bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of rituximab in autism spectrum disorders associated with hereditary folate malabsorption with signs of antineuronal autoimmunity
Authors: Maltsev D.V. 
Published: October 2021

Background. One of the key advances in psychiatry is an elucidation of the association of hereditary folate malabsorption (HFM) with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), the evidence for which is based on the results of 5 meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. It is shown that in such cases the antineuronal autoimmune reaction is an important mechanism of encephalopathy formation. The purpose of the study was to investigate the efficacy of rituximab in children with HFM-associated ASD who showed serological signs of antineuronal autoimmunity to expand the current arsenal of neuroprotective therapy in immunodependent encephalopathy in such cases. Materials and methods. Medical data of 138 children aged 3 to 8 years with HFM and ASD (97 boys and 41 girls) were analyzed. Parents of 62 of 81 patients with signs of antineuronal autoimmunity agreed to rituximab immunotherapy at a dose of 375 mg/m2 of body surface area per month for 3–9 months (study group, SG). Relatives of the other 19 patients with a similar distribution of antineuronal autoantibodies refused treatment (control group, CG). The dynamics of the mental state of children during immunotherapy was assessed by the ABC scale. For statistical analysis, we calculated the parametric Student’s t-test with the confidence probability p and the non-parametric criterion — the number of signs Z by U.V. Urbach, as well as the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results. Rituximab treatment resulted in a progressive decrease in serum antineuronal autoantibodies concentration in patients with ASD associated with HFM, with a more pronounced effect in the production of autoantibodies to neuronal potassium channels compared to autoantibodies to the GADA with complete elimination of the seropositivity after a 9-month course of immunotherapy in 92 % of cases. The phenomenon of rituximab-induced elimination of serum antineuronal autoantibodies is associated with the effect of neuroprotection, which was confirmed by the normalization of previously elevated serum concentrations of laboratory biomarkers of NSE cerebral damage (OR = 17.875; 95% CI = 4.738–67.436 at Ab to GADA and 41.800; 7.257–240.778 at Ab to potassium channels) and S-100 protein (9.750; 2.707–35.113 and 18.333; 3.462–97.083, respectively). In parallel, there was a progressive improvement in all indicators of the mental status of children with ASD on the ABC scale with a latency period of about 2 months (p < 0.05: Z < Z0.05). Conclusions. Immunotherapy with rituximab by eliminating the serological signs of antineuronal autoimmunity realizes the effect of neuroprotection, reducing the severity of all major clinical signs of ASD in children with HFM.
New opportunities in the treatment of patients with chronic brain ischemia
Authors: Mishchenko V.M. , Zabrodina L.P. , Mishchenko T.S. , Bovt Yu.V. 
Published: October 2021

The study was aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Hericium erinaceus extract (Cebrofit) in combination with vinpocetine compared to vinpocetine monotherapy in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. Two groups of patients were identified — the basic and control, which included 160 patients with stage I and II dyscirculatory encephalopathy aged 30 to 80 years. All subjects underwent basic therapy, during which for 3 months patients of the basic group took Cebrofit 1 capsule 150 mg twice a day and vinpocetine (Vicebrol) 1 tablet 5 mg three times a day, and patients of the control group used only vinpocetine according to the scheme described above. Based on a comprehensive study, it was found that the use of Cebrofit in combination with vinpocetine compared to vinpocetine monotherapy resulted in accelerated regression of subjective and objective manifestations of chronic brain ischemia with an advantage in patients with stage I dyscirculatory encephalopathy. In patients with stage I dyscirculatory encephalopathy, the use of Cebrofit in combination with vinpocetine produced a pronounced neuroprotective effect, which manifested in a significant improvement in general condition, a decrease in the severity of neurological symptoms, a decrease in the manifestations of asthenia and anxiety after 28 days of therapy, and a significant increase in cognitive performance after 7 days of therapy, while maintaining this positive trend until the end of the course of treatment. In patients with stage II dyscirculatory encephalopathy under the influence of Cebrofit in combination with vinpocetine, positive differences in the form of a decrease in the severity of clinical and neurological symptoms, manifestations of asthenia, anxiety, and depression, as well as improvement in cognitive functions were recorded after 84 days of treatment, which allows recommending the use of these schemes in clinical practice.
Should National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) Guidelines Remove Urine Cytology as a Suggested Adjunct in Suspected Bladder Cancer (haematuria) Investigations?
Authors: Moore Madeline , Robinson Andrew , Kitchen Mark O , Gommersall Lyndon 
Published: October 2021

Background Despite National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines suggesting the use of urine cytology (UC) for the diagnosis of bladder cancer, its use is variable. Reasons for this include sub-optimal sensitivity, financial cost, availability of alternative tests, and uncertainty over interpretation of results. Anecdotally, however, suspicious or malignant UC when other investigations are normal, occasionally leads to a cancer diagnosis. Therefore, we retrospectively assessed a cohort of our haematuria patients to determine the value of UC in cancer diagnosis and the clinical significance of atypical UC (graded as C3). Patients and methods We identified 3018 patients with haematuria referred on the suspected cancer pathway (“two-week wait”) in 2015. We retrospectively analysed clinical, demographic, and follow-up/outcome data in a random cohort of 500 cases. Results Median follow up was 58 months. Urological malignancy was diagnosed in 61/500 patients; all were identified by cystoscopy or imaging, i.e., irrespective of UC result. No cases of atypical UC re-presented with a ‘missed’ cancer diagnosis within the five-year follow-up period. However, suspicious and malignant cytology was associated with high-grade/aggressive tumours and subsequent tumour recurrence. Conclusion Urine cytology did not identify any cancers that were not already found by imaging or cystoscopy. Atypical UC in the presence of negative haematuria investigations does not appear to be associated with malignancy, and therefore should not alter patient management nor prompt further investigation. Suspicious and malignant UC was associated with higher risk cancers and could therefore be used to prioritise waiting lists for transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT), however, it is unclear whether this might benefit patient outcomes. We conclude therefore that UC has no role in haematuria investigations.
Korona-altistusten jäljittämiseen tarvitaan uusia ratkaisuja
Authors: Haatainen Kaisa , Julkunen Sonja , Kaskenaho Viivi , Kervinen Marjo 
Published: October 2021

Kontaktien jäljittäminen on oleellinen osa infektioiden hallintaa ja ehkäisyä. Ihmistyönä toteutettavan kontaktien jäljittämisen rinnalle tarvitaan uusia aikaa säästäviä sekä kustannustehokkaita ratkaisuja, jotka mahdollistavat myös nykyaikaisen teknologian täyden hyödyntämisen. Radiotaajuuksilla toimivan etätunnistusteknologian (RFID) käytöstä on jo lupaavia tuloksia, mutta soveltaminen terveydenhuoltoon on hidasta.

Koronaltistusten jäljitysprosessi on aikaa vievää sekä sen saavuttamat tulokset epävarmat, koska kontaktien kartoitus on muistinvaraista. Kun COVID -19 testi on henkilökunnan jäsenellä positiivinen, kontaktien jäljittäminen tapahtuu kyselemällä ja kartoittamalla altistuneet työntekijät yksikön esihenkilön tai vastaavan hoitajan toimesta. Kontaktien kartoitus ei ole systemaattista, se on aikaa vievää eivätkä tulokset ole luotettavia. Mikäli työyksikössä on joukkoaltistuminen ja/tai altistuminen koskee useita työyhteisön jäseniä, prosessi on huomattavan monimutkainen ja työläs. On kehitettävä uusia ratkaisuja, joiden avulla voidaan altistuneet jäljittää nopeammin ja varmemmin.
Pemodelan Vector Autoregressive (Var) untuk Data Jumlah Perceraian di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Desvina Ari Pani 
Published: October 2021

Perceraian merupakan terputusnya hubungan antara suami istri akibat dari kegagalan pasangan suami istri dalam menjalani peran masing-masing. Maraknya fenomena perceraian yang terjadi bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti faktor ekonomi, tidak harmonis dan tidak bertanggung jawab. Model Vector Autoregressive (VAR) merupakan salah satu model yang digunakan untuk menentukan peramalan dengan beberapa variabel dan berguna untuk melihat keterkaitan hubungan antar variabel. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan peramalan jumlah perceraian di Kota Pekanbaru dengan menggunakan model Vector Autoregressive (VAR). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data time series yaitu data jumlah perceraian, faktor ekonomi, tidak harmonis dan tidak bertanggung jawab di Kota Pekanbaru mulai Januari 2014 sampai Desember 2018. Hasil pembahasan yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa model VAR(2) adalah model yang sesuai untuk meramalkan jumlah perceraian di Kota Pekanbaru pada waktu yang akan datang. Berdasarkan hasil uji kausalitas Granger menunjukkan bahwa perceraian mempengaruhi tidak harmonis, tidak harmonis mempengaruhi ekonomi, dan tidak harmonis mempengaruhi tidak bertanggung jawab. Sedangkan hasil peramalan jumlah perceraian di Kota Pekanbaru untuk Januari 2019 sampai Desember 2020 menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan yang tidak berbeda jauh dari bulan sebelumnya, dengan nilai akurasi peramalannya menggunakan MAPE adalah 47,76 %.
INDONESIAN STUDENTS MISCONCEPTION IN USING PRESENT PERFECT TENSE TO WRITE COMPOSITION
Authors: Rochman Syaifur 
Published: October 2021

This article describes a research on the error analysis in
the uses of present peifect tense made by freshmen studying at English
Department in "Universitas lenderal Soedirman (UNSOED). It
investigates the students' mistakes in using the present pelfect forms
when writing composition. The result shows that most rejpondents
still had difficulties in applying present perfect into sentences
appropriately. This is mainly due to the respondents' lack of
understanding on what the present peifect means. This suggests that
students should improve their understanding on the present perfect
given to its common use both in written and spoken English.
CONTEMPORARY WAYANG KULIT PERFORMANCE: A CRISIS IN JAVANESE CULTURE?
Authors: Margono S Yosep Bambang 
Published: October 2021

Wayang kulit or shadow puppet theater performance has
been greatly changing. Changes occur in many aspects such as in
terms of the duration or length of the peliormance, its structure, the
number of dalang who performs it,as well as the number of female
singers (sindhen or waranggana) who accompany the dalang.
Consequently, now wayang kulit performance is seen more as
tontonan (entertainment) than as tuntunan (moral teachings). One
of the main factors of this big change is the intrusion of western
culture into Indonesia in general and Java in particular. This results
in the reluctance of the young, especially, in watching this form of
traditional art. Therefore, the changers) in the performance of
wayang kulit or shadow theater is one of the efforts to make thisform
of traditional art survive.
Más allá de una problemática urbana: accesibilidad edilicia y educación inclusiva para personas con discapacidad
Authors: Zelasqui Ignacio Oscar 
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo tiene por objeto la problemática de accesibilidad a la educación por parte de personas con discapacidad. Se enfoca en la dimensión arquitectónica o edilicia, en tanto otros aspectos del acceso a la educación no son abordados en este artículo. Se propone, por un lado, describir la situación de las escuelas en la ciudad de La Plata en materia de accesibilidad edilicia y estándares de derechos humanos, tomando como punto de partida un relevamiento llevado a cabo en los años 2012/2013 por la Clínica Jurídica de Derechos Humanos y Discapacidad, programa de extensión perteneciente a la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales (UNLP). Por otra parte, presentar diversas dimensiones y posibles herramientas analíticas para pensar la problemática de accesibilidad a la educación inclusiva para personas con discapacidad. En consecuencia, se exhibirán algunas relaciones de esta problemática con otros ejes o procesos tales como movimientos sociales e identidades, espacios y políticas públicas, los cuales abren múltiples interrogantes y líneas preliminares de análisis. Se trata de la disputa por el espacio material, sus interpretaciones y representaciones. La accesibilidad física o edilicia significa entonces una lucha también por una reinterpretación del espacio escuela y la educación. Las corporalidades disidentes en las escuelas ponen de relieve tensiones y contradicciones de ese espacio normalizado y permiten (re)pensar nuevos espacios que faciliten otros modos de vinculación y pedagogía, en este caso, inclusivos en la diversidad
Arkisen ruoankulutuksen kohtuullisuus ja kohtuuttomuus runsauden yhteiskunnassa elävien ihmisten ruokapuheessa
Authors: Salonen Anna Sofia 
Published: October 2021

Kysymys kohtuullisuudesta ja kohtuuttomuudesta on puhuttanut ihmiskuntaa läpi historian. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkastelen, millaisena kohtuullisuus näyttäytyy nykyaikana runsauden yhteiskunnassa elävien, tavallisten ihmisten ruokapuheessa. Tutkimuksen aineiston muodostavat Kanadassa ja Suomessa toteutetut yksilö- ja ryhmähaastattelut, joihin osallistui yhteensä 42 henkilöä. Tutkimuksen kumpikin kohdemaa on hyvinvoiva länsimainen kulutusyhteiskunta, jossa ruoan runsauden kysymysten voidaan nähdä kehystävän ihmisten elämää.
Analyysin perusteella kohtuullisen ja kohtuuttoman ruoankulutuksen problematiikka paikantuu erityisesti terveyden, tarpeiden ja ruumiin koon kysymyksiin. Ympäristöön ja laajempaan yhteiskuntavastuuseen liittyvät kysymykset jäävät kohtuullisuudesta keskusteltaessa toissijaiseen rooliin. Analyysissä kohtuullisuuden keskeisiksi ulottuvuuksiksi nousivat järkeily, tasapainoilu ja opettelu sekä tolkullisuus ja armollisuus. Kohtuullisuuden tarkastelu paljastaa yhteiskunnassa vallitsevan hyvän ihmisen ideaalin: ihanneyksilö on rationaalinen, oppiva ja joustava, mutta myös kohtuullisuuden vaateissaan kohtuullinen ja itselleen ja muille armollinen.
Tulokset osoittavat, että ruoankulutuksen kontekstissa kohtuullisuus on yhä laadullinen määrämitta, jonka avulla ihmiset navigoivat, selvittelevät ja suhteuttavat itseään kysymykseen siitä mikä on tarpeeksi, sopivaa tai järkevää. Terveyteen ja ruumiiseen liittyvänä määreenä kohtuullisuus kytkeytyy erityisesti ruoan paljouteen ja runsauden kanssa elämisen problematiikkaan yksilöllisellä ja lähipiirin tasolla. Kohtuullisen ruoankulutuksen ideaalit normalisoivat ajatusta kontrolliin kykenevästä ja halujansa hallitsevasta kuluttajakansalaisesta. Nyky-yhteiskunnassa tavoitteena on erityisesti yksilön terveys ja ruumiin koko. Kohtuullisuuden tarkastelu paljastaa yhteiskunnassa vallitsevia ristiriitoja ja jännitteitä koskien eettisiä kulutusvalintoja ja nautinnon ja tarpeen välisiä suhteita
Mediação familiar
Authors: Rodrigues Sarah Dutra , Ningeliski Adriane de Oliveira 
Published: October 2021

A convivência familiar faz com que diversos conflitos venham a emergir no dia a dia, trazendo a necessidade de um efetivo resultado mediante um processo legal que atenda os interesses das partes. Mas, atualmente, busca-se acessar à justiça através do Poder Judiciário. É notório que os meios judiciários encontram-se defasados, e, com isso, não satisfazem o interesse dos próprios envolvidos. Com efeito, nascem os meios autocompositivos para resolução dos conflitos, em especial, na seara de família. Eclode assim, a mediação familiar. Sendo um método cordial dos litígios, não apenas para solucioná-los, mas transformá-los, possibilitando as partes a serem protagonistas de seus próprios interesses. O presente estudo tem como objetivo apresentar a mediação familiar como mecanismo adequado de resolução de conflitos com o intuito de melhor esclarecer as relações interpessoais das partes. Nessa toada utiliza-se o método de abordagem dedutivo, tendo em vista a mediação se colocar como forma de tratamento adequado de conflitos familiares. Além disso, a mediação contribui ao sistema judiciário, como uma solução mais célere e transformadora. Por fim, a mediação familiar traz benefícios significativos para solução dos litígios no Direito das Famílias, priorizando um método mais humanístico que garanta, com mais qualidade, a obtenção da Justiça.
Enhanced Feature Extraction Algorithms Using Oscillatory-Mode Pulsed Eddy Current Techniques for Aircraft Structure Inspection
Authors: Lysenko Iuliia , Kuts Yurii , Protasov Anatoliy , Redka Mykhailo , Uchanin Valentin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A review of the existing literature shows that modern pulsed eddy current (PEC) technique for flaw detection in aircraft structure inspection is typically carried out in aperiodic mode. Аt the same time, the unstable characteristic points of the EC signal usually used as informative parameters can restrict the potential of this excitation mode due to significant measurement errors.
This article considers an advanced PEC method of NDT based on the oscillatory mode. To obtain the conditions concerned with different modes of EC probe response oscillations, an equivalent scheme of the “testing object – EC probe” system was developed and analyzed. The frequency and attenuation coefficient of natural oscillations are proposed as the informative parameters of the probe signals. The obtained mathematical model of the probe signals allows for the dependence of proposed signal parameters on the characteristics of the testing object to be evaluated.
Herein, we first develop algorithmic software for determining and analyzing the discrete amplitude and phase characteristics of PEC NDT signals based on the simulation results. The errors of the natural frequency oscillations and the attenuation coefficient determination as well as the optimal time for its determination are analyzed in order to minimize the possible errors. Next, the proposed informative parameters are experimentally investigated using a set of specimens. The obtained results confirm the possibility of the proposed methodology to enhance the inspection procedures related to the electrical conductivity and geometric parameters measurements as well as the detected defect sizing.
Do Rural Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships Impact Choice of Residency Type and/or Permanent Community Practice in Surgery?
Authors: Bennett J. Maki  , Karen C. Riley  , Raymond Christensen  , Kirby Clark  , Paula M. Termuhlen  
Published: October 2021

Purpose: Rural general surgery experiences during medical school appear to have influenced the decision of prospective general surgery applicants to pursue residency programs that provide rural surgery opportunities. This is an analysis of a single cohort, rural-focused, longitudinal integrated clerkship to determine if there is an association between type of residency program and completion of a rural-focused longitudinal integrated clerkship.
Methods: An institutional database of de-identified, self-reported data was reviewed to identify rural-focused longitudinal integrated clerkship alumni who matched into a surgical residency program.
Findings: Of the seventy-five alumni who chose a surgical residency program, 40 (53.3%) matched into a university-affiliated residency program, and 32 (42.6%) matched into an independent-academic program. There was no association between type of residency program and completion of a rural-focused longitudinal integrated clerkship.
Conclusions: A rural-focused longitudinal integrated clerkship can help increase the rural physician workforce within both the state and region of the sponsoring institution. To facilitate heightened interest in rural general surgery, these types of programs should continue to be promoted.
COVID-19 Impact on Regional Medical Campus Education: Student Perspectives
Authors: Obed Barkus  , Dorothy Hughes  
Published: October 2021

Due to social distancing precautions and the desire to protect clinical learners, the COVID-19 pandemic forced medical schools everywhere to implement more distanced and virtualized learning in their educational curriculums. More specifically, at the University of Kansas School of Medicine-Salina, a regional medical campus, the impact of some of these changes were also seen and felt. The purpose of this study was to investigate the downstream effects of these curriculum changes from the perspectives and opinions of medical students attending a regional medical campus. To explore the study purpose, a mixed-methods, cross-sectional study that used an online survey with closed and open-ended questions was used. Additionally, because of unique curriculum characteristics depending on the year of the student, 1st and 2nd year students (phase I) were asked slightly different questions than students in their 3rd and 4th years (phase II). Closed-ended questions asked students about lecture experience, clinical learning development and time, study time, exam performance, collaborative learning experiences, and socialization/interactions with colleagues. Students answered in range of -3 to +3, negative numbers meaning a detrimental impact (or decrease in study time), and positive numbers being beneficial impact (or increase in study time). Open-ended questions asked students about improvements that could be made, unique class circumstances during the pandemic and any other relevant impact not covered in closed-ended questions. For phase I students, lecture experience, study time and exam performance resulted in no impact. However, collaborative learning and socialization with colleagues did result in a detrimental impact that was significant. For phase II learners, clinical skills development, time spent in clinical skills development and socialization with colleagues were detrimentally impacted. However, the amount of time spent on studying increased and exam performance benefited. These findings suggest that pandemic-related curriculum changes impact learners differently depending on the phase of medical they are in.
There are no conflicts of interest by either of the authors. This study has been approved by the University of Kansas Medical Center Institutional Review Board.
Power Laws and Skew Distributions: An Application to Performance Royalty Income
Authors: Pitt Ivan L. 
Published: October 2021

Royalty income derived from copyrighted song-titles is often highly skewed. This skewness-- in which a relatively small number of songwriters earn relatively more royalty income than other members or affiliates in Performing Rights Organizations-- is said to follow Zipf's Law or a Pareto distribution. Skewness in royalty income can be explained, in part, by some successful songwriters having larger catalogs of songs that are performed more frequently by radio stations, television stations, and other public places such as retail outlets, bars, restaurants and clubs. The skew-t distribution model is generalized with location, skew, scale, and degrees of freedom parameters, and used to analyze royalty income when skewness and heavy-tails (outliers) are present. The multivariate log-skew-t maximum likelihood model presented here provides a better fit over other methods when the normal (Gaussian) assumptions and graphical methods may be inappropriate.}