bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on phytoplankton diversity of Batang Toru River and its surrounding, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Asriansyah A , Wildan D M , Pratiwi N T M , Simanjuntak C P H , Sulistiono  , Hestirianoto T , Shafrudin D , Nugroho T 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Batang Toru River which is located in South Tapanuli, North Sumatra, is quite widely used for various purposes, i.e. domestic uses, fisheries and tourism activities. Phytoplankton study at 13-14 stations which are distributed from the area near the upstream to the estuary of Batang Toru River was conducted for 3 months i.e. April, July, and October 2019. In each sampling station, water quality environment i.e. temperature, transparency, turbidity, pH and DO were also observed. Data analysis including phytoplankton abundance, diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), and dominance index (C) of the organism. Generally, water quality in all stations were still in accordance with the quality standards for aquatic life. During the study period, a total of five classes of phytoplankton were recorded, namely Bacillariophyceae (represented by 26 genera), Chlorophyceae (15 genera), Cyanophyceae (7 genera), Dinophyceae (1 genus), and Eiglenophyceae (2 genera). Diversity, Evenness and Dominance Indices varied with range of 0.377-1.847, 0.503-1.000 and 0.187-0.781, respectively. Based on the status of the phytoplankton community structure, the ecological status of the Batang Toru River is classified as moderate.
Bioaccumulation of lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) in green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) in Cengkok Coastal Waters, Banten Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Melinda T , Samosir A M , Sulistiono  , Simanjuntak C P H 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Banten Bay potentially receives pollutants such as heavy metals from various anthropogenic activities operating around the bay. Cengkok Coastal Waters, as part of Banten Bay, has a variety of fishery commodities, including green mussels (Perna viridis). This paper identifies the risks of heavy metal contamination by quantifying the bioaccumulation of Pb and Hg in the green mussel tissue. The study was conducted from March to August 2019. Analytical results indicate concentrations of Pb and Hg in the range of 0.005-0.044 mg/kg and 0.012-0.036 mg/kg, respectively. These results were still below the established national standards by SNI (2009) for fresh food and BPOM (2018) for processed food. These concentrations suggest that green mussel found in Cengkok Coastal Waters and surrounding areas are still suitable for consumption by the local community as long as they do not exceed the permissible limits, namely, 0.7 kg meat/week (for children) and 2.4 kg meat/week (for adults).
The effectiveness of the electricity and LPG for the sustainability of Sandfishes Holothuria scabra drying process on small islands
Authors: Pramana R , Akhirman  , Irawan H 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The small islands are suitable as Aquaculture location for Sandfishes Holothuria scabra, because of the pristine water conditions. The harvested Sandfishes sometimes marketed dried, but most of it marketed fresh because the drying process took a long time using the sun heat, and needs fully standby if use heat from firewood. Both methods have conditions that depend on nature; if in rainy weather, the sun heat is unavailable and firewood becomes wet, that makes fire unavailable so that the drying process should stop. The alternative energy sources on the small island potentially used for drying the Sandfishes are the communal electricity, which commonly operates for 12 hours, and the Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) 3 Kg that is regularly using for daily cooking purposes. Using electric energy and LPG for drying can apply to an oven. Drying experiment results at a temperature of 50 °C for 12 hours in an electric oven gained average weight shrinkage of 83.9%, and LPG gained an average weight loss of 87.8% were significantly different based on the Independent Samples t-Test. Cost for 12 hours of electricity consumption is IDR 3,960 lower than the LPG consumption, which is IDR 5,833. Oven production capacity is 32 fresh Sandfishes weight of 500 g, which produces Sandfishes dry weight around 2 kg within the selling price class of IDR 2.2 million/kg.
Evaluation of crude ethanolic extract of aquatic plants as inhibition zone against Flavobacterium columnare
Authors: Novita H , Nugraha M F I , Firmania kn R , Fadjar M. , Radjamuddin M A L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Three different aquatic plants Selaginellaplana (Desv. Ex. Poir) Hieron, Ludwigiaadscendens (L.) H. Hara, dan Ephitemabenthamii C. B. Clarke were collected from South Sulawesi and crude extracts all of plants parts were prepared in ethanol. This extracts were checked for the presence of inhibitory zone by agar well diffusion method against gram negative Flavobacteriumcolumnare bacterial. Furthermore Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) testing has been done for crude extract of plants. Extracts of three plants prepared in ethanol showed relatively inhibitory zone to Flavobacterium columnareand two extracts of above plants were positive in MIC and MBC.
Potential of antibacterial compound from extract of the green algae Bornetella sp
Authors: Bahrun  , Soekamto N H , Firdaus  , Akbar A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Antibiotics resistance has become an obstacle in the treatment of various types of diseases caused by bacterial infections. The investigation of secondary metabolites from macroalgae as antibiotic reference compounds can be done as an effort to overcome this problem. Potential test for antibacterial compounds from green algae Bornetellasp has been carried out against Escherecia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The secondary metabolite extraction process was carried out using a multilevel maceration method using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol as solvents. The extract obtained was then tested for phytochemicals and their activity against the tested bacteria by the paper disc diffusion method. The test results obtained showed that the chloroform extract had the highest activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 16.33 ±1.18 mm against E. coli and 14.26 ±0.69 mm against S. aureus. The presence of secondary metabolites of the alkaloid, steroid, phenolic and flavonoid groups based on the results of phytochemical screening is the cause of this activity.
Control of bacterial leaf blight disease in several varieties of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) by using bacteria of Paenibacilus polymyxa Mace
Authors: Sopialena  , Suyadi  , Jannah R , Tantiani D 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBacterial Leaf Blight Disease caused by bacteriaXanthomonas oryzaepv.Oryzaeis an endemic disease found in all rice plantation in Indonesia. The bacteria infects plants from the vegetative to generative phase and is able to reduce production by up to 30%. Most of farmers control the disease by using chemical pesticides that cause pollution to the environment. While this study offers control by using biological pesticides with the bacteriaPaenibacilus polymyxaMace. The research aims to control Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease usingP. polymyxaMace in several varieties of rice plants (Oryza sativaL.) as well as to obtain effective concentrations ofP. polymyxaMace Bio agent to control Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease. Experiments were conducted using Split-plot design with 3 (three) replication. The main plot was the Concentration ofP. PolymyxaMace consist of 4 levels, they were P0=Control/Untreated, P1=2.5 mL.L-1 water, P2=5 mL.L-1 water, P3=7.5 mL.L-1 water, and as a Sub Plot was a Variety (V) consist of 3 levels, they were V1=Cibogo Variety, V2=Mekongga Variety, V3=Ciherang Variety. The results showed that that the Mekongga variety is the most resistant variety to the pathogenXanthomonas oryzaepv. Oryzae. The use ofP. PolymyxaMace as biological agents effective to control Bacterial Leaf Blight caused by the pathogenX oryzaepv. Oryzae on several rice plant varieties (Oryza sativaL.), and the best concentration ofP. PolymyxaMace to control Bacterial Leaf Blight disease was 5 mL.L-1 water.
Water-system changes in swampy rice agro-ecosystems area and their economic impacts on farmers in South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Purbiyanti E , Sjarkowi F , Adriani D , Antoni M , Alamsyah I , Yulius  , Yudhistira N , Utami G 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Conversion of land encompasses not only changes inthe use of land for cultivation of food to non-food product but also includes the conversion of land in use to unused land. Changes in the management of water in the area of agro-ecosystem in Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) District has resulted in a change of use of paddy swampy land. Research was aimed :1) to analyze the differences in the income of farmers of rice due to the changes management water in the area of agro-ecosystems; and 2) to analyze the level of welfare of the rice farmers after adapting to the current environmental conditions. Research was carried out in the Belanti Village, Sirah Pulau Padang District, Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Location was selected purposively as the village was exposed to routine annual flood since 2008. The farmers has experinced crop and harvest failure, despite the fact that it has served as rice granary since 1992. As survey method with structured questionaires was applied in this research. Sampling was conducted purposively against 42 rice farmers who experienced crop failure. The primary and secondary data were collected and then subjected to land rent value analysis and t-test analysis. Results showed that: 1) changes in water management have reduced household income of farmers by 50.06%; and 2) the level of welfare of rice farmers is still low even though they have made adaptation efforts. To improve the quality of living for farmers affected by flooding, there is a need for integrated cooperation between the government of the country, palm plantation companies, and farmers.
Innovation study of the leading commodity agroecological zone in the Central Aceh Region
Authors: Nasution A , Alemina E 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Central Region of Aceh including of Bener Meriah, Central Aceh, Gayo Lues and Southeast Aceh districts, are the highland area of Aceh which has the potential to produce various agricultural commodities. However, the development of agricultural patterns in changing land uses has an impact on a sustainable agricultural system. This Agroecological Zone Innovation study aims to identify development priorities for leading agricultural commodities and the suitability of commodities cultivated by farmers with existing land. The results of the study show that the plants are included in the main development priority group, exist in the community, are proposed for development by farmers and are suitable for development based on the analysis of the expert system in Bener Meriah are coffee, tomatoes, avocados and oranges; in Central Aceh does not exist, in Gayo Lues are shallots and red chilies; and in Southeast Aceh is corn. Expert system analysis with agroecological zone input shows that in general the four districts in the Central Region of Aceh are suitable for the development of plantation, paddy and secondary, vegetables and fruits crops where their locations are spread across almost all sub-districts of Aceh Central Region.
Corporate social responsibility reporting of agriculture companies: evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Ika S R , Akbar FA , Puspitasari D , Sumbodo B T , Widagdo A K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This research investigates the extent of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting of agriculture companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Specifically, this research attempts to compare the level of CSR reporting before and after the issuance of The Capital Market and Financial Institution Supervisory Agency (Bapepam LK) Regulation No X.K.6 in 2012 related to the content of CSR disclosure in the corporate annual report. This research also examines company characteristics, which may influence the extent of corporate CSR reporting, namely, profitability and firms size. The annual report of 12 agriculture companies for three years (2011 to 2013) was used as a sample. The CSR reporting level was analyzed using content analysis based on an index under the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G3 sustainability framework. The index consists of voluntary and mandatory disclosure under the X.K.6 regulation. The paired-sample t-test indicates that the CSR disclosure level increased in 2012, immediately after the regulation issuance (significant at 5 per cent level). When this study categorizes the disclosure into mandatory and voluntary, the results suggest that both disclosures after the new rule are greater than those before the rule comes. These results indicate that the new rule’s issuance imposes companies to do more CSR activities, thereby improving the company’s annual report’s disclosure level. In terms of factors influencing CSR reporting, size positively influence CSR reporting in the agriculture industry. The result indicates that the larger the firm, the more resources available for the firm to do CSR activities reported in the company annual report.
Genetic variation of seven years old Araucaria cunninghamii progeny test in Bondowoso East Java
Authors: Setiadi D , Mashudi  , Hadiyan Y , Susanto M , Baskorowati L , Pujiono S , Adinugraha H A , Sulaeman M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Araucaria cunninghamii is conifer trees with great commercial value for tropical and sub-tropical region. The genetic variation in growth i.e: height, diameter, volume was examined on 7 years old of A. cunninghamii progeny test at the area of Forest for Special Purpose (KHDTK) in Bondowoso, East Java. The progeny trial included 80 families from six provenances, with four replications and four trees in each row plots. The analysis showed that there were great variations of genetic growth within provenances and between provenances. It was discovered that A. cunninghamii from Fak-fak Papua had the best height growth (mean height= 10.65 m with volume mean annual increments =8.39 m 3 ha-1 year-1), while A. cunninghamii from Serui Papua had the best diameter growth (mean diameter =15.84 cm). The individual heritability for height and diameter were classified as moderate (h 2i = 0.16; 0.30). The genetic correlation between the height and diameter was quite strong (r g = 0.79). As a result of the findings, the future genetic program strategy in the research will focus on increasing genetic biodiversity for the species in order to increase Mean Annual Increment (MAI) for supplying Indonesia’s wood demand.. The genetic diversity will be achieved through some steps in the strategy i.e: best genetic growth selection within provenances; combining of genetic of the best growth between provenances; and establishment of the progeny trial for next generations.
The role of urban household wood product consumption on forest management and its impact: a system modelling simulation approach in Bogor City
Authors: Abdulah L , Suhendang E , Purnomo H , Matangaran J R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The term consumption of wood products has not yet become a significant consideration in regulating timber forest products in Indonesia. The result is that tree harvesting is not based on the size of its utilization. This situation will impact the piling up of harvested wood and reduce the price of wood and forested land’s economic value. Otherwise, timber needs are not fulfilled to carry out illegal logging to meet their needs. Errors in using basic data will improve environmental damage like carbon storage. This problem must be seen as a system. For this reason, this study aims to recommend strategies for meeting the needs of trees and timber to maintain forest productivity. The method used is system dynamics analysis. The results showed that emissions from wood products’ utility in households are 14 t in natural forests and only 2 t from plantation forests. The scenario of promoting the use of wood is carried out, the community will use solid wood and composite wood products more widely, and the use of wood in roof construction tends to be constant.
Resilience of forest village communities in the implementation of the community forest policy
Authors: Tjoa M , Iskar  , Latukau S H 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The implementation of the Community Forestry (HKm) program in a community group causes changes in community land management and becomes a challenge for sustainable forest management. This study aims to determine the level of ability (resilience) of the community to survive in the face of changes in community forestry policies. The approach used in this research is qualitative and quantitative. The survey method was used by conducting interviews to collect data from groups and other community members as well as key informants. The results showed that the level of community resilience in implementing Social Forestry policies adhered to indicators of natural resources, socio-culture, and economics concluded that there were several aspects that became the reasons for group members to stay in HKm including system functioning parameters (average 65%), income (average 37%), participation (average 88%) and capacity (average 82%).
The role of stakeholders in ecotourism development in Marsegu Island Nature Tourism Park (MINTP) in Western Seram Regency, Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Lelloltery H , Puttileihalat M M S , Sitanala M , Seipalla B B , Kunda R M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to 1) Identifying stakeholders involved in ecotourism activities and 2) Analyze the role of stakeholders in support ecotourism activities in MINTP Western Seram Regency. A survey method with interview technique and Focus Group Discussions The data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively using stakeholder analysis. The stakeholder identification results showed that the primary stakeholder is the community in coastal villages around Kotania Bay. The key stakeholder is Nature Conservation Agency, Maluku and North Maluku. Supporting stakeholders are the private sector and academics, supporting capital dan facilities, and providing education and natural resources research. The results showed that each stakeholder is performed functions partially; therefore, it is necessary to have a collaboration management.
Coral reef condition in the coastal waters of Kei Besar Island, Southeast Maluku-Indonesia
Authors: Sahetapy D , Limon G V , Tetelepta J M S , Pattikawa J A , Rijoly F , Masrikat J A N , Loupatty S R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A study on coral reefs condition in the coastal waters of Kei Besar Island was conducted in 2019 with the aimed to provide data on taxa composition, density and colony diameter of stony corals, coral reefs condition, and ecological indices of the coral community. It was found during the study that there are 17 families of stony coral, which consist of 62 genera and 206 species. Among those species of stony coral, 79 species are classified as protected species and 50 species as ornamental coral. Coral families of Acroporidae, Faviidae, Fungiidae, and Poritidae have high species richness. The density of stony coral colonies between reef stations ranged from 3.0 colonies m−2 (low) with a relatively large colony diameter until 16.3 colonies m−2 (high) with a small coral colony diameter. The only one reef station was in Excellent condition, while seven reef stations in Good, four reef stations in Fair, and two coral reef sites were in Poor condition. The coral community in the coastal waters of Kei Besar Island had moderate species diversity of stony coral and low species dominance with stable condition.
Diversity of parrotfish in Ambon Island waters, Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Loupatty S R , Limmon G V , Rijoly F , Tetelepta J M S , Pattikawa J A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ambon is small island belongs to Maluku Province, Eastern Indonesia. The waters of this island has great potential of marine resources such as Echinoderms, Molluscs, Crustaceans, and Fishes. Coral reef ecosystem in this area make its marine waters has variety of reef fishes. One of the reef fish is parrotfish, which is important economically and ecologically. This research was conducted to study diversity of parrotfishes in Ambon Island waters. Samples were collected through UVC method and purposive sampling method at fish markets and fish landing sites in 2015-2017. It was found that parrotfish in Ambon Island waters consist of 29 species and 6 genera i.e. 15 species and four genera from UVC sampling and 25 species and six genera from sampling at fish markets and fish landing sites. 15 of those parrotfish has been successfully validated by DNA barcoding. Total density of parrotfish in the southern waters of Ambon Island was 318 ind./ha.
Density and abundance of sea cucumber at seagrass ecosystem in Paperu Waters, Saparua Bay, Maluku
Authors: Manuputty G D , Luhulima Y , Pattinasarany M M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sea cucumbers, Holothurians, are high economic value resources according to their utilization for food and medicine. Due to the roles affect the increasing of sea cucumber exploitation in natural, the sea cucumbers are consequently categorized as endangered species. People in Saparua Island have been utilized the resources for years, including people in Paperu. Hence, the research was carried out to analyze the density and abundance of sea cucumber species at the seagrass ecosystem on Paperu Waters Saparua Bay. The research was conducted in October 2017 by using the linear transect method which consisted of three stations and 9 transects. The results showed that no less than eight species were found on the site, which were classified into one order, two families, and three genera. The eight species are approximately found in various densities and abundance, i.e. Bohadschia bivittata, B. marmorata, B. vitiensis, Holothuria atra, H. edulis, H. leucospilota, H. scabra, and Stichopus horrens. The highest density and abundance was found at species Bohadschia vitiensis and B. bivittata, respectively 0,16 ind.m−2 and 5.336 ind, while the lowest density and abundance were found at species H. leucospilota (0,04 ind.m−2 and 1.334 ind).
Marine fisheries zoning based on adat sasi indigenous local wisdom: A technical overview
Authors: Djunarsjah E , Putra A P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
On Haruku Island, Maluku Province, there is Adat Sasi where fishing activities and their use are regulated based on the culture of the local community from hereditary inherited from their ancestors. Adat Sasi is a prohibition against taking natural products in the form of agriculture and marine fisheries before the specified time so that the environment is preserved. On the other hand, Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government regulates the boundaries of provincial authority in the sea area. The question is whether the fishing zone which is bound by Adat Sasi follows the National regulation? In this paper, Marine Fisheries Zoning Based on Adat Sasi Indigenous Local Wisdom is technically reviewed based on the principle of hydrography, which is one of the scientific fields related to positioning activities at sea. The methodology used is to search for information on the boundaries of the fishing zone that is tied to Adat Sasi, and then quantify it numerically to be compared with the Sea Boundary Map of Maluku Province. The results of the study indicate that the fishing zone boundary which is related to Adat Sasi is approximately 5.04 km from the coastline. While the provincial authority in the sea area is as far as 22.2 km. Thus, the Provincial Government has the opportunity to expand the fishing zone based on Adat Sasi or have other alternatives to determine zoning for coastal areas by considering Adat Sasi in the framework of sustainable nature conservation.