bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan antara Integral Henstock dengan Integral Henstockdelta pada Skala Waktu
Authors: Parulian Albert , Sudarwanto Sudarwanto , Hadi Ibnu 
Published: February 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana hubungan antara Integral Henstock dengan Integral Henstock-Delta pada skala waktu. Konsep dasar dari kedua integral tersebut terletak pada pembentukan partisi yang muncul pada konsep Integral Riemann. Perluasan konsep ini yang menjadi dasar dalam hubungan antara Integral Henstock dengan Integral Henstock-Delta pada skala waktu. Hubungan tersebut tertuang dalam teorema, misalkan terdefinisikan pada skala waktu dan didefinisikan oleh

sehingga jika terintegralkan Henstock pada selang maka terintegralkan Henstock-Delta pada skala waktu.
Kata kunci : Integral Riemann, Integral Henstock, Integral Henstock-Delta, skala waktu, partisi .
Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps when Modeling Plague Infection in Mice Immunized with Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG
Authors: Kravtsov A. L. , Goncharova A. Yu. , Bugorkova S. A. , Devdariani Z. L. , Kozhevnikov V. A. 
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG on the process of neutrophil extracellular traps formation in vivo when modeling plague infection and assess their contribution to antiplague protection.Materials and methods. BALB/c mice, which were immunized subcutaneously with the Y. pestis EV NIIEG vaccine strain, were used in the study. Animals were infected with a virulent strain Y. pestis 231 at a dose of 20 LD50 (103 CFU). To evaluate the contribution of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to antibacterial protection, an experimental model was used based on fermenting NETs in the abdominal cavity of mice with nuclease. To calculate the number of NETs in peritoneal exudate (PE) fluorescent microscopy was applied. Phagocytic activity of PE cells was determined by flow cytometry. Bactericidal effect of NETs was recorded using bacteriological method.Results and discussion. In pre-immunized mice, the process of NETs formation in response to the reintroduction of plague microbe living cells was 5 times more intense than in intact animals and was accompanied by a significant increase in the killing of Y. pestis cells in PE. The use of micrococcus nuclease in the experiment for fermentation of the NETs, produced in the body of immunized animals, provided evidence of NET participation in conferring anti-infective protection against plague infection. Thus, the established fact of the NET formation in case of Y. pestis infection of mice immunized with Y. pestis EV NIIEG vaccine strain and the influence of this process on the effectiveness of protection against plague is the basis for further clarifying the immunopathogenetic role of neutrophil granulocytes in plague.
Natural-Focal Viral Fevers in the South of the European Part of Russia. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: Maletskaya O. V. , Taran T. V. , Prislegina D. A. , Dubyansky V. M. , Volynkina A. S. , Semenko O. V. , Vasilenko N. F. , Tarasov M. A. , Tsapko N. V. 
Published: February 2021

Objective of the study was to determine the modern epidemiological peculiarities of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in the south of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. Data of statistical documentation (epidemiological survey of the infectious disease focus, annual summary reports dated 2010–2019) and epizootiologic monitoring data submitted by the Rospotrebnadzor Administrations and the Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the constituent entities of the Southern and the North Caucasian Federal Districts were used. Descriptive, genetic, analytical methods and retrospective epidemiological analysis were applied.Results and discussion. The СCHF natural focus in the European south of Russia has an area of 815 thousand square kilometers and it is characterized by persistence, expansion of the territory, and circulation of CCHF virus European genotypes. CCHF virus genetic variants form the local overlapping populations. Over the period of 2010–2019 997 CCHF cases were registered. Moderate forms of the disease clinically prevailed (74.2 per cent). Hemorrhagic symptoms were noted in 29.3 % of patients. The lethal outcome of the disease was registered in 31 CCHF patients (3 %). Two cases of nosocomial infection were identified, nine health workers were infected by CCHF pathogen. The expansion of epizootically active territory of the CCHF natural focus is associated with the expansion of the Hyalomma marginatum ticks area northward due to the aridization of the steppes, in part because of global climate change. The stability of the CCHF virus population was noted. The epidemic core of the CCHF natural focus remains on the adjacent territory of the Rostov Region, Stavropol Territory and the Republic of Kalmykia. The higher efficiency of CCHF prevention measures on the territory of the core is stemming from the targetness and intensity of measures, contributing to the early seeking of medical care by patients, their early hospitalization which in its turn influenced the development of clinical manifestations and outcome of the disease, and also made it possible to minimize the CCHF nosocomial infections number, including those among the medical personnel.
Features of Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Associated with COVID-19
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Ezhlova E. B. , Demina Yu. V. , Noskov A. K. , Kovalev E. V. , Chemisova O. S. , Tverdokhlebova T. I. , Pavlovich N. V. , Vodop’yanov S. O. , Tsimbalistova M. V. , Gaevskaya N. E. , Volovikova S. V. , Stenina S. I. , Gudueva E. N. , Sagakyants M. M. , Aleshukina A. V. , Slis’ S. S. 
Published: February 2021

Objective: comparative study of the etiological structure of community-acquired pneumonia in SARSCoV-2 “+”and SARS-CoV-2 “-“ patients who sought help from medical organizations in the Rostov Region.Materials and methods. Biological material from 508 patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia who were on outpatient treatment or in hospitals in Rostov-on-Don was studied. Verification of respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 RNA, as well as M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila was performed by polymerase chain reaction in nasopharyngeal smears. Bacteriological analysis of sputum was carried out using differential diagnostic media, identification of isolated pathogens was carried out using time-of-flight mass spectrometry on Autoflex (Bruker Daltonics) with BioTyper 3.0 software.Results and discussion. During the spread of a new coronavirus infection in the Rostov Region, the main etiological agent of community-acquired pneumonia is the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Specific character of pneumonia in patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 is a higher incidence of mixed infection of both viral and bacterial etiology. Against the background of detection of a new coronavirus infection in patients with pneumonia, cases of detection of other types of coronaviruses have been registered (HKU-1,OC43, HL-63 and 229Е). The most common etiological agent of bacterial pneumonia in patients was Streptococcus spp., both in patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia and in patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Coronavirus patients represent a high risk group for the development of mycotic lung lesions.
Chirality Affecting Reaction Dynamics of HgS Nanostructures Simultaneously Visualized in Real and Reciprocal Space
Authors: Cao Zetan , He Jia , Liu Zhiwen , Zhang Haoran , Chen Bin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Chirality involved reactions enable to probe features in the fields of asymmetric synthesis and catalysis, which allow to gain insight into the fundamental mechanisms of topochemically controlled reactions. However, in situ observation of the chirality-associated reaction dynamics with simultaneous structural determination of new features has been lacking. Here, we report the direct visualization of the electron-beam-stimulated reaction dynamics of HgS nanostructures with chiral and achiral morphologies simultaneously in both real and reciprocal space. Under the electron-beam excitation of HgS nanostructures, the formation and evaporation dynamics of Hg nanodroplets were vividly pictured while the reciprocal space imaging revealed the structural transformation from monocrystalline to polycrystalline. Such induced changes were size-dependent, which were slowed down when involving the chirality in the nanostructures. The finding offers a fundamental understanding of topochemically controlled reaction mechanisms and holds promise of tuning asymmetric synthesis for catalysis related applications.
Association of Emergence of New Mutations in Circulating Tumuor DNA During Chemotherapy With Clinical Outcome in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jia Ning , Chang Lianpeng , Gao Xin , Shi Xiaohua , Dou Xuelin , Guan Mei , Shao Yajuan , Li Ningning , Cheng Yuejuan , Ying Hongyan , Sun Zhao , Zhou Yanping , Zhao Lin , Zhou Jianfeng , Bai Chunmei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The understanding of molecular changes in mCRC during treatment could be used to personalise therapeutic strategies. The aim of our study was to explore the association of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) with clinical outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).Methods: Sequential patients with mCRC receiving standard first-line chemotherapy were included prospectively. Both plasma ctDNA and serum CEA were assessed in samples obtained before treatment and after 4 cycles of chemotherapy (C4). Computed tomography (CT) scans were carried out at baseline and post-C4 (8–10 weeks) and were assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumours version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1). Target-capture deep sequencing with a panel covering 1,021 genes was performed to detected somatic mutations in ctDNA.Results: A total of 20 patients were prospectively included and treated with either leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) (15/20) or leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) (5/20). Median follow-up was 6.9 months (range 1.6-26.6). Somatic mutations for baseline ctDNA analysis were identified in 85% (17/20) of the patients. Mutation variations of ctDNA after chemotherapy were tested in 16/20 (80.0%) of the patients. In multivariate analyses, a high baseline molecular tumour burden index (mTBI) in ctDNA was associated with a higher risk of disease progression, as well as emergence of new mutations in ctDNA during chemotherapy. Patients with newly detected mutations had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) compared to those without (median 3.0 versus 7.3 months; hazard ratio (HR), 5.97; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.70– 50.69; P = 0.0003). Fold changes in mTBI from baseline to post-C4 were obtained in 80.0% (16/20) of the patients, which were also related to PFS. Patients with fold reduction in mTBI above 0.8-fold had longer PFS compared to those below (median 9.3 versus 4.1 months; HR, 4.51; 95% CI, 1.29-15.70; P = 0.0008).Conclusions: Newly detected mutations in ctDNA during treatment could be associated with clinical outcome in mCRC and may provide important clinical information.
Bridge Integrator 2, a New Specific Target for Improving Reproductive Life Span through RPS6 and NNT
Authors: Zhu Feng-Yu , Wang Li-Li , Meng Tie-Gang , Yang Zhi-Xia , Wang Ruo-Lei , Zhu Gang-Yi , Jin Zhen , Gao Lei-Lei , Wang Zhen-Bo , Sun Qing-Yuan , Zhang Dong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Female ovary is the earliest degenerated organ and it faces distinct medical disadvantages that impair primordial follicle reserve and oocyte quality. Herein, we found that bridge integrator 2 (Bin2) was predominant within mouse ovaries and oocytes, and global-knockout of Bin2 improved both female fertility and oocyte quality with healthy physiology in mice. Ovarian quantitative proteomics and phosphomics showed that Bin2 knockout specifically decreased only p-RPS6 of mTOR pathway; meanwhile, it increased nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT), the free-radical detoxifier, over 6-fold. Mechanically, phosphorylation at Thr423 & Ser424 translocated membrane Bin2 into cytoplasm to phosphorylate RPS6, while p-RPS6 bound 42-95 bp NNT UTR to inhibit NNT translation. We then synthesized a peptide (BPP) to mimic Bin2 inhibition, and found that 3-week BPP injection improved primordial follicle reserve and oocyte quality in aging or chemotherapeutics-treated mice. In all, Bin2 inhibition improve both primordial follicle reserve and oocyte quality without discernible side effects.
Testing CPT symmetry in ortho-positronium decays with positronium annihilation tomography
Authors: Moskal Pawel , Gajos Aleksander , Mohammed Muhsin , Chhokar Jyoti , Chug Neha , Curceanu Catalina , Czerwiński Eryk , Dadgar Meysam , Dulski Kamil , Gorgol Marek , Goworek Jacek , Hiesmayr Beatrix , Jasińska Bożena , Kapłon Łukasz , Karimi Hanieh , Kisielewska Daria , Klimaszewski Konrad , Korcyl Grzegorz , Kowalski Paweł , Krawczyk Nikodem , Krzemień Wojciech , Kozik Tomasz , Kubicz Ewelina , Niedźwiecki Szymon , Parzych Szymon , Pawlik-Niedźwiecka Monika , Raczyński Lech , Raj Juhi , Sharma Sushil , Choudhary Shivani , Shopa Roman , Sienkiewicz Andrzej , Silarski Michał , Skurzok Magdalena , Stepien Ewa , Tayefi Faranak , Wiślicki Wojciech 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Charged lepton system symmetry under combined charge, parity, and time-reversal transformation (CPT) remains scarcely tested. Despite stringent quantum-electrodynamic limits, discrepancies in predictions for the electron–positron bound state (positronium atom) motivate further investigation, including fundamental symmetry tests. While CPT noninvariance effects could be manifested in non-vanishing angular correlations between final-state photons and spin of annihilating positronium, measurements were previously limited by knowledge of the latter. Here, we demonstrate tomographic reconstruction techniques applied to three-photon annihilations of ortho-positronium atoms to estimate their spin polarisation without magnetic field or polarised positronium source. We use a plastic-scintillator-based positron-emission-tomography scanner as a high-acceptance photon detector to study CPT-prohibited angular correlation in ortho-positronium (o-Ps) annihilations. We record an unprecedented range of kinematical configurations of o-Ps annihilations into three photons. Tomographic reconstruction of the annihilation points in a large medium allows single-event estimation of positronium spin orientation and, consequently, determination of the complete spectrum of angular correlation between the annihilation plane orientation and positronium spin, the non-vanishing expectation value of which would manifest CPT-violating effects. We find no violation at the precision level of 10^{−4}, with a fourfold improvement on the previous measurement. This work enables application of positronium-imaging techniques to study discrete symmetries in positronium decays.
The Relationship Between Sarcopenia and Vitamin D Levels in Adults of Different Ethnicities: Findings From the West China Health and Aging Trend Study&nbsp;
Authors: Chen Xiaoyan , Hou Lisha , Yue Jirong , Wang Yang , Xia Xin , Dong Birong , Luo Shuyue , Liu Xiaolei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: Sarcopenia is a condition associated with progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function resulting in substantial negative health outcomes and disability in older adults. The present study was designed to identify risk factors associated with sarcopenia incidence in various ethnic groups in Western China based upon the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS2019) criteria in various ethnic groups in Western China and to explore the relationship between sarcopenia and vitamin D levels. Study design: A cross-sectional study of individuals that were 50 years of age or older (n = 4236) from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. Primary outcome and measures: An InBody 770 instrument was used for bioimpedance-based analyses of muscle mass, while a digital grip strength dynamometer was used for handgrip strength-based measurements of muscle strength. Physical performance was assessed based upon gait speed over 4 m. Other secondary variables were additionally analyzed as potentially relevant risk factors. Results: Sarcopenia affected an estimated 22.45% of studied individuals who were 50 years of age or older, with respective incidence rates in the < 60, 60–64, 65–79, and ≥80 age groups of 11.78%,19.44%, 32.65%, and 67.97%. Rates in males and females were 26.66% and 20.05%, respectively. In males, a significant difference in vitamin D levels was detected when comparing individuals with and without sarcopenia, although no such relationship was detected in females. Following adjustment for confounding variables, binary logistic regression analyses revealed that inadequate vitamin D was able to independently predict sarcopenia risk only in males (OR=1.875,95%CI: 1.109-3.169, P=0.019). Conclusions: Among middle-aged and older adults of multiple ethnicities in western China, we found that inadequate vitamin D was an independent predictor of sarcopenia risk specifically in males.
Strategies for Supplying Face Masks to the Population of Taiwan During the&nbsp;COVID-19 Pandemic.
Authors: Liu Chin-Mei , Lee Charles Tzu-Chi , Chou Shu-Mei , Ko Hai-Yun , Wang Jen-Hsin , Chih Yi-Chien , Chang Chia-Chi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

The use of face masks has become ubiquitous in Taiwan during the early COVID-19 pandemic. A name-based rationing system was established to enable the population of Taiwan to purchase face masks. This study is to assess the extent and fairness of face mask supply to the public in Taiwan.
Methods

The weekly face marks supplies were collected from name-based rationing system administrative statistics included national health insurance card and e-Mask selling record. National registered population statistics by age, gender, and district were collected from department of statistics ministry of the interior. The number of COVID-19 non-imported cases of Taiwan was collected from Taiwan centers of disease control.
Results

A total of 146,831,844 person times purchase records from February 6, 2020, to July 19, 2020, the weekly average face mask supply is 0.5 mask (per person) at the start of name-based rationing system, and gradually expanded to the maximum 5.1 masks (per person). Comparing the highest weekly total face mask supply (from Apr 9, 2020, to Apr 15, 2020) in aged 0–9 -, 10–19 -, 20–29 -, 30–39 -, 40–49 -, 50–69 -, 60–69 -,70–79 -, 80–89 -, 90–99, and > 100 years to the register population showed similar distribution between mask supplied people and total population (all standardized difference < 0.1).
Conclusions

The masks supply strategies has gradually escalated the number of face masks for the public, it not only has dominant decreased the barrier of acquiring face mask, but a fair supply for total population use of Taiwan.
Epidemiology and Injury Characteristic Between Bicycle and Motorcycle Under 19 Population: South Korea
Authors: Yun Hyeokmin , Bae SungJin , Lee Jung Il , Lee Duk Hee 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesBicycles and motorcycles are the main means of transportation and leisure for those under the age of 19 in South Korea. We aimed to identify epidemiology of injuries and to determine the injury characteristics and clinical outcomes of two-wheel vehicle-related accidents in individuals under the age of 19.Materials and methodsThis was a retrospective cohort and data, acquired from the National Emergency Department Information System, was collected from 401 emergency departments (EDs) between January 2016 and December 2018. We included injured patients aged < 19 years who experienced injuries while driving two-wheeled vehicles.Results We enrolled 54,342 two-wheel vehicle injury patients in the study (37,410 bicycle and 16,932 motorcycle-related), of which, males comprised 86.8% (bicycle) and 94.9% (motorcycle). External and extremity injuries were the most common injuries. ED mortality was 9 (0.0%) for bicycle injury and 53 (0.3%) in motorcycle injury. 3,346 (8.9%) patients with bicycle injuries and 4,096 (24.2%) with motorcycle injuries were hospitalised. Bicycle-related injuries included fractures in the clavicle (10.9%), humerus (13.4%), and forearm (25.4%). Motorcycle-related injuries included fractures in the pelvic ring (2.0%), acetabular (0.9%), femoral (10.2%), patellar (1.8%), tibiofibular (11.5%) and foot (7.5%). The mean ISS score of hospitalised patients was 12.0 ± 12.6 in bicycle-related injury and 17.6 ± 15.4 in motorcycle-related injury. The number of hospitalised bicycle injury patients with ISS > 16 of was 922 (27.6%), and that of hospitalised motorcycle injury patients with ISS > 16 was 1,850 (45.2%). The mean length of hospital stay (LOS) was 191.5.8 ± 224.2 hours in bicycle injury, while the mean LOS for motorcycle injury was 359.6 ± 416.7 hours. Hospital mortality cases were 6 (0.2%) with bicycle injury and 49 (1.2%) with motorcycle injury. Conclusions In the under-19 population, two-wheel vehicle-related injuries had a low mortality rate and occurred predominantly in males. Motorcycle injuries were higher in patients aged over 16 and were associated with higher ISS (>16), ICU admissions, and mortality rates than bicycle injuries. Bicycle accidents mainly caused upper limb fractures, while motorcycle accidents mainly caused lower limb fractures. Preventive measures according to each means and age group are required.
Technical and Tactical Diagnosis Model of Table Tennis Matches Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Huang Wenwen , Lu Miaomiao , Zeng Yuxuan , Hu Mengyue , Xiao Yi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The technical and tactical diagnosis of table tennis is extremely important for the preparation of matches, and there is a nonlinear relationship between athletes’ performance and their sports quality. As the neural network model has high nonlinear dynamic processing ability and has high fitting accuracy, the main purpose of this study was to establish a technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on a neural network to diagnose the influence of athletes’ techniques and tactics on the competition result. Methods: A three-layer back propagation neural network model for table tennis match diagnosis were established. The 30 technical and tactical analysis indexes that are closely related to winning a competition were selected based on the double three-phase evaluation method. And 100 table tennis matches were selected as data sample, of which 70 matches were taken as training sample to establish the diagnostic model, the other 30 matches were used to test the validity of the diagnostic model.Results: The technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on BP neural network had a high precision up to 99.997% and highly efficient in fitting (R2 = 0.99). It had a good ability to diagnose the technical and tactical abilities of table tennis players. The technical and tactical diagnosis results showed that the scoring rate of the fourth stroke of Harimoto had the greatest influence on the winning probability.Conclusion: The technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on BP neural network had a high precision and highly efficient in fitting. By using this model, the weights of the influence of athletes’ technical and tactical indexes on the winning probability of the competition can be calculated, which provides a valuable reference for formulating targeted training plans for players.