bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of poor oral health with frailty and physical functioning in the oldest old: results from two studies in England and Japan
Authors: Albani Viviana , Nishio Kennsuke , Ito Tomoka , Kotronia Eftychia , Moynihan Paula , Robinson Louise , Hanratty Barbara , Kingston Andrew , Abe Yukiko , Takayama Michiyo , Iinuma Toshimitsu , Arai Yasumichi , Ramsay Sheena E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Very few studies have examined the relationship of oral health with physical functioning and frailty in the oldest old (>85 years). We examined the association of poor oral health with markers of disability, physical function and frailty in studies of oldest old in England and Japan.Methods: The Newcastle 85+ Study in England (n=853) and the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health (TOOTH; n=542) comprise random samples of people aged >85 years. Oral health markers included tooth loss, dryness of mouth, difficulty swallowing and self-reported difficulty eating due to dental problems. Physical functioning was based on grip strength and gait speed; disability was assessed as mobility limitations. Frailty was ascertained using the Fried frailty phenotype. Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using logistic regression.Results: In the Newcastle 85+ Study, dry mouth symptoms, difficulty swallowing, difficulty eating, and tooth loss were associated with increased risks of mobility limitations after adjustment for gender, socioeconomic position, behavioural factors and co-morbidities [odds ratios (95%CIs) were 1.76 (1.26-2.46); 2.52 (1.56-4.08); 2.89 (1.52-5.50); 2.59 (1.44-4.65) respectively]. Similar results were observed for slow gait speed. Difficulty eating was associated with weak grip strength and frailty on full adjustment. In the TOOTH Study, difficulty eating was associated with increased risks of frailty, mobility limitations and slow gait speed; and complete tooth loss was associated with increased risk of frailty.Conclusion: Different markers of poor oral health are independently associated with worse physical functioning and frailty in the oldest old age groups. Research to understand the underlying pathways is needed.
The influence of near-field fluxes on seasonal carbon dioxide enhancements:&nbsp;Results from the Indianapolis Flux Experiment (INFLUX)
Authors: MILES NATASHA , Davis Kenneth J. , Richardson Scott J. , Lauvaux Thomas , Martins Douglas K. , Deng A.J. , Balashov Nikolay , Gurney Kevin R. , Liang Jianming , Roest Geoff , Wang Jonathan A. , Turnbull Jocelyn C. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNetworks of tower-based CO2 mole fraction sensors have been deployed in and around cities across the world to quantify anthropogenic CO2 emissions from metropolitan areas. A critical aspect in these approaches is the separation of atmospheric signatures from distant sources and sinks (i.e., the background) from local emissions and biogenic fluxes. We examined CO2 enhancements compared to forested and agricultural background towers in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, as a function of season and compared them to modeled results, as a part of the Indianapolis Flux (INFLUX) project.ResultsAt the INFLUX urban tower sites, daytime growing season enhancement on a monthly timescale was up to 4.3 – 6.5 ppm, 2.6 times as large as those in the dormant season, on average. The enhancement differed significantly depending on choice of background and time of year, being 2.8 ppm higher in June and 1.8 ppm lower in August using a forested background tower compared to an agricultural background tower. A prediction based on land cover and observed CO2 fluxes showed that differences in phenology and drawdown intensities drove measured differences in enhancements. Forward modelled CO2 enhancements using fossil fuel and biogenic fluxes indicated growing season model-data mismatch of 1.1 ± 1.7 ppm for the agricultural background and 2.1 ± 0.5 ppm for the forested background, corresponding to 25 – 29 % of the modelled CO2 enhancements. The model-data total CO2 mismatch during the dormant season was low, – 0.1 ± 0.5 ppm. ConclusionsBecause growing season biogenic fluxes at the background towers are large, the urban enhancements must be disentangled from the biogenic signal, and growing season increases in CO2 enhancement could be misinterpreted as increased anthropogenic fluxes if the background ecosystem CO2 drawdown is not considered. The magnitude and timing of enhancements depend on the land cover type and net fluxes surrounding each background tower, so a simple box model is not appropriate for interpretation of these data. Quantification of the seasonality and magnitude of the biological fluxes in the study region using high-resolution and detailed biogenic models is necessary for the interpretation of tower-based urban CO2 networks for cities with significant vegetation.
Multiorgan failure with fatal outcome after stem cell tourism
Authors: Večerić-Haler Željka , Borštnar Špela , Luzar Boštjan , Jerše Maja , Kojc Nika 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: unproven stem cell treatments may involve serious health, personal and financial considerations. Due to worldwide spread, illegal stem cell therapies have become a major public health problem. We have already witnessed numerous reports in the mass media of severe and occasionally even fatal outcomes after such therapies. However, there are only few scientifically documented cases in which the causality between stem cell therapy and side effects cannot be refuted. Case presentation: here we present a case report of a 48-years old patient with serious side effects including disseminated skin ulcers, hepatitis and cardiomyopathy with eventual fatal outcome following unproven stem cell treatment. Conclusions: the case of the patient presented here draws attention to the worst possible outcome of stem cell tourism. To effectively combat this issue, professionals and patients should be empowered with the right knowledge on possible side effects.
Factors affecting the satisfaction of importers and exporters on e-tax payment procedures at Ho Chi Minh City’s customs department
Authors: Aquino Perfecto G. , Jalagat Revenio C. , Le Doan Hoan , Thanh Ha Hoan Thin 
Published: January 2021

<p>The dramatic impact of E-commerce being the trend insofar as modern governance and management operations of most service agencies and entitites in most countries which in effect hastens the delivery of services for local and international clientele-customers. This study focuses on the service delivery in VietNam with the launching of its electronic tax payments both for its exporters and importers taking place in Ho Chi Minh City VietNam.<br />This study analyzes the factors affecting the satisfaction of importers and exporters on the quality of electronic tax payment services at the HCM city Customs Department, through the survey of 347 enterprises participating in electronic tax payment services. Research results show that there are 6 factors that affect the satisfaction of enterprises on the quality of electronic tax payment service: Trust; Sympathy; Service capabilities; Tangible Media; Transparency and Coordinate Implementation. In particular, Trust has the strongest impact and Transparency has the lowest impact. Key recommendations suggest thatv actions and plans for improvement should be undertaken taking into consideration the above-mentioned six factors in delivering its E-Tax Payment system to stakeholders.</p>
The Significant and Arguments for the Renewal of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah
Authors: Rasyidi Aprizal Sulthon 
Published: January 2021

The phenomenon of massive industrialisation has caused a number of critical and complex issues in social, cultural and ecological sectors. The most obvious one has been environmental degradation which is also related to the problem of entrenched ignorance. This certainly requires Muslims to immediately come up with solutions to these problems within the framework of Islamic thought. Unfortunately, Muslims have been considered inept and slow. Indeed, the orientation of thought in the Islamic world has been thus far dominated by the power of textualism, namely legal-formal interpretation with the dominance of linguistic approach. This article aims to critically diagnose and evaluate the problem of domination of the Islamic legal interpretation, especially in context of the conceptualisation of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. It is essential, since Muslim scholars initially have deemed maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah as a suitable solution to overcome textualism, yet it is still restrained by the supremacy of textualism. Consequently, its function is limited to mere method of legislation. Studies on maqāṣid textualism in the context of environmental degradation are non-existent. In order to fill the gap of this study, this article argues that maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah must be transformed. The main reason in supporting this argument is that maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah is an intellectual and historical product which is open to reconstruction. In addition, as an axiological discourse, it continuously evolves. Thus, this shows that the profane nature of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah seems not immune to change
Characteristics of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang
Authors: Yetti Husna , Prahastiwi Nada Utami , Susanti Restu , Decroli Eva , Miro Saptino 
Published: January 2021

Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is emerging as chronic liver disease, both in developed and developing countries. NAFLD affects up to 25% population worldwide. The incidence of NAFLD associated with various risk factors supporting the development of the fatty liver. This study aim is to know the characteristics of NAFLD patients.Method: Retrospective study was conducted from medical records to find the characteristics of patients diagnosed with NAFLD at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital from January 2016 – December 2018.Results: Seventy-seven patients were diagnosed with NAFLD. The majority of NAFLD patients were male and female at 36-45 years old and female at 65 years old. Unemployed females were more prevalent compared to males. Dyslipidemia was the most component of a metabolic syndrome found in NAFLD patients. From laboratory findings, 55.56% of patients have increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, while 52.78% have increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Ultrasonography used widely as a diagnostic device to detect NAFLD. Pharmacological therapy based on American Asociation for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD) recommendation that used widely to treat patients with NAFLD was statin.Conclusion: The incidence of NAFLD was found to vary in different age ranges and sexes. Dyslipidemia occurred in most of NAFLD patients. AST and ALT levels increased in about half of the patients. Abdomen ultrasound as a diagnostic modality that was widely used.
An efficient protocol for mass multiplication of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban and determination of its phenolic content
Authors: Kumari Shweta , Trivedi Maheshwar Prasad 
Published: January 2021

The present study was focused on standardizing a protocol for callus induction as well as regeneration in Centella asiatica from leaf and stem as explants. Stem and leaf explants have been inoculated in B5 media supplemented with BAP (0.1-2.5 mg/l), kn (01-04 mg/l) and NAA (0.1-0.5 mg/l), 2, 4-D (0.2mg/l) for callus induction. The combination of BAP and NAA leads to the formation of green, brown, compact and friable calli while Kn and 2, 4-D induced brown calli. Highest shooting was obtained from BAP (1.5 mg/l) and NAA(0.5 mg/l).When the shoots were inoculated in half strength of B5 media fortified with 0.1 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA showed cent percent rooting with the highest number of roots per shoot (11.05 cm) and maximum root length (1.86 cm). Stem showed the best explants for callus induction as compared to leaf explants. A low concentration of plant growth regulators was unable to induced callus response in leaf and stem explants. Phenolic content analysis showed that calluses contain more amounts of phenol (0.81 mg/gmdw) as compared to both leaf (0.63 mg/gmdw) and stem (0.59 mg/gmdw) explants.
Caracterización de la gerencia en la deserción estudiantil en instituciones de educación superior del Atlántico, Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez-Echeverría Rocío 
Published: January 2021

El estudio tiene como propósito caracterizar la gerencia en la deserción estudiantil en instituciones de educación superior del sector privado de la ciudad de Barranquilla, Departamento del Atlántico – Colombia. Se estructuró con base en categorías y subcategorías que describen elementos importantes que abordan la temática gerencial y el fenómeno de la deserción estudiantil. Esta investigación se realizó bajo el paradigma epistemológico cualitativo, específicamente con el método fenomenológico, se aplicó un guion de entrevista con ciertos requisitos para la selección de los dicientes entrevistados, los cuales fueron tres sujetos con cargo de coordinador académico en las sedes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar de Barranquilla. En cuanto a la técnica de análisis de datos se utilizó la categorización axial que permite la codificación y categorización selecta mediante los procesos de integración y refinamiento de las categorías para explicar lo hallazgos del fenómeno, por consiguiente se teorizan los aportes y recomendaciones. Los resultados evidencian las deficientes competencias en habilidades gerenciales ante el problema de la deserción estudiantil; siendo los factores del mismo determinados por aspectos individuales, socioeconómicos, académicos e institucionales; y finalmente tipificarla por cohorte, período y ausencia intersemestral; por lo que se concluye que los hallazgos se ubican dentro de los postulados teóricos y referenciales, por tratarse de directrices emanadas por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia.
Profile of circulating MicroRNAs in low density lipoprotein uptake: literature review
Authors: Santos Maria Elisabete Silva , Paraense Ricardo Sousa de Oliveira , Fonseca Ricardo Roberto de Souza , Pereira Danilo Leôncio Aguiar , Cordeiro Carlos Eduardo Silva , Corrêa Thaís Letícia dos Santos , Imbiriba Luciana Carvalho , Feio Patrícia do Socorro Queiroz , De Amorim Emília Maria Paiva , Alves Erik Artur Cortinhas 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Delineate a profile of circulating miRNA that interfere with the uptake of c-LDL through the regulation of LDL, APOB-100 and PCSK9 genes that can be used as biomarkers for prognosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. Bibliography review: The atherosclerosis, a chronic and inflammatory disease that occurs when there are high levels of LDL on plasma. This important risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death worldwide. The miRNAs have recently emerged as potential biomarkers and therapeutic target for lipid metabolism disorders. In this review, we will provide profile of circulating miRNAs that have demonstrated being regulators of PCSK9, LDL and APOB100 genes. Recent work has identified the miR-148, miR-128, miR-27a/b, miR-185, miR-301, miR-130 as important regulators of this pathway because they decrease supply of LDL receptors through interaction with PCSK9. Final considerations: We conclude that, when overexpressed, miR-148a, mir128 and miR-27a/b, miR-122 and miR-34 are related to decrease in LDL, facilitating occurrence of atherosclerosis. Detection of miRNAs profile could be used in the future as a biomarker for disturbs linked to c-LDL uptake and in future anti-miRNAs therapies may be used in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Invivo Pharmacokientic and Pharamacodynamic Studies of Optimized Antihyperlipidemic Drug Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle
Authors: Gannimani Veerabhadra Rao  , Gadela Venkata Radha  , Krishnaji Rao M  , Brito Raj S  , Bhaskar Reddy K  
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this research is to increase bioavailability by solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) carrier for low bioavailable drugs (< 5%) such as Lovastatin. Eight SLN loaded Lovastatin was designed and optimised by variables such as Particle Size (PS in nm) and Zeta Potential (ZP in mV) using a micro emulsification technique. SLN 7 was chosen as the optimised formulation according to the findings obtained and the same was chosen for invivo pharmacokinetic and triton-induced antihyperlipidemic operation. SLN7 confirms an improvement in bioavailability of 3.15 percent by an improvement in AUC compared to conventional dosage type (Altoprev) from the pharmacokinetic invivo results. SLN was also an appropriate career in drug delivery for Lovastatin by enhancing bioavailability and therapeutic response. The stability studies of SLN7 revealed that the evaluation parameters of SLN did not change significantly. It was verified from the data that the drug-loaded SLN was stable under varying temperature and humidity conditions. While compare to 25˚c±2˚c/ 60% RH, SLN are more stable in 4˚c±2˚c and shows good reproducible reports in Particle Size (nm), Zeta potential (mV), PI and EE% data. Therefore, Solid Lipid Nanoparticle is a viable drug carrier mechanism for low bioavailable Lovastatin to improve their bioavailability through efficiently permeating them.
Nieznany złotniczy znak miejski Gdańska z czwartej ćwierci XVII w.
Authors: Kriegseisen Jacek 
Published: January 2021

Goldmisth’s hallmarks, particularly city ones used within the territory of the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, have been the object of interest of numerous scholars since the late 19th century. The reason being that not only do they facilitate the attribution of definite historic silverware pieces to a definite goldsmithery centre, but they are also helpful when the results of stylistic analysis prove too wide too define a more precise time of their creation.
Puncheons used to stamp city hallmarks on silver, as is proven by the preserved historic pieces, depending on the intensity of use and degree of wear, were in service either for a shorter time: a year or several years, or a longer time, sometimes some dozen years. For this reason it is hard or almost impossible to ascertain which Guild’s Elder, alternating yearly, authorized to stamp the city hallmark, actually marked the product. The problem disappeared only when in Gdansk the duty to stamp a peculiar countersignature, namely an additional control sign, was introduced in 1730.
The hallmark presented in the paper is a previously unrecorded version of the city of Gdansk’s hallmark, whose use can now be dated to 1683–1688, though it was in actual use for a shorter time. However, already with such-defined chronology of the use of hallmarks Nos. 5A–E, a more precise dating of historic pieces of Gdańsk goldsmithery is possible.
TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF DETERMINANTS OF GROWTH ON FIRM’S PERFORMANCE WITH RESPECT TO IT INDUSTRY
Authors: Saxena Mayank , Maru Sumeet 
Published: January 2021

Firm growth is an important indicator of a thriving economy. Although the determinants of firm growth have been studied in various disciplines, an integrated analysis is still lacking. Many determinants of firm growth are summarized and classified into three dimensions: individual, organizational, and environmental determinants. The present paper attempts to provide an integrated analysis on the determinants of firm growth. It gives an opportunity to investigate the determinants of firm growth in a comprehensive way.
The close-ended questionnaire was developed from standard questions of relevant literature as a research instrument. The sample size taken for the research is of 110 IT firms entrepreneurs.
Among the individual determinants, need for achievement, risk taking propensity and self-efficacy are positively conducive to firm growth. Among the organizational determinants, formulation, preparedness to grow, organizational learning, financial performance have positive impacts on firm growth. Market orientation, Entrepreneurial orientation, competitive intensity shows a negative relationship. Among the Entrepreneurial determinants, munificence, heterogeneity has positive impacts on firm growth. Market dynamism shows a negative relationship. Growth Barriers shows negative relationship.
Our study shows that firm growth is a complex phenomenon. It cannot be explained by one particular dimension or one determinant. The most important determinants have been identified from the individual, environmental and organizational dimensions. Organizational determinants have the greatest influence on firm growth.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS METHOD TO INVESTIGATE FAILURE OF FRONT WALL TUBE BOILER
Authors: Febriyanti Eka , Suhadi Amin , Sari Laili Novita 
Published: January 2021

Root cause analysis is a method that observes all of the possible causes that make the system or components fail. This research is implemented such a method to investigate the failed front wall tube on the boiler. The purpose of this research is to find out the main cause of failure on the front wall tube to avoid a similar problem in the future. Considering all aspects that have the potential to be the main cause of failure, therefore, many tests and examinations are done, including visual tests, fractography, metallography, chemical analysis, hardness test, SEM, and EDS analysis. Examination result on the fracture surface shows two bulges on a tube and some longitudinal cracks spread on bulges outside the surface area. At the same time, the thick scale is also found on the inside surface of these bulges. Moreover, microstructure and hardness changes are also found in this area. From the analysis of all test result that obtained it is concluded that the main cause of failure is the presence of scales which reduce heat transfer so that local overheating occurred. Consequently, its tensile strength in this area is decreased, and finally, the tube could not support operational pressure and deformed to make a bulge.
MECHANOSYNTHESIS OF MMC Cu-C DOPED WITH Ti FOR APPLICATION OF PANTOGRAPH CONTACT STRIP (PCS)
Authors: Rahmanullah Andhika Abdan , Pawawoi Pawawoi , Prajitno Djoko Hadi 
Published: January 2021

This research was conducted to determine the effect of the addition of Titanium (Ti) and the sintering temperature variation on MMC CuC alloys as reinforcing elements. The process of this research uses powder metallurgical method with an alloying technique in Mechanical Alloying using a Planetary Ball Mill (PBM) machine with a speed of 600 rpm for 2 hours, the ratio of powder to the ball mill is 10:1. The compacting process is carried out using dies 11 mm in diameter and compacting pressure of 90 Kg/cm2. The sintering process is carried out three times, with variations in sintering of 800oC, 900oC, and 1000oC with sintering time for 1 hour in the tube furnace in the argon gas vacuum environment. The number of samples used in this study amounted to 9 samples with variations in alloy and temperature sintering, consist of MMC CuC alloy with addition of Ti 0%, 0.5%, 1.5% (T=800 oC), MMC CuC with addition of Ti 0%, 0.5%, 1.5% (T=900 oC), and MMC CuC with addition of Ti 0%, 0.5%, 1.5% (T=1000 oC). The tests included Vickers hardness testing, metallography testing, XRD testing, and SEM-EDS testing. The addition of Ti elements and varying sintering temperature had an effect on the hardness value of MMC CuC material with the highest hardness value in samples with 1.5% Ti alloy (800oC) which is 87.25 HV, and the lowest porosity value is 2.491% in the sample of 1.5% Ti (1000oC).