bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability Evaluation of Clustered Faults for Regular Networks Under the Probabilistic Diagnosis Model
Authors: Li Xiao-Yan , Zhang Yufang , Liu Ximeng , Wang Xiangke , Cheng Hongju 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs the scale of the system expands, processor failures are inevitable. Fault diagnosis has great significance in analyzing the reliability of multiprocessing systems. Probabilistic fault diagnosis is a method that attempts to diagnose nodes correctly with high probability. In this paper, we extend the threshold $t \leq 2$ to threshold $t=3$ for regular networks based on probabilistic diagnosis algorithm and determine the status of a cluster of nodes by analyzing the local performance. Moreover, we evaluate the global performance based on the Poisson distribution and the Binomial distribution and show that the achievement in terms of correctness demonstrates a good performance. Finally, we employ the probabilistic diagnosis scheme to explore some well-known networks, including complete cubic networks, dual cubes and hierarchical hypercubes as well.
Food Enzyme Database (FEDA): a web application gathering information about food enzyme preparations available on the European market
Authors: Deckers Marie , Van Braeckel Julien , Vanneste Kevin , Deforce Dieter , Fraiture Marie-Alice , Roosens Nancy h.c 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Following the European Commission No. 1332/2008 regulation and the consequent necessity of a scientific evaluation of food enzymes (FEs) for their approval for sale on the European Union market, many FE dossiers have been submitted to the European Commission and various documents currently co-exist. In order to centralize all relevant information in one structured location that is easily accessible to support enforcement laboratories and the competent authorities, we developed a web application, called Food Enzyme Database (FEDA). FEDA allows searching and collection of information originating from many different sources in one centralized portal. Queries can be performed using key information types, which include information on the producing company, production source (strain type, genetically modified microorganism status), type of enzyme protein and evaluation status with employed evaluation criteria. The database contains all current publicly available information. Centralizing all information coupled with intuitive searching functionality also allows the generation of general statistics regarding the current market situation. FEDA is open access and is freely available at the following location: https://feda.sciensano.be.
Database URL : https://feda.sciensano.be
Fibrosis and MAGNIFI-CD Activity Index at Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Predict Treatment Outcome in Perianal Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease Patients
Authors: van Rijn Kyra L , Meima-van Praag Elise M , Bossuyt Patrick M , D’Haens Geert R , Gecse Krisztina B , Horsthuis Karin , Snijder Harmanna J , Tielbeek Jeroen A W , Buskens Christianne J , Stoker Jaap 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Characteristic magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] features associated with long-term perianal fistula closure are still being discussed. This study evaluated the predictive value of degree of fibrosis and disease activity (MAGNIFI-CD index) at MRI for long-term clinical closure of Crohn’s perianal fistulas.

Methods
Crohn’s disease [CD] patients treated with surgical closure following anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-TNF] induction or anti-TNF alone for high perianal fistulas as part of a patient preference randomized controlled trial [PISA-II] between 2013 and 2020 with a post-treatment MRI and long-term clinical follow-up data were retrospectively included. Two radiologists scored the degree of fibrosis and MAGNIFI-CD index at pre- and post-treatment MRI. The accuracy of post-treatment MRI findings in predicting long-term clinical closure [12 months after the MRI] was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics [ROC] analysis.

Results
Fifty patients were included: 31 female, median age 33 years (interquartile range [IQR] 26–45). Fourteen patients showed a 100% fibrotic fistula at post-treatment MRI, all of which had long-term clinical closure. Median MAGNIFI-CD index at post-treatment MRI was 0 [IQR 0–5] in 25 patients with long-term clinical closure and 16 [IQR 10-20] in 25 patients without. ROC analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–0.99) for degree of fibrosis and 0.95 [95% CI 0.89–1.00] for the MAGNIFI-CD index, with a Youden cut-off point of 6 [91% specificity, 87% sensitivity].

Conclusions
Degree of fibrosis and MAGNIFI-CD index at post-treatment MRI are accurate in predicting long-term clinical closure and seem valuable in follow-up of perianal CD. A completely fibrotic tract at MRI is a robust indicator for long-term fistula closure.

EudraCT
2013-002932-25 and 2018-002064-15
Defining Transabdominal Intestinal Ultrasound Treatment Response and Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Systematic Review and Expert Consensus Statement
Authors: Ilvemark Johan F K F , Hansen Tawnya , Goodsall Thomas M , Seidelin Jakob B , Al- Farhan Heba , Allocca Mariangela , Begun Jakob , Bryant Robert V , Carter Dan , Christensen Britt , Dubinsky Marla C , Gecse Krisztina B , Kucharzik Torsten , Lu Cathy , Maaser Christian , Maconi Giovanni , Nylund Kim , Palmela Carolina , Wilson Stephanie R , Novak Kerri , Wilkens Rune 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsNo consensus exists on defining intestinal ultrasound response, transmural healing, or transmural remission in inflammatory bowel disease, nor clear guidance for optimal timing of assessment during treatment. This systematic review and expert consensus study aimed to define such recommendations, along with key parameters included in response reporting.MethodsElectronic databases were searched from inception to July 26, 2021, using pre-defined terms. Studies were eligible if at least two intestinal ultrasound [IUS] assessments at different time points during treatment were reported, along with an appropriate reference standard. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to examine study-level risk of bias. An international panel of experts [n = 18] rated an initial 196 statements [RAND/UCLA process, scale 1–9]. Two videoconferences were conducted, resulting in additional ratings of 149 and 13 statements, respectively.ResultsOut of 5826 records, 31 full-text articles, 16 abstracts, and one research letter were included; 83% [40/48] of included studies showed a low concern of applicability, and 96% [46/48] had a high risk of bias. A consensus was reached on 41 statements, with clear definitions of IUS treatment response, transmural healing, transmural remission, timing of assessment, and general considerations when using intestinal ultrasound in inflammatory bowel disease.ConclusionsResponse criteria and time points of response assessment varied between studies, complicating direct comparison of parameter changes and their relation to treatment outcomes. To ensure a unified approach in routine care and clinical trials, we provide recommendations and definitions for key parameters for intestinal ultrasound response, to incorporate into future prospective studies.
Safety of very high-power short-duration radiofrequency ablation for pulmonary vein isolation: a two-centre report with emphasis on silent oesophageal injury
Authors: Halbfass Philipp , Wielandts Jean-Yves , Knecht Sébastien , Le Polain de Waroux Jean-Benoît , Tavernier René , De Wilde Vincent , Sonne Kai , Nentwich Karin , Ene Elena , Berkovitz Artur , Mueller Julian , Lehmkuhl Lukas , Reichart Amelie , Lüsebrink Ulrich , Duytschaever Mattias , Deneke Thomas 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aims
Very high-power short-duration (vHPSD) via temperature-controlled ablation (TCA) is a new modality to perform radiofrequency pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), conceivably at the cost of a narrower safety margin towards the oesophagus. In this two-centre trial, we aimed to determine the safety of vHPSD-based PVI with specific emphasis on silent oesophageal injury.

Methods and results
Ninety consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) underwent vHPSD-PVI (90 W, 3–4 s, TCA) using the QDOT MICRO catheter, in conjunction with the nGEN (Bad Neustadt, n = 45) or nMARQ generator (Bruges, n = 45). All patients underwent post-ablation oesophageal endoscopy. Procedural parameters and complications were recorded. A subgroup of 21 patients from Bad Neustadt underwent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) to detect silent cerebral events (SCEs). Mean age was 67 ± 9 years, 59% patients were male, and 66% patients had paroxysmal AF. Pulmonary vein isolation was obtained in all cases after 96 ± 29 min. No steam pop, cardiac tamponade, stroke, or fistula was reported. None of the 90 patients demonstrated oesophageal ulceration (0%). Charring was not observed in the nMARQ cohort (0% vs. 11% in the nGEN group). In 5 out of 21 patients (24%), cMRI demonstrated SCE (exclusively nGEN cohort).

Conclusion
Temperature-controlled vHPSD catheter ablation allows straightforward PVI without evidence of oesophageal ulcerations or symptomatic complications. Catheter tip charring and silent cerebral lesions when using the nGEN generator have led to further modification.
The nutrient-improvement bacteria selected byAgave lechuguillaT. and their role in the rhizosphere community
Authors: Medina-de la Rosa Guadalupe , García-Oliva Felipe , Alpuche-Solís Ángel G , Ovando-Vázquez Cesaré , López-Lozano Nguyen E 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTAgave lechuguilla has one of the widest distributions among other agave species in the Chihuahuan Desert. Their capacity to grow in poorly developed soils and harsh conditions has been related to their association with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. In this work, we explored how soil properties and plant growth stage influence the composition of the rhizobacterial communities, their interactions, and the enzymatic activity and abundance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and organic phosphorus-mineralizing bacteria in two subregions of the Chihuahuan Desert. We found that mature plants of lechuguilla stimulated the activity and abundance of nutrient-improvement rhizobacteria, and these soil samples had a higher content of total organic carbon, ammonium (NH4) and nitrite + nitrate (NO2+NO3). Nutrient availability seems to be an essential driver of the bacterial community's structure since the genera with more connections (hubs) were those with known mechanisms related to the availability of nutrients, such as env. OPS17 (Bacteroidetes), Gemmatimonadaceae uncultured, S0134terrestrial group, BD211terrestrial group (Gemmatimonadetes), Chthoniobacteracea and Candidatus Udaeobacter (Verrucomicrobia). This work shows that the late growth stages of lechuguilla recruit beneficial bacteria that favor its establishment and tolerance to harsh conditions of the arid lands.
Plant–microbe–microbe interactions influence the faba bean nodule colonization by diverse endophytic bacteria
Authors: Youseif Sameh H , Abd El-Megeed Fayrouz H , Abdelaal Ali S , Ageez Amr , Martínez-Romero Esperanza 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTLegume root nodules harbor rhizobia and other non-nodulating endophytes known as nodule-associated bacteria (NAB) whose role in the legume symbiosis is still unknown. We analysed the genetic diversity of 34 NAB isolates obtained from the root nodules of faba bean grown under various soil conditions in Egypt using 16S rRNA and concatenated sequences of three housekeeping genes. All isolates were identified as members of the family Enterobacteriaceae belonging to the genera Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Raoultella. We identified nine enterobacterial genospecies, most of which have not been previously reported as NAB. All isolated strains harbored nifH gene sequences and most of them possessed plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits. Upon co-inoculation with an N2 fixing rhizobium (Rlv NGB-FR128), two strains (Enterobacter sichanensis NGB-FR97 and Klebsiella variicola NGB-FR116) significantly increased nodulation, growth and N-uptake of faba bean plants over the single treatments or the uninoculated control. The presence of these enterobacteria in nodules was significantly affected by the host plant genotype, symbiotic rhizobium genotype and endophyte genotype, indicating that the nodule colonization process is regulated by plant–microbe–microbe interactions. This study emphasizes the importance of nodule-associated enterobacteria and suggests their potential role in improving the effectiveness of rhizobial inoculants.
Comparative Genomics Reveals Recent Adaptive Evolution in Himalayan Giant Honeybee Apis laboriosa
Authors: Lin Dan , Lan Lan , Zheng Tingting , Shi Peng , Xu Jinshan , Li Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Himalayan giant honeybee, Apis laboriosa, is the largest individual honeybee with major ecological and economic importance in high-latitude environments. However, our understanding of its environmental adaptations is circumscribed by the paucity of genomic data for this species. Here, we provide a draft genome of wild A. laboriosa, along with a comparison to its closely related species, Apis dorsata. The draft genome of A. laboriosa based on the de novo assembly is 226.1 Mbp in length with a scaffold N50 size of 3.34 Mbp, a GC content of 32.2%, a repeat content of 6.86%, and a gene family number of 8,404. Comparative genomics analysis revealed that the genes in A. laboriosa genome have undergone stronger positive selection (2.5 times more genes) and more recent duplication/loss events (6.1 times more events) than those in the A. dorsata genome. Our study implies the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the high-altitude adaptation of A. laboriosa and will catalyze future comparative studies to understand the environmental adaptation of modern honeybees.
Regional lithospheric deformation beneath the East Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt based on ambient noise tomography
Authors: Wei Yu , Zhang Shuangxi , Li Mengkui , Wu Tengfei , Hua Yujin , Zhang Yu , Cai Jianfeng 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARY
The Qinling–Dabie orogenic belt, which contain the arc-shaped Dabbashan orocline and is the world's largest belt of HP/UHP metamorphic rocks, formed by a long-term complex amalgamation process between the North China Block and the Yangtze Block. To understand the collision processes and tectonic evolution, we constructed a 3-D S-wave velocity model from the surface to a depth of ∼120 km in the eastern Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt and its adjacent region by inverting 5–70 s phase velocity dispersion data of Rayleigh waves extracted from ambient noise data. Our 3-D model reveals low velocities in the middle–lower crust and high velocities in the upper mantle beneath the orogenic belt, suggesting the delamination of the lower crust. Our results support a two-stage exhumation model for the HP/UHP rocks in the study area. First-stage exhumation was caused by the slab breaking away from the subducted Yangtze Block during the Early–Middle Triassic. Partial melting of the lithospheric mantle caused by slab breakoff-related asthenospheric upwelling weakened the lithospheric mantle beneath the orogenic belt, and continued convergence of the two continental blocks led to further thickening of the lower crust. Such processes promoted lower-crust delamination, which triggered the second-stage exhumation of the HP/UHP rocks. In the Dabbashan orocline, two deep-rooted high-velocity domes, that is, Hannan–Micang and Shennong–Huangling domes, acted as a pair of indenters during the formation stage. High-velocity lower crust was observed beneath the Dabbashan orocline. In addition, our 3-D model reveals that high-velocity lithospheric mantle extends from the Sichuan Basin to the Dabbashan orocline, with a subhorizontal distribution, providing strong support for the high-velocity lower crust. We also observed the destruction of lithospheric mantle beneath the Yangtze Block; the destruction area is bounded by the North–South Gravity Lineament, suggesting that the destruction mechanism of the Yangtze Block may be similar to the North China Block.
Rayleigh-wave ellipticity in weakly heterogeneous layered media
Authors: Haney Matthew M , Tsai Victor C 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARY
We derive approximate expressions for the ellipticity (i.e. horizontal-to-vertical or vertical-to-horizontal ratio) of Rayleigh waves propagating in a layered medium. The approximation is based on the generalized energy equation for Rayleigh waves, which has been used previously to obtain perturbational results for ellipticity. For a medium with weakly heterogeneous layers, we obtain an approximation from the perturbational result by taking the background medium to be homogeneous. The generalized energy equation also requires an auxiliary function and we discuss how the various possible functions are related to the homogeneous Rayleigh-wave eigenfunction. The analysis reveals that, within the weak approximation, the product of ellipticity and squared phase velocity is linearly related to squared shear wave velocity in the subsurface. We show the accuracy of the approximation with a simple layer-over-half-space model and then demonstrate its utility in a linear inversion scheme for shear wave velocity.
Effect of cyclic loading at elevated temperatures on the magnetic susceptibility of a magnetite-bearing ore
Authors: Dudzisz Katarzyna , Walter Mario , Krumholz Ralf , Reznik Boris , Kontny Agnes 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARY
Cyclic loading at elevated temperatures occurs either naturally during tectonic or volcanic-induced earthquakes or can be human-induced due to various geological engineering activities. The aim of this study is to test if mechanical fatigue in rocks can be monitored by magnetic methods. For this purpose, the effect of cyclic-mechanical loading (150 ± 30 MPa) on the magnetic susceptibility and its anisotropy of a magnetite-bearing ore with varying temperatures (400 and 500 °C) and environment (air and vacuum) was investigated. Our study shows that magnetic susceptibility decreases significantly (up to 23 per cent) under air conditions and in vacuum (up to 4 per cent) within the first ca. 1000 cycles. Further loading does not significantly affect the magnetic susceptibility which then remains more or less constant. The decrease of susceptibility parameters is stronger at 500 °C compared to 400 °C under both experimental conditions. Magnetic susceptibility was always measured after decompression of the loaded sample at room temperature so that magnetostriction can be excluded as a reason for these changes. The higher the temperature at which samples were loaded the more pronounced is the oxidation of magnetite to haematite. The transformation of magnetite into haematite under ambient conditions is the most important mechanism influencing bulk magnetic properties. The weak changes in magnetic susceptibility after vacuum loadings are probably caused by intragranular microcracks formed on the surface of magnetite grains. These surface deformation structures are accompanied by the refinement of magnetic domains, which is observed by magnetic force microscopy. Bulk magnetic grain size modifications are also confirmed by hysteresis parameters as well as by the increasing Hopkinson peak ratios determined from magnetic susceptibility measurements over Curie point. The degree of magnetic anisotropy and shape factor only change for the air-treated samples and are therefore related to the haematite formation and not to irreversible ductile deformation in magnetite. Our experimental study shows that cyclic loading can change significantly the magnetic properties of a rock due to mineral transformation below &lt; 1000 cycles and that the first stages of mechanical fatigue, which are a precursor of the failure of rock, are closely associated with these transformations.
Building health literacy system capacity: a framework for health literate systems
Authors: Sørensen Kristine , Levin-Zamir Diane , Duong Tuyen V , Okan Orkan , Brasil Virginia Visconde , Nutbeam Don 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThe human and social implications of poor health literacy are substantial and wide-ranging. Health literacy represents the personal competencies and organizational structures, resources and commitment that enable people to access, understand, appraise and use information and services in ways that promote and maintain good health. A large-scale societal improvement of health literacy will require political buy-in and a systematic approach to the development of health literacy capacity at all levels. This article builds the case for enhancing health literacy system capacity and presents a framework with eight action areas to accommodate the structural transformation needed at micro, meso and macro levels, including a health literate workforce, health literate organization, health literacy data governance, people-centred services and environments based on user engagement, health literacy leadership, health literacy investments and financial resources, health literacy-informed technology and innovation, and partnerships and inter-sectoral collaboration. Investment in the health literacy system capacity ensures an imperative and systemic effort and transformation which can be multiplied and sustained over time and is resilient towards external trends and events, rather than relying on organizational and individual behavioural change alone. Nevertheless, challenges still remain, e.g. to specify the economic benefits more in detail, develop and integrate data governance systems and go beyond healthcare to engage in health literacy system capacity within a wider societal context.
Coproduction to improve preventive health services—experiences from Germany
Authors: Abu-Omar Karim , Weissenfels Anja , Mino Eriselda , Naber Inga , Klamroth Sarah , Geidl Wolfgang , Pfeifer Klaus 
Published: September 2021

Summary
Due to the beneficial impact of regular physical activity (PA) on non-communicable diseases, the number of countries integrating exercise referral schemes (ERSs) into their healthcare systems is growing. Owing to the limitations of existing PA promotion concepts in Germany’s healthcare system, efforts are currently being made towards developing a nationwide referral pathway. A research group at the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg is coordinating these efforts within a project funded by the Federal Ministry of Health. The aim is to develop, implement and evaluate a regional-level ERS that has the potential to be scaled up across Germany in the event of its demonstrated effectiveness. The project is based on an adapted Cooperative Planning approach requiring interaction between the academic sector and different actors of the healthcare sector. The present commentary reflects on challenges faced in the early stages of the co-production process. Besides the development of an adequate co-production methodology, it critically discusses stakeholder participation, knowledge gaps and actors’ willingness to take responsibility. In addition, although patients are represented by dedicated organizations, their perspective cannot be adequately captured using a co-production approach. Despite the joint development of an ERS, there remain important questions regarding the appropriateness of the co-production approach in a healthcare setting.