bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Returning to ‘Nature’
Authors: Pepe Teresa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the link between futurism and the environment from a historical perspective by studying how the future of ‘nature’ is imagined in two Egyptian speculative texts written during the 20th century, specifically, an essay entitled ‘Baʿd miʾat sana’ (‘One Hundred Years After’) written by the Lebanese writer and intellectual Jurjy Zaydan in 1900 and the novel as-Sayyid min Haql al-Sabanikh (The Gentleman from the Spinach Field), published by the writer and journalist Sabri Musa in 1987. Although written more than 80 years apart, both texts speculate what Egypt will be like in the future, and both anticipate a ‘return to nature’ (al-rujūʿ ila al-tabiʿa). Borrowing insights from Middle Eastern environmental history and utopian-dystopian literary studies, the study places the texts within a larger speculative literary trend in the Arab region and elsewhere that interlaces with changing notions of environmental futures. Besides, it interprets the futuristic imagination of the two authors in light of the environmental and urban transformations occurring in Egypt during the 20th century. The comparative analysis of the two texts shows that while Zaydan anticipated a utopian future world where humans could rule and exploit ‘nature’ to progress towards a better future, thus reproducing in large part a colonial environmental imaginary, Musa’s dystopian vision is based on a conception of the human than does more harm than good to ‘nature’, and on the belief that ‘nature’ could eventually revolt against human control.
Treatment of BRCA 1 mutated breast cancer with a PARP inhibitor and an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor
Authors: Hoppe Christina , Roubal Kiera , Pavuluri Sushma , Lupak Oleksandra 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has traditionally been challenging to treat due to its lack of hormone receptors (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which were perceived as the only “targets” for treatment of breast cancer. Since 2017, targeted treatment options, such as olaparib, have been approved for the treatment of germline BReast CAncer gene (BRCA) mutated breast cancer, and immune checkpoint inhibitors for TNBC. Case Report A 45-year-old female was diagnosed with BRCA1 mutated TNBC and ovarian cancer in 2018, and adjuvant treatment was partially completed. In 2020, her CA-125 rose and olaparib was initiated. Due to tolerability, she stopped treatment and transitioned to surveillance. In 2021, imaging showed brain metastases, and she started capecitabine. In November 2021 she progressed and transferred care to us. Management and Outcome Due to suspected dual metastatic TNBC and ovarian cancers, and ovarian tissue demonstrating a combined positive score (CPS) of 3, gemcitabine, carboplatin and pembrolizumab were initiated. After six cycles, imaging demonstrated resolution of brain lesions, and pembrolizumab maintenance was continued. In March 2023, she switched to carboplatin, paclitaxel and bevacizumab, due to suspected progression of her ovarian cancer and resolution of breast cancer. She continued until December 2023 and switched to olaparib and bevacizumab. Discussion There is limited data to support sequential use of immunotherapy following treatment with a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. The case report presented here demonstrates successful treatment of a patient with BRCA1 mutated TNBC treated with pembrolizumab after olaparib.
Patterns and predictors of therapeutic response to efgartigimod in acetylcholine receptor-antibody generalized myasthenia gravis subtypes
Authors: Jin Lei , Zou Zhangyu , Wang Qinzhou , Zeng Wenshuang , Jiang Qilong , Chen Jing , Shi Jianquan , Yu Yanyan , Hong Daojun , Zeng Quantao , Tan Song , Yue Yaoxian , Zhang Zhouao , Zhang Yong , Guo Xiuming , Du Lei , Zhao Zhongyan , Huang Shixiong , Chen Ying , Wu Zongtai , Yan Chong , Xi Jianying , Song Jie , Luo Sushan , Zhao Chongbo 
Published: February 2025

Background: Efgartigimod is an approved biologic for generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), which is an autoimmune disease and can potentially be life-threatening. However, the therapeutic response to efgartigimod among the acetylcholine receptor gMG (AChR-gMG) subtypes remains inconclusive. Objective: To explore the patterns and predictors for the therapeutic response to efgartigimod among AChR-gMG subtypes. Design: This prospective, observational study included AChR-gMG patients treated with efgartigimod at 15 centers in China with a follow-up for at least 20 weeks. Methods: The primary outcome was the proportion of minimal symptom expression (MSE) responders, denoted by a Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) score of 0 or 1 within 4 weeks and maintained for ⩾4 weeks. AChR antibody-positive MG (AChR-MG) subtypes were classified into early onset myasthenia gravis (EOMG), late-onset myasthenia gravis (LOMG), and thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis (TAMG). The predictive factors for MSE responders were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: One hundred sixteen patients were included with a median follow-up duration of 238 days (172.5–306.3). There were 50 (43.1%) patients with EOMG, 28 (24.1%) with LOMG and 38 (32.8%) with TAMG. After efgartigimod initiation, 35 (30.2%) patients were MSE responders, and the proportion of MSE responders was highest in the LOMG group (42.9%). The MG-ADL score reduction in the LOMG group was more significant than in the EOMG group by weeks 16 and 20 (both p = 0.022). Response patterns to efgartigimod among the AChR-MG subtypes differed as measured by the proportion of improved patients and MSE. LOMG presented sustained symptom control, while EOMG and TAMG showed more fluctuations. Eight TAMG patients (21.1%) switched to another biologic ( p = 0.005). Baseline MG-ADL was an independent predictor for therapeutic response to efgartigimod ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings revealed patterns of treatment responses among AChR-gMG subtypes, with LOMG patients potentially presenting a more sustained response. These findings likely provide preliminary data for precision therapy in MG in the era of biologics. Trial registration: NCT04535843.
Efficacy of green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles in attenuation salt stress in Glycine max plants: modulations in metabolic constituents and cell ultrastructure
Authors: Abdelhameed Reda E. , Hegazy Hegazy S. , Abdalla Hanan , Adarosy Marwa H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Salinity is among the major abiotic stresses faced by different countries; limiting plant growth, development and yield. This research work was carried out to evaluate the influence of green prepared titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on the growth, metabolic constituents and ultrastructural alterations of soybean (Glycine max L.) plants exposed to salt stress. TiO2 NPs were green synthesized using an aqueous solution of Aloe vera leaf extract and the obtained NPs were identified using several techniques. An in vivo pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the role of foliar sprayed TiO2 NPs (30 ppm) on soybean plants irrigated by six NaCl concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM). After 15 and 30 days from salt application, growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble protein, enzymatic antioxidants and ultrastructural changes were tested for potential tolerance of soybean plants growing under salt stress. Results revealed that increasing salt concentrations induced a significant decrease in shoot length, fresh and dry weights as well as the photosynthetic pigments, these decreases were due to increasing electrolyte leakage of soybean plants. However, application of TiO2 NPs showed improvements in the vegetative growth by increasing its pigments and protein contents. There was a marked increase in the contents of enzymatic antioxidants in salt stressed soybean plants and further accumulation of their contents with TiO2 NPs application. Salt stressed soybean plants showed structural and ultrastructural deformation which was lessened by TiO2 NPs application. Finally, our research demonstrates the role of TiO2 NPs in alleviating salt stress in soybean plants via restoring the antioxidants and cell ultrastructure, highlighting their potential role as a sustainable and eco-friendly strategy.
Genetic structure and conservation implications of Lancea tibetica (Mazaceae), a traditional Tibetan medicinal plant endemic to the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau
Authors: Xia Mingze , Chi Xiaofeng , Yu Jingya , Han Yun , Han Shuang , Chen Shilong , Li Yan , Zhang Faqi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Allopatric divergence is often initiated by geological uplift and climate oscillations. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an excellent place for such research because the plants of this area have experienced such historical processes as glacial contraction, interglacial expansion and geographical isolation. Here in this study, we used Genotyping-By-Sequencing data to investigate allopatric divergence of Lancea tibetica, an endemic herb to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A total of 12,005 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms were obtained from 183 individuals of 23 natural distribution areas.

Results
Our results confirm that L. tibetica is divided into Northern and Southern groups, separated by the Tangula Mountains, Nyainqentanglha Mountains, and the Salween River. Demographic modeling indicated a bottleneck event around 300 kya, followed by gene flow and a recent expansion in both groups. Geographic isolation and climatic variation are likely the primary factors shaping the population structure of this species. Species distribution models reveal that elevation is the most significant factor influencing the distribution of L. tibetica, followed by precipitation and temperature. In scenarios of future global warming, suitable habitats for L. tibetica are likely to be significantly reduced, with an anticipated migration to higher altitudes. Given the current and projected distribution patterns of L. tibetica, the implementation of in-situ conservation and commercial cultivation measures is particularly urgent.

Conclusions
Our study contributes insights into understanding the genetic variation and distribution pattern of species in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its adjacent areas, serving as a valuable reference for future conservation efforts.
A rare case of lingual mucosal leishmaniasis caused by reactivation of Leishmania infantum infection
Authors: Eggers Yannik , Holtfreter Martha , Müller-Stoever Irmela , Mischlinger Johannes , Hammacher Andreas , Hemmerlein Bernhard , Kreuter Alexander , Oellig Frank , Tappe Dennis , Luedde Tom , Feldt Torsten , Orth Hans Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background

Leishmania infantum is the only prevalent Leishmania species in Europe and manifesting predominantly as cutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis, whereas new world species like Leishmania (L.) braziliensis are well known pathogens in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Mucosal leishmaniasis caused by L. infantum is a rare clinical condition with only few cases described in literature. In contrast to our case, mostly immunocompromised patients with no history of leishmaniasis are affected.

Case presentation
We describe the case of a 77-year-old German male who developed an ulcerous lesion of the tongue. As oral cancer was suspected, the patient underwent surgery. After suspected diagnosis of Leishmania spp. in histopathology, the patient was referred to our department for further diagnostics and treatment. Relapse from a cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired in Spain is likely, as L. infantum could be identified as the causative agent. The patient recovered after treatment.

Conclusions
Mucosal leishmaniasis caused by L. infantum is rare and usually mistaken for malignancy. As demonstrated, it can be preceded by cutaneous leishmaniasis of the immunocompetent. Due to possible dissemination systemic treatment should be applied.
The impact of air pollutants on emergency ambulance dispatches due to mental and behavioral disorders in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Tian Yu-Chen , Yin Zi-Ming , Wang Peng , Li Lei , Huang Su-Li , Cheng Jin-Quan , Jiang Hong-Wei , Yin Ping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The relationships between air pollutants and mental and behavioral disorders (MBDs) remain unclear. We aimed to identify the primary pollutants affecting mental health and evaluate the short-term effects on emergency ambulance dispatches (EADs) due to MBDs.

Methods
Time-stratified case-crossover study and conditional logistic regression model were adopted to explore the impact of air pollutants on EADs due to MBDs from 2013 to 2020 in Shenzhen, China. In order to clarify the influence of gender and age on association, subgroup analysis was carried out. We also applied binary response surface model and distributed lag interaction model to examine the interaction effects between pollutants and meteorological factors on EADs due to MBDs.

Results
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was the primary pollutant in Shenzhen that affects the EADs due to mental and behavioral disorders, exhibiting significant immediate exposure effects and cumulative lag effects. As NO2 concentration increased, the risk of EADs due to mental and behavioral disorders showed a linear upward trend without a threshold. For each interquartile range (IQR) increase of NO2, the odds ratio (OR) associated with MBDs was highest at lag 2 in the single-day lag pattern (OR = 1.035, 95% CI: 1.012–1.060) and the effect of NO2 reached its maximum at lag 0–6 with OR of 1.078 (95% CI: 1.037–1.122). We did not observe significant associations between PM2.5, PM10, SO2, O3 and CO exposures and EADs due to MBDs. In addition, there was an interaction effect between NO2 and Humidity index (Humidex). Both high and low Humidex would aggravate the influence of pollutants on mental health.

Conclusions
Short exposure to NO2 was positively associated with acute onset of MBDs in Shenzhen, China. Health departments should take effective measures to raise public awareness of NO2 and Humidex, as well as their interaction effects.
The role of sweet/fruit-flavored disposable electronic cigarettes on early nicotine initiation - a systematic review
Authors: Kopa-Stojak Paulina Natalia , Pawliczak Rafal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Sweet/fruit disposable e-cigarettes (ECs) are cheap, easy to use, and look like inconspicuous colored markers, which encourages young people and young adults to use them. This work attempts to summarize current knowledge about the effect of sweet/fruit-flavor disposable ECs on early nicotine initiation.

Methods
The literature search was performed in June 2024 in Pub Med, Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct databases by the terms ‘ends’, ‘electronic nicotine delivery system’, ‘disposable electronic cigarette’, ‘disposable e-cigarette’, ‘cig-a-like e-cigarette’, ‘cig-a-like electronic cigarette’, ‘nicotine initiation’.

Results
This systematic review analyzes findings from four heterogenous US studies. All analyzed studies highlighted that sweet/fruit-flavored ECs, compared to mint/menthol- or tobacco-flavors, were the most commonly chosen by youths and young adults during initiation and progression of vaping, regardless of the device type. Furthermore, two studies determined that never-smokers mostly start vaping by using modifiable ECs compared to disposable EC devices. Moreover, all studies showed that initiation by using disposable ECs was lower in people who had never previously vaped or smoked compared to current/former ECs users and former tobacco cigarettes (TCs) smokers or dual users.

Conclusions
Due to limited number of studies, their limited location, scope (mostly ever users aged ≥ 18), and moderate quality of the studies, it is difficult to clearly determine the effect of sweet/fruit-flavored disposable ECs on early nicotine initiation. Moreover, it is difficult to determine if sweet/fruit-flavored disposable EC have a role in the avoiding the initiation of tobacco cigarettes or delaying the initiation by the effect of competition. The findings from this systematic review are preliminary and require validation through high-quality, global studies among youth and young adult never-smokers/never-vapers who initiated using tobacco products with sweet/fruit-flavored disposable ECs and continue vaping and/or smoking any tobacco products (and any flavors).

Trial registration
The study protocol of this systematic review was registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with registration number CRD42024585153.
Deep learning-based automated guide for defining a standard imaging plane for developmental dysplasia of the hip screening using ultrasonography: a retrospective imaging analysis
Authors: Ahn Kyung-Sik , Choi Ji Hye , Kwon Heejou , Lee Seoyeon , Cho Yongwon , Jang Woo Young 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
We aimed to propose a deep-learning neural network model for automatically detecting five landmarks during a two-dimensional (2D) ultrasonography (US) scan to develop a standard plane for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) screening.

Method
A model of global and local networks was developed to detect five landmarks for DDH screening during 2D US. Patients (N = 532) who underwent hip US for DDH screening from January 2016 to December 2021 at a tertiary medical center were enrolled. All datasets were randomly split into training, validation, and test sets in a 70:10:20 ratio for the final assessment of landmark detection. The performance of this model for detecting five landmarks for guiding DDH was analyzed using the root mean square error (RMSE) and dice similarity coefficient.

Results
The RMSE value for the five landmarks for diagnosing and classifying DDH using global and local networks was 4.023 ± 3.723. The point results using EfficientNetB2 were 1.69 ± 1.26 (first point), 3.34 ± 2.37 (second point), 2.54 ± 1.61 (third point), 5.92 ± 4.25 (fourth point), and 6.61 ± 4.82 (fifth point).

Conclusions
Our deep-learning network model is feasible for detecting five landmarks for DDH using ultrasound images. The primary parameters to determine DDH will be significantly detected by applying the deep-learning model in clinical settings.
The elicitation of patient preferences for hip replacement surgery: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Rohrbacher Stefan , Emmert Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The calculation of aggregated composite measures is a widely used approach to reduce the amount of quality-related data on hospital report cards (HRCs). This study aims to elicit patient preferences for hospital choice concerning publicly available hospital quality information for total hip replacement surgery. The results may assist in the development of weighted composite measures for elective hip replacement, which facilitates a conscious selection of the hospital.

Methods
We collect primary survey data on a sample of 364 randomly selected users of the German HRC “Weisse Liste” (WL) (4/5 2023). The key attributes for hospital choice are based on the information provided in WL. We run various model specifications to identify patient preferences, allowing the analysis of unobserved preference heterogeneity.

Results
Our sample consists of 177 respondents (mean age 56.46; 43.5% female). All attributes used are statistically significant for hospital choice (

$$p<0.01$$

p
<
0.01

). Patients consider the “Quality of treatment” (26.95%; level range 1.734) and “Number of cases treated” (24.78%; level range 1.594) to be the most important. In contrast, “EndoCert Certificate” (17.50%; level range 1.126), “Equipment and qualification” (15.83%; level range 1.018), and “Recommendation from other patients” (14.94%; level range 0.960) remain less important. We find no evidence for unobserved heterogeneity regarding the preferences for hospital choice.

Conclusion
Based on our findings, HRC users value publicly available hospital quality information for elective hip replacement differently. These differences should be taken into account when calculating aggregated composite measures. Our results may allow the calculation of a weighted aggregate composite measure from the perspective of HRC users.
Trials for reducing the dangerous effect on poultry fed on aflatoxin contaminated ration using nano curcumin
Authors: Hamouda Marwa Abo Bakr , Saad Adel Hassan , El-Saadany Amr Abd El-khalik Abd El- hamid , El Sharawey Tamer Mohammed Hafez Ahmed , Abdo Walied , El-diasty Eman Mahmoud , Fadl Sabreen Ezzat , Abdelhiee Ehab Yahya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Aflatoxin has a negative impact on the health of both humans and animals. One of the reasons for financial losses in the chicken sector is aflatoxicosis. In chickens, aflatoxicosis results in lowered growth rates and egg production, increased mortality, and diseases susceptibility. The current investigation sought to determine the mould’s prevalence at the Giza and Assiut Governorates. Then, the isolated toxigenic strain was used to obtain aflatoxin B1, which used to evaluate the dietary influence of curcumin and nano curcumin on growth performance, carcass traits, biochemical, aflatoxin residue, and pathological lesion of liver, spleen, and intestine in Cobb broiler chickens. 120 hatched chicks were divided into 4 group. The groups were control fed basal diet without additives, Afl group fed diet contaminated with aflatoxin, Afl + Cu group fed diet contaminated with aflatoxin and curcumin as a feed additive (7 g curcumin/kg diet), and Afl + Nano-Cu group feed diet contaminated with aflatoxin and nano curcumin as a feed additive (400 mg nano curcumin/kg diet).

Results
The results indicated that curcumin better than nano curcumin in ameliorating the deleterious effects of aflatoxin that appeared in improving the body weight gain, liver function, and pathological condition of liver, spleen, and intestine than nano curcumin fed group.

Conclusion
The current study offers an experimental scientific foundation for the use of curcumin as a medicinal medication or supplement in animal husbandry practices.
Recent advancements in nanomaterial-based biosensors for diagnosis of breast cancer: a comprehensive review
Authors: Yazdani Yalda , Jalali Fereshtehsadat , Tahmasbi Habib , Akbari Mitra , Talebi Neda , Shahrtash Seyed Abbas , Mobed Ahmad , Alem Mahsa , Ghazi Farhood , Dadashpour Mehdi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Researchers have found that mutations in the BRCA gene associated with breast cancer have a 40–50% chance of being associated with high risk for hereditary breast cancer (BC). Therefore, detecting BRCA1 is crucial for genetic analysis, early detection, and clinical treatment of BC. Traditional detection methods for BRCA1 include high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), single-strand conformation polymorphism assays (SSCP), PCR, real-time PCR, and DNA sequencing. However, these methods are limited by cost, analysis time, and complexity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an ultrasensitive, fast, low-cost, simple method for BRCA1 detection. In recent years, various BC biosensing strategies have been investigated, including optical, electrical, electrochemical, and mechanical biosensing. In particular, the high sensitivity and short detection times of electrochemical biosensors make them suitable for recognizing BC biomarkers. Additionally, the sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors can be increased by incorporating nanomaterials. In this regard, the main focus of the present study is the introduction of common methods for diagnosing the BRCA-1/2 genes. In addition to introducing biosensors as an efficient tool, it also discusses the latest and most significant biosensors developed for detecting the BRCA gene.