bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of OSA modified starch‐based Pickering emulsion and its application to myofibrillar protein gel
Authors: Wu Mangang , Xu Yuyu , Gu Chen , Wang Jiahao , Wang Qingling , Yin Peipei , Zhu Tianhao , Yin Qing , Zhao Xinxin , Jin Duxin , Liu Rui , Ge Qingfeng , Yu Hai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPickering emulsions prepared with octenyl succinic anhydride‐modified starch (OSAS) show significant promise as replacements for animal fat. However, the underlying mechanism of incorporating an OSAS‐based Pickering emulsion into a myofibrillar protein (MP) gel and its impact on the gel properties remain poorly understood. In this study, the effects of OSAS at varying concentrations (0–10.0 g kg−1) on the stability of Pickering emulsion and the resultant gel properties of MP were investigated.RESULTSEmulsion stability was assessed using a stability analyzer, revealing a significant enhancement with increasing OSAS concentration. Compared with MP gel, the incorporation of the OSAS‐based Pickering emulsion markedly improved the texture of the composite gels, increasing the gel hardness from 0.28 to 0.66 N. Moreover, water‐holding capacity of composite gels rose from 28.5% to 61.2%, with a notable increase in immobilized water and a decrease in mobilized water. Rheological analysis revealed that the interactions of modified starch with MP and water molecules bolstered the elastic modulus of the gels. Additionally, the presence of OSAS‐stabilized emulsions led to reduced surface hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl content of proteins in the gels, while partially inhibiting protein oxidation.CONCLUSIONOSAS, notably at a high concentration, improved the physical stability of Pickering emulsion and the properties of MP gel. This research provides fundamental insights for the development of high‐quality emulsified meat products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
An Optimized and Sensitive UHPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF/HRMS Demonstrated the Dynamic Profiling of Allantoin, N‐trans‐Feruloyl‐3‐Methoxytyramine, and N‐p‐Coumaroyltyramine from Portulaca oleracea L. In Vivo in Rats
Authors: Li Kexian , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study revealed the dynamic profiling of three main components of Portulaca oleracea L. in vivo in rats, namely allantoin (A), N‐trans‐feruloyl‐3‐methoxytyramine (M), and N‐p‐coumaroyltyramine (C). A sensitive and efficient UHPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF/HRMS, including an optimized separation process, was applied to their qualitative and quantitative analysis. The validation of the method presented the correlation coefficients, which were over 0.997. The mean matrix factors were 0.930. Recoveries ranged from 96.6% to 109.2%, and determination accuracy varied from 95% to 109.4%. The biological samples included rat plasma, liver, kidneys, bile, and excreta taken after a single oral administration of the saturated DMSO solution of P. oleracea extract. The contents of A, M, and C were of 2.5, 5.1, and 3.4 g/kg in the dry whole herb, respectively. A was identified in the liver and kidneys from 0 to 6 h. Allantoic acid, as one metabolite of A, was found to be kept in plasma for a short time, but another two successive metabolites of A remained over 6 h. It depicted a pharmacological material basis of the herb, regarded with A. The glucuronidation and/or sulfation of M and C were detected in rat bile from 0 to 12 h. The complicated but interesting metabolic schemes for A, M, and C were illustrated from their HRMS and MS/MS performance.
Column Screening and Development of HILIC and RPLC Methods Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Monitoring of Albumin on Cysteine 34 Exposed to Mustard Agents
Authors: Avigo Lorenzo , Combès Audrey , Desoubries Charlotte , Albaret Christine , Bossée Anne , Joubert Emmanuel , Pichon Valérie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAdduction on protein nucleophile sites by mustard agents can be monitored to assess detection of retrospective exposure to these agents. Cysteine 34 (Cys34) on human serum albumin was selected as the target of choice. This work targets di‐ and tripeptides adducted on Cys34 by sulfur mustard, sesquimustard, and nitrogen mustards separated in hydrophilic liquid chromatography (HILIC) and Reversed–Phase (RP) mode. The effect of several mobile phase additives on the mass spectrometry (MS) and MS/MS signal and on LC retention profile was studied. A mix of ammonium acetate and acetic acid offered satisfactory results in terms of MS sensitivity. Screening of HILIC columns was performed, and ZIC‐HILIC stationary phase was selected for HILIC mode, and C18 stationary phase was used for RP analysis. Negative ionization mode leads to a higher S/N ratio compared to positive ionization mode. Adducted tripeptides were selected for the monitoring of mustard agents’ exposure, allowing better sensitivity than their dipeptide homologues. The two developed chromatographic methods have similar sensitivities with LOQs ranging from 1.9 to 20.5 ng/mL for the reversed‐phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)–ESI–(−)–MS/MS method and from 1.7 to 43.3 ng/mL for the HILIC–ESI–(−)–MS/MS method. The monitoring method should be selected based on the targeted mustard agent, and the remaining method can be a confirmation tool.
Identification and Characterization of Chemical Compounds in Compound Shougong Powder by UHPLC‐Q‐TOF/MSE Combined With Multiple Data Processing Techniques
Authors: Yang Rui , Fu Xiaojie , Li Lanying , Wei Ziqi , Zhou An , Wu Huan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCompound Shougong Powder (CSP) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation recognized for its efficacy in reducing swelling and relieving pain. It is primarily used clinically for the treatment of malignant tumors. However, research on the chemical compounds present in CSP remains limited. In this study, we employed ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐TOF/MSE) combined with multiple data processing techniques to comprehensively characterize the chemical compounds in CSP. This included a multiple‐point screening mass defect filtering (MDF), an enhanced method based on conventional MDF and boundary theory that creates a polygonal filtering zone by connecting numerous endpoints (n ≥ 5) to filter target components. Additional techniques utilized were extracted ion chromatogram (EIC), neutral loss filtering (NLF), diagnostic fragment ion filtering (DFIF), and direct identification methods considering retention time, fragmentation behavior, and reference standards. First, UHPLC‐Q‐TOF/MSE was applied for comprehensive profiling of CSP's chemical compounds. Then, R language combined with MZmine was used for data preprocessing, enabling the construction of an ion information list to extract valid data. Eventually, through these multiple data processing techniques, a total of 116 chemical compounds in CSP were identified, including 34 flavonoids, 38 saponins, seven stilbenes, six anthraquinones, 12 organic acids, 13 terpenoids, and six others. In summary, this study elucidates the chemical composition of CSP, contributing to the discovery of potential active ingredients for CSP. Additionally, the established strategy provided a powerful guide for the chemical characterization of TCM.
Activation of PPARγ regulates M1/M2 macrophage polarization and attenuates dextran sulfate sodium salt‐induced inflammatory bowel disease via the STAT‐1/STAT‐6 pathway
Authors: Xue Liang , Wu Yong‐You 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate whether activation of PPARγ regulates M1/M2 macrophage polarization to attenuate dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)‐induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) via the STAT‐1/STAT‐6 pathway in vivo and in vitro. We first examined the effect of PPARγ on macrophage polarization in LPS/IFN‐γ‐treated M1 RAW264.7 cells and IL‐4/IL‐13‐treated M2 RAW264.7 cells. Then, 40 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: the Sham, IBD, IBD + fludarabine (FLU), IBD + IL‐4, and IBD + pioglitazone (PI) groups. The mice received 2.5% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days and then received regular water for 2 days to establish the experimental IBD murine model. The mice in the IBD + FLU, IBD + IL‐4, and IBD + PI groups were intraperitoneally injected with FLU, IL‐4, and PI, respectively, for 9 days. Clinical symptoms, intestinal barrier function, macrophage polarization, PPARγ, and the STAT‐1/STAT‐6 pathway were analyzed. Activation of PPARγ decreased M1 polarization marker expression and STAT‐1 phosphorylation and increased M2 polarization marker expression and STAT‐6 phosphorylation in RAW264.7 cells. Activation of PPARγ attenuated disease symptoms, such as weight loss, diarrhea, and bloody stool. Histological analysis revealed that PI treatment reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, restored the mucosal architecture, and improved the expression of tight junction proteins. Moreover, the activation of PPARγ decreased the expression of iNOS and increased the expression of Arg‐1, Fizz 1, and Ym 1 by inhibiting STAT‐1 phosphorylation and promoting STAT‐6 phosphorylation in mice with DSS‐induced IBD. Activation of PPARγ regulates M1/M2 macrophage polarization to attenuate DSS‐induced IBD via the STAT‐1/STAT‐6 pathway in vivo and in vitro.
The Synergistic Effect of Two Alloying Elements on the Microstructures and Properties of Zn–2.5Al–3Mg Alloys
Authors: Ma Longyue , Chen Wenxuan , Zhou Guorong , Teng Xinying , Yu Shui , Zhang Mengmeng , Sun Jin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe present study investigates the microstructure, hardness, and corrosion behavior of Zn–2.5Al–3Mg alloys with the addition of two elements (Zr–Si, Zr–Sb, and Zr–Ti). This analysis includes SEM/EDS, Brinell hardness testing, electrochemical measurements, and XPS. The SEM results indicate that the Zn–2.5Al–3Mg alloy, with added Zr and Ti elements, exhibits finer grains and a more homogeneous structure compared to the other two combinations (Zr–Si and Zr–Sb). Electrochemical analysis indicated that the Zn–2.5Al–3Mg–0.2(Zr–Ti) alloy exhibited the best corrosion resistance among all the samples tested. Furthermore, XPS identified that the corrosion products of the Zn–2.5Al–3Mg–0.2(Zr–Ti) alloy mainly consist of dense Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2, ZnAl2O4, and MgAl2O4. An exploration into the corrosion resistance mechanism of the Zn–2.5Al–3Mg–0.2(Zr–Ti) alloy showed that the dense corrosion products formed during the corrosion process gradually accumulate and fill corrosion gaps. This accumulation hinders the progression of corrosion into the metal, ultimately enhancing the alloy's corrosion resistance.
Laboratory‐Scale Free Fall Cone Penetrometer Test on Marine Clay: A Numerical Investigation Using the Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method
Authors: Mohapatra Debasis , Mohammadi Saeideh , Saresma Maarit , Virtasalo Joonas J. , Sołowski Wojciech T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a series of laboratory free‐fall cone penetrometer (FFCP) tests conducted on marine clay samples collected from the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea. Subsequently, these tests are replicated numerically with the generalized interpolation material point method (GIMP) simulations. First, the paper gives laboratory‐scale FFCP experiment results used for the validation of the numerical framework. In these experiments, a small‐scale model of a FFCP was dropped from various heights into a natural marine clay soil sample and recorded using a high‐speed camera. The tests were supplemented with a laboratory test program to determine the geotechnical properties of the clay used in the experiments. Following image processing, the tests provided data for numerical simulations: displacement, velocity, acceleration, and reaction force curves associated with the FFCP during the penetration process. The GIMP simulations shown in the paper replicate the process of penetration of the FFCP into the marine clay. The simulations used a strain‐rate dependent Tresca constitutive model, extended with strain softening that replicates the reduction of the undrained shear strength due to destructuration, an important feature of the material. The numerical simulations replicate the experiments well. The study examines the effect of cone penetrometer roughness, impact velocity, mesh density, strain rate, and strain softening on the cone penetrometer penetration process. The simulation results indicate that the presented framework can replicate the dynamic penetration process on soft and sensitive clay very well.
A Fatigue Cohesive Law‐Embedded Finite‐Discrete Element Method for Pulsed Hydraulic Fracture Simulation
Authors: Wei Xuanchun , Wang Lei , Li Yancao , Ding Jingtao , Zhang Zhennan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe pulsed hydraulic fracture (PHF) is a stimulation technique of reservoir, which can lower breakdown pressure by generating fatigue fracture. In this study, a fatigue cohesive law is proposed and embedded into the finite‐discrete element method (FDEM) to describe the fatigue failure of the interface under cyclic loading. The fatigue is assumed to result from the accumulation of plastic deformation, whose increment is related to the traction variation range of each cycle and the total plastic deformation. The proposed fatigue cohesive law is validated by the uniaxial compression and mixed‐mode three‐point bending test simulation. Then this fatigue cohesive law is embedded into a fully hydraulic–mechanical coupled FDEM to simulate the PHF. The influence of loading scheme, flow rate, frequency, viscosity and natural fracture density on PHF behaviors is discussed. The results suggest that both the pressure‐ and injection rate–controlled PHF can reduce the breakdown pressure. The flow rate, frequency, and viscosity have a great impact on the performance of PHF. The natural fractures surrounding a hydraulic fracture (HF) can be gradually activated under cyclic injection. The activated natural fractures contribute to the complicated HF network. These results indicate that the proposed fatigue cohesive model can effectively simulate the fatigue fracture of rock and HF propagation under cyclic injection.
Accelerated Non‐linear Stability Analysis Based on Predictions From Data‐Based Surrogate Models
Authors: Strauß Anika , Kneifl Jonas , Tkachuk Anton , Fehr Jörg , Bischoff Manfred 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn many applications in computer‐aided engineering, like parametric studies, structural optimization, or virtual material design, a large number of almost similar models must be simulated. Although the individual scenarios may differ only marginally in both space and time, the same amount of effort is invested in each new simulation, without taking into account the experience and knowledge gained in previous simulations. Therefore, we have developed a method that combines data‐based Model Order Reduction (MOR) and reanalysis, exploiting knowledge from previous simulation runs to accelerate computations in multi‐query contexts. While MOR allows reducing model fidelity in space and time without significantly deteriorating accuracy, reanalysis uses results from previous computations as a predictor or preconditioner. In particular, this method enables acceleration of the exact computation of critical points, such as limit and bifurcation points, by the method of extended systems for systems that depend on a set of design parameters, such as material or geometric properties. Such critical points are of utmost engineering significance due to the special characteristics of the structural behavior in their vicinity. Conventional reanalysis methods, like the fold line analysis, can be used to accelerate the computation of critical points of almost similar systems but are limited in their applicability. For the fold line analysis, only small parameter variations are possible as the algorithm may not converge to the correct solution or fail to converge elsewise. Moreover, this method is only suited to finding the first critical points of limit point problems. In contrast to that, our developed data‐based “reduced model reanalysis” method overcomes these problems. Thus, a larger parameter space can be covered. The efficiency of this method is demonstrated for a couple of numerical examples, including standard and isogeometric finite element models.
Human Papilloma Virus Infection and Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma Recurrence: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Alqudrah Fayssal , Kota Sharwani , Morgan Jason , Purnell Phillip R. , McCormick Justin P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivePrior studies have been contradictory on the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) recurrence. This systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed to further evaluate this potential association.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, and Scopus electronic databases.Review MethodsCase‐control studies reporting SNIP recurrence data and HPV status identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in‐situ hybridization (ISH). Meta‐analysis was performed to determine pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results25 studies were identified including a total of 1116 benign SNIP tumors. A total of 267 SNIP were HPV+, 103 of which were recurrent, and 849 SNIP were HPV−, with 231 being recurrent. The pooled standard OR for recurrence in HPV+ tumors was 2.05 (95% CI: 1.31‐3.19). Stratification by low‐risk and high‐risk HPV subtypes were not statistically significant. The standard OR for SNIP recurrence in low‐risk and high‐risk HPV+ subtypes were 1.57 (95% CI: 0.98‐2.54) and 1.67 (95% CI: 0.98‐2.80), respectively.ConclusionInfection with HPV may be associated with an increased risk of SNIP recurrence. This increased risk seems to be independent of HPV subtype based on low‐risk or high‐risk status. However, this correlation was variable among recently published studies requiring additional investigation.
Recycling of Krylov Subspaces in the Simulation of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems
Authors: Stellmach Laurenz , Nitzschke Steffen , Woschke Elmar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe paper deals with the implementation of a Krylov subspace recycling method into the solution of a nonlinear system of equations that arises during the time integration of the equations of motion of a hydrodynamically supported rotor system. The recycling BiCGStab algorithm is used in order to speed up the calculation. Different methods for generating the necessary subspace are pointed out. Additionally, a new method for the approximate determination of the subspace is presented and discussed in the context of the numerical effort and usability w.r.t. the established methods.
Assessment of Barriers and Enablers for Implementing a Population‐Based Childhood Cancer Registry in Chennai, India
Authors: Radhakrishnan Venkatraman , Jothi Ayswarya , Mary Riya , Veeraiah Surendran , Sudhakar Revathy , Selvam Punitha , Kothandan Balaji Thiruvengadam , Santana Victor , Steliarova‐Foucher Eva , Bhakta Nickhill , Rajaraman Swaminathan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite most childhood cancer cases being diagnosed in low‐ and middle‐income countries, there is a significant deficit of population‐based childhood cancer registries (PBCCRs) in these regions. To address this critical gap, we established India's first dedicated PBCCR in Chennai on October 4, 2022, covering children aged 0–19. This study aims to identify the barriers and enablers to implementing the Chennai PBCCR.ProcedureBetween April 2023 and March 2024, a sequential explanatory mixed‐method study was conducted across 10 of the 16 centers in Chennai that agreed to support the PBCCR. A total of 25 professionals agreed to participate in the quantitative phase utilizing a structured questionnaire. For the qualitative phase, in‐depth interviews were conducted with 23 participants, including 16 from the quantitative phase, two stakeholders, and five caregivers. The interview guide was constructed, and the responses were analyzed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.ResultsThemes from the qualitative analysis revealed technological constraints, poor record‐keeping, insufficient details captured in case records, and inadequate human resources as impediments. At the same time, factors such as knowledge, belief in sharing high‐resolution data, the requirement and advantages of implementing a childhood cancer registry, professional self‐efficacy, work infrastructure, and collaborative networks emerged as facilitators to the successful implementation of PBCCR.ConclusionOur experience and the findings of this study serve as a model for successfully implementing and operating PBCCRs in India and other countries. Registry data are vital to improving the understanding of childhood cancer burden and offer hope to children and their families.
Exploring the Indoor Plant–People Relationship Through Qualitative Responses
Authors: Le Busque B. , Litchfield C. , Shaw C. L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHumans have a long‐standing relationship with the natural world, particularly in how they engage with plants—referred to as people–plant relationships. While plants naturally live outdoors, people have been including them inside built environments for centuries. Although the benefits of indoor plants are well documented in research, there is limited exploration of individuals' subjective relationships with their indoor plants. To address this gap, we examined the perceived benefits of owning indoor plants and how people describe their relationships with them through open‐ended qualitative survey items. Data were collected from 115 indoor plant owners in Australia, and the qualitative responses were analyzed using a combination of thematic analysis and qualitative segmentation. On average, participants owned 15 indoor plants and in total participants identified 11 benefits. The most common being decorative and aesthetic value, improved air quality, and calming effects. Participants fell into one of four types of relationships with their indoor plants: highly connected, engaged, limited engagement, and no relationship. This qualitative segmentation approach allowed us to achieve a key goal of exploratory qualitative research—providing new insights to inform future quantitative studies. Given that we found that not all indoor plant–people relationships are equal, and that people have varying levels of connection to their plants, future research should explore these relationship types using quantitative methods.
PVDF‐HFP/PI‐SiO2 composite sandwich separators for lithium‐ion batteries: Fabrication and post‐processing
Authors: Parsaei Solmaz , Zebarjad Seyed Mojtaba , Moghim Mohammad Hadi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPVDF‐HFP/PI‐SiO2 three‐layer sandwich separators of lithium‐ion battery were fabricated by electrospinning and post‐processing. PI‐SiO2 composite side layers were electrospun with 5, 10, and 15 wt% SiO2, while PVDF‐HFP was used as the middle layer. Then, mechanical/thermal post‐processing was applied on electrospun sandwich separators. Results showed that the addition of SiO2 reduced fibers diameter, increased wettability, and improved mechanical strength of the PVDF‐HFP/PI separator. The separator with 10% SiO2 has shown the highest tensile strength (21.1 MPa) and puncture strength (1.573 KgF). Differential scanning calorimetric, thermo‐gravimetric analysis, thermal shrinkage, and flammability results showed that PI‐SiO2/PVDF‐HFP/PI‐SiO2 separators had excellent thermal stability with respect to PP separator, while these properties were improved with SiO2 content. The fabricated sandwich separators had high air permeability and volumetric porosity of more than 63%. The discharge capacity of PI‐SiO2/PVDF‐HFP/PI‐SiO2 was enhanced at high current densities, as it was improved from 117 to 125 mAh/mg at the discharge rate of 2C, by increasing the percentage of SiO2 from 0 to 15 (wt%).Highlights
Tensile strength was improved more than 500% by applying post‐processing.
SiO2 reduced fibers diameter, and improved wettability and mechanical strength.
Capacity was improved from 117 to 125 mAh/mg at the rate of 2C with SiO2.
Fabricated separators had ignition resistance compared to commercial separators.