bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case–Control Study to Evaluate the Etiological Factors of Vataja Pandu
Authors: Mohan Rijin , Gopikrishna S. , Kumar Saranya S 
Published: November 2021

Background:

Vataja Pandu is a common clinical condition, only generalized etiological factors of Pandu (anemia) are explained in Ayurvedic textbooks. Many studies related to Pandu are carried out, but there is a lacuna of convincing research on risk analysis of each causative factor.

Objective:
To evaluate the involvement of various etiological factors mentioned in Ayurvedic classics in the causation of etiopathogenesis of Vataja Pandu.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was a case–control study to determine the exposure of risk factors of Vataja Pandu where 31 subjects fulfilling the criteria of Vataja Pandu were included for the study and considered as case group. Thirty-one healthy individuals were selected from the same geographical area and were taken as the control group detailed history and a questionnaire for Vataja Pandu Nidana was recorded. They were subjected to laboratory investigations. The two groups were assessed based on the questionnaire. Both the groups were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test. The odds ratio was calculated and level of significance was analyzed with the help of Chi-square test.

Results:
When analyzed the odds ratio, following results were obtained such as Katu Rasa (pungent taste) (risk-20.7), Tikshana Guna (penetrating quality) (risk-35.4), Ushna Guna (hot quality), and Tila Taila (sesame oil) (14.28). In Viharaja Nidanas (physical factors) Diwaswapana (day sleep) (risk-73.33), Vyavaya (risk-12.13). Among Manasika Nidana (psychological causes), Chinta (thoughts) (risk-10.4), Srama (stress) and Bhaya (phobia) (risk-8.3), and Krodha (anger) (risk-4.44) show risk for developing Vataja Pandu.

Conclusion:
Among Nidanas, consumption of Katu Rasa Tikshana, Ushna Guna, Nispava, Tila Taila, Pinyaka, indulgence in Divaswapna, Nidranasha, Vyavaya, Ati Vayayama, Vegadharana, Chinta, Srama and Bhaya and Krodha show significant role in causation of Vataja Pandu when compare to control group.
A Randomized Comparative Clinical Study on Tamaka Shwasa (bronchial asthma) with Vamana and Virechana along with Shamana therapy
Authors: Babu G. , Lal Meena Hari Mohan , Joshi Ram Kishor , Bhatnagar Anu , Mutha Rashmi , Padhar Bharat Chhaganbhai , Gautam Shankar 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

Tamaka Shwasa (TS) is mentioned as one of the varieties among five types of Shwasa Roga as a “Swatantra Vyadhi” and has its own etiology, pathology, and management which resembles with bronchial asthma. Asthma affects about 6% of children and 2% of adults in India's 1.31 billion population. In TS, two treatment modalities Shodhana and Shamana have been explained. Hence, an attempt had been made to clinically compare the result of Vamana Karma and Virechana Karma along with the same Shamana drugs, i.e. Shrungyadi Churna with Guduchyadi Kashaya.

Methodology:
This study was an open comparative clinical trial with sample size 100 patients (50 in each group) for duration of 60 days. The intervention for Group I was Vamana Karma, whereas for Group II was Virechana Karma, followed by Shamana Chikitsa in both groups. Required hematological, radiological and routine examinations, pulmonary function tests, Asthma Control Questionnaire, St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire, and other parameters were assessed for the clinical evaluation.

Results and Discussion:
In both group, the parameters such as Asthma Control Questionnaire, SGRQ-C score, Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), Hemoglobin, Total leukocyte count, Eosinophils, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and Absolute eosinophil count have shown significant (P < 0.0001) improvement. In comparison to Group I (relief percentage range from 46% to 92.68%), Group II treatment has shown better results in the relief (60%–90%) of all the clinical parameters of Tamaka Swasa (Bronchial asthma). No significant adverse effects have been noted throughout the study.

Conclusion:
Both Vamana and Virechana along with administration of Shamana drugs have statistically highly significant effect in TS (Bronchial asthma). However, the Virechana shows better relief in clinical symptoms as compared to Vamana.
Pterygium in Rural Andean Ecuador
Authors: Bal Sila , Marjane Sarah , Gonzalez Carlos , Smith Zachary , Higgins Charlene , Miller-Suchet Lucy , Binenbaum Gil 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Pterygium is an ocular surface lesion that causes chronic eye irritation and eventually, vision impairment. Pathologically, prolonged ultraviolet (UV)-induced radiation damage leads to conjunctival and limbal stem cell damage. As such, rural, high-altitude equatorial communities are at particular risk due to proximity to the sun, outdoor work, and a lack of access to eye care.

Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the epidemiology of pterygium in the Chimborazo region of Ecuador. Adults presenting to Clinical FIBUSPAM's medical clinics for both ocular and nonocular reasons were examined by optometrists/ophthalmologists to identify pterygium. Affected patients completed a questionnaire about self-reported known risk factors, treatment, and barriers to care, and received UV-blocking sunglasses.

Results:
Of 296 patients, 165 (55%) had pterygium. The mean age was 60.2 years (range 19–88), 69% were female; 63% had unilateral pterygia, and 37% had bilateral pterygia. Symptoms occurring daily included severe photophobia (36%), foreign body sensation (28%), eye pain (24%), burning (31%), and itching (28%). In addition, 40% reported concern about eye appearance. Risk factors included spending >5 h outdoors each day working (93%), smoking (8%), and alcohol (14%). For prophylaxis, while 91% routinely wore hats outdoors, only 16% used sunglasses. For treatment, 30% used eye drops, of which two-thirds were natural remedies. About 93% wanted treatment (medications or surgical removal), 78% were concerned about access to treatment, and 43% reported cost as the major concern.

Conclusions:
Pterygium is highly prevalent (55%) among adults presenting for care in community health clinics in the Chimborazo Province of Ecuador. This treatable and potentially preventable cause of ocular irritation and vision loss greatly impacts the quality of life in this region. This and similar communities would benefit from improved education and outreach through care delivery models that bring affordable prevention and eye care services closer to home.
Implementation of participatory pre-collection in the sustainable management of household solid waste: case of the district of Douala V in Cameroon
Authors: Nguema Paul Fabrice , TSOBGHO Cédric , MOUNIR Zakari-Mohamadou 
Published: November 2021

EPI sciences
The main objective of this study in the district of Douala V is to set up participatory pre-collection of household solid waste which, by protecting the environment, promotes the recovery of this waste. More specifically, the aim was to make an inventory of solid waste management, to raise awareness of households on participatory pre-collection, to describe the technical organization of the service and to evaluate the parameters of financial analysis for a pre-collection activity. To do this, available documents, direct observations, interviews and survey form were used. The main results of this study showed that the daily production or ratio of one inhabitant of Douala V is 1.05kg/hab/jour; the annual production is estimated at 363,870 tons. The low collection rate of about 23% was observed. With regard to household sensitization, 43% of the households surveyed are willing to pay for the pre-collection service and 52% are against and 5% are uninformed. The provisional financial analysis is based on one year; the investment cost is estimated at 3 327 400 CFA (5079 €). Overall, it appears that the solid waste collection rate in Douala V is below average, so it appears that pre-collection and recovery of household solid waste have a major role to play in the solid waste management system.
Cette étude déroulée dans l’arrondissement de Douala V a pour objectif principal de mettre sur pied la pré-collecte participative des déchets solides ménagers qui en protégeant l’environnement, favorise une valorisation de ces déchets. Il s’agissait plus spécifiquement de faire un état de lieux de la gestion des déchets solides, de sensibiliser les ménages sur la pré-collecte participative, décrire l’organisation technique du service et d’évaluer les paramètres d’analyse financière pour une activité de pré-collecte. Pour ce faire, des documents disponibles, observations directes, entretiens et fiche d’enquête ont été utilisés. Les principaux résultats de cette étude ont montré que la production journalière ou ratio d’un habitant de Douala V est de 1,05kg, la production annuelle est estimée à 363 870,45 tonnes. Le taux de collecte faible d’environ 23%. Pour ce qui est de la sensibilisation des ménages, 42,66% des ménages enquêtés sont prêts à payer pour le service de pré-collecte et 52,33% sont contre et 5% sont sans avis. L’analyse financière prévisionnelle est basée sur une année, le coût d’investissement s’estime à deux mille huit cent quatre-vingt-onze Euro (2 891 Euro). Il ressort globalement que le taux de collecte des déchets solides à Douala V est en dessous de la moyenne, il apparait donc que la pré-collecte et la valorisation des déchets solides ménagers ont un rôle majeur à jouer dans le système de gestion des déchets solides.
Socioeconomic impacts of sand harvesting along the Sanaga River in Nkol’Ossananga locality (Yaoundé-Cameroon): a vision toward a mechanized operation for sustainable exploitation
Authors: Happi Tientcheu William , Ekengoue Clautaire , Lele Rodrigue , Oluchukwu Duluora , Messanga Benoit , Dongmo Armand 
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the impacts of Nkol’Ossananga sand harvesting on social live and local economy based on field investigations and data analysis. Laboratory analysis of sand samples from the site has shown that the cleanliness of the Nkol’Ossananga sand nears 100%. This means that Nkol’Ossananga sand is pure and clean, most appropriate for house constructions and building engineering. The activity produces incomes to all actors of the chain value and government. Incomes generated are used by artisans to build their houses, buy some electronic devices, and take care of their families or to capitalize in their business investigation. In spite of the positive impacts presumed, Nkol’Ossananga sand harvesting also stands as the origin of many negative impacts including cultural brewing, delinquency, precocious abandon of studies and abandon of agriculture. The exploitation is done with rudimentary tools and poor technics thereby exposing artisans to several risks and illnesses. For sustainable exploitation, a mechanized operation has to be implemented. This kind of exploitation is the one that will improve the working conditions, increase production and incomes of workers as similar as that of government, and also reduces negative environmental impacts. Key words: Nkol’Ossananga sand, rudimentary tools and poor technics, incomes, negative impacts, sustainable exploitation, mechanized operation.
Cet article présente les impacts sociaux et économiques de l’exploitation artisanale du sable de Nkol’Ossananga sur la base d’enquêtes de terrain et d’analyses de données. L’analyse en laboratoire des échantillons de sable collectés sur le site a montré que la propreté du sable de Nkol’Ossananga avoisine 100%. Ce qui signifie que le sable de Nkol’Ossananga est approprié pour le BTP et le génie civil. L'activité génère des revenus importants à tous les acteurs de la chaîne de production et le gouvernement. Les revenus générés sont utilisés par les artisans pour se faire construire leur maison d’habitation, acheter des appareils électroniques, prendre soin de leur famille ou alors sont capitalisés dans le commerce. Malgré les impacts positifs susmentionnés, l’exploitation artisanale du sable de Nkol’Ossananga est également source du brassage culturel, de la délinquance juvénile et de l’abandon précoce des études. Pour une exploitation durable, l’exploitation semi-mécanisée est envisageable. Ce type d'exploitation est celui qui pourra améliorer les conditions de travail des artisans, augmenter leur production et leurs revenus au même titre que ceux du gouvernement, et réduira par ricochet les impacts négatifs.
Desarrollo de la motricidad gruesa a través de los juegos predeportivos de arnd locher
Authors: Castillo Oscar Vergara , Bolaño-García Matilde 
Published: November 2021

Los aspectos relacionados con el desarrollo de la motricidad gruesa, a través de los juegos predeportivos de Arnd Locher, ocupa el centro del presente artículo, es desde esa perspectiva que se realiza un mostrar las concepciones de las diferentes investigaciones que se relacionan con la temática en estudios desde el ámbito internacional y nacional. El objetivo del artículo es analizar la incidencia de los juegos predeportivos de Arnd Locher para el desarrollo de la motricidad gruesa, utilizada como estrategia pedagógica para lograr el adecuado desarrollo corporal en los estudiantes. Se enmarcó en una metodología cualitativa – interpretativa, de tipo investigación – acción, dentro de la cual se emplearon seis (6) fases: Preparatoria, observación directa y consulta, análisis de la in formación, actividad de intervención, elaboración del informe investigativo y socialización de resultados. La población estuvo compuesta por los estudiantes del grado primero de una institución de educación en el distrito de Santa Marta. Se implementó las actividades en las clases de educación física donde se contó con la participación activa, dinámica y colaboradora de la población objeto de estudio. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron corroborar que a través de los juegos predeportivos se puede desarrollar de manera adecuada la motricidad gruesa y esto se logra a través de procesos pedagógicos de manera planificada en el área de educación física estimulando de esta manera las capacidades y habilidades motoras como la coordinación, el equilibrio, la flexibilidad y lateralidad.
The Impact of the No-Plastic-Bag Campaign on Customer Repurchase Intentions and its mechanism in the Modern Trade Business in Bangkok
Authors: Ratasuk Akaraphun 
Published: November 2021

This research investigated the impact of the no-plastic-bag campaign on customer repurchase intentions in the modern trade business in Bangkok. Six hundred customers of modern trade stores in Bangkok were initially approached using a stratified random sampling method, but only 418 of them participated in this survey. The partial least squares structural equation results indicated that the no-plastic-bag campaign promotes customer repurchase intentions (β=0.098; p=0.038). Also, the no-plastic-bag campaign could indirectly foster customer repurchase intentions via both enhancing brand image (t=7.379; p<0.001) and increasing customers’ perceived value (t=2.806; p<0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that the no-plastic-bag campaign benefits modern trade businesses, promoting customer repurchase intentions by enhancing their brand image and customer perceived values. This research also explored the mediating roles of brand image and perceived value on the relationship. These findings provide new knowledge of the no plastic bag campaign’s contribution to customer repurchase intentions which has not yet been investigated, and the mechanism linking them together. The results can be applied as a guideline to other modern-trade businesses or other businesses to enhance their brand image and promote customer repurchase intentions, which is crucial to sustainable business accomplishment.
This research investigated the impact of the no-plastic-bag campaign on customer repurchase intentions in the modern trade business in Bangkok. Six hundred customers of modern trade stores in Bangkok were initially approached using a stratified random sampling method, but only 418 of them participated in this survey. The partial least squares structural equation results indicated that the no-plastic-bag campaign promotes customer repurchase intentions (β=0.098; p=0.038). Also, the no-plastic-bag campaign could indirectly foster customer repurchase intentions via both enhancing brand image (t=7.379; p<0.001) and increasing customers’ perceived value (t=2.806; p<0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that the no-plastic-bag campaign benefits modern trade businesses, promoting customer repurchase intentions by enhancing their brand image and customer perceived values. This research also explored the mediating roles of brand image and perceived value on the relationship. These findings provide new knowledge of the no plastic bag campaign’s contribution to customer repurchase intentions which has not yet been investigated, and the mechanism linking them together. The results can be applied as a guideline to other modern-trade businesses or other businesses to enhance their brand image and promote customer repurchase intentions, which is crucial to sustainable business accomplishment.
Roma in the Medieval Islamic World
Authors: Richardson Kristina 
Published: November 2021

In Middle Eastern cities as early as the mid-8th century, the Sons of Sasan begged, trained animals, sold medicinal plants and potions, and told fortunes. They captivated the imagination of Arab writers and playwrights, who immortalized their strange ways in poems, plays, and the Thousand and One Nights. Using a wide range of sources, Richardson investigates the lived experiences of these Sons of Sasan, who changed their name to Ghuraba’ (Strangers) by the late 1200s. This name became the Arabic word for the Roma and Roma-affiliated groups also known under the pejorative term ‘Gypsies’.
This book uses mostly Ghuraba’-authored works to understand their tribal organization and professional niches as well as providing a glossary of their language Sin. It also examines the urban homes, neighborhoods, and cemeteries that they constructed. Within these isolated communities they developed and nurtured a deep literary culture and astrological tradition, broadening our appreciation of the cultural contributions of medieval minority communities. Remarkably, the Ghuraba’ began blockprinting textual amulets by the 10th century, centuries before printing on paper arrived in central Europe. When Roma tribes migrated from Ottoman territories into Bavaria and Bohemia in the 1410s, they may have carried this printing technology into the Holy Roman Empire.
Danger in the Path of Chic
Authors: Ferreira Lucy Moyse 
Published: November 2021

During the interwar years, a proliferation of violence encroached upon the glossy, idealistic world of fashion: from the curiously common appearance of dismembered heads in fashion illustration, to seemingly torturous techniques and devices advertised by beauty imagery, even extending to garments designed to look assaulted and destroyed. Danger in the Path of Chic brings this disturbing imagery to light for the first time, proposing new directions for historians of fashion, violence and culture in the interwar years.
Concentrating on London, Paris and New York as fashion centres and political allies, the volume explores why horror manifested itself in this way, at this time, and in a sphere that is usually perceived as being built on fantasy and escape. In doing so, Danger in the Path of Chic situates fashion within the very real social, psychological, economic and political traumas of the period.
The Cultural Politics of Food, Taste, and Identity
Authors: Ayora-Diaz Steffan Igor 
Published: November 2021

The Cultural Politics of Food, Taste, and Identity examines the social, cultural, and political processes that shape the experience of taste. The book positions flavor as involving all the senses, and describes the multiple ways in which taste becomes tied to local, translocal, glocal, and cosmopolitan politics of identity. Global case studies are included from Japan, China, India, Belize, Chile, Guatemala, the United States, France, Italy, Poland and Spain.
Chapters examine local responses to industrialized food and the heritage industry, and look at how professional culinary practice has become foundational for local identities. The book also discusses the unfolding construction of “local taste” in the context of sociocultural developments, and addresses how cultural political divides are created between meat consumption and vegetarianism, innovation and tradition, heritage and social class, popular food and authenticity, and street and restaurant food.
In addition, contributors discuss how different food products—such as kimchi, quinoa, and Soylent—have entered the international market of industrial and heritage foods, connecting different places and shaping taste and political identities.
The Construction of the Supernatural in Euro-American Cultures
Authors: Saler Benson 
Published: November 2021

This book describes aspects of the concept of the supernatural from the intellectual history of Euro-American cultures. These samplings shed light on issues in the study of religions and religion rather than attempting to provide either a lineally coherent or exhaustive account of a somewhat fraught and complicated notion. Observations include uses of the term among the ancient Greeks and medieval Christian theologians and 19th- and 20th-century social scientists. This book highlights more recent academics who draw on the cognitive and evolutionary sciences in attempting to make sense of recurrent features of the representations and meta-representations of different cultures. This includes such counter-intuitive notions as “the mysterious” among the Wayuu of Columbia and Venezuela and “vampires” in Europe and North America.
These observations are concluded in a final essay – “Toward a Realistic and Relevant Science of Religion” – which presents considered opinions on how we might draw on the cognitive and evolutionary sciences to establish the foundations for a genuinely scientific study of religions and religion.
Benson Saler sadly passed away shortly after writing this book. An appreciation of his work, written by Armin W. Geertz, is included in this volume.
Cybermedia
Authors: Dibben Nicola , Perrott Lisa , Zuberi Nabeel , Jeffery Alex , Mangaoang Áine , Koepnick Lutz 
Published: November 2021

We’re experiencing a time when digital technologies and advances in artificial intelligence, robotics, and big data are redefining what it means to be human. How do these advancements affect contemporary media and music? This collection traces how media, with a focus on sound and image, engages with these new technologies. It bridges the gap between science and the humanities by pairing humanists’ close readings of contemporary media with scientists’ discussions of the science and math that inform them.
This text includes contributions by established and emerging scholars performing across-the-aisle research on new technologies, exploring topics such as facial and gait recognition; EEG and audiovisual materials; surveillance; and sound and images in relation to questions of sexual identity, race, ethnicity, disability, and class and includes examples from a range of films and TV shows including Blade Runner, Black Mirror, Mr. Robot, Morgan, Ex Machina, and Westworld. Through a variety of critical, theoretical, proprioceptive, and speculative lenses, the collection facilitates interdisciplinary thinking and collaboration and provides readers with ways of responding to these new technologies.