bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traditional forest-related knowledge and agrobiodiversity preservation: the case of the chagras in the Indigenous Reserve of Monochoa (Colombia)
Authors: Hernandez Marentes Maria Alejandra , Venturi Martina , Scaramuzzi Silvia , Focacci Marco , Santoro Antonio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChagras are complex agroforestry systems developed by indigenous populations of the Amazon region based on shifting agriculture, as part of a system that includes harvesting of wild fruits and plants, hunting and fishing. During the centuries, thanks to their traditional knowledge, indigenous populations have developed a deep relationship with the surrounding environment, as, living in remote places, they must be self-sufficient. The result is the chagra, a system whose cycle is based on seven basic steps to establish a successful and sustainable system, starting from place selection and ending with the abandonment of the plot after harvesting of the products. After the abandonment, the forest starts to grow again to allow the agroecosystem to recover and to take advantage of the residual vegetal material to avoid erosion. The paper takes into consideration the Indigenous Reserve of Monochoa in Colombia as an example of how traditional knowledge can support a rich biodiversity conservation. Moreover, differently from other parts of the world where there is a growing contrast between indigenous communities and protected areas, in the Indigenous Reserve of Monochoa local communities have been recognized as the owners of the land. Results highlighted the crucial role of the indigenous communities for biodiversity conservation. The preservation and adaptation of traditional knowledge and practices, a decentralized autonomous governance system demonstrates that local communities not only can be part of ecosystems with unique biodiversity, but that they can represent the main actors for an active conservation of biodiversity. Agroforestry systems based on traditional forest-related knowledge can therefore be an effective alternative to biodiversity and ecosystem services conservation based on strict nature protection where humans are perceived as a negative factor.
Labelling the past: data set creation and multi-label classification of Dutch archaeological excavation reports
Authors: Brandsen Alex , Koole Martin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe extraction of information from Dutch archaeological grey literature has recently been investigated by the AGNES project. AGNES aims to disclose relevant information by means of a web search engine, to enable researchers to search through excavation reports. In this paper, we focus on the multi-labelling of archaeological excavation reports with time periods and site types, and provide a manually labelled reference set to this end. We propose a series of approaches, pre-processing methods, and various modifications of the training set to address the often low quality of both texts and labels. We find that despite those issues, our proposed methods lead to promising results.
Temperature Variability and the Macroeconomy: A World Tour
Authors: Donadelli Michael , Jüppner Marcus , Vergalli Sergio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper uses historical monthly temperature level data for a panel of 114 countries to identify the effects of within year temperature level variability on productivity growth in five different macro regions, i.e., (1) Africa, (2) Asia, (3) Europe, (4) North America and (5) South America. We find two primary results. First, higher intra-annual temperature variability reduces (increases) productivity in Europe and North America (Asia). Second, higher intra-annual temperature variability has no significant effects on productivity in Africa and South America. Additional empirical tests indicate also the following: (1) rising intra-annual temperature variability reduces productivity (even thought less significantly)in both tropical and non-tropical regions, (2) inter-annual temperature variability reduces (increases) productivity in North America (Europe) and (3) winter and summer inter-annual temperature variability generates a drop in productivity in both Europe and North America. Taken together, these findings indicate that temperature variability shocks tend to have stronger adverse economic effects among richer economies. In a production economy featuring long-run productivity and temperature volatility shocks, we quantify these negative impacts and find welfare losses of 2.9% (1%) in Europe (North America).
Adaptation assessment of drought tolerance in maize populations from the Sahara in both shores of the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Maafi Oula , Revilla Pedro , Álvarez-Iglesias Lorena , Malvar Rosa Ana , Djemel Abderahmane 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDrought is the main stress for agriculture, and maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm from the Sahara has been identified as potential source of drought tolerance; however, information about adaptation of semitropical maize germplasm from the Sahara to temperate areas has not been reported. Our objective was assessing the adaptation of maize germplasm from Saharan oases as sources of drought tolerance for improving yield and biomass production under drought conditions in temperate environments. A collection of maize populations from Saharan oases was evaluated under drought and control conditions in Spain and Algeria. Algerian populations were significantly different under drought for most traits, and the significant genotype × environment interactions indicated that drought tolerance is genotype-dependent, but tolerance differences among genotypes change across environments. Based on yield, the Algerian maize populations PI527474, PI527478, PI527472, PI527467, PI527470, and PI527473 would be appropriate sources of drought tolerance for temperate environments. Concerning biomass production, the most interesting populations were PI527467, PI542685, PI527478, and PI527472. These Saharan populations could provide favorable alleles for drought tolerance for temperate breeding programs, and could also be used for studying mechanisms and genetic regulation of drought tolerance.
Anthropomorphized artificial intelligence, attachment, and consumer behavior
Authors: Hermann Erik 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe increasing humanization and emotional intelligence of AI applications have the potential to induce consumers’ attachment to AI and to transform human-to-AI interactions into human-to-human-like interactions. In turn, consumer behavior as well as consumers’ individual and social lives can be affected in various ways. Following this reasoning, I illustrate the implications and research opportunities related to consumers’ (potential) attachment to humanized AI applications along the stages of the consumption process.
Complexities underlying the breeding and deployment of Dutch elm disease resistant elms
Authors: Martín Juan A. , Domínguez Jorge , Solla Alejandro , Brasier Clive M. , Webber Joan F. , Santini Alberto , Martínez-Arias Clara , Bernier Louis , Gil Luis 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDutch elm disease (DED) is a vascular wilt disease caused by the pathogensOphiostoma ulmiandOphiostoma novo-ulmiwith multiple ecological phases including pathogenic (xylem), saprotrophic (bark) and vector (beetle flight and beetle feeding wound) phases. Due to the two DED pandemics during the twentieth century the use of elms in landscape and forest restoration has declined significantly. However new initiatives for elm breeding and restoration are now underway in Europe and North America. Here we discuss complexities in the DED ‘system’ that can lead to unintended consequences during elm breeding and some of the wider options for obtaining durability or ‘field resistance’ in released material, including (1) the phenotypic plasticity of disease levels in resistant cultivars infected byO. novo-ulmi; (2) shortcomings in test methods when selecting for resistance; (3) the implications of rapid evolutionary changes in currentO. novo-ulmipopulations for the choice of pathogen inoculum when screening; (4) the possibility of using active resistance to the pathogen in the beetle feeding wound, and low attractiveness of elm cultivars to feeding beetles, in addition to resistance in the xylem; (5) the risk that genes from susceptible and exotic elms be introgressed into resistant cultivars; (6) risks posed by unintentional changes in the host microbiome; and (7) the biosecurity risks posed by resistant elm deployment. In addition, attention needs to be paid to the disease pressures within which resistant elms will be released. In the future, biotechnology may further enhance our understanding of the various resistance processes in elms and our potential to deploy trees with highly durable resistance in elm restoration. Hopefully the different elm resistance processes will prove to be largely under durable, additive, multigenic control. Elm breeding programmes cannot afford to get into the host–pathogen arms races that characterise some agricultural host–pathogen systems.
Data privacy preservation algorithm with k-anonymity
Authors: Mahanan Waranya , Chaovalitwongse W. Art , Natwichai Juggapong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith growing concern of data privacy violations, privacy preservation processes become more intense. The k-anonymity method, a widely applied technique, transforms the data such that the publishing datasets must have at least k tuples to have the same link-able attribute, quasi-identifiers, values. From the observations, we found that, in a certain domain, all quasi-identifiers of the datasets, can have the same data type. This type of attribute is considered as an Identical Generalization Hierarchy (IGH) data. An IGH data has a particular set of characteristics that could utilize for enhancing the efficiency of heuristic privacy preservation algorithms. In this paper, we propose a data privacy preservation heuristic algorithm on IGH data. The algorithm is developed from the observations on the anonymous property of the problem structure that can eliminate the privacy constraints consideration. The experiment results are presented that the proposed algorithm could effectively preserve data privacy and also reduce the number of visited nodes for ensuring the privacy protection, which is the most time-consuming process, compared to the most efficient existing algorithm by at most 21%.
Assessment of the Rationality of Gender Studies from the Perspective of Bocheński’s Concept of Philosophical Superstition
Authors: Kieliszek Zdzisław 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the issue of the determinants of human gender identity has been lively discussed. In such discussions, there are numerous supporters of the belief that a person’s gender identity does not depend directly on a given individual’s biological endowment withsex, but is the result of various socio-cultural circumstances in which a given person lives. This view began to gain popularity in the scientific community in the late 1960s and early 1970s. It is now considered paradigmatic in the rapidly evolving interdisciplinary study of cultural gender development, which is commonly referred to asgender studies. Representatives of gender studies often present the findings obtained in the course of their research as brilliant and modern. However, when viewed through the concept of philosophical superstition, authored by the Polish logician Józef Maria Bocheński (1902–1995), it can be concluded that the proponents of gender studies significantly exaggerate the intellectual momentum of their conclusions and postulates. Furthermore, one can even say that according to Bocheński’s concept of philosophical superstition, gender studies is a discipline which only creates a semblance of rationality (truth). This is because gender studies fail all six criteria which, as Bocheński maintains, distinguish beliefs, views, and theories which are manifestly irrational from those which are not philosophical superstitions. The article consists of three parts. In the first part, Bocheński’s concept of philosophical superstition is discussed and, in particular, the criteria are outlined which, in Bocheński’s opinion, allow one to identify philosophically superstitious thinking. This section also provides examples of philosophically superstitious beliefs, views and theories that fall under each of the criteria. In the second part, gender studies are characterized in terms of the basic assumptions adopted within this trend, as well as its theses and postulates. The third part of the article is devoted to the assessment of gender studies with the use of criteria which, according to Bocheński, make it possible to distinguish theories, beliefs and views without the hallmarks of rationality from those that are not philosophically superstitious.
Pure cross-anisotropy for geotechnical elastic potentials
Authors: Niemunis Andrzej , Staszewska Katarzyna 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe pure cross-anisotropy is understood as a special scaling of strain (or stress). The scaled tensor is used as an argument in the elastic stiffness (or compliance). Such anisotropy can be overlaid on the top of any elastic stiffness, in particular on one obtained from an elastic potential with its own stress-induced anisotropy. This superposition does not violate the Second Law. The method can be also applied to other functions like plastic potentials or yield surfaces, wherever some cross-anisotropy is desired. The pure cross-anisotropy is described by the sedimentation vector and at most two constants. Scaling with more than two purely anisotropic constants is shown impossible. The formulation was compared with experiments and alternative approaches. Static and dynamic calibration of the pure anisotropy is also discussed. Graphic representation of stiffness with the popular response envelopes requires some enhancement for anisotropy. Several examples are presented. All derivations and examples were accomplished using the algebra program Mathematica.
Role of CMR Imaging in Diagnostics and Evaluation of Cardiac Involvement in Muscle Dystrophies
Authors: Blaszczyk Edyta , Gröschel Jan , Schulz-Menger Jeanette 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review aims to outline the utility of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with different types of muscular dystrophies for the assessment of myocardial involvement, risk stratification and in guiding therapeutic decisions.

Recent Findings
In patients suffering from muscular dystrophies (MD), even mild initial dysfunction may lead to severe heart failure over a time course of years. CMR plays an increasing role in the diagnosis and clinical care of these patients, mostly due to its unique capability to precisely characterize subclinical and progressive changes in cardiac geometry, function in order to differentiate myocardial injury it allows the identification of inflammation, focal and diffuse fibrosis as well as fatty infiltration. CMR may provide additional information in addition to the physical examination, laboratory tests, ECG, and echocardiography.

Summary
Further trials are needed to investigate the potential impact of CMR on the therapeutic decision-making as well as the assessment of long-term prognosis in different forms of muscular dystrophies. In addition to the basic cardiovascular evaluation, CMR can provide a robust, non-invasive technique for the evaluation of subclinical myocardial tissue injury like fat infiltration and focal and diffuse fibrosis. Furthermore, CMR has a unique capability to detect the progression of myocardial tissue damage in patients with a preserved systolic function.
Autosomal dominant familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus caused by a novel missense mutation in AVP gene in a large Italian kindred
Authors: Marzocchi Carlotta , Cantara Silvia , Sagnella Alfonso , Castagna Maria Grazia , Capezzone Marco 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Familial neurohypophysial diabetes insipidus (FNDI), commonly caused by autosomal dominant arginine vasopressin (AVP) mutations, is a rare condition in which vasopressin fails in regulating body’s level of water with final polyuria and polydipsia. Genetic testing in familial cases of FNDI should be carry out to ensure adequate treatments and avoid disease manifestations especially in infants.

Methods
In this study, we investigated three-generations of a large Italian family with clinical diagnosis of familial central diabetes insipidus for the presence of potential pathogenic mutations in the AVP gene.

Results
We identified a heterozygous missense mutation (c.154 T > A; p.C52S) in AVP gene in all affected members studied of a large Italian family. In silico tools were used to investigate the pathogenic role of the mutation and three-dimensional protein structure predicted that the p.C52S impairs disulfide bridges formation resulting in misfolding of the protein.

Conclusions
This is the first study that identified a novel missense p.C52S mutation as causative of central diabetes insipidus in a large Italian pedigree.
Archetypes of Footfall Context: Quantifying Temporal Variations in Retail Footfall in relation to Micro-Location Characteristics
Authors: Philp Susie , Dolega Les , Singleton Alex , Green Mark 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe UK retail sector is constantly changing and evolving. The increasing share of online sales and the development of out-of-town retail provision, in conjunction with the 2008–09 economic crisis, have disproportionately impacted high streets and physical retail negatively. Understanding and adapting to these changes is fundamental to the vitality, sustainability and prosperity of businesses, communities and the economy. However, there is a need for better information to support attempts to revitalise UK high streets and retail centres, and advances in sensor technology have made this possible. Footfall provides a commonly used heuristic of retail centre vitality and can be increasingly estimated in automated ways through sensing technology. However, footfall counts are influenced by a range of externalities such as aspects of retail centre function, morphology, connectivity and attractiveness. The key contribution of this paper is to demonstrate how footfall patterns are expressed within the varying context of different retail centre architypes providing both a useful tool for benchmarking and planning; but also making a theoretical contribution to the understanding of retail mobilities. This paper integrates a range of contextual data to develop a classification of footfall sensor locations; producing three representations of sensor micro-locations across Great Britain: chain and comparison retail micro-locations, business and independent micro-locations and value-orientated convenience retail micro-locations. These three groups display distinct daily and weekly footfall magnitudes and distributions, which are attributed to micro-locational differences in their morphology, connectivity and function.
An Easy-to-Fabricate Cell Stretcher Reveals Density-Dependent Mechanical Regulation of Collective Cell Movements in Epithelia
Authors: Hart Kevin C. , Sim Joo Yong , Hopcroft Matthew A. , Cohen Daniel J. , Tan Jiongyi , Nelson W. James , Pruitt Beth L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Mechanical forces regulate many facets of cell and tissue biology. Studying the effects of forces on cells requires real-time observations of single- and multi-cell dynamics in tissue models during controlled external mechanical input. Many of the existing devices used to conduct these studies are costly and complicated to fabricate, which reduces the availability of these devices to many laboratories.

Methods
We show how to fabricate a simple, low-cost, uniaxial stretching device, with readily available materials and instruments that is compatible with high-resolution time-lapse microscopy of adherent cell monolayers. In addition, we show how to construct a pressure controller that induces a repeatable degree of stretch in monolayers, as well as a custom MATLAB code to quantify individual cell strains.

Results
As an application note using this device, we show that uniaxial stretch slows down cellular movements in a mammalian epithelial monolayer in a cell density-dependent manner. We demonstrate that the effect on cell movement involves the relocalization of myosin downstream of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK).

Conclusions
This mechanical device provides a platform for broader involvement of engineers and biologists in this important area of cell and tissue biology. We used this device to demonstrate the mechanical regulation of collective cell movements in epithelia.
Pediatric interfacility transport effects on mortality and length of stay
Authors: Shinozaki Rod M. , Schwingshackl Andreas , Srivastava Neeraj , Grogan Tristan , Kelly Robert B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
We aimed to evaluate the effects of interfacility pediatric critical care transport response time, physician presence during transport, and mode of transport on mortality and length of stay (LOS) among pediatric patients. We hypothesized that a shorter response time and helicopter transports, but not physician presence, are associated with lower mortality and a shorter LOS.

Methods
Retrospective, single-center, cohort study of 841 patients (< 19 years) transported to a quaternary pediatric intensive care unit and cardiovascular intensive care unit between 2014 and 2018 utilizing patient charts and transport records. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, diagnosis, mode of transport, response time, stabilization time, return duration, mortality risk (pediatric index of mortality-2 and pediatric risk of mortality-3), and inotrope, vasopressor, or mechanical ventilation presence on admission.

Results
Four hundred and twenty-eight (50.9%) patients were transported by helicopter, and 413 (49.1%) were transported by ambulance. Physicians accompanied 239 (28.4%) transports. The median response time was 2.0 (interquartile range 1.4–2.9) hours. Although physician presence increased the median response time by 0.26 hours (P = 0.020), neither physician presence nor response time significantly affected mortality, ICU length of stay (ILOS) or hospital length of stay (HLOS). Helicopter transports were not significantly associated with mortality or ILOS, but were associated with a longer HLOS (3.24 days, 95% confidence interval 0.59–5.90) than ambulance transports (P = 0.017).

Conclusions
These results suggest response time and physician presence do not significantly affect mortality or LOS. This may reflect the quality of pre-transport care and medical control communication. Helicopter transports were only associated with a longer HLOS. Our analysis provides a framework for examining transport workforce needs and associated costs.