bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Moss Colonization and Biochar Application on Evaporation Losses and Surface Crack in Shallow Carbonate–Derived Laterite During Dry–Wet Cycles
Authors: Che Lulu , Liu Dongdong , She Dongli 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
AimsSoil water deficit in karst mountain lands is becoming an issue of concern owing to porous, fissured, and soluble nature of underlying karst bedrock. It is important to identify feasible methods to facilitate soil water preservation in karst mountainous lands. This study aims to seek the possibility of combined utilization of moss colonization and biochar application to reduce evaporation losses in carbonate-derived laterite.MethodsThe treatments of the experiments at micro-lysimeter included four moss spore amounts (0, 30, 60, and 90 g·m−2) and four biochar application levels (0, 100, 400, and 700 g·m−3). The dynamics of moss coverage, characteristics of soil surface cracks and surface temperature field were identified. An empirical evaporation model considering the interactive effects of moss colonization and biochar application was proposed and assessed.ResultsMoss colonization reduced significantly the ratio of soil desiccation cracks. Relative cumulative evaporation decreased linearly with increasing moss coverage under four biochar application levels. Biochar application reduced critical moss coverage associated with inhibition of evaporation by 33.26%-44.34%. The empirical evaporation model enabled the calculation of soil evaporation losses under moss colonization and biochar application, with the R2 values ranging from 0.94 to 0.99.Conclusions Our result showed that the artificially cultivated moss, which was induced by moss spores and biochar, decreased soil evaporation by reducing soil surface cracks, increasing soil moisture and soil surface temperature.Moss colonization and biochar application has the potential to facilitate soil moisture conservation in karst mountain lands.
Long Non-Coding RNA MIR4435-2HG Promotes Glycolysis and Tumor Immunity in Pancreatic Cancer Through Absorption of microRNA-582-5p to Target GPX8
Authors: Lu Huimin , Li Mao , Yang Dujiang , Li Zhenlu , Yue Chao , Song Jiafan , Wang Xing , Hu Weiming 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective

Long non-coding RNA MIR4435-2HG (MIR4435-2HG) has been clarified as a promoter in cancers, but its involvement in pancreatic cancer (PC) was not thoroughly probed.
Methods

MIR4435-2HG levels in PC clinical tissue and cell lines were analyzed. The relation between MIR4435-2HG levels with clinicopathological characteristics and survival of PC patients was evaluated. After transfection with plasmids altering MIR4435-2HG, microRNA (miR)-582-5p or glutathione peroxidase-8 (GPX8), the biological functions, glycolysis and tumor immunity of PANC-1 cells were observed. In vivo tumor growth was observed in nude mice.
Results

MIR4435-2HG was highly expressed in PC tissues and cell lines which was negatively correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of PC patients. MIR4435-2HG or GPX8 inhibition or miR-582-5p elevation restrained the growth, glycolysis and immunity of PANC-1 cells. miR-582-5p down-regulation or GPX8 up-regulation reversed the effect of silenced MIR4435-2HG on PANC-1 cells. In vivo experiments further confirmed the in vitro results.
Conclusion

Our study highlights that MIR4435-2HG promotes glycolysis and tumor immunity in PC through absorption of micR-582-5p to target GPX8.
Long-Term Survival of PD-1 Inhibitor Combined with Antiangiogenic Agents in a Patient with Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma Complicated with Esophageal Cancer: A Case Resport and Literature Review
Authors: Jiao Shuyue , Zhang Xiao , Wang Ruilin , Zhu Hui , Li Shaomei , Tang Hong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a highly aggressive rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PSC is known for its poor prognosis and low sensitivity to conventional treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation, and adjuvant therapies. In recent years, the application of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in this field has made progress. Although programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have been reported to show favorable antitumor effects in PSC patients with high programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in combination with antiangiogenic drugs has not been investigated. Here, we report for the first time a case of dual-source cancer with low expression of PD-L1 and microsatellite stability (MSS) which showed continuous response to sintilimab combined with anlotinib as first-line treatment and achieved a long progression free survival (PFS) of 24 months with no serious adverse reactions. This case presents a new therapeutic prospect for PSC and a potential to enhance its prognosis and treatment strategies.
Rational Design of a Novel Highly Folding-tolerable Edgewo-rthia Chrysantha Lindi-derived Substrate for Versatile Flexible Pressure Sensors
Authors: Fu Danning , Wang Ruibin , Yang Rendang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cellulose-based composites with superior mechanical and electrical properties are highly desirable for a sustainable and multifunctional substrate of flexible electronics. However, their practical application is hindered by the lack of superflexible cellulose-based composites to fabricate ingenious flexible electronics with considerable robustness. Here, cellulose derived from underutilized biomass (Edgewo-rthia chrysantha Lindi, ERCL) was composited with highly-conductive silver nanowires (AgNWs) through a general papermaking process. Benefiting from the interactions between cellulose and AgNWs including hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force, the composite presented superb electrical conductivity (> 27000 S/m) and flexibility (folding times ≥1110). By employing it as the substrate of flexible pressure sensors (FPSs) through layer-by-layer assembly, improved sensitivity (Gauge Factor=846.4), rapid response (0.44 s), and excellent stability (≥2000 folding cycles) were demonstrated. Impressively, the novel FPS could monitor human motions, including finger bending, elbow flexion, speaking, and pulse, suggesting its great potentials in emerging flexible electronics.
Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Bars from Al-Cu-Mg Alloy Processed by Multipass Radial-Shear Rolling
Authors: Akopyan Torgom , Gamin Yury , Galkin Sergey , Koshmin Alexander , Kin Tatiana , Cheverikin Vladimir , Aleshchenko Alexander 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The study of microstructure and mechanical properties formation of A2024 alloy obtained by the multipass radial-shear rolling (RSR) method is discussed in this article. FEM simulation was carried out that made it possible to evaluate the influence degree of rolling temperature-velocity parameters on the strain state of material. It has been found the increase in rotary velocity of rolls significantly influences on the deformation heating of bar after RSR (predominantly in its surface layer). The combination of rolling temperature-velocity conditions at selection of deformation regime has complex effect on structure and properties formation. The analysis of sizes and distribution of phase particles has shown that the rolling at lower temperatures allowed to increase the mechanical strength due to the more intensive refinement of undissolved Fe-containing phase. The gradual decrease in the rolling temperature in each pass makes possible to achieve the high strength (UTS~430 MPa and YS~255 MPa) while maintaining the ductility level ~15%, that are comparable to ones obtained at some severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods.
Comparison of an Inside Stent and a Fully Covered Self-Expandable Metallic Stent as Preoperative Biliary Drainage for Patients with Resectable Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma Retrospectively.
Authors: Mori Hiroshi , Kawashima Hiroki , Ohno Eizaburo , Ishikawa Takuya , Mizutani Yasuyuki , Iida Tadashi , Nakamura Masanao , Ishigami Masatoshi , Onoe Shunsuke , Mizuno Takashi , Ebata Tomoki , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThere is a need for a more tolerable preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) method for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC). In recent years, inside stents (ISs) have attracted attention as a less suffering PBD method. Few studies have compared IS with a fully covered self-expandable metallic stent (FCSEMS) as PBD for resectable PHCC. The aim of this study is to compare them.MethodsThis study involved 87 consecutive patients (IS: 51, FCSEMS: 36). The recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) rate until undergoing surgery or being diagnosed as unresectable, time to RBO, factors related to RBO, incidence of adverse events related to endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and postoperative complications associated with each stent were evaluated retrospectively.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of adverse events after stent insertion. The mean (s.d.) time to RBO was 40.0 (28.1) days in the IS group and 52.0 (45.5) days in the FCSEMS group, with no significant difference (P=0.384). A total of 7/51 patients in the IS group and 3/36 patients in the FCSEMS group developed RBO. The only risk factor for RBO was bile duct obstruction of the future excisional liver lobe(s) due to stenting (HR 0.033, P=0.006) in the FCSEMS group, but risk factors could not be indicated in the IS group. Regarding postoperative complications, there was no significant difference in the incidence of bile leakage or liver failure. In contrast, pancreatic fistula was significantly more common in the FCSEMS group (13/24 patients) than in the IS group (3/28 patients) (P=0.001), especially in patients who did not undergo pancreatectomy (P=0.001).ConclusionsAs PBD for PHCC, both IS and FCSEMS achieved low RBO rates. In contrast, the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula was higher with FCSEMS. Thus, IS, which can be inserted easily, is considered an optimal approach as PBD for resectable PHCC.clinical trial registration number: UMIN000025631
Predicting Medical Fees for Hospitalized Inpatients and the Determination of Inflection Point
Authors: Shao Yang , WEI CHIEN , Lin Ju-Kuo , Chou Willy , Su Shih-Bin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Taiwan’s Bureau of National Health Insurance (BNHI) implemented an inpatient DRG payment system scheduled for January 2008. Many hospital managers urgently invent initiatives to decrease the impacts of DRGs. Predicting medical fees for hospitalized inpatients every day and the corresponding inflection points (IPs) are required for investigations. The aims of this study include (1) verifying the efficacy of the exponential growth model on accumulative publications of mobile health research between 1997 and 2016 in the literature; (2) building the model of predicting medical fees for hospitalized inpatients and determining the inflection points; and (3) demonstrating visualizations of the prediction model online in use for hospital physicians.Methods: An exponential growth model was applied to determine the IP and predict the medical fees to help physicians contain the medical fees of a specific patient during hospitalization. The IP is equal to the item difficulty proven using the differential equation in calculus. An online visual display of the medically contained and predicted inpatient hospitalization was demonstrated in this study.Results: We observed (1) a model accuracy (R2 = 0.99) higher than that (R2 = 0.98) in the literature based on identical data; (2) 231 samples of medical fees for inpatients in the study module with a length of days between 6 and 20 and an IPS falling in the range between 1 and 10 (Q1=0.98, Q3=1.00); and (3) online visualization demonstration of medical fees predicted for hospital inpatients and IP determination on ogive curves.Conclusion: The exponential growth model can be applied to a clinical setting to help physicians consecutively predict medical fees for hospitalized inpatients and upgrade the level of hospital management in the future.
Genomic Landscape and Immunological Profile of Glioblastoma in East Asian Patients
Authors: Zhao Jean , Zhong Sheng , Wu Bo , Dubois Frank , Jiang Shanshan , Deng Davy , Li Hui , Peng Yida , Ge Junliang , Liu Luwei , Liu Jingyi , Yao Maojin , Lawler Sean , Chen Zhongping , Jiang Tao , Beroukhim Rameen , Mou Yonggao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
While it is well known that Glioblastoma (GBM) shows profound inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, disparities in molecular features across ancestry groups have been largely overlooked. We collected a large cohort of GBM samples from East Asian patients (EAS-GBM) and performed genomic and transcriptomic analyses of these samples (EAS-GBM, n=443). Further characterization and comparative analysis of the EAS-GBM with the predominantly European-ancestry TCGA GBM dataset (EUR-GBM, n=383) revealed differential genomic and genetic landscape and immunological profile of EAS-GBM from EUR-GBM. EAS-GBM showed an enrichment for NF1, H3F3A, TP53 and ATRX mutations compared to EUR-GBM. Transcriptomic clustering revealed distinct EAS-GBM specific subtypes, namely Proliferative (PL), Neuron-Synaptic (NS), Metabolic (MB) and Immunomodulatory (IM). Notably, the classic subtype of EUR-GBMs with EGFR as its main marker gene was absent in EAS-GBMs, Moreover, the IM subgroup in EAS-GBM with an expression profile that has been previously associated with response to immunotherapy in cancers. Together, our comprehensive characterization revealed the unique genomic and genetic features of EAS-GBMs, providing mechanistic rationale in patient stratification for molecular targeted therapy and drug development in the era of personalized medicine.
Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis by Alcalase and Flavourzyme To Enhance the Antioxidant Properties of Jasmine Rice Bran Protein Hydrolysate
Authors: Hunsakul Kanrawee , Laokuldilok Thunnop , Sakdatorn Vinyoo , Klangpetch Wannaporn , Utama-ang Niramon 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to optimize the hydrolysis conditions for producing jasmine rice bran protein hydrolysate (JBH) using response surface methodology (RSM). The independent variables were the ratio of flavourzyme to alcalase (Fl: Al; 0: 100 to 15: 85; 2.84% enzyme concentration) and hydrolysis time (60–540 min). The optimum hydrolysate was obtained at an Fl: Al ratio of 9.81: 90.19 for 60 min, since it enabled high amounts of protein, high antioxidant activity and more low molecular weight proteins. The experimental values obtained were a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 7.18%, a protein content of 41.73%, an IC50 for DPPH of 6.59 mg/mL, an IC50 for ABTS of 0.99 mg/mL, FRAP of 724.81 mmol FeSO4/100 g, and 322.35 and 479.05 mAU*s for peptides with a molecular weight of <3 and 3–5 kDa, respectively. Using a mixture of enzymes revealed the potential of mixed enzymes to produce JBH containing more small peptides and high antioxidant activity.
Phenotypic Differentiation between Weedy Rice Populations Associated with their Local Adaptation in Early-and Late-Season Rice Fields
Authors: Wang Zhi , Jiang Xiao-Qi , Cai Xing-xing , Xia Qi-Yu , Lu Bao-Rong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Temperatures and photoperiods can profoundly affect plant growth and development and play vital roles in the local adaptation of plant species. Weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) is a conspecific weed of cultivated rice, and it was found in the same rice fields (sympatry) of early and late rice-cultivation seasons in Leizhou, Guangdong Province of China. Generally, the phenological conditions, such as temperature and photoperiod, are different in the two seasons. Therefore, the early- and late-season weedy rice populations in the same rice fields provide a perfect system for estimating sympatric divergence in plant species. The previous study had demonstrated considerable genetic divergence between the early- and late-season weedy rice populations. Here, we designed in situ common garden experiments to estimate the phenotypical differences between the two-season weedy rice populations and disclose the local adaptation in weedy rice populations associated with their ambient temperature and photoperiod.Results: Distinct air temperature and day length variation patterns were recognized between the early and late rice-cultivation seasons, based on the 10-year historical climate data. More stressful conditions, indicated by low air temperature and long day length, were found for weedy rice growth in the early seasons. Noticeably, significant differences in plant heights, the number of tillers, flowering time, and reproductive traits were detected between the two-season weedy rice populations according to the early-season common garden experiment. The early-season populations showed evident higher plant heights, more tillers, and earlier flowering time than the late-season populations. However, such differences were not detected in the late-season common garden experiment. In addition, evident local adaptation represented by the traits such as plant heights, flowering time, and reproductive traits was only detected in the early-season weedy rice populations. The principal component analysis also showed clear population clusters between the two-season populations using the phenotypical data.Conclusions: This study provided clear evidence of phenotypic differentiation between the sympatric early- and late-season weedy rice populations, probably associated with the local adaptation to their ambient temperature and photoperiod. Our findings also have potential roles in facilitating the design of strategies for effective weedy rice control practices.
The Association of Gut Microbiota with Resting Metabolic Rate in Overweight/Obese Women: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mehranfar Sanaz , Siadat Seyed Davar , Badi Sara Ahmadi , Hajishizari Sara , Yekaninejad Mir Saeed , Clark Cain C. T. , Motahhary Atiyyeh , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Low Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), as a risk factor for obesity, can be affected by many factors. Indeed, genetic and environmental factors are variables taken into account when predicting RMR, and may contribute to a high inter-individual variance. Besides the well-known causes of obesity, researchers have demonstrated the contribution of gut microflora in obesity and energy expenditure. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to compare the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and the relative abundance of, Prevotellaceae, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, bifidobactrium spp, lactobacillus spp, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides fragilis, and Escherichia coli in two groups of people with normal and low RMR in overweigh/obese women in Iran.
Results

The abundance of F. prausnitzii (p>0.001), B. fragilis (P= 0.02), and Firmicutes phylum (P= 0.02) were significantly higher in the controls compared to the cases, and showed significant positive association with RMR, (β = 1.29 ×10−5, P=0.01), (β = 4.13 ×10−6, p= 0.04), and (β = 7.76 ×10−1, p= 0.01), respectively. Regarding Lactobacilus, the results showed a significant positive association with RMR (β = 1.73 ×10−4, p= 0.01).
Conclusion

Intestinal microbiota may be associated with host metabolism. Therefore, future work should investigate, using clinical trials, the impact of manipulating gut microflora to positively influence energy expenditure.
Romidepsin and Tamoxifen Cooperatively Induce Senescence of Pancreatic Cancer Cells Through Downregulation of FOXM1 Expression and Induction of ROS/Lipid Peroxidation
Authors: Okuma Noriko , Honma Yoshio , Urano Takeshi , Tamura Kenji 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Although progress has been made in chemotherapeutic strategies against pancreatic cancer, overall survival has not significantly improved over the past decade. Thus, the development of better therapeutic regimens remains a high priority. Pancreatic cancer cell lines were treated with romidepsin, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, and tamoxifen, and their effects on cell growth, signaling and gene expression were determined. Xenografts of human pancreatic cancer CFPAC1 cells were treated with romidepsin and tamoxifen to determine their effects on tumor growth. The inhibition of the growth of pancreatic cancer cells induced by romidepsin and tamoxifen was effectively reduced by N-acetyl cysteine and α-tocopherol, respectively. The combined treatment greatly induced reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, and these effects were prevented by N-acetyl cysteine and α-tocopherol. Tamoxifen enhanced romidepsin-induced cell senescence. FOXM1 expression was markedly downregulated in pancreatic cancer cells treated with romidepsin, and tamoxifen further reduced FOXM1 expression in cells treated with romidepsin. Siomycin A, an inhibitor of FOXM1, induced senescence in pancreatic cancer cells. Similar results were obtained in knockdown of FOXM1 expression by siRNA. Since FOXM1 is used as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer, a combination of the clinically available drugs romidepsin and tamoxifen might be considered for the treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer.
Enzymological, Histological and Serum Biomarkers Responses of Snubnose Pompano on Complete Replacement of Fishmeal Using Cottonseed Meal Supplemented With Lysine and Methionine in the Diet
Authors: Prabu Dhanasekaran Linga , Vijayagopal Pananghat , Ebeneezar Sanal , Kalidas Chellappa , Rameshkumar Palsamy , Varghese Eldho , Muniswaran Bose Ramar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In a feeding experiment, cottonseed meal (CSM) was used to replace fishmeal (FM) in the diet of snubnose pompano supplemented with lysine and methionine to assess the growth, nutritive profile, hematological, histological and stress biomarkers response. Experimental fishes were randomly stocked in five treatments each with triplicates. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets with graded level of CSM (0, 8.7, 17.4, 26.0 and 34.7%) as replacement for FM protein (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) were formulated and fed to respective treatments. Comparison between various parameters among the treatments was made using orthogonal polynomial contrasts to indicate the statistical significance. Higher alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities were observed in 0CSM group and followed by 100CSM group as higher inclusion level of CSM with higher free gossypol content did not affect the metabolic enzyme activities. The maximum muscular free gossypol accretion of 1.28 mg kg-1 (on wet basis) was recorded in 100CSM group which was very well below the critical limit set by FDA. As a conclusion, fishmeal can be completely replaced using cottonseed meal in the diet of pompano without adverse effect on growth, metabolism and general health.