bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders and associated risk factors among urban metropolitan hairdressers in India
Authors: Mishra SukhDev , Sarkar Kamalesh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Ergonomic hazards account for a substantial proportion of work-related diseases and injuries among hairdressers. Awkward posture during work, repetitive movements, prolonged standing, and long working periods to carry out work activities cause mechanical load on the joints and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). This study investigated the musculoskeletal problems among urban hairdressers and associated risk factors.

Methods
This study investigates the prevalence of WMSDs among 768 study subjects (384 hairdressers and control subjects each) from Ahmedabad and New Delhi metropolis in India. Univariate statistical analysis was carried out along with 95% confidence interval for effect estimates.

Results
Findings reveal that the nearly half of the hairdressers suffered from knee and foot pain (49.5%), followed by lower back pain (39.8%) and upper back pain (38.8%). The neck pain and shoulder pain were reported by more than 25% hairdressers. The odds of developing neck pain (OR = 2.04; 95% CI 1.37-3.06) and shoulder pain (OR = 1.85; 95% CI 1.25-2.73) were significantly higher than control. The female hairdressers were more likely to experience work-related musculoskeletal disorder (OR = 2.63; 95% CI 1.18-5.86) than male counterparts. Hairdressers within the age of 18-35 years had significantly higher occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders with longer duration of working hours at the workplace. Longer daily work hours (&gt;12 hours) posed significantly higher risk (OR = 2.47; 95% CI 1.39-4.38) of experiencing MSD for hairdressers.

Conclusion
A very large proportion of hairdressers suffered with work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The long daily working hours and gender of the hairdresser are associated with increased risk of developing WMSDs.
The surface area effect: How the intermediate dose spill depends on the PTV surface area in SRS
Authors: Desai Dharmin D. , Johnson E. L. , Cordrey Ivan L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeStereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is rapidly becoming the standard of care for many intracranial targets. The characteristics of the planning target volume (PTV) can affect the intermediate dose spill and thus normal brain volume dose which is correlated with brain toxicity. R50% (volume receiving 50% of prescription dose divided by PTV volume) is a useful metric to quantify the intermediate dose spill. We propose a novel understanding of how the PTV surface area (SAPTV) affects the intermediate dose spill of SRS treatments.MethodsUsing a phantom model provided by a computed tomography (CT) of the IROC Head Phantom® and Eclipse® Treatment Planning System, we investigate the relationship of R50% and SAPTV in single‐target SRS treatments. The planning studies are conducted for SRS treatments on a Varian TrueBeam® linear accelerator with high‐definition MLC and a 6 MVFFF beam mode. These data are analyzed to ascertain trends in R50% related to SAPTV. Since SAPTV is not available as a structure property in the Eclipse RTPS, we introduce an Eclipse script to extract PTV surface area of arbitrary‐shaped PTVs. We compare a physically reasonable theoretical prediction of R50%, R50%Analytic, to the R50% achieved in treatment planning studies.ResultsThe SRS phantom study indicates good correlation between the plan R50% and SAPTV. A near‐linear relationship of plan R50% vs SAPTV is observed as predicted by the R50%Analytic model. Agreement between plan R50% values and R50%Analytic predictions is good for all but the very smallest PTV volumes.ConclusionsWe demonstrate dependence of the intermediate dose spill measured by R50% on the SAPTV. We call that dependence the surface area effect. This dependence is explicit in the R50%Analytic prediction model. The predicted value of R50%Analytic for a given PTV could be used for guidance during SRS treatment plan optimization, and plan evaluation for that PTV.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Advanced Healthcare Materials: Research Trends of Biomaterials in Healthcare Application
Authors: Zhu Shuang , Liu Yaping , Gu Zhanjun , Zhao Yuliang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the field of biomaterials for healthcare applications, Advanced Healthcare Materials (AHM) has become one of the leading journals. Since 2011, AHM keeps bringing the latest research results in biomaterial science aimed at promoting human health. Nowadays, bibliometrics, of which methodological approaches can quantitively and qualitatively analyze the research performance of journals or subject fields, has attracted considerable attention among the scientific community. A general bibliometric overview of the research performance of AHM is presented. With the aid of Web of Science Core Collection database and VOSviewer software, the annual publication, the most prolific and influential authors/countries from AHM is identified. In addition, the most cited documents and keyword cooccurrence network analysis allow to recognize the major research topics in AHM. At last, the summary of current research trends based on AHM bibliometric analysis, several considerations for the clinical translation of biomaterials, and prospects to advance the field are also proposed. This editorial presents major research trends in the field of engineered materials for healthcare applications.
Access to Trisubstituted Fluoroalkenes by Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Metathesis
Authors: Nouaille Augustin , Pannecoucke Xavier , Poisson Thomas , Couve‐Bonnaire Samuel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlthough the olefin metathesis reaction is a well‐known and powerful strategy to get alkenes, this reaction remained highly challenging with fluororalkenes, especially the Cross‐Metathesis (CM) process. Our thought was to find an easy accessible, convenient, reactive and post‐functionalizable source of fluoroalkene, that we found as the methyl 2‐fluoroacrylate. We reported herein the efficient ruthenium‐catalyzed CM reaction of various terminal and internal alkenes with methyl 2‐fluoroacrylate giving access, for the first time, to trisubstituted fluoroalkenes stereoselectively. Unprecedent TON for CM involving fluoroalkene, up to 175, have been obtained and the reaction proved to be tolerant and effective with a large range of olefin partners giving fair to high yields in metathesis products.magnified image
Whole‐Genome Sequence of Synthesized Allopolyploids in Cucumis Reveals Insights into the Genome Evolution of Allopolyploidization
Authors: Yu Xiaqing , Wang Panqiao , Li Ji , Zhao Qinzheng , Ji Changmian , Zhu Zaobing , Zhai Yufei , Qin Xiaodong , Zhou Junguo , Yu Haiyan , Cheng Xinchao , Isshiki Shiro , Jahn Molly , Doyle Jeff J. , Ottosen Carl‐Otto , Bai Yuling , Cai Qinsheng , Cheng Chunyan , Lou Qunfeng , Huang Sanwen , Chen Jinfeng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe importance of allopolyploidy in plant evolution has been widely recognized. The genetic changes triggered by allopolyploidy, however, are not yet fully understood due to inconsistent phenomena reported across diverse species. The construction of synthetic polyploids offers a controlled approach to systematically reveal genomic changes that occur during the process of polyploidy. This study reports the first fully sequenced synthetic allopolyploid constructed from a cross between Cucumis sativus and C. hystrix, with high‐quality assembly. The two subgenomes are confidently partitioned and the C. sativus‐originated subgenome predominates over the C. hystrix‐originated subgenome, retaining more sequences and showing higher homeologous gene expression. Most of the genomic changes emerge immediately after interspecific hybridization. Analysis of a series of genome sequences from several generations (S0, S4–S13) of C. ×hytivus confirms that genomic changes occurred in the very first generations, subsequently slowing down as the process of diploidization is initiated. The duplicated genome of the allopolyploid with double genes from both parents broadens the genetic base of C. ×hytivus, resulting in enhanced phenotypic plasticity. This study provides novel insights into plant polyploid genome evolution and demonstrates a promising strategy for the development of a wide array of novel plant species and varieties through artificial polyploidization.
Antimesenteric cutback end‐to‐end isoperistaltic anastomosis (Sasaki‐Watanabe anastomosis) for Crohn's disease: Novel surgical technique and early results of surgical anastomotic recurrence
Authors: Watanabe Kazuhiro , Sasaki Iwao , Kohyama Atsushi , Suzuki Hideyuki , Kobayashi Minoru , Kajiwara Taiki , Karasawa Hideaki , Ohnuma Shinobu , Kamei Takashi , Unno Michiaki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAntimesenteric cutback end‐to‐end isoperistaltic anastomosis (Sasaki‐Watanabe anastomosis; Sasaki‐W anastomosis), which was developed in our department, is a novel hand‐sewn anastomotic technique for Crohn's disease intended to prevent anastomotic stenosis and preserve the peripheral circulation.AimThe aim of the present study is to present the surgical technique of Sasaki‐W anastomosis and to assess the safety and the early results of the surgical anastomotic recurrence of Sasaki‐W anastomosis.Patients and MethodsThe present study was a single‐center retrospective cohort study. As an early‐period group, 13 patients with Crohn's disease, who were mainly selected from cases considered to be at high risk of recurrence, underwent 15 Sasaki‐W anastomoses from August 2009 to January 2012. As a late‐period group, 36 patients with Crohn's disease, who were selected regardless of risk factors, underwent 37 Sasaki‐W anastomoses from September 2016 to March 2020. The medical data including patient characteristics, surgical records, postoperative details, and surgical recurrences were assessed.ResultsThere were no intraoperative complications. With a median follow‐up of 107 mo, surgical recurrence occurred in one patient at 106 mo after surgery in the early‐period group. The cumulative surgical recurrence‐free rate in the early‐period group was 100% at 5 y and 86% at 10 y after surgery. No patients required reoperation in the late‐period group.ConclusionSasaki‐W anastomosis is safe and feasible. Although long‐term study is needed, this anastomotic technique can be a reasonable operative option for Crohn's disease.
Modeling the breakage stage in spheronization of cylindrical paste extrudates
Authors: Wang Liguang , Lim Chia Wei , Ng Grace Zhen Li , Rough Sarah L. , Ian Wilson D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSpheronization of cylindrical extrudates on a rotating friction plate involves breakage and rounding. Little attention has been given to the breakage stage and quantitative modeling of this process is scarce. Two simple models are compared with experimental data obtained for the early stages of spheronization of microcrystalline cellulose/water extrudates. Tests were conducted for different times (t), rotational speeds (ω), initial loadings, and on pyramidal friction plates with different dimensions. The first model, describing the number of pellets, validated ω3t as a characteristic time scale for the breakage stage. The kinetic parameters obtained by fitting showed a systematic dependence on plate dimensions expressed as a scaled gap width. The second model, a simple population balance, described the evolution of the number and length of pellets. The pseudo rate constants provided insights into the kinetics: extrudates tended to break near the middle, while breakage of smaller pellets was slowed down by more pellet–pellet collisions.
Relationship between rs9939609 FTO polymorphism with waist circumference and body fat is moderated by ponderal index at birth in youth
Authors: Quevedo Alves Fernanda , Reuter Cézane Priscila , Neumann Igor , Todendi Pâmela Ferreira , Brand Caroline , Latosinski Matos William , Brazo‐Sayavera Javier , Renner Jane Dagmar Pollo , de Moura Valim Andréia Rosane 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study was to analyze whether the relationship between the rs9939609 polymorphism of the fat mass and obesity‐associated gene (FTO) with nutritional status is moderated by the ponderal index (PI) at birth in children and adolescents.MethodsA cross‐sectional study evaluated 382 schoolchildren aged 6–17 years. Anthropometric variables such as waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) were used to assess nutritional status. Weight and height at birth were used for the PI calculation, which was divided into tertiles (lower, middle and upper). To compare the continuous variables between genotypes of the rs9939609 polymorphism, a recessive model (TT/AT vs. AA) and covariance analysis (ANCOVA) were used.ResultsThe AA genotype of the rs9939609 polymorphism was associated with higher WC in schoolchildren born with lower PI (β = 4.40; p = .048). However, for BF%, the genotype association was found in the upper PI tertile (β = 7.35; p = .040).ConclusionThe relationship between WC and BF% with rs9939609 polymorphism (FTO) seems to be moderated by PI at birth. This is an important insight, since the data for intrauterine growth, genetic factors and the presence of obesity in children and adolescents are still contradictory.
Activation of 2‐Cyclohexenone by BF3 Coordination: Mechanistic Insights from Theory and Experiment
Authors: Peschel Martin T. , Kabaciński Piotr , Schwinger Daniel P. , Thyrhaug Erling , Cerullo Giulio , Bach Thorsten , Hauer Jürgen , de Vivie‐Riedle Regina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLewis acids have recently been recognized as catalysts enabling enantioselective photochemical transformations. Mechanistic studies on these systems are however rare, either due to their absorption at wavelengths shorter than 260 nm, or due to the limitations of theoretical dynamic studies for larger complexes. In this work, we overcome these challenges and employ sub‐30‐fs transient absorption in the UV, in combination with a highly accurate theoretical treatment on the XMS‐CASPT2 level. We investigate 2‐cyclohexenone and its complex to boron trifluoride and analyze the observed dynamics based on trajectory calculations including non‐adiabatic coupling and intersystem crossing. This approach explains all ultrafast decay pathways observed in the complex. We show that the Lewis acid remains attached to the substrate in the triplet state, which in turn explains why chiral boron‐based Lewis acids induce a high enantioselectivity in photocycloaddition reactions.
Chiral Dibenzopentalene‐Based Conjugated Nanohoops through Stereoselective Synthesis
Authors: Hermann Mathias , Wassy Daniel , Kohn Julia , Seitz Philipp , Betschart Martin U. , Grimme Stefan , Esser Birgit 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConjugated nanohoops allow to investigate the effect of radial conjugation and bending on the involved π‐systems. They can possess unexpected optoelectronic properties and their radially oriented π‐system makes them attractive for host–guest chemistry. Bending the π‐subsystems can lead to chiral hoops. Herein, we report the stereoselective synthesis of two enantiomers of chiral conjugated nanohoops by incorporating dibenzo[a,e]pentalenes (DBPs), which are generated in the last synthetic step from enantiomerically pure diketone precursors. Owing to its bent shape, this diketone unit was used as the only bent precursor and novel “corner unit” in the synthesis of the hoops. The [6]DBP[4]Ph‐hoops contain six antiaromatic DBP units and four bridging phenylene groups. The small HOMO–LUMO gap and ambipolar electrochemical character of the DBP units is reflected in the optoelectronic properties of the hoop. Electronic circular dichroism spectra and MD simulations showed that the chiral hoop did not racemize even when heated to 110 °C. Due to its large diameter, it was able to accommodate two C60 molecules, as binding studies indicate.
The Competitive Aggregation Pathway of an Asymmetric Chiral Oligo(p‐phenyleneethynylene) Towards the Formation of Individual P and M Supramolecular Helical Polymers
Authors: Fernández Zulema , Fernández Berta , Quiñoá Emilio , Freire Félix 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA complex aggregation pathway towards two diastereomeric P and M supramolecular helices arises from the aggregation of a short, chiral, and rigid oligo(phenyleneethynylene) [OPE, (S)‐1]. Thus, while AggI aggregate is obtained when a DCM solution of (S)‐1 is diluted with MCH at room temperature, AggII aggregate is generated only after a slow heating (353 K)/cooling (273 K) process. Interestingly, during AggI formation (mechanism 1), short P chain oligomers are produced, which have a great tendency to aggregate in plane, yielding brick‐like nanostructures that halt the aggregation process. On the other hand, after a heating/cooling cycle, long M type columnar helical aggregates (AggII) are obtained, formed by individual supramolecular polymer chains (mechanism 2) easily visualized by AFM. The two different P/M orientations obtained for AggI and AggII reveal the dynamic character of the system and its ability to create diastereomeric helical structures under the right conditions. Different experimental protocols were explored to prepare long M type columnar helical aggregates, which are not obtained by using the previous MCH/DCM 99/1 (v/v) solvent mixture. The generation of the desired M oriented supramolecular polymer is achieved when toluene is added to the solvent mixture in a 97/2/1 MCH/Tol/DCM (v/v/v) ratio.
Bimetallic Cooperative Catalysis for Decarbonylative Heteroarylation of Carboxylic Acids via C‐O/C‐H Coupling
Authors: Liu Chengwei , Ji Chong‐Lei , Zhou Tongliang , Hong Xin , Szostak Michal 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCooperative bimetallic catalysis is a fundamental approach in modern synthetic chemistry. We report bimetallic cooperative catalysis for the direct decarbonylative heteroarylation of ubiquitous carboxylic acids via acyl C‐O/C‐H coupling. This novel catalytic system exploits the cooperative action of a copper catalyst and a palladium catalyst in decarbonylation, which enables highly chemoselective synthesis of important heterobiaryl motifs through the coupling of carboxylic acids with heteroarenes in the absence of prefunctionalization or directing groups. This cooperative decarbonylative method uses common carboxylic acids and shows a remarkably broad substrate scope (>70 examples), including late‐stage modification of pharmaceuticals and streamlined synthesis of bioactive agents. Extensive mechanistic and computational studies were conducted to gain insight into the mechanism of the reaction. The key step involves intersection of the two catalytic cycles via transmetallation of the copper–aryl species with the palladium(II) intermediate generated by oxidative addition/decarbonylation.
Phthalocyanine as a Bioinspired Model for Chlorophyll f‐Containing Photosystem II Drives Photosynthesis into the Far‐Red Region
Authors: Follana‐Berná Jorge , Farran Rajaa , Leibl Winfried , Quaranta Annamaria , Sastre‐Santos Ángela , Aukauloo Ally 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe textbook explanation that P680 pigments are the red limit to drive oxygenic photosynthesis must be reconsidered by the recent discovery that chlorophyll f (Chlf)‐containing Photosystem II (PSII) absorbing at 727 nm can drive water oxidation. Two different families of unsymmetrically substituted Zn phthalocyanines (Pc) absorbing in the 700–800 nm spectral window and containing a fused imidazole‐phenyl substituent or a fused imidazole‐hydroxyphenyl group have been synthetized and characterized as a bioinspired model of the Chlf/TyrosineZ/Histidine190 cofactors of PSII. Transient absorption studies in the presence of an electron acceptor and irradiating in the far‐red region evidenced an intramolecular electron transfer process. Visible and FT‐IR signatures indicate the formation of a hydrogen‐bonded phenoxyl radical in ZnPc II‐OH. This study sets the foundation for the utilization of a broader spectral window for multi‐electronic catalytic processes with one of the most robust and efficient dyes.
Thermo‐oxidative aging of high‐density polyethylene reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Åkesson Dan , Ramamoorthy Sunil Kumar Lindström , Bohlén Martin , Skrifvars Ville‐Viktor , Svensson Sofie , Skrifvars Mikael 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of aging on the properties of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) reinforced with multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Nanocomposites were prepared with nanotubes at 0, 1, 3, and 5 wt%. The long‐term durability of the prepared materials was evaluated by thermo‐oxidative aging test. Test bodies were aged at 110°C for up to 10 weeks. The nanocomposites were characterized by differential scanning calometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), 13C‐NMR, elongation at break, and transmission electron microscopy. The aging mainly occurred on the surface of the samples and the neat HDPE showed a strong yellowing after the aging. A strong reduction in elongation at break was seen. For neat HDPE, the elongation at break was reduced from roughly 1400–25%. When HDPE was reinforced with the nanotubes, the reduction was less dramatic.
Credit crunch: Chinese infrastructure lending and Lao sovereign debt
Authors: Barney Keith , Souksakoun Kanya 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLao PDR's push for large infrastructure‐led economic growth has been delivered through a significant amount of financial leverage and a build‐up of sovereign debt obligations. The government now finds itself in danger of a sovereign default. This article traces the roots of this debt crisis over the past decade, focusing particularly on the role of hydropower. A significant share of infrastructure lending to Laos has been through Chinese policy banks. We argue that over‐lending to dam projects focused on the domestic energy market has been at the core of Laos' debt situation. Through 2020 the Lao Government has undertaken a series of restructuring measures, including privatisation of state assets, engaging in debt renegotiations with China, and attempts to secure new short‐term credit. We outline a range of other options Laos has to reschedule or restructure their sovereign debt, and offer policy targeted recommendations focusing on reforms in the energy sector.