bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal prognostic factors for isolated right congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a single center’s experience
Authors: Jeong Jiyoon , Lee Byong Sop , Cha Teahyen , Jung Euiseok , Kim Ellen Ai-Rhan , Kim Ki-Soo , Kim Dae Yeon , Namgoong Jung-Man , Kim Seong Chul , Lee Mi-Young , Won Hye-Sung 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Right-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (RCDH) is relatively rare compared with left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (LCDH). Clinical data of RCDH, especially with respect to antenatal prediction of neonatal outcome, are lacking. The aim of this study was to report the treatment outcomes of patients with antenatally diagnosed RCDH and to evaluate the predictability of observed-to-expected lung area-to-head circumference ratio (O/E LHR) for perinatal outcomes, focused on mortality or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) requirement.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of newborn infants with isolated RCDH. We analyzed and compared the clinical and prenatal characteristics including the fetal lung volume, which was measured as the O/E LHR, between the survivors and the non-survivors.

Results
A total of 26 (66.7%) of 39 patients with isolated RCDH survived to discharge. The O/E LHR was significantly greater in survivors (64.7 ± 21.2) than in non-survivors (40.5 ± 23.4) (P =.027). It was greater in survivors without ECMO requirement (68.3 ± 15.1) than non-survivors or those with ECMO requirement (46.3 ± 19.4; P = .010). The best O/E LHR cut-off value for predicting mortality in isolated RCDH was 50.

Conclusions
The findings in this study suggest that O/E LHR, a well-characterized prognostic indicator in LCDH, could be applied to a fetus with antenatally diagnosed RCDH. A large cohort study is required to verify the association between O/E LHR values and the graded severity of RCDH.
Interventricular septal curvature as an additional echocardiographic parameter for evaluating chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Matsumura Akane , Shigeta Ayako , Kasai Hajime , Yokota Hajime , Terada Jiro , Yamamoto Keiko , Sugiura Toshihiko , Matsumura Takuma , Sakao Seiichiro , Tanabe Nobuhiro , Tatsumi Koichiro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Noninvasive estimation of the actual systolic pulmonary artery pressure measured via right-sided heart catheterization (sPAPRHC) is vital for the management of pulmonary hypertension, including chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Evaluation related to the interventricular septum (IVS) is generally performed with only visual assessment and has been rarely assessed quantitatively in the field of echocardiography. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the utility of echocardiographic IVS curvature to estimate sPAPRHC in patients with CTEPH.

Methods
Medical records of 72 patients with CTEPH were studied retrospectively. We estimated sPAPRHC using echocardiographic IVS curvature (esPAPcurv) and left ventricular eccentricity index (esPAPLVEI), and compared their ability to predict sPAPRHC with estimated sPAPRHC using tricuspid regurgitant pressure gradient (esPAPTRPG).

Results
IVS curvature and LVEI were significantly correlated with sPAPRHC (r = − 0.52 and r = 0.49, respectively). Moreover, the IVS curvature was effective in estimating the sPAPRHC of patients with trivial tricuspid regurgitation (r = − 0.56) and in determining patients with sPAPRHC ≥ 70 mmHg with higher sensitivity (77.0%) compared to those with esPAPTRPG and esPAPLVEI.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that the echocardiographic IVS curvature could be a useful additional tool for estimating sPAPRHC in CTEPH patients for whom accurate estimation of sPAPRHC using tricuspid regurgitant pressure gradient is challenging.
One-year follow-up after treatment of proximal and/or middle one-third humeral shaft fractures with a helical plate: healing rates, complications and functional outcome measures
Authors: Maes V. , Putzeys G. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Conventional plate osteosynthesis is a valuable treatment option in displaced proximal and/or middle one-third humeral shaft fractures. Nonetheless, this procedure can be complicated by a radial nerve palsy. To date, many surgical techniques have been developed in an attempt to minimize this high-impact complication. A helical plate has the potential to avoid an iatrogenic radial nerve palsy due to its design. This article aims to evaluate safety and functional outcomes of patients treated with a helical plate compared to conventional plate osteosynthesis. In particular healing rates, complications and functional outcome measures.

Methods
We retrospectively included all patients with displaced proximal and/or middle one-third humeral shaft fractures who were treated with a helical plate from October 2016 until August 2018 at a single level-1 trauma center (AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium). A self-molded long PHILOS plate (DePuy Synthes®) or a pre-contoured A.L.P.S proximal humeral plating system (Zimmer Biomet®) were used. Patient baseline characteristics and standard radiographs were obtained pre- and postoperatively. We retrospectively searched for complications. Patients were reassessed using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), Constant Murley (CMS) and EQ-5D-5L scores with a minimal follow-up of 1 year.

Results
The humeral shaft fractures of all sixteen patients consolidated within 3 months and no iatrogenic radial nerve palsies were observed. One plate had to be removed after 1 year due to a late deep infection. With a minimum follow up of 1 year, the mean DASH score was 22 ± 19 and the mean normalized CMS was 80 ± 19.

Conclusion
Operative treatment of proximal and/or middle one-third humeral shaft fractures with a helical plate is a safe procedure with good to excellent shoulder function at one-year follow-up. Contrary to conventional plate osteosynthesis, a helical plate has the potential to completely avoid a radial nerve palsy, while maintaining similar healing rates and functional outcomes.

Trial registration
Retrospective cohort study. B396201939564. Registered on 10 MAY 2019.
Efficacy and safety of dual intravenous artesunate plus quinine compared to intravenous artesunate for cerebral malaria in a triple blinded parallel multisite randomized controlled trial in Nigerian children: DUAL PAQ TRIAL Protocol
Authors: Alao Michael Abel , Orimadegun Adebola Emmanuel , Ibrahim Olayinka Rasheed , Oyenuga Abayomi O. , Asinobi Adanze Onyenonachi , Gbadero Daniel Adedosu , Okoye Ifeoma Joy , Nna Emmanuel Okechukwu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Evidence exists as to the criticality of the first 24 h in the management of cerebral malaria. The morbidity and the mortality rate (35%) with the current intravenous monotherapy for the initial treatment of cerebral malaria are unacceptably high. Combination therapy and a shorter course of effective medication have been shown to improve outcomes in human participants in the treatment of other diseases. This study outlines a protocol to conduct a triple blinded parallel randomized controlled trial on cerebral malaria using dual intravenous medications compared to the current standard of monotherapy.

Methods
This is a parallel multi-site randomized controlled superiority triple blinded trial consisting of intravenous artesunate plus quinine and a control arm of intravenous artesunate only. Eligible and assenting children aged 6 months to 17 years will be recruited from 4 tertiary hospitals by random selection from the list of tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. Participants will be randomized and assigned in parallel into two arms using random numbers generated from GraphPad Prism (version 9) by a clinical pharmacologist who has no link with the investigators, the patients, or the statistician. The primary measurable outcome is survival at 12, 24, and 48 h post-randomization. A composite secondary outcome consists of the number of children that regained consciousness, parasitaemia and defervescence at 12 and 24 h post-randomization and haematological and inflammatory markers at 24 and 48 h post-randomization. Adverse events both solicited and unsolicited are recorded all through the study post-randomization. The study is approved by the State Research Ethics Review Committee. Data analysis will be performed in GraphPad Prism version 9.

Discussion
The outcome of this analysis will give insight into the efficacy and safety of dual intravenous antimalaria in the treatment of cerebral malaria among Nigerian children compared with the standard of care. The safety profile of this intervention will also be highlighted. This may help inform physicians on the optimal treatment for cerebral malaria to improve outcomes and reduce recrudescence and treatment failure.

Trial registration
Pan Africa Clinical Trial Registry PACTR202102893629864. 23/02/2021.
Copeptin: a potential blood biomarker for acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Oraby Mohammed I. , Soliman Rasha H. , Abd Elkareem Rehab M. , Mohammed Amna I. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Copeptin is a new blood biomarker for acute ischemic stroke which emerged to assist clinicians with decision-making. Serum copeptin can accurately reflect vasopressin concentration, which plays a role in aggravation of inflammatory responses, ions and neurotransmitters dysfunctions. The objective of this work was to investigate the relation between copeptin level as a blood biomarker and the short-term prognosis of acute ischemic stroke after 3 months. The current study included 45 patients with first ever acute ischemic stroke and 45 healthy volunteers as a control. Clinical evaluation, CT and MRI of the brain, NIHSS on admission, and mRS after 3 months were done for the patients, and all the patients and control were subjected to assessment of serum level of copeptin by ELISA technique.

Results
Copeptin level was significantly higher in patients with acute ischemic stroke compared to healthy control subjects (p-value = 0.001). Also, copeptin level was significantly higher in patients with severe stroke (NIHSS > 16) than in those with mild-to-moderate stroke (NIHSS 0–15) at presentation and in patients with unfavorable outcome (mRS 3–6) when compared to patients with favorable outcome (mRS 0–2) (p-value = 0.003 and 0.001, respectively).
Copeptin level was significantly lower in patients who received thrombolytic therapy with rTPA (p-value = 0.049).

Conclusion
Copeptin has an interesting potential as a new prognostic biomarker for patients with acute ischemic stroke as its level was significantly higher in patients with severe stroke and in patients with unfavorable outcome.
Compartmentalization and metabolic regulation of glycolysis
Authors: Fuller Gregory G. , Kim John K. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Hypoxia inhibits the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and leaves glycolysis as the primary metabolic pathway responsible for converting glucose into usable energy. However, the mechanisms that compensate for this loss in energy production due to TCA cycle inactivation remain poorly understood. Glycolysis enzymes are typically diffuse and soluble in the cytoplasm under normoxic conditions. In contrast, recent studies have revealed dynamic compartmentalization of glycolysis enzymes in response to hypoxic stress in yeast, C. elegans and mammalian cells. These messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) structures, termed glycolytic (G) bodies in yeast, lack membrane enclosure and display properties of phase-separated biomolecular condensates. Disruption of condensate formation correlates with defects such as impaired synaptic function in C. elegans neurons and decreased glucose flux in yeast. Concentrating glycolysis enzymes into condensates may lead to their functioning as ‘metabolons’ that enhance rates of glucose utilization for increased energy production. Besides condensates, glycolysis enzymes functionally associate in other organisms and specific tissues through protein–protein interactions and membrane association. However, as discussed in this Review, the functional consequences of coalescing glycolytic machinery are only just beginning to be revealed. Through ongoing studies, we anticipate the physiological importance of metabolic regulation mediated by the compartmentalization of glycolysis enzymes will continue to emerge.
Transfusion in orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Blankstein Anna R. , Houston Brett L. , Fergusson Dean A. , Houston Donald S. , Rimmer Emily , Bohm Eric , Aziz Mina , Garland Allan , Doucette Steve , Balshaw Robert , Turgeon Alexis , Zarychanski Ryan 
Published: October 2021

Aims Orthopaedic surgeries are complex, frequently performed procedures associated with significant haemorrhage and perioperative blood transfusion. Given refinements in surgical techniques and changes to transfusion practices, we aim to describe contemporary transfusion practices in orthopaedic surgery in order to inform perioperative planning and blood banking requirements. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult patients who underwent orthopaedic surgery at four Canadian hospitals between 2014 and 2016. We studied all patients admitted to hospital for nonarthroscopic joint surgeries, amputations, and fracture surgeries. For each surgery and surgical subgroup, we characterized the proportion of patients who received red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, the mean/median number of RBC units transfused, and exposure to platelets and plasma. Results Of the 14,584 included patients, the most commonly performed surgeries were knee arthroplasty (24.8%), hip arthroplasty (24.6%), and hip fracture surgery (17.4%). A total of 10.3% of patients received RBC transfusion; the proportion of patients receiving RBC transfusions varied widely based on the surgical subgroup (0.0% to 33.1%). Primary knee arthroplasty and hip arthroplasty, the two most common surgeries, were associated with in-hospital transfusion frequencies of 2.8% and 4.5%, respectively. RBC transfusion occurred in 25.0% of hip fracture surgeries, accounting for the greatest total number of RBC units transfused in our cohort (38.0% of all transfused RBC units). Platelet and plasma transfusions were uncommon. Conclusion Orthopaedic surgeries were associated with variable rates of transfusion. The rate of RBC transfusion is highly dependent on the surgery type. Identifying surgeries with the highest transfusion rates, and further evaluation of factors that contribute to transfusion in identified at-risk populations, can serve to inform perioperative planning and blood bank requirements, and facilitate pre-emptive transfusion mitigation strategies. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(10):850–857.
Beyond intimate partner relationships: utilising domestic homicide reviews to prevent adult family domestic homicide
Authors: Bracewell Kelly , Jones Cassandra , Haines-Delmont Alina , Craig Elaine , Duxbury Joy , Chantler Khatidja 
Published: October 2021

Increasing evidence documents domestic violence and abuse (DVA) and domestic homicide of adults killed by a relative in non-intimate partner relationships. Most literature focuses on intimate partner violence and homicide, yet non-intimate partner homicides form a substantial but neglected minority of domestic homicides. This article addresses this gap by presenting an analysis from 66 domestic homicide reviews (DHRs) in England and Wales where the victim and perpetrator were related, such as parent and adult child. Intimate partner homicides are excluded. These 66 DHRs were a sub-sample drawn from a larger study examining 317 DHRs in England and Wales.
The article contributes towards greater understanding of the prevalence, context and characteristics of adult family homicide (AFH). Analysis revealed five interlinked precursors to AFH: mental health and substance/alcohol misuse, criminal history, childhood trauma, economic factors and care dynamics. Findings indicate that, given their contact with both victims and perpetrators, criminal justice agencies, adult social care and health agencies, particularly mental health services, are ideally placed to identify important risk and contextual factors. Understanding of DVA needs to extend to include adult family violence. Risk assessments need to be cognisant of the complex dynamics of AFH and must consider social-structural and relational-contextual factors.
Seasonal variation of heavy metal accumulation in environment and fishes from the Cirebon coast, Indonesia
Authors: Januar Hedi Indra , Dwiyitno  , Hidayah Izhamil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Contamination by dangerous heavy metal in the estuarine environment has risen with concern to the safety of coastal fish as seafood. Anthropogenic emission in the coastal areas becomes the primary source of heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment, which then accumulates in fish species. Therefore, marine fish has a potency to be used as a bioindicator for heavy metals contamination in the coastal environment, since it may vary, as the results of marine hydrodynamics. This research presents seasonal variations (west monsoon, east monsoon, and intermediate monsoon) of heavy metals accumulation in fish from the coastal region of Cirebon, Indonesia. Three types of economic fish (Scatopagus argus, Siganus canaliculatus, and Nibea albifor) were taken, and the heavy metals (Cr, Co, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) content were examined by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed a significant difference (p&lt;0.05) of seasonal variation of heavy metals concentration in seawater and sediment. The contamination in seawater was higher during the east monsoon season, while the contamination in sediment was higher during the west monsoon season. The observation was also revealed variation on heavy metals accumulation in fish species. However, this study found no significant correlation (p&gt;0.05) between the concentration of heavy metals in the environment and fish. Consequently, precaution is needed when using fish as a bioindicator for heavy metals contamination in coastal environments.
Simple experiments with immobilized enzymes as a contribution to green and sustainable chemistry education in the high school laboratory
Authors: Linkwitz Michael , Eilks Ingo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Green chemistry became an eminent trend in chemical research and industry since the 1990s, and thus green chemistry is also increasingly suggested to become an issue in chemistry education. One of the principles of green chemistry is to use effective catalysis in general, and enzymatic catalysis under mild conditions in particular. This article presents a set of experiments under catalysis by immobilized lipase that were developed and tested in an action research project for developing a green organic chemistry curriculum for the senior secondary schooling level in Germany.
Synthesis and structure of an asymmetrical sila[1]magnesocenophane
Authors: Bischoff Inga-Alexandra , Morgenstern Bernd , Schäfer André 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The synthesis and structure of an asymmetrical sila[1]magnesocenophane, featuring a cyclopentadienyl and a tetramethylcyclopentadienyl group, are reported. The compound was obtained as a bis(tetrahydrofuran) adduct and exhibits a slipped sandwich structure in the solid state.
Distal CA1 Maintains a More Coherent Spatial Representation than Proximal CA1 When Local and Global Cues Conflict
Authors: Deshmukh Sachin S. 
Published: October 2021

Entorhinal cortical projections show segregation along the transverse axis of CA1, with the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) sending denser projections to proximal CA1 (pCA1) and the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) sending denser projections to distal CA1 (dCA1). Previous studies have reported functional segregation along the transverse axis of CA1 correlated with the functional differences in MEC and LEC. pCA1 shows higher spatial selectivity than dCA1 in these studies. We employ a double rotation protocol, which creates an explicit conflict between the local and the global cues, to understand the differential contributions of these reference frames to the spatial code in pCA1 and dCA1 in male Long–Evans rats. We show that pCA1 and dCA1 respond differently to this local-global cue conflict. pCA1 representation splits as predicted from the strong conflicting inputs it receives from MEC and dCA3. In contrast, dCA1 rotates more in concert with the global cues. In addition, pCA1 and dCA1 display comparable levels of spatial selectivity in this study. This finding differs from the previous studies, perhaps because of richer sensory information available in our behavior arena. Together, these observations indicate that the functional segregation along proximodistal axis of CA1 is not of the amount of spatial selectivity but that of the nature of the different inputs used to create and anchor spatial representations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSubregions of the hippocampus are thought to play different roles in spatial navigation and episodic memory. It was previously thought that the distal part of area CA1 of the hippocampus carries lesser information about space than proximal CA1 (pCA1). We report that distal CA1 (dCA1) spatial representation moves more in concert with the global cues than pCA1 when the local and the global cues conflict. We also show that spatial selectivity is comparable along the proximodistal axis in this experimental protocol. Thus, different parts of the brain receiving differential outputs from pCA1 and dCA1 receive spatial information in different spatial reference frames encoded using different sets of inputs, rather than different amounts of spatial information as thought earlier.
Thermal effect on the optical signal of fiber optics networks
Authors: Mohammed Abdulrazak A. , QasMarrogy Ghassan A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Fiber Optic Network is an advanced and modern system technology, which is used in sending pulses of laser light inside a glass of fiber over long distances, widely used in every environment with various sorts of applications in a different field. It is well-known that the main material of fiber optics is glass, therefore it is typical that the temperature can affect the glass during the thermal expansion. This effect will be applied to the properties of the optical components such as refractive index, radius curvature of the fiber optics layers, and also there is an effect on the data transfer through the fiber optics network units. In this paper, the effect of temperature degree on the optical signal and the functions of the fiber optic network will be simulated, measured, and analyzed. The result will be discussed and the conclusion will show the serious points of thermal effects on the optical signal of a fiber-optic network.
El estilo y el discurso “inquietante” del analista
Authors: Moreno Chía Fredy Ricardo 
Published: October 2021

Este artículo es un avance de la investigación acerca de la función del estilo en la transmisión del psicoanálisis. En el presente texto se plantea que la relación entre discurso y estilo, conduce a una problematización de la noción misma de estilo. Esta mostración contiene los siguientes momentos: en un primer lugar se presentan dos citas de Lacan en las que el estilo se encuentra en relación con dos elementos centrales en la teoría de los discursos: el saber y la verdad. En un segundo momento se resumen las características de estos dos elementos en el discurso del analista y, en un tercer momento, se expone un equívoco de Lacan a partir del cual presentamos una definición de estilo acorde con el discurso del analista.