bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wireless power transfer with transmit diversity
Authors: Foo Yee-Loo 
Published: September 2021

Background: Wireless power transfer is important for energizing and recharging the Internet-of-Things (IoT) cordlessly. Harnessing energy effectively from radio waves has become a crucial task. It is known that diversities at the transmitting antenna and waves (i.e. simultaneous continuous waves with center frequencies separated apart) can enhance the radio frequency (RF) to direct current (DC) energy conversion. What remains unknown is the extent of which the wave diversity enhances the conversion gain. This study attempts to examine the RF-to-DC conversion gain of applying wave diversity. This paper investigates the effects of wave diversity on the energy conversion efficiency, and contributes the analytical expression that relate the conversion efficiency to the diversity count, i.e. the number of simultaneously transmitted sinewaves. Methods: We adopted a theoretical approach to the problem. First, we derived and presented a theoretical model that incorporated different forms of transmit diversity, i.e. antenna and wave diversities. This model then connected a RF-to-DC energy conversion model resulting from polynomial fitting on circuit simulation results. With the availability of these two models, we determined the theoretical energy conversion gain of simultaneously transmitting multiple sinewaves. Results: The results showed that transmitting multiple sinewaves simultaneously yields diversity gain and higher energy conversion efficiency. Most importantly, the gain and conversion efficiency can now be theoretically quantified. For example, at certain RF power measured at the receiver circuit, the diversity gain of transmitting four sinewaves is 2.6 (as compared to transmitting single sinewave). In fact, both the diversity gain and conversion efficiency increased with the number of simultaneously transmitted sinewaves. In another example, the conversion efficiency of transmitting four sinewaves is 0.1 as compared to 0.075 of two sinewaves. Conclusions: In summary, this paper presents a novel analytical expression for wave diversity in the context of wireless power transfer.
Targeting MICA/B with cytotoxic therapeutic antibodies leads to tumor control
Authors: Bléry Mathieu , Mrabet-Kraiem Manel , Morel Ariane , Lhospice Florence , Bregeon Delphine , Bonnafous Cécile , Gauthier Laurent , Rossi Benjamin , Remark Romain , Cornen Stéphanie , Anceriz Nadia , Viaud Nicolas , Trichard Sylvia , Carpentier Sabrina , Joulin-Giet Alix , Grondin Gwendoline , Liptakova Veronika , Kim Younghoon , Daniel Laurent , Haffner Aurélie , Macagno Nicolas , Pouyet Laurent , Perrot Ivan , Paturel Carine , Morel Yannis , Steinle Alexander , Romagné François , Narni-Mancinelli Emilie , Vivier Eric 
Published: September 2021

Background: MICA and MICB are tightly regulated stress-induced proteins that trigger the immune system by binding to the activating receptor NKG2D on cytotoxic lymphocytes. MICA and MICB are highly polymorphic molecules with prevalent expression on several types of solid tumors and limited expression in normal/healthy tissues, making them attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Methods: We have generated a series of anti-MICA and MICB cross-reactive antibodies with the unique feature of binding to the most prevalent isoforms of both these molecules. Results: The anti-MICA and MICB antibody MICAB1, a human IgG1 Fc-engineered monoclonal antibody (mAb), displayed potent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) of MICA/B-expressing tumor cells in vitro. However, it showed insufficient efficiency against solid tumors in vivo, which prompted the development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). Indeed, optimal tumor control was achieved with MICAB1-ADC format in several solid tumor models, including patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and carcinogen-induced tumors in immunocompetent MICAgen transgenic mice. Conclusions: These data indicate that MICA and MICB are promising targets for cytotoxic immunotherapy.
Comparative Evaluation of the Anti-Radiation Efficacy of Flagellin by Survival and Micronucleus Test
Authors: Lisina N. , Romanova K. , Sycheva L. , Rozhdestvenskiy L. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the domestic drug flagellin (development of the State Research Institute of High-Purity Biological Products, St. Petersburg) in an extended range of drug administration periods before and after irradiation, as well as evaluation of the possibility of using the micronucleus test as a biomarker of its effectiveness.
Material and methods: The work was performed on male ICR CD1 mice weighing 20–22g. The radioprotective effectiveness of flagellin was evaluated by the 30-day survival rate of experimental animals in comparison with control groups. The cytogenetic effect was evaluated by a micronucleus test in polychromatophilic erythrocytes (MJ-PCE) of mouse bone marrow. Irradiation was performed on the RUST M1 X-unit at a dose rate of 1.1 Gy/min in the dose range from 7 to 10 Gy for survival assessment and at a dose of 1 Gy for the micronucleus test. Flagellin was administered intraperitoneally at 0.2 mg/kg for 18 h and 30 min before irradiation, 10 and 30 min after irradiation. The animals of the control groups were injected with a solvent – phosphate-albumin buffer at the same time and in the same volume.
Results: The most effective was the use of flagellin for 30 min and 10 min in relation to radiation (survival at 8.5 Gy 92 % and 78 %, at 9 Gy 81 % and 55 %, respectively) with survival in the control 29 % and 0. In the most studied version of the introduction of flagellin 30 minutes before exposure, the FID values at the level of generally accepted estimates LD16, LD50, LD84, were 1.3; 1.2 and 1.2, respectively.
Conclusions: It is of interest to further expand the time range of the use of flagellin, especially after irradiation. The use of the method of estimating the proportion of polychromatophilic erythrocytes with micronuclei in the bone marrow allowed us to identify the optimal timing of drug administration much faster than in terms of survival (MJ-PCR test was performed 24 hours after irradiation). The MJ-PHE indicator can be considered as a potential biomarker of drug-induced increased radioresistance (this was previously shown in our studies for betaleukin, indralin, and riboxin).
Changes in the Cortex Neurons in Single and Fractional Gamma Radiation
Authors: Ushakov I. , Fyodorov Vladimir 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Comparative assessment of radiation-induced changes in neurons of the cerebral cortex after a single and fractionated exposure to ionizing radiation in doses of 0.1 – 1.0 Gy.
Material and methods. The study was carried out in compliance with the rules of bioethics on 180 white outbred male rats at the age of 4 months. by the beginning of the experiment, exposed to a single or fractionated exposure to γ-quanta of 60Co in total doses of 0.1; 0.2; 0.5 and 1.0 Gy. Neuromorphological and histochemical methods were used to assess morphometric and tinctorial parameters of nerve cells, as well as changes in the content of protein and nucleic acids in neurons in the early and late periods of the post-radiation period. Using one-way analysis of variance, a comparative assessment of neuromorphological indicators under various modes of radiation exposure is given.
Results: In the control and irradiated animals throughout their life, undulating changes in the indicators of the state of the neurons of the brain occur with a gradual decrease by the end of the experiment. Despite a number of features of the dynamics of neuromorphological parameters, these irradiation regimes do not cause functionally significant changes in the neurons of the cortex. However, in some periods of the post-radiation period, the changes under the studied irradiation regimes were multidirectional and did not always correspond to age control. Significant differences in the response of neurons to these modes of radiation exposure in the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex have not been established.
Conclusion: No functionally significant radiation-induced changes in neurons were found either with single or fractionated irradiation. At the same time, different modes of irradiation in general caused the same type of changes in neurons. However, in some periods of observation, changes in neuromorphological parameters under the studied irradiation regimes were not unidirectional and differed from age control, which indicates a possible risk of disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system against the background of other harmful and dangerous factors.
Comparison of the Therapeutic Potential of Rat and Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Conditioned Media in Local Radiation Lesions
Authors: Rastorgueva A. , Astrelina T. , Brunchukov V. , Usupzhanova D. , Kobzeva I. , Nikitina V. , Lischuk S. , Dubova E. , Pavlov K. , Brumberg V. , Samoylov A. 
Published: September 2021

Background: To compare the results of the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of human gingival mucosa and MSCs of rat
gingival mucosa, their conditioned media, and to evaluate their effect on tissue regeneration in local radiation injury (LRI).
Material and methods: The study included 120 white male Wistar rats weighing 210 ± 30 g at the age of 8–12 weeks, randomized into 6
groups (20 animals each): control (C), animals did not receive therapy; control with the introduction of culture medium concentrate (CM)
three times for 1, 14, 21 days; administration of human gingival mucosa MSCs (HM) at a dose of 2 million per 1 kg three times for 1, 14, 21
days; administration of human gingival mucosa MSCS conditioned medium concentrate (HMCM) at a calculated dose of 2 million cells per
1 kg three times for 1, 14, 21 days; administration of rat gingival mucosal MSCs (RM) at a dose of 2 million cells per 1 kg three times for 1,
14, 21 days; administration of rat gingival mucosal MSCS (RMCM) conditioned medium concentrate at a calculated dose of 2 million cells
per 1 kg three times for 1, 14, 21 days. Each laboratory animal was observed 17 times: on 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84, 91,
98, 105, 112 day after the burn simulation. Histological (hematoxylin-eosin staining) and immunohistochemical (CD31, CD68, VEGF, PGP
9.5, MMP2,9, Collag 1, TIMP 2) studies were performed. LRI was modeled on an X-ray machine at a dose of 110 Gy. MSCs were cultured
according to the standard method up to 3–5 passages, the conditioned medium was taken and concentrated 10 times. The immunophenotype
of MSCs (CD34, CD45, CD90, CD105, CD73, HLA-DR) and viability (7‑ADD) were determined by flow cytofluorimetry.
Results: In a comparative analysis with the control group (C), starting from the 42nd day of the study, a tendency to reduce the area of
skin ulcers in animals in all groups was observed, despite the fact that not all days had statistically significant differences. On day 112th, complete
healing of skin ulcers in the CM group was observed in 40 % of animals in the HM group – in 60 %, in the HMCM group – in 20 %
of animals, in the RMCM group–20 %, and in the C and RM groups there were no animals with a prolonged wound defect.
Positive expression of the VEGF marker was observed in groups C and CM on the 28th day and in experimental groups (HM, HMCM,
RM, RMCM) on the 112th day. A statistically significant increase in the CD68 marker was observed in groups C, RM, and RMCM, while
the remaining groups showed a decrease in the number of macrophages.
Analysis of the Experience of Participation in Interlaboratory Comparisons of the Radiation Control Laboratory in National Accreditation System
Authors: Poleshchuk A. , Dorokhova O. , Kukhta B. , Bogdanenko N. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Formation of the idea of laboratories accredited by Accreditation System of Russian Federation, in particular radiation control laboratories, about the possibility of confirming technical competence by means of participation in interlaboratory comparison tests at international level.
Content: Description of the experience of successful passing the international comparisons by radiation control laboratories under up-to-date requirements.
Conclusion: The experience described in the article can be used by accredited laboratories in practice for conformity validation with accreditation criteria.
Justification and Application of Sufficiency Criterion for Measuring the Activity of Uranium Radioisotopes in Biological Samples
Authors: Dashanova E. , Molokanov A. , Korneva E. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Ensuring the fulfillment of the sufficiency n criterion when measuring the activity of uranium radionuclides in biological samples carried out within the individual monitoring programme by calculation of the uncertainty and characteristics limits for measurements.
Material and methods: The sufficiency criterion definition is given, which determines the maximum value of the decision threshold for measurements carried out for the individual monitoring of workers at which the fact of non-exceeding of the annual dose limit or permissible level takes place, taking into account the uncertainty of the dose assessment. A model approach is used to calculate the sufficiency criterion and characteristics limits when measuring the radioactive material excrected by individual workers. The model approach consisted in the development of a calculation model based on the functional dependence of measured input values on the process of radiochemical preparation and subsequent spectrometric measurement of the sample.
Results: A model has been developed for calculating the activity of uranium radionuclides 234U, 235U and 238U in a biological sample based on the description of the procedure for spectrometric measurement, which consisted in the deposition by the electrolytic method on the target after chromatographic extraction of uranium from the urine sample. The reference radioactive solution of the 232U radionuclide added to the sample as a reference point for determining the efficiency of uranium radionuclide separation (chemical yield). Equations are obtained for calculating the values of the decision threshold and the detection limit for the total activity of the above alpha-emitting uranium radionuclides. Using these equations, the dependence of the decision threshold and the detection limit on measurement time is determined for the given input data. This allows planning the measurement time at which the activity of uranium radionuclides in the sample can be determined reliably or at which the sufficiency criterion of the measurement method will be provided (necessary in the case when the activity is not detected, that is, the measurement result is less than the decision threshold). The values of the activity of uranium radionuclides 234U, 235U and 238U and the corresponding characteristics limits for the measurement were calculated on the basis of a real example of spectrometric measurement of the activity of uranium radionuclides in a sample.
Conclusion: Ensuring the fulfillment of the sufficiency criterion when measuring the activity of uranium radionuclides in biological samples is achieved by the correct determination of the sample measurement time. This is determined by time dependence analysis of the characteristics limits (the decision threshold and the detection limit ) for the measurement of the total activity of the above alpha-emitting uranium radionuclides 234U, 235U and 238U.
Moving From Fragmented to Seamless Sense-Making in Blended Learning
Authors: Xiaofang Bi 
Published: September 2021

Context: Sense-making, understood as meaning making or giving meaning to experience, is an integral part of everyday life, work and learning, and is a process critical in enabling people to recognise how and when to respond to situations appropriately so that they can resolve problems effectively (Weick et al., 2005). Earlier studies on sense-making in educational or organizational settings (e.g. Harverly et al., 2020; Weick et al., 2005) tended to focus on the sense-making process per se in particular setting such as classrooms or organizations, few of them have paid much attention to the sense-making process in blended learning (BL). BL in vocational training mainly aims to enable adult learners to apply what was learnt in classrooms to solve authentic problems in workplaces or simulated settings. High quality of sense-making is crucial to help the learners achieve the aim. This timely study is to offer a comparative look at how different dynamics of BL interplay together to mediate the quality of sense-making in achieving learning outcomes. The dynamics include industry and training connections, policy and institutional contexts, the inhabited pedagogical practices and curriculum design. Methods: This study adopted phenomenological (Moran, 2000) and semi-ethnographic approaches (Hammersley, 2010), including semi-structured interviews, observations, analysis of relevant documents (e.g. curriculum and learning materials) to capture the rich data in case studies to understand learners’ sense-making experience in BL. Researchers focused on seeking to understand how different environments, tools and artefacts mediate the quality of sense-making as the learners progressed through their learning journey. To triangulate the data, adult educators, curriculum designers and where possible, workplace supervisors, were also interviewed and observed for their perceptions and behaviours in learners’ sense-making in BL. Findings: The findings from two different BL courses (ICT and HR) surface that the degree to which learners’ sense-making is fragmented (low quality) or seamless (high quality) is mediated by the interplay of different contextual factors in BL in multiple ways, such as, the connections (or not) with industry, the use (or not) of authentic problems and tasks. Conclusion: The interplay between different dynamics in BL is of great importance to mediate the curriculum design and pedagogical approaches used in BL for high quality of sense-making of adult learners in vocational training.
All-fiber saturable absorber based on nonlinear multimode interference with enhanced modulation depth
Authors: Wang Teng , Jung Yongmin , Horak Peter , Zeng Xianglong , Richardson David J. 
Published: September 2021

We experimentally demonstrate a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser using a small-core fiber–graded index multimode fiber–single-mode fiber (SCF–GIMMF–SMF) structure as an effective saturable absorber based on the nonlinear multimode interference (NL–MMI) effect. A small-core fiber is used as an input single-mode fiber to improve the coupling of power into higher-order modes in a multimode fiber and to enhance the modulation depth of the structure. Stable fundamental mode-locked operation is obtained at a pump threshold of 166 mW and the output soliton pulses have a 647 fs duration at 1557.96 nm with a 5.2 nm spectral width at a repetition rate of 19.37 MHz. This NL–MMI SA can be applied to high-power mode-locked fiber lasers owing to its inherent high damage threshold, compact size, wavelength independent operation, and fabrication simplicity.
High-performance perovskite photodetectors based on CsPbBr3 microwire arrays
Authors: Ren Li , Gao Kunpeng , Tan Qiuhong , Qing Chen , Wang Qianjin , Yang Peizhi , Liu Yingkai 
Published: September 2021

All inorganic perovskite materials have drawn extensive attention, owing to their outstanding performance, facile solution-processed method, and potential applications in optoelectronic devices. However, uncontrollable morphology, high defect density, and instability of perovskites prepared via solution-processed method are the main challenges for their large-scale production and commercialization. Herein, we prepared large-scale

C
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3

microwire arrays with highly ordered morphology and high crystalline quality by a template-assisted method. The photodetectors based on

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microwire arrays exhibited remarkable on/off photocurrent ratio of

9.02

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1

0

3

, high detectivity of

1.59

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1

0

13

Jones, high responsivity of 4.55 A/W, and fast response speed of 4.9/3 ms. More importantly, the photocurrent of the photodetectors hardly changed in air after being stored for two months, indicating remarkable stability. This study demonstrates that

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microwire arrays provide the possibility for preparing large-scale and high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Prenatal care providers’ perceptions of the SARS-Cov-2 vaccine for themselves and for pregnant women
Authors: Deruelle Philippe , Couffignal Camile , Sibiude Jeanne , Vivanti Alexandre J. , Anselem Olivia , Luton Dominique , Benachi Alexandra , Mandelbrot Laurent , Vauloup-Fellous Christelle , Cordier Anne Gael , Picone Olivier 
Published: September 2021

Background
Prenatal care providers will play an important role in the acceptance of SARS-Cov-2 vaccination for pregnant women.

Objective
To determine the perceptions of French prenatal care providers: midwives, general practitioners (GPs) and obstetricians and gynaecologists (Ob-Gyn) regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy.

Study design
An anonymous online survey was sent to members of French professional societies representing prenatal practitioners. The participants were asked to answer questions on their characteristics and give their opinions of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for themselves and women who are pregnant or willing to become pregnant.

Results
Access to the survey was opened from January 11th, 2021, to March 1st, 2021. A total of 1,416 responses were collected from 749 Ob-Gyn, 598 midwives and 69 GPs. Most respondents (86.7% overall, 90.4% for Ob-GYN, 81.1% for GPs and 80.1% for midwives) agreed to receive the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 would be offered to pregnant women by 49.4% 95%CI [48.1–50.8] of the participants. Midwives were less likely to recommend vaccination than GP and Ob-Gyn (37.5%, 50.7% and 58.8%, respectively). The multinomial logistic regression revealed that being an obstetrician, working in a group, usually offering a flu vaccine and wanting to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 were positively associated with considering pregnant women for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Conclusion
Most French prenatal healthcare providers are favourable towards vaccinating pregnant women, but a large minority express reservation. More evidence on safety and involvement by professional organisations will be important to encourage the access of pregnant women to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.