bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial And Seasonal Variation For Water Quality Indices of Gomal Zam Dam And Its Tributaries In The South Waziristan District, Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Said , Ullah Insha 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the quality of water in the Gomal Zam Dam and its tributaries, south Waziristan District, Pakistan. For this purpose, water samples were collected from the Gomal Zam Dam and its tributaries in the winter and summer seasons (n=24 in each season). Water samples were analyzed for the anions using a multi-parameter analyzer (CONSORT 6030, Belgium) and cations by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS, AAnalyst 700, PerkinElmer). Water characteristics were compared and found within drinking water guidelines set by the world health organization (WHO), except turbidity. Water characteristics were evaluated for the water quality index (WQI) and sodium hazards such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and sodium percentage (Na%). Based on WQI and sodium hazards, the water of Gomal Zam Dam and its tributaries were observed as good and in permissible levels for drinking and irrigation water, respectively. The winter season has slightly poor water quality compared to the summer season due to higher contamination. Gibbs’s and Piper's models showed that the water quality of Gomal Zam Dam and its tributaries was mainly characterized by the weathering of bedrocks. The studied water is classified as Na-Cl type and Mg-HCO3 types in the summer and winter seasons, respectively. Statistical analyses revealed that geogenic sources of rock weathering are the dominant factor for controlling the water quality of the area.
Clinical Factors Associated With the Culture of Primary Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cell From Peritoneal Dialysate Effluent
Authors: Shi Ping , Yin Peiran , Liu Lingling , Zhang Haixia , Zhu Ye , Gao Luyan , Lu Ying , Zeng Ying , Feng Sheng , Song Kai , Shen Huaying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The culture of primary human peritoneal mesothelial cell (HPMC) provides us an in vitro tool to investigate peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration failure. The aim of the present study was to establish the method of culturing HPMC and to explore clinical factors associated with the success rate of culture.Methods: HPMCs were aseptically harvested by centrifuge from peritoneal dialysate effluent (PDE) of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who underwent peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheterization for less than 2 weeks and were cultured in vitro. Cells were identified by simple morphological observation and immunofluorescent staining. Clinical data of PD patients was collected. Comparison between groups and binary logistic regression analysis were employed to explore the clinical factors associated with the success rate of culture.Results: The study included 36 patients (26 male (72.2%); mean age 53.9±15.6 years). HPMC from PDE successfully grew and survived in 22 patients. A typical cobblestone-like appearance was observed by inverted phase contrast microscope. Immunofluorescence staining showed positive expression of cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) and Vimentin. Comparison between groups demonstrated significant differences in diabetes (P=0.041), days from catheterization (P=0.002) and the use of erythrocyte lysate (P=0.019) between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the success rate was correlated with days from catheterization (OR=0.318, 95%CI=0.107-0.946, P=0.039) and the level of C-reactive protein (CRP, OR=0.893, 95%CI=0.805-0.991, P=0.032). Conclusions: The method of culturing primary HPMC from PDE has been successfully established. The success rate of culture is correlated with CRP level and days from catheterization.
Altruism in a Time of Crisis: Dissociable Social Valuation and Perception during COVID-19 in the United States
Authors: Luo Yi , Shuster Anastasia , Chung Dongil , O'Brien Madeline , Heflin Matthew , Perl Ofer , Kulkarni Kaustubh , Na Soojung , Fiore Vincenzo , Montague Read , Gu Xiaosi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Human prosocial behaviors are constantly shaped by the push-and-pull between societal need for cooperation and one’s natural tendency to self-prioritize. Nevertheless, it remains elusive how our valuation and perceptual systems might contribute to altruistic acts under the influence of a real-world crisis. Here, using computational modeling and a game-theoretic approach, we investigated how the coronavirus pandemic perturbed altruistic choices in the United States, April-May, 2020. Overall, people made more altruistic choices as the pandemic worsened, an effect primarily driven by increased preference for social welfare. Paradoxically, participants also processed self-relevant information (i.e., “self-prioritization”) more efficiently at the perceptual level, as the pandemic became worse. These effects were not observed one year later (May-June, 2021) when the variability of the pandemic diminished. Furthermore, individuals’ prosocial choices and preferences did not correlate with their self-prioritization efficiency. Collectively, these results revealed a more nuanced view of human altruism — that as a dynamic and context-dependent construct, altruism can co-exist with increased attention to the self.
ADP-ribose Transferase PARP16 Mediated-unfolded Protein Response Contributes to Neuronal Cell Damage in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion
Authors: Wang Jinghuan , Su zhenghua , Zhong wen , Su haibi , Xu Jie , Cheng Qianwen , Liu xinhua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Ischemic stroke is known to cause the accumulation of misfolded proteins and loss of calcium homeostasis leading to impairment of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function and activating the unfolded protein response (UPR). PARP16 is the only an active ADP-ribosyl transferase known tail-anchored ER transmembrane protein with a cytosolic catalytic domain. Here, we find PARP16 is highly expressed in ischemic cerebral hemisphere and Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated immortalized hippocampal neuroblasts HT22 cells. Using adeno-associated virus-mediated knockdown PARP16 mice, we find knockdown PARP16 decreases infarct demarcations and has a better neurological outcome after ischemic stroke. Our data indicate PARP16 overexpression promotes ER stress-mediated cell damage in primary cortical neurons, in turn, knockdown PARP16 decreases ER stress and neuronal death caused by OGD. Furthermore, PARP16 functions mechanistically as ADP-ribosyltransferase to modulate the level of ribosylation of the corresponding PERK and IRE1α arm of the UPR, and that such modification is required for activation of PERK and IRE1α. Indeed, pharmacological stimulation of the UPR using Brefeldin A counteracts knockdown of PARP16-mediated neuronal protection in OGD. On other hand, when an ER inhibitor Tauroursodeoxycholic acid present, permit more obvious protection and inactivation of PERK and IRF1α caused by knockdown of PARP16. In conclusion, PARP16 plays a crucial role in post-ischemic UPR and the knockdown of PARP16 alleviates brain injury after ischemic stroke. The rationale of this study is to explore the potentials of the PARP16-PERK/IRE1α axis as a target for neuronal survival in ischemic stroke.
Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Changes Triggered by Macrosiphum Rosivorum in Rose (Rosa longicuspis)
Authors: Gao Penghua , Zhang Hao , Yan Huijun , Zhou Ningning , Yan Bo , Fan Yuanlan , Tang Kaixue , Qiu Xianqin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Rose is an important economic horticultural crop. However, its field growth and quality are negatively affected by aphids. However, the defence mechanisms used by rose plants against aphids are unclear. A previous study showed that Macrosiphum rosivorum is the most common and harmful aphid species to Rosa plants and that Rosa longicuspis is highly resistant species to aphids. Therefore, to understand the defence mechanism of rose under aphid stress, we combined RNA sequencing and metabolomics techniques to investigate the changes in gene expression and metabolomic processes in R. longicuspis infected with M. rosivorum. Result: In our study, after inoculation with M. rosivorum, M. rosivorum quickly colonized. A total of 34202 genes and 758 metabolites were detected in all samples, with 2845, 2627 and 466 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in CK-vs.-A3 d, CK-vs.-A5 d, and A3 d-vs.-A5 d, respectively. Among these metabolites, 65, 70 and 26 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were found in CK-vs.-A3 d, CK-vs.-A5 d, and A3 d-vs.-A5 d, respectively. The combined omics approach revealed that M. rosivorum is perceived by effector-triggered immunity. Under M. rosivorum stress, R. longicuspis responded by signal transduction pathway activation, transcription factor expression, ROS production and hormone-mediated defence responses. Interestingly, the ‘brassinosteroid biosynthesis’ pathway was significantly enriched in A3 d-vs.-A5 d. Further analysis showed that M. rosivorum induced the transformation of starch and sucrose, the biosynthesis of terpenoids, tannins and phenolic acids and metabolism of cyanoamino acid. Importantly, the ‘tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis’, ‘glutathione metabolic’ and ‘glucosinolate biosynthesis’ pathways were significantly enriched, which resulted in increased levels of metabolites that were involved in the plant defence response. Conclusion: Our study provides candidate genes and metabolites for Rosa defence against aphids. What’s more, this study provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the molecular regulation mechanism of rose aphid resistance and aphid resistance breeding in the future.
Noninvasive Assessment of Foot Perfusion in a Rabbit Model of Atherosclerosis Using Dynamic Volume Perfusion CT with an Upslope Method
Authors: Min Hooney , Hur Saebeom , Lee Jae Hwan , Yoon Chang Jin , Choi Won Seok , Lee Seunghyun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of foot dynamic volume CT with the upslope method and to demonstrate macrovascular reactivity and microvascular perfusion during cuff-induced reactive hyperemia state in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis.Materials and Methods: 30 New Zealand male rabbits were divided into 2 groups: dietary hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerosis (n=10) and normal diet control (n=20). To measure for macrovascular reactivity, perfusion parameters of the left posterior tibial artery was measured at baseline and at reactive hyperemia state. For the evaluation of microvascular perfusion, color-coded perfusion map of the plantar dermis was generated for perfusion CT scan by an in-house dedicated analysis software based on upslope method. Dermal perfusion values were measured and analyzed before and after cuff-induced reactive hyperemia.Results: Foot dynamic volume CT with the upslope method demonstrated significant impairment of both macrovascular reactivity and microvascular perfusion in atherosclerotic rabbits during cuff-induced reactive hyperemia (CRH) state. Arterial time-to-peak of cholesterol-fed rabbits failed to show acceleration while healthy rabbits showed significant decrease in time. Microvascular perfusion calculated by perfusion value (P<0.01) and perfusion ratio (P=.014) showed decreased microvascular perfusion in cholesterol fed rabbits compared to healthy rabbits during CRH state. Post-CT pathologic examination revealed decreased endothelial cell density in cholesterol-fed rabbits (P<0.001).Conclusions: Foot perfusion CT using upslope method provides perfusion parameters for large arteries and a perfusion map of the foot during cuff-induced reactive hyperemia in rabbit models of atherosclerosis. It may be a useful tool for the quantitative and functional evaluation of atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease.
Treatment Failure After Rotational Atherectomy and Balloon Angioplasty in Recurrent Cystic Adventitial Disease of the Popliteal Artery: a Case Report
Authors: Yoon Jin Woo , Choi Woosun , Kim Suh Min , Hur Joonho 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Cystic adventitial disease (CAD) is a rare non-atherosclerotic condition in which fluid accumulates in the sub-adventitial layer, compressing the lumen of the arteries and veins. Historically, surgical treatment of CAD is preferred over endovascular or minimally invasive techniques owing to the considerably lower recurrence rates after surgery. Case presentation: We here report the first case in which rotational atherectomy was performed using Jetstream XC (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA) for recurrent CAD. Post-procedure angiography showed that satisfactory increase in the luminal diameter. However, the patient’s symptoms recurred 1 day after procedure, and repeat Computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed recurrent of the disease.Conclusions: Our experience showed that endovascular treatment is not satisfactory for CAD recurrence even with atherectomy.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms and subsyndromes in patients with different stages of dementia in primary care follow-up (NeDEM project): a cross-sectional study.
Authors: García-Martín Victoria , de Hoyos-Alonso M Canto , Ariza-Cardiel Gloria , Delgado-Puebla Rosalía , García-Domingo Paula , Hernández-Melo Erika , Torres Javier López de Haro-de , Cura-González Isabel del 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe objective was to describe the prevalence and intensity of Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) isolated and grouped into subsyndromes in patients with dementia in primary care (PC), to analyse their distribution based on stages of dementia and the relationship between them and the intensity of symptoms.MethodsDesign: Cross-sectional study. Setting and population: Patients with dementia, not institutionalized, in PC follow-up. Variables: Sociodemographic and clinical. Assessment instruments: The frequency and intensity of NPSs were measured with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and the stages of dementia with the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS). Statistical analysis: The number of NPSs per patient, mean NPI value, and prevalence and intensity of NPSs isolated and grouped into subsyndromes were calculated, as were their 95% CIs. The analyses were performed on an overall basis and by GDS. To analyse the association between NPI and GDS, multivariate analysis was performed with a generalized linear model.Results98.4% (95% CI 94.5;99.8) of the patients presented some type of NPS, with an average of five symptoms per patient. The most frequent symptoms were apathy [69.8% (95% CI 61.1;77.5)], agitation [55.8% (95% CI 46.8;64.5)] and irritability [48.8% (95% CI 39.9;57.8)]. The NPSs with greater intensity were apathy [NPI 3.2 (95% CI 2.5;3.8)] and agitation [NPI 3.2 (95% CI 2.5;4.0)]. For subsyndromes, hyperactivity predominated [86.0% (95% CI 78.8;91.5)], followed by apathy [77.5% (95% CI 69.3;84.4]). By phase of dementia, the most common isolated symptom was apathy (60.7%-75.0%). Affective symptoms and irritability predominated in the initial stages, and psychotic symptoms predominated in advanced stages. The mean NPI score was 24.9 (95% CI 21.5;28.4) and increased from 15.6 (95% CI 8.2;23.1) for GDS 3 to 28.9 (95% CI 12.6;45.1) for GDS 7. Patients with in the most advanced stages of dementia presented an NPI score of 7.6 (95% CI 6.8;8.3) points higher than mild dementia, adjusted for the other variables.ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of NPSs in patients with dementia treated in PC. Symptoms change and increase in intensity as the disease progresses. Scales such as the NPI allow these symptoms to be identified, which could facilitate more stage-appropriate management.
Preparation of Artificial Aggregate Using Waste Concrete Powder And CO2 Fixed By Microorganisms
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Qian Chunxiang , Xie Dengmin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
High carbon emissions, shortage of natural aggregates and environmental pollution of waste concrete powder (WCP) have become three imperative crises faced by the traditional concrete industry. The waste concrete crushed to prepare aggregates always has poor mechanical properties and low utilization of waste powder. In this paper, WCP was used to prepare artificial aggregates by cold-bonding disk granulation. And a novel approach for strengthening mechanical properties and improving CO2 sequestration of artificial aggregates was proposed based on using microorganisms. The microorganism enhanced the mechanical properties, porosity and microstructure of artificial aggregates. The apparent density, crushing strength and water absorption of artificial aggregates were increased to 2620 kg/m3, 9.1 MPa and 4.8 %, respectively. It showed a denser microstructure because more mineralization products with well crystallization reduced the porosity from 20.98 % to 13.88 %. The CO2 fixation of artificial aggregates increased from 7.39 wt. % to 16.00 wt. % due to the existence of microorganism. The compressive strength of concrete indicated that artificial aggregate could substitute the nature aggregates partially without affecting its strength, and the better rate should be controlled within 50 wt. %. This method has obvious effect on waste resource utilization and CO2 emission reduction, displayed good potential for future applications.
Association of Perceived Stress And Coping Strategies With The Renal Function In Middle-Aged And Older Japanese Men And Women
Authors: Koga Kayoko , Hara Megumi , Shimanoe Chisato , Nishida Yuichiro , Furukawa Takuma , Iwasaka Chiharu , Tanaka Keitaro , Otonari Jun , Ikezaki Hiroaki , Kubo Yoko , Kato Yasufumi , Tamura Takashi , Hishida Asahi , Matsuo Keitaro , Ito Hidemi , Nakamura Yohko , Kusakabe Miho , Nishimoto Daisaku , Shibuya Keiichi , Suzuki Sadao , Watanabe Miki , Ozaki Etsuko , Matsui Daisuke , Kuriki Kiyonori , Takashima Naoyuki , Kadota Aya , Arisawa Kokichi , Katsuura-Kamano Sakurako , Takeuchi Kenji , Wakai Kenji 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Elucidating risk factors for chronic kidney disease is important for preventing end-stage kidney disease and reducing mortality. However, little is known about the roles of psychosocial stress and stress coping behaviors in deterioration of the renal function, as measured by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). This cross-sectional study of middle-aged and older Japanese men (n=31,703) and women (n=38,939) investigated whether perceived stress and coping strategies (emotional expression, emotional support seeking, positive reappraisal, problem solving, and disengagement) were related to the eGFR, with mutual interactions. In multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for age, area, lifestyle factors, and psychosocial variables, we found a significant inverse association between perceived stress and the eGFR in men (Ptrend=0.02), but not women. This male-specific inverse association was slightly attenuated after adjustment for the history of hypertension and diabetes and was more evident in lower levels of emotional expression (Pinteraction=0.003). Unexpectedly, problem solving in men (Ptrend<0.001) and positive reappraisal in women (Ptrend=0.002) also showed an inverse association with the eGFR. Perceived stress may affect eGFR, partly through the development of hypertension and diabetes. Based on the unexpected findings regarding coping strategies, further studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanisms, including the hormonal and immunological aspects.
Identification of Hub Gene in Cervical Cancer by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis
Authors: Chen huan , Chen huan , Huang Meiyuan , Zhang Qunzhi , Xu Qiong , Wang Jinjin , Tao Yin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background:Cervical cancer(CC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in gynecology. Both its incidence and mortality are high. Despite advances in screening, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, CC is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women. However, in the pathogenesis of CC, the exact molecular mechanism is still unclear. It may be a multi-gene, multi-factor, multi-step, and multi-stage complex process. Hence, the pathogenesis and molecular mechanism of CC are the keys to effective treatment of it. In this study, we tried to identify candidate biomarkers for cervical cancer through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Methods: The gene expression profile of CESC was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by the Limma package, and the gene co-expression module was constructed by WGCNA. Use the online website STRING to construct the protein interaction network of genes in significant modules, and then use Cytoscape analysis to find the 10 most important node degree genes. Results: Among these 10 genes, SOX9 expression was associated with the prognosis of cervical cancer patients. Immunohistochemical results from the online website human protein atlas showed that SOX9 protein expression was significantly higher in cervical cancer tissues than in normal cervical tissues. After collecting cancerous and paracancerous tissue specimens from 16 patients with cervical cancer, Q-PCR showed that the mRNA expression levels of SOX9 in cervical cancer tissues were significantly greater than those in normal adjacent tissues. Conclusions: The elevated expression of SOX9 is significantly related to the disease-free survival and overall survival of cervical cancer. Therefore, the SOX9 gene could be used as an indicator of cervical cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
Severity and Location of Lumbar Spine Stenosis Affects the Outcome of Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sheppard William , McKay Kevin M , Upfill-Brown Alexander , Blumstein Gideon , Park Howard , Shah Akash , Sassoon Adam , Park Don Y 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRecent studies have noted that patients with pre-existing lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) have lower functional outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Given that LSS manifests heterogeneously in location and severity, its influence on knee replacement merits a radiographically targeted analysis. We hypothesize that patients with more severe LSS will have diminished knee mobility following TKA. MethodsThis retrospective study assessed all TKAs performed at our institution for primary osteoarthritis from 2017-2020. Preoperative lumbar magnetic resonance image (MRI) with no prior lumbar spine surgery were necessary for inclusion. Stenosis severity was demonstrated by (1) anterior-posterior (AP) diameter of the dural sac and (2) morphological grade. TKA outcomes in 103 cases (94 patients) were assessed by measuring preoperative and postoperative arc of motion (AOM), postoperative flexion contracture, and need for manipulation under anesthesia. ResultsPatients with mild stenosis did significantly better in terms of postoperative knee AOM. As AP diameter decreased at levels L1-2, L2-3, L3-4, and L4-5, there was a significant reduction in preoperative-AOM (p<0.001 for each), with a 16 degree decrease when using patients’ most stenotic level (p<0.001). The same was noted with respect to increased morphological grade (p<0.001), with a 5 degree decrease for patients’ most stenotic level (p<0.001). Conclusion﻿Severe LSS, which is readily demonstrated by a reduction in the AP diameter of the dural sac or increased morphological grade on MRI, correlated with a significant reduction in preoperative-AOM that was not improved after TKA. Persistent postoperative reductions in AOM may contribute to reduced patient satisfaction and recovery. Level of Evidence: Level 4