bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Solvent Extraction of Rare Earth Metal Source Origin from Marine Sediment
Authors: Ahmat Farouq , Yunus Mohd Yusri Mohd , Ismail Nurul Ain 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Ocean mining probably one of the world’s largest untapped resources of rare earth elements. Specifically, the rare earth resources from polymetallic nodule which receive less attention from industry due to the various challenges. This article studied the simulation HDEHP-HCl system fractional cascade extraction strategy for extraction of rare earth elements from polymetallic nodule. HDEHP-HCl was capable of complete extract very high purity rare earth elements (99.9%). The fractional cascade extraction strategy simulation designed for the separation of rare earth elements could be momentous for practical application. The simulation data shows high purity of products at both outlets, aqueous and organic are obtainable. All these will provide the promising industrial applications of HDEHP-HCl system in extracting rare earth elements from polymetallic nodule with more fundamental data and guidance.
Economical cultivation system of microalgae Spirulina platensis for lipid production
Authors: Palanisamy K M , Paramasivam P , Jayakumar S , Maniam G P , Rahim M H A , Govindan N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The marine algae Spirulina platensis was cultured in a medium of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and the production of lipid in the biomass was optimized. Among 7 species Spirulina platensis was isolated from the marine sample which have greater lipid potential was collected from Pantai Teluk Cempedak, Kuantan which is located at East Coast region of Pahang state. At 28+2 °C, the maximum lipid content in the biomass harvested at the end of a 15 days batch culture was quantified with the following values of the experimental factors: POME concentration with (10%, 20% and 30%) (v/v) and light intensity (3,000 lux, 4,000 lux, 5,000 lux). Under the optimized conditions with 20% of POME, the maximum dry mass concentration of the was 754.5 mg L−1 with lipid 34.5% production on day 13 of a batch culture, declining to ∼687 mg L−1 on day 15. At 5,000 lux light intensities, the maximum yield obtained was 854.6 mg L−1 with lipid 35.8% production on day 14, it declined to 732.8 mg L−1 on day 15.
Low-Calcination Temperature to Synthesize A-Alumina From Aluminium Waste Can Using Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Omer Al Haiqi , Bin Mokaizh A A , Shariffuddin Jun Haslinda Binti Haji 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many countries around the world are facing issues in managing solid waste materials; most of these wastes such as aluminium can are deposited to the landfills, leading to environmental pollution. Recycling is considered as an effective technique to manage the aluminium can waste since it can provide benefits in terms of energy savings, reduce volumes of waste and cost-effectiveness. In this article, it was desired to turn the aluminium can waste into α-Alumina using sol-gel method. Alumina exists in many crystalline structures which degenerate to the most stable hexagonal α-phase at high temperatures. α-Alumina (a-Al2O3) is the most stable crystalline structure widely used and studied as electronic packaging, corrosion resistance ceramics, high-temperature structural material, and translucent ceramics. FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, TGA, and BET were employed to investigate the properties of a-alumina. The experimental results obtained from this study demonstrates the possibility of producing alumina from an aluminium can waste with the exact surface area of 5.2105 m2/g, crystallite size at 132.50 nm and total weight loss of 2.71% at 900 °C calcination temperature.
Water Quality Monitoring and Evaluation in the Bengawan Solo River Region
Authors: Sri Wahyu Kusumastuti A , Moh Bisri B , Solichin C , Tri Budi P D 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Bengawan Solo River Region with an area of 19,778 km2 consists of 96 watersheds with four main watersheds, namely the Bengawan Solo watershed with an area of 15,295.69 km2, which has a main river, the Bengawan Solo River which flows from Wonogiri to the downstream area on the north coast of Gresik Regency, Grindulu Lorog Watershed with 1,040,656 km2 area, Corong watershed with an area of 815,081 km2, and Lamong watershed with an area of 760,292 km2. Bengawan Solo River crosses various areas both natural and cultivated areas including forests, rice fields, to settlements and industries, causing changes in water quality from upstream to downstream. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of pollution in the Bengawan Solo River Region from upstream to downstream. This research method is to analyze the parameters of the results of testing water quality samples at several points with the Pollution Index method for second grade water quality then spatially analyzed. The results showed that of the 29 monitoring points of river water quality in the Bengawan Solo River Region, 17% were heavily polluted, 59% were moderately polluted, 24% were light polluted, and 0% were meeting quality standards. Therefore, efforts are needed to manage the river based on its water quality by maintaining the capacity of the river against pollution loads that can be received by water bodies.
Research on Value Perception Models and Strategies of Electric Power Users
Authors: Li Pingwen , Yin Shuo , Yang Meng , Guo Xingwu , Jin Man , Yan Jing , Zhang Na 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Energy management business is to provide a “management nature” business for the user’s energy use process, focusing on the management of the user’s energy system, improving the efficiency of energy use, and reducing the user’s energy cost. The key factor that affects the transformation of consumer psychology into consumer behaviour is the value of electricity value-added services. This article constructs a quantitative model for the perceived value of energy management business, which is based on the definition of user value perception and value-added service value perception function, so as to serve electricity sales companies to develop integrated energy business.
Failure Analysis of Metal Oxide Surge Arrester on Busbar of 220kV Substation
Authors: Zhang Dewen , Huang Hai , Zhao Xiangyu , Shang Fang , Zhu Linlin , Hu Xiaoxu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
MOA (Metal Oxide Arrester) is widely used in power systems because of its good nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics and current-carrying capacity. Its long-term operation may have defects such as heat generation and reduced insulation performance. This paper analyzes a 220kV substation bus lightning arrester, collects fault recording information, points out the cause of the fault and puts forward corresponding preventive measures.
Facile electrodeposited MnO2 as cathode materials for Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Siwei , Wang Pei , Song Ming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
MnO2 prepared through facile electrochemical-deposition method at different deposition time on Ni foam substrates are used as cathode materials for Zn-ion batteries. The results show that the electrode using the condition of deposition current of 80 mA for 10 min has the best overall electrochemical performances. The specific capacity measured by the electrode position of the MnO2 electrode for 5 min is the highest, but the cycle performance of the sample is poor. The specific capacity measured by electrode position of the MnO2 electrode sample for 20 min is the lowest, but the cycle performance of the sample is the best.
A software and hardware design of intelligent measurement and control terminal of distribution network based on a communication adaptive approach
Authors: Ding Yujie , Xiao Xiaobing , Tian Hao , Liu Chang , Ouyang Guangze , Zhang Ruifeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the development of science and technology, the hardware and software design of transformer intelligent measurement and control terminal is very important. Based on the hardware and software appization of internet of things, the design scheme of hardware and software structure is given. Supported by high-performance operating system, the terminal device can be upgraded flexibly through APP application software. The intelligent terminal pair can realize full data collection, full control and full fusion, and real-time exchange of key operation data with the power distribution master station. The intelligent terminal can support 5G communication and realize full compatibility of communication conditions downward.
Power Bidirectional Flow Converter Based on Linear Phase Shift Transformer
Authors: Wu Mei , Zhao Jinghong , Yuan Zhifang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article points out that the bidirectional power converter based on a linear phase-shifting transformer can be modularized, designed to improve equipment utilization. The analysis of the working status of the bidirectional power flow converter under inverter and rectifier conditions is introduced. The working conditions of the converter in the inverter and rectification state are simulated, and the output voltage and harmonics are analysed. The simulation results show that the system can meet the output index requirements under both inverter and rectification conditions, can be modularized, can reduce the number of components used in the device, and provide strong support for the optimization of subsequent prototypes.
Analysis on burning failure of main transformer in 220kV substation
Authors: Zhang Dewen , Lin Xianfeng , Su Geng , Liu Yang , Li Zhibin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Neutral point ungrounded three-phase system is widely used in 10kV and 35kV low-voltage systems because of its higher power supply reliability. When the single-phase grounding short-circuit fault occurs in the system, the other two phases can continue to operate for a period of time to ensure the reliability of power supply. However, when the system operates under single-phase grounding fault, arc grounding overvoltage is easy to occur, which may damage electrical equipment or develop into phase-to-phase short circuit. This paper analyses a burning accident of main transformer caused by arc grounding overvoltage in 220kV substation, obtains fault recording information, points out fault causes and puts forward corresponding preventive measures.
Causes and treatments of foaming and overflow of calcium-based wet desulphurization slurry
Authors: Shao Yuan , Li Hong , Xue Fang Ming , Zhang Yulong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
During the operation of the calcium-based wet desulfurization system, slurry foaming and overflow are prone to occur, which is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the desulfurization system. In order to solve the problem of slurry foaming, the main properties of the slurry were tested by taking the wet flue gas desulfurization device of a sintering machine of a steel company as an example. The foaming ability of the liquid is characterized by its foaming height and defoaming time, and the influence of surface active substances, particles and metal ions in the slurry on its foaming ability has been studied through multiple experiments. Combining the foaming mechanism and the desulfurization process, the cause of the slurry foaming is analyzed, and measures are given to prevent and treat the slurry foaming overflow to ensure the normal operation of the absorption tower.
Experimental study on load capacity of thermal generator unit in heating season
Authors: Lao Jinxu , Zheng Wei , Guo Junshan , Shang Panfeng , Zhang Yanpeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the development of renewable energy and the rapid growth of thermal load, due to the influence of the mode of “determining power by heat”, the power grid dispatching in heating season can not accurately adjust the unit load, and the peak load regulation capacity of power grid is limited. Through the load capacity test of cogeneration units in heating season, the adjustment range and limiting factors of different types of units are obtained, which can be used as reference for power generation enterprises and power grid dispatching operation.
Synthesis, Characterization of Two Novel Diphenylpyranylidene Molecules and their Application in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Fan Hongzhi , Zhang Xiaoying , Bolag Altan , Yun Wu , Bao Tana , Ning Jun , Alata Hexig , Ojiyed Tegus 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Two novel D-A and A-D-A structural small molecule based on diphenyl pyran donor and dicyanovinylene acceptor unit have been designed, prepared, and studied for the application of organic solar cells. The UV-vis absorption spectra showed that D-A structural molecule has more extended light-harvesting ability than the A-D-A molecule and can complement with P3HT in the wavelength of 300-500 nm and 600-800 nm.
Effect of Temperature on Tribological Properties of Tial Based Self-Lubricating Composites
Authors: Sun Zheng , Yang Liying , Wang Shouren 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A kind of TiAl based alloy with high temperature self-lubricating property was prepared by vacuum hot pressing sintering technology, and its mechanical and physical properties were tested. The friction and wear experiments were carried out at different temperatures, and the high-temperature tribological properties of the new TiAl based alloy were studied. The results show that the new TiAl based self-lubricating material with TiC, TiB2 and CaF2 can effectively improve the mechanical and physical properties of the matrix, and make it have good mechanical and physical properties as well as good tribological properties above 500 °C.
Design of An Integrated Solar Panel Monitoring and Cleaning System Based on Pixy Cmucam5
Authors: Zhu Yuxi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In recent years solar power has become the main source of clean energy in China. At the same time, the country has also introduced relevant policies to support it, and against this background, the solar photovoltaic industry has also flourished. However, solar photovoltaic power generation still has many problems, such as the huge amount of light energy and water loss caused by contamination of the solar panel surface and the high labour costs of dealing with the contamination, so it is necessary to carry out research on solar panel crack detection and cleaning.
High-Efficiency Ship Propeller Based on Electric Direct Drive Without Shaft Rim
Authors: Yang Yefan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The ship propeller is a key component of a ship, a device for energy conversion, and a device for converting the energy emitted by the main engine into ship power. The most popular types of shaft-driven propellers derived from propeller propellers are currently on the market, including ducted propellers, pod propellers, and flat-rotating propellers. This type of propeller has many disadvantages of the shaft-driven propeller (system). These shortcomings have caused most of the existing small and medium-sized ships to have problems such as low transportation efficiency, high operation and maintenance costs, noise pollution, and lubricant leakage pollution. Therefore, the shaftless rim electric direct drive has gradually become an important development direction in the field of high-end marine propulsion equipment.
Research on Security Protection Strategy for Intelligent power terminals
Authors: Xu Bin , Zhai Feng , Wang Nan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the context of Smart Grid 2.0, intelligent power terminals are an important part of the smart grid, but their weak security protection can easily become the main target and springboard for criminals to attack the grid. Therefore, ensuring the security of intelligent power terminals is the key to protect the security of smart grids. In this context, this paper through the analysis of intelligent power terminal security threats, proposes a three-layer intelligent power terminal protection framework including “physical layer”, “operating system layer” and “communication layer”, and thus proposed a security protection strategy for intelligent power terminal devices, which aims to comprehensively improve the security of power system comprehensively.
Research and analysis of constrained generalized predictive identification algorithm based on the control field of hydropower industry
Authors: Gou Xiaoping , Zhang Wan Jun , Zhang Feng , Zhang Jingxuan , Zhang Jingyi , Zhang Jingyan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
For GPC with constraints, these shortcomings are made up on the basis of nonlinear programming algorithm. Because of the strong local search ability of nonlinear programming and the strong global search ability of the algorithm, combined with the advantages of the algorithm and introduced into the rolling optimization process of GPC, the optimal control law is obtained. In this paper, a constrained generalized predictive identification algorithm based on the control field of hydropower industry is proposed, and a model of the constrained generalized predictive identification algorithm based on the control field of hydropower industry is established. The simulation results verify the applicability and effectiveness of the combined algorithm in the study of GPC, improve the accuracy and speed of the optimization results, and obtain satisfactory control effect.
Research status of the external insulation pollution flashover of high voltage transmission line
Authors: Guo Kai , Jiang Bo , Liu Bingrui , Kong Kang , Wu Yaping , Tian Shuang , Gao Zhiyue , Zong Lijun , Yao Shuo , Zhao Mingzhe , Mi Chunxu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In recent years, China’s electric power industry has made great progress, especially the achievements of ultra high voltage and ultra high voltage power transmission and transformation technology have attracted worldwide attention. At present, China has put into operation power transmission projects such as ±660kV yin-East DC extra-high voltage, ±800kV upward, Yunnan-Guangzhou DC extra-high voltage and 1000kV Dongnan Jindong-Jingmen AC extra-high voltage. These long-distance and large-capacity power transmission projects provide strong technical support for the realization of the national strategic goal of “west power transmission to the east and North power transmission to the south”.With the rapid industrialization and environmental deterioration, various industrial and natural pollutions deposited on the insulators of high-voltage transmission lines are becoming increasingly serious. In severe weather, such as fog, dew, drizzle and snowmelt, the external insulation strength will be greatly reduced. Therefore, it is very important and necessary to thoroughly study the pollution flasking of uHV and UHV insulators and comprehensively consider the influence of China’s complex geographical environment on their external insulation characteristics, which is one of the key issues related to the safe and stable operation of power grid.
Study on the progress of piezoelectric microcantilever beam micromass sensor
Authors: Guo Kai , Jiang Bo , Liu Bingrui , Li Xingeng , Wu Yaping , Tian Shuang , Gao Zhiyue , Zong Lijun , Yao Shuo , Zhao Mingzhe , Mi Chunxu , Zhu Gengzeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A variety of excitation modes and signal readout modes of the microcantilever beam are all derived from the deformation characteristics of the cantilever beam, while in the detection of environmental pollutants, deformation of non-quality factors such as environmental vibration, wind, rain and snow will inevitably occur. If we only start from the deformation quantity, the consistency between the obtained results and the actual fouling micro-mass value is more prominent. Therefore, the structure, size, working mode and material properties of the microcantilever beam should be fully considered in simulation and design. The resonant frequency of the microcantilever beam must be large enough to prevent external vibration interference measurement and improve the SNR.
Effect of Graphene Addition on Microstructure and Properties of Graphene/Copper Composite
Authors: Gu Ye , Hu Linli 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Graphene/copper composites were prepared by wet milling and hot-press sintering process. The effect of graphene addition (0.2, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5wt.%) on the microstructure and properties of graphene/copper composites were investigated. The results reveal that graphene (addition of 0.2 and 0.6wt.%) was uniformly distributed in Cu matrix and plays a role in refining grain and enhance the properties. For the 0.6wt.% graphene/copper composite, the relative density, hardness and tensile strength reached largest (respectively 99.4%, 78.5HV and 290.47MPa), its electrical conductivity decreased slightly to 97.5% IACS. While addition reached/beyond 1.0wt.%, graphene agglomerated, the relative density, electrical conductivity and hardness decreased.
Quantitative analysis of the influence of pore structure parameters on remaining oil after polymer flooding based on digital network model
Authors: Xia Huifen , Zhang Siqi , Wang Lihui , Jiang Lili , Yang Tingyuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There is still a large amount of remaining oil in formation after polymer flooding. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify the factors affecting the distribution of remaining oil to further improve the oil recovery. By constructing a digital pore network model, this paper considers pore structure factors and simulatetes oil displacement efficiency after water flooding and polymer flooding. It simultaneously analyzes their influence of pore structure parameters on remaining oil and quantitatively characterizes the coordination number, shape factor, pore-throat ratio affected on pore-throat oil content ratio and oil saturation ratio. Evaluate the influence of the above factors on the remaining oil distribution after polymer flooding. The research results show that: the more coordination number, the larger the shape factor. However, other structural parameters, such as pore-throat ratio, the number of pore-throat oil content, the pore-throat oil saturation ratio and the probability of forming remaining oil, is smaller at the same time.
Analysis on the Causes of the third party destruction of City Gas Pipelines and Research on Countermeasures
Authors: Han Yiliang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
While the universal application and rapid development of natural gas have improved people’s living standards, it has also improved the traditional energy structure and contributed to environmental protection. However, with the increasing speed and scale of urban gas engineering construction, the safety maintenance and prevention of gas pipelines that follow are particularly important for gas companies. In particular, the third-party construction unit does not pay enough attention to the gas pipeline network, and it is easy to cause damage to the pipeline network during construction and cause gas pipeline leakage accidents. This paper uses big data technology to find the key elements of third-party construction and construction damage risks in massive data, builds a high-prone construction area model and construction damage risk model, provides countermeasures against damage risks, and improves the effectiveness and prevention of external damage risks. Targeted, reduce the frequency and extent of damage to gas pipelines and facilities, and ensure the safe operation of the gas pipeline network.