bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation Of Water Environmental Carrying Capacity In Xi’an City
Authors: Yuan Qing Min , Kou Xiang Bo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Based on the analysis of xi’an’s water resources, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of Xi’an’s water environment carrying capacity. The coefficient of variation method and the bearing capacity model of each evaluation index were used to calculate the weight of each index and the bearing capacity of each index, and then the bearing capacity of the water environment of Xi’an city was calculated according to the original value of each index and the method of “module addition”, and then the variation trend was analyzed, the deficiency was pointed out and the improvement measures were put forward.
Experimental study on a new riser in large flume under the influence of wave and current
Authors: Jin Ruijia , Guo Quan , Chen Songgui , Geng Baolei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The traditional riser system needs to recover all the risers when typhoon comes, which often takes a long time and high risk. In recent years, a new type of anti-typhoon riser system emerged, which can realize the emergency separation of the upper offshore platform and the lower riser system near the water surface, and the remaining riser can stand in the deep water freely through the net buoyancy provided by the buoy. In order to verify the feasibility of the new anti-typhoon riser system, the vortex induced response of the riser under the combined action of wave and current is studied by physical model test in large flume with geometric scale of 1:21 under three different net buoyancy conditions; The results show that the net buoyancy of the buoy has a great influence on the natural frequency and motion response of the new riser. Under the combined wave current condition, the wave restrains the vortex induced motion of the riser in a certain extent and reduces its overall offset.
Experimental study of the wave load on the main pier of Huangmaohai Bridge under wave-current coupling effect
Authors: Liu Mingyang , Liu Haiyuan , Ma Jun , Ge Longzai , Chen Hanbao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
For the wave-current coupling effect on the main pier of Huangmaohai Bridge, experimental study is conducted to measure the load under wave-only and wave-and-current actions. Parametric studies are carried out to reveal the variation trend of the wave load with wave height and period. With the scouring depth of 12m and under the high-water level and wave height of 300-year return period, the maximum horizontal force FX on the pile cap is 13686.1kN, the maximum overturning moment MY is 260115.5kN·m, while the maximum horizontal force on the pile cluster is 13775.0kN. For the cap and cluster, the load caused by irregular wave is greater than that caused by regular wave. The load increases with increasing wave height and period. Under the wave-current coupling effect, the variation trend of the wave load is similar to that under wave-only conditions. The load on the cap decreases with the increase of scouring depth, due to the wave deformation in shallow water. The load on the pile cluster increases with the increasing scouring depth due to the greater exposure to the fluid environment.
Effect of Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis on Anura Populations Batrachochytrium
Authors: Tsoi Yuettung 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Chytrium (Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis) is a chytrium fungus that causes amphibian chytriomycosis. They were first discovered in 1998 and have been responsible for a large number of amphibian deaths over the next decade. Chytrid fungus grows on amphibian skin and produces free aquatic spores. They are widely distributed in deserts and lowland forests to cold hilltops. They can cause disease in upland (low temperature) amphibians, causing significant mortality. Chytrid infection has been associated with large numbers of amphibian deaths in north, south and central America, Europe and Australia. In this paper, the author summarized several factors influencing the transmission of chytrid by analyzing the existing data and data, including the transmission route, the worldwide distribution range and harm degree of chytrid, and the existing research and discussion on the elimination and prevention methods of chytrid. After collecting and analyzing data and literature, the author comes to the following conclusions: Firstly, the fungus originated in Africa and spread around the world through trade in animals such as xenopus africanus, and was endemic in Africa for many years before spreading around the world. Secondly, chytridiomycosis is one of the important factors contributing to the extinction of some amphibians in many places, including Africa and Australia. Thirdly, the factors that will affect the chytrid strain of chytrid fungus, the active degree and spread range of factors are temperature, human activities, amphibian’s own immunity, chemicals in pesticides, etc.
Radical Innovation Process in Sustainable Development and Knowledge Management: Toyota Prius Case Study
Authors: Tomlins Richard , Malynka Oksana , Sukumar Arun , Rao Mimi , Pandya Kaushik 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article looks at the inter-linkages and causalities between innovation and knowledge management in terms of sustainable development goals through the case study method. Taking the case of the Toyota Prius, these concepts are further developed in detail. Recognising the fact that no organisational process can happen in a vacuum and that there are a host of extraneous factors that have a significant impact on the process, factors such as culture, vision, incentives are also examined here. Further, this article delves into some of the characteristics that successful organisations display and seeks to extrapolate from the specific to general implications for organisations that aim to be successfully innovative.
De novo genome assembly of Solanum sitiens reveals structural variation associated with drought and salinity tolerance
Authors: Molitor Corentin , Kurowski Tomasz J , Fidalgo de Almeida Pedro M , Eerolla Pramod , Spindlow Daniel J , Kashyap Sarvesh P , Singh Bijendra , Prasanna H C , Thompson Andrew J , Mohareb Fady R 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Solanum sitiens is a self-incompatible wild relative of tomato, characterized by salt and drought-resistance traits, with the potential to contribute through breeding programmes to crop improvement in cultivated tomato. This species has a distinct morphology, classification and ecotype compared to other stress resistant wild tomato relatives such as S.pennellii and S.chilense. Therefore, the availability of a reference genome for S.sitiens will facilitate the genetic and molecular understanding of salt and drought resistance.

Results
A high-quality de novo genome and transcriptome assembly for S.sitiens (Accession LA1974) has been developed. A hybrid assembly strategy was followed using Illumina short reads (∼159× coverage) and PacBio long reads (∼44× coverage), generating a total of ∼262 Gbp of DNA sequence. A reference genome of 1245 Mbp, arranged in 1483 scaffolds with an N50 of 1.826 Mbp was generated. Genome completeness was estimated at 95% using the Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) and the K-mer Analysis Tool (KAT). In addition, ∼63 Gbp of RNA-Seq were generated to support the prediction of 31 164 genes from the assembly, and to perform a de novo transcriptome. Lastly, we identified three large inversions compared to S.lycopersicum, containing several drought-resistance-related genes, such as beta-amylase 1 and YUCCA7.

Availability and implementation
S.sitiens (LA1974) raw sequencing, transcriptome and genome assembly have been deposited at the NCBI’s Sequence Read Archive, under the BioProject number ‘PRJNA633104’. All the commands and scripts necessary to generate the assembly are available at the following github repository: https://github.com/MCorentin/Solanum_sitiens_assembly.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Narrative scientific data visualization in an immersive environment
Authors: Liu Richen , Wang Hailong , Zhang Chuyu , Chen Xiaojian , Wang Lijun , Ji Genlin , Zhao Bin , Mao Zhiwei , Yang Dan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Narrative visualization for scientific data explorations can help users better understands the domain knowledge, because narrative visualizations often present a sequence of facts and observations linked together by a unifying theme or argument. Narrative visualization in immersive environments can provide users with an intuitive experience to interactively explore the scientific data, because immersive environments provide a brand new strategy for interactive scientific data visualization and exploration. However, it is challenging to develop narrative scientific visualization in immersive environments. In this article, we propose an immersive narrative visualization tool to create and customize scientific data explorations for ordinary users with little knowledge about programming on scientific visualization. They are allowed to define point of interests (POIs) conveniently by the handler of an immersive device.

Results
Automatic exploration animations with narrative annotations can be generated by the gradual transitions between consecutive POI pairs. Besides, interactive slicing can be also controlled by device handler. Evaluations including user study and case study are designed and conducted to show the usability and effectiveness of the proposed tool.

Availability and implementation
Related information can be accessed at: https://dabigtou.github.io/richenliu/

Supplementary information
Supplementary data (video) are available at Bioinformatics online.
Krüppel-like factor 14 deletion in myeloid cells accelerates atherosclerotic lesion development
Authors: Wang Huilun , Guo Yanhong , Lu Haocheng , Luo Yonghong , Hu Wenting , Liang Wenying , Garcia-Barrio Minerva T , Chang Lin , Schwendeman Anna , Zhang Jifeng , Chen Y Eugene 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsAtherosclerosis is the dominant pathologic basis of many cardiovascular diseases. Large genome-wide association studies have identified that single-nucleotide polymorphisms proximal to Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14), a member of the zinc finger family of transcription factors, are associated with higher cardiovascular risks. Macrophage dysfunction contributes to atherosclerosis development and has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target for treating many cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we address the biologic function of KLF14 in macrophages and its role during the development of atherosclerosis.Methods and resultsKLF14 expression was markedly decreased in cholesterol loaded foam cells, and overexpression of KLF14 significantly increased cholesterol efflux and inhibited the inflammatory response in macrophages. We generated myeloid cell-selective Klf14 knockout (Klf14LysM) mice in the ApoE-/- background for the atherosclerosis study. Klf14LysMApoE-/- and litter-mate control mice (Klf14fl/flApoE-/-) were placed on the Western Diet for 12 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. Macrophage Klf14 deficiency resulted in increased atherosclerosis development without affecting the plasma lipid profiles. Klf14-deficient peritoneal macrophages showed significantly reduced cholesterol efflux resulting in increased lipid accumulation and exacerbated inflammatory response. Mechanistically, KLF14 upregulates the expression of a key cholesterol efflux transporter, ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1), while it suppresses the expression of several critical components of the inflammatory cascade. In macrophages, activation of KLF14 by its activator, perhexiline, a drug clinically used to treat angina, significantly inhibited the inflammatory response and increased cholesterol efflux in a KLF14-dependent manner in macrophages without triggering hepatic lipogenesis.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into the anti-atherosclerotic effects of myeloid KLF14 through promoting cholesterol efflux and suppressing the inflammatory response. Activation of KLF14 may represent a potential new therapeutic approach to prevent or treat atherosclerosis.
Bronchoscopic submucosal dissection with Hybrid Knife: a new technique treating tracheal leiomyoma
Authors: Gu Chuanjia , Chen Junxiang , Zheng Xiaoxuan , Sun Jiayuan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Primary tracheal leiomyoma is exceedingly rare and recommended management has not been defined yet. Surgical management has been considered to be the standard treatment historically. Bronchoscopic intervention may be an ideal alternative for patients who refuse or are not fit for surgery. We report the first bronchoscopic submucosal dissection using an innovative water-jet Hybrid Knife performed on a patient with recurrent primary tracheal leiomyoma.
Inhibition of alternative respiration system of Scheffersomyces stipitis and effect on glucose or xylose fermentation
Authors: Granados-Arvizu J A , Canizal-García M , Madrigal-Pérez L A , González-Hernández J C , Regalado-González C 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Scheffersomyces stipitis is a Crabtree-negative pentose fermenting yeast, which shows a complex respiratory system involving a cytochrome and an alternative salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM)-sensitive respiration mechanism that is poorly understood. This work aimed to investigate the role of the antimycin A (AA) sensitive respiration and SHAM-sensitive respiration in the metabolism of xylose and glucose by S. stipitis, upon different agitation conditions. Inhibition of the SHAM-sensitive respiration caused a significant (P &lt; 0.05) decrease in glycolytic flux and oxygen consumption when using glucose and xylose under agitation conditions, but without agitation, only a mild reduction was observed. The combination of SHAM and AA abolished respiration, depleting the glycolytic flux using both carbon sources tested, leading to increased ethanol production of 21.05 g/L at 250 rpm for 0.5 M glucose, and 8.3 g/L ethanol using xylose. In contrast, inhibition of only the AA-sensitive respiration, caused increased ethanol production to 30 g/L using 0.5 M glucose at 250 rpm, and 11.3 g/L from 0.5 M xylose without agitation. Results showed that ethanol production can be induced by respiration inhibition, but the active role of SHAM-sensitive respiration should be considered to investigate better conditions to increase and optimize yields.
Remaking the World in America's Image: Surprise, Strategic Culture, and the American Ways of Intervention
Authors: Boyle Michael J , Lang Anthony F 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhy does the United States seek to export its own political and economic system as part of an intervention? We argue that the United States has an ideologically inflected strategic culture which has yielded two “ways” of intervention over time. The limited model is cost-conscious and cedes control over the future of the state to local actors provided that they guarantee open markets and good government. The vindicationist model involves the United States paying costs to remake another society in its own image. We argue that the vindicationist way of intervention is activated by specific types of strategic surprises, which cause policymakers to react by gambling on interventions to remake another society. To empirically investigate this claim, we examine the record of America's major interventions from 1946 to 2005 and present two contrasting case studies of Cold War interventions in Lebanon and the Dominican Republic.
War, Performance, and the Survival of Foreign Ministers
Authors: Bäck Hanna , Teorell Jan , Von Hagen-Jamar Alexander , Quiroz Flores Alejandro 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Why do some foreign ministers stay longer in office than others? Are they punished when the country loses a war? Several scholars have focused on the tenure of leaders as an important predictor of foreign policy outcomes, such as war onset, creating an interest in leadership survival. We here shift the focus to the survival of other important politicians in cabinet—foreign ministers, hypothesizing that their tenure depends on their performance in office. For example, we expect that foreign ministers stay longer in office when the country experiences an armed conflict resulting in a win or in a compromise agreement. We evaluate and find support for several of our hypotheses using an original historical dataset, which comprises all foreign ministers of the world's thirteen great powers from the early modern period to the present, covering about 1,100 foreign minister-terms of office.
Iatrogenic Iron Promotes Neurodegeneration and Activates Self-Protection of Neural Cells against Exogenous Iron Attacks
Authors: Xia Maosheng , Liang Shanshan , Li Shuai , Ji Ming , Chen Beina , Zhang Manman , Dong Chengyi , Chen Binjie , Gong Wenliang , Wen Gehua , Zhan Xiaoni , Zhang Dianjun , Li Xinyu , Zhou Yuefei , Guan Dawei , Verkhratsky Alexei , Li Baoman 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Metal implants are used worldwide, with millions of nails, plates, and fixtures grafted during orthopedic surgeries. Iron is the most common element of these metal implants. As time passes, implants can be corroded and iron can be released. Ionized iron permeates the surrounding tissues and enters circulation; importantly, iron ions pass through the blood–brain barrier. Can iron from implants represent a risk factor for neurological diseases? This remains an unanswered question. In this study, we discovered that patients with metal implants delivered through orthopedic surgeries have higher incidence of Parkinson’s disease or ischemic stroke compared to patients who underwent similar surgeries but did not have implants. Concentration of serum iron and ferritin was increased in subjects with metal implants. In experiments in vivo, we found that injection of iron dextran selectively decreased the presence of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in neurons through increasing the expression of Ndfip1, which degrades DMT1 and does not exist in glial cells. At the same time, excess of iron increased expression of DMT1 in astrocytes and microglial cells and triggered reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis. Facing the attack of excess iron, glial cells act as neuroprotectors to accumulate more extracellular iron by upregulating DMT1, whereas neurons limit iron uptake through increasing DMT1 degradation. Cerebral accumulation of iron in animals is associated with impaired cognition, locomotion, and mood. Excess iron from surgical implants thus can affect neural cells and may be regarded as a risk factor for neurodegeneration.
Social network analysis of the genealogy of strawberry: retracing the wild roots of heirloom and modern cultivars
Authors: Pincot Dominique D. A , Ledda Mirko , Feldmann Mitchell J , Hardigan Michael A , Poorten Thomas J , Runcie Daniel E , Heffelfinger Christopher , Dellaporta Stephen L , Cole Glenn S , Knapp Steven J 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe widely recounted story of the origin of cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) oversimplifies the complex interspecific hybrid ancestry of the highly admixed populations from which heirloom and modern cultivars have emerged. To develop deeper insights into the three-century-long domestication history of strawberry, we reconstructed the genealogy as deeply as possible—pedigree records were assembled for 8,851 individuals, including 2,656 cultivars developed since 1775. The parents of individuals with unverified or missing pedigree records were accurately identified by applying an exclusion analysis to array-genotyped single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We identified 187 wild octoploid and 1,171 F. × ananassa founders in the genealogy, from the earliest hybrids to modern cultivars. The pedigree networks for cultivated strawberry are exceedingly complex labyrinths of ancestral interconnections formed by diverse hybrid ancestry, directional selection, migration, admixture, bottlenecks, overlapping generations, and recurrent hybridization with common ancestors that have unequally contributed allelic diversity to heirloom and modern cultivars. Fifteen to 333 ancestors were predicted to have transmitted 90% of the alleles found in country-, region-, and continent-specific populations. Using parent–offspring edges in the global pedigree network, we found that selection cycle lengths over the past 200 years of breeding have been extraordinarily long (16.0-16.9 years/generation), but decreased to a present-day range of 6.0-10.0 years/generation. Our analyses uncovered conspicuous differences in the ancestry and structure of North American and European populations, and shed light on forces that have shaped phenotypic diversity in F. × ananassa.
The genetic architecture of human complex phenotypes is modulated by linkage disequilibrium and heterozygosity
Authors: Holland Dominic , Frei Oleksandr , Desikan Rahul , Fan Chun-Chieh , Shadrin Alexey A , Smeland Olav B , Andreassen Ole A , Dale Anders M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We propose an extended Gaussian mixture model for the distribution of causal effects of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for human complex phenotypes that depends on linkage disequilibrium (LD) and heterozygosity (H), while also allowing for independent components for small and large effects. Using a precise methodology showing how genome-wide association studies (GWASs) summary statistics (z-scores) arise through LD with underlying causal SNPs, we applied the model to GWAS of multiple human phenotypes. Our findings indicated that causal effects are distributed with dependence on total LD and H, whereby SNPs with lower total LD and H are more likely to be causal with larger effects; this dependence is consistent with models of the influence of negative pressure from natural selection. Compared with the basic Gaussian mixture model it is built on, the extended model—primarily through quantification of selection pressure—reproduces with greater accuracy the empirical distributions of z-scores, thus providing better estimates of genetic quantities, such as polygenicity and heritability, that arise from the distribution of causal effects.
Scarless engineering of theDrosophilagenome near any site-specific integration site
Authors: Feng Siqian , Lu Shan , Grueber Wesley B , Mann Richard S 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe describe a simple and efficient technique that allows scarless engineering of Drosophila genomic sequences near any landing site containing an inverted attP cassette, such as a MiMIC insertion. This two-step method combines phiC31 integrase-mediated site-specific integration and homing nuclease-mediated resolution of local duplications, efficiently converting the original landing site allele to modified alleles that only have the desired change(s). Dominant markers incorporated into this method allow correct individual flies to be efficiently identified at each step. In principle, single attP sites and FRT sites are also valid landing sites. Given the large and increasing number of landing site lines available in the fly community, this method provides an easy and fast way to efficiently edit the majority of the Drosophila genome in a scarless manner. This technique should also be applicable to other species.