bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lyapunov optimization machine learning resource allocation approach for uplink underlaid D2D communication in 5G networks
Authors: Pandey Krishna , Arya Rajeev 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDevice‐to‐device (D2D) communication plays a vital role in communication technologies with resource management and power control, which are the major issues for researchers in the era of 2020. In 5G networks, machine learning algorithms play a crucial role to manage these issues. In the proposed work, the problem is formulated for the uplink underlaid model of D2D communication. The Lyapunov optimization technique is utilized with a combination of machine learning techniques for resource allocation in D2D communication. First, the maximization of uplink and overall system capacity is formulated with resource management, which guarantees the signal to interference noise ratio for the D2D users. The optimization is a mixed integer non‐linear problem which uses the Lyapunov optimization method to optimize the bit error rate value and iterative algorithm to optimize the power value with different constraints. After attaining the optimized value, the support vector machine technique is utilized to ensure the spectral efficiency of an overall system in autonomous mode. Simulation results show that the proposed method provides higher reliability and power efficiency with higher system capacity in comparison to prevailing technologies.
Confirming NGC 6231 as the parent cluster of the runaway high-mass X-ray binary HD 153919/4U 1700-37 withGaiaDR2
Authors: van der Meij Vincent , Guo Difeng , Kaper Lex , Renzo Mathieu 
Published: July 2021

Context.A significant fraction (10–20%) of the most massive stars move through space with a high (v ≳ 30 km s−1) velocity. One of the possible physical explanations is that a supernova in a compact binary system results in a high recoil velocity of the system. If the system remains bound, it can be subsequently observed as a spectroscopic binary (SB1), a high-mass X-ray binary, a compact binary, and finally a gravitational-wave event.Aims.If such a system is traced back to its parent cluster, binary evolution models can be tested in great detail.Methods.TheGaiaproper motions and parallaxes are used to demonstrate that the high-mass X-ray binary HD 153919/4U 1700-37 originates from NGC 6231, the nucleus of the OB association Sco OB1.Results.The O supergiant and its compact companion, of which the physical nature (a neutron star or a black hole) is unknown, move with a space velocity of 63 ± 5 km s−1with respect to NGC 6231. The kinematical age of the system is 2.2 ± 0.1 Myr. The parallaxes and accurate proper motions inGaiaDR2 were used to perform a membership analysis of NGC 6231; 273 members are identified, of which 268 have good quality photometry. The distance to NGC 6231 is 1.63 ± 0.15 kpc. Isochrone fitting results in an age of 4.7 ± 0.4 Myr and an extinctionAVto the cluster of 1.7 ± 0.1. With the identification of NGC 6231 as the parent cluster, the upper limit on the age of the progenitor of 4U1700-37 at the moment of the supernova explosion is 3.0 ± 0.5 Myr.Conclusions.With these constraints, the evolutionary history of the system can be reconstructed with an initial mass of the progenitor of the compact object > 60M⊙. The high mass, the extreme mass ratio, and short orbital separation of the system make it difficult to produce possible progenitor systems through population synthesis. We propose that the system experienced a Case A mass transfer phase before the supernova, which typically widens a binary. In order to create a progenitor system that does not merge, a lot of angular momentum must be lost from the system during the phase of mass transfer and/or an asymmetry in the supernova explosion provides a kick resulting in the observed orbital parameters. Given its current high space velocity and the derived evolutionary history, the compact object in the system is more likely to have received a large natal kick, which suggests that it is more likely a neutron star than a black hole. HD 153919/4U1700-37 might be a prototype in the Milky Way for the progenitor of gravitational wave events such as GW190412.
Operative Therapiemöglichkeiten in der Lymphologie
Authors: Schmitz Deborah , Beier Justus P. , Boos Anja M. 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Lymphgefäßsystem ist essenziell für den Rücktransport interstitieller Flüssigkeit aus dem Gewebe zurück in den Blutkreislauf. Bei Störungen des komplexen Netzwerkes kommt es zur Ausbildung von Ödemen und der Ansammlung und Ablagerung von Proteinen und Lipiden in der betroffenen Region. Obwohl das Lymphsystem schon seit Jahrhunderten Gegenstand der Forschung ist, haben lymphologische Krankheitsbilder wie das Lymphödem als mögliche Folge onkologischer Therapien erst in den vergangenen Jahren an Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen. So liegt die Inzidenz des sekundären Lymphödems, das durch traumatische, infektiöse oder iatrogene Schädigung auftritt, zwischen 0,13 und 2 % und betrifft meist Frauen. Auch das davon abzugrenzende Lipödem ist in den letzten Jahren zunehmend in den Fokus der Öffentlichkeit gerückt. Beide Erkrankungen können mit einer schmerzhaften Umfangsvermehrung, einer beruflichen und alltäglichen Einschränkung und einer Reduktion der Lebensqualität einhergehen. Neben der klinischen Untersuchung und Anamnese gewinnen neue bildgebende Verfahren eine zunehmende Bedeutung zur Verbesserung der Diagnosestellung, Stadieneinteilung und Therapieplanung, wenngleich immer noch oftmals Monate bis Jahre bis zur korrekten Diagnosestellung vergehen. Während konservative Therapiemethoden wie die komplexe physikalische Entstauungstherapie weiterhin die Grundlage der Behandlung bilden, kommen zunehmend auch operative Verfahren bei der Therapie des Lymphödems zum Einsatz. Hierbei unterscheidet man die reduzierenden Verfahren, die hauptsächlich auf die Symptomreduktion abzielen, von den rekonstruktiven Verfahren zur Wiederherstellung des Lymphsystems mittels mikrochirurgischer Techniken. Nachfolgend werden verschiedene operative Therapiemöglichkeiten in der Lymphologie dargestellt.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Aryl Migratory/Decarbonylation of Diaryl Ketones via the Activation of Unstrained C–C Bonds
Authors: Yu Tian-Yang , Lu Hong , Qi Xiu-Juan , Wei Hao , Shao Peng-Cheng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA Rh-catalyzed aryl migratory/decarbonylation of unstrained ketones has been developed. This viable transformation provides a complementary decarbonylative method using diaryl ketones to afford a variety of alkenylated heterocycles in good yields with moderate to good stereoselectivity and broad substrate scope. The synthetic utility of this protocol is also demonstrated by the conversion of the alkenylated heterocycles to tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives.
Simultaneous Cranioplasty and External Ventricular Drain Implantation in Patients with Hydrocephalus: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: de Macêdo Lívio Pereira , Netto Arlindo Ugulino , Franke Kauê , Eugenio Pierre Vansant Oliveira , Rocha John Anderson da Silva , Júnior Glaudir Donato Pinto , Medeiros João Pedro Maia , Maricevich Juan Pablo Borges Rodrigues , Almeida Nivaldo S. , Azevedo-Filho Hildo Rocha Cirne 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction The increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) is a neurological complication resulting from numerous pathologies that affect the brain and its compartments. Therefore, decompressive craniectomy (DC) is an alternative adopted to reduce ICP in emergencies, especially in cases refractory to clinical therapies, in favor of patient survival. However, DC is associated with several complications, including hydrocephalus (HC). The present study presents the results of an unusual intervention to this complication: the implantation of an external ventricular drain (EVD) in the intraoperative period of cranioplasty (CP).
Methods Patients of both genders who presented with HC and externalization of the brain through the cranial vault after decompressive hemicraniectomy and underwent EVD implantation, to allow the CP procedure, in the same surgical procedure, were included.
Results Five patients underwent DC due to a refractory increase in ICP, due to automobile accidents, firearm projectiles, falls from stairs, and ischemic strokes. All evolved with HC. There was no uniform time interval between DC and CP. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was drained according to the need for correction of cerebral herniation in each patient, before undergoing cranioplasty. All patients progressed well, without neurological deficits in the immediate postoperative period.
Conclusion There are still several uncertainties about the management of HC resulting from DC. In this context, other CP strategies simultaneous to the drainage of CSF, not necessarily related to ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS), should be considered and evaluated more deeply, in view of the verification of efficacy in procedures of this scope, such as the EVD addressed in this study.
Infantile Galactosialidosis with Novel Mutation: An Early Presentation
Authors: Sharma Sonia , Gupta Shailesh , Mehta A. P. , Sidana Poonam 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGalactosialidosis (GS) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder. We reported here, the case of a 29-day-old boy who had increased body swelling, difficulty breathing, and petechiae on the trunk since birth. The antenatal history was unremarkable. Clinical laboratory findings included coarse facies, hepatosplenomegaly, gross ascites, thrombocytopenia, nephrotic range proteinuria, and bilateral hydronephrosis. The diagnostic challenge was resolved after genetic testing, which revealed GS with a novel homozygous c.1158dupA mutation.
Neurodevelopmental Profile in Children Affected by Ocular Albinism
Authors: Galli Jessica , Loi Erika , Morandi Alessandra , Scaglioni Vera , Rossi Andrea , Molinaro Anna , Pasini Nadia , Semeraro Francesco , Ruberto Giulio , Fazzi Elisa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to detail the neurodevelopmental profile of subjects affected by ocular albinism (OA) and to collect data on GPR143 gene analysis.
Design The design of the study involves a retrospective longitudinal observational case series.
Methods We collected data on the neurodevelopmental profile of 13 children affected by OA from clinical annual assessments conducted for a period of 6 years after the first evaluation. We described visual profile, neuromotor development and neurological examination, cognitive profile, communication and language skills and behavioral characteristics. The GPR143 gene analysis was performed as well.
Results Children presented a variable combination of ocular and oculomotor disorders unchanged during the follow-up, a deficit in visual acuity and in contrast sensitivity that progressively improved. Abnormalities in pattern visual evoked potential were found. No deficits were detected at neurological examination and neuromotor development except for a mild impairment in hand-eye coordination observed in five cases. A language delay was observed in five cases, two of whom had also a developmental quotient delay at 2 years evolving to a borderline/deficit cognitive level at preschool age, difficulties in adaptive behavior and autistic-like features were found. Mutations in the GPR143 gene were identified in the two patients who presented the most severe clinical phenotype.
Conclusion Children with OA may share, in addition to a variable combination of ocular signs and symptoms, a neurodevelopment impairment regarding mostly the cognitive, communicative, and social area, especially those with GPR143 mutation.
Risk Factors for Neonatal Sepsis in Secondary and Tertiary Care Hospitals of a District in Sri Lanka: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Jayasinghe Chintha , Abeysena Chrishantha 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for neonatal sepsis.
Methods A case–control study was performed in secondary and tertiary care hospitals of a district in Sri Lanka. Neonates who diagnosed with sepsis based on clinical criteria or culture positivity were taken as the case group (n = 240) and neonates born during the same period who had not been diagnosed with sepsis were taken as the control group (n = 240). The controls were recruited from the community. The study instruments were, pretested interviewer administered questionnaire, a check list and record sheets. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. The results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with the 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results The independent risk factors for neonatal sepsis were history of abortions, still birth, and early neonatal deaths (OR: 6.78; 95% CI: 3.2–14.3), registration of pregnancy after 8 weeks of gestation (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.07–3.4), total antenatal clinic visits ≤4 (OR: 7.18; 95% CI: 2.1–24.5), history of maternal fever prior to the week of delivery (OR: 2.74; 95% CI: 1.25–6.0) leaking amniotic fluid >18 hours (OR: 10.0; 95% CI: 2.1–47.4), performed >3 vaginal examinations before delivery (OR: 3.28; 95% CI: 2.1–24.5), meconium stained amniotic fluid (OR: 10.57; 95% CI: 3.7–29.7), mode of delivery by cesarean section, forceps or vacuum (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.4–3.9), time of birth of the neonate being during on-call hours (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.3–3.5), being a male baby (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.1–2.8), and birth weight <2,500 g (OR: 5.17; 95% CI: 2.8–9.6) of neonates.
Conclusion Most of the identified risk factors for neonatal sepsis were modifiable. Stringent implementation of guidelines and protocols would prevent neonatal sepsis.
The Merits of the External Rhinoplasty
Authors: Gantous Andres , Ziai Hedyeh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe authors present their views on the merits of external rhinoplasty in the context of a renewed awareness of the endonasal approach. Why do we continue to perform rhinoplasty via an open approach? The benefits of this technique such as its unparalleled exposure, the opportunity for technical precision, and the ability to better preserve nasal function are thoroughly explored. The criticisms of this technique are presented and discussed. The authors thoughts on rhinoplasty as a whole are examined.
Study of Bone Marrow Lymphocyte Subset in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Dange Prasad , Tyagi Seema , Juneja Richa , Seth Tulika , Saxena Renu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogenous disorder consisting of clonal expansion of myeloblasts. Tumor immunity plays an important part in the pathobiology of AML. Understanding the components of tumor immunity is important for understanding tumor pathogenesis and the principles of immunotherapy.
Methods We studied 41 patients with AML, for total lymphocyte, CD4 positive helper T cells, CD8 positive cytotoxic T cells, and CD16/56 positive natural killer (NK) cells proportion. Quantification was done on bone marrow aspirate sample by flowcytometry. Whenever available, post induction bone marrow was also analyzed for the lymphocyte subset.
Results No significant difference was noted in the percentage of blasts among the three risk categories: favorable, intermediate, and adverse. However, there was significant difference in the total lymphocyte among the risk stratification groups, being highest in the favorable group and lowest in the adverse group. CD8 positive cytotoxic T cells were significantly less in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APML) cases (p = 0.001). Total lymphocytes were, however, more numerous in APML (p = 0.005). NK cell proportion was not significantly different between APML and non-APML patients.On completion of induction chemotherapy, bone marrow samples for 12 patients could be processed for lymphocyte subset. On comparing the baseline against the post induction bone marrow, it was observed that there was significant increment in the proportion of CD4 positive T lymphocytes (p = 0.046).
Conclusion There is a difference in lymphocyte subset amongst patients with AML. Larger studies including functional aspects are needed to better define the role of lymphocytes in disease pathogenesis.
Enhancement and manipulation of the thermoelectric properties of n-type argyrodite Ag8SnSe6 with ultralow thermal conductivity by controlling the carrier concentration through Ta doping
Authors: Namiki Hiromasa , Yahisa Daisuke , Kobayashi Masahiro , Shono Atsushi , Hayashi Hideo 
Published: July 2021

N-type argyrodite Ag8SnSe6 shows great potential as a novel thermoelectric material from room to middle temperatures. However, its thermoelectric properties cannot be manipulated because of the difficulty in controlling the carrier concentration by electron doping. In this study, to discover a suitable dopant for controlling the carrier concentration, we used Ta5+, Mo6+, and W6+ as dopants for Sn4+ in n-type Ag8SnSe6. Only Ta-doped Ag8SnSe6 was obtained as a single phase, and the thermoelectric properties relevant to the carrier concentration of n-type Ag8Sn1−xTaxSe6 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) were experimentally investigated. The lattice thermal conductivities were ultralow (around 0.5 W m−1 K−1) and showed glass-like behavior independent of the temperature. The carrier concentration monotonically increased with increasing x. The power factor and dimensionless figure of merit ZT were related to the value of x, and they showed dome-like behavior as a function of x. The power factors of Ag8Sn1−xTaxSe6 in the orthorhombic phase at 300 K and superionic phase at 390 K reached ∼5.3 µW cm−1 K−2 for x = 0.0375 and ∼4.6 µW cm−1 K−2 for x = 0.05, respectively. The ZT values of ∼0.28 for x = 0.025 in the orthorhombic phase at 300 K and ∼0.51 for x = 0.0375 in the superionic phase at 390 K were ∼40% and ∼220% higher than those of non-doped Ag8SnSe6. Therefore, Ta doping of Ag8SnSe6 can control the carrier concentration and result in enhancement and manipulation of the thermoelectric properties.
Clinical evidence that a dysregulated master neural network modulator may aid in diagnosing schizophrenia
Authors: Nomoto Munetaka , Konopaske Glenn T. , Yamashita Naoya , Aoki Reina , Jitsuki-Takahashi Aoi , Nakamura Haruko , Makihara Hiroko , Saito Mari , Saigusa Yusuke , Nakamura Fumio , Watanabe Keisuke , Baba Toshihiko , Benes Francine M. , Tobe Brian T. D. , Pernia Cameron D. , Coyle Joseph T. , Sidman Richard L. , Hirayasu Yoshio , Snyder Evan Y. , Goshima Yoshio 
Published: July 2021

SignificanceThere are no biomarkers for schizophrenia (SCZ), a disorder of dysfunctional neural networks. We demonstrate that a master regulator of cytoskeleton (“CRMP2”) and, hence, neural circuitry, may form the basis for such a biomarker because its activity is uniquely imbalanced in SCZ patients. We show that SCZ patients are characterized by an excess of active CRMP2 not only in their brains (where it is correlated with dendritic abnormalities) but also in their peripheral blood lymphocytes. The abundance of active CRMP2 and insufficiency of opposing inactive p-CRMP2 likely disrupts neuronal function. Because peripheral blood CRMP2 appears to reflect intracerebral processes, it could form the basis of a rapid, minimally invasive, sensitive, and specific clinical diagnostic aid for SCZ in young patients.
A functional mammalian display screen identifies rare antibodies that stimulate NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity
Authors: Kang Emily , Kadoch Cigall , Rubenstein James L. , Lanier Lewis L. , Wells James A. 
Published: July 2021

Significance
We have developed a method to screen for antibodies that can induce natural killer (NK) cell–mediated cytotoxicity. NK cells have the innate ability to identify and kill target cells. Antibodies that bind to NK cell surface proteins are anchored to the cell surface of a target cell line and probed for their abilities to stimulate NK cytotoxicity. Target cells displaying antibodies that induce NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity are depleted from the antibody pool. Because the antibodies are based on the same scaffold, antibodies on surviving target cells can be identified through next generation sequencing of complementarity determining region H3. This method facilitates the identification of antibodies that can stimulate immune cell activation and may be used to desig immunotherapies.
Impact of the laser spatio-temporal shape on Breit–Wheeler pair production
Authors: Mercuri-Baron A , Grech M , Niel F , Grassi A , Lobet M , Di Piazza A , Riconda C 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The forthcoming generation of multi-petawatt lasers opens the way to abundant pair production by the nonlinear Breit–Wheeler process, i.e. the decay of a photon into an electron–positron pair inside an intense laser field. In this paper we explore the optimal conditions for Breit–Wheeler pair production in the head-on collision of a laser pulse with gamma photons. The role of the laser peak intensity versus the focal spot size and shape is examined keeping a constant laser energy to match experimental constraints. A simple model for the soft-shower case, where most pairs originate from the decay of the initial gamma photons, is derived. This approach provides us with a semi-analytical model for more complex situations involving either Gaussian or Laguerre–Gauss (LG) laser beams. We then explore the influence of the order of the LG beams on pair creation. Finally we obtain the result that, above a given threshold, a larger spot size (or a higher order in the case of LG laser beams) is more favorable than a higher peak intensity. Our results match very well with three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations and can be used to guide upcoming experimental campaigns.
Tunneling STM/STS and break-junction spectroscopy of the Pb-doped Bi2223 superconductor
Authors: Sugimoto Akira , Ohtsubo Hironori , Matsumoto Kaito , Ishimitsu Satoru , Iwano Masatoshi , Ekino Toshikazu , Gabovich A M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The combined scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) and the break-junction tunneling spectroscopy (BJTS) measurements of the three-layered Pb
x
Bi2-x
Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+y cuprate superconductors were carried out. The averaged dI/dV spectrum obtained by the STS shows the gap Δ
STS
≈ 45 meV, while that of BJTS shows Δ
BJ
≈ 35 meV. In case of the BJTS measurements, we also referred the zero bias (ZB) peak as being due to the maximum Josephson current IJc
. The product of IJc
and normal resistance RN
(IJcRN
) was obtained IJcRN
≈ 3.5 mV at T = 11 K, which is one order lower than that of the BCS-based Ambegaokar-Baratoff theory with Δ
BJ
=35 meV taken into account. With increasing the temperature, the IJcRN
was reduced and vanished just below the Tc
(≈ 106 K), indicating the bulk superconductivity. Simultaneously, from the temperature dependence of the gap features from 80 K to 120 K, the gap Δ was shown to persist across the Tc
, indicating that the IJcRN
product is a significant parameter for understanding the cuprate superconductivity.
Influence of long-term exposure of high-density direct current on the current carrying ability of 2G HTSC tapes based on the REBCO
Authors: Veselova Svetlana , Osipov Maxim , Starikovskii Alexandr , Anishenko Irina , Pokrovskii Sergey , Abin Dmitriy , Rudnev Igor 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this work, the phenomena of electromigration in samples of HTSC tapes of the 2nd generation was investigated. Samples of REBa2Cu3O7-x (REBCO, where RE is a rare earth element) were used in the form of a copper-plated tape. A superconducting bridge was preliminarily formed on the surface of the tape by the method of chemical etching (to decrease the total value of critical current). The sample was exposed by a direct current of I = 0.9Ic
. The duration of exposure was up to 350 hours. The value of the current density in the area of the bridge was J = 1.38×1010A/m2. The measurements were carried out at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K). The influence of the electric current flow on the value of the sample critical current is controlled at the selected time intervals. The experiment showed high stability of the tape under the specified conditions.