bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of the Malaysian Guidelines for Pre-operative COVID-19 Screening in ORL Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery
Authors: Salahuddin Nor Azirah , Md Arepen Siti Asmat , Hitam Shahrul , Hassan Eyzawiah 
Published: May 2021

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a devastating global pandemic affecting many countries worldwide. It has a huge impact on the country’s healthcare system as well as its socio-economic wellbeing. Majority of elective surgery was deferred in order to provide beds, resources and treat COVID-19 cases. Resumption of elective surgery requires a well-planned process and adherence to standard guidelines to protect both the healthcare providers and patients. Pre-operative COVID-19 screening will be one of the new norms for patients undergoing surgery. This study was aimed to evaluate the pre-operative COVID-19 screening for elective surgery among Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) patients in Hospital Ampang based on the current Malaysian guidelines for undertaking surgery during COVID-19 pandemic and highlight the screening protocols implemented by the Ministry of Health. This retrospective review was conducted in ORL Department, Hospital Ampang. We reviewed the surgical registry of 117 patients who underwent elective surgeries under general anaesthesia from June till September 2020. There were 62 patients (53%) below 18 years old and 55 patients (47%) above 18 years old. There were 76 cases (65%) involving aerosol-generating procedures. A total of 23 patients (19.7%) had COVID-19 screening done pre-operatively based on the Malaysian guidelines patient selection and all results were negative. None of the patients experienced any symptoms, complications or morbidities related to SARS-CoV-2 infection post-operatively. The Malaysian guideline on pre-operative screening for COVID-19 is applicable for institutions with low to moderate local transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Targeted group or risk-based protocols are beneficial for improving cost-effectiveness and reducing workload burden during the critical period. As the pandemic evolved, the guidelines have to be revised based on the prevailing situation to suit the best clinical practice for the benefit of patients and healthcare personnel without disrupting the surgical services.
Corporate library’s staff. Functions and competences
Authors: Romanova E. S. 
Published: May 2021

The author clarifies the corporate library’s definition, specifies its particular qualities and distinctive features. She reviews the issues of education, competences, and advanced training of corporate library staff.The corporate libraries (during the Soviet era they were sci-tech units and trade-union libraries of organizations) are affiliated by both governmental and commercial organizations. As a result of cost optimization, the number of technical libraries decreased, while the trade union libraries completely ceased to exist. However, in every epoch, the mission of institutional or corporate library to satisfy the information needs and demands of workers and their on-the-job training. The collections of corporate libraries comprise digital resources, books, unpublished documents, periodicals and other information sources demanded by the corporate community.In fact, globally, the corporate libraries are the special libraries affiliated by companies and institutions, their units fulfilling information, cultural and educational functions and contributing to corporate efficiency improvement. In Russian library science, the corporate libraries have remained understudied; they are not represented in the Russian Library Association (RLA) or the National Library Bibliographic Classification (LBC). Meanwhile, in foreign countries, the corporate libraries have been well-established institutions with their specific features widely recognized. The author examines the problems the corporate library structure, efficiency and functionality, as well as the competences of staff, their education and experience.The competences and high qualification of corporate specialists enable them to meet information needs of corporate professionals immediately, completely and relevantly and to support strategic decisions. The author specifies the key competencies that contribute to the efficiency of corporate libraries.
Associação entre a ingestão inadequada de micronutrientes antioxidantes e concentrações lipídicas de adolescentes no Brasil
Authors: Sousa Claudiane Batista de , Teles Laísla de França da Silva , Beserra Jéssica Batista , Carvalho Layonne de Sousa , Paz Suzana Maria Rebelo Sampaio da , Santos Marize Melo dos 
Published: May 2021

Investigou-se a associação entre a ingestão inadequada de micronutrientes antioxidantes e concentrações lipídicas de adolescentes participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes. Estudo transversal, multicêntrico, de base escolar, realizado em 2013 e 2014, com 36.918 adolescentes de 12 a 17 anos, de escolas públicas e privadas, em municípios brasileiros com mais de 100 mil habitantes. Foram calculadas frequências de participação (elegíveis) por macrorregiões, sexo, idade e tipo de escola. Obtiveram-se dados de consumo alimentar por meio de Recordatório Alimentar de 24 horas e analisadas as médias de ingestão. Realizou-se avaliação bioquímica com exames CT, HDL-c, TG e LDL-c. Analisou-se os dados pelo software Stata®, versão 15.1 e Intervalo de confiança de 95%. Utilizou-se teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e a regressão múltipla para estimar o Odds Ratio (OR) e medir a força de associação entre as variáveis, com significância de 5%. A ingestão inadequada de vitamina E associou-se ao LDL-c elevado em adolescentes de 12 a 14 anos e hipertrigliceridemia em meninos de 15 a 17 anos de escolas públicas. A vitamina B12 relacionou-se com baixos níveis de HDL-c e LDL-c elevado em meninos de 12 a 14 anos de escolas públicas e com menor chance de hipertrigliceridemia naqueles de 15 a 17 anos. A inadequação do manganês associou-se ao baixo HDL-c e LDL-c elevado em meninas de 15 a 17. Em conclusão, foram encontradas associações entre o consumo inadequado das vitaminas E, B12 e Manganês e o perfil lipídico da população estudada.
Snack extrusado a base de arroz com Spirulina platensis e farinha mista de subprodutos de laranja e palmito pupunha
Authors: Melo Grasieli Beloni de , Farago Crislaine Vieira , Escher Graziela Bragueto , Granato Daniel , Bolanho Beatriz Cervejeira , Danesi Eliane Dalva Godoy 
Published: May 2021

Alimentos tipo snacks obtidos por extrusão podem ser adicionados de subprodutos agroindustriais, alternativa de baixo custo para incrementar o valor nutricional, e Spirulina platensis (SP) fonte de proteínas e antioxidantes. Neste estudo foram desenvolvidos snacks, usando delineamento experimental 2² onde se testou as variáveis SP (S. platensis) - 2,5 a 7,5 g.100 g-1 e umidade de alimentação (U) - 18 a 26 g.100 g-1. As formulações continham farinha de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) (72,5 a 77,5 g.100 g-1) e 20 g.100 g-1 da mistura de farinha de subprodutos de laranja (FL) (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) e de palmito pupunha (FP) (Bactris gasipaes) (1:1). Os snacks foram avaliados quanto aos parâmetros nutricionais, tecnológicos e sensoriais. Verificou-se que a SP aumentou o teor de proteínas e antioxidante das formulações. Quando comparados a um produto comercial similar, os snacks continham de 15-48 % mais proteínas, e 320-380 % a mais de fibras alimentares. O aumento de SP, elevou em mais de 1000% a atividade antioxidante dos snacks. Nas condições testadas a densidade aparente foi diretamente proporcional à U, enquanto, dureza e crocância foram inversamente proporcionais. No entanto, as variáveis SP e U não interferiram nos índices de expansão, solubilidade em água, absorção de água e absorção de óleo. As maiores aceitações sensoriais, de 72 e 73%, ocorreram em condição de maior incorporação de SP. Assim, mostrou-se a possibilidade de elaboração de snacks sem glúten com valor nutricional superior aos similares comercializados, para consumidores atentos à dieta mais saudável, além de alternativa de aproveitamento de subprodutos.
Riesgos psicosociales: Análisis sociodemográfico y sociolaboral en una universidad privada ecuatoriana
Authors: Ramírez-Ocaña Ximena Alexandra , Zumárraga-Espinosa Marcos , Segovia-Marín Johanna Valeria , Lima-Acosta Edith Evelyn , Pillajo-Salcedo Guillermo Marcelo 
Published: May 2021

Las condiciones actuales de trabajo demandan mayor énfasis en el estudio de los riesgos psicosociales laborales. La presente investigación evalúa dichos riesgos a partir de una muestra conformada por 559 docentes y administrativos de una universidad privada ecuatoriana, con el objetivo de indagar sobre las especificidades de los factores de riesgo psicosocial en relación con las variables sociodemográficas y sociolaborales, para proponer un perfil de riesgo psicosocial. El instrumento utilizado fue F-PSICO 3.1 y posteriormente a través de regresiones logísticas se analizó el efecto de dichas variables para identificar posibles factores de riesgo o de protección. Los hallazgos evidencian que la exposición desfavorable a factores de riesgo psicosocial se incrementa en el personal que tiene ciertas características como: ser docente, con jornada de tiempo completo, ser menor de 35 años, contar con menos de 5 años de antigüedad en la institución y ser mujer. A modo de conclusión, al menos el 25% del personal percibe alguno de los factores psicosociales evaluados de una manera desfavorable.
Intra-Abdominal Lipopolysaccharide Clearance and Inactivation in Peritonitis: Key Roles for Lipoproteins and the Phospholipid Transfer Protein
Authors: Nguyen Maxime , Pallot Gaëtan , Jalil Antoine , Tavernier Annabelle , Dusuel Aloïs , Le Guern Naig , Lagrost Laurent , Pais de Barros Jean-Paul , Choubley Hélène , Bergas Victoria , Guinot Pierre-Grégoire , Masson David , Bouhemad Belaid , Gautier Thomas 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionDuring peritonitis, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) cross the peritoneum and pass through the liver before reaching the central compartment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of lipoproteins and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) in the early stages of LPS detoxification.Material and MethodsPeritonitis was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of LPS in mice. We analyzed peritoneal fluid, portal and central blood. Lipoprotein fractions were obtained by ultracentrifugation and fast protein liquid chromatography. LPS concentration and activity were measured by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and limulus amoebocyte lysate. Wild-type mice were compared to mice knocked out for PLTP.ResultsIn mice expressing PLTP, LPS was able to bind to HDL in the peritoneal compartment, and this was maintained in plasma from portal and central blood. A hepatic first-pass effect of HDL-bound LPS was observed in wild-type mice. LPS binding to HDL resulted in an early arrival of inactive LPS in the central blood of wild-type mice.ConclusionPLTP promotes LPS peritoneal clearance and neutralization in a model of peritonitis. This mechanism involves the early binding of LPS to lipoproteins inside the peritoneal cavity, which promotes LPS translocation through the peritoneum and its uptake by the liver.
Circulating Type I Interferon Levels and COVID-19 Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: da Silva Rafaela Pires , Gonçalves João Ismael Budelon , Zanin Rafael Fernandes , Schuch Felipe Barreto , de Souza Ana Paula Duarte 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations and outcomes. Laboratory and immunological alterations have been considered as potential markers of disease severity and clinical evolution. Type I interferons (IFN-I), mainly represented by IFN-α and β, are a group of cytokines with an important function in antiviral responses and have played a complex role in COVID-19. Some studies have demonstrated that IFN-I levels and interferon response is elevated in mild cases, while other studies have noted this in severe cases. The involvement of IFN-I on the pathogenesis and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear. In this study, we summarize the available evidence of the association of plasma protein levels of type I IFN with the severity of COVID-19.MethodsThe PRISMA checklist guided the reporting of the data. A systematic search of the MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science databases was performed up to March of 2021, looking for articles that evaluated plasma protein levels of IFN-I in mild, severe, or critical COVID-19 patients. Comparative meta-analyses with random effects were performed to compare the standardized mean differences in plasma protein levels of IFN-I of mild versus severe and mild versus critical patients. Meta-regressions were performed to test the moderating role of age, sex, time that the IFN-I was measured, and limit of detection of the assay used in the difference between the means.ResultsThere was no significant difference in plasma levels of IFN-α when comparing between mild and severe patients (SMD = -0.236, 95% CI -0.645 to 0.173, p = 0.258, I2 = 82.11), nor when comparing between patients mild and critical (SMD = 0.203, 95% CI -0.363 to 0.770, p = 0.481, I2 = 64.06). However, there was a significant difference between healthy individuals and patients with mild disease (SMD = 0.447, 95% CI 0.085 to 0.810, p = 0.016, I2 = 62.89).ConclusionsPeripheral IFN-α cannot be used as a severity marker as it does not determine the clinical status presented by COVID-19 patients.
Clinical and Laboratory Findings of COVID-19 in High-Altitude Inhabitants of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdelsalam Mostafa , Althaqafi Raad M. M. , Assiri Sara A. , Althagafi Taghreed M. , Althagafi Saleh M. , Fouda Ahmed Y. , Ramadan Ahmed , Rabah Mohammed , Ahmed Reham M. , Ibrahim Zein S. , Nemenqani Dalal M. , Alghamdi Ahmed N. , Al Aboud Daifullah , Abdel-Moneim Ahmed S. , Alsulaimani Adnan A. 
Published: May 2021

Background: SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, continues to cause a worldwide pandemic, with more than 147 million being affected globally as of this writing. People's responses to COVID-19 range from asymptomatic to severe, and the disease is sometimes fatal. Its severity is affected by different factors and comorbidities of the infected patients. Living at a high altitude could be another factor that affects the severity of the disease in infected patients.Methods: In the present study, we have analyzed the clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings of COVID-19-infected patients in Taif, a high-altitude region of Saudi Arabia. In addition, we compared matched diseased subjects to those living at sea level. We hypothesized that people living in high-altitude locations are prone to develop a more severe form of COVID-19 than those living at sea level.Results: Age and a high Charlson comorbidity score were associated with increased numbers of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and mortality among COVID-19 patients. These ICU admissions and fatalities were found mainly in patients with comorbidities. Rates of leukocytosis, neutrophilia, higher D-dimer, ferritin, and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher in ICU patients. CRP was the most independent of the laboratory biomarkers found to be potential predictors of death. COVID-19 patients who live at higher altitude developed a less severe form of the disease and had a lower mortality rate, in comparison to matched subjects living at sea level.Conclusion: CRP and Charlson comorbidity scores can be considered predictive of disease severity. People living at higher altitudes developed less severe forms of COVID-19 disease than those living at sea level, due to a not-yet-known mechanism.
General practice responses to opioid prescribing feedback: a qualitative process evaluation
Authors: Wood Su , Foy Robbie , Willis Thomas A , Carder Paul , Johnson Stella , Alderson Sarah 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundThe rise in opioid prescribing in primary care represents a significant public health challenge, associated with increased psychosocial problems, hospitalisations, and mortality. An evidence-based bimonthly feedback intervention to reduce opioid prescribing was developed and implemented, targeting 316 general practices in West Yorkshire over 1 year.AimTo understand how general practice staff received and responded to the feedback intervention.Design and settingQualitative process evaluation involving semi-structured interviews, guided by Normalisation Process Theory (NPT), of primary care healthcare professionals targeted by feedback.MethodParticipants were purposively recruited according to baseline opioid prescribing levels and degree of change following feedback. Interview data were coded to NPT constructs, and thematically analysed.ResultsInterviews were conducted with 21 staff from 20 practices. Reducing opioid prescribing was recognised as a priority. While high achievers had clear structures for quality improvement, feedback encouraged some less structured practices to embed changes. The non-prescriptive nature of the feedback reports allowed practices to develop strategies consistent with their own ways of working and existing resources. Practice concerns were allayed by the credibility of the reports and positive experiences of reducing opioid prescribing. The scale, frequency, and duration of feedback may have ensured a good overall level of practice population reach.ConclusionThe intervention engaged general practice staff in change by targeting an issue of emerging concern, and allowing adaption to different ways of working. Practice efforts to reduce opioid prescribing were reinforced by regular feedback, credible comparative data showing progress, and shared experiences of patient benefit.
Entender la complejidad para desarrollar una vida plena
Authors: Hernández Ortiz Julio Cesar , Velásquez Martínez Jorge Gustavo , Espinoza Recinos Linda Evelin 
Published: May 2021

Otrora, nuestra casona tierra, no era ni la sombra de lo que vieron nuestros ancestros. Era solo una masa informe de elementos primarios, el caos campeaba en nuestro planeta. La lógica nos lleva a dilucidar que en un momento los elementos fueron ordenados, originando al homo sapiens, quien, impulsado por su espíritu de sobrevivencia, descubrió en la biodiversidad circundante, los recursos para sobrevivir: vegetales, frutas, minerales y animales, el consumo cárnico, le convirtió en presa de virus y bacterias, inclusive el coronavirus que hoy nos afecta. La ciencia trabaja contra reloj para controlarlo y generar un sistema de gobierno mundial implementando la nanotecnología. En el correr del tiempo creó el Estado, la economía e inició la explotación de los recursos del planeta en busca del desarrollo, sin considerar los daños a la biosfera, y hoy debe buscar el decrecimiento a través de la bioeconomía para lograr el desarrollo tan anhelado sin generar efectos negativos para la vida.
El Coronavirus (COVID-19) y su incidencia en la bioeducación humana
Authors: López Maldonado Rudy Leonel , García Xitumul María Elida , Asencio Cazún Fredis 
Published: May 2021

La complejidad de una visión diferente en Guatemala, puede permitir afrontar eficientemente la pandemia COVID -19, que está afectando cada vez más, la salud física, psicológica y la economía de este país, principalmente de las personas más vulnerables o en desventajas, es más, el virus ha provocado gran cantidad de fallecidos a nivel mundial, las personas que viven en áreas marginadas y con una economía en crisis, se hace necesario preguntar ¿qué pueden hacer los ciudadanos de este país para afrontar la complejidad de la crisis que está provocando el COVID-19. Este artículo se concentra en la elucidación del lugar de la bioeducación en contextos y tiempos de complejidad, los seres humanos deben implementar nuevos modales que les ayuden a evitar la pandemia, aunque, no hay que perder de vista que los hábitos higiene personal ayudan a tener una vida sana, y prevención de distintas enfermedades como iras y cóleras, si las personas cambian los modales conductuales ayudaran a que exista conciencia social y por lo tanto se evitaran contagios y muertes.
Information Security: Theoretical and Applied Aspects
Authors: Сухов А.Н. 
Published: May 2021

В статье раскрывается актуальность исследования информационной безопасности, а также рассматриваются внешние и внутренние угрозы для ее обеспечения, анализируются возникающие сложности. С данным видом безопасности связана позитивная модель развития общества, поэтому не случайно наиболее важной задачей является создание полноценной теории информационной безопасности. Без этого невозможно вести речь об эффективном устранении ряда негативных последствий информатизации общества. Важной задачей является обеспечение защиты личности и общества в целом от информационно-психологических, деструктивных угроз, в том числе преодоление интернет- и других видов информационной зависимости.
Теория информационной безопасности — составная часть социальной психологии безопасности. Для ее полного оформления предстоит еще немало сделать как в теоретическом, так и прикладном плане. Прежде всего имеется в виду создание национальной информационной платформы. В настоящее время существует настоятельная потребность в развитии компетентности в области информационной безопасности не только среди профессионалов, но и различных групп населения.
The article focuses on a relevant issue of investigating information security.
It treats internal and external threats that affect information security and problems that are associated with information security retention. Effective information security policy is a prerequisite for efficient social development, therefore it is essential to develop a full-fledged information security theory, otherwise it is impossible to efficiently eliminate negative effects of community informatization. It is essential to ensure information security of an individual and society, to protect people and community from destructive informational and psychological threats, to help people overcome their internet addiction and other disorders related to information technology addiction.
Information security theory is a branch of social security psychology. It requires a lot of theoretical and applied research. The creation of a nationwide information platform is the first step to make. Nowadays there is an urgent necessity to improve information security competence of both cyber security specialists and laymen.
L’exégèse philosophique chez Philon d’Alexandrie
Authors: Vasiliu Anca 
Published: May 2021

L’article tente de saisir le rapport entre exégèse, rhétorique et philosophie dans les textes de Philon à partir d’un angle particulier : l’usage philonien croisé des images bibliques et du rôle spécifique assigné à l’image dans la pensée hellénique. S’il y a chez l’Alexandrin une réflexion sur les vertus du langage déployée entre l’exégèse des textes bibliques et le recours constant aux modèles théoriques de la philosophie, cette réflexion vise explicitement à établir une science, la théologie rationnelle, légitimée par sa fondation sur la lettre biblique et validée en même temps par une démarche et un lexique spécifiquement philosophiques. Or la pratique des images s’inscrit dans cette tentative philonienne de fonder la réflexion théologique sur les rapports de la langue avec les facultés sensibles et intellectives, depuis les figures et les concepts avec lesquels travaille le langage philosophique jusqu’à l’établissement d’un savoir à partir du paradigme des vertus épiphaniques dont la lettre biblique est pourvue.
Récits d’enfants confronté.e.s à la précarité résidentielle
Authors: Ganne Claire 
Published: May 2021

Ce texte donne accès au lecteur aux récits de deux enfants, âgé.e.s de 9 et 10 ans, confronté.e.s au cours de leur parcours à des situations de précarité résidentielle : vie en squat, en hôtel, en centre d’hébergement... Il propose ainsi un contrepoint aux analyses développées par des chercheur.e.s et des professionnel.le.s au fil du dossier thématique.