bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of high heat flux exposures on tensile strength of firefighters' protective clothing
Authors: Ohalele Henry U. , Fulton Mackenzie , Torvi David A. , Noble Scott D. , Batcheller Jane C. 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThe effects of thermal aging on tensile strength of three Kevlar/PBI blends used in the outer shell layer of firefighters' protective clothing were examined using cone calorimeter exposures of 10‐70 kW/m2 for 30‐300 seconds. Lower heat flux exposures of 10‐15 kW/m2 did not result in significant change in the tensile strength of the fabrics, but significant losses of tensile strength were first observed as the heat fluxes increased to 20‐30 kW/m2 for two ripstop fabrics, and 45 kW/m2 for the third fabric. Further decreases in tensile strength were observed with increasing heat flux until there was almost a total loss of original tensile strength following exposure to 70 kW/m2. Decreases in tensile strength were explained by comparing fabric temperature measurements made using an infrared thermometer, key temperatures in thermal gravimetric analysis test results, and the appearance of the three fabrics after the exposures. While duration of exposure had little effect on tensile strength after exposures to 10 kW/m2, tensile strength decreased with duration of exposure for heat fluxes of 20‐40 kW/m2. The effect of duration was greatest for a heat flux of 20 kW/m2. These results indicate that one must consider not only the maximum temperature that the fabric reaches, but the complete temperature‐time trace, including the time at which the fabric remains at the maximum temperature, when examining the effects of thermal aging on tensile strength.
Fruit and vegetable consumption and serum vitamin A in lactating women: A cross‐sectional survey in urban China
Authors: Yang Chenlu , Zhao Ai , Lan Hanglian , Zhang Jian , Ren Zhongxia , Szeto Ignatius Man‐Yau , Wang Peiyu , Zhang Yumei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDuring the lactation period, healthy eating behavior is essential to maternal and child health. However, Chinese lactating women may have some traditional food restrictions. Our aims were to evaluate the fruit and vegetable consumption of Chinese lactating women and to examine the associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and serum vitamin A concentrations. A total of 885 participants were included. Dietary intakes were assessed during the same time frame as blood collection via a one‐time 24‐h dietary recall (24HDR) and a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ), respectively. Serum vitamin A concentrations were assessed with high‐performance liquid chromatography. Based on 24HDR, 64.7% and 85.5% of lactating women did not consume the appropriate amount of fruits and vegetables, respectively. New mothers who adopt zuo yuezi behavior during the first month were negatively associated with fruit consumption. The median (25th to 75th) dietary vitamin A intake was 349.5 (202.5–591.4) μg RAE/day. Vegetable contributed 24.9% and fruit 4.8% of the dietary vitamin A intake. The median (25th to 75th) serum vitamin A concentration was 1.92 (1.61–2.30) μmol/L. 24HDR assessments of total fruit and vegetable consumption, and fruit consumption were positively associated with higher serum vitamin A concentrations, respectively (β = 0.200, 95%CI = 0.077, 0.323, p = .001; β = 0.241, 95%CI = 0.008, 0.474, p = .044). These positive associations were replicated in the SFFQ assessments (β = 0.102, 95%CI = 0.016, 0.188, p = .020; β = 0.215, 95%CI = 0.088, 0.341, p = .001). Chinese lactating women had inappropriate fruit and vegetable consumption. Fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with serum vitamin A concentrations.
Balanced and unbalanced translocations in a multicentric series of 2843 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Costa Dolors , Granada Isabel , Espinet Blanca , Collado Rosa , Ruiz‐Xivillé Neus , Puiggros Anna , Uribe Marisol , Arias Amparo , Gómez Cándida , Delgado Julio , Pereira Arturo , Magnano Laura , Colomer Dolors , López Cristina , Beà Sílvia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractChromosomal translocations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are very rare, and therefore systematic analysis of large series of cases is needed to allow the identification of recurrent rearrangements, breakpoints involved, and target genes. The aims of the present study were to identify new translocations and their clinical impact and to establish their frequency in a large cohort of 2843 CLL patients. By conventional cytogenetics 250 translocations were identified in 215 (7.5%) patients, 186 (74%) were apparently balanced and 64 (26%) were unbalanced. All chromosomes were involved in translocations, except Y chromosome. The chromosomes more frequently translocated were in decreasing frequency chromosomes 14, 18, 13, 17, 1, 6, 2, 3, 8, and 11. Translocations were found in the karyotypes either as the unique chromosomal abnormality (27%), associated with another alteration (24%), or as a part of a complex karyotype (CK, 48%). A large proportion of rearranged breakpoints involved genes related to CLL such as IGH (14q32), RB1, MIR15A, MIR16‐1 (13q14), BCL2 (18q21), IGL (22q11.2), TP53 (17p13), IRF4 (6p25‐p23), ATM (11q22), and CDK6 (7q21). Overall, 76 novel CLL translocations were identified, including a recurrent t(8;11)(p21;q21‐23). Whole‐genome sequencing and/or copy‐number microarray data of 24 cases with translocations confirmed all rearrangements, enabled refinement of 3 karyotypes and all breakpoints at gene level. The projected survival and time to first treatment significantly decreased linearly with the number of translocations. In summary, this study allowed to establish the frequency of translocations (7.5%) and to identify new translocations in a cohort of 2843 CLL patients.
Experimental investigations on melt coolability with simulated decay heat—The influence of delay time in flooding
Authors: Munot Samyak S. , Nayak Arun K. , Joshi Jyeshtharaj B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe primary objective of core catchers is to minimize the potential risk of core meltdown by stabilization and cooling of molten corium within the reactor containment for a prolonged period by strategically cooling it. Quenching of the high‐temperature melt by top flooding strongly depends on the timing of injection of the cooling water, that is, immediate flooding or delayed flooding. To understand this aspect, we conducted experiments in a simulated core catcher of an Indian advanced nuclear reactor. In the experiments, sodium borosilicate glass, as a mixture of corium and sacrificial material simulant, was melted at about 1200°C and cooled by water from the side of a simulated core catcher and then flooding at the top of the melt pool. Two experiments were conducted; the first one was done with immediate flooding at the top of the melt pool; the second was performed with delayed top flooding of 45 min gap. The results show that immediate flooding quenches the melt pool rapidly compared to delayed flooding. A stable crust formation at the top of the melt pool and wall adhesion is observed in the delayed flooding. It was also found that no ingression of the water in the molten pool occurred with delayed flooding. On the other hand, with immediate flooding, water was found to ingress into the melt pool due to gap formations between melt and core catcher sidewall, causing the melt to break up through eruption by ingressed water. This phenomenon resulted in the formation of sand‐type debris and in faster melt cooling.
Successful treatment with DCF chemotherapy and radiotherapy for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate
Authors: Atagi Kaya , Fukuhara Hideo , Ishiguro Motoyoshi , Osakabe Hiroto , Satoshi Fukata , Tamura Kenji , Karashima Takashi , Inoue Keiji 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionPrimary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is an extremely rare tumor with poor prognosis. Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is estimated to comprise less than 1% of all prostate carcinomas. We report herein a case with clinical response to docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5‐fluorouracil chemotherapy with radiotherapy, in a patient with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate.Case presentationA 74‐year‐old man consulted with frequent urination. The prostate‐specific antigen level was 1.62 ng/mL. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging showed prostate imaging and reporting and data system category 5 for the whole prostate and biopsy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was pure squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate. fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography showed fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation in the whole prostate and multiple pelvic lymph nodes. Four cycles of docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5‐fluorouracil regimen were administrated along with radiotherapy. The patient showed a marked response with no major adverse events.ConclusionThe present case suggests the potential of docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5‐fluorouracil chemotherapy with radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate.
Loss of Sprouty Produces a Ciliopathic Skeletal Phenotype in Mice Through Upregulation of Hedgehog Signaling
Authors: Hruba Eva , Kavkova Michaela , Dalecka Linda , Macholan Miloš , Zikmund Tomas , Varecha Miroslav , Bosakova Michaela , Kaiser Jozef , Krejci Pavel , Hovorakova Maria , Buchtova Marcela 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
The Sprouty family is a highly conserved group of intracellular modulators of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-signaling pathways, which have been recently linked to primary cilia. Disruptions in the structure and function of primary cilia cause inherited disorders called ciliopathies. We aimed to evaluate Sprouty2 and Sprouty4 gene-dependent alterations of ciliary structure and to focus on the determination of its association with Hedgehog signaling defects in chondrocytes. Analysis of the transgenic mice phenotype with Sprouty2 and Sprouty4 deficiency revealed several defects, including improper endochondral bone formation and digit patterning, or craniofacial and dental abnormalities. Moreover, reduced bone thickness and trabecular bone mass, skull deformities, or chondroma-like lesions were revealed. All these pathologies might be attributed to ciliopathies. Elongation of the ciliary axonemes in embryonic and postnatal growth plate chondrocytes was observed in Sprouty2−/− and Sprouty2+/−/Sprouty4−/− mutants compared with corresponding littermate controls. Also, cilia-dependent Hedgehog signaling was upregulated in Sprouty2/4 mutant animals. Ptch1 and Ihh expression were upregulated in the autopodium and the proximal tibia of Sprouty2−/−/Sprouty4−/− mutants. Increased levels of the GLI3 repressor (GLI3R) form were detected in Sprouty2/4 mutant primary fibroblast embryonic cell cultures and tissues. These findings demonstrate that mouse lines deficient in Sprouty proteins manifest phenotypic features resembling ciliopathic phenotypes in multiple aspects and may serve as valuable models to study the association between overactivation of RTK and dysfunction of primary cilia during skeletogenesis. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Synthesis and structure confirmation of 7‐ester‐8‐aminomethylene‐substituted baicalein derivatives
Authors: Mou Jiajia , Wang Qiang , Deng Yanru , Chen Danghui , Qiu Shuang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTwelve baicalein derivatives, derivatized with 7‐ester and 8‐aminomethylene groups, were synthesized as cyclin‐dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) inhibitors, by the addition of one of four secondary amines to C‐8, using the Mannich reaction, followed by mono‐esterification with one of three carboxylic acids. Analysis by 1H‐, 13C‐NMR, and HMBC spectra, as well as a chemical test, confirmed that the esterification occurred at the 7‐phenolic hydroxyl position of baicalein but not at the 5‐ or 6‐positions.
Disentangling acculturation and enculturation intergenerational gaps: Examining mother–youth value discrepancies and mental health among Mexican‐descent college students
Authors: Manzo Gabriela , Piña‐Watson Brandy , Gonzalez Iliana M. , Garcia Aundrea , Meza Jocelyn I. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo test the acculturation gap hypothesis by examining mother–youth value discrepancies (both acculturative and enculturative) and their association with mother–youth acculturative conflict and youth mental health outcomes.MethodParticipants were 273 Mexican descent college students attending a large, public, Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) in West Texas (72% women). The participants' ages ranged 18–25 years (M = 19.33 years; SD = 1.54 years).ResultsThree models assessed the relationship between mother–youth value discrepancies and mental health outcomes (suicidal ideation, non‐suicidal self‐injury, and depressive symptoms) as mediated by mother–youth acculturative conflict. Consistently, Mexican heritage cultural values were related to mental health outcomes while American cultural values were not.ConclusionsThe study found that increased mother–youth discrepancies on Mexican cultural values were associated with increased negative mental health outcomes. Our findings suggest that adopting or learning new mainstream American values does not substitute for the Mexican cultural values that protect against negative outcomes.
Utilizing MERIT to promote recovery in schizotypal personality disorder: An illustrative case study
Authors: Dmitryeva Nadezhda , Chernov Nikita , Kostyuk Georgiy , Lysaker Paul H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionDifficulties forming an integrated sense of oneself, others, and one's place in the community have been observed to pose a barrier to recovery from schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). This has promoted the development of metacognitive approaches to psychotherapy that seek to assist persons in making sense of and managing their psychosocial challenges. One of these approaches, Metacognitive Reflection Insight Therapy (MERIT), has begun to be more broadly explored among adults with schizophrenia. Persons with other forms of SSD, including schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), also experience difficulties forming an integrated sense of themselves and others and could potentially be amenable to MERIT.MethodsTo explore this possibility, this study reports the application of MERIT to an adult with SPD in a unique cultural context.ResultsEvidence of acceptability and meaningful resultant clinical gains are described.ConclusionsTaken as a whole, this study provides a rich illustration of how metacognition can be successfully targeted by MERIT in forms of SSD potentially less severe than schizophrenia, including SPD in a unique cultural setting.
Misinformation and work‐related outcomes of healthcare community: Sequential mediation role of COVID‐19 threat and psychological distress
Authors: Khan Ali Nawaz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBy applying coping theory, this study develops and tests a process model investigating the sequential mediating roles of perceived COVID‐19 threat and psychological distress on the relationships between social media misinformation and turnover intentions, and in‐role performance. Hypothesized model for Study 1 was fully supported, showing that the association between social media misinformation and turnover intentions are each mediated sequentially, first by perceived COVID‐19 threat and then by psychological distress. Additional support was found for the sequential mediation model when predicting turnover intentions and in‐role performance in Study 2, using time‐lagged data. Besides, this study found that resilience moderated social media misinformation's sequential indirect effect on turnover intentions and in‐role performance. Implications and future research directions have been discussed.
A newly developed South American Mapping of Temperature with estimated lapse rate corrections
Authors: Rozante José Roberto , Ramirez Enver , Fernandes Alex de Almeida 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the present work a recently developed product, the South American Mapping of Temperature (SAMeT), is presented. SAMeT minimizes certain deficiencies associated with both the eventual lack of observations and incorporates temperature corrections due to elevation or lapse rate of temperature (LRT) considerations. SAMeT is based on combinations of observed 2‐m temperatures and ERA5 reanalysis, as well as LRTs values computed from maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures. The LRT were computed using a simple linear regression on a 40‐year ERA5 reanalysis dataset and a digital elevation model dataset from Global Digital Elevation (GTOPO30). It was obtained that the computed LRT is consistently smaller than the standard LRT for all the seasons and studied regions. The South American territory was divided into four subdomains and the evaluation performed via a cross validation. This methodology consists in removing 90% of the observations to form OBS90 and generate the SAMeT fields. The remaining 10% (OBS10) is used for validation purposes. An additional dataset, hereafter referred to as OBS90i, is obtained using Kriging interpolation of OBS90 along with GTOPO30 and temperature adjustment by a standard LRT (−6.5°C·km−1). The evaluation period was from January 2011 to December 2013. Thus by using the standard LRT, a systematic negative bias for the temperature is obtained. On the other hand, ERA5 displays underestimation for Tmax and overestimation for Tmin. Furthermore, in comparative terms ERA5 displays the larger errors; thus, it is suggested that a bias remotion is important for any application involving these data. The systematic application of computed values for LRT in addition to a combination between observations and ERA5 data allows SAMeT to generate fields with smaller errors compared to observations than ERA5 while keeping spatial correlations. Thus, the present product brings an innovation to the temperature space fields for the South American region.
Seasonal and subseasonal wind power characterization and forecasting for the Iberian Peninsula and the Canary Islands: A systematic review
Authors: Bayo‐Besteiro Susana , García‐Rodríguez Michael , Labandeira Xavier , Añel Juan A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRenewable energy has a key role to play in the transition towards a low‐carbon society. Despite its importance, relatively little attention has been focused on the crucial impact of weather and climate on energy demand and supply, or the generation or operational planning of renewable technologies. In particular, to improve the operation and longer‐term planning of renewables, it is essential to consider seasonal and subseasonal weather forecasting. Unfortunately, reports that focus on these issues are not common in scientific literature. This paper presents a systematic review of the seasonal forecasting of wind and wind power for the Iberian Peninsula and the Canary Islands, a region leading the world in the development of renewable energies (particularly wind) and thus an important illustration in global terms. To this end, we consider the scientific literature published over the last 13 years (2008–2021). An initial search of this literature produced 14,293 documents, but our review suggests that only around 0.2% are actually relevant to our purposes. The results show that the teleconnection patterns (North Atlantic Oscillation [NAO], East Atlantic [EA] and Scandinavian [SCAND]) and the stratosphere are important sources of predictability of winds in the Iberian Peninsula. We conclude that the existing literature in this crucial area is very limited, which points to the need for increased research efforts, that could lead to great returns. Moreover, the approach and methods developed here could be applied to other areas for which systematic reviews might be either useful or necessary.
Value of Echogenic Foci in Diagnosing Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Predicting Aggressive Biological Behavior
Authors: Wang Guojuan , Nie Fang , Wang Yanfang , Wang Peihua , Wang Lan , Fan Xiao , Ma Zhenxian 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo assess the diagnostic value of echogenic foci in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and the relationship between echogenic foci and aggressiveness of PTC.MethodsFrom January 2018 to January 2021, a total of 950 patients diagnosed with thyroid nodules (n = 1113) in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 1113 nodules, single PTC in 527 patients confirmed by surgery was studied for their aggressive biological behavior. The patterns of echogenic foci were classified as: no echogenic foci, sparse punctate echogenic foci, focal punctate echogenic foci, diffuse punctate echogenic foci, petal‐like punctate echogenic foci, comet‐tail artifacts, coarse echogenic foci, peripheral rim (eggshell echogenic foci), and mixed echogenic foci. The clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics were also analyzed. A univariate analysis was performed, and binary logistic regression was performed to screen independent risk factors.ResultsFor the differential diagnosis of PTC, age < 50 years, size <1.1 cm, hypoechoic or very hypoechoic, aspect ratio > 1, irregular shape, types II (punctate echogenic foci) and VI (mixed echogenic foci) were independent risk factors. For the aggressive biological behavior of PTC, male sex, age<42 years, size <1.0 cm, types IIb (focal punctate echogenic foci), IIc (diffuse punctate echogenic foci), and VI (mixed echogenic foci) were independent risk factors for predicting cervical lymph node metastasis of PTC.ConclusionEchogenic foci are useful in diagnosing PTC and predicting aggressiveness of PTC, which contribute to screening invasive PTC and avoiding overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
Age and Comorbidities Impact Medical Complications and Mortality Following Free Flap Reconstruction
Authors: Sweeny Larissa , Curry Joseph M. , Crawley Meghan B. , DiLeo Michael , Bonaventure Caroline A. , Luginbuhl Adam J. , Guice Kelsie M. , Taghizadeh Farshid , McCreary Eleanor , Buncke Michelle , Petrisor Daniel , Wax Mark K. 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveDetermine if age correlated with surgical or medical complications following head and neck free flap reconstruction.Study DesignRetrospective review of prospectively collected databases.MethodsPatients undergoing head and neck free flap reconstruction at three tertiary care institutions were included (n = 1972). Cohorts were based on age (<65, 65–75, 75–85, and >85). Outcomes reviewed operative duration, length of stay, surgical complications (free flap failure, fistula, hematoma, dehiscence, and infection), and medical complications (thromboembolism, stroke, cardiac, and pulmonary).ResultsAnatomic site (P < .0001) and donor site varied by age (P < .0001). There was no difference in operative duration (P = .3) or length of hospitalization (P = .8) by age. The incidence of medical complications increased with increasing age. Pulmonary complication rates: <65 (3.9%), 65 to 75 (4.8%), 75 to 85 (7.1%), and >85 (11%) (P = .02). Cardiac complication rates: <65 (2.0%), 65 to 75 (7.3%), 75 to 85 (6.1%), and >85 (16.4%) (P < .0001). Mortality increased with age: <65 (0.4%), 65 to 75 (0.8%), 75 to 85 (1.1%), and >85 (4.1%) (P < .003). Medical complications correlated with mortality rates: pulmonary (3.5% vs. 0.6%; OR: 5.5; 95% CI: 1.5–20.0; P = .004); cardiac (3.3% vs. 0.6%; OR: 6.0; 95% CI: 1.6–21.8; P = .002); thromboembolism (4.6% vs. 0.7%; OR: 7.3; 95% CI: 1.6–33.6; P = .003); stroke (42% vs. 0.5%; OR: 149; 95% CI: 40–558; P < .0001); and sepsis (5% vs. 0.7%; OR 7.5; 95% CI: 1.0–60.5; P = .03). Age did not correlate with free flap success (P = .5), surgical complications (hematoma, P = .33; fistula, P = .23; infection, P = .07; and dehiscence, P = .37), or thirty‐day readmission (P = .3).ConclusionFollowing free flap reconstruction, patient age did not correlate with development of a surgical complication. Patient age did correlate with development of a medical complication. Postoperative medical complications were found to correlate with perioperative mortality.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:772–780, 2022