bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Helvine-danalite mineralogy of the Dulong Sn-Zn polymetallic deposit in southeast Yunnan, China
Authors: Liu Shiyu , Liu Yuping , Ye Lin , Wei Chen , Chen Weihong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Southeastern (SE) Yunnan is a major Sn polymetallic province of China, with the Dulong large Sn-Zn polymetallic deposit (in the Laojunshan orefield) being one of the most representative deposits. Our recent work had first identified helvine-group minerals in this deposit. These minerals mainly occur in massive sphalerite ores, and coexist with sphalerite, pyrrhotite, biotite, talc, cassiterite, and fluorite. Raman spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) analyses indicate that these helvine-group minerals are oscillatory-zoned helvine-danalite. Both the helvine and danalite zones are mixed with varying proportion of the other helvine-group end-member, and our studies indicate that the oscillatory zoning was formed mainly by periodic fluctuations of the fluid physicochemical conditions (notably fS2 and fO2), but less related to the variation of the fluid Mn, Fe, and Zn contents. The helvine zone was likely formed in a higher fS2 but lower fO2 environment than the danalite zone. In this study, we present the first LA-ICP-MS in situ trace element data for the helvine-danalite minerals from Dulong, and the results indicate that the helvine has considerably high contents and a wide range of trace elements. The helvine is rich in Ca, Al, Sc, and Y, while the danalite is rich in Sn and P (reaching thousands of parts per million). Such trace element enrichments are likely controlled by their respective ionic size and chalcophile behavior.
Meanwhile, the fO2 and fS2 conditions during the zoning formation may have also influenced the trace element distributions: trace elements may have mainly entered the helvine-group minerals by substituting into the M-sites in M4[BeSiO4]3S, for instance Al, Sc, and Y substitute for Mn, and Sn and Mg for Fe and Zn. It is noteworthy that the helvine and danalite zones are all HREE-enriched and have distinct negative Eu anomalies. This may be related to the high fluid F-Y-P contents during the mineral formation. High-F-Y fluids can readily incorporate HREEs into helvine-group minerals, and phosphates incorporate HREEs more readily in alkali fluids. Europium occurs as Eu2+ in the fluid, causing the negative Eu anomalies observed. We have also identified grains of cassiterite in the helvine-group minerals and its coexisting sphalerite. U-Pb dating on these cassiterite grains yielded 86.5 ± 1.6 Ma, coeval with the reported sulfide mineralization age. This indicates that both the Be and Sn-Zn polymetallic mineralization occurred in the Cretaceous, and may have been products of the Late Yanshanian Laojunshan magmatic-hydrothermal activity. Considering the close relations with many W(-Be) deposits nearby (e.g., Nanyangtian, Saxi, and Maka), the Laojunshan orefield may also have substantial Be mineralization potential.
A cotunnite-type new high-pressure phase of Fe2S
Authors: Oka Kenta , Tateno Shigehiko , Kuwayama Yasuhiro , Hirose Kei , Nakajima Yoichi , Umemoto Koihiro , Tsujino Noriyoshi , Kawaguchi Saori I. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We examined pressure-induced phase transitions in Fe2S based on high-pressure and high-temperature X-ray diffraction measurements in a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell. Fe2S is not stable at ambient pressure but is known to form above 21 GPa with the Fe2P-type (C22) structure. Our experiments demonstrate a novel phase transition in Fe2S from the C22 to C23 phase with the Co2P-type cotunnite structure above ~30 GPa. The experiments also reveal a transformation from the C23 to C37 (Co2Si-type) phase above ~130 GPa. While the C23 and C37 structures exhibit the same crystal-lographic symmetry (orthorhombic Pnma), the coordination number of sulfur increases from nine in C23 to ten in C37. Such a sequence of pressure-induced phase transitions in Fe2S, C22 → C23 → C37, are similar to those of Fe2P, while they are not known in oxides and halogens that often adopt the C23 cotunnite-type structure. The newly found cotunnite-type Fe2S phase could be present in solid iron cores of planets, including Mars.
The academic anxiety of students in pandemic era
Authors: Nihayah Ulin , Sadnawi Ahmad Shofwan Ats-Tsauri , Naillaturrafidah Nuha 
Published: July 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to describe the problems of academic anxiety that occur in college students as a result of the COVID pandemic that occurs and alternative solutions to overcome them in the perspective of counseling guidance.Method - The research method used was descriptive quantitative, where the author conducts a survey to students who experience academic anxiety during the pandemic. The sample of the study consisted of 28 students from 9 universitiesResult - The results of the research conducted are that the psychological anxiety disorders due to online lectures related to the influence of online lectures on student sleep patterns as much as 32.1%, 17.9% have difficulty sleeping, and 11.1% wake up sluggish. In addition, there are anxiety disorders due to online lectures that have a physical impact on the condition marked by 42.9% feeling lethargic and unmotivated, 14.3% achy, 28.6% eye strain, 14.8%, so it has an impact on mastery of the material with the result that 82.1% can absurb master the material, and the rest did not master the material.Implications – This study can be used to improve the problems of academic anxiety that occur in college students as a result of the COVID pandemic.Originality - This research is the study analysis student academic-anxiety in dealing with online lectures by using the analysis of counseling guidance.***Tujuan - Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan permasalahan academic anxiety yang terjadi pada mahasiswa akibat pandemi COVID yang terjadi dan alternatif solusi untuk mengatasinya dalam perspektif bimbingan konseling.Metode - Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, dimana penulis melakukan survey kepada mahasiswa yang mengalami academic anxiety selama masa pandemi. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 28 mahasiswa dari 9 universitas.Hasil - Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gangguan kecemasan psikologis akibat kuliah online terkait pengaruh kuliah online terhadap pola tidur mahasiswa sebanyak 32,1%, sulit tidur 17,9%, dan bangun lamban 11,1%. Selain itu terdapat gangguan kecemasan akibat kuliah online yang berdampak pada kondisi fisik yang ditandai dengan 42,9% merasa lesu dan tidak bersemangat, 14,3% pegal, 28,6% mata tegang, 14,8% sehingga berdampak pada penguasaan materi. dengan hasil 82,1% dapat menguasai materi, dan sisanya tidak menguasai materi.Implikasi - Penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki masalah kecemasan akademik yang terjadi pada mahasiswa akibat pandemi COVID.Originalitas - Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analisis kecemasan akademik mahasiswa dalam menghadapi perkuliahan online dengan menggunakan analisis bimbingan konseling.
Application of red edge band in remote sensing extraction of surface water body: a case study based on GF-6 WFV data in arid area
Authors: Lu Zhao , Wang Daqing , Deng Zhengdong , Shi Yue , Ding Zhibin , Ning Hao , Zhao Hongfei , Zhao Jiazheng , Xu Haoli , Zhao Xiaoning 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper mainly researches the application method of red edge band in water body remote sensing extraction. Gaofen-6 (GF-6) WFV data were chosen for the high spatial resolution, more bands, and wide width. Two new methods were proposed: the single-band threshold method based on the red edge 2 band and the decision tree model method based on the combined operation of the green band, red band, near infrared band, red edge 1 band, and red edge 2 band. Four traditional methods were used for comparing the extraction accuracy. Two study areas with different characteristics were chosen to analyze the reliability of the proposed method, one mountainous and one urban region, both located in Minqin, Gansu, China, which is a typical arid area. The results showed that the two red edge bands of the GF-6 WFV data can be utilized to extract water body information. Kappa coefficients extracted from the single-band threshold method based on the red edge 2 band in water bodies in mountainous and urban areas reached 96.18% and 93.21%, respectively. The decision tree method has the best extraction effect. Kappa coefficients of this method in mountain and urban water bodies were 97.73% and 94.41%, respectively.
Evaluation of Yangon city tap water quality and the efficacy of household treatment
Authors: Ko Shane Htet , Sakai Hiroshi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Yangon was one of the first cities in Asia to establish a tap water system. However, the city's water supply infrastructure now lags far behind those of other regions as a consequence of political instability over the last six decades. The installation of disinfection facilities in the tap water system and the enactment of the Myanmar National Drinking Water Quality Standard (MNDWQS) were accomplished only recently during the short period of democratic government. Due to the lack of reliable published information, the suitability of the tap water for drinking remains unclear to city residents. The quality of tap water and bottled water in the central business district was examined to assess compliance with the MNDWQS. The results showed that 95% of tap water delivered to homes was contaminated with Escherichia coli or coliform bacteria. Only 14% of bottled water was free of E. coli and coliform contamination. The efficacy of household treatment devices was tested, and ceramic purifiers (CPs) and reverse osmosis (RO) devices were found to be highly (&gt;99%) effective for E. coli elimination. RO devices performed better in terms of dissolved organic carbon reduction at 60% compared with 43% reduction with CPs.
Study on the coordinated development of urbanization and water resources utilization efficiency in China
Authors: Wang S. Y. , Chen W. M. , Wang R. , Zhao T. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper uses the Lotka-Volterra model to illustrate the synergistic relationship between urbanization and water resources utilization efficiency. Combined with a multi-choice goal programming model, the ideal cooperation coefficient between urbanization and water resources utilization efficiency in each provincial region was calculated under the condition of a coordination equilibrium. The results show that the urbanization level of China's provincial regions is uneven. The urbanization level of the eastern coastal developed areas is the highest, followed by the central area, and the western area is the lowest. Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Beijing and Shandong are at a high level of urbanization. The total factor productivity (tfp) of two-thirds of the provincial regions changed to be &gt;1. During the observation period, water use efficiency of most provinces in China improved. The distribution characteristics of urbanization level and water resources utilization efficiency are not consistent. There is no mutually beneficial relationship between urbanization and water resources utilization in most provincial regions. In a few areas, there is a partial benefit cooperation relationship between them. There is a mutually beneficial relationship in a few regions but the level of coordination in the provincial Chinese mainland is relatively low, and needs to be improved.
A laboratory study of the effect of asymmetric-lattice collar shape and placement on scour depth and flow pattern around a bridge pier
Authors: Raeisi Narges , Ghomeshi Mehdi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, the effect of collar shape and alignment on reducing scour depth at the front part of a bridge pier, under clear water conditions, was investigated to determine changes in the flow pattern around the structure. Collars were examined in two asymmetrical shapes with dimensions of and at three levels of installation relative to the bed: at bed level itself, and at 1 and 2 cm above the bed. The results revealed that the presence of the collar not only reduced the ultimate scouring depth but also delayed the formation of the scouring hole. This impact was observed to be greater as the size of the collar increased. In addition, lowering the alignment of the collars can lead to their better performance and efficiency in the cost of the design. Therefore, collars installed on the bed surface indicated good performance in controlling scour. On the other hand, once the flow characteristics around the bridge pier with and without collar were examined, it was determined that affecting the downstream flow reduces the strength of the vortices and changes the reciprocating behavior and the displacement of the vortices.
Zinc and cadmium adsorption from wastewater using hydroxyapatite synthesized from flue gas desulfurization waste
Authors: Kızıltas Demir Sıla , Tugrul Nurcan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to produce an alternative cost-effective adsorbent to remove zinc and cadmium from wastewater using hydroxyapatite (HAP) synthesized with hydrothermal method from FGD (Flue gas desulfurization) waste generated by two different coal power plants. The effects of FGD type (Cayırhan and Orhaneli) and molar ratio (H3PO4/CaSO4) (0.6–4.79) on HAP synthesis were investigated. Afterwards, effects of the adsorbent dose (1–2 g/L), heavy metal concentration (30, 40, 50 mg/L) and contact time (1, 2, 3, 4 h) on zinc and cadmium adsorption yield from synthetic wastewater using produced HAP were examined. FGD waste and synthesized FGD-HAP were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) instruments. The zinc and cadmium concentration was studied by Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Maximum zinc adsorption capacity of the Cayırhan FGD-HAP was 49.97 and 49.99 mg/L, Orhaneli FGD-HAP was 49.96 and 49.99 mg/L, for 1 g/L and 2 g/L adsorbent dose, respectively, for 50 mg/L heavy metal concentration and 4 h contact time. Maximum cadmium adsorption capacity of the Cayırhan FGD-HAP was 39.98 and 39.99 mg/L, Orhaneli FGD-HAP was 40 and 39.99 mg/L, for 1 g/L and 2 g/L adsorbent dose, respectively, for 40 mg/L heavy metal concentration and 4 h contact time. Adsorption yields were calculated between 98.53% and 100%. The adsorption data were well explained by a second-order kinetic model, and the Freundlich isotherm model fits the equilibrium data. The adsorption results demonstrated that FGD's waste is an effective source to synthesize HAP, which is used as an adsorbent for zinc and cadmium removal from wastewater due to high adsorption capacity.
Synthesis of zinc chloride activated eco-friendly nano-adsorbent (activated carbon) from food waste for removal of pollutant from biodiesel wash water
Authors: Santhosh A. , Dawn S. S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Food waste has been a complex component added to municipal solid waste, making it a major reason for the evolution of greenhouse gases, foul odour and a dwelling habitat for insects and microbes. Diversion of the mixed food waste (unsegregated) to useful materials (activated carbon) would have immense industrial significance. In this study, rice, vegetables, oil and spice (WCVR); mixed fruit peels including banana peel, pomegranate peel, orange peel and lemon peel (MFPW); plain rice (WCR) and mixed food waste (rice, dhal, vegetables, fruits, meat and bones) (MFW) were used. Food waste samples were heated at a temperature of 350 °C for 3 h in an incinerator and then activated with zinc chloride for 2 h in a muffle furnace maintained at 500–600 °C temperature. Zinc chloride activated carbon was characterized through X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. WCR carbon was the best-activated carbon, yielding nanomaterials with 2θ = 25.81, 31.76, 34.41 and 56.54, which was in accordance with the JCPDS card number. The MFW activated carbon reduced the biodiesel wash water pH from 10 to 6.5 making it suitable for recycling. Turbidity was reduced by 98.41%, chemical oxygen demand by 41.33%, oil and grease by 99.05% for MFW carbon.
Best-fit probability distribution models for monthly rainfall of Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Ximenes Patricia de Souza Medeiros Pina , Silva Antonio Samuel Alves da , Ashkar Fahim , Stosic Tatijana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The analysis of precipitation data is extremely important for strategic planning and decision-making in various natural systems, as well as in planning and preparing for a drought period. The drought is responsible for several impacts on the economy of Northeast Brazil (NEB), mainly in the agricultural and livestock sectors. This study analyzed the fit of 2-parameter distributions gamma (GAM), log-normal (LNORM), Weibull (WEI), generalized Pareto (GP), Gumbel (GUM) and normal (NORM) to monthly precipitation data from 293 rainfall stations across NEB, in the period 1988–2017. The maximum likelihood (ML) method was used to estimate the parameters to fit the models and the selection of the model was based on a modification of the Shapiro-Wilk statistic. The results showed the chosen 2-parameter distributions to be flexible enough to describe the studied monthly precipitation data. The GAM and WEI models showed the overall best fits, but the LNORM and GP models gave the best fits in certain months of the year and regions that differed from the others in terms of their average precipitation.
"Ne bis in eadem" based on the judgement of the Tribunal of the Rota of the Apostolic Nunciature in Spain coram Carlos Morán Bustos of 15th June 2007
Authors: Kantor Robert 
Published: July 2021

W Kościele rzymskokatolickim władza sądownicza stanowi część władzy rządzenia, która zgodnie z kan. 135 KPK dzieli się na władzę ustawodawczą, wykonawczą i sądowniczą. Funkcja sądownicza zawiera się w sądzeniu, czyli w deklarowaniu i aplikowaniu prawa do pojedynczych sytuacji spornych. Władza ta przypisana jest jako własna papieżowi oraz biskupom, natomiast codziennie i praktycznie jest ona wykonywana w Kościele na sposób zastępczy przez osoby i struktury ustanowione na sposób stały do jej sprawowania, czyli przez Trybunały Apostolskie oraz trybunały biskupie.
Jednym z takich trybunałów jest Trybunał Roty Nuncjatury Apostolskiej w Hiszpanii zwany Trybunałem Roty w Madrycie lub najczęściej nazywany po prostu Rotą Hiszpańską. Jest to trybunał zasadniczo apelacyjny i został utworzony na mocy przywileju Stolicy Apostolskiej w XVI w. Przedmiotem artykułu jest komentarz do wyroku, w którym kluczowe jest zagadnienie podwójnego rozpatrywania tej samej sprawy.
Unraveling Potential Candidate Targets Associated with Expression of p16INK4a or p16 Truncated Fragment by Comparative Proteomics Analysis
Authors: Fahham Najmeh , Zandi Fatemeh , Ghahremani Mohammad Hossein , Ostad Seyed Nasser , Vaziri Behrouz , Shahraeini Seyed Sadegh , Sardari Soroush 
Published: July 2021

Background:p16 is a tumor suppressor protein that is significantly involved in cycle regulation through the reduction of cell progression from the G1 phase to the S phase via CDK-cyclin D/p16INK4a/pRb/E2F cascade. The minimum functional domain of p16 has been uncovered that may function comparable to wild type p16.Objective:To expand the knowledge on molecules and mechanisms by which p16 or p1666-156 fragment suppresses human fibrosarcoma cell line growth, differential proteome profiles of fibrosarcoma cells following p16 full length or the functional domain overexpression, were analyzed.Methods:Following transfecting HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells with p16 full length, p1666-156 truncated form, and pcDNA3.1 empty vector, protein extract of each sample was harvested and clarified by centrifugation, and then the protein content was determined via Bradford assay. All protein extract of each sample was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Immunoblot analysis was performed as further validation of the expression status of identified proteins.Results:Expression of p16 or p1666-156 fragment could induce mostly the common alterations (up/- down-regulation) of proteome profile of HT-1080 cells. Mass spectrometry identification of the differentially expressed protein spots revealed several proteins that were grouped in functional clusters, including cell cycle regulation and proliferation, cell migration and structure, oxidative stress, protein metabolism, epigenetic regulation, and signal transduction.Conclusion:The minimum functional domain of p16 could act in the same way as p16 full length. Also, these new findings can significantly enrich the understanding of p16 growth-suppressive function at the molecular level by the introduction of potential candidate targets for new treatment strategies. Furthermore, the present study provides strong evidence on the functional efficacy of the identified fragment of p16 for further attempts toward peptidomimetic drug design or gene transfer to block cancer cell proliferation.
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Syntheses of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Sansinenea Estibaliz , Ortiz Aurelio 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The total syntheses of complex natural products have evolved to include new methodologies to save time, simplifying the form to achieve these natural compounds.

Objective:
In this review, we have described the asymmetric synthesis of different natural products and biologically active compounds of the last ten years until the current day.

Results:
An asymmetric organocatalytic reaction is a key to generate stereoselectively the main structure with the required stereochemistry.

Conclusion:
Even more remarkable, the organocatalytic cascade reactions, which are carried out with high stereoselectivity, as well as a possible approximation of the organocatalysts activation with sub-strates are also described.
Isolation of Actinomycetes and Screening for Lipase Inhibitors Production
Authors: Chandwad Shivabai , Chandwad Chandrasen , Gutte Sudhakar 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Obesity is a growing global health problem. Obesity leads to cardiovascular
disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. One of the approaches to
controlling and treating obesity has involved inhibition of dietary lipid digestion by pancreatic lipase
inhibitors. Microbes and plant sources provide a rich source of enzyme inhibitors, including pancreatic
lipase inhibitors that can be developed as a drug for obesity treatment.

Objective:
The objective of the work, mainly focuses and highlights the isolation of actinomycetes and
screening for pancreatic lipase inhibitors production.

Methods:
Actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples by pre-treatment of samples and using selective
growth medium with and without antibiotics. Isolated actinomycetes were grown in fermentation
conditions and metabolites were extracted with isopropyl alcohol and the solvent evaporated to get
crude material. Extract of each isolate screened for pancreatic lipase inhibition using p- nitrophenyl
palmitate as substrate by spectroscopic method.

Results:
A total of 86 actinomycetes strains were isolated from soil samples. Out of 86 extracts,10 extracts
have shown positive results for porcine pancreatic lipase inhibition, and inhibition activity was in
the range of 10-80%. 50 % inhibitory concentration determined using 1 to 8 mg/mL extract in the assay.
Extract of isolate A9, B3, and C6 having 50 % inhibitory activity below 3 mg/mL concentration
and Orlistat as a standard has shown 50 % inhibitory activity at below 1 mg/mL concentration.

Conclusion:
The results conclude that actinomycetes are potential source of lipase inhibitors, which
may lead to valuable novel drugs for obesity treatment.