bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of a Major Warm-Season Turfgrass Species, Centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.]: Genome Characterization, Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis
Authors: Zong Junqin , Wang Haoran , Wang Jingjing , Guo Hailin , Chen Jingbo , Li Dandan , Li Ling , Liu Jianxiu , Li Jianjian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Chloroplast (cp) genome sequence data could provide valuable information for molecular taxonomy and phylogenetic reconstruction among plant species and individuals. However, as one of the most important warm-season turfgrasses widely used in USA and China, cp genome characteristics and phylogenetic position of centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) were poorly understood.Results: In this study, we determined the complete chloroplast genome sequences of E. ophiuroides using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology. The circle pseudomolecule for E. ophiuroides cp genome is 139,107 bp in length, and has a typical quadripartite structure consisting of a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 22,230 bp each separated by a large single copy (LSC) region of 82,081 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 12,566 bp. The nucleotide composition of E. ophiuroides cp genome is asymmetric with an overall A + T content of 61.60%. It encodes a total of 131 gene species, composed of 20 duplicated genes within the IR regions and 111 unique genes including 77 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and four ribosome RNA (rRNA) genes. Analysis of the repetitive sequences revealed that E. ophiuroides cp genome contains 51 tandem repeats including 29 forward, 20 palindromic and 2 reverse repeats, and 197 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) which were mainly composed of adenine (A) and thymine (T) bases. Comparison of the E. ophiuroides complete cp genome with the genomes of other seven Gramineae species showed a high degree of collinearity among Gramineae plants. Phylogenetic analysis showed that E. ophiuroides was closely related to E. ciliaris and E. eriopoda, and was placed in a clade with the two Eremochloa species and Mnesithea helferi within the subtribe Rottboelliinae, which clarified evolutionary status of E. ophiuroides in tribe Andropogoneae and also authenticated the current taxonomy of the tribe Andropogoneae.Conclusions: The present study provides the complete structure of the E. ophiuroides cp genome, and preliminarily ascertains the phylogenetic position of E. ophiuroides in tribe Andropogonodae. This will be of value to grass taxa identification, phylogenetic resolution, population structure and biodiversity, novel gene discovery and functional genomic studies for the genus Eremochloa.
Downregulation of lncRNA ANRIL Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Cells via Sponging miR-7 through NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Liu Xinwei , Zhou Yue 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulation in periodontitis development and involved in osteogenesis. The current study aimed was to investigate the function of lncRNA ANRIL in periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) and potential molecular mechanisms.Methods Firstly, the level of ANRIL was tested by qPCR. Then PDLCs were treated with a mineralizing solution to induce the osteogenic differentiation. ALP activity was measured and protein levels of BMP2, Osterix, and OCN were measured by western blot. A target of ANRIL was verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. MiR-7 level was measured by qPCR and the signalings of NF-κB pathway were tested by western blot.Results ANRIL expression was downregulated in PDL tissues. Next, ALP activity and protein levels of BMP2, Osterix, and OCN were reduced to show PDLCs were differentiated. ANRIL level was increased in differential PDLCs, and which knockdown inhibited osteogenic differentiation. Then, miR-7 was found as a target of ANRIL. The miR-7 level was upregulated in PDL tissues and reduced in differential PDLCs. Inhibition of miR-7 suppressed ALP activity and BMP2, Osterix, and OCN expression. Moreover, inhibition of miR-7 reversed the effects on the osteogenic differentiation induced by knockdown of ANRIL. Besides, the levels of p-P65 and p-IκBα were elevated by ANRIL downregulation and were rescued by suppressing miR-7.Conclusions Knockdown of ANRIL inhibited osteogenic differentiation via sponging miR-7 through the NF-κB pathway, suggesting that ANRIL might be a therapeutic target for periodontitis.
Physical Collection and Viability of Airborne Bacteria Collected under Electrostatic Field with Different Sampling Media and Protocols Towards Rapid Detection
Authors: Hong Seongkyeol , Kim Myeong-Woo , Jang Jaesung 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Electrostatic samplers have been increasingly studied for sampling of viral and bacterial aerosols, and bioaerosol samplers are required to provide concentrated liquid samples with high physical collection and biological recovery, which would be critical for rapid detection. Here, the effects of sampling media and protocols on the physical collection and biological recovery of two airborne bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Micrococcus luteus) under electrostatic field were investigated using a personal electrostatic particle concentrator (EPC). Deionized (DI) water with/without sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and phosphate buffered saline were tested as sampling media. A polystyrene container was mounted onto the collection electrode of the EPC for stable storage and vortexing after capture. Many bacterial cells were found to be deposited on the bottom surface of the container submerged in the media via electrophoresis, and among the tested sampling protocols, wet sampling with a container and subsequent vortexing offered the most bacteria in the collection suspension. Experiments with several sampling media showed that 0.01% SDS-DI water demonstrated a higher recovery rate and larger total bacterial concentrations in the EPC than in the BioSampler. These findings would be valuable in the field of sampling and subsequent rapid detection of bioaerosols.
Deregulation of MMR-Related Pathways and Anticancer Potential of Curcuma Derivatives– A Computational Approach
Authors: Bhattacharya Priyanjali , Patel Trupti N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Plant derived products have steadily gained momentum in treatment of cancer over the past decades. Curcuma and its derivatives, in particular, have diverse medicinal properties including anticancer potential with proven safety as supported by numerous in vivo and in vitro studies. A defective Mis-Match Repair (MMR) is implicated in solid tumors but its role in haematologic malignancies is not keenly studied and the current literature suggests that it is limited. Nonetheless, there are multiple pathways interjecting the mismatch repair proteins in haematologic cancers that may have a direct or indirect implication in progression of the disease. Here, through computational analysis, we target proteins that are involved in rewiring of multiple signaling cascades via altered expression in cancer using various curcuma derivatives (Curcuma longa L. and Curcuma caesia Roxb.) which in turn, profoundly controls MMR protein function. These biomolecules were screened to identify their efficacy on selected targets (in blood-related cancers); aberrations of which adversely impacted mismatch repair machinery. The study revealed that of the 536 compounds screened, six of them may have the potential to regulate the expression of identified targets and thus revive the MMR function preventing genomic instability. These results reveal that, there may be potential plant derived biomolecules that may have anticancer properties against the tumors driven by deregulated MMR-pathways.
Clinical Significance of Small-Molecule Metabolites in the Blood of Patients With Different Types of Liver Injury
Authors: Li Hui , Wang Yan , Ma Shizhao , Zhang Chaoqun , Liu Hua , Sun Dianxing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: To determine the difference and changes of serum metabolites in patients with different stages of liver disease after hepatitis B virus (HBV) and provide reference metabolomics information for the clinical diagnosis of liver disease patients. Methods: 255 patients with different stages of HBV infection were selected. 3 mL blood was collected from each patient in the morning to detect differences in serum lysophosphatidylcholine, acetyl-L-carnitine, oleic acid amide, and glycocholic acid concentrations by UFLC-IT-TOF/MS. Results: The diagnostic values of four metabolic substances were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The results showed that the optimal cut-off value of oleic acid amide concentration of the liver cirrhosis and HCC groups was 23.6 mg/L, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 70.6%. The diagnostic efficacies of the three substances were similar in the hepatitis and HCC groups, with an optimal cut-off value of 2.04 mg/L, and a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 47.2%, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of lecithin of the HBV-carrier and HCC groups was 132.85 mg/L, with a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 88.9% and 66.7%, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of oleic acid amide of the healthy and HCC groups was 129.03 mg/L, with a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 88.4% and 83.3%, respectively. Conclusions: Lysophosphatidylcholine, acetyl-L-carnitine, and oleic acid amide were potential metabolic markers of HCC. Among them, lysophosphatidylcholine was low in the blood of HCC patients, and its diagnostic efficacy was better than that of acetyl-L-carnitine and oleic acid amide, providing reference metabolomics information in clinical diagnosis and future research.
Cross Cultural Workers for Women and Families From Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds: A Mixed-Methods Study of Service Providers Perceptions
Authors: Rogers Helen J , Hogan Lily , Coates Dominiek , Homer Caroline SE , Henry Amanda 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWomen from migrant and refugee backgrounds who live in high-income countries are at increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, including mental health issues, preterm birth and maternal and infant mortality. There is a need to implement and evaluate models of care to meet their specific needs in order to improve health outcomes, their experiences of care, and overcome barriers to access. In Sydney, Australia, a unique model of care was implemented to support women and families from migrant and refugee backgrounds to access health and community-based services through the continuum of pregnancy to the early parenting period. This model of care is known as the Cross Cultural Workers (CCWs) in Maternity and Child and Family Health Service (the CCW Service). The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of service providers regarding the CCW Service and identify recommendations for improvement.MethodsA mixed-methods study was conducted consisting of surveys and face to face semi-structured interviews. Service providers were recruited from hospital-based maternity and community-based services. Survey data were analysed descriptively. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. ResultsSixty-nine service providers completed surveys and 19 were interviewed. The CCW Service was highly regarded by service providers who perceived it to be critical in improving care for women from migrant and refugee backgrounds. The overarching theme from the interviews was the ability of the CCW Service to act as a ‘bridge to health’. There were three main categories; supporting access to health and community-based services, improving the healthcare experience, and organisational factors affecting CCW Service provision. A limitation of the CCW Service was the part-time hours of the CCWs, reducing their ability to meet demand, build service provider capacity to provide culturally responsive care and fully operationalise the model. Conclusion Service providers perceived the CCW model to be a culturally responsive model of care tailored to the needs of women and families from migrant and refugee backgrounds, that reduces barriers to access, has the potential to improve perinatal outcomes, and women's experience and satisfaction with care.
α-Internexin expression in photoreceptor-like cells of the developing chicken pineal gland
Authors: Hao Chen-Ming , Liao Meng‐Lin , Chien Chung-Liang , Peng Wei Hao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIt has been reported that some pinealocytes have similar functions to retina photoreceptors in many non-mammalian vertebrates. Two types of pinealocytes, rudimentary-receptor pinealocytes and secretory pinealocytes, have been identified in the pineal gland of juvenile gull, but whether they exist in the chicken pineal gland was unknown. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate chicken α-internexin (chkINA) expression patterns in photoreceptor-like cells of the developing chicken pineal gland. Method In this study, we observed distribution patterns of chkINA in pineal gland at post-hatching day (P) 1, P7, P14, P21, P35, and at young adulthood chicks by using Immunocytologic analysis, and Western blot analysis. The ultrastructure changes were also observed by electron microscope. ResultsWestern blot and immunohistochemistry showed that chkINA expression was high in early developmental stages, but decreased across development. Visinin-immunoreactive cells were also detected during early development, reaching their greatest expression at post-hatching day 7, then gradually reducing over development. Further, confocal imaging revealed that chkINA and visinin were colocalized in photoreceptor-like cells of the chicken pineal gland. Ultrastructural observations revealed rudimentary-receptor pinealocyte morphology with cytoskeletal intermediate filaments in the embryonic chicken pineal gland. Therefore, we suggest that the existence of rudimentary-receptor pinealocytes might be highly relevant for photoreceptor-like cells. Conclusions We conclude that chkINA may be a useful photoreceptor-like cell marker for studying the chicken pineal gland. In particular, it could be a major cytoskeletal intermediate filament in rudimentary-receptor pinealocytes, which are homologous to photoreceptor cells in the chicken pineal gland. From an evolutionary viewpoint, we suggest that chkINA may be located not only in photoreceptor-like cells, but also in rudimentary-receptor pinealocytes.
Pinpointing Regulatory Protein Phosphatase 2A Subunits Involved in Beneficial Symbiosis Between Plants and Microbes
Authors: Averkina Irina O. , Harris Muhammad , Asare Edward Ohene , Hourdin Berenice , Paponov Ivan A. , Lillo Cathrine 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A (PP2A) expression is crucial for the symbiotic association between plants and various microbes, and knowledge on these symbiotic processes is important for sustainable agriculture. Here we tested the hypothesis that PP2A regulatory subunits, especially B’φ, are involved in signalling between plants and mycorrhizal fungi or plant-growth promoting bacteria.
Results
Treatment of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) with the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Azospirillum brasilense and Pseudomonas simiae indicated a role for the PP2A B’θ subunit in responses to PGPR. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi also influenced B’q transcript levels, but only in soil-grown plants with canonical arbuscular mycorrhizae, not in vermiculite-grown plants which had only vesicular mycorrhizae. In plant roots, transcripts of B’φ were scarce under all conditions tested and at a lower level than all other PP2A subunit transcripts. In transformed tomato plants with 10-fold enhanced B’φ expression, mycorrhization frequency was decreased in vermiculite-grown plants. Furthermore, the high B’φ expression was related to abscisic acid and gibberellic acid responses known to be involved in plant growth and mycorrhization. B’φ overexpressor plants showed less vigorous growth, and although fruits were normal size, the number of seeds per fruit was reduced by 60% compared to the original cultivar.
Conclusions
Expression of the B’θ gene in plant roots is strongly influenced by beneficial microbes. Expression analysis and phenotype observations of established tomato cultivars and B’φ overexpressor plants substantiate a function of B’φ in growth and development in addition to a role in mycorrhization.
Boosting Heritability: Estimating the Genetic Component of Phenotypic Variation With Multiple Sample Splitting
Authors: Mai The Tien , Turner Paul , Corander Jukka 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Heritability is a central measure in genetics quantifying how much of the variability observed in a trait is attributable to genetic differences. Existing methods for estimating heritability are most often based on random-effect models, typically for computational reasons. The alternative of using a fixed-effect model has received much more limited attention in the literature. Results: In this paper, we propose a generic strategy for heritability inference, termed as boosting heritability, by combining several advantageous features of different recent methods to produce an estimate of the heritability with a high-dimensional linear model. Boosting heritability uses in particular a multiple sample splitting strategy which leads to a more reliable estimate. We use both simulated data and real antibiotic resistance data from a major human pathogen, Sptreptococcus pneumoniae, to demonstrate the attractive features of our inference strategy. Conclusions: Compared with other methods, boosting heritability yields a more reliable estimate and allows one to make inference about heritability.
Characteristics and Factors Associated With Spontaneous Regression of Extruded Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Retrospective Analysis of 31 Cases
Authors: Qin Qing-Guang , Liu Jia , Zhao Li-Jing , Yuan Shuai , Feng Fang , Xu Hong-Zhou , Jing Ya-Fei , Chen Lei , Zhu Kui , Wang Shuai , Zhang Bing-Qing , Zhang Fang-Lei , Li Yi-Kai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common condition leading to high individual, social, and economic impacts. Reported rates of spontaneous resorption of LDH vary from 35% to 100%; however, it remains unclear how spontaneous absorption, rather than re-protrusion, can be maximized.Purpose The main objective of this study was to determine the characteristics and factors enabling for spontaneous regression of extruded LDH. DesignA retrospective single center case series. Patient sampleInpatients (n = 33) with LDH who experienced spontaneous regression between September 2015 and June 2020. Outcome measuresQuestionnaire responses and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-determined hernia regression.MethodsA questionnaire was distributed to patients to assess factors associated with hernia resorption, the volume of herniated intervertebral discs evaluated by MRI, and the absorption ratio calculated. Multiple linear regression was used to explore factors enabling spontaneous herniated disc regression. ResultsA total of 31 patients received a mean of 5.90 conservative treatments during hospitalization, and 1.91 during rehabilitation. Of patients, 90.32% underwent bed-rest during the acute phase of the disease, and 61.29% did so during rehabilitation. Rehabilitation exercise was undertaken by 93.55% of patients, with a mean of 2.42 exercise methods per patient. Waist lumbosacral orthosis devices were worn by 80.65% of patients. Multiple linear regression showed that bed-rest days in the acute phase (X1), herniation type (X2), time wearing lumbosacral orthosis (X3), onset-treatment duration (X4), and days of bed-rest days in rehabilitation (X5) had significant effects on the spontaneous regression ratio (y) of herniated discs (all P < 0.05). The optimal linear regression equation was y = 0.616 + 0.497X1 – 0.478X2 + 0.384X3 – 0.343X4 – 0.241X5. Conclusions Our findings support that patients with extruded or sequestered LDH should receive comprehensive treatment. Early treatment, early bed-rest, and lumbosacral orthosis protection promote the spontaneous regression of herniated discs; however, bed-rest during rehabilitation is a poor prognostic factor. Adherence to rehabilitation exercise will be beneficial to the recovery of patients with LDH.
Multimodal Imaging Probe for Melanoma Evaluating of&nbsp;PTK7 Expression by Sgc8-c Aptamer Recognition
Authors: Sicco Estefanía , Mónaco Amy , Fernandez Marcelo , Moreno María , Calzada Victoria , Cerecetto Hugo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive and deadly skin cancers, and although histopathological criteria are used for its prognosis, biomarkers are necessary to identify the different evolution stages. The applications of molecular imaging include the in vivo diagnosis of cancer with probes that recognize the tumor-biomarkers specific expression allowing external images acquisitions and evaluations of the biological process in quali-quantitative ways. Aptamers are oligonucleotides that recognize targets with high affinity and specificity presenting advantages that make them interesting molecular imaging probes. Sgc8-c (DNA-aptamer) selectively recognizes PTK7-receptor overexpressed in various types of tumors. Herein, Sgc8-c was evaluated, in two melanoma models, non-metastatic and metastatic, as molecular imaging probe for in vivo diagnostic. Firstly, two probes, radio- and fluorescent-probe, were in vitro evaluated verifying the high specific PTK7 recognition and its internalization in tumor cells by the endosomal route. Secondly, in vivo proof of concept was performed in animal tumor models. Likewise, they have rapid clearance from blood exhibiting excellent target (tumor)/non-target organ ratios. Furthermore, optimal biodistribution was observed 24 hours after probes-injections accumulating almost exclusively in the tumor tissue. Sgc8-c is a potential tool for their specific use in the early detection of melanoma.
Facial nerve elongation as predictive factors of facial nerve outcome after the vestibular schwannoma resection
Authors: Zhu Zhi , Jiang Weichao , Chen Xi , Chen Sifang , Tan Guowei , Song Ningning 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: To analyze risk factors affecting the long-term facial nerve functional outcomes in patients receiving vestibular schwannoma surgery. Method: A total of 89 cases receiving vestibular schwannoma surgery via retrosigmoid sinus approach were analyzed retrospectively. The facial nerve functional outcomes of all enrolled patients were evaluated 6 months after the operation according to House-Brackmann grading scale. The relationships between facial nerve injury and its potential risk factors were analyzed. Results: Postoperative facial nerve injury was found in 53 patients (59.6%) 6 months after the operation. The results of univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the tumor volume, the maximum tumor diameter, the facial nerve elongation, the enlargement of internal auditory canal (IAC), the IAC size on the affected side, and the facial nerve adhesion to tumor were significantly correlated with the occurrence of facial nerve injury. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the facial nerve elongation, the facial nerve adhesion to tumor, the tumor volume, and the enlargement of IAC were the independent risk factors of facial nerve injury 6 months after vestibular schwannoma surgery. The ROC curve showed that the cut-off points of the facial nerve elongation, tumor volume and enlargement of IAC were 2.925cm,10.965 cm³ and 1.818 respectively. When the cut-off points were exceeded, the possibility of facial nerve injury would largely increase. Conclusion: With the growth of the facial nerve elongation, the tumor volume, the facial nerve adhesion to tumor, and the enlargement of IAC, the possibility of facial nerve injury after the vestibular schwannoma surgery would accordingly increase.