bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic and phenotypic analysis of the causal relationship between aging and COVID-19
Authors: Ying Kejun , Zhai Ranran , Pyrkov Timothy V. , Shindyapina Anastasia V. , Mariotti Marco , Fedichev Peter O. , Shen Xia , Gladyshev Vadim N. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Epidemiological studies revealed that the elderly and those with comorbidities are most affected by COVID-19, but it is important to investigate shared genetic mechanisms between COVID-19 risk and aging.

Methods
We conducted a multi-instrument Mendelian Randomization analysis of multiple lifespan-related traits and COVID-19. Aging clock models were applied to the subjects with different COVID-19 conditions in the UK-Biobank cohort. We performed a bivariate genomic scan for age-related COVID-19 and Mendelian Randomization analysis of 389 immune cell traits to investigate their effect on lifespan and COVID-19 risk.

Results
We show that the genetic variation that supports longer life is significantly associated with the lower risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization. The odds ratio is 0.31 (P = 9.7 × 10−6) and 0.46 (P = 3.3 × 10−4), respectively, per additional 10 years of life. We detect an association between biological age acceleration and future incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection. Genetic profiling of age-related COVID-19 infection indicates key contributions of Notch signaling and immune system development. We reveal a negative correlation between the effects of immune cell traits on lifespan and COVID-19 risk. We find that lower B-cell CD19 levels are indicative of an increased risk of COVID-19 and decreased life expectancy, which is further validated by COVID-19 clinical data.

Conclusions
Our analysis suggests that the factors that accelerate aging lead to an increased COVID-19 risk and point to the importance of Notch signaling and B cells in both. Interventions that target these factors to reduce biological age may reduce the risk of COVID-19.
Beyond base excision repair: an evolving picture of mitochondrial DNA repair
Authors: Allkanjari Kathrin , Baldock Robert A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mitochondria are highly specialised organelles required for key cellular processes including ATP production through cellular respiration and controlling cell death via apoptosis. Unlike other organelles, mitochondria contain their own DNA genome which encodes both protein and RNA required for cellular respiration. Each cell may contain hundreds to thousands of copies of the mitochondrial genome, which is essential for normal cellular function – deviation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number is associated with cellular ageing and disease. Furthermore, mtDNA lesions can arise from both endogenous or exogenous sources and must either be tolerated or corrected to preserve mitochondrial function. Importantly, replication of damaged mtDNA can lead to stalling and introduction of mutations or genetic loss, mitochondria have adapted mechanisms to repair damaged DNA. These mechanisms rely on nuclear-encoded DNA repair proteins that are translocated into the mitochondria.
Despite the presence of many known nuclear DNA repair proteins being found in the mitochondrial proteome, it remains to be established which DNA repair mechanisms are functional in mammalian mitochondria. Here, we summarise the existing and emerging research, alongside examining proteomic evidence, demonstrating that mtDNA damage can be repaired using Base Excision Repair (BER), Homologous Recombination (HR) and Microhomology-mediated End Joining (MMEJ). Critically, these repair mechanisms do not operate in isolation and evidence for interplay between pathways and repair associated with replication is discussed. Importantly, characterising non-canonical functions of key proteins and understanding the bespoke pathways used to tolerate, repair or bypass DNA damage will be fundamental in fully understanding the causes of mitochondrial genome mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction.
High-volume endurance exercise training stimulates hematopoiesis by increasing ACE NH2-terminal activity
Authors: Magalhães Flávio de Castro , Fernandes Tiago , Bassaneze Vinícius , Mattos Katt Coelho , Schettert Isolmar , Marques Fabio Luiz Navarro , Krieger José Eduardo , Nava Roberto , Barauna Valério Garrone , Edilamar Menezes Oliveira 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
One of the health benefits of endurance exercise training (ET) is the stimulation of hematopoiesis. However, the mechanisms underlying ET-induced hematopoietic adaptations are understudied. N–Acetyl–Seryl–Aspartyl–Lysyl–Proline (Ac-SDKP) inhibits proliferation of early hematopoietic progenitor cells. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) NH2-terminal promotes hematopoiesis by inhibiting the anti-hematopoietic effect of Ac-SDKP. Here we demonstrate for the first time the role of ACE NH2-terminal in ET-induced hematopoietic adaptations. Wistar rats were subjected to 10 weeks of moderate-(T1) and high-(T2) volume swimming-training. Although both protocols induced classical ET-associated adaptations, only T2 increased plasma ACE NH2-domain activity (by 40%, P=0.0003) and reduced Ac-SDKP levels (by 50%, P&lt;0.0001). T2 increased the number of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs; ∼200%, P=0.0008), early erythroid progenitor colonies (∼300%, P&lt;0.0001) and reticulocytes (∼500%, P=0.0007), and reduced erythrocyte lifespan (∼50%, P=0.022). Following, Wistar rats were subjected to T2 or T2 combined with ACE NH2-terminal inhibition (captopril (Cap) treatment: 10 mg.kg−1.day−1). T2 combined with ACE NH2-terminal inhibition prevented Ac-SDKP decrease and attenuated ET-induced hematopoietic adaptations. Altogether, our findings show that ET-induced hematopoiesis was at least partially associated with increased ACE NH2-terminal activity and reduction in the hematopoietic inhibitor Ac-SDKP.
Predicting far-infrared maps of galaxies via machine learning techniques
Authors: Dobbels Wouter , Baes Maarten 
Published: October 2021

Context. The ultraviolet (UV) to sub-millimetre spectral energy distribution of galaxies can be roughly divided into two sections: the stellar emission (attenuated by dust) at UV to near-infrared wavelengths and dust emission at longer wavelengths. In Dobbels et al. (2020, A&A, 634, A57), we show that these two sections are strongly related, and we can predict the global dust properties from the integrated UV to mid-infrared emission with the help of machine learning techniques.
Aims. We investigate if these machine learning techniques can also be extended to resolved scales. Our aim is to predict resolved maps of the specific dust luminosity, specific dust mass, and dust temperature starting from a set of surface brightness images from UV to mid-infrared wavelengths.
Methods. We used a selection of nearby galaxies retrieved from the DustPedia sample, in addition to M31 and M33. These were convolved and resampled to a range of pixel sizes, ranging from 150 pc to 3 kpc. We trained a random forest model which considers each pixel individually.
Results. We find that the predictions work well on resolved scales, with the dust mass and temperature having a similar root mean square error as on global scales (0.32 dex and 3.15 K on 18″ scales respectively), and the dust luminosity being noticeably better (0.11 dex). We find no significant dependence on the pixel scale. Predictions on individual galaxies can be biased, and we find that about two-thirds of the scatter can be attributed to scatter between galaxies (rather than within galaxies).
Conclusions. A machine learning approach can be used to create dust maps, with its resolution being only limited to the input bands, thus achieving a higher resolution than Herschel. These dust maps can be used to improve global estimates of dust properties, they can lead to a better estimate of dust attenuation, and they can be used as a constraint on cosmological simulations that trace dust.
Chemosaturation durch perkutane hepatische Perfusion mit Melphalan bei hepatisch metastasiertem Aderhautmelanom: eine Überlebens- und Sicherheitsanalyse
Authors: Dewald Cornelia Lieselotte Angelika , Hinrichs Jan B. , Becker Lena Sophie , Maschke Sabine , Meine Timo C. , Saborowski Anna , Schönfeld Leon Jonas , Vogel Arndt , Kirstein Martha M. , Wacker Frank K. 
Published: October 2021

Ziel Die Chemosaturation mittels perkutaner hepatischer Perfusion mit Melphalan (CS-PHP) ist ein palliatives Therapieverfahren für Patienten mit nicht kurativ behandelbaren Lebertumoren. Die CS-PHP erlaubt eine selektive intrahepatische Anreicherung von hochdosiertem Melphalan bei minimaler systemischer Toxizität durch venöse Hämofiltration. Ziel dieser Studie war es, das Ansprechen und Überleben sowie die Sicherheit der CS-PHP-Prozedur bei Patienten mit leberdominant metastasiertem Aderhautmelanom zu evaluieren.
Material und Methoden Gesamtansprechrate (overall response rate, ORR) und Krankheitskontrollrate (disease control rate, DCR) wurden anhand von Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST1.1) ermittelt. Medianes Gesamtüberleben (mOS), medianes progressionsfreies Überleben (mPFS) und hepatisches mPFS (mhPFS) wurden mittels Kaplan-Meier-Schätzer ermittelt. Nebenwirkungen wurden entsprechend der einheitlichen Terminologie-Kriterien für Nebenwirkungen (CTCAE) v5 klassifiziert.
Ergebnisse 30 Patienten wurden zwischen Oktober 2014 und Januar 2019 mit 70 Chemosaturationen behandelt. Die ORR betrug 42,3 % und die DCR 80,8 %. Das mOS betrug 12 (95 %-Konfidenzintervall (KI) 7–15) Monate, das mPFS 6 (95 %-KI 4–10) und das mhPFS ebenfalls 6 (95 %-KI 4–13) Monate. Signifikante, aber transiente hämatotoxische Nebenwirkungen waren häufig (87 % Grad-3/4-Thrombozytopenie), hepatische Toxizität bis Leberversagen (n = 1/70) sowie kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen (ischämischer Insult, n = 1/70) waren selten.
Schlussfolgerung Das palliative Therapiekonzept der Chemosaturation ist bei Patienten mit hepatisch metastasiertem Aderhautmelanom effektiv. Die interventionelle Prozedur ist sicher, seltene, aber schwerwiegende kardiovaskuläre und hepatische Komplikationen erfordern eine sorgfältige Patientenselektion und intensive Aufmerksamkeit.
Notfälle bei Bewegungsstörungen
Authors: Wimmer Bernadette , Steffling Dagmar , Kohl Zacharias , Schlachetzki Felix 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungNotfälle mit dem Leitsymptom Bewegungsstörung findet man selten im klinischen Alltag der Notaufnahme bzw. der Intensivstation. Wir präsentieren hier einen kurzen Überblick über die häufigsten Ursachen und Therapiemöglichkeiten von Notfällen mit dem Leitsymptom Bewegungsstörung, insbesondere unter dem klinischen Aspekt „rigide Tonuserhöhung“: das maligne Neuroleptika-Syndrom, das serotoninerge Syndrom, die maligne Hyperthermie und die akinetische Krise beim Morbus Parkinson.
Distinct Late-Night Salivary Cortisol Cut-Off Values for the Diagnosis of Hypercortisolism
Authors: van Baal Lukas , Wichert Marc , Zwanziger Denise , Dralle Henning , Weber Frank , Kreitschmann-Andermahr Ilonka , Führer Dagmar , Unger Nicole 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDue to high morbidity and mortality of untreated hypercortisolism, a prompt diagnosis is essential. Measurement of late-night salivary cortisol provides a simple and non-invasive method. However, thresholds and reference ranges differ among studies. The goal of this study was to define a threshold of late-night salivary cortisol for the diagnosis of hypercortisolism based on the used assay. Moreover, the influence of different aetiologies of hypercortisolism and individual comorbidities were investigated. Prospective analyses of 217 patients, including 36 patients with proven hypercortisolism were carried out. A sum of 149 patients with suspicion of hypercortisolism but negative endocrine testing and 32 patients with hypercortisolism in remission served as control group. Late-night salivary cortisol was measured using an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay. Cut-off values were calculated by ROC analysis. The calculated cut-off value for the diagnosis of hypercortisolism was 10.1 nmol/l (sensitivity 94%; specificity 84%). Only slightly lower thresholds were obtained in patients with suspected hypercortisolism due to weight gain/obesity (9.1 nmol/l), hypertension or adrenal tumours (both 9.8 nmol/l) or pituitary adenomas (9.5 nmol/l). The late-night salivary cortisol threshold to distinguish between Cushing’s disease and Cushing’s disease in remission was 9.2 nmol/l. The cut-off value for the diagnosis of ectopic ACTH-production was 109.0 nmol/l (sensitivity 50%, specificity 92%). Late-night salivary cortisol is a convenient and reliable parameter for the diagnosis of hypercortisolism. Except for ectopic ACTH-production, thresholds considering different indications for evaluation of hypercortisolism were only slightly different. Therefore, they might only be useful if late-night salivary cortisol results near the established cut-off value are present.
The Effect of Visual and Auditory Information on Illness Perceptions
and Patient Satisfaction in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Karabaş Çağlar , Çalış Havva Talay , Kutluca Abdurrahman , Topaloğlu Ulaş Serkan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aim To evaluate the effect of visual and auditory information about knee
osteoarthritis on illness perception and patient satisfaction with electronic
guidance.
Method In this randomized controlled and single-blind study, 100 patients
with osteoarthritis were included in two groups (50 video group, 50 control
group). The video group was informed about knee osteoarthritis by a physician
and then watched a video. The control group was only informed about knee
osteoarthritis by the same physician. Before and after the information, Visual
Analog Scale, a Likert scale for patient satisfaction, and the Brief Illness
Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) were filled.
Results In the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), after the information, a
statistically significant difference was found in the personal control, concern,
coherence subgroups in the video group compared to the control group
(p<0.001, p=0.002, p<0.001, respectively). According to
the likert scale, the satisfaction level of the patients in the video group was
significantly higher compared to the control group (p<0.001).
Conclusion It has been shown for the first time in the literature that
visual and auditory information is provided by watching video information about
osteoarthritis with an electronic guide. It could be ensured that the
patients' control, concern, knowledge, and satisfaction levels could be
improved via this application.
Effects of Chronic Suppression or Oversuppression of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone on Psychological Symptoms and Sleep Quality in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Altuntaş Seher Çetinkaya , Hocaoğlu Çiçek 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), the standard treatment includes total thyroidectomy and lifetime levothyroxine (LT4) replacement. However, long-term exogenous LT4 has become controversial due to the adverse effects of oversuppression. The study included 191 patients (aged 18–76 years) with a prospective diagnosis of non-metastatic DTC and 79 healthy individuals. The patients with DTC were stratified into three groups according to their TSH levels: suppressed thyrotropin if TSH was below 0.1 μIU/ml, mildly suppressed thyrotropin if TSH was between 0.11 and 0.49 μIU/ml, and low-normal thyrotropin if THS was between 0.5 and 2 μIU/ml. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), Short Symptom Inventory (SSI), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered to all participants. It was found that the BDI, BAI, SSI and PSQI scores were worse in patients with DTC (p=0.024, p=0.014, p=0.012, and p=0.001, respectively). According to theTSH levels, the mean ASI was found to be higher in the suppressed and mildly suppressed thyrotropin groups (19±14.4 vs. 10.6±11.1; 16.4±14.9 vs. 10.6±11.1, p=0.024, respectively), the mean SSI was found higher in the suppressed group (61.0±55.5 vs. 35.1±37.0, p=0.046), and the mean PSQI was higher in all three groups (7.94±3.97 vs. 5.35±4.13; 7.21±4.59 vs. 5.35±4.13; 7.13±4.62 vs. 5.35±4.13, p=0.006) when compared with the controls. No significant difference was found between the groups. A positive correlation was detected in the duration of LT4 use and BDI and SSI, and a weak, negative correlation was detected between TSH levels and ASI and PSQI. Based on our study, it was found that depression, anxiety disorders, and sleep problems were more prevalent in patients with DTC, being more prominent in the suppressed TSH group. These results were inversely correlated with TSH values and positively correlated with the duration of LT4 use. Unnecessary LT4 oversuppression should be avoided in patients with DTC.
Prevalence of adenomatous polyposis in a fecal immunochemical test-based colorectal cancer screening program and risk of advanced neoplasia during follow-up
Authors: Carballal Sabela , Sánchez Ariadna , Moreira Leticia , Cuellar-Monterrubio Jesús Eduardo , Bernuy Julio , Daca Maria , Ortiz Oswaldo , Ocaña Teresa , Rivero-Sánchez Liseth , Jung Gerhard , Serradesanferm Anna , Pozo Angels , Grau Jaume , Torá Isabel , Zaffalon Diana , Castells Antoni , Pellisé María , Balaguer Francesc ,   on behalf of the PROCOLON Group
Published: October 2021

Background Current guidelines recommend genetic counseling and intensive colonoscopy surveillance for patients with ≥ 10 colorectal adenomas based on scarce data. We investigated the prevalence of this condition in a fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based colorectal (CRC) screening program, and the incidence of metachronous lesions during follow-up.
Methods We retrospectively included all FIT-positive participants with ≥ 10 adenomas at index colonoscopy between 2010 and 2018. Surveillance colonoscopies were collected until 2019. Patients with inherited syndromes, serrated polyposis syndrome, total colectomy, or lacking surveillance data were excluded. The cumulative incidence of CRC and advanced neoplasia were analyzed by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Risk factors for metachronous advanced neoplasia were investigated by multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results 215 of 9582 participants (2.2 %) had ≥ 10 adenomas. Germline genetic testing was performed in 92 % of patients with ≥ 20 adenomas, identifying two inherited syndromes (3.3 %). The 3-year cumulative incidence of CRC and advanced neoplasia were 1 % and 16 %, respectively. In 39 patients (24.2 %), no polyps were found on first surveillance colonoscopy. The presence of an advanced adenoma was independently associated with a higher risk of advanced neoplasia at first surveillance colonoscopy (odds ratio 3.91, 95 %CI 1.12–13.62; P = 0.03). Beyond the first surveillance colonoscopy, the risk of metachronous advanced neoplasia was lower.
Conclusions The prevalence of ≥ 10 adenomas in a FIT-based CRC screening program was 2.2 %; a small proportion of inherited syndromes were detected, even amongst those with ≥ 20 adenomas. A low rate of post-colonoscopy CRC was observed and the risk of advanced neoplasia beyond the first surveillance colonoscopy tended to progressively decrease throughout successive follow-ups.
Objective Improvement in Cognitive Function following Aortic Coarctation Repair in an Adult
Authors: Hayes Danielle , French Bryce , Tan Swee Lian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCoarctation of the aorta is a rare finding in adults and can present with vague symptoms. We report a case of a 64-year-old cognitively impaired female who presented with fatigue and tinnitus. After extensive workup, she was diagnosed with coarctation of the aorta and subsequently underwent repair. After operative intervention for her coarctation, her cognitive impairment was found to have an objective improvement evidenced by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.
Job Satisfaction and Evidence of Burnout Comparing Arab and Non-Arab Urologists with a Migration Background Working in German Hospitals
Authors: May Matthias , Shaar Mohammad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background In German hospitals, severe shortage of physicians can currently be partially compensated by hiring foreign physicians. Results on job satisfaction (JS) and physician burnout (PBO) in this important occupational group are currently not available.
Methods The cross-sectional “Assessment of their urological work environment by foreign clinicians in Germany (EUTAKD)” study was conducted in 2020 using a 101-item questionnaire among physicians working in German urological departments who were born in a country outside Germany and having non-German citizenship. This study compared JS and the occurrence of PBO between Arab (group A, n = 57) and non-Arab (group B, n = 39) participants.
Results Significant group differences with advantages for group B were analyzed in overall JS and also in other JS items. High scores in the PBO dimensions, that is, “emotional exhaustion” and “depersonalization,” were shown by 27.9 and 51.5% of the study participants, respectively, although there were no group differences found (p = 0.972 and 0.237, respectively).
Conclusion Prospective longitudinal studies of appropriate intervention measures aimed at increasing JS and decreasing PBO are needed.
Conservative Treatment of a Floating Mural Thrombus in the Descending Aorta
Authors: Goedemé Johannes , Berzenji Lawek , Nicolay Simon , Hendriks Jeroen M.H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA 70-year-old woman was referred to the department of thoracic and vascular surgery after a floating mural thrombus was found in the distal aortic arch with extension into the proximal descending aorta. Imaging and clinical examination did not show signs of embolization and treatment with aspirin and low–molecular weight heparin was started. Follow-up after 2 weeks and 6 months showed a complete resolution of the aortic mural thrombus.
Generalizations of parabolic Higgs bundles, real structures, and integrability
Authors: Levin A. , Olshanetsky M. , Zotov A. 
Published: October 2021

We introduce a notion of quasi-antisymmetric Higgs G-bundles over curves with marked points. They are endowed with additional structures that replace the parabolic structures at marked points in parabolic Higgs bundles. This means that the coadjoint orbits are attached to the marked points of the curves. The moduli spaces of parabolic Higgs bundles are the phase spaces of complex completely integrable systems. In our case, the coadjoint orbits are replaced by bundles cotangent to some special symmetric spaces in such a way that the moduli space of the modified Higgs bundles are still phase spaces of complex completely integrable systems. We show that the moduli space of parabolic Higgs bundles is the symplectic quotient of the moduli space of the quasi-antisymmetric Higgs bundle with respect to the action of the product of Cartan subgroups. In addition, by changing the symmetric spaces, we introduce quasi-compact and quasi-normal Higgs bundles. The fixed point sets of real involutions acting on their moduli spaces are the phase spaces of real completely integrable systems. Several examples are given including integrable extensions of the SL(2) Euler–Arnold top, two-body elliptic Calogero–Moser system, and the rational SL(2) Gaudin system together with its real reductions.