bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haploidentical donor transplant is associated with secondary poor graft function after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Lv Wei‐Ran , Zhou Ya , Xu Jun , Fan Zhi‐Ping , Huang Fen , Xu Na , Xuan Li , Shi Peng‐Cheng , Liu Hui , Wang Zhi‐Xiang , Sun Jing , Liu Qi‐Fa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSecondary poor graft function (sPGF) is a serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) related to poor outcome. We aimed to retrospectively evaluate the morbidity and hazard elements of sPGF after allo‐HSCT.MethodsEight hundred and sixty‐three patients who achieved initial engraftment of both neutrophils and platelets were retrospectively reviewed in this study.ResultsFifty‐two patients developed sPGF within 180 days post‐transplants, with the median onset time was 62 days (range, 34–121 days) post‐transplants. The overall cumulative incidence of sPGF within 180 days post‐transplantation was 6.0%, with 3.4%, 3.4%, and 10.1%, respectively, in matched sibling donor (MSD), matched unrelated donor (MUD), and haploidentical donor (HID) transplant (p < 0.0001). Multivariable analysis showed that HID (HID vs. MSD: hazard ratio [HR] 2.525, p = 0.004; HID vs. MUD: [HR] 3.531, p = 0.017), acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) within +30 days ([HR] 2.323, p = 0.003), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation ([HR] 8.915, p < 0.0001) within +30 days post‐transplants were hazard elements of sPGF. The patients with sPGF had poorer survival than good graft function (51.7±8.1% vs. 62.9±1.9%, p < 0.0001). Our results also showed that only CMV reactivation was the hazard element for the development of PGF in HID transplant ([HR] 12.521 p < 0.0001).ConclusionHID transplant is also an independent hazard element of sPGF except for aGVHD and CMV reactivation.
Fe2O3/NiMoO4 Heterostructured Microspheres as an Anode Material for Long‐Life and High‐Performance Lithium Storage
Authors: Li Haifeng , Yang Zhenglong , Jiang Wei , Wang Zhenhao , Fu Zhenyu , Xu Yanbin , Meng Yanfeng , Wang Mengyu , Sun Wenjuan , Zhao Deyang , Wang Feng , Jiang Ziqiao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFe2O3/NiMoO4 heterostructured microspheres were prepared by a two‐step hydrothermal method followed by calcination. The Fe2O3 component in the composite is evolved from FeMoO4, which inherits the advantage of high capacity of FeMoO4. The heterogeneous structure of the microspheres can enlarge the contact area between the active material and electrolyte so as to reduce the charge transfer resistance. When applied to the anode of lithium‐ion battery, the material shows distinguished lithium storage performance and mechanical robustness, benefiting from the high capacity of Fe2O3 and good stability of NiMoO4. Moreover, the voids on the surface of the material effectively buffer the volume effect during the repeated cycling. The specific capacity of the composite can reach 1063 mA h g−1 and 584 mA h g−1 after 460 and 420 cycles at 300 mA g−1 and 2 A g−1, respectively. The improvement of the electrochemical performance is attributed to the unique structural characteristics and synergistic effect of its heterogeneous phases.
Altmarktgarten – Verwaltungsgebäude mit integriertem Dachgewächshaus, Oberhausen
Authors: Haas Friedhelm 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAuf dem fünfgeschossigen Jobcenter der Stadt Oberhausen bildet ein öffentliches Forschungsgewächshaus den Dachabschluss. Diese Glassatteldächer, mitten im Zentrum am Altmarkt, werden für die Stadt Oberhausen ein neues politisches, technisches wie architektonisches Statement in der aktuellen Debatte. Das Dachgewächshaus ist durch ein begrüntes Stahlgerüst, welches vom Altmarkt aus angebunden ist, öffentlich zugänglich. Die drei Bereiche Verwaltungsbau, Gewächshaus und vertikaler Garten sind in ihrer Gliederung aufeinander bezogen. Die vertikale Struktur der Gewächshausfassade wird im Rankgerüst des vertikalen Gartens fortgesetzt und findet sich auch in den Fenstern des Verwaltungsbaus wieder.Altmarktgarten – administration building with integrated roof greenhouse, Oberhausen. A research greenhouse has been built on top of the five‐storied administrative building in Oberhausen. It is accessible to the public from the greened steel scaffolding (the vertical garden) that connects the rooftop greenhouse with the Altmarkt square on ground level. The administrative building, its rooftop greenhouse and the vertical garden are linked in their structure. The vertical structure of the facade of the greenhouse expands into the vertical garden and can also be found in the window partition of the administrative building.
Bauen mit Glas – Tageslicht effizient nutzen
Authors: Elstner Michael , Pauk Daniel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBauen mit Glas bedeutet Bauen mit Licht. In diesem Aufsatz sollen die Grundlagen zu Strahlung, zu Tageslicht sowie zur melanopischen Lichtwirkung auf den Menschen und deren quantitative Bewertung in seinen Ausgangspunkten beschrieben werden. Es werden darüber hinaus die wesentlichen strahlungsphysikalischen sowie lichttechnischen Kennwerte zum Baustoff Glas erläutert. Ebenso beschrieben werden die grundsätzlichen Funktionen von Glasbeschichtungen sowie deren Auswirkung auf die Qualität von Licht. Neben diesen Grundlagen wird die Verfügbarkeit von Tageslicht in Gebäuden beschrieben sowie ein Einblick in die neue europäische Tageslichtnorm DIN EN 17037 gegeben.Building with glass – using daylight efficiently. Building with glass means building with light. This paper aims to describe the principles of radiation, of daylight and of melanopic light effects – the biological effect of light on human beings – and their quantitative evaluation. Furthermore, the essential solar and luminous characteristics of glass as a building material are explained. The paper also describes the basic functions of glass coatings and their effect on the quality of light. In addition to these principles, a description is given of the availability of daylight inside buildings as well as a preview of and insight into the new European daylight standard DIN EN 17037.
Festigkeit 3D‐gedruckter Fassadenelemente
Authors: Heyder Frank , Paulu Franziska 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDurch additive Fertigungsverfahren rücken technische Kunststoffe jetzt wieder ins Blickfeld von Architekten und Ingenieuren. 3D‐gedruckte transluzente Elemente aus Kunststoff versprechen neue gestalterische Möglichkeiten für den Fassadenbau. Durch individuell gestaltete Oberflächen und die Möglichkeit, das Innere des Fassadenelementes mit luftgefüllten wabenartigen Strukturen auszubilden, ergeben sich neue bauphysikalische Eigenschaften und Lösungsansätze für die Gebäudehülle. Bisher gibt es dafür keine statischen Bemessungsansätze. Der Beitrag beschreibt einen Weg, ein auf Bauteilversuchen gestütztes Bemessungsmodell für 3D‐gedruckte Kunststoffbauteile aufzustellen. Damit ist es möglich, frei geformte, im 3D‐Druck hergestellte Fassadenbauteile aus technischen Kunststoffen für Wind‐ und Schneelasten nachzuweisen.Structural design of 3D printed facade elements. With the upcoming additive manufacturing, architects and engineers draw attention again towards technical plastics. 3D printed translucent plastic elements promise new possibilities for facade design. Individual shapes and the insulating honeycomb structure typical for 3D printed parts allow new approaches for the building envelope. Up to now, structural design guidelines do not exist. This article describes, how to set up a structural design model for 3D printed parts based on material tests, in order to design and calculate freely shaped 3D printed facade parts for wind and snow loads.
Untersuchungen zu Dünnglas‐Polycarbonat‐Verbundtafeln als Sandwichelement
Authors: Weimar Thorsten , López Sebastián Andrés 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDer architektonische Wunsch nach optischer Transparenz in der Gebäudehülle führt zu einem hohen Anteil an Verglasungselementen. Dabei müssen auch im Bauwesen steigende Sicherheitsanforderungen in einer unsichereren Welt zusätzlich berücksichtigt werden und sind insbesondere bei großformatigen Verglasungen nicht zu vernachlässigen. Ein neuartiges Verbundsicherheitsglas aus Dünnglas und Polycarbonat bietet die Möglichkeit zur Reduzierung der Eigenlast bei gleichzeitigem Erreichen der höchsten Widerstandsklasse P8B gegen manuellen Angriff. Zwei äußere Dünnglastafeln und eine oder mehrere innenliegende Polycarbonattafeln, laminiert mit einer thermoplastischen Zwischenschicht, definieren eine Dünnglas‐Polycarbonat‐Verbundtafel. Analytische Berechnungsmethoden betrachten dabei das Tragverhalten für statische Lasten. Die Studie beschreibt den Einsatz von chemisch vorgespanntem sowie nicht vorgespanntem Dünnglas in Kombination mit Polycarbonat. Die mit dem Vierpunkt‐Biegeversuch ermittelten Verformungen der Verbundtafeln werden mit berechneten Ergebnissen aus der Sandwichtheorie verglichen.Research on thin glass‐polycarbonate composite panels as sandwich element. The architectural desire for optical transparency in the building envelope leads to a high percentage of glazing. However, increasing safety demands in an uncertain world have also to be taken into account in the building sector. Therefore, also large‐sized glazing cannot neglect actual security requirements. An innovative laminate made of thin glass and polycarbonate offers the possibility of reducing the dead load while simultaneously achieving the highest resistance class P8B against manual attack. Two outer thin glass panes and one or more inner polycarbonate sheet laminated by a thermoplastic interlayer define the thin glass‐polycarbonate composite panel. Analytical methods analyse the structural behaviour for static loads. This study focuses on the application of chemically pre‐stressed thin glass and annealed thin glass in combination with polycarbonate. The tested deformation of the composite panel with the four‐point bending test are compared with the analytical calculated results of the sandwich theory.
Anwendung faseroptischer Dehnungsmessung für die experimentelle Untersuchung von Verbundglas
Authors: Weimar Thorsten , Hammer Christian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDie faseroptische Dehnungsmessung ermöglicht auf Grundlage der Rayleigh‐Signalanalyse die Verformungszustände von Verbundglas im Bauteilversuch für die Modellierung des Tragverhaltens abzubilden. Mit verteilt messenden Glasfasersensoren, die einen Durchmesser von 0,16 mm aufweisen, lassen sich Dehnungsverläufe an der Glasoberfläche sowie in der Zwischenschicht ermitteln. Die im Zug‐ und Biegeversuch an Mono‐ und Verbundglas eingesetzten Sensoren ergänzen die mit Dehnungsmesstreifen und induktiven Wegaufnehmern gemessenen Verformungsgrößen.Application of fiber optic strain measurement for the experimental investigation of laminated glass. The method of fiber‐optic strain measurement based on the Rayleigh signal analysis provides the detection of the structural behavior and following modelling of glass laminates. With continual measuring fiber optic sensors, with a diameter of 0.16 mm, it is possible to determine strain patterns on the glass surface and in the interlayer. The sensors used in tensile and bending test on monolithic and laminated glass supplement strain gauges and inductive strain gauges.
Micro/Nano‐Scaled Covalent Organic Frameworks: Polymerization, Crystallization and Self‐Assembly
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhang Lu , Wang Xiangnan , Wang Tianping , Cheng Chong , Liu Xikui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the past decade, considerable efforts have been extended on covalent organic frameworks (COFs), however, the basic research about the nucleation and crystal growth of COF materials has been greatly ignored. This review aims at providing an overview over the theoretical foundation and experimental observation of the multi‐scale structural engineering of COF materials, which includes complex polymerization, crystallization and self‐assembly processes. In this perspective, we first highlighted the latest advances on basic knowledge about the nucleation and growth of COFs, including classical and non‐classical crystallization mechanism as well as the synthesis of COF single crystals. Subsequently, we surveyed the effects of synthesis conditions, such as catalysts, monomer adding modes, heating methods, modulator and supramolecular interaction on the formation of COF materials. In the last, the research on the synthesis of COF nanoparticles, nanofibers and nanosheets based on the knowledge of crystal growth are reviewed in detail. The understanding related to the polymerization, crystallization and self‐assembly process during COF formation will surely make it easier to realize COFs with designed hierarchical architectures for targeted applications.
Microindentation Technique to Create Localized Cartilage Microfractures
Authors: Chawla Dipul , Han Guebum , Eriten Melih , Henak Corinne R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractArticular cartilage is a multiphasic, anisotropic, and heterogeneous material. Although cartilage possesses excellent mechanical and biological properties, it can undergo mechanical damage, resulting in osteoarthritis. Thus, it is important to understand the microscale failure behavior of cartilage in both basic science and clinical contexts. Determining cartilage failure behavior and mechanisms provides insight for improving treatment strategies to delay osteoarthritis initiation or progression and can also enhance the value of cartilage as bioinspiration for material fabrication. To investigate microscale failure behavior, we developed a protocol to initiate fractures by applying a microindentation technique using a well‐defined tip geometry that creates localized cracks across a range of loading rates. The protocol includes extracting the tissue from the joint, preparing samples, and microfracture. Various aspects of the experiment, such as loading profile and solvent, can be adjusted to mimic physiological or pathological conditions and thereby further clarify phenomena underlying articular cartilage failure. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Harvesting and dissection of the joint surfacesBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of samples for microindentation and fatigue testingBasic Protocol 3: Microfracture using microindentationBasic Protocol 4: Crack propagation under cyclic loading
Mother–child mutually responsive orientation and real‐time physiological coordination
Authors: Hu Yannan , McElwain Nancy L. , Berry Daniel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFrom a biobehavioral framework, mother–child physiological and behavioral coordination are interdependent processes that contribute to children's socioemotional development. Little is known, however, about the temporal pattern of real‐time physiological coordination or its associations with global levels of mother–child behavioral coordination. We addressed these gaps using data from 110 mothers and their preschool‐aged children (56 girls, Mage = 53.63 months, SD = 7.74) across two play tasks (i.e., puzzle, pretend play). Using indices of maternal and child parasympathetic response (i.e., changes in respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA]) across 15‐s epochs, we tested the extent to which within‐dyad physiological coordination was contingent on mutually responsive orientation (MRO; a global composite of behavioral coordination and shared positive affect assessed via observer ratings across each play task). Results from a series of two‐level coupled autoregressive models indicated that MRO moderated mother–lead RSA coordination, and this pattern emerged across both play tasks. Controlling for stability of within‐person RSA changes, increases in maternal RSA at time t – 1 predicted increases in children's RSA at time t, but only for dyads averaging higher MRO during play. No interactions of MRO emerged for child–lead RSA coordination. Findings highlight the importance of dyadic behavioral processes for mother–child physiological coordination.
Consistency in the flight and visual orientation distances of habituated chacma baboons after an observed leopard predation. Do flight initiation distance methods always measure perceived predation risk?
Authors: Allan Andrew T. L. , Bailey Annie L. , Hill Russell A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFlight initiation distance (FID) procedures are used to assess the risk perception animals have for threats (e.g., natural predators, hunters), but it is unclear whether these assessments remain meaningful if animals have habituated to certain human stimuli (e.g., researchers, tourists). Our previous work showed that habituated baboons displayed individually distinct and consistent responses to human approaches, a tolerance trait, but it is unknown if the trait is resilient to life‐threatening scenarios. If it were consistent, it would imply FIDs might measure specific human threat perception only and not generalize to other threats such as predators when animals have experienced habituation processes. We used FID procedures to compare baseline responses to the visual orientation distance, FID, and individual tolerance estimates assessed after a leopard predation on an adult male baboon (group member). All variables were consistent despite the predation event, suggesting tolerance to observers was largely unaffected by the predation and FID procedures are unlikely to be generalizable to other threats when habituation has occurred. FID approaches could be an important tool for assessing how humans influence animal behavior across a range of contexts, but careful planning is required to understand the type of stimuli presented.
Riparian vegetation and geomorphological interactions in anabranching rivers: A global review
Authors: Henriques Marcelo , McVicar Tim R. , Holland Kate L. , Daly Edoardo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAnabranching rivers are characterized by multiple active channels. Vegetation, flow regime and sediment retention are critical components for the formation, evolution and stability of these rivers; however, the connections relating river dynamics with riparian vegetation development and distribution are still not well known. This review discusses the relationship between anabranching rivers and riparian vegetation, showing examples of how vegetation affects anabranching rivers and how it is also affected by river dynamics. Consequences of poor management and human activities that can disrupt river–vegetation systems are also explored, presenting some examples of modifications to the stability and longevity of anabranching rivers. Challenges to design and implement appropriate policy and management practices in anabranching rivers are most frequently driven by poor experimental evidence due to difficulties in collecting data in these often remote and large river systems. Remote sensing technologies that account for key interactions between riparian vegetation, river flow and morphology changes can provide means to overcome these challenges.
Study on the flame morphological characteristics of dual fire sources in tunnel under longitudinal ventilation
Authors: Zhang Yuchun , Chen Roujun , Li Xiaosong , Chen Longfei , Xing Shaoshuai , Li Tao 
Published: October 2021

SummaryIn this article, a small‐scale experiment (1:10) is used to study the flame morphology of the dual fire sources in the tunnel under longitudinal ventilation. The experimental results show that: (1) The flame height increases with the heat release rate of the fire source. When there is no wind, the flame height will increase as the fire source spacing increases. Under the effect of longitudinal ventilation, the flame height decreases first and then increases as the fire source spacing increases. (2) The flame inclination angle increases as the heat release rate of the fire source increases. When there is no wind, the flame inclination angle decreases with the increase of the fire source spacing. Under the effect of longitudinal ventilation, as the fire source spacing increases, the flame inclination angle decreases first and then increases, which is consistent with the variation law of the flame height with the fire source spacing. For the experimental conditions of smaller heat release rate of fire source and larger fire source spacing, the flame merged phenomenon gradually decreases.
Re‐exploring the early relationship between teenage cigarette and e‐cigarette use using price and tax changes
Authors: Pesko Michael F. , Warman Casey 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn 2016, the Surgeon General used longitudinal cohort studies to conclude that youth e‐cigarette use is strongly associated with cigarette use. We re‐evaluate data from the period of time before the writing of the Surgeon General report, using quasi‐experimental methods, and reach the opposite conclusion. We study contemporaneous and intertemporal effects of e‐cigarette and cigarette price and tax changes. Our price variation comes from 35,000 retailers participating in the Nielsen Retail Scanner data system. We match price and tax variation to survey data on current use of e‐cigarettes and cigarettes for over 94,000 students between grades 6 and 12 in the National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) for years 2011–2015. We find evidence that e‐cigarettes and cigarettes are same‐period economic substitutes. Coefficient estimates (while imprecisely estimated) also suggest potentially large positive effects of past e‐cigarette prices on current cigarette use, indicating intertemporal economic substitution. Our findings raise doubts about the conclusion of government‐sponsored reports that e‐cigarettes and cigarettes are strongly positively associated. We recommend revisiting and possibly amending this conclusion.
Combining Cognitive Mapping and indigenous knowledge to improve food environments in regional New Zealand
Authors: McKelvie‐Sebileau Pippa , Rees David , Swinburn Boyd , Gerritsen Sarah , D’Souza Erica , Tipene‐Leach David 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIssue addressedHawke's Bay has one of the highest rates of childhood obesity in New Zealand. While several initiatives exist aiming to decrease obesity through physical activity, there are few nutritional interventions. This study adopted a systems science and mātauranga Māori approach to identify and target underlying drivers of rising childhood obesity and engage the community to improve the food environment.MethodsCognitive mapping interviews (CM) with local stakeholders (school principals, Iwi and district health board representatives, education managers and local councillors) were conducted. The aim was to map participants’ mental models of the causes of rising childhood obesity and to identify key principles for engaging with the local community in a meaningful, impactful and culturally appropriate way for future action.ResultsEleven interviews were conducted face‐to‐face and cognitive maps were constructed. Follow‐up interviews were carried out online, due to COVID restrictions, to present the maps and for interviewees to make any adjustments. Four composite themes emerged through centrality and cluster analysis of the resulting cognitive maps: the importance of building in mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge and ways of being), the “hauora” of children, working with the community and integrating existing initiatives. Two contextual factors are also considered: the growing need for food security in our communities and the opportunity to start interventions in the school setting.ConclusionCognitive mapping can produce useful insights in the early stages of community engagement. The six “pou” (pillars) underscore the importance of incorporating indigenous knowledge when embarking on public health interventions, particularly around obesity and in regional communities.So what?When designing a public health initiative with a community with a high indigenous population, indigenous knowledge should be promoted to focus on holistic health, working with the community and creating opportunities for cohesion. These founding principles will be used to structure future community actions to improve children's food environments in regional New Zealand.