bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cohort profile: The Swiss Transplant Cohort Study (STCS): A nationwide longitudinal cohort study of all solid organ recipients in Switzerland
Authors: Stampf Susanne , Mueller Nicolas J , van Delden Christian , Pascual Manuel , Manuel Oriol , Banz Vanessa , Binet Isabelle , De Geest Sabina , Bochud Pierre-Yves , Leichtle Alexander , Schaub Stefan , Steiger Jürg , Koller Michael 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe Swiss Transplant Cohort Study (STCS) is a prospective multicentre cohort study which started to actively enrol study participants in May 2008. It takes advantage of combining data from all transplant programmes in one unique system to perform comprehensive nationwide reporting and to promote translational and clinical post-transplant outcome research in the framework of Swiss transplantation medicine.ParticipantsOver 5500 solid organ transplant recipients have been enrolled in all six Swiss transplant centres by end of 2019, around three-quarter of them for kidney and liver transplants. Ninety-three per cent of all transplanted recipients have consented to study participation, almost all of them (99%) contributed to bio-sampling. The STCS genomic data set includes around 3000 patients.Findings to dateDetailed clinical and laboratory data in high granularity as well as patient-reported outcomes from transplant recipients and activities in Switzerland are available in the last decade. Interdisciplinary contributions in diverse fields of transplantation medicine such as infectious diseases, genomics, oncology, immunology and psychosocial science have resulted in approximately 70 scientific papers getting published in peer-review journals so far.Future plansThe STCS will deepen its efforts in personalised medicine and digital epidemiology, and will also focus on allocation research and the use of causal inference methods to make complex matters in transplant medicine more understandable and transparent.
Maternal prenatal anxiety and depression and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors across childhood and adolescence: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Matvienko-Sikar Karen , O' Neill Kate , Fraser Abigail , Hayes Catherine , Howe Laura , Huizink Anja C , Kearney Patricia M , Khashan Ali , Redsell Sarah A , O’Keeffe Linda M 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesQuantifying long-term offspring cardiometabolic health risks associated with maternal prenatal anxiety and depression can guide cardiometabolic risk prevention. This study examines associations between maternal prenatal anxiety and depression, and offspring cardiometabolic risk from birth to 18 years.DesignThis study uses data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort.ParticipantsParticipants were 526–8606 mother–offspring pairs from the ALSPAC cohort.SettingBritish birth cohort set, Bristol, UK.Primary and secondary outcomesExposures were anxiety (Crown-Crisp Inventory score) and depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score) measured at 18 and 32 weeks gestation. Outcomes were trajectories of offspring body mass index; fat mass; lean mass; pulse rate; glucose, diastolic and systolic blood pressure (SBP); triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin from birth/early childhood to 18 years. Exposures were analysed categorically using clinically relevant, cut-offs and continuously to examine associations across the distribution of prenatal anxiety and depression.ResultsWe found no strong evidence of associations between maternal anxiety and depression and offspring trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors. Depression at 18 weeks was associated with higher SBP at age 18 (1.62 mm Hg (95% CI 0.17 to 3.07). Anxiety at 18 weeks was also associated with higher diastolic blood pressure at 7 years in unadjusted analyses (0.70 mm Hg (95% CI 0.02 to 1.38)); this difference persisted at age 18 years (difference at 18 years; 0.89 mm Hg (95% CI 0.05 to 1.73). No associations were observed for body mass index; fat mass; lean mass; pulse rate; glucose; triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin.ConclusionsThis is the first examination of maternal prenatal anxiety and depression and trajectories of offspring cardiometabolic risk. Our findings suggest that prevention of maternal prenatal anxiety and depression may have limited impact on offspring cardiometabolic health across the first two decades of life.
Clinical profile and short-term outcomes of RT-PCR- positive patients with COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Md Zabir , Biswas Nirmol Kumar , Aziz Ahmad Monjurul , Chowdhury Juli , Haider Shams Shabab , Sarker Malabika 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic is still raging worldwide. While there is significant published evidence on the attributes of patients with COVID-19 from lower-income and middle-income countries, there is a dearth of original research published from Bangladesh, a low-income country in Southeast Asia. Based on a case series from a tertiary healthcare centre, this observational study has explored the epidemiology, clinical profile of patients with COVID-19 and short-term outcomes in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Design and settingA total of 422 COVID-19-confirmed patients (via reverse transcription–PCR test) were enrolled in this study (male=271, female=150, 1 unreported). We have compiled medical records of the patients and descriptively reported their demographic, socioeconomic and clinical features, treatment history, health outcomes, and postdischarge complications.ResultPatients were predominantly male (64%), between 35 and 49 years (28%), with at least one comorbidity (52%), and had COVID-19 symptoms for 1 week before hospitalisation (66%). A significantly higher proportion (p<0.05) of male patients had diabetes, hypertension and ischaemic heart disease, while female patients had asthma (p<0.05). The most common symptoms were fever (80%), cough (60%), dyspnoea (41%) and sore throat (21%). The majority of the patients received antibiotics (77%) and anticoagulant therapy (56%) and stayed in the hospital for an average of 12 days. Over 90% of patients were successfully weaned, while 3% died from COVID-19, and 41% reported complications after discharge.ConclusionThe diversity of clinical and epidemiological characteristics and health outcomes of patients with COVID-19 across age groups and gender is noteworthy. Our result will inform the clinicians and epidemiologists of Bangladesh of their COVID-19 mitigation effort.
Sweets for my sweet: modulation of the limbic system drives salience for sweet foods after deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Steinhardt Julia , Hanssen Henrike , Heldmann Marcus , Neumann Alexander , Münchau Alexander , Schramm Peter , Rasche Dirk , Saryyeva Assel , Büntjen Lars , Voges Jürgen , Tronnier Volker , Krauss Joachim K. , Münte Thomas F. , Brüggemann Norbert 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundAn increase in body weight is observed in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) who undergo deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) although the mechanisms are unclear.ObjectivesTo identify the stimulation-dependent effects on reward-associated and attention-associated neural networks and to determine whether these alterations in functional connectivity are associated with the local impact of DBS on different STN parcellations.MethodsWe acquired functional task-related MRI data from 21 patients with PD during active and inactive STN DBS and 19 controls while performing a food viewing paradigm. Electrode placement in the STN was localised using a state-of-the-art approach. Based on the 3D model, the local impact of STN DBS was estimated.ResultsSTN DBS resulted in a mean improvement of motor function of 22.6%±15.5% (on medication) and an increase of body weight of ~4 kg within 2 years of stimulation. DBS of the limbic proportion of the STN was associated with body weight gain and an increased functional connectivity within the salience network and at the same time with a decreased activity within the reward-related network in the context of sweet food images.ConclusionsOur findings indicate increased selective attention for high-caloric foods and a sweet food seeking-like behaviour after DBS particularly when the limbic proportion of the STN was stimulated.
The EVALI outbreak and tobacco sales in the USA, 2014–2020
Authors: Liber Alex C , Cahn Zachary , Diaz Megan C , Donovan Emily , Vallone Donna , Schillo Barbara 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundThe E-cigarette, or Vaping Product-Use Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) Outbreak of 2019 hospitalised thousands and killed dozens of people in the USA and raised perceptions of the dangers posed to health by electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). These illnesses along with continued increases in youth vaping rates lead to the passage of many state and federal laws intended to curtail the sale of flavoured e-cigarettes. Little is known about the impact of these events on US e-cigarette and cigarette retail sales.MethodsUsing Nielsen Scantrack sales data from January 2014 to January 2020 for 23 US states, we evaluate the effect of the EVALI outbreak. First-differenced state-panel regressions tracking unit sales of total-level and category-level e-cigarettes and cigarette sales controlling for price, Tobacco 21 policy coverage, product distribution, seasonality, EVALI-attributable deaths, and state-level e-cigarette policies affecting the availability of e-cigarettes (non-tobacco flavoured and total) were employed.ResultsDollar sales of e-cigarettes declined 29% from their pre-EVALI peak by January 2020. Total sales of e-cigarettes declined in response to EVALI deaths and the total e-cigarette sales ban put in place in Massachusetts adopted in its wake. Cigarette sales were largely unchanged by either the direct or indirect policy effects of the EVALI outbreak, except for in Massachusetts, where cigarette sales—particularly those smoked by young people—rose temporarily after a total ban on e-cigarette sales.ConclusionSales of e-cigarettes declined in response to the EVALI outbreak and from the most restrictive regulatory policies that were adopted in response, while sales of cigarettes were affected less.
Standardising the measurement of e-cigarette taxes in the USA, 2010–2020
Authors: Cotti Chad , Nesson Erik , Pesko Michael F , Phillips Serena , Tefft Nathan 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionE-cigarette taxes have been enacted by 30 states through April 2020. E-cigarette tax schemas vary, in contrast to cigarette taxes in the USA that are levied almost exclusively as excise taxes per pack. Some states use excise taxes on liquid and containers, others ad valorem taxes on wholesale prices and others sales taxes. It is therefore difficult to understand the relative magnitudes of these e-cigarette taxes and the overall e-cigarette tax size relative to the cigarette tax size.ObjectiveTo create and publish a database of state and local quarterly e-cigarette taxes from 2010 to 2020, standardised as the rate per millilitre of fluid.MethodsUsing Universal Product Code-level e-cigarette sales from the NielsenIQ Retail Scanner Data along with e-cigarette product characteristics collected from internet searches and visits to e-cigarette retailers, we develop a method to standardise e-cigarette taxes as an equivalent average excise tax rate measured per millilitre of fluid.ResultsIn 2020, the average American resided in a location with $3.08 in cigarette taxes and $0.34 in e-cigarette taxes (assuming 1 pack=0.7 fluid mL).ConclusionsThe public availability of this state and local standardised e-cigarette tax data will allow tobacco control researchers to study the relationship between e-cigarette taxes and tobacco and related outcomes more effectively.
Nicotine replacement therapy ‘gift cards’ for hospital inpatients who smoke: a prospective before-and-after controlled pilot evaluation
Authors: Mullen Kerri A , Walker Kathryn L , Noble Shireen , Pritchard Gillian , Garg Aditi , Martin Natalie , Pipe Andrew L , Reid Robert D 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionA common barrier identified by individuals trying to quit smoking is the cost of cessation pharmacotherapies. The purpose of this evaluation was to: (1) Assess the feasibility of offering nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) ‘gift cards’ to hospitalised smokers for use posthospitalisation; and, (2) Estimate the effect of providing NRT gift cards on 6-month smoking abstinence.MethodsA prospective, quasi-experimental, before-and-after controlled cohort design with random sampling was used to compare patients who had received the Ottawa Model for Smoking Cessation (OMSC) intervention (‘control’) with patients who received the OMSC plus a $C300 Quit Card (‘QCI’), which they could use to purchase any brand or form of NRT from any Canadian pharmacy.Results750 Quit Cards were distributed to the three participating hospitals of which 707 (94.3%) were distributed to patients. Of the cards received by patients, 532 (75.2%) were used to purchase NRT. A total of 272 participants completed evaluation surveys (148 control; 124 QCI).Point prevalence abstinence rates adjusted for misreporting among survey responders were 15.3% higher in the QCI group, compared with controls (44.4% vs 29.1%; OR 1.95, 1.18–3.21; p=0.009). Satisfaction was high among participants in both groups, and among staff delivering the QCI. QCI participants rated the intervention as high in terms of motivation, ease of use and helpfulness.ConclusionsThe NRT gift card appears to be a feasible and effective smoking cessation tool that removes a primary barrier to the use of evidence-based smoking cessation pharmacotherapies, while motivating both patients and health providers.
Correlation between Parturients’ Uterine Artery Blood Flow Spectra in the First and Second Trimesters of Pregnancy and Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Yu Hongna , Yuan Meiqin , Wang Ling , Li Xia , Jiang Meiping 
Published: December 2021

Objective. To explore the correlation between parturients’ uterine artery blood flow spectra in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods. The data of parturients treated in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, 50 parturients with FGR were selected as the FGR group, and other 50 healthy cases were selected as the control group. In the first trimester (11-12 weeks of gestation) and the second trimester of pregnancy (13–24 weeks of gestation), the parturients of the two groups accepted the color Doppler ultrasonography (CDS), their hemodynamics indicators of uterine artery were recorded, and the correlation between their uterine artery blood flow spectra in the two periods and FGR was analyzed with the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results. No statistical differences in the parturients’ general information including age, gestational weeks, gravidity, and parity between the two groups were observed (

P

> 0.05); the newborn’s body weight, Apgar scores, number of preterm infants, and the number of infants transferring to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were significantly different between the two groups (

P

< 0.05); in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, the uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI), uterine artery resistance index (UtA-RI), maximal systolic flow velocity, and systolic/diastolic (UtA-S/D) ratio were significantly higher in the FGR group than in the control group (

P

< 0.05), and the time-averaged maximal velocity (TAMX) was significantly lower in the FGR group than in the control group (

P

< 0.001); in early pregnancy, the incidence of early diastolic notch at bilateral uterine arteries between the two groups was not significantly different (

P

> 0.05), and the unilateral and total incidence in the first trimester as well as the unilateral, bilateral, and total incidence in the second trimester were significantly higher in the FGR group than in the control group (

P

< 0.05); in the first trimester, the sensitivity of detecting FGR with a uterine artery blood flow spectrum was 0.820, AUC (95% CI) = 0.840 (0.757–0.923), and in the second trimester, it was 0.860, AUC (95% CI) = 0.900 (0.832–0.968). Conclusion. There is a correlation between uterine artery blood flow spectra in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy and FGR, and the sensitivity of spectrum in the first trimester is higher than that in the second trimester, presenting a better clinical application value.
Application of Clavien–Dindo Classification System for Complications of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Jun , Zhu Zheng-Jie , Wu Jun-Jie 
Published: December 2021

Objective. To investigate the clinical applications of the Clavien–Dindo classification system (CDCS) in the assessment of perioperative complications in minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL). Methods. Totally, 390 patients with renal stones in our hospital from March 2015 to March 2020 were included for this study and then were divided into observation group (complication group, 78 cases) and control group (noncomplication group, 312 cases) according to the incidence of perioperative complications in CDCS. Single factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of the perioperative complications of MPCNL. Results. The total incidence of complication in the 390 cases with MPCNL was 20.00% (78 cases) according to CDCS, among which the incidence of complications at grades I, II, III, IV, and V was 6.92% (27 cases), 8.21% (32 cases), 2.82% (11 cases), 1.79% (7 cases), and 0.26% (1 case), respectively. The proportion of patients, that aged >60 years, complicated with comorbidities, sophisticated calculi, the preoperative albumin level (<35 g/L), the operation time (>180 minutes), intraoperative bleeding volume (>300 mL), and hospitalization time (>7 days) in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group ((75.64% vs. 61.86%, 38.46% vs. 24.36%, 83.33% vs. 69.55%, 83.33% vs. 69.55%, 70.51% vs. 30.76%, 53.85% vs. 36.54%, and 60.26% vs. 43.27%), all

P

< 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, associated comorbidities, preoperative albumin level, calculus complexity, operation time, and intraoperative bleeding volume (>300 mL) were correlated with the occurrence of complications (

P

≤ 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.003, and 0.001 respectively). Conclusion. The CDCS can give standard and more comparative criteria for the assessment of perioperative complications, which will provide reference data for reducing complications and ensuring safety profiles in these high-risk patients.
Myelofibrosis: Genetic Characteristics and the Emerging Therapeutic Landscape
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Gangat Naseema , Pardanani Animesh , Crispino John D. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is one of three myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) that are morphologically and molecularly inter-related, the other two being polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). MPNs are characterized by JAK-STAT–activating JAK2, CALR, or MPL mutations that give rise to stem cell–derived clonal myeloproliferation, which is prone to leukemic and, in case of PV and ET, fibrotic transformation. Abnormal megakaryocyte proliferation is accompanied by bone marrow fibrosis and characterizes PMF, while the clinical phenotype is pathogenetically linked to ineffective hematopoiesis and aberrant cytokine expression. Among MPN-associated driver mutations, type 1–like CALR mutation has been associated with favorable prognosis in PMF, while ASXL1, SRSF2, U2AF1-Q157, EZH2, CBL, and K/NRAS mutations have been shown to be prognostically detrimental. Such information has enabled development of exclusively genetic (GIPSS) and clinically integrated (MIPSSv2) prognostic models that facilitate individualized treatment decisions. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation remains the only treatment modality in MF with the potential to prolong survival, whereas drug therapy, including JAK2 inhibitors, is directed mostly at the inflammatory component of the disease and is therefore palliative in nature. Similarly, disease-modifying activity remains elusive for currently available investigational drugs, while their additional value in symptom management awaits controlled confirmation. There is a need for genetic characterization of clinical observations followed by in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies that will hopefully identify therapies that target the malignant clone in MF to improve patient outcomes.
The Market for Audiobooks
Authors: Gustafsson Helena 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Storytel is one of the world’s largest subscribed audiobook and ebook streaming services and offers unlimited listening and reading of more than 700 000 titles on a global scale. Its vision is to make the world a more empathetic and creative place with great stories to be shared and enjoyed by anyone, anywhere, and at anytime. Storytel operates in 25 markets around the globe and is headquartered in Stockholm. In summer 2021, Storytel launched a customized student discount offering in several of its markets, targeting audiences at universities and colleges. Logos seized the opportunity to talk to Storytel’s Chief Content Strategy Officer Helena Gustafsson – about stories, global expansion, the wave of audiotainment, and the evolution of literature in a digital era in which books are more accessible
than ever.
Evaluating the Eastward Propagation of the MJO in CMIP5 and CMIP6 Models Based on a Variety of Diagnostics
Authors: Li Yue , Wu Jiye , Luo Jing-Jia , Yang Young Min 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Given the climatic importance of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), this study evaluates the capability of CMIP6 models in simulating MJO eastward propagation in comparison with their CMIP5 counterparts. To understand the representation of MJO simulation in models, a set of diagnostics with respect to MJO-associated dynamic and thermodynamic structures is applied, including large-scale zonal circulation, vertical structures of diabatic heating and equivalent potential temperature, moisture convergence at the planetary boundary layer (PBL), and the east–west asymmetry of moisture tendency relative to the MJO convection. The simulated propagation of the MJO in CMIP6 models shows an overall improvement in realistic speed and longer distance, which displays a robust linear regression relationship against the above-mentioned dynamic and thermodynamic structures. The improved MJO propagation in CMIP6 largely benefits from better representation of premoistening processes that is primarily contributed by improved PBL moisture convergence. In addition, the convergence of moisture and meridional advection of moisture prior to the MJO convection are enhanced in CMIP6, while the zonal advection of moisture is as weak as that in CMIP5. The increased convergence of moisture is a result of enhanced lower-tropospheric moisture and divergence, and the enhanced meridional advection of moisture can be caused by sharpened meridional gradient of mean lower-tropospheric moisture in the western Pacific. Further examination of the lower-tropospheric moisture budget reveals that the enhanced zonal asymmetry of the moisture tendency in CMIP6 is driven by the drying process to the west of the MJO convection, which is attributed to the negative vertical and zonal advections of moisture.