bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial statement readability and credit rating conservatism
Authors: Hsieh Yi‐Ting 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe paper examines the relation between the financial statement readability and credit rating conservatism. The Fog Index of the financial statements of the United States publicly listed companies and the text length of their financial statements are employed as the readability indicators. I find that: (1) firms with annual reports that are harder to read (i.e., they have a higher Fog index and longer length) have more conservatism; (2) rating agencies have become more conservative in assigning credit ratings during dot.com bubble and financial crisis; (3) rating agencies have faced increased regulatory pressure result in becoming more conservative after Sarbanes‐Oxley Act; and (4) as firms have lower readability, it will influence the rating agencies becoming more conservative during crises or after SOX act.
The potential role of miR‐1290 in cancer progression, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment: An oncomiR or onco‐suppressor microRNA?
Authors: Kalhori Mohammad Reza , Soleimani Masoud , Arefian Ehsan , Alizadeh Ali Mohammad , Mansouri Kamran , Echeverria Javier 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of death in humans because of the lack of early diagnosis, distant metastases, and the resistance to adjuvant therapies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In addition to playing an essential role in tumor progression and development, microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as a robust biomarker in the early detection of cancer. MiR‐1290 was discovered for the first time in human embryonic stem cells, and under typical physiological situations, plays an essential role in neuronal differentiation and neural stem cell proliferation. Its coding sequence is located at the 1p36.13 regions in the first intron of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 gene member A1. miR‐1290 is out of control in many cancers such as breast cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and plays a vital role in their development. Therefore, it is suggested that miR‐1290 can be considered as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in many cancers. In addition to the importance of miR‐1290 in the noninvasive diagnosis of various cancers, this systematic review study discussed the role of miR‐1290 in altering the expression of different genes involved in cancer development and chemo‐radiation resistance. Moreover, it considered the regulatory effect of natural products on miR‐1290 expression and the interaction of lncRNAs by miR‐1290.
A pyridine‐dicarbohydrazide‐based chemosensor for detecting Al3+ by fluorescence turn‐on
Authors: Kim Hyeongjin , Suh Boeon , Kim Cheal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA pyridine‐dicarbohydrazide‐based chemosensor TMC (N2, N6‐bis((E)‐5‐chloro‐2‐hydroxybenzylidene)pyridine‐2,6‐dicarbohydrazide) showed a marked fluorescence response with Al3+. With analysis of Job plot and electrospray ionization (ESI)‐mass spectrometry, the association of TMC to Al3+ was determined to be a 1:1 ratio. Detection limit of TMC for Al3+ was 1.56 μM. Especially, TMC could distinctly distinguish Al3+ from Ga3+ and In3+. TMC could suitably analyze Al3+ in a real environment with great recovery and relative standard deviation (RSD). In addition, TMC‐coated test kits can be practically used for recognition of Al3+. Binding process of TMC to Al3+ was illustrated with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, NMR titration, ESI‐mass, and UV–vis experiments.
Socioeconomic status and the therapeutic alliance: An empirical investigation using structural equation modeling
Authors: Wolgast Martin , Despotovski Diana , Olsson John Lachonius , Wolgast Sima 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to investigate the associations between client socioeconomic status and the therapeutic alliance.MethodsData on socioeconomic status and different aspects of the therapeutic alliance were obtained from participants currently or recently in psychotherapy and analyzed using structural equation modeling.ResultsThe results provided support for a structural equation model where socioeconomic status was positively related to the therapeutic alliance. The study also found that the associations between socioeconomic status and therapeutic alliance was significantly stronger among clients who had received psychodynamic therapy compared to those who had received cognitive behavior therapy.ConclusionsThe results are discussed in relation to research suggesting that clients of lower socioeconomic status are estranged from the psychotherapeutic context, reflecting experiences among the clients both of not being understood and as inferior in relation to their therapist, as well as possible perceptions that such client are less suitable for psychotherapy.
Remittances and households' livelihood in the context of Covid‐19: Evidence from Burkina Faso
Authors: Tapsoba Tebkieta Alexandra 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUsing data from a migration survey conducted in Burkina Faso, this research seeks to understand the Covid‐19 pandemic's effects on migrant remittances and households' livelihood. Results suggest that migrant households and those receiving remittances are less likely to report a negative effect of the pandemic on their livelihood. More precisely, we find that if remittances sent by migrants remained the same or increased during the pandemic, households are less likely to report a negative effect on their livelihood. We resort to a recursive bivariate probit model and a two‐stage residual inclusion estimator, using variables that capture xenophobia and possession of identity papers as instruments for remittances.
Small, but smart: Fine structure of an avicularium in Dendrobeania fruticosa (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata)
Authors: Shunatova Natalia , Serova Ksenia , Denisova Sofia , Shchenkov Sergei , Ostrovsky Andrew 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBryozoans are small benthic suspension‐feeding colonial animals. Among this phylum, there are representatives showing a lesser or greater degree of polymorphism, and the most common type of polymorphic zooids is the avicularium. Here we present a detailed description of the bird's‐head shaped avicularium in Dendrobeania fruticosa. The body cavity of the avicularium demonstrates an acoelomate condition: along the cystid walls, there is neither the layer of extracellular matrix toward the epidermis, nor coelomic lining. However, a layer of extracellular matrix and epithelialized cells lie under the epidermis of the tentacle sheath. Probably, such construction helps the tentacle sheath to acquire some rigidity—it is the only region of the body wall without an ectocyst. We did not find typical funicular strands in the avicularium, but there is a delicate mesh composed of stellate cells with thin and long projections, which sometimes isolate the spaces filled with a heterogeneous matrix. The proximal ends of the adductors, abductors, and polypide retractors are attached to the body wall via typical epidermal tendon cells, which possess numerous bundles of tonofilaments. The distal ends of the abductors and adductors attach to the frontal membrane or upper vestibular membrane, respectively. The inner organic layer of the ectocyst in these regions forms large protrusions, from which numerous thin outgrowths branch off. We suggest them to be a functional analogue of apodemes and apodemal filaments in arthropods. “Apodemal” tendon cells have long and thin projections that line the outgrowths of the ectocyst and surround the distal ends of the muscle cells. At these sites, “apodemal” tendon cells possess numerous tonofilaments. The vestigial polypide includes the tentacle sheath, rudimentary lophophore, cerebral ganglion, and polypide retractors. The sensory part of 5HT‐positive cells of the frontal membrane is dendrite‐shaped and embedded in the inner organic layer of the ectocyst.
The unresolved question on COVID‐19 virus origin: The three cards game?
Authors: Borsetti Alessandra , Scarpa Fabio , Maruotti Antonello , Divino Fabio , Ceccarelli Giancarlo , Giovanetti Marta , Ciccozzi Massimo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe ongoing discussion about the real origin of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) feeds acrimonious debates. Where did SARS‐CoV‐2 come from? Was SARS‐CoV‐2 transmitted in the wild from an animal to a person before exploding in Wuhan or was it an engineered virus that escaped from research or a laboratory in Wuhan? Right now, we still don't know enough whether SARS‐CoV‐2 is human‐made or not, and lab‐leak theories remain essentially speculative. Many recent studies have pointed out several plausible scenarios. Anyhow, currently, even if suspicions by some about the possibility of lab‐leak hypothesis still remain, the consensus view is that the pandemic probably started from a natural source and, to determine the real origin of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, further research is needed.
Assessing hydrolytic enzyme production ability of bacterial strains from bovine manure as potential biowaste conversion candidates
Authors: Aiysha Dalaq , Latif Zakia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMicrobial enzymatic degradation of biowaste is a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for eliminating biowaste pollution. It is the underlying cause of the ever‐increasing demand for harnessing multipurpose microbes to work as an entity under given complex processes. Twelve bacterial strains of bovine manure were evaluated for their hydrolytic enzyme activity and optimization. Six enzymes; cellulase, amylase, pectinase, chitinase, protease, and gelatinase were selected based on their corresponding abundant biowaste, that is, cellulose, proteinaceous, chitin, and polymeric starchy biowaste. The preliminary qualitative screening was followed by quantitative enzyme production as well as optimal enzyme production conditions. Irrespective of their sample source and origin, all strains showed the highest enzyme production when grown at 40°C for 72 h with pH 7. Comparatively, among the selected enzymes, strains were higher producers of cellulase, protease, and gelatinase. The present study reported the first time Brevibacillus parabrevis (DZ.15) as pectinase producer, Achromobacter spanius (DZ.1) as amylase‐protease‐chitinase producer, Achromobacter piechaudii (DZ.12) as pectinase‐chitinase‐gelatinase producer, and two Achromobacter kerstersii (DZ.16 and DZ.17) as pectinase‐chitinase producers. Therefore, this study suggested that bovine manure microbes exhibiting novel potential can be used for hydrolysis of environmental biowaste.
Ketogenic diet and cancer: Fad or fabulous?
Authors: Mundi Manpreet S. , Mohamed Elfadil Osman , Patel Ishani , Patel Jalpan , Hurt Ryan T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs the prevalence of smoking continues to decline, dietary factors are rapidly becoming the leading preventable cause of disease. Diet and obesity are also leading to a shift in cancer prevalence with increases noted in breast, liver, pancreas, and uterine cancers. Once cancer is detected, obesity is also associated with poorer outcomes with therapy as well as higher morbidity and mortality. Key factors are associated with the link between obesity and cancer including chronic inflammation, change in sex hormones, alteration in insulin‐IGF‐1 axis, alteration in adipokines, as well as cancer stem cells that are derived from adipose tissue. Because of these associations, a great deal of effort is being placed in implementing lifestyle changes that mitigate obesity‐associated factors that contribute to development of cancer, reduce side effects of treatment, and improve survival. Ketogenic diet is emerging as an attractive option in countering obesity‐related tumor‐promoting factors, as it is associated with weight loss as well as a reduction in insulin resistance and inflammation. Ketogenic diet can also deprive cancer cells of glucose, a fuel source that is predominantly used by many cancer lines through aerobic glycolysis in the setting of dysregulated mitochondria. Current manuscript reviews the theoretical benefits for use of ketogenic diet in cancer as well as the data available from clinical trials.
The evolution of adjuvant/neoadjuvant trials for resectable localized sarcoma
Authors: Gervais Mai‐Kim , Callegaro Dario , Gronchi Alessandro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSoft‐tissue sarcomas are rare tumors arising from mesenchymal tissues. As a heterogeneous group comprising more than 50 types, the development of clinical trials remains challenging. Decision‐making for neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy is based on the available evidence of contemporary trials and multidisciplinary clinical judgment.
Is a journal's ranking related to the reviewer's academic impact? (An empirical study based on Publons)
Authors: Lei Yan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between a journal's ranking and the reviewer's academic impact through extracting bibliometric information about reviewers for the top 1,000 Publons medical partner journals between February 2019 and 2020. Pairwise comparisons illustrate that reviewers of higher impact factor/average journal impact factor (IF/JIF) percentile ranked journals had better citation metrics than those of lower‐ranked journals. Multilevel ordinal logistic regression analysis reveals a lower level of average citations per item and total citations, as well as h‐index scores, are associated with researchers who review for lower IF ranked journals; a lower level of average citations per item and verified reviews are associated with reviewing for lower JIF percentile ranked journals. Higher average citations per item and verified reviews are positively associated with reviewing for SCI journals compared to journals without an IF/JIF percentile. The results also show that there is no statistical difference in the academic impact of researchers who review for journals that have the lowest Impact factors and those that do not have an Impact Factor. These findings, although restricted to medical journals, may provide insights for editors when selecting reviewers.
Pelagic N2 fixation dominated by sediment diazotrophic communities in a shallow temperate estuary
Authors: Hallstrøm Søren , Benavides Mar , Salamon Ellen R. , Evans Clayton W. , Potts Lindsey J. , Granger Julie , Tobias Craig R. , Moisander Pia H. , Riemann Lasse 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEstuaries receive substantial anthropogenic nitrogen loading and are mainly considered net nitrogen sinks. While several studies have identified diverse diazotrophic communities in estuarine sediments, the role of pelagic diazotrophs in these systems is not well understood. We investigated the links between diazotrophic community composition, nitrogenase (nifH) gene expression, N2 fixation, and environmental conditions in Narragansett Bay (USA). Pelagic N2 fixation rates ranged between 0.02 and 9.41 nmol N L−1 d−1 and correlated significantly with fluctuations in diazotroph community composition. These fluctuations were also correlated with temperature, salinity, and mean sea level. The dominant sequences in our pelagic samples were related to sequences previously detected in the bay's sediments and were dominated by nifH gene Clusters I and III. We interpret this as a coupling between sediment and pelagic diazotroph communities and speculate that resuspension plays an important role for pelagic N2 fixation in shallow estuarine environments such as Narragansett Bay. For instance, the finding of active sulfate reducers in the oxygenated water illustrates that the sediment‐pelagic coupling can impact nutrient cycling in shallow environments. The pelagic N2 fixation measured during our study period showed only a minor contribution (< 1%) to the total estimated nitrogen load to Narragansett Bay. However, with intensifying nitrogen management in estuaries, the need to constrain the rates of pelagic N2 fixation in these systems will be essential for estimating nitrogen fluxes within the bay and to the adjacent coastal ecosystems.
Physiology of Tremor Reduction by Putting the Hands Together in Essential Tremor
Authors: McGurrin Patrick , Vial Felipe , Osterholt Thomas , Norato Gina , Khan Imran , Haubenberger Dietrich , Ehrlich Debra , Hallett Mark 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundEssential tremor is a common movement disorder, characterized by 4–12 Hz tremor of the hands and arms that can affect many activities of daily living. It has been reported by patients that when performing tasks bimanually their tremor is reduced, but why this happens is unknown.ObjectivesWe measured patients' tremors in different conditions when performed with 1 hand and 2 hands to observe if bimanual task performance changes the characteristics of the tremor.MethodsA total of 10 patients with essential tremor participated in the study. Electromyographic electrodes were attached bilaterally to the wrist flexor and extensor muscles, and accelerometers were attached to the dorsum of the hands. For each condition, holding a cup, wingbeat, and extending both arms up, data were collected with a single hand and bimanually with the hands touching.ResultsWhen the hands were touching, there was a significant decrease in both accelerometric and electromyographic power at the tremor frequency. In addition, there was a decrease in coherence between accelerometer and electromyography on the same side. There was no change in the tremor frequency.ConclusionsTremor amplitude does decrease when the hands are together. Together, the characteristics underlying the decrease in tremor amplitude may indicate a decrease in power of the central oscillator driving the tremor, which we speculate is attributed to the differences in unimanual and bimanual motor control. However, given the small sample size, we note that future hypothesis‐driven studies with an a priori power analysis will be required to further explore this phenomenon.
Optimal hybrid control of interarea oscillation in power system using energy storage systems
Authors: Biroon Roghieh A. , Pisu Pierluigi , Schoenwald David 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUnmanaged renewables integration into the power system will raise the possibility of small‐signal instability due to higher load deviations in the transmission lines. In power grids with a higher penetration level of the renewables, the load deviation can cause interarea oscillation in the grid. Meanwhile, large‐scale battery energy storage systems are promising solutions to enhance power system stability by smoothening the load profile and their fast response. To damp the interarea oscillations without compromising the voltage stability, we need to consider the battery's dynamic model inaxis. The battery's dynamic model inaxis allows us to integrate the battery into the power system and simulate both the battery's active and reactive power injection/absorption. In this paper, we model the battery energy storage onaxis. Then, the battery model is augmented into the two‐area four‐machine power system. An optimum hybrid controller using linear quadratic regulator techniques is designed to damp generators' frequency deviations. The results show that the interarea oscillations are damped without losing the voltage stability of the system.
Characteristics and outcomes of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in Japanese elementary‐school students on total parenteral nutrition
Authors: Tamura Akira , Minami Koichi , Tsuda Yuko , Tsujimoto Hiroshi , Ichikawa Takayuki , Mizumoto Kazuhiro , Suzuki Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTThe clinical outcomes of adolescents with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) remain unclear. Furthermore, no report has compared the characteristics of ARFID and restricting‐type anorexia nervosa (R‐AN) in elementary‐school students on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). This study retrospectively reviewed inpatients diagnosed with ARFID or R‐AN between 2005 and 2019. Patients with ARFID (two boys and seven girls) and R‐AN (13 girls) were hospitalized because of rapid physical deterioration, and nutrition therapy was continued without withdrawal. The ARFID group exhibited significantly lower body weights at admission than the R‐AN group and gained an average of 6.5 kg during hospitalization; furthermore, the monthly weight gain during hospitalization was significantly higher, and no relapse was observed. Early physical improvement in ARFID resulted in good recovery. In conclusion, TPN can be easily introduced to patients with ARFID, in whom aversive eating is a concern, and is a suitable treatment for ARFID.
Riligustilide alleviates hepatic insulin resistance and gluconeogenesis in T2DM mice through multitarget actions
Authors: Qu Xiaodan , Guan Peipei , Xu Lixiao , Liu Bo , Li Minglei , Xu Zhaonan , Huang Xueshi , Han Li 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRiligustilide (RG), one of the dimeric phthalides of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong, was confirmed effective against many diseases. However, its effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated yet. The current study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic potential by which RG affects the pathogenesis of T2DM. Comprehensive insights into the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of RG on attenuating aberrant metabolism of glucose were determined in high‐fat diet‐induced T2DM mice and insulin‐resistant (IR) HepG2 cells. In high‐fat diet‐induced C57BL/6J mice, RG administration significantly reduced hyperglycemia, decreased hyperinsulinemia, and ameliorated glucose intolerance. Mechanistically, RG activated PPARγ and insulin signaling pathway to improve insulin sensitivity, and increase glucose uptake as well as glycogenesis. In addition, RG also upregulated AMPK‐TORC2‐FoxO1 axis to attenuate gluconeogenesis in vivo and in vitro. According to the findings, RG may be a promising candidate for the treatment of T2DM.
Investigation of dysregulated lipid metabolism in diabetic mice via targeted metabolomics of bile acids in enterohepatic circulation
Authors: Ruan Yanjiao , Liu Rong , Gong Lingzhi 
Published: December 2021

RationaleThe mechanism of lipid metabolism disorder in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains unclear. This study aimed to reveal the mechanism underlying dysregulated lipid metabolism in T2DM through bile acid metabolism.MethodsA db/db mouse model was employed to investigate the alteration of bile acid profiles in T2DM. Ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantify the detailed bile acid levels in each compartment of enterohepatic circulation. The pathological change of mouse liver was assessed by liver histology and serum biochemical assays. The expression level of bile acid‐related transporters and synthases was measured with Western blot analysis.ResultsThe results showed that T2DM can result in severe liver fat accumulation and liver damage. In addition, compared to the control group, in T2DM mice, bile acid synthesis is reduced, while the level of bile acids is increased at the storage sites and the reabsorption sites, but there are subtle gender differences. Further, the ratio of conjugated bile acids in total bile acid in the liver of T2DM mice increased significantly relative to the control group for both female and male mice.ConclusionsIn T2DM, bile acid metabolism is disordered in both male and female mice, which could be the underlying mechanism of dysregulated lipid metabolism in T2DM.