bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Investigation of a Solar Thermal Collector Based on Nanostructured Energy Materials
Authors: Zain Muhammad , Amjad Muhammad , Farooq Muhammad , Anwar Zahid , Shoukat Rabia , Bandarra Filho Enio P. , Du Xiaoze 
Published: January 2021

The convective and conductive heat transfer between the solar collector and working fluids make photothermal performance limited, and result in a higher rate of heat loss from the surface of the conventional absorber to the surroundings. Direct absorption solar collectors (DASC) are a favorable alternative for their improved photothermal performance. In this study, a simulation based on the performance of a nanostructured solar collector has been carried out using TRNSYS. The connective and conductive heat transfer from direct solar collectors were improved by using nanofluids and three different nanostructured materials, CuO, GO, and ZnO, in this study. The analysis determines the outlet temperature of the working fluids that passed through the direct solar collector. The TRNSYS model consists of a direct solar collector and weather model for Lahore city, the simulations were performed for the whole year for 1,440 h. The stability of these nanostructured materials in the water was investigated by using a UV‐Vis spectrophotometer. Various performance parameters of direct solar collectors were determined, such as variation in outlet collector temperature and heat transfer rates. The numerical model is validated with experimental results. A maximum outlet temperature of 63°C was observed for GO-based nanofluids. The simulation results show that for the whole year, nanofluids improved the performance of direct solar collectors. Significant improvements in the heat transfer rate of 23.52, 21.11, and 15.09% were observed for the nanofluids based on nanostructures of CuO, ZnO, and GO respectively, as compared to water. These nanostructured energy materials are beneficial in solar-driven applications like solar desalination, solar water, and space heating.
Human Cerebral Cortex Proteome of Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome
Authors: Holm Katharine Nichole , Herren Anthony W. , Taylor Sandra L. , Randol Jamie L. , Kim Kyoungmi , Espinal Glenda , Martínez-Cerdeño Verónica , Pessah Isaac N. , Hagerman Randi J. , Hagerman Paul J. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder associated with premutation CGG-repeat expansions (55–200 repeats) in the 5′ non-coding portion of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. Core features of FXTAS include progressive tremor/ataxia, cognitive decline, variable brain volume loss, and white matter disease. The principal histopathological feature of FXTAS is the presence of central nervous system (CNS) and non-CNS intranuclear inclusions.Objective: To further elucidate the molecular underpinnings of FXTAS through the proteomic characterization of human FXTAS cortexes.Results: Proteomic analysis of FXTAS brain cortical tissue (n = 8) identified minor differences in protein abundance compared to control brains (n = 6). Significant differences in FXTAS relative to control brain predominantly involved decreased abundance of proteins, with the greatest decreases observed for tenascin-C (TNC), cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38), and phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1); proteins typically increased in other neurodegenerative diseases. Proteins with the greatest increased abundance include potentially novel neurodegeneration-related proteins and small ubiquitin-like modifier 1/2 (SUMO1/2). The FMRpolyG peptide, proposed in models of FXTAS pathogenesis but only identified in trace amounts in the earlier study of FXTAS inclusions, was not identified in any of the FXTAS or control brains in the current study.Discussion: The observed proteomic shifts, while generally relatively modest, do show a bias toward decreased protein abundance with FXTAS. Such shifts in protein abundance also suggest altered RNA binding as well as loss of cell–cell adhesion/structural integrity. Unlike other neurodegenerative diseases, the proteome of end-stage FXTAS does not suggest a strong inflammation-mediated degenerative response.
The Relationship Between Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Clinical Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Lian Teng-hong , Jin Zhao , Qu Yuan-zhen , Guo Peng , Guan Hui-ying , Zhang Wei-jiao , Ding Du-yu , Li Da-ning , Li Li-xia , Wang Xiao-min , Zhang Wei 
Published: January 2021

Background/Aim: Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (RT), which can reflect the status of the retinal optic nerve cells, may be affected in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are few studies on the correlation of RT of patients with AD (AD-RT) with clinical symptoms of various cognitive domains, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and activities of daily living (ADL). This study is to investigate the relationships between RT and the abovementioned clinical symptoms of AD.Methods: A total of 96 patients with AD were included in this study. RT was measured in these patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Demographic variables, RT, and clinical symptoms were compared between the normal and the abnormal AD-RT groups. Clinical symptoms, including cognitive symptoms, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and ADL, were evaluated using a series of rating scales.Results: The relationships between RT and cognitive symptoms scores were analyzed in patients with AD. Reduced RT was found in 54.4% of patients with AD. The average RT, RT of the superior 1/2 quadrant, and RT of the inferior 1/2 quadrant of both eyes were all significantly decreased in the abnormal AD-RT group (p &lt; 0.001). Overall cognitive function and performance in multiple cognitive domains, including memory, language, attention, and executive function, were also significantly impaired in the abnormal AD-RT group (p &lt; 0.05). For lower RT value, the global cognitive function and the performance in multiple cognitive domains were worse. ADL was significantly compromised in patients with AD having lower RT values (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: Lower RT value appear to be correlated with cognitive impairment, and RT may be an indicator of cognitive decline in patients with AD. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.
Outcomes of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer With Oligometastases, Oligoprogression, or Local Control of Dominant Tumors
Authors: Ji Xiaoqin , Zhao Yulu , Zhu Xixu , Shen Zetian , Li Aomei , Chen Cheng , Chu Xiaoyuan 
Published: January 2021

AimTo evaluate the clinical outcomes of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients with oligometastases, oligoprogression, or local control of dominant tumors after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and establish a nomogram model to predict the prognosis for these patients.Methods and MaterialsA cohort of 94 patients with 162 mCRC metastases was treated with SBRT at a single institution. Treatment indications were oligometastases, oligoprogression, and local control of dominant tumors. End points of this study were the outcome in terms of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), local progression (LP), and cumulative incidence of starting or changing systemic therapy (SCST). In addition, univariate and multivariable analyses to assess variable associations were performed. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomogram were determined by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve.ResultsMedian PFS were 12.6 months, 6.8 months, and 3.7 months for oligometastases, oligoprogression, and local control of dominant tumors, respectively. 0-1 performance status, &lt; 10 ug/L pre-SBRT CEA, and ≤ 2 metastases were significant predictors of higher PFS on multivariate analysis. Median OS were 40.0 months, 26.1 months, and 6.5 months for oligometastases, oligoprogression, and local control of dominant tumors, respectively. In the multivariate analysis of the cohort, the independent factors for survival were indication, performance status, pre-SBRT CEA, and PTV, all of which were selected into the nomogram. The calibration curve for probability of survival showed the good agreement between prediction by nomogram and actual observation. The C-index of the nomogram for predicting survival was 0.848.ConclusionsSBRT for metastases derived from colorectal cancer offered favorable survival and symptom palliation without significant complications. The proposed nomogram could provide individual prediction of OS for patients with mCRC after SBRT.
Risk of Hospitalization Associated with Cardiovascular Medications in the Elderly Italian Population: A Nationwide Multicenter Study in Emergency Departments
Authors: Crescioli Giada , Bettiol Alessandra , Bonaiuti Roberto , Tuccori Marco , Rossi Marco , Capuano Annalisa , Pagani Silvia , Spada Giulia , Venegoni Mauro , Vighi Giuseppe Danilo , Mannaioni Guido , Vannacci Alfredo , Lombardi Niccolò ,   MEREAFaPS Study group
Published: January 2021

Background: There is a significant gap in knowledge addressing cardiovascular (CV) medications safety in elderly. In this context, our purposes were to define clinical and pharmacological characteristics of outpatients’ adverse drug events (ADEs) related to CV medications leading to emergency department (ED) visits in the elderly Italian patients according to different age groups, and to evaluate the risk of hospitalization associated to ADEs in this population.Methods: A multicentre, retrospective study was performed on reports of suspected ADEs collected between 2007–2018 in 94 EDs involved in the MEREAFaPS Study. Elderly patients who experienced one or more CV medications-related ADEs leading to ED visit were selected. Patients’ characteristics, suspected (ATC classes B and C) and concomitant drugs, and ADE description were collected. Elderly patients were stratified into three age groups (65–74, 75–84, and ≥85 years) and compared to adults (18–64 years). Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the reporting odds ratios (RORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of ADE-related hospitalization adjusting for sex, presence of two or more suspected drugs, concomitant drugs, and one or more comorbidities.Results: Among elderly, 16,926 reports of suspected ADE related to CV medications were collected, and 6,694 (39.5%) resulted in hospitalization. Patients were mostly female, Caucasians, and middle-old (75–84). 78.9% of patients were treated with only one suspected drug, and 71.9% and 47.1% reported concomitant medications and comorbidities, respectively. Compared to adults, risk of hospitalization was significantly higher for middle-old and oldest-old patients exposed to vitamin K antagonists (1.29 [1.09–1.52] and 1.56 [1.30–187]), direct thrombin inhibitors (3.41 [1.44–8.08] and 4.12 [1.67–10.17]), antiplatelets (1.51 [1.26–1.81] and 2.09 [1.71–2.57]), and beta-blockers (1.89 [1.38–2.59 and 2.31 [1.60–3.35]). Overall, a higher risk of hospitalization was observed for renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (1.32 [1.04–1.68], 1.65 [1.32–2.06], and 2.20 [1.70–2.85]), presence of two or more concomitant drugs, and concomitant conditions.Conclusion: Our real-world findings underline relevant safety aspects of CV medications in the elderly Italian population. ED clinicians must always consider the higher risk of hospitalization related to the use of CV drugs in elderly, particularly in oldest-old ones, for antiarrhythmics, beta-blocking agents, renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, antiplatelets, and anticoagulants.
Tangshen Formula Attenuates Diabetic Kidney Injury by Imparting Anti-pyroptotic Effects via the TXNIP-NLRP3-GSDMD Axis
Authors: Li Nan , Zhao Tingting , Cao Yongtong , Zhang Haojun , Peng Liang , Wang Yan , Zhou Xuefeng , Wang Qian , Li Jialin , Yan Meihua , Dong Xi , Zhao Hailing , Li Ping 
Published: January 2021

We previously reported that Tangshen formula (TSF), a Chinese herbal medicine for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) therapy, imparts renal protective effects. However, the underlying mechanisms of these effects remain unclear. Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that can be triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome. Recently, the association between the pyroptosis of renal resident cells and DKD was established, but with limited evidence. This study aimed to investigate whether the renal protective effects of TSF are related to its anti-pyroptotic effect. DKD rats established by right uninephrectomy plus a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ and HK-2 cells stimulated by AGEs were used. In vivo, TSF reduced the 24 h urine protein (24 h UP) of DKD rats and alleviated renal pathological changes. Meanwhile, the increased expression of pyroptotic executor (GSDMD) and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway molecules (NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β) located in the tubules of DKD rats were downregulated with TSF treatment. In vitro, we confirmed the existence of pyroptosis in AGE-stimulated HK-2 cells and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. TSF reduced pyroptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a dosage-dependent manner. Then, we used nigericin to determine that TSF imparts anti-pyroptotic effects by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Finally, we found that TSF reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression in AGE-stimulated HK-2 cells. More importantly, TSF decreased the colocalization of TXNIP and NLRP3, indicating that ROS-TXNIP may be the target of TSF. In summary, the anti-pyroptotic effect via the TXNIP-NLRP3-GSDMD axis may be an important mechanism of TSF for DKD therapy.
Metformin: A Novel Weapon Against Inflammation
Authors: Bai Bo , Chen Haibo 
Published: January 2021

It has become widely accepted that inflammation is a driving force behind a variety of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. However, the existing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs show a limited utility in clinical patients. Therefore, the novel agents with different inflammation-inhibitory mechanisms are worth pursuing. Metformin, a synthetic derivative of guanidine, has a history of more than 50 years of clinical experience in treating patients with type 2 diabetes. Intense research efforts have been dedicated to proving metformin’s inflammation-inhibitory effects in cells, animal models, patient records, and randomized clinical trials. The emerging evidence also indicates its therapeutic potential in clinical domains other than type 2 diabetes. Herein, this article appraises current pre-clinical and clinical findings, emphasizing metformin’s anti-inflammatory properties under individual pathophysiological scenarios. In summary, the anti-inflammatory effects of metformin are evident in pre-clinical models. By comparison, there are still clinical perplexities to be addressed in repurposing metformin to inflammation-driven chronic diseases. Future randomized controlled trials, incorporating better stratification/targeting, would establish metformin’s utility in this clinical setting.
The Effect Of Transformational Leadership Style, Transactional Leadership And Charismatic Leadership On Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Ocb) with Working Culture as an Intervening Variable
Authors: Nugraha Andika Prasetya 
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of transformational leadership style and transactional leadership style on extra-role behavior or often called Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the Regional Government Secretariat of Karimun Regency. Extra role behavior performed by civil servants cannot be separated from the patterns and abilities of each employee's character. This character can be called the work culture of each of these employees. Are the two leadership styles namely the Transformational leadership style, Transactional leadership and Charismatic leadership can increase extra-role behavior or often called Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) where work culture is an intervening variable. This research was conducted at the Secretariat of the Regional Government of Karimun Regency, Riau Islands. The population in this study was 50 employees. By using the census method where the number of research samples will be taken as a whole from members of the population. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
Caracterización de material y determinación de propiedades de fractura de un acero TWIP
Authors: Bordone Matías , Perez-Ipiña Juan , Monsalve Alberto 
Published: January 2021

Los aceros TWIP, Twinning-Induced Plasticity (plasticidad inducida por maclado) están incluidos en el grupo de los denominados segunda generación de aceros avanzados de alta resistencia. Son aceros con alto contenido de manga- neso (20% en peso aproximadamente) y totalmente austeníticos a temperatura ambiente. Tienen, a priori, un elevado potencial de aplicación por la particularidad de presentar una excelente combinación de resistencia y ductilidad, a la que se suma su gran capacidad de deformación ante esfuerzos de impacto entre otras cualidades sobresalientes. Los principales tópicos contemplados en las investigaciones llevadas a cabo en los aceros TWIP corresponden al estudio de las propiedades mecánicas tradicionales y la correlación entre éstas y la microestructura. Existen estudios acerca de conformabilidad, soldabilidad y fatiga por citar algunos más particulares. El presente trabajo se enfoca en una ca- racterización mecánica-metalúrgica de un acero de composición base y la determinación de las propiedades a fractura, aspecto del que no se dispone de mucha información en la literatura.
Palabras Clave: TWIP; Plasticidad inducida por trenza; Tenacidad a fractura; Curva J-R; JIc.
National Identity and Social Welfare: the Example of the German Minority in Opolskie Voivodeship
Authors: Lemańczyk Magdalena , Baranowski Mariusz 
Published: January 2021

This article aims to characterise the positive and negative aspects of being a national minority, using the example of the German minority in the Opolskie Voivodeship and the category of social welfare in the sociological sense. In order to conceptualise and operationalise the idea of national identity, attention has been focused mainly on its cultural determinants, with particular emphasis on the role of language and organisational activity. The empirical exploration of the research questions was based on surveys, carried out by the authors of the article on behalf of the Social-Cultural Society of Germans in Opole Silesia (SCSG) in the summer of 2019, among members of the German minority organisation. [1] The research was carried out in the period from June to August 2019 as part of the SCSG's campaign entitled “The German minority has a value”, financed by the Polish Ministry of Interior and Administration.
HUBUNGAN PEKERJAAN IBU DAN PRAKTIK ASI EKSLUSIF DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN
Authors: DJOGO HERLIANA MONIKA AZI 
Published: January 2021

Status gizi masyarakat merupakan cerminan utama dari pembangunan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan suatu negara.Salah satu indikator untuk mengukur kemajuan Program Indonesia Sehat adalah prevalensi stunting pada anak balita. Provinsi NTT, khususnya Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan merupakan satu-satunya provinsi dan Kabupaten di Indonesia yang melaporkan kejadian stunting tertinggi dari skala nasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pekerjaan ibu dan praktik ASI Ekslusif dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Kabupaten TTS. Desain penelitian ini adalah Cross-sectional analytic. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu dan balita usia 12-60 bulan di Kabupaten TTS. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini 286 ibu dan balita. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan pengukuran antropometri (tinggi badan dan berat badan) menurut standar WHO. Data yang dikumpulkan di analisis menggunakan analisis bivariat (uji chi square). Hasil penelitian didapatkan 26,6 % mengalami stunting dan 73.4 % balita tidak mengalami stunting, sedangkan 81.5% ibu tidak memiliki pekerjaan dan terdapat 68.2% ibu tidak memberikan ASI ekslusif. Hasil uji Chi- Square ditemukan tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pekerjaan ibu dengan stunting dengan p- value 0.159 dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian ASI ekslusif dengan kejadian stunting dengan p-value 0.000.
PENGARUH VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN CERITA DAN LAGU TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA ANAK
Authors: Putri Winda Dwi , Fitria Nila 
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh video pembelajaran cerita dan lagu terhadap kemampuan berbicara anak usia 4-5 tahun di PAUD Harmoni. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian <em>true experimental</em> (eksperimen yang betul-betul) dengan teknik <em>Postest Only Control Design. </em>Sampel penelitian yaitu anak usia 4-5 tahun dengan jumlah 30 orang yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelas terdiri dari 15 anak sebagai kelompok eksperimen (video) dan 15 anak sebagai kelompok kontrol (buku cerita). Indikator kemampuan berbicara yang digunakan adalah kemampuan mengulang kembali kalimat sederhana, menjawab pertanyaan sesuai pertanyaan, dan menceritakan kembali cerita atau dongeng yang pernah didengar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes lisan yang digunakan untuk melakukan penilaian posttest antara kelas kontrol (buku cerita) dan kelas eksperimen (video) dan dokumentasi.Hasil analisis data posttest pada nilai rata-rata (<em>mean</em>) kelas eksperimen (video) lebih besar dibandingkan kelas kontrol (buku cerita), yaitu sebesar 30.2667 untuk kelas eksperimen (video) dan 22.0667 untuk kelas kontrol (buku cerita). Jika dilihat dari standar deviasinya kelas eksperimen (video) lebih besar dibandingkan kelas kontrol (buku cerita) yaitu 3.12745 untuk kelas eksperimen (video) dan 2.34419 untuk kelas kontrol (buku cerita). Hal ini juga ditunjukkan dengan hasil uji <em>Independent Sample T-test </em>pada bagian <em>equal variances assumed</em> diketahui nilai <em>Sig. (2-tailed)</em> sebesar 0.000, menunjukkan bahwa 0.000 &lt; 0.05 maka H0 ditolak, artinya ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai belajar kelas control (buku cerita) dan kelas eksperimen (video). Kesimpulannya adalah terdapat pengaruh penggunaan video pembelajaran cerita dan lagu yang dilihat dari perbedaan nilai rata-rata kelas yang diberi video pembelajaran cerita dan lagu <em>(treatment) </em>dengan kelas yang tidak diberi perlakuan <em>(control)</em>.
METAPHOR ON JAPANESE SONG LYRIC BY MIWA: A STYLISTIC STUDY
Authors: Jama'an Fairuz , Firza Firza 
Published: January 2021

The uniqueness of literary language is full of ambiguity, having no rule, sometimes irrational, and connotative. Figurative language is not only referential that refers to certain thing but it has also expressive function that shows the author behavior. Various kinds of technique had been created by the author; he used figurative languages, imageries, and certain diction to attract the readers. Stylistic is a science that study the use of language and language style in literary work including sound, diction, sentence, discourse, figurative language, and imageries. This research aims to unveil figurative languages used in Japanese song lyric written by Miwa entitled, Kimi ni Deaeta Kara, and to observe the objective of using connotative language as expression of the author to express his ideas. This research used was stylistic theory to analyze figure of speech and its meaning. The result found that the use of metaphor to express something as the same thing or equal too another thing that is actually not the same. Metaphor gives freshness in language, animates the lifeless, keeps away the boredom because of monotone, and actualizes something. Based on the result of the analysis, the song written has a theme of love; a lot of dictions symbolize love. Figure of speech used by the author adds aesthetic value of the song lyric and the message of the author is well delivered.