bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The significance of technology as both a resource in enhancing safety, and a means of perpetrating violence: the implications for policy and practice
Authors: Gendera Sandra , valentine kylie , Breckenridge Jan 
Published: August 2021

There is evidence that technological devices such as personal safety alarms and security cameras can be effective in contributing to an increased sense of safety for victims of domestic and family violence, when they are provided as part of a broader programme of support. This article reports on findings from a mixed methods evaluation of a programme trialled in Queensland, Australia. The programme was funded by the Commonwealth Department of Social Services as part of the Keeping Women Safe in Their Home initiative. The trial was comprised of two components: the provision of personal safety alarms and security cameras to victims, and the resourcing of service providers to identify and respond to technology-facilitated abuse experienced by their clients. The findings from the evaluation of the trial contribute to an emerging evidence base on technology as a means to support and increase the safety of victims of violence. The findings also contribute to evidence on the capacity of the sector to respond to the use of technology to harass, monitor and stalk victims.
There are benefits to clients and service providers from the innovative use of technology as part of a holistic and flexible domestic and family violence service response to meet the needs of victims, including those who wish to remain in their home. However, service providers in the trial felt less confident in supporting victims of technology-facilitated abuse. The limited uptake of strategies provided to assess and monitor technology-facilitated abuse indicates that support workers in the domestic violence sector would benefit from capacity building in this area. Better data and more research are needed to understand how technology is used to facilitate abuse and how services can implement effective responses to technology-facilitated abuse.
Development of multi-systems for measurement of radionuclide absolute activity
Authors: Lima da Cruz Paulo Alberto , Da Silva Carlos Jose , Leiras Anderson , Quadros Andre Luiz Lopes , Rangel Johnny , Iwahara Akira 
Published: August 2021

The development of a multi-systems triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) and coincidence 4pb-g methods, based on liquid scintillation to radionuclide standardization is presented in this work. The adjustments of multi-systems were made using standards of 3H and 14C and 60Co. The initial stage was performing measurements of pure beta-emitters 3H, 63Ni, and 90Sr90Y standard solutions by TDCR. The results were consistent within the standard uncertainty. Measurements will be performed with a beta-gamma 60Co in a comparison to the SIR / BIPM to assess the multi-system's performance.
Radiology and mammography standard X-ray spectra simulated with the Monte Carlo method
Authors: Xavier Filho Joel Marques , Silveira Iury Santos , Caldas Linda Viola Ehlin 
Published: August 2021

Six standard beams described in the TRS-457 (IAEA): RQR 5, 8, M1, M2, M3, M4 were simulated using the EGSnrc Monte Carlo code. Each spectrum was created by an X-ray tube simulated in BEAMnrc, and attenuation curves were obtained using the application egs_kerma. The quality of each beam was evaluated by the 1st and 2nd half-value layers, the homogeneity coefficients and the mean energies. All beams presented quality parameters compatible with those described in TRS-457 (IAEA).
Monitoring of distribution of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms in patients with dysbiosis of the urogenital tract
Authors: Sklyar T. , Gavryliuk V. , Lavrentievа K. , Kurahina N. , Lykholat T. , Zaichenko K. , Papiashvili M. , Lykholat O. , Stepansky D. 
Published: August 2021

Currently, the problem of the development of resistance to drugs among microorganisms that colonize the urogenital system is becoming especially relevant due to broadly distributed dysbiotic conditions of the reproductive system of men and women. Therefore, there should be constant monitoring of the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota of the urogential tract and determination of the levels of antibiotic-resistance of strains of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in the reproductive system of various layers of the population. We monitored 774,375 people of various age and sex – patients of the independent diagnostic laboratory INVITRO in the city Dnipro in 2017–2019. Among the examined people, 640,783 of the patients were diagnosed with the development of dysbiotic disorders, accounting for 82.7% of the total amount of the applications for medical help. According to the results of identification of the range of dysbiotic conditions of the urogenital system of patients of different ages and sexes, we determined the dominating role of facultative anaerobes in the development of dysbiotic impairments caused by colonizations by large numbers of conditionally-pathogenic microorganisms: in women, Gardnerella accounted for 86.1%, Staphylococcus – 63.2%, Streptococcus – 54.1%, Candida – 69.3%; in men, Streptococcus were found in 83.0%, Staphylococcus – 79.4%, Corynebacterium – 54.2% and Candida – 37.6% of the cases. Share of obligate anaerobes was also quite large: women were diagnosed with Prevotella in 59.7%, Peptostreptococcus in 53.2%, Fusobacterium in 45.4% of the cases cases; men were observed to have Peptostreptococcus 62.4%, Clostridium in 54.3%, Bacteroides in 32.5% of the cases. We determined high parameters of frequency of diagnosing antibiotic-resistant isolates of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that circulate in the urogenital tract of patients with dysbiotic impairments, belonging to the following families: Mycoplasmataceae – 78.6%, Enterobacteriaceae – 56.0% and genera – Staphylococcus – 76.1%, Gardnerella – 24.3%, Corynebacterium – 21.2%. The research revealed increase in the frequency of detection of strains of urapathogenic bacteria resistant to the applied antibiotic preparations in 2018–2019 compared with the data of 2017: increases of 10.3% and 6.4% in representatives of family Mycoplasmataceae resistant to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin respectively, 4.8% and 4.0% in Enterobacteriaceae resistant to chloramphenicol and ampicillin respectively, and 8.9% in the genus Staphylococcus resistant to vancomycin.
Bone remodeling stages under physiological conditions and glucocorticoid in excess: Focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Povoroznyuk V. V. , Dedukh N. V. , Bystrytska M. A. , Shapovalov V. S. 
Published: August 2021

This review provides a rationale for the cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling stages under physiological conditions and glucocorticoids (GCs) in excess. Remodeling is a synchronous process involving bone resorption and formation, proceeding through stages of: (1) resting bone, (2) activation, (3) bone resorption, (4) reversal, (5) formation, (6) termination. Bone remodeling is strictly controlled by local and systemic regulatory signaling molecules. This review presents current data on the interaction of osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes in bone remodeling and defines the role of osteoprogenitor cells located above the resorption area in the form of canopies and populating resorption cavities. The signaling pathways of proliferation, differentiation, viability, and cell death during remodeling are presented. The study of signaling pathways is critical to understanding bone remodeling under normal and pathological conditions. The main signaling pathways that control bone resorption and formation are RANK / RANKL / OPG; M-CSF – c-FMS; canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways Wnt; Notch; MARK; TGFβ / SMAD; ephrinB1/ephrinB2 – EphB4, TNFα – TNFβ, and Bim – Bax/Bak. Cytokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, calcitonin, and estrogens also act as regulators of bone remodeling. The role of non-encoding microRNAs and long RNAs in the process of bone cell differentiation has been established. MicroRNAs affect many target genes, have both a repressive effect on bone formation and activate osteoblast differentiation in different ways. Excess of glucocorticoids negatively affects all stages of bone remodeling, disrupts molecular signaling, induces apoptosis of osteocytes and osteoblasts in different ways, and increases the life cycle of osteoclasts. Glucocorticoids disrupt the reversal stage, which is critical for the subsequent stages of remodeling. Negative effects of GCs on signaling molecules of the canonical Wingless (WNT)/β-catenin pathway and other signaling pathways impair osteoblastogenesis. Under the influence of excess glucocorticoids biosynthesis of biologically active growth factors is reduced, which leads to a decrease in the expression by osteoblasts of molecules that form the osteoid. Glucocorticoids stimulate the expression of mineralization inhibitor proteins, osteoid mineralization is delayed, which is accompanied by increased local matrix demineralization. Although many signaling pathways involved in bone resorption and formation have been discovered and described, the temporal and spatial mechanisms of their sequential turn-on and turn-off in cell proliferation and differentiation require additional research.
Efficacy of manganese pantothenate and lysinate chelates for prevention of perosis in broiler chickens
Authors: Sakara V. S. , Melnyk A. Y. , Sakhniuk V. V. , Vovkotrub N. V. , Fedorchenko M. M. , Balatskiy Y. О. , Bondarenko L. V. 
Published: August 2021

Perosis is a common metabolic disease of industrial birds, especially broiler chickens. It leads to a violation of the balance of biotic substances in the body of chickens, which is clinically manifested by the curvature of the limbs, reduced mobility, and, consequently, reduced profitability of meat production. Prevention of perosis is possible provided that chickens receive a sufficient amount of manganese in a biologically available form. Studies were conducted to determine the efficiency of use of manganese chelates (pantothenate and lysinate) for prevention of perosis in broiler chickens. Efficacy was confirmed by examining changes in the clinical state, indicators of protein and mineral metabolism, as well as meat productivity of birds. For the experiment, broiler chickens of the Cobb-500 cross were taken at the age of 14 days. The birds of the control group received a standard diet, and the chickens from two experimental groups additionally received manganese pantothenate and lysinate with water during the critical period for the development of perosis – 14–28 days old. After 14 days of administration of manganese pantothenate and lysinate, the weight of the experimental birds at the age of 28 days was greater by 133.6 g (+11.0%) and 142.2 g (+11.7%), respectively, in comparison with poultry of the control group. Additional provision of manganese pantothenate and lysinate to chickens of the experimental groups contributed to an increase in the blood serum total protein concentration by 11.0% and 12.8 %, albumin – by 10.1% and 8.2%, magnesium – by 8.1% and 9.0% and manganese – by 29.6% and 26.9%, respectively, compared with indicies of the control group birds. The use of manganese chelates in the form of pantothenate (0.2 mL/L of water) and a lysinate (0.5 mL/L) during the 14–28th days of broiler chickens’ rearing provides 100% prevention of perosis. This reduces the death of broiler chickens, increases body weight, and, as a result, significantly increases the profitability of meat production.
Influence of sugars on biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Vashchenko A. O. , Voronkova Y. S. , Kulyk E. E. , Snisar O. S. , Sidashenko O. I. , Voronkova O. S. 
Published: August 2021

The problem of biofilm formation by clinical strains of opportunistic bacteria is one of the most significant for medicine, because in a state of biofilm bacteria become more resistant to environmental factors, including antibiotics, a situation that can cause failure of treatment. Among opportunistic pathogens staphylococci are of special interest. Knowledge about the peculiarities of biofilm formation of these strains, in particular the polysaccharide biosynthesis, can be used for creation of a strategy of prophylaxis of different lesions that bind with staphylococci. The effect of different concentrations of the most widespread sugars (glucose, sucrose, lactose, galactose) on the activity of biofilm formation by strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis was investigated. Strains of S. epidermidis (n = 7) were isolated from the reproductive tract of women with dysbiosis. The cultures were grown in universal synthetic media with concentration of one of the listed sugars (0.5–3.0%) during 72 h. Results were obtained colorimetrically. We studied the number of cells in biofilm and the index of biofilm formation. The largest number of cells in the biofilm was observed when the culture incubated in a medium with 2.0% of glucose (increase of 25.3 times compared to control). The amount of CFU in the control biofilm was 9.96 lg CFU/mL. The glucose concentration of 3.0% inhibited the biofilm formation: the number of cells in the biofilm was 569 times less compared to the control. The highest value of biofilm formation index was 7.2, which was 1.3 times higher than the control (5.4). In the presence of lactose and galactose in nutrient medium in concentrations from 1.0% a decrease in the number of cells and biofilm formation index were observed. The received data show that process of biofilm formation is significantly dependent on external sources of sugars, which can indicate the possibility of their use as antibiofilm drug compounds, which inhibit membrane transport of sugars in bacteria.
Effect of Cameraria ohridella feeding on Aesculus hippocastanum photosynthesis
Authors: Holoborodko K. K. , Seliutina O. V. , Ivanko I. A. , Alexeyeva A. A. , Shulman M. V. , Pakhomov O. Y. 
Published: August 2021

The complex of invasive species of phytophagous insects that can adapt to novel living conditions is constantly increasing. The ecological effect of their vital activity in the new environment is almost impossible to predict. As a result, invasions undesirable in the economic sense are often observed. The horse -chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimič, 1986, Gracillariidae) is one of these problematic invader species in the introduced range of the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum (Linnaeus, 1753), Sapindaceae). We studied the effect of C. ohridella on the state of the photosynthetic apparatus in Ae. hippocastanum leaves. Photosynthesis is the one of the processes most vulnerable to stress factors, so information about the state of photosynthetic apparatus in a plant under the influence of phytophage feeding obtained with fluorescence analysis can be significant. The feeding effect of C. ohridella caterpillars on the functional state and activity of Ae. hippocastanum photosynthetic apparatus was studied. We studied critical parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence induction reflecting the effect of a single C. ohridella generation (feeding the caterpillar for the five stages of this species’ development) on the functional links of the photosystem II in Ae. hippocastanum leaves. The data obtained show a decrease in PS II quantum efficiency (inhibition of photosynthetic activity) in the leaves from different parts of the crown; it suggests the destructive effect of C. ohridella caterpillar feeding on Ae. hippocastanum photosynthetic apparatus. Values of all key parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence indication evidence inhibition of photophysical and photochemical processes of photosynthesis and impaired coherence of Calvin cycle reactions. Study of the feeding effect of C. ohridella caterpillars on the efficiency of the main enzyme in the Calvin cycle (which closely correlates with the coefficient of fluorescence induction that characterizes the efficiency of dark photosynthetic processes) showed a significant decrease in its activity in the leaves of both the illuminated and shaded parts of the crown. Our study has shown that the method of chlorophyll fluorescence induction allows one to determine the general state of a plant in an express regime by evaluating the main process of plant life as photosynthesis. Analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters is a powerful and effective tool for determining the effect of phytophages on the plant body. The obtained data allow us to apply the method of analyzing chlorophyll fluorescence induction in practice to establish the physiological state of tree flora in forests and garden farms.
A systematic review of tapeworms (Plathelminthes, Cestoda) of domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos dom.)
Authors: Rzayev F. H. , Nasirov A. M. , Gasimov E. K. 
Published: August 2021

Tapeworms of domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos dom.) causing helminthiasis and serious damage to the hosts, cause economic damage in the poultry industry. Helminthological research devoted to the study of the parasite fauna, including tapeworms of domestic ducks, has been carried out in many countries. But there is no review information on the study of the helminth fauna of domestic ducks. We take our own materials and literature data and summarise the information on cestode parasites of Anas platyrhynchos dom., which have been recorded in the world until 2020. Each species is provided with the following data: scientific name, authority and year, intermediate and auxiliary hosts, habitat in the host body, collecting localities and geographic distribution, prevalence and intensity of infection and literature sources. Based on our own research and analysis of literature data, it was revealed that hitherto there are 419 species of helminths (Trematoda – 213, Cestoda – 89, Nematoda – 79, Acanthocephala – 11) recorded parasitising domestic ducks. The tapeworms found in Azerbaijan belong to four families (Dilepididae – 3, Hymenolepididae – 68, Davaineidae – 13, Diphyllobothriidae – 5). In Azerbaijan, 11 out of 89 species of helminths have been found in domestic ducks. Six of them were also noted in the course of our helminthological studies. The cestoda Diorchis inflata was recorded the first time in domestic ducks in Azerbaijan. Most species of cestodes were found in the north-eastern regions of Azerbaijan (Shabran – 11 species, Khachmaz – 6 species) and the southern region (Astara – 4 species). All of these areas are located on the shores of the Caspian Sea and are located on the annual migration route of wild birds involved in the spread of cestodes, which are considered biohelminths. Six species (Drepanidotaenia lanceolata, Hymenolepis apodemi, Hymenolepis diminuta, Ligula interrupta, Ligula intestinalis, Schistocephalus solidus) of cestodes parasitize both birds and mammals (D. lanceolata, H. diminuta in humans).
Imágenes del otro en Brasil. Un análisis comparado de artistas en expediciones
Authors: Bugnone Ana , Capasso Verónica 
Published: August 2021

Este estudio consiste en un análisis comparativo de las imágenes de indígenas elaboradas en contextos de expediciones realizadas enº el nordeste y la Amazonia de Brasil, producidas por el pintor Albert Eckhout (1610-1665) y la artista contemporánea Claudia Andujar (1931-actualidad). Se propone una problematización de la construcción de estas imágenes, a partir de la consideración del contexto de producción, la configuración de los cuerpos, el modo de aproximación hacia el otro, las características y los atributos de las representaciones, los puntos en común y las diferencias entre Andujar y Eckhout. Se empleó una metodología cualitativa desde una perspectiva transdisciplinaria y se basó en el análisis de imágenes en intrínseca relación con su contexto sociohistórico. En este artículo se sostiene que, si bien las producciones artísticas del pintor y la fotógrafa tenían móviles ideológicos y marcos culturales disímiles, la comparación permite abordar de manera conjunta a Eckhout y Andujar en cuanto retrataron sujetos que les resultaban exóticos. Se observó que Eckhout y Andujar trabajaron con la idea de una promesa, en el primer caso, de civilización, y en el segundo, de salvación. Finalmente, se advirtió que, en el marco de la modernidad, la producción de una visualidad de la otredad fue un aspecto central en los dos casos.
Relationship between left bundle branch block patterns and super-response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure
Authors: Shirokov N. E. , Kuznetsov V. A. , Todosiychuk V. V. , Soldatova A. M. , Krinochkin D. V. 
Published: August 2021

Aim. To assess a relationship of left bundle branch block (LBBB) patterns defined by electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography with super-response (SR) to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).Material and methods. Sixty patients (mean age, 54,5±10,4 years) were examined at baseline and during follow-up (10,6±3,6 months). Patients were divided into groups: group I (n=31) — decrease of left ventricular end-systolic volume (ESV) ≥30% (super-responders) and II group (n=29) — decrease of LV ESV <30% (non-super-responders). Three strain-markers of LBBB assessed by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) were used: early contraction of basal or midventricular segment in the septal wall and early stretching of basal or midventricular segment in the lateral wall (marker 1); early peak contraction of the septal wall occurred in the first 70% of the systolic ejection phase (marker 2, septal flash (SF)); early stretching wall that showed peak contraction after aortic valve closure (marker 3). The classical LBBB pattern was defined if all three strain-markers were present. The heterogeneous LBBB pattern was defined if two from three strain-markers were present.Results. At baseline, groups did not differ in main clinical characteristics, including QRS width and LBBB assessed by ECG. Mechanical abnormalities were found only in group I: SF (32,3% vs 0,0%; p=0,001) and apical rocking (19,4% vs 0,0%; p=0,024), as well as classic LBBB mechanical pattern (20,8% vs 0,0%; p=0,05). The complex of heterogeneous LBBB mechanical pattern (odds ratio (OR), 7,512; 95% CI, 1,434-39,632; р=0,025), interventricular mechanical delay (OR, 1,037; 95% CI, 1,005-1,071; р=0,017) and longitudinal strain of interventricular septum mid segment (OR, 0,726; 95% CI, 0,540-0,977; р=0,035) had an independent relationship with SR. According to the ROC analysis, the sensitivity and specificity of model in SR prediction were 77,3% and 91,3% (AUC=0,862; p<0,001).Conclusion. SR is associated with both LBBB mechanical patterns assessed by STE and TDI. LBBB defined by ECG did not have significant association with SR to CRT.