bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“The Orient” versusDongfang
Authors: Ma Xiaolu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSince Edward Said published his seminal study on Orientalism, the notion of the Orient has been heavily discussed and hotly debated in both the Eastern and Western worlds. While early studies of Orientalism mainly underline Western fantasies of an exotic East as the West's “other,” Chinese scholars have also been inspired to reconceptualize the notion of the Orient in recent decades. By examining the formation of the notion of dongfang 東方 (the Orient) through journal publications, academic disciplinary construction, and the writing of oriental history, this article observes how the Chinese world of letters identified China with the Orient when China attempted to accommodate itself to a Eurocentric historical narrative in the 1920s. The article further investigates how the Chinese achieved a strategic alliance with Soviet Russia in the 1950s to confront the Western cultural centers of Europe and the United States and how Chinese academia repositioned itself in response to the adoption of Western criticism on Orientalism in the 1980s. This article also traces the institutionalization of oriental literature studies in modern China under the influence of both Soviet Russian and Western European academia to investigate how reimagining the Orient has enabled Chinese scholars to reorient Chinese literature within the genealogy of world literature. This article thus aims to shed light on the Chinese reconfiguration of Chinese cultural identity in an ongoing negotiation between East and West.
Hormone receptor 4 is required in muscles and distinct ovarian cell types to regulate specific steps of Drosophila oogenesis
Authors: Weaver Lesley N. , Drummond-Barbosa Daniela 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
The conserved nuclear receptor superfamily has crucial roles in many processes, including reproduction. Nuclear receptors with known roles in oogenesis have been studied mostly in the context of their ovary-intrinsic requirement. Recent studies in Drosophila, however, have begun to reveal new roles of nuclear receptor signaling in peripheral tissues in controlling reproduction. Here, we identified Hormone receptor 4 (Hr4) as an oogenesis regulator required in the ovary and muscles. Global Hr4 knockdown leads to increased germline stem cell (GSC) loss, reduced GSC proliferation, early germline cyst death, slowed follicle growth and vitellogenic follicle degeneration. Tissue-specific knockdown experiments uncovered ovary-intrinsic and peripheral tissue requirements for Hr4. In the ovary, Hr4 is required in the niche for GSC proliferation and in the germline for GSC maintenance. Hr4 functions in muscles to promote GSC maintenance and follicle growth. The specific tissues that require Hr4 for survival of early germline cysts and vitellogenic follicles remain unidentified. These results add to the few examples of muscles controlling gametogenesis and expand our understanding of the complexity of nuclear receptor regulation of various aspects of oogenesis.
Prevalence of pre-operative anxiety and associated factors among a group of women undergoing gynaecological surgeries at a single unit in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayawardane Madura , Gankanda Wedisha , Gunathilake Malsha 
Published: February 2021

Background:Surgery-related anxiety is universal, leading to complications. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of pre-operative anxiety levels among a group of patients.Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study of 64 women was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Sri Lanka. Patients who underwent emergency surgeries, those with mental illnesses or those aged <18 years were excluded. Pre-operative assessment was done one day prior to the surgery using a self-administered Sinhala validated Amsterdam-Preoperative-Anxiety-and-Information-Scale (APAIS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Visual-Analogue-Scale (VAS). The APAIS consists of six questions which assess three anxiety components: anesthesia-related-anxiety (Sum A), surgery-related-anxiety (Sum S) and information-desire-component (Sum IDC). The combined score (Sum C) is given by the total of Sum A and Sum S. A Sum C of ≥11 indicates significant anxiety.Results:The mean age of participants was 38.03 years (SD=13.53 years). The mean total score of APAIS was 10.36 (4.06), of HADS was 5.734 (4.487) and of VAS was 3.156 (2.773). All scores were higher in participants <50 years. There were negative correlations between age and anxiety levels in VAS and APAIS scales; the Sum IDC inAPAIS (r=-0.416, p=0.001) and VAS scores (r=-246, p=0.050) showed significant negative correlations. Excepting Sum IDC all APAIS, HADS and VAS scores were higher among the group without insurance; despite free healthcare. However only Sum S (t=-3.716, p=0.000) and Sum C (t=-2.281, p=0.026) in APAIS, HADS (t=-3.412, p=0.001) and VAS (t=-2.135, p=0.037) had statistically higher values. Anxiety scores were higher in the group that underwent minor surgeries but where not significantly related to education level, marital status, income, employment or living status.Conclusions:Pre-operative anxiety is common. Age <50 years, lacking insurance cover and undergoing minor surgeries are associated with increased pre-operative anxiety levels. Screening and appropriate interventions would be beneficial.
Clinical Guideline Highlights for the Hospitalist: Secondary Fracture Prevention for Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Siau Evan , Harrington Matthew , Steinberg Daniel , Burger Alfred 
Published: February 2021

GUIDELINE TITLESecondary Fracture Prevention: Consensus Clinical Recommendations from a Multistakeholder CoalitionRELEASE DATESeptember 20, 2019PRIOR VERSIONNot applicableDEVELOPERAmerican Society for Bone and Mineral Research Task Force and Multistakeholder CoalitionFUNDING SOURCEAmerican Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the Center for Medical Technology PolicyTARGET POPULATIONAdults 65 years or older with a hip or vertebral fracture. This review will focus on the core recommendations and their application in the practice of hospital medicine.
Quantum-inspired terahertz spectroscopy with visible photons
Authors: Kutas Mirco , Haase Björn , Klier Jens , Molter Daniel , von Freymann Georg 
Published: February 2021

Terahertz technology offers solutions in nondestructive testing and spectroscopy for many scientific and industrial applications. While direct detection of photons in this frequency range is difficult to achieve, quantum optics provides a highly attractive alternative: it enables the characterization of materials in hardly accessible spectral ranges by measuring easily detectable photons of a different spectral range. Here we report on the application of this principle to terahertz spectroscopy, measuring absorption features of chemicals at sub-terahertz frequencies by detecting visible photons. To generate the needed correlated signal-idler photon pairs, a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal and a 660 nm continuous-wave pump source are used. After propagating through a single-crystal nonlinear interferometer, the pump photons are filtered by narrowband volume Bragg gratings. An uncooled scientific CMOS camera detects the frequency-angular spectra of the remaining visible signal and reveals terahertz-spectral information. Neither cooled detectors nor expensive pulsed lasers for coherent detection are required.
All-silicon dual-cavity fiber-optic pressure sensor with ultralow pressure-temperature cross-sensitivity and wide working temperature range
Authors: Wang Xue , Jiang Junfeng , Wang Shuang , Liu Kun , Liu Tiegen 
Published: February 2021

Pressure-temperature cross-sensitivity and its accompanying temperature-related stability is a nerve-wracking obstruction for pressure sensor performance in a wide temperature range. To solve this problem, we propose a novel (to the best of our knowledge) all-silicon dual-cavity optical Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) pressure sensor. The all-silicon structure has high intrinsic reflectivity and is able to eliminate the influence of thermal-expansion-mismatch-induced stress and chemical-reaction-induced gas generation, and therefore, in essence, enhances measurement accuracy. From the experiment results, the pressure-temperature cross-sensitivity is reduced to be

∼
5.96

Pa
/
°
C

, which presents the lowest pressure-temperature cross-sensitivity among the FPI pressure sensors with the capability of surviving high temperatures up to 700°C thereby opening the way for high-precision pressure monitoring in various harsh and remote environments.
Safety, efficacy and airway complications of the flexible laryngeal mask airway in functional endoscopic sinus surgery: A retrospective study of 6661 patients
Authors: Xi Chunhua , Shi Dongjing , Cui Xu , Wang Guyan 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesAlthough the flexible laryngeal mask airway (FLMA) provides considerable advantages in head and neck procedures, little is known about its safety and efficacy in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the success rate of FLMA and relevant airway complications in FESS under general anaesthesia.MethodsA retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent FESS for chronic rhinosinusitis was performed from 2015 to 2019. All patients scheduled for FLMA ventilation were identified. Patient characteristics, length of the surgery, FLMA size, failed FLMA cases requiring endotracheal intubation, immediate adverse airway events and delayed airway injuries were recorded. The primary outcomes included the FLMA success rate, which was defined as primary success after induction and final success after the whole surgical procedure. The secondary outcomes were specific clinical factors associated with FLMA failure and airway complications related to FLMA usage.ResultsOf the 6661 patients included in our study, primary success was achieved in 6572 (98.7%), and final success was achieved in 6512 (97.8%). Failure occurred in 89 patients (1.3%) during induction, in 14 (0.2%) during surgical preparation and in 46 (0.7%) during the intraoperative procedure. All patients with failed FLMA ventilation were successfully switched to endotracheal intubation. Male sex, advanced age, higher American Society of Anesthesiologists grade (ASA) and higher body mass index (BMI) were independent risk factors associated with failed FLMA. Immediate adverse respiratory events were observed in 0.85% of the patients, and delayed airway injuries associated with use of FLMA were observed in 0.07%.ConclusionThis retrospective study demonstrates a high success rate for FLMA (97.8% in 6661 patients undergoing FESS). Adverse airway events and injuries associated with FLMA are rare, but clinicians should remain vigilant so that early diagnosis and prompt treatment can be provided.
Patient safety culture and associated factors among health care professionals at public hospitals in Dessie town, north east Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Mohammed Fentaw , Taddele Mekuanint , Gualu Tenaw 
Published: February 2021

Introduction
Patient safety culture is defined as the attitudes, perceptions, and values that staffs share within an organization related to patient safety. The safety of health care is now a major global concern. It is likely that millions of people suffer disabling injuries or death directly related to medical care. Particularly in developing and transitional countries, patient harm is a global public health problem. The objective of the study is to assess patient safety culture and associated factors among health care professionals working in public hospitals in Dessie town, North East Ethiopia, 2019.

Methods
Facility based quantitative study was employed from March 15 –April 30, 2019 in public hospitals in Dessie town. Four hundred and twenty two health care professionals were recruited to complete a structured pretested self-administered questionnaire. The data was cleaned, coded and entered in to Epi Info-7 and exported to SPSS version 20. Data was further analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Variables with P value of less than 0.05 in multivariate analysis were declared as statistically significant at 95% CI.

Results
Of the 422 recruited a total of 411 participants completed the survey with a response rate of 97.4%. Close to half (184(44.8%)) of the participants indicated good patient safety culture. Good patient safety culture was positively associated with working in primary hospital (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.56, 4.21). On the other hand, good patient safety culture was negatively associated with health professional’s age between 25–34 year (AOR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.08–0.74) and working in Pediatrics ward (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.17–0.9) and in emergency ward (AOR = O.25, 95%CI = 0.09–0.67).

Conclusion
The overall level of patient safety culture was under 50%. Good patient safety culture had positive association with working in primary hospital and negative association with professionals’ age between 25–29 year, 30–34 year and working in pediatrics and emergency ward. Implementing actions that support all dimensions of safety culture should be promoted at all levels of hospitals.
Symptom perception and functioning in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Yang Eun Joo , Lee Keun Seok , Lim Myong Cheol , Baek Ji Yeon , Han Ji-Youn , Yu Eun-Seung , Chung Seung Hyun 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
To explore how symptom perception affects functioning in patients with advanced cancer.

Materials and methods
We conducted a cross-sectional observational study of 459 advanced cancer patients at the national cancer center. Functioning was assessed using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) II, and symptoms were evaluated using the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to develop a structural model based on different symptom perceptions, such as somatic sensation and experienced symptoms.

Results
The structural model of disability revealed a significant direct pathway involving somatic sensation (β = 16.11, p < 0.001). Experienced symptoms significantly affected somatic sensations (β = 0.717, p < 0.001) but were not directly associated with disability. Unidimensional models exhibited a poor fit. In contrast, a complex model with first-order (somatic sensation) and second-order (experienced symptoms) factors provided an excellent fit, with comparative fit indexes (CFIs) and Tucker Lewis indexes (TLI) of more than 0.950 threshold.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that relationships to functioning may vary between somatic sensations versus experienced symptoms. The structure of symptoms is best conceptualized by direct somatic sensation and indirect experienced symptoms. A better understanding of symptom perception and the relationship between symptoms and function would facilitate the development of effective rehabilitation programs.
Brazilian version of the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension: Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation among healthcare students
Authors: de Araújo Dyego Carlos Souza Anacleto , Pereira Sylmara Nayara , dos Santos Willian Melo , dos Santos Menezes Pedro Wlisses , Rocha Kérilin Stancine dos Santos , Cerqueira-Santos Sabrina , Faro André , Mesquita Alessandra Rezende , de Lyra Divaldo Pereira 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionCommunication apprehension (CA) refers to an individual’s level of fear or anxiety toward either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons. The Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA-24) is the most widely used measure of CA, even among healthcare students.ObjectiveThis study aimed to undertake a cross-cultural adaptation of this scale, translate it into Brazilian Portuguese, and examine its psychometric properties among healthcare students.MethodsThe translation and cross-cultural adaptation procedures were undertaken with the objective of establishing compatibility between the original and translated scales. The content validity of the scale was established based on the feedback of a multidisciplinary expert committee. Its psychometric properties were evaluated using a convenience sample of 616 healthcare students. Its construct validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Its internal consistency was examined by computing Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients. Its criterion validity was examined against the Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale (ICCS).ResultsThe adapted scale demonstrated acceptable content validity. EFA showed that it was undergirded by one dimension, and this observation was confirmed by the results of CFA. The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency. Its convergent validity was examined by conducting correlation analysis, and scores on the adapted PRCA-24 were negatively correlated with scores on the ICCS.ConclusionThe Brazilian version of the PRCA-24 has satisfactory psychometric properties and is, therefore, suitable for use with Brazilian healthcare students. It can be used to assess their communication needs for the purpose of designing tailored training programs.
Prevalence of first adolescent pregnancy and its associated factors in sub-Saharan Africa: A multi-country analysis
Authors: Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Kang Melissa , Perry Lin , Brooks Fiona , Hayen Andrew 
Published: February 2021

Introduction
In low-and middle-income countries, pregnancy-related complications are major causes of death for young women. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of first adolescent pregnancy and its associated factors in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods
We undertook a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 32 sub-Saharan African countries between 2010 and 2018. We calculated the prevalence of first adolescent (aged 15 to 19 years) pregnancy in each country and examined associations between individual and contextual level factors and first adolescent pregnancy.

Results
Among all adolescents, Congo experienced the highest prevalence of first adolescent pregnancy (44.3%) and Rwanda the lowest (7.2%). However, among adolescents who had ever had sex, the prevalence ranged from 36.5% in Rwanda to 75.6% in Chad. The odds of first adolescent pregnancy was higher with increasing age, working, being married/cohabiting, having primary education only, early sexual initiation, knowledge of contraceptives, no unmet need for contraception and poorest wealth quintile. By contrast, adolescents who lived in rural areas and in the West African sub-region had lower odds of first adolescent pregnancy.

Conclusion
The prevalence of adolescent pregnancy in sub-Saharan African countries is high. Understanding the predictors of first adolescent pregnancy can facilitate the development of effective social policies such as family planning and comprehensive sex and relationship education in sub-Saharan Africa and can help ensure healthy lives and promotion of well-being for adolescents and their families and communities.
Automatisch erzeugte Author Profiles als Grundlage für eine Themenseite zur Corona-Krise
Authors: Pianos Tamara , Hajra Arben 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ohne Normdaten sind Personennamen nicht eindeutig zuzuordnen. Die EconBiz Author Profiles nutzen Identifier und Linked-Data-Ansätze, um Autorinnen und Autoren, Publikationen und weitere Informationen zu verknüpfen. Normalerweise liegt der Fokus beim Output einzelner Forschenden. Zu Beginn der Corona-Pandemie wurde eine Themenseite erstellt, um die thematische Suche und Übersicht über wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Publikationen mit COVID-19-Bezug zu erleichtern.
High order curvature flows of plane curves with generalised Neumann boundary conditions
Authors: McCoy James , Wheeler Glen , Wu Yuhan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We consider the parabolic polyharmonic diffusion and the

L
2

{L^{2}}

-gradient flow for the square integral of the m-th arclength derivative of curvature for regular closed curves evolving with generalised Neumann boundary conditions. In the polyharmonic case, we prove that if the curvature of the initial curve is small in

L
2

{L^{2}}

, then the evolving curve converges exponentially in the

C
∞

{C^{\infty}}

topology to a straight horizontal line segment. The same behaviour is shown for the

L
2

{L^{2}}

-gradient flow provided the energy of the initial curve is sufficiently small. In each case the smallness conditions depend only on m.
Themistius on Concept Formation
Authors: Roreitner Robert 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper reconstructs the account of concept formation developed in the 4thCentury A.D. by Themistius in the most ancient extant commentary on Aristotle’sPosterior Analytics. Themistius’ account can be contrasted with two widespread modern interpretations of Aristotle. Unlike psychological empiricists, Themistius ascribes an active role in concept formation to our innate capacity of understanding (νοῦς). Unlike intuitionists, he would not be satisfied by saying that νοῦς “intuits” or “spots” concepts. Rather, the question is what makes our νοῦς capable of “finding” and “recognizing” concepts in experience, and this can only be an understanding prior to all experience. Themistius seems to be responding here to Platonist arguments against Aristotle’s epistemology: postulating a “potential νοῦς” is not enough, for one can apply Meno’s dilemma toitand ask how it can recognize that it has found what it was looking for. But, contrary to the judgment of some modern scholars, Themistius never embraced the theory of recollection either (he rejects it decisively). He argued that both empiricism and Platonist innatism are wrong and developed a middle path marked by a strong interdependence between the perceptive and the rational capacity. This holds for all rational learning, and concept formation is its first stage: to form a concept means tolearnsomething genuinely new, but also torecognizeit as falling, e. g., under one of the ten categories. While being presented as a mere “paraphrasis” of Aristotle’s words, Themistius’ account is a well-advised and original response to the epistemological debates of his time.