bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-Infrared Heterojunction Field Modulated Phototransistors with Distinct Photodetection/Photostorage Switching Feature for Artificial Visuals
Authors: Wang Jun , Du Xiaoyang , Han Jiayue , Zhang Zhenghan , He Zeyu , Xie RunZhang , Shan Chong-Xin , Tao Silu , Hu Weida , Ming Yang , Gou Jun , Wu Zhiming , Jiang Yadong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the rising demand of recording, computing and image capture, advanced optoelectronic detection, storage and logic devices are highly pursued. Nevertheless, multi-functional vision chip based on infrared detection and memory switching has never been demonstrated. Here, by utilizing the electronic extraction layer ZnO and face-on orientation of D-A, we exhibit the broadband visible to near-infrared photo-response and photo-storage characters on graphene phototransistor. Functions as photodetection and photo-storage can be switched with the variation of gate voltage. The device demonstrates high photo-responsivity up to 1.88 × 106 A/W at 895 nm corresponding detectivity of 4.8 × 1012 Jones. Importantly, the rewritable and switching infrared optoelectronic memory function can be achieved with good retention over 104 s. The both retinomorphic vision and memorial preprocessing in artificial visual are simultaneously realized by photodetection/photostorage switching property. Such nearly all-solution processes in our phototransistors may open up the path for the large-scale and easy manufacturing infrared multifunctional bio-optoelectronic device.
Burnout syndrome among medical students in Kazakhstan
Authors: Bolatov Aidos K. , Seisembekov Telman Z. , Askarova Altynay Zh. , Igenbayeva Bahyt B. , Smailova Dariga S. , Hosseini Hengameh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study aims at investigating burnout and associated factors in a sample of medical students from Astana Medical University (AMU), using the Russian version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory - Student Survey (R-CBI-S), which was validated in the current study. 771 medical students responded. The study included socio-demographic and personal questions, and a tool to measure burnout. Statistical analyses included test-retest reliability, internal consistency, item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis for validation and measures of descriptive statistics, and logistic regression analysis for evaluating burnout. The R-CBI-S demonstrated good reliability and validity. The test-retest reliability showed an ICC of 0.81. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.94. R-CBI-S achieved good levels of goodness-of-fit indices (RMSEA = 0.0611; CFI = 0.940; TLI = 0.933). Overall, 28% of medical students reported burnout; R-CBI-S mean score was 40. There is no significant gender difference in burnout. On regression analysis, to be a 2nd year student, compare to dormitory students live at home or rented a house, having suicidal ideation, having thoughts of dropping out, having interpersonal relationship problems with family or friends, smoking, using alcohol were independently associated with increased risk for burnout. Enrolling in a medical university by its own decision and having satisfaction with academic performance associated with a decreasing of developing burnout syndrome. In conclusion, the test results indicated the R-CBI-S scale appears to be a reliable and valid instrument. Factors associated with burnout were identified.
Prevalence and correlates of psychological distress, unmet supportive care needs, and fear of cancer recurrence among haematological cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zomerdijk Nienke , Jongenelis Michelle , Short Camille E , Smith Andrew , Turner Jane , Huntley Kathryn 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disruptive effect on people with haematological cancers, who represent a high-risk population due to the nature of their disease and immunosuppressive treatments. We aimed to identify the psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on haematology patients and identify correlated factors to inform the development of appropriate supportive interventions.Methods 394 respondents volunteered their participation in response to a study advertisement distributed online through established haematology groups. Participants completed a self-report online survey exploring well-being, psychological distress, unmet supportive care needs, and fear of cancer recurrence.Results At least 1 in 3 respondents (35%) reported clinical levels of distress and nearly 1 in 3 (32%) identified at least one unmet need. Among respondents in remission (n = 134), clinical fear of cancer recurrence was reported by nearly all (95%). Unmet needs, pre-existing health conditions, younger age, financial concerns, and perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 were the dominant factors contributing to psychological distress during the pandemic. Psychological distress, lost income, perceived inadequate support from care team, perceived risk of contracting COVID-19, and being a woman were significantly associated with unmet needs. Psychological distress and concern about the impact of COVID-19 on cancer management were significantly associated with fear of cancer recurrence among respondents in remission.Conclusion Results highlight the high psychological burden and unmet needs experienced by people with haematological cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic and indicate a need for innovative solutions to rapidly identify distress and unmet needs during, and beyond, pandemic times.
The role of B cells in regulation of Th cell differentiation in Coxsackievirus B3-Induced Acute Myocarditis
Authors: Cen Zhihong , Li Yong , Wei Bin , Wu Weifeng , Huang Yanlan , Lu Jing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background:Viral myocarditis (VMC) is the major cause of sudden death in adolescents. To date, no effective treatment has been identified for VMC. Studies have shown that T helper (Th) cells such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and Th22 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of VMC. However, the role of B cells and their impact on Th cells in VMC is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of B cells in Th cell differentiation in myocardial damage in an animal model of VMC.Methods and Results:C57BL/6 mice were infected with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) intraperitoneally or injected with phosphate-buffered saline as a control condition. At day 7, samples from these mice were analyzed by histology, ELISA, flow cytometry, and gene expression assays. We found that TNF-α-, IL-6-, and IL-17-producing B cell numbers were significantly increased, while IL-4-producing B cell population was significantly reduced in acute VMC. Furthermore, we performed B cell knockout (BKO), SCID, and SCID+B cells reconstitution experiments. We found that BKO alleviated the cardiac damage following CVB3 infection, may hamper the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells, may promote the differentiation of Th2 cells, and proved ineffective for the differentiation of Th22 cells. In contrast, SCID+B cells reconstitution experiment exacerbated the cardiac damage. Ex vivo studies further revealed that B cells promote the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells and inhibit the differentiation of Th2 cells.Conclusions:Our study shows that B cells are activated and have strong abilities of antigen presentation and producing cytokines in VMC; B cells not only play a pathogenic role in VMC independent of T cells, but also promote Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation, and hamper Th2 cell differentiation in VMC.
Modeling and Prediction of the Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19 Based on the SINDy-LM Method
Authors: Jiang Yu-Xin , Du Lin , Xiong Xiong , Zhang Shuo , Wang Jia-Xiang , Li Jia-Chun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The transmission dynamics of COVID-19 is investigated in this study. A SINDy-LM modeling method that can effectively balance model complexity and prediction accuracy is proposed based on data-driven technique. First, the Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamical systems (SINDy) method is used to discover and describe the nonlinear functional relationship between the dynamic terms in the model in accordance with the observation data of the COVID-19 epidemic. Moreover, the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm is utilized to optimize the obtained model for improving the accuracy of the SINDy algorithm. Second, the obtained model, which is consistent with the logistic model in mathematical form with small errors and high robustness, is leveraged to review the epidemic situation in China. Otherwise, the evolution of the epidemic in Australia and Egypt is predicted, which demonstrates that this method has universality for constructing the global COVID-19 model. The proposed model is also compared with the extreme learning machine (ELM), which shows that the prediction accuracy of the SINDy-LM method outperforms that of the ELM method and the generated model has higher sparsity.
Effectiveness of sirolimus in a patient with a novel heterozygous FAS mutation leading to severe autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
Authors: Gu Hao , Chen Zhenping , Ma Jie , Ma Jingyao , Fu Lingling , Zhang Rui , Wang Tianyou , Wu Runhui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Here we report a patient with a novel mutation in the FAS gene associated with a severe phenotype of the autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. FAS gene identified as a novel spontaneous somatic heterozygous missense mutation (c.857G > A, p.G286E) in exon 9, causing an amino acid exchange was identified using sequencing. Consequently, the treatment with sirolimus (1mg/d, blood concentration 5-15ng/L) was initiated. Subsequently, the patient’s platelet count and clinical condition improved rapidly. Moreover, our in vitro data showed that G286E could inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis compared with the wild type. To sum up, these data indicated that defective apoptosis might contribute to the clinical phenotype of lymphoproliferation in FAS deficient patients. The polarization of DNT/Treg axis may be an operative target of the sirolimus application.
Stability and Dynamical Analysis of Generalized Tumor-Immune Interaction Model with Conformable Fractional Derivative
Authors: Pal Rimpi , Afroz  , Khan Ayub , PADDER MOHMAD AUSIF 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Fractional order tumor-immune interaction models are being frequently used for understanding the complex behaviour of immune system and tumor growth. In this paper, a generalized fractional order tumor-immune interaction model has been developed by introducing immunotherapy (IL2) as third variable in the model. The study of generalized model is done by using conformable fractional order derivative. The stability analysis is done for both fractional order tumor model and its conformable fractional order version. By considering some biological fixed points for both versions of the model, the stability analysis around these fixed points shows that both the systems are stable at some fixed point under some stability conditions, which are defined in the model analysis. The numerical and graphical analysis is also done for both the systems by varying two parameters and keeping other parameters fixed for better understanding the dynamics of proposed model.
Preparation of low-toxic cadmium selenide nanoparticles using the plant extract: A comparative study on the extraction techniques, characterization, biological potentials
Authors: Rajabi Hamidreza , Alvand Zinab Moradi , Mirzaei Ali , Sajadiasl Farideh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The present study reported a green approach for sonochemical-assisted synthesis (SAS) of cadmium selenide nanoparticles (CdSe NPs) by using the aqueous extract of Leontice Leontopetalum plant. The aqueous extract was obtained by ultrasonic- assisted extraction (UAE; 15 min, 50°C) and microwave- assisted extraction (MAE; 15 min, 180, and 270 W) as two instrumental techniques. Next, the as-prepared aqueous extracts were used in a plant-mediated synthetic approach for the synthesis of CdSe NPs by applying the SAS technique. The synthesized samples were characterized via different techniques; including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible absorption; photoluminescence, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The average particle size of the prepared CdSe NPs was estimated below 50 nm. UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence techniques indicate a wide absorption band around 360–420 nm and an intense emission peak around 460 nm, respectively. After green synthesis and characterization, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antifungal properties of the aqueous plant extracts as well as their corresponded CdSe NPs were evaluated by different assays, comparatively. Moreover, the genotoxicity and toxicity potential of the samples were investigated. The results indicate the significant antimicrobial activity of the extracts as well as the CdSe NPs, with the negligible toxicity and genotoxicity impacts.
C-ALB - Collaborative Assembly Line Balancing: A New Approach in Cobot Solutions
Authors: Boschetti Giovanni , Faccio Maurizio , Milanese Mattia , Minto Riccardo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Collaborative robots can be a proper solution to improve the throughput of manual systems without reducing their flexibility. To effectively use cobots in productive systems it is fundamental to develop a suitable task allocation model that considers collaboration. Hence, we present a model for collaborative assembly line balancing (C-ALB) which considers paralleling tasks and collaboration in the balancing resolution. Indexes that take into account both the product and process characteristics are defined to evaluate the quality of the proposed task allocation model and comparing it to others. The results confirm the influence of the product characteristics on the system performance, leading to the definition of a new paradigm for product design.
Awareness Of Skin Cancer And Practice Of Photoprotective Behaviours Among Medical Students
Authors: Revelles-Peñas Leonor , Dompablo José María García , Puebla-Tornero Laura , Revilla-Nebreda David , Rodríguez-Baeza Daniel , Conde-Ferreirós Alberto , Román-Curto Concepción , Cañueto Javier 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Skin cancer is a serious health problem in our society, and UV radiation is the most significant agent in its development. Photoprotection and awareness of the risks of developing skin cancer are the basic pillars in its prevention. As future healthcare professionals, medical students’ knowledge of these questions is likely to influence the effectiveness with which they can promote appropriate behavior regarding sun exposure among their patients. Our objective was to assess the knowledge and awareness of photoprotection among medical students and their behavior regarding sun exposure.Methods: A Google questionnaire comprising 54 questions about the risks of skin cancer and photoprotective habits was developed. 228 participants were recruited to the study, of whom sixth-year and fourth-year students were the most and least strongly represented groups, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.Results: Significantly more fifth- and sixth-year students had knowledge of the meaning of the sun protection factor (SPF) than those in pre-clinical years (P=0.006), and more of them were aware of the risks of developing skin cancer (P=0.039). A higher percentage of female than male students took FPS into account when buying sunscreen (P=0.023), and male students are more likely to be reluctant to apply sunscreen than female students (P=0.022). A higher proportion of women than men in the study used sunscreen for outdoor activities (P=0.015).Conclusions: Prevention of sun overexposure is a public health priority, and medical students will be in charge of informing the general population in the future. Most students who are currently studying medicine have some knowledge of skin cancer prevention, although there are significant differences between sexes and year of study. However, their behavior indicates that their knowledge does not consistently translate from theory into practice.
Mesoscale and Wind-Driven Variability in The East Auckland Current
Authors: Santana Rafael , Suanda Sutara H. , Macdonald Helen , O’Callaghan Joanne 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
East Auckland Current (EAuC) variability was studied using a year-long timeseries of in situ and remotely-sensed velocity, temperature and salinity observations. Satellite-derived velocities correlated well (r > 0.75) with in situ observations and well-represent the long-term (> 30 day) variability of the upper ocean circulation. Four mesoscale eddies were observed during the year (for 260 days) which generated distinct flows between the continental slope and rise. The EAuC dominated the circulation in the continental shelf break, slope and rise for 110 days and generated the most energetic events associated with wind forcing. Current variability on the continental slope was coherent with along-slope wind stress (wind stress curl) at periods between 4 and 12 days (16 and 32 days). We suggest that along-slope winds generated offshore Ekman transport, uplift on the shelf-break, and a downwind geostrophic jet on the slope. In contrast, positive wind stress curl caused convergence of water, downwelling, and increased the current speed in the region. Bottom Ekman transport, generated by the EAuC, was suggested to have caused the largest temperature anomaly (-1.5°C) at the continental shelf-break.
Metagenomic analysis of microbial community structure and function in a improved biofilter with odorous gases
Authors: Ni Jianguo , Chen Liqing , Xu Jiadong , Zheng Liangwei , Xie Guojian , Shen Chenjia , Liu Qi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBiofilters have been broadly applied to degrade the odorous gases from industrial emissions. To explore biofilter potentials, the microbial community structure and function must be well defined. Using of improved biofilter, changes in microbial community structures and functions were investigated by metagenomic analysis. ResultsOdorous gases have the potential to alter the microbial community structure in the sludge of biofilter. A total of 90,016 unigenes assigned into various functional metabolic pathways were identified. In the improved biofilter, the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi, and the dominant were Thioalkalivibrio, Thauera, and Pseudomonas. Several xenobiotic biodegradation-related pathways showed significant changes during the treatment process. Compared with the original biofilter, Thermotogae and Crenarchaeota phyla were significantly up-regulated in the improved biofilter, suggesting its important role in nitrogen-fixing. Furthermore, nitrogen metabolic pathway-related genes, such as nirA and nifA, and sulfur metabolic pathway-related genes, such as fccB and phsA, were considered to be efficient genes involved in removing odorous gases. ConclusionsOur findings can be used for improving the efficiency of biofilter and helping the industrial enterprises to reduce the emission of waste gas.
Assessing The Cost of Medical Care For Patients Hospitalized After A Stroke Event in Gabon
Authors: LIPENGUET Gaetan MOUKOUMBI , AMANI Prudence GNAMIEN , IBINGA Euloge , Engohang-Ndong Jean , NGOUNGOU Edgard Brice NGOUNGO , WITTWER Jérôme 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The increasing incidence of recorded stroke cases is straining the economies of many developing countries. Very few studies have assessed the financial burden of stroke management in Gabon. The aim of this study was to assess the direct costs of stroke management in the neurology and cardiology departments at the University Hospital of Libreville.Methods: This retrospective study was based on a detailed review of financial records directly associated with the management of stroke cases admitted and treated in the CHUL between January 2018 and December 2019. The records reviewed were those of all stroke patients admitted and treated in the aforementioned timeframe, regardless of treatment outcome. The analysis of data focused on direct hospital cost.Results: Three hundred and thirteen stroke patients were admitted over the aforementioned period, 72.52% in neurology and 27.48% in cardiology. The average age of the patients was 58.44 (± 13.73) years. 56.23% of patients had health insurance. Ischemic stroke was more common than hemorrhagic stroke, 79.55% and 20.45% respectively. The expenditure per patient was estimated at 570,023 CFA francs.Of this global direct cost, government assistance in the form of health insurance was estimated at 422,883 CFA francs while the balance of approximately 147,140 CFA francs was paid by the patient.Conclusion: The hospital cost of stroke is very high for both patients and administrations. This observation pleads for the implementation of prevention programs for this pathology. The results of this study may be useful for work on the efficiency of these programs.
High-level Exposure of Uric Acid in Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia Could Be An Isolated Risk Factors of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cheng Zhiyuan , Zheng Tongzhang , Zhang Desheng , Yang Jingli , Hu Xiaobin , Yin Chun , Ren Xiaowei , Li Juansheng , shi dian , Li Na , Zheng Shan , Wang Minzhen , Bai Yana 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Whether the asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) raises the risk of cardiovascular disease with or without hyperuricemia-related comorbidities still remains contentious. Our study was aimed to quantitatively access the incidence risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke associated with AH.Methods: Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were applied to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Serum uric acid beyond normouricemia was quarterly stratified based on the distribution of healthy population without CVD onset.Results: 1,062 CVD first attack cases were collected among the 48,001 cohort participants (age range: 18-92, mean age: 47.2±13.9 years-old) with a mean follow-up duration of 5.78±0.83 years. 14,464 baseline population with comorbidities were excluded to further study the association between AH and CVD incidence. The AH showed overall non-association with CVD incident. However, significantly increased adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of CVD with 95% confidence interval (CI) were observed when the fourth quartile compared with normouricemia stratum in the total cohort population (CHD: 1.70, 1.34-2.16; stroke: 1.55, 1.13-2.13), male (CHD: 1.94, 1.47-2.56), female (CHD: 1.71, 1.03-2.35; stroke: 2.02, 1.14-3.58) and aged over 50 years-old population. Meanwhile, the age-standardized incidence rate of CVD in the fourth quartile was 2 to 3 time higher than the normouricemia population. Consistent results were also observed in the AH population in absence of comorbidities (CHD: 2.40, 1.39-4.14; stroke: 1.85, 1.12-3.59).Conclusion: Asymptomatic hyperuricemia patients exposed to higher level of uric acid (male>487 mmol/L, female>422 mmol/L) could significantly increase the incidence risk of CHD and stroke, with or without hyperuricemia-related comorbidities.