bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of corrosion resistance of corrosion inhibitors in concrete structures by Impressed voltage test
Authors: Satish V L , Ravindra V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
There are several commercially marketed corrosions inhibiting admixtures for concrete, presently not tested adequately and lack long term performance results. In this study laboratory studies were conducted on two commercially available Corrosion inhibitors to determine the effectiveness and their corrosion resistance parameters of concrete with OPC and PPC. This study examined the durability parameters in concretes mixed with Anodic Inhibitor (Calcium Nitrite based) and Bipolar Corrosion inhibitor (amino alcohol-based). The Accelerated corrosion testing (Impressed voltage test) was conducted to determine the efficacy of inhibitors. For PPC mixes, the Calcium Nitrite Inhibitor has shown better results in reducing the rate of corrosion of the embedded steel reinforcement. For OPC mixes both the inhibitors have given better results compared to control mix in reducing the corrosion rate of embedded steel.
Effect of alkali curing environment on M30 grade Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) Concrete
Authors: Rambabu P V , Ramarao G V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The present paper deals with the replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement with SCBA at different percentages of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by weight of cement in M30 grade concrete, the mechanical properties of SCBA blended concrete were studied when subjected to alkali environment. The concrete specimens were cured in normal water, sodium sulphate solution (1%, 3% and 5%) and Magnesium Sulphate solution (1%, 3% and 5%) at ages of 28, 60 and 90 days and tested. From the experimental observation, the SCBA blended concrete provides resistance against sulphate attack.
Effect of Fibres on the behaviour of Bottle shaped strut
Authors: Sagi Murali Sagar Varma , Suriya Prakash S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Bottle-shaped struts are the critical elements in the design of D-regions using Strut-and-Tie method. The transverse tension develops due to dispersion of compression load which further leads to splitting crack in bottle shaped strut. Due to this, the strut fails before reaching its ultimate compression capacity. Higher resistance to the transverse tension can improve the strut capacity and its efficiency in load transfer. Transverse tensile stress can be resisted by providing the steel reinforcement or through the addition of discrete fibres in the concrete. Many international codes like ACI, AASTHO, and CSA have suggested guidelines about the addition of steel fibre reinforcement in the bottle-shaped struts for resisting the transverse tension. Still, the influence of the discrete fibres on the performance of the bottle-shaped strut is not well established. The performance of the bottle-shaped strut in terms of efficiency factors, crack pattern and failure mode for different amounts of macro steel fibres and micro polypropylene fibres are studied using experimental investigation. Specimens of 600mm x 600mmx 100mm size were tested under compression. Steel fibres are added in the proportions of 0.7%, 0.9% and 1.1% volume fractions to the concrete. Effect of fibre hybridization also studied by adding micro polypropylene fibres in the proportions of 1% and 2% in addition to the steel fibres. Experimental results showed that adding discrete fibres in concrete significantly improved the resistance to the transverse tension in bottle-shaped struts and led to the increased load-carrying capacity of the specimens. A 75% improvement in the efficiency factor is observed at 0.9% volume of steel fibre addition. Addition of micro polypropylene fibres to the macro steel fibres further enhanced the load-carrying capacity of the bottle-shaped struts. Microfibres in the concrete effectively arrested the micro-cracks and delayed the occurrence of a first splitting crack in the strut region. Due to this the mode of failure changed to ductile through the formation of a greater number of small cracks with less crack width at the ultimate load. Results of this study clearly show that the addition of discrete fibres to the concrete is an effective solution to improve the performance of the bottle-shaped struts in terms of ultimate strength and serviceability.
Seasonal effect on compressive strength of ambient cured, nominal mix proportioned alkali-activated slag concrete
Authors: Markandeya Raju P , Lakshmi V , Santosh Kumar K 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Strength of the concrete is a very important factor for the safe design of concrete and safe construction. Nowadays high strength concrete has an important role in the construction of different structures. It is difficult to enhance the strength of the concrete and enhancing strength requires a lot of changes in the mix design. The present study is to develop Geopolymer concrete to increase the compressive strength of low nominal mix proportions using alkali actuators like NaOH and Na2SiO3 solutions. Geopolymer concrete is one of the best alternative concrete for conventional and other cement concretes for many reasons. The Geopolymer concrete is prepared with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and silica fume (SF) as a binder. NaOH and Na2SiO3 solutions are adopted as alkali activators. Quartz sand is used as fine aggregate along with normally used coarse aggregate. Cubes are prepared with different combinations of ingredients and after 28 days of ambient curing conditions, the cubes are tested for compressive strength. And this study is conducted in summer, monsoon and winter seasons to study the effect of seasons on ambient curing of the Geopolymer concrete.
The potency of IS 875 (Part 3) 2015 code provisions on A-type trusses in the cyclonic regions of India
Authors: Baswa Santhosh Kumar , Balaji KVGD , Patnaikuni Chandan Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
SP 38:1987 Handbook for the design of trusses have been widely used by the structural engineers in India. The designs were recommended 1987 version wind load provisions. The revised version of IS 875 was released in 2015 with certain additional recommendations for computation of design wind pressures in static load consideration. In this paper comparative analysis was made on A-Type trusses for 9m and 24 m spans with STAAD Pro (8i) software to determine the extent of increase of truss forces. It was inferred that the trusses forces for smaller spans are more increased when compared to larger spans.
Laser dynamics in nonlinear transparent media with electron plasma generation: effects of electron–hole radiative recombinations
Authors: Kameni Nteutse P , Dikandé Alain M , Zekeng S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The performance of optical devices manufactured via laser micromachining on nonlinear transparent materials usually relies on three main factors, which are the characteristic laser parameters (i.e. the laser power, pulse duration and pulse repetition rate), the characteristic properties of host materials (e.g. their chromatic dispersions, optical nonlinearities or self-focusing features) and the relative importance of physical processes such as the avalanche impact ionization, multiphoton ionization and electron–hole radiative recombination processes. These factors act in conjunction to impose the regime of laser operation; in particular, their competition determines the appropriate laser operation regime. In this work a theoretical study is proposed to explore the effects of the competition between multiphoton absorption, plasma ionization and electron–hole radiative recombination processes on the laser dynamics in transparent materials with Kerr nonlinearity. The study rests on a model consisting of a K-order nonlinear complex Ginzburg–Landau equation, coupled to a first-order equation describing time variation of the electron plasma density. An analysis of the stability of continuous waves, following the modulational instability approach, reveals that the combination of multiphoton absorption and electron–hole radiative recombination processes can be detrimental or favorable to continuous-wave operation, depending on the group-velocity dispersion of the host medium. Numerical simulations of the model equations in the fully nonlinear regime reveal the existence of pulse trains, the amplitudes of which are enhanced by the radiative recombination processes. Numerical results for the density of the induced electron plasma feature two distinct regimes of time evolution, depending on the strength of the electron–hole radiative recombination processes.
Dietary interventions to prevent high-fructose diet–associated worsening of colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice
Authors: Nishiguchi Ryohei , Basu Srijani , Staab Hannah A , Ito Naotake , Zhou Xi Kathy , Wang Hanhan , Ha Taehoon , Johncilla Melanie , Yantiss Rhonda K , Montrose David C , Dannenberg Andrew J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Diet is believed to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. High consumption of dietary fructose has been shown to exacerbate experimental colitis, an effect mediated through the gut microbiota. This study evaluated whether dietary alterations could attenuate the detrimental effects of a high-fructose diet (HFrD) in experimental colitis. First, we determined whether the procolitic effects of a HFrD could be reversed by switching mice from a HFrD to a control diet. This diet change completely prevented HFrD-induced worsening of acute colitis, in association with a rapid normalization of the microbiota. Second, we tested the effects of dietary fiber, which demonstrated that psyllium was the most effective type of fiber for protecting against HFrD-induced worsening of acute colitis, compared with pectin, inulin, or cellulose. In fact, supplemental psyllium nearly completely prevented the detrimental effects of the HFrD, an effect associated with a shift in the gut microbiota. We next determined whether the protective effects of these interventions could be extended to chronic colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Using the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate model, we first demonstrated that HFrD feeding exacerbated chronic colitis and increased colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Using the same dietary changes tested in the acute colitis setting, we also showed that mice were protected from HFrD-mediated enhanced chronic colitis and tumorigenesis, upon either diet switching or psyllium supplementation. Taken together, these findings suggest that high consumption of fructose may enhance colon tumorigenesis associated with long-standing colitis, an effect that could be reduced by dietary alterations.
Complete Genome Sequences of Chesapeake Bay Synechococcus Strains CBW1002 and CBW1006 Isolated in Winter
Authors: Fucich Daniel , Xu Yongle , Sosa Ana , Jia Yufeng , Zhang Rui , Jiao Nianzhi , Chen Feng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Synechococcus are picocyanobacteria with a cosmopolitan distribution. They are capable of surviving in a wide variety of environmental conditions. Synechococcus have been isolated from the Chesapeake Bay during winter months, and they show an impressive tolerance to cold temperatures. Cold-adapted Synechococcus are unique and diverse, as they have complex phylogenetic lineages closely related to subalpine cluster II, Bornholm Sea cluster, CB7 cluster, and some novel lineages which are independent from summer estuarine strains in subcluster 5.2. CBW1002 and CBW1006 are the first complete genomes to represent Bornholm Sea cluster Synechococcus strains. They have some of the largest genomes among the Synechococcus (3.8 Mb) and share many unique and cryptic homologs which could give insight into their ability to tolerate such cold and dynamic conditions in the Chesapeake Bay estuary.
The relationship betweenVs, Vp, density and depth based on PS-logging data at K-NET and KiK-net sites
Authors: Nagashima Fumiaki , Kawase Hiroshi 
Published: January 2021

SUMMARYP-wave velocity (Vp) is an important parameter for constructing seismic velocity models of the subsurface structures by using microtremors and earthquake ground motions or any other geophysical exploration data. In order to reflect the ground survey information in Japan to the Vp structure, we investigated the relationships among Vs, Vp and depth by using PS-logging data at all K-NET and KiK-net sites. Vp values are concentrated at around 500 and 1500 m s–1 when Vs is lower than 1000 m s–1, where these concentrated areas show two distinctive characteristics of unsaturated and saturated soil, respectively. Many Vp values in the layer shallower than 4 m are around 500 m s–1, which suggests the dominance of unsaturated soil, while many Vp values in the layer deeper than 4 m are larger than 1500 m s–1, which suggests the dominance of saturated soil there. We also investigated those relationships for different soil types at K-NET sites. Although each soil type has its own depth range, all soil types show similar relationships among Vs, Vp and depth. Then, considering the depth profile of Vp, we divided the data set into two by the depth, which is shallower or deeper than 4 m and calculated the geometrical mean of Vp and the geometrical standard deviation in every Vs bins of 200 m s–1. Finally, we obtained the regression curves for the average and standard deviation of Vp estimated from Vs to get the Vp conversion functions from Vs, which can be applied to a wide Vs range. We also obtained the regression curves for two data sets with Vp lower and higher than 1200 m s–1. These regression curves can be applied when the groundwater level is known. In addition, we obtained the regression curves for density from Vs or Vp. An example of the application for those relationships in the velocity inversion is shown.
Derived Traces of Soergel Categories
Authors: Gorsky Eugene , Hogancamp Matthew , Wedrich Paul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe study two kinds of categorical traces of (monoidal) dg categories, with particular interest in categories of Soergel bimodules. First, we explicitly compute the usual Hochschild homology, or derived vertical trace, of the category of Soergel bimodules in arbitrary types. Secondly, we introduce the notion of derived horizontal trace of a monoidal dg category and compute the derived horizontal trace of Soergel bimodules in type $A$. As an application we obtain a derived annular Khovanov–Rozansky link invariant with an action of full twist insertion, and thus a categorification of the HOMFLY-PT skein module of the solid torus.
Two high-risk clones of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae that cause infections in pets and are present in the environment of a veterinary referral hospital
Authors: Brilhante Michael , Gobeli Brawand Stefanie , Endimiani Andrea , Rohrbach Helene , Kittl Sonja , Willi Barbara , Schuller Simone , Perreten Vincent 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Infections with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are an emerging problem in pets and a major threat to public health. We determined the genetic relationships among carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKp) strains causing infections in hospitalized pets in a veterinary clinic and those found in the environment.

Methods
WGS was performed with both the Illumina and Nanopore platforms. Searches of genetic features were performed using several databases and bioinformatics tools, and phylogeny was assessed by whole-genome MLST (wgMLST) using SeqSphere and SNP calling with Snippy.

Results
WGS analysis of the CPKp strains identified all environmental and almost all animal strains as the high-risk clone ST11, with the exception of two strains that belonged to ST307. All CPKp belonged to novel complex types (CTs) and carried a conjugative 63 kb IncL plasmid encoding the carbapenemase gene blaOXA-48, yersiniabactin and other virulence factors. Although all CPKp ST11 strains carried additional similar IncR plasmids harbouring multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), such as the plasmid-mediated blaDHA-1 AmpC gene, some structural variations were observed. The two ST307 strains carried identical 156 kb MDR IncFIB(K) plasmids with several ARGs, including the blaCTX-M-15 ESBL gene. Both wgMLST and cgSNP analysis confirmed that CPKp strains of the same ST were genetically highly related independent of the source of isolation.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that the clinical CPKp strains were highly related to those contaminating the clinical environment. These findings confirmed nosocomial spread and highlight veterinary hospitals as a source of CPKp, which may further spread to animals, the environment and humans.
Assessment of calciprotein particle formation by AUC of the absorbance change: effect of FYB-931, a novel bisphosphonate compound
Authors: Ishida Koichi , Ashizawa Naoki , Morikane Shota , Kurita Naoki , Kobashi Seiichi , Iwanaga Takashi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective
Ectopic calcification such as vascular calcification, involves the formation of calciprotein particle (CPP), that is, colloidal particle of calcium phosphate bound to serum protein. In this study, a novel parameter for CPP formation was introduced, thereby the effect of FYB-931, a bisphosphonate compound was evaluated.

Methods
CPP formation in rat serum was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) of the change in absorbance over time, and the commonly used T50, as indices. In vivo, the rats were treated with vitamin D3 to induce vascular calcification and then intravenously administered FYB-931 or etidronate thrice weekly for 2 weeks.

Key findings
In vitro, FYB-931 was the most potent inhibitor of CPP formation and it also inhibited the maximum response of CPP formation at higher concentrations. The AUC of the change in absorbance provided obvious dose-dependency, while T50 did not. FYB-931 dose-dependently prevented aortic calcification in vivo as well as CPP formation ex vivo more potently than etidronate. AUC showed a stronger correlation with the degree of aortic calcification than T50.

Conclusions
The AUC in CPP formation can be an alternative parameter that reflects calcification. Based on the findings, FYB-931 has potential as an anti-calcifying agent.
Moving to and fro between Arabidopsis and its crop relatives confirms the role of chromosome remodelling on meiotic recombination
Authors: Jenczewski Eric 
Published: January 2021

This article comments on:
Cuacos M, Lambing C, Pachon-Penalba M, Osman K, Armstrong SJ, Henderson IR, Sanchez-Moran E, Franklin FCH, Heckmann S. 2021. Meiotic chromosome axis remodelling is critical for meiotic recombination in Brassica rapa. Journal of Experimental Botany 72, 3012–3027.
Novel roles of an intragenic G-quadruplex in controlling microRNA expression and cardiac function
Authors: Zhu Min , Gao Juan , Lin Xian-Juan , Gong Yun-Yun , Qi Yan-Chao , Ma Yuan-Liang , Song Yuan-Xiu , Tan Wei , Li Fang-Yuan , Ye Min , Gong Jun , Cui Qing-Hua , Huang Zeng-Hui , Zhang You-Yi , Wang Xiu-Jie , Lan Feng , Wang Shi-Qiang , Yuan Gu , Feng Yue , Xu Ming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Simultaneous dysregulation of multiple microRNAs (miRs) affects various pathological pathways related to cardiac failure. In addition to being potential cardiac disease-specific markers, miR-23b/27b/24-1 were reported to be responsible for conferring cardiac pathophysiological processes. In this study, we identified a conserved guanine-rich RNA motif within the miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster that can form an RNA G-quadruplex (rG4) in vitro and in cells. Disruption of this intragenic rG4 significantly increased the production of all three miRs. Conversely, a G4-binding ligand tetrandrine (TET) stabilized the rG4 and suppressed miRs production in human and rodent cardiomyocytes. Our further study showed that the rG4 prevented Drosha-DGCR8 binding and processing of the pri-miR, suppressing the biogenesis of all three miRs. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated G4 deletion in the rat genome aberrantly elevated all three miRs in the heart in vivo, leading to cardiac contractile dysfunction. Importantly, loss of the G4 resulted in reduced targets for the aforementioned miRs critical for normal heart function and defects in the L-type Ca2+ channel-ryanodine receptor (LCC-RyR) coupling in cardiomyocytes. Our results reveal a novel mechanism for G4-dependent regulation of miR biogenesis, which is essential for maintaining normal heart function.
Holoparasitic plant–host interactions and their impact on Mediterranean ecosystems
Authors: Casadesús Andrea , Munné-Bosch Sergi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Although photosynthesis is essential to sustain life on Earth, not all plants use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. Holoparasitic plants, which are important in agricultural and natural ecosystems, are dependent on other plants for nutrients. Phytohormones are crucial in holoparasitic plant–host interactions, from seed germination to senescence, not only because they act as growth and developmental regulators, but also because of their central role in the regulation of host photosynthesis and source–sink relations between the host and the holoparasitic plant. Here, we compile and discuss current knowledge on the impact and ecophysiology of holoparasitic plants (such as the broomrapes Orobanche sp. and Phelipanche sp.) that infest economically important dicotyledonous crops in Mediterranean agroecosystems (legumes [Fabaceae], sunflowers [Helianthus sp.], or tomato [Solanum lycopersicum] plants). We also highlight the role of holoparasitic plant–host interactions (such as those between Cytinus hypocistis and various shrubs of the genus Cistus) in shaping natural Mediterranean ecosystems. The roles of phytohormones in controlling plant–host interactions, abiotic factors in parasitism, and the biological significance of natural seed banks and how dormancy and germination are regulated, will all be discussed. Holoparasitic plants are unique organisms; improving our understanding of their interaction with hosts as study models will help us to better manage parasitic plants, both in agricultural and natural ecosystems.