bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The most prevalent allergenic airborne pollens among Egyptian patients with respiratory allergy
Authors: Refaat Maged M , Melek Nermine A.E , Ahmed Eman E , Abdellatif Osama M , Mohamed Manar F , Noor Al- Din Nada M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Allergy symptoms occur when the immune system overreacts to environmental allergens, such as pollen or dust, which are typically harmless to most individuals but induce a potentially severe reaction to those who are sensitive to them. Pollen is one of the main reasons to cause seasonal allergic respiratory diseases and it is influenced by multiple risk factors.

Objective
To determine the most prevalent types of allergenic pollens by skin prick testing among Egyptian patients with respiratory allergy (asthma and/or allergic rhinitis).

Methods
200 adult patients, all were subjected to the following: full detailed medical history, clinical examination, asthma severity grading according to the GINA Guidelines, allergic rhinitis severity grading according to ARIA Guidelines, pulmonary Function tests for asthmatic patients. (PFTs), CBC with differential for detection of eosinophilic count, Skin prick testing (SPT) to common environmental allergens and common food allergen.

Results
The present study proved that the grass pollens; timothy grass and maize were the most prevalent pollens among Egyptian respiratory allergy patients.

Conclusion
Difference in results of SPT performed to patients across different countries is explained by the difference in climates, which affects pollination, Egypt is considered to have a dry, desert-like climate in addition to its coastal regions. Our results revealed that both timothy grass and maize pollens were the most prevalent among Egyptian respiratory allergy patients.
Studying the relationship between tobacco use and depression between Egyptian patients
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Saad , ElHabiby Mahmoud Mamdouh , Elkholy Hussien Ahmed , Ahmed Ahmed DyaaEldeen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Although much attention has been drawn to trends in smoking and smoking related diseases in the general population, increasing evidence suggests that patients with mental illness are at a high risk for tobacco use and nicotine addiction. Cigarette smokers usually state the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of smoking, but evidence reports that cigarette smoking may promote negative effect, so that the causal direction of this association still mysterious. It was reported that there is a cause effect relationship between cigarette smoking and depression as multiple studies mentioned that tobacco use increases the risk of symptoms of depression. The relationship between smoking and depression was attributed to genetic predisposition, low level of dopamine, low self-esteem, and coping styles.

Aim of the Work
The current study aimed to study the pattern of tobacco use among patients with depression, to study the degree of motivation to quit in patients with depression, and to assess severity of suicidal behavior among patients with depression using tobacco.

Patients and Methods
This is a case control study conducted in patients with the diagnosis of depression attending the outpatient clinic or inpatient of the institute of psychiatry Ain Shams University Hospitals during the academic year 2018-2019. The sample size was consisted of 100 patients and the patients were selected randomly. The relationship between tobacco use and depression between Egyptian patients was assessed using Socioeconomic status scale (SES), Hamilton Rating scale for Depression (HRSD), FagerströmTest for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale-11 (LWDS-11), Reason for quitting scale (RFQ), Columbia–Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), and ICD-10 symptom checklist for mental disorders.

Results
The present study showed a statistical significant association between the following scales; Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS), Difference score of Reason for quitting scale (RFQ) and Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS), and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and Columbia–Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS).

Conclusion
Compared to non-depressive persons, the results showed that depressive groups were less desired for quitting smoking.
Pathway to Service and Duration of Untreated Attention Deficit, Hyperactivity Disorder among Children Presented to a Governmental, Mental Health Hospital in Egypt
Authors: Ramy Hisham Ahmed , Hashem Reem Elsayed , Khamis Marwa Esameldin , Abdelaziz Aya Alaa Said 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. Despite the presence of evidence based approved diagnosing and treatment tools for ADHD, there still is an underdiagnoses and underutilization of these services.
Untreated ADHD, unlike what some families may believe, doesn’t go away on its own, in fact, the condition may get worse with age, affecting more domains of the child’s life as an adolescent and later on as an adult. In addition, untreated ADHD impacts not only the patient, but also the family and the society as a whole.

Objective
to investigate different routes that parents take before reaching the child and adolescence psychiatric services. And to further explore various reasons for any delay in seeking psychiatric help. In addition we aimed to estimate the duration of untreated ADHD before patients receive proper psychiatric service and treatment.

Patients and Methods
A total of 350 cases were recruited in a cross sectional study that took place at the Child and Adolescence outpatient clinic at Abbassia mental health hospital in Cairo, Egypt.

Results
Results showed that the average delay in seeking Child and Adolescence psychiatric service and the duration of untreated ADHD was 3±2 years. The majority of parents, 27.1%, first consulted pediatricians as regards to their child’s symptoms. The most commonly reported source of referral was school teachers in 23.1%. The most distressing symptom stated by 28.1% of parents was impulsivity. Stigma of mental illness was the most frequently reported reason for delay in reaching out for psychiatric service.

Conclusion
we concluded that parents tend to take other routes through different professions before reaching Child and Adolescence Mental Health Services, this causes subsequent delay in receiving diagnosis and treatment for ADHD. In Addition, it was concluded that sociocultural beliefs affected parent’s pattern of help seeking.
Psychiatric comorbidities among a sample of suicidal adolescents presenting to poison control center, Ain shams university
Authors: Abo EL Ella Eman Ibrahim , Sakr Mahmod Lotfy , Abd El-hamed Walaa Mohamed Sabry , saad Ali Hagar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Suicide is a major cause of death all over the world with increasing risk especially in adolescents. Multiple studies have been conducted to study the risk factors and the underlying causes that lead to suicide. However, there is scarcity of data regarding suicide in adolescents. As it’s well known that most of psychiatric illnesses can be complicated with suicide especially those related to personality and substance use disorders.
For Egypt, adolescents represent almost one third of the total population, hence the importance of studying the risk factors and associated psychiatric comorbidities that may lead to adolescence suicide in order to reach proper intervention plans.
One of the most powerful double-sided weapons in that matter is the internet and social media use, as there has been a debate around whether it’s beneficial in seeking professional help or harmful as it may introduce methods of suicide and block any means of getting help
Hence, was the hope of this study to provide an understanding of the prevalence of suicide among adolescents and the underlying psychiatric comorbidities to reach proper intervention and prevention plans.

Aim of the Work
This study aimed at detecting the occurrence rate of suicide and suicide related behaviors and the underlying psychiatric comorbidities among a sample of 241 suicidal adolescents aged 12-18 presenting to poison control center, Ain Shams University and also To identify factors which are associated with high suicidal intent And compare the sociodemographic variables and the increase in electronic device /social use among adolescents with suicidal attempts versus non-suicidal adolescents.

Patients and Methods
This is a descriptive Cross-sectional study hospital-based study conducted in poison control center of Ain Shams University hospital. The present study aimed at detecting the occurrence rate of suicide among 241 adolescents, over six months period from February 2019 to July 2019. The socioeconomic status was assessed using Socioeconomic status scale (SES), the suicide intent was assessed using the beck suicide intent scale and the psychiatric comorbidities were assessed using the MINI International Neuropsychiatry Interview for children and adolescents kid scale
Effect of tele-stroke application on length of stay and outcome of stroke unit inpatients
Authors: El-khayat Naglaa Mohamed , Emara Tamer Hussein , Roushdy Tamer Mahmoud , Elmancy khaled Fayez 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite advances in acute stroke treatment, stroke remains the second most common cause of death and the leading cause for long-term adult disability worldwide
Telemedicine, a method of healthcare delivery and support using telecommunication technologies, is becoming increasingly popular across a wide range of health conditions. Tele stroke has grown significantly in the past decade and has entered mainstream care for patients with acute stroke. It enables such patients to be remotely evaluated, thereby allowing optimal treatment and management even in clinically underserved areas and removing geographical disparities in access to expert care.

Objective
Study the effectiveness of Tele-stroke regarding length of stay& stroke outcomes &occurrence of medical comorbidities in admitted patients by comparing these measures before and after tele stroke application in ain shams university specialized hospital(ASUSH)

Methods
Comparative observational study. we stratified patients into two groups:
“Group 1”: patients admitted 3 months before application of tele stroke
“Group 2”: patients admitted 3 months after application of tele stroke
We compared between two groups regarding sociodemographic data , length of stay and NIH scoring on admission & discharge before and after implementation of tele stroke system

Results
regarding length of stay, it was ranged from 1 to 19 days with mean (4.3 ± 3.3) in group (I) comparing to range 1 to 12 with mean (3.5 ± 1.9) days in group (II) with significant decrease (p = 0.033*).
By analysis of results by means for difference between NIH on admission and in discharge , the means difference in group I was 2.8±1.9 vs. 3.5±2.3 in group II with significant difference (p-value =0.29*)

CONCLUSION
Our study concluded that application of tele stroke had significant improvement in stroke unit care as regard length of stay, rapid improvement of patients according to NIH scoring and mRS
Sexual Behavior In preschool, school and preadolescents children A Sample from Outpatient’s Clinic of Pediatric Hospital
Authors: Taha Ghada Refaat Amen , Gad Ghada Ibrahem , Khamis Marwa Esameldin , Ali Zeinab Mohamed Ahmed , Ali Kholoud Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Studies have suggested that Sexual behaviors are common in children. More than 50% of children will engage in some type of sexual behavior before their 13th birthday. Sexual behaviors in children range from normal and developmentally appropriate to abusive and violent. In retrospective study of 339 child welfare and mental health professionals in which participants were asked about their own experiences before 13 years of age, 73% recalled engaging in sexual behaviors with other children, 34% recalled showing their genitals to another child, 16% recalled simulating intercourse with another child, and 5% recalled inserting an object in the vagina or rectum of another child

Aim of the Work
To observe the developmental course of describe normative sexual behaviors in 2- to 12-years-old Egyptian children and to assess the relative frequencies of different types of sexual behaviors in general outpatient clinic of pediatric hospital of Ain Shams University hospitals.

Patients and Methods
This is a Cross sectional analytical started on October 2018. Study conducted in pediatric hospital Ain Shams University hospitals. This present study aimed at analyzing the data of 500 children aged from 2 to 12 years old. Thirsty four refused to participate on sexual behaviour questions.

Results
A total of 500 questionnaires were done by parents of child vising clinic of pediatric hospital of Ain Shams university, 35 refused to participate in sexual behaviour questionnaire. It was divided in three groups. Preschool aged children from 2-6 years 254 child (50.8%), school aged children from 6-9 years 106 child (18.82%) & preadolescents from 10 to 12 years 140 child (24.014%). The study Included both 252 males and 248 females. The most sexual behaviours detected among children “sometimes” were touching genitals at home 111(22.2%), child asks about sexual acts 86 child (17.2%) & saying sexual words 80 (16%) and mostly repeated children was flirt with strangers 11(2.2%) & asking about sex more than other children 10 (2%).

Conclusion
In general, sexual behaviors in children two to five years of age are of a greater variety and are more common compared with the behaviors in children older than five years. once the child becomes aware of social rules regarding sexual behaviors in public, those behaviors become more covert. There is a need for further national studies in different settings, to help create a better understanding of what constitutes both normative and deviant sexual behaviour in children.
VALUE OF MUSCLE MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN COMPARISON WITH MUSCLE BIOPSY FOR DIFFERENTIATING VARIOUS TYPES OF LGMD
Authors: Ihab Sarah M , El-aidy Doaa A , Ahmed Khaled A , Fahmy Nagia A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophies (LGMD) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders which share progressive muscle weakness and degenerative muscle changes involving the shoulder and pelvic girdle muscles. The diagnostic approach is based on a comprehensive clinical history, a thorough physical examination, laboratory data, electrophysiological investigations, and particularly the histologic and immunoanalysis of a muscle biopsy, followed by a genetic confirmation of the diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) complements clinical examination by delineating characteristic disease specific patterns of muscle involvement which helps in differentiation of individual LGMD subtypes. It is used to demonstrate the severity and distinguish between dystrophic and non-dystrophic diseases.

Objective
Identification of the value, sensitivity of Muscle MRI to be used as a tool for diagnosis and differentiation of patients with LGMD and as a guidance for the needed immunological and genetic studies to confirm their diagnosis.

Patients and methods
This study was conducted on 71 patients with clinical criteria of LGMD diagnosed by clinical, laboratory and dystrophic muscle biopsy from Myology Clinic and Neuromuscular Unit, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Muscle MRI was done blind from the results of muscle biopsy, immunohistochemistry and genetic studies. MRI muscles was done at mid-thigh, mid-leg levels. MRI Equipment was 1.5 Tesla in the Radiology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals (T1, Fat subtraction). MRI T1 images were obtained and muscle fatty infiltration in every single muscle was graded on a 5 point rating scale.

Results
The results showed that the diagnostic performance of muscle MRI in LGMD is most sensitive when calculated in examined Thigh muscles, followed by Leg muscles in comparison with muscle biopsy.

Conclusion
Muscle MRI is a practical, reproducible and valid tool that can be used in assessment of suspected LGMD patients.
Analysis of Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer After Treatment with Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Versus 3D Radiation Therapy
Authors: Abd-elhafeez Zeinab M , Nasr Khaled E , din Mai M. Ezz El , Makram Bassam E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men. Patients with localized prostate cancer have multiple treatment options including active surveillance, prostatectomy, brachytherapy, and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Aim of the Work: to report on the quality of life outcomes in a number of male patients who underwent intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for clinically localized cancer prostate, compared to patients underwent 3D CRT, using licensed Arabic version of FACT-P questionnaire.

Patients and Methods
The present study included 103 patients diagnosed by localized prostate cancer. Patients files were collected from International medical center and oncology department at Ain Shams University hospital from June 2018 to December 2018. They were divided into two groups: Group I consisted of 51 patients treated using 3D CRT, all of them are under hormonal treatment. They completed a questionnaire at (Month 0) baseline, then on the followup visit, after 3, 6 months (Month 3, 6). Group II consisted of 52 patients treated by IMRT and hormonal treatment, the same dose range and field as 3D CRT. They participated and completed the questionnaire at the same phases (Month 0, 3, 6) with the same methods as the 1st group.

Results
stability in HRQoL (social and emotional subscales) in 3DCRT and the IMRT groups, and no significant difference among the two groups was observed throughout the follow-up period, although the radiation doses prescribed differed from one another. And showed a significant improvement in scores of (physical, functional and prostate concerns) subscales.

Conclusion
The two approaches used in this study showed similar patterns of alterations regarding general and disease specific HRQL with mild superiority for IMRT for the first 6 months after radiation therapy. Comparison of results between the 3DCRT and the IMRT groups revealed no substantial degrees of impairment in rectal toxicity and sexual function despite the dose escalation in the IMRT protocol. Thus, IMRT seems to offer a good treatment delivery approach with favorable HRQL outcomes.
Multi Institutional Retrospective Study about Median Survival Outcome for Women with Metastatic Triple Negative and HER2 Positive Breast Cancer in Egypt
Authors: Gazaly Hesham Ahmed El , Tawfik Ass. Prof. Dr. Amr Shafik , Saleh Essam , ElHameed Doaa Mohammed Abd 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among females around the world. It represents 1.7 million new cases per year and 25% of all types of cancers.

Objectives
Assessment of median overall survival in most aggressive subtypes of metastatic breast cancer (Triple –Ve and HER2+Ve) & to compare survival of metastatic HER2+Ve breast cancer in group received targeted versus that did not receive.

Patient and Methods
Multi institutional retrospective study for assessment of median OS in metastatic breast cancer for themost aggressive subtypes (HER2+Ve &Triple-Ve) at Ain Shams University Hospitals and El-Matarya teaching Hospital.

Results
Seventy-three metastatic breast cancer patients were included (31 Triple-Ve & 42 HER2+Ve) in the period between January 2014 and December 2016 At Ain Shams University Hospitals and El-Matarya teaching Hospital, we found that median OS for Triple negative group is 16 months with (95% CI 8.8- 23.6) , that for HER2+Ve group is 17 months with (95% CI 13.9 – 20.6) & for patients did not receive targeted therapy, median OS is 10 months (95% CI. 4-19.4,P.000).

Conclusion
From our study,we highlight that metastatic breast cancer patients (HER2+Ve subtype) &received targeted therapy, had the most superior survival outcome. so,targeted therapy must be included in first line treatment.
Prospective non interventional Study Evaluating Prognostic and Predictive value of PDL-1 expression and associated T-cell infiltration in Primary Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Tawfik Maha Maher , Wakiel Hesham EL , Lotfy Amr , Ghany Dalia Abd EL , Shakweer Marwa M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Immune system plays an important role in cancer evolution. However, cancer cells affect the immune system and use it for its growth and survival. Tumor infiltration lymphocytes and PDL-1 expression proved to play an important prognostic role in different malignancies. We aimed at evaluating this role in laryngeal cancer.

Methodology
We prospectively analyzed the pre-treatment paraffin blocks for laryngeal cancer patients, whether on the laryngoscopy or operative specimens, to identify the CD8-positive cells in the tumor epithelium or stroma and the PDL-1 expression on the tumor cells. Appropriate tissue was used as positive control; placenta for PDL-1 and tonsil for CD8. A total score formed of the sum of percentage and intensity of PDL-1. A final comprehensive rate was considered as low expression when combined percentage and intensity score from 0 to 4, and high expression when score from 5-7. According to the distribution, the CD8+T cell invasion was divided into strong infiltration (&gt; 10/100 of epithelial cells; &gt;20/100 stromal cell infiltration) and weak infiltration (&lt; 10/100 epithelial cells; &lt; 20/100 stromal cell infiltration).

Results
40 patients were included in our study; 12 patients had early stage disease (I or II) and 28 with advanced stage (III or IV). PDL-1 expression was positive in 92.5%. Neither the PDL-1 nor CD-8 were found significantly correlated to OS in the whole population, however patients with advanced stage, median OS was significantly low for negative or low compared to high PDL-1 expression (11.7 vs 25.2 months (p = 0.036)), a trend of better OS in high CD8 Epithelial expression (25.1 versus 15.9, P = 0.514) and again trend of higher OS in high CD8 Stromal expression (25.3 versus 15.6 months, p = 0.375). Also there were significant correlation between the CD8 expression in the tumor epithelium and stroma with the PDL-1 expression with p-value of 0.001 and &lt; 0.0001 respectively.

Conclusion
there is a positive correlation between tumor infiltration lymphocytes and PDL-1 expression in laryngeal squamous carcinoma and the higher PDL-1 expression in advanced stage laryngeal cancer is associated with better OS.