bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomolecule Release from Alginate Composite Hydrogels Triggered by Logically Processed Signals
Authors: Massana Roquero Daniel , McCorduck Brandon , Bollella Paolo , Smutok Oleh , Melman Artem , Katz Evgeny 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlginate composite hydrogels that exhibit highly sensitive stimuli‐responsive behavior were used for signal‐stimulated release of pre‐loaded insulin. The alginate pores, particularly located at the periphery, were blocked by interpenetration of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cross‐linked with 1,3‐benzenediboronic acid (IPN), thus, significantly reducing uncontrolled leakage of the entrapped biomolecules. The beads were loaded with insulin and various enzymes mimicking different Boolean logic gates (AND, OR, NOR, IMP, INHIB). The enzymes were activated with biologically relevant input signals applied in four logic combinations: 0,0; 1,0; 0,1; 1,1, having the production of H2O2 as the result of the biocatalytic reactions. The “successful” combination of the input signals leading to the H2O2 production was different for different logic gates, following the corresponding truth tables of the logic gates. When H2O2 was produced, boronate ester bonds were oxidized and the IPN was irreversibly degraded, thus re‐opening the original pores of the hydrogel. This process allowed release of insulin from the alginate beads. The smart soft material that we have developed tackled well‐known limitations of these systems and it may prove valuable in future medical diagnostics or treatments.
Tree/link method for transfer function and stability analysis of switched‐capacitor circuits
Authors: Dinesh G. , J Kailath Binsu 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThe wide spread application of switched‐capacitor circuits has resulted in complex structures wherein the derivation of transfer function in discrete form is not quite straight forward. A computer‐aided tool for direct transfer function analysis of switched‐capacitor circuits using state formulation method is proposed in this paper. The state equation matrices are directly constructed from the circuit topology using tree/link analysis. The entire topology is formulated only using cutset equations to obtain the state matrices without any modifications. The discretized topological state matrices are used to generate the transfer function in z form by forward substitution of state equation in successive clock phase. Lyapunov criteria‐based matrix equation constructed using the same state matrix is used to investigate the circuit stability. The formulation is also suitable in addressing the effect of non‐idealities like switch resistance and finite gain of operational amplifiers, on the location of poles and zeros. Various numerical examples have been presented to demonstrate the performance of the simulator.
Stromatolites and calcitized evaporite in a hypersaline playa lake: Rossport Formation (Mesoproterozoic, Ontario)
Authors: Bartley Julie K. , Firmin Sydney M. , Berger John T. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
The Mesoproterozoic Rossport Formation of Ontario, Canada is generally interpreted as having been deposited in an intracratonic basin, most probably a rift‐related lake. While the Rossport, overall, is dominated by sandstone and shale, the Middlebrun Bay Member, in the middle of the formation, is a carbonate unit. The Middlebrun Bay Member, in exposures on the Channel Islands and along the north Shore of Lake Superior, consists most commonly of cherty, dolomitic microbial laminites and low‐relief columnar to conical forms. In contrast to typical outcrops, the Middlebrun Bay Member on Copper Island expresses as a massive, coarsely crystalline limestone unit, devoid of stromatolites or microbial laminae. Several features suggest dissolution and replacement of a primary, soluble phase such as an evaporite mineral. The top of the unit is marked by evidence of dissolution and collapse, including large sandstone clasts let down from the overlying bed. At petrographic scale, the Copper Island Carbonate comprises millimetre‐scale anhedral spar with abundant stylolites and concentration of insoluble material at grain boundaries, indicating recrystallization from a previous phase. Geochemical data from Copper Island and from correlative stromatolitic carbonate on Channel Island and mainland Ontario are consistent with hypersaline conditions, with elevated concentrations of carbonate‐associated sulphate, V and Ba. Based on these data, the massive carbonate exposed on Copper Island is interpreted as a calcitized evaporite, probably deposited originally as gypsum, and replaced by calcite during diagenesis. These data support previous work suggesting that the Middlebrun Bay interval was deposited during a period of increased aridity and low clastic influx, and further suggest that this restricted, hypersaline lake precipitated both carbonate and gypsum, comparable to modern arid playa lakes.
A Novel Redox‐free Immunosensor Concept Based on Cobalt Phthalocyanine@carbon Nanotubes Pseudocapacitor for Cardiac B‐type Natriuretic Peptide Detection
Authors: Landim Vicente P. A. , Silva Bárbara V. M. , Sobral Filho Dário C. , Dutra Rosa F. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractB‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a selective biomarker for cardiac diagnosis and prognosis of patients with cardiac insufficiency or heart failure, which means the pump function of cardiac muscle is reduced. A pseudocapacitive immunosensor was developed based on faradaic currents generated by a reduction‐reaction with a metallocyanine modified‐carbon nanotube surface. This technique is based on changes in interface by antigen‐antibody interactions, which perturbs the dependent‐diffusion potential reducing the charge transfers proportionally to the BNP captured. This new concept allows new perspectives for point‐of‐care tests since it is simpler and faster to manage with direct measurements of samples than conventional immunosensors.
Experimental investigation of the effects of ethanol‐diesel mixture on the performance and emissions of the thermal barrier coated diesel engine
Authors: Gürbüz Hüseyin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, the effects of thermal barrier coating (TBC) and diesel‐ethanol mixture fuel on carcinogenic and greenhouse‐causing harmful emissions from diesel engines were experimentally investigated. In the first stage, the combustion chamber parts of the single cylinder diesel engine were coated with ceramic Al2O3TiO2 material with low thermal conductivity. Plasma spray method was used as the coating method. Then, coated and uncoated engines were run on diesel fuel. In the second stage, ethanol‐diesel mixture containing 5% ethanol E5 (v/v) was used in both engines. In both stages, the engines were operated at full load and at different engine speeds and compared in terms of emissions and performance. Combustion improved as the effect of the increased in‐cylinder temperature thanks to the low heat transfer with TBC. Therefore, an increase in engine power occurred. However, when E5 fuel was used in the TBC engine, the engine power decreased slightly. In the coated engine, HC and CO emissions have been significantly reduced. NOx emission increased with the effect of the thermal barrier coating, but decreased by 18% with the addition of ethanol in the TBC engine due to lower calorific value of ethanol.
Fragility curves and seismic demand hazard analysis of rocking walls restrained with elasto‐plastic ties
Authors: Solarino Fabio , Giresini Linda 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe dynamic stability of out‐of‐plane masonry walls can be assessed through non‐linear dynamic analysis (rocking analysis), accounting for transverse walls, horizontal diaphragms and tie‐rods. Steel tie‐rods are widely spread in historical constructions to prevent dangerous overturning mechanisms and can be simulated by proper elasto‐plastic models. Conventionally, design guidelines suggest intensity‐based assessment methods, where the seismic demand distribution directly depends upon the selected intensity measure level. Fragility analysis could also be employed as a more advanced procedure able to assess the seismic vulnerability in a probabilistic manner. The boundedness of this approach is herein overcome by applying a robust stochastic seismic performance assessment to obtain seismic demand hazard curves. A sensitivity study is carried out to account for the influence of wall geometry, the minimum number of seismic inputs, and the mechanical parameters of tie‐rods. Fragility analysis, prior to seismic demand hazard analysis is applied on over 6000 analyses, revealing that intensity measures are poorly correlated both for 1‐D and 2‐D correlation, hardly leading to the selection of the optimal intensity measure. The tie‐rod ductility, followed by its axial strength and wall size, is the mechanical parameter mostly influencing the results, whereas the wall slenderness does not play a significant role in the probabilistic response.
Pholidota longipesS.C.Chen & Z.H.Tsi, a new addition for Flora of Vietnam
Authors: Dang Minh Quan , Ormerod Paul , Bui Van Huong , Truong Quang Tam , Duong Minh Tam Thao Ngoc , Dang Van Son , Truong Ba Vuong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecent fieldwork in Ha Giang province, Northern Vietnam resulted in the collection ofPholidota longipes, a species only known in South‐Central China. Thus, we herein report the first record of the species for the Orchid Flora of Vietnam. Morphological description and illustrations based on living collected materials, data on phenology, geographical distribution, and taxonomic notes of related species are presented below. With this new record, Vietnam now holds a total number of 16 Pholidota species.
The impact of stream‐groundwater exchange on seasonal nitrate loads in an urban stream
Authors: Beltran Julio , Lautz Laura K. , Slosson John R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUrbanization negatively impacts water quality in streams by reducing stream‐groundwater interactions, which can reduce a stream's capacity to naturally attenuate nitrate. Meadowbrook Creek, a first order urban stream in Syracuse, New York, has an inverse urbanization gradient, with heavily urbanized headwaters that are disconnected from the floodplain and downstream reaches that have intact riparian floodplains and connection to riparian aquifers. This system allows assessment of how stream‐groundwater interactions in urban streams impact the net sources and sinks of nitrate at the reach scale. We used continuous (15‐min) streamflow measurements and weekly grab samples at three gauging stations positioned longitudinally along the creek to develop continuous nitrate load estimates at the inlet and outlet of two contrasting reaches. Nitrate load estimates were determined using a USGS linear regression model, RLOADEST, and differences between loads at the inlet and outlet of contrasting reaches were used to quantify nitrate sink and source behaviour year‐round. We observed a nitrate load of 1.4 × 104 kg NO3− per water year, on average, at the outlet of the urbanized reach while the nitrate load at the outlet of the downstream, connected reach was 1.0 × 104 kg NO3− per water year, on average. We found the more heavily urbanized, hydrologically‐disconnected reach was a net source of nitrate regardless of season. In contrast, stream‐groundwater exchange caused the hydrologically connected reach to be both a source and sink for nitrate, depending on time of year. Both reaches alter nitrate source and sink behaviour at various spatiotemporal scales. Groundwater connection in the downstream, connected reach reduces annual nitrate loads and provides more opportunities for sources and sinks of nitrate year‐round than the hydrologically disconnected stream reach. Mechanisms include groundwater discharge into the stream with variable nitrate concentrations, surface‐water groundwater interactions that foster denitrification, and stream load loss to surrounding near‐stream aquifers. This study emphasizes how loads are important in understanding how stream‐groundwater interactions impact reach scale nitrate export in urban streams.
A molecular explanation of cardiovascular protection through abnormal cannabidiol: Involving the dysfunctional β‐adrenergic and ATP‐sensitive K+ channel activity in cardiovascular compromised preterm infants
Authors: Hassan Almalki Waleed , Alzahrani Abdulaziz , Mahmoud El‐Daly Mahmoud El‐Sayed , Faissal Fadel Ahmed Al‐S Haimaa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGrowing cannabis efficacy, usage frequency, legal supply, and declining awareness of danger recently led to expanded United States cannabis exposure. In turn, cannabis use among elderly people over 50 has more than tripled in a decade and has contributed toward a positive association of cannabis use with pathological conditions, which include type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, neurovascular and cardiovascular disease. Remarkably, all these outcome results are mediated by the involvement of the ATP‐sensitive K+ channel. Cardiovascular compromise is a common syndrome in preterm infants that leads to incidence and death and has been distinguished by poor systemic flow or hypotension. Conditions of cardiovascular compromise include vasodysregulation and myocardial malfunction through dysfunctional β‐adrenergic activity. To avoid organ hypoperfusion progressing to tissue hypoxia‐ischemia, inotropic drugs are used. Many premature children, however, respond insufficiently to inotropic activity with adrenergic agonists. The clinical disturbance including myocardial dysfunction through the activation of the ATP‐sensitive K+ channel is often involved and the comparative efficacy of the nonpsychotropic cannabinoid, abnormal cannabidiol (Abn‐CBD) is not yet known. Therefore, our primary aim was to investigate the molecular exploration of the cannabinoid system specifically Abn‐CBD in cardiovascular protection involving dysregulated KATP.
Effect of vitamin B6on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity
Authors: Turkyilmaz Ismet Burcu , Altas Nilay , Arisan Inci , Yanardag Refiye 
Published: July 2021

AbstractValproic acid (VPA) is an efficient antiepileptic drug widely used for the treatment of epilepsy and other seizures in both children and adults. It is also reported to have side and toxic effects on many organs and tissues. Vitamin B6(Vit B6) is a well‐described water‐soluble vitamin, which has an antioxidant effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of Vit B6on VPA‐induced brain injury. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Group I, control animals; Group II, Vit B6(50 mg/kg/day) given rats; Group III, VPA (500 mg/kg/day) given rats; Group IV, VPA and Vit B6given rats at same dose and time. VPA and Vit B6were administered intraperitoneally and orally, respectively, for 7 days. At the end of the experiments, the rats were sacrificed and brain tissues were taken. Protein carbonyl and sialic acid levels, xanthine oxidase, adenosine deaminase, acetylcholine esterase, lactate dehydrogenase, myeloperoxidase activities, total oxidant status, and reactive oxygen species levels were found to be increased, while glutathione and total antioxidant capacity levels, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione‐S‐transferase, paraoxonase, and glutathione reductase activities were found to be decreased in the VPA group. Administration of Vit B6reversed these defects in the VPA group. These findings indicate that Vit B6has a protective effect on VPA‐induced brain damage.
Expelled from Eden: How human beings turned planet Earth into a hostile place
Authors: de França Sá Ana Luiza , Lino Bernardes Victor 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe focus of this article is the mind–body problem in mainstream modern psychology examined from a decolonial perspective. The construction of the idea of the separation of mind and body is a seminal point of division of labor in the history of modern capitalism. This division perpetuated by the mind–body dualism idea was necessary to justify the enslavement of some and employment to others. Colonization processes have had profound importance on the mind, feelings, behaviors, and political settings. Throughout its history, the subject treated in EuroAmerican psychology has sought to deal with the mind–body problem as an individual, a separate entity, not as part of the psyche as a whole. A new perspective where the mind and body play an intertwined role is necessary considering subjectivity in a cultural‐historical approach. The subjective level is defined by the unification between symbolical and emotional cultural processes. The body (emotions) operates in conjunction with the culture and, when amalgamated, constitutes what we entitle as subjectivity. An ontology defines the assumptions that lie under a cosmovision and sustains a way of seeing, feeling, thinking, and acting with oneself, others, and the whole living world. It is what defines the real. The trajectory of this paper is an invitation to shed light from a decolonial perspective on social inequality concerning the present crises of humanity. The consequences of social inequality expressed today indicate the difficulties created by the dichotomy of mind and body.
Large‐scale analysis reveals spatiotemporal circadian patterns of cilia transcriptomes in the primate brain
Authors: Baldi Pierre , Alhassen Wedad , Chen Siwei , Nguyen Henry , Khoudari Mohammad , Alachkar Amal 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCilia are dynamic subcellular systems, with core structural and functional components operating in a highly coordinated manner. Since many environmental stimuli sensed by cilia are circadian in nature, it is reasonable to speculate that genes encoding cilia structural and functional components follow rhythmic circadian patterns of expression. Using computational methods and the largest spatiotemporal gene expression atlas of primates, we identified and analyzed the circadian rhythmic expression of cilia genes across 22 primate brain areas. We found that around 73% of cilia transcripts exhibited circadian rhythmicity across at least one of 22 brain regions. In 12 brain regions, cilia transcriptomes were significantly enriched with circadian oscillating transcripts, as compared to the rest of the transcriptome. The phase of the cilia circadian transcripts deviated from the phase of the majority of the background circadian transcripts, and transcripts coding for cilia basal body components accounted for the majority of cilia circadian transcripts. In addition, adjacent or functionally connected brain nuclei had large overlapping complements of circadian cilia genes. Most remarkably, cilia circadian transcripts shared across the basal ganglia nuclei and the prefrontal cortex peaked in these structures in sequential fashion that is similar to the sequential order of activation of the basal ganglia‐cortical circuitry in connection with movement coordination, albeit on completely different timescales. These findings support a role for the circadian spatiotemporal orchestration of cilia gene expression in the normal physiology of the basal ganglia‐cortical circuit and motor control. Studying orchestrated cilia rhythmicity in the basal ganglia‐cortical circuits and other brain circuits may help develop better functional models, and shed light on the causal effects cilia functions have on these circuits and on the regulation of movement and other behaviors.
Rapid tumor‐labeling kinetics with a site‐specific near‐infrared anti‐CEA nanobody in a patient‐derived orthotopic xenograft mouse model of colon cancer
Authors: Lwin Thinzar M. , Turner Michael A. , Amirfakhri Siamak , Nishino Hiroto , Debie Pieterjan , Cosman Bard C. , Hoffman Robert M. , Hernot Sophie , Bouvet Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesNanobodies are the smallest biologic antigen‐binding fragments derived from camelid‐derived antibodies. Nanobodies effect a peak tumor signal within minutes of injection and present a novel opportunity for fluorescence‐guided surgery (FGS). The present study demonstrates the efficacy of an anti‐CEA nanobody conjugated to near‐infrared fluorophore LICOR‐IRDye800CW for rapid intraoperative tumor labeling of colon cancer.MethodsLS174T human colon cancer cells or fragments of patient‐derived colon cancer were implanted subcutaneously or orthotopically in nude mice. Anti‐CEA nanobodies were conjugated with IRDye800CW and 1–3 nmol were injected intravenously. Mice were serially imaged over time. Peak fluorescence signal and tumor‐to‐background ratio (TBR) were recorded.ResultsColon cancer tumors were detectable using fluorescent anti‐CEA nanobody within 5 min of injection at all three doses. Maximal fluorescence intensity was observed within 15 min–3 h for all three doses with TBR values ranging from 1.3 to 2.3. In the patient‐derived model of colon cancer, fluorescence was detectable with a TBR of 4.6 at 3 h.ConclusionsFluorescent anti‐CEA nanobodies rapidly and specifically labeled colon cancer in cell‐line‐based and patient‐derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models. The kinetics of nanobodies allow for same day administration and imaging. Anti‐CEA‐nb‐800 is a promising and practical molecule for FGS of colon cancer.
Journal hijacking: Challenges and potential solutions
Authors: Moussa Salim 
Published: July 2021

Key points
Hijacked journals mimic the name (and the ISSN) of a reputable journal with the sole purpose of financial exploitation.
A hijacked journal is an even more pernicious scam than a predatory journal.
Grounded in stakeholder theory, this opinion piece indicates that the hijackers are the sole stakeholder group that benefits from journal hijacking.
Hijacked journals will continue to menace scholarly research and publishing unless all stakeholders take specific and coordinated actions against them.
Toward a reliable assessment of potential ecological impacts of deep‐sea polymetallic nodule mining on abyssal infauna
Authors: Lins Lidia , Zeppilli Daniela , Menot Lénaïck , Michel Loïc N. , Bonifácio Paulo , Brandt Miriam , Pape Ellen , Rossel Sven , Uhlenkott Katja , Macheriotou Lara , Bezerra Tania Nara , Sánchez Nuria , Alfaro‐Lucas Joan M. , Martínez Arbizu Pedro , Kaiser Stefanie , Murakami Chisato , Vanreusel Ann 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe increasing demand for metals is pushing forward the progress of deep‐sea mining industry. The abyss between the Clarion and Clipperton Fracture Zones (CCFZ), a region holding a higher concentration of minerals than land deposits, is the most targeted area for the exploration of polymetallic nodules worldwide, which may likely disturb the seafloor across large areas and over many years. Effects from nodule extraction cause acute biodiversity loss of organisms inhabiting sediments and polymetallic nodules. Attention to deep‐sea ecosystems and their services has to be considered before mining starts but the lack of basic scientific knowledge on the methodologies for the ecological surveys of fauna in the context of deep‐sea mining impacts is still scarce. We review the methodology to sample, process and investigate metazoan infauna both inhabiting sediments and nodules dwelling on these polymetallic‐nodule areas. We suggest effective procedures for sampling designs, devices and methods involving gear types, sediment processing, morphological and genetic identification including metabarcoding and proteomic fingerprinting, the assessment of biomass, functional traits, fatty acids, and stable isotope studies within the CCFZ based on both first‐hand experiences and literature. We recommend multi‐ and boxcorers for the quantitative assessments of meio‐ and macrofauna, respectively. The assessment of biodiversity at species level should be focused and/or the combination of morphological with metabarcoding or proteomic fingerprinting techniques. We highlight that biomass, functional traits, and trophic markers may provide critical insights for biodiversity assessments and how statistical modeling facilitates predicting patterns spatially across point‐source data and is essential for conservation management.