bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardio Phenotypic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Peterson Karen M. , Franchi Federico , Olthoff M. , Paulmurugan Ramasamy , Rodriguez‐Porcel Martin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCell therapy is being investigated as a powerful intervention to ameliorate the consequences of coronary artery disease. Among the different stem cell options, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are particularly attractive due to their high availability, as well as immune‐privileged status. However, it is still unclear whether mesenchymal stem cells can acquire cardiomyogenic characteristics after they are transplanted to the myocardium. In this article, we outline protocols that illustrate the plasticity of MSCs and their ability to acquire cardiogenic characteristics when they are in an ischemic‐like environment, as typically encountered after transplantation into the ischemic heart. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 26 July 2022. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol 1: Isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)Support Protocol 1: Characterization of MSCs by flow cytometryBasic Protocol 2: Isolation of neonatal cardiomyoctes (NCMs)Support Protocol 2: Characterization of NCMsBasic Protocol 3: Cardiogenic plasticity of MSCs under ischemic‐like conditionsSupport Protocol 3: Characterization of the cardiomyogenic potential of MSCs
The 17‐year outcome of 62 adult patients with longstanding eating disorders—A prospective study
Authors: Eielsen Hanna Punsvik , Vrabel KariAnne , Hoffart Asle , Rø Øyvind , Rosenvinge Jan H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveAlthough studies with short and intermediate observation time suggest favorable outcomes in regard to eating disorders (ED), there is limited knowledge on long‐term outcomes. The present study aimed to investigate the 5‐ and 17‐year outcome of adult patients with longstanding ED who were previously admitted to an inpatient ED unit. ED diagnoses and recovery, comorbid and general psychopathology, along with psychosocial functioning and quality of life were evaluated.MethodSixty‐two of the 80 living patients (78% response rate) with anorexia nervosa (n = 23), bulimia nervosa (n = 25), or other specified feeding or eating disorders (n = 14) at admission were evaluated. The mean age at the 17‐year follow‐up point was 46.2 (SD 7.5). The Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) was used to assess recovery. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) and self‐report instruments provided additional information.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in patients fulfilling criteria for an ED from the 5‐year to the 17‐year follow‐up, meanwhile recovery rates were stable. A total of 29% of the patients were fully recovered and 21% were partially recovered while the remaining 50% had not recovered. No significant changes were found in any self‐report measures and more than 70% had a comorbid disorder at both assessments.DiscussionThe findings illustrate the protracted nature of ED for adults with longstanding ED. A long illness duration prior to treatment is unfortunate and early detection and treatment is advisable.
Structural, Magnetic, and Electrochemical Characterization of Iron(III) and Cobalt Complexes with Penta‐N3O2‐dentate Ligands
Authors: Natke Dominik , Preiss Annika , Klimke Stephen , Shiga Takuya , Boca Roman , Ohba Masaaki , Oshio Hiroki , Renz Franz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSix new mononuclear [FeIII(LBr,Cl)X]‐complexes (LBr,Cl is the dianionic penta‐N3O2‐dentate Schiff base ligand N,N′‐bis(2’‐hydroxy‐3‐bromo‐5‐chlorobenzylidene)‐1,6‐diamino‐3‐azahexane; X: Cl−, N3−, NCO−, NCS−, NCSe−, CN−) were synthesized and their structures, magnetic and electrochemical properties studied. Structure analysis and magnetic measurements showed that [FeIII(LBr,Cl)CN] is in the low spin state and the other five complexes are in high spin states. Furthermore, the trinuclear mixed valent cobalt complex {[CoIII(LH,H)CN]2[CoII(1‐methylimidazole)3(H2O)]} was prepared and its magnetic behavior studied.
DMAP Mediated Efficient Construction of Functionalized Chromenes through One‐Pot Reaction of para‐Quinone Methides with Allenoates
Authors: Song Zefeng , Jia Yuping , Zhang Daizhou , Wang De 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA novel DMAP‐mediated Rauhut‐Currier/oxa‐Michael addition cascade reaction of hydroxylphenyl‐substituted para‐quinone methide with allenoate was reported for the first time. A series of functionalized chromenes were successfully obtained with moderate to good yields under this one‐pot cascade reaction. The chromene products could be easily transformed into different derivatives and a plausible mechanism was proposed to elucidate this novel reaction.
Estimation of the effective water diffusion coefficient in Nafion® membrane by water balance measurements
Authors: Chadha K. , Martemianov S. , Thomas A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractParameters estimation is important in fuel cell modelling and it remains a challenging task to predict. One of the most discussed parameters is the water diffusion coefficient in Nafion® membrane, which has a huge variation (10−9 and 10−5 cm2 s−1), based upon the viewpoints of different authors. In this article, the estimation of the effective water diffusion coefficient through water balance method is presented and the effects of relative humidity gradient and cell temperature are explained. The membrane used in this work is Nafion® NRE 211 tested at a temperature of 60°C and 70°C with air flows. The value of water flux passing through the membrane is used to calculate the effective diffusion coefficient. A value in the range of 1 × 10−7 to 4 × 10−7 cm2 s−1 is reported and it shows that the water balance method can be applied easily to measure an effective membrane water diffusion coefficient.
Nanog is a promising chemoresistant stemness marker and therapeutic target by iron chelators for esophageal cancer
Authors: Narusaka Toru , Ohara Toshiaki , Noma Kazuhiro , Nishiwaki Noriyuki , Katsura Yuki , Kato Takuya , Sato Hiroaki , Tomono Yasuko , Kikuchi Satoru , Tazawa Hiroshi , Shirakawa Yasuhiro , Matsukawa Akihiro , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEsophageal cancer is a disease showing poor prognosis. Although combination chemotherapy using cisplatin (CDDP) and 5‐fluorouracil is standard for unresectable esophageal cancer, the response rate is 35%. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and inflammation are reportedly responsible for the poor prognosis of esophageal cancer. However, comprehensive analyses have not been conducted and proposals for progress remain lacking. Iron is known to be a key factor in the stemness of CSCs. Our study focused on the therapeutic potential of iron control using iron chelators for CSCs in esophageal cancer. Among 134 immunohistochemically analyzed cases, Nanog expression was high in 98 cases and low in 36 cases. High Nanog expression correlated with low overall and disease‐free survivals. The iron chelators deferasirox (DFX) and SP10 suppressed the proliferation and expression of stemness markers in TE8 and OE33 cells. DFX and SP10 did not induce compensatory interleukin (IL)‐6 secretion, although CDDP did result in high induction. Moreover, BBI608 and SSZ, as other CSC‐targeting drugs, could not suppress the expression of stemness markers. Overall, Nanog expression appears related to poor prognosis in esophageal cancer patients, and inhibition of stemness and compensatory IL‐6 secretion by iron chelators may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for esophageal cancer.
Comparison of preoperative serum neopterin, periostin, indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase, YKL‐40, and tenascin‐C levels with current tumor markers for early‐stage endometrial cancer
Authors: Unuvar Songul , Melekoglu Rauf , Turkmen Nese B. , Yilmaz Ercan , Yasar Seyma , Yuce Hande 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the predictive value of serum levels of neopterin, periostin, YKL‐40, tenascin‐C (TNC), and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) with current tumor markers for the primary diagnosis of early‐stage endometrial cancer.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional study was conducted between January 2020 and November 2020. A total of 59 patients (38 women newly diagnosed with early‐stage endometrial cancer [study group] and 21 women with benign endometrial pathologies [control group]) were enrolled. Blood samples were collected prior to surgery and underwent immunoassay analysis.ResultsCarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), periostin, and IDO levels were significantly higher in the study group than the control group (P = 0.008, P = 0.034, and P = 0.003, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that IDO, periostin, and CEA were good predictors of early‐stage endometrial cancer (AUC = 0.733, 95% CI, 0.602–0.840, P < 0.002; AUC = 0.668, 95% CI, 0.533–0.785, P = 0.018; and AUC = 0.709, 95% CI, 0.576–0.820, P = 0.002, respectively). Correlation analysis revealed no significant correlation of any biomarker with age or body mass index in either the control or study group.ConclusionSerum CEA, periostin, and IDO levels were significantly higher in women with endometrial cancer than in those without cancer. These results may help identify new markers for diagnosing endometrial cancer.
Skin lesion segmentation based on mask RCNN, Multi Atrous Full‐CNN, and a geodesic method
Authors: Bagheri Fatemeh , Tarokh Mohammad Jafar , Ziaratban Majid 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAutomatic accurate skin lesion segmentation systems are very helpful for timely diagnosis and treatment of skin cancers. Recently, methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) have presented powerful performances and good results in biomedical applications. In the proposed method, a novel structure based on Mask RCNN, a proposed CNN, and a geodesic segmentation method is presented to improve the performance of the skin lesion segmentation. Lesions are detected and segmented by the Mask R‐CNN in the first stage. A multi‐atrous full convolutional neural network (MAFCNN) is proposed to combine outputs of the Mask RCNN and the input image to present more accurate segmentation results. To modify boundary of the lesion segmented by the MAFCNN, a geodesic segmentation method is used. Some parts of the segmentation result of the proposed CNN are utilized as labeled pixels for the geodesic method. Results demonstrate that using the proposed MAFCNN in a novel structure followed by the geodesic method significantly improves the mean Jaccard value. Experiments on five well‐known skin image datasets show that the proposed method outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
New insights in chemical reactivity from quantum chemical topology
Authors: Klein Johanna , Fleurat‐Lessard Paul , Pilmé Julien 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBased on the quantum chemical topology of the modified electron localization function ELFx, an efficient and robust mechanistic methodology designed to identify the favorable reaction pathway between two reactants is proposed. We first recall and reshape how the supermolecular interaction energy can be evaluated from only three distinct terms, namely the intermolecular coulomb energy, the intermolecular exchange‐correlation energy and the intramolecular energies of reactants. Thereafter, we show that the reactivity between the reactants is driven by the first‐order variation in the coulomb intermolecular energy defined in terms of the response to changes in the number of electrons. Illustrative examples with the formation of the dative bond B‐N involved in the BH3NH3 molecule and the typical formation of the hydrogen bond in the canonical water dimer are presented. For these selected systems, our approach unveils a noticeable mimicking of Edual onto the DFT intermolecular interaction energy surface calculated between the both reactants. An automated reaction‐path algorithm aimed to determine the most favorable relative orientations when the two molecules approach each other is also outlined.
Small extracellular vesicles ameliorate peripheral neuropathy and enhance chemotherapy of oxaliplatin on ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhang Yi , Li Chao , Qin Yi , Cepparulo Pasquale , Millman Michael , Chopp Michael , Kemper Amy , Szalad Alexandra , Lu Xuerong , Wang Lei , Zhang Zheng Gang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThere are no effective treatments for chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) facilitate intercellular communication and mediate nerve function and tumour progression. We found that the treatment of mice bearing ovarian tumour with sEVs derived from cerebral endothelial cells (CEC‐sEVs) in combination with a chemo‐drug, oxaliplatin, robustly reduced oxaliplatin‐induced CIPN by decreasing oxaliplatin‐damaged myelination and nerve fibres of the sciatic nerve and significantly amplified chemotherapy of oxaliplatin by reducing tumour size. The combination therapy substantially increased a set of sEV cargo‐enriched miRNAs, but significantly reduced oxaliplatin‐increased proteins in the sciatic nerve and tumour tissues. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the altered miRNAs and proteins formed two distinct networks that regulate neuropathy and tumour growth, respectively. Intravenously administered CEC‐sEVs were internalized by axons of the sciatic nerve and cancer cells. Reduction of CEC‐sEV cargo miRNAs abolished the effects of CEC‐sEVs on oxaliplatin‐inhibited axonal growth and on amplification of the anti‐cancer effect in ovarian cancer cells, suggesting that alterations in the networks of miRNAs and proteins in recipient cells contribute to the therapeutic effect of CEC‐sEVs on CIPN. Together, the present study demonstrates that CEC‐sEVs suppressed CIPN and enhanced chemotherapy of oxaliplatin in the mouse bearing ovarian tumour.
The novel interaction mode among centromere sub‐complex CENP‐O/P/U/Q/R
Authors: Cao Beibei , Zhao Congcong , Zhang Yu , Wang Xiaoyu , Ye Jingjing , Hu Liqiao , He Xiaojing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe kinetochore is essential for the accurate segregation of sister chromosome in the eukaryote cell. Among the kinetochore subunits, five proteins CENP‐O/P/U/Q/R form a stable complex, referred to as CENP‐O class, and are required for proper kinetochore function. Although the function and structure of yeast COMA complex (CENP‐O/P/U/Q homologs) have been revealed extensively, the assembly mechanism and detail interactions among human CENP‐O class are significantly different and remain largely unclear. Here, we identified the fragment (residues 241‐360) of CENP‐U and the C‐terminal half of CENP‐Q are essential to form a hetero‐complex and interact with CENP‐O/P sub‐complex in vitro. We for the first time showed that CENP‐R does not directly interact with CENP‐O/P in vitro, but indeed interact with CENP‐U and CENP‐Q. Furthermore, both the N‐ and C‐terminus of CENP‐R are required for the interaction with CENP‐U and CENP‐Q. Our research pinpointed a novel interaction pattern that might shed light on the assembly mechanism of vertebrate CENP‐O class.
Extreme freezing in the Sonoran Desert, Mexico: Intense and short‐duration events
Authors: Cortés‐Ramos Jorge , Farfán Luis M. , Brito‐Castillo Luis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFreezing temperatures are responsible for population and ecosystem damage, and their spatial extent, frequency, and duration may change in a warming world. Few studies are available concerning the analysis of extreme freezing in Mexico, and none have evaluated the probability of occurrence. This study identified the characteristics of past and recent events by applying the statistical crossing theory method to calculate the cumulative density function (CDF) of the minimum temperature (Tmin) values throughout the Sonoran Desert, including the Baja California Peninsula. Based on observations, spatial and temporal freezing evolution has been described during the period from 1970 to 2010, for which Tmin is less than 0°C and less than the fifth percentile of the monthly Tmin. Since 1970, a quasi‐homogeneous decrease has been observed in the number of freezing days. Extreme freezing was less frequent and severe during the early 1990s, which continued during the early 21st century when intense and persistent short events exhibited return periods above 20 years. After the 1990s, longer recurrence intervals for extreme Tmin, which overlapped with the increase in Tmin, implied a change in stationarity. This study found that cold‐season warming lead to less‐frequent severe freezing and a probability of change. These results represent a quantitative benchmark for current and upcoming validations of climate change scenarios.
Enhancing Oil Recovery by Low Concentration of Alkylaryl Sulfonate Surfactant without Ultralow Interfacial Tension
Authors: Zhan Fuxing , Gong Lingyan , Luan Huoxin , Chen Quansheng , Liao Guangzhi , Feng Yujun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSurfactant flooding plays a critical role in chemically enhanced oil recovery over the last half century, with the widely accepted mechanism of ultralow interfacial tension (IFT) by forming middle‐phase microemulsions with high concentration of a lead surfactant and a cosurfactant. However, it is found practically from field trials that high oil recovery efficiency can be obtained from low concentration surfactant flooding without forming microemulsions, and the principle behind has not been clearly unraveled yet. Here the solubilization of paraffin oil by the micelles formed with a commercial enhanced oil recovery surfactant, raw naphthenic arylsulfonates (NAS), was investigated using ultraviolet‐visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is found that paraffin oil can be well solubilized inside the NAS micelles, and mainly localized in the hydrophobic core of the micelles. The solubilization capacity of NAS micelles increases with increasing its concentration, and the size of micelles increases, but morphology of the micelles remains spherical with increasing the amount of paraffin oil, along with an appearance transition from transparent to opaque until the maximum solubilization capacity is reached. Core flooding results with crude oil indicate that in the presence of 0.24 wt.% polymer, addition of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 wt.% NAS can get oil recovery factor of 24.1%, 27.0%, 30.5%, and 38.3%, which increases linearly with increasing NAS concentration though with the interfacial tension values only in the magnitude of 10−2 mN m−1 level. These findings prove preliminarily micellar solubilization can help increasing oil recovery efficiency even without ultralow IFT.
A new method of extracting polyphenols from honey using a biosorbent compared to the commercial resin amberlite XAD2
Authors: Neggad Abdelhamid , Benkaci‐Ali Farid , Laurent Sophie , Ayata Gamze 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA new extraction method of polyphenols from honey using a biodegradable resin was developed and compared with the common commercial resin amberlite XAD2. For this purpose, three honey samples of Algerian origin were selected for the different physicochemical and biochemical parameters study. After extraction of the target compounds by both resins, the polyphenol content was determined, the antioxidant activity was tested, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses were performed for identification and quantification. The results showed that physicochemical and biochemical parameters meet the norms of the International Honey Commission, and the H1 sample seemed to be of high quality. The optimal conditions of extraction by biodegradable resin were a pH of 3, an adsorption dose of 40 g/L, a contact time of 50 min, an extraction temperature of 60°C, and no stirring. The regeneration and reuse number of both resins was three cycles. The polyphenol contents demonstrated a higher extraction efficiency of biosorbent than of XAD2, especially in H1. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses allowed for the identification and quantification of 15 compounds in the different honey samples extracted using both resins and the most abundant compound was 3,4,5‐trimethoxybenzoic acid. In addition, the biosorbent extracts showed stronger antioxidant activities than the XAD2 extracts.
Application of rice straw and horse manure coameliorated soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community: Impacts on structure and diversity in a degraded field in Eastern China
Authors: Liu Zihao , Bai Jianfeng , Qin Hua , Sun Dongnian , Li Minghui , Hu Junli , Lin Xiangui 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOrganic amendments are powerful tools for mitigating land degradation, improving soil fertility and biodiversity. Nevertheless, changes in the diversity and activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi during the initial period of soil restoration under different organic amendments (e.g., crop residues and livestock manure) remains poorly understood despite their growing roles in improving soil sustainability. We conducted a six‐month experiment with the application of rice straw (RS), horse manure (HM), and both amendments (RH) to an artificially degraded field in Eastern China, and the AM fungal community structure was assessed through Illumina sequencing. The dominance (35.2%) of the identified operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonged toGlomus, whereas the majority (66.0%) of the recovered sequence reads belonged toParaglomus. Although no notable changes in AM fungal abundance were observed, the relative abundance ofClaroideoglomussignificantly increased (p < .05) to 4.3% in the HM‐treated soil compared with that in the control (0.1%), andAcaulosporawas only detected in the three treated soils. In addition to shaping AM fungal communities, the RH appeared to be the strongest treatment for increasing AM fungal diversity, alkaline phosphatase activity, and glomalin‐related soil protein (GRSP) concentrations, and these parameters were positively correlated (p < .05) with edaphic factors, notably the organic carbon concentration. Furthermore, GRSP could be used as an ecological indicator of AM fungal functioning. This study highlights that the combined application of crop residues and livestock manure could have synergistic effects that help to ameliorate the community structure and diversity of AM fungi in degraded fields.
A potent neutralizing nanobody against SARS‐CoV‐2 with inhaled delivery potential
Authors: Gai Junwei , Ma Linlin , Li Guanghui , Zhu Min , Qiao Peng , Li Xiaofei , Zhang Haiwei , Zhang Yanmin , Chen Yadong , Ji Weiwei , Zhang Hao , Cao Huanhuan , Li Xionghui , Gong Rui , Wan Yakun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has become a serious burden on global public health. Although therapeutic drugs against COVID‐19 have been used in many countries, their efficacy is still limited. We here reported nanobody (Nb) phage display libraries derived from four camels immunized with the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike receptor‐binding domain (RBD), from which 381 Nbs were identified to recognize SARS‐CoV‐2‐RBD. Furthermore, seven Nbs were shown to block interaction of human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) with SARS‐CoV‐2‐RBD variants and two Nbs blocked the interaction of human ACE2 with bat‐SL‐CoV‐WIV1‐RBD and SARS‐CoV‐1‐RBD. Among these candidates, Nb11‐59 exhibited the highest activity against authentic SARS‐CoV‐2 with 50% neutralizing dose (ND50) of 0.55 μg/ml. Nb11‐59 can be produced on large scale in Pichia pastoris, with 20 g/L titer and 99.36% purity. It also showed good stability profile, and nebulization did not impact its stability. Overall, Nb11‐59 might be a promising prophylactic and therapeutic molecule against COVID‐19, especially through inhalation delivery.