bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation of health culture student by fitness means
Authors: Yachnyk Maksym , Gorodynskyi Sergii , Semenko Alina 
Published: January 2021

The article presents the general provisions method of forming the student’s health culture by means of fitness in extracurricular activities in higher education. The fitness system has a branched environment with a number of fitness programs. Each of them consists of the means fitness characteristic - physical means of influencing the body. Theoretical and methodological justification of fitness integration will increase the student’s exercise level of physical fitness and interest, their physical development, health, socialization and self-determination.
The article shows the basic states student’s motives aged 17-22 and their interest in health classes, the formation of a culture of health by fitness means. However, the organization of extracurricular physical education student’s classes, purpose of which in addition to improving certain physical qualities is the formation of health culture has its own distinctive lynx, which requires the development of a separate method of forming health culture by means of fitness in extracurricular activities of higher education.
Based on the formulated principles, we have included to extracurricular activities program of those fitness tools that are most suitable for the student audience, can be used separately from one or another basic fitness program, not difficult to dose. The choice of such fitness means and organizational forms of extracurricular physical culture, health classes for students was determined by their functional necessity and rationality from a scientific point of view. Also took into account the personal wishes of the student age group, among which the dominant ones were changes in appearance, namely the correction of body volume by changing the ratio of muscle and fat tissue, following the fashion for certain fitness equipment. By combining physical and mental means of fitness into a single complex, in our opinion, it is possible to promote the formation of a culture health, purposefully managing the mental and physiological states of the body to achieve a harmonious physical, mental and spiritual state.
A JURISPRUDÊNCIA DO TRIBUNAL REGIONAL FEDERAL DA 3ª REGIÃO (TRF-3) E A INDENIZAÇÃO POR DANOS AMBIENTAIS MARINHOS CAUSADOS POR ÓLEO PROVENIENTE DA NAVEGAÇÃO NA ZONA COSTEIRA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Villar Pilar Carolina , Oliveira Rosana dos Santos , Oliveira Kleber Godoy de 
Published: January 2021

O Judiciário é o responsável por calcular o valor das indenizações ambientais civis por danos causados pelo lançamento de óleo decorrente da atividade da navegação. Dito isso, pretende-se analisar como o Tribunal Regional Federal da 3º Região (TRF3) calcula essas indenizações nos casos que ocorreram na região costeira do Estado de São Paulo, no período de 2015 a 2018. A metodologia é a análise documental da literatura e jurisprudência. O TRF3 tem afastado a aplicabilidade do método de valoração proposto pelo órgão ambiental estadual e o arbitramento das indenizações ocorre baseado na discricionariedade. Isso gera valores desproporcionais, pois derramamentos similares apresentam valores por litro distintos ou pequenos acidentes são penalizados com valores proporcionalmente superiores. A definição de paramêtros objetivos promoveriaceleridade e equidade nas decisões, beneficiando o ambiente e a sociedade.
‘Observable Signals’ of Motivation in Teaching-Learning Process
Authors: Azim Muhammad Umer , Hussain Zaheer , Munir Azhar , Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

The current study focuses on the identification of the ‘observable signals’ of motivation perceived by the language teachers in the teaching-learning process. This phenomenon is worth studying as it can open new dimensions for conducting research on motivation and engagement in the field of applied linguistics. It can be very helpful for teachers in assessing their students’ motivation. Data were collected for this phenomenological study through questionnaire, interviews and focus group discussion. The sample consisted of twenty-six English language teachers. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The ‘observable signals’ of motivation were categorized in the behavioral, emotional, and cognitive domains. The results identified that asking probing questions, eye contact, asking for extra resources, loving and respecting teachers, coming on time, completing classroom tasks quickly, enjoying group activities, and suggesting topics to teachers were comprised the ‘observable signals’ of motivation. The majority of the teachers agreed on observing most of these signals. Teachers can use these signals to assess the motivation of their learners and future researchers can use the findings of this research for conducting further research.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION TERHADAP KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR DAN HASIL BELAJAR PELAJARAN EKONOMI
Authors: Wijayanti Retno Dwi , Lestari Sri 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keaktifan belajar dan hasil belajar siswa kelas X IPA MAN 1 Banyumas yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division dengan siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division terhadap keaktifan belajar dan hasil belajar, serta pengaruh keaktifan belajar terhadap hasil belajar mata pelajaran ekonomi.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimen. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah Purpossive Sampling, dengan jumlah sampel 61 siswa yang terbagi dalam dua kelas yaitu kelas kontrol dan kelas ekperimen. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan t-Test dan regresi linier sederhana.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut : (1) Terdapat perbedaan keaktifan belajar antara siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division dengan siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional; (2) Terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division dengan siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional; (3) Terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division terhadap keaktifan belajar; (4) Terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division terhadap hasil belajar siswa; (5) Terdapat pengaruh keaktifan belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
Kata kunci: Model Pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division, Keaktifan Belajar, dan Hasil Belajar.
The Influenceof Oldan Iron Fish Trap Immersion On Fish Catches In Lake Kerinci Jambi Province
Authors: Lisna Lisna 
Published: January 2021

Desa Koto Petai adalah salah satu desa yang berada di dekat Danau Kerinci tepatnya di Kecamatan Danau Kerinci, aktivitas penangkapan di Koto Petai dilakukan pada pagi dan malam hari sesuai dengan alat tangkap yang digunakan masyarakat setempat. Alat tangkap yang terdapat di desa Koto Petai adalah tangkul/ pesap, jaring insang, jala, bagan tancap dan bubu/lukah.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil tangkapan ikan nila dan mengetahui komposisi hasil tangkapan berupa berat, jumlah dan jenis ikan yang tertangkap terhadap lama perendaman bubu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode experimental fishing dan analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Hasil penelitian pada analisis ragam menunjukan bahwa perlakuan lama perendaman tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap rataan berat keseluruhan hasil tangkapan, sedangkan untuk hasil tangkapan ikan nila tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap lama perendaman dan hasil uji Duncan menunjukkan bahwa berat hasil tangkapan perendaman 8 jam tidal berbeda nyata (P>0.05) dari perendaman 10 jam dan perendaman 12 jam. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakaukan disimpulkan bahwa lama perendaman bubu besi selama 8 jam menghasilkan tangkapan lebih optimal dengan ikan yang banyak tertangkap adalah ikan nila.
Pengaruh Metode Hypnolearning Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Arab Siswa Kelas VIII MTS. Darussalam Impa-Impa
Authors: Mahendra Yusril Ihza , Bunyamin Andi , Nengsi Ratika 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Asosiatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh metode hypnolearning terhadap prestasi belajar Bahasa Arab siswa kelas VIII MTs Darussalam Impa-Impa Kabupaten Wajo. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII MTs Darussalam Impa-Impa tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 semester genap sebanyak 36 siswa yang terdiri dari 16 laki-laki dan 20 perempuan. Penelitian dilaksanakan memalui lima tahapan yaitu , Identifikasi Masalah , Tes Diagnostik , klasifikasi kelas, Hypnoterapi/Hypnolearning,, Tes Prestasi, Refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, tes, angket, dan dokumentasi. Menganalisis data dengan analisis kuantitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari analisis kuantatif adalah pengaruh yang signifikan antara metode hypnolearning dengan prestasi belajar pada mata pelajaran bahasa arab yang ditandai dengan siswa memperhatikan penjelasan pada saat kegiatan belajar mengajar, keatiktifan dalam bertanya, berani menyampaikan pendapat, antusias mengerjakan tugas , serta kemampuan dalam menjawab pentanyaan dengan persentase prestasi belajar 82,6 %. jadi isimpulkan bahwa terpengaruh yang signifikan metode Hynolearning pada prestasi belajar Bahasa Arab siswa MTs Darussalam Impa-Impa Kabupaten Wajo.
COVID-19 and the Heart: A Systematic Review of Cardiac Autopsies
Authors: Roshdy Ashraf , Zaher Shroque , Fayed Hossam , Coghlan John Gerry 
Published: January 2021

Importance: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-associated cardiac injury has been postulated secondary to several mechanisms. While tissue diagnosis is limited during the acute illness, postmortem studies can help boost our understanding and guide management.Objective: To report the cardiac tissue autopsy findings in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) decedents.Evidence Review: Articles published in PubMed and Embase reporting postmortem cardiac pathology of COVID-19 decedents till September 2020. We included adult studies excluding preprints. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports was used to assess quality. We extracted gross and histology data as well as the incidence of myocarditis, cardiac ischemia, thrombosis, and dilatation. We also looked at the reported cause of death (PROSPERO registration CRD42020190898).Findings: Forty-one relevant studies identified including 316 cases. The deceased were mostly male (62%) and elderly (median age, 75; range, 22–97 years). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (48%) and coronary artery disease (33%). Cardiac pathologies contributed to the death of 15 cases. Besides chronic cardiac pathologies, postmortem examination demonstrated cardiac dilatation (20%), acute ischemia (8%), intracardiac thrombi (2.5%), pericardial effusion (2.5%), and myocarditis (1.5%). SARS-CoV-2 was detected within the myocardium of 47% of studied hearts.Conclusions and Relevance: SARS-CoV-2 can invade the heart, but a minority of cases were found to have myocarditis. Cardiac dilatation, ischemia, mural, and microthrombi were the most frequent findings. The systematic review was limited by the small number of cases and the quality of the studies, and there is a need to standardize the cardiac postmortem protocols.
Morphotectonic Analysis of the East Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Dyriw Nicholas J. , Bryan Scott E. , Richards Simon W. , Parianos John M. , Arculus Richard J. , Gust David A. 
Published: January 2021

Backarc basin systems are important sites of extension leading to crustal rupture where basin development typically occurs in rifting phases (or stages) with the final successful stages identified by the formation of spreading ridges and new oceanic crust. The East Manus Basin is a young (&lt;1 Ma), active, rapidly rifting backarc basin in a complex tectonic setting at the confluence of the oblique convergence of the Australian and Pacific plates. Here we undertake the first comprehensive spatial-temporal morphotectonic description and interpretation of the East Manus Basin including a link to the timing of, and tectonic controls on, the formation of seafloor massive sulfide mineralization. Key seafloor datasets used in the morphotectonic analysis include multi-resolution multibeam echosounder seafloor data and derivatives. Morphotectonic analysis of these data defines three evolutionary phases for the East Manus Basin. Each phase is distinguished by a variation in seafloor characteristics, volcano morphology and structural features: Phase 1 is a period of incipient extension of existing arc crust with intermediate to silicic volcanism; Phase 2 evolves to crustal rifting with effusive, flat top volcanoes with fissures; and Phase 3 is a nascent organized half-graben system with axial volcanism and seafloor spreading. The morphotectonic analysis, combined with available age constraints, shows that crustal rupture can occur rapidly (within ∼1 Myr) in backarc basins but that the different rift phases can become abandoned and preserved on the seafloor as the locus of extension and magmatism migrates to focus on the ultimate zone(s) of crustal rupture. Consequently, the spatial-temporal occurrence of significant Cu-rich seafloor massive sulfide mineralization can be constrained to the transition from Phase 1 to Phase 2 within the East Manus Basin. Mineralizing hydrothermal systems have utilized interconnected structural zones developed during these phases. This research improves our understanding of the early evolution of modern backarc systems, including the association between basin evolution and spatial-temporal formation of seafloor massive sulfide deposits, and provides key morphotectonic relationships that can be used to help interpret the evolution of paleo/fossilized backarc basins found in fold belts and accreted terrains around the world.
Additive Effects of VDBP and 1,25(OH)2D3 on the Viability and Apoptosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts
Authors: Zhang Yeyong , Li Shufeng , Zhuo Feng , Wang Hongxing , Geng Xiubin , Xu Bing , Yin Luxu , Sun Huaqiang , Yan Xinfeng 
Published: January 2021

AimThis study is to investigate the additive effect of Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) and 1,25(OH)2D3 on the viability and apoptosis of synovial cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsSynovial tissues and synovial fluid of patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA) were collected. The expression of VDBP was analyzed with immunohistochemistry and ELISA. CCK-8 assay was applied to detect cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle and apoptosis.ResultsImmunohistochemical results showed that the expression of VDBP in the synovium of RA patients was significantly lower than that of OA (P&lt;0.05). Similarly, ELISA results presented a lower expression of VDBP in the synovial fluid of RA patients. The results of CCK-8 assay showed that both 1,25(OH)2D3 and VDBP significantly inhibited the viability of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASF) (P&lt;0.05). The treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3+VDBP led to more significantly inhibited viability of RASF, compared with 1,25(OH)2D3 alone (P&lt;0.05). The results of flow cytometry showed that 1,25(OH)2D3 and VDBP both promoted the apoptosis of RASF (P&lt;0.05) and 1,25(OH)2D3+VDBP led to a higher proportion of RASF apoptosis, compared with 1,25(OH)2D3 alone (P&lt;0.05). However, 1,25(OH)2D3 and VDBP had no significant effect on the cell cycle of RASF. Additionally, 1,25(OH)2D3 promoted the expression of VDBP in RASF, but not concentration-dependently.ConclusionVDBP is reduced in the synovial tissue and synovial fluid of RA patients and can inhibit viability of RASF and promote the apoptosis of RASF. The 1,25(OH)2D3 can upregulate the expression of VDBP in RASF. Additionally, VDBP can enhance the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on viability and apoptosis of RASF.
A Novel Glycolysis-Related Four-mRNA Signature for Predicting the Survival of Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Xiaolu , Wang Jia , Zhuang Jing , Liu Cun , Gao Chundi , Li Huayao , Ma Xiaoran , Li Jie , Sun Changgang 
Published: January 2021

Background: Glycolysis is critical in the occurrence and development of tumors. Owing to the biological and clinical heterogeneity of patients with BRCA, the traditional predictive classification system is far from satisfactory. Survival and prognosis biomarkers related to glycolysis have broad application prospects for assessing the risk of patients and guiding their individualized treatment.Methods: The mRNA expression profiles and clinical information of patients with BRCA were obtained from TCGA database, and glycolysis-related genes were obtained by GSEA. Patients with BRCA were randomly divided into the training cohort and testing cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to establish and validate a new mRNA signature for predicting the prognosis of patients with BRCA.Results: We established a four-gene breast cancer prediction signature that included PGK1, SDHC, PFKL, and NUP43. The patients with BRCA in the training cohort and testing cohort were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the signature. The AUC values were 0.74 (training cohort), 0.806 (testing cohort) and 0.769 (entire cohort), thereby showing that the prediction performance of the signature is acceptable. Additionally, Cox regression analysis revealed that four-gene signature could independently predict the prognosis of BRCA patients without being affected by clinical factors.Conclusion: We constructed a four-gene signature to predict the prognosis of patients with BRCA. This signature will aid in the early diagnosis and personalized treatment of breast cancer, but the specific associated biological mechanism requires further study.
Mortality Benefit of Remdesivir in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bansal Vikas , Mahapure Kiran S. , Bhurwal Abhishek , Gupta Ishita , Hassanain Sahar , Makadia Janaki , Madas Nimisha , Armaly Paige , Singh Romil , Mehra Ishita , O'Horo John C. , Kashyap Rahul 
Published: January 2021

Importance/Background: During current public health emergency of COVID-19 pandemic, repurposing of existing antiviral drugs may be an efficient strategy since there is no proven effective treatment. Published literature shows Remdesivir has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against numerous RNA viruses and has been recently recognized as a promising therapy against SARS-CoV-2.Methods: A systematic search was conducted for full length manuscripts published between inception and July 19th, 2020 focussing on efficacy and safety of Remdesivir in COVID-19. The primary outcomes were defined as mortality rate and median days to recovery based on the available pooled data. The secondary outcome was adverse events rate and drug discontinuation rate.Statistical Analysis: All outcomes were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software package (Bio stat, Englewood, NJ, USA).Results: A total of 1,895 patients from 9 studies were included in this qualitative synthesis. In patients treated with Remdesivir, the mean recovery time was 15.84 days (95% CI 11.68–20, SE 2.12; I2 = 97.24) and the pooled mortality rate was 11.3% (95% CI 7.9–16%; I2 = 74.85). However, treatment with Remdesivir was associated with adverse effects (55.3%, 95% CI 31.5–76.9%; I2 = 97.66) eventually warranting the discontinuation of the drug (17.8%, 95% CI 8.6–33.1%; I2 = 95.64). The meta-analysis of three clinical trials indicated that administration of Remdesivir significantly reduces the mortality compared to the placebo (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.58–0.84, p ≤ 0.001; I2 = 16.6).Conclusions and Relevance: The result of contemporary meta-analysis suggests mortality benefit with Remdesivir in COVID-19 and median recovery time was over 2 weeks. The pooled mortality with Remdesivir was found to be very low, and this analysis can shed light on this potential treatment for COVID-19 patients.
Low-Density Granulocytes Affect T-SPOT.TB Assay by Inhibiting the Production of Interferon-γ in T Cells via PD-L1/PD-1 Pathway
Authors: Rao Jiayue , Su Rigu , Peng Yiping , Guo Yang , Huang Zikun , Ye Yutao , Gao Yujie , Liu Jun , Zhang Lu , Luo Qing , Li Junming 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundT-SPOT TB (T-SPOT) assay is widely used for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that is based on the detection of M. tuberculosis-specific interferon-γ-secreting T cells (ISCs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Recently, high frequencies of low-density granulocytes (LDGs) were found in the PBMCs of tuberculosis patients. Whether these LDGs affect the detection of T-SPOT has not been investigated. The impact of LDGs on T-SPOT assay and related mechanism were investigated in this study.MethodsThe correlations between the frequencies of LDGs and the results of T-SPOT were analyzed. T-SPOT with LDG-removed PBMCs and PBMCs with exogenous addition of LDGs were performed. The possible mechanism was explored by detecting the levels of negative immune regulatory molecules on LDGs. The impact of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on T-SPOT was evaluated and confirmed by function blocking with neutralizing antibody.ResultsThe positive rates of T-SPOT and ISCs in tuberculosis patients with low LDGs frequency (n = 22) were significantly higher than those with high LDGs frequency (n = 39). Removal or exogenous addition of LDGs significantly increased or decreased the ISCs and the positive rate of T-SPOT. The frequencies of interferon-γ-producing T cells were negatively correlated with the frequencies of LDGs. The expression of PD-L1 was significantly elevated on LDGs. Pretreatment of LDGs with anti-PD-L1 antibody significantly counteracted the impact of LDGs on T-SPOT. Treatment of PBMCs with anti-PD-L1 antibody resulted in comparable ISCs with that of LDG removal.ConclusionLDGs can inhibit the production of interferon-γ in T cells and decrease the positive rated of T-SPOT assay via highly expressed PD-L1.
Resting-State Cerebello-Cortical Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Palmer William C. , Cholerton Brenna A. , Zabetian Cyrus P. , Montine Thomas J. , Grabowski Thomas J. , Rane Swati 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Recently, the cerebellum's role in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been highlighted. Therefore, this study sought to test the hypothesis that functional connectivity (FC) between cerebellar and cortical nodes of the resting-state networks differentiates PD patients from controls by scanning participants at rest using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and investigating connectivity of the cerebellar nodes of the resting-state networks.Materials and Methods: Sixty-two PD participants off medication for at least 12 h and 33 normal controls (NCs) were scanned at rest using blood oxygenation level-dependent fMRI scans. Motor and cognitive functions were assessed with the Movement Disorder Society's Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, respectively. Connectivity was investigated with cerebellar seeds defined by Buckner's 7-network atlas.Results: PD participants had significant differences in FC when compared to NC participants. Most notably, PD patients had higher FC between cerebellar nodes of the somatomotor network (SMN) and the corresponding cortical nodes. Cognitive functioning was differentially associated with connectivity of the cerebellar SMN and dorsal attention network. Further, cerebellar connectivity of frontoparietal and default mode networks correlated with the severity of motor function.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates altered cerebello-cortical FC in PD, as well as an association of this FC with PD-related motor and cognitive disruptions, thus providing additional evidence for the cerebellum's role in PD.