bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The food choice determinants and adherence to Mediterranean diet in Iranian adults before and during COVID-19 lockdown: population-based study
Authors: Mohajeri Mahsa , Ghannadiasl Fatemeh , Narimani Sajad , Nemati Ali 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, some changes in dietary intake were observed. However, the determinants of food choice and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) in this period were not studied so far for Iranian adults. This study aimed to assess the food choice determinants changes and Adherence to the MD of Iranian adults.

Design/methodology/approach
This study was a cross-sectional study that was conducted from April 2019 to May 2020, based on the snowball sampling, and a total number of 2,540 adults from all the regions of Iran participated. The Food Choice Questionnaire was used to analyze food choice determinants, and the validated ten-item MD adherence screener was used to assess the adherence to the MD.

Findings
Before the COVID-19 quarantine, sensory appeal and price were the most important factors in Iranian food choice (with the highest scores), but during the COVID-19 pandemic the important food choice determinants were health and weight control. Consumption of vegetables (71.85% vs 40.07%), fruits (60.70% vs 38.74%), legumes (24.72% vs 12.38%) and nuts (14.33%) increased significantly after the outbreak of quarantine.
Conceptualizing and quantifying body condition using structural equation modelling: A user guide
Authors: Frauendorf Magali , Allen Andrew M. , Verhulst Simon , Jongejans Eelke , Ens Bruno J. , van der Kolk Henk‐Jan , de Kroon Hans , Nienhuis Jeroen , van de Pol Martijn 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Body condition is an important concept in behaviour, evolution and conservation, commonly used as a proxy of an individual's performance, for example in the assessment of environmental impacts. Although body condition potentially encompasses a wide range of health state dimensions (nutritional, immune or hormonal status), in practice most studies operationalize body condition using a single (univariate) measure, such as fat storage. One reason for excluding additional axes of variation may be that multivariate descriptors of body condition impose statistical and analytical challenges.

Structural equation modelling (SEM) is used in many fields to study questions relating multidimensional concepts, and we here explain how SEM is a useful analytical tool to describe the multivariate nature of body condition. In this ‘Research Methods Guide’ paper, we show how SEM can be used to resolve different challenges in analysing the multivariate nature of body condition, such as (a) variable reduction and conceptualization, (b) specifying the relationship of condition to performance metrics, (c) comparing competing causal hypothesis and (d) including many pathways in a single model to avoid stepwise modelling approaches. We illustrated the use of SEM on a real‐world case study and provided R‐code of worked examples as a learning tool.

We compared the predictive power of SEM with conventional statistical approaches that integrate multiple variables into one condition variable: multiple regression and principal component analyses. We show that model performance on our dataset is higher when using SEM and led to more accurate and precise estimates compared to conventional approaches.

We encourage researchers to consider SEM as a flexible framework to describe the multivariate nature of body condition and thus understand how it affects biological processes, thereby improving the value of body condition proxies for predicting organismal performance. Finally, we highlight that it can be useful for other multidimensional ecological concepts as well, such as immunocompetence, oxidative stress and environmental conditions.
Microbial methylglyoxal metabolism contributes towards growth promotion and stress tolerance in plants
Authors: Kaur Charanpreet , Gupta Mayank , Garai Sampurna , Mishra Shashank K. , Chauhan Puneet Singh , Sopory Sudhir , Singla‐Pareek Sneh L. , Adlakha Nidhi , Pareek Ashwani 
Published: August 2021

SummaryPlant growth promotion by microbes is a cumulative phenomenon involving multiple traits, many of which are not explored yet. Hence, to unravel microbial mechanisms underlying growth promotion, we have analysed the genomes of two potential growth‐promoting microbes, viz., Pseudomonas sp. CK‐NBRI‐02 (P2) and Bacillus marisflavi CK‐NBRI‐03 (P3) for the presence of plant‐beneficial traits. Besides known traits, we found that microbes differ in their ability to metabolize methylglyoxal (MG), a ubiquitous cytotoxin regarded as general consequence of stress in plants. P2 exhibited greater tolerance to MG and possessed better ability to sustain plant growth under dicarbonyl stress. However, under salinity, only P3 showed a dose‐dependent induction in MG detoxification activity in accordance with concomitant increase in MG levels, contributing to enhanced salt tolerance. Furthermore, salt‐stressed transcriptomes of both the strains showed differences with respect to MG, ion and osmolyte homeostasis, with P3 being more responsive to stress. Importantly, application of either strain altered MG levels and subsequently MG detoxification machinery in Arabidopsis, probably to strengthen plant defence response and growth. We therefore, suggest a crucial role of microbial MG resistance in plant growth promotion and that it should be considered as a beneficial trait while screening microbes for stress mitigation in plants.
Making commissioning work: The relational gap between intent and implementation in the transition to ‘commissioning’ community services in New South Wales
Authors: Riboldi Mark , Fennis Lisa , Fishwick Elaine , Goodwin Susan , Stears Marc 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe question of impact is at the heart of human service design, with governments searching perennially for the right approach to meeting citizen need while responsibly acquitting public funds. In this area, ‘commissioning’ has become a popularised approach, most recently in Australia. Although in theory commissioning is a strategic and relational practice offering to put communities at the heart of decision‐making, commissioning in practice has proved less transformational. This paper explores the gulf between intent and implementation in the transition to commissioning human services in New South Wales (NSW) in the context of the Commissioning Project, a collaborative project facilitated by the Sydney Policy Lab at the University of Sydney to enable peak organisations in the community sector build a collective approach to commissioning. The collaboration resulted in the articulation of four guiding principles to facilitate better commissioning in NSW: putting relationships first, letting communities lead, investing in people, and embedding learning.
Impact of lymphadenectomy and lymphoedema on health‐related quality of life 1 year after surgery for endometrial cancer. A prospective longitudinal multicentre study
Authors: Wedin M , Stålberg K , Marcickiewicz J , Ahlner E , Åkesson Å , Lindahl G , Wodlin NB , Kjølhede P ,   the LASEC study group
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of lymphadenectomy and lymphoedema of the lower limbs (LLL) on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) 1 year after surgery for endometrial cancer (EC).DesignProspective longitudinal cohort multicentre study.SettingDepartments of obstetrics and gynaecology at four university hospitals, six central hospitals and four county hospitals in Sweden.PopulationTwo‐hundred‐and‐thirty‐five women with early stage EC were included; 116 with high‐risk EC underwent surgery including lymphadenectomy (+LA), and 119 with low‐risk EC had surgery without lymphadenectomy (−LA).MethodsThe generic SF‐36 and EQ‐5D‐3L and the lymphoedema‐specific LYMQOL questionnaire were used to assess HRQoL. LLL was assessed by systematic circumferential measurements of the legs enabling volume estimation, clinical evaluation and patient‐reported perception of leg swelling. All assessments were carried out on four occasions; preoperatively, and 4–6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year postoperatively.Main outcome measureHRQoL scores.ResultsNo significant differences were seen in HRQoL between the +LA and –LA groups 1 year postoperatively. Irrespective of method of determining LLL, women with LLL were significantly more affected in the LYMQOL domains Function, Appearance/body image and Physical symptoms, but not in the domain Emotion/mood, than women without LLL. No such differences were seen in the generic HRQoL or in the LYMQOL global score between the groups with and without LLL.ConclusionsLymphadenectomy did not seem to affect generic HRQoL adversely. Irrespective of the method of measuring, LLL affected the lymphoedema‐specific HRQoL negatively, mainly in physical domains, but had no impact on the generic HRQoL.Tweetable abstractLymphoedema has impact on lymphoedema‐specific, but not on generic, HRQoL, 1 year after surgery for EC.
Molecular weight effects of low acyl gellan gum on antioxidant capacity and rheological properties
Authors: Baawad Abdullah , Rice Clayton , Hamil Taijah , Murphy Kelsey , Park Joshua , Kim Dong‐Shik 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe current study investigated the antioxidant capacity of enzymatically cleaved low acyl gellan gum (LA‐GAGR) fragments, named midi‐GAGR (MWv: 1.2 × 105 Da) and mini‐GAGR (MWv: 2.5 × 104 Da). Three different methods—hydroxide assay, superoxide assay, and DPPH assay—were used to measure the antioxidant capacity of the low acyl gellan gum fragments. Both mini‐GAGR and midi‐GAGR showed similar antioxidant capacities, 27.1% and 25.6%, respectively, for hydroxide radicals, whereas ascorbic acid showed 9.8%. For superoxide radicals, the fragments scavenged 41.7% (mini) and 35.6% (midi) of free radicals compared to 10.6% removal by ascorbic acid. Mini‐ and midi‐GAGR displayed modest scavenging capabilities with DPPH radicals (8.5% and 6.6%, respectively) as compared to ascorbic acid (96.3%). Both midi‐ and mini‐GAGR showed less gel‐like behaviors than LA‐GAGR. Midi‐GAGR was observed to have a transition from liquid to gel at 63 rad/s.Practical ApplicationThe results in the manuscript are helpful when gellan gum and its derivatives are directly applied to food processing as a dietary fiber supplement or a stabilizer for functional beverages. The antioxidant capacity results can be used to promote the functionality of gellan gum as a food additive and for controlling cell adhesion and growth on gellan gum scaffolds. The rheology results will be useful for synthesis of scaffolds for bone tissue generation and facilitating clinical treatments when gellan gum is injected as an adsorbent or a filler for treating bone fractures. In the pharmaceutical industry, they are useful when controlling the therapeutic effects of drug delivery systems.
Biogeographic structure of fungal communities in seagrass Halophilia ovalis across the Malay Peninsula
Authors: Quek Z. B. Randolph , Zahn Geoffrey , Lee Nicole Li Ying , Ooi Jillian Lean Sim , Lee Jen Nie , Huang Danwei , Wainwright Benjamin J. 
Published: August 2021

SummaryDistributed across both the tropical Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the seagrass Halophilia ovalis stabilizes coastal sediment, thereby preventing shoreline erosion and is also an important food source for megaherbivores such as dugongs. However, seagrass meadows globally are under severe duress due to both climate change and anthropogenic activities. We characterized the mycobiome of Halophilia ovalis at seven sites in the Malay Peninsula using ITS1 rDNA amplicon sequences and investigated differences in fungal community structure. We found that geographic location was a significant factor shaping fungal communities and that marine sediment harboured significantly higher diversity when compared to H. ovalis leaves, roots and rhizomes. Taken together, it is likely that locality rather than specific plant structure determines fungal community structure in H. ovalis. Because the plant mycobiome is known to exert a strong effect on plant health, to maximize the success of future seagrass transplantation and restoration work we propose that these efforts consider the importance of seagrass mycobiomes at all stages.
Evaluation of satisfaction with a model of structured contraceptive counseling: Results from the LOWE trial
Authors: Envall Niklas , Emtell Iwarsson Karin , Bizjak Isabella , Gemzell Danielsson Kristina , Kopp Kallner Helena 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionIntervention trials of structured contraceptive counseling have proved to increase use of long‐acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) and decrease numbers of unintended pregnancies. However, these interventions have not been evaluated from a user perspective. This study aimed to evaluate both healthcare providers’ and participants’ satisfaction with an intervention used in a large trial in Sweden.Material and methodsA cross‐sectional study on the intervention group from a cluster randomized trial conducted at 28 clinics in Stockholm, Sweden. Clinics were randomized (1:1 allocation ratio) to provide either structured contraceptive counseling (intervention) or standard contraceptive counseling (control). The intervention consisted of four parts; an educational video to be seen by the participant prior to contraceptive counseling, key questions to be asked by the healthcare provider, an effectiveness chart, and a box of contraceptive models. Eligible participants were 18 years or older, sexually active without a wish to conceive, and with the main purpose of contraceptive use being pregnancy prevention. Healthcare providers completed an electronic semi‐structured survey to evaluate the intervention. This study analyses provider and participant satisfaction with the counseling material used in the intervention and if the intervention was found to be supportive in contraceptive counseling and contraceptive choice. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03269357).ResultsFourteen intervention clinics enrolled 658 participants from September 2017 to May 2019. Response rate among providers was 88.0% (55/62) and among participants 97.1% (639/658). Providers found the intervention to be supportive in their counseling. Each separate part of the intervention package received high ratings from both providers and participants. Participants found the educational video and the effectiveness chart to be more helpful than the box of contraceptive models in their contraceptive choice. Providers reported the time taken to complete the intervention outside the study to be time‐neutral to standard counseling, and most providers wished to continue to use all parts of the intervention package.ConclusionsThe intervention of structured contraceptive counseling had high provider and participant satisfaction. The structured counseling package could be used in several clinical settings to improve quality in contraceptive counseling and to enhance informed decision making about use of contraceptive methods.
Identifying mixtures of metals by multi‐isotope analysis: Disentangling the relationships of the Early Bronze Age swords of the Apa–Hajdúsámson type and associated objects
Authors: Berger Daniel , Brügmann Gerhard , Bunnefeld Jan‐Heinrich , Pernicka Ernst 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis pilot study addresses the analytical characterisation of 26 well‐known bronze objects of the Early and Middle Bronze Age of Central and Northern Europe. Besides swords and axes of the hoards from Apa, Téglás and Hajdúsámson, the investigation includes the famous Sky Disc and its accompanying finds from the Nebra hoard and several full‐hilted swords from Period I in Denmark. In contrast to former publications, the isotopic systematics of lead, tin and copper are the focus of the present investigation. With a combined approach, we try to relate the typologically closely linked or otherwise related artefacts with chemical and isotopic proxies by identifying mixing scenarios. The results demonstrate that artefacts from different locations are most likely not directly linked, but mixing lines across isotope systems suggest a production of the items from common sources by mixing of bronze batches (e.g., bronze ingots), which were probably disseminated between 1600 and 1500 bce. This helps to correlate objects of different locations with each other and to draw conclusions upon typological and cultural connections. Isotopic and chemical correlations of objects within the individual hoards, on the other hand, allow reconstructions of metallurgical practices in single workshops, which, for example, implies recycling of metal scrap.
REGN1908‐1909 monoclonal antibodies block Fel d 1 in cat allergic subjects: Translational pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
Authors: Kamal Mohamed A. , Dingman Robert , Wang Claire Q. , Lai Ching‐Ha , Rajadhyaksha Manoj , DeVeaux Michelle , Orengo Jamie M. , Radin Allen , Davis John D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractREGN1908‐1909, a 1:1 cocktail of two fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), REGN1908 and REGN1909, is being evaluated for treatment of cat allergy. Both REGN1908 and REGN1909 bind to the dominant cat allergen, Fel d 1. Adults with cat allergy confirmed by skin prick test (SPT) were randomized to single subcutaneous administration of placebo (n = 6) or REGN1908‐1909 at doses of 150 (n = 6), 300 (n = 6), or 600 mg (n = 6). Blood samples were taken at prespecified time points for pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis and exploratory evaluation of biomarkers (IgE and SPT). Safety was assessed. Drug concentration‐time profiles in serum for ascending doses of REGN1908‐1909 were consistent with linear PKs. Noncompartmental analysis showed that maximum concentration (Cmax) and exposure increased proportionately with dose, with similar time to maximum concentration (Tmax) for REGN1908 and REGN1909 (6.2 to 8.2 days across doses), and a longer terminal half‐life for REGN1908 (~ 30 days) relative to REGN1909 (~ 21 days). Adverse events were not dose dependent; there were no dose‐limiting toxicities. REGN1908‐1909 is characterized by linear and dose‐proportional kinetics of the two individual mAb components. A single 600 mg dose maintains total mAb mean concentrations in serum above the target (mean of ~ 10 mg/L) for 8–12 weeks. Maintaining this mean target concentration resulted in translational pharmacodynamic effects: maximal mast cell degranulation in a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis mouse model, and maintenance of clinical efficacy measured by Total Nasal Symptom Score in a previous proof‐of‐mechanism study.
Required dose of sugammadex or neostigmine for reversal of vecuronium‐induced shallow residual neuromuscular block at a train‐of‐four ratio of 0.3
Authors: He Jing , He Huan , Li Xing , Sun Mei , Lai Zhihao , Xu Bo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResidual shallow neuromuscular block (NMB) is potentially harmful and contributes to critical respiratory events. Evidence for the optimal dose of sugammadex required to reverse vecuronium‐induced shallow NMB is scarce. The aims of the present study were to find suitable doses of sugammadex and neostigmine to reverse a residual vecuronium‐induced NMB from a time of flight (TOF) ratio of 0.3–0.9 and evaluate their safety and efficacy. In total, 121 patients aged 18–65 years were randomly assigned to 11 groups to receive placebo, sugammadex (doses of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg), or neostigmine (doses of 10, 25, 40, 55, or 70 μg/kg). The reversal time of sugammadex and neostigmine to antagonize a vecuronium‐induced shallow residual NMB (i.e., TOF ratio of 0.3) and related adverse reactions were recorded. Several statistical models were tested to find an appropriate statistical model to explore the suitable doses of sugammadex and neostigmine required to reverse a residual vecuronium‐induced NMB. Based on a monoexponential model with the response variable on a logarithmic scale, sugammadex 0.56 mg/kg may be sufficient to reverse vecuronium‐induced shallow residual NMB at a TOF ratio of 0.3 under anesthesia maintained with propofol. Neostigmine may not provide prompt and satisfactory antagonism as sugammadex, even in shallow NMB.
Recognition and duration of illness in adolescent eating disorders: Parental perceptions of symptom onset
Authors: Rosello Rocio , Gledhill Julia , Yi Irene , Watkins Beth , Harvey Lucy , Hosking Alexandra , Nicholls Dasha 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo understand the earliest parent reported signs suggesting their child may have an eating disorder (ED), and to quantify time from symptom onset to specialist assessment.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of data derived from parents of 78 young people presenting to a British community ED service who completed a questionnaire asking when they first noticed their child displaying (a) a change in eating pattern, (b) weight concerns, (c) shape concerns. Parents were also asked to describe the first thing they noticed in terms of possible ED symptoms.ResultsMean age was 14.9 (SD: 1.58), 94% were female with diagnoses of anorexia nervosa (n = 50), bulimia nervosa (n = 10) and atypical anorexia nervosa (n = 18). Weight and shape concerns were most often noticed over a year prior to assessment (mean 12.7 months [SD: 12.8] and 13.3 months [SD: 13.2], respectively), with eating pattern change observed a mean of 9.7 months (SD: 7.6) before referral to specialist care. Seven main themes were developed from parents' descriptions of their child's symptoms: (1) eating pattern change, (2) shape concern, (3) weight concern, (4) observed weight loss, (5) binge eating/compensatory behaviours, (6) other mental health concerns and (7) physical symptoms.ConclusionsThe most common parental concerns were eating pattern change, specifically their child becoming more rigid/rule‐bound with regard to eating and dietary restraint. Such external changes are likely observed before physical changes such as weight loss, offering potential for early identification by parents, primary care and other professionals, with implications for improved prognosis.
Africa Fashion Futures: Creative economies, global networks and local development
Authors: England Lauren , Ikpe Eka , Comunian Roberta , Kabir Ananya Jahanara 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article reviews existing literature and approaches to the current study of fashion and economic development to rethink the interconnection between creative producers and global production and trade networks in relation to sustainable local development. Focusing on the work of independent fashion designers on the African continent, we first consider their positioning as cultural (micro) entrepreneurs and drivers of economic development. Next, we discuss the wider relationship with the global markets and value chains which impact their work and local context. We conclude with a call for further interdisciplinary research that takes fashion designers as a key point from which to engage critically with global value chains beyond prioritising the lead firm in the global North, so as to position African fashion designers as micro‐entrepreneurs with potential for value creation and as leading smaller local or national markets with concomitant international reach.