bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of self‐monitoring of salt intake by salt meter in hypertensive patients: A randomized controlled trial (SMAL‐SALT)
Authors: Wiriyatanakorn Sirichai , Mukdadilok Anucha , Kantachuvesiri Surasak , Mekhora Chusana , Yingchoncharoen Teerapat 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSalt intake over reference level would result in elevated blood pressure (BP) and long‐term morbidity. Salt meter is a device used to detect sodium content in daily food. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of salt‐meter addition to dietary education. The authors conducted a randomized‐controlled trial in hypertensive patients with uncontrolled BP (systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg). Patients were randomized to receive salt meter plus dietary education (group A) or education only (group B), and followed up for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was change in 24‐h urinary sodium excretion. Changes in BP, salt taste sensitivity, cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI) were also analyzed. There were total number of 90 patients who had complete follow‐up, 45 in each group. Mean age was 62.9 years and 53% were females. Mean baseline 24‐h urine sodium was 151.6 mmol/24 h and mean SBP and DBP were 152.8 and 83.4 mmHg, respectively. Baseline characteristics were similar between two groups. At 8 weeks, mean change in urine sodium were –31.83 mmol/24 h and 0.36 mmol/24 h in group A and group B, respectively (p = .006). Mean decrease in BP were SBP, 14.44 versus 8.22 mmHg (p = .030), and DBP 5.53 versus 1.93 mmHg (p = .032). The salt sensitivity was improved more in group A. There was no different between change in CAVI. From this study, salt meter in conjunction with dietary education, for self‐monitoring of salt intake is superior to education alone in hypertensive patients, and provided better blood pressure control. Salt meter should be considered in uncontrolled hypertensive patients.
Simple derivation of skeletal muscle from human pluripotent stem cells using temperature‐sensitive Sendai virus vector
Authors: Tan Ghee Wan , Kondo Takayuki , Imamura Keiko , Suga Mika , Enami Takako , Nagahashi Ayako , Tsukita Kayoko , Inoue Ikuyo , Kawaguchi Jitsutaro , Shu Tsugumine , Inoue Haruhisa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHuman pluripotent stem cells have the potential to differentiate into various cell types including skeletal muscles (SkM), and they are applied to regenerative medicine or in vitro modelling for intractable diseases. A simple differentiation method is required for SkM cells to accelerate neuromuscular disease studies. Here, we established a simple method to convert human pluripotent stem cells into SkM cells by using temperature‐sensitive Sendai virus (SeV) vector encoding myoblast determination protein 1 (SeV‐Myod1), a myogenic master transcription factor. SeV‐Myod1 treatment converted human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into SkM cells, which expressed SkM markers including myosin heavy chain (MHC). We then removed the SeV vector by temporal treatment at a high temperature of 38℃, which also accelerated mesodermal differentiation, and found that SkM cells exhibited fibre‐like morphology. Finally, after removal of the residual human ESCs by pluripotent stem cell‐targeting delivery of cytotoxic compound, we generated SkM cells with 80% MHC positivity and responsiveness to electrical stimulation. This simple method for myogenic differentiation was applicable to human‐induced pluripotent stem cells and will be beneficial for investigations of disease mechanisms and drug discovery in the future.
Pregestational diabetes mediates the association between maternal obesity and the risk of congenital heart defects
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Xia , Ge Ru‐Xiu , Huang Le , Tian Fu‐Ying , Chen Yi‐Xuan , Wu Lin‐Lin , Niu Jian‐Min 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe aimed to explore whether the association between obesity and congenital heart defects (CHDs) can be mediated by maternal pregestational diabetes (PGDM).Materials and MethodsWe included 53,708 mother‐infant pairs with deliveries between 2017 and 2019 from the Birth Cohort in Shenzhen. Mothers were categorized into four groups: the underweight group (body mass index [BMI] <18.5), normal weight group (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24), overweight group (24 ≤ BMI < 28) and obesity group (BMI ≥28). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between BMI and CHDs. Mediation analysis was used to confirm the effect of PGDM on the association between maternal obesity and CHDs.ResultsThe proportion of obese individuals in the Birth Cohort in Shenzhen was 2.11%. Overall, 372 (0.69%) infants were diagnosed with CHDs. Maternal obesity was associated with an increased risk of CHDs (odds ratio 1.97, 95% confidence interval 1.14–3.41). The mediation effect of PGDM on the association between maternal obesity and CHDs was significant (odds ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.32). The estimated mediation proportion was 24.83%.ConclusionsMaternal obesity was associated with increased risk for CHDs, and PGDM partially mediated the association between maternal obesity and CHDs.
Patterns of bird song evolution on islands support the character release hypothesis in tropical but not in temperate latitudes
Authors: Robert Aloïs , Melo Martim , Lengagne Thierry , Julien Sacha , Gomez Doris , Doutrelant Claire 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe character release hypothesis—which predicts that a decline in interspecific competition leads to the expansion of trait expression—remains to be tested for communication signals. Taking advantage of the fact that oceanic islands host fewer species than the mainland, we tested whether island birds show an increase in frequency bandwidth of acoustic signals compared with mainland birds. Given the higher animal diversity and more saturated acoustic space in the tropics, we expected acoustic character release, if any, to be stronger in the tropics than in the temperate zone. We field recorded 22 bird species (11 pairs consisting of an endemic island species and its closest mainland relative) breeding at similar latitudes and in similar habitats: six tropical pairs (São Tomé Island/Mount Cameroon) and five temperate pairs (Madeira Island/southern France). For each species, we measured the degree of acoustic interference experienced when vocalizing and the spectral characteristics of its song (minimum and maximum frequencies, bandwidth). As expected, island species spent more time vocalizing alone, and any overlap in vocalizations involved fewer species. The vocalizations of island species spanned broader frequency bandwidths than their mainland counterparts in the tropics (true for all six pairs), but this pattern was less evident in the temperate region (2/5 pairs with no marked differences and 1/5 with opposite pattern). Overall, the character release of communication signals only occurred where the differential in number of species was large (tropics). We discuss latitude differences and the potential factors driving the observed differences.
Physico‐mechanical properties of unripe grape berries relevant in the design of juicing machine
Authors: Mirzabe Amir Hossein , Hajiahmad Ali 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo optimally design post‐harvest handling and processing equipment for unripe green grape berries, it is necessary to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the product. In the current study, dimensional (by image processing), gravimetrical, frictional, and aerodynamic (by image processing) properties of unripe green grape berries affected by storage time (31 days in refrigerator) were investigated. Besides, rupture force, rupture energy, elasticity modulus, toughness, hardness, maximum compressive contact stress, Poisson's ratio (by image processing), and shear modulus in horizontal and vertical loading under different moisture content and loading rate levels were measured. Moreover, to model loading and stress‐relaxation behavior of bulk berries, berries were poured into cylinder and compressed. Effects of cylinder diameter, loading rate, the height of layers, and number of layers on loading and stress‐relaxation behavior were investigated. During storage, as the moisture content decreased from 94.57 to 83.88% (w.b.), dimensions and mass of the berries decreased while bulk density and true density increased. With decreasing the moisture, friction angles on galvanized, iron, and rubber were ranged from 22.43° to 26.73°, from 25.38° to 28.53°, and from 29.7° to 34.2°, respectively. Filling angle of repose ranged from 13.44° to 17.65° and emptying angle of repose ranged from 13.95° to 18.33°. In the mentioned moisture range, terminal velocity increased from 0.202 to 0.275 m s−1, and drag coefficient increased from 0.180 to 0.272. Reducing moisture content and increasing rupture energy of the fruits during storage indicates that berries' juice should be extracted immediately after harvest.Practical ApplicationsUnripe grape berries with a sour taste can be processed into several sour sauce and verjuice products. Therefore, determining the physical properties of unripe grape berries is essential for the design of harvesting and post‐harvesting equipment. The current work aims to determine unripe grape berries' physical and mechanical properties to recognize their relevance in physico‐mechanical processing. Some of the necessary information for designing and manufacturing harvesting and post‐harvesting machines is provided in this research. Thus, the results provided in the present study would contribute to improving juice extractors, sorters, separators, cleaners, storage structures, dryers, aeration equipment, conveyors, pneumatic elevators, and so forth, designed for the unripe grape berries.
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in Women: Physiology, Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Pettigrew Jessica A. , Novick Andrew M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNearly half of women in the United States report problems with sexual function. Many health care providers do not ask about sexual concerns during routine clinical encounters because of personal discomfort, lack of familiarity with treatment, or the belief that they lack adequate time to address this complex issue. This may be especially true for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), the most commonly identified sexual problem among women. HSDD is characterized by a deficiency of sexual thoughts, feelings, or receptiveness to sexual stimulation that has been present for at least 6 months, causes personal distress, and is not due to another medical condition. This is an up‐to‐date overview of HSDD for clinicians, discussing its physiology, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Although a definitive physiology of HSDD is still unknown, multiple hormones and neurotransmitters likely participate in a dual‐control model to balance excitation and inhibition of sexual desire. For assessment and diagnosis, validated screening tools are discussed, and the importance of a biopsychosocial assessment is emphasized, with guidance on how this can be implemented in clinical encounters. The 2 recently approved medications for HSDD, flibanserin and bremelanotide, are reviewed as well as off‐label treatments. Overall, HSDD represents a common yet likely underrecognized disorder that midwives and other health care providers who care for women across the life span are in a unique position to address.
The revolution of cosmeceuticals delivery by using nanotechnology: A narrative review of advantages and side effects
Authors: Abu Hajleh Maha N. , Abu‐Huwaij Rana , AL‐Samydai Ali , Al‐Halaseh Lidia Kamal , Al‐Dujaili Emad A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe qualified and paradigm jump in the formulation and production of cosmeceuticals refer in some way to the great revolution in nanotechnology. Nowadays, the industry of nano‐formulated cosmeceuticals plays a significant and essential role in the evolution and growth of the pharmaceutical industries. This review manuscript focuses on the use of nanocarriers in delivering the cosmetic agents into the target area such as skin, hair, and nails.MethodsMany steps were performed in the preparation of this review including identification of different classes of nanocarriers for delivery of nanocosmeceuticals, literature survey of relevantstudies regarding the applications of nanotechnology in cosmeceuticals and their toxicological effects.ResultsWhen nanoparticles introduced in the cosmetic industry, the quality and the elegance of the final products were raised significantly. Sadly, this revolution is accompanied by many health hazards as these tiny molecules can penetrate intact skin barriers and cause undesired effects. Cosmeceuticals with nanotechnology include sunscreens, hair cleansing products, nail products, and agents fighting fine lines.ConclusionsThe expansion and growth of the cosmetic industry and the introduction of nanotechnology in cosmeceuticals industry necessitates the urgent need for scientific research investigating their efficacy, safety profile and use.
A minimalistic approach for effective lip augmentation—A case report
Authors: Goel Anupriya , Rai Kritika 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLip augmentation using dermal fillers is a widely performed procedure, which gives immediate and gratifying results. However, the cost associated with it is a major concern and reservation for a lot of patients. An innovative minimalistic technique can be used to enhance the lips using minimal amount of filler to provide maximum results, especially in aging lips. Though a simple and effective method, this technique has not yet gained popularity worldwide.AimTo present a case demonstrating a new and innovative technique for lip augmentation as a part of lower face rejuvenation.MethodA 55‐year‐old female patient underwent augmentation of lips using the described technique. Since she had a limited budget, treatment was planned to rejuvenate her face in just 1 ml of filler. Areas on the face which would give maximum impact with minimal amount of filler were treated. Treatment was done using Juvederm Ultra Plus XC (JUVX+; 24 mg/ml) dermal filler.ResultsUsing this technique, we were able to demonstrate that a small quantity of filler when used suitably with an understanding of the areas of concern could provide an impact on the overall rejuvenation.ConclusionThe described technique is an effective method of lip enhancement with minimal cost, especially in aging patients. Skillful application of a suitable injection technique is required to achieve a desired esthetic outcome.
The effects on adventitious root formation caused by chrysanthemum stunt viroid in Chrysanthemum morifolium and C. seticuspe
Authors: Osaka Masaaki , Itabashi Takeru , Chiba Naoki , Sumitomo Katsuhiko , Matsushita Yosuke 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) is a disease agent caused by a viroid from the genus Pospiviroid. The CSVd pathogen infects chrysanthemum plants and causes severe symptoms of stunting and significant yield loss in cultivation. Although many studies have focussed on this issue, the mechanism of CSVd‐infection remains to be clarified. In particular, the effects of CSVd on the underground parts of infected plants are not yet fully understood in Chrysanthemum. Here, we investigated whether the effects of CSVd on the root formation of infected plants varies among cultivars and wild Chrysanthemum species, C. morifolium and C. seticuspe, using transcribed RNA and in vitro assays. Furthermore, to compare infected plants with uninoculated plants, we assessed the symptoms and measured the CSVd RNA accumulation levels in several tissues using RT‐qPCR. Our findings indicated that CSVd‐infected plants exhibited severe root formation symptoms in both C. morifolium and C. seticuspe. RT‐qPCR revealed CSVd accumulation in the root tips and similar patterns of CSVd accumulation in each organ of C. morifolium and C. seticuspe. We propose that in vitro assays are useful for determining root formation in CSVd‐infected chrysanthemum plants. Such investigations are necessary to better understand CSVd infection in Chrysanthemum species and plant defences against such diseases.
Design thinking implementation for innovation: An organization's journey to ambidexterity
Authors: Randhawa Krithika , Nikolova Natalia , Ahuja Sumati , Schweitzer Jochen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImplementing design thinking for innovation (DTI) is seen as a way to balance exploration and exploitation, and thus attain an ambidextrous innovation portfolio. Yet, transitioning to ambidexterity is challenging, and is often met with inertia. So how can managers implement DTI as a path toward ambidextrous innovation? In this article, based on an in‐depth longitudinal case study of a leading Australian property development firm and drawing on rich primary and secondary data collected over four years, we examine how middle managers leveraged DTI to respond to inertia generatively, and how this process helped shift the cognitive frame of the organization toward ambidexterity. In our case, the middle manager implemented three DTI practices—(1) creative problem‐solving, (2) sprint execution, and (3) creative confidence— to transition the organization's cognitive frame from an explorative to exploitative, to ultimately an ambidextrous innovation frame. Our argument is that these DTI practices trigger three generative mechanisms—frame flexibility, co‐optation, and collective sensemaking—to support this transition. Drawing on these insights, we develop a process framework of how different DT practices and related generative mechanisms can be deployed flexibly to adapt to the interim (explorative and exploitative) innovation objectives over time. We argue that freezing the innovation frame in each phase can trigger a generative response to inertia, which enables the organization to transition more radically to an ambidextrous innovation portfolio. We thus contribute to the limited design thinking research on the role of cognition in DTI implementation, and more generally to innovation management and ambidexterity research on how leveraging DTI to achieve an ambidextrous innovation portfolio is an emergent and adaptive process.
Age‐related changes in thyroid hormones, some serum oxidative biomarkers and trace elements and their relationships in healthy Saanen goat kids during the first three month of age
Authors: Valavi Elham , Zaeemi Mahdieh , Mohri Mehrdad 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundEarly‐life diseases in dairy animals are main causes of economic loss in livestock production. Oxidative stress (OS) and thyroid hormones are important inter‐related components in the normal physiology of this critical period of life. However, limited information regarding their physiology in goat kids is available. This study was conducted to investigate the age‐related changes of thyroid hormones, some serum oxidative biomarkers and trace elements in healthy Saanen goat kids.MethodsNineteen newborn healthy Saanen goat kids (14 females and five males) were studied longitudinally from birth until three months of age. Blood sampling was performed 24–48 h after birth and was repeated on 10 ± 2, 28 ± 2, 56 ± 2 and 84 ± 2 days of age. The serum levels of thyroid hormones, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), selenium (Se), manganese (Mn) and molybdenum (Mo) were measured.ResultsAge‐related changes were observed for all measured variables except for MDA (p < 0.05). A decreasing trend was detected throughout the study in thyroid hormones, T3: T4 ratio and Mn (p < 0.01). Some factors decreased from birth to day 10 (Se) or day 28 (TAC and GSH) and followed by an increasing trend that extended to day 84 (p < 0.01). There were significant correlations between thyroid hormones and TAC, as well as Mn levels (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThese results imply that specific age‐related reference values are essential for proper interpretation of the serum level of thyroid hormones and Mn in Saanen goat kids during the first three months of life. In addition, given the high level of thyroid hormones particularly during the first days of life, and their relationship with oxidative biomarkers and trace elements, improving the antioxidant system in this critical period is essential.
Regeneration of rat periodontium by cementum protein 1‐derived peptide
Authors: Hoz Lía , López Sonia , Zeichner‐David Margarita , Arzate Higinio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveCementum protein 1 (CEMP1) has the capacity to promote differentiation of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells toward a cementoblastic phenotype in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo. In this study, we tested the capabilities of a synthetic cementum protein 1‐derived peptide, MGTSSTDSQQAGHRRCSTSN (CEMP1‐p1), to promote regeneration of periodontal structures in a periodontal fenestration defect in rats.Material and methodsFenestration defects were created using an extra‐oral approach in the buccal aspect of the mandibular first molar roots. Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Two controls (defects non‐treated or defects treated with a gelatin matrix scaffold [GMS] only) and the experimental group treated with 5 µg/dose of CEMP1‐p1 embedded in GMS. After 28 days, the animals were sacrificed, and the mandibles processed for histopathological examination. Expression of cementum proteins, cementum attachment protein (CAP), CEMP1, integrin binding sialoprotein (IBSP), and osteocalcin (OCN), was assessed using immunofluorescence. The formation of new cementum, bone, and PDL fibers were compared between control and experimental groups.ResultsThe histological analysis revealed that the control group without any treatment new cementum or oriented PDL fibers were not observed. However, the presence of newly bone was detected. In the control group treated with GMS, new cementum formation was not detectable, the PDL fibers were oriented parallel to the longitudinal root axis, and new bone formation was observed. The experimental group showed deposit of acellular extrinsic fiber cementum (AEFC) in a lamellae‐like feature with inserted Sharpey’s fibers, formation of cellular mixed stratified cementum (CMSC) with the presence of cementocytes, and newly formed bone close to the cementum‐enamel junction. Cementoblast cells adjacent to new cementum expressed CAP, CEMP1, IBSP, and OCN.ConclusionThese studies show that CEMP1‐p1 promotes the formation of AEFC, CMSC, new PDL with Sharpey’s fibers inserted in cementum and bone, thus providing strong evidence that the synthetic peptide CEMP1‐p1 promotes periodontal regeneration in a rat fenestration model.