bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Soret and Dufour on bioconvective flow of nanofluid in porous square cavity
Authors: Balla Chandra Shekar , Ramesh Alluguvelli , Kishan Naikoti , Rashad Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article addresses the bioconvection in a porous cavity associated with Soret and Dufour effects. The bioconvective flow in a porous medium is based on Hillesdon and Pedley's model and is governed by nonlinear partial differential equations. These equations are transformed into a dimensionless form with suitable nondimensional parameters. The finite element method is employed to solve the dimensionless equations. The outcomes of the study are presented by streamlines, temperature distributions, isoconcentrations of solute, nanoparticles, and microorganisms. Furthermore, the tendency of average Nusselt number and average Sherwood number and the influence of Soret parameter, Dufour parameter, Peclet number, and bioconvective Rayleigh number is interpreted. Thermophoresis and Soret number show a strong effect on the concentration of nanoparticles. Brownian motion and thermophoresis exhibit a significant effect on the density distributions of microorganisms. The novelty of the paper is to combine the effects of Soret–Dufour and oxytactic bioconvection. The present study can be useful in the following applications: microbial‐enhanced oil recovery, toxin removal, antibiotics, and modeling of microfluidic devices.
Hepatoprotective effect of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib against cyclosporine‐A induced liver injury in rats through blocking the Bax/Cytochrome C/caspase‐3 apoptotic signaling pathway
Authors: Serrya Marwa S. , Nader Manar A. , Abdelmageed Marwa E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCyclosporine‐A (CsA) is a powerful immunosuppressive agent and hepatotoxicity results from CsA treatment. This study aimed to elucidate the effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib against CsA‐induced hepatotoxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were allocated into four groups and received drugs for 28 days as follows: Control group: received vehicle, Nilotinib group: received nilotinib (20 mg/kg orally), CsA group: received CsA by subcutaneous injection (20 mg/kg daily), CsA‐nilotinib: received nilotinib and CsA. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), liver function biomarkers, hepatic levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, nuclear factor erythroid‐2 like‐2 (Nrf2), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), IL‐1β, IL‐6, and cytochrome‐C were assessed. Additionally, the protein levels and mRNA expression of Bcl2 associated X protein (Bax), caspase‐3, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), hemoxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) were measured. Moreover, liver tissues were assessed histopathologically using hematoxylin–eosin and Masson trichrome stain. Nilotinib treatment decreased serum LDH, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ‐glutamyltransferase (γ‐GT), hepatic malondialdehyde, and cytochrome‐C. It also increased superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST), TAC, and Nrf2 compared to CsA‐injected rats. In addition, nilotinib decreased NF‐κB, IL‐1β, IL‐6, Bax, and caspase‐3, while elevated IL‐2 and immunoexpression of HO‐1. Additionally, mRNA expression of Bax and caspase‐3 was elevated and that of HO‐1 and inhibitory protein κB‐α was reduced in the nilotinib‐treated group. Moreover, nilotinib significantly attenuated CsA‐induced histopathological alterations. Nilotinib may have a promising role as a hepato‐protective through its antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory effects.
Cost saving, patient centered algorithm for progenitor cell mobilization for autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Sanikommu Srinivasa Reddy , Reese Emily S. , He Jiaxian , Lee Carlos , Ai Jing , Butler Candace M. , Jacobs Ryan , Hu Bei , Atrash Shebli , Trivedi Jigar , Bhutani Manisha , Voorhees Peter , Usmani Saad Z. , Ghosh Nilanjan , Fasan Omotayo , Druhan Lawrence J. , Symanowski James , Copelan Edward A. , Avalos Belinda R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAdministration of plerixafor with granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) mobilizes CD34+ cells much more effectively than G‐CSF alone, but cost generally limits plerixafor use to patients at high risk of insufficient CD34+ cell collection based on low peripheral blood (PB) CD34+ counts following 4 days of G‐CSF. We analyzed costs associated with administering plerixafor to patients with higher day 4 CD34+ cell counts to decrease apheresis days and explored the use of a fixed split dose of plerixafor instead of weight‐based dosing. We analyzed 235 patients with plasma cell disorders or non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma who underwent progenitor cell mobilization and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) between March 2014 and December 2017. Two hundred ten (89%) received G‐CSF plus Plerixafor and 25 (11%) received G‐CSF alone. Overall, 180 patients (77%) collected in 1 day, 53 (22%) in 2 days and 2 (1%) in 3 days. Based on our data, we present a probabilistic algorithm to identify patients likely to require more than one day of collection using G‐CSF alone. CD34+ cell yield, ANC and platelet recovery were not significantly different between fixed and standard dose plerixafor. Plerixafor enabled collection in 1 day and with estimated savings of $5000, compared to patients who did not receive plerixafor and required collection for three days. While collection and processing costs and patient populations vary among institutions, our results suggest re‐evaluation of current algorithms.
Measuring potential effects of the developmental burden associated with the vertebrate notochord
Authors: Fujimoto Satoko , Yamanaka Kaori , Tanegashima Chiharu , Nishimura Osamu , Kuraku Shigehiro , Kuratani Shigeru , Irie Naoki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe notochord functions primarily as a supporting tissue to maintain the anteroposterior axis of primitive chordates, a function that is replaced entirely by the vertebral column in many vertebrates. The notochord still appears during vertebrate embryogenesis and plays a crucial role in the developmental pattern formation of surrounding structures, such as the somites and neural tube, providing the basis for the vertebrate body plan. The indispensable role of the notochord has often been referred to as the developmental burden and used to explain the evolutionary conservation of notochord; however, the existence of this burden has not been successfully exemplified so far. Since the adaptive value of target tissues appears to result in the evolutionary conservation of upstream structures through the developmental burden, we performed comparative gene expression profiling of the notochord, somites, and neural tube during the mid‐embryonic stages in turtles and chicken to measure their evolutionary conservation. When compared with the somites and neural tube, overall gene expression profiles in the notochord showed significantly lower or merely comparable levels of conservation. However, genes involved in inductive signalings, such as the sonic hedgehog (Shh) cascade and the formation of functional primary cilia, showed relatively higher levels of conservation in all the three structures analyzed. Collectively, these results suggest that shh signals are critical as the inductive source and receiving structures, possibly constituting the inter‐dependencies of developmental burden.
A sub‐regional approach to the influence analysis of teleconnection patterns on precipitation in Calabria (southern Italy)
Authors: Caroletti Giulio N. , Coscarelli Roberto , Caloiero Tommaso 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, the problem of determining, with an adequate statistical significance, the relationship between teleconnection pattern indices and precipitation at climatological time scales has been addressed through a novel technique based on a rainfall zonation, by means of creating a regional precipitation database for a whole‐region correlation approach. Pearson correlation was performed to evaluate the mesoscale influence on precipitation in the Calabria region over the 1951–2010 time period, by means of a database of 79 rain gauges, divided in five Rainfall Zones (RZs) and seven teleconnection pattern indices relevant to the Mediterranean region, searching where results were significant (significance level < 0.05) and with an absolute correlation value higher than a prefixed threshold equal to 0.2. The Calabria region was chosen as it is located in the centre of the Mediterranean area, which constitutes a hot spot for climate change, and because it is equipped with a high‐density, long‐time series of precipitation gauge network, recently validated and homogenized. Correlation analysis between seasonal teleconnection indices and seasonal cumulated precipitation showed that the Western Mediterranean Oscillation and the East Atlantic/West Russian patterns were the most relevant teleconnections over all Calabria. Correlations of 3‐month averaged teleconnection indices versus monthly precipitation showed that the Mediterranean and Western Mediterranean Oscillations produce most significant results with correlation values higher than 0.2, with East Atlantic pattern a third close. Comparison between monthly teleconnection indices and monthly cumulated precipitation indicate that all modes of variability taken into account share a similarly weak correlation. Comparing the rainfall zone‐based study and the technique of averaging individual stations results post‐correlation, it was shown that on average only 43% of the stations would produce useful correlations, while the novel technique used all the valid and available station data, resulting in statistically more robust findings.
Retreat dynamics of the eastern sector of the British–Irish Ice Sheet during the last glaciation
Authors: Evans David J. A. , Roberts David H. , Bateman Mark D. , Clark Chris D. , Medialdea Alicia , Callard Louise , Grimoldi Elena , Chiverrell Richard C. , Ely Jeremy , Dove Dayton , Ó Cofaigh Colm , Saher Margot , Bradwell Tom , Moreton Steven G. , Fabel Derek , Bradley Sarah L. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThe findings of BRITICE‐CHRONO Transect 2 through the North Sea Basin and eastern England are reported. We define ice‐sheet marginal oscillation between ~31 and 16 ka, with seven distinctive former ice‐sheet limits (L1–7) constrained by Bayesian statistical analysis. The southernmost limit of the North Sea Lobe is recorded by the Bolders Bank Formation (L1; 25.8–24.6 ka). L2 represents ice‐sheet oscillation and early retreat to the northern edge of the Dogger Bank (23.5–22.2 ka), with the Garret Hill Moraine in north Norfolk recording a significant regional readvance to L3 at 21.5–20.8 ka. Ice‐marginal oscillations at ~26–21 ka resulted in L1, L2 and L3 being partially to totally overprinted. Ice‐dammed lakes related to L1–3, including Lake Humber, are dated at 24.1–22.3 ka. Ice‐sheet oscillation and retreat from L4 to L5 occurred between 19.7 and 17.3 ka, with grounding zone wedges marking an important transition from terrestrial to marine tidewater conditions, triggered by the opening of the Dogger Lake spillway between 19.9 and 17.5 ka. L6 relates to ice retreat under glacimarine conditions and final ice retreat into the Firth of Forth by 15.8 ka. L7 (~15 ka) represents an ice retreat from Bosies Bank into the Moray Firth.
In situ high temperature Raman and DFT analysis of cerium fluoride and oxyfluoride structures in molten FLiNaK
Authors: Cui Rongrong , Wang Chenyang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn order to investigate the species in the FLiNaK–CeF3 and FLiNaK–CeF3–Li2O melts, in situ high temperature Raman spectroscopy was used with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculation. In molten FLiNaK, the CeF63− octahedra affected by alkali cations were identified to be the predominan species. Binuclear cerium oxyfluoride anions Ce2OF84− and Ce2OF106− were formed after adding O2− into the molten FLiNaK‐CeF3 (20 mol%) mixtures. Both of these two species were predicted to have Ce−O−Ce geometries with two CeF4/CeF5 moieties bridged by a single oxygen atom.
Prosocial skills development in children and social value creation during COVID‐19
Authors: Arslan Ahmad , Haapanen Lauri , Tarba Shlomo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDevelopment of prosocial skills in children in their middle childhood and the role of computer games is analyzed in our case study based on an entrepreneurial venture (School of Gaming, Oulu). This venture was launched almost at the same time as the COVID‐19 pandemic hit the globe. It has operated successfully during COVID‐19, not only in Finland but also has expanded to Indonesia in this limited time period. It created social value by offering the children a possibility to be with their friends during the lockdown as well as develop skills like empathy, sharing, and trust. The case study further revealed that affordable pricing, the use of professional gaming instructors and adaptation played an important role in organizational success during this tough time period.
Attachment styles moderate customer responses to frontline service robots: Evidence from affective, attitudinal, and behavioral measures
Authors: Pozharliev Rumen , De Angelis Matteo , Rossi Dario , Romani Simona , Verbeke Willem , Cherubino Patrizia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite the growing application of interactive technologies like service robots in customer service, there is limited understanding about how customers respond to interactions with frontline service robots compared to those with frontline human employees. Moreover, it is unclear whether all customers respond to the interaction with frontline service robots in the same way. Our research looks at how individual differences in social behaviors, specifically in customers' attachment styles, influence three types of customer responses: affective responses (experienced pleasantness), attitudinal responses (perceived empathy, satisfaction), and behavioral responses (word‐of‐mouth). Three experimental studies reveal that customers with low (vs. high) scores on anxious attachment style (AAS) measures respond more negatively to frontline service robot (compared to a frontline human agent). We investigate alternative explanations for these findings, such as robots' level of anthropomorphism and we show that human‐likeness features such as voice type and level of human‐like physical appearance, cannot explain our findings. Our results indicate that for low‐AAS customers replacing frontline human service agent with frontline robot undermines customer attitude and behavioral responses to service robots, leading to possible implications on customer segmentation, targeting, and marketing communication.
Reward‐based or meaningful gaming? A field study on game mechanics and serious games for sustainability
Authors: Whittaker Lucas , Russell‐Bennett Rebekah , Mulcahy Rory 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite investigating digital gaming for commercial purposes, less scholarly attention exists on digital gaming for societal purposes such as sustainability (“serious games”). The current study investigates whether a serious game can enhance sustainability marketing outcomes, including knowledge, value‐in‐behavior, and behavioral intentions longitudinally (pre‐gameplay to post‐gameplay). Further, the study seeks to understand the influence of reward‐based and meaningful game mechanics on these sustainability marketing outcomes. We recruited 387 participants for a week‐long field study using a serious game which encourages household energy conservation. The findings show that the serious game significantly increased sustainability knowledge, value‐in‐behavior, and sustainable behavioral intention after one week. Reward‐based game mechanics (badges and trophies) significantly influenced sustainability knowledge and indirectly influenced value‐in‐behavior via sustainability knowledge, whereas reward‐based (points) and meaningful (educational messages) game mechanics had little impact. The results empirically support the conceptual model theorization—underpinned by a “do–learn–feel” behavioral learning approach—which possessed superior fit to a “do–feel–learn” rival model. This study provides novel insights regarding eliciting value‐in‐behavior longitudinally within serious games. Our multidimensional approach to assessing reward‐based game mechanics extends prior studies and suggests that higher‐tier rewards are more influential than lower‐tiered rewards to achieve sustainability marketing outcomes. We further demonstrate that reward‐based game mechanics outperform meaningful game mechanics at influencing desired outcomes, challenging existing gaming literature.
Trading off spatio‐temporal properties in 3D high‐speed fMRI using interleaved stack‐of‐spirals trajectories
Authors: Riemenschneider Bruno , Akin Burak , LeVan Pierre , Hennig Jürgen 
Published: March 2021

PurposeHighly undersampled acquisitions have been proposed to push the limits of temporal resolution in functional MRI. This contribution is aimed at identifying parameter sets that let the user trade‐off between ultra‐high temporal resolution and spatial signal quality by varying the sampling densities. The proposed method maintains the synergies of a temporal resolution that enables direct filtering of physiological artifacts for highest statistical power, and 3D read‐outs with optimal use of encoding capabilities of multi‐coil arrays for efficient sampling and high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR).MethodsOne‐ to four‐shot interleaved spherical stack‐of‐spiral trajectories with repetition times from 96 to 352 ms at a nominal resolution of 3 mm using different sampling densities were compared for image quality and temporal SNR (tSNR). The one‐ and three‐shot trajectories were employed in a resting state study for functional characterization.ResultsCompared to a previously described single‐shot trajectory, denser sampled trajectories of the same type are shown to be less prone to blurring and off‐resonance vulnerability that appear in addition to the variable density artifacts of the point spread function. While the multi‐shot trajectories lead to a decrease in tSNR efficiency, the high SNR due to the 3D read‐out, combined with notable increases in image quality, leads to superior overall results of the three‐shot interleaved stack of spirals. A resting state analysis of 15 subjects shows significantly improved functional sensitivity in areas of high off‐resonance gradients.ConclusionMild variable‐density sampling leads to excellent tSNR behavior and no increased off‐resonance vulnerability, and is suggested unless maximum temporal resolution is sought.
Structure‐preserving space‐time discretization of large‐strain thermo‐viscoelasticity in the framework of GENERIC
Authors: Schiebl Mark , Betsch Peter 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLarge‐strain thermo‐viscoelasticity is described in the framework of GENERIC. To this end, a new material representation of the inelastic part of the dissipative bracket is proposed. The bracket form of GENERIC generates the governing equations for large‐strain thermo‐viscoelasticity including the nonlinear evolution law for the internal variables associated with inelastic deformations. The GENERIC formalism facilitates the free choice of the thermodynamic variable. In particular, one may choose (i) the internal energy density, (ii) the entropy density, or (iii) the absolute temperature as the thermodynamic variable. A mixed finite element method is proposed for the discretization in space which preserves the GENERIC form of the resulting semi‐discrete evolution equations. The GENERIC‐consistent space discretization makes possible the design of structure‐preserving time‐stepping schemes. The mid‐point type discretization in time yields three alternative schemes. Depending on the specific choice of the thermodynamic variable, these schemes are shown to be partially structure‐preserving. In addition to that, it is shown that a slight modification of the mid‐point type schemes yields fully structure‐preserving schemes. In particular, three alternative energy‐momentum‐entropy consistent schemes are devised associated with the specific choice of the thermodynamic variable. Numerical investigations are presented which confirm the theoretical findings and shed light on the numerical stability of the newly developed schemes.
Reproductive concerns and associated factors among female chronic kidney diseases patients: a Multi‐Center Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Fang , Ma Dengyan , Salerno Stephen , Chen Yi , Liu Min , Luo Yan , Diao Yongshu , Chen Chongcheng , Fu Ping , Li Yi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimThe study aimed to investigate the current status of reproductive concerns and explore the associated factors among young female chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.DesignA multi‐center cross‐sectional study was designed.MethodsThe study was conducted in six representative tertiary hospitals across southwest China. A total of 295 female Chronic kidney disease patients between 18–45 years of age completed a 20 min, web‐based survey, which included demographics and disease‐related information questionnaire, Reproductive Concerns Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD‐7) instrument and Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ‐9) instrument.ResultThe survey total collected 270 valid questionnaires. The mean reproductive concern score was 54.39 ± 10.90 (out of a maximum of 90), with the mean scores for sub‐scales ranging from 7.80 ± 1.69 to 10.44 ± 1.85. Multiple regression analysis showed that those with higher reproductive concerns were more likely to have pregnancy intentions, to be in Chronic kidney disease stages 1–3, and to have a higher GAD‐7 score. This study offered further evidence of the need for improved education and emotional support surrounding reproductive concerns among young Chinese women with Chronic kidney disease.
Utility of whiskerized carbon fabric surfaces in resistive heating of composites
Authors: Wang Yuanfeng , Baheti Vijay , Yang Kai , Yang Tao , Wiener Jakub , Militký Jiří 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the present study, the embedding ZnO nano‐whiskers (NWs) on carbon fiber (CF) surface was carried out to study the changes in Ohmic heating and mechanical stability of carbon fabric reinforced green epoxy composite laminates. The ZnO NWs were grown onto the CF surface by hydrothermal method and subsequently the laminate composites with different number of carbon woven layers were prepared. To study the resistive heating behavior of the laminate composites, the temperature versus time curves were analyzed in three sections, from which the temperature response rate, the maximum temperature, and the electrical power efficiency were estimated. Later, the effects of Ohmic heating action on the structural damage and mechanical stability of the composites were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis and X‐ray micro computerized tomography. Multilayer ZnO/carbon woven composites were found to be rapidly heating, less power consumption, and have improved mechanical and structural stability over bare carbon woven composites. This indicated that ZnO NWs enhanced the adhesion between the fibers and matrix, meanwhile acting as a heat barrier to avoid degradation of the epoxy at the interface of the fiber and matrix during Ohmic heating.