bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La burocratización neoliberal de la participación ciudadana en España
Authors: Martínez-Palacios Jone 
Published: June 2021

Ante el giro participativo global que se registra en las denominadas democracias occidentales, este artículo tiene por objetivo conocer la forma particular que adopta dicho giro en España. Para ello, se realiza un análisis desde un punto de vista genético de la institucionalización de la participación ciudadana en el país entre los años 1978 y 2017. De dicho análisis se concluye la existencia de una tendencia neoliberal con la que se implementa el giro participativo. En el texto se esbozan los tres movimientos principales que componen el diagnóstico de giro participativo neoliberal: 1) La naturalización de topos de la crisis de la democracia de carácter mecanicista; 2) la burocratización neoliberal de la participación y 3) la mercantilización privativa de la participación. Se explican las líneas generales de los tres movimientos y se profundiza en el análisis particular del segundo de ellos, la burocratización neoliberal de la participación ciudadana.
De la trace au patrimoine. Archéologie de la mise en mémoire d’un quartier autoconstruit à Marseille
Authors: Basset Karine 
Published: June 2021

L’ensemble d’habitation autoconstruit dit Chieusse-Pasteur, dans le XVIe arrondissement de Marseille, a connu depuis l’annonce des premières intentions de sa « réhabilitation », au début des années 1980, une trajectoire de patrimonialisation originale. Elle aboutit en 2015, vingt ans après la destruction de cet ensemble, à l’entrée d’un objet-trace, une maquette partielle du quartier, au Musée d’histoire de la ville. L’archéologie de la « mise en mémoire » de Chieusse-Pasteur permet de comprendre comment et par qui fut construite la singularité de cet héritage urbain, et les sens qui lui furent conférés. Au centre de cette trajectoire, la maquette de l’îlot disparu circule entre différents espaces mémoriels, fait émerger un débat sur le statut de la trace et questionne la nature et la portée des récits qu’elle suscite. Dans quelle mesure l’entrée au musée permet-elle aux anciens habitants d’un lieu disqualifié de faire pleinement valoir leur droit à « habiter le temps » de la ville ?
A High Temperature SOI-CMOS Chipset Focusing Sensor Electronics for Operating Temperatures up to 300 °C
Authors: Kappert Holger , Braun Sebastian , Kordas Norbert , Kosfeld Andre , Utz Alexander , Weber Constanze , Rämer Olaf , Spanier Malte , Ihle Martin , Ziesche Steffen , Kokozinski Rainer 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sensors are key elements for capturing environmental properties and are increasingly important in the industry for the intelligent control of industrial processes. While in many everyday objects highly integrated sensor systems are already state of the art, the situation in an industrial environment is clearly different. Frequently the use of sensor systems is impossible, because the extreme ambient conditions of industrial processes like high operating temperatures or strong mechanical load do not allow a reliable operation of sensitive electronic components. Fraunhofer is running the Lighthouse Project ‘eHarsh’ to overcome this hurdle. In the course of the project an integrated sensor readout electronic has been realized based on a set of three chips. A dedicated sensor frontend provides the analog sensor interface for resistive sensors typically arranged in a Wheatstone configuration. Furthermore, the chipset includes a 32-bit microcontroller for signal conditioning and sensor control. Finally, it comprises an interface chip including a bus transceiver and voltage regulators. The chipset has been realized in a high temperature 0.35 micron SOI-CMOS technology focusing operating temperatures up to 300 °C. The chipset is assembled on a multilayer ceramic LTCC-board using flip chip technology. The ceramic board consists of 4 layers with a total thickness of approx. 0.9 mm. The internal wiring is based on silver paste while external contacts were alternatively manufactured in silver (sintering/soldering) or in gold-alloys (wire bonding). As interconnection technology, silver sintering has been applied. It has already been shown that a significant increase in lifetime can be reached by using silver sintering for die attach applications. Using silver sintering for flip chip technology is a new and challenging approach. By adjusting the process parameter geared to the chipset design and the design of the ceramic board high quality flip chip interconnects can be generated.
Coexistence of Autoantibodies and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders – Experience from the Mangalore Demyelinating Disease Registry (MANDDIR)
Authors: Malli Chaithra , Pandit Lekha , D’Çunha Mary A. , Sudhir Akshatha 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Co-occurrence of other autoimmune disorders (AID) and autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune demyelinating CNS disorders have not been studied previously in patients of Indian origin.

Objective:
To determine the frequency of concomitant autoimmune disorders, anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and antithyroid antibody (ATAb) and to evaluate the impact on clinical course of disease.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 111 patients with MS and 152 patients with non-MS demyelinating disorders were included. Demographics, clinical course and disability were recorded. History of other autoimmune disorders (AIDs) in patients and first degree relatives was noted. Serum ANA and ATAb were tested.

Results:
Concomitant AIDs were seen in 21% of MS and 19% of non-MS patients. Autoimmune thyroid disease was most frequent and seen in 10.8% of MS and 6.6% of non-MS disorders. Frequency of ATAb was significantly higher among MS group (MS 25.5% vs non-MS 13.2% P = 0.04) but that of ANA was similar between the 2 groups (MS 19.8% vs non-MS 26.9% P = 0.17). A positive family history of autoimmune disorders was noted in 20% of MS and 15.1% of non-MS disorders. Clinical course was unaffected by presence of concomitant AID and autoantibodies.

Conclusion:
Cooccurrence of autoantibodies and AID are seen in a significant number of patients with MS and non-MS disorders and influences clinical management.
Occupational Therapy for Reducing Disabilities in Persons with Disabilities in India
Authors: Kamalakannan Sureshkumar , Chockalingam Manigandan , Sethuraman Lakshmanan , Moorthy Shobana Devi , Muthuvel Thirumugam 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The current evidence for occupational therapy practice, teaching, and research is replicated and implemented significantly from high-income countries in India. Therefore, a systematic review and an evaluation of existing evidence for occupational therapy (OT) to reduce disabilities including impairments, activity limitations, and participation restriction in persons with disabilities (PWD) in India are warranted.

Objectives:
The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of OT interventions for reducing disabilities in PWD in India.

Study Design:
Systematic review.

Methods:
We searched the Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, AMED, and Web of Science. A hand search was also carried out in selected Indian journals, OT-specific databases, and repositories, such as Indian Journal of Occupational Therapy, Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, OT Seekers, World Federation of Occupational Therapy Bulletin, Asia Pacific Occupational Therapists Regional Group, and clinical trials registers. The search was restricted to published studies conducted in India during 2000–2021. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of an occupational therapy intervention delivered by OTs for PWD, where the effects of the intervention were evaluated using any relevant disability outcome measure. Studies without access to full text were excluded. Two review authors independently completed screening, and one author reviewed the full text of the screened studies. Another pair of authors extracted data from included studies for prespecified disability outcomes, and two authors assessed the risk of bias in the included studies.

Results:
We identified seven RCTs of occupational therapy interventions for PWD in India with 305 participants in total. All seven studies were very different in terms of their objective, participants, comparison, and outcomes. Allocation concealment and blinding and risk of bias were high in five trials. All the trials reported impairment outcomes with a statistically significant difference between the experimental arm and the control arm in terms of their primary outcomes except one. Given the sample size and the risk of bias in each of the included trials, the effect size has to be understood and interpreted with utmost caution.

Conclusion:
Overall, this review establishes the paucity of evidence for occupational therapy for PWD in India. Building the capacity for rigorous and relevant scientific research in occupational therapy would enable bridging the gaps in evidence for occupational therapy in India.
Effect of Occupational Therapy on Cognitive Functions and Occupational Performances in Hospitalized Patients with Mental-Health Disorder
Authors: Mehta Pooja Pankaj 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Cognitive dysfunction, a distressing outcome of mental-health disorders (MHDs), hinders an individual's occupational performance (OP). OP is the outcome of dynamic interaction between a person, their unique environment and occupation. With only pharmacological treatment, symptom reduction was not in pace with the recovery rate of cognitive and OP dysfunction resulting persistence of these dysfunctions even post-hospital discharge. Hence, occupational therapy (OT) intervention before discharge would be required, for patient's functioning at premorbid level postdischarge. However, till date, very few Indian studies on the effect of OT on cognition and OP in individuals with MHDs are done with under-representation of the client population.

Objectives:
To study the effect of OT on cognitive functions and OP in hospitalized patients with MHDs.

Study Design:
A single-arm interventional study was conducted.

Methods:
Based on the selection criteria, 88 patients who were (aged 18–55 years) diagnosed with MHDs and were admitted in the hospital were enrolled after screening during their first visit to OT department using the purposive sampling method. Participants recruited were categorized into diagnostic groups: schizophrenia, neurotic disorders, mood disorders, and alcohol-substance use disorders for data analysis. Patients were assessed on Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and comprehensive OT evaluation (COTE) scale pre- and post-therapy after 3 weeks, i.e. after 6 sessions. Cognitive-OP focused-OT intervention was given twice a week.

Results:
The descriptive data analysis showed an increase in performance posttherapy for all subtests (except Language-praxis subtest in Group-Neurotic Disorders) and overall scores of both assessments in all the groups. Total MMSE performance both pre- and post-therapy was better than total COTE performance in all the groups. Posttherapy, maximum improvement was observed in Recall among MMSE subtests and in Task-behavior among COTE subtests across all groups. Inferential data analysis showed highly significant improvement posttherapy for total MMSE and total COTE scores (P < 0.01, 95% confidence interval: Groups: schizophrenia [(−3.218, −2.302) and (15.991, 18.329)], neurotic disorders [(−3.169, −1.631) and (13.230, 18.970)], mood disorders [(−3.100, −1.650) and (15.095, 19.155)] and Group: alcohol and substance-use disorders [(−4.210, −1.456) and (17.855, 22.47)] respectively).

Conclusion:
OT intervention is effective in improving cognitive and OP in hospitalized patients with MHDs.
Effect of Nasal Dominance on Pulmonary Function Test and Heart Rate
Authors: Sinha Smriti , Mittal Swati , Bhat Shilpi , Baro Geeta 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The nasal cycle is one of the many cyclic events in a human being. Nasal airflow is greater in one nostril at any given point in time and this alternates between right and left nostrils over time. Its periodicity ranges from 25 min to 8 h. This alteration has been known to be controlled by the autonomic nervous system. The current study was designed to assess the effect of nasal dominance during rest on pulmonary function parameters and heart rate.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done on 35 apparently healthy individuals of the age group of 18–30 years. Based on a cold mirror test, the participants were categorized into two groups of right nasal dominance (RND) and left nasal dominance (LND). The parameters recorded were forced expiratory volume in the first sec (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow rate, forced expiratory flow between 25%-75%, SpO2, and pulse rate. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and were analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Results:
All pulmonary function parameters exhibited higher values in RND participants compared to LND participants and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Nasal dominance has a measurable effect on pulmonary functions and heart rate hence emphasizing the role of autonomic control of airways. This influence can be used as adjuvant therapy for certain disorders.
Cardiovascular, Cellular, and Neural Adaptations to Hot Yoga versus Normal-Temperature Yoga
Authors: Bourbeau Kelsey Christian , Moriarty Terence A , Bellovary Bryanne Nicole , Bellissimo Gabriella F , Ducharme Jeremy B , Haeny Truman J , Zuhl Micah N 
Published: June 2021

Context:
Chronic heat exposure promotes cardiovascular and cellular adaptations, improving an organism's ability to tolerate subsequent stressors. Heat exposure may also promote neural adaptations and alter the neural–hormonal stress response. Hot-temperature yoga (HY) combines mind–body exercise with heat exposure. The added heat component in HY may induce cardiovascular and cellular changes, along with neural benefits and modulation of stress hormones.

Aims:
The purpose of the present study is to compare the cardiovascular, cellular heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), neural, and hormonal adaptations of HY versus normal-temperature yoga (NY).

Settings and Design:
Twenty-two subjects (males = 11 and females = 11, 26 ± 6 years) completed 4 weeks of NY (n = 11) or HY (n = 11, 41°C, 40% humidity). Yoga sessions were performed 3 times/week following a modified Bikram protocol.

Subjects and Methods:
Pre- and posttesting included (1) hemodynamic measures during a heat tolerance test and maximal aerobic fitness test; (2) neural and hormonal adaptations using serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), along with a mental stress questionnaire; and (3) cellular adaptations (HSP70) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Statistical Analysis:
Within- and between-group Student's t-test analyses were conducted to compare pre- and post-VO2 max, perceived stress, BDNF, HSP70, and ACTH in HY and NY groups.

Results:
Maximal aerobic fitness increased in the HY group only. No evidence of heat acclimation or change in mental stress was observed. Serum BDNF significantly increased in yoga groups combined. Analysis of HSP70 suggested higher expression of HSP70 in the HY group only.

Conclusions:
Twelve sessions of HY promoted cardiovascular fitness and cellular thermotolerance adaptations. Serum BDNF increased in response to yoga (NY + HY) and appeared to not be temperature dependent.
Exercise Tolerance Test Using Duke Treadmill
Authors: Arif Muhammad Maaz , Arif Butt Muhammad Zarrar , Arif Butt Muhammad Afan 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) are one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Several tests are undertaken for diagnosing IHDs including electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography, troponin test, and angiography. Exercise tolerance test (ETT) is an ideal noninvasive test for diagnosing IHDs. ETT is quite useful for risk estimation in patients diagnosed with coronary artery diseases or undergoing vascular surgery. The Duke treadmill score has a great prognostic value for ETT.

Aims:
The study aimed to compare the data between positive, negative, and inconclusive cases undergoing ETT with several variables that are related to cardiac scores, pathologies, and risk factors.

Materials and Methods:
It was a cross-sectional study that included 61 patients undergoing the test. The study was conducted at the cardiology ward, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.

Results:
The demographic characteristics showed majority of the patients to be male with 44 (72.13%) as opposed to female with 17 (27.87%) cases. The average age of all the cases was 43.48 ± 8.65. Most of the patients undergoing the test had atypical angina with 55 (88.71%), followed by typical angina with 3 (7.14%) and no angina with 3 (7.14%) cases. Cases showed the past history of positive family reports with 20 (32.79%), followed by a history of smoking with 11 (18.03%), diabetes with 9 (14.75%), catheterization with 7 (11.48%), coronary artery bypass grafting with 5 (8.2%), and myocardial infarction with 5 (8.2%) cases.

Conclusion:
Duke treadmill scores of the three groups revealed that most of the cases (81.97%) fall in the intermediate-risk group (between 4 and − 10 scores) and the standard Bruce protocol showed that majority of the cases only passed Stage II (37.7%) and Stage III (37.7%) of the treadmill. Few studies have been conducted on ETT that shows a detailed analysis of this test with different associated factors. Studies like these will help in conducting greater work of this nature, analyzing important content.
Clinical Profile of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Thrombolysed with Tenecteplase in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Jena Kamal Kant , Manohar G , Elamaran C , Rudrappa A 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected millions worldwide. The various complications of COVID-19 have been discussed in the recent studies. We would like to discuss about one such cardiovascular complication, ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in COVID-19, and its characteristics in this article.

Methodology:
An observational study was done from April 1, 2020, to July 15, 2020, selecting all STEMI patients admitted to a tertiary care center in Chennai and treated with tenecteplase were grouped in to COVID-19 positive and negative. Their presenting features and complications and outcome were studied.

Results:
A total of 300 patients were admitted with STEMI during the study period, of which 11.66% were COVID-19 positive. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors were much lower in COVID-19-positive STEMI patients when compared to non-COVID STEMI patients. Mean oxygen saturation at time of presentation in COVID-19 positive and negative patients was 85.1% and 97.5%, respectively (P < 0.001). COVID-19 group had significantly higher noncardiac complications than non-COVID patients (P < 0.001). The average duration of hospital stay in COVID-19 STEMI was 13.6 days, whereas in non-COVID group was 6.8 days (P < 0.001). Higher mortality was found in the COVID-19 positive group (14.28%) when compared to non-COVID STEMI (7.9%; P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
COVID-19 itself is a systemic inflammatory disease, which could increase the risk of coronary plaque rupture. Thrombosis has also been described as a mechanism underlying certain cases causing presentation of STEMI, because of endothelial dysfunction and hypercoagulable state.
Cold Injuries in the Glacial Regions of India
Authors: Ranjan Priya , Pawar Aditya , Naik Anant Kumar , Bhardwaj Saurabh , Sharma Pawan 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Personnel deployed at an altitude ranging from 9000 ft to 23,000 ft are exposed to sub-zero temperatures up to −40°C. These conditions lead to the development of various cold injuries which presents in varying grades and severity. Aim: The aim of this study is to study the epidemiological trends and assess risk factors/conditions those are contributing to the development of cold weather injuries (CWI) at extreme cold climate in high altitude areas.

Methodology:
This is a retrospective, observational study on cold injury cases evacuated from the northern glaciers of India. The data were collected and tabulated in MS-Excel sheets, and analysis was done using percentage, mean, median, linear regression, and P value calculation. SPSS statistical analysis software version 23 was employed for generating the results. P < 0.05 was considered for statistically significant.

Results:
The annual incidence of cold injuries calculated for troops deployed at high altitude (>9000 feet) with extreme cold climate is 6.4/1000/year. The average duration of exposure for the development of CWI was found to be 4.85 h with a standard deviation = 2.88 h. Statistically significant association was found between the median temperatures and number of cold injury cases evacuated monthly with a strong negative coefficient of correlation (Pearson's) value r = −0.8214, and P = 0.001063. No correlation was found between the severity of frostbites and duration of exposure as the coefficient of correlation r (Pearson's) was weakly positive with a value of 0.19 and statistically not significant with P = 0.127.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the magnitude of problem, high risk zones, and predisposing activities. Statistical association has been drawn between altitude, temperature and duration of exposure with burden of cold injury. This study provides an insight with respect to associations and risk factors for the development of CWI, in Indian perspective and may be beneficial for better planning and preventive measures to reduce burden of CWI.
In vivo comparison of postoperative pain using two different techniques for local anesthesia in single-sitting root canal treatment
Authors: Bhagwat Sumita A. , Mehta Anchal , Padhye Leena V. 
Published: June 2021

Aim:
This in vivo split-mouth randomized control trial was carried out to study and compare the incidence of postoperative pain associated with single-sitting endodontic treatment using inferior alveolar nerve block and intraligamentary injection as primary anesthetic technique.

Methods:
A total of 30 patients with bilateral symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars were selected to be included in the study. In each subject, molar in one quadrant was randomly assigned to Group 1 (intraligamentary injection), and the molar in the opposite quadrant was assigned to Group 2 (inferior alveolar nerve block). The root canal procedures for the patients were carried out in single sittings under rubber dam using hand ProtaperTM system, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite as irrigant alternating with normal saline and obturation by the lateral condensation technique. A questionnaire employing Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain assessment was given to the patient and instructions on how to fill the form were given. VAS scores for every tooth treated in every patient were recorded before beginning treatment and after completion of treatment for each tooth. The patients were recalled after 2 days, and the scores were analyzed. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed for incidence and degree of pain.

Results:
Group 1 and Group 2 showed a steady reduction in postoperative pain from 4 h to 48 h as seen in the mean VAS scores. Comparison between the two groups at each time interval showed a difference which was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
There is no difference in the incidence of postoperative pain when either inferior alveolar nerve block or intraligamentary injection is employed as the primary technique for achieving anesthesia during single-sitting root canal treatment.