bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial evaluation of an AI‐augmented progress monitoring and outcome assessment
Authors: Meier Scott T. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeMost mental health providers have yet to adopt progress monitoring and outcome assessment (PMOA) measures. Although a variety of explanations have been proposed in the literature, a key reason is the burden of time and effort necessary for clients and clinicians to complete, interpret and apply the results of PMOA measures. This evaluation explores the feasibility and initial results of employing ChatGPT to analyse clinicians' unstructured session progress notes for PMOA.MethodsUsing a simulated patient with 17 trainee therapists, the study examined whether artificial intelligence (AI) can assist in generating thematic summaries relevant to clinical progress and outcomes. Therapists' session summaries were combined to evaluate the continuation of key clinical themes across four sessions for a simulated patient. Trainees also provided brief quantitative ratings per session about the patient's working alliance, negative affect (NA), avoidance of NA and levels of distress.ResultsAI‐generated results found a (a) persistent focus across sessions regarding the patient's relationship issues with an abusive caretaker, reluctance to disclose and avoidance of NA, and (b) substantial convergence between human‐generated and AI‐generated thematic summaries.DiscussionOverall, the use of AI to analyse clinical progress notes appears feasible and psychometrically sound. By minimising resources needed by patients and clinicians to produce clinically relevant data, an AI‐augmented approach can reduce a major obstacle to clinicians' adoption of PMOA measures for feedback purposes.
Case conceptualisations used by psychodynamic psychotherapists seeking insurance reimbursement in Germany
Authors: Singer Susanne , Blanck Julian , Böhme Ramona , Dotzauer Lena 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsThis study investigated which working models psychodynamic psychotherapists use to conceptualise their approach to working with individual patients.MethodsWe randomly selected 1000 samples from a larger pool of reimbursement applications clinicians submitted to health insurance providers. From these, we extracted whether one or more of the following theories were used: drive theory, object relations theory, Winnicott's, Bion's and attachment theory. We also tracked whether the concepts of the unconscious, the super‐ego and regression appeared.ResultsThe most frequently used theory was object relations theory, followed by drive theory. The concepts developed by Bion and Winnicott were rarely used. The following concepts did not appear in any of the reports: reverie, alpha‐function, beta‐elements and pathological organisation. A fifth of the reports did not mention any of the concepts investigated. Therapists trained in psychoanalysis used drive theory, object relations theory, Bion's theory and regression more often than those trained in low‐frequency psychodynamic psychotherapy.ConclusionsWe conclude that case conceptualisations for psychodynamic therapies with adult patients nowadays most frequently cite the use of object relations theory and drive theory, whereas Bion's and Winnicott's concepts are rarely explicitly mentioned. On average, therapists trained in psychoanalysis use more theories than those with psychodynamic training.
“Let's Make the Difference!” Promoting Hate Counter‐Speech in Adolescence Through Empathy and Digital Intergroup Contact
Authors: Sportelli Carmela , Cicirelli Paolo Giovanni , Paciello Marinella , Corbelli Giuseppe , D'Errico Francesca 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntergroup contact interventions have been mostly used to foster empathy, promote positive relations, and reduce prejudice and discrimination. However, less is known about the potential of intergroup contact, especially digital, in interventions designed to hinder hate speech and promote counter‐speech. Counter‐speech can be defined as a direct response to hate speech, aimed at refuting or undermining it. This study argues that the quality of intergroup contact may foster counter‐speech responses through empathy for hate speech victims. For this purpose, an ad hoc conversational storytelling web‐app module, named “Let's Make the Difference!”, was developed and administered to a sample of 433 Italian adolescents (278 in the experimental group and 155 in the control group, Mage = 14.33). Through the web‐app, adolescents engaged in a chat with an outgroup avatar, inducing digital intergroup contact. Results show a significant increase in counter‐speech intentions between the pre‐test and post‐test in the experimental condition, unlike in the control group. Moreover, in line with our hypotheses, the quality of contact induced with the conversational agent increased empathy toward the victim, which in turn increased the intention to counter hate speech in the intervention group. In light of these results on digital contact, both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Coronary Plaque Characteristics Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography and Plasma Lipoprotein(a) Levels in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Di Muro Francesca Maria , Crociani Maria Federica , Nardi Giulia , Ciardetti Niccolo' , Biagiotti Lucrezia , Bigi Elisa , Meucci Francesco , Stolcova Miroslava , Ristalli Francesca , Cecchi Emanuele , Muraca Iacopo , Valenti Renato , Di Mario Carlo , Mattesini Alessio 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, but its influence on plaque characteristics at optical coherence tomography (OCT) evaluation is not fully understood.AimsThis study seeks to explore the impact of Lp(a) levels on plaque morphology as assessed by OCT in a very high‐risk subset of patients.MethodsConsecutive patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and undergoing OCT‐guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at a large tertiary care center between 2019 and 2022 were deemed eligible for the current analysis. The overall population was categorized into two subgroups according to baseline Lp(a) levels: (1) lower Lp(a) (Lp(a) ≤ 300 mg/L) and (2) elevated Lp(a) (Lp(a)  300 mg/L). Predictors of lipid‐rich plaques were identified using multivariable logistic regression with stepwise selection of candidate covariates.ResultsA total of 202 patients were included in this study. OCT findings revealed that patients with elevated Lp(a) had a higher prevalence of lipid‐rich plaques, a significantly greater mean lipid arc, along with increased macrophage infiltration and thin‐cap fibroatheroma (TCFA). In contrast, calcific plaque prevalence was higher in the lower Lp(a) group. Multivariable regression analysis identified low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 70 mg/dL, and elevated Lp(a) as strong predictors of lipid‐rich plaques at OCT.ConclusionIn this observational study including ACS patients undergoing OCT‐guided PCI, those with elevated Lp(a) levels exhibited a higher prevalence of lipid‐rich plaques, increased macrophage infiltration, and TCFA, thereby indicating a more vulnerable plaque phenotype. Additionally, elevated Lp(a) levels and LDL‐C levels ≥ 70 mg/dL were each independently associated with lipid enrichment of coronary plaques. These findings suggest Lp(a), beyond other well‐known risk factors, as a key marker for risk stratification, potentially informing optimal medical management strategies.
Comparing Real‐World Outcomes of Catheter‐Directed Thrombolysis and Catheter‐Based Thrombectomy in Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Post PEERLESS Analysis
Authors: Zhang Robert S. , Zhang Peter , Yuriditsky Eugene , Taslakian Bedros , Rhee Aaron J. , Greco Allison A. , Elbaum Lindsay , Mukherjee Vikramjit , Postelnicu Radu , Amoroso Nancy E. , Maldonado Thomas S. , Alviar Carlos L. , Horowitz James M. , Bangalore Sripal 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe recently published PEERLESS trial compared catheter‐directed thrombolysis (CDT) and catheter‐based thrombectomy (CBT) in acute pulmonary embolism (PE). However, it included a low proportion of patients with contraindications to thrombolytic therapy (4.4%), leaving uncertainty about how CDT would perform relative to CBT in a real‐world cohort with higher bleeding risk.AimsThis study aims to address this gap by comparing real‐world outcomes of CDT and CBT in patients with acute PE.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included patients who underwent CDT and CBT at two tertiary care centers from January 2020 to January 2024. The primary outcome was a composite of 30‐day mortality, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or hemodynamic decompensation. Secondary outcomes included major bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to adjust for baseline variables.ResultsA total of 162 (mean age 58 years, 45.7% women, 17.3% high‐risk, 28% contraindication to lytics, 28% CDT, 72% CBT) patients were included, with 12.4% patients experiencing the primary outcome. There was no difference in the rates of the primary outcome between CBT versus CDT (11.2% vs. 15.2%, IPTW HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.27–2.38, p = 0.69). CBT was associated with a lower risk of hemodynamic decompensation (5% vs. 21.7%, p = 0.036), major bleeding (7.8% vs. 17.4%, IPTW HR 0.26; 95% CI: 0.07–0.95, p = 0.042) and ICH (0 vs. 4.3%, p = 0.024) compared to CDT.ConclusionAmong a real‐world cohort of patients with acute PE with higher bleeding risk than PEERLESS undergoing catheter‐based therapies, CBT was associated with a lower rate of hemodynamic deterioration, major bleeding, and ICH with similar rate of primary composite outcome when compared with CDT. Additional randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Methanol Production from Aqueous Paraformaldehyde and Mechanistic Study
Authors: Patra Soumyadip , Kharde Tushar A. , Kalita Khanindra , Singh Sanjay K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA series of water‐soluble arene‐Ru(II) complexes, [(η6‐p‐cymene)RuCl(L)]+Cl‒ ([Ru]‐7 – [Ru]‐12) (L = substituted bis‐imidazole methane) exhibited efficient and selective methanol production from paraformaldehyde in water. The findings inferred a crucial role of the ligand in tuning the catalytic performance. A pH‐dependent behavior of this series of catalysts was observed, where the amount of base was influential in methanol production from paraformaldehyde. The catalyst [Ru]‐7 (L1 = 4,4′‐((2‐hydroxyphenyl)methylene)bis(2‐ethyl‐5‐methyl‐1H‐imidazole) was the most efficient among the explored catalysts giving a turnover number (TON) of 1200 at 90 °C. A mechanistic cycle has also been proposed for the catalytic reaction based on the mass and NMR investigations including those using deuterium‐labelled molecules.
Enhanced Catalytic Activity of LaMnO₃ Perovskite Toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction Using Oxygen‐Vacancy Engineering
Authors: Wan Ke , Li Zhi , Sun Yangfan , Zhang Xin , Fang Jiayi , Li Qingshan , Sun Yuanna , Miao He 
Published: December 2024

AbstractZinc‐air batteries (ZABs) have garnered significant attention due to their high theoretical energy density, safety, and environmental sustainability. However, the slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics at the cathode remains a major challenge for improving ZAB performances. In this study, ABO3‐type perovskite transition metal oxides, particularly LaMnO3, are explored as potential nonprecious metal catalysts to address these limitations. In this work, the LaMnO3 catalyst was prepared using the sol‐gel method, and oxygen vacancies were introduced through a novel carbon reduction approach using conductive carbon black as the reducing agent. The catalyst was reduced at different temperatures to optimize its ORR activity. The 500 °C‐reduced sample (LMOC‐500) shows the superior catalytic performances, achieving an onset potential of 0.937 V versus RHE and a half‐wave potential of 0.824 V versus RHE. The optimized material also exhibited excellent stability in long‐term discharge tests in ZAB applications, demonstrating its potential application as the ORR catalyst for ZABs.
Recent Progress in Atomically Precise Cu−M Alloy Nanoclusters
Authors: Zhang Lai‐Ping , Fang Jun‐Jie , Liu Zheng , Xie Yun‐Peng , Lu Xing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMetal nanoclusters (NCs) with dimensions of approximately 3 nm serve as a crucial link between metal‐organic complexes and metal nanoparticles, garnering significant interest due to their distinctive molecule‐like characteristics. These include well‐defined molecular structures, clear HOMO–LUMO transitions, quantized charge, and robust luminescence emission. Atomically precise alloy NCs, in contrast to homometallic NCs, exhibit a wealth of structures and intriguing properties, with their novel attributes often intricately tied to the positions of alloyed elements within the structure, facilitating the exploration of structure‐property relationships. A notable subgroup within this category comprises Cu−M (where M represents metals such as Au, Ag, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Zn, Al etc.) alloy NCs. In this review, we initially outline recent advancements in the development of efficient synthetic techniques for Cu−M alloy NCs, emphasizing the underlying physical and chemical properties that enable precise control over their sizes and surface characteristics. Subsequently, we delve into recent progress in structural elucidation techniques for Cu−M alloy NCs. This structural insight is instrumental in comprehensively understanding the structure‐property correlations at the molecular level. Finally, we showcase various examples of Cu−M alloy NCs to illustrate their photoluminescent and catalytic properties, shedding light on their diverse functionalities and potential applications.
Corporate governance and the early disclosure of systematic risk
Authors: Isiaka Abiodun S. , Mbagwu Chima 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMotivated by the need to understand firm characteristics associated with the disclosure of unexpected and unusual systematic risks, caused by events over which managers have little control, we examine the association between corporate governance and the early disclosure of such risks. We use the case of the global pandemic, COVID‐19 as an example of such risk. The results suggest that firms with weaker corporate governance, are more likely to disclose coronavirus risk early after controlling for firm performance. These findings are robust to alternative measures for the disclosure of coronavirus risk and to alternative model specifications.
Review of Florian Bekkers' Paper “Is Transformative Dialog a Possible and Justifiable Intervention for Resolving Intractable Conflicts?”
Authors: Rothman Jay 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper makes a significant contribution to conflict engagement theory by examining transformative dialog in addressing what is variously called “deeply rooted,” “identity‐based,” “intransigent” or “intractable” conflict. While the term “intractable” may unfortunately suggest that addressing such conflicts creatively is almost impossible, creative engagement remains essential even if complete resolution is not realistic, particularly in today's increasingly complex global landscape. The paper offers both theoretical depth and practical guidance for practitioners working in the challenging terrain of identity‐based conflicts, where traditional conflict resolution approaches often fail to achieve meaningful progress. Its examination of transformative dialog provides valuable insights for both scholars and practitioners in the field.
Transcoronary study of biomarkers in patients with heart failure: Insights into intracardiac production
Authors: Ren Jie , Zhao Junhan , Yang Shengwen , An Shuoyan , Cai Chi , Wang Jing , Gu Min , Niu Hongxia , Li Shurong , Hua Wei , Gao Beiyao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsBiomarkers are pivotal in the management of heart failure (HF); however, their lack of cardiac specificity could limit clinical utility. This study aimed to investigate the transcoronary changes and intracardiac production of these biomarkers.MethodsTranscoronary gradients for B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and five novel biomarkers—galectin‐3 (Gal‐3), soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 (sST2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP‐1), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF‐15) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)—were determined using femoral artery (FA) and coronary sinus (CS) samples from 30 HF patients and 10 non‐HF controls. Intracardiac biomarker production was assessed in an HF canine model using real‐time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blot (WB) analysis.ResultsCompared with the control group, levels of all detected biomarkers were significantly elevated in the HF group, while transcoronary gradients were only observed for BNP, Gal‐3 and TIMP‐1 levels in the HF group (BNP: FA: 841.5 ± 727.2 ng/mL vs. CS: 1132.0 ± 959.1 ng/mL, P = 0.005; Gal‐3: FA: 9.5 ± 3.0 ng/mL vs. CS: 19.7 ± 16.4 ng/mL, P = 0.002; and TIMP‐1: FA: 286.7 ± 68.9 ng/mL vs. CS: 377.3 ± 108.9 ng/mL, P = 0.001). Real‐time qPCR and WB analysis revealed significant elevation of BNP, Gal‐3 and TIMP‐1 in the cardiac tissues of the HF group relative to other groups.ConclusionsThis study provided evidence of transcoronary changes in BNP, Gal‐3 and TIMP‐1 levels in HF patients, offering insights into their intracardiac production. These findings enhance the understanding of the biology of these biomarkers and may inform their clinical application.
Seismic Drift Estimates of Corroded Piers: A Multihazard Approach Utilizing 3D‐IDA Analysis With Time Stamps Considering Climate Change Effects
Authors: Al Hawarneh Alaa , Alam M. Shahria , Pantazopoulou Stavroula J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe compounding effect of seismicity, exposure to corrosion, and climate change in regions such as North America pose significant challenges for bridge design engineers, as the multihazards impact on the seismic performance of bridge structural systems remains underexplored. While drift ratio is the most widely used parameter in probabilistic seismic demand assessment, existing models predominantly concentrate on seismic intensity levels, overlooking the increase in demand and the reduced deformation capacity, both being affected by corrosion‐induced damage and climate change. Therefore, developing an evaluation framework for the multihazard seismic vulnerability of deficient bridges is an emerging priority in the field. To address this need, a methodology is proposed here that uses data collected from field inspections to quantify the accumulation of historic corrosion damage and forecast future corrosion propagation. Climate change scenarios derived from future climate forecast models are used to project the temperature and relative humidity changes up to the year 2100; the rate of reinforcement corrosion is quantified based on these scenarios. Utilizing incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) across a projected timeline, expressions are derived for the time evolution of drift demand in existing reinforced concrete circular piers over the lifetime of the bridge. By using these results, drift demand expressions are derived for different climate change scenarios. The influence of design parameters (e.g., concrete cover, chloride diffusion coefficient, and aging factor) on the drift demands is evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation. The proposed expressions serve as a benchmark for bridge engineers to study the seismic performance of bridge structures in multihazard environments.
Evolution of Multifunctional Cotton Fabric as the Flame Retardant/Crease Proof/Microbial Resistant Blended With Green Synthesised TiO2 Nanoparticles Coatings
Authors: Kapoor Karan , Godara Sachin Kumar , Singh Veer , Kaur Anupreet 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this work, green synthesised TiO2 nanoparticles' coating was used to improve the fire safety and antibacterial property of 100% cotton fabric. In the first stage, Aloe vera extract was prepared, and subsequently used in the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles. The average size of these as‐synthesised TiO2 nanoparticles was confirmed to be 16 nm using DLS (dynamic light scattering). Further, XRD (X‐ray diffraction) patterns confirmed the successful synthesis of nanoparticles. The vibrational photon of TiO2 was represented by peaks in the FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) spectrum between 450 and 800 cm−1. Subsequently, in an attempt to establish the flame retardant/crease proof/microbial resistant properties of the as‐synthesised TiO2 nanoparticles, the TiO2 NPs coated cotton fabric was used for the investigations. Based on the investigations, the bending length (measure of fabric stiffness) value of the coated fabric (%) increased from 2.4 cm (uncoated fabric) to 3.71 cm (at 20% TiO2 coating). Also, the crease recovery angle value increased from 71.8 (uncoated fabric) to 98.6 (20% TiO2 coating), respectively. A vertical flammability test revealed that the burning time decreased from 13.31 s (0%) to 10.84 s (20%), confirming a fire‐retardant trait of green synthesised TiO2 nanoparticle coated fabric. Additionally, the disc diffusion method confirmed that the treated coated fabrics exhibit antibacterial properties against both gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacterial cultures: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This study provides an environmentally benign route for producing versatile cotton fabric blended with bioinspired TiO2 NPs possessing improved flame resistance as well as antibacterial attributes.
A Non‐Dissipative, Energy‐Conserving, Arbitrary High‐Order Numerical Method and Its Efficient Implementation for Incompressible Flow Simulation in Complex Geometries
Authors: Anantharamu Sreevatsa , Mahesh Krishnan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn the inviscid limit, the energy of a velocity field satisfying the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations is conserved. Non‐dissipative numerical methods that discretely mimic this energy conservation feature have been demonstrated in the literature to be extremely valuable for robust and accurate large‐eddy simulations of high Reynolds number incompressible turbulent flows. For complex geometries, such numerical methods have been traditionally developed using the finite volume framework and they have been at best second‐order accurate. This paper proposes a non‐dissipative and energy‐conserving numerical method that is arbitrary high‐order accurate for triangle/tetrahedral meshes along with its efficient implementation. The proposed method is a Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method. The crucial ingredients of the numerical method that lead to the discretely non‐dissipative and energy‐conserving features are: (i) The tangential velocity on the interior faces, just for the convective term, is set using the non‐dissipative central scheme and the normal velocity is enforced to be continuous, that is, (div)‐conforming. (ii) An exactly (pointwise) divergence‐free basis is used in each element of the mesh for the stability of the convective discretization. (iii) The combination of velocity, pressure, and velocity gradient spaces is carefully chosen to avoid using stabilization which would introduce numerical dissipation. The implementation description details our choice of the orthonormal and degree‐ordered basis for each quantity and the efficient local and global problem solution using them. Numerical experiments demonstrating the various features of the proposed method are presented. The features of this HDG method make it ideal for high‐order LES of incompressible flows in complex geometries.