bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First record of margay (Leopardus wiedii) in cloud forest of Guatemala
Authors: Moreira-Ramírez José Fernando , García-Anleu Rony , Ponce-Santizo Gabriela , Mérida Melvin 
Published: April 2021

El margay (Leopardus wiedii) es un felino Neotropical de tamaño pequeño a mediano clasificado como en peligro de extinción en Guatemala. Para detectar especies sigilosas o de hábitos nocturnos en ambientes tropicales se ha recomendado utilizar métodos no invasivos. En este trabajo, presentamos el primer registro fotográfico de margay en el Biotopo Universitario Mario Dary Rivera para la Conservación del Quetzal, departamento de Baja Verapaz, utilizando trampas cámara. Este registro representa la observación a mayor altitud para esta especie en bosques nubosos de Guatemala. Utilizamos 7 trampas cámara, 4 LeafRiver™ modelo C-1BU con cámara Canon© Sure Shot Owl y 3 DeerCam (860 Park Lane, Park Falls WI 54551). Las trampas cámara fueron instaladas durante 16 días consecutivos (21 de febrero al 8 de marzo de 2008) y fueron programadas para obtener fotografías con la hora y fecha impresa. Con un esfuerzo total de 110 trampas/noche, obtuvimos un registro de margay en una trampa cámara en bosque nuboso, confirmando la presencia de este felino a 1,770 m. Este registro fotográfico es la primera evidencia confirmada de la presencia de margay en el bosque nuboso del Biotopo Universitario Mario Dary Rivera para la Conservación del Quetzal, a 3.3 km al sureste del poblado municipal de Purulhá. Recomendamos la implementación de programas de monitoreo a largo plazo utilizando trampas cámara dentro del área, con el objetivo de investigar especies esquivas con hábitos crepusculares, nocturnos, para promover estrategias de conservación.
Emissions in short-gated ns/ps/fs-LIBS for fuel-to-air ratio measurements in methane-air flames
Authors: Gragston Mark , Hsu Paul , Jiang Naibo , Roy Sukesh , Zhang Zhili 
Published: April 2021

A study of short-gated 10 nanosecond (ns), 100 picosecond (ps), and 100 femtosecond (fs) laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was conducted for fuel-to-air ratio (FAR) measurements in an atmospheric Hencken flame. The intent of the work is to understand which emission lines are available near the optical range in each pulse width regime and which emission ratios may be favorable for generating equivalence ratio calibration curves. The emission spectra in the range of 550–800 nm for ns-LIBS and ps-LIBS are mostly similar with slightly elevated atomic oxygen lines by ps-LIBS. Spectra from fs-LIBS show the lowest continuum background and prominent individual atomic lines, though have significantly weaker ionic emission from nitrogen. A qualitative explanation based on assumed local thermodynamic equilibrium and electron temperatures calculated by the

N

I
I

(

565

n
m

)

and

N

I
I

(

594

n
m

)

emissions is presented. In studying line emission ratios for FAR calculation, it is found that

H

α

(

656

n
m

)

/

N

I
I

(

568

n
m

)

is best for FAR measurements with ns-LIBS and remains viable for ps-LIBS, while

H

α

(

656

n
m

)

/

O

I

(

777

n
m

)

is optimal for the ps-LIBS and fs-LIBS cases. Due to low continuum background and short time delay for spectra collection, fs-LIBS is very promising for high-speed FAR measurements using short-gated LIBS.
Optical design for laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy setups for increased sensitivity and flexible spatial detection
Authors: Dahlberg Tobias , Andersson Magnus 
Published: April 2021

We demonstrate a method to double the collection efficiency in laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy (LTRS) by collecting both the forward-scattered and backscattered light in a single-shot multitrack measurement. Our method can collect signals at different sample volumes, granting both the pinpoint spatial selectivity of confocal Raman spectroscopy and the bulk sensitivity of non-confocal Raman spectroscopy simultaneously. Further, we display that our approach allows for reduced detector integration time and laser power. To show this, we measure the Raman spectra of both polystyrene beads and bacterial spores. For spores, we can trap them at 2.5 mW laser power and acquire a high signal-to-noise ratio power spectrum of the calcium-dipicolinic acid peaks using an integration time of

2

×

30

s

. Thus, our method will enable the monitoring of biological samples sensitive to high intensities for longer times. Additionally, we demonstrate that by a simple modification, we can add polarization sensitivity and retrieve extra biochemical information.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus human-to-human transmission
Authors: Fang Xinyu , Hu Jianli , Peng Zhihang , Dai Qigang , Liu Wendong , Liang Shuyi , Li Zhifeng , Zhang Nan , Bao Changjun 
Published: April 2021

Background
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) was listed as one of the most severe infectious disease by world health organization in 2017. It can mostly be transmitted by tick bite, while human-to-human transmission has occurred on multiple occasions. This study aimed to explore the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and make risk analysis of SFTS human-to-human transmission.

Methods
Descriptive and spatial methods were employed to illustrate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of SFTS human-to-human transmission. The risk of SFTS human-to-human transmission was accessed through secondary attack rate (SAR) and basic reproductive number (R0). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the associated risk factors.

Results
A total of 27 clusters of SFTS human-to-human transmission were reported in China and South Korea during 1996–2019. It mainly occurred among elder people in May, June and October in central and eastern China. The secondary cases developed milder clinical manifestation and better outcome than the index cases. The incubation period was 10.0 days (IQR:8.0–12.0), SAR was 1.72%-55.00%, and the average R0 to be 0.13 (95%CI:0.11–0.16). Being blood relatives of the index case, direct blood/bloody secretion contact and bloody droplet contact had more risk of infection (OR = 6.35(95%CI:3.26–12.37), 38.01 (95%CI,19.73–73.23), 2.27 (95%CI,1.01–5.19)).

Conclusions
SFTS human-to-human transmission in China and South Korea during 1996–2019 had obvious spatio-temporal distinction. Ongoing assessment of this transmission risk is crucial for public health authorities though it continues to be low now.
Analysis of conflict of interest policies among organizations producing clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Brems J. Henry , Davis Andrea E. , Clayton Ellen Wright 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundConflicts of interest (COI) jeopardize the validity of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). When the Institute of Medicine promulgated COI policies in 2011, few organizations met these requirements, but it is unknown if organizations have improved their policies since that time. We sought to evaluate current adherence to IOM standards of COI policies.Methods and findingsWe conducted a retrospective document review of COI policies and CPGs from organizations that published five or more CPGs between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019. Organizations were identified via CPG databases. COI policies were obtained from an internet search. We collected data on i) the number of organizations that have COI policies specific to CPG development, ii) the number of policies meeting each IOM standard and iii) the number of IOM standards met by each policy. COI disclosures from five CPGs of each organization were assessed for adherence to IOM standards. Among the 46 organizations that published 5 or more CPGs, 36 (78%) had a COI policy. Standard 2.2b (requiring divestment of financial COI) was met least frequently, by 2 of 36 (6%) organizations. Standard 2.1 (requiring disclosure of COI) was met most frequently, by 33 of 36 (92%) organizations. A total of 31 of 36 (86%) organizations met 4 or fewer of the 7 IOM standards. Among the 16 organizations limiting COI to a minority of the CPG panel (standard 2.4c) and the 15 organizations prohibiting COI among chairs or co-chairs (standard 2.4d), 12 (75%) and 10 (67%) organizations violated the respective standard in at least one CPG. The main limitations of our study are the exclusion of organizations producing fewer CPGs and ability to assess only publicly available policies.ConclusionAmong organizations producing CPGs, COI policies frequently do not meet IOM standards, and organizations often violate their own policies. These shortcomings may undermine the public trust in and thus the utility of CPGs. CPG-producing organizations should improve their COI policies and their strategies to manage COI to increase the trustworthiness of CPGs.
Differences between 3D isovoxel fat suppression VIBE MRI and CT models of proximal femur osseous anatomy: A preliminary study for bone tumor resection planning
Authors: Chee Choong Guen , Chung Hye Won , Kim Wanlim , Yoon Min A. , Shin So Myoung , Kim Guk Bae 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
To evaluate the osseous anatomy of the proximal femur extracted from a 3D-MRI volumetric interpolated breath-hold (VIBE) sequence using either a Dixon or water excitation (WE) fat suppression method, and to measure the overall difference using CT as a reference standard.

Material and methods
This retrospective study reviewed imaging of adult patients with hip pain who underwent 3D hip MRI and CT. A semi-automatically segmented CT model served as the reference standard, and MRI segmentation was performed manually for each unilateral hip joint. The differences between Dixon-VIBE-3D-MRI vs. CT, and WE-VIBE-3D-MRI vs. CT, were measured. Equivalence tests between Dixon-VIBE and WE-VIBE models were performed with a threshold of 0.1 mm. Bland–Altman plots and Lin’s concordance-correlation coefficient were used to analyze the agreement between WE and Dixon sequences. Subgroup analyses were performed for the femoral head/neck, intertrochanteric, and femoral shaft areas.

Results
The mean and maximum differences between Dixon-VIBE-3D-MRI vs. CT were 0.2917 and 3.4908 mm, respectively, whereas for WE-VIBE-3D-MRI vs. CT they were 0.3162 and 3.1599 mm. The mean differences of the WE and Dixon methods were equivalent (P = 0.0292). However, the maximum difference was not equivalent between the two methods and it was higher in WE method. Lin’s concordance-correlation coefficient showed poor agreement between Dixon and WE methods. The mean differences between the CT and 3D-MRI models were significantly higher in the femoral shaft area (P = 0.0004 for WE and P = 0.0015 for Dixon) than in the other areas. The maximum difference was greatest in the intertrochanteric area for both techniques.

Conclusion
The difference between 3D-MR and CT models were acceptable with a maximal difference below 3.5mm. WE and Dixon fat suppression methods were equivalent. The mean difference was highest at the femoral shaft area, which was off-center from the magnetization field.
Nutritional status, dementia, and mobility among nursing home’s residents: First exhaustive cross-sectional study in Limousin territory (France)
Authors: Fayemendy Philippe , Mabiama Gustave , Vernier Thibault , Massoulard-Gainant Aude , Villemonteix Carole , Desport Jean-Claude , Jésus Pierre 
Published: April 2021

Background
Aging is accompanied by a drop in the level of health and autonomy, within Western countries more and more people being cared for in nursing homes (NH). The nutritional data in NH in France remain poor, not exhaustive and not representative. The objective of the study was to assess the nutritional status, dementia and mobility patterns among residents of NH in the Limousin territory of France.

Methods
The study was cross-sectional, descriptive and exhaustive, conducted with the residents of 13 voluntary NH. Undernutrition was identified using French High Authority for Health criteria, and obesity if Body Mass Index >30, in the absence undernutrition criterion. The Mini Mental State examination scores was used for dementia assessment at the threshold of 24. The Mini Nutritional AssessmentTM was used for mobilitity assessment. The statistics were significant at the 5% threshold.

Results
866 residents (70.6% women) included with an average age of 85.3 ± 9.3 years. Undernutrition was 27.5%, obesity 22.9%, dementia 45.7% and very low mobility 68.9%. Women were older than men, more often undernourished, more often demented and more often had very low mobility (p<0.01). Undernutrition (p<0.0001) and low mobility (p<0.0001) were significantly higher among those with dementia versus those without dementia. Very low mobility was higher among undernourished (p<0.05).

Conclusions
Undernutrition and obesity are important problems in NH in France. Being a woman, having dementia and having a very low mobility may induce undernutrition.
The factors affecting the physical development of neonates in pregnant women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhao Xiaodi , Li Nana , Jia Runping , Chen Shumin , Wang Ling 
Published: April 2021

Objectives
To explore the factors affecting neonatal physical development in pregnant women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods
The subjects were selected from the pregnant woman giving birth in 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, from November 2015 to May 2016. The age, occupation, education level, gestational age, body weight before pregnancy, body weight at delivery, body height, delivery pattern, GDM status of pregnant women and neonatal gender, birth weight (BW), chest circumference (CC), head circumference (HC) and birth length (BL) were collected through medical records and questionnaires. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and studied.

Results
The significant differences were found between women with GDM and without GDM in following neonatal variables (P<0.05): BW, CC, and HC. GDM status increased the incidence of macrosomia (OR = 2.241, 95% CI: 1.406–3.573), large CC (OR = 2.470, 95% CI: 1.687–3.6153). Gestational weight gain (GWG) above IOM guideline was risk factor for macrosomia (OR = 1.763, 95% CI:1.098–2.833), large HC (OR = 1,584, 95% CI: 1.093–2.296) and large CC (OR = 1.707, 95% CI:1.163–2.506). Underweight was risk factor for short BL (OR = 2.543, 95% CI:1.161–5.571) and small CC (OR = 1.901, 95% CI:1.064–3.394). Female neonate was prone to appear short BL(OR = 2.831, 95% CI: 1.478–5.422) and small HC (OR = 2.750, 95% CI: 1.413–5.350), and not likely to macrosomia (OR = 0.538, 95% CI: 0.343–0.843), longer BL (OR = 0.584, 95% CI: 0.401–0.850), large HC (OR = 0.501, 95% CI: 0.352–0.713), and (OR = 0.640, 95% CI: 0.446–0.917). For women with GDM, gestational age was an risk factor of neonatal BW (low BW: OR = 0.207, 95% CI: 0.085–0.503; macrosomia: OR = 1.637, 95% CI: 1.177–2.276), BL (short BL: OR = 0.376, 95% CI: 0.241–0.585; long BL: OR = 1.422, 95% CI: 1.054–1.919), HC (small HC: OR = 0.343, 95% CI: 0.202–0.583; large HC: OR = 1.399, 95% CI: 1.063–1.842) and CC (small CC: OR = 0.524, 95% CI: 0.374–0.733; large CC: OR = 1.485, 95% CI: 1.138–1.936).

Conclusions
In our study, gestational age, GDM status, neonatal gender, GWG and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) are associated the abnormal physical development of neonates. In women with GDM, gestational age was correlate with neonatal abnormal physical developments.
Assessment of preventive behavior and associated factors towards COVID-19 in Qellam Wallaga Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Gutu Birhanu , Legese Genene , Fikadu Nigussie , Kumela Birhanu , Shuma Firafan , Mosisa Wakgari , Regassa Zelalem , Shiferaw Yoseph , Tesfaye Lata , Yohannes Buli , Palanimuthu Kogila , Birhanu Zewudie , Shiferaw Desalegn 
Published: April 2021

Background
The world is being challenged by the COVID-19 outbreak that resulted in a universal concern and economic hardship. It is a leading public health emergency across the globe in general and developing countries in particular. Strengthening good preventive behavior is the best way to tackle such pandemics.

Objective
The study assessed preventive behavior and associated factors towards COVID-19 among residents of Qellam Wallaga Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2020.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected by interview and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Binomial logistic regression was used to test the association between the variables. An Adjusted Prevalence with 95% CI was used to express the associations and interpret the findings.

Results
Among 634 participants, 417(65.8%) were from urban residences, and 347 (54.7%) belongs to a female. Age ranges 18 years through 87 years. Only 68(10.7%) participants showed good preventive behavior for COVID-19. The majority of them (84.7%) perceived that the disease is very dangerous and 450(71.0%) of them believe that they are at high risk. More than 17% of the respondents have sufficient knowledge. Respondents with sufficient knowledge about COVID-19 were about 2 times more likely to exercise good preventive behavior compare to those with insufficient knowledge, [(APR: 2.1; 95% CI: [1.2, 3.9)]. The urban residents was 3.3 more than that of rural residents to practice good preventive behavior, [(APR: 3.3; 95% CI: [1.6, 6.4)]. Respondents who use social media as a source of information were more than 2 times more likely to have good preventive behavior compared to those who did not, [(APR: 2.3; 95% CI: [1.3, 3.4)].

Conclusion
Adoptions of COVID-19 preventive behavior in the study population is very low. Due emphasis should be given to rural residents. Risk communication activities should be strengthened through effective community engagement to slow down and stop the transmssion of the disease in the community.
Pengaruh Dimensi Mutu Pelayanan Keperawatan Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Mayong Jepara
Authors: Sumarni Titik , Sudiro Sudiro 
Published: April 2021

In PKU Muhammadiyah Mayong Jepara Hospital, in 3 years from 2013, 2014, and 2015 the number of patient dissatisfaction with nurse services was 20.5%, 22.6% and 25% respectively. According to Parasuraman et al. 5 dimensions of service quality that affect satisfaction are reliability, assurance, tangible, empathetic and responsiveness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the dimensions of nursing service quality on patient satisfaction in the Inpatient Installation of PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Mayong Jepara.This type of research is quantitative, with observational studies and uses a cross sectional approach. Data collection through surveys using a structured guided questionnaire in filling out questionnaires through interviews. The population of objects are 300 patients include 4 rooms. The inclusion criteria were patients who were returning home, the patient had been treated for 3 days, and the patient was 18 years old up to 60 years old. Exclusion criteria were VIP room patients, HCU chambers, isolation rooms, infants and children (less than 18 years), and elderly patients (over 60 years). The number of samples counted 75, the variables measured are 5 dimensions of service quality. Data were processed through univariate procedure with percentage, bivariate with pearson product momment.The results obtained from the responses of respondents in getting the lowest mean value is responsiveness, where all dimensions of service quality are related to patient satisfaction (p value <0.05). The strongest relationship is reliability.Recomendation: the nurse immediately handles the patient and provides quick response during the inpatient ward.
Schools of Empiricism
Authors: Friedolin Lingg Andreas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recent research emphasizes that empiricist approaches already emerged long before the seventeenth and eighteenth century. While many of these contributions focus on specific professions, it is the aim of this article to supplement this discourse by describing certain social spaces that fostered empiricist attitudes. A particularly interesting example in this respect is the mining region of the Erzgebirge (Saxony) in the fifteenth and sixteenth century. The following article will use this mining district as a kind of historical laboratory, as a space not only for scientific observation but also as a structure within which specific forms of knowledge were socially tested, to show how the economic transformation of this region supported the rise of characteristic elements of empiricist thinking. It is common practice to link the appraisal of useful knowledge, (personal) experience and the distrust towards (scholastic) authorities in those days with only small minorities. By addressing not only the struggles of the commercial elites but also the challenges faced by the average resident of a mining town, this paper tries to add to this view by demonstrating how entire masses of people inhabiting the late medieval Erzgebirge were affected by and schooled to think in empiricist ways.
Enervating the Divine: Seeking New Intuitions about God from a Time of Pandemic
Authors: Oberg Andrew 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has upended our planet in ways that could not have been foreseen. Yet even as the world has shifted, the “worlds” of our conceptual habitations have not, and this is particularly the case with regards to religious beliefs. It is from within this context that the present study seeks clarity. Beginning at the beginning, the paper sets out from a re-examination of the foundational creation myth of Western societies, and argues that a more careful reading of the actual presentation of that account, along with some situational explanations, results in an understanding of divinity that stresses neither omnipotence nor omniscience. The article then transitions to the importance of the notional in grounding and generating social behaviors, employing phenomenological and psychological research and analytical methods. Intuitions are seen to be central in the personally based methodology undertaken, and the conceptual–perceptional brace of the notion/event is offered as a theoretical construct. Finally, an attempt at application is made through a return to the earlier explication of a reduced idea of divinity, and subtle gestures at possibly resulting ethical calls are given. Although the virus has taken charge of our lives, and although even God/“God” might not be in absolute control, the “world” is yet ours to (re)make.
“Conversation is simply something to begin with”: Methodologische Herausforderungen durch Videodaten in der qualitativen Sozialforschung am Beispiel der Konversationsanalyse
Authors: Hitzler Sarah , Böhringer Daniela 
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung
Neue Datenformen fordern bestehende Forschungsansätze heraus, nicht nur technisch, sondern auch theoretisch-methodologisch. Eine der technischen Neuerungen, die in jüngerer Zeit starke Bewegung in die qualitative Forschung gebracht haben, ist die zunehmende Vereinfachung bei der Erstellung, Speicherung und Bearbeitung von Videomaterial. Der Artikel stellt zentrale Herausforderungen im Umgang mit solchen „bewegten Bildern“ und ihrer Transkription und Analyse dar. Diese spezifischen Herausforderungen (Detaillierungssog, Allwissenheit und zu starke bzw. mangelnde Befremdung im Umgang mit Datenmaterial) werden am Beispiel der Konversationsanalyse herausgearbeitet. Die Konversationsanalyse stellt eines der ältesten Forschungsprogramme innerhalb des qualitativen Methodenspektrums dar. An ihrem Beispiel lässt sich zeigen, wie stark „neue“ Datenformen auf ursprüngliche methodologische Grundannahmen rückwirken und sie en passant in Frage stellen. Im Artikel wird dafür plädiert, solche Veränderungen aktiv methodologisch zu diskutieren und sie nicht schleichend geschehen zu lassen.