bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accumulation of 22 kDa α‐zein‐mediated nonzein protein in protein body of maize endosperm
Authors: Feng Yang , Ma Yafei , Feng Fan , Chen Xinze , Qi Weiwei , Ma Zeyang , Song Rentao 
Published: October 2021

Summary

Protein bodies (PBs), the major protein storage organelle in maize (Zea mays) endosperm, comprise zeins and numerous nonzein proteins (NZPs). Unlike zeins, how NZPs accumulate in PBs remains unclear.

We characterized a maize miniature kernel mutant, mn*, that produces small kernels and is embryo‐lethal. After cloning the Mn* locus, we determined that it encodes the mitochondrial 50S ribosomal protein L10 (mRPL10). MN* localized to mitochondria and PBs as an NZP; therefore, we renamed MN* Non‐zein Protein 1 (NZP1). Like other mutations affecting mitochondrial proteins, mn* impaired mitochondrial function and morphology.

To investigate its accumulation mechanism to PBs, we performed protein interaction assays between major zein proteins and NZP1, and found that NZP1 interacts with 22 kDa α‐zein. Levels of NZP1 and 22 kDa α‐zein in various opaque mutants were correlated. Furthermore, NZP1 accumulation in induced PBs depended on its interaction with 22 kDa α‐zein. Comparative proteomic analysis of PBs between wild‐type and opaque2 revealed additional NZPs. A new NZP with plastidial localization was also found to accumulate in induced PBs via interaction with 22 kDa α‐zein.

This study thus reveals a mechanism for accumulation of NZPs in PBs and suggests a potential application for the accumulation of foreign proteins in maize PBs.
A rare and unusual laryngeal complication following lingual nerve block: A case report and literature review
Authors: Dais Panayotis , Nikolaidou Aikaterini , Axioti Anna‐Maria , Alexopoulou Maria 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLocal anaesthesia (LA) is the standard of care in adequate pain control during routine dental practice as well as minor oral surgery procedures. Thus, LA offers pain control and comfort to the patient, enabling the clinician to perform the scheduled procedure with confidence and patient safety. The present case report describes the rare complication of vocal cord paralysis following a lingual nerve block.
“Success” in policy piloting: Process, programs, and politics
Authors: Checkland Kath , Hammond Jonathan , Coleman Anna , Macinnes Julie , Mikelyte Rasa , Croke Sarah , Billings Jenny , Bailey Simon , Allen Pauline 
Published: October 2021

AbstractResearch has demonstrated that pilots contain multiple shifting purposes, not all of which relate to simple policy testing or refinement. Judging the success of policy pilots is therefore complex, requiring more than a simple judgment against declared goals. Marsh and McConnell provide a framework against which policy success can be judged, distinguishing program success from process and political success. We adapt Boven's modification of this framework and apply it to policy pilots, arguing that pilot process, outcomes and longer‐term effects can all be judged in both program and political terms. We test this new framework in a pilot program in the English National Health Service, the Vanguard program, showing how consideration of these different aspects of success sheds light on the program and its aftermath. We consider the implications of the framework for the comprehensive and multifaceted evaluation of policy pilots.
Non‐uniform excitation of the pectoralis major muscle during flat and inclined bench press exercises
Authors: Cabral Hélio V. , de Souza Leonardo M. L. , de Oliveira Liliam F. , Vieira Taian M. 
Published: October 2021

Non‐physiological sources may lead to equivocal interpretation on the degree of muscle excitation from electromyograms (EMGs) amplitude. This presumably explains the contradictory findings regarding the effect of the bench press inclination on the pectoralis major (PM) activation pattern. To contend with these issues, herein we used high‐density surface EMG to investigate whether different PM regions are excited during the flat and 45° inclined bench press exercises. Single‐differential EMGs were collected from 15 regions along the PM cranio‐caudal axis, while 8 volunteers performed a set of the flat and 45° inclined bench press at 50% and 70% of 1 repetition maximum. The coefficient of variation, the range of motion, and the cycle duration were calculated from the barbell vertical position to assess the within‐subject consistency across cycles. The number of channels detecting the largest EMGs amplitude (active channels), their interquartile range, and their barycentre coordinate were assessed to characterize the EMG amplitude distribution within PM. No significant differences in the range of motion (p > 0.11), cycle duration (p > 0.28), number of active channels (p > 0.05), and interquartile range of active channels (p > 0.39) were observed between the two bench press inclinations. Conversely, the barycentre shifted toward the PM clavicular region (p < 0.001) when the bench press changed from flat to 45°. Our results revealed that greatest EMG amplitudes were concentrated at the PM sternocostal and clavicular heads when exercising in the flat and 45° inclined bench press, respectively. Performing the bench press exercise, with different postures, seem to demand the excitation of different PM regions.
Cardiac abnormalities in athletes after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review
Authors: van Hattum Juliette C , Spies Jessica L , Verwijs Sjoerd M , Verwoert Germaine C , Planken R Nils , Boekholdt S Matthijs , Groenink Maarten , Malekzadeh Arjan , Pinto Yigal M , Wilde Arthur A M , Jorstad Harald T 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesQuantification of pericardial/myocardial involvement and risks of sudden cardiac arrest/sudden cardiac death (SCA/SCD) after SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes who return to sports.DesignSystematic review on post-SARS-CoV-2 infection pericardial/myocardial manifestations in athletes.Data sourcesCombinations of key terms in Medline, Embase and Scopus (through 2 June 2021).Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesInclusion: athletes, with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) or echocardiography after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection, including arrhythmia outcomes. Exclusion: study population ≥1 individual comorbidity and mean age <18 or >64 years. Quality assessment was performed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools checklists.ResultsIn total, 12 manuscripts (1650 papers reviewed) comprising 3131 athletes (2198 college/student athletes, 879 professional athletes and 54 elite athletes) were included. The prevalence of myocarditis on echocardiography and/or CMR was 0%–15%, pericardial effusion 0%–58% and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) 0%–46%. Weighted means of diagnosed myocarditis were 2.1% in college/student athletes and 0% in elite athletes. The prevalence of LGE was markedly lower in studies with high-quality assessment scores (3%–4%) versus low scores (38%–42%). A single study reported reversibility of myocardial involvement in 40.7%. No important arrhythmias were reported. Ten studies (n=4171) reporting postrecovery troponin T/I found no clear relationship with cardiac abnormalities.Summary/conclusionAthletes have an overall low risk of SARS-CoV-2 pericardial/myocardial involvement, arrhythmias and SCA/SCD. Rates of pericardial/myocardial abnormalities in athletes are highly variable and dependent on study quality. Troponin screenings seem unreliable to identify athletes at risk for myocardial involvement. Prospective athlete studies, with pre-SARS-CoV-2 imaging (CMR), including structured follow-up and arrhythmia monitoring, are urgently needed.
Influenza vaccine and risk of acute myocardial infarction in a population-based case–control study
Authors: de Abajo Francisco José , Rodríguez-Martín Sara , Barreira Diana , Rodríguez-Miguel Antonio , Fernández-Antón Encarnación , Gil Miguel , García-Lledó Alberto 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between influenza vaccination and risk of a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the general population by different epidemic periods.MethodsThis is a population-based case–control study carried out in BIFAP (Base de datos para la investigación farmacoepidemiológica en atención primaria), over 2001–2015, in patients aged 40–99 years. Per each incident AMI case, five controls were randomly selected, individually matched for exact age, sex and index date (AMI diagnosis). A patient was considered vaccinated when he/she had a recorded influenza vaccination at least 14 days before the index date within the same season. The association between influenza vaccination and AMI risk was assessed through a conditional logistic regression, computing adjusted ORs (AOR) and their respective 95% CIs. The analysis was performed overall and by each of the three time epidemic periods per study year (pre-epidemic, epidemic and postepidemic).ResultsWe identified 24 155 AMI cases and 120 775 matched controls. Of them, 31.4% and 31.2%, respectively, were vaccinated, yielding an AOR of 0.85 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.88). No effect modification by sex, age and background cardiovascular risk was observed. The reduced risk of AMI was observed shortly after vaccination and persisted over time. Similar results were obtained during the pre-epidemic (AOR=0.87; 95% CI 0.79 to 0.95), epidemic (AOR=0.89; 95% CI 0.82 to 0.96) and postepidemic (AOR=0.83; 95% CI 0.79 to 0.87) periods. No association was found with pneumococcal vaccine (AOR=1.10; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.15).ConclusionsResults are compatible with a moderate protective effect of influenza vaccine on AMI in the general population, mostly in primary prevention, although bias due to unmeasured confounders may partly account for the results.
Single-cell sequencing reveals antitumor characteristics of intratumoral immune cells in old mice
Authors: Zhang Cangang , Lei Lei , Yang Xiaofeng , Ma Kaili , Zheng Huiqiang , Su Yanhong , Jiao Anjun , Wang Xin , Liu Haiyan , Zou Yujing , Shi Lin , Zhou Xiaobo , Sun Chenming , Hou Yuzhu , Xiao Zhengtao , Zhang Lianjun , Zhang Baojun 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundAging has long been thought to be a major risk factor for various types of cancers. However, accumulating evidence indicates increased resistance of old animals to tumor growth. An in-depth understanding of how old individuals defend against tumor invasion requires further investigations.MethodsWe revealed age-associated alterations in tumor-infiltrating immune cells between young and old mice using single-cell RNA and coupled T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing analysis. Multiple bioinformatics methods were adopted to analyze the characteristics of the transcriptome between two groups. To explore the impacts of young and old CD8+ T cells on tumor growth, mice were treated with anti-CD8 antibody every 3 days starting 7 days after tumor inoculation. Flow cytometry was used to validate the differences indicated by sequencing analysis between young and old mice.ResultsWe found a higher proportion of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, naturally occurring Tregs, conventional dendritic cell (DC), and M1-like macrophages in tumors of old mice compared with a higher percentage of exhausted CD8+ T cells, induced Tregs, plasmacytoid DC, and M2-like macrophages in young mice. Importantly, TCR diversity analysis showed that top 10 TCR clones consisted primarily of exhausted CD8+ T cells in young mice whereas top clones were predominantly cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in old mice. Old mice had more CD8+ T cells with a ‘progenitor’ and less ‘terminally’ exhausted phenotypes than young mice. Consistently, trajectory inference demonstrated that CD8+ T cells preferentially differentiated into cytotoxic cells in old mice in contrast to exhausted cells in young mice. Importantly, elimination of CD8+ T cells in old mice during tumor growth significantly accelerated tumor development. Moreover, senescent features were demonstrated in exhausted but not cytotoxic CD8+ T cells regardless of young and old mice.ConclusionsOur data revealed that a significantly higher proportion of effector immune cells in old mice defends against tumor progression, providing insights into understanding the altered kinetics of cancer development and the differential response to immunotherapeutic modulation in elderly patients.
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement using the iSleeve expandable sheath in small femoral arteries
Authors: Glaser Natalie , O'Sullivan Crochan J. , Saleh Nawzad , Verouhis Dinos , Settergren Magnus , Linder Rickard , Rück Andreas 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundSmall femoral arteries have been associated with a higher risk of vascular complications in transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We investigated the feasibility and safety of TAVR in patients with small femoral arteries.MethodsIn this observational study, we included 82 patients who underwent transfemoral TAVR with the ACURATE neo system using the expandable 14F iSleeve sheath between 2018 and 2019 at Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. Of these, 41 patients had a minimal femoral artery diameter of ≥5.5 mm (mean 6.5, range 5.5–9.2), and 41 patients had a minimal femoral artery diameter <5.5 mm (mean 4.9, range 3.9–5.4).ResultsThere was no significant difference in major vascular and bleeding complications between the small femoral artery group (7%) and the normal femoral artery group (2%) (p=0.62). The total of major and minor vascular complications did not differ significantly according to femoral artery size (17% vs 5%) (p=0.16). The iSleeve sheath was not correlated with any of the complications. The use of the iSleeve sheath was unsuccessful in four patients (5%), of which one patient had a small femoral artery diameter.ConclusionTransfemoral TAVR with the ACURATE neo system using the iSleeve sheath is a promising method for patients with small femoral arteries even though we found a trend towards higher rates of complications in these patients. The use of expandable sheaths may expand the spectrum of patients that can be treated with transfemoral TAVR, and thus may improve the prognosis in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis.
Nationwide prevalence and characteristics of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy in Sweden
Authors: Lauppe Rosa Elisabeth , Liseth Hansen Johan , Gerdesköld Christian , Rozenbaum Mark H , Strand Anne Mette , Vakevainen Merja , Kuusisto Johanna , Gude Einar , Gustafsson Finn , Smith J Gustav 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveTransthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a rare, progressive and fatal condition caused by deposition of transthyretin amyloid fibrils in the heart. This study aims to identify all patients diagnosed with ATTR-CM in Sweden, estimate the prevalence of ATTR-CM, describe patient characteristics and mortality, assess the importance of early symptoms (red flags) for identification of ATTR-CM, and compare with patients with heart failure (HF).MethodsThis retrospective study combined multiple national health registers covering all specialist visits and prescriptions for the entire population of Sweden. Between January 2008 and December 2018, patients with ATTR-CM were identified retrospectively based on a combination of diagnosis codes and compared with matched, all-cause non-ATTR HF patients.ResultsOverall, a total of 994 patients diagnosed with ATTR-CM were identified, with an average age at diagnosis of 73 years, and 30% of whom were female. The prevalence of diagnosed ATTR-CM cases in 2018 was 5.0 per 100 000. The median survival from diagnosis was 37.6 months (CI 33.8 to 43.8), with a lower median survival in women (27.9 months, CI 23.3 to 33.8) compared with men (43.5 months, CI 37.6 to 49.6). Patients with ATTR-CM demonstrated reduced survival compared with patients with HF (p<0.001). Compared with patients with HF, clinical identification of carpal tunnel syndrome, spinal stenosis, and atrioventricular and left bundle branch block can facilitate earlier diagnosis of ATTR-CM.ConclusionsThis study provides the first nationwide estimates of ATTR-CM prevalence and risk factors. The results reinforce the severity of the disease and the importance of earlier diagnosis, especially for female patients, in order to allow effective treatment and prevention of disease progression.
Upcoming SIGWEB supported conferences
Authors: Roßner Daniel 
Published: October 2021

The Special Interest Group on Hypertext and the Web, SIGWEB was created in 1989 to support the community participating in the annual ACM Hypertext Conference. In its fourth decade, SIGWEB continues its efforts to support a wide range of communities and conferences. Recently, the Web Conference's legal and financial sponsorship was transferred to SIGWEB and thus joins the family of seven annual conferences in 2022. SIGWEB supports several specialized conferences, short courses, and workshops of different sizes, as well as the annual Hypertext Conference. SIGWEB sponsored conferences focus on timely topics in applied and computational hypertext and Web disciplines and provide a place for members and the entire applied Hypermedia and Web community to exchange ideas and to meet with and expand their network of colleagues. In this article, we provide a brief overview of SIGWEB sponsored conferences, in addition to events that are in cooperation with SIGWEB.
Due to the current Corona crisis, many event organizers opted for an online conference format or allow remote participation. These conferences are marked accordingly.
Some Eigenvalues Estimate for the
ϕ
-Laplace Operator on Slant Submanifolds of Sasakian Space Forms
Authors: Li Yanlin , Ali Akram , Mofarreh Fatemah , Abolarinwa Abimbola , Ali Rifaqat 
Published: October 2021

This paper is aimed at establishing new upper bounds for the first positive eigenvalue of the

ϕ

-Laplacian operator on Riemannian manifolds in terms of mean curvature and constant sectional curvature. The first eigenvalue for the

ϕ

-Laplacian operator on closed oriented

m

-dimensional slant submanifolds in a Sasakian space form

M
~

2
k
+
1

ε

is estimated in various ways. Several Reilly-like inequalities are generalized from our findings for Laplacian to the

ϕ

-Laplacian on slant submanifold in a sphere

S

2
n
+
1

with

ε
=
1

and

ϕ
=
2

.
Effect of Drying Whole and Half Chili Pods Using a Solar Dryer with CaCl2 Desiccant on Quality of Powder Chili
Authors: Romauli Nauas D. M. , Ambarita Himsar , Qadry Al , Sihombing Hendrik V. 
Published: October 2021

This study investigated the quality of dried whole and half chili pods’ powder dried with solar drying combined with CaCl2 desiccant compared with natural convection solar drying to produce the final chili powder product. Besides the sensory analysis, the quality parameters such as beta-carotene, moisture, vitamin C, and ash content were also observed. The results showed that 57 hours of drying time of whole and half chili pods using solar drying can reach moisture content below 5%. Beta-carotene, ash, and vitamin C contents of the whole chili were higher than those of half chili pods’ dried pepper powder; they were

20.38
±
0.22

mg
/
100

g

,

5.81
±
0.15
%

, and

23.99
±
0.57

mg
/
100

g

, respectively. This study can guide the red chili drying process based on the quality of the dried chili powder.
Specific Activation of the CD271 Intracellular Domain in Combination with Chemotherapy or Targeted Therapy Inhibits Melanoma Progression
Authors: Saltari Annalisa , Dzung Andreas , Quadri Marika , Tiso Natascia , Facchinello Nicola , Hernández-Barranco Alberto , Garcia-Silva Susana , Nogués Laura , Stoffel Corinne Isabelle , Cheng Phil F. , Turko Patrick , Eichhoff Ossia M. , Truzzi Francesca , Marconi Alessandra , Pincelli Carlo , Peinado Héctor , Dummer Reinhard , Levesque Mitchell P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCD271 (NGFR) is a neurotrophin receptor that belongs to the tumor necrosis receptor (TNFR) family. Upon ligand binding, CD271 can mediate either survival or cell death. Although the role of CD271 as a marker of tumor-initiating cells is still a matter of debate, its role in melanoma progression has been well documented. Moreover, CD271 has been shown to be upregulated after exposure to both chemotherapy and targeted therapy. In this study, we demonstrate that activation of CD271 by a short β-amyloid–derived peptide (Aβ(25–35)) in combination with either chemotherapy or MAPK inhibitors induces apoptosis in 2D and 3D cultures of eight melanoma cell lines. This combinatorial treatment significantly reduced metastasis in a zebrafish xenograft model and led to significantly decreased tumor volume in mice. Administration of Aβ(25–35) in ex vivo tumors from immunotherapy- and targeted therapy–resistant patients significantly reduced proliferation of melanoma cells, showing that activation of CD271 can overcome drug resistance. Aβ(25–35) was specific to CD271-expressing cells and induced CD271 cleavage and phosphorylation of JNK (pJNK). The direct protein–protein interaction of pJNK with CD271 led to PARP1 cleavage, p53 and caspase activation, and pJNK-dependent cell death. Aβ(25–35) also mediated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) accumulation, which induced CD271 overexpression. Finally, CD271 upregulation inhibited mROS production, revealing the presence of a negative feedback loop in mROS regulation. These results indicate that targeting CD271 can activate cell death pathways to inhibit melanoma progression and potentially overcome resistance to targeted therapy.Significance:The discovery of a means to specifically activate the CD271 death domain reveals unknown pathways mediated by the receptor and highlights new treatment possibilities for melanoma.
Hypoxia Drives Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Expression in Macrophages and Confers Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Malier Marie , Gharzeddine Khaldoun , Laverriere Marie-Hélène , Marsili Sabrina , Thomas Fabienne , Court Magali , Decaens Thomas , Roth Gael , Millet Arnaud 
Published: October 2021

AbstractColorectal adenocarcinoma is a leading cause of death worldwide, and immune infiltration in colorectal tumors has been recognized recently as an important pathophysiologic event. In this context, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) have been related to chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), the first-line chemotherapeutic agent used in treating colorectal cancers. Nevertheless, the details of this chemoresistance mechanism are still poorly elucidated. In the current study, we report that macrophages specifically overexpress dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) in hypoxia, leading to macrophage-induced chemoresistance to 5-FU via inactivation of the drug. Hypoxia-induced macrophage DPD expression was controlled by HIF2α. TAMs constituted the main contributors to DPD activity in human colorectal primary or secondary tumors, while cancer cells did not express significant levels of DPD. In addition, contrary to humans, macrophages in mice do not express DPD. Together, these findings shed light on the role of TAMs in promoting chemoresistance in colorectal cancers and identify potential new therapeutic targets.Significance:Hypoxia induces HIF2α-mediated overexpression of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in TAMs, leading to chemoresistance to 5-FU in colon cancers.
Endometrial carcinoma metastatic to the scalp
Authors: Aidos Joana , Gonçalves Sónia , Carvalho Teresa , Martins Nuno Nogueira , Martins Francisco Nogueira 
Published: October 2021

Endometrial carcinoma is a very rare cause of cutaneous metastasis. The most frequent presentations of cutaneous metastasis are fast developing nodules or tumors, which are evidence of widespread dissemination in such patients. We report a case of scalp metastasis from an endometrial adenocarcinoma with a fatal prognosis.