bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recognition Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves: The Complex Influence of Input Statistics, Memory, and Decision-making
Authors: Hakobyan Olya , Cheng Sen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractReceiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis is the standard tool for studying recognition memory. In particular, the curvilinearity and the y-offset of recognition ROC curves have been interpreted as indicative of either memory strength (single-process models) or different memory processes (dual-process model). The distinction between familiarity and recollection has been widely studied in cognitive neuroscience in a variety of conditions, including lesions of different brain regions. We develop a computational model that explicitly shows how performance in recognition memory is affected by a complex and, as yet, underappreciated interplay of various factors, such as stimulus statistics, memory processing, and decision-making. We demonstrate that (1) the factors in the model affect recognition ROC curves in unexpected ways, (2) fitting R and F parameters according to the dual-process model is not particularly useful for understanding the underlying processes, and (3) the variability of recognition ROC curves and the controversies they have caused might be due to the uncontrolled variability in the contributing factors. Although our model is abstract, its functional components can be mapped onto brain regions, which are involved in corresponding functions. This enables us to reproduce and interpret in a coherent framework the diverse effects on recognition memory that have been reported in patients with frontal and hippocampal lesions. To conclude, our work highlights the importance of the rich interplay of a variety of factors in driving recognition memory performance, which has to be taken into account when interpreting recognition ROC curves.
Struggling for Religion in Jewish Scientific Research—Max Wiener’s Critique on Hermann Cohen’s Notion of Religion
Authors: Stünkel Knut Martin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article examines Max Wiener’s thoughts on the relation of Judaism and religion via his critique of his former teacher, Hermann Cohen. This focusses on the notion of religion developed by Cohen in the context of Jewish Scientific Research [Wissenschaft des Judentums]. It discusses Wiener’s thoughts on religion in order to exemplify the specific kind of struggle a non-Christian religious tradition might get into concerning the application of the notion of religion upon itself.
Do Convection-Permitting Ensembles Lead to More Skillful Short-Range Probabilistic Rainfall Forecasts over Tropical East Africa?
Authors: Cafaro Carlo , Woodhams Beth J. , Stein Thorwald H. M. , Birch Cathryn E. , Webster Stuart , Bain Caroline L. , Hartley Andrew , Clarke Samantha , Ferrett Samantha , Hill Peter 
Published: March 2021

AbstractConvection-permitting ensemble prediction systems (CP-ENS) have been implemented in the midlatitudes for weather forecasting time scales over the past decade, enabled by the increase in computational resources. Recently, efforts are being made to study the benefits of CP-ENS for tropical regions. This study examines CP-ENS forecasts produced by the Met Office over tropical East Africa, for 24 cases in the period April–May 2019. The CP-ENS, an ensemble with parameterized convection (Glob-ENS), and their deterministic counterparts are evaluated against rainfall estimates derived from satellite observations (GPM-IMERG). The CP configurations have the best representation of the diurnal cycle, although heavy rainfall amounts are overestimated compared to observations. Pairwise comparisons between the different configurations reveal that the CP-ENS is generally the most skillful forecast for both 3- and 24-h accumulations of heavy rainfall (97th percentile), followed by the CP deterministic forecast. More precisely, probabilistic forecasts of heavy rainfall, verified using a neighborhood approach, show that the CP-ENS is skillful at scales greater than 100 km, significantly better than the Glob-ENS, although not as good as found in the midlatitudes. Skill decreases with lead time and varies diurnally, especially for CP forecasts. The CP-ENS is underspread both in terms of forecasting the locations of heavy rainfall and in terms of domain-averaged rainfall. This study demonstrates potential benefits in using CP-ENS for operational forecasting of heavy rainfall over tropical Africa and gives specific suggestions for further research and development, including probabilistic forecast guidance.
Effectiveness of Mulligan manual therapy over exercise on headache frequency, intensity and disability for patients with migraine, tension-type headache and cervicogenic headache – a protocol of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Authors: Satpute Kiran , Bedekar Nilima , Hall Toby 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Non - pharmacological management of migraine, tension-type headache (TTH), and cervicogenic headache (CGH) may include spinal manual therapy and exercise. Mulligan Manual Therapy (MMT) utilizes a protocol of headache elimination procedures to manage headache parameters and associated disability, but has only been evaluated in CGH. There is little evidence for its effectiveness in migraine and TTH. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of MMT and exercise over exercise and placebo in the management of migraine, TTH, and CGH.

Methods
This pragmatic trial is designed as a prospective, three-armed randomised controlled trial in a clinical setting provided at a general hospital physiotherapy department. Two hundred ninety-seven participants with a diagnosis of migraine, TTH or CGH based on published headache classification guidelines will be included. An assessor blind to group allocation will measure outcomes pre-and post-intervention as well as 3 and 6 months after commencement of treatment. Participants will be allocated to one of the three groups: MMT and exercise; placebo and exercise; and exercise alone. The primary outcome measure is headache frequency. Secondary outcome measures are headache duration and intensity, medication intake, pressure pain threshold (PPT), range of motion recorded with the flexion rotation test, and headache disability recorded with Headache Activities of Daily Living Index (HADLI). The intention-to-treat principle will be followed for statistical analysis. Between groups differences for all outcome measures at baseline and at reassessment points and 95% confidence intervals will be calculated using a mixed model ANOVA. Post hoc tests will be conducted to identify any significant difference between groups and over time.

Discussion
This pragmatic study will provide evidence for the effectiveness of MMT when compared with a placebo intervention and exercise on headache frequency, intensity, and disability. Limitations are that baseline evaluation of headache parameters may be affected by recall bias. External validity will be limited to the population with a minimum 1-year history of headache. The HADLI is not yet extensively evaluated for its psychometric properties and association between PPT and headache parameters is lacking. Performance bias is inevitable as a single therapist will be delivering all interventions.

Trial registration
The trial was registered prospectively under the Clinical Trial Registry India (Registration number: CTRI/2019/06/019506, dated on 03/06/2019). .
FBW7 suppresses ovarian cancer development by targeting the N6-methyladenosine binding protein YTHDF2
Authors: Xu Fei , Li Jiajia , Ni Mengdong , Cheng Jingyi , Zhao Haiyun , Wang Shanshan , Zhou Xiang , Wu Xiaohua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The tumor suppressor FBW7 is the substrate recognition component of the SCF E3-ubiquitin ligase complex that mediates proteolytic degradation of various oncogenic proteins. However, the role of FBW7 in ovarian cancer progression remains inadequately understood.

Methods
IP-MASS, co-IP, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting were used to identify the potential substrate of FBW7 in ovarian cancer. The biological effects of FBW7 were investigated using in vitro and in vivo models. LC/MS was used to detect the m6A levels in ovarian cancer tissues. MeRIP-Seq and RNA-Seq were used to assess the downstream targets of YTHDF2.

Results
We unveil that FBW7 is markedly down-regulated in ovarian cancer tissues and its high expression is associated with favorable prognosis and elevated m6A modification levels. Consistently, ectopic FBW7 inhibits ovarian cancer cell survival and proliferation in vitro and in vivo, while ablation of FBW7 empowers propagation of ovarian cancer cells. In addition, the m6A reader protein, YTHDF2, is identified as a novel substrate for FBW7. FBW7 counteracts the tumor-promoting effect of YTHDF2 by inducing proteasomal degradation of the latter in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, YTHDF2 globally regulates the turnover of m6A-modified mRNAs, including the pro-apoptotic gene BMF.

Conclusions
Our study has demonstrated that FBW7 suppresses tumor growth and progression via antagonizing YTHDF2-mediated BMF mRNA decay in ovarian cancer.
Associations of subclinical autistic-like traits with brain structural variation using diffusion tensor imaging and voxel-based morphometry
Authors: Schröder Yvonne , Hohmann Daniela Michelle , Meller Tina , Evermann Ulrika , Pfarr Julia-Katharina , Jansen Andreas , Kamp-Becker Inge , Grezellschak Sarah , Nenadić Igor 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Previous case–control studies of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) have identified altered brain structure such as altered frontal and temporal cortex volumes, or decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) within the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus in patients. It remains unclear whether subclinical autistic-like traits might also be related to variation in these brain structures.

Methods
In this study, we analyzed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 250 psychiatrically healthy subjects phenotyped for subclinical autistic-like traits using the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). For data analysis, we used voxel-based morphometry of T1-MRIs (Computational Anatomy Toolbox) and tract-based spatial statistics for diffusion tensor imaging data.

Results
AQ attention switching subscale correlated negatively with FA values in the bilateral uncinate fasciculus as well as the bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Higher AQ attention switching subscale scores were associated with increased mean diffusivity and radial diffusivity values in the uncinate fasciculus, while axial diffusivity values within this tract show a negative correlation. AQ attention to detail subscale correlated positively with gray matter volume in the right pre- and postcentral gyrus.

Conclusions
We demonstrate that individuals with higher levels of autism-spectrum-like features show decreased white matter integrity in tracts associated with higher-level visual processing and increased cortical volume in areas linked to movement sequencing and working memory. Our results resemble regional brain structure alterations found in individuals with ASD. This offers opportunities to further understand the etiology and pathogenesis of the disorder and shows a subclinical continuum perspective.
Ecdysone regulates theDrosophilaimaginal disc epithelial barrier, determining the length of regeneration checkpoint delay
Authors: DaCrema Danielle , Bhandari Rajan , Karanja Faith , Yano Ryunosuke , Halme Adrian 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTRegeneration of Drosophila imaginal discs, larval precursors to adult tissues, activates a regeneration checkpoint that coordinates regenerative growth with developmental progression. This regeneration checkpoint results from the release of the relaxin-family peptide Dilp8 from regenerating imaginal tissues. Secreted Dilp8 protein is detected within the imaginal disc lumen, in which it is separated from its receptor target Lgr3, which is expressed in the brain and prothoracic gland, by the disc epithelial barrier. Here, we demonstrate that following damage the imaginal disc epithelial barrier limits Dilp8 signaling and the duration of regeneration checkpoint delay. We also find that the barrier becomes increasingly impermeable to the transepithelial diffusion of labeled dextran during the second half of the third instar. This change in barrier permeability is driven by the steroid hormone ecdysone and correlates with changes in localization of Coracle, a component of the septate junctions that is required for the late-larval impermeable epithelial barrier. Based on these observations, we propose that the imaginal disc epithelial barrier regulates the duration of the regenerative checkpoint, providing a mechanism by which tissue function can signal the completion of regeneration.
Blocking estrogen-induced AMH expression is crucial for normal follicle formation
Authors: Tanimoto Ren , Sekii Kiyono , Morohaku Kanako , Li Jianzhen , Pépin David , Obata Yayoi 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
In mammals, primordial follicles assembled in fetuses or during infancy constitute the oocyte resources for life. Exposure to 17beta-estradiol and phytogenic or endocrine-disrupting chemicals during pregnancy and/or the perinatal period leads to the failure of normal follicle formation. However, the mechanisms underlying estrogen-mediated abnormal follicle formation and physiological follicle formation in the presence of endogenous natural estrogen are not well understood. Here, we reveal that estrogen receptor 1, activated by estrogen, binds to the 5′ region of the anti-Mullerian hormone (Amh) gene and upregulates its transcription before follicle formation in cultured mouse fetal ovaries. Ectopic expression of AMH protein was observed in pregranulosa cells of these explants. Furthermore, the addition of AMH to the culture medium inhibited normal follicle formation. Conversely, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) produced in the fetal liver reportedly blocks estrogen action, although its role in follicle formation is unclear. We further demonstrated that the addition of AFP to the medium inhibited ectopic AMH expression via estrogen, leading to successful follicle formation in vitro. Collectively, our in vitro experiments suggest that upon estrogen exposure, the integrity of follicle assembly in vivo is ensured by AFP.
Crystal structure of N-(5-(2-(benzyl(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl)amino)-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(benzyloxy)phenyl)formamide, C33H36N2O4
Authors: Xu Qin-Juan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
C33H36N2O4, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 15.3543(17) Å, b = 14.7958(17) Å, c = 25.496(3) Å, V = 5792.1(11) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0490, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1402, T = 296(2) K.
Altered Phosphorylation of the Proteasome Subunit Rpt6 Has Minimal Impact on Synaptic Plasticity and Learning
Authors: Scudder Samantha L. , Gonzales Frankie R. , Howell Kristin K. , Stein Ivar S. , Dozier Lara E. , Anagnostaras Stephan G. , Zito Karen , Patrick Gentry N. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDynamic control of protein degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is thought to play a crucial role in neuronal function and synaptic plasticity. The proteasome subunit Rpt6, an AAA ATPase subunit of the 19S regulatory particle (RP), has emerged as an important site for regulation of 26S proteasome function in neurons. Phosphorylation of Rpt6 on serine 120 (S120) can stimulate the catalytic rate of substrate degradation by the 26S proteasome and this site is targeted by the plasticity-related kinase Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), making it an attractive candidate for regulation of proteasome function in neurons. Severalin vitrostudies have shown that altered Rpt6 S120 phosphorylation can affect the structure and function of synapses. To evaluate the importance of Rpt6 S120 phosphorylationin vivo, we created two mouse models which feature mutations at S120 that block or mimic phosphorylation at this site. We find that peptidase and ATPase activities are upregulated in the phospho-mimetic mutant and downregulated in the phospho-dead mutant [S120 mutated to aspartic acid (S120D) or alanine (S120A), respectively]. Surprisingly, these mutations had no effect on basal synaptic transmission, long-term potentiation (LTP), and dendritic spine dynamics and density in the hippocampus. Furthermore, these mutants displayed no deficits in cued and contextual fear memory. Thus, in a mouse model that blocks or mimics phosphorylation at this site, either compensatory mechanisms negate these effects, or small variations in proteasome activity are not enough to induce significant changes in synaptic structure, plasticity, or behavior.
TÜRKİYE’DE DOĞRUDAN YABANCI SERMAYE YATIRIMLARININ ULUSLARARASI GÖÇ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: KARABIYIK Can , ÇOLPAN NART Ela 
Published: March 2021

İş gücü ve sermaye gibi üretim faktörü hareketlerinin incelendiği geniş bir literatür bulunmaktadır. Bir bölümünü uluslararası iş gücü hareketlerinin oluşturduğu göç kavramının arkasında sosyal, kültürel, siyasal sebepler olduğu gibi ekonomik nedenler de bulunmaktadır. Ekonomik göç kavramı, ülkeler arasındaki ekonomik koşulların farklılığından kaynaklanan göç olarak nitelendirilmektedir ve bu farklılıklar göç hareketlerinin temel sebeplerinin başında gelmektedir. Bu nedenle literatürde göç ile milli gelir, gelir dağılımı, dış ticaret vb. gibi çeşitli ekonomik büyüklükler arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen çok sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı ise gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerden Türkiye’ye gelen doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları ile bu ülkelere giden Türkiyeli göçmen sayısı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.
Çalışmada kullanılan veri seti Türkiye’ye doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımı gerçekleştiren ve Türkiye’den göç alan gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan seçilmiş 23 ülkenin 1993-2013 aralığındaki yıllık değerlerini içermektedir. Çalışmada panel veri yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Literatürde göç akımları ve doğrudan yabancı yatırım arasındaki ilişki çekim denklemi kullanılarak analiz edilmektedir. Bu sebeple modellerde yer alan değişkenler, genişletilmiş çekim modeline göre belirlenmiştir. Veri setinde ikili doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımı ve göçmen sayısı değerleri yer almaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular Türkiye ekonomisinde bağlantı etkisi teorisinin geçerli olduğunu göstermektedir. Bir başka deyişle Türkiye’de doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları, yatırımın kaynağı olan ülkelere göçü arttırmaktadır. Bununla birlikte Türkiye milli geliri ile dışa göç arasında ters yönlü ilişki olduğu, doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımının kaynağı olan ülkelerin gelirleri ve okullaşma oranları ile bu ülkelere olan göç arasında doğru yönlü ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Buna ilave olarak sermaye kaynağı ülkelerin nüfuslarının, hayat pahalılığının ve Türkiye ile arasındaki mesafelerinin bu ülkelere olan göçü azalttığına dair bulgular da elde edilmiştir.
A KOLLABORATÍV ONLINE NYELVTANULÁS LEHETőSÉGEI ÉS TANULSÁGAI KÉT MAGyAR MINT IDEGEN NYELVI PROJEKT ALAPJÁN
Authors: BORSOS Levente , KRUZSLICZ Tamás , OSZKÓ Beatrix 
Published: March 2021

A dolgozat egy magyar mint idegen nyelv oktatásához kapcsolódó kutatás eredményeiből mutat be részleteket. Magyar tanárjelöltek, japán és horvát nyelvtanulók voltak a résztvevői a budapesti, oszakai és eszéki egyetemeken zajló két projektnek, melyek középpontjában az interkulturális kommunikatív kompetencia és az IKT-eszközök használata állt. A kommunikációs felületet közösségi oldalak biztosították (LINE, illetve Facebook). A számítógépen és telefonon egyaránt megjeleníthető tematikus feladatokat a tanárjelöltek készítették, melyeket a nyelvtanulók jellemzően páros vagy csoportos munka során oldottak meg. A projektek utolsó eleme egy a résztvevők által kitöltött kérdőíves felmérés volt. Ennek eredményei alapján számolunk be arról, mit tartottak hasznosnak a résztvevők, illetve mi jelentett nehézséget számukra. Az előzetes elvárásoknak megfelelően a kultúraközvetítés, a valós kommunikáció a pozitívumok között szerepelt, ahogy az IKT-eszközök használatában szerzett gyakorlat is. A két nyelvtanuló csoport eltérő mértékben jelölte meg a nehézséget okozó tényezőket. A nemzetközi tapasztalatokkal egybevágóan kutatásunk eredményei is azt bizonyítják, hogy a tanári irányítás elengedhetetlen eleme e projekteknek, azzal viszont sikeres és hatékony színfolt lehet a nyelvtanítás és -tanulás palettáján.
Short-term and long-term safety and efficacy of tenofovir alafenamide, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and entecavir treatment of acute‐on‐chronic liver failure associated with hepatitis B
Authors: Li Juan , Hu Chunhua , Chen Yi , Zhang Rou , Fu Shan , Zhou Mimi , Gao Zhijie , Fu Mengjun , Yan Taotao , Yang Yuan , Li Jianzhou , Liu Jinfeng , Chen Tianyan , Zhao Yingren , He Yingli 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background & Aims: There is limited evidence on the efficacy and safety of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) in the treatment of HBV-ACLF. Our objective was to evaluate the outcomes among TAF, TDF and ETV, three first-line antivirals against chronic hepatitis B, in patients with HBV-ACLF. Methods: Patients with HBV-related ACLF were recruited and received daily TAF (25mg/d), TDF (300 mg/d) and ETV (0.5 mg/d). They were prospectively followed-up. The primary endpoint was overall survival at week 12 and week 48, the secondary endpoints were virological response and biochemical response. Results: Forty gender and age matched eligible subjects were recruited and divided into three groups: TAF group, TDF group and ETV group. By week 48, 8 (80%) patients in TAF group, 6 (60%) patients in TDF group and 17 (85%) patients in ETV group survived without liver transplantation (P = 0.251). After 4 weeks of NAs treatment, all three groups showed paralleling reduction of HBV DNA levels. All three groups presented similar biochemical responses at week 4, patients treated with TAF showed a priority in total bilirubin reduction, albumin and cholesterol maintenance. Additionally, although there was no significant difference in changes of serum urea, serum creatinine, serum cystatin C and estimated GFR among the three groups by treatment week 4, TDF showed unfavorable renal safety even in short term treatment. The treatment using NAs was well-tolerated and there was no serious drug-related adverse event reported. Conclusions: TAF, TDF and ETV are of similar efficacy and safety in short-term and long-term treatment of HBV-ACLF. This study is ongoing and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03640728 (05/02/2019).
Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Thermal and Optical Properties of Nano-Composite Self-Cleaning Smart Window
Authors: Vardanjani Mehdi Jafari , Karevan Mehdi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Polymer-based smart windows have recently received attention due to their capabilities in energy consumption reduction. A smart window provides desired optical properties when heated/cooled by using solar energy when the ambient temperature requires regulation. The main issue here is the design and fabrication of such a smart element which is the main axis of the current research. The window in the proposed design operates in such a way that the percentage of light transmission depends on the presence of nanofluid between the two walls and refractive index conformity between the fluid and the polymeric walls; Therefore the percentage of light transmission will be at its minimum value (45%) in the absence of fluid and it will be at the maximum value (80%) at the presence of fluid. The fundamental steps of the present design includes design, fabrication, and characterization of the materials. In this regard experiments to determine the mechanical, physical, structural, optical, and thermal properties of components have been performed after considering, designing, and manufacturing various samples. The results show that the proposed smart offers acceptable performance with a fast switching rate and even more than other similar smart glasses due to the usage of discharge/injection mechanism. In overall, the product can be used as a smart transparent element in various structures such as buildings and even vehicles to regulate energy consumption and/or block the view for security purposes.