bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water‐soluble Polyacrylate Copolymers as Green Binders of Graphite Anodes for High‐energy Density Lithium‐ion Pouch Cells with Enhanced Electrochemical and Safety Performance
Authors: Cui Yan , Chen Jiahui , Ma Zhen , Xue Jianjun , Xu Hanliang , Nan Junmin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWater‐soluble polyacrylate copolymers are developed as green functional binders of graphite anode to improve the performance of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Using five basic binders, it is demonstrated that the graphite plate with the alkanol acrylate crosslinker (type U20)‐acrylic acid/acrylate copolymer (type LA138) composite binder (marked as Binder B) exhibits larger adhesive force, higher compaction density, and better electrolyte adsorption capacity compared to other plates with aqueous binders. In particular, the electrochemical performance of the batteries with Binder B is enhanced both at room temperature and low temperature, and retention capacity of 82.8 % at 1 C and 25 °C after 930 cycles and 91.3 % at 0.5 C and 0 °C are obtained. In addition, the batteries with Binder B also exhibit enhanced safety and heat stability. The enhanced performance is attributed to the good chemical stability of polyacrylate copolymers and unique film‐forming properties. These results indicate that the graphite anode with aqueous Binder B has promising prospects for practical application, and it also provides a reference for solving the poor low‐temperature performance of graphite anodes.
Missing Member in the MIIMIIISi4N7 Compound Class: Carbothermal Reduction and Nitridation Synthesis Reveal Substitution of Nitrogen by Carbon and Oxygen in CaLu[Si4N7–2xCxOx]:Eu2+/Ce3+ (x≈0.3)
Authors: Gamperl Lisa , Zeman Otto E. O. , Strobel Philipp , Schmidt Peter J. , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe nitridosilicate CaLu[Si4N7–2xCxOx] (x≈0.3) was synthesized by carbothermal reduction and nitridation starting from CaH2, Lu2O3, graphite and amorphous Si3N4 at 1550 °C in a radiofrequency furnace. CaLu[Si4N7–2xCxOx] (x≈0.3) crystallizes isotypically to many previously known MIIMIIISi4N7 compounds in the space group P63mc, as was confirmed by Rietveld refinement based on powder X‐ray diffraction data. Incorporation of carbon into the crystal structure as a result of the carbothermal synthesis route was confirmed by 13C and 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy. For the first time in the MIIMIIISi4N7 compound class, complementary EDX measurements suggest that simultaneous incorporation of oxygen compensates for the negative charge excess induced by carbon, resulting in an adjusted sum formula, CaLu[Si4N7–2xCxOx] (x≈0.3). When excited with UV‐to‐blue light, CaLu[Si4N7–2xCxOx] (x≈0.3) shows an emission maximum in the blue spectral region (λem=484 nm; fwhm=4531 cm−1) upon doping with Ce3+, whereas Eu2+‐doped CaLu[Si4N7–2xCxOx] (x≈0.3) exhibits a yellow‐green emission (λem=546 nm; fwhm=3999 cm−1).
Validation of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology and the diagnostic accuracy of FNA cytology for submandibular gland lesions
Authors: Reerds Sam T.H. , van Engen‐van Grunsven Adriana C.H. , van den Hoogen Frank J.A. , Takes Robert P. , Marres Henri A.M. , Honings Jimmie 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe Milan System for Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) is a categorical system for salivary gland fine‐needle aspiration cytopathology (FNAC) developed to aid clinicians in the management of salivary gland lesions. This classification is widely studied and validated, especially in cohorts that consist of mostly parotid gland lesions. However, only sparse literature describes the use of this classification for submandibular gland lesions in particular.MethodsAll patients in the Netherlands that underwent a submandibular gland resection between January 1, 2006, and January 1, 2017, with a FNAC before resection were identified with the use of the Dutch Pathology Registry database (PALGA). All FNAC results were retrospectively classified according to the MSRSGC. The risk of malignancy was calculated for all the MSRSGC categories. The sensitivity and specificity of the MSRSGC classification were calculated for submandibular gland FNAC.ResultsA total of 837 patients who underwent 975 FNAC aspirates from the submandibular glands were included in the analysis. Risks of malignancy for each of the MSRSGC categories were 14.4% in nondiagnostic, 4.4% in nonneoplastic, 37.0% in atypia of unknown significance, 3.9% in benign neoplasms, 40.7% in salivary gland neoplasms of unknown malignant potential, 76.2% in suspected malignant, and 91.3% in malignant cytology results. The sensitivity for diagnosing malignant submandibular gland tumors was 71.6% and specificity was 98.4%.ConclusionsThe results of the present study validate the use of this classification for submandibular gland lesions. Risks of malignancy vary according to the anatomical subsites of the salivary gland lesions.Lay Summary

The risks of malignancy of the various Milan System for Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) categories vary according to the anatomical subsite of the salivary gland lesion.

The proposed management techniques of the MSRSGC are valid for use with submandibular gland lesions.
RAS mutation and associated risk of malignancy in the thyroid gland: An FNA study with cytology‐histology correlation
Authors: Gilani Syed M. , Abi‐Raad Rita , Garritano James , Cai Guoping , Prasad Manju L. , Adeniran Adebowale J. 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundActivating point mutations of the RAS gene (NRAS, HRAS, and KRAS) can be seen in benign and malignant thyroid tumors; among these, NRAS mutations are more commonly seen. This study was conducted to evaluate the thyroid risk of malignancy (ROM) associated with RAS mutations in thyroid fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) at the authors' institution.MethodsThe authors searched their electronic database system between January 2015 and May 2021 for thyroid FNA cases with any type of RAS mutation. Molecular alterations were identified with the ThyroSeq Genomic Classifier, ThyGeNEXT (thyroid oncogene panel)/ThyraMIR (miRNA classifier), or ThyroSure gene panel.ResultsA total of 127 cases (age, 51 ± 14 years; 100 females and 27 males) were identified, and 72 had histologic follow‐up. The overall ROM associated with RAS mutations (with or without any other molecular alterations) was 29%, whereas the ROM was lower (18%) with RAS mutations only. Isolated NRAS, HRAS, and KRAS mutation–associated ROMs were 15%, 27%, and 14%, respectively. Among these RAS‐mutated cases, the cases with a Bethesda category IV cytologic diagnosis had a higher ROM than the cases with a category III diagnosis (38% vs 17%). Twenty‐one histologically confirmed malignant cases were mostly classified on cytology as category IV lesions (14 of 34; 41%), and the remainder were either category III (6 of 35; 17%) or V lesions (1 of 1; 100%).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the overall RAS mutation–associated ROM in thyroid FNA was intermediate (29%), and isolated HRAS mutations appeared to have a higher ROM (27%) than NRAS and KRAS mutations (15% and 14%, respectively).
Chaos numbers based a new representation scheme for evolutionary computation: Applications in evolutionary association rule mining
Authors: Altay Elif Varol , Alatas Bilal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn some practical situations, new computational methods are required for appropriately representing systems and their variables with inaccuracies, uncertainties, or variability. The chaos numbers seem to efficiently represent a set or range of values with lower and upper bounds for variables. In this article, a new chaos‐enhanced representation scheme that is based on the notion of chaos numbers is proposed for evolutionary optimization methods. As a first application of chaos‐based new encoding type, it is integrated into the novel hybrid intelligent optimization method proposed that is adapted as numerical association rules miner for the first time. The proposed hybrid method can also be used for complex types of search and optimization problems. The method is designed as a multiobjective rule miner that simultaneously handles different conflicting objectives and finds the accurate and comprehensible rules automatically. Based on the chaotic encoding, the proposed method easily and effectively adjusts the intervals of the attributes and automatically mines the rules without any preprocess. The performance of the proposed method was tested in real quantitative data sets and results were compared with the other association rule mining methods. According to the obtained results, the proposed method seems promising with respect to different metrics.
Selective and Sensitive Fluorescence Turn‐On Detection of Cyanide Ions in Water by Post Metallization of a MOF
Authors: Mahato Debanjan , Fajal Sahel , Samanta Partha , Mandal Writakshi , Ghosh Sujit K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOwing to detrimental impact of cyanide ion (CN−) towards the entire living system as well as its availability in drinking water, it has become very important developing potential sensory materials for the selective and sensitive recognition of CN− ions in water. In the domain of sensory materials, luminescent metal‐organic frameworks (LMOFs) have been considered as a promising candidate owing to their unique host‐guest interaction, where MOFs can serve as an ideal scaffold for encapsulating relevant guest molecules rendering specific functionality. In this study, a post‐synthetically modified MOF (viz., CuCl2@MOF‐867) was applied to recognize cyanide (CN−) ions in water via “turn‐on” response. The bipyridyl functionalities in MOF‐867 were used to perform post‐synthetic metalation to infiltrate CuCl2 inside porous architecture of the MOF. Moreover, a CuCl2@MOF‐867 based probe demonstrated highly selective and sensitive aqueous phase recognition of CN− ions even in the presence of other interfering anions such as Br−, NO3−, I−, SO42−, OAc−, SCN−, NO2−, etc. The selective binding of CN− ions to the copper‐metal center has led to the generation of stable Cu(CN)2 species. This phenomenon has further resulted in a fluorescence turn‐on response. The aqueous phase cyanide detection by the rationally modified MOF system exhibited very low limit of detection (0.19 μM), which meets the standardized limit stated by World Health Organization (WHO) that is 1.9 μM.
Effects of strategic flexibility and organizational slack on the relationship between green operational practices adoption and firm performance
Authors: Jiao Jinxia , Liu ChenGuang , Xu Yan , Hao Zirong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study aims to explain why some firms improve their performance through the adoption of green operational practices (GOPs) while others do not. Researchers attribute this phenomenon to that some resources are necessary to capture the benefits of GOPs. Drawing upon relevant literature and the resource‐based view, this study identifies strategic flexibility and organizational slack as two potential resources that enable firms to improve their performance through GOPs adoption. In other words, this study examines the moderating effects of strategic flexibility and organizational slack on the relationship between GOPs adoption and firm performance (including environmental and financial performance). Based on the data from 213 Chinese manufacturing firms, hierarchical regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses. The results show that GOPs adoption positively influences environmental and financial performance. Moreover, we find that strategic flexibility strengthens the relationship between GOPs adoption and environmental performance, but weakens the relationship between GOPs adoption and financial performance. Conversely, organizational slack strengthens the relationship between GOPs adoption and financial performance, but weakens the relationship between GOPs adoption and environmental performance. This study contributes to related literature and its findings provide new insights for managers and the government to manage the relationship between GOPs adoption and firm performance.
T cell landscape and dynamics in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis before and after daratumumab‐based therapy
Authors: Wang Yujia , Xu Lushuang , Zhao Weijia , Chen Xiaojie , Wen Lei , Duan Wenbing , Yu Xiao‐Juan , De Zhou Fu‐ , Liu Yang , Hao Jie , Huang Xiaojun , Lu Jin , Ge Qing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAmyloid light‐chain (AL) is characterized by the presence of small, poorly proliferating plasma cell clones with the production and deposition of light chains into tissues. T cell changes within the tumour microenvironment in AL are poorly understood. By sequencing at a single‐cell level of CD3+ T cells purified from bone marrow (BM) and blood of newly diagnosed AL patients before and after a combination of daratumumab with cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (Dara‐BCD), we analysed the transcriptomic features of T cells and found an expansion, activation and type I cytokine upregulation in BM and circulating T cells after the treatment. More prominent changes were shown in CD8+ T cells. In particular, we found the presence of CD8+ BM resident memory T cells (TRM) with high expression of inhibitory molecules in AL patients at diagnosis. After Dara‐BCD, these TRM cells were quickly activated with downregulation of suppressive molecules and upregulation of IFNG expression. These data collectively demonstrate that Dara‐based therapy in patients with AL amyloidosis promotes anti‐tumour T cell responses. The similar transcriptomic features of BM and circulating T cells before and after therapy further provide a less invasive approach for molecular monitoring of T cell response in AL amyloidosis.
Environmental factors influencing spotted hyena and lion population biomass across Africa
Authors: Jones Angharad K. , Blockley Simon P.E. , Schreve Danielle C. , Carbone Chris 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta Erxleben) and the lion (Panthera leo Linnaeus) are two of the most abundant and charismatic large mammalian carnivores in Africa and yet both are experiencing declining populations and significant pressures from environmental change. However, with few exceptions, most studies have focused on influences upon spotted hyena and lion populations within individual sites, rather than synthesizing data from multiple locations. This has impeded the identification of over‐arching trends behind the changing biomass of these large predators. Using partial least squares regression models, influences upon population biomass were therefore investigated, focusing upon prey biomass, temperature, precipitation, and vegetation cover. Additionally, as both species are in competition with one other for food, the influence of competition and evidence of environmental partitioning were assessed. Our results indicate that spotted hyena biomass is more strongly influenced by environmental conditions than lion, with larger hyena populations in areas with warmer winters, cooler summers, less drought, and more semi‐open vegetation cover. Competition was found to have a negligible influence upon spotted hyena and lion populations, and environmental partitioning is suggested, with spotted hyena population biomass greater in areas with more semi‐open vegetation cover. Moreover, spotted hyena is most heavily influenced by the availability of medium‐sized prey biomass, whereas lion is influenced more by large size prey biomass. Given the influences identified upon spotted hyena populations in particular, the results of this study could be used to highlight populations potentially at greatest risk of decline, such as in areas with warming summers and increasingly arid conditions.
One‐year trends from the LANDMARC trial: A 3‐year, pan‐India, prospective, longitudinal study on the management and real‐world outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Das Ashok K. , Kalra Sanjay , Joshi Shashank , Mithal Ambrish , Kumar K. M. Prasanna , Unnikrishnan Ambika G. , Thacker Hemant , Sethi Bipin , Chowdhury Subhankar , Ghosh Romik , Krishnan Sukanya , Nair Arjun , Mohanasundaram Senthilnathan , Menon Shalini K. , Salvi Vaibhav , Chodankar Deepa , Thaker Saket , Trivedi Chirag , Wangnoo Subhash K. , Zargar Abdul H. , Rais Nadeem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionLongitudinal data on management and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India are scarce. LANDMARC (CTRI/2017/05/008452), first‐of‐its‐kind, pan‐India, prospective, observational study aimed to evaluate real‐world patterns and management of T2DM over 3 years.MethodsAdults (≥25 to ≤60 years old at T2DM diagnosis; diabetes duration ≥2 years at enrolment; controlled/uncontrolled on ≥2 anti‐diabetic agents) were enrolled. The first‐year trends for glycaemic control, therapy and diabetic complications, including those from metropolitan and non‐metropolitan cities are reported here.ResultsOf 6236 enrolled participants, 5654 completed 1 year in the study. Although the overall mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) improved by 0.5% (baseline: 8.1%) at 1 year, only 20% of the participants achieved HbA1c <7%. Participants from metropolitan and non‐ metropolitan cities showed similar decrease in glycaemic levels (mean change in HbA1c: −0.5% vs. −0.5%; p = .8613). Among diabetic complications, neuropathy was the predominant complication (815/6236, 13.1% participants). Microvascular complications (neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy) were significantly (p < .0001) higher in non‐metropolitan than metropolitan cities. Hypertension (2623/6236, 78.2%) and dyslipidaemia (1696/6236, 50.6%) continued to be the most commonly reported cardiovascular risks at 1 year. After 1 year, majority of the participants were taking only oral anti‐diabetic drugs (OADs) (baseline: 4642/6236 [74.4%]; 1 year: 4045/6013 [67.3%]), while the proportion of those taking insulin along with OADs increased (baseline: 1498/6236 [24.0%] vs. 1 year: 1844/6013 [30.7%]). Biguanides and sulfonylureas were the most used OADs. The highest increase in use was seen for dipeptidyl peptidase‐IV inhibitors (baseline: 3047/6236 [48.9%]; 1 year: 3529/6013 [58.7%]). Improvement in all glycaemic parameters was significantly (p < .0001) higher in the insulin vs. the insulin‐naïve subgroups; in the insulin‐naïve subgroup, no statistical difference was noted in those who received >3 vs. ≤3 OADs.ConclusionsFirst‐year trends of the LANDMARC study offer insights into real‐world disease progression, suggesting the need for controlling risk factors and timely treatment intensification in people with T2DM.
Comparison of the Catalytic Activity of Mono‐ and Multinuclear Ga Complexes in the ROCOP of Epoxides and Cyclic Anhydrides
Authors: Ghosh Swarup , Glöckler Eduard , Wölper Christoph , Linders Jürgen , Janoszka Nicole , Gröschel André H. , Schulz Stephan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTetranuclear Schiff‐base complexes L1–32Ga4(t‐Bu)8 1–3 are highly active and selective (>99 %) catalyst in the alternating ring‐opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of epoxides and anhydrides, yielding polyesters with high molecular weights (Mn) and narrow dispersity (Đ). The thermal properties (Tg) of the resulting polyester range from 18 °C to 124 °C and increase with increasing steric bulk or rigidity along the polymer backbone. Comparative studies using structurally related complexes L4Ga(t‐Bu)2 4, [L5GaR2]2 (R=t‐Bu 5, R=Me 6) and L6Ga(t‐Bu)2 7 proved that the Ga2O2 core of catalyst 1 is the catalytically active species.
Direct Synthesis of Napthalenes by Nickel‐Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization of o‐Vinyl Chlorobenzenes with Internal Alkynes
Authors: Lin Jin , Liang Guanfeng , Wu Chaoyi , Tian Xu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn efficient nickel‐catalyzed arylnickelation of alkyne/Heck cyclization of challenging o‐vinyl chlorobenzenes with internal alkynes has been developed. This protocol enables synthesis of a wide variety of substituted naphthalenes in a cascade process from readily available starting materials. Mechanistic studies indicate the radical pathway is not involved in the cascade catalytic system.
Engineering and evaluation of thermostable IsPETase variants for PET degradation
Authors: Brott Stefan , Pfaff Lara , Schuricht Josephine , Schwarz Jan‐Niklas , Böttcher Dominique , Badenhorst Christoffel P. S. , Wei Ren , Bornscheuer Uwe T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a mass‐produced petroleum‐based synthetic polymer. Enzymatic PET degradation using, for example, Ideonella sakaiensis PETase (IsPETase) can be a more environmentally friendly and energy‐saving alternative to the chemical recycling of PET. However, IsPETase is a mesophilic enzyme with an optimal reaction temperature lower than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PET, where the amorphous polymers can be readily accessed for enzymatic breakdown. In this study, we used error‐prone PCR to generate a mutant library based on a thermostable triple mutant (TM) of IsPETase. The library was screened against the commercially available polyester‐polyurethane Impranil DLN W 50 for more thermostable IsPETase variants, yielding four variants with higher melting points. The most promising IsPETaseTMK95N/F201I variant had a 5.0°C higher melting point than IsPETaseTM. Although this variant showed a slightly lower activity on PET at lower incubation temperatures, its increased thermostability makes it a more active PET hydrolase at higher reaction temperatures up to 60°C. Several other variants were compared and combined with selected previously published IsPETase mutants in terms of thermostability and hydrolytic activity against PET nanoparticles and amorphous PET films. Our findings indicate that thermostability is one of the most important characteristics of an effective PET hydrolase.
A Morphometric Assessment of the Condition of White Croakers (Genyonemus Lineatus) and Queenfish (Seriphus Politus) with Access to a Wastewater Outfall and a DDT/Polychlorinated Biphenyl Superfund Site: A Los Angeles Outer Harbor Case Study
Authors: Otim Ochan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sediments and water columns in the Los Angeles Outer Harbor (CA, USA), a major port behind a breakwater, contain DDTs and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from a nearby Superfund site, and contaminants brought in by ships, boats, stormwater, a river, and a wastewater outfall. White croaker and queenfish, a bottom feeder and a water column feeder, respectively, are two bioindicators for this marine ecosystem. Their condition as populations of fish is assumed to be robust for this role at all times. The present study tests this benign assumption amid progressively increasing DDT/PCB levels in their tissues. The results, as shown by progressively shrinking gonads, show a less than robust white croaker population particularly. Although the males are generally larger than the females, the length (standard [SL] or total [TL]) and body mass (BM) of 80 white croakers collected over 8 years were found to be similar irrespective of gender (177 mm, 212 mm, and 114 g, respectively). Queenfish (67) did not show such similarity over the same period (female: 152 mm SL, 177 mm TL, 56 g BM; male: 145 mm SL, 172 mm TL, 50 g BM). The site-specific expressions/values capturing the current conditions of these fish populations are SL = 0.835[TL] − 1.68 (r2 = 0.914, n = 68) and SL = 0.891[TL] − 8.88 (r2 = 0.961, n = 50) for white croaker and queenfish, respectively. In the allometric growth equation BM = a[SL]b, a and b are 2.83 and 2.49 × 10−4 (r2 = 0.817) for white croakers, and 6.10 and 2.73 × 10−5 (r2 = 0.825) for queenfish, respectively. The relative coefficients of condition Kn are 0.97 ± 0.07 and 1.01 ± 0.12 for white croakers and queenfish, respectively. Molecular-level studies are needed to establish definitively the links between DDT/PCB bioaccumulation in fish tissues and the robustness of the fish populations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:410-425. © 2021 SETAC
Abstract
Deriving mass-length expression, and coefficients of population robustness fish morphometric measurements.