bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Graph Final Design of a Ship CPP
Authors: Zhang Qingju , Wang Delun , Zhang Baozhong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the problems that a ship’s Controllable Pitch Propeller(CPP) of insufficient load power and low power-weight ratio did not fully utilized the rated power of the main engine(M/E), we redesigned the CPP by the graph method. Firstly, introduced the structure and function of the main components of the CPP, and analyzed the theoretical basis of the CPP graph design, then selected the CPP’ type according to the main parameters of the M/E and hull. Secondly, with the graph method, calculated the maximum ship speed and determined the optimal elements of the CPP driven by the M/E rated power and other M/E power, and converted the best factor of other power CPP according to the design propeller diameter. Then, check the strength and cavitation performance of CPP. Thirdly, calculated the navigation characteristics of refrigerated ships to verify the graph design results. Finally, summarized the graph design and drawn the blade extension profile. The Research results show that the CPP can make full use of the M/E rated power after the graph final design, and the CPP power-weight ratio can be improved by retaining the original hub and increasing the blade diameter and area ratio, The method of the graph final design is usable and effective.
Boron nitride nanotube scaffolds: emergence of a new era in regenerative medicine
Authors: Anandhan Sathyan Vivekanand , Krishnan Uma Maheswari 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Tissue engineering scaffolds have transformed from passive geometrical supports for cell adhesion, extension and proliferation to active, dynamic systems that can in addition, trigger functional maturation of the cells in response to external stimuli. Such ‘smart’ scaffolds require the incorporation of active response elements that can respond to internal or external stimuli. One of the key elements that direct the cell fate processes is mechanical stress. Different cells respond to various types and magnitudes of mechanical stresses. The incorporation of a pressure-sensitive element in the tissue engineering scaffold therefore, will aid in tuning the cell response to the desired levels. Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are analogous to carbon nanotubes and have attracted considerable attention due to their unique amalgamation of chemical inertness, piezoelectric property, biocompatibility and, thermal and mechanical stability. Incorporation of BNNTs in scaffolds confers them with piezoelectric property that can be used to stimulate the cells seeded on them. Biorecognition and solubilization of BNNTs can be engineered through surface functionalization with different biomolecules. Over the years, the importance of BNNT has grown in the realm of healthcare nanotechnology. This review discusses the salient properties of BNNTs, the influence of functionalization on their in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, and the uniqueness of BNNT-incorporated tissue engineering scaffolds.
World trade of environmentally-sensitive commodities: legal and institutional aspects
Authors: Elfimova Olga , Vysotckaia Valeriia , Vakorina Elena 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTrade liberalization does not mean that the role of Customs authorities is diminishing. Instead, the modern customs should expedite cross-border trade to promote economic development and preventing illicit trade. Certain sub-stances and commodities that cross borders are considered to be “environ-mentally sensitive” for human health and ecosystems. The environmental illicit trade causes serious damage to the environment. It is considered as a threat for national environmental security. In many countries, customs plays an important role in protecting of the environment. It enforces the provisions of the Multilateral Environmental Agreements (henceforth MEA). The present study is a systematic review of customs – related environmental issues at different levels. Particular attention is paid to examples of customs escort of MEA from the experience of the Russian Federation, the EAEU and the BRICS. The results of the study can serve as a basis for developing measures for the ensuring environmental security with the help of customs management practices, tools, and techniques.
Research of the Ricotta made from cheese whey enriched with citrus dietary fiber
Authors: Zinina O , Khitsenko A , Neverova O , Stepanov A , Bykova O 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Whey is a unique raw material in the production of specialized food products due to the presence of easily digestible proteins and a wide range of minerals. The paper considers the technology of making whey cheese “Ricotta” from cheese whey with the addition of dietary fiber in the amount of 1, 3 and 5% of the raw material weight. The quality of the used cheese whey was assessed. The sequence of technological stages of production of Ricotta cheese enriched with dietary fiber is presented. The results of physicochemical studies of the Ricotta cheese samples showed that with an increase in the added citrus dietary fiber, the fat content decreases from 6.42% in the control sample to 5.02 in the sample with the addition of 5% citrus dietary fiber; the moisture content increases from 63.18% in the control sample to 65.88% in the sample with 5% dietary fiber. The results of descriptor analysis showed that with an increase in the content of dietary fiber, the product develops a citrus smell and taste, the texture becomes denser. The sample with the addition of 3% citrus dietary fiber has the most harmonious sensory indicators. The yield of whey cheese with 10 liters of cheese whey ranged from 496 g - a control sample, to 544 g - a test sample with the introduction of 5% dietary fiber. Thus, the results obtained show the possibility of introducing citrus dietary fiber into whey cheese.
Determination of laboratory seed yield of Artemisia schrenkiana Ledeb and Chorispora bungeana Fisch
Authors: Seilkhan A , Syraiyl S , Turganova G , Satbayeva E , Erkenova N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
One of the most pressing problems of human society is ensuring a harmonious relationship between society and nature. As a result of inefficient use of plant resources, the ecological balance is disrupted, and together with a decrease in the stock of plant raw materials, it has a negative impact on human health. Due to the high medicinal properties of medicinal plants and low side effects, the demand for them is constantly growing all over the world. This is a great achievement for the economy and medicine, but if raw materials are not used efficiently, they will lead to a decrease in plant reserves. This article discusses the determination of seed productivity in laboratory conditions of plants Artemisia Schrenkiana collected from Urzhar District of East Kazakhstan and Chorispora bungeana Fisch collected from the Trans-Ili Alatau of Almaty region. Laboratory experiments have shown high germination of Chorispora bungeana and Artemisia schrenkiana seeds, but the germination of seeds collected from different populations is different: for example, Artemisia Schrenkiana and Chorispora bungeana plants had the highest laboratory germination of № 2 seeds. This is probably due to the remoteness of these populations from anthropogenic factors. because 1 and № 3 populations of Artemisia Schrenkiana were found in the vicinity of settlements, while № 2 populations were located in pastures far from villages. The population of or 1 of the plant Chorispora bungeana was found in the Trans-Ili Alatau, a popular tourist destination, and the population of № 1 was found in the highlands, where people do not go often.
Applications of convolutional neural networks for the detection and classification of fungal rice diseases
Authors: Arinichev I V , Polyanskikh S V , Arinicheva I V , Sergeeva I O 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the possibility of detecting and classifying rice fungal diseases by image using convolutional neural networks. Fungal diseases cause tremendous economic damage to rice growing and it is very important to determine the disease accurately and at an early stage in order to take timely measures to combat them. The paper compares four modern neural network architectures and shows that on a test sample that includes two classes of diseases – leaf blast and brown spot, as well as a class of healthy plants, the achievable classification accuracy can be more than 95%. Authors argue that the results obtained can be used to automatically detect fungal diseases in rice and to make a decision on the implementation of protective measures, which could be carried out with minimal labor and time.
Use of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Beksultanova A I , Vatyukova O Y , Akhmedov B S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Digital technologies will continue to fill our world, creating new opportunities to change our lives. The world we live in is literally awash with digital technologies. They initiate and continue to initiate changes, running through all aspects of our lives, our environment, and the entire society of which we are a part.
The use of digital technologies in this paper is considered as a key factor in the complete transformation of the functioning methods of the agro-industrial complex and agriculture. The article examines the role of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex, notes the benefits of using innovative digital technologies, and describes the factors that hinder the process of informatization of the agro-industrial complex (AIC). It also provides examples of how the use of digital technologies contributes to the improvement and functioning of agri-food systems efficiency.
Distant learning: challenges and risks of 2020
Authors: Shtaleva N R , Derkho M A , Pribytova O S , Shamina S V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article presents relevance of distance learning technologies in the current stage of public relations evolution owing to the development level of electronic devices for data transfer, processes of economic integration, the need to “socialize” for people with limited mobility, the need for lifelong learning, and changing conditions of interaction during 2020th pandemic. Based on the analysis of legal as well as organizational and methodological documentation, the available educational experience of general and higher education teachers and our observations, an attempt is made to summarize the challenges of distance learning caused by the imperfection of distance learning regulation, insufficient development of theoretical backgrounds and methodology of distance learning. The mechanism for using ICT technologies in distance learning is also insufficiently developed. This article reveals the decline risks in the quality of education and threats to the health of students in the realization of distance learning. Our own experience in the implementation of distance learning using the “flipped classroom” technology is given.
Characteristics of the cultivated area and its structure under conditions of increasing average annual temperatures
Authors: Petrov Sergei , Mamaeva Natali , Renev Evgenii , Narushko Maksim 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The climatic characteristics, the area and structure of arable land occupied by agricultural crops, including cereals and legumes, the area of agricultural land, including arable land in the Tyumen region without autonomous regions, as well as the content of mobile forms of heavy metals in the arable horizon. It was revealed that the climate is becoming more favorable for growing crops in the Northern Trans-Urals, thus, from the zone of risky farming, the region can move to a more favorable area for growing grain and leguminous crops. The content of mobile forms of Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd and Pb in the arable horizon does not exceed the MPC. Nevertheless, in recent years, the area and structure of arable land sown with agricultural crops, including cereals and legumes, the area of agricultural land, including arable land, has practically not changed.
Study of the microstructure of stained cheeses
Authors: Ermolaev V A , Kechkin I A , Slavyanskiy A A , Gurkovskaya E A , Bronnikova V V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A selection of methods for cheese mass coloring was performed. Cheeses stained with Sudan III according to Herxheimer’s method have fat of a bright orange color, and on micrographs this fat is clearly distinguished in the form of droplets with a diameter of 30 to 100 microns. Moreover, the fatty droplets in the micrographs, regardless of the cheese type, are predominantly light in color (white). The microstructure of cheeses stained with Sudan III and Methylene Blue has a cellular structure. Their fat droplets in micrographs have a dark color (gray or black). The size of the fat droplets is the same as that of cheeses stained with Sudan III according to Herxheimer’s method, from 30 to 100 microns.
Motorless pilot studies of crankshaft dampers of combustion engines
Authors: Khaliullin Farit , Matyashin Aleksandr , Zemdikhanov Minsur , Martyushev Aleksey , Davydov Nikolay 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article is about motorless studies of crankshaft dampers of combustion engines. An option to reduce the adverse effect of torsional motions of the crankshaft to the working life and effective performance of the engine is the dampers’ installation. However, dampers’ installation causes a change in the number of motor masses, what in turn results in a change in free frequency. As a consequence, there are changes in the resonant modes of operation, and ones in the type and shape of the constrained oscillations. To ensure the efficient operation of the recently designed construction of dampers, numerous final tests have to be performed, and the calculation itself is iterative, which considerably increases the complexity and a number of calculations. Stand design is suggested for carrying out these researches in a motorless way, while the modes and parameters of the torsional motions of the crankshaft match the operating modes of the combustion engine itself. Changeability of the distance between the motor masses and the type and magnitude of the torques acting on the motor masses makes the suggested stand universal for testing engines of any layout diagram. Torque modulation in amplitude, frequency, and phase is obtained by changing the appropriate electrical settings on the stator windings, creating torque for an equal torsional circuit. This circuit also enables testing only for resonant torque harmonics, which is an unquestionable advantage of the offered stand.
Prospects for application of blockchain technology in land administration
Authors: Beznosov A G , Skvortsov E A , Skvortsova E G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The application of blockchain is associated primarily with cryptocurrencies, however they are used in various spheres of the economy. The issues of the application of blockchain technologies in land administration are not sufficiently developed theoretically, which makes this study relevant. Since 2016, the application of blockchain technologies in land administration has been at various stages of implementation in different countries (USA, United Kingdom, Brazil, etc.). A model for entering data into the land information system using blockchain technologies is presented: data from users are received and added to the blockchain, they are replicated and the transaction is verified, a block with a transaction is formed, which is added to the blockchain of all system participants. A national land market system with blockchain infrastructure can increase the likelihood of exporting to international markets as compliance with international standards becomes a transparent and undeniable issue. The use of blockchain technologies can increase economic efficiency and security, reduce the risk of uncertainty in achieving sustainable development of land matters.
Construction of a mathematical model of cereal lodging
Authors: Arinicheva I V , Arinichev I V , Darmilova Z D 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe increase in the yield of cereals - the main food product of the world’s population - is the result of a modern approach to the process of growing and harvesting, the introduction of new methods of breeding work based on methods of mathematical modeling. Lodging of crops leads to significant crop losses. The article describes the methods developed by us for determining the physicomechanical properties and architectonics of plants, which are used to construct a lodging model. The study was carried out using mathematical analysis and methods of technical mechanics to find the features of resistance to lodging of stems of winter and spring cereals, depending on the variety and species. The physicomechanical properties of their tissues and the parameters of the architectonics of cereal plants were determined, which are recommended to be used when breeding new varieties and hybrids that are resistant to lodging.
Evaluation effectiveness of forage harvesters in silage preparation
Authors: Valge Aleksandr , Sukhoparov Aleksey , Papushin Eduard , Dobrinov Aleksandr 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The indicators of the feed output and, in general, the profitability of animal husbandry rely on the effectiveness of forage harvesters. Models depicting the performance and fuel use of forage harvesters were received resulting from the analysis of the fuctioning indicators. An effectiveness ratio was suggested for a comparative analysis of their effectiveness. It considers the relationship between performance and fuel use while harvesting grasses of different yields.
Three forage harvesters: Jaguar-840, Jaguar-690 and Maral-125 are analyzed in this article when selecting grass windrows dried to a moisture content of 65%. Comparative analysis of the concerned forage harvesters revealed that the fullest loading of the Jaguar-840 and Jaguar-690 harvesters is achieved with a yield of grass more than 17.5 t/ha, and the Maral-125 combine harvester-with a yield of grass more than 10 t / ha. If the grass yield is up to 7 t / ha, the fuel rate of the harvesters is almost the same. Its changes occurs along a decreasing exponential curve with an increase in the yield of grass. The highest effectiveness ratio, equal to 33.54 (ha / shift)×(t / l), during silage preparation, has a Jaguar-840 forage harvester with a grass yield of 10.0-20.0 t / ha. The lowest effectiveness ratio is 5.63 (ha / shift)×(t / l), has Maral-125 harvester in the grass cutting with a yield of 25.0-30.0 t / ha.
Electing drought-resistant pinus pinea L. (stone pine) using dendroclimatology
Authors: Yu Karpukhin M , Yussef A M 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine the exceptional dry years of Pinus pinea L. (stone pine) by using dendroclimatology, and Selection drought-resistant trees depending on the differentiation in the width of the annual growth rings of exceptional dry years and adopting them as seed mothers. Method. Sixteen samples were taken from four different sites (A, B, C, and D) (four samples per site). Cores were extracted from 10 trees per sample and the transverse surfaces of all cores were smoothed to expose the tree rings. Cores were then scanned and annual ring widths were measured from 2019 to 2005 using ScopeImage Plus software. By using the Moving Average as a smoothing technique, the exceptional years of the time series for the width of the annual growth rings for each sample were determined. More specifically, results show that 2008 and 2014 are negatively exceptional years across all the sites. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients between the ring-widths, the annual precipitation, and temperature for each site show that the annual precipitation is the determinant of the occurrence of exceptional years and that 2008 and 2014 are the dry years in our chosen sites. When comparing the ring widths of the dry years, it was noticed that tress (Aa4, Ab6, Ac9, Ad2) in the site A, (Ba10, Bb1, Bc3, Bd1) in the site B, (Ca9, Cb5, Cc8, Cd1) in the site C and (Da1, Db3, Dc7, Dd3) in the site D are superior and have wide rings. Scientific novels. According to this study, these trees can be selected as drought-resistant and adopted as seeds mothers which can be used in the propagation of Pinus pinea.
Management according to international standards in farming
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Mukhina Evgeniya , Kostina Zinaida , Borodina Tatiana , Ermakova Maria 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Management accounting is important for managing and controlling the activities of an agricultural enterprise. The implementation of management accounting is usually poorly regulated by the state, in this regard, the company can develop a system and form of management accounting, as well as a scheme for monitoring and reporting financial and economic activities. In addition to the data contained in the financial statements, management accounting, in our opinion, should take into account the peculiarities of the production process of a particular enterprise, which are difficult or impossible to objectively reflect in the financial statements. The use of management accounting in an agricultural enterprise contributes to the coordination of its divisions, allows you to improve the accounting, planning and control of production processes occurring in the agro-industrial enterprise. The presence of a synergistic effect from the interaction of all components of management accounting makes it possible to improve the efficiency of management of an agricultural enterprise. The application of international management accounting standards in agricultural enterprises makes it possible to more quickly and effectively implement favorable market conditions and timely solve problems that arise before the enterprise.
Studies about aging and corrosion of galvanized steel and polyvinyl chloride shielded cable caused by fireproof mud
Authors: Chen Minjiang , Liu Yang , Jiang Lingao , Huang Zhidong , Yu Bin , Hua Guoxiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Fireproof mud is a widely-used sealing and plugging material in power and construction industry, yet it may cause aging/corrosion problems to its directly contacted materials, leading to high safety risk. However, studies about the aging/corrosion behavious caused by fireproof mud are surprisingly rare. To fill in such a research gap, aging and corrosion of galvanized steel and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-shielded cable caused by fireproof mud under simulated hygrothermal environment have been systematiclly investigated, based on which the mechanisms of these processes have been proposed. The results show that the corrosion of galvanized steel is mainly influenced by chloride anions from the fireproof mud, which can be aggravated/ alleviated if the fireproof mud is acidic/alkaline. For the aging of PVC shielded cable, one main reason is acidic/alkaline chemical corrosion caused by acidic/alkaline fireproof mud, the other is radical chain reaction of the PVC polymer in hygrothermal environment. These discoveries can offer important guidance for correct and safe use of fireproof mud in industries, thus ensure safe industrial production.