bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Benzotriazole Acetamide Derivatives as Benzo-Fused Five-
Membered Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles - In silico Screening, Molecular
Docking, and Synthesis
Authors: Patil Tejaswini D. , Amrutkar Sunil V. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
DNA gyrase subunit B (1KZN) is an attractive target for antibacterial drug development
because of its role in DNA replication. The fast development of antimicrobial medication resistance
necessitates the quick discovery of new antimicrobial medicines.

Objective:
The goal of this research was to design, synthesize, and discover benzo-fused five-membered
nitrogen-containing heterocycles that bind to DNA gyrase subunit B via molecular docking (1KZN).

Methods:
Based on literature research, 2-(1H-1,2,3-Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N-substituted acetamide was synthesized
using an efficient method. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity
against three distinct organisms: E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus. In a docking
investigation, the chemical interacts with the active site of DNA gyrase subunit B (1KZN), indicating that
it might have antibacterial action.

Conclusion:
According to the findings of this research, the compounds 3d and 3f showed antibacterial
properties. For Staphylococcus aureus, 3c has the potential to be an antibacterial agent.
Prevalence and Attitudes Towards Using Protein Supplements Among
Female Gym Users: An Online Survey
Authors: Alhussain Maha H. , Abdulhalim Waad S. , Al-harbi Laila Naif , Binobead Manal Abdulaziz 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Protein supplements have become a widespread practice amongst athletes
and gym users worldwide. However, studies on the use of protein supplements among
female gym users in Saudi Arabia are lacking.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of protein supplement usage
among female gym users and their attitudes towards protein supplementation in Riyadh city,
Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 502 female gym users aged ≥18 years completed a
structured, self-administered online questionnaire on the usage of protein supplementation. Socio-
demographic information, anthropometry, health status, exercise frequency, attitudes and
knowledge regarding protein supplements were obtained.

Results:
The overall prevalence rate of protein supplement use among the study respondents
was 36.3%. There were significant associations between the use of protein supplements and
educational level (p< 0.05), the duration of being a gym member (p< 0.05) and frequency of
gym visits per week (p< 0.05). Whey protein was the predominantly used supplement (57.8%),
and the reason attributed to the use of protein supplement was muscle building (53.9%). The
main sources of information regarding protein supplement use included the internet (30.2%)
followed by gym coaches (25.3%).

Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrated that a considerable number of females exercising in
gyms use protein supplements, and most rely on unreliable sources for decision-making of protein
supplements use. Nutritional education and consultations regarding protein supplement use
are warranted.
Knowledge of Preeclampsia Among Pregnant Women
Authors: Hamade Rola , Mohsen Amani , Kobeissy Firas , Karouni Ali , Akoum Hikmat 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Preeclampsia (P.E) has remained a public health threat to both developed
and developing countries. The incidence of preeclampsia in Lebanon is high at 2.84%. Awareness
of P.E among pregnant females is crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality for both fetus and
mother.

Objective:
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted to analyze data from Lebanese’s
pregnant women. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge of PE among pregnant women
in the Lebanese population.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2020 in obstetricians’
clinics of different health care institutions in five governorates in Lebanon. A closedended
questionnaire was distributed to 400 pregnant females. The first part of the questionnaire
aimed to collect socio-demographic information about the participants. The second part was specified
to assess knowledge on PE. Signs and symptoms, risk factors, and consequences were among
the twenty-three knowledge items assessed. The last part addressed some attitudes about dealing
with this disorder. Responses were scored percentage-wise and grouped into low <60%, moderate
(60-80%), and high (80-100%).

Results:
There is inadequate knowledge of P.E among the Lebanese population. In total, 15.3%
had adequate knowledge of P.E. A linear regression showed that the knowledge score increased in
working pregnant women (p=0.04), who lived in Bekaa (p<0.001), who had a vocational (p=0.01)
or university education (p=0.001) and who had any relative, who developed preeclampsia (p=0.03)
or was suffering from diabetes (p=0.03). Furthermore, knowing when blood pressure is considered
high (p<0.001) and hearing about preeclampsia (p<0.001) also increased the preeclampsia knowledge
score.

Conclusion:
The knowledge of PE among pregnant women in Lebanon is low.
Dietary Polyphenols in the Intervention of Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Mishra Jigeesha , Srivastava Shailendra Kumar , Pandey Kanti Bhooshan 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The impact of gestational diabetes mellitus GDM is severe since it is directly associated with the detrimental intra-uterine environment, which may lead to enhanced risk of development of fetal metabolic disorders and affects mother and offspring both. Plant derived polyphenols are reported for their protective roles against a variety of human diseases; however, the impact of adherence to polyphenols on the risk of GDM has not been exhaustively reviewed.

Objective:
Aim of this review is to summarize relevant studies linking polyphenols and polyphenol rich dietary patterns by carefully considering the mechanisms of their action to the risk of GDM and its management.

Method:
Data from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Springer online databases and updates from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) were studied.

Conclusion:
Present review provides a comprehensive report on the association between plant polyphenols and lower risk of GDM, suggesting that polyphenol-rich dietary patterns may be important in preventing the development of GDM and its healthy management.
A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready): Formative Evaluation
Authors: Dannapfel Petra , Thomas Kristin , Chakhunashvili Alexander , Melin Jeanette , Trolle Lagerros Ylva 
Published: October 2021

Background
eHealth interventions have the potential to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of health care. However, research has shown that implementing eHealth in routine health care practice is difficult. Organizational readiness to change has been shown to be central to successful implementation. This paper describes the development and formative evaluation of a generic self-help tool, E-Ready, designed to be used by managers, project leaders, or others responsible for implementation in a broad range of health care settings.

Objective
The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate a tool that could facilitate eHealth implementation in, for example, health care.

Methods
A first version of the tool was generated based on implementation theory (E-Ready 1.0). A formative evaluation was undertaken through expert panels (n=15), cognitive interviews (n=17), and assessment of measurement properties on E-Ready items from 3 different workplaces (n=165) using Rasch analyses. E-Ready 1.0 was also field tested among the target population (n=29). Iterative revisions were conducted during the formative evaluation process, and E-Ready 2.0 was generated.

Results
The E-Ready Tool consists of a readiness assessment survey and a hands-on manual. The survey measures perceived readiness for change (willingness and capability) at individual and collective levels: perceived conditions for change at the workplace, perceived individual conditions for change, perceived support and engagement among management, perceived readiness among colleagues, perceived consequences on status quo, and perceived workplace attitudes. The manual contains a brief introduction, instructions on how to use the tool, information on the themes of E-Ready, instructions on how to create an implementation plan, brief advice for success, and tips for further reading on implementation theory. Rasch analyses showed overall acceptable measurement properties in terms of fit validity. The subscale Individual conditions for change (3 items) had the lowest person reliability (0.56), whereas Perceived consequences on status quo (5 items) had the highest person reliability (0.87).

Conclusions
E-Ready 2.0 is a new self-help tool to guide implementation targeting health care provider readiness and engagement readiness ahead of eHealth initiatives in, for example, health care settings. E-Ready can be improved further to capture additional aspects of implementation; improvements can also be made by evaluating the tool in a larger sample.
The Principal’s Leadership and Performance Result
Authors: Annisya Annisya , Ramadan Zaka Hadikusuma 
Published: October 2021

Teacher performance was currently not optimal; this can be seen from the low learning outcomes of students. one of the factors that influence the success of teacher performance was the Principal's leadership. Therefore, research was conducted that aimed to analyze the Principal's leadership with the teacher's performance. The type of research conducted was descriptive qualitative. The data was collected by interviewing head master, 3 school staff and selected students from 2 students. The data collection methods used are interviews, observations, and documentation. Analysis of the data used analysis techniques from Miles and Huberman. The results stated that good principal leadership in planning, organizing, deploying, coordinating, and supervising will affect teacher performance in performing designing tasks, carrying out learning, assessing learning, conducting guidance, and performing additional tasks. So, the Principal's leadership was good, then the teacher's performance was good, which directly affected the quality of learning. To improve teacher performance, the headmaster must conduct a supervised program to help teachers carried out their duties.
Research of metrological capabilities of digital (DDS- and Trueform-) generators
Authors: Pavlenko Yurii , Kirienko Sergii , Ogar Valeriy , Vаsileva Olena 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
One of the fundamental improvements of the measurement standard of frequency deviation of frequency-modulated oscillations was the replacement of analog frequency-modulated generators used in DETU 09-03-95 with digital ones based on the principle of direct digital synthesis (DDS) and its next version of Trueform technology. These generators have wider ranges of frequency deviation and modulation frequencies than analog ones, but nonlinear distortion laws of the frequency modulation are not standardized.
The subject of the article is the development of methods and research of these generators and frequency-modulated signals generated by them for nonlinear distortions, accompanying amplitude modulation, frequency noise. Three methods were used in the study: direct measurement; “combination frequencies” and “frequency shift”. The experiment was performed using several measurement methods, which allowed to estimate very small values of nonlinear distortion. Methods were developed and experimental estimations of concomitant amplitude modulation of DDS-generators (in frequency modulation mode), as well as their frequency noise level, were performed. An experimental evaluation of the capabilities of the analog-digital demodulator of the R&S FSL6 spectrum analyzer with the K7 option was performed, its high linearity was shown, its capabilities with respect to the frequency ranges of carrier oscillations and frequency deviation were evaluated. The research results provide a basis for the method of calibration of DDS-generators and demodulator of spectrum analyzers with the K7 option in those ranges where their parameters are not normalized (at direct current up to 8 MHz and F up to 500 kHz).
Optimal data processing in the ballistic laser gravimeter under the effect of correlated interference
Authors: Omelchenko Anatolii , Vinnichenko Oleksandr , Neyezhmakov Pavel , Fedorov Oleksii , Bolyuh Volodymyr 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In order to develop optimal data processing algorithms in ballistic laser gravimeters under the effect of correlated interference, the method of generalized least squares is applied. In this case, to describe the interference, a mathematical model of the autoregression process is used, for which the inverse correlation matrix has a band type and is expressed through the values of the autoregression coefficients. To convert the “path-time” data from the output of the coincidence circuit of ballistic laser gravimeters to a process uniform in time, their local quadratic interpolation is used.
Algorithms for data processing in a ballistic gravimeter, developed on the basis of a method of weighted least squares using orthogonal Hahn polynomials, are considered. To implement a symmetric measurement method, the symmetric Hahn polynomials, characterized by one parameter, are used.
The method of mathematical modelling is used to study the gain in the accuracy of measuring the gravitational acceleration by the synthesized algorithms in comparison with the algorithm based on the method of least squares. It is shown that auto seismic interference in ballistic laser gravimeters with a symmetric measurement method can be significantly reduced by using a mathematical model of the second-order autoregressive process in the method of generalized least squares. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of the algorithms developed using the method of generalized least squares, the method of weighted least squares and the method of ordinary least squares is carried out.
Automated system for identification of data distribution laws by analysis of histogram proximity with sample reduction
Authors: Oliynyk Olha , Taranenko Yurii 
Published: October 2021

The error in the identification of the distribution law entails an incorrect assessment of other characteristics (standard deviation, kurtosis, antikurtosis, etc.). The article is devoted to the development of accessible and simple software products for solving problems of identifying distribution laws and determining the optimal size of a data sample.
The paper describes a modified method for identifying the law of data distribution by visual analysis of the proximity of histograms with a reduction in the sample size with software implementation. The method allows choosing the most probable distribution law from a wide base of the set. The essence of the method consists in calculating the entropy coefficient and absolute entropy error for the initial and half data sample, determining the optimal method for processing the histogram using visual analysis of the proximity of histograms, and identifying the data distribution law. The experimental data processing model makes it possible to take into account the statistical properties of real data and can be applied to various arrays, and allows to reduce the sample size required for analysis.
An automated system for identifying the laws of data distribution with a simple and intuitive interface has been developed. The results of the study on real data indicate an increase in the reliability of the identification of the data distribution law.
A note on the solvability of homogeneous Riemann boundary problem with infinity index
Authors: Bory-Reyes Juan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this note we establish a necessary and sufficient condition for solvability of the homogeneous Riemann boundary problem with infinity index on a rectifiable open curve. The index of the problem we deal with considers the influence of the requirement of the solutions of the problem, the degree of non-smoothness of the curve at the endpoints as well as the behavior of the coefficient at these points.
Gross Morphology of the Brain and Spinal Cord of the African Pygmy Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)
Authors: Igado O. O. , Braimah S. F. , Obasa A. A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) is an insectivorous animal, native to Africa. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and the spinal cord, protected by the cranium and vertebral column respectively. Assessment of the gross appearance and morphometries of the African pygmy hedgehog CNS were carried out using six adults (3 males and 3 females). The gross examination showed the brains to be lissencephalic, with relatively large olfactory bulbs, similar to that observed in some rodents. The rootlets of the first cervical spinal nerves were observed to emerge before the foramen magnum. Linear measurements were obtained from both the brain and spinal cord. The mean weight of the animals was 199.00 ± 16.09 g, with the males having an average body weight of 183.50 ± 12.02 g and the females 206.80 ± 11.95 g. Although not statistically significant, the males had a higher encephalisation quotient (0.40 ± 0.08) relative to the females 0.36 ± 0.04). The values for the brain weight, length of spinal cord and heights of the telencephalon and diencephalon at different points were higher in the males, while the spinal cord weight, length of brain and cerebellar height were higher in the females. The spinal cord showed slight enlargements at the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral segments. This study aimed to provide baseline data for the study of the gross appearance and neuromorpho-metrics of the hedgehog, with possible application in regional anaesthesiology and comparative wildlife neuroanatomy.
Spontaneous alteration of blood pH by a bicarbonate buffer system during experimental hypercalcaemia in cows
Authors: Ro Younghye , Choi Woojae , Hong Leegon , Kim Eunkyung , Choe Eunhui , Kim Danil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Maintaining mineral homeostasis as well as the secretion and metabolism of mineralotropic hormones is important for healthy of periparturient dairy cows. To increase the activity of mineralotropic hormones, blood pH can be adjusted. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in blood pH and the mechanism of action of this change in induced hypercalcaemic cows.

Material and Methods
Six non-lactating Holstein cows were used in a 2 × 2 crossover design. To induce hypercalcaemia, calcium borogluconate was administered subcutaneously to experimental cows and normal saline was administered subcutaneously to control cows. Blood and urine samples were collected serially after administration. Whole blood without any anticoagulant was processed with a portable blood gas analyser. Plasma concentration and urinary excretion of calcium were measured.

Results
In hypercalcaemic cows, both blood and urine calcium levels were significantly increased at 8 h compared to those at 0 h (P < 0.05), and a spontaneous increase in blood pH was also observed. The calcium concentration in plasma was highest at 2 h after administration (3.02 ± 0.27 mmol/L). The change in pH correlated with that in bicarbonate (r = 0.781, P < 0.001) rather than that in partial pressure of CO2 (r = 0.085, P = 0.424).

Conclusion
Hypercalcaemia induced a spontaneous change in blood pH through the bicarbonate buffer system and this system may be a maintainer of calcium homeostasis.
Connecting the Dots: Exploring the Knowledge-based Antecedents of SMEs’ Profitability and Development via International Ventures
Authors: Andrei Andreia Gabriela , Dincă Violeta-Mihaela , Mitan Andreea , Vătămănescu Elena-Mădălina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As shifts occur on the global market and business models adapt to a dynamic environment, the process of business internationalization, as performed by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), maintains its relevance for academics, professionals, international organizations, and authorities. Studies in the field have emphasized the strategic component of internationalization, linking it to cultivating (sustainable) competitive advantages, to stimulating strategic innovation, to the pursuit of profitability, and to an overall improved performance, taking into account the activities conducted on foreign markets. Based on a survey carried out with over 100 European SMEs in the steel field, this study examines the influences of strategic collaborators (from international business networks), intermediaries (as organizational links to the target stakeholders), and strategic innovation on SMEs’ profitability resulted from international operations, and on the level of business development on foreign markets. The results have shown positive influences among most of the considered factors (i.e., direct collaborators, strategic innovation, international profitability and development), whereas intermediaries have a significant influence only on international profitability and not on SMEs’ development on foreign markets.
Perception of car brands with an emphasis on expected benefits and features as prerequisites for customer satisfaction
Authors: Janoskova Katarina , Kral Pavol , Popescu Gheorghe H. , Rowland Zuzana , Kramarova Katarina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Brand management plays a crucial role in increasing the loyalty of current customers as well as in gaining new customers. The product brand significantly influences shopping behaviour of customers. Many customers prefer branded products to non-branded ones. Some of them prefer branded products in general; some of them prefer branded products only for selected products. This paper is focused on the analysis of the perception of ten favourite car brands by Slovak consumers with an emphasis on the quality, prestige, image and expected benefits and features. The aims of the paper are divided into three main parts: i) find out the selected car brand rank based on the influence on the purchasing behaviour of Slovak consumers; ii) assess the impact of selected socio-demographic characteristics on the expected benefits as well as on the features that the respondent´s chosen car brand should have; iii) identify the main reason why respondents focus on preferred car brands. The correlation of these factors was tested on a sample of 2002 respondents from the Slovak republic. The analysed data represent a partial result of an extensive survey. The chosen mathematical-statistical methods such as correlation analysis and testing of statistical hypotheses were applied to fulfil the purpose of the research. Based on a survey, the most influential car brands include Skoda and Volkswagen. Especially the Skoda brand has a significant position in Slovakia, given by tradition, history and place of production of these cars.
Peter Ackroyd’s Distorted Psychogeography
Authors: Garayeva Khanim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on Peter Ackroyd’s unique type of psychogeographical writing. Therefore, apart from an overall elaboration on his works about London, it addresses his historiographic metafictional novels Hawksmoor (1985) and The House of Doctor Dee (1993). These esoteric novels provide insight into Ackroyd’s writing about the city in different time periods and make it possible to delve deeper into what this paper argues is his distinctive manner of implementing the notions of psychogeography. At the same time, it draws parallels from classical and contemporary psychogeography where appropriate and highlight his utilisation of it. The main aim of this paper is to reveal the ways in which Peter Ackroyd uses walking in the city to reflect its manipulative power over his characters which results in the transformation of their identities.