bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-reported body weight and weight-related stigmatization experiences among young adult women—two contexts, but similar attitudes related to body image, mentalself-schemas, self-esteem, and stereotypes of people with obesity
Authors: Jach Łukasz , Krystoń Sonia 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundWeight stigma is a serious challenge because of its negative impact on human health and harmful psychological and behavioral consequences. The aim of the study was to explore and compare the relationships between self-reported body weight and weight-related stigmatization experiences and body image, mental self-image, self-esteem, and stereotypes concerning people with obesity among young adult Polish women (N= 374; aged between 18 and 35).MethodsThe study was conducted online on a Polish sample recruited through a social network site, a website, and snowball sampling. Body mass index (BMI) was used to assign the respondents to groups with normal or excess weight. We tested whether women enrolled in the study experienced weight-related stigmatization using two questions based on the concepts of spoiled identity and related to the obesity stigma. The Contour Drawing Rating Scale was used to study different aspects of the body image and discrepancies between them. The Self-Discrepancy Questionnaire was used to study the self-schemas associated with mental qualities. The Polish version of the Rosenberg’s Self Esteem Scale was applied to determine self-esteem level. Stereotypes concerning people with obesity were studied using the semantic differential method.ResultsAlthough excess weight was associated with weight-related stigmatization experiences, many women reported confronting such stigmatization even though their body weight was normal according to the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Women with excess weight and women with weight-related stigmatization experiences were characterized by larger discrepancies between theactualbody image and theideal,reflected, andoughtbody image, lower self-esteem, and more negative beliefs about their mentalactualandreflected selfcompared to women with normal weight and without weight-related stigmatization experiences. The study participants from all groups tended to believe theiractualbody image to be ampler than theidealand theoughtbody images. They also believed that other people perceived their mental qualities more positively than they did. The study groups were also characterized by negative stereotypes of people with obesity, although these stereotypes were more vital in women with excess weight and women who experienced weight-related stigmatization.ConclusionThe study shows the similarity between psychological functioning of women with self-reported excess weight and those who experience weight-related stigma. The results also provide guidelines for practical actions aimed at reducing negative mental outcomes associated with not conforming to body weight standards.
Possible inhibitory effects of terbinafine on aripiprazole metabolism: Two case reports
Authors: McGrane Ian R. , Lindbloom Tori J. , Munjal Robert C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aripiprazole, an atypical antipsychotic, is a metabolic substrate for cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 and 2D6. Terbinafine, an antifungal agent used for onychomycosis, is a CYP2D6 inhibitor and could theoretically reduce the metabolism of aripiprazole. However, there are no published reports describing this interaction. We present 2 female patients hospitalized in a psychiatric unit who were both taking aripiprazole 15 mg daily and terbinafine 250 mg daily prior to admission. The first patient was a 58-year-old female who was prescribed aripiprazole and terbinafine concomitantly for approximately 5 months prior to admission. A commercial pharmacogenetic testing platform classified this patient as a normal metabolizer for CYP3A4 and 2D6. The first patient's serum trough aripiprazole concentration at steady-state concentration (Css) was 207.5 ng/mL. The second patient was a 43-year-old female who was taking aripiprazole and terbinafine concomitantly for approximately 2 weeks prior to admission who had a Css aripiprazole concentration of 278.9 ng/mL. Aripiprazole has a wide therapeutic range (100 to 350 ng/mL) and a reference dose-related drug concentration of 11.7 (mean) ± 5.6 (SD) ng/mL/mg/d. Our patients had Css aripiprazole concentrations 18% and 59% higher than guideline-supported dose-related drug concentrations. Through the use of therapeutic drug monitoring, pharmacogenetic data, electronic pharmaceutical claims data, and the Drug Interaction Probability Scale, we suggest terbinafine possibly increases aripiprazole concentrations 18% to 59%. Further reports are needed to confirm these findings prior to using this information in clinical practice.
Psychosocial load and burnout syndrome in healthcare professionals in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic / Carga psicossocial e síndrome de burnout em profissionais de saúde no combate a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Silva Roni Robson da , Silva Leandro Andrade da 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: fornecer informações sobre os riscos potenciais da síndrome de Burnout e da exposição de profissionais de saúde na pandemia COVID-19. Método: trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura que seguiu a estratégia PICO. A busca dos artigos foi realizada em três bases de dados eletrônicas: Pubmed/Medline, BVS e SciELO. Foram utilizados os descritores “mental health”, "burnout", "coronavírus" e "health personnel” com textos completos, publicados no período de 2016 a 2021, no idioma inglês, português e espanhol e foi usado o operador boleano AND. Resultados: foram encontrados 168 artigos. Trinta e cinco artigos foram selecionados para serem lidos na íntegra e 10 atenderam aos critérios desta revisão. Conclusão: as evidências mostram que os profissionais de saúde da linha de frente de enfrentamento ao COVID-19 apresentam maior vulnerabilidade de desenvolver transtornos mentais, exaustão e ideação suicida.
A Supramolecular Nanomedicine Based on Bendamustine and MDM2‐Targeted D‐peptide Inhibitor for Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhou Yunjiang , Chen Yaxin , Huang Xing , Tan Yingying , Hu Rong , Li Chong , Niu Miao‐Miao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBendamustine (BEN) is a FDA‐approved bifunctional DNA‐alkylating chemotherapy drug, but it suffers from short half‐life, instability, and poor biocompatibility in the clinical application. Due to unique biostability of d‐amino acid‐containing peptides (D‐peptides), constructing D‐peptide‐small molecule drug conjugates is emerging as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Here, a high‐affinity MDM2‐targeted D‐peptide (peptide 5) is discovered by applying structure‐based drug design (SBDD). Taking the advantages of d‐amino acids, a novel self‐assembling D‐peptide‐small molecule drug conjugate (BEN‐FF‐peptide 5) is developed by simultaneously conjugating small molecule drug BEN and peptide 5 to the self‐assembling peptide. In vitro results demonstrate that BEN‐FF‐peptide 5 exhibits superior cellular uptake ability, good biostability in human serum and strong inhibitory effect on the growth of human breast cancer (MCF‐7) cells. In vivo study reveals that BEN‐FF‐peptide 5 significantly inhibits the growth of MCF‐7 cells‐derived xenograft in nude mice with no obvious side effects. This work provides a useful strategy to construct D‐peptide‐small molecule drug conjugates for high‐efficacy and low‐toxicity cancer therapy.
Investigating the Structure‐Reactivity Relationships Between Nicotinamide Coenzyme Biomimetics and Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Reductase
Authors: Tan Zhuotao , Han Yaoying , Fu Yaping , Zhang Xiaowang , Xu Mengjiao , Na Qi , Zhuang Wei , Qu Xudong , Ying Hanjie , Zhu Chenjie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEne reductases (ERs) are attractive biocatalysts in terms of their high enantioselectivity and expanded substrate scope. Recent works have proved that synthetic nicotinamide coenzyme biomimetics (NCBs) can be used as easily accessible alternatives to natural cofactors in ER‐catalyzed reactions. However, the structure‐reactivity relationships between NCBs and ERs and influence factors are still poorly understood. In this study, a series of C‐5 methyl modified NCBs were synthesized and tested in the PETNR‐catalyzed asymmetric reductions. The physicochemical properties of these NCBs including electrochemical properties, stability, and kinetic behavior were studied in detail. The results showed that hydrophobic interaction caused by the introduced methyl group contributed to the stabilization of binding conformation in enzyme active site, resulting in comparable catalytic activity with that of NADPH. Molecular dynamics and steered molecular dynamics simulations were further performed to explain the binding mechanism between PETNR and NCBs, which revealed that stable catalytic conformation, appropriate donor‐acceptor distance and angle, as well as free dissociation energy are important factors affecting the activity of NCBs.magnified image
Z‐Selective Synthesis of α‐Sulfanyl Carbonyl Compounds from Internal Alkynes and Thiols via Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Luridiana Alberto , Frongia Angelo , Scorciapino Mariano Andrea , Malloci Giuliano , Manconi Barbara , Serrao Simone , Ricci Pier Carlo , Secci Francesco 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA synthetically useful Z‐selective cascade formal thiyl radical addition, 1,3‐double bond isomerization, oxygen trapping reaction, can be promoted by Eosin B under visible light, leading to the construction of 2‐aryl‐ and alkylthio enone derivatives in good yields. An accurate study on the reactivity of different thiols and the screening of the reaction conditions, allowed us to extend this reaction to a large number of substrates, showing a good functional groups tolerance while highlighting the limitations of this procedure. Background experiments and mechanistic studies were also. performed to rationalize this cascade process. The usefulness of this methodology was finally demonstrated via the transformation of a series of α‐sulfanyl‐enone adducts through selected oxidation reactions, stereoselective synthesis of cyclopropyl ketones, indanones, and pyrazole compounds.magnified image
A phase I/II study of ixazomib, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone for lenalidomide and proteasome inhibitor refractory multiple myeloma (Alliance A061202)
Authors: Voorhees Peter M. , Suman Vera J. , Tuchman Sascha A. , Laubach Jacob P. , Hassoun Hani , Efebera Yvonne A. , Mulkey Flora , Bova‐Solem Misty , Santo Katelyn , Carlisle Destin , McCarthy Philip L. , Richardson Paul G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPreclinical studies have demonstrated activity of the oral proteasome inhibitor (PI) ixazomib (IXA) in bortezomib‐resistant multiple myeloma (MM) and synergy with immunomodulatory drugs. We therefore conducted a phase I/II study to establish the safety and preliminary efficacy of IXA with pomalidomide (POM) and dexamethasone (DEX) in lenalidomide (LEN)/PI‐refractory MM. Dose escalation established a 4 mg dose of POM and IXA and 20/40 mg dose of DEX as the maximum tolerated dose. The phase II portion of the trial was redesigned and started anew after six patients had been randomized to IXA‐POM‐DEX due to a rapidly changing treatment landscape. Among the 29 evaluable LEN/PI‐refractory patients treated with IXA‐POM‐DEX in phase I/II, the overall response rate (partial response or better) was 51.7% with a median duration of response of 16.8 months (range 56 days to 4.1 years), median progression‐free survival of 4.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.0–18.4), and median overall survival of 34.3 months (95% CI: 19.2 to not reached). Hematologic, gastrointestinal, and constitutional adverse events were common and consistent with the side‐effect profiles of the individual agents. Our results support further evaluation of this all‐oral regimen in relapsed/refractory MM.
Exploiting Configurational Lability in Aza‐Sulfur Compounds for the Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Sulfonimidamides
Authors: Tilby Michael J. , Dewez Damien F. , Hall Adrian , Martínez Lamenca Carolina , Willis Michael C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMethods for establishing the absolute configuration of sulfur‐stereogenic aza‐sulfur derivatives are scarce, often relying on cumbersome protocols and a limited pool of enantioenriched starting materials. We have addressed this by exploiting, for the first time, a feature of sulfonimidamides in which it is possible for tautomeric structures to also be enantiomeric. Such sulfonimidamides can readily generate prochiral ions, which we have exploited in an enantioselective alkylation process. Selectivity is achieved using a readily prepared bis‐quaternized phase‐transfer catalyst. The overall process establishes the capability of configurationally labile aza‐sulfur species to be used in asymmetric catalysis.
Homoleptic Alkynyl‐Protected Ag15 Nanocluster with Atomic Precision: Structural Analysis and Electrocatalytic Performance toward CO2 Reduction
Authors: Qin Lubing , Sun Fang , Ma Xiaoshuang , Ma Guanyu , Tang Yun , Wang Likai , Tang Qing , Jin Rongchao , Tang Zhenghua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report the fabrication of homoleptic alkynyl‐protected Ag15(C≡C‐tBu)12+ (abbreviated as Ag15) nanocluster and its electrocatalytic properties toward CO2 reduction reaction. Crystal structure analysis reveals that Ag15 possesses a body‐centered‐cubic (BCC) structure with an Ag@Ag8@Ag6 metal core configuration. Interestingly, we found that Ag15 can adsorb CO2 in the air and spontaneously self‐assembled into one‐dimensional linear material during the crystal growth process. Furthermore, Ag15 can convert CO2 into CO with a faradaic efficiency of ca. 95.0 % at −0.6 V and a maximal turnover frequency of 6.37 s−1 at −1.1 V along with excellent long‐term stability. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations disclosed that Ag15(C≡C‐tBu)11+ with one alkynyl ligand stripping off from the intact cluster can expose the uncoordinated Ag atom as the catalytically active site for CO formation.
Unexpected Formation of Metallofulleroids from Multicomponent Reactions, with Crystallographic and Computational Studies of the Cluster Motion
Authors: Li Yanbang , Emge Thomas J. , Moreno‐Vicente Antonio , Kopcha William P. , Sun Yue , Mansoor Iram F. , Lipke Mark C. , Hall Gene S. , Poblet Josep M. , Rodríguez‐Fortea Antonio , Zhang Jianyuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNew multicomponent reactions involving an isocyanide, terminal or internal alkynes, and endohedral metallofullerene (EMF) Lu3N@C80 yield metallofulleroids which are characterized by mass‐spectrometry, HPLC, and multiple 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Single crystal studies revealed one ketenimine metallofulleroid has ordered Lu3N cluster which is unusual for EMF monoadducts. Computational analysis, based on crystallographic data, confirm that the endohedral cluster motion is controlled by the position of the exohedral organic appendants. Our findings provide a new functionalization reaction for EMFs, and a potential facile approach to freeze the endohedral cluster motion at relatively high temperatures.
Supernova: A Deoxyribozyme that Catalyzes a Chemiluminescent Reaction
Authors: Svehlova Katerina , Lukšan Ondřej , Jakubec Martin , Curtis Edward A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFunctional DNA molecules are useful components in nanotechnology and synthetic biology. To expand the toolkit of functional DNA parts, in this study we used artificial evolution to identify a glowing deoxyribozyme called Supernova. This deoxyribozyme transfers a phosphate from a 1,2‐dioxetane substrate to its 5′ hydroxyl group, which triggers a chemiluminescent reaction and a flash of blue light. An engineered version of Supernova is only catalytically active in the presence of an oligonucleotide complementary to its 3′ end, demonstrating that light production can be coupled to ligand binding. We anticipate that Supernova will be useful in a wide variety of applications, including as a signaling component in allosterically regulated sensors and in logic gates of molecular computers.
The symbiotic binary ZZ CMi: Intranight variability and suggested outbursting nature
Authors: Zamanov Radoslav K. , Stoyanov Kiril A. , Kostov Andon , Kurtenkov Alexander , Nikolov Grigor , Latev Georgi , Bode Michael F. , Martí Josep , Luque‐Escamilla Pedro L. , Tomov Nikolay , Nikolov Yanko M. , Boeva Svetlana S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe present photometric and spectral observations of the symbiotic star ZZ CMi. We detect intranight variability—flickering and smooth variations in U band. The amplitude of the flickering is about mag in U band. In the B band, the variability is lower, with amplitude mag. We also detect variability in the and emission lines, and find an indication for outflow with velocity of about 120–150 km/s. The results indicate that ZZ CMi is an accretion‐powered symbiotic containing an M4‐M6 III cool component with a white dwarf resembling recurrent novae and jet‐ejecting symbiotic stars.
Organocatalytic enantioselective synthesis of phthalans via Wittig/oxa‐Michael cascade reaction
Authors: Son Eun Chae , No Jaeeun , Kim Sung‐Gon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn enantioselective synthetic method for 1‐substituted phthalans has been developed. The organocatalytic reaction between 1,3‐dihydro‐2‐benzofuran‐1‐ols and Wittig reagents using cinchona squaramide‐based organocatalyst proceeded with sequential Wittig reaction followed by an enantioselective intramolecular oxa‐Michael reaction, yielding enantioenriched phthalans with moderate to good enantioselectivities.
Modeling‐Assisted Design of Thermostable Benzaldehyde Lyases from Rhodococcus erythropolis for Continuous Production of α‐Hydroxy Ketones
Authors: Peng Martin , Siebert Dominik L. , Engqvist Martin K. M. , Niemeyer Christof M. , Rabe Kersten S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEnantiopure α‐hydroxy ketones are important building blocks of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), which can be produced by thiamine‐diphosphate‐dependent lyases, such as benzaldehyde lyase. Here we report the discovery of a novel thermostable benzaldehyde lyase from Rhodococcus erythropolis R138 (ReBAL). While the overall sequence identity to the only experimentally confirmed benzaldehyde lyase from Pseudomonas fluorescens Biovar I (PfBAL) was only 65 %, comparison of a structural model of ReBAL with the crystal structure of PfBAL revealed only four divergent amino acids in the substrate binding cavity. Based on rational design, we generated two ReBAL variants, which were characterized along with the wild‐type enzyme in terms of their substrate spectrum, thermostability and biocatalytic performance in the presence of different co‐solvents. We found that the new enzyme variants have a significantly higher thermostability (up to 22 °C increase in T50) and a different co‐solvent‐dependent activity. Using the most stable variant immobilized in packed‐bed reactors via the SpyCatcher/SpyTag system, (R)‐benzoin was synthesized from benzaldehyde over a period of seven days with a stable space‐time‐yield of 9.3 mmol ⋅ L‐1 ⋅ d−1. Our work expands the important class of benzaldehyde lyases and therefore contributes to the development of continuous biocatalytic processes for the production of α‐hydroxy ketones and APIs.
High Fidelity Enzyme‐Free Primer Extension with an Ethynylpyridone Thymidine Analog
Authors: Han Jianyang , Kervio Eric , Richert Clemens 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHigh fidelity base pairing is important for the transmission of genetic information. Weak base pairs can lower fidelity, complicating sequencing, amplification and replication of DNA. Thymidine 5′‐monophosphate (TMP) is the most weakly pairing nucleotide among the canonical deoxynucleotides, causing high errors rates in enzyme‐free primer extension. Here we report the synthesis of an ethynylpyridone C‐nucleoside analog of 3′‐amino‐2′,3′‐dideoxythymidine monophosphate and its incorporation in a growing strand by enzyme‐free primer extension. The ethynylpyridone C‐nucleotide accelerates extension more than five‐fold, reduces misincorporation and readily displaces TMP in competition experiments. The results bode well for the use of the C‐nucleoside as replacements for thymidine in practical applications.
Donor‐Stabilised [SbF4]+: SbF5 as a Fluoride‐Ion Donor
Authors: O'Donnell Felix , Turnbull Douglas , Wetmore Stacey D. , Gerken Michael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAntimony pentafluoride is a strong Lewis acid and fluoride‐ion acceptor that has not previously demonstrated any discreet fluoride‐ion donor properties. The first donor‐stabilised [SbF4]+ cations were prepared from the autoionisation of SbF5 in the presence of bidentate N‐donor ligands 2,2’‐bipyridine (bipy) and 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) as their [SbF6]− salts. The [SbF4(N−N)][Sb2F11] (N−N=bipy, phen) salts were synthesised by the addition of one equivalent of SbF5⋅SO2 to [SbF4(N−N)][SbF6] in liquid SO2. The salts show remarkable stability and were characterised by Raman spectroscopy and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structures of [SbF4(phen)][SbF6] ⋅ 3CH3CN and [SbF4(phen)][SbF6] ⋅ 2SO2 were determined, showing distorted octahedral cations. DFT calculations and NBO analyses reveal that significant degree of electron‐pair donation from N to Sb stabilizes [SbF4]+ with the Sb−N bond strength being approximately two thirds of that of the Sb−F bonds in these cations and the cationic charge being primarily ligand‐centred.
Crystalline Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tailored Linkages for Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
Authors: Wu Shuhong , Pan Yi , Lin Huan , Li Liuyi , Fu Xianzhi , Long Jinlin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCrystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are porous polymeric semiconductors with network topologies, which are built from the integration of selected organic blocks with covalent bond linkages. They have shown great promise for artificial photosynthesis, owing to broad light harvesting, high crystallinity, and high carrier mobility. This Minireview introduces state‐of‐the‐art COF photocatalysts based on different linkages and discusses the origin of photocatalytic activities for hydrogen evolution. Three typical COF photocatalysts, with linkages including imine (−C=N−), β‐ketoenamine (O=C−C=C−NH−), and vinylene (−C=C−), are discussed with a particular focus on the advancements in synthetic methodologies and structural design, as well as photoelectronic properties that are relevant to photocatalytic performance. The Minireview is expected to elucidate their structure–property relationships and the way to design photoactive COFs with enhanced performances.
Development of micro array sensor for aerial ultrasonic of 1 MHz
Authors: Tanaka Tsunehisa , Nakayama Kengo , Murakami Shuichi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe developed a Micro Electro‐Mechanical Systems ultrasonic array sensor that is capable of detecting 1 MHz airborne ultrasonic waves for use in devices for inspecting the interior of objects. The sensor is an array of vibrating membranes, each consisting of a metal lower electrode, a platinum upper electrode, and a polymer ferroelectric layer between them. In this study, two kinds of electrode materials, aluminum or gold, were used for the lower electrode to investigate how they affect the characteristics of such high resonant‐frequency sensors. The sensor using aluminum showed about four times better sensitivity than that using gold.