bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Land‐use legacies predispose the response of trees to drought in restored forests
Authors: Verheyen Kris 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTransformative change is required to achieve conservation of the globe's natural resources. Ambitious forest restoration can help achieve this change. Restoration success depends on trees persisting through multiple stressors, with drought standing out as one of utmost importance. However, research tends to focus on tree inciting factors of tree decline, like drought, whilst ignoring the fundamental importance of context, potentially leading to the wasted restoration effort. Indeed, the propensity of trees to succumb to, or resist, drought depends on whether they are predisposed to fail or succeed. Here, I argue that this predisposition crucially depends on the nature and characteristics of the former land use at the restoration site and propose a research agenda that will help enable the successful upscaling of forest restoration ambitions by revealing the land‐use history‐determined conditions under which tree species are likely to succeed in an era of environmental challenges.
Follicle‐stimulating hormone in postmenopausal women living with HIV: a prevalence study
Authors: Tariq Shema , Okhai Hajra , Severn Abigail , Sabin Caroline A. , Burns Fiona , Gilson Richard , Fox Julie , Gilleece Yvonne , Mackie Nicola E. , Post Frank A. , Reeves Iain , Rosenvinge Melanie , Sullivan Ann , Ustianowski Andrew , Miller Robert F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe examined follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in women living with HIV aged > 45 reporting ≥ 12 months’ amenorrhoea, and investigated correlation with menopausal symptoms.MethodsA cross‐sectional substudy of 85 women from the Positive Transitions through the Menopause (PRIME) Study who reported irregular periods at entry into the PRIME Study and ≥ 12 months’ amenorrhoea at recruitment into this substudy. Serum FSH was supplemented with clinical data and menopausal symptom assessment. Serum FSH > 30 mIU/mL was defined as consistent with postmenopausal status. Associations between FSH and menopausal symptom severity were assessed using Pearson's correlation and the Kruskal–Wallis test.ResultsMedian age was 53 years [interquartile range (IQR): 51–55]; all were on antiretroviral therapy, three‐quarters (n = 65) had a CD4 T‐cell count > 500 cells/μL and 91.8% (n = 78) had an HIV viral load (VL) < 50 copies/mL. Median FSH was 65.9 mIU/mL (IQR: 49.1–78.6). Only four women (4.7%) had FSH ≤ 30 mIU/mL; none reported smoking or drug use, all had CD4 T‐cell count ≥ 200 cells/μL, and one had viral load (VL) ≥ 50 copies/mL. Median body mass index (BMI) was elevated compared with women with FSH > 30 mIU/mL (40.8 vs. 30.5 kg/m2).Over a quarter (28.2%) reported severe menopausal symptoms, with no correlation between FSH and severity of menopausal symptoms (p = 0.21), or hot flushes (p = 0.37).ConclusionsFour women in this small substudy had low FSH despite being amenorrhoeic; all had BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2. We found that 95% of women with HIV aged > 45 years reporting ≥ 12 months’ amenorrhoea had elevated FSH, suggesting that menopausal status can be ascertained from menstrual history alone in this group.
Patients with persistent idiopathic dentoalveolar pain in dental practice
Authors: Sanner Frank , Sonntag David , Hambrock Norbert , Zehnder Matthias 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo assess whether persistent idiopathic dentoalveolar pain (PIDAP), a diagnosis of exclusion, exhibits common features that can facilitate its diagnosis. PIDAP is defined by the International Classification of Orofacial Pain (ICOP 6.3.) as ‘Persistent unilateral intraoral dentoalveolar pain, rarely occurring in multiple sites, with variable features but recurring daily for more than 2 h per day for more than 3 months, in the absence of any preceding causative event’.MethodologyIn this observational study, participants fulfilling the new ICOP diagnostic criteria of PIDAP were included, covering 16 years of consecutive data. A systematic, retrospective assessment of patients utilizing the new PIDAP criteria on complaints of chronic tooth pain in a referral‐based endodontic practice was undertaken. Non‐idiopathic cases were excluded on the basis of clinical and radiologic findings. A modified neuropathic pain questionnaire was used to describe the painful sensations. Furthermore, allodynia in the periodontal space and sensory changes in the oral mucosa were assessed using a periodontal probe.ResultsAmongst the 160 patients assessed, 78 (63 women) fulfilled the strict PIDAP criteria. Pain history of PIDAP included no nocturnal awakening (85%) and a ‘pulling/dragging’ pain quality (59%). In 69% of the patients with PIDAP, pain was associated with a root filled tooth at the same site. In 14% of the cases, no endodontic treatment was performed in the affected quadrant. Mechanical allodynia in the gingival sulcus was observed in 91% of patients with painful teeth or implants.ConclusionsIn this observational study, PIDAP mainly affected females and was associated with undisturbed sleep and periodontal allodynia.
Optogenetic control of cancer cell survival in ChR2‐transfected HeLa cells
Authors: Córdova Claudio , Lozano Carlo , Rodríguez Belén , Marchant Ivanny , Zúñiga Rodrigo , Ochova Paola , Olivero Pablo , González‐Arriagada Wilfredo Alejandro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOptogenetics is a molecular biological technique involving transfection of cells with photosensitive proteins and the subsequent study of their biological effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of blue light on the survival of HeLa cells, transfected with channelrhodopsin‐2 (ChR2). HeLa wild‐type cells were transfected with a plasmid that contained the gene for ChR2. Transfection and channel function were evaluated by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), fluorescence imaging using green fluorescent protein (GFP) and flow cytometry for intracellular calcium changes using a Fura Red probe. We developed a platform for optogenetic stimulation for use within the cell culture incubator. Different stimulation procedures using blue light (467 nm) were applied for up to 24 h. Cell survival was determined by flow cytometry using propidium iodide and rhodamine probes. Change in cell survival showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) inverse association with the frequency and time of application of the light stimulus. This change seemed to be associated with the ChR2 cis‐trans‐isomerization cycle. Cell death was associated with high concentrations of calcium in the cytoplasm and stimulation intervals less than the period of isomerization. It is possible to transfect HeLa cells with ChR2 and control their survival under blue light stimulation. We suggest that this practice should be considered in the future development of optogenetic systems in biological or biomedical research.
Dynamic intron retention modulates gene expression in the monocytic differentiation pathway
Authors: Song Renhua , Tikoo Shweta , Jain Rohit , Pinello Natalia , Au Amy Y. M. , Nagarajah Rajini , Porse Bo , Rasko John E. J. , J.‐L. Wong Justin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMonocytes play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and mediating a successful innate immune response. They also act as central players in diverse pathological conditions, thus making them an attractive therapeutic target. Within the bone marrow, monocytes arise from a committed precursor termed Common Monocyte Progenitor (cMoP). However, molecular mechanisms that regulate the differentiation of cMoP to various monocytic subsets remain unclear. Herein, we purified murine myeloid precursors for deep poly‐A‐enriched RNA sequencing to understand the role of alternative splicing in the development and differentiation of monocytes under homeostasis. Our analyses revealed intron retention to be the major alternative splicing mechanism involved in the monocyte differentiation cascade, especially in the differentiation of Ly6Chi monocytes to Ly6Clo monocytes. Furthermore, we found that the intron retention of key genes involved in the differentiation of murine Ly6Chi to Ly6Clo monocytes was also conserved in humans. Our data highlight the unique role of intron retention in the regulation of the monocytic differentiation pathway.
The healing dynamics of non‐healing wounds using cryo‐preserved amniotic membrane
Authors: Svobodova Alzbeta , Horvath Vojtech , Smeringaiova Ingrida , Cabral Joao Victor , Zemlickova Martina , Fiala Radovan , Burkert Jan , Nemetova Denisa , Stadler Petr , Lindner Jaroslav , Bednar Jan , Jirsova Katerina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe evaluated the effect of the application of cryo‐preserved amniotic membrane on the healing of 26 non‐healing wounds (18 patients) with varying aetiologies and baseline sizes (average of 15.4 cm2), which had resisted the standard of care treatment for 6 to 456 weeks (average 88.8 weeks). Based on their average general responses to the application of cryo‐preserved AM, we could differentiate three wound groups. The first healed group was characterised by complete healing (100% wound closure, maximum treatment period 38 weeks) and represented 62% of treated wounds. The wound area reduction of at least 50% was reached for all wounds in this group within the first 10 weeks of treatment. Exactly 19% of the studied wounds responded partially to the treatment (partially healed group), reaching less than 25% of closure in the first 10 weeks and 90% at maximum for extended treatment period (up to 78 weeks). The remaining 19% of treated wounds did not show any reaction to the AM application (unhealed defects). The three groups have different profiles of wound area reduction, which can be used as a guideline in predicting the healing prognosis of non‐healing wounds treated with a cryo‐preserved amniotic membrane.
Defect equilibria and thermophysical properties of CeO2‐x based on experimental data and density functional theory calculation result
Authors: Watanabe Masashi , Nakamura Hiroki , Suzuki Kiichi , Machida Masahiko , Kato Masato 
Published: November 2021

AbstractProperties of CeO2 were evaluated by density functional theory (DFT) simulation to determine bandgap, Frenkel defect formation energy, and defect migration energy. Bandgap and Frenkel defect formation energy were used to analyze defect equilibria. Oxygen partial pressure dependence of defect equilibria was evaluated based on oxygen potential experimental data and DFT calculation, and a Brouwer diagram was derived. The defect formation energies, including Frenkel defect, electron‐hole pair, and so on, were determined and used to evaluate the properties, including oxygen diffusion coefficients, electrical conduction, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity. Mechanisms of various properties were discussed for a deeper understanding based on defect chemistry, and the relationship among properties was systematically described.
The effect of skilled labor intensity on corporate dividend payouts
Authors: Nguyen Justin Hung , Qiu Buhui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study shows that skilled labor‐intensive firms have lower dividend payouts. A one standard deviation increase in skilled labor intensity on average results in a 0.74 percentage point decline in the propensity to pay dividends and a 0.72 percentage point decrease in the dividend payout ratio. Our evidence suggests that greater labor adjustment costs (LACs) of skilled labor increase future cash flow uncertainty, which discourages managers from paying dividends. Consistently, we find that an exogenous increase (decrease) in LACs following the shock of 2017 H‐1B policy changes (the shock of 2005 Hurricane Katrina) leads treated firms to lower (heighten) their dividend payouts. Collectively, these findings indicate a strong dampening effect of LACs on corporate dividend payouts.
Price competition online: Platforms versus branded websites
Authors: Loginova Oksana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe focus of this theoretical study is price competition when some firms operate their own branded website while others sell their products through an online platform, such as Amazon Marketplace. On one hand, selling through Amazon expands a firm's reach to more customers, but on the other hand, starting a website can help the firm to increase the perceived value of its product, that is, to build brand equity. In the short run the composition of firms is fixed, whereas in the long run each firm chooses between Amazon and its own website. I derive the equilibrium prices and profits, analyze the firms' behavior in the long run, and compare the equilibrium outcome with the social optimum. Comparative statics analysis reveals some interesting results. For example, I find that the number of firms that choose Amazon may go down in response to an increase in the total number of firms. A pure‐strategy Nash equilibrium may not exist; I show that price dispersion among firms of the same type is more likely in less concentrated markets and/or when the increase in the perceived value of the product is relatively small.
A new species of Hoplias malabaricus species complex (Characiformes: Erythrinidae) from the Crepori River, Amazon basin, Brazil
Authors: Guimarães Karen L. A. , Rosso Juan J. , González‐Castro Mariano , Souza Mendelsohn F. B. , Díaz de Astarloa Juan M. , Rodrigues Luís R. R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA new species belonging to the Hoplias malabaricus complex from the Amazon basin, Brazil, is described. The new species is characterized by 15–16 predorsal scales, 37–39 lateral‐line scales, 5 scales from dorsal fin to lateral line, 38–39 vertebrae, iii‐iv, 7–8 anal‐fin rays, ii‐iv, 12–15 caudal‐fin rays, last vertical series of scales on the base of caudal‐fin rays forming a straight line, 6–7 dark bands in anal fin and no distinctive dark bands or blotches on flanks. The new species is also distinguished from other congeners of the H. malabaricus species‐group by means of landmark‐based morphometrics and DNA Barcoding (Cytochrome c Oxidase I gene). An identification key to species of the H. malabaricus species complex is provided.
The Term Structure of Currency Futures' Risk Premia
Authors: BERNOTH KERSTIN , VON HAGEN JÜRGEN , DE VRIES CASPER 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe use of futures instead of forwards exchange contracts completes the maturity spectrum of the correlation between spot yields and the premium. We find that the forward premium puzzle appears to be a precrisis phenomenon and is only observed for maturities longer than about 1 month. Differences in the exposure to risk help to explain cross‐sectional spreads in currency excess returns. However, this only applies for medium and longer maturities. Considering that most studies that test the validity of a risk‐based approach to currency excess returns focus on short maturity securities, this explains why this approach is so often rejected.
Effectiveness of eHealth interventions for cancer‐related pain, fatigue, and sleep disorders in cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Juejin , Zhu Chuanmei , Liu Chunhua , Su Yonglin , Peng Xingchen , Hu Xiaolin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTo systematically evaluate the effects of Electronic health (eHealth) interventions on fatigue, pain, and sleep disorders in cancer survivors.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted.MethodsRelevant studies were searched from five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, CINAHL, and PsycINFO). The comprehensive literature search was done in December 2020. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effects of eHealth interventions among cancer survivors were included.FindingsTwenty‐five RCTs were included. The meta‐analysis showed that eHealth interventions had a positive impact on pain interference (SMD = −0.37, 95% CI: −0.54 to −0.20, p = 0.0001) and sleep disorders (SMD = −0.43, 95% CI: −0.77 to −0.08, p = 0.02) but not on pain severity or fatigue in cancer survivors. The sensitivity and subgroup analyses indicated that the pooled results were robust and reliable.ConclusioneHealth interventions are effective in improving pain interference and sleep disorders in cancer survivors. Additional high‐quality RCTs are needed to test the effectiveness of eHealth interventions on fatigue, pain, and sleep disorders in cancer survivors.Clinical relevanceThis systematic review and meta‐analysis provides evidence to offer effective and sustainable eHealth care for symptom management among cancer survivors.
Use of quantum molecular resonance energy for managing postrhinoseptoplasty perilesional edema and ecchymosis
Authors: Ahn Tae Hwan , Kim Do Yeon , Kim Hyoung‐Moon , Oh Wook , Cho Sung Bin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundQuantum molecular resonance (QMR) technology employs nonionizing high‐frequency waves ranging from 4 to 64 MHz to generate low‐intensity quanta of energy that interacts with cellular components.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of QMR treatment on postoperative perilesional edema and ecchymosis in patients with rhinoseptoplasty or revision rhinoseptoplasty.Patients/MethodsIn total, 30 patients were treated with QMR stimulation therapy (QMR group) once daily for 5 days, while another 30 patients were treated with conventional icepack application (control group). The duration of perilesional edema and ecchymosis were comparatively evaluated according to anatomic regions.ResultsIn both groups, the longest duration of postoperative edema and ecchymosis was found on the left anterior cheek, followed by the right anterior cheek, left lower eyelid, right lower eyelid, and right and left upper eyelids. The mean duration of overall postoperative perilesional edema was significantly shorter in the QMR group (2.0 ± 0.8 days) than the control group (4.6 ± 2.0 days); the mean duration of overall ecchymosis was also markedly shorter in the QMR group (2.9 ± 1.5 days) than control group (7.5 ± 2.9 days). Patient satisfaction after postoperative QMR treatment was rated as 2.2 ± 0.8, whereas patient satisfaction in control group was rated as 1.6 ± 0.9.ConclusionOur clinical study demonstrated that postrhinoseptoplasty QMR treatment effectively reduces the duration of postoperative perilesional edema and ecchymosis without remarkable side effects. We suggest that QMR treatment can be considered as an alternative option for noninvasively managing postrhinoseptoplasty perilesional edema and ecchymosis.
Health professionals' perceptions of complex feeding decision‐making in school‐aged children
Authors: Jackson Bianca , Wong Celine , Miles Anna 
Published: November 2021

AimWhilst prevalence of paediatric feeding disorders is high amongst children in specialist schools, there is little guidance for professionals supporting families with a child feeding orally with established risk of aspiration. We sought perceptions of the complex feeding decision‐making process amongst health professionals supporting families in the specialist school setting in New Zealand.MethodsAn observational, cross‐sectional, national online survey of speech‐language therapists was followed by in‐depth interviews with seven health professionals associated with one specialist school.ResultsSurvey responses from 32 speech‐language therapists showed inconsistency in assessment processes and how family, children and school staff are involved in feeding decisions, with 71% reporting a doctor had been involved. Respondents were not confident in their ability to predict aspiration risk, with 41% reporting that they could often determine risk, 41% sometimes and 16% never. Sixty‐three percent of respondents indicated that level of risk was written in a report for a child and 50% reported that every child at high risk had a management plan. Speech‐language therapists valued professional supervision, but it was not always available. Health professionals were broadly positive about the collaborative nature of decision‐making in most but not all situations. They described communication, access/institutional and emotional barriers to timely, shared decision‐making.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate variability in how families are supported to make complex feeding decisions. Health professionals identified a need for clearer processes and strengthened communication between family, school and health professionals. Trusting relationships are critical if all families are to be well‐supported.
Effects of Aeromonas sobria on physiology and fillet quality of market‐sized Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus
Authors: Keretz Shay S. , Peterman Beth , Petrie‐Hanson Lora , Schilling M. Wes , Allen Peter J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChannel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus fillets are rejected by processing plants because of diffuse red discoloration, but the cause of the red discoloration is currently unknown. Previous studies have shown a correlation between Aeromonas sobria and the occurrence of red fillet, although causation has not been established and little is known of the effects of A. sobria on catfish. Therefore, the present study inoculated Channel Catfish with A. sobria to determine whether inoculation induced red discoloration in fillets. Visual examination of the muscle of fish inoculated with A. sobria showed diffuse red blotches around the inoculation area and muscle histology showed increased presence of leukocytes and red blood cells, edema, and necrosis. Inoculation with A. sobria also resulted in necrosis of hematopoietic tissue, interstitial hemorrhage and melanomacrophage aggregates in the posterior kidney, and inflammation in the anterior kidney and spleen. These findings demonstrate intramuscular inoculation of A. sobria can result in red fillets and impact hematopoietic and erythrocytic tissues. Further research will be necessary to assess red fillet prevention and control for both catfish farmers and processors.
Characterizing asphalt mixtures with random aggregate gradations based on the three‐dimensional locally homogeneous model
Authors: Du Cong , Liu Pengfei , Sun Yiren , Chen Jingyun , Liu Quan , Oeser Markus 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA three‐dimensional (3‐D) locally homogeneous model for asphalt mixtures is presented in this study, which can effectively balance the simulating accuracy and computational effort. Moreover, the locally homogeneous model accounts for various aggregate gradations to allow for the mesoscale analysis of the asphalt concrete (AC) under loading. In the first step of the locally homogeneous model development, weighted Voronoi tessellation technology was employed to divide the volume of asphalt mixture into several local parts in terms of the aggregate gradations and random particle locations with each part containing one or a few aggregates particles. Subsequently, the mesomechanical Mori–Tanaka method was used to calculate the homogeneous mechanical properties for each local space. Finally, 3‐D models of asphalt mixtures were developed, which were further used for numerical simulations. The finite element method was used for the asphalt mixture mesoscale investigations. Two asphalt mixtures were studied consisting of dense‐ and gap‐graded aggregates and labeled, respectively, AC‐13 and stone mastic asphalt (SMA)‐11. The efficacy of the numerical analysis was demonstrated by comparing model‐generated responses and performance with compressive dynamic loadings test results. The models demonstrated the ability to characterize the linear viscoelastic performance for both asphalt mixtures. Furthermore, the locally homogeneous models of AC‐13 and SMA‐11 mixtures were coupled into global asphalt pavements to identify the influence of aggregate particles on their mechanical responses. The results indicated that the locally homogeneous models are able to consider both the pavement structure at the global scale and the internal feature of asphalt mixtures at the local scale.