bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential and Concurrent Internet-Telephone Mixed-Mode Designs in Sexual Health Behavior Research
Authors: Legleye Stéphane , Charrance Géraldine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe 2013 FECOND (Fertility, Contraception, and Sexual Dysfunction) probability telephone survey aims to monitor sexual health behaviors among fifteen to forty-nine year olds in France. We conducted a random experiment to compare a classic telephone survey (group T, n = 3,846 respondents) with two Internet-telephone mixed-mode protocols: a sequential Internet-telephone protocol (group S, n = 762, among which there were 462 Internet questionnaires), and a concurrent protocol (group C, n = 1,165, among which there were 208 Internet questionnaires). We compare telephone (T), sequential (S), and concurrent (C) samples on cooperation rates, break-off, and item nonresponse rates, sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and seven sexual health behaviors and personal opinions questions. Reports on the most sensitive behaviors were expected to be more truthful and more prevalent on the Internet—and thus in the mixed-mode samples—than in the telephone sample. The cooperation rate (i.e., the response rate among the possible respondents selected during the initial telephone call) was higher in the classic telephone survey than in the sequential and concurrent mixed-mode protocols (88 percent for T versus 77 percent for S and 55 percent for C), where break-off and item nonresponse rates were also higher. Despite these lower response rates, mixed-mode samples showed better representativeness: their marginal distribution of sociodemographic characteristics was closer to that of the 2013 census, and they had higher R-indicators. A causal estimation of the measurement effect resulting from Internet administration found higher prevalence of three out of the seven sexual health behaviors and personal opinions in the sequential protocol compared to the classic telephone group; a similar pattern was found in the concurrent protocol. In addition, the variance of the weights of the mixed-mode protocols is lower, especially for the sequential design. Sequential telephone-Internet mixed-mode protocols nested in a probability telephone survey may be a good way to improve survey research on sensitive behaviors.
The Confiscated Library of William Macintosh in the Bibliothèque Municipale d’Avignon
Authors: Keighren Innes M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In 1795, the private library of William Macintosh, author of Travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa (1782), was seized from his home in Avignon by the revolutionary authorities. Using the inventory of this seizure as a guide, this note presents a reconstruction of Macintosh’s library and identifies those books that exist today in the collections of the Bibliothèque municipale d’Avignon.
Redshift-space distortions with split densities
Authors: Paillas Enrique , Cai Yan-Chuan , Padilla Nelson , Sánchez Ariel G 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Accurate modelling of redshift-space distortions (RSD) is challenging in the non-linear regime for two-point statistics e.g. the two-point correlation function (2PCF). We take a different perspective to split the galaxy density field according to the local density, and cross-correlate those densities with the entire galaxy field. Using mock galaxies, we demonstrate that combining a series of cross-correlation functions (CCFs) offers improvements over the 2PCF as follows: (1) The distribution of peculiar velocities in each split density is nearly Gaussian. This allows the Gaussian streaming model for RSD to perform accurately within the statistical errors of a ($1.5\, h^{-1}$ Gpc)3 volume for almost all scales and all split densities. (2) The probability distribution of the density contrast at small scales is non-Gaussian, but the CCFs of split densities capture the non-Gaussianity, leading to improved cosmological constraints over the 2PCF. We can obtain unbiased constraints on the growth parameter fσ12 at the per cent level, and Alcock–Paczynski (AP) parameters at the sub-per cent level with the minimal scale of $15\, h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$. This is a ∼30 per cent and ∼6 times improvement over the 2PCF, respectively. The diverse and steep slopes of the CCFs at small scales are likely to be responsible for the improved constraints of AP parameters. (3) Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) are contained in all CCFs of split densities. Including BAO scales helps to break the degeneracy between the line-of-sight and transverse AP parameters, allowing independent constraints on them. We discuss and compare models for RSD around spherical densities.
The entry geometry and velocity of planetary debris into the Roche sphere of a white dwarf
Authors: Veras Dimitri , Georgakarakos Nikolaos , Mustill Alexander J , Malamud Uri , Cunningham Tim , Dobbs-Dixon Ian 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Our knowledge of white dwarf planetary systems predominately arises from the region within a few Solar radii of the white dwarfs, where minor planets breakup, form rings and discs, and accrete on to the star. The entry location, angle, and speed into this Roche sphere has rarely been explored but crucially determines the initial geometry of the debris, accretion rates on to the photosphere, and ultimately the composition of the minor planet. Here, we evolve a total of over 105 asteroids with single-planet N-body simulations across the giant branch and white dwarf stellar evolution phases to quantify the geometry of asteroid injection into the white dwarf Roche sphere as a function of planetary mass and eccentricity. We find that lower planetary masses increase the extent of anisotropic injection and decrease the probability of head-on (normal to the Roche sphere) encounters. Our results suggest that one can use dynamical activity within the Roche sphere to make inferences about the hidden architectures of these planetary systems.
High [O iii]/[C ii] surface brightness ratios trace early starburst galaxies
Authors: Vallini L , Ferrara A , Pallottini A , Carniani S , Gallerani S 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
We study the impact of deviations from the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation (quantified by the ‘burstiness’ parameter κs), gas metallicity (Z), and density (n) on the observed [O iii]88 μm/[C ii]158 μm surface brightness ratios (Σ[O iii]/Σ[C ii]) in nine galaxies at z ≈ 6−9. We first discuss possible biases in the measured Σ[O iii]/Σ[C ii] ratios by comparing the data with zoom-in cosmological simulations and then use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to derive the best-fitting values of (κs, Z, n). We find that (i) the strongest dependence of Σ[O iii]/Σ[C ii] is on κs; (ii) high ratios identify starburst galaxies with short gas depletion times ($t_{\rm dep}=6-49\, \rm Myr$); (iii) a secondary dependence on density is found, with Σ[O iii]/Σ[C ii] anticorrelating with n as a result of the lower [O iii] critical density; and (iv) the ratio weakly depends only on Z. The nine galaxies are significantly enriched (Z = 0.2−0.5 Z⊙) and dense n ≈ 101−3 cm−3. This lends further support to the starburst scenario in which a rapid enrichment of the interstellar medium is expected.
Dating individual quasars with the He ii proximity effect
Authors: Worseck Gábor , Khrykin Ilya S , Hennawi Joseph F , Prochaska J Xavier , Farina Emanuele Paolo 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Constraints on the time-scales of quasar activity are key to understanding the formation and growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), quasar triggering mechanisms, and possible feedback effects on their host galaxies. However, observational estimates of this so-called quasar lifetime are highly uncertain (tQ ∼ 104–109 yr), because most methods are indirect and involve many model-dependent assumptions. Direct evidence of earlier activity is gained from the higher ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) in the quasar environs, observable as enhanced Ly α transmission in the so-called proximity zone. Due to the ∼30 Myr equilibration time-scale of He ii in the z ∼ 3 IGM, the size of the He ii proximity zone depends on the time the quasar had been active before our observation ton ≤ tQ, enabling up to ±0.2 dex precise measurements of individual quasar on-times that are comparable to the e-folding time-scale tS ∼ 44 Myr of SMBH growth. Here we present the first statistical sample of 13 quasars whose accurate and precise systemic redshifts allow for measurements of sufficiently precise He ii quasar proximity zone sizes between ≃2 and ≃15 proper Mpc from science-grade Hubble Space Telescope (HST) spectra. Comparing these sizes to predictions from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations post-processed with 1D radiative transfer, we infer a broad range of quasar on-times from ton ≲ 1 Myr to ton &gt; 30 Myr that does not depend on quasar luminosity, black hole mass, or Eddington ratio. These results point to episodic quasar activity over a long duty cycle, but do not rule out substantial SMBH growth during phases of radiative inefficiency or obscuration.
Mechanical diversity and folding intermediates of parallel-stranded G-quadruplexes with a bulge
Authors: Zhang Yashuo , Cheng Yuanlei , Chen Juannan , Zheng Kewei , You Huijuan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A significant number of sequences in the human genome form noncanonical G-quadruplexes (G4s) with bulges or a guanine vacancy. Here, we systematically characterized the mechanical stability of parallel-stranded G4s with a one to seven nucleotides bulge at various positions. Our results show that G4-forming sequences with a bulge form multiple conformations, including fully-folded G4 with high mechanical stability (unfolding forces &gt; 40 pN), partially-folded intermediates (unfolding forces &lt; 40 pN). The folding probability and folded populations strongly depend on the positions and lengths of the bulge. By combining a single-molecule unfolding assay, dimethyl sulfate (DMS) footprinting, and a guanine-peptide conjugate that selectively stabilizes guanine-vacancy-bearing G-quadruplexes (GVBQs), we identified that GVBQs are the major intermediates of G4s with a bulge near the 5′ or 3′ ends. The existence of multiple structures may induce different regulatory functions in many biological processes. This study also demonstrates a new strategy for selectively stabilizing the intermediates of bulged G4s to modulate their functions.
Rational gRNA design based on transcription factor binding data
Authors: Bergenholm David , Dabirian Yasaman , Ferreira Raphael , Siewers Verena , David Florian , Nielsen Jens 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system has become a standard tool in many genome engineering endeavors. The endonuclease-deficient version of Cas9 (dCas9) is also a powerful programmable tool for gene regulation. In this study, we made use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae transcription factor (TF) binding data to obtain a better understanding of the interplay between TF binding and binding of dCas9 fused to an activator domain, VPR. More specifically, we targeted dCas9–VPR toward binding sites of Gcr1–Gcr2 and Tye7 present in several promoters of genes encoding enzymes engaged in the central carbon metabolism. From our data, we observed an upregulation of gene expression when dCas9–VPR was targeted next to a TF binding motif, whereas a downregulation or no change was observed when dCas9 was bound on a TF motif. This suggests a steric competition between dCas9 and the specific TF. Integrating TF binding data, therefore, proved to be useful for designing guide RNAs for CRISPR interference or CRISPR activation applications.
Determining the phosphorus release of GraINzyme phytase in diets for nursery pigs
Authors: Becker Larissa L , Wensley Madie R , DeRouchey Joel M , Woodworth Jason C , Tokach Mike D , Goodband Robert D , Gebhardt Jordan T , Raab R Michael , Lessard Philip A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the available P (aP) release curve for a new phytase source, GraINzyme Phytase (Agrivida Inc., Woburn, MA), which is expressed in corn containing an engineered Escherichia coli phytase called Phy02. Plant-expressed phytases are created by inserting phytase-encoding genes into plants resulting in their ability to produce seeds with increased concentrations of phytase. A total of 360 pigs (Line 200 × 400, DNA, Columbus, NE, initially 9.9 ± 0.19 kg) were used in a 21-d growth study. Pigs were weaned at approximately 21 d of age, randomly allotted to pens based on initial body weight (BW) and fed common starter diets. From days 18 to 21 postweaning, all pigs were fed a diet containing 0.11% aP. On day 21 postweaning, considered day 0 of the study, pens were blocked by BW and randomly allotted to one of eight dietary treatments with five pigs per pen and nine pens per treatment. Dietary treatments were formulated to include increasing aP derived from either an inorganic P source (0.11%, 0.19%, or 0.27% from monocalcium P) or increasing phytase (150, 250, 500, 1,000, or 1,500 FTU/kg). Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and contained 1.24% standardized ileal digestible Lys. On day 21 of the trial, one pig per pen (weighing closest to the mean pen BW) was euthanized and the right fibula was collected to determine bone ash using the nondefatted processing method. Overall (days 0 to 21), pigs fed increasing aP from inorganic P or phytase had increased (linear, P &lt; 0.002) average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain-to-feed (G:F; quadratic, P &lt; 0.05). Bone ash weight (g) and percentage bone ash increased (linear, P &lt; 0.001), with increasing inorganic P or added phytase. Based on the composition of the diets used in this study, the release equations developed for GraINzyme for ADG, G:F, bone ash weight, and percentage bone ash are as follows: aP = (0.255 × FTU)/(1299.969 + FTU), aP = (0.233 × FTU)/(1236.428 + FTU), aP = (45999.949 × FTU)/(462529200 + FTU), and aP = (0.272 × FTU)/(2576.581 + FTU), respectively.
Clinical characteristics, management, and short term outcome of neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital in India
Authors: Malik Sushma , Surve Suchitra , Wade Poonam , Kondekar Santosh , Sawant Vishal , Shaikh Murtuja , Kuppusamy Periyasamy , Bharmal Ramesh , Mahale Smita D , Modi Deepak N , Gajbhiye Rahul K 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Lay summary
The current pandemic of COVID-19 has affected all the countries globally. However, the adverse impact of the pandemic is more seen in the low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although there is evidence on the adverse impact of the SARS-CoV-2 on the health of mothers and neonates, the evidence is mainly from high-income countries. For reducing the mortality and morbidity due to COVID-19 in LMICs, there is a need to generate evidence from the LMICs. The present study is a part of the National Registry of pregnant women with COVID-19 in India (PregCovid registry). Our study demonstrates a higher risk of adverse outcomes such as neonatal sepsis and death in the SARS-CoV-2 infected as compared to the non-infected neonates. The study also showed the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 6.3% of neonates born to mothers with COVID-19.

Introduction
We describe the clinical characteristics, management, and short-term outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India.

Methods
The study is a retrospective analysis of 524 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 admitted from 14th April 2020 to 31st July 2020.

Results
SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected in 6.3% of the newborns of the mothers with COVID-19. No significant differences were observed between maturity at gestation, birth weight and sex of SARS-CoV-2 infected and non-infected newborns. The risk of sepsis was 4.09 (95% CI,1.28-13.00) fold higher in the neonates with SARS-CoV-2 as compared to the non-infected group (p = 0.031). Poor feeding was significantly more common among SARS-CoV-2 infected neonates (12.1%) as compared to the non-infected neonates (2.7%) (p = 0.017). There was a total of 13 neonatal deaths, of which 3 deaths occurred in SARS-CoV-2 infected neonates (9%) while 10 (3%) in the SAR-CoV-2 negative group. The risk of neonatal death was higher in SARS-CoV-2 infected newborns (OR 4.8; 95% CI 1.25-18.36).

Conclusion
Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection is observed in almost 6% of neonates born to mothers with perinatal COVID-19. There is a higher risk of adverse outcomes such as neonatal sepsis and death in the SARS-CoV-2 infected as compared to the non-infected neonates.
Time to Reconsider Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?
Authors: Grant Jon E. , Baldwin David S. , Chamberlain Samuel R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Purpose/Background
Despite the availability of a range of efficacious evidence-based treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), not all patients experience sufficient benefit or are able to tolerate them in practice. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) show efficacy in the treatment of depression and certain anxiety disorders (such as social anxiety disorder).

Methods/Procedures
We survey the evidence base from case reports, and clinical trials, regarding use of MAOIs in OCD. We then present new data from a case series collected in routine clinical practice in a specialist clinical service.

Findings/Results
In 9 treatment-resistant patients whose OCD had not improved with at least 2 standard treatment trials, 3 had marked clinical improvement (>35% improvement on YBOCS) on phenelzine, 3 had some improvement (15–34.9%), and 3 showed minimal or no improvement (<15%). In the 3 patients who experienced minimal/no improvement, 2 had discontinued early because of lack of tolerability, and the other patient discontinued after 4 weeks because of perceived lack of symptom benefit.

Implications/Conclusions
We suggest that (1) MAOIs in treatment-resistant OCD require appropriate research scrutiny in large-scale randomized controlled trials; and (2) MAOIs merit consideration as a treatment option in individual cases of OCD, particularly in specialist settings where first-line interventions have proven inadequate to manage severe symptoms.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa: An Exploration of Genetic Perturbations and Immune Dysregulation
Authors: Preda-Naumescu Ana , Ahmed Hana N. , Mayo Tiffany T. , Yusuf Nabiha 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that poses a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for clinicians, as the underlying etiology and pathogenesis remains unclear. The host of genetic mutations and immune dysfunction has been identified to be involved in the pathogenesis of HS during recent years. These genetic defects, including monogenetic mutations altering subunits of γ-secretase, a protease that functions through Notch signaling to maintain skin appendages, promote epithelial stability, suppress/terminate innate immune responses (ie, Toll-receptors), further have the propensity to induce aberrant cytokine responses that create to a proinflammatory environment, consequently induce hyperkeratosis and promote expression of pro-inflammatory, locally destructive matrix metalloproteinases. Cytokine-driven inflammation propagates the disease state of HS and contributes to the formation of painful subcutaneous nodules, abscesses, and eventually, fistulas and draining sinus tracts. A closer look at genetic mutations linked to the disease may explain the immune perturbations seen in HS. An understanding of the immune cells and inflammatory markers expressed in affected individuals provides insight into disease pathogenesis and can help identify therapeutic targets.
Genetic Predisposition to Numerous Large Ulcerating Basal Cell Carcinomas and Response to Immune Therapy
Authors: Dasgeb Bahar , Youssefian Leila , Saeidian Amir Hossein , Kang Jun , Shi Wenyin , Shoenberg Elizabeth , Ertel Adam , Fortina Paolo , Vahidnezhad Hassan , Uitto Jouni 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Well-defined germ-line mutations in the PTCH1 gene are associated with syndromic multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). Here, we used whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify the role of patched-1 in patients with multiple, unusually large BCCs.

Methods:
A 72-year old patient presenting with numerous BCCs progressing to large ulcerating lesions was enrolled. WES was used to identify the pathogenic gene locus.

Results:
Genetic work-up by WES identified a homozygous PTCH1 nonsense mutation in the tumor tissue but not present in her blood cells or in non-lesional skin. In addition, heterozygous missense mutations were identified in three cancer-associated genes (EPHB2, RET, and GALNT12) in blood cells as well as in lesional and non-lesional skin. We also tested systemic immune therapy as a potentially beneficial approach to treat patients with numerous large BCCs on scatted areas of involvement. A rapid and sustained response to nivolumab was noted, suggesting that it is an efficacious drug for long-term therapeutic outcome.

Conclusion:

PTCH1, EPHB2, RET, and GALNT12 may potentially contribute to the synergistic oncogene driven malignant transformation manifesting as multiple, unusually large BCCs.
Allies in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery
Authors: Cannada Lisa K. , Dart Bradley , Dehghan Niloofar , Jeray Kyle , Miller Anna N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
From the casting couch to the board room, the media, and beyond, the topic of sexual harassment and bullying can no longer be ignored. Sexual harassment and bullying in medicine has the potential to be the next big headline on these topics. The culture in medicine and especially the hierarchy in surgery often permit this behavior. To improve the culture in orthopaedic surgery regarding sexual harassment and bullying, education must occur. With education, comes acknowledgment and recognition. This permits an ability to act on and improve the culture. This paper will start the dialogue of this difficult topic and provide a call to action for sexual harassment and bullying to become “Never events”.
Asexual freshwater snails make poor mate choice decisions
Authors: Stork Sydney , Jalinsky Joseph , Neiman Maurine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOnce-useful traits that no longer contribute to fitness tend to decay over time. Here, we address whether the expression of mating-related traits that increase the fitness of sexually reproducing individuals but are likely less useful or even costly to asexual counterparts seems to exhibit decay in the latter. Potamopyrgus antipodarum is a New Zealand freshwater snail characterized by repeated transitions from sexual to asexual reproduction. The frequent coexistence of sexual and asexual lineages makes P. antipodarum an excellent model for the study of mating-related trait loss. We used a mating choice assay including sexual and asexual P. antipodarum females and conspecific (presumed better choice) vs. heterospecific (presumed worse choice) males to evaluate the loss of behavioral traits related to sexual reproduction. We found that sexual females engaged in mating behaviors with conspecific mating partners more frequently and for a greater duration than with heterospecific mating partners. By contrast, asexual females mated at similar frequency and duration as sexual females, but did not mate more often or for longer duration with conspecific vs. heterospecific males. These results are consistent with a scenario where selection acting to maintain mate choice in asexual P. antipodarum is weak or ineffective relative to sexual females and, thus, where asexual reproduction contributes to the evolutionary decay of mating-related traits in this system.