bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crossbar-Compatible Stateful Logic Using Phase Change Memory
Authors: Hoffer Barak , Wainstein Nicolás , Neumann Christopher M. , Pop Eric , Yalon Eilam , Kvatinsky Shahar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Stateful logic is a digital processing-in-memory technique that could address von Neumann memory bottleneck challenges while maintaining backward compatibility with von Neumann architectures.
In stateful logic, memory cells are used to perform the logic operations without reading or moving any data outside the memory array.
This has been previously demonstrated using several resistive memory types, but not with commercially available phase-change memory (PCM). Here we present the first implementation of stateful logic using PCM. We experimentally demonstrate four logic gate types (NOR, IMPLY, OR, NIMP) using commonly used PCM materials and crossbar-compatible structures. Our stateful logic gates form a functionally complete set, which enables sequential execution of any logic function within the memory and paves the way to PCM-based digital processing-in-memory systems.
A Laparoscopic Radical Inguinal Lymphadenectomy Approach Partly Preserving Great Saphenous Vein Branches Can Benefit for Patients with Penile Carcinoma
Authors: Ma Yongkang , Hao Weijian , Yin Huaqi , Zhu Mingkai , Guan Bao , Zhu Chaoshuai , Dong Bingqi , Zhao Shiming , He Zhaohong , Yang Tiejun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Inguinal lymphadenectomy (iLAD) is effective for penile carcinoma treatment, but usually results in many complications. This study aims to clinically evaluate the feasibility and clinical significance of a laparoscopic radical iLAD approach partly preserving great saphenous vein branches for penile carcinoma patients. Methods: A total of 48 patients with penile cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical iLAD with retention of the great saphenous vein in Henan Cancer Hospital from 2012 Jan to 2020 Dec was included in this study. Sixteen penile carcinoma patients who underwent laparoscopic radical iLAD preserving parts of superficial branches of the great saphenous vein were identified as the sparing group, and the matched 32 patients who incised those branches were identified as control group. This new procedure was performed by laparoscopy, preserving parts of superficial branches of the great saphenous vein, superficial lateral and medial femoral veins. Clinicopathological features and perioperative variables were recorded. Postoperative complications, including skin flap necrosis, lymphorrhagia, and lower extremity edema were analyzed retrospectively. Results: We found that the operative time of the sparing group is significantly longer than the control group (p = 0.011). There was no statistical difference in intraoperative blood loss, the lymph node number per side, average time to remove the drainage tube and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups. Compared to the control group, the sparing group showed a significantly decreased incidence of lower extremity edema (p = 0.018). The preservation of parts of superficial branches of the great saphenous vein was mainly decreased the incidence of edema below ankle (p = 0.034). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the iLAD with preserving parts of superficial branches of the great saphenous vein, with a decreased incidence of postoperative complications, is a safe and feasible approach for penile cancer.
Does Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Increase Venous Thromboembolism Risk Compared to Knee Meniscectomy Under Arthroscopy?
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Pang Long , Li Hui , Tang Xin , Zhu Jing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: This study compared the incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) between meniscectomy and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) under arthroscopy and determined whether ACLR increases the VTE risk compared to meniscectomy.Methods: A retrospective study including 468 patients, ranging in age from 18 to 70 years, was divided into an ACLR group and a meniscectomy group according to the intervention procedures.All patients routinely received VTE screening by venous ultrasonography in postoperative week 2 and then clinical follow-up at 4 and 6 weeks post surgery. The incidence of VTE was calculated and clinical factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, concomitant procedure, Caprini score, and duration of tourniquet were evaluated in relation to the risk factors for VTE.Results: A total of 341 patients who underwent arthroscopic ACLR or meniscectomy were available for analysis. Of these, 130 (38.1%) received ACLR, and 211 (61.9%) received meniscectomy. There was no pulmonary embolism (PE) or femoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) reported in either group. Fourteen patients (10.8%) developed VTE in the ACL group compared to 17 (8.1%) in the meniscectomy group, with no significant difference (P=0.397). Among these patients, 4 (3.1%) patients in the ACL reconstruction group and 3 (1.4%) patients in the meniscectomy group had DVT confirmed by ultrasound Doppler (P >0.05). Age was shown to be the only independent risk factor for the development of VTE postoperatively (p=0.027). ACLR had a tendency (OR=3.129) to increase the risk of VTE but failed to reach statistical significance (p = 0.052). ACLR had a tendency (OR=3.129) to increase the risk of VTE but failed to reach statistical significance (p = 0.052).Conclusion: The incidence of VTE after ACLR and meniscectomy within 6 weeks post surgery was 10.8% and 8.1%, respectively. Age was the only independent risk factor for the development of VTE postoperatively.
Estimating relative abundance of two SARS-CoV-2 variants through wastewater surveillance at two large metropolitan sites
Authors: Yu Alexander , Hughes Bridgette , Wolfe Marlene , Leon Tomas , Duong Dorothea , Rabe Angela , Kennedy Lauren , Ravuri Sindhu , White Bradley , Wigginton Krista Rule , Boehm Alexandria , Vugia Duc 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) is critical for public health management of COVID-19. Case isolate sequencing is resource-intensive and not all isolates can be sequenced, and thus are not representative. However, since wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations correlate with COVID-19 case incidence in sewersheds, tracking VOCs through wastewater is appealing. We developed targeted digital RT-PCR assays to monitor abundance of select mutations in Alpha and Delta VOCs in wastewater settled solids, applied these to July 2020-August 2021 samples from two large metropolitan sewersheds, and compared results to estimates of variant abundance from case isolate sequencing. Wastewater measurements tracked closely with case isolate estimates at each site (rp= 0.82, 0.88 for Alpha and rp= 0.97 for Delta). Mutations were detected in wastewater measurements even at levels <5% of circulating virus and in samples available weeks before case isolate results. Therefore, wastewater variant monitoring should be strategically deployed to complement case isolate sequencing.
Consideration and analysis for attachment position of supernumerary robotic limbs
Authors: liao ziyu , baichen  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The supernumerary robotic limbs(SRLs) is a new type of wearable robot that assists the operator with additional robotic limbs and allows the operator to perform multiple tasks simultaneously. Due to the SRLs having various combinations of robotic limb and attachment positions, and there is an insufficient discussion on the influence of different wear positions on the SRLs. Therefore, this paper improved the evaluation indexes from previous studies and presents an experimental evaluation of the performance of indexes between humans and SRLs. This paper analyzed the 5 different positions based on the improved evaluation indexes, 2 optimal positions are found with the simulation experiment. Then the two design factors to improve the performance of evaluation indexes are discussed. The evaluation indexes can be utilized as a design parameter for evaluating human-robot interactions of SRLs.
Change point detection for clustered expression data
Authors: Sieg Miriam , Sciesielski Lina Katrin , Kirschner Karin Michaela , Kruppa Jochen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: To detect changes in biological processes samples are oftenmeasured at several time points. We observe expression data measured atdifferent developmental stages, or more broadly, historical data. Hence, the mainassumption of our proposed methodology is the independence between theobserved samples over time. In addition, the observations are clustered at eachpoint in time. The clustering is caused by measuring litter mates from relativelyfew mother mice at each development stage. The examination is lethal.Therefore, we have an independent data structure over the entire history, but adependent data structure at a particular point in time. Over the course of thehistorical data, we want to identify abrupt changes in the outcome - a changepoint. Results: In this paper, we demonstrate the application of generalized hypothesistesting using a linear mixed effects model as one possible method for detectingchange points. The coefficients from the linear mixed model are used in multiplecontrast tests. The effect estimates are then visualized with simultaneousconfidence intervals. The figure of the confidence intervals can be used for thedetermination of the change point. Multiple contrast tests depend on the choiceof the used contrast. A variety of possible usable contrasts exists. In smallsimulation studies, we model different courses with abrupt changes and illustratedifferent contrasts. We found two contrasts, both capable of answering differentresearch questions in change point detection. Sequen contrast to detectindividual points of change or McDermott contrast to illustrate overallprogression. In addition, we show the application on a clinical pilot study. Conclusion: Simultaneous confidence intervals estimated by multiple contrasttests using the model fit from a linear mixed model are usable to determinepossible change points in clustered expression data. The confidence intervalsdeliver direct interpretable effect estimates on the scale of the outcome for thestrength of the potential change point. Hence, scientists can define biologicallyrelevant limits of change depending on the research question. We found tworarely used contrast with the best properties to detect a possible change: theSequen and McDermott contrast. We provide R code for the direct applicationwith examples
Stool and ruminal microbiome components associated with methane emission and feed efficiency in Nelore beef cattle.
Authors: Andrade Bruno G.N. , Afli Haithem , Bressani Flavia A. , Cuadrat Rafael R. C. , de Oliveira Priscila S. N. , Mourão Gerson B. , Coutinho Luiz L. , Reecy James M. , Koltes James E. , de Souza Marcela Maria , Neto Adhemar Zerlotini , de Medeiros Sérgio Raposo , Berndt Alexandre , Palhares Julio C. P. , Regitano Luciana C. A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The impact of extreme changes in weather patterns in the economy and human welfare are some of the biggest challenges that our civilization is facing. From the anthropogenic activities that contribute to climate change, reducing the impact of farming activities is a priority, since it is responsible for up to 18% of greenhouse gases linked to such activities. To this end, we tested if the ruminal and fecal microbiome components of 52 Brazilian Nelore bulls, belonging to two treatment groups based on the feed intervention, conventional and by-products based diet, could be used in the future as biomarkers for methane emission and feed efficiency in bovine.Results: We identified a total of 5,693 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) in the Nelore bulls microbiomes. Differential abundance (DA) analysis with the ANCOM approach identified 30 bacterial and 15 archaea ASVs as DA among treatment groups. Association analysis using Maaslin2 and Mixed Linear Models indicated that bacterial ASVs are linked to the residual methane emission (RCH4) and Residual Feed Intake (RFI) phenotypes, contributing to the host’s phenotypic variation, suggesting their potential as targets for interventions and/or biomarkers.Conclusion: Feed composition induced significant differences in abundance and richness of ruminal and fecal microbial populations. The diet based on industrial byproducts applied to our treatment groups influenced the microbiome diversity of bacteria and archaea, but not of protozoa. Different ASVs were associated with RCH4 emission and RFI in both ruminal and fecal microbiomes. While ruminal ASVs are expected to directly influence RCH4 emission and RFI, the relation of fecal taxa, such as Alistipes and Rikenellaceae (gut group RC9), with these traits might also be associated with host health due to their link to anti-inflammatory compounds, and these have the potential to be used as accessible biomarkers for these complex phenotypes.
Swab test in biological fluids as predictor of COVID-19 transmission risk during surgery: A prospective cross-sectional study from an Italian COVID center
Authors: Fabbri Nicolò , Pesce Antonio , Ussia Alessandro , D’Urbano Francesco , Pizzicotti Stefano , Greco Salvatore , Feo Carlo V. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background. The contamination of body fluids by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 during surgery is current matter of debate in the scientific literature concerning CoronaVIrus Disease 2019. Surgical guidelines were published during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and recommended to avoid laparoscopic surgery as much as possible, in fear that the chimney effect of high flow intraperitoneal gas escape during, and after, the procedure would increase the risk of viral transmission.Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission during surgery by searching for viral RNA in serial samplings of biological liquids.Methods. This is a single center prospective cross-sectional study. We used a real-time reverse transcriptase (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test to perform swab tests for the qualitative detection of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 in abdominal fluids, during emergency surgery and on the first post-operative day. In the case of thoracic surgery, we performed a swab test of pleural fluids during chest drainage placement as well as on the first post-operative day. Results. A total of 20 samples were obtained: 5 from pleural fluids, 13 from peritoneal fluids and two from biliary fluid. All 20 swabs performed from biological fluids resulted negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection.Conclusion. To date, there is no scientific evidence of possible contagion by laparoscopic aerosolization of SARS-CoV-2, neither is certain whether the virus is effectively present in biological fluids.
Conceptual Robot Design For The Automated Layout of Building Structures By Integrating QFD And TRIZ
Authors: Kim Taehoon , Lim Hyunsu , Cho Kyuman 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
According to the increase in building size and lack of skilled laborers, layout operation has high demands on automation for productivity and quality improvement. With such a background, research has been recently undertaken to develop an automated layout system based on marking robots for structural work in Korea. Although there are several robot-based automation systems under development targeted at interior works, the system for structural work has different functional needs and technical requirements in designing the robots compared with the existing ones. Therefore, this study proposes a conceptual robot design for an automated layout of building structures, based on a systematic design process, by integrating quality function deployment (QFD) and the theory of creative problem solving (TRIZ). With the support of the approach, 11 user requirements and 16 relevant technical characteristics were derived and prioritized, and 15 creative ideas were derived to solve the technical contradictions. The selected design solution improves driving speed by separating driving and marking operations, and the two-wheeled steering drive system with a suspension device allows easier driving control in a narrow and uneven driving environment. The noncontact type of printer head also minimizes the complexity of the device and provides excellent performance in securing marking precision and quality in response to floor conditions. The results of this study will be used for the detailed design of the layout robot system, and the design process can be utilized for designing and evaluating other construction robots and automation systems.
Green Roof Hydrological Modelling With GRU And LSTM Networks
Authors: Xie Haowen , Mark Randall , Chau Kwok-wing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Green Roofs (GRs) are becoming more popular as a low-impact building option. They have the potential to minimize peak stormwater runoff while also increasing the quality of runoff from buildings. Improvement of hydrological models for the simulation of GRs will aid design of individual roofs as well as city scale planning that relies on the predicted impacts of widespread GR implementation. Machine learning (ML) has exploded in popularity in recent years, owing to considerable increases in processing power and data availability. However, there are no studies focusing on the use of ML in hydrological simulation of GRs. We focus on two types of ML-based model: long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) in modelling hydrological performance of GRs, with sequence input and a single output (SISO), and synced sequence input and output (SSIO) architectures. According to the results of this paper, LSTM and GRU are useful tools for the modelling of GRs. As the time window length (memory length, time step length of input data) increases, SISO appears to have a higher overall forecast accuracy. SSIO delivers the best overall performance, when the SSIO is close to, or even exceeds, the maximum window size.
Study On Multiscale-Multivariate Attribution Analysis and Prediction of Urban Rainstorm Flood
Authors: Zhang Jinping , Wang Yuhao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In order to explore the impact of the changing environment on urban rainstorm flood, and reveal the relationship between flood volume and its influencing factors at the micro level, the rainfall and flood volume are decomposed by the wavelet analysis method to perform the multiscale attribution analysis. Then the multiscale-multivariate prediction model of urban rainstorm flood is constructed in the Jialu River Basin in Zhengzhou city of China. The results show that the main influencing factors of flood volume are rainfall and underlying surface, where the latter causes the mutation of flood volume in 1994 and 2005. At the micro level, there is a constant linear relationship between rainfall and flood volume in d1, d2 and d3, while the impact of underlying surface on flood volume is mainly reflected in a3. The multiscale-multivariate prediction model has a good simulation effect on the flood volume of the first 45 rainstorm floods, NSE, R2 and Re are 0.966, 0.964 and 10.80%, respectively. Moreover, the model also has a good prediction effect, and the relative errors between the predicted and observed flood volume of 46th~50th rainstorm floods are all less than 20%.
Influence of Model Free Methods on Pyrolysis Kinetics and Thermodynamic Parameters of Soybean Straw
Authors: Jagtap Abolee , Kalbande S. R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Thermochemical conversion of surplus agro-residue for energy generation has gained renewed attention, due to its abundant availability throughout the world. Although, it still needs the thermodynamic and pyrolysis kinetic background, that play important role for the effectual design of thermo-chemical conversion reactors such as pyrolyzers, gasifiers, etc. In the present study, thermal profile (mass loss vs. temp) for soybean straw was examined at 20, 30, 40 oC/min heating rates under a non-isothermal condition in an oxygen limiting environment through a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The pyrolysis kinetic parameters (activation energy and pre-exponential factor) were evaluated by applying iso-conversional model-free methods such as Flynn–Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Starink. The average values of activation energy for KAS, FWO and Starink models were recorded to be around 150, 155 and 147 kJ/mol, respectively. Thermodynamic variables (change of enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy) for soybean straw were also computed. The average value of enthalpy for FWO, KAS, Starink were recorded to be 151, 147, and 142 kJ/mol, respectively. The obtained simulation findings of pyrolysis kinetic and thermodynamic variables are in good agreement.
The Effects of the MTHFR 677C&gt;T (rs1801133) Genetic Variant on Susceptibility and Disability in Multiple Sclerosis Patients are Mediated by Homocysteine but not Folate Levels
Authors: Ribeiro Claudia Mara , Oliveira Sayonara Rangel , Flauzino Tamires , Alfieri Daniela Frizon , Simão Andrea Name Colado , Lozovoy Marcell Alysson Batisti , Maes Michael , Reiche Edna Maria Vissoci 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We investigated whether the MTHFR 677C>T (rs1801133) variant and plasma homocysteine and folate are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), disability, disability progression, and inflammatory biomarkers. We included 163 MS patients categorized using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) as mild (EDSS<3) and moderate/high (EDSS≥3) disability, and 226 healthy controls. Disability progression was evaluated using Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS) and the MTHFR 677C>T was genotyped using real time polymerase chain reaction. The levels of some inflammatory biomarkers and inflammatory activity index (IAI) were determined. There was no association between the MTHFR 677 C>T genotypes and MS, EDSS, and MSSS (p>0.05). Plasma folate and homocysteine were higher and adiponectin was lower in MS patients than controls (p<0.001). Moreover, 21.8% of the EDSS variance was explained by age, IAI and C-reactive protein (CRP) (all positively associated); 10.9% of the MSSS variance was predicted by IAI and CRP (both positively) and vitamin D3 (negatively), whereas 54.4% of the MS-EDSS-MSSS score was explained by the regression on age, IAI, homocysteine, folate, and CRP (all positively) and adiponectin, body mass index, and vitamin D3 (all negatively), female sex and the MTHFR 677 TT genotype. In patients and controls, 16.6% of the variance in the homocysteine was explained by the MTHFR 677 TT genotype and age (both positively), folate (negatively) and male sex. In conclusion, the MTHFR 677C>T variant was not directly associated with MS, disability, and disability progression; however, the TT genotype showed indirect effects on MS susceptibility and disability mediated by homocysteine.