bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frozen in the Ashes
Authors: Cherin Marco , Barili Angelo , Boschian Giovanni , Ichumbaki Elgidius B. , Iurino Dawid A. , Masao Fidelis T. , Menconero Sofia , Moggi Cecchi Jacopo , Sarmati Susanna , Santopuoli Nicola , Manzi Giorgio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFossil footprints are very useful palaeontological tools. Their features can help to identify their makers and also to infer biological as well as behavioural information. Nearly all the hominin tracks discovered so far are attributed to species of the genus Homo. The only exception is represented by the trackways found in the late 1970s at Laetoli, which are thought to have been made by three Australopithecus afarensis individuals about 3.66 million years ago. We have unearthed and described the footprints of two more individuals at Laetoli, who were moving on the same surface, in the same direction, and probably in the same timespan as the three found in the 1970s, apparently all belonging to a single herd of bipedal hominins walking from south to north. The estimated stature of one of the new individuals (about 1.65 m) exceeds those previously published for Au. afarensis. This evidence supports the existence of marked morphological variation within the species. Considering the bipedal footprints found at Laetoli as a whole, we can hypothesize that the tallest individual may have been the dominant male, the others smaller females and juveniles. Thus, considerable differences may have existed between sexes in these human ancestors, similar to modern gorillas.
Leadership Games: Multiple Followers, Multiple Leaders, and Perfection
Authors: Marchesi Alberto 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOver the last years,algorithmic game theoryhas received growing interest in AI, as it allows to tackle complex real-world scenarios involving multiple artificial agents engaged in a competitive interaction. These settings call for rational agents endowed with the capability of reasoning strategically, which is achieved by exploitingequilibriumconcepts from game theory.
Allowing a Real Collaboration Between Humans and Robots
Authors: Casalino Andrea 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRobotics researchers are spending many efforts in developing methodologies and techniques that allow robots to work side by side with humans, with the aim of improving the manufacturing processes. Such a level of interaction does not require just the safe coexistence in a common space, which is something completely achieved by the current state of the art. In scenarios like co-assemblies, humans and robots have to execute alternating tasks, with the aim of realizing a set of possible finite products. This requires the robots to adapt, synchronize and actively cooperate with the humans. This work will show that this goal can be reached by providing the cobots with three main abilities: recognizing the human behaviour, predicting the human actions and optimally planning the robotic ones.
Traffic Management in Networks with Programmable Data Planes
Authors: Sanvito Davide 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis brief includes a summary of the Ph.D. thesis entitled “Traffic management in networks with programmable data planes” and supervised by Prof. Antonio Capone. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) enables the configuration and operation of communications networks through open software programming interfaces providing an unprecedented flexibility in their dynamic reconfiguration and management. The thesis analyses the opportunities for traffic management provided by the SDN paradigm at different levels. Starting from the programmability at the control plane, we have designed a Traffic Engineering framework operating on the global view offered on top of the controller to proactively configure the network according to traffic measurements while limiting the number of reconfigurations. In order to deal with unexpected conditions such as network failures and congestion, the above centralized, global and proactive approach has been complemented by reactive and distributed approaches based on advanced stateful programmable data planes which enable a self-adaptation according to partial local information yielding to a more prompt and scalable reaction. All the solutions presented in the thesis have been evaluated with software prototypes based on research-oriented or production-ready open-source tools. Some of the extensions developed for these tools have been integrated as official open-source contributions.
Event Reconstruction
Authors: Frühwirth Rudolf , Strandlie Are 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe chapter gives an outline of the event reconstruction chain of a typical large experiment, from the trigger to the physics object reconstruction. The concept of the trigger is illustrated by two examples, CMS and LHCb, followed by a discussion of track reconstruction and its stages: hit generation, local reconstruction, and global reconstruction. The section on vertex reconstruction introduces a classification of vertices and sets the scene for the dedicated chapters on vertex finding and vertex fitting. The chapter concludes with some remarks on particle identification and reconstruction of physics objects such as electrons, muons, photons, jets,τleptons, and missing energy.
Vertex Finding
Authors: Frühwirth Rudolf , Strandlie Are 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVertex finding is the search for clusters of tracks that originate at the same point in space. The chapter discusses a variety of methods for finding primary vertices, first in one and then in three dimensions. Details are given on model-based clustering, the EM algorithm and clustering by deterministic annealing in 1D, and greedy clustering, iterated estimators, topological vertex finding, and a vertex finder based on medical imaging in 3D.
Modelle ressourcenorientierter und effektiver Führung digitaler Projekt- und Teamarbeit – vLead
Authors: Antoni Conny H. , Latniak Erich , Hellert Ulrike 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Projekt vLead untersuchte Belastungen und Ressourcen digitaler Projekt- und Teamarbeit für Führungskräfte, Beschäftigte und Unternehmen und wie Kompetenzen, Innovations- und Leistungsfähigkeit, Gesundheit und Work-Life -Balance gefördert werden können. Hierzu wurden Instrumente ressourcenorientierter und effektiver Führung digitaler Projekt- und Teamarbeit partizipativ entwickelt und erprobt. Mit den online Tools OrgaCheck und TeamCheck, dem Screeningfragebogen für operative Führungskräfte, sowie dem Handbuch Kompass – Zeit und Vertrauen liegen erprobte Instrumente zur Analyse der Situation und zur Ableitung konkreter Maßnahmen zur Förderung der digitalen Zusammenarbeit und Führung auf Unternehmens-, Team- und individueller Ebene vor, mit zahlreichen und vielfältigen praktischen Handlungsempfehlungen, Checklisten, sowie Umsetzungsbeispielen. Das online Tool IdeaCheck unterstützt, angelehnt an das Stage-Gate-Konzept in der Produktentwicklung, Innovationsprozesse im Unternehmen.
Einfach mal anders gucken?!
Authors: Borg Anna , Buschmeyer Achim , Digmayer Claas , Hahn Cornelia , Jakobs Eva-Maria , Kluge Johanna , Reinartz Jonathan , Westerbarkey Jan , Ziefle Martina 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag beschreibt einen ganzheitlichen Ansatz für die digitale Transformation unter Einbezug der Kulturperspektive in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen, die den Anforderungen einer Industrie 4.0 gerecht wird. Das vorgestellte Vorgehen, die SiTra4.0-Roadmap, ist das wesentliche Ergebnis des Forschungsprojekts “Nachhaltige Sicherheitskultur als Transformationsansatz für Industrie 4.0 in KMU” (SiTra4.0). Beschrieben werden zunächst die einzelnen Schritte der Roadmap und deren Einsatz in der Praxis. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Ausblick auf fortlaufende Forschungsarbeiten sowie dem Arbeitskreis für Sicherheit in Industrie 4.0.
Arbeits- und prozessorientierte Digitalisierung
Authors: Held Gabriele , Schlink Beate , Bahlow Jörg , Kötter Wolfgang , Roth Sebastian , Bendel Alexander , Latniak Erich , Lennings Frank , Terstegen Sebastian 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekt „APRODI – Arbeits- und prozessorientierte Digitalisierung in Industrieunternehmen“ setzte sich zum Ziel, neue Wege der Gestaltung von betrieblichen Informationsräumen und IT-unterstützten Arbeitssystemen zu erproben. Dabei sollten die jeweilige Ausgangssituation und Kultur des Unternehmens, vorhandene und bewährte technische Systeme und die Voraussetzungen, Möglichkeiten und Interessen der Mitarbeitende gleichermaßen berücksichtigt werden. Grundlegend war die Orientierung an einem soziotechnischen Systemverständnis. Die Erkenntnisse aus dem Projekt, empfehlenswerte Vorgehensweisen und Instrumente zur Gestaltung von betrieblichen Digitalisierungsprozessen stehen anderen Unternehmen in einer Toolbox zur Verfügung.
Social Business in der Praxis
Authors: Zinke-Wehlmann Christian , Friedrich Julia , Wölke Mandy , Römer Vanita 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel des Verbundprojektes SB:Digital war es, die Potenziale sozialer Netzwerke, Medien und Technologien zur Gestaltung guter digitaler Arbeit innerhalb von Unternehmen und Wertschöpfungspartnerschaften zu untersuchen. Neben wissenschaftlich konzeptuellen Arbeiten, stand dabei die Realisierung von vier Pilotanwendungen im Fokus. Der vorliegende Beitrag dient dazu, die aus der Implementierung der Pilotprojekte gewonnenen Erkenntnisse aufzuarbeiten, indem die zuvor im jeweiligen Projekt formulierten Ziele einem “Realitätscheck” unterzogen werden. Diese Lehren aus der Implementierung sollen insbesondere Praktikern die Möglichkeit zu geben, sich bereits in einem frühen Stadium der eigenen Social Business-Transformation etwaige Barrieren bewusst zu machen und darauf reagieren zu können.
Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf die Arbeit im Dienstleistungssektor am Beispiel der Steuerberatung
Authors: Moukouli Virginia , Nerdinger Friedemann W. , Görs Philipp K. , Koevel Arne , Traum Anne , Zimmer Marco , Ziehmer Halina 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag zu KODIMA untersucht einerseits, inwiefern sich die Befunde der bisher betrachteten arbeitspsychologischen Analysen bei Steuerberatungsunternehmen auf andere wissensintensive Dienstleistungsbranchen übertragen lassen. Dabei sind zentrale Fragestellungen der Untersuchung, wie sich die Digitalisierung auf wissensintensive Dienstleistungsbranchen auswirkt, welche Auswirkungen die Digitalisierung auf die Arbeit in der Branche hat und wie sich die Digitalisierung auf die Tätigkeiten der Beschäftigten auswirkt. Deutlich wird, dass die auf die Steuerberatungsbranche fokussierten KODIMA-Befunde nicht ohne weiteres auf andere Branchen übertragen werden können. Außerdem werden die Ergebnisse der organisations- und führungstheoretischen Analysen präsentiert, die zeigen, dass Digitalisierung von den Führungskräften als komplexer Prozess konsequent gedacht werden muss, der auch die Perspektive der Beschäftigten berücksichtigt.
Gestaltung der Arbeit mit Kollaborationsplattformen
Authors: Hardwig Thomas , Klötzer Stefan , Mönch Alfred , Reißmann Tobias , Schulz Carsten , Weißmann Marliese 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungKollaborationsplattformen ermöglichen die orts- und zeitunabhängige Zusammenarbeit. In CollaboTeam wurden betriebliche Einsatzmöglichkeiten erprobt und Empfehlungen entwickelt. Der Beitrag präsentiert Erfahrungen der Verbundpartner und ein Modell zur Arbeit mit Kollaborationsplattformen, das (1) umschreibt, wie Unternehmen strategische Ziele für die Plattform-Nutzung formulieren; wie sie (2) in einer Analyse der Passung von „people-task-technology“ den Handlungsbedarf für die Arbeitsgestaltung identifizieren und (3) daraus Handlungsbedarf für sechs Gestaltungsfelder entwickeln: Lernen/Entwicklung, Führung/Betreuung, Technik/Räume, Anpassung/Change, Werte/Kultur, Zusammenarbeit/Regeln. Zentral für die Arbeitsgestaltung sind iterative Lern-, Weiterentwicklungs- und Aushandlungsprozesse zwischen Akteuren. Die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen können nur mit einem auf diese Prozesse ausgerichteten sozio-technischen Ansatz der Arbeitsgestaltung bewältigt werden.
Energy-energy correlation in hadronic Higgs decays: analytic results and phenomenology at NLO
Authors: Gao Jun , Shtabovenko Vladyslav , Yang Tong-Zhi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this work we complete the investigation of the recently introduced energy-energy correlation (EEC) function in hadronic Higgs decays at next-to-leading order (NLO) in fixed-order perturbation theory in the limit of vanishing light quark masses. The full analytic NLO result for the previously unknown EEC in the H → $$ q\overline{q} $$
q

q
¯

+ X channel is given in terms of classical polylogarithms and cross-checked against a numerical calculation. In addition to that, we discuss further corrections to predictions of the Higgs EEC event shape variable, including quark mass corrections, effects of parton shower and hadronization. We also estimate the statistical error on the measurements of the Higgs EEC at future Higgs factories and compare with the current perturbative uncertainty.
Xenon-1T excess as a possible signal of a sub-GeV hidden sector dark matter
Authors: Aboubrahim Amin , Klasen Michael , Nath Pran 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We present a particle physics model to explain the observed enhancement in the Xenon-1T data at an electron recoil energy of 2.5 keV. The model is based on a U(1) extension of the Standard Model where the dark sector consists of two essentially mass degenerate Dirac fermions in the sub-GeV region with a small mass splitting interacting with a dark photon. The dark photon is unstable and decays before the big bang nucleosynthesis, which leads to the dark matter constituted of two essentially mass degenerate Dirac fermions. The Xenon-1T excess is computed via the inelastic exothermic scattering of the heavier dark fermion from a bound electron in xenon to the lighter dark fermion producing the observed excess events in the recoil electron energy. The model can be tested with further data from Xenon-1T and in future experiments such as SuperCDMS.
The acute effects of alcohol on state rumination in the laboratory
Authors: Mollaahmetoglu O. Merve , Palmer Edward , Maschauer Emily , Nolan Melissa C. , Stevens Tobias , Carlyle Molly , Hardy Lorna , Watkins Edward R. , Morgan Celia J. A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRationaleRumination is a repetitive, negative, self-focused thinking style associated with various forms of psychopathology. Recent studies suggest that rumination increases craving for alcohol and predicts harmful drinking and alcohol-related problems. However, the acute effects of alcohol on rumination have not been previously studied. It is proposed that alcohol may reduce ruminative thinking through decreasing negative mood.ObjectivesIn the present study, we aimed to test the previously unexplored effects of acute alcohol consumption on rumination in a hazardous drinking population.MethodsWe conducted a randomised placebo-controlled laboratory study to examine the effect of low (0.4 g kg−1) and high doses (0.8 g kg−1) of alcohol on state rumination compared to placebo. Participants completed a rumination induction task prior to receiving drinks. We then measured state rumination and mood at repeated time points; 30 min, 60 min and 90 min post-drinks consumption.ResultsWe found a significant decrease in state rumination in the low-dose alcohol group compared to placebo at 30 min post-alcohol consumption, but no difference was observed between the high-dose alcohol and placebo groups. Mediation analysis provided evidence for an indirect effect of alcohol on state rumination through concurrent changes in negative mood.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that acute alcohol consumption can regulate negative mood and concurrently rumination, providing preliminary evidence for the role of rumination in alcohol use disorders. Rumination may be a treatment target in alcohol use disorders.
We Asked the Experts: The WHO Surgical Safety Checklist and the COVID‐19 Pandemic: Recommendations for Content and Implementation Adaptations
Authors: Panda Nikhil , Etheridge James C. , Singh Takshveer , Sonnay Yves , Molina George , Burian Barbara K. , Capo‐Chichi Nina , Cauley Christy E. , de Beer David A. H. , Derbew Miliard , Dias Roger D. , Fearon Mary C. , Feyssa Mekdes Daba , Hagen Kathryn , Kumar Manoj , Mammo Tihitena Negussie , Mariano Edward R. , Merry Alan , Mushayandebvu Barbara , Nabukenya Mary T. , Shah Milind , Spruce Lisa , Weiser Thomas G. , Brindle Mary E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs surgical systems are forced to adapt and respond to new challenges, so should the patient safety tools within those systems. We sought to determine how the WHO SSC might best be adapted during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Methods18 Panelists from five continents and multiple clinical specialties participated in a three‐round modified Delphi technique to identify potential recommendations, assess agreement with proposed recommendations and address items not meeting consensus.ResultsFrom an initial 29 recommendations identified in the first round, 12 were identified for inclusion in the second round. After discussion of recommendations without consensus for inclusion or exclusion, four additional recommendations were added for an eventual 16 recommendations. Nine of these recommendations were related to checklist content, while seven recommendations were related to implementation.ConclusionsThis multinational panel has identified 16 recommendations for sites looking to use the surgical safety checklist during the COVID‐19 pandemic. These recommendations provide an example of how the SSC can adapt to meet urgent and emerging needs of surgical systems by targeting important processes and encouraging critical discussions.
Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Phage SaGU1 that Infects Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates from Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Shimamori Yuzuki , Pramono Ajeng K. , Kitao Tomoe , Suzuki Tohru , Aizawa Shin-ichi , Kubori Tomoko , Nagai Hiroki , Takeda Shigeki , Ando Hiroki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, which colonizes healthy human skin, may cause diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). Treatment for such AD cases involves antibiotic use; however, alternate treatments are preferred owing to the development of antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to characterize the novel bacteriophage SaGU1 as a potential agent for phage therapy to treat S. aureus infections. SaGU1 that infects S. aureus strains previously isolated from the skin of patients with AD was screened from sewage samples in Gifu, Japan. Its genome was sequenced and analyzed using bioinformatics tools, and the morphology, lytic activity, stability, and host range of the phage were determined. The SaGU1 genome was 140,909 bp with an average GC content of 30.2%. The viral chromosome contained 225 putative protein-coding genes and four tRNA genes, carrying neither toxic nor antibiotic resistance genes. Electron microscopy analysis revealed that SaGU1 belongs to the Myoviridae family. Stability tests showed that SaGU1 was heat-stable under physiological and acidic conditions. Host range testing revealed that SaGU1 can infect a broad range of S. aureus clinical isolates present on the skin of AD patients, whereas it did not kill strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis, which are symbiotic resident bacteria on human skin. Hence, our data suggest that SaGU1 is a potential candidate for developing a phage therapy to treat AD caused by pathogenic S. aureus.
Forkhead transcription factor Fkh1: insights into functional regulatory domains crucial for recruitment of Sin3 histone deacetylase complex
Authors: Aref Rasha , Sanad Marwa N. M. E. , Schüller Hans-Joachim 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTranscription factors are inextricably linked with histone deacetylases leading to compact chromatin. The Forkhead transcription factor Fkh1 is mainly a negative transcriptional regulator which affects cell cycle control, silencing of mating-type cassettes and induction of pseudohyphal growth in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Markedly, Fkh1 impinges chromatin architecture by recruiting large regulatory complexes. Implication of Fkh1 with transcriptional corepressor complexes remains largely unexplored. In this work we show that Fkh1 directly recruits corepressors Sin3 and Tup1 (but not Cyc8), providing evidence for its influence on epigenetic regulation. We also identified the specific domain of Fkh1 mediating Sin3 recruitment and substantiated that amino acids 51–125 of Fkh1 bind PAH2 of Sin3. Importantly, this part of Fkh1 overlaps with its Forkhead-associated domain (FHA). To analyse this domain in more detail, selected amino acids were replaced by alanine, revealing that hydrophobic amino acids L74 and I78 are important for Fkh1-Sin3 binding. In addition, we could prove Fkh1 recruitment to promoters of cell cycle genes CLB2 and SWI5. Notably, Sin3 is also recruited to these promoters but only in the presence of functional Fkh1. Our results disclose that recruitment of Sin3 to Fkh1 requires precisely positioned Fkh1/Sin3 binding sites which provide an extended view on the genetic control of cell cycle genes CLB2 and SWI5 and the mechanism of transcriptional repression by modulation of chromatin architecture at the G2/M transition.
Shear cutting induced residual stresses in involute gears and resulting tooth root bending strength of a fineblanked gear
Authors: Müller Daniel , Stahl Jens , Nürnberger Anian , Golle Roland , Tobie Thomas , Volk Wolfram , Stahl Karsten 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe manufacturing of case-hardened gears usually consists of several complex and expensive steps to ensure high load carrying capacity. The load carrying capacity for the main fatigue failure modes pitting and tooth root breakage can be increased significantly by increasing the near surface compressive residual stresses. In earlier publications, different shear cutting techniques, the near-net-shape-blanking processes (NNSBP’s), were investigated regarding a favorable residual stress state. The influence of the process parameters on the amount of clean cut, surface roughness, hardness and residual stresses was investigated. Furthermore, fatigue bending tests were carried out using C-shaped specimens. This paper reports about involute gears that are manufactured by fineblanking. This NNSBP was identified as suitable based on the previous research, because it led to a high amount of clean cut and favorable residual stresses. For the fineblanked gears of S355MC (1.0976), the die edge radii were varied and the effects on the cut surface geometry, hardness distribution, surface roughness and residual stresses are investigated. The accuracy of blanking the gear geometry is measured, and the tooth root bending strength is determined in a pulsating test rig according to standardized testing methods. It is shown that it is possible to manufacture gears by fineblanking with a high precision comparable to gear hobbing. Additionally, the cut surface properties lead to an increased tooth root bending strength.