bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Пути повышения свойств заготовок деталей ГТД из жаропрочных титановых сплавов, полученных методом прямого лазерного выращивания
Authors: Марченко Юрий Анатольевич , Петрик Игорь Андреевич , Овчинников Александр Владимирович , Скребцов Андрей Андреевич 
Published: November 2021

Today, additive technologies for the production of billets from heat-resistant titanium alloys are used in aircraft engine building and the aerospace industry. However, the mechanisms of structure formation and the level of mechanical properties in such blanks are poorly understood and are of interest. Currently, available data are not sufficient for the confident application of additive technologies in the production of aircraft engines. This paper evaluates the microstructure and substantiates the possibility of improving the mechanical properties of workpieces of GTE parts made of VT20 titanium alloy, obtained by laser-powder additive surfacing. For research, workpieces with a size of 215x120x4 mm 120x85x14 mm were grown. As a "building" material, a powder of spherical shape of particles was used, the chemical composition of which corresponds to the alloy VT20. The research results showed that during laser-powder growth in the VT20 alloy, the formation of "hardening" structures is observed, due to the accelerated heat removal into the previously formed layer of cast metal. In this regard, the strength of the alloy sharply increases, and its impact toughness and relative narrowing decrease. Note that stress relief annealing after growing (T = 750 ± 10 ° C, holding time - 1.5 ... 2.0 h.) does not significantly affect the level of mechanical properties. When the annealing temperatures rise to critical levels, significant structural changes are observed in the VT20 alloy, which in turn affects its mechanical properties. Based on the analysis of microstructures and the results of mechanical tests after distinct types of heat treatment (800 ° C, 850 ° C, 920 ° C, holding time - 60...75 min.), it was found that an increase in the plastic properties of the VT20 alloy is observed when the samples are heated to temperatures close to the temperature of the polymorphic transformation (960...1000 ° C). Annealing of workpieces after surfacing according to mode T = 920 ± 10 ° C, holding time - 60...75 min. allows to somewhat reduce the strength characteristics of the VT20 alloy, while increasing its impact strength and relative narrowing.
Оцінка впливу похибок БІНС, яка побудована на MEMS-компонентах, на точність виведення ракети-носія надлегкого класу
Authors: Смирнов Артём Сергеевич , Голубек Александр Вячеславович 
Published: November 2021

The object of the article is the movement of an ultra-light class liquid-propellant launch vehicle in near-earth space. The subject of the research is the accuracy of launching a spacecraft by a launch vehicle. The article studies the effect of errors in the instruments of a strap-down inertial navigation system built with the use of MEMS sensors on the accuracy of launching a spacecraft into low-earth orbits with an altitude of up to 450 km for two modes of operation: with and without a satellite navigation system. Tasks: to identify the determining disturbing factors, to determine the influence of instrument errors on the trajectory tube, to determine the influence of instrument errors on the insertion accuracy, to perform a comparative analysis of the accuracy characteristics obtained for two modes of operation of the navigation system. Methods used analysis, synthesis, analogy, comparison, factor analysis, statistical modeling, statistical processing of modeling results. Results: a set of defining disturbing factors was revealed, the dependencies of the trajectory tubes on the altitude of the target orbit and flight time were obtained, the dependencies of the limiting deviations of the parameters of the spacecraft's orbit at the time of separation from the launch vehicle on the altitude of the target orbit were obtained. Conclusions. 1. It is shown that the determining perturbing factors are the zero drift of the gyroscope from launch to launch and the zero random drift of the gyroscope. 2. It was determined that the value of the trajectory tube monotonically expands on time and the height of the target orbit. Maximum deviations of the current position and absolute speed in the mode without using a satellite navigation system do not exceed 115 km and 140 m/s. For the mode using a satellite navigation system, these values do not exceed 140 m and 1.5 m/s. 3. It was revealed that the maximum deviations of the parameters of the spacecraft's orbit in the mode with the use of a satellite navigation system do not exceed 27 km in height, 1.8o in inclination, 4.5x10-4 in eccentricity, and 2.7o for the longitude of the ascending node. For the mode with a satellite navigation system - in height - 2.6 km, in inclination and longitude of the ascending node - 0.0003о, in eccentricity - 3.5x10-4. 4. Generally, the use of a satellite navigation system narrows the trajectory tube by twice, and the accuracy increases to four times, depending on the orbital parameters.
ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA IKLAN “SOBAT FREN”
Authors: Sadah Khozinatus 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRAK
Iklan merupakan salah satu metode pemasaran di masyarakat. Seiring perkembangan zaman, masyarakat berlomba-lomba membuat iklan yang menarik agar dapat menarik minat konsumen untuk membeli produk yang dipasarkan. Salah satunya adalah PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk yang meluncurkan produk kartu seluler ‘Sobat Fren’ dengan tema ‘Nelpon Pakai Fren, Bayarnya Pakai Daun’. Iklan produk ini dinilai menarik karena mengusung tema yang tidak biasa, dengan model yang menyerupai orang telanjang dan mengenakan daun. Beberapa masyarakat menilai iklan ini memiliki gambar yang kurang mendidik, oleh karena itu diperlukan analisa semiotika agar pesan dalam iklan dapat dikaji secara ilmiah. Analisa semiotika yang digunakan adalah teori Barthes dan Sausure karena mampu menyajikan semiotika secara struktural dan disajikan dengan bahasa yang tepat. Adapun hasil yang didapat adalah bahwa iklan ‘Sobat Fren’ meminjam makna gratis dari gambar daun. Tulisan ‘Nelpon pakai Fren, Bayar Pakai Daun’ merupakan anchor yang mempertegas dari keunggulan produk yang banyak menawarkan fasilitas telpon gratis. Tulisan ‘Sobat Fren’ menyugesti masyarakat bahwa produk kartu seluler tersebut bersahabat di masyarakat karena murah. Sedangkan ideologi yang dibangun adalah dengan menggunakan produk ‘Sobat Fren’ orang akan bahagia karena dapat menelfon secara gratis yang disimulasikan dengan gambar model pada iklan.
Kata kunci: iklan, Sobat Fren, semiotika, tanda

ABSTRACT
Advertising is one of the marketing methods in the community. Along with the times, people are competing to make attractive advertisements in order to attract consumers to buy products that are marketed. One of them is PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk, which launched the mobile card product 'Sobat Fren' with the theme ‘Nelpon Pakai Fren, Bayarnya Pakai Daun’. This product advertisement is considered attractive because it carries an unusual theme, with a model that resembles a naked person and wears leaves. Some people consider this ad to have a less educating image, therefore a semiotic analysis is needed so that the message in the ad can be studied scientifically. Semiotic analysis used is the theory of Barthes and Sausure because it is able to present semiotics structurally and presented in an appropriate language. The results obtained are that the advertisement ' Sobat Fren' borrows free meanings from leaf drawings. The writing ‘Nelpon pakai Fren, Bayar Pakai Daun’ is an anchor that emphasizes the superiority of the products that offer many free telephone facilities. The article 'Sobat Fren' suggests the community that the cellular card product is friendly in the community because it is cheap. While the ideology that is built is to use the product 'Sobat Fren' people will be happy because they can call for free which is simulated with a model image on the ad.
Keywords: advertisement, Friend Fren, semiotics, sign
Ácido linoleico na prevenção do infarto agudo do miocárdio: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Araújo Gabrielle Guimarães , Souza Thaís Carolline Jesus , Flor Nicole Silva , Silva Alice Joana Souza Vieira da , Oliveira Tharcia Kiara Beserra de 
Published: November 2021

Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares, como o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM), são uma das principais causas de morte no Brasil e no mundo, afetando aproximadamente 183 para 100.000 habitantes. Se torna importante o controle da pressão arterial, e principalmente da dislipidemia observada na maioria dos pacientes através de dietas. Objetivos: avaliar os efeitos do ácido linoleico na prevenção do infarto agudo do miocárdio. Metodologia: Esta é uma revisão abrangente da literatura, que revisa rigorosamente e combina pesquisas com diferentes métodos. Para seleção dos estudos, foi realizada uma leitura minuciosa dos títulos e dos resumos, a fim de verificar quais se encaixavam na questão norteadora e nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados e discussão: O ácido linoleico é um precursor do ácido araquidônico, que participa da síntese de mediadores biologicamente ativos, como prostaglandinas, tromboxanos e leucotrienos. Essas substâncias atuam como mediadores inflamatórios, estimulantes e cicatrizantes. Pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) podem se beneficiar de suplementação ácidos graxos poliinsaturados. Conclusão: A ingestão dos ácidos graxos está relacionada com a diminuição do risco de paradas cardíacas, possuindo efeito regulador sobre as propriedades elétricas do miocárdio, reduzindo as arritmias ventriculares e o risco de morte súbita.
COVID-19 in Adults With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Arabadjian Milla E. , Reuter Maria C. , Stepanovic Alexandra , Sherrid Mark V. , Massera Daniele 
Published: November 2021

Background: Individuals with cardiovascular disease are considered high risk for severe COVID-19. However, the clinical impact of COVID-19 in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with HCM.Methods: This retrospective observational study included adults with HCM and positive PCR/antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 at a large urban hospital system in the New York from January, 2020 to January, 2021.Results: Seventy individuals were included, with a mean (SD) age of 60.1 (15.1) years, 39 (55.7%) of whom were male, and 42 (60%) white. Forty-five (65.3%) patients had obstructive HCM. Hypertension and obesity (BMI ≥ 30) were present in 45 (64.3%) and 37 (52.9%) patients, and the prevalence of atrial fibrillation, obstructive sleep apnea and diabetes was high. Common symptoms of COVID-19 were fever, cough, shortness of breath and fatigue, affecting 33 (47.1%), 33 (47.1%), 28 (40.0%), and 28 (40.0%) patients, respectively. Fourteen (20%) patients were hospitalized. The majority (45 [64.3%] patients) recovered without intervention. Two patients had non-fatal pulmonary embolisms, 1 had atrial fibrillation requiring electrical cardioversion and 1 had acute decompensated heart failure. Three (4.3%) patients required mechanical ventilation, two of whom died (case fatality rate 2.9%). A total of 15 (21.4%) patients were asymptomatic.Conclusions: Our data suggest that in this diverse and high-risk group of patients with HCM, established risk factors for severe COVID-19, such as obesity, may be more important drivers of morbidity and mortality than the presence of HCM alone.
A Novel Age-Related Circular RNA Circ-ATXN2 Inhibits Proliferation, Promotes Cell Death and Adipogenesis in Rat Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells
Authors: Song Xing-Hui , He Ning , Xing Yue-Ting , Jin Xiao-Qin , Li Yan-Wei , Liu Shuang-Shuang , Gao Zi-Ying , Guo Chun , Wang Jia-Jia , Huang Ying-Ying , Hu Hu , Wang Lin-Lin 
Published: November 2021

Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells are promising candidates investigating the stem cell-related treatment. However, their proportion and utility in the human body decline with time, rendering stem cells incompetent to complete repair processes in vivo. The involvement of circRNAs in the aging process is poorly understood. Rat subcutaneous adipose tissue from 10-week-old and 27-month-old rats were used for hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining, TUNEL staining, and circRNA sequencing. Rat adipose tissue-derived stromal cells were cultured and overexpressed with circ-ATXN2. Proliferation was examined using xCELLigence real-time cell analysis, EdU staining, and cell cycle assay. Apoptosis was induced by CoCl2 and examined using flow cytometry. RT-PCR assay and Oil Red O staining were used to measure adipogenesis at 48 h and 14 days, respectively. H and E staining showed that the diameter of adipocytes increased; however, the number of cells decreased in old rats. TUNEL staining showed that the proportion of apoptotic cells was increased in old rats. A total of 4,860 and 4,952 circRNAs was detected in young and old rats, respectively. Among them, 67 circRNAs exhibited divergent expression between the two groups (fold change ≥2, p ≤ 0.05), of which 33 were upregulated (49.3%) and 34 were downregulated (50.7%). The proliferation of circ-ATXN2-overexpressing cells decreased significantly in vitro, which was further validated by xCELLigence real-time cell analysis, EdU staining, and cell cycle assay. Overexpression of circ-ATXN2 significantly increased the total apoptotic rate from 5.78 ± 0.46% to 11.97 ± 1.61%, early apoptotic rate from 1.76 ± 0.22% to 5.50 ± 0.66%, and late apoptosis rate from 4.02 ± 0.25% to 6.47 ± 1.06% in adipose tissue-derived stromal cells. Furthermore, in circ-ATXN2-overexpressing cells, RT-PCR assay revealed that the expression levels of adipose differentiation-related genes PPARγ and CEBP/α were increased and the Oil Red O staining assay showed more lipid droplets. Our study revealed the expression profile of circRNAs in the adipose tissue of old rats. We found a novel age-related circular RNA—circ-ATXN2—that inhibits proliferation and promotes cell death and adipogenesis in rat adipose tissue-derived stromal cells.
Citrullinated Epitopes Identified on Tumour MHC Class II by Peptide Elution Stimulate Both Regulatory and Th1 Responses and Require Careful Selection for Optimal Anti-Tumour Responses
Authors: Symonds Peter , Marcu Ana , Cook Katherine W. , Metheringham Rachael L. , Durrant Lindy G. , Brentville Victoria A. 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundSomatic mutations or post-translational modifications of proteins result in changes that enable immune recognition. One such post-translational modification is citrullination, the conversion of arginine residues to citrulline. Citrullinated peptides are presented on MHC class II (MHCII)viaautophagy which is upregulated by cellular stresses such as tumourigenesis.MethodsPeptides were eluted from B16 melanoma expressing HLA-DP4 and analysed by mass spectrometry to profile the presented citrullinated repertoire. Initially, seven of the identified citrullinated peptides were used in combination to vaccinate HLA-DP4 transgenic mice. Immune responses were characterised from the combination and individual vaccines byex vivocytokine ELISpot assay and assessed for tumour therapy.ResultsThe combination vaccine induced only weak anti-tumour therapy in the B16cDP4 melanoma model. Immune phenotyping revealed a dominant IFNγ response to citrullinated matrix metalloproteinase-21 peptide (citMMP21) and an IL-10 response to cytochrome p450 peptide (citCp450). Exclusion of the IL-10 inducing citCp450 peptide from the combined vaccine failed to recover a strong anti-tumour response. Single peptide immunisation confirmed the IFNγ response from citMMP21 and the IL-10 response from citCp450 but also showed that citrullinated Glutamate receptor ionotropic (citGRI) peptide stimulated a low avidity IFNγ response. Interestingly, both citMMP21 and citGRI peptides individually, stimulated strong anti-tumour responses that were significantly better than the combined vaccine. In line with the citGRI T cell avidity, it required high dose immunisation to induce an anti-tumour response. This suggests that as the peptides within the combined vaccine had similar binding affinities to MHC-II the combination vaccine may have resulted in lower presentation of each epitope and weak anti-tumour immunity.ConclusionWe demonstrate that tumours present citrullinated peptides that can stimulate Th1 and regulatory responses and that competition likely exists between similar affinity peptides. Characterisation of responses from epitopes identified by peptide elution are necessary to optimise selection for tumour therapy.
Severe Congenital Thrombocytopenia Characterized by Decreased Platelet Sialylation and Moderate Complement Activation Caused by Novel Compound Heterozygous Variants in GNE
Authors: Smolag Karolina I. , Fager Ferrari Marcus , Zetterberg Eva , Leinoe Eva , Ek Torben , Blom Anna M. , Rossing Maria , Martin Myriam 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundHereditary thrombocytopenias constitute a genetically heterogeneous cause of increased bleeding. We report a case of a 17-year-old boy suffering from severe macrothrombocytopenia throughout his life. Whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of two compound heterozygous variants in GNE encoding the enzyme UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase, crucial for sialic acid biosynthesis. Sialic acid is required for normal platelet life span, and biallelic variants in GNE have previously been associated with isolated macrothrombocytopenia. Furthermore, sialic acid constitutes a key ligand for complement factor H (FH), an important inhibitor of the complement system, protecting host cells from indiscriminate attack.MethodsSialic acid expression and FH binding to platelets and leukocytes was evaluated by flow cytometry. The binding of FH to erythrocytes was assessed indirectly by measuring the rate of complement mediated hemolysis. Complement activation was determined by measuring levels of C3bBbP (alternative pathway), C4d (classical/lectin pathway) and soluble terminal complement complex assays.ResultsThe proband exhibited markedly decreased expression of sialic acid on platelets and leukocytes. Consequently, the binding of FH was strongly reduced and moderate activation of the alternative and classical/lectin complement pathways was observed, together with an increased rate of erythrocyte lysis.ConclusionWe report two previously undescribed variants in GNE causing severe congenital macrothrombocytopenia in a compound heterozygous state, as a consequence of decreased platelet sialylation. The decreased sialylation of platelets, leukocytes and erythrocytes affects the binding of FH, leading to moderate complement activation and increased hemolysis.
The Cortical Response Evoked by Robotic Wrist Perturbations Reflects Level of Proprioceptive Impairment After Stroke
Authors: van Kordelaar Joost , van de Ruit Mark , Solis-Escalante Teodoro , Aerden Leo A. M. , Meskers Carel G. M. , van Wegen Erwin E. H. , Schouten Alfred C. , Kwakkel Gert , van der Helm Frans C. T. 
Published: November 2021

Background:Proprioception is important for regaining motor function in the paretic upper extremity after stroke. However, clinical assessments of proprioception are subjective and require verbal responses from the patient to applied proprioceptive stimuli. Cortical responses evoked by robotic wrist perturbations and measured by electroencephalography (EEG) may be an objective method to support current clinical assessments of proprioception.Objective:To establish whether evoked cortical responses reflect proprioceptive deficits as assessed by clinical scales and whether they predict upper extremity motor function at 26 weeks after stroke.Methods:Thirty-one patients with stroke were included. In week 1, 3, 5, 12, and 26 after stroke, the upper extremity sections of the Erasmus modified Nottingham Sensory Assessment (EmNSA-UE) and the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment (FM-UE) and the EEG responses (64 channels) to robotic wrist perturbations were measured. The extent to which proprioceptive input was conveyed to the affected hemisphere was estimated by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the evoked response. The relationships between SNR and EmNSA-UE as well as SNR and time after stroke were investigated using linear regression. Receiver-operating-characteristic curves were used to compare the predictive values of SNR and EmNSA-UE for predicting whether patients regained some selective motor control (FM-UE &gt; 22) or whether they could only move their paretic upper extremity within basic limb synergies (FM-UE ≤ 22) at 26 weeks after stroke.Results:Patients (N= 7) with impaired proprioception (EmNSA-UE proprioception score &lt; 8) had significantly smaller SNR than patients with unimpaired proprioception (N= 24) [EmNSA-UE proprioception score = 8,t(29) = 2.36,p= 0.03]. No significant effect of time after stroke on SNR was observed. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the predictive value between EmNSA-UE and SNR for predicting motor function at 26 weeks after stroke.Conclusion:The SNR of the evoked cortical response does not significantly change as a function of time after stroke and differs between patients with clinically assessed impaired and unimpaired proprioception, suggesting that SNR reflects persistent damage to proprioceptive pathways. A similar predictive value with respect to EmNSA-UE suggests that SNR may be used as an objective predictor next to clinical sensory assessments for predicting motor function at 26 weeks after stroke.
Efficacy and Safety of Various Treatments for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Bo , Zhou Zhulin , Zhang Bingjie , Wang Dan 
Published: November 2021

Diabetic retinopathy is the main cause of visual impairment and blindness. The proliferative diabetic retinopathy at the severe stage of diabetic retinopathy is more harmful to vision and even leads to total blindness. To evaluate the visual acuity, central retinal thickness, and adverse reactions of various treatments for proliferative diabetic retinopathy through a systematic network meta-analysis. The relevant research published in English or Chinese from January 1, 2011, to February 1, 2021, was systematically searched by using PubMed, science network, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and other electronic databases. A total of 15 studies were selected, including 3,222 eyes of PDR patients. Our results show that in terms of visual score improvement, ranibizumab alone (69.90%) and laser + ranibizumab (67.90%) are the best. However, if the groups were grouped again according to the dose and times of ranibizumab injection, the results showed that 0.5 mg ranibizumab injection per month (58.0%) had the best effect on vision improvement. For the change of central retinal thickness, the thickness decreased the most after the laser combined with ranibizumab (96.5%). After the same subgroup analysis, the results were further refined into the best effect of laser combined with 0.3 mg ranibizumab per quarter (72.7%). In addition, our analysis of complications also showed that the overall incidence of adverse reactions of PRP (11.1 ± 12.4, %) was greater than that of ranibizumab (10.6 ± 13.0, %). However, more high-quality randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up using standard methods are still needed to verify the correlation.