bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Radial Echoendoscopy and Predictive Factors in the Evaluation of Patients with Suspected Choledocholithiasis
Authors: Kamalaporn Patarapong , Chirnaksorn Supphamat , Rattanasiri Sasivimol , Kitiyakara Taya 
Published: June 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare predictive factors and Radial Echoendoscopy (EUS) in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis.Materials and Methods: Patients with suspected choledocholithiasis were recruited from April 2011 to January 2018. All patient characteristics, findings of EUS and findings of ERCP were recorded and analyzed.Results: Eighty patients were enrolled in this study. Clinical symptoms, blood chemistry and liver function test were similar in patients with and without choledocholithiasis. Using the findings of ERCP as the gold standard, Radial EUS had sensitivity and specificity for the detection of choledocholithiasis at 90.2% and 97.4%, and for choledocholithiasis and/or common bile duct sludge at 92.7% and 100%, respectively. For patients with intermediate likelihood and high likelihood from predictive factors (33 and 45), Radial EUS was positive for choledocholithiasis in 51.5% (17/33) and 46.7% (21/45), and ERCP was positive for choledocholithiasis in 54.5% (18/33) and 48.9% (22/45), respectively.Conclusion: Predictive factors, for both intermediate and high likelihood groups, were not accurate to diagnose these patients. Radial EUS is a good diagnostic tool and should done in both groups of patients to avoid unnecessary ERCP.
Indicadores sociodemográficos na pandemia da covid-19 por meio da distribuição espacial no Brasil: Revisão integrativa
Authors: Barbalho Erika de Vasconcelos , Gomes Manoelise Linhares Ferreira , Pereira Tânia Conceição Camargo , Pedrosa Erica Carine Rodrigues , Linard Cybelle Façanha Barreto Medeiros , Pinto Francisco José Maia 
Published: June 2021

Analisar a distribuição espacial dos indicadores sociodemográficos com a pandemia da Covid-19, por meio de uma revisão integrativa. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, nas bibliotecas eletrônicas Pubmed, Web of Science, Medline e Lilacs, em novembro e dezembro de 2020, utilizando descritores indexados no DECS/MeSH. Constituiu a questão norteadora do estudo: “Como os indicadores sociais brasileiros evoluíram mediante a pandemia da Covid-19?”. Foram inclusos estudos originais, publicados em 2020, disponíveis na íntegra, nos idiomas português e inglês. Os resultados foram apresentados em um quadro sinóptico com as principais informações de cada estudo. As fontes de publicação englobaram periódicos distintos. Identificou-se 12 estudos ecológicos e dois exploratórios-quantitativos. Quanto ao local de realização, cinco pesquisaram dados de todos os estados brasileiros, sete dos estados do Nordeste e três do Sudeste. O comportamento geográfico dos indicadores com a pandemia no Brasil, relacionaram-se com o padrão de disseminação da doença, a mobilidade urbana e a densidade populacional. Através da análise espacial, observou-se que os estados apresentaram vulnerabilidades e comportamento heterogêneo dos indicadores sociodemográficos, que contribuiu para elevada transmissibilidade do vírus, agravamento dos casos e dificuldade para adotar as medidas de isolamento social.
Estado nutricional de adultos entre 20 e 59 anos segundo os indicadores do sistema de vigilância alimentar e nutricional (Sisvan) na atenção básica
Authors: Santos Rhayana Marques dos , Oliveira Fabiana Santos da Silva , Costa Luana Yasmin Araujo , Moraes Vania Maria Silva de , Bezerra Gleyce Kelly de Araújo , Barbosa Maria Suzane da Silva , Barbosa Silvia Mariana da Silva , Lavra Flavia Maria Barros , Cunha Fabio Torres , Oliveira Danielle Cassia de 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Identificar o estado nutricional de adultos entre 20 a 59 anos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Realizado a partir de relatórios públicos online disponíveis no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN). Onde foram extraídos os dados nutricionais dos adultos de 20 a 59 anos, atendidos na Atenção Primária à Saúde, nas cinco regiões do Brasil, no período de 2015 a 2019. Resultados: O estudo apresentou que o Nordeste se destaca com o maior percentual de Baixo Peso, a região Norte com maior percentual de Peso Adequado e Sobrepeso, e a Região Sul apresentou maior índice de Obesidade ao longo desses cinco anos. Considerações finais: A partir disso, espera-se que a tabulação, o acompanhamento e a intervenção nutricional dos adultos atendidos na Atenção Primária a Saúde seja contínuo para que se tenha o aumento da expectativa de vida, resultando em um envelhecimento saudável da população brasileira.
Viabilidade jurídica acerca da ampliação da licença maternidade
Authors: Carmizini Gilmara Dias Galvão , Fink Raquel Lauriano Rodrigues 
Published: June 2021

A licença maternidade é um direito da mãe, dessa forma o Estado deve garanti-lo. Não obstante a existência de leis que desempenham a proteção à amamentação ocupando papel fundamental, o cenário jurídico atual leva à uma reflexão referente ao período de licença, mormente diante da previsão legal de afastamento de 120 dias, havendo uma discrepância com a necessidade da criança em relação à amamentação, de mínimo de 6 meses de amamentação exclusiva, como defendem a Organização Mundial da Saúde e o Ministério da Saúde. O trabalho visou analisar a viabilidade da expansão da licença maternidade propondo sua ampliação para, no mínimo, 180 dias, em contraposição ao previsto na legislação brasileira. Abordou a legislação interna, a exemplo da Lei nº 11.770/08 que criou o Programa Empresa Cidadã, a qual faculta às empresas sua adesão para ampliação da licença para 180 dias como forma de incentivo fiscal, o que, no entanto, implica em tratamento desigual entre as trabalhadoras. Comparando as legislações nacionais e internacionais vigentes acerca da licença maternidade pode-se perceber que há outros países que preveem maiores benefícios às mães com períodos maiores de licença maternidade. Para elaboração do presente estudo foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica em textos legais, doutrina e artigos científicos. Como conclusão, respeitando os princípios constitucionais, voltados aos direitos e garantias individuais do ser humano, verifica-se viável e necessária a ampliação do período da licença maternidade, visando a proteção de direitos fundamentais e melhores condições de vida pessoal e profissional da mãe e, por consequência, de seu filho.
Conduta clínica para tratamento de dentes supranumerários: Relato de caso clínico
Authors: Araújo Brunna Mendes , Morato Rafaela Ramirez , Costa Marcelo Dias Moreira de Assis , Dietrich Lia , Martins Victor da Mota , França Mayra Maria Coury 
Published: June 2021

Os dentes supranumerários (DS) são alterações no desenvolvimento dentário classificadas como uma anomalia de número, a mais comumente relatada nas clínicas odontológicas. O presente artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão em literaturas e relatar através de um caso clínico, as etapas do procedimento cirúrgico, informações relevantes sobre o diagnóstico e tratamento de dentes supranumerários. O paciente E.D.L., do sexo masculino, 20 anos de idade, compareceu à Policlínica da Faculdade de Patos de Minas - MG, com a queixa principal de incômodo nos dentes supranumerários, que totalizavam dez elementos. O trabalho foi submetido ao Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa (CEP) com seres humanos da Faculdade Patos de Minas (FPM), sob o número de parecer 4.473.826. Foi realizada toda anamnese, seguida de protocolo fotográfico, assepsia e antissepsia e anestesia localizada. Foi realizada uma incisão sulcular com descolamento do periósteo, seguida de luxação com alavancas reta e curva e auxílio de fórceps para remoção dos dentes em oclusão, curetagem do alvéolo com cureta de Lucas e irrigação com soro fisiológico estéril. Foi necessária a odontosecção com broca Zecria nos dentes inclusos. O retalho foi posicionado e suturado com fio de sutura tipo nylon. Foram aguardados 10 dias para a remoção da sutura. Após o diagnóstico conclusivo e a determinação cirúrgica, o paciente relatado recebeu tratamento indicado para o seu caso com sucesso, removendo seus dentes supranumerários e garantindo a sua saúde bucal; demonstrando a pertinência do diagnóstico rápido, completo e da individualização da propedêutica nesses casos, a fim de evitar complicações futuras e melhorar a autoestima e a sociabilização do paciente.
Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Pathogenic Diagnosis and Antibiotic Management of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Adults
Authors: Sun Ting , Wu Xiaojing , Cai Ying , Zhai Tianshu , Huang Linna , Zhang Yi , Zhan Qingyuan 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundMetagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a promising technique for pathogens diagnosis. However, application of mNGS in immunocompromised adults with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is relatively limited.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 23 immunocompromised and 21 immunocompetent SCAP patients with mNGS detection from April 2019 to December 2019. The performances of pathogenic diagnosis and subsequently antibiotic adjustment in immunocompromised SCAP patients were compared to immunocompetent SCAP patients. The defined by days of therapy (DOT) method was used for estimate daily antibiotic use.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the diagnostic positivity rate between mNGS and conventional test in both groups (P&lt;0.001). Compared to immunocompetent patients, more mixed pathogens in immunocompromised patients were found (P=0.023). Before the availability of mNGS, the DOTs in immunocompromise patients were higher than immunocompetent patients (3.0 [3.0, 4.0] vs. 3.0 [2.0, 3.0], P=0.013). Compared to immunocompetent patients, immunocompromised patients had fewer full pathogen covered empirical antibiotic therapy (14.7% vs. 57.1%, P=0.022), more adjustments of antibiotic treatment (87.0%) vs. 57.1%, P=0.027). More than a half (13 of 23) SCAP patients in immunosuppressed group had reduced or downgraded antibiotic adjustments based on the results.ConclusionsmNGS may be a useful technique for detecting mixed pathogens and personalized antibiotic treatment in immunocompromised SCAP patients.
Geometric and Dynamic Patterns of the Golmud Segment in the Southern Marginal Fault of the Qaidam Basin
Authors: Luo Hao , Wang Ji , Gou Yasen , Yu Hongmei , Shu Peng , Gao Zhanwu 
Published: June 2021

The southern marginal fault of the Qaidam Basin (SMQBF) is a block-bounding border fault that has played a key role in the structural evolution of the Kunlun Fault. However, its geometric and dynamic deformation patterns since the Late Pleistocene have not been clearly observed. Field investigations, combined with high-resolution imagery and shallow seismic profiles, show that the SMQBF is a thrust fault with a sinistral strike-slip component composed of several secondary faults. Its Late Quaternary deformation pattern is characterized by piggyback thrust propagation, and the frontal fault may not be exposed to the surface. Due to the flexural slip of the hanging strata of the secondary fault, sub-parallel faults with widths of thousands of meters have formed on high terraces; these are important when assessing the seismic hazard of this area. Based on high-resolution topographic data obtained using an unmanned erial vehicle and optically stimulated luminescence chronology, the slip rates of several secondary faults were obtained. The vertical and strike-slip rates of the SMQBF were determined to be 0.96 ± 0.33 mm/a and 2.66 ± 0.50 mm/a, respectively, which may be the minimum rates for the fault. Considering that the SMQBF is composed of several secondary faults, these rates possibly correspond to minimum deformation only. The evident sinistral strike-slip of the SMQBF indicates that although the sinistral slip of the Kunlun Fault system is concentrated in main fault of this system, the branch faults have a significant influence on the lateral extrusion of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Cell Therapy With TILs: Training and Taming T Cells to Fight Cancer
Authors: Kumar Amrendra , Watkins Reese , Vilgelm Anna E. 
Published: June 2021

The rationale behind cancer immunotherapy is based on the unequivocal demonstration that the immune system plays an important role in limiting cancer initiation and progression. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is a form of cancer immunotherapy that utilizes a patient’s own immune cells to find and eliminate tumor cells, however, donor immune cells can also be employed in some cases. Here, we focus on T lymphocyte (T cell)-based cancer immunotherapies that have gained significant attention after initial discoveries that graft-versus-tumor responses were mediated by T cells. Accumulating knowledge of T cell development and function coupled with advancements in genetics and data science has enabled the use of a patient’s own (autologous) T cells for ACT (TIL ACTs). In TIL ACT, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are collected from resected tumor material, enhanced and expandedex-vivo, and delivered back to the patient as therapeutic agents. ACT with TILs has been shown to cause objective tumor regression in several types of cancers including melanoma, cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma. In this review, we provide a brief history of TIL ACT and discuss the current state of TIL ACT clinical development in solid tumors. We also discuss the niche of TIL ACT in the current cancer therapy landscape and potential strategies for patient selection.
The Use of Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes as Drug-Conjugate Systems in the Treatment of Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors
Authors: Cooper Elizabeth , Choi Peter J. , Denny William A. , Jose Jiney , Dragunow Mike , Park Thomas I.-H. 
Published: June 2021

Effective cancer therapeutics for brain tumors must be able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the tumor in adequate quantities and overcome the resistance conferred by the local tumor microenvironment. Clinically approved chemotherapeutic agents have been investigated for brain neoplasms, but despite their effectiveness in peripheral cancers, failed to show therapeutic success in brain tumors. This is largely due to their poor bioavailability and specificity towards brain tumors. A targeted delivery system might improve the efficacy of the candidate compounds by increasing the retention time in the tumor tissue, and minimizing the numerous side effects associated with the non-specific distribution of the chemotherapy agent. Heptamethine cyanine dyes (HMCDs) are a class of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) compounds that have recently emerged as promising agents for drug delivery. Initially explored for their use in imaging and monitoring neoplasms, their tumor-targeting properties have recently been investigated for their use as drug carrier systems. This review will explore the recent developments in the tumour-targeting properties of a specific group of NIRF cyanine dyes and the preclinical evidence for their potential as drug-delivery systems in the treatment of primary and metastatic brain tumors.
Tumor Genotyping and Homologous Recombination Repair Gene Variants in Patients With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Is Pathogenic Enough?
Authors: Fountzilas Elena , Kotoula Vassiliki , Koliou Georgia-Angeliki , Liontos Michalis , Papadopoulou Kyriaki , Giannoulatou Eleni , Papanikolaou Alexios , Tikas Ioannis , Chrisafi Sofia , Mauri Davide , Chatzopoulos Kyriakos , Fostira Florentia , Pectasides Dimitrios , Oikonomopoulos Georgios , Aivazi Dimitra , Andrikopoulou Angeliki , Visvikis Anastasios , Aravantinos Gerasimos , Zagouri Flora , Fountzilas George 
Published: June 2021

Our hypothesis was that the predictive accuracy of pathogenic variants in genes participating in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) system in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) could be improved by considering additional next-generation sequencing (NGS) metrics. NGS genotyping was performed in tumor tissue, retrospectively and prospectively collected from patients with EOC, diagnosed from 8/1998 to 10/2016. Variants were considered clonal when variant allele frequencies corresponded to &gt;25%. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). This study included 501 patients with EOC, predominantly with high-grade serous (75.2%) and advanced stage tumors (81.7%); median age was 58 years (22-84). Pathogenic and clonal pathogenic variants in HRR and/or TP53 genes were identified in 72.8% and 66.5% tumors, respectively. With a median follow-up of 123.9 months, the presence of either pathogenic or clonal pathogenic HRR-only variants was associated with longer OS compared to HRR/TP53 co-mutation (HR=0.54; 95% CI, 0.34-0.87, Wald’s p=0.012 and HR=0.45; 95% CI, 0.27-0.78, Wald’s p=0.004, respectively). However, only the presence of clonal HRR-only variants was independently associated with improved OS (HR=0.55; 95% CI, 0.32-0.94, p=0.030). Variant clonality and co-occuring TP53 variants affect the predictive value of HRR pathogenic variants for platinum agents in patients with EOC.Clinical Trial Registration[ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT04716374].
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Ethiopian Medicinal Plants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nigussie Dereje , Davey Gail , Tufa Takele Beyene , Brewster Malcolm , Legesse Belete Adefris , Fekadu Abebaw , Makonnen Eyasu 
Published: June 2021

Background:Podoconiosis and lymphatic filariasis are the most common causes of lower limb lymphoedema in the tropics. Many sufferers experience frequent painful episodes of acute bacterial infection. Plant based traditional medicines are used to treat infections in many countries and are culturally established in Ethiopia. Ethiopian medicinal plants found to have antibacterial and antifungal activities were reviewed with the aim of increasing information about the treatment of wound infections in patients with lymphoedema.Methods:This study collates data from published articles on medicinal plants with antibacterial and antifungal activities in Ethiopia. A systematic search of Scopus, EMBASE, PUBMED/MEDLINE and Google Scholar was undertaken. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO with registration number CRD42019127471. All controlled studies ofin vitroantibacterial and antifungal activities were considered. All articles containing the descriptors published until June 28, 2019 were included. The outcome was measured as percent inhibition of microbial growth. For quality assessment of individualin vitrostudies, OECD guidelines and the WHO-Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) handbook were used.Results:Seventy-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 150 plant species and three compounds had been tested against 42 species of bacteria, while 43 plant species had been tested against 22 species of fungus.Conclusion:Materials derived from several Ethiopian medicinal plants have been shown to have promising activity against a variety of bacteria and fungi. Those derived fromAzadiractha indicaA. Juss. andLawsonia inermsL.are the most extensively studied against a wide range of gram-negative and positive bacteria, and fungal species.
Disruption of Neural Activity and Functional Connectivity in Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder Who Engage in Non-suicidal Self-Injury: A Resting-State fMRI Study
Authors: Huang Qian , Xiao Muni , Ai Ming , Chen Jianmei , Wang Wo , Hu Lan , Cao Jun , Wang Mengyao , Kuang Li 
Published: June 2021

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), which commonly occurs during adolescence, often co-occurs with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms in adolescents with MDD who engage in NSSI remain unclear. The current study examined the aberrant local neural activity in certain areas of the visual regions and the default mode network (DMN) and the resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in changed brain regions in adolescents with MDD who engage in NSSI and adolescents with MDD only.Methods: A total of 67 adolescents with MDD were divided into two groups based on their NSSI behavior: the NSSI group (n = 31) and an age-, gender-, and education-matched MDD group (n = 36). The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) was used to assess the severity of MDD. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) analysis was used to detect alterations in local neural activity. Brain regions with aberrant neural activity were considered regions of interest (ROI). ALFF-based rs-FC analysis was used to further explore the underlying changes in connectivity between ROI and other areas in the NSSI group. Correlation analyses were performed to examine the relationship between neural changes and clinical characteristics.Results: There was no significant difference in HAMD scores between the two groups. ALFF analysis revealed that, compared to adolescents with MDD only, adolescents with MDD who engaged in NSSI displayed significantly enhanced neural activity in the right fusiform gyrus (FFG. R) and the right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG. R). Significantly reduced rs-FC of the FFG. R-bilateral medial orbital of the superior frontal gyrus (ORBsupmed. L/R)/bilateral medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed. L/R), FFG. R-bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG. L/R), DCG. R-left pallidum (PAL. L), DCG. R-right superior temporal gyrus (STG. R), and DCG. R-right postcentral gyrus (PoCG. R)/right inferior parietal lobule (IPL. R) was found in adolescents with MDD who were engaged in NSSI. Additionally, no significant correlations were observed between ALFF or rs-FC values and the HAMD scores between the two groups.Limitations: Owing to the cross-sectional design, the alterations in ALFF and rs-FC values in the FFG. R and DCG. R could not demonstrate that it was a state or feature in adolescents with MDD who engaged in NSSI. Additionally, the sample size was relatively small.Conclusions: This study highlights changes in regional brain activity and remote connectivity in the FFG. R and DCG. R in adolescents with MDD who engage in NSSI. This could provide a new perspective for further studies on the neurobiological mechanism of NSSI behavior in adolescents with MDD.