bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conditioning the microenvironment for soft tissue regeneration in a cell free scaffold
Authors: Gerges Irini , Tamplenizza Margherita , Martello Federico , Koman Stefano , Chincarini Giulia , Recordati Camilla , Tamplenizza Mariacaterina , Guelcher Scott , Crestani Maurizio , Tocchio Alessandro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe use of cell-free scaffolds for the regeneration of clinically relevant volumes of soft tissue has been challenged, particularly in the case of synthetic biomaterials, by the difficulty of reconciling the manufacturing and biological performance requirements. Here, we investigated in vivo the importance of biomechanical and biochemical cues for conditioning the 3D regenerative microenvironment towards soft tissue formation. In particular, we evaluated the adipogenesis changes related to 3D mechanical properties by creating a gradient of 3D microenvironments with different stiffnesses using 3D Poly(Urethane-Ester-ether) PUEt scaffolds. Our results showed a significant increase in adipose tissue proportions while decreasing the stiffness of the 3D mechanical microenvironment. This mechanical conditioning effect was also compared with biochemical manipulation by loading extracellular matrices (ECMs) with a PPAR-γ activating molecule. Notably, results showed mechanical and biochemical conditioning equivalency in promoting adipose tissue formation in the conditions tested, suggesting that adequate mechanical signaling could be sufficient to boost adipogenesis by influencing tissue remodeling. Overall, this work could open a new avenue in the design of synthetic 3D scaffolds for microenvironment conditioning towards the regeneration of large volumes of soft and adipose tissue, with practical and direct implications in reconstructive and cosmetic surgery.
Gram-positive bacteria cell wall-derived lipoteichoic acid induces inflammatory alveolar bone loss through prostaglandin E production in osteoblasts
Authors: Tominari Tsukasa , Sanada Ayumi , Ichimaru Ryota , Matsumoto Chiho , Hirata Michiko , Itoh Yoshifumi , Numabe Yukihiro , Miyaura Chisato , Inada Masaki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPeriodontitis is an inflammatory disease associated with severe alveolar bone loss and is dominantly induced by lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria; however, the role of Gram-positive bacteria in periodontal bone resorption remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a major cell-wall factor of Gram-positive bacteria, on the progression of inflammatory alveolar bone loss in a model of periodontitis. In coculture of mouse primary osteoblasts and bone marrow cells, LTA induced osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. LTA enhanced the production of PGE2 accompanying the upregulation of the mRNA expression of mPGES-1, COX-2 and RANKL in osteoblasts. The addition of indomethacin effectively blocked the LTA-induced osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the production of PGE2. Using ex vivo organ cultures of mouse alveolar bone, we found that LTA induced alveolar bone resorption and that this was suppressed by indomethacin. In an experimental model of periodontitis, LTA was locally injected into the mouse lower gingiva, and we clearly detected alveolar bone destruction using 3D-μCT. We herein demonstrate a new concept indicating that Gram-positive bacteria in addition to Gram-negative bacteria are associated with the progression of periodontal bone loss.
Inflammatory biomarkers in pregnant women with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lombardi Andrea , Duiella Silvia , Li Piani Letizia , Comelli Agnese , Ceriotti Ferruccio , Oggioni Massimo , Muscatello Antonio , Bandera Alessandra , Gori Andrea , Ferrazzi Enrico 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic viral disease affecting also obstetric patients and uncertainties exist about the prognostic role of inflammatory biomarkers and hemocytometry values in patients with this infection. To clarify that, we have assessed the values of several inflammatory biomarkers and hemocytometry variables in a cohort of obstetric patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and we have correlated the values at admission with the need of oxygen supplementation during the hospitalization. Overall, among 62 (27.3%) pregnant women and 165 (72.7%) postpartum women, 21 (9.2%) patients received oxygen supplementation and 2 (0.9%) required admission to intensive care unit but none died. During hospitalization leukocytes (p < 0.001), neutrophils (p < 0.001), neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (p < 0.001) and C reactive protein (p < 0.001) decreased significantly, whereas lymphocytes (p < 0.001), platelets (p < 0.001) and ferritin (p = 0.001) increased. Lymphocyte values at admission were correlated with oxygen need, with a 26% higher risk of oxygen supplementation for each 1000 cells decreases. Overall, in obstetric patients hospitalized with COVID-19, C reactive protein is the inflammatory biomarker that better mirrors the course of the disease whereas D-dimer or ferritin are not reliable predictors of poor outcome. Care to the need of oxygen supplementation should be reserved to patients with reduced lymphocyte values at admission.
Stock values predictions using deep learning based hybrid models
Authors: Yadav Konark , Yadav Milind , Saini Sandeep 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPredicting the correct values of stock prices in fast fluctuating high‐frequency financial data is always a challenging task. A deep learning‐based model for live predictions of stock values is aimed to be developed here. The authors' have proposed two models for different applications. The first one is based on Fast Recurrent Neural Networks (Fast RNNs). This model is used for stock price predictions for the first time in this work. The second model is a hybrid deep learning model developed by utilising the best features of FastRNNs, Convolutional Neural Networks, and Bi‐Directional Long Short Term Memory models to predict abrupt changes in the stock prices of a company. The 1‐min time interval stock data of four companies for a period of one and three days is considered. Along with the lower Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), the proposed models have low computational complexity as well, so that they can also be used for live predictions. The models' performance is measured by the RMSE along with computation time. The model outperforms Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average, FBProphet, LSTM, and other proposed hybrid models on both RMSE and computation time for live predictions of stock values.
A game‐theory analysis of the subsidy withdrawal policy for China's photovoltaic power generation industry
Authors: Wang Jianliang , Geng Xu , Hu Hui , Xiong Wanfang , Burns Kelly 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOver the past decade, the feed‐in‐tariff (FIT) subsidy policy of China has driven rapid growth in the photovoltaic power generation (PPG) industry. China now boasts the largest installed capacity of PPG around the world. However, the policy‐driven expansion of the PPG industry has not brought about a simultaneous improvement in quality. PPG costs remain high and it is difficult to sustain PPG competitiveness. Therefore, it is imperative to gradually withdraw from the implementation of photovoltaic subsidies. Using a game theory approach, this study investigates the impact of subsidy exit policy on China's PPG industry. The results show that stimulating research and development (R&D) can be difficult under current uncertain subsidy withdrawal plan. The government should announce the plan of subsidy reduction with clear adjustment as well as corresponding effective dates. In addition, under the condition of government‐controlled prices, the social welfare of the monopoly market is higher than that in the competitive market. In order to achieve the same technological progress and target output, the total cost (including enterprise cost and government expenditure) in competitive market is higher than that in monopoly market, which is caused by repeated R&D investment and technical cost. Technical cooperation could lower costs and increase profits, and is therefore recommended.
A robust state estimator against constant measurement delay based on the sensitivity penalisation of model‐parameter errors for systems with no exogenous inputs
Authors: He Qiunong , Liu Huabo , Duan Qianwen , Mao Yao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, a class of linear system, which is with no exogenous input and suffered from constant measurement delay and uncertain model‐parameter errors, is under consideration. To combat both the parametric uncertainties and constant measurement delay, a novel robust state estimator is proposed. Accounting for the constant measurement delay, a clever approach is utilised to expand the state vector and the system model is converted into an augmented delay‐free model. Considering the deterioration of estimation performance caused by stochastic model‐parameter errors, the sensitivity penalisation function of model‐parameter errors is defined and introduced into the objective function of the regularised least‐squares (RLS) problem, whose solution is the standard Kalman filter. Furthermore, by restricting the range of introduced parameter, the objective function of the modified RLS problem is converted into a strict convex function. Then, the recursive procedure of the proposed estimator is derived. The asymptotic stability conditions of the proposed estimator and the conditions for boundness of the estimation error matrix are given. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the estimator proposed in this paper.
Self‐oscillating isolated‐buck (fly‐buck) converter
Authors: Zaikin Denys Igorovych 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study presents a self‐oscillating fly‐buck converter. The primary objective of this research is to lower the final bill of materials cost of a fly‐buck converter. The fly‐buck converter is based on a relaxation self‐oscillation circuit. The main transformer is updated with two additional auxiliary windings for positive feedback implementation. The turn ratios of these windings are estimated, and criteria for a stable oscillation mode are developed. A switching frequency formula is also provided. Furthermore, an example start‐up circuit is proposed and calculated. Output voltage stabilisation is implemented and demonstrated to work with 10% variations in input voltage. The experimental data and design procedure are presented along with a comparison of the proposed fly‐buck converter against conventional fly‐buck converters. The converter is optimised for maximum efficiency, with an efficiency of demonstrated at 20 W output power. The proposed self‐oscillating circuit can also be implemented in a conventional synchronous buck converter. The Maxima software code for automated calculation of the converter is supplied as supplemental active media content.
Psychological, pedagogical, and digital aspects of distance learning in Kazakhstan in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Burakanova G.M. , Orazgaliyeva A.G. , Pinaev S.M. 
Published: June 2021

Аbstract.
The article provides an assessment by the participants of the educational process (students, teachers, administration) of the transition to distance learning in educational organizations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a survey conducted in all regions of Kazakhstan. The results of the study showed that the emergency transition of universities to distance learning in connection with the pandemic declared by WHO had a significant impact on the quality and organization of the pedagogical process. This is largely due to the insufficient level of readiness of the relevant state bodies to ensure the material and technical transition to distance learning linked to the previous low rates of digitalization of infrastructure and the ways of interaction between relevant government agencies and educational institutions of the country. Most of the students studied using a smartphone, which signals the lack of a high-quality and efficient educational online platform. The results of the study revealed the need for diversified psychological, pedagogical, and methodological training of teachers in the framework of cyber pedagogy.
Invasive und nicht-invasive außerklinische Beatmung in Deutschland
Authors: Schwarz Sarah Bettina , Wollsching-Strobel Maximilian , Majorski Daniel Sebastian , Magnet Friederike Sophie , Mathes Tim , Windisch Wolfram 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Zahl der außerklinisch beatmeten Patienten in Deutschland ist seit Jahren steigend. Allerdings liegen detaillierte Daten zur stationären Einleitung sowie stationären Kontrolle einer außerklinischen Beatmung nicht vor. Dies erscheint allerdings zwingend notwendig, um die Versorgungsstrukturen in Deutschland bestmöglich auszurichten. Hierbei ist es wichtig, auch regionale Unterschiede zu berücksichtigen, um die Versorgungsstrukturen bedarfsgerecht zu planen.
Methode Analysiert wurden die Datensätze des Statistischen Bundesamtes über die OPS (Operation and Procedure Classification System)-Kennziffern zur außerklinischen Beatmung in der stationären Patientenversorgung im Zeitraum von 2008–2019 (N = 572 494).
Ergebnisse Erstens: Zwischen 2008 und 2019 hat sich die Zahl der Einleitungen und Kontrollen mehr als verdoppelt. Die Zahl der Neueinleitungen (N = 17 958) und der Kontrollen (N = 49 140) war im Jahr 2019 am höchsten. Zusätzlich zeigt sich die Entwicklung der außerklinischen Beatmung auf Bundeslandebene sehr heterogen. Die Anstiege sind dabei insbesondere auf die Steigerung der nicht-invasiv beatmeten Patienten zurückzuführen.
Schlussfolgerung Die rasante Entwicklung in der außerklinischen Beatmung stößt an kapazitäre Grenzen der bestehenden Versorgungsstruktur. Zukünftige Versorgungsstrukturen sollten eine engere Verzahnung zwischen ambulanter und stationärer Medizin erlauben, um Patienten mit außerklinischer Beatmung mit hoher Behandlungsqualität versorgen zu können, ohne die personellen und ökonomischen Grenzen des Systems zu sprengen.
Rapid Palatal Expansion Should Not Be Trivialized: Two Case Reports of Unexpected Complications
Authors: Lopponi Gaia , Maino Bortolo Giuliano , Dalessandri Domenico 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRapid maxillary expansion is one of the most common orthodontic procedures performed in the pediatric population, easy to accomplish and compliance free, therefore really effective. Nevertheless, a careful diagnosis and frequent clinical follow-up appointments are necessary during the first weeks of active treatment. The purpose of this article was to report two cases of unexpected complications during orthopaedic maxillary expansion, involving two 7-year-old female patients, one presenting a saddle nose with suborbital hematoma and the other one an asymmetric palatal expansion. In both cases, the clinical situation progressively relapsed during the months following expansion appliance removal.
TaTME: Present and Future Perspectives?
Authors: Otero-Piñeiro A. M. , Bravo R. , Lacy A. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTransanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is a new procedure developed to overcome the specific difficulties posed by rectal surgery, especially in narrow pelvis, male, and obese patients, and can be used in benign and malignant pathologies. The advantages are especially important in rectal cancer, as they could potentially result in a more precise distal dissection, lower rate of positive circumferential resection margins, and increase the rate of sphincter-sparing procedures. The indications for TaTME are currently expanding, despite not yet being standardized. Training programs are increasing day by day, to improve the learning curve related to this difficult technique. The procedure is feasible and safe with similar intraoperative complications and readmission rates compared with open/laparoscopic approach. Oncological results have shown that TaTME is associated with better quality mesorectal excision and safer distal resection margin. In this work, we review the evolution of TaTME, surgical technique, development, applicability, current situation, and implementation, as well as future perspectives for colorectal cancer and other pathologies. While satisfactory short-term results have been reported, it is a new technique, and long-term results and definitive results from controlled trials are pending. As evidence of safety and feasibility accumulates, training programs structured to standardize teaching, training, and safe expansion will aid the safe spread of TaTME.
27.27 Product Class 27: 1,2-Diimines
Authors: Isovitsch R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe utility of 1,2-diimines (α-diimines, 1,4-diazabutadienes) stems from the ease with which their steric and electronic properties can be tailored to a specific use. Current interest in this area involves using 1,2-diimines as precursors for novel bioactive compounds, as well as transition-metal ligands for the formation of novel polymerization catalysts and chemotherapeutic agents. In this review, the fundamental approaches for the synthesis of 1,2-diimines are described, as well as a current sampling of the unique ways that they are used to solve research problems. The chapter is organized based on the ways that 1,2-diimines are synthesized: condensation reactions and metal-promoted methods.
Multiplicity and simultaneity in ethnographic research: Exploring the use of drones in Ghana
Authors: Adotey Edem 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research note explores the ethical and methodological implications of using drones for ethnographic research at events that involve simultaneous activities and/or large crowds and large spaces. Based on the methodological challenges of collecting visual data using cameras in the case of royal funerals in Ghana, this note argues that the aerial viewpoint provided by drones could transform visual data collection by capturing sophisticated views of multiple events happening at the same time. However, it also identifies ethical and methodological challenges of using drones and argues that it could obscure the understanding of sociocultural complexities. This research note contributes to our understanding of visual methodologies by highlighting how drone technology extends and complicates current understandings and debates on the use of photographs and films in ethnography.
Destructive Arthropathy of the Femoral Head
Authors: Layfield Lester J , Crim Julia R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Destructive arthropathy of the hip refers to noninfectious arthropathy causing extensive femoral head bone destruction. It has been described in the surgical literature using a variety of diagnostic criteria, but it remains a poorly defined entity.

Methods
Cases of destructive arthropathy diagnosed at our institution between July 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019, were identified by a free text search of the radiology database. The medical record of each case was reviewed for possible causes of femoral head destruction, clinical presentation, laboratory values, imaging studies, and pathologic diagnoses. Imaging studies and pathology specimens were retrospectively reviewed.

Results
Twenty femoral heads were identified in which there was 25% or greater destruction of the femoral head in the absence of infections, congenital disease, or inflammatory arthritis. Destructive arthropathy was characterized pathologically by fibromyxoid change of the marrow, aggregates of necrotic bone fragments, increased numbers of osteoclasts, increased trabecular destruction, and granuloma-like aggregates.

Conclusions
The histologic findings were distinctive. We postulate that a variety of preexisting conditions set in motion a cascade of tissue factors that led to bone destruction.
Nucleic acid requirement of plants from low phosphorus habitats. A Commentary on: Foliar nutrient-allocation patterns inBanksia attenuataandBanksia sessilisdiffering in growth rate and adaptation to low-phosphorus habitats
Authors: Raven John A 
Published: June 2021

This article comments on:Zhongming Han, Jianmin Shi, Jiayin Pang, Li Yan, Patrick M. Finnegan and Hans Lambers. Foliar nutrient allocation patterns in Banksia attenuata and Banksia sessilis differing in growth rate and adaptation to low-phosphorus habitats, Annals of Botany, Volume 128, Issue 4, 03 September 2021, Pages 419–430, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab013
Broad activation of the Parkin pathway induces synaptic mitochondrial deficits in early tauopathy
Authors: Jeong Yu Young , Han Sinsuk , Jia Nuo , Zhang Mingyang , Sheshadri Preethi , Tammineni Prasad , Cheung Jasmine , Nissenbaum Marialaina , Baskar Sindhuja S , Kwan Kelvin , Margolis David J , Jiang Peng , Kusnecov Alexander W. , Cai Qian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Mitochondrial defects are a hallmark of early pathophysiology in Alzheimer’s disease, with pathologically phosphorylated tau reported to induce mitochondrial toxicity. Mitophagy constitutes a key pathway in mitochondrial quality control by which damaged mitochondria are targeted for autophagy. However, few details are known regarding the intersection of mitophagy and pathologies in tauopathy.
Here, by applying biochemical and cell biological approaches including time-lapse confocal imaging in live tauopathy neurons, combined with gene rescue experiments via stereotactic injections of adeno-associated virus particles into tauopathy mouse brains, electrophysiological recordings and behavioural tests, we demonstrate for the first time that mitochondrial distribution deficits at presynaptic terminals are an early pathological feature in tauopathy brains. Furthermore, Parkin-mediated mitophagy is extensively activated in tauopathy neurons, which accelerates mitochondrial Rho GTPase 1 (Miro1) turnover and consequently halts Miro1-mediated mitochondrial anterograde movement towards synaptic terminals. As a result, mitochondrial supply at tauopathy synapses is disrupted, impairing synaptic function. Strikingly, increasing Miro1 levels restores the synaptic mitochondrial population by enhancing mitochondrial anterograde movement and thus reverses tauopathy-associated synaptic failure. In tauopathy mouse brains, overexpression of Miro1 markedly elevates synaptic distribution of mitochondria and protects against synaptic damage and neurodegeneration, thereby counteracting impairments in learning and memory as well as synaptic plasticity.
Taken together, our study reveals that activation of the Parkin pathway triggers an unexpected effect—depletion of mitochondria from synaptic terminals, a characteristic feature of early tauopathy. We further provide new mechanistic insights into how parkin activation-enhanced Miro1 degradation and impaired mitochondrial anterograde transport drive tauopathy-linked synaptic pathogenesis and establish a foundation for future investigations into new therapeutic strategies to prevent synaptic deterioration in Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies.