bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between alcohol consumption and osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of observational studies
Authors: To Kendrick , Mak Christopher , Zhang Chen , Zhou Yuhui , Filbay Stephanie , Khan Wasim 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThere is conflicting evidence for the association between alcohol consumption and common joint conditions such as Osteoarthritis (OA), which affects millions of people. We sought to determine the true association between alcohol intake and OA. We conducted a PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that reported associations between alcohol consumption and OA. Pooled estimates of association were represented through odds ratios (ORs). Publication bias was assessed with Funnel and Galbraith plots, and risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. We included 29 studies and 25,192 subjects with OA and reported an OR between any alcohol consumption and OA of 0.79 (0.68–0.93), suggesting a protective effect. OR of weekly or more frequent use was 0.79 (0.65–0.97). When grouped by covariates, alcohol consumption was negatively associated with radiographic (0.83, 0.70–0.98), hand (0.80, 0.66–0.95) and knee OA (0.85, 0.72–0.99), North American ethnicity and female gender. Subgroup analysis of unadjusted data resulted in an OR of 0.70 (0.55–0.89) but this disappeared upon analysis of studies with data adjusted for any covariate (0.93, 0.78–1.10). Whilst our pooled analysis suggest that weekly or more frequent alcohol consumption was negatively associated with OA, this was not observed when adjusted for confounding factors. Reasons for this include selection bias and lack of longitudinal exposure and adjustment for confounding variables. Therefore, this meta-analysis provides evidence to dispel notions that alcohol use may be protective against OA.
Prognostic value of the chest X-ray in patients hospitalised for heart failure
Authors: Pan Daniel , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Dobbs Karen , Bulemfu Jeanne , Sokoreli Ioanna , Urbinati Alessia , Brown Oliver , Sze Shirley , Rigby Alan S. , Kazmi Syed , Riistama Jarno M. , Cleland John G. F. , Clark Andrew L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Patients admitted to hospital with heart failure will have had a chest X-ray (CXR), but little is known about their prognostic significance. We aimed to report the prevalence and prognostic value of the initial chest radiograph findings in patients admitted to hospital with heart failure (acute heart failure, AHF).

Methods
The erect CXRs of all patients admitted with AHF between October 2012 and November 2016 were reviewed for pulmonary venous congestion, Kerley B lines, pleural effusions and alveolar oedema. Film projection (whether anterior–posterior [AP] or posterior–anterior [PA]) and cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) were also recorded. Trial registration: ISRCTN96643197

Results
Of 1145 patients enrolled, 975 [median (interquartile range) age 77 (68–83) years, 61% with moderate, or worse, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and median NT-proBNP 5047 (2337–10,945) ng/l] had an adequate initial radiograph, of which 691 (71%) were AP. The median CTR was 0.57 (IQR 0.53–0.61) in PA films and 0.60 (0.55–0.64) in AP films. Pulmonary venous congestion was present in 756 (78%) of films, Kerley B lines in 688 (71%), pleural effusions in 649 (67%) and alveolar oedema in 622 (64%).
A CXR score was constructed using the above features. Increasing score was associated with increasing age, urea, NT-proBNP, and decreasing systolic blood pressure, haemoglobin and albumin; and with all-cause mortality on multivariable analysis (hazard ratio 1.10, 95% confidence intervals 1.07–1.13, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Radiographic evidence of congestion on a CXR is very common in patients with AHF and is associated with other clinical measures of worse prognosis.

Graphic abstract
The effect of biofeedback interventions on pain, overall symptoms, quality of life and physiological parameters in patients with pelvic pain
Authors: Wagner Barbara , Steiner Margarete , Huber Dominikus Franz Xaver , Crevenna Richard 
Published: March 2021

Summary
Background
Biofeedback is recognized as an effective additive method for treating certain phenotypes of chronic pelvic pain syndrome and is a therapeutic option in other pelvic pain conditions. This review aims to evaluate evidence from the literature with a focus on the effect of biofeedback on pain reduction, overall symptom relief, physiological parameters and quality of life.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and PEDro from inception to July 2020. Data were tabulated and a narrative synthesis was carried out, since data heterogeneity did not allow a meta-analysis. The PEDro scale and the McMaster Critical Review Form—Quantitative Studies were applied to assess risk of bias.

Results
Out of 651 studies, 37 quantitative studies of primary research evaluating pelvic pain conditions in male and female adults and children were included. They covered biofeedback interventions on anorectal disorders, chronic prostatitis, female chronic pelvic pain conditions, urologic phenotypes in children and adults and a single study on low back pain. For anorectal disorders, several landmark studies demonstrate the efficacy of biofeedback. For other subtypes of chronic pelvic pain conditions there is tentative evidence that biofeedback-assisted training has a positive effect on pain reduction, overall symptoms relief and quality of life. Certain factors have been identified that might be relevant in improving treatment success.

Conclusions
For certain indications, biofeedback has been confirmed to be an effective treatment. For other phenotypes, promising findings should be further investigated in robust and well-designed randomized controlled trials.
Overview of the contemporary management of supracondylar humeral fractures in children
Authors: Duffy Sean , Flannery Oliver , Gelfer Yael , Monsell Fergal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeSupracondylar fractures are common injuries accounting for approximately 15% of all fractures in children with a large body of literature on this subject.Methods This article critically appraises the available evidence to provide an overview of the treatment options including the role and timing of surgery, the geometry of wire fixation and the management of nerve and arterial injury.Conclusion Management decisions are based on a number of considerations particularly fracture stability. Closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire stabilisation are commonly recommended for an unstable displaced fracture. These techniques are however associated with the potential for iatrogenic neurological injury. Vascular injury is also rare but must be recognised and treated promptly to avoid significant permanent morbidity.
Development of a hollow fibre-based renal module for active transport studies
Authors: Englezakis Alexandros , Gozalpour Elnaz , Kamran Mohammed , Fenner Katherine , Mele Elisa , Coopman Karen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the active transport of substrates by the kidney in the renal proximal convoluted tubule is crucial for drug development and for studying kidney diseases. Currently, cell-based assays are applied for this this purpose, however, differences between assays and the body are common, indicating the importance of in vitro–in vivo discrepancies. Several studies have suggested that 3D cell cultures expose cells to a more physiological environments, thus, providing more accurate cell function results. To mimic the renal proximal tubule, we have developed a custom-made renal module (RM), containing a single polypropylene hollow fibre (Plasmaphan P1LX, 3M) that serves as a porous scaffold and compared to conventional Transwell cell-based bidirectional transport studies. In addition, a constant flow of media, exposed cells to a physiological shear stress of 0.2 dyne/cm2. MDCK-Mdr1a cells, overexpressing the rat Mdr1a (P-gp) transporter, were seeded onto the HF membrane surface coated with the basement membrane matrix Geltrex which facilitated cell adhesion and tight junction formation. Cells were then seeded into the HF lumen where attachment and tight junction formation were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy while epithelial barrier integrity under shear stress was shown to be achieved by day 7. qPCR results have shown significant changes in gene expression compared to cells grown on Transwells. Kidney injury marker such as KIM-1 and the hypoxia marker CA9 have been downregulated, while the CD133 (Prominin-1) microvilli marker has shown a fivefold upregulation. Furthermore, the renal transporter P-gp expression has been downregulated by 50%. Finally, bidirectional assays have shown that cells grown in the RM were able to reabsorb albumin with a higher efficiency compared to Transwell cell cultures while efflux of the P-gp-specific substrates Hoechst and Rhodamine 123 was decreased. These results further support the effect of the microenvironment and fluidic shear stress on cell function and gene expression. This can serve as the basis for the development of a microphysiological renal model for drug transport studies.
Nivolumab in previously treated advanced gastric cancer (ATTRACTION-2): 3-year update and outcome of treatment beyond progression with nivolumab
Authors: Boku Narikazu , Satoh Taroh , Ryu Min-Hee , Chao Yee , Kato Ken , Chung Hyun Cheol , Chen Jen-Shi , Muro Kei , Kang Won Ki , Yeh Kun-Huei , Yoshikawa Takaki , Oh Sang Cheul , Bai Li-Yuan , Tamura Takao , Lee Keun-Wook , Hamamoto Yasuo , Kim Jong Gwang , Chin Keisho , Oh Do-Youn , Minashi Keiko , Cho Jae Yong , Tsuda Masahiro , Nishiyama Taihei , Chen Li-Tzong , Kang Yoon-Koo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
ATTRACTION-2 demonstrated that nivolumab improved overall survival (OS) vs placebo in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with ≥ 2 chemotherapy regimens. However, its long-term efficacy and outcome of treatment beyond progression (TBP) with nivolumab have not been clarified.

Methods
The 3-year follow-up data were collected. A subset analysis was performed to explore the efficacy of TBP by assessing postprogression survival (PPS) after the first event of disease progression.

Results
Overall, 493 patients were randomized (2:1) to receive nivolumab (n = 330) or placebo (n = 163). With a median follow-up of 38.5 (range 36.1–47.5) months, OS of the nivolumab group was significantly longer compared to the placebo group (median 5.3 vs 4.1 months; 3-year survival rate, 5.6% vs 1.9%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.62 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50–0.75], P < 0.0001). The median OS of responders (n = 32) who achieved complete response or partial response was 26.7 months and the 3-year survival rate was 35.5% in the nivolumab group. Overall, 109 patients in the nivolumab group and 37 patients in the placebo group received TBP. PPS tended to be longer in the nivolumab group vs placebo group (median 5.8 vs 4.5 months; HR [95% CI], 0.69 [0.47–1.01], P = 0.057). In contrast, PPS was similar between both treatment groups in non-TBP patients (median 2.3 vs 2.2 months; HR 0.90, P = 0.42).

Conclusions
Long-term efficacy of nivolumab was confirmed at the 3-year follow-up, and a survival benefit of TBP with nivolumab was suggested. Biomarkers for selecting patients suitable for TBP with nivolumab should be identified in the future.
Trust me; I know what I am doing investigating the effect of choice list elicitation and domain-relevant training on preference reversals in decision making for others
Authors: Neumann-Böhme Sebastian , Lipman Stefan A. , Brouwer Werner B. F. , Attema Arthur E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOne core assumption of standard economic theory is that an individual’s preferences are stable, irrespective of the method used to elicit them. This assumption may be violated if preference reversals are observed when comparing different methods to elicit people’s preferences. People may then prefer A over B using one method while preferring B over A using another. Such preference reversals pose a significant problem for theoretical and applied research. We used a sample of medical and economics students to investigate preference reversals in the health and financial domain when choosing patients/clients. We explored whether preference reversals are associated with domain-relevant training and tested whether using guided ‘choice list’ elicitation reduces reversals. Our findings suggest that preference reversals were more likely to occur for medical students, within the health domain, and for open-ended valuation questions. Familiarity with a domain reduced the likelihood of preference reversals in that domain. Although preference reversals occur less frequently within specialist domains, they remain a significant theoretical and practical problem. The use of clearer valuation procedures offers a promising approach to reduce preference reversals.
Media consumption and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown: a UK cross-sectional study across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
Authors: Neill Ruth D , Blair Carolyn , Best Paul , McGlinchey Emily , Armour Cherie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimAs individuals adjust to new ‘norms’ and ways of living during the COVID-19 lockdown, there is a continuing need for up-to-date information and guidance. Evidence suggests that frequent media exposure is related to a higher prevalence of mental health problems, especially anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to determine whether COVID-19 related media consumption is associated with changes in mental health outcomes.MethodsThis paper presents baseline data from the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study. The cross-sectional study data was collected using an online survey following the Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), with some other basic information collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the influence of socio-demographic and media specific factors on anxiety and depression.ResultsThe study suggested that media usage is statistically significantly associated with anxiety and depression on the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales with excessive media exposure related to higher anxiety and depression scores.ConclusionThis study indicated that higher media consumption was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression. Worldwide it should be acknowledged that excessive media consumption, particularly social media relating to COVID-19, can have an effect on mental health. However, as this was a cross-sectional study we cannot infer any directionality as we cannot infer cause and effect; therefore, future research involving longitudinal data collection and analyses of variables over time is warranted.
Exploring digital image correlation technique for the analysis of the tensile properties of all-cellulose composites
Authors: Chen Feng , Bouvard Jean-Luc , Sawada Daisuke , Pradille Christophe , Hummel Michael , Sixta Herbert , Budtova Tatiana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
All-cellulose composites (ACCs) were prepared from filter paper via partial dissolution in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, and material tensile properties were investigated using various approaches. One is based on data directly taken from a tensile testing machine, and the other uses two-cameras stereovision with digital image correlation (DIC) technique. In the latter case, virtual extensometer with different locations on the sample and averaging over sample surface were tested. Nominal and true stress–strain dependences were built and Young's modulus, tensile strength, elongation at maximal stress and toughness were evaluated as a function of ACC density. A minor difference was observed for the stress–strain dependences derived from different approaches which use the DIC technique, most probably because of low ACC deformation. However, the results reveal that the nominal stress–strain curve from DIC is significantly different from that which is directly derived from the data provided by machine sensors thus strongly impacting Young’s modulus and elongation at break values. This study provides an insight into the evaluation of the mechanical properties of ACCs.

Graphic abstract
Beyond one-way determinism: San Frediano’s miracle and climate change in Central and Northern Italy in late antiquity
Authors: Zanchetta Giovanni , Bini Monica , Bloomfield Kevin , Izdebski Adam , Vivoli Nicola , Regattieri Eleonora , Isola Ilaria , Drysdale Russell N. , Bajo Petra , Hellstrom John C. , Wiśniewski Robert , Fallick Anthony E. , Natali Stefano , Luppichini Marco 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntegrating palaeoclimatological proxies and historical records, which is necessary to achieve a more complete understanding of climate impacts on past societies, is a challenging task, often leading to unsatisfactory and even contradictory conclusions. This has until recently been the case for Italy, the heart of the Roman Empire, during the transition between Antiquity and the Middle Ages. In this paper, we present new high-resolution speleothem data from the Apuan Alps (Central Italy). The data document a period of very wet conditions in the sixth c. AD, probably related to synoptic atmospheric conditions similar to a negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. For this century, there also exist a significant number of historical records of extreme hydroclimatic events, previously discarded as anecdotal. We show that this varied evidence reflects the increased frequency of floods and extreme rainfall events in Central and Northern Italy at the time. Moreover, we also show that these unusual hydroclimatic conditions overlapped with the increased presence of “water miracles” in Italian hagiographical accounts and social imagination. The miracles, performed by local Church leaders, strengthened the already growing authority of holy bishops and monks in Italian society during the crucial centuries that followed the “Fall of the Roman Empire”. Thus, the combination of natural and historical data allows us to show the degree to which the impact of climate variability on historical societies is determined not by the nature of the climatic phenomena per se, but by the culture and the structure of the society that experienced it.
Whose Life is it Anyway? Exploring the Social Relations of High-Conflict Divorce Cases in Southern Norway
Authors: Bertelsen Bård 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe paper reports on findings from an empirical study based on qualitative interviews with Norwegian parents identified as part of a high-conflict divorce situation and interviews with caseworkers from a child welfare service. The site of study is an institutional circuit of concern, assessment, and referral involving the court, child welfare services, and a public family therapy service. The paper draws on the social ontology and analytic concepts of institutional ethnography and adopts parents’ standpoint to explore how their knowledge and experience are shaped through encounters with professionals in the process of being identified and assessed as a high-conflict divorce case. The focus on people’s doings and their expert knowledge about their doings sets institutional ethnographic research apart from more conventional forms of qualitative inquiry that focus on informants’ inner experience. The paper highlights how a generalized professional discourse seems to permeate the work that parents and caseworkers jointly engage in, sometimes subsuming the knowledge and experience of those involved. When the issues of life as subjectively known and experienced are different from those of the institutional discourse, there is a danger that what is important to those whose lives they concern escapes the dialogue between parents and professionals.
Does the Association Between Flows of People and Crime Differ Across Crime Types in Sweden?
Authors: Gerell Manne 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPlaces with persistently high levels of crime, hot spots, are an important object of study. To some extent, the high levels of crime at such hot spots are likely to be related to flows of people. City center locations with large flows of people are quite often also hot spots, e.g., hot spots for pick pocketing at a central train station, or hot spots for assault in the nightlife district. This can be related to crime pattern theory, or to the routine activity perspective, which both suggest that flows of people can affect crime. The present study attempts to explore and quantify whether there are differences in the association between flows of people and crime for different crime types. The analysis considers locations with high crime counts for six crime types in the city of Malmö, Sweden. For each crime type, hot spots are identified and mapped, and in order to explore whether, or how, these are related to flows of people, the crime levels are then analyzed in relation to the number of people who boarded a local bus (N = 33,134,198) nearby. The paper shows that all six crime types are associated with flows of people, although less so for arson and vandalism. This is hypothesized to be due to the relatively constant target availability for these crimes as opposed to the other crime types studied.
The electrophysiological tests in the early detection of the visual pathway dysfunction in patients with microadenoma
Authors: Lachowicz Ewelina , Lubiński Wojciech , Gosławski Wojciech , Andrysiak-Mamos Elżbieta , Kaźmierczyk-Puchalska Agnieszka , Syrenicz Anhelli 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the validity of electrophysiological tests in the early diagnosis of a ganglion cells and/or optic nerve dysfunction in patients with pituitary microadenoma.

Methods
66 eyes, from 33 patients with microadenoma with no evidence of the optic chiasm compression in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the visual impairment in the routine ophthalmological examination, standard static perimetry (24-2 white on white) and optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT), were analysed. The pattern electroretinogram (PERG), standard pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEPs) and multichannel visual evoked potentials (mVEPs) (ISCEV standards) were performed. The results obtained from the electrophysiological tests were compared to the same number of age-matched healthy controls.

Results
Statistically significant differences between the patients with microadenoma and healthy controls were detected in all electrophysiological tests (p < 0.001). The most frequent abnormalities were observed in mVEPs (25/33 patients, 75.8%; 43/66 eyes, 65.2%). The most frequent features registered in this test were: (1°4′)—an increase in the P100wave latency from uncrossed fibres (13/33 patients, 39.39%; 21/66 eyes, 31.8%) and (0°16′)—an amplitude reduction of this wave from the crossed fibres (11/33 patients, 33.33%; 19/66 eyes, 28.8%). The changes in PVEPs (15/33 patients, 45.5%; 25/66 eyes, 37.9%) and PERG (10/33 patients, 30.3%; 15/66 eyes, 22.7%) were also registered. Of all the tests and parameters analysed in the study, the greatest diagnostic value in detecting the visual pathway dysfunction in this group of patients was the amplitude of P100 wave from the crossed fibres of the mVEPs (1°4′) with a sensitivity of 60.6% and a specificity of 93.8%. These parameters suggest that this type of dysfunction is downstream to the chiasm and can also indicate the visual pathway dysfunction severity.

Conclusions
In patients with microadenoma, the abnormalities in the electrophysiological tests are registered even without clinical evidence of visual impairment from the routine ophthalmological examination, SAP, OCT and chiasmal compression in MRI. The mVEPs have the most significant role in the diagnosis of the visual pathway dysfunction in patients with microadenoma.