bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatigue and sleep quality in different trimesters of pregnancy
Authors: Effati-Daryani Fatemeh , Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi Sakineh , Mohammadi Azam , Zarei Somayeh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Objectives: Fatigue is one of the most common and persistent complaints of pregnant women. Increased severity of fatigue during pregnancy can increase the risk of preterm labor, prolonged labor, cesarean section, and postpartum depression. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the fatigue status in different trimesters of pregnancy and its relationship with sleep quality in pregnant women.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed by two-stage cluster sampling on pregnant women referred to Tabriz health centers. Data were collected using socio-demographic questionnaire, multidimensional assessment of fatigue and Pittsburgh sleep quality index.
Results: Among the 605 pregnant women studied, 94.2% of women suffered from fatigue during pregnancy. The mean (standard deviation) of fatigue score in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy was 23.53 (8.05), 25.78 (6.56) and 26.46 (6.72), respectively. There was also significant reverse correlation between total fatigue score with total sleep quality score (p=0.031) and with an increase in fatigue, sleep quality was reduced.
Discussion: The findings of this study may be used to design interventional measures for fatigue and medical care to improve quality of sleep in pregnancy.
Detection of QTLs for panicle-related traits using an indica × japonica recombinant inbred line population in rice
Authors: Li Guan , Cheng Yichen , Yin Man , Yang Jinyu , Ying Jiezheng , Zhu Changlan 
Published: November 2021

Background
The panicle is the most important organ in rice, and all the panicle-related traits are correlated with rice grain yield. Understanding the underlying genetic mechanisms controlling panicle development is very important for improving rice production.

Methods
Nine panicle-related traits including heading date, panicle length, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of grains per panicle, number of panicles per plant, number of filled grains per plant, seed-setting rate, and grain yield per plant were investigated. To map the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the nine panicle-related traits, a PCR-based genetic map with 208 markers (including 121 simple sequence repeats and 87 InDels) and a high-density linkage map with 18,194 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were both used.

Results
Using a recombinant inbred line population derived from an indica variety Huanghuazhan and a japonica line Jizi 1560, a total of 110 and 112 QTLs were detected for panicle-related traits by PCR-based genetic map and by high-density linkage map, respectively. Most of the QTLs were clustered on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7 while no QTLs were detected on chromosome 10. Almost all the QTLs with LOD values of more than 5.0 were repeatedly detected, indicating the accuracy of the two methods and the stability of the QTL effects. No genes for panicle-related traits have been previously reported in most of these regions. QTLs found in JD1006–JD1007 and RM1148–RM5556 with high LOD and additive values deserved further research. The results of this study are beneficial for marker-assisted breeding and provide research foundation for further fine-mapping and cloning of these QTLs for panicle-related traits.
Does long-term fire suppression impact leaf litter breakdown and aquatic invertebrate colonization in pine flatwoods wetlands?
Authors: Chandler Houston C. , Colón-Gaud J. Checo , Gorman Thomas A. , Carson Khalil , Haas Carola A. 
Published: November 2021

Ephemeral wetlands are commonly embedded within pine uplands of the southeastern United States. These wetlands support diverse communities but have often been degraded by a lack of growing-season fires that historically maintained the vegetation structure. In the absence of fire, wetlands develop a dense mid-story of woody vegetation that increases canopy cover and decreases the amount of herbaceous vegetation. To understand how reduced fire frequency impacts wetland processes, we measured leaf litter breakdown rates and invertebrate communities using three common plant species (Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris), Pineland Threeawn Grass (Aristida stricta), and Black Gum (Nyssa sylvatica)) that occur in pine flatwoods wetlands located on Eglin Air Force Base, Florida. We also tested whether or not the overall habitat type within a wetland (fire maintained or fire suppressed) affected these processes. We placed leaf packs containing 15.0 g of dried leaf litter from each species in both fire-maintained and fire-suppressed sections of three wetlands, removing them after 103–104 days submerged in the wetland. The amount of leaf litter remaining at the end of the study varied across species (N. sylvatica = 7.97 ± 0.17 g, A. stricta = 11.84 ± 0.06 g, and P. palustris = 11.37 ± 0.07 g (mean ± SE)) and was greater in fire-maintained habitat (leaf type: F2,45 = 437.2, P < 0.001; habitat type: F1,45 = 4.6, P = 0.037). We identified an average of 260 ± 33.5 (SE) invertebrates per leaf pack (range: 19–1,283), and the most abundant taxonomic groups were Cladocera, Isopoda, Acariformes, and Diptera. Invertebrate relative abundance varied significantly among litter species (approximately 39.9 ± 9.4 invertebrates per gram of leaf litter remaining in N. sylvatica leaf packs, 27.2 ± 5.3 invertebrates per gram of A. stricta, and 14.6 ± 3.1 invertebrates per gram of P. palustris (mean ± SE)) but not habitat type. However, both habitat (pseudo-F1,49 = 4.30, P = 0.003) and leaf litter type (pseudo-F2,49 = 3.62, P = 0.001) had a significant effect on invertebrate community composition. Finally, this work was part of ongoing projects focusing on the conservation of the critically imperiled Reticulated Flatwoods Salamander (Ambystoma bishopi), which breeds exclusively in pine flatwoods wetlands, and we examined the results as they relate to potential prey items for larval flatwoods salamanders. Overall, our results suggest that the vegetation changes associated with a lack of growing-season fires can impact both invertebrate communities and leaf litter breakdown.
Calibration and Validation of DSSAT CROPGRO Peanut Model for Yield and Yield Attributing Characters of Groundnut Varieties in Northern Agro-Climatic Zone of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Thirumeninathan S. , Pazhanivelan S. , Sudarmanian N. S. , Ragunath K. P. , Gurusamy A. , Sritharan N. 
Published: November 2021

Aim: The research study was conducted to calibrate and validate the DSSAT CROPGRO peanut model for simulating the potential yield of groundnut to deciding the best possible management options at major growing areas of Northern Agro-Climatic zone of Tamil Nadu.
Study Design: The experiment was conducted in Split plot Design with four Sowing dates and cultivars.
Methodology: The DSSAT model requires layer wise soil data (physical and chemical), including soil texture and other soil properties. Daily weather data, including maximum and minimum air temperature (°C), solar radiation (MJ m−2 day−1), Relative Humidity (%) and precipitation (mm) were used as inputs. Data describing management practices and information of cultivar-specific genetic coefficients were used to calibrate the model. Validation of model were carried out using observed growth and yield attributes of TMV13 and G7 varieties using RMSE (Root Mean Square Error), NRMSE (Normalized Root Mean Square Error) and agreement per cent as test criteria for the evaluation.
Results: The performance of DSSAT CROPGRO peanut model for simulated growth attributes were underestimated the growth attributes like days to anthesis, leaf area index, days to first pod and days to maturity than compared to observed growth attributes of TMV13 and G7 varieties. But the model performs better for G7 as compared to TMV13. Whereas, yield and yield attributes of CROPGRO peanut model were overestimated than the observed yield.
Conclusion: The simulation model shows the low RMSE, NRMSE and high agreement per cent for growth and yield of groundnut which was more than 90 per cent, it shows the higher level of confidence on model simulation with observed characters.
Design, Synthesis, Reactions and Antibacterial Properties of 2-hydrazinyl-3-methyl-6-nitroquinoxaline Derivatives
Authors: Taiwo F. O. , Obafemi C.A. , Akinpelu D.A. 
Published: November 2021

Aims: This aims of this study was to synthesis new quinoxaline-based heterocycles and study its antibacterial properties.
Objective: This study was designed to synthesis some 3-methyl-6-nitroquinoxaline-2-one with hydrazine moiety, characterize the synthesized compounds, and study their antibacterial properties on some bacterial strains.
Materials and Methods: Six 3-methylquinoxaline-2-hydrazone derivatives were synthesized by reacting 2-hydrazinyl-3-methyl-6-nitroquinoxaline with various substituted acetophenones. The hydrazones were screened for their potential antibacterial properties.
Results: All the test compounds were found to possessed promising antibacterial properties against a panel of bacterial strains screened for this study. The MIC values exhibited by these compounds ranged between 0.0313 and 0.250 mg/mL. The lowest MBC of the compounds against the test organism was 0.0625 mg/mL while the highest MBC was 0.250 mg/mL.
Discussion and Conclusion: The study concluded that all the compounds exhibited appreciable bactericidal effects against all the bacterial strains, which is an indication that such synthetic compounds possessed broad spectrum activities and such compounds could be useful in formulation of antibacterial compounds which could be used to mitigates infections caused by pathogens that are now developing resistance against the available antibiotics.
Efficacy of Allergen Specific Immunotherapy for Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Adly Madonna Nader , Mandour Mahmoud Fawzy , Abd Elaziz Mahmoud Foad , Saafan Magdy Eisa 
Published: November 2021

Background: Allergic rhinitis is a common disease that affect nose causing sneezing, watery nose, nasal itching and redness that affect quality of life, productivity at work or school and may underlies complications (e.g. Asthma) for patients and are often accompanied by itchy eye, redness and lacrimation.
Aim of the Work: The objective of this study is to systematically assess the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy treatment for patients with Allergic Rhinitis.
Method: Our initial search generated a total of 23330 possible relevant titles. Titles, abstracts were preliminary screening so that 22565 were excluded. 154 articles were retrieved in full text the number of studies excluded after assessment of the full text 145, 9 articles met the eligibility criteria and fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the review.
Data Sources: Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available on the Internet upto 2018.
Data Extraction: If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, and adequate information and defined assessment measures.
Conclusion: Our systematic review provides evidence that Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT) tablets effectively relieve rhinitis symptoms in adults with allergic rhinitis, improve their quality of life and provide data about safety of Sublingual Immunotherapy as there were no serious side effects of using SLIT tablets. Nevertheless, the current evidence may be limited due to sample size and the heterogeneity between studies. Large sample size and multiple center RCTs on the efficacy of different formulations of SLIT drugs are still needed to provide further evidence and more precise recommendations.
Free-radical Scavenging and Quantitative Estimation of Flavonoids from the Polar Extracts of Corchorus depressus Leaves
Authors: Kumar Khuntia Tapas , Nath Nanda Upendra , Kumar Senapati Aswini 
Published: November 2021

Background: The investigation of total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of polar extracts of Corchorus depressus is the major aim of this study. As observed from ancient literatures and folkloric claims the plant Corchorus depressus worshipped by the married women of Odisha, India, in the rituals called as “Jama Jutia”, possesses different biological activities including antioxidant property.
Methods: The diphenyl picryl hydrazine, hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide radical scavenging methods were performed for measurement of the antioxidant activity at different extracts. The flavonoid and phenolic content of the extracts were determined by using aluminium chloride and Folin-Ciocalteau’s reagent (FCR) methods respectively.
Results: The results for estimation of total phenolic content (mg/ 100 g) expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and total flavonoid (mg/ 100 g) in weight of quercetin equivalent (QE) was highest in methanolic extract 78.46 and 21.2 respectively, followed by 18.18 mg/100 g in GAE and 1.80 mg/100 g in QE for aqueous extract.
Conclusion: The methanolic extract of C. depressus at 100µg/ml showed highest DPPH, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity and this activity may be attributed to the presence of saponins and flavonoids as detected in the extract.
Effect of Dorsomorphin Homolog 1 (DMH1) against Diabetic Dyslipidemia in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: M. Alzahrani Abdulaziz , A. Sattar Ahmad Mai A. Alim , T. Alharthy Basma 
Published: November 2021

Dyslipidemia is usually observed in both types of diabetes and, particularly, “atherogenic dyslipidemic triad” is strongly linked to a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular outcome. On the other hand, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are a group of wide variety of proteins which were found overexpressed and implicated in contribution and acceleration of atherosclerotic calcification. So, the present study aimed to assess effect of DMH1, a selective BMP inhibitor, in a rat model of diabetic-induced dyslipidemia.
Methods: STZ-induced diabetes in Wistar rats was used as a model to assess the
antihyperlipidemic effect of DMH1(5mg/kg) for a period of 8 weeks. Rats were divided intonormal control (C=10), diabetic control (DC=10), diabetic+vehicle (DV=10) and diabetic DMH1-treated rats (DT=10). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level was measured on weekly bases. Then, at the end of the experiment, rats were anesthetized and blood samples were collected for the determination of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL and HDL levels using the appropriate ELISA assay.
Results: FBG levels for all diabetic groups were significantly high, during the experiment period, compared to the control (P< 0.001). While dyslipidemia was remarkable in the diabetic non-treated groups, DMH1 treatment showed a significant decrease in TC (P< 0.001), TG (P< 0.05) and LDL levels (P< 0.001) compared to the non-treated groups (DC & DV). Concurrently, HDL levels for DT group were significantly increased compared to DC or DV groups (P< 0.01).
Conclusion: The present experiment showed that DMH1 possessed encouraging activityagainst dyslipidemia in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Our results are promoting for more interest and investigation regarding antihyperlipidemic effect of DMH1 and BMP/Smad pathway in further experimental studies.
Physiotherapy Rehabilitation in Operated Case of Patellar Fracture and Medial Malleolus Fracture- A Case Report
Authors: Bhagwatkar Sawari , Phansopkar Pratik , Chitale Neha 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are responsible for a considerable amount of global death and morbidity, particularly in developing nations. 'Hidden pandemics,' such as mortality from RTA, often go unnoticed over the world.(1) These days traffic road accidents lead to many fractures included patellar fracture. Patellar fractures account for about 1% of all skeletal fractures and are most common in people between the ages of 20 and 50. 1–3 Men have nearly twice as many cases as women.
Clinical Findings: On physical examination respiratory system, cardiovascular system and central nervous system are normal and on local examination of left lower limb demonstrate attitude of limb in hip and knee in extension and foot in external rotation and multiple abrasions are present over the knee and there were abrasion of 10*2cm present over medial aspect of great toe and abrasion of 5*2cm present over the postero-medial aspect of distal 3rd leg, lacerated wound on medial malleolus.In this case patient was on 8 week protocol for physiotherapy management.
Discussion: In this case report we are discussing a case of 36 year old male with fracture of patella and medial malleolus managed with tension band wiring and nailing respectively. The primary goal of physiotherapy management was to prevent secondary complications and make the patient independent for which rehabilitation protocol was planned which included isometric exercises, dynamic quadriceps bed mobility exercises and ambulation.
Conclusion: Physiotherapy plays an important role in rehabilitation of patient with medial malleolus and patella fracture.
Clinical and Radio Graphical Evaluation of Implants Placed in Ridge Preserved Sites versus Naturally Healed Sites
Authors: Vyas Shruti Dipakkumar , Batra Divya , Hayer Deepinder 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Dental implant has proved to be a pioneer in prosthetic rehabilitation overcoming the disadvantage of a removable or a fixed partial denture. The aim of the study was to clinically and radiographically evaluate and compare changes of hard and soft tissues around the implants which will be placed in ridge preserved sites with implant placed in naturally healed extraction sites.
Materials and Methods: In this study 10 Patients having tooth with hopeless prognosis requiring tooth extraction followed by implant placement were enrolled. These patients were randomly divided in to two groups. Group I: Socket preservation with demineralized bone matrix putty group. Group II: Naturally healed socket after extraction, followed by implant placement in both groups.
Results: The results of the current study indicated that demineralisedbone matrix putty, when used in patients for dental augmentation in either mandibular or maxillary sites, resulted in replacement of the graft material with bone by as early as 4-6 months, there upon enabling implant placement and subsequent prosthetic reconstruction.
Conclusion: Bucco lingual ridge width and width of keratinized gingiva can be preserved by ridge preservation after extraction. Short-term survival rates and clinical outcomes of both groups were similar and were comparable. Further clinical trials with longer duration follow up with larger sample size should be done to get more affirmative and conclusive results.
Public Awareness of the Need to Call the Emergency Medical Services Following the Onset of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Associated Factors in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: I. Altherwi Tawfeeq , Alhazmi Luai , A. Ahmadi Abdulsamad Yahya , M. Othathi Faisal Ali , M. Othathi Abdulaziz Ali , M. Awaji Ahmed Hussein , Y. Dabsh Mohammed Ibrahim , Ahmed H. Batt Nasser , R. Alshafey Mohammed Aboubaker , M. Alkaeeal Abdulghani Ahmed , O. Shami Mohammed 
Published: November 2021

Background: Acute Myocardial Infarction is usually a complication of an ongoing atherosclerotic pathophysiological process inside the distribution of the coronary arterial supply. For many years, acute myocardial infarction has been one of the leading causes of death worldwide. One of the major complications of acute myocardial infarction is the event of “cardiac arrest”. However, with an early approach to emergency medical services and early seeking of healthcare, the potential mortality chance can be reduced. Despite the significance of the situation and its vulnerability, delays in approaching emergency medical services exist due to variable influences. This study had investigated the reasons behind the delays and the awareness of the general public on acute myocardial infarction and its associated symptoms.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional type of research that was conducted in October 2021 through November 2021 period that invited 427 participants through social media platforms.
Results: The online questionnaire was distributed and administered by 427 subjects. The mean age of the participants was (27.62 years, SD=11.692) with a minimum age of 18 years and a maximum age of 89 years. The majority of the study participants were females (n=237, 55.5%), of those who called during the daytime, 97.4% of them have mentioned that they would call the EMS directly but when investigated about the time to wait before calling EMS, 55.3% of the participants who chose to call during the daytime would call in less than an hour.
Conclusion: For initiating public campaigns and providing the public with the consequences of an ignored myocardial infarction and the potential mortality that could be associated with delaying the emergency medicine services approach.
Topic modeling of maintenance logs for linac failure modes and trends identification
Authors: Yun Hongguang , Carlone Marco , Liu Zheng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeMedical linear accelerators (linacs) can fail in a multitude of different manners due to complex structures. An unclear identification of failure modes occurring constantly is a major obstacle to maintenance arrangements, thereby may increasing downtime. This study aims to use natural language processing techniques to deal with the unformatted maintenance logs to identify the linac failure modes and trends over time.Materials and methodsThe data used in our study are unformatted narrative maintenance logs recording linac conditions and repair actions. The latent Dirichlet allocation‐based topic modeling method was used to identify topics and keywords regarding the failure modes. The temporal analysis method was applied to examine the variation of failure modes over 20 years.ResultsBased on the output of the topic modeling, 28 topics and keywords with frequency ranking were generated automatically. The latent failure modes in topics were identified and classified into six main subsystems of linacs. Furthermore, by using the temporal analysis method, the trends of all failure modes over 20 years were illustrated. Half of the topics demonstrated variations with three different patterns, namely periodic, increasing, and decreasing.ConclusionsThe results of our study validated the effectiveness of using the topic modeling method to automatically analyze narrative maintenance logs. With domain knowledge, failure modes of linacs can be identified and categorized quantitatively.