bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combatting ischemia reperfusion injury from resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta using adenosine, lidocaine and magnesium: A pilot study
Authors: Conner Jeff , Lammers Daniel , Holtestaul Torbjorg , Jones Ian , Kuckelman John , Letson Hayley , Dobson Geoffrey , Eckert Matthew , Bingham Jason 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), a minimally invasive alternative to resuscitative thoracotomy, has been associated with significant ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). Resuscitation strategies using adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium (ALM) have been shown to mitigate similar inflammatory responses in hemorrhagic and septic shock models. This study examined the effects of ALM on REBOA-associated IRI using a porcine model.

METHODS
Animals underwent a 20% controlled hemorrhage followed by 30 minutes of supraceliac balloon occlusion. They were assigned to one of four groups: control (n = 5), 4-hour ALM infusion starting at occlusion, 2-hour (n = 5) and 4-hour (n = 5) interventional ALM infusions starting at reperfusion. Adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium cohorts received a posthemorrhage ALM bolus followed by their respective ALM infusion. Primary outcomes for the study assessed physiologic and hemodynamic parameters.

RESULTS
Adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium infusion after reperfusion cohorts demonstrated a significant improvement in lactate, base deficit, and pH in the first hour following systemic reperfusion. At study endpoint, continuous ALM infusion initiated after reperfusion over 4 hours resulted in an overall improved lactate clearance when compared with the 2-hour and control cohorts. No differences in hemodynamic parameters were noted between ALM cohorts and controls.

CONCLUSION
Adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium may prove beneficial in mitigating the inflammatory response seen from REBOA-associated IRI as evidenced by physiologic improvements early during resuscitation. Despite this, further refinement should be sought to optimize treatment strategies.
Thrombelastography and transfusion patterns in severely injured pediatric trauma patients with blunt solid organ injuries
Authors: Stevens Jenny , Pickett Kaci , Moore Hunter , Reppucci Marina L. , Phillips Ryan , Moulton Steven , Bensard Denis 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND
Thrombelastography (TEG) has emerged as a useful tool to diagnose coagulopathy and guide blood product usage during trauma resuscitations. This study sought to evaluate the correlation between TEG-directed blood product administration in severely injured pediatric trauma patients with blunt solid organ injuries (BSOIs).

METHODS
Patients (≤18 years) with severe BSOIs who presented as highest-level trauma activations at two pediatric trauma centers were included. Thrombelastography results were evaluated to determine indications for blood product administration and rates of TEG-directed resuscitation. Tetrachoric correlations and regression modeling were used to correlate TEG-directed resuscitation with clinical outcomes.

RESULTS
Of 64 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 32.8% (21) had elevated R times and 23.4% (15) had shortened α angles. Maximum amplitude was shortened in 29.7% (19), and percent clot lysis 30 minutes after maximum amplitude that is >3% was seen in 17.0% (9). Thrombelastography-directed resuscitation of fresh frozen plasma was followed 54.7% of the time compared with 67.2% and 81.2% for platelets and cryoprecipitate, respectively. Thrombelastography-directed resuscitation with platelets (odds ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.33–0.93; p = 0.03) and/or cryoprecipitate (odds ratio, 0.09; 95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.42, p = 0.003) were associated with decreased hospital length of stay and mortality, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Severely injured pediatric trauma patients with BSOIs were often coagulopathic upon presentation to the emergency department. Thrombelastography-directed resuscitation with platelets and/or cryoprecipitate was followed for the majority of patients and was associated with improved outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management, level III.
Shared HIV envelope-specific B cell clonotypes induced by a pox-protein vaccine regimen
Authors: Cohen Kristen W. , Ballweber-Fleming Lamar , Duff Michael , Whaley Rachael E. , Seese Aaron , Imhoff Daniel , Moodie Zoe , Hyrien Ollivier , McElrath M. Juliana 
Published: August 2021

SummaryAn effective HIV-1 vaccine will likely induce potent, broad neutralizing antibodies. No candidate vaccines have elicited these responses presumably because they fail to activate human B cell precursors that can affinity mature to generate broad neutralizing antibodies. To identify the B cell clonotypes that are elicited, we conducted in-depth analyses of the envelope-specific B cell repertoire in recipients of ALVAC-HIV vector (vCP2438) and bivalent subtype C gp120 protein (HVTN100). We observed high frequencies of envelope-specific IgG+ memory B cells with restricted immunogenetic diversity, relative to non-vaccine induced memory B cells, with preferential expansions of distinct variable genes but limited accumulation of mutations. Many envelope-specific clonotypes were shared across vaccinees, but did not overlap with the envelope-negative memory repertoire, within and across subjects. Single-cell sequencing of envelope-specific IgG+ memory B cells often revealed VH1-2*02 and VK3-20 sequence co-expression and in one case, contained a 5 amino acid CDRL3, the canonical signature of VRC01-class antibodies, confirming that these B cells are extremely rare but detectable. Our study provides evidence that immunogens play a critical role in selecting and restricting the responding B cell repertoire and supports the rational design of HIV vaccines targeting specific B cell lineages for induction of broadly-reactive neutralizing antibodies.
Recent COVID-19 vaccination is associated with modest increases in the physiological demands to graded exercise
Authors: Batatinha Helena , Baker Forrest L. , Smith Kyle A. , Zúñiga Tiffany M. , Pedlar Charles R. , Burgess Shane C. , Katsanis Emmanuel , Simpson Richard J 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAthletes are advised to receive the COVID-19 vaccination to protect them from SARS CoV-2 infection during major competitions. Despite this, many athletes are reluctant to get the COVID-19 vaccine due to concerns that symptoms of vaccinosis may impair athletic performance.OBJECTIVETo determine the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the physiological responses to graded exercise.METHODSHealthy participants completed a 20-minute bout of graded cycling exercise before and ~21 days after COVID-19 vaccination (2 dose Pfizer mRNA or 1 dose Johnson & Johnson).RESULTSOxygen uptake, CO2 production, respiratory exchange ratio, ventilation, heart rate, serum noradrenaline, and rating of perceived exertion were significantly elevated in the post vaccine trial. However, vaccination did not affect serum lactate, adrenaline, cortisol, predicted , and ventilatory threshold. Post-vaccine effects on heart rate and noradrenaline remained significant in non-infected participants that received the Pfizer vaccine. No significant effects in respiratory gas exchange parameters were found after vaccination in those previously exposed to SARS-CoV-2, but exercise adrenaline levels were significantly lower and serum lactate levels trending (p= 0.10) lower after vaccination. No changes in any physiological responses to exercise were found in control participants who completed two bouts of exercise separated by ~5 weeks without vaccination.CONCLUSIONRecent COVID-19 vaccination is associated with modest increases in the physiological demands to graded exercise in non-infected healthy people but may actually improve metabolic responses to exercise in those previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Whether or not these small effects could impact athletic performance at the elite level warrants investigation.
Corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel in oilfield injection water in Eastern China
Authors: Peng Haoping , Luan Zhaolin , Liu Jun , Lei Yun , Chen Junxiu , Deng Song , Su Xuping 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to under the laboratory environment, the corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel in oilfield injection water in eastern China was studied by immersion test.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the corrosion product film was immersed in oilfield injection water and the effect on the corrosion behavior and the corrosion reaction mechanism were constantly observed during this period. The effect was displayed by potentiodynamic polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectrums (EIS) measurements. Second, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to observe and test the corrosion product film immersed in the oilfield water for 30 days.

Findings
The results indicate that the tendency of metal corrosion becomes weaker at an early stage, but strengthened later, which means the corrosion rate is accelerating. Besides, it is indicated by impedance spectroscopy that with the decreasing of the capacitance arc radius, the reaction resistance is reducing in this progress. Meanwhile, the character of Warburg impedance could be found in EIS, which means that the erosional components are more likely to penetrate the product film to reach the matrix. The corrosion product is mainly composed of the inner Fe3O4 layer and outer shell layer, which contains a large number of calcium carbonate granular deposits. It is this corrosion under fouling that produces severe localized corrosion, forming many etch pits on the metal substrate.

Originality/value
The experiment chose the X80 steel, the highest-grade pipeline steel used in China, to conduct the static immersion test in the injection water coming from an oilfield in eastern China. Accordingly, the corrosion mechanism and the effect of corrosion product film on the corrosion of pipeline steel were analyzed and discussed.
Unpacking knowledge management and organizational performance: a comparison between emerging and developing countries
Authors: Sahibzada Hassam Farooq , Jianfeng Cai , Sahibzada Umar Farooq , Khalid Roshi , Afshan Gul 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe study explores the impact of knowledge-oriented leadership (KOL) on knowledge management (KM) processes and the indirect relationship of KM processes with organizational performance (OP) via mediating the role of creative organizational learning (COL) in cross-cultural settings.Design/methodology/approachThis research used a survey structure of 784 faculty and admin personnel from higher education institutions in China and Pakistan. Smart-PLS, 3.2.9 was used to perform analysis.FindingsThe result shows a significant positive influence of KOL on KM processes and KM processes on OP via the partial mediating effect of COL in China, Pakistan and the overall sample. The multi-group analysis confirmed the substantial differential effect of KOL on KM processes.Practical implicationsOutcomes of this research affirm KM's university practice and recommend how higher education academics and administrators prioritize KOL, KM processes and COL while strengthening OP in a culturally different environment.Originality/valueThe current research is among the initial experiments to determine KOL, KM processes, COL and organizational (University) performance relationships in a culturally different environment. The study is among the initials that just not empirically explore the associations between the factors but sheds light on existing literature by immediately exploring COL's mediating position in China and Pakistan's HEIs.
Analytical modelling of electromagnetic field and performance investigation of a rectangular linear electromagnetic stirrer
Authors: Das Sharmili , Dhabarde Rohit Siddharth , Raju V. R. K. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop a novel rectangular linear induction motor as an electromagnetic stirrer (EMS) using analytical followed by a numerical approach. The rectangular linear electromagnetic stirrer (RLEMS) is mainly developed for rectangular slab and billet as the end product.

Design/methodology/approach
A two-dimensional analytical approach for evaluating flux density distribution within the mold is established for RLEMS structure. Subsequently, the average stirring force within the mold is estimated from those field variables. The paper presents an analytical and numerical model for calculating the stirring force and counters the end and edge effects of linear-type EMS. Magnetic field and force profile within the mold due to polyphase rectangular stator distribution has been done with the help of Maxwell’s equation with appropriate boundary conditions by using Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform. Subsequently, a numerical study has been carried out using a coupled thermal and electromagnetic model.

Findings
The present study investigates the physical phenomena during the solidification process because of an induced electromagnetic field and is able to extract all the electromagnetic field variables under different operating conditions, and, subsequently, provides an insight into the actual happening within the mold.

Originality/value
It provides the analytical method for solving the stirring force of the proposed new RLEMS structure by addressing the smooth and efficient variation of field and velocity profile near the corner of the mold and improves the quality of end product.
Effects of health-promoting leadership, employee health on employee engagement: employability as moderating variable
Authors: Liu Liping , Zhang Chunyu , Fang Chih-Cheng 
Published: August 2021

PurposeEmployee health is a major challenge for enterprises. Fostering a healthy work environment and promoting employee engagement are key to addressing this challenge. Health-promoting leadership and employee health are the driving forces of corporate development; at the same time, employability is the core element of employee relations. Based on self-determination theory, this study aims to explore the effects of health-promoting leadership and employee health on employee engagement in light of employee employability.Design/methodology/approachThe data of this study encompass 723 valid questionnaires from employees of MSME in China. This study focuses on health-promoting leadership and employee health, engagement relationship and the above relationship moderating by employability.FindingsHealth-promoting leadership plays a key role in the workplace, results show that health-promoting leadership has a positive impact on employee health and employee engagement, while employee health did not have a positive effect on employee engagement. Employability negatively moderated the relationship between employee health and employee engagement.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is based on cross-sectional survey data collected at the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic rapidly and continuously changed the organizational responses to employee health. Future studies could utilize longitudinal methods or focus on measurement instruments of the culture of health, to create additional insights about health promoting.Originality/valueThis study adds important knowledge regarding health-promoting leadership and employee health in Chinese MSMEs, an area for which limited research exists. The findings provide insights and knowledge about health-promoting leadership how to affect employee health and to improve engagement outcomes. The findings also identify the moderating role of employability.
Centering deep hole drilling system with three oil films like centering rotating journal with oil films in bearing
Authors: Yu Daguo , Zhao Ming 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This study and its centering device with Archimedes spirals designed on hydrodynamic lubrication aims to reduce the deviation of deep holes because the drill tube is long and easy to deviate in deep hole machining.

Design/methodology/approach
The centering device with Archimedes spirals was designed and fixed between the drilling tool and the drill tube. The wall of the deep hole and the novel centering device formed three wedge-shaped oil films. When the workpiece rotated relative to the centering device, pressure was generated in the oil films; therefore, three oil films supported drilling system as oil films support rotating journal in the full-film hydrodynamic bearing.

Findings
When the Boring and Trepanning Association (BTA) drilling system was equipped with the centering device, the cutting oil flowed smoothly and carried all the iron chips; the motors run normally; no additional vibration or sound was detected during processing; the surface of the centering device was smooth; and the deviation of the drilled deep hole decreased with a high probability.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no one has designed and made the centering device with Archimedes spirals to reduce the deviation of deep holes in deep hole machining. Three oil films formed by the centering device with Archimedes spirals support drilling system and prevent it from deviating, which has never appeared before and is creative.
The I DO project: using experiential service learning to increase the impact of PIS
Authors: Husseinifard Sherwin , Corleissen Lennart , Meijs Lucas 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The I DO project connects business students to the European branch of small private international development organizations (PIs), using experiential service learning, which combines skill-based and hands-on volunteering opportunities, to achieve learning objectives with students (learning) while helping PIs (service). This paper aims to summarize the experiences and learnings of the pilot project.

Design/methodology/approach
Students work in four-person teams, guided by a student-coach, an academic supervisor and professional support, on a service project for one PI. Students provide indirect service to the PI through skill-based activities (e.g. creating marketing strategies or improving organizational efficiency) or hands-on volunteering (e.g. fundraising). In this program, students do not provide direct service to beneficiaries (i.e. they do not travel abroad). “I DO” will be established as a scalable regular course within the RSM Bachelor’s program. A pilot involving 22 students and 6 PIs was started in September 2020.

Findings
The teaching brief describes lessons learned from the non-credit bearing 2021 pilot. As skill-based volunteers, students performed hands-on support tasks, conducted analyses, and formulated strategic recommendations. In the pilot, however, the students did not take on the active role of skill-based volunteer consultants, concentrating instead on the safer, easier role of hands-on support volunteers. Future improvements could thus be realized in the preparation phase, as well as by focusing the guidance of the coaches and academic supervisor on the stated learning objectives. The project and the students’ motivation were negatively affected by the lockdown. In the future, including after the pandemic, measures will be added to maintain motivation, including a focus on the personal development of students, social events between students and stronger involvement on the part of the coach.

Originality/value
The teaching brief presents a new approach to service learning in international development as the service is giving to Western “headquarters” in both hands-on as skill-based volunteering.
Exploiting organisational vulnerabilities as dark knowledge: conceptual development from organisational fraud cases
Authors: Goode Sigi , Lacey David 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to assert that knowledge of organisational weaknesses, vulnerabilities and compromise points (here termed “dark knowledge”), is just as critical to organisational integrity and hence, must also be managed in a conventional knowledge management sense. However, such dark knowledge is typically difficult to identify and accordingly, few studies have attempted to conceptualise this view.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a background of fraud diamond theory, the authors examine this dark knowledge using a case study analysis of fraud at a large Asia-Pacific telecommunications provider. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the firm’s fraud unit.

Findings
The authors identify six components of dark knowledge, being artefactual knowledge, consequential knowledge, knowledge of opportunity, knowledge of experimentality, knowledge of identity and action and knowledge of alternativity.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to identify a knowledge type based on organisational compromises and vulnerabilities. The paper shows that accounts of organisational weakness can yet provide knowledge insights.
Training school teachers in Malawi about substance misuse and trauma: the need for a sustainable strategy
Authors: Evans Nicola , Lane Rhiannon , Stacey-Emile Gemma , Sefasi Anthony 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The World Health Organisation found depression to be the fourth leading cause of disability in Malawi (Bowie, 2006) with the prevalence of mental health need in children and young people in Malawi estimated between 10 and 30% (Kutcher et al., 2019). One option to address this was to provide schoolteachers with skills and knowledge related to mental health so they can better support children. There is generally a lack of evidence of the utility or feasibility of school-based mental health literacy programmes in low to medium income countries (LMIC). This paper aims to report on a project to train schoolteachers in Malawi on aspects of mental health.

Design/methodology/approach
The aim of this project was to determine the acceptability and feasibility of delivering a training initiative in Malawi to teachers to better enable them to recognise and cope with school children who had been exposed to trauma and substance misuse.

Findings
Feedback was generated through the use of a specifically designed pre and post measure, focus groups, interviews and observations of the teaching delivery.

Practical implications
Teachers found the training built on their existing knowledge and they requested further opportunities for training and consultation about how to manage difficult presentations. It was evident that teachers did not know how to access mental health care or support for children whose needs could not be met by schoolteachers alone.

Originality/value
For a sustainable improvement for children’s mental health care in this context, further training becomes valuable when located as part of a network of joined up health and educational services.
Anti-money laundering regimes: a comparison between Germany, Switzerland and the UK with a focus on the crypto business
Authors: Wronka Christoph 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the framework for the regulation of crypto assets in Germany, the UK and Switzerland focusing on anti-money laundering (AML) laws. It comprehensively addresses the risks of crypto assets and the benefits along with the changes made to the existing laws to regulate cryptocurrency.

Design/methodology/approach
Qualitative data was analyzed to collect information for the case study and to challenge/examine the existing data and statistics.

Findings
The findings suggested that the AML laws are additionally modified to include the cryptocurrencies violations of the legislation, as it is the decentralized financial systems generating opportunities for crimes and terror financing. The moderate or mild laws were found in Switzerland following Germany and the UK has the most traditional and stringent laws of money laundering.

Originality/value
The paper has focused on the comparison of the three states in their AML laws comprehensively along with their attitude toward the crypto businesses.