bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Art as Black and White: examining interactions between race in the 20th century through Black artist experience.
Authors: Collins Tucker , Davis Shannon 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between African-American art throughout the 20th century and mainstream art critics’ perspectives of the African-American community. Aaron Douglas’, Jacob Lawrence’s, and Jean Michel Basquiat’s experiences as artists spanned the 20th century. The study examined approximately 40 primary documents written by White individuals who played a role in the mainstream art world during the 20th century. The analysis determined that there was no change in the perspectives of the White majority towards the African-American community in response to Aaron Douglas’, Jacob Lawrence’s, and Jean Michel Basquiat’s art. Two main themes emerged regarding White response to these artists. First, the White majority seems to have felt threatened by the African-American community and utilized its power to keep African-American art confined to its own community. Second, the White majority commodified African-American art in order to keep it outside the mainstream. Therefore, the key contribution of this study is to document one important way that racism seeped into the arts. Not only can the findings be applied to other methods of cultural production, but the construction of this study can provide a model for other studies dealing with similar qualitative materials.
“When Am I Fertile?”: A Pilot Study Comparing Ovulation Prediction Accuracy of Apps and LH Kits
Authors: Enenbach Molly , Haworth Cassandra , Hawkins Camille , Kochmann Matthias 
Published: March 2021

Prediction of peak fertility is critical yet challenging in both planning and preventing pregnancy. Period tracking applications for the smartphone are ubiquitous, free of charge, and user friendly with many providing ovulation estimates. The objective of this study was to analyze the period tracking applications (apps)’ ability to accurately predict fertility windows and ovulation. Three medical students tracked their menstrual cycle over four months in seven commercially available menstrual period tracking applications. Six of the apps were analyzed for fertility window, ovulation prediction, and usability. Two home ovulation kits were utilized to confirm ovulation. The sensitivity to predict the fertility window ranged from 35% to 94% (p<0.05) while sensitivity to predict ovulation ranged from 0% to 31% (p>0.05). Four of the apps allowed for menstrual cycle lengths greater than 35 day and offered an adjustable algorithm. Apps had increased sensitivity due to an expanded fertility window with increased number of predicted fertile days, but a low ovulation sensitivity and an inability to predict the day of ovulation. Additionally, apps allowed for additional personal information to be added with some apps sharing this data with a third party, raising the question of data protection for users. Solely using period tracking apps is not the gold standard for contraception or conception. The use of these apps in conjunction with luteinizing hormone home kits for detection of physiologic ovulation provides an accurate tool that allows a woman to take charge of her reproductive health.
LA NUEVA REGULACIÓN LEGISLATIVA DE LA COMISIÓN PERMANENTE DEL CONSEJO GENERAL DEL PODER JUDICIAL: ¿REFORMA LEGAL O MUTACIÓN CONSTITUCIONAL?
Authors: DONAIRE VILLA FRANCISCO JAVIER 
Published: March 2021

Se analiza en este trabajo la nueva configuración legislativa de la
Comisión Permanente del Consejo General del Poder Judicial. Para su mejor encuadramiento,
se examinará en primer lugar el marco constitucional aplicable, y
se trazará una panorámica del Derecho comparado. A continuación, se expondrán
las novedades esenciales (composición, estatuto de sus miembros y funciones de
la Comisión Permanente), introducidas en la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial por
la Ley orgánica 4/2013, y se efectuarán, a modo de conclusión, algunas reflexiones
finales en torno a estas modificaciones legislativas y su encaje constitucional.
Lan honetan Botere Judizialaren Kontseilu Nagusiko Batzorde
Iraunkorraren legegintzako konfigurazio berria aztertzen da. Hobeto kokatzearren,
lehenik eta behin aplikatzekoa den konstituzio-esparrua aztertuko da, eta Zuzenbide
konparatuaren panoramika bat marraztuko da gero. Ondoren, 4/2013 Lege organikoak
Botere Judizialaren Lege Organikoan sartu dituen funtsezko berritasunak
azalduko dira (osaketa, batzordekideen estatutua eta Batzorde Iraunkorraren eginkizunak)
eta, lanaren ondorio modura, azken gogoeta batzuk egingo dira legeriaren
aldaketa hauen inguruan eta Konstituzioan beroriek izan dezaketen doiketaz.
This paper analyzes the new legislative configuration of the
Permanent Commission of the Spanish General Council of the Judiciary. For a
better understanding, it first deals with the existing constitutional framework and
makes next an overview of the applicable comparative law. It surveys then the
essential amendments introduced in the Spanish Organic Act of the Judiciary by
the Organic Act 4/2013, and concludes with some thoughts on the constitutional
insertion of these legislative changes.
LA ADMINISTRACIÓN ELECTORAL: LA JUNTA ELECTORAL CENTRAL. SU SUJECIÓN AL DERECHO ADMINISTRATIVO
Authors: TRAYTER JIMÉNEZ JOAN MANUEL 
Published: March 2021

La Junta Electoral Central (JEC) es el órgano superior de la Administración
Electoral en España, conformada por el conjunto de entes estructurados
territorialmente que, de manera autónoma e independiente del poder ejecutivo,
garantizan la transparencia y objetividad del proceso electoral, así como el principio
de igualdad.
Este trabajo, tiene por objeto analizar la posición de la Junta Electoral dentro
del poder ejecutivo y su régimen jurídico, examinando con qué especificidades se
le aplica el Derecho administrativo y las leyes propias de este ámbito del ordenamiento
a esta particular Administración. Especial atención se presta al alcance y
límites a los que está sometida la JEC a la hora de dictar instrucciones; así como
a la posible limitación por parte de este órgano del Derecho constitucional de reunión
y manifestación en período electoral.
Hauteskunde Batzorde Zentrala da Espainiako Hauteskunde Administrazioaren
organo gorena; lurraldeka egituratutako erakunde multzo batek
osatzen du eta, botere betearazlearekiko burujabea eta independentea izanik, hauteskunde-
prozesuaren gardentasuna eta objektibotasuna bermatzen ditu, berdintasun-
printzipioarekin batera.
Lan honen xedea Hauteskunde Batzordeak botere betearazlearen eta bere araubide
juridikoaren barruan zer kokapen duen aztertzea da, eta, Administrazio berezi
horri administrazio-zuzenbidea eta ordenamenduaren eremu honetako legeak nolako
espezifikotasunez aplikatzen zaizkion analizatzea. Arreta berezia eskaintzen
zaie Hauteskunde Batzorde Zentralak jarraibideak diktatzeko orduan dituen irismenari
eta mugei; bai eta, organo horren aginduz, hauteskunde-aldian biltzeko eta
adierazteko eskubide konstituzionalari ezar liezaiokeen mugaketari ere.
The Central Electoral Board (CEB) is the highest body within the
electoral adminsitration in Spain, formed by the group of entities territorially
structured that in an autonomous and independent way guarantee transparency
and objetivity during electoral processes together with the principle of equality.
This work aims at analyzing the position of the Electoral board within the executive
power and its legal regime, considering the Administrative Law specifities that are
applied and the specific laws ruling this particular Administration. We pay special
attention to the scope and limits to which the Central Electoral Board is bound,
specially when it delivers instructions and also the possible limitation by this body
of the constitutional right of assembly and demostration during election times.
Impacts of Visa Policy on Inbound Tourism in Kazakhstan
Authors: Abdrakhman Akbota 
Published: March 2021

Every destination in the world tries to create affordable conditions for tourists to get the maximum benefit from international tourism and one of these conditions is accessibility, which refers to the visa policy of a country. An effective and appropriate visa policy makes travel destinations more attractive and easily accessible to visit. This research focuses on the visa policy of Central Asian country – the Republic of Kazakhstan and reveals several problems related to it, such as lack of information on the visa application process, especially on e-visa, raw systemized visa and migration portal, a long list of visa-needed countries, plenty of refusals in invitation letters by Migration Police and existence of huge visa restrictions for some countries. The current visa policy makes the Republic of Kazakhstan less open to foreigners and less competitive among other countries.
Based on a literature review on visa policy and its effects on the economy and tourism sector in a destination and by using comparative analysis of visa policies of two Central Asian countries – Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, several problems that affect inbound tourism, as well as recommendations for improvement of visa policy for Kazakh government are discussed in this research.
The blend fuel composition optimization to apply in tractor diesel engines
Authors: Buzikov Sh. V. , Plotnikov S. A. , Kozlov I. S. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction (problem statement and relevance).Today, vegetable oils, in particular, rapeseed oil (RO) are widely used types of fuels for diesel engines. The main physicochemical properties of RO are somewhat similar to diesel fuel (DF). However, one can highlight a large fraction of the oxygen content in it, which affects the fuel combustion intensity in diesel cylinders. In this regard, the addition of rapeseed oil is very important to optimize the composition of mixed fuel (MF) for its use in diesel engines. The purpose of the studywas optimizing the MF composition and obtaining experimental data of diesel engine effective performance by means of regression analysis.Methodology and research methods.To optimize the MF composition studies were carried out to determine the relative fractions of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen in RO and MF, as well as bench tests of diesel fuel and MF with various RO additives operation, followed by the regression analysis of effective indicators.Scientifi c novelty and results.The effective performance dependences of the diesel engine on the RO content in the MF have been determined. Basing on the obtained load characteristics of the diesel engine, it was concluded that an increase in the average effective pressure from 0.2 to 1.2 MPa, as well as in the share of RO in MF from 0 to 80%, would lead to an increase in the effective specifi c fuel consumption to 383–506 g/kW·h and the decrease in effective effi ciency by 14–28%. On the basis of the regression analysis the maximum values of the optimality criterion indicators D-optimum = 0.98–1.0 with the addition of RO to MF from 45 to 50% were determined.Practical signifi cance. The value of the maximum permissible composition of MF, consisting of 50–55% of diesel fuel and 45–50% of RO and ensuring maximum compliance with the specifi ed conditions of optimality on the diesel engine under consideration has been obtained.
Capability in Utilizing Social Media as a Promotion Strategy for Increasing the UMKM Economy
Authors: Destianah Luky 
Published: March 2021

The business world in Indonesian is now expanding, including UMKM. A lot of MSMEs in Indonesian today can be used to support the country’s economy. Especially is it supported by the growing information technology. They include social media such as facebook, whatsapp, instagram, and the like, which can be used as promotional media for businesses. The fact is that micro business leaders lack the optimum understanding and optimally utilizing technology, which suggests that they lack the ability to read the business opportunities. If they can harness the technology optimally then surely the profit they get is absolute. Furthermore, people are more likely to know their business because of the unlimited social media reach, making it easier to be known to the public. From the data I’ve obtained, micro businesses are underulitizing the sophistication of current technology, especially for those who are old and have little knowledge. Then, the majority of women in business can not give much attention to their business because their something higher priority, such as family. As we know it is only natural for a women to take care of the household so that there is a gap between the male and the female. It is these gaps that prevent the use of information technology in the economic growth of MSMEs.
Pandemi Covid-19 dan Implikasinya terhadap Polarisasi Mazhab Teologi di Indonesia
Authors: Amtiran Abdon Arnolus 
Published: March 2021

This study was carried out to analyze the symptoms that arose at the time of the covid pandemic 19. The covid pandemic 19 caused an extraordinary crisis that shook social, political and economic life. Millions of people have been exposed and hundreds of thousands lost their lives. This caused panic, stress and frustration and in the lives of many people the church members were no exception. At the same time, there is a polarization in theological schools that are present in addressing this condition. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive method and literature analysis. The conclusion obtained that theological schools of thought is a reality that can not be nullified because it is the same age as Christianity itself. Therefore, what is urgent to do is a concerted effort to take concrete steps in dealing with this extraordinary crisis. And also the existence of a new theological effort in the midst of the enactment of "New Normal", because theology itself is the answer to the problems that occur in the middle of the world.

Abstract
Kajian ini dilakuan untuk menganalisis gejala-gejala yang timbul pada saat terjadinya Pandemi Covid-19. Pandemi ini telah menimbulkan krisis luar biasa yang menggoncang-kan kehidupan sosial, politik dan ekonomi. Jutaan orang telah terpapar dan ratusan ribu orang kehilangan nyawa. Hal ini menimbulkan kepanikan, stres dan dan frustrasi dan pada kehidupan banyak orang tidak terkecuali warga gereja. Pada saat yang sama, terjadi polarisasi dalam mazhab-mazbah teologi yang ada dalam menyikapi kondisi ini. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan analisis literatur. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh, bahwa mazhab-mazhab teologi merupakan sebuah realitas yang tidak bisa ditiadakan sebab ia ada seusia kekristenan itu sendiri. Oleh karena itu, yang mendesak dilakukan adalah adanya upaya bersama melakuan langkah konkrit dalam menghadapi krisis luar biasa ini. Dan pula adanya upaya berteologi secara baru di tengah-tengah diberlakukannya “New Normal”, karena teologi itu sendiri adalah “jawaban” atas persoalan yang terjadi di tengah-tengah dunia.
Writing the Manic Subject: Rhetorical Passivity in Plato'sPhaedrus
Authors: Reames Robin , Sloey Courtney 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThis essay questions the reading of Plato's Phaedrus according to which writing is understood as a mechanism of objectivity and critical distance. Plato's denomination of writing as a “pharmakon” (a poison/cure) indicates a deep ambiguity in his definition of writing—an ambiguity embodied in Phaedrus's written speech. The speech triggers both critical analysis and a simultaneous “rhetorical passivity,” whereby upon hearing the speech Socrates is consumed by a manic power. Although Socrates explicitly decries the detrimental consequences of writing in the Myth of Theuth (that it destroys living speech), he nevertheless is overcome by the power of the written speech and driven to a state of logomania. The Phaedrus demonstrates the potential for the written word to release one into a type of passivity, where the subject is no longer an autonomous master but a passive receiver.
A Study of Viscoelastic Model of Polymers in Shear Flow Based on Molecular Dynamic Simulations
Authors: LIU Donglei , ZHOU Haizhen , FANG Kun , CAO Chuanliang 
Published: March 2021

In this study, the rheological properties and physical significations of an incompressible viscoelastic (inCVE) the inCVE model was investigated by employing molecular dynamics calculations. Polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) polymers were selected as candidate materials, the corresponding cell models consisting of five chains of 80 (PP) and 30 (PS) units were built successively. The energy minimization and anneal treatment were launched to optimize the unfavorable structures. The periodic boundary condition, COMPASS force field and the Velocity-Verlet algorithm were employed to calculate the shear flow behavior of chains. The sample data were collected and fitted based on the Matlab platform, and the analysis of the variance (ANOVA) method was performed to determine the validity of the model. Experimental results reveal that the inCVE model matches well with the pseudo-plastic fluids. Compared with the Ostwald-de Waele power law model and Cross model, it is effective and robust, and exhibits a three-stage rheological characteristic. Moreover, it characterizes the stress yield, activation energy, temperature dependence and viscoelastic response of polymers.
The Hintze Ribeiro Bridge Collapse and the Lessons Learned
Authors: Simão Antunes Do Carmo José 
Published: March 2021

In March 2001, a serious accident occurred in Portugal during a flood on the Douro River, next to Porto, Portugal. The collapse of the Hintze Ribeiro Bridge killed 59 people traveling in a bus and in three cars that fell into the Douro River. This bridge was built at the end of the 19th century on a curve of the Douro River, next to the mouth of the Tâmega River, approximately 50 km upstream of Porto. It was found that the combined effects of sand dredging in the 25 years prior to the accident (1975–2000) and the erosion produced by five consecutive floods between December 2000 and March 2001 were the main causes of this accident. Aiming to contribute to the prevention of occurrences such as that registered in Portugal with the collapse of the Hintze Ribeiro Bridge, a brief overview of this bridge is presented herein, as well as the causes that led to the collapse, some reflections on the processes involved, and, mainly, the lessons learned.
L’aide médicale à mourir : état de la question et perspectives
Authors: Clouet Johanne 
Published: March 2021

L’aide médicale à mourir est législativement encadrée au Canada par le Code criminel et, au Québec, par la Loi concernant les soins de fin de vie. Après avoir mis en lumière les similarités de ces deux lois et leurs différences, l’auteure présente, dans ses grandes lignes, la décision de la Cour supérieure du Québec dans l’affaire Truchon c. Procureur général du Canada, qui a conclu à l’inconstitutionnalité des exigences de « fin de vie » et de « mort naturelle raisonnablement prévisible » respectivement prévues par le Code criminel et par la Loi provinciale. Constatant que la mort est devenue plus « accessible », l’auteure explore le potentiel de l’intelligence artificielle pour aider les professionnelles et les professionnels de la santé à avoir une communication de qualité avec une personne affligée d’une maladie grave et incurable quant à ses options de soins et à sa fin de vie.
Aproximación al valor social de un colegio rural agrupado: el caso del CRA “Sierra de Alcaraz”
Authors: Barba-Sánchez Virginia , Calderón Milán Beatriz , Calderón Milán María José , Sebastián Rivera Gabriel 
Published: March 2021

La medición del valor social, más allá del valor económico generado por las organizaciones, despierta un interés creciente en todo tipo de entidades y, en especial, en aquellas organizaciones en las que el valor social que generan es su principal razón de ser. Sin embargo, su supervivencia se vincula a cumplir una serie de ratios numéricos relacionados con el coste que suponen mantener en activo estas organizaciones, que nada tiene que ver con el valor social que generan, difícilmente medible en términos cuantitativos. Este es el caso de los Colegios Rurales Agrupados (CRA), cuya existencia, además de otros beneficios, fomenta el arraigo al territorio, previniendo lo que se ha dado en denominar la España despoblada. En este contexto, se sitúa el presente trabajo, cuya primera contribución es aproximarnos al valor social generado por el CRA Sierra de Alcaraz (Albacete). La metodología que se sigue es el estudio del caso y el proceso de análisis se sustenta en el método SPOLY, especialmente indicado para organizaciones de no mercado, como es el caso de las instituciones educativas públicas. Así, en el trabajo se identifican los grupos de interés del CRA Sierra de Alcaraz y, por medio de una serie de entrevistas a los mismos, se definen las variables de valor orientadas a indicadores, cuya cuantificación permite aproximarnos al valor social generado por el CRA Sierra de Alcaraz y realizar un análisis de su eficiencia económica en términos sociales. Como resultado del trabajo, se obtiene que el valor social integrado casi duplica el valor socio-económico directo generado por esta entidad.
Social value measurement in basketball clubs: is it possible?
Authors: Mendizabal Leiñena Xabier , García Merino José Domingo 
Published: March 2021

In recent decades, sport has become one of the most important social activities in the Western world, showing an important capacity to attract people from different backgrounds. In this sense, basketball clubs do not pursue economic profit maximization, but instead they need to be analyzed according to their capacity of creating both social and economic value. In this regard, social accounting, as a tool that measures social effects, is also applicable to a basketball club.For that end, in this paper we have applied part of a social accounting methodology, the SPOLY Methodology (Retolaza, San-Jose, & Ruíz-Roqueñi, 2015), to two elite basketball clubs of the ACB League (Spanish First Division), in order to make further steps towards the future monetization of social value. For that purpose, in this paper we will identify different outputs and proxy-s corresponding to a range of specific social value variables established in the interviews with the different stakeholders that were identified in a standard stakeholder map for elite basketball clubs (Mendizabalet al., 2020).Subsequently, 13 sports management experts, both lecturers and practitioners, have validated the list of specific social value outputs and proxy-s identified. The findings support the application of the SPOLY Methodology in basketball clubs, and the process of adaptation and validation carried out throughout the paper. The results also open a way towards the application of SPOLY Methodology in other top-flight sport organizations.