bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
İnfodemik Dünya: Sağlık Habercilerinin Pandemi Sürecinde İnfodemiye İlişkin Tespit ve Önerileri
Authors: PAKKAN Şükran 
Published: September 2021

Covid-19 salgını; geleneksel medya araçları ve sosyal medya platformlarında yanlış ve yanıltıcı bilgi fırtınası yaratmakla kalmamış, kitle iletişim araçları aracılığıyla doğru bilgiye ulaşmak için güvenilir sistemlere ihtiyaç duyulduğunu bir kez daha belirgin olarak ortaya çıkarmıştır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’ne göre, kontrolsüz, eksik ve yanlış bilgilerin Covid-19 virüsünden daha hızlı yayılmasına neden olan infodemik ortam, psikolojik paniğe, yanıltıcı tıbbi tavsiyelere ve sosyal medyada dramatik bir yapısal bozulmaya neden olmuştur.
Pandemi süreci, gerçekle ilgisi olmayan söylentilerin ve yanlış bilgilerin virüsle yarışırcasına hızla ilerlemesi nedeniyle, gazetecilikte sağlık gibi önemli alanlarda uzmanlaşmanın ve kriz yönetiminin önemini bir kez daha ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda, bu makale infodeminin salgın sürecine etkisine odaklanarak uzman sağlık gazetecileri perspektifinden bir değerlendirme sunmaktadır. Medyanın pandemi haberciliğine nasıl yaklaştığını belirleme noktasında bu çalışmayı gerekli kılan sorun, Covid-19'un ortaya çıkışı ile, bütün dünyayı etkisi altına alan krizin medyadaki çerçevesinin sorunu hafifletmeye (ya da tırmandırmaya) nasıl etkili olduğu ve sağlık gazeteciği etik kriterlerinin ele alınıp alınmadığı sorularında gizlidir.
Bilgi tüketim alışkanlıkları ve medyanın haber üretim süreçlerinin analiz edilmesi amacıyla yürütülen çalışma kapsamında, ulusal medyada görev yapan kıdemli sağlık gazetecileri ile görüşülmüştür. Çalışma gazetecilerin salgın sırasında yalan haber ve bilgi üretimi konusundaki deneyim, gözlem ve endişelerini ortaya koymaları açısından önemlidir. Sağlık gazetecileri yanlış bilgilerin “nasıl” üretildiğini, bu bilgilerin yayılmasında “kim”lerin etkili olduğunu, “neden” yayıldığını ortaya koymakta, infodemiyle mücadele için resmi mecralar, medya ve okurlar için önerilerini sunmaktadırlar.
Çalışma ile, bilime dayalı ve objektif haberciliğin post-truth hakikat çağında her zamankinden çok daha önemli olduğu gerçeğini kanıtlamakta, yanlış bilgi ve komplo teorilerinin medya aracılığıyla toplumun geniş kesimlerine erişmesinin önüne geçilmesi amacıyla öneriler ortaya koymaktadır.
Vitamin D Supplementation for the Prevention of Falls and Fractures in Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities: A 2021 Update
Authors: Banerjee Srabani , Gunn Holly , Spry Carolyn 
Published: September 2021

The relevant publications identified comprised 1 overview of systematic reviews and 2 systematic reviews.
There is a suggestion that for seniors living in long-term care facilities, compared to control, vitamin D supplementation, with or without calcium, may reduce the rate of falls and fractures; however, the reductions were not always statistically significant.
There were no statistically significant differences in the number of seniors who fell with vitamin D supplementation, with or without calcium, compared with control groups.
Findings need to be interpreted with caution, considering the limitations such as primary studies of variable quality (critically low to moderate) and lack of clarity with respect to the type of long-term care setting.
No cost-effectiveness studies regarding vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of falls and fractures in elderly patients residing in long-term care facilities were identified.
No evidence-based guidelines regarding vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of falls and fractures in elderly patients residing in long-term care facilities were identified.
Harm Reduction Interventions to Prevent Overdose Deaths
Authors: Harris Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

Overdose deaths have been occurring at high rates in many parts of Canada. From January 2016 (when national surveillance began) to March 2019, an estimated 12,800 Canadians died of an opioid overdose.1 In addition to opioid-related harms, stimulants such as methamphetamine have re-emerged in some regions and are also contributing to the current rise in overdose deaths.
COVID-19 has resulted in a more compromised illicit drug supply, and those who use drugs have had limited access to formal and informal supports because of public health measures regarding physical distancing. As a result, overdose deaths have increased during the pandemic.
Harm reduction approaches provide a mechanism to prevent overdose deaths and have additional health and public safety benefits. The current crisis has been exacerbated by COVID-19; therefore, it is an appropriate time to consider the entire continuum of harm reduction approaches available to reduce preventable overdose deaths.
People with lived experience of drug use should be meaningfully included in policy discussions about harm reduction and overdose prevention interventions. This would enhance the person-centredness of programs and ensure they are reflective of the lived realities of those who use drugs.
Although societal attitudes about drug use are changing, harm reduction interventions remain politically contentious. Countering stigma, being prepared to engage with community concerns, and clearly articulating that harm reduction services are intended to complement and not replace drug treatment are all important in enhancing public understanding of harm reduction.
Dupilumab (Dupixent)
Authors: Reimbursement Team  
Published: September 2021

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses dupilumab (Dupixent), 200 mg or 300 mg, single use syringe, solution for subcutaneous injection.
Indication: As add-on maintenance treatment in patients aged 12 years and older with severe asthma with a type 2/eosinophilic phenotype or oral corticosteroid–dependent asthma
Reimbursement request: For patients with type 2 or eosinophilic asthma characterized by the following:

2 or more clinically significant asthma exacerbations in the last 12 months and

blood eosinophils ≥ 150 cells/µL, or
fractional exhaled nitric oxide ≥ 25 parts per billion, or
treatment with maintenance oral corticosteroids, or
clinically allergen-driven asthma.
Assessing the response of soil carbon in Australia to changing inputs and climate using a consistent modelling framework
Authors: Lee Juhwan , Viscarra Rossel Raphael A. , Zhang Mingxi , Luo Zhongkui , Wang Ying-Ping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Land use and management practices affect the response of soil organic carbon (C) to global change. Process-based models of soil C are useful tools to simulate C dynamics, but it is important to bridge any disconnect that exists between the data used to inform the models and the processes that they depict. To minimise that disconnect, we developed a consistent modelling framework that integrates new spatially explicit soil measurements and data with the Rothamsted carbon model (Roth C) and simulates the response of soil organic C to future climate change across Australia. We compiled publicly available continental-scale datasets and pre-processed, standardised and configured them to the required spatial and temporal resolutions. We then calibrated Roth C and ran simulations to estimate the baseline soil organic C stocks and composition in the 0–0.3 m layer at 4043 sites in cropping, modified grazing, native grazing and natural environments across Australia. We used data on the C fractions, the particulate, mineral-associated and resistant organic C (POC, MAOC and ROC, respectively) to represent the three main C pools in the Roth C model's structure. The model explained 97 %–98 % of the variation in measured total organic C in soils under cropping and grazing and 65 % in soils under natural environments. We optimised the model at each site and experimented with different amounts of C inputs to simulate the potential for C accumulation under constant climate in a 100-year simulation. With an annual increase of 1 Mg C ha−1 in C inputs, the model simulated a potential soil C increase of 13.58 (interquartile range 12.19–15.80), 14.21 (12.38–16.03) and 15.57 (12.07–17.82) Mg C ha−1 under cropping, modified grazing and native grazing and 3.52 (3.15–4.09) Mg C ha−1 under natural environments. With projected future changes in climate (+1.5, 2 and 5.0 ∘C) over 100 years, the simulations showed that soils under natural environments lost the most C, between 3.1 and 4.5 Mg C ha−1, while soils under native grazing lost the least, between 0.4 and 0.7 Mg C ha−1. Soil under cropping lost between 1 and 2.7 Mg C ha−1, while those under modified grazing showed a slight increase with temperature increases of 1.5 ∘C, but with further increases of 2 and 5 ∘C the median loss of TOC was 0.28 and 3.4 Mg C ha−1, respectively. For the different land uses, the changes in the C fractions varied with changes in climate. An empirical assessment of the controls on the C change showed that climate, pH, total N, the C : N ratio and cropping were the most important controls on POC change. Clay content and climate were dominant controls on MAOC change. Consistent and explicit soil organic C simulations improve confidence in the model's estimations, facilitating the development of sustainable soil management under global change.
334-year coral record of surface temperature and salinity variability in the greater Agulhas Current region
Authors: Zinke Jens , Rühs Siren , Pfeiffer Miriam , Watanabe Takaaki K. , Grab Stefan , Garbe-Schönberg Dieter , Biastoch Arne 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The Agulhas Current (AC) off the southern tip of Africa is one of the strongest western boundary currents and a crucial chokepoint of inter-ocean heat and salt exchange between the Indian and the South Atlantic Ocean. However, large uncertainties remain concerning the sea surface temperature and salinity variability in the AC region and their driving mechanisms over longer time scales, due to short observational datasets and the highly dynamic nature of the region. Here, we present an annual coral skeletal Sr/Ca composite record paired with an established composite oxygen isotope record from Ifaty and Tulear reefs in southwestern Madagascar to obtain a 334 year-long (1661–1995) reconstruction of δ18Oseawater changes related to surface salinity variability in the wider Agulhas Current region. Our new annual δ18Oseawater composite record from Ifaty traces surface salinity of the southern Mozambique Channel and AC core region from the SODA reanalysis since 1958. δ18Oseawater appears mainly driven by large-scale wind forcing in the southern Indian Ocean on interannual to decadal time scales. The δ18Oseawater and SST at Ifaty show characteristic interannual variability of between 2 to 4 years, typical for ENSO. Lagged correlations with the Multivariate ENSO index reveals a 1–2 year lag of δ18Oseawater and salinity at Ifaty and the AC region, suggesting that propagation of anomalies by ocean Rossby waves may contribute to salinity changes in the wider southwestern Indian Ocean. The δ18Oseawater and SST reconstructions at Ifaty reveal the highest interannual variability during the Little Ice Age, especially around 1700, which is in agreement with other Indo-Pacific coral studies. Our study demonstrates the huge potential to unlock past interannual and decadal changes in surface ocean hydrology and ocean transport dynamics from coral δ18Oseawater beyond the short instrumental record.
Investigating Novel Electrocardiographic Ventricular Repolarization Markers in Scleroderma Patients
Authors: Kurtar Mansıroğlu Aslı , Erdal Emrah , Inanir Mehmet , Taşçı Murat 
Published: September 2021

Aim: Ventricular repolarization involves the J-wave, ST-segment, T-wave, and U-wave on the surface electrocardiography (ECG). QT dispersion, Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT, Tp-e/QTc, Tp-e/JT, and Tp-e/JTc ratios are some indices that predict ventricular tachyarrythmias. Although studies, evaluating repolarization abnormalities in scleroderma have frequently focused on Tp-e interval, QT, and Tp-e/QT, in our study, we aimed to investigate the risk of ventricular arrhythmia by using Tp-e/JT and Tp-e/JTc ratios, which are relatively new parameters.Methods: The study comprised 42 patients with scleroderma (mean age: 50.8 ± 7.3 years; 38 women and 4 men) and 40 healthy controls (mean age: 47.9 ± 5.5 years; 37 women and 3 men). We leveraged a standard 12-lead ECG recording to measure Tp-e interval, Tp-e/JT, Tp-e/JTc, Tpe/QTc, and Tp-e/QT parameters for each patient.Results: Compared to the scleroderma patients electrocardiographic repolarization parameters including Tp-e (90.8 ± 10.9 vs 77.0 ± 10.2, p
Applying social cognitive theory to predict physical activity and dietary behavior among patients with type-2 diabetes
Authors: Sebastian Ann Tresa , Rajkumar Eslavath , Tejaswini P , Lakshmi R , Romate J 
Published: September 2021

Introduction Non-communicable diseases, arising out of changing lifestyle habits of people, are the foremost causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Most of these diseases occur in low and middle-income countries. Chronic diseases can be managed with the help of health behaviors such as proper diet, physical exercise, adherence to medication, and avoidance of health risk behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, etc. The social cognitive theory addresses the role of personal and environmental factors in an individual’s health behavior. The current study aims to understand the role of social cognitive theory on physical activity and dietary behavior amongst individuals diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. Methods A correlational study was conducted among 225 participants with type-2 diabetes, who are under medication. The data was collected using social cognitive questionnaire for physical activity & dietary behavior and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results It was found from the study results that, all the domains of social cognitive theory were significantly correlated with physical activity (p<0.001) and the SCT domains- self-regulation (p<0.001), social support (p<0.001), and outcome expectancy (p<0.05) were significantly correlated with dietary behavior. The results of multiple linear regressions indicated that the domains self- regulation and self- efficacy were the significant predictor for physical activity behavior (R2=.21, p ≤ 0.001) while the domains social support and self-regulation were the significant predictor of dietary behavior (R2=.09, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion The study results show that there is an influence of social cognitive domains on physical activity and dietary behaviour. Further, this study suggests that social cognitive theory based intervention can be used to promote healthy behaviour.
Predator-Prey Model with Refuge, Fear and Z-Control
Authors: M. Elmojtaba Ibrahim , Al-Amri Kawkab , J.A. Khan Qamar 
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we consider a predator-prey model incorporating fear and refuge. Our results show that the predator-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if the ratio between the death rate of predators and the conversion rate of prey into predator is greater than the value of prey in refuge at equilibrium. We also show that the co-existence equilibrium points are locally asymptotically stable if the value of the prey outside refuge is greater than half of the carrying capacity. Numerical simulations show that when the intensity of fear increases, the fraction of the prey inside refuge increases; however, it has no effect on the fraction of the prey outside refuge, in the long run. It is shown that the intensity of fear harms predator population size. Numerical simulations show that the application of Z-control will force the system to reach any desired state within a limited time, whether the desired state is a constant state or a periodic state. Our results show that when the refuge size is taken to be a non-constant function of the prey outside refuge, the systems change their dynamics. Namely, when it is a linear function or an exponential function, the system always reaches the predator-free equilibrium. However, when it is taken as a logistic equation, the system reaches the co-existence equilibrium after long term oscillations.
PENAMBAHAN INFUSA DAUN PANDAN WANGI (PANDANUS AMARYLLIFOLIUS ROXB.) TERHADAP KUALITAS KEFIR SUSU SAPI DITINJAU DARI PH, KADAR AIR, TOTAL PADATAN DAN PROPERTI FISIK
Authors: Nursamsi  , Andi Kusmayadi  , Putri Dian Wulansari  
Published: September 2021

ABSTRAK
Kefir merupakan produk olahan susu yang difermentasi oleh sejumlah bakteri penghasil asam laktat (BAL). Kefir mempunyai arom khas asam sebagai hasil dari proses fermentasi, aroma khas asam tersebut kurang disukai oleh masyarakat, oleh karena itu dilakukan inovasi dengan penambahan pandan wangi untuk menetralisir aroma khas dari kefir. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Infusa Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) terhadap kefir susu sapi ditinjau dari pH, kadar air, total padatan dan properti fisik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakukan dan ulangan sebanyak 6 kali dengan perlakuan penambahan infusa pandan wangi yang berbeda yaitu : P0 tanpa penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi, P1 penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi sebanyak 5%, P2 penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi sebanyak 10%, P3 penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi sebanyak 15%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi sebanyak 5%, 10%, dan 15% tidak merubah pH, kadar air, dan total padatan pada kefir susu sapi. Penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi mencapai titik optimal pada 15% yang menghasilkan nilai pH sebesar 4,72, kadar air sebesar 87,18%, total padatan sebesar 12,81%. Pada pengamatan sensori perubahan yang terjadi cendung pada aroma.
Kata kunci : kefir, susu sapi, , infusa daun pandan wangi, pH, kadar air, total padatan, properti fisik, RAL.
ABSTRACT
Kefir is a product that is fermented by bacteria lactic acid (BAL). Kefir has a characteristic sour smell as a result of the fermentation process, the public was dislike the smell, therefore to reduce the smell innovations of kefir are made with the addition of pandan wangi leaf to neutralize the smell of sour from kefir. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding Pandan Wangi Leaf Infusion (Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb.) to cow's milk kefir in terms of pH, water content, total solids and physical properties. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications with the addition of different pandan wangi leaf infusion treatments, there are: P0 without the addition of pandan wangi leaf infusion, P1 adding 5% pandan wangi leaf infusion, P2 adding pandan wangi leaf infusion as much as 10%, P3 addition of pandan wangi leaf infusion as much as 15%. The results showed that the addition of pandan wangi leaf infusion as much as 5%, 10%, and 15% did not change the pH, water content, and total solids in cow's milk kefir. The addition of fragrant pandan leaf infusion reached the optimal point at 15% with the result is pH value of 4.72, water content of 87.18%, total solids of 12.81%. On physical property the dominantly change is the smell from the kefir.
Key words : kefir, cow's milk, , pandan wangi leaf infusion, pH, water content, total solids, physical property, CRD
Sobre la velocidad de la muerte, sus formas de captura y la extracción de carbón en Cerrejón
Authors: Pedraza Oscar 
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se discuten las dificultades, tensiones y conflictos que emergen en la construcción de casos de violaciones a derechos humanos relacionadas con minería. El artículo se concentra principalmente en los retos que enfrentan abogados y activistas de derechos humanos Colombia. Entre esos retos se encuentran: 1) La relación entre derechos humanos y minería, que implican paradigmas jurídicos, políticos y epistémicos cualitativamente distintos y obligan a la reelaboración en las formas de trabajo de quienes participan en los casos; 2) las disputas concretas en torno al estatus de verdad de los datos que sustentan las pruebas y los argumentos jurídicos, políticos y morales; 3) las diferentes formas de la muerte, que deben ser capturadas a través de prácticas, epistemologías e instituciones que no siempre son las adecuadas. Palabras clave: movimientos sociales, carbón, extractivismo, expertos, ong, saberes,derechos humanos, antropología jurídica. Abstract: On speed of death, its forms of capture and the coal extraction in Cerrejón Abstract: This paper discusses the tensions and conflicts that emerge in the processes of making cases of human rights violations linked to mining extraction. I focus on the challenges that human rights lawyers and activists, who have become experts in the art of assembling cases of human rights related to political violence in a context of war face when confronted to the making of human rights cases related to mining. Among these challenges are: 1) the relation between human rights and mining, which involve legal, political and epistemic paradigms that are often different, forcing the actors involved to reelaborate them; 2) the disputes on the truth status of the date used to sustain judicial, moral and political arguments and proofs; 3) different modalities of death that need to be captured, often with epistemological and political tools that are not always adequate. Keywords: social movements, coal, extractivism, experts, ngo’s.