bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract TP269: Lncrna-u90926 Aggravates Ischemic Brain Injury via Promoting Neutrophils Infiltration After Experimental Stroke
Authors: Chen Jian , Xu Yun 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are expressed at high levels in the brain in a variety of neuropathologic conditions, including stroke. However, the potential role of LncRNAs in ischemic stroke-associated microglial biological function and neurological injury remains largely unknown.

Methods:
Oxygen-glucose deprivation and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in C57BL/6 mice were used as in
vitro
and in
vivo
ischemic stroke models. Microarray analysis was performed to explore the overall expression level changes of LncRNAs. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect expression level of LncU90926 in brain, plasma and microglia. ShRNA-LncU90926 in lentivirus and microglia specific Adeno-associated virus (AAV) were used to knockdown LncU90926 in
vitro
and in
vivo
separately. Infarct volumes and neurological impairments were assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, Neurological Severity Scores (NSS), rotarod test and grip strength respectively. Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were performed to detect the number of neutrophils recruited to brain. RT-qPCR was used to detect the level of chemokines (CXCL, CCL2) and inflammatory mediators associated with neutrophils (MPO, MMP3 and TIMP1).

Results:
(1). LncU90926 was markedly up-regulated in the infarcted brain and plasma after MCAO. Both MCAO and OGD treatment induced remarkable up-regulation of LncU90926 in microglia.

(2). LncU90926 knockdown definitely attenuated brain infarct size and neurological deficits after ischemic stroke.
(3). LncU90926 knockdown in microglia reduced the number of neutrophils recruited to brain, and CXCL1 and CCL2 were down-regulated in both MCAO and OGD models. LncU90926 knockdown also induced reduction of MPO, MMP3 and TIMP1 in the infarcted brain.

Conclusions:
LncU90926 was up-regulated in microglia after experimental stroke, and aggravates ischemic brain injury through facilitating neutrophils infiltration via up-regulating microglial chemokine.
Some methodological issues in reading oracle-bone inscriptions
Authors: Takashima Ken-ichi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses hermeneutics arising from a fastidious reading of Adam C. Schwartz (2019) which is an English translation with commentary of the Oracle-Bone Inscriptions from Yinxu Huayuanzhuang Locus East, one of the most contextually cohesive, and archeologically well-documented, collection of OBI (acronym of “oracle-bone inscriptions”) unearthed to date. The paper underscores the importance of methodology of reading OBI. It will be seen that Schwartz’s book suffers from the lack of disciplined application of any particular persuasion. It is, in this sense, disappointing, though there is much else in the book that offers original ideas. As for the English translations Schwartz provides for each and every inscription of the collection, many are questionable (even unreliable), a few incomprehensible, and this is due mainly to failure of procuring a relevant bibliography and acquiring technical (linguistic) finesse to grasp and assess some important issues in the literature written in English.
Maxillofacial Horse Trauma: A 10-Year Retrospective Study at a UK Major Trauma Center
Authors: Sritharan Rajeevan , Blore Christopher David , Gahir Daya Singh 
Published: June 2021

Introduction/Objecive: There are very few studies that have investigated equestrian-related maxillofacial injuries. A retrospective review was performed to investigate maxillofacial horse trauma at a Level 1 Trauma Centre at the Royal Stoke Hospital over the last 10 years between 2010 and 2020. Study Design/Methods: Search of the hospital’s major trauma database as well as ED records showed 51 patients who sustained maxillofacial injuries related to horses. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi Squared tests. Results: 41 patients were female and the remaining 10 were male. 43% of patients were female and aged 30 and under. Kicks from horses accounted for 64.4% of equine-related maxillofacial injuries. A total of 90 injuries were recorded. Hard tissue injuries which include all fractures accounted for 66.3% of injuries sustained. 70.5% patients sustained isolated maxillofacial trauma. There was an association between patients sustaining non-isolated maxillofacial trauma and hard tissue maxillofacial injuries ( P = 0.04). 65.6% of injuries were managed operatively. Patients aged 30 and under were more likely to be managed operatively ( P = 0.03). Conclusion: Equestrian related maxillofacial trauma represents a proportion of trauma workload. The safety aspect of horse riding should be considered and education in safe riding and the use of appropriate safety equipment is vital.
Measures to reduce red cell use in patients with sickle cell disease requiring red cell exchange during a blood shortage
Authors: Uter Stacey , An Hyun Hyung , Linder Grace E. , Kadauke Stephan , Sesok-Pizzini Deborah , Kim Haewon C. , Friedman David F. , Chou Stella T. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created major disruptions in health care delivery, including a severe blood shortage. The inventory of Rh and K antigen–negative red cell units recommended for patients with hemoglobinopathies became alarmingly low and continues to be strained. Because patients with sickle cell disease requiring chronic red cell exchange (RCE) incur a large demand for red cell units, we hypothesized that implementation of 2 measures could reduce blood use. First, obtaining the pretransfusion hemoglobin S (HbS) results by procedure start time would facilitate calculation of exact red cell volume needed to achieve the desired post-RCE HbS. Second, as a short-term conservation method, we identified patients for whom increasing the targeted end procedure hematocrit up to 5 percentage points higher than the pretransfusion level (no higher than 36%) was not medically contraindicated. The goal was to enhance suppression of endogenous erythropoiesis and thereby reduce the red cell unit number needed to maintain the same target HbS%. These 2 measures resulted in an 18% reduction of red cell units transfused to 50 patients undergoing chronic RCE during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite reduction of blood use, pretransfusion HbS% target goals were maintained and net iron accumulation was low. Both strategies can help alleviate a shortage of Rh and K antigen–negative red cells, and, more generally, transfusing red cell units based on precise red cell volume required can optimize patient care and judicious use of blood resources.
Reflections on the genetics-first approach to advancements in molecular genetic and neurobiological research on neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Arnett Anne B. , Wang Tianyun , Eichler Evan E. , Bernier Raphael A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundNeurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID), are common diagnoses with highly heterogeneous phenotypes and etiology. The genetics-first approach to research on NDDs has led to the identification of hundreds of genes conferring risk for ASD, ID, and related symptoms.Main bodyAlthough relatively few individuals with NDDs share likely gene-disruptive (LGD) mutations in the same gene, characterization of overlapping functions, protein networks, and temporospatial expression patterns among these genes has led to increased understanding of the neurobiological etiology of NDDs. This shift in focus away from single genes and toward broader gene–brain–behavior pathways has been accelerated by the development of publicly available transcriptomic databases, cell type-specific research methods, and sequencing of non-coding genomic regions.ConclusionsThe genetics-first approach to research on NDDs has advanced the identification of critical protein function pathways and temporospatial expression patterns, expanding the impact of this research beyond individuals with single-gene mutations to the broader population of patients with NDDs.
Family interaction among young Chinese breast cancer survivors
Authors: Xu Jiehui , Wang Xiyi , Chen Mengjie , Shi Yiwen , Hu Yun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Family interaction is an important factor contributing to the quality of survivorship among breast cancer survivors. The dearth of studies involving young females with breast cancer has limited the understanding of family interaction in this increasingly large population.

Methods
The aim of this study was to explore family interaction patterns among young Chinese breast cancer survivors. We conducted in-depth interviews with seventeen young breast cancer survivors (YBCSs) in China between May 2019 and December 2019. A content analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of family interaction in this population. Conceptualizations of feminism and social support were used to guide the data analysis.

Results
Family interaction patterns were categorized into 5 domains from the perceptions of Chinese YBCSs: (1) adjustment of parenthood (changes in child-rearing approaches, perception of children’s care) (2) ambivalence towards intimacy (desire for intimate relationships, perceived relationship insecurity); (3) concerns regarding fertility; (4) return to work (coping with gratitude and guilt by working, readapting to family and society by working); (5) activation of the support system in a large family (instrumental support from core family members, instrumental, informational, and appraisal support from relatives).

Conclusions
The study provides a deeper understanding of the interactions between young breast cancer survivors and their family members in China. These findings can support health professionals in developing female-sensitive, culturally specific interventions to assist Chinese YBCSs and their families in increasing positive interactions and family resilience as well as quality of life. In addition, the findings are highly applicable to other female cancer survivors and their vulnerable families exposed to similar social and cultural contexts.
Genetic association of TOLLIP gene polymorphisms and HIV infection: a case-control study
Authors: Wang Ming-Gui , Wang Jing , He Jian-Qing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have indicated that host genetic factors play an essential role in immunity to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We aimed to investigate the association between the toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) and mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) genes and HIV infection susceptibility among Chinese Han patients.

Methods
This is a case-control study. A total of 435 HIV-infected patients and 1013 seronegative healthy individuals were recruited. DNA was extracted from whole blood. Two SNPs in the MBL2 gene (rs7096206 and rs1800450) and three SNPs in the TOLLIP gene (rs5743899, rs3750920, and rs5743867) were selected and genotyped using a SNPscan Kit (Cat#: G0104, Genesky Biotechnologies Inc., Shanghai, China). Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using unconditional binary logistic regression.

Results
A significant association between the minor alleles rs5743899 (C allele) and rs5743867 (G allele) in the TOLLIP gene and susceptibility to HIV infection was found in this study after adjusting for age and sex (Pa = 0.011 and < 0.001, respectively). The rs5743867 in the TOLLIP gene was significantly associated with the risk of HIV infection in dominant, recessive, and additive models when adjusted for age and sex (Pa < 0.05). No significant association was found between MBL2 gene polymorphisms and HIV infection.

Conclusion
Our study found a statistically significant association between the two SNPs (rs5743867 and rs5743899) in the TOLLIP gene and susceptibility to HIV infection in a Chinese Han population.
Assessing research misconduct in Iran: a perspective from Iranian medical faculty members
Authors: Shamsoddin Erfan , Torkashvand-Khah Zahra , Sofi-Mahmudi Ahmad , Janani Leila , Kabiri Payam , Shamsi-Gooshki Ehsan , Mesgarpour Bita 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Research misconduct is a global concern in biomedical science. There are no comprehensive data regarding the perception and situation of scientific misconduct among the Iranian medical faculty members. We conducted a nationwide survey to assess the research misconduct among the medical faculty members in Iran.

Methods
We used the Persian version of the research misconduct questionnaire (PRMQ) on the Google Forms platform. We sent the survey link to a systematic random sample of medical faculty members in Iran (N = 4986). Descriptive analyses were performed on the individual items of the PRMQ, with frequencies and percentages for categorical and Likert-type response items, and means and standard deviation (S.D.) for continuous variables. Chi-square analysis was conducted to test hypotheses examining differences in the frequency of responses related to factors influencing misconduct. We also defined four tenure categories (TC) based on the working years of the participants as tenured faculty members. All the analyses were performed using R 3.6.0.

Results
The response rate was 13.8% (692 responses). Nearly 70% of the respondents agreed that their publication output would be of higher quality if there were no publication pressure. Approximately three-quarters (N =499, 72.1%) of the respondents had been aware of some instances of research misconduct during the previous year according to their understanding of misconduct. Among the participants, 18.5% perceived the effectiveness of their associated organisation’s rules for reducing research misconduct to be high or very high. Pressure for tenure was identified as the item most frequently perceived with a strong behavioural influence on engaging in research misconduct (80.2%).

Conclusions
This study confirms that research misconduct needs to be actively addressed among the medical faculty members. Making policies with a focus on boosting awareness regarding the occasions of scientific misconduct and its management seems to be indispensable in the future in Iran.
Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of repeated oral administration of 5-fluorocytosine in healthy dogs
Authors: Béguin Jérémy , Kohlhauer Matthias , Laloy Eve , Degorce Frédérique , Moreau Baptiste , Quéméneur Éric , Erbs Philippe , Klonjkowski Bernard , Maurey Christelle 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
5-fluorocytosine is a pyrimidine and a fluorinated cytosine analog mainly used as an antifungal agent. It is a precursor of 5-fluorouracil, which possesses anticancer properties. To reduce systemic toxicity of 5-fluorouracil during chemotherapy, 5- fluorocytosine can be used as a targeted anticancer agent. Expression of cytosine deaminase by a viral vector within a tumor allows targeted chemotherapy by converting 5-fluorocytosine into the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil. However, little is known about the tolerance of 5-fluorocytosine in dogs after prolonged administration.

Results
In three healthy Beagle dogs receiving 100 mg/kg of 5-fluorocytosine twice daily for 14 days by oral route, non-compartmental pharmacokinetics revealed a terminal elimination half-life of 164.5 ± 22.5 min at day 1 and of 179.2 ± 11.5 min, after 7 days of administration. Clearance was significantly decreased between day 1 and day 7 with 0.386 ± 0.031 and 0.322 ± 0.027 ml/min/kg, respectively. Maximal plasma concentration values were below 100 µg/ml, which is considered within the therapeutic margin for human patients. 5-fluorouracil plasma concentration was below the limit of detection at all time points. The main adverse events consisted of depigmented, ulcerated, exudative, and crusty cutaneous lesions 10 to 13 days after beginning 5-fluorocytosine administration. The lesions were localized to the nasal planum, the lips, the eyelids, and the scrotum. Histological analyses were consistent with a cutaneous lupoid drug reaction. Complete healing was observed 15 to 21 days after cessation of 5-fluorocytosine. No biochemical or hematological adverse events were noticed.

Conclusions
Long term administration of 5-fluorocytosine was associated with cutaneous toxicity in healthy dogs. It suggests that pharmacotherapy should be adjusted to reduce the toxicity of 5-fluorocytosine in targeted chemotherapy.
Zinc transporter SLC39A13/ZIP13 facilitates the metastasis of human ovarian cancer cells via activating Src/FAK signaling pathway
Authors: Cheng Xinxin , Wang Jie , Liu Chunling , Jiang Tianduo , Yang Ningzhi , Liu Dan , Zhao Huanhuan , Xu Zhelong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Zinc transporters have been found to be associated with the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases including cancer. As the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, ovarian cancer is characterized by rapid progression and widespread metastases. However, the function and underlying mechanism of zinc transporters in ovarian cancer metastasis remain unclear.

Methods
The relationship between zinc transporter gene expressions and clinical outcomes of ovarian cancer was assessed with the online database Kaplan-Meier plotter (http://kmplot.com/analysis/). Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the prognostic importance of ZIP13. The expression of ZIP13 in ovarian cancer cell lines was depleted to explore its effect on proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo assays. RNA-Seq, quantitative RT-PCR, and western blot analysis were performed to explore ZIP13-regulated downstream target genes.

Results
The expressions of several zinc transporters were highly associated the clinical outcomes of ovarian cancer patients. Among them, high ZIP13 expression was an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in patients with ovarian cancer. ZIP13 knockout suppressed the malignant phenotypes of ovarian cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation revealed that ZIP13 regulated intracellular zinc distribution and then affected the expressions of genes involved in extracellular matrix organization and cytokine-mediated signaling pathway. This led to the activation of Src/FAK pathway with increased expressions of pro-metastatic genes but decreased expressions of tumor suppressor genes.

Conclusions
ZIP13 is shown to be a novel driver of metastatic progression by modulating the Src/FAK signaling pathway, which may serve as a promising biomarker for prognostic evaluation and targeted therapy in ovarian cancer.
Fra Ovidio e Brunetto, nel fiume del tempo
Authors: Ciccuto Marcello 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article attempts to show how Dante Alighieri, in defining the image of humankind as inspired by values of innocence and harmony in an earthly paradise, draws a condition of defective beatitude just before a burst of even superior joy. So in the aim of outlining a beatitudo huius vitae still valid for a Christian Eden, the poet appeals to the text of Ovid’s Fasti through which in many occurrences he is building a harmonic image of human living that, in the shadow of forebears’ sin, only a future intervention of Grace will dispose for Dante’s words. Through exact allusive quotations, Dante opposes to the absolute time of Eden the idea of an imperfect time, tied to the pattern of an all-human knowledge, which Dante himself connected to the teaching and character of Brunetto Latini.
A Liar’s Epistemology
Authors: Zehner Brett 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis methodologically important essay aims to trace a genealogical account of Herbert Simon’s media philosophy and to contest the histories of artificial intelligence that overlook the organizational capacities of computational models. As Simon’s work demonstrates, humans’ subjection to large-scale organizations and divisions of labor is at the heart of artificial intelligence. As such, questions of procedures are key to understanding the power assumed by institutions wielding artificial intelligence. Most media-historical accounts of the development of contemporary artificial intelligence stem from the work of Warren S. McCulloch and Walter Pitts, especially the 1943 essay “A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity.” Yet Simon’s revenge is perhaps that reinforcement learning systems adopt his prescriptive approach to algorithmic procedures. Computer scientists criticized Simon for the performative nature of his artificially intelligent systems, mainly for his positivism, but he defended his positivism based on his belief that symbolic computation could stand in for any reality and in fact shape that reality. Simon was not looking to actually re-create human intelligence; he was using coercion, bad faith, and fraud as tactical weapons in the reordering of human decision-making. Artificial intelligence was the perfect medium for his explorations.
PEDAGOGICAL POTENTIAL OF MASS MEDIA IN THE EDUCATION OF EMPLOYEES OF THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Hramova Margarita 
Published: June 2021

The introduction actualizes the urgent need to use the pedagogical potential of the mass media in the education of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in continuing education with the use of hermeneutical and situational approaches.
The purpose of this article is to substantiate the need to organize the education of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation using the pedagogical potential of the mass media.
In the main part of the article, approaches to the definition of "pedagogical potential of the media" are considered. The works of Soviet-Russian and foreign teachers who investigated the phenomenon of "pedagogical potential of the media" and its influence on a person, including an employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, are studied.
The article considers the aspect of the information and propaganda work of the Department of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in the context of the organization of educational work on the development of the personality of a police officer using hermeneutical and situational approaches.
Global exponential periodicity and stability of neural network models with generalized piecewise constant delay
Authors: Chiu Kuo-Shou , Córdova-Lepe Fernando 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the global exponential stability and periodicity are investigated for delayed neural network models with continuous coefficients and piecewise constant delay of generalized type. The sufficient condition for the existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions of the model is established by applying Banach’s fixed point theorem and the successive approximations method. By constructing suitable differential inequalities with generalized piecewise constant delay, some sufficient conditions for the global exponential stability of the model are obtained. Typical numerical examples with simulations are utilized to illustrate the validity and improvement in less conservatism of the theoretical results. This paper ends with a brief conclusion.