bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new arthroscopic repair technique for triangular fibrocartilage complex using an intracapsular suture: an outside-in transfer, all-inside repair
Authors: Zhao Jiasong , Gong Min , Bao Dingsu , Lin Yanming , Qiu Heng , Li Lang , Huang Yong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Arthroscopic repair is a promising, minimally invasive surgical technique for patients with Palmer type 1B peripheral triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears. Although several arthroscopic techniques are effective for repairing Palmer type 1B TFCC tears, some shortcomings remain; thus, better methods are necessary.
Methods

We performed an arthroscopic intracapsular suture using an outside-in transfer, all-inside repair technique, which is a modified method of the outside-in and all-inside technique using the needle of a 10-mL sterile syringe, for Palmer type 1B TFCC tears. A No. 2 polydioxanone suture was threaded through the needle and entered the wrist joint. Next, the needle was withdrawn carefully along the suture to the proximal tear ulnar surface of the TFCC and penetrated the TFCC, exiting the articular cavity surface of the ulnar side of the torn TFCC. Finally, arthroscopic knotting was performed.
Results

This new technique was used to treat 17 patients with Palmer type 1B Atzei class 1 TFCC tears. The treatment was as effective as the previously described arthroscopic techniques and had advantages of no additional incision and decreased risk of operation-related complications.
Conclusions

The outside-in transfer, all-inside repair is a simple, safe, minimally invasive, and economical procedure that confers a lower risk of complications for Palmer type 1B TFCC tears. We recommend this technique as a useful alternative to the conventional methods of repairing Palmer type 1B TFCC tears.
Machine Learning Approaches for Predicting Geometric and Mechanical Characteristics for Single P420 Laser Beads Clad onto an AISI 1018 Substrate
Authors: Mohajernia Bita , Mirazimzadeh Seyedeh Elnaz , Pasha Alireza , Urbanic Ruth Jill 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
For effective bead deposition based additive manufacturing (AM) processes such as directed energy deposition, the final mechanical and physical properties should be predicted in tandem with the bead geometry characteristics. Experimental approaches to investigate the final geometry and the mechanical properties are costly, and simulation solutions are time-consuming. Alternative artificial intelligent (AI) systems are explored as they are a powerful approach to predict such properties. In the present study, the geometrical properties, as well as the mechanical properties (residual stress and hardness) for single bead clads are investigated. Experimental data is used to calibrate multi-physics finite element models, and both data sets are used to seed the AI models. The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and a feed-forward back-propagation artificial neural network (ANN) system are utilized to explore their effectiveness in the 1D (discrete values), 2D (cross sections), and 3D (complete bead) domains. The prediction results are evaluated using the mean relative error measure. The ANFIS predictions are more precise than those from the ANN for the 1D and 2D domains, but the ANN had less error for the 3D scenario. These models are capable of predicting the geometrical and the mechanical properties values very well, including capturing the mechanical properties in transient regions; however, this research should be extended for multi- bead scenarios before a conclusive ‘best approach’ strategy can be determined.
IBPC: An Approach for Mitigation of Cache Pollution Attack in NDN using Interface-Based Popularity
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Srivast Shashank 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The performance of Named Data Networking (NDN) depends on the caching efficiency of routers. Cache Pollution Attack (CPA) refers to colonization of unpopular contents in the Content Store (CS) of an NDN router, which leads to declined Quality of Service (QoS) in NDN. CPA has very few solutions proposed for its mitigation. Most of these solutions are based on the statistics of the router itself. However, an attacker can influence these statistics by requesting unpopular contents repeatedly. This article proposes a new parameter for the detection of CPA, which is based on the number of distinct users requesting interest packets for a content over a period of time. The local popularity of the attackers’ content does not affect the proposed approach. Results show that the proposed approach consumes less storage, reduces processing time, and more effectively mitigates the CPA, as compared to the other existing approaches.
Extract of Tagetes Erecta Could Be Used as a Potential Drug Candidate Against Cancer: A Study on the Anticancer Efficacy of Medicinal Plants Involving in Vitro and in Vivo Approach
Authors: Barhoi Dharmeswar , Upadhaya Puja , Barbhuiya Sweety Nath , Giri Anirudha , Giri Sarbani 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Globally, the burden of cancer is increasing consistently. Modern cancer therapies include lots of toxicity in the non-targeted organs reducing the life expectancy of the patients. Therefore, the development of safer alternative medicines with less toxicity and high efficacy is of immense importance. The present study was designed to evaluate the anticancer activity of a medicinal plant, “Tagetes erecta” (TE), in established cancer cell lines in vitro and in animal models in vivo. GC-MS analysis was performed that revealed hexadecanoic acid, Linolenic acid, Quinic acid, 2,3- dihydrobenzofuran (Coumaran), and β-stigmasterol as major bioactive compounds in TE leaves. Aqueous extract of Tagetes erecta (AETE) treatment potentially reduced the tumor weight (TW) and tumor volume (TV) and increased the life span in EAC-induced tumor-bearing Swiss albino mice. Side effect analysis confirmed the lack of toxicity of AETE to non-targeted organs in normal Swiss albino mice. Studies in cancer cell lines indicated dose and time-dependent cytotoxicity in Human laryngeal carcinoma (HEp-2) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. Flow cytometric analysis established significant induction of apoptosis in EAC cells without arresting the cell cycle. In addition, AETE treatment led to a significant increase in cells with depolarised mitochondrial membrane potential. The present study indicated that AETE potentially inhibits tumor progression without disturbing normal body physiology. Thus, we conclude that AETE can be used as a potential therapeutic agent against cancer.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Associated Public Health Response on People with Eating Disorder Symptomatology: A National Australian Study
Authors: Miskovic-Wheatley Jane , Koreshe Eyza , Kim Marcellinus , Simeone Rachel , Maguire Sarah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is a mental health crisis. People with lived experience of eating disorders (ED) may be particularly vulnerable due to exasperating factors including social isolation, co-occurring conditions, etc. This study investigates the association of the pandemic with ED symptomatology to consider impact and identify risk factors for clinical consideration.
Methods
Australian participants over 16 years self-reported ED diagnosis and/or symptomatology. An online survey was conducted due to reach, cost-effectiveness, safety and suitability. Participants recorded ED status, co-occurring mental health conditions, completed validated measures of ED illness, state mental health and loneliness, and changes in ED symptoms during the pandemic.
Results
Of 1723 participants (mode age 24.9 years, 91.6% identifying as female, EDE Global Score x = 4.08, SD = 1.18), 88.0% reported an increase in body image concerns, 74.1% in food restriction, 66.2% binge eating and 46.8% driven exercise during the pandemic. Increased ED symptomatology was associated with poorer state mental health and loneliness across the ED symptom profile. Most participants were negatively impacted by various aspects of the public health response, more so for those with more acute illness.
Conclusions
With 40.5% of participants not having sought formal diagnostic assessment and less than half in treatment, this study provides evidence for the detrimental impact of the pandemic on people with a lived experience of an eating disorder, especially for those not yet supported by the health care system. This presents baseline data - investigation is ongoing to 6 month follow up to assess longer-term impact.
Quantum anomalous Hall effect from intertwined moiré bands
Authors: Mak Kin Fai , Li Tingxin , Jiang Shengwei , Shen Bowen , Zhang Yang , Li Lizhong , Devakul Trithep , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Fu Liang , Shan Jie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Electron correlation and topology are two central threads of modern condensed matter physics. Semiconductor moiré materials provide a highly tunable platform for studies of electron correlation. Correlation-driven phenomena, including the Mott insulator, generalized Wigner crystals, stripe phases and continuous Mott transition, have been demonstrated. However, nontrivial band topology has remained elusive. Here we report the observation of a quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect in AB-stacked MoTe2/WSe2 moiré heterobilayers. Unlike in the AA-stacked structures, an out-of-plane electric field controls not only the bandwidth but also the band topology by intertwining moiré bands centered at different high-symmetry stacking sites. At half band filling, corresponding to one particle per moiré unit cell, we observe quantized Hall resistance, h/e^2 (with h and e denoting the Planck’s constant and electron charge, respectively), and vanishing longitudinal resistance at zero magnetic field. The electric-field-induced topological phase transition from a Mott insulator to a QAH insulator precedes an insulator-to-metal transition; contrary to most known topological phase transitions, it is not accompanied by a bulk charge gap closure. Our study paves the path for discovery of a wealth of emergent phenomena arising from the combined influence of strong correlation and topology in semiconductor moiré materials.
Magnetic Recyclable Cu/Znfe2o4 for Catalytic Reduction of Nitroarenes And C-N Bond Formation Reactions
Authors: Zhang Ruike , Chen Tian , Wang Gongshu , Guan Yuqiu , Yan Guiyang , chen zhangpei , Hu Jianshe 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A magnetic recyclable Cu/ZnFe2O4 composite material was successfully prepared with cheap and easy-to-obtain raw materials. This obtained copper composite material could be employed as efficient catalyst for both degradation of aromatic nitro compounds and C-N bond formation reactions without extra ligands. The aromatic nitro compounds were reduced within 2 min with low catalyst dosage. And high catalytic activity, broad substrate scope and low loading were achieved for Ullmann-type C-N bond formation reaction. The morphology of Cu/ZnFe2O4 was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS), Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, this environmentally friendly heterogeneous catalyst could simply be recovered via magnetic decantation and used again for six cycles with no considerable loss in activity. This developed magnetic recyclable Cu/ZnFe2O4 composite had the characteristics of easy availability, high catalytic performance, good reusability good stability and magnetic recovery properties.
Atypical Evolution of Meningiomatosis After Discontinuation of Cyproterone Acetate: Clinical Cases and Histomolecular Characterization.
Authors: Passeri Thibault , Giammattei Lorenzo , Abbritti Rosaria , Perrier Alexandre , Wong Jennifer , Bourneix Christine , Polivka Marc , Adle-Biassette Homa , Bernat Anne-Laure , Masliah-Planchon Julien , Mandonnet Emmanuel , Froelich Sébastien 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose Long-term use of cyproterone acetate (CPA) is associated with an increased risk of developing an intracranial meningioma. Discontinuation of CPA most often induce stabilization or regression of the tumor. The exact mechanism of regression is unknown as well as the reason why some meningiomas are still growing after CPA discontinuation.We are reporting four patients with multiple meningiomas, showing opposite tumor evolutions after stopping the CPA highlighting the underlying histologic and genetic features.MethodsPatients presenting several meningiomaswith opposite evolutions following the discontinuation of CPA were identified. The clinical and radiological data’s were reviewed. A retrospective volumetric analysis of the meningiomas was performed. All the growing meningiomas were operated. Each tumor was characterized histopathologically and by molecular and genetic analyses.ResultsFour female withmultiple meningiomas and opposite tumor volume evolution after CPA discontinuation were identified. The histopathological results found fibroblastic meningiomas for tumorsgrowinglocated in the convexity and a morefibrousmeningioma in the skull-base tumor which decreased. Meningothelial and transitional meningiomaswere found in two skull-base growing meningiomas.The molecular characterization found twoNF2-mutations among the 4 growing meningiomas. In one patient who presented both patterns, the shrinking skull-basetumor harbored a PIK3CA-mutation whereas the growing tumor, a NF2-mutation.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first report of such an atypical tumor evolution of CPA-associated meningiomatosis after CPA discontinuation in the same patient. Underlying biological mechanisms explaining this observationespecially, the close relationship between mutational landscapes and the meningeal embryologyin CPA-related meningiomasrequire further research.
Influence of the Depth and Season on Microbial Community Dynamics of the Black Sea
Authors: Ozturk Rafet Cagri , Altinok Ilhan , Feyzioglu Ali Muzaffer , Capkin Erol , Yildiz Ilknur 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Black Sea is a unique environment having a thin layer of oxic-zone above and anoxic-zone below. Seasonal, vertical, and horizontal microbial assemblages were studied in terms of diversity, abundance, community structure using NGS of the 16S rRNA gene. Total of 750 bacteria species from 23 different phyla were identified. The number of species richness increased from the surface to deeper zones. Although microbial community compositions between sampling stations were similar, microbial community compositions were significantly different vertically between zones. Community compositions of the seawater and sediment were also significantly different. Community composition at 5 meters in summer was significantly different from other seasons, while remaining depths appeared similar. Species of nitrite-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing, thiosulfate reducing, Iron-reducing, Fe-Mn reducing and electricity-producing bacteria were reported for the first time in the Black Sea. Proteobacteria dominated all the sampling depths. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia were present in the whole water column, while Nitrospinae, Chloroflexi, and Kiritimatiellaeota were restricted, appearing abundant at 75 meters and deeper layers. Vertical microbial community composition variation is attributable to environmental factors and their adaptations to the various ecological niches.
Exosomes Derived from SW480-Resistant Colon Cancer Cells are Promote Angiogenesis via BMP-2/Smad5 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yang Song , Yao Lei , Wang Xiaolong , Sun Hao , Du Chaogang , Song Chengpeng , Fu Jingyu , Wu Yongjun , Huang Hongwu , Wang Chuansi , Wang Yongsen , Xie Yixiang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Multidrug resistance is the main cause of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the mechanism and treatment of drug resistance of tumor cells. We aim to investigate the relationship between drug resistance and angiogenesis in SW480 colon cancer cells, and the possible underlying mechanism.Methods: Exosomes was extracted from SW480-sensitive or -resistant colon cancer cells (SW480/Oxaliplatin). MTT assay, migration assay, tube formation assay, qPCR and Western blotting were performed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Results: The conditioned medium and exosomes of SW480/Oxaliplatin cells promoted proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs. The expression of BMP-2 in SW480/Oxaliplatin exosomes was 2.3 folds higher than that in SW480 exosomes. BMP-2 promoted angiogenesis in vitro by inhibiting the Smad signaling pathway. Moreover, TGF-β1, an activator of the Smad signaling pathway, could partly block the promoting effect of SW480/Oxaliplatin exosomes on angiogenesis.Conclusions: SW480 resistant colon cancer exosomes promoted angiogenesis via inhibiting the BMP-2/Smad signaling pathway.
Self-Reported Symptom Study of COVID-19 Chemosensory Dysfunction in Malaysia
Authors: Lee Shen-Han , Yeoh Zhi Xiang , Sachlin Ida Sadja'ah , Gazali Norzi , Soelar Shahrul Aiman , Foo Chee Yong , Low Lee Lee , Alwi Sharifah Baizura Syed , Kamalden Tengku Mohamed Izam Tengku , Shanmuganathan Jothi , Zaid Masliza , Wong Chun Yiing , Chua Hock Hin , Yusuf Suhaimi , Muhamad Dzawani , Devesahayam Philip Rajan , Ker Hong Bee , Salahuddin Zulkiflee , Mustafa Mahiran , Sawali Halimuddin , Lee Heng Gee , Din Sobani , Misnan Nor Arisah , Amran Amran , Ismail Mohd Noor , Periasamy Chenthilnathan , Chow Ting Soo , Krishnan Elang Kumaran , Leong Chee Loon , Lim Linda Pei Fang , Zaidan Nor Zaila , Ibrahim Zambri , Wahab Suhaila Abd , Hashim Siti Sabzah Mohd ,   Malaysian COVID-19 Anosmia Research Group
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Alterations in the three chemosensory modalities – smell, taste, and chemesthesis – have been implicated in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), yet emerging data suggest a wide geographic and ethnic variation in the prevalence of these symptoms. Studies on chemosensory disorders in COVID-19 have predominantly focused on Caucasian populations whereas Asians remain understudied. We conducted a nationwide, multicentre cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire on a cohort of RT-PCR-confirmed adult COVID-19 patients in Malaysia between 6 June to 30 November 2020. The aim of our study was to investigate their presenting symptoms and assess their chemosensory function using self-ratings of perceived smell, taste, chemesthesis, and nasal blockage. In this cohort of 498 patients, 41.4% reported smell and/or taste loss when diagnosed with COVID-19, which was the commonest symptom. Blocked nose, loss of appetite, and gastrointestinal disturbances were independent predictors of smell and/or taste loss on multivariate analysis. Self-ratings of chemosensory function revealed a reduction in smell, taste, and chemesthesis across the entire cohort of patients that was more profound among those reporting smell and/or taste loss as their presenting symptom. Perceived nasal obstruction accounted for only a small proportion of changes in smell and taste, but not for chemesthesis, supporting viral disruption of sensorineural mechanisms as the dominant aetiology of chemosensory dysfunction. Our study suggests that chemosensory dysfunction in COVID-19 may be widespread and more common than previously thought among Asians, and manifest as an early symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This has important implications for our understanding of the infectivity of viral strains, diagnosis, and management of this pandemic. Study Registration: NMRR-20-934-54803 and NCT04390165
microRNA-145-5p attenuates acute lung injury via targeting ETS2
Authors: Qiao Liang , Li Rongxia , Hu Shangang , Liu Yu , Liu Hongqiang , Wu Hongjun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective
Previously, the protective effect of microRNA (miR)-145-5p has been discovered in acute lung injury (ALI). Thus, this study attempts to further discuss the mechanism of miR-145-5p in ALI through the downstream E26 transformation-specific proto-oncogene 2 (ETS2)/transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad pathway.
Methods
A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat ALI model was established. Recombinant adenovirus miR-145-5p and/or ETS2 overexpression plasmid was administrated into rats. Afterwards, pathological damage in the lung tissue, wet/dry (W/D) ratio, apoptosis and contents of serum inflammatory factors were observed. miR-145-5p, ETS2, TGF-β1, Smad2/3, phosphorylated Smad2/3 levels were measured in rats.
Results
miR-145-5p was down-regulated, ETS2 was up-regulated and TGF-β1/Smad pathway was activated in LPS-suffered rats. Overexpression of miR-145-5p inactivated the TGF-β1/Smad pathway and attenuated ALI, as reflected by relived pathological damage, and decreased W/D ratio, apoptosis and inflammatory response. Oppositely, loss of miR-145-5p or enhancement of ETS2 worsened ALI and activated the TGF-β1/Smad pathway. Moreover, elevation of ETS2 decreased miR-145-5p-mediated protection against ALI.
Conclusion
Evidently, miR-145-5p negatively regulates ETS2 expression and inactivates TGF-β1/Smad pathway to ameliorate ALI in rats.
Downregulation of SMC4 Inhibits the Progression of Cardia Adenocarcinoma via PI3K/ AKT Signaling Pathway Regulation
Authors: Zhu Mengqi , Zhang Xinxin , Gao Kaiji , Zhang Lingmei , Feng Xiaojia , Wang Hui , Jia Jianguang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Cardia adenocarcinoma (CA) is a subtype of gastric cancer with a high rate of local and distal recurrence and few targeted therapies. Structural maintenance of chromosome protein 4 (SMC4) is involved in the occurrence and progression of numerous malignancies, but its role and mechanism in CA are unknown.Methods: Through the Western Blot and qRT-PCR, the level of SMC4 expression was determined in CA. SMC4 knockout cells were then generated by stable transduction of BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT and clone formation test, Scratch and transwell tests were used to investigate cell migration as well as invasion, while through the flow cytometry, we examined the cell apoptosis and progression of the cell cycle. The regulatory effects of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the PI3K/AKT pathway were investigated using Western Blot.Results: This study showed overexpression of SMC4 in various CA cells. SMC4 knockout significantly caused the inhibition of proliferation, migration, and invasion of BGC-823 and SGC-7901, and stimulate the process of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. In addition, down-regulation of SMC4 resulted in decreased expression of Bcl-2, Cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6, N-cadherin and Vimentin, with an increased level of proteins i.e Bax, caspase3, Cleaved-caspase3, P21, and E-cadherin. SMC4 knockout also reduced the phosphorylated protein levels of AKT, PI3K, and mTOR, while keeping their total protein levels constant.Conclusion: Downregulation of SMC4 can inhibit the biological progression of CA, suggesting that SMC4 could be a potential therapeutic target for the disease.