bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distributed static output feedback control for interconnected systems in finite‐frequency domain
Authors: Chen Xuefeng , Xu Huiling , Wang Hui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper aims at designing a distributed static output feedback (DSOF) controller for the interconnected system in finite‐frequency domain. Motivated by the fact that the signal transmitting process is usually affected by surrounding environments, the interconnection communication between subsystems are assumed to be non‐ideal. By introducing some dilated multipliers into the extended condition that guarantees the well‐posedness, stability and finite‐frequency performance of non‐ideally interconnected systems, a new equivalent condition is derived, which is more effective for parameterizing the DSOF controller. A two‐stage approach is then developed for constructing a DSOF controller: design an initial distributed full information (DFI) controller first and then derive a desired DSOF from the DFI controller. Moreover, two iterative linear matrix inequality based algorithms are proposed to improve the solvability of the DFI controller and DSOF controller design problems. Finally, an example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed two‐stage DSOF controller design method.
A non‐linear adaptive excitation control scheme for feedback linearized synchronous generations in multimachine power systems
Authors: Roy Tushar Kanti , Mahmud Md. Apel , Shen Weixiang , Oo Amanullah Maung Than 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA new adaptive scheme is proposed in this paper to design excitation controllers for feedback linearized models of synchronous generators in multimachine power systems in order to ensure the stability during large disturbances. The proposed scheme uses speed deviations of synchronous generators, readily available measured physical properties of multimachine power systems, to make all generators within a power network as partially linearized as well as to provide more damping. An adaptive scheme is then used to estimate all unknown parameters which appear in the partial feedback linearizing excitation controllers in order to avoid parameter sensitivities of existing feedback linearization techniques. The overall stability of multimachine power systems is ensured through the excitation control and parameter adaptation laws. The Lyapunov stability theory is used to theoretically analyse the stability of multimachine power systems with the proposed scheme. Simulation studies are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed excitation control scheme for two different test systems by different operating conditions including short‐circuit faults on key locations along with variations in parameters for a large duration. Furthermore, comparative results are presented to highlight the superiority of the proposed adaptive partial feedback linearizing excitation control scheme over an existing partial feedback linearizing excitation controllers.
Contact resonance frequencies and their harmonics in scanning probe microscopy
Authors: Murillo‐Bracamontes Eduardo A. , Gervacio‐Arciniega Juan J. , Cruz‐Valeriano Edgar , Enríquez‐Flores Christian I. , Palomino‐Ovando Martha A. , Yañez‐Limón José M. , Siqueiros Jesús M. , Cruz M. Paz 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLocal characterizations of electric, magnetic, mechanical, electrochemical, and structural properties of materials by scanning probe microscopy (SPM) can be carried out by sensing variations of the contact cantilever's resonance frequencies, resulting in diverse microscopy techniques such as piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM) and piezomagnetic force microscopy (PmFM), to name a few. In this work, we provide a simple setup to determine such frequencies, together with the dynamic response of the SPM cantilever and its harmonics. The setup is less expensive when compared to the commercial versions and allows a better control of the in‐and‐out PFM. It is based on the use of the internal AC source of a lock‐in amplifier controlled by software developed in LabVIEW. In order to illustrate the utility of the contact resonance frequencies in the SPM, resonance‐PFM, PFM non‐linearities, discrimination of ferroelectric from non‐ferroelectric responses and PmFM measurements, and determination of the modulus of elasticity by AFAM are conducted.
Der geriatrische Traumapatient
Authors: Schütze Konrad , Gebhard Florian , Richter Peter H. 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDie prähospitale, stationäre und poststationäre Versorgung von immer mehr hochbetagten Patienten mit typischen alterstraumatologischen Frakturen stellt eine Herausforderung für Rettungsdienst, Krankenhäuser und Krankenkassen dar. Diese Herausforderungen in der Behandlung der alterstraumatologischen „Big Five“ soll im Fokus dieses Artikels stehen.
Die vier Schockformen – Teil 4: distributiver Schock
Authors: Jacko Tobias , Wunderl Martin , Tharmaratnam Gayathiri , Schebler Karoline , Hossfeld Björn , Gässler Holger 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDer distributive Schock ist die häufigste Art von Schock. Er wird verursacht durch eine relative Hypovolämie, die durch eine pathologische Umverteilung des intravaskulären Blutvolumens bedingt ist. Ein Grund dafür ist ein Verlust des Gefäßtonus mit Volumenverschiebung im Gefäßsystem. Ein weiterer Grund ist eine erhöhte Gefäßpermeabilität mit Volumenverschiebung in das Interstitium, auch Kapillarleck oder Capillary Leak genannt. Der distributive Schock wird in 3 Subtypen unterteilt: anaphylaktischer/anaphylaktoider, septischer und neurogener Schock.
Coarctation of the Aorta as a Rare Indirect Cause of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Adolescent: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Veldeman Michael , Höllig Anke , Clusmann Hans , Schubert Gerrit Alexander 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is rare in teenagers. We present the case of a 19-year-old woman with an aneurysmal SAH and four anterior circulation aneurysms. Due to the urgency of operative treatment, no initial conventional cerebral angiography was performed. The CT angiography depicted the aortic arch incompletely. The coarctation was discovered on day 5 after ictus in a cerebral angiography for vasospasm surveillance. We believe that in young SAH patients without an explainable predilection for aneurysm formation, imaging of the aortic arch during the initial CT angiography, not to miss a coarctation of the aorta, is highly recommended.
Positron Emission Tomography in Segmentectomy for cT1N0M0 Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nomori Hiroaki , Machida Yoichi , Yamazaki Ikuo , Honma Koichi , Otsuki Ayumu , Cong Yue , Sugimura Hiroshi , Oyama Yu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background This study was aimed to examine the significance of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in predicting prognosis after segmentectomy in lung cancer.
Methods This was a retrospective cohort study, including 227 patients with cT1N0M0 nonsmall cell lung cancer who underwent positron emission tomography followed by segmentectomy between 2012 and 2019. Significance of tumor histology, T-stage, tumor size, and standardized uptake value on positron emission tomography in relation to recurrence-free survival were examined using Cox's proportional hazard analysis. Median follow-up period was 56 months (range: 1–95 months).
Results Tumor stages were Tis in 25 patients, T1mi/T1a in 51, T1b in 98, and T1c in 53. Twenty-six patients (11%) experienced recurrences, including local (n = 8) and distant (n = 18). Multivariate analysis showed that the significant variables for recurrence-free survival were T-stage and standardized uptake value (p = 0.002 and 0.015, respectively), whereas tumor histology and tumor size were not significant (p = 0.28 and 0.44, respectively). When tumor size was divided into ≤2 cm and >2 cm for analysis, it was not significant again (p = 0.49), whereas standardized uptake value remained significant (p = 0.008). While standardized uptake value of tumors with recurrences was significantly higher than those without (4.9–2.8 and 2.6–2.5, respectively, p < 0.001), there was no significant difference between local and distant recurrences (p = 0.32). Cut-off value of standardized uptake value for recurrences was 3.2. Five-year recurrence-free survival rates in tumors with standardized uptake value <3.2 and ≥3.2 were 86 and 65%, respectively (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Positron emission tomography could predict the prognosis after segmentectomy better than tumor size.
Variable Genotype–Phenotype Correlation of Pompe's Disease Caused by a c.2015 G > A (p.Arg672Gln) Mutation in the GAA Gene
Authors: Tokatly Latzer Itay , Sagi Liora , Bali Deeksha Sarihyan , Rehder Catherine , Orbach Rotem , Fattal-Valevski Aviva 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPompe's disease occurs due to an autosomal recessive trait resulting from numerous distinctive mutations in the GAA gene. It manifests as a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes with progressive weakness that impairs motor and respiratory functions being common for all its forms. Cardiac hypertrophy is a prominent feature of its classic infantile form. To date, the pathogenic variant c.2015G > A (p.Arg672Gln) in exon 14 of the GAA gene has been described in 10 children of different ethnic groups, with variable phenotypic presentations. This work describes three children from two unrelated families of Arab ethnicity who presented with infantile-onset Pompe's disease as a result of a c.2015G > A (p.Arg672Gln) mutation. The clinical course of the children we report was more severe than previous reports. This further emphasizes the lack of a strict genotype–phenotype correlation in regard to the unique c.2015G > A (p.R672Q) mutation that causes Pompe's disease. This information contributes to the knowledge of the phenotypic expression of the specific mutation c.2015G > A (p.Arg672Gln) that causes Pompe's disease.
The outcome of 41 Late-Diagnosed Turkish GA-1 Patients: A Candidate for the Turkish NBS
Authors: Kılavuz Sebile , Bulut Derya , Kor Deniz , Şeker-Yılmaz Berna , Özcan Neslihan , Incecik Faruk , Onan Bilen , Ceylaner Gülay , Önenli-Mungan Neslihan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground Glutaric aciduria type 1(GA-1) is an inherited cerebral organic aciduria. Untreated patients with GA-1 have a risk of acute encephalopathic crises during the first 6 years of life. In so far as GA-1 desperately does not exist in Turkish newborn screening (NBS) program, most patients in our study were late-diagnosed.Method This study included 41 patients diagnosed with acylcarnitine profile, urinary organic acids, mutation analyses in the symptomatic period. We presented with clinical, neuroradiological, and molecular data of our 41 patients.Results The mean age at diagnosis was 14.8 ± 13.9 (15 days to 72 months) and, high blood glutaconic acid, glutarylcarnitine and urinary glutaric acid (GA) levels in 41 patients were revealed. Seventeen different mutations in the glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene were identified, five of which were novel. The patients, most of whom were late-diagnosed, had a poor neurological outcome. Treatment strategies made a little improvement in dystonia and the frequency of encephalopathic attacks.Conclusion All GA-1 patients in our study were severely affected since they were late-diagnosed, while others show that GA-1 is a treatable metabolic disorder if it is diagnosed with NBS. This study provides an essential perspective of the severe impact on GA-1 patients unless it is diagnosed with NBS. We immediately advocate GA-1 to be included in the Turkish NBS.
Meningiomas of the Planum Sphenoidale and Tuberculum Sella
Authors: Echalier Elizabeth L. , Subramanian Prem S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPatients with meningiomas of the planum sphenoidale and tuberculum sella often present with insidious vision loss in one or both eyes as the only sign or symptom of their disease, although other sensory, oculomotor, and even endocrine abnormalities may be seen in a minority of cases. Incidentally discovered tumors also are common, as patients may undergo neuroimaging for unrelated symptoms or events. Depending on the size and orientation of the tumor, central vision loss from optic nerve compression may be a later sign, and loss of peripheral vision in one or both eyes may not be recognized until it has progressed to areas closer to fixation. A thorough neuroophthalmologic assessment including visual field testing will help to define the extent of optic pathway involvement. Both fundus examination and optical coherence tomography of the retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell complex will aid in determining prognosis after treatment of the tumor. Orbital surgery rarely is indicated as primary therapy for meningiomas in this location, and surgical resection or debulking is usually pursued before consideration is given to radiation therapy. Because of the long-term risk of residual tumor growth or recurrence, neuroophthalmic surveillance along with serial neuroimaging is required for years after tumor resection and/or radiation therapy.
Late-Onset Narcolepsy: A Case Report with Brief Review of the Literature
Authors: Jacob Jeny , Venkataram Rajesh , Baikunje Nandakishore , Soori Rashmi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNarcolepsy, a sleep disorder, has its onset in childhood and early adulthood but rarely in older adults. This case report focuses on a man in his late fifties who was noticed to have excessive daytime sleepiness during his stay in our hospital for an unrelated medical ailment. He was further evaluated with overnight polysomnography and next day multiple sleep latency test which confirmed the diagnosis of narcolepsy.
Epilepsy in Nicolaides–Baraitser Syndrome: Review of Literature and Report of 25 Patients Focusing on Treatment Aspects
Authors: Hofmeister Benedikt , von Stülpnagel Celina , Betzler Cornelia , Mari Francesca , Renieri Alessandra , Baldassarri Margherita , Haberlandt Edda , Jansen Katrien , Schilling Stefan , Weber Peter , Ahlbory Katja , Tang Shan , Berweck Steffen , Kluger Gerhard 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNicolaides–Baraitser syndrome (NCBRS), caused by a mutation in the SMARCA2 gene, which goes along with intellectual disability, congenital malformations, especially of face and limbs, and often difficult-to-treat epilepsy, is surveyed focusing on epilepsy and its treatment. Patients were recruited via “Network Therapy of Rare Epilepsies (NETRE)” and an international NCBRS parent support group. Inclusion criterion is NCBRS-defining SMARCA2 mutation. Clinical findings including epilepsy classification, anticonvulsive treatment, electroencephalogram (EEG) findings, and neurodevelopmental outcome were collected with an electronic questionnaire. Inclusion of 25 NCBRS patients with epilepsy in 23 of 25. Overall, 85% of the participants (17/20) reported generalized seizures, the semiology varied widely. EEG showed generalized epileptogenic abnormalities in 53% (9/17), cranial magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) was mainly inconspicuous. The five most frequently used anticonvulsive drugs were valproic acid (VPA [12/20]), levetiracetam (LEV [12/20]), phenobarbital (PB [8/20]), topiramate (TPM [5/20]), and carbamazepine (CBZ [5/20]). LEV (9/12), PB (6/8), TPM (4/5), and VPA (9/12) reduced the seizures' frequency in more than 50%. Temporary freedom of seizures (>6 months) was reached with LEV (4/12), PB (3/8), TPM (1/5, only combined with PB and nitrazepam [NZP]), and VPA (4/12). Seizures aggravation was observed under lamotrigine (LTG [2/4]), LEV (1/12), PB (1/8), and VPA (1/12). Ketogenic diet (KD) and vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) reduced seizures' frequency in one of two each. This first worldwide retrospective analysis of anticonvulsive therapy in NCBRS helps to treat epilepsy in NCBRS that mostly shows only initial response to anticonvulsive therapy, especially with LEV and VPA, but very rarely shows complete freedom of seizures in this, rather genetic than structural epilepsy.
Genetic Factors in Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts
Authors: Khan Mahamad Irfanulla , CS Prashanth , Srinath Narasimha Murthy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOrofacial clefts (OFCs) are the most common congenital birth defects in humans and immediately recognized at birth. The etiology remains complex and poorly understood and seems to result from multiple genetic and environmental factors along with gene–environment interactions. It can be classified into syndromic (30%) and nonsyndromic (70%) clefts. Nonsyndromic OFCs include clefts without any additional physical or cognitive deficits. Recently, various genetic approaches, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), candidate gene association studies, and linkage analysis, have identified multiple genes involved in the etiology of OFCs.This article provides an insight into the multiple genes involved in the etiology of OFCs. Identification of specific genetic causes of clefts helps in a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of OFC. In the near future, it helps to provide a more accurate diagnosis, genetic counseling, personalized medicine for better clinical care, and prevention of OFCs.
Functional Assessment of Coronary Artery Lesions—Old and New Kids on the Block
Authors: Patel Prashant , Rao Ravi , Sethi Prabhdeep , Mukherjee Ashis , Varadarajan Padmini , Pai Ramdas G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAngiography is inaccurate in assessing functional significance of coronary lesions, and often stenoses deemed severe on angiographic assessment do not restrict coronary blood flow at rest or with maximal dilatation. Angiography-guided revascularization has not shown improvement in hard clinical outcomes in stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD). Most current guidelines for SIHD recommend invasive functional assessment of lesions to guide revascularization if prior evidence of ischemia is not available. There has been several recent advances and development of novel methods in this arena. Various contemporary clinical trials have been undertaken for validation of these indices. Here we review the physiological basis, tools, techniques, and evidence base for various invasive (resting as well as hyperemic) and noninvasive methods for functional assessment of coronary lesions. Left main stenosis, bifurcation lesions, serial stenosis, and acute coronary syndrome each causes unique disequilibrium that may affect measurements and require special considerations for accurate functional assessment.
Predictive Value of Body Mass Index in Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery
Authors: Minol Jan-Philipp , Dimitrova Vanessa , Petrov Georgi , Langner Robert , Boeken Udo , Lichtenberg Artur , Akhyari Payam 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background With this study we aimed to analyze if the separate consideration of body mass index (BMI) could provide any superior predictive values compared with the established risk scores in isolated minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS). This might facilitate future therapeutic decision-making, e.g., regarding the question surgery versus transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr).
Methods We assessed the relevance of BMI in non-underweight patients who underwent isolated MIMVS. The risk predictive potential of BMI for mortality and several postoperative adverse events was assessed in 429 consecutive patients. This predictive potential was compared with that of European System for Cardiac Outcome Risk Evaluation II (EuroSCORE II) and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (STS score) using a comparative receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
Results BMI was a significant numeric predictor of wound healing disorders (p = 0.001) and proved to be significantly superior in case of this postoperative adverse event compared with the EuroSCORE II (p = 0.040) and STS score (p = 0.015). Except for this, the predictive potential of BMI was significantly inferior compared with that of the EuroSCORE II and STS score for several end points, including 30-day (p = 0.029 and p = 0.006) and 1-year (p = 0.012 and p = 0.001) mortality.
Conclusion Therefore, we suggest that, in the course of decision-making regarding the right treatment modality for non-underweight patients with isolated mitral valve regurgitation, the sole factor of BMI should not be given a predominant weight.
Therapeutic Options for Left Main, Left Main Equivalent, and Three-Vessel Disease
Authors: Glazier James J. , Ramos-Parra Bayoan , Kaki Amir 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPatients with left main, left main equivalent, and three-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) represent an overlapping spectrum of patients with advanced CAD that is associated with an adverse prognosis. Guideline-directed medical therapy is a necessary but often insufficient treatment option, as such patients frequently need mechanical revascularization by either coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In patients with advanced CAD presenting with acute myocardial infarction, PCI, of course, is the preferred treatment option. For stable patients with advanced CAD, CABG surgery remains the standard of care. However, observations from the SYNergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with TAXus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) trial suggest that PCI may be a useful alternative in patients with three-vessel disease with a low SYNTAX score as well as in patients with left main disease and a low or intermediate SYNTAX score. In the subset of patients with diabetes mellitus, the Future Revascularization Evaluation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Optimal Management of Multivessel Disease trial unequivocally demonstrated the superiority of CABG surgery in improving outcomes. The findings of the recently published Everolimus-Eluting Stent System versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization and Nordic–Baltic–British Left Main Revascularization study trials point to a favorable role for PCI in certain low-to-moderate risk patients with left main stem disease.
Optical Coherence Tomography of the Coronary Arteries
Authors: Roland Robert , Veselka Josef 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntravascular imaging, particularly optical coherence tomography, has brought significant improvement in diagnostic and therapeutical approaches to coronary artery disease and has offered superior high-resolution visualization of coronary arteries. The ability to obtain images of intramural and transmural coronary structures allows the study of the process of atherosclerosis, effect of therapies, mechanism of acute coronary syndrome and stent failure, and performance of new devices and enables the interventional cardiologist to optimize the effect of percutaneous coronary intervention. In this review, we provide the summary of the latest published data on clinical use of optical coherence tomography as well as practical algorithm for optical coherence tomography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention for daily interventional practice.