bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Thyroidal EDCs Activities Using Approved Human Cell-Based Transactivation Assay
Authors: Seo Hyeyeong , Lee Seok-Hee , Byrd Nick , Willett Catherine , Lee Hee-Seok , Park Yooheon 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interfere with physiological function by mimicking or blocking hormones; these chemicals enter the human body through various materials used in food packaging, among other routes. Thyroid hormones (THs) are very important hormones that control various basic physiological functions. In a previous study, we developed a TH agonist transactivation (TA) assay based on the A549 cell line. However, the assay using A549 showed some limitations since it required 4 days to yield results and showed low sensitivity to the natural form of human triiodothyronine (T3). Therefore, in this study, we have developed a more sensitive TH TA assay based on a HeLa cell line to screen potential TH agonists. We evaluated the TH agonist activity of 17 chemicals, 5 of which showed TH agonist activity. In conclusion, in comparison with the previously developed TA assay, the assay using HeLa cells provided greater accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, yielding more detailed results for TH agonist chemicals in less time.
One Health in The Brazilian Western Amazon: Helminths in Native Fish and The Food Change of The Puruborá People
Authors: Figueiredo Mayra Araguaia Pereira , Montanha Gisele Oliveira , Manrique Wilson Gómez 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The aim was to approach an analysis of fish parasites in the Manoel Correia and Caio Espínola Rivers, which border the Aldeia Aperoi, and the report of the Puruborá People on the use of fish as animal protein. Twenty-one fish were collected in the dry season and 15 in the rainy season, totaling 36 specimens, which dissipated cestodes, acanthocephala and nematodes encysted in the musculature, preventing their consumption. Six residents of Aldeia Aperoi were interviewed. The circulation of parasites with zoonotic potential was identified in fish native to the Manoel Correia and Caio Espínola rivers, which border the Aldeia Aperoi, in the Western Amazon of Brazil. It was verified the helplessness of the Puruborá people regarding their inquiries about the environmental imbalance, which causes the loss of fish diversity and, consequently, damage to their culture and their costumes.
Emergency Services Utilization in Jakarta (Indonesia): A Cross-Sectional Study of Patients Attending Hospital Emergency Departments
Authors: Brice Syaribah Noor , Boutilier Justin James , Gartner Daniel , Harper Paul , Knight Vincent , Lloyd Jen , Pusponegoro Aryono Djuned , Rini Asti Puspita , Turnbull-Ross Jonathan , Tuson Mark 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Pre-hospital and emergency services in Indonesia are still developing. Despite recent improvements in the Indonesian healthcare system, issues with the provision of pre-hospital and emergency services persist. The demand for pre-hospital and emergency services has not been the subject of previous research and, therefore, has not been fully understood. Our research explored the characteristics of patients attending hospital emergency departments in Jakarta, Indonesia.
Methods

The study used a cross-sectional survey design involving five general hospitals (four government-funded and one private). The patients’ demographic profile, medical conditions, time to treatment based on different medical conditions, and methods of transport to reach the hospitals were analysed using descriptive statistics. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare groups and the result was considered significant if the p-value < 0.05.
Results

A total of 1,964 patients was surveyed. The median age of patients was 44 years with an interquartile range (IQR) of 26 to 58 years. IQR describes the range of the middle 50% of values in the data when it is ordered from lowest to highest. Life-threatening conditions such as trauma and cardiovascular diseases were found in 8.6% and 6.6% of patients respectively, the general medical category accounted for 63%. The majority of patients with trauma travelled to the hospital using a motorcycle or car (59.8%). Ambulance was used by 9.3% of the patients, 38% of patients were not aware of the availability of ambulances. The median travel time by ambulances to the hospital was 42 minutes (IQR: 12 to 54 minutes). The median time to treatment for patients with cardiovascular disease was 102 minutes (IQR: 66 to 300 minutes).
Conclusion

Investing resources in pre-hospital and emergency services in Indonesia and in particular the provision of ambulance services, would create real benefits for the population and result in a significant reduction in deaths following heart disease and stroke.
Capital Expenditure and Operating Efficiency from Vertical Integration in the Global Semiconductor Industry
Authors: Qiao Guangshun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper uses a nonparametric production frontier approach to investigate the operating efficiency differences by the impacts of business model and capital expenditure in the global semiconductor industry. Handling the impact of capital expenditure as fixed input by the directional distance estimator, this study compares the operating efficiencies between the integrated device manufacturers and the fabless and foundry firms in the global semiconductor industry over 1999–2018. The estimation results indicate that vertically integrated manufacturers dominate the semiconductor industry, and the capital-intensive companies operate more efficiently than the asset-light fabless firms on average.
Acceptability And Feasibility of a Gamified Digital Eating Disorder Selective Prevention Program (AcceptME) Based On Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (ACT)
Authors: Nikolaou Patrisia , Merwin Rhonda M. , Karekla Maria 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Digital prevention programs for a variety of psychological conditions, including eating disorders (EDs) are increasing. Yet, none to date have leveraged gamification and vicarious learning components grounded in empirically-supported therapeutic approaches to engage young people at risk for developing EDs in behavior change. The current paper describes the development and preliminary acceptability and feasibility testing of AcceptME, a novel self-directed, gamified digital ED selective prevention program based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). AcceptME helps women and girls identified at risk for an ED relate differently to their thoughts and feelings, such that these experiences do not have undue influence over their behavior and actions can instead be guided by personal values. Methods: Users learned skills of psychological flexibility by helping a third-person avatar (a main character in a storyline) navigate situations that elicit distressing thoughts/feelings, and via interactive exercises, practiced applying these skills to their own experiences. Young women and girls in the Republic of Cyprus with high weight concern scores (N=58, Mage=15.27, SD=2.25) completed six 30-minute digital sessions and reported on session and intervention acceptability.Results: Attrition was 35.42%. The majority of participants were either “Very” (40%) or “Mostly” (57%) Satisfied with the program. Fifty-two percent reported that the program “Helped a lot,” and 48% said it “Helped a bit.” Conclusion: Digital technology and gamification have advantages for engagement and delivery. The current study suggests a promising direction for early ED interventions to reach at risk youth and preliminary data to guide development.
Preparation and characterization of highly blue emitting fluorescent carbon nano-dots using Pongammia pinnata fresh leaves
Authors: K Govindaraju , Anand K. Vijai , Muthamilselvan S. , Kannan M. , Elanchezhiyan M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, a simple environmental benign approach have been adopted for the preparation of highly luminescent (blue emitting) water soluble carbon nano-dots using Pongammia pinnata (Pp) leaves via hydrothermal technique. The prepared Pp-carbon nano- dots were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. The Pp-carbon nano-dots are spherical in shape with an average size of 32 nm.
A High-Throughput Screening Method for Endophytic Bacteria With Antagonistic Activity Against Magnaporthe Oryzae in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Seeds
Authors: Wang Zhishan , Wu Xianyu , Li Ni , Wang Weiping , Liu Yang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Screening for microorganisms with antagonistic activity against pathogens in crops is of great significance for the preparation of microbial antagonists, the control of crop diseases, and the sustainable development of agriculture. Through the experiment, a rapid, efficient, and one-step high-throughput method for screening endophytic bacteria with antagonistic activity against Magnaporthe oryzae in rice seeds was successfully established, and the experimental results showed that the endophytic bacteria with antagonistic activity of Magnaporthe oryzae ACCC 36020 could be directly screened from six groups of experimental samples by this method. The establishment of this method can achieve simultaneous screening and purification, one-step high-throughput screening of antagonistic bacteria in rice seeds, and greatly save time.
Changes in Cross-sectional Areas of Posterior Extensor Muscles in Thoracic Spine: A 10-year Longitudinal MRI Study
Authors: Umezawa Hitoshi , Daimon Kenshi , Fujiwara Hirokazu , Nishiwaki Yuji , Michikawa Takehiro , Okada Eijiro , Nojiri Kenya , Watanabe Masahiko , Katoh Hiroyuki , Shimizu Kentaro , Ishihama Hiroko , Fujita Nobuyuki , Tsuji Takashi , Nakamura Masaya , Matsumoto Morio , Watanabe Kota 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to examine changes in the cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of posterior extensor muscles in the thoracic spine over 10 years and identify related factors. The subjects of this study were 85 volunteers (mean age: 44.8 ± 11.5) and the average follow-up period was about 10 years. The CSAs of the transversospinalis muscles, erector spinae muscles, and total CSAs of the extensor muscles from T1/2 to T11/12 were measured on MRI. The extent of muscle fat infiltration was assessed by the signal intensity (luminance) of the extensor muscles’ total cross section compared to a section of pure muscle. Associations of age, sex, body mass index, lifestyle, back pain, neck pain, neck stiffness, and intervertebral disc degeneration with the 10-year CSAs changes and muscle fat infiltration were examined by Poisson regression analysis. The mean CSAs of all index muscles increased significantly. Exercise habit was associated with increased CSAs of the erector spinae muscles and the total area of the extensor muscles. The cross-section mean luminance increased significantly from baseline, indicating a significant increase of fat infiltration in the posterior extensor muscles. Progression of disc degeneration was negatively associated with the increase of fat infiltration in the total extensor muscles.
A vicious cycle of helminth infections: Current sanitation status and practices that led to continued STH transmission in rural communities in the Philippines
Authors: Lorenzo Pauline Joy , Berte Charmaine Joy , Cortel Dazzle Kane , Manzanilla Duane Raphael , Luna Christian Anthony , Luchavez Jennifer , Palasi Winston 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHelminth infections among children remains a public health concern despite continued deworming activities conducted in all public schools nationwide. Access to improved sanitation facilities not only leads to continued practice of open defecation predispose children to this intestinal parasitic infection. This study aim to characterize the sanitation situation and practices among households as well as their deworming practices and associate it with the prevalence in two rural communities in San Pascual, Masbate, Philippines. MethodsA survey of 234 randomly selected households from the two barangays was conducted followed by stool screening using Kato-Katz method from 586 children and adolescents below 18 years old was done in June 2019. ResultsThe survey showed that 33.28% of households do not have access to sanitary toilet and open defecation was practiced by 53.92% of surveyed households. More than half of the households (60.75%) surveyed also reported “poso” as their source of drinking water. The survey also revealed that households have high scores in the knowledge, attitude, and practices or KAP section of the survey. The over-all cumulative prevalence rate was at 41.6% moderate to light intensity infection rate. ConclusionAmong the variables tested, only the source of drinking water, attitude scores, and MDA participation showed association with having helminth infection among children. The study highlights the importance of advocating multi-sectoral approach in addressing persistent public health issues like the intestinal parasitic infections among children. Moreover, this study provides valuable information needed to support strategies like community-led total sanitation or CLTS as a potential strategy addressing both sanitation and public health dilemma.
A Novel Integration between Service Oriented IoT based Monitoring with Open Architecture of CNC System Monitoring
Authors: AHMAD MAZNAH BINTI ILIYAS , Yusof Yusri , Mustapa Mohammad Sukri , Daud Md Elias , Latif Kamran , Kadir Aini Zuhra Abdul , Saif Yazid , Adam Anbia , Hatem Noor 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Smart factories are focusing on bridging the gap between physical to cyber-physical systems through software applications. This article proposed an efficient and sufficient data acquisition, storing and processing real-time monitoring information, response, and feedback in milling process monitoring. A methodology to enable integration between service oriented IoT based monitoring with interpreted information for open Architecture CNC system was presented. The proposed system comprises four main layers: the perception layer, communication layer, application layer, and CNC machine. The developed system was validated through two case studies. First, the developed system successfully enabled data flow through the validation, from CNC machine back to CNC machine. Secondly, the reading of temperature, vibration and electric current monitoring is higher for the worn cutting tool than the new cutting tool. Third, the percentage difference between new and worn cutting tools for temperature monitoring is up to 3.38 %, and for vibration monitoring, it is up to 78.93 %. Fourth, the electric current reading is proportional to cutting force as the reading of electric current on cutting insert is higher than reading before cutting tool insert with percentage differences more than 8.33% up to 20%. Based on the findings, it was summarized that the developed integrated monitoring system is feasible enough based on the performance and highly sensitive to any changes that occurred during the machining process, specifically on the cutting tool condition. In the future, this integrated monitoring system could be applied to other Open CNC machine-based plug and play.
The Establishment of Prediction Model for Soil Liquefaction Based on the Seismic Energy Using the Neural Network
Authors: zhang yan , chu wenhui , Ahmad Mahmood 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the development of the prediction model for soil liquefaction, compared to the stress-based method, the energy-based methods proposed and developed in recent years are closer to the essence of soil liquefaction which is about the energy dissipation. Therefore, considering the weak nonlinear relationship found by the previous research, the fuzzy neural network (FNN) and BP neural network (BPNN) were adopted to try to obtain a prediction model which is the most proper to this nonlinear relationship. Firstly, the database including 284 cases obtained from laboratory test was divided into three separate groups denoted as training, validation set and testing sets by the ratio of 5:1:1; then, the FNN model and BPNN model were iterated to determine the model parameter by referring to the variation of fitness value and relative error of validation set; at the same time, the optimization algorithm of genetic algorithm (GA) was adopted to BPNN to find the best coefficients; besides, the parameter of \({C}_{c}\) and \({D}_{50}\) was respectively excluded from the database to test their influence degree according to the prediction error; finally, 6 prediction results of FNN and genetic algorithm BP neural network (GABP) were compared with the previously proposed models. The results showed that the relationship of capacity energy to the influencing parameters could not be fitted as a fully linear relationship; the FNN model can learn the role of \({C}_{c}\) in affecting the capacity energy while the GABP model needs not to take it into account; the FNN and GABP model all fitted a good weakly nonlinear relationship for the capacity energy, and the GABP model is a better prediction model for capacity energy so far.
Health and Access to Healthcare in Homeless People: Protocol for a Mixed-methods Study
Authors: Pérez Miguel A. Bedmar , Bennasar-Veny Miquel , Lelong Berta Artigas , Mut Francisca Salvà , Bordoy Joan Pou , Capitán Laura , García-Toro Mauro , Yáñez Aina M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHomelessness is a more complex problem than the simple lack of a place to live. Homeless people (HP) often suffer from poor health and premature death due to their limited access healthcare, and are also deprived of basic human and social rights. The study protocol described here aims to evaluate the complex relationship between homelessness and health, and identify the barriers and facilitators that impact access to healthcare by HP.MethodsThis is a mixed-methods study that uses an explanatory sequential design. The first phase will consist of a cross-sectional study of 300 HP. Specific health questionnaires will be used to obtain information on health status, challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, self-reported use of healthcare, diagnoses and pharmacologic treatments, substance abuse (DAST-10), diet quality (IASE), depression (PHQ-9), and human basic needs and social support (SSQ-6). The second phase will be a qualitative study of HP using the “life story” technique with purposive sampling. We will determine the effects of different personal, family, and structural factors on the life and health status of participants. The interviews will be structured and defined using Nussbaum's capability approach. DiscussionIt is well-known that HP experience poor health and premature death, but more information is needed about the influence of the different specific social determinants of these outcomes and about the barriers and facilitators that affect the access of HP to healthcare. The results of this mixed methods study will help to develop global health strategies that improve the health and access to healthcare in HP.
Effect of Bovine Asprosin on Gluconeogenic Gene Expression and Glucose Production in Primary Bovine Hepatocytes
Authors: Lin Miao , Jiang Maocheng , Yang Tianyu , Ma Xiaoyu , Zhao Guoqi , zhan kang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn postpartum dairy cows, dry matter intake (DMI) was dramatically decreased, resulting in the decreased plasma glucose, a negative energy balance (NEB), and negative nutrient balance. Asprosin, which is a fasting-induced glucogenic protein hormone secreted by adipose tissue, promotes plasma glucose level. However, effect of asprosin on the hepatic glucose output in primary bovine hepatocytes and plasma asprosin level in postpartum dairy cows remain not reported. ResultsOur results demonstrated that fibrillin 1 (FBN1) showed much higher mRNA expression in mammary gland and adipose tissue compared with heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney. The recombinant bovine His-asprosin was not found in supernatant of E. coli lysate, but present in the inclusion bodies in E. coli. The bovine His-asprosin proteins were > 90 % pure by Coomassie Blue-stained SDS-PAGE gel analysis. Asprosin enhanced (P = 0.031) the mRNA expression of PCK2 in primary bovine hepatocyte compared with control group, and FBP1 tended (P = 0.086) to be upregulated in primary bovine hepatocyte treated by Asprosin. Remarkably, glucose output was increased (P = 0.03) in primary bovine hepatocytes exposed to asprosin than control group. In addition, Asprosin can promote PKA activity in primary bovine hepatocytes, but not AKT. Asprosin was observed to be present in bovine plasma at consistent nanomolar levels. The postpartum cows exhibited (P = 0.003) much higher level of circulating asprosin compared with mid-lactation dairy cows. ConclusionsThese findings indicate that asprosin should be further considered for use as a novel therapy strategy for NEB and negative nutrient balance in postpartum period.
Impact of Visceral Fat On The Prognosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Ogata Hiroaki , Mori Masahiro , Jingushi Yujiro , Matsuzaki Hiroshi , Katahira Katsuyuki , Ishimatsu Akiko , Enokizu-Ogawa Aimi , Taguchi Kazuhito , Moriwaki Atsushi , Yoshida Makoto 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Clarification of the risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity is strongly warranted for global health. Recent studies have indicated that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with unfavorable progression of COVID-19. This is assumed to be due to excessive deposition of visceral adipose tissue (VAT); however, the evidence investigating the association between intra-abdominal fat and COVID-19 prognosis is sparse. We therefore investigated whether measuring the amount of intra-abdominal fat is useful to predict the prognosis of COVID-19.
Methods
The present study enrolled 53 consecutive cases of COVID-19 patients aged ≥ 20 years with chest computed tomography (CT) scans. The VAT area, total adipose tissue (TAT) area, and VAT/TAT ratio were estimated using axial CT images at the level of the upper pole of the right kidney. Severe COVID-19 was defined as death or acute respiratory failure demanding oxygen at ≥ 6 liters per minute, a high-flow nasal cannula, or mechanical ventilation. The association of VAT/TAT with the incidence of progression to a severe state was estimated as a hazard ratio (HR) using Cox regression analysis. To compare the prediction ability for COVID-19 disease progression between BMI and VAT/TAT, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of each was assessed.
Results
A total of 15 cases (28.3% of the whole study subjects) progressed to severe stages. The incidence of developing severe COVID-19 increased significantly with VAT/TAT (HR per 1% increase = 1.040 (95% CI 1.008–1.074), P = 0.01). After adjustment for potential confounders, the positive association of VAT/TAT with COVID-19 aggravation remained significant (multivariable-adjusted HR = 1.055 (95% CI 1.000–1.112) per 1% increase, P = 0.049). The predictive ability of VAT/TAT for COVID-19 becoming severe was significantly better than that of BMI (AUC of 0.73 for VAT/TAT and 0.50 for BMI; P = 0.0495 for the difference).
Conclusions
A higher ratio of VAT/TAT was an independent risk factor for disease progression among COVID-19 patients. VAT/TAT was superior to BMI in predicting COVID-19 morbidity. COVID-19 patients with high VAT/TAT levels should be carefully observed as high-risk individuals for morbidity and mortality.