bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of community psychosocial group interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and mental health conditions
Authors: Bourne Jane , Harrison Toni Leigh , Wigham Sarah , Morison Cindy‐Jo , Hackett Simon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities have a high risk of developing mental ill‐health. Treatment is often neglected and diagnosis is misattributed to a person's disability. Standard psychosocial interventions can improve a person's well‐being. This review aimed to understand what interventions are being delivered, any benefits, and future recommendations.MethodsPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, and the review registered with PROSPERO—CRD42020160254. Databases searched included: MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO. A framework synthesis approach was used to present the findings.ResultsThere are limited psychosocial interventions offered for this population. When groups are delivered having a creative element, multiple activities over a short period of time, with breaks and group rules outcomes can be improved.ConclusionsAdaptations and reasonable adjustments should be used specifically to a person's ability. A mixed‐method design allows people to share their experiences alongside quantitative data that provides clinical information.
High compliance and effective treatment of fish endoparasitic infections with oral drug delivery nanobioparticles: Safety of intestinal tissue and blood parameters
Authors: Madrid Rafael R.M. , Mertins Omar , Tavares‐Dias Marcos , Flores‐Gonzales Anai P. , C.M.F. Patta Ana , Ramirez Carlos A.B. , Rigoni Vera L.S. , Mathews Patrick D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractParasite infections in fish require constant surveillance and strategies for efficient treatments which guarantee the fish health, their sale value and the non‐propagation of pathogens in new environments. Fish treatments based on nanotechnology become of increasing interest since nanoparticles have been shown as efficient materials for optimizing administration of bioactives. In this study a chitosan derivative, alginate and praziquantel conjugated nanobioparticle of effective action for oral treatment of digenetic trematodes in highly infected Corydoras schwartzi was evaluated in terms of histological and hematological safety. The inherent absence of alterations in intestinal tissue and the reversible blood cells counting during a period up to 35 days showed the safety of the drug delivery nanobioparticles, which thus represent a promising strategy for effective applications in pathogens treatments by oral administration.
Hsa_circ_0016788 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma progression via miR‐506‐3p/poly‐adenosine diphosphate‐ribose polymerase
Authors: Chen Ming , Hu Guangsheng , Zhou Xin , Peng Zhong , Wen Wu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and AimHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide. Recent researches have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) could affect the progress of HCC, but the mechanism is still indistinct. In this work, we explored the roles of circRNA_0016788 in HCC.MethodsThe levels of hsa_circ_0016788, microRNA‐506‐3p (miR‐506‐3p), and mRNA of poly‐adenosine diphosphate‐ribose polymerase, member 14 (PARP14) were detected by quantitative real‐time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction in HCC tissues. Meanwhile, the level of PARP14 was quantified by Western blot analysis. Besides, the cell functions were examined by commercial kit, Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, EdU assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry assay, Western blot, and transwell assay. Furthermore, the interplay between miR‐506‐3p and hsa_circ_0016788 or PARP14 was detected by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Eventually, the in vivo experiments were applied to measure the role of hsa_circ_0016788.ResultsThe levels of hsa_circ_0016788 and PARP14 were upregulated, and the miR‐506‐3p level was decreased in HCC tissues in contrast to that in normal tissues. For functional analysis, hsa_circ_0016788 deficiency inhibited cell glycolysis metabolism, cell vitality, cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion in HCC cells whereas promoted cell apoptosis. Moreover, miR‐506‐3p was confirmed to repress the progression of HCC cells by suppressing PARP14. In mechanism, hsa_circ_0016788 acted as a miR‐506‐3p sponge to regulate the level of PARP14. In addition, hsa_circ_0016788 knockdown also inhibited tumor growth in vivo.ConclusionHsa_circ_0016788 facilitates the development of HCC through increasing PARP14 expression by regulating miR‐506‐3p, which also offered an underlying targeted therapy for HCC treatment.
Lipid profiles of patients with manifest coronary versus peripheral atherosclerosis – Is there a difference?
Authors: Leiherer Andreas , Mündlein Axel , Brandtner Eva Maria , Säly Christoph H. , Ramadani Hana , Vonbank Alexander , Mader Arthur , Dopheide Jörn F. , Jylhä Antti , Lääperi Mitja , Laaksonen Reijo , März Winfried , Fraunberger Peter , Kleber Marcus , Drexel Heinz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are both caused by atherosclerosis. Serum lipids and lipoproteins are predictive of the development of atherosclerosis but it is not clear if they differ in the two manifestations, PAD and CAD. We tested whether a more detailed characterization of the lipid and lipoprotein patterns of PAD and CAD allows a clear differentiation between the two atherosclerotic phenotypes.MethodsA cohort of 274 statin‐naïve patients with either newly diagnosed imaging proven PAD (n = 89) or stable CAD (n = 185) was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance‐ and liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry‐based advanced lipid and lipoprotein analysis. An independent cohort of 1239 patients with PAD and CAD was used for validation.ResultsWe found a significant difference in markers of inflammation as well as ceramide and phosphatidylcholine levels between patients with PAD and CAD. In contrast, basic lipid markers including total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a) or detailed lipoprotein profiles did not differ significantly between patients with PAD and CAD. Applying ratios and scores derived from ceramides and phosphatidylcholines further improved the discrimination between PAD and CAD. These significant differences were independent of body composition, from the status of smoking or type 2 diabetes mellitus, and also from apolipoprotein C‐III and other inflammatory parameters which were different between CAD and PAD.ConclusionThe present study clearly suggests that PAD and CAD differ in terms of their ceramide‐ and phosphatidylcholine‐based lipid patterns but not in lipoprotein characteristics.
Story Completion technique: A useful methodology to evaluate the risk perception of consumers from different regions of Brazil about cheeses sold at open markets
Authors: da Silva Wanessa P. , Pimentel Tatiana C. , da Silva Camila B. F. , Pagani Mônica M. , da Cruz Adriano G. , Freitas Mônica Q. , Esmerino Erick A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStory Completion technique was used to investigate the perception of consumers (n = 326) from different regions of Brazil about cheeses sold at open markets. Consumers were divided into low‐risk (would buy the cheese) and the high‐risk (would not buy the cheese) groups based on the outcome of the story. In the low‐risk group, the consumers from North and Southeast regions would buy the products due to the quality and technology, while those from Northeast, Midwest, and South regions due to the sensory aspects. In the high‐risk group, the consumers from the South region would not buy the cheese due to the hazard, and those from the Northeast region due to its negative sensory aspects. The consumers from the Southeast and South regions would not buy due to the lack of certification and quality, while those from the North and Midwest regions for not knowing the origin of the products.Practical applicationsThis was the first study to apply the Story Completion technique in a food‐related study. This methodology demonstrated to be useful to separating the consumers based on their risk perception about cheeses sold at open markets. Furthermore, it was able to reveal differences in consumer perception about the products for each region of the country.
Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on growth traits, slaughter performance, serum markers and intestinal bacterial community of Daheng broilers
Authors: Song Xiaoyan , Lin Zhongzhen , Yu Chunlin , Qiu Mohan , Peng Han , Jiang Xiaosong , Du Huarui , Li Qingyun , Liu Yiping , Zhang Zengrong , Ren Peng , Yang Chaowu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProbiotics are expected to be an ideal alternative for antibiotics in the poultry industry. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on growth traits, slaughter performance, serum markers and intestinal bacterial community of Daheng broilers. A total of 2400 healthy one‐day‐old Daheng broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 40 individuals per replicate. Birds in control group were fed a basal diet, and others were fed basal diets supplemented with 105, 106, 107 and 108 CFU/kg Lactobacillus plantarum, respectively. It turned out that adding Lactobacillus plantarum to diet could significantly improve the serum immune performance of broilers (p < 0.05), enhance the antioxidant capacity to a certain extent (p > 0.05), but had no significant effect on growth traits and slaughter performance. Moreover, Lactobacillus plantarum could improve the diversity of intestinal bacterial community, but with the increase of addition concentration, the diversity would gradually decrease. In conclusion, Lactobacillus plantarum can be used as feed additive in broiler production, but whether it is more effective than antibiotics needs further investigation.
Pilot evaluation of a consumer wearable device to assess sleep in a clinical polysomnography trial of suvorexant for treating insomnia in patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Svetnik Vladimir , Wang Ting‐Chuan , Ceesay Paulette , Snyder Ellen , Ceren Omar , Bliwise Donald , Budd Kerry , Hutzelmann Jill , Stevens Joanne , Lines Christopher , Michelson David , Herring W. Joseph 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant was previously reported to significantly improve total sleep time (TST), by 28 min per night versus placebo after 4 weeks, in a sleep laboratory polysomnography (PSG) study of patients with Alzheimer's disease and insomnia. The study included an exploratory evaluation of a consumer‐grade wearable “watch” device for assessing sleep that we report on here. Participants who met diagnostic criteria for both probable Alzheimer's disease dementia and insomnia were randomized to suvorexant 10–20 mg (N = 142) or placebo (N = 143) in a double‐blind, 4‐week trial. Patients were provided with a consumer‐grade wearable watch device (Garmin vívosmart® HR) to be worn continuously. Overnight sleep laboratory PSG was performed on three nights: screening, baseline and Night 29 (last dose). Watch treatment effects were assessed by change‐from‐baseline in watch TST at Week 4 (average TST per night). We also analysed Night 29 data only, with watch data restricted to the PSG recording time. In the 193 participants included in the Week 4 watch analysis (suvorexant = 97, placebo = 96), the suvorexant–placebo difference in watch TST was 4 min (p = .622). In patients with usable data for both assessments at the baseline and Night 29 PSG (suvorexant = 57, placebo = 50), the watch overestimated TST compared to PSG (e.g., placebo baseline = 412 min for watch and 265 min for PSG) and underestimated change‐from‐baseline treatment effects: the suvorexant–placebo difference was 20 min for watch TST (p = .405) and 35 min for PSG TST (p = .057). These findings show that the watch was less sensitive than PSG for evaluating treatment effects on TST.
The debate around the access to vaccine and licensing amidst second wave of COVID‐19 in India
Authors: Sharma Sparsh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe guardian of global health signified a “global response” to contain COVID 19 utilising the platform of World Health Organization when the novel virus strain was spreading. The nature of “waves,” that is, variable epidemiological patterns and peaks in trajectory, have been inconsistent and myriad in different regions and countries. Many researchers and scholars have deliberated on the possible ways forward to curb or mitigate the effects of the virus; and one such means is through universal vaccination. Hence, this article explores the positions to achieve that goal by looking at the licensing aspect and IP waiver debate and suggests a fine‐tuning which balances all the interests, amidst the second wave in India.
The Meloidogyne javanica effector Mj2G02 interferes with jasmonic acid signalling to suppress cell death and promote parasitism in Arabidopsis
Authors: Song Handa , Lin Borong , Huang Qiuling , Sun Tianlin , Wang Wenjun , Liao Jinling , Zhuo Kan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPlant‐parasitic nematodes can cause devastating damage to crops. These nematodes secrete effectors that suppress the host immune responses to enhance their survival. In this study, Mj2G02, an effector from Meloidogyne javanica, is described. In situ hybridization and transcriptional analysis showed that Mj2G02 was highly expressed in the early infection stages and exclusively expressed in the nematode subventral oesophageal gland cells. In planta RNA interference targeting Mj2G02 impaired M. javanica parasitism, and Mj2G02‐transgenic Arabidopsis lines displayed more susceptibility to M. javanica. Using an Agrobacterium‐mediated transient expression system and plant immune response assays, we demonstrated that Mj2G02 localized in the plant cell nuclei and could suppress Gpa2/RBP‐1‐induced cell death. Moreover, by RNA‐Seq and quantitative reverse transcription PCR analyses, we showed that Mj2G02 was capable of interfering with the host jasmonic acid (JA) signalling pathway. Multiple jasmonate ZIM‐domain (JAZ) genes were significantly upregulated, whereas the JAR1 gene and four JA‐responsive genes, MYC3, UPI, THI2.1, and WRKY75, were significantly downregulated. In addition, HPLC analysis showed that the endogenous jasmonoyl‐isoleucine (JA‐Ile) level in Mj2G02‐transgenic Arabidopsis lines was significantly decreased compared to that in wildtype plants. Our results indicate that the M. javanica effector Mj2G02 suppresses the plant immune response, therefore facilitating nematode parasitism. This process is probably mediated by a JA‐Ile reduction and JAZ enhancement to repress JA‐responsive genes.
Pharmacogenomics fail to explain proton pump inhibitor refractory esophagitis in pediatric esophageal atresia
Authors: Yasuda Jessica L. , Staffa Steven J. , Nurko Samuel , Kane Madeline , Wall Stephanie , Mougey Edward B. , Franciosi James P. , Manfredi Michael A. , Rosen Rachel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundEsophagitis is prevalent in patients with esophageal dysmotility despite acid suppression, likely related to poor esophageal clearance. Esophageal atresia (EA) is a classic model of dysmotility where this observation holds true. In adult non‐dysmotility populations, failure of esophagitis to respond to proton pump inhibitors (PPI) has been linked to variants in CYP2C19 that influence the activity of the encoded enzyme. It is unknown if CYP2C19 metabolizer phenotype contributes to PPI‐refractory, non‐allergic esophagitis in EA.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study of 314 children with (N = 188) and without (N = 126) EA who were on PPI therapy at the time of endoscopy to evaluate for possible gastroesophageal reflux disease. Patients with eosinophilic esophagitis and/or fundoplication were excluded. Clinical and histology data were collected. Genomic DNA from biopsy samples was genotyped for polymorphisms in CYP2C19.ResultsCYP2C19 metabolizer phenotypes were not associated with presence or severity of esophagitis (P = 0.994). In a multivariate logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders, EA was the strongest and only significant predictor of esophagitis (odds ratio 2.72, P = 0.023). Using negative binomial regression, we found that CYP2C19 phenotype was not a significant predictor of eosinophil count in children with PPI‐refractory esophagitis.ConclusionsPatients with EA are significantly more likely to experience PPI‐refractory, non‐allergic esophagitis than controls regardless of CYP2C19 metabolizer phenotype, suggesting that factors other than CYP2C19 genetics, including dysmotility, are the primary drivers of esophagitis in EA. CYP2C19 genotype failed to predict PPI‐refractory, non‐allergic esophagitis in both EA and non‐EA children.
Stigma experiences of patients living with gastroparesis
Authors: Taft Tiffany H. , Craven Meredith R. , Adler Emerald P. , Simons Madison , Nguyen Linda 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionStigmatization toward chronic digestive diseases is well documented. Patients perceive others hold negative stereotypes toward their disease and may internalize these beliefs as true. Because of this, stigmatization is associated with poor outcomes across disease‐related and psychosocial domains. No study to date evaluates stigmatization toward patients living with gastroparesis (GP), a poorly understood disease affecting gastric motility. We aimed to gain deep understanding of stigma in patients living with gastroparesis.MethodsPatients with GP were recruited from two university‐based gastroenterology practices as well as patient advocacy support groups. Participants underwent a semi‐structured qualitative interview about their experiences with stigma related to their GP diagnosis, which were audio‐recorded and transcribed to text for analysis using a grounded theory approach. Major themes with representative quotations were documented.ResultsTwenty‐three patients participated. The majority were White, female, with idiopathic GP under the care of a gastroenterologist. All patients reported stigma related to GP. Seven major themes were found: stigma from healthcare providers, stigma within interpersonal relationships, GP as an invisible disease, blame, unsolicited suggestions on how to manage disease, disclosure, and stigma resistance.ConclusionsThis is the first study to describe stigma experiences in patients with GP. The results suggest patients experience considerable stigmatization toward their condition from multiple sources. Patients also demonstrated resistance to negative beliefs, which can serve as a protective factor for the negative effects of disease stigma. Clinicians should be aware of stigma in GP patients, including their own potential internal biases and behaviors.
Comparison of synchronization between left bundle branch and his bundle pacing in atrial fibrillation patients: An intra‐patient‐controlled study
Authors: Sheng Xia , Pan Yi‐Wen , Yu Chan , Wang Bei , Zhang Pei , Li Jing , Zhang Jie‐Fang , Chen Shi‐Quan , Wang Min , Sun Ya‐Xun , Jiang Dong‐Mei , Yang Ying , Ye Yang , Cha Yong‐Mei , Fu Guo‐Sheng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundHis bundle pacing (HBP) is a physiological pacing strategy to preserve the electrical synchrony of ventricular conduction and left ventricular (LV) function. Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has emerged as an alternative physiological pacing technique.ObjectiveTo evaluate cardiac electrical and mechanical synchrony comparing LBBP and HBP in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsConsecutive patients with symptomatic bradycardia and AF were enrolled from January to June of 2019. The cardiac electrical and mechanical synchrony in different pacing mode were evaluated at baseline and after implantation.ResultsBoth HBP and LBBP were performed in 20 patients. LBBP significantly widened the QRS duration compared with the intrinsic conduction (113.2 ± 14.5 vs. 96.5 ± 16.2 ms; p = .01), while HBP did not (104.5 ± 22.3 vs. 96.5 ± 16.2 ms; p = .12). Both LBBP and HBP patients had similar LV myocardial strain measurements for the mechanical synchrony evaluation without significant change compared with baseline. There was no significant difference in right ventricular synchrony measurement between LBBP and HBP. Compared to HBP, LBBP had less interventricular synchrony (IMVD, 14.7 ± 9.2 vs. 3.1 ± 12.7 ms, p < .01; Ts‐LV‐RV, 37.9 ± 10.7 vs. 18.5 ± 10.8 ms, p < .001).ConclusionsAlthough LBBP's a physiological pacing mode can achieve a similar cardiac electrical and mechanical synchronization when compared to HBP, LBBP results in modest delay in RV activation, and the clinical implication remains to be studied.
TH2 sensitization in the skin‐gut‐brain axis: How early‐life Th2‐mediated inflammation may negatively perpetuate developmental and psychologic abnormalities
Authors: Jackson‐Cowan LaDonya , Cole Emily F. , Arbiser Jack L. , Silverberg Jonathan I. , Lawley Leslie P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe recently reported children with comorbid atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies displaying a 2.7‐fold increase in developmental delays.2 To this end, we hypothesize unregulated increases in T helper‐2 (Th2)–driven inflammation, such as those seen in atopic diseases, can exert deleterious effects on the developing brain. Recognizing that available information is incomplete and that many potential associations are not firmly established, we speculate these effects underlie the association between Th2 sensitization and cognitive dysfunction in children. In this review, we explore the role of Th2 sensitization in the skin‐gut‐brain axis and explain how it can lead to reduced connectivity and transmission in the developing brain. With a focus on AD, we explore the association between Th2 sensitization and developmental abnormalities such as developmental delays, memory impairment, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and epilepsy/seizures. As such, we review the available literature to examine the impact of increased IL‐4 exposure in early life on the brain. We explore the possible association between Th2 sensitization and psychologic dysfunction such as attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. We also examine the impact that increased exposure to glucocorticoids and neurotrophins in early life exerts on the developing brain. Last, we discuss future directions for the advancement of our knowledge as a scientific community including possible interventions to reduce developmental and psychologic aberrations in children.
Access as equity: Addressing the distribution of the pediatric dermatology workforce
Authors: Ugwu‐Dike Pearl , Nambudiri Vinod E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhile overall shortages in the pediatric dermatologist workforce have been well‐documented, recent evidence indicates a geographic maldistribution of providers, which can further exacerbate health disparities for children. Wide geographic gaps in access to pediatric care constitute a critical public health issue and impede upon a child's right to access care. In this review, we examine the issue of geographic maldistribution of pediatric dermatologists through the lens of health equity: describing the problem, exploring the enablers of and barriers to change, and offering potential solutions.