bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservative treatment of mucocutaneous dehiscence of terminal colostomy to avoid surgical reintervention
Authors: Domínguez Reinado MR , Martín Arroyo S , Pérez Ruiz R , Mateo Vallejo LF , García Molina FJ 
Published: February 2021

Resumen

La realización de un estoma intestinal forma parte del tratamiento quirúrgico de las patologías benignas y malignas del tracto gastrointestinal. El estoma u ostomía se puede definir como la abertura artificial creada quirúrgicamente para comunicar una víscera hueca con el exterior. Procede del griego "stoma" que significa boca[1].

Los estomas digestivos se clasifican en permanentes o temporales según su finalidad y en terminales o en asa desde el punto de vista morfológico. Se estima que al menos la mitad de los pacientes que portan estoma intestinal van a tener alguna complicación relacionada con el mismo, aunque estos datos varían según los autores, alcanzando el 70-80%[1]-[4] en algunas series e incluso hasta el 96% en las tres semanas postoperatorias[2].

Se presenta un caso, de un paciente portador de colostomía terminal por diverticulitis perforada que se complicó con una estenosis y tras someterse a plastia de la colostomía de forma programada cursó con dehiscencia mucocutánea.

La dehiscencia mucocutánea es una complicación precoz de los estomas digestivos y puede suponer una reintervención quirúrgica urgente. En nuestro caso, gracias a los cuidados de la estomaterapeuta del hospital se pudo llevar a cabo un tratamiento conservador.
Kraske procedure for recurrence presacral tumors
Authors: Pérez Reyes M , Mera Velasco S , Toval Mata JA , Carrasco Campos J , Santoyo Santoyo J 
Published: February 2021

Resumen

Las lesiones presacras son raras. Existe gran variedad de tipos histológicos, siendo los tumores congénitos los más frecuentes. El estudio preoperatorio se realiza con exploración física, resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) y tomografía axial computarizada (TC). La biopsia no está indicada. Es necesaria una exéresis completa de la tumoración ya que podrían malignizar aunque la lesión fuera asintomática. Existen varias vías de abordaje quirúrgicas: abdominal, posterior, o combinada. En este artículo presentamos un caso de una lesión presacra recidivada tratada mediante resección trans-sacra posterior. El postoperatorio cursó con buena evolución.
Equipment. Experience. Quality standards. Fast-track in pancreatic surgery.
Authors: Castro Santiago MJ , Fernández Serrano JL , Docobo Durántez F , Valverde Martínez A , Casado Maestre MD , Sancho Maraver E , Gómez Sánchez T , Mayo Osorio MÁ , Pacheco García JM 
Published: February 2021

Resumen

Introducción: el adenocarcinoma de páncreas constituye la cuarta causa de mortalidad en España y en Estados Unidos, siendo la resección quirúrgica el único tratamiento que logra aumentar la supervivencia. Se trata siempre de un reto para el cirujano debido a la dificultad técnica del procedimiento, y a pesar de que la mortalidad, se ha reducido en los últimos años, aún es bastante elevada las complicaciones quirúrgicas.

Métodos: el proceso de investigación se ha realizado a partir de una búsqueda sistemática a partir de guías clínicas, conferencias de consenso, revisiones y publicaciones de ámbito nacional e internacional sobre cirugía pancreática oncológica realizada en la última década.

Resultados: se ha determinado la necesidad de establecer un Equipo Multidisciplinar para la toma de decisiones. La necesidad de superar una curva de aprendizaje en este tipo de cirugía tan exigente para disminuir la morbimortalidad. La importancia de establecer unos estándares de calidad para valorar la calidad del tratamiento prestado, homogeneizar la metodología de trabajo poder medir resultados y poder comparar éstos con otros grupos y unidades especializadas y la importancia de establecer protocolos de recuperación de mejora para una mejora rápida y precoz de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía pancreática.

Conclusión: La resección oncológica pancreática es una intervención de gran complejidad técnica y con una elevada incidencia de complicaciones postoperatorias, por lo que la necesidad de tomas de decisiones de equipos expertos, identificación de estándares de calidad y la necesidad de aplicar unos protocolos comunes constituyen elementos de gran importancia para disminuir la variabilidad en la práctica quirúrgica, mejorar los resultados y obtener una máxima optimización de los recursos disponibles.
Complications and sequelae of pancreatic surgery. Are scales of surgical risk assessment useful?
Authors: Ramírez Plaza CP 
Published: February 2021

Resumen

Las complicaciones de la cirugía pancreática es Uno de los principales motivos de preocupación del cirujano que realiza cirugía hepática Video pancreática. Siendo las fístulas pancreáticas las que más incidencia tienen en el posoperatorio. Analizamos en este artículo la posibilidad de evitar este tipo de complicaciones aplicando escalas de valoración del riesgo tanto por Paciente como por patología como por tipo de intervención. Uno de los factores más limitantes a la hora de la recuperación posoperatoria son este tipo de complicaciones, si consiguiéramos controlarla mediante uso de escalas de valoración de riesgo y tratamientos más individualizados claramente la disminución de estas complicaciones tendría un gran impacto en esta cirugía tan compleja.
Laparoscopic lateral approach of the splenic angle of the colon in the treatment of colorectal cancer
Authors: Sancho Maraver E 
Published: February 2021

Resumen

La movilización del ángulo esplénico es una maniobra muchas veces esencial en el tratamiento quirúrgico del cáncer colorrectal laparoscópico.

En los últimos tiempos, hay una controversia entre los autores que defienden que esta movilización sea sistemática y los que abogan porque sea una práctica selectiva.

Los primeros aducen que la movilización esplénica sistemática mejora la vascularización al disminuir la tensión anastomótica, se consigue una mayor longitud del colon a anastomosar; reduciendo por tanto la tasa de fuga.

Los segundos defienden que la liberación del ángulo esplénico añade un grado de dificultad importante al procedimiento quirúrgico y puede aumentar la morbilidad por aumento de la posibilidad de sangrado y daño de órganos adyacentes.

Por otro lado, existen diferentes vías de abordaje del ángulo esplénico siendo las mas extendidas la lateral y la medial.

En este artículo se analizan ambas vías de abordaje, proponiéndose la vía de abordaje lateral como una vía segura y con similares resultados oncológicos a la vía medial de movilización del ángulo esplénico.
Enhaced-view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) approach for the repair of hernia
Authors: Daes J 
Published: February 2021

Resumen

La técnica eTEP consiste en la serie de maniobras y estrategias operatorias destinadas a potenciar un espacio extraperitoneal de trabajo, para el reparo mínimamente invasivo de la hernias inguinales, ventrales y lumbares y la realización de otros procedimientos. Estas maniobras incluyen el acceso remoto, la creación de un gran espacio extraperitoneal y la colocación flexible de los trocares de trabajo; complementadas con la escisión de los límites naturales del espacio. La técnica eTEP permite utilizar las ventajas de una cirugía extraperitoneal, y ha demostrado ser seguro y efectivo en nuestra valoración inicial. Sin embargo, es un procedimiento complejo que exige un entrenamiento especial.
Mid and low rectal neoplasms. TaTME vs robotic surgery.
Authors: Valdés Hernández J 
Published: February 2021

Resumen

El abordaje laparoscópico de las neoplasias de recto medio en inferior, supone un reto para los cirujanos, sobre todo en algunas situaciones especiales como el paciente varón, con pelvis estrecha y tumores voluminosos. Tanto la cirugía robótica como la cirugía transanal aparecen como alternativas para mejorar los resultados en estos casos.

La cirugía TaTME, se presenta como una nueva visión en la cirugía del recto distal, que podría facilitar el abordaje en estos casos, tanto por mejoras en la disección del mesorrecto distal, como por facilitar realizar una sección distal bajo visión directa y sin necesidad de grapado.

En espera de nuevos estudios con alto nivel de evidencia, podemos concluir que el abordaje TaTME es una buena alternativa a la cirugía laparoscópica convencional en el abordaje del recto medio e inferior, sobre todo en casos complejos, siendo más accesible que al abordaje robótico.
Study to Assess the Knowledge of People About Dengue Fever in Selected Rural Area of Mangalore
Authors: Suchithra BS  
Published: February 2021

Health is the precious possession of all human beings as it is an asset for an individual and community as
well. Like health, disease is a dynamic process and it is just the opposite of health. Effective control of
communicable diseases is necessary for national development and economic self dependence. The aim
of the study is to assess the knowledge of people about dengue fever in selected rural area of Mangalore.
Methodology : A quantitative, non-experimental research approach was used for the present study. Research
design survey design. 150 subjects between the age 20-60 yrs were collected by using purposive sampling
method. The study was conducted in Kalkatta area, under Natekal PHC.Results: The majority of in rural
people 88(59%) were in the age group of 20-30 years. In rural area 79(53%) people were aware about
dengue fever. Source of information showed that majority 59(75%) in rural people got information from
paper, TV and media. The present study depict that 64(43%) of rural people have poor knowledge, 85(56%)
of rural were having average knowledge and 1(1%) of rural people had good knowledge about dengue fever.
Present study revealed that there is association between level of knowledge and selected demographic
variable like age and religion.
Conclusion: The present study depict that 64(43%) of rural people have poor knowledge, 85(56%) of rural
were having average knowledge and 1(1%) of rural people had good knowledge about dengue fever.
‘Health Isn’t Wealth’-An Indian Reality
Authors: Swati Soni  
Published: February 2021

An age old adage suggests that ‘Health is Wealth’, but unfortunately this is not the case in India. Health
of an individual and consequently healthcare should ideally be non-negotiable, but health care in India is
a relegated reality. There is no equity. There is no access to affordable healthcare. On one hand India is
poised to become a medical tourism destination by 2020 while on the other hand the masses have no anchor.
Health insurance can salvage the situation but somehow the concept is undersold and there is a very weak
conviction even amidst the elite to buy adequate insurance. Most Indian households are either uninsured or
underinsured. Out-of –pocket expenses on healthcare are thus on a rise. The authors draw attention on the
Indian healthcare industry and suggest that lessons can be drawn from the models prevalent in Japan and
Netherlands. The authors build a strong case for a mandatory health insurance for the masses and propose a
model for the same.
The ANTARES Astronomical Time-domain Event Broker
Authors: Matheson Thomas , Stubens Carl , Wolf Nicholas , Lee 李 Chien-Hsiu 見修 , Narayan Gautham , Saha Abhijit , Scott Adam , Soraisam Monika , S. Bolton Adam , Hauger Benjamin , R. Silva David , Kececioglu John , Scheidegger Carlos , Snodgrass Richard , Aleo Patrick D. , Evans-Jacquez Eric , Singh Navdeep , Wang Zhe , Yang Shuo , Zhao Zhenge 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We describe the Arizona-NOIRLab Temporal Analysis and Response to Events System (ANTARES), a software instrument designed to process large-scale streams of astronomical time-domain alerts. With the advent of large-format CCDs on wide-field imaging telescopes, time-domain surveys now routinely discover tens of thousands of new events each night, more than can be evaluated by astronomers alone. The ANTARES event broker will process alerts, annotating them with catalog associations and filtering them to distinguish customizable subsets of events. We describe the data model of the system, the overall architecture, annotation, implementation of filters, system outputs, provenance tracking, system performance, and the user interface.
Seventeen Tidal Disruption Events from the First Half of ZTF Survey Observations: Entering a New Era of Population Studies
Authors: van Velzen Sjoert , Gezari Suvi , Hammerstein Erica , Roth Nathaniel , Frederick Sara , Ward Charlotte , Hung Tiara , Cenko S. Bradley , Stein Robert , Perley Daniel A. , Taggart Kirsty , Foley Ryan J. , Sollerman Jesper , Blagorodnova Nadejda , Andreoni Igor , Bellm Eric C. , Brinnel Valery , De Kishalay , Dekany Richard , Feeney Michael , Fremling Christoffer , Giomi Matteo , Golkhou V. Zach , Graham Matthew J. , Ho Anna. Y. Q. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kilpatrick Charles D. , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Kupfer Thomas , Laher Russ R. , Mahabal Ashish , Masci Frank J. , Miller Adam A. , Nordin Jakob , Riddle Reed , Rusholme Ben , Santen Jakob van , Sharma Yashvi , Shupe David L. , Soumagnac Maayane T. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
While tidal disruption events (TDEs) have long been heralded as laboratories for the study of quiescent black holes, the small number of known TDEs and uncertainties in their emission mechanism have hindered progress toward this promise. Here we present 17 new TDEs that have been detected recently by the Zwicky Transient Facility along with Swift UV and X-ray follow-up observations. Our homogeneous analysis of the optical/UV light curves, including 22 previously known TDEs from the literature, reveals a clean separation of light-curve properties with spectroscopic class. The TDEs with Bowen fluorescence features in their optical spectra have smaller blackbody radii, lower optical luminosities, and higher disruption rates compared to the rest of the sample. The small subset of TDEs that show only helium emission lines in their spectra have the longest rise times, the highest luminosities, and the lowest rates. A high detection rate of Bowen lines in TDEs with small photometric radii could be explained by the high density that is required for this fluorescence mechanism. The stellar debris can provide a source for this dense material. Diffusion of photons through this debris may explain why the rise and fade timescale of the TDEs in our sample are not correlated. We also report, for the first time, the detection of soft X-ray flares from a TDE on ∼day timescales. Based on the fact that the X-ray flares peak at a luminosity similar to the optical/UV blackbody luminosity, we attribute them to brief glimpses through a reprocessing layer that otherwise obscures the inner accretion flow.
A Consistent Modeling of Neutrino-driven Wind with Accretion Flow onto a Protoneutron Star and Its Implications for 56Ni Production
Authors: Sawada Ryo , Suwa Yudai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Details of the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are not yet fully understood. There is now an increasing number of successful examples of reproducing explosions in the first-principles simulations, which have shown a slow increase of explosion energy. However, it was recently pointed out that the growth rates of the explosion energy of these simulations are insufficient to produce enough 56Ni mass to account for observations. We refer to this issue as the “nickel mass problem” (Ni problem, hereafter) in this paper. The neutrino-driven wind is suggested as one of the most promising candidates for the solution to the Ni problem in previous literature, but a multidimensional simulation for this is computationally too expensive to allow long-term investigations. In this paper, we first built a consistent model of the neutrino-driven wind with an accretion flow onto a protoneutron star, by connecting a steady-state solution of the neutrino-driven wind and a phenomenological mass accretion model. Comparing the results of our model with the results of first-principles simulations, we find that the total ejectable amount of the neutrino-driven wind is roughly determined within ∼1 s from the onset of the explosion and the supplementable amount at a late phase (t

e
≳ 1 s) remains M
ej ≲ 0.01 M
⊙ at most. Our conclusion is that it is difficult to solve the Ni problem by continuous injection of 56Ni by the neutrino-driven wind. We suggest that the total amount of synthesized 56Ni can be estimated robustly if simulations are followed up to ∼2 s.
On the Rigidity Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Variations within Propagating Interplanetary Disturbances: Neutron Monitor and SOHO/EPHIN Observations at ∼1–10 GV
Authors: Belov Anatoly , Papaioannou Athanasios , Abunina Maria , Dumbovic Mateja , Richardson Ian G. , Heber Bernd , Kuhl Patrick , Herbst Konstantin , Anastasiadis Anastasios , Vourlidas Angelos , Eroshenko Eugenia , Abunin Artem 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The rigidity dependence of all Forbush decreases (FDs) recorded from 1995 to 2015 has been determined using neutron monitor (NM) and Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) (EPHIN) spacecraft data, covering the energy (rigidity) range from ∼433 MeV (1 GV) to 9.10 GeV (10 GV). We analyzed a total of 421 events and determined the spectrum in rigidity with an inverse power-law fit. As a result, the mean spectral index was identified to be 〈γ

F
〉 = 0.46 ± 0.02. The majority (∼66%) of the FDs have γ

F
within the range 0.3–0.7. The remaining one-third of the events (∼33%) have either (very) soft or hard FD spectra, with the latter being more common than the former. Significant variations of γ

F
occur within almost every FD event. During the initial FD decay phase the spectrum becomes gradually harder, in contrast to the recovery phase, when it becomes softer. Additionally, low energies (rigidities) seem to be better suited for studying the fine structure of interplanetary disturbances (primarily interplanetary coronal mass ejections) that lead to FDs. In particular, FDs recorded by the EPHIN instrument on SOHO better capture a two-step structure than FDs observed by NMs. Finally, the ejecta of an ICME, especially when identified as a magnetic cloud, often leads to abrupt changes in the slope of γ

F
.
Mid-infrared Outbursts in Nearby Galaxies (MIRONG). I. Sample Selection and Characterization
Authors: Jiang Ning , Wang Tinggui , Dou Liming , Shu Xinwen , Hu Xueyang , Liu Hui , Wang Yibo , Yan Lin , Sheng Zhenfeng , Yang Chenwei , Sun Luming , Zhou Hongyan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Optical time-domain astronomy has grown rapidly in the past decade, but the dynamic infrared sky is rarely explored. Aiming to construct a sample of mid-infrared outbursts in nearby galaxies (MIRONG), we have conducted a systematical search of low-redshift (z < 0.35) Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic galaxies that have experienced recent mid-infrared (MIR) flares using their Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) light curves. A total of 137 galaxies have been selected by requiring a brightening amplitude of 0.5 mag in at least one WISE band with respect to their quiescent phases. Only a small fraction (10.9%) has corresponding optical flares. Except for the four supernovae (SNe) in our sample, the MIR luminosities of the remaining sources (L
4.6 μm > 1042 erg s−1) are markedly brighter than known SNe, and their physical locations are very close to the galactic center (median <0.″1). Only four galaxies are radio-loud, indicating that synchrotron radiation from relativistic jets could contribute to MIR variability. We propose that these MIR outbursts are dominated by the dust echoes of transient accretion onto supermassive black holes, such as tidal disruption events (TDEs) and turn-on (changing-look) active galactic nuclei. Moreover, the inferred peak MIR luminosity function is generally consistent with the X-ray and optical TDEs at the high end, albeit with large uncertainties. Our results suggest that a large population of transients has been overlooked by optical surveys, probably due to dust obscuration or intrinsically optical weakness. Thus, a search in the infrared band is crucial for us to obtain a panoramic picture of nuclear outburst. The multiwavelength follow-up observations of the MIRONG sample are in progress and will be presented in a series of subsequent papers.
Multiple drug-resistant HBV mutation may contribute to poor response of adefovir + entecavir in entecavir-resistant patients
Authors: Shao Jinman , Liu Yan , Liu Li-Ming , Chen Rongjuan , Zhao Li , Zhou Yi , Li Le , Li Xiaodong , Li Jin , Xu Dongping 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Adefovir plus entecavir (ADV+ETV) rescue therapy in ETV-resistant patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is suboptimal in some patients. This study aims to elucidate the evolutionary characteristics of drug-resistant HBV mutants and their association with clinical responses in such patients.
Methodology: Thirty-seven ETV-resistant patients were enrolled, among whom twelve had an inadequate virological response to ADV+ETV rescue therapy. The clonal sequence (³ 20 clones/sample) of HBV reverse transcriptase gene was performed to identify the resistance mutations. Phenotypic analysis was performed to evaluate the replication capacity and drug susceptibility of the mutants.
Results: ETV-resistant mutants were continuously detected in 10 of the 12 patients, and multidrug-resistant (MDR) mutants, including a novel strain (rtL180M+A181V+T184A+S202G+M204V), were detected in two patients. Seven of the 12 patients who subsequently received tenofovir (TDF)-based therapy for 38 (23−60) months all achieved undetectable HBV DNA after treatment, and ETV-resistant mutants converted to wild-type in the four patients’ samples. In contrast, the other five patients who did not achieve an adequate virological response had remaining of ETV-resistant mutants. The novel MDR strain exhibited multiple resistances to LAM, ADV, and ETV, and 11.2-fold lower susceptibility to TDF.
Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate that MDR HBV mutations may contribute to the poor efficacy of ADV+ETV combination therapy in ETV-resistant patients. Moreover, a novel MDR HBV strain was identified. Our results indicate that a TDF-based rescue therapy would be effective for the treatment of the refractory cases.
The role of plasma presepsin levels in determining the incidence of septic shock and mortality in patients with sepsis
Authors: Kahveci Ugur , Ozkan Seda , Melekoglu Adem , Usul Eren , Ozturk Gulfer , Cetin Esra , Abatay Kerim , Sahin Ali 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the role of plasma presepsin in the early detection of septic shock and in determining the prognosis and mortality of patients with sepsis.
Methodology: The study was conducted in the emergency department between 1 January 2017 and 1 July 2017. A total of 106 patients 18 years of age or older who were diagnosed with sepsis according to the quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) criteria were included in this prospective study. The patients’ symptoms, vital signs, additional diseases, demographic attributes, laboratory results, Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis (MEDS) scores, imaging findings and treatments were recorded. Moreover, the patients’ blood samples were collected to measure plasma presepsin, procalcitonin and CRP levels.
Results: In total, 55.7% of the patients were female. The median age of the patients was 78 (24–103) years, and their 30-day mortality rate was 67%. The presepsin level was significantly higher in the sepsis group than in the healthy control group (p < 0.001). The presepsin levels did not differ significantly between the sepsis and septic shock groups (p = 0.12). Similarly, the procalcitonin levels did not differ significantly between the sepsis and septic shock groups (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the presepsin, procalcitonin and CRP levels between survivor and non-survivor patients (p = 0.74).
Conclusions: The plasma presepsin level was found to be ineffective in determining the incidence of septic shock and mortality in patients with sepsis in the emergency department.