bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
5G for the Support of Public Safety Services
Authors: Chochliouros Ioannis P. , Spiliopoulou Anastasia S. , Lazaridis Pavlos I. , Zaharis Zaharias D. , Spada Maria-Rita , Pérez-Romero Jordi , Blanco Bego , Khalife Hicham , Ebrahimi Khaleghi Ehsan , Kourtis Michail-Alexandros 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNext-generation mobile technologies are the enablers for meeting the variable specific requirements of the public safety (PS) community. In particular, due to the development of commercially deployed 5G networks, PS providers look for ways to implement related solutions upon such infrastructures, potentially in a shared use with existing commercial networks. In particular, LTE and 5G NR networks are rapidly gaining recognition as an all-inclusive critical communications platform for the delivery of both mission and business critical applications. Within this scope, we take into account the innovative architectural approach that has been proposed by the 5G ESSENCE project, addressing the paradigms of edge computing and small cell as-a-service that has been realised via a cloud-enabled small cell infrastructure leveraging multi-access technologies in 5G, where we propose a dedicated PS use case, able to offer a mission critical push-to-talk service as well as a Chat and Localisation service. Each one of these services is associated to a dedicated network slice within the scope of the corresponding fundamental 5G ESSENCE architecture and both services are provided via suitable VNFs, thus offering great flexibility to serve PS needs together. We further discuss the overall scenario deployment with the related technical enablers and the proposed functionalities, per case. The corresponding end-to-end slicing makes possible to allocate both radio and cloud resources to the involved critical actors, in an automated and elastic way.
Effect of straw retention on carbon footprint under different cropping sequences in Northeast China
Authors: Song Qiulai , Zhu Jie , Gong Zhenping , Feng Yanjiang , Wang Qi , Sun Yu , Zeng Xiannan , Lai Yongcai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInappropriate farm management practices can lead to increased agricultural inputs and changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, impacting climate change. This study was initiated in 2012 to assess the potential for straw retention to mitigate the negative environmental impact of various cropping systems on the Songnen Plain using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method combined with field survey data. Straw retention (STR) and straw removal (STM) treatments were established in continuous corn (CC) and corn-soybean rotation (CS) systems in a split-plot experiment. The effects of straw retention on the carbon footprint (CF) of cropland under different cropping systems were compared. The CF under CC was 2434–2707 kg CO2 ha−1 year−1, 49–57% higher than that under CS. Nitrogen fertilizer produced the most CO2, accounting for 66–80% of the CF. The carbon balances of the CC and CS systems with STR were positive, with annual carbon sequestrations of 9633 and 2716 kg CO2 ha−1 year−1, respectively. The carbon balance (CB) of CC-STR was 255% higher than that of CS-STR. This study demonstrates that STR under CC cultivation is an environmentally friendly practice for agricultural production, can help achieve high-yield and low-carbon production in rainfed cropland, and can support the sustainable development of grain production in Northeast China.
Free-Market, Perfect Market and Welfare State Perspectives on “Good” Markets: an Empirical Test
Authors: Graafland Johan , Verbruggen Harmen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between human development and market institutions and tests the performance of three alternative economic perspectives that each assign a different role to governments. In the free-market perspective, the principal task of the government is to protect property rights. In the perfect-market perspective, the government has the additional responsibility of correcting market failures. The welfare-state perspective posits that the state must actively adopt welfare-state policies across a broad range of fields. Based on a sample of 34 OECD countries plus Russia across a time frame spanning 1990 to 2018, the results demonstrate that economic freedom and small size of government do not significantly affect human development as measured by the Human Development Index. Hence, we find no support for the free-market ideal. Conversely, it is found that human development is positively related to governmental interventions that aim to reduce externalities (public expenditure on education and environmental regulation). These results support the perfect-market perspective. With respect to the welfare-state perspective, the findings are mixed. On the one hand, we found that (some) labor market regulations (particularly hiring and firing regulations, hours regulations and mandated cost of worker dismissal) have a negative impact upon human development. On the other hand, human development is shown to be positively affected by governmental intervention seeking to reduce gender stratification in the labor market.
Sustaining Forest Ecosystem Services Through Social Enterprises: Motivations and Challenges from a Case Study in Scotland
Authors: Zhang Shaohui , Paterson James S. , Hujala Teppo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBoth the concepts of ecosystem services and social enterprise have gained popularity as means of addressing social and environmental issues in recent years. But while research on ecosystem services has focused on non-governmental organisation and local community-led approaches, the role of social enterprises has received less attention. In Scotland, social enterprises play an important role in delivering social and environmental justice, as well as reaping economic benefits through forest-based practices. These practices are often small-scale and attract participants from local communities. But despite this prominence their motivations and the challenges they face remain largely unexplored. This research attempts to integrate both concepts mainly using field observations and interviews, and to reinforce the findings with the existing literature. It explores the motivations and challenges of social enterprises in sustaining forest ecosystem services through a case study, and discusses their potential within the context of current policy. The research suggests that social enterprises are equipped to tackle a range of social and environmental issues. The enterprise under investigation aims to improve participants’ wellbeing and employability, as well as to provide public education and promote environmental awareness. But these efforts are often hindered by the difficulties of high requirements of the manager and staff members in balancing multiple objectives and most importantly, of managing financial risks. The research concludes that a practical method of assessing cultural ecosystem services as well as the use of innovative funding norms may resolve these challenges, allowing social enterprises to fill the current policy gap and create synergies in the fields of ecosystem services and social enterprise.
Key factors controlling shale oil enrichment in saline lacustrine rift basin: implications from two shale oil wells in Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Hu Tao , Pang Xiong-Qi , Jiang Fu-Jie , Wang Qi-Feng , Wu Guan-Yun , Liu Xiao-Han , Jiang Shu , Li Chang-Rong , Xu Tian-Wu , Chen Yuan-Yuan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractComparative analyses of petroleum generation potential, reservoir volume, frackability, and oil mobility were conducted on 102 shale cores from the Dongpu Depression. Results show the shale has high organic matter contents composed of oil-prone type I and type II kerogens within the oil window. Various types of pores and fractures exist in the shale, with a porosity of up to 14.9%. The shale has high brittle mineral contents, extensive fractures, and high potential for oil mobility due to high seepage capacity and overpressure. Although the petroleum generation potential of the shale at Well PS18-8 is relatively greater than that at Well PS18-1, oil content of the latter is greater due to the greater TOC. The porosity and fracture density observed in Well PS18-1 are greater and more conducive to shale oil enrichment. Although the shales in Wells PS18-1 and PS18-8 have similar brittle mineral contents, the former is more favorable for anthropogenic fracturing due to a higher preexisting fracture density. Besides, the shale at Well PS18-1 has a higher seepage capacity and overpressure and therefore a higher oil mobility. The fracture density and overpressure play key roles in shale oil enrichment.
Can I Feel Your Pain? The Biological and Socio-Cognitive Factors Shaping People’s Empathy with Social Robots
Authors: Malinowska Joanna K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper discuss the phenomenon of empathy in social robotics and is divided into three main parts. Initially, I analyse whether it is correct to use this concept to study and describe people’s reactions to robots. I present arguments in favour of the position that people actually do empathise with robots. I also consider what circumstances shape human empathy with these entities. I propose that two basic classes of such factors be distinguished: biological and socio-cognitive. In my opinion, one of the most important among them is a sense of group membership with robots, as it modulates the empathic responses to representatives of our- and other- groups. The sense of group membership with robots may be co-shaped by socio-cognitive factors such as one’s experience, familiarity with the robot and its history, motivation, accepted ontology, stereotypes or language. Finally, I argue in favour of the formulation of a pragmatic and normative framework for manipulations in the level of empathy in human–robot interactions.
Expression of Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP), Cecropin B, in a Fused Form to SUMO Tag With or Without Three-Glycine Linker in Escherichia coli and Evaluation of Bacteriolytic Activity of the Purified AMP
Authors: Park A Rom , Kim Seon Woong , Kim Soon Young , Kwon Kwang-Chul 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCurrent antibiotics have limited action mode, which makes it difficult for the antibiotics dealing with the emergence of bacteria resisting the existing antibiotics. As a need for new bacteriolytic agents alternative to the antibiotics, AMPs have long been considered substitutes for the antibiotics. Cecropin B was expressed in a fusion form to six-histidine and SUMO tags in Escherichia coli. Six-histidine tag attached to SUMO was for purification of SUMO-cecropin B fusion proteins and removal of the SUMO tag from cecropin B. Chimeric gene was constructed into pKSEC1 vector that was designed to be functional in both Escherichia coli and chloroplast. To maximize translation of the fusion protein, sequences were codon-optimized. Four different constructs were tested for the level of expression and solubility, and the construct with a linker, 6xHisSUMO3xGly-cecropin B, showed the highest expression. In addition, cleavage of the SUMO tag by SUMOase in the three fusion constructs which have no linker sequence (3xGly, three glycines) was not as efficient as the construct with the linker between SUMO and cecropin B. The cleaved cecropin B showed bacteriolytic activity against Bacillus subtilis at a concentration of 0.0625 μg/μL, while cecropin B fused to SUMO had no activity at a higher concentration, 0.125 μg/μL. As an expression system for AMPs in prokaryotic hosts, the use of tag proteins and appropriate codon-optimization strategy can be employed and further genetic modification of the fusion construct should help the complete removal of the tag proteins from the AMP in the final step of purification.
Development of SNP markers derived from RAD sequencing for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) inhabiting the rivers of southern England
Authors: King R. Andrew , Stevens Jamie R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe rivers of the Hampshire Basin, southern England contain a genetically unique group of Atlantic salmon that have suffered dramatic declines in numbers over the last 40 years. Knowledge of levels and patterns of genetic diversity is essential for effective management of these vulnerable populations. Using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) data, we describe the development and characterisation of a panel of 94 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for salmon from this region and investigate their applicability and variability in both target (i.e. southern English) and non-target populations. The SNP loci will be useful for population genetic and assignment studies on Atlantic salmon within the UK and beyond.
$$\omega ^\omega $$-Base and infinite-dimensional compact sets in locally convex spaces
Authors: Banakh Taras , Ka̧kol Jerzy , Schürz Johannes Philipp 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA locally convex space (lcs) E is said to have an $$\omega ^{\omega }$$

ω
ω

-base if E has a neighborhood base $$\{U_{\alpha }:\alpha \in \omega ^\omega \}$$

{

U
α

:
α
∈

ω
ω

}

at zero such that $$U_{\beta }\subseteq U_{\alpha }$$

U
β

⊆

U
α

for all $$\alpha \le \beta $$

α
≤
β

. The class of lcs with an $$\omega ^{\omega }$$

ω
ω

-base is large, among others contains all (LM)-spaces (hence (LF)-spaces), strong duals of distinguished Fréchet lcs (hence spaces of distributions $$D^{\prime }(\Omega )$$

D
′

(
Ω
)

). A remarkable result of Cascales-Orihuela states that every compact set in an lcs with an $$\omega ^{\omega }$$

ω
ω

-base is metrizable. Our main result shows that every uncountable-dimensional lcs with an $$\omega ^{\omega }$$

ω
ω

-base contains an infinite-dimensional metrizable compact subset. On the other hand, the countable-dimensional vector space $$\varphi $$
φ
endowed with the finest locally convex topology has an $$\omega ^\omega $$

ω
ω

-base but contains no infinite-dimensional compact subsets. It turns out that $$\varphi $$
φ
is a unique infinite-dimensional locally convex space which is a $$k_{\mathbb {R}}$$

k
R

-space containing no infinite-dimensional compact subsets. Applications to spaces $$C_{p}(X)$$

C
p

(
X
)

are provided.
Modeling of water demand management in an arid area: case of Bechar city
Authors: Seddiki Sara , Cherif El Amine 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBechar city is located in arid climate of the Algerian Sahara, with an average annual rainfall of about 72 mm. There are two sources to ensure the water supply of the town of Bechar; the first comes from a watershed made up of eight non-renewable boreholes, and the second comes from the Djorf Torba dam, located about 45 km to the west. The pressure on water demand in the highland region depends on many factors, namely: demographic, social, climatic and economic. This study is based on the application of a water evaluation and planning computer tool on the city of Bechar. Which allows us to analyze the supply–demand balance in the water and assess the impact of different scenarios on the study area for manage the water resource and the projected water demand for the different sectors (drinking water, industrial water and agriculture) until 2060.
Comparative performance analysis of quantum machine learning with deep learning for diabetes prediction
Authors: Gupta Himanshu , Varshney Hirdesh , Sharma Tarun Kumar , Pachauri Nikhil , Verma Om Prakash 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Diabetes, the fastest growing health emergency, has created several life-threatening challenges to public health globally. It is a metabolic disorder and triggers many other chronic diseases such as heart attack, diabetic nephropathy, brain strokes, etc. The prime objective of this work is to develop a prognosis tool based on the PIMA Indian Diabetes dataset that will help medical practitioners in reducing the lethality associated with diabetes.

Methods
Based on the features present in the dataset, two prediction models have been proposed by employing deep learning (DL) and quantum machine learning (QML) techniques. The accuracy has been used to evaluate the prediction capability of these developed models. The outlier rejection, filling missing values, and normalization have been used to uplift the discriminatory performance of these models. Also, the performance of these models has been compared against state-of-the-art models.

Results
The performance measures such as precision, accuracy, recall, F1 score, specificity, balanced accuracy, false detection rate, missed detection rate, and diagnostic odds ratio have been achieved as 0.90, 0.95, 0.95, 0.93, 0.95, 0.95, 0.03, 0.02, and 399.00 for DL model respectively, However for QML, these measures have been computed as 0.74, 0.86, 0.85, 0.79, 0.86, 0.86, 0.11, 0.05, and 35.89 respectively.

Conclusion
The proposed DL model has a high diabetes prediction accuracy as compared with the developed QML and existing state-of-the-art models. It also uplifts the performance by 1.06% compared to reported work. However, the performance of the QML model has been found as satisfactory and comparable with existing literature.
Clean-energy utilization technology in the transformation of existing urban residences in China
Authors: Zhao Li , Chen Wei , Li Qiong , Wu Weiwei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractClean-energy substitution technology for existing residential buildings in cities is an inevitable choice for sustainable development and low-carbon ecological city construction. In this paper, the current status of energy-saving renovation and renewable-energy applications for existing residential buildings in various cities in China was summarized by using statistical methods. The geographical distribution of clean-energy power generation in primary energy production in China was explored in depth. According to different climatic divisions for existing urban residences, clean-energy production and consumption were analyzed and predicted based on the STIRPAT model. The results show that the energy consumption of urban residential buildings in 2016 increased by 43.6% compared with 2009, and the percentage of clean energy also increased from 7.9% to 13.4%. Different climatic regions have different advantages regarding clean energy: nuclear power generation leads in the region that experiences hot summers and warm winters, whereas wind and solar power generation lead in the cold and severely cold regions. The present results provide basic data support for the planning and implementation of clean-energy upgrading and transformation systems in existing urban residences in China.
Primitive divisors of sequences associated to elliptic curves with complex multiplication
Authors: Verzobio Matteo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLet P and Q be two points on an elliptic curve defined over a number field K. For $$\alpha \in {\text {End}}(E)$$

α
∈
End
(
E
)

, define $$B_\alpha $$

B
α

to be the $$\mathcal {O}_K$$

O
K

-integral ideal generated by the denominator of $$x(\alpha (P)+Q)$$

x
(
α
(
P
)
+
Q
)

. Let $$\mathcal {O}$$
O
be a subring of $${\text {End}}(E)$$

End
(
E
)

, that is a Dedekind domain. We will study the sequence $$\{B_\alpha \}_{\alpha \in \mathcal {O}}$$

{

B
α

}

α
∈
O

. We will show that, for all but finitely many $$\alpha \in \mathcal {O}$$

α
∈
O

, the ideal $$B_\alpha $$

B
α

has a primitive divisor when P is a non-torsion point and there exist two endomorphisms $$g\ne 0$$

g
≠
0

and f so that $$f(P)= g(Q)$$

f
(
P
)
=
g
(
Q
)

. This is a generalization of previous results on elliptic divisibility sequences.
Complete chiral resolution in a continuous flow crystallizer with recycle stream
Authors: Neugebauer Peter , Triebl Andrea , Gruber-Woelfler Heidrun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRepeated temperature cycling of crystals from a conglomerate forming chiral substance suspended in their saturated solution has shown to be effective in converting a mixture of both enantiomers into an enantiomerically pure state. While by now a large number of different setups has been demonstrated, here we show for the first time how a continuous flow temperature cycler with recycle stream is capable of establishing enantiopurity while converting a racemic starting suspension. By capturing the most significant parameters influencing the process kinetics a competitive productivity could be achieved. We show, that fast crystal dissolution at high undersaturations and fast crystal growth at high supersaturations are speeding up the process as long as nucleation can be kept to a minimum or avoided at all. Temperature cycling has shown to result in a shift towards larger sizes for the particle size distribution of the crystals suspended, which is detrimental to the present process governed by size-dependent solubility. By implementing an ultrasound unit recycled material was comminuted, resulting in nearly stable deracemization rates.
Graphical abstract
Actuation Technologies for Soft Robot Grippers and Manipulators: A Review
Authors: Zaidi Shadab , Maselli Martina , Laschi Cecilia , Cianchetti Matteo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The new paradigm of soft robotics has been widely developed in the international robotics community. These robots being soft can be used in applications where delicate yet effective interaction is necessary. Soft grippers and manipulators are important, and their actuation is a fundamental area of study. The main purpose of this work is to provide readers with fast references to actuation technologies for soft robotic grippers in relation to their intended application.

Recent Findings
The authors have surveyed recent findings on actuation technologies for soft grippers. They presented six major kinds of technologies which are either used independently for actuation or in combination, e.g., pneumatic actuation combined with electro-adhesion, for certain applications.

Summary
A review on the latest actuation technologies for soft grippers and manipulators is presented. Readers will get a guide on the various methods of technology utilization based on the application.