for over one‐third of abstracts. Our findings suggest that where this non‐dissemination is systematic, it may lead to distortions of the qualitative evidence‐base for decision‐making through dissemination bias. Our findings are congruent with those of other studies. Further research might investigate non‐dissemination of qualitative studies in other disciplines to consolidate our findings.
Divergent physiological and molecular responses of light‐ and iron‐limited Southern Ocean phytoplankton
Authors: Andrew Sarah M. , Strzepek Robert F. , M. Whitney Spencer , Chow Wah Soon , Ellwood Michael J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIt has recently been shown that Southern Ocean phytoplankton species have evolved to optimize their light‐harvesting potential without increasing the high iron‐requiring proteins used for photosynthesis. We measured molecular and physiological responses of phytoplankton cultures under a combination of iron and light conditions. While iron‐replete cultures mostly increased biovolume, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and the relative abundance of photosystem II (PSII) and Cytochrome b6f protein compared to iron‐limited cultures, light also regulated cellular chlorophyll a content and played a role in controlling PSII protein abundance. Investment of protein resources into the carbon fixing enzyme Ribulose 1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (Rubisco) was species‐specific, but increased growth rates correlated with increased investment into Rubisco for all species. Our results suggest that Proboscia inermis uses a divergent molecular strategy to compete for nutrients, light, and CO2 in the Southern Ocean.
Cultural worldviews consistently explain bundles of ecosystem service prioritisation across rural Germany
Authors: Peter Sophie , Le Provost Gaëtane , Mehring Marion , Müller Thomas , Manning Peter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDifferences in ecosystem service (ES) priorities often lead to conflicts between stakeholders. While differences in priorities have often been described, the sociocultural factors, including differences in cultural worldview, which drive them have not. We propose that the cultural theory of risk and its ‘grid‐group’ typology, which classifies people as individualists, hierarchists, egalitarians and fatalists, can provide a conceptual framework for doing this.We examined the relationship between ES prioritisation by stakeholders and underlying cultural (cultural worldviews, and related environmental nature and risk perceptions), sociocultural (region, stakeholder group, political party preference) and socio‐demographic factors. This was achieved by applying multivariate statistics to data from a survey with 321 respondents, conducted across 14 stakeholder groups in three German regions.Results show that most stakeholders prioritised many services but gave the highest priority to services linked to their stakeholder group. We identified four ‘ES priority bundles’: cultural services, open‐land provisioning services, environmental protection services and forest provisioning services.Each ES priority bundle was consistently associated with particular cultural worldviews, perceptions of nature and sociocultural factors, meaning that we could identify ‘cultural types’. Two of these associations were particularly strong: Prioritisation of open‐land provisioning ES was high for the agriculture stakeholder group, associated with individualism, a perception of nature as durable but unpredictable, and support for economic liberal, conservative political parties. In contrast, those who prioritised environmental protection tended to hold egalitarian cultural worldviews and perceive nature as tolerant and sensitive. They also often belonged to the research and nature conservation stakeholder groups, with a mostly left‐leaning political party preference.The identification of cultural types of stakeholder with consistent ES priorities and cultural worldviews may provide a useful construct in the future ES research. Furthermore, it may allow communications regarding ES to be tailored to improve their effectiveness, potentially aiding the promotion of sustainable management strategies.A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
A note on point estimation and interval estimation of the relative treatment effect under a simple crossover design
Authors: Lin Chii‐Dean , Lui Kung‐Jong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo increase power or reduce the number of patients needed for a parallel groups design, the crossover design has been often used to study treatments for noncurable chronic diseases. However, in the presence of carry‐over effect caused by treatments, the commonly‐used estimator which ignores the carry‐over effect leads to a biased estimator for estimating the treatment effect difference. A two‐stage test approach aimed to address carry‐over effect proposed was found to be potentially misleading. In this paper, we propose a weighted average of the commonly‐used estimator and an unbiased estimator that uses only the first period of the data. We derive an optimal weight that minimizes the mean squared error (MSE) and its modified estimator. We apply Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimators in a variety of situations. In the simulations, we examine the estimated MSE (EMSE), percentile interval length, and coverage probability calculated from the percentile intervals among considered estimators. Simulation results show that our proposed weighted average estimator and its modified estimator lead to smaller EMSEs on average comparing to the two commonly used estimators. The coverage probabilities using our proposed estimators are reasonably close to the nominal confidence level and the interval lengths are shorter comparing to the use of the unbiased estimator that uses only the first period of the data. We apply an example that was to evaluate the efficacy of two type of bronchodilators for asthma treatment to demonstrate the use of the proposed estimators.
Multiplexing Nanodrug Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis via ROS Elimination and Inflammation Suppression
Authors: Xu Youcui , Chen Jing , Jiang Wei , Zhao Yangyang , Yang Chen , Wu Yi , Li Qianming , Zhu Chen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLiver fibrosis is the leading risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Both oxidative stress and inflammation promote the progression of liver fibrosis, but existing therapeutic strategies tend to focus solely on one issue. Additionally, targeting of pathological microstructures is often neglected. Herein, an esterase‐responsive carbon quantum dot‐dexamethasone (CD‐Dex) is developed for liver fibrosis therapy to simultaneously target pathological microstructures, scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), and suppress inflammation. Hepatocyte‐targeting CD‐Dex can efficiently eliminate the intrahepatic ROS, thereby inhibiting the activation of Kupffer cells, preventing further inflammation progression. Moreover, released dexamethasone (Dex) also suppresses inflammatory response by inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Antifibrotic experiments demonstrate that CD‐Dex significantly alleviates liver injury and collagen deposition, consequently preventing the progression of liver fibrosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that via ROS elimination and inflammation suppression, the newly developed multiplexing nanodrug exhibits great potential in liver fibrosis therapy.
Characteristics of a novel lightweight concrete
Authors: Saidani Messaoud , Olubanwo Adegoke , Khorami Morteza 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe growing need to reduce dead weight of structural elements to allow long spanning structures, has always been a key driver in the construction industry's quest to finding materials that can lead to such accomplishments. This paper is concerned with investigating the mechanical properties of a novel lightweight cementitious material made from a mix of sand, cement, water, and admixture. It is environmentally friendly, requiring less cement consumption, self‐leveling, and free flowing with potential for structural use in construction. A rigorous experimental testing programme is carried to determine the mechanical properties of the material. Two sets of mixes of target densities 1810 and 1600 kg/m3 were prepared and tested. The results showed that the admixture improved the properties of the material such as its compressive and flexural strengths. The material can be utilized as a structural member since it gained strength values above 20 MPa after 28 days.
Ruminating on rudeness: Exploring veterinarians’ experiences of client incivility
Authors: Irwin Amy , Hall Dionne , Ellis Hannah 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundInteractions with clients have been identified as a key potential stressor within veterinary practice. However, there is a lack of research investigating the experience, and impact, of specific behaviours, such as incivility. The current study aimed to address this literature gap by investigating veterinarian perceptions of client rudeness.MethodTelephone interviews (n = 18) were used to gather qualitative data regarding veterinarian perceptions of client rudeness. This encompassed description of an uncivil interaction, potential causes of incivility, the impact on the veterinarian and coping strategies.ResultsThe results indicate that veterinarians are exposed to a range of rude behaviours from clients, with suggested causal attributions spanning financial concerns, stress and worry. Adverse consequences associated with uncivil interactions included increased stress, mental health impacts and withdrawal from clients. Responses to incivility encompassed proactive pre‐planning, empathy and clear communication. Support from colleagues was important to enable reflection and coping, alongside individual strategies, such as self‐care.ConclusionClient incivility has the potential to adversely impact veterinarians. Appraisal of potential external causes for rudeness could facilitate constructive responses to client incivility and support coping. This should be combined with emotional support from colleagues to mitigate any negative consequences following uncivil client interactions.
Chapter 7: Prospects for Agri-Food Trade Between Russia and China
Authors: Zhou Jiayi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChina features prominently in Russia’s medium-term export targets and is also considered to be an important investment partner for developing agriculture in the Russian Far East. Meanwhile, China is seeking to mitigate economic risks by diversifying import supply channels; Russia features as one such supplier. However, this chapter cautions that the agricultural and food trade relationship remains vulnerable to a range of operational, technical, and policy hurdles. These obstacles dovetail with political imperatives on both sides for self-sufficiency, which limits the scope for trade. Thus, China is and will continue to be an expanding market for Russian agricultural goods, but there are tenuous realities in terms of concrete cooperation.
Introduction and Overview
Authors: Jinji Naoto , Zhang Xingyuan , Haruna Shoji 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe world economy was severely hit by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. It was estimated that the annual growth in the world’s real gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020 would be $$-3.3$$

-
3.3

% (International Monetary Fund (IMF) 2021). World trade simultaneously contracted sharply.
Do Deep Regional Trade Agreements Enhance International Technology Spillovers? Depth, Breadth, and Heterogeneity
Authors: Jinji Naoto , Zhang Xingyuan , Haruna Shoji 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn Chap. 5, we examine the relationship between bilateral trade patterns and international technology spillovers. In Chap. 6, we analyze how horizontal and vertical foreign direct investment (FDI) of multinational enterprises (MNEs) affects technology spillovers between themselves and firms in host countries. Both chapters analyze the issues from theoretical and empirical points of view. Each chapter shows that international trade or FDI is an important channel of international technology spillovers, but the effect on them is heterogeneous, depending on the type of trade patterns or the structure of FDI. In both chapters we measure technology spillovers using patent citation data.
Numerical simulation and optimization of fine-blanking process for copper alloy sheet
Authors: Kuo Chun-Chih , Liu Kuo-Wang , Li Tse-Chang , Wu Dai-You , Lin Bor-Tsuen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhen the fine-blanking process is used, secondary grinding or processing can be omitted because the shear surface of fine-blanking parts can achieve almost zero fracture zone requirements. The primary objective of the fine-blanking process is to reduce the fracture zone depth and die roll zone width. This study used a 2.5-mm-thick central processing unit (CPU) thermal heat spreader as an example. Finite element analysis software was employed to simulate and optimize the main eight process parameters that affect the fracture zone depth and die roll zone width after fine-blanking: the V-ring shape angle, V-ring height of the blank holder, V-ring height of the cavity, V-ring position, blank holder force, counter punch force, die clearance, and blanking velocity. Simulation analysis was conducted using the L18 (21 × 37) Taguchi orthogonal array experimental combination. The simulation results of the fracture zone depth and die roll zone width were optimized and analyzed as quality objectives using Taguchi’s smaller-the-better design. The analysis results revealed that with fracture zone depth as the quality objective, 0.164 mm was the optimal value, and counter punch force made the largest contribution of 25.89%. In addition, with die roll zone width as the quality objective, the optimal value was 1.274 mm, and V-ring height of the cavity made the largest contribution of 29.45%. Subsequently, this study selected fracture zone depth and die roll zone width as multicriteria quality objectives and used the robust multicriteria optimal approach and Pareto-optimal solutions to perform multicriteria optimization analysis. The results met the industry’s fraction zone depth standard (below 12% of blank thickness) and achieved a smaller die roll zone width.