bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Disorders Among Postgraduate Students in an Arabic Sample: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alageel Asem , Alyahya Rayyan Abdullah , Alghamdi Raed A. , Alzaid Ban A. , Alsubaie Aryaf S , Aldrehim Maha , Alrahili Nader , McIntyre Roger S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Depression and anxiety are indicators of mental health and quality of life. Studies found a high prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders among specific populations, such as medical students, residents and fellows. However, postgraduate students unarguably suffer from many private and career life stressors. Unfortunately, research about the prevalence of depression and anxiety among postgraduate students are greatly lacking.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey; a self-questionnaire divided into five sections. Socio-demographic characteristics, the Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression (PHQ9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 item (GAD7), insomnia and suicide.Results: The number of participants was 1,005, The prevalence of depression and GAD that warrant treatments are 27.4% and 23.6%, respectively. Most of the participants who screened positive for depression and GAD were not aware of having these disorders. Females were at a higher risk of depression (OR: 1.5, 95% CL: 1.10 to 2.15) and GAD (OR:1.49, 95% CL 1.07 to 2.07). Insomnia is associated significantly with depression (P<0.001) and GAD (P<0.001). Depression increases the risk for active suicide thoughts (OR= 7.453) (P<0.001). Conclusion: We have identified a higher prevalence of depression and GAD among postgraduate students compared with the general population. However, they appear to be underrepresented in mental health literature, so further research is necessary. The limitations of this study were centered on the nature of cross-sectional studies, causal relationships cannot be identified.
A nomogram to predict the risk of low cardiac output syndrome after heart valve replacement in cardiac valvular disease patients
Authors: Qing Qiusha , Wei Xin , Zhen Hong , Wen Zhi , Sun Xiaokang , Yang Junrong , Chen Peirui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and AimLow cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a serious postoperative complication, affecting the prognosis of patients underwent heart valve replacement (HVR). We aim to create a nomogram to predict LCOS after HVR in cardiac valvular disease patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of 500 cardiac valvular disease patients underwent HVR from 2016 to 2020 in our department. Univariate analysis evaluated the associations between clinical/echocardiographic parameters and LCOS. Independent t-test or Mann–Whitney U‐test: for continuous variables. Fisher's exact test or χ2 test: for categorical variables. Variables with a P < 0.1 in the univariate analysis were entered into least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to select factors. Then, multivariable logistic regression was performed to develop the predictive model and a nomogram. The discrimination ability, calibration curve analysis and decision curve analysis (DCA) of the nomogram was evaluated in development and validation group.ResultsOf 500 patients, 92 developed postoperative LCOS (18.4%). The nomogram included the following variables: body mass index (BMI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS). The nomogram showed favorable calibration and favorite performance for LCOS detection with C-index 0.826 in the development group and 0.783 in validation group. The DCA showed that the novel model was clinically useful.ConclusionsWe created a nomogram of predicting postoperative LCOS in cardiac valvular disease patients received HVR. This nomogram could be an important tool of LCOS risk prediction after HVR to guide the therapeutic strategy in cardiac valvular disease patients.
Treatment of Herpangina Patients with Xiyanping Injection: A Retrospective Study Based on the Hospital Electronic Medical Record System
Authors: Geng Hongjiao , Wei Ruili , Wang Zhifei , Xie Yanming , Liu Zhishuai 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Although we have made tremendous medical advances in recent decades in vaccine and supportive therapies, the treatment of herpangina has not experienced such rapid advancement. Xiyanping injection(XYP) is a Chinese prescription with andrographolide as the main components. XYP shows strong inhibitory effects against enterovirus 71 virus,and existence of dose-response relationships in pharmacology studies. However, herpangina still lack specific therapeutics. The present study aimed to demonstrate the “real-world” experiences of herpangina in China using XYP therapy,to provide a basis for treatment of herpangina in children. Methods: We analyzed data of patients (≤70 years) diagnosed with herpangina and used XYP between October 2006 to October 2016 from the large electronic data warehouse (EDW), a multiple sources including hospital information system（HIS） data of “tertiary grade A hospitals” in China. Statistical analyses were performed by SAS9.2 and R.25 software. We present the following article in accordance with the STROBE Statement reporting checklist. Results: A total of 3423 patients of herpangina were retrieved for the analysis in this study. The mean age of the patient population was 2.66 years. Herpangina patients are often with multiple diagnosis, of which hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD), bronchopneumonia and febrile seizure present a higher probability. Antibiotics were the most prescribed (17.61%) except for XYP, followed by ascorbate (10.40%). Conclusions: This study is the first comprehensive retrospective review of herpangina for XYP that has been used in a clinical setting. The present findings of clinical characteristics are fairly consistent with previous clinical studies. Clinical medication use of herpangina were basically in accordance with Expert Consensus of Herpangina in China(2019).Meanwhile, there are abuse problems of antibiotics and antivirals. Despite the underlying mechanisms in antibacterial and antiviral of XYP, the exact clinical efficacy is yet to be revealed. The efficacy and safety of XYP with Western medicines has not been studied.
Nutrient component analyses of selected wild edible plants from Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh, India: An evaluation for future food
Authors: Bhatti Ram Chand , Kaur Rupinder , Kumar Abhishek , Kumar Viney , Singh Siril , Kumar Pardeep , Sharma Sheenu , Chongtham Nirmala , Singh Anand Narain 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Indigenous people of any particular region use various wild plants for their food, medicines, and other economic products. Many of these wild plants have been documented for their utilization as future foods and medicines based on these people's information. However, information about the nutrient components of many wild edible plants has yet to be scientifically tested. Therefore, this study evaluated the nutrient components of selected wild edible plants.
Methods

A total of 21 species were selected for nutrient and mineral analyses from a total of 90 wild edible plants reported during the survey of 1720 households. Based on the reported edible use, different plant parts of each species were evaluated for their carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin, and mineral contents. The obtained data were then analyzed using various quantitative indices to assess the selected wild edible plant's efficacy.
Results

It was found that nutrient content considerably varied among all the selected species. Among the selected plant species, Digera muricata has the richest protein content, the tuber of Dioscorea sp. has plenty of carbohydrate content, and Dioscorea bulbifera has the highest fat content. Similarly, Spondias pinnata and Boerhavia diffusa were rich sources of vitamin C and vitamin E, respectively. Digera muricata was found to be promising future food based on overall nutrient composition.
Conclusions

Several traditionally used wild edible plants can have surprisingly higher nutritional contents. These plants can offer a basis for developing dietary supplements and nutraceuticals on a commercial scale. Thus, scientific evaluation and validation of such underutilized plants and their products may prove an alternative future food for malnutrition people.
De Novo Genome Assembly of a Foxtail Millet Cultivar Huagu11 Uncovered the Genetic Difference to the Cultivar Yugu1, and the Genetic Mechanism of Imazethapyr Tolerance
Authors: Wang Jie , Li Shiming , Lan Lei , Xie Mushan , Cheng Shu , Gan Xiaolong , Huang Gang , Du Guohua , Yu kang , Ni Xuemei , Liu Baolong , Peng Guoxiong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Setaria italica is the second-most widely planted species of millets in the world and an important model grain crop for the research of C4 photosynthesis and abiotic stress tolerance. Through three genomes assembly and annotation efforts, all genomes were based on next generation sequencing technology, which limited the genome continuity. Results: Here we report a high-quality whole-genome of new cultivar Huagu11, using single-molecule real-time sequencing and High-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) mapping technologies. The total assembly size of the Huagu11 genome was 408.37 Mb with a scaffold N50 size of 45.89 Mb. Compared with the other three reported millet genomes based on the next generation sequencing technology, the Huagu11 genome had the highest genomic continuity. Intraspecies comparison showed about 94.97% and 94.66% of the Yugu1 and Huagu11 genomes, respectively, were able to be aligned as one-to-one blocks with four chromosome inversion. The Huagu11 genome contained approximately 19.43 Mb Presence/absence Variation (PAV) with 627 protein-coding transcripts, while Yugu1 genomes had 20.53 Mb PAV sequences encoding 737 proteins. Overall, 969,596 Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and 156,282 insertion-deletion (InDels) were identified between these two genomes. The genome comparison between Huagu11 and Yugu1 should reflect the genetic identity and variation between the cultivars of foxtail millet to a certain extent. The Ser-626-Aln substitution in acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS) was found to be relative to the imazethapyr tolerance in Huagu11. Conclusions: A new improved high-quality reference genome sequence of Setaria italica was assembled, and intraspecies genome comparison determined the genetic identity and variation between the cultivars of foxtail millet. Based on the genome sequence, it was found that the Ser-626-Aln substitution in AHAS was responsible for the imazethapyr tolerance in Huagu11. The new improved reference genome of Setaria italica will promote the genic and genomic studies of this species and be beneficial for cultivar improvement.
Mutation Profile of Collagen VI-Related Myopathy in Japan
Authors: Inoue Michio , Saito Yoshihiko , Yonekawa Takahiro , Ogawa Megumu , Iida Aritoshi , Nishino Ichizo , Noguchi Satoru 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Collagen VI-related myopathy spans a clinical continuum from severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy to milder Bethlem myopathy. This disease is caused by mutations in COL6A1, COL6A2, or COL6A3. Most reported mutations are de novo; therefore, to identify possible associated mutations, comprehensive large cohort studies are required for different ethnicities.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical information, muscle histology, and genetic analyses from 147 Japanese patients representing 130 families, whose samples were sent for diagnosis to the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry between July 1979 and January 2020. Genetic analyses were conducted by gene-based resequencing, targeted panel resequencing, and whole exome sequencing, in combination with cDNA analysis.Results: Of a total of 130 families with 1-5 members with collagen VI-related myopathy, 120 had mono-allelic and 10 had bi-allelic variants of COL6A1, COL6A2, or COL6A3. Among them, 60 variants were in COL6A1, 57 in COL6A2, and 23 in COL6A3, including 37 novel variants. Mono-allelic variants were classified into four groups: missense (69, 58%), splicing (40, 33%), small in-frame deletion (7, 6%), and large genomic deletion (4, 3%). Variants in the triple helical domains accounted for 88% (105/120) of all mono-allelic variants. Conclusions: We report the mutation profile of a large set of Japanese cases of collagen VI-related myopathy. This dataset can be used as a reference to support genetic diagnosis and mutation-specific treatment.
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of integrating the management of depression into routine HIV Care in Uganda (the HIV+D trial): A cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Kinyanda Eugene , Kyohangirwe Leticia , Mpango Richard S. , Tusiime Christine , Ssebunnya Joshua , Katumba Kenneth , Tenywa Patrick , Mugisha James , Taasi Geoffrey , Sentongo Hafsa , Akena Dickens , Laurence Yoko , Muhwezi Wilson , Weiss Helen A , Neuman Melissa , Greco Giulia , Knizek Birthe , Levin Jonathan , Araya Ricardo , Ssembajjwe Wilber , Kaleebu Pontiano , Patel Vikram 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: An estimated 8-30% of people living with HIV (PLWH) have depressive disorders (DD) in sub-Saharan Africa. Of these, the majority are untreated in most of HIV care services. There is evidence from low- and middle- income countries of the effectiveness of both psychological treatments and antidepressant medication for the treatment of DD among PLWH, but no evidence on how these can be integrated into routine HIV care. This protocol describes a cluster-randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the HIV+D model for the integration of a collaborative stepped care intervention for DD into routine HIV care, which we have developed and piloted in Uganda.Methods: Forty public health care facilities that provide HIV care in Kalungu, Masaka and Wakiso Districts will be randomly selected to participate in the trial. Each facility will recruit 10-30 eligible PLWH with DD and the total sample size will be 1200. The clusters will be randomised 1:1 to receive Enhanced Usual Care alone (EUC, i.e. HIV clinicians trained in Mental Health Gap Action Programme including guidelines on when and where to refer patients for psychiatric care) or EUC plus HIV+D (psychoeducation, Behavioural Activation, antidepressant medication and referral to a supervising mental health worker, delivered in a collaborative care stepwise approach). Eligibility criteria are PLWH attending the clinic, aged >18 years who screen positive on a depression screening questionnaire (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9≥10). The primary outcome is the mean depressive disorder symptom severity scores (assessed using the PHQ-9) at 3 months post-randomisation, with secondary mental health, disability, HIV and economic outcomes measured at 3 and 12 months. The cost-effectiveness of EUC with HIV+D will be assessed from both the health system and the societal perspectives by collecting health system, patient and productivity costs and mean DD severity scores at 3 months, additional to health and non-health related quality of life measures (EQ-5D-5L and OxCAP-MH).Discussion: The study findings will inform policy makers and practitioners on the cost-effectiveness of a stepped care approach to integrate depression management in routine care for PLWH in low-resource settings. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN86760765. Registered 07 September 2017, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN86760765
Optimism is a Nonnegligible Factor Associated With Compliance to Urate Lowering Therapy in Patients With Gout: A Prospective Study
Authors: Zhao Wenkai , Huang Zhixiang , Huang Yukai , Huang Qidang , Chen Shuyang , Liu Xiuqi , Zhong Zheng , Liu Yuqi , Li Tianwang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Optimism has different effects on patients with chronic rheumatic disease. Gout is an increasingly prevalent disorder around the world, while the compliance to urate lowering therapy (ULT) of gout patients is poor. The objective of this study was to assess the optimism of gout patients. Contributors to optimism and poor compliance were also explored.Methods: A total of 530 gout patients, 174 ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients, 60 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 324 healthy volunteers were included. Optimism, anxiety, and depression were measured by the life orientation test-revised (LOT-R), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS). Demographic and disease characteristic were recorded, including education, residence, disease duration, etc. Severity of pain in the involved joints was assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS). Concentration of serum uric acid (SUA) was collected at baseline and the last examination within the follow-up. Compliance to ULT was investigated by the medication possession ratio (MPR) in 3 months. The contributors to optimism and poor compliance were detected by the multivariate and binary logistic regression analysis.Results: The LOT-R score of gout patients was higher than AS and RA patients, but there was no statistical difference between gout patients and healthy controls. The SAS and SDS score of gout patients were lower than AS and RA patients, while the SDS score of gout patients was higher than healthy controls. The mean disease duration and VAS score were 5.0 (2.0-7.3) years and 2.0 (0.0-4.0). Percentage of gout patients with an MPR<0.8 was 55.1%. Insufficient education contributed to optimism in gout patients. Insufficient education, living in countryside, higher concentration of SUA and higher LOT-R score led to poor compliance to ULT.Conclusion. The optimism of gout patients is greater compared with AS and RA patients. The compliance to ULT is poor, which ascribes to optimism. Furthermore, the optimism of gout patients may attribute to insufficient education.
Association of Stromal Cell-derived Factor-1 With Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Lu Chunfeng , Ma Jianhua , Wang Xueqin , Liu Wangshu , Ge Xiaoqin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The present study was designed to explore whether serum stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) levels were associated with albuminuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and detect which clinical parameters might affect serum SDF-1 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Methods: Serum SDF-1 levels were measured by sandwich ELISA. Patients with an eGFR < 60ml/min/1.73m2 and/or a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥ 30mg/g who presented with diabetic retinopathy were identified as having DKD.Results: Serum SDF-1 levels in T2D patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (p < 0.05). Urinary albumin and UACR were positively correlated with serum SDF-1 levels (r = 0.216 and = 0.276, respectively, p < 0.01), and eGFR was inversely related with serum SDF-1 levels (r = -0.368, p < 0.001). Moreover, after adjusting for other clinical covariates by multiple linear regression analyses, the serum SDF-1 levels were independently associated with urinary albumin (β = 0.071, t = 2.185, p < 0.05), UACR (β = 0.071, t = 2.077, p < 0.05) and eGFR (β = -3.975, t = -3.375, p < 0.01). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the optimal SDF-1 cutoff value for predicting macroalbuminuria was 5.735 ng/mL (its corresponding sensitivity was 50.00% and specificity was 81.46%), for predicting abnormal albuminuria was 4.321 ng/mL (its corresponding sensitivity was 58.46% and specificity was 70.78%) and for predicting DKD was 3.505 ng/mL (its corresponding sensitivity was 83.33% and specificity was 42.86%).Conclusions: The serum SDF-1 levels were positively associated with urinary albumin, UACR and cystatin C, and negatively associated with eGFR, which indicate that SDF-1 may play a critical role in the onset and progression of DKD.
Quality of Life and Health Status of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease in Vietnam: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Truong Thanh Huong , Kim Ngoc Thanh , Nguyen Mai Ngoc Thi , Do Doan Loi , Nguyen Hong Thi , Le Thanh Tung , Le Hong An 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Little is known about the quality of life (QOL) and health status of adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the QOL and health status of adults with CHD and investigate the association between QOL and biological and social characteristics of these patients in Vietnam.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among 109 adults with CHD, hospitalised in the Vietnam National Heart Institute, between June 2019 and December 2019. Validated instruments to assess QOL and health status describing patient-reported outcomes were used, including the EuroQOL-5 Dimensions-5 Level, Satisfaction with Life Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The data of QOL and health status were analysed using univariable and multivariable logistic regressions.Results: The overall mean scores on the EuroQOL-descriptive system (EQ-DS) and the EuroQOL visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) were 79.2 (SD = 12.2, 95% confidence interval, CI: 76.9–81.5) and 66.3 (SD = 12.5, 95% CI: 63.9–68.7), respectively. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were common among adults with CHD (18.7%, n = 20 and 11%, n = 12; respectively). Stratified multivariate logistic regression revealed: poor QOL using the EQ-DS, and that anxiety related to suffering from a complex CHD or pulmonary artery hypertension (OR = 4.55; 95% CI: 1.26–16.4; p = 0.021 and OR = 4.19, 95% CI: 1.2–14.56; p = 0.024; respectively); poor QOL using the EQ-VAS and that anxiety and depression related to being unemployed or having an unstable employment (OR = 4.16, 95% CI: 1.64–10.56, p = 0.003; OR = 3.63, 95% CI: 1.23–10.72, p = 0.02 and OR = 7.68, 95% CI: 2.09–28.25, p = 0.002; respectively); and life dissatisfaction related to being unmarried (OR = 4.63; 95% CI: 1.2–17.86; p = 0.026).Conclusions: Adults with CHD in Vietnam experienced low QOL, and high levels of anxiety and depression. Poor QOL and psychological problems were related to being female, being unmarried, having low educational level, being unemployed or unstably employed, and having complex CHD or pulmonary artery hypertension.
Numerical Experiment Research on Failure Characteristics of Anchored Rock With Negative Poisson’s Ratio Bolt
Authors: Chen Feng , HE Man-chao , Yan-hong DU , Xiao-ming SUN , Tian-hui MA 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
With the continuous increase of mining depth and engineering burying depth, the nonlinear physical and mechanical phenomena exhibited by rock are also more complicated. The load value often exceeds the yield strength of the traditional Poisson's ratio supporting materials, causing the supporting body to fail. Therefore, the bolt still needs to further in-depth research on new materials. In this paper, the rock model with a negative Poisson’s ratio bolt had been established, the material properties of negative Poisson’s ratio and the working principle of RFPA software were introduced, and RFPA software was used to study the reinforcement effect of negative Poisson's ratio bolt on the rock. The numerical experiment results show that, compared with the positive Poisson's ratio bolt, the negative Poisson's ratio bolt can significantly increase the bearing capacity of anchored rock, enhance the friction between the bolt body and the surrounding rock, and limit the rock movement. The anchored rock with negative Poisson’s ratio bolt can absorb more energy. Negative Poisson's ratio material is one of the future development directions of bolt material.