bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Drug Delivery System of Phytopharmaceuticals: A Review
Authors: Aroraa Sumit , Dhoke Veerendra , Moharir Keshav , Yende Subhash , Shah Sapan 
Published: April 2021

:
Herbal extracts and isolated bioactives from plants have proven their therapeutic activities,
as evidenced by preclinical and clinical research. However, there seems some disconnect in
their clinical utility as marked by a lack of proper delivery mechanism at desired sites of action.
This glitch nowadays is a task for global research activity and being addressed in novel drug delivery
systems. Steady progress is observed in integrating novel techniques of drug delivery with successful
incorporation of phytochemicals marked by scores of advantages. Limitations of conventional
drug delivery systems have overcome to a considerable extent by innovative drug delivery
methods which show improvement in targeted drug delivery, drug distribution, protection of active
substance, prolonged action, and stability. The perspective of this review thus focuses on the
progress in novel drug delivery systems with a spotlight on nanocarriers for active herbal agents,
their preparation methods with types, examples of active ingredients incorporated, and biomedical
applications.
PERKEMBANGAN MORAL SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR BERDASARKAN TEORI KOHLBERG
Authors: Hasanah Enung 
Published: April 2021

Teori Kohlberg dikenal sebagai teori yang mengukur tingkatan moral seseorang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat perkembangan moral siswa SD yang berusia antara 11-12 tahun, berdasarkan tahapan perkembangan teori Kohlberg. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa anak-anak SD yang berusia 11-12 tahun secara umum termasuk dalam tahap pra konvensional tahap ½ yang dominan diikuti tahap 2 dan 2/3, yang cenderung melakukan sesuatu kegiatan bukan karena membutuhkan hasil melainkan karena takut dihukum.
Role of education towards environmental management: Case study Goma Junior High School DR Congo
Authors: Dechy Bernard , Chinyhabuuma Mwisha 
Published: April 2021

Research aims to understand the rule of education in Goma Junior High School, to understand the level of environmental management, and relationship between education and environmental management. This research employed a mixed method which is quantitate and qualitative. Technique to gather non-numerical data, the researcher utilized a qualitative data collection approach. The results show that environmental education helps students improve their living, study through tree planting, waste management, good environmental management in the school farm and increase number of environmental management ambassadors in the community. The students have a moderate level of understanding on environmental issues and concerns while the rest of the students either have very good or good in understanding environmental management issues. Moreover, students are at the knowledge and understanding A to A continuum level while the list is in the problem-solving skills level of the A to A continuum phase. Students become more responsible in matters dealing with environmental management such as planting tree, keeping their living environment clean and attractive, and managing waste well. Peranan pendidikan terhadap menejemen lingkungan: Studi kasus Goma Junior High School DR Congo Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah aturan pendidikan di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Goma, untuk memahami sistem pengelolaan lingkungan, dan memahami hubungan antara pendidikan dan pengelolaan lingkungan di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Goma, DR Congo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran yaitu kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data nonnumerik menggunakan pendekatan pengumpulan data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan lingkungan membantu siswa meningkatkan taraf hidup, belajar melalui penanaman pohon, pengelolaan sampah, pengelolaan lingkungan yang baik di sekolah pertanian dan meningkatkan jumlah duta pengelolaan lingkungan di masyarakat. Sebagian besar siswa memiliki tingkat pemahaman yang moderat tentang masalah dan masalah lingkungan, sedangkan siswa lainnya memiliki pemahaman yang sangat baik atau baik dalam masalah pengelolaan lingkungan. Siswa berada pada pengetahuan dan pemahaman tingkat kontinum A ke A sedangkan daftar berada pada tingkat keterampilan pemecahan masalah dari tahap kontinum A ke A. Mahasiswa menjadi lebih bertanggung jawab dalam hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan pengelolaan lingkungan seperti penanaman pohon, menjaga lingkungan hidup tetap bersih dan menarik, serta mengelola sampah dengan baik.
Pengaruh Penggunaan LMS dan Aplikasi Telegram terhadap Aktivitas Belajar
Authors: Widiyono Aan 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh penggunaan LMS dan aplikasi Telegram terhadap aktivitas belajar mahasiswa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa PGSD 3A3 UNISNU Jepara pada Mata Kuliah Teknologi Pendidikan yang berjumlah 28 mahasiswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dengan skala Likert pada penggunaan LMS, aplikasi telegram, dan aktivitas belajar yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas sebelumnya. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan LMS berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap aktivitas belajar dengan signifikansi 0,000; Aplikasi Telegram berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap aktivitas belajar dengan signifikansi 0,000, dan Penggunaan LMS dan aplikasi Telegram secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap aktivitas belajar sejumlah 90,1% dengan signifikansi 0,000. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan acuan bahwa penggunaan kedua aplikasi tersebut dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap aktivitas belajar. Sedangkan pada penggunaan LMS lebih memberikan pengaruh terhadap aktivitas belajar dibanding dengan penggunaan aplikasi Telegram. The Effect of Using LMS and Telegram on Students' Learning Activities This study aims to describe the effect of using LMS and Telegram applications on student learning activities. This research method uses a quantitative approach. The sample in this study were 28 students of PGSD 3A3 UNISNU Jepara in the Educational Technology course. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire with a Likert scale on the use of LMS, Telegram application, and learning activities that had been tested for validity and reliability before. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression. The results of data analysis indicate that the use of LMS has a positive and significant effect on learning activities with a significance of 0.000; Telegram application has a positive and significant effect on learning activities with a significance of 0.000, and The use of LMS and Telegram application simultaneously have a significant effect on learning activities amounting to 90.1% with a significance of 0.000. This research can be used as a reference that the use of these two applications can influence learning activities. Whereas the use of LMS has more influence on learning activities than the use of the Telegram application
Ecologia Administrativa
Authors: De Magalhães Celso 
Published: April 2021

Ecologia é a ciência que determina a influência do local sôbre os organismos que nêle se encontram. Todos sabem que o trigo, por exemplo, não dá em qualquer parte, como sabem que o elefante não vive em qualquer lugar. A planta e o animal, quando» mudam de habitat, sofrem transformações por vêzes muito grandes. Para qtie isso não suceda, e possam algumas espécies sobreviver, necessário se torna tratá-las de forma especial, que a Ecologia orienta.
A Biomedical Knowledge Graph System to Propose Mechanistic Hypotheses for Real-World Environmental Health Observations: Cohort Study and Informatics Application
Authors: Fecho Karamarie , Bizon Chris , Miller Frederick , Schurman Shepherd , Schmitt Charles , Xue William , Morton Kenneth , Wang Patrick , Tropsha Alexander 
Published: April 2021

Background
Knowledge graphs are a common form of knowledge representation in biomedicine and many other fields. We developed an open biomedical knowledge graph–based system termed Reasoning Over Biomedical Objects linked in Knowledge Oriented Pathways (ROBOKOP). ROBOKOP consists of both a front-end user interface and a back-end knowledge graph. The ROBOKOP user interface allows users to posit questions and explore answer subgraphs. Users can also posit questions through direct Cypher query of the underlying knowledge graph, which currently contains roughly 6 million nodes or biomedical entities and 140 million edges or predicates describing the relationship between nodes, drawn from over 30 curated data sources.

Objective
We aimed to apply ROBOKOP to survey data on workplace exposures and immune-mediated diseases from the Environmental Polymorphisms Registry (EPR) within the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.

Methods
We analyzed EPR survey data and identified 45 associations between workplace chemical exposures and immune-mediated diseases, as self-reported by study participants (n= 4574), with 20 associations significant at P<.05 after false discovery rate correction. We then used ROBOKOP to (1) validate the associations by determining whether plausible connections exist within the ROBOKOP knowledge graph and (2) propose biological mechanisms that might explain them and serve as hypotheses for subsequent testing. We highlight the following three exemplar associations: carbon monoxide-multiple sclerosis, ammonia-asthma, and isopropanol-allergic disease.

Results
ROBOKOP successfully returned answer sets for three queries that were posed in the context of the driving examples. The answer sets included potential intermediary genes, as well as supporting evidence that might explain the observed associations.

Conclusions
We demonstrate real-world application of ROBOKOP to generate mechanistic hypotheses for associations between workplace chemical exposures and immune-mediated diseases. We expect that ROBOKOP will find broad application across many biomedical fields and other scientific disciplines due to its generalizability, speed to discovery and generation of mechanistic hypotheses, and open nature.
Secukinumab Exhibits Sustained and Stable Response in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis: Results from the SUPREME Study
Authors: Costanzo Antonio , Russo Filomena , Galluzzo Marco , Stingeni Luca , Scuderi Roberta , Zichichi Leonardo , Papini Manuela , Di Costanzo Luisa , Conti Andrea , Burlando Martina , Chiricozzi Andrea , Gaiani Francesca Maria , Mugheddu Cristina , Musumeci Maria Letizia , Gisondi Paolo , Piaserico Stefano , Dapavo Paolo , Venturini Marina , Pagnanelli Gianluca , Amerio Paolo , Potenza Concetta , Peris Ketty , Cantoresi Franca , Trevisini Sara , Loconsole Francesco , Offidani Annamaria , Mercuri Santo Raffaele , Lora Viviana , Prignano Francesca , Bartezaghi Marta , Oliva Giovanni , Aloisi Elisabetta , Orsenigo Roberto 
Published: April 2021

Secukinumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, neutralizes interleukin-17A, a cornerstone cytokine driving the multiple manifestations of psoriasis. This post-hoc analysis of the SUPREME study was performed to determine the sustainability of response to secukinumab in terms of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 90 in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Based on PASI 90 response at week 16, patients were stratified as PASI 90 responders (PASI90R, n = 337) or non-responders (PASI90NR, n = 72). At week 20, 94.2% (n = 295/313) achieved PASI 90/100 response in PASI90R, with response maintained through week 48 (89.6%, n = 189/211). An increased proportion of patients achieved PASI 90/100 response in PASI90NR (week 20: 29.9%, n = 20/67; week 48: 57.1%, n = 20/35). Overall, 64.4% patients achieved absolute PASI score = 0 at week 24 with response sustained to week 48 (66.9%). Secukinumab showed sustained and stable efficacy in maintaining PASI 90 response in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis up to week 48.
Comparative Study Regarding Motivation in Sports Organizations
Authors: Macra-Oșorhean Maria Daniela , Gavrilă Irina , Radu Paul Ovidiu 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT. In sports, the motivation of athletes can be the key to success.
Motivation, as a concept, was offered a wide range of interpretations, many
of which were developed from a managerial perspective that highlights a
better understanding of the mechanisms of motivation of human character.
Objectives. Identifying the reasons for playing basketball by athletes aged 14-
15, but also highlighting the motivational performance factors by comparing
two teams with different competitive results. Methods and means. To carry
out this study, the survey method was used by filling in a questionnaire by the
basketball players of the two sports clubs. The questionnaire includes 24
questions and refers to the causes that athletes find motivating to practice the
game of basketball. Results. The results presented show for each category the
average level of motivation that underlies the engagement in the basketball
game of each team studied. In the “amotivation” category, both teams have a
result of 1, thus eliminating the risk of abandoning the sports activity. Regarding the
"external regulation", U-BT athletes have a higher score, thus resulting in a higher
extrinsic motivation based on praise or external factors. Both teams scored
high on "intrinsic motivation", demonstrating that athletes practice basketball
voluntarily. Conclusions. In conclusion, these variations can be justified due to
the transition age in which the athletes are, the players coming to detach
themselves from the concrete and situate the real in a set of possible
transformations. This study illustrates a motivational portrait of junior teams
engaged in the domestic national championship.
Use of unbiased metagenomic and transcriptomic analyses to investigate the association between feline calicivirus and feline chronic gingivostomatitis in domestic cats
Authors: Fried William A. , Soltero-Rivera Maria , Ramesh Akshaya , Lommer Milinda J. , Arzi Boaz , DeRisi Joseph L. , Horst Jeremy A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To identify associations between microbes and host genes in cats with feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS), a debilitating inflammatory oral mucosal disease with no known cause, compared with healthy cats and cats with periodontitis (control cats).

ANIMALS
19 control cats and 23 cats with FCGS.

PROCEDURES
At least 1 caudal oral mucosal swab specimen was obtained from each cat. Each specimen underwent unbiased metatranscriptomic next-generation RNA sequencing (mNGS). Filtered mNGS reads were aligned to all known genetic sequences from all organisms and to the cat transcriptome. The relative abundances of microbial and host gene read alignments were compared between FCGS-affected cats and control cats and between FCGS-affected cats that did and did not clinically respond to primary treatment. Assembled feline calicivirus (FCV) genomes were compared with reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) primers commonly used to identify FCV.

RESULTS
The only microbe strongly associated with FCGS was FCV, which was detected in 21 of 23 FCGS-affected cats but no control cats. Problematic base pair mismatches were identified between the assembled FCV genomes and RT-PCR primers. Puma feline foamy virus was detected in 9 of 13 FCGS-affected cats that were refractory to treatment and 5 healthy cats but was not detected in FCGS-affected cats that responded to tooth extractions. The most differentially expressed genes in FCGS-affected cats were those associated with antiviral activity.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results suggested that FCGS pathogenesis has a viral component. Many FCV strains may yield false-negative results on RT-PCR-based assays. Coinfection of FCGS-affected cats with FCV and puma feline foamy virus may adversely affect response to treatment.
Lower Extremity Artery Disease as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Bitea Cornel Ioan , Maniţiu Ioan , Bălțat Georgiana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an important determinant of long-term outcome in patients with lower extremity artery disease (LEAD). In this study we evaluated the CAD prevalence among LEAD patients and the association of LEAD lesions location with the CAD presence and severity. 203 patients with LEAD, referred for peripheral and simultaneous coronary angiography, were evaluated. LEAD and CAD were considered angiographically significant for stenosis higher than 50% of arterial lumen. More than two-thirds of LEAD patients had significant CAD, half of them having multi-vessel CAD and a quarter single CAD. Infrapoplitheal arterial lesions seemed to be the strongest predictor of CAD being associated with significant and multi-vessel CAD and also with the presence of left main (LM) lesions. Femoral artery lesions were highly associated with multi-vessel CAD, but there was no association with significant CAD and LM lesions. No association was found between iliac artery lesions and CAD.
Modern Aspects in the Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Breast Cancer in Early Stages
Authors: Moisin Andrei , Tănăsescu Ciprian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and a major public health problem, affecting 2.1 million women each year globally and causing the highest number of cancer-related deaths among women. In 2018, an estimated 627,000 women died from breast cancer (about 15% of all cancer deaths among women). To improve survival, early detection is essential. There are two strategies for early detection of breast cancer: early diagnosis and screening.(1) In Romania, the latest statistics show a higher incidence of breast cancer compared to the European average of 7929 new cases / year with a mortality of 3101 deaths / year.(2)
Recommendations for Sport and Physical Activity after total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vitalis Lorand , Russu Octav , Zuh Sandor , Pop Tudor Sorin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDue to the high success of arthroplasty, patients suffering from osteoarthritis have higher expectations regarding the relief of pain, functional recovery and capacity to perform physical and sports activity. The purpose of our article is to present a literature review based on papers published during the last decades, with emphasis on the current recommendations regarding sports after total joint replacement. We conducted a search using PubMed/Medline databases, selecting the scientific articles published between 2005-2020 which discuss the association between physical activity and total hip or knee arthroplasty. The benefits of physical activity in all kinds of joint prostheses outweigh the negative effects; therefore, the recommendation for low-impact sports (hiking, swimming, cycling or golf) at a moderate intensity is considered valid and patients with total hip or knee arthroplasty who preoperatively had a high level of physical activity can return to low-impact sports performed at moderate intensity after 3-6 months.
A Polarized Light Microscopy Study in a Case of Morphea
Authors: Liliana Mocanu , Sorin Deacu , Polimaru Roman , Mariana Aschie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe report a case of plaque type of scleroderma with specific clinical features and conventional histopathology, with sclerosis and hipocellularity of fibroblasts and preservation of elastic tissue. We describe polarized light microscopy findings, on conventional stained slides and on picro sirius red stained slides. We appreciate that picro sirius red stain allows a better characterization of collagen fibres composition in papillary and reticular dermis, that is severely disturbed in morphea, with an inverse distribution of collagen fibres type I and III comparative with normal dermis.
The Frequency of Parenchimatous Lesions in Patients with Traumatic Retroperitoneal Hematoma
Authors: Daniel Filip , Vasile Sarbu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: The retroperitoneum represent the anatomical region with the highest mortality rates, in which lesions in this region need special relevance. The aim of this study is to find out the frequency of different parenchimatous injuries related to different zones.
Methods: In this retrospective study, all cases who presented to the emergency room and/or admitted to our center with retroperitoneal hematoma (RPH) complicated with parenchimatous lesions from January 2016 to December 2019 were included (4-years data). Data collected included age, hematoma zones, the production mechanisms, mortality, surgical interventions, parenchymatous lesions, complications and biochemical and hematological analysis (e.g. hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), platelets (PLT), leukocytes (Leu), aspartate aminotransferase level (AST), alanine aminotransferase level (ALT) and creatinine (Cr). All RPHs were diagnosed using computed tomography scan.
Results: A total number of 119 RPH cases with parenchimatous lesions were included with a mean age of 45.56±2.52. The most common type of RPH was located in lateral zone (zone II) with 65 cases, followed by pelvic zone (zone III) with 36 cases. The main production mechanism for parenchimatous lesions was by road accident (n=57). The highest prevalence of parenchimatous lesions was seen in both lung and splenic lesions (n=54), followed by liver lesion (n=36) and kidney lesions (n=11), without any statistical significance. The complications showed a statistical significance when 2016 year was compare with 2018 (p=0.013). Regarding the biochemical and hematological analysis, a statistical significance was seen at PLT (when 2016 was compared with 2017, p=0.03 and 2018, p=0.008). Only 67 patients were treated by surgical interventions, and the highest mortality was registered in 2019 (n=11).
Conclusion: There is a lack of evidence in the frequency of different parenchimatous lesions in RPH cases. We conclude on the basis of our study that mandatory exploration of zone II and III haematoma in parenchimatous lesions should be early diagnosed in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the patients.