bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconfiguración de la legitimidad en México: Estado y defensa comunitaria / Reconfiguration of legitimacy in Mexico: State and community defense
Authors: Hernández Morales Alan Salvador 
Published: March 2021

A partir del siglo XXI en México se ha vuelto más frecuente el surgimiento de diversas organizaciones ciudadanas que combaten a la delincuencia común y al crimen organizado, sobre todo en las regiones del país en donde se han deteriorado notablemente las condiciones de vida de las personas y la cohesión social. El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar la percepción que tienen las personas sobre las expresiones de defensa comunitaria como los linchamientos y los grupos de autodefensa, con el fin de conocer cómo se relaciona la legitimidad del Estado mexicano con la legitimidad de las organizaciones civiles que hacen frente a la criminalidad. Se propone como hipótesis que, en la medida en que la legitimidad de las normas, de los principios, de las instituciones y de las autoridades del régimen político disminuyen, será mayor la probabilidad de que las personas aprueben las distintas expresiones de defensa comunitaria configurándose como organizaciones legítimas para la ciudadanía. A través de una metodología cuantitativa de corte transversal se concluye que en México existe un proceso de reconfiguración de la legitimidad, es decir, no sólo hay una debilidad en la legitimidad estatal, sino que, en la medida en que ella disminuye, surge y se fortalece la legitimidad de algunas organizaciones no estatales. Situación que se ha manifestado en el ámbito de la seguridad pública, dicho de otro modo, en las labores que emprenden distintos actores políticos y sociales en busca de la protección de las personas y del restablecimiento del orden público.
A Comparative Study To Evaluate The Outcome Of Sutures Versus Fibrin Glue In Conjunctival Autograft Technique For Primary Pterygium Excision
Authors: Biradar Dr. Sonali , Tammewar Dr. Ajay , Naik Dr. Roopa 
Published: March 2021

Background: Pterygium is degenerative condition of the subconjunctival tissue which proliferates as vascularized granulation tissue and is characterized by formation of a triangular fold of conjunctiva encroaching on the cornea leading to visual impairment, restriction of ocular motility, chronic inflammation and cosmetic concerns. Surgical removal is the treatment of choice, but recurrence can be a problem. Now, Fibrin glue is being tried since few years to secure grafts in place of the sutures. The objective of this study was to compare duration of surgery, immediate postoperative complications which includes an inflammation, subconjunctival hemorrhage, patient comfort, graft stability between the uses of fibrin glue versus sutures. Methods: A total of 40 patients having primary pterygium were included in the study. 20 patients were underwent pterygium excision surgery and conjunctival autografting using absorbable vicryl 8-0 suture and 20 patients underwent pterygium excision surgery and conjunctival autografting using fibrin glue. These 2 groups were compared in terms of duration of the surgery, inflammation, degree of postoperative discomfort, subconjunctival haemorrhage and graft stability at postoperative day 1. Results: The mean surgery time in fibrin glue group was 15 minutes and mean surgery time in suture group was 28 minutes (p=0.000). Fibrin glue group had significantly lesser inflammation (p=0.001) as well as postoperative discomfort (p=0.000) compared to suture group at postoperative day 1. There was no significant difference found in the degree of subconjunctival haemorrhage between the fibrin glue versus sutures groups (p=0.887 and p=0.797 at day 1). The grafts secured with fibrin glue were as stable as those secured with the sutures (p=0.745, 0.644 at day 1). Conclusion: The fibrin glue group in conjuctival autografting had significantly less surgery time, which also produces significantly less postoperative discomfort as well as inflammation with grafts being as stable as those secured with sutures. Fibrin glue can be used regularly if patients can be pooled together and operated on, by making it cost effective procedure.
Responsabilidade do Cirurgião Dentista Frente ao Código de Defesa do Consumidor
Authors: Junior Enio Figueira , Trindade Giselle De Oliveira 
Published: March 2021

Esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo central o esclarecimento do tópico ‘responsabilidade civil de um profissional liberal, aqui especificamente o cirurgião-dentista (CD), das sanções a que ele está sujeito no exercício de sua profissão perante à legislação atual; havendo breves comentários também do código de defesa do consumidor. Este código coloca o CD como aquele que deve provar que se utilizou de todo o conhecimento e técnica para a execução de seu trabalho. A Responsabilidade Civil leva à obrigação de reparação do dano. As conseqüências advindas daí serão posteriormente analisadas à luz da justiça com o objetivo de gradação da penalidade a ser imposta. Na esfera odontológica, o Código de ética Odontológica também obriga o CD à reparação dos atos profissionais em desacordo com os preceitos técnicos necessários a sua execução.. Quando analisada sob o aspecto legal, a Responsabilidade dos Cirurgiões- dentistas deve ser tratada observando-se uma duplicidade de enfoque. A primeira, enfatiza a obrigação que tem o cirurgião dentista em assumir a responsabilidade e aceitar as consequências oriundas de seus atos profissionais praticados; e, a segunda, do fato desta responsabilidade poder gerar ou produzir uma imposição legal derivada de ato ilícito, a qual consiste em satisfazer o paciente (cliente), inclusive com uma quantia pecuniária ou uma indenização financeira fixada em procedimento judicial, a qualquer dano, prejuízo ou perda que eventualmente venha ocasionar ao paciente. O ato ilícito na área da odontologia, poderá gerar diversas consequências distintas, todas previstas no Código de Ética Odontológica. Evidentemente, além destas sanções ditadas pelo Código de Ética, o profissional também poderá sofrer punições mais severas, regulamentadas pelo Código de Defesa do Consumidor, amparadas por preceitos constitucionais, tais como artigo 5°, caput; incisos I, II, XIII, XXXII, XXXV, LIII, LV, LVI, LVII.
TERRITÓRIO E MEMÓRIAS DO TRABALHO: A PRODUÇÃO AGRÍCOLA NAS MARGENS DO RIO DE CONTAS NO DISTRITO DE SUÇUARANA - TANHAÇÚ - BAHIA / Territory and memories of work: an agricultural production in margins of the Rio de Contas in the Suçuarana district - Tanhaçú - Bahia / Territorio y memorias de trabajo: producción agrícola en los ríos de Río de Contas en el distrito de Suçuarana - Tanhaçú - Bahia
Authors: Almeida Miriam Cléa Coelho , Menezes Sônia De Souza Mendonça 
Published: March 2021

Este artigo analisa as configurações territoriais das memórias do trabalho na produção agrícola das margens do Rio de Contas, no trecho do distrito de Suçuarana, Tanhaçú – Bahia, nas duas últimas décadas. Para tanto, entende o território, a memória e o trabalho como uma unidade dialética contraditória que se vincula ao processo geral da acumulação capitalista. Nesta perspectiva teórica, utilizou-se das contribuições de Harvey (2006), Smith (1988), Oliveira (1997-99), Marx (1985), Hobsbawm (2014), Pollak (1989), Carvalho (2013) Coca (2013), dentre outros. A análise dos dados e das narrativas dos trabalhadores e trabalhadoras evidenciam as transformações ocorridas, simultaneamente, na produção, na distribuição, na circulação e no consumo dos mais diferentes tipos de cultivos e nas configurações territoriais. Ademais, desnudam as contradições e as disputas de classe e poder travadas entre agricultores familiares camponeses, atravessadores, consumidores, Sindicato e o Estado. Como citar este artigo:ALMEIDA, Miriam Cléa; MENEZES, Sônia de Souza Mendonça. Território e memórias do trabalho: a produção agrícola nas margens do rio de Contas no Distrito de Suçuarana – Tanhaçú – Bahia. Revista NERA, v. 24, n. 56, p. 51-71, jan.-abr., 2021.
Improving the monitoring of deciduous broadleaf phenology using the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) 16 and 17
Authors: Wheeler Kathryn I. , Dietze Michael C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Monitoring leaf phenology tracks the progression of
climate change and seasonal variations in a variety of organismal and
ecosystem processes. Networks of finite-scale remote sensing, such as the
PhenoCam network, provide valuable information on phenological state at high
temporal resolution, but they have limited coverage. Satellite-based data with
lower temporal resolution have primarily been used to more broadly measure
phenology (e.g., 16 d MODIS normalized
difference vegetation index (NDVI) product). Recent versions of the Geostationary
Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES-16 and GOES-17) can monitor NDVI at
temporal scales comparable to that of PhenoCam throughout most of the
western hemisphere. Here we begin to examine the current capacity of these
new data to measure the phenology of deciduous broadleaf forests for the
first 2 full calendar years of data (2018 and 2019) by fitting
double-logistic Bayesian models and comparing the transition dates of the start, middle, and end of the
season to those obtained from PhenoCam and MODIS 16 d
NDVI and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) products. Compared to these MODIS products, GOES was more
correlated with PhenoCam at the start and middle of spring but had a larger
bias (3.35 ± 0.03 d later than PhenoCam) at the end of spring.
Satellite-based autumn transition dates were mostly uncorrelated with those
of PhenoCam. PhenoCam data produced significantly more certain (all
p values ≤0.013) estimates of all transition dates than any of the
satellite sources did. GOES transition date uncertainties were significantly
smaller than those of MODIS EVI for all transition dates (all p values ≤0.026), but they were only smaller (based on p value <0.05) than those
from MODIS NDVI for the estimates of the beginning and middle of spring. GOES will
improve the monitoring of phenology at large spatial coverages and provides
real-time indicators of phenological change even when the entire spring
transition period occurs within the 16 d resolution of these MODIS
products.
Do small and large floods have the same drivers of change? A regional attribution analysis in Europe
Authors: Bertola Miriam , Viglione Alberto , Vorogushyn Sergiy , Lun David , Merz Bruno , Blöschl Günter 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Recent studies have shown evidence of increasing and decreasing trends for average floods and flood quantiles across Europe. Studies attributing observed changes in flood peaks to their drivers have mostly focused on the average flood behaviour, without distinguishing small and large floods. This paper proposes a new framework for attributing flood changes to potential drivers, as a function of return period (T), in a regional context. We assume flood peaks to follow a non-stationary regional Gumbel distribution, where the median flood and the 100-year growth factor are used as parameters. They are allowed to vary in time and between catchments as a function of the drivers quantified by covariates. The elasticities of floods with respect to the drivers and the contributions of the drivers to flood changes are estimated by Bayesian inference. The prior distributions of the elasticities of flood quantiles to the drivers are estimated by hydrological reasoning and from the literature.
The attribution model is applied to European flood and covariate data and aims at attributing the observed flood trend patterns to specific drivers for different return periods at the regional scale. We analyse flood discharge records from 2370 hydrometric stations in Europe over the period 1960–2010. Extreme precipitation, antecedent soil moisture and snowmelt are the potential drivers of flood change considered in this study. Results show that, in northwestern Europe, extreme precipitation mainly contributes to changes in both the median (q2) and 100-year flood (q100), while the contributions of antecedent soil moisture are of secondary importance. In southern Europe, both antecedent soil moisture and extreme precipitation contribute to flood changes, and their relative importance depends on the return period. Antecedent soil moisture is the main contributor to changes in q2, while the contributions of the two drivers to changes in larger floods (T>10 years) are comparable. In eastern Europe, snowmelt drives changes in both q2 and q100.
Wet and dry spells in Senegal: comparison of detection based on satellite products, reanalysis, and in situ estimates
Authors: Fall Cheikh Modou Noreyni , Lavaysse Christophe , Drame Mamadou Simina , Panthou Geremy , Gaye Amadou Thierno 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. In this study, the detection and characteristics of dry/wet spells (defined as episodes when precipitation is abnormally low or high compared to usual climatology) drawn from several datasets are compared for Senegal. Here, four datasets are based on satellite data (TRMM-3B42 V7, CMORPH V1.0, TAMSAT V3, and CHIRPS V2. 0), two on reanalysis products (NCEP-CFSR and ERA5), and three on rain gauge observations (CPC Unified V1.0/RT and a 65-rain-gauge network regridded by using two kriging methods, namely ordinary kriging, OK, and block kriging, BK). All datasets were converted to the same spatio-temporal resolution: daily cumulative rainfall on a regular 0.25∘ grid. The BK dataset was used as a reference. Despite strong agreement between the datasets on the spatial variability in cumulative seasonal rainfall (correlations ranging from 0.94 to 0.99), there were significant disparities in dry/wet spells. The occurrence of dry spells is less in products using infrared measurement techniques than in products coupling infrared and microwave, pointing to more frequent dry spell events. All datasets show that dry spells appear to be more frequent at the start and end of rainy seasons. Thus, dry spell occurrences have a major influence on the duration of the rainy season, in particular through the “false onset” or “early cessation” of seasons. The amplitude of wet spells shows the greatest variation between datasets. Indeed, these major wet spells appear more intense in the OK and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) datasets than in the others. Lastly, the products indicate a similar wet spell frequency occurring at the height of the West African monsoon. Our findings provide guidance in choosing the most suitable datasets for implementing early warning systems (EWSs) using a multi-risk approach and integrating effective dry/wet spell indicators for monitoring and detecting extreme events.
Benchmark study using a multi-scale, multi-methodological approach for the petrophysical characterization of reservoir sandstones
Authors: Haruzi Peleg , Katsman Regina , Halisch Matthias , Waldmann Nicolas , Spiro Baruch 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. This paper presents a detailed description and evaluation of a
multi-methodological petrophysical approach for the comprehensive multi-scale
characterization of reservoir sandstones. The suggested methodology enables
the identification of links between Darcy-scale permeability and an extensive
set of geometrical, textural and topological rock descriptors quantified at
the pore scale. This approach is applied to the study of samples from three
consecutive sandstone layers of Lower Cretaceous age in northern Israel. These
layers differ in features observed at the outcrop, hand specimen, petrographic
microscope and micro-CT scales. Specifically, laboratory porosity and
permeability measurements of several centimetre-sized samples show low
variability in the quartz arenite (top and bottom) layers but high variability
in the quartz wacke (middle) layer. The magnitudes of this variability are
also confirmed by representative volume sizes and by anisotropy evaluations
conducted on micro-CT-imaged 3-D pore geometries. Two scales of directional
porosity variability are revealed in quartz arenite sandstone of the top
layer: the pore size scale of ∼0.1 mm in all directions and
∼3.5 mm scale related to the occurrence of high- and
low-porosity horizontal bands occluded by Fe oxide cementation. This
millimetre-scale variability controls the laboratory-measured macroscopic rock
permeability. More heterogeneous pore structures were revealed in the quartz
wacke sandstone of the intermediate layer, which shows high inverse
correlation between porosity and clay matrix in the vertical direction
attributed to depositional processes and comprises an internal spatial
irregularity. Quartz arenite sandstone of the bottom layer is homogenous and
isotropic in the investigated domain, revealing porosity variability at a ∼0.1 mm scale, which is associated with the average pore size. Good
agreement between the permeability upscaled from the pore-scale modelling and
the estimates based on laboratory measurements is shown for the quartz arenite
layers. The proposed multi-methodological approach leads to an accurate
petrophysical characterization of reservoir sandstones with broad ranges of
textural, topological and mineralogical characteristics and is particularly
applicable for describing anisotropy and heterogeneity of sandstones on
various rock scales. The results of this study also contribute to the
geological interpretation of the studied stratigraphic units.
Gravity effect of Alpine slab segments based on geophysical and petrological modelling
Authors: Lowe Maximilian , Ebbing Jörg , El-Sharkawy Amr , Meier Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. In this study, we present an estimate of the gravity signal of the slabs
beneath the Alpine mountain belt. Estimates of the gravity effect of the
subducting slabs are often omitted or simplified in crustal-scale models.
The related signal is calculated here for alternative slab configurations at
near-surface height and at a satellite altitude of 225 km. We apply three different modelling approaches in order to estimate the
gravity signal from the subducting slab segments: (i) direct conversion
of upper mantle seismic velocities to density distribution, which are then
forward calculated to obtain the gravity signal; (ii) definition of slab
geometries based on seismic crustal thickness and high-resolution upper
mantle tomography for two competing slab configurations – the geometries are
then forward calculated by assigning a constant density contrast and slab
thickness; (iii) accounting for compositional and thermal variations with
depth within the predefined slab geometry. Forward calculations predict a gravity signal of up to 40 mGal for the
Alpine slab configuration. Significant differences in the gravity anomaly
patterns are visible for different slab geometries in the near-surface
gravity field. However, different contributing slab segments are not easily
separated, especially at satellite altitude. Our results demonstrate that
future studies addressing the lithospheric structure of the Alps should have
to account for the subducting slabs in order to provide a meaningful
representation of the geodynamic complex Alpine area.
MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI DENGAN METODE DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA KONSEP KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI BAGI PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X IPA 1 SMAN 3 METRO
Authors: Rosita Hepi 
Published: March 2021

Pembelajaran biologi kelas X IPA 1 SMA Negeri 3 Metro, motivasi sangat diperlukan peserta didik untuk membangun sebuah kesiapan diri dalam meningkat dan menyimpan informasi pembelajaran yang disampaikan pendidik di sekolah. pembelajaran biologi kelas X IPA 1 SMA Negeri 3 Metro.Tujuan penelitian untuk: meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas X IPA 1 SMA Negeri 3 Metro pada materi keanekaragaman hayati metode discovery. Metode penelitian: observasi,dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Teknik dan alat pengumpulan data: tes dan non tes. Hasil rata-rata motivasi belajar peserta didik sebelum dilakukan tindakan adalah 40,27 dikatakan cukup, dan hasil belajar rata-rata skor 59. Siklus I motivasi mendapat skor 77,83 (baik)dan hasil belajar mencapai 76. Siklus II motivasi mencapai 105,70 (sangat baik), dan hasil belajar rata-rata mendapat 90. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan motivasi dari siklus I sebesar 37,56% dan hasil belajar 17%, Siklus II motivasi meningkat menjadi 27,87 dan hasil belajar meningkat 14%.
KEMAMPUAN MENGARANG BERDASARKAN PENGALAMAN PADA SISWA KELAS V SEMESTER GANJIL SDN 4 JATI BARU LAMPUNG SELATAN
Authors: Saputra Hendra 
Published: March 2021

Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah Kemampuan Mengarang Berdasarkan Pengalaman pada Siswa Kelas V Semester Ganjil SDN 4 Jati Baru Lampung Selatan Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Objek pokoknya yang akan dianalisis meliputi: Gagasan, oganisasi, gaya (style), dan mekanik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kemampuan mengarang berdasarkan pengalaman siswa kelas V semester ganjil SDN 4 Jati Baru Lampung Selatan Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas sebanyak 38 siswa. Sampel penelitian ditetapkan 38 atau seluruh populasi dijadikan subjek penelitian. Teknik sampling menggunakan total sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan unjuk kerja. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan mengarang berdasarkan pengalaman pada siswa kelas V semester ganjil SD Negri 4 Jati Baru Lampung Selatan Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019 adalah cukup, nilai rata-rata akhir 62. Kemampuan pada setiap aspeknya, yakni kemampuan siswa mengarang pada aspek gagasan kurang dengan nilai rata-rata 54, aspek organisasi kurang sebab nilai rata-rata 55, aspek gaya mencapai nilai rata-rata 61 atau berkategori cukup, aspek mekanik mencapai nilai 74 atau cukup. Hambatan yang dialami yakni kurang dapat menentukan gagasan dengan baik karena lemahnya ide dan pengetahun, sulit mengorganisasikan gagasan sebab tidak mengetahui teknisnya, masih banyak kesalahan kata dan pola kalimat yang bervariasi, juga karena lemahnya pemahaman, dan tidak menguasai tata ejaan sehingga karangan banyak penyimpangan ejaan. Solusinya mulai membuat tema atau judul tulisan, mengumpulkan kosa kata yang sesuai tema dan menyeleksinya, mempersiapkan buku EYD untuk praktik mengarang, dan lanjutkan dengan menyusun karangan secara intensif dalam proses latihan
PENERAPAN MODEL INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR TEMATIK
Authors: Jayantri Ysiyar 
Published: March 2021

The problem of this research is motivated by the lack of optimal thematic learning outcomes of class IV students of Negeri 3 Talang Elementary School. The purpose of this study was to know the improvement of student learning outcomes through the application of the inquiry learning model. The research method used is classroom action research (PTK) which is carried out in 2 cycles, each cycle consisting of the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The technique of collecting data is done by observation and test questions. The analysis technique used is qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the study show that through the application of the inquiry model can improve the thematic learning outcomes of students. This can be seen from the percentage of classical completeness in student learning outcomes in the first cycle is (67%) obtained by the category "Medium" and in the second cycle (88%) increased the increase to the category "High"