bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous Passive Motion Not Affect the Knee Motion and the Surgical wound Aspect After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Gil-Gonzalez Sergi , Rodriguez Ricardo Andrés Barja , Pujol Antoni Lopez , Berjaoui Hussein , Bengoa Jose Enrique Fernandez , Erquicia Juan Ignacio , Blanquet Joan Leal , Pelfort Xavier 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background. This study aimed to assess whether use of continuous passive motion (CPM) can improve range of motion in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Moreover, the relationship between the use of CPM with the surgical wound aspect (SWA) and pain management after TKA was analysed.Methods. We randomized 210 patients, 102 patients in the CPM group, who received a standard rehabilitation protocol together with CPM application; and 108 patients in the no-CPM group, without CPM. Variables as knee motion (flexion, extension, range of motion) and pain was measured before surgery, on the 1s, 2nd and 3rd postoperative day, and in the 2nd, 6th, 12th and 24th postoperative weeks following TKA. The SWA was determined by the “surgical wound aspect score” (SWAS) in the next 48 hours after surgery. This scale analyses swelling, erythema, haematoma, blood drainage and blisters. Results. There was an improvement in the knee motion over the course of follow-up in both groups, without significant difference in flexion parameter. We found no significant differences in the total score of SWA, except for haematoma, with less severity in the CPM group. Furthermore, we found no differences in the others SWAS parameters and pain. Conclusions. The application of CPM does not provide benefit to our patients undergoing TKA in terms of either improved flexion mobility or decreased pain. No relationship was found between the use of CPM and the global score of SWA following a TKA, except for a decrease in haematoma appearance.
Efficacy, Safety, Cost, and Clinical Outcomes After the Switch to Generic Rosuvastatin Compared with Consistent Brand-Name Atorvastatin Treatment.
Authors: Huang Mu-shiang , Wu Chun-I , Su Pei-Fang , Liu Ping-Yen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes for patients switch to generic rosuvastatin, compared with patients taking other brand-name atorvastatin, is unclear. Method: We retrospectively collected electronic medical records from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2020, of patients who switched medication, because of hospital policy, from brand-name to generic rosuvastatin after March 14, 2018. we only considered patients who had taken the medication at least 1 year prior to and 1 year after that date. We also collected records of patients who consistently used brand-name atorvastatin during the same period. The efficacy of lipid control, potential adverse effects, clinical outcomes of major cardiovascular events (MACE), and medical expenses were compared between the 2 groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to balance potential cofounders. Result: After 1:1 PSM, 592 patients were enrolled in the rosuvastatin and atorvastatin groups, and no significant difference was observed in their total cholesterol (TC) level difference (−4.38 ± 23.0 vs. −3.72 ± 26.95 mg/dL, P = 0.702), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (−2.38 ± 19.89 vs. −2.42 ± 23.63 mg/dL, P = 0.976), or glycated hemoglobin (−0.05% ± 0.7% vs. −0.08% ± 0.76%, P = 0.543). No significant differences were noted in their cumulative MACE (2.70% vs. 3.89%, log-rank P = 0.265) after the switch date, and each person in the generic group had a 16% average reduction in their medical expenses. Conclusion: Switching to generic rosuvastatin led to comparable lipid-lowering efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes and fewer medical expenses compared with consistently using brand-name atorvastatin.
A Prospective Study on the Reduction of Perioperative Blood Loss in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty with Femoral Extramedullary Positioning Osteotomy
Authors: chen jiahui , Wei Shufa , Yang Yi , Li Zhenggang , Liu Junhong , Liang Yiming , Li Biao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect of gyroscope femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy on perioperative blood loss in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods: 71 knee-joints from 59 patients receiving primary TKA in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2020 were included. A prospective, double-blind study was conducted. The included patients were randomly assigned to the extramedullary osteotomy group (group A; 34 cases underwent femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy using a gyroscope) and intramedullary osteotomy group (group B; 37 cases underwent traditional intramedullary guide rod for femoral positioning osteotomy). The differences in blood loss and knee function were observed.Results: ① There was no significant difference in age, gender, body mass index, preoperative hemoglobin, preoperative Knee Society Score (KSS), and pain visual analogue scale (VAS) between the two groups of patients. ② The intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, and total blood loss in group A were lower than those in group B (P < 0.001). ③ There was no significant difference in VAS and KSS between the two groups, and they were higher than those before operation. ④ The range of knee joint motion in group A was higher than that in group B at 1 and 3 days after the operation (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference in the range of knee motion between the two groups at 7 days and 6 weeks after the operation.Conclusion: Femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy with a gyroscope significantly reduced perioperative blood loss in primary TKA. The functional score of the patient knee joint after this operation had no significant difference from that of traditional operation.
The Prevalence and Treatment Options of Melasma as Well as its Association with Quality of Life in Darker Skin Types: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Mpofana Nomakhosi , Chibi Buyisile , Gqaleni Nceba , Mohammed Ahmed Hussain , Finlayson Avenal Jane , Kgarosi Kabelo , Dlova Ncoza Cordelia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMelasma is one of the most encountered dermatoses in dermatology and skin care clinics. It is a challenging chronic, recurrent condition associated with hyperpigmentation. Its etiology is poorly understood. Melasma affects all races and gender but is more prevalent in women with darker skin types. Being a facial lesion, melasma has a severe impact on quality of life due to its disfigurement. While many modalities of treatment for melasma exists, unfortunately, effectiveness and safety remain a huge concern. Treatment modalities are variable and often unsatisfactory. The objective of this scoping review is to systemically map available evidence from literature regarding melasma, garner insight as to how melasma affects the quality of life and begin to investigate and gain understanding on effectiveness of different treatments used for melasma.MethodsA scoping review guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, the enhancements and recommendations of Levac, Colquhoun and O’Brien, Daudt and associates and the 2015 Johanna Briggs Institute’s guidelines will be conducted. Systematic electronic searches of databases and search engines such as, Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, Science Direct, and Web of Science will be conducted to attain published peer-reviewed articles of all study designs excluding reviews. All literature that meets the inclusion criteria, research question and sub-question will be included in this review. All the retrieved literature will be exported to an Endnote X20 library. Quality appraisal of the included articles will be conducted using the mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) 2018 version.DiscussionWe anticipate mapping relevant literature on the prevalence of melasma, investigating the effectiveness of treatment options of melasma as well as evaluating its association with quality of life in darker skin types. This study is likely to reveal research gaps, which could guide future implementation research on melasma treatment interventions.Protocol registration: This protocol has been registered apriori with OSF and is accessible on this link: https://osf.io/ru3jc/
Ferroptosis Promotes Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau Aggregation via GSK-3β Activition and Proteasome Inhibition
Authors: Wang Shaohui , Jiang Yao , Liu Yabo , Liu Qianhui , Sun Hongwei , Mei Mengjie , Liao Xiaomei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death resulting from iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. In some particular brain regions, iron dyshomeostasis and peroxidation damage of neurons are closely related to a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases known as “tauopathies”, in which intracellular aggregation of microtubule-associated protein tau is the common neuropathological feature. However, the relationship between ferroptosis and tau aggregation is not well understood. The current study demonstrates that erastin-induced ferroptosis can promote tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation in mouse neuroblastoma cells (N2a cells). Moreover, ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 can alleviate tau aggregation effectively. In-depth mechanism research indicates that activated Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is responsible for abnormal hyperphosphorylation and accumulation. More importantly, proteasome inhibition can exacerbate the tau degradation obstacle and accelerate tau aggregation in the process of ferroptosis. Our results indicate that ferroptosis can lead to abnormal aggregation of tau protein and might be a promising therapeutic target of tauopathies.
The Influence of Rainfall Amounts Not Exceeding Critical Rainfall on Landslide Occurrence in Japan
Authors: Kaihara Soichi , Tadakuma Noriko , Saito Hitoshi , Nakaya Hiroaki 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Critical rainfall events are used in landslide early-warning systems to predict the occurrence and severity of disasters. In this study, past landslide disasters in Japan were identified for which the critical rainfall set for each 1-km grid was exceeded using historical landslide records, radar-based rainfall data over a 1-km grid, and standard rainfall data collected over the past 17 years. It was determined that nearly equal numbers of rainfall events were identified with higher and lower rainfall amounts than the critical rainfall. The probability that a series of rainfall events would cause a landslide was approximately 1.15% when the critical rainfall was exceeded and 0.09% otherwise, a difference of approximately 10 times. It was also found that even if critical rainfall was not exceeded, in the case of debris flow and slope failures, there was rainfall that exceeded the standard rainfall one or two days before. In the case of landslides, there was rainfall that exceeded the critical rainfall one or two weeks before, and if the critical rainfall was exceeded in another rainfall event, a landslide could occur. The operational evaluation of Japanese LEWSs has a recall value of 0.486 as the accuracy of occurrence prediction, which was related to the fact that almost half of the rainfall events occurred in nonexceedance of the reference rainfall. The specificity was 0.935, known as the accuracy of nonoccurrence prediction, which was also greatly influenced by the TN (true negative) data of nonexceeding rainfall events, which accounted for most of the data.
Dose-Response Association Between Dietary Folate and Niacin Intakes With Diabetes Among Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jiang Yuhong , Zhang Zhiwen , Zhu Yi , Chai Yongfei , Xie Hong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to examine the relationships between dietary vitamin intakes and the risk of diabetes among Chinese adults.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional observational study. Demographic and anthropometric data along with information on dietary vitamin intakes were collected and eligible participants were recruited to complete a questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the associations between dietary vitamin intakes and the risk of diabetes, with adjustment for potential confounders. We also evaluated non-linear dose-response relationships between dietary vitamin intakes and diabetes using adjusted restricted cubic splines.
Results
Of the 3106 eligible participants, 15.9% had prevalent diabetes, 19.0% in male and 13.7% in female, respectively. The median folate was significantly higher in diabetic patients than in controls (32.030 vs 27.600 µg), while median niacin was significantly lower (7.000 vs 7.900 mg). The binary logistic regression analysis also showed a significant association between dietary folate (Odds ratio (OR)=1.002; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.000-1.004; P=0.022) and niacin intakes (OR=0.965; 95% CI: 0.944-0.986; P=0.001) with the risk of diabetes after controlling for potential confounders. The plots of restricted cubic splines presented an atypical inverted U-shaped association between dietary folate intake and diabetes.
Conclusions
The data presented here showed that diabetics had a low intake of vitamins, especially B group vitamins. Dietary folate and niacin intakes tended to be independently related to the risk of diabetes. Nevertheless, this study is observational, and there yet to be large-scale randomized controlled trials which would increase the evidence of the findings.
An ultrasound-guided percutaneous nerve stimulation regimen based on finite element modeling for median nerve rupture
Authors: chu xiaolei , Song Xizi , Li Yuru , Wu Ziren , Li Qi , Li Qingwen , Gu Xiaosong , Ming Dong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Object: In order to promote the functional recovery of median nerve rupture patients, this paper proposes an ultrasound-guided percutaneous nerve stimulation regimen based on finite element modeling. Method: First, according to anatomy feature, a multi-layer human forearm model is constructed. What’s more, taking current density and activate function as optimization indicators, the percutaneous nerve stimulation regimen is designed with finite element modeling, including electrical needle angel, distance and position. Finally, to test the performance of designed regimen, a total of 22 patients with median nerve rupture participate in the clinical randomized controlled trial. And the clinical treatment effect is evaluated with BMRC, grip strength, functional score of median nerve and DASH scores. Results: The designed percutaneous nerve stimulation regimen is that, parallel to each other, electrical needles are located at both ends of the injury nerve with a distance of 3 cm. Besides, clinical trial results show that, after treatment the difference in sensory function was statistically significant. In terms of motor function, the BMRC of motor and grip strength are improved in both groups after treatment and there are significant differences between groups. Besides the grip strength improvement of experimental group is 4 times higher than that of control group. On global function, the DASH scores are reduced by 29% with experimental group but only 8% with control group; functional score of median nerve improved by 24% in the experimental group and by 22% in the control group, but the difference between groups is statistically significant after treatment. Conclusion: Clinical trial results demonstrate that the designed percutaneous nerve stimulation regimen can significantly improve the sensory, motor and global function of median nerve rupture, which is a potential clinical treatment regimen. Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2000030790. Registered14 march 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/ChiCTR2000030790
Exosome Derived From Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Accelerates Fracture Healing via SMAD7 Signaling Regulation
Authors: Xiong Yuan , Lin Ze , Xue Hang , Hu Yiqiang , Yu Tao , Chen Lang , Panayi Adriana C. , Zhou Wu , Sun Yun , Cao Faqi , Zeng Ruiyin , Liu Guodong , Mi Bobin , Liu Guohui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundExtremity injuries, especially for bone fracture, predominate in warfare, and around one-third of military personnel sustain at least one kind of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The beneficial role of TBI in osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing was found in clinic, however, the underlying mechanism of this interesting finding is elusive. Exosome (Exos) is nanosized extracellular vesicles, and their regulatory role in bone remodeling have attracted accumulative attention.MethodsUltra-high speed gradient centrifugation was used to extract exosomes (Exos) both from fracture patients combined with TBI (TBI-Exos), and from isolated fracture patients (Ctr-Exos). Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) proliferation was checked by qRT-PCR, western blotting, ALP staining, alizarin red staining, and EdU (5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine) assays. In addition, C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into different groups according to the treatments, and the radiographic and histopathological results were analyzed to evaluate the effect of TBI-Exos on fracture healing. ResultsIn vitro, suppression of SMAD7 promoted osteogenic differentiation, whereas knock down of miR-21-5p in TBI-Exos deprived this bone-beneficial effect at a great extent. Similarly, our results confirmed that pre-injection of TBI-Exos leads to enhanced bone formation, whereas knock down of exosomal miR-21-5p was capable to markedly impair this bone-beneficial effect in vivo. ConclusionOur findings provide a potential mechanism of the beneficial role of TBI in fracture healing with a particular focus on the TBI-Exos, and suggest that the use of nanosized materials combined with miR-21-5p-mimics may be a promising therapeutic approach to enhance fracture healing in the future.
Fruit and Vegetable Intakes and Sleep in Linkage With Cognition Among Older Adults in China
Authors: Bai Chen , Xie Yuning , Gu Danan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Identifying factors associated with cognitive impairment among older adults is critical. This study aims to examine associations of fruit and/or vegetable intake (FVI), sleep quality and duration, and their interactions with cognitive performance among older adults in China.Methods: We utilize nationwide datasets in 2008 and 2011 in China to examine associations between sleep quality and duration, FVI, and cognitive impairment. Interactions between sleep and FVI on cognitive performance are also examined. All analyses are further stratified by gender, age group, and urban-rural residence.Results: When all covariates are fully adjusted for in the cross-sectional analyses, frequent FVI is associated with a 29% lower risk of cognitive impairment compared with less frequent FVI, and daily sleeping durations of ≤6h and ≥10h are associated with a 13% and a 51% higher risk of cognitive impairment, respectively, as compared with the duration of 8h. Sleep quality is not significantly associated with cognitive impairment compared with fair/poor sleep quality when all covariates are adjusted, though it is associated with a 31% lower risk when only demographics are controlled for. Interaction analyses reveal that frequent FVI offsets the higher risk of cognitive impairment for poor sleep quality and excessive sleep durations. Subgroup analyses show a generally similar pattern for both sexes but a more pronounced association for young older adults than for oldest-old adults. The patterns of the interactions of FVI, sleep quality, and sleep duration with cognitive impairment differ by urban-rural residence. However, associations of good sleep quality, adequate sleep duration, and frequent FVI with the incidence of cognitive impairment over a 3-year follow-up period are mostly not significant. Conclusions: The positive association of good sleep quality, appropriate sleep duration, frequent FVI, with good cognitive is mainly cumulative or long-term. Frequent FVI could offset a higher risk of cognitive impairment for poor sleep quality and/or excessive sleep durations. The associations are similar for both sexes but are stronger in oldest-old adults and differ by urban-rural residence.
Chromatin organizer SATB1 controls the cell identity of CD4+ CD8+ double-positive thymocytes by compacting super-enhancers
Authors: Feng Delong , Chen Yanhong , Dai Ranran , Bian Shasha , Xue Wei , Zhu Yongchang , Li Zhaoqiang , Yang Yiting , Zhang Yan , Zhang Jiarui , Bai Jie , Qin Litao , Kohwi Yoshinori , Shi Weili , Kohwi-Shigematsu Terumi , Liao Shixiu , Hao Bingtao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
CD4+ and CD8+ double-positive (DP) thymocytes are at a crucial stage during the T cell development in the thymus. DP cells rearrange the T cell receptor gene Tcra to generate T cell receptors with TCRβ. Then DP cells differentiate into CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocytes, Regulatory T cells, or invariant nature kill T cells (iNKT) according to the TCR signal. Chromatin organizer SATB1 is highly expressed in DP cells and plays an essential role in regulating Tcra rearrangement and differentiation of DP cells. Here we explored the mechanism of SATB1 orchestrating gene expression in DP cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing assay of SATB1-deficient thymocytes showed that the cell identity of DP thymocytes was changed, and the genes specifically highly expressed in DP cells were down-regulated. The super-enhancers regulate the expressions of the DP-specific genes, and the SATB1 deficiency reduced the super-enhancer activity. Hi-C data showed that interactions in super-enhancers and between super-enhancers and promoters decreased in SATB1 deficient thymocytes. We further explored the regulation mechanism of two SATB1-regulating genes, Ets2 and Bcl6, in DP cells and found that the knockout of the super-enhancers of these two genes impaired the development of DP cells. Our research reveals that SATB1 globally regulates super-enhancers of DP cells and promotes the establishment of DP cell identity, which helps understand the role of SATB1 in thymocyte development.
The Interval Between Staged Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasties Does Not Affect Early Complications of the Second Knee or Long-term Function of the First and Second Knees
Authors: Shang Guangqian , Xiang Shuai , Guo Jianjun , Ji Feng , Yang Shuai , Liu Kun , Xu Hao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: This study explored the optimal time interval between staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BTKA) to minimise early complications of the second TKA and maximise long-term function of the first and second knees.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 266 patients who underwent staged BTKA between 2010 and 2015. Groups 1–4 had time intervals between BTKAs of 1–6, 6–12, 12–18, and 18–24 months, respectively. Demographics, postoperative complications within 90 days of the second TKA, Knee Society Score (KSS), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score were compared among the groups.Results: In total, 54, 96, 75, and 41 patients were assigned to groups 1–4, respectively. Although group 1 had the highest overall complication rate (11.11%), there was no significant difference in the complication rate among the four groups. Also, no significant differences were found among the four groups in functional and patient-reported outcomes, in either the first or second knee at 5 years postoperatively, including KSS-knee, KSS-function, WOMAC-pain, WOMAC-stiffness, and WOMAC-physical function. The interval between BTKA did not influence complications or the function of the second knee. The TKA type (posterior-stabilised vs. medial-pivot) and age did not correlate significantly with any scores.Conclusions: There was no group difference in early complications of the second TKA, and postoperative function was equivalent between the two knees and did not vary by the interval between surgeries. Our results can help surgeons discuss the timing of the second TKA with patients, which should be based on their own preferences. If patients cannot tolerate severe symptoms in the contralateral knee after the first TKA, the second TKA should be performed as early as possible.