bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
<p>Reliability and Validity for a 3-D Modeling Self-Efficacy Scale for
Pre-College Students</p>
Authors: Kelly Daniel , Denson Cameron D. 
Published: May 2021

Engineering graphics education has long been a required component of technology
and engineering education at the university level. In middle and high schools, the
number of computer-aided design (CAD) programs continue to proliferate and grow. Lacking
in the research related to these programs is the effect on non-cognitive factors such as
self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is a predictor of success and perseverance and is an
important consideration in technology and engineering education. This research
investigates the psychometric properties of an instrument designed to measure the
three-dimensional modeling self-efficacy among middle and high school students.
This study found the Three-Dimensional Modeling Self-Efficacy Scale to be a reliable
measure within this population with strong evidence of validity. Based on these
findings, the scale was revised, and recommendations for future study were made. This
research begins to fill a gap not only in research related to engineering graphics
self-efficacy but also within a pre-college population, especially those who are
historically underrepresented in engineering disciplines, in this case, female
students.
(U-Th)/He Thermochronology of the Indus Group, Ladakh, Northwest India: Is Neogene Cooling a Continental-Scale Thermal Event in the India-Asia Collision Zone?
Authors: Bhattacharya G. , Robinson D. M. , Orme D. A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The India-Asia continental collision zone archives a sedimentary record of the tectonic, geodynamic, and erosional processes that control the thermal history of the Himalayan orogenic interior since the onset of collision in early Paleogene time. In this paper, we present new (U-Th)/He thermochronometric cooling age data from 18 detrital zircons (ZHe) and 19 detrital apatites (AHe) of the early Eocene–early Miocene (ca. 50–23 Ma) continental facies of the Indus Group along the India-Asia collision zone in Ladakh, northwest (NW) India. This along-strike regional-scale low-temperature thermochronometric data set from the Indus basin is the first report of ZHe and AHe cooling ages from western and eastern Ladakh. Thermal modeling of our ZHe and AHe cooling ages indicates a postdepositional Neogene cooling signal in the Indus Group. Cooling initiated at ca. 21–19 Ma, was operational along the ~300 km strike of the collision zone in NW India by ca. 11 Ma, and continued until ca. 3 Ma. The Miocene cooling signal, also present along the India-Asia collision zone in south Tibet, is a continental-scale cooling event likely linked to increased erosional efficiency by the Indus and Yarlung Rivers across an elevated region resulting from the subduction dynamics of the underthrusting Indian plate.
Emerging Tunnel FET and Spintronics based Hardware Secure Circuit Design with Ultra-low Energy Consumption
Authors: Japa Aditya , Sahoo Subhendu K. , Vaddi Ramesh , Majumder Manoj Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Present CMOS technology with scaled channel lengths exhibited higher energy consumption in designing secure electronic circuits against hardware vulnerabilities and breaches. Specifically, CMOS sense amplifier based secure differential power analysis (DPA) countermeasures at scaled channel lengths show large energy consumption with increased vulnerability. Additionally, spin transfer torque magnetic tunnel junction (STT-MTJ) and CMOS based logic-in-memory (LiM) cells demonstrate high energy consumption due to the large write current requirement of STT-MTJ and poor MOS device performance at scaled channel lengths. This paper for the first time leverages emerging tunnel FET (TFET) steep-slope device characteristics and compatible non-volatile STT-MTJ devices for enhanced hardware security with ultra-low energy consumption at lower supply voltages. TFET based sense amplifier based logic (SABL) gates have been proposed that achieve 3× lower energy consumption compared to Si FinFET SABL designs. Further, utilizing TFET SABL gates, TFET Pride S-box is designed that exhibits higher DPA resilience with 3.2× lower energy consumption compared to FinFET designs. With resulted lower static power consumption, TFET SABL based crypto systems can show lower vulnerability to static power side-channel attacks. Besides, proposed STT-MTJ and TFET LiM gates achieves 4× lower energy consumption compared to STT-MTJ and FinFET designs. Moreover, these gates have been explored in logic encryption/locking technique that shows 3.1× lower energy consumption compared to STT-MTJ and FinFET based design.
Mean Square Stability of the Zero Equilibrium of the Nonlinear Delay Differential Equation: Nicholson's Blowflies Application
Authors: El-Metwally Hamdy , Sohaly Mohamed El , Elbaz Islam 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We are concerned about the stochastic nonlinear delay differential equation. The stochasticity arises from the white Gaussian noise which is the time derivative of the standard Brownian motion. The main objective of this paper is to introduce a new technique using Lyapunov functional for the study of stability of the zero solution of the stochastic delay differential system. Constructing a new appropriate deterministic system in the neighborhood of the origin is an effective way to investigate the necessary and sufficient conditions of stability in the sense of the mean square. Nicholson's blowflies equation is one of the major problems in ecology, necessary conditions for the possible extinction of the Nicholson's blowflies population are investigated. We support our theoretical results by providing areas of stability and some numerical simulations of the solution of the system using the Euler-Maruyama scheme which is mean square stable \cite{Maruyama1955,Cao2004}.
An Informatics Infrastructure to Catalyze Cancer Control Research and Practice
Authors: Rose Johnie , Dong Weichuan , Kim Uriel , Hnath Joseph , Statler Abby , Saroufim Paola , Song Sunah , Ascha Mustafa , Menegay Harry , Tian Ye , Beno Mark , Koroukian Siran 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
PurposeA disconnect often exists between those with the expertise to manage and analyze complex, multi-source data sets, and the clinical, social services, advocacy, and public health professionals who can pose the most relevant questions and best apply the answers. We describe development and implementation of a cancer informatics infrastructure aimed at broadening the usability of community cancer data to inform cancer control research and practice; and we share lessons learned. MethodsWe built a multi-level database known as The Ohio Cancer Assessment and Surveillance Engine (OH-CASE) to link data from Ohio’s cancer registry with community data from the U.S. Census and other sources. Space- and place-based characteristics were assigned to individuals according to residential address. Stakeholder input informed development of an interface for generating queries based on geographic, demographic, and disease inputs and for outputting results aggregated at the state, county, municipality, or zip code levels. ResultsOH-CASE contains 723,410 patient records for Ohioans diagnosed with cancer from 1/1/2006 – 12/31/2017 across 88 counties containing 1215 municipalities and 1197 zip codes. Stakeholder feedback from cancer center community outreach teams, advocacy organizations, public health, and researchers suggests a broad range of uses of such multi-level data resources accessible via a user interface. ConclusionOH-CASE represents a prototype of a transportable model for curating and synthesizing data to understand cancer burden across communities. Beyond supporting collaborative research, this infrastructure can serve the clinical, social services, public health, and advocacy communities by enabling targeting of outreach, funding, and interventions to narrow cancer disparities.
Minimum Redundancy Maximal Relevance Gene Selection of Apoptosis Pathway Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of HIV-infected Patients with Antiretroviral Therapy-associated Mitochondrial Toxicity
Authors: Bose Eliezer , Paintsil Elijah , Ghebremichael Musie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: We previously identified differentially expressed genes on the basis of false discovery rate adjusted P value using empirical Bayes moderated tests. However, that approach yielded a subset of differentially expressed genes without accounting for redundancy between the selected genes. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of a case-control study of the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on apoptosis pathway genes comprising of 16 cases (HIV infected with mitochondrial toxicity) and 16 controls (uninfected). We applied the maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) algorithm on the genes that were differentially expressed between the cases and controls. The mRMR algorithm iteratively selects features (genes) that are maximally relevant for class prediction and minimally redundant. We implemented m-fold cross validation using machine learning classifiers and tested the prediction accuracy of the two mRMR genes. We next used network analysis to estimate the association between the differentially expressed genes using partial correlations, relative importance estimates, and centrality measures of each item. The Spinglass algorithm was used to identify clusters of gene communities.Results: The mRMR algorithm ranked DFFA and TNFRSF1A, two of the upregulated proapoptotic genes, on the top. The overall prediction accuracy was 90%, which clearly show that the mRMR gene sets outperforms the performance of the gene sets based on gene expression analyses. FASLG had highest centrality in cases with ABL1 in controls.Conclusion: The mRMR algorithm and network analysis revealed a new correlation of genes associated with mitochondrial toxicity.
The Effect of Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Digital Eye Strain Symptoms Among the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abusamak Mohammad , Jaber Hatim , Alrawashdeh Hamzeh Mohammad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: the study examined the effect of prolonged lockdown on the development and increased severity of digital eye strain (DES) symptoms among the general population. Methods: An online survey was conducted in March 2020 on social media platforms in Jordan. The questionnaire consisted of questions related to demographic characteristics, past medical and ocular history, frequency of using digital devices before and during lockdown, and the emergence and severity of DES symptoms.Results: Data from 1,460 responders were analyzed. About half of the respondents were between 30- 49 years, 28.4 % were retired, 21% had chronic systemic illness, and 23% reported chronic eye problems. A rise in the use of digital devices during lockdown was reported by 957 participants, with 33% of them used digital devices more than 4 hours a day. The most common symptoms before and during lockdown were neck and shoulder pain, which revealed the most significant association (X2 201.61, p 0.000). Female gender, existence of chronic eye problems and systemic diseases, and duration of using digital devices were found to be statistically significant factors associated with increasing severity of eye symptoms during lockdown. Regarding developing new eye complaints during the lockdown, only taking regular breaks was not significant (p 0.336). People with chronic eye problems and increased time using devices during lockdown developed new eye complaints three times more than before the lockdown and males were two times more likely than females to have more severe eye symptoms.Conclusion: The majority of the population developed new DES symptoms due to the lockdown. Public awareness of healthy practices and ergonomic use of digital devices is recommended.
Aspirin does not Affect the Hematoma Volume and Growth in Severe Spontaneous Intracranial Hematoma
Authors: Yang Junhua , Wang Kaiwen , Mo Shaohua , Liu Qingyuan , Wu Jun , Yang Shuzhe , Guo Rui , Yang Yi , Zhang Jiaming , Liu Yang , Jiang Pengjun , Cao Yong , Wang Shuo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Baseline hematoma volume (HV) and hematoma growth (HG) affect the prognosis of spontaneous intracranial hematoma (ICH), but there is still a lack of evidence on the effects of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) on HV and HG in patients with severe ICH. This study retrospectively analyzed patients with severe ICH who met the inclusion and exclusion criterias in Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 1, 2015 and July 31, 2019. Severe ICH patients were divided into ASA group and nASA group according to ASA usage, and the effects of prior ASA on HV and HG were evaluated respectively. And possible risk factors for HG were screened. Totally, 221 patients with severe ICH were consecutively enrolled into this study. There were 72 (32.58%) patients in ASA group and 149 patients (67.42%) in nASA group. Although the baseline HV of the nASA group was significantly higher than that of the ASA group (45.51±29.76 VS 32.67±25.85, p=0.001), after adjusting for confounding factors, the prior ASA did not significantly affect the baseline HV (p = 0.057). Similarly, although the incidence of HG in nASA group was higher than that in ASA group (36.2% VS 25.0%, p = 0.095), ASA did not significantly affect the occurrence of HG (p =0.057). In addition, we found that admission high blood pressure and GCS were risk factors for HG. Prior ASA does not increase the baseline HV and the incidence of HG in severe ICH patients. In addition, admission high blood pressure and GCS were risk factors for HG.
Enthesopathy of the Bicipital Tuberosity of the Radius Treated Under Intraoperative Computed Tomography
Authors: Ikeguchi Ryosuke , Noguchi Takashi , Ando Maki , Yoshimoto Koichi , Sakamoto Diachi , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
There is no report of the application of intraoperative computed tomography to the extremities, and its usefulness is not mentioned. We present a case of a patient with the elbow pain and loss of the forearm rotation due to the prominent bicipital tuberosity of the radius, which was diagnosed as enthesopathy. Surgical treatment to excise the prominent part of the bicipital tuberosity of the radius was recommended. However, it is difficult to perform the appropriate excision of the abnormal prominent part because of complications such as bicipital tendon rupture. The patient was successfully treated by surgical resection under the control of intraoperative computed tomography. Intraoperative computed tomography scan is a useful tool to assess the remaining volume of the abnormal bones.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of the New Bacillus Cereus Phage SWEP1
Authors: Ruan Chujin , Niu Xinyao , Xiong Guangzhou , Chen GuoWei , Wu Hanqing , Ma Zechao , Zhu Kun , Liu Ying , Wang Gang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A new Bacillus cereus phage SWEP1 was isolated from black soil. The host lysis activity of phage SWEP1 has a relatively short latent time (20 min) and a small burst size of 83 PFU. The genome of SWEP1 consists of 162,461 bp with 37.77% G+C content. The phage encodes 278 predicted proteins where 103 were assigned functionally. No tRNA gene was found. Comparative genomics analysis indicated that SWEP1 is related to Bacillus phage B4 (86.91% identity, 90% query coverage). Phenotypic and genotypic characterization suggesting that SWEP1 is a new member of a new species in the genus Bequatrovirus, family Herelleviridae.
Evaluation Wetlands Ecosystem Health using Geospatial Technology: Evidence from Lower Gangetic Flood Plain in India
Authors: Das Subhasis , Bhunia Gouri Sankar , Bera Biswajit , Shit Pravat K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The lower Gangetic flood plain of West Bengal occupies diversified riverine and floodplain wetlands. These wetlands played a significant role maintain ecosystem health and supports for human wellbeing. This paper presents the health of wetland ecosystem by comprising the wetland ecosystem health index (WEHI) in 2011 and 2018 at block level of Malda district, as a part of lower Gangetioc flood plain using pressure – state – response model (PSR model) and AHP method. A total number of six Landsat satellite images and statistical census data were used to determine the wetland. Wetlands are classified as very healthy, healthy, sub-healthy, unhealthy and sick category on the basis of wetland ecosystem health index score. Results showed the health of wetland ecosystem has slightly decreased from 2011 to 2018. 13.33% of blocks are fall under sick category in 2011. 26.67% block are comes under very healthy category in 2011 but it decrease to 20% in 2018. The heath of wetland ecosystem in Harischandrapur – II, Ratua-II, Maldah (Old), English Bazar, Bamongola, Habibpur, Chanchal-I and Kaliachak – II blocks are degrading from 2011 to 2018. This may be attributed to the increasing urbanization rate and associated growth of infrastructure. Developing local level institutions is useful measures to manage wetland resource; and protect biodiversity should be guided by the Government organization and NGOs for its mitigation measure.
Comparison Between Bivariate and Trivariate Flood Frequency Analysis Using the Archimedean Copula Functions, A Case Study of the Karun River in Iran
Authors: Klaho Mohamad Haytham , Safavi Hamid R. , Golmohammadi Mohamad H. , Alkntar Maamoun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Historically, severe floods have caused great human and financial losses. Therefore, the flood frequency analysis based on the flood multiple variables including flood peak, volume and duration poses more motivation for hydrologists to study. In this paper, the bivariate and trivariate flood frequency analysis and modeling using Archimedean copula functions is focused. For this purpose, the annual flood data over a 55-year historical period recorded at the Dez Dam hydrometric station were used. The results showed that based on goodness of fit criteria, the Frank function built upon the couple of the flood peak-volume and the couple of the flood peak-duration as well as the Clayton function built upon the flood volume-duration were identified to be the best copula families to be adopted. The trivariate analysis was conducted and the Clayton family was chosen as the best copula function. Thereafter, the common and conditional cumulative probability distribution functions were built and analyzed to determine the periodic "and", "or" and "conditional" bivariate and trivariate flood return periods. The results suggest that the bivariate conditional return period obtained for short-term periods is more reliable than the trivariate conditional return period. Additionally, the trivariate conditional return period calculated for long-term periods is more reliable than the bivariate conditional return period.
Hydrotropic Root Behavior in Water-Saving Cultivation: A High-Resolution Monitoring Study of Soil Water Dynamics
Authors: Li Qichen , Sugihara Toshiaki , Shibusawa Sakae , Li Minzan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSubsurface irrigation has been confirmed to have high water use efficiency due to it irrigating only the crop root zone. Hydrotropism allows roots to grow towards higher water content areas for drought avoidance, which has research interests in recent years. However, most hydrotropism studies focused on a single root and were conducted in air or agar systems. The performance of hydrotropism in subsurface irrigation is not clear. ResultsWe developed a method to observe and analyze hydrotropism in soil under water-saving cultivation. A wet zone was produced around the whole root system based on using subsurface irrigation method and micro soil water dynamics were observed using high-resolution soil moisture sensors. This method enabled the observation and analysis of plant water absorption activities and the hydrotropic response of the root system. In the analysis, we first applied a high-pass filter and fast Fourier transform to the soil water dynamics data. The results indicated that the plant’s biological rhythm of photosynthetic activities can be identified from the soil moisture data. We then observed root growth in response to the dynamics of soil water content in the wet zone. We quantified root distribution inside and outside the wet zone and observed the shape of the root system from the cross-section of the wet zone. The results showed that the root hydrotropic response is not uniform for all roots of an individual plant. ConclusionsThis study verified the feasibility of using high-resolution soil moisture sensors to study root hydrotropic responses in soil during water-saving cultivation. To further evaluate a plant’s hydrotropic ability, it is necessary to use statistical analysis and/or a non-deterministic approach. Future studies may also explore developing an automated experimental system and robotic manipulations for getting steady repeatable observation of hydrotropism in water-saving cultivation.
Enhanced Removal of Mercury and Lead by a Novel and Efficient Surface-functionalized Imogolite with Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron Material
Authors: Martinis Estefanía , Denardin Juliano , Calderón Raul Calderón Raul , Flores Cristóbal , Manquián-Cerda Karen , Maldonado Tamara , Arancibia-Miranda Nicolás 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A novel hybrid nanomaterial, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)-grafted imogolite nanotubes (Imo), was synthesized via a fast and straightforward chemical procedure. The as-obtained nanomaterial (Imo-nZVI) was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electrophoretic mobility (EM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The prepared Imo-nZVI was superparamagnetic at room temperature and could be easily separated by an external magnetic field. Sorption batch experiments were performed in single- and multicomponent system and showed that Hg2+ and Pb2+ could be quantitatively adsorbed at pH 4.0 with maximum adsorption capacities of 62.3 and 73.8 mg·g− 1, respectively. It was observed that the functional groups in Imo-nZVI interact preferentially with analytes according to Misono Softness parameter. The higher performance of Imo-nZVI compared with Imo and nZVI is related to the increased adsorption sites in the functionalized nanomaterial. The sorption equilibrium data obeyed the Langmuir model, while kinetic studies demonstrated that the sorption processes of Hg2+ and Pb2+ followed the pseudo-second-order model. This study suggests that the Imo-nZVI composite can be used as a promising sorbent and provides a simple and fast separation method for the removal of Hg and Pb ions from contaminated water.