bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of body shape and size without touch or proprioception: evidence from individuals with congenital and acquired neuropathy
Authors: Miall R. Christopher , Afanasyeva Daria , Cole Jonathan D. , Mason Peggy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe degree to which mental representations of the body can be established and maintained without somatosensory input remains unclear. We contrast two “deafferented” adults, one who acquired large fibre sensory loss as an adult (IW) and another who was born without somatosensation (KS). We compared their responses to those of matched controls in three perceptual tasks: first accuracy of their mental image of their hands (assessed by testing recognition of correct hand length/width ratio in distorted photographs and by locating landmarks on the unseen hand); then accuracy of arm length judgements (assessed by judgement of reaching distance), and finally, we tested for an attentional bias towards peri-personal space (assessed by reaction times to visual target presentation). We hypothesised that IW would demonstrate responses consistent with him accessing conscious knowledge, whereas KS might show evidence of responses dependent on non-conscious mechanisms. In the first two experiments, both participants were able to give consistent responses about hand shape and arm length, but IW displayed a better awareness of hand shape than KS (and controls). KS demonstrated poorer spatial accuracy in reporting hand landmarks than both IW and controls, and appears to have less awareness of her hands. Reach distance was overestimated by both IW and KS, as it was for controls; the precision of their judgements was slightly lower than that of the controls. In the attentional task, IW showed no reaction time differences across conditions in the visual detection task, unlike controls, suggesting that he has no peri-personal bias of attention. In contrast, KS did show target location-dependent modulation of reaction times, when her hands were visible. We suggest that both IW and KS can access a conscious body image, although its accuracy may reflect their different experience of hand action. Acquired sensory loss has deprived IW of any subconscious body awareness, but the congenital absence of somatosensation may have led to its partial replacement by a form of visual proprioception in KS.
An Incompressible Polymer Fluid Interacting with a Koiter Shell
Authors: Breit Dominic , Mensah Prince Romeo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe study a mutually coupled mesoscopic-macroscopic-shell system of equations modeling a dilute incompressible polymer fluid which is evolving and interacting with a flexible shell of Koiter type. The polymer constitutes a solvent-solute mixture where the solvent is modelled on the macroscopic scale by the incompressible Navier–Stokes equation and the solute is modelled on the mesoscopic scale by a Fokker–Planck equation (Kolmogorov forward equation) for the probability density function of the bead-spring polymer chain configuration. This mixture interacts with a nonlinear elastic shell which serves as a moving boundary of the physical spatial domain of the polymer fluid. We use the classical model by Koiter to describe the shell movement which yields a fully nonlinear fourth order hyperbolic equation. Our main result is the existence of a weak solution to the underlying system which exists until the Koiter energy degenerates or the flexible shell approaches a self-intersection.
The Volsci Volcanic Field (central Italy): eruptive history, magma system and implications on continental subduction processes
Authors: Marra F. , Cardello G. L. , Gaeta M. , Jicha B. R. , Montone P. , Niespolo E. M. , Nomade S. , Palladino D. M. , Pereira A. , De Luca G. , Florindo F. , Frepoli A. , Renne P. R. , Sottili G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHere, we report on the Quaternary Volsci Volcanic Field (VVF, central Italy). In light of new 40Ar/39Ar geochronological data and compositional characterization of juvenile eruptive products, we refine the history of VVF activity, and outline the implications on the pre-eruptive magma system and the continental subduction processes involved. Different from the nearby volcanic districts of the Roman and Campanian Provinces, the VVF was characterized by small-volume (0.01–0.1 km3) eruptions from a network of monogenetic centers (mostly tuff rings and scoria cones, with subordinate lava occurrences), clustered along high-angle faults of lithospheric depth. Leucite-bearing, high-K (HKS) magmas (for which we report for the first time the phlogopite phenocryst compositions) mostly fed the early phase of activity (∼761–539 ka), then primitive, plagioclase-bearing (KS) magmas appeared during the climactic phase (∼424–349 ka), partially overlapping with HKS ones, and then prevailed during the late phase of activity (∼300–231 ka). The fast ascent of primitive magma batches is typical of a tectonically controlled volcanic field, where the very low magma flux is a passive byproduct of regional tectonic strain. We suggest that the dominant compressive stress field acting at depth was accompanied by an extensional regime in the upper crust, associated with the gravity spreading of the Apennine chain, allowing the fast ascent of magma from the mantle source with limited stationing in shallow reservoirs.
Discovery of a phylogenetically distinct poxvirus in diseased Crocodilurus amazonicus (family Teiidae)
Authors: Seitz Kerstin , Kübber-Heiss Anna , Auer Angelika , Dinhopl Nora , Posautz Annika , Mötz Marlene , Kiesler Alexandra , Hochleithner Claudia , Hochleithner Manfred , Springler Gregor , Lehmbecker Annika , Weissenböck Herbert , Rümenapf Till , Riedel Christiane 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA novel poxvirus was discovered in Crocodilurus amazonicus (Teiidae) presenting with a debilitating skin disease. The generated first genome sequence of a reptilian poxvirus revealed the closest phylogenetic relationship to avipoxviruses, highlighting potential virus exchanges between avian and reptilian species.
Alexithymia and Self Differentiation: The Role of Fear of Intimacy and Insecure Adult Attachment
Authors: Scigala D. K. , Fabris M. A. , Badenes-Ribera L. , Zdankiewicz-Scigala E. , Longobardi C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIt is suggested in literature that there is a link between Alexithymia and Self-Differentiation; however, little is known about possible mediation factors. The goal of this work is to test in a non-clinical population of adults the mediation role of Fear of Intimacy and Adult Attachment in the relationship between Alexithymia and Self-Differentiation. A sample of 258 participants self identified as gay or lesbian, aged 20–50 years (M: 30.29; SD: 7.27), 45% of whom were males, completed self-reported measures of Alexithymia (TAS-20), Self-Differentiation (SDI), Fear of Intimacy (FIS); and Insecure Adult Attachment (RAAS). Our results show that Alexithymia predicts Self-Differentiation both directly and indirectly, through Fear of Intimacy and Insecure adult attachment. In addition, Fear of Intimacy directly influences Self-Differentiation, and also mediates the relationship between Alexithymia and Adult Attachment which, in turn, negatively predicts Self-Differentiation. In conclusion, Alexithymia predicts Self-Differentiation while Fear of Intimacy and adult attachment may act as mediators of the report. Limitations of the study and directions of future research are described.
Investigating the importance of shape features, color constancy, color spaces, and similarity measures in open-ended 3D object recognition
Authors: Kasaei S. Hamidreza , Ghorbani Maryam , Schilperoort Jits , van der Rest Wessel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDespite the recent success of state-of-the-art 3D object recognition approaches, service robots still frequently fail to recognize many objects in real human-centric environments. For these robots, object recognition is a challenging task due to the high demand for accurate and real-time response under changing and unpredictable environmental conditions. Most of the recent approaches use either the shape information only and ignore the role of color information or vice versa. Furthermore, they mainly utilize the$$L_n$$LnMinkowski family functions to measure the similarity of two object views, while there are various distance measures that are applicable to compare two object views. In this paper, we explore the importance of shape information, color constancy, color spaces, and various similarity measures in open-ended 3D object recognition. Toward this goal, we extensively evaluate the performance of object recognition approaches in three different configurations, includingcolor-only,shape-only, andcombinations of color and shape, in both offline and online settings. Experimental results concerning scalability, memory usage, and object recognition performance show that all of thecombinations of color and shapeyield significant improvements over theshape-onlyandcolor-onlyapproaches. The underlying reason is that color information is an important feature to distinguish objects that have very similar geometric properties with different colors and vice versa. Moreover, by combining color and shape information, we demonstrate that the robot can learn new object categories from very few training examples in a real-world setting.
Product-service systems evolution in the era of Industry 4.0
Authors: Gaiardelli Paolo , Pezzotta Giuditta , Rondini Alice , Romero David , Jarrahi Farnaz , Bertoni Marco , Wiesner Stefan , Wuest Thorsten , Larsson Tobias , Zaki Mohamed , Jussen Philipp , Boucher Xavier , Bigdeli Ali Z. , Cavalieri Sergio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRecent economic transformations have forced companies to redefine their value propositions, increasing traditional product offerings with supplementary services—the so-called Product-Service System (PSS). Among them, the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies is very common. However, the directions that companies are undertaking to offer new value to their customers in the Industry 4.0 have not yet been investigated in detail. Based on a focus group, this paper contributes to this understanding by identifying the main trajectories that would shape a future scenario in which PSS and Industry 4.0 would merge. In addition, future research directions addressing (a) the transformation of the PSS value chain into a PSS ecosystem, (b) the transformation inside a single company towards becoming a PSS provider, and (c) the digital transformation of the traditional PSS business model are identified.
Richter Syndrome
Authors: Condoluci Adalgisa , Rossi Davide 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Richter syndrome (RS) is an uncommon but aggressive evolution of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). RS is an unmet clinical need in the field of CLL. Recent advances in understanding the biology of this condition provide the rationale for testing new therapeutic concepts in order to improve the outcome of patients developing RS, which is so far poor. In this review, we summarize disease characteristics and available therapeutic options for RS.

Recent Findings
Current regimens with novel agents in monotherapy have shown little impact on survival. Nevertheless, the better reported outcome for RS has been achieved with the combination of chemo-immunotherapy with a novel agent, confirming the synergistic effect of the approaches. Still, the frailty of this population may impose a less toxic management leaving most patients with no reasonable therapeutic option.

Summary
Treatment options for RS need to be further expanded. Preclinical models in current development may allow to explore actionable pathways and identify new drug targeted combinations.
Long-Term Glucose Starvation Induces Inflammatory Responses and Phenotype Switch in Primary Cortical Rat Astrocytes
Authors: Kogel Vanessa , Trinh Stefanie , Gasterich Natalie , Beyer Cordian , Seitz Jochen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAstrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the brain and crucial to ensure the metabolic supply of neurons and their synapse formation. Overnutrition as present in patients suffering from obesity causes astrogliosis in the hypothalamus. Other diseases accompanied by malnutrition appear to have an impact on the brain and astrocyte function. In the eating disorder anorexia nervosa (AN), patients suffer from undernutrition and develop volume reductions of the cerebral cortex, associated with reduced astrocyte proliferation and cell count. Although an effect on astrocytes and their function has already been shown for overnutrition, their role in long-term undernutrition remains unclear. The present study used primary rat cerebral cortex astrocytes to investigate their response to chronic glucose starvation. Cells were grown with a medium containing a reduced glucose concentration (2 mM) for 15 days. Long-term glucose starvation increased the expression of a subset of pro-inflammatory genes and shifted the primary astrocyte population to the pro-inflammatory A1-like phenotype. Moreover, genes encoding for proteins involved in the unfolded protein response were elevated. Our findings demonstrate that astrocytes under chronic glucose starvation respond with an inflammatory reaction. With respect to the multiple functions of astrocytes, an association between elevated inflammatory responses due to chronic starvation and alterations found in the brain of patients suffering from undernutrition seems possible.
Erratum zu „Karzinogenese: Big Bang oder kontinuierliche Evolution?“
Authors: Haase Kerstin , Schwarz Roland F. 
Published: February 2021

Bei der bereits veröffentlichten Originalversion des Artikels ist ein Fehler in der Abbildung 2B entstanden: bei der Kennzeichnung der Herkunft des Chromosom 4 wurde die falsche Patienten-ID angeben, korrekt ist die ID „CRUK0009“Anbei finden Sie die korrigierte Version. Wir entschuldigen uns für den Fehler und für alle dadurch eventuell entstandenen Un annehmlichkeiten.
COR-101, ein menschlicher Antikörper gegen COVID-19
Authors: Dübel Stefan , Herrmann Andreas , Schirrmann Thomas , Frenzel André , Hust Michael 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCOR-101 is a fully human, Fc silenced IgG that was discovered by antibody phage display. It reduced the SARS-CoV-2 virus load in the lung by more than 99 percent in Hamster models and led to much faster recovery. Its mode of action has been elucidated by solving the atomic structure of its interaction with SARS-CoV-2. The antibody competes with ACE2 binding by blocking a large area of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
Methanothermobacter — Biokatalysator für die Energiewende
Authors: Shima Seigo , Thauer Rudolf K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMethanothermobacter is a thermophilic genus within the kingdom of Euryarchaeota. Chemolithoautotrophic growth on H2 and CO2 at 65 °C is rapid and to high cell concentrations. Champions in this respect are the species M. thermautotrophicus and M. marburgensis, which were used to elucidate the unique biochemistry of methane formation from H2 and CO2. These two species are presently also being explored as biocatalysts in the industrial conversion of electrolytically produced H2 to “green” methane.
Observation on Rock Melt Extrusion Occurrence in Southern.
Authors: John Biju , Singh Yogendra , Rao D.T. , Barman M.C. , Pradeepkumar A.P. , Sajeev K. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Some recent studies have suggested that the phenomenon of Rock Melt Extrusion (RME) observed in the southern part of Peninsular India could be considered as evidence of volcanism. This suggestion raised major concern for the safety of the southernmost nuclear power plant of India located at Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu. As per IAEA guidelines for siting a nuclear facility, the behaviour of volcanic activity, if identified, needs to be considered for an area of 100 km radius. Hence an investigation was carried out to understand the genesis of the RME phenomena in this region. Review of earlier studies indicates that no volcanic rock younger than Deccan Trap volcanism (70-63 Ma) has been reported in the area and also that the area is undergoing compression in the present tectonic set-up. The physical observations support the suggestion that the RME phenomena has resulted from lightning and electrical discharge. For further ascertaining the characteristics of the RME, detailed analyses were carried out on the RME samples. Petrographical observations on the RME samples from Abhishekapatti suggest instant melting and consolidation in soil where bigger grains of quartz were not melted. Geochemical analysis of different portions of RME and the surrounding soil suggests that there is no variation between the two and both are of comparable compositions. The results suggest that the melt was produced instantaneously and has resulted from the superficial melting of soil. The purpose of this article is to make the public aware that the reported incidence of RME in Southern Peninsular India has nothing to do with volcanic activity and is related to lightning and electrical discharge.
Internal Stratigraphy of the Mesoarchean Keonjhar Siliciclastics, Singhbhum Craton, Eastern India: Paleogeographic Implications.
Authors: De Saheli , Sarkar B.C. , Jana Ashim , Mukhopadhyay Joydip , Sinha D.K. , Verma M.B. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In comparison to the greenstone belt volcano-sedimentary successions, mature arenite dominated sedimentary deposits are very rarely preserved in Paleo-Mesoarchean rock record. Such arenitic deposits may be important for the recognition of extensive development of continental freeboard and onset of Phanerozoic style plate tectonics. The Keonjhar siliciclastics are ~715-m thick mature arenite-dominated Mesoarchean succession that unconformably overlies Paleo-Mesoarchean granite-greenstone core of the Singhbhum craton. The succession is mapped on 1:50,000 scale, and is designated as the Keonjhar Quartzite. It is subdivided into conglomerate dominated lower unit as the Asurkhol Member and mature arenite dominated upper unit as the Kamalpur Member. A lensoid body of iron ore clast bearing conglomerate unconformably overlies the Keonjhar Quartzite, and is designated here as the Chamakpur Conglomerate. The succession is repeated by three westerly dipping reverse faults that have upthrown the deeper parts of the basinal transects against shallower parts. The Asurkhol Member represents subaerial part of a coastal alluvial fan. The Kamalpur Member represents shallow-shelf depositional setting. Detailed mapping and recognition of the fault slices led to the reconstruction of the paleogeographic setting. The present study also highlights the importance for the stratigraphic correlation of the Keonjhar Quartzite with underlying metabasics of Malangtaoli- Jagannathpur lava and the overlying western IOG succession. The internal stratigraphic classification proposed here is also significant from economic point of view with regard to the occurrences of uraniferous QPCs in the Asurkhol Member and detrital iron ore deposits in the Chamakpur Conglomerate.
Sulphur Isotopic Studies of Pyrite from Gogi Uranium Deposit, Bhima Basin, Karnataka
Authors: Patnaik Sikta , Hegde G.N. , Pandey U.K. , Asha K. , Chakrabarti Kalyan , Saravanan B. , Bhatt A.K. , Verma M.B. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Uranium deposit at Gogi area is located along the E-W Gundahalli-Gogi-Kurlegere (GK) fault, in the brecciated impure limestone of Shahabad Formation of the Bhima Group of sediments and the basement granite in the central part of the Meso-Neoproterozoic Bhima basin. Uranium mineralisation is associated mainly with sulphide bearing minerals and secondary calcite. Ore microscopic studies indicate that among the sulphide minerals pyrite is predominant (about 98%) with subordinate amounts of chalcopyrite, chalcocite, marcasite, arsenopyrite and galena. Megascopically, three different varieties of pyrite viz., euhedral, lumpy and vein types are identified in the limestone and siltstone. Ore microscopic studies reveal that vein type pyrite and lumpy pyrite are fractured and crushed. Euhedral pyrite is idiomorphic and devoid of any fractures. The pyrite samples were analysed for δ34S sulphur isotopes. The δ34S values show a wide range from −30.51 to +20.77‰ (Canyon Diablo Troilite, CDT). δ34S values of pyrite can be classified into three groups depending on the values. High values of +17.73 to +20.77 ‰ (CDT) of euhedral pyrite (Py-I) indicate sedimentary pyrite formed due to bacterial reduction of sea water sulphate in relatively closed system, while pyrite (Py-II) having negative values of δ34S imply bacterial reduction of sea water sulphate in open system. The third group (Py-III) of pyrite have δ34S values of −0.51‰ (CDT) and 7.38‰(CDT), indicating their magmatic/ hydrothermal origin. Sulphides in the deformed sediments acted as reducing agent for uranium precipitation.
Mineral Chemistry and Reaction Textures of Calc-silicate Rocks of the Lunavada Region, SAMB, NE Gujarat
Authors: Akolkar Gayatri , Limaye M. A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Calc-silicate rocks occurring in and around Lunavada town belong to the Kadana Formation of the Lunavada Group of the Aravalli Supergroup. These rocks are embedded within pelitic schists in the form of sporadically distributed lensoidal bodies and are surrounded by quartzitic ridges. Rocks of the Kadana Formation and its surrounding area have experienced intrusive event named as ‘Godhra granite’ which occupy the SW part of this area. Some prominent field characteristics shown by these calc-silicates include fine to medium grained size, dark grey colour, unoriented/star shaped amphibole needles and maculose structure. These rocks have contact metamorphic textural features and the typical mineral assemblage viz., Act +Di + Qtz + Ttn+ Cal ± Mc ± Bt ± Pl ± Ep ± Scp ± Chl with minor proportion of apatite, zircon and opaques. EPMA studies revealed that the Ca-amphibole composition of these rocks ranges from magnesio-hornblende to actinolite whereas the clinopyroxene is salitic to diopsidic and the mica is found to be phlogopitic biotite. Certain prograde and retrograde reactions textures present within these rocks have been interpreted, for e.g. the development of diopside (salite) from ankeritic composition which is then retrogressed and actinolite appeared, prograde reaction leading to the formation of titanite from ilmenite and calcite and breakdown of scapolite into calcite and quartz with plagioclase lacking co-existence with these scapolites, indicating retrogression. Mineral assemblage and mineral chemistry data interpretation points towards the calcareous sandstone or marl as a probable protolith having impure calcareous composition, moreover, field characteristics and reaction textures observed give indication that the protolith might had passed through the contact metamorphic event to give rise to the present day calc-silicates.