bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large $$N_\mathrm{f}$$ for multiple representations
Authors: Cacciapaglia Giacomo , Vatani Shahram 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe present an extension of the large-$$N_\mathrm{f}$$

N
f

formalism that allows one to study cases with multiple fermion representations. The pole structure in the beta function is traced back to the intrinsic non-abelian nature of the gauge group, independently from the fermion representation. This result validates the conjectured existence of an interactive UV fixed point for non-abelian gauge theories with large fermion multiplicity. Finally, we apply our results to chiral gauge theories.
High frequency background gravitational waves from spontaneous emission of gravitons by hydrogen and helium
Authors: Hu Jiawei , Yu Hongwei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA direct consequence of quantization of gravity would be the existence of gravitons. Therefore, spontaneous transition of an atom from an excited state to a lower-lying energy state accompanied with the emission of a graviton is expected. In this paper, we take the gravitons emitted by hydrogen and helium in the Universe after recombination as a possible source of high frequency background gravitational waves, and calculate the energy density spectrum. Explicit calculations show that the most prominent contribution comes from the$$3d-1s$$3d-1stransition of singly ionized helium$$\mathrm {He}^{+}$$He+, which gives a peak in frequency at$$\sim 10^{13}$$∼1013Hz. Although the corresponding energy density is too small to be detected even with state-of-the-art technology today, we believe that the spontaneous emission of$$\mathrm {He}^{+}$$He+is a natural source of high frequency gravitational waves, since it is a direct consequence if we accept that the basic quantum principles we are already familiar with apply as well to a quantum theory of gravity.
General solutions to $$\mathcal {N}$$-field cosmology with exponential potentials
Authors: Christodoulidis Perseas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe construct the general analytical solution for the $$\mathcal {N}$$
N
-field product-exponential potential in an expanding FLRW background. We demonstrate the relevance of this analytical solution in more general contexts for the derivation of estimates for the transitional time between an arbitrary initial state and the slow-roll solutions. In certain cases, these estimates can also be used to demonstrate the non-linear convergence towards the slow-roll solutions. In addition, we extend the solution to include stiff matter as well.
Cosmological dynamics of dark energy in scalar-torsion $$f(T,\phi )$$ gravity
Authors: Gonzalez-Espinoza Manuel , Otalora Giovanni 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is investigated the cosmological dynamics of scalar-torsion $$f(T,\phi )$$

f
(
T
,
ϕ
)

gravity as a dark energy model, where T is the torsion scalar of teleparallel gravity and $$\phi $$
ϕ
is a canonical scalar field. In this context, we are concerned with the phenomenology of the class of models with non-linear coupling to gravity and exponential potential. We obtain the critical points of the autonomous system, along with the stability conditions of each one of them and their cosmological properties. Particularly, we show the existence of new attractors with accelerated expansion, as well as, new scaling solutions in which the energy density of dark energy scales as the background fluid density, thus, defining the so-called scaling radiation and scaling matter epochs. The scaling solutions are saddle points, and therefore, the system exits these solutions to the current epoch of cosmic acceleration, towards an attractor point describing the dark energy-dominated era.
Beta‐Blocker Use Is Associated With Prevention of Left Ventricular Remodeling in Recovered Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Enzan Nobuyuki , Matsushima Shouji , Ide Tomomi , Kaku Hidetaka , Tohyama Takeshi , Funakoshi Kouta , Higo Taiki , Tsutsui Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2021

Background
Withdrawal of optimal medical therapy has been reported to relapse cardiac dysfunction in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) whose cardiac function had improved. However, it is unknown whether beta‐blockers can prevent deterioration of cardiac function in those patients. We examined the effect of beta‐blockers on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in recovered DCM.

Methods and Results

We analyzed the clinical personal record of DCM, a national database of the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, between 2003 and 2014. Recovered DCM was defined as a previously documented LVEF <40% and a current LVEF ≥40%. Patients with recovered DCM were divided into 2 groups according to the use of beta‐blockers. A one‐to‐one propensity case‐matched analysis was used. The primary outcome was defined as a decrease in LVEF >10% at 2 years of follow‐up. Of 5370 eligible patients, 4104 received beta‐blockers. Propensity score matching yielded 1087 pairs. Mean age was 61.9 years, and 1619 (74.5%) were men. Mean LVEF was 49.3±8.2%, and median B‐type natriuretic peptide was 46.6 (interquartile range, 18.0–118.1) pg/mL. The primary outcome was observed less frequently in the beta‐blocker group than in the no‐beta‐blocker group (19.6% versus 24.0%; odds ratio [OR], 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63–0.95;
P
=0.013). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that female patients (women: OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36–0.81; men: OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.69–1.12;
P
for interaction=0.040) were benefited by beta‐blockers.

Conclusions
Beta‐blocker use could prevent deterioration of left ventricular systolic function in patients with recovered DCM.
Therapeutic Stalemate in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Samson Rohan , Le Jemtel Thierry H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The findings of randomized trials of neurohormonal modulation have been neutral in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and consistently positive in heart failure with reduced ejection. Left ventricular remodeling promotes the development and progression of heart failure with preserved and reduced ejection fraction. However, different stimuli mediate left ventricular remodeling that is commonly concentric in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and eccentric in heart failure with reduced ejection. The stimuli that promote concentric left ventricular remodeling may account for the neutral findings of neuhormonal modulation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Low‐grade systemic inflammation‐induced microvascular endothelial dysfunction is currently the leading hypothesis behind the development and progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The hypothesis provided the rationale for several randomized controlled trials that have led to neutral findings. The trials and their limitations are reviewed.
“The Quiet Affection in Their Eyes”
Authors: Verkerk Dorothy 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Since the nineteenth century, Bernhard Plockhorst’s Jesus as the Good Shepherd has enjoyed great popularity and is reproduced in a wide variety of media, appearing in American homes, schools, and churches and even Hollywood sets. Jesus as a Good Shepherd is traced to the early Christian period through the fourth century when he disappears from the iconographic lexicon. He regains popularity during the Protestant Reformation as a didactic tool. Resurging once again in the nineteenth and twentieth century, this Good Shepherd is markedly different from his historical iterations. Tracking visual comparanda and textual sources, the Plockhorst Good Shepherd emerges as a figure that engenders strong emotions of love, protection, and community only possible in a post-agricultural society.
Chinweizu’s Assumptions of Women’s Power in Anatomy of Female Power: A Critique
Authors: God’spresence Emily Oghale 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Culturally speaking, the African woman is saddled with onerous responsibilities that perpetually put her at a disadvantage over her male counterpart. Ranging from the kitchen to child bearing, care giving and child rearing to the farm and market and many more, the African woman spends her life playing the motherly role with its numerous sacrifices attached. Meanwhile, she is acquired by her man through the customary “bride price” to become a wife, and more so, she is disregarded by society if she does not have children. When she is not educated, or she gets impregnated and drops out of school, she assumes the status of a house wife and child-breeder, while her male counterpart continues his education. Most women depend on their husbands for financial support and also some go the extra mile to assume the responsibility of breadwinning when their husbands are faced with financial challenges. Nevertheless, a woman’s educational training is a potent weapon for her liberation. Against this background, this study critically assesses Chinweizu’s assumptions of female power in Anatomy of Female Power in the context of prevalent cultural practices to ascertain the true position of today’s African woman viś-a-viś existing patriarchal hegemony in the Nigerian society. To this end, Feminist Theory serves as the theoretical framework for this discourse. This article examines the kinds or nature of female power that exists through Chinweizu’s evaluation of women’s role in their marital home which could transcend into political and cultural powers when harnessed. This study concludes by stating that women’s perceived powers are natural roles due to their biology which may not indeed be considered as powers however, if given favourable conditions, they can become a potent force in exercising female leadership in society.
Power-with and Power-to and Building Asian Studies in Africa: Insights from the Field
Authors: Adu Amoah Lloyd G. , Quame Nelson 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Taking seriously Chinweizu’s (2004) call for Asian Studies in Africa this article examines the ways in which African Asianist scholars with their partners elsewhere decided to take counterhegemonic action, and how their approach differs from the status quo as a prefigurative politics of power-with society they seek. This work explores the establishment of Centres for Asian Studies in Africa as institutional actors in the counter-hegemonic project of decolonization. The processes that led to the setting up of the Centre for Asian Studies (the first in Black Africa excepting South Africa) at the University of Ghana serve as a case study. The article utilizes information gathered through the authors’ ongoing participation over the last eight years in the ideational, organizational, logistical, financial and institution building moves that are aiding the establishment of an ultimately emancipatory Asian Studies in Africa research framework. To establish the contextual challenge, the article engages discursively with how hegemony (power-over) functions within Global North/Western/modern research agendas, funding, and institutions; and explains how and why its colonial project is most evident in Area Studies in particular. The work concludes with pointers on how these moves for building Centres for Asian studies in Africa may be useful for other institutional intellectual decolonial efforts.
Justification in the Heidelberg Catechism
Authors: Joo Sungkyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This essay demonstrates that the reference, in Q 60 of the Heidelberg Catechism, to Christ’s satisfaction, righteousness, and holiness does not embrace Beza’s twofold imputation but the Reformers’ repetitive concept of imputation that implies Christ’s subjection to the law of creation and the twofold eternal life, so that the Catechism implicitly teaches the Imputation of the Active Obedience of Christ (hereinafter IAOC). Compared to the previous studies, which have the disadvantages of applying Beza’s twofold imputation or Pareus’s repetitive interpretation to HC 60, this essay examines whether the Catechism might support or deny the IAOC with a significant consideration of the robust evidence both in the Catechism itself and in the sixteenth-century historical context. In conclusion, the Catechism, though not employing Beza’s twofold imputation, embraces both Christ’s subjection to the law of creation and the twofold eternal life supported by other Reformers, so that it entails and affirms the IAOC in its own moderate and systematic manner of the sixteenth-century historical context.
The Third Use of the Law
Authors: Jeon Heejoon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Some scholars have contrasted Calvin’s and Edwards’s understanding regarding the third use of the law. They believe that Calvin emphasized the third use of the law for believers’ sanctification and that there is no room for virtue ethics in Calvin’s theology, while Edwards’s ethics is virtue ethics and there is no room for the third use of the law in Edwards’s theology. In contrast, this article uncovers that both Calvin’s and Edwards’s ethics combine features of both virtue ethics and divine command ethics. Accordingly, Edwards holds the same view as Calvin regarding the third use of the law.
The Missionary in the World: The Invention of the Soul of Saint Francis Xavier in an Anonymous Sermon: The East, Quito and Rome, 18th Century
Authors: Gaune Rafael , Montt Strabucchi Maria 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The discovery of an anonymous Quito Sermon dating back to 1741 in the Fondo Curia 2223 in the Archives of the Pontifical Gregorian University of Rome dealing with the historical and metaphorical transit between Rome and the “Orient” of the Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier (1506–52), suggests links between the universalist vocation of the Catholic mission, and the local American missionary experiences which the text omits. This article argues that the sermon has a universal resonance that invokes the East in America (as it is written to be read in public); it is a sensory experience that can be adapted to different realities (the trips, relics, and missions of Francis Xavier), but also noted is the omission of local missionary practices (i.e., the sermon is presented as produced in a place unmentioned in the text). It is above all, a reformulation of the “missionary in the world” of Western philosophical commentaries and texts that look toward the East but are enunciated in America.
Turangawaewae as the Means of Moving from Migrant to Mission Worker: Identification Strategies in Embracing the Context and the People
Authors: Weyers Mario 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Moving into cross-cultural and multi-cultural missions are not for the faint-hearted. The history of missions teaches us that many who were called did not survive to see the fruit of their labour. That was in facing physical trials and death. But for too many Post-Christendom missionaries their country of call becomes their emotional graveyard. This happens when they struggle with psychological barriers to entering and even re-entering the foreign country and culture where they serve. The importance of establishing a spiritual bond with the foreign land and the local people cannot be overstated. This brings about a shift in valuing oneself as not merely a temporarily ‘migrant’ worker but a called missionary. What are those factors that can support foreign missionaries in their psychological struggles during their initial phase of adapting to their new environment?
Missional Christian Communities in Conditions of Marginality: On Finding a ‘Missional Existence’ in the Post-Christian West
Authors: Paas Stefan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
There is a particular vulnerability to mission in the secularized societies of Western Europe. Much of this has to do with a loss of confidence, which hinders participation in the mission of God. This article presents an analysis of this vulnerability that comes from a loss of heart, and it offers possible solutions for a bold minority mission as participation in the missio Dei. This includes the de-instrumentalization of mission and rooting it in a doxological approach. Furthermore, the biblical metaphors of exile and priesthood are explored to redefine what it means to do mission from a position of joyful weakness.
Ethnic Cleansing and Diplomacy: A View of the Greek-Turkish Exchange of Populations of 1923–24 from the US National Archives
Authors: Aktar Ayhan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article is on the diplomatic processes leading to the decision to exchange populations between Greece and Turkey during the peace negotiations at the Lausanne Conference in 1923. The US National Archives has rich and hitherto unexploited archival material that encompasses the correspondence between Istanbul, Athens and the US Department of State. As the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs Archives is still closed to researchers, US diplomatic correspondence gives a clear picture of how Greek and Turkish statesmen, as well as intermediaries such as the representatives of the League of Nations, developed and accomplished the idea of population exchange in 1922–23.
Underutilization of Acetaminophen in Older Adult Trauma Patients
Authors: Haines Krista L. , Fuller Matthew , Antonescu Ioana , Vaughan Justin G. , Raghunathan Karthik , Cox Christopher E. , Bartz Raquel R. , Ohnuma Tetsu , Agarwal Suresh , Krishnamoorthy Vijay 
Published: May 2021

Introduction Older adults are more vulnerable to opioid-associated morbidity. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and timing of acetaminophen and opioid use in the postoperative period. Methods Older adult trauma patients (≥65 years) with hip fractures requiring femur or hip fixation were reviewed (Premier Database 2008-2014). We examined rates of acetaminophen use on the day of surgery and prior to receipt of oral opioids. Mixed-effects linear regression models were used to examine the effects of an acetaminophen-first approach on opioid use the day prior to and on the day of discharge. Results Of the 192 768 patients, 81.6% were Caucasian; 74.0% were female; and the mean age was 82.0 years [± 7.0]. Only 16.8% (32 291) of patients received acetaminophen prior to being prescribed opioids. 27.4% (52 779) received an acetaminophen-opioid combination, and 9.2% (17 730) received opioids without acetaminophen first. Acetaminophen first was associated with reduced opioid use on the day prior to and on the day of discharge (3.52 parenteral morphine equivalent doses (PMEs) less [95% CI: 3.33, 3.70]; P < .0001). A statistically but not clinically significant reduction in length of stay was observed in the acetaminophen-first group. Conclusion Nearly 37% of older adult patients did not receive acetaminophen as first-line analgesia after hip surgery. Multimodal analgesia, including non-opioid medications as first-line, should be encouraged.
A Novel Approach for the Treatment of Sialolithiasis that Preserves Salivary Duct Anatomy
Authors: Şengör Gani Atilla , Bilgili Ahmet Mert 
Published: May 2021

Objective: The sialendoscopy era in the treatment of salivary gland stones has reduced the use of classical surgical methods. However, the miniature ducts and tools may cause difficulties in removing large sialoliths. Therefore, invasive combined oral surgeries or gland resection may be considered. We searched for the most suitable method in order to stay in line with the minimally invasive approach that preserves the ductus anatomy, and that can reduce the surgical fears of patients. Materials and Methods: The study included 84 cases (23 parotid and 61 submandibular) in whom stones were fragmented by pneumatic lithotripsy and removed between January 2015 and January 2020. The parotid cases comprised 7 females and 16 males, and the submandibular cases comprised 25 females and 36 males. Intraductal lithotripsy was performed using pneumatic lithotripter. This study has fourth level of evidence. Results: Based on total number of cases (n = 84), success rate was 67/84 (79.7%) immediately after sialendoscopy, and overall success rate was 77/84 (91.6%). Based on number of stones treated (n = 111), our immediate success rate was 94/111 (84.6%), and overall success rate was 104/111 (93.7%). The success criteria were complete removal of the stone and fragments in a single sialendoscopy procedure and resolution of symptoms. Conclusions: We successfully treated salivary gland stones, including L3b stones, in our patient cohort with sialendoscopy combined with pneumatic lithotripsy. The lithotripsy method that we have adapted seems to be more useful and cost-effective compared to its alternatives. We were also able to preserve the ductus anatomy and relieve patients’ concerns. Level of Evidence: Level IV
Using a cane for one month does not improve walking or social participation in chronic stroke: An attention-controlled randomized trial
Authors: Avelino Patrick Roberto , Nascimento Lucas Rodrigues , Ada Louise , de Menezes Kênia Kiefer Parreiras , Teixeira-Salmela Luci Fuscaldi 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To examine the effects of the provision of a cane, delivered to ambulatory people with chronic stroke, for improving walking and social participation. Design: Two-arm, randomized trial. Setting: Community-based. Participants: Ambulatory individuals with chronic stroke. Interventions: The experimental intervention was the provision of a single-point cane during one month. The control group received a placebo intervention. Outcome measures: Walking speed, step length, cadence, walking capacity, and walking confidence were measured without the cane to examine its rehabilitative effect. Walking speed was also measured with the cane for inclusiveness, and social participation was measured for examining carry over effects. Outcomes were measured at baseline, and after one and two months. Results: Fifty individuals were included. In the experimental group, mean age was 69 years (SD 14), and walking speed was 0.58 m/s (SD 0.17). In the control group, mean age was 68 years (SD 13), and walking speed was 0.63 m/s (SD 0.15). When walking without the cane, after one and after two months, there were no between-group differences in any measures. When walking with the cane, after one month, the experimental group walked 0.14 m/s (95% CI 0.05–0.23) faster than the control group and after two months, they were still walking 0.18 m/s (95% CI 0.06–0.30) faster. Conclusion: Use of a cane improved walking speed, only when participants walked with the cane. Use of cane for one month did not improve walking outcomes, when walking without the cane. People with stroke would need to continue to use the cane to maintain any benefits in walking speed.