bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal dynamics of glacial lakes (1990–2018) in the Kashmir Himalayas, India using Remote Sensing and GIS
Authors: Ahmed Rayees , Wani Gowhar Farooq , Ahmad Syed Towseef , Mir Riyaz Ahmad , Almazroui Mansour , Jain Sanjay K. , Ahmed Pervez 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study is perhaps the first attempt to use satellite data (1990–2018) to analyze spatiotemporal changes in glacial lakes over the Kashmir Himalayas supplemented by field studies. Landsat images were used to delineate the spatial extent of glacial lakes at four-time points, i.e., 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018. The total count of lakes as well as their spatial extent showed a discernible increase. The number increased from 253 in 1990 to 324 in 2018, with a growth rate of 21.4%. The area has increased from 18.84 ± 0.1 km2 in 1990 to 22.13 ± 0.12 km2 in 2018 with a growth rate of 14.7%. The newly formed glacial lakes, including supraglacial lakes, were greater in number than the lakes that disappeared over the study period. All glacial lakes are situated at elevations of 2700 m asl and 4500 m asl. More than 78% of lake expansion in the study region is largely due to the growth of existing glacial lakes. Through area change analysis, our findings reveal that certain lakes show rapid expansion needing immediate monitoring and observation. The analysis of the meteorological variables reveals that minimum and maximum temperatures in the Jhelum basin have shown an increasing trend. Tmax showed an increase of 1.25 °C, whereas Tmin increased to 0.7 °C from 1980 to 2020. On the other hand, precipitation has shown a decreasing trend, which can be attributed to one of the major causes of glacier recession and the expansion of glacial lakes in the Upper Jhelum basin. Consequently, this study could play a significant role in devising a comprehensive risk assessment plan for potential Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) and developing a mechanism for continuous monitoring and management of lakes in the study region.
Effective equidistribution for generalized higher-step nilflows
Authors: KIM MINSUNG 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper we prove bounds for ergodic averages for nilflows on general higher-step nilmanifolds. Under Diophantine condition on the frequency of a toral projection of the flow, we prove that almost all orbits become equidistributed at polynomial speed. We analyze the rate of decay which is determined by the number of steps and structure of general nilpotent Lie algebras. Our main result follows from the technique of controlling scaling operators in irreducible representations and measure estimation on close return orbits on general nilmanifolds.
Effect of a parent agreement on return rates of Vanderbilt assessments and treatment adherence in pediatric attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder patients
Authors: Torres Matthew , Miller Leslie , Payment Elizabeth , Patel Khushbu , Pawlowski Callie , Cortright Lindsay , Moore Jennifer , Tumin Dmitry , Higginson Amanda 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe implemented a parent–teacher Vanderbilt agreement program to increase return rates of Vanderbilt assessment scales for children in our primary care practice, and compared the assessment return rate before and after agreement signature.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who had a signed Vanderbilt agreement and were under continuous care at our clinic. Return rates were compared 1 year before and 1 year after the agreement date.ResultsAmong 195 children, prior to the agreement, 71% returned teacher assessments, and 59% returned parent forms; after the intervention, assessment rates were not significantly different (76%,p = .255; and 65%,p = .185, respectively). The median number of returned assessments increased after the agreement.ConclusionsLack of documented parent and teacher Vanderbilt assessments remain a barrier to appropriate management of ADHD. Improving the rate of assessments returned is an important outcome for treating ADHD in the primary care setting.
Political shocks and asset prices
Authors: Carnahan Daniel , Saiegh Sebastian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe estimate how asset prices respond to a range of political shocks, including changes in a country's economic stewardship, national elections, coup d'états, wars, and terrorist attacks. Using an event study approach and daily prices from the Buenos Aires exchange (Argentina) between 1967 and 2020, we find that stock-market volatility increases in the days immediately following major policy-shifting events. These results hold irrespective of whether returns are measured in nominal terms, in local consumption units, or in US dollars. The most significant increase in post-event risk is associated with irregular government turnovers. Volatility also increases in the days immediately following a defeat in an international war, national elections, and changes in the country's economic stewardship. No changes in stock-market volatility occur, however, after terrorist attacks or when the date of a new administration's inauguration is publicly known and determined sufficiently far in advance.
Street Dance Activism Global Dance Meditation for Black Liberation Radical Embodied Dialogue August 19, 2020 Recorded over Zoom
Authors: McIntyre Dianne , Yearby Marlies , jun grace shinhae , Bell Shamell , Park MiRi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGlobal Dance Meditation for Black Liberation began with Dr. Shamell Bell's dream, a clear vision of people around the world heeding a call, at the same time, to the same rhythm, in a collective resonance. It has grown into a conversation, a community, a journey, and a call to action. This Radical Embodied Dialogue was created to honor Black dance artists and their legacies. As part of the Street Dance Activism Global Dance Meditation for Black Liberation twenty-eight-day collective healing project, we invited Marlies Yearby and Dianne McIntyre to share their stories and their shared histories. The pandemic, coupled with use of technology, opened up and provided alternative methods to host a gathering and listen to their experiences that have too often been excluded from dance history texts. This resulting documentation of some of the work of these artists restores the significance of their work to American dance history.
Social Determinants and Health Behaviours among Older Adults Experiencing Multimorbidity Using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Wister Andrew 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study examines associations between lifestyle behavioural factors and appraisals of “healthy aging” among older adults experiencing multimorbidity. A Social Determinants and Health Behaviour Model (SDHBM) is used to frame the analyses. Using baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), we studied 12,272 Canadians 65 years of age or older who reported 2 or more of 27 chronic conditions. Additional analyses were conducted using three multimorbidity clusters: cardiovascular/metabolic, musculoskeletal, and mental health. Using hierarchical logistic regression, it was found that, for multmorbidity and the three illness clusters, healthy aging is consistently associated with not smoking (except for the mental health cluster), an absence of obesity (except for the cardiovascular and metabolic cluster), better sleep, and a better appetite. It is not associated with inactivity. Several socio-demographic, environmental, and illness covariates were also supported. The findings are examined using the SDHBM coupled with a resilience lens in order to elucidate how modifiable health behaviours can act as resources to mitigate multimorbidity adversities. This has implications for healthy aging for persons with multimorbidity, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Extending the Tutte and Bollobás–Riordan polynomials to rank 3 weakly coloured stranded graphs
Authors: Avohou Remi C. , Ben Geloun Joseph , Hounkonnou Mahouton N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Bollobás–Riordan (BR) polynomial [(2002), Math. Ann.323 81] is a universal polynomial invariant for ribbon graphs. We find an extension of this polynomial for a particular family of combinatorial objects, called rank 3 weakly coloured stranded graphs. Stranded graphs arise in the study of tensor models for quantum gravity in physics, and generalize graphs and ribbon graphs. We present a seven-variable polynomial invariant of these graphs, which obeys a contraction/deletion recursion relation similar to that of the Tutte and BR polynamials. However, it is defined on a much broader class of objects, and furthermore captures properties that are not encoded by the Tutte or BR polynomials.
Revisiting the playground: Charles Wicksteed, play equipment and public spaces for children in early twentieth-century Britain
Authors: Winder Jon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article offers the first detailed history of the children's playground in Britain in the early twentieth century. Despite being a common feature of towns and cities, the playground has rarely been examined by historians. In response, the article charts how changing conceptions of childhood, alternative visions of the city, technological innovation and shifting ideas about health and exercise shaped both the imagined function and material form of the playground ideal. Making visible the historical assumptions hidden in playground swings and slides helps to contextualize both existing scholarship on the mid-twentieth-century adventure playground and present-day efforts to create more equitable urban environments.
Visual stimulus features that elicit activity in object-vector cells
Authors: Andersson Sebastian O. , Moser Edvard I. , Moser May-Britt 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObject-vector (OV) cells are cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) that track an animal’s distance and direction to objects in the environment. Their firing fields are defined by vectorial relationships to free-standing 3-dimensional (3D) objects of a variety of identities and shapes. However, the natural world contains a panorama of objects, ranging from discrete 3D items to flat two-dimensional (2D) surfaces, and it remains unclear what are the most fundamental features of objects that drive vectorial responses. Here we address this question by systematically changing features of experimental objects. Using an algorithm that robustly identifies OV firing fields, we show that the cells respond to a variety of 2D surfaces, with visual contrast as the most basic visual feature to elicit neural responses. The findings suggest that OV cells use plain visual features as vectorial anchoring points, allowing vector-guided navigation to proceed in environments with few free-standing landmarks.
Intravital imaging strategy FlyVAB reveals the dependence of Drosophila enteroblast differentiation on the local physiology
Authors: Tang Ruizhi , Qin Peizhong , Liu Xiqiu , Wu Song , Yao Ruining , Cai Guangjun , Gao Junjun , Wu You , Guo Zheng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAging or injury inDrosophilaintestine promotes intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation and enteroblast (EB) differentiation. However, the manner the local physiology couples with dynamic EB differentiation assessed by traditional lineage tracing method is still vague. Therefore, we developed a 3D-printed platform “FlyVAB” for intravital imaging strategy that enables the visualization of theDrosophilaposterior midgut at a single cell level across the ventral abdomen cuticle. Using ISCs in young and healthy midgut and enteroendocrine cells in age-associated hyperplastic midgut as reference coordinates, we traced ISC-EB-enterocyte lineages with Notch signaling reporter for multiple days. Our results reveal a “differentiation-poised” EB status correlated with slow ISC divisions and a “differentiation-activated” EB status correlated with ISC hyperplasia and rapid EB to enterocyte differentiation. Our FlyVAB imaging strategy opens the door to long-time intravital imaging of intestinal epithelium.
More Than Just a Weed: An Exploration of the Antimicrobial Activity of Rumex crispus using a Multivariate Data Analysis Approach
Authors: Pelzer Chantal V. , Houriet Joëlle , Crandall William J. , Todd Daniel A. , Cech Nadja B. , Jones Derick D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPlants have a long history of use for their medicinal properties. The complexity of botanical extracts presents unique challenges and necessitates the application of innovative approaches to correctly identify and quantify bioactive compounds. For this study, we used untargeted metabolomics to explore the antimicrobial activity of Rumex crispus (yellow dock), a member of the Polygonaceae family used as an herbal remedy for bacterial infections. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass-spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used to identify and quantify the known antimicrobial compound emodin. In addition, we used biochemometric approaches to integrate data measuring antimicrobial activity from R. crispus root starting material and fractions against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with UPLC-MS data. Our results support the hypothesis that multiple constituents, including the anthraquinone emodin, contribute to
the antimicrobial activity of R. crispus against MRSA.
Site-Selective C(sp3)–H Functionalizations Mediated by Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions via α-Amino/α-Amido Radicals
Authors: Barham Joshua P. , Kaur Jaspreet 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAmines and amides, as N-containing compounds, are ubiquitous in pharmaceutically-active scaffolds, natural products, agrochemicals, and peptides. Amides in nature bear a key responsibility for imparting three-dimensional structure, such as in proteins. Structural modifications to amines and amides, especially at their positions α to N, bring about profound changes in biological activity oftentimes leading to more desirable pharmacological profiles of small drug molecules. A number of recent developments in synthetic methodology for the functionalizations of amines and amides omit the need of their directing groups or pre-functionalizations, achieving direct activation of the otherwise relatively benign C(sp3)–H bonds α to N. Among these, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) has proven a very powerful platform for the selective activation of amines and amides to their α-amino and α-amido radicals, which can then be employed to furnish C–C and C–X (X = heteroatom) bonds. The abilities to both form these radicals and control their reactivity in a site-selective manner is of utmost importance for such chemistries to witness applications in late-stage functionalization. Therefore, this review captures contemporary HAT strategies to realize chemo- and regioselective amine and amide α-C(sp3)–H functionalization, based on bond strengths, bond polarities, reversible HAT equilibria, traceless electrostatic-directing auxiliaries, and steric effects of in situ-generated HAT agents.1	Introduction2	Functionalizations of Amines3	Functionalizations of Carbamates4	Functionalizations of Amides5	Conclusion
Existe alguma associação entre gravidade de degeneração discal e dor lombar?
Authors: Foizer Guilherme Augusto , Paiva Vagner Cleyton de , Nascimento Rodrigo Domingues do , Gorios Carlos , Cliquet Júnior Alberto , Miranda João Batista de 
Published: October 2021

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar a possibilidade de maiores graus de degeneração discal levarem a maiores dor e disfunção.
Métodos Exames de imagem por ressonância magnética (IRM) de 85 pacientes com lombalgia idiopática por mais de 12 semanas foram avaliados, sendo quantificado o grau de degeneração discal de acordo com a escala de Pfirrmann. O grau de Pfirrmann em cada espaço discal de L1-L2 a L5-S1, o grau máximo de Pfirrmann (Pfirrmann-max) entre os discos lombares, e a soma dos graus de Pfirrmann (Pfirrmann-soma) foram correlacionados (por meio do teste de Spearman) com o Índice de Incapacidade de Oswestry (IIO) e a escala visual analógica (EVA) de dor.
Resultados No total, 87% dos pacientes tinha degeneração discal moderada ou acentuada medida pelo Pfirrmann-max, sendo L4-L5 e L5-S1 os discos mais degenerados. Houve uma correlação de fraca a moderada entre o Pfirrmann-max (r = 0,330; p = 0.002) e a Pfirrmann-soma (r = 0,266; p = 0,037) e o IIO, e entre o grau de Pfirrmann em L1-L2 e o IIO e a EVA.
Conclusão A degeneração discal lombar moderada ou acentuada é frequente em indivíduos com lombalgia crônica idiopática, e tem um impacto negativo na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Pequenos graus de degeneração discal em L1-L2 podem determinar maior grau de dor e maior incapacidade funcional.
Fixador externo tipo delta no manejo pós-operatório de retalhos microcirúrgicos no membro inferior: Experiência de um hospital terciário
Authors: Vasconcelos Bruno Moraes , Matiotti Neto Mario , Rezende Luis Guilherme Rosifini Alves , Cagnolati Amanda Favaro , Irusta Alex Eduardo Calderón , Mazzer Nilton 
Published: October 2021

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar o uso de fixadores externos, na configuração kickstand do tipo delta, como método adjuvante no período pós-operatório de pacientes submetidos a retalhos livres nos membros inferiores.
Métodos Ao todo, 17 fixadores externos do tipo delta foram utilizados em pacientes submetidos a retalhos livres nos membros inferiores. A técnica cirúrgica foi realizada de forma padronizada, com o pino distal localizado 6 cm proximal à anastomose, e o pino proximal, 6cm distal à tuberosidade anterior da tíbia.
Resultados A idade média da amostra foi de 34,76 anos (variação: 15 a 66 anos). Foram selecionados 11 homens e 6 mulheres. Utilizou-se a artéria tibial posterior em 14 casos, e a tibial anterior, em 3 casos. O tempo médio de uso dos fixadores externos foi de 3,88 semanas. A taxa de reoperação foi de 17,64%; a de perda do retalho foi de 11,76%; a de sucesso foi de 88,23%; e a taxa de infecção foi de 5,9%.
Conclusão O uso de fixadores do tipo delta como método adjuvante no pós-operatório é confiável; porém, mais estudos são necessários para avaliar seu verdadeiro papel no pós-operatório.
Aspirina versus rivaroxabana na prevenção do tromboembolismo venoso após artroplastia total do joelho: Um ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado e duplo-cego
Authors: Hongnaparak Theerawit , Janejaturanon Jiranuwat , Iamthanaporn Khanin , Tanutit Pramot , Yuenyongviwat Varah 
Published: October 2021

Resumo
Objetivo A aspirina (ácido acetilsalicílico, AAS) e a rivaroxabana são anticoagulantes que vêm ganhando popularidade devido à facilidade de uso na prevenção do tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) após artroplastia total do joelho (ATJ). Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do AAS em comparação com a da rivaroxabana na profilaxia de TEV em pacientes submetidos a ATJ.
Método Quarenta pacientes com osteoartrite primária do joelho, que seriam submetidos a ATJ, foram randomizados em dois grupos. No total, 20 pacientes do grupo AAS usaram aspirina oral, na dose de 300 mg/dia, para a profilaxia do TEV após ATJ; e 20 pacientes do grupo rivaroxabana receberam uma dose oral de 10 mg/dia. No 4° e 14° dias do pós-operatório, trombose venosa profunda (TVP) dos membros inferiores no lado da cirurgia foi detectada por meio de ultrassonografia duplex. Foram registradas outras complicações durante catorze dias.
Resultados Não foram detectados achados positivos de TVP com a ultrassonografia duplex nos grupos de pacientes, e não se observou a ocorrência de embolia pulmonar. No total, 4 pacientes apresentaram equimose subcutânea no 4° dia do pós-operatório (2 pacientes no grupo AAS e 2 pacientes no grupo rivaroxabana; p = 1,0), e outros 4 pacientes, no 14° dia do pós-operatório (1 paciente no grupo AAS e 3 pacientes no grupo rivaroxabana; p = 0,292). Nenhum paciente da amostra apresentou hematoma da ferida cirúrgica, sangramento de órgão importante, infecção da ferida, ou necessidade de nova cirurgia.
Conclusão A aspirina e a rivaroxabana apresentaram eficácia comparável na prevenção do TEV, sem aumentar a incidência de complicações da ferida e sangramento após ATJ.
Does free hospitalization insurance change health care consumption of the poor? Short-term evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Helmsmüller Simona , Landmann Andreas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe analyze short-term effects of free hospitalization insurance for the poorest quintile of the population in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. First, we exploit that eligibility is based on an exogenous poverty score threshold and apply a regression discontinuity design. Second, we exploit imperfect rollout and compare insured and uninsured households using propensity score matching. With both methods we fail to detect significant effects on the incidence of hospitalization. Whereas the program did not meaningfully increase the quantity of health care consumed, insured households more often choose private hospitals, indicating a shift towards higher perceived quality of care.
Micro telecom computing architecture.4-based beam position monitor electronics design for storage ring of Hefei advanced light facility
Authors: Liang Yu , Tang Leilei , Xie Chunjie , Lu Ping , Wu Fangfang , Sun Baogen , Wang Lin , Zhou Zeran 
Published: October 2021

The Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF) is a fourth-generation vacuum ultraviolet and x-ray diffraction limit synchrotron radiation (DLSR) light source now under preliminary research. To achieve ultralow beam emittance and small beam size, the orbit of the beam in the DLSR storage ring should meet the stability requirement at submicrometer scale. The beam position monitor (BPM) electronics measures the orbit and is hence an essential part of the beam orbit control system. In this article, we design a BPM electronics based on the MicroTCA.4 (Micro Telecom Computing Architecture) standards platform, which consists of a MicroTCA.4 module (including a chassis, a power supply, and a digital board), a customized RF front end module, and a frequency synthesizer. In-phase and quadrature sampling and digital signal processing algorithms are implemented to obtain turn-by-turn data, fast acquisition data at a 10 kHz rate, and slow acquisition data at a 10 Hz rate. To evaluate the performance and function of BPM electronics, we conducted offline tests in the laboratory and beam tests based on the storage ring of Hefei Light Source II (HLS II), a light source similar to the HALF as an alternative. Test results indicate that the performance of MicroTCA.4-based BPM electronics can meet the requirements of the HALF storage ring.
Majority of US urban natural gas emissions unaccounted for in inventories
Authors: Sargent Maryann R. , Floerchinger Cody , McKain Kathryn , Budney John , Gottlieb Elaine W. , Hutyra Lucy R. , Rudek Joseph , Wofsy Steven C. 
Published: October 2021

SignificanceMethane emissions from distribution and end use of natural gas (NG) are not well known. We analyzed atmospheric methane measurements to quantify NG emissions in the Boston area over ∼8 y, finding NG emissions approximately three times larger than calculated by usage-based inventories. We observed no change in emissions over 8 y despite efforts from the state to address NG pipeline leaks. Seasonal emissions are directly related to consumption of NG, implying that sources other than pipelines, such as transmission and appliances, are important and may require future policy action. We estimate total supply chain losses of 3.3 to 4.7% for NG consumed in urban areas, which significantly increases the climate impacts of NG compared to Environmental Protection Agency estimates.