bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOMA resource allocation method in IoV based on prioritized DQN-DDPG network
Authors: He Mengli , Li Yue , Wang Xiaofei , Liu Zelong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo meet the demands of massive connections in the Internet-of-vehicle communications, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is utilized in the local wireless networks. In NOMA technique, various optimization methods have been proposed to provide optimal resource allocation, but they are limited by computational complexity. Recently, the deep reinforcement learning network is utilized for resource optimization in NOMA system, where a uniform sampled experience replay algorithm is used to reduce the correlation between samples. However, the uniform sampling ignores the importance of sample. To this point, this paper proposes a joint prioritized DQN user grouping and DDPG power allocation algorithm to maximize the system sum rate. At the user grouping stage, a prioritized sampling method based on TD-error (temporal-difference error) is proposed. At the power allocation stage, to deal with the problem that DQN cannot process continuous tasks and needs to quantify power into discrete form, a DDPG network is utilized. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm with prioritized sampling can increase the learning rate and perform a more stable training process. Compared with the previous DQN algorithm, the proposed method improves the sum rate of the system by 2% and reaches 94% and 93% of the exhaustive search algorithm and optimal iterative power optimization algorithm, respectively. Although the sum rate is improved by only 2%, the computational complexity is reduced by 43% and 64% compared to the exhaustive search algorithm and the optimal iterative power optimization algorithm, respectively.
Bergman spaces with exponential type weights
Authors: Arroussi Hicham 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFor $1\le p<\infty $
1
≤
p
<
∞
, let $A^{p}_{\omega }$

A
ω
p

be the weighted Bergman space associated with an exponential type weight ω satisfying
$$ \int _{{\mathbb{D}}} \bigl\vert K_{z}(\xi ) \bigr\vert \omega (\xi )^{1/2} \,dA(\xi ) \le C \omega (z)^{-1/2}, \quad z\in {\mathbb{D}}, $$

∫
D

|

K
z

(
ξ
)
|
ω

(
ξ
)

1
/
2

d
A
(
ξ
)
≤
C
ω

(
z
)

−
1
/
2

,

z
∈
D
,
where $K_{z}$

K
z

is the reproducing kernel of $A^{2}_{\omega }$

A
ω
2

. This condition allows us to obtain some interesting reproducing kernel estimates and more estimates on the solutions of the ∂̅-equation (Theorem 2.5) for more general weight $\omega _{*}$

ω
∗

. As an application, we prove the boundedness of the Bergman projection on $L^{p}_{\omega }$

L
ω
p

, identify the dual space of $A^{p}_{\omega }$

A
ω
p

, and establish an atomic decomposition for it. Further, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness and compactness of some operators acting from $A^{p}_{\omega }$

A
ω
p

into $A^{q}_{\omega }$

A
ω
q

, $1\le p,q<\infty $
1
≤
p
,
q
<
∞
, such as Toeplitz and (big) Hankel operators.
Existence of groundstates for Choquard type equations with Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev critical exponent
Authors: Li Xiaowei , Wang Feizhi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a class of Choquard equations with Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev lower or upper critical exponent in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^{N}$

R
N

. We combine an argument of L. Jeanjean and H. Tanaka (see (Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 131:2399–2408, 2003) with a concentration–compactness argument, and then we obtain the existence of ground state solutions, which extends and complements the earlier results.
What evidence exists on the effects of competition on trees’ responses to climate change? A systematic map protocol
Authors: Magalhães Juliana G. de S. , Amoroso Mariano M. , Larson Bruce C. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Projections of climate change impacts upon forests are likely inaccurate if based on the premise that only climate controls tree growth. Species interactions control growth, but most research has ignored these effects on how trees respond to climate change. Climate change is inducing natural species selection. However, this selection does not occur at the community level. Species selection starts with competition amongst individual trees. Competition is an individual-to-individual antagonistic interaction that, if severe, can constrain the presence of trees within a particular environment. Thus, climate change impacts individual tree selection within forests. Projecting climate change impacts on forests should account for the effects of climate on tree growth and the effects of competition. The inclusion of competition can increase the predictive power of simulations.

Methods
We propose a protocol to systematically map the available literature on climate change impacts on forests and produce a comprehensive list of methods applied to measure competition and model the competition effects on tree growth responses to climate change. This systematic map is not limited to any country or continent or specific tree species or forest type. The scope of the search focuses on time (when the evidence was published), location (geographic location of the evidence) and research design (competition indices and modelling methods). We will evaluate articles at three levels: title, abstract and full text. We will conduct a full-text assessment on all articles that pass a screening at the title and abstract stages. We will report the extracted evidence in a narrative synthesis to summarize the evidence’s trends and report knowledge gaps.
Estimating ecotoxicological effects of chemicals on tropical reef-building corals; a systematic review protocol
Authors: Ouédraogo Dakis-Yaoba , Perceval Olivier , Ferrier-Pagès Christine , Domart-Coulon Isabelle , Hédouin Laetitia , Burga Karen , Guillaume Mireille M. M. , Calvayrac Christophe , Castelin Magalie , Reyjol Yorick , Sordello Romain 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundTropical coral reefs cover only ca. 0.1% of the Earth’s surface but host an outstanding biodiversity and provide important ecosystem services to millions of people living nearby. They are currently threatened by global (e.g., climate change) and local (e.g., chemical pollution) stressors that interact in different ways. While global stressors cannot be mitigated by local actions alone, local stressors can be reduced through ecosystem management. A systematic map on the impacts of chemicals arising from anthropogenic activities on tropical reef-building corals, which are the main engineer species of reef ecosystems, was published in 2021. This systematic map gathered an abundant literature (908 articles corresponding to 7937 studies), and identified four well-represented subtopics, amenable to relevant full syntheses. Here, we focused on one of the four subtopics: we aimed to systematically review the evidence on the ecotoxicological effects of chemicals on tropical reef-building corals.MethodsThe evidence will be identified from the recent systematic map on the impacts of chemicals arising from anthropogenic activities on tropical reef-building corals. Especially, all studies in the map database corresponding to the knowledge cluster “evidence on the ecotoxicological effects of chemicals on corals” will be selected. To identify the evidence produced since then, a search update will be performed using a subset of the search string used for the systematic map, and titles, abstracts and full-texts will be screened according to the criteria defining the selected cluster of the map. In addition, as the eligibility criteria for the systematic review are narrower than those used to define the cluster in the systematic map, additional screening will be carried out. The included studies will then be critically appraised and a low, medium, or high risk of bias will be assigned to each study. Data will be extracted from studies and synthesised according to a strategy depending on the type of exposure and outcome. Synthesis will be mainly quantitative but also narrative, aiming to identify toxicity thresholds of chemicals for corals.
A fresh look at the role of spiramycin in preventing a neglected disease: meta-analyses of observational studies
Authors: Montoya Jose G. , Laessig Katherine , Fazeli Mir Sohail , Siliman Gaye , Yoon Sophie S. , Drake-Shanahan Elizabeth , Zhu Chengyue , Akbary Akbar , McLeod Rima 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to investigate the effect of antepartum treatment with spiramycin with or without subsequent pyrimethamine–sulfonamide–folinic acid, compared to no treatment, on the rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and incidence/severity of sequelae in the offspring.

Methods
Embase and PubMed were searched for literature on spiramycin in pregnant women suspected/diagnosed with T. gondii infection. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects model.

Results
Thirty-three studies (32 cohorts and 1 cross-sectional study), with a total of 15,406 mothers and 15,250 offspring, were pooled for analyses. The MTCT rate for all treated patients was significantly lower than the untreated [19.5% (95% CI 14–25.5%) versus 50.7% (95% CI 31.2–70%), p < 0.001]. The transmission rate in patients on spiramycin monotherapy was also significantly lower than untreated [17.6% (95% CI 9.9–26.8%) versus 50.7% (95% CI 31.2–70%), p < 0.001].

Conclusion
Results indicate significant reduction in MTCT rates following spiramycin treatment of suspected/diagnosed maternal T. gondii infection.
Update on pathogenesis and diagnosis flow of normoalbuminuric diabetes with renal insufficiency
Authors: Deng Le , Li Wenjie , Xu Gaosi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn recent decades, the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease has remained stable and appears to be a wide heterogeneity. Normoalbuminuric diabetes with renal insufficiency, which is characterized by a decline in the glomerular filtration rate in the absence of albuminuria, has been identified as an albuminuria-independent phenotype of diabetic kidney disease. Epidemiological data demonstrate that normoalbuminuric phenotype is prevalent. Compared to albuminuric phenotype, normoalbuminuric phenotype has distinct clinical characteristics and a wide heterogeneity of pathological features. Currently, the pathogenesis of normoalbuminuric phenotype remains unclear. Additionally, the flow of diagnosing normoalbuminuric phenotype is not perfect. In this article, we review the latest studies addressing the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and pathology of normoalbuminuric phenotype. Based on the studies of clinical features and renal histopathologic changes, we attempt to propose an underlying pathogenesis model and a flow chart for diagnosing normoalbuminuric phenotype.
Findings from a web content analysis of resources targeting sporting coaches aimed at educating or upskilling on eating disorders and disordered eating in athletes
Authors: Haslam Rebecca L. , Clarke Erin D. , Gray Scarlett , Gearon Rachel , Pursey Kirrilly 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Eating disorders (ED) and disordered eating (DE) are highly prevalent in athletes. Coaches can play a role in the prevention of EDs and DE behaviours and are well placed to support athletes with an ED. However, coaches feel under-qualified and lack time and resources for supporting athletes and it is unclear the quality of training and resources available to upskill coaches in this space. Therefore, a web-based content analysis was undertaken to determine the type and source of online education resources currently available to coaches to help identify, prevent, manage and refer on for ED/DE behaviours.

Methods
Three major search engines were searched using a combination of the following terms: (1) DE or ED resource and (2) coaches or sport. Included websites were specific for DE/EDs in athletes; targeted at coaches or sporting organisations; written in the English language; and published by a reputable site.

Results
Twenty four out of 600 websites met inclusion criteria. The main reasons for exclusion were irreputable sites and websites not targeting coaches. The majority of included webpages were from professional bodies (n = 17) and targeted coaches (n = 24) and sporting organisations (n = 15), with an average quality rating of 4.2 out of 6. All websites provided educational resources but none provided official training. The most common topics discussed on these websites was ED/DE signs and symptoms (n = 17), and the effects of ED/DE on performance, mental and physical health (n = 11).

Conclusion
Few reputable online resources were identified in the current review. There is a need for more comprehensive education and training resources aimed at coaches and athletic organisations to help prevent, identify, manage and refer on for ED/DE behaviours.
Patho-mechanisms of the origins of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Sahni Mitali , Bhandari Vineet 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to be one of the most common complications of prematurity, despite significant advancement in neonatology over the last couple of decades. The new BPD is characterized histopathologically by impaired lung alveolarization and dysregulated vascularization. With the increased survival of extremely preterm infants, the risk for the development of BPD remains high, emphasizing the continued need to understand the patho-mechanisms that play a role in the development of this disease. This brief review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the maldevelopment of the premature lung, highlighting recent research in pathways of oxidative stress-related lung injury, the role of placental insufficiency, growth factor signaling, the extracellular matrix, and microRNAs.
Dispersal distance is driven by habitat availability and reproductive success in Northern Great Plains piping plovers
Authors: Swift Rose J. , Anteau Michael J. , Ellis Kristen S. , Ring Megan M. , Sherfy Mark H. , Toy Dustin L. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Dispersal is a critical life history strategy that has important conservation implications, particularly for at-risk species with active recovery efforts and migratory species. Both natal and breeding dispersal are driven by numerous selection pressures, including conspecific competition, individual characteristics, reproductive success, and spatiotemporal variation in habitat. Most studies focus on dispersal probabilities, but the distance traveled can affect survival, fitness, and even metapopulation dynamics.

Methods
We examined sources of variation in dispersal distances with 275 natal dispersal and 1335 interannual breeding events for piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) breeding in the Northern Great Plains between 2014 and 2019.

Results
Natal dispersal was on average longer (mean: 81.0 km, median: 53 km) than adult breeding movements (mean: 23.7 km, median: 1 km). Individuals moved the shortest distances when hatched, previously nested, or settling on river habitats. When more habitat was available on their natal area than in the year prior, hatch-year birds moved shorter distances to their first breeding location. Similarly, adults also moved shorter distances when more habitat was available at the settling site and when in closer proximity to other known nesting areas. Additionally, adult movement distance was shorter when successfully hatching a nest the year prior, retaining a mate, or initiating a current nest earlier.

Conclusion
Habitat availability appears to be associated with dispersal distance for both hatch-year and adult piping plovers. Conservation efforts that integrate dispersal distances may benefit from maintaining nesting habitat within close proximity to other areas for adults and a network of clustered sites spread out across a larger landscape for natal dispersal.
Migration distance affects how closely Eurasian wigeons follow spring phenology during migration
Authors: van Toor Mariëlle L. , Kharitonov Sergey , Švažas Saulius , Dagys Mindaugas , Kleyheeg Erik , Müskens Gerard , Ottosson Ulf , Žydelis Ramunas , Waldenström Jonas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The timing of migration for herbivorous migratory birds is thought to coincide with spring phenology as emerging vegetation supplies them with the resources to fuel migration, and, in species with a capital breeding strategy also provides individuals with energy for use on the breeding grounds. Individuals with very long migration distances might however have to trade off between utilising optimal conditions en route and reaching the breeding grounds early, potentially leading to them overtaking spring on the way. Here, we investigate whether migration distance affects how closely individually tracked Eurasian wigeons follow spring phenology during spring migration.

Methods
We captured wigeons in the Netherlands and Lithuania and tracked them throughout spring migration to identify staging sites and timing of arrival. Using temperature-derived indicators of spring phenology, we investigated how maximum longitude reached and migration distance affected how closely wigeons followed spring. We further estimated the impact of tagging on wigeon migration by comparing spring migratory timing between tracked individuals and ring recovery data sets.

Results
Wigeons migrated to locations between 300 and 4000 km from the capture site, and migrated up to 1000 km in a single day. We found that wigeons migrating to more north-easterly locations followed spring phenology more closely, and increasingly so the greater distance they had covered during migration. Yet we also found that despite tags equalling only around 2% of individual’s body mass, individuals were on average 11–12 days slower than ring-marked individuals from the same general population.

Discussion
Overall, our results suggest that migratory strategy can vary dependent on migration distance within species, and even within the same migratory corridor. Individual decisions thus depend not only on environmental cues, but potentially also trade-offs made during later life-history stages.
Clinically aggressive pediatric spinal ependymoma with novel MYC amplification demonstrates molecular and histopathologic similarity to newly described MYCN-amplified spinal ependymomas
Authors: Shatara Margaret , Schieffer Kathleen M. , Klawinski Darren , Thomas Diana L. , Pierson Christopher R. , Sribnick Eric A. , Jones Jeremy , Rodriguez Diana P. , Deeg Carol , Hamelberg Elizabeth , LaHaye Stephanie , Miller Katherine E. , Fitch James , Kelly Benjamin , Leraas Kristen , Pfau Ruthann , White Peter , Magrini Vincent , Wilson Richard K. , Mardis Elaine R. , Abdelbaki Mohamed S. , Finlay Jonathan L. , Boué Daniel R. , Cottrell Catherine E. , Ghasemi David R. , Pajtler Kristian W. , Osorio Diana S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPrimary spinal cord tumors contribute to ≤ 10% of central nervous system tumors in individuals of pediatric or adolescent age. Among intramedullary tumors, spinal ependymomas make up ~ 30% of this rare tumor population. A twelve-year-old male presented with an intradural, extramedullary mass occupying the dorsal spinal canal from C6 through T2. Gross total resection and histopathology revealed a World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 ependymoma. He recurred eleven months later with extension from C2 through T1-T2. Subtotal resection was achieved followed by focal proton beam irradiation and chemotherapy. Histopathology was consistent with WHO grade 3 ependymoma. Molecular profiling of the primary and recurrent tumors revealed a novel amplification of the MYC (8q24) gene, which was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization studies. Although MYC amplification in spinal ependymoma is exceedingly rare, a newly described classification of spinal ependymoma harboring MYCN (2p24) amplification (SP-MYCN) has been defined by DNA methylation-array based profiling. These individuals typically present with a malignant progression and dismal outcomes, contrary to the universally excellent survival outcomes seen in other spinal ependymomas. DNA methylation array-based classification confidently classified this tumor as SP-MYCN ependymoma. Notably, among the cohort of 52 tumors comprising the SP-MYCN methylation class, none harbor MYC amplification, highlighting the rarity of this genomic amplification in spinal ependymoma. A literature review comparing our individual to reported SP-MYCN tumors (n = 26) revealed similarities in clinical, histopathologic, and molecular features. Thus, we provide evidence from a single case to support the inclusion of MYC amplified spinal ependymoma within the molecular subgroup of SP-MYCN.
Environmental and anthropogenic gravity contributions at the Þeistareykir geothermal field, North Iceland
Authors: Forster Florian , Güntner Andreas , Jousset Philippe , Reich Marvin , Männel Benjamin , Hinderer Jacques , Erbas Kemal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractContinuous high-resolution gravimetry is increasingly used to monitor mass distribution changes in volcanic, hydrothermal or other complex geosystems. To quantify the often small target signals, gravity contributions from, e.g. atmospheric mass changes, global and local hydrology should be accounted for. We set up three iGrav superconducting gravity meters for continuous monitoring of the Þeistareykir geothermal field in North Island. Additionally, we installed a set of hydrometeorological sensors at each station for continuous observation of local pressure changes, soil moisture, snow and vertical surface displacement. We show that the contribution of these environmental parameters to the gravity signal does not exceed 10 µGal (1 µGal = 10–8 m s−2), mainly resulting from vertical displacement and snow accumulation. The seasonal gravity contributions (global atmosphere, local and global hydrology) are in the order of ± 2 µGal at each station. Using the environmental observations together with standard gravity corrections for instrumental drift and tidal effects, we comprehensively reduced the iGrav time-series. The gravity residuals were compared to groundwater level changes and geothermal mass flow rates (extraction and injection) of the Þeistareykir power plant. The direct response of the groundwater levels and a time-delayed response of the gravity signal to changes in extraction and injection suggest that the geothermal system is subject to a partially confined aquifer. Our observations indicate that a sustainable “equilibrium” state of the reservoir is reached at extraction flow rates below 240 kg s−1and injection flow rates below 160 kg s−1. For a first-order approximation of the gravity contributions from extracted and injected masses, we applied a simplified forward gravity model. Comparison to the observed gravity signals suggest that most of the reinjected fluid is drained off through the nearby fracture system.