bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the Name of a Case Matter?
Authors: Jamil Haris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The arbitral award in The “Enrica Lexie” Incident (Italy v. India) brings to the fore the issue of assigning a name to a case. To contextualise India’s contention regarding the name, The “Enrica Lexie” Incident, in this article, I outline the law and practice regarding assigning names to cases by different international judicial bodies (ICJ, ITLOS, WTO and PCA). Examining India’s objection to the name, I argue that the name of the case does not capture the subject matter of the dispute accurately and emanates from the mainstream view of international law. The name prioritises an Italian flagged vessel, owned by a company engaged in international commerce and navigating under the protection of the Italian navy, over a fishing vessel owned by private individuals. The name reinforces a state-centric view of international law in which the victims of the incident do not picture.
Bolivian Indigenous Groups’ Legal Agency: What does it Entail?
Authors: Pinto Miguel Camilo Cuba 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The uniquely novel constitutional setting in Bolivia establishes the recognition of indigenous collective rights, indigenous jurisdictions, and indigenous institutions. However, many indigenous groups are uncomfortable with this judicial machinery, which portrays them as vulnerable groups before the legal system. This article highlights the Bolivian indigenous groups’ dissatisfaction and proposes a conceptual framework to address the apparent legal inequality from a socio-legal approach.
Les migrations d’étudiants en Turquie dans le cadre d’une politique d’internationalisation de l’enseignement supérieur
Authors: Alimukhamedov Farkhad 
Published: December 2021

Résumé
Cet article interroge la politique d’internationalisation de l’enseignement supérieur turc et son influence sur la mobilité des étudiant.es d’Afrique subsaharienne. Il s’appuie sur une recherche qualitative conduite entre 2014 et 2016 sur les conditions de vie et d’études de 184 étudiant.es en provenance de pays africains résidant dans la capitale turque. Le travail met en évidence le lien existant entre la politique étrangère du pays d’accueil et la mobilité étudiante, et analyse les expériences des étudiant.es dans leur nouveau lieu de vie.
Experiences of Healthcare Workers of Hospitalised Individuals with covid-19 in Kano, Nigeria: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Abba Muhammad Aliyu , Badaru Umaru Muhammad , Mukhtar Naziru Bashir , Abdullahi Auwal , Mohammed Jibril 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Management of patients with covid-19 needing hospitalisation is challenging worldwide. However, little or no information has been gathered regarding the experiences of healthcare workers (hcw s) involved in the care of patients with covid-19 in poorly resourced settings. This study explored the experiences of hcw s managing hospitalised patients with covid-19 in a treatment centre in Kano, Nigeria. Methods: hcw s directly or indirectly involved in managing patients with covid-19 in one of the two treatment centres in Kano, Nigeria, were sampled based on being information-rich cases. The study participants were interviewed individually via telephone using a semi-structured interview guide. Data collection was stopped when content saturation was attained. Data was analysed using thematic synthesis. Results: Eleven hcw s, comprising two medical doctors, five nurses, a laboratory staff member, a community health extension worker, an environmental health officer and a cleaner, participated in this study. Four major themes were generated: (i) the profile and readiness of hcw s prior to being engaged to work in a covid-19 treatment centre, (ii) the experience of hcw s while working in the covid-19 treatment wards, (iii) challenges with working in covid-19 treatment wards, and (iv) post-treatment support for covid-19 patients. The participants had variable prior experience in managing patients with infectious diseases. Interventions offered were mainly antiviral therapy, nursing care, counselling, nutritional interventions and toilet hygiene. Challenges encountered included insufficient cooperation from patients, poor personnel welfare, lack of human resources/equipment and issues interfering with wellbeing (stigma). Conclusion: The studied population exhibited professional competence and success in managing hospitalised patients with covid-19 during hospitalisation, despite existing challenges.
Ensuring the Rights of Women Migrant Workers – Analysis and Practice from Viet Nam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hong Yen , Nguyen Phuong Dung 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Women migrant workers, who make up almost half of the migrant population in Vietnam, have been seeking employment opportunities in order to strengthen their standing both economically and socially. Nevertheless, women migrant workers are exposed to more risks and human rights violations than their male counterparts owing to their binary susceptibility as migrants and women. Compounding this, the existing international (human rights) treaties have yet to afford sufficient legal protection to them. Coming from a third world nation, Vietnamese female migrant workers face a multitude of risks arising from their status. Given the risks that they face, further actions by the Vietnamese Government to comprehensively address the problems related to the protection of migrant workers’ rights are needed. Cooperation amongst States in establishing a dialogue and reaching solutions to effectively tackle issues related to women migrant workers is essential.
The Occult Properties of the Qurʾān (Ḫawāṣṣ al-Qurʾān): Notes for the History of an Idea and Literary Genre between Religion and Magic in Islam
Authors: Martini Giovanni Maria 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Although the science of the occult properties of the Qurʾān (ʿilm ḫawāṣṣ al-Qurʾān) has been regarded by Muslim intellectuals as an independent discipline within the classification of the sciences and has generated an independent literary genre over the centuries, it has never been the subject of a specific survey within Islamic Studies. Often wrongly considered simply as a component of related disciplines, the most important texts belonging to this genre remain understudied and are not critically edited. Many reasons suggest that the study of the genesis of this concept, of the homonymous discipline and of its literary corpus represent an important desideratum for the history of magic and of the occult sciences in Islam. Based on philological examination of numerous primary sources, this article aims to situate the science of the occult properties of the Qurʾān and its literature within the History of ideas in the Muslim world.
Collecting Chinese Objects in Slovenia at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Suhadolnik Nataša Vampelj 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article addresses the practices of collecting Chinese objects that were brought to the territory of present-day Slovenia by sailors, missionaries, travellers, and others who travelled to China in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. At the time, this territory was a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire; we will, therefore, begin with the brief historical context of the Empire and its contact with China, followed by a discussion on the nature of collecting Chinese objects in Slovenian territories at that time. We will further examine the status of the individuals who travelled to China and the nature and extent of the objects they brought back. The article will also highlight the specific position of the Slovenian territory within the history of Euro-Asian cultural connections, and address the relevant issues—locally and globally—of the relationship between the centres and peripheries with regard to collecting practices.
Pang Yuanji, Traditionalist/Modernist
Authors: Burnett Katharine P. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pang Yuanji 龐元濟 (1864–1949) is well known for the important catalogues he compiled of his ancient painting collections, especially the Xuzhai minghua lu 虛齋名 畫錄. Less recognized is his patronage of numerous artists who lived and worked in his home. Less known still are the roles he played in the modernizing art world. Despite Pang’s passion for traditional—if not also conservative—painting styles, his role as the founder of updated hospitals and schools, as one of the first to incorporate new technologies in industry and business, and also his activities with reformers of politics and the arts, point to the agenda of a reformer and modernist. This essay revises our understanding of Pang, changing not only how we understand his contributions to China’s visual culture, but also how we understand him as one who helped bring China into the modern world.
Collecting the Pei Cen Stele in Qing China
Authors: Yan Weitian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article investigates three vignettes in the collecting of the Pei Cen Stele during the eighteenth century. A Han-dynasty monument in Barköl, Xinjiang, the Pei Cen Stele tells of an unrecorded military achievement against the Xiongnu in 137. I begin by discussing how court officials used this artefact to support the Qing imperial expansion into central Asia. The second episode identifies four major types of copies of the Pei Cen Stele—facsimiles, replicas, tracing copies, and forgeries—and examines their varied functions to the epigraphic community at the time. The final section analyses the transitional style of this inscription through calligraphers’ innovative transcriptions. Appropriations of the Pei Cen Stele in these political, social, and artistic contexts, I argue, pinpoint the idea of collecting as a form of invention in the Qing dynasty. Collectors invented the Pei Cen Stele as a symbol of prosperity, a cultural relic, and a calligraphy exemplar.
Accuracy and Reception: On Theological and Aesthetic Novelty in Two Novels by Teodora Dimova
Authors: Drzewiecka Ewelina 
Published: December 2021

This article raises the question of functioning of the Biblical narrative in modern literature in the context of the local/individual experience of faith and the epistemological and existential question of truth. The focus is on two novels by the Bulgarian writer Teodora Dimova (born in 1960): Марма Мариам [Marma, Mariam, 2010] and Първият рожден ден [The First Birthday, 2016]. This case is particularly interesting because the Biblical story about Jesus has not been used here in order to create a parody or blasphemy, which could be expected as far as the postmodern de-contextualisation and re-evaluation of tradition are concerned, but to offer both an aesthetically original and theologically orthodox vision of the Christian God. So how to paraphrase the Biblical story and remain orthodox? How to actualize the existential potential of the Bible and achieve novelty? The analysis is conducted in the perspective of Paul Ricoeur’s existential hermeneutics and phenomenology of memory, especially his concepts of testimony and mimesis, with regard to the question of the reception of Biblical paraphrases in (Bulgarian) modern culture.
Introductory Comments
Authors: Sujecka Jolanta 
Published: December 2021

The 10th, jubilee issue of Colloquia Humanistica (2021) contains a thematic section: Heritage and the Post-Socialist City: Cultural and Social Perspectives. Alongside this section devoted to cities and towns of Central and Eastern Europe, in the issue’s Materials section we publish the first Polish poetic translation, authored by Małgorzata Borowska, of the second poem by Grigor Prličev (1830/31–1893), Skanderbeg (1862, Σκενδέρμπεης). The translation is accompanied by two papers/commentaries in English, for a wider audience prepared by Małgorzata Borowska and Jolanta Sujecka. The Discussions, Presentations, Book Reviews, section features three reviews, including a presentation of the monograph “Et les Juifs bulgares furent sauvés”: Une histoire des saviors sur la Shoah en Bulgarie by Nadège Ragaru.
Размиват ли се границите между езиковите нагласи в града и селото?
Authors: Алексова [Aleksova] Красимира [Krasimira] , Станчева [Stancheva] Руска [Ruska] 
Published: December 2021

Are the Boundaries Between Language Attitudes in Town and Village Deleted?The paper presents an analysis of data from a nationally representative survey of the language attitudes of Bulgarians regarding their opinions on the processes of language internationalization according to the respondent’s settlement type. The assumptions are that there will be opposition between language attitudes along the city-village axis. The analysis shows that language attitudes are not particularly influenced by the type of settlement: globalization, not urbanization, is the crucial process in the formation of language attitudes today. Czy zanikają granice między postawami językowymi w mieście i na wsi? W artykule przedstawiono analizę danych uzyskanych na podstawie reprezentatywnych w skali kraju badań postaw językowych Bułgarów według typu osiedlenia respondentów. Badania dotyczyły opinii respondentów na temat procesów internacjonalizacji współczesnych języków. Na wstępie założono, że na osi miasto-wieś wystąpi sprzeczność między postawami językowymi. Analiza pokazała, że typ osadnictwa nie oddziałuje w sposób szczególny na postawy językowe: dla kształtowania się owych postaw kluczowym procesem obecnie jest proces globalizacji, a nie urbanizacji.
Kultura wysoka na służbie, czyli o mitologizmach we współczesnych stylach i odmianach polszczyzny
Authors: Puda-Blokesz Magdalena 
Published: December 2021

High Culture on Duty or Mythology-Based Expressions in Contemporary Styles and Varieties of Polish The purpose of this article is to outline the stylistic and varietal extent of mythology-based expressions (of Graeco-Roman provenance), which include mythologically motivated linguistic units with varying formal (single words and polywords) and semantic (primary and secondary meanings) status. Due to their conventional origin, these units primarily belong to the literary variety of Polish. Additionally, they form the basis of numerous academic terms. To a much lesser degree, they also serve as fodder for other speech genres, styles and varieties of Polish that are conditioned by present-day cultural, civilizational and communicative changes, realized, for instance, in the language of journalists, internet users, public figures, manufacturers or owners of commercial and service facilities. The expressions in question are used in texts that differ stylistically, where they perform not only denotative-connotative but also axiological and expressive functions. Kultura wysoka na służbie, czyli o mitologizmach we współczesnych stylach i odmianach polszczyzny Celem niniejszego opracowania jest próba pokazania stylistycznego i odmianowego zasięgu mitologizmów (o grecko-rzymskiej proweniencji), do których można zaliczyć motywowane mitologicznie jednostki języka o różnym statusie formalnym (jedno- i wielowyrazowe) i semantycznym (o znaczeniu prymarnym i wtórnym). Jednostki te ze względu na swe konwencjonalne źródło przynależą przede wszystkim do książkowej odmiany polszczyzny. Dodatkowo, stały się one także podstawą wielu terminów naukowych. W nieznacznym stopniu zasilają też inne, warunkowane współczesnymi zmianami kulturowo-cywilizacyjnymi i komunikacyjnymi gatunki mowy, style i odmiany polszczyzny, realizujące się choćby w języku dziennikarzy, czynnych internautów, osób publicznych, producentów czy właścicieli obiektów usługowo-handlowych. Mitologizmy używane są zatem w tekstach o różnej stylistyce. Pełnią w nich funkcje nie tylko denotacyjno-konotacyjne, lecz także m.in. aksjologiczne i ekspresywne.
Funkcje ekspresywizmów gwarowych w komunikacji internetowej
Authors: Kucharzyk Renata 
Published: December 2021

Functions of Dialectal Expressivisms in Internet CommunicationThe subject of the article is the functioning of dialectal expressivisms in unofficial internet communication. In their statements on internet forums, internet users use numerous dialectisms, a significant percentage of which are expressive lexemes. This group consists not only of dialect expressivisms, but also of neutral dialect lexemes that have become expressivisms in colloquial communication. In the analyzed texts, dialectal expressivisms perform various functions, namely nominative, evaluative, persuasive, identifying, characterizing and ludic. Often, the use of a particular lexeme involves the realization of several functions simultaneously, but only one of them is the main one, while the other is secondary. Funkcje ekspresywizmów gwarowych w komunikacji internetowejPrzedmiotem artykułu jest funkcjonowanie ekspresywizmów gwarowych w komunikacji internetowej o charakterze nieoficjalnym. Internauci w swoich wypowiedziach na forach internetowych wykorzystują liczne dialektyzmy, wśród których znaczący odsetek stanowią leksemy nacechowane ekspresywnie. Na tę grupę składają się nie tylko leksemy mające takie nacechowanie w gwarach, lecz także leksemy neutralne w wyjściowych systemach, które w komunikacji potocznej nabierają ekspresywności. Ekspresywizmy gwarowe w analizowanych tekstach pełnią różne funkcje, a mianowicie nominatywną, wartościującą, perswazyjną, identyfikującą, charakteryzującą i ludyczną. Często użycie konkretnego leksemu wiąże się z realizacją kilku funkcji równocześnie, ale tylko jedna z nich jest główna, inne – sekundarne.
Język w procesie kształtowania nowych regionów w Polsce
Authors: Sagan-Bielawa Mirosława 
Published: December 2021

Language in the Creation Process of the New Regions of PolandThe article concerns the influence of state reform on the evolution of regional identity. The aim of the article is to describe the role of language in these changes. In 1999, sixteen large regions (voivodeships) were established; it is significant that the contemporary names of these voivodeships refer to historical choronyms. The boundaries between administrative divisions and traditional ethnographic regions are indistinct due to the use of variant names like Małopolska, Podkarpacie, Pomorze Zachodnie instead of the formal names województwo małopolskie, podkarpackie, zachodniopomorskie etc., as well as the creation of new names of inhabitants (e.g. Zachodniopomorzanie, Małopolanie, Ślązacy, Lubuszanie) and nomina-abstracta (e.g. “małopolskość”, “podkarpackość”). The meaning of the Polish word region (‘area’, ‘territory’, also ‘private homeland’) became synonymous with województwo (‘voivodeship’, ‘province’). Furthermore, the blurred distinction between geographical and administrative names gives rise to the misconception that dialectal differentiation in Poland is related to the boundaries of voivodeships. Język w procesie kształtowania nowych regionów w PolsceArtykuł dotyczy ewolucji tożsamości regionalnej, jaka dokonała się w wyniku administracyjnej regionalizacji sprzed 20 lat. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie roli języka w tych zmianach. Nazwy 16 województw utworzonych w Polsce w 1999 roku nawiązują do historycznych nazw geograficznych, a same terminy województwo i region traktowane są jako synonimy. Użycie nazw typu Małopolska, Podkarpacie, Pomorze Zachodnie jako wariantywnych nazw województw (zamiast określeń województwo: małopolskie, podkarpackie, zachodniopomorskie itp.), tworzenie nowych nazw mieszkańców (np. Zachodniopomorzanie, Małopolanie, Ślązacy, Lubuszanie), a także abstrakcyjnych nazw cech (np. „małopolskość”, „podkarpackość”) powodują, że zaciera się różnica między podziałem administracyjnym a tradycyjnymi regionami. Mieszanie się nazewnictwa administracyjnego i geograficznego sprzyja również powstawaniu przekonania o istnieniu podziałów gwarowych i dialektalnych odpowiadających granicom województw.
Factors Predicting Increased Length of Stay in Abdominal Wall Reconstruction
Authors: Elhage Sharbel A. , Ayuso Sullivan A. , Deerenberg Eva B. , Shao Jenny M. , Prasad Tanushree , Kercher Kent W. , Colavita Paul D. , Augenstein Vedra A. , Todd Heniford B. 
Published: December 2021

Background Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs have become increasingly popular in general surgery, yet no guidelines exist for an abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR)–specific program. We aimed to evaluate predictors of increased length of stay (LOS) in the AWR population to aid in creating an AWR-specific ERAS protocol. Methods A prospective, single institution hernia center database was queried for all patients undergoing open AWR (1999-2019). Standard statistical methods and linear and logistic regression were used to evaluate for predictors of increased LOS. Groups were compared based on LOS below or above the median LOS of 6 days (IQR = 4-8). Results Inclusion criteria were met by 2,505 patients. On average, the high LOS group was older, with higher rates of CAD, COPD, diabetes, obesity, and pre-operative narcotic use (all P < .05). Longer LOS patients had more complex hernias with larger defects, higher rates of mesh infection/fistula, and more often required a component separation (all P < .05). Multivariate analysis identified age (β0.04,SE0.02), BMI (β0.06,SE0.03), hernia defect size (β0.003,SE0.001), active mesh infection or mesh fistula (β1.8,SE0.72), operative time (β0.02,SE0.002), and ASA score >4 (β3.6,SE1.7) as independently associated factors for increased LOS (all P < .05). Logistic regression showed that an increased length of stay trended toward an increased risk of hernia recurrence ( P = .06). Conclusions Multiple patient and hernia characteristics are shown to significantly affect LOS, which, in turn, increases the odds of AWR failure. Weight loss, peri-operative geriatric optimization, prehabilitation of comorbidities, and operating room efficiency can enhance recovery and shorten LOS following AWR.
The Association Between new Nurses’ Gerontological Education, Personal Attitudes Toward Older Adults, and Intentions to Work in Gerontological Care Settings in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Smith Jessica , Sawhney Monakshi , Duhn Lenora , Woo Kevin 
Published: December 2021

Background The older adult population in Canada is increasing, and many will require care within an acute geriatric unit (AGU) or long-term care facility (LTCF). However, the nursing workforce is not growing at the same pace as the population is aging. New graduate nurses may be able to fill this gap; therefore, it is important to understand their intentions of working in gerontological care settings (i.e., AGU or LTCF). Aim To examine if nursing education and personal attitudes toward older adults influence newly registered nurses’(RNs) intentions to work in a gerontological care setting. Method Nurses (n= 1,103) who registered with the College of Nurses of Ontario for the first time in 2018 were invited to complete a questionnaire. Results The majority of participants (n = 181) reported a positive attitude toward older adults. However, only 14% reported an intention to work in a gerontological care setting. Participants who completed multiple geriatric focused clinical placements were more likely to report an intention to work in these settings. Conclusion This study provides some information regarding the attitudes and intentions of newly RNs toward a career in gerontological care settings. Further research is needed to understand nurses’ intentions regarding working in AGUs or LTCFs.