bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herpes Simplex Keratitis Following Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty
Authors: Reed Stephen Y , Shin Dong H , Birt Catherine M , Rhee Robert K 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Many complications have been reported with argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT). In the following article, we report the first case of Herpes simplex keratitis recurrence being triggered after ALT.
Limbal Autograft Transplantation for Recurrent and Advanced Pterygia
Authors: Shimazaki Jun , Yang Hao-Yung , Tsubota Kazuo 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the usefulness of limbal autograft transplantation in the treatment of recurrent and advanced pterygia.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eleven patients with recurrent and 1 6 with advanced pterygia (a total of 27 pterygia) were treated with limbal autograft transplantation. Once a pterygium had been excised, superior limbal tissue was taken with conjunctival flap and transferred to the excised area.
* RESULTS: All the grafts were planted promptly, and donor sites were re-epithelialized with no excessive scar tissue formation. Although slight recurrence was noted in 2 eyes (7.4%), subconjunctival tissue invasions were limited to less than 1 mm, and no further surgical interventions were needed.
* CONCLUSION: These results indicate that limbal autograft transplantation may be effective for the treatment of recurrent and advanced pterygia.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:917-923.]
Mitomycin-C in Laser Sclerostomy: Benefit and Complications
Authors: Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula , Wetzel Wolfgang , Dröge Gerit , Birngruber Reginald 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The authors studied the effect of topical mitomycin-C administration on the maintenance of filter function and intraocular pressure (IOP) following laser sclerostomy.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients with a presumed high risk of episcleral scarring were treated intraoperatively with topical mitomycinC (0.5 mg/ml) for 3 to 5 minutes. Their IOPs were monitored for at least 2 years. The IOP data of these patients were compared with the results for 46 patients who underwent the identical procedure without antimetabolite.
* RESULTS: IOPs below 23 mm Hg were achieved in 70% of the mitomycin-C-treated patients. Compared with the non-mitomycin-C group, the rate and duration of early postoperative hypotony was significandy increased in the mitomycin-C- treated group.
* CONCLUSION: Mitomycin-C is useful for maintaining successful filter function in patients with unfavorable prognoses. However, severe and persistent hypotony may occur.
[Ophthalmie Surg Lasers 1997;28:14-20.]
Impact of Cultures on Management Decisions Following Surgical Repair of Penetrating Ocular Trauma
Authors: Rubsamen Patrick E , Cousins Scott W , Martinez Jose A 
Published: April 2021

*BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of routine bacterial and fungal cultures in the diagnosis of endophthalmitis and in the subsequent management of patients following penetrating ocular trauma.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records of 70 consecutive patients with penetrating ocular trauma for whom intraoperative bacterial and fungal cultures had been obtained from the wound, aqueous, vitreous, and/or intraocular foreign body (IOFB) were retrospectively reviewed. The incidences of infection among eyes with and without a clinical diagnosis of infection were compared. A determination as to change in clinical management (change of antibiotic, length of treatment) was made.
* RESULTS: Twenty of 70 patients (29%) had positive cultures of the wound, aqueous, vitreous, and/or IOFB. Nine (13%) of the 70 patients were diagnosed as having endophthalmitis, based on clinical findings at presentation and during the subsequent clinical course. Seven (78%) of these 9 patients with a clinical diagnosis of endophthalmitis had positive cultures. The remaining 61 eyes showed no evidence of clinically apparent infections, despite positive cultures from 13 eyes (21%). Microbiologic data derived from the culture results influenced the clinical management of all 7 patients with endophthalmitis. Culture results (positive or negative) did not alter clinical decisions in eyes without clinical evidence of infection.
* CONCLUSION: Bacterial or fungal cultures obtained from the eye in the setting of penetrating trauma often had growth of organisms without clinical signs of infection. Positive culture results direcdy influenced management decisions in cases with clinically evident endophthalmitis. However, routine intraoperative bacterial cultures did not help to identify patients in whom endophthalmitis would develop, nor did they assist in directing management decisions in eyes without clinical suspicion of infection.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:43-49.]
A Full-Thickness Scleral Graft for the Surgical Management of a Late Filtration Bleb Leak
Authors: Kosmin Alan S , Wishart Peter K 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Late bleb leak may follow months to years after filtration surgery. This article describes the surgical repair of eight leaking blebs using a full-thickness scleral graft and analyzes the efficacy of the procedure and its effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) control.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The indications for surgical bleb revision were hypotony maculopathy (2 eyes), endophthalmitis (2 eyes), bleb infection (2 eyes), and chronic epiphora and blurring of vision (2 eyes). All eyes were treated surgically through bleb excision and repair of the scleral defect with a full-thickness scleral graft. Conjunctival closure was performed either by its advancement to the limbus or by free conjunctival autograft. Follow-up ranged from 4 months to 7 years.
RESULTS: Surgery stopped the leak in all cases, and hypotony was relieved without loss of long-term IOP control. However, early postoperative IOP rises (> 30 mm Hg) occurred in 2 eyes, and a pressure-lowering medication was necessary to achieve long-term IOP control (IOP < 22 mm Hg) in 3 eyes.
CONCLUSIONS: The technique described is an effective procedure for the treatment of late bleb leaks and is especially useful for the treatment of leaks found in association with full-thickness scleral defects. IOP spikes in the early postoperative period may occur, but long-term IOP control can be expected without the need for further filtration surgery.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:461-468.]
Ketorolac-Tobramycin Combination vs Fluorometholone-Tobramycin Combination in Reducing Inflammation Following Phacoemulsification Cataract Extraction With Scleral Tunnel Incision
Authors: Guzey Mustafa , Karadede Sezin , Dogan Zeki , Satici Ahmet 
Published: April 2021

* OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of ketorolac-tobramycin combination with fluorometholone-tobramycin combination in the control of ocular inflammation after endocapsular phacoemulsification cataract surgery with scleral tunnel incision.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, investigator masked, 2-week, single-center study. Ocular examinations were carried out preoperatively and postoperatively on days 1 (baseline), 2, 3, 7, and 14. There were 60 patients (30 in each treatment group) undergoing uncomplicated cataract-lens implant surgery enrolled and randomized in the study. The baseline parameters were similar in the two study groups. At each visit comprehensive ocular examinations were performed and a 4-point (0 to 3) grading system was used to record findings of the burning/stinging sensation, blurred vision, ocular discomfort, conjunctival hyperemia, anterior chamber flare, and anterior chamber cells.
* RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups in the findings of the ocular inflammation at any of the postoperative visits. Both treatments were equally well tolerated.
* CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that ketorolac may be an alternative to some corticosteroids (fluorometholone). It is generally accepted that fluorometholone is not as potent an anti-inflammatory as prednisolone the most commonly used steroid following cataract extraction.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:451-456]
Increases in Intraocular Pressure During Hemodialysis in Eyes During Early Postvitrectomy Period
Authors: Yoon Young H , Sohn Joon-Hong , Lee Song E , Lee Yong B , Kim Jae Y , Kook Michael S 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors for intraocular pressure (IOP) increases during hemodialysis (HD) in the early postoperative period following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Comparisons of 36 vitrectomized eyes of 22 diabetics undergoing maintenance HD with those of 138 eyes of 69 nonoperated patients. Serial IOPs were measured before PPV, after PPV/before dialysis, and during dialysis. Serum osmolarity and blood pressure were also recorded.
* RESULTS: In 20 of 36 operated eyes (55.6%) and 18 of 138 nonoperated eyes (13.0%) IOP was increased (≥ 4 mm Hg) during HD. In the operated group, marked increases (≥ 7 mm Hg) were noted in 9 eyes and ocular pain in 5 eyes. Eyes with pre-existing outflow obstruction and/or acute postoperative outflow compromise carried high risks. No correlation with changes in serum osmolarity or blood pressure was found.
* CONCLUSION: Monitoring of IOP during HD seems warranted when diabetics with pre-existing outflow obstruction and/or postoperative outflow compromise, undergo HD following PPV.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:467-473]
Comparison of the Efficacy and Longevity of Nonpenetrating Glaucoma Surgery With and Without a New, Nonabsorbable Hydrophilic Implant
Authors: Dahan Elie , Ravinet Emilie , Ben-Simon Guy J , Mermoud Andre 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and longevity of nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery with and without the use of a nonabsorbable hydrophilic implant at the Oxford Eye Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa, and the Glaucoma Unit, Jules Gonin Ophthalmic Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a nonrandomized, prospective study between March 1997 and December 2001, 48 eyes of 32 patients aged 18 to 86 years with primary open-angle glaucoma underwent nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery; 25 eyes with the implant and 23 eyes without it. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was recorded preoperatively and postoperativeIy at 1, 7, and 14 days, at 1, 3, and 6 months, and thereafter every 6 months.
* RESULTS: The mean preoperative IOP was 27.5 ± 11.8 mm Hg (range, 20 to 64 mm Hg) in the implant group and 24.8 ±7.1 mm Hg (range, 16 to 38 mm Hg) in the control group. During the first 1 8 months of follow-up, both groups showed identical IOP progression and the mean IOP remained less than 14 mm Hg. After 2 years of follow-up, the IOP started to rise in the control group but remained stable in the impiant group. After 30 months, the mean IOP was 12.4 ± 2 mm Hg and the IOP decrease in percentage was 62% ± 6% in the implant group (n = 13) versus 16.1 ±3 mm Hg and 34% ± 13% in the control group (n = 15) (mean IOP, P = .0022; mean IOP decrease in percentage, P = .01).
* CONCLUSIONS: During the first 18 months, there was no difference in the outcomes between the two groups. After 2 years of follow-up, the mean IOP was lower and the IOP decrease in percentage was greater in the implant group compared with the control group.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2003;34:457463.]
Non-Mydriatic Panoramic Fundus Imaging Using a Non-Contact Scanning Laser-Based System
Authors: Friberg Thomas R , Pandya Angana , Eller Andrew W 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A non contact scanning laser-based retinal imaging system produces a 200° wide-field panoramic image of the fundus through the novel use of a large elliptical mirror. The authors investigated whether accurate diagnoses could be made from these images alone.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Images were obtained from both eyes of arbitrarily selected patients and were retrospectively reviewed by retinal specialists. Each physician made a diagnosis, suggested the follow-up interval, and determined whether any intervention was needed based solely on image review. Diabetic retinopathy was categorized as background retinopathy only, preprolìferative retinopathy, maculopathy, and proliferative retinopathy. The results of the image review were then compared with the results of clinical examination, and the sensitivity and specificity of the review were calculated.
* RESULTS: The correct overall diagnosis was made by the two specialists in 87% and 77% of cases, respectively; the specificity and sensitivity each averaged 76%. Follow-up interval recommendations from image review matched those made on clinical examination in 86% of cases. Diabetic retinopathy was correctly identified as a general diagnosis with a sensitivity of 94% and the follow-up recommendations corresponded to the clinical recommendations in 82%. Sixty-two percent of the images were judged to be of good quality or better, with only 6.4% deemed unreadable. Iris color did not influence image quality.
* CONCLUSION: The non-contact scanning laser-based retinal imaging system provides images of sufficient resolution and clarity to make accurate general diagnoses in a high percentage of cases. Its use as a screening device for specific diseases is feasible and merits further study.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2003;34:488497.]
Adjunctive Bevacizumab in Patients Undergoing Ahmed Valve Implantation: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rojo-Arnao María , Albis-Donado Oscar D. , Lliteras-Cardin Manuel , Kahook Malik Y. , Gil-Carrasco Félix 
Published: April 2021

Background and Objective:
To report on preliminary findings of adjunctive subconjunctival bevacizumab (SCB) injections in patients undergoing Ahmed valve implantation (AVI) (New World Medical, Rancho Cucamonga, CA).

Patients and Methods:
The study was approved by the institution’s ethics committee. Patients were prospectively recruited during a 1-month period and randomized to receive AVI with postoperative SCB (days 1 and 7, n = 7) or AVI without SCB (n = 6).

Results:

Baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) in the treatment (AVI+SCB) group was 19.4 ± 8.6 mm Hg, whereas baseline IOP in the control (AVI) group was 32.1 ± 17.7 mm Hg (
P
= .119). Final IOP was 13.8 mm Hg (n = 7) for the treatment group and 12.7 mm Hg for the control group (n = 5,
P
= .790). One eye in the control group required further glaucoma intervention at day 45 and was considered a failure. The pre-massage postoperative IOP was significantly lower for the treatment group only at day 45 (16.1 vs 26.0 mm Hg,
P
= .012). Mean post-massage IOP was significantly lower in the treatment group at day 15 (11.28 vs 17.16 mm Hg,
P
= .004), day 30 (11.28 vs 20.83 mm Hg,
P
= .015), and day 45 (12.16 vs 21.33 mm Hg,
P
= .001), and similar at month 3. Mean change in bleb area was 11.4 mm
2
in the treatment group and −0.4 mm
2
in the control group (
P
= .036 and
P
= .361, respectively, Student’s paired samples
t
test).

Conclusion:
Bevacizumab was associated with a less aggressive hypertensive period as measured by post-massage IOP measurements, postoperative glaucoma medications, and cross-sectional bleb area by ultrasound. Further prospective studies are needed to better understand the utility of SCB at the time of AVI surgery.
Holtzheim « Am Schluesselberg » (Bas-Rhin) : un habitat hallstattien de bord de terrasse lœssique dans la Plaine du Rhin supérieur
Authors: Kuhnle Gertrud , Tesnier-Hermetey Corinne 
Published: April 2021

Le petit habitat de plaine d’Holtzheim du Ha D3 témoigne entre autres par l’absence de tout matériel d’importation d’une communauté qui vivait en autarcie. Le lot de faune, faible en quantité mais riche en espèces, suggère que la chasse jouait un rôle important à côté de l’exploitation agricole.
Development of a Prone Team and Exploration of Staff Perceptions During COVID-19
Authors: Miguel Karen , Snydeman Colleen , Capasso Virginia , Walsh Mary Ann , Murphy John , Wang Xianghong Sean 
Published: April 2021

Objective:As intensive care unit bed capacity doubled because of COVID-19 cases, nursing leaders created a prone team to support labor-intensive prone positioning of patients with COVID-related acute respiratory distress syndrome. The goal of the prone team was to reduce workload on intensive care teams, standardize the proning process, mitigate pressure injuries and turning-related adverse events, and ensure prone team safety.Methods:Staff were trained using a hybrid learning model focused on prone-positioning techniques, pressure injury prevention, and turning-related adverse events.Results:No adverse events occurred to patients or members of the prone team. The prone team mitigated pressure injuries using prevention strategies. The prone team and intensive care unit staff were highly satisfied with their experience.Conclusion:The prone team provided support for critically ill patients, and team members reported feeling supported and empowered. Intensive care unit staff were highly satisfied with the prone team.
Performance After Concussion in National Hockey League Players
Authors: Neustadtl Aidan L. , Bukowski William K. , Neustadtl Alan , Milzman David 
Published: April 2021

Context
Concussions in ice hockey players are an interesting area of study due to the fast-paced and high-impact nature of the sport. Recently, researchers have focused on player performance after return from concussion to evaluate subclinical deficits that were previously missed.

Objective
To examine National Hockey League (NHL) player performance from 2013 to 2019 and compare performance before a concussion with performance immediately after recovering to assess the current NHL return-to-play protocol.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
The NHL Injury Viz and sports reporting websites.

Patients or Other Participants
Players in the NHL who sustained concussions from 2013 to 2019.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Goals, assists, points, plus-minus, time on ice (TOI), and hits.

Results
When goals, assists, points, plus-minus, TOI, and hits were examined, only TOI was different after the players returned from injury, and this TOI difference was not substantively important.

Conclusions
After concussion, NHL player performance did not change.
The Global Case-Fatality Rate of COVID-19 Has Been Declining Since May 2020
Authors: Hasan Mohammad Nayeem , Haider Najmul , Stigler Florian L. , Khan Rumi Ahmed , McCoy David , Zumla Alimuddin , Kock Richard A. , Uddin Md. Jamal 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.The objective of this study was to evaluate the trend of reported case fatality rate (rCFR) of COVID-19 over time, using globally reported COVID-19 cases and mortality data. We collected daily COVID-19 diagnoses and mortality data from the WHO’s daily situation reports dated January 1 to December 31, 2020. We performed three time-series models [simple exponential smoothing, auto-regressive integrated moving average, and automatic forecasting time-series (Prophet)] to identify the global trend of rCFR for COVID-19. We used beta regression models to investigate the association between the rCFR and potential predictors of each country and reported incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of each variable. The weekly global cumulative COVID-19 rCFR reached a peak at 7.23% during the 17th week (April 22–28, 2020). We found a positive and increasing trend for global daily rCFR values of COVID-19 until the 17th week (pre-peak period) and then a strong declining trend up until the 53rd week (post-peak period) toward 2.2% (December 29–31, 2020). In pre-peak of rCFR, the percentage of people aged 65 and above and the prevalence of obesity were significantly associated with the COVID-19 rCFR. The declining trend of global COVID-19 rCFR was not merely because of increased COVID-19 testing, because COVID-19 tests per 1,000 population had poor predictive value. Decreasing rCFR could be explained by an increased rate of infection in younger people or by the improvement of health care management, shielding from infection, and/or repurposing of several drugs that had shown a beneficial effect on reducing fatality because of COVID-19.
Influence of nitrogen sources on ethanol production by Saccharomyces Spp in the presence of formic acid
Authors: Oshoma C.E. , Obueh Henrietta O. 
Published: April 2021

Formic acid is one of the major inhibitory compounds present in hydrolysates derived from lignocellulosic materials, the presence of which can significantly hamper the efficiency of converting available sugars in the hydrolysates to bioethanol. The influence of different nitrogen sources supplemented media on bioethanol fermentation with Saccharomyces spp in the presence of formic acid was studied. The addition of ammonium sulphate and urea significantly increased cell number, glucose utilization, ethanol and glycerol production when compared with control media. It was observed that supplementation with nitrogen sources contributed assimilable nitrogen for the yeast strains growth when stressed with formic acid. The best concentration of nitrogen to be utilized by yeast was found to be 0.80 gN/L. The maximum cell numbers were 8.17± 0.23x 107 and 8.68± 0.16x 107 cells/mL for ammonium sulphate medium while control had the least of 4.00± 0.20x 107 and 4.97± 0.08x 107 cells/mL for S. cerevisiae NCYC2592 and S. arboricolus 2.3319 respectively. Ethanol accumulation increased with the consumption of glucose. The maximum ethanol production were 20.49 ± 1.24 and 19.74± 0.89 g/L using ammonium sulphate for S. cerevisiae NCYC2592 and S. arboricolus 2.3319 respectively. There was significant difference in ethanol production when the nitrogen sources were compared with the control medium (p< 0.05). The highest glycerol produced were 2.21 ± 0.04 and 3.11± 0.05 g/L using ammonium sulphate for S. cerevisiae NCYC2592 and S. arboricolus 2.3319 respectively. The conclusion was that yeast tolerance to formic acid and ethanol production could be achieved when fermentation medium is supplemented with nitrogen sources specifically ammonium sulphate.Keywords: Lignocellulose, inhibitors, Saccharomyces, fermentation, yeast, biofuel
Characterization and physico-chemical analysis of essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus leaves
Authors: Olayemi R.F. , Jawonisi I.O. , Samuel J.A. 
Published: April 2021

The genus Cymbopogon is important from the point of view of their essential oils. Essential oils from these species are widely used in flavours, fragrances, cosmetics, soaps, detergents and perfumery owing to their typical lemon-like aroma. Essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus was extracted by hydrodistillation and characterized using Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR).The oil was also subjected to physico-chemical analysis, the physical and chemical properties evaluated were Boiling point (74oC), Specific gravity (0.8960), Refractive index (1.4838) and pH (6.00) at 25oC. Saponification value(109.76) and Acid value (0.55) mg KOH/g oil. Iodine value (100g of I2/g oil) 105, Ester value (189.21), Residue on evaporation (10%) at 100oC.The chemical composition of the essential oil analyzed by GC-MS showed citral (31.1%), β-Myrcene (14.2%), citronellal (9.8%), limonene oxide (7.7%), eraniol (7.3%) and linalool (6.2%) as the major compounds. The FTIR spectra revealed the presence of n-alkane, conjugated alkene, primary amide, amine, aldehyde, primary and secondary alcohols. The results obtained from the physico-chemical parameters, and functional groups identified by FTIR as well as the compounds identified by GC-MS revealed that the oil has medicinal and nutritive values as well as industrial applications in the pharmaceutical, perfumery and cosmetic industries .Keywords: Characterization, Citral, Cymbopogon citratus, Essential oil, FTIR, GC-MS