bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety of Red Blood Cell Transfusion Using Small Central Lines in Neonates: An in vitro Non-inferiority Study
Authors: Rosa-Mangeret Flavia , Waldvogel-Abramowski Sophie , Pfister Riccardo E. , Baud Olivier , Fau Sébastien 
Published: March 2021

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the safety of transfusing red blood cell concentrates (RBCCs) through small [24 gauge (24G)] and extra-small [28 gauge [28G)] peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs), according to guidelines of transfusion practice in Switzerland.Methods: We performed a non-inferiority in vitro study to assess the safety of transfusing RBCC for 4 h at a 4 ml/h speed through 24G silicone and 28G polyurethane PICC lines, compared with a peripheral 24G short catheter. The primary endpoint was hemolysis percentage. Secondary endpoints were catheter occlusion, inline pressure, and potassium and lactate values.Results: For the primary outcome, hemolysis values were not statistically different among catheter groups (0.06% variation, p = 0.95) or over time (2.75% variation, p = 0.72). The highest hemolysis values in both 24G and 28G PICCs were below the non-inferiority predefined margin. We did not observe catheter occlusion. Inline pressure varied between catheters but followed the same pattern of rapid increase followed by stabilization. Potassium and lactate measurements were not statistically different among tested catheters (0.139% variation, p = 0.98 for potassium and 0.062%, p = 0.96 for lactates).Conclusions: This study shows that RBCC transfusion performed in vitro through 24G silicone and 28G polyurethane PICC lines is feasible without detectable hemolysis or pressure concerns. Also, it adds that, concerning hemolysis, transfusion of RBCC in small and extra-small PICC lines is non-inferior to peripheral short 24G catheters. Clinical prospective assessment in preterm infants is needed to confirm these data further.
Liangxue Jiedu Formula Improves Psoriasis and Dyslipidemia Comorbidity via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Xie Xinran , Zhang Lei , Li Xue , Liu Weihong , Wang Ping , Lin Yan , Han Xuyang , Li Ping 
Published: March 2021

The pathological mechanism of psoriasis and dyslipidemia comorbidity is unclear, and there are few reports on therapy. By establishing an animal model of ApoE−/− mice induced by imiquimod (IMQ), we explored the effects of Liangxue Jiedu formula (LXJDF), a traditional Chinese herb medicine, on psoriasis and dyslipidemia comorbidity through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The experiment was divided into a control group, a model group, an LXJDF high-dose group, an LXJDF low-dose group, and a positive drug (atorvastatin) group. Each group of mice was given continuous oral administration once a day. After 3 weeks, the mice dorsal skins were smeared with 62.5 mg of 5% IMQ cream for five consecutive days and continued to be given the corresponding drugs. We observed the effects of LXJDF on skin lesion changes, PASI score, pathological characteristics, blood lipid levels (TC, TG, LDL, HDL, and oxLDL), liver pathology, inflammatory factors in the skin, and the protein expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in both the skin and liver. The results showed that LXJDF could significantly improve the psoriasiform skin lesions of IMQ-induced ApoE−/− mice, including the reduction of PASI, thinning of epidermal thickness, inhibition of hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis, and inflammatory infiltration in the dermis, and reduce lipid accumulation in the epidermal. LXJDF could regulate blood lipid levels, reduce liver inflammation, and protect the liver. LXJDF could significantly decrease the gene expressions of inflammatory factors IL-17A, IL-23, IL-6, and TNF-α in the skin. LXJDF showed specific inhibition of PI3K, Akt, mTOR protein, and its phosphorylation expressions. In conclusion, LXJDF exerts an intervention effect on psoriasis and dyslipidemia comorbidity via PI3K/Akt/mTOR and its phosphorylation pathway.
Understanding the impact of professional motivation on the workforce crisis in medicine: a rapid review
Authors: Andah Efioanwan , Essang Blessing , Friend Charlotte , Greenley Sarah , Harvey Kathryn , Spears Maria , Reeve Joanne 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe NHS is facing a workforce crisis. Responses to date have focused on improving recruitment of staff, but less attention has been paid to retention.AimTo conduct a rapid review using Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s three Ms model of workforce motivation as a sensitising framework to examine the current medical workforce crisis. The work considers how insights from research in other professions offers new thinking for understanding what motivates doctors to continue working.Design & settingRapid literature review with secondary analysis of existing research examining reasons for leaving medicine.MethodA systematic search strategy was developed with the aid of an information specialist. The search terms used were: medical professionals, retention, and NHS. The exclusions were: commentaries, non-medical professionals, non-English language, and it was limited to post-1990. The search was applied to three electronic databases, MEDLINE, Embase, and Healthcare Management Information Consortium (HMIC). This produced a dataset describing study design, and factors related to motivation for leaving the medical profession. Comparative thematic analysis distilled core themes explaining the reasons for leaving and their relation to the three Ms model.ResultsOf 3389 abstracts identified, screening and assessment produced 82 articles included in the final analysis. Thematic analysis identified four key themes: low morale, disconnect, unmanageable change, and lack of personal and professional support. The themes of mastery, membership, and meaning were substantially present within the dataset.ConclusionKanter's three Ms model of motivation can be applied to the medical workforce to understand retention issues. This work supports the development of targeted solutions to tackle the worsening workforce crisis.
Supporting bereavement and complicated grief in primary care: a realist review
Authors: Pearce Caroline , Wong Geoff , Kuhn Isla , Barclay Stephen 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundBereavement can have significant impacts on physical and mental health, and a minority of people experience complicated and prolonged grief responses. Primary care is ideally situated to offer bereavement care, yet UK provision remains variable and practitioners feel uncertain how best to support bereaved patients.AimTo identify what works, how, and for whom, in the management of complicated grief (CG) in primary care.Design & settingA review of evidence on the management of CG and bereavement in UK primary care settings.MethodA realist approach was taken that aims to provide causal explanations through the generation and articulation of contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes.ResultsForty-two articles were included. Evidence on the primary care management of complicated or prolonged grief was limited. GPs and nurses view bereavement support as part of their role, yet experience uncertainty over the appropriate extent of their involvement. Patients and clinicians often have differing views on the role of primary care in bereavement. Training in bereavement, local systems for reporting deaths, practitioner time, and resources can assist or hinder bereavement care provision. Practitioners find bereavement care can be emotionally challenging. Understanding patients’ needs can encourage a proactive response and help identify appropriate support.ConclusionBereavement care in primary care remains variable and practitioners feel unprepared to provide appropriate bereavement care. Patients at higher risk of complicated or prolonged grief may fail to receive the support they need from primary care. Further research is required to address the potential unmet needs of bereaved patients.
KAJIAN PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI BERDASARKAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN
Authors: Maranatha Sitorus Merinda , Melkias Boiliu Fredik 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAK
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan teknologi di era disrupsi 4.0 dan persiapan menuju 5.0 mengikuti iman Kristen. Teknologi sudah ada sejak manusia diciptakan menurut gambar dan rupa Tuhan (Imago Dei) Kejadian 1: 27-28, dimana Dia memerintahkan mereka untuk mengembangkan teknologi dan campur tangan dalam menentukan dimensi ruang di kapal, bahkan bahannya. Dalam hal ini, keterlibatan Tuhan dalam menciptakan teknologi menunjukkan bahwa itu dimaksudkan untuk digunakan untuk keselamatan manusia dan memuliakan Tuhan. Sebagai manusia pertama, Adam diperintahkan untuk merawat hewan lain yang diciptakan Tuhan, dan ini telah menjadi proyek tidak langsung yang diberikan kepada manusia hingga saat ini. Tuhan melengkapi manusia dengan akal; Oleh karena itu, melalui pemikiran inilah mereka dengan cepat mengembangkan teknologi sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman dan peradaban yang saat ini berada di era disrupsi 4.0 dan menuju generasi 5.0 dimana manusia menciptakan teknologi dengan cepat dan canggih. Pendidikan Kristen dianalisa terhadap perkembangan teknologi untuk memahami manusia bahwa semua teknologi yang canggih berasal dari Tuhan karena Dialah Arsitek. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah studi pustaka dan studi pustaka
Sistem Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Web Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Siswa Di Era Pandemi
Authors: Nasser Asep Aziz , Arifudin Opan , Barlian Ujang Cepi , Sauri Sofyan 
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang Sistem perekrutan siswa baru untuk meningkatkan mutu siswa. Penelitian sistem penerimaan siswa baru berbasis web ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yakni metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi obyek yang alamiah dimana peneliti adalah sebagai instrumen kunci. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa perencanaan system perekrutan siswa baru sudah sesuai dengan standar dilihat dari terlaksananya indicator memperhatikan daya tampung dan besarnya kelas (class size), adanya kriteria calon siswa, adanya penerapan sistem yang objektif, transparan dan akuntabel dan adanya prosedur baku yang diterapkan dalam PSB. Pengorganisasian penerimaan siswa baru kriteria penerimaan dan sistem seleksi, dilakukannya pembuatan, pemasangan dan pengiriman pengumuman siswa baru, dilakukannya pendaftraan siswa baru, dilakukannya proses seleksi siswa baru, penentuan siswa baru yang diterima, pengumuman siswa baru yang diterima, dan dilakukannya registrasi/daftar ulang bagi siswa baru yang diterima. Pengarahan system perekrutan siswa baru dengan indikator berbagai jalur seleksi penerimaan siswa baru, masuk dalam kategori standar karena menerapkan tiga jalur seleksi dalam penerimaan siswa baru yaitu jalur regular, jalur prestasi dan jalur lingkungan. Sedangkan untuk indikator pelaksanaan masa orientasi siswa masuk dalam kategori standar. Pengendalian perekrutan siswa baru terlihat dari terlaksananya indikator monitoring dan evaluasi. Monitoring dan evaluasi baru dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah, sedangkan monitoring dan evaluasi oleh komite sekolah.
Model Pendidikan Kewirausahaan di Pondok Pesantren Al-Insan Kota Cilegon Provinsi Banten
Authors: Muhiyi  
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh anggapan yang menyatakan bahwa pondok pesantran Al-Insan adalah lembaga pendidikan yang akan mendidik santrinya dengan ilmu-ilmu agama saja dan tidak peka terhadap urusan kemasyarakatan dan perekonomian. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Metodelogi yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah metode fenomenologi. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan content analysis. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah sejumlah dokumen-dokumen Pondok Pesantren Al-Ihsan, hasil wawancara dengan narasumber, sedangkan yang dijadikan sumber sekunder terdiri-dari buku dan berbagai tulisan, jurnal, website, dan berbagai referensi lainnya tentang tiga pesantren tersebut. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis yaitu dengan menggambarkan dan memaparkan data-data dalam bentuk urian yang sistematis komprehensif dan holistic, kemudian dianalisis dengan pendekatan sejarah social pendidikan Islam, yaitu dengan melihat proses-proses lahirnya lembaga tersebut dengan berbagai faktor sosiologis yang mempengaruhinya. Temuan penelitian ini antara lain bahwa model pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pondok pesantren Al-Insan tidak hanya berhasil melahirkan para ulama yang ahli dalam ilmu agama, tetapi ikut serta dalam mengembangkan kewirausahaan, yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor social, ekonomi, budaya, dan yang lainnya. Ini artinya pondok pesantren Al-Insan ingin memadukan kepentingan ukhrawi dan duniawi, tetapi yang pertama harus didahulukan.
Monitoring dan Alarm Jumlah Penumpang pada Angkutan Umum
Authors: Mochamad Ravi Adia Pramesti  , Rafi Abdul Rasyd Muhamad , Rizki Alfani Refki , Dzaki Pasya Sundava Muharammi , Putrie Ghantina Ghita , Hasbi Ash Shiddieqy Muhammad 
Published: March 2021

Salah satu masalah saat ini di dunia adalah pademi covid-19. Tak terkecuali di Indonesia yang ikut terkena dampak dari virus tersebut baik secara sosial, yaitu kita diharuskan menerapkan sosial distancing. Maupun secara ekonomi, yang berdampak terhadap sebagian kalangan UMKM maupun perusahaan besar. Menurut data pada tanggal 11 September 2020 di pemerintah setempat Kecamatan Banjaran, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat terdapat tiga orang dinyatakan positif, dan tiga orang suspek. Hal ini sangat menghawatirkan, mengingat salah satu ruangan yang tepat dimasuki banyak orang adalah angkutan umum, ketika fase new normal diberlakukan, angkutan kota di Banjaran masih dipenuhi oleh lalu-lalang masyarakat tanpa protokol kesehatan yang ketat karena kurangnya sosialisasi dan pengawasan angkutan kota di daerah tersebut ehingga perlu adanya sistem otomatis yang dapat memudahkan pengendara dalam mengontrol jumlah penumpang pada transportasi umum. Sistem tersebut dibuat dengan menggunakan bantuan sensor ultrasonic dan buzzer. Buzzer ini akan berbunyi seperti alarm jika jumlah penumpang dalam angkutan umum melebihi kapasitas yang telah ditentukan. Harapannya, dengan adanya alat tersebut dapat menjadi solusi yang efektif untuk menekan penyebaran covid-19 terutama di angkutan umum.
KOMUNIKASI ESTETIK DI MASA PANDEMI Sebuah Catatan Pengalaman Peciptaan Patung Nyi Ronggeng
Authors: Supriatna  
Published: March 2021

Berkarya seni rupa pada masa pandemi covid-19 merupakan pengalaman yang cukup menantang bagi seniman. Diterapkannya kebijakan pemerintah mengenai Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB), dalam waktu yang tidak bisa ditentukan, memaksa setiap orang termasuk seniman untuk lebih banyak tinggal di rumah, bagi seniman kondisi seperti ini telah berdampak pada keterbatasan dalam mendapatkan ruang berekspresi, untuk berinteraksi dengan publiknya, yakni sanggar maupun galeri. Pada sisi lain seniman juga kesulitan untuk mendapatkan stok medium berkarya, seperti: kanvas dan cat minyak. Kondisi seperti ini memaksa seniman untuk berkreativitas mencari jalan keluar, sehingga hasrat seninya tetap tercapai. Penggunaan medium non konvensional untuk berkarya adalah jawaban seniman kerap lakukan, mengingat medium ini jumlahnya tidak terbatas, serta masih sangat luas untuk dieksplorasi, menjadi bentuk seni baru. Begitupun mengenai ruang saluran ekspresi, untuk mendapat umpan balik dari publik seninya, bisa memanfaatkan piranti teknologi komunikasi, melalui aplikasi interaktif. Pameran dan diskusi seni di ruang maya menjadi alternatif baru, dengan jangkauan dan publik yang lebih luas. Kreatifitas ini menarik mengingat melingkupi penyikapan seniman atas medium serta bagaimana komunikasi seni sebagai dilemma yang harus diatasi.
Neurotherapy Intervention: A novel approach of healing
Authors: Jyoti Saras , Parihar Ram Gopal , Gandhi Ajay 
Published: March 2021

Background: Neurotherapy is an alternative and complementary medicine originated in India. It is drugless holistic treatment founded and developed by Sh. Lajpatrai Mehra respectfully called “Guruji” by using ancient knowledge of ‘Nadi Vigyan’ (knowledge of nervous system), Ayureveda and principles of Anatomy and Physiology.
Summary: t uses the finding of medical physiology but views them from a uniquely and refreshing approach, one that negates the use of medicines or drugs. Supported by basis of physiology, Dr. Lajpatrai Mehra (Guruji) has combined these palpations with symptoms and related them with various health conditions.
Key message: The therapy acts on root-cause of the disease. It uncovers the root cause of the disease and cures the same in a sophisticated manner without the use of drugs or medication. It is simple therapy with potential to normalize or revive the functioning of the organs
WIYN Open Cluster Study. LXXXV. Li in NGC 2243: Implications for Stellar and Galactic Evolution
Authors: Anthony-Twarog Barbara J. , Deliyannis Constantine P. , Twarog Bruce A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
High-dispersion spectra in the Li λ6708 region have been obtained and analyzed in the old, metal-deficient cluster NGC 2243. From Hydra spectra for 29 astrometric and radial velocity members, we derive rotational velocities, as well as [Fe/H], [Ca/H], [Si/H], and [Ni/H] based on 17, 1, 1, and 3 lines, respectively. Using ROBOSPECT, an automatic equivalent width measurement program, we derive [Fe/H] = −0.54 ± 0.11 (MAD), for an internal precision for the cluster [Fe/H] below 0.03 dex. Given the more restricted line set, comparable values for [Ca/H], [Si/H], and [Ni/H] are −0.48 ± 0.19, −0.44 ± 0.11, and −0.61 ± 0.06, respectively. With E(B − V) = 0.055, appropriate isochrones imply (m − M) = 13.2 ± 0.1 and an age of 3.6 ± 0.2 Gyr. Using available VLT spectra and published Li abundances, we construct an Li sample of over 100 stars extending from the tip of the giant branch to 0.5 mag below the Li dip. The Li dip is well populated and, when combined with results for NGC 6819 and Hyades/Praesepe, implies a mass/metallicity slope of 0.4 M
⊙/dex for the high-mass edge of the Li dip. The A(Li) distribution among giants reflects the degree of Li variation among the turnoff stars above the Li dip, itself a function of stellar mass and metallicity and strongly anticorrelated with a v
rot distribution that dramatically narrows with age. Potential implications of these patterns for the interpretation of Li among dwarf and giant field populations, especially selection biases tied to age and metallicity, are discussed.
Natively Periodic Fast Multipole Method: Approximating the Optimal Green’s Function
Authors: Gnedin Nickolay Y. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The fast multipole method (FMM) obeys periodic boundary conditions “natively” if it uses a periodic Green’s function for computing the multipole expansion in the interaction zone of each FMM oct-tree node. One can define the “optimal” Green’s function for such a method that results in the numerical solution that converges to the equivalent particle-mesh (PM) solution in the limit of sufficiently high order of multipoles. A discrete functional equation for the optimal Green’s function can be derived, but is not practically useful as methods for its solution are not known. Instead, this paper presents an approximation for the optimal Green’s function that is accurate to better than 10−3 in

norm and 10−4 in L
2 norm for practically useful multipole counts. Such an approximately optimal Green’s function offers a practical way for implementing the FMM with periodic boundary conditions natively, without the need to compute lattice sums or to rely on hybrid FMM-PM approaches.
Living with Neighbors. III. The Origin of the Spin–Orbit Alignment of Galaxy Pairs: A Neighbor versus the Large-scale Structure
Authors: Moon Jun-Sung , An Sung-Ho , Yoon Suk-Jin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recent observations revealed a coherence between the spin vector of a galaxy and the orbital motion of its neighbors. We refer to the phenomenon as “the spin–orbit alignment (SOA)” and explore its physical origin via the IllustrisTNG simulation. This is the first study to utilize a cosmological hydrodynamic simulation to investigate the SOA of galaxy pairs. In particular, we identify paired galaxies at z = 0 having the nearest neighbor with mass ratios from 1/10 to 10 and calculate the spin–orbit angle for each pair. Our results are as follows. (a) There exists a clear preference for prograde orientations (i.e., SOA) for galaxy pairs, qualitatively consistent with observations. (b) The SOA is significant for both baryonic and dark matter spins, being the strongest for gas and the weakest for dark matter. (c) The SOA is stronger for less massive targets and for targets having closer neighbors. (d) The SOA strengthens for galaxies in low-density regions, and the signal is dominated by central–satellite pairs in low-mass halos. (e) There is an explicit dependence of the SOA on the duration of interaction with its current neighbor. Taken together, we propose that the SOA witnessed at z = 0 has been developed mainly by interactions with a neighbor for an extended period of time, rather than tidal torque from the ambient large-scale structure.
Pre-eruption Splitting of the Double-decker Structure in a Solar Filament
Authors: Pan Hanya , Liu Rui , Gou Tingyu , Kliem Bernhard , Su Yingna , Chen Jun , Wang Yuming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Solar filaments often erupt partially. Although how they split remains elusive, the splitting process has the potential of revealing the filament structure and eruption mechanism. Here we investigate the pre-eruption splitting of an apparently single filament and its subsequent partial eruption on 2012 September 27. The evolution is characterized by three stages with distinct dynamics. During the quasi-static stage, the splitting proceeds gradually for about 1.5 hr, with the upper branch rising at a few kilometers per second and displaying swirling motions about its axis. During the precursor stage that lasts for about 10 minutes, the upper branch rises at tens of kilometers per second, with a pair of conjugated dimming regions starting to develop at its footpoints; with the swirling motions turning chaotic, the axis of the upper branch whips southward, which drives an arc-shaped extreme-ultraviolet front propagating in a similar direction. During the eruption stage, the upper branch erupts with the onset of a C3.7-class two-ribbon flare, while the lower branch remains stable. Judging from the well-separated footpoints of the upper branch from those of the lower one, we suggest that the pre-eruption filament processes a double-decker structure composed of two distinct flux bundles, whose formation is associated with gradual magnetic flux cancellations and converging photospheric flows around the polarity inversion line.