bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiomyocyte SORBS2 expression increases in heart failure and regulates integrin interactions and extracellular matrix composition
Authors: Timmer Louk T , den Hertog Elvira , Versteeg Danielle , Post Harm , Verdonschot Job A J , Monshouwer-Kloots Jantine , Kyriakopoulou Eirini , Perini Ilaria , Koopmans Tim , van der Kraak Petra , Zentilin Lorena , Heymans Stephane R B , Vink Aryan , Giacca Mauro , Heck Albert J R , van Rooij Eva 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
In this study, we aimed to uncover genes associated with stressed cardiomyocytes by combining single-cell transcriptomic datasets from failing cardiac tissue from both humans and mice

Methods and results
Our bioinformatic analysis identified SORBS2 as conserved NPPA correlated gene. Using mouse models and cardiac tissue from human heart failure patients, we demonstrated that SORBS2 expression is consistently increased during pathological remodeling, correlates to disease severity and is regulated by GATA4. By affinity-purification mass-spectrometry, we showed SORBS2 to interact with the integrin-cytoskeleton connections. Cardiomyocyte-specific genetic loss of Sorbs2 in adult mice changed integrin interactions, indicated by the increased expression of several integrins and altered extracellular matrix components connecting to these integrins, leading to an exacerbated fibrotic response during pathological remodeling.

Conclusions
Sorbs2 is a cardiomyocyte-enriched gene that is increased during progression to heart failure in a GATA4-dependent manner and correlates to phenotypical hallmarks of cardiac failure.
Our data indicate SORBS2 to function as a crucial regulator of integrin interactions and cardiac fibrosis.
Residential exposome and the risk of coronary obstruction and myocardial ischemia detected by coronary computed tomography
Authors: De Potter Tom , Motoc Andreea , Verachtert Els , Hooyberghs Hans , Tanaka Kaoru , Belsack Dries , De Cock Diederik , Fierens Frans , Tsugu Toshimitsu , Nawrot Tim , Claeys Marc , Cosyns Bernard , Argacha Jean-François 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and Aims
To assess independent impacts of air and noise pollution, and residential green exposure on non-invasively derived coronary obstruction and myocardial ischemia.

Methods
Consecutive patients screened by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for stable chest pain between 01/01/2019 and 31/12/2020 were included in a registry. Exposure associations between residential PM2.5 (particulate matter &lt;2.5 micrometres), NO2 (nitric dioxide), major road distance, airport distance and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD, stenosis ≥50%) and abnormal fractional flow reserve (FFRCT&lt;80%) measurement were assessed by propensity score-adjusted logistic regression. Subgroup analysis was performed according to Framingham low (&lt;10%) and high (&gt;20%) 10-year coronary heart disease risk categories.

Results
2620 patients were enrolled, including 420(16%) FFRCT analyses. OCAD was reported in 518(20%) patients and abnormal FFRCT in 276(11%). People with OCAD lived closer to the airport (10.841 [7.869-19.022]km vs. 12.297 [8.691-22.843]km, p&lt;0.001). People living closer to the airport had more cardiovascular and socio-economic risk factors. Distance to airport decreased OCAD risk (OR 0.983, 95%CI 0.974-0.992, per 1km) in univariable analysis. After propensity score (PS) adjustment, environmental stressors were not significantly associated with OCAD, regardless of risk categories. Only distance to major road decreased abnormal FFRCT risk (OR 0.634, 95%CI: 0.421-0.926, per 1km) in high-risk patients after PS adjustment.

Conclusions
We found no clear environmental associations with CT-derived coronary obstruction or ischemia. However, airport proximity was linked to OCAD risk via cardiovascular and socio-economic factors, while major road proximity was independently associated with myocardial ischemia in high-CV-risk patients, warranting further investigation.
A Model to Identify Gray Zone Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Requiring Antiviral Therapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Xue-Yan , Li Xi-Dong , Wu Bai-Yun , Yang Qiao , Zheng Yu-Bao , Zheng Ming-Hua , Wu Yin-Ping , Ma Hang-Yu , Zuo Jing , Jia Ruo-Xi , Yu Yue , Xu Ling-Yun , Tian Yu-Xin , An Qi , Zhang Tao , He Ying-Li , Shi Yu , Fan Yu-Chen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Individuals who do not match any specific immune stage of chronic hepatitis B are classified into the gray zone, and appropriate management for these patients remains unclear. This study aimed to develop and validate a noninvasive model to identify gray zone patients requiring antiviral therapy (AVT).

Methods
We retrospectively collected data on 200 gray zone patients not requiring AVT, according to assessment by noninvasive parameters from 2010 to 2023 in 6 hospitals, and randomized them into development (n = 140) and validation (n = 60) cohorts. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify independent variables for establishing a nomogram to predict the probability of requiring AVT by liver biopsy.

Results
Seventy-eight patients (n = 39%) were identified as requiring AVT. The following were identified as independent variables for constructing the nomogram: age (odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01–1.11), alanine aminotransferase (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.08–5.59), lymphocyte percentage (OR, 6.43; 95% CI, 1.23–33.64), platelet count (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, .98–1.00), and international normalized ratio (per 0.01) (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, .98–.1.00). These variables showed good discriminability based on the development data set (area under the curve, 0.755) and validation data set (area under the curve, 0.707), calibration, and clinical applicability.

Conclusions
Gray zone patients requiring AVT should be identified, and the model developed here is a promising tool.

Clinical trials registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06041022.
Application of nDATA Workflow for Semi-Quantitative Screening of 1094 Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables Using UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap Full MS/vDIA
Authors: Wang Jian , Chow Willis , Wong Jon W 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cost-effective multi-residue pesticide methods with a broad detection scope are desired for risk-based monitoring programs.

Objective
The aim was to evaluate the nDATA (non-target Data Acquisition for Target Analysis) workflow using UHPLC/ESI quadrupole-Orbitrap (Q-Orbitrap) mass spectrometry and semi-quantitate 1094 pesticides in fruits and vegetables.

Methods
Pesticide extracts from fresh produce were prepared using the QuEChERS procedure. nDATA was carried out by utilizing UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap Full MS scan and variable data independent acquisition (vDIA). Data were processed using a Compound Database (CDB, 1094 pesticides) and one-point standard calibration with internal standards for semi-quantitation. Data processing criteria were based on retention time (± 0.5 min) and mass accuracy of a precursor ion (± 5 ppm) (RTP by full MS), or retention time (± 0.5 min) and mass accuracy of a precursor ion (± 5 ppm) and that of its fragment ion (± 10 ppm) (RTFI by full MS/vDIA).

Results
RTP found 1010 and 1094 pesticides, while RTFI identified 906 and 1029 pesticides at 10 and 100 μg/kg, respectively. RTF detected all 30 LC-amenable pesticides and RTFI identified 29 of 30 LC-amenable pesticides in eight proficiency testing samples. There were 42 pairs of co-eluting isomeric pesticides and five pairs of isobaric pesticides that were not separated by mass resolving power and/or chromatographic separation (ΔtR &lt; 0.12 min) with the current instrument parameter settings.

Conclusions
The validated nDATA workflow using UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap Full MS/vDIA proved to be a comprehensive detection method for semi-quantitative screening of 1094 pesticides in fruits and vegetables.

Highlights
nDATA combines both non-target data acquisition and target analysis. The non-target data acquisition generates data for retrospective analysis of a large number (over one thousand) of pesticides. The target analysis using a compound database (CDB) and a one-point standard calibration affords confidence in semi-quantitative screening results.
Maternal supplementation with α-tocopherol inhibits the development of offspring food allergy, H1R signaling and ultimately anaphylaxis early in life
Authors: Kosins Allison E , Gao Haoran , Blankenship Ross L , Emmerson Lauren N , Ochoa Joel A , Cook-Mills Joan M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Food allergy has had a rapid rise in prevalence, and thus it is important to identify approaches to limit the development of food allergy early in life. Because maternal dietary supplementation with α-tocopherol (α-T), an isoform of vitamin E, during pregnancy and nursing increases neonate plasma levels of α-T and can limit neonate development of other allergies, we hypothesized that α-T can limit development of food allergy. To assess this, male mice with mutations in their skin barrier genes (FT−/− mice) were mated with wild-type females that received a diet supplemented with α-tocopherol or a control diet. Starting at postnatal day 3, these FT+/− pups were sensitized 4 to 5 times over 2.5 weeks by skin co-exposure to the food allergen peanut extract (PNE) and the environmental allergen Alternaria alternata (Alt). Control pups were exposed to saline, PNE only or Alt only. Supplementation with α-T blocked Alt+PNE sensitization (anti-PNE-specific IgE), without blocking Alt+PNE-stimulated skin IL33, Areg, OSM, CCL11, TSLP or plasma MCPT1. However, supplementation with α-T blocked mast cell activation, the increase in plasma histamine in Alt+PNE sensitized pups, histamine receptor stimulation of endothelial PKCα signaling, and ultimately oral PNE-induced anaphylaxis in Alt+PNE sensitized mice. Thus, maternal supplementation with α-tocopherol reduced development of food allergy and anaphylaxis in neonates. These results have implications for supplementation of mothers with α-tocopherol to limit development of food allergy in neonates with skin barrier mutations.
MIGHTEE: exploring the relationship between spectral index, redshift, and radio luminosity
Authors: Pinjarkar Siddhant , Hardcastle Martin J , Lal Dharam V , Smith Daniel J B , Afonso José , Barbosa Davi , Hale Catherine L , Jarvis Matt J , Kolwa Sthabile , Murphy Eric , Vaccari Mattia , Whittam Imogen H 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
It has been known for many years that there is an apparent trend for the spectral index ($\alpha$) of radio sources to steepen with redshift z, which has led to attempts to select high-redshift objects by searching for radio sources with steep spectra. In this study, we use data from the MeerKAT, Low Frequency Array survey, Giant Metre-wave Radio Telescope survey (GMRT), and uGMRT telescopes, particularly using the MeerKAT International GHz Tiered Extragalactic Exploration (MIGHTEE) and superMIGHTEE surveys, to select compact sources over a wide range of redshifts and luminosities. We investigate the relationship between spectral index, luminosity and redshift and compare our results to those of previous studies. Although there is a correlation between $\alpha$ and z in our sample for some combinations of frequency where good data are available, there is a clear offset between the $\alpha$–z relations in our sample and those derived previously from samples of more luminous objects; in other words, the $\alpha$–z relation is different for low and high-luminosity sources. The relationships between $\alpha$ and luminosity are also weak in our sample but in general the most luminous sources are steeper-spectrum and this trend is extended by samples from previous studies. In detail, we argue that both a $\alpha$–luminosity relation and an $\alpha$–z relation can be found in the data, but it is the former that drives the apparent $\alpha$–z relation observed in earlier work, which only appears because of the strong redshift–luminosity relation in bright, flux density-limited samples. Steep-spectrum selection should be applied with caution in searching for high-z sources in future deep surveys.
Contemporaneous optical-radio observations of a fast radio burst in a close galaxy pair
Authors: Hanmer K Y , Pastor-Marazuela I , Brink J , Malesani D , Stappers B W , Groot P J , Cooper A J , Tejos N , Buckley D A H , Barr E D , Bezuidenhout M C , Bloemen S , Caleb M , Driessen L N , Fender R , Jankowski F , Kramer M , Pieterse D L A , Rajwade K M , Tian J , Vreeswijk P M , Wijnands R , Woudt P A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present the MeerKAT discovery and MeerLICHT contemporaneous optical observations of the Fast Radio Burst (FRB) 20230808F, which was found to have a dispersion measure of DM = 653.2 ± 0.4 pc cm−3. FRB 20230808F has a scattering timescale τs = 3.1 ± 0.1 ms at 1563.6 MHz, a rotation measure RM = 169.4 ± 0.2 rad m−2, and a radio fluence Fradio = 1.72 ± 0.01 Jy ms. We find no optical counterpart in the time immediately after the FRB, nor in the three months after the FRB during which we continued to monitor the field of the FRB. We set an optical upper flux limit in MeerLICHT’s q-band of 11.7 μJy for a 60 s exposure which started ∼3.4 s after the burst, which corresponds to an optical fluence, Fopt, of 0.039 Jy ms on a timescale of ∼3.4 s. We obtain an estimate for the q −band luminosity limit of vLv ∼ 1.3 × 1043 erg s−1. We localise the burst to a close galaxy pair at a redshift of zspec = 0.3472 ± 0.0002. Our time delay of ∼3.4 s between the FRB arrival time and the start of our optical exposure is the shortest ever for an as yet non-repeating FRB, and hence the closest to simultaneous optical follow-up that exists for such an FRB.
Angry Politics: Populism and the Erosion of Political Support during Hard Times
Authors: Auer Daniel , Freitag Markus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We argue that threat-induced anger is not a universal driver of populist attitudes and waning political support. Instead, we hypothesize that anger erodes democracy-relevant political attitudes only when a threat affects citizens’ norms and only when blame for said threat is attributed to the domestic political system. We corroborate our hypotheses using data from a unique survey experiment conducted in Germany in 2022, in which we vary the level of responsibility attribution and threat noxiousness by exposing respondents to different threats that were salient during the field phase. The results indicate that citizens differentiate whom they hold accountable, such that it is not necessarily the quality of the threat but the quality of the political response to the threat that determines the future of democracy.
Identifying public transit deserts: A travel demand-independent persistent homology-based method
Authors: Carmody Daniel , Zhu Ophelia , He Zhengbing , Santi Paolo , Ratti Carlo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To identify time-space locations where public transit infrastructure fails to provide a reliable and timely alternative to private vehicles, this paper proposes a new travel demand-independent persistent homology-based method to locate and rank the severity of modal travel desert. Persistent homology, which is a tool from algebraic topology, is incorporated and the severity of a transit desert is measured as a trade-off between its proximity to existing transit infrastructure and the travel time required to travel through it. The proposed method highlights entire regions of cities that are bereft of suitable public transit, providing reasonable estimates even in the absence of travel demand data. This paper presents the techniques and software tools used to study the Stockholm public transit network. The proposed method is potentially useful for city planners to consider the trade-off between how severe a bottleneck is and how difficult the bottleneck is to fix.
Morphometric analysis of foot arches and determining their effect on speed and dynamic stability among 18- to 24-year-old women
Authors: Alla Deekshitha , Mugada Hema Radhika , Muneesh Seepana , Alla Sai Santhosha Mrudula , Anjali Ramba Govardhana , Shah Dhruv Jayeshkumar , Das Arghadip , Marepalli Nitheesha Reddy , Rathod Urvashi , Bayeh Ruth Getaneh 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To evaluate the incidence of flat feet among young individuals and understand the advantages of subjects with high-arched feet in athletic performance and balance compared to subjects with low and neutral-arched feet.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 young females aged 18–25. Footprints of the subjects were taken, and the arch index was calculated using Staheli’s arch index and the Chippaux–Smirak index. Based on the value of the arch index, the subjects were divided into group A (low-arch), group B (normal-arch), and group C (high-arch). 40-yard dash test, vertical jump test, and star excursion balance test were conducted to assess the speed and balance of individuals.

Results:
The prevalence of low-arched feet, normal-arched feet, and high-arched feet was found to be 11%, 78%, and 12%, respectively. The mean weight of low-arched individuals was found to be greater than the other two groups (P < 0.001). On comparing the mean values of the three groups, scores were significantly improved in high-arched subjects in the three tests (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Thus, it can be concluded that high-arched individuals show improved speed and dynamic balance and individuals with increased body weight are more prone to flat feet.
Elective Versus Corrective Cochlear Implant Revision Surgery of Legacy Internal Devices
Authors: O’Rourke Samuel P. , Dillon Margaret T. , Scharf Samantha P. , Overton Andrea B. , Dedmon Matthew M. 
Published: February 2025

Objective
To assess the time course of speech recognition restoration for recipients of legacy devices who underwent cochlear implant revision (CIR) surgery in the presence or absence of device failure.

Study Design
Retrospective review.

Setting
Tertiary academic referral center.

Patients
Forty-four adult recipients of a first- or second-generation internal device who underwent CIR surgery.

Interventions
Cases were categorized by whether the CIR surgery was elective (n = 18) or corrective due to a hard (n = 7) or soft (n = 19) failure.

Main Outcome Measures
Aided consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC) word recognition scores were queried for the following visits: best performance pre-CIR and 3, 6, and 12 months post-CIR. A linear mixed effects model evaluated the main effects of visit, CIR category, and age at CIR surgery, and the interaction of interval and revision category on CNC scores.

Results
Limited surgical challenges were reported (n = 4), which included one case of incomplete insertion of the new device. Post-CIR CNC scores were similar to the best pre-CIR scores by 6 months post-CIR (p = 0.055). There was a significant effect of age (p = 0.006), with better performance observed for younger adults. The time course of speech recognition restoration post-CIR did not differ significantly for cases of corrective CIR due to hard or soft failures or elective CIR (F
(2,40) = 0.08, p = 0.923).

Conclusions
Legacy CI users who undergo corrective or elective CIR may experience a similar time course in restoration of speech recognition post-CIR. Legacy device recipients considering elective CIR to access technology upgrades should be counseled on the associated potential risks and benefits.
Antibiotics Use Practices in Otology Procedures: A Nationwide Survey Study
Authors: Marouf Azmi , Konda Samya , Warren De'Andre , Cabrera Claudia I. , Mowry Sarah , Rivas Alejandro , Semaan Maroun , Killeen Daniel E. 
Published: February 2025

Objective
To assess practice patterns regarding antibiotics prophylaxis in otologic surgery in the United States.

Study Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Tertiary care center.

Subjects
Members of American Neurotology Society (ANS).

Intervention
Nationwide survey.

Main Outcome Measures
Prevalence of antibiotic prescribing among surgeons performing the following six ear surgical procedures: cochlear implantation, tympanoplasty with a clean ear, tympanoplasty with active drainage, cholesteatoma surgery without evidence of infection, cholesteatoma surgery with evidence of infection, and stapedectomy.

Results
Seventy-three surgeons completed the survey (15.21% response rate). Twenty-seven percent had more than 25 years in experience, and 18% had 0 to 5 years of experience. Antibiotic prescribing practices varied by procedure: cochlear implantation (64.4%, median 5 d), tympanoplasty (clean ear: 23.3%, median 5 d; active drainage: 53.4%, median 7 d), cholesteatoma surgery (no infection: 30.1%, median 7 d; with infection: 58.9%, median 7 d), and stapedectomy (34.2%, mean 5 d). Cephalosporins were preferred for noninfected procedures, whereas amoxicillin dominated for active infections.

Conclusions
Prophylactic oral antibiotics varies for ear surgery, with higher usage for procedures with active infection and a preference for cephalosporins in noninfected cases. These findings underscore the need for the development and dissemination of standardized, evidence-based recommendations.
Loss of a morph is associated with asymmetric character release in a radiation of woodland salamanders
Authors: Waldron Brian P. , Hantak Maggie M. , Watts Emily F. , Uyeda Josef C. , Lemmon Alan R. , Lemmon Emily Moriarty , Guralnick Robert P. , Blackburn David C. , Kuchta Shawn R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractColor polymorphism, the occurrence of multiple discrete color morphs with co-adapted sets of traits within the same population, may provide the raw materials for rapid species formation. It has been hypothesized that fixation of a single morph can result in character release, whereby the monomorphic form evolves without the constraint of accommodating multiple adaptive peaks. However, the rates of evolution between populations fixed for different morphs likely depend on the specific adaptive zones occupied by each morph. We studied the evolution of dorsal color polymorphism (striped and unstriped morphs) in woodland salamanders (Plethodon), a North American radiation in which the polymorphism can be found in even the most distantly related species (∼44 Ma divergence). We estimated a phylogenomic tree ofPlethodon, representing all extant taxa with multiple samples for most species. Morphometric data suggest that between-species variation exists predominantly along an axis of relative body elongation, likely corresponding to a terrestrial–fossorial continuum. Polymorphic species occupy an intermediate phenotypic space between the evolutionary optima of striped and unstriped species, although polymorphic species did not have elevated speciation rates. Faster rates of body shape evolution were observed in unstriped species, suggesting that body elongation, which is co-adapted with the unstriped morph, is constrained by the polymorphism. Striped species had slower rates of evolution than polymorphic species, despite lacking the genetic constraints often associated with polymorphism. Our results demonstrate that rates of phenotypic evolution and speciation following character release can be asymmetric and idiosyncratic depending on the alternative adaptations of each morph.