bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic model predictive control of Li‐ion battery cyclic aging via online rainflow‐analysis
Authors: Loew Stefan , Anand Abhinav , Szabo Andrei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCycle identification via the rainflow‐algorithm is implemented online in a model predictive controller (MPC) for Li‐ion batteries. This is achieved by externalization of the cycle identification from the optimization problem. The limitation for cyclic aging estimation due to short prediction horizons is overcome by updating and utilizing a State of Charge memory. Furthermore, a comprehensive plant model for Li‐ion batteries is presented with novel submodels for calendric and cyclic aging. The novel MPC is implemented in the ACADO Toolkit and tested with the aforementioned plant model. Simulation results indicate that—even without tuning—the novel MPC clearly outperforms a rule‐based controller and an extensively tuned MPC from literature.
We, too, are academia: Demanding a seat at the table
Authors: Laster Pirtle Whitney N. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis personal, reflexive, ethnographic essay is written in the tradition of Black feminist anthropological and sociological women thinkers who call‐to‐the‐table1 educational systems and academic disciplines to name experiences and harms, center marginalized voices, and offer visions for transformation. I share two tales about having, or not, a seat at the table in the figurative and literal sense. I incorporate Langston Hughes's poem, I, Too, an exposé about the irony of Black erasure in the America, to emphasize my statement about Black women's (in)visibility in academia.2 Throughout my essay, I offer endnotes to substantiate claims about Black women's rightful, yet oftentimes undervalued and sometimes abused, place in academia.3 I argue that we must demand a seat at academia's decision‐making tables until a transformed space is actualized—because we, too, are academia.
Effects of solvent—solvent fractionation on the total terpenoid content and in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity of Serevenia buxifolia bark extract
Authors: Truong Dieu‐Hien , Ta Nhat Thuy Anh , Pham Thanh Vy , Huynh Tan Dat , Do Quoc Truong Giang , Dinh Nguyen Chau Giang , Dang Cong Danh , Nguyen Thi Kim Chi , Bui Anh Vo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSeverinia buxifolia (Rutaceae) is often used as a traditional medical plant. The present study was carried out to estimate the effects of solvents (petroleum ether and hexane: ethyl acetate) used in liquid–liquid extraction to total terpenoid content (TTC) and in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity of the extracts obtained from S. buxifolia bark. The results showed that solvent fractionation increased the TTC compared with crude extracts. The hexane: ethyl acetate bark extract fraction (HEF) had the highest TTC (731.48 µg/ml) in comparison with the petroleum ether bark extract fraction (PEF) (564.81 µg/ml) and the crude extract (CE) (184.26 µg/ml). In addition, one of composition of terpenoid of S. buxifolia, namely ursolic acid, was determined by HPLC method from the crude CE and the fractions PEF and HEF: 2.44 μg/g DW, 3.56 μg/g DW and 5.04 μg/g DW, respectively. The samples had an in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity comparable with that of two reference standards (aspirin and indomethacin). Particularly, the HEF fraction had the highest in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity (i.e., albumin denaturation: IC50 = 147.91 μg/mL, heat‐induced hemolysis: IC50 = 159.91 μg/mL, proteinase inhibition: IC50 = 117.72 μg/mL, and lipoxygenase activity: IC50 = 90.45 μg/mL). Besides, the preliminary experiments of this study were conducted to determine the influences of maceration factors (solvent type, temperature, and time) for S. buxifolia bark extract. The TTC ranged from 453.70 to 842.59 mg linalool/g DW, and the extraction yield from 2.40% to 5.120% in all extracts. Based on TTC and EY, the hexane: acetone mixture is recommended as the optimal solvent to obtain the crude bark extract (CE) at 46°C for 24 hr of maceration. Extracts of S. buxifolia bark are a promising source for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Prices and market power in mental health care: Evidence from a major policy change in the Netherlands
Authors: Brouns Chiara , Douven Rudy , Kemp Ron 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the Dutch health care system of managed competition, insurers and mental health providers negotiate on prices for mental health services. Contract prices are capped by a regulator who sets a maximum price for each mental health service. In 2013, the majority of the contract prices equaled these maximum prices. We study price setting after a major policy change in 2014. In 2014, mental health care providers had to negotiate prices with each individual health insurer separately, instead of with all insurers collectively as in 2013. Moreover, after a cost‐price revision, the regulator increased in 2014 maximum prices by about 10%. Insurers and mental health providers reacted to this policy change by setting most contract prices below the new maximum prices. We find that in 2014 mental health providers with more market power, that is, a higher willingness‐to‐pay measure, contracted significantly higher prices. Some insurers negotiated significantly lower prices than other insurers but these differences are unrelated to an insurers' market share.
Numerical investigation on latent heat thermal energy storage in a phase change material using a heat exchanger
Authors: Ghosh Debasree , Kumar Prasoon , Sharma Siddha , Guha Chandan , Ghose Joyjeet 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe use of a heat exchanger using phase change material (PCM) is an example of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES). In this study, the charging of PCM (RT50) is studied in a double pipe heat exchanger. The designing of the heat exchanger needs to be optimized for operating and boundary conditions to store latent heat efficiently. The size of the equipment and the amount of PCM are also important to calculate the latent heat storage capacity of the LHTES device. In this study, the amount of PCM taken is quite high to avoid sensible heat transfer and to maximize the heat content of PCM. The charging process of PCM is numerically simulated using an enthalpy‐porosity model. The study includes the effect of inlet temperature and flow rate of high‐temperature‐fluid (HTF) and concludes that both play an important role in determining the charging time. The continuous increase in inlet temperature of HTF can decrease the charging time of PCM in the heat exchanger. However, the continuous increase in the HTF flow rate cannot show the same effect. The charging time can only be minimized with a specified flow rate regime for a specific inlet temperature of HTF. These factors consequently affect the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
Unsteady 3D mixed convection flow of a chemically reactive Oldroyd‐B nanofluid configured by a periodically accelerated surface
Authors: Aziz Samaira , Ahmad Iftikhar , Ali Nasir , Khan Sami Ullah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFundamental developments in nanotechnology have attracted the attention of scientists towards the interaction of nanoparticles due to their fascinating applications in thermal engineering and solar energy systems. Convinced by such motivating applications, the current research project addresses the utilization of nanoparticles in the unsteady three‐dimensional chemically reactive flow of an Oldroyd‐B fluid induced by a bidirectional oscillatory stretching surface. The effects of mixed convection are also considered here. The prime features of the nanofluid namely thermophoresis and Brownian motion characteristics are explored by introducing the famous Buongiorno's nanofluid model. The relevant equations for the formulated theoretical model have been reduced by the appropriate transformations for which the analytic solution is deliberated via the homotopic technique. Later on, a complete graphical analysis for distinct flow parameters is deliberated for dimensionless velocities, concentration, and temperature distributions with the relevant physical implications. Moreover, stimulating physical quantities like local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are numerically calculated and discussed. The study emphasizes that decreasing variation in both components of velocities has been reported with an increment of relaxation time, while the impact of the retardation time constant is quite opposite. It is further claimed that the velocity distribution has an increasing tendency in the horizontal direction for a higher buoyancy ratio and mixed convection parameters. Moreover, an increment in thermophoresis parameter enhances both temperature and concentration distributions.
Operation strategies of axial flow fans in a direct dry cooling system under various meteorological conditions
Authors: Huang Wenhui , Chen Lei , Yang Lijun , Du Xiaoze 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFor a direct dry cooling system, the turbine back pressure fluctuates with the meteorological conditions. Moreover, the operation of axial flow fans plays an important role in the cooling performance of air‐cooled condensers (ACC). It is of significant use to study the operation strategies of axial flow fans under various ambient conditions. Based on typical 2 × 660 MW direct dry cooling power generating units, the ACC model coupled with the turbine thermodynamic characteristics is developed, by which the thermo‐flow performances of the ACC are predicted in the dominant wind direction, and then the standard coal consumption is calculated. The results show that the increased ambient temperature and wind speed, or the reduced fan rotational speed leads to the high turbine back pressure. At the low ambient temperature and wind speed, the standard coal consumption rate of the unit can be reduced by reducing the speed of axial flow fans appropriately, with the maximum drop in coal consumption rate reached 0.734 g/(kWh) when the ambient temperature is 10°C without wind. If the wind speed exceeds 12 m/s or the ambient temperature reaches 25°C, 110% of the rated fan rotational speed is recommended.
Emerging and advanced economies markets behaviour during the COVID‐19 crisis era
Authors: Belaid Fateh , Ben Amar Amine , Goutte Stéphane , Guesmi Khaled 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article examines the consequences of the COVID‐19 crisis on the interdependencies between emerging and advanced economies. Using daily market index data from 22 developed and emerging markets, we develop a combination of statistical methods based on Diebold and Yilmaz spillover index and Toda–Yamamoto and Dolado and Lütkepohl causality approach. The results substantiate an increase in the interdependence between emerging and advances economies, which suggests an increase in the transmission of the stress and uncertainty between financial markets during the pandemic period. Our findings show that the emerging countries are affected by the financial markets of advanced economies during the COVID‐19 crisis and, in particular, by European markets, which appear to be the primary driver of contagion and transmission of stress and uncertainty to all other regional markets.
Ferutinin: A phytoestrogen from ferula and its anticancer, antioxidant, and toxicity properties
Authors: Naji Reyhani Garmroudi Shahrzad , Karimi Ehsan , Oskoueian Ehsan , Homayouni‐Tabrizi Masoud , Iranshahi Mehrdad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study was performed to evaluate the antioxidant, anticancer, and toxicity properties of ferutinin, a phytoestrogen derived from Ferula species. The human Michigan Cancer Foundation‐7 (MCF‐7) breast cancer cell line and normal human fibroblast (HDF) were cultured and treated with different ferutinin concentrations. The cell viability was evaluated by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cell death‐defining tests (a comparative real‐time polymerase chain reaction [for Bax and Bcl‐2 genes], flow cytometry, and acridine orange/propidium iodide cell staining). Moreover, 15 white male balb/c mice were divided into three groups of five (one untreated control group and two groups), which received different doses of ferutinin‐supplemented water (500 and 1000 µg/kg mice weight) to check the mice liver and kidney pathomorphological alterations and to determine the antioxidant enzymes' expression profile (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and glutathione peroxidase) in the mentioned tissues. Finally, the liver lipid peroxidation of mice was analyzed. The results of MTT and cell death‐defining tests indicate the significant reduction in cell viability and induction of apoptotic death in MCF‐7 cells (enhanced sub‐G1 peaks, Bax overexpression, Bcl‐2 downregulation, and increased apoptotic cells). The antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) in the mice liver and kidney cells were found to be upregulated (p < .05) in response to the increasing doses of ferutinin. Besides, the lipid peroxidation of the liver tissue of mice was significantly reduced. According to the results, we suggest that ferutinin has the potential to be served as a selective anticancer compound for breast cancer treatment.
Synthesis, molecular docking, antibacterial, and anti‐inflammatory activities of benzimidazole‐containing tricyclic systems
Authors: Kamat Vinuta , Yallur Basappa C. , Poojary Boja , Patil Veerabhadragouda B. , Nayak Suresh P. , Krishna Panchangam Murali , Joshi Shrinivas D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the present study, we reported the synthesis of benzimidazole‐containing tricyclic systems and evaluated their antimicrobial efficacy against some Gram‐positive, Gram‐negative strains, and their anti‐inflammatory activity as well as a hemolytic assay in terms of percentage. The antimicrobial study of the synthesized compounds revealed that most of them showed significant activity, and compound 5b displayed excellent antimicrobial efficacy among all. Results showed that the hydroxyl group at the fourth position on the aromatic ring has a substantial role in the biological activity. Synthesized compounds showed promising minimum inhibitory concentration (μg/mL) values in the range of 1.2–12.8 μg/mL against the tested strains. The in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated by denaturation of bovine serum albumin method and showed the inhibition in the range of IC50 value 31.16–94.63 μg/mL. Among all the tested compounds, compound 5b has a significant IC50 value. The percentage of hemolysis of the target compounds ranged from 1.14 to 52.8 at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Molecular docking study revealed the good binding interactions against Escherichia coli, and it is best suited with in vitro studies. Pharmacokinetic studies showed the safe profiles for the title compounds.
Pharmacological modulation of dual melanocortin‐4 receptor signaling by melanocortin receptor accessory proteins in the Xenopus laevis
Authors: Li Lei , Xu Ying , Zheng Jihong , Kuang Zhe , Zhang Cong , Li Na , Lin Gufa , Zhang Chao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPhysiological modulation of melanocortin‐4 receptor (MC4R) signaling by MRAP2 proteins plays an indispensable role in appetite control and energy homeostasis in the central nervous system. Great interspecies differences of the interaction and regulation of melanocortin receptors by MRAP protein family have been reported in several diploid vertebrates but never been investigated in the tetrapod amphibian Xenopus laevis. Here, we performed phylogenetic and synteny‐based analyses to explore the evolutionary aspects of dual copies of X. laevis MC4R (xlMC4R) and MRAP2 (xlMRAP2) proteins. Our data showed that xlMRAPs directly interacted with xlMC4Rs on the cell surface as a functional antiparallel dimeric topology and pharmacological studies suggested a homology specific regulatory pattern of the melanocortin system in X. laevis.
Reference values for pulsatility index of fetal anterior and posterior cerebral arteries in prolonged pregnancy
Authors: Rosati Paolo , Buongiorno Silvia , Salvi Silvia , Lanzone Antonio , Familiari Alessandra 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo establish consistent normal reference values for fetal anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and posterior cerebral artery (PCA) pulsatility index (PI) in prolonged pregnancy.MethodsThis prospective cross‐sectional observational study included singleton normal prolonged pregnancies into two study groups according to the gestational age: from 40 + 0 to 40 + 6 and from 41 + 0 to 41 + 6 weeks. The PI was assessed in both anatomical segments of ACA (ACA‐S1 and ACA‐S2) and of PCA (PCA‐S1 and PCA‐S2) with color Doppler imaging and pulsed Doppler examination, and reference centiles charts were generated. PI values from the two investigated segments of each vessel were also compared.ResultsData were obtained in 771 patients: n = 448 in the 40 + 0 and 40 + 6 weeks group, and n = 323 in the 41 + 0 and 41 + 6 weeks group. A moderate decrease in PI was observed as pregnancy progressed. No differences in PI values were found between the two anatomical segments of ACA and PCA.ConclusionThis study provides Doppler reference values for the fetal ACA and PCA PI. It also shows that Doppler examination could be performed indifferently in one of the two anatomical segments of these arteries.
Effects of proanthocyanidins on the pasting, rheological and retrogradation properties of potato starch
Authors: Gao Lizhi , Zhang Chenghao , Chen Jun , Liu Chengmei , Dai Taotao , Chen Mingshun , Li Ti 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDProanthocyanidins (PAS) were complexed with potato starch (PS) to prepare polyphenol–starch complexes. The pasting, rheological and retrogradation properties of the complexes were investigated.RESULTSThe addition of PAS markedly affected the pasting, rheological and retrogradation properties of PS, especially at a concentration of 5% (w/w). Rapid viscosity analysis indicated that PAS significantly changed the viscosity, breakdown and setback value of PS. The rheological results showed that PAS decreased the flow behavior index and consistency coefficient, but increased the viscoelasticity of PS. Differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction indicated that PAS delayed the retrogradation of PS. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy indicated that the morphologies of retrograded PS gels were greatly altered to a less compact structure with the presence of PAS. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy elucidated that PAS interacted with PS via a noncovalent interaction, and inhibited the retrogradation of PS.CONCLUSIONSThe findings suggested that supplementing PS with PAS might be an effective and convenient method for modifying the physicochemical properties of PS. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Hypoglycemic effect of low‐sugar juice derived from Hovenia dulcis on type 1 diabetes mellitus rats
Authors: Yang Bing , Wei Xunyu , Luo Yuxin , Kan Jianquan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDFruit juice is usually rich in monosaccharides and disaccharides. A reverse osmosis separation machine was used to remove monosaccharides and disaccharides from Hovenia dulcis fruit juice, leaving behind most of the bioactive substances in a low‐sugar fruit juice (LSFJ), so as to provide a more effective treatment for diabetic patients.METHODThis study was carried out with type 1 diabetes mellitus model induced with high dose of streptozotocin (60 mg kg−1), and oral administration of LSFJ for 4 weeks.RESULTSLSFJ treatment led to significant gain in body weight and increased serum insulin level, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 level, blood urea nitrogen level, creatinine level, and hepatic glycogen level. Meanwhile, fasting blood glucose, fructosamine level, and glucose tolerance were also observably enhanced. Additional, LSFJ treatment significantly improved lipid metabolism, islet quality, and islet oxidative stress. The messenger RNA levels of glucose metabolism genes in the pancreas of diabetic rats decreased in the diabetes model group, whereas messenger RNA expression of these genes was significantly increased with LSFJ treatment.CONCLUSIONThese findings indicate that LSFJ can improve symptoms associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The research also suggests new strategies for diabetes prevention and treatment. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of the fatty acid profile on the volatile components of virgin olive oil subjected to thermal stress
Authors: Tomé‐Rodríguez Sonia , Ledesma‐Escobar Carlos A , Penco‐Valenzuela José M , Priego‐Capote Feliciano 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDVirgin olive oil (VOO) is greatly appreciated for its organoleptic features, which can be ascribed mainly to the presence of very chemically diverse volatile components. It is well known that the VOO volatile fraction depends strongly on different aspects, which encompass genetic, agronomic, processing, and post‐processing factors. In this research, we developed a method for the qualitative and semiquantitative determination of volatile components in VOOs subjected to thermal stress by headspace extraction online coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS–GC–MS).RESULTSThe method was applied to 100 extra‐virgin olive oil (EVOO) samples, which led to the tentative identification of 52 volatile components, including 12 alcohols, 17 aldehydes, three ketones, one ether, two furans, two carboxylic acids, and 15 hydrocarbons. The method was used to study the cultivar effect and the main biochemical pathways involved in the synthesis of volatile compounds, with special emphasis on those formed by degradation of unsaturated fatty acids (FAs). Principal component analysis (PCA), explaining 76.7% of the total variability, showed that the volatile profile of EVOOs subjected to thermal stress allowed discriminating samples from different cultivars.CONCLUSIONVolatiles detected in EVOOs subjected to thermal stress with the highest contribution to discrimination between the selected cultivars were correlated with the concentration of the three main FAs in VOO, namely oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. The FA profile seems to be especially relevant to explain the concentration of certain volatile compounds with direct incidence on the organoleptic properties. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Curcumin regulates EZH2/Wnt/β‐Catenin pathway in the mandible and femur of ovariectomized osteoporosis rats
Authors: Jiang Qi , Lei Yong‐Hua , Krishnadath Dewi Chrystal , Zhu Bing‐Yu , Zhou Xiong‐Wen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP) behaves in different manners in different parts of the skeleton. This study aims to investigate the effects of curcumin on bone mass of the mandibular and femur from ovariectomized OP rats and to validate whether enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)/Wnt/β‐Catenin pathway is involved in this process. Curcumin was administered intragastrically into ovariectomized rats for 12 weeks. The bone parameters and the morphology of the trabecular bone of the left mandible and left femur were assessed by micro‐computed tomography assay. Morphological changes of the left mandible and left femur were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The mRNA levels of EZH2, β‐Catenin, and Runx2 in the right mandible and right femur were examined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess EZH2 expression. Both the mandible and femur exhibited OP‐like changes in ovariectomized rats, while the mandible bone resorption was less than the femur bone resorption. Curcumin intragastric administration improved bone microstructure and promoted bone formation in the mandible and femur. Curcumin inhibited EZH2 mRNA level and induced that of β‐Catenin and Runx2 in the mandible and femur. Collectively, curcumin exerts protective effects against OP, possibly by regulating the EZH2/Wnt/β‐Catenin pathway.