bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients With Cancer: A Closer Look at Pre-Emptive Routine Screening Strategies
Authors: Xie Zhuoer , Saliba Antoine N. , Abeykoon Jithma , Majeed Umair , Almquist Daniel R. , Wiedmeier-Nutor Julia E. , Bezerra Evandro , Andrade-Gonzalez Xavier , Hickman Ashley , Sorenson Karl , Rakshit Sagar , Wee Christopher , Tella Sri Harsha , Kommalapati Anuhya , Abdallah Nadine , Pritchett Joshua , De Andrade Mariza , Uprety Dipesh , Badley Andrew , Manochakian Rami , Ailawadhi Sikander , Bryce Alan H. , Hubbard Joleen M. , Gangat Naseema , Thompson Carrie A. , Witzig Thomas E. , McWilliams Robert R. , Leventakos Konstantinos , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R. 
Published: June 2021

PURPOSE: The benefit of routine pre-emptive screening for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections in patients with cancer before cancer-directed therapies is unclear. Herein, we characterize the outcomes of a cohort of patients with cancer who were diagnosed with COVID-19 by routine screening (RS) in comparison with those diagnosed on the basis of clinical suspicion or exposure history (nonroutine screening [NRS]). METHODS: A multisite prospective observational study was conducted at three major and five satellite campuses of the Mayo Clinic Cancer Center between March 18 and July 31, 2020. The primary outcome was COVID-19–related hospital admission. Secondary outcomes included intensive care unit admissions and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: Five thousand four hundred fifty-two patients underwent RS in the outpatient setting only, and 44 (0.81%) were diagnosed with COVID-19. RS detected 19 additional patients from the scheduled inpatient admissions for surgical or interventional procedures or inpatient chemotherapy. One hundred sixty-one patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 on the basis of NRS. COVID-19–related hospitalization rate (17.5% v 26.7%; P = .14), intensive care unit admission (1.6% v 5.6%; P = .19), and mortality (4.8% v 3.7%; P = .72) were not significantly different between the RS and NRS groups. In the multivariable analysis, age ≥ 60 years (odds ratio, 4.4; P = .023) and an absolute lymphocyte count ≤ 1.4 × 109/L (odds ratio, 9.2; P = .002) were independent predictors of COVID-19–related hospital admission. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 positivity rate was low on the basis of RS. Comparing the hospital admission and mortality outcomes with the NRS cohort, there were no significant differences. The value of routine pre-emptive screening of asymptomatic patients with cancer for COVID-19 remains low.
New Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Fibrosis Progression Associate With the Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Zuo Guangmin , Xuan Liping , Xin Zhuojun , Xu Yu , Lu Jieli , Chen Yuhong , Dai Meng , Zhang Di , Wang Weiqing , Li Mian , Bi Yufang , Ning Guang , Xu Min 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Context
Little is known about the link between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evolution and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Objective
We aim to assess the associations of NALFD status changes and NAFLD fibrosis progression with the risk of incident CKD.

Methods
We conducted a community-based prospective study that included participants aged 40 years or older and free of CKD at baseline in 2010, with follow-up evaluations after a mean of 4.4 years. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) was used to evaluate fibrosis stage and progression. CKD was defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate or urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio. All the measurements were performed at baseline and follow-up examination.

Results
Among 4042 participants with 4 NAFLD status change groups, incident NAFLD was associated with an increased risk of incident CKD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.003-2.06; P = 0.048) compared with non-NAFLD after adjustments for the confounders, including evolution of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, in addition to the baseline levels. However, the risk of incident CKD was not significantly different between NAFLD resolution and persistent NAFLD. Among 534 participants in the persistent NAFLD group, fibrosis progression from low NFS to intermediate or high NFS was associated with a significantly increased risk of incident CKD compared with stable fibrosis in low NFS (OR = 2.82; 95% CI, 1.22-6.56; P = 0.016).

Conclusion
NAFLD development and fibrosis progression are associated with increased risk of incident CKD.
Glucose-lowering Drugs and Hospitalization for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Additive-effects Network Meta-analysis With More Than 500 000 Patient-years
Authors: Cintra Riobaldo M , Nogueira Ana Claudia , Bonilha Isabella , Luchiari Beatriz M , Coelho-Filho Otavio R , Coelho Otavio R , Schwartzmann Pedro , Muscellie Elza , Nadruz Wilson , Carvalho Luiz Sergio F , Sposito Andrei C 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundSodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) prevent hospitalization resulting from heart failure (HHF). However, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus use multiple antihyperglycemic drugs to achieve glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) targets. In these drug combinations, the risk of HHF is unpredictable and so is the parallel effect of glucose-lowering.PurposeTo examine the impact of antihyperglycemic drugs and their association on HHF.Data SourcesForty randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting HHF.Study SelectionPublished RCTs were the data source.Data ExtractionIncidence rates of HHF.Data SynthesisRandom additive-effects network meta-analysis showed that metformin (P = 0.55), sulfonylureas (P = 0.51), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor-agonist (P = 0.16), and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4is; P = 0.54) were neutral on the risk of HHF. SGLT2is and SGLT2is + DPP4is reduced the risk of HHF with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.68 (95% CI, 0.60-0.76; P &lt; 0.0001) and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.60-0.81; P &lt; 0.0001), respectively. Increased risk of HHF was associated with thiazolidinediones (TZDs) as monotherapy or in combination with DPP4is (HR: 1.45; 95% CI, 1.18-1.78; P = 0.0004) and 1.49 (95% CI, 1.18-1.88; P = 0.0008), respectively. Regardless of the therapy, a 1% reduction in HbA1c reduced the risk of HHF by 31.3% (95% CI, 9-48; P = 0.009).LimitationsThere are no data to verify drug combinations available for clinical use and to discriminate the effect of drugs within each of the therapeutic classes.ConclusionsThe risk of HHF is reduced by SGLT2is as monotherapy or in combination with DPP4is and increased by TZDs as monotherapy or in combination. Glucose-lowering provides an additive effect of reducing HHF.
Exocrine pancreas proteases regulate β-cell proliferation in zebrafish ciliopathy models and in murine systems
Authors: Hostelley Timothy L. , Nesmith Jessica E. , Larkin Emily , Jones Amanda , Boyes Daniel , Leitch Carmen C. , Fontaine Magali , Zaghloul Norann A. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Pancreatic β-cells are a critical cell type in the pathology of diabetes. Models of genetic syndromes featuring diabetes can provide novel mechanistic insights into regulation of β-cells in the context of disease. We previously examined β-cell mass in models of two ciliopathies, Alström Syndrome (AS) and Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS), which are similar in the presence of metabolic phenotypes, including obesity, but exhibit strikingly different rates of diabetes. Zebrafish models of these disorders show deficient β-cells with diabetes in AS models and an increased β-cells absent diabetes in BBS models, indicating β-cell generation or maintenance that correlates with disease prevalence. Using transcriptome analyses, differential expression of several exocrine pancreas proteases with directionality that was consistent with β-cell numbers were identified. Based on these lines of evidence, we hypothesized that pancreatic proteases directly impact β-cells. In the present study, we examined this possibility and found that pancreatic protease genes contribute to proper maintenance of normal β-cell numbers, proliferation in larval zebrafish, and regulation of AS and BBS β-cell phenotypes. Our data suggest that these proteins can be taken up directly by cultured β-cells and ex vivo murine islets, inducing proliferation in both. Endogenous uptake of pancreatic proteases by β-cells was confirmed in vivo using transgenic zebrafish and in intact murine pancreata. Taken together, these findings support a novel proliferative signaling role for exocrine pancreas proteases through interaction with endocrine β-cells.
Morphological mechanism allowing a parasitic leech, Ozobranchus jantseanus (Rhynchobdellida: Ozobranchidae), to survive in ultra-low temperatures
Authors: Gu Shengli , Liu Jianjun , Xiong Lei , Dong Jinxiu , Sun Entao , Hu Haoran , Yang Mengli , Nie Liuwang 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Ozobranchus jantseanus is the largest metazoan known to survive in liquid nitrogen without pretreatment to date; however, the mechanism underlying this tolerance remains unclear. In this study, the first analyses of histological and morphological changes in normal, frozen, and dehydrated states were performed. Adults survived after direct placement in liquid nitrogen for 96 h, with a survival rate of approximately 86.7%. The leech could withstand rapid desiccation and its survival rate after rehydration was 100% when its water loss was below about 84.8%. After freezing, desiccation, and ethanol dehydration, the leech immediately formed a hemispherical shape. Particularly during drying, an obvious transparent glass-like substance was observed on surface. Scanning electron microscopy revealed many pores on the surface of the posterior sucker, creating a sponge-like structure, which may help to rapidly expel water, and a hemispherical shape may protect the internal organs by contraction and folding reconstruction in the anterior–posterior direction. A substantial amount of mucopolysaccharides on the surface and acid cells and collagen fibers in the body, all of which contained substantial polysaccharides, may play a key protective role during freezing. Our results indicate that the resistance of leeches to ultra-low temperatures can be explained by cryoprotective dehydration/vitrification strategies.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Differential gene regulation in DAPT-treated Hydra reveals candidate direct Notch signalling targets
Authors: Moneer Jasmin , Siebert Stefan , Krebs Stefan , Cazet Jack , Prexl Andrea , Pan Qin , Juliano Celina , Böttger Angelika 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
In Hydra, Notch inhibition causes defects in head patterning and prevents differentiation of proliferating nematocyte progenitor cells into mature nematocytes. To understand the molecular mechanisms by which the Notch pathway regulates these processes, we performed RNA-seq and identified genes that are differentially regulated in response to 48 h of treating the animals with the Notch inhibitor DAPT. To identify candidate direct regulators of Notch signalling, we profiled gene expression changes that occur during subsequent restoration of Notch activity and performed promoter analyses to identify RBPJ transcription factor-binding sites in the regulatory regions of Notch-responsive genes. Interrogating the available single-cell sequencing data set revealed the gene expression patterns of Notch-regulated Hydra genes. Through these analyses, a comprehensive picture of the molecular pathways regulated by Notch signalling in head patterning and in interstitial cell differentiation in Hydra emerged. As prime candidates for direct Notch target genes, in addition to Hydra (Hy)Hes, we suggest Sp5 and HyAlx. They rapidly recovered their expression levels after DAPT removal and possess Notch-responsive RBPJ transcription factor-binding sites in their regulatory regions.
Decaffeinated light-roasted green coffee and green tea extract combination improved metabolic parameters and modulated inflammatory genes in metabolic syndrome rats
Authors: Saifur Rohman Mohammad , Lukitasari Mifetika , Nugroho Dwi Adi , Ramadhiani Risa , Widodo Nashi , Kusumastuty Inggita , Nugrahini Nur Ida Panca 
Published: June 2021

Background: Individually, green tea and green coffee have been extensively studied for mitigation of metabolic syndrome (MS) in both rats and humans; however, their combined effect requires further investigation. Thus, we compared the metabolic effect of combining green tea and decaffeinated light roasted green coffee on MS in rats. Methods: An MS animal model was constructed by feeding Sprague-Dawley rats with a high-fat-high-sucrose (HFHS) diet for eight weeks and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) injection at week 2. Rats fed with HFHS diets and injected with STZ successfully developed MS phenotypes, indicated by higher body weight, systolic blood pressure, plasma triglyceride level, plasma fasting blood glucose level, and lower plasma HDL-C level, compared to those fed with a normal chow diet. Subsequently, MS rats were continuously fed with HFHS and divided into four groups: MS rats, MS with 300 mg/bw.t green tea extract (GT), MS with 200 mg/bw.t green coffee extract (GC), and MS with combined green tea and green coffee extract (CM) for nine weeks. Results: Combining green tea and green coffee have synergistic effects on reducing plasma fasting blood glucose and triglyceride level. Inflammatory markers both in plasma and liver tissue robustly decreased in CM group rats. However, the reduction of systolic blood pressure was observed only in GT and CM groups. Moreover, all treatment resulted in an increase in plasma HDL-C level in MS rats. Conclusions: Our data highlighted that, in MS animal models, combined green tea and decaffeinated light roasted green coffee augment their several individual beneficial effects of improved metabolic parameters and modulated inflammatory genes.
From frustration to enlightenment: experiences of student exchange program awardees in Taiwan
Authors: Silalahi Wolter Parlindungan , Sitorus Friska Ria 
Published: June 2021

Background: Studying abroad is one of the most exciting experiences for a college student who is running a student exchange program, as it creates opportunities to learn, work, solve problems, and ensure a secured life. However, Indonesians who are into student exchange programs face some difficulties in adjusting to their new environment. They experience awkwardness in the use of advanced equipment from technology and cultural aspects. This study investigates the experiences of two Indonesian students who participated for a semester at a Taiwanese university. It aims to explore the Indonesian student exchange program awardees’ experiences by examining both the obstacles and benefits of attending the Taiwanese university. Methods: This study used qualitative data analysis. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview, informal participant observations, and a set of open and closed-ended questions. Two Indonesian undergraduate students who belonged to the same major, year, and university were recruited to act as ambassadors. Results: The two students reported facing some problems but felt more independent and became more adaptable. They met with new people and explored new places, and learned much in terms of teaching pedagogy and personal development from the 21st-century classroom pedagogy, which was important for their future carrier in education. Aside from being able to feel the 21st-century classroom environment, they were able to learn the host language and culture, which enriched their insights. Five main findings emerged: departure and journey, difficulties in settling in, inability to use technology facilities, meeting new people and exploring new places, and 21st century classroom environment. Conclusions: Despite the challenges that are associated with being a student exchange awardee, there are vast opportunities for self-development and learning the ropes associated with teaching from the 21st-century classroom pedagogy.
An update on radiation protection and the ionizing radiation regulations
Authors: Feinberg Lee W , Nixon Paul P 
Published: June 2021

In this article, the risks associated with dental X-ray examinations, the doses from different types of dental x-ray examinations, the principles of radiation protection and the key points set out in the IRR 17 and IRMER 17 legislation, with emphasis on the relevant changes between these new sets of legislation and the preceding IRR 99 and IRMER 2000 legislation, are considered. CPD/Clinical Relevance: An update and overview for the dental team on radiation protection and the relevant legislation.
‘DIY orthodontics’ – ‘don't do it yourself’!
Authors: Townend Georgia C , Misra Sangeeta 
Published: June 2021

Do-it-yourself (DIY) orthodontics is becoming more popular as the demand for straight teeth increases, particularly with the ever-growing pressures of social media. In this article, the trends seen, the patients it attracts and what is being done, both nationally and internationally, to warn patients about the adverse effects this new phenomenon can have on dental health are discussed. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article outlines the risks, trends, patient motivators and attempts to raise awareness associated with DIY orthodontics.
A case of grafted repair of an oro-antral fistula following non-surgical periodontal therapy
Authors: Heggie Claudia , Smorthit Kelly , Sood Banoo , Thayer Tom 
Published: June 2021

Oro-antral communication is a well-recognized complication of dental extractions in the maxilla, but is rarely reported to occur from periodontal causes. This article describes the formation of an oro-antral communication following non-surgical periodontal therapy, and its subsequent management. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article presents a previously unreported formation of an oro-antral communication following non-surgical periodontal therapy, in a patient with localized periodontitis and presence of a root cementum defect. It is of relevance to all dentists managing periodontal disease.
The effect of magnetized seawater on physiological and biochemical properties of different rice cultivars
Authors: Sutiyanti Ekris , Rachmawati Diah 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Sutiyanti E, Rachmawati D. 2021. The effect of magnetized seawater on physiological and biochemical properties of different rice cultivars. Biodiversitas 22: 3083-3091. Seawater is an alternative source to overcome the reduced availability of freshwater in agricultural practices. However, seawater cannot be used directly because it has high salinity that causes various disturbances in plant growth and development. Magnetic field treatment can be used for seawater desalination. The objective of this study was to analyze the potential of magnetized seawater for agricultural irrigation by observing the effect of magnetized seawater on physiological and biochemical properties of different rice cultivars. This research was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 research factors, which were 2 rice cultivars ('IR 64' and 'Inpari 35'), 2 levels of salinity (0 and 10 dS m-1), and 4 types of magnetic treatment (0 untreated with magnetic device, 1, 2 and 3 cycles treated with magnetic device). Variables including plant growth (plant height, fresh weight and dry weight), physiological characters (chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, membrane stability index, relative water content, proline content) and biochemical properties (superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, H2O2 and anthocyanin content) were observed. Magnetized seawater 3 cycles enhanced growth, physiology and biochemical parameters of ‘IR 64’ and ‘Inpari 35’ in 0 and 10 dS m-1 level salinity with decreasing level salinity of water to minimize effect of salinity. The effect of magnetized seawater treatment is more visible to increase the growth of ‘IR 64' rice plants.
Genomewide SNP marker identification associated with drought tolerance in oil palm
Authors: Yono Dwi , Nugroho Yogo Adhi , Tanjung Zulfikar Achmad , Utomo Condro , Liwang Tony 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Yono D, Nugroho YA, Tanjung ZA, Utomo C, Liwang T. 2021. Genomewide SNP marker identification associated with drought tolerance in oil palm. Biodiversitas 22: 3138-3144. Drought stress is one of the abiotic stresses that frequently occurred in the oil palm plantation and has a negative impact on fresh fruit bunch (FFB) production. Therefore, drought-tolerant palms are essential to be selected to mitigate this challenge. In Indonesia, several oil palm plantation areas have a dry climate, such as Lampung province. Distinct yield performance palms were identified from well-recorded agronomic trials in these areas, where the palms are frequently exposed to drought stresses every year and lead them to suffer from water deficit response. Group of high and low-yielding palms was selected based on FFB production of each palm for at least ten constitutive years. The double digest restriction amplified DNA (ddRAD) genotyping methods were used to capture the Single Nucleotide Polymorph (SNP) variant from pools of sample association datasets. At least, 538k SNPs were identified from these pooled datasets. A bulked segregant analysis with a Case-Control approach was implemented to screen the contrast SNP profiles between both pools. A total of 56 association signals was selected from sequential filtering. These SNP sites are located in 21 genes. Further SNP validation and phenotypic verification are necessary to obtain SNPs marker for drought-tolerant palm selections.
Diversity and cytological studies of the Genus Amomum Roxb. former Elettariopsis Baker (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand
Authors: Saensouk Surapon , Saensouik Piyaporn 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Saensouk P, Saensouk S. 2021. Diversity and cytological studies on the genus Amomum Roxb. former Elettariopsis Baker (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 3209-3218. A comprehensive diversity and cytological studies of the genus Amomum Roxb. in Thailand have not been reported. This work aims to study the diversity and cytological including chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the genus Amomum Roxb. former Elettariopsis Bakerin Thailand. Ten species of Amomum were recognized from Thailand. Nomenclatures, vernacular names, distribution, ecology, and traditional utilization are provided. Only Amomum wandokthong is widely cultivated in all parts in Thailand. Four living species, i.e. Amomum curtisii, A. monophyllum, A. trilobum, and A. wandokthong have been collected from field trips. Therefore, the somatic chromosome numbers from four species of this genus were studied from root tips. The somatic chromosome numbers of each species in this study were counted from 20 cells. The karyotype formulas were derived from measurements of the metaphase chromosomes in photomicrographs. The chromosome numbers of four species were found to be 2n = 48. Karyotypes of four species were reported to be Amomum curtisii (32m + 8sm + 8st), A. monophyllum (26m + 12sm + 10st), A. trilobum (18m + 24sm + 6st), and A. wandokthong (28m + 16sm + 4st with five visible satellites chromosomes). The chromosome numbers of A. monophyllum and A. wandokthong were reported for the first time. The karyotypes of four species were studied for the first time.