bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research of Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System of Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Jiayi 
Published: February 2025

This passage talks about the formation of breast cancer and the traditional treatment of curing breast cancer. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers all over the world. There are many people died because of this cancer. Now, doctors have several methods to cure this cancer, and the two most common methods are radiation therapy and surgery. Although these methods can cure breast cancer, they have several disadvantages and scientists try to find new ways to cure breast cancer. With the invention of technology, scientists invented the nanoparticle drug delivery system and tried to use nanoparticle drug delivery systems to treat breast cancer. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems also have different ways and limitations in curing breast cancer. The passage talks about three main ways: Liposomal nanoparticles system, Polymer-based nanoparticles system, and Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles system.
Modernização agrícola e os conflitos de uso da água na bacia hidrográfica do rio Urucuia, Noroeste de Minas Gerais
Authors: Gualdani Carla , Luiz Araújo Sobrinho Fernando 
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo discute o processo de modernização e a tecnificação produtiva dos espaços agrícolas, da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Urucuia e seus doze municípios, localizados na região Noroeste do Estado de Minas Gerais. Estes municípios vêm passando por transformações com o aumento da produção de grãos e com a instalação de pivôs de irrigação, acirrando as disputas por água. Para a discussão foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos secundários, bem como identificação das áreas de conflito por uso da água e espacialização destes, aliado a uma análise da expansão dos cultivos relacionados a essa tecnificação. Foram identificadas 8 áreas de conflitos por uso da água, nos municípios onde se destacou a produção de grãos, confirmando que esse modelo de desenvolvimento é concentrador e expropriador de riquezas, demandando dos órgãos públicos e da sociedade civil organizada, ordenamento de usos e cobranças efetivas para readequação desse sistema e solução dos conflitos por água.
Policentralidade em cidades médias: apontamentos sobre Montes Claros-MG
Authors: França Iara Soares de , Barbosa Micaela Cardoso , Santos Suzane Fátima Ribeiro 
Published: February 2025

No Brasil, o crescente processo de urbanização consolidado após a 2ª metade do século XX provocou alterações importantes em sua configuração espacial e econômica. Deste ponto de vista, reconhece-se a conformação das centralidades e das novas centralidades urbanas que implica em produção de capitais, bens, serviços, consumos e novos arranjos locacionais e populacionais. Portanto, uma nova estrutura urbana é produzida com a transformação da cidade monocêntrica para a policêntrica. Analisou-se a cidade média de Montes Claros/MG constituída, em sua origem, num padrão monocêntrico e transformada em cidade policêntrica, sobretudo, a partir no final do século XX. A análise revelou que decorrente do processo de centralização com a consolidação do centro principal, assiste-se nesta cidade média a descentralização e a formação de novas centralidades urbanas. Demonstrou-se que Montes Claros apresenta novas dinâmicas espaciais constituindo-se em policentralidades sob a forma de subcentros em comércios e serviços, eixos comerciais e shopping centers.
A medalha Arquitetura Brasileira de Honório Peçanha (1978)
Authors: Rocha Ricardo de souza 
Published: February 2025

O artigo propõe uma “análise atenta” da medalha Arquitetura Brasileira (1978), concebida por Honório Peçanha. Do ponto de vista metodológico, trata-se de entendê-la como objeto privilegiado, um “lugar de memória”, tal como sugerido por Pierre Nora, para o entendimento das relações entre escultura e arquitetura em meio aos debates sociais e formais no crepúsculo do modernismo: a partir de um “monumento” comemorativo, discute-se um mais amplo conjunto de nuances, na confluência de métodos entre história da arte (atenção ao objeto e sua fatura), história da cultura e mentalidades (atenção ao contexto e condições da produção artística), e em uma aproximação aos recursos da micro-história, como sua apropriação da descrição densa de Clifford Geertz (relacionando a atenção ao objeto com a atenção ao contexto). A relevância do trabalho, ao esmiuçar o “lugar” da medalhística na historiografia e na arte, está em alcançar, assim, resultados como perceber de que modo temas como a “mania das estátuas” ou Realismo Socialista reverberam na tensão entre o figurativismo do nosso primeiro modernismo e as correntes construtivas e abstratas que se firmam no pós-guerra, e o papel de “certa arquitetura” (Niemeyer) nesta espécie de transição.
Pengaruh Audit Tenure KAP, Reputation KAP, Audit Fee, Auditor Switching dan Firm Size Terhadap Audit Quality dengan Audit Committee Sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada Indeks Kompas100 Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI)
Authors: Napiajo Napiajo , Hamzani Umiaty , Ikhsan Syarbini 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh Audit Tenure KAP, Reputation KAP, Audit Fee, Auditor Switching dan Firm Size terhadap Audit Quality dengan dimoderasi Audit Committee. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa data dari laporan tahunan dan laporan keuangan (annual report) perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Populasi dalam penelitian ini yang dipilih sebagai objek penelitian adalah perusahaan-perusahaan yang terdaftar di indeks Kompas100 di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama rentang tahun tahun 2021-2023 yaitu berjumlah 140 Perusahaan. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) dan analisis regresi linear berganda (Multiple Linear Regression) dan alat analisis statistik SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Audit Tenure KAP, Reputation KAP, Audit Fee berpengaruh negatif terhadap Audit Quality, sedangkan Auditor Switching dan Firm Size berpengaruh positif terhadap Audit Quality. Audit Committee mampu memoderasi hubungan antara Audit Tenure KAP, Reputation KAP terhadap Audit Quality, untuk variabel sisanya yaitu Audit Fee, Auditor Switching dan Firm Size, Audit Committee tidak mampu memoderasi hubungannya dengan Audit Quality.
Een remix van het strafproces? Een hiphop-theorie van het herstelrecht
Authors: Pemberton Antony 
Published: February 2025

A remix of the criminal justice process? A hip-hop theory of restorative justice
Hip-hop and restorative justice may seem odd bedfellows, but according to Antony Pemberton they have more in common than many would assume. In the first place hip-hop shares a common history, at least with restorative justice's modern incarnations, spanning four decades, to become a similarly global phenomenon. Much of the social ecology shaping RJ is similar to hiphop. In addition hiphop's criticism of criminal justice almost goes without saying. Almost no source offers similar scathing critique of criminal justice and penal institutions as rap lyrics. Pemberton concludes that rituals in hip-hop are connected with the need to deal with conflict. The way respect and disrespect can coincide in rap-battles might offer insights in the way similar dialectics can be navigated within restorative justice processes. The extent to which this is possible is necessarily limited. Pemberton finds that hip-hop – with the exception of graffiti- does not seem currently to criticize the key neo-liberal values of the American Zeitgeist. The much maligned chasm between the old-school and the new school can be situated in this observation. Where hip-hop, as a social movement, used to deploy the depiction of injustice as a means to underline the necessity of social change, the current motto appears to be rich or die tryin”. The life of the thug and the gangsta is depicted as the epitome of the American Dream. Here Pemberton sees grounds for a cautionary warning for restorative justice, which is nurtured by a similar neo-liberal undercurrent in a number of jurisdictions.
Mediaberichtgeving over calamiteiten: de magie meester?
Authors: Zoeteman Bastiaan , Kersten Wouter 
Published: February 2025

Media attention for calamities: mastering magic?
Authorities are increasingly challenged by the globalised media to improve their way of communication to the public. This applies particularly for the management of calamities. In the past government was acting at the top of the information pyramid, but this is no longer the case. Professionals and citizens have become more self reliant and active in collecting information. The hierarchical communication structure has been replaced by a network structure. In case the government is not handling this changed situation adequately it is likely to result in loss of authority and of communication efficiency.In this paper results are presented of two studies carried out in the period 2005-2007 involving in total 110 calamities. The general purpose of the study was to analyze the changing communication landscape of risks and calamities in order to provide government authorities with recommendations to improve communication effectiveness e.g. by applying communication instruments adapted to the new situation. In this context the predictability of the size of the media attention for a calamity has been assessed. If media attention can be predicted in an early phase of the calamity this will provide extra reaction time to authorities and may help to e.g. nominate a spokesperson at the right level from the beginning.The results show that media attention can be reasonably well predicted on the basis of a limited number of criteria. Powerful predictive criteria are e.g. economic damage, number of evacuated people, and a general criterion called the magic factor. This is a container criterion including aspects such as newness, hugeness and related aspects which have as common denominator that they stimulate imagination and have a highly emotional content.Although the study focused on external safety calamities the predictive methodology is also applicable for other types of calamities which have similar time-space characteristics, such as terrorist attacks. Media will however never be completely predictable. Therefore intuition, local expertise, and repeated assessment of the likely media attention are needed to come to a reliable overall judgement.
Filteren op internet
Authors: Leukfeldt Rutger , Stol Wouter , Kaspersen Rik , Kerstens Joyce , Lodder Arno 
Published: February 2025

Filtering the Internet: the role of the Dutch government in blocking websites with child pornographic content
The distribution of child pornography on the internet is observed as a major social problem. In the Netherlands a lively political-social discussion has emerged concerning the manner in which this can be prevented. The discussion moves between two polarities. On the one hand the dangers of internet censure are emphasised and on the other hand the need for a clamp down in which every measure seems to be justified. The present government wants to combat child pornography and by doing so answer the moral indignation of society. A means that the Dutch government, and on her behalf the police, uses, is blocking websites with child-pornographic content. The possibilities of the Dutch government to filter effectively, however, are restricted. The accuracy of existing filters is low and it is easy to get around filters. In addition, opportunities are restricted by constitutional rights. A filter that stops all websites with child pornography is bound to stop legal internet traffic too. That is at odds with the constitutional rights of freedom of expression and freedom of information gathering. The realisation of a filter that respects fundamental rights and still is able to block child pornography requires a lot of police manpower. This comes at the expense of the tracking down of criminals who produce and distribute child pornography. Furthermore, it is unknown whether the use of the child-pornography filter leads to the purposes for which they are deployed, such as hindering the sale of child pornography or reducing the abuse of children. The police, therefore, is assigned to a task that requires a considerable amount of time, but the benefits of which are unclear.
Internationale lessen voor een sluitende aanpak nazorg
Authors: Fischer Tamar 
Published: February 2025

International lessons for a comprehensive approach to aftercare. A literature review of evaluation studies on aftercare programs for former prisoners
The Dutch aftercare for former prisoners is strongly developing. This article describes lessons from international experiences with aftercare for former prisoners in three areas of life: alcohol and drug problems, work and housing. Moreover, it discusses which lessons are especially relevant for the Dutch system. The analysis of the literature shows to what extent and under which conditions voluntary aftercare can affect reintegration and recidivism. Conclusions are that various aftercare programs do affect recidivism to some extent, but that the level of success differs substantially across programs and across subpopulations of former prisoners. Both programs that start during detention and continue after release and programs that combine multiple services (e.g. housing services and drug treatment) are most successful. Work programs have the strongest effects for older individuals. In all three areas of aftercare studied in this article, the strongest program effects were found for subpopulations with the highest risk of recidivism. The review also shows that communication between organizations and the integration of services are very important for the success of aftercare programs.
Tien jaar veiligheidsonderzoek in het Tijdschrift voor Veiligheid
Authors: Stol Wouter 
Published: February 2025

Ten years of publications in the Dutch Journal of Safety Studies
From its beginning in 2002, the Dutch Journal of Safety Studies (JSS) has wanted to be a platform for Dutch and Belgian academic articles about all facets of safety and security. Furthermore the journal wants to be a platform for multidisciplinary articles in which safety and security issues are studied from different and complementary perspectives or academic fields.This article provides a content analysis of all 129 JSS-articles. The analysis shows that the focus of JSS is on matters of social safety (and less on the more ‘technical’ safety issues) and on the organization of safety (functioning of organizations or networks and/or the effectiveness of measures) and less on safety as such. Over the years, a few changes have taken place. (1) In the field of social safety the focus has shifted somewhat from ‘the organization of safety’ towards safety as such. (2) Although the proportion of articles from Belgium is small (5,4%), it has increased over the years. (3) Authors from Dutch universities of applied sciences have published no more than 4 articles (3,1%), the first one of which appeared in Volume 6. After some years, these authors discovered the JSS as a platform for their work.JSS covers a wide range of subjects in the field of safety and how it can be organized. Although most articles stem from criminology and/or public management, JSS contains articles from different academic fields such as criminology, communication, law, psychology, engineering, public management, medical science, etc. However, in one and the same article one does not often find a combination of really different academic perspectives, such as engineering and psychology or informatics and criminology. If the JSS aims to be a truly multidisciplinary journal, it should contain more articles of this kind over the next ten years.
Veiligheid
Authors: Resodihardjo Sandra , Kors-Walraven Anne 
Published: February 2025

Safety: an ever-expanding concept
A number of authors claim that the Dutch government is using the words safety and security more often and more broadly. In this article we show that this is partly true. By studying the usage of the word safety in the Dutch queen’s speeches, we see that especially from 1999 onwards the speeches do contain more references to safety and security issues. Moreover, more and more topics are defined as a safety and security issue. However, this same study shows that a decline in the use of the words safety and security can be discerned from 2006 onwards. Ideas to understand these fluctuations are presented at the end of the article.
Regionale risicoprofielen ter versterking van veiligheidscapaciteiten
Authors: Vlek Charles 
Published: February 2025

Regional risk profiles for strengthening safety capacities: overview and evaluation against the background of external-safety policies
A regional risk profile (RRP) is a systematic ordering – by likelihood and impact seriousness – of identified hazards and threats in one of the Netherlands’ 25 safety regions. Since 2010, RRPs follow the Dutch National Risk Assessment (NRA) as a basis for prioritising regional safety capacities. In Europe, RRPs are proliferating, and the corresponding risk-assessment approach is further spreading internationally. The methodology comprises risk identification, scenario development, multi-criteria impact evaluation, expert likelihood estimation, a two-dimensional risk diagram and an analysis and prioritisation of safety capabilities. A compact overview and discussion is provided of the 25 published RRPs for the Netherlands, each covering between 9 and 40 hazards and threats, along with their most and least worrying risk scenarios. It appears that for many regions pandemic disease, electricity black-out and major flooding are most worrying, while transport accident, industry fire and disturbance of water supply are (relatively) least worrying. Also, in different regions similar risk scenarios (e.g., pandemic disease and electricity black-out) are assessed rather differently, both by likelihood and by impact seriousness. Apparent weaknesses of the RRP (and the NRA) approach so far are, among other: lack of stakeholder involvement, rigid multi-criteria impact evaluation, hybrid methods for likelihood estimation, forced comparison of disparate risk scenarios, and unclear decision rules for risk acceptance. Independent review and validation of major RRP components is recommended for strengthening overall results as a reliable basis for regional safety policies. The ‘new risk thinking’ is considered in view of the long-problematic standard-setting approach about Individual Risk and Group Risk in the framework of Dutch external-safety policies. The RRP approach may be called ambitious and much-demanding. External validation and closer cooperation between safety policy-makers and scientists seem desirable.
Resíduos recicláveis descartados como rejeitos: composição e análise econômica
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Paula Lopes , Sacramento Patricia Almeida , Biluca Juliana 
Published: February 2025

Os resíduos sólidos que não possuem viabilidade técnica e/ou econômica de tratamento e recuperação são considerados como rejeitos, conhecer sua composição é fundamental para planejar políticas públicas que minimizem sua geração. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os rejeitos do processo de triagem da coleta seletiva no município de Umuarama/PR. Os resíduos coletados foram avaliados por 30 dias (agosto/2019), para determinar: a quantidade mensal de rejeitos gerados, a composição gravimétrica e realizar a análise econômica. Contabilizou-se 85,9 toneladas de resíduos, e deste, 23,36% foram rejeitados pela triagem. Entre os rejeitos, os materiais mais frequentes foram polímeros 2 e têxteis/couros. Os rejeitos, descartados pela cooperativa, mas passíveis de serem comercializados (35,83%), apresentaram uma perda/desperdício de R$ 2.847,51 mensais. O restante, 64,17% dos rejeitos, deveriam ser destinados diretamente para o aterro sanitário. Essas informações são importantes para melhorias na gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos que são encaminhados para a coleta seletiva.
Diversificación Viral en interfaces con alto grado de Biodiversidad de Hospederos
Authors: Diaz Delgadillo Andrés Felipe 
Published: February 2025

La evolución viral depende en gran medida de las barreras inmunitarias y la densidad de la población de hospederos. Las barreras inmunitarias pueden ser similares al interior de una filogenia, pero muy diversas entre distintos taxones. Se cree que mientras más especies tenga el taxón o más diversidad haya, mayor variedad de respuestas inmunes contra los virus circulantes en el ecosistema, este fenómeno se conoce como efecto de dilución. Por el contrario, si hay un mayor número de especies, pero estas promueven la aparición de virus, se conoce como efecto de amplificación. Este rol amplio que parece tener la diversidad biológica, sugiere que la posibilidad de que nuevos virus emergentes pueden adaptarse efectivamente a todos los taxones sea baja de manera natural. Sin embargo, las interfaces de propagación, como granjas, bordes de bosque, parques o bosques artificiales y áreas fragmentadas representan puntos de convergencia entre múltiples especies y sus virus y se desconoce el papel de la biodiversidad en estos escenarios embebidos en interfaces ecológicas con gradientes de Biodiversidad.

En esta investigación se construye un modelo de estimación del riesgo de amplificación o dilución de un virus promiscuo capaz de infectar hasta 150 taxones. Se simula el ajuste biológico del virus en una interfaz de propagación con distintos gradientes de Biodiversidad denominado Sflux y se hipotetiza que mientras el gradiente de Biodiversidad sea mayor, es más costoso para un virus promiscuo, propagarse a través de una miríada de especies distintas a través del borde. Las simulaciones tienen en cuenta que el flujo neto de diversidad Sflux y la capacidad de carga de la población de hospederos a lo largo de la frontera de propagación pueden cambiar esta dinámica.

Los resultados indican que, en límites de Biodiversidad intermedios, el virus promiscuo sufre el fenómeno de dilución mientras que en límites de Biodiversidad baja el riesgo de amplificación es alto. Este resultado es coherente con investigaciones anteriores que concluyen positivamente sobre los efectos positivos de la Biodiversidad en interfaces ecológicas. Sin embargo, para nuestra sorpresa, en condiciones de muy alta Biodiversidad, el fenómeno de amplificación aumenta significativamente, en este caso por los efectos conjuntos entre la Biodiversidad y la densidad poblacional a través de la interfaz. Esto sugiere que ambientes con alto flujo de hospederos como por ejemplo corredores Biológicos o bosques fragmentados pueden ser cruciales en la propagación de patógenos y más aún al establecimiento de virus con alto grado de amplificación. Este escenario genera preocupación sobre si el origen de nuevas cepas virales ocurre en interfaces de alta biodiversidad y si la evolución de los virus se amplifica o se diluye en ambientes Biodiversos.