bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation of Pre‐Stroke Aspirin Use With Cerebral Infarct Volume and Functional Outcomes
Authors: Ryu Wi‐Sun , Schellingerhout Dawid , Hong Keun‐Sik , Jeong Sang‐Wuk , Kim Beom Joon , Kim Joon‐Tae , Lee Kyung Bok , Park Tai Hwan , Park Sang‐Soon , Park Jong‐Moo , Kang Kyusik , Cho Yong‐Jin , Park Hong‐Kyun , Lee Byung‐Chul , Yu Kyung‐Ho , Oh Mi Sun , Lee Soo Joo , Kim Jae Guk , Cha Jae‐Kwan , Kim Dae‐Hyun , Lee Jun , Han Moon‐Ku , Park Man Seok , Choi Kang‐Ho , Nahrendorf Matthias , Lee Juneyoung , Bae Hee‐Joon , Kim Dong‐Eog 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveWe investigated (1) the associations of pre‐stroke aspirin use with thrombus burden, infarct volume, hemorrhagic transformation, early neurological deterioration (END), and functional outcome, and (2) whether stroke subtypes modify these associations in first‐ever ischemic stroke.MethodsThis multicenter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based study included 5,700 consecutive patients with acute first‐ever ischemic stroke, who did not undergo intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy, from May 2011 through February 2014. Propensity score‐based augmented inverse probability weighting was performed to estimate adjusted effects of pre‐stroke aspirin use.ResultsThe mean age was 67 years (41% women), and 15.9% (n = 907) were taking aspirin before stroke. Pre‐stroke aspirin use (vs nonuse) was significantly related to a reduced infarct volume (by 30%), particularly in large artery atherosclerosis stroke (by 45%). In cardioembolic stroke, pre‐stroke aspirin use was associated with a ~50% lower incidence of END (adjusted difference = −5.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −8.9 to −1.9). Thus, pre‐stroke aspirin use was associated with ~30% higher likelihood of favorable outcome (3‐month modified Rankin Scale score < 3), particularly in large artery atherosclerosis stroke and cardioembolic stroke (adjusted difference = 7.2%, 95% CI = 1.8 to 12.5 and adjusted difference = 6.4%, 95% CI = 1.7 to 11.1, respectively). Pre‐stroke aspirin use (vs nonuse) was associated with 85% less frequent cerebral thrombus‐related susceptibility vessel sign (SVS) in large artery atherosclerosis stroke (adjusted difference = −1.4%, 95% CI = −2.1 to −0.8, p < 0.001) and was associated with ~40% lower SVS volumes, particularly in cardioembolic stroke (adjusted difference = −0.16 cm3, 95% CI = −0.29 to −0.02, p = 0.03). Moreover, pre‐stroke aspirin use was not significantly associated with hemorrhagic transformation (adjusted difference = −1.1%, p = 0.09).InterpretationPre‐stroke aspirin use associates with improved functional independence in patients with first‐ever ischemic large arterial stroke by reducing infarct volume and/or END, likely by decreasing thrombus burden, without increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:763–776
Direct, Site‐Selective and Redox‐Neutral α‐C−H Bond Functionalization of Tetrahydrofurans via Quantum Dots Photocatalysis
Authors: Qiao Jia , Song Zi‐Qi , Huang Cheng , Ci Rui‐Nan , Liu Zan , Chen Bin , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wu Li‐Zhu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs one of the most ubiquitous bulk reagents available, the intrinsic chemical inertness of tetrahydrofuran (THF) makes direct and site‐selective C(sp3)−H bond activation difficult, especially under redox neutral condition. Here, we demonstrate that semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) can activate α‐C−H bond of THF via forming QDs/THF conjugates. Under visible light irradiation, the resultant alkoxyalkyl radical directly engages in radical cross‐coupling with α‐amino radical from amino C−H bonds or radical addition with alkene or phenylacetylene, respectively. In contrast to stoichiometric oxidant or hydrogen atom transfer reagents required in previous studies, the scalable benchtop approach can execute α‐C−H bond activation of THF only by a QD photocatalyst under redox‐neutral condition, thus providing a broad of value added chemicals starting from bulk THFs reagent.
Iodide‐Induced Fragmentation of Polymerized Hydrophilic Carbon Nitride for High‐Performance Quasi‐Homogeneous Photocatalytic H2O2 Production
Authors: Che Huinan , Gao Xin , Chen Juan , Hou Jun , Ao Yanhui , Wang Peifang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPolymeric carbon nitride (PCN) as a class of two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2 e− ORR) photocatalyst has attracted much attention for H2O2 production. However, the low activity and inferior selectivity of 2 e− ORR greatly restrict the H2O2 production efficiency. Herein, we develop a new strategy to synthesize hydrophilic, fragmented PCN photocatalyst by the terminating polymerization (TP‐PCN) effect of iodide ions. The obtained TP‐PCN with abundant edge active sites (AEASs), which can form quasi‐homogeneous photocatalytic system, exhibits superior H2O2 generation rate (3265.4 μM h−1), far surpassing PCN and other PCN‐based photocatalysts. DFT calculations further indicate that TP‐PCN is more favorable for electron transiting from β spin‐orbital to the π* orbitals of O2, which optimizes O2 activation and reduces the energy barrier of H2O2 formation. This work provides a new concept for designing functional photocatalysts and understanding the mechanism of O2 activation in ORR for H2O2 production.
Polymorphic fingerprint as an approach to authenticate Iberian pig categories
Authors: Bayés‐García Laura , Colomer‐Llombart Eduard , Aguilar‐Jiménez Mercedes , Calvet Teresa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHigh‐commercial‐value products are often susceptible to food fraud. Among them, Iberian dry‐cured ham is highly appreciated due to its particular and sensory, but also nutritional, properties. There are four different Iberian ham categories (namely bellota, recebo, cebo de campo and cebo), which directly depend on the rearing system of the pig during the last stage of the fattening phase. However, there is still a lack of a normalized and robust method capable of authenticating the different product categories and, therefore, preventing mislabeling. In the present work, we characterized the polymorphic behavior of raw (before curing) lipid extracts belonging to the four categories of Iberian pig. A total of 80 different samples were analyzed by DSC, and synchrotron radiation XRD experiments were carried out for selected ones. The results obtained showed that bellota and recebo categories exhibited essentially the same crystallization and polymorphic behavior and this was significantly different (p < 0.05) from that of cebo de campo and cebo. The latter exhibited higher crystallization and melting temperatures than bellota and recebo samples, due to the occurrence of an additional β′‐2L polymorphic form. By considering the differences in rearing systems of pigs belonging to the different categories, we concluded that the key factor which determined the polymorphism of Iberian pig lipid extracts was not the physical exercise practiced by the pig, but the inclusion of acorns in the feeding system. This work demonstrated that thermal and crystallographic techniques, like DSC and XRD, may be promoted to be used as fingerprinting tools for the authentication of high‐value food products.
Understanding the effect of processing temperature and carbon nanotube addition on the viscoelastic response of polyurethane foams
Authors: Bhinder Jasdeep , Agnihotri Prabhat K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe experimentally demonstrate a strategy to design the microstructure and hence viscoelastic behavior of polyurethane (PU) foams. PU foams are fabricated at two temperatures (room and −5°C) and reinforced with varying concentrations of oxidized carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Hierarchical pores, thicker cell walls, higher density, and low porosity are recorded in PU foams processed at −5°C. The addition of CNTs improves the cell wall stiffness and thermal stability of PU foams. Master curves constructed from dynamic mechanical analysis show that processing at −5°C and addition of 1.6 wt.% oxidized CNTs enhance the storage modulus of PU foams over a wide temperature and frequency range. Prony series analysis reveals that PU foams fabricated at −5°C have significantly lower relaxation time. Moreover, the elastic modulus of PU foams processed using optimized conditions shows stronger rate dependency in comparison to other types of PU foams fabricated in this work.
Thin‐layer photodegradable polyrotaxane gel‐immobilized surfaces for photoregulation of surface properties and cell adhesiveness
Authors: Kang Tae Woong , Tamura Atsushi , Arisaka Yoshinori , Yui Nobuhiko 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThin‐layer photodegradable polyrotaxane (PRX) gel‐immobilized surfaces were fabricated to investigate the photoregulation of surface properties. Photodegradable PRXs comprising α‐cyclodextrin as a cyclic molecule, poly(ethylene glycol) as a polymer axel, and bulky trithiocarbonate as a photolabile stopper molecule (PRX‐MTP) were utilized for the fabrication of thin‐layer gels. PRX‐MTP gels were prepared on the surface of the glasses, where the surfaces were treated with an isocyanate group‐containing silane coupling agent to allow the covalent immobilization of the PRX‐MTP gels. This PRX‐MTP gel layer was disappeared upon irradiation with ultraviolet (UV; 365 nm) or visible light (465 nm) for 2 h due to the photodegradation of PRX‐MTPs. The surface wettability and roughness were changed owing to the photodegradation of the PRX‐MTP gel layer. When cells were seeded on the PRX‐MTP gel surfaces, adhesion was not observed. However, visible light irradiation of the PRX‐MTP gel layer resulted in cell adhesion on the irradiated surfaces. Consequently, it was determined that the surface properties and cell adhesiveness of the PRX‐MTP gel surfaces could be regulated by visible light irradiation. The photodegradable PRX‐MTP gel surfaces could be utilized for research on cell patterning, cell function control, and advanced cell culture system.
Distribution and establishment of the alien Australian redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus, in the Zambezi Basin
Authors: Madzivanzira Takudzwa C. , South Josie , Ellender Bruce R. , Chalmers Russell , Chisule Gethings , Coppinger Christine R. , Khaebeb Fernandu H. , Jacobs Francois J. , Chomba Machaya , Musando Bumango , Mwale Chanda , Nhiwatiwa Tamuka , Rennie Craig L. , Richardson Naomi , Weyl Olaf L. F. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Crayfish are invasive polytrophic keystone species, which are phylogenetically unique on the African continent. The Australian redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus is invasive in southern African freshwater systems including the Zambezi River Basin. Surveys conducted across the Zambezi Basin (Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia and Zambia) between 2017 and 2019 showed that C. quadricarinatus is broadly distributed across the Upper and Middle Zambezi and is rapidly spreading through natural and human‐mediated means across several ecoregions.
The probability of capture (Pcapture), catch per unit effort (CPUE) and population characteristics of C. quadricarinatus from the recent Barotse floodplain invasion were compared with older invasions from Lake Kariba and Kafue River.
The Pcapture and CPUE of C. quadricarinatus in the recently invaded region of the Barotse floodplain were similar to those of the older invasions. Mass and carapace length of C. quadricarinatus from the Barotse floodplain were significantly lower than those of C. quadricarinatus from the older invasions. Sex ratios differed significantly between the three invasive populations. The Barotse floodplain population had a disproportionate investment in females (65.3%) and intersex individuals (8.4%). No crayfish were detected in the Zambezian Headwaters or the Okavango Floodplains ecoregions, but current spread rates are 49 km yr−1 downstream and 12 km yr−1 upstream.
Investment in population management and the prevention of spread will have high conservation value across the invaded regions in order to restrict crayfish ecological impacts via direct predation and competition. In areas where crayfish are in high abundance, existing fisheries are affected through damage to nets, leading to increased net abandonment and ghost gear pollution in invaded regions.
The emphasis should be on developing cohesive transboundary biosecurity policies in southern Africa to limit further spread that will threaten the integrity of freshwater ecosystems. However, long‐term monitoring is needed to gauge invasion risk to sensitive areas such as the Okavango Floodplains ecoregion and determine field‐based ecological impacts.
Bygone theatres of events: A history of human anatomy and dissection
Authors: Brenna Connor T. A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOver the last four millennia, the discipline of anatomy and its relationships with medicine and society have evolved dramatically. Human dissection, the perennial tool for anatomical discovery and education, has both guided this evolution and matured alongside it. Soon after the first cadaveric dissections recorded in ancient Greece, China, India, and Persia, clear endorsements of its practice fell largely silent in the anatomical record for 1,500 years before reappearing in Europe at the dawn of the Renaissance. Between the 13th and 18th centuries CE, the performance of anatomical dissection became a popular form of education and public entertainment, and the demand for human cadavers steadily increased among European anatomical schools while supply remained limited by legal statute. This gave rise to an informal group of amateur and professional body snatchers called the Resurrectionists and, later, inspired the Anatomy Act of 1832 CE. In the 20th and 21st centuries CE, voluntary body bequeathal programs have enabled the practice of human dissection to continue in academic centers as a cornerstone of anatomical education, now with a newfound focus on the development of affective skills. This article provides an abridged account of anatomy's development, highlighting key moments in its growth, the valuable contributions of many different societies to the discipline, and the important roles of several luminary anatomists of antiquity. Within the broader context of this history, it offers an overview of anatomical dissection's evocative past, spanning from its inception to its present‐day practice.
LncRNA DLGAP1‐AS1 accelerates glioblastoma cell proliferation through targeting miR‐515‐5p/ROCK1/NFE2L1 axis and activating Wnt signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Zixuan , Han Yipeng , Li Qifeng , Wang Baocheng , Ma Jie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionGlioblastoma (GBM), the primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system, features high aggressiveness and mortality. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can exert the crucial function in regulating various human diseases, including GBM. However, the function and mechanism of lncRNA DLGAP1 antisense RNA 1 (DLGAP1‐AS1) in GBM remain still unknown.MethodsDLGAP1‐AS1 expression in GBM cells was detected by RT‐qPCR. Functional assays were conducted to determine GBM cell proliferation and apoptosis. RIP, RNA pull down, and luciferase reporter assay were applied for measuring the interplay of DLGAP1‐AS1 with other RNAs.ResultsDLGAP1‐AS1 was distinctly upregulated in GBM cells. DLGAP1‐AS1 depletion inhibited cell proliferation, but induced apoptosis. MiR‐515‐5p could be sponged by DLGAP1‐AS1 in GBM cells and to repress cell proliferation in GBM. Further, Rho‐associated coiled‐coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) and Nuclear factor erythroid‐2 like 1 (NFE2L1) were confirmed as the target gene of miR‐515‐5p. Wnt signaling pathway could be activated by DLGAP1‐AS1 via regulating ROCK1 and NFE2L1 expression. Rescue assays proved that overexpression of both ROCK1 and NFE2L1 could totally reverse the inhibitory effect of silencing DLGAP1‐AS1 on GBM cell proliferation.ConclusionLncRNA DLGAP1‐AS1 accelerated cell proliferation in GBM via targeting miR‐515‐5p/ROCK1/NFE2L1 axis and activating Wnt signaling pathway.
Tractography of the ansa lenticularis in the human brain
Authors: Li Mengjun , Ribas Eduardo Carvalhal , Zhang Zhiping , Wu Xiaolong , Wang Xu , Liu Xiaohai , Liang Jiantao , Chen Ge , Li Mingchu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to make a thorough investigation of the trajectory of the ansa lenticularis (AL) and its subcomponents using high‐resolution fiber‐tracking tractography. The subcomponents of the AL were reconstructed from one region of interest (ROI) in the area of the globus pallidus combined with another ROI in the red nucleus, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, or thalamus. This fiber‐tracking protocol was tested in an HCP‐1065 template, 35 healthy subjects from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), and 20 healthy subjects from the human connectome project (HCP) using generalized q‐sampling imaging (GQI)‐based tractography. Quantitative anisotropy and fractional anisotropy were also computed for the AL subcomponents. The subcomponents of the AL could be reconstructed in the HCP‐1065 template, 35 MGH healthy subjects, and 20 HCP healthy subjects. The AL descends from the globus pallidus and joins the ansa peduncularis for a short distance, subdividing later into fibers that continue separately to the red nucleus, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, and thalamus. The study demonstrated the trajectory of the ansa lenticularis and its subcomponents using GQI‐based tractography, improving our understanding of the anatomical connectivity between the globus pallidus and the thalamo‐subthalamic region in the human brain. One Sentence Summary The investigation of the ansa lenticularis and its subcomponents using high‐resolution diffusion images based tractography.
Association of dietary fat intake and hepatocellular carcinoma among US adults
Authors: Moussa Iman , Day Rena S. , Li Ruosha , Kaseb Ahmed , Jalal Prasun K. , Daniel‐MacDougall Carrie , Hatia Rikita I. , Abdelhakeem Ahmed , Rashid Asif , Chun Yun Shin , Li Donghui , Hassan Manal M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsThe role of dietary fat consumption in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. We investigated the associations of total fat and fatty acids with risk of HCC among US adults in a hospital‐based case–control study.MethodsWe analyzed data from 641 cases and 1034 controls recruited at MD Anderson Cancer Center during 2001–2018. Cases were new patients with a pathologically or radiologically confirmed diagnosis of HCC; controls were cancer‐free spouses of patients with cancers other than gastrointestinal, lung, liver, or head and neck. Cases and controls were frequency‐matched by age and sex. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using unconditional logistic regression with adjustment for major HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection.ResultsMonounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake was inversely associated with HCC risk (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.33–0.72). Total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake was directly associated with HCC risk (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.23–2.70). Omega‐6 PUFA was directly associated with HCC risk (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR 2.29; 95% CI, 1.52–3.44). Long‐chain omega‐3 PUFA (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) intake was also inversely associated with HCC risk (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.33–0.70). No association was observed for saturated fat and HCC risk.ConclusionOur findings support a direct association of omega‐6 PUFA intake with HCC and an inverse association of MUFA and long‐chain omega‐3 PUFA intake with HCC.
Prosocial behaviours under collective quarantine conditions. A latent class analysis study during the 2020COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy
Authors: Aresi Giovanni , Procentese Fortuna , Gattino Silvia , Tzankova Iana , Gatti Flora , Compare Christian , Marzana Daniela , Mannarini Terri , Fedi Angela , Marta Elena , Guarino Antonella 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe aimed to identify the patterns of prosocial behaviours under collective quarantine conditions. Survey data were collected from a sample of Italian adults during the March May 2020 COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy. Participants reported on offline and online prosocial behaviours, sense of community responsibility (SoC‐R) and perceptions of community resilience. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used for data analysis. A total of 4,045 participants completed the survey, and 2,562 were eligible (72% female; mean age 38.7 years). LCA revealed four classes of prosocial behaviours:Money donors(7%),Online and offline helpers(59%),Online health information sharers(21%) andNeighbour helpers(13%). The classes were partially invariant across age groups (18‐35 and 35‐65 years). Being a man, having achieved a higher educational level and higher SoC‐R scores were associated with belonging to theOnline and offline helperclass. The members of this class also reported the greatest perceptions of community resilience. The results provide insight on the multidimensionality of prosociality under collective quarantine conditions.Online and offline helperscould be targeted for promoting sustained altruism and involvement in community organisations. For the other groups, programmes should aim at eliminating barriers to help others in multiple ways. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article'sCommunity and Social Impact Statement.
Accelerated Discovery of Potent Bioactive anti‐TNFα Aptamers by Microbead‐Assisted Capillary Electrophoresis (MACE)‐SELEX
Authors: Nagano Masanobu , Oguro Takumi , Sawada Ryo , Yoshitomi Toru , Yoshimoto Keitaro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDysregulation of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα), a pro‐inflammatory cytokine, causes several diseases, making it an important therapeutic target. Here, we identified a novel DNA aptamer against human TNFα using in vitro selection, which included a high exclusion pressure process against non‐binding and weak binders through microbead‐assisted capillary electrophoresis (MACE) in only three rounds. Among the 15 most enriched aptamers, Apt14 exhibited the highest inhibitory activity for the interaction between TNFα and its cognate receptor in mouse L929 cells. For further improving the bioactivity of the aptamer, dimerization programed by hybridization was evaluated, resulting in the Apt14 dimer exhibited a twofold higher binding affinity and stronger inhibition compared to the monomer counterpart. Rapid identification of bioactive aptamers using MACE in combination with facile dimerization by hybridization accelerates the discovery of novel bioactive aptamers, paving the way toward replacing current monoclonal antibody therapy with the less expensive and non‐immunogenic aptamer therapy.
Becker muscular dystrophy with dilated cardiomyopathy: A case report
Authors: Chen Yongliang , Zhu Yunlong , Zhou Yuying , Zeng Jianping 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBecker muscular dystrophy (BMD) complicated with DCM is rare in our daily clinical practice. BMD serves an etiology for heart failure patients due to DCM. Multidisciplinary management is required in this case.
A case report of endometrial adenocarcinoma with leptomeningeal metastases
Authors: Fazilat‐Panah Danial , Dehghani Mansoureh , Ahmadi Nahid , Karimi Masoumeh , Soleimani Varaki Sakineh , Emadi Torghabeh Ali , Mahmoudi Hamide , Keshtpour Amlashi Zahra , Saghafi Mohammadreza , Fatemi Maedeh Alsadat , Shokri Bousjin Amir 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn patients with a history of solid tumors, any new onset of neurological symptoms should be assessed for central nervous system involvement even in rare cases such as gynecological malignancies that nervous system involvement is a rare event.