bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impacts Of Socio-Economic Challenge On Long-Term Physical and Mental Health In Retirement Age
Authors: Kwon Ilan , Park Sojung , Kim BoRin , Ryu ByeongJu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Despite consistent evidence on the negative effect of social and economic challenges on health, little is known about the pattern of economic difficulties people experience and the impact of those challenging patterns on long-term health in later life. This study used the national data, Mid Life in the United States (MIDUS 3 in 2013-2014), to identify the different patterns of socio-economic challenges that older Americans (50-64 ages old) experienced during the Recession in 2008 and to examine the impact of past challenging experiences on physical and mental health in their later life. Socio-economic challenges included twenty-six items such as losing or moving a job, missing rent, selling or losing a home, bankruptcy, having debts, and cutting spending. We conducted the latent class analysis and regression while controlling other social determinant factors (e.g., education, employment status, poverty, etc.). The latent class analysis result found five patterns during the Recession: people who experienced various difficulties during the Recession, who moved their jobs, who experienced financial difficulties, who bought a home with decreased debts, and who experienced no difficulty. Compared to people with no challenging experience, those who needed to move their jobs but could make debt off during the Recession reported physically healthier, but not mentally healthier in later life. Interestingly, among this group, women reported more long-term physical health problems than men. The findings suggest the close connection between physical and mental health and the importance of long-term care for mental health among older adults in recovering from socio-economic challenges.
The Relationship Between COVID 19 Anxiety and Dementia Caregivers Burden and Suffering
Authors: Lucas Kaitlyn , Batista-Malat Eleanor , Park Seho , Johns Shelly , Fowler Nicole , Judge Katherine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The impact of COVID-19 on dementia caregivers is gaining new interest. It is unknown how the pandemic has impacted caregivers’ burden and existential suffering. Analyses were performed on data for dementia caregivers (n=89) enrolled in the Indiana University Telephone Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Caregivers (TACTICs) pilot trials. Individuals were primary caregivers of a family member with dementia and had clinically significant anxiety measured by a GAD-7 score &gt;10 or between 5-9 with reported interference in life. COVID-19 anxiety was measured using the NIH CoRonavIruS Health Impact Survey (CRISIS) questions. Caregivers were on average 55.2 years of age with 56.2% being child or child-in-law, 71.9% were white and 24.7% were Black. Mean burden scores, measured by the Zarit Burden Index, were higher (44.29) compared to means reported across the literature (26.7) indicating the sample experienced higher than normal levels of burden. Mean existential suffering scores measured by the subscale of Experience of Suffering Scale were lower (9.37) compared to means across the literature (11.5) indicating that overall participants experienced lower levels of existential suffering compared to those in previous studies. A significant relationship was found between COVID-19 anxiety and burden levels (x2= 9.07, p&lt;0.05), with higher levels of COVID-19 anxiety associated with greater burden. A non-significant relationship was found between COVID-19 anxiety and existential suffering (x2=5.99, p=0.11). Results highlight the impact of COVID-19 anxiety as an external stressor on dementia caregiving. and the importance of considering context of external stressors when implementing intervention protocols for caregivers of individuals with dementia.
Adapting an Advance Care Planning Website for Persons With Dementia in Nursing Homes During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Morgan Brianna , Behrens Liza , Talwar Sonia , Summerhayes Emily , Ersek Mary , Hodgson Nancy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We partnered with a national for-profit nursing home (NH) organization to test the acceptability and use of an advance care planning (ACP) website for people living with dementia using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. Concurrently, the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately impacted NHs and halted in-person research. We will present challenges, opportunities, and adaptations in site engagement, recruitment, and data collection. Initially, NHs were overwhelmed by pandemic efforts and research staff were unable to enter sites. We capitalized on time and available resources by beta-testing the website in a comparable population and designing surveys to elicit COVID-19’s impact on ACP. Once able, NH staff took on recruitment and data collection efforts intended for research staff. We supported NHs by pivoting to remote data collection, providing technology on site, and offering flexible communication. Flexibility is key in supporting site engagement, recruitment, and data collection and has implications for designing pragmatic RCTs.
Conducting a Cluster RCT on Medication Safety in Nursing Units Overtaxed by the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nuckols Teryl , Seferian Ed , Coleman Bernice , Berdahl Carl , Cohen Tara , Henreid Andrew 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Medication errors continue to harm many hospitalized patients. In other high-risk industries, voluntary incident reporting is widely used to improve safety. Reporting is widely used in hospitals, but not as effectively. This AHRQ-funded cluster RCT will assess the effects of the SAFE Loop, which includes five enhancements in incident reporting implemented on hospital nursing units. Analyses will compare changes in nurses’ attitudes toward reporting, event reporting rates, report quality, and medication event rates between intervention and control arms. The COVID-19 pandemic has created both obstacles and opportunities. The intervention requires study staff to engage nursing unit directors, attend daily nursing “huddles”, and train overtaxed front-line nurses in a geographic area greatly impacted by COVID-19 surges. This created uncertainty around the best time to start the trial. Conversely, we have collected unique data on the implications of COVID-19 for medication safety while testing our instruments during the trial preparation phase.
Addressing COVID-19 Barriers to Clinical Trial Enrollment and Implementation in the PHARM-DC Study
Authors: Pevnick Joshua , Keller Michelle , Kennelty Korey , Ko Michelle , Murry Logan , Nguyen An , Henreid Andrew , Schnipper Jeffrey 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Recent hospitalization puts older adults at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug events (ADEs) that are a common cause of hospital readmission. Yet, most ADEs are preventable. The PHARMacist Discharge Care (PHARM-DC) study is a multi-site randomized controlled trial that seeks to evaluate the effect of pharmacist-led peri- and post-discharge interventions on 30-day hospital readmissions among older adults taking ≥10 medications or ≥3 high-risk medications. The PHARM-DC intervention includes pharmacist-led patient counseling, medication reconciliation at discharge, and a follow-up phone call post-discharge. We will highlight study protocol adaptations undertaken during the COVID-19 pandemic to address challenges to enrollment and to minimize risk of COVID-19 exposure for study participants and research personnel. Additionally, we will share insights from focus groups and semi-structured interviews with pharmacist interventionists and pharmacy leaders on barriers and facilitators to implementation due to the pandemic and strategies for future clinical trials to overcome barriers.
IPE in LTC Immersion Experience: Creating a Bridge to Careers in Long-Term Care
Authors: Hebdon Megan Thomas , Wilson Christina , Bernier-Carney Catherine , Telonidis Jacqueline , Chase-Cantarini susan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Utah Geriatric Education Consortium seeks to enhance healthcare provider workforce capacity. The purpose of our interprofessional education (IPE) in Long Term Care (LTC) course is to enhance students’ understanding of team-based care for older adults, presenting avenues for career opportunities. The course was offered via distance learning technology to adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic. Health sciences students (n=55) enrolled in the course and completed pre- and post-course work asynchronously. The course also included a two-hour virtual session in partnership with a LTC interprofessional team with a resident case study and discussion using the 4M’s Framework. We will discuss the a) COVID-19 course adaptations, b) IPE case study using the 4M’s Framework to help students conceptualize older adult care, and c) student pre- and post-course discussion responses demonstrating their prior experience with older adults and course impact on their views about caring for older adults in LTC settings.
The Perks of Doing Housework: Its Impacts on Physical Health, Mental Well-Being, Cognitive Performance, and Survival
Authors: Chu Li , Gong Xianmin , Lay Jennifer , Zhang Fan , Kwok Timothy , Fung Helene 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Previous research has shown mixed results regarding the effects of doing housework. While some earlier studies have found no association between performing heavy housework and health, other studies have found various benefits of doing housework, including body leanness and lower mortality rate. This study examined the effects of housework on older adults’ survival over a period of 14 years, and investigated the underlying mechanisms. A total of 2,768 older adults in Hong Kong (female: 47.29%; age: 65-98) from a longitudinal survey study were included in the current analyses. Linear regression analysis revealed that doing more housework was significantly associated with surviving more days (β = 45.36, SE = 6.40, p &lt; .001). We then examined whether the association between housework and survival was mediated by physical health, mental health and/or cognitive functioning using a parallel mediation model with multiple mediators. Results showed a significant partial mediating effect of physical health (β = 1.20, SE = .53, p = .003), a marginally significant partial mediating effect of cognitive functioning (β = 1.35, SE = .70, p = .054) and no mediating effect of mental health. All the analyses remained consistent after controlling for sex, education, marital status, subjective social status and living arrangement. These results suggest that doing housework may benefit survival by improving physical and cognitive functioning. Our findings have implications for better understanding factors that influence mortality, developing accessible physical activity interventions for older adults, and supporting aging in place.
Heterogeneity in Vulnerability and Resilience Among Centenarians
Authors: Jopp Daniela , Lampraki Charikleia , Spini Dario 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Given their exceptional longevity, centenarians have long been considered as examples of successful aging. Yet, with increases in empirical studies, findings suggest that they may show vulnerability and resilience at the same time. This symposium offers a more in-depth perspective on both constructs in centenarians. Zaccaria and colleagues investigated the link between social isolation and loneliness within the Fordham Centenarian Study. Results indicate the existence of four subgroups combining expressions of isolation and loneliness, suggesting different vulnerability patterns in centenarians. Uittenhove and colleagues analyzed patterns of coping strategies in the Second Heidelberg Centenarian Study. Cluster analysis identified two coping profiles, one characterized by a wide coping repertoire including problem-directed and internal strategies, while the other showed low problem-solving. Lampraki and Jopp examined the effects of (lacking) resources and psychological strengths (optimism) on depressive symptoms in the Fordham Centenarian Study. Findings suggest that the effect of resources is mediated by psychological strengths, demonstrating their beneficial value in very old age. Jopp and colleagues report findings from the ongoing SWISS100 Study. Based on telephone interviews conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, they found that centenarians did not feel vulnerable. While half of the centenarians and their proxies reported no changes in everyday life, the other half experienced substantial challenges due to lack of activities and absence of social contacts due to governmental regulations. In sum, centenarians are vulnerable and resilient at the same time, highlighting the future research needs on its predictors, and the application of this knowledge within the context of crisis.
Loneliness and Social Isolation Among Centenarians and Near-Centenarians: Results From the Fordham Centenarian Study
Authors: Zaccaria Daniele , Cavalli Stefano , Masotti Barbara , Jopp Daniela 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Although loneliness and social isolation are often discussed together, they are mainly examined separately. The few studies examining both concepts simultaneously focus usually on the wider category of older people (65+), with no or little attention to very old age. Our main aim was to investigate loneliness and social isolation in combination among near-centenarians and centenarians. Analyzing data from the Fordham Centenarian Study (N=94; MAge=99.2; range=95-107), we found no or very weak associations between loneliness and social isolation. Combining measures of loneliness (UCLA Loneliness scale) and social isolation (Lubben Scale) we built a typology with four different groups (Not lonely or isolated; Lonely and isolated; Lonely but not isolated; Isolated but not lonely). The factors that most strongly predicted the distribution among these four groups were gender, widowhood, education, and self-rated health. Findings highlight the importance of jointly studying both concepts to better understand social risks in very old age.
Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adult Day Services
Authors: Marx Katherine , Gitlin Laura , Sadarangani Tina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Adult day service (ADS) centers serve an important role in care provision for people living with dementia (PLWD). These programs provide socialization, activities, and access to many therapies for PLWD. Additionally, they offer respite to family caregivers so they can work, run errands, and recharge. In March 2020, like much of the nation, ADS sites across the nation were shut down. This left many PLWD and their caregivers without access to the services they depended on to manage day to day care. It also left many sites without a revenue source to pay employees and maintain buildings. Almost a year later, many states have still not reopened ADS and sites that have reopened have done so with a lower census, increased costs, and the lingering fear of a second closure. Much focus has been on the care of older adults in nursing homes or other residential long-term care settings but the challenges of ADS and the people they serve has been mostly ignored. The purpose of this symposium is to highlight the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on ADS centers. Holly Dabelko-Schoeny will present data gathered from ADS Centers across Ohio. Lauren Parker, will then present data from ADS sites across the United States that examines the effect of COVID-19 on closures and programming during the closures. Katherine Marx will present the effect of ADS closures on family caregivers of persons living with dementia. Finally, Joseph Gaugler will explore this from a policy perspective and provide recommendations moving forward.
Innovative Population and Intervention Research for LGBTQ+ Older Adults With Dementia in a COVID World
Authors: Emlet Charles , Goldsen Karen Fredriksen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This past year, the lives of vulnerable older adults, including those within the older LGBTQ+ community have been disrupted dramatically, as has the research agendas designed to improve their lives. Older people, including LGBTQ+ older adults with dementia, have been placed at increased risk for social isolation and mental health issues during COVID, making viable interventions even more crucial. Additionally, how research is conducted within these communities needed to be adjusted in order to preserve viability. This symposium draws upon data from the National Health Aging and Sexuality/Gender study, the first longitudinal study of LGBTQ+ older adults in the United States, as well as data from Aging with Pride: IDEA (Innovations in Dementia Empowerment and Action), the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) designed to improve quality of life of LGBTQ+ adults living with dementia and their care partners. (1) Kim and Fredriksen Goldsen examine modifiable behavioral and social factors that can improve quality of life among LGBTQ+ older adults with cognitive impairment. (2) Fredriksen Goldsen, Teri, Emlet and colleagues present initial efficacy findings from the IDEA study and how the intervention needed to be altered to be viable in a COVID world. (3) The importance of Motivational Interviewing (MI) as part of a LGBTQ+ sensitive intervention designed for LGBTQ+ older adults with dementia and their care partners is discussed by Petros, Fredriksen Goldsen and Teri. As COVID continues to impact vulnerable populations as well as research and service delivery, identifying new and innovative strategies will become increasingly important.
Pileup of Insufficient Sleep and Day-to-Day Trajectories of Affective and Physical Well-Being
Authors: Lee Soomi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study examined whether and how pileup of insufficient sleep is associated with day-to-day trajectories of affective and physical well-being. Participants from the Midlife in the United States Study (N=1,795) provided diary data for eight days. Pileup of insufficient sleep was operationalized as the number of consecutive nights with &lt;6 hours of sleep. Multilevel models evaluated the linear, quadratic, and cubic effects of pileup of insufficient sleep on daily well-being, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates. Daily negative affect increased and positive affect decreased in curvilinear fashion as the pileup of insufficient sleep increased. For example, daily negative affect increased, but the rate of increase decelerated as the pileup of insufficient sleep increased. In the days most distal to baseline, the rate of increase in negative affect accelerated again. Results were consistent for physical symptoms. Findings suggest that making efforts to break the vicious cycle of insufficient sleep may protect daily well-being.
Associations of Daily Sleep and Stress With Rumination: An Ecological Momentary Assessment and Actigraphy Study
Authors: Vigoureux Taylor , Lee Soomi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Unconstructive repetitive thoughts are indicative of rumination about daily experiences. Given that poor sleep is associated with greater reactivity to daily stressors, we examined joint associations of daily sleep and stress with daily rumination. 143 nurses completed 14 days of ecological momentary assessments (EMA; assessments of daily sleep, stress, and rumination) and actigraphy. After controlling for age, sex, education, income, inpatient vs. outpatient nurse, workday, and day vs. night shift, there were significant joint associations of sleep and stress with daily rumination. Daily rumination was lowest when lower (-1SD) stressor severity or stressor frequency were paired with longer (+1SD) EMA or actigraphy sleep duration. Daily rumination was highest when higher stressor frequency was paired with higher actigraphy wake after sleep onset (i.e., poorer sleep quality). Future studies should assess whether rumination about daily experiences is associated with quality of patient care provided by nurses in a hospital setting.
Acceptance of Tele-Technology-Based Mind-Body Classes for Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Cohen Kara , Griffiths Patricia , Mitzner Tracy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) face many challenges, including cognitive declines and reduced independence which are associated with poor health outcomes. Although there is no cure for MCI, mind-body exercise classes may improve cognitive function and reduce risk of falls (Wayne, Yeh, & Mehta, 2018). However, such classes are often not accessible for individuals with MCI due to lack of transportation, fear of being stigmatized, or inability to find instructors who have experience working with individuals with MCI (Hobson & Middleton, 2008; Rimmer, 2005). Tele-technology, such as video-conferencing software, has the potential to remove barriers to participation by allowing individuals to attend classes from home. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of using tele-technology to deliver mind-body classes to individuals with MCI. We evaluated technology acceptance and usability for OneClick.chat, a web-based video-conferencing platform designed for older adults. Stakeholders (4 subject matter experts, 2 individuals with MCI, and 2 care partners) participated in a user study that included questionnaires and a short interview. The technology acceptance data indicate that OneClick.chat was perceived as easy to use. Some individuals expressed privacy and security concerns which could be addressed with additional education and support. These findings have implications for interface design, education, and training for deployment of tele-technology delivered mind-body classes for those with MCI.
Body Mass Index Trajectory and Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment Among African American Older Adults
Authors: Morgan Adrienne Aiken , Capuano Ana , Wilson Robert , Barnes Lisa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Previous research suggests a decline in body mass index (BMI) among older adults is associated with negative health outcomes, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and incident dementia (Gao et al., 2011). However, few studies have examined BMI longitudinal trajectories and how they change after MCI diagnosis among older African Americans. To characterize trajectories of change in BMI among older African American participants with no cognitive impairment at baseline we used data from the Minority Aging Research Study, MARS (N=408, 76.5% women, mean age = 73.5, mean education = 15.0). We constructed piecewise linear mixed-effects models that included a random intercept and two random slopes. The first slope began at baseline. The second slope began at MCI diagnosis allowing for acceleration in the rate of decline after the diagnosis. The results showed BMI declined over time (B=-0.19, SE=0.04, p&lt;.001), and there was a faster decline after MCI (additional decline, B=-0.18, SE=0.068, p=.007). In a second model controlling for age, higher education was associated with a lower BMI at baseline (B=-0.36, SE=0.092, p&lt;.001) but slower decline before MCI (B=0.02, SE=0.006, p=.001). However, after MCI the decline of participants with higher education was faster (B=-0.06, SE=0.022, p=.003). These results suggest an accelerated decline in BMI following MCI diagnosis, with higher education related to an even faster BMI decline, possibly a consequence of cognitive reserve.