bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T cells targeted to TdT kill leukemic lymphoblasts while sparing normal lymphocytes
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Giannakopoulou Eirini , Li Yingqian , Lehander Madeleine , Virding Culleton Stina , Yang Weiwen , Knetter Cathrine , Odabasi Mete Can , Bollineni Ravi Chand , Yang Xinbo , Foldvari Zsofia , Böschen Maxi-Lu , Taraldsrud Eli , Strønen Erlend , Toebes Mireille , Hillen Amy , Mazzi Stefania , de Ru Arnoud H. , Janssen George M. C. , Kolstad Arne , Tjønnfjord Geir Erland , Lie Benedicte A. , Griffioen Marieke , Lehmann Sören , Osnes Liv Toril , Buechner Jochen , Garcia K. Christopher , Schumacher Ton N. , van Veelen Peter A. , Leisegang Matthias , Jacobsen Sten Eirik W. , Woll Petter , Olweus Johanna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUnlike chimeric antigen receptors, T-cell receptors (TCRs) can recognize intracellular targets presented on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. Here we demonstrate that T cells expressing TCRs specific for peptides from the intracellular lymphoid-specific enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), presented in the context of HLA-A*02:01, specifically eliminate primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells of T- and B-cell origin in vitro and in three mouse models of disseminated B-ALL. By contrast, the treatment spares normal peripheral T- and B-cell repertoires and normal myeloid cells in vitro, and in vivo in humanized mice. TdT is an attractive cancer target as it is highly and homogeneously expressed in 80–94% of B- and T-ALLs, but only transiently expressed during normal lymphoid differentiation, limiting on-target toxicity of TdT-specific T cells. TCR-modified T cells targeting TdT may be a promising immunotherapy for B-ALL and T-ALL that preserves normal lymphocytes.
Medium levels of transcription and replication related chromosomal instability are associated with poor clinical outcome
Authors: Benhaddou Ataaillah , Gaston Laetitia , Pérot Gaëlle , Desplat Nelly , Leroy Laura , Le Guellec Sophie , Ben Haddou Mohamed , Rochaix Philippe , Valentin Thibaud , Ferron Gwenaël , Chevreau Christine , Bui Binh , Stoeckle Eberhard , Le Cesne Axel , Piperno-Neumann Sophie , Collin Françoise , Firmin Nelly , De Pinieux Gonzague , Coindre Jean-Michel , Blay Jean-Yves , Chibon Frédéric 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGenomic instability (GI) influences treatment efficacy and resistance, and an accurate measure of it is lacking. Current measures of GI are based on counts of specific structural variation (SV) and mutational signatures. Here, we present a holistic approach to measuring GI based on the quantification of the steady-state equilibrium between DNA damage and repair as assessed by the residual breakpoints (BP) remaining after repair, irrespective of SV type. We use the notion of Hscore, a BP “hotspotness” magnitude scale, to measure the propensity of genomic structural or functional DNA elements to break more than expected by chance. We then derived new measures of transcription- and replication-associated GI that we call iTRAC (transcription-associated chromosomal instability index) and iRACIN (replication-associated chromosomal instability index). We show that iTRAC and iRACIN are predictive of metastatic relapse in Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and that they may be combined to form a new classifier called MAGIC (mixed transcription- and replication-associated genomic instability classifier). MAGIC outperforms the gold standards FNCLCC and CINSARC in stratifying metastatic risk in LMS. Furthermore, iTRAC stratifies chemotherapeutic response in LMS. We finally show that this approach is applicable to other cancers.
The effects of somatostatin analogues on liver volume and quality of life in polycystic liver disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Garofalo Carlo , Capuano Ivana , Pennino Luigi , De Gregorio Ilaria , Riccio Eleonora , Provenzano Michele , Crocetto Felice , Buonanno Pasquale , Pandolfo Savio Domenico , Andreucci Michele , Pisani Antonio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA clear evidence on the benefits of somatostatin analogues (SA) on liver outcome in patients affected by polycystic liver disease is still lacking. We performed a meta-analysis of RCTs and a trial sequential analysis (TSA) evaluating the effects of SA in adult patients with polycystic liver disease on change in liver volume. As secondary outcome, we evaluated the effects on quality of life as measured by SF36-questionnaire. Six RCTs were selected with an overall sample size of 332 adult patients with polycystic liver disease (mean age: 46 years). Mean liver volume at baseline was 3289 ml in SA group and 3089 ml in placebo group. Overall, unstandardized mean difference in liver volume was − 176 ml (95%CI, − 406, 54; p < 0.133). Heterogeneity was low (I2:0%, p < 0.992). However, we performed a moderator analysis and we found that a higher eGFR significantly correlates to a more pronounced effect of SA on liver volume reduction (p = 0.036). Cumulative Z-curve in TSA did not reach either significance and futility boundaries or required information size. Three RCTs have evaluated Quality of life parameters measured by SF36-QOL questionnaire for a total of 124 patients; no significant difference was found on the effect of SA on QOL parameters when compared with placebo. The present meta-analysis revealed a potential effect of SA on reduction of liver volume and quality of life parameters, but results did not reach a statistical significance. These data could be explained by the need of further studies, as demonstrated through TSA, to reach an adequate sample size to confirm the beneficial outcomes of SAs treatment.
A monoclinic semiorganic molecular crystal GUHP for terahertz photonics and optoelectronics
Authors: Sinko Anton , Solyankin Peter , Kargovsky Aleksey , Manomenova Vera , Rudneva Elena , Kozlova Natalia , Sorokina Natalia , Minakov Fedor , Kuznetsov Sergei , Nikolaev Nazar , Surovtsev Nikolay , Ozheredov Ilya , Voloshin Alexey , Shkurinov Alexander 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper we describe the properties of the crystal of guanylurea hydrogen phosphite (NH$$_2$$

2

)$$_2$$

2

CNHCO(NH$$_2$$

2

)H$$_2$$

2

PO$$_3$$

3

(GUHP) and propose its application in terahertz photonics and optoelectronics. GUHP crystal has a wide window of transparency and a high optical threshold in the visible and NIR spectral regions and narrow absorption bands in the terahertz frequency range. The spectral characteristics of absorption and refraction in the THz range were found to be strongly dependent on crystal temperature and orientation. Computer simulations made it possible to link the nature of the resonant response of the medium at THz frequencies with the molecular structure of the crystal, in particular, with intermolecular hydrogen bonds and the layered structure of the lattice. The possibility of application of the crystal under study for the conversion of femtosecond laser radiation from visible an NIR to terahertz range was demonstrated. It was shown that dispersion properties of the crystal allow the generation of narrow band terahertz radiation, whose spectral properties are determined by conditions close to phase matching. The properties of the generated terahertz radiation under various temperatures suggest the possibility of phonon mechanism of enhancement for nonlinear susceptibility of the second order.
Effect of laser-induced ultrasound treatment on material structure in laser surface treatment for selective laser melting applications
Authors: Ivanov Ivan A. , Dub Vladimir S. , Karabutov Alexander A. , Cherepetskaya Elena B. , Bychkov Anton S. , Kudinov Igor A. , Gapeev Artem A. , Krivilyov Mikhail D. , Simakov Nikolay N. , Gruzd Svetlana A. , Lomaev Stepan L. , Dremov Vladimir V. , Chirkov Pavel V. , Kichigin Roman M. , Karavaev Alexey V. , Anufriev Maxim Yu. , Kuper Konstantin E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA new mechanism for controlling the microstructure of products in manufacturing processes based on selective laser melting is proposed. The mechanism relies on generation of high-intensity ultrasonic waves in the melt pool by complex intensity-modulated laser irradiation. The experimental study and numerical modeling suggest that this control mechanism is technically feasible and can be effectively integrated into the design of modern selective laser melting machines.
Optically-manipulated multiaddressable all-ESIPT fluorescence nanomicelles prepared using a single fluorophore
Authors: Qin Tianyou , Han Jiaqi , Sheng Lan , Liang Xiao , Li Quanshun , Zhang Sean Xiao-An 
Published: December 2021

High-performance optically-manipulated multiaddressable all-ESIPT fluorescence nanomicelles were successfully prepared from a single photoswitchable ESIPT fluorophore directly regulating fluorescence switching by photoisomerization.
Injury prediction algorithm for rear‐seat occupants in advanced automatic crash notification systems
Authors: Lu Ying , Liu Yufa , Shu Yu , Yin Yuezhou 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAn advanced automatic crash notification (AACN) system can predict the injuries of a vehicle's occupants when the vehicle is involved in a collision accident. The rear‐seat occupants are at significant risk in collision accidents owing to an inferior protection system and the absence of mandatory seat belt laws. However, only a few studies have focused on the injury prediction for rear‐seat occupants, which can be used in AACN system. Therefore, an injury prediction algorithm is proposed for rear‐seat occupants. Initially, a rear‐seat occupant simulation model is established and verified and the relationship between the head, neck, and chest injury levels and velocity variation is examined. Then, a rear‐seat occupant injury prediction algorithm is developed and AACN terminal is constructed to analyse the effects of the algorithm. The comparison of the obtained results with actual accident data validated that the proposed algorithm can effectively evaluate the injury levels of rear‐seat occupants. The study findings can enhance the prediction accuracy of all occupants’ injury levels based on their positions inside the vehicle and improve the efficiency of rescue operations, particularly in the case of rear‐seat occupants.
Negative controlled Fredkin gate circuits with mirrors
Authors: Chattopadhyay Tanay 
Published: December 2021

AbstractData loss is a major problem in conventional circuits. But it cannot happen in reversible circuits. So energy dissipation per bit loss does not happen in this circuit. Also, recovery of input data can be possible in this circuit. Negative controlled Fredkin gate (NCF) is a self‐invertible reversible gate. It performs SWAP operation if its control input is logic zero. In this paper, a mechanically controlled mirror‐based NCF gate is designed, where the operation is based on the movement of mirrors. To move the mirror from its position electrical signal can be used. Optical signals are used in computational operations. Some complex reversible circuits viz. some logical operations (XOR‐XNOR, AND‐NAND, OR‐NOR), DE‐MUX/MUX, switching, and data shifting circuits are also shown in this paper. Quantum realization of the circuit was performed. Also, the matrix calculation was done to find out the operation of the circuit. Optical delay, optical cost, quantum delay, and quantum cost of every proposed design were calculated.
Onkologische Thoraxchirurgie während der COVID-19-Pandemie: eine
Fallkontrollstudie zum Risiko für postoperative Komplikationen
Authors: Hassan Mohamed , Le Uyen-Thao , Grapatsas Konstantinos , Passlick Bernward , Schmid Severin 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die COVID-19-Pandemie hatte, neben der offensichtlichen
Bedeutung als eigenständige Erkrankung, einen schwerwiegenden Einfluss auf alle
Aspekte der medizinischen Versorgung. In der onkologischen Chirurgie mussten
Operationen verschoben werden oder es kam zu verzögerten Diagnosen onkologischer
Erkrankungen, was neben der Sorge um unzureichende Ressourcen auch in der
Unsicherheit bezüglich der perioperativen Risiken begründet lag. In dieser
Studie untersuchen wir die Sicherheit der Durchführung onkologischer
thoraxchirurgischer Eingriffe während der COVID-19-Pandemie.
Patienten und Methoden Es wurden retrospektiv die Ergebnisse der
thoraxchirurgischen Operationen bei onkologischen Patienten am
Universitätsklinikum Freiburg während der 1., 2. und 3. Welle der
COVID-19-Pandemie (vom 01.01. bis 30.04.2020 sowie vom 01.01. bis 30.04.2021)
untersucht. Als Kontrollgruppe wurden die im gleichen Zeitraum vor der Pandemie
(2018 und 2019) durchgeführten Operationen gewählt. Der primäre Endpunkt war das
Auftreten postoperativer Komplikationen.
Ergebnisse 236 Operationen in der Pandemiekohorte und 227 Operationen in
der Kontrollkohorte wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Es gab keinen
Unterschied in der Inzidenzrate von postoperativen Minor-Komplikationen (16,1%
vs. 18,5%, p = 0,5395) oder Major-Komplikationen (12,2% vs. 10,13%, p = 0,5563)
zwischen der Pandemiekohorte und der Kontrollkohorte. Es zeigte sich kein
erhöhtes Risiko für postoperative pulmonale Komplikationen in der
Pandemiekohorte (Odds Ratio = 1,193, 95%-KI= 0,6515–2,203, p = 0,8232). Eine
COVID-19-Infektion nach der Operation trat bei 5 Patienten der Pandemiekohorte
auf (2,29%). Die postoperative Motilität innerhalb von 30 Tagen waren
vergleichbar zwischen der Pandemiekohorte und der Kontrollkohorte (2 (0,85%) vs.
1 (0,44%), p > 0,9999). Es gab keine COVID-19-infektionsbedingte
Mortalität.
Schlussfolgerung Die Durchführung von onkologischen thoraxchirurgischen
Operationen während der COVID-19-Pandemie ist, unter Einhaltung der
entsprechenden Sicherheitsmaßnahmen, sicher und weder mit einer erhöhten
Komplikationsrate noch einer erhöhten Mortalität verbunden.
Foundations of the Age-Area Hypothesis
Authors: Baker Matthew J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA useful tool in understanding the roots of the world geography of culture is the Age-Area-Hypothesis. The Age-Area Hypothesis (AAH) asserts that the point of geographical origin of a group of related cultures is most likely where the culture speaking the most divergent language is located. In spite of its widespread, multidisciplinary application, the hypothesis remains imprecisely stated, and has no theoretical underpinnings. This paper describes a model of the AAH based on an economic theory of mass migrations. The theory leads to a family of measures of cultural divergence, which can be referred to as Dyen divergence measures. One measure is used to develop an Age-Area Theorem, which links linguistic divergence and likelihood of geographical origin. The theory allows for computation of the likelihood different locations are origin points for a group of related cultures, and can be applied recursively to yield probabilities of different historical migratory paths. The theory yields an Occam’s-razor-like result: migratory paths that are the simplest are also the most likely; a key principle of the AAH. The paper concludes with an application to the geographical origins of the peoples speaking Semitic languages.
Reconsidering the influence of the mass flux during nucleate flow boiling in a horizontal heated pipe
Authors: Paul Subhanker , Paul Suparna , Fernandino Maria , Dorao Carlos Alberto 
Published: December 2021

The heat transfer rate during nucleate flow boiling conditions inside a horizontal heated pipe is assumed to increase with the heat flux until the boiling crisis while being independent of the mass flux. Contrary to this, we present experimental observations of a heat transfer deteriorated regime prior to the occurrence of the boiling crisis. We show that in this regime, the heat transfer coefficient becomes independent of the heat flux, and experimentally, we identify the limits of this boiling regime that elucidate how the near-wall interaction of the bubbles can hinder the heat transfer process. Furthermore, we show that in order to avoid this heat transfer deteriorated regime, the mass flux needs to exceed a threshold value, which drastically reduces as the working pressure decreases. This fact offers useful insights on how to design thermal management systems, and it is more important that the role of the mass flux during nucleate flow boiling needs to be reconsidered.
Insights into lithium manganese oxide–water interfaces using machine learning potentials
Authors: Eckhoff Marco , Behler Jörg 
Published: December 2021

Unraveling the atomistic and the electronic structure of solid–liquid interfaces is the key to the design of new materials for many important applications, from heterogeneous catalysis to battery technology. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations can, in principle, provide a reliable description of such interfaces, but the high computational costs severely restrict the accessible time and length scales. Here, we report machine learning-driven simulations of various interfaces between water and lithium manganese oxide (LixMn2O4), an important electrode material in lithium ion batteries and a catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction. We employ a high-dimensional neural network potential to compute the energies and forces several orders of magnitude faster than DFT without loss in accuracy. In addition, a high-dimensional neural network for spin prediction is utilized to analyze the electronic structure of the manganese ions. Combining these methods, a series of interfaces is investigated by large-scale molecular dynamics. The simulations allow us to gain insights into a variety of properties, such as the dissociation of water molecules, proton transfer processes, and hydrogen bonds, as well as the geometric and electronic structure of the solid surfaces, including the manganese oxidation state distribution, Jahn–Teller distortions, and electron hopping.
Non-covalent anion structures in dissociative electron attachment to some brominated biphenyls
Authors: Asfandiarov N. L. , Muftakhov M. V. , Pshenichnyuk S. A. , Rakhmeev R. G. , Safronov A. M. , Markova A. V. , Vorob’ev A. S. , Luxford T. F. M. , Kočišek J. , Fedor J. 
Published: December 2021

The present work combines experiment and theory to reveal the behavior of bromo-substituted-biphenyls after an electron attachment. We experimentally determine anion lifetimes using an electron attachment–magnetic sector mass spectrometer instrument. Branching ratios of dissociative electron attachment fragments on longer timescales are determined using the electron attachment–quadrupole mass spectrometer instrument. In all cases, fragmentation is low: Only the Br− and [M–Br]− ions are detected, and [M–H]− is observed only in the case of 4-Br-biphenyl and parent anion lifetimes as long as 165 µs are observed. Such lifetimes are contradictory to the dissociation rates of 2- and 4-bromobiphenyl, as measured by the pulse radiolysis method to be 3.2 × 1010 and &gt;5 × 1010 s−1, respectively. The discrepancy is plausibly explained by our calculation of the potential energy surface of the dissociating anion. Isolated in vacuum, the bromide anion can orbit the polarized aromatic radical at a long distance. A series of local minima on the potential energy surface allows for a roaming mechanism prolonging the detection time of such weakly bound complex anions. The present results illuminate the behavior recently observed in a series of bromo-substituted compounds of biological as well as technological relevance.
Feeding ecology of juvenile Pacific bluefin tuna
Authors: Sato Takuya , Nakamura Ken-ichi , Nishimoto Atsushi , Tawa Atsushi , Kodama Taketoshi , Suzuki Nobuaki , Ashida Hiroshi , Tanaka Hiroshige 
Published: December 2021

The feeding ecology of juvenile Pacific bluefin tuna (PBF) Thunnus orientalis in the Sea of Japan was examined to better understand the survival process before fishery recruitment. Stomach content analysis showed that the main prey items were fish, especially Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus, cephalopods, mainly small squid Enoploteuthis chunii, and copepods. In addition, although both fish prey and cephalopods were important for large juveniles (100–300-mm fork length, FL), the stomach contents of small juveniles (40–99 mm FL) mainly included fish prey. The strong possibility of cannibalism was also suggested, although its contribution to total food consumption was limited. The size of fish prey increased significantly with the FL of PBF. Nitrogen isotope ratios (i.e. δ15N) also increased with increasing FL (12–227 mm), suggesting that the trophic level increases rapidly during the juvenile stage because of the active feeding on fish by PBF. Such feeding habits, especially feeding on fish, would be essential to achieve a high growth rate and would therefore be associated with the survival of juvenile PBF before recruitment in the Sea of Japan. In addition, PBF exhibited a decrease in stomach fullness during the night-time, and their estimated gastric evacuation rate was 0.36 h–1.
Chapter 3 Extra-galactic gamma-ray sources *
Authors: Wang Xiang-Yu , Bi Xiao-Jun , Cao Zhen , Vallania Piero , Wu Han-Rong , Yan Da-Hai , Yuan Qiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Extra-galactic gamma-ray sources, such as gamma-ray bursts, active galactic nuclei, starburst galaxies, are interesting and important targets for LHAASO observations. In this chapter, the prospects of detecting these sources with LHAASO and their physical implications are studied. The upgrade plan for the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA), which aims to enhance the detectability of relatively lower energy photons, is also presented. In addition, a study on constraining the extragalactic background light with LHAASO observation of blazars is presented.