bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional investigation of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and associated risk factors in children and adolescents in the United States
Authors: Levorson Rebecca E. , Christian Erica , Hunter Brett , Sayal Jasdeep , Sun Jiayang , Bruce Scott A. , Garofalo Stephanie , Southerland Matthew , Ho Svetlana , Levy Shira , Defillipi Christopher , Peake Lilian , Place Frederick C. , Hourigan Suchitra K. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 data remain limited and seropositivity rates in children were reported as <1% early in the pandemic. Seroepidemiologic evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 in children in a major metropolitan region of the US was performed.

Methods
Children and adolescents ≤19 years were enrolled in a cross-sectional, observational study of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence from July-October 2020 in Northern Virginia, US. Demographic, health, and COVID-19 exposure information was collected, and blood analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein total antibody. Risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity were analyzed. Orthogonal antibody testing was performed, and samples were evaluated for responses to different antigens.

Results
In 1038 children, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibody positivity rate was 8.5%. After multivariate logistic regression, significant risk factors included Hispanic ethnicity, public or absent insurance, a history of COVID-19 symptoms, exposure to person with COVID-19, a household member positive for SARS-CoV-2 and multi-family or apartment dwelling without a private entrance. 66% of seropositive children had no symptoms of COVID-19. Secondary analysis included orthogonal antibody testing with assays for 1) a receptor binding domain specific antigen and 2) a nucleocapsid specific antigen had concordance rates of 80.5% and 79.3% respectively.

Conclusions
A much higher burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as determined by seropositivity, was found in children than previously reported; this was also higher compared to adults in the same region at a similar time. Contrary to prior reports, we determined children shoulder a significant burden of COVID-19 infection. The role of children’s disease transmission must be considered in COVID-19 mitigation strategies including vaccination.
Language use variation of L2 writers in weblog across different gender and genres
Authors: Puspita Dian , Suprayogi Suprayogi 
Published: November 2021

Despite the growing interest in investigating learners’ corpora, surprisingly little research has been conducted on the language use of L2 writers and its relation to the gender and genres in writing. Therefore, this study was aimed to find out the variation of language use in different genres or gender in weblogs, one of popular modes of computer-mediated communication (CMC). The study was done by conducting multivariate analysis using R program to weblog entries from a sample balanced of author gender (female or male) and weblog genre (diary or filter). Taking linguistic preferential features by Argamon et al (2003) and Pennebaker (2011) as dependent variables, the effect of genres or gender toward the use of the features was analyzed. The results showed that significant effects of several features can be considered as predictors. Personal pronouns and hedges (I think, and I believe) were found as predictors for diary; while the indefinite articles a/an and numbers were found as predictors for filter. As for the different language use by gender, female predictors were personal pronoun, verbs, negation, certainty words, and hedges. Meanwhile, the indefinite articles a/an, numbers, and preposition were the predictors of male writers.
Different Prevalence of Alarm, Dyspeptic and Reflux Symptoms in Patients with Cardia and Non-cardia Gastric Cancer
Authors: Franck Caspar , Zimmermann Nadja , Goni Elisabetta , Lippert Hans , Ridwelski Karsten , Kruschewski Martin , Kreuser Nicole , Lingohr Philipp , Schildberg Claus , Vassos Nikolaos , Waidmann Oliver , Peitz Ulrich , Lang Hauke , Grmminger Peter P , Bruns Christiane , Veits Lothar , Vieth Michael , Moehler Markus , Lordick Florian , Gockel Ines , Schumacher Johannes , Malfertheiner Peter , Venerito Marino 
Published: November 2021

Background and Aims: Symptoms of patients with gastric cancer (GC) are often unspecific and differences in symptoms between patients with cardia and non-cardia GC have been poorly investigated. We aimed to characterize symptoms of patients with cardia and non-cardia GC.
Methods: Patients with cardia (Siewert type II and III) and non-cardia GC were recruited in the German multicenter cohort of the Gastric Cancer Research (staR) study between 2013 and 2017. Alarm, dyspeptic and reflux symptoms at the time of presentation were documented using a self-administered questionnaire.
Results: A completed self-administered questionnaire was available for 568/759 recruited patients (132 cardia GC, 436 non-cardia GC, male 61%, mean age 64 years). Dyspeptic symptoms were more common in patients with non-cardia GC (69.0 vs. 54.5%, p=0.0024). Cardia GC patients reported more frequently alarm symptoms (69.7 vs. 44.7%, p<0.0001), and were more likely to have Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stage III-IV (54.1vs. 38.9%, p=0.0034). Especially, dysphagia and weight loss were more common in patients with cardia GC (49.2 vs. 6.4 %, p<0.0001 and 37.1 vs. 25.7%, p=0.02, respectively). No differences between the two groups were observed with respect to reflux symptoms. Patients with alarm symptoms were more likely to have UICC stage III-IV at presentation (69.4 vs. 42.9%, p<0.0001).
Conclusions: In clinical practice the symptom pattern at presentation may serve as a hint for tumor localization. Despite the fact that they are common in the general population, dyspeptic symptoms offer a chance for earlier GC detection. Thus, in patients with dyspeptic symptoms who fail empiric approaches, endoscopy should not be delayed.
Medical Genetics in Pediatric Practice
Authors:   AAP Committee on Genetics
Published: November 2021

Embodying current Policy of the AAP, this new resource provides practice-focused help for addressing virtually any genetics-related issue you’re likely to confront. It’s replete with expert insights, pediatric-specific solutions, and quick-access aids you won’t find anywhere else.
Consult this one-stop problem-solver for:
Here’s the how, why, where, and when of pediatric genetic care:
A Parent’s Guide to Childhood Obesity
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

This award-winning guide provides solutions and resources for parents and other caregivers who are concerned about childhood obesity and overweight children. Obesity among children has reached epidemic levels in the US, affecting more than 9 million children. Not surprisingly, obesity can limit a child’s physical activity and affect his or her self-esteem. But what’s more worrisome are the health risks associated with being too heavy: type 2 diabetes, hypertension, liver disease and other diseases and conditions. A Parent’s Guide to Childhood Obesity: A Roadmap to Health provides solutions and resources for parents and other caregivers who are concerned about childhood obesity and overweight children, and for those parents and others who simply want to learn how to help children lead healthier, more active lives. This comprehensive guide offers: Sensible, nutritional information and guidelines, emphasizing balanced and nourishing meals, Strategies for dealing effectively with a variety of parenting challenges, Approaches for encouraging increased physical activity, Questionnaires to evaluate how food is used in families
Guidance on how to partner with pediatricians, extended family members, schools, and child care providers to help ensure success.
Sports Success Rx
Authors: Stricker Paul R. 
Published: November 2021

The perfect prescription for both parents an coaches! Too often, excessive pressure to compete pushes kids into your office with overuse injuries, overwhelming stress, and burn out. Too often, excessive pressure to compete pushes kids into your office with overuse injuries, overwhelming stress, and burn out. Written by a pediatrician who is also board-certified in sports medicine, this book shows caretakers: How young bodies develop for sports, Age-appropriate skills, Proper conditioning and how it works on a cellular level, Why some kids compete to win attention,
Safer ways to help kids perform better, Positive and negative impact on young psyches, Strategies to overcome obesity and inactivity, It's a great way to help parents redefine success and provide a better, safer sports experience!
Building Resilience in Children and Teens
Authors: Ginsburg Kenneth R. , Jablow Martha M. 
Published: November 2021

Confronting the overwhelming amount of stress kids face today, this invaluable guide offers coping strategies for facing the combined elements of academic performance, high achievement standards, media messages, peer pressure, and family tension. This handbook acknowledges that adolescents commonly survive stress by either indulging in unhealthy behaviors or giving up completely, and its suggested solutions are aimed at strengthening resilience. The proposed plan enables kids from the age of 18 months to 18 years to build the seven crucial "C's"--competence, confidence, connection, character, contribution, coping, and control--needed to bounce back from challenges.
A variety of approaches are featured such as building on natural strengths, fostering hope and optimism, avoiding risky behaviors, and taking care of oneself physically and emotionally. With new chapters on perfectionism, the negative portrayal of teens, military families, and what parents can do when resilience has reached its limits, this examination also includes two personalized guides for creating customized strategies.
Pediatric Nurse Telephone Triage
Authors: Hertz Andrew R. 
Published: November 2021

The all-new Pediatric Nurse Telephone Triage is an invaluable resource for novice and seasoned triagers alike. It provides practical, how-to-do-it guidelines that make it an ideal staff training and skills-building tool. Plus, it brings you clinically proven recommendations to help enhance call outcomes for dozens of common pediatric problems. Look here for clear, straightforward advice encompassing all the "basics" of state-of-the-art nurse triage. Improve triage procedures and administration with detailed guidelines for those who perform telephone triage. Topics covered include: The nurse telephone triage process, Triage quality assurance, Standard assessment tools, The golden rules of nurse telephone triage,
Call documentation, Red flags to watch for, Call prioritization, Dealing with difficult callers and much more.
Pediatric Nutrition (Sponsored Member Benefit)
Authors:   AAP Committee on Nutrition
Published: November 2021

The new 7th edition provides the latest information about nutrient metabolism and nutrition to support the normal development and health of infants and children who are well, those born with congenital anomalies or disorders of metabolism, and those with acute and chronic illnesses.
Contents include:
- The latest evidence-based guidelines on feeding healthy infants and children
- Current policies and practice recommendations from the AAP Committee on Nutrition
- Several new chapters and appendices have been added, including chapters on school and daycare nutrition; gene and nutrient interaction; and metabolic programming.
- Recent advances and developments on topics that arise frequently in pediatric practice: breastfeeding, fast foods, vegetarian diets, persistent newborn diarrhea, preterm infant nutrition needs, chronic obesity, vitamin supplementation, and more
- Appendices of more than 50 tables including dietary allowances, energy requirements, composition of human milk and infant formulas, MyPlate, and more
- More than 20 growth charts for very low and low birth weights; full-term infants, children, and adolescents; down syndrome; and more
- Updated listings of resources for you and your patients, including printed materials, government agencies and Web sites
Coding for Pediatrics 2015
Authors:   AAP Committee on Coding and Nomenclature (COCN)
Published: November 2021

Coding for Pediatrics is the signature publication in a comprehensive suite of coding products offered by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). This AAP exclusive complements standard coding manuals with pediatric-specific documentation and billing solutions for pediatricians, nurse practitioners, administration staff, and pediatric coders.
The 20th edition has been fully updated and revised to include all changes to the 2015 Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) codes, complete with accompanying guidelines for their application. The numerous clinical vignettes and examples featured in the book, as well as the many coding pearls included throughout, have also been fully revised and revisited.
AM:STARs: Advances in the Treatment of Endocrine Disorders in Adolescents, Vol. 26, No. 2
Authors:   AAP Section on Adolescent Health
Published: November 2021

There are a series of endocrine disorders that can affect adolescents, some of which are related to growth and development and others that can occur at any age but may have specific implication for the adolescent age group. This issue provides a comprehensive update of endocrine issues seen in adolescents, with a focus on recent advances in diagnosis and treatment.
Contents in Advances in the Treatment of Endocrine Disorders in Adolescents include
Thyroid Disorders
Update on Diabetes Melitus
Disorders of Growth and Puberty
Bone Health in Adolescents
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Adrenal Disorders
Lipid Disorders
Endocrine Disorders in Pregnancy
Endocrine Abnormalities in Patients with Eating Disorders
Turner syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome
Disorders of Sex Development
Endocrine Disorders in Adolescent Cancer Survivors
Exposure to Electronic Cigarette Television Advertisements Among Youth and Young Adults
Authors: Duke Jennifer C. , Lee Youn O. , Kim Annice E. , Watson Kimberly A. , Arnold Kristin Y. , Nonnemaker James M. , Porter Lauren 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Currently, the US Food and Drug Administration does not regulate electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) marketing unless it is advertised as a smoking cessation aid. To date, the extent to which youth and young adults are exposed to e-cigarette television advertisements is unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze trends in youth and young adult exposure to e-cigarette television advertisements in the United States.

METHODS
Nielsen data on television household audiences’ exposure to e-cigarette advertising across US markets were examined by calendar quarter, year, and sponsor.

RESULTS
Youth exposure to television e-cigarette advertisements, measured by target rating points, increased 256% from 2011 to 2013. Young adult exposure increased 321% over the same period. More than 76% of all youth e-cigarette advertising exposure occurred on cable networks and was driven primarily by an advertising campaign for 1 e-cigarette brand.

CONCLUSIONS
E-cigarette companies currently advertise their products to a broad audience that includes 24 million youth. The dramatic increase in youth and young adult television exposure between 2011 and 2013 was driven primarily by a large advertising campaign on national cable networks. In the absence of evidencebased public health messaging, the current e-cigarette television advertising may be promoting beliefs and behaviors that pose harm to the public health. If current trends in e-cigarette television advertising continue, awareness and use of e-cigarettes are likely to increase among youth and young adults.
Childhood Firearm Injuries in the United States
Authors: Fowler Katherine A. , Dahlberg Linda L. , Haileyesus Tadesse , Gutierrez Carmen , Bacon Sarah 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES
Examine fatal and nonfatal firearm injuries among children aged 0 to 17 in the United States, including intent, demographic characteristics, trends, state-level patterns, and circumstances.

METHODS
Fatal injuries were examined by using data from the National Vital Statistics System and nonfatal injuries by using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. Trends from 2002 to 2014 were tested using joinpoint regression analyses. Incident characteristics and circumstances were examined by using data from the National Violent Death Reporting System.

RESULTS
Nearly 1300 children die and 5790 are treated for gunshot wounds each year. Boys, older children, and minorities are disproportionately affected. Although unintentional firearm deaths among children declined from 2002 to 2014 and firearm homicides declined from 2007 to 2014, firearm suicides decreased between 2002 and 2007 and then showed a significant upward trend from 2007 to 2014. Rates of firearm homicide among children are higher in many Southern states and parts of the Midwest relative to other parts of the country. Firearm suicides are more dispersed across the United States with some of the highest rates occurring in Western states. Firearm homicides of younger children often occurred in multivictim events and involved intimate partner or family conflict; older children more often died in the context of crime and violence. Firearm suicides were often precipitated by situational and relationship problems. The shooter playing with a gun was the most common circumstance surrounding unintentional firearm deaths of both younger and older children.

CONCLUSIONS
Firearm injuries are an important public health problem, contributing substantially to premature death and disability of children. Understanding their nature and impact is a first step toward prevention.
Gunshot Injuries in Children Served by Emergency Services
Authors: Newgard Craig D. , Kuppermann Nathan , Holmes James F. , Haukoos Jason S. , Wetzel Brian , Hsia Renee Y. , Wang N. Ewen , Bulger Eileen M. , Staudenmayer Kristan , Mann N. Clay , Barton Erik D. , Wintemute Garen 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
To describe the incidence, injury severity, resource use, mortality, and costs for children with gunshot injuries, compared with other injury mechanisms.

METHODS
This was a population-based, retrospective cohort study (January 1, 2006–December 31, 2008) including all injured children age ≤19 years with a 9-1-1 response from 47 emergency medical services agencies transporting to 93 hospitals in 5 regions of the western United States. Outcomes included population-adjusted incidence, injury severity score ≥16, major surgery, blood transfusion, mortality, and average per-patient acute care costs.

RESULTS
A total of 49 983 injured children had a 9-1-1 emergency medical services response, including 505 (1.0%) with gunshot injuries (83.2% age 15–19 years, 84.5% male). The population-adjusted annual incidence of gunshot injuries was 7.5 cases/100 000 children, which varied 16-fold between regions. Compared with children who had other mechanisms of injury, those injured by gunshot had the highest proportion of serious injuries (23%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 17.6–28.4), major surgery (32%, 95% CI 26.1–38.5), in-hospital mortality (8.0%, 95% CI 4.7–11.4), and costs ($28 510 per patient, 95% CI 22 193–34 827).

CONCLUSIONS
Despite being less common than other injury mechanisms, gunshot injuries cause a disproportionate burden of adverse outcomes in children, particularly among older adolescent males. Public health, injury prevention, and health policy solutions are needed to reduce gunshot injuries in children.
Synthetic Cannabinoid Use Among High School Seniors
Authors: Palamar Joseph J. , Barratt Monica J. , Coney Leigh , Martins Silvia S. 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES
In this study, we examined the prevalence and correlates of current synthetic cannabinoid (SC) use among high school seniors in the United States.

METHODS
Monitoring the Future, an annual nationally representative survey of high school seniors, began querying current (30-day) SC use in 2014. Data were examined from the 2 most recent cohorts (2014–2015; N = 7805). Prevalence of self-reported use was examined and differences in demographics and recency and frequency of other drug use was compared between current marijuana-only users and current SC (plus marijuana) users using χ2 and generalized linear model using Poisson.

RESULTS
We found that 2.9% of students reported current SC use; 1.4% of students (49.7% of users) reported using SCs on ≥3 days in the past month. SC users were more likely to report more recent (and often more frequent) use of lysergic acid diethylamide, cocaine, heroin, and/or nonmedical use of opioids compared with marijuana-only users. Compared with current marijuana-only users, SC users were more likely to report lower parent education (P &lt; .05) and current use of a higher number of illegal drugs other than marijuana (Ps &lt; .001). Students using SCs ≥10 times in the past month were more likely to be boys, frequent marijuana users (Ps &lt; .01), African American, and users of multiple other illegal drugs (Ps &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS
SC use is typically part of a repertoire of polydrug use, and polydrug use is less prevalent among marijuana-only users. Current SC users are at risk for poisoning from use of the newest generation of SCs and from concurrent drug use.
Intussusception Rates Before and After the Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine
Authors: Tate Jacqueline E. , Yen Catherine , Steiner Claudia A. , Cortese Margaret M. , Parashar Umesh D. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
Recent US studies have identified a small increased risk of intussusception after rotavirus vaccination, mainly after the first dose. We examined trends in intussusception hospitalizations before (2000–2005) and after (2007–2013) rotavirus vaccine introduction to assess whether this observed temporal risk translates into more hospitalized cases at the population level.

METHODS
Intussusception hospitalizations in children &lt;12 months of age were abstracted from the State Inpatient Database maintained by the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project for 26 states that provided data from 2000 to 2013. Rates were calculated using bridged-race postcensal population estimates. Trends were analyzed by age groups (6–14 weeks, 15–24 weeks, and 25–34 weeks) based on the recommended ages for vaccine administration as well as 8–11 weeks when the majority of first doses are given. Rate ratios were calculated by using Poisson regression.

RESULTS
No consistent change in intussusception hospitalization rates was observed among all children &lt;12 months of age and among children 15 to 24 weeks and 25 to 34 weeks of age. The intussusception hospitalization rate for children aged 8 to 11 weeks was significantly elevated by 46% to 101% (range: 16.7–22.9 per 100 000) in all postvaccine years except 2011 and 2013 compared with the prevaccine baseline (11.7 per 100 000).

CONCLUSIONS
The increase in the intussusception hospitalization rate in children 8 to 11 weeks when the majority of first doses of vaccine are given is consistent with recent US postlicensure studies. Given the magnitude of declines in rotavirus disease compared with this small increase in intussusception, the benefits of rotavirus vaccination outweigh the increase risk of intussusception.