bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescribing frequency and adherence to statins in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and comorbid cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Serebryakova Victoriya N. , Golovina Elena A. , Kaveshnikov Artem V. , Kaveshnikov Vladimir S. 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Due to the high rate of growth in the incidence and burden of cardiovascular complications, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant medical problem in the world. Even in the absence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), patients with T2DM are classified as high and very high risk. In addition to glycemic control, an extremely important aspect of managing this group of patients is prevention of cardiovascular complications. T2DM and hyperlipidemia determines the target group for statins. At the same time, little is known about the frequency of administration of this class of drugs among people with T2DM.AIM: To study prescribing frequency and adherence to statins in outpatients with T2DM and comorbid cardiovascular diseases.METHODS: 156 patients with type 2 diabetes (87.2% — women, average age — 65.2 years) were examined as part of an outpatient appointment with an endocrinologist at the city polyclinic ofTomsk. We used a standard questionnaire compiled on the basis of adapted international methods, including information on cardiac pathology, medications, income level, and Morisky-Green test. Anthropometric parameters, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid spectrum parameters were measured. Methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics were used for comparisons.RESULTS: Statins were prescribed to 45.0% of the surveyed, and 47.0% of them were constantly taking statins. In 41 and 39% of cases, statins were prescribed by an endocrinologist and a cardiologist, respectively. Those taking statins were characterized by a more severe functional class of angina pectoris (p=0.03), a higher prior myocardial infarction rate (p=0.01). For other concomitant diseases, and also indicators of carbohydrate metabolism, differences between the groups were not revealed. One third of patients were adherent (3–4 points), 2/3 were not adherent to treatment (0–2 points), respectively. Patients with incomes between 1 and 2 cost of living took statins more often than the rest (p=0.021).CONCLUSION: An insufficient frequency of prescription and adherence to statin therapy in patients with T2DM was revealed. In most cases, statins were prescribed by an endocrinologist or cardiologist. Functional class of angina pectoris, prior myocardial infarction and moderate income were associated with more frequent use of statins. To increase the coverage of patients with T2DM with statin treatment, more attention needs to be paid to the issues of CVD prevention from both medical professionals and patients.
Phytochemical characterization, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil from leaves of the common sage Salvia officinalis L. from Abha, Saudi Arabia
Authors: El Jery Atef , Hasan Mudassir , Rashid Md Mamoon , Al Mesfer Mohammed Khaloofah , Danish Mohd , Ben Rebah Faouzi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
The composition and activities of essential oil of common sage from Saudi Arabia have not yet been reported.

Objectives
To analyze the composition and antibacterial and antioxidant activities of essential oil from leaves of the common sage Salvia officinalis L. from Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Methods
Essential oil was extracted from the leaves of S. officinalis by hydrodistillation, and its composition was analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Phenolics and flavonoids were determined using gallic acid and quercetin standards. Antioxidant activity was determined using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method. Activity against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was determined by disk diffusion and microdilution.

Results
The yield of essential oil was 3.24 ± 0.55% (w/dry weight). Major compounds identified were camphor (20.3%), 1,8-cineole (15.0%), α-thujone (14.9%), viridiflorol (9.9%), carvone (6.2%), and β-thujone (5.7%). Phenolic content was 134.3 ± 17.61 μg/mL and flavonoid content was 119.5 ± 18.75 μg/mL. Antioxidant IC50 was 970 ± 5.5 μg/mL. The highest gram-positive antibacterial activity was for Bacillus subtilis and the highest gram-negative activity was for Escherichia coli. Minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 62.2 ± 3.9 to 1398.1 ± 50.7 μg/mL for gram-positive bacteria and from 323.4 ± 69.5 to 968.4 ± 120.6 μg/mL for gram-negative bacteria. Minimum bactericidal concentrations ranged from 120.3 ± 7.6 to 1387.4 ± 161.8 μg/mL for gram-positive bacteria and from 386 ± 8.3 to 1225.2 ± 100.9 μg/mL for gram-negative bacteria.

Conclusions
Essential oil of S. officinalis L. from Abha, Saudi Arabia, showed compositional, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties generally consistent with essential oil of S. officinalis L. from other locations as reported in the literature.
Polycystic ovarian morphology in Thai women of reproductive age with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Wongwananuruk Thanyarat , Chantrapanichkul Panicha , Unalome Vichuta , Indhavivadhana Suchada , Rattanachaiyanont Manee , Techatraisak Kitirat , Angsuwathana Surasak , Silprasit Kittayaporn 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Advancements in ultrasound technology have facilitated identifying polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but it still has limitations due to follicle counting methods and variation of phenotypes according to ethnicity. Ethnicity-specific ovarian morphology may help to establish ethnicity-specific follicle count cut points for defining PCOM in women with PCOS.

Objectives
To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with PCOM in Thai women of a reproductive age with PCOS.

Methods
This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in our gynecology department at a tertiary teaching hospital from February 2016 to May 2017. We included women with PCOS, who were measured for weight, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Blood samples were taken to measure fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, testosterone level, and 2 h post-load 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Transvaginal or transrectal sonography was performed to evaluate their ovaries.

Results
All 143 patient participants we included had oligomenorrhea, 77.6% of them had acne, and 64.3% hirsutism. Their average total testosterone level was 0.47 ± 0.10 ng/mL. The prevalence of PCOM was 55.2%. The proportions of PCOM diagnosed by ovarian follicle and ovarian volume criteria were 36.4% and 42.0%, respectively. There were 20.0 ± 9.5 follicles per ovary, 8.3 ± 3.1 follicles per cross section, and the mean ovarian volume was 7.9 ± 3.0 mL.

Conclusion
The overall prevalence of PCOM in Thai women of reproductive age with PCOS was 55.2%. Our univariate analysis found no factors significantly associated with PCOM.
The non-Fourier image reconstruction method for the STIX instrument
Authors: Siarkowski Marek , Mrozek Tomasz , Sylwester Janusz , Litwicka Michalina , Dąbek Magdalena 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this work we aimed to develop the image reconstruction algorithm without any analytical simplifications and restrictions. In our method we abandon Fourier’s approach to image reconstruction, and instead use the number of counts recorded in each detector pixel, and then reconstruct each image using a classical Richardson-Lucy algorithm. Among similar works performed in the past, our approach is based, for the first time, on the real geometry of STIX. We made a preliminary analysis of expected differences in STIX imaging which may occur due to usage of slightly different geometries. The other difference is that we use single-pixel-response maps. Namely, knowing the instrument geometry we are able to calculate the detector response for point sources covering entire the solar disc. Next, we iteratively combine them with varying weights until the best match between reconstructed and observed detector responses is achieved. Preliminary tests revealed that the developed algorithm reproduces high quality images. The algorithm is moderately fast, but the result comparable to CLEAN algorithm is obtained within 20-50 iteration steps which takes less than 2 seconds on typical portable computer configuration. The location, size and intensity of reconstructed sources are very close to simulated ones. Therefore the algorithm is very well suited for the detailed photometry of the solar HXR sources. Moreover, its simplicity allows to improve photon transmission calculation in case of any grids uncertainties measured after the launch.
How has Lunar science developed? A bibliometric analysis and systematic review
Authors: Wang Jiao , Chen Yaoyao , Liu Guangyu , Cheng Weiming , Yin Tong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Lunar exploration is a significant process to unravel the evolutionary history of the Earth-Moon system and the pivotal foundation for the exploration of the solar system. A total of 49,161 articles recorded in a comprehensive online literature database between 1959 and 2018 were reviewed to address the development of lunar science in six aspects: publication output volume, keywords, journals, authorship, collaboration, and national output efficiency. The development of lunar science experienced rise and fall corresponding to a log-linearized model that could be clearly divided into three stages: space race (1959-1977), silent stage (1978-1996) and renaissance (1997-2018). Keywords extracted from publications as reliable predictors of multidiscipline showed that the well-developed disciplines of lunar science were astronomy, space engineering, earth and planetary science, while other disciplines played important roles in different stages. Researchers had become cooperative rather than independent in publishing in the past sixty years. Countries with higher average annual GDP contributed more to the development of lunar science. The findings of this work help scholars comprehend the development of lunar science for the past, present and future.
Geometrically nonlinear behavior of lattice domes coupled with local Eulerian instability
Authors: Carpinteri Alberto , Lacidogna Giuseppe , Scaramozzino Domenico 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Structural analysis is an intricate subject when nonlinearities occur. They make the structural behavior complex and may have important consequences in the design choice as well. Especially for lattice domes, as snap-through phenomena and local Eulerian instabilities generally affect the structural response, linear analysis is not enough. In this paper, a semi-analytical formulation is used in order to study the geometrically nonlinear behavior of lattice domes subject to vertical loads. The formulation is derived from the equilibrium equations written in the deformed configuration, considering large displacements and taking also into account local buckling conditions. The resulted system of equations, being strongly nonlinear, has been solved by means of a numerical procedure, based on a mixed load-displacement control scheme, leading to the evaluation of the complete equilibrium path. The influence of geometrical parameters on the critical load multiplier and shape of the load-displacement curve is also discussed. In particular, a complex equilibrium path for a sixteen-member five-node lattice structure is analyzed, which is characterized by several branches which can generate ‘snapping’ conditions.
Electrogalvanization using new generation coatings with carbonaceous additives: progress and challenges
Authors: Punith Kumar M. K. , Rekha M. Y. , Srivastava Chandan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractZinc is an important coating material for corrosion protection of carbon steel because of its sacrificial behavior. Continuous efforts have therefore been made over the years to perform required microstructural engineering to further enhance the corrosion resistance behavior of Zn based coatings. This review is focused on a new class of recently developed coatings in which carbonaceous materials like graphene, graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are incorporated into Zn metal matrix to significantly affects its electrochemical response. Impermeability of the graphene and graphene oxide and hydrophobicity of the CNTs are the principal reasons behind the adoption of these carbonaceous additives. Over the years, the researchers have, however, observed that the in addition to the above, noticeable microstructural and morphological alterations introduced in the coating matrix due to these carbonaceous additives also contribute significantly to the corrosion resistance behavior. An understanding of the microstructural evolution of the coatings as a function of the additive volume fraction is therefore required to design robust composite coatings with enhanced corrosion resistance performance.
CEEPUS: Active Methods in Setting up a New Regional Academic Exchange Program
Authors: Sorantin Elisabeth 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCEEPUS – Central European Exchange Program for University Studies – is the biggest regional academic exchange program in Europe, currently comprising 15 countries. CEEPUS awards mobility grants to students and teachers, mostly in the framework of networks. From a much-doubted bold experiment, CEEPUS has evolved into a best practice example and has more than fulfilled its original expectations. As CEEPUS III is to expire on April 30, 2025, the discussion is on whether and in which form a possible CEEPUS IV shall be developed.
Inequalities for the generalized trigonometric and hyperbolic functions
Authors: Ma Xiaoyan , Si Xiangbin , Zhong Genhong , He Jianhui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the authors present some inequalities of the generalized trigonometric and hyperbolic functions which occur in the solutions of some linear differential equations and physics. By these results, some well-known classical inequalities for them are improved, such as Wilker inequality, Huygens inequality, Lazarević inequality and Cusa-Huygens inequality.
On triangular matroids induced by n
3-configurations
Authors: Alazemi Abdullah , Raney Michael 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A triangular matroid is a rank-3 matroid whose ground set consists of the points of an

n

3

{n}_{3}

-configuration and whose bases are the point triples corresponding to non-triangles within the configuration. Raney previously enumerated the

n

3

{n}_{3}

-configurations which induce triangular matroids for

7
≤
n
≤
15

7\le n\le 15

. In this work, the enumeration is extended to configurations having up to 18 points. Several examples of such configurations and their symmetry groups are presented, as well as geometric representations of the triangular matroids induced by these configurations.
Connected even factors in k-tree
Authors: Li Yinkui , Qin Xiaoxiao , Li Wen , Wang Xiaoling , Ma Haicheng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A connected even

[
2
,
2
s
]

{[}2,2s]

-factor of a graph G is a connected factor with all vertices of degree

i
(
i
=
2
,
4
,
…
,
2
s
)

i(i=2,4,\ldots ,2s)

, where

s
≥
1

s\ge 1

is an integer. In this paper, we show that a

k
+
1

s
+
2

\tfrac{k+1}{s+2}

-tough k-tree has a connected even

[
2
,
2
s
]

{[}2,2s]

-factor and thereby generalize the result that a

k
+
1

3

\tfrac{k+1}{3}

-tough k-tree is Hamiltonian in [Hajo Broersma, Liming Xiong, and Kiyoshi Yoshimoto, Toughness and hamiltonicity in k-trees, Discrete Math. 307 (2007), 832–838].
Quasilinear Dirichlet problems with competing operators and convection
Authors: Motreanu Dumitru 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with a quasilinear Dirichlet problem involving a competing (p,q)-Laplacian and a convection term. Due to the lack of ellipticity, monotonicity and variational structure, the known methods to find a weak solution are not applicable. We develop an approximation procedure permitting to establish the existence of solutions in a generalized sense. If in place of competing (p,q)-Laplacian we consider the usual (p,q)-Laplacian, our results ensure the existence of weak solutions.
Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin: A Text-mining Approach to Speaker Stereotypes
Authors: Peng Chun-Yi , Garcia Nicholas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study adopts text-mining techniques to investigate Chinese mainlanders’ attitudes towardgangtaiqiang, a mediatized variety of Taiwanese Mandarin. The study provides evidence for an emerging shift in attitudes towardgangtaiqiangas discussed in Peng (2018). Using key qualifiers (e.g., babyish, soft, and polite) scraped from online forums discussinggangtaiqiangand Taiwanese television programs, this study constructs a “lexical network” with links between words or phrases that co-occur in the data set to discover distinct themes or conceptual categories linked togangtaiqiang. Our analysis attributes the effeminized perceptions ofgangtaiqiangto (1) the mediatized representations of Taiwanese Mandarin inspired by Korea’s burgeoning trend of metrosexuality and (2) a patriarchal culture that equates China’s ascending global power with traditional notions of manhood.
Combatting Linguistic Stereotyping and Prejudice by Evoking Stereotypes
Authors: Deutschmann Mats , Steinvall Anders 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe article offers an account of two projects conducted at Örebro University and Umeå University, Sweden, which are aimed at raising awareness of issues related to linguistic stereotyping using matched-guise-inspired methods (Raising Awareness through Virtual Experiencing[RAVE] funded by the Swedish Research Council anda Cross-Cultural Perspective on Raising of Awareness through Virtual Experiencing(C-RAVE) funded by the Marcus and Amalia Wallenberg foundation). We provide an overview of the methods used in university courses, with the aim to raise awareness of how stereotyping can affect our perception. We also give a more detailed account of the findings from two case activities conducted in Sweden and the Seychelles. Here the response patterns indicate that the perceived gender of a voice as well as the accent (native vs non-native) do affect respondents’ judgements of performance. We were also able to show that discussions and reflections inspired by these response patterns led to raised self-awareness of matters related to language and stereotyping. The article then moves on to a critical query of our methods and also contextualizes our work in a broader discussion on methods and initiatives for how educational institutions actively can contribute to combatting (language) prejudice and discrimination in various ways.
New degenerate Bernoulli, Euler, and Genocchi polynomials
Authors: Herscovici Orli , Mansour Toufik 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We introduce new generalizations of the Bernoulli, Euler, and Genocchi polynomials and numbers based on the Carlitz-Tsallis degenerate exponential function. Also, we present generalizations of some familiar identities and connection between these types of Bernoulli, Euler, and Genocchi polynomials. Moreover, we establish new analogues of the Euler identity for degenerate Bernoulli polynomials and numbers.
Investigation of the use of various materials for the construction of an enthalpy exchanger
Authors: Kozák Pavol , Košičanová Danica 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Considering the current gradual depletion of non-renewable primary sources, it is necessary to address the reduction of energy consumption in ventilation and air conditioning systems. Although heat recovery alone reduces the energy intensity of these systems, if moisture recovery is considered as well, the contribution in reducing energy consumption is significant. These are mainly the devices designed primarily for spaces where people stay permanently, which do not allow large fluctuations in temperature and humidity. In cooperation with the manufacturer of heat recovery exchangers, we determined our own method of comparing different types of materials that could be used to design an exchanger which would also allow moisture recovery. These results in a significant reduction in energy consumption used to humidify the air in ventilation and air conditioning systems. It is one of the possible ways how to compare individual samples that are being measured. This article primarily deals with the comparison of three different types of materials, out of the total number of twelve measured samples.
Numerical Modelling of Oedometer Test
Authors: Agraine Hana , Bouali Meriem Fakhreddine 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The oedometric test is a test widely used in civil engineering. The main objective of this article has been to investigate the primary consolidation behaviour of the intact soil samples by comparing the results obtained from finite element analysis computations in PlAXIS2D with the experimental result of the soil samples obtained from the site of the Al-Ahdab oil field in the east of Iraq. Three different material models were utilized during the finite element analysis, comparing the performance of the more advanced constitutive Soft Soil material model against the modified Cam Clay and Mohr-Coulomb material models. Numerical results of Oedomter test show that the Soft Soil model behaviour is the most appropriate model to describe the observed behaviour.
Apple Pips, Fruit Stains, and Clammy Juice
Authors: Chapman Alison Georgina 
Published: January 2021

Alison Georgina Chapman, “Apple Pips, Fruit Stains, and Clammy Juice: Nature’s Ornaments and the Aesthetics of Preservation in Thomas Hardy's The Woodlanders” (pp. 372–398)
This paper explores Thomas Hardy’s representation of the natural world as ornamental in The Woodlanders (1887). Previous critics have pointed to the ornate and artificial descriptions of the environment to argue that nature is strangely absent in The Woodlanders. However, I argue that Hardy sees ornamental aesthetics as uniquely capable of representing ecology. As a mode that appeals to the senses while resisting interpretation, ornament captures how nature can be simultaneously overbearing in its influence over, and remote as a source of consolation to, its human interlopers. Moreover, ornament’s formal openness—specifically its capacity for endless embellishments—is better suited to nature’s mutability and inherent complexity. This adaptive, combinatory capacity proves to be a central aesthetic value for Hardy. In his architectural writing, the author argues that old buildings must be preserved from renovators who would replace these monuments’ eccentric, bric-a-brac histories with simplified, formally coherent structures. Hardy’s concern here is not only aesthetic but also ecocritical, as the author notes that such renovations often entail massive amounts of waste. Ornamental complexity and its capacity for adaptation, repurposing, and reuse thus yoke together Hardy’s interests in historic preservation, aesthetics, and ecology. By reading The Woodlanders as an ornamental novel, this essay shows how Hardy’s decorous style is part of a broader ecological and ethical project.