bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pushing up or pushing out—an initial investigation into horizontal- versus vertical-force training on swimming start performance: a pilot study
Authors: Thng Shiqi , Pearson Simon , Keogh Justin W.L. 
Published: February 2021

Background
The block phase in the swimming start requires a quick reaction to the starting signal and a large take-off velocity that is primarily horizontal in direction. Due to the principle of specificity of training, there is a potential benefit of performing a greater proportion of horizontal force production exercises in a swimmers’ dry-land resistance training sessions. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to provide an insight into the effects of a horizontal- (HF) vs vertical-force (VF) training intervention on swim start performance.

Methods
Eleven competitive swimmers (six males (age 20.9 ± 1.8 years, body mass 77.3 ± 9.7 kg, height 1.78 ± 0.05 m) and five females (age 21.4 ± 2.0 years, body mass 67.5 ± 7.4 kg, height 1.69 ± 0.05 m)) completed 2 weekly sessions of either a horizontal- or vertical-force focused resistance training programme for 8 weeks. Squat jump force-time characteristics and swim start kinetic and kinematic parameters were collected pre- and post-intervention.

Results
Across the study duration, the swimmers completed an average of nine swimming sessions per week with an average weekly swim volume of 45.5 ± 17.7 km (HF group) and 53 ± 20.0 km (VF group), but little practice of the swim start per week (n = 9). Within-group analyses indicated a significant increase in predicted one repetition maximum (1RM) hip thrust strength in the HF group, as well as significant increases in grab resultant peak force but reductions in resultant peak force of the block phase for the VF group. No significant between-group differences in predicted 1RM hip thrust and back squat strength, squat jump force-time and swim start performance measures were observed after 8 weeks of training. Significant correlations in the change scores of five block kinetic variables to time to 5 m were observed, whereby increased block kinetic outputs were associated with a reduced time to 5 m. This may be indicative of individual responses to the different training programmes.

Discussion
The results of this current study have been unable to determine whether a horizontal- or vertical-force training programme enhances swim start performance after an 8-week training intervention. Some reasons for the lack of within and between group effects may reflect the large volume of concurrent training and the relative lack of any deliberate practice of the swim start. Larger samples and longer training duration may be required to determine whether significant differences occur between these training approaches. Such research should also look to investigate how a reduction in the concurrent training loads and/or an increase in the deliberate practice of the swim start may influence the potential changes in swim start performance.
Band Engineering via Gradient Molecular Dopants for CsFA Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Huang Ziru , Wei Mingyang , Proppe Andrew Harald , Chen Hao , Chen Bin , Hou Yi , Ning Zhijun , Sargent Edward 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPerovskites with the multi‐cation composition of cesium (Cs), methylammonium (MA), and formamidinium (FA) (CsMAFA) are pursued for their high power conversion efficiencies, but they are limited by their thermal stability. To withstand damp‐heat accelerated aging MA‐free compositions such as CsFA are of interest, but these exhibit lower carrier diffusion lengths and thus lesser performance in photovoltaic devices. A band engineering strategy that overcomes limited carrier diffusion within inverted perovskite solar cells based on CsFA is reported. A joint experimental‐computational study shows that treating the perovskite with an n‐type molecular dopant increases band bending, shaping the electric field across the active layer to overcome limited diffusive transport. Using this strategy, CsFA solar cell devices with stabilized power conversion efficiencies of 20.3%, a high value for devices using CsFA active layers, are fabricated.
Electromagnetic Resonance‐Modulated Magnetic Emission in Europium‐Doped Sub‐Micrometer Zirconia Spheres
Authors: Cheng Xizhe , Zhuo Xiaolu , Jiang Ruibin , Wang Zhi‐Guo , Wang Jianfang , Lin Hai‐Qing 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLight–matter interaction involving magnetic resonance at optical frequencies has recently been extensively investigated for the development of optical metamaterials. Nevertheless, effective manipulation of magnetic dipole transitions at optical frequencies is rarely demonstrated. Herein is reported on an aerosol‐spray method for the gram‐scale production of all‐dielectric europium‐doped sub‐micrometer zirconia spheres, which support strong magnetic Mie resonances. In contrast to previous structures where magnetic dipole emitters are positioned outside dielectric nanoresonators, this structure offers an unprecedented opportunity for the light emitters to access the strong magnetic field within the dielectric nanoresonator. This unique architecture allows the magnetic emission from the doped europium ions to be effectively manipulated. Moreover, in gold nanosphere–europium‐doped zirconia sphere heterostructures, the electric dipole emissions of the europium ions are enhanced strongly by the plasmon resonance of the gold nanospheres, while the magnetic dipole emission is weakly affected, suggesting much weaker interaction between the magnetic dipole transition and the electric resonance. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using all‐dielectric nanoresonators for selectively manipulating the magnetic dipole emissions from embedded quantum emitters. In addition, this cost‐effective and productive synthesis method opens up many possibilities for the wide use of lanthanide‐doped dielectric nanoresonators in the field of nanophotonics.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Disorders
Authors: Andrzejewska Anna , Dabrowska Sylwia , Lukomska Barbara , Janowski Miroslaw 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNeurological disorders are becoming a growing burden as society ages, and there is a compelling need to address this spiraling problem. Stem cell‐based regenerative medicine is becoming an increasingly attractive approach to designing therapies for such disorders. The unique characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) make them among the most sought after cell sources. Researchers have extensively studied the modulatory properties of MSCs and their engineering, labeling, and delivery methods to the brain. The first part of this review provides an overview of studies on the application of MSCs to various neurological diseases, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other less frequently studied clinical entities. In the second part, stem cell delivery to the brain is focused. This fundamental but still understudied problem needs to be overcome to apply stem cells to brain diseases successfully. Here the value of cell engineering is also emphasized to facilitate MSC diapedesis, migration, and homing to brain areas affected by the disease to implement precision medicine paradigms into stem cell‐based therapies.
Whole genome sequencing of 45 Japanese patients with intellectual disability
Authors: Abe‐Hatano Chihiro , Iida Aritoshi , Kosugi Shunichi , Momozawa Yukihide , Terao Chikashi , Ishikawa Keiko , Okubo Mariko , Hachiya Yasuo , Nishida Hiroya , Nakamura Kazuyuki , Miyata Rie , Murakami Chie , Takahashi Kan , Hoshino Kyoko , Sakamoto Haruko , Ohta Sayaka , Kubota Masaya , Takeshita Eri , Ishiyama Akihiko , Nakagawa Eiji , Sasaki Masayuki , Kato Mitsuhiro , Matsumoto Naomichi , Kamatani Yoichiro , Kubo Michiaki , Takahashi Yoshiyuki , Natsume Jun , Inoue Ken , Goto Yu‐Ichi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntellectual disability (ID) is characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors, originating before the age of 18 years. However, the genetic etiologies of ID are still incompletely elucidated due to the wide range of clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has been applied as a single‐step clinical diagnostic tool for ID because it detects genetic variations with a wide range of resolution from single nucleotide variants (SNVs) to structural variants (SVs). To explore the causative genes for ID, we employed WGS in 45 patients from 44 unrelated Japanese families and performed a stepwise screening approach focusing on the coding variants in the genes. Here, we report 12 pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants: seven heterozygous variants of ADNP, SATB2, ANKRD11, PTEN, TCF4, SPAST, and KCNA2, three hemizygous variants of SMS, SLC6A8, and IQSEC2, and one homozygous variant in AGTPBP1. Of these, four were considered novel. Furthermore, a novel 76 kb deletion containing exons 1 and 2 in DYRK1A was identified. We confirmed the clinical and genetic heterogeneity and high frequency of de novo causative variants (8/12, 66.7%). This is the first report of WGS analysis in Japanese patients with ID. Our results would provide insight into the correlation between novel variants and expanded phenotypes of the disease.
Visible Light Photocatalytic Trifluoromethylation/SET Oxidation/Cycloaddition Sequences of 2‐Vinyl Phenols: Multicomponent Synthesis of 4H‐Chromenes
Authors: Jang Jihoon , Kim Dae Young 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVisible light‐mediated photocatalytic trifluoromethylation, single electron transfer (SET) oxidation, and cycloaddition cascades of 2‐vinyl phenols with Umemoto's reagent and malononitrile were developed. This approach provided the multicomponent synthesis of trifluoromethylated 4H‐chromenes via the in situ generation of o‐quinone methides, followed by sequential cyclization.
Ethnicity‐based name partitioning for author name disambiguation using supervised machine learning
Authors: Kim Jinseok , Kim Jenna , Owen‐Smith Jason 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn several author name disambiguation studies, some ethnic name groups such as East Asian names are reported to be more difficult to disambiguate than others. This implies that disambiguation approaches might be improved if ethnic name groups are distinguished before disambiguation. We explore the potential of ethnic name partitioning by comparing performance of four machine learning algorithms trained and tested on the entire data or specifically on individual name groups. Results show that ethnicity‐based name partitioning can substantially improve disambiguation performance because the individual models are better suited for their respective name group. The improvements occur across all ethnic name groups with different magnitudes. Performance gains in predicting matched name pairs outweigh losses in predicting nonmatched pairs. Feature (e.g., coauthor name) similarities of name pairs vary across ethnic name groups. Such differences may enable the development of ethnicity‐specific feature weights to improve prediction for specific ethic name categories. These findings are observed for three labeled data with a natural distribution of problem sizes as well as one in which all ethnic name groups are controlled for the same sizes of ambiguous names. This study is expected to motive scholars to group author names based on ethnicity prior to disambiguation.
Qualitative, quantitative, and pharmacokinetic study on the absorbed components of Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume in rat plasma based on molecular networking combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight LC/MS and triple quadrupole LC/MS
Authors: Wang He Chen , Li Tian Jiao , Bao Yong Rui , Wang Shuai , Meng Xian Sheng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIsolation and screening of different compounds from plant extracts are always the key for natural drug research, and the absorbed prototype components have been considered as potential active ingredients. UHPLC combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (Q‐TOF‐LC/MS) has been widely used in the research of natural drugs; however, we still need a more effective tool to compare and treat from a raw data. In this study, we provided a fast analytical method to measure the absorbed prototype components and their metabolites both qualitatively and quantitatively based on molecular networking (MN). For example, in Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume, a total of eight absorbed prototype components in rat plasma were identified. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic study was also successfully performed on the eight absorbed prototype components in rat plasma. Our findings have provided important information on the investigation of A. japonica in vivo. More importantly, the MS network analysis pattern serves as an integral solution for qualitative and quantitative determination of phytochemical compounds in natural drugs.
Thrombocytosis in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia during treatment with all‐trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide
Authors: Habibi Maryam , Manouchehri Ardekani Reza , Motedayyen Hossein 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThrombocytosis is an unusual side effect of all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment that occurs in some patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).
An adrenal incidentaloma caused by synchronous and isolated metastasis
Authors: Yamamoto Koichiro , Oka Kosuke , Honda Hiroyuki , Hasegawa Kou , Hanayama Yoshihisa , Watanabe Tomofumi , Tominaga Yusuke , Takamoto Atsushi , Hara Takayuki , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe report a patient with adrenal incidentaloma due to synchronous and isolated metastasis from lung cancer, which is a relatively rare condition. Close checkups for incidentaloma in oncologic patients are mandatory, leading to successful operation.
Progress and perspective of interface design in garnet electrolyte‐based all‐solid‐state batteries
Authors: Feng Junrun , Gao Zhonghui , Sheng Lin , Hao Zhangxiang , Wang Feng R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInorganic solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) are nonflammable alternatives to the commercial liquid‐phase electrolytes. This enables the use of lithium (Li) metal as an anode, providing high‐energy density and improved stability by avoiding unwanted liquid‐phase chemical reactions. Among the different types of SSEs, the garnet‐type electrolytes witness a rapid development and are considered as one of the top candidates to pair with Li metal due to their high ionic conductivity, thermal, and electrochemical stability. However, the large resistances at the interface between garnet‐type electrolytes and cathode/anode are the major bottlenecks for delivering desirable electrochemical performances of all‐solid‐state batteries (SSBs). The electrolyte/anode interface also suffers from metallic dendrite formation, leading to rapid performance degradation. This is a fundamental material challenge due to the poor contact and wettability between garnet‐type electrolytes with electrode materials. Here, we summarize and analyze the recent contributions in mitigating such materials challenges at the interface. Strategies used to address these challenges are divided into different categories with regard to their working principles. On one hand, progress has been made in the anode/garnet interface, such as the successful application of Li‐alloy anode and different artificial interlayers, significantly improving interfacial performance. On the other hand, the desired cathode/garnet interface is still hard to reach due to the complex chemical and physical structure at the cathode. The common methods used are nanostructured cathode host and sintering additives for increasing the contact area. On the basis of this information, we present our views on the remaining challenges and future research of electrode/garnet interface. This review not only motivates the need for further understanding of the fundamentals, stability, and modifications of the garnet/electrode interfaces but also provides guidelines for the future design of the interface for SSB.
NSERC discovery grants and a tribute to Leo A. Behie
Authors: Patience Gregory S. , Patience Brendan A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe scope of chemical engineering continues to evolve and has become ever more multifaceted. It encompasses traditional fields like polymers, thermodynamics, transport processes, control, and environmental science, but has expanded to include biotechnology, biomedical, food technology, materials, and numerical techniques like artificial neural networks and discrete element methods. In fact, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) combines chemical engineering and materials in the same evaluation group to award competitive funding for the Discovery Grant. Prof. Leo Behie's career reflected the change in the scope of chemical engineering. In the 1970s and early 1980s, Prof. Behie's research included hydrodynamics of fluidized beds and deriving the kinetics of the Claus reaction. In the late 1980s and into the 1990s, he contributed to biotechnology. In the 2000s and 2010s, his areas of expertise related to biomedical engineering comprising stem cell research and a focus on Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. The common denominator for most of his research was reactor technology. In 2014, Prof. Behie quipped that chemical engineering was dead and many North American departments shared this tenet and added various scientific fields to recognize the emerging synergies. Here, we show that chemical engineering is a vibrant and growing field. We demonstrate in what way it is changing and describe how NSERC evaluates research dossiers for the Discovery Grants. We describe the relationship between the hindex and the number of citations and confirm that bibliometrics has only a minor role in the Discovery Grant award.
The Guerbet Reaction Network – a Ball‐in‐a‐Maze‐Game or: Why Ru‐MACHO‐BH is Poor in Coupling two Ethanol to n‐Butanol
Authors: Ohligschläger Andreas , van Staalduinen Nils , Cormann Carsten , Mühlhans Jan , Wurm Jan , Liauw Marcel A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Guerbet reaction from two alcohols to a long‐chain alcohol and water requires a redox catalyst and a strong base in homogeneous liquid systems. Especially, the reaction from ethanol to n‐butanol is a challenging example of the reaction that suffers from low yields and selectivities in comparison with reactions of higher alcohols. The most important side reactions are the polymerization of acetaldehyde to C6+‐components and the saponification of ethyl acetate under consumption of the base. This work pursues the systematic kinetic investigation of the Guerbet reaction network by experiments with isolated subsystems of the network. In‐situ‐infrared spectroscopy is applied to determine time‐resolved concentration profiles. Adapted kinetic models of the single steps are integrated into a microkinetic model of the whole network. The simulation of the reaction network reveals dependencies between temperature, hydrogen pressure, initial concentrations and the yield and selectivity of n‐butanol. Finally, it is shown that Ru‐MACHO does not lead to high yields in the reaction, because the dehydrogenation to ethyl acetate exhibits a too low activation barrier.
Extending collaborative filtering recommendation using word embedding: A hybrid approach
Authors: Vuong Nguyen Luong , Nguyen Tri‐Hai , Jung Jason J. , Camacho David 
Published: February 2021

SummaryCollaborative filtering recommendation systems, which analyze sets of user ratings, have been applied to various domains and have resulted in considerable improvements in the traditional recommendation system. However, they still have problems with data sparsity and cold‐start of the user ratings. To solve these problems, we present a hybrid recommendation approach by combining collaborative filtering methods and word embedding‐based content analysis. This study focuses on the movie domain, and therefore, the contents of the items are represented as a set of features such as titles, genres, directors, actors, and plots. The main aim of this paper is to understand the content of the movie plot using a word embedding to improve the measurement of similarity of each plot content to other plot content (called plot embedding). To enhance the accuracy in measuring the similarity between movies, we also consider other features such as titles, genres, directors, and actors extracted from movies. In the experiments, the movie dataset was collected by our crowdsourcing platform, which is the OMS platform. The experimental findings indicate that the proposed approach can enhance the efficiency of applied collaborative filtering recommendation systems.
In Vivo Phage Display as a Biomarker Discovery Tool for the Complex Neural Injury Microenvironment
Authors: Martinez Briana I. , Stabenfeldt Sarah E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe heterogeneous injury pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a barrier to developing highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tools. Phage display, a protein‒protein screening technique routinely used in drug development, has the potential to be a powerful biomarker discovery tool for TBI. However, analysis of these large and diverse phage libraries is a bottleneck to moving through the discovery pipeline in a timely and efficient manner. This article describes a unique discovery pipeline involving domain antibody (dAb) phage in vivo biopanning and next‐generation sequencing (NGS) analysis to identify targeting motifs that recognize distinct aspects of TBI pathology. To demonstrate this process, we conduct in vivo biopanning on the controlled cortical impact mouse model of experimental TBI at 1 and 7 days postinjury. Phage accumulation in target tissues is quantified via titers before NGS preparation and analysis. This phage display biomarker discovery pipeline for TBI successfully achieves discovery of temporally specific TBI targeting motifs and may further TBI biomarker research for other characteristics of injury. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 19 July 2022. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol 1: Phage production and purificationSupport Protocol: Controlled cortical impact modelBasic Protocol 2: Injection and elution of phageBasic Protocol 3: Amplicon sequencing and sequence analysis