bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between chest-to-head circumference ratio at birth and childhood neurodevelopment: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: J-P Naw Awn , Eitoku Masamitsu , Yamasaki Keiko , Mitsuda Naomi , Fujieda Mikiya , Maeda Nagamasa , Suganuma Narufumi ,   the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Children born growth-restricted are well recognized to be at an increased risk of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. This prospective study examined the influence of chest-to-head circumference ratio at birth on neurodevelopment in the first three years among children enrolled in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. We analyzed information of 84,311 children (43,217 boys, 41,094 girls). Children were divided into low, normal, and high chest-to-head circumference ratio groups. Neurodevelopment was assessed every six months (from 6 months to 3 years) using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (Japanese translation), with delays defined as scores below 2 standard deviations from the mean. Additionally, we evaluated the contributions of chest and head circumference to the observed association. Linear mixed-effect regression revealed increased risk of delays in communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social skills in the low-ratio group compared to the normal-ratio group. Adjusted risk ratios were in the range of 1.14 – 1.39 in boys and 1.16 – 1.37 in girls, with no such increase observed in the high-ratio group. The heightened risk in the low-ratio group was likely associated with a relatively narrow chest rather than a large head. The area under the ROC curves in predicting any developmental delay at three years for newborn measurements ranged from 0.513 to 0.526 in boys and 0.509 to 0.531 in girls. These findings suggest that a low chest-to-head circumference ratio may indicate children who are at risk for neurodevelopmental deficits. However, the ability to predict poor neurodevelopmental outcomes at three years of age is limited.
Quantitative Evaluation of Probabilistic Hazard Mapping With Polynomial Chaos Quadrature and Its Practical Application
Authors: Tanabe T. , Tsunematsu K. , Nishimura K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSnow avalanches pose a significant threat to settlements and their inhabitants. Consequently, hazard maps that delineate avalanche runout areas serve as valuable tools for mitigating their destructive impact. Dynamic models have been used to visualize areas affected by avalanches; however, these models require uncertain inputs. This study develops probabilistic hazard maps by quantifying uncertain input variables through probability density functions. These maps represent the probability of model outputs, such as maximum flow thickness, exceeding specific thresholds, allowing for more quantitative hazard assessments. Three uncertainty quantification methods—Monte Carlo, Latin hypercube sampling, and polynomial chaos quadrature (PCQ)—are employed to generate probabilistic hazard maps for snow avalanches. These maps are compared with a reference hazard map created using parameter sets that cover the entire parameter space. Among the three methods, PCQ yields the most accurate results for a given number of simulations, assuming a uniform distribution for each input. The optimal PCQ settings, which deliver superior results with fewer simulations, are then determined. Additionally, a PCQ application is proposed to generate hazard maps based on non‐uniform input distributions without requiring extra simulations. This approach reduces the computational cost associated with creating hazard maps for non‐uniform distributions if PCQ has already been applied to a uniform case. The application generates two types of probabilistic hazard maps: one considering all potential parameter ranges during the snow season using uniform distributions, and another reflecting non‐uniform distributions that account for uncertainty in near‐term current snow cover conditions.
Investigating Mechanisms Driving Differences in the Characteristics of Precipitation in the E3SM Multiscale Modeling Framework With 2D Versus 3D Cloud Resolving Model Configurations
Authors: Hsu Wei‐Ching , Kooperman Gabriel J. , Hannah Walter M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this study, we compare the Energy Exascale Earth Systems Model (E3SM) multiscale modeling framework (MMF) with the cloud resolving model (CRM) configured in two (2dMMF) and three (3dMMF) dimensions. We explore how CRM dimensionality impacts the representation of mean and extreme precipitation characteristics. Our results show that tropical mean precipitation patterns are better represented in 3dMMF compared to observations (Integrated Multi‐satellitE Retrivals for GPM and Global Precipitation Climatology Project One Degree Daily products), while 2dMMF better captures extreme precipitation intensity, with systematic land‐ocean differences in precipitation and cloud‐associated variables. These differences are attributed to the co‐occurrence of CRM throttling (i.e., suppressed convection in due to smaller numbers of CRM columns and domain size) and dilution (i.e., 3‐D cloud circulations with increased entrainment and lower precipitation efficiency) effects. Overall, throttling results in more low‐level humidity in 2dMMF and dilution contributes to more high clouds with less precipitation efficiency in 3dMMF. Since throttling occurs more strongly over the ocean than land, the 3dMMF tends to have less cloud liquid and precipitation over the ocean and more cloud ice and precipitation over land. These results may serve as a guide for choosing the CRM structure to reduce precipitation and cloud‐related biases.
Paleolatitudinal Drift and Major Rotation of the Wrangellia Superterrane in the Mesozoic: A Signal of East‐Panthalassa Plate Motion?
Authors: Andjić Goran , Vaes Bram , van de Lagemaat Suzanna H. A. , Boschman Lydian M. , Dekkers Mark J. , Johnston Stephen T. , van Hinsbergen Douwe J. J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe allochthonous origin of the Wrangellia superterrane relative to North America (NAM) has been established in the early days of plate tectonics using paleomagnetic and geologic data. However, orogenic deformation of the Wrangellia superterrane after its Cretaceous accretion to NAM has complicated the reconstruction of its pre‐accretionary tectonic evolution. In particular, vertical‐axis rotations linked to strike‐slip faulting have cast doubt on the usefulness of paleomagnetic declinations in deciphering its pre‐accretionary motions. Here, we compile paleomagnetic data from the Wrangellia superterrane and present new results from uppermost Triassic limestones and lowermost Jurassic lavas of the Bonanza arc, which confirm that it was at those times at a much lower latitude than today (∼50°–60°N), at a latitude of either ∼25°–30°N or ∼25°–30°S. Moreover, declinations reveal a coherent, major clockwise or counterclockwise rotation, depending on hemispheric origin. When correcting for previously documented true polar wander at the approximate longitude of the Wrangellia superterrane at ∼190 Ma, new and existing paleomagnetic data allow for two possible scenarios of Mesozoic kinematic evolution: from 190 to 80 Ma, in the southern hemisphere scenario, the Wrangellia superterrane was transported ∼5,000 km northward while rotating ∼110° clockwise with an associated north‐dipping subduction zone, while in the northern hemisphere scenario it remained at northern middle latitudes while rotating ∼70° counterclockwise at a south‐dipping subduction zone. The southern hemisphere scenario appears more plausible when tested against recent reconstructions of minimum oblique convergence beneath NAM and mantle tomography images of slab remnants.
Oxidative Dissolution of Sulfide Minerals in Porous Media Under Evaporative Conditions: Multiphase Experiments and Process‐Based Modeling
Authors: Ahmadi Navid , Muniruzzaman Muhammad , Cogorno Jacopo , Rolle Massimo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe dissolution of sulfide minerals in subsurface porous media has important environmental implications. We investigate the oxidative dissolution of pyrite under evaporative conditions and advance a mechanistic understanding of the interactions between multiple physical processes and mineral/surface reactions. We performed a set of experiments in which initially water saturated and anoxic soil columns, containing a top layer of pyrite, are exposed to the atmosphere under no evaporation (single‐phase) and natural evaporative (two‐phase) conditions. The oxidative dissolution of pyrite was monitored by non‐invasive high‐resolution measurements of oxygen and pH. Additionally, we developed and applied a multiphase and multicomponent reactive transport model to quantitatively describe the experimental outcomes and elucidate the interplay between the physico‐chemical mechanisms controlling the extent of pyrite dissolution. The results confirm that the extent of pyrite dissolution under single‐phase conditions was constrained by the slow diffusive transport of oxygen in the liquid phase. In contrast, during evaporation, the evolution of fluid phases and interphase mass transfer processes imposed distinct physical constraints on the dynamics of pyrite oxidation. Initially, the invasion of the gaseous phase led to a fast delivery of high oxygen concentrations in the reactive zone and thus markedly increased pyrite oxidation and acidity/sulfate production. However, such enhanced release of reaction products was progressively limited over time as drying conditions prevailed in the reactive zone and inhibited pyrite oxidation. The transient phase displacement was also found to control the distribution of aqueous species and formation of secondary minerals by creating spatio‐temporally variable redox conditions.
Nonlinear coupling of closely spaced modes in atomically thin MoS2 nanoelectromechanical resonators
Authors: Yousuf S M Enamul Hoque , Shaw Steven W. , Feng Philip X.-L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) incorporating atomic or molecular layer van der Waals materials can support multimode resonances and exotic nonlinear dynamics. Here we investigate nonlinear coupling of closely spaced modes in a bilayer (2L) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoelectromechanical resonator. We model the response from a drumhead resonator using equations of two resonant modes with a dispersive coupling term to describe the vibration induced frequency shifts that result from the induced change in tension. We employ method of averaging to solve the equations of coupled modes and extract an expression for the nonlinear coupling coefficient (λ) in closed form. Undriven thermomechanical noise spectral measurements are used to calibrate the vibration amplitude of mode 2 (a2) in the displacement domain. We drive mode 2 near its natural frequency and measure the shifted resonance frequency of mode 1 (f1s) resulting from the dispersive coupling. Our model yields λ = 0.027 ± 0.005 pm−2 · μs−2 from thermomechanical noise measurement of mode 1. Our model also captures an anomalous frequency shift of the undriven mode 1 due to nonlinear coupling to the driven mode 2 mediated by large dynamic tension. This study provides a direct means to quantifying λ by measuring the thermomechanical noise in NEMS and will be valuable for understanding nonlinear mode coupling in emerging resonant systems.
Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in children: evaluating the importance of diagnosis and follow-up during childhood
Authors: Wilkinson Niamh R. , Cervi Elena , Wagner Bart , Morris-Rosendahl Deborah , Baker Duncan , Flora Harpaul , von Klemperer Kate , Andrew Toby , Ghali Neeti , van Dijk Fleur S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractVascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is a rare inherited connective tissue disorder predominantly caused by pathogenic COL3A1 variants. Characteristic arterial and intestinal fragility and generalised severe tissue friability can lead to clinical events from childhood. We highlight a paucity of literature regarding children diagnosed with vEDS, possibly explained by a restraint in predictive testing, and present data on 63 individuals (23 index cases) with a clinical and genetic diagnosis of vEDS in childhood (<18 years) to address this. Patients were identified through the National Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) Service London. We report on 18 events in childhood, recorded in 13 individuals. First events occurred at a median age of 11 years (IQR 0–13) and genetic testing was initiated as a direct result of the first event in 11/13 cases. In the cohort majority, diagnosis was the result of familial genetic testing (55%). Our findings emphasise the importance of offering genetic testing in childhood when there is a positive family history of vEDS and/or features suggestive of a potential inherited connective tissue disorder. Diagnosis in childhood allows for follow-up surveillance and informed multi-disciplinary management, in addition to genetic counselling and patient-led management including lifestyle modification. As seen in adult cohorts, we anticipate children with vEDS will experience the same protective benefit afforded by early diagnosis and present preliminary data on follow-up in childhood. Formal evaluation of the impact that diagnosis of vEDS in childhood has on disease management is needed when sufficient data is internationally available.
An image and video dataset of nesting green sea turtles with annotated data
Authors: Hipiny Irwandi , Ujir Hamimah , Hassan Ruhana , Abang Aimran Abang Arabi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhoto- and video-based reidentification of green sea turtles using their natural markers is far less invasive than artificial tagging. An RGB camera mounted on a man-portable rig, was used to collect video data on Greater Talang Island (1 °54’45″N 109 °46’33″E) from September to October 2022, and September 2023. This islet is located 30 minutes offshore from the Sematan district in Southwest Sarawak, Malaysia. In total, 42 videos of 42 unique individuals were captured, from which 14,471 video frames were extracted and annotated with a bounding box each. Through manual inspection, the annotation data were diligently checked and edited if necessary. Additionally, 130 selected frames were further annotated each with a region-of-interest mask containing only the carapace. These data have the potential to aid researchers in training computer vision models for various tasks such as counting, segmentation and individual reidentification.
Global big data laboratory experiment, integrated with kernel-based algorithm with an improved nonlinear ensemble for compressive strength modeling
Authors: Salami Babatunde Abiodun , Usman Jamilu , Gbadamosi Afeez , Malami Salim Idris , Abba Sani I. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith the continuous clamor for a reduction in embodied carbon in cement, rapid solution to climate change, and reduction to resource depletion, studies into substitute binders become crucial. These cementitious binders can potentially lessen our reliance on cement as the only concrete binder while also improving concrete functional properties. Finer particles used in cement microstructure densify the pore structure of concrete and enhance its performance properties. The compressive strength of concrete made from a mixture of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), fly ash (FA), and ordinary Portland cement was estimated using kernel regression techniques in this work. The kernel-based method offered was support vector regression (SVR), while robust linear regression (RLR), and multi-linear regression (MLR) were used as regression methods, subsequently, nonlinear average approaches were used to improve the accuracy of the prediction. Eight variables (cement, FA, GGBFS, water, superplasticizer dose [SP], coarse aggregate [CA], fine aggregate [Fag], age) were employed as input features in 3323 data samples, and their relative value was assessed using linear correlation analysis. Following analysis, three combinations were employed to train the kernel-based models: I (inputs: cement, water, and age|output: CS), II (inputs: cement, water, FA, SP, and age|output: CS), and III (inputs: cement, water, FA, SP, CA, GGBFS, and Fag|output: CS). The third combination gave the best testing performance with all the proposed models where their R2 and MSE results after model evaluation for SVR, RLR, and MLR, are [0.984, 0.8776 and 0.8804] and [0.0019, 0.0131 and 0.0128] respectively. The study concludes that SVR with the combination III (SVR-M3) offered the best performance through effectiveness and efficiency in accurately predicting the compressive strength of the blended concrete. The prediction models should be utilized with the input variable ranges used in this work.
Evaluating the effectiveness of oral HIV self testing according to distribution models in Cameroon
Authors: Bouba Yagai , Djomo Audrey Raissa Dzaddi , Mouliom Fatima Nkain , Souleymanou Adamou , Lifanda Ebiama , Liman Yakouba , Onana Roger , Salla Annie Michele , Ekobika Lily Claire , Tchikangni Gutenberg , Omona Edwige Guissana , Myrtho Ingrid Kenko Abo’o , Mvilongo Ernest Désiré Anaba , Socpa Antoine , Ajeh Rogers Awoh , Essi Marie Jose , Billong Serge Clotaire , Hamsatou Hadja Cherif , Bissek Anne Cecile Zoung-Kanyi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInnovative strategies such as HIV self-testing (HIVST) are useful for identifying hard-to-reach people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), especially in developing settings where considerable gaps still exist in reaching the first 95% UNAIDS target. We evaluated the effectiveness of HIVST in Cameroon using several distribution models and investigated the predictors of HIV seropositivity among self-testers. The study was conducted from 2021 to 2022 in three regions in Cameroon. HIVST kits were distributed according to 5 distribution models: antenatal, postnatal, maternal and child clinics (ANC/PNC/MCH); partners of PLHIV; workplace; community and HIV-testing services (HTS). Overall, 42,687 people received oral HIVST kits, among whom 15.6% were HIV first-testers. Approximately 85% reported on the test outcome; 2.3% (n = 825) were reactive, and 75.8% came for test confirmation. After the confirmation test, a concordance of 85% was found with the national algorithm. Overall, the HIV seroprevalence was 1.5% [95% CI: 1.4–1.6]; ANC/PNC/MCHC: 1.9%, partners of PLHIV: 6.9%, workplace: 0.5%, community: 0.1% and HTS: 7.0%, p < 0.001. The positivity rate among first-testers was 1.2%. Youths < 25 years had a lower seroprevalence (0.4%) than older people (2.6% and 2.7% for those aged 25–39 and those aged ≥ 40 years, respectively), p < 0.001. Seropositivity was negatively associated with secondary distribution, workplace model, community model and age < 25 years. On the other hand, partners of PLHIV model, HTS model, female sex and first-time-testers were positively associated with seropositivity. In Cameroon, oral HIVST is an effective approach for identifying undiagnosed PLHIV, especially when using ANC/PNC/MCHC, partners of PLHIV and HTS distribution models. However, to ensure the successful scale-up of HIVST in Cameroon, guidelines should be revised to fine-tune the target populations for HIVST and optimize the use of resources.
Delineating the effective use of self-supervised learning in single-cell genomics
Authors: Richter Till , Bahrami Mojtaba , Xia Yufan , Fischer David S. , Theis Fabian J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful method for extracting meaningful representations from vast, unlabelled datasets, transforming computer vision and natural language processing. In single-cell genomics (SCG), representation learning offers insights into the complex biological data, especially with emerging foundation models. However, identifying scenarios in SCG where SSL outperforms traditional learning methods remains a nuanced challenge. Furthermore, selecting the most effective pretext tasks within the SSL framework for SCG is a critical yet unresolved question. Here we address this gap by adapting and benchmarking SSL methods in SCG, including masked autoencoders with multiple masking strategies and contrastive learning methods. Models trained on over 20 million cells were examined across multiple downstream tasks, including cell-type prediction, gene-expression reconstruction, cross-modality prediction and data integration. Our empirical analyses underscore the nuanced role of SSL, namely, in transfer learning scenarios leveraging auxiliary data or analysing unseen datasets. Masked autoencoders excel over contrastive methods in SCG, diverging from computer vision trends. Moreover, our findings reveal the notable capabilities of SSL in zero-shot settings and its potential in cross-modality prediction and data integration. In summary, we study SSL methods in SCG on fully connected networks and benchmark their utility across key representation learning scenarios.
A ganglioside-based immune checkpoint enables senescent cells to evade immunosurveillance during aging
Authors: Iltis Charlène , Moskalevska Iryna , Debiesse Antoine , Seguin Laetitia , Fissoun Christina , Cervera Ludovic , Moudombi Lyvia , Ardin Maude , Ferrari Anthony , Eliott Coline , Pisani Didier , Ottaviani Alexandre , Bourinet Manon , Luci Carmelo , Gual Philippe , Makulyte Gabriela , Bernard David , Durandy Manon , Duret Lou C. , Hamidouche Tynhinane , Kunz Sarah , Croce Olivier , Delannoy Clément , Guérardel Yann , Allain Fabrice , Hofman Paul , Benarroch-Popivker Delphine , Bianchini Laurence , Dadone-Montaudie Berengère , Cosson Estelle , Guglielmi Julien , Pourcher Thierry , Braud Véronique M. , Shkreli Marina , Pers Yves-Marie , Jorgensen Christian , Brondello Jean-Marc , Féral Chloé C. , Michallet Marie-Cécile , Gilson Eric , Cherfils-Vicini Julien 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Although senescent cells can be eliminated by the immune system, they tend to accumulate with age in various tissues. Here we show that senescent cells can evade immune clearance by natural killer (NK) cells by upregulating the expression of the disialylated ganglioside GD3 at their surface. The increased level of GD3 expression on senescent cells that naturally occurs upon aging in liver, lung, kidney or bones leads to a strong suppression of NK-cell-mediated immunosurveillance. In mice, we found that targeting GD3+ senescent cells with anti-GD3 immunotherapy attenuated the development of experimentally induced or age-related lung and liver fibrosis and age-related bone remodeling. These results demonstrate that GD3 upregulation confers immune privilege to senescent cells. We propose that GD3 acts as a senescence immune checkpoint (SIC) that allows senescent cells to escape immunosurveillance and to trigger immune anergy during aging.