bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of scholars who review for predatory and legitimate journals: linkage study of Cabells Scholarly Analytics and Publons data
Authors: Severin Anna , Strinzel Michaela , Egger Matthias , Domingo Marc , Barros Tiago 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo describe and compare the characteristics of scholars who reviewed for predatory or legitimate journals in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics and reviewing and publishing behaviour.DesignLinkage of random samples of predatory journals and legitimate journals of the Cabells Scholarly Analytics’ journal lists with the Publons database, employing the Jaro-Winkler string metric. Descriptive analysis of sociodemographic characteristics and reviewing and publishing behaviour of scholars for whom reviews were found in the Publons database.SettingPeer review of journal articles.ParticipantsReviewers who submitted peer review reports to Publons.MeasurementsNumbers of reviews for predatory journals and legitimate journals per reviewer. Academic age of reviewers, the total number of reviews, number of publications and number of reviews and publications per year.ResultsAnalyses included 183 743 unique reviews submitted to Publons by 19 598 reviewers. Six thousand and seventy-seven reviews were for 1160 predatory journals (3.31% of all reviews) and 177 666 reviews for 6403 legitimate journals (96.69%). Most scholars never submitted reviews for predatory journals (90.0% of all scholars); few scholars (7.6%) reviewed occasionally or rarely (1.9%) for predatory journals. Very few scholars submitted reviews predominantly or exclusively for predatory journals (0.26% and 0.35%, respectively). The latter groups of scholars were of younger academic age and had fewer publications and reviews than the first groups. Regions with the highest shares of predatory reviews were sub-Saharan Africa (21.8% reviews for predatory journals), Middle East and North Africa (13.9%) and South Asia (7.0%), followed by North America (2.1%), Latin America and the Caribbean (2.1%), Europe and Central Asia (1.9%) and East Asia and the Pacific (1.5%).ConclusionTo tackle predatory journals, universities, funders and publishers need to consider the entire research workflow and educate reviewers on concepts of quality and legitimacy in scholarly publishing.
Comparative effectiveness of combined antiplatelet treatments in acute minor ischaemic stroke
Authors: Kim Shina , Kim Joon-Tae , Lee Ji Sung , Kim Beom Joon , Park Jong-Moo , Kang Kyusik , Lee Soo Joo , Kim Jae Guk , Cha Jae-Kwan , Kim Dae-Hyun , Park Tai Hwan , Park Sang-Soon , Lee Kyung Bok , Lee Jun , Hong Keun-Sik , Cho Yong-Jin , Park Hong-Kyun , Lee Byung-Chul , Yu Kyung-Ho , Oh Mi Sun , Kim Dong-Eog , Ryu Wi-Sun , Choi Jay Chol , Kwon Jee-Hyun , Kim Wook-Joo , Shin Dong-Ick , Sohn Sung-Il , Hong Jeong-Ho , Park Man-Seok , Choi Kang-Ho , Cho Ki-Hyun , Lee Juneyoung , Bae Hee-Joon 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundNo study has thoroughly compared the effectiveness of combined antiplatelet treatments (other than clopidogrel–aspirin) versus clopidogrel–aspirin or aspirin alone for early secondary prevention in acute ischaemic stroke.MethodsWe identified patients with acute, minor, non-cardiogenic ischaemic stroke treated with aspirin alone, clopidogrel–aspirin or other combination treatment. Propensity scores considering the inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to adjust for baseline imbalances. The primary outcome was the composite of all strokes (ischaemic or haemorrhagic), myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality at 3 months.ResultsAmong 12 234 patients (male: 61.9%; age: 65.5±13 years) who met the eligibility criteria, aspirin, clopidogrel–aspirin and other combination treatments were administered in 52.2%, 42.9% and 4.9% of patients, respectively. In the crude analysis, the primary outcome event at 3 months occurred in 14.5% of the other combination group, 14.4% of the aspirin group and 13.0% of the clopidogrel–aspirin group. In the weighted Cox proportional hazards analysis, the 3-month primary outcome event occurred less frequently in the clopidogrel–aspirin group than in the other combination group (weighted HR: 0.82 (0.59–1.13)), while no association was found between the aspirin group (weighted HR: 1.04 (0.76–1.44)) or other combination group and the 3-month primary outcome.ConclusionOther combined antiplatelet treatment, compared with aspirin alone or clopidogrel–aspirin, was not associated with reduced risks of primary composite vascular events or recurrent stroke during the first 3 months after stroke. Therefore, the results suggest that other combination treatments, particularly the cilostazol-based combination, may not be effective alternatives for clopidogrel–aspirin to prevent early vascular events in patients with acute minor stroke. Further exploration in clinical trials will be needed.
Quantitative analysis of intermuscular septa in the leg: implications for trauma surgery
Authors: Agandi Lorreen , Fuller Kristina , Sonderman Kristin , Tisherman Samuel , Puche Adam C 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundCompartment syndrome is the excess swelling within an inelastic compartment leading to excessive compartment pressure. Lower limb trauma has a high risk of compartment syndrome, which is typically mitigated using a two-incision fasciotomy. Our previous findings showed surgeons sometimes perform incomplete fasciotomies due to misidentifying the septum between the lateral and superficial posterior compartments as the septum between the anterior and lateral compartments. We conjectured this may be due to variability in the septal position between individuals leading to misinterpretation of the septal identity.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed using CT angiograms to analyze septal position between the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg of 100 patients randomly selected from the University of Maryland Shock Trauma Center database.ResultsAnalysis of septal position showed that (1) as the septum progresses distally down the leg, the relative septum position shifts anteriorly; and that (2) there was considerable variability in the intermuscular septum position between individuals even when accounting for the anterior to posterior progression of septal position.DiscussionThis variability could lead to erroneous septal identification in individuals with a very anteriorly located septum during a leg fasciotomy with the classic initial incision being insufficiently anterior. We propose making the lateral initial incision ‘two finger breadths posterior the tibia’ rather than the traditional ‘one finger breadth anterior’ to the fibula. This moves the initial incision slightly anteriorly, uses the more readily palpable tibia, and makes the medial and lateral incisions symmetrical at ‘two finger breadths’ from the tibia, simplifying the procedure.Level of evidenceLevel 3.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Quasi-dimensional models applied to kinetic and exchange energy density functionals
Authors: Urso Vittoria , Constantin Lucian A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigate the behavior of three-dimensional 3D exchange energy functional of density-functional theory in anisotropic systems with two-dimensional 2D character and 1D character. The local density approximation (LDA), the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and the meta-GGA behave as functions of quantum well width. We use the infinite-barrier model (IBM) for the quantum well. In the first section, we describe the problem of three-dimensional exchange functional, in the second section we introduce the quasi-2D IBM system, in the third section we introduce the quasi-1D IBM system. Using that an exact-exchange functional provides the correct approach to the true two-dimensional limit, we want to show that the 2D limit can be considered as a constraint on approximate functionals. For the 1D limit case we also propose a new functional obtained with methods completely similar to those of 2D limit.
QCD factorization of the four-lepton decay $$B^-\rightarrow \ell \bar{\nu }_\ell \ell ^{(\prime )} \bar{\ell }^{(\prime )}$$
Authors: Beneke Martin , Böer Philipp , Rigatos Panagiotis , Vos K. Keri 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMotivated by the first search for the rare charged-current B decay to four leptons, $$\ell \bar{\nu }_\ell \ell ^{(\prime )} \bar{\ell }^{(\prime )}$$

ℓ

ν

¯

ℓ

ℓ

(
′
)

ℓ

¯

(
′
)

, we calculate the decay amplitude with factorization methods. We obtain the $$B\rightarrow \gamma ^*$$

B
→

γ
∗

form factors, which depend on the invariant masses of the two lepton pairs, at leading power in an expansion in $$\Lambda _\mathrm{QCD}/m_b$$

Λ
QCD

/

m
b

to next-to-leading order in $$\alpha _s$$

α
s

, and at $$\mathcal {O}(\alpha _s^0)$$

O
(

α
s
0

)

at next-to-leading power. Our calculations predict branching fractions of a few times $$10^{-8}$$

10

-
8

in the $$\ell ^{(\prime )} \bar{\ell }^{(\prime )}$$

ℓ

(
′
)

ℓ

¯

(
′
)

mass-squared bin up to $$q^2=1~$$

q
2

=
1

GeV$$^2$$

2

with $$n_+q>3~$$

n
+

q
>
3

GeV. The branching fraction rapidly drops with increasing $$q^2$$

q
2

. An important further motivation for this investigation has been to explore the sensitivity of the decay rate to the inverse moment $$\lambda _B$$

λ
B

of the leading-twist B meson light-cone distribution amplitude. We find that in the small-$$q^2$$

q
2

bin, the sensitivity to $$\lambda _B$$

λ
B

is almost comparable to $$B^- \rightarrow \mathrm {\ell }^- \bar{\nu }_{\mathrm {\ell }}\gamma $$

B
-

→

ℓ

-

ν

¯

ℓ

γ

when $$\lambda _B$$

λ
B

is small, but with an added uncertainty from the light-meson intermediate resonance contribution. The sensitivity degrades with larger $$q^2$$

q
2

.
Charged black hole and radiating solutions in entangled relativity
Authors: Minazzoli Olivier , Santos Edison 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this manuscript, we show that the external Schwarzschild metric can be a good approximation of exact black hole solutions of entangled relativity. Since entangled relativity cannot be defined from vacuum, the demonstrations need to rely on the definition of matter fields. The electromagnetic field being the easiest (and perhaps the only) existing matter field with infinite range to consider, we study the case of a charged black hole – for which the solution of entangled relativity and a dilaton theory agree – as well as the case of a pure radiation – for which the solution of entangled relativity and general relativity seem to agree, despite an apparent ambiguity in the field equations. Based on these results, we argue that the external Schwarzschild metric is an appropriate mathematical idealization of a spherical black hole in entangled relativity. The extension to rotating cases is briefly discussed.
Opinion Dynamics Optimization by Varying Susceptibility to Persuasion via Non-Convex Local Search
Authors: Abebe Rediet , Chan T.-H. HUBERT , Kleinberg Jon , Liang Zhibin , Parkes David , Sozio Mauro , Tsourakakis Charalampos E. 
Published: July 2021

A long line of work in social psychology has studied variations in people’s susceptibility to persuasion—the extent to which they are willing to modify their opinions on a topic. This body of literature suggests an interesting perspective on theoretical models of opinion formation by interacting parties in a network: in addition to considering interventions that directly modify people’s intrinsic opinions, it is also natural to consider interventions that modify people’s susceptibility to persuasion.
In this work, motivated by this fact, we propose an influence optimization problem. Specifically, we adopt a popular model for social opinion dynamics, where each agent has some fixed innate opinion, and a resistance that measures the importance it places on its innate opinion; agents influence one another’s opinions through an iterative process. Under certain conditions, this iterative process converges to some equilibrium opinion vector. For the unbudgeted variant of the problem, the goal is to modify the resistance of any number of agents (within some given range) such that the sum of the equilibrium opinions is minimized; for the budgeted variant, in addition the algorithm is given upfront a restriction on the number of agents whose resistance may be modified.
We prove that the objective function is in general non-convex. Hence, formulating the problem as a convex program as in an early version of this work (Abebe et al., KDD’18) might have potential correctness issues. We instead analyze the structure of the objective function, and show that any local optimum is also a global optimum, which is somehow surprising as the objective function might not be convex. Furthermore, we combine the iterative process and the local search paradigm to design very efficient algorithms that can solve the unbudgeted variant of the problem optimally on large-scale graphs containing millions of nodes. Finally, we propose and evaluate experimentally a family of heuristics for the budgeted variant of the problem.
Rethinking Cancer Clinical Trial Conduct Induced by COVID-19: An Academic Center, Industry, Government, and Regulatory Agency Perspective
Authors: Flaherty Keith T. , Doroshow James H. , Galbraith Susan , Ribas Antoni , Kluetz Paul G. , Pazdur Richard , Theoret Marc R. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Summary:
The COVID-19 pandemic brought about major changes in cancer clinical trials. In its aftermath, the community has an opportunity to incorporate some of these changes as part of the future of trial conduct to make it more patient centered.
From Fiscal Diversity to Fiscal Convergence: Franciscan Monasteries in the Sanjak of Bosna during the First Century of Ottoman Rule
Authors: Ursinus Michael 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The present contribution is an attempt to analyse and conceptualise all available information concerning the principal Franciscan monasteries in Central Bosnia from the Ottoman tax survey registers of the fifteenth and first half of the sixteenth centuries. Many features in the monks’ fiscal status at this period are shared with the müste’min or foreigner from abroad, a status which appears to be based on the ahdnames granted by Sultan Mehmed Fatih. Yet at the same time, individual monasteries can be shown to have been placed under different tax regimes. It is only towards the later period that a high degree of fiscal convergence can be observed, resulting in a stereotype wording of the relevant entries in the tax survey registers.
Double Clause Conjunction in Fifteenth and Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Documents: The Case of -Ub ve
Authors: Römer Claudia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Ottoman gerund in -Ub functions as a conjunctor and designates a unidirectional ‘and’ relation. Sometimes, a second conjunctor like ve, ammâ, lâkin is added after -Ub. Erich Prokosch (Studien zur Grammatik des Osmanisch-Türkischen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Vulgärosmanisch-Türkischen, Freiburg: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 1980, pp. 145–46) thought this double clause conjunction to happen only when the subjects (first actants) and/or diatheses are different from one another in the two clauses, i.e. in the basis segment and the gerundial segment. However, in this article, we try to show that in documents (and other Ottoman prose texts), one may also witness a shift of perspective, scene, plot, group of people, or even a total change of topic.
Care of God as Care of the Self: Foucault, Gnosis, and Curation of the Divine Mirror in John of Morigny’s Ninth Vision
Authors: Fanger Claire 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article draws on Foucault’s understanding of “thought” as “freedom” and his description of “care of the self,” connecting these concepts with the account of a vision of Christ recorded by the fourteenth-century French monk, John of Morigny (fl 1300–1315). I argue that John’s account reflects “thought” as “freedom” very much in the Foucaldian sense, even as it defers to Christ as the authority to whom the monk vows obedience. In the first part of the article I outline ways in which Foucault’s thought both is and is not “theological.” Since Foucault draws on Christian models, and John’s visionary practice involves repentance and confession, it might seem to be almost a too-perfect prototype of the self-care Foucault was interested in; yet the results of the analysis are unexpected. The vision, is induced by John’s own unorthodox prayer practice, begins with Christ appearing in penitential garb and asking to confess his own sin to John of Morigny. I demonstrate that it is only possible to make sense of this vision by looking at the ways Christ acts as an intimate mirror of John’s self, reflecting the stance and penitential practice John must follow to reconcile himself with God.
“From My Body Alone Do I Know This”: Sacrament & Scripture as Technologies of the Self in the Work of Jacob Böhme
Authors: Gentzke Joshua Levi Ian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This essay employs Michel Foucault’s typology of technologies to elucidate the relationship between early modern Eucharistic polemics, scriptural hermeneutics, and the practice of self-creation in the work of Jacob Böhme (1575–1624). Böhme’s work has often been dismissed as philosophically and theologically incoherent. Yet when understood as a therapeutic practice of self-transformation, what might appear to be madness can be seen as method. I demonstrate that Böhme created a program of “spiritual exercises,” rooted in the corporeal imagination, which absorbed and subverted religious power by reinterpreting two institutional “technologies of power” – the Eucharist and scriptural hermeneutics – and synthesizing them into a “technology of the self.” I show that Böhme drew upon esoteric thought to radicalize early modern Protestantism, transforming it from a form of religious protest bent on institutional reform into a countercultural spirituality centered on self-creation. Thus, Böhme developed a creative hermeneutics that appropriated and rejected aspects of competing Protestant modes of sacramental and scriptural interpretation to formulate an erotic gnosis of self and world exploration.
Forecasting excessive rainfall with random forests and a deterministic convection-allowing model
Authors: Hill Aaron J. , Schumacher Russ S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractApproximately seven years of daily initializations from the convection-allowing National Severe Storms Laboratory Weather Research and Forecasting model are used as inputs to train random forest (RF) machine learning models to probabilistically predict instances of excessive rainfall. Unlike other hazards, excessive rainfall does not have an accepted definition, so multiple definitions of excessive rainfall and flash flooding – including flash flood reports and 24-hr average recurrence intervals (ARIs) – are used to explore RF configuration forecast sensitivities. RF forecasts are analogous to operational Weather Prediction Center (WPC) day-1 Excessive Rainfall Outlooks (EROs) and their resolution, reliability, and skill are strongly influenced by rainfall definitions and how inputs are assembled for training. Models trained with 1-y ARI exceedances defined by the Stage-IV (ST4) precipitation analysis perform poorly in the northern Great Plains and southwest U.S., in part due to a high bias in the number of training events in these regions. Increasing the ARI threshold to 2 years or removing ST4 data from training, optimizing forecast skill geographically, and spatially averaging meteorological inputs for training generally results in improved CONUS-wide RF forecast skill. Both EROs and RF forecasts have seasonal skill – poor forecasts in the late fall and winter and skillful forecasts in the summer and early fall. However, the EROs are consistently and significantly better than their RF counterparts, regardless of RF configuration, particularly in the summer months. The results suggest careful consideration should be made when developing ML-based probabilistic precipitation forecasts with convection-allowing model inputs, and further development is necessary to consider these forecast products for operational implementation.
Preferences Toward COVID-19 Diagnostic Testing Features: Results From a National Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Katare Bhagyashree , Zhao Shuoli , Cuffey Joel , Marshall Maria I. , Valdivia Corinne 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Describe preferences toward COVID-19 testing features (method, location, hypothetical monetary incentive) and simulate the effect of monetary incentives on willingness to test. Design: Online cross-sectional survey administered in July 2020. Subjects: 1,505 nationally representative U.S. respondents. Measures: Choice of preferred COVID-19 testing options in discrete choice experiment. Options differed by method (nasal-swab, saliva), location (hospital/clinic, drive-through, at-home), and monetary incentive ($0, $10, $20). Analysis: Latent class conditional logit model to classify preferences, mixed logit model to simulate incentive effectiveness. Results: Preferences were categorized into 4 groups: 34% (n = 517) considered testing comfort (saliva versus nasal swab) most important, 27% (n = 408) were willing to trade comfort for monetary incentives, 19% (n = 287) would only test at convenient locations, 20% (n = 293) avoided testing altogether. Relative to no monetary incentives, incentives of $100 increased the percent of testing avoiders (16%) and convenience seekers (70%) that were willing to test. Conclusion: Preferences toward different COVID-19 testing features vary, highlighting the need to match testing features with individuals to monitor the spread of COVID-19.
Impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Results from a multi-center prospective cohort
Authors: Kasturi Shanthini , Price Lori Lyn , Paushkin Vasilissa , Salmon Jane E , McAlindon Timothy E , Mandl Lisa A 
Published: July 2021

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Patients with SLE participating in a multi-center longitudinal cohort study in New York and Boston were invited to complete a supplemental web-based questionnaire in the summer of 2020. Participants completed standardized patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures and a combination of Likert scale and open-ended questions exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their health and access to health care. Changes in PROs were evaluated with paired t-tests and frequencies of worsened symptoms were calculated. A thematic qualitative analysis was conducted on free text responses. Results Of 97 patients invited, 63 (65%) completed a supplemental questionnaire. Nearly 50% of respondents exhibited increases in anxiety (47.5%) and depression (48.3%) and over 40% scored worse in measures of pain interference, fatigue, and cognitive abilities. Respondents with pre-existing diagnoses of anxiety did not differ from other participants in PRO scores, but were more than three times as likely to report worsened health status. Patients denied difficulties accessing medications (85%) or medical care (84%) and over 50% participated in telehealth visits. Anxiety and increased health risks due to immunosuppression were recurring themes in free text responses. Conclusions SLE patients experienced a significant physical and emotional toll in the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Comprehensive patient-centered care, including monitoring and addressing anxiety and health-related quality of life, is critical to improving health outcomes in this population during the ongoing health crisis.