bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of the Risk Factors Associated With Anti-Tuberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury or Abnormal Liver Functioning in 757 Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Zhong Tao , Fan Yuzheng , Dong Xiao-Li , Guo Xujun , Wong Ka Hing , Wong Wing-tak , He Daihai , Liu Shengyuan 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: To identify the risk factors associated with anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (AT-DILI) or abnormal living functioning from 757 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) registered at Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control (Nanshan CCDC), Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.Design and methods: We identified 757 TB patients who met our inclusion criteria by screening the Hospital Information System (HIS) at Nanshan CCDC. Next, we identified positive cases of AT-DILI or abnormal liver functioning based on results of the first-time liver function tests (LFTs) after taking anti-TB drugs. The χ2 test was used to relate the positive rate with a variety of factors. A logistic regression model was also used to identify statistically significant risk factors.Results: Of the 757 patients, the positive rate of AT-DILI or abnormal liver functioning was 37.9% (287/757). Univariate analysis revealed that the positive rate was 42.91% (212/494) for males and 28.52% (75/263) for females. The positive rate was significantly higher in males (p &lt;0.001). Patients with an annual income of 9,231–13,845 USD had a significantly higher positive rate (67.35%; 33/49) than those with an income of 1,540–4616 USD (37.97%; 30/79) (p = 0.022). The most frequent prescription regime among positive cases was a 2 months supply of fixed dose combination Ethambutol Hydrochloride, Pyrazinamide, Rifampicin and Isoniazid Tablets (Ⅱ) 450 mg) followed by a 4 months supply of fixed dose combination Rifampin and Isoniazid Capsules (2FDC-HRZE half/4FDC-HR) at 56.03% (144/257). The least frequent prescription regime was a 2 months supply of fixed dose combination Rifampin, Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide Capsules with Ethambutol independently followed by a 4 months supply of fixed dose combination Rifampin and Isoniazid Capsules (2FDC-HRZ + EMB/4FDC-HR) at 24.27% (25/103). The difference between these two different regimes was significant (p = 0.022). With an increase in the duration of medication, patients under various prescription regimes all showed a gradual increase in the positive rate of AT-DILI or abnormal liver functioning.Conclusion: We identified several risk factors for the occurrence of AT-DILI or abnormal liver functioning, including gender, annual income, prescription regime, dosage, and treatment time.
Induction of Mitosis Delay and Apoptosis by CDDO-TFEA in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Tsai Tai-Hsin , Lieu Ann-Shung , Huang Tzuu-Yuan , Kwan Aij-Lie , Lin Chih-Lung , Hsu Yi-Chiang 
Published: November 2021

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the vicious malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite advances multi-disciplinary treatment, GBM constinues to have a poor overall survival. CDDO-trifluoroethyl-amide (CDDO-TEFA), a trifluoroethylamidederivative of CDDO, is an Nrf2/ARE pathway activator. CDDO-TEFEA is used to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in glioma cells. However, it not clear what effect it may have on tumorigenesis in GBM.Methods: This in vitro study evaluated the effects of CDDO-TFEA on GBM cells. To do this, we treated GBM8401 cell lines with CDDO-TFEA and assessed apoptosis, cell cycle. DNA content and induction of apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry and protein expression by Western blot analysis.Results: CDDO-TFEA significantly inhibited the cell viability and induced cell apoptosis on GBM 8401 cell line. The annexin-FITC/PI assay revealed significant changes in the percentage of apoptotic cells. Treatment with CDDO-TFEA led to a significant reduction in the GBM8401 cells’ mitochondrial membrane potential. A significant rise in the percentage of caspase-3 activity was detected in the treated cells. In addition, treatment with CDDO-TFEA led to an accumulation of G2/M-phase cells. In addition, these results suggest that regarding increased protein synthesis during mitosis in the MPM-2 staining, indicative of a delay in the G2 checkpoint. An analysis of Cyclin B1, CDK1, Cyclin B1/CDK1 complex and CHK1 and CHK2 expression suggested that cell cycle progression seems also to be regulated by CDDO-TFEA. Therefore, CDDO-TFEA may not only induce cell cycle G2/M arrest, it may also exert apoptosis in established GBM cells.Conclusion: CDDO-TFEA can inhibit proliferation, cell cycle progression and induce apoptosis in GBM cells in vitro, possibly though its inhibition of Cyclin B1, CDK1 expression, and Cyclin B1/CDK1 association and the promotion of CHK1 and CHK2 expression.
Socioeconomic Determinants of Diet Quality on Overweight and Obesity in Adults Aged 40–59 Years in Inner Mongolia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Su Yuenan , Du Sha , Yang Min , Wu Jing , Lu Haiwen , Wang Xuemei 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship of socioeconomic status (SES), diet quality and overweight and obesity in adults aged 40–59 years in Inner Mongolia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the survey of Chronic Disease and Nutrition Monitoring in Adults in Inner Mongolia in 2015. Diet quality was evaluated by the Alternate Mediterranean Diet score (aMeds). SES was measured by household annual income. Generalized estimating equations and path analysis were performed to determine the association of SES, diet quality and overweight and obesity.Results: Among participants, 63.0% had overweight and obesity. In high SES group, 66.4% had overweight and obesity. Higher SES was associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity (OR = 1.352, 95%CI: 1.020–1.793). And higher aMeds was associated with a lower risk of overweight and obesity (OR = 0.597, 95%CI: 0.419–0.851). There was a positive correlation between SES and the intake of red and processed meat (r = 0.132, p &lt; 0.05). Higher intake of red and processed meat was associated with lower diet quality (β = −0.34). And lower diet quality was associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity (β = −0.10).Conclusion: In Inner Mongolia, during the period of economic transition, people aged 40–59 years in high SES had poor diet quality, which was related to a higher risk of overweight and obesity.
Mechanical and tribological properties of nano-sized Al2O3 particles on ADC12 alloy composites with Strontium modifier produced by stir casting method
Authors: Muhammad Wira Akira  , Haritsah Hanuna , Anne Zulfia  , Prajatelistia Ekavianti 
Published: November 2021

Nano-Al2O3 particles were incorporated into ADC12 alloy with the addition of Al-5Ti-B, Al-Sr, and Mg to achieve high performance in mechanical and tribological properties. In this study, varied nano-Al2O3 was used from 0.25 vf-% to 0.5 vf-% through stir casting methods to discover the optimum amount to obtain high performance. Besides, the inclusion of grain refiner Al-5Ti-B and microstructure modifier Al-Sr is expected to improve performance to the next level. However, porosity and agglomeration still be a concern in Aluminum alloy matrix composite fabrication. The presence of spinel phase MgAl2O4 in the interface area between nano-Al2O3 particles and ADC12 alloy is relied upon to minimize this porosity and agglomeration issue. The optimum of tensile strength and hardness was found at 0.35 vf-% Al2O3 and wear rate at 0.4 vf%. Although, the optimum point of wear found at 0.4 vf%, porosity began to increase at 0.4 vf% as well. As a result, 0.35 vf% addition of the nano-Al2O3 gives the best performance for the composite.
A Prospective Study of Safety Profile and Efficacy of three doses of Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Y Nasrin , Ajay Sharma , Yalakala Sharmila 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Current study aimed to evaluate efficacy of intravitreal Bevacizumab in Diabetic macular edema, and to identify their ocular and systemic complications if any.
Method: It is a prospective, interventional study with 68 patients in 82 eyes with Diabetic macular edema. All treated by 3 injection of intravitreal bevacizumab with 1 month interval. Visual acuity, macular edema, and complications evaluated at every month upto 6th months. Ranibizumab was offered if the patient is a non-respondent to Bevacizumab.
Results: Majority age group of 61-70 years with a mean age of 59 ± 6.72 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 11.68 ± 7.2 years. The mean baseline BCVA and CRT are 0.64 ± 0.28 Log MAR units and 436.99 ± 135.10 μm. After 3 injections, BCVA values are 0.48±0.27 (p< 0.01)), 0.36±0.24 (p<0.01)), and 0.27±0.24 (p<0.01), 0.23±0.27 Log MAR (p<0.01)) at 1month, 2 months, and 3 months, and 6 months follow-up respectively. CMT levels are 315.79±124.60 μ at 1 month, after 3rd IVA and this significant change (p<0.01) followed with subsequent follow-up with mean CRT of 296.04±122.97 μ (p< 0.01) at 6th month. The BCVA improved ≥ 2 Snellen lines in 69.5% and 78% cases, resolution of CMT in 56% and 69.5% cases at 3 months and 6 months respectively. At the end of the 3rd month, 46 eyes macular edema completely resolved with 3 injections of IVA, 23 eyes persistent macular edema present, 13 eyes refractory to bevacizumab injections. Persistent & Refractory macular edema eyes (36) switched to Ranibizumab injections.In persistent macular edema, significant resolution (p≤0.01) of macular thickness (370.52 ± 71.43 µm vs. 341.08 ± 122.75 µm) without (p=0.09) improvement in visual acuity (0.45 ± 0.20 vs. 0.34 ± 0.23) was observed post Ranibizumab injections. In Refractory macular edema, thickness of cases no significant (497.76 ± 161.07µm vs 407.84 ± 169.64 µm) improvement seen after Ranibizumab injections(p=0.1). Recurrence of macular edema seen in 10.9%. Subconjunctival haemorrhage seen in 10.9%-12.1% cases, raised IOP in 2.4%-3.6% cases at post injection day 1. No other ocular and systemic complications were observed during follow-up.
Conclusions: Intravitreal bevacizumab is effective in treatment of diabetic macular edema but therapeutic effect is temporary and repeat treatment is needed. It does not show any potential drug related ocular and systemic side effects, hence it is safe and economical therapeutic agent
Pemberdayaan Anak-Anak Panti Asuhan melalui Edukasi dan Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Cair Antiseptik
Authors: Jayanti Meilani , Sumantri Surya , Jayanto Imam , Siampa Jainer Pasca 
Published: November 2021

Panti asuhan yang merupakan lembaga sosial nirlaba, secara tidak langsung ikut mengalami dampak yang diakibatkan oleh adanya pandemi COVID-19. Banyak donatur yang mulai membatasi sumbangan yang diberikan ke panti-panti asuhan. Sedangkan, panti asuhan masih membutuhkan banyak biaya untuk keberlangsungan operasionalnya. Oleh karena itu, untuk membantu panti asuhan menjadi lebih mandiri dalam perekonomiannya, maka tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat dari Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Sam Ratulangi melaksanakan edukasi dan pelatihan pembuatan sabun cair antiseptik yang juga menjadi upaya pencegahan penularan COVID-19. Kegiatan ini dimulai dari tahap koordinasi, persiapan kegiatan, pelaksanaan penyuluhan, pelatihan pembuatan sabun cair antiseptik, serta evaluasi. Kegiatan ini memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada anak-anak di panti asuhan mengenai sabun cair antiseptik dengan pemberian edukasi tentang sabun, pelatihan pembuatan sabun cair, pengemasan hingga pemasaran, serta praktek cara cuci tangan yang benar. Pengetahuan dan keterampilan tersebut diharapkan dapat terus diimplementasikan oleh panti asuhan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan produktivitas ekonomi panti asuhan. Selain itu, produk sabun yang dihasilkan dapat dimanfaatkan dalam lingkungan panti asuhan sebagai upaya pencegahan penularan COVID-19.
RANCANG BANGUN GAME “WAR OF ALIENS WANOKUNI” MENERAPKAN METODE FSM (FINITE STATE MACHINE)
Authors: Bening Abimanyu Hyan , Achmadi Sentot , Ariwibisono  
Published: November 2021

Belajar dirumah sekarang digalakkan oleh pemerintah untuk menghetikan penyebaran covid 19 di Indonesia. Banyak kalangan dari anak- anak sampai usia dewasa menghibur diri dengan memainkan media hiburan seperti game atau dengan menonton flim. Media game disini terbagi dari beberapa Platform seperti mobile dan dekstop. Game juga untuk mengasah kesehatan tubuh seperti meningkatkan fokus, mengurangi depresi, melatih kesabaran.
Game “War Of Aliens Wanokuni” pada penetian ini adalah game dengan genre game pc / dekstop, yang dirancang dengan game engine Unity 2019 dan untuk perancangan asset-asset menggunkan Adobe Illustrator maupun Adobe Photoshop. Dengan menerapkan metode Finite State Machine (FSM) sebagai tingkah laku atau kecerdasan buatan yang ada pada karakter musuh maupun karakter utama. Yang dimana metode Finite State Machine mempunya 3 hal yaitu keadaan, kejadian, action. Untuk penerapan di player (NPC) Non-playable character.
Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan, peneliti menggunakan 11 responden. Didapat hasil bahwa perilaku (NPC) Non-playable character berjalan dengan baik berdasarkan perpindahan seperti diam(Idle), menyerang (attack), maupun mati(die). Dan responden menyatakan kontrol pemain ini berjalan dengan baik.
IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA BOYER MOORE PADA PENGEMBANGAN FIRST PERSON SHOOTER GAME TEBAK KATA
Authors: Prayoga Andrian , Panji Sasmito Agung , Rudhistiar Deddy 
Published: November 2021

Tebak kata merupakan permainan yang menuntut pemain guna menduga kata yang tersembunyi satu demi satu per karakternya. Sampai disaat ini, pertumbuhan game tebak telah jadi banyak varian serupa pencarian kata, teka teki silang, permainan ejaan, serta anagram. Dalam perihal ini buat memberikan sesuatu tantangan baru, pada riset ini hendak melakukan pengembangan First Person Shooter pada permainan tebak kata.
Pada pengembangan ini memakai algoritma pencarian string yang dikembangkan oleh Robert S. Boyer serta J. Strother Moore pada tahun 1977 yaitu algoritma Boyer- Moore. Studi yang dicoba yakni memandang berhasilnya Algoritma Boyer Moore dalam menerapkan pencocokkan kata.
Berdasarkan hasil pengembangan First Person Shooter pada game Tebak Kata. Melakukan pencarian pattern satu kata pada teks yang berisikan lebih dari satu kata kunci jawaban yang dicara pada game. Tersimpulkan bahwa algoritma Boyer Moore berhasil melakukan pencarian string sebagai kecerdasan buatan pada game.
IMPLEMENTASI IOT PADA VERTICAL GARDEN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FUZZY UNTUK MEMELIHARA TANAMAN KANGKUNG
Authors: Kurniawan William , Adi Wibowo Suryo , Rudhistiar Deddy 
Published: November 2021

Terbatasnya Lahan pertanian di Indonesia khususnya di perkotaan semakin banyak berkurang dan berubah fungsi di buktikan fungsi lahan pertanian yang menjadi perkantoran, perumahan, perindustrian, dan sector lainnya. Semua itu mendorong berbagai macam inovasi dalam bidang pertanian dengan perpaduan teknologi kea rah yang semakin modern, Untuk menjawab permasalah tersebut, Penelitian dan pengembangan telah di lakukan, salah satunya adalah menggunakan penanaman dengan sistem Hidroponik. Hidroponik adalah metode penanaman tanaman tanpa menggunakan media Tanah dalam proses pertumbuhannya. Pada sistem hidroponik aspek penting yang perlu di perhatikan adalah pengelolaan nutrisi dan Ph. Untuk pengelolaan Nutrisi penulis menggunakan Sensor TDS yang dingunakan untuk mengatur kepekatan larutan nutrisi dalam Satuan PPM dan Menggunakan Ph meter sensor untuk mengukur kadar ph air . Mikrokontroller yang digunakan adalah NodeMcu. Dengan penerapan teknologi IoT (Internet Of Things). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah mikroontroler berhasil berjalan dengan baik dengan Website dan database yang bisa melakukan komikasi serial dengan baik dan tepat. Sistem control dan monitoring Ph, Kepekatan dan pendeteksi ketersediaan air berjalan sesuai setpoint yang di tentukan oleh user, Nilai yang di dapat dari dari pengetesan sensor TDS memiliki rata rata error 2,97% artinya memiliki nilai error yang cukup kecil dan keangkurangan nilai rata rata 94% artinya sensor yang di ngunakan sudah berjalan dengan cukup baik User Interface yang digunakan sederhana dan mudah dimengerti.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGISIAN MINUMAN DAN MONITORING AIR GALON BERBASIS IOT (INTERNET OF THINGS)
Authors: Arniyanto Muhammad Dwi , Dedy Irawan Joseph , Santi Wahyuni Febriana 
Published: November 2021

Sebuah perkembangan sangat ini dituntut untuk mempermudah dalam melakukan pengawasan air galon ketika sudah habis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang suatu alat yang dapat memonitoring tingkat ketingguan air pada galon yang di pakai. Dalam membuat monitorng air galon menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonic dan dilakukan uji kelayakan alat itu sendiri. Alat yang di buat ini sebagai alternative bagi seseorang untuk mempermudah monitoring air galon di gedung, hotel dan tempat ibadah agar stok air minum di tempat tersebut tetap ada dan lebih efisien terhadap waktu. Sensor Ultrasonic merupakan sebuah sensor yang dapat mengukur ketinggian atau jarak suatu bidang dengan cara di tembakkan ke objeknya. Pada Buzzer digunakan untuk alarm ketika galon habis dan pada led RGB warna merah menunjukkan level low , biru sebagai medium dan warna hijau full. Penggunaan NodeMCU ini sebagai sarana untuk penghubung antara sensor ultrasonic dengan notifikasi telegram dan website monitoring sebagai sarana untuk mengecek status level berapa persen. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian pada notifikasi unit 1, unit 2 dan unit 3 dapat memudahkan untuk melakukan pengawasan melalui telegram. Memudahkan Melakukan Monitoring Menggunakan Website Air Galon pada Unit 1, Unit 2 Dan Unit 3 Agar dapat di control tingkat ketinggian air galon dan dijalankan dengan baik pada browser web dan alat ini dapat di tujukan pada fasilitas seperti hotel,perkantoran dan tempat ibadah. Alat ini dapat bekerja dengan baik, dapat dilihat dari alat yang digunakan seperti notifikasi telegram dan website monitoring di lakukan secara real time agar dapat di pantau terus sehinggan memudahkan dalam pengawasan ketika air galon habis.
Malaria por Plasmodium vivax o P. falciparum en hospital de tercer nivel en la región más endémica de Colombia
Authors: Carmona-Fonseca Jaime , Sánchez Yeliana Lucía , Yasnot María Fernanda 
Published: November 2021

Problema: en Colombia hay pocos informes sobre paludismo grave, en especial producidos bajo protocolos bien sustentados.
Objetivo: describir las características clínicas de pacientes del Hospital San Jerónimo (HSJ), de Montería, en 2009-2010, e identificar y cuantificar los síndromes clínicos graves.
Metodología: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal, de todos los pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico de paludismo.
Resultados: hubo 126 pacientes con paludismo en el HSJ; 74% fueron remitidos de municipios circunvecinos; Plasmodium vivax causó 60% de los casos; 54% fueron mujeres (29 de 68 embarazadas, es decir, con malaria gestacional); fueron pacientes jóvenes (23.3 ± 19.3 años); el promedio de evolución de su paludismo actual fue cuatro a cinco días; la parasitemia promedio al ingresar al HSJ fue 13 628 ± 26 790 parásitos/microlitro. La triada clásica de fiebre, escalofrío y cefalea se encuentra en al menos dos de cada tres pacientes al ingresar. El promedio de la hemoglobina indica anemia moderada. Los 126 pacientes aportaron 194 eventos de complicaciones. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron (porcentaje sobre 126 enfermos): trombocitopenia 76%; anemia (<7 g/dL de hemoglobina) 17%; falla renal 10%; falla hepática 10%; complicación cerebral (fiebre + convulsiones, sin coma: siete casos; fiebre + convulsiones + coma: un caso) 6%; cinco casos fueron por P. vivax, dos por P. falciparum y uno por ambas especies (mixta); falla de dos a tres sistemas 11%.
Conclusiones: se requiere adelantar estudios en Colombia sobre malaria grave que evalúen de manera integral los pacientes, con protocolos bien definidos, y que comparen criterios diagnósticos de gravedad y pautas de tratamiento para poder elaborar una norma autóctona sobre la materia
Les étudiants des catégories populaires face à la décohabitation familiale
Authors: Dietrich-Ragon Pascale 
Published: November 2021

Aujourd’hui, les jeunes figurent parmi les premières victimes de la crise du logement. À partir d’une enquête menée au Forum du logement étudiant et d’entretiens, cet article s’intéresse à la décohabitation des étudiants issus des catégories populaires en Île-de-France. Quels sont pour eux les enjeux de la recherche de logement et comment cette démarche influence-t-elle leur parcours universitaire et la perception qu’ils ont d’eux-mêmes dans la société ? Ces jeunes pensent l’accession à une position résidentielle valorisée comme un outil de réussite universitaire, mais se heurtent à divers obstacles pour réaliser ce projet. D’une part, le marché locatif privé leur ferme largement ses portes en raison du peu de ressources économiques de leurs parents et parfois de l’absence de garant. D’autre part, ils tendent à s’auto-exclure de ce secteur où ils pensent ne pas avoir leur place. Tous leurs espoirs se reportent donc sur le marché locatif social. Mais, là aussi, l’attente aux guichets et l’accompagnement qui leur est proposé les renvoient à leur « place », c’est-à-dire à une position dominée dans l’espace social. Enfin, quand ils trouvent une solution de logement, ils ont parfois du mal à faire face aux contraintes économiques liées au loyer. Cette situation a d’importants retentissements sur leur parcours universitaire et, en contribuant à la prise de conscience des inégalités sociales, leur rapport à la société.
Novel N-substituted indole hydrazones as potential antiplatelet agents
Authors: Tavili Navid , Mokhtari Shaya , Salehabadi Hafezeh , Esfahanizadeh Marjan , Mohebbi Shohreh 
Published: November 2021

Background and purpose:
Antiplatelet agents can diminish the chance of coronary heart diseases due to the prevention of unusual clotting in the arteries by inhibiting platelet aggregation and avoiding the formation of a blood clot. This mechanism can help to prevent ischemic stroke likewise. To improve the activity of these drugs and reduce their side effects, further studies are required.

Experimental approach:
Based on the previous studies representing the promising antiplatelet activity of indole hydrazones, a series of their homologs containing twenty-one compounds were prepared in two steps. First, alkylation reaction on the nitrogen of the indole ring, and second, chiff base formation by condensation of a primary amine and N-substituted indole-3 carbaldehyde. Consequently, their platelet anti-aggregation activity was evaluated based on the Born turbidimetric method.

Findings/Results:
Most of the compounds exhibited noticeable activity against platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid. Amongst them, two compounds 2e and 2f showed higher activity with IC50 values that made comparable to indomethacin and acetylsalicylic acid as standard drugs and had no toxicity on platelets.

Conclusion and implications:
The synthesized compounds exhibited promising activity against arachidonic acid-induced aggregation; however, none of them showed noticeable antiplatelet activity induced by adenosine di-phosphate. Chemical structure comparison of the prepared derivatives indicated the existence of a lipophilic medium-sized group on the phenyl ring increased their activity. In addition, the docking studies confirmed this hydrophobic interaction in the lipophilic pocket of cyclooxygenase-1 enzyme suggesting that hydrophobicity of this region plays a pivotal role in the anti-platelet activity of these compounds. To prove this finding, the enzymatic evaluation with the target enzyme is required.