bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chaihuang Qingyi Huoxue granule ameliorates severe acute pancreatitis by modulating gut microbiota and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier
Authors: Zhang Xiaobin , Zeng Xusen , Guo Wen , Zhou Xin , Zhang Yi , Tang Mingyun , Fu Juan , Deng Yuqing , Liang Xin , Zhao Long , Li Zhi , Wang Tiangang , Li Li , Xiao Guohui 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDuring severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier and translocation of intestinal pathogenic bacteria are key mechanisms that accelerate the disease progression of SAP. Chaihuang Qingyi Huoxue Granule (CH) is a herbal formula used in the clinical treatment of SAP. This study aims to investigate the role of CH in regulating gut microbiota and intestinal mucosal barrier in SAP rats.MethodsSodium taurocholate (3.5%) was retrogradely perfused into the biliopancreatic duct to establish the model of SAP in rats. CH (4.4 g/kg) was administered by gavage. Serum amylase, lipase, and endotoxin levels were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe morphological changes in the pancreas and colon. The expression of zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in the colon was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot. 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota of the rats. The content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestinal contents of the rats was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).ResultsCH reduced serum amylase, lipase, and endotoxin levels in SAP rats, alleviated pathological damage in the pancreas and colon, and restored the expression of ZO-1 and occludin. Moreover, CH alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis in SAP rats, with restored gut microbiota diversity and structure. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes increased, while that of Proteobacteria decreased. At the genus level, the abundance of Ruminococcus 1, Parabacteroides, Prevotellaceae UCG-001, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, and Lactobacillus increased, while that of Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, and Enterobacter decreased. In addition, CH increased the levels of SCFAs in the intestinal contents of SAP rats.ConclusionCH ameliorates SAP by maintaining the homeostasis and diversity of the gut microbiota, increasing the levels of SCFAs, and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier.
Changes of metabolic parameters, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in response to substitution of ferrous sulfate with iron hydroxy methionine analog chelate in weaned piglets
Authors: Fu Yuemeng , Zhou Guohui , Liu Yuhang , Yuan Xuejun , Jiao Ning , Lu Wenbiao , Yang Weiren 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionPrevious studies have suggested that dietary organic iron offers health advantages compared to its inorganic counterpart. However, the effects of iron hydroxy methionine analog chelate (Fe-HMA) supplementation in weaned piglets have not been fully explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing ferrous sulfate with Fe-HMA as the iron source on serum biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in weaned piglets.MethodsOne hundred and twenty weaned piglets were randomly allocated to two treatment groups. Each group contained four replicates, with 15 pigs per replicate. Piglets were fed either 100 mg Fe/kg in the form of ferrous sulfate (Fe-sulfate group) or 50 mg Fe/kg in the form of Fe-HMA (Fe-HMA group) as the iron source for 28 days.Results and discussionResults showed that supplementing Fe-HMA as an iron source significantly increased the levels of triglycerides and glucose in portal venous serum, albumin in both serum and portal venous serum and decreased serum low-density lipoprotein level in weaned piglets. Additionally, Fe-HMA supplementation significantly reduced serum and liver malondialdehyde levels, while increasing catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total superoxide dismutase, and manganese superoxide dismutase levels in serum, as well as GSH-Px and CAT levels in the liver. Moreover, Fe-HMA regulated the intestinal microbiota composition, notably increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and decreasing microbes involved in aromatic_compound_degradation. In conclusion, dietary replacing inorganic iron with Fe-HMA improved metabolic parameters and antioxidant capacity, and regulated gut microbiota composition in weaned piglets.
Optimized workflow for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ablation using very high power short duration
Authors: Gigli Lorenzo , Preda Alberto , Testoni Alessio , Kotinas Alexios Sotirios , Tacchetto Andrea , Guarracini Fabrizio , Carbonaro Marco , Vargiu Sara , Varrenti Marisa , Colombo Giulia , Menè Roberto , Baroni Matteo , Frontera Antonio , Mazzone Patrizio 
Published: February 2025

Backgroundwide antral pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is effective for treating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), although time-demanding. We investigated the impact of a standardized ablation protocol by using a bidirectional transeptal steerable sheath, high-density mapping and very high-power-short-duration (vHPSD) catheters on procedure timing, efficacy, and safety.Methodsconsecutive PAF patients free from previous ablations undergoing PVI alone between January 2022 and March 2023 were prospectively enrolled. The standardized workflow included general anesthesia, a single transeptal puncture trough with a bidirectional, steerable visualizable sheath introduced into the left atrium accommodated a high density, penta-spline mapping catheter and a contact force sensor ablation catheter enabled to deliver vHPSD. Procedural data and electrophysiology (EP) laboratory times were systematically collected and analyzed. The primary endpoint was any AF or atrial tachycardia recurrence at 12 and 24 month follow up.Resultsthe study cohort was composed by 138 patients (mean age was 59 ± 11 years, 38% female) and successful PVI was achieved in 100% of cases. Overall, first pass isolation (PFI) was 93%, with a LA dwell time of 32 ± 4 min. Significant complications were reported in 3% of patients. Skin-to-skin time and total EP laboratory time were 58 ± 5 min and 85 ± 7 min, respectively. The primary endpoint was achieved by 9% and 12% of cases at 12 and 24 month follow up, respectively. Upper limit skin-to-skin time and missed FPI resulted predictors of the primary endpoint.ConclusionThis standardized workflow resulted in low procedural times and arrhythmias recurrence without compromising the safety.
Virtual reality for training emergency medicine residents in emergency scenarios: usefulness of a tutorial to enhance the simulation experience
Authors: Vittadello A. , Savino S. , Bressan S. , Costa M. , Boscolo A. , Sella N. , Pettenuzzo T. , Zarantonello F. , De Cassai A. , Chang T. , Navalesi P. , Mormando G. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionCritical events in healthcare require a rapid and coordinated approach: simulation has been demonstrated a valid technique for training in emergency. Virtual Reality (VR) is an innovative technology that has revolutionized simulation training and healthcare professional development. A key phase of a simulation session with manikin consists in a familiarization with setting and equipment. The primary objective of this study is to investigate whether familiarization with a VR tutorial can change the perception of cases.MethodsEmergency medicine residents were randomly assigned to the Intervention group (n = 21) who undergone familiarization tutorial prior to the clinical scenario to a Control group (n = 21) where no familiarization tutorial was provided before the clinical scenario.ResultsNo significant differences were found between the two groups regarding perceived ease of use, but the Intervention group found VR familiarization useful and the Control group found it necessary to implement a VR tutorial. VR training was generally perceived by learners as a useful technology for training as confirmed by the literature.DiscussionFamiliarization seems to be an important phase of simulation-based training for trainees, even when running a VR-based simulation for an emergency scenario; it should be incorporated into the clinical VR sessions for simulation in healthcare settings.
Developing and testing tele-support psychotherapy using mobile phones for depression among youth in Kampala district, Uganda: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nakimuli-Mpungu Etheldreda , Kwesiga Jeremiah Mutinye , Bwanika John Mark , Musinguzi Davis , Nakanyike Caroline , Iya Jane , Bakeera Kitaka Sabrina , Akimana Benedict , Hawkins Charlotte , Cavazos Patricia , Nachega Jean B. , Mills Edward J. , Seggane Musisi 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionIn the post-COVID-19 era, depressive disorders among youth have risen significantly, creating an urgent need for accessible, cost-effective mental health interventions. This study adapts Group Support Psychotherapy into Tele-Support Psychotherapy (TSP) via mobile phones. It aims to evaluate its feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness, and cost-efficiency in addressing mild to moderate depression among youth in central Uganda.Methods and analysisThis study will use a mixed-methods approach, starting with a qualitative phase to adapt Group Support Psychotherapy into Tele-Support Psychotherapy (TSP) via mobile phones. Guided by ecological theories and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), focus group discussions and interviews with youth, mental health professionals, and stakeholders will inform the development of a youth-tailored call platform integrated into Rocket Health Africa's telehealth services. Data will be analyzed using grounded theory and MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2022 to guide intervention adaptation. An open-label randomized controlled trial will enroll 300 youth (15–30 years) with mild to moderate depression from Kampala, Uganda, to evaluate Tele-Support Psychotherapy (TSP). Participants will be randomized to TSP with standard mental health services (SMHS) or SMHS alone. Primary outcomes include feasibility and acceptability, with secondary outcomes assessing cost-effectiveness, depressive symptom changes, and social support. Intention-to-treat analysis using structural equation modeling will evaluate treatment effects, complemented by qualitative insights into implementation barriers and facilitators.DiscussionThis study protocol develops and evaluates Tele-Support Psychotherapy (TSP) for youth depression in resource-limited settings, addressing mental health gaps exacerbated by COVID-19. Using user-centered design and mixed methods, it explores TSP's feasibility, adaptability, and cost-effectiveness while addressing barriers like technology literacy, laying the groundwork for accessible digital mental health solutions.Trial RegistrationPACTR202201684613316.
Bridging language barriers in healthcare: a patient-centric mobile app for multilingual health record access and sharing
Authors: Solomou Theodoros , Mappouras Stelios , Kyriacou Efthyvoulos , Constantinou Ioannis , Antoniou Zinonas , Canciu Ionut Cristian , Neophytou Marios , Lantos Zoltan , Schizas Christos N. , Pattichis Constantinos S. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAccess to health data for patients is hindered by a fragmented healthcare system and the absence of unified, patient-centric solutions. Additionally, there are no mechanics for easy sharing of medical records with healthcare providers, risking incomplete diagnoses. To further intensify the problem, when patients seek care abroad, language barriers may prevent foreign doctors from understanding their health data, further complicating treatment.MethodsOur study presents the development and evaluation of a mobile application designed to enable users to access and share their health records directly from their device, in multiple languages, ensuring ease of use and convenience. The solution utilizes OpenNCP for translating patient summaries into multiple languages and the FHIR Smart Health Links Protocol for secure sharing. We conducted a user acceptance study with 45 participants to evaluate our mobile app's interface and functionality.ResultsThe feedback was positive, highlighting the app's user-friendliness and usefulness. The participants felt it would enhance communication between physicians and patients and the features of sharing and translating are going to give more control of their medical data to the patients.DiscussionBased on the results and participants feedback, our mobile solution significantly enhances healthcare accessibility and efficiency by enabling easy access and sharing of health records in multiple languages, using relevant protocols and standards, reducing medical errors and ensuring personalized care.
Using nature-based citizen science initiatives to enhance nature connection and mental health
Authors: Oh Rachel R. Y. , Suarez-Castro Andres F. , Fuller Richard A. , Tervo Michael , Rozario Kevin , Peters Birte , Chowdhury Shawan , von Gönner Julia , Friedrichs-Manthey Martin , Berger Ambros , Schultz Tracy , Dean Angela J. , Tulloch Ayesha , Bonn Aletta 
Published: February 2025

The global rise in mental health issues underscores the critical importance of assessing the mental health benefits of engaging with nature. Beyond their primary aim of involving citizens in scientific data collection, nature-based citizen science initiatives offer significant potential for enhancing outcomes related to conservation (e.g., connection to nature) and human health and wellbeing (e.g., emotions, depression, stress, anxiety). However, the effectiveness of various types of initiatives in achieving specific outcomes remain unclear. This study evaluates changes in eight outcomes related to nature connection and health and wellbeing before and after participation in five initiatives in Australia and Germany. These initiatives varied in ecosystem type (urban parks, terrestrial forests and freshwater streams) and the participation duration (from 15 min to 48 h). We assessed three dimensions of connection to nature (Self, Experience and Perspective) measured by the Nature-Relatedness scale, mental health outcomes (symptoms of depression, stress and anxiety) using the DASS-21 scale, and emotional states (positive and negative emotions) using the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE). We found that while participants generally reported improvements across all measured outcomes, only participation in the Queensland Trust for Nature initiative, characterized by its extended duration and social interactions, demonstrated statistically significant enhancements in mental health and emotions after controlling for socio-economic confounders. These findings suggest that while short-term nature-based interventions can effectively alleviate anxiety and stress symptoms and boost emotions, significant changes in nature connection and depression may require more intensive interventions than what is available through typical citizen science experiences. We advocate for reframing nature-based initiatives as integral components of broader health-promoting strategies. By aligning citizen science efforts with health promotion frameworks, these initiatives can achieve greater impact and simultaneously advance scientific understanding, support conservation strategies while improving human health.
Temporal lags and carbon-water coupling in the dry-hot valleys of southwest China over the past two decades
Authors: Wang Dawei , Jia Duni , Zhang Yao , Tao Xin , Han Feibing , Ma Yanbin , Guo Yu , Li Jinshan , Li Lili 
Published: February 2025

Water use efficiency (WUE), as an important parameter of ecosystem carbon-water cycle, is an important index to assess vulnerability to extreme drought events. However, little was known about the corresponding cumulative and lagged responses of WUE to drought in the dry and hot valleys of Southwest China. This region is covered by alpine-valley landscapes, fragmented topographic features, Foehn Effect, where drought response mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study analyzed the spatial-temporal variation of WUE from 2000 to 2020 in Binchuan (BC) and Yuanmou (YM) regions and the time-lag and -accumulation effects of 12 monthly self-calibrating Palmer Drought Index (scPDSI) on the WUE. Given the variability of vegetation types, land use/cover change data was used to investigate the variability of WUE between the two areas. Subsequently, the Pearson Correlation coefficient (Pearson, R) analysis, considering the influence of drought on time-lag and -accumulation effects, was used to analyze the response mechanism of water use efficiency to scPDSI in BC and YM comparatively. The results show that (1) From 2001 to 2020, BC’s average annual WUE was 2.59 gC m−2 mm−1, and YM’s was 2.84 gC·m−2·mm−1, with similar spatial distributions. (2) Over the past 2 decades, BC’s WUE increased steadily at a rate of 0.012 gC m-2 mm−1 a−1, while Yuanmou’s WUE grew at 0.0082 gC m-2 mm−1 a−1. (3) The lag response of WUE to drought is minimal in both regions, with BC’s cultivated land showing greater sensitivity to drought than YM. (4) The cumulative effect of drought on WUE across different land uses in both BC and YM is generally small, with the lowest sensitivity in forest land to drought.
Cervical cancer screening utilization among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tizazu Michael Amera , Demsash Addisalem Workie , Mamo Tadesse , Kebede Tirusew Nigussie , Mihretie Abebe , Mamo Negash Kassa , Amogne Fetene Kassahun , Wubetu Abate Dargie 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundCancer of the cervix is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, with about over 660 000 new cases and approximately ninety-four percent of the 350 000 cervical cancer-related death happened in low- and middle-income countries. Effective screening initiatives are particularly crucial in preventing cervical cancer in women. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic literature review was to investigate the pooled prevalence of Ethiopian female healthcare professionals' cervical cancer screening utilization.MethodsPublished articles were searched from different major international databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Since Direct, Google Scholar). Direct Google searches were used for additional sources mainly for gray and preprint studies. This review included studies that reported either the use of cervical cancer screening or cervical cancer screening predictors in Ethiopia. All published and unpublished studies through May/2024 and reported in the English language were retrieved to assess eligibility for inclusion in this review. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies and Egger's test was used to assess the publication bias.ResultsIn order to calculate the pooled prevalence of cervical cancer screening, 2,919 female healthcare professionals participated in the review. Articles were published from 2015 to 2024. The pooled Utilization of cervical cancer screening in Ethiopia, as determined by a meta-analysis of ten articles was 13.59% (95% CI: 7.53, 19.65).Conclusion and recommendationThe estimated/pooled cervical cancer screening utilization was found to be lower than the World Health Organization recommendations as the estimator revealed in the meta-analysis. The low utilization of Cervical Cancer (CCa)screening practice despite they are healthcare professionals is a significant concern that can impact the broader efforts to combat cervical cancer. Based on the this reviews the authors recommend regular monitoring and evaluation of the CCa screening habits of healthcare professionals and the effectiveness of implemented interventions. It is necessary to explore the factors that enable or hinder CCa screening and address the issue through qualitative or mixed-method studies.
Predictors of severity and onset timing of immune-related adverse events in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Fang Qimei , Qian Yan , Xie Zhaolu , Zhao Hongqiong , Zheng Yang , Li Di 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo identify predictors of all-grade, grade ≥ 3, and onset time of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included cancer patients treated with ICIs at Chongqing Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital from 2018 to 2024. Logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were used to identify predictors of all-grade and grade ≥ 3 irAEs and the time of irAE onset.ResultsAmong the 3,795 patients analyzed, 1,101 (29.0%) developed all-grade irAEs, and 175 (4.6%) experienced grade ≥ 3 irAEs. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that female (OR = 1.37, p &lt; 0.001), combination therapy (OR = 1.87, p &lt; 0.001), pre-existing autoimmune diseases (AIDs) (OR = 5.15, p &lt; 0.001), pre-existing cirrhosis (OR = 1.34, p = 0.001), antibiotic use during ICIs treatment (OR = 1.51, p &lt; 0.001), and a higher baseline prognostic nutritional index (PNI) (OR = 1.23, p = 0.01) were significant predictors for the development of all-grade irAEs. The predictors for grade ≥ 3 irAEs included age ≥ 60 (OR = 1.49, p = 0.023) and pre-existing AIDs (OR = 2.09, p = 0.005), For the onset time, predictors included female (HR = 1.26, p = 0.001), combination therapy (HR = 1.80, p &lt; 0.001), pre-existing AIDs (HR = 2.25, p &lt; 0.001), and pre-existing infection (HR = 1.20, p = 0.008).ConclusionsFemales, combination therapy, pre-existing AIDs and cirrhosis, antibiotics, and a higher baseline PNI are associated with a higher risk of developing all-grade irAEs. Those aged ≥ 60 and with pre-existing AIDs face a higher risk of severe irAEs. Females, undergoing combination therapy, with pre-existing AIDs and infection generally experience a shorter time to irAEs onset. Multicentric prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings.