bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concentrations of heavy metals in PM2.5 and health risk assessment around Chinese New Year in Dalian, China
Authors: Zhao Xiao Liang , Jiang Gui Guo , Song Zi Ling , Touseef Bilal , Zhao Xue Ying , Huang Yuan Yuan , Guo Meng , Bharti Bandna 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Twelve samples of heavy metals were analyzed by using a 1108A-1 mid-current particle sampler in Dalian, Liaoning Province, for 31 days before and after the spring festival 2019. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals were decreased by more than 25% during the spring festival, which was probably due to the shutdown of the factories and the decrease in people’s travel. During the spring festival, the concentration of Ba was increased by 343.39% as compared to the concentration of Ba before the spring festival, which indicated that the fireworks had a great influence on the concentration of Ba. At the same time, this study also evaluated the health risk of heavy metals. For the heavy metals As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Ni, the lifetime cancer risk was found to be 2.13 × 10−4, 2.08 × 10−5, 8.64 × 10−7, 4.39 × 10−4 and 7.93 × 10−7, respectively. The lifetime cancer risk of As, Cd, and Cr exceeds the threshold range of cancer risk (10−6–10−4), indicating that they are carcinogenic to humans. Also, during the spring festival, the non-carcinogenic risk value of V exceeded the limit value of environmental protection agency (EPA), and the lifetime carcinogenic risk value of As, Cd, and Cr exceeded the threshold range of carcinogenic risk; hence, they need to be carefully monitored and controlled.
Black Space Rheological Assessment of Asphalt Material Behavior
Authors: Airey Gordon D. , Rowe Geoffrey M. , Sias Jo E. , Di Benedetto Herve , Sauzeat Cedric , Dave Eshan V. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Black Space diagrams representing rheological data of asphalt materials in the form of complex modulus (|G*| or |E*|) versus phase angle (δ) have been successfully used for interpretation of material behavior and performance. Previous studies have used Black Space for identification of testing geometry compliance errors when testing over multiple temperatures and loading times (frequencies), screening of the “thermo-rheological simplicity” of various binders and mixtures, and detailed evaluation of the performance balance in term of “stiffness” versus “relaxation” needs. This paper provides an overview of how Black Space can be further used to provide a greater understanding of the concepts of damage and healing and cracking susceptibility and fracture, and to also quantify the complex rheological response of alternative binders. In terms of the damage assessment, cyclic loading tests were analyzed using Black Space to identify additional physical phenomena such as nonlinearity, self-heating, and thixotropy. The cracking analysis has included thermal, fatigue, and durability cracking as well as the use of Black Space to access the performance of asphalt mixtures subjected to aging as well as rejuvenation and materials with recycled asphalt. Concepts such as the Glover-Rowe parameter that are based around Black Space and linked to other forms of rheological indices such as the low-temperature stiffness and relaxation rate parameters are introduced. The results in the paper show that Black Space provides a critical means of rheological characterization to investigate and evaluate the properties and performance of both binders and mixtures. This is particularly relevant at a time when there is a concerted move within the asphalt paving industry toward more sustainable solutions and increased demand for reuse and recycling of materials in asphalt mixtures.
Methodology for Design Process of Internal Supported Cylindrical Thin Shell Made by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Xiao Heye , Wang Ruobing , Li Xuefeng , Zhang Qi , Zhang Xudong , Bai Junqiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To improve specific stiffness and strength of cylinder type shell, it is essential to make use of free space inside the cylinder to generate internal supported structure for reinforcement. In this article, an available method is introduced to design this complex structure based on the advantages of additive manufacturing, which include the subprocess of design domain generation, topology optimization, reconstruction, and analysis. Firstly, the design domain inside cylinder is created by removing swept volume from cylindrical container space. The initial structure is obtained by topology optimization and reconstructed by considering the constraints of manufacturing. Then, mechanical properties of the refined structure are checked by finite element method to give a final model. A cylindrical thin shell with slider is chosen as an example to show the detailed work process of the proposed design method, and the designed structure is generated by selective laser melting technology finally. It is proved that the proposed method is suitable for designing additive manufacturing cylinder shell with internal support. Furthermore, a traditional cylindrical thin shell is selected as a benchmark to be compared with the designed model by mechanical properties. Through the comparisons, it is concluded that internal supported cylindrical thin shell has greater bearing capacity and less weight cost than the classical cylindrical structure.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL IPA BERBASIS ISLAMIC SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS PADA MATERI HUKUM NEWTON
Authors: Jannah Misbahul , Oviana Wati , Nurhalizha Iin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe problem it is found that at the university there is no (Islamic Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) I-STEM learning module as a guide for lecturers in implementing science learning. For this reason, this study aims to (1) Design Islamic STEM-based science modules on Newton's Law material (2) Assess Islamic STEM-based science modules on Newton's Law material. This study uses a Design Development Research (DDR) approach using the Dick and Carey instructional design model. The sample of this research is three experts, three senior lecturers and six science lecturers. The instruments of this research are observation sheets, interviews and questionnaires which are analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is used for need analysis and module design. While the quantitative analysis for the assessment of the module which is analyzed using SPSS and excel. The results showed that (1) Islamic STEM-based science module design in Newton's Law material followed the three steps of the Dick and Carey instructional design model, namely needs analysis, module development and module assessment. (2) The results of assessment by expert, senior lecturers and science lecturers show that Islamic STEM-based science modules on Newton's law material are appropriate for using in the science learning process in universities.AbstrakPermasalahan di lapangan didapati bahwa di universitas belum tersedianya modul pembelajaran berbasis Islamic STEM (I-STEM) sebagai panduan bagi dosen dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran IPA. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Mendesain modul IPA berbasis I-STEM pada materi Hukum Newton (2) Menilai modul IPA berbasis I-STEM pada materi Hukum Newton. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Design Development Research (DDR) dengan menggunakan model desain instruksional Dick and Carey. Sampel penelitian ini adalah tiga orang pakar, tiga orang dosen senior dan enam orang dosen IPA. Adapun instrumen penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi, wawancara dan angket yang dianalisis menggunakan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kulaitatif digunakan untuk analisis kebutuhan dan dan desain modul. Sedangkan analisis kuantitatif untuk penilaian modul yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS dan excell. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan (1) Desain modul IPA berbasis I-STEM pada materi Hukum Newton mengikut tiga langkah dari model desain instruksional Dick and Carey yaitu analisis kebutuhan, pengembangan modul dan penilaian modul. (2) Hasil penilaian pakar, dosen senior dan dosen IPA menunjukkan bahwa modul IPA berbasis I-STEM pada materi hukum Newton layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran IPA di perguruan tinggi.
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) From Tenggiri Fish Bones As Abrasive Material In Toothpaste Formula
Authors: Anggresani Lia , Sari Yoli Nopita , Rahmadevi Rahmadevi 
Published: November 2021

Cavities are one of the factors of dental and oral health problems that can be prevented by brushing teeth using toothpaste. Toothpaste can be made from a variety of chemicals, one of which is hydroxyapatite (HAp) which has good biocompatible properties. Hydroxyapatite can be obtained by utilizing tenggiri fish bone waste which has the main element of calcium. Fish bones soaked with NaOH and acetone are then calcined at 800 °C for 3 hours to obtain CaO powder and characterized its elemental content using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). CaO obtained was then reacted with (NH4)2HPO4 with a mole ratio of Ca/P 1.67 then heated at 90 °C, added NaOH up to pH 12, then the obtained deposits are filtered and calcined at 900 °C. The solids obtained from the calcination are then characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was formulated into toothpaste with the concentrations of 0% (F0), 45% (F1), 50% (F2), and 55% (F3). Toothpaste was evaluated using organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, foam height tests, dispersability tests, pH and hedonic tests. XRD analysis shows that the resulting hydroxyapatite (HAp) has a crystal structure in accordance with ICSD standard No. 96-900-3549. SEM analysis showed that granular particles measuring 0.1 μm–0.3 μm in size. All formulated toothpastes (F0, F1, F2, and F3) meet the requirements of a good toothpaste. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can be formulated into a good toothpaste with a concentration of 45%.
Single-Examination Risk Prediction of Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Coyner Aaron S. , Chen Jimmy S. , Singh Praveer , Schelonka Robert L. , Jordan Brian K. , McEvoy Cindy T. , Anderson Jamie E. , Chan R.V. Paul , Sonmez Kemal , Erdogmus Deniz , Chiang Michael F. , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Campbell J. Peter 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness. Screening and treatment reduces this risk, but requires multiple examinations of infants, most of whom will not develop severe disease. Previous work has suggested that artificial intelligence may be able to detect incident severe disease (treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity [TR-ROP]) before clinical diagnosis. We aimed to build a risk model that combined artificial intelligence with clinical demographics to reduce the number of examinations without missing cases of TR-ROP.

METHODS
Infants undergoing routine ROP screening examinations (1579 total eyes, 190 with TR-ROP) were recruited from 8 North American study centers. A vascular severity score (VSS) was derived from retinal fundus images obtained at 32 to 33 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Seven ElasticNet logistic regression models were trained on all combinations of birth weight, gestational age, and VSS. The area under the precision-recall curve was used to identify the highest-performing model.

RESULTS
The gestational age + VSS model had the highest performance (mean ± SD area under the precision-recall curve: 0.35 ± 0.11). On 2 different test data sets (n = 444 and n = 132), sensitivity was 100% (positive predictive value: 28.1% and 22.6%) and specificity was 48.9% and 80.8% (negative predictive value: 100.0%).

CONCLUSIONS
Using a single examination, this model identified all infants who developed TR-ROP, on average, &gt;1 month before diagnosis with moderate to high specificity. This approach could lead to earlier identification of incident severe ROP, reducing late diagnosis and treatment while simultaneously reducing the number of ROP examinations and unnecessary physiologic stress for low-risk infants.
Parenthood, Parental Benefits, and Career Goals Among Pediatric Residents: 2008 and 2019
Authors: Powell Weston T. , Dundon Kelly M.W. , Frintner Mary Pat , Kornfeind Katelin , Haftel Hilary M. 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES
Examine reported availability of parental benefits for pediatric residents and impact of parenthood on reported importance of characteristics of post-training positions and career goals in 2008 and 2019.

METHODS
We analyzed data from American Academy of Pediatrics surveys of graduating residents in 2008 and 2019 querying (1) parenthood, (2) benefits during residency, (3) importance of parental benefits and job characteristics in post-training position, and (4) subspecialty career goal. Logistic regression was used to estimate independent effects of gender, partner status, and parenthood via derived predicted values (PVs).

RESULTS
Of 1021 respondents, three-fourths were women. Respondents in 2019 were less likely than in 2008 to have children (24.5% vs 33.8%, P &lt; .01). In 2019, respondents were less likely to report availability of maternity (PV = 78.5% vs 89.5%, P &lt; .001) or parental leave (PV = 42.5% vs 59.2%, P &lt; .001) and more likely to report availability of lactation space (PV = 77.8% vs 56.1%, P &lt; .001.). Most residents reported control over work hours, family considerations, and number of overnight calls per month as essential or very important characteristics in post-training positions. Controlling for resident characteristics, parenthood was associated with importance of family considerations and overnight calls in post-training position. Parenthood did not associate with subspecialty career goals, but gender did.

CONCLUSIONS
Residents are less likely to report availability of parental benefits during residency training in 2019. Most residents, both those with children and those without, consider parent friendly characteristics important in post-training positions. Parenthood does not correlate with subspecialty career goals independent from gender.
Detección de Leishmania spp. (Trypanosomatidae) e identificación de ingestas sanguíneas en flebotomíneos de un nuevo foco de leishmaniasis en el Caribe colombiano.
Authors: Alemán Santos Maira , Martínez-Pérez Lina , Rivero-Rodríguez Matilde , Cortés-Alemán Luis , Pérez-Doria Alveiro , Bejarano-Martínez Eduar 
Published: November 2021

Introducción: Aunque la leishmaniasis visceral (LV) es endémica en el Caribe colombiano, en los últimos años se ha observado un incremento en su área de distribución, con el registro de casos en nuevas localidades. Objetivos: En este estudio se caracterizaron los flebotomíneos, parásitos del género Leishmania y algunos vertebrados domésticos asociados al primer caso humano de LV en la vereda Toro, San Juan Nepomuceno, Bolívar, Colombia. Metodología: Los insectos fueron sometidos a extracción, amplificación y secuenciación de ADN para establecer si estaban infectados con Leishmania spp. e identificar sus ingestas sanguíneas. Adicionalmente, en los caninos se determinaron los títulos de anticuerpos anti-Leishmania mediante la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Resultados: En total se recolectaron 2178 flebotomíneos, el 99,6% de los cuales fue identificado como Lutzomyia evansi. Los parásitos Leishmania infantum y Leishmania braziliensis fueron detectados en esta especie, con una frecuencia mínima de infección de 0,003% (3/1070) y 0,0009% (1/1070), respectivamente. El 16,73% de las hembras de Lu. evansi se encontraron alimentadas de Homo sapiens sapiens, el 16,32% de Capra hircus , el 12,45% de Sus scrofa domesticus, el 11,63 % de Bos indicus y el 9,79% de Canis familiaris. Uno de ocho caninos serológicamente evaluados fue positivo para leishmaniasis canina. Conclusión: El hallazgo en Lu. evansi de ingestas de sangre mixtas de humanos y caninos, evidencia el vínculo epidemiológico entre las Lutzomyia infectados con el parásito, los potenciales reservorios y la población humana, lo que explicaría la aparición del primer caso de LV en esta localidad del Caribe colombiano.
Кто и как изучает пригороды крупных городов в современной России?
Authors: Анатолий Сергеевич Бреславский 
Published: November 2021

В статье дается краткий обзор исследований пригородов в России до начала 2020 года. В начале автор дает краткую экспозицию предмета исследований и отмечает, что бурное развитие пригородов и урбанизация стороны одного процесса, хотя их темпы могут не совпадать. Отмечая специфику бурного роста пригородов на постсоветском пространстве («постсоциалистической пригородной революции»), вслед за восточноевропейскими коллегами он приводит пять обусловивших это причин: дерегуляция в релевантных городских сферах (управление, строительство, рынок недвижимости и т.д.), компенсация исторической нехватки жилья, деиндустриализация городов и инфраструктурный кризис центральных городских микрорайонов, массовые внутренние миграции в большие города и приход крупных инвестиций в пригородную недвижимость.
Далее автор обсуждает тематику и работы исследователей пригородов по дисциплинам и географическим регионам. Основными направлениями изучения субурбанизации являются популяционная и миграционная динамика пригородных территорий, многообразие дач, география пригородов. Отмечается, что поле только начинает складываться в России: ученых немного, немногочисленные исследовательские кейсы разбросаны по стране и не позволяют делать обобщения о состоянии пригородов в стране в целом, поэтому картина развития пригородов в общероссийском масштабе складывается преимущественно на материале демографических данных.
State and Evolution of the Investigación y Educación en Enfermería Journal from a Metric Analysis
Authors: Vélez Ramírez Manuela , Ochoa Gutiérrez Jaider , Suárez Tamayo Marcela 
Published: November 2021

Objective. To analyze levels of production, reach, and thematic development of the Investigación y Educación en Enfermería journal from a scientometric analysis.
Methods. The study collected 1,066 articles corresponding to the period between 1983 and 2020. The scientometric analysis was carried out from three components of descriptive analysis: performance of the publication, geographic reach, and thematic development. The first two used data consolidated from articles published in the Open Journal System at Universidad de Antioquia. The third component captured the bibliographic references from the Web of Science and Scopus databases and from the Google Scholar and Lens academic search engines.
Results. In terms of the production analysis, the Journal shows stable behavior sustained over time with international reach regarding authorship. In the thematic setting, the Journal concentrates on two large clusters: 1) research on human factors from different perspectives and 2) cross-sectional studies differentiated mainly by sex. With respect to emerging clusters, on one side, a thematic pillar is seen with studies in young adult population and another in matters related to the educational process and nursing students.
Conclusion. The Journal has maintained outstanding behavior in terms of production over time, aligned with very good visibility for potential authors internationally; something not easily accomplished for most journals in Colombia. Likewise, its production has had a thematic domain to a greater extent related to human factors associated with the nursing practice.
Barriers and Facilitators that Influence on Adopting Healthy Lifestyles in People with Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Saavedra Espinosa Jessica Natalia , Rodríguez Malagón Martha Yelitza , Londoño Granados Sara Pamela , Alméziga Clavijo Oscar Stiven , Garzón Herrera María Camila , Díaz-Heredia Luz Patricia 
Published: November 2021

Objective. To measure lifestyle changes and describe the barriers and facilitators perceived that influence on adopting healthy lifestyles in people with cardiovascular diseases.
Methods. Mixed study of concurrent execution in the public health center of the municipality of Tausa, Colombia. The quantitative phase corresponded to a longitudinal analytical method in which the FANTASTICO instrument was applied to 28 patients in this program between 0 and 120 days after a brief nursing intervention (face-to-face meetings and telephone calls). The qualitative phase was carried out with a micro-ethnographic approach applying a semi-structured interview to 12 out of 28 participants, 120 days after the intervention.
Results. During the quantitative phase, a statistically significant change (p < 0.05) was the improvement of the total score and in the domains of activity, type of personality and insight between day 0 and 120. During the qualitative phase, 13 categories arose regarding barriers and facilitators to adopt a healthy lifestyle: four facilitators and one barrier for physical activity, three facilitators and three barriers for feeding, and two facilitators for stress management. By integrating the results, it is possible to explain that, for the change in eating behaviors, physical activity and stress management, personal biological and psychological factors, interpersonal and situational influences coincide with the assumptions and propositions of the Health Promotion Model by Nola Pender.
Conclusion. The participants’ lifestyles changed positively in three of the domains and the total of the instrument, which can be explained by simultaneous triangulation, by the facilitators and perceived barriers as influential on adopting behaviors to acquire a healthy lifestyle.
Impact of an Educational Intervention Aimed at Nursing Staff on Oral Hygiene Care on the Incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Adults Ventilated in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Sánchez Peña Melissa , Orozco Restrepo Luz Angélica , Barrios Arroyave Freddy Andrés , Suárez Brochero Oscar Felipe 
Published: November 2021

Objective. This work sought to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on oral hygiene care aimed at nursing care staff, on the incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in adults from an ICU in Colombia.
Methods. Quasi-experimental study pre- and post-educational intervention aimed at nursing staff in which theoretical-practical sessions were conducted during 12 weeks to explain different oral hygiene techniques according to the oral conditions of patients. The study gathered sociodemographic, clinical, and characteristic variables of the oral and dental care received. The VAP was diagnosed according with international criteria.
Results. The educational intervention received participation from 60 individuals (40 nurses and 20 nursing aides), 80% were women. The work collected data from 171 patients, 70 (40.9%) cared for after the educational intervention. Daily oral and dental care by the staff increased from 29.6% to 92.8% after the intervention. Although the accumulated incidence of VAP diminished from 8.9% to 2.8% and the rate of incidence dropped from 9 to 3.5 cases per 1000 days of intubation, these changes were not statistically significant.
Conclusion. The educational intervention aimed at the nursing staff in oral care reduced the incidence of VAP in adults connected to ventilator in ICU; although this decrease was not statistically significant, it was a clinically relevant result for the institution, which is why it is necessary to continue the educational strategies on oral health studied in this staff.