bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crisis Management and Resilience Building Through the Women in Red Protest: The Handmaid's Tale Performances in Response to Israel's Judicial Overhaul
Authors: Ashwall‐Yakar Rachelly , Abboud Armaly Oriana , Bracha Smadar , Hashash Hadar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the resilience building and public crisis management led by the “Building an Alternative” feminine NGO in Israel during the 2023 mass demonstrations against the judicial overhaul. The proposed judicial overhaul was perceived as a threat to both democratic foundations and women's rights in Israel. Raising awareness of women's rights through the “Women in Red” (WIR) protest using the “Handmaid's Tale” Parades was instrumental in restraining the planned reform's potential negative outcomes. The study discusses the importance of identifying a potential threat and using a crisis management approach through public performances to address it. We investigated the nature of the protest activity to assess its effectiveness, from the public perspective, in building resilience and raising awareness of women's rights issues. These issues were examined by an online questionnaire (N = 185) addressing attitudes regarding the protest. The results of the study show an increased awareness and engagement with women's rights issues, which was attributed to WIR protest efforts. The use of prominent visuals in the WIR protest led by the organization directly contributed to its ability to build resilience for women's rights and to enhance understanding of the potential threats of judicial overhaul among the Israeli public. This study emphasizes propaganda's role in women's protests as a significant tool for building resilience. It also stretches the boundaries of crisis management models by revealing an integration of pre‐crisis and response phases in the “Women in Red” protest.
“G” and ESG Strategy Integration and Disclosure: Exploring the Governance‐Related Factors That Influence Companies' Decision‐Making
Authors: Krasodomska Joanna , Eisenschmidt Karsten 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntegrating environmental and social considerations into business strategies is critical to progress toward achieving sustainable development. The paper utilizes a sample comprising 364 companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) to identify the relationship between companies' corporate governance mechanisms and their environmental, social, and governance (ESG)‐related strategic and reporting decisions. The timeframe of the study takes into account a key moment characterized by significant changes to the WSE's corporate governance code of best practice. According to the study findings, companies are more likely to integrate social issues into business strategies than they are to integrate environmental concerns. The logit regression results suggest a significant positive relationship between the implementation of both a diversity policy on corporate governance bodies and remuneration mechanisms and the decision to integrate environmental and social issues into a company's business strategy and ESG strategy disclosure. In contrast, the implementation of effective internal management systems is significantly associated only with the decision to integrate social issues into a company's business strategy.
Improved Transformerless PV Inverter for Wide Input‐Voltage Range
Authors: Yao Zhilei , Zhang Ximing , Yang Jie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTVoltage‐source inverters are widely used in solar applications. However, when the voltage of the PV array is less than the peak output voltage of the inverter under shading condition (SC), they should be shut down. Therefore, a boost converter should be inserted between the PV array and the PV inverter (PVI) to boost the voltage of the PV array under SC, but it sustains the full power of the PVI under normal conditions (NCs). To address the problem, an improved transformerless PVI with a minimum power processing unit (MPPU) is proposed. The MPPU is composed of a minimum voltage compensation unit (MVCU) parallelled with a diode. The MVCU does not work under NC, while it only works under SC. The output voltage of the MVCU is the differential voltage between the absolute value of the output voltage of the inverter and the voltage of the PV array under SC, so it sustains the minimum power under SC and can operate in a wide input‐voltage range. The inverter is a single‐stage system, so efficiency of the system is high. The operating principle of the system is illustrated. A cooperative control strategy of the PVI is depicted. Design guidelines and example are given. Finally, experimental results verify the theoretical analysis.
Biogeochemical evidence raises questions on the longevity of warming‐induced growth enhancements in wet boreal forests
Authors: Ziegler Susan E. , Billings Sharon A. , Podrebarac Frances A. , Edwards Kate A. , Skinner Andrea , Buckeridge Kate M. , VandenBoer Trevor C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn wet regions, temperature increases can prompt increases in vegetation growth. Vegetation responses are determined in part by N and P availability, yet the relative importance of N‐ versus P‐cycling supporting growth is unclear. Prompted by studies demonstrating that warming‐enhanced N cycling supports greater productivity and soil C stocks in warmer forests along a wet boreal forest transect, we tested the hypothesis that enhanced organic matter cycling supports greater P demand in relatively warm forests. We further asked whether evidence from soil and litterfall fluxes indicates increases in P demand are met in these forests or potentially pose a limit on warming‐enhanced productivity. Elevated tree growth and litterfall rates coupled with similar litterfall P concentrations suggest P demand is greater at warmer sites. By assessing multiple soil N and P stocks, inputs, and stoichiometry, we observed three lines of evidence indicating that this greater P demand is met through a combination of plant tissue plasticity and adequate surface soil P supplies. First, warming‐enhanced N‐cycling results in an increase in N:P of surface soils and litterfall inputs indicating a reduction in needle litter P relative to N. Second, organic layer C:P and P stocks were maintained across latitude despite increases in litterfall P inputs in the warmest forests suggesting increased cycling and retention of P by trees. Third, in contrast with soil N, estimates of soil P residence times are not coupled with those of C, and soil C:P does not correlate with tree growth across sites signifying that N, not P, may limit tree growth in these forests. Results here provide evidence that increased productivity with warming and enhanced N cycling in wet boreal forests is not likely to be limited by available P over the decadal timescale represented by the temperature gradient along this climate transect. However, similarities observed between warming‐enhanced N availability in the current study's forests and that in boreal forests receiving high N additions indicate a need to better understand how boreal trees may adapt to shifts away from N limitation. Such new knowledge is needed to improve our understanding of the longevity of this important climate feedback.
Aligning urban forest management actions with urban sustainability goals: A multi‐city expert elicitation
Authors: Bassett Corinne G. , Day Susan D. , Konijnendijk Cecil C. , Roman Lara A. , Hemming Victoria 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCity leaders are setting ambitious plans to achieve critical urban sustainability goals such as reducing urban heat, mitigating flooding during storms, and conserving biodiversity, and increasingly rely on urban forests as a key nature‐based solution to such challenges. Current paradigms of urban forest management typically prioritize goals like increasing tree canopy cover that are often viewed as proxies for increased ecosystem service provision, in a general sense. However, urban foresters, the professionals with responsibility to manage urban forests, are increasingly faced with the complex challenge of managing for new goals related to ecosystem services, biodiversity, or people–nature relationships, as cities increasingly set goals centered on such outcomes, without robust guidelines to follow. We ask: How can urban foresters align their street tree management actions with specific urban sustainability goals? We conducted a structured expert elicitation of urban forest professionals in three cities: Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, United States; and Washington, DC, United States. A socio‐ecological lens was used to examine urban foresters as agents of change in urban ecosystems. Participants assessed the impacts of 40 direct management actions on five goals: (1) canopy cover increase and tree risk reduction, (2) urban heat reduction, (3) people–nature relationships, (4) wildlife habitat, and (5) stormwater interception and infiltration. While certain actions (e.g., in the mature tree maintenance phase) were selected as needed to advance every goal, experts identified numerous actions which aligned with one or several goals, but not all. Preplanting actions, specifically site selection and species selection, presented the greatest opportunities to advance specific goals, suggesting that aligning this phase with city sustainability goals is critical. Participants were highly confident in being able to advance all goals through street tree management, but were more confident in being able to advance the goals of increasing canopy cover while reducing tree risk and of mitigating urban heat, possibly because these goals more closely align with traditional canopy cover goal setting. This research underscores the necessity of considering site‐level ecosystem management actions to advance strategic sustainability goals, while also revealing the complexity of the role and responsibilities of professionals who manage urban ecosystems.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed [4+2] Annulation of N‐Hydroxyoximes with Maleate Esters/2‐Chloroacrylates: Synthesis of Isoquinoline‐3,4‐Dicarboxylates and Isoquinoline‐3‐Carboxylates
Authors: Li He , Chen Tao , Wang Zhiwei , Li Yuxin , Wu Baoheng , Xu Ning , Lu Ye , Jin Xinxin , Yu Jiaqi , Liu Jinglin , Bao Ming 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA novel Rh(III)‐catalyzed [4+2] annulation of N‐hydroxyoximes with maleate esters/2‐chloroacrylates is disclosed, in which diverse isoquinoline skeleton compounds were generated in moderate to excellent yields. The protocol exhibits a good compatibility of functional groups and wide scope of substrates without using any external metal oxidants. Gram‐scale and derivatization reactions were performed to show the potential utility of this transformation.
Genetic instability of a single exposure to sevoflurane at different concentrations in monitored mice
Authors: Destro Maria Vitória , Silva Mariane A. P. , Grassi Tony F. , de Carvalho Lídia R. , Salvadori Daisy M. F. , Braz Leandro G. , Braz Mariana G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSevoflurane is an inhalation anesthetic widely used for general anesthesia, but its genotoxic potential is controversial in clinical studies. It is unknown whether the effects are due to surgery or the anesthetic. Thus, for the first time, the present study investigated genotoxicity in peripheral blood cells and in target organs (liver, lung, and kidney) and micronucleus (MN) in the bone marrow of a single exposure to sevoflurane at three different concentrations in monitored mice. Ninety Swiss mice were distributed into the following groups: exposure to sevoflurane at 3.3% (low), 4.5% (intermediate), and 6.0% (high) in 40% oxygen (O2) for 2 h; negative control (no exposure); negative control with O2; and positive control. The exposed animals were heated, monitored for vital signs (temperature, O2 saturation, heart rate/pulse, and respiratory rate), and anesthetized via a modern low‐flow digital system. Mice were euthanized 2 and 24 h after exposure for evaluation by the comet assay and MN test, respectively. No DNA damage occurred in the 3.3% group for any of the organs evaluated, and no genotoxic or mutagenic effects were observed at any sevoflurane concentration in the peripheral blood or liver cells. However, a significant increase in DNA damage was observed at higher concentrations in kidney (4.5%) and lung cells (6.0%) and in the MN frequency (groups 4.5% and 6.0%). No cytotoxicity or histological alterations were observed. In conclusion, high concentrations of sevoflurane induce DNA damage, but concentrations equivalent to those used in clinical practice do not demonstrate genotoxic or mutagenic effects.
Machine learning for surficial geologic mapping
Authors: Johnson Sarah E. , Haneberg William C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSurficial geologic maps contribute to decisions regarding natural hazard mitigation, land‐use planning and infrastructure development. However, geologic maps may not adequately convey the uncertainty inherent in the information shown. In this study, we use machine learning and lidar elevation data to produce surficial geologic maps for parts of two quadrangles in Kentucky. We measured the performance of eight supervised machine learning methods by comparing the overall accuracy and F1 scores for each geologic unit. Surficial geologic units include residuum, colluvium, alluvial and lacustrine terraces, high‐level alluvial deposits and modern alluvium. The importance of 41 moving‐window geomorphic variables, including slope, roughness, residual topography, curvature, topographic wetness index, vertical distance to channel network and topographic flatness, was reduced to 12 variables by ranking the importance of each variable. The gradient‐boosted trees model produced the classifier with the greatest overall accuracy, producing maps with overall accuracies of 87.4% to 90.7% in areas of simple geology and 80.7% to 81.6% in areas with more complex geology. The model produced high F1 scores of up to 96.2% for colluvium but was not as good at distinguishing between units found in the same geomorphic position, such as high‐level alluvium and residuum, both of which are found on ridgelines. Probability values for each geologic unit at each cell are conveyed using gradations of colour and eliminate the need for drawn boundaries between units. Machine learning may be used to create accurate surficial geologic maps in areas of simple geology; in more complex areas, highlight that additional information obtained in the field is necessary to distinguish between units.
Enhancing Switchgrass Growth With Biochar Derived From Mushroom Residue: A Study on Regulating Physicochemical Properties of Acidic Phosphogypsum
Authors: Xiang Yangzhou , Mao Yanting , Liu Ying , Luo Yang , Xue Jianming , He Ji , Shurpali Narasinha J. , Bhattarai Hem Raj , Deepagoda T. K. K. Chamindu , Yao Bin , Siddique Kadambot H. M. , Li Yuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAcidity limits plant growth, particularly when the growing medium has a pH below 5, a challenge that is particularly relevant for certain plants like switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). Although adding biochar to the growing medium has been shown to improve plant growth by modulating acidity, its specific impact on switchgrass remains largely uninvestigated. Thus, we conducted a pot experiment to assess how different biochar application rates (0%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20% w/w), derived from mushroom residue through muffle furnace pyrolysis at 350°C for 2 h, affect the physicochemical attributes of phosphogypsum and subsequent switchgrass growth. Our findings revealed that adding biochar to phosphogypsum significantly alleviated acidity and enhanced moisture, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents. Notably, the 10% biochar treatment had the most positive impacts on germination rates, while the 5% treatment had the greatest improvements in shoot length, tiller number, and total weight compared to the control. Structural equation modeling illustrated that biochar indirectly contributed to switchgrass health by altering the physicochemical properties of phosphogypsum, with pH as the pivotal regulator. Our study demonstrated the potential of mushroom residue biochar as an effective amendment for acidic substrates/matrix (e.g., soil), offering a promising strategy to improve physicochemical conditions and stimulate plant growth.
TransGAN: A Transformer‐CNN Mixed Model for Volumetric CT to MRI Modality Translation and Visualization
Authors: Ma Ji , Xie Yetao , Chen Jinjin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMany clinical procedures necessitate the integration of multi‐modality imaging data to facilitate more informed decision‐making. In practice, the cost of scanning and the potential health risks involved often make the scanning of multi‐modality images impractical. It is therefore important to explore the area of modality translation. In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted with the objective of developing methods for translating images between different modalities. Nevertheless, due to the substantial memory requirements and the difficulty in obtaining perfectly paired data, 3D volume modality translation remains a challenging topic. This research proposes a 3D generative adversarial network for the 3D CT‐MRI modality translation task. In order to leverage both low‐level features (pixel‐wise information) and high‐level features (overall image structure), our method introduces both convolutional and transformer structures. Furthermore, our method demonstrates robustness in the presence of imperfectly paired matched CT and MRI volumes from two medical datasets employed in the research. To validate the network performance, qualitative and quantitative comparisons and ablation studies were conducted. The results of the experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework can achieve good results in comparison to four other methods, with improvements of between 10% and 20% in four objective and one subjective evaluation metrics.
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Selectively Targets Human Cancer Cells With Low Expression of the Zinc‐Finger Antiviral Protein
Authors: Li Hua , Zhu Junda , Qin Weilan , Wang Zhiying , Xie Shijie , Zhang Zihui , Wang Jing , Song Baifen , Wu Wenxue , Peng Chen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTOncolytic viruses are emerging as promising cancer therapeutic agents, with several poxviruses, including vaccinia virus (VACV) and myxoma virus, showing significant potential in preclinical and clinical trials. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), a laboratory‐derived VACV strain approved by the FDA for mpox and smallpox vaccination, has been shown to be incapable of replicating in human cells unless zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is repressed. Notably, ZAP deficiency is prevalent in various cancer types. We hypothesized that MVA could selectively target and replicate in ZAP‐deficient cancer cells. Our study examined MVA's replication across multiple cancer cell lines with varying ZAP expression levels, revealing that MVA replicates more efficiently in cells with lower ZAP expression. Additionally, we assessed MVA's oncolytic potential using a xenograft mouse model, where cancer cells were transplanted into immunodeficient mice. The data demonstrated that MVA significantly reduced tumors with lower ZAP expression without causing morbidity in nude mice. These findings suggest that MVA holds promise for further development as a targeted therapy for ZAP‐deficient cancers.
Long‐Lasting Protection and Dose Optimization of MPXV Polyvalent Mpox mRNA Vaccines Against Lethal Vaccinia Virus Challenge in Mice
Authors: Chuai Xia , Ye Tianxi , Zhao Baoxin , Wu Yan , Guo Chen , Li Fangxu , Zhou Jinge , Zhang Kaiyue , Wang Yuping , Liu Yanhui , Xie Yalin , Zhang Jiancun , Chiu Sandra 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe outbreak of clade II monkeypox virus (MPXV) and the additional outbreak in Central Africa of clade I virus from 2023 have attracted worldwide attention. The development of a scalable and effective vaccine against the ongoing epidemic of mpox is urgently needed. We previously constructed two bivalent MPXV mRNA vaccines, LBA (B6R‐A29L) and LAM (A35R‐M1R), and a quadrivalent mRNA vaccine, LBAAM (B6R‐A35R‐A29L‐M1R). These vaccines at a 20 µg dose could induce potential MPXV antigen‐specific immune responses and provide protection against lethal VACV challenge. Compared with the individual bivalent mRNA vaccines, the two quadrivalent vaccines LBAAM and LBA& LAM displayed superior protective effects. To characterize these vaccines further, we monitored long‐term immunity and protection as long as 28 weeks after initial immunization and optimized the immunization dosages to decrease the cost of production for future clinical use. Our results demonstrated that both the bivalent MPXV mRNA vaccine LAM (A35R‐M1R) and the two tetravalent vaccines LBAAM and LBA& LAM could elicit long‐lasting antigen‐specific IgG antibodies as well as neutralizing antibodies against VACV and MPXV. They all provided complete protection against VACV challenge until 28 weeks post prime immunization. Moreover, the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the two tetravalent vaccines (LBAAM and LBA& LAM) are dose dependent, and even the low‐dose (1 µg) vaccine could provide sufficient protection against lethal VACV challenge. These results provide valuable clues for the further production of MPXV mRNA vaccines for use in humans.
FISPGHAN statement on the global public health impact of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Mitsinikos Tania , Aw Marion M. , Bandsma Robert , Godoy Marcela , Ibrahim Samar H. , Mann Jake P. , Memon Iqbal , Mohan Neelam , Mouane Nezha , Porta Gilda , Verduci Elvira , Xanthakos Stavra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs rates of obesity rise worldwide, incidence of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly referred to as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is increasing, worsening the burden of healthcare systems. The council of the Federation of International Societies for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (FISPGHAN) identified the topic of MASLD epidemiology, treatment, and prevention as a global priority issue to be addressed by an expert team, with the goal to describe feasible and evidence‐based actions that may contribute to reducing MASLD risk. The FISPGHAN member societies nominated experts in the field. The FISPGHAN council selected and appointed members of the expert team and a chair. The subtopics included in this manuscript were chosen through a consensus of the experts involved. We review the epidemiology, natural history, and screening and management. We further expand to relevant public health measures aimed at MASLD prevention, including identifying interventions that could reduce risk factors (environmental and iatrogenic), optimize maternal and newborn health, and support healthier lifestyles for older children and adolescents on a local, national, and international scale. While recognizing that various aspects of population health and public policy can shape MASLD risk, we also review what we can do on an individual level to support our patients to reduce the significant burden of this ever rising disease in pediatrics.