bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
30‐day readmission following urgent and elective transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A Nationwide Readmission Database analysis
Authors: Amgai Birendra , Patel Neelkumar , Chakraborty Sandipan , Bandyopadhyay Dhrubajyoti , Hajra Adrija , Koirala Soniya , Ghosh Raktim K. , Aronow Wilbert S. , Lavie Carl J. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Abbott J. Dawn , Kapadia Samir 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is being increasingly used for decompensated severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. Data on urgent and elective TAVR readmission is scarce in the literature. Here, we have performed a retrospective cohort study with the Nationwide Readmission Database of 2016 to identify the rate of 30‐day all‐cause readmission, common causes of readmission, and distribution of morbidity in index admission and readmission after urgent and elective TAVR.MethodsWe used International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes (02R.F38H, 02R.F38Z, 02R.F48Z) for identification of all TAVR procedures done in 2016 in patients >18 years old. We found 8379 patients who underwent urgent TAVR and 32,006 patients who underwent elective TAVR in 2016.ResultThe mean age of patients undergoing urgent TAVR was 79 ± 9.97 years with 44.6% women. The mean age of patients undergoing elective TAVR was 80.7 ± 8.25 years with 46.2% women. We found the 30‐day all‐cause readmission rate of 15.5% and 9.5% in patients undergoing urgent and elective TAVR, respectively (p < 0.001). The cardiac cause was the predominant cause of readmission in both groups (43.77% vs. 42.11%, p = 0.57), followed by pulmonary cause, gastrointestinal (GI) cause, and renal cause. Among cardiac causes, congestive heart failure (CHF) was predominant cause of readmission and was similar in both groups (18.73 in urgent TAVR vs. 15.73 in elective TAVR, p = 0.12).ConclusionWe found that the all‐cause 30‐day readmission rate was higher in patients who had undergone urgent TAVR. Further studies are needed to better understand this difference.
Heterometallic Mg−Ba Hydride Clusters in Hydrogenation Catalysis
Authors: Wiesinger Michael , Knüpfer Christian , Elsen Holger , Mai Jonathan , Langer Jens , Harder Sjoerd 
Published: August 2021

AbstractReaction of a MgN“2/BaN”2 mixture (N“=N(SiMe3)2) with PhSiH3 gave three unique heterometallic Mg/Ba hydride clusters: Mg5Ba4H11N”7 ⋅ (benzene)2 (1), Mg4Ba7H13N“9 ⋅ (toluene)2 (2) and Mg7Ba12H26N”12 (3). Product formation is controlled by the Mg/Ba ratio and temperature. Crystal structures are described. While 3 is fully insoluble, clusters 1 and 2 retain their structures in aromatic solvents. DFT calculations and AIM analyses indicate highly ionic bonding with Mg−H and Ba−H bond paths. Also unusual H−⋅⋅⋅H− bond paths are observed. Catalytic hydrogenation with MgN“2, BaN”2 and the mixture MgN“2/BaN”2 has been studied. Whereas MgN“2 is only active in imine hydrogenation, alkene and alkyne hydrogenation needs the presence of Ba. The catalytic activity of the MgN”2/BaN“2 mixture lies in general between that of its individual components and strong cooperative effects are not evident.
A 2‐year prospective analysis of insomnia as a mediator of the relationship between androgen deprivation therapy and perceived cognitive function in men with prostate cancer
Authors: Garland Sheila N. , Savard Josée , Eisel Sarah L. , Wassersug Richard J. , Rockwood Nicholas J. , Thoms John , Jim Heather S. L. , Gonzalez Brian D. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) may affect cognitive function in men with prostate cancer (PCa). This study examined whether insomnia symptoms mediate the relationship between ADT and perceived cognitive function and whether depressive symptoms, fatigue severity, and physical activity moderate the strength of this relationship.MethodsThis was a prospective study of ADT recipients (n = 83) who were matched with control patients with PCa who were not on ADT (n = 92) and with controls with no history of cancer (n = 112) over a 2‐year follow‐up period. Perceived cognitive function and satisfaction were assessed with the Everyday Cognition Scale. Insomnia was assessed with the Insomnia Severity Index. Multilevel mediation analyses were conducted to estimate the indirect effect of ADT on perceived cognitive function through insomnia symptoms. Exploratory moderated mediation analyses assessed whether the indirect effect of ADT on perceived cognitive function through insomnia symptoms was dependent on levels of fatigue, depression, or physical activity.ResultsInsomnia symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between receipt of ADT and perceived cognitive function (P < .001) and satisfaction with cognition (P < .001) after controlling for comorbidities. Men with greater fatigue had a more pronounced association of ADT with insomnia severity. Men with greater depressive symptoms had a stronger association between insomnia severity and worse perceived cognitive function. Physical activity was not a significant moderator of the relationship between ADT and perceived cognitive function.ConclusionsInsomnia influenced the relationship between ADT and perceived cognitive abilities. Interventions to address insomnia, fatigue, and depression may improve perceived cognitive function.
The Drude‐Smith Equation and Related Equations for the Frequency‐Dependent Electrical Conductivity of Materials: Insight from a Memory Function Formalism
Authors: Chen Wei‐Chen , Marcus Rudolph A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Wei‐Chen Chen and Rudolph A. Marcus. The image shows an electron undergoing backscattering in a disordered solid, a phenomenon commonly described using the Drude‐Smith equation represented by the damping curve. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.202100299.
Evaluation of Manganese Cubanoid Clusters for Water Oxidation Catalysis: From Well‐Defined Molecular Coordination Complexes to Catalytically Active Amorphous Films
Authors: Hosseinmardi Soosan , Scheurer Andreas , Heinemann Frank W. , Kuepper Karsten , Senft Laura , Waldschmidt Pablo , Ivanović‐Burmazović Ivana , Meyer Karsten 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith a view to developing multimetallic molecular catalysts that mimic the oxygen‐evolving catalyst (OEC) in Nature's photosystem II, the synthesis of various dicubanoid manganese clusters is described and their catalytic activity investigated for water oxidation in basic, aqueous solution. Pyridinemethanol‐based ligands are known to support polynuclear and cubanoid structures in manganese coordination chemistry. The chelators 2,6‐pyridinedimethanol (H2L1) and 6‐methyl‐2‐pyridinemethanol (HL2) were chosen to yield polynuclear manganese complexes; namely, the tetranuclear defective dicubanes [MnII2MnIII2(HL1)4(OAc)4(OMe)2] and [MnII2MnIII2(HL1)6(OAc)2] (OAc)2⋅2 H2O, as well as the octanuclear‐dicubanoid [MnII6MnIII2(L2)4(O)2(OAc)10(HOMe/OH2)2]⋅3MeOH⋅MeCN. In freshly prepared solutions, polynuclear species were detected by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, whereas X‐band electron paramagnetic resonance studies in dilute, liquid solution suggested the presence of divalent mononuclear Mn species with g values of 2. However, the magnetochemical investigation of the complexes’ solutions by the Evans technique confirmed a haphazard combination of manganese coordination complexes, from mononuclear to polynuclear species. Subsequently, the newly synthesized and characterized manganese molecular complexes were employed as precursors to prepare electrode‐deposited films in a buffer‐free solution to evaluate and compare their stability and catalytic activity for water oxidation electrocatalysis.
Erdbebennachweis von Mauerwerksbauten mit realistischen Modellen und erhöhten Verhaltensbeiwerten
Authors: El‐Deib Khaled , Butenweg Christoph , Klinkel Sven 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDie Anwendung des linearen Nachweiskonzepts auf Mauerwerksbauten führt dazu, dass bereits heute Standsicherheitsnachweise für Gebäude mit üblichen Grundrissen in Gebieten mit moderaten Erdbebeneinwirkungen nicht mehr geführt werden können. Diese Problematik wird sich in Deutschland mit der Einführung kontinuierlicher probabilistischer Erdbebenkarten weiter verschärfen. Aufgrund der Erhöhung der seismischen Einwirkungen, die sich vielerorts ergibt, ist es erforderlich, die vorhandenen, bislang nicht berücksichtigten Tragfähigkeitsreserven in nachvollziehbaren Nachweiskonzepten in der Baupraxis verfügbar zu machen. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt ein Konzept für die gebäudespezifische Ermittlung von erhöhten Verhaltensbeiwerten vor. Die Verhaltensbeiwerte setzen sich aus drei Anteilen zusammen, mit denen die Lastumverteilung im Grundriss, die Verformungsfähigkeit und Energiedissipation sowie die Überfestigkeiten berücksichtigt werden. Für die rechnerische Ermittlung dieser drei Anteile wird ein nichtlineares Nachweiskonzept auf Grundlage von Pushover‐Analysen vorgeschlagen, in denen die Interaktionen von Wänden und Geschossdecken durch einen Einspanngrad beschrieben werden. Für die Bestimmung der Einspanngrade wird ein nichtlinearer Modellierungsansatz eingeführt, mit dem die Interaktion von Wänden und Decken abgebildet werden kann. Die Anwendung des Konzepts mit erhöhten gebäudespezifischen Verhaltensbeiwerten wird am Beispiel eines Mehrfamilienhauses aus Kalksandsteinen demonstriert. Die Ergebnisse der linearen Nachweise mit erhöhten Verhaltensbeiwerten für dieses Gebäude liegen deutlich näher an den Ergebnissen nichtlinearer Nachweise und somit bleiben übliche Grundrisse in Erdbebengebieten mit den traditionellen linearen Rechenansätzen nachweisbar.
Marking through molts: An evaluation of visible implant elastomer to permanently mark individuals in a lower termite species
Authors: Padget Rebecca F. B. , Thompson Faye J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Advances in individual marking methods have facilitated detailed studies of animal populations and behavior as they allow tracking of individuals through time and space. Hemimetabolous insects, representing a wide range of commonly used model organisms, present a unique challenge to individual marking as they are not only generally small‐bodied, but also molt throughout development, meaning that traditional surface marks are not persistent.

Visible implant elastomer (VIE) offers a potential solution as small amounts of the inert polymer can be implanted under the skin or cuticle of an animal. VIE has proved useful for individually marking fish, crustaceans, and amphibians in both field and laboratory studies and has recently been successfully trialed in laboratory populations of worms and fly larvae. We trialed VIE in the single‐piece nesting termite Zootermopsis angusticollis, a small hemimetabolous insect.

We found that there was no effect of VIE on survival and that marks persisted following molting. However, we found some evidence that marked termites performed less allogrooming and trophallaxis than controls, although effect sizes were very small.

Our study suggests that VIE is an effective technique for marking small hemimetabolous insects like termites but we advocate that caution is applied, particularly when behavioral observation is important.
Designing Efficient MoS2/g‐C3N4 Hybrid Photocatalysts by Regulating the Interlayer Spacing of MoS2
Authors: Ding Jinghan , Wang Yijin , Guo Shaohui , Zhang Youzi , Xin Xu , Tang Songwei , Liu Sibi , Li Xuanhua 
Published: August 2021

Abstractg‐C3N4 as an appealing photocatalyst has received much attention due to its abundance, nontoxicity, and unique photoelectric properties. However, bare g‐C3N4 usually suffers from restricted light absorbance and serious carriers recombination. The key issue of boosting the photocatalytic performance of the g‐C3N4 lies in constructing hybrids for better optical and electrical effects. Here, the MoS2 with different interlayer spacing is integrated with g‐C3N4 via calcination and hydrothermal methods to form the high‐performance MoS2/g‐C3N4 hybrid photocatalyst. Optimized energy‐band alignment with g‐C3N4 is realized through regulating the interlayer spacing of MoS2, achieving improved carriers separation efficiency. In addition, the broadband absorption and rich active sites are also achieved here. As a result, the rationally designed MoS2/g‐C3N4 composite (the MoS2 interlayer spacing: 1.02 nm) exhibits the dominant photocatalytic performance (hydrogen production rate: 1281 μmol/h/g). This work opens a new road to realize a proper energy‐band alignment with g‐C3N4 for high performance photocatalytic activity.
Regioselective Synthesis of 4,7,12,15‐Tetrasubstituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes: A Modular Route Involving Optical Resolution
Authors: Biliz Fatmanur , Cakici Murat 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA practical synthetic method for preparing bis‐(para)‐pseudo‐ortho and bis‐(para)‐pseudo‐meta type 4,7,12,15‐tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophanes is reported. Regioselective double Rieche formylation was successfully applied to the corresponding dibromo[2.2]paracyclophanes under slightly modified conditions. Aldehydes reacted in an unknown direction with Rieche formylation agents, dichloromethyl methyl ether and titanium(IV) tetrachloride, leading to the formation of benzal chlorides. Formylated products were obtained after hydrolysis of these benzal chloride derivatives. Optical resolution was performed with the diastereomer method and (RP)‐4,12‐dibromo‐7,15‐diformyl[2.2]paracyclophane was successfully obtained in an enantiomerically pure form (99 % ee). Their synthetic utility is demonstrated with some exploratory transformations to access corresponding differently functionalized tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives.
Synthesis of Indoles by Reductive Cyclization of Nitro Compounds Using Formate Esters as CO Surrogates
Authors: Ahmed Fouad Manar , Ferretti Francesco , Formenti Dario , Milani Fabio , Ragaini Fabio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlkyl and aryl formate esters were evaluated as CO sources in the Pd‐ and Pd/Ru‐catalyzed reductive cyclization of 2‐nitrostyrenes to give indoles. Whereas the use of alkyl formates requires the presence of a ruthenium catalyst such as Ru3(CO)12, the reaction with phenyl formate can be performed by using a Pd/phenanthroline complex alone. Phenyl formate was found to be the most effective CO source and the desired products were obtained in excellent yields, often higher than those previously reported using pressurized CO. The reaction tolerates many functional groups, including sensitive ones like a free aldehydic group or a pendant pyrrole. Detailed experiments and kinetic studies allow to conclude that the activation of phenyl formate is base‐catalyzed and that the metal doesn't play a role in the decarbonylation step. The reactions can be performed in a single thick‐walled glass tube with as little as 0.2 mol‐% palladium catalyst and even on a 2 g scale. The same protocol can be extended to other nitro compounds, affording different heterocycles.
Enhanced Power Density of Alcohol Biofuel Cell by Polymer‐assisted Crosslinks of 3D Graphene on Carbon Paper as the Bioanode
Authors: Shi Yuhe , Li Lin , Zhang Ling 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHerein, we successfully construct the 3D biocompatible graphene through crosslinking 2D graphene nanosheet onto carbon fiber paper with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) as anode of the alcohol biofuel cell. Compared with the bioanode without 3D graphene, the current density and output power of PDDA‐graphene‐ADH bioanode is increased by 23 % and 41 % at a high concentration of ethanol at pH 8.9, suggesting the stabilization role of graphene in enzyme loading. The study provides us a deep analysis on structures and performances of the bioanode incl. electrochemistry, X‐ray photoelectron spectra, and atomic force microscopy images, which is significant to develop the new methods to construct 3D porous electrodes in energy conversion device.
Growth of two‐layer copolymer as the stationary phase with very high separation efficiency for separating peptides in capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Sun Genlin , Tang Weiyang , Lu Yao , Row Kyung Ho 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOpen tubular CEC (OT‐CEC) column with a very high separation efficiency was prepared for peptides separation. A pretreated silica‐fused capillary was reacted with 3‐(methacryloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane followed by vinylbenzyl chloride and divinylbenzene to produce first thin monolithic monolayer. The second copolymer layer was formed on thin monolithic monolayer of the capillary by reversible addition‐fragmentation transfer polymerization of N‐phenylacrylamide and styrene. The key parameters including buffer pH value and organic modifier were systematically evaluated to provide the optimal chromatographic condition. The resultant OT‐CEC columns were validated by separating a synthetic mixture of peptides and cytochrome C tryptic digest in capillary electrochromatography. The number of theoretical plates as high as 2.4 million per column was achieved for synthetic mixture peptides. In addition, the fabricated OT‐CEC column also resolved more than 18 high‐efficiency digestion peptides from a mixture containing tryptic digest of cytochrome C. The column to column and inter‐ to intraday repeatabilities of OT‐CEC column through RSD% were found better than 3.0%, exhibiting satisfactory stability and repeatability of the two‐layer deposited OT‐CEC column. The results reveal that the open tubular capillary column modified with two‐layer copolymer shows the great prospect for the separation of proteins in capillary electrochromatography.
Effects of turmeric on reducing heterocyclic aromatic amines in Chinese tradition braised meat products and the underlying mechanism
Authors: Wang Qiang , Li Jin , Li Kaikai , Li Chunmei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBraised meat products are kinds of popular traditional meat food in China. However, current data on the formation of Amino‐carboline congeners Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) and the inhibitory methods in braised meat products are limited. In the present study, the inhibition effect of turmeric and curcumin on the formation of β‐carboline heterocyclic aromatic amines in braised meat were investigated. And the preliminary mechanism of curcumin inhibiting the formation of β‐carboline heterocyclic amines was also explored in the chemical model. The results indicated that 5% of turmeric could significantly inhibit the formation of harman (94.8%) and norharman (49.56%) in braised meat, and curcumin was one of the key active compound accounting for this effect. In the tryptophan model, 0.05 mmol of curcumin significantly inhibited the formation of norharman and harman by over 70% (p < .05). Further investigation indicated that curcumin inhibited the formation of β‐carboline heterocyclic amines mainly by inhibiting the formation of carbonyl compounds and 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydro‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylic acid and scavenging β‐carboline HAAs. These results could provide a natural spice‐based method for reducing heterocyclic aromatic amines in Chinese tradition braised meat products.
One session options: Playing the announcement lottery?
Authors: Smales Lee A. , Liu Zhangxin (Frank) , Robertson Cameron D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOne session options (OSOs) fulfill the criteria for a lottery‐type asset; a low price coupled with a relatively small probability of a large payoff. We examine trading behavior for intraday OSO contracts on the Australian 3‐Year Treasury bond future. We find that volume is higher on days with a major macroeconomic announcement, and concentrated in the time before data release. Volume tends to be higher when there is a greater difference of opinion concerning the announcement outcome or when the level of economic policy uncertainty is higher. We propose that ‘differences of opinions’ best explain OSO trading behavior.
Risk factors for surgical site infection in free‐flap reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancer: Retrospective Australian cohort study
Authors: Gearing Peter Francis , Daly John Frederick , Tang Nicholas Shi Jie , Singh Kasha , Ramakrishnan Anand 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundSurgical site infections (SSI) are common complications of free‐flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer defects. This study aimed to identify risk factors for SSI following a significant change in local antibiotic prophylaxis practice.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted of 325 patients receiving free‐flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer defects at a tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia between 2013 and 2019. Charts were queried for recipient SSI (primary outcome), donor SSI, other infections, antibiotic use, hospital length of stay, and mortality.ResultsRisk factors for SSI included female sex, T‐classification, hardware insertion, clindamycin prophylaxis, and operative duration. There was a trend toward increased SSI with shorter ≤24 h prophylaxis (OR: 0.43).ConclusionAntibiotic duration and type were associated with SSI. Complexity of surgery, T‐classification, hardware use, and operative duration were also independently associated with SSI. A prospective trial is indicated to elicit optimal prophylactic antibiotic duration.
Chiral Resolution via Cocrystallization with Inorganic Salts
Authors: Shemchuk Oleksii , Grepioni Fabrizia , Leyssens Tom , Braga Dario 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe coordination mode to lithium, magnesium, calcium and zinc cations of racemic vs. enantiopure amino acids and racetam APIs is analysed and its effect on chiral selection critically reviewed. It is shown that chiral resolution in the solid state can be obtained via cocrystallization of racemic compounds with an achiral inorganic salt coformer, such as LiX (X=Cl, Br, I) or ZnCl2, which favour tetrahedral coordination in the solid state. The chiral selection may take the form of conglomerate crystal formation or of selective homochiral aggregation in racemic crystals. When cocrystallization involves alkaline earth metal cations, such as Ca2+ and Mg2+, which favour octahedral coordination, heterochiral complexation is observed in most cases, with formation of racemic crystals.
“There is No Such Thing as Copying in Cosplay”: Cosplay as a Remixed Literacy Practice
Authors: Aljanahi Mona Humaid , Alsheikh Negmeldin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDue to the advent of technologies and mediascapes, young adults in the Arab region are engaging in new multiliteracies and making meaning through remixing multimodal modes of representations. One such practice is cosplaying. This study explores three Arab cosplayers’ designing experiences as an embodied text. The participants’ experiences are juxtaposed against the dimensions of meaning schema. The results reveal that the participants deployed repositories of meaning making that mediated different representational, organizational, social, contextual, and transformational schemes. Furthermore, cosplaying enabled the participants to negotiate and express multiple facets of their identities while simultaneously maintaining aspects of their cultural and familial principles.