bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knockdown of SERPINB2 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway
Authors: Hang Kai , Ying Li , Bai Jinwu , Wang Yibo , Kuang Zhihui , Xue Dating , Pan Zhijun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Globally, bone fractures are the most common musculoskeletal trauma, and approximately 8–10% of cases that fall into the categories of delayed or non-union healing. Treatment of impaired healing in these patients not only represents a tremendous burden on healthcare systems but also increases patients’ pain and financial burdens. To date, there are no efficient pharmacological agents to accelerate the healing of bone fractures. Thus, it is necessary to find new strategies that accelerate bone healing and reduce the incidence of non-union or delayed fracture healing. Previous studies have revealed that the plasminogen activation system has been demonstrated to play an important role in bone metabolism. However, the function of SERPINB2 in the osteogenesis of hBMSCs remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of Apelin on osteogenic differentiation. Methods We investigated the osteogenesis effects of hBMSCs by both exogenous SERPINB2 protein and SERPINB2 silencing in vitro. Cell proliferation assay was used to assess the effect of exogenous SERPINB2 or SERPINB2 silencing on proliferation of hBMSCs. qPCR and Western blotting analysis detected the expression of target genes and proteins respectively. ALP staining was used to evaluated ALP activity and Alizarin Red staining (ARS) was used to evaluate mineral deposition. In vivo, a murie tibial fracture model was established, histological evaluation and radiographic analysis was used to confirm the therapeutic effects of SERPINB2 silencing in fracture healing. statistical significance between two groups was determined by Student’s t test, one-way ANOVA or Bonferroni’s post-hoc test according to the distribution of the tested population.Results The addition of exogenous SERPINB2 protein inhibted osteoblast differentiation of hBMSCs in vitro, while SERPINB2 gene silencing significant promote osteoblast differentiation of hBMSCs in vitro. And silence SERPINB2 gene also increased mineral deposits. Moreover, β-catenin levels were up-regulated by SERPINB2 gene depletion. And the enhancement of osteogenic differentiation induced by SERPINB2 silencing was almost inhibited by specific Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitors. In a murine tibial fracture model, local injection of SERPINB2 siRNA improved bone fracture healing. Conclusions Taken together, these findings indicate that SERPINB2 silencing promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and silenced SERPINB2 in vivo effectively promotes fracture healing, suggesting that SERPINB2 may be a novel target for bone fracture healing.
Blood circulatory level of seven sirtuins in Alzheimer’s disease: Potent biomarker based on translational research
Authors: Pradhan Rashmita , Singh Abhinay Kumar , Kumar Pramod , Bajpai Swati , Pathak Mona , Chatterjee Prasun , Dwivedi Sadanand , Dey A.B. , Dey Sharmistha 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an accelerating neurodegenerative disorder. Dysfunction of mitochondria and oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of AD. Sirtuins play a role in this pathway and can be a potential marker to study neurodegenerative changes. This study evaluated serum levels of all seven sirtuins (SIRT1 – SIRT7) proteins in three study groups: AD, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Geriatric Control (GC) by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technique. Further, it was validated by the Western blot experiment. ROC analysis was performed to differentiate the study group based on the concentration of serum SIRT proteins. Out of seven sirtuins, serum SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6 levels (mean ± SD) were significantly decreased in AD (1.65 ± 0.56, 3.15 ± 0.28, 3.36 ± 0.32ng/µl); compare to MCI (2.17 ± 0.39, 3.60 ± 0.51, 3.73 ± 0.48ng/µl) and GC (2.84 ± 0.47, 4.55 ± 0.48, 4.65 ± 0.55ng/µl). ROC analysis showed the cut-off value with high sensitivity and specificity for cognitive impairment (AD and MCI). The concentration declined significantly with the disease progression. No specific difference was observed in case of other SIRTS between the study groups. This study reveals an inverse relation of serum SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6 concentration with AD. ROC analysis showed that these serum proteins have greater accuracy in diagnosing of AD. This is the first report of estimation of all seven serum sirtuins and the clinical relevance of SIRT3 and SIRT6 as serum protein markers for AD.
Predictors and microbiology of ventriculostomy-associated infections: A retrospective study of 216 patients
Authors: Kim Junhyung , Kim Jae Ho , Lee Woosung , Han Hyun Jin , Park Keun Young , Chung Joonho , Kim Yong Bae , Joo Jin Yang , Park Sang Kyu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Ventriculostomy-associated infection (VAI) is a serious complication of external ventricular drainage (EVD). Infection rates and risk factors are variable in the literature due to heterogeneity of EVD procedures and management. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of VAI and its associated factors in two institutions with identical EVD procedural and management protocols.METHODS: The authors reviewed the medical records of patients older than 18 years who received EVD placements between January 2015 and December 2020 in two institutions under a single healthcare system. RESULTS: A total of 216 patients with 328 catheters was included for analysis. Twenty-three VAIs were identified, a 10.6% VAI rate. VAI was associated with a shorter duration of first EVD (9.7 days vs. 11.8 days, P = 0.018), a longer total EVD duration (28.0 days vs. 16.1 days, P < 0.001), a longer procedural time (72 minutes vs. 40 minutes, P < 0.001), catheterization at non-Kocher’s points (34.7% vs. 12.5%, P = 0.010), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak (8.7% vs. 1.6%, P = 0.030), craniotomy (87.0% vs. 61.7%, P = 0.020), and other systemic infections (30.4% vs. 9.3%, P = 0.012). On multivariate analysis, the first EVD duration (OR = 0.095, P < 0.001), total EVD duration (OR 1.128, P < 0.001), EVD placement at non-Kocher’s point (OR 4.545, P = 0.012), and other systemic infections (OR = 5.117, P = 0.024) were associated independently with VAI. There was no statistical difference in VAI rate between patients with or without prophylactic EVD exchange at 14 days (6.8% vs. 12.6%, P = 0.247).CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant systemic infection and placement of an EVD catheter at a non-Kocher’s point were independently associated with VAI. Prophylactic EVD exchange at 14 days did not lower VAI rate.
Susceptibility of African Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to selected pyrethroid Insecticides on Cotton
Authors: Alemu Zemedkun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
AbstractHelicoverpa armigera is a major threat for all cotton production areas in Ethiopia. Pests control with insecticides from a single chemistry group is common practice in most cotton farms, which may help to the development of insecticide resistance. The studies aimed to determine the susceptibility of the field population of H. armigera to pyrethroid insecticides. The experiment was carried out at Werer Agricultural Research Center under the laboratory condition using larva immersion and square dip methods. The selected insecticides were tested in seven dilutions levels. In each dilution 30 larvae of 3rd instars, H. armigera were treated in three replications along with pure water. A low level of resistance was detected for all tested locations to alphacypermethrin and a high resistance ratio to lambda-cyhalothrin and deltamethrin for Gewane and Werer populations. Aplhacypermethrin was the most toxic insecticide and its LC50 was low compared to other tested synthetic pyrethroids. Whereas, deltamethrin was the least toxic insecticide with high LC50. The LC50 value of the Goffa-Sawla population was significantly different among the populations for Werer, Upper-Awash, and Gewane in both bioassay methods. The study concluded that Helicoverpa armigera might have resistant to deltamethrin in Werer and Gewane populations. Further studies on the monitoring of resistance are recommended.
Exposure assessment of treated greywater reused for irrigation
Authors: Potivichayanon Siraporn , Sittitoon Nalin , Vinnerås Björn 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the risk of exposure of treated greywater reused for irrigation. It consisted of untreated and treated greywater quality analysis and heavy metal exposure assessment. After treatment with a local conventional stabilization pond, parameters such as BOD, COD, Zn, and Pb dropped to 35.63, 9.95, 0.011, and 0.001 mg/L, respectively. Total coliform and fecal coliform decreased to 23,417 and 5,666 MPN/100 mL, respectively. These results showed almost all detected contaminants in treated greywater were minimized and did not exceed Thailand's standard and World Health Organization guidelines. After that, treated greywater was reused for irrigation. There were three vegetable plots: treated greywater, tap water with fertilizer, and tap water. There were seven edible plants, four leafy and three fruiting vegetables, cultivated in each plot. Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Hg were detected depending on the kind of plant; for example, the maximum concentration was found in leafy vegetables. However, the concentrations of contaminants did not exceed the Codex standard for contaminants and toxins in foods and Thailand's standard. Risk characterization showed no risk with a hazard quotient far less than 1. Therefore, treated greywater reuse could be considered to promote sustainable water management in the community.
The Rising Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and How it is Dealt
with: A Review of Current and Potential Phosphate Binders (PB)
Authors: Gosik Robert , Danel Krzysztof 
Published: June 2021

:
It is estimated that by 2040, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) will be the 5th main cause of
global deaths. It has been suggested that hyperphosphatemia is among the main factors leading to the
increased risk of death. This review focuses on potential and currently used Phosphate Binders (PB).
Aluminum hydroxide is presently not recommended due to potential aluminum toxicity. Calciumcontaining
phosphate binders (CCPB) can cause calcium overload, resulting in hypercalcemia and an
increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Magnesium and calcium complexes were suggested to be as
effective as sevelamer in the reduction of serum phosphate, with the potential to slow down the process
of calcification. However, limited studies have been conducted in this area. Although sevelamer
seemed to have a positive influence on cardiovascular calcification and arterial stiffness, its influence
on mortality was unclear. Sevelamer crystal accumulation in the Gastrointestinal tract (GI) can cause
gastrointestinal bleeding. Lanthanum carbonate seemed to lower all-cause mortality and reduce the
chance of hypercalcemia, even though a deposit in the GI tract was observed. Colestilan, like sevelamer,
reduced LDL cholesterol. Sucroferric oxyhydroxide had a lower pill burden than other PBs and
it seemed to reduce serum FGF-23. Ferric citrate improved parameters that are related to anemia but
can cause iron overload. Bixalomer appeared to have fewer gastrointestinal side effects than sevelamer.
Nano-lanthanum hydroxide and SBR759 may have an interesting future as PBs. In conclusion, the
development of new PBs should also take into consideration their potential to function as protection
modifiers.
Zn(OAc)2•2H2O-Catalyzed Betti Base Synthesis under Solvent-free Conditions
Authors: Alam M. Mujahid , Bollikolla Hari B. , Varala Ravi 
Published: June 2021

:
Zn(OAc)2•2H2O-catalyzed one-pot multicomponent reaction of Betti bases using β-
naphthol, aldehydes, and amines, under neat conditions in moderate to excellent yields (68-
96%) is reported in this study. This synthetic protocol offers several advantages, such as operational
simplicity, shorter reaction period, high yields, and easy work-up procedures.
Comparative Genomic and Network Analysis of nNOS by Using Different Bioinformatics Approaches
Authors: Arora Nymphaea , Prashar Vikash , Arora Tania , Singh Randeep , Mishra Anshul , Godara Priya , Banerjee Arpita , Sharma Arti , Parkash Jyoti 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Nitric Oxide (NO) is a diatomic free radical gaseous molecule that is formed
from L-arginine through NOS (Nitric oxide synthase) catalyzed reaction. NO controls vascular tone
(hence blood pressure), insulin secretion, airway tone, and peristalsis, and is involved in angiogenesis
(growth of new blood vessels) and development of the nervous system. In the CNS, NO is an important
messenger molecule, which is involved in various major functions in the brain. NOS has been
classified into three isoforms, including nNOS (neuronal NOS), eNOS (endothelial NOS) and iNOS
(inducible NOS). NOS1 is localized on chromosome 12 consisting of 1434 amino acids and 161 KDa
molecular weight. nNOS is involved in synaptic transmission, regulating the tone of smooth muscles
and penile erection. We studied NOS1 gene and protein network analysis through in silico techniques
as human nNOS sequence was fetched from GenBank and its homologous sequences were retrieved
through BLAST search. Moreover, the results of this study exploit the role of NOS1 in various pathways,
which provide ways to regulate it in various neurodegenerative diseases.

Background:
Previous research has revealed the role of Nitric Oxide (NO) formed from L-arginine
through NOS (Nitric Oxide Synthase) as physiological inter/intra-cellular messenger in central as well
as peripheral nervous systems. The diverse functions of NOS include insulin secretion, airway tone,
vascular tone regulation, and in brain, it is involved in differentiation, development, synaptic plasticity
and neurosecretion.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to unravel the role of neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS)
in different pathways and its involvement as therapeutic target in various neurodegenerative disorders
that can surely provide ways to regulate its activity in different aspects.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, we employed various bioinformatics tools and databases initiating
the study by fetching the neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS) sequence (GenBank) to find its homologous
sequences(BLAST) and then exploring its physical properties and post translational modifications,
enhancing the research by network analysis (STRING), leading to its functional enrichment (Panther).

Results:
The results positively support the hypothesis of its role in various pathways related to neurodegeneration
and its interacting partners are the probable therapeutic targets of various neurodegenerative
diseases focusing on specifically multi-target analysis.

Conclusion:
This study considered evolutionary trend of physical, chemical and biological properties
of NOS1 through different phyla. The neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS), being one of the three
isoforms of NOS (Nitric Oxide Synthase), is found to be involved in more pathways than just forming
Nitric Oxide. This research provides the base for further neurological research.
Implications of Adult Use Cannabis Legalization for Adolescent Use, Perceptions, Health, and Consequences
Authors: Elliott Mark D. , Adinoff Bryon 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Adult-use cannabis legalization is being increasingly embraced by various jurisdictions in the United States (US) and internationally. As adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the negative consequences of cannabis, it is essential to ensure that the effects of adult-use legalization are minimized.

Objectives:
This review aimed to synthesize the extant literature exploring the impact of adult-use legalization on adolescents and provide recommendations for future action. We focused on the following domains: 1) prevalence of use, 2) high-frequency use, 3) perceived harm, 4) perceived availability, 5) modes of use, 6) potency, 7) mental health and medical outcomes, and 8) legal consequences.

Methods:
Narrative review is focused on adult-use legalization in the US.

Results:
Adolescent cannabis use prevalence in US legal (as well as illegal) states has remained essentially stable since the advent of adult-use legalization. Criminal penalties for adolescents have not decreased in legal states and maybe increasing; out-of-school suspensions for cannabis use may also be increasing. It is uncertain whether reported decreases in national rates of perceived harm and availability and increases in cannabis frequency and potency of use in adolescents differ between legal and illegal states. The impact of legalization on adolescent health outcomes remains uncertain.

Conclusion:
At this early stage of adult-use legalization, we recommend that jurisdictions implement real-time, detailed monitoring to assess adolescent outcomes. In addition, both criminal penalties and out-of-school suspensions for cannabis infractions should be minimized.
Relationship of nutritional status, calcium intake and stress with pre-menstrual syndrome in UHAMKA nutrition student
Authors: Mahardika Ananda Afifa Kurnia 
Published: June 2021

Pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS) is a set of psychic and physical symptoms experienced by women of childbearing age between 7-10 days before menstruation. This study used cross-sectional design with quantitative approach. Sampling was done by simple random sampling method. This study used primary data of semi-quantitative food frequency interview, Shortened Premenstrual Assessment Form (SPAF) and perceived stress scale questionnaire. The result of this study, it can be concluded that most of UHAMKA Nutrition Students have a pre-menstrual syndrome, high stress levels, and adequate calcium intake. Statistical test results showed that there was a relationship between stress with the premenstrual syndrome, while calcium intake and nutrional status showed no relationship.
Pengaruh Bauran Pemasaran Terhadap Keputusan Peresepan Undenatured Type II Collagen Dalam Penatalaksanaan Osteoartritis Lutut
Authors: Yamin Muhammad , Lesmana D Henky 
Published: June 2021

Osteoartritis merupakan penyakit sendi yang paling sering dialami oleh manusia, terutama lutut. Osteoartritis lutut terjadi sekitar 15,5% pada pria dan 12,7% pada wanita di Indonesia. Adanya kebutuhan dan peluang pasar, maka dalam pemasaran produk Undenatured type-II collagen (UC-II) yang sedang dikembangkan, perlu dianalisis bauran pemasaran apa yang paling berpengaruh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan studi pengaruh baruan pemasaran; seperti produk (X1), harga (X2), promosi (X3); terhadap keputusan peresepan UC-II dalam penatalaksanaan osteoarthritis lutut. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuisioner yang diuji di lapangan dengan metode non-probability-purposive yang diberikan kepada 20 sampel dokter spesialis bedah tulang, rematik, dan penyakit dalam yang berpraktik di Jakarta. Penelitian diawali dengan melakukan interview mendalam kepada responden dan dilanjutkan dengan metode kuantitatif. Berdasarkan uji F, hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai F=43,224 dengan signifikansi 0,000 dan R=0,744 yang mengindikasikan dampak kuat pada baruan pemasaran secara serempak. Demikian pula, hasil analisis uji T adalah ‘t’=3,995 (X1), 2,903 (X2), dan 2,413 (X3) dengan signifikansi <0,05 yang mengindikasikan dampak kuat pada baruan pemasaran secara individu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang kuat antara baruan pemasaran (produk, harga, promosi) terhadap keputusan peresepan UC-II secara individu maupun serempak.
Kandungan Fenolik Dan Flavonoid Total Pada Ekstrak Daun Srikaya (Annona squamosa L.) Terfermentasi
Authors: Aryantini Dyah , Sari Fita , Wijayanti Citra Rahma 
Published: June 2021

Daun srikaya mengandung senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid yang dapat digunakan sebagai antioksidan, antidiabetik, hepatoprotektif, antitumor. Fermentasi menyebabkan perubahan senyawa kimia sehingga mempengaruhi bioaktivitas tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid pada ekstrak daun srikaya dan ekstrak daun srikaya terfermentasi probiotik dengan lama fermentasi 24, 48 dan 72 jam. Ekstraksi daun srikaya dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Penetapan kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Kandungan total fenolik ditetapkan dengan asam galat konsentrasi baku seri 40, 55, 70, 85, 100 ppm, penentuan kandungan total flavonoid dengan kuersetin konsentrasi 40, 65, 90, 115, 140 ppm. Hasil penetapan kandungan total fenolik ekstrak adalah 4,028±0,064 mgGAE/g, sedangkan kandungannya pada ekstrak terfermentasi berturut-turut pada 24, 48, 72 jam yaitu 8,817±0,079; 7,391±0,018 dan 5,997±0,078 mgGAE/g. Kandungan total flavonoid ekstrak 3,861±0,041 mgQE/g, pada ekstrak terfermentasi jam ke-24, 48, 72 berturut-turut yaitu 17,022±0,392; 11,691±0,268 dan 9,227±0,243 mgQE/g. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah proses dan lama fermentasi mempengaruhi kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid pada ekstrak daun srikaya dan ekstrak daun srikaya terfermentasi.
Studi Etnofarmasi Tumbuhan Jernang Pada Suku Anak Dalam Di Desa Muara Kilis
Authors: Andriani Lili , Perawati Santi , Awaliatuwelda  
Published: June 2021

Jernang adalah salah satu hasil hutan pada Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) di Desa Muara kilis, Kecamatan Tengah ilir, Kabupaten Tebo, Jambi yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi serta dapat dijadikan sebagai obat tradisional. Salah satu cara pengembangan obat tradisional ini dengan melakukan etnofarmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek etnofarmasi jernang serta bagaimana cara pengolahannya sebagai obat tradisional. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terhadap informan dengan pengambilan sampel berupa teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada 2 spesies jernang di Desa Muara Kilis, yaitu jernang kuau (Daemonorops draco (Willd) Blume.) dan jernang kelukup (Daemonorops sp). Jernang tersebut memiliki khasiat yang sama dalam hal pengobatan tradisional pada bagian getahnya yaitu untuk pengobatan penyakit sakit perut, batuk berdarah, buang air besar berdarah, pendarahan pasca melahirkan dan luka, sedangkan fungsi ekologis dari buah jernang adalah sebagai pewarna pakaian alami. Proses pengolahan buah rotan jernang untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit dengan cara mengolahnya menjadi jus yang dicampur dengan kunyit. Selain itu untuk mengatasi luka buah rotan jernang dibuat menjadi serbuk dan dioleskan pada bagian kulit yang luka. Jadi jernang dapat dijadikan sebagai obat tradisional yang menyembuhkan berbagai penyakit.
Student Learning Difficulties in Online Biochemistry Practicum: An Experiences during Covid-19
Authors: Rahmah Qonita  , Muhammad A'tourrohman  , Ulwiyah  , Erna Wijayanti  
Published: June 2021

Background: Covid-19 pandemic changed all aspects of human life, including education. Biochemistry practicum activities that should be carried out in the laboratory must be done online. This study analyzes students' learning difficulties in carrying out biochemical online practicum in the Covid-19 pandemic era. Methods: This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. The Sample consisted of 63 respondents from students majoring in biology education at UIN Walisongo. The instrument used was a questionnaire with The Gutman scale. Data analyzed using percentage difficulty analysis. Results: the implementation of online biochemistry practicum experienced less difficulties. The percentage of barriers in the difficult category is, material mastery barriers 30,5%, practical implementation barriers 28,8%, internal barriers 25,8%, and external barriers 36,6%. Conclusions: Selection of appropriate learning methods and media is needed to make it easier for students to understand online practicum material.