bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ganyong-kelor snack bar's glycemic index as a diet for diabetics
Authors: Setyaji Diyan Yunanto , Maharini Fransisca Shinta 
Published: June 2021

Background: Lack of insulin or the inability of cells to respond to insulin causes high blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes. Consumption of foods with a low glycemic index and high fiber has been shown to provide the same benefits as pharmacological therapy in the control of postprandial hyperglycemia and can prevent the incidence of hypoglycemia in people with diabetes. Ganyong (Canna edulis) is a food source of carbohydrates and fiber. Kelor (Moringa oliefera) contains protein and some phytochemical compounds which have a hypoglycemic effect.Objectives: The objective of the study was to analyze the glycemic index of ganyong-kelor snack bars as a diet for diabetics.Materials and Methods: Ten respondents fasted for 10 hours and checked their fasting blood glucose levels, then consumed 105 grams of bread as the reference food. Every 30 minutes after eating, the blood glucose levels were checked. In the following week, after fasted, all respondents consumed 157 grams of a ganyong-kelor snack bar and checked their blood glucose levels every 30 minutes.Results: Every 100 grams of ganyong-kelor snack bar contains 230.13 kcal, 31.97 grams of carbohydrates, 9.25 grams of fat, and 4.75 grams of protein. In this study, bread was used as a reference food. If bread was corrected with glucose as a reference food, the glycemic index of the ganyong-kelor snack bar was 38.08. The calculation of the glycemic load used the converted-glycemic index and the total carbohydrates contained in 100 grams of the food. Ganyong-kelor snack bar had a glycemic load value of 12.10.Conclusions: Ganyong-kelor snack bar had good nutritional content and was categorized as food with a low glycemic index. The hypoglycemic effect of the ganyong-kelor snack bar came from its high fiber content. Ganyong-kelor snack bar can be consumed as a healthy snack for diabetic people.
The effect of additional protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin on S100β levels of acute ischemic stroke patients at Dr. Kariadi Central Hospital, Semarang
Authors: Renamastika Stephani Nesya , Mahati Endang , Kartasurya Martha , Pramukarso Dodik , Pudjonarko Dwi , Retnaningsih Retnaningsih 
Published: June 2021

Background: The brain releases biochemical substrates, such as S100β protein, into circulation in response to ischemic conditions as a sign of damage in nerve cells and disruption of the blood-brain barrier’s integrity. Thrombolytic therapy has led to the development of many neuroprotective therapies such as protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin, which can be added to food products. Protein, phospholipids, and inulin, have a neuroprotective impact on nerve cells in the brain and blood-brain barrier.Objective: To prove the effect of protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin on S100β levels and clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Materials and Methods: This study was done in a single-blind RCT. Eighteen ischemic stroke patients were randomly divided into nine subjects for the intervention group and nine subjects for the control group. The Control group received 250 ml conventional formula milk (11.8 g protein) 3 times/day. The intervention group received 250 mL commercial milk 3 rimes/day which contained 15 g protein with 128 mg phosphatidylcholine, 32 mg phosphatidylserine, and 3 g inulin. All of the groups were given hospital-standard therapy for ischemic stroke. S100β levels were measured at pre and post-intervention.Results: Pre and post S100β levels in intervention and the control group did not show any statistically difference (p = 0.777 and p = 0.096), but there was a trend of decreasing levels of S100β in the intervention group (-24.6 + 252.0 pg/mL) versus control group (135.8 + 216.2 pg/mL).Conclusions: The addition of protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin did not have a significant effect on S100β levels.
Effect of tomato and red guava juice on blood glucose level in overweight woman
Authors: Izzati Aghnia Ilma , Jaelani Mohammad , Setiadi Yuwono , Rahmawati Enny , Yulianto Yulianto 
Published: June 2021

Background: Based on the results of Riskesdas 2018 that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia showed an increase from 6.9% to 8.5%. Overweight is closely related to impaired blood glucose, insulin resistance, and decreased insulin secretion. Preventive efforts that have been made using non-pharmacological treatments, such as increasing the intake of fiber and lycopene from fruits.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of tomato juice and guava juice on blood glucose levels in overweight women.Materials and Methods: The study design is a true experiment conducted in 11subjects in treatment group and 11 subjects in control group. The subject of this study were overweight adult women 45-55 years. Blood sampling was taken in the morning, then glucose levels were measured using the GOD-PAP method (Glucose Para Amino Phenazone). We gave 600 ml of tomato juice and red guava every day for 21 days. To find the effect of juice on fasting blood glucose levels controlled by nutrient intake and physical exercise using the Repeated Measure ANOVA test.Results: In the treatment group, there was a decrease of 3.24 mg/dl in blood glucose levels; while, in the control group, the decrease in blood glucose levels was only 0.26 mg/dl. However, we found no statistically significant differences in both groups.Conclusions: Consumption of tomato juice and red guava reduced fasting blood glucose.
Penggunaan Instagram Sebagai Sarana Pemasaran: Studi Kasus Taman Baca Masyarakat Kolong Ciputat
Authors: Roikanah Umi , Rachman Margareta Aulia 
Published: June 2021

Instagram tidak hanya digunakan masyarakat untuk berbagi foto dan video, melainkan juga untuk bisnis, pemasaran bahkan promosi perpustakaan. TBM Kolong Ciputat menggunakan Instagram sejak Januari 2017 dan per-September 2019 telah membagikan 829 posts foto dan video, telah mengikuti 1.258 akun, dan telah memiliki pengikut sebanyak 2.734 akun. Akun @tbmkolong aktif membagikan berbagai konten seperti kegiatan yang akan atau sudah berlangsung di TBM Kolong Ciputat. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penggunaan Instagram di TBM Kolong Ciputat. Penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terhadap pengurus TBM Kolong Ciputat, pengunjung TBM Kolong Ciputat dan pengikut di akun Instagram @tbmkolong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan Instagram sebagai pemasaran untuk sosialisasi, promosi, dan menyebarkan informasi mengenai kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilaksanakan oleh TBM Kolong Ciputat untuk masyarakat luas. Instagram @tbmkolong sudah menerapkan bauran pemasaran 4P (Product, Price, Place, Promotion). Namun demikian, penggunaan Instagram ternyata tidak terlihat bermanfaat bagi warga sekitar khususnya anak-anak dan warga sekitar TBM karena warga sekitar dan anak-anak tidak memiliki akses pada internet dan mereka bukan pengguna Instagram. Instagram hanya bermanfaat bagi TBM Kolong Ciputat sebagai media komunikasi dan eksistensi bagi pihak luar.
Variation of singular Kähler–Einstein metrics: Positive Kodaira dimension
Authors: Cao Junyan , Guenancia Henri , Păun Mihai 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Given a Kähler fiber space

p
:

X
→
Y

{p:X\to Y}

whose generic fiber is of general type, we prove that the fiberwise singular Kähler–Einstein metric induces
a semipositively curved metric on the relative canonical bundle

K

X
/
Y

{K_{X/Y}}

of p. We also propose a conjectural generalization of this result for relative
twisted Kähler–Einstein metrics. Then we show that our conjecture holds true
if the Lelong numbers of the twisting current are zero. Finally, we explain the relevance of our conjecture for the study of fiberwise Song–Tian metrics (which represent the analogue of KE metrics for fiber spaces whose generic fiber has positive but not necessarily maximal Kodaira dimension).
Non-archimedean hyperbolicity and applications
Authors: Javanpeykar Ariyan , Vezzani Alberto 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Inspired by the work of Cherry, we introduce and study a new notion of Brody hyperbolicity for rigid analytic varieties over a non-archimedean field K of characteristic zero.
We use this notion of hyperbolicity to show the following algebraic statement: if a projective variety admits a non-constant morphism from an abelian variety, then so does any specialization of it.
As an application of this result, we show that the moduli space of abelian varieties is K-analytically Brody hyperbolic in equal characteristic 0. These two results are predicted by the Green–Griffiths–Lang conjecture on hyperbolic varieties and its natural analogues for non-archimedean hyperbolicity. Finally, we use Scholze’s uniformization theorem to prove that the aforementioned moduli space satisfies a non-archimedean analogue of the “Theorem of the Fixed Part” in mixed characteristic.
Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn and nephrolithiasis
Authors: Karikari Nicole A. , Nutan FNU 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (SCFN) is a rare panniculitis that can affect newborn patients who have experienced perinatal stress, hypoxia, or hypothermia. Risk factors include gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. This condition is usually self-limiting; however, it can lead to severe complications, including hypercalcemia. After diagnosis, it is important to monitor calcium levels. There is no current standard for how frequently these levels should be monitored.

Case presentation
We present a full-term African American male with multiple risk factors, who was diagnosed with SCFN. The patient’s hypercalcemia secondary to SCFN led to renal complications.

Conclusions
This case highlights the importance of early and frequent monitoring of calcium levels in patients with SCFN.
Multitype weakly subcritical branching processes in random environment
Authors: Vatutin Vladimir A. , Dyakonova Elena E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A multi-type branching process evolving in a random environment generated by a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables is considered. The asymptotics of the survival probability of the process for a long time is found under the assumption that the matrices of the mean values of direct descendants have a common left eigenvector and the increment X of the associated random walk generated by the logarithms of the Perron roots of these matrices satisfies conditions E
X < 0 and E
XeX
> 0.
Existence and uniqueness of positive solutions for nonlinear fractional mixed problems
Authors: Cabada Alberto , Wanassi Om Kalthoum 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper is devoted to study the existence and uniqueness of solutions of a one parameter family of nonlinear Riemann–Liouville fractional differential equations with mixed boundary value conditions. An exhaustive study of the sign of the related Green’s function is carried out.
Under suitable assumptions on the asymptotic behavior of the nonlinear part of the equation at zero and at infinity, and by application of the fixed point theory of compact operators defined in suitable cones, it is proved that there exists at least one solution of the considered problem. Moreover, the method of lower and upper solutions is developed and the existence of solutions is deduced by a combination of both techniques. In particular cases, the Banach contraction principle is used to ensure the uniqueness of solutions.
Free interpolation for the Zygmund class
Authors: Tugores Francesc , Tugores Laia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We introduce interpolation sets for the Zygmund class

𝒵

{\mathcal{Z}}

in the unit disc of the complex plane. This space lies between the Lipschitz classes of order α,

0
<
α
<
1

{0<\alpha<1}

, and the class of order

α
=
1

{\alpha=1}

, whose interpolation sets are given in a different way.
We prove that the interpolation sets for

𝒵

{\mathcal{Z}}

are interpolation sets for the Lipschitz classes of order α,

0
<
α
<
1

{0<\alpha<1}

, and the latter are interpolation sets for a space slightly larger than

𝒵

{\mathcal{Z}}

.
A reduced basis Landweber method for the identification of piecewise constant Robin coefficient in an elliptic equation
Authors: Hu Junjun , Jiang Daijun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with the identification of the piecewise constant Robin coefficient in an elliptic equation.
The iterative regularization method is one of the very effective methods for solving this kind of nonlinear ill-posed
inverse problems. But it usually requires to solve numerous amounts of forward solutions during the iterative process, which will cost
a lot of computational time in high-dimensional spaces. A reduced basis method is considered to reduce the computational time for solving the forward problems, and its error estimate is also studied.
Finally, we propose a reduced basis Landweber algorithm to solve the elliptic inverse Robin problem and present several
numerical experiments to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm.
Neural network regression for Bermudan option pricing
Authors: Lapeyre Bernard , Lelong Jérôme 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The pricing of Bermudan options amounts to solving a dynamic programming
principle, in which the main difficulty, especially in high dimension, comes
from the conditional expectation involved in the computation of the
continuation value. These conditional expectations are classically computed by
regression techniques on a finite-dimensional vector space. In this work, we
study neural networks approximations of conditional expectations.
We prove the convergence of the well-known Longstaff and Schwartz algorithm when the
standard least-square regression is replaced by a neural network
approximation, assuming an efficient algorithm to compute this approximation.
We illustrate the numerical efficiency of neural networks as an
alternative to standard regression methods for approximating conditional
expectations on several numerical examples.
Navigation of migratory songbirds: a quantum magnetic compass sensor
Authors: Wong Siu Ying , Frederiksen Anders , Hanić Maja , Schuhmann Fabian , Grüning Gesa , Hore P. J. , Solov’yov Ilia A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The remarkable ability of migratory birds to navigate accurately using the geomagnetic field for journeys of thousands of kilometres is currently thought to arise from radical pair reactions inside a protein called cryptochrome. In this article, we explain the quantum mechanical basis of the radical pair mechanism and why it is currently the dominant theory of compass magnetoreception. We also provide a brief account of two important computational simulation techniques that are used to study the mechanism in cryptochrome: spin dynamics and molecular dynamics. At the end, we provide an overview of current research on quantum mechanical processes in avian cryptochromes and the computational models for describing them.
Kinetic study of the pyrolysis of polypropylene over natural clay
Authors: Nisar Jan , Khan Yousaf , Ali Ghulam , Shah Afzal , Farooqi Zahoor H. , Iqbal Munawar , Ashiq Muhammad Naeem 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Clay is widely used in numerous industrial activities; however, its application as an efficient catalyst for the decomposition of plastic waste on a commercial scale is scanty. Therefore, in this study, we have made efforts to use natural clay as the catalyst for the thermal decomposition of polypropylene in a pyrolysis setup. The pyrolysis oil obtained was found rich in hydrocarbons ranging from C8–C35. Kinetics of the pyrolysis reaction was determined utilizing thermogravimetric data and the activation energy (E) and A-factor were observed as 70.33–94.80 kJ/mol and 6 × 105–2.3 × 108 min−1 using the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall method and 58.19–74.82 kJ/mol and 4.1 × 102–4.2 × 103 min−1 applying Tang Wanjun equation. The activation energy was found to increase with enhancement in conversion presenting a complex decomposition reaction. Comparing the activation energy determined in this work with previous studies confirmed that natural clay has reduced E of decomposition reaction at high fraction conversion. The pyrolysis results supported with the kinetic investigation in this work would have potential applications in disposing of plastic waste on an industrial scale and a step forward in the field of waste management.
„Zeitung für Deutschland“?
Authors: Kutzner Maximilian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Die Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ) firmiert bis heute als „Zeitung für Deutschland“. Das war der Anspruch ihrer Gründer. Doch die sich verstetigende Zweistaatlichkeit stellte den deutschlandpolitischen Kurs der FAZ vor Herausforderungen. Wie positionierte man sich zur Neuen Ostpolitik? Gelang es, die Zeitung als Impulsgeber auf diesem Politikfeld zu etablieren? Der Aufsatz beleuchtet innerredaktionelle Konflikte und externe Zuschreibungen von west- und ostdeutschen Akteuren gleichermaßen. Der Autor zeigt auf, in welchem Spannungsfeld sich die FAZ zwischen ihrer eigenen Linie und der Anerkennung deutschlandpolitischer Faktizität in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren bewegte. War man bereit, für die Verwirklichung der deutschen Einheit alte Grundätze aufzugeben?
„Im fremden Erdteil ein Kleinod sein, ein Segen werden“
Authors: Georgiev Anna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Unter anderem konfrontiert mit Auflösungserscheinungen kleinerer jüdischer Gemeinden auf dem Land wurden seitens jüdischer Organisationen in Deutschland schon in der Weimarer Republik Fragen der Inventarisierung und Verteilung von nicht mehr benötigten Judaika diskutiert. Im Zuge der systematischen Verfolgung und Ermordung der jüdischen Bevölkerung wurden diese Themen nicht etwa fallengelassen, sondern weiter systematisiert. Sicherlich auch aufgrund mangelnder Verwertungsmöglichkeiten wurden die von jüdischen Organisationen eigens entwickelten Strukturen zunächst durch das Reichssicherheitshauptamt toleriert, aber die eigentliche Intention der Sammlung – die Abgabe an Gemeinden im Ausland – erwies sich als Ding der Unmöglichkeit.
El español de la isla de La Graciosa desde una perspectiva prosódica
Authors: Díaz Cabrera Imelda Chaxiraxi , Jorge Trujillo Carolina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Manuel Alvar published the only linguistic work known on Spanish from the island of La Graciosa (Canary Islands) in 1965, focused on the town of Caleta del Sebo, to document, in the field of Linguistic geography, the ALEICan (Linguistic and ethnographic atlas of the Canary Islands [1975–1978]). Alvar’s studies used to cover the lexical, grammatical (morphology and syntax) and phonetic levels of the segmental type, but he did not consider prosodic aspects of speech which would later be incorporated into a new generation of atlases, which would go from paper format to multimedia. As the main exponent, the AMPER project (Atlas Multimédia Prosodique de l’Espace Roman) was created in 2001 and, within its framework, we intend to describe the melodic characteristics of a group of sentences emitted by a man and a woman from Caleta del Sebo, completing thus the study started by Alvar fifty-five years ago. In this way, the results will show for the first time if there is a prosodic proximity between the eighth island and the seven main islands, which have been widely described in previous works both in formal and in informal speech.
NMDA Receptor Expression by Retinal Ganglion Cells Is Not Required for Retinofugal Map Formation nor Eye-Specific Segregation in the Mouse
Authors: Johnson Kristy O. , Smith Nathan A. , Goldstein Evan Z. , Gallo Vittorio , Triplett Jason W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRetinal ganglion cells (RGCs) project topographically to the superior colliculus (SC) and dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN). Spontaneous activity plays a critical role in retinotopic mapping in both regions; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying activity-dependent refinement remain unclear. Previous pharmacologic studies implicate NMDA receptors (NMDARs) in the establishment of retinotopy. In other brain regions, NMDARs are expressed on both the presynaptic and postsynaptic side of the synapse, and recent work suggests that presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDARs play distinct roles in retinotectal developmental dynamics. To directly test the role of NMDARs expressed by RGCs in retinofugal map formation, we took a conditional genetic knock-out approach to delete the obligate GluN1 subunit of NMDARs in RGCs. Here, we demonstrate reduced GluN1 expression in the retina of Chrnb3-Cre;GluN1flox/flox(pre-cKO) mice without altered expression in the SC. Anatomical tracing experiments revealed no significant changes in termination zone size in the SC and dLGN of pre-cKO mice, suggesting NMDAR function in RGCs is not an absolute requirement for topographic refinement. Further, we observed no change in the eye-specific organization of retinal inputs to the SC nor dLGN. To verify that NMDA induces activity in RGC terminals, we restricted GCaMP5 expression to RGCs and confirmed induction of calcium transients in RGC terminals. Together, these findings demonstrate that NMDARs expressed by RGCs are not required for retinofugal topographic map formation nor eye-specific segregation in the mouse.
Chronic, Episodic Nicotine Alters Hypoglossal Motor Neuron Function at a Critical Developmental Time Point in Neonatal Rats
Authors: Buls Wollman Lila , Fregosi Ralph F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDevelopmental nicotine exposure (DNE), alters brainstem neurons that control breathing, including hypoglossal motor neurons (XIIMNs), which innervate the tongue. Here, we tested the hypothesis that chronic, episodic DNE (eDNE), which mimics nicotine replacement therapies such as e-cigarettes or nicotine gum, alters the function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), XIIMN intrinsic properties, and tongue muscle functionin vivosimilar to what we have observed with a chronic, sustained exposure model. We delivered nicotine to pregnant Sprague Dawley rats through drinking water and studied pups of either sex in two age groups: postnatal day (P)1–P5 and P10–P12, which encompasses a critical period in brain development. At P1–P5, eDNE was associated with delayed recovery of nAChRs from desensitization; however, there were no changes in the magnitude of desensitization, XIIMN intrinsic properties, or tongue muscle functionin vivo.By P10–P12, eDNE XIIMNs had lower peak firing frequencies in response to depolarizing current injection, larger delayed rectifier potassium currents, and continued to exhibit delayed nAChR recovery. Moreover, this age group exhibited a blunted and delayed tongue muscle response to nasal occlusionin vivo, indicating that changes to XIIMN intrinsic properties is an important mechanism behind this effect, as it is not produced by altered nAChR function alone. Together, these results show that eDNE alters XIIMNs and tongue muscle function during a critical period in brain development and that the specific effects of chronic nicotine exposure may be pattern dependent.