bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precision nitrogen management for optimal yield and cannabinoid profile in CBD hemp agronomy
Authors: Panday Dinesh , Acharya Bharat Sharma , Bhusal Nikita , Afshar Reza Keshavarz , Smith Andrew , Ghalehgolabbehbahani Arash 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIndustrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), displaying more than 25,000 products, has been grown in North America since the 16th century. However, knowledge gaps persist in optimizing agronomic practices, including precision nitrogen (N) management, which is crucial for yield and phytochemical quality, for example, delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Addressing these gaps, a 2‐year field trial (2022 and 2023) was conducted at the Rodale Institute‐Pocono Organic Center in Blakeslee, PA, aiming to optimize CBD hemp production through precision N management. Forty experimental plots were established, with each assessing two main factors: (i) N rate: 0, 56, 112, 168, and 224 kg N ha−1 using an OMRI‐listed fertilizer, blood meal (12% N) and (ii) application method: banding and broadcasting. The 3‐week‐old hemp seedlings were transplanted into main plots, followed by fertilizer application and drip irrigation. Parameters including plant height, bud weight, biomass, and CBD yield were assessed, alongside CBD and THC concentrations in floral components and N concentration in leaves and flowers. There was a significant interaction of N rate and application method, impacting biomass yield, while the N rate also influenced CBD concentration. Blood meal supplied at 224 kg N ha−1 yielded the highest biomass and elevated CBD and THC concentrations; however, this did not differ significantly from 168 kg N ha−1 application. Therefore, the recommended optimal N fertilizer rate for Northeastern CBD hemp production is 168 kg N ha−1, with an upper limit of 224 kg N ha−1. Furthermore, the banding method of fertilizer application was more effective than broadcasting.
Roles of blood monocytes carrying TREM2R47H mutation in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and its therapeutic potential in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Yu Zhong‐Yuan , Liu Jie , Liu Zhi‐Hao , Liu Xiao‐Yu , Tuo Jin‐Mei , Li Jiang‐Hui , Tu Yun‐Feng , Tan Qi , Ma Yuan‐Yuan , Bai Yu‐Di , Xin Jia‐Yan , Huang Shan , Zeng Gui‐Hua , Shi An‐Yu , Wang Jun , Liu Yu‐Hui , Bu Xian‐Le , Ye Li‐Lin , Wan Ying , Liu Tong‐Fei , Chen Xiao‐Wei , Qiu Zi‐Long , Gao Chang‐Yue , Wang Yan‐Jiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) arginine‐47‐histidine (R47H) mutation is a significant risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with unclear mechanisms. Previous studies focused on microglial amyloid‐β (Aβ) phagocytosis with less attention on the impact of TREM2R47H mutation on blood monocytes.METHODSBone marrow transplantation (BMT) models were used to assess the contribution of blood monocytes carrying TREM2R47H mutation to AD.RESULTSAβ phagocytosis was compromised in mouse monocytes carrying the TREM2R47H mutation. Transplantation of bone marrow cells (BMCs) carrying TREM2R47H mutation increased cerebral Aβ burden and aggravated AD‐type pathologies. Moreover, the replacement of TREM2R47H‐BMCs restored monocytic Aβ phagocytosis, lowered Aβ levels in the blood and brain, and improved cognitive function.DISCUSSIONOur study reveals that blood monocytes carrying the TREM2R47H mutation substantially contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, and correcting the TREM2R47H mutation in BMCs would be a potential therapeutic approach for those carrying this mutation.Highlights
TREM2R47H mutation compromises the Aβ phagocytosis of blood monocytes.
Blood monocytes carrying TREM2R47H mutation contribute substantially to AD pathogenesis.
Correction of the TREM2R47H mutation in bone marrow cells ameliorates AD pathologies and cognitive impairments.
MRI free water mediates the association between diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space and executive function in four independent middle to aged cohorts
Authors: Liu Xiaodan , Maillard Pauline , Barisano Giuseppe , Caprihan Arvind , Cen Steven , Shao Xingfeng , Jann Kay , Ringman John M. , Lu Hanzhang , Arfanakis Konstantinos , DeCarli Charles S. , Gold Brian T. , Seshadri Sudha , Satizabal Claudia L. , Beiser Alexa S. , Habes Mohamad , Kramer Joel H. , Stables Lara , Singh Herpreet , Helmer Karl G. , Greenberg Steven M. , Wang Danny J. J. ,   for the MarkVCID Consortium
Published: December 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDiffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI‐ALPS) index was proposed for assessing glymphatic clearance function. This study evaluated DTI‐ALPS as a biomarker for cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) related vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID).METHODSFour independent cohorts were examined. A composite score of executive function (UDS3‐EF) was used to evaluate EF status. The association between the ALPS index and UDS3‐EF scores and the mediator effect of free water in white matter (WM‐FW) on such association was analyzed.RESULTSThe ALPS index was significantly associated with UDS3‐EF scores in all cohorts. Additionally, WM‐FW mediates the relationship between the ALPS index and UDS3‐EF scores.DISCUSSIONLower ALPS index may be a surrogate marker of glymphatic dysfunction, which is associated with impaired EF, and this association is mediated by the interstitial fluid (ISF) drainage ISF in WM, providing a clinical rationale for using ALPS index as a biomarker for cSVD‐related VCID.Highlights
This is the first study to investigate the mediation role of interstitial FW fraction (WM‐FW) on the relationship between glymphatic clearance (ALPS index) and EF (UDS3‐EF scores) in four independent middle to aged cohorts at risk for cSVD.
This study identified that ALPS index was independently associated with UDS3‐EF scores after adjusting for demographics, VRFs, and WM hyperintensity burden and that WM‐FW mediated this association in all middle to aged cohorts.
Our findings suggest that in middle to aged individuals, glymphatic dysfunction (reflected by ALPS index) is strongly associated with EF and that this association is mediated by the ISF drainage in WM.
This study provides a strong clinical rationale for the use of the ALPS index as a marker of cognitive function in multi‐site observational studies and clinical trials to monitor and prevent VCID.
Composite From Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Copper Benzene‐1,3,5‐Tricarboxylate as Rapidly Regenerated CO2 Adsorbent
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Thu , Giang Ha Ngan , Hai Do Thi , Osial Magdalena , Nam Nguyen Hong , Thanh Dinh Thi Mai 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRising global warming concerns drive the demand for cost‐effective CO2 capture technologies for industrial reuse. In this study, a novel composite material for CO2 adsorption based on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and copper benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylate (CuBTC) was proposed by a chronoamperometry electrochemical method. XRD, FT‐IR, and SEM–EDX techniques confirmed the presence of SPION and CuBTC in the synthesized composites. SPIONs were small, uniform, and spherical, facilitating their effective combination with CuBTC. Among the synthesized composites, the 1:1 ratio of SPION to CuBTC exhibited the highest CO2 adsorption capacity. Under controlled laboratory conditions (0°C, 1 bar, without the influence of ambient moisture or CO2 diffusion limitations), the SPION/CuBTC 1:1 composite demonstrated a CO2 adsorption capacity of 3.5 mmol/g. Under more realistic conditions (25°C, 1 bar, with the influence of ambient moisture) the SPION/CuBTC 1:1 composite exhibited the highest CO2 adsorption efficiency of 12% (expressed as weigh percentage of dry sorbent). The CO2 adsorption capacity of the composite decreased by more than half when the CO2 concentration dropped from 100% to 15%. The adsorption mechanism is primarily driven by chemical adsorption via surface functional groups and physical adsorption through microcapillary formation and van der Waals interactions, mainly due to CuBTC. The incorporation of SPION in the composite accelerated the CO2 desorption process. The combined magnetic behavior and heat generation results suggest that SPION/CuBTC composites possess enhanced magnetic properties and thermal responses, highlighting their potential for efficient heat‐mediated desorption in industrial applications.
Facile Preparation and Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Performance of AgI/Ag3PO4/WO3·H2O Heterojunction Photocatalysts
Authors: Tang Jianke , Li Qiaoling , Meng Rongqian , Xue Yanfeng , Zhang Shengjian , Shao Shengjuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUsing the prepared Ag3PO4/WO3·H2O composite as the matrix, AgI nanoparticles were introduced onto the surface of Ag3PO4 to construct AgI/Ag3PO4/WO3·H2O ternary heterojunction photocatalysts. The ternary composite photocatalysts exhibited higher photocatalytic degradation activities for rhodamine B (RhB) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) than those of binary Ag3PO4/WO3·H2O and AgI/WO3·H2O photocatalysts and individual AgI, Ag3PO4, and WO3·H2O photocatalysts. After exposure to visible light for 12 and 24 min, the removal efficiencies of RhB and TCH by the S2‐50% photocatalyst (50% molar percentage of AgI to Ag3PO4) reached 98.0% and 85.3%, respectively. After four degradation cycles, the removal efficiency of RhB by S2‐50% remained at 93.2%, significantly surpassing that of the Ag3PO4/WO3·H2O photocatalyst. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of the AgI/Ag3PO4/WO3·H2O photocatalyst is primarily attributed to the formation of Z‐scheme/conventional Type II heterojunctions, which facilitate spatial separation of the photogenerated electrons and holes while maintaining the strong reductive capabilities of electrons in the AgI conduction band.
A CNN‐LSTM Method Based on Voltage Deviation for Predicting the State of Health of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xiao Fen , Yang Wei , Ding Yanhuai , Li Xiang , Zhang Kehang , Liu Jiaxiong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEnsuring the accurate estimation of the state of health (SOH) of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is essential for the reliability and safe operation of battery management systems. The prediction of SOH has witnessed significant advancements recently, largely propelled by the powerful nonlinear modeling capabilities of deep learning. Despite these advancements, the intricate nature of the battery degradation process poses a challenge in accurately simulating it using measurement data. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach by focusing on the charging voltage deviation, which is defined as the discrepancy between the charging voltage and its average value over each charge/discharge cycle. This deviation is rooted in the electrochemical reactions that lead to capacity decay and voltage fluctuations. We propose a convolutional neural network‐long short‐term memory (CNN‐LSTM) hybrid framework aimed at estimating the SOH of the battery. For each charge/discharge cycle, a conventional CNN is employed to extract key capacity features from sequential charging data, encompassing voltage deviation, current, and charging duration. Following this, an LSTM network is leveraged to build the long‐term dependencies of battery capacities, facilitating the SOH prediction process. The experimental results indicate that our model not only simplifies the computational complexity but also significantly enhances the precision of SOH predictions. This innovative approach holds promise for the advancement of battery management systems, ensuring their continued reliability and safety.
Improving the Performance of Potassium Birnessite Cathodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries by Partial Ion Exchange
Authors: Aranda Manuel , Klee Rafael , Lavela Pedro , Tirado José L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe current study explores the synthesis and electrochemical performance of potassium birnessite as a cathode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), achieved through partial ion exchange resulting from partial potassium deintercalation followed by sodium intercalation during the first electrochemical cycle. Three samples of potassium birnessite (KB400, KB500, and KB600) are synthesized using a sol–gel method and subsequently calcined at different temperatures to evaluate the influence of crystal water and K+ ions on structural stability and their electrochemical performance. X‐ray diffraction analysis confirms the formation of samples with high crystallinity. Additionally, X‐ray fluorescence, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis are employed to verify their chemical composition and oxidation states. Among the samples, KB500 exhibits the most favorable electrochemical performance, achieving a specific capacity of 175 mAh g–1 at C/10 when cycled within a voltage range of 1.6–4.2 V. Long‐term cycling tests at a narrower potential range of 2–3.6 V demonstrate promising values of 110 mAh g–1 in capacity for KB500, with a retention of 90% over 80 cycles. The presence of potassium and interlayer water is crucial for enhancing structural stability and ion diffusion. These findings suggest that KB500 could serve as a promising cathode material for SIBs, providing a structurally stable option for energy storage applications.
Bioinspired Coordination for Fabricating Self‐healing and Injectable Hydrogels with Antibacterial and Immunoregulatory Activities†
Authors: Diao Youlu , Gao Jia , Li Xinrui , Wang Miao , Pan Guoqing 
Published: December 2024

Comprehensive SummaryInspired by the molecular mechanism of mussel adhesion, here, we developed a class of injectable and self‐healing hydrogels based on natural polysaccharide hyaluronic acid (HA). The dynamic property of hydrogels is derived from histidine‐metal coordination, which widely exists in the mussel adhesive plaque. To mimic components of mussel byssal threads, we first grafted histidine‐containing peptides onto the HA chains. Followed by the addition of Zn2+ ions, the modified HA could then transform into a pH‐sensitive hydrogel network (HA‐His‐Zn) with tunable sol‐gel transitions. The dynamic metal‐ligand coordination could significantly enhance the mechanical properties of HA hydrogels and also endow them with self‐healing and injectable abilities. In addition, the HA‐His‐Zn hydrogels could also exhibit antibacterial and immunoregulatory activities due to the bioactive Zn2+ ions. These results, together with the dynamic properties and good biocompatibility, indicated that the HA‐His‐Zn hydrogels could be applied as a class of easy‐to‐handle scaffold materials for regeneration medicine, particularly for tissue traumas with chronic inflammations and infections.
Catalytic Difunctionalization of Alkenes under Visible Light Irradiation: Synthesis of Iminofuranones
Authors: Liu Boyu , Chen Guangxian , Zhang Lele , Yan Feiwei , Li Feiming , Cai Zhixiong , Huang Mingqiang , Cai Lina , Cai Shunyou 
Published: December 2024

Comprehensive SummaryHere, we show a cost‐effective and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing iminofuranones using visible light and the photocatalyst 2‐bromoanthraquinone. Our approach uses only oxygen as the oxidant, avoiding the need for additional transition metals and strong oxidizing agents. By employing a mixed solvent system of DMF and CHCl3 under ambient conditions, we have achieved highly diastereoselective conversions of various 2‐vinyl benzamides and alkenyl amides into functionalized iminoisobenzofuranones and iminofuranones. This versatile process is broadly applicable and enables late‐stage structural modifications of complex substrates with bioactive moieties.
Cytopathology Practice in Nigeria
Authors: Folaranmi Olaleke O. , Olayiwola Oladunni I. , Ibiyeye Kehinde M. , Buhari Mikhail O. , Ibrahim Olatunde K. , Ighodalo Ehigie J. , Balogun Abdulquadri 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCytopathology is a cost‐effective diagnostic method crucial for investigating suspected neoplastic lesions, particularly in Nigeria's healthcare system, where non‐communicable diseases, especially with increasing rates of cancer. This review highlights the evolution of cytopathology practice in Nigeria, detailing its historical development, current methodologies, and the challenges faced within the healthcare framework. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques such as immunocytochemistry and molecular diagnostics globally, conventional methods remain essential due to their affordability and accessibility. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has gained acceptance for its diagnostic accuracy; however, significant disparities exist in the availability of cytological services across various regions. The lack of trained personnel and inadequate infrastructure further complicate the effective implementation of cytopathology practices. The findings highlight the urgent need for specialized training programs and improved resource allocation to enhance cytopathology services in Nigeria. We advocate for strategic interventions aimed at optimizing cytopathology's potential to improve cancer diagnosis and patient outcomes in resource‐limited settings across the country.
An Augmented Lagrangian Trust‐Region Method With Inexact Gradient Evaluations to Accelerate Constrained Optimization Problems Using Model Hyperreduction
Authors: Wen Tianshu , Zahr Matthew J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe present an augmented Lagrangian trust‐region method to efficiently solve constrained optimization problems governed by large‐scale nonlinear systems with application to partial differential equation‐constrained optimization. At each major augmented Lagrangian iteration, the expensive optimization subproblem involving the full nonlinear system is replaced by an empirical quadrature‐based hyperreduced model constructed on‐the‐fly. To ensure convergence of these inexact augmented Lagrangian subproblems, we develop a bound‐constrained trust‐region method that allows for inexact gradient evaluations, and specialize it to our specific setting that leverages hyperreduced models. This approach circumvents a traditional training phase because the models are built on‐the‐fly in accordance with the requirements of the trust‐region convergence theory. Two numerical experiments (constrained aerodynamic shape design) demonstrate the convergence and efficiency of the proposed work. A speedup of (for all computational costs, even costs traditionally considered “offline” such as snapshot collection and data compression) relative to a standard optimization approach that does not leverage model reduction is shown.
Morphological, Anatomical, and Histochemical Study of Cordia diffusa K.C. Jacob—A Steno Endemic Plant
Authors: Haritha M. , Leena Lavanya D. , Muthukumar T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCordia diffusa K.C. Jacob, known as Sirunaruvili, belonging to the family Boraginaceae, is a rare endemic species. The study aimed to document the morpho‐anatomical and histochemical characteristics of C. diffusa to facilitate its identification, as it is a highly threatened steno‐endemic plant. The plant is an evergreen, woody shrub with brownish‐gray, lenticellate stems and oblong‐oblanceolate with pubescent leaves. Flowers are yellowish‐white, tubular, fragrant, and arranged in umbellate cyme. Fruits and drupe, turning from green to orange when ripe, with viscid edible pulp. Flowering and fruiting occur year‐round. The anatomical results showed that the adaxial surface of leaves had more stomata than the abaxial leaf surface. The pubescent plant surface was due to unicellular trichomes in the leaf's epidermal layer, and some of the epidermal cells had cystoliths. Petioles and stems had ridges, unicellular trichomes, and collateral vascular bundles with prominent water storage cells. Root exhibited radial vascular arrangements, cortical region, endodermis, and exarch xylem, with secondary growth forming periderm layers. Sclerenchymatous fibers and lignin accumulation were observed in the stem and roots. The histochemical study showed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, acidic and neutral lipids, phenolic compounds, lignified cell walls, and alkaloids in various regions of the plant cell. The micro‐morphological properties of the plant exhibited several unique aspects for accurate taxonomic identification and species delimitation, and this work offers many valuable details to plant taxonomists for future research.
A Performance Evaluation of CMIP6 Wind Fields for Robust Forcing in Indian Ocean Wave Climate Studies
Authors: Sreejith Meenakshi , Remya P. G. , Sreelakshmi S. , Praveen Kumar B. , Malavika S. , Balakrishnan Nair T. M. , Srinivasa Kumar T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase Six (CMIP6) lacks wave climate projections, emphasising the critical need to select the most accurate CMIP6 model winds for projecting wave climate. This study focuses on evaluating and selecting the optimal CMIP6 model wind fields for the Indian Ocean wave climate projections. A 35‐year (1980–2014) wind‐wave climate simulation of the Indian Ocean (IO) using the third‐generation wave model WAVEWATCH‐III (WW3), forced with seven CMIP6 Global Climate Models (BCC‐CSM2‐HR, EC‐Earth3, CMCC‐CM2‐SR, GFDL‐ESM4, CNRM‐CM6‐1‐HR, HadGEM3‐GC31‐MM and MPI‐ESM1‐2‐HR), is generated and validated against in situ buoy observations and ERA5 reanalysis data. Statistical analyses revealed that MPI, BCC and EC are the most accurate in representing wave characteristics in the IO, exhibiting strong correlations with observations and effectively capturing inter‐annual variability. Extreme wave analysis shows that MPI, BCC and EC model wind‐forced wave simulations match well with ERA5 data. The top three models (MPI, BCC and EC) are then selected for the composite analysis to assess their capability to reproduce the climate mode impacts on IO wave climate. EC performs best in capturing wave fields under El‐Nino Southern Oscillation, Southern Annular Mode, and Indian Ocean Dipole influences, followed by BCC and MPI. Thus, the study identifies BCC, MPI and EC as the optimal CMIP6 models for the Indian Ocean wave projections.
Effects of biological fertilizers on physiological traits and bioactive compounds in saffron (Crocus sativus L.)
Authors: Abdoshah Shima , Bakhshi Davood , Farhangi Mohammad Bagher 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDRelatively few studies have explored the impact of biofertilizers on the qualitative and quantitative yield of saffron despite its global agricultural and medical importance. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and phytochemical responses of saffron to potassium (K), phosphorus (P), and iron‐zinc (Fe‐Zn) biofertilizers over 2 consecutive years (2022–2023). The treatments included single and combined applications of K, P, and Fe‐Zn biofertilizers containing active bacterial inoculum, along with a control group, resulting in a total of eight treatments. Biofertilizers were applied at a rate of 0.5 L per hectare by fertigation in mid‐February. Flowering began in mid‐November in both 2022 and 2023, lasting approximately 3 weeks, during which data were collected.RESULTSThe highest flower count (3.5 times greater than the control group), longest flowering duration (2.4 times longer than the control group), greatest stigma dry weight (3.2 times higher than the control group), and highest flowering rate (1.2 times greater than the control group) were recorded in the second year application of the K + Fe‐Zn treatment. The K + Fe‐Zn treatment also enhanced quality traits significantly, including total phenolic content (1.11 g kg−1; an increase of 1.1 times relative to the control), anthocyanin (977 mg kg−1, an increase of 8.4 times), crocin (126.9 g kg−1, an increase of 1.2 times), picrocrocin (59.8 g kg−1, an increase of 1.2 times), and safranal (1.8 g kg−1, an increase of 3.3 times).CONCLUSIONOverall, the 2 year application of K + Fe‐Zn solubilizing bacteria as biofertilizer improved both the qualitative and quantitative traits of saffron markedly, underscoring its potential importance in sustainable saffron cultivation in mineral‐fortified soils. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.