bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vulvar Diseases that Required a Biopsy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bouceiro-Mendes Rita , Mendonça-Sanches M. , Soares-de-Almeida Luís , Correia-Fonseca Isabel , Borges-da-Costa João 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The vulvar area may be affected by many noninfectious conditions with similar clinical appearance, requiring a cutaneous biopsy. Our goal was to characterize the noninfectious vulvar diseases that required a biopsy in a southwestern Europe Central Hospital during a 10-year period.
Methods: A retrospective study of all the noninfectious vulvar diseases with histological confirmation diagnosed in our institution was conducted between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2017.
Results: The sample included a total of 323 biopsies from 317 patients, aged between 11 and 98 years (mean age of 54.2 years). A total of 36 vulvar diseases was identified. Neoplastic conditions were the most frequently found, particularly melanotic macules (22.3%). The most frequent malignant tumor was vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (6.2%) and squamous cell carcinoma (5.6%). The most common dermatosis was lichen sclerosus (12.7%).
Conclusion: Neoplasms were the most frequently diagnosed conditions affecting the vulvar area that required a biopsy. Ruling out malignancy was also the main reason to perform a biopsy. This study highlights the variety of noninfectious diseases that may affect the vulva and require a biopsy. Since vulvar diseases may be serious and carry high levels of patient distress a correct understanding of these conditions is crucial.
Determinantes do Tempo de Sobrevivência do Metotrexato na Psoríase: Análise Retrospetiva de 10 Anos do Registo DERMA.PT
Authors: Gomes Nuno , Dias Camila , Azevedo Filomena , Magina Sofia 
Published: December 2021

Introdução: O metotrexato é utilizado no tratamento sistémico da psoríase desde 1950, continuando a ser um fármaco de primeira linha. É importante avaliar os fatores que influenciam a sua descontinuação. O objetivo dos autores foi identificar determinantes do tempo de so- brevivência do metotrexato em doentes com psoríase.
Métodos: Foi realizada uma análise retrospetiva dos doentes incluídos no registo nacional DERMA.PT pelo Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João e que iniciaram tratamento para a psoríase com metotrexato entre janeiro de 2010 e janeiro de 2020.
Resultados: Foram identificados 146 doentes com psoríase tratados com metotrexato em monoterapia ou em associação com fototerapia. A maioria era do sexo masculino (55%), com idade média de 51±13 anos e com psoríase há mais de 10 anos. A psoríase vulgar (49%) e a psoríase artropática (47%) foram as formas mais comuns de psoríase, com um PASI inicial médio de 10,7±5,6. A maioria dos doentes era naïve para o tratamento com metotrexato. No total, 66 (45%) doentes descontinuaram o tratamento, com um tempo médio de sobrevivência do fármaco de 18,0±15,5 meses. As razões mais comuns de descontinuação foram ineficácia (32%), má adesão terapêutica (18%) e intolerância gastrointestinal (11%). O tratamento prévio com ciclosporina e a presença de artrite psoriática associaram-se ambos à descontinuação do metotrexato (estatisticamente significativo). Na maioria dos casos, foi realizado switch para anticorpo monoclonal anti-TNFα.
Discussão: Nos últimos anos, foram publicados estudos retrospetivos com enfoque no tempo de sobrevivência do metotrexato na psoríase, que revelaram um tempo médio entre 12 a 21 meses. As principais razões de descontinuação foram a ineficácia e os efeitos adversos, nomeadamente gastrointestinais. O nosso estudo está em linha com o descrito mas destaca-se pela elevada percentagem de doentes que mantiveram o tratamento. A tremenda evolução no tratamento da psoríase ao longo dos 10 anos do estudo influenciou grandemente os resultados. A principal limitação desta análise resulta do facto de ser um estudo retrospetivo.

Conclusão: Os resultados estão de acordo com as caraterísticas de sobrevivência do metotrexato publicadas e reforçam a sua importância e o seu papel no tratamento desta doença.
GÜVEN ESASLI SOSYAL SERMAYE FAKTÖRÜNÜN KALKINMA POLİTİKALARINA ETKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: KANGAL Nalan , EROĞLU İlhan , YETER Fatih 
Published: December 2021

Kalkınma ülkelerin temel ekonomik sorunları arasında sayılmaktadır. Büyüme hedefleri kalkınma ile birlikte düşünülmekte ve kalkınmanın ana unsurları arasında sosyal sermaye önemli bir yere sahip olmaktadır. Zira güven unsurunun önceliklediği ve iş yapma becerisi olarak kabul edilen sosyal sermaye iktisadi kalkınmanın temel dinamikleri arasında görülmektedir. Sosyal sermayenin kalkınmaya katkıları; asimetrik bilginin azalması, işlem maliyetlerinin düşmesi, güven, bilgi paylaşımı, rekabet gücü, siyasal hayata ve toplumsal faaliyetlere katılımın artması, gelir dağılımının düzeltilmesi, iktisadi büyümenin hızlanması gibi konularda ön plana çıkmaktadır. Son yıllarda sosyal sermaye üzerine yapılan çalışmalar kalkınma ile ilişkilendirilmekte ve ülkelerin kalkınma hedeflerine ulaşmada önemli bir rolü üstlendiği iddia edilmektedir.
Bu çalışma Türkiye’nin de içinde bulunduğu seçili 20 OECD ülkesinin güven endeksi ile kişi başına düşen gelir miktarları ve İnsani Kalkınma Endeksi oranları karşılaştırılarak sosyal sermayenin kalkınmaya etkisini açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda sosyal sermayenin kalkınma üzerinde yaratmış olduğu pozitif etki dikkate alınarak kalkınmanın önemli bir dinamiği olarak kabul edilebileceği kanaatine ulaşılmıştır.
Note to the behavior of the maximal term of Dirichlet series absolutely convergent in half-plane
Authors: Sheremeta M.M. 
Published: December 2021

By $S_0(\Lambda)$ denote a class of Dirichlet series $F(s)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}a_n\exp\{s\lambda_n\} (s=\sigma+it)$ withan increasing to $+\infty$ sequence $\Lambda=(\lambda_n)$ of exponents ($\lambda_0=0$) and the abscissa of absolute convergence $\sigma_a=0$.We say that $F\in S_0^*(\Lambda)$ if $F\in S_0(\Lambda)$ and $\ln \lambda_n=o(\ln |a_n|)$ $(n\to\infty)$. Let$\mu(\sigma,F)=\max\{|a_n|\exp{(\sigma\lambda_n)}\colon n\ge 0\}$ be the maximal term of Dirichlet series. It is proved that in order that $\ln (1/|\sigma|)=o(\ln \mu(\sigma))$ $(\sigma\uparrow 0)$ for every function $F\in S_0^*(\Lambda)$ it is necessary and sufficient that $\displaystyle \varlimsup\limits_{n\to\infty}\frac{\ln \lambda_{n+1}}{\ln \lambda_n}<+\infty. $For an analytic in the disk $\{z\colon |z|<1\}$ function $f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}a_n z^n$ and $r\in (0, 1)$ we put $M_f(r)=\max\{|f(z)|\colon |z|=r<1\}$ and $\mu_f(r)=\max\{|a_n|r^n\colon n\ge 0\}$. Then from hence we get the following statement: {\sl if there exists a sequence $(n_j)$ such that $\ln n_{j+1}=O(\ln n_{j})$ and $\ln n_{j}=o(\ln |a_{n_{j}}|)$ as $j\to\infty$, then the functions $\ln \mu_f(r)$ and $\ln M_f(r)$ are or not are slowly increasing simultaneously.
Sexual education for adolescents: parent role in rural area
Authors: Waliyanti Ema , Dewantari Ratna Ajeng 
Published: December 2021

Health problems faced by adolescents when they are very varied and related to risky sexual behavior. Sexual education is currently still considered taboo by the public because it is less appropriate to talk about and is private. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of parents in sexual education in adolescents. This study uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews with 12 participants who were determined by purposive sampling. The saturation data with 5 parent and 7 adolescents. Data validity test used source triangulation, member cheking, peer debrifing, and thick description. Data analysis using open code 4.03 software. This research is ethical with number No. 020 / EC-KEPK FKIK UMY / I / 2021.Â The results showed that the role of parents in providing sex education to adolescents was caused by several factors, namely the closeness of children to their parents, parental education, parental divorce, parents' perceptions of sex education, perceptions of the importance of sex education, and parenting styles of parents to child, which affect the optimal role of parents in sex education for their children. To conclude, it is important for parents to provide sexual education to prevent risky sexual behavior, such as providing sexual education for adolescents, giving advice to children, supervising children's relationships, and providing rules for children.
Enhancing Socio-Economic Rights in the Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe through Fiscal Decentralization: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Munyede Paradzai , Chikwawawa Cosmas , Mazambani Delis 
Published: December 2021

Background: Since 2019, the government of Zimbabwe has been making fiscal transfers to local governments as part of fulfilling the constitutional provisions to improve the socio-economic wellbeing of communities. Despite these transfers, there is limited research that establishes whether the funds are achieving the intended results.
Objective: The main focus of this paper was to assess progress towards the enhancement of the socio-economic rights of communities in the Mashonaland Central province of Zimbabwe through fiscal decentralization.
Method: This paper adopted qualitative methodology and the case study as the design. The Mashonaland Central province was purposively selected as it is one of the regions lagging in terms of development. Data was collected through, documentary analysis and key informant interviews with ten councilors, one Town clerk, nine Chief Executive Officers as well as ten focus group discussions with community members.
Findings: The study noted that since the transfer of funds to local authorities started in 2019, significant progress has been achieved in the fulfillment of socio-economic rights. However, local governments were facing challenges such as the unavailability of an administrative manual to guide them in the implementation of fiscal decentralization, lack of clear funds allocation criteria, untimely and unpredictable distribution of funds, price instability, cumbersome procurement processes and lack of a monitoring and evaluation framework. These challenges were negatively affecting the attainment of the desired goals.
Conclusions and Recommendations: Fiscal devolution has already started paying dividends in enhancing the socio-economic rights of communities in the Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe in key sectors such as water and sanitation, education, healthcare, infrastructure development, governance and administration, and peace and security. There is a need to develop an administrative manual for implementing fiscal devolution, timely disbursement devolution funds, use of virtual meetings in the wake of the Covid- 19 pandemic, integration of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, and capacity building of local government policymakers and administrators.
Koncepcja tzw. sprawstwa rozszerzonego przestępstw przeciwko bezpieczeństwu w komunikacji. Stanowisko krytyczne
Authors: Kluza Jan 
Published: December 2021

The subject of the article is to discuss the issues related to the crime against security in communication, and above all, specified in Art. 177 of the Criminal Code for the offense of causing a road accident. Despite the fact that, in its basic elements, the features of this prohibited act do not raise any doubts, and the crime functioned in all penal codifications, it is still problematic to determine who can actually be the subject of it. Expression of this problem are the recent judgements, which ought to be subject to criticism. This is related to the possibility of responsibility for the so-called extended perpetration, which should be denial.
Pisarz i protest. Szkic do dysydenckiego portretu Borisa Akunina
Authors: Gołąbek Bartosz 
Published: December 2021

Niniejszy tekst odwołuje się do publicznej biografii ostatnich lat jednego z najpoczytniejszych współczesnych rosyjskich pisarzy — Borysa Akunina. W ramach działalności politycznej Grigorij Czchartiszwili występował pod własnym nazwiskiem, aktywnie wspierając ruch antyputinowski podczas protestów 2011-2012 roku. Zdobyte w tej działalności doświadczenie oraz wydarzenia polityczne ostatnich dziesięciu lat przyniosły mu spore rozczarowanie i zaowocowały losem ekspata. Przy okazji jednak, zmobilizowany przez okoliczności, Akunin otworzył nowy projekt literacki pod tytułem История Российского Государвства (Historia państwa rosyjskiego), który ma być jego autorską próbą odpowiedzi na odwieczne pytania o Rosję.
Electron paramagnetic resonance in organic binder aging in dispersely reinforced substructures
Authors: Lukashevich V. N. , Lukashevich O. D. , Mokshin R. I. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To study the intensity of binder aging in organo-mineral mixtures using electron paramagnetic resonance. The aging intensity of the organic binder is provided by its concentration in paramagnetic centers, since asphaltenes are almost one hundred percent of paramagnet concentration and indicate to the aging intensity of the petroleum dispersion system.Approach: Dispersed reinforcement of substructures with chemical fibers made of spent sorbents containing a controlled amount of absorbed oil products allows to partially solve the problem of crack formation and fracture of road pavements designed in accordance with the regulatory documents.Research implications: The service life of substructure made of dispersely reinforced organo-mineral mixtures reduces owing to organic binder aging, which begins at the stage of preparation of organo-mineral mixtures and continues during the substructure operation. Organic binder ageing results in the formation of solvation layers on the surface of mineral materials that become more viscous and brittle.Findings: The substructure dispersed reinforcement with chemical fibers made of spent sorbents containing a controlled amount of absorbed oil products decreases the concentration of paramagnetic centers. This indicates to a decrease in the asphaltene concentration, thereby reducing the aging intensity of the oil dispersion system.
Minusinsk architecture formation affected by local merchants in the 1920th centuries
Authors: Sitnikova E. V. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The aim of this work is to describe the architecture of Minusinsk, a small Siberian town, in line with the interests of the local merchants. The paper is relevant because of the low level of knowledge of the historical and cultural heritage of small towns in Siberia and the problems of preserving their cultural heritage.Methodology/approach: The related literature review, comparative analysis of the architecture and systems structural analysis of information. Theoretical works of scholars, historians and architects and the author’s literature and materials.Practical implications: The obtained results can be used for preparation of lectures and reports on the history of Siberian architecture. Preservation and efficient use of merchant buildings will contribute to the improvement of the city status and the development of its tourist attractiveness.Originality/value: The study of historical and cultural heritage of Minusinsk, a large merchant capital with mansion construction and industrial and commercial buildings.Findings: Minusinsk is of great interest as a historical merchant city. In the old city, there are numerous wooden and brick buildings of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They locate in central streets and squares of the old city and have specific appearance.
INTERAKSI DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP OPTIMALISASI CAPAIAN KOMPETENSI PEMBELAJARAN DARING
Authors: Ridha Muhammad 
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced learning activities to be carried out online. This raises concerns about the quality of the competencies achieved. Many previous studies on online learning have been done. However, the focus of attention on the strategic role and the contribution of interaction to the learning outcomes is still very limited. This article aims to discuss two things. First, the strategic role of learning interactions in online learning, including the interaction of educators and students, the interaction of students with students, and interactions of students with digital learning content. Second, the theoretical implication of the learning interaction variable on efforts to optimize the quality of competency attainment in online learning. Based on the results of the literature review, it shows that learning interaction is a very essential variable in determining student competency achievement through active engagement in constructing knowledge and skills, as well as the meaning of online learning perceived by students. AbstrakPandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan aktivitas pembelajaran terpaksa harus dilaksanakan secara daring. Itu menyebabkan timbulnya kekhawatiran terhadap kualitas kompetensi yang dicapai. Penelitian-penelitian terdahulu pada pembelajaran daring sudah cukup banyak dilakukan. Meskipun demikian, fokus perhatian terhadap peran strategis dan kontribusi interaksi terhadap capaian hasil pembelajaran masih sangat terbatas. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan dua hal. Pertama, peran strategis interaksi pembelajaran dalam pembelajaran daring, meliputi interaksi pendidik dan peserta didik, interaksi peserta didik dengan peserta didik dan interaksi peserta didik dengan konten pembelajaran. Kedua, implikasi teoritis variabel interaksi pembelajaran terhadap usaha optimalisasi kualitas capaian kompetensi pada pembelajaran daring. Berdasarkan hasil kajian pustaka menunjukkan bahwa interaksi pembelajaran merupakan variabel yang sangat esensial dalam menentukan capaian kompetensi pembelajaran melalui partisipasi aktif peserta didik dalam mengkonstruksi pengetahuan dan keterampilan, serta kebermaknaaan dan capaian pembelajaran daring.
«Cultural autopsy»: The Inner Body in the Visual and Verbal Space of the Modern Westerner
Authors: Nagornaya Alexandra V. 
Published: December 2021

The paper reviews the main trends in the perception of the inner body in the western culture of the late 20th – early 21st centuries caused by its wide discursivization in the visual and verbal formats. Up until the late 20th century the inner body was culturally marginalized and routinely associated with something incomprehensible, irrational, and dirty. However, postmodernism, with its clear somatocentric perspective, removed the old conceptual and discursive restrictions placing the inner body into the cultural limelight. Until recently the inner body was deemed to be part of the individual’s subjective reality which was supposed to be felt rather than understood. It was mainly defined through negation, by listing the features it was devoid of. The crucial phenomenological properties of the inner body were unobservability, unsociability, uncontrollability and unverifiability. In total, these features shaped the irrational mode of the inner-body perception prompting its discursive representation through mythopoesis. These features lose relevance with the development and ubiquitous spread of technologies, which enable online visualization of the living inner body, perceptual replication of the processes which take place within its realm and control over the activities of the inner organs. In the modern world, it is no longer possible to see these technologies as something external in relation to humans and something which is artificially brought into their experience of embodiment, because they are an integral part of our everyday existence (P.-P. Verbeek). Objective knowledge is no longer juxtaposed to the felt experience forming a synthetic unity with it. An extra factor in shaping a new type of the inner-body experience is people’s forced immersion into new discursive practices when the inner body is widely represented in their verbal and visual lifespace.
Analisis Filosofis terhadap Fatwa DSN MUI No. 106 Tahun 2016 tentang Wakaf Manfaat Asuransi dan Manfaat Investasi pada Asuransi Jiwa Syari’ah
Authors: Sriani Endang 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore the essence, substance and benefits of the DSN-MUI fatwa no. 106 of 2016 concerning waqf insurance benefits and investment benefits in Sharia Life insurance. This is a library research with primary law, DSN-MUI fatwa no. 106 of 2016. A philosophical approach was chosen in this study to describe the ontology, epistemology and axiology aspects of the fatwa. The results of this study indicate that the essence of the fatwa is to accommodate legal needs in the synergy of waqf and sharia insurance in order to maximize the benefits of waqf and sharia insurance for the wider community.
KOMPARASI PEMIKIRAN TAN MALAKA TENTANG KONSEP PENDIDIKAN KERAKYATAN DENGAN WAJAH PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA ERA MILENIAL
Authors: Sidqi Kholfan Taqo 
Published: December 2021

KOMPARASI PEMIKIRAN TAN MALAKA TENTANG KONSEP PENDIDIKAN KERAKYATAN DENGAN WAJAH PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA ERA MILENIAL

Oleh
Kholfan Zubair Taqo Sidqi
Dosen FAI Unwahas Semarang
(akha.sidqi@gmail.com)

Abstrak
Konsep Pendidikan kerakyatan yang diusung oleh Tan Malaka dengan mengedepankan kearifan lokal, membekali anak didik dengan keterampilan nyata agar berguna bagi bangsanya. Apalagi Pendidikan yang mampu menjangkau segenap lapisan masyarakat, seiring dengan tujuan dasar negara Indonesia. Pendidikan yang mendesain sekolah sebagai keluarga, agaknya mampu memperjelas tugas seorang guru sebagai Pendidik. Anak didik juga dipacu tidak sekedar masalah akademik belaka, namun aspek rohaniah nya mampu dikembangkan secara seimbang.
Melalui Pendidikan kerakyatan, mampu memanusiakan pendidik dan anak didik, segenap warga sekolah mampu bergotong royong demi mewujudkan ambisi bangsa, serta mengangkat harkat dan martabat bangsa Indonesia. Apabila fenomena Pendidikan era milenial kini keluar dari apa yang di cita-citakan para pendiri negara Indonesia, konsep Pendidikan kerakyatan mampu memberikan kontribusi sebagai Pendidikan yang mengembalikan marwah cita – cita luhur bangsa.
Kata kunci; Tan Malaka, sekolah kerakyatan, dan Pendidikan Indonesia era milenial.

Abstract
The concept of populist education promoted by Tan Malaka emphasizes local wisdom, equipping students with real skills to be useful for their nation. Moreover, capable education reach all levels of society, in line with the basic objectives of the Indonesian state. Education that designs schools as families, seems to be able to clarify the duties of a teacher as an educator. Protege too it is not only an academic problem, but its spiritual aspects can be developed in a balanced manner.

Through populist education, able to humanize educators and students, all school members are able to work together to create the nation's ambition, as well as uplifting the dignity of the Indonesian nation. If the phenomenon of millennial era education is now out of what is being desired The aspirations of the founders of the Indonesian state, the concept of populist education is able to contribute as education that returns the noble ideals of the nation.
Keywords; Tan Malaka, populist education, and Indonesian education in the millennial era.