bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An image enhancement algorithm of video surveillance scene based on deep learning
Authors: Shen Wei‐wei , Chen Lin , Liu Shuai , Zhang Yu‐Dong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTarget enhancement is the most important task in a video surveillance system. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of target enhancement, and better deal with the subsequent recognition, tracking, behaviour understanding and other processing of targets, a deep learning‐based image enhancement algorithm for video surveillance scenes is proposed. First, the super‐resolution reconstruction of the image is carried out through the image super‐resolution reconstruction method based on the hybrid deep convolutional network to improve the sharpness of the image. Then, for the reconstructed video surveillance scene image, the watershed image enhancement algorithm based on morphology and region merging is used to realize the enhancement of the video surveillance scene image. Deep learning algorithms can improve the accuracy of image enhancement through iterative calculations. Experimental results show that after image enhancement in daytime, night and noisy video surveillance scenes, the maximum enhancement difference rate is less than 0.5%, the cross‐linking degree is close to 1, and the average image enhancement time is less than 1.3 s. It can realize image enhancement of video surveillance scenes and improve the image clarity of the video surveillance scene.
End‐to‐end autonomous driving decision model joined by attention mechanism and spatiotemporal features
Authors: Zhao Xiangmo , Qi Mingyuan , Liu Zhanwen , Fan Songhua , Li Chao , Dong Ming 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAutonomous driving decision is a critical component of automatic driving system, which informs and updates the unmanned vehicle of object movements. However, end‐to‐end autonomous driving decision is still a great challenge due to the different scales of traffic target in the wild dynamic traffic scenes. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a novel model with attention mechanism and spatiotemporal features extraction. Specifically, for the important spatial information of traffic targets with scale differences, the spatial dimensions of height , width and channel are independent of each other to build sparse spatial attention map. Moreover, different sparse masks are trained for spatial network by pruning elements of feature maps at the end of each block of backbone, which improves the accuracy of the two subnetworks of spatial network by 2.3% and 3.9%, respectively. Then the extracted spatial information is introduced jointly to the time sequence network with previous speed as input to obtain the vehicle steering angle and speed. Experiments on public virtual datasets show that the prediction accuracy of the model reaches 85.8%. Compared with other state‐of‐the‐art models, our model increased by 4.8% and 2.2%, respectively.
Dual oxidase 1 promotes antiviral innate immunity
Authors: Sarr Demba , Gingerich Aaron D. , Asthiwi Nuha Milad , Almutairi Faris , Sautto Giuseppe A. , Ecker Jeffrey , Nagy Tamás , Kilgore Matthew B. , Chandler Joshua D. , Ross Ted M. , Tripp Ralph A. , Rada Balázs 
Published: June 2021

SignificanceInfluenza infections kill millions of people worldwide. Current prophylactic treatment options are limited due to viral strain–specific vaccinations and emerging drug resistance. It is important to discover new immune mechanisms that can fight the influenza virus. Our work presented here identifies such a mechanism. The Duox1 protein helps the airways to clear influenza virus and to reduce infection-related death and sickness in an animal model. Duox1 delays the infection process by directly targeting the virus. Unlike current vaccines, this mechanism is effective against several influenza strains. Our study identifies the function of theDuox1gene and suggests that it has a therapeutic potential against influenza and potentially other respiratory pathogens, worth exploring in the future.
Design of prototype readout electronics system for gamma-gamma collider
Authors: Shui Y. , Shen Z. , Zhu D. , Feng C. , Liu S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The γγ collider is proposed in China to observe γγ scattering and the Breit Wheeler (BW) pairs production.This paper presents a prototype readout electronics system that is intended to provide a suitable readout solution for the γγ collider. The paper analyzes the readout requirements of electronics such as implementation of 1426 electronical channels in a limited space, stability in vacuum working environment and incident particle discrimination. To meet the requirements, the paper proposes a high-density, low-power and high-sampling-rate (1 GHz) prototype readout electronics system using waveform digitization technology based on switch capacitor array (SCA) DRS4 chips and analog-to-digital converters (ADC). The prototype readout system is composed of 8 front-end electronics (FEE) boards and a data acquisition (DAQ) board. The FEE board can digitize 180-channel signals from the collider and send packaged data to the DAQ board via high-speed optical fiber. The paper proves the particle discrimination ability and the stability of the prototype electronics system in the joint-test with other detectors, which provides a strong guarantee for the subsequent development of the γγ collider.
The MOUSE project: a meticulous approach for obtaining traceable, wide-range X-ray scattering information
Authors: Smales Glen J. , Pauw Brian R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Herein, we provide a “systems architecture”-like overview
and detailed discussions of the methodological and instrumental
components that, together, comprise the “MOUSE” project
(Methodology Optimization for Ultrafine
Structure Exploration). The MOUSE project provides
scattering information on a wide variety of samples, with traceable
dimensions for both the scattering vector (q) and the absolute
scattering cross-section (I). The measurable scattering
vector-range of 0.012≤ q (nm-1) ≤ 92, allows
information across a hierarchy of structures with dimensions
ranging from ca. 0.1 to 400 nm. In addition to details that
comprise the MOUSE project, such as the organisation and traceable
aspects, several representative examples are provided to demonstrate
its flexibility. These include measurements on alumina membranes,
the tobacco mosaic virus, and dual-source information that overcomes
fluorescence limitations on ZIF-8 and iron-oxide-containing carbon
catalyst materials.
The roles of residential greenness in the association between air pollution and health: a systematic review
Authors: Son Ji-Young , Choi Hayon Michelle , Fong Kelvin C , Heo Seulkee , Lim Chris C , Bell Michelle L 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
While a growing body of literature suggests beneficial impacts of greenness on several health outcomes, relatively few studies have examined greenness as an effect modifier to impacts of air pollution on health outcomes, and results from the existing studies are inconclusive. We performed a comprehensive, systematic review of previous literature on greenness as a potential effect modifier for associations between particulate matter air pollution and health. After initial screening of 7814 studies, we identified 20 eligible studies. We summarized findings on study characteristics based on several criteria: health outcome, air pollution exposure, source of air pollution data, study location, study period, and median year of the study period. We evaluated characteristics of effect modification by greenness on air pollution and health associations based on the number of greenness metrics applied, type of greenness metric (e.g. normalized difference vegetation index, land use), data source for greenness, and spatial resolution and buffer size. We also summarized evidence for effect modification by greenness based on strength and direction of evidence for each study and overall evidence of effect modification by greenness by several study characteristics. Our systematic review showed that only a limited number of studies have been conducted on greenness as an effect modifier for air pollution-health associations. We found differences in several study characteristics such as greenness assessment (e.g. greenness metrics applied, spatial resolution, and data sources) across studies. Collectively, the studies provide suggestive evidence for the hypothesis that areas with high greenness have lower impacts of air pollution on health, although some studies reported inconsistent findings. The findings from our review provide valuable knowledge on how greenness affects associations between air pollution and health and could help identify critical areas for future study.
Gravitational effective field theory islands, low-spin dominance, and the four-graviton amplitude
Authors: Bern Zvi , Kosmopoulos Dimitrios , Zhiboedov Alexander 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We analyze constraints from perturbative unitarity and crossing on the leading contributions of higher-dimension operators to the four-graviton amplitude in four spacetime dimensions, including constraints that follow from distinct helicity configurations. We focus on the leading-order effect due to exchange by massive degrees of freedom which makes the amplitudes of interest infrared finite. In particular, we place a bound on the coefficient of the R
3 operator that corrects the graviton three-point amplitude in terms of the R
4 coefficient. To test the constraints we obtain nontrivial effective field-theory data by computing and taking the large-mass expansion of the one-loop minimally-coupled four-graviton amplitude with massive particles up to spin 2 circulating in the loop. Remarkably, we observe that the leading EFT coefficients obtained from both string and one-loop field-theory amplitudes lie in small islands. The shape and location of the islands can be derived from the dispersive representation for the Wilson coefficients using crossing and assuming that the lowest-spin spectral densities are the largest. Our analysis suggests that the Wilson coefficients of weakly-coupled gravitational physical theories are much more constrained than indicated by bounds arising from dispersive considerations of 2 → 2 scattering. The one-loop four-graviton amplitudes used to obtain the EFT data are computed using modern amplitude methods, including generalized unitarity, supersymmetric decompositions and the double copy.
Physical and mechanical properties of hybrid-reinforced decorative concrete
Authors: Dovgan A D , Vyrovoy V M , Sukhanova S V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of studies of the influence of alkali-resistant glass fibers of different lengths on the functional properties of decorative concrete. It is based on the data of an experiment carried out according to the optimal unsaturated plan, which includes 27 different compositions of the material. The combinations of the decorative compositions had equal mobility of the mixture, with the minimum and maximum water-cement ratio of 0.36 and 0.55, respectively. Based on the results of the experiment, the primary experimental-statistical models describing the effect of composition factors on the properties of the material made it possible to reveal that an increase in the level of plasticization of the compositions allows to increase the utilization factor of the strength of glass fibers. The efficiency of hybrid reinforcement of decorative composites with glass monofilaments has been confirmed through the implementation of a number of computational experiments (CE). The analysis of the CE results showed that the introduction of hybrid highly dispersed fibers into the initial composition of polystructural decorative concrete, with their different quantitative combinations, makes it possible to improve a number of its functional characteristics and thereby ensure the preservation of the artistic and aesthetic expressiveness of products.
Generalized optimality criteria of energy-efficient composites
Authors: Kersh V , Kolesnikov A , Khlytsov N , Foshch A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The article discusses generalized optimality criteria of energy-efficient materials. The task of choosing an optimality criteria of a composite is considered as a step-by-step, hierarchical transition from individual criteria of the first level - operational characteristics to combined ones, related to subsequent levels and then to the general one. At each hierarchical level, the criteria become more complicated as it considers the criteria of the previous levels. The criteria constructed in this way are classified into structural, relative and conditional. It is shown that the softening coefficient and the water resistance index correspond to the criteria of the second and third levels, respectively. Some of the new combined criteria, having the character of efficiency were reviewed. As an example of a combined criteria, the criterion of the effectiveness of the realization of the strength-thermal conductivity ratio was considered. Examples of its use for evaluating and comparing the effectiveness of materials with significantly different properties and areas of use were given. It is shown that the efficiency criterion has similar values for materials with equal properties combination. On the basis of the proposed criterion, the problem of optimizing the efficiency of the plaster material is considered. As a result of numerical optimization, compositions with the maximum efficiency of the considered type were obtained. The possibility of further application of this and other combined optimality criteria in the problems of quality assessment and optimization of composite materials was shown.
Research of crack formation in inseparable double-span reinforced concrete elements
Authors: Krantovska O , Ksonshkevych L , Petrov M , Synii S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
According to the results of the conducted, experimental researches empirical dependences of crack formation and width of opening of normal and inclined cracks of inseparable double-span reinforced concrete beams. A reliable quantitative and qualitative assessment of the impact of structural factors, as well as external factors on the crack resistance of inseparable elements, both separately and in interaction with each other. An improved deformation method (implemented in the PC MATLAB) for calculating the crack resistance of reinforced concrete elements. Based on the comparative analysis of the obtained empirical dependences and calculated values according to normative methods: DSTU B B.2.6-156: 2010 (Ukraine), previously acting SNiP 2.03.01-84 *, SR 63.13330.2012 (SET OF RULES, actualized) Russian standard, as well as the deformation model of Scientific Research Institute of Building Constructions (SRIBC), town of Kyiv, the coefficient of variation of crack resistance and width of opening of normal and inclined cracks is determined. The comparative analysis is carried out and informative graphic drawings are presented.
Steel fibrous concrete with high-early strength for rigid pavements repair
Authors: Kroviakov S , Kryzhanovskyi V , Zavoloka M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Experimental results, including the selection of repair concrete and steel-fiber-concrete mixtures for rigid pavement repair are presented. The complex effect of the superplasticizer, hardening accelerating agent and steel anchor fiber on the concrete mixture properties has been studied. Compressive and flexural strength characteristics of the repair material were determined in the early and design ages of hardening. Using the method of experimental statistical modeling, the optimal dosages of dispersed reinforcement in combination with accelerating agent and workability modifier have been determined.
Development of an analytical method for calculating beams on a variable elastic Winkler foundation
Authors: Krutii Yu , Surianinov M , Petrash S , Yezhov M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An analytical method has been developed for calculating beams lying on a continuous elastic Winkler foundation with a variable coefficient of subgrade resistance. The method is based on the exact solution of the differential equation of beam bending for the case when the bed coefficient is an arbitrary continuous function. In an analytical form, formulas for displacements and internal efforts are obtained. An analytical method for the numerical implementation of the exact solutions found is proposed.
Triad «Structure, Information, Fractality»
Authors: Martynov V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
It is focused on the point that, factually, the material’s structure is a primary cause of its properties. The elements of hardened cement stone (inner interfaces), which are the source of its properties, are revealed. It is supposed that the inner interfaces branched chain (patterns) are carriers of certain information. It is proposed to describe this information in quantitative values by fractal dimensions. With such approach the research process is described by sole triad «structure-information-fractality». This article states experimental results proving the effectiveness of the approach proposed.
Analysis of the structure formation processes of building composites by geometric methods
Authors: Semenova S , Kolesnikov A , Kyrylenko G , Oliynik T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The work considers a method of structure formation modeling in composite materials based on geometric methods. For this purpose, a differential system is written for the fractions of the volume, surface, linear and point phase of the structure forming components of the material. To study it, a decomposition into a gradient and generalized-conservative component was used. Approaches to modeling of the processes of structure formation and destruction based on the theory of gradient systems, which take into account the structural potentials for the surface and volumetric components of the composite material, were proposed. The hypothesis according to which the formation of a high-strength structure of the material is associated with the implementation of the oscillatory mode for the indicator of the fraction of the volumetric phase was proposed. The mechanism of increasing the strength of the composite binder dough based on the selective preservation of the strongest intercrystalline contacts was discussed.
Increasing the water resistance of the composite gypsum binder for arbolito concrete due to hydrofobization
Authors: Shynkevich O S , Linnik D S , Zaginaylo I V , Bondarenko G G 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the problem of increasing the water resistance and strength of a composite gypsum binder for concrete. The effect of complex modification of a composite gypsum binder with a micro-reinforcing, polymineral micropuzzolanic additive filler and superplasticizer from Sika was investigated. The use of filler additives in optimal ratios made it possible to obtain a composite gypsum binder with a softening coefficient of 0.9.
Estimation of interface properties in epoxy-based barium titanate nanocomposites
Authors: Zafar Romana , Gupta Nandini 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The study of the interface around a nanoparticle in a nanocomposite is crucial to understanding the performance of nanocomposites. In this work, an estimate of the interface thickness and interface permittivity is obtained based on the changes in dielectric properties in epoxy due to the introduction of nanofillers. Barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanofillers with an average diameter of 90 nm are used. Specimens with various filler loadings (1%–10% by volume) are used. Nanoparticles are used either as-received or surface-functionalized with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxy-silane (GPS) before use. Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to study the surface chemistry of BaTiO3 nanofillers after GPS functionalization. Reasonable uniformity of dispersion is observed from Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) images. Complex permittivity is measured using Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy over a wide frequency range (10−3 Hz to 10+6 Hz). A unit cell-based Finite Element model is used to compute the effective permittivity of a nanocomposite, for a given interface thickness and interface permittivity. This method combines the experimental data obtained from dielectric spectroscopy with a unit cell-based Finite Element Method (FEM) for electric field computation. A match between experimental and computational data indicates that the interfacial thickness around the nanoparticle is approximately 200 nm and interface permittivity is slightly higher than that of neat epoxy resin over the given frequency range.
Nonequilibrium hybrid multi-Weyl semimetal phases
Authors: Umer Muhammad , Weda Bomantara Raditya , Gong Jiangbin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Multi-Weyl semimetals are variations of Weyl semimetals characterized by isolated band touching points, each carrying multiple topological charges. Given a plethora of exotic transport properties arising in such systems, it remains a longstanding interest to explore other variations of these semimetal phases. Of particular significance are hybrid multi-Weyl semimetal phases where various isolated band touching points, the number of which can be increased on-demand by tuning system parameters, carrying different topological charges coexist in the same setting. The experimental realization of such systems is expected to allow, in principle, clearer and more distinguishable signatures of isolated band touching points with various topological charges. In this work, we attempt to theoretically devise such systems by means of Floquet engineering. Specifically, we present three separate periodically driven systems displaying single-Weyl, double-single-Weyl, and triple-single-Weyl semimetal phases, each of which is capable of hosting a large number of isolated band touching points. We further report their intricate Fermi arc structures that result from the interplay between isolated band touching points of different charges. Moreover, we characterize these multi-Weyl nodes by use of a dynamical winding invariant.
Convergence, accelerated: introducing Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability
Authors: Horvath Arpad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Questions of sustainability and resilience surrounding the infrastructure that makes up our society are becoming ever-more relevant and increasingly important to address. Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability has been launched as a unique outlet for the publication of such work, bringing together a multidisciplinary, and in some places fragmented, community and creating a home journal for their research. Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability will focus on all kinds of infrastructure and all facets of sustainability, not just environmental assessment and protection but also economic and social factors. All research methodologies are encouraged including qualitative, quantitative, experimental, theoretical and applied work.
This editorial serves as an introduction to our new journal, lays out our aims and intentions, and introduces the first published articles which we hope will provide a flavour of what’s to come.