bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of chromosomal abnormalities at relapse in children with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia: A retrospective cohort study of the Relapsed AML 2001/01 Study
Authors: Klein Kim , Beverloo H. Berna , Zimmermann Martin , Raimondi Susana C. , von Neuhoff Christine , de Haas Valérie , van Weelderen Romy , Cloos Jacqueline , Abrahamsson Jonas , Bertrand Yves , Dworzak Michael , Fynn Alcira , Gibson Brenda , Ha Shau‐Yin , Harrison Christine J. , Hasle Henrik , Elitzur Sarah , Leverger Guy , Maschan Alexei , Razzouk Bassem , Reinhardt Dirk , Rizzari Carmelo , Smisek Pter , Creutzig Ursula , Kaspers Gertjan J. L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to treatment response, cytogenetic and molecular aberrations are the most important prognostic factors in children with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, little is known about cytogenetics at the time of relapse.MethodsThis international study analyzed the prognostic value of cytogenetic profiles and karyotypic changes in pediatric relapsed AML in relation to the probability of event‐free (pEFS) and overall survival (pOS). For this purpose, cytogenetic reports from all patients registered on the Relapsed AML 2001/01 Study were reviewed and classified.ResultsCytogenetic information at relapse was available for 403 (71%) of 569 registered patients. Frequently detected aberrations at relapse were t(8;21)(q22;q22) (n = 60) and inv(16)(p13.1q22)/t(16;16)(p13.1;q22) (n = 24), both associated with relatively good outcome (4‐year pOS 59% and 71%, respectively). Monosomy 7/7q−, t(9;11)(p22;q23), t(10;11)(p12;q23), and complex karyotypes were associated with poor outcomes (4‐year pOS 17%, 19%, 22%, and 22%, respectively). Of 261 (65%) patients for whom cytogenetic data were reliable at both diagnosis and relapse, pEFS was inferior for patients with karyotypic instability (n = 128, 49%), but pOS was similar. Unstable karyotypes with both gain and loss of aberrations were associated with inferior outcome. Early treatment response, time to relapse, and cytogenetic profile at time of relapse were the most important prognostic factors, both outweighing karytoypic instability per se.ConclusionThe cytogenetic subgroup at relapse is an independent risk factor for (event‐free) survival. Cytogenetic assessment at the time of relapse is of high importance and may contribute to improved risk‐adapted treatment for children with relapsed AML.
Coagulation profiles and viscoelastic testing in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Authors: Ankola Ashish A. , Bradford Victoria R. , Newburger Jane W. , Emani Sirisha , Dionne Audrey , Friedman Kevin , Son Mary Beth , Henderson Lauren A. , Lee Pui Y. , Hellinger Amy , Hawkins Beth , Ventresco Courtney , Esteso Paul , VanderPluym Christina J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize viscoelastic testing profiles of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C).MethodsThis single‐center retrospective review included 30 patients diagnosed with MIS‐C from March 1 to September 1, 2020. Thromboelastography (TEG) with platelet mapping was performed in 19 (63%) patients and compared to age‐ and sex‐matched controls prior to cardiac surgery. Relationships between TEG parameters and inflammatory markers were assessed using correlation.ResultsPatients with MIS‐C had abnormal TEG results compared to controls, including decreased kinetic (K) time (1.1 vs. 1.7 minutes, p < .01), increased alpha angle (75.0° vs. 65.7°, p < .01), increased maximum amplitude (70.8 vs. 58.3 mm, p < .01), and decreased lysis in 30 minutes (Ly30) (1.1% vs. 3.7%, p = .03); consistent with increased clot formation rate and strength, and reduced fibrinolysis. TEG maximum amplitude was moderately correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (r = 0.60, p = .02), initial platelet count (r = 0.67, p < .01), and peak platelet count (r = 0.51, p = .03). TEG alpha angle was moderately correlated with peak platelet count (r = 0.54, p = .02). Seventeen (57%) patients received aspirin (ASA) and anticoagulation, five (17%) received only ASA, and three (10%) received only anticoagulation. No patients had a symptomatic thrombotic event. Six (20%) patients had a bleeding event, none of which was major.ConclusionsPatients with MIS‐C had evidence of hypercoagulability on TEG. Increased ESR and platelets were associated with higher clot strength. Patients were prophylactically treated with ASA or anticoagulation with no symptomatic thrombosis or major bleeding. Further multicenter study is required to characterize the rate of thrombosis and optimal thromboprophylaxis algorithm in this patient population.
Patterned superhydrophobic surface fabrication by coupled atmospheric pressure RF and pulsed volume dielectric barrier discharges
Authors: Song Yijia , Huang Qinghua , Ma Chuanlong , Yang Qi , Shu Zhan , Liu Pengfei , Chen Qiang , Nikiforov Anton , Xiong Qing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSuperhydrophobic (SH) surfaces have great potential in numerous applications. Plasma polymerization is one of the most efficient technologies for engineering SH surfaces due to its unique feature of tailoring surface chemistry and surface topography simultaneously. Herein, a novel sandwich‐like plasma device that consists of contiguous two‐stage dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) driven by the time‐modulated radiofrequency (RF) and pulsed power sources is proposed to polymerize hexamethyldisilazane (HMDSN) at atmospheric pressure for the purpose of SH surface engineering. The coordination of dual power sources shows effective performances in plasma operation and material surface treatment, compared to the case driven by any power source alone. Easy ignition and enhanced stability are achievable for the upper RF DBD with the assistance of the bottom pulsed DBD. Vice versa, a diffuser pulsed discharge is obtainable with the input of abundant active and energetic species and precursor fragments from the upper RF plasma. Diagnostic measurements by optical emission spectroscopy and Mie scattering demonstrate that HMDSN fragmentation and nanoparticle nucleation are initiated predominantly by the RF‐driven plasma. These species and nanoparticles are further fragmented and dispersed in the bottom pulsed discharge. Consequently, the desired SH surface is fabricated with a similar pattern to that of the pulsed DBD geometry. This study provides a new pathway based on the plasma‐assisted method to control surface hydrophobicity and provides insights on a new plasma deposition method suitable for atmospheric pressure material processing.
Protracted respiratory findings in children post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Leftin Dobkin Shoshana C. , Collaco Joseph M. , McGrath‐Morrow Sharon A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionAlthough prolonged respiratory symptoms following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection have been described in adults, data are emerging that children also experience long‐term sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The respiratory sequelae of COVID‐19 in children remain poorly characterized. In this study we describe health data and respiratory findings in pediatric patients presenting with persistent respiratory symptoms following COVID‐19.MethodsThis study included patients referred to Pulmonary Clinic at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia between December 2020 and April 2021 (n = 29). Inclusion criteria included a history of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA positivity or confirmed close household contact and suggestive symptoms. A retrospective chart review was performed and demographic, clinical, imaging, and functional test data were collected.ResultsThe mean age at presentation to clinic was 13.1 years (range: 4–19 years). Patients had persistent respiratory symptoms ranging from 1.3 to 6.7 months postacute infection. Persistent dyspnea and/or exertional dyspnea were present in nearly all (96.6%) patients at the time of clinic presentation. Other reported chronic symptoms included cough (51.7%) and exercise intolerance (48.3%). Fatigue was reported in 13.8% of subjects. Many subjects were overweight or obese (62.1%) and 11 subjects (37.9%) had a prior history of asthma. Spirometry and plethysmography were normal in most patients. The six‐minute walk test (6MWT) revealed exercise intolerance and significant tachycardia in two‐thirds of the nine children tested.ConclusionExertional dyspnea, cough and exercise intolerance were the most common respiratory symptoms in children with postacute COVID‐19 respiratory symptoms seen in an outpatient pulmonary clinic. Spirometry (and plethysmography when available), however, was mostly normal, and exertional intolerance was frequently demonstrated using the 6MWT.
Wolbachia promotes successful sex with siblings in the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor
Authors: Bagheri Zeynab , Talebi Ali Asghar , Asgari Sassan , Mehrabadi Mohammad 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDWolbachia are intracellular α‐proteobacteria that have a wide distribution among various arthropods and nematodes. They affect the host reproduction favoring their maternal transmission, which sets up a potential conflict in inbreeding situations when the host avoids sexual reproduction preventing inbreeding depression, while Wolbachia pushes it. We used the wasp Habrobracon hebetor to test the hypothesis that Wolbachia modulates inbreeding avoidance behavior and promotes sib mating.RESULTSOur results showed no obvious pre‐copulatory inbreeding avoidance in this wasp. However, H. hebetor showed a strong post‐copulatory inbreeding avoidance behavior that resulted in a low fertilization rate of uninfected siblings and therefore high rate of production of male progeny was obtained. We observed higher rates of fertilization success in the Wolbachia‐infected lines that resulted in significantly higher female progeny production compared to the uninfected sib mates. Since diploid females are the result of successful fertilization due to haplodiploidy sex determination system in this insect, our results indicate that Wolbachia promoted fertile sib mating in H. hebetor. Interestingly, the rate of adult emergence in the progeny of Wolbachia‐infected sib mates were almost similar to the non‐sib mate crosses and significantly more than those observed in the uninfected sib mate crosses.CONCLUSIONOur results support the idea that Wolbachia modulates inbreeding avoidance and promotes sib mating and also mitigates inbreeding depression. By promoting successful sex with siblings and increasing the probability of female progeny, Wolbachia enhances its transmission to the next generation. This is an undescribed effect of Wolbachia on the host reproduction. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of trout aquaculture on water chemistry of tropical montane streams in Ecuador
Authors: Preston Daniel L. , Lamb Robert W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecent growth in inland aquaculture may have unintended consequences for freshwater ecosystems. To examine how trout aquaculture affects montane stream water chemistry, we sampled multiple locations above and below 14 trout farms on the eastern and western slopes of the Andes Mountains near Quito, Ecuador. We quantified changes in water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, total dissolved nitrogen, and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP). Trout farms varied in size (1 to 60 raceways), elevation (~1,500 to 2,500 m above sea level), and surrounding forest cover (7 to 56% mean canopy cover). Samples collected immediately above and below trout farms showed small decreases in mean dissolved oxygen (6% decrease) and pH (0.1 unit decrease), a small increase in mean water temperature (0.2°C), but no changes in conductivity. We observed a 30% increase in total dissolved nitrogen from immediately above to below trout farms. Changes in both dissolved oxygen and nitrogen dissipated with distance downstream from the trout farm. TDP increased by 39% immediately below trout farms, was positively associated with the number of raceways per farm, and did not decrease with distance downstream. Future work should address how the observed nutrient increases affect Andean stream communities and ecosystem processes, particularly alongside the direct effects of introduced trout and concurrent land use change, including livestock grazing.
Preparation and Characterization of the Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets Coated with Poly‐(NVCL‐co‐AGE))/MA for the Anticancer Drug Delivery Light
Authors: Kalakoo Mina Mohammadi , Heydarinasab Amir , Moniri Elham , Panahi Homayon Ahmad , Khoshneviszadeh Rabea 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA novel thermosensitive polymer (poly‐(NVCL‐co‐AGE))/MA was synthesized by N‐vinylcaprolactam (NVCL), 5‐Amino‐2‐hydroxybenzoic acid (Mesalamine, MA) and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE). The obtained polymeric matrix is functionalized on molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MNs (which is used as a drug carrier for efficient drug delivery. The ability of MNs ‐ (poly‐(NVCL‐co‐AGE))/MA was estimated as a nanocarrier for the delivery of imatinib mesylate (IM) as an antitumor drug. The resulting polymer was confirmed by FESEM/EDX, TEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA, and UV‐Vis spectroscopy. The impacts of various variables such as pH, contact time, and temperature on the adsorption efficiency were also evaluated. Kinetic and isotherm studies of IM adsorption demonstrated that the adsorption of IM on the surface of MNs ‐ (poly‐(NVCL‐co‐AGE))/MA was well fitted to the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. On the other hand, we were interested in estimating drug release kinetics and in vitro release behavior of IM loaded on MNs ‐ (poly‐(NVCL‐co‐AGE))/MA. In vitro controlled drug release and phototherapy under near‐infrared (NIR) light irradiation are also discussed. The existence of absorbed NIR energy causes shrinkage of thermo‐sensitive polymer chains and successfully caused the drug release. In vitro drug release of MNs ‐ (poly‐(NVCL‐co‐AGE))/MA was comparatively carried out at 37 and 50 °C. The release rate of MNs ‐ (poly‐(NVCL‐co‐AGE))/MA at 50 °C was much higher than those at 37 °C. Also, the drug release behavior after the involvement of NIR light irradiation reached up to 98 % over 15 min, which was about 11 times that without NIR light irradiation.
Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid by a RuII Half Sandwich Catalyst
Authors: Vatsa Aditi , Padhi Sumanta Kumar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDehydrogenation of formic acid is an emerging domain in the sustainable energy system. In this study a half‐sandwich [Ru(η6‐benzene)(hdm)]BF4 [Ru‐hdm] complex (hdm=hydroxydi(pyridine‐2‐yl)methanolate) has been synthesized and characterized through various spectroscopic techniques. The [Ru‐hdm] has been used to dehydrogenate formic acid in simple water using sodium formate (HCOONa) as a base has also been depicted in this study. The [Ru‐hdm] complex is a descent catalyst towards dehydrogenation of formic acid into carbon dioxide and hydrogen in 1 : 1 ratio, which has been detected by gas chromatography.
N, S Dual Doped Mesoporous Carbon Supported Co9S8 Nanoparticles as Efficient Hydrogen Evolving Electrocatalysts in a Wide pH Range
Authors: Miao Sijia , Xu Jing , Tang Duihai , Zhang Wenting , Wang Yichen , Huang Yuan , Wang Jianjun , Zhao Zhen , Xin Shigang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA series of Co9S8 nanoparticles (NPs) embedded, N, S co‐doped mesoporous carbons were synthesized by the combination of evaporation induced self‐assembly (EISA) method and simple pyrolysis method. Melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin was used as carbon and nitrogen precursor. CoCl2 and thiourea were utilized as cobalt and sulfur precursors, respectively. The as‐obtained samples possessed mesoporous structure. The optimized sample of MF4.0T6.0 exhibited excellent electrochemical performance towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in wide pH range, which achieved a current density of 10 mA cm‐2 at 163 mV (pH 0), 149 mV (pH 14), and 325 mV (pH 7).
Recent Advances and Perspective on Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Qi , Mei Zongwei , Li Shunning , Luo Wenbin , Pan Feng , Liu Huakun , Dou Shixue 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAmmonia is an essential chemical for agriculture and industry. To date, NH3 is mainly supplied by the traditional Haber–Bosch process, which is operated under high‐temperature and high‐pressure in a centralized way. To achieve ammonia production in an environmentally benign way, electrochemical NH3 synthesis under ambient conditions has become the frontier of energy and chemical conversion schemes, as it can be powered by renewable energy and operates in a decentralized way. The recent progress on developing different strategies for NH3 production, including 1) classic NH3 synthesis pathways over nanomaterials; 2) the Mars‐van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism over metal nitrides (MNx); 3) reducing the nitrate into NH3 over Cu‐based nanomaterial; and 4) metal–N2 battery release of NH3 from LixM. Moreover, the most recent advances in engineering strategies for developing highly active materials and the design of the reaction systems for NH3 synthesis are covered.
Issues and rational design of aqueous electrolyte for Zn‐ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Qi , Yang Zefang , Ji Huimin , Zeng Xiaohui , Tang Yougen , Sun Dan , Wang Haiyan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are regarded as a promising alternative to the widely used lithium‐ion batteries in large‐scale energy storage systems. The researches on the development of novel aqueous electrolyte to improve battery performance have also attracted great interest since the electrolyte is a key component for Zn2+ migration between cathode and anode. Herein, we briefly summarized and illuminated the recent development tendency of aqueous electrolyte for AZIBs, then deeply analyzed its existing issues (water decomposition, cathode dissolution, corrosion and passivation, and dendrite growth) and discussed the corresponding optimization strategies (pH regulation, concentrated salt solution, electrolyte composition design, and functional additives). The internal mechanisms of these strategies were further revealed and the relationships between issues and solutions were clarified, which could guide the future development of aqueous electrolytes for AZIBs.
Fostering Multilingual Children’s Language Development through iPad Apps
Authors: Aldossary Norah , Curwood Jen Scott , Niland Amanda 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article shares a case study of a classroom of multicultural and multilingual children in an early childhood center to explore how iPad apps can support young children in learning English as an additional language. Situated in Sydney, Australia, this study found that iPad apps have the potential to promote 4‐ and 5‐year‐old children's language learning, including their vocabulary development. During the iPad sessions, the children were excited to engage with the app and share their relevant life experiences with their friends and their teacher. In this classroom, the lead teacher believed in the importance of iPad apps to encourage young children's language learning and multimodal meaning making. However, there was a disconnect between her beliefs and her practices, which suggests that targeted professional development could be instrumental in fostering early childhood educators’ ability to scaffold children's English language development with iPad apps.
A low-energy limit of Yang-Mills theory on de Sitter space
Authors: Cork Josh , Kutluk Emine Şeyma , Lechtenfeld Olaf , Popov Alexander D. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We consider Yang-Mills theory with a compact structure group G on four-dimensional de Sitter space dS4. Using conformal invariance, we transform the theory from dS4 to the finite cylinder $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
× S3, where $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
= (−π/2, π/2) and S3 is the round three-sphere. By considering only bundles P → $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
× S3 which are framed over the temporal boundary ∂$$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
× S3, we introduce additional degrees of freedom which restrict gauge transformations to be identity on ∂$$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
× S3. We study the consequences of the framing on the variation of the action, and on the Yang-Mills equations. This allows for an infinite-dimensional moduli space of Yang-Mills vacua on dS4. We show that, in the low-energy limit, when momentum along $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
is much smaller than along S3, the Yang-Mills dynamics in dS4 is approximated by geodesic motion in the infinite-dimensional space $$ \mathcal{M} $$
M
vac of gauge-inequivalent Yang-Mills vacua on S3. Since $$ \mathcal{M} $$
M
vac ≅ C∞(S3, G)/G is a group manifold, the dynamics is expected to be integrable.
NNLO QCD corrections to diphoton production with an additional jet at the LHC
Authors: Chawdhry Herschel A. , Czakon Michał , Mitov Alexander , Poncelet Rene 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We calculate the NNLO QCD corrections to diphoton production with an additional jet at the LHC. Our calculation represents the first NNLO-accurate prediction for the transverse momentum distribution of the diphoton system. The improvement in the accuracy of the theoretical prediction is significant, by a factor of up to four relative to NLO QCD as estimated through scale variations. Our calculation is exact except for the finite remainder of the two-loop amplitude which is included at leading color. The numerical impact of this approximated contribution is small. The results of this work are expected to further our understanding of the Higgs boson sector and of the behavior of higher-order corrections to LHC processes.
Anderson Localization for Electric Quantum Walks and Skew-Shift CMV Matrices
Authors: Cedzich C. , Werner A. H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe consider the spectral and dynamical properties of one-dimensional quantum walks placed into homogenous electric fields according to a discrete version of the minimal coupling principle. We show that for all irrational fields the absolutely continuous spectrum of these systems is empty, and prove Anderson localization for almost all (irrational) fields. This result closes a gap which was left open in the original study of electric quantum walks: a spectral and dynamical characterization of these systems for typical fields. Additionally, we derive an analytic and explicit expression for the Lyapunov exponent of this model. Making use of a connection between quantum walks and CMV matrices our result implies Anderson localization for CMV matrices with a particular choice of skew-shift Verblunsky coefficients as well as for quasi-periodic unitary band matrices.