bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between clinical placement duration and students' satisfaction with the quality of supervision and learning environment: A mediation analysis
Authors: González‐García Alberto , Díez‐Fernández Ana , Leino‐Kilpi Helena , Martínez‐Vizcaíno Vicente , Strandell‐Laine Camilla 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMultiple factors that influence the learning experience of nursing students while they are in clinical training have been identified, such as the clinical learning environment, the supervision provided by supervisors, and the level of cooperation with the nurse teacher. The objective was to examine whether the relationship between the clinical placement duration and overall satisfaction with clinical training is mediated by the supervisory relationship and learning environment. A secondary analysis was conducted using the data from a cross‐sectional study conducted in 17 higher educational institutions in nine European countries with the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher scale (n = 1903 pre‐registration nursing students). Satisfaction with the supervisor and a good learning environment mediated the relationship between clinical placement duration and overall satisfaction as perceived by the students. Nursing students with longer clinical placement durations were more satisfied with clinical training as a result of both their satisfaction with their supervisor and their perceptions of good learning environment. The optimal duration a nursing student should remain in the different practice settings is approximately 7 weeks.
Characteristics of high‐resolution esophageal manometry in children without dysphagia
Authors: Kovacic Karlo , Kern Mark , Pawela Louis , Shaker Reza , Sood Manu R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe absence of high‐resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) norms in pediatrics limits the assessment of children with dysphagia. This study aimed to describe HREM parameters in a cohort of children without dysphagia.MethodsChildren ages 9–16 years with a negative Mayo Dysphagia Questionnaire screen and normal histologic findings underwent HREM after completion of esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Ten swallows of 5 ml 0.45% saline boluses per subject were captured in supine position. Analyzed data included resting and integrated relaxation pressures (IRP) of lower (LES) and upper (UES) esophageal sphincters, peristaltic contractile integrals, transition zone (TZ) breaks, velocities, and lengths associated with proximal and distal esophagus.Key Results33 subjects (15 female) with mean (range) age 12.9 (9–16) years completed the study. Two of 330 analyzed swallows failed. The UES mean resting pressure, and its 0.2 s and 0.8 s IRPs were 48.3 (95% CI 12.9) mmHg, 2.9 (95% CI 1.9) mmHg, and 12.1 (95% CI 2.5) mmHg, respectively. The LES mean resting pressure and its 4 s IRP were 29.0 (95% CI 4.0) mmHg and 9.2 (95% CI 1.3) mmHg. The mean proximal (PCI) and distal (DCI) esophageal contractile integrals were 231 (95% CI 54.8) mmHg‐s‐cm and 1789.3 (95% CI 323.5) mmHg‐s‐cm, with mean TZ break 0.5 (95% CI 0.3) cm.Conclusions & InferencesThis is the first study to describe HREM parameters in children without dysphagia. Most of the reported measurements were significantly different and less variable from reported adult norms. This emphasizes the need for child‐specific catheters, norms, and protocols to define pediatric esophageal motility disorders.
The interpersonal processes of non‐suicidal self‐injury: A systematic review and meta‐synthesis
Authors: Peel‐Wainwright Kelly‐Marie , Hartley Samantha , Boland Angel , Rocca Eleanor , Langer Susanne , Taylor Peter J. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundUnderstanding the processes underlying non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is important given the negative consequences of this behaviour. Qualitative research has the potential to provide an in‐depth exploration of this. There has been limited research regarding the interpersonal processes associated with NSSI; therefore, a meta‐synthesis was conducted to investigate this.MethodsA search of PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL electronic databases from date of inception to November 2020 was conducted. In total, 30 papers were included in the final review. A meta‐ethnographic approach was utilized to synthesize the data.ResultsTwo overarching themes were found. Within ‘Powerful relational dynamics’, NSSI was cited as a response to participants becoming stuck in aversive or disempowering relational positions with others. Within the ‘Taking matters into their own hands’ subtheme, NSSI was reported as a way for participants to get interpersonal and emotional needs met.LimitationsSeveral included papers did not comment on the researcher–participant relationship, which may have affected qualitative results. A small number of potentially eligible papers were unavailable for synthesizing.ConclusionFindings provide a more nuanced investigation of the interpersonal processes underlying NSSI. Consistent with relevant theories, NSSI appears to be a way of mitigating difficult interpersonal experiences or getting interpersonal needs met. NSSI may be engaged in as a substitute to other, less damaging ways to cope. An argument is made for a more empathetic understanding of NSSI and the use of relational interventions.Practitioner pointsSelf‐injury may occur in response to interpersonal stressorsSelf‐injury can be a means to get interpersonal needs metSelf‐injury may replace other means of coping that become blocked or thwartedEmotional distress can be closely linked with interpersonal factors for this groupRelational therapies may be beneficial where interpersonal processes are linked to NSSI
Body focus and cardioceptive accuracy are not associated with physical performance and perceived fatigue in a sample of individuals with regular physical activity
Authors: Kósa Lili , Mikó Alexandra , Ferentzi Eszter , Szabolcs Zsuzsanna , Bogdány Tamás , Ihász Ferenc , Köteles Ferenc 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIt is often assumed that distracting attention from unpleasant body sensations evoked by physical exertion can alleviate perceived fatigue and increase physical performance. Also, the higher acuity of perception of heartbeats was associated with less physical performance in one study with sedentary participants. The current study was designed to shed more light on these associations. In a within‐subject experiment, 98 students characterized by regular physical activity completed the Schandry‐task assessing cardioceptive accuracy and cycled for 15 min on a bicycle ergometer at a convenient pace, listening to their own breathing through a headset (internal attention condition) or to distracting noises (external attention condition). Physical performance (number of pedal turns), physical exertion (heart rate), and self‐reported fatigue were assessed for both tasks. Frequentist and Bayesian analyses showed no impact of the direction of attention and cardioceptive accuracy on physical performance, exertion, and perceived fatigue. In fact, the lack of association between cardioceptive accuracy and performance and perceived fatigue was more probable than the alternative hypothesis. Impact of distraction and cardioceptive accuracy on subjective and objective characteristics of physical exercise in the aerobic domain may be different for physically active and sedentary individuals. Future research in this area should systematically explore the background of these differences.
Adoption of agricultural technologies among rice farmers in Benin
Authors: Nonvide Gbêtondji Melaine Armel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAdoption of agricultural technologies in Benin remains at a very low level. This paper analyzes the factors that determine the adoption of agricultural technologies by rice producers in Benin. It employs a simple probit and Poisson regression models, as well as a multivariate probit model to account for the unobserved interaction between technology adoption decisions. Results reveal that variables such as education, access to extension services, membership of a farmers‐based organization, access to credit, media and use of a mobile phone are important in the process of increasing adoption of agricultural technologies. These variables must be taken into consideration in the elaboration of the agricultural modernization policy.
Spatializing Solidarity: Agricultural Cooperatives as Solidarity Transformers in Cuba*
Authors: Bono Federica , Loopmans Maarten 
Published: June 2021

AbstractScholars and social movements have long studied how cooperative values of solidarity and democracy can spill over to the rest of the society. However, such studies have failed to develop a sociospatial theory of solidarity. Focusing on two types of agricultural cooperatives in Cuba, this paper draws on recent geography literature on solidarity to explore the sociospatial dimensions of cooperative solidarity. We find that cooperatives represent a crucial nexus between grassroots, lived community‐based solidarity practices and top‐down, multiscalar, organized solidarities and act as transformers between mechanical and organic solidarity. Cooperatives may lose their capacity for catalyzing solidarity if market pressure disturbs the sociospatial entanglement of grassroots and top‐down efforts.
Intersectionality and social movements: Intersectional challenges and imperatives in the study of social movements
Authors: Montoya Celeste 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntersectionality emerged in the border space between social movements and academic politics as a means of better understanding and confronting interlocking systems of oppression. For scholars studying social movements, it offers a framework for better understanding the power dynamics of movements (the inclusions and exclusions). It is also something to be studied. Women of color, and other groups at the intersection of multiple marginalities conceptualized intersectionality as not only a type of integrated analysis or heuristic, but as an active political orientation to be put into practice. In this essay, I review and discuss the benefits and challenges of studying social movements intersectionally (an analysis that might be applied to the study of any movements), as well as the growing literature focused on social movement intersectionality, that looks for and at intersectionally oriented movements and the praxis of intersectionality within movements. This developing area of study provides new ways of understanding and troubling social movement solidarity.
Anopheles dirus yellow‐g mediates Plasmodium vivax infection
Authors: Mongkol Watcharakorn , Pomun Tippawan , Nguitragool Wang , Kumpitak Chalermpon , Duangmanee Apisak , Sattabongkot Jetsumon , Kubera Anchanee 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveOur previous transcriptome analysis of Anopheles dirus revealed upregulation of the An. dirus yellow‐g gene upon ingestion of Plasmodium vivax‐infected blood. This gene belongs to the yellow gene family, but its role regarding P. vivax infection is not known and remains to be validated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the An. dirus yellow‐g gene in P. vivax infection.MethodsThe qRT‐PCR was used to detect the expression of the yellow‐g gene in many organs of both male and female mosquitos. The yellow‐g gene silencing was performed by dsRNA membrane feeding to An. dirus. These mosquitoes were later challenged by P. vivax‐infected blood. The oocyst numbers were determined.ResultsThe yellow‐g transcript was detected in several organs of both male and female An. dirus mosquitoes. Successful knockdown of yellow‐g was achieved and resulted in reduced P. vivax infection in the mosquitoes. The decrease in yellow‐g expression had no effect on the life span of the mosquitoes.ConclusionsThese results support the yellow‐g gene as having an important function in Plasmodium development in Anopheles mosquitoes.
Strategies and theories to attract and retain blood donors: fairness, reciprocity, equity and warm‐glow
Authors: Ferguson Eamonn 
Published: June 2021

Background and ObjectivesThis paper sets out the case that fairness and reciprocity are critical to donor recruitment and warm glow is central to donor retention.Materials and MethodsNarrative review.ResultsI show that blood donors, compared to non‐donors, are more sensitive to violations of fairness. I argue that interventions that tap into reciprocity and fairness (e.g. voluntary reciprocal altruism) and the inequality in health between donors and recipients are likely to be effective in recruiting new donors. Once recruited, donors with greater experienced warm glow will remain as donors and those with weaker warm glow will relapse: a self‐selection mechanism. I argue that warm glow messages can, therefore, be used to enhance retention rates in new donors with lower levels of warm glow. I also show how research on emotions (prosocial emotions and emotional trajectories), sexual selection and trust offers new and exciting avenues for donor recruitment.ConclusionWarm glow is central to retaining blood donors and fairness and reciprocity to recruiting them.
Dissemination of IncFII plasmids carrying fosA3 and blaCTX‐M‐55 in clinical isolates of Salmonella enteritidis
Authors: Zhang Zengfeng , Chang Jiang , Xu Xuebin , Zhou Min , Shi Chunlei , Liu Yanhong , Shi Xianming 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMultidrug‐resistant Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) isolates have become a significant threat to public health, and fosfomycin has been proposed as one of the therapeutic antibiotics for serious infections by resistant pathogens. In this study, a total of 501 clinical S. Enteritidis isolates were screened and 14 (2.8%) isolates exhibited resistance to fosfomycin (MIC ≥ 1,024 μg/mL) as well as ceftriaxone (MIC ≥ 128 μg/mL). The fosA3 gene was identified in these 14 isolates. The fosA3 gene that co‐transferred with blaCTX‐M‐55 was observed on the IncFII plasmids with sizes of ~ 78 (n = 7) or ~ 111 (n = 2) kbp in 9 transconjugants. The fosA3‐bearing plasmid p12367A is 111,764 bp in length and possessed a typical IncFII backbone. A 7.6‐kbp multidrug resistance region (MRR) was identified in p12367A, which was comprised of fosA3 and blaCTX‐M‐55 genes interspersed with ΔISEcp1 and three copies of IS26. Two typical antibiotic resistance determinants (IS26‐orf3‐orf2‐orf1‐fosA3‐IS26 and IS26‐orf477‐blaCTX‐M‐55‐ΔISEcp1‐IS26) shared one IS26 in the MRR. The genetic arrangement of the MRR may have resulted from the stepwise integration of IS26 mobile elements via homologous recombination. Horizontal transfer of IncFII plasmids might contribute to the dissemination of fosA3 and blaCTX‐M‐55 resistance genes in S. Enteritidis interspecies. These findings underline further challenges for the prevention and treatment of Enterobacteriaceae infections posed by epidemic IncFII plasmids bearing fosA3‐blaCTX‐M‐55.
Extreme plastic deformation and subsequent Pb loss in shocked xenotime from the Vredefort Dome, South Africa
Authors: Cavosie Aaron J. , Kirkland Christopher L. , Reddy Steven M. , Timms Nicholas E. , Talavera Cristina , Pincus Maya R. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Accessory mineral U-Pb geochronometers are crucial tools for constraining the timing of deformation in a wide range of geological settings. Despite the growing recognition that intragrain age variations within deformed minerals can spatially correlate to zones of microstructural damage, the causal mechanisms of Pb loss are not always evident. Here, we report the first U-Pb data for shock-deformed xenotime, from a detrital grain collected at the Vredefort impact structure in South Africa. Orientation mapping revealed multiple shock features, including pervasive planar deformation bands (PDBs) that accommodate up to 40° of lattice misorientation by &lt;100&gt;{010} slip, and also an ~50-µm-wide intragrain shear zone that contains {112} deformation twin lamellae in two orientations. Twenty-nine in situ secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) U-Pb analyses from all microstructural domains yielded a well-defined discordia with upper-intercept age of 2953 ± 15 Ma (mean square of weighted deviates [MSWD] = 0.57, n = 29, 2σ), consistent with derivation from Kaapvaal craton bedrock. However, the 1754 ± 150 Ma lower concordia intercept age falls between the 2020 Ma Vredefort impact and ca. 1100 Ma Kibaran orogenesis and is not well explained by multiple Pb-loss episodes. The pattern and degree of Pb loss (discordance) correlate with increased [U] but do not correlate to microstructure (twin, PDB) or to crystallinity (band contrast) at the scale of SIMS analysis. Numerical modeling of the Pb-loss history using a concordia-discordia-comparison (CDC) test indicated that the lower concordia age is instead best explained by an alteration episode at ca. 1750 Ma, rather than a multiple Pb-loss history. In this example, the U-Pb system in deformed xenotime does not record a clear signature of impact age resetting; rather, the implied high dislocation density recorded by planar deformation bands and the presence of deformation twins facilitated subsequent Pb loss during a younger event that affected the Witwatersrand basin. Microstructural characterization of xenotime targeted for geochronology provides a new tool for recognizing evidence of deformation and can provide insight into complex age data from highly strained grains, and, as is the case in this study, elucidate previously unrecognized alteration events.
U-Pb geochronology of apatite crystallized within a terrestrial impact melt sheet: Manicouagan as a geochronometer test site
Authors: McGregor Maree , McFarlane Christopher R.M. , Spray John G. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
The Manicouagan impact event has been the subject of multiple age determinations over the past ~50 yr, providing an ideal test site for evaluating the viability of different geochronometers. This study highlights the suitability of Manicouagan’s essentially pristine impact melt body as a medium for providing insight into the U-Pb isotope systematics of geochronometers in the absence of shock-related overprinting. We performed in situ laser-ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb geochronology on apatite and zircon, both of which crystallized as primary phases. This study is the first application of U-Pb geochronology to apatite crystallized within a terrestrial impact melt sheet. U-Pb analyses were obtained from 200 melt-grown apatite grains (n = 222 spots), with a data subset providing a lower-intercept age of 212.5 ± 8.0 Ma. For melt-grown zircon, a total of 30 analyses from 28 grains were obtained, with a subset of the data yielding a lower-intercept age of 213.1 ± 1.6 Ma. The lower precision (±8.0 Ma; ±3%) obtained from apatite is a consequence of low U and a high and variable common-Pb composition. This resulted from localized Pb*/PbC heterogeneity within the impact melt sheet that was incorporated into the apatite crystal structure during crystallization (where Pb*/PbC is the ratio of radiogenic Pb to common Pb). While considered a limitation to the precision obtainable from melt-grown apatite, its ability to record local-scale isotopic variations highlights an advantage of U-Pb studies on melt-grown apatite. The best-estimate ages from zircon and apatite overlap within error and correlate with previously determined ages for the Manicouagan impact event. An average formation age from the new determinations, combined with previous age constraints, yields a weighted mean age of 214.96 ± 0.30 Ma for the Manicouagan impact structure.
Electromagnetic transition form factors and Dalitz decays of hyperons
Authors: Salone Nora , Leupold Stefan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDalitz decays of a hyperon resonance to a ground-state hyperon and an electron-positron pair can give access to some information about the composite structure of hyperons. We present expressions for the multi-differential decay rates in terms of general transition form factors for spin-parity combinations $$J^P = \frac{1}{2}^\pm , \frac{3}{2}^\pm $$

J
P

=

1
2

±

,

3
2

±

of the hyperon resonance. Even if the spin of the initial hyperon resonance is not measured, the self-analyzing weak decay of the “final” ground-state hyperon contains information about the relative phase between combinations of transition form factors. This relative phase is non-vanishing because of the unstable nature of the hyperon resonance. If all form factor combinations in the differential decay formulae are replaced by their respective values at the photon point, one obtains a QED type approximation, which might be interpreted as characterizing hypothetical hyperons with point-like structure. We compare the QED type approximation to a more realistic form factor scenario for the lowest-lying singly-strange hyperon resonances. In this way we explore which accuracy in the measurements of the differential Dalitz decay rates is required in order to distinguish the composite-structure case from the pointlike case. Based on the QED type approximation we obtain as a by-product a rough prediction for the ratio between the Dalitz decay width and the corresponding photon decay width.
Expectation management
Authors: Braathen Johannes , Goodsell Mark D. , Paßehr Sebastian , Pinsard Emanuelle 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe consider the application of a Fleischer–Jegerlehner-like treatment of tadpoles to the calculation of neutral scalar masses (including the Higgs) in general theories beyond the Standard Model. This is especially useful when the theory contains new scalars associated with a small expectation value, but comes with its own disadvantages. We show that these can be overcome by combining with effective field theory matching. We provide the formalism in this modified approach for matching the quartic coupling of the Higgs via pole masses at one loop, and apply it to both a toy model and to the $$\mu $$
μ
NMSSM as prototypes where the standard treatment can break down.
Evolution of the political opinion landscape during electoral periods
Authors: Mussi Reyero Tomás , Beiró Mariano G. , Alvarez-Hamelin J. Ignacio , Hernández Laura , Kotzinos Dimitris 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe present a study of the evolution of the political landscape during the 2015 and 2019 presidential elections in Argentina, based on data obtained from the micro-blogging platform Twitter. We build a semantic network based on the hashtags used by all the users following at least one of the main candidates. With this network we can detect the topics that are discussed in the society. At a difference with most studies of opinion on social media, we do not choose the topics a priori, they emerge from the community structure of the semantic network instead. We assign to each user a dynamical topic vector which measures the evolution of her/his opinion in this space and allows us to monitor the similarities and differences among groups of supporters of different candidates. Our results show that the method is able to detect the dynamics of formation of opinion on different topics and, in particular, it can capture the reshaping of the political opinion landscape which has led to the inversion of result between the two rounds of 2015 election.