bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipase elevation in serum of COVID-19 patients: frequency, extent of increase and clinical value
Authors: Caruso Simone , Aloisio Elena , Dolci Alberto , Panteghini Mauro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Previous studies reported lipase elevations in serum of COVID-19 patients trying to establish a causal link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and pancreatic damage. However, the degree and prevalence of hyperlipasemia was not uniform across studies.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 1,092 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and at least one available lipase result. The number and frequency of patients with lipase above the upper reference limit (URL), >3 URL, and >6 URL were estimated. Correlations between lipase values and other biomarkers of organ or tissue damage were performed to identify possible extra-pancreatic sources of lipase release. The potential prognostic role of lipase to predict death and intensive care unit (ICU) admission during hospitalization was also evaluated.

Results
Lipase was >URL in 344 (31.5%) of COVID-19 patients. Among them, 65 (5.9%) and 25 (2.3%) had a peak lipase >3 URL and >6 URL, respectively. In the latter group, three patients had acute pancreatitis of gallstone or drug-induced etiology. In others, the etiology of lipase elevations appeared multifactorial and could not be directly related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. No correlation was found between lipase and other tested biomarkers of organ and tissue damage. Lipase concentrations were not different between survivors and non-survivors; however, lipase was significantly increased (p<0.001) in patients admitted to the ICU, even if the odds ratio for lipase as predictor of ICU admission was not significant.

Conclusions
Lipase was elevated in ∼1/3 of COVID-19 patients, but the clinical significance of this finding is unclear and irrelevant to patient prognosis during hospitalization.
PREOPERATIVE INTRAVENOUS ONDANSETRON VERSUS EPHEDRINE FOR INTRAOPERATIVE HEMODYNAMIC STABILITY IN CESAREAN SECTION UNDER SPINAL ANESTHESIA
Authors: Baram Awan , Fahmi Saman , Boujan Amir 
Published: October 2021

Background
Intra-operative hypotension is a common complication after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section due to sympathetic block and pooling of blood in the lower limbs by the effect of local anesthetic agent, this complication could be problematic for both the anesthesiologist and the surgeon which may increase perioperative morbidity of the parturient, many preventive measurements had been tried to prevent it but none of them were completely effective
Objectives
Comparison between intravenous ephedrine and ondansetron for intraoperative hemodynamic stability and frequency of vasopressor use in the cesarean section under spinal anesthesia
Methods
After Kurdistan Board for medical Specialties ethical committee approval a 120 consented parturients involved in this study, they were prepared for cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, ASA=II(American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status II), age between 18-45 year old. They were randomly divided into three groups equally, group (N) received 10ml normal saline; (group E) received 10mg IV ephedrine ; (group O ) received 8mg IV ondansetron immediately after spinal anesthesia, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, nausea and vomiting monitored perioperatively, Apgar score (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration) of the fetus and frequency of using vasopressor also recorded.
Results
One hundred twenty (120) term, singletons pregnant patient underwent spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section included in this study, there was no significant difference found between groups in term of blood pressure but those who received ephedrine have lesser incidence of bradycardia and needs less amount of vasopressor use also ondansetron group has less incidence of bradycardia
Conclusion
Prophylactic ephedrine or ondansetron is given for spinal anesthesia in elective cesarean delivery have no significant effect on maternal blood pressure, ephedrine reduced the number of patients who require vasoconstrictor and atropine, ondansetron reduces the need for atropine during operation.
COMPARISON BETWEEN TOPICAL APPLICATION OF TRANEXAMIC ACID AND ERYTHROMYCIN IN THE TREATMENT OF ROSACEA
Authors: Qader Gulala 
Published: October 2021

Background
Rosacea is a common, chronic relapsing disease, characterized by erythema, telangiectasias, inflammatory papule, and pustule mainly on the mid-face for which many therapies may exist but with limited efficacy. Tranexamic acid is an anti-fibrinolytic drug that acts by inhibiting the action of plasmin and is mainly used to reduce bleeding. Erythromycin is one of the macrolide antibiotics that acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and in addition to this action it has an immune modulatory effect.
Objectives
To evaluate the effects of tranexamic acid solution in the treatment of rosacea and compare it with erythromycin gel.
Methods
In this study, thirty (30) patients were included, twenty-three patients were women and 7 of them were men, their ages ranged between 28-50 years old with signs and symptoms of rosacea. The patients were grouped into 2 groups; the first group was treated with a derma pen simultaneously with a tranexamic acid solution (Transamin inj/sol 500 mg/5ml) topical application followed by infused wet dressing for 15 minutes, every 7 days for five (5) sessions. The second group was treated with erythromycin gel twice daily for 5 weeks.
Results
At the end of the study all the patients were improved, the improvement was outlined according to the investigator Global Assessment of Rosacea Severity Score (IGA-RSS) and the use of clinical photos. There was a statistically significant improvement (2) units IGA-RSS for tranexamic acid group and (2,8) units for erythromycin gel.
Conclusion
A tranexamic acid solution is a safe, simple, and cheap treatment option for rosacea. It is also as effective as an erythromycin antibiotics to relieve the symptoms of rosacea.
NORMAL TYMPANOMETRIC WIDTH IN SULAYMANIYAH GOVERNORATE - KURDISTAN REGION- IRAQ
Authors: Baban Muaid , Mahmood Tebin , Al-Hayani Salah 
Published: October 2021

Background
Tympanometry is the objective dynamic measurement of acoustic admittance of the middle ear cleft as a function of changes in air pressure in the external ear canal. Tympanometric width (TW) is the width of the tympanogram in daPa measured at half of the height from the peak to tail specify that the tail value is to be estimated from the tympanogram at +200 daPa.
Objectives
To evaluate the normal TW in the Sulaymaniyah governorate.
Materials and Methods
It is a prospective comparative clinical study undertaken in Kurdistan audiology center & pediatric teaching hospital in Sulaymaniyah governorate. Tympanometry test utilized for normal hearing participants after exclusion associated ear diseases. The clients were included after taken informed consent, divided into two groups according to their age, group A; age (2-7) years, group B; age (8-60) years. Then the clinical data retrieved from the tympanogram results and statistical analysis were done.
Results
268 patients of either sex (128 males & 140 females) included in the study, there were higher width values in (2-7 years) age group in comparison with (8-20 years) age group with a p < 0.001, which is statistically significant.
Conclusion
The data generated in this study provide the beginnings of a normal database for the Sulaymaniyah governate population. TW 210 daPa and 175 daPa in normal population age groups of (2-7 years) and (8-60 years) respectively, considered as abnormal. Although there were no interaural or gender differences in TW, further future work in all age levels is advocated.
Plant-based Natural Products for Wound Healing: A Critical Review
Authors: Chandrasekar Moola Joghee Nanjan , Ramalingam Shalini , Nanjan Moola Joghee 
Published: October 2021

:
Wound healing is an intricate process consisting of four overlapping phases, namely hemostasis,
inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. Effective treatment of wounds depends upon
the interaction of appropriate cell types, cell surface receptors, and the extracellular matrix with
the therapeutic agents. Several approaches currently used for treating wounds, such as advanced
wound dressing, growth factor therapy, stem cell therapy, and gene therapy, are not very effective
and lead to impaired healing. Further, repeated use of antibiotics to treat open wounds leads to multi-
drug resistance. Today there is considerable interest in plant-based drugs as they are believed to
be safe, inexpensive, and more suitable for chronic wounds. For example, a large number of plant-
based extracts and their bioactive compounds have been investigated for wound healing. In recent
years the structural and mechanistic diversity of natural products have become central players in
the search for newer therapeutic agents. In the present review, a thorough critical survey of the traditionally
used plant-based drugs used worldwide for wound healing with special reference to the
natural products/bioactive compounds isolated and screened is presented. It is hoped that this review
will attract the attention of the research community involved in newer drug design and development
for wound healing.
An Improved Blow-Up Criterion for the Magnetohydrodynamics with the Hall and Ion-Slip Effects
Authors: Gala S. , Ragusa M. A. 
Published: October 2021

In this work, we consider the magnetohydrodynamics system with the Hall and ion-slip effects in R3. The main result is a sufficient condition for regularity on a time interval [0,T] expressed in terms , of the norm of the homogeneous Besov space B˙,0{\dot{B}_{\infty,\infty}^0} with respect to the pressure and the BMO-norm with respect to the gradient of the magnetic field, respectively
∫0T(‖Δπ(t)‖B˙∞,∞02/3+‖ΔB(t)‖BMO2)dt∞{\int_{0}^{T} ({\| \Delta \pi(t)\|}^{2/3}_{\dot{B}_{\infty,\infty}^0} + {\| \Delta B (t)\|}^{2}_{BMO} ) dt
Centralisation in one step. Centralisation and decentralisation in Hungary from a public services perspective
Authors: Kákai László 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
It is very difficult to group countries and state structures according to the extent of their decentralisation or the model they follow in the spatial distribution of power.
The strengthening of local municipalities and the almost continuous evolution of their role reflects the steady downsizing of public services provided by the state and the extension of market circumstances. Until the economic crisis in 2008, the importance of state redistribution increased in almost each of the developed countries, more and more nation state functions were centralised under the authority of international organisations, and the “curtailment” of national governments’ authority occurred in tandem with the strengthening of the local state, i.e. municipalities.
The study exploring the issue of centralisation and decentralisation does not seek to unearth the relationship between the two concepts, but to examine from the point of view of consumer satisfaction how such a hastily implemented reform is able to respond to consumer demands.
It also examines how those concerned by the financial and political changes, i.e. the population perceived this most important structural transformation of the period since the transition in 1989. Can it be verified from the consumers’ point of view that the transformation of the local municipal system improves the quality of service provision? The study reviews the process and social reception of the largest-scale administrative reform in Hungary post-1989 (with a primary focus on public services) using data from an extensive survey (representative of settlement type and sociode-mographic variables).
Intuição na Matemática. Sobre a função da Variação Eidética nas Provas Matemáticas
Authors: Lohmar Dieter 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the author presents Husserl’s method of eidetic varition. He starts with an analysis of how the method works in the case of empirical types corresponding to objects of everyday life, and he stress the results of its application, namely the gathering of a priori, apodictic knowledge about essences. The author examines the way this method can be applied to what Husserl called the material mathematics, for instance, Euclidean geometry. Finally, he addresses the main question regarding the possibility of using eidetic variation, and eidetic intuition, in formal mathematics. Análysing one example of a formal proof, he concludes that eideitic variation procedures are still at work in this realm. Precisely in the “implicit variation” that allows the mathematician to reason about any number whatsoever when developing is formal proofs, for instance, about any concrete natural number, when proving a theorem about N.
Polish National Publishing Initiatives after 1918
Authors: Sieradz Małgorzata 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The revival of an independent Polish state in 1918 was conducive not only to the emergence of a new national administration or a sense of national community, but also to the establishment of new entities in science and culture, and, consequently, actions focused on Polishness and promotion of national values. Such new initiatives were based on the activities of scholars, artists and intellectuals, who had existed as a milieu before, but who either operated on a local scale or were entangled in international structures, usually remaining on their peripheries. Projects carried out in new conditions – in the now free country – often with the support of government institutions could promote the national heritage in various forms and on a large scale.
In addition to research-related objectives, young Polish musicology also sought to popularise and disseminate Poland’s musical heritage in a variety of ways: 1) by publishing, as part as of sheet music series, sources for the study of the history of Polish music; 2) new critical editions of well-known oeuvres; 3) supporting the work of young Polish composers by publishing the scores of their compositions through publishing houses set up especially for the purpose; or 4) creating fora for the exchange of scholarly reflections and for presentation of the results of research conducted by a growing number of scholars educated at Polish universities. All this with the slogans of “national pride” and “national duty” the fulfilment of which was to help with catching up and making up for the losses caused by the absence of Poland as a state for over one hundred years.
This led to initiatives by the newly emerging milieu of Polish musicologists seeking to promote the historical legacy of Polish music as well as the achievements of contemporary composers: the series “Early Polish Music”, a project to publish a complete critical edition of Fryderyk Chopin’s works, series of the Polish Music Publishing Society intended for young composers, or periodicals promoting articles on Polish subjects (Kwartalnik Muzyczny, Muzyka, Muzyka Polska, Polski Rocznik Muzykologiczny and others).
Clinical significance of single nucleotide missense-mutation rs950880 of the IL1RL1 gene in patients with essential hypertension
Authors: Bahrij D. A. 
Published: October 2021

Modern cardiology requires the search for specific pathogenetically involved gene mutations, the consequences of which can be considered in the management of patients with hypertension. Scientists are targeting C/A polymorphism at the rs950880 position, which is associated with tissue expression of the IL1RL1 gene and the plasma level of soluble ST2 – a new biomarker in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of rs950880 polymorphism of the IL1RL1 gene and the state of central and intracardiac hemodynamics in men with essential hypertension (EН) of varying severity, residents of the Podillia region of Ukraine. 170 men who met the inclusion criteria were examined according to a standard protocol, which included clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations in accordance with current recommendations. The subjects were divided into a control group of 70 men without cardiovascular disease and a study group of 50 men with asymptomatic EН and 50 people with EH complicated by IIA stage chronic heart failure (CHF). Genotyping of SNP rs950880 of the IL1RL1 gene was performed using an allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. All men in the control group and the study group underwent echocardiography with Doppler according to the standard protocol. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed in the package Statistica 12.0 using conjugation tables analysis, analysis of variance. It was found that among men living in Vinnytsia, Ukraine, carriers of СС and CA SNP rs950880 of the IL1RL1 gene dominate (42.35 % and 45.30 % of individuals, respectively), AA homozygotes are significantly less common (12.53 %, p<0.05). Men without cardiovascular diseases and patients with EH do not differ significantly in the frequency of different variants of the genotype of the studied gene. C\A polymorphism is not associated with the risk of EН. The homozygotes AA with EH have a significantly lower LV myocardial mass index (LVMMI) (69.14±6.90 g/m2.7, compared with homozygotes CC – 75.42±2.54 g/m2.7, and heterozygotes CA – 76.96±3.18 g/m2.7, p<0.05). Among the carriers of the C allele, an "unfavorable" EН phenotype is mainly formed in the form of a high risk of LV hypertrophy (OR=11.36, 95 % СI=0.63-24.76, χ2=14.32, p=0.0008). Homozygotes AA in the rs950880 locus of the IL1RL1 gene, on the contrary, have a low probability of developing LV hypertrophy (OR=0.80, 95 % SI=0.02-0.42, χ2=14.32, p=0.0008) and its preserved systolic function. Thus, the SNP rs950880 of the IL1RL1 gene is not associated with the risk of EH or its severity in residents of Vinnytsia, Ukraine. Carriage of the C allele is accompanied by the formation of an "unfavorable" EH phenotype with a significantly high risk of LV hypertrophy.
Human Ocular Thelaziasis: A Case Report
Authors: Pal Anjila , Atreya Alok , Maharjan Nabina , Mahat Monika , Bom Rabin 
Published: October 2021

Thelaziasis is a zoonotic disease which affects the eye of domestic and wild carnivores caused by the nematode Thelazia. It is transmitted to humans by secretophagous arthropod-borne zoophilic nonbiting flies of the family Drosophilidae. Human thelaziasis is rare and occurs in poor socio-economic families of the rural locations where people live in close proximity with animals. A one and halfyear-old was presented to the outpatient ophthalmology clinic after her mother noticed a whitish, thread-like worm in her right eye. A total of four worms were mechanically removed from her right eye. All the collected worms were gravid female nematodes of Thelazia species. The present case of human ocular thelaziasis from Palpa, Nepal is presented for its rarity.
The Impact of Innovative Marketing on the Organization's Reputation by Mediating the Brand _ Field Research in the Oil Marketing Company (SOMO)
Authors: Jawad Aya Shaheen , Jatheer Saadoun Hammoud 
Published: October 2021

The research aims to verify that there is an influence between innovative marketing and the organization's reputation by brand mediation.
The research problem is that the Oil Marketing Company (SOMO) needs innovative, unconventional methods in marketing its products and improving its reputation by adopting a solid brand that adds value to the product.
The importance of the research: The importance of the research is highlighted as it deals with essential variables in business organizations that help increase customer loyalty by adopting a distinctive brand.
The research started from four main hypotheses to explore correlations and influence between research variables.
The answers of the research sample, which included (221) male and female employees of the Oil Marketing Company (SOMO), were analyzed.
Data and information were collected using the questionnaire, personal interviews, as well as the field presence of the researcher, and the data were analyzed using the statistical program (SPSS v.24, AMOS v.23) and a set of statistical methods such as factor analysis, the arithmetic mean, and the standard deviation, Coefficient of variation, correlation coefficient (person), simple linear regression equation, and Soble's test.
The study sample members agreed in their answers with a good evaluation level about the innovation marketing variable, especially product innovation and pricing innovation, which explains this result that the SOMO oil company management seeks to adopt multiple marketing methods to increase its oil sales at the local and global levels
The Importance of Liquidity and Profitability in Enhancing the Banking Value in Private Banks for the Period 2016 - 2019
Authors: Wadi Mohamed Hassan , Dhaireb Mohamed Samir 
Published: October 2021

The article aims to study the liquidity that is required to be provided optimally and the profitability that is required to be achieved by the bank, and the impact of both of them on the value of the bank, and their effect of both liquidity and profitability on the value of the bank. Hence, the research problem emerged, which indicates the extent of the effect of liquidity and profitability on the value of the bank. The importance of the research stems from the main role that commercial banks play in the economy of a country. This requires the need to identify liquidity in a broad way and its most important components, and how to measure it. For the purpose of avoiding liquidity risks, liquidity should be managed by urging the bank to adopt good liquidity management and to achieve the profits that the bank wants to achieve by employing the liquidity available to it. It represents an important factor for increasing profits and increasing the confidence of shareholders and depositors; thus, maximizing the wealth of shareholders and the bank's wealth and, hence, raising the bank value. Consequently, this article is based on a main hypothesis that "there is no effect of profitable and liquidity on the bank value". This in turn is divided into two sub-hypotheses as follows:
H1. There is no effect of quick liquidity on the bank value.
H2. There is no effect of the return on deposits on the bank value
In order to achieve the objectives and hypotheses of the study, the mathematical indicators were studied and analyzed to find the relationship between the variables and the effect according to statistical methods, where the research used the a simple regression statistical method, Is used by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and the quantitative measures, which included such indicators as the quick liquidity indicators to measure liquidity, the return on deposits to measure profitability, and Tobin's Q bank value measurement. The research sample consisted of four private banks (Middle East Bank, Gulf Bank, Al-Ahli Bank and Bank of Baghdad) for the period from 2016 to 2019. The most important conclusions reached by the research were the lack of effect of both the liquidity and profitability on the value of the bank. The research gave a number of recommendations, the most important of which is to urge banks to reduce the excess liquidity ratios and exploit them in different investment fields, as well as to go towards resources that achieve higher profitability rates than others that are characterized by their low cost. The research also recommended not to keep excess liquidity ratios at a high rate because of their effect on the profitability that the bank seeks to achieve