bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of foot-and-mouth disease risk areas in mainland China based spatial multi-criteria decision analysis
Authors: Haoran Wang , Jianhua Xiao , Maolin Ouyang , Hongyan Gao , Jia Bie , Li Gao , Xiang Gao , Hongbin Wang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals. As a transboundary animal disease, the prevention and control of FMD are important. This study was based on spatial multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to assess FMD risk areas in mainland China. Ten risk factors were identified for constructing risk maps by scoring, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the criteria weights of all factors. Different risk factors had different units and attributes, and fuzzy membership was used to standardize the risk factors. The weighted linear combination (WLC) and one-at-a-time (OAT) were used to obtain risk and uncertainty maps as well as to perform sensitivity analysis.
Results
Four major risk areas were identified in mainland China, including western (Xinjiang and Tibet), southern (Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Guangdong), northern (Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia), and eastern (Hebei, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Shandong). We found spring as the main season for FMD outbreaks. Risk areas were associated with the distance to previous outbreak points, grazing areas and cattle density. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the risk map had good predictive power (AUC = 0.8532).
Conclusions
These results can be used to delineate FMD risk areas in mainland China, and provinces can adopt the targeted preventive measures and control strategies.
The Relationship of Illness Perception and Medication Adherence in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Type II
Authors: Bilondi Sina Sabeti , Noghabi Ali Delshad , Aalami Hosein 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: One of the most well-known chronic diseases in the world is diabetes. Disease perception is the patient's organized cognitive representation of his or her illness and can affect treatment adherence. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between illness perception and adherence to the medical regimen in patients with type II diabetes. Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 260 patients with type II diabetes referred to Gonabad Diabetes Clinic by systematic random sampling in 2019. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire, Morisky medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), and Brief illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software. And using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results showed that the mean score of illness perception of type II diabetes was 46.39 ± 9.45 (range 0-70) and the mean score of medication Adherence was 2.93 ± 1.9 (range 0-8). The results of Pearson correlation test showed a significant relationship between illness perception and medication Adherence (P <0.001, r = 0.199). Also, the regression model showed that the dimensions of disease comprehension and personal control from illness perception were significantly related to medication Adherence of type II diabetic patients (P <0.001). Conclusion: By measuring the level of illness perception, the degree of medication Adherence can be predicted. Therefore, strengthening the illness perception in order to medication Adherence seems to be an important therapeutic strategy in educational interventions. Keywords: illness perception, medication Adherence, type II diabetes
Nurse-performed ultrasonography in combat operations: a perspective for the future?
Authors: Balasoupramanien Kevin , Comat Guillaume , Renard Aurélien , Meusnier Jean-Guillaume , Montigon Coline , Pitel Anne-Sophie , Bascou Marc , Dubourg Rémy , Cazes Nicolas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background In current French military operations, it is not uncommon for the military nurses (MNs) to be required to support soldiers alone in isolated areas. At a time when advanced practice nurses in the civilian sector develop extended skills, we asked MNs about their willingness to be trained in point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS).Methods We conducted a web-based survey from 1 November 2018 to 1 December 2018, including all MNs deployed in the Barkhane operation. The questionnaire, sent by e-mail, aimed to describe the willingness of MNs to be trained in POCUS. Their opinion on the usefulness of this training, the situations and ultrasound targets that seemed most profitable to them were also studied.Results 30 questionnaires out of 34 were completed. On average, MNs had 7.4 years of practice and had already carried out three military operations. Three MNs reported having been trained in POCUS and six had already performed POCUS on the field. 96% of the untrained MNs wanted to be trained. Twenty-nine (96%) MNs felt that there was added value in knowing how to perform POCUS, especially in operations and in isolated posts without a military physician (MP). Focused assessment with sonography for trauma, pleural and urinary tract ultrasound were the targets considered most useful to them, in that order.Conclusion MNs are interested in learning POCUS. A training course before their departure on mission for simple and quick acquisition targets would be easy to implement and probably beneficial for the patient, the MN and the MP.
Image Classification using ImageNet Classifiers in Environments with Limited Data
Authors: Sharma Anirvin , Singh Abhinav , Choudhury Tanupriya , Sarkar Tanmay 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this research, we compare and contrast various image classification algorithms and how effective they are in specific problem sets where data might be scarce such as prediction of rare phenomena (for example, natural calamities), enterprise solutions etc. We have employed various state-of-the-art algorithms in this study credited to have been some of the best classifiers at the time of their inception. These classifiers have also been suspected to fall prey to overfitting on the datasets they were initially tested on viz. ImageNet and Common Objects in Context (COCO); we test to what extent these classifiers tend to generalize to the new data provided by us in a transfer learning framework. We utilize transfer learning on the ImageNet classifiers to adapt to our smaller dataset and examine various techniques such as data augmentation, batch normalization, dropout etc. to mitigate overfitting. All the classifiers follow a standard fully connected architecture. The end result should provide the reader with an overall analysis of which algorithm or approach to use in conditions where data might be limited while also giving a brief overview of the progress of image classification algorithms since their advent. We also provide an analysis on the effectiveness of data augmentation in limited datasets by providing results achieved with and without utilizing data augmentation. In our case, we found the MobileNet (with its lightweight nature contributing to low computational costs) and InceptionV3 (owing to its lower training time) to be the best performing classifiers for applying transfer learning to limited datasets out of the classifiers we have used for our study. This paper aims to establish preemptive standards that can be used to evaluate the models which can be used in object recognition, and image classification for problems containing limited amounts of data.
Relationship between Undernutrition and Periodontal Diseases among a sample of Yemeni Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Al-Kalisi Milad , Al-Hajri Manal , Al-Rai Sarah 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Undernutrition is an inadequate supply of energy and nutrients. Periodontal diseases (PDs) are defined as a broad form of chronic inflammatory disease of the gingiva, bone and ligaments supporting the teeth. This study aimed to reveal the relationship between undernutrition, using body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin level (Alb), and PDs in a sample of Yemeni population. A cross-sectional study was conducted at dental teaching clinics at the Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University. Of the 1920 patients attended to clinics, only 229 matched the study criteria. Oral examination was performed to assess the periodontal clinical parameters measurements. BMI and Alb was measured. (58.5%) of participants were males and most of the study sample (91.3%) was at the age group of (18–35). Regarding to habits, only (18.2%) of patients were smokers and more than half of participants (59.4%) were khat chewers. Among all participants, (81.2%) of cases were diagnosed with gingivitis. (60.7%) of study participants were mildly undernourished according to BMI. (93%) of participants showed normal Alb level. BMI and albumin level were non significantly associated with PDs. Mild malnutrition was the most frequent category in the patients diagnosed with gingivitis. In conclusion, There was a relationship between PDs and undernutrition which was clearly seen between mild undernutrition and gingivitis.
PENANDA KAWASAN SEBAGAI PENGUAT NILAI FILOSOFIS SUMBU UTAMA KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Haryono Azis Yon 
Published: April 2021

Title: Urban Signage as Philosophical Reinforcement Main Axis of Yogyakarta
The history search of space-forming structure of Yogyakarta shows an axis or pivot that forms the main hall corridor of the city. The axes are connected to the point of the city elements in the form of buildings starting from the White Pal Monument (Tugu Pal Putih) building in the north of the city, the Sultan Palace in the middle of the city, and Panggung Krapyak in the south of the Palace. The axis series are called as philosophical axis of Yogyakarta. These axes have a very important value considering to its position in the main pivot of the city. It will certainly bring its consequence on all of the physical elements that form the region. One of these referred elements is the sign elements. The definition of the sign elements is landmark buildings, gates, nodes, billboards, traffic signs, information boards, art media (murals), monuments (sculptures), and the installations of three dimension art in the public space. The result of the identification in the field shows that, the first, the presence of the signs along the axis tend to be without special characters (distinct character), so the formed character of the space is closed to the other locations. The second, the existence of advertisement media or information boards whether commercial, social, or information from the government tend to be unorganized and dominate the available spaces. The specific elements in the form of work of art installation, monuments, gates, and heritage buildings that have already existed and form a special character to the region that impressed overwhelmed by the presence of advertising media and information boards so it is felt to be lost from the sight. The rearrangement of the advertising media and information boards, also the development of sign elements that have a good synergy will contribute to the value strengthening of philosophical axis of Tugu Pal Putih and Panggung Krapyak of Yogyakarta.
IDENTIFIKASI KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN KUMUH DI KAWASAN WURING, KABUPATEN SIKKA, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Bebhe Kristiana , Mberu Yuliana Bhara 
Published: April 2021

Title: Identification of Slum Settlement in Wuring Area, Sikka District, East Nusa Tenggara
The Wuring area, located in Sikka regency East Nusa Tenggara province. This settlement is dominated by the Bajo tribe and considered as a slum area. The identification of slum areas was carried out in order to provide basic data and slums-related information for local governments, planners, designers and area developers in making decisions or considerations in handling the slum settlement program. Determine criteria for slum areas was conducted by considering various aspects or dimensions such as the suitability of the location allotment related with spatial planning, land status (ownership), location, level of population and building density and physical, social, economic and cultural conditions of the local community. The study aims to identify and assess the location of slum areas in the Wuring area and furthermore recommend how the handling of this slum areas. For this purpose, the deductive research method using the criterias based on the Slum Settlement Identification Handbook issued by the Directorate of Settlement Development, Directorate General of Human Settlements, Indonesian Ministry of Public Works. The result of the study is that in the Wuring area has high level of slums and illegal land status.
PERUBAHAN FUNGSI, BENTUK DAN MATERIAL RUMAH ADAT SASAK KARENA MODERNISASI
Authors: Julita Ing , Hidayatun Maria Immaculata 
Published: April 2021

Title: Function, Form and Material Changes of Sasak Traditional House due to Modernization
Along with the increasing time and technological development, society’s needs will change or evolve, starting from the social and cultural aspects. This will affect the architectural side of community dwellings, including traditional houses. Traditional houses will experience architectural changes starting from the needs of space, activities, social users, and materials as in the study to be discussed, the Sasak traditional house in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Many changes that occur are the function of the living space due to various factors, one of which is the addition of family members. The use of material also experienced a lot of changes due to economic factors and technological factors. Therefore, this study will analyze the changes that occur and their influence on the initial meaning contained in the Sasak traditional house due to various factors at the time of modernization.
PENERAPAN KONSEP SOSIAL DAN BEHAVIOR SETTING PADA RUMAH ADAT BALI
Authors: Roosandriantini Josephine , Meilan Fernanda Yosefi 
Published: April 2021

Title: Application of the Social and Behavioral Setting Concept on Balinese Architecture
The neighborhood is formed unique as a result of the activities, reactions as well as behavior of the individuals who are living in it. The formation of the neighborhood has a natural architectural meaning which is determined by the necessity of individuals related to the division of the nature of space. The division of the nature of space is very apparent in Balinese traditional houses, it consists of the private to the public spaces. The nature of space is also studied in architecture behavior, and in this study behavioral approach is used in seeing the relationship between the nature of space and the physical appearance of Balinese architecture. This approach is also observing the pattern of user behavior that occurs repeatedly to form a distinct environmental order. This research was conducted to identify the spatial division and the formation of behavioral setting in which the behavior patterns is defined. The purpose of this study is to understand how the concept of behavior setting is applied in Balinese traditional houses. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative, by collecting data based on literature research on Balinese architecture. The results of this study are to explain the human needs of each arrangement based on the nature of the space, and also determine the formation of behavioral setting concepts in the arrangement of Balinese traditional houses.
Folic acid, periconceptional multivitamin supplementation and pregnancy: modern aspects
Authors: Romanov A. Yu. , Dolgushina N. V. 
Published: April 2021

Folic acid (vitamin B9) is a water-soluble vitamin, essential for the growth and development of the blood and immune systems. Its deficiency is a significant risk factor for fetal neural tube defects. The widespread implementation of drugs and food supplements containing folic acid in preparation for pregnancy and in its first trimester has significantly reduced the incidence of fetal neural tube defects.According to current recommendations, taking 0.4 mg of folic acid per day is indicated within 6 months before conception and in the first trimester of pregnancy. Taking folic acid at a dosage of 4 mg is indicated for patients with a history of a fetal neural tube defect.There are also other risk factors for developing fetal neural tube defects. These include family history, obesity, malabsorption syndrome, folate cycle gene polymorphisms, smoking, drug use, diabetes mellitus (pre-gestational), and other chronic diseases. Determination of the required dosage of folic acid in these categories of patients still requires discussion and clinical trials. Also, folic acid intake is associated with a decreased risk of esophageal atresia, conotruncal heart disease, cleft palate, urinary tract malformations, and omphalocele, reduces the incidence of some behavioral anomalies, in particular, hyperactivity, the need for planning a pregnancy.
Strategies and Therapies for Wound Healing: A Review
Authors: Chopra Hitesh , Kumar Sandeep , Singh Inderbir 
Published: April 2021

Abstract:
Wound healing is a complex and never-ending process that involves numerous mediators,
enzymatic cascades that are directly or indirectly involved in the mechanism. So, it becomes
necessary to closely examine critical factors such as gaseous exchange, a moist environment, anti-
microbial activity, and exudation liquids' absorption while designing wound dressings. There is a
heap of wound dressings available for human use, but they all are way apart from the ideal dressing.
The use of biopolymers may be a solution to tackle the difficulties such as combining with
growth factors and cells that can trigger wound healing. This article reviews such therapies for
wound healing application.
Sustainable Public Transportation Evaluation using a Novel Hybrid Method Based on Fuzzy BWM and MABAC
Authors: Keshavarz-Ghorabaee Mehdi , Amiri Maghsoud , Hashemi-Tabatabaei Mohammad , Ghahremanloo Mohammad 
Published: April 2021

Background:
The transportation sector has wide-ranging effects on the human societies. Public transportation has a key and undeniable role in the lives of people in society and affects important aspects such as economic, social, cultural and environmental. Therefore, assessing the sustainability of public transportation in urban areas can be considered as a challenge for transportation policy makers.

Methods:
In this study, a novel hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method is proposed to evaluate sustainable public transportation in Tehran. Evaluation criteria have been identified using the literature and experts’ opinion. The proposed method integrates the fuzzy best-worst method (FBWM) and the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) method. a group of three experts determined the weight and importance of each criterion using FBWM. The MABAC method was then used to rank sustainable public transport alternatives.

Results:
The results indicate the reliability of the proposed method. Also, we can see that the results are congruent with the actual conditions of public transportation. The studied alternatives have been evaluated, and according to the decision criteria, metro and e-hailing have been the most sustainable alternatives. It is noteworthy that the economic and financial sustainability, service availability and environment sustainability have been the most important criteria.

Conclusion:
The proposed framework in this study can be used by public transportation planners and policy makers to identify sustainable options in order to consider facilities and implement incentive policies in this field. Also, the results of the proposed method used in this study can be used as a suitable guidance to assess the sustainability of public transportation.
Automatically Diagnosing Disk Bulge and Disk Herniation With Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Images by Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks: Method Development Study
Authors: Pan Qiong , Zhang Kai , He Lin , Dong Zhou , Zhang Lei , Wu Xiaohang , Wu Yi , Gao Yanjun 
Published: April 2021

Background
Disk herniation and disk bulge are two common disorders of lumbar intervertebral disks (IVDs) that often result in numbness, pain in the lower limbs, and lower back pain. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is one of the most efficient techniques for detecting lumbar diseases and is widely used for making clinical diagnoses at hospitals. However, there is a lack of efficient tools for effectively interpreting massive amounts of MR images to meet the requirements of many radiologists.

Objective
The aim of this study was to present an automatic system for diagnosing disk bulge and herniation that saves time and can effectively and significantly reduce the workload of radiologists.

Methods
The diagnosis of lumbar vertebral disorders is highly dependent on medical images. Therefore, we chose the two most common diseases—disk bulge and herniation—as research subjects. This study is mainly about identifying the position of IVDs (lumbar vertebra [L] 1 to L2, L2-L3, L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5 to sacral vertebra [S] 1) by analyzing the geometrical relationship between sagittal and axial images and classifying axial lumbar disk MR images via deep convolutional neural networks.

Results
This system involved 4 steps. In the first step, it automatically located vertebral bodies (including the L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and S1) in sagittal images by using the faster region-based convolutional neural network, and our fourfold cross-validation showed 100% accuracy. In the second step, it spontaneously identified the corresponding disk in each axial lumbar disk MR image with 100% accuracy. In the third step, the accuracy for automatically locating the intervertebral disk region of interest in axial MR images was 100%. In the fourth step, the 3-class classification (normal disk, disk bulge, and disk herniation) accuracies for the L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 IVDs were 92.7%, 84.4%, 92.1%, 90.4%, and 84.2%, respectively.

Conclusions
The automatic diagnosis system was successfully built, and it could classify images of normal disks, disk bulge, and disk herniation. This system provided a web-based test for interpreting lumbar disk MR images that could significantly improve diagnostic efficiency and standardized diagnosis reports. This system can also be used to detect other lumbar abnormalities and cervical spondylosis.