bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver Enzymes After Acetaminophen Error in Critically Ill Children: A Cohort Study
Authors: Roumeliotis Nadia , Pullenayegum Eleanor , Taddio Anna , Rochon Paula , Parshuram Chris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesDrug-associated harm is common but difficult to detect in the hospital setting. In critically ill children, we sought to evaluate drug-associated hepatic injury following enteral acetaminophen error; defined as acetaminophen dosing that exceeds daily maximum recommendations.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTwo pediatric intensive care units within a pediatric hospital center.PatientsChildren (<18 years of age) admitted to the pediatric and cardiac intensive care unit between January 2008 and January 2018, and receiving enteral acetaminophen. We defined acetaminophen dosing error as exceeding daily acetaminophen dosing by > 10% the upper limit of maximum recommended dose for weight and age (>82.5mg/kg/day or > 4400mg/day).Main ResultsWe included 14,146 admissions, who received 147,485 doses of acetaminophen. Acetaminophen dosing errors occurred 1 in every 9.5 patient-days on acetaminophen. ALT and AST decreased significantly over the course of ICU admission (p<0.0001). In patients with acetaminophen errors, ALT and AST measured in the 24 to 96 hours post error were not significantly different than when measured outside this window. A sensitivity analysis using >100 mg/kg/day as the upper daily acetaminophen error cut-off did not reveal any subsequent significant increase in ALT or ALT in the 24 to 96-hour post-error window, compared to measurements taken outside the window.Conclusions﻿Although the administration of acetaminophen in critically ill children frequently exceeds the daily recommended limit and vigilance is needed, we did not find any associated increase in liver transaminases following acetaminophen errors.
Serology and Amplicon Deep Sequencing of MSP1-Block 2 Haplotypes as New Tools for Plasmodium Vivax Infections
Authors: Farias Elizangela , Jordão Maele , Avila Ricardo , Fagundes Mirian , Feuser Paulo , Souza Victor , Naveca Felipe , Nogueira Paulo Afonso 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Relapses of Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) infections are major causes of malaria morbidity, and tools for distinguishing relapses from reinfections are needed in malaria endemic areas. Methods: Herein, a panel of plasmas of 72 P. vivax-infected pregnant women, of whom 31 had had at least a recurrence of P. vivax infection, was used in a serology for IgM and IgG against 6 P. vivax-merozoite surface protein-1 (P. vivax-MSP1-Block 2) haplotype-specific peptides, in order to identify re-expositions to same haplotypes in the recurrences during the pregnancy. In parallel, we used the amplicon deep sequencing (ADS) with P. vivax-MSP1-Block 2 amplicons of the in eight blood samples of non-pregnant P. vivax-infected patients to identify multi or monoclonal infections based on MSP1-Block-2 haplotypes, and to quantify the reads of different haplotypes between those with multiclonal infections. We synthetized a new panel of overlapping peptides mapping each one of the six P. vivax-MSP1-Block 2 haplotypes and we validated with new IgM and IgG serology. Results: Most pregnant women presented IgM that recognized more than one peptide, thus indicating multiple infections by P. vivax-MSP1-Block 2 haplotypes. The same IgM anti-peptides remained in several women in the recurrent episodes most likely indicates re-exposure to the same haplotype of MSP1 Block 2. The IgG reactivity the IgM to IgG switch were low. The ADS using next-generation sequencing (NGS) identified multi- and monoinfection by P. vivax-MSP1-Block 2 haplotypes. Of eight patients, two of them had had the first P. vivax-infection. Monoinfections with P. vivax-MSP1-Block 2 haplotypes were observed in two prime-infected patients and three of patients with previous malaria. In all P. vivax-MSP1-Block 2 haplotype-monoinfected patients, the reactivity of IgM was observed only against overlapped peptides of the same haplotype detected in ADS, while for IgG, no reactivity was observed for any of the peptides of the same haplotype or the others.We were able to identify multiclonal infections through three haplotypes of P. vivax MSP1 Block 2 in three remaining patients, among which, there was always one majority haplotype that predominated with more of 95% of high-quality reads. The levels of haplotype-specific IgM in the serology correlated with the read ratios of each haplotype, but IgG levels not, including in one of the multiclonal infections, a minority haplotype was recognized with higher levels of IgG than that of the majority one. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the combination of ADS and serology for P. vivax-MSP1-Block 2 haplotypes may be used as a new tool for distinguishing reinfections from relapses in malaria.
Isolation and determination of Vibrio spp. pathogen from hemorrhagic disease in Sciaenops ocellatus in cage culture
Authors: LInh Nguyen Quang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, 18 strains of Vibrio bacteria were identified from 27 samples of Red drum fish (Sciaenops ocellatus) suffering from the haemorrhagic disease from cage culture in Vietnam. The bacterial strains were identified with the 16S rRNA sequencing method and checked for morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics by using the API 20E KIT. Twelve strains of V. alginolyticus, three strains of V. fluvialis, and three strains of V. orientalis were recorded. All Vibrio strains have gene similarities with those on the gene bank ranging from 98 to 100%. The biochemical characteristics of these 18 isolates were similar. These bacteria are susceptible to tetracycline and doxycycline and entirely resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, and erythromycin.
Morphology, Chemical Characterization and Sources of Microplastics in a Coastal City in The Equatorial Zone With Diverse Anthropogenic Activities (Fortaleza City, Brazil)
Authors: Banegas Maria E. N. , Lemos Viviane A. S. , Flores Gina L. L. , Soares Sandra A. , Feitosa Johnny , Araújo Bruno S. , Ayala Alejandro P. , de Azevedo Marleane M. F. , Santos Francisco E. P. , Cavalcante Rivelino Martins 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to perform morphological and chemical characterizations of microplastics (MPs) found in seawater samples from the coast of the city of Fortaleza (CE) using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Sampling was performed using a neuston sampler. MPs were separated based on the difference in density. MPs with varied morphologies were found. Fibers and fragments were the most abundant (57% and 36.2%, respectively). FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and DSC confirmed the presence of polyurethane and alkyd resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide blends, thermoplastic rubber and polyester fibers. Many studies have chemically characterized plastic materials using FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and DSC and common MPs, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide and polyester, have been characterized. However, characterization becomes more complex when MPs are less common particles, weathered particles and blends of polymers and additives. There is also less information on these types of MPs in commercial polymer databases. Therefore, the MP spectra obtained in this study can serve as a database to compare and characterize common as well as less common, more complex MPs.
ProxyFL: Decentralized Federated Learning through Proxy Model Sharing
Authors: Kalra Shivam , Wen Junfeng , Cresswell Jesse , Volkovs Maksims , Tizhoosh Hamid 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Institutions in highly regulated domains such as finance and healthcare often have restrictive rules around data sharing. Federated learning is a distributed learning framework that enables multi-institutional collaborations on decentralized data with improved protection for each collaborator’s data privacy. In this paper, we propose a communication-efficient scheme for decentralized federated learning called ProxyFL, or proxy-based federated learning. Each participant in ProxyFL maintains two models, a private model, and a publicly shared proxy model designed to protect the participant’s privacy. Proxy models allow efficient information exchange among participants using the PushSum method without the need of a centralized server. The proposed method eliminates a significant limitation of canonical federated learning by allowing model heterogeneity; each participant can have a private model with any architecture. Furthermore, our protocol for communication by proxy leads to stronger privacy guarantees using differential privacy analysis. Experiments on popular image datasets, and a pan-cancer diagnostic problem using over 30,000 high-quality gigapixel histology whole slide images, show that ProxyFL can outperform existing alternatives with much less communication overhead and stronger privacy.
Disjunctive Answer Options Complicate Communication – A Linguistic Analysis of the Danish EQ-5D (5L) Version
Authors: Petersen Esben Nedenskov , Nørgaard Birgitte 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: EQ-5D is an internationally acknowledged tool for assessing health-related quality of life. Our aim was to examine how pragmatic dynamics may influence answers to the EQ-5D-5L and how the logical structure of answer options affects the communication of the questionnaire.Methods: We performed a 3-step linguistic analysis building on the seminal work of Grice, including 1) examination of the lexical meanings of the answer options, 2) considerations of how conversational maxims might affect the respondent’s interpretation of answer options when two or more answer options in an item are compatible, and 3) analysis of how the questionnaire’s context might counteract the problem of omissions of answer options by shifting the meaning of context-sensitive expressions. Results: All items exhibit compatibilities and omissions. In items 1 and 3, ordinary conversational norms provide sufficient guidance to determine how a respondent should decide between compatible answer options. In items 2, 4, and 5, the available answer options complicated the communicative task for some respondents. Conclusions: In items where answer options have a disjunctive structure, respondents relying on Gricean maxims of conversation will have to depend on their individual understanding of fine-grained details concerning the questionnaire’s purpose and may have to weigh how conflicting norms should be balanced.
An Unusual Case of IgA Vasculitis with Multisystemic Involvement
Authors: Du Lina , Liu Chang , Wang Panpan , Li Shaojing , Yue Shuang , Guo Ziyun , Yang Yan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is one of the most common vasculitis in children. It is generally a self-limiting disease. Due to its systemic nature, a variety of symptoms in different organs can be observed. We report a case of IgAV characterized by several complications to improve clinicians’ understanding of the disease. Case presentation: A 4-year-old boy was admitted to a local hospital because of abdominal pain and skin rash. The skin biopsy showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis with IgA deposition, consistented with a diagnosis of IgAV. He developed clinical signs of intussusception and laparotomy was undertaken. He continued to have intermittent abdominal pain and edema in the four limbs with oliguria. Elevated pancreatic enzymes and swelling of the pancreas on abdominal ultrasound suggested a combination of pancreatitis in the child. The child subsequently developed headache, dizziness and convulsions, and head MRI showed a high signal on the left side of the cortex and subcortical white matter, and he was considered to have developed cerebral vasculitis.He underwent bronchoscopy because of respiratory distress, which which confirmed the presence of pulmonary hemorrhage. Combined pulmonary infections added to the severity and complexity of his condition. He received two courses of methylprednisolone pulse therapy combined with IVIG and aggressive anti-infective therapy, but his condition eventually deteriorated and he died. Conclusions: IgAV can involve multiple systems and various complications. There is no definitive evidence to support a single drug or multi- immunosuppressive regimen. IgAV usually runs a benign course,however, the severe cases are critical, with a high mortality rate.
A INEFICÁCIA DAS MEDIDAS PENAIS BRASILEIRAS EM RELAÇÃO À PSICOPATIA: O DISTANCIAMENTO ENTRE O PSICOPATA E A SOCIEDADE
Authors: Torres Juliana Castro , Moraes Jessica Cristina de , Oliveira Zaíra Garcia de 
Published: December 2021

Objetiva o presente artigo compor análise do alcance da responsabilidade penal do psicopata considerando as ramificações da culpabilidade enquanto ser imputável, semi-imputável ou inimputável. Para tanto, a pesquisa se deu em duas mãos, a primeira com a análise das características psicológicas do indivíduo identificado como psicopata, bem como a realização do incidente de insanidade mental e medidas de segurança a serem aplicadas em eventual condenação, enfatizando a importância do exame pericial. E, a segunda, deu-se com a análise das leis e jurisprudências brasileiras acerca da responsabilidade penal do psicopata. Desta feita, concluiu-se que, o estudo do tema “psicopatia” é extremamente exíguo no campo doutrinário e na construção legislativa, fator que, sem dúvidas, resulta na impossibilidade da devida aplicação da responsabilidade penal àqueles diagnosticados com este transtorno de personalidade. Isso porque, o que se observa é que sequer magistrados deliberam de forma uníssona em julgamentos que tratam de casos afetos a psicopatas. A metodologia da pesquisa foi baseada na pesquisa descritiva, procedimentos bibliográficos, método hipotético-dedutivo e abordagem qualitativa.
Advancements of MRI-based Brain Tumor Segmentation from Traditional to Recent Trends: A Review
Authors: Kalaiselvi Thiruvenkadam , Padmapriya Thiyagarajan , Sriramakrishnan Padmanaban , Somasundaram Karuppanagounder 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Among brain-related diseases, brain tumor segmentation on magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) scans is one of the highly focused research domains in the medical community.
Brain tumor segmentation is challenging due to its asymmetric form and uncertain boundaries.
This process segregates the tumor region into the active tumor, necrosis, and edema from normal
brain tissues such as white matter (WM), grey matter (GM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Introduction:
The proposed paper analyzed the advancement of brain tumor segmentation from
conventional image processing techniques to deep learning through machine learning on MRI of
human head scans.

Method:
State-of-the-art methods of these three techniques are investigated, and the merits and demerits
are discussed.

Results:
The primary aim of the paper is to motivate young researchers towards the development
of efficient brain tumor segmentation techniques using conventional as well as recent technologies.

Conclusion:
The proposed analysis concluded that the conventional and machine learning methods
were mainly applied for brain tumor detection, whereas deep learning methods were good at segmenting
tumor substructures.
Commentary on the Article “Multiple Hormonal and Metabolic Deficiency
Syndrome Predicts Outcome in Heart Failure: The T.O.S.CA. Registry”,
Antonio Cittadini et al. Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol. 2021
Authors: Triggiani Vincenzo , Lisco Giuseppe 
Published: December 2021

:
Chronic heart failure represents a relevant concern for public health. The endocrine system
is heavily involved in the induction and progression of chronic heart failure. Among endocrine
disorders, the most relevant alterations are related to the growth hormone-insulin like growth factor
1 axis, serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, triiodothyronine levels, insulin resistance,
and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is currently debated whether these changes might be simple
adaptive mechanisms or, instead, they may deteriorate myocardial pump function over time. In this
commentary on a recently published paper by Antonio Cittadini et al. (Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2021),
we briefly presented and discussed data form the “Trattamento Ormonale nello Scompenso CArdiaco;
Hormone Treatment in Heart Failure (TOSCA) Registry”. One or more hormonal deficiencies
or metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus, were more commonly diagnosed
in patients with heart failure (358 patients, 75% of study group). The presence of multiple
hormone deficiency identified a subset of patients at increased risk of hospitalization and death,
with a graded relation between the number of deficiencies and total events. This finding suggests a
possible causal role of hormone deficiencies in CHF progression. Screening of hormonal and
metabolic imbalances in CHF patients would be an interesting opportunity for improving the prognosis
of patients with heart failure as it would identify high-risk patients requiring an additional
medical management of the underlying endocrine and metabolic disorders.
Preliminary Effectiveness of a Remotely Monitored Blood Alcohol Concentration Device as Treatment Modality: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Buono Frank D , Gleed Colette , Boldin Martin , Aviles Allison , Wheeler Natalie 
Published: December 2021

Background
Alcohol use disorder is a chronic disorder with a high likelihood of relapse. The consistent monitoring of blood alcohol concentration through breathalyzers is critical to identifying relapse or misuse. Smartphone apps as a replacement of or in conjunction with breathalyzers have shown limited effectiveness. Yet, there has been little research that has effectively utilized wireless or Wi-Fi–enabled breathalyzers that can accurately, securely, and reliably measure blood alcohol concentration.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of a wireless blood alcohol concentration device in collaboration with long-term treatment on dropout rates, psychological distress, treatment motivation, quality of life, and need for higher levels of follow-up care for patients with alcohol use disorder.

Methods
The randomized clinical trial will include two arms, access to the wireless breathalyzer versus no access to the breathalyzer, while both groups have access to treatment. Evaluation will last 3 months with a 6-week follow-up, during which each participant will be interviewed at admission, 1 month in, 2 months in, 3 months in, and follow-up. Individuals will be recruited online through a secure telehealth meeting invitation. Outcomes will focus on the impact of the wireless breathalyzer within the alcohol use disorder population, and the combined effect on psychological distress, treatment motivation, and quality of life. In addition, we intend to investigate the impact of the breathalyzer on dropout rates and participants’ need for higher levels of follow-up care and treatment.

Results
The recruitment of this study started in July 2020 and will run until 2022.

Conclusions
This information will be important to develop cost-effective treatments for alcohol dependence. Ongoing monitoring allows treatment providers to take an individualized disease management approach and facilitates timely intervention by the treatment provider.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04380116; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04380116

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/30186
Kebijakan Omnibus Law dalam Perspektif Kebijakan Buruh di Indonesia
Authors: Hakim Yusril Rahman 
Published: December 2021

Dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan di suatu negara diperlukan adanya aturan atau regulasi untuk mengatur masyarakatnya agar menjadi lebih teratur dan tertib. Regulasi atau aturan yang dimaksud adalah bagaimna kebijakan yang dibuat oleh pemerintah, baik itu undang-undang, PP dan sebagainya mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat. Dalam pengimplemntasiannya kebijakan publik melewati beberapa tahapan sebelum benar benar di realisasikan salah satunya tahap formulasi. Permasalahannya adalah ketika suatu kebijakan yang di formulasikan masih pada tahap formulasi hanya berpihak pada beberapa oknum, tanpa melihat impact dari kebijakan itu yang berdampak pada masyarakat kecil seperti buruh atau pekerja contohnya Omnibus Law RUU Cipta Lapangan Kerja. Yang mana seharusnya kebijakan yang dibuat ditujukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah malah sebaliknya, hadirnya omnibuslaw malah menjadi momok buruk bagi para buruh dan pekerja lainya. Metode yang digunakan pada penulisan ini adalah metode literatur review dengan menggunakan analisis kebijakan Van Horn & Van Metter. Hasil serta temuan penelitian ini menemukan titik terang yaitu dimana omnibuslaw secara spesifik hanya menguntungkan pihak investor atau corporation dan melupakan pemenuhan hak hak terhadap buruh salah satunya penurunan UMK serta Pemutusan kerja tanpa tuntutan dsb.
ESTRESORES LABORALES Y BIENESTAR EN EL TRABAJO EN PERSONAL AERONÁUTICO DE CABINA
Authors: Vauro Desiderio Mirian Rossana , Labarthe Carrara Javier 
Published: December 2021

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los factores desencadenantes del estrés laboral y la relación de éstos con la calidad de vida laboral de personal aeronáutico de cabina. La muestra está conformada por 136 individuos que trabajan como personal aeronáutico de cabina, a quienes se les aplicó el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida Profesional CVP-35 de Cabezas (2000), del cual se consideró para el análisis sólo el ítem que evalúa la dimensión global de esta variable; y el Instrumento de medición de detonantes de estrés laboral para pilotos (IMDELP) de Aguirre (2015). Los resultados encontrados indican que: (1) los tripulantes de cabina perciben un alto nivel de estrés laboral, (2) una moderada Satisfacción laboral, (3) una baja calidad de vida laboral, (4) y que existe una relación significativa entre la calidad de vida laboral y los factores desencadenantes del estrés de tipo organizacional, extra-organizacional y del ambiente físico, (5) además, las variables sociodemográficas se relacionan significativamente de la siguiente forma: sexo y factor ambiente físico, sexo y satisfacción con la supervisión, sexo y satisfacción con las prestaciones, sexo y satisfacción con el grado de participación, sexo y desempeño laboral, edad y desempeño laboral, hijos y desempeño laboral, número de hijos y desempeño laboral, permanencia laboral y satisfacción con el trabajo, permanencia laboral y desempeño laboral y permanencia laboral y calidad de vida laboral.
EL PENSAMIENTO PRECIENTIFICO SOBRE LA SALUD Y LA ENFERMEDAD
Authors: García José E. 
Published: December 2021

Los conceptos relacionados a la salud y la enfermedad están en el interés humano desde épocas muy antiguas en nuestro desarrollo como especie. Durante la prehistoria, las evidencias de trepanación indican concepciones tempranas de prácticas relacionadas a la salud. En las culturas antiguas, como los asirios, babilonios, egipcios y griegos, estos procesos se asociaron a creencias sobre infl uencias de entes espirituales externos y demonios sobre la mente y el cuerpo. Los griegos y romanos agregaron nuevos conceptos a la práctica médica, aunque varios de los antiguos preceptos subsistieron. El cambio en los marcos de referencia condujo finalmente hacia el más novel campo de la psicología de la salud. El principal objetivo de esta comunicación se concentra en repasar la evolución de las nociones de salud y enfermedad, a partir de sus variantes principales con énfasis en las antiguas formulaciones. El enfoque adoptado es descriptivo y se fundamenta en el estudio de fuentes primarias y secundarias, predominando estas últimas, en un intento por diferenciar las características propias de la etapa precientífi ca de la psicología de las concepciones actuales.