bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital mapping of a manual fabrication method for paediatric ankle–foot orthoses
Authors: Wang Joyce Zhanzi , Lillia Jonathon , Farhan Muhannad , Bi Lei , Kim Jinman , Burns Joshua , Cheng Tegan L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAnkle–foot orthoses (AFOs) are devices prescribed to improve mobility in people with neuromuscular disorders. Traditionally, AFOs are manually fabricated by an orthotist based on a plaster impression of the lower leg which is modified to correct for impairments. This study aimed to digitally analyse this manual modification process, an important first step in understanding the craftsmanship of AFO fabrication to inform the digital workflows (i.e. 3D scanning and 3D printing), as viable alternatives for AFO fabrication. Pre- and post-modified lower limb plaster casts of 50 children aged 1–18 years from a single orthotist were 3D scanned and registered. The Euclidean distance between the pre- and post-modified plaster casts was calculated, and relationships with participant characteristics (age, height, AFO type, and diagnosis) were analysed. Modification maps demonstrated that participant-specific modifications were combined with universally applied modifications on the cast's anterior and plantar surfaces. Positive differences (additions) ranged 2.12–3.81 mm, negative differences (subtractions) ranged 0.76–3.60 mm, with mean differences ranging from 1.37 to 3.12 mm. Height had a medium effect on plaster additions (rs = 0.35). We quantified the manual plaster modification process and demonstrated a reliable method to map and compare pre- and post-modified casts used to fabricate children's AFOs.
Serum microRNAs in osteoporotic fracture and osteoarthritis: a genetic and functional study
Authors: Pertusa Clara , Tarín Juan J. , Cano Antonio , García-Pérez Miguel Ángel , Mifsut Damián 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe rising incidence of bone pathologies such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis is negatively affecting the functional status of millions of patients worldwide. The genetic component of these multifactorial pathologies is far from being fully understood, but in recent years several epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of these bone diseases have been identified. The aim of the present study was to compare the serum expression of four miRNAs in women with hip fragility fracture (OF group), osteoarthritis requiring hip replacement (OA group) and control women (Ctrl group). Serum expression of miR-497-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-423-5p and miR-365-3p was determined in a sample of 23 OA women, 25 OF women and 52 Ctrl women. Data shown that women with bone pathologies have higher expression of miR-497 and miR-423 and lower expression of miR-155 and miR-365 than control subjects. Most importantly, miR-497 was identified as an excellent discriminator between OA group and control group (AUC: 0.89, p < 0.000) and acceptable in distinguishing from the OF group (AUC: 0.76, p = 0.002). Our data suggest that circulating miR-497 may represent a significant biomarker of OA, a promising finding that could contribute towards future early-stage diagnosis of this disease. Further studies are required to establish the role of miR-155, miR-423 and miR-365 in bone pathologies.
Long term surgical outcomes of unilateral recession-resection versus bilateral lateral rectus recession in basic-type intermittent exotropia in children
Authors: Kim Dong Hyun , Yang Hee Kyung , Hwang Jeong-Min 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe long-term results of surgical treatment of intermittent exotropia (X(T)) according to the type of surgery are controversial. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to compare the long-term results between unilateral recession-resection (RR) and bilateral lateral rectus recession (BLR) with an average follow-up of 9.5 years in children with basic-type X(T). Patients with basic-type X(T), who underwent RR (RR group) or BLR (BLR group) and were followed-up for more than 5 years postoperatively, were analyzed. Of the 560 patients, 363 patients received BLR and 197 patients underwent RR. There was no significant difference in the success rates between the two groups until postoperative 3 years. At an average of 9.5 ± 2.6 years after surgery, the success rate of the RR group was significantly higher than that of the BLR group starting from the fourth post-operative year until the last follow-up examination (64.5% vs 43.3%, P < 0.001). By multivariate analysis, preoperative hyperopia of more than + 2.00 diopters, younger age of onset, younger age at surgery, larger exodeviation at near than at distance of > 5 prism diopters, and the type of surgery (BLR) were risk factors of recurrence. In conclusion, RR was more successful than BLR with a lower recurrence rate in the long-term follow-up of patients with basic-type X(T).
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is associated with prostate cancer in a population-based cohort study
Authors: Hornung Nicola , Frank Mirjam , Dragano Nico , Dürig Jan , Dührsen Ulrich , Moebus Susanne , Erbel Raimund , Stang Andreas , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Schmidt Börge 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRegister-based studies indicate a possible association of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and prostate cancer (PCa). Aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between MGUS and PCa considering potentially shared risk factors. Data from the prospective population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study of 2.385 men (age 45–85) were analyzed. MGUS was determined at three points in time; cases of cancer were assessed annually. Potentially shared risk factors were assessed at baseline. Hazard ratios (HR), adjusted for age and educational attainment, and corresponding 95%-confidence intervals (95%-CI) were calculated. 157 cases of MGUS and 143 incident cases of PCa were detected. Of 19 participants diagnosed with both, MGUS and incident PCa, only in one case MGUS did not clearly occur before PCa. MGUS was associated with PCa presenting a HR of 2.00 (95%-CI: 1.23–3.25). Stratified by isotype, IgM-MGUS showed the strongest association with PCa. There was no relevant change of the effect estimate when adjusting for potentially shared risk factors. We were able to give supporting evidence for an association between MGUS and PCa and pointed out its temporality. There was no indication that the observed association is due to shared risk factors. The present study indicated that different isotypes of MGUS differ in the strength of the effect on PCa-risk. Based on these findings, future studies investigating the pathophysiological background of the association will be needed.
Differential regulation of mammalian and avian ATOH1 by E2F1 and its implication for hair cell regeneration in the inner ear
Authors: Gómez-Dorado Miriam , Daudet Nicolas , Gale Jonathan E. , Dawson Sally J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe mammalian inner ear has a limited capacity to regenerate its mechanosensory hair cells. This lack of regenerative capacity underlies the high incidence of age-related hearing loss in humans. In contrast, non-mammalian vertebrates can form new hair cells when damage occurs, a mechanism that depends on re-activation of expression of the pro-hair cell transcription factorAtoh1. Here, we show that members of the E2F transcription factor family, known to play a key role in cell cycle progression, regulate the expression ofAtoh1. E2F1 activates chickenAtoh1by directly interacting with a cis-regulatory region distal to the avianAtoh1gene. E2F does not activate mouseAtoh1gene expression, since this regulatory element is absent in mammals. We also show that E2F1 expression changes dynamically in the chicken auditory epithelium during ototoxic damage and hair cell regeneration. Therefore, we propose a model in which the mitotic regeneration of non-mammalian hair cells is due to E2F1-mediated activation ofAtoh1expression, a mechanism which has been lost in mammals.
Incremental value of early systolic lengthening and postsystolic shortening in detecting left anterior descending artery stenosis using nonstress speckle-tracking echocardiography
Authors: Ishigaki Takako , Asanuma Toshihiko , Yagi Noriaki , Izumi Hiromi , Shimizu Shoko , Fujisawa Yoshihisa , Ikemoto Toshiyuki , Kushima Ryoji , Masuda Kasumi , Nakatani Satoshi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) with nonstress echocardiography remains challenging. Although the assessment of either early systolic lengthening (ESL) or postsystolic shortening (PSS) allows the sensitive detection of CAD, it is unclear whether the integrated analysis of ESL and PSS in addition to the peak systolic strain can improve the diagnostic accuracy. We investigated the incremental value of ESL and PSS in detecting left anterior descending artery (LAD) stenosis using nonstress speckle-tracking echocardiography. Fifty-nine patients with significant LAD stenosis but without visual wall motion abnormalities on echocardiography at rest (30 single-vessel stenosis, 29 multivessel stenosis) and 43 patients without significant stenosis of any vessel were enrolled. The peak systolic strain, the time to ESL (TESL), and the time to PSS (TPSS) were analyzed in all LAD segments, and the incremental values of the TESL and TPSS in detecting LAD stenosis and the diagnostic accuracy were evaluated. In the apical anterior segment, the peak systolic strain was significantly lower and TESL and TPSS were significantly longer in the single-vessel group than in the no stenosis group. In the single-vessel group, the addition of TESL and TPSS to the peak systolic strain significantly increased the model power in detecting stenosis, and the integrated analysis improved diagnostic accuracy compared with the peak systolic strain alone. In contrast, this incremental value was not demonstrated in the multivessel group. The integrated analysis of the peak systolic strain, ESL, and PSS may allow better screening of single-vessel LAD stenosis using nonstress speckle-tracking echocardiography.
Cerebral hemodynamics during neonatal transition according to mode of delivery
Authors: Morimoto Aya , Nakamura Shinji , Sugino Masashiro , Koyano Kosuke , Fuke Noriko , Arioka Makoto , Nakao Yasuhiro , Mizuo Ami , Matsubara Mari , Noguchi Yuta , Nishioka Katsufumi , Yokota Takayuki , Kato Ikuko , Konishi Yukihiko , Kondo Sonoko , Kunikata Jun , Iwase Takashi , Yasuda Saneyuki , Kusaka Takashi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCerebral haemodynamics during the immediate transition period in neonates may differ depending on whether delivery is vaginal or by caesarean section. However, these differences have never been confirmed by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral haemoglobin oxygen saturation (ScO2) between healthy term neonates by mode of delivery. Subjects were 31 healthy term neonates who did not require resuscitation. Thirteen neonates were delivered vaginally (VD group) and 18 were delivered by elective caesarean section (CS group). Absolute oxyhaemoglobin, deoxyhaemoglobin, and total haemoglobin concentrations were measured continuously by TRS; oxyHb × 100/totalHb (ScO2) (%) and CBV (mL/100 g brain tissue) were also calculated. Measurements were started as soon as possible after birth, obtained from 1 to 2 min after birth, and continued until 15 min after birth. CBV was significantly higher in the VD group than in the CS group in the 4 min after birth but not thereafter. There were no significant between-group differences in ScO2 and SpO2. These findings indicate that there is a difference in cerebral haemodynamic patterns in the first 4 min after delivery between term neonates by mode of delivery when CBV is monitored by TRS.
Fabrication of flower-like bismuth vanadate hierarchical spheres for an improved supercapacitor efficiency
Authors: Balachandran Subramanian , Karthikeyan Rajan , Jothi Kumaravel Jeeva , Manimuthu Veerappan , Prakash Natarajan , Chen Zheming , Liang Tongxiang , Hu Chengzhi , Wang Feng , Yang Mingshu 
Published: September 2021

A cost-effective, simple method is developed for m-BiVO4 hierarchical spheres, which show a higher specific capacitance of 1203 F g−1 at 2 A g−1, no detectable degradation after 2000 cycles, and beneficial cycling stability due to the unique porous hierarchical architecture.
Broadband terahertz resonant tunnelling diode transmitter integrated with coplanar‐waveguide‐fed slot‐ring antenna
Authors: Iwamatsu Shuya , Nishigami Naoki , Nishida Yosuke , Fujita Masayuki , Nagatsuma Tadao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResonant tunnelling diode (RTD) oscillators used for high‐speed terahertz wireless communication systems have garnered significant attention in recent years. In these systems, RTD devices are directly on‐off modulated through baseband (BB) circuits, which limit the data rate. This letter investigates an efficient approach to increase the bandwidth of the BB circuits, by addressing the broadband connection between the two‐RTD oscillator chip and the radiofrequency circuit board. As a result, an error‐free wireless communication has been achieved with a data rate of 25 Gbit/s in the 300‐GHz band using the RTD transmitter and receiver.
Prevention and predictive nursing activity of Cu(II) coordination polymer on hypothermia during laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation
Authors: Cheng Ben‐Jing , Wen Fang , Xiang Jin‐Jian , Li Sha , Zhou Fang‐Yu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, through employing the mixed‐ligand synthesis method, a novel coordination polymer (CP) containing Cu(II) has been synthesized in success with the reaction of 4‐bmbpd and Cu(NO3)2·3H2O  in the presence of auxiliary polycarboxylate ligand 1,3,5‐H3BTC under hydrothermal conditions, and the chemical formula of this compound is [Cu(4‐bmbpd)(1,3,5‐HBTC)]·2H2O (1) (1,3,5‐H3BTC is 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid and 4‐bmbpd is N,N′‐bis(4‐methylenepyridin‐4‐yl)‐1,4‐benzenedicarboxamide). The assessment of its prevention and predictive nursing activity on the hypothermia during laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation was conducted and the corresponding mechanism was studied simultaneously. The molecular docking simulation helps for identifying that the carboxylate group and the amide group form multiple H‐bonds with respect to the active sites within the docking pocket of the target protein.
Wie wählen chirurgische Patienten ihr Krankenhaus? Eine Querschnittstudie // How do surgical patients choose their hospital? A cross-sectional study
Authors: de Cruppé Werner , Kummer Marie-Charlotte , Geraedts Max 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die freie Krankenhauswahl wird gesundheitspolitisch durch die öffentliche Qualitätsberichterstattung gefördert. Bisherige Studien zur Krankenhauswahl befragen zumeist
Patienten zu spezifischen elektiven Eingriffen. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht alle vollstationären chirurgischen Patienten und vergleicht sie mit denen der anderen Fachgebiete.
Fragestellungen sind: Wie viele Patienten entscheiden selber über das Krankenhaus? Wie viel Zeit steht ihnen vor Aufnahme zur Verfügung? Wo informieren sie sich und was sind ihre wichtigen
Entscheidungskriterien?
Material und Methoden Die vorliegende Untersuchung wertet querschnittlich per Fragebogen erhobene Primärdaten zur Krankenhauswahl von 1925 konsekutiv vollstationär aufgenommenen
Patienten aus 11 medizinischen Fachgebieten und 3 Versorgungsstufen aus, darunter 438 chirurgische Patienten aus 6 allgemeinchirurgischen Fachabteilungen.
Ergebnisse Drei Viertel der chirurgischen Patienten entscheiden selber über das Krankenhaus. Die eigene Vorerfahrung mit dem Krankenhaus ist für gut die Hälfte der Patienten wichtige
Informationsquelle und Entscheidungskriterium, daneben Angehörige und die ambulanten Behandler sowie der Ruf des Krankenhauses.
Schlussfolgerung Viele Patienten der Chirurgie entscheiden sich für ein Krankenhaus aufgrund des gewachsenen Vertrauens durch eine als zufrieden erlebte vorherige Behandlung in dem
Krankenhaus. Die professionelle Behandlungsqualität ist damit der größte Wirkfaktor beim Patienten, dessen Angehörigen und den ambulanten Behandlern. Bedenkenswert ist ein aktives und
gezieltes Ansprechen und Klären möglicher Unzufriedenheit auf Patientenseite vor der Entlassung.
Auswirkungen der Regressgefahr auf die Tätigkeit von
Hausärzt*innen und Orthopäd*innen –
Bundesweite Befragung
Authors: Ribbat Leon , Linde Klaus , Schneider Antonius , Riedl Bernhard 
Published: September 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Hintergrund Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Beeinflussung der
Tätigkeit von Hausärzt*innen und
Orthopäd*innen durch die empfundene Regressgefahr und das
Ausmaß eigener Regresserfahrungen.
Methoden Einer bundesweiten Zufallsstichprobe von 1000
Hausärzt*innen und 1000 Orthopäd*innen wurde ein
4-seitiger Fragebogen mit Fragen zu Auswirkungen und Konsequenzen drohender
Regressgefahr bzw. tatsächlich erlebter Regresse zugesandt.
Ergebnisse Die Rücklaufquote betrug 41% bei den
Hausärzt*innen und 39% bei den
Orthopäd*innen. 47% der teilnehmenden
Hausärzt*innen und 55% der
Orthopäd*innen gaben an, dass sie die Regressgefahr im
Praxisalltag stark oder sehr stark beschäftige, 37 bzw. 47%,
dass ihr ärztliches Handeln dadurch stark bzw. sehr stark beeinflusst
werde. 51 bzw. 25% berichteten zumindest gelegentlich trotz gegebener
Indikation einer Verordnung von Arznei- oder Heilmitteln zu einem (anderen)
Spezialisten zu überweisen. 72% der teilnehmenden
Hausärzt*innen und 59% der
Orthopäd*innen wurden mindestens einmal in Regress genommen, 36
bzw. 19% bereits häufiger als dreimal. 18 bzw. 26% haben
ein Regressverfahren über mehr als 5000 € erlebt. Die emotionale
Belastung durch den schlimmsten Regress wurde von 72 bzw. 78% der
Betroffenen als stark oder sehr stark empfunden.
Schlussfolgerung Regressgefahr und Regresse wirken sich mitunter stark auf
die Tätigkeit von niedergelassenen Hausärzt*innen und
Orthopäd*innen aus. Regresse werden oft emotional belastend
empfunden und teilweise als niederlassungshemmend gesehen.
Thermal Laser Monotherapy for Extrafoveal Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy
Authors: Radeck Viola Maria Margarete , Helbig Horst , Valmaggia Christophe , Barthelmes Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a vascular disease of the choroid. Diagnosis is mainly based on polypoidal aneurysm-like lesions seen in indocyanine green (ICG) angiography. Various therapeutic options have been proposed.
Methods Outcomes of 10 cases with extrafoveal PCV and consecutive macular edema treated with thermal laser are reported. Diagnosis of PCV was confirmed by ICG angiography.
Results Upon successful occlusion of the polyps in 10 eyes after thermal laser treatment demonstrated in ICG angiography, a regression of central foveal edema was seen in optical coherence tomography and color fundus photography. Visual acuity improved from logMAR 0.8 to logMAR 0.3. Follow-up ranged from 4 months to 15 years, with a median of 1 year. Two eyes had a recurrence of exudative maculopathy 5 and 7 years after laser treatment, respectively.
Conclusion A careful differentiation between various subforms of exudative maculopathy using fluorescein and ICG angiography can identify certain selected patients with extrafoveal PCV, for whom thermal laser monotherapy can be a therapeutic option.
The Rise of Manganese-Catalyzed Reduction Reactions
Authors: Werlé Christophe , Schlichter Peter 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecent developments in manganese-catalyzed reducing transformations—hydrosilylation, hydroboration, hydrogenation, and transfer hydrogenation—are reviewed herein. Over the past half a decade (i.e., 2016 to the present), more than 115 research publications have been reported in these fields. Novel organometallic compounds and new reduction transformations have been discovered and further developed. Significant challenges that had historically acted as barriers for the use of manganese catalysts in reduction reactions are slowly being broken down. This review will hopefully assist in developing this research area, by presenting a clear and concise overview of the catalyst structures and substrate transformations published so far.1	Introduction2	Hydrosilylation3	Hydroboration4	Hydrogenation5	Transfer Hydrogenation6	Conclusion and Perspective
Diastereoselective Pd-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylation To Construct Quaternary Stereocenters Using Sulfinimine as the ­Directing Group
Authors: Yang Guang , Luo Yunhao , Qin Shuanglin , Cao Sheng , Li Chen , Wang Xuan , Huang Yilei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA robust Pd(0)-catalyzed decarboxylation alkylation has been developed to construct quaternary stereocenters through the use of chiral tert-butanesulfinamide as the directing group. This strategy provides a simple and efficient route to the construction of quaternary chiral centers at the α-position of chiral sulfinamides, with high diastereoselectivities and high yields.
Dearomative syn-1,2-Diamination of Benzene and Naphthalene
Authors: Sarlah David , Davis Christopher W. , Bingham Tanner W. , Okumura Mikiko 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report the palladium-catalyzed, dearomative syn-1,2-diamination of the non-activated arenes benzene and naphthalene using aryl isocyanates. This reaction proceeds with exclusive syn-1,2-selectivity and provides a complementary regio- and stereoselectivity to previously described arenophile-based transformations. The products are amenable to further synthetic elaboration, including selective diene functionalization and heterocycle cleavage. Overall, this dearomatization provides synthetic access to unprecedented saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic motifs and syn-1,2-diaminated cyclohexane products.
Deposition control of model glasses with surface-mediated orientational order
Authors: Whitelam Stephen , Harrowell Peter 
Published: September 2021

We introduce a minimal model of solid-forming anisotropic molecules that displays, in thermal equilibrium, surface orientational order without bulk orientational order. The model reproduces the nonequilibrium behavior of recent experiments in which a bulk nonequilibrium structure grown by deposition contains regions of orientational order characteristic of the surface equilibrium. This order is deposited, in general, in a nonuniform way because of the emergence of a growth-poisoning mechanism that causes equilibrated surfaces to grow slower than non-equilibrated surfaces. We use evolutionary methods to design oscillatory protocols able to grow nonequilibrium structures with uniform order, demonstrating the potential of protocol design for the fabrication of this class of materials.
The relevance of electronic perturbations in the warm dense electron gas
Authors: Moldabekov Zhandos , Dornheim Tobias , Böhme Maximilian , Vorberger Jan , Cangi Attila 
Published: September 2021

Warm dense matter (WDM) has emerged as one of the frontiers of both experimental physics and theoretical physics and is a challenging traditional concept of plasma, atomic, and condensed-matter physics. While it has become common practice to model correlated electrons in WDM within the framework of Kohn–Sham density functional theory, quantitative benchmarks of exchange–correlation (XC) functionals under WDM conditions are yet incomplete. Here, we present the first assessment of common XC functionals against exact path-integral Monte Carlo calculations of the harmonically perturbed thermal electron gas. This system is directly related to the numerical modeling of x-ray scattering experiments on warm dense samples. Our assessment yields the parameter space where common XC functionals are applicable. More importantly, we pinpoint where the tested XC functionals fail when perturbations on the electronic structure are imposed. We indicate the lack of XC functionals that take into account the needs of WDM physics in terms of perturbed electronic structures.