bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of toothache in Chinese adults aged 65 years and above
Authors: Wan Shiyu , Tao Liyuan , Liu Min , Liu Jue 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of toothache and its risk indicators in the older Chinese population.MethodsNational cross‐sectional survey data on 25 048 Chinese people ≥65 years in 2011, 2014 and 2018 survey year were analysed and then pooled. Chi‐square test was used to examine the differences in prevalence among specific subgroups. Multivariate modified Poisson regression analyses with robust error variances were used to detect related factors and prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated.ResultsThe prevalence of toothache was 16.3% (95% CI: 15.5%‐17.1%), 12.8% (95% CI: 12.0%‐13.7%) and 16.0% (95% CI: 15.3%‐16.7%) in years 2011, 2014 and 2018. In the pooled multivariate Poisson regression model, factors associated with toothache were female (PR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.18‐1.37), younger age (PR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.63‐2.09), currently married and living with spouse (PR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01‐1.15), current living in urban area (PR:1.12, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.20), enough financial support (PR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.65‐0.74), having chronic disease (PR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.35, 1.57), higher sugar intake (PR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.17), salty flavour (PR:1.15, 95% CI: 1.07‐1.23), smoking (PR: 1.14, 95% CI:1.06‐1.23) or drinking (PR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09‐1.25), with denture (PR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.08‐1.22) and higher toothbrushing frequency (PR: 1.25‐1.50).ConclusionsMore than one in ten older Chinese population had toothache, and it was related to age, gender, socioeconomic status, behaviour and oral health status. Lifestyle interventions should be taken to avoid the occurrence of the toothache.
Temporomandibular disorder subtypes, emotional distress, impaired sleep, and oral health‐related quality of life in Asian patients
Authors: Lei Jie , Yap Adrian Ujin , Zhang Minjuan , Fu Kai‐Yuan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study determined the differences in emotional states, sleep and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) between patients with pain‐related and intra‐articular Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), and associated emotional symptoms with sleep and OHRQoL.MethodsParticipants were recruited from a tertiary TMDs referral centre. The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales‐21 (DASS‐21), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Oral Health Impact Profile‐TMDs (OHIP‐TMDs) were used to assess emotional states, sleep and Oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL), respectively. TMD‐related and sociodemographic data were also gathered. Patients were divided into pain‐related (PT), intra‐articular (IT) and combined TMDs (CT) groups based on the Diagnostic Criteria for TMDs. Data were analysed using one‐way ANOVA, Chi‐square test, Pearson's correlation and logistic regression analysis with the significance level set at P < .05.ResultsData from 1079 participants with a mean age of 29.6 ± 14.2 years were appraised (93.3% response rate). The severity/prevalence of emotional distress, impaired sleep and OHRQoL of the PT/CT groups were higher than the IT group. Moderate‐to‐strong inter‐relationships between emotional, sleep and OHRQoL variables were more explicit for participants with painful TMDs. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that painful TMDs were associated with higher stress and poorer OHRQoL with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.482 (95% CI 1.039‐2.114) and 6.502 (95% CI 3.201‐13.210), respectively.ConclusionsPainful TMDs are associated with higher levels of emotional distress, sleep and OHRQoL impairments. Routine evaluation of the biopsychosocial distress, especially stress and life quality, is necessary for patients with painful TMDs.
Meta‐analysis of direct‐to‐surgery lateral pelvic lymph node dissection for rectal cancer
Authors: Cribb Benjamin , Kong Joseph , McCormick Jacob , Warrier Satish , Heriot Alexander 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimDirect‐to‐surgery rectal resection with lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLND) is a treatment strategy commonly employed in Japan to improve oncological outcomes for rectal cancer. The aim of this study was to assess oncological outcomes in the literature for patients with low rectal cancer who underwent direct‐to‐surgery resection and LPLND compared with those who underwent total mesorectal excision (TME) alone.MethodA literature search of Medline, Embase and PubMed databases was performed to identify relevant studies published between 1989 and 2020. The primary outcomes were 5‐year overall survival (OS) and 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS). The secondary outcomes were cancer recurrence (local, distant and total) and operative burden (operative time and blood loss). Pooled relative risk (RR) of oncological outcomes was performed using the DerSimonian–Laird method random‐effect model.ResultsTwenty‐one studies fulfilled inclusion criteria, including 19 nonrandomized studies of interventions and two studies from one randomized controlled trial. No differences were observed in 5‐year OS or 5‐year DFS. Local recurrence in nonrandomized studies was worse in patients who underwent LPLND [RR 1.41 (95% CI 1.21–1.64, p < 0.001)], as was total recurrence [RR 1.44 (95% CI 1.25–1.67, p < 0.001)]. No differences were observed for distant recurrence.ConclusionIn the published literature, direct‐to‐surgery resection with LPLND was associated with worse local and total recurrence. These predominantly nonrandomized data suggest that a nonselective approach to LPLND does not provide optimal management in radiotherapy‐naïve patients with low rectal cancer. Further prospective randomized studies with a focus on patient selection are required.
Approval success rates of drug candidates based on target, action, modality, application, and their combinations
Authors: Yamaguchi Shingo , Kaneko Masayuki , Narukawa Mamoru 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe current success rate of a drug candidate, from the beginning of the clinical trial to receiving marketing approval, is about 10%–20%, and it has not changed during the past few decades. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies are under pressure to select one compound, among many others, with a high probability of success. The differences in drug features affect their probabilities of approval success. In this study, we examined the approval success rates of drug candidates, developed in the United States, the European Union, or Japan, by focusing on four parameters (“drug target,” “drug action,” “drug modality,” and “drug application”) and their combinations, and identified factors that conditioned the outcome of the drug development process. We obtained a total success rate of 12.8%, after evaluating 3999 compounds. Moreover, after analyzing the combinations of these parameters, the approval success rates of drugs that corresponded to the following categories—a stimulant in drug action or an enzyme in drug target and biologics (excluding monoclonal antibody) in drug modality—were high (34.1% and 31.3%, respectively). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that stimulant in drug action, and “B” (blood and blood forming organs), “G” (genito‐urinary system and sex), and “J” (anti‐infectives for systemic use) in drug application were statistically associated with high approval success rates. We found several parameters and their combinations that affected drug approval success rates. Our results could assist pharmaceutical companies in evaluating the probability of success of their drug candidates and, thus, in efficiently conducting the clinical development process.
Quo vadis OSCM? An analysis of past and future trends in operations and supply chain management research
Authors: Seyedghorban Zahra , Samson Danny , Swink Morgan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTOver the years, Operations and Supply Chain Management (OSCM) researchers have continued to examine foundational topics, while also expanding and adding new ones. Given that the field has changed a great deal, it seems valuable to examine the evolution of OSCM's intellectual structure over its 70 years of academic communications. Using bibliometrics methods, we analyze 96,125 articles containing 1,047,468 references from 31 representative OSCM journals. Our study defines primary topic areas represented in the most co‐cited documents, while tracing past and current research trends. We include analyses of recent bursts in research attention and comparisons of trends in academic and practitioner literatures. The results from an inclusive analysis suggest that OSCM researchers have been responsive to methodological advances and to some of the dynamics in the operating environments of businesses. However, a product/manufacturing focus seems to persist, and inconsistencies between researchers’ and practitioners’ interests suggest that relevance of OSCM could be further improved. Current hot topics are quite different from those of the past. Trend data suggest that studies of supply chain management and data analytics issues will continue to figure largely in shaping the future research agenda. Our analysis quantifies trends and identifies subtopics that are growing in prominence. In addition, the findings provide a benchmark for evaluating the progress of the OSCM field, while highlighting opportunities for shaping its development and directions.
Effect of universal adhesive and silane pretreatment on bond durability of metal brackets to dental glass ceramics
Authors: Yu Jian , Zhang Zhongni , Yang Hongye , Wang Yake , Muhetaer Aihemaiti , Lei Jinmei , Huang Cui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of universal adhesive and silane pretreatment on the bond durability of metal brackets to dental glass ceramics. Eighty lithium disilicate glass ceramic specimens were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n = 20) defined by the pretreatment and adhesive used: (i) Adper Single Bond 2; (ii) silane + Adper Single Bond 2; (iii) Single Bond Universal; and (iv) silane +Single Bond Universal. Maxillary central incisor metal brackets were bonded on the ceramic surfaces with resin composite. A shear bond strength test was conducted after 24 h of water storage and after 10,000 thermocycles. Adhesive remnant index scoring and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy were performed to determine adhesives remaining on the ceramic surfaces and the ceramic ultrastructure following bracket debonding, respectively. After 10,000 thermocycles, specimens treated with Single Bond Universal preserved an appropriate bond strength between brackets and glass ceramics and showed minimum ceramic surface damage following bracket debonding, which was not the case in the other three groups. The application of a silane‐containing universal adhesive without silane pretreatment achieves adequate durability of the bond of metal brackets to dental glass ceramics and allows safe debonding, which may aid in optimizing the effectiveness for orthodontic treatment.
The sustainability shift: The role of calculative practices in strategy implementation
Authors: Brorström Sara 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the role of calculative practices in the phase of implementing strategies for enhanced sustainability in a city organization. Sustainability as a concept is arguably difficult to handle at the organizational level, becoming a challenge for public organizations in practice. This paper builds on the notion of performativity and follows a strategy implementation process over time in a city, allowing us to see how the sustainability ambitions altered over the observed period. This led to the conclusion that when sustainability is to be implemented, there is a shift towards financial control and calculative practices assume various roles.
The HIV reverse transcriptase Inhibitor Tenofovir suppressed DMH/HFD‐induced colorectal cancer in Wistar rats
Authors: Sherif Dana A. , Makled Mirhan N. , Suddek Ghada M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractColon rectal cancer (CRC) is the second commonest malignancy in developed countries and a significant cause of mortality. Tenofovir reportedly reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and interferes with cell cycle and cell proliferation. The current study investigated the potential antitumor effect of tenofovir against experimentally induced CRC. CRC was induced by 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 20 mg/kg, once a week) and high‐fat diet (HFD) in Wistar rats. Rats received tenofovir at a dose of 25 or 50 mg/kg (i.p.) for 24 weeks. Tenofovir‐25 failed to significantly decrease the total number of dysplasia, adenoma and adenocarcinoma and to improve histopathological changes; however, tenofovir‐50 resulted in no tumors seen in the colon lumen and a significant decrease in the total number of dysplasia and no adenoma or adenocarcinoma observed compared to DMH/HFD group. Tenofovir‐25 failed to attenuate DMH/HFD‐induced cell proliferation, whereas tenofovir‐50 significantly decreased cell proliferation revealed by the decreased PCNA expression. Tenofovir‐25 also failed to attenuate DMH/HFD‐induced oxidative stress, whereas tenofovir‐50 significantly attenuated oxidative stress as indicated by the decreased MDA concentration and SOD activity along with the increased GSH concentrations. Moreover, tenofovir‐50 decreased Bcl‐2 and cyclin D1 expressions in colon tissues compared with DMH/HFD group. Tenofovir‐50 also significantly decreased INF‐ɤ concentration in colon tissues. These findings suggest that the high dose of tenofovir (50 mg/kg) has antitumor potential against DMH/HFD‐induced CRC, which might be mediated through the inhibition of cell proliferation, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: a proposal for classification
Authors: Rakha Emad , Tan Puay Hoon , Ellis Ian , Quinn Cecily 
Published: April 2021

Breast lesions with a prominent myoepithelial cell component constitute a heterogeneous group of benign and malignant neoplastic proliferations. These lesions are often dual epithelial–myoepithelial, but may be purely myoepithelial cell in nature. Benign epithelial–myoepithelial lesions typically maintain the morphology and immunophenotype of the normal bilayer epithelial myoepithelial structures. However, the distinction between the two cell components is not always clear‐cut in malignant lesions in which the histogenesis of myoepithelial cells remains uncertain. Neoplastic biphasic epithelial–myoepithelial lesions of the breast include adenomyoepithelioma (AME), pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Four histological patterns of classical AME have been described: tubular, lobulated, spindle‐cell and adenosis variants. Overlapping patterns occur and some AMEs display an intraductal papillary pattern that may represent a fifth variant. AME can be benign or malignant. Classical AME may show atypical features, which are not sufficient for the diagnosis of malignancy (atypical AME). Atypical AME is recognised as a lesion of uncertain malignant potential with limited metastatic capability. Based on the histological features, we propose a classification of malignant AME (M‐AME) into three variants: M‐AME in situ, M‐AME invasive and AME with invasive carcinoma. In this review, we provide an overview of myoepithelial lesions of the breast focusing on the classification of AME to improve not only the consistency of reporting but also help to guide further management decision‐making.
Experimental evaluation and theoretical prediction of elastic properties and failure of C/C‐SiC composite
Authors: Shi Yuan , Li Shuguang , Sitnikova Elena , Cepli Daniel , Koch Dietmar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe paper presents experimental characterization and theoretical predictions of elastic and failure properties of continuous carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide (C/C‐SiC) composite fabricated by Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI). Its mechanical properties were determined under uniaxial tensile, compression, and pure shear loads in two sets of principal coordinate systems, 0°–90° and ±45°, respectively. The properties measured in the 0°–90° coordinate system were employed as the input data to predict their counterparts in the ±45° coordinate system. Through coordinate transformations of stress and strain tensors, the elastic constants and stress‐strain behaviors were predicted and found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. In the same way, three different failure criteria, maximum stress, Tsai‐Wu, and maximum strain, have been selected for the evaluation of the failure of C/C‐SiC as a type of genuinely orthotropic material. Based on the comparisons with experimental results, supported by necessary practical justifications, the Tsai‐Wu criterion was found to offer a reasonable prediction of the strengths, which can be assisted by the maximum stress criterion to obtain an indicative prediction of the respective failure modes.
Synthesis of monophase two‐dimensional α‐Si3N4 nanoplatelets via an ionothermal route
Authors: Wang Sen , Liang Feng , Li Saisai , Tian Liang , Zhang Shaowei , Jia Quanli , Chang Shuai , Yan Sheng , Zhang Haijun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMonophase α‐Si3N4 was prepared by a salt melt strategy using Si as a starting material. The results showed that molten salt enhanced the conversion of Si to monophase α‐Si3N4, and some as‐synthesized α‐Si3N4 nanoparticles had a hexagonal platelet morphology. The α‐Si3N4 hexagonal nanoplatelets had an average lateral dimension of about 170 nm and a thickness of about 5.2 nm. The nitridation of Si in molten salt was investigated by a thermal quenching method, and the silicon halide intermediate products were detected by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Silicon halides possessing higher reactive activity facilitated the nitridation of Si and nucleation of α‐Si3N4. Furthermore, the lattice mismatch between α‐Si3N4 and the salts was calculated, suggesting that the lateral growth of α‐Si3N4 nanoplatelets had been guided by the salt crystal structure. Based on the results, the relevant formation mechanism of α‐Si3N4 nanoplatelets was proposed.
Risk factors for teen suicide and bullying: An international integrative review
Authors: Cuesta Inka , Montesó‐Curto Pilar , Metzler Sawin Erika , Jiménez‐Herrera Maria , Puig‐Llobet Montserrat , Seabra Paulo , Toussaint Loren 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to analyse risk and protective factors for teen suicide and bullying.BackgroundResearch shows that high percentages of bully‐victims report suicidal thinking or suicide attempts.DesignThis was an international integrative review.Data sourcesFive databases including CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Cuiden were searched between January 2010 and December 2020.Review methodsReview methods included problem identification; search, evaluation and analysis of literature; and presentation of results.ResultsEighteen studies were included. We grouped the selected articles into seven thematic categories. The most significant risk factors were being male, having a previous personal and/or family suicide attempt, mental health problems, substance abuse, previous physical and/or sexual abuse, low socio‐economic level, belonging to a single‐parent family, underachievement, family dysfunction and violent environment. The most common protective factors for both suicide and bullying were being female, having good mental health, belonging to a two‐parent family, safe school environment, good family relationships and having an involved teacher.ConclusionSuicide resulting from bullying is a social and public health problem, so nurse practitioners and paediatric primary care nurses have a responsibility to educate teachers and parents in order to promote early detection and the development of more effective prevention and action plans.
Transmission of Respiratory Syncytial Virus genotypes in Cali, Colombia
Authors: Londono‐Avendano Maria Aurora , Peláez‐Moreno Melissa , López Medina Eduardo , Moreno Turriago Mabel Soraya , Parra Patiño Beatriz 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundColombia's climatological variety, added to pathogen diversity, creates local niches for infectious diseases. In Bogotá, respiratory syncytial virus causes 30%‐52% of the cases of respiratory infections. In coastal or inter‐Andean cities with higher temperature and longer dry seasons, frequency of this virus is 7%‐13%. By 2017, increased hospitalizations due to airway infections occurred in regions whose weather is differently influenced by “El Niño Southern Oscillation” than in Bogotá, although microbial diversity might have also been involved.MethodsFor Cali, an inter‐Andean city with warm tropical weather, records of respiratory syncytial virus from 2014 to 2018, in children two years old or younger, were analyzed, and genotypes transmitted during 2016‐2017 were identified based on partial sequences of glycoprotein G.ResultsMost cases of respiratory syncytial virus in Cali occur in the first semesters, with peaks expressed around March‐April, without a clear association with pluviosity. Unlike the biannual rotating pattern of Bogotá, co‐circulation of types A and B was detected. As years pass, transmission seasons are becoming longer and frequencies of the virus augment. The viral genotypes identified follow international trends with dominance of Ontario and Buenos Aires clades. Similar to other isolates in these clades, viruses from Cali exhibit glycosylation variability that may account for their fitness.ConclusionsThe pattern of respiratory syncytial virus transmission in Cali differs from that in Bogotá. Its epidemiology is shifting and will remain so with the advent of novel respiratory diseases. This may impact the introduction of vaccination schemes for these or other respiratory viruses.
Dual role of activated carbon as fuel and template for solution combustion synthesis of porous zinc oxide powders
Authors: Lutukurthi D. N. V. V. Konda , Dutta Suman , Behara Dilip Kumar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this work, nanosized zinc oxide (ZnO) powders were fabricated by urea–nitrate solution combustion synthesis using activated carbon as a structure‐directing template and secondary fuel at different fuel–oxidant ratios. The as‐synthesized powders were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and photoluminescence. The effect of fuel amount on photocatalytic activity of ZnO powders was evaluated by the degradation of an azo dye Orange G. It was observed that combustion synthesis with activated carbon as a secondary fuel had a profound effect on reducing crystallite size and enhancement of specific surface area. The crystallite size of the as‐synthesized powders varied from 46 to 26 nm. The ZnO powder prepared at a fuel–oxidant ratio of 1.8 possessed the small crystallite size and high specific surface area of 69 m2/g. It correspondingly resulted in the highest dye removal percentage of 99% with a rate constant of 0.027 min−1. The improvement in dye degradation can be due to the synergistic interaction and interplay of enhanced surface area and catalytic ability of the photocatalyst. This study provides a simple single‐step synthesis methodology to produce metal oxide nanopowders with tunable surface properties for high potential applications in catalysis, optoelectronics, and gas sensors.