bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SMA
Authors: Nuraeni Siska Endah , Afghohani Afif , Exacta Annisa Prima 
Published: July 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas X MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Weru tahun pelajaran 2019/ 2020. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Weru yaitu, kelas X MIPA 1 sampai dengan kelas X MIPA 4 dengan jumlah seluruh populasi adalah 144 siswa. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah kelas X MIPA 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan pembelajaran STAD dan kelas X MIPA 4 sebagai kelas kontrol yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis dengan taraf segnifikan sebesar 5%, diperoleh harga = 2,0771 lebih besar dari harga = = 1,994 maka ada perbedaan rata – rata nilai kemampuan akhir antara kedua kelas eksperimen dan kelas control sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas X MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Weru tahun pelajaran 2019/ 2020.
Kata Kunci: Prestasi Belajar Matematika; Student Team Achievement Division (STAD)
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN AWAL
Authors: Setiawan Nico Dedy , Dewi susilowati  , Isna farahsanti  
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui manakah yang memberikan prestasi belajar matematika lebih baik, pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) atau dengan model pembelajaran konvensional; (2) untuk mengetahui manakah yang memberikan prestasi belajar matematika lebih baik, siswa dengan kemampuan awal tinggi, sedang, atau rendah; dan (3) untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dengan kemampuan awal siswa terhadap prestasi belajar matematika. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui teknik tes dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Bina Patria 1 Sukoharjo tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara cluster random sampling. Uji hipotesis dengan analisis variansi dua jalan dengan sel tak sama dilanjutkan komparasi ganda dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) prestasi belajar siswa dengan model pembelajaran NHT lebih baik daripada prestasi belajar siswa dengan model pembelajaran konvensional; (2) tidak terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika siswa pada siswa dengan kemampuan awal tinggi, sedang dan rendah; dan (3) tidak terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dengan kemampuan awal siswa terhadap prestasi belajar matematika.
Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif, Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Numbered Head Together, Prestasi Belajar, Kemampuan Awal.
Cost Variance in Patients With Soft Tissue Sarcoma Who Develop Postoperative Wound Complications
Authors: Wilke Benjamin K. , Buckner Jeannie , Huayllani Maria T. , Spaulding Aaron C. , Murray Peter M. , Forte Antonio J. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Wound complications after a soft-tissue sarcoma surgery are common, occurring in up to 30% to 40% of patients who undergo preoperative radiation therapy. Although risk factors for developing complications are well-known, there is a paucity of literature on the increased healthcare costs after a wound complication. The purpose of this study was to detail these additional costs after a soft-tissue sarcoma surgery.

Methods:
A retrospective review of 99 patients from January 2013 to October 2019 was performed. Hospital and professional charges for the primary surgical procedure and any subsequent hospitalization or procedure related to a wound complication were compiled. Costs were inflated to 2019 dollars.

Results:
Total costs were 21.3% higher for patients who developed a wound complication (P = 0.006). Most patients (32 of 42; 76.2%) who developed a complication required a return trip to the operating room. The average number of return trips was 1.2 (range 0 to 5). For each return trip to the operating room because of a wound complication, an associated increased overall cost of 13.2% was noted (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Wound complications after a soft-tissue sarcoma resection are common and add considerable expense to the episode of care. A reduction in wound complications may markedly decrease the cost of treating soft-tissue sarcomas and continues to be an opportunity for improvement.
Transient Thermal Analysis of a Magnetorheological Knee for Prostheses and Exoskeletons during Over-Ground Walking
Authors: Milanezi de Andrade Rafhael , Palmiro Storch André , de Amorim Paulo Lucas , Bento Filho Antônio , Bruno Santos Vimieiro Claysson , Pinotti Marcos 
Published: July 2021

Proper knee movement is essential for accomplishing the mobility daily tasks such as walking, get up from a chair and going up and down stairs. Although the technological advances in active knee actuators for prostheses and exoskeletons to help impaired people in the last decade, they still present several usage limitations such as overweight or limited mechanical power and torque. To address such limitations, we developed the Active Magnetorheological Knee (AMRK) that comprises a Motor Unit (MU), which is a motor-reducer (EC motor and Harmonic Drive) and a MR clutch, that works in parallel to a magnetorheological (MR) brake. Magnetorheological fluids, employed in the MR clutch and brake, are smart materials that have their rheological properties controlled by an induced magnetic field and have been used for different purposes. With this configuration the actuator can work as a motor, clutch or brake and can perform similar movements than a healthy knee. However, the stability, control, and life of magnetorheological fluids critically depend on the working temperature. By reaching a certain temperature limit, the fluid additives quickly deteriorate, leading to irreversible changes of the MR fluid. In this study, we perform a transient thermal analysis of the AMRK, when it is used for walking over-ground, to access possible fluid degradation and user’s discomfort due overheating. The resulting shear stress in the MR clutch and brake generates heat, increasing the fluid temperature during the operation. However, to avoid overheating, we proposed a mode of operation for over-ground walking aiming to minimize the heat generation on the MR clutch and brake. Other heat sources inside the actuator are the coils, which generate the magnetic fields for the MR fluid, bearings, EC motor and harmonic drive. Results show that the MR fluid of the brake can reach up to 31°C after a 6.0 km walk, so the AMRK can be used for the proposed function without risks of fluid degradation or discomfort for the user.
NÚCLEO EXTENSIONISTA RONDON – NER/UDESC
Authors: Deggeroni Maicon Vinicius Ritter , Bertelli Valmir , Balduíno Santos Alfredo , Márcia Marques Santos Vera 
Published: July 2021

Esse artigo traz um breve relato sobre o Núcleo Extensionista Rondon – NER/UDESC, sua atuação no Estado de Santa Catarina, no Brasil e no exterior, sua estruturação e experiências, desde a sua criação, por meio de práticas extensionistas por onde as Operações do NER/UDESC se fizeram presentes. O texto aborda a indissociabilidade entre Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão como prática referência das ações do núcleo, aproximando o desenvolvimento acadêmico, pessoal e profissional dos extensionistas participantes. A partir das intervenções do NER/UDESC, observa-se a relevância das atividades extensionistas desenvolvidas, considerando-se a formação acadêmica pautada nas diretrizes acadêmicas e pedagógicas expressas nas oito áreas da Extensão Universitária.
Humour et vivre ensemble : stéréotypes identitaires au sein des groupes minoritaire et majoritaire québécois
Authors: Choquette Emmanuel 
Published: July 2021

La présente étude aborde l’humour comme un véritable outil de reconnaissance identitaire, lequel, bien qu’ayant des effets ambivalents, contribue à déterminer la perception et la compréhension des différents particularismes sociétaux. Par ailleurs, la relation entre l’humour et les enjeux entourant le vivre ensemble a été peu abordée en science politique. En ce sens, le principal objectif de la présente recherche vise à observer comment les humoristes québécois traitent des questions entourant la diversité ethnique, culturelle et religieuse. À travers une analyse de contenu qualitative et quantitative, la recherche compte répondre à trois questions spécifiques. La première vise à identifier les différentes communautés dont il est question au sein des numéros analysés. La seconde a pour but de souligner les principaux stéréotypes entretenus par les humoristes à l’égard des différentes communautés ciblées. Enfin, la troisième question vient mettre en lumière comment, entre groupe majoritaire et groupe minoritaire, on parle de ces communautés. Afin de mener à terme cette recherche, on a procédé à l’analyse de 76 vidéos humoristiques répertoriées sur YouTube, réalisées entre 2006 et 2018 au Québec et traitant de diversité ethnique, culturelle et religieuse. On constate que les Arabo-musulmans s’avèrent la principale cible des humoristes durant cette période. Le stéréotype liant islam et terrorisme demeure également souligné de façon récurrente. Il semble enfin que la communauté arabo-musulmane représente une cible de choix pour une majorité d’humoristes, qu’ils proviennent du groupe majoritaire ou du groupe minoritaire.
Innovation parlementaire, entrepreneuriat et déserts médicaux en France
Authors: Moncada Marie 
Published: July 2021

Le Parlement français est oublié des abondants travaux sur les « déserts médicaux ». Pourtant, sur ce sujet, de nombreux parlementaires vont à contre-courant des programmes présidentiels, de l’administration et des groupes d’intérêt et prennent ouvertement la défense de mesures contraignantes. Cette innovation parlementaire soulève la question suivante : les parlementaires français sont-ils des entrepreneurs d’action publique ? L’analyse est faite sur les archives parlementaires de 1998 à 2019. L’analyse qualitative montre bien l’existence d’une innovation parlementaire en faveur des mesures contraignantes. L’analyse quantitative pour sa part répond par la négative à la problématique : les parlementaires ne sont pas des entrepreneurs en raison de leur subordination volontaire à l’exécutif et aux groupes d’intérêt médicaux.
MTHFD2 promotes ovarian cancer growth and metastasis via activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Li Qiutong , Yang Fang , Shi Xiu , Bian Shimin , Shen Fangrong , Wu Yuhong , Zhu Chenjie , Fu Fengqing , Wang Juan , Zhou Jinhua , Chen Youguo 
Published: July 2021

Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) is a bifunctional enzyme located in the mitochondria. MTHFD2 has been reported to be overexpressed in several malignant tumors and is implicated in cancer development. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MTHFD2 on ovarian cancer progression. The expression of MTHFD2 was detected by bioinformatic analysis, immunohistochemistry, RT‐qPCR (real‐time quantitative PCR analysis), and western blot analysis. The effects of MTHFD2 depletion on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were determined through in vitro experiments. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were accessed by flow cytometry. The related signaling pathway protein expression was determined by western blot analysis. We found that MTHFD2 is highly expressed in both ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. MTHFD2 deletion suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis. Knockdown of MTHFD2 induces cell apoptosis and G2/M arrest, whereas the number of cells in S phase increased with MTHFD2 overexpression. Mechanically, our results indicate that an inhibitory effect of MTHFD2 knockdown may be mediated by the downregulation of cyclin B1/Cdc2 complex and the inhibitory effect on its activity. Additionally, MTHFD2 could regulate cell growth and aggressiveness via activation of STAT3 and the STAT3‐induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition signaling pathway. These findings indicate that MTHFD2 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer and regulates cell proliferation and metastasis, presenting an attractive therapeutic target.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Allylic Substitutions of Racemic, Branched Trichloroacetimidates with Heteroatom Nucleophiles: Formation of Allylic C−O, C−N, and C−S Bonds
Authors: Arachchi Madhawee K. , Nguyen Hien M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA broadly applicable methodology for the regio‐ and enantioselective construction of branched allylic carbon‐heteroatom bonds from racemic, secondary allylic trichloroacetimidates has been developed. The branched allylic substrates undergo dynamic kinetic asymmetric substitution reactions with a number of unactivated anilines and carboxylic acids as well as unactivated aromatic thiols in the presence of a chiral bicyclo[3.3.0]octadiene‐ligated iridium catalyst. The allylic C−O, C−N, and C−S bond containing products are obtained in synthetically useful yield and selectivity. Mechanistic studies suggest that the iridium‐catalyzed enantioselective substitution reactions of heteroatom nucleophiles with allylic trichloroacetimidate substrates through an outer‐sphere nucleophilic addition mechanism. In addition, the chiral diene‐ligated iridium catalyst is effective at promoting asymmetric aminations of acyclic secondary anilines. Importantly, this catalytic iridium methodology enables the use of alkyl substituted allylic electrophiles.magnified image
A practical guide for conducting qualitative research in medical education: Part 2—Coding and thematic analysis
Authors: Coates Wendy C. , Jordan Jaime , Clarke Samuel O. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAn organized and rigorous approach to analyzing qualitative data can yield important insights into the intricacies of human behavior and can answer “how” and “why” questions. One process of coding interview responses from study subjects using grounded theory with a constructivist approach is outlined and applied to an example study. The emergent themes can provide insight to medical educators to create interventions that optimize the learning environment. For researchers, they may generate hypotheses to study by quantitative analysis.
Continuous reactor network design for multiple rigid polyol productions
Authors: Wen Yunhan , Biegler Lorenz T. , Ochoa Maria P. , Weston John , Nikbin Nima , Ferrio Jeff 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study focuses on developing continuous reactor network models able to produce multiple rigid polyol products under strict product and safety specifications. We first determine reactor networks and operating decisions for minimum capital cost, and then find reactor networks with optimal profit through multi‐criteria optimization, using a Pareto chart to analyze the relationship between capital cost and net sales. Based on our previous study, we narrow down the types of continuous reactors that can be part of the network to two: plug flow reactor (PFR) with multiple feed injection points and a network of continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR). The CSTR model can be written as a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem. The PFR model is a differential algebraic equation (DAE) optimization problem. The simultaneous collocation method is applied to transform the resulting DAE model into an MINLP, which is solved as a NLP by fixing the binary terms. Both capital cost and multi‐criteria problems are formulated as multi‐scenario optimization problems to determine the best single network design to produce multiple polymer products.
Automated Annotation of Epileptiform Burden and Its Association with Outcomes
Authors: Zafar Sahar F. , Rosenthal Eric S. , Jing Jin , Ge Wendong , Tabaeizadeh Mohammad , Aboul Nour Hassan , Shoukat Maryum , Sun Haoqi , Javed Farrukh , Kassa Solomon , Edhi Muhammad , Bordbar Elahe , Gallagher Justin , Moura Valdery , Ghanta Manohar , Shao Yu‐Ping , An Sungtae , Sun Jimeng , Cole Andrew J. , Westover M. Brandon 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to determine the dose–response relation between epileptiform activity burden and outcomes in acutely ill patients.MethodsA single center retrospective analysis was made of 1,967 neurologic, medical, and surgical patients who underwent >16 hours of continuous electroencephalography (EEG) between 2011 and 2017. We developed an artificial intelligence algorithm to annotate 11.02 terabytes of EEG and quantify epileptiform activity burden within 72 hours of recording. We evaluated burden (1) in the first 24 hours of recording, (2) in the 12‐hours epoch with highest burden (peak burden), and (3) cumulatively through the first 72 hours of monitoring. Machine learning was applied to estimate the effect of epileptiform burden on outcome. Outcome measure was discharge modified Rankin Scale, dichotomized as good (0–4) versus poor (5–6).ResultsPeak epileptiform burden was independently associated with poor outcomes (p < 0.0001). Other independent associations included age, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, seizure on presentation, and diagnosis of hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy. Model calibration error was calculated across 3 strata based on the time interval between last EEG measurement (up to 72 hours of monitoring) and discharge: (1) <5 days between last measurement and discharge, 0.0941 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.0706–0.1191); 5 to 10 days between last measurement and discharge, 0.0946 (95% CI = 0.0631–0.1290); >10 days between last measurement and discharge, 0.0998 (95% CI = 0.0698–0.1335). After adjusting for covariates, increase in peak epileptiform activity burden from 0 to 100% increased the probability of poor outcome by 35%.InterpretationAutomated measurement of peak epileptiform activity burden affords a convenient, consistent, and quantifiable target for future multicenter randomized trials investigating whether suppressing epileptiform activity improves outcomes. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:300–311
Soybean trypsin inhibitor and urease activities and their correlations as affected by heating method, duration, sample matrix, and prior soaking
Authors: Liu Keshun , Ruiz Nelson 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUrease activity (UA) in soybeans has historically been measured to indicate heating inadequacy. Yet, over the years, controversy has emerged regarding the reliability of UA as a heating index and surrogate for trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA). In Experiments 1–4, raw soybean materials with different matrices (whole beans, flakes, full‐fat and defatted flours) were selectively subjected to steaming, boiling, or dry oven toasting for various durations. For steaming or boiling soybeans, with or without prior soaking was another factor. Reduction rates of TIA and UA with heating time were compared, their correlation coefficients were determined and statistically treated. Experiment 5 entailed collecting 30 commercial soybean meals and measuring TIA and UA without further treatments. By combining the five experiments into a single study, the most comprehensive spectra regarding relative decreasing rates of TIA and UA with heating time and their correlations were obtained. Results show that the reduction rate of UA could be slower than, close to, or faster than that of TIA, depending on combinations of four factors (sample matrix, with or without prior soaking, heating method and interval). UA reached zero within shorter heating durations, while TIA maintained residual values at the longest durations. Consequently, positive correlations between TIA and UA varied from insignificant to very strong. UA was a reliable index for heating inadequacy and surrogate for TIA in soybean products heated by several single combinations of the four factors, but for those heated by other single or mixed combinations, it was unreliable, and TIA should be measured directly.
Fisheries induced shift in sea snake community assemblages along the Konkan coast, India
Authors: Rao Chetan , Dsouza Shawn , Gupta Trisha , Manoharakrishnan Muralidharan , Lobo Aaron Savio 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

The impacts of fisheries on several charismatic marine fauna have been a subject of global concern. Sea snakes share the same habitats as many commercially important fish species and often end up as fisheries bycatch.
Previous studies of bycatch from India have been limited to individual reports of mortality, with little information on the regional community structure of sea snakes. This study was carried out along the Konkan coast, off the central west coast of India, between 2016 and 2018, to determine trends in the bycatch of sea snakes in coastal fisheries.
In this study, 922 sea snakes were encountered in 916.57 gillnet haul hours and 449.16 trawlers haul hours of fishing, comprising largely of two species: beaked sea snake (Hydrophis schistosus) and spine‐bellied sea snake (Hydrophis curtus) (83.05 and 16.94% respectively) which was in stark contrast to a similar study conducted in 2002–03, which recorded a dominance of H. curtus (84%) followed by H. schistosus (14%) in the same region. Both studies, however, indicated higher mortality in H. curtus than in H. schistosus in trawl nets.
This study highlights the significant impact of non‐selective fishing practices on regional assemblages of other marine organisms such as sea snakes from South Asia, which has been relatively understudied, and the potential consequences for local ecosystems.
Histidine Tautomerism Driving Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Aggregation in the Early Stages of Diabetes Mellitus Progression: Insight at the Atomistic Level
Authors: Salimi Abbas , Chatterjee Sompriya , Yong Lee Jin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEarly oligomerization of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), which is accountable for β‐cell death, has been implicated in the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Some researches have shown the connection between hIAPP and Alzheimer's disease as well. However, the mechanism of peptide accumulation and associated cytotoxicity remains unclear. Due to the unique properties and significant role of histidine in protein sequences, here for the first time, the tautomeric effect of histidine at the early stages of amylin misfolding was investigated via molecular dynamics simulations. Considering Tau and Pi tautomeric forms of histidine (Tau and Pi tautomers are denoted as ϵ and δ, respectively), simulations were performed on two possible isomers of amylin. Our analysis revealed a higher probability of transient α‐helix generation in the δ isomer in monomeric form. In dimeric forms, the δδ and δϵ conformations showed an elevated amount of α‐helix and lower coil in comparison to the ϵϵ dimer. Due to the significant role of α‐helix in membrane disruption and transition to β‐sheet structure, these results may imply a noticeable contribution of the δ isomer and the δδ and δϵ dimers rather than ϵ and ϵϵ conformations in the early stages of diabetes initiation. Our results may aid in elucidating the hIAPP self‐association process in the etiology of amyloidosis.