bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soliton solutions to a (2+1)-dimensional nonlocal NLS equation
Authors: Huang Qiaofeng , Ruan Chenzhi , Huang Jiaxing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, applying the Hirota’s bilinear method and the KP hierarchy reduction method, we obtain the general soliton solutions in the forms of N × N Gram-type determinants to a (2+1)-dimensional non-local nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time reversal under zero and nonzero boundary conditions. The general bright soliton solutions with zero boundary condition are derived via the tau functions of two-component KP hierarchy. Under nonzero boundary condition, we first construct general soliton solutions on periodic back-ground, when N is odd. Furthermore, we discuss typical dynamics of solutions analytically, and graphically.
Diversity and distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria and its ecological effect in Shimen Realgar Mine
Authors: Zhu Xianbin , Chen Liyuan , Pan Hongzhong , Wang Lei , Zhang Xun , Wang Dan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Microbial sulfate reduction, a vital mechanism for microorganisms living in anaerobic, sulfate-rich environments, is an essential aspect of the sulfur biogeochemical cycle. However, there has been no detailed investigation of the diversity and distribution of SRBs and its effect in Shimen Realgar Mine, which is characterized as a hot research area rich in sulfate. To elucidate this issue, soils sample from Shimen Realgar Mine were collected. Further, a total of 55 new or new-type dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes and 5 new families of DrsAB proteins were successfully identified, which demonstrate the rich and unique diversity of the sulfate reducing microbes in this environment. We also isolate a novel DSRP strain, Desulfotomaculum sp. JL90 from the soils, which can efficiently respiratory reduces sulfate and arsenate. JL90 also can promote the generation of yellow precipitations in the presence of multiple electron acceptors (both contain sulfate and As(V) in the cultures). Moreover, microbial community compositions also indicated the biogenesis contribution of SRBs to the Shimen realgar mine. The results of this study provided a new insight into the diversity and distribution of SRBs and its ecological effect in Shimen Realgar Mine.
Nanobiotechnology: advances in the use of nanomaterials to increase CO2 biofixation by microalgae
Authors: Morais Michele Greque , Vargas Bruna Pereira , Vaz Bruna Silva , Cardias Bruna Barcelos , Costa Jorge Alberto Vieira 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Microalgae through photosynthesis can convert atmospheric CO2 into biomass to produce biofuels and high value-added bioproducts. the improvement of the cultivation systems helps in the conversion of gases into biomass and, consequently, increase microalgal productivity. Recently, studies involving the technology of physical adsorption with nanomaterials have shown promising results in increasing the CO2 biofixation by microalgae. Polymeric nanoparticles produced by the electrospraying technique stand out as potential adsorbent materials for CO2 capture due to the high surface area per unit volume formed by many active sites that increase the gas adsorption capacity in a liquid medium. The interactions between plant cells and nanomaterials have been revealed the potential of nanobiotechnology to reduce environmental pollution and contribute to sustainability. Moreover, the development of these methodologies can contribute to the viability of large-scale microalgae cultivations for CO2 mitigation. Based on this, the objective of this review is to address the advances of nanobiotechnology to increase CO2 biofixation by microalgae. The potential of adsorbent nanoparticles developed by the electrospraying technique and the key points for applying it for this purpose are also discussed.
Anticholinergic drugs and forebrain MRI changes in cognitively normal and mildly impaired people
Authors: Meng Dewen , Mohammadi-Nejad Ali-Reza , Sotiropoulos Stamatios N. , Auer Dorothee P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Anticholinergic (AC) medication use is associated with cognitive decline and dementia, which may be related to an AC induced central hypocholinergic state, but the exact mechanisms remain to be understood. We aimed to further elucidate the putative link between AC drug prescription, cognition and structural and functional impairment of the forebrain cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM).
Methods

Cognitively normal (CN, n = 344) and mild cognitively impaired (MCI, n = 224) ADNI-3 participants who had undergone 3T-MRI were included. Structural (regional grey matter [GM] density) and functional NBM integrity (functional connectivity [FC]) were compared between those on anticholinergic medication for over one year (AC+) and those without (AC−) in each condition. AC burden was classes as mild, moderate or severe.
Results
31% of participants were AC+ (≥ 1 mild AC drug) demonstrating lower NBM-GM density in CN (CNAC−: 0.6 ± 0.03; CNAC+: 0.6 ± 0.02; P < 0.001), and MCI subgroups (MCIAC−: 0.6 ± 0.03; MCIAC+: 0.6 ± 0.03; P < 0.001), but with a larger effect size in MCI. NBM-FC was lower in CNAC+ vs. CNAC− (3.6 ± 0.5 vs. 3.9 ± 0.6; P = 0.001), and in MCI (MCIAC+ 3.3 ± 0.2 vs. vs. MCIAC− 3.7 ± 0.5; P < 0.001) again with larger effect size in MCI. NBM-FC partially mediated the association between AC medication burden and cognition.
Conclusions

Our findings provide novel support for a detrimental effect of mild AC medication on the forebrain cholinergic system characterised as functional central hypocholinergic that partially mediated AC-related cognitive impairment. Moreover, structural tissue damage suggests neurodegeneration, and larger effect sizes in MCI point to enhanced susceptibility for AC medication in those at risk of dementia.
Exploring the Electronic, Optical, and Bioactive Properties for New Modified Fullerenes via Molecular Modeling
Authors: El-Mansy Mohamed A.M. , Bayoumy Ahmed M. , Elhaes Hanan , IBRAHIM Medhat 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Pristine fullerene characters are highly influenced upon surface decoration by COOH, NH2, and Li sets. The electronic, vibrational, and optical properties of pristine and modified fullerenes are well tested using DFT. QSAR descriptors are fulfilled via PM6 interface for proposed fullerenes. Results showed that C60-2Li may compete recent kesterite Cu2ZnGeSe4 solar cell which have band gap range as 1.5∼1.7 eV and efficiency > 14%. The C60-2Li may represent a new row of highly efficient fabricated solar cells. MESP contours found that additive Li possesses a blue shift in Fullerene electronegative behavior towards electrophilic additions whereas additive COOH and NH2 maintain the original nucleophilic additions. Based upon QSAR values, C60-2NH2 is acknowledged as potential bioactive substrate for drug delivery. This paves the way towed multidisciplinary application of the studied fullerene system.
Two Faces of Arbutine in Hepatocelluler Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells: Anticarcinogenic Effect in LD50 Dose and Protective Effect Against Cisplatin Toxication Through its Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity in LD0 Dose&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Hazman Ömer , Evin Hatice , Bozkurt Mehmet Fatih , Ciğerci İbrahim Hakkı 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Arbutine is one of the active substances used as a skin whitening agent in cosmetic products. Possible effects of arbutine on hepatocelluler carcinoma (HepG2) cells and cisplatin toxication in HepG2 cells were investigated in this study. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and proliferation levels were determined in experimental groups established for the purpose above. It was determined that when low dose of α-arbutine (in LD0 dose) was administered to HepG2 cells alone, it had no genotoxic and cytotoxic effects and no effects on inflammation, apoptosis and proliferation. However, when low dose of arbutine was used with cisplatin, it was observed that oxidative stress, inflammation, and genotoxicity levels increased as a result of cisplatin toxicity, but caspase 3 levels were not affected by this situation. As a result of high dose (in LD50 dose) of α-arbutine administration to HepG2 cells, it was determined that it would have anticarcinogenic effects by increasing oxidative stress, genotoxicity, inflammation and apoptosis and by suppressing proliferation. In the presented study it was determined that as well as α-arbutine had an anticarcinogenic effect on HepG2 cells in high doses, it might be protective to reduce the side effects caused by low dose (LD0 dose) of cisplatin treatment. In addition, it was concluded that α/β-arbutine-including cosmetic products were safe for cancer patients because α/β-arbutine had no effect on proliferation in HepG2 cells. In order to present the activity of arbutine isoforms more clearly it is recommended that studies should be conducted using healthy and different cell lines.
Pt doped boron carbide monolayer nanosheet as a work function-type sensor for ibuprofen drug; quantum chemical study
Authors: Wu liang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Through density functional theory (DFT), the sensitivity of the Pt-doped and the pristine BC3 nanosheets to ibuprofen (IBP) was scrutinized. The IBP drug does not impact the electronic properties evaluated for the pristine BC3. However, its sensitivity and reactivity are increased to the IBP drug to a great extent after doping it by Pt. Unlike the pristine BC3, the adsorption of the IBP drug decreases the HOMO-LUMO gap associated with the Pt-doped BC3 sheet from 1.29 to 1.04 eV, which improves the electrical conductivity. In addition, the adsorption of the IBP drug will mainly impact the work function of the Pt-doped BC3 sheet, which in turn modifies the electron emission current from its sheet. This verifies that the Pt-doped BC3 sheet can be utilized as a work-function-type sensor to detect the IBP drug. For desorption of the IBP drug, the recovery time of the Pt-BC3 nanosheet is short, i.e., 5.65 ms, which is another advantage of this sheet.
Identification of Novel Biomarkers for Metabolic Syndrome Based on Machine Learning Algorithms and Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Liu Guanzhi , Chen Chen , Kong Ning , Lei Yutian , Luo Sen , Huang Zhuo , Wang Kunzheng , Yang Pei , Huang Xin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome is a common and complicated metabolic disorder and defined as a clustering of metabolic risk factors such as insulin resistance or diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. However, its early diagnosis is limited because the lack of definitive clinical diagnostic biomarkers. In present study, we aim to select several candidate gene as a blood-based clinically applicable transcriptomics signature for metabolic syndrome. Method: We collected so far the largest MetS-associated peripheral blood high-throughput transcriptomics data and put forward a novel feature selection strategy by combining weighted gene co-expression network analysis, protein-protein interaction network analysis, LASSO regression and random forest approaches. Then, based on selected hub gene signature, we performed logistic regression analysis and subsequently established a web nomogram calculator for metabolic syndrome risk to detect the diagnostic value of this hub gene signature. Finally, Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis, calibration curve analysis, Hosmer-Lemeshow good of fit test and decision curve analysis showed the classification and calibration performance as well as potential clinical benefit of this hub gene signature. Results: Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, protein-protein interaction network analysis, we identified 2 gene modules and 51 hub genes associated with metabolic syndrome. Then, we subsequently performed further feature selection via LASSO regression and random forest method. Finally, a 9-hub-gene signature with high diagnostic value and a web nomogram calculator for metabolic syndrome risk (https://xjtulgz.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp/) were developed. This 9-hub-gene signature showed excellent classification and calibration performance (AUC= 0.968 in training set, AUC= 0.883 in internal validation set, AUC= 0.861 in external validation set) as well as ideal potential clinical benefit. Conclusions: The blood-based 9-hub-gene signature identified in present study and the web nomogram calculator for metabolic syndrome risk are possible to accurately achieve the noninvasive screening or diagnosis of MetS considering the excellent classification ability, calibration and potential clinical benefits.
Determinants of Material Footprint in BRICS Countries: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Sahoo Malayaranjan , Saini Seema , Villanthenkodath Muhammed Ashiq 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between renewable energy consumption, urbanization, human capital, trade, natural resources, and material footprint for BRICS countries from 1990 to 2016. We apply the cross-sectional dependency test to check the correlation among the cross-section. Then, we use the second-generation panel test like CADF and CIPS to check the stationary in the series. After that, we go for the panel cointegration test, i.e., Pedroni and Westerlund panel cointegration, to know the long-run relationship of the variable. The test results reject the null hypothesis of no cointegration among the variables and accept cointegration. The long-run results indicate that economic growth, natural resources, renewable energy, and urbanization have reduced the environmental quality for BRICS countries in case of material footprint employed to measure environmental degradation. However, foreign trade, human capital improves environmental quality. Based on the empirical results, the study recommended some important policy suggestions to achieve sustainable development in BRICS countries.
Lymphocyte Subsets Analysis in Evaluating Prognosis of HIV Negative Patients with Pneumocystis Pneumonia
Authors: Jin Fan , Xie Jing , Wang Huan-ling 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives We analyzed the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative patients infected with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), aimed to find out the relationship between the levels of different types of lymphocytes with the prognosis of patients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed HIV negative patients with PCP diagnosed in our department, all the eligible patients underwent lymphocyte subsets analysis on admission. Results A total of 88 HIV negative PCP patients were enrolled in the study. In univariate analyses, low CD4+ T cell count, low CD8+ T cell count, and low natural killer cell (NK cell) count were associated with in-hospital mortality. CD8+ T cell count≤300/μL was found to be an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in multivariate logistical regression analysis (p=0.015, OR=11.526, 95%CI=1.597-83.158). Although low CD4+ T cell and NK cell counts were not independent risk factors, the mortality rates of PCP patients decreased sequentially with the increased levels of CD4+ T cell and NK cell counts. Conclusion The immunity process of Pneumocystis jirovecii infection is complex and crucial. We proposed that lymphocyte subsets give clinicians better understandings of patients 3 immune status, early identification of potential lethal patients and decision making, such as adjusting immunosuppressive regimen and choosing appropriate patient monitoring level.
Enhanced electrochemical performance of RuO2 doped LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode material for Lithium-ion battery
Authors: Kalaiselvi K. , Premlatha S. , Raju M. , Guruvaiah Paruthimal Kalaignan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 as a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries was synthesized by a sol-gel method using nitrate precursor calcined at 800°C for 10 hours. The crystallite nature of samples is confirmed from X-ray diffraction analysis. SEM and TEM analyses were used to investigate the surface morphology of the prepared samples. It was found that, highly crystalline polyhedral RuO2 nanoparticles are well doped on the surface of pristine LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 with a size of about approximately 200 nm. The chemical composition of the prepared samples was characterized by EDX and XPS analyses. The electrochemical performance of the proposed material was studied by cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge analyses. The electrode kinetics of the samples was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The developed RuO2 doping may provide an effective strategy to design and synthesize the advanced electrode materials for lithium ion batteries. The doping strategy has dramatically increased the capacity retention from 74 % to 90% with a high discharge capacity of 251.2 mAhg− 1. 3 % RuO2-doped LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode materials have showed the similar characteristics of two potential plateaus obtained at 2.8 and 4.2 V compared with un doped electrode cathode material. These results revealed the enhanced performance of RuO2- doped LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 during insertion and extraction of lithium ions compared to pristine material.
Integrated single-cell analysis unveils diverging immune features of COVID-19, influenza and other community-acquired pneumonia.
Authors: Schuurman Alex , Reijnders Tom , Saris Anno , Ramirez-Moral Ivan , Schinkel Michiel , Brabander Justin de , Linge Christine van , Vermeulen Louis , Scicluna Brendon , Wiersinga Willem , Braga Felipe A. Vieira , Poll Tom van der 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The exact immunopathophysiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) remains clouded by methodological heterogeneity and a lack of relevant disease controls. The absence of single-cell investigations in the broader population of patients with CAP renders it difficult to distinguish immune features unique to COVID-19 from the common characteristics of a dysregulated host response to pneumonia. We performed integrated single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic analyses in PBMCs from a matched cohort of eight patients with COVID-19, eight patients with CAP caused by Influenza A or other pathogens, and four non-infectious control subjects. Using this balanced, multi-omics approach we describe shared and diverging transcriptional and phenotypic patterns – including increased levels of type I interferon stimulated NK cells in COVID-19, cytotoxic CD8 T EMRA cells in both COVID-19 and influenza, and distinctive monocyte compositions between all groups – and thereby expand our understanding of the peripheral immune response in different etiologies of pneumonia.
Deformation Mechanism of Deposit Landslide Induced by Fluctuations of Reservoir Water Level Based on Physical Model Tests
Authors: Jiang Zihua , Wang Huanling , Xie Weichau 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Located in reservoir area of Dahuaqiao Hydropower Station in Lancang River, the Dahua ancient deposit landslide exhibits high possibility of reactivation due to reservoir impoundment. In this study, physical model tests are conducted to investigate the variations of groundwater, deformation, and failure process of the landslide under different fluctuation speeds of reservoir water level. Influence of groundwater on landslide stability when reservoir water level fluctuating is analyzed then. Results indicate that the seepage pressure caused by water level difference can increase landslide displacement. During the dropping process of reservoir water level, the relationship between landslide displacement and water level difference can be described by a power function model. Groundwater has negative effects on stability of landslides, and the damage is characterized by traction landslide. More attentions should be paid on the displacement of the front edge of the landslide during the first rise and drop of reservoir water level. The study provides indispensable information for scheduling reservoir water level in the Dahuaqiao and others similar reservoir areas, thus having vital importance.
Improved Overall Survival and Decreased Metastasis With Adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil and Platinum Chemotherapy After Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for N3 Nasopharyngeal Cancer: A Registry-Based Analysis
Authors: Tsai Mu-Hung , Wu Shang-Yin , Yu Tsung , Tsai Sen-Tien , Wu Yuan-Hua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the established treatment for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, there is no evidence supporting routine adjuvant chemotherapy. We aimed to demonstrate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival and distant metastasis in high-risk N3 NPC patients.
Materials and methods

We linked the Taiwan Cancer Registry and Cause of Death database to obtain data. Clinical N3 NPC patients were divided as those receiving definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with adjuvant 5-fluorouracil and platinum (PF) chemotherapy and those receiving no chemotherapy after CCRT. Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. We compared overall survival, disease-free survival, local control, and distant metastasis in both groups using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.
Results

We included 431 patients (152 and 279 patients in the adjuvant PF and observation groups, respectively). Median follow-up was 4.3 years. The 5-year overall survival were 69.1% and 57.4% in the adjuvant PF chemotherapy and observation groups, respectively (p = 0.02). Adjuvant PF chemotherapy was associated with a lower risk of death (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43–0.84; p = 0.003), even after adjusting for baseline prognostic factors (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.43–0.86; p = 0.005). Distant metastasis-free survival at 12 months was higher in the adjuvant PF chemotherapy group than in the observation group (98% vs 84.8%; p < 0.001). After adjusting for baseline prognostic factors, adjuvant PF chemotherapy was associated with freedom from distant metastasis (HR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.02–0.46; p = 0.003).
Conclusion

Prospective evaluation of adjuvant PF chemotherapy in N3 NPC patients treated with definitive CCRT is warranted because adjuvant PF chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival and decreased risk of distant metastasis.
Interfacial Properties of [Pt/Co/Pt] Trilayers Probed Through Magnetometry
Authors: Won Young Chan , Lim Sang Ho 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The magnetic and interface properties of [Pt/Co/Pt] were investigated. First, the magnetic properties were determined from the magnetic dead layer plots, in which the Co layer was considered as two distinct parts representing different magnetic properties. The two parts with low and high tCo ranges are close to and away from the top interface (Co/Pt), respectively. The part close to the top interface shows a smaller magnetization (M) value and nonlinear behavior. However, the other part shows a higher M value closer to the bulk value and a linear behavior. The nonlinear behavior of the M values of the low tCo range was converted to an impurity level using simple assumptions. The results showed the effect of the top Pt layer on the magnetic properties of the Co layer. The results clearly demonstrate that magnetometry could be utilized as a means to understand the interface quality of magnetic multilayer systems