bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variety‐specific transcript accumulation during reproductive stage in drought‐stressed rice
Authors: Gour Pratibha , Kansal Shivani , Agarwal Priyanka , Mishra Bhuwaneshwar Sharan , Sharma Deepika , Mathur Saloni , Raghuvanshi Saurabh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe divergence of natural stress tolerance mechanisms between species is an intriguing phenomenon. To study it in rice, a comparative transcriptome analysis was carried out in 'heading' stage tissue (flag leaf, panicles and roots) of Nagina 22 (N22; drought‐tolerant) and IR64 (drought‐sensitive) plants subjected to field drought. Interestingly, N22 showed almost double the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) than IR64. Many DEGs colocalized within drought‐related QTLs responsible for grain yield and drought tolerance and also associated with drought tolerance and critical drought‐related plant traits such as leaf rolling, trehalose content, sucrose and cellulose content. Besides, co‐expression analysis of the DEGs revealed several 'hub' genes known to actively regulate drought stress response. Strikingly, 1366 DEGs, including 21 'hub' genes, showed a distinct opposite regulation in the two rice varieties under similar drought conditions. Annotation of these variety‐specific DEGs (VS‐DEGs) revealed that they are distributed in various biological pathways. Furthermore, 103 VS‐DEGs were found to physically interact with over 1300 genes, including 32 that physically interact with other VS‐DEGs as well. The promoter region of these genes has sequence variations among the two rice varieties, which might be in part responsible for their unique expression pattern.
Multidimensional conservation laws and integrable systems II
Authors: Makridin Zakhar V. , Pavlov Maxim V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper we continue investigation of a new property of two‐dimensional integrable systems—existence of infinitely many local three‐dimensional conservation laws for pairs of integrable two‐dimensional commuting flows. Multicomponent two‐dimensional hydrodynamic reductions of the Mikhalëv equation are considered. Infinitely many three‐dimensional local conservation laws for the Korteweg–de Vries pair of commuting flows are constructed. Thus, we show that pairs of commuting dispersive two‐dimensional systems also possess infinitely many local three‐dimensional conservation laws. They can be used for averaging of multiparametric families of solutions to the Mikhalëv equation.
Longitudinal and cross‐sectional associations of adherence to 24‐hour movement guidelines with cardiometabolic risk
Authors: Leppänen Marja H. , Haapala Eero A. , Väistö Juuso , Ekelund Ulf , Brage Søren , Kilpeläinen Tuomas O. , Lakka Timo A. 
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to examine (1) adherence to 24 h movement guidelines over a 2 years follow‐up in children aged 6–8 years and (2) association of this adherence with cardiometabolic risk factors. Physical activity and sleep were assessed by a monitor combining heart rate and accelerometry measurements. Screen time was reported by the parents. Body fat percentage, waist circumference, blood glucose, serum insulin, plasma lipids, and blood pressure were assessed, and a cardiometabolic risk score was calculated using z‐scores. Children were classified as meeting the guidelines if they had on average ≥60 min/day of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity during the valid days; ≤120 min/day of screen time; and 9–11 h/day of sleep. In total, 485 children had valid data at baseline or at 2 years follow‐up. Analyses were conducted using adjusted logistic and linear regression models. Most children adhered to the 24 h movement guidelines at baseline, but the adherence decreased over the 2 years follow‐up. Meeting physical activity guidelines individually, or in combination with screen time and/or sleep, was longitudinally associated with a lower cardiometabolic risk score, insulin and waist circumference, and cross‐sectionally additionally with lower diastolic blood pressure and higher high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, these associations became statistically non‐significant after adjustment for body fat. In conclusion, meeting 24 h movement guidelines at baseline increases the odds of meeting them at 2 years follow‐up in school‐aged children. Furthermore, meeting 24 h movement guidelines is associated with lower levels of cardiometabolic risk factors, but these associations are partly explained by lower body fat. Thus, promoting movement behaviors, especially physical activity, and healthy weight in early childhood is important in supporting cardiometabolic health in children.
El mat-building aplicado en vivienda
Authors: Sarmiento Ocampo Jaime 
Published: October 2021

Mat-building (edificio estera) es el término que acuñó Alison Smithson para designar cierto tipo de edificios con capacidad de transformación en el tiempo, para otorgar mayores libertades a los individuos. El mat-building nos conduce a otro tipo de arquitectura que se aleja de lo formal —el objeto terminado—, para evidenciar una disposición adaptable a maneras de habitar variable.
La variabilidad del sistema se presta para albergar la vida cambiante de los seres humanos, es decir, para la vivienda. El mat representa hoy día una de las posibilidades más grandes por desarrollar en plena forma la vivienda contemporánea, pues permite la adaptación de las ciudades y su población en diferentes ámbitos y escalas. Al final del texto, a manera de conclusión, se presenta un ejemplo de aplicación, el sistema CAH, ganador del concurso BCN-NYC Affordable Housing Challenge para vivienda asequible en Barcelona y Nueva York.
Cross-sectional comparisons of sodium content in processed meat and fish products among five countries: potential for feasible targets and reformulation
Authors: Song Yuzhu , Li Yuan , Guo Chunlei , Wang Yishan , Huang Liping , Tan Monique , He Feng J , Harris Terry , MacGregor Graham A , Ding Jingmin , Dong Le , Liu Yu , Wang Huijun , Zhang Puhong , Ma Yuxia 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionReducing sodium intake has been identified as a highly cost-effective strategy to prevent and control high blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular mortality. This study aims to compare the sodium content in processed meat and fish products among five countries, which will contribute to the evidence-base for feasible strategies of sodium reduction in such products.MethodsSodium content on product labels of 26 500 prepackaged products, 19 601 meat and 6899 fish, was collected in supermarkets from five countries using the FoodSwitch mobile application from 2012 to 2018. To be specific, it was 1898 products in China, 885 in the UK, 5673 in Australia, 946 in South Africa and 17 098 in the USA. Cross-sectional comparisons of sodium levels and proportions meeting 2017 UK sodium reduction targets were conducted using Kruskal-Wallis H and the χ2test, respectively across the five countries.ResultsThe results showed that processed meat and fish products combined in China had the highest sodium level (median 1050 mg/100 g, IQR: 774–1473), followed by the USA, South Africa, Australia, with the lowest levels found in UK (432 mg/100 g, IQR: 236–786) (p<0.001). Similar variations, that is, a twofold to threefold difference of sodium content between the highest and the lowest countries were found among processed meat and fish products separately. Large sodium content variations were also found in certain specific food subcategories across the five countries, as well as across different food subcategories within each country.ConclusionProcessed meat and fish products differ greatly in sodium content across different countries and across different food subcategories. This indicates great potential for food producers to reformulate the products in sodium content, as well as for consumers to select less salted food.
Reconstructing Tsallis holographic quintessence
Authors: Sharma Umesh Kumar , Srivastava Vandna 
Published: October 2021

Within the framework of quantum gravity and modified entropy-area formalism, the Tsallis holographic dark energy is an effort to peep into a mysterious content of the Universe, the dark energy, to analyze its nature. The Tsallis parameter [Formula: see text] provides the main characteristic of the Tsallis holographic dark energy. Opting the value of Tsallis parameter [Formula: see text], a quintessence scalar field description of the Tsallis holographic dark energy model can be obtained. In this work, we present this quintessential explanation of the Tsallis holographic dark energy with [Formula: see text] and reconstruct the dynamics of the scalar field and the potential of quintessence.
A multiparty session typing discipline for fault-tolerant event-driven distributed programming
Authors: Viering Malte , Hu Raymond , Eugster Patrick , Ziarek Lukasz 
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a formulation of multiparty session types (MPSTs) for practical fault-tolerant distributed programming. We tackle the challenges faced by session types in the context of distributed systems involving asynchronous and concurrent partial failures – such as supporting dynamic replacement of failed parties and retrying failed protocol segments in an ongoing multiparty session – in the presence of unreliable failure detection. Key to our approach is that we develop a novel model of event-driven concurrency for multiparty sessions. Inspired by real-world practices, it enables us to unify the session-typed handling of regular I/O events with failure handling and the combination of features needed to express practical fault-tolerant protocols. Moreover, the characteristics of our model allow us to prove a global progress property for well-typed processes engaged in multiple concurrent sessions, which does not hold in traditional MPST systems.
To demonstrate its practicality, we implement our framework as a toolchain and runtime for Scala, and use it to specify and implement a session-typed version of the cluster management system of the industrial-strength Apache Spark data analytics framework. Our session-typed cluster manager composes with other vanilla Spark components to give a functioning Spark runtime; e.g., it can execute existing third-party Spark applications without code modification. A performance evaluation using the TPC-H benchmark shows our prototype implementation incurs an average overhead below 10%.
Compilation of sparse array programming models
Authors: Henry Rawn , Hsu Olivia , Yadav Rohan , Chou Stephen , Olukotun Kunle , Amarasinghe Saman , Kjolstad Fredrik 
Published: October 2021

This paper shows how to compile sparse array programming languages. A sparse array programming language is an array programming language that supports element-wise application, reduction, and broadcasting of arbitrary functions over dense and sparse arrays with any fill value. Such a language has great expressive power and can express sparse and dense linear and tensor algebra, functions over images, exclusion and inclusion filters, and even graph algorithms.
Our compiler strategy generalizes prior work in the literature on sparse tensor algebra compilation to support any function applied to sparse arrays, instead of only addition and multiplication. To achieve this, we generalize the notion of sparse iteration spaces beyond intersections and unions. These iteration spaces are automatically derived by considering how algebraic properties annotated onto functions interact with the fill values of the arrays. We then show how to compile these iteration spaces to efficient code.
When compared with two widely-used Python sparse array packages, our evaluation shows that we generate built-in sparse array library features with a performance of 1.4× to 53.7× when measured against PyData/Sparse for user-defined functions and between 0.98× and 5.53× when measured against SciPy/Sparse for sparse array slicing. Our technique outperforms PyData/Sparse by 6.58× to 70.3×, and (where applicable) performs between 0.96× and 28.9× that of a dense NumPy implementation, on end-to-end sparse array applications. We also implement graph linear algebra kernels in our system with a performance of between 0.56× and 3.50× compared to that of the hand-optimized SuiteSparse:GraphBLAS library.
Static detection of silent misconfigurations with deep interaction analysis
Authors: Zhang Jialu , Piskac Ruzica , Zhai Ennan , Xu Tianyin 
Published: October 2021

The behavior of large systems is guided by their configurations: users set parameters in the configuration file to dictate which corresponding part of the system code is executed. However, it is often the case that, although some parameters are set in the configuration file, they do not influence the system runtime behavior, thus failing to meet the user’s intent. Moreover, such misconfigurations rarely lead to an error message or raising an exception. We introduce the notion of silent misconfigurations which are prohibitively hard to identify due to (1) lack of feedback and (2) complex interactions between configurations and code.
This paper presents ConfigX, the first tool for the detection of silent misconfigurations. The main challenge is to understand the complex interactions between configurations and the code that they affected. Our goal is to derive a specification describing non-trivial interactions between the configuration parameters that lead to silent misconfigurations. To this end, ConfigX uses static analysis to determine which parts of the system code are associated with configuration parameters. ConfigX then infers the connections between configuration parameters by analyzing their associated code blocks. We design customized control- and data-flow analysis to derive a specification of configurations. Additionally, we conduct reachability analysis to eliminate spurious rules to reduce false positives. Upon evaluation on five real-world datasets across three widely-used systems, Apache, vsftpd, and PostgreSQL, ConfigX detected more than 2200 silent misconfigurations. We additionally conducted a user study where we ran ConfigX on misconfigurations reported on user forums by real-world users. ConfigX easily detected issues and suggested repairs for those misconfigurations. Our solutions were accepted and confirmed in the interaction with the users, who originally posted the problems.
VESPA: static profiling for binary optimization
Authors: Moreira Angélica Aparecida , Ottoni Guilherme , Quintão Pereira Fernando Magno 
Published: October 2021

Over the past few years, there has been a surge in the popularity of binary optimizers such as BOLT, Propeller, Janus and HALO. These tools use dynamic profiling information to make optimization decisions. Although effective, gathering runtime data presents developers with inconveniences such as unrepresentative inputs, the need to accommodate software modifications, and longer build times. In this paper, we revisit the static profiling technique proposed by Calder
et al.
in the late 90’s, and investigate its application to drive binary optimizations, in the context of the BOLT binary optimizer, as a replacement for dynamic profiling. A few core modifications to Calder et al.’s original proposal, consisting of new program features and a new regression model, are sufficient to enable some of the gains obtained through runtime profiling. An evaluation of BOLT powered by our static profiler on four large benchmarks (clang, GCC, MySQL and PostgreSQL) yields binaries that are 5.47 % faster than the executables produced by clang -O3.
User Perceptions of Security and Privacy for Group Chat
Authors: Oesch Sean , Abu-Salma Ruba , Diallo Oumar , Krämer Juliane , Simmons James , Wu Justin , Ruoti Scott 
Published: October 2021

Secure messaging tools are an integral part of modern society. To understand users’ security and privacy perceptions and requirements for secure group chat, we surveyed 996 respondents in the US and UK. Our results show that group chat presents important security and privacy challenges, some of which are not present in one-to-one chat. For example, users need to be able to manage and monitor group membership, establish trust for new group members, and filter content that they share in different chat contexts. We also find that respondents lack mechanisms for determining which tools are secure and instead rely on non-technical strategies for protecting their privacy—for example, self-filtering and carefully tracking group membership.
To better understand how these results relate to existing tools, we conduct cognitive walkthroughs (a form of expert usability review) for five popular group chat tools. Our results demonstrate that while existing tools address some items identified in our surveys, this support is partial and is insufficient in many cases. As such, there is a need for improved group chat tools that better align with user perceptions and requirements. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations on improving the security and usability of secure group chat.
An Investigative Study of Hepatic Arterial Anomalies in a West Indian Population
Authors: Cawich Shamir O. , Sinanan Alexander , Gosein Maria , Pearce Neil , Deshpande Rahul , Mohammed Fawwaz , Naraynsingh Vijay , Fortune Maurice , Rampersad Fidel 
Published: October 2021

Purpose. There are many known variations in the arterial supply to the liver. We sought to document the incidence and details of anomalies of the extrahepatic arteries in an unselected population in the West Indies. Methods. This study spanned 24 months. All 205 CT scans were evaluated at a hepatobiliary referral center in Trinidad and Tobago. We described the anomalies of the arterial supply to the liver using the conventional classification proposed by Michels. Results. 205 CT scans were evaluated, and 112 persons (54.6%) had conventional Type 1 anatomy. However, compared to the incidence in the existing medical literature, we encountered a greater incidence of replaced right hepatic arteries (18.1% vs 11%;

P

0.04

) and a lower incidence of accessory right hepatic arteries (2.4% vs 7%;

P

0.030

). Conclusion. Although 54.6% of persons in this West Indian population have conventional hepatic arterial supply, the distribution of anatomic variants of the right hepatic artery is quite different to that seen in North American and European centers. We found a higher incidence of replaced right hepatic arteries and a lower incidence of accessory right hepatic arteries.
Do-it-Yourself Corpora: what are they and who are they for?
Authors: Carvalho Carolina Tavares de , Laranja Luana Aparecida Nazzi , Pinto Paula Tavares 
Published: October 2021

The use of corpora in translation, teaching, and academic writing has been increasing significantly over the last years. Do-it-yourself (DIY) corpora are particularly useful to those areas. This paper presents a theoretical review and discusses the use of DIY corpora in translation, in language teaching, and in academic writing. Evidence shows that, with the aid of computational tools, DIY corpora provide translators with better options for translating texts and extracting terminology. At the same time, it can be a resourceful tool for teachers planning their language for general or specific purposes classes, or for researchers who aim to observe the structure and language patterns of their own areas of research. The studies described show that DIY corpora are resourceful tools that can be used in different but correlated contexts.
A Method of Resolutions: Rereading NE 7.1, 1145b2–7
Authors: Rossi Gabriela 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article is about the methodological remarks in Nicomachean Ethics 7.1, 1145b2–7, and the way they are carried out in the following chapters. I argue that the procedure therein described does not aim to establish consistency among a subset of endoxa, but to test and refine—by considering and resolving objections against them—endoxa that could enter into a nominal definition of continence and incontinence. The dialectical lineage of this discussion, if there is one, is to be found in the use of the critical procedure of resolution that can be traced back to Topics and Sophistical Refutations.
Does Insurance Status Affect Treatment of Children With Tibial Spine Fractures?
Authors: Smith Haley E. , Mistovich R. Justin , Cruz Aristides I. , Leska Tomasina M. , Ganley Theodore J. , Aoyama Julien T. ,   Tibial Spine Fracture Research Interest Group, Ellis Henry B. , Fabricant Peter D. , Green Daniel W. , Jagodzinski Jason , Johnson Benjamin , Kushare Indranil , Lee Rushyuan J. , McKay Scott D. , Rhodes Jason T. , Sachleben Brant C. , Sargent M. Catherine , Schmale Gregory A. , Yen Yi-Meng , Patel Neeraj M. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Previous studies have reported disparities in orthopaedic care resulting from demographic factors, including insurance status. However, the effect of insurance on pediatric tibial spine fractures (TSFs), an uncommon but significant injury, is unknown. Purpose: To assess the effect of insurance status on the evaluation and treatment of TSFs in children and adolescents. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of TSFs treated at 10 institutions between 2000 and 2019. Demographic data were collected, as was information regarding pre-, intra-, and postoperative treatment, with attention to delays in management and differences in care. Surgical and nonsurgical fractures were included, but a separate analysis of surgical patients was performed. Univariate analysis was followed by purposeful entry multivariate regression to adjust for confounding factors. Results: Data were collected on 434 patients (mean ± SD age, 11.7 ± 3.0 years) of which 61.1% had private (commercial) insurance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained at similar rates for children with public and private insurance (41.4% vs 41.9%, respectively; P≥ .999). However, multivariate analysis revealed that those with MRI performed ≥21 days after injury were 5.3 times more likely to have public insurance (95% CI, 1.3-21.7; P = .02). Of the 434 patients included, 365 required surgery. Similar to the overall cohort, those in the surgical subgroup with MRI ≥21 days from injury were 4.8 times more likely to have public insurance (95% CI, 1.2-19.6; P = .03). Children who underwent surgery ≥21 days after injury were 2.5 times more likely to have public insurance (95% CI, 1.1-6.1; P = .04). However, there were no differences in the nature of the surgery or findings at surgery. Those who were publicly insured were 4.1 times more likely to be immobilized in a cast rather than a brace postoperatively (95% CI, 2.3-7.4; P < .001). Conclusion: Children with public insurance and a TSF were more likely to experience delays with MRI and surgical treatment than those with private insurance. However, there were no differences in the nature of the surgery or findings at surgery. Additionally, patients with public insurance were more likely to undergo postoperative casting rather than bracing.