bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical case report of oesophagostomiasis in captive Hamadryas Baboon (Papio Hamadryas) in Ethiopia
Authors: Tschopp Rea , Schneider Jakob 
Published: April 2021

Oesophagostomum spp is a nodule causing nematode found in livestock and primate species in Sub-Saharan Africa. The L3 infectious larvae invade the colonic wall, forming nodules in which the larvae continue their development. It can be a serious zoonotic risk in some areas in Africa. Primates are natural hosts for the parasite and do in general not show any symptoms. We present here a clinical case of Oesophagostomiasis in a captive hamadryas baboon (Papiohamadryas) in Ethiopia who died of acute peritonitis as a result of the infection with the parasite. Post-mortem was performed and colon tissue analyzed by cytology. This case highlights the importance of Oesophagostomiasis in captive baboons that undergo stress full events and the need for adequate management.Keywords: PapioHamadryas, Oesophagostomiasis, Ethiopia
Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in beef feedlot of Borena cattle by using comparative intradermal skin test, Adama, Ethiopia
Authors: Woldemariam Tefera , Mamo Gezahegne , Mohammed Temesgen , Ameni Gobena 
Published: April 2021

A cross-sectional study was carried out from August to November, 2015 among feedlot cattle in and around Adama export feedlot farms by using comparative intradermal tuberculin skin test to estimate the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis and to assess the associated risk factors. The individual animal prevalence with 4 mm cut-off point and with 2 mm cut-off point was 4.39% (95% CI: 2.59- 6.19) and 9.58% (95% CI: 6.99-12.16), respectively. In univariate logistic regression analysis, older animals (OR=7.11, 95% CI: 1.7-29.8), cattle from Yabello market (OR=5.66, 95% CI: 2.4-13.2) and cattle in feedlot 5 (OR=2.65, 95% CI: 1.03-6.8) were more likely to be tuberculin reactors than younger animals, cattle originated from Dubliqu market and those from feedlot I, respectively. In multivariable logistic regression, however, only feedlot farm difference showed a statistical significance difference among the groups with the OR=3.4 (95% CI: 1.2-9.5), while other factors were not statistically significant. In conclusion, the study revealed the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis in Adama export feedlot farms composed mainly of Borena cattle breeds which were established for export of fattened live beef cattle and hence, the findings of this study warrants the need to design a farm based control strategies at feedlot level and testing of animals during the purchase of the cattle at the market place of the animals.Keywords: Bovine tuberculosis, Comparative tuberculin testing, Feedlot farm, Prevalence, Risk factor
Sero-prevalence status of foot and mouth disease in the North Western Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Abbishu , Mengistu Araya , Rufael Tesfaye 
Published: April 2021

A cross-sectional survey was conducted on serum samples collected from North and South Gondar zones of North Western Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia to determine the sero-prevalence of foot and mouth diseases in bovine species. The samples were processed with the nonstructural protein (NSP) enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that can able to differentiate foot and mouth disease (FMD) naturally infected vaccinated animals. From the total sera tested, the overall sero-prevalence of foot and mouth disease in cattle at the North and South Gondar zones was 14.9% (86/578). The prevalence rate was high in North Gondar, 17.8% (66/370), as compared to 9.6% (20/208) in South Gondar and the difference was statistically significant (χ² =7.108, p=0.008). Highest sero-prevalence was observed at Metema (62.5%), Quara (46.7%) and Alefa Takusa (34.9%) districts of North Gondar zone, which are bordering with Sudan. The difference among the districts is also statistically significant (χ²=141.115, p=0.0001). There was also a significant association between seropositivity and age groups (χ²=9.483, P=0.009) but there was no significant association between the seropositivity and sex (χ²=0.623, p=0.430). This information on sero surveillance of foot and mouth disease in cattle is important for further epidemiological studies towards developing effective foot and mouth disease control strategies, particularly in these areas where animal movement is not restricted.Keywords: Cattle, Seroprevalence, FMD, North West Amhara Region, 3ABC ELISA
Prevalence of Cystic Echinococcosis in One-Humped Camels Slaughtered at Addis Ababa Municipality Abattoir, Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Natnael , Asrade Biruhtesfa , Mekibib Berhanu 
Published: April 2021

Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most important zoonotic and economically important disease prevalent in different parts of Ethiopia and the world at large. This survey aimed to estimate the prevalence, identify associated risk factors, and tissue distribution patterns of CE in camels slaughtered at Addis Ababa municipality abattoir. Out of 416 one-humped camels examined during meat inspection, hydatid cysts were detected in 159 (38.22%) of them. The cyst was detected more frequently in the lungs (37.02%) followed by liver (35.1%), but very few camels had cysts in their heart, spleen, and kidneys. Significantly higher (p <0.05) prevalence of hydatid cyst was observed in female than male camels (48.05% vs 32.4%), in adult camels than young ones (53.1% vs 20.2%), and camels with good (25.0%) and medium body conditions (67.4%) compared to those in poor body condition (7.7%). The study further revealed that out of 768 cysts collected from the different organs, 169 (22%), 215 (28%) and 384 (70.57%) were abscessed/calcified, sterile and fertile cysts, respectively. About 54% (n=235) of the cysts in the lungs and 45% (n=148) in the liver were fertile. Of which, 146 (62.13%) cysts in lungs and 87 (58.78%) cysts in liver were viable. In conclusion, this study revealed a high prevalence of CE with a higher proportion of fertile and viable cysts in the pastoral areas. Therefore, to reduce the wide spread occurrence of CE and hence the presumed public health and socio-economic impacts, extension work on safe disposal of infected offal and dead animals, awareness creation to the community about the disease, construction of abattoirs with appropriate disposal pits and strict meat inspection should be given due consideration
Keywords: Abattoir; Camelus dromedarius; Cystic echinococcosis; Prevalence; Risk factor.
Effects of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) Seeds and their Combination as Feed Additive on Intake, Muscle chemical composition, Sensory Quality and Hematology of Broilers
Authors: Girma Meseret , Ameha Negassi , Zeryehun Tesfaheywet , Mathewos Zinabu , Tadesse Netsanet 
Published: April 2021

A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of feeding neem (Azadirachta indica) and pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed as natural feed additive for broiler chicks on dry matter intake, mortality, meat quality and blood parameters of broilers. One hundred ninety two day-old Cobb 500 chicks distributed to four treatments with three replications in a completely randomized design. Feed offered and refusals were recorded and Dry matter intake was calculated as the difference between the two on dry matter basis. At the end of the trial, four broilers were randomly picked up from each replication and slaughtered for carcass evaluation and the treatment used were ration that contain only commercial broiler diet (0 kg Neem and pumpkin seed (0NS-PS)), 1kg neem seed on 100kg commercial broiler diet (1NS), 1kg pumpkin seed on 100kg commercial broiler diet (1PS) and 1kg of neem and pumpkin seed combination on 100kg of commercial broiler diet (1NS-PS) stands for Treatment1, Treatment 2, Treatment 3 and Treatment 4 respectively. The average daily dry matter intake during the entire experimental period was 106, 111, 114 and 117 g/ bird for 0NS-PS, 1NS, 1PS and 1NS-PS respectively, and it was significantly higher (p<0.05) for 1NS-PS as compared to 0NS-PS, 1NS and 1PS. The serum cholesterol and white blood cell of broilers in the experimental period were significantly (p<0.05) decreased but total blood protein was significantly (p< 0.05) increased among treatment. Crude protein content of breast and thigh meat was significantly high for 1NS-PS. It is concluded that neem and pumpkin seed can be a good feed additive for broiler production aside its nutritional importance.
Key words: Broiler; Feed additive; Hematology; Neem and Pumpkin seed.
Distribution of Тrifolium rubens in Ukraine and the current state of its populations in Zakarpattia
Authors: Gnatiuk Alla , Gaponenko Mykola , Loya Vlasta , Gaponenko Andrew 
Published: April 2021

Trifolium rubens is a Central European forest-steppe plant species reaching its eastern distribution limit in Ukraine and listed in the Red Book of Ukraine (2009).Our study was carried out in 2016–2020 and aimed to analyze the distribution of T. rubens in Ukraine, to identify the composition of phytocoenoses with T. rubens, and to evaluate the current state of its populations in the Zakarpattia region of Ukraine. The distribution of this species was analyzed based on data obtained from the field surveys, literature, online resources, and herbaria. In total, 78 localities of T. rubens were analyzed. Trifolium rubens was found to be distributed in Zakarpattia, Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil, Rivne, Khmelnytskyi, Chernivtsi, and Vinnytsia regions of Ukraine. Two of these regions (Khmelnytskyi and Chernivtsi) were not mentioned before in the Red Book of Ukraine. The presence of T. rubens in Volyn, Zhytomyr, Cherkasy, and Kyiv regions is doubtful and not confirmed by recent data. Most localities of this species are known from Zakarpattia and Lviv regions.Three new localities were found in the Beregovo district of the Zakarpattia region in the foothills of the Volcanic Carpathians. The floristic compositions of the plant communities and ontogenetic structure of T. rubens populations in Beregovo and Mukachevo districts of the Zakarpattia region were investigated. Investigated populations are isolated with a dispersed disposition of plants on large areas. Trifolium rubens occurs here in meadow-steppe and meadow areas, on hillsides, and also participate in mesoxerophilous secondary (semi-natural) shrub communities in anthropogenically transformed areas. Often such populations are situated along pathways, on forest edges and fallow lands, and associated with ecotones of Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei class. All studied populations were incomplete with the domination of generative shoots.
Violências contra as mulheres na pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Costa Patricia Rosalba Salvador Moura , Grossi Miriam Pillar , Valcuende del Río José Maria , Costa Luisa Maria Ramos , Oliveira Maria Luiza Vasconcelos Fernandes 
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar, a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero, as distintas formas de representação sobre violências que atingem mulheres durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Para tanto, averiguamos como foram veiculadas, na imprensa e nas mídias sociais, notícias, imagens e discursos que apresentam o debate sobre as violências contra as mulheres no Brasil entre março e junho de 2020. Examinamos também imagens representadas em memes e vídeos que circularam nas páginas do Facebook, Twitter, Instagram e WhatsApp. Conluímos que as noticias publicadas na imprensa e a publicações nas redes sociais evidenciam como a COVID-19, durante os períodos de confinamento, desorganizou a sexualização dos espaços, forçando uma reconfiguração das relações de gênero e como consequência o aumento das violências contra as mulheres que estavam confinadas com seus parceiros nos espaços domésticos.
Palavras-chave: COVID-19; Gênero; Mídias; Imprensa.
KESALAHAN MORFOSINTAKSIS PADA BUKU AJAR BAHASA ARAB KELAS 5 MI TERBITAN DEPARTEMEN PENDIDIKAN HIDAYATULLAH
Authors: Hiday Dzawil , Safitri Ria , Alfan Muhammad 
Published: April 2021

Buku ajar memegang peranan yang sangat penting dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar dan menyampaikan materi kurikulum dalam mata pelajaran sehingga menjadi bagian sentral dalam suatu sistem pendidikan. Buku ajar juga berperan penting dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan dasardan menengah, sehingga perlu adanya uji kelayakan buku ajar karena memungkinkan terjadinya kesalahan penulisan ataupun kesalahan penggunaan bahasa. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menganalisis buku ajar bahasa arab kelas 5 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah terbitan Departemen Pendidikan Pengurus Pusat Hidayatullah Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk kesalahan morfologi dan bentuk kesalahan sintaksis yang terdapat pada buku ajar bahasa arab kelas 5 Madrasah ISbtidaiyah terbitan Departemen Pendidikan Pengurus Pusat Hidayatullah Tahun 2020. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Kualitatif deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menemukan 10 kesalahan, 3 kesalahan berupa sintaksis dan 7 kesalahan morfologi.
EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB BERBASIS MEDIA E-LEARNING
Authors: Muhimmatul Choiroh  
Published: April 2021

Pembelajaran tidak akan terlepas dari sebuah evaluasi, seiring berkembangnya zaman, dan seiring dengan kecanggihan sebuah teknologi yang ada, memunculkan berbagai macam media dalam pengaplikasian evaluasi. E-learning menjadi jawaban atas segala kecanggihan yang ada saat ini, dimana metode pembelajaran dengan menggunakan teknologi saat ini sangat diperlukan karena masyarakat sedang berada dalam masa pandemi Covid-19 yang mana pembelajaran dilakukan jarak jauh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Evaluatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan media google form dalam pengaplikasiannya. Adapun hasilnya yakni untuk memaparkan macam-macam media yang relevan untuk evaluasi pembelajaran bahasa Arab, juga memaparkan kelebihan dan kekurangan media evaluasi berbasis e-learning, khususnya media google form. Diharapkan dengan adanya artikel ini dapat menjadi pilihan alternatif dalam melakukan evaluasi pembelajaran, khususnya bahasa Arab.
Modelling Gaze Behaviour in Subtitle Processing
Authors: Lång Juha , Vrzakova Hana , Mehtätalo Lauri 
Published: April 2021

One of the main rules of subtitling states that subtitles should be formatted and timed so that viewers have enough time to read and understand the text but also to follow the picture. In this paper we examine the factors that influence the time viewers spend looking at subtitles. We concentrate on the lexical and structural properties of subtitles. The participant group (N = 14) watched a television documentary with Russian narration and Finnish subtitles (the participants’ native language), while their eye movements were tracked. Using a linear mixed-effects model, we identified significant effects of subtitle duration and character count on the time participants spent looking at the subtitles. The model also revealed significant inter-individual differences, despite the fact that the participant group was seemingly homogeneous. The findings underline the complexity of subtitled audiovisual material as a stimulus of cognitive processing. We provide a starting point for more comprehensive modelling of the factors involved in gaze behaviour when watching subtitled content.
Lay summary
Subtitles have become a popular method for watching foreign series and films even in countries that have traditionally used dubbing in this regard. Because subtitles are visible to the viewer a short, limited time, they should be composed so that they are easy to read, and that the viewer has time to also follow the image. Nevertheless, the factors that have impact the time it takes to read a subtitle is not very well known. We wanted to find out what makes people who are watching subtitled television shows spend more time gazing at the subtitles? To answer this question, we recorded the eye movements of 14 participants when they were watching a short, subtitled television documentary. We created a statistical model of the gaze behavior from the eye movement data and found that both the length of the subtitle and the time the subtitle is visible are separate contributing factors. We also discovered large differences between individual viewers. Our conclusion is that people process subtitled content in very different ways, but there are some common tendencies. Our model can be seen as solid starting point for comprehensive modelling of gaze behavior of people watching subtitled audiovisual material.
Illegal migration as a factor of security threat in Kosovo
Authors: Sylejmani Rrahman , Maloku Elda 
Published: April 2021

In this paper it is analyzed the illegal migration which in the modern societies in recent decades is characterized with a great expansion, dynamic, organization and transnational connection. The research objects of this scientific paper are security challenges, risks and threats from illegal migration as well as the perception of the citizens of Pristina regarding the phenomenon and presence of illegal migration in Kosovo. In order to understand the opinion and perception of the citizens in the Republic of Kosovo regarding the presence of the illegal migration in Kosovo, a survey was conducted of 160 citizens of Pristina who answered 6 questions submitted through random method. Through this research it is intended to be understood first how much ordinary citizens have knowledge about the purpose of exploitation of victims by smugglers, what they may face during their journey, the factors that affect the occurrence of this phenomenon. Furthermore, raising the awareness of the citizens to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in cases of occurrence and investigation of migrants smuggling and also their awareness of the risk of possible terrorist attacks and the increasing crime rate that may carry the presence of these illegal migrants. The paper uses the survey method, the method of processing, analysis and interpretation of the obtained data as well as the comparative method.
Could phenological records from Chinese poems of the Tang and Song dynasties (618–1279 CE) be reliable evidence of past climate changes?
Authors: Liu Yachen , Fang Xiuqi , Dai Junhu , Wang Huanjiong , Tao Zexing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Phenological records in historical documents have been proven to be of unique value for reconstructing past climate changes. As a literary genre,
poetry reached its peak in the Tang and Song dynasties (618–1279 CE) in China. Sources from this period could provide abundant phenological
records in the absence of phenological observations. However, the reliability of phenological records from poems, as well as their processing methods,
remains to be comprehensively summarized and discussed. In this paper, after introducing the certainties and uncertainties of phenological
information in poems, the key processing steps and methods for deriving phenological records from poems and using them in past climate change
studies are discussed: (1) two principles, namely the principle of conservatism and the principle of personal experience, should be followed to
reduce uncertainties; (2) the phenological records in poems need to be filtered according to the types of poems, background information, rhetorical
devices, spatial representations, and human influence; (3) animals and plants are identified at the species level according to their modern
distributions and the sequences of different phenophases; (4) phenophases in poems are identified on the basis of modern observation criteria;
(5) the dates and sites for the phenophases in poems are confirmed from background information and related studies. As a case study, 86 phenological
records from poems of the Tang Dynasty in the Guanzhong region in China were extracted to reconstruct annual temperature anomalies in specific years
in the period between 600 and 900 CE. Following this, the reconstruction from poems was compared with relevant reconstructions in published studies to
demonstrate the validity and reliability of phenological records from poems in studies of past climate changes. This paper reveals that the
phenological records from poems could be useful evidence of past climate changes after being scientifically processed. This could provide an
important reference for future studies in this domain, in both principle and methodology, pursuant of extracting and applying phenological records
from poems for larger areas and different periods in Chinese history.
ASPEK HUKUM TERHADAP PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA BATAS WILAYAH DESA SENDI DI KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO
Authors: Riza Indra Naufal , Harianti Isnin , Suyatno Suyatno , Zamroni M 
Published: April 2021

Studi ini bertujuan meneliti penyelesaian perselisihan yang disediakan dalam sistem hukum Indonesia dan peran pemerintah dalam menyelesaikan sengketa perbatasan. studi ini mengunakan yuridis-empiris. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa; Pertama, sengketa tanah batas wilayah desa Sendi telah dipicu oleh krn agresi militer belanda, yg menyebabkan warga sendi meninggalkan wilayah sendi untuk mengungsi. Karena terjadi kekosongan tersebut, perhutan mengklaim itu miliknya. Dgn pembuktian jual beli uang golden dgn kepala desa yg dulu. Sekitar th 1998, warga keturunan sendi, menghendaki kembalinya desa Sendi. Kedua, paradigma penyelesaian sengketa batas umumnya melalui dua cara; resolusi sengketa perbatasan non-hukum, dan penyelesaian hukum. Dalam resolusi non-hukum, ini dimediasi oleh Kemendagri dan Pemerintah; sementara, dalam penyelesaian sengketa hukum itu dicapai melalui peninjauan kembali ke Mahkamah Agung atau Mahkamah Konstitusi. Ketiga, dalam sengketa batas wilayah, peran kasus sengketa adalah pemerintah. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa desa adat menjadi salah satu solusi untuk dapat mengakhiri sengketa desa Sendi antara penduduk Desa dengan Perhutani
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SELAMA PANDEMI DENGAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA
Authors: Handayani Turah 
Published: April 2021

Indonesia mengalami pandemi Covid-19 di awal tahun 2020. Pandemi ini memaksa masyarakat untuk tetap di rumah untuk menekan penyebaran virus, termasuk di sektor pendidikan. Pembelajaran harus dilaksanakan secara daring dari rumah. Orangtua turut berperan dalam cara belajar yang baru ini. Aktivitas Belajar Dari Rumah (BDR) ini mengingatkan implementasi pendidikan karakter dimana keluarga juga merupakan fondasi pendidikan. Sebagai penelitian kualitatif, peneliti menganalisis bagaimana 18 nilai pendidikan karakter, oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, diimplementasikan di lingkungan keluarga di masa Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan kuesioner terhadap informan dan responden yaitu sejumlah orang tua dan peserta didik yang diampu oleh peneliti di SMP Negeri 85 Jakarta. Narasi dan hasil respons yang diperoleh dari informan dan responden digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan temuan. Hasil temuan menunjukkan 18 nilai pendidikan karakter tersebut dilaksanakan dengan baik oleh keluarga di rumah dengan persentase pelaksanaan paling rendah 85 persen dan paling tinggi 100 persen.

Indonesia experienced Covid-19 outbreak in the beginning of 2020. This outbreak forced people to stay at home for pushing down virus spreading, including education sector. Learning activity had to be done by online in home. Parents took role in this new learning manner. This learning from home activity reminds the implementation of character education that family is also the foundation of education. As qualitative research, the researcher analyzes how the 18 values of character education, issued by the Ministry of Education and Culture in Republic of Indonesia, are implemented family in the period of distance learning. The data collection was done by doing interview and questionnaire to informants and respondents, they are a group of parents and students that were taught by the researcher in SMP Negeri 85 Jakarta. The narration and response result taken from informants and respondents were used to describe findings. The findings show that the 18 values of character education were done well by the families in home with the percentage of implementation at the lowest 85 percent and the highest 100 percent.