bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing floodplains using nature‐based solutions to support multiple ecosystem functions and services
Authors: Jakubínský Jiří , Prokopová Marcela , Raška Pavel , Salvati Luca , Bezak Nejc , Cudlín Ondřej , Cudlín Pavel , Purkyt Jan , Vezza Paolo , Camporeale Carlo , Daněk Jan , Pástor Michal , Lepeška Tomáš 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFloodplains include unique environments shaped over a long time horizon along rivers and smaller streams and formed by alluvial sediments. As floodplains are flat, often with highly fertile and well‐accessible land, they have become the intrinsic focus of human society—while providing a variety of goods and ecosystem services. Intensive land use of floodplains is degrading their natural values and significantly reducing their ecosystem functions and services. A significant part of these key services is related with the ability of floodplains to retain water and nutrients, which can be understood as a flood control and a water‐retention function. Although these ecosystems serve a number of other basic functions, the importance of floodplains as a place for water retention during extreme discharges caused by intense rainfall or snowmelt and the supply of water in times of drought are essential under conditions of global change. In order to increase the ability of floodplains to perform these functions, it is increasingly required to preserve the connectivity of rivers with surrounding floodplains and adapt human activities to maintain and restore river ecosystems. This article reviews the recent understanding of floodplain delineation, the most common causes of disturbance, the ecosystem functions being performed, discussing in turn the measures being considered to mitigate the frequency and magnitude of hydrologic extremes resulting from ongoing environmental changes.This article is categorized under:
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Engineering Water > Planning Water
Distinct genetic clustering in the weakly differentiated polar cod, Boreogadus saida Lepechin, 1774 from East Siberian Sea to Svalbard
Authors: Quintela María , Bhat Shripathi , Præbel Kim , Gordeeva Natalia , Seljestad Gaute W. , Hanebrekke Tanja , Mateos-Rivera Alejandro , Vikebø Frode , Zelenina Daria , Cheng Chi-Hing Christina , Johansen Torild 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe cold-adapted polar cod Boreogadus saida, a key species in Arctic ecosystems, is vulnerable to global warming and ice retreat. In this study, 1257 individuals sampled in 17 locations within the latitudinal range of 75–81°N from Svalbard to East Siberian Sea were genotyped with a dedicated suite of 116 single-nucleotide polymorphic loci (SNP). The overall pattern of isolation by distance (IBD) found was driven by the two easternmost samples (East Siberian Sea and Laptev Sea), whereas no differentiation was registered in the area between the Kara Sea and Svalbard. Eleven SNP under strong linkage disequilibrium, nine of which could be annotated to chromosome 2 in Atlantic cod, defined two genetic groups of distinct size, with the major cluster containing seven-fold larger number of individuals than the minor. No underlying geographic basis was evident, as both clusters were detected throughout all sampling sites in relatively similar proportions (i.e. individuals in the minor cluster ranging between 4 and 19% on the location basis). Similarly, females and males were also evenly distributed between clusters and age groups. A differentiation was, however, found regarding size at age: individuals belonging to the major cluster were significantly longer in the second year. This study contributes to increasing the population genetic knowledge of this species and suggests that an appropriate management should be ensured to safeguard its diversity.
Neuroendoscopic surgery in neonates — indication and results over a 10-year practice
Authors: Schaumann Andreas , Bührer Christoph , Schulz Matthias , Thomale Ulrich-Wilhelm 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Neuroendoscopic procedures for treatment of term and preterm newborn infants, such as endoscopic lavage for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, are gaining popularity despite sparse data. This single-institution report compiles all neuroendoscopic surgical procedures performed in neonates during a 10-year period.

Methods
Charts and electronic records were reviewed of all consecutive newborns who underwent a neuroendoscopic procedure before reaching a postmenstrual age of 44 weeks between 09/2010 and 09/2020. Available documentation was reviewed regarding the performed neuroendoscopic procedure, course of disease, complications, and all re-operations throughout the first year of life.

Results
During the 10-year study period, 116 infants (median gestational age at birth: 29 1/7 weeks) underwent a total of 153 neuroendoscopic procedures (median postmenstrual age at surgery: 35 0/7 weeks). The most common indication at the time of the neuroendoscopic procedures (n = 153) was intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH, n = 119), intraventricular infection (n = 15), congenital malformation (n = 8), isolated 4th ventricle (n = 7), multiloculated hydrocephalus (n = 3), and tumor (n = 1). Thirty-eight of 116 children (32.8%) underwent 43 operative revisions after 153 neuroendoscopic procedure (28.1%). Observed complications requiring surgical revision were secondary infection (n = 11), CSF fistula (n = 9), shunt dysfunction (n = 8), failure of ETV (n = 6), among others. 72 children (62%) of 116 children required permanent CSF diversion via a shunt. The respective shunt rates per diagnosis were 47 of 80 (58.8%) for previously untreated IVH, 11 of 13 (84.6%) for intraventricular infection. Shunt survival rate for the first year of life was 74% for the whole cohort.

Conclusion
The experience with this large cohort of neonates demonstrates the feasibility of neuroendoscopic technique for the treatment of posthemorrhagic or postinfectious hydrocephalus. Rate and type of complications after neuroendoscopic procedures were within the expected range. Assessing the potential long-term benefits of neuroendoscopic techniques has to await results of ongoing studies.
Determining prognostic variables of treatment outcome in obsessive–compulsive disorder: effectiveness and its predictors in routine clinical care
Authors: Herzog Philipp , Osen Bernhard , Stierle Christian , Middendorf Thomas , Voderholzer Ulrich , Koch Stefan , Feldmann Matthias , Rief Winfried , Brakemeier Eva-Lotta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to investigate the naturalistic effectiveness of routine inpatient treatment for patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and to identify predictors of treatment outcome. A routinely collected data set of 1,596 OCD inpatients (M = 33.9 years, SD = 11.7; 60.4% female) having received evidence-based psychotherapy based on the cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) in five German psychotherapeutic clinics was analyzed. Effect sizes (Hedges' g) were calculated for several outcome variables to determine effectiveness. Predictor analyses were performed on a subsample (N = 514;M = 34.3 years, SD = 12.2; 60.3% female). For this purpose, the number of potential predictors was reduced using factor analysis, followed by multiple regression analysis to identify robust predictors. Effect sizes of various outcome variables could be classified as large (g = 1.34 of OCD–symptom change). Predictors of changes in OCD and depressive symptoms were symptom severity at admission and general psychopathological distress. In addition, patients with higher social support and more washing compulsions benefited more from treatment. Subgroup analyses showed a distinct predictor profile of changes in compulsions and obsessions. The results indicate that an evidence-based psychotherapy program for OCD can be effectively implemented in routine inpatient care. In addition to well-established predictors, social support, and washing compulsions in particular were identified as important positive predictors. Specific predictor profiles for changes in obsessions and compulsions are discussed.
A short review on emotion processing: a lateralized network of neuronal networks
Authors: Palomero-Gallagher Nicola , Amunts Katrin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEmotions are valenced mental responses and associated physiological reactions that occur spontaneously and automatically in response to internal or external stimuli, and can influence our behavior, and can themselves be modulated to a certain degree voluntarily or by external stimuli. They are subserved by large-scale integrated neuronal networks with epicenters in the amygdala and the hippocampus, and which overlap in the anterior cingulate cortex. Although emotion processing is accepted as being lateralized, the specific role of each hemisphere remains an issue of controversy, and two major hypotheses have been proposed. In the right-hemispheric dominance hypothesis, all emotions are thought to be processed in the right hemisphere, independent of their valence or of the emotional feeling being processed. In the valence lateralization hypothesis, the left is thought to be dominant for the processing of positively valenced stimuli, or of stimuli inducing approach behaviors, whereas negatively valenced stimuli, or stimuli inducing withdrawal behaviors, would be processed in the right hemisphere. More recent research points at the existence of multiple interrelated networks, each associated with the processing of a specific component of emotion generation, i.e., its generation, perception, and regulation. It has thus been proposed to move from hypotheses supporting an overall hemispheric specialization for emotion processing toward dynamic models incorporating multiple interrelated networks which do not necessarily share the same lateralization patterns.
CCL19 enhances CD8+ T-cell responses and accelerates HBV clearance
Authors: Yan Yan , Zhao Wei , Liu Wei , Li Yan , Wang Xu , Xun Jingna , Davgadorj Chantsalmaa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) is a leukocyte chemoattractant that plays a crucial role in cell trafficking and leukocyte activation. Dysfunctional CD8+ T cells play a crucial role in persistent HBV infection. However, whether HBV can be cleared by CCL19-activated immunity remains unclear.

Methods
We assessed the effects of CCL19 on the activation of PBMCs in patients with HBV infection. We also examined how CCL19 influences HBV clearance and modulates HBV-responsive T cells in a mouse model of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). In addition, C–C chemokine-receptor type 7 (CCR7) knockdown mice were used to elucidate the underlying mechanism of CCL19/CCR7 axis-induced immune activation.

Results
From in vitro experiments, we found that CCL19 enhanced the frequencies of Ag-responsive IFN-γ+ CD8+ T cells from patients by approximately twofold, while CCR7 knockdown (LV-shCCR7) and LY294002 partially suppressed IFN-γ secretion. In mice, CCL19 overexpression led to rapid clearance of intrahepatic HBV likely through increased intrahepatic CD8+ T-cell proportion, decreased frequency of PD-1+ CD8+ T cells in blood and compromised suppression of hepatic APCs, with lymphocytes producing a significantly high level of Ag-responsive TNF-α and IFN-γ from CD8+ T cells. In both CCL19 over expressing and CCR7 knockdown (AAV-shCCR7) CHB mice, the frequency of CD8+ T-cell activation-induced cell death (AICD) increased, and a high level of Ag-responsive TNF-α and low levels of CD8+ regulatory T (Treg) cells were observed.

Conclusions
Findings in this study provide insights into how CCL19/CCR7 axis modulates the host immune system, which may promote the development of immunotherapeutic strategies for HBV treatment by overcoming T-cell tolerance.
ANK3 related neurodevelopmental disorders: expanding the spectrum of heterozygous loss-of-function variants
Authors: Kloth Katja , Lozic Bernarda , Tagoe Julia , Hoffer Mariëtte J. V. , Van der Ven Amelie , Thiele Holger , Altmüller Janine , Kubisch Christian , Au Ping Yee Billie , Denecke Jonas , Bijlsma Emilia K. , Lessel Davor 
Published: July 2021

AbstractANK3 encodes multiple isoforms of ankyrin-G, resulting in variegated tissue expression and function, especially regarding its role in neuronal development. Based on the zygosity, location, and type, ANK3 variants result in different neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Autism spectrum disorder has been associated with heterozygous missense variants in ANK3, whereas a more severe neurodevelopmental phenotype is caused by isoform-dependent, autosomal-dominant, or autosomal-recessive loss-of-function variants. Here, we present four individuals affected by a variable neurodevelopmental phenotype harboring a heterozygous frameshift or nonsense variant affecting all ANK3 transcripts. Thus, we provide further evidence of an isoform-based phenotypic continuum underlying ANK3-associated pathologies and expand its phenotypic spectrum.
Can Pre-school Children Learn Programming and Coding Through Guided Play Activities? A Case Study in Computational Thinking
Authors: Critten Valerie , Hagon Hannah , Messer David 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGuided play activities were developed so that coding clubs could promote computational thinking skills in preschool children. The clubs involved fifteen children aged between 2 and 4 years, including a group of children with communication difficulties. The children took part in an action-research scoping study over three coding clubs involving six 45–60-min sessions. The activities were developed to teach computational skills and, ultimately, concepts of programming and coding. The findings suggested that the children began to develop many of the skills necessary for programming and coding as well as computational thinking skills such as collaboration, logical thinking and debugging algorithms. However, they found programming specific algorithms into Bee-Bots complicated and they needed support from adults to direct the robots along routes on simple maps. Overall, the guided play activities could be used in nurseries and preschool establishments to teach early computational thinking skills.
Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm: Progress in Cell Origin, Molecular Biology, Diagnostic Criteria and Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Cheng Wei , Yu Tian-tian , Tang Ai-ping , He Young Ken , Yu Li 
Published: July 2021

SummaryBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematological malignancy characterized by recurrent skin nodules, an aggressive clinical course with rapid involvement of hematological organs, and a poor prognosis with poor overall survival. BPDCN is derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and its pathogenesis is unclear. The tumor cells show aberrant expression of CD4, CD56, interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain (CD123), blood dendritic cell antigen 2 (BDCA 2/CD303), blood dendritic cell antigen 4 (BDCA4) and transcription factor (E protein) E2-2 (TCF4). The best treatment drugs are based on experience by adopting those used for either leukemia or lymphoma. Relapse with drug resistance generally occurs quickly. Stem cell transplantation after the first complete remission is recommended and tagraxofusp is the first targeted therapy. In this review, we summarize the differentiation of BPDCN from its cell origin, its connection with normal pDCs, clinical characteristics, genetic mutations and advances in treatment of BPDCN. This review provides insights into the mechanisms of and new therapeutic approaches for BPDCN.
Hydrogeophysical characterization of aquifers in Upper Denkyira East and West Districts, Ghana
Authors: Agyemang Victor Ofori 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHydrogeophysical assessment of aquifers in the Upper Denkyira East and West Districts of Ghana has been carried out for groundwater potential and protective capacity of the overburden rocks determination. The data for the study were obtained from the Regional office of Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA), Cape Coast. A total of thirty-seven VES probed using a Schlumberger array with maximum current electrode spacing (AB/2) of 100 m at each point using the Abeam Terameter was used. The data were interpreted using the partial curve matching and WINRESIST computer iteration program techniques. The thickness and resistivities of the various overburden layers, basement resistivity, reflection coefficient and longitudinal conductance were used for the assessment of the groundwater potential and the protective capability of the overburden layers. The study revealed three-to-six layers with an average of four (4) layers including laterite (0.34–3.57 m); clay (0.64–8.84 m); sandy-clay (0.67–27.09 m) and slightly-to-highly weathered bedrock which includes phyllites and granite (3.09–86.89 m) that show high level of heterogeneity of electrical resistivity of the geologic materials within the study area. The weathered layers serve as the aquiferous zones. About 21.6%, 62.2%, 2.7% and 13.5% showed high, medium, low and very low potential for groundwater, respectively, with higher groundwater potentials at the western and south-eastern corner of the study area underlain by the Birimian and Tarkwaian formations, respectively, indicating that the two formations have similar groundwater potentials in the study area. The lowest groundwater potential was observed at the point underlain by the granitic intrusion. The assessment of the protective capacity of the aquifer showed very good (5%), good (27%), moderate (19%), weak (22%) and poor (27%) indicating that the study area is overlain mostly by materials of different protective capacities. This study presents information on the aquifer protective capacity evaluation by using geophysical technique and it has revealed that the Birimian formation has a good aquifer protective capacity than the Tarkwaian formation and has also confirmed the effectiveness of using geophysical techniques in ground investigation.
Exact and heuristic procedures for the Heijunka-flow shop scheduling problem with minimum makespan and job replicas
Authors: Bautista-Valhondo Joaquín 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a new problem of job sequences in a workshop is presented, taking into account non-unit demands for the jobs and whose objective is to minimize the total completion time for all the jobs ($${C}_{max}$$

C

max

) satisfying a set of restrictions imposed on the problem to preserve the production mix. Two procedures are proposed to solve the new problem: Mixed Integer Linear Programming and a Metaheuristic based on Multistart and Local Search. The two proposed procedures are tested using instance set Nissan-9Eng.I, in both cases giving rise to highly satisfactory performance both in quality of solutions obtained and in the CPU times required. Through a case study of the Nissan engine manufacturing plant in Barcelona, our economic-productive analysis reveals that it is possible to save an average of € 1162.83 per day, manufacturing 270 engines, when we transform the current assembly line into a Heijunka-Flow Shop.
Symptom burden in community-dwelling older people: temporal trends in the Helsinki Aging Study
Authors: Lehti T. E. , Öhman H. , Knuutila M. , Kautiainen H. , Karppinen H. , Tilvis R. , Strandberg T. , Pitkälä K. H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundChanges in older people’s symptoms across recent decades have not been investigated.AimsWe analyzed temporal trends in symptom burden by comparing data from independent, cross-sectional cohorts retrieved in 1989, 1999, 2009, and 2019. Furthermore, we compared the association between symptom burden and psychological wellbeing (PWB) in older men and women.MethodsThe Helsinki Aging Study recruited a random sample of people aged 75, 80, and 85 in 1989, and random samples aged 75, 80, 85, 90, and 95 in 1999, 2009, and 2019 (four study waves). Altogether, 6263 community-dwelling people answered the questions concerning symptoms in the questionnaire surveys. The symptoms inquired in all study waves were dizziness, back pain, joint pain, chest pain, shortness of breath, and loss of appetite. Symptom burden was calculated according to the number of symptoms and their frequency (score range: 0–6). PWB and the Charlson comorbidity index were calculated.ResultsSymptom burden decreased in both men and women aged 75 and 80 from 1989 to 2019. Changes in cohorts aged 85 + were nonsignificant. There was a significant difference in symptom burden between men and women in all ages with men having fewer symptoms. PWB decreased with increasing symptom burden. Men had greater PWB than women up to severe levels of symptom burden.ConclusionsSymptom burden decreased from 1989 to 2019 in cohorts aged 75–80, whereas changes remained nonsignificant in cohorts aged 85 +. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine temporal trends in symptom burden.
Students’ Understanding of the Economic Interpretation of the Derivative in the Context of Marginal Cost
Authors: Feudel Frank , Biehler Rolf 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMany disciplines make use of mathematical concepts. However, there are often discrepancies between the way mathematical concepts are understood and taught in mathematics and the way they are used in other disciplines. The literature suggests that such discrepancies might make it hard for students in mathematics service courses to make a connection between the mathematical concepts taught and the way they are used in the students’ major disciplines. We investigated this hypothesis for one specific example in mathematics for economics students – the derivative and its interpretation commonly used in economics as the amount of change when increasing the production by one unit. We conducted an interview study investigating to what extent economics students can make a connection between the mathematical concept of the derivative and this common economic interpretation of the derivative. This study provides empirical evidence that it is actually difficult for economics students to make this connection, even though it was covered in their calculus course. In particular, the study reveals difficulties students have when trying to make this connection, which could be addressed in teaching.