bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune-enzyme methods of food safety analysis
Authors: Kurbanov Murod , Mukhamadiev Bakhodir , Kalanova Dilafruz , Muzafarova Kholida , Kurbanova Shakhnoza 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
One of the topical issues of agricultural production is the quality and safety of raw materials and products. Food safety primarily concerns biological, more precisely microbiological objects, namely, viruses, pathogenic bacteria (salmonella, listeria, etc.) and fungi (mycotoxins), the analysis of which requires cheap, specific and fast methods. This article covers the essence of ELISA – enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods, as well as PSR - polymerase chain reactions, their varieties and advantages in comparison with traditional methods of analyzing microorganisms that pose a certain danger to human health (through food products) and animals (through feed). The article is relevant in the light of recent events, namely outbreaks of various epidemics (e.g., the Covid-19 coronavirus)
Evaluations of successful practices in the implementation of green management
Authors: Lamzin R M , Mosolova D A , Knyazhechenko O A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The stability of modern socio-economic processes is determined by the rational regulation of the relationship between the optimal provision of production and consumer relations and the scientifically grounded use of the components of the natural environment. In this regard, by analyzing and summarizing various methods of obtaining economic products in demand on the market, as well as by methods of statistical and economic analysis of multidirectional information data, the need to find a multidimensional organizational and management structure that combines productive forms of use and disposal of available production technologies is revealed, subject to full compliance conditions of the minimum possible impact on the natural environment. The main goal of green management is to obtain the maximum possible economic and production effects, which is expressed in the form of the maximum possible level of profit with the maximum satisfaction of consumer demands with the maximum possible extraction of raw materials and energy from the minimum possible amount of components of the natural environment. As a result of the study, it was established that in conditions of violation of natural-natural relationships and natural-climatic conditions of life of modern society, green management is a productive system for the development of promising forms and methods of economic activity in conditions of natural and climatic instability with the receipt of innovative economic products.
Forecasting the winter wheat yield based on the vegetation index NDVI dynamic model
Authors: Bukhovets A G , Semin E A , Kucherenko M V , Iablonovskaia S I 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The proposed vegetation index NDVI dynamic model allows us to move from describing the plants’ development and growth phenomenological way to model ideas about the vegetation process as a whole. The biological research previously obtained experimental material is linked within a mathematical model framework with the vegetation indices values calculated from satellite images. This makes it possible to quantitatively evaluate the plant development characteristics and indicators in the crops observations framework carried out using spacecraft. This work main task is to explicate the mathematical model main provisions, which allows combining these two viewpoints obtained in different ways: experimentally and through visual analysis. This approach allows explaining how the processes occurring in plants are displayed in a data mathematical model obtained from space. In this paper, we consider an approach based solely on a dynamic model parameter for the current field season and an introduced new integral characteristic that depends on the vegetation index NDVI current values. This approach advantage to yield forecasting is that the forecast is made on the data basis coming from the spacecraft, i.e. is operational. At the same time, the forecast is based on a dynamic model that takes into account the agricultural plants physiological characteristics, in particular, winter wheat.
Risk insurance of agricultural organizations in Russia: trends, problems, directions of development
Authors: Naminova K A , Makaeva K I , Uchurova E O , Boldyreva E S , Godzhaeva E S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The historical heterogeneity of the Russian economic space has a significant impact on the evolution of the state structure, the structure and efficiency of the economy. Agriculture is carried out in conditions of risky farming, due to droughts, waterlogs, cold weather, which leads to poor harvest years, to high losses of livestock of farm animals. Thus, the weight of the frost, hail, in the South of Russia in 2018 caused great damage to the development of agriculture in the amount of 7.3 billion rubles, floods in Siberia, the Far East in 2019 caused damage costing more than 13 billion rubles. High risks rooted in the peculiarities of agricultural activities, crisis financial condition, debt burden of agricultural enterprises do not allow them to cope with losses on their own. However, the role of such enterprises and their products is the subject of national policy aimed at ensuring the country’s food security. Despite notable achievements in the economic development, expansion of agriculture, the protection of the interests of the farmers remains low. The problems of crop loss, animal deaths, the issues of establishing insurance conditions with state support containing a combined list of insurance risks, without taking into account natural and climatic conditions, the imperfection of the procedure for providing state subsidies to the regions stays quite acute and relevant.
The role of dyeing safflower in ensuring food security of the Volgograd region
Authors: Belikina A V , Sukhareva E P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation which was adopted on January 20th, 2020 which he obtained the level of self-sufficiency in the seeds crop of agriculture from domestic section should be at least 75%. The Volgograd region is a large agricultural region of Russia, which produces about 70% of agricultural crops from agricultural products in the region where various crops are grown, which provide most of the oilseed crops with sunflower. It was determined that its crops negatively affect the ecological situation in the region; safflower, which has up to 35% oil in oilseeds, could serve as an alternative crop. At the same time, in arid regions, forage production requires optimization, and for a variety of rations for farm animals, it is possible to use thornless safflower varieties, which are grown for green fodder and for obtaining meal, after extracting oil from safflower oilseeds. The usefulness of safflower meal for farm animals, containing up to 55 feed units, is confirmed by foreign researchers in their works. So, when feeding lambs, the color of the meat increases while the linoleic acid in it increases. The researchers state that the addition of 15% safflower seeds improves the sensory properties of lamb meat and also improves the quality of the meat. The factors of choosing a competitive focusing strategy for farms that cultivate a niche crop of safflower are considered. In 2020, 16 varieties of crops were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, of which 4 are breeding of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 of them have no thorns and are suitable for obtaining green mass from safflower crops, up to two mows per season. The supply and demand in the market, market factors of their change have been studied. The economic efficiency of the cultivation of dyeing safflower for seeds and commercial purposes has been calculated.
Environmental adaptive features of local dogs and Kalmyk’s shepherd dog “Barg”
Authors: Yuldashbayev Yusup , Arylov Khongor , Arylov Yuri , Frantsuzov Oleg , Natyrov Arkady 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results on the study of the biological characteristics of the Kalmyk’s shepherd dog "Barg" and local dogs, as well as indicators of the physiological state of animals (pulse frequency, breathing and body temperature). The indicators of natural immunity in the studied dog breeds and morphological, biochemical blood composition of animals were investigated. Analyzing the above mentioned data, it is possible to conclude that the extrusion of feed for experimental dogs contributes to a more intense metabolic process in the body, which is confirmed by the best biochemical blood indicators.
Biomedical and biotechnological aspects of the production of functional ingredients based on yeast biomass
Authors: Serba E M , Rimareva L V , Yuraskina T V , Sokolova E N , Revyakina V A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The results obtained in recent studies shown that use of the biologically active substances of microbial origin is prospect as natural components of nutrition, including the non-pathogenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, applying in the food industry. The aim of this work was to study the peptide and amino acid composition of yeast fermentolysates as factors that form their functional properties and biomedical activity. As a result of biocatalytic destruction during 6 and 12 hours, yeast biomass fermentolysates were produced, that mainly contained low molecular weight peptides (57.3% and 85.0% of the protein substances total mass) and free form amino acids (15.7% and 50.2% of the total amino acids). Spectral composition analysis of low molecular weight peptides confirmed a high degree of the protein hydrolysis. It was established that after 12 h of the hydrolysis, fermentolysate mainly contained peptides with a molecular weight of 80 to 300 Da, as well as free amino acids. The efficiency and safety of yeast fermentolysates that are sources of low molecular weight peptides and free amino acids, that determine their functional properties, was proven using in diets of experimental animals. Biomedical research and clinical trials confirmed that yeast fermentolysates had a high digestibility, promoted the normalization of metabolism, improved the functional state of the body, the recovery of patients and the restoration of their operability, had a general fortifying and immunomodulatory effect.
Etiological structure of pig colibacillosis on the territory of the Russian Federation
Authors: Yakimova E A , Matyash E A , Belyaeva A S , Kapustin A V , Laishevtsev A I 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the course of the study, the results were obtained proving that on the territory of pig breeding enterprises in some regions of the Russian Federation, at least 29 E. Coli serogroups are circulating, both intestinal (enterotoxigenic - ETEC, enteropathogenic - EPEC, enterohemorragic - EHEC, enteroaggregative - EAEC, diffusely adherent - DAEC), and extraintestinal (uropathogenic - UPEC, neonatal meningitis - NMEC, avian pathogenic - APEC). The O2 serogroup has the largest share in this structure - 10.13%, then comes O4 – 9.13%, O20 – 6.98%, O41 – 6.95%, O35 – 5.74%, O55 – 5.62%, O33 – 5.38%, O26 – 5.02%, O119 – 4.14%, O111 – 3.93%, O18 – 3.23%, O103 – 2.99%, O8 – 2.96%, O1 and O126 - 2.93% each, O127 – 2.54%, O141 – 2.39%, O15 – 2.27%, O78 – 2.21%, O117 – 2.12%, O139 – 1.06%, O101 – 2.00%, O115 – 1.36%, O86 – 1.33%, O138 – 1.12%, O142 and O9 - 0.85 %, O149 – 0.67% and O3 – 0.18% each. Most of the E. Coli isolates were not serotyped due to the limited capabilities of the diagnostic kit. Most of the identified Escherichia serogroups (28 out of 29) were isolated from adult sows on a commercial reproducer, which suggests that this physiological group of animals is the main source of E. coli. At the same time, it was recorded that in addition to the vertical path of transmission of the pathogen (from sows to young animals), the horizontal path of transmission (for example, from people, with food, with water, with rodents, etc.) has an important role in the spread of colibacillosis. The results obtained can be useful for practicing veterinary specialists when planning therapeutic measures for pig colibacillosis.
Browning of subcutaneous adipose tissue in wild-caught rodents of Siberia
Authors: Elsukova E I , Yakunenkov A V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The physiological role of uncoupling protein 1 in white fat depot is not yet fully understood. Analysis of adipose tissues of animals from natural populations may be an informative addition to the laboratory experiment in the study of this problem. The paper presents the first case of the detection of uncoupling protein 1 in inguinal white fat depot of short-tailed field voles (Microtus agrestis) and Korean field mice (Apodemus peninsulae). The animals were caught in West Sayan in the summer of 2015. Their inguinal fat was of non-typical dark-pink color with the brown colored inclusions, increased content of total protein in comparison with these parameters of laboratory mice. Immunoreactive UCP1 was identified in this white fat pad of about two-thirds of the animals. The interscapular brown fat weight, morphology, biochemical properties were typical. We assumed the inguinal fat with uncoupling protein 1 to be responsible for heating the low limb muscles and triggering their high activity at low summer night temperatures in West Sayan.
Biodiversity and functional variability of the allele pool of horse breed populations
Authors: Blohina N V , Sorokin S I , Khrabrova L A , Zelenchenkova A A , Bazaron B Z 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM1) is a disease of excessive accumulation of glycogen in muscles, which is encoded by the enzyme glycogen synthase (GYS1). The horses with a mutation at the locus (GYS1) have substandard performance, they often experience muscle pain with intense work, get sweaty and have stiffness in movement, which is generally accompanied by a decrease in performance. The aim of our research was to study the GYS1 mutation (g.18940324 G> A) in glycogen accumulation in horses of different breeds. For the study, horses (n = 181) of ten factory and local breeds were selected, including Russian Donskaya, Bashkirskaya, Buryatskaya, Vladimirskaya, Vyatskaya, Percheronskaya, Russian heavy draft, Soviet heavy draft, Orlov trotter and Thoroughbred horse breeds. According to the results of testing, the GYS1 mutation was found in Bashkirskaya horse breed (3.2%), Buryatskaya horse breed (10%), Vyatskaya horse breed (9.5%), Soviet heavy draft horse breed (30%), Russian heavy draft horse breed (49.9%) and Percheronskaya horse breed (90%). Donskaya, Thoroughbred and Orlov trotter horse breeds showed no PSSM1 defect. Timely diagnostics and monitoring of horse breeds for the presence of genetic abnormalities that reduce their health and performance allow avoiding the accumulation of genetic burden in populations and contribute to increasing the efficiency of breeding programs.
Impact of mineral fertilizers on yield and grain quality of spring wheat cultivar Marsianka
Authors: Sultanov F S , Yudin A A , Gabdrakhimov O B 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article gives the results of studies on the effect of mineral fertilizers on yielding capacity and grain quality of a new variety of soft spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Marsianka. The research objectives included the study of mineral fertilizers impact on plant growth and development, ripening terms, yield structure, productivity, grain quality and economic efficiency of Marsianka cultivar. Field observations and laboratory assays of the obtained data confirmed that mineral fertilizers make a significant effect on plant growth and development, on yield components (the amount of productive stems, grain number per spike, thousand-grain weight) of the new variety. Resulting from the studies it has been established that the application of fertilizers rated for the planned yield 4.0 t/ha provides max. productivity 3.43 t/ha of good-quality grain containing crude protein 15.9 % and gluten 35.0 %. In terms of economic efficiency, the lowest prime cost of 1 t grain (5171.0 and 5242.1 rub.) and high payback level were obtained with N30 and N60 application. In these options, the cost recovery of 1 kg a. s. fertilizers was 11.6 and 10.7 kg of grain, respectively. The greatest pure income 15.2 thous. rub/ha was provided in the variant using N60P60K60. The further increase of fertilizers application rate leads to products overpricing and decline in economic indicators when cultivating the new spring wheat cultivar Marsianka.
Historical Tools of Anthropometric Facial Assessment: A Systematic Raw Data Analysis on the Applicability of the Neoclassical Canons and Golden Ratio
Authors: Khoshab Nima , Donnelly Megan R , Sayadi Lohrasb R , Vyas Raj M , Banyard Derek A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
The fundamental tenets of facial aesthetic surgery education have not changed in centuries. Research is beginning to demonstrate that the Neoclassical Canons and the Golden Ratio, Phi, have limited utilization in populations other than those of White European extraction.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to analyze comparable raw data in the literature to determine (1) if there is interethnic variability in Neoclassical Canon and Phi measurements, and (2) if the measurements in these representative samples differ from the “ideal.”

Methods
A PubMed/Scopus search was performed. Manuscripts with raw data and individuals aged ≥16 were included. Measurements were extracted and employed to calculate the Neoclassical Canons and Phi. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were conducted to compare mean measurements across 6 ethnic groups (P &lt; 0.05).

Results
Twenty-seven articles were included. Every continent was represented except Antarctica and Australia. Men were less commonly studied than women. Participant ages ranged from 16 to 56. Averaged Canons 2, 6-8 measurements had significant interethnic differences in males, whereas Canons 5-8 had significant differences across ethnicities in females. For men, there was significant interethnic variability in measurements of Phi 2, 5, 8, 10, and 17. For women, Phi 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, and 17 varied across ethnicities. No ethnic/gender group showed consistent approximation of the “ideal” for both the Neoclassical Canons and Phi.

Conclusions
Today, the utility of the Neoclassical Canons and Phi is limited. It is incumbent on our field to systematically study and define the anthropometric measures that define the “ideal.”
Development of interactive biological web applications with R/Shiny
Authors: Jia Lihua , Yao Wen , Jiang Yingru , Li Yang , Wang Zhizhan , Li Haoran , Huang Fangfang , Li Jiaming , Chen Tiantian , Zhang Huiyong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDevelopment of interactive web applications to deposit, visualize and analyze biological datasets is a major subject of bioinformatics. R is a programming language for data science, which is also one of the most popular languages used in biological data analysis and bioinformatics. However, building interactive web applications was a great challenge for R users before the Shiny package was developed by the RStudio company in 2012. By compiling R code into HTML, CSS and JavaScript code, Shiny has made it incredibly easy to build web applications for the large R community in bioinformatics and for even non-programmers. Over 470 biological web applications have been developed with R/Shiny up to now. To further promote the utilization of R/Shiny, we reviewed the development of biological web applications with R/Shiny, including eminent biological web applications built with R/Shiny, basic steps to build an R/Shiny application, commonly used R packages to build the interface and server of R/Shiny applications, deployment of R/Shiny applications in the cloud and online resources for R/Shiny.
Sensitive, reliable and robust circRNA detection from RNA-seq with CirComPara2
Authors: Gaffo Enrico , Buratin Alessia , Dal Molin Anna , Bortoluzzi Stefania 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large class of covalently closed RNA molecules originating by a process called back-splicing. CircRNAs are emerging as functional RNAs involved in the regulation of biological processes as well as in disease and cancer mechanisms. Current computational methods for circRNA identification from RNA-seq experiments are characterized by low discovery rates and performance dependent on the analysed data set. We developed CirComPara2 (https://github.com/egaffo/CirComPara2), a new automated computational pipeline for circRNA discovery and quantification, which consistently achieves high recall rates without losing precision by combining multiple circRNA detection methods. In our benchmark analysis, CirComPara2 outperformed state-of-the-art circRNA discovery tools and proved to be a reliable and robust method for comprehensive transcriptome characterization.
echolocatoR: an automated end-to-end statistical and functional genomic fine-mapping pipeline
Authors: Schilder Brian M , Humphrey Jack , Raj Towfique 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSummaryecholocatoR integrates a diverse suite of statistical and functional fine-mapping tools to identify, test enrichment in, and visualize high-confidence causal consensus variants in any phenotype. It requires minimal input from users (a summary statistics file), can be run in a single R function, and provides extensive access to relevant datasets (e.g. reference linkage disequilibrium panels, quantitative trait loci, genome-wide annotations, cell-type-specific epigenomics), thereby enabling rapid, robust and scalable end-to-end fine-mapping investigations.Availability and implementationecholocatoR is an open-source R package available through GitHub under the GNU General Public License (Version 3) license: https://github.com/RajLabMSSM/echolocatoR.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Comparing mRNA and sncRNA profiles during the maternal-to-embryonic transition in bovine IVF and scNT embryos
Authors: Cuthbert Jocelyn M , Russell Stewart J , Polejaeva Irina A , Meng Qinggang , White Kenneth L , Benninghoff Abby D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Production of embryos with high developmental competence by somatic cell nuclear transfer (scNT) is far less efficient than for in vitro fertilized (IVF) embryos, likely due to an accumulation of errors in genome reprogramming that results in aberrant expression of RNA transcripts, including messenger RNAs (mRNA) and, possibly, microRNAs (miRNA). Thus, our objectives were to use RNAseq to determine the dynamics of mRNA expression in early developing scNT and IVF embryos in the context of the maternal-to-embryonic transition (MET) and to correlate apparent transcriptional dysregulation in cloned embryos with miRNA expression profiles. Comparisons between scNT and IVF embryos indicated large scale transcriptome differences, which were most evident at the 8-cell and morula stages for genes associated with biological functions critical for the MET. For two miRNAs previously identified as differentially expressed in scNT morulae, miR-34a and miR-345, negative correlations with some predicted mRNA targets were apparent, though not widespread among the majority of predicted targets. Moreover, although large-scale aberrations in expression of mRNAs were evident during the MET in cattle scNT embryos, these changes were not consistently correlated with aberrations in miRNA expression at the same developmental stage, suggesting that other mechanisms controlling gene expression may be involved.