bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paravertebral foramen screw fixation for posterior cervical spine surgery: clinical case series
Authors: Shimizu Tomoaki , Koda Masao , Abe Tetsuya , Asada Tomoyuki , Sato Kosuke , Shibao Yosuke , Kono Mamoru , Eto Fumihiko , Miura Kousei , Mataki Kentaro , Noguchi Hiroshi , Takahashi Hiroshi , Funayama Toru , Yamazaki Masashi 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE
The goal of this study was to clarify the clinical utility of paravertebral foramen screws (PVFSs) and to determine intraoperative indicators for appropriate screw placement during posterior cervical fusion surgery to improve its safety.

METHODS
The authors included data from 46 patients (29 men and 17 women, mean age 61.7 years) who underwent posterior cervical spine surgery with 94 PVFSs. Of the 94 PVFSs, 77 were used in C6, 9 in C3, 5 in C4, and 3 in C5. According to the cervical lateral radiographic view, the authors divided the 94 PVFSs into 3 groups as follows: a longer group, in which the tip of PVFS was located anteriorly from the line of the posterior wall of the vertebral body (> +0 mm); an intermediate group, in which the screw tip was located up to 2 mm posteriorly to the posterior wall of the vertebral body (–2 to 0 mm); and a shorter group, in which the screw tip was located more than 2 mm posteriorly (< –2 mm). The accuracy of screw placement was assessed using CT imaging in the axial plane, and the proportion of screws penetrating a vertebral foramen or a transverse foramen was compared between the 3 groups. Screw loosening was defined as a lucent zone around the screw evaluated on cervical radiography at 1 year after surgery. Complications related to PVFS insertion and revision surgery related to PVFS were evaluated.

RESULTS
The authors classified 25 PVFSs into the longer group, 43 into the intermediate group, and 26 into the shorter group. The proportion of screws penetrating a vertebral foramen was largest in the shorter group, and the proportion penetrating a transverse foramen was largest in the longer group. Screw loosening was confirmed for 3 of 94 PVFSs. One PVFS inserted in C6 unilaterally within a long construct from C2 to C7 showed loosening, but it did not cause clinical symptoms. Revision surgery was required for 2 PVFSs inserted in C3 bilaterally as the lower instrumented vertebra in occiput–cervical fusion because they pulled out. There was no neurovascular complication related to PVFS insertion.

CONCLUSIONS
PVFSs are useful for posterior cervical fusion surgery as alternative anchor screws, and the line of the posterior wall of the cervical body on lateral fluoroscopic images is a potential intraoperative reference to indicate an appropriate trajectory for PVFSs.
Single-position prone lateral transpsoas approach: early experience and outcomes
Authors: Farber S. Harrison , Naeem Komal , Bhargava Malika , Porter Randall W. 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE
Lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) via a transpsoas approach is a workhorse minimally invasive approach for lumbar arthrodesis that is often combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation. There has been increasing interest in performing single-position surgery, allowing access to the anterolateral and posterior spine without requiring patient repositioning. The feasibility of the transpsoas approach in patients in the prone position has been reported. Herein, the authors present a consecutive case series of all patients who underwent single-position prone transpsoas LLIF performed by an individual surgeon since adopting this approach.

METHODS
A retrospective review was performed of a consecutive case series of adult patients (≥ 18 years old) who underwent single-position prone LLIF for any indication between October 2019 and November 2020. Pertinent operative details (levels, cage use, surgery duration, estimated blood loss, complications) and 3-month clinical outcomes were recorded. Intraoperative and 3-month postoperative radiographs were reviewed to assess for interbody subsidence.

RESULTS
Twenty-eight of 29 patients (97%) underwent successful treatment with the prone lateral approach over the study interval; the approach was aborted in 1 patient, whose data were excluded. The mean (SD) age of patients was 67.9 (9.3) years; 75% (21) were women. Thirty-nine levels were treated: 18 patients (64%) had single-level fusion, 9 (32%) had 2-level fusion, and 1 (4%) had 3-level fusion. The most commonly treated levels were L3–4 (n = 15), L2–3 (n = 12), and L4–5 (n = 11). L1–2 was fused in 1 patient. The mean operative time was 286.5 (100.6) minutes, and the mean retractor time was 29.2 (13.5) minutes per level. The mean fluoroscopy duration was 215.5 (99.6) seconds, and the mean intraoperative radiation dose was 170.1 (94.8) mGy. Intraoperative subsidence was noted in 1 patient (4% of patients, 3% of levels). Intraoperative lateral access complications occurred in 11% of patients (1 cage repositioning, 2 inadvertent ruptures of anterior longitudinal ligament). Subsidence occurred in 5 of 22 patients (23%) with radiographic follow-up, affecting 6 of 33 levels (18%). Postoperative functional testing (Oswestry Disability Index, SF-36, visual analog scale–back and leg pain) identified significant improvement.

CONCLUSIONS
This single-surgeon consecutive case series demonstrates that this novel technique is well tolerated and has acceptable clinical and radiographic outcomes. Larger patient series with longer follow-up are needed to further elucidate the safety profile and long-term outcomes of single-position prone LLIF.
Successful management of symptomatic hydrocephalus using a temporary external ventricular drain with or without endoscopic third ventriculostomy in pediatric patients with germinoma
Authors: Ronsley Rebecca , Bouffet Eric , Dirks Peter , Drake James , Kulkarni Abhaya , Bartels Ute 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to describe the management of hydrocephalus in a cohort of pediatric patients with germinoma.

METHODS
The authors conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with germinoma and symptomatic hydrocephalus treated at the Hospital for Sick Children between 2002 and 2020. Descriptive data included tumor location, CSF diversion procedure (external ventricular drain [EVD], endoscopic third ventriculostomy [ETV], ventriculoperitoneal [VP] shunt) and outcomes. The frontooccipital horn ratio (FOR) method was used to determine the presence of ventriculomegaly.

RESULTS
Of 39 patients with germinoma, 22 (73% male) had symptomatic hydrocephalus at diagnosis (11 pineal, 4 suprasellar, and 7 bifocal). Management of hydrocephalus included EVD (n = 5, 22.7%), ETV (n = 5, 22.7%), and combination ETV and EVD (n = 7, 31.8%), whereas 5 patients (22.7%) did not undergo surgical intervention. The median FOR at diagnosis was 0.42 (range 0.38–0.58), which correlated with moderate to severe ventriculomegaly. Carboplatin and etoposide–based chemotherapy induced fast tumor shrinkage, avoiding CSF diversion (n = 5) and resolving hydrocephalus with a transient EVD (n = 5). The median duration until EVD removal was 7 days (range 2–10 days). Two of 12 patients with EVD ultimately required a VP shunt. Kaplan-Meier overall survival was 100% and progression-free survival was 96.4% at a median follow-up of 10.4 years.

CONCLUSIONS
Timely initiation of chemotherapy is imperative to rapidly reduce tumor bulk in children with germinoma and limits the need for VP shunt insertions. In children in whom CSF diversion is required, hydrocephalus may be successfully managed with a temporary EVD ± ETV.
Repeated intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells for enhanced functional recovery in a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia
Authors: Takemura Mitsuhiro , Sasaki Masanori , Kataoka-Sasaki Yuko , Kiyose Ryo , Nagahama Hiroshi , Oka Shinichi , Ukai Ryo , Yokoyama Takahiro , Kocsis Jeffery D. , Ueba Tetsuya , Honmou Osamu 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE
Stroke is a major cause of long-term disability, and there are few effective treatments that improve function in patients during the chronic phase of stroke. Previous research has shown that single systemic infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves motor function in acute and chronic cerebral ischemia models in rats. A possible mechanism that could explain such an event includes the enhanced neural connections between cerebral hemispheres that contribute to therapeutic effects. In the present study, repeated infusions (3 times at weekly intervals) of MSCs were administered in a rat model of chronic stroke to determine if multiple dosing facilitated plasticity in neural connections.

METHODS
The authors induced middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats and, 8 weeks thereafter, used them as a chronic stroke model. The rats with MCAO were randomized and intravenously infused with vehicle only (vehicle group); with MSCs at week 8 (single administration: MSC-1 group); or with MSCs at weeks 8, 9, and 10 (3 times, repeated administration: MSC-3 group) via femoral veins. Ischemic lesion volume and behavioral performance were examined. Fifteen weeks after induction of MCAO, the thickness of the corpus callosum (CC) was determined using Nissl staining. Immunohistochemical analysis of the CC was performed using anti-neurofilament antibody. Interhemispheric connections through the CC were assessed ex vivo by diffusion tensor imaging.

RESULTS
Motor recovery was better in the MSC-3 group than in the MSC-1 group. In each group, there was no change in the ischemic volume before and after infusion. However, both thickness and optical density of neurofilament staining in the CC were greater in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1 group, and then the vehicle group. The increased thickness and optical density of neurofilament in the CC correlated with motor function at 15 weeks following induction of MCAO. Preserved neural tracts that ran through interhemispheric connections via the CC were also more extensive in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1 group and then the vehicle group, as observed ex vivo using diffusion tensor imaging.

CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that repeated systemic administration of MSCs over 3 weeks resulted in greater functional improvement as compared to single administration and/or vehicle infusion. In addition, administration of MSCs is associated with promotion of interhemispheric connectivity through the CC in the chronic phase of cerebral infarction.
Outcome of endoscopic transcortical intraventricular biopsy of isolated thickened pituitary stalk lesions in children
Authors: Jeon Chiman , Choi Jung Won , Kong Doo-Sik , Shin Hyung Jin 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic transcortical intraventricular biopsy in pediatric patients with isolated thickened pituitary stalk lesions.

METHODS
From 1994 to 2018, 16 pediatric patients (8 males and 8 females) underwent endoscopic transcortical intraventricular biopsy at a single institution to establish an accurate pathological diagnosis for appropriate treatment strategies.

RESULTS
Preoperatively, the median diameter of the pituitary stalks was 5.31 ± 1.67 mm (range 3.86–9.17 mm). Overall, the diagnostic yield at endoscopic intraventricular biopsy was 93.8%. Histopathological diagnosis included germinoma (n = 10, 62.5%), Langerhans cell histiocytosis (n = 4, 25%), pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 1, 6.3%), and pituicytoma (n = 1, 6.3%). Two patients developed new diabetes insipidus after the procedure, and 3 patients had new postoperative hypothyroidism. There were no postoperative neurological deficits in this series.

CONCLUSIONS
Neuroendoscopic biopsy via the transcortical intraventricular corridor was shown to be safe and to aid in a reliable histopathological diagnosis in the management of isolated pituitary stalk lesions in pediatric patients. It can be considered a minimally invasive alternative to open biopsy via transcranial or endonasal corridors.
Traditions of Russian Orthodox Culture in Children’s Literary and Art Publications in Russia at the End of the 20th - Beginning of the 21st Century
Authors: Горбатенко Анжелика Геннадьевна 
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматриваются издания детских православных журналов кон. XX - нач. XXI в. через призму традиций православной публицистики, зародившейся в XVII-XVIII вв. Принимаются во внимание журналы, выходящие для детей младшего и старшего возраста, особенности рубрик, авторство статей, направление публикаций. Уточняются преемственность и новаторские отличия рассматриваемых журналов в сравнении со светскими и более ранними православными публицистическими изданиями, преимущественно ориентированными на детскую аудиторию.
The article examines the publication of Orthodox children’s magazines of the late 20th - early 21st century, through the prism of the traditions of Orthodox journalism that originated in the 17th-18th centuries. The author takes into account the journals published for young and older children, the features of the headings, the authorship of articles, the direction of publications. The continuity and innovative differences of the reviewed journals are clarified in comparison with secular and earlier Orthodox journalistic publications, mainly aimed at children.
Orthodox Christianity Church in the diary M. M. Prishvin’s (1905-1954)
Authors: Красников Сергей Васильевич 
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена теме Церкви в дневниках М. М. Пришвина. Акцент делается на эволюции взглядов писателя, а также выявляются те факторы, которыми она обусловлена. Автор отмечает, что впервые о природе Церкви М. М. Пришвин задумался во время своего участия в религиозно-философском кружке Д. Мережковского. Не понимая истинного назначения Церкви, он предпринимает попытки объяснить ее природу и цель существования через призму пантеистического идеала. В довоенный период писатель считает, что причастность человека к церковной жизни вовсе не обязательна, однако с началом Первой мировой войны и революции 1917 г. его взгляды претерпевают важное изменение: он открывает в ней значительную пользу не только для отдельного человека, но и для всей страны. Решающим в деле приятия писателем Церкви и доверия к ней сыграла Великая Отечественная война. В последние годы его жизни мы не находим у М. М. Пришвина критики Православной Церкви, но, напротив, встречаем многочисленные записи о её важном сотериологическом значении для человека. Автор приходит к выводу о сложном эклектичном взгляде М. М. Пришвина на Церковь, что обусловлено его юношеским увлечением марксизмом, пантеистическими воззрениями на мир, а также огромном влиянии Валерии Лиорко. Однако, несмотря на это, писатель не переставал осмыслять данную тему на протяжении всей своей жизни, что и привело его в итоге к сознательному позиционированию себя членом Православной Церкви.
The article is devoted to the topic of the Church in the diaries of M. M. Prishvin. The emphasis is placed on the evolution of the writer’s views, as well as the factors that determine it. The author notes that for the first time M. M. Prishvin thought about the nature of the Church during his participation in the religious and philosophical circle of D. Merezhkovsky. Not understanding the true purpose of the Church, he attempts to explain its nature and purpose of existence through the prism of the pantheistic ideal. In the pre-war period, M. M. Prishvin believes that a person’s involvement in the Church is not at all mandatory, but with the beginning of the First World War and the revolution of 1917, his views undergo an important change: he discovers in it a significant benefit not only for the individual, but also for the whole country. The Second World War played a decisive role in M. M. Prishvin’s acceptance of the Church and trust in it. In the last years of M. M. Prishvin’s life, we do not find him criticizing the Church, but, on the contrary, we findnumerous records about hits important soteriological significance for man. The author comes to the conclusion about M. M. Prishvin’s complex eclectic view of the Church, which is due to his youthful fascination with Marxism, pantheistic views on the world, as well as the huge influence of Valeria Liorko. In spite of this, however, the writer continued to think about the topic throughout his life, which eventually led him to consciously position himself as a member of the Orthodox Church.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Resistensi Terhadap Teknologi Smartwatch (Studi Pada Perilaku Konsumen Di Indonesia)
Authors: Insani Salman Faris , Wijayanti Ariyani Wahyu , Irawati Desti 
Published: December 2021

Pertumbuhan Internet of Thing (IOT) di abad ke-21 ini sangat pesat. Meskipun IoT menawarkan peluang baru, namun memunculkan tantangan pada resistensi. Resistensi adalah suatu reaksi konsumen terhadap inovasi produk, reaksi dapat berupa penundaan pembelian ataupun penolakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mendasari resistensi konsumen terhadap produk smartwatch. Sampel yang digunakan adalah konsumen di Indonesia yang mengetahui namun tidak berminat untuk memiliki produk smartwatch sebanyak 163 responden. Hasil studi ini mengindikasi bahwa variabel gangguan berpengaruh terhadap resitensi konsumen. Selain itu masalah privasi memiliki pengaruh terhadap gangguan dan ketergantungan memiliki pengaruh terhadap kekhawatiran privasi. Selain itu persepsi ketidakbermanfaatan, persepsi harga, persepsi kebaruan dan efikasi diri tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap resistensi.
Molecular Investigation of the Unfolded Protein Response in Select Human Tauopathies
Authors: Pitera Aleksandra P. , Hartnell Iain J. , Scullard Lucy , Williamson Kirsten L. , Boche Delphine , O’Connor Vincent , Deinhardt Katrin 
Published: December 2021

Background: Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases associated with the accumulation of misfolded tau protein. The mechanisms underpinning tau-dependent proteinopathy remain to be elucidated. A protein quality control pathway within the endoplasmic reticulum, the unfolded protein response (UPR), has been suggested as a possible pathway modulating cellular responses in a range of neurodegenerative diseases, including those associated with misfolded cytosolic tau. Objective: In this study we investigated three different clinically defined tauopathies to establish whether these diseases are accompanied by the activation of UPR. Methods: We used PCR and western blotting to probe for the modulation of several reliable UPR markers in mRNA and proteins extracted from three distinct tauopathies: 20 brain samples from Alzheimer’s disease patients, 11 from Pick’s disease, and 10 from progressive supranuclear palsy. In each disease samples from these patients were compared with equal numbers of age-matched non-demented controls. Results: Our investigation showed that different markers of UPR are not changed at the late stage of any of the human tauopathies investigated. Interestingly, UPR signatures were often observed in non-demented controls. Conclusion: These data from late-stage human cortical tissue report an activation of UPR markers within the aged brain across all cohorts investigated and further support the emerging evidence that the accumulation of misfolded cytosolic tau does not drive a disease-associated activation of UPR.
Cobalt oxide enhanced lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite electrode for solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Olivo Alberto , Beyribey Berceste , Kim Hwan , Persky Joshua 
Published: December 2021

A Co3O4 enhanced La0.8Sr0.2Co0.5Fe0.5O3 - δ (LSCF) electrode is developed for use in air electrodes with proton conducting solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The incipient wetness impregnation method enables Co3O4 nanoparticles on the LSCF surface without altering the bulk porosity of the LSCF electrode. The polarization resistance of LSCF electrodes is significantly reduced by Co3O4 doping, and both charge transfer and diffusion/conversion resistances were positively affected. The highest reduction in charge transfer resistance is obtained at 700 °C, which is increased from 21 % to 32 % through reduction of po2. Conversely, the highest reduction in diffusion/conversion resistance is achieved at 550 °C. By increasing po2, the reduction is increased from 57 % to 66 % and its activation energy is reduced up to 33 % compared to pure LSCF. The lowest total area specific resistances obtained under air are 1.45 Ω·cm2, 2.95 Ω·cm2, 6.75 Ω·cm2 and 16.45 Ω·cm2 at 700 °C, 650 °C, 600 °C and 550 °C, respectively.
Theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of unilateral neglect in stroke patients: A systematic review and best evidence synthesis
Authors: Houben Milan , Chettouf Sabrina , Van Der Werf Ysbrand D. , Stins John 
Published: December 2021

Background: Unilateral neglect (UN) is a common and disabling disorder after stroke. UN is a strong and negative predictor of functional rehabilitative outcome. Non-invasive brain stimulation, such as theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TBS), is a promising rehabilitation technique for treating stroke-induced UN. Objective: To systematically review the available literature, researching whether TBS of the contra-lesional hemisphere is more effective than standard rehabilitation in improving symptoms of UN in patients with right hemisphere stroke. Review methods: A systematic review was conducted to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were relevant to the objective of this review. PubMed, Ovid and Cochrane Library electronic databases were comprehensively searched from inception up to February 2021. Of the included studies, methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale, whereafter a best evidence synthesis (BES) was conducted to summarize the results. Results: Nine RCTs investigating the effects of TBS on stroke-induced UN symptoms were included in this review. Seven studies assessing continuous TBS (cTBS) found significantly greater amelioration of UN symptoms in the TBS intervention group when compared to the control group; one study assessing cTBS found no such significant difference. One study assessing intermittent TBS (iTBS) found significant between-group differences in favor of the intervention. The BES yielded strong evidence in favor of cTBS, and limited evidence in favor of iTBS. Conclusions: The included studies in the present review allow the conclusion that TBS can have favorable effects on UN recovery in stroke patients. Its clinical use is recommended in conjunction with cognitive rehabilitation and occupational or physical rehabilitation as needed. However, many aspects for optimal usage of TBS therapy in clinical settings, such as exact TBS protocols, number of sessions, and treatment duration, are not clear.