bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Dias Marcelo Pires , Moura Gustavo G. M 
Published: June 2021

O volume 6, nº 1 da Revista Ethnoscientia, periódico ligado à Sociedade Brasileira de Etnobiologia e Etnoecologia (SBEE) traz artigos de fluxo contínuo com temáticas etnobiológica e etnoecológica.
PERCEPÇÃO DE IMPACTOS SOBRE A PESCA ARTESANAL: CAMINHOS PARA O MANEJO DOS RECURSOS PESQUEIROS DO AMAPÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Pantoja Wanderson Michel De Farias , Corrêa Jacklinne Matta , Ferreira Simone Dias , Guedes Glenda de Freita , Mendonça Renan Pereira , Pantoja Jair de Farias 
Published: June 2021

Este estudo analisou o conhecimento de pescadores artesanais sobre aspectos ecológicos e de percepção ambiental da atividade pesqueira artesanal de comunidades componentes de duas Bacias Hidrográficas do estado do Amapá. Foi adotada uma amostragem do tipo "bola de neve" que resultaram em entrevistas com 87 pescadores no período de junho de 2015 a junho de 2017. Os pescadores apresentaram considerável tempo de atividade na pesca (20,8 ± 13,4 anos) e mostraram ter vasto conhecimento ecológico e percepção ambiental considerável quanto aos recursos pesqueiros da região. A percepção sobre a abundância e a diminuição de espécies de diferentes etnoespécies de peixes nas duas áreas de estudo apresentou diferenças. Foi registrada a redução de estoques pesqueiros e o aumento de outras espécies nas comunidades componentes da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Curiaú (Hoplias sp.; Hoplosternum litrorale) e na bacia do Igarapé Fortaleza (Plagioscion sp.; Hoplias sp.). Os problemas ambientais apontados como mais preocupantes para a atividade pesqueira foram: o tráfego de barcos; poluição do rio; óleo despejado na água; lago secando; diminuição de peixes e presença de búfalos. Este estudo apontou informações pioneiras para o estado do Amapá, a exemplo de que houve redução de estoques pesqueiros e aumento da ocorrência de espécies. Esses resultados podem orientar estudos futuros para coleta de peixes, mitigação de impactos e estratégias de educação ambiental. Esse conhecimento ecológico local precisa ser conservado e pode contribuir para aplicação de estratégias de manejo e co-manejo dos recursos pesqueiros da região para melhorar a gestão da atividade de pesca artesanal.
PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN ORANG TUA MENIKAHKAN DINI ANAK AKIBAT HAMIL DI LUAR NIKAH (Studi Kasus di Desa Kalangan Klego Boyolali)
Authors: Yulindawati Yulindawati , Fadillah Galih Fajar , Hidayati Anni Nurul 
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui gambaran proses pengambilan keputusan orang tua yang menikahkan anak usia dini akibat hamil diluar nikah. Pendekatan yang digunakan bersifat kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Peneliti menjelaskan dan mendeskripsikan tentang proses pengambilan keputusan orang tua dalam mengatasi permasalahan anak hamil diluar nikah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa orang tua memiliki dasar pengambilan keputusan intuisi, rasional dan fakta. Keputusan Orang tua untuk menikahkan anaknya merupakan solusi atau alternatif terbaik guna menyelesaikan permasalahan anak hamil diluar nikah. Adapula beberapa orang tua awalnya berencana untuk melakukan aborsi akantetapi setelah mengetahui resiko yang harus diterima oleh anaknya sehingga menikahkan anak menjadi alternatif utama. Orang tua berpikir menikahkan anak merupakan keputusan terbaik meskipun anak harus menikah diusia dini. Hal tersebut dilakukan guna menutupi aib keluarga karena mereka tidak ingin anaknya hamil tanpa adanya suami dan orang tua ingin anak bertanggung jawab atas perbuatan yang sudah dilakukan.
European grapevine moth in the Douro region: voltinism and climatic scenarios
Authors: Reis Samuel , Martins Joana , Gonçalves Fátima , Carlos Cristina , A. Santos João 
Published: June 2021

The European grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is considered to be the main pest in the vineyards of the Douro Demarcated Region (DDR) due to the economic losses it can cause. Damage is caused by the larvae of this pest feeding on grape clusters, rendering them susceptible to Botrytis cinerea in mid-season and leading to the development of primary and secondary rot at harvest. Understanding this pest´s behaviour in the region under future climate scenarios is an increasing challenge. Hence, the present study aims to assess the potential effects of two likely climate change scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) on Lobesia botrana phenology, particularly at the beginning and at the peak of the three Lobesia botrana flights. Our findings show that the phenological events generally occur earlier in all locations and mostly during the long-term period of 2021–2080, being 7 to 12 days in advance in the RCP4.5 scenario, and 15 to 24 days in advance in RCP8.5, when compared to current values (2000–2019) and regardless of the flight number. These results suggest that a fourth complete flight is likely in the future, and that Lobesia botrana will become a tetravoltine species in the region. The flight (male catches) and infestation of Lobesia botrana over periods with daily temperatures above its upper limit of development (> 33 °C) were also analysed during the period 2000–2019 in the targeted sites. The upward trend in the number of days with maximum temperature above 33 °C tended to be accompanied by a decrease in the total number of male catches during the second and third flights, as well as a decrease in the percentage of attacked bunches by the second and third generations. Overall, climate change is expected to influence the phenology of this pest in the DDR.
Peningkatan Kapasitas dan Mutu Produk Brownies Tempe di Industri Rumah Tangga (IRT) “Browniesta” melalui Introduksi Teknologi Tepat Guna
Authors: Ishartani Dwi , Atmaka Windi , Khasanah Lia Umi , Ariviani Setyaningrum , Siswanti Siswanti 
Published: June 2021

<p><em>Tempeh had been recognized worldwide as a superfood. In Pengkok Village, Kedawung Sub-district, Sragen Regency, there were several traditional tempeh producers which supply fresh tempeh around Kedawung Sub-district. Tempeh produced in this area was also used as raw material for brownies production. "BROWNIESTA" is a Small Medium Enterprise (SME) which produces brownies made from tempeh. The demand of tempeh brownies was high, but it was difficult for SME "BROWNIESTA" to fulfill the demand due to the lack number of ovens. In addition, packaging, labels and the quality of the products had been unstable due to limited understanding of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) concept in food production. This community service introduced appropriate technology for SME "BROWNIESTA" in the form of: 1) introduction of gas-fired ovens, 2) introduction of packaging and labels and 3) GMP training according to BPOM guidelines. Partners actively participated in providing materials for the introduced oven trials, providing materials and tools for evaluation of product sensory quality improvement and facilitating the implementation of GMP training. Based on the evaluation results, the sensory quality of brownies produced using the introduced oven had increased as indicated by its softer texture and smoother crust that is not caramelized. The product was also packaged properly with product information on the label attached to the packaging. Oven introduction also increased the production capacity up to 150%. SME “BROWNIESTA” implemented better food production practices after completing GMP training. Therefore, it could be concluded that the introduction of appropriate technology in SME "BROWNIESTA" increase the capacity and quality of the tempeh brownies products</em><em>.</em></p>
Modifikasi Model Edukasi di Masa Pandemi untuk Menjaga Ketaatan Diet dan Minum Obat Pasien Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Sudarsono Joko , Wiboworini Budiyanti , Dewi Yulia Lanti Retno , Rahayu Dwi , Ayusari Amelya Augusthina , Widardo Widardo , Damayanti Kusmadewi Eka , Myrtha Risalina , Handayani Sutartinah Sri , Kisrini Kisrini 
Published: June 2021

<em>Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) as a partner has a clinic for patients with chronic diseases with regular inspections and education. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common disease in PMI clinic, with main problems are diet style and medicine compliance. The pandemic has caused the clinic activities stopped; so it is necessary to modify the patients’ educational methods. Limitations in face-to-face education during pandemic, could be overcome by digital-based education. Community service activities were carried out through the identification of partner problems; collecting data on patients or patients' families with WhatsApp numbers, making scripts followed by making videos; distributing the video via Google Drive and Youtube and ended with a discussion session via WhatsApp group. The education contents include menus preparation and managing macronutrient intake and public education in medicine compliance. Changes in knowledge was measured from the results of the pretest and posttest related to the material. The results showed an increase in knowledge of good menu preparation to meet the needs of both macronutrients and micronutrients as well as knowledge of the correct use of diabetes drugs by 20%. These results indicated that the use of video and digital education through WhatsApp group can be an alternative of patients education during pandemic.</em>
Efficacy of Sub Occipital Myofacial Release Technique on Functional Disability in Temporomandibular Dysfunction with Neck Pain: A Randomized Control Trial.
Authors: Wadhokar Om , Patil Deepali , Phansopkar Pratik 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction is one of commonest joint that gets affected in females, studies shows that the altered posture of cervical spine lead to mandibular retrusion and hence in long term leads to Temporomandibular dysfunction, the tightness of sub-occipital muscle leads to pulling of the ligaments around the joint in course causing retrusion or malocclusion. The common symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction includes clicking, reduced mouth opening, headache. Alteration in the function of TMJ leads to poor quality of life of the individual as this joint is involved in basic activities like talking, eating, laughing and kissing. The sub-occipital muscles are the group of muscle extending from spinous process of C2 vertebrae to inferior nuchal line of occipital bone. Tightness of this muscle lead to extension of upper cervical spine and flexion of lower cervical spine. The common causes of temporomandibular dysfunction includes injury to jaw, overuse, inflammatory condition like arthritis and bruxism. Our aim is to find out the efficacy of sub-occipital Myofacial Release versus conventional physiotherapy on functional disability of TMJ. The clinical trial registry-India(CTRI) registration number for this trial is CTRI/2021/05/033493.
Assessment of influence of social media and peer groups on increasing the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy in India: a prospective cross-sectional survey
Authors: Devulapalli Chaitanya , B Swarna Priya , M Yugapriya , Kanduri Tharun , J Heeba Begum , Mukhopadhyay Debraj 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Since March 11, 2020, when the World Health Organization proclaimed the fast spread of SARS-CoV-2 a worldwide pandemic, the majority of afflicted nations have continued to adopt non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs, such as physical separation, hand cleanliness, and mask usage), which have been effective in suppressing viral transmission. However, given the fast spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the outbreak's high fatality rate, it is generally agreed that a safe and effective vaccine is essential for controlling the pandemic. Vaccination coverage is one of the most effective and cost-efficient health interventions available for the prevention and control of infectious illnesses, including the COVID-19. While producing an effective and safe COVID-19 vaccine is not straightforward, it's manufacturing, storage, distribution, and administration may offer additional difficulties, particularly in underdeveloped nations. The purpose of the present study sought to determine the general population's acceptability, the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy, and the influence of social media and peer groups towards the COVID19 vaccination in India.
Effectiveness of Motor Re-Learning Programme along with Functional Electrical Stimulation on Functional Mobility and Quality of Life in Subjects with Sub-Acute Stroke - An Experimental Study
Authors: Balpande Sanika , Qureshi Mohd Irshad , Iratwar Sandeeep , Kovela Rakesh , Dadgal Ragini , Phansopkar Pratik , Chitale Neha 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The cerebrovascular episode is one of the significant causes of adult injury. This research will aim to investigate the effect of MRP along with FES on ankle dorsiflexors of improving gait parameters for functional mobility and enhancing quality of life in stroke survivors. Method: The participants will be enrolled in experimental or control groups with a ratio of 1:1 allocation. The study group members would receive MRP along with FES following baseline tests over a span of 6 weeks. Conventional participant will experience only FES. Both participants were measured with outcome measures and Gait parameters for pre-treatment and post-treatment. Discussion: Most research indicated that MRP is successful because it takes a lengthy period of time; however in the case of FES it is known that it is not efficient without some physiotherapy intervention. The results of the analysis will benefit stroke survivors, and provide a newly developed recovery process.The clinical trial registry-India(CTRI) registration number for this trial is CTRI/2021/05/033578.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Undernutrition on Cancer Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Worku Eyerusalem , Aragaw Hayat , Kebede Damitie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world and it is considered that every fourth person dies of it. Under-nutrition is most commonly seen in cancer patients with some types of solid tumors, various chronic diseases, as well as in older persons and young children. This can result in longer hospital stay, reduced response to therapies, increased complications to therapy and surgery proceedings, poor survival and higher care costs. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with under-nutrition on cancer patients attending Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2018 among 347 cancer patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All cancer patients 18–65 years of age who were on the 2nd cycle and above treatment phase were included. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires and the Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score. Data was entered into Epi-Info version 7 and exported and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the associated factors. Variables with 𝑃 value of less than 0.05 were considered as significant predictors.Results The prevalence of under-nutrition according to PG-SGA score result 202 (63.1%) and 88(27.5%) of the participants were moderately and severely undernourished, respectively. BMI of the participants also showed that 206 (64.4%) and 89 (27.8%) were normal and underweight, respectively. Two hundred seventy-six (86.3%) of the patients needed critical nutrition intervention. Performance status of ≥ 2 [AOR = 7.9, 95% CI (3.05, 20.48)] and cancer stage II, III & IV [AOR = 3.47, 95% CI (1.25, 9.58)], [AOR = 3.81, 95% CI (1.17, 12.31)] and [AOR = 6.11, 95% CI (1.48, 25.14)] were significantly associated with malnutrition on cancer patients at a P-value < 0.05.Conclusion The prevalence of under-nutrition is prevalent in the study area. Performance status of ≥ 2 and cancer stages were important factors associated with malnutrition in cancer patients. Screening and evaluation of nutritional status of the patients and planning nutritional therapy such as dietary supplements or enteral nutrition to counteract malnutrition on cancer patients should be implemented.
Assessing the Frequency, Investigation, and Management of Post-operative Anaemia in Hip Fracture Patients
Authors: McCormack David Livingstone , Costigan Orla , McGarry Emily , O’Hanlon Shane , Hurson Conor 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPost-operative anaemia affects up to 90% of patients undergoing major surgery [1]. Post-operative anaemia can contribute to slower rehabilitation, increased morbidity, and increased mortality [2]. AimsWe aimed to examine the frequency, investigation, and management of anaemia in patients admitted to St. Vincent’s University Hospital (SVUH) with a hip fracture.MethodsA retrospective audit, examining all patients who were admitted to SVUH with a hip fracture between the 1st of April and the 30th of June 2020, was performed. ResultsA total of 58 patients were included. Upon admission, 29.3% (n = 17) of patients were anaemic. Post-operatively, 91.4% of patients (n = 53) were anaemic. 43.1% (n = 25) of patients had iron studies, ferritin, folate and B12 levels measured. Iron deficiency anaemia was detected in 22.4% (n = 13) of patients, folate deficiency was detected in 10.3% (n = 6), and no patients were found to have vitamin B12 deficiency. Of the patients with iron deficiency anaemia, 15.4% (n = 2) were given IV iron infusions and 7.7% (n = 1) received a prescription for oral iron. Of the 6 patients with folate deficiency, 33.3% (n = 2) received a prescription for folic acid. Red cell transfusions were given to 13.8% (n = 8) of patients. Upon discharge, 89.7% (n = 52) of patients remained anaemic. ConclusionsAnaemia is an under-investigated and under-treated complication of hip fractures.
Orexin A peptidergic system: Comparative physiology, morphology and population between brains of nomal and Alzheimer’s disease mice
Authors: Zhao Peng , You Yaqian , Wang Zhe , Zhou Yanjun , Chai Gaoshang , Yan Gen , Jin Zhewu , Wang Qing , Sun Hongxu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sleep disturbance is common in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and orexin A is a pivotal neurotransmitter for bidirectional regulating the amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition of AD brain and poor sleep. In the present study, we examined the characteristic of sleep-wake architecture in APPswe/PSldE9 (APP/PS1) and Aβ-treated mice using electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyographic (EMG) analysis. We compared the expression of orexin A, distribution, and morphology of the corresponding orexin A neurons using innovative methods including three-dimensional reconstruction and brain tissue clearing between Wild type (WT) and APP/PS1 mice. Results from our study demonstrated that increased wakefulness and reduced NREM sleep were seen in APP/PS1 and Aβ treated mice while the expression of orexin A was significantly upregulated. Higher density and distribution of orexin A activated neurons were seen in APP/PS1 mice, with a location of 1.06 mm to 2.30 mm away from the anterior fontanelle compared to 1.34 mm to 2.18 mm away from the anterior fontanelle in WT mice. These results suggested that the population and distribution of orexin A may play an important role in the progression of AD.
A Trial Of Intra-Pleural BacteriaL ImmunoTherapy In Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (TILT) – A Randomised Feasibility Study Using The Trial Within A Cohort (TwiC) Methodology
Authors: Bibby Anna C , Zahan-Evans Natalie , Keenan Emma , Comins Charles , Harvey John E , Day Helen , Rahman Najib M , Fallon Janet E , Gooberman-Hill Rachael , Maskell Nick A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive thoracic malignancy with a poor prognosis. Systemic immunotherapy is an effective front-line treatment for MPM, and there is a scientific rationale supporting the possible efficacy of local i.e. intra-pleural immune modulators. TILT investigated the feasibility of performing a randomised trial of intra-pleural bacterial immunotherapy in people with MPM, using the trials within cohorts (TwiC) methodology.MethodsTILT was a multi-centre, three-armed, randomised, feasibility TwiC of intra-pleural OK432, BCG or usual care in people with MPM. Eligible participants were identified from within the ASSESS-meso study; a prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort study, and were randomly selected to be offered a single dose of OK432 or BCG, via an indwelling pleural catheter. The primary outcome was feasibility, evaluated against pre-specified recruitment, attrition and data completeness targets. The acceptability of trial processes and interventions were assessed during qualitative interviews with participants and family members at the end of the trial. TILT was registered prospectively on the European Clinical Trials Registry (EudraCT number 2016-004727-23) and the ISRCTN Register on 04/12/2017.ResultsSeven participants were randomised from a planned sample size of 12, thus the 66% recruitment rate target was not met. Two participants withdrew after randomisation, breaching the pre-stated attrition threshold of 10%. It was not possible to maintain blinding of control participants, which negated a fundamental tenet of the TwiC design. The trial processes and methodology were generally acceptable to participants and relatives, despite several recipients of intra-pleural bacterial agents experiencing significant local and systemic inflammatory responses.ConclusionDesign of a clinical trial of an investigational medicinal product based on the TwiC design and obtaining the necessary regulatory approvals was possible. However, whilst acceptable to participants and relatives, the TwiC design was not a feasible method of investigating intra-pleural bacterial immunotherapy in people with MPM. Future trials investigating this topic should consider the eligibility constraints and recruitment difficulties encountered.
Electrostatic coupling driven dielectric enhancement of PZT/BTO multilayer thin films
Authors: Zhong Huang , Wang Xin , Li Xin Hong , Lu Zhen Ya , Chen Zhi Wu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3/BaTiO3 (PZT/BTO) multilayers with varying layer fractions were deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by sol-gel process. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result shows that there exists a dielectric enhancement when the BTO layer fraction x is around 0.5, and at this fraction, the dielectric constant of PZT/BTO is 590 at 100 kHz, which is far more than that of monolithic PZT or BTO films (478 and 284, respectively). The thermodynamic analysis shows that the measured dielectric constant is close to the simulation values when x closes to 0.5, otherwise it better consists with the series connection calculation values. The result indicates that the internal field resulting from the polarization mismatch between two ferroelectric layers contributes to the enhancement of PZT/BTO heterogeneous thin films.