bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint contact stress improves in dysplastic hips after periacetabular osteotomy but remains higher than in normal hips
Authors: Goetz Jessica E , Thomas-Aitken Holly D , Sitton Sean E , Westermann Robert W , Willey Michael C 
Published: August 2021

Aim: The purpose of this study was to use computational modeling to determine if surgical correction of hip dysplasia restores hip contact mechanics to those of asymptomatic, radiographically normal hips. Methods: Discrete element analysis (DEA) was used to compute joint contact stresses during the stance phase of normal walking gait for 10 individuals with radiographically normal, asymptomatic hips and 10 age- and weight-matched patients with acetabular dysplasia who underwent periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). Results: Mean and peak contact stresses were higher ( p < 0.001 and p = 0.036, respectively) in the dysplastic hips than in the matched normal hips. PAO normalised standard radiographic measurements and medialised the location of computed contact stress within the joint. Mean contact stress computed in dysplastic hips throughout the stance phase of gait (median 5.5 MPa, [IQR 3.9–6.1 MPa]) did not significantly decrease after PAO (3.7 MPa, [IQR 3.2–4.8]; p = 0.109) and remained significantly ( p < 0.001) elevated compared to radiographically normal hips (2.4 MPa, [IQR 2.2–2.8 MPa]). Peak contact stress demonstrated a similar trend. Joint contact area during the stance phase of gait in the dysplastic hips increased significantly ( p = 0.036) after PAO from 395 mm2 (IQR 378–496 mm2) to 595 mm2 (IQR 474–660 mm2), but remained significantly smaller ( p = 0.001) than that for radiographically normal hips (median 1120 mm2, IQR 853–1444 mm2). Conclusions: While contact mechanics in dysplastic hips more closely resembled those of normal hips after PAO, the elevated contact stresses and smaller contact areas remaining after PAO indicate ongoing mechanical abnormalities should be expected even after radiographically successful surgical correction.
The effects of JASPER intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Waddington Hannah , Reynolds Jess E , Macaskill Ella , Curtis Sally , Taylor Lauren J , Whitehouse Andrew JO 
Published: August 2021

Naturalistic developmental behavioural interventions are promising approaches for young children with, or suspected of having, autism spectrum disorder. Joint attention, symbolic play, engagement and regulation intervention (JASPER) is a well-researched naturalistic developmental behavioural intervention but, to date, no reviews have specifically evaluated its effects. This systematic literature review examined the effects of JASPER intervention and its components on child, parent and educator outcomes. Of the 96 articles screened, 19 were eligible for inclusion in the review. Most studies found that children who received JASPER intervention showed significantly greater improvements in at least one outcome related to child joint attention, joint engagement, play skills and language skills compared to the comparison group. Implementation outcomes for parents and educators were generally positive. There were no consistent predictors or mediators of treatment effects. None of the studies met all of the quality indicators outlined by the Council of Exceptional Children, and the majority of outcome measures were classified as proximal. Overall, JASPER intervention appears promising in improving child outcomes directly targeted during treatment. More research is needed to determine whether it is also effective in improving a wider range of outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder. Lay abstract Interventions which are delivered in natural contexts and use both developmental and behavioural techniques may be helpful for children with, or suspected of having, autism spectrum disorder. Joint attention, symbolic play, engagement and regulation (JASPER) is a type of intervention, which falls under this category. Although several studies have examined the effects of JASPER, this has not yet been summarised in a review. This systematic literature review examined the effects of JASPER intervention, and the techniques that make up JASPER, on child, parent and educator outcomes. We screened 96 articles and, of these, 19 were included in the review. Most studies found that children who received JASPER intervention showed significantly greater improvements in at least one outcome related to child joint attention, joint engagement, play skills, and language skills compared to children who did not receive JASPER intervention. Parents and educators were mostly able to use the JASPER techniques. There were no consistent child, parent, teacher or treatment characteristics that influenced the effects of the JASPER intervention. None of the studies met all of the indicators of being a good quality study outlined by the Council of Exceptional Children. Overall, JASPER intervention appears promising in improving child outcomes directly targeted during treatment. More research is needed to determine whether it is also effective in improving a wider range of outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder.
Audit: sonographic report correlation against surgical findings during elective shoulder surgery
Authors: Gallagher Vincent , Buchanan Jamie , Harris Justin , McCrum Carol 
Published: August 2021

Introduction Musculoskeletal diagnostic ultrasound is an expanding clinical tool and increasingly used at point of care in clinical practice. Criticism around the accuracy of this modality is often attributed to operator dependence. This study evaluated the accuracy of a sonographer’s reporting against shoulder surgery. Methods A musculoskeletal sonographer performed same-day ultrasound scans prior to elective shoulder surgery procedures. The sonographer was blinded to clinical history and previous investigations. A brief physical examination of resisted external rotation and resisted abduction strength was performed prior to scanning. Scan results were reported using British Elbow and Shoulder Society (BESS) reporting criteria. The sonographer attended surgery to gain immediate visual feedback. Sonographic reports and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports were graded (1= complete agreement; 2 = minor discrepancy unlikely to alter patient care; 3 = potentially significant discrepancy; 4 = definite, significant discrepancy) against surgical findings. The accuracy of sonographic reporting was correlated with patients’ body mass index (BMI). Results Fifty-four cases were compared and correlations evaluated. Grade 1 (complete agreement) was reported 87.0% ( n =  47), Grade 2 (minor discrepancy) 9.3% (n =  5) and Grade 3 (potentially significant discrepancy) 3.7% (n =  2). Sonographic reports closely correlated (Grade 1 or 2 scores) with surgical findings in 96% of cases. Conclusions The musculoskeletal sonographic reporting had a high correlation with surgery findings. Ultrasound was more accurate than MRI in reporting full thickness rotator cuff tears. Clinical weakness in resisted external rotation or abduction did not correlate with imaging. Ultrasound was found to be unreliable in detecting rotator cuff tears in participants with a BMI ≥ 35.
Biomechanical analysis of single-incision anatomic repair technique for distal biceps tendon rupture using tunneling device
Authors: Qazi Sohail , Regal Steven , Greco Victor , Wroblewski Andrew , Schimoler Patrick J , Miller Mark C , Hammarstedt Jon E 
Published: August 2021

Hypothesis Single-incision biceps tendon repair with an arthrotunneling device has previously been shown to be a safe and effective technique that provides the anatomic restoration of a two-incision approach and a reduced complication profile. This repair provides adequate and comparable fixation to repairs utilizing anchors, buttons, screws, etc., at a lower cost. Material and methods This study utilized 10 cadaveric specimens. Native and repair specimens were cyclically loaded and graft displacement, flexion/extension (FE) and pronation/supination (PS) moment arms at 12.5° to 152.5° (in 5° increments) before and after repair, and maximum load to failure were measured. Results The FE and PS moment arms and overall maximum moment arms were both significantly larger in the repaired case than in the native case (p < 0.01). Moment arms for supinated specimens were significantly greater than neutral specimens, which in turn was greater than pronated specimens (p < 0.01). The maximum load up to 10 mm of repair displacement was 214.5.0 ± 66.6 N and the repair displacement due to 1000 cycles of 50 N was 2.56 ± 2.06 mm. Conclusion The single-incision arthrotunneling technique is a safe and effective repair that recreates the anatomic footprint and biomechanics of the native biceps and has a reduced complication profile compared to a two-incision approach.
A systematic review of historical and current trends in Chagas disease
Authors: Álvarez-Hernández Diego-Abelardo , García-Rodríguez-Arana Rodolfo , Ortiz-Hernández Alejandro , Álvarez-Sánchez Mariana , Wu Meng , Mejia Rojelio , Martínez-Juárez Luis-Alberto , Montoya Alejandra , Gallardo-Rincon Héctor , Vázquez-López Rosalino , Fernández-Presas Ana-María 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Chagas disease (CD) is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. When acquired, the disease develops in stages. For diagnosis, laboratory confirmation is required, and an extensive assessment of the patient’s health should be performed. Treatment consists of the administration of trypanocidal drugs, which may cause severe adverse effects. The objective of our systematic review was to analyze data contained in the CD published case reports to understand the challenges that patients and clinicians face worldwide. Materials and methods: We performed a systematic review following the PRISMA guidance. PubMed database was explored using the terms ‘American trypanosomiasis’ or ‘Chagas disease’. Results were limited to human case reports written in English or Spanish. A total of 258 reports (322 patients) were included in the analysis. Metadata was obtained from each article. Following this, it was analyzed to obtain descriptive measures. Results: From the sample, 56.2% were males and 43.8% were females. Most cases were from endemic countries (85.4%). The most common clinical manifestations were fever during the acute stage (70.0%), dyspnea during the chronic stage in its cardiac form (53.7%), and constipation during the chronic stage in its digestive form (73.7%). Most patients were diagnosed in the chronic stage (72.0%). Treatment was administered in 56.2% of cases. The mortality rate for the acute stage cases was 24.4%, while for the chronic stage this was 28.4%. Discussion: CD is a parasitic disease endemic to Latin America, with increasing importance due to human and vector migration. In this review, we report reasons for delays in diagnosis and treatment, and trends in medical practices. Community awareness must be increased to improve CD’s diagnoses; health professionals should be appropriately trained to detect and treat infected individuals. Furthermore, public health policies are needed to increase the availability of screening and diagnostic tools, trypanocidal drugs, and, eventually, vaccines.
Characteristics of patients who were able to switch from benzodiazepine hypnotics to lemborexant
Authors: Suzuki Hidenobu , Hibino Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2021

Objectives: There is little evidence of insomnia treatment, especially exit strategies for hypnotics. We examined on the characteristics of patients who were able to switch from benzodiazepine hypnotics to lemborexant. Methods: Insomnia was assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale. Efficacy outcome assessment was the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale. Results: Eighty patients switched from benzodiazepine hypnotic monotherapy to lemborexant and 57 patients who continued the use of benzodiazepine hypnotics. The switched group had a significantly lower benzodiazepine hypnotic diazepam equivalent and a significantly shorter dosing period than the continued group ( p < 0.001 for all). The mean Athens Insomnia Scale total score of the switched group was a significant improved (5.8 ± 3.3 to 4.0 ± 3.3; p < 0.05). The mean Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement score of the switched group was 3.3 ± 0.7. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that when administering benzodiazepine hypnotics, shortening the administration period, as much as possible, allows a smooth switch to safe long-term maintenance therapy using lemborexant, without exacerbating insomnia.
A loss of function mutation in the filaggrin gene associated with ichthyosis vulgaris and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Xu Xinxin , Ma Qingqing , Lin Mu , Liu Mubo , Huang Chaolin , Ying Jianchao , Ye Jun 
Published: August 2021

Introduction Mutations in the filaggrin ( FLG) gene are known to cause ichthyosis vulgaris. Methods We used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) technology to investigate the genetic causes of rare and complex inherited diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, ichthyosis, and congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles type 1 (CFEOM1) in a Chinese family. WGS was performed in four topics, and the identified candidate mutations were further verified through Sanger sequencing. Results We identified a mutation in FLG gene (g.152280098 C>A, p.E2422∗) that may be associated with ichthyosis and arthritis. Moreover, a mutation in KIF21A (g.39726207 G>A, p.R954 W) was also determined in affected members as the cause of CFEOM1. The gene interaction network demonstrated an interesting correlation between FLG and genes associated with arthritis and ichthyosis. Functional enrichment analysis of these interacting genes revealed several possible pathways that might be linked to arthritis and ichthyosis. Conclusion In general, we confirmed a loss of function mutation in the FLG gene associated with ichthyosis vulgaris and rheumatoid arthritis in this family.
Involvement of L5-S1 level as an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes after surgical treatment of lumbar pyogenic spondylitis: A multivariate analysis
Authors: Park Sung Cheol , Chang Sam Yeol , Gimm GeunWu , Mok Sujung , Kim Hyoungmin , Chang Bong-Soon , Lee Choon-Ki 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To identify the independent risk factors for adverse outcomes and determine the effect of L5-S1 involvement on the outcome of surgical treatment of lumbar pyogenic spondylitis (PS). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for all consecutive patients who underwent surgery for lumbar PS between November 2004 and June 2020 at a single institution. The patients were divided into two groups based on the outcomes: good and adverse (treatment failure, relapse, or death). Treatment failure was defined as persistent or worsening pain with C-reactive protein (CRP) reduction less than 25% from preoperative measurement or requiring additional debridement. Relapse was defined as the reappearance of symptoms and signs with an elevated white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and CRP after the first period of treatment. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the independent risk factors for adverse outcomes. Results: Twenty-four (21.2%) of the 113 patients were classified as having adverse outcomes: treatment failure, relapse, and death occurred in 15, 7, and 2 patients, respectively. The involvement of L5-S1 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.561, P = 0.004), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection (aOR = 6.870, P = 0.008), polymicrobial infection (aOR = 12.210, P = 0.022), and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI; P = 0.005) were identified as significant risk factors for adverse outcomes. Conclusion: Involvement of L5-S1, MRSA, polymicrobial infection, and CCI were identified as independent risk factors for adverse outcomes after surgical treatment of lumbar PS. Because L5-S1 is anatomically demanding to access anteriorly, judicious access and thorough debridement are recommended in patients requiring anterior debridement of L5-S1.
Acute Angle-Closure Crisis Secondary to Topiramate-Induced Ciliochoroidal Effusion With Underlying Plateau Iris Configuration
Authors: Shen Steven R. , Boese Erin A. , Clark Courtney P. , Man Xiaofei , Nika Melisa , Moroi Sayoko E. 
Published: August 2021

Objective: The development of ciliochoroidal effusions and secondary acute angle-closure crisis (AACC) is an uncommon side effect of topiramate, a common antiepileptic now FDA-approved for migraine prophylaxis. The mechanisms that underlie the development of ciliochoroidal effusions after topiramate use remain unclear. Materials and Methods: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was also performed in all participants after stopping topiramate. Results: Six patient cases are presented with medication-induced AACC following the initiation or escalation of topiramate. Ciliochoroidal effusions were confirmed by gray-scale sonography in all patients at presentation. The images revealed either plateau iris configuration or atypical plateau iris configuration. Plateau iris configuration is defined by presence of an anteriorly rotated ciliary body processes and an absent posterior sulcus. Atypical plateau iris configuration refers to when the iris inserts directly into the ciliary body face. This case series, of medication-induced angle-closure crisis, suggests that plateau iris configuration is a shared anatomical feature in the development of topiramate-induced ciliochoroidal effusions.
Multi-locus genome-wide association mapping for spike-related traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Malik Parveen , Kumar Jitendra , Sharma Shiveta , Sharma Rajiv , Sharma Shailendra 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal food crops for the global population. Spike-layer uniformity (the consistency of the spike distribution in the vertical space)-related traits (SLURTs) are quantitative and have been shown to directly affect yield potential by modifying the plant architecture. Therefore, these parameters are important breeding targets for wheat improvement. The present study is the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) targeting SLURTs in wheat. In this study, a set of 225 diverse spring wheat accessions were used for multi-locus GWAS to evaluate SLURTs, including the number of spikes per plant (NSPP), spike length (SL), number of spikelets per spike (NSPS), grain weight per spike (GWPS), lowest tiller height (LTH), spike-layer thickness (SLT), spike-layer number (SLN) and spike-layer uniformity (SLU).

Results
In total, 136 significant marker trait associations (MTAs) were identified when the analysis was both performed individually and combined for two environments. Twenty-nine MTAs were detected in environment one, 48 MTAs were discovered in environment two and 59 MTAs were detected using combined data from the two environments. Altogether, 15 significant MTAs were found for five traits in one of the two environments, and four significant MTAs were detected for the two traits, LTH and SLU, in both environments i.e. E1, E2 and also in combined data from the two environments. In total, 279 candidate genes (CGs) were identified, including Chaperone DnaJ, ABC transporter-like, AP2/ERF, SWEET sugar transporter, as well as genes that have previously been associated with wheat spike development, seed development and grain yield.

Conclusions
The MTAs detected through multi-locus GWAS will be useful for improving SLURTs and thus yield in wheat production through marker-assisted and genomic selection.
QTL mapping for starch paste viscosity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using chromosome segment substitution lines derived from two sequenced cultivars with the same Wx allele
Authors: Zhao Ling , Zhao Chunfang , Zhou Lihui , Zhao Qingyong , Zhu Zhen , Chen Tao , Yao Shu , Zhang Yadong , Wang Cailin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The eating and cooking qualities (ECQs) of rice (Oryza sativa L.) are key characteristics affecting variety adoption and market value. Starch viscosity profiles tested by a rapid visco analyzer (RVA) offer a direct measure of ECQs and represent the changes in viscosity associated with starch gelatinization. RVA profiles of rice are controlled by a complex genetic system and are also affected by the environment. Although Waxy (Wx) is the major gene controlling amylose content (AC) and ECQs, there are still other unknown genetic factors that affect ECQs.

Results
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for starch paste viscosity in rice were analyzed using chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) developed from the two cultivars 9311 and Nipponbare, which have same Wx-b allele. Thus, the effect of the major locus Wx was eliminated and the other locus associated with the RVA profile could be identified. QTLs for seven parameters of the starch RVA profile were tested over four years in Nanjing, China. A total of 310 QTLs were identified (from 1 to 55 QTLs per trait) and 136 QTLs were identified in more than one year. Among them, 6 QTLs were stalely detected in four years and 26 QTLs were detected in at least three years including 13 pleiotropic loci, controlling 2 to 6 RVA properties simultaneously. These stable QTL hotspots were co-located with several known starch synthesis-related genes (SSRGs). Sequence alignments showed that nucleotide and amino acid sequences of most SSRGs were different between the two parents. Finally, we detected stable QTLs associated with multiple starch viscosity traits near Wx itself, supporting the notion that additional QTLs near Wx control multiple characteristic values of starch viscosity.

Conclusions
By eliminating the contribution from the major locus Wx, multiple QTLs associated with the RVA profile of rice were identified, several of which were stably detected over four years. The complexity of the genetic basis of rice starch viscosity traits might be due to their pleiotropic effects and the multiple QTL hot spots. Minor QTLs controlling starch viscosity traits were identified by using the chromosome segment substitution strategy. Allele polymorphism might be the reason that QTLs controlling RVA profile characteristics were detected in some known SSRG regions.