bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trimetazidine Topical Delivery Prevents Carrageenan Induced Retinal Damage and Glucose Induced Lens Opacification by Decreasing Drop of Protein Level
Authors: Swain Rakesh , Nandi Souvik , Sahoo Rudra Narayan , Mohapatra Sujata , Mallick Subrata 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Carrageenan induced oxidative stress develops retinal damage and increases lipid peroxidation. Glycation of the lens proteins increases modified proteins and may affect the lens structural integrity and opacification, after increasing glucose concentration in the lens. Trimetazidine (TZ) has been reported to have cytoprotective anti-ischaemic activity after systemic administration in an animal model. Trimetazidine ophthalmic film formulation has been prepared using HPMC as the hydrogel-forming polymer. The cytoprotective role of trimetazidine has been studied on carrageenan-induced retinal damage of rat eye by histologicaland Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay applying sterilized film formulation. Trimetazidine solution was used in combination with a high concentration of glucose solution (55 mM) for examining the protective effect from cataract formation. Formulation showed controlled and extended ophthalmic permeation of the drug for about 5 h. Damage of retinal cells in the ganglionic layer has been decreased significantly in the trimetazidinetreated group. Drug treated control group also showed significant disappearance of pyknotic cells. The addition of trimetazidine to the glucose medium practically retarded the lens opacification by reducing the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in increased sugar concentration. Presence of trimetazidine probably decreased the drop of protein level in lens under stressed condition and greater preventive effect has been noticed with TZ concentration of 240 µg/ml rather than 120 µg/ml. Trimetazidine ophthalmic film formulation could prevent retinal damage and cataract formation.
Compressive Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polypropylene Composites Under High Strain Rate: Insights From Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Mishra Brijesh , Sharma Sumit 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), these have received a lot of attention because of their unusual mechanical electrical properties. Strain rate is one of the key factors that play a vital role in enhancing the mechanical properties of nanocomposites. In this study, (4, 4) armchair single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was employed with the polymer matrix as polypropylene (PP). The influence of compressive strain rate on SWCNT/PP nanocomposites was evaluated using MD simulations, and mechanical properties have been predicted. Stone-Wales (SW) and vacancy defects, were integrated on the SWCNT. The maximum Young’s modulus (E) of 81.501 GPa was found for the pristine SWCNT/PP composite for a strain rate of 1010 s-1. The least value of E was 45.073GPa for 6% SW defective/PP composite for a strain rate of 108 s-1. While the 6% vacancy defective CNT/PP composite showed the lowest value of E as 39.57GPa for strain rate 108 s-1. It was found that the mechanical properties of SWCNT/PP nanocomposites decrease with the increase in percent defect. It was also seen that the mechanical properties were enhanced with the increment in the applied strain rate. The results obtained from this study could be useful for the researchers designing PP-based materials for compression loading to be used for biomedical applications.
Mycoremediation of the Azo dye Acid Red 14 by Wickerhamomyces Anomalus: Physicochemical Characterization, Equilibrium, and Kinetics Studies
Authors: Danouche Mohammed , Arroussi Hicham El , Ghachtouli Naima El 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the potential application, and the involved mechanism in the biosorption of Acid Red14 (AR14) by the biomass of Wickerhamomyces anomalus. Kinetics and biosorption isotherms were first examined. Then, the physicochemical characterization of cells-AR14 interactions was determined using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, zero-point charge, and contact angle measurements. Finally, the Plackett-Burman and the Box-Behnken designs were used respectively to identify the most influential factors on the biosorption process and their optimization. The pseudo-second-order and the intra-particle diffusion models best fit the experimental data. Furthermore, the Langmuir model was the appropriate isotherm to explain the biosorption system, suggesting the involvement of chemisorption on a monolayer of homogeneous sites. Biomass characterizations supported these theoretical predictions. A change in the transmittance of the functional groups present was noticed after AR14-biosorption, the analysis of the zeta potential confirms the presence of anionic groups, and the contact angle measurement indicates a significant variation of the electron donor and acceptor character. Hence, it can be concluded that both chemical and electrostatic interactions of AR14 onto the macromolecular structures composing the cell surface. The most influential factors on biosorption efficiency were dye and biomass concentration, and the pH of the medium. Optimal biosorption was achieved at pH 3-4, with AR14 concentrations around 50 - 75 mg L-1 and a biomass concentration at 1.25 g L-1. These results suggest that W. anomalus might be exploited as an effective, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly biosorbent.
Signals of Climate Change and Spatio-temporal Analysis of Climate Extremes in the Homogeneous Climatic Zones of Pakistan During 1962-2019
Authors: Khan Firdos , Ali Shaukat , Mayer Christoph , Ullah Hamd , Muhammad Sher 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study investigates contemporary climate change and spatio-temporal analysis of climate extremes in Pakistan (divided into five homogenous climate zones) using observed data, categorized between 1962–1990 and 1991–2019. The results show that on the average, the changes in temperature and precipitation are significant at 5 % significance level throughout Pakistan in most of the seasons. The spatio-temporal trend analysis of consecutive dry days (CDD) shows an increasing trend during 1991–2019 except in zone 4 indicating throughout decreasing trend. PRCPTOT (annual total wet-day precipitation), R10 (number of heavy precipitation days), R20 (number of very heavy precipitation days) and R25mm (extremely heavy precipitation days) are significantly decreasing (increasing) during 1962–1990 (1991–2019) in North Pakistan. Summer days (SU25) increased across the country, except in zone 4 with a decrease. TX10p (Cool days) decreased across the country except an increase in zone 1 and zone 2 during 1962–1990. TX90p (Warm days) has an increasing trend during 1991–2019 except zone 5 and decreasing trend during 1962–1990 except zone 2 and 5. The Mann-Kendal test indicates increasing precipitation (DJF) and decreasing maximum and minimum temperature (JJA) in the Karakoram region during 1962–1990. The decadal analysis suggests decreasing precipitation during 1991–2019 and increasing temperature (maximum and minimum) during 2010–2019 which is in line with the recently confirmed slight mass loss of glaciers against Karakoram Anomaly.
How Circulating Cancer Cells Disguise: the Role of Platelets
Authors: Schott Dorothea Sonja , Pizon Monika , Schill Erika , Pachmann Katharina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Solid tumors are notorious for their ability to form lethal metastases, sometimes several decades following initial cancer diagnosis. Development of distant metastases is a result of the primary tumor shedding cells that travel via lymphatics and the blood to distant sites where they can form metastases. Platelets are known to specifically enhance tumor cells’ survival in the bloodstream by as yet poorly understood mechanisms. To study the interplay of platelets with circulating tumor cells, we implemented our published approach to label both circulating epithelial tumor cells and platelets. Blood samples were collected avoiding fixation from patients with non-metastatic cancer diagnoses and processed at 4 time points following blood collection. Circulating epithelial tumor cells were undetectable directly after blood collection but became visible after overnight storage at room temperature presumably due to release of platelets from the tumor cells. Our results suggest that platelets play a key role in masking circulating tumor cells. Masking may explain the difficulties in detection of these cells and prevention of their elimination by the immune system. Our unmasking approach detects sufficient numbers of circulating tumor cells to monitor the effect on blood tumor cells of different therapeutic measures, thus contributing to improved systemic therapies for cancer.
A three lncRNA set: AC009975.1, POTEH-AS1 and AL390243.1 as nodal efficacy biomarker of neoadjuvant therapy for HER-2 positive breast cancer
Authors: Bi Zhao , Zhang Yue , Song Xing-Guo , Chen Peng , Qiu Peng-Fei , Xie Li , Wang Yong-Sheng , Song Xian-Rang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose
LncRNAs have been found to play regulatory role in the chemoresistance after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) of breast cancers. The breast pathological complete response (pCR) was different from the axillary nodal pCR (apCR) after NAT. And this difference was most significant in HER-2 positive (HER2+) subtype. The aim was to explore whether lncRNA expression in primary tumor had nodal predicting value for HER2 + breast cancer who received NAT.
Methods
Total RNA was extracted from 103 HER2 + breast cancer tissues before NAT, as well as from 48 pairs of cancers and para-cancers tissues which did not receive NAT. LncRNAs were selected by microarray, validated by qPCR, and analyzed combined with related clinical factors to illuminate its potential as nodal efficacy biomarkers of NAT.
Results
Our results demonstrated that three lncRNA set: lncRNA- AL390243.1, POTEH-AS1, and lncRNA-AC009975.1 were significantly up-regulated in non-apCR tissues, the AUC value was 0.789 (95%CI: 0.703–0.876). Combined with clinical factors and genomics, the multivariate analysis showed that the expression of lncRNA-AL390243.1 (OR 5.143; 95% CI: 1.570-16.847), tumor type (OR 0.144; 95% CI: 0.024–0.855) and nodal stage (OR 0.507; 95% CI: 0.289–0.888) were indicated as independent predictors for apCR after NAT in HER2 + patients (all p < 0.05). These three predictors were used to create a predictive nomogram. The AUC value was 0.859 (95%CI: 0.790–0.929). The calibration curve showed a satisfactory fit between predictive and actual observation based on internal validation with a bootstrap resampling frequency of 1000. Patients with higher level of lncRNA-AL390243.1 expression had a worse survival, especially in disease-free survival. The expression of lncRNA-AL390243.1 was significantly higher in nodal positive subgroup than in nodal negative subgroup (p = 0.0271).
Conclusion
The expression of LncRNA-AC009975.1, POTEH-AS1, and lncRNA-AL390243.1 were upregulated in non-apCR tissues and acted as a new potential biomarker for the nodal efficacy prediction of NAT.
Comparative Safety of Multiple Doses of Erythropoietin for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zheng Qingyong , Duan Dan , Xu Jianguo , Wang Xing , Ge Yonggui , Luo Xiaofeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Although many studies have shown that erythropoietin plays an important role in the prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, the effective dose of erythropoietin has not been clearly defined. Our aim was to systematically elucidate the safety and efficacy of erythropoietin administration regimens in TBI patients.Methods: Data search included PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and ClinicalTrials.gov for articles published before December, 2020, updated to June 2021. Network meta-analysis was performed when sufficient comparable evidence was available, and CINeMA tool was used to evaluated the quality of our evidence.Results: A total of 6 RCTs involving 981 patients were included in the network meta-analysis. All studies assessed the effect of erythropoietin on mortality. Erythropoietin reduced the mortality rate in patients with TBI, and the risk of death decreased with increasing dose, but the difference was not statistically significant (odd ratio of 12,000u vs Placebo=0.98, 95%CI, 0.03-40.34; odd ratio of group 30,000u vs Placebo=0.56, 95%CI, 0.06-5.88; odd ratio of 40,000u vs Placebo=0.35, 95%CI, 0.01-9.43; odd ratio of 70,000u vs Placebo=0.29, 95%CI, 0.01-9.26; odd ratio of group 80,000u vs Placebo=0.22, 95%CI, 0.00-7.45). Three studies involving 739 patients showed that erythropoietin did not increase the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in patients with TBI. However, the risk tended to rise as the dose increases. Two studies demonstrated that erythropoietin did not increase the incidence of pulmonary embolism. The evidential quality of all the results of the evidence ranged from low to medium.Conclusion: Although the efficacy of erythropoietin was not statistically demonstrated, we found a trend in the association of erythropoietin dose with reduced mortality and increased embolic events in TBI patients. We are looking forward to more high-quality original studies focusing on the dose and timing of erythropoietin for the treatment of TBI, in order to obtain stronger evidence on the optimal erythropoietin dose.Study Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42021272500).
Optimizing Phosphorus Application Rate and the Mixed Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Phosphate-solubilizing Bacteria Can Improve the Phosphatase Activity and Organic Acid Content in Alfalfa Soil
Authors: Xiaoxia An , Liu Junying , Liu Xuanshuai , Ma Chunhui , Zhang Qianbing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important high-quality legume forage, and phosphorus is an important nutrient element for high-quality and high-yield of alfalfa. This study assessed the effects bacteria and phosphorus (P) use efficiency of alfalfa soil under different P applications. In this experiment, a two-factor complete randomized block design was used. Four bacterial treatments were as follows: Funneliformis mosseae (Fm), Bacillus megaterium (Bm), double inoculation (Fm × Bm) and no inoculation bacteria (CK). There are four levels of phosphorus treatment, namely: phosphorus application 0 (P0), 50 (P1), 100 (P2), 150 mgkg-1 (P3). There were 16 treatments in total, and each treatment was repeated 6 times. The results showed that the effects of single inoculation and mixed inoculation were significantly higher than those of noninoculation (P < 0.05). With the increase in phosphorus application, each index increased first and then decreased. The alkaline phosphatase activity (AKP) and organic matter (SOM) content in soi lincreased with the increase of cutting times, and the content of organic matter in rhizosphere soil was higher than that in non-rhizosphere soil. Principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the top three treatments were J3P2 > J3P1 > J3P3. Therefore, when (P2O5) was 100 mgkg-1, the mixed inoculation of Fm × Bm could improve the phosphatase activity in alfalfa soil, promote the secretion of organic acids in rhizosphere soil and then improve the content of soil fertility.
Three Autophagy-Related lncRNA are Prognostic Biomarkers for Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Haoyue , Wang Xiangpu , Feng Zhien , Chen Renji , Han Zhengxue 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Currently, no systematic analysis has been conducted to assess the potential of multiple autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) to predict the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). we investigated the prognostic potential of autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in HNSCC patients. Methods: Patient information and Autophagy-associated genes were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Human Autophagy data resource. Autophagy-related lncRNAs were determined through Lasso and Cox regression analyses. Then, on the basis of autophagy- related lncRNAs, a risk score and a nomogram were constructed for estimation of prognostic outcomes for HNSCC patients. These models were verified internally using the TCGA and. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used for gene functional analyses. Results: Three autophagy-related lncRNAs (AC002401.4, AC245041.2 and TMEM44-AS1) that are associated with HNSCC were identified. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that the risk score is an independent prognostic indicator (p ≤ 0.001), with its ability to predict prognosis being higher than that of other clinicopathological indicators (AUC=0.732). Concordance index of the nomogram was 0.712, and AUC values for one-year, three-year and five-year survival rates were 0.730, 0.745 and 0.728, respectively. Internal verifications revealed that this nomogram had a good ability to predict prognosis. Functional analysis showed that the genes were mostly enriched in autophagy and tumor-related cascades. Conclusion: The autophagy-related lncRNAs model can predict the prognosis of patients with HNSCC.Trial registration: Prospective, Observational, Real-world Oral Malignant Tumors Study (POROMS), NCT02395367. Registered 23 March 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02395367
Safety and feasibility of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery in the management of giant ovarian cysts
Authors: Chang Shuzhen , Zhang Wei , Peng Linyv , Zhou Haiyan , Li-ping HAN 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective

To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) in the treatment of giant ovarian cysts.
Methods

A total of 76 patients with giant ovarian cyst (diameter ≥ 10 cm) who received surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2018 to May 2021 were divided into experimental cohort (single-port laparoscopic cohort) (n = 30) and control cohort (traditional laparoscopic cohort) (n = 46).The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative cyst fluid spillage rate, application of postoperative analgesic drugs, postoperative first anus exhaust time, incidence rate of perioperative complications, length of postoperative hospital stay and other clinical indicators were summarized and analyzed between the two cohorts.
Results

The LESS cohorts had an earlier onset of age[ (27.6 ± 8.4) ,years of age], shorter of operation time [(82.2 ± 16.0)min], less of intraoperative blood loss [( 17.5 (10-22.5) ml)] as compared with traditional laparoscopic cohort[ (40.9 ± 15.5 )years of age, (102.7 ± 26.2)min, (20 (18.7–35) )m,P ༜ 0.05]. The first postoperative exhaust time,the rate of postoperative analgesic drugs, incidence rate of perioperative complications and postoperative hospital stay in two cohorts were in the similar line.
Conclusion

After adequate evaluation and screening of patients, the size of ovarian cysts cannot be the reason for refusing LESS surgery. It is safe and feasible for clinical promotion in the management of giant ovarian cysts.
Comparison of Serum MOTS-c Levels in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy Controls
Authors: Tekin Selma , Bir Levent Sinan , Avci Esin , Senol Hande , Tekin Işık , Cinkir Ufuk 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a major global problem as its pathogenesis is understood more clearly, therapeutic options expand accordingly. Mitochondrial open-reading-frame of the twelve S rRNA–c (MOTS-c) is a novel mitochondria-derived protein acting on metabolic homeostasis.
Objective

The main objectives of this report are giving an idea of the role of serum MOTS-c in the pathophysiology of the disease in MS patients, investigating whether the mechanism of MOTS-c.
Methods

Forty-three patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS and 41 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. MOTS-c, fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, lipid panel, and body-mass index were assessed.
Results

The patients’ MOTS-c levels remained significantly lower than the controls, while their fasting blood glucose and HOMA-IR values were higher. Our multivariate logistic regression analysis established that increased MOTS-c levels could be a protective factor from the development of MS disease. The area under the ROC curve for MOTS-c was calculated as 0.782 (95% CI: 0.684–0.879, p = 0.0001).
Conclusions

Our study is the first to scrutinize MOTS-c levels in MS patients. We tried to provide clinical evidence that MOTS-c could act as a highly discriminative biomarker between MS patients and controls and hold great promise for new therapeutic options.
Research on Trade Data Encryption of Tobacco Enterprises Based on Adversarial Neural Network
Authors: Yi Zhang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In order to overcome the problems of long encryption process, low data security and poor anti attack rate of traditional tobacco enterprise trade data encryption methods, a trade data encryption of tobacco enterprises based on adversarial neural network is proposed. This method optimizes the traditional neural network by generating countermeasure network, so as to form adversarial neural network. In the adversarial neural network, the encryption processing of tobacco enterprise trade data is completed through data feature classification, design of tobacco enterprise trade data encryption protocol and data encryption channel. The experimental results show that the encryption process of this method takes between 6s-20s, and the encryption efficiency is high, and this method can effectively scramble the original arrangement of the data, so as to effectively hide the effective information in the tobacco enterprise trade data, improve the anti attack rate of the data, and effectively improve the security of the data.