bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of private and public investment in R&D on innovation in Mexico’s biotechnology firms
Authors: Oliver-Espinoza Rubén , Stezano Federico 
Published: August 2021

PurposeIn light of the controversy between the theoretical importance of financing biotechnology firms’ research and development (R&D), and the firms’ contradictory and ambivalent empirical results, this paper aims to contribute to the debate by providing empirical evidence from Mexico’s case.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the probit model to determine if firms’ achievements in innovations are related to both private and public financing, and if so, to calculate their marginal effect on the firms’ innovation (n= 40 from 53 firms: 75.5% response). The survey was applied in 2015.FindingsAlthough a large proportion of the firms innovate and dedicate resources to R&D activities, neither private financing (different from the R&D portion of sales) nor public financing has an impact on innovation activity.Research limitations/implicationsIt is necessary to increase the number of studies that corroborate the type of link established between innovations in biotechnology firms and financing. Analyzing the financing/innovation links at various stages of the innovation process would also be relevant.Originality/valueThe research results support the perspective that the theoretical relationship between the financing and achievements of innovation is not conclusive and point to relevant considerations for the public policy agenda of the case study.
Examining the opportunities and challenges of the Kra Canal: a PESTELE/SWOT analysis
Authors: Tseng Po-Hsing , Pilcher Nick 
Published: August 2021

PurposeMuch literature considers future impacts of the Kra Canal on shipping times and on individual countries. In this paper, the authors consider the maritime business potential of the Kra Canal for companies, ports and countries.Design/methodology/approachBased on a combination of a review of the extant literature, quantitative data from relevant calculations and qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with experts (n = 20) from four countries in the region, this paper contextualises the business potential of the Kra Canal through a PESTELE (political, economic, social, technological, environmental, legal and ethical) analysis before outlining a more targeted SWOT (strengths weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis to consider the potential for maritime business.FindingsThe PESTELE analysis reveals that there are a number of challenges related to the construction and possibility of the Kra Canal being built such as its impact on the political balance within the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) region. The SWOT analysis shows that the potential of the Kra Canal for maritime business is significant, and that the strengths and opportunities of increased route possibilities and reduced sailing times outweigh any weaknesses and threats.Originality/valueMost studies into the Kra Canal focus on highly specific research targets or provide a particular perspective (e.g. historical). This paper, by drawing on two commonly used analytical frameworks, considers the canal for the first time from a wider context perspective as well as a specifically business one. Recommendations are made for policy makers and maritime businesses on the basis of the results.
Employer branding and psychological contract in family and non-family firmsEmployer branding e contrato psicológico em empresas familiares e não familiaresEmployer branding y contrato psicológico en empresas familiares y no familiares
Authors: Pimentel Duarte , Almeida Pedro , Marques-Quinteiro Pedro , Sousa Marta 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess differences between employees of family and non-family firms regarding their perceptions of employer branding and psychological contract levels. Moreover, focusing on family firms, the authors assess the relation between the employees’ perceptions of employer branding and the psychological contract levels.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical evidence is provided by a sample of 165 Portuguese employees, 76 employees of family firms and 89 non-family firms’ employees, who responded to a questionnaire that included employer branding and psychological contract measures. All respondents study in small and medium-sized private companies.FindingsThe results confirmed the research hypotheses, suggesting that employees of family companies show higher perceptions of employer branding and psychological contract levels than employees of non-family companies. Results also reveal that the perceptions of employer branding are positively related to the psychological contract levels of the family firm’s employees.Originality/valueThis paper aims to contribute to the literature by addressing two contemporary organizational aspects yet under-addressed in the comparison between family and non-family firms while pursuing to offer insights on the relationship between the perceptions of employer branding and levels of the psychological contract of employees working in family firms.
Is it attractive to invest in alternative energy? Evidence from a five-factor Fama-French model for regional DJSI and renewable stock indexes
Authors: Garcia-Amate Antonio , Ramírez-Orellana Alicia , Rojo Ramirez Alfonso A. 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study aims to examine the attractiveness of the regional Dow Jones Sustainability Indexes (DJSI) and several renewable energy indexes during December 31, 2010 to December 31, 2019. This study uses a risk-return analysis and a set of explanatory factors. Lastly, this study conducts a comparative analysis of these indexes with conventional indexes.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses data from Eikon, a Thomson Reuters database. To analyze the indexes’ behavior, this study uses the indexes’ annual return as of December 31 for each year. Next, this study estimates the Fama and French’s five-factor model using an ordinary least squares regression for regional DJSI and renewable energy indexes.FindingsThe results show that regional DJSIs delivered returns both above and below conventional indexes. In contrast, renewable energy indexes had high betas and negative returns, making them unattractive to investors.Practical implicationsThe results imply the need for public financing programs that support the transition to a sustainable economy and reduce risk and increase the return on private investment.Social implicationsThis study provides insights for policymakers regarding the importance of sustainability indexes in the transition to a green economy.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the growing literature on Fama and French’s five-factor model of sustainability indexes, especially in the current context characterized by intense green political changes. In particular, this study complements the few studies that have addressed the economic implications of renewable energy indexes in markets.
Emotional intelligence, voice and flow: a team-level study of work teams
Authors: Xie Lei , Chang Chi-Ning , Singh Shailen 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate how emotional intelligence and voice climate interact with flow in work teams.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used multilevel structural equation modeling to analyze the nested data (individuals within teams). A total of 42 work teams (166 full-time employees) from the service industry participated in this research.FindingsThe results showed that emotional intelligence and voice behavior are positively associated with flow experience at the individual level. It was also demonstrated that emotional intelligence exerts partial influence on flow via individual voice behavior. At the team level, the authors only found a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and flow.Originality/valueThis research fills the knowledge gap of flow’s antecedents in teams. Members who are emotional intelligent and active in making suggestions to teams are more likely to experience flow in teams. Practitioners should be able to facilitate flow in the workplace through implementing training modules related to emotion appraisal/regulation and effective voice behavior.
Older people as represented in English quality newspapers
Authors: Rovelli Giulia 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This paper aims at tracing how older people and old age have been portrayed in English quality newspapers from 1989 to 2018 by comparing newspaper articles and readers’ letters to the editor.

Design/methodology/approach
This study follows the methodology of corpus-assisted discourse analysis and examines a corpus of readers’ letters to the editor and newspaper articles published in The Guardian and The New York Times, paying particular attention to the use and evolution of terminology and related stereotypes.

Findings
The investigation revealed how the portrayal of old age in newspaper articles and readers’ letters to the editor has mostly evolved symmetrically, with negatively connoted terms, including “elderly,” “old” and “aged,” which are generally perceived as unrepresentative of the new generation of older people, being replaced by more neutral or euphemistic expressions such as “older” and “senior.”

Originality/value
The analysis provides an interesting insight into how both the language and the discourse surrounding old age has evolved in the past few decades to accommodate to a changing society, taking into consideration how different professional and social groups, including older people themselves, represent and portray such an important life stage.
Melatonin and its derivative disrupt cancer stem‐like phenotypes of lung cancer cells via AKT downregulation
Authors: Phiboonchaiyanan Preeyaporn Plaimee , Puthongking Ploenthip , Chawjarean Verisa , Harikarnpakdee Saraporn , Sukprasansap Monruedee , Chanvorachote Pithi , Priprem Aroonsri , Govitrapong Piyarat 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subpopulation of tumour cells, have properties of self‐renewal and multipotency, which drive cancer progression and resistance to current treatments. Compounds potentially targeting CSCs have been recently developed. This study shows how melatonin, an endogenous hormone synthesised by the pineal gland, and its derivative suppress CSC‐like phenotypes of human non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, H460, H23, and A549. The effects of MLT and its derivative, acetyl melatonin (ACT), on CSC‐like phenotypes were investigated using assays for anchorage‐independent growth, three‐dimensional spheroid formation, scratch wound healing ability, and CSC marker and upstream protein signalling expression. Enriched CSC spheroids were used to confirm the effect of both compounds on lung cancer cells. MLT and ACT inhibited CSC‐like behaviours by suppression of colony and spheroid formation in NSCLC cell lines. Their effects on spheroid formation were confirmed in CSC‐enriched H460 cells. CSC markers, CD133 and ALDH1A1, were depleted by both compounds. The behaviour and factors associated to epithelial–mesenchymal transition, as indicated by cell migration and the protein vimentin, were also decreased by MLT and ACT. Mechanistically, MLT and ACT decreased the expression of stemness proteins Oct‐4, Nanog, and β‐catenin by reducing active AKT (phosphorylated AKT). Suppression of the AKT pathway was not mediated through melatonin receptors. This study demonstrates a novel role, and its underlying mechanism, for MLT and its derivative ACT in suppression of CSC‐like phenotypes in NSCLC cells, indicating that they are potential candidates for lung cancer treatment.
Is thyroid hormone supplementation avoidable for patients with low‐risk papillary thyroid cancer after thyroid lobectomy? A two‐center observational study
Authors: Xiao Liu , Wu Jie , Jiang Lisha , Xu Yangmengyuan , Liu Bin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveChanging insights regarding the extent of surgery for low‐risk papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) stir up discussions on the benefits and harms of thyroid lobectomy versus total thyroidectomy. The chance of needing postoperative thyroid hormone supplementation after thyroid lobectomy is still unclear. The purpose of this retrospective two‐center study was to identify the incidence and risk factors of postoperative thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) elevation (>2.0 μIU/ml) after thyroid lobectomy for low‐risk PTC.Design and MethodsMedical records of 201 consecutive patients with low‐risk PTC from two tertiary centers who underwent thyroid lobectomy between 2015 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative thyroid function tests were measured regularly and patients were prescribed levothyroxine if the TSH level was higher than 2.0 μIU/ml. Multivariable regression models were used to evaluate potential risk factors associated with postoperative TSH elevation after thyroid lobectomy.ResultsAt 6 weeks postoperatively, 85% had TSH level of >2 μIU/ml; this increased to 88% by 3–6 months. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified preoperative TSH cut‐off (>1.7 μIU/ml) to predict postoperative TSH elevation. Multivariate analysis revealed that only a high preoperative TSH level (>1.7 μIU/ml) was an independent risk factor for a postoperative TSH level of >2 μIU/ml (odds ratio = 7.71; p < .001).ConclusionNearly 90% of the patients who underwent thyroid lobectomy for low‐risk PTC had a postoperative TSH level of >2 μIU/ml, necessitating thyroid hormone supplementation in accordance with current guidelines. This finding highlights that preoperative patient counseling should also focus on raising awareness about postoperative thyroid hormone supplementation for low‐risk PTC patients seeking thyroid lobectomy.
The association between the congenital heart diseases and congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract in nonsyndromic children
Authors: Alp Esma Keleş , Dönmez Muhammet İrfan , Alp Hayrullah , Elmacı Ahmet Midhat 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSeveral congenital heart diseases (CHD) are present in children with congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract (CAKUT) in syndromic or nonsyndromic patterns. The purpose of this study was to identify nonsyndromic children with CAKUT who required echocardiographic evaluation and to find the prevalence of CHD in these patients. Retrospective chart review of nonsyndromic patients with CAKUT between 2012 and 2018 was conducted. Types of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract and echocardiogram reports of the patients, age, gender, prematurity, prenatal diagnosis of CAKUT, and family history were noted. Among 806 children with CAKUT, 135 patients underwent transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation and CHD was detected in 91 (11.2%). The most common type of CHD was secundum type atrial septal defect that was found in 73 (80.2%) patients. On the other hand, the most frequent types of congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract were isolated hydronephrosis and primary vesicoureteral reflux (61.4% and 12.8%, respectively). Our results showed that 75.8% of the patients with congenital heart diseases had isolated hydronephrosis. Finally, only 18 (2.2%) cases out of 806 patients that were evaluated via transthoracic echocardiography due to the clinical findings and family history had a CHD that required close (<6 months) follow‐up. Congenital heart diseases that required close follow‐up are rarely observed in nonsyndromic patients with CAKUT. Therefore, we suggest echocardiography should be performed in cases of clinical suspicion and family history rather than routinely in this patient group.
Retrobulbar lidocaine injection via the supraorbital fossa is safe in adult horses but produces regionally variable periocular anaesthesia
Authors: Yang Vanessa Y. , Eaton Joshua Seth , Harmelink Katherine , Hetzel Scott J. , Sanchez Adriana , Lund Jane R. , Smith Lesley J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundInjection techniques for retrobulbar anaesthesia are published in horses, but neither safety nor anaesthetic efficacy and duration have been evaluated objectively in vivo.ObjectiveTo characterise the safety and efficacy of one published technique for retrobulbar anaesthesia.Study designRandomised, controlled descriptive experiment.MethodsUnilateral retrobulbar injection with 10 mL lidocaine (2%) was performed in eight sedated adult mares. Contralateral eyes served as untreated controls. Neurophthalmic parameters, intraocular pressure (IOP), and corneal and periocular sensation were measured awake, post‐sedation and at periodic time points for 24 hours following injection. Adverse effects were documented.ResultsInjection of 10 mL lidocaine significantly increased IOP for up to 2 hours (P < .05) maximally at 30 min (mean [95% CI]: 6.0 [2.7, 9.2] mm Hg,P < .001). Six of the eight treated eyes developed mild to moderate reversible chemosis for 2 to 24 hours. One eye developed severe chemosis and superficial corneal ulceration at 24 and 48 hours following injection respectively. Corneal sensitivity significantly decreased for 6 hours (P < .05), maximally at 10 min (−44.4 [−34.6, −54.1] mm,P < .001). Periocular sensitivity (measured as increase in applied force) significantly decreased dorsally and medially for up to 2 hours (maximal at 2 hours (367.1 [238.5, 495.7] g,P < .001, and at 30 min: 345.8 [202.6, 488.9] g,P < .001) respectively). Ventral and lateral sensitivity were not effectively decreased beyond 30 min. Optic nerve function was not consistently reduced following injection.Main limitationsInvestigators were not masked to the treated eye.ConclusionsRetrobulbar injection using 10 mL lidocaine is safe in normal eyes of adult horses, but carries risk in structurally compromised or glaucomatous eyes due to transient IOP increase. Reversible chemosis commonly develops 2‐4h following injection, and may be severe in some horses with risk for corneal ulceration. Corneal anaesthesia is rapid and prolonged, but all periocular regions are not consistently anaesthetised. Retrobulbar injection should be combined with other local anaesthetic injections for eyelid surgeries or enucleations.
Sparsity‐aware support vector data description reinforced by expectation maximization
Authors: Eghdami Mahdie , Sadoghi Yazdi Hadi , Salehi Neshat 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSupport vector data description (SVDD) characterizes a dataset by a spherically shaped boundary around it. Since the complexity of SVDD training is O(N3), its performance decreases for large‐scale datasets. In this paper, we propose an improved SVDD algorithm, called EM‐SVDD, which combines the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm and SVDD to reduce the complexity and accelerate the training phase, while the accuracy of the classifier remains unchanged. First, the dataset is clustered to obtain smaller subsets, and then the boundary of each subset is identified by SVDD. After that, to construct the dataset boundary and get the optimal weighted combination of SVDDs, the EM algorithm is utilized to estimate the parameters and weights of SVDDs. The time complexity of the proposed method is N/i times lower than SVDD, where i is the number of EM iterations. In addition to EM‐SVDD, Sparse EM‐SVDD is proposed to guarantee the sparsity of the iteratively estimated parameters. EM‐SVDD is well compared with several similar methods. Simulation results indicate higher speed and performance of the proposed method in the training and testing phases. Furthermore, the capability of the proposed method is tested on a large image dataset acquired from social networks and our method identifies in‐class and outlier images with 0.71 accuracy rate.
Development and validation of a constipation treatment toolkit for patients on hemodialysis
Authors: Ng Patrick , Lei Katelyn , Teng Lisa , Thomas Alison , Battistella Marisa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe cause of constipation is multifactorial and common problem for patients on hemodialysis. A lack of strong evidence on suitable treatment strategies means there is an unorganized approach to selecting therapies, which can exacerbate constipation or worsen symptoms. Clinicians and patients would benefit from a content and face validated treatment algorithm for treating constipation. In this study, our objective was to develop and content and face validate a constipation treatment toolkit for patients on hemodialysis, consisting of treatment algorithm, and patient information tools (pamphlet and video).MethodsLiterature searches were performed to develop an initial toolkit using Lynn's method for developing content‐valid clinical tools. Content and face validity were evaluated as per Lynn's method for determining content validity; the algorithm was evaluated by Canadian nephrology clinicians, while patient information tools were evaluated by clinicians and patients. Components were rated on a Likert scale for content relevance and on a 5‐point scale for face validity. After each round, the content validity index (CVI) score was calculated and revisions were made based on feedback.FindingsA total of 23 clinicians and 15 patients were interviewed across three validation rounds. After three rounds, the treatment algorithm achieved content (overall CVI = 0.93) and face (91% agreement) validity. Our patient information tools achieved content and face validity (pamphlet overall CVI = 0.99, 85.5% agreement; video overall CVI = 0.99, 90.5% agreement).DiscussionA treatment algorithm and patient information toolkit for the treatment of constipation in patients on hemodialysis were content and face validated via expert review. Further research will be needed to ascertain the effectiveness and implementation of this toolkit.
Treatment use and satisfaction in Australian women with endometriosis: a mixed‐methods study
Authors: Evans Subhadra , Villegas Valeria , Dowding Charlotte , Druitt Marilla , O'Hara Rebecca , Mikocka‐Walus Antonina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo document the frequency of conventional and complementary treatments used by Australian women with endometriosis and the perceived efficacy of these treatments, and to qualitatively explore women's treatment satisfaction.BackgroundWe do not adequately understand whether Australian women with endometriosis are satisfied with their medical care.MethodsUsing a mixed‐methods design, 532 women with self‐reported endometriosis were recruited from the community. Participants were asked about their medication, complementary and self‐care treatment use, as well as perceived efficacy on a 0 (not effective) to 10 (extremely effective) numeric rating scale, and open‐ended qualitative survey items about treatment satisfaction.ResultsNinety‐seven percent of women used medication for pain relief (mean perceived efficacy = 5.05) and 89% used complementary/self‐care strategies (mean perceived efficacy = 3.70), with medication rated as significantly more effective (P < 0.001). Content analysis of the qualitative data identified that 36% of women were dissatisfied with treatment, 34% were somewhat satisfied and 24% were satisfied. We identified qualitative themes relating to: (i) barriers to treatment, which included lack of access, stigma and disappointment with medical professionals who were perceived as uncaring, unhelpful and, in some cases, psychologically damaging; (ii) the need for holistic, interdisciplinary care; and (iii) patient knowledge, advocacy and resilience in endometriosis management.ConclusionsOur findings reveal important limitations in the current Australian healthcare model, including the need for patient‐centred interdisciplinary care that treats the biopsychosocial needs of people with endometriosis, and widespread pain education, spanning medical training to community awareness.