bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
СУЧАСНІ ОСВІТНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ У РОЗВИТКУ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ
Authors: Чистякова Людмила 
Published: March 2021

Стаття має на меті дослідити впровадження новітніх технологій у сучасну освіту задля формування екологічної культури у студентів педагогічних спеціальностей, зокрема, майбутніх учителів трудового навчання та технологій.
Екологічна культура може бути інтегрована у рамки сталої та неперервної освіти з урахуваннях усіх характерних особливостей за допомогою інноваційних технологій. Був виявлений механізм, за яким культурні особливості, безпосередньо пов’язані з екологією, можуть бути інтегровані у загальну культурну сферу, що формується внаслідок навчання у ЗВО. З’ясовано, що залучення майбутніх фахівців до основних імперативів, властивих екологічній культурі, повинно відбуватись відповідно до сучасних стратегій розвитку освіти, щоб створити міцну основу для подальшого формування ціннісної орієнтації представників студентства.
Estudio crítico de la justicia penal y sistema de excepción en México
Authors: Santantacruz Lima Rafael 
Published: March 2021

El presente trabajo de investigacón busca realiza un estudio partiendo de la idea que el sistema de justicia penal en México, ha desarrollado tres sistemas diferentes en la justicia penal, sistema acusatorio, medios alternos de solución de controversias y sistema de excepción. Es por ello que, vale la pena estudiar y abordar una de las anteriores clasificaiones que presenta la justicia penal en México, el sistema penal de excepción, que de manera descriptiva ha sido incorporado en el texto constitucional, y normas secundarias, cuyas características ponen en contradicción al sistema acusatorio, por enunciar de manera operativa e invasiva ciertas figuras jurídicas que buscan restringir y limitar derechos fundamentales de las partes en el enjuiciamiento criminal, generando con ello una serie de cuestionamientos que ponen en evidencia que la justicia penal en México no es del todo garantista. Por lo tanto, y siguiendo los postulados de los sistemas democráticos, de otorgar un máximo de seguirdad jurídica en el proceso penal podemos establecer que, el sistema penal de excepción esta lejos de ser un sistema que vaya de la mano con el Estado Constitucional, por el contrario, con sus caracteristicas, elementos y funciones se asemeja más al aspecto operativo de un Estado autoritario e inquisitivio.
Spinal arteriovenous fistula in the lipoma of the filum terminale: A report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Shimizu Kiyoharu , Mitsuhara Takafumi , Takeda Masaaki , Yamaguchi Satoshi 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Filum terminale arteriovenous fistulas (FTAVFs) are rare and their pathogenesis remains unknown. The authors report two cases of FTAVF that arose in the lipoma of the filum terminale.

Case Description:
The two patients were 72 and 76 years of age, and both presented with a progressive paraparesis. The first patient had an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) located at L5 that was supplied by the anterior spinal artery originating from the left T10 intercostal artery. The second patient’s AVF at L3-4 was fed by the anterior spinal artery originating from the left T8 intercostal artery. Both patients underwent partial resection of the filum terminale at the location of the shunts. The pathological examinations revealed that both the AVFs were embedded in the adipose tissue of the filum terminale, revealing the fatty fila that were not visible in preoperative magnetic resonance images.

Conclusion:
Two cases of FTAVF were successfully treated by obliterating the fistulas through partial resection of the affected fatty filum terminale. The literature review revealed 13 cases of FTAVF concomitant with the lipomas of the filum terminale. Resection and histological evaluation of the filum terminale should be performed to treat and elucidate the pathogenesis of FTAVF.
Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction following subacute subdural hematoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Moughal Saad , Uberti Micaela , Al-Mousa Alaa , Al-Dwairy Salem , Shtaya Anan , Pereira Erlick 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Subacute subdural hematomas (ASDH) are only treated surgically when they cause mass effect significant enough to give symptoms. Rarely, sub-ASDH may cause enough pressure to result in a malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory infarction. Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is the last resort to reduce intracranial pressure following malignant MCA infarction. Herein, we review the literature and describe a case of MCA/posterior cerebral artery (PCA) territories infarction following drainage of a sub-ASDH that was treated with DC with good outcome.

Case Description:
We report a case of malignant right-sided MCA/PCA infarction in a 62-year-old man who presented with progressive headache following a cycling incident leading to a head injury. Initial CT head demonstrated a small right ASDH. He had no neurological deficit, headache settled on analgesia, and there was no expansion of the SDH on the repeat CT; therefore, he was managed conservatively. He was admitted 6-days later with worsening headaches and hyponatremia. Repeat CT revealed an increase in size of the hematoma and mass effect leading to a mini-craniotomy and evacuation of hematoma. He developed left-sided hemiplegia, slurred speech and hyponatremia, and CT head demonstrated a right-sided MCA/PCA infarction with significant mass effect. He underwent emergent DC and subsequent cranioplasty and ultimately recovered to mRS of 2.

Conclusion:
SDH are frequent neurosurgical entities. Malignant MCA/PCA strokes following mini-craniotomies are rare but need to be considered especially during the consent process.
Brain abscess in a rheumatoid arthritis patient treated with leflunomide – A case presentation and review
Authors: Samara Efthymia , Siasios Ioannis , Katsiardanis Konstantinos , Liaptsi Eirini , Tsoleka Kalliopi , Deretzi Georgia 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Immunosuppression is a significant parameter in the pathogenesis of brain abscesses (BA) and it could be the result of severe infections such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or drug-induced, by several medications used for systemic autoimmune diseases. Leflunomide is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor that affects the proliferation of lymphocytes and is used as a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug. Mild infections, particularly those of the respiratory tract and herpes zoster, are one of its most common adverse effects. However, atypical and severe infections have also been reported under treatment with leflunomide.

Case Description:
A 70-year old female was referred to our hospital with headache, aphasia, and right-sided hemiparesis and a lesion of the left parietal lobe initially interpreted as a malignancy. Her medical history revealed a 12-year old history of rheumatoid arthritis under current treatment with leflunomide. A cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed typical findings for a BA. She subsequently underwent a left craniotomy, which confirmed the MRI-based diagnosis. The abscess was evacuated and cultures were obtained intraoperatively. In the postoperative examination, the patient showed no neurological deficit.

Conclusion:
The differential diagnostic considerations in immunocompromised patients with neurologic deficits should include focal central nervous system infections such as a BA, even in the absence of fever or immunosuppressant-induced leukopenia. It also demonstrates the importance of early neurosurgical intervention for the prevention of sequelae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second-to-date reported case of a BA under immunomodulatory therapy with leflunomide.
La interactividad – interacción en la Televisión Digital Terrestre.
Authors: Valverde-Lojano Carlos Antonio 
Published: March 2021

Es importante el consumidor de contenidos televisivos desde que se empieza a producir el mensaje. Es la audiencia propia, el que decide o no quedarse con el mensaje o simplemente cambiar de canal. En las nuevas tecnologías de la Televisión Digital Terrestre (TDT), el productor de contenidos audiovisuales y los medios televisivos deben primero pensar en las audiencias para preparar su contenido interactivo, es decir, ir más allá de solo mostrar un producto audiovisual. Sino mostrar contenido en donde la interacción (relación entre canal y audiencia), sea la prioridad para que el usuario, donde maneje mensajes ocultos o en segundo plano, pero no menos importantes. El alcance de investigación es precisar cuál es su rol en las nuevas tecnologías de la TDT, que es la interactividad y la interacción mientras el usuario (audiencia) ve televisión. En la actualidad, la Interacción desde la recepción, se ha utilizado para referirse a las tecnologías y servicios interactivos que comparten. De forma sencilla se define a la interacción en televisión como la oferta de contenidos a través de un medio de transmisión que disponga de un canal de retorno y la interactividad el echo sencillo de manejar el control remoto, pero esto va más allá de simples conceptos.
Transdisciplina, arquitectura y filosofía: un ejercicio de análisis del contexto
Authors: Contreras-Escandón Christian Hernán 
Published: March 2021

El siguiente texto presenta una propuesta transdisciplinar entre arquitectura y filosofía. La primera parte plantea la noción de complejidad, de transversalidad y el potencial de su entendimiento y experimentación disciplinar en los procesos de la arquitectura y el urbanismo. Se esboza que los procesos transdisciplinares permitirían ampliar los métodos de análisis contextual que son comunes en el campo de la arquitectura y el urbanismo. En la segunda parte del texto se presentan los resultados de un ejercicio transdisciplinar entre arquitectura y filosofía, que se realizó con la participación de 8 estudiantes[1] de la Carrera de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca-Ecuador, cuyo objetivo fue experimentar el espacio empleando una categoría de la filosofía para el análisis del contexto y de situaciones contextuales. A manera de conclusión se plantea el valor de una propuesta transdisciplinar por lo que permite formar análisis que sean resultado de intercambios, cooperaciones y multi-competencias disciplinares, ejercicios que no sólo pueden ser explorados en la arquitectura y el urbanismo sino en varias ciencias del saber contemporáneo.

[1] Los estudiantes participantes fueron: Carlos Xavier Vera Becerra (noveno ciclo), Angélica María Ochoa Paredes (octavo ciclo), Iván Mauricio Andrade Quintuña (noveno ciclo), Jennifer Eliana Cueva Vargas (sexto ciclo paralelo B), Jonnathan Adrián Benalcázar Quizhpi (sexto ciclo), María Belén Guambaña Sánchez (sexto ciclo) y Verónica Patricia López Galarza (sexto ciclo). El trabajo se puede revisar en el siguiente link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/3car960k7cn2zmn/lamina bienal arq.pdf?dl=0
Effectiveness of Online Learning during The Covid-19 Pandemic in Deli Serdang District Junior High School
Authors: Mukhlasin Ahmad , Hidayat Pasaribu Mansyur 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to explain about the effectiveness of online learning during the covid-19 pandemic in junior high school in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, this research method is descriptive qualitative and conducted with online media, the result of this study is: The implementation of online learning in SMP Deli Serdang district contributes to habituation efforts in using online applications that are likely to grow in the future. Teachers' ability to choose learning methods and their skills in operationalizing online learning applications strongly supports the online learning process. All teachers of Deli Serdang District Junior High School are able to operate WhatsApp application even though it is not yet maximized. This online learning is considered ineffective in Deli Serdang Junior High School, because there are still obstacles such as: 1) quotas that must be purchased by students, 2) the assignments given always accumulate, 3) the conditions and circumstances of the student's home are different so that students must be divided into focus with other things, 4) understanding and explanation of the teacher has been delivered but less so directly understood by students so that they need help from others, 5) intrinsic motivation of students, lack of motivation to learn from parents. The success of the online learning system depends largely on some components of learning itself, whether from students, learning resource teachers, or information technology. .
Effects of morphological changes in the esophageal mucosa in gastroesophageal reflux disease on the indicators of the antioxidant system in students with autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Pasiieshvili T. M. 
Published: March 2021

Objective — to establish changes in indicators of the antioxidant defence system, taking into account the morphological form of the esophageal mucosa lesions in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), occurring against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT).
Materials and methods. The study involved 120 students with GERD and AIT, aged 18 to 25 years; from them 93 (77.5 %) females and 27 (22.5 %) males. The disease duration did nit exceed 3 years. Fibrogastroduodenoscopic examination has shown an erosive form of gastroesophageal reflux disease in 34 patients (28.3 %) and non‑erosive form of the disease was in 86 cases (71.7 %). Indicators of the total antioxidant activity of glutathione peroxidase and mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase were examined.
Results. A decrease in the total indicator of the total antioxidant activity was established, which was estimated as the failure of the first phase of the antioxidant defence system. At the same time, an increase in the activity of manganese superoxide dismutase and a decrease in the production of glutathione peroxidase were noted. The levels of total antioxidant activity and glutathione peroxidase correlated with morphological changes in the esophageal mucosa: the presence of the erosive form of the disease had a greater impact on the changes in these parameters.
Conclusions. The combined course of gastroesophageal reflux disease and autoimmune thyroiditis in students was accompanied by a decrease in the indicators of total antioxidant activity and glutathione peroxidase and an increase in the activity of manganese superoxide dismutase. The presence of erosions in the esophageal mucosa had a greater impact on the changes in the parameters of total antioxidant activity and glutathione peroxidase.
Assessment of urban heat island in Kathmandu valley (1999-2017)
Authors: Chidi Chhabi Lal , Magar Ramesh Kumar Salami , Magar Dipendra Salami 
Published: March 2021

Growing urbanization results built up surfaces converting from agriculture land, forest and other natural land cover surfaces. Increasing built up surfaces, means of transport and industrial activities are major results for increasing temperature in the city area as compared to other areas. Increasing heat is a concern to human health of the people living in urban areas. Increasing temperature in the city area in developing countries is being a growing concern. Kathmandu valley is one of the most rapidly growing urbanization in Nepal. The present study aims to assess the changing Land Surface Temperature (LST) in Kathmandu valley using LANDSAT 7 images. Similarly, Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect was evaluated in land use categories which were derived from Google Earth images. Study revealed that built up area contributed highly to increase land surface temperature. New built up with compact settlement area has higher land surface temperature as compare to other land use/land cover surfaces. City core has higher LST as compared to less urbanized and surrounding parts. The LST has highly increased during 1999 to 2017 with increasing urbanization. However, the ecological condition of UHI effect is not so bad till date but the study result indicated the continuous increasing urbanization may result worse ecological condition in Kathmandu Valley in the future.
People, place, and space: Theoretical and empirical reflections in studying urban open space
Authors: Timalsina Krishna Prasad 
Published: March 2021

People, place, and space are the main domain of spatial research which is widely discussed in the geographic discipline. Geographers always focus on the meanings related to space and human interactions to explain people, place, and space. The concept was explained by Richard Harsthrone (1959), Fred E Lukermann (1964), David Harvey (1969), Henri Lefebvre (1974), Yi-fu Tuan (1974), Edward Relph (1976) and Doreen Massey (2005), etc. As a human geographer, Yi.fu Tuan has a great contribution to explain people-place relations and further explained by Relph, Massey, and other scholars. Grounding on the geographic research traditions, this paper presents the concept of people, place, and space reviewing the historiographical literatures and some empirical research studies on people-space relations. Theorists have argued that people and space are deep-rooted in studying place attachment creating people’s sense of place. People’s actions and behaviors create meaning through their individual and communal behaviors in that space where they live and interact. Moreover, theoretical perspectives argue that placemaking is always associated with the social and cultural dimensions of a society. Empirically, as an indigenous society, people from the core area of Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) have been perceiving urban open space as a commonplace for social and cultural life activities whereas migrants’ people living in the newly growing settlements have been perceiving the open space as a place for recreation and social capital enhancement.
Service Learning: A Study of Relevancy in Nepal
Authors: Karki Dataram 
Published: March 2021

Service learning is one of the lately introduced curriculum as well as method of teaching in the world. In practice, it is applicable in both school and higher level. The curriculum is partial one which is made based on students’ direct participation in community. The theory of service learning is basically learning through experience. Many education provider institutions around the world have developed it as mandatory curriculum with objective of making students active and community friendly. The relevancy of the curriculum corresponds with ultimate objective of education. The offered curriculum can have insight to strengthen reciprocal relation between students and society, and let them know about society, knowledge and social issues. As such direct involvement of students in community changes their perspectives toward society and nation.
Nursing Practices in Dementia Management and Care in Nepal
Authors: Pathak Krishna Prasad 
Published: March 2021

Nurses fell barriers in management and care of dementia patients. A purposive random sampling approach identified 44 Registered Nurses (RN). The Knowledge of RNs’ with regard to the diagnosis, management and care of dementia was unsatisfactory on the aspects of practices and management barriers are presented with regard to the following issues: negative views of dementia, difficulty in diagnosing early stage dementia, acceptability of specialists and responsibility for extra issues, knowledge of dementias and ageing, less awareness of declining abilities and diminished resources to handle care, guidelines, awareness of epidemiology and advice giving, and communicating the diagnosis.The following paper outlines the problems and solutions that Nepalese nurses’ in the community need to adopt in order to deal effectively with its diagnosis, care and management.
Laparoscopic Surgery in COVID-19 Era in a Tertiary Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Thapa Ghanashyam , Nepal Bikash 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: There is great concern and risk of transmission of COVID-19 infection from the aerosolized smoke during laparoscopic surgery although there is a lack of enough literature to prove this. To minimize these risks and get the benefi t of laparoscopic surgery, we used a low-cost fi ltration system connected to an underwater seal bag fi lled with a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution.Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of prospectively maintained data of cases of laparoscopic surgeries using a low-cost fi ltration device system connected with an underwater seal bag fi lled with 5% sodium hypochlorite solution. Use of personal protective equipment, minimal staff in operative theatre, preoperatively testing of patients before admission for surgery was done. During surgery, minimal use of electrocautery in low power setting maintaining low pneumoperitoneum and cautious desuffl ation of smoke during and end of the procedure from one of the trocars fi tted to heat and moisture exchanger Filter, connected through a tube to 5 % sodium hypochlorite solution in underwater seal bag was performed.Results: During the lockdown from May 2020 to October 2020, 41 elective laparoscopic surgeries were done. All patients were tested negative before the procedure. No staff in operation theatre developed symptoms of COVID-19 or tested positive for COVID-19 infection for up to 2 weeks period.Conclusions: In this Pandemic situation, we have to co-habit with this SARS-Cov-2 virus. Minimally invasive surgeries can be continued with safety measures with modifications like the use of low-cost filtration devices for smoke filtration and evacuation.
Another Cryptogram in "Shakespeare's" Dedication to His Sonnets
Authors: Walach Harald 
Published: March 2021

I read with great interest the paper by Peter Sturrock and Kathleen Erickson (Sturrock & Erickson, 2020) on the Dedication in Shakespeare’s Sonnets. I am neither a scholar of literature, nor of Shakespeare, and I do not want to enter the fray as to who was the author of Shakespeare’s sonnets and plays. But I must confess that I found the arguments presented by Sturrock and Erickson intriguing. It is in that vein I would like to communicate an interesting finding. On page 302, Figure 21, of their paper, they present the Dedication of the Sonnets as a grid of 12 x 12 letters. This was done under the assumption that cryptograms can be deciphered better if they are laid out in a certain format. They then present the message they assume is contained there: “PRO PARE VOTIS EMERITER” as a devotion of Edward de Vere, the Earl of Oxford to his supposed friend, the Earl of Southampton, Henry Wriothesley. I find this a possible meaning. My experience with Latin texts – based on a translation of a medieval mystical writer from Latin into German and the reading of many original Latin texts, mainly from the middle ages and beyond (Hugo de Balma, 2017; Walach, 1994, 2010) – let another sequence jump out at me:
SI PATET PRO MIRE VERO RETIRO
The translation would read:
"If it becomes miraculously obvious [who I am], I retire."
That this is a reference of the proposed author, Edward de Vere, to himself would become clear from the double use of “vero”.