bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Early Social Cognition Inventory (ESCI): An examination of its psychometric properties from birth to 47 months
Authors: Hoicka Elena , Soy-Telli Burcu , Prouten Eloise , Leckie George , Browne William J. , Nurmsoo Erika , Gattis Merideth 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSocial cognition refers to a broad range of cognitive processes and skills that allow individuals to interact with and understand others, including a variety of skills from infancy through preschool and beyond, e.g., joint attention, imitation, and belief understanding. However, no measures examine socio-cognitive development from birth through preschool. Current test batteries and parent-report measures focus either on infancy, or toddlerhood through preschool (and beyond). We report six studies in which we developed and tested a new 21-item parent-report measure of social cognition targeting 0–47 months: the Early Social Cognition Inventory (ESCI). Study 1 (N= 295) revealed the ESCI has excellent internal reliability, and a two-factor structure capturing social cognition and age. Study 2 (N= 605) also showed excellent internal reliability and confirmed the two-factor structure. Study 3 (N= 84) found a medium correlation between the ESCI and a researcher-administered social cognition task battery. Study 4 (N= 46) found strong 1-month test–retest reliability. Study 5 found longitudinal stability (6 months:N= 140; 12 months:N= 39), and inter-observer reliability between parents (N= 36) was good, and children’s scores increased significantly over 6 and 12 months. Study 6 showed the ESCI was internally reliable within countries (Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, United States, Trinidad and Tobago); parent ethnicity; parent education; and age groups from 4–39 months. ESCI scores positively correlated with household income (UK); children with siblings had higher scores; and Australian parents reported lower scores than American, British, and Canadian parents.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Teaching Hospital in Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Norfazilah , Mohd Ali Norzehan Fatimah , Mohammed Nawi Azmawati , Hassan Mohd Rohaizat , Aizuddin Azimatun Noor , Hod Rozita , Daud Faiz , Salleh Sharifah Azura , Periyasamy Petrick , Abdul Gafor Abdul Halim , Kori Najma 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Information on the clinical characteristics of local patients with confirmed COVID-19 is limited. This study aims to report the clinical characteristics of 147 patients admitted and receiving treatment at a teaching hospital.
Methodology: Patients’ socio-demographic and epidemiological data, clinical features, laboratory findings and clinical outcomes were extracted using a data sheet.
Results: The median patient age was 25 [interquartile range (IQR)] 20–44) years, and most of patients were male (68.7%) and of Malaysian nationality (88.4%). Almost half of the patients were from a case cluster related to a religious event (48.3%) and 12.9% had a history of overseas travel. A total of 33.3% of patients were not related to any case cluster, i.e. sporadic cases. Radiological investigation showed that 13.6% of the patients had chest X-ray changes and all laboratory parameters were within the normal ranges. Sixty-six patients (44.9%) experienced symptoms. The most common symptoms were rhinitis (66.7%), followed by fever (19.7%) and cough (15.2%). Age, gender, case cluster, comorbidity status, haemoglobin, albumin, total protein, bilirubin total and alkaline phosphatase level were associated with symptomatic status.
Conclusions: In this single-centre study, COVID-19 infection led not only to case clusters, but also to sporadic infections, with patients being either symptomatic or asymptomatic. These sporadic cases and asymptomatic patients may hamper effective contact tracing, leading to rapid human-to-human transmission in our population. Future studies on the prevalence and clinical significance of asymptomatic and presymptomatic COVID-19 patients would pre-emptively address issues on further containment of the pandemic.
Blast Cells Count Influences Bleeding Incidence in Acute Leukemia: Preliminary Study in South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Limijadi Edward Kurnia Setiawan , Ismail Qintani Cantika , Retnoningrum Dwi , Devi Wivina Riza , Riansari Anugrah 
Published: September 2021

Background: Acute leukemia is a malignant disease involving hematopoietic tissue, characterized by abnormal blood cells in bone marrow or called blast cells. The most common complications of acute leukemia is bleeding. A high percentage of blasts has been reported to increase the risk of bleeding in acute leukemia. Preliminary study was needed to investigate relationship between blast cells count and bleeding incidence in acute leukemia. Methods: Crosssectional study with observasional analytic in 18 adult subjects was conducted from November 2019 to March 2020 in Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin South Kalimantan. The data were taken from medical records of acute leukemia patients who met inclusion and exclusion criterias. Data analysis was using Fisher’s exact test. Results: There were 7 men and 11 women in this study. Blast cells count in peripheral with cut off <50% was 9 (50%) and ≥50% was 9 (50%). It was same for blast cells count in bone marrow. Both of women and men mostly have bleeding in acute leukemia, and bleeding incidence in women is higher than men. Bleeding condition was happened both in peripheral and bone marrow blast cells count with cut of <50% and ≥50%. Significancy of relationship between blast cells count and bleeding incidence was 0.637. Conclusion: There is no significant between blast cells count and the bleeding incidence in acute leukemia. Another parameters that could be influenced bleeding inceidence need to be investigate in acute leukemia.
Microglial NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation upon TLR2 and TLR5 Ligation by Distinct α-Synuclein Assemblies
Authors: Scheiblich Hannah , Bousset Luc , Schwartz Stephanie , Griep Angelika , Latz Eicke , Melki Ronald , Heneka Michael T 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by the formation of cellular inclusions inside neurons that are rich in an abnormal form of the protein α-synuclein (α-syn). Microglia are the CNS resident immune cells that react to misfolded proteins through pattern recognition receptor ligation and activation of signaling transduction pathways. Here, we studied activation of primary microglia isolated from wild-type mouse by distinct α-syn forms and their clearance. Internalization of α-syn monomers and oligomers efficiently activated the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome via TLR2 and TLR5 ligation, thereby acting on different signaling checkpoints. We found that primary microglia effectively engulf α-syn but hesitate in its degradation. NLRP3 inhibition by the selective inhibitor CRID3 sodium salt and NLRP3 deficiency improved the overall clearance of α-syn oligomers. Together, these data show that distinct α-syn forms exert different microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation properties, thereby compromising its degradation, which can be prevented by NLRP3 inhibition.
CD4 T Cell Responses to Theileria parva in Immune Cattle Recognize a Diverse Set of Parasite Antigens Presented on the Surface of Infected Lymphoblasts
Authors: Morrison W Ivan , Aguado Adriana , Sheldrake Tara A , Palmateer Nicholas C , Ifeonu Olukemi O , Tretina Kyle , Parsons Keith , Fenoy Emilio , Connelley Timothy , Nielsen Morten , Silva Joana C 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Parasite-specific CD8 T cell responses play a key role in mediating immunity against Theileria parva in cattle (Bos taurus), and there is evidence that efficient induction of these responses requires CD4 T cell responses. However, information on the antigenic specificity of the CD4 T cell response is lacking. The current study used a high-throughput system for Ag identification using CD4 T cells from immune animals to screen a library of ∼40,000 synthetic peptides representing 499 T. parva gene products. Use of CD4 T cells from 12 immune cattle, representing 12 MHC class II types, identified 26 Ags. Unlike CD8 T cell responses, which are focused on a few dominant Ags, multiple Ags were recognized by CD4 T cell responses of individual animals. The Ags had diverse properties, but included proteins encoded by two multimember gene families: five haloacid dehalogenases and five subtelomere-encoded variable secreted proteins. Most Ags had predicted signal peptides and/or were encoded by abundantly transcribed genes, but neither parameter on their own was reliable for predicting antigenicity. Mapping of the epitopes confirmed presentation by DR or DQ class II alleles and comparison of available T. parva genome sequences demonstrated that they included both conserved and polymorphic epitopes. Immunization of animals with vaccine vectors expressing two of the Ags demonstrated induction of CD4 T cell responses capable of recognizing parasitized cells. The results of this study provide detailed insight into the CD4 T cell responses induced by T. parva and identify Ags suitable for use in vaccine development.
Implementasi dan Analisis Metode Hierarchical Token Bucket pada Manajemen Bandwidth Jaringan (Studi Kasus : Jaringan Rektorat Institut Shanti Bhuana)
Authors: Nurcahyo Azriel Christian , Firgia Listra , Mustaqim Yulianto 
Published: September 2021

Menjelang persiapan visitasi online, penambahan prodi S1 Teknologi Informasi dan prodi Pendidikan Guru SD Shanti Bhuana pada Agustus 2020, tentunya diperlukan perombakan dari segi infrastruktur jaringan internet terutama bandwidth dan manajerial. Sejak tahun 2016-2019 jaringan gedung induk rektorat masih menerapkan routing dan login jaringan hot spot menggunakan bandwidth 10 Mbps yang dibagi 50 user secara bersamaan dengan teknik antrian sederhana. Pada tahun 2020 telah dilakukan overhaul jaringan oleh peneliti menggunakan bandwidth 100 Mbps pada jaringan utama, jaringan backup 20 Mbps, dan jaringan publik 5 Mbps dengan penerapan metode Hierarchical Token Bucket. Hasil pemerataan bandwidth dengan rata-rata pemakaian per minggu sebesar 95,35 % dari total throughput 100%, delay dari 177,9 ms menjadi 69,48 ms, packet loss dari 22,67% menjadi 1,67% dan jitter dari 189,4 ms menjadi 14.768 ms. Dengan jaringan HTB yang didistribusikan sesuai prioritas sehingga hingga saat ini overhaul jaringan oleh peneliti masih digunakan dengan backbone terbagi menjadi dua jalur publik RB 1100 AHx4 dan jalur administrasi RB 450G.
Kata Kunci — bandwidth, hierchical token bucket, jaringan
Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of symptomatic bloodstream infection in Dhaka City
Authors: Zakerin Abedin , Md. SifatUz Zaman  , Fayez Ahmed  , Farida Yeasmin  , Md. Babul Aktar  , Rasheda Yasmin Shilpi  , Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed  
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION: Bacteremia, is regarded as a significant reason in all over the world for morbidity and mortality in mainly sick patients. Invasion by microorganisms in blood constitutes the critical issues in infectious disease. The aims and objectives are to find out the pathogenic agents infecting males and females in blood of different age groups and naturally used antimicrobial sensitivity profiles. METHODS: All the blood samples were collected aseptically and tested in Popular Diagnostic Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh between May, 2020 and October, 2020. Total 305 blood specimens from both sexes of different age groups were collected. Cultural analysis was performed by Gram staining, phenotypic examination, biochemical and serological analysis. Finally, antibiotic susceptibility test was done against commonly used antibiotics. RESULTS: 96 (31.47%) samples yielded a positive culture with predominant isolate being Salmonella typhi (41.66%) though Salmonella spp., Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus spp and Pseudomonas spp. were also detected. Like most of previous reports, Salmonella spp was predominant, this corroborates this study. But the profile of antimicrobial susceptibility of the detected organisms varied comparing studies which were done in the past. The isolates were found mostly resistant to nalidixic acid. Most of the pathogens showed tremendous susceptibility against ceftriaxone, cefixime, ceftazidime etc.
CONCLUSION: The antibiotic selection for the treatment of bacteraemia in patients should always be serious concern due to multidrug resistant (MRD) bacterial isolates. For proper treatment of anti-bacterial resistance and critical mortality and morbidity should be related with the sickness. For validating more reliability, this research requires further work.
Prevalence of Various Sign and Symptoms of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Asif Kahkshan , Qurat ul ain  
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic syndrome marked by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin hormone. Diabetic neuropathy is a complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Although pain is one of the most dominant symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, its pathophysiological mechanisms yet unknown. Toxic effects of high glucose levels play an important role in the development of this complication.
METHODOLOGY: Data was collected through the questionnaire regarding Clinical findings, medical records, weight, age, family history, different habits, and psychogenic behavior. All the patients with the mentioned diseases are included in this study, excluding the mentally ill patients and the pregnant women.
RESULT: The result of the present study showed that diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus. It has been observed that most of the patients due to lack of awareness are suspected to the elevated or extreme blood sugar level which leads to neuropathy. Due to the Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) most of the patients suffering from foot problems, foot ulcers and then amputations. Lack of awareness, lack of health management, obesity, blood pressure changes, less care plays a key role in increasing the chances of diabetic neuropathy. COCLUSION: Diabetic neuropathy had very bad influence on a person’s health and daily activities. The Patient education programs need to emphasize on large scale. The ultimate aim of this study is the foot care education for people with the diabetes and to prevent foot ulcers and amputation.
Pressure Vessel Mechanical Design Case study for 10 kg/cm² Pressure and 179 C Temperature
Authors: Sumanto Sumanto , Asmiran Yuni Pita , Silva Pedro Da , Gunawan Hendra , Maulana Acim 
Published: September 2021

Pressure vessel is a closed tube that holds pressure, both internal pressure and external pressure. This pressure vessel is designed to function as a reservoir for condensate or condensed water and convert it into steam or hot steam. This article discusses the design of a pressure vessel for a pressure of about 10 kg/cm² and a design temperature of 179oC. In the design of this pressure vessel, it includes determining the material to be used in the design, determining the allowable stress of each material used, determining the cylinder wall thickness, cylinder head or cover wall thickness, nozzle wall thickness, determining the maximum allowable working pressure limit. or maximum allowable working pressure and testing after the pressure vessel is finished, namely the hydrostatic test method. The design has been successfully carried out according to the provisions.
Bejana tekan atau pressure vessel adalah suatu tabung tertutup penampung tekanan, baik tekanan dari dalam maupun tekanan dari luar bejana. Bejana tekan yang ini dirancang berfungsi sebagai penampung condensate atau air kondensasi dan mengubahnya menjadi steam atau uap panas. Pada artikel ini dibahas perancangan pressure vessel untuk tekanan sekitar 10 kg/cm² dan suhu rancang 179oC. Dalam perancangan bejana tekan ini meliputi pemilihan material yang akan digunakan dalam perancangan, menentukan tegangan yang diijinkan atau allowable stress dari setiap material yang digunakan, menentuan tebal dinding silinder, tebal dinding head atau penutup silinder, tebal dinding nozzle, menentuan batas tekanan kerja maksimum yang diijinkan atau maximum allowable working pressure dan pengujian setelah bejana tekan jadi yaitu dengan metode hydrostatic test. Dalam artikel ini perancangan secara numeris telah berhasil dilakukan dengan baik sesuai ketentuan.
Evaluación preliminar de 10 plantas medicinales del Valle del Mantaro mediante el método cualitativo (fitoquímico) para uso farmacéutico
Authors: Lavado Morales Ivar Jines , Andamayo Flores Diana Esmeralda , Castillo Andamayo Diana Esmeralda , Junchaya Yllescas Vilma Amparo 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Determinar preliminarmente 10 plantas medicinales del Valle del Mantaro mediante el método cualitativo (fitoquímico) para uso farmacéutico. Material y Métodos: Cualitativo (fitoquímico) para uso farmacéutico. Resultados: La actividad farmacognósicas de las plantas medicinales son utilizadas en el Valle del Mantaro: Xanthium spinosum (Juan alonso) como antitumoral y anticancerígena, Equisetum arvense (Cola de caballo) como osteoporosis, coagulación sanguínea Mentha sativa L (Hierba buena) para el nerviosismo, Rumex crispus L. (Cuturrumasa) como antiinflamatorio, Piper aduncum (Matico) como antiviral, Centauriun erythraea Rafn. (Canchalagua) como antitumorales, antidiabéticas, Schinus molle (Molle) como antirreumático, Psoralea glandulosaxonomía (Culen) como hipoglucemiente, Minthostachys mollis (Inca muña) como antireumático y acción carminativa, Taraxacum officinale (Diente de león) como hipoglucemiante. Conclusiones: De acuerdo al análisis fitoquímico de las plantas, confirman la actividad farmacológica para el uso medicinal: Xanthium spinosum (Juan Alonso), Equisetum arvense (Cola de caballo), Mentha sativa L. (Hierba buena), Rumex crispus L. (Cuturrumasa), Piper aduncum (Matico), Centauriun erythraea Rafn (Canchalagua), Schinus molle (Molle), Psoralea glandulosaxonomía (Culen), Minthostachys mollis (Inca Muña) y Taraxacum officinale (Diente de León). El uso de las plantas medicinales en el Valle del Mantaro por sus metabolitos secundarios pueden asociarse a prometedoras actividades medicinales como: antitumorales, anticancerígenos, osteoporosis, antiviral, antidiabéticas, antirreumático; siendo candidatos para estudios con mayor profundidad fitoquímica y farmacobiólogica.
Factors Influencing Purchase Intention of Elancing Using UTAUT Model: A Case Study of Mahajasa
Authors: Adiratna Hanifah Dwi , Wulansari Amilia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Technology advancements have given rise to a new labor market mechanism known as elancing, where people could purchase freelance services through online sites. Following the trend, Mahajasa as a freelance marketplace startup has to compete with other existing competitors in Indonesia. Established for a year, fluctuating revenue and unknown intention of buying is incurred. Mahajasa aims for SMEs and students across Indonesia. But some recent studies stated that SMEs in Indonesia are reluctant to accept new technology since most marketplaces are in the adoption stage. This study's main objective is Understanding the most influential factors of purchase intention in buying services from freelance marketplace or freelance social media using UTAUT model. The research concluded 386 respondents from Indonesia who had used elancing platforms aged 15-44 years old and analyzed using SmartPLS. The result showed performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and perceived trust has a positive impact on purchase intention. While perceived trust has a partial mediating role between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence to purchase intention.
Factors Influencing Vocation to Brotherhood in Holy Cross Congregation District of East Africa
Authors: Rogers Kakeeto , Omollo Fredrick , Ikpe Remigius 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The general objective of the study is to assess the factors influencing the rate of vocation to be a brother in Holy Cross Congregation in East Africa. The objectives that guided the study are; to explore how social status influence vocation to be a brother; to examine how the factor of being a clerical congregation may be influencing vocation to a brother; to determine how the need for professional career satisfaction influences vocation to be a brother, to investigate how different motivations influences vocation to be a brother and to identify possible ways of responding to challenges of vocation to be a brother in Holy Cross Congregation in East Africa.
Methodology: The study used convergent parallel approach to the mixed methods research design. The target population in this study is107 and used Total Population Sampling to study the 107 respondents. The study used interview guide and self-administered questionnaire for data collection. The quantitative data will be coded and analyzed systematically and presented using figure, percentages and chats. The qualitative data was analyzed according to the emerging themes and the results of both the quantitative and qualitative findings were compared to draw out their significance for the study.
Findings: The study established that social status, lack of awareness and perception that clerical vocation is more prestigious and glamorous than that of brotherhood are some of the factors affecting reduced vocations in brotherhood.
Unique contribution to theory, policy, and practice: The study recommends the need for a rigorous promotion of brotherhood vocations, training of brothers as professionals, uplift the status of brothers and put in place proper discernment of vocations to reduce the high rate of brothers’ turnover
Indigenous Culture and Western Christianity: An Assessment of Wimbum Experience with the Baptist Mission, 1927-2008
Authors: Talla Richard Tanto 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The advent and spread of Baptist Mission Christianity in Mbumland from 1927 constituted one of the major determinants of cultural transformation in the area. The process was catalysed by the multifaceted nature of the Baptist Mission’s approach at Proselytization – evangelism, education and health. As a consequence, knowledge of Baptist Mission activities in Mbumland and beyond was commonplace. Like most write-ups with ethnocentric slant, incipient literature on Christianity in Mbumland, emphasized the debilitating effects of the impinging culture on indigenous cultural life ways.
Methodology: This article employs primary and authoritative secondary data to argue that the spread of the Baptist faith in Mbumland between 1927 and 2008 rather led to culture sharing as the contemporary practice of the faith exuded a blend of both cultures.
Results: The study therefore demonstrates that while Mbumland was being Christianised, Christianity itself imbibed Wimbum values and adopted an indigenous complexion specially to suit the practical circumstances.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study positions itself within a peculiar academic niche which emphasizes that the advent of the Baptist Mission in Mbumland led to indigenous culture simultaneously affecting and being affected by Christian values. While extant works in this thematic specialisation have often either emphasized the effects of one of the variables on the other, the peculiarity of this work is its midway position which spotlights the sharing mechanisms wherein, indigenous culture affected and was being affected by Christian values since the advent of the Baptist Mission in Mbumland.
Keywords: Indigenous Culture, Western Christianity, Wimbum, Baptist Mission, Syncretism