bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regionally aggregated, stitched and de‐drifted CMIP‐climate data, processed with netCDF‐SCM v2.0.0
Authors: Nicholls Zebedee , Lewis Jared , Makin Melissa , Nattala Usha , Zhang Geordie Z. , Mutch Simon J. , Tescari Edoardo , Meinshausen Malte 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe world's most complex climate models are currently running a range of experiments as part of the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). Added to the output from the Fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), the total data volume will be in the order of 20PB. Here, we present a dataset of annual, monthly, global, hemispheric and land/ocean means derived from a selection of experiments of key interest to climate data analysts and reduced complexity climate modellers. The derived dataset is a key part of validating, calibrating and developing reduced complexity climate models against the behaviour of more physically complete models. In addition to its use for reduced complexity climate modellers, we aim to make our data accessible to other research communities. We facilitate this in a number of ways. Firstly, given the focus on annual, monthly, global, hemispheric and land/ocean mean quantities, our dataset is orders of magnitude smaller than the source data and hence does not require specialized ‘big data’ expertise. Secondly, again because of its smaller size, we are able to offer our dataset in a text‐based format, greatly reducing the computational expertise required to work with CMIP output. Thirdly, we enable data provenance and integrity control by tracking all source metadata and providing tools which check whether a dataset has been retracted, that is identified as erroneous. The resulting dataset is updated as new CMIP6 results become available and we provide a stable access point to allow automated downloads. Along with our accompanying website (cmip6.science.unimelb.edu.au), we believe this dataset provides a unique community resource, as well as allowing non‐specialists to access CMIP data in a new, user‐friendly way.
230Th dating of flowstone from Ignatievskaya Cave, Russia: Age constraints of rock art and paleoclimate inferences
Authors: Dublyansky Yuri , Shirokov Vladimir , Moseley Gina E. , Kosintsev Pavel A. , Edwards R. Lawrence , Spötl Christoph 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPaleolithic antiquity of parietal art in Ignatievskaya cave, Southern Ural, is supported by its subject (Late Pleistocene animals) as well as by paleontological and palynological data, and 14C dates from cultural layers associated with artistic activity (17.8−16.3 cal ka BP; association is established by finds of ochre in these layers). However, three 14C dates of charcoal motifs yielded younger, Holocene ages (7.4−6.0 cal ka BP). In this study, we constrain the age of parietal art in the cave by 230Th dating of flowstone that brackets the paintings. Flowstone did not form in the cave between c. 78 and 10 ka BP, due to widespread permafrost in northern Eurasia at that time. Our 230Th dates do not support the middle Holocene age of art in Ignatievskaya cave and are consistent with its Upper Paleolithic antiquity instead.
COVID‐19 vs influenza viruses: A cockroach optimized deep neural network classification approach
Authors: El‐dosuky Mohamed A. , Soliman Mona , Hassanien Aboul Ella 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAmong Coronavirus, as with many other viruses, receptor interactions are an essential determinant of species specificity, virulence, and pathogenesis. The pathogenesis of the COVID‐19 depends on the virus's ability to attach to and enter into a suitable human host cell. This paper presents a cockroach optimized deep neural network to detect COVID‐19 and differentiate between COVID‐19 and influenza types A, B, and C. The deep network architecture is inspired using a cockroach optimization algorithm to optimize the deep neural network hyper‐parameters. COVID‐19 sequences are obtained from repository 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource, and influenza A, B, and C sub‐dataset are obtained from other repositories. Five hundred ninety‐four unique genomes sequences are used in the training and testing process with 99% overall accuracy for the classification model.
Shedding more light on the role of Midkine in hepatocellular carcinoma: New perspectives on diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Gowhari Shabgah Arezoo , Ezzatifar Fatemeh , Aravindhan Surendar , Olegovna Zekiy Angelina , Ahmadi Majid , Gheibihayat Seyed Mohammad , Gholizadeh Navashenaq Jamshid 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOne of the most common malignant tumors is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Progression of HCC mainly results from highly complex molecular and pathological pathways. Midkine (MDK) is a growth factor that impacts viability, migration, and other cell activities. Since MDK has been involved in the inflammatory responses, it has been claimed that MDK has a crucial role in HCC. MDK acts as an anti‐apoptotic factor, which mediates tumor cell viability. In addition, MDK blocks anoikis to promote metastasis. There is also evidence that MDK is involved in angiogenesis. It has been shown that the application of anti‐MDK approaches might be promising in the treatment of HCC. Besides, due to the elevated expression in HCC, MDK has been proposed as a biomarker in the prognosis and diagnosis of HCC. In this review, we will discuss the role of MDK in HCC. It is hoped that the development of new strategies concerning MDK‐based therapies will be promising in HCC management.
Integrated approaches to testing and assessment as a tool for the hazard assessment and risk characterization of cosmetic preservatives
Authors: Canavez Andrezza Di Pietro Micali , de Oliveira Prado Corrêa Gabriela , Isaac Vera Lucia Borges , Schuck Desiree Cigaran , Lorencini Marcio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe safety assessment of cosmetic products is based on the safety of the ingredients, which requires information on chemical structures, toxicological profiles, and exposure data. Approximately 6% of the population is sensitized to cosmetic ingredients, especially preservatives and fragrances. In this context, the aim of this study was to perform a hazard assessment and risk characterization of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), benzyl alcohol (BA), caprylyl glycol (CG), ethylhexylglycerin (EG), chlorphenesin (CP), dehydroacetic acid (DHA), sodium dehydroacetate (SDH), iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MIT), methylisothiazolinone (MIT), phenoxyethanol (PE), potassium sorbate (PS), and sodium benzoate (SB). Considering the integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA) and weight of evidence (WoE) as a decision tree, based on published safety reports. The hazard assessment was composed of a toxicological matrix correlating the toxicity level, defined as low (L), moderate (M), or high (H) and local or systemic exposure, considering the endpoints of skin sensitization, skin irritation, eye irritation, phototoxicity, acute oral toxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity/genotoxicity, and endocrine activity. In a risk assessment approach, most preservatives had a margin of safety (MoS) above 100, except for DHA, SDH, and EG, considering the worst‐case scenario (100% dermal absorption). However, isolated data do not set up a safety assessment. It is necessary to carry out a rational risk characterization considering hazard and exposure assessment to estimate the level of risk of an adverse health outcome, based on the concentration in a product, frequency of use, type of product, route of exposure, body surface location, and target population.
Monitoring the extracellular matrix remodeling of high‐grade serous ovarian cancer with nonlinear optical microscopy
Authors: Yan Junshuai , Zhao Yihua , Lin Fangrui , Qu Junle , Liu Qianyu , Pan Ying , Liu Liwei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe mortality of high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) accounts for 70% to 80% of all ovarian cancer deaths and overall mortality rate has not declined in the last decade. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that HGSOC originates from the fallopian tubes. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is present in all tissues, its remodeling and interaction with cells are crucial for regulating cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. In this paper, we used label‐free nonlinear optical microscopy to image tissues of the fallopian tube and ovary. Combining a set of image processing algorithms, we monitored the remodeling of ECM in the fallopian tube and ovary during the invasion of primary serous fallopian tube tumor into the ovary in microscopic dimension. With this approach, we can obtain physiological information of HGSOC at the early stage, which provided useful data for auxiliary clinical diagnosis.
Citric acid functionalized nitinol stent surface promotes endothelial cell healing
Authors: Ceresnakova Miriama , Murray David , McGourty Kieran D. , Butler James , Neilan John , Soulimane Tewfik , Hudson Sarah P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhile drug‐eluting stents containing anti‐proliferative agents inhibit proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), they also delay the regrowth of the endothelial cells which can result in subsequent development of restenosis. Acidic extracellular environments promote cell anchorage and migration by inducing conformational change in integrins, the main cell adhesion proteins. This study addresses the feasibility of a citric acid (CA) functionalized nitinol stent for improving vascular biocompatibility, specifically enhancing endothelialization. CA functionalized nitinol vascular stents are compared to commercial bare metal (Zilver Flex) and paclitaxel eluting stents (Zilver PTX) in terms of re‐endothelialization. To study the effect of stent coatings, a stent conditioned media methodology was developed in an attempt to representin vivoconditions. Overall, distinct advantages of the CA functionalized nitinol stent over commercial Zilver PTX DES and Zilver Flex BMS stents in terms of endothelial cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation are reported. These novel findings indicate the potential of a CA functionalized stent to serve as a bioactive and therapeutic surface for re‐endothelialization, perhaps in combination with a SMC proliferation inhibitor coating, to prevent restenosis.
Emerging adulthood among backpackers: The contribution of internal and external factors to sense of community
Authors: Weiss‐Dagan Shlomit , Levi Drorit , Refaeli Tehila , Itzhaky Haya 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDuring emerging adulthood, individuals are primarily concerned with themselves. Community participation, however, may help one to mature, and community belonging is important for well‐being. As such, the current study aimed to examine these two components among young‐adult Israeli backpackers abroad. We examined the role of personal (mastery, self‐esteem, and posttraumatic growth) and environmental (family and friends' support) factors in sense of belonging and community participation. A cross‐sectional sample survey was distributed; data were collected from 332 Israeli backpackers abroad. The findings based ont‐tests, Pearson correlations, and hierarchical regression analysis showed that mastery was associated with sense of belonging, not with community participation. Self‐esteem and posttraumatic growth were positively associated with both dependent variables. Friends' support was also positively associated with both dependent variables; family support was not significantly associated with either. Personal factors had the greatest association with sense of community.
Akt‐independent effects of triciribine on ACE2 expression in human lung epithelial cells: Potential benefits in restricting SARS‐CoV2 infection
Authors: Adil Mir S. , Verma Arti , Rudraraju Madhuri , Narayanan S. Priya , Somanath Payaningal R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) binds to the angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to gain cellular entry. Akt inhibitor triciribine (TCBN) has demonstrated promising results in promoting recovery from advanced‐stage acute lung injury in preclinical studies. In the current study, we tested the direct effect of TCBN on ACE2 expression in human bronchial (H441) and lung alveolar (A549) epithelial cells. Treatment with TCBN resulted in the downregulation of both messenger RNA and protein levels of ACE2 in A549 cells. Since HMGB1 plays a vital role in the inflammatory response in COVID‐19, and because hyperglycemia has been linked to increased COVID‐19 infections, we determined if HMGB1 and hyperglycemia have any effect on ACE2 expression in lung epithelial cells and whether TCBN has any effect on reversing HMGB1‐ and hyperglycemia‐induced ACE2 expression. We observed increased ACE2 expression with both HMGB1 and hyperglycemia treatment in A549 as well as H441 cells, which were blunted by TCBN treatment. Our findings from this study, combined with our previous reports on the potential benefits of TCBN in the treatment of acute lung injury, generate reasonable optimism on the potential utility of TCBN in the therapeutic management of patients with COVID‐19.
Toggling Near‐Field Directionality via Polarization Control of Surface Waves
Authors: Zhong Yuhan , Lin Xiao , Jiang Jing , Yang Yi , Liu Gui‐Geng , Xue Haoran , Low Tony , Chen Hongsheng , Zhang Baile 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDirectional excitation of guidance modes is central to many applications ranging from light harvesting, optical information processing to quantum optical technology. Of paramount interest, especially, the active control of near‐field directionality provides a new paradigm for the real‐time on‐chip manipulation of light. Here, it is found that for a given dipolar source, its near‐field directionality can be toggled efficiently via tailoring the polarization of surface waves that are excited, for example, via tuning the chemical potential of graphene in a graphene‐metasurface waveguide. This finding enables a feasible scheme for the active near‐field directionality. Counterintuitively, it is revealed that this scheme can transform a circular electric/magnetic dipole into a Huygens dipole in the near‐field coupling. Moreover, for Janus dipoles, this scheme enables actively flipping their near‐field coupling and non‐coupling faces.
Biomimetic Hydrogels Loaded with Nanofibers Mediate Sustained Release of pDNA and Promote In Situ Bone Regeneration
Authors: Huang Lin , Zhang Zhijie , Guo Mingtao , Pan Cile , Huang Zhiguan , Jin Junfei , Li Yuhe , Hou Xiaohui , Li Wenqiang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPolymer hydrogels are generally insufficient biomechanics, strong resistance to cell adhesion, and weak bioactivity which limits their application in bone tissue engineering considerably. In order to develop a bone tissue engineering material with both good mechanical properties, osteogenic and angiogenic activity. Nanofibers carrying DNA plasmid (pNF) are introduced to gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and thiolated chitosan (TCS) system for preparing a novel GelMA/TCS/pNF composite hydrogel with dual network structure. By characterization of the compressive measurements, the resulting composite scaffold shows greatly enhanced mechanical strength (0.53 MPa) and is not damaged after 20 cycles of compression. And the fabricated composite scaffold displays sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 that can induce osteogenic differentiation and angiopoietin‐1 that promotes vascularization. The cell experiment shows that this system can significantly promote MC3T3‐E1 cell attachment, proliferation, as well as osteogenic‐related and angiogenic‐related genes expression of MC3T3‐E1 cells. Moreover, the in vivo results show that the composite scaffold with activated gene fibers can significantly promote osteogenesis and vascularization leading to favorable capacity of bone regeneration, meaning that the resulting biomimetic composite hydrogel scaffolds are excellent candidates for bone repair materials.
Strategic CSR‐brand fit and customers’ brand passion: Theoretical extension and analysis
Authors: Gilal Faheem Gul , Paul Justin , Gilal Naeem Gul , Gilal Rukhsana Gul 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPrior research in the brand management realm has broadly captured passion for a brand through brand‐related factors. However, to the authors’ knowledge, how the fit between a brand and its corporate social responsibility efforts (strategic CSR‐brand fit) drive brand passion has been surprisingly ignored. Drawing on congruence theory, basic psychological needs theory, and social identity theory, we argue that strategic CSR‐brand fit can significantly influence customers’ sense of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which in turn leads to brand passion. Furthermore, we hypothesize customer–company identification (CCI) as a key boundary condition for the indirect positive effect of strategic CSR‐brand fit on brand passion through customers’ satisfaction of psychological needs. Structural equation modeling results from a survey conducted with telecom customers (N = 1,059) supported a positive indirect effect of strategic CSR‐brand fit on brand passion through the satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs. Moreover, the indirect effect was statistically significant through competence and relatedness needs satisfaction for customers with high CCI but it was not significant through competence satisfaction for customers with low CCI. CCI trivially facilitates brand passion formation through autonomy needs satisfaction. Implications of these findings for shaping brand passion among customers are discussed.
High throughput screening for expanded CTG repeats in myotonic dystrophy type 1 using melt curve analysis
Authors: Butterfield Russell J. , Imburgia Carina , Mayne Katie , Newcomb Tara , Dunn Diane M. , Duval Brett , Feldkamp Marcia L. , Johnson Nicholas E. , Weiss Robert B. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundMyotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by CTG repeat expansions in the DMPK gene and is the most common form of muscular dystrophy. Patients can have long delays from onset to diagnosis, since clinical signs and symptoms are often nonspecific and overlapping with other disorders. Clinical genetic testing by Southern blot or triplet‐primed PCR (TP‐PCR) is technically challenging and cost prohibitive for population surveys.MethodsHere, we present a high throughput, low‐cost screening tool for CTG repeat expansions using TP‐PCR followed by high resolution melt curve analysis with saturating concentrations of SYBR GreenER dye.ResultsWe determined that multimodal melt profiles from the TP‐PCR assay are a proxy for amplicon length stoichiometry. In a screen of 10,097 newborn blood spots, melt profile analysis accurately reflected the tri‐modal distribution of common alleles from 5 to 35 CTG repeats, and identified the premutation and full expansion alleles.ConclusionWe demonstrate that robust detection of expanded CTG repeats in a single tube can be achieved from samples derived from specimens with minimal template DNA such as dried blood spots (DBS). This technique is readily adaptable to large‐scale testing programs such as population studies and newborn screening programs.
Association of MACROD2 gene variants with obesity and physical activity in a Korean population
Authors: Kim Hye‐Rim , Jin Hyun‐Seok , Eom Yong‐Bin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundObesity is a serious and common complex disease caused by the influence of genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of genetic variants on obesity and the possibility of preventing obesity through physical activity using association analysis.MethodsThis study analyzed the association between obesity and variants in the MACROD2 gene in the Korean association resource (KARE) cohort using logistic regression analysis. Linear regression analysis was performed for obesity‐related phenotype traits including body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), abdominal fat percentage (AbFP), and the waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR). The level of physical activity was analyzed by dividing the participants into two groups according to the cutoff of one hour or more of daily intense activity.ResultsAs a result, rs6079275 in the MACROD2 gene had the highest significance in obesity and phenotypic characteristics. Minor allele carriers (CC, CG) of rs6079275 decreased the obesity risk (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.40–0.82, p = 2.34 × 10−3) and showed a tendency to decrease the risk of BMI (β = −0.312, p = 8.99 × 10−4), BFP (β = −0.482, p = 4.19 × 10−3) and AbFP (β = −0.0051, p = 5.96 × 10−4). In addition, the participants with the minor allele (C) of rs6079275 had a reduced obesity risk with high physical activity (OR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.14–0.93, p = 0.036).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that variants in the MACROD2 gene were correlated with obesity, phenotypic traits, and physical activity in the Korean population. Therefore, we suggest the possibility of preventing obesity by identifying this genetic variation and the interactive effect of lifestyle in Koreans.
Finite element simulations of hyperpolarized gas DWI in micro‐CT meshes of acinar airways: validating the cylinder and stretched exponential models of lung microstructural length scales
Authors: Chan Ho‐Fung , Collier Guilhem J. , Parra‐Robles Juan , Wild Jim M. 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThis work assesses the accuracy of the stretched exponential (SEM) and cylinder models of lung microstructural length scales that can be derived from hyperpolarized gas DWI. This was achieved by simulating 3He and 129Xe DWI signals within two micro‐CT–derived realistic acinar airspace meshes that represent healthy and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lungs.MethodsThe healthy and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis acinar airway meshes were derived from segmentations of 3D micro‐CT images of excised human lungs and meshed for finite element simulations of the Bloch‐Torrey equations. 3He and 129Xe multiple b value DWI experiments across a range of diffusion times (3He Δ = 1.6 ms; 129Xe Δ = 5 to 20 ms) were simulated in each mesh. Global SEM mean diffusive length scale and cylinder model mean chord length value was derived from each finite element simulation and compared against each mesh’s mean linear intercept length, calculated from intercept length measurements within micro‐CT segmentation masks.ResultsThe SEM‐derived mean diffusive length scale was within ±10% of the mean linear intercept length for simulations with both 3He (Δ = 1.6 ms) and 129Xe (Δ = 7 to 13 ms) in the healthy mesh, and with 129Xe (Δ = 13 to 20 ms) for the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mesh, whereas for the cylinder model–derived mean chord length the closest agreement with mean linear intercept length (11.7% and 22.6% difference) was at 129Xe Δ = 20 ms for both healthy and IPF meshes, respectively.ConclusionThis work validates the use of the SEM for accurate estimation of acinar dimensions and indicates that the SEM is relatively robust across a range of experimental conditions and acinar length scales.