bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saskatchewan Physicians’ Opinions of Their Personalized Prescribing Profiles Related to Opioids, Benzodiazepines, Stimulants, and Gabapentin
Authors: Jorgenson Derek , Alazawi Diar , Bareham Julia , Bootsman Nicole 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Overdoses of prescription medications continue to be a significant concern for health systems around the world. Medical regulators in several jurisdictions have started generating personalized prescribing profiles for individual physicians as an audit and feedback tool to reduce the sub-optimal prescribing of high-risk drugs such as opioids, benzodiazepines and stimulants. However, little is known about how to most effectively communicate the data in these prescriber profiles to the intended recipients. The aim of this study was to collect the opinions of physicians in Saskatchewan, Canada, regarding their personalized prescriber profiles. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were completed in January 2019 with 17 physicians who were given access to personalized profiles containing their prescribing information on opioids, benzodiazepines, stimulants and gabapentin. Interviews were recorded and data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Respondents thought the profiles were a useful tool that had significant potential to improve their prescribing practices. However, many physicians also thought the profiles were confusing and difficult to interpret. Several recommendations were made to improve the prescriber profiles, which may be applicable to other jurisdictions currently using, or planning to develop, similar quality improvement tools. These recommendations include: limiting the use of abbreviations and acronyms; being explicit regarding the intent of the profiles; ensuring comparator data is relevant to the individual recipient; using a combination of numbers and visuals to display data; and providing detailed context regarding what the data means.
Activity of alkaline phosphatase in male lamb blood serum in relation to age and growth rate
Authors: Zharikov Y. , Kaneva L. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: to assess the correlation of serum alkaline phosphatase with the live weight and growth rate of male lambs during the milk and post-milk growing periods.Materials and methods. The study of indicators of serum alkaline phosphatase activity in 74 male lambs aged one and five months was carried out in connection with the intensity of growth and the peculiarities of metabolism. All the male lambs were born at the same time and were raised for up to six months under similar feeding and maintenance conditions. To study the dynamics of changes in the live weight of young animals, individual weighing was carried out monthly with an accuracy of 0.1 kg. Based on the results of weighing, the absolute, relative, and average daily live weight gains were calculated and the animals were divided into three groups. The analysis of the serum for the content of the studied parameters was performed by photometry with the help of the corresponding sets of reagents of the company «VitalDiagnostics SPb».Results. During the observation period, the average increase in live weight of male lambs was 21,14 kg, or 136,75 g per day. At one month of age, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was 188,61±9.50 U/l, and at five months — 100,01±3,58, or 47% (P<0,001) lower. It was found that the activity of the enzyme during the suckling period was positively associated with live weight and growth intensity (r=0,35 and 0,49), and after weaning from mothers — negatively (r = -0,46 and -0,46, respectively). The activity of alkaline phosphatase was consistently increased in monthly male lamb when they moved from a group with lower productivity to a larger one — 160,5 — 191,4 — 214,9, and in five-month-olds, on the contrary, decreased — 121,0 — 98,1 — 80,2 E/l. At the age of one month, the increase in growth intensity was accompanied by an increase in the blood serum of male lamb values of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, glucose, calcium and phosphorus, and a decrease in urea and cholesterol levels. At the age of five months, both the list of links and their vector changed. In the serum of fast-growing animals, the de Ritis coefficient and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase were higher, but the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase was lower.Conclusion. The presence of a correlation between alkaline phosphatase and growth makes it possible to use alkaline phosphatase in zootechnical practice and breeding work as an additional criterion for the growth potential of male lambs up to six months in the early stages of ontogenesis. However, the change in the nature of the relationship from plus to minus implies a differentiated approach in the use of this indicator, taking into account the age of the male lambs.
Serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and oxidative parameters in healthy and diabetic people
Authors: Barghi Maryam , Sadeghipoor Ranjbar Amir , Moazen Homa , Eskandari-Roozbahani Narges 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is a primary public health consideration. Low Vitamin D levels are linked to type 2 diabetes (T2DM), diminished insulin release, and enhanced insulin resistance in humans and animals. Vitamin D is also involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Oxidative stress and antioxidant imbalances are important for the progression of diabetes as well. In this endeavor, the levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and evaluation of the oxidant- antioxidant factors of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in healthy and diabetic people were compared.Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2020 in Shiraz, Fars province, Iran. The population included 40 T2DM patients (with HbA1c equivalent 6-8) without comorbidities, 20-60 years old for both genders, and 40 healthy individuals (female and male between 20-60 years old without comorbidities). The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was adopted for measuring Vitamin D and for measuring other levels, the colorimetric method was used. Using SPSS 22, statistical analysis was performed. The Mann- Whitney U test for quantitative data was applied. P<0.05 was deemed significant.Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups when it came to the means of vitamin D and MDA. In the diabetic group, vitamin D levels were lower (p=0.001) and MDA levels were higher (p<0.001). Comparing the level of calcium and phosphorus in diabetics and healthy people revealed no significant difference. This result was also true for the TAC test.Conclusions: According to our results, the mean of vitamin D in T2DM was significantly lower than healthy people and MDA in T2DM significantly increased compared to the control group, suggesting that increasing the activity of this enzyme in the development of secondary complications in diabetic patients is a predisposing factor.Keywords: Vitamin D, Diabetes mellitus, HPLC, Oxidative stress
A REVIEW ON CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF COVID-19 VIRUS AND THE POSSIBLE ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSES
Authors: KP Srinivasakumar , Hung Bui Thanh , Chakrabarti Prasun 
Published: May 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the highly contagious infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease has shown to put an enormous burden on the society and is a challenge to the physician owing to its infectivity, complications, morbidity and absence of proper medication. As medicine is an ever-changing science new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge and bring changes in drug therapy. COVID-19 is now spreading throughout the world because of its high infectivity and communicability. Also there is a lack in the proper management of the disease. Because there is no definite and specific treatment for patients with COVID-19, some antiviral agents are prescribed to the patients, depending on their condition and location. It is widely accepted that the world will not return to its prepandemic normalcy until safe and effective vaccines become available and a global vaccination programme is successfully implemented. As COVID-19 is new to humankind and the nature of protective immune responses is poorly understood, it is unclear which vaccine strategies will be most successful. This review attempts to educate the readers about the molecular and structural complexity of COVID-19 virus; its clinical manifestations in humans; immune responses and a special reference on the various adaptive immune responsive strategies including vaccines and its limitations.
Keywords: COVID-19, Vaccine, Spike Protein, Vector, Immune response, Pandemic, SARS-CoV2
Результативність участі збірних команд Італії та України на Всесвітніх іграх
Authors: Кропивницька Тетяна , Луць Юлія 
Published: May 2021

Анотація. Головними змаганнями у неолімпійському спорті є Всесвітні ігри. Їх популярність невпинно зростає, а результати виступів збірних команд є критерієм розвитку цього напряму спорту в країні. Існують поодинокі дослідження співвідношення сил між країнамиучасницями Всесвітніх ігор, проте не розглядалися питання оцінки ефективності участі збірних команд у цих змаганнях. Мета. Оцінити ефективність виступів на Всесвітніх іграх збірних команд Італії та України. Методи. Аналіз літературних джерел, документальних матеріалів та інформації мережі Інтернет; синтез та узагальнення; порівняння; системний підхід; методи математичної статистики. Результати. Проведені дослідження свідчать про високий рівень функціонування неолімпійського спорту в Італії та позитивну динаміку його розвитку в Україні. Порівняльний аналіз успішності виступів збірних команд обох країн дозволив встановити спільні та відмінні риси. До спільних віднесено: подібні середні коефіцієнти ефективності участі збірних команд на Всесвітніх іграх у період з 2005 по 2017 р., високий рівень розвитку жіночого спорту, низький рівень розвитку командних ігрових видів спорту (за винятком каное-поло для Італії). Відмінні риси полягають у перевазі за такими показниками, як досвід участі у Всесвітніх іграх; кількість спортсменів, які представляли країну на змаганнях; видів спорту, в яких здобуто медалі; видів спорту з високими коефіцієнтами ефективності завоювання медалей. Визначено, що для утримання досягнутого Україною загальнокомандного результату на Всесвітніх іграх необхідно, щоб кількість учасників змагань становила не менше 2,4 % загального числа, які спромоглися б завоювати не менше 10 золотих медалей. Для конкуренції зі спортсменами Італії ці показники мають бути вищими 3,1 % загальної кількості учасників і 15 золотих медалей.
Ключові слова: неолімпійський спорт, Всесвітні ігри, збірні команди, командний залік.
Competence approach to the study of disciplines students of the specialty "Chemical technology & engineering"
Authors: Onyschuk Oksana 
Published: May 2021

The basis of training of chemists-technologists of chemical profile is the formation of their professional competence. It is necessary that future professionals gain knowledge of modern innovative chemical engineering technologies for modern production and be able to apply them in practical conditions when preparing bachelors in the specialty 161 "Chemical Technology and Engineering". The proposed approach is the development and formation of students' theoretical ideas and knowledge about processes, effective use of technological means, process development, training with design and technical documentation, using modern methods of computer design. It was argued that the specifics of classroom and independent work of students in basic and elective disciplines - is the result of a competency-based approach. Specialized-professional competencies include knowledge of technological processes, knowledge of technological documentation, skills to map technological processes; knowledge of technological process design and skills to conduct various types of project analysis; knowledge of research methods and skills of organizing research and analysis of their results; ability to use theoretical knowledge and practical skills to master the basics of entrepreneurship. The prospect of a competent approach to the study of disciplines in students of this specialty is the formation of theoretical knowledge and practical skills of calculation and choice. The purpose of this approach is to provide students with knowledge of technical means and systems of automatic control and regulation of basic technological parameters of chemical-technological processes through modern information technologies used to create and manage technological parameters.
Legal Aspect of an Agreement Cancellation in the State of Majeure Force during the Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Hulzannah Mifta , Sriono Sriono , Sagala Elviana 
Published: May 2021

Many parties can cancel an agreement or contract during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. WHO Director General, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus determined the status of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) as a Pandemic This happened because the government issued Presidential Decree No. 12 of 2020 concerning the Determination of Disaster in the Spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a National Disaster. The covid-19 pandemic falls into the force majeure category or a state of force because it causes the economic sector to experience a decline. The community cannot do work as usual, all activities carried out are very limited. A contract is an agreement made by the parties in written form. An agreement is an act that binds one or more people to one or more people. This event resulted in a legal relationship between the parties, which included rights and obligations. Circumstances compel or force majeure may be earthquakes, fires, floods, landslides, wars, military coups, embargoes, epidemics, and so forth. In the time of the corona pandemic which is currently hitting all parts of the world, of course, it has an impact on the implementation of an agreement / contract. The purpose of this paper is to examine the force majeure in an agreement that occurs during the corona virus pandemic, which cannot automatically be used as a reason for cancellation of an agreement / contract, but can be used as a way to negotiate in canceling or changing the contents of the agreement / contract. The contract / agreement is canceled unilaterally without regard to the sense of justice, in accordance with Article 1338 paragraph (1) of the Civil Code, it is stated that the contract is a law for the parties. So the cancellation of the contract with due regard to aspects in the law and Article 1338 paragraph (1) of the Civil Code cannot be carried out in a covid-19 pandemic force majeure situation. The parties are required to carry out good faith in accordance with Article 1338 of the Civil Code by reviewing the agreement / contract or renegotiating by adding a contract clause to postpone carrying out obligations.
BELAJAR BERMAKNA (MEANINGFUL LEARNING) AUSUBEL MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DAN EVALUASI PETA KONSEP (CONCEPT MAPPING) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MAHASISWA CALON GURU SEKOLAH DASAR PADA MATA KULIAH KONSEP DASAR IPA
Authors: Tarmidzi Tarmidzi 
Published: May 2021

Belajar bermakna (Meaningful Learning) yang dicetuskan oleh David Ausubel merupakan suatu proses dikaitkannya informasi-informasi baru dengan konsep-konsep yang relevan yang terdapat dalam struktur kognitif seseorang (Dahar dalam Trianto, 2007: 25).Â Peta konsep dimaksudkan untuk mewakili hubungan antar konsepÂ yang bermakna dalam bentuk proposisi (Novak & Gowin, 1984: 15).Â Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran menggunakanÂ model peta konsep.Â Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat sebagai tambahan pengetahuan mengenai model-model pembelajaran agar dapat digunakan sendiri sebagai sarana belajar guna meningkatkan pengetahuan dan/atau sebagai tambahan referensi cara mengajar agar di kemudian hari dapat digunakan di sekolah dasar.Â Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen lemah yang desain dan perlakuannya seperti eksperimen tetapi tidak ada pengontrolan variabel sama sekali dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 30 orang (33%) mahasiswa Prodi PGSD FKIP Unswagati Cirebon dan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Pre-test and Post-test Group Design.Â Hasil pengujian perbedaan menggunakan Uji T Sampel Berpasangan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa antara sebelum dan setelah pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran peta konsep.Â Â Kata Kunci:Â Belajar Bermakna, Peta Konsep, dan Pemahaman Konsep
Peningkatan Daya Ingat Peserta Didik Melalui Strategi Pembelajaran True Or False Pada Pembelajaran Tematik Kelas III MI Nurul Huda Cigentur
Authors: Zannah Dila Nurlaila , Saefuddin Asis , Rahman Alvin Yanuar 
Published: May 2021

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peningkatan daya ingat peserta didik setelah proses pembelajaran tematik menggunakan strategi pembelajaran true or false kelas III MI Nurul Huda Cigentur. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen tipe one group peretst and posttest design. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penyebaran angket dan tes uraian pretest dan posttest. Jenis data penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif yang kemudian diolah dengan uji statistik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada peserta didik kelas III MI Nurul Huda Cigentur yang telah dilaksanakan, 96% peserta didik dapat menerima materi yang dibelajarkan. Hasil pretest didapatkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 42,65, hal ini menunjukkan kurangnya pengetahuan peserta didik mengenai materi yang akan dibelajarkan sementara hasil posttest mendapatkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 79,12 menunjukkan peserta didik memiliki pengetahuan materi yang baik. Hasil analisis N-Gain menunjukkan peserta didik memperoleh peningkatan daya ingat sejumlah 66,94 % yang berarti peningkatan daya ingat peserta didik yang telah mengikuti pembelajaran tematik menggunakan strategi pembelajaran true or false dikategorikan sedang.Kata kunci: Daya ingat, Strategi Pembelajaran True or False, Pembelajaran Tematik
Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa PGSD Melalui Pembelajaran Read-Answer-Discuss-Explain-And Create (RADEC) yang Berorientasi Penyelidikan
Authors: Anggraeni Poppy , Sopandi Wahyu , Septinaningrum Septinaningrum , Hayati Ai , Tursinawati Tursinawati , Yosi Gumala Yosi Gumala 
Published: May 2021

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran secara komprehensif mengenai keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran RADEC berorientasi penyelidikan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu mixed methods, dengan sampel sebanyak 29 orang mahasiswa PGSD. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu tes keterampilan berpikir kritis mengacu pada 5 aspek Critical Thinking Abilities yang dikembangkan Ennis (2011). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa PGSD pada materi perkembangbiakan pada tumbuhan melalui pembelajaran RADEC berorientasi penyelidikan memiliki kategori cukup (53,4%). Adapun keterampilan berpikir kritis tertinggi pada aspek the bases for a decision (59,1%) dan persentase terendah pada aspek basic clarification (44,5%). Hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan software SPSS 22 menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan keterampilan berpikir kritis antara mahasiswa PGSD perempuan dan laki-laki. Namun demikian, nilai rata-rata keterampilan berpikir kritis perempuan (55,3) lebih besar daripada laki-laki (45,8), maka dapat disimpulkan keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa PGSD perempuan lebih tinggi daripada keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa PGSD laki-laki.Kata kunci: Keterampilan berpikir kritis, RADEC, Penyelidikan
PENERAPAN KEMAMPUAN PRESENTASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SPEAKING SKILLS MAHASISWA JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN
Authors: Umi Anis R  , Atiqah Nurul Asri  , Abdul Muqit  
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan rendahnya kemampuan berbicara mahasiswa sedangkan kemampuan tersebut merupakan kemampuan yang penting dikuasai karena dapat menunjang pemahaman mata kuliah yang berhubungan dengan otomotif yang dipakai nanti pada saat presentasi laporan akhir/skripsi yang ditulis dan di ajukan menggunakan bahasa Inggri Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan seberapa efektifnya presentasi ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan speaking skill mahasiswa Metode penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan model pengembangan Kemmis dan Taggart yang meliputi; 1) planning, 2) implementing, 3) observing, dan 4) reflecting, dengan preleminary study sebagai pembukaannya. Populasi penelitian ini terdiri dari kelas 4A terdiri 23 orang dan 4B sebanyak 24 mahasiswa. Materi pelajaran yang diberikan adalah yang berbasis konteks karena hal ini yang dibahas sehari-hari. Hasil yang diperoleh pada kuesioner yang diikuti oleh mahasiswa kelas 4A dan 4B menunjukkan bahwa mereka tidak keberatan bahkan merasa lebih nyaman dengan presentasi kelompok dan mereka merasa lebih bisa berbicara bila dibandingkan dengan kelas kuliah atau lecturing. Dan dari data penelitian mahasiswa menunjukkan peningkatan pada kemahiran berbicara dari kelas 4A dari 55,44% meningkat 63,01% dan dari kelas 4B dari 53,14 % menjadi 62,72%
Positive Association of Leptin and Artery Calcification of Lower Extremity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chai SanBao , Chen Yao , Xin SiXu , Yuan Ning , Liu YuFang , Sun JianBin , Meng XiangYu , Qi YongFen 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveWe aimed to explore the role and possible mechanism of leptin in lower-extremity artery calcification in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsWe recruited 59 male patients with T2DM and 39 non-diabetic male participants. All participants underwent computed tomography scan of lower-extremity arteries. The calcification scores (CSs) were analyzed by standardized software. Plasma leptin level was determined by radioimmunoassay kits. Human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification model was established by beta-glycerophosphate and calcium chlorideinduction. Calcium deposition and mineralization were measured by the o-cresolphthalein complexone method and Alizarin Red staining. The mRNA expression of bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. The protein levels of BMP2, Runx2, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and (p)-Akt was determined by Western-blot analysis, and α-SMA was also measured by immunofluorescence analysis.ResultsCompared with controls, patients with T2DM showed higher median calcification score in lower-extremity artery [286.50 (IQR 83.41, 1082.00) vs 68.66 (3.41, 141.30), p&lt;0.01]. Plasma leptin level was higher in patients with calcification score ≥300 than ≥100 (252.67 ± 98.57 vs 189.38 ± 44.19 pg/ml, p&lt;0.05). Compared with calcification medium, intracellular calcium content was significantly increased in VSMCs treated by leptin (200, 400 and 800 ng/ml) combined with calcification medium [11.99 ± 3.63, 15.18 ± 4.55, and 24.14 ± 5.85 mg/ml, respectively, vs 7.27 ± 1.54 mg/ml, all p&lt;0.01]. Compared with calcification medium, Alizarin Red staining showed calcium disposition was more obvious, and the mRNA level of BMP2, Runx2 and OCN was significantly increased, and immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis showed that the expression of α-SMA was downregulated in VSMCs treated by leptin (400 ng/ml) combined with calcification medium, respectively. Compared with calcification medium, the protein level of BMP2 and Runx2 was upregulated in VSMCs treated by leptin (400 ng/ml) combined with calcification medium. Moreover, blocking PI3K/Akt signaling pathway can decrease the protein expression of BMP2 and Runx2 in VSMCs treated by leptin (400 ng/ml) combined with calcification medium.ConclusionsLeptin promoted lower-extremity artery calcification of T2DM by upregulating the expression of BMP2 and Runx2, and regulating phenotypic switch of VSMCs via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.