bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibiting Hyper-O-GlcNAcylation of c-Myc accelerate diabetic wound healing by alleviating keratinocyte dysfunction
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Peilang , Liu Dan , Gao Min , Wang Jizhuang , Yu Tianyi , Zhang Xiong , Liu Yan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic foot ulcers characterized by delayed healing are one of the main complications of diabetes. Epidermal keratinocyte dysfunction has been found to play a pivotal role in the poor healing ability of diabetic wounds. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between c-Myc and its O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation) modification and keratinocyte dysfunction in diabetic wounds.MethodsClinical wound samples were collected and a full-thickness skin defect wound model of diabetic rats was established. Re-epithelialization of wounds was observed by H&E staining and expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, transglutaminase 1, loricrin, c-Myc and O-GlcNAc were measured by immunohistochemistry. The functional changes of proliferation, migration and differentiation of human immortalized epidermal cells (HaCaT) cells after overexpression or knockdown of c-Myc were observed. O-GlcNAcylation of c-Myc was confirmed using immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay. Stability of the c-Myc protein was measured using cycloheximide. Wound healing was observed after topical application of compounds that inhibited c-Myc or O-GlcNAc on diabetic wounds.ResultsKeratinocytes at the diabetic wound margin were characterized by active proliferation and division, slow migration and poor differentiation. Similar phenomena were observed in HaCaT cells cultured in 30 mM glucose and keratinocytes at the wound margin of the diabetic rats. The expression of c-Myc was increased in keratinocytes at the wound margin of diabetic rats, patients, and in HaCaT cells cultured with 30 mM glucose. Increased expression of c-Myc promoted the proliferation while inhibiting the migration and differentiation of the HaCaT cells, and inhibition of c-Myc promoted diabetic wound healing. Increased O-GlcNAcylation of c-Myc with 30 mM glucose stabilized the c-Myc proteins. Inhibition of O-GlcNAc ameliorated keratinocyte dysfunction and promoted diabetic wound healing.ConclusionsIncreased expression of c-Myc promoted abnormal proliferation and inhibited migration and differentiation of keratinocytes at the diabetic wound margin. Increased O-GlcNAcylation of c-Myc with 30 mM glucose stabilized the c-Myc proteins. Inhibition of c-Myc or O-GlcNAc alleviated delayed diabetic wound healing. These findings make c-Myc and O-GlcNAc potential therapeutic targets for diabetic wounds.
Evaluation and management of cancer patients presenting with acute cardiovascular disease: a Consensus Document of the Acute CardioVascular Care (ACVC) association and the ESC council of Cardio-Oncology—Part 1: acute coronary syndromes and acute pericardial diseases
Authors: Gevaert Sofie A , Halvorsen Sigrun , Sinnaeve Peter R , Sambola Antonia , Gulati Geeta , Lancellotti Patrizio , Van Der Meer Peter , Lyon Alexander R , Farmakis Dimitrios , Lee Geraldine , Boriani Giuseppe , Wechalekar Ashutosh , Okines Alicia , Asteggiano Riccardo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Advances in treatment, common cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and the ageing of the population have led to an increasing number of cancer patients presenting with acute CV diseases. These events may be related to the cancer itself or the cancer treatment. Acute cardiac care specialists must be aware of these acute CV complications and be able to manage them. This may require an individualized and multidisciplinary approach. We summarize the most common acute CV complications of cytotoxic, targeted, and immune-based therapies. This is followed by a proposal for a multidisciplinary approach where acute cardiologists work close together with the treating oncologists, haematologists, and radiation specialists, especially in situations where immediate therapeutic decisions are needed. In this first part, we further focus on the management of acute coronary syndromes and acute pericardial diseases in patients with cancer.
Emergency surgical retrieval of a migrated LAmbre device through the mitral valve
Authors: Martinez-Lopez Daniel , de Villarreal Soto Juan Esteban , Mosquera Victor Manuel Ospina , Gil Alberto Forteza 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Left atrial appendage occlusion has become an alternative for long-term anticoagulation for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Although the procedure is safe, life-threatening complications such as embolization of the device or cardiac tamponade might occur. We present a case of a LAmbre device that migrated 4 days after being implanted and remained trapped in the mitral valve. Secondary massive mitral regurgitation with severe stenosis and haemodynamic instability required emergency surgery. The device was successfully removed, but severe damage in the anterior leaflet and chords forced a valve replacement.
Longitudinal Associations Between Expectations of Receiving Care in the Future and Life Satisfaction Among Older Adults in Korea
Authors: Kim Jinho , Yoon Heesoo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Uncertainty about receiving care and assistance in the future has been increasing among older adults in Korea. This study examines whether expectations about receiving care from various sources (i.e., formal and/or filial caregivers) are related to life satisfaction among older adults in Korea.

Methods
Using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (N = 3,607, aged 65 or older), this study estimated fixed effects regression models to investigate longitudinal within-person associations between future care expectations and life satisfaction.

Results
The results of this study revealed that developing expectations of care from family caregivers is positively associated with life satisfaction. Beginning to expect care from nonfamily caregivers, however, is not associated with life satisfaction. When disaggregating different sources of care by family member type, expecting care from a spouse or daughter(s), but not son(s), is associated with higher life satisfaction. Gender-specific analyses showed that expecting care from daughter(s) is positively associated with life satisfaction among both men and women, whereas expectations of spousal care are associated with only men’s life satisfaction. This study also found suggestive but not conclusive evidence that an association between care expectations from family caregivers and life satisfaction is stronger among older adults with lower education.

Discussion
Reducing uncertainty about future care may improve older adults’ subjective well-being. Policymakers may consider policies and programs that support family care of the aged, and more fundamentally, encourage family involvement in the lives of older people.
A Role Theory Approach to Grand Strategy: Horizontal Role Contestation and Consensus in the Case of China
Authors: Demirduzen Cagla , Thies Cameron G 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper develops a framework for examining the grand strategies of great powers through the use of the role contestation literature. We first identify national role conceptions advocated by leaders and political factions, and then compare them to detect contestation between their favored foreign policy roles. We argue that long-term consensus on certain roles may coalesce into the enduring ingredients of grand strategies, while the existence of a high amount of role contestation between leaders and political factions over roles may suggest foreign policy is guided by more temporary foreign policy beliefs. We explore this argument through an illustrative case of contemporary China. Our findings identify substantial variation between the national role conceptions of China's leaders and their factions over time. Of particular note, we find that (1) President Xi Jinping seems to be experiencing a much higher amount of role contestation within the party on more nationalistic and aggressive roles than his predecessors, and (2) certain roles, such as developer, Tianxia, regional leadership, and internal developer, are very consistent among both leaders and their factions over time such that these roles can be considered as part of China's grand strategy. This study shows how role theory might inform the analysis of grand strategy by offering a means of observing enduring features of grand strategy that could be applied more broadly to other countries.
How Torture Fails: Evidence of Misinformation from Torture-Induced Confessions in Iraq
Authors: Einolf Christopher J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article examines the testimony of fifty-seven torture victims in Saddam Hussein's Iraq to illustrate the processes by which torture fails to gain true confessions or accurate information. Theoretical analyses have identified several ways in which torture is likely to fail, but this is the first study to examine empirically how this occurs. In the study sample, victims stated that torture frequently led to inaccurate results, with respondents who were guilty of anti-regime activity refusing to confess or give information, innocent victims giving false information and confessions, and guilty victims giving accurate information followed by inaccurate information when the torture continued. The majority of victims stated that they resisted torture and did not confess or give any information. They did so because they knew that the regime relied on confessions to get criminal convictions and because they knew that confessing or providing information would only lead to more torture.
How Is Criminal Punishment Forward-Looking?
Authors: Sifferd Katrina L 
Published: June 2021

AbstractForward-looking aims tend to play a much less significant role than retribution in justifying criminal punishment, especially in common law systems. In this paper I attempt to reinvigorate the idea that there are important forward-looking justifications for criminal law and punishment by looking to social theories of responsibility. I argue that the criminal law may be justified at the institutional level because it is a part of larger responsibility practices that have the effect of bolstering our reasons-responsiveness by making us sensitive to the potential reactive attitudes of a larger societal audience. I further claim that forward-looking effects may justify criminal law institutions even if retribution is the primary aim of assigning punishments to specific offenders.
Tuberculous Meningitis: Impact of Timing of Treatment Initiation on Mortality
Authors: Soria Jaime , Chiappe Alfredo , Gallardo Jorge , Zunt Joseph R , Lescano Andres G 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of adult hospitalized patients with confirmed tuberculous meningitis to determine the impact of the timing of treatment initiation on mortality. The mortality of tuberculous meningitis patients was high and was associated with delay in initiation of treatment, older age, HIV infection, and higher disease severity at admission.
Female Genital Schistosomiasis and HIV-1 Incidence in Zambian Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sturt Amy S , Webb Emily L , Phiri Comfort R , Mudenda Maina , Mapani Joyce , Kosloff Barry , Cheeba Maina , Shanaube Kwame , Bwalya Justin , Kjetland Eyrun F , Francis Suzanna C , Corstjens Paul L A M , van Dam Govert J , van Lieshout Lisette , Hansingo Isaiah , Ayles Helen , Hayes Richard J , Bustinduy Amaya L 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) has been associated with prevalent HIV-1. We estimated the incidence of HIV-1 infection in Zambian women with and without FGS.

Methods
Women (aged 18–31, nonpregnant, sexually active) were invited to participate in this study in January–August 2018 at the final follow-up of the HPTN 071 (PopART) Population Cohort. HIV-1-negative participants at enrollment (n = 492) were included in this analysis, with testing to confirm incident HIV-1 performed in HPTN 071 (PopART). The association of incident HIV-1 infection with FGS (Schistosoma DNA detected by polymerase chain reaction [PCR] in any genital specimen) was assessed with exact Poisson regression.

Results
Incident HIV-1 infections were observed in 4.1% (20/492) of participants. Women with FGS were twice as likely to seroconvert as women without FGS but with no statistical evidence for a difference (adjusted rate ratio, 2.16; 95% CI, 0.21–12.30; P = .33). Exploratory analysis suggested an association with HIV-1 acquisition among women with ≥2 positive genital PCR specimens (rate ratio, 6.02; 95% CI, 0.58–34.96; P = .13).

Conclusions
Despite higher HIV seroconversion rates in women with FGS, there was no statistical evidence of association, possibly due to low power. Further longitudinal studies should investigate this association in a setting with higher schistosomiasis endemicity.
Temporal Changes in the Risk of Superspreading Events of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Lim Jun-Sik , Noh Eunbi , Shim Eunha , Ryu Sukhyun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To identify the temporal change in the possible risk of superspreading events, we estimated the overdispersion parameter in 2 different periods of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. We determined that the possible risk of superspreading events was reduced 90% during the second epidemic period in South Korea.
Cervical to Petrous Carotid Artery High-Flow Bypass for Carotid Artery Pseudoaneurysm Through Zygomatic Approach: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Almefty Rami O , Al-Mefty Ossama 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pseudoaneurysms of the cervical internal carotid artery may generate grave risk from catastrophic rupture, thromboembolic stroke, or mass effect. They have many causes, including malignancy, infection, and iatrogenic and most commonly blunt or penetrating trauma.
1
These aneurysms require treatment to eliminate their risk. Treatment options include trapping, with or without revascularization, or endovascular stenting. Trapping without revascularization requires evaluation of the cerebral collateral under a physiological challenge, which is usually done with a balloon occlusion test, which is not applicable in this lesion.
2
Occluding the carotid without revascularization carries the risk of delayed ischemia and aneurysm formation.
3,4
Carotid stenting has been applied in the treatment of these lesions
5,6
; however, the extent of the lesion in our patient from the carotid bifurcation to the petrous carotid makes endovascular treatment challenging. We present a patient with a delayed post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the carotid artery that extended from the bifurcation to the petrous carotid who was treated with trapping and high-flow saphenous vein bypass from the proximal cervical internal carotid to the petrous carotid. Adequate exposure of the petrous carotid to perform anastomosis requires a thorough knowledge of the anatomy and surgical nuances, which we demonstrate here through a zygomatic approach.
7
The patient consented to the procedure and publication of imaging.
Image at 2:28 from Al-Mefty O, Operative Atlas of Meningiomas, © LWW, 1997, with permission.
BO Ceti: Dwarf nova showing both IW And-type and SU UMa-Type features
Authors: Kato Taichi , Tampo Yusuke , Kojiguchi Naoto , Shibata Masaaki , Ito Junpei , Isogai Keisuke , Itoh Hiroshi , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Monard Berto , Kiyota Seiichiro , Vanmunster Tonny , Sosnovskij Aleksei A , Pavlenko Elena P , Dubovsky Pavol A , Kudzej Igor , Medulka Tomas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIW And stars are a recently recognized subgroup of dwarf novae which are characterized by (often repetitive) slowly rising standstills terminated by brightening, but the exact mechanism for this variation is not yet identified. We have identified BO Cet, which had been considered as a novalike cataclysmic variable, as a new member of IW And stars based on its behavior in 2019–2020. In addition to this, the object showed dwarf nova-type outbursts in 2020–2021, and superhumps that had periods $7.8\%$ longer than the orbital one developed during at least one long outburst. This object has been confirmed as an SU UMa-type dwarf nova with an exceptionally long orbital period (0.1398 d). BO Cet is thus the first cataclysmic variable showing both SU UMa-type and IW And-type features. We obtained a mass ratio (q) of 0.31–0.34 from the superhumps in the growing phase (stage A superhumps). At this q, the radius of the 3 : 1 resonance, responsible for tidal instability and superhumps, and the tidal truncation radius are very similar. We interpret that in some occasions this object showed IW And-type variation when the disk size was not large enough, but that the radius of the 3 : 1 resonance could be reached as a result of thermal instability. We also discuss that there are SU UMa-type dwarf novae above q = 0.30, which is above the previously considered limit (∼0.25) derived from numerical simulations and that this is possible since the radius of the 3 : 1 resonance is inside the tidal truncation radius. We constrained the mass of the white dwarf larger than 1.0 M⊙, which may be responsible for the IW And-type behavior and the observed strength of the He ii emission. The exact reason, however, why this object is unique in that it shows both SU UMa-type and IW And-type features is still unsolved.
A pH-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based drug delivery system with controlled release of andrographolide for OA treatment
Authors: He Mingwei , Qin Zainen , Liang Xiaonan , He Xixi , Zhu Bikang , Lu Zhenhui , Wei Qingjun , Zheng Li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Andrographolide (AG) has favorable anti-inflammatory and antioxidative capacity. However, it has low bioavailability due to high lipophilicity and can be easily cleared by the synovial fluid after intra-articular injection, leading to low therapeutic efficiency in osteoarthritis (OA). Herein, we designed a nano-sized pH-responsive drug delivery system (DDS) for OA treatment by using modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with pH-responsive polyacrylic acid (PAA) for loading of AG to form AG@MSNs-PAA nanoplatform. The nanoparticles have uniform size (∼120 nm), high drug loading efficiency (22.38 ± 0.71%) and pH-responsive properties, beneficial to sustained release in OA environment. Compared with AG, AG@MSNs-PAA showed enhanced antiarthritic efficacy and chondro-protective capacity based on IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes and anterior cruciate ligament transection-induced rat OA model, as demonstrated by lower expression of inflammatory factors and better prevention of proteoglycan loss. Therefore, the AG@MSNs-PAA nanoplatform may be developed as a promising OA-specific and on-demand DDS.
Plasma-polymerized pericyte patches improve healing of murine wounds through increased angiogenesis and reduced inflammation
Authors: Thomas Hannah M , Ahangar Parinaz , Fitridge Robert , Kirby Giles T S , Mills Stuart J , Cowin Allison J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pericytes have the potential to be developed as a cell therapy for the treatment of wounds; however, the efficacy of any cell therapy relies on the successful delivery of intact and functioning cells. Here, the effect of delivering pericytes on wound repair was assessed alongside the development of a surface-functionalized pericyte patch. Plasma polymerization (PP) was used to functionalize the surface of silicone patches with heptylamine (HA) or acrylic acid (AA) monomers. Human pericytes were subsequently delivered to murine excisional wounds by intradermal injection or using the pericyte-laden patches and the comparative effects on wound healing, inflammation and revascularization determined. The AA surface provided the superior transfer of the cells to de-epidermized dermis. Excisional murine wounds treated either with pericytes injected directly into the wound or with the pericyte-laden AA patches showed improved healing with decreased neutrophil infiltration and reduced numbers of macrophages in the wounds. Pericyte delivery also enhanced angiogenesis through a mechanism independent of VEGF signalling. Pericytes, when delivered to wounds, improved healing responses by dampening inflammation and promoting angiogenesis. Delivery of pericytes using PP-AA-functionalized patches was equally as effective as direct injection of pericytes into wounds. Pericyte-functionalized dressings may therefore be a clinically relevant approach for the treatment of wounds.
Development of a Single-Institution Virtual Internal Medicine Subinternship With Near-Peer Teaching in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Holmberg Mackenzie H. , dela Cruz Erin , Longino August , Longino Natalie , Çoruh Başak , Merel Susan E. 
Published: June 2021

Problem
In March 2020, medical students at the University of Washington School of Medicine were removed from clinical settings in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. As subinternships are required for graduation and an important way to prepare for internship, a virtual subinternship was created to include practical elements of in-person learning and to address limited teaching faculty from COVID-19 inpatient surges.

Approach
A virtual, interactive subinternship was developed with case-based teaching sessions, communication and critical literature evaluation skill building, professional development, and creation of independent learning plans. Near-peer teachers (NPTs) were selected from graduating senior medical students who matched into internal medicine. In addition to teaching topics from the Clerkship Directors of Internal Medicine curriculum, NPTs engaged in course development, recruited teaching faculty, gathered feedback, and facilitated small groups. Participating students completed pre- and postcourse surveys.

Outcomes
The 10 students (100%) enrolled in the course who completed both surveys indicated significant improvement in mean scores across 4 domains: evaluating medical literature (3.1/5 to 4.5/5; +1.4, P < .001); developing individual learning plans (3.6/5 to 4.7/5; +1.1, P = .001); perceived ability to efficiently evaluate patients with common internal medicine concerns (3.7/5 to 4.6/5; +0.9, P = .004); and formulating initial diagnostic and therapeutic plans (3.6/5 to 4.6/5; +1.0, P < .001). Themes extracted from open-ended responses included initial skepticism of an online format, the course exceeding expectations, and feeling prepared for internship.

Next Steps
Although a virtual subinternship lacks direct patient care, students reported improvement in all 4 domains studied. Future courses would benefit from greater use of simulation and role-playing scenarios for practical skills. The experience with NPTs was encouraging, aiding in the success of the subinternship. The role of NPTs should be cultivated to fill gaps in content delivery and enhance the development of students as educators.