bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to realize a river-based smart city? (lesson learned from Banjarmasin)
Authors: Sartika I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The city of Banjarmasin, which is above the flow of hundreds of rivers, has the biggest challenge in implementing a smart city. Banjarmasin City Government must focus and choose whether to focus on the river or land-based smart cities. To realize river-based smart cities, there are consequences that all facilities must be good as well as water quality and water transportation, while current conditions are still inadequate. This study aims to analyze the factors that can accelerate the realization of river-based smart cities. The research method used is qualitative with data sources derived from the results of in-depth interviews with informants. Informants in the study were determined using the Penta helix principle, which consisted of: academics, businessmen, community, local government, and media. The total informants were 15 people. Data processing using the program, NVIVO 12 PLUS. The results showed that to realize a river-based smart city in Banjarmasin, it is necessary to identify supporting factors that are appropriate to the characteristics of the area and the culture of the surrounding community. The results showed that five aspects must be considered, namely: community, environment, transportation, business, and government. A river-based smart city is a concept that has not been widely discussed scientifically, even though it is very useful to be applied in cities that have enormous river potential, such as Banjarmasin.
Electromagnetic Waves Absorption Experiment on A Human Body with 2.45 GHz Directional Antenna
Authors: Muin Fathul , Apriono Catur 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Micro-doppler radar is a technique that is also possible for medical applications, such as breath and heartbeat detection. These potential applications are coming from wave detection, which is reflected by an object under test. In an ideal environment like in an anechoic chamber room, the emitted radiation suffers from some losses, including path loss and object absorption. These losses reduce the detected power and later influence the accepted signal quality and accurate prediction. Among various loss factors, this paper presents human body radiation absorption by emitting electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 2.45 GHz of a directional horn antenna. In every experiment uses one type of antenna for transmitting and receiving radiation. The antenna is connected to a USRP software-defined radio module and then connected to a computer to obtain experimental data. The result shows that the absorption level of a human body detected by using the horn antenna is 11.07 dB. This information is useful to predict a reasonable power and distance that can be covered by a detection system by applying the micro doppler radar principle.
Surface composition towards space pattern of street vendors in urban context
Authors: Khair A U , Fuad A H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study aims to reveal the role and shift in the use of interior elements in shaping urban spaces by looking at the patterns of the street vendors ’ spaces. The street vendor is an actor that brings diversity and color to the face of urban spaces in Indonesia’s cities. The research is conducted by observing street vendors in Jalan Sultan Alauddin in Makassar. This paper uses qualitative methods, collecting data through direct observation, literature study, and the case study method to analyze the data. To investigate the role of the interior elements, we utilize the visual merchandising approach, commonly used in interior design. According to this approach, certain rules are applied to the arrangement of street vendors’ merchandise in urban space. Examining the compositions that are formed from the vertical and horizontal surfaces in the street vendors’ trading space unravels the relationship of urban space as the background for the street vendors’ trading space. This paper reveals the role of street vendors in forming urban space through its spatial mechanisms of layout, composition, and interior elements.
Spatial negotiation: understanding the inside and outside of temporary space
Authors: Lucas O A , Nuraeny E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The meaning of interior space has expanded beyond the architectural borders. Once existing within the domestic boundaries, interior space can now be experienced in the urban context through temporary space as it repurposes unused land. A common phenomenon of temporary space within the urban context is a street vendor selling foods. In this era, some street vendors’ presence correlates with the internet and social media to elevate their products. This action makes human’s activity more effective and efficient. However, how about the realization in the urban context? In this case, we will focus on one kind of street vendors in Indonesia. Angkringan Mbah Ino in Depok, West Java, is an example of a temporary space that exists and operates in the city. The presence of the angkringan creates a new interior space that is adaptable and changeable, adjusting to its site, activities, and time. This paper will explore spatial negotiation between inside and outside that occurs in food vendors. An adjustment will be negotiated with the environment and the people around it. The analysis started with field observation and an in-depth interview with the seller and then was continued to map the ever-changing spatial programming of angkringan to the sidewalk. By observing and comparing government’s regulations on street vendors, this paper investigates how affordances work to support the socio-economic needs and transform the intended use of public space. This paper serves as a trigger for a new law beneficial to street vendors and pedestrians in the future, especially for Depok City.
Strategy and innovation of home based enterprises for local development in the 4.0 era: a bibliographic study
Authors: Tyas W P , Hutama J K P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A promotion in entrepreneurship at the household level through efforts in using space at home can lead to Local economic development. By using the house as a place of business, it only needs a limited budget. This type of business contributes to increasing income for households, even in times of crisis. Many studies of Home-Based Enterprises (HBEs) proves that this can contribute to improving household welfare, even on a broader scale that is contributing to local and regional development. HBEs are very adaptive and start using technology. The ability to adapt is inseparable from the strategy and innovation carried out both in terms of ‘software’, namely human resources, or ‘hardware’ readiness, namely technology and or tools that support development including in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. The purpose of this paper is to identify the framework of strategy and innovation of HBEs’ development in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era based on book or articles published in international journals. The importance of the study is in mapping patterns of strategies, and successful innovations produce a strategy model and entrepreneurial innovation. It aims to deconstruct concepts, strategies and innovations related to the development of HBE that contribute to local development in the 4.0 era based on creativity and innovation, and related technology and tools used for development. The results is HBEs can develop through innovations in technology adoption consists of the using of Webite, Social Media, E-Commerce, Mobile Application, and ICT, and the strategies need multi stakeholders namely University and Large Firms to transfer knowledge and technologies; Government to provide supporting laws and regulation, policies and programmes; and the actor of HBEs in increase capacity to adopt new technologies. HBEs will benefit from doing the right strategy and innovation. From these benefits, HBEs will simultaneously improve its local economy, as well as successfully face the challenges of the industrial revolution 4.0.
Performance of nano metaclay on chloride diffusion for ultra- high performance concrete
Authors: Jaafar M F Md , Mohd Saman H , Muhd Sidek M N , Muthusamy K , Ismail N 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe major cause for corrosion of steel reinforcement embedded in concrete due to chloride penetration has been the great research effort. The use of nano metaclay in UHPC increase the strength and helps the formation of micro pores by acting as a filler thus improve the chloride penetration resistance characteristic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the chloride diffusion of UHPC using RCPT and chloride penetration depth. Four (4) series of UHPC comprised of plain UHPC and a series of nanoUHPC incorporating 1%, 3% and 5% of nano metaclay were produced. It is reported that the compressive strength of nano UHPCl exhibits higher strength up to 10% compared to plain UHPC. The results showed that UHPC containing nano metaclay also significantly affect the chloride diffusion coefficient. As regards to the results, inclusion of 1% nano metaclay in UHPC led to noticeable benefit towards strength and chloride resistance.
Review of Industrialized Buildings Experience in Malaysia: An Example of a Developing Country
Authors: Al-Aidrous Al-Hussein M H , Rahmawati Y , Wan Yusof K , Omar Baarimah A , Alawag A M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Building industry is currently under pressing need to move towards a sustainable and productive practice. The demand in residential projects keeps on rising, especially in developing countries. The Industrialized Building System (IBS) is deemed to be more sustainable compared to the traditional construction that uses bricks and mortar. However, there is limited uptake for IBS, especially in the housing sector. The lack of incentives and small-scale projects among main factors impede the increase of implementing IBS in residential projects. Around 5 million housing units have been built in Malaysia by both private and public sector since the first IBS housing project is commenced in 1966. Yet, the gap between supply and demand is around 43% (shortage) with small share for IBS in the housing sector. This study Examined IBS projects growth in term of scale, type and classification development in Malaysian context. Then, analysed reasons, impacts and expected results when employing IBS in Malaysia. The findings illustrate the timeline of IBS establishment and development of IBS housing and building projects in Malaysia. This study tracked the development of IBS with greater focus on housing. Moreover, this study reviewed and analysed the way forward to uplift IBS implementation to a higher level. Finally, this study will guide future research and draw the line for other developing countries to follow the path and learn from such experience.
Evaluation of occupational safety and health at construction site in state of Perlis
Authors: Ayob A , Ibrahim A M , Mokhtar H , Syamsyiah N R , Din A Z M , Zahid M Z A M , Rahim M A , Zakaria M H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This current study evaluates occupational safety and health (OSH) practices for 35 medium-and high-grade contractors in the state of Perlis by using structured questionnaires and interviews. Among the 70% of valid participants, majority (Scale Interval Index = 4.16) agreed that “failure to comply with OSH Act” is the main challenge to safety. They strongly believed that complying with OSH standards is beneficial to “the elimination of injury and death” and that “providing the necessary safety gears” at the construction site is among the effective methods to promote efficient OSH among the workers. Companies with adequate OSH management systems have a better record in terms of safety and performance than those that do not have such systems.
Leaving Problematic Assets Behind: Lessons from Post-tsunami Reconstruction in Aceh
Authors: Adamy A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Tsunami shaken the Indian Ocean in 2004 as the fourth-largest earthquake in a century erupted underwater off the Indonesian province of Aceh. Killing 227.898 people across 14 countries, with Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand the hardest hit. Aceh was struggling under more than 30 years of armed conflict whilst facing one of the deadliest natural disasters in modern history. As a blessing in disguise, the post-tsunami reconstruction has opened many opportunities for Aceh: ending the long civil war and receiving aid predicted as much as US$ 6.1 billion. The Indonesia government claimed to have built more than 120.000 homes, 3.500 kilometers of roads, 266 bridges, 20 ports, 12 airports, 954 health facilities, 1.450 school buildings, and 979 public offices. This paper’s objective is to discuss the problem found in those assets to have complete lessons learned perspective. Secondary data was analyzed from the final report of Transition Unit - a temporary body assisting the Aceh Provincial Government during the transition period before reconstruction is officially closed in 2009. This study focused on public buildings under the Aceh Provincial Government that received the highest number of assets. Major problem found: the local government is not prepared to manage large public assets; lack of mutual understanding between local governments and central government; and many assets does not fulfill administration requirement by the Indonesia construction regulations. Types of problematic assets left are: no official documents, unclear ownership, unclear maintenance budget, already damaged, not utilize, and some assets still not finish. These findings may impact the sustainability of the public buildings and may increase the vulnerability factor in facing disaster in the future.
Effect of Inadequate Lap Splice Length on the Seismic Fragility of Ground Soft-story Reinforced Concrete Frames
Authors: Koon F S , Vafaei M , Alih S C 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this study, numerical analysis was used to derive seismic fragility curves for 3-, 6- and 9-story reinforced concrete (RC) frame with inadequate lap splice length and ground soft-story condition. The structural models were subjected to 15 far-field natural earthquake records. The peak ground acceleration (PGA) of the selected records was scaled in the range of 0.05g to 0.50g with an increment of 0.05g. Incremental dynamic analysis was employed to determine their inter-story drift demand and capacities. The obtained results indicated that the probability of severe damage to the RC frames increased as the number of stories decreased. It was also observed that the RC frames with inadequate lap splice length exhibited significantly higher probability of collapse when compared with RC frames with adequate lap splice length.
Seismic Performance of Low Ductile RC Frame Designed in Accordance with Malaysia National Annex to Eurocode 8
Authors: Chong J H , Alih S C , Vafaei M , Wong W K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Malaysia national annex to Eurocode 8 was released in 2017 and now buildings in Malaysia should be designed in accordance with specifications given in this annex. Unlike Eurocode 8 in which the inter-story drift control is compulsory for all types of structures, the drift control in the Malaysia national annex has been limited to very important buildings. This study was carried out to investigate to what extent limiting the inter-story drifts to the given values by the code will affect the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. For this purpose, 4, 7 and 10-storey low-ductile RC buildings constructed on soft and stiff soils were designed for seismic actions. In the seismic design of buildings two different conditions were considered. First group of buildings were designed considering the limitation of interstory drift as suggested by the Eurocode 8. However, in the design of the second group of buildings the limitations of the inter-story drifts were not included. Both group of buildings were subjected to pushover analysis and their performance points were calculated using the capacity spectrum method. The obtained results indicated that the consideration of inter-story drift limits had insignificant effect on the damage intensity to beams and columns. However, buildings that their inter-story drifts were limited exhibited relatively lower damage intensity to infill walls.
Comparison of Methods to Estimate Missing Rainfall Data for Short Term Period at UMP Gambang
Authors: Nadiatul Adilah A A G , Hannani H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Hydrological analysis is crucial for planning or designing engineering structures and water resources system as stated by World Meteorological Organization (WMO). A long and complete data set of rainfall is required in order to carry out the hydrological study successfully. However, the most common problem that always come up in data collection is the lacking of data due to some occurrence involving the equipment installed that may cause the error to occur. For this study, another problem that has been a concern is the availability of the rainfall data is insufficient as the studied area is newly developed so the limitation of the existing data may affect to the relevance of this study. Therefore, this study is mainly conducted to compare three existing methods from previous scholars which are Arithmetic Mean Method, Normal Ratio Method and Inverse Distance Weighting Method to prove whether these methods are capable to fill the gaps of rainfall data for short term period of study. The existing data collected at the target station are then compared with the three methods whether the results gained are similar or otherwise. Analysis shows that the study for short term period is irrelevant due to the insufficiency of data collection.
The effect of static mixer on the properties and performance of aerobic granules under different organic loading rates in treating synthetic textile wastewater
Authors: Suryati S , Abdul Syukor AR , Azmi A , Khalida M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Biogranulation is considered a promising technology in biological wastewater treatment due to its high effluent treatment quality, strong ability to withstand organic loading, strong microbial structure and high capability to remove organics, nitrogen and phosphate. Organic loading rate (OLR) is known as one of the significant factors in biogranulation process. Aerobic granules can be developed under different OLR conditions. Microorganisms are starved at low OLR while microbial growth accelerates at high OLR. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of various OLRs on the physical characteristics and treatment performance of aerobic granules in treating synthetic textile wastewater. Two reactors named as R4Y and R4N were used, where R4Y was a reactor with static mixer and R4N was without the static mixer. The OLR of 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 kg/m3.day were examined during the post development study. The study demonstrated that OLR affected the performance of biogranules. The physical characteristics of biogranules and removal efficiencies of the reactor with static mixer seemed to be better as compared to the reactor without static mixer with increasing of OLR. The granules of R4Y had better physical strength with IC of 19.6% and more excellent settling ability with SV of 82.7 m/h and SVI of 24.6 mL/g. The findings proved that static mixer had a positive influence in biogranulation system and therefore, will lower the energy consumption and operational cost.
The Response of Steel Plates Subjected to Close-in Blast Loads
Authors: Razak N S A , Alias A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Steel plates are commonly used for civil infrastructures and military vehicles. Since public awareness on the risk of explosion increase, extensive research is performed to improve the blast resistance of structures such as steel plates. This paper presents numerical investigations of the response of unstiffened and stiffened square steel plates subjected to close-in blast loads at different plate orientations. The numerical investigations were performed using finite element software ABAQUS. The target plates were subjected to blast loads produced by Plastic Explosive No.4 (PE4) with the mass range from 10 g to 20 g. The plates were stiffened with two stiffener configurations and in each configuration, the plate was tilted at three different angles of orientation, namely 0°, 15° and 45°. The results were compared against unstiffened square plates. The response of the plate was quantified in terms of the maximum central displacement of the plate. The results suggest tilted steel plates with the presence of stiffeners improves the blast resistance of the steel plates
Numerical Investigation of Steel Reinforcement Arrangement in Reinforced Concrete Wall Subjected to Blast
Authors: Seman M A , Syed Mohsin S M , Zaidi A M A , Jaini Z M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) numerical modelling of inverted-T shape reinforced concrete (RC) wall subjected to blast load is study in this paper. The walls have the same moment resistance with different steel reinforcement arrangements. It is subjected to 13.61 kg Trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive at 1.21 m standoff distance from the centre. The Arbitrary Lagrange Euler (ALE) solvers coupling approach is employed for the interface analysis between air and structure to simulate the damage mechanism in AUTODYN numerical commercial software. The numerical damage indicator indicated, with mesh dependency assessment, the damage pattern vs experimental appeared precisely on the steel reinforcement grid due to the smaller element size compared to the coarse element used.
Nano-Silica modifier asphalt concrete under rutting resistance and shape memory component
Authors: Mohammed A A , Mwangi P M , Anwar M P , Leong L T , Jayaprakash J , Ramadhansyah P J , Mohamed Jaafar Z F , Mashros N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Permanent deformation is pavement distress that has been the root cause of failure of roads globally. With the formation of a rut, follows cracking which inevitably damages the asphalt and sub-base layers. To curb the rutting distress, this study investigates the use of nanosilica, miniaturized silica particles to the power of 10-9 to modify the binder of the asphalt concrete. The nano-silica was added at 4%, 6% and 15% by weight of bitumen into the asphalt mixture. Marshall Mix design method was used to prepare the forty-eight samples used in the study. Repeated Load Permanent Deformation (RLPD) test and Shape Memory (SM) were performed at two temperatures (25°C and 40°C). It was found that the rutting resistance and shape memory had the best performance with the addition of 15% nano-silica at 40°C. Addition of nano-silica at 15% by weight of bitumen had the best amelioration of not only permanent deformation resistance but also shape retention thus enhancing pavement performance.