bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity Analysis of GaN/AlGaN Quantum Dot Based Led
Authors: Kandasamy Sumathi , K Nagarajan K , R Srinivasan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The impact of various geometrical parameters and doping parameters on the performance of GaN/AlGaN quantum dot-based light-emitting diode using 3D numerical simulations have been studied in this work. The parameters are ranked based on their sensitivity coefficients. Four important performance metrics, (i) internal quantum efficiency, (ii) responsivity, (iii) optical gain, and (iv) input power are used for this study. The bottom radius of the quantum dot is found to be the most significant parameter with respect to the internal quantum efficiency and optical gain. Nanocolumn radius is the most significant parameter with respect to Responsivity and input power. The overall ranking suggests that the Nanocolumn radius is the most sensitive parameter.
Influencing Factors and Decoupling Analysis of Carbon Emissions in China's Manufacturing Industry
Authors: jin baoling , Han ying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The manufacturing industry directly reflects national productivity, and it is also an industry with serious carbon emissions, which has attracted wide attention. This study decomposes the influential factors on carbon emissions in China’s manufacturing industry from 1995 to 2018 into industry value added (IVA), energy consumption (E), fixed asset investment (FAI), carbon productivity (CP), energy structure (EC), energy intensity (EI), investment carbon intensity (ICI) and investment efficiency (IE) by Generalized Divisia Index Model (GDIM). The decoupling analysis is carried out to investigate the decoupling states of the manufacturing industry under the pressure of "low carbon" and "economy.” Considering the technological heterogeneity, we study the influential factors and decoupling status of the light industry and the heavy industry. The results show that: (1) Carbon emissions of the manufacturing industry present an upward trend, and the heavy industry is the main contributor. (2) Fixed asset investment (FAI), industry value added (IVA) are the driving forces of carbon emissions. Investment carbon intensity (ICI), carbon productivity (CP), investment efficiency (IE), and energy intensity (EI) have inhibitory effects. The impact of the energy consumption (E) and energy structure (EC) are fluctuating. (3) The decoupling state of the manufacturing industry has improved. Fixed asset investment (FAI), industry value added (IVA) hinder the decoupling; carbon productivity (CP), investment carbon intensity (ICI), investment efficiency (IE), and energy intensity (EI) promote the decoupling.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Oligoclonal Immunoglobulin Gamma Bands and Long-term Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Karrenbauer Virginija , Bedri Sahl , Hillert Jan , Manouchehrinia Ali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with and without the oligoclonal band (OCB) distribution of immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has a different genetic background and brain MRI features. In this study we have aimed to determine whether CSF-OCB status is associated with long-term disability outcomes. We used Swedish MS register data on clinically definite MS patients with known OCB status. Date of birth, MS onset and date at sustained Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score milestones 3, 4, 6, date at conversion to secondary progressive (SP) MS, sex, and immunomodulatory treatment (IMTs) duration were collected. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to investigate the association between OCB status and risk of reaching each milestone. The OCB-positive group reached disability milestones at earlier time and at younger age. OCB-positivity significantly increased the risk of reaching EDSS score 3.0 (HR=1.29, 95%CI: 1.12 to 1.48, P<0.001) and 4.0 (HR= 1.38, 95%CI: 1.17 to 1.63, P<0.001). The OCB-positive group had a 20 % higher risk to convert to SPMS. CSF-OCBs presence is associated with higher risk to reach EDSS milestones and to convert to SPMS. Our findings suggest higher disease modifying effect of OCB presence in the early inflammatory stages of MS.
Descriptor and scaling relations for ion mobility in battery electrodes and solid electrolytes
Authors: Sotoudeh Mohsen , Groß Axel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on first-principles electronic structure calculations, we have derived an efficient physical descriptor for the ion mobility in battery electrodes and solid electrolytes which is a critical performance parameter in electrochemical energy storage and conversion. This descriptor is entirely composed of observables that are easily accessible: ionic radii, oxidation states and the difference in the Pauling electronegativities of the involved species. Within a particular class of materials, the activation barriers for migration are connected to this migration parameter through linear scaling relations both as far as the variation of the cation chemistry of the charge carriers and the anion chemistry of the host lattice are concerned. The validity of these scaling relations indicates that a purely ionic view of ion mobility in solids falls short of capturing all factors influencing this mobility. The identification of these scaling relations has the potential to significantly accelerate the discovery of materials with desired mobility properties.
Cross-validated Probabilistic Seismic Hazard&nbsp;
Authors: SALAZAR WALTER 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We propose a cross-validated seismic hazard (CVSH) method contrasting time-independent and dependent models via the Poisson and Weibull probability cumulative distributions. Based on the upper-limit spectral accelerations retrieved from the time-dependent models, we infer that in the memoryless Poisson approach, the selected lifetime of buildings is location-dependent rather than a fixed classical value of 50 years for all sites. All models compute the seismic hazard for magnitudes M 5-7.83 by the influence of the interface subduction zone in El Salvador at three locations, the Capital City San Salvador, the Port of Acajutla on the coastline, and Arcatao Town in the North of the country returning average spectral accelerations with less than 10% differences in all cases.
Neutralizing Anti-interferon-γ Autoantibodies; An Ameliorating Factor in COVID-19 Infection?
Authors: Kacar Mark , Cortes-Acevedo Paulina , Patel Vinesh , Carter Clive , Hughes Pamela , McGann Hugh P. , Gkrania-Klotsas Effrossyni , Baxendale Helen , Barcenas-Morales Gabriela , Doffinger Rainer , Savic Sinisa 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Elevated levels of interferon-gamma (IFNγ) have been found in COVID-19 infection, however its role in this setting remains poorly understood. Cases of non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infections due to anti-IFNγ autoantibodies (Ab) were first reported in 2004. NTM and COVID-19 co-infection in a patient with acquired IFNγ deficiency has not previously been described. The impact of anti-IFNγ Ab on the severity of COVID-19 has not been previously explored. Objective: We report a case of COVID-19 infection in a patient hospitalised with NTM infection due to acquired IFNγ deficiency caused by anti-IFNγ Ab. We also explore effects of IFNγ Ab on the severity of COVID-19 infection. Methods: Detailed immunological investigations were performed. Bio-rad, Bio-Plex methodology was used to detect anti-IFNγ Ab, titration, IFNγ recovery assay and SARS-CoV-2 serology. Anti-IFNγ Ab were tested in patients with severe (COV-Pat) and health care workers with mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 infection (COV-Asx). Results: Mycobacterium avium intracellulare was diagnosed following bone marrow examination and culture. High titre anti-IFNγ Ab were detected in patient’s serum. The autoantibodies neutralized both endogenously produced and exogenously administered IFNγ. SARS-COV-2 infection was identified during routine inpatient testing. Despite prolonged SARS-COV-2 infection the patient showed only minimal additional symptoms, never developed any significant inflammatory complications and eventually mounted an adequate IgG antibody response to the SARS-COV-2 trimeric S-protein. Elevated titres of anti-IFNγ Ab were detected in COV-Pat and COV-Asx, compared to non-infected healthy controls. The titres were broadly similar between COV-Pat and COV-Asx groups, but much lower compared to patients with acquired IFNγ Ab deficiency. Conclusion: IFN-γ is known to play a central role in hyperinflammatory disease states such as macrophage activation syndrome This study illustrates the potential value of inhibiting IFNγ to prevent pathological inflammatory response to COVID-19.
Socio-Economic Effects of Customer Knowledge, Political Support, and Innovation on the Growth of Islamic Banking System; Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Abrar Maira , Jabeen Shehla , Abbas sohail 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Islamic banking is the most rising component in the economy for reasonable advancement of Pakistan tributary yet. Despite what might be expected, real impediments that interfere with the developments in Islamic money keeping are client information, political help, and advancement. The Islamic banking and money related segments proceed to develop, and ways incorporates the necessity to make new products. It isn't generally the absence of venture substitutes that urge associations to propose organized items. The examination incorporated the specimen of 100 individuals. Stratified-arbitrary testing method is utilized to deal with both public and private associations workers. A measurable tool named SPSS was utilized to separate the outcome which demonstrates that effect of customer knowledge, political support, and innovative advancement in development of Islamic money keep that might be conclusive. The reasonable advancement has three parts satisfaction incorporated the social equity, monetary soundness, and ecological trustworthiness by development of Islamic banking. It is inferred that Islamic bank could be worldview phenomenon in making the credit. However, national bank should make the product which can viably upgrade Islamic Banking. There is a strong microeconomics ground of Islamic financing for the economy wide conduct of good monetary issues and issues including the procedure structure. Islamic bank clients limit the dangers related with premium based obligation financing, and simple credit, which tormented regular banks amid the sub-prime home loan emergency. Conclusively, general monetary development of Islamic banking in Muslim nations will drive development of Islamic money related administrations, prompting further in Sharia-consistent system.
Low Temperature Induces Infectious Nonresuscitatable VBNC&nbsp;Cells in Ralstonia Pseudosolanacearum
Authors: Faridi Neha , Samuel Merwyn Packia raj , Bhatt Shalini , Agrawal Ankur , Pande Veena , Bala Madhu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum and other members of Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) causes the disease bacterial wilt in many crops of economic importance. The organism is known to form Viable But Non Culturable cells (VBNC). VBNCs resuscitate invitro during the “resuscitation window” period and are infectious Previous studies have identified nonresuscitatable VBNCs in various bacterial genus including RSSC, however their infectivity was not elucidated and described. In this work, VBNCs of two Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum strains were generated by exposing the microcosms to psychrophilic stress, UV-C radiation and 70% isopropanol. Both resuscitatable and nonresuscitatable VBNCs were observed in psychrophilic and UV-C stressed microcosms. The nonresuscitatable VBNCs generated at psychrophilic temperature were found infective. Based on resuscitation properties, nonresuscitatable VBNCs can be considered as a different VBNC type from resuscitatable VBNCs.
MicroRNA-29a Inhibits the Occurrence of Endometrial Carcinoma by Regulating mTOR Signal Pathway Through STAT3
Authors: Wu Yaling , Li Huihui , Li Xue , Luo Jin , Wang Yingmei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: As a tumor suppressor, miR-29a is involved in the progression of multiple tumors. Its specific role in human endometrial carcinoma (EC) cells remains unclear. Methods: The cells with the overexpression and knockdown of miR-29a were constructed, their effects on EC cell lines were detected, and the binding sites of miR-29a and STAT3 were analyzed. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 and colony formation assay. The apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.Results: miR-29a inhibitors increased the survival rate of EC cells, thus inhibiting the apoptosis. miR-29a inhibitors can also promote AKT/mTOR signal pathway. miR-29a mimics lead to diametrically opposite results. The data set analyses showed that STAT3 may be the downstream target of miR-29a. miR-29a inhibited the expression of STAT3 in EC cells. STAT3 promoted cell viability and inhibited apoptosis by activating AKT/mTOR signal pathway. miR-29a mimics can block the proliferation of EC cells induced by STAT3 overexpression and the activation of AKT/mTOR signal pathway. Conclusions: miR-29a inhibits cell growth by targeting STAT3 and inhibiting AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. miR-29a/STAT3/AKT/mTOR may become a new target axis of clinical treatment.
Extracellular vesicles-transmitted miR-21a-5p altered microglia polarization after hypoxia-ischemic injury in neonatal mice via STAT3 pathways
Authors: Xin Danqing , Zhao Yijing , Li Tingting , Ke Hongfei , Gai Chengcheng , Guo Xiaofan , Chen Wenqiang , Liu Dexiang , Zhen Wang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background We previously reported that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) exhibit protective effects in hypoxia-ischemia (HI) brain damage. The neuroprotective action was connected with its anti-inflammatory effect. However, the mechanisms involved with this effect have not been determined. Methods A modified version of the Rice-Vannucci method was performed on postnatal day 7 mouse pups to induce neonatal HI brain injury. The model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was established in BV-2 cells to mimic HI injury in vitro. Mice or BV-2 cells received EVs and EVs-miR-21ainhibitor at indicative time post-injury. In vivo, brain water content and TTC staining were used to evaluate the effects of EVs on HI brain injury. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the effect of EVs on the polarization of microglia. The effect of EVs on p-STAT3 was assessed by Western blot. In vitro, the effect of EVs on cell survival was evaluated by CCK8. Expression of miR-21a-5p and inflammatory factors was measured using qRT-PCR. Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay was performed to illustrate the link between miR-21a-5p and STAT3. The role of miR-21a-5p in EVs on HI injury and ODG injury was further investigated by using EVs-miR-21ainhibitor.Results By using OGD mimicking HI injury in vitro, we found that MSCs-EVs treatment elevated cell viability following OGD exposure in BV-2 cells. MSCs-EVs treatment impeded microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, shifted microglia toward M2 polarization, and suppressed the phosphorylation of selective signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in microglia after HI exposure in vitro and in vivo. In light of miR-21a-5p being the most highly expressed miRNA in MSCs-EVs interacting with the STAT3 pathway, further work focused on this pathway. Notably, MSCs-EVs treatment increased HI-reduced miR-21a-5p levels in BV-2 cells. Diminishing miR-21a-5p in MSCs-EVs partially attenuated its effect on microglia polarization and STAT3 phosphorylation following HI exposure in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our study suggested that MSCs-EVs attenuated HI brain damage in neonatal mice via shuttling miR-21a-5p, which induced microglia M2 polarization by targeting STAT3.
Reconstruction of Epidural Fat to Prevent Epidural Fibrosis after Laminectomy in Rabbits
Authors: Liu Xiangsheng , Zhang Feifei , Li Linli , He Yiqun , Dong Youhai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Laminectomy can effectively decompress the spinal cord and expand the vertebral canal. However, the fibrosis that appears may cause adherence and recompression of the spinal cord or/ and nerve root, which may cause Failed Back Syndrome (FBS) and make the re-exposure process more difficult. Reconstruction of the epidural fat may be an ideal method to achieve satisfactory results. Methods: Thirty-six New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control, ECM, and ECM+aMSCs groups. Saline, ECM gel, and ECM+aMSC complex were placed respectively at the fifth lumbar vertebrate of the rabbits. Epidural fat and fibrosis formation were detected by MRI and histologically at the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of IL-6 and TGF-β. Results: MRI and Oil Red O staining revealed epidural fat formation at the 12th week in the ECM+aMSCs group. H&E staining showed that the numbers of fibroblasts in the ECM gel and ECM+aMSCs groups were less than the control group at the 4th and 8th weeks (P<0.05). Masson’s trichrome staining showed that the proportion of collagen fibers in the ECM gel and ECM+aMSCs group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). Quantitative RT-PCR showed the expressions of TGF-β and IL-6 were lower in the ECM gel and ECM+aMSCs group than the control group (P<0.05) at the 4th week, but higher at the 8th week. Conclusion: We successfully reconstructed the epidural fat with ECM gel and aMSC complex; additionally, IL-6 and TGF-β cytokines were lower at early stage after laminectomy.
The Effects of Nest Location and Beach Environment on Hatching Success for Leatherback (Dermochelys Coriacea) and Green (Chelonia Mydas) Sea Turtles on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
Authors: Veelenturf Callie A. , Sinclair Elizabeth M. , Leopold Peter , Paladino Frank V. , Honarvar Shaya 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Hatching success in sea turtles is hindered by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors. This study of the nesting ecology of leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) and green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtles, investigated how several environmental factors and beach characteristics on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea influence sea turtle reproductive success. Average clutch hatching success was 40.4% for green turtles and 41.73% for leatherback turtles. For leatherback turtles, clutch elevation relative to the high tide line (HTL) was found to be the most influential factor in determining hatching success, highlighting the sensitivity of this species to sea level rise (SLR). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that nest distance to vegetation and sand conductivity also played significant roles in leatherback clutch hatching success. For leatherback clutches, 33% percent of experimental nests were affected by inundation and 17% by predation. An optimum clutch elevation range for leatherback turtles was identified, where a distinct increase in hatching success was observed between -0.286 m to -0.0528 m above the HTL. For green sea turtles, 64% of experimental nests were affected by predation, confounding conclusions about the roles of environmental characteristics in green turtle hatching success. We propose further investigation into influential characteristics in green turtle nests and confirmation of the observed optimum elevation range on Bioko Island and other nesting grounds. Identified sensitivities of each species to SLR and beach characteristics will be used to encourage the government of Equatorial Guinea to consider the vulnerability of their resident turtle populations when planning for future coastal development.
Neo-Family History Score Is A Novel Biomarker of Pathological Complete Response, Safety, and Survival Outcomes In Patients With Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Analysis of Two Prospective Trials
Authors: Xu Yaqian , Lin Yanping , Wu Yifan , Wang Yaohui , Zhou Liheng , Xu Shuguang , Peng Jing , Zhang Jie , Yin Wenjin , Lu Jinsong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Homologous recombination repair gene mutations are associated with increased platinum-based chemosensitivity, whereas few studies have reported the predictive value of family history of cancer for breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting. This study aimed to construct a brief and effective novel family history scoring system and explore its association with pathological complete response (pCR), survival outcomes, and safety for locally advanced breast cancer receiving platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods: A total of 262 patients treated with neoadjuvant cisplatin and paclitaxel were included. Neo-Family History Score (NeoFHS) was calculated according to cancer type, age at diagnosis, kinship, and number of affected relatives. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the association between pCR and NeoFHS. Survival rates were compared by Kaplan-Meier curves, examined by log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard regressions.Results: For all patients enrolled in this study, clinical tumor stage (p=0.048), estrogen receptor status (p=0.001), progesterone receptor status (p=0.036), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status (p=0.013), and molecular subtype (p=0.016) were significantly related to NeoFHS. The multivariate logistic regression revealed that NeoFHS is an independent predictive factor of pCR (OR=2.262, 95% CI 1.159-4.414, p=0.017), especially in node-positive (OR=3.088, 95% CI 1.498-6.367, p=0.002), hormone receptor-positive (OR=2.645, 95% CI 1.164-6.010, p=0.020), and HER2-negative subgroups (OR=4.786, 95% CI 1.550-14.775, p=0.006). Kaplan-Meier estimates suggested that NeoFHS could serve as an independent prognostic factor for relapse-free survival in the whole group (adjusted HR=0.305, 95% CI 0.102-0.910, p=0.033) and node-positive subgroup (adjusted HR=0.317, 95% CI 0.103-0.973, p=0.045). Furthermore, alopecia (p=0.001), nausea (p=0.001), peripheral neuropathy (p=0.018), diarrhea (p=0.026), constipation (p=0.037) of any grade and leukopenia of grade 3 or greater (p=0.005) were more common in patients with higher NeoFHS.Conclusions: Our study revealed that NeoFHS is a practical and effective biomarker for predicting not only pCR and survival outcomes but also chemotherapy-induced AEs for neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy for breast cancer. It may help screen candidate responders and guide safety managements in the future.