bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behandlung im Voraus Planen – ein Praxisprojekt zur Implementierung vorausschauender Versorgungsplanung in einer onkologischen Abteilung
Authors: Behringer Dirk , Henzler Dorothee , Badrakhan Curd-David , Behringer Birgitta , Stiel Stephanie 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Vorausschauende Versorgungsplanung ist als notwendiger Bestandteil für eine bedürfniszentrierte Betreuung von Patient*innen mit fortgeschrittenen Krebserkrankungen anerkannt. Aufgrund des seit Langem von Pflegepersonal und Ärzt*innen thematisierten Bedarfs in der onkologischen Abteilung wurde das Konzept „Behandlung im Voraus Planen“ (BVP) u. a. wegen der klar strukturierten Vorgehensweise für die Implementierung ausgewählt.
Methode Fortgeschrittenen Krebspatient*innen wurde ein BVP-Gespräch angeboten. Der Prozess vom Gesprächsangebot bis zur Erstellung einer BVP-Patientenverfügung (BVP-PV), der weitere gesundheitliche Verlauf und die Adhärenz gegenüber der in der BVP-PV dokumentierten Therapiegrenze wurden dokumentiert. Diskrepanzen zwischen Behandlungswünschen und ärztlicher Indikation wurden analysiert.
Ergebnisse Zwischen März 2015 und August 2019 erhielten 230 Patienten ≥ 1 BVP-Gesprächsangebot. 126 Patienten nahmen ≥ 1 Gespräch wahr, 88 BVP-PV wurden erstellt. Zwischen Gesprächsangebot und Erstgespräch lagen im Median 56 Tage, zwischen Fertigstellung der BVP-PV und Erreichen des Endpunkts 107 Tage. Die mediane Erstgesprächsdauer betrug 60 min. Die Wünsche auf Therapieverzicht wurden berücksichtigt. Die Diskrepanz zwischen patientenseitigem Wunsch auf intensivmedizinische Maßnahmen und fehlender ärztlicher Indikation wurde in einigen Fällen nach erneuten ärztlichen Gesprächen angepasst.
Diskussion BVP ist ein hilfreiches Instrument für die Wahrnehmung der individuellen Bedürfnisse bei fortgeschrittenen Krebspatient*innen. Es zeigte sich eine hohe Akzeptanz sowohl bei Patient*innen als auch im Behandlungsteam. Der Umgang mit belastenden Emotionen von Beratenden wurde durch abteilungsinterne Fürsorgestrukturen erleichtert.
Schlussfolgerung Der routinemäßige Einsatz von BVP erfordert ein einrichtungsweites Umdenken und die Bereitstellung von Ressourcen, die über die vom BVP-Konzept vorgesehenen Instrumente hinausgehen, z. B. für den Umgang mit belastenden Emotionen. Vor dem Hintergrund des in der S3-Leitlinie hinterlegten Bedarfs und Nutzens der vorausschauenden Versorgungsplanung bei Patient*innen mit fortgeschrittenen Krebserkrankungen ist eine angemessene Finanzierung zwingend.
DRGs und Krankenhauspreissystem – wie kann es weitergehen?
Authors: Kaltenbach Tobias 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDie deutschen DGRs stehen vor einer weiteren Reform. Der Anreiz-/Wirkungsmechanismus der DRGs als Preissystem für die deutschen Krankenhäuser wird nach Abweichungen vom Ideal als Instrument zur Durchsetzung von Regulierungszielen untersucht. Anschließend werden die Anforderungen an eine Reform des Krankenhauspreissystems unter Berücksichtigung objektiver betriebswirtschaftlicher Kriterien formuliert. Die sich daraus für eine Reform ergebenden maßgeblichen Prioritäten wie der Abbau bürokratischer Regeln und eine langfristige Lösung für die Finanzierung des Pflegeproblems und der ambulanten Leistungen werden ausgeführt.
A Facile Synthesis of 2-Aminopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic Acid and Its Symmetrical Dimethyl Ester
Authors: Nizovtsev Alexey V. , Bovin Nicolai V. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA new convenient synthetic route to 2-aminopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid is described. The first two stages of the three-step synthesis are performed in a one-pot procedure and include the cyclization of hippuric acid with DCC followed by treatment with methyl bromoacetate to yield an alkylated oxazolone. Its hydrolysis with HCl provides 2-aminopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid as its HCl salt. Esterification of the resulting acid with methanol in the presence of thionyl chloride leads selectively to its symmetrical diester.
Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin on the Prevention of Oxidative Damage to the Cochlea in an Ototoxic Rat Model Based on Malondialdehyde Expression
Authors: Haryuna Tengku Siti Hajar , Fauziah Dyah , Anggraini Sari , Harahap M Pahala Hanafi , Harahap Juliandi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction Aminoglycoside, as an antimicrobial medication, also has side-effects on the inner ears, bringing about hearing disorders. Curcumin has been proven to be a strong scavenger against various reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the increase in ROS production is considered to play an important role in the process of hearing disorder.
Objective To prove that curcumin is an effective antioxidant to prevent cochlear damage based on malondialdehyde (MDA) expression.
Methods The present research used 32 Rattus norvegicus, of the Wistar lineage, randomly divided into 8 groups: negative control, ototoxic control (a single dose of 40 mg/ml of gentamicin via intratympanic injection), 2 groups submitted to ototoxic control + curcumin treatment (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg), 2 groups who iunderwent ototoxic control + curcumin treatment for 7 days, and two groups submitted to curcumin treatment as prevention for 3 days + ototoxic induction.
Results The results showed that the lowest dosage of curcumin (100 mg/kg) could decrease MDA expression on the cochlear fibroblastic wall of the ototoxic model; however using greater doses of curcumin (200 mg/kg) for 7 days would provide a better effect. Curcumin could also significantly decrease MDA expression when it was administered during the preototoxic exposure.
Conclusion Curcumin can be used as a therapy for ototoxic prevention based on the decrease in MDA expression.
Carpal Instability: II. Imaging
Authors: Hesse Nina , Schmitt Rainer , Luitjens Johanna , Grunz Jan-Peter , Haas-Lützenberger Elisabeth Maria 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBeyond clinical examination, the various forms of carpal instability are assessed with radiologic methods and arthroscopy. For this purpose, the imaging demand for spatial and contrast resolution is particularly high because of the small ligamentous structures involved. The entities of carpal instability are classified into degrees of severity. Early (dynamic) forms of instability can either be indirectly detected with X-ray stress views and cineradiography or by direct visualization of ruptured ligaments in high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR or computed tomography (CT) arthrography, with the latter the standard of reference in imaging. Advanced (static) forms of carpal instability are sufficiently well detected on radiographs; visualization of early carpal osteoarthritis is superior on CT. To prevent disability of the hand, the radiologist has to provide an early and precise diagnosis. This case-based review highlights the imaging procedures suitable for detection and classification of carpal instability.
Biliary Strictures: Etiologies and Medical Management
Authors: Rodrigues Terrance , Boike Justin R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBiliary strictures have several etiologies that can broadly be classified into benign and malignant causes. The clinical presentation is variable with strictures identified incidentally on imaging or during the evaluation of routine laboratory abnormalities. Symptoms and cholangitis lead to imaging that can diagnose biliary strictures. The diagnosis and medical management of biliary strictures will be discussed in this article.
Percutaneous Management of Biliary Stones
Authors: Ozcan Nevzat , Riaz Ahsun , Kahriman Guven 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBile duct stone disease is the most common causes of nonmalignant bile duct obstructions. The range of common bile duct stone formation in patients with cholecystectomy is 3 to 14.7%. Hepatolithiasis, although endemic in some parts of the world, is a rare disease that is difficult to manage. Endoscopic intervention is accepted as the first-line management of common bile duct stones. However, when the bile duct cannot be cannulated for various reasons, the endoscopic procedure fails. In this circumstance, percutaneous approach is an alternative technique for the nonsurgical treatment of bile duct stones. This article reviews the indications, technique, outcomes, and complications of the percutaneous treatment of bile duct stone disease.
A Word of Caution for Gossypiboma
Authors: Sayan Bihter , Yamansavci Sirzai Esra , Yildizeli Bedrettin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGossypiboma, a retained nonabsorbable surgical sponge, is a major safety issue despite being infrequent, causing serious malpractice debates. In addition to this, it may mimic a range different disease within the thorax and even have unpleasant clinical presentations even after years.In this article, we report four gossypiboma cases with nonspecific clinical presentations to emphasize the importance of keeping this diagnosis in mind with all patients who have had a previous operation.
Mechanosensitive channel gating by delipidation
Authors: Flegler Vanessa Judith , Rasmussen Akiko , Borbil Karina , Boten Lea , Chen Hsuan-Ai , Deinlein Hanna , Halang Julia , Hellmanzik Kristin , Löffler Jessica , Schmidt Vanessa , Makbul Cihan , Kraft Christian , Hedrich Rainer , Rasmussen Tim , Böttcher Bettina 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Proteins embedded in membranes experience anisotropic forces from their surroundings. Mechanosensors are activated upon changes in the membrane tension and are the basis of important biological functionalities. However, the molecular mechanisms of mechanosensation are only vaguely understood. Hydrophobic mismatch between protein and membrane, amphiphilic sliding helices, or local membrane bending are examples for different concepts explaining mechanosensation in which one or more of these concepts could be implemented in a particular protein. Here, we show that the mechanosensitive channel of small conductance is gated by the extrusion of lipids from hydrophobic pockets independent of the membrane. A cryoelectron microscopy map at 2.3-Å resolution reveals the so-far-neglected role of aliphatic chains at the periplasmatic side in stabilizing the open state.
Silicon carbide coatings on zirconium alloy for light water reactor fuel cladding studies
Authors: Afornu B K , Lider A M , Ismail O A , Krinitcyn M G 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Coating of zirconium alloys is a promising approach for improving various properties of the cladding of fuel elements, including physical, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and reduction of radiation damage. In this paper, SiC coatings with thicknesses of 100, 200, and 300 microns were deposited by selective laser sintering (SLS) on Zr-1Nb alloy substrates at a laser power of 150 W. The 200 μm layer deposition registered the least contact depth during macro-scratch test to a maximum depth of about 25 μm into the coating. The uniformity and less porosity of the coatings is observed on the transverse sections in the entire variant. Analysis of the phase composition of the coating revealed the formation of silicon carbide phases (6H & 4H), with protective oxides of Al2O3, Y2O3, SiO2 and YAlO3. High coating adhesion was noticed with results of the scratch tests showing no delamination regardless of the higher loads used. However, partial chippings and transverse cracks were observed. The results obtained indicate the need for further research to improve the porosity of the surface structure of the coating and to conduct other necessary tests.
Oxidation features of sintered SiC composites deposited on E110 alloy at 1200 °c in air for fuel cladding studies
Authors: Afornu B K , Lider A M , Kashkarov E B , Syrtanov M S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Protective coatings are designed to reduce oxidation under extreme reactor temperature conditions. This study involves the application of a SiC coating on an E110 (Zr-1Nb) substrate in an atmosphere of air and argon by selective laser sintering (SLS) technique in which high-temperature oxidation test (HT-Ox) was performed on samples at a temperature of 1200 °C in air for 600 seconds. Calculated mass gained after HT-Ox test gave 34.6 mg/cm2, 31.1 mg/cm2, and 22.8 mg/cm2 for uncoated E110 alloy, SiC-E110 sintered in air and SiC-E110 sintered in an argon atmosphere respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) phase studies show the formation of more than 90% ZrO2 on the uncoated E110 alloy after HT-Ox. SiO2 and YAlO3 accounted for more than 50% of the oxides formed on the surfaces of samples coated with SiC after a HT-Ox test. Higher coating hardness’s with lower indentation depths were consistently observed in the SiC coated specimen before and after HT-Ox tests proving stability in the coated samples while higher indentation depths and sudden quadrupling in hardness was recorded in E110 alloy before and after HT-Ox respectively. SiC coating on Zr-alloy plays a significant role in reducing oxidation, especially in coatings fabricated in an inert environment.
Using computer vision in the gameplay of educational computer games
Authors: Chursin G , Semenov M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the use of computer vision elements in an educational game developed with the Unity3D game engine. The game is aimed at teaching and developing the skills of students in mathematics, physics, programming. For the development of educational games, it is necessary to completely change the approach to their development. We assume that the introduction of modern technologies, namely computer vision and microcontrollers, will attract students to the study of technology. This paper examines the possibility of introducing computer vision into the gameplay in real time. We propose to use image segmentation based on the oriented gradient histogram functions. We achieve 98 % accuracy using support vector machines for classification
The influence of alloying elements on the formation of the interfacial of a Fe-Cu bimetal produced by wire-feed electron beam additive manufacturing
Authors: Osipovich K S , Chumaevskii A V , Kalashnikov K N 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the present work, microstructural studies of the Fe-Cu bimetallic sample interface were carried out. The “vertical wall” sample made of different materials – AISI 321 stainless steel and C11000 copper – was produced by the wire-feed electron-beam additive manufacturing. The presence of sharp boundaries between inclusions and a matrix of these immiscible materials was shown. Moreover, the steel inclusions had an intraphase stratification. However, neither between the main elements of the bimetallic compound of Fe and Cu nor between the alloying elements included in the stainless steel composition, the formation of intermetallics was not detected.
Regularities of the deformed microstructure of ferritic-martensitic steel EP-823 after high-temperature thermomechanical treatment
Authors: Almaeva K V , Litovchenko I Yu , Polekhina N A , Akkuzin S A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The features of the microstructure of 12% chromium ferritic-martensitic steel EP-823 near the neck region of samples deformed by tension at T=-70, -40 °C, 20 °C and in the temperature range close to the reactor core operating temperatures of T = 650, 720 °C after high-temperature thermomechanical treatment (HTMT) are investigated. It is shown that at negative and room temperatures plastic deformation leads to curvature and fragmentation of martensitic lamellae, formation of new low-angle boundaries and a significant increase in the dislocations density. Deformation at high temperature contributes to the dynamic recovery, dynamic polygonization and increased sizes of carbide and carbonitride particles (M23C6 and MX type).
Influence of scandium on luminescence YSAG:Yb3+
Authors: Revenko D M , Chapura O M , Bondarenko E A , Mikhnev L V , Gazdinsky D L , Mizina V V , Ovsyannikov V V , Mitrofanov D V , Zakharov A A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this work, the effects of scandium introduction on the luminescence of yttrium scandium (Sc) aluminium garnet powders doped with ytterbium (YSAG: Yb3+) were investigated. Based on photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra we made conclusions about the influence of scandium concentration and location on emission properties of ytterbium ions in YSAG. On the one hand, an analysis of the data showed that the increase of Sc concentration leads to broadening spectral lines regardless of a location of scandium ions in the crystal structure. On the other hand, the photoluminescence intensity of ytterbium ions in YSAG is more sensitive to scandium in the octahedral site than to scandium in the dodecahedral site.
Formation Features of Polymetallic Products Obtained by Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Using Gradient Filament Feeding into the Molten Pool
Authors: Panfilov A O , Gusarova A V , Knyazhev E O , Chumaevskii A V , Zykova A P , Gurianov D A , Kalashnikova T A , Sokolov P S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Samples of functional-gradient materials of the “copper-aluminum” system on a stainless steel substrate were obtained by the method of additive electron beam technology with wire filament. The heterogeneity of the materials structure in different areas of the structural gradient was studied by the method of optical microscopy. Functionally-gradient materials of various compositions with the presence of a smooth and sharp gradient of the structure from copper to copper-aluminum alloy have been investigated. The results indicate the presence of heterogeneities in the composition and structural defects in material.
Application of TiO2 additive to concrete for pyrene degradation. Compressive strength of photocatalytic concrete
Authors: Sokolnikova S R , Tatarinov D A , Myslitskaya N A , Puzatova A V 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this work, samples of fine-grained concrete were made with the addition of TiO2 powder in a range of 1-3 wt% relative to the cement. The photocatalytic properties of photocatalytic concrete for the degradation of pyrene in solutions of sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate under UV irradiation were investigated. To evaluate the efficiency of photodegradation, the method of luminescence analysis was used. It was found that the degree of degradation of pyrene in solutions using photocatalytic concrete reaches 25% after 120 minutes under UV irradiation. The compressive strength of the manufactured samples was also studied. A decrease in strength of no more than 24% was registered. To prevent the negative effect of the TiO2 additive, a plasticizer was used. In this case, the compressive strength increased from 19 to 31% relative to the samples without plasticizer.
Laminated Ti3SiC2/Zr based composites obtained by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Sedanova E P , Murashkina T L , Krotkevich D G , Mingazova Y R , Lider A M , Travitzky N 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the fabrication of laminated Ti3SiC2/Zr based composites from Ti3SiC2 filled preceramic paper and Zr powder. The composites represented a “layers-by-layer” structure and were sintered by spark plasma at 1400 °C and 50 MPa for 10-30 min. The densification behavior during the sintering, microstructure of obtained composites and influence of the holding time on the phase composition were studied.
An online weighted sequential extreme learning machine for class imbalanced data streams
Authors: Li-wen Wang , Wei Guo , Yi-cheng Yan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
When general online classification algorithms deal with imbalanced data streams, there are always some problems, such as over fitting phenomenon caused by insufficient simple learning and instability of training model. In this paper, we introduce online sequential extreme learning machine (OSELM) as the basic theory model, and combine with the cost-sensitive strategy, then propose a cost-sensitive learning based online sequential extreme learning machine algorithm (C-OSELM). Firstly, in order to solve the problem that minority classes are easily misclassified due to class imbalance, use cost-sensitive strategy, by assigning different penalty parameters to various samples, a weighting matrix is constructed to improve the misclassification cost, thereby effectively alleviating the excessive deviation of decision surface. On this basis, in order to solve the problem that the penalty parameter is too single and the algorithm is not universal, the cost adjustment function is introduced to optimize the weight parameters to select the appropriate weight. Finally, 16 class II imbalanced datasets are used for comparison and verification. The experimental results show that the classification performances of the proposed C-OSELM algorithm are better than other comparative algorithms.
Comparison of classifiers for different data in application of classification
Authors: Gu Huirong , Jiao Jiyuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The classification task is very important in many application fields, such as image recognition, speech recognition, and text classification. Machine learning and deep learning methods are used as the classifiers in their specific classification tasks. Classical machine learning classifiers, including Random Forest, XGBoost, GMM, and SVM, and deep learning classifiers including CNN and LSTM are compared in this paper to show the different computing characteristics in their specific classification tasks. The comparison results show that the CNN-based classifier performs the best in its own classification, especially the image classification. The results illustrate that the complexity of the classification task may heavily influence the performance of the classifiers. The research in this paper has a reference significance for choosing the right classifier in applying the classification task.
Clean Our City: An Automatic Urban Garbage Classification Algorithm Using Computer Vision and Transfer Learning Technologies
Authors: Chen Yuke , Han Wendi , Jin Jizhi , Wang Hao , Xing Qiaochu , Zhang Yiwen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To improve the quality of human life in the city, the first thing to solve is the problem of urban garbage. So far, the best way to solve this problem is garbage classification. At present, many algorithms have been put forward one after another. Previous research proposed some computer vision systems to solve the problem of urban garbage classification. In recent years, with the development of computer hardware and large-scale data sets, the algorithm based on depth learning has shown superior performance in the field of image classification. Thus, the features designed by traditional methods are gradually replaced, which far exceed these traditional image classification algorithms in classification accuracy. This study proposes an algorithm based on InceptionV3 networks and test the algorithm on a large-scale garbage classification data-set. The data set was divided into 80% training sets, 10% validation set, and 10% test set and use the transfer learning approach. The model achieved an accuracy of 93.125%, which solved image garbage classification very well. What is more, the algorithm can play an important role in the medical area and help control the mechanical arm.
Support Vector Regression with Gaussian kernel for Housing Prices Prediction
Authors: Miao Dingyang , Tang Hongru , Wang Boshen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The housing sector is one of the main sources of economic growth in both developing and developed countries. It is reported that nearly half of people buy or sell houses at an inappropriate price. Based on the public data set of Boston housing prices, this essay analyzed the factors affecting house prices and selected the five most important factors based on the decision tree with the ID3 algorithm. Then, this essay developed the support vector regression (SVR) with Gaussian kernel to predict housing prices. Experimental results showed that our method achieves superior accuracy and effectiveness compared with the SVR with linear kernel, KNN, and decision tree. To verify the applicability of our model, this research applied this model in Beijing housing price data, and it also achieved satisfactory fitting results.