bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic monitoring of mycophenolic acid in renal transplanted patients by a validated HPLC method
Authors: Kolaci Mikaela , Deda Leonard , Idrizi Alma , Barbullushi Myftar , Thereska Dariel 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Mycophenolate mofetil and its active metabolite mycophenolic acid are routinely used as immunosuppressant drugs in solid organ transplantation in a fixed daily dose regimen in association with cyclosporine, tacrolimus and steroids. Therapeutic drug monitoring for mycophenolic acid concentration has been suggested to optimize outcomes by reducing rejection and drug related toxicities in clinical renal transplantation.
Aim: To determine the predose concentration of mycophenolic acid in renal transplanted patients by a validated proposed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and to estimate the interindividual variability based on the therapeutic target.
Materials and methods: An HPLC method combined with protein precipitation has been validated for mycophenolic acid determination in the human plasma obtained from 21 renal transplant recipients. HPLC analysis was carried out using the chromatographic system Agilent Technologies 1200 DAD. Samples were injected manually, and the compounds were separated on a LiChrosphere&reg; select B C18 analytical column. The mobile phase was 45:55 (v/v) acetonitrile-buffer phosphate, pH 2.5, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and column temperature of 30&deg;C. Detection was performed at 215 nm. Whole blood samples were collected into vacutainers containing EDTA and separated at 6000 g for 10 minutes. A 200-&mu;L aliquot of patient plasma was transferred to a tube, followed by addition of 10 &mu;L of naproxen as internal standard and 400 &mu;L of acetonitrile (v/v) as a protein precipitating agent. Each tube was vortex-mixed for 30 sec and then centrifuged for 10 min at 10000 rpm. 20 &mu;L of the supernatant was injected into the HPLC system for analysis.
Results: The method showed appropriate linearity for MPA with correlation coefficient greater than 0.999. High inter-patient variability is observed with 18% of patients within the target trough concentration range, 27% of patients below the target trough concentration range and 54% over the range with risk of toxicity.
Conclusions: Therapeutic monitoring of MPA might contribute to a better management of renal transplant recipient with the goal of optimizing therapeutic regimens in order to reduce the risk of rejection and MPA&#8208;related toxicity.
L’herméneutique et les méthodes d’exégèse biblique
Authors: Schlegel Jean-Louis 
Published: October 2021

Selon son propre aveu à la fin de sa vie, Paul Ricœur s’est longtemps « penché de bonne heure » dans la lecture de la Bible. Il en résulta une compétence exceptionnelle en matière d’exégèse et d’herméneutique bibliques, servies à leur tour par sa capacité de reprise philosophique des questions posées. De nombreux articles, dans des revues françaises et étrangères – revues confessionnelles certes, en France, en raison des partages laïques du savoir – ont témoigné de cette connaissance et de cet intérêt, et donné à penser aux spécialistes de la Bible sur leurs méthodes de lecture et d’interprétation. En ce sens, nonobstant l’autonomie maintenue de sa réflexion philosophique par rapport à ses intérêts et ses convictions personnels, Ricœur a été un médiateur important, et trop ignoré, de la reprise des approches structurales et sémiotiques (du tournant linguistique en sciences humaines et en philosophie) dans l’exégèse historico-critique et la réception herméneutique des textes bibliques.
La loi du 9 avril 1898 sur les accidents du travail. Une opportunité pour le secteur privé des assurances (1898-1914) ?
Authors: Naudet Jean-François 
Published: October 2021

La loi du 9 avril 1898 sur les accidents du travail a ouvert un nouveau champ d’expansion pour les compagnies d’assurances et les mutuelles. Sa rentabilité est restée depuis un sujet controversé. Notre propos est d’apporter un nouvel éclairage sur la complexité des bilans à partir d’une comparaison entre compagnies à primes fixes et mutuelle, en soulignant les écarts entre les discours souvent très alarmistes et une réalité plus nuancée. Si des difficultés apparaissent du fait de la nouveauté de cette activité, les causes sont multiples et ne peuvent être réduites à la seule « fraude » que les assureurs mettent systématiquement en avant. L’état encore embryonnaire et lui aussi controversé de la réflexion des assureurs autour de la prévention et de la reconstitution de la force de travail constitue un pan complémentaire de cette recherche éclairant au passage le débat naissant sur les maladies professionnelles. Un dispositif global intégrant des acteurs variés dont le milieu médical et celui de la justice tente de se mettre en place non sans contradiction.
Juriste internationaliste et militant socialiste : l’engagement d’A. Berenstein (1909-2000) en faveur de la protection sociale
Authors: Kott Sandrine , Leutwyler Sylvain 
Published: October 2021

À travers la figure du professeur de droit social et socialiste genevois Alexandre Berenstein, cet article livre une réflexion sur les ressorts et les formes de l’engagement en faveur de la réforme sociale au XX e siècle. Suivre le parcours d’Alexandre Berenstein permet d’éclairer et de combiner trois caractéristiques de cet engagement. Son activité permet d’abord de poursuivre la réflexion sur les échelles de la protection sociale du local à l’international. Son parcours éclaire ensuite l’évolution des formes de l’engagement social international, des mondes de la « nébuleuse réformatrice » depuis l’Association pour le progrès social jusqu’à la communauté d’experts au sein de la Société internationale de droit du travail et de la sécurité sociale. Enfin, socialiste de conviction, Berenstein est aussi un militant de terrain et s’engage dès les années 1930 en faveur de la réforme sociale au sein du mouvement syndical et socialiste. Étudier ses convictions et ses activités de terrain permet de contribuer au débat actuel sur le rôle qu’ont joué les acteurs de la social-démocratie dans les projets internationalistes de la réforme sociale, les réseaux qu’ils ont constitués, les pratiques qu’ils ont déployées jusqu’à leur échec et l’entrée dans la logique néo-libérale à la fin des années 1970.
Consonant Recognition Using Coarticulatory Cues in Individuals with Normal Hearing and Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Mohan Dhanya , Maruthy Sandeep 
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives
The study investigated the role of coarticulatory cues in the perception of consonants in Malayalam and its temporal window. It also compared normal hearing individuals and individuals with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) for their ability to utilize coarticulatory cues for the perception of consonants.

Methods
The study used a quasi- experimental post-test only mixed research design. Fifteen normal-hearing individuals and 15 individuals with SNHL who were native speakers of Malayalam participated in the study. The stimuli included consonant-vowel syllables in their original and truncated forms. The forward-gating method was used to generate the truncated tokens. The participants were assessed for their consonant recognition in closed-set conditions.

Results
There was a significant difference in the temporal window of the utility of coarticulatory cues across consonants and also between the two groups of participants.

Conclusions
In normal-hearing individuals, coarticulatory cues are useful for the recognition of stop consonants, nasals as well as fricatives, with the maximum temporal window of utility seen in nasals. However, individuals with SNHL fail to utilize the available coarticulatory cues to recognize the consonants.
Effect of manual versus mechanical irrigation agitation protocols on postoperative pain in patients with irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis
Authors: Badr Mahmoud M. 
Published: October 2021

Aim
This study was intended to compare syringe irrigation versus two irrigation agitation protocols [manual dynamic agitation (MDA) and passive ultrasonic irrigation] regarding postoperative pain (PP) after chemo-mechanical preparation of mandibular first molars with irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis using numerical rating scale.

Participants and methods
Ninety patients with mandibular first molars diagnosed as symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with apical periodontitis were included in this study. Teeth were classified into three groups (n = 30) according to the final irrigation agitation protocol used. Root canals were irrigated using 5.25% sodium hypochlorite using the following protocols; group A: NaviTip (31-G 27 mm) with double side-port irrigator tip (side vented needle). Group B: MDA with well fitted master cone. Group C: ultrasonic activation using Endo ultra. PP was evaluated after 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h and 1 week. Level of confidence at 95% was used for statistical significance.

Results
Severity of PP was significantly more intense at 6–12 and 24-h time intervals in group B patients than groups A and C (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference among all groups at the other time intervals (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
After chemo-mechanical preparation in mandibular first molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis, MDA caused greater PP in comparison with the other irrigation agitation protocols in the first 24 h. Severity of PP in all groups decreased over time.
The relation between the severity of reading disorder and visual functions among children with dyslexia
Authors: Darvishi Azam , Rad Davood Sobhani , Atigh Somayyeh Boomi Quchan , Hamidi Aghdas , Shandiz Javad Heravian , Baghini Ahmad Shojaei 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE:
The purpose of the study was to investigate the relation between the severity of reading disorder and visual functions among children with dyslexia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study included 32 dyslexic children selected from two centers for learning disabilities in Mashhad, Iran. Dyslexics were then classified as mild, moderate, and severe based on an instrument used to determine the severity of their reading disorder. Complete optometric examinations to measure visual acuity, refractive errors, latent and manifest deviations, stereoacuity, and amplitude of accommodation were performed for all participants. The correlation between visual functions among dyslexics and their reading disorder severity was investigated.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the participants in this study was 8.1 ± 0.8 years. Among participants, 40.6%, 31.3%, and 28.1% presented with severe, moderate, and mild levels of reading difficulties, respectively. Only exophoria significantly correlated with the severity of reading disorders. No significant correlation was found between other visual functions and the severity of reading disorders in dyslexic children.

CONCLUSION:
We found that higher exophoria at near has a significant correlation with the severity of dyslexia. A complete and detailed eye examination of patients with dyslexia and correcting their visual impairments might be helpful.
The Caricatures of Pavel. E. Shcherbov in the Satirical Magazine “The Jester”
Authors: Zhuravleva Aleksandra G. 
Published: October 2021

Pavel. E. Shcherbov's caricatures were first brought to the public's attention in the satirical magazine “The Jester” in which he had published them for several years. The cartoons of this period led P.E. Shcherbov to serious success, while their chosen theme - the artistic environment of St. Petersburg at the turn of the century - brought him fame. The research is aimed at studying the artist's collaboration with this magazine through the cartoons themselves as well as his relationship with the magazine's editorial board. It records the assessments, memories and reactions of the contemporaries about Shcherbov's cartoons published in “The Jester”. The study found that the reactions were opposite at times, from sharply negative to rave reviews. A subsequent analysis of the influence of the cartoonist's works on the art world is carried out. Within this article Shcherbov's caricatures that were published in the magazine “The Jester” and other themes that the artist used are identified. As a result of the research, a close cooperation between Shcherbov and the magazine “The Jester” is revealed as well as the conclusion that the cartoonist contributed to the rise of the satirical publications, whilst his works generated great public interest, having influenced further decisions and actions of his contemporaries, is made.
Humour in Film as a Method of Expression
Authors: Baltag Victoria 
Published: October 2021

Living in a social world, we experience feelings and react to others’ feelings as they appear to us. For instance, we have all smiled since we were babies. The first “genuine” social smile typically occurs sometime between weeks 6 and 8, as a response to recognizing someone very special: Mom or Dad (Kail, V., Robert & Cavanaugh, John C., 2019). We see, we are happy, we smile. We are born with the desire to be happy.
Humankind has searched for different revelations of happiness, and this is how humour was born. From ancient times to the present day, humour has been an instrument of communication, a social behaviour that is an integral part of mass media and social interaction. Humour provides a reciprocal influence. It is a way to interpret information as well as a specific media that can be used to convey this information. What happens to the media once it is "infected" by humour? Does humour necessarily satisfy the need for entertainment? Can humour have a "serious face"? Is it true that "Humour is always a monopoly of the semi-literate" (McLuhan, 2016)?
This essay will explore the above-mentioned topics from the perspective of the humour applied in motion pictures, during the interwar era. It will specifically discuss the genre of satire using as a case study the humour found in Latin America during that time as evidenced in the movie Tararira, the film of Benjamin Fondane produced by Falma Film in Buenos Aires in 1936.
OLASI HATA TÜRLERİ VE ETKİLERİ ANALİZİ (HTEA) YÖNTEMİ İLE BİR YERALTI KÖMÜR İŞLETMESİNİN RİSK ANALİZİNİN YAPILMASI
Authors: ŞENSÖĞÜT Cem , SARGIN Süleyman Sırrı 
Published: October 2021

Madencilik sektörü, gelişmekte olan tüm ülkeler için olduğu gibi ülkemiz açısından da önem arz etmektedir. Sanayi kuruluşlarına dolaylı veya doğrudan hammadde sağlama işlevi bakımından ülkelerin öncü sektörleri arasında sayılan madencilik iş kolu, çalışanların iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından büyük tehlike ve riskler barındırmaktadır. Madencilik sektöründe çalışanlar için güvenli bir ortam oluşturabilmek adına bu tehlike ve risklerin belirlenmesi, tasnif edilmesi, acil önlem alınması gereken tehlike ve risklerin analiz edilerek güvenli bir ortam oluşturulması hayati önem taşımaktadır.
Bu çalışmada bir yeraltı kömür işletmesine ait tehlike ve riskler “Olası Hata Türleri ve Etkileri Analizi (HTEA) Yöntemi” ile analiz edilerek değerlendirilmiş, güvenli bir çalışma ortamı oluşturmak için alınması gereken önlemler belirlenmiştir.
Paradigma Humanis Pelayanan Publik Pada Kebijakan Larangan Mudik 2021 di Pelabuhan Bakauheni Lampung
Authors: Adam Syahid  , Retnowati WD Tuti  
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini membahas implementasi pelayanan publik para stakeholder di Pemerintahan Lampung pada kebijakan larangan mudik 2021 pada para pemudik dengan segala prosedur kesehatan dengan perspektif/paradigma humanistis. Kami menggunakan metode deskriptif, dengan pendekatan kualitatif., yaitu menggambarkan beberapa kajian, kebijakan pelayanan publik dari berbagai literatur. Berdasarkan kajian literatur mendapatkan hasil Pelayanan penanaman nilai-nilai humanisme sebagai upaya preventif kepada para pelaksana pemberi layanan, satgas Covid 19 dibawah kordinasi Pemerintahan Lampung yang optimal, melalui lima indikator yang digunakan dapat dilihat bagaimana kualitas pelayanan upaya preventif larangan mudik yaitu Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy dan Tangibel, dengan tracking para pemudik , pengguna jasa moda transportasi darat melalui swab antigen. Larangan mudik 2021 bagi pemudik yang insidentil karena sebab akibat keluarga darurat kesehatan, dan lain lain terjadi proses pelayanan publik yang berkualitas dan optimal kepuasan dirasakan oleh para penerima layanan dengan upaya preventif dan standa prosedur kesehatan melalui swan antigen sebelum menyeberang melalui pelabuhan bakauheni.
Clear, transparent, and timely communication for fair authorship decisions: a practical guide
Authors: Gani Shahzad , Kohl Lukas , Baalbaki Rima , Bianchi Federico , Ruuskanen Taina M. , Siira Olli-Pekka , Paasonen Pauli , Vehkamäki Hanna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Authorship conflicts are a common occurrence in academic publishing, and they can have serious implications for the careers and well-being of the involved researchers as well as the collective success of research organizations. In addition to not inviting relevant contributors to co-author a
paper, the order of authors as well as honorary, gift, and ghost authors are all widely recognized problems related to authorship. Unfair authorship practices disproportionately affect those lower in the power hierarchies – early career researchers, women, researchers from the Global
South, and other minoritized groups. Here we propose an approach to preparing author lists based on clear, transparent, and timely communication. This approach aims to minimize the potential for late-stage authorship conflicts during manuscript preparation by facilitating timely and transparent decisions on potential co-authors and their responsibilities. Furthermore, our approach can help avoid imbalances between
contributions and credits in published papers by recording planned and executed responsibilities. We present authorship guidelines which also include a novel authorship form along with the documentation of the formulation process for a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary center with
more than 250 researchers. Other research groups, departments, and centers can use or build on this template to design their own authorship
guidelines as a practical way to promote fair authorship practices.
Los polacos en la Guerra Civil española (1936-1939): durante el conflicto y después
Authors: Pietrzak Jacek 
Published: October 2021

Polish citizens and people of Polish descent played a considerably significant role in the Spanish Civil War. They fought on both sides of the conflict, however, most of them in the Republican Army (4,500-5,000 among ca. 35,000 soldiers of the International Brigades). Approximately 75% of them comprised of immigrants, mainly from France, who were predominantly either activists or supporters of the French Communist Party. Only 600-800, or according to some sources 1200 individuals, the majority of whom were communists (80% or more), were believed to come directly from Poland. The highest number of volunteers fought within the ranks of 13th Brigade “Jarosław Dąbrowski”, which took part in the major key operations and suffered huge losses amounting to 30-40%. A few dozens of Poles fought in the Gen. F. Franco’s National Army. Most of them were professional soldiers of the Spanish Foreign Legion, who had joined it before the war broke out, so their participation in the war was not dictated by ideological reasons. The author adopts synthesizing approach to portray the Polish soldiers fighting for each side of the conflict, including their background and involvement in the most important military operations. The article pays an attention to the fates of Polish veterans of the International Brigades referred to as “Dąbrowszczacy” during the World War II and, following this, an attempt to demonstrate the specific role and changes “Dąbrowszczacy” were undergoing within the political system of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL).
Azcona, José Manuel; Abdiu, Majlinda; y Burón, Manuel (eds.): De la beat generation al movimiento punk: vástagos culturales de la sociedad de la abundancia. Madrid, Sílex, 2021. 360pp.
Authors: Mota Zurdo David 
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de Azcona, José Manuel; Abdiu, Majlinda; y Burón, Manuel (eds.): De la beat generation al movimiento punk: vástagos culturales de la sociedad de la abundancia. Madrid, Sílex, 2021. 360pp.
Berthier, Nancy: La muerte de Franco en la pantalla. “El Generalísimo is Still Dead”. Valencia (España), Shangrila Ediciones, 2020. 255 pp.
Authors: Jiménez Gómez Cristina 
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de Berthier, Nancy: La muerte de Franco en la pantalla. “El Generalísimo is Still Dead”. Valencia (España), Shangrila Ediciones, 2020. 255 pp.
TAX POLICY WITHOUT CONSULTATION: IS NEW ZEALAND ON A ‘SLIPPERY SLOPE’?
Authors: Sawyer Adrian 
Published: October 2021

This paper analyses recent developments in New Zealand’s tax policy development framework. Specifically, it contributes to the literature in several ways. First, it adds to the exploration of the tax policy process in New Zealand via the generic tax policy process (GTPP), especially the instances where the GTPP is not being utilised as originally intended. The paper also seeks to analysis this development in the context of the slippery slope framework (SSF), through extending the model to embrace the power and trust balance as between the government and taxpayers/practitioners in the context of tax policy development. With the ongoing status of the GTPP in doubt at the time of writing the conclusions drawn remain tentative.[**Paper here**](https://web.tresorit.com/l/pkl67#UGNkH2IiaMxjA_gfh6wW6Q)
Infrastructure-Structural Transformation Nexus in Africa: The Role of Financial Sector Development
Authors: Raifu Isiaka Akande , Nnadozie Obianuju Ogochukwu , Adeniyi Oluwatosin Ademola 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the link between infrastructure and structural transformation in Africa as well as the mediating role of financial development on the nexus. We employ data from 24 African countries for the period 2003 to 2019 and adopt the system Generalized Method of Moments (sGMM) estimation technique. Our empirical results suggest that infrastructure and financial development foster structural transformation. However, our results show varying effects of ICT, electricity, and transport on sectoral value-added. Specifically, ICT infrastructure spurs the agricultural and manufacturing sectors value-added, electricity infrastructure aids all sectoral value-added, and transport infrastructure is important to the development of the manufacturing and services subsectors. Also, the agricultural and manufacturing sectors benefit more than the services sectors from financial-sector development. Overall, we find that infrastructure stimulates structural transformation. The net effect of the interaction of financial development and infrastructure on structural transformation appears to be zero, suggesting that financial development does not augment the nexus between infrastructure and structural transformation in Africa.