bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doctors’ view about status of Teaching & Learning of Psychiatry at Undergraduate Medical Education in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan M Kumrul , Aktar Muqbula Tasrin , SA Ara , Kabir Fuad Reajwan , Islam Md Rafiqul 
Published: June 2021

This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was carried out at different Upazilla levels hospitals of Dhaka, Chattogram, Khulna, Sylhet, Rajshahi, Barisal & Rangpur divisions. It was conducted to find out the views of the doctors serving at primary health care level about the status of teaching & learning of Psychiatry at undergraduate medical education level in Bangladesh. The contents, teaching-learning hours, teaching-learning methods & assessment needed for Psychiatry of undergraduate medical curriculum 2002 & 2012 of Bangladesh were also reviewed & compared by the researcher. The study period was July 2019 to June 2020. A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire with five-point Likert scale was used. Convenience sampling technique was adopted & total 307 doctors participated in this study with their valuable opinions. After reviewing and comparing of undergraduate curriculum 2002 & 2012, it was found that content coverage & 20 hours lecture in psychiatry was same in both curricula. But block posting was reduced from 5 days to 3 days & ward placements was reduced from 4 weeks to 3 weeks in the curriculum of 2012 from curriculum of 2002. In curriculum 2002, there were 17.5 marks in written and 01 OSCE station in practical for Psychiatry and one examiner from either Psychiatry or Dermatology in paper II of Medicine in final professional MBBS examination. But there is no such provision for psychiatry in curriculum 2012. Among 307 doctors, 287 (86.9%) agreed that behavioral science should be taught by Psychiatrist instead of Community Medicine Specialist. Only 36 (11.8%) respondents agreed that their learning & training in psychiatry were sufficient during MBBS. Although, 227 (73.9%) doctors agreed that in their practice, a major portion of the patients were suffering from psychiatric problem, only 84 (27.4%) of them were confident enough to manage common Psychiatric cases. Among respondents, 238 (77.6%) agreed that placement of MBBS students in psychiatry should be from 3rd year and 260 (84.7%) agreed that Psychiatry should be given more weightage in MBBS curriculum. Around 180 (58.4%) doctors agreed that Psychiatry should be a separate subject as per standard set by WFME. Regarding examinership, 69% (212) respondents agreed that there should be one examiner from psychiatry in MBBS final Professional examination and 86.9% (267) of the respondents agreed that the Psychiatric part of MBBS curriculum should be updated immediately. The study recommended to update the psychiatric portion of MBBS Curriculum considering psychiatry as a separate subject as per the directive of WFME & like many countries of the world.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.12(2) July 2021: 18-22
Teachers views about the preparation of questions for question bank on the basis of subject content for the formative assessment of the department.
Authors: Tasnim Sanjida , Tasnim Saria , Alam Kazi Khairul , Rahman ABM Rizwanur , Kibria Raihan 
Published: June 2021

This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the teachers views about the preparation of questions for question bank on the basis of subject content for the formative assessment of the department. The study was conducted in four government and four non-government dental colleges. The teachers of the selected dental colleges were the study population and sample size was total of a 165 in which were 53 head of the department and 112 lecturers. Data was collected from the teachers with a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS 19. The questionnaire included different types of opinion about the question bank. In this study, tried to extract the information mainly about how a full phased question bank works in a dental college including question pattern and answer key preparation, moderation & constant development of the question bank, key personnel who directly involved with question preparation. Faculty members expressed their valuable opinions about different types of formative questions where it was found that Assistant Professors were closely involved with question preparation rather than other faculty members. The study also explores that even if formative questions were well prepared but lack of standard answers, rating scales and accepted checklist made the ultimate process of accessing question bank becomes challenging to conduct specific exams.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.12(2) July 2021: 23-29
Development and validation of a novel customized medium for the marine microbial culture
Authors: Alam Md Morshedul , Ahmed Redwan , Amin Md Ariful , Hossain Mohammad Nazir 
Published: June 2021

Marine microbes are difficult to culture and hence it takes expensive measure to study. Mostly metagenomics are suggested for marine microbial characterization instead of culturing them in a suitable medium. In this study, a new approach has been developed to culture the marine microorganisms. We customized the LB agar and liquid medium by adjusting the pH and salt concentration at seawater level and then studied the microbial load, their growth rate by turbidity assay and also identified their morphology through gram staining. This study ensures the comfortable growth of marine microbes at the laboratory level, which would further help the marine biotechnologists and microbiologists to work smoothly with marine microbial samples.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 999-1003, 2021 (June)
Genetic polymorphism and phylogenetic analysis of 15 autosomal STR markers in the Santal indigenous population of Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Md Mahamud , Rahman Md Hadisur , Akhteruzzaman Sharif 
Published: June 2021

Fifteen autosomal STR markers, namely D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, and FGA were typed using AmpFlSTR® Identifiler® Plus PCR amplification systems in 132 unrelated Santal individuals of Bangladesh. Forensic efficiency parameters like, matching probability (MP), power of discrimination (PD), polymorphism information content (PIC), power of exclusion (PE), typical paternity index (TPI), observed heterozygosity (Hobs), and expected heterozygosity (Hexp) were calculated for all the loci. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were detected for the loci after Bonferroni correction. The combined matching probability (MP), combined power of discrimination (PD) and combined power of exclusion (PE) for the 15 tested STR markers were 8.38 x 10-17, 0.999999998 and 0.0.999993866, respectively. A comparison of the locus wise allele frequencies of autosomal STR data of the Santal population with the published geographically close population data based on Nei’s genetic distance revealed that the Santal population is closely related to Munda population from Jharkhand, India.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1004-1009, 2021 (June)
Prevalence of fungi associated with storage seeds of different maize varieties
Authors: Sadia Ummay , Shamsi Shamim , Bashar Md Abul 
Published: June 2021

A total of seven species of fungi were isolated from seed samples of maize (Zea mays L.) collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur. Association of fungi with maize seeds was recorded three times viz., within a month after harvest, after three and six months of storage at 25°C and 4°C. The fungal association varied with duration of storage period. Seven fungi viz., Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger Van Teighem, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Fsarium verticillioides, Penicillium italicum and Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., were isolated from the different maize varieties namely KhaiBhutta, Barnali, Mohor, Bari Misty Bhutta, BHM-3, BHM-5, BM-5, BHM-6, BHM-7, BM-7 and BHM-9. Species of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus were predominating fung iwhich increased with the increase of storage period.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1010-1018, 2021 (June)
Identification of frequently consumed commercially prepared ready-to-eat foods and beverages in Bangladesh
Authors: Choudhury Sohel Reza , Shamim Abu Ahmed , Shaheen Nazma , Bahar Nisarga , Sarwar Sneha , Ashraf Md Musharraf , Mamun Mohammad Abdullah Al , Sobhan Sheikh Mohammad Mahbubus , Abedin Md Joynul , Hossen Kabir , Amin Mohammad Robed , Alim Abdul 
Published: June 2021

Ready-to-eat processed foods and beverages are eaten without further cooking or processing. These are generally energy-dense and contain a high amount of saturated fat, sodium, and added sugar. The consumption pattern of these foods varies regionally, seasonally, and agewise. The present study aims to identify commercially prepared ready-to-eat processed foods and beverages frequently consumed by different age groups in rural and urban areas of Bangladesh during the month of Ramadan and the non-Ramadan period. In this cross-sectional study, 948 individuals from 480 households in all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh were interviewed during the month of Ramadan and the Non- Ramadan period. We identified puffed rice, peyaju, chanachur, chips, unbranded ice cream to be the overall highly consumed foods, consumed by 46.3, 40.1, 39.6 38.0, and 33.1 percent respondents, respectively. Consumption of foods other than puffed rice was significantly different across the age groups (p<0.05). A significantly higher number of respondents consumed puffed rice, deep-fried foods (peyaju, beguni, jilapi), and branded ice cream during Ramadan as compared to the non-Ramadan period (p<0.05). It was also found that the overall consumption rate of packaged items was higher among the urban population as compared to the respondent living in rural areas. When the foods were scored according to their consumption rate stratified by age, fasting, and regions, puffed rice, chips, chanachur, unbranded ice cream, peyaju were found to be top foods. Considering frequent intake of processed foods their nutrient composition should be analyzed to know their healthiness.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1019-1030, 2021 (June)
Alteration of biomarkers of expired and cured COVID- 19 ICU patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Hasan Abu , Rahim Rummana , Rahman Mizanur 
Published: June 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV- 2). This is a retrospective observational study aimed to find the alteration of some biochemical and hematological parameters of 121 COVID-19 patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) of Evercare Hospital Dhaka during May to December 2020.
Methods: Retrospective biochemical, hematological and molecular (COVID-19 RT-PCR Ct value) markers were analyzed on COVID-19 patients in ICU and compared on those who died in the ICU and those cured.
Results: Comparison of viral titer assessed by RT-PCR Ct values of target genes of SARS-CoV-2 among cured and expired patients did not show any significant differences. However, biochemical parameters such as CRP, Ferritin and hematological parameters such as WBC, absolute neutrophil, absolute lymphocyte, D-dimer showed significant differences among cured and expired patients. Patients who died in ICU mean CRP, Ferritin, D-dimer, WBC, absolute neutrophil were 10.39, 7694.30, 3196, 16.38, 15.12 respectively, compared to cured patients 0.93, 457.57, 773, 11.24, 8.86 respectively, with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Platelets and absolute lymphocytes were observed decreased in expired patients compared to cured. Further, elevated level of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and reduced level of lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) has significant correlation with disease severity.
Conclusion: These findings indicate that biochemical parameters such as CRP, Ferritin and hematological parameters such as CBC, D-Dimer, NLR, LCR can be monitored to identify severity and fatality of COVID-19 patients and thus, may help in improving disease outcome.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1031-1037, 2021 (June)
A Study On Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Children with COVID-19 Attending A Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Iman Kazi , Mahbuba Sharmin , Rahat Farhana , Khanam Morsheda , Sultana Azmeri , Haque Md Fazlul 
Published: June 2021

Background: An outbreak of COVID-19 caused by 2019 novel coronavirus started first in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. Thereafter it spreaded to different countries of the world. Cases among children has been increasing day by day. Despite taking all measures of prevention virus spreading is uncontrolled.
Objectives: To determine the clinical features and laboratory profile of children with COVID-19.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Dr. MR Khan Shishu Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Dhaka. Clinical and laboratory profile were analyzed among the children (aged 0-16 years) admitted between 1st May 2020 to November 2020 with positive RT-PCR for COVID-19. Data were analyzed by using SPSS.
Results: Total 159 cases were included in the study. The most common symptom was fever (97.5%), then the second most common was cough (80.5%), other symptoms were diarrhea (28.3%), vomiting (17%), anorexia (30.8%) and weakness (30.2%). WBC count was within normal limit, leucocytosis was found in 5% cases and leucopenia in 3% cases. Few cases were reported with neutropenia and lymphopenia. Few cases were reported as thrombocytosis. ESR and CRP were high. Chest X-ray showed opacities in 62.9% cases. In most of the cases it was bilateral, few cases showed unilateral. In 37.1% cases it was normal. The disease category of all infected children remained same all through the hospital stay and no mortality was seen.
Conclusion: Children with COVID-19 had distinct clinical features. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms. WBC count was found within normal limit but ESR and CRP were high. Chest radiograph showed opacities in majority cases. The outcome of COVID-19 in children was good.
DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(2): 95-100
A Female with Evans Syndrome Presented with Pancytopenia
Authors: Chowdhury Md Rezaul Karim , Rashid Md Haroon Ur , Hossain Md Mahbub , Riyan Shafayet Hossain 
Published: June 2021

Evans syndrome is an uncommon haematological disorder characterised by autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA), immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and/or immune neutropenia. It may occur in all ethnic groups, all ages and has no sex predilection. The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is almost invariably positive. This condition generally runs a chronic course and is characterised by frequent exacerbations and remissions. Corticosteroids and/or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) are the most commonly used first line therapy. Here we report a case of a female who presented with severe shortness of breath, palpitation and low grade fever and on examination she was found severely pale and mildly icteric. Her CBC and PBF showed pancytopenia. Indirect bilirubin and LDH were raised and direct Coomb’s test was positive. She was labeled as a case of Evans syndrome and responded to oral prednisolone. On subsequent follow-up her haematological profiles remained normal.
J Enam Med Col 2020; 10(2): 114-117
Karakteristik Batuan Mesozoikum di Daerah Bengkayang : Berdasarkan Kandungan Unsur Anorganik
Authors: Hakim Fauzi Sukma Nur , Setijadi Rachmad 
Published: June 2021

Pengetahuan tentang kondisi geologi pada umur Mesozoikum mengalami perkembangan yang cukup lambat, karena keterbatasan data geologi yang cukup jarang tersingkap di lapangan. Daerah Bengkayang dan sekitarnya secara tektonik merupakan bagian dari Sundaland. Daerah ini dilalui oleh beberapa struktur geologi, menyebabkan batuan yang berumur Mesozoikum tersingkap ke permukaan. Data meassuring section pada lokasi penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan fluktuatif suplai sedimen yang ada di daerah penelitian, dari lingkungan transisi hingga ke laut. Hasil analisis XRF pada umur Trias akhir - Jura, ditemukan kelimpahan unsur Si dan Fe, baru kemudian diikuti dengan unsur Ca dan K, sedangkan pada umur Kapur terjadi penurunan sedikit unsur Si dan Fe, untuk unsur Ca dan K masih relatif sama. Pada umur Kapur Akhir - Oligosen terjadi penurunan kelimpahan unsur Fe, namun terjadi penaikan kelimpahan unsur Si dan C, mengindikasikan suplai sedimen pada umur Trias - Jura berasal dari lingkungan transisi, sedangkan pada umur Kapur suplai sedimen semakin menuju ke arah laut.Katakunci: Mesozoikum, XRF, Sundaland, Bengkayang.
Multimodal differential diagnostics of viral pneumonia in SARS‑CoV‑2 pandemic conditions (clinical case)
Authors: Borsukov A. V. , Morozova T. G. , Venidiktova D. Yu. , Tikhankova A. V. , Gorbatenko O. A. , Kovalyov А. A. , Tagil A. O. , Eryomkina A. V. , Bezmenova T. S. 
Published: June 2021

Objective. To demonstrate the capabilities of a comprehensive instrumental multimodal differential diagnosis of viral pneumonia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Material and methods. A clinical case of a patient with complicated viral pneumonia and a detailed description of the clinical picture, laboratory information, instrumental research data using minimally invasive interventions, followed by cytological and bacteriological examination, is presented.Results. While the patient was in the hospital, a comprehensive study was performed with a targeted assessment of the state of the chest organs and using minimally invasive diagnostic methods. The signs of bilateral pneumonia (probably of viral etiology, possibly corresponding to COVID-19 infection) revealed by ultrasound and MDCT of the chest organs were the basis for patient’s hospitalization.Conclusion. The multimodal instrumental approach allows to obtain a more complete picture of the pathological process in patients with viral pneumonia in a short time and minimizing radiation and determine the further tactical position in the treatment of this category of patients.
Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular 3D Speckle-Tracking Strain and Ejection Fraction in Patients With HFpEF
Authors: Meng Yuanli , Zhu Shuangshuang , Xie Yuji , Zhang Yanting , Qian Mingzhu , Gao Lang , Li Meng , Lin Yixia , Wu Wenqian , Wang Jing , Yang Yali , Lv Qing , Zhang Li , Li Yuman , Xie Mingxing 
Published: June 2021

Background: Right ventricular longitudinal strain of free wall (RV FWLS) assessed by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) is recognized as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, the prognostic implications of three-dimensional STE (3D-STE) parameters in patients with HFpEF have not been well-established. The purpose of our study was to determine whether 3D-STE parameters were the more powerful predictors of poor outcomes in HFpEF patients compared with 2D-STE indices.Methods: Eighty-one consecutive patients with HFpEF were studied by 2D-STE and 3D-STE. RV volumes, ejection fraction (EF) and 3D-RVFWLS were measured by 3D-STE. 2D-RVFWLS was determined by 2D-STE. Patients were followed for the primary end point of heart failure (HF)-related hospitalization and death for HF.Results: After a median follow-up period of 17 months, 39 (48%) patients reached the end point of cardiovascular events. Compared with HFpEF patients without end-point events, those with end-point events had lower RVEF and 3D-RVFWLS (P &lt; 0.05). Separate multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that 3D-RVFWLS (HR 5.73; 95% CI 2.77–11.85; P &lt; 0.001), RVEF (HR 3.47; 95% CI 1.47–8.21; P = 0.005), and 2D-RVFWLS (HR 3.17; 95% CI 1.54–6.53; P = 0.002) were independent predictors of adverse outcomes. The models with 3D-RVFWLS (AIC = 246, C-index = 0.75) and RVEF (AIC = 247, C-index = 0.76) had similar predictive performance for future clinical events as with 2D-RVFWLS (AIC = 248, C-index = 0.74).Conclusions: 3D-STE parameters are powerful predictors of poor outcomes, providing a similar predictive value as 2D-STE indices in patients with HFpEF. These findings support the potential of RV 3D-STE to identify HFpEF patients at higher risk for adverse cardiac events.
Monochromatic Long-Period Seismicity Prior to the 2012 Earthquake Swarm at Little Sitkin Volcano, Alaska
Authors: Haney Matthew M. , Buurman Helena , Holtkamp Stephen , McNutt Stephen R. 
Published: June 2021

Detection of the earliest stages of unrest is one of the most challenging and yet critically needed aspects of volcano monitoring. We investigate a sequence of five unusual long-period (LP) earthquakes that occurred in the days prior to the onset of a months-long volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquake swarm beneath Little Sitkin volcano in the Aleutian Islands during late 2012. The long-period earthquakes had two distinctive characteristics: their signals were dominated by a monochromatic spectral peak at approximately 0.57 Hz and they had impulsive P and S-wave arrivals on a seismometer located on Amchitka Island 80 km to the southeast of the volcano. In each case, the monochromatic earthquakes ended with a higher-frequency event after approximately 2 min of duration. We find evidence that the five monochromatic LP earthquakes resulted from the resonance of a tabular magma body at middle crustal depths (15 km) on the western side of Little Sitkin. Based on the resonant frequency and quality factor of the monochromatic LP earthquakes, we infer the magma body to have a lateral extent of 500 m and a thickness of 9 m. We interpret that a magmatic intrusion excited the monochromatic LP earthquakes and subsequently increased the stress beneath the volcano, leading to the onset of the shallow (&lt;10 km depth) VT swarm five days later.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk of Diabetic Complications in Data-Driven Clusters Among Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Xing Lin , Peng Fangyu , Liang Qian , Dai Xiaoshuang , Ren Junli , Wu Han , Yang Shufen , Zhu Yaxin , Jia Lijing , Zhao Shancen 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThis study aimed to cluster newly diagnosed patients and patients with long-term diabetes and to explore the clinical characteristics, risk of diabetes complications, and medication treatment related to each cluster.Research Design and MethodsK-means clustering analysis was performed on 1,060 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes based on five variables (HbA1c, age at diagnosis, BMI, HOMA2-IR, and HOMA2-B). The clinical features, risk of diabetic complications, and the utilization of elven types of medications agents related to each cluster were evaluated with the chi-square test and the Tukey–Kramer method.ResultsFour replicable clusters were identified, severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD), mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD), and mild age-related diabetes (MARD). In terms of clinical characteristics, there were significant differences in blood pressure, renal function, and lipids among clusters. Furthermore, individuals in SIRD had the highest prevalence of stages 2 and 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) (57%) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) (67%), while individuals in SIDD had the highest risk of diabetic retinopathy (32%), albuminuria (31%) and lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) (13%). Additionally, the difference in medication treatment of clusters were observed in metformin (p = 0.012), α-glucosidase inhibitor (AGI) (p = 0.006), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP-4) (p = 0.017), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) (p &lt;0.001), insulin (p &lt;0.001), and statins (p = 0.006).ConclusionsThe newly diagnosed patients and patients with long-term diabetes can be consistently clustered into featured clusters. Each cluster had significantly different patient characteristics, risk of diabetic complications, and medication treatment.