bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of barbell resistance exercise on information processing speed and conflict-related ERP in older adults: a crossover randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lin Ting-Yu , Hsieh Shu-Shih , Chueh Ting-Yu , Huang Chung-Ju , Hung Tsung-Min 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIt is difficult to draw conclusions about the effect of resistance exercises on information processing speed and inhibitory control from previous studies due to possible underestimations of maximal strength and the lack of information on the intervention programs. To address this issue, a familiarization of resistance exercise was introduced before the strength test, and the repetition-to-fatigue method was used to calculate the 1RM (one repetition max). A two-arm RCT was conducted to evaluate the cognitive effect of resistance exercise. Male adults aged 50–65 years old performed a single bout of multiple joint, structural barbell resistance exercises (back squat, press, and deadlift) with 75% 1RM * 5 repetitions * 3 sets with 2–3 min rest between sets and exercises or a stretching exercise session (active-control intervention). This type of resistance exercise improved the information processing speed measured by Stroop task reaction time (t(23) =  − 2.313, p = .030, M =  − 16 ms, 95% CI [− 30, − 2]) and decreased the conflict-related neural activity measured by event-related potential N2b in both congruent (t(20) = 2.674, p = .015, M = 2.290 μv, 95% CI [0.504, 4.075]) and incongruent (t(20) = 2.851, p = .018, M = 2.291 μv, 95% CI [0.439, 4.142]) conditions. Resistance exercise significantly improved information processing speed and decrease conflict-related neural activity, but did not change inhibitory control in older adults compared to active control.Trial registration: NCT04534374 (01/09/2020).
Femtosecond laser micromachining of an optofluidics-based monolithic whispering-gallery mode resonator coupled to a suspended waveguide
Authors: Maia João M. , Amorim Vítor A. , Viveiros Duarte , Marques P. V. S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA monolithic lab-on-a-chip fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining capable of label-free biosensing is reported. The device is entirely made of fused silica, and consists of a microdisk resonator integrated inside a microfluidic channel. Whispering gallery modes are excited by the evanescent field of a circular suspended waveguide, also incorporated within the channel. Thermal annealing is performed to decrease the surface roughness of the microstructures to a nanometric scale, thereby reducing intrinsic losses and maximizing the Q-factor. Further, thermally-induced morphing is used to position, with submicrometric precision, the suspended waveguide tangent to the microresonator to enhance the spatial overlap between the evanescent field of both optical modes. With this fabrication method and geometry, the alignment between the waveguide and the resonator is robust and guaranteed at all instances. A maximum sensitivity of 121.5 nm/RIU was obtained at a refractive index of 1.363, whereas near the refractive index range of water-based solutions the sensitivity is 40 nm/RIU. A high Q-factor of 105 is kept throughout the entire measurement range.
Mussels drive polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) biomagnification in a coastal food web
Authors: Prince Kimberly D. , Crotty Sinead M. , Cetta Alexa , Delfino Joseph J. , Palmer Todd M. , Denslow Nancy D. , Angelini Christine 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDespite international regulation, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are routinely detected at levels threatening human and environmental health. While previous research has emphasized trophic transfer as the principle pathway for PCB accumulation, our study reveals the critical role that non-trophic interactions can play in controlling PCB bioavailability and biomagnification. In a 5-month field experiment manipulating saltmarsh macro-invertebrates, we show that suspension-feeding mussels increase concentrations of total PCBs and toxic dioxin-like coplanars by 11- and 7.5-fold in sediment and 10.5- and 9-fold in cordgrass-grazing crabs relative to no-mussel controls, but do not affect PCB bioaccumulation in algae-grazing crabs. PCB homolog composition and corroborative dietary analyses demonstrate that mussels, as ecosystem engineers, amplify sediment contamination and PCB exposure for this burrowing marsh crab through non-trophic mechanisms. We conclude that these ecosystem engineering activities and other non-trophic interactions may have cascading effects on trophic biomagnification pathways, and therefore exert strong bottom-up control on PCB biomagnification up this coastal food web.
Differential root and shoot magnetoresponses in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Paponov Ivan A. , Fliegmann Judith , Narayana Ravishankar , Maffei Massimo E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe geomagnetic field (GMF) is one of the environmental stimuli that plants experience continuously on Earth; however, the actions of the GMF on plants are poorly understood. Here, we carried out a time-course microarray experiment to identify genes that are differentially regulated by the GMF in shoot and roots. We also used qPCR to validate the activity of some genes selected from the microarray analysis in a dose-dependent magnetic field experiment. We found that the GMF regulated genes in both shoot and roots, suggesting that both organs can sense the GMF. However, 49% of the genes were regulated in a reverse direction in these organs, meaning that the resident signaling networks define the up- or downregulation of specific genes. The set of GMF-regulated genes strongly overlapped with various stress-responsive genes, implicating the involvement of one or more common signals, such as reactive oxygen species, in these responses. The biphasic dose response of GMF-responsive genes indicates a hormetic response of plants to the GMF. At present, no evidence exists to indicate any evolutionary advantage of plant adaptation to the GMF; however, plants can sense and respond to the GMF using the signaling networks involved in stress responses.
A novel framework for engineering protein loops exploring length and compositional variation
Authors: Tizei Pedro A. G. , Harris Emma , Withanage Shamal , Renders Marleen , Pinheiro Vitor B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInsertions and deletions (indels) are known to affect function, biophysical properties and substrate specificity of enzymes, and they play a central role in evolution. Despite such clear significance, this class of mutation remains an underexploited tool in protein engineering with few available platforms capable of systematically generating and analysing libraries of varying sequence composition and length. We present a novel DNA assembly platform (InDel assembly), based on cycles of endonuclease restriction digestion and ligation of standardised dsDNA building blocks, that can generate libraries exploring both composition and sequence length variation. In addition, we developed a framework to analyse the output of selection from InDel-generated libraries, combining next generation sequencing and alignment-free strategies for sequence analysis. We demonstrate the approach by engineering the well-characterized TEM-1 β-lactamase Ω-loop, involved in substrate specificity, identifying multiple novel extended spectrum β-lactamases with loops of modified length and composition—areas of the sequence space not previously explored. Together, the InDel assembly and analysis platforms provide an efficient route to engineer protein loops or linkers where sequence length and composition are both essential functional parameters.
Non-randomized comparison between revascularization and deferral for intermediate coronary stenosis with abnormal fractional flow reserve and preserved coronary flow reserve
Authors: Shin Doosup , Lee Joo Myung , Lee Seung Hun , Hwang Doyeon , Choi Ki Hong , Kim Hyun Kuk , Doh Joon-Hyung , Nam Chang-Wook , Shin Eun-Seok , Hoshino Masahiro , Murai Tadashi , Yonetsu Taishi , Mejía-Rentería Hernán , Kakuta Tsunekazu , Escaned Javier , Koo Bon-Kwon 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLimited data are available regarding comparative prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus deferral of revascularization in patients with intermediate stenosis with abnormal fractional flow reserve (FFR) but preserved coronary flow reserve (CFR). From the International Collaboration of Comprehensive Physiologic Assessment Registry (NCT03690713), a total of 330 patients (338 vessels) who had coronary stenosis with FFR ≤ 0.80 but CFR > 2.0 were selected for the current analysis. Patient-level clinical outcome was assessed by major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 5 years, a composite of all-cause death, target-vessel myocardial infarction (MI), or target-vessel revascularization. Among the study population, 231 patients (233 vessels) underwent PCI and 99 patients (105 vessels) were deferred. During 5 years of follow-up, cumulative incidence of MACE was 13.0% (31 patients) without significant difference between PCI and deferred groups (12.7% vs. 14.0%, adjusted HR 1.301, 95% CI 0.611–2.769, P = 0.495). Multiple sensitivity analyses by propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting also showed no significant difference in patient-level MACE and vessel-specific MI or revascularization. In this hypothesis-generating study, there was no significant difference in clinical outcomes between PCI and deferred groups among patients with intermediate stenosis with FFR ≤ 0.80 but CFR > 2.0. Further study is needed to confirm this finding.Clinical Trial Registration: International Collaboration of Comprehensive Physiologic Assessment Registry (NCT03690713; registration date: 10/01/2018).
Urinary reabsorption in the rat kidney by anticholinergics
Authors: Oe Hideki , Yoshiki Hatsumi , Zha Xinmin , Kobayashi Hisato , Aoki Yoshitaka , Ito Hideaki , Yokoyama Osamu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAnticholinergics, therapeutic agents for overactive bladder, are clinically suggested to reduce urine output. We investigated whether this effect is due to bladder or kidney urine reabsorption. Various solutions were injected into the bladder of urethane-anesthetized SD rats. The absorption rate for 2 h was examined following the intravenous administration of the anticholinergics imidafenacin (IM), atropine (AT), and tolterodine (TO). The bilateral ureter was then canulated and saline was administered to obtain a diuretic state. Anticholinergics or 1-deamino-[8-D-arginine]-vasopressin (dDAVP) were intravenously administered. After the IM and dDAVP administrations, the rat kidneys were immunostained with AQP2 antibody, and intracellular cAMP was measured. The absorption rate was ~ 10% of the saline injected into the bladder and constant even when anticholinergics were administered. The renal urine among peaked 2 h after the saline administration. Each of the anticholinergics significantly suppressed the urine production in a dose-dependent manner, as did dDAVP. IM and dDAVP increased the intracellular cAMP levels and caused the AQP2 molecule to localize to the collecting duct cells' luminal side. The urinary reabsorption mechanism through the bladder epithelium was not activated by anticholinergic administration. Thus, anticholinergics suppress urine production via an increase in urine reabsorption in the kidneys' collecting duct cells via AQP2.
ZnS/CdX (X = S, Se, Te) core/shell nanowires: an attempt at tuning the electronic bandgaps and SQ efficiencies
Authors: Shukla Rishit S. , Zala Vidit B. , Gupta Sanjeev K. , Gajjar P. N. 
Published: April 2021

With the incorporation of group II–VI nanowires into core/shell configurations, our DFT based calculations predicted the highly escalated SQ efficiencies upto 33.59%.
Bioactive peptide release and the absorption tracking of casein in the gastrointestinal digestion of rats
Authors: Xue Haiyan , Han Jingjing , He Baoyuan , Yi Meixia , Liu Xiaofeng , Song Hongxin , Li Jingying 
Published: April 2021

Bovine casein is considered as an important source of many bioactive peptides (BAPs), which can also be produced via not olny in vitro simulated but also in vivo gastrointestinal hydrolysis.
CORALIE radial velocity search for companions around evolved stars (CASCADES)
Authors: Buldgen G. , Ottoni G. , Pezzotti C. , Lyttle A. , Eggenberger P. , Udry S. , Ségransan D. , Miglio A. , Mayor M. , Lovis C. , Elsworth Y. , Davies G. R. , Ball W. H. 
Published: April 2021

Context. The advent of asteroseismology as the golden path to precisely characterize single stars naturally led to synergies with the field of exoplanetology. Today, the precise determination of stellar masses, radii and ages for exoplanet-host stars is a driving force in the development of dedicated software and techniques to achieve this goal. However, as various approaches exist, it is clear that they all have advantages and inconveniences and that there is a trade-off between accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of the techniques.
Aims. We aim to compare and discuss various modelling techniques for exoplanet-host red giant stars for which TESS data are available. The results of the seismic modelling are then used to study the dynamical evolution and atmospheric evaporation of the planetary systems.
Methods. We study, in detail, the robustness, accuracy and precision of various seismic modelling techniques when applied to four exoplanet-host red giants observed by TESS. We discuss the use of global seismic indexes, the use of individual radial frequencies and that of non-radial oscillations. In each case, we discuss the advantages and inconveniences of the modelling technique.
Results. We determine precise and accurate masses of exoplanet-host red giant stars orbited by long-period Jupiter-like planets using various modelling techniques. For each target, we also provide a model-independent estimate of the mass from a mean density inversion combined with radii values from Gaia and spectroscopic data. We show that no engulfment or migration is observed for these targets, even if their evolution is extended beyond their estimated seismic ages up the red giant branch.
Skeletal muscle properties and vascular function do not differ between healthy, young vegan and omnivorous men
Authors: Page Joe , Erskine Robert M. , Hopkins Nicola D. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTA vegan diet is associated with reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but protein deficiencies may be detrimental to skeletal muscle structure and function. The aim of this study was to compare the vascular and skeletal muscle properties between young, healthy, recreationally active habitual vegan (VEG) and omnivorous (OMN) men. Sixteen OMN and nine VEG underwent ultrasound scans to determine brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid artery intima‐media thickness (cIMT) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle thickness and fascicle pennation angle. Knee extension maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) force was assessed on an isokinetic dynamometer, and O2max on a cycle ergometer and online gas analysis system. A three‐day food diary determined habitual dietary behaviour. Bayesian analyses of independent groups provided “moderate” to “very strong” evidence for lower consumption of absolute (63±21 g/d vs. 98 ± 30 g/d; Bayes Factor (BF01) = 0.140) and relative (0.86 ± 0.29 g/kg/d vs.1.36 ± 0.52 g/kg/d; BF01 = 0.259) protein, absolute saturated fat (15.2 ± 7.9 g vs. 30.3 ± 11.8 g; BF01 = 0.089) and cholesterol (5.0 ± 6.0 mg vs. 337.9 ± 232.6 mg; BF01 = 0.019) in VEG compared to OMN, respectively. Further, there was “anecdotal” evidence to support no differences in FMD (3.37 ± 3.31% vs. 4.58 ± 5.82%; BF01 = 2.591), cIMT (0.51 ± 0.07 mm vs. 0.49 ± 0.04 mm; BF01 = 2.510), VL thickness (26.1 ± 3.7 mm vs. 27.8 ± 6.4 mm; BF01 = 2.726), fascicle pennation angle (16.6 ± 4.7° vs. 17.7 ± 3.7°; BF01 = 2.844), MVIC (627 ± 182 N vs. 551 ± 102 N; BF01 = 1.656) or O2max (40.8 ± 9.8 ml/kg/min vs. 35.8 ± 5.2 ml/kg/min; BF01 = 1.218) between VEG and OMN, respectively. Despite marked differences in habitual nutrient intake, healthy, young vegan and omnivorous men did not differ regarding vascular and skeletal muscle structure and function, or cardiovascular fitness.
Bound states of Dirac equation using the proper quantization rule
Authors: Bachi H , Touloum S , Ighezou F Z , Gharbi A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Using the proper quantization rule, we investigate the exact solution of Dirac equation for Hartmann and the ring-shaped non-spherical harmonic oscillator potentials under the condition of equal scalar and vector potentials. By considering the proper quantization condition within angular and radial variables, the exact relativistic energy spectra are obtained for each system. Then by the mean of suitable changes of variables, the corresponding spinor wave-functions are constructed where the normalization constants are exactly calculated. We also derived the non-relativistic limit of energy spectra.
Is asymptotically safe inflation eternal?
Authors: Chojnacki J. , Krajecka J. , Kwapisz J.H. , Slowik O. , Strag A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recently, based on swampland considerations in string theory, the (no) eternal inflation principle has been put forward. The natural question arises whether similar conditions hold in other approaches to quantum gravity. In this article, the asymptotic safety hypothesis is considered in the context of eternal inflation.

As exemplary inflationary models the SU(N) Yang-Mills in the Veneziano limit and various RG-improvements of the gravitational action are studied. The existence of UV fixed point generically flattens the potential and our findings suggest no tension between eternal inflation and asymptotic safety, both in the matter and gravitational sector in contradistinction to string theory. Moreover, the eternal inflation cannot take place in the range of applicability of effective field quantum gravity theory.

We employ the analytical relations for eternal inflation to some of the models with single minima, such as Starobinsky inflation, alpha-attractors, or the RG-improved models and verify them with the massive numerical simulations. The validity of these constraints is also discussed for a multi-minima model.
Design and calibration of an optically segmented single volume scatter camera for neutron imaging
Authors: Galindo-Tellez A. , Keefe K. , Adamek E. , Brubaker E. , Crow B. , Dorrill R. , Druetzler A. , Felix C.J. , Kaneshige N. , Learned J.G. , Manfredi J.J. , Nishimura K. , Pinto Souza B. , Schoen D. , Sweany M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Optically Segmented Single Volume Scatter Camera (OS-SVSC) aims to image neutron sources for non-proliferation applications using the kinematic reconstruction of elastic double-scatter events. Our prototype system consists of 64 EJ-204 organic plastic scintillator bars, each measuring 5mm × 5mm × 200mm and individually wrapped in Teflon tape. The scintillator array is optically coupled to two silicon photomultiplier ArrayJ-60035 64P-PCB arrays, each comprised of 64 individual 6x6mm J-Series sensors arranged in an 8 × 8 array.

We report on the design details, including component selections, mechanical design and assembly, and the electronics system. The described design leveraged existing off-the-shelf solutions to support the rapid development of a phase 1 prototype. Several valuable lessons were learned from component and system testing, including those related to the detector's mechanical structure and electrical crosstalk that we conclude originates in the commercial photodetector arrays and the associated custom breakout cards.

We detail our calibration efforts, beginning with calibrations for the electronics, based on the IRS3D application-specific integrated circuits, and their associated timing resolutions, ranging from 3090ps. With electronics calibrations applied, energy and position calibrations were performed for a set of edge bars using 22Na and 90Sr, respectively, reporting an average resolution of 12.07±0.03mm for energy depositions between 900keVee and 1000keVee. We further demonstrate a position calibration method for the internal bars of the matrix using cosmic-ray muons as an alternative to emission sources that cannot easily access these bars, with an average measured resolution of 14.86+-0.29mm for depositions between 900keVee and 1000keVee. The coincident time resolution reported between pairs of bars measured up to 400ps from muon acquisitions. Energy and position calibration values measured with muons are consistent with those obtained using particle emission sources.
Detector geometry management system designed for Super Tau Charm Facility offline software
Authors: Li H. , Huang W.H. , Liu D. , Song Y. , Shao M. , Huang X.T. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a geometry management system (GMS) is designed for the Offline Software of Super Tau Charm Facility (STCF) in China. Based on the eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and Detector Description Toolkit for High Energy Physics Experiments (DD4Hep), the system provides a consistent detector-geometry description for different offline applications, such as simulation, reconstruction and visualization. It is being used for detector optimization and performance evaluation with a customized full detector simulation package (FullSim). The paper presents the design, implementation, and performance of the GMS.
RF pulse amplifier for CVD-diamond particle detectors
Authors: Hoarau C. , Bosson G. , Bouly J.-L. , Curtoni S. , Dauvergne D. , Everaere P. , Gallin-Martel M.-L. , Marcatili S. , Muraz J.-F. , Portier A. , Rosuel N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article introduces a design of a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), for the field of diamond particle detectors. This amplifier is described from simulation to measurements, which include pulses from α particles detection. In hadron therapy, with high-frequency pulsed particle beams, the diamond detector is a promising candidate for beam monitoring and time-stamping, with prerequisite of fast electronics. The LNA is designed with surface mounted components and RF layout techniques to control costs and to allow timing performance suitable for sub-nanosecond edges of pulses. Also this amplifier offers the possibility of high voltage biasing, a characteristic essential for driving diamond detectors. Finally the greatest asset of this study is certainly the minimization of the power consumption, which allows us to consider designs with multiple amplifiers, in limited space, for striped diamond detectors.