bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrolysis of 2D Nanosheets Reverses Rheumatoid Arthritis Through Anti‐Inflammation and Osteogenesis
Authors: Ji Penghao , Qiu Shuwen , Huang Junchao , Wang Liping , Wang Yuemei , Wu Peng , Huo Minfeng , Shi Jianlin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a kind of inflammation homeostasis disorder that dysfunctions the joints. Clinically, medications against RA focus simply on mitigating the focal inflammation, without considering pro‐osteogenesis re‐modeling of the bone microenvironment. In the present work, 2D layered calcium disilicide nanoparticles (CSNs) are fabricated by facile aqueous exfoliation. The hydrolysis of CSNs produces anti‐oxidative H2, alkaline Ca(OH)2, and silica. These moieties play significant roles in anti‐oxidation, anti‐inflammation, and pro‐osteogenesis resulting in considerably better RA therapeutic consequences than anti‐inflammation alone. Hydrogen gas is validated to eliminate excessive hydroxyl radicals and regulate macrophage re‐polarization; the generated Ca(OH)2 can neutralize the acidic microenvironment and inhibit the osteoclast activity; and, the dissolved Ca2+ can effectively complex with phosphates to mineralize Ca3(PO4)2, promoting the osteogenesis of the focal joint. The multifunctional performances of CSNs are further confirmed in arthritic mouse and rabbit models, providing an advanced and robust therapeutic strategy against RA with high biocompatibility and clinical transformable promises.
In Situ Modulated Nickel Single Atoms on Bicontinuous Porous Carbon Fibers and Sheets Networks for Acidic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Li Haoyang , Fang Lingzhe , Wang Ting , Bai Rui , Zhang Jian , Li Tao , Duan Zhiyao , Chen Kai‐Jie , Pan Fuping 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCarbon‐supported single‐atom catalysts exhibit exceptional properties in acidic CO2 reduction. However, traditional carbon supports fall short in building high‐site‐utilization and CO2‐rich interfacial environments, and the structural evolution of single‐atom metals and catalytic mechanisms under realistic conditions remain ambiguous. Herein, an interconnected mesoporous carbon nanofiber and carbon nanosheet network (IPCF@CS) is reported, derived from microphase‐separated block copolymer, to improve catalytic efficiency of isolated Ni. In IPCF@CS nanostructure, highly mesoporous IPCF hinders stacking of CS that provides additional fully exposed sites and abundant bicontinuous mesochannels of IPCF facilitate smooth CO2 transport. Such unique features enable enhanced Ni utilization and local CO2 enrichment, which cannot be achieved over conventional pore‐deficient and discontinuous porous carbon fibers‐based supports. In situ X‐ray and Infrared spectroscopy coupling constant‐potential calculations reveal the dynamic distortion of the planar Ni−N4 to an out‐of‐plane configuration with expanded Ni−N bond during operating CO2 electroreduction. The potential‐driven low‐valance‐state Ni−N4 possesses enhanced intrinsic electrokinetics for CO2 activation and CO desorption yet inhibiting hydrogen evolution. The favorable electronic and interfacial reaction environments, resulted from the in situ tailored Ni site and IPCF@CS support, achieve an FE of near 100% at 540 mA cm−2, a TOF of 55.5 s−1, and a SPCE of 89.2% in acidic CO2‐to‐CO electrolysis.
Harnessing the Electronic Spin States of Single Atoms for Precise Electromagnetic Modulation
Authors: Zhou Lu , Hu Pengfei , Bai Ming , Leng Ning , Cai Bo , Peng Hua‐Long , Zhao Pei‐Yan , Guo Yongqiang , He Mukun , Wang Guang‐Sheng , Gu Junwei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBy manipulating their asymmetric electronic spin states, the unique electronic structures and unsaturated coordination environments of single atoms can be effectively harnessed to control their magnetic properties. In this research, the first investigation is presented into the regulation of magnetic properties through the electronic spin states of single atoms. Magnetic single‐atom one‐dimensional materials, M‐N‐C/ZrO2 (M = Fe, Co, Ni), with varying electronic spin states, are design and synthesize based on the electronic orbital structure model. The SAs 3d electron spin structure of the composite M‐N‐C modulates the magneto physical properties and triggers a unique natural resonance loss, which achieves a controllable tuning of the effective absorption band under low‐frequency conditions. The minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of M‐N‐C can reach ‐69.71 dB, and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) ratio is as high as 91% (2–18 GHz). The current work provides a path toward achieving controllable modulation of low‐frequency electromagnetic wave bands by exploring the mechanism through which atomic and even electronic level interactions influence magnetic modulation.
Microstructure Embossing Patterning Using Resonated Droplets Dynamic Behavior Induced by Vertical Vibration
Authors: FENG Xiguang , Park Kyoung‐Su 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel, ecofriendly, and cost‐effective method to create deformation patterns on vertically vibrating thin film surfaces using resonant sessile droplets. The key findings emphasize the critical role of resonant frequency and vibration velocity in the formation of these deformations. Through theoretical and experimental investigations on aluminum thin film, it is validated that the deformations are influenced by the energy distribution within the resonant droplets. Specifically, higher‐order resonant frequencies produce a more concentrated energy distribution at the droplet's center due to internal top‐down flow behaviors, resulting in various deformation states. By observing regularities in deformation width patterns, the underlying phenomena are elucidated, and derive related empirical formulas. This method demonstrates significant potential for surface microstructure fabrication. The ability to control deformation shapes by adjusting vibration parameters is crucial for optimizing microfabrication processes.
Support‐Free, Connected Core–Shell Nanoparticle Catalysts Synthesized via a Low‐Temperature Process for Advanced Oxygen Reduction Performance
Authors: Sudheer Aparna Chitra , Anilkumar Gopinathan M. , Kuroki Hidenori , Yamaguchi Takeo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNanostructured Pt‐based catalysts have attracted considerable attention for fuel‐cell applications. This study introduces a novel one‐pot and low‐temperature polyol approach for synthesizing support‐free, connected nanoparticles with non‐Pt metal cores and Pt shells. Unlike conventional heat treatment methods, the developed support‐free and Fe‐free connected Pdcore@Ptshell (Pd@Pt) nanoparticle catalyst possesses a stable nanonetwork structure with a high surface area. This approach can precisely control the atomic‐level structure of the Pt shell on the Pd core at a low deposition temperature. The optimized Pd@Pt catalyst with a Pt/Pd atomic ratio of 0.8 and a Pt shell thickness of 1.1 nm exhibits a threefold improvement in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) mass activity compared to that of commercial carbon‐supported Pt nanoparticle catalyst (Pt/C). Durability evaluation demonstrated 100% retention of specific activity after 10,000 load cycles, owing to the stable nanonetwork and uniform coverage of the Pt shell. In addition, the support‐free, connected core–shell nanoparticle catalyst overcomes the carbon corrosion issues commonly associated with conventional carbon‐supported catalysts while simultaneously improving both ORR activity and load cycle durability. These findings highlight the potential of this innovative approach to develop support‐free catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells and other energy devices.
V‐shaped pressure drop curve of microbubble swarm flow in a microchannel
Authors: Sheng Lin , Wang Junjie , Zheng Chenglin , Deng Jian , Luo Guangsheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPrecise prediction of the pressure drop in a gas–liquid microreactor is significant for reactor design; however, the understanding on the pressure drop in the microbubble swarm flow in microreactors is limited. Accordingly, this is the first study in which the rules for the pressure drop in the microbubble swarm flow over a wide range of void fractions are investigated. At a given gas flow rate, the pressure drop first decreases with the liquid flow rate and then gradually increases and almost occurs at a void fraction of 0.20; this is named as the V‐shaped pressure drop curve of microbubble swarm flow. In addition, the microbubble size, specific surface area, and void fraction are tested to reveal the mechanism underlying this new phenomenon. Finally, the two regions of separated and homogeneous flows are divided, and semi‐empirical prediction models are developed to quantify the pressure drop in the microbubble swarm flow.
Photo‐triggered modulation of cuprous active sites in metal–organic frameworks for manipulable carbon monoxide capture
Authors: Shi Shu , Xu Mu‐Yi , Qi Shi‐Chao , Tan Peng , Liu Xiao‐Qin , Sun Lin‐Bing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhotoresponsive adsorbents have garnered widespread interest on account of their customizable performance under light exposure. However, reported adsorbents of this kind are predominantly engineered to modulate weak interactions between adsorbates and adsorbents via steric hindrance or structural changes. The development of smart adsorbents possessing strong yet adjustable active sites for controllable gas capture presents a significant challenge. Here, we introduced strong active Cu+ sites into an azobenzene‐modified MOF‐808 metal–organic framework to create a smart π‐complexation adsorbent. The Cu+ sites can selectively interact with CO through π‐complexation. This design enables controlled CO capture through light‐regulated interactions between the active sites and the azobenzene groups, achieving up to a 31% variation in CO adsorption capacity. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the transformation of azobenzene from the trans to the cis configuration adjusts the surface electrostatic potential near CuCl, reducing Cu+ activity. This approach paves the way for target‐specific smart adsorption materials.
Generation of transgenic chicken through ovarian injection
Authors: Jiang Jinghua , Wang Caiying , Du Xuguang , Gao Fei , Wu Sen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundTraditional DNA microinjection methods used in mammals are difficult to apply to avian species due to their unique reproductive characteristics. Genetic manipulation in chickens, particularly involving immature follicles within living ovaries, has not been extensively explored. This study seeks to establish an efficient method for generating transgenic chickens through ovarian injection, potentially bypassing the challenges associated with primordial germ cell (PGC) manipulation and fertilized egg microinjection.MethodsHens were anesthetized and underwent a surgical procedure to access the ovary for DNA injection into immature follicles. The study used liposomes to deliver GFP‐expressing plasmids at various dosages. After injection, hens recovered, and their eggs were fertilized through artificial insemination.ResultsTransgenic chickens were successfully generated in one generation without needing G0 founders. The injection of 20 μg plasmid yielded the highest transgenic efficiency at 12.1%. GFP‐positive embryos were confirmed through microscopy, and successful transgene expression was validated at the tissue level using immunostaining. TERT and GFP elements introduced in the G1 generation resulted in 4.1% positive transgene rates, as confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting.ConclusionThis ovarian injection method offers a promising alternative for avian genetic manipulation, bypassing complex PGC procedures and enabling direct generation of G1 transgenic chickens. This technique simplifies the transgenic process for chickens and has the potential to be adapted for other avian species, especially those without established PGCs culture systems.
Increasing the CO‐Release Photosensitivity of Mn(I) Carbonyl Complexes Towards Longer Wavelengths by Electronically Tuning Their Schiff Base Ligands
Authors: Li Zhuoqin , Ma Minghui , Xiao Zhiyin , Jiang Xiujuan , Xu Xinlei , Wang Hailong , Ford Peter C. , Liu Xiaoming 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFive novel manganese (I) tricarbonyl complexes were synthesized by the reaction of Mn (CO)5Br with quinoline‐2‐carboxaldehyde and different anilines. The IR, UV, and myoglobin results indicate that these complexes can be used as photoCORMs (photo photoinduced carbon monoxide releasing molecules) activated by red light. The visible range spectra display strong charge transfer (CT) bands, the maxima of which are sensitive to the ligand substituents. Density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) computations show that these CT transitions are admixtures of metal‐to‐ligand and aniline‐to‐quinoline charge transfers and that increasing the electron‐donating ability on the aniline functionality can lead to shifts in the absorption bands of the corresponding compounds to longer wavelengths and to enhanced band intensities, thus enhancing their photoactivity. Photolysis of these complexes in aerobic solution leads to CO photodissociation followed by oxidation of the Mn(I) center to Mn(II).
Clarifying Misconceptions About Iodine “Allergies” for Perioperative Patient Care
Authors: Bailey Laila S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIodine is a trace element that is required to produce thyroid hormone. Some preoperative skin antiseptics and contrast media that are used in a variety of specialties (eg, cardiovascular, urology) contain iodine. Clinicians and patients may believe that a history of a reaction to shellfish, povidone‐iodine, or radiopaque contrast media is an allergy requiring avoidance of all three substances. Because iodine is required for life and does not stimulate an immune response, there is no relationship between iodine and adverse reactions to iodine‐containing products. Perioperative nurses should have knowledge of allergies associated with iodine‐containing substances and should assess patients for allergies. During the assessment process, they can seek input on the cause of any previous reactions and share information on allergies with the patient. They also can collaborate with leaders and information technology personnel to update the electronic health record to avoid documentation of iodine as an allergen.
Synthesis and Selective Adsorption Performance of Cu(II) Imprinted SA/CMC/AM Microspheres in Multi‐Ion Coexistence Environments
Authors: Peng Yu , Ren Dajun , Zhang Xiaoqing , Zhang Shuqin , Gong Xiangyi , Chen Yongliang , Zhang Lei , Liu Pu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTo achieve efficient and selective removal of Cu2+ from a multi‐ion coexistence environment, Cu2+‐imprinted SA/CMC/AM microspheres (IMSCA) were synthesized. The adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of the material under different preparation and adsorption conditions were investigated. The surface morphology and functional groups of IMSCA were characterized and analyzed using SEM, FTIR, and XRD. SEM images revealed a relatively smooth surface of IMSCA with specific pores and a relatively uniform structure. Special peaks appeared in FTIR spectrum of IMSCA, indicating the possibility of the imprinting process and the presence of imprinting sites. The semicrystalline structure exhibited by the imprinted microspheres in XRD characterization further reinforces the likelihood of imprinting sites. In terms of adsorption kinetics, the adsorption process followed a pseudo–second‐order kinetic model, suggesting that chemical adsorption was dominant during the IMSCA adsorption process. In terms of adsorption isotherms, the Langmuir model better fitted the experimental data, suggesting that the adsorption process was monolayer adsorption. The imprinted microspheres exhibited better selective adsorption in mixed solutions of multiple metal ions. After 10 adsorption–desorption cycles, the adsorption capacity of IMSCA remained at approximately 90%. Compared with other imprinted materials, IMSCA exhibits a higher adsorption capacity, a faster elution rate, and superior reusability.
Enhancement of Green Composite Performance Through the Synergistic Influence of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid and Nanoclay on Natural Fiber Reinforcement
Authors: Behera Ajaya K. , Pattnaik Shruti S. , Behera Diptiranjan , Behera Satyaranjan , Kumar Jagadish , Manna Suvendu , Das Nigamananda 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTNatural fiber‐reinforced biocomposites are emerging as viable alternatives to conventional thermoplastics; however, low mechanical and physical properties limit their broad applications. This study addresses these limitations by developing a nanoclay and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL)‐modified novel soy resin‐based jute composites by enhancing mechanical and physical performance. CNSL, rich in phenolic compounds, chemically interacts with the soy matrix, improving interfacial bonding and imparting resistance to environmental degradation. Nanoclay dispersion within the matrix optimizes load transfer, as confirmed through density functional theory (DFT) calculations of interaction energies, resulting in a synergistic effect on composite strength. The optimized composite exhibited a remarkable storage modulus of 8697 MPa at 35°C and 1 Hz, a flexural modulus of 3288 MPa, tensile strength of 61.3 MPa, and flexural strength of 62.7 MPa. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed a well‐integrated nano‐biocomposite structure, confirming successful reinforcement dispersion. Thermal stability up to 290°C, a contact angle of 61.4°, and water absorption of 49.5% indicate its suitability for diverse conditions. Additionally, cytotoxicity tests demonstrated the material's biocompatibility, while soil burial tests showed a mass loss of 74.2% over 75 days, verifying its biodegradability. These biocomposites can replace nondegradable thermoplastics in various applications.
Blue Light‐Induced, Dosed Protein Expression of Active BDNF in Human Cells Using the Optogenetic CRY2/CIB System
Authors: Christoffers Sina , Wichert Nina , Wiebe Elena , Torres‐Mapa Maria Leilani , Goblet Madeleine , Harre Jennifer , Kaiser Odett , Wahalla Marc‐Nils , Blume Holger , Heisterkamp Alexander , Warnecke Athanasia , Blume Cornelia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe use of optogenetic tools offers an excellent method for spatially and temporally regulated gene and protein expression in cell therapeutic approaches. This could be useful as a concomitant therapeutic measure, especially in small body compartments such as the inner ear, for example, during cochlea implantation, to enhance neuronal cell survival and function. Here, we used the blue light activatable CRY2/CIB system to induce transcription of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in human cells. Transfection with three plasmids, encoding for the optogenetic system and the target, as well as illumination protocols were optimized with luciferase as a reporter to achieve the highest protein expression in human embryonic kidney cells 293. Illumination was performed either with a light‐emitting diode or with a scanning laser setup. The optimized protocols were applied for the production of BDNF. We could demonstrate a 64.7‐fold increase of BNDF expression upon light induction compared to the basal level. Light‐induced BDNF was biologically active and enhanced survival and neurite growth of spiral ganglion neurons. The optogenetic approach can be transferred to autologous cell systems, such as bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells, and thus represents the first optogenetic neurotrophic therapy for the inner ear.
Multienzyme Cascade Synthesis of Rare Sugars From Glycerol in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Fei Kangqing , Shen Liqun , Gao Xiao‐Dong , Nakanishi Hideki , Li Zijie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRare sugars are valuable and unique monosaccharides extensively utilized in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Considering the high purification costs and the complex processes of enzymatic synthesis, whole‐cell conversion has emerged as a significantly important alternative. The Escherichia coli strain was initially used in whole‐cell synthesis of rare sugars. However, its pathogenic nature poses limitations to its widespread applications. Consequently, there is an urgent need to explore biologically safe strains for the efficient production of rare sugars.ResultsIn this study, the generally regarded as safe (GRAS) strain Bacillus subtilis was employed as the chassis cells to produce rare sugars via whole‐cell conversion. Three genes encoding alditol oxidase (AldO), L‐rhamnulose‐1‐phosphate aldolase (RhaD), and fructose‐1‐phosphatase (YqaB) involved in rare sugars biosynthesis were heterogeneously expressed in B. subtilis to convert the only substrate glycerol into rare sugars. To enhance the expression levels of the relevant enzymes in B. subtilis, different promoters for aldO, rhaD, and yqaB were investigated and optimized in this system. Under the optimized reaction conditions, the maximum total production titer was 16.96 g/L of D‐allulose and D‐sorbose with a conversion yield of 33.9% from glycerol. Furthermore, the engineered strain produced 26.68 g/L of D‐allulose and D‐sorbose through fed‐batch for the whole‐cell conversion, representing the highest titer from glycerol reported to date.ConclusionThis study demonstrated an efficient and cost‐effective method for the synthesis of rare sugars, providing a food‐grade platform with the potential to meet the growing demand for rare sugars in industries.
Advancing Sustainable Development Through Environmental Performance Monitoring: The Organisational Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Ahmed Salik , Liscio Marco Ciro , Sospiro Paolo , Voukkali Irene , Zorpas Antonis A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe growing importance of sustainability poses significant challenges to companies, particularly micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Product life cycle assessment focuses on individual products, often leaving MSMEs without a complete picture of their overall environmental impact, especially within complex and long value chains. Organisational Life Cycle Assessment (OLCA) appears to be a valid approach to address these challenges by assessing all activities within an organisation. OLCA offers a comprehensive view of an organisation’s sustainability performance, overcoming the challenges often faced by MSMEs, such as resource constraints and challenges within the value chain when adopting product LCA. By integrating OLCA with product LCA, companies can gain a more holistic understanding of their environmental impacts, improving both environmental assessments and ethical business conduct. The findings of this research assess OLCA’s presence in literature and industry, exploring its content and practical applications demonstrated through case studies. It emerges that the adoption and use of the methodology have great potential especially for small and medium enterprises, as they are often left outside the comprehensive view of the life cycle of a single product, making it difficult for these companies to approach environmental performance monitoring. Therefore, the OLCA could address this gap, becoming a reference approach for companies that need to disclose about environmental impact. Due to its relatively recent nature, companies still struggle with its adoption. Scientific research on this, therefore, becomes crucial in its spread and adoption, stressing the benefits and limitations, as well as providing evidence of case studies. This paper aims to address this gap and pone itself as a cornerstone for future researchers to pursue on this path and for companies to foster a broader, offering a dual perspective with product LCA.