bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recollecting the Religious: Augustine in Answer to Meno’s Paradox
Authors: Haecker Ryan , Moulin-Stożek Daniel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPhilosophers of education often view the role of religion in education with suspicion, claiming it to be impossible, indoctrinatory or controversial unless reduced to secular premises and aims. The ‘post-secular’ and ‘decolonial’ turns of the new millennium have, however, afforded opportunities to revaluate this predilection. In a social and intellectual context where the arguments of previous generations of philosophers may be challenged on account of positivist assumptions, there may be an opening for the reconsideration of alternative but traditional religious epistemologies. In this article, we pursue one such line of thought by revisiting a classic question in the philosophy of education, Meno’s Paradox of inquiry. We do this to revitalise understanding and justification for religious education. Our argument is not altogether new, but in our view, is in need of restatement: liturgy is at the heart of education and it is so because it is a locus of knowledge. We make this argument by exploring St Augustine’s response to Meno’s Paradox, and his radical claim that only Christ can be called ‘teacher’. Though ancient, this view of the relationship of the teacher and student to knowledge may seem surprisingly contemporary because of its emphasis on the independence of the learner. Although our argument is grounded in classic texts of the Western tradition, we suggest that arguments could be made by drawing on similar resources in other religious traditions, such as Islam, that also draw upon the Platonic tradition and similarly emphasise the importance of communal and personal acts of worship.
Home Energy Efficiency and Subjective Health in Greater London
Authors: Symonds P. , Verschoor N. , Chalabi Z. , Taylor J. , Davies M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe UK has introduced legislation that requires net-zero greenhouse gas emissions to be achieved by 2050. Improving the energy efficiency of homes is a key objective to help reach this target, and the UK government’s Clean Growth Strategy aims to get many homes up to an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) Band of C by 2035. The relationship between home energy-efficiency and occupant health and wellbeing remains an area of ongoing research. This paper explores the nexus between home energy efficiency, energy consumption and self-reported health—an indicator of the general health and wellbeing of the population. We focus on Greater London through secondary data analysis. Energy-efficiency ratings and air infiltration rates of dwellings, derived from EPCs, were aggregated and matched to local area self-reported health and energy consumption data obtained from the Greater London Authority’s (GLA) Lower Layer Super Output Area (LSOA) Atlas database. Our regression model indicates that improving the energy efficiency (SAP) rating by 10 points for a typical home may reduce household gas consumption by around 7% (95% CIs: 2%, 14%). Beta regression finds a positive, but not statistically significant association between median SAP rating and the proportion of the population reporting ‘good or very good’ health when considering all Greater London LSOAs (z score = 0.60, p value = 0.55). A statistically significant positive association is observed however when repeating the analysis for the lowest income quartile LSOAs (z score = 2.03, p value = 0.04). This indicates that the least well-off may benefit most from home energy efficiency programs. A statistically significant positive association is also observed for the relationship between self-reported health and air infiltration rates (z score = 2.62, p value = 0.01). The findings support existing evidence for the predominantly naturally ventilated UK housing stock, suggesting that home energy efficiency measures provide a co-benefit for occupant health provided that adequate air exchange is maintained.
Impact of N on the Stacking Fault Energy and Phase Stability of FCC CrMnFeCoNi: An Ab Initio Study
Authors: Ikeda Yuji , Körmann Fritz 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInterstitial alloying has become an important pillar in tuning and improving the materials properties of high-entropy alloys, e.g., enabling interstitial solid-solution hardening and for tuning the stacking fault energies. In this work we performed ab initio calculations to evaluate the impact of interstitial alloying with nitrogen on the fcc–hcp phase stability for the prototypical CrMnFeCoNi alloy. The N solution energies are broadly distributed and reveal a clear correlation with the local environments. We show that N addition stabilizes the fcc phase of CrMnFeCoNi and increases the stacking fault energy.
Incremental Net Monetary Benefit of Bariatric Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cost-Effectiveness Evidences
Authors: Noparatayaporn Prapaporn , Thavorncharoensap Montarat , Chaikledkaew Usa , Bagepally Bhavani Shankara , Thakkinstian Ammarin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to comprehensively synthesize cost-effectiveness evidences of bariatric surgery by pooling incremental net monetary benefits (INB). Twenty-eight full economic evaluation studies comparing bariatric surgery with usual care were identified from five databases. In high-income countries (HICs), bariatric surgery was cost-effective among mixed obesity group (i.e., obesity with/without diabetes) over a 10-year time horizon (pooled INB = $53,063.69; 95% CI $42,647.96, $63,479.43) and lifetime horizon (pooled INB = $101,897.96; 95% CI $79,390.93, $124,404.99). All studies conducted among obese with diabetes reported that bariatric surgery was cost-effective. Also, the pooled INB for obesity with diabetes group over lifetime horizon in HICs was $80,826.28 (95% CI $32,500.75, $129,151.81). Nevertheless, no evidence is available in low- and middle-income countries.
Graphical abstract
The Protective Effects of Endogenous PACAP in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy
Authors: Kvarik Timea , Reglodi Dora , Werling Dora , Vaczy Alexandra , Kovari Petra , Szabo Edina , Kovacs Krisztina , Hashimoto Hitoshi , Ertl Tibor , Gyarmati Judit , Atlasz Tamas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPituitary adenylate cyclase–activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide having trophic and protective functions in neural tissues, including the retina. Previously, we have shown that intravitreal PACAP administration can maintain retinal structure in the animal model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The purpose of this study is to examine the development of ROP in PACAP-deficient and wild-type mice to reveal the function of endogenous PACAP. Wild-type and PACAP-knockout (KO) mouse pups at postnatal day (PD) 7 were maintained at 75% oxygen for 5 consecutive days then returned to room air on PD12 to develop oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). On PD15, animals underwent electroretinography (ERG) to assess visual function. On PD16, eyes were harvested for either immunohistochemistry to determine the percentage of the central avascular retinal area or molecular analysis to assess angiogenesis proteins by array kit and anti-apoptotic protein kinase B (Akt) change by western blot. Retinas of PACAP-deficient OIR mice showed a greater central avascular area than that of the wild types. ERG revealed significantly decreased b-wave amplitude in PACAP KO compared to their controls. Several angiogenic proteins were upregulated due to OIR, and 11 different proteins markedly increased in PACAP-deficient mice, whereas western blot analysis revealed a reduction in Akt phosphorylation, suggesting an advanced cell death in the lack of PACAP. This is the first study to examine the endogenous effect of PACAP in the OIR model. Previously, we have shown the beneficial effect of exogenous local PACAP treatment in the rat OIR model. Together with the present findings, we suggest that PACAP could be a novel retinoprotective agent in ROP.
How Plausible Is the Implausible? Students’ Plausibility and Prevalence Ratings of the Self-Report Symptom Inventory
Authors: Boskovic Irena , Merten Thomas , Merckelbach Harald 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSome self-report symptom validity tests, such as the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI), rely on a detection strategy that uses bizarre, extreme, or very rare symptoms. Thus, items are constructed to invite respondents with an invalid response style to affirm pseudosymptoms that are usually not experienced by genuine patients. However, these pseudosymptoms should not be easily recognizable, because otherwise sophisticated over-reporters could strategically avoid them and go undetected. Therefore, we tested how well future psychology professionals were able to differentiate between genuine complaints and pseudosymptoms in terms of their plausibility and prevalence.Psychology students (N = 87) received the items of the SRSI online and were given the task to rate each item as to its plausibility and prevalence in the community.Students evaluated genuine symptoms as significantly more plausible and more prevalent than pseudosymptoms. However, 56% of students rated pseudosymptoms as moderately plausible, whereas 17% rated them as moderately prevalent in the general public.Overall, it appears that psychology students are successful in distinguishing bizarre, unusual, or rare symptoms from genuine complaints. Yet, the majority of students still attributed relatively high prima facie plausibility to pseudosymptoms. We contend that if such a trusting attitude is true for psychology students, it may also be the case for young psychology practitioners, which, consequently, may diminish the probability of employing self-report validity measures in psychological assessments.
Neurofilament Light Chain Is a Biomarker of Neurodegeneration in Ataxia Telangiectasia
Authors: Donath H. , Woelke S. , Schubert R. , Kieslich M. , Theis M. , Auburger G. , Duecker R. P. , Zielen S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAtaxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a progressive and life-limiting disease associated with cerebellar ataxia due to progressive cerebellar degeneration. In addition to ataxia, which is described in detail, the presence of chorea, dystonia, oculomotor apraxia, athetosis, parkinsonism, and myoclonia are typical manifestations of the disease. The study aimed to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of neurofilament light chain (NfL) as a biomarker of neurodegeneration in relation to SARA score. In this prospective trial, one visit of 42 A-T patients aged 1.3–25.6 years (mean 11.6 ± 7.3 years) was performed, in which NfL was determined from serum by ELISA. Additionally, a neurological examination of the patients was performed. Blood was collected from 19 healthy volunteers ≥ 12 years of age. We found significantly increased levels of NfL in patients with A-T compared to healthy controls (21.5 ± 3.6 pg/mL vs. 9.3 ± 0.49 pg/mL, p ≤ 0.01). There was a significant correlation of NfL with age, AFP, and SARA. NfL is a new potential progression biomarker in blood for neurodegeneration in A-T which increases with age.
A serial optical frequency-domain imaging study of early and late vascular responses to bioresorbable-polymer sirolimus-eluting stents for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction and stable coronary artery disease patients: results of the MECHANISM-ULTIMASTER study
Authors: Itoh Tomonori , Otake Hiromasa , Kimura Takumi , Tsukiyama Yoshiro , Kikuchi Tatsuo , Okubo Munenori , Hayashi Takatoshi , Okamura Takayuki , Kuramitsu Shoichi , Morita Takashi , Sonoda Shinjo , Ishihara Shozo , Kuriyama Nehiro , Isshiki Takaaki , Soeda Tsunenari , Hibi Kiyoshi , Shinke Toshiro , Morino Yoshihiro ,   the MECHANISM-ULTIMASTER study group, Shimoda Yudai , Inoue Takumi , Okura Hiroyuki , Takenaka Takashi , Sakakibara Masaki , Jinno Yasushi , Yasaka Yoshinori , Takaya Tomofumi , Shite Junya , Kozuki Amane , Kadotani Makoto , Kaetsu Yasuhiro , Tsutsui Yoshitomo , Mochizuki Mamoru , Masuda Naoki , Tanabe Kengo , Tanabe Kengo , Ishii Hideki , Otsuka Yoritaka , Abe Mitsuru 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess early and late vascular healing in response to bioresorbable-polymer sirolimus-eluting stents (BP-SESs) for the treatment of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD). A total of 106 patients with STEMI and 101 patients with stable-CAD were enrolled. Optical frequency-domain images were acquired at baseline, at 1- or 3-month follow-up, and at 12-month follow-up. In the STEMI and CAD cohorts, the percentage of uncovered struts (%US) was significantly and remarkably decreased during early two points and at 12-month (the STEMI cohort: 1-month: 18.75 ± 0.78%, 3-month: 10.19 ± 0.77%, 12-month: 1.80 ± 0.72%; p < 0.001, the CAD cohort: 1-month: 9.44 ± 0.78%, 3-month: 7.78 ± 0.78%, 12-month: 1.07 ± 0.73%; p < 0.001 respectively). The average peri-strut low-intensity area (PLIA) score in the STEMI cohort was significantly decreased during follow-up period (1.90 ± 1.14, 1.18 ± 1.25, and 1.01 ± 0.72; p ≤ 0.001), whereas the one in the CAD cohort was not significantly changed (0.89 ± 1.24, 0.67 ± 1.07, and 0.64 ± 0.72; p = 0.59). In comparison with both groups, differences of %US and PLIA score at early two points were almost disappeared or close at 12 months. The strut-coverage and healing processes in the early phase after BP-SES implantation were significantly improved in both cohorts, especially markedly in STEMI patients. At 1 year, qualitatively and quantitatively consistent neointimal coverage was achieved in both pathogenetic groups.
Assessment of heavy metals contamination and associated risks in shallow groundwater sources from three different residential areas within Ibadan metropolis, southwest Nigeria
Authors: Ganiyu Saheed Adekunle , Oyadeyi Abimbola Temitope , Adeyemi Azeem Adedeji 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study has been conducted to appraise the concentrations of selected heavy metals and total dissolved solids (TDSs) in the drinking water from shallow wells in parts of Ibadan metropolis, southwest Nigeria. Fifteen (15) water samples were collected from three representative residential locations [traditional core area (TCA), peri-urban area (PUA), and urban area (UA)] for geochemical analysis. Heavy metals and TDS were analyzed with the aid of atomic absorption spectrophotometer and calibrated meter, respectively. The mean concentration (mg/L) of Zn, Pb Mn, Fe, and Cd has been 3.930, 0.658, 0.0304, 1.698, and 0.501, respectively, and as a consequence, the order of abundance of studied metals was Zn > Fe > Pb > Cd > Mn. Concentrations of Zn, Fe, Pb, and Cd were higher than recommended standards in 60%, 86.7%, 100%, and 100% of groundwater samples, respectively. However, at all points tested, the mean concentrations of Mn and TDS in water samples lie within the safe limits set by World Health Organization. The evaluation of geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and contamination factor suggests that representative water samples were low-to-moderate contamination. The potential ecological risk index advocates low-to-moderate ecological risk in TCA and PUA, while it demonstrated exclusive “moderate” risk in UA. Further, the range of pollution load index (PLI) (0.55–1.32) in both TCA and PUA shows nil-to-moderate pollution status, while PLI values > 1 in UA indicate moderate contaminated state. The degree of contamination in groundwater showed the following trends: UA > TCA > PUA in the study area. Moreover, the results of EF and quantification of contamination of analyzed metals in water samples indicate geogenic and anthropogenic inputs. The contribution of studied metals to the incidence of non-cancer risk via oral intake within the residential sites follows the order: cadmium > lead > zinc > iron > manganese. The hazard index as a result of ingested heavy metals for the three population classes surpasses the acceptable range in the order of infant < child < adult. Cadmium and lead made considerable impact to the estimation of cancer risk in the study area for the three human population categories. Factor analysis extracted only one component that explained 94.64% of the entire variance, while cluster analysis identified three distinct groups based on similar water quality characteristics. Based on the findings of the study, awareness programs toward protecting the shallow groundwater sources should be launched, encouraged, and sustained. Moreover, the study suggests better hygienic practices and pre-treatment of contaminated water before consumption.
To Conscience First, and to the Pope (Long) Afterwards? British Catholics and their Attitudes towards Morality and Structural Issues concerning the Catholic Church
Authors: Clements Ben , Bullivant Stephen 
Published: April 2021

Background The attitudes of Catholics in Britain have undergone significant liberalisation on social moral issues across recent decades, whilst the reputation of the Catholic Church has suffered due to public opposition to its traditional teachings on such issues. But there has been comparatively little recent investigation into British Catholics’ views on these debates using surveys aimed at this religious community. Purpose This article examines the sources of attitudinal heterogeneity amongst Catholics in Britain on core debates affecting the Catholic Church. The aims are to examine, firstly, which groups within the British Catholic Community are more likely to conform to or to dissent from the Church's teachings and, secondly, whether the socio-demographic and religious correlates of attitudes vary across different types of issue. Methods This article uses a new, nationally representative survey of Catholic adults in Britain (n = 1823). The survey is used to examine the sources of variation in Catholics’ attitudes towards a range of issues relating to the Roman Catholic Church. These issues relate to the priesthood, personal morality, and sinful behaviours. OLS models are used to assesses the relative impact of socio-demographic, religious socialisation, and religious commitment variables. Results The findings show that women are consistently more liberal in their views than men. Greater religious commitment is always associated with support for the traditional teachings of the Church. Conclusions and Implications Exploring the sources of attitudinal heterogeneity among Catholics, we provide new insights into the internal dynamics of ‘Britain's largest minority’. We conclude by discussing the potential effects of increasing ‘nonversion’ for interpreting religious statistics—a topic of relevance beyond the denominational and geographical confines of this study's explicit focus.
Tribological behavior of co-textured cylinder liner-piston ring during running-in
Authors: Miao Chenwei , Guo Zhiwei , Yuan Chengqing 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe running-in of cylinder liner-piston rings (CLPRs) is the most important process that must be performed before a marine diesel engine can be operated. The quality of running-in directly affects the reliability of a CLPR. The surface texture of a CLPR has been proven to significantly affect its lubrication performance. In this study, the tribological behavior of a CLPR during running-in is investigated. Three types of surface textures are generated on the CLPR via laser processing: dimple texture on piston rings, groove texture on cylinder liners, and co-texture on both sides. Subsequently, a series of tests are performed on a slice tester. A load of 300 N (1.64 MPa) is applied, and two speeds (50 and 100 rpm) are adopted. The CLPR running-in quality is characterized based on three parameters, i.e., the friction coefficient, contact resistance, and wear topography. Experimental results show that, compared with a non-textured surface, the three types of surface textures mentioned above improved the friction performance during running-in. The lubricant supply capacity of the dimple texture on the piston ring, as a mobile oil reservoir, is stronger than that of the groove texture on the cylinder liner serving as a static oil reservoir. By contrast, the wear resistance of the dimple texture, as a movable debris trap on the piston ring, is weaker than that of the groove texture on the cylinder liner, which serves as a static debris trap. It is demonstrated that the co-texture combines the advantages of dimples and groove textures. Compared with non-textured surfaces, the friction coefficient decreased the most at 100 rpm (44.5%), and the contact resistance improved the most at 50 rpm (352.9%). The coupling effect provides the surface with improved running-in quality by optimizing the tribological performance, particularly at the dead center. This study provides guidance for the tribological design and manufacturing of CLPR in marine diesel engines.
A design of experiment approach to 3D-printed mouthpieces sound analysis
Authors: Bacciaglia Antonio , Ceruti Alessandro , Liverani Alfredo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNowadays additive manufacturing is affected by a rapid expansion of possible applications. It is defined as a set of technologies that allow the production of components from 3D digital models in a short time by adding material layer by layer. It shows enormous potential to support wind musical instruments manufacturing because the design of complex shapes could produce unexplored and unconventional sounds, together with external customization capabilities. The change in the production process, material and shape could affect the resulting sound. This work aims to compare the music performances of 3D-printed trombone mouthpieces using both Fused Deposition Modelling and Stereolithography techniques, compared to the commercial brass one. The quantitative comparison is made applying a Design of Experiment methodology, to detect the main additive manufacturing parameters that affect the sound quality. Digital audio processing techniques, such as spectral analysis, cross-correlation and psychoacoustic analysis in terms of loudness, roughness and fluctuation strength have been applied to evaluate sounds. The methodology herein applied could be used as a standard for future studies on additively manufactured musical instruments.
A recommendation system for scientific water data
Authors: Xue Zhaokun , Couch Alva 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe describe a recommendation system for HydroShare, a platform for scientific water data sharing. We discuss similarities, differences and challenges for implementing recommendation systems for scientific water data sharing. We discuss and analyze the behaviors that scientists exhibit in using HydroShare as documented by users’ activity logs. Unlike entertainment system users, users on HydroShare tend to be task-oriented, where the set of tasks of interest can change over time, and older interests are sometimes no longer relevant. By validating recommendation approaches against user behavior as expressed in activity logs, we conclude that a combination of content-based filtering and a latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modeling of user behavior—rather than and instead of LDA classification of dataset topics—provides a workable solution for HydroShare and compares this approach to existing recommendation methods.