bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropometry Study Using Adult Pelvic 3D CT for Determining Sexes at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawati Rosy , Ruriana Ika , Priyambodo  , Guglielmi Giuseppe 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pelvic bones are the most reliable indicator of sex in adults because of its sexual dimorphism. Medical imaging modalities e.g. Computed Tomography (CT) provide data sources to examine modern human variation quantitatively. This study aims to determine pelvic anthropometry characteristics and logistic regression formula for adult sex identification obtained from pelvic 3D CT. This study was an observational analytical study with retrospective regression and cross-sectional approach. The population was all patients in Radiology Installation of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from September to December 2019 who underwent pelvic 3D CT examination. Then, age distribution and pelvic measurements data were obtained. In this case, statistical analysis was conducted for all the data obtained. A number of 204 samples were included in this study. Mean age of the patients was 50.23 ± 14.36 years. All radiologic components were also significantly different between sexes (p < 0.05) except for transverse diameter of sacral segment (p = 0.180). Moreover, eta test was performed and found that APOD, CPID, LIH, TPO, and SPA had the strongest correlation. Those variables were used for making statistical models with logistic regression as sex = (0,125 x CPID) – (0,180 x LIH) + (0,078 x SPA) + 8,912. The calculation result > 0 is a prediction for female while < 0 is a prediction for male. From logistic regression model calculation, a high validity value (91.05%) was found with 100% sensitivity to identify male sex and 81.1% specificity to identify female sex. There were differences on radiometric variable characteristics in pelvic anthropometric study. The regression formula for sex determination in adults using 3D-CT pelvic provides a pelvic model sex determination with higher validity and sensitivity for male identification, as well as higher a specificity for female identification
Study and Computer-aided Design of Flux-cored Wire Rolling in Round Gauges
Authors: Gribkov Eduard P. , Malyhin Serhii O. , Hurkovskaya Svetlana S. , Berezshnaya Elena V. , Merezhko Dmytro V. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The mathematical model of the stress-strain state during flux-cored wire rolling in round gauges has been developed. Simulation was based on dividing the deformation zone into elementary volumes and simultaneous solution of the plasticity condition for porous materials and power static equilibrium equation inside the elementary volume. A distinctive feature of this model is taking into account the porous medium strain in the deformation zone. The experiments have confirmed the validity of the mathematical model for predicting the powder density and the energy-power characteristics of the process. Based on the developed mathematical model, the criteria and conditions for optimization were formulated, and the algorithm was developed for the automated design of technology for flux-cored wire rolling in round gauges. As an example of the obtained solutions implementation, the calculation of sintered copper flux-cored wire rolling technology was given.
Economy and Pollution by CO2 Emissions - Kuznets Environmental Curve in Asia Pacific Countries
Authors: Ortiz-Paniagua Carlos Francisco , Mata Mario Nuno , Gómes Mario , Martins José Moleiro , González-Garcia Juan , Dantas Rui Miguel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The economies of the Asia Pacific region (APEC) are among the most dynamic, with the highest levels of commercial activity and environmental degradation in the world. One way to study trends in the relationship between the economy and pollution is the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). This perspective assumed that in the long-term, higher levels of wealth would be achieve lower pollution levels. The aim was analyze whether the EKC behavior occurs for the APEC economies. The method used was an econometric model for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and GDP. The results showed stationary unit root in first differences, this suggest the presence of EKC behavior was explained with a high probability level that the GDP coefficient would reach an inflection point to become negative and significant.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast Transthoracic Echocardiography, Contrast Transcranial Doppler and Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients Undergoing Patent Foramen Ovale Closure
Authors: Wang Kaijing , Ni Xianda , Wu Yuxin , Chen Chen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To compare diagnostic accuracy of cTTE, cTCD and TEE in patients undergoing patent foramen ovale closure (PFO) so as to provide evidence for clinical decision-making.Methods: The clinical data of 140 patients with cerebral infarction or migraine who successfully underwent PFO closure or whose right cardiac catheterization results showed no PFO in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively, including clinical baseline, data of cTTE, cTCD and TEE.Results: Patients who successfully underwent PFO closure or whose right cardiac catheterization results showed no PFO were divided into group A and group B, respectively. The differences of the shunt in cTTE and cTCD, the diameter of PFO in TEE and the appearance of bubbles in cTTE were compared. The results showed that the proportion of medium-large shunt in group A was significantly higher than group B in resting cTCD, post-Valsalva cTCD and total cTCD respectively (67.35% VS 42.86%，P=0.004；100% VS 71.42%，P=0.0003；81.63% VS 51.43%，P=0.002). The proportion of medium-large shunt in group A was higher than group B in cTCD (75.90% VS 19.35%，P＜0.001). The diameters of PFO of group A were larger than group B in TEE (2.18±0.78 VS 1.19±0.78，P＜0.001). Take the successful PFO closure as the state variable. The ROC curves of cTTE, cTCD and TEE were made, and the results showed that cTCD and TEE had better sensitivity and specificity. The proportion of appearance of bubbles within 5 cardiac cycles in cTTE in group A was significantly higher than group B (73.47% VS 42.86%，P=0.005).Conclusions: For the patients with PFO to be occluded, the success rate of operation could be improved by selecting patients with larger shunt, larger diameter of foramen ovale and shorter interval in the appearance of bubbles. Otherwise, there was perhaps no PFO. cTCD and TEE had better diagnostic value for PFO closure than that of cTTE.
Dietary quality indices modify the effects of apolipoprotein B polymorphisms on cardio-metabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Karimi Elmira , Sotoudeh Gity , Rafiee Masoumeh , Koohdani Fariba 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We tried to identify the interaction between dietary quality indices and apolipoprotein B Ins/Del and EcoR1 polymorphisms on cardio-metabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This cross-sectional study recruited 700 adults with T2DM in Tehran. The genotypes of Ins/Del and EcoR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were explored via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Dietary quality index-international (DQI-I), healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) and dietary phytochemical index (DPI) were calculated by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). In both crude and adjusted model for confounding factors, we observed significant interactions between DQI-I and Ins/Del SNP on leptin in and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2 α (8-iso-PGF2α), DPI and EcoR1 SNP on total cholesterol (TC) and between Ins/Del SNP and HEI-2015 on interleukin-18 (IL-18). Furthermore, in crude model there were close to meaningful interactions between EcoR1 SNP and DQI-I on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and between EcoR1 SNP and HEI-2015 on serum leptin and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Our finding indicated that the association between DQI-I, HEI-2015 and DPI with IL-18, TC, leptin and 8-iso-PGF2α in patients with T2DM might be dependent on Ins/Del and EcoR1 variants in ApoB gene.
Cardiac Involvement in Patients Recovered From COVID-19 Identified Using Left Ventricular Longitudinal Strain
Authors: Caiado Luiz Darcy Cortez , de Azevedo Nathalia Caiado , Azevedo Rafael R. C. , Caiado Brasil R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has been associated with subclinical myocardial dysfunction during its acute phase and a recurring pattern of reduced basal left ventricular longitudinal strain on speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) in hospitalized patients. But a question still remains unanswered: speckle tracking echocardiography might also be suitable to detect residual myocardial involvement after acute stage of COVID-19? Methods and results: We studied 100 patients recovered from COVID-19 with STE to evaluate global (GLS) and segmentar longitudinal strain (LS) and compared with a control group of 100 healthy individuals. STE was performed at a median of 130.35 +/- 76.06 days after COVID-19 diagnostic. Demographic and echocardiographic parameters are similar in both groups. Left ventricular ejection faction (LVEF) and GLS were normal in COVID-19 patients (66.20 +/- 1.98% and -19.51 +/- 2.87%, respectively). A reduction in mean LS for the basal segments was found in COVID-19 (16.48 +/- 5.41%) when compared to control group (19.09 +/- 4.31%) (p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study suggests that COVID-19 induced cardiac involvement could persist after recovery of the disease and may be detected by deformation abnormalities using STE. COVID-19 induced myocardial involvement often shows specific LV deformation patterns due to pronounced edema and/or myocardial damage in basal LV segments.
The Dynamic Amplification Effect of A Site with Earth Fissures: A Case Study in the Taiyuan Basin, China
Authors: Chang Jiang , Deng Yahong , Cao Ge , Xuan You , He Nainan , Zhao Xunchang , Mu Huangdong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As a widespread geological hazard, the disaster development process of earth fissures is irreversible and difficult to control, which seriously affects the construction and safe operation of engineering facilities. However, few clear conclusions and special regulations have been given regarding the influence of earth fissures on the dynamic response characteristics of a site and earthquake prevention and disaster reduction measures. Therefore, the microtremor was used instead of earthquake motions to reveal the dynamic response of a site with fissures. The earth fissures in the Taiyuan Basin, which exhibit a large amount of activity, were used as examples. In order to reveal the dynamic response from several aspects, four methods, including the Fourier spectrum, the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR), the response acceleration, and the Arias intensity, were employed. The results show that the spectrum peaks increase sharply at an earth fissure and return to a stable value approximately 20–25 m away from the fissure, indicating that the earth fissures have an amplification effect on the dynamic response of the site. Additionally, a greater amplification occurs on the hanging wall of the earth fissure. The influence range of the dynamic response of site can be divided into four areas. Suggestions on the seismic fortification intensity and setback distances were also proposed. The amplification mechanism was summarized as the coupling of the changes in the soil properties caused by earth fissure activity, the catadioptric effect of the earth fissure interface, and the multiple amplifications caused by secondary fissures.
Clean Air Act mitigate the cognitive deterioration in older adults
Authors: Yao Yao , Lv Xiaozhen , Qiu Chengxuan , Li Jiajianghui , Wu Xiao , Zhang Hao , Yue Dahai , Eshak Ehab , Anstey Kaarin , Livingston Gill , Xue Tao , Zhang Jim , Wang Huali , Zeng Yi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Air pollution may accelerate cognitive aging, it is unclear whether large-scale interventions by Clean Air Act can mitigate the cognitive deterioration. Here, we conducted a difference-in-differences analysis based on Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey during 2014 and 2018. Intervention group came from where the government set a strict target of reducing air pollution, whereas control group lived in areas without reduction target. Global cognitive functions were measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We found the intervention group with implementing Clean Air Act had a significantly smaller decline in MMSE score compared to the control group. Interquartile increases in PM2.5 and SO2 concentrations were significantly associated with a faster decline of MMSE score by 1.78 and 0.92 points, respectively. Implementing stringent clean air policies, especially in low- and middle-income countries may mitigate the risk of cognitive aging in older people.
WITHDRAWN: Few-shot Learning on the Diagnosis of Lymphatic Metastasis of Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Teng Haohua , Zhang Weidong , Wei Jinzhi , Lv Lei , Tang Licheng , Fu Chi-Cheng , Cai Yumeng , Qin Gang , Ye Min , Fang Qu , Han Yuchen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background：Lymph node metastasis of lung cancer plays an important part in lung cancer diagnosis since its close relationship with patients’ prognosis and subsequent treatment, however, diagnosis of lymph node metastases often was tedious and takes too much time for pathologists. Automatized classification with few-shot learning algorithms is required for clinical situations that only unbalanced and small datasets can be collected. We developed a few-shot learning algorithms for automatized classification of lymphatic metastasis of lung carcinoma from Whole Slide Images (WSIs) through a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN).Material and methods: Lymph node slides of patients with lung cancer collected from July to December 2018 were reviewed and used for model development retrospectively. A total of 1701 lymph node slides from 453 lung cancer patients with different histological types were enrolled. Each slide could provide a different number of patches, in which 6, 8, 10, 20, and 30 positive patches and 12, 16, 20, 40, and 60 negative patches for training and validation, respectively. A total of 1577 WSIs were used. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the model was performed for estimating the performance and compared to the traditional deep learning approach Resnet34.Results: Deep learning methods, when trained with very few shots (6 positive/12 negative, 8 positive/16 negative, and 10 positive/20 negative patches), the traditional deep learning approach Resnet34 was outperformed by our Aitrox model. When the dataset was raised to 20 positive/40 negative patches, similar performance was achieved with AUC 0.5895 (95% CI, 0.5833-0.5910) for Resnet34 and 0.6124 (95% CI, 0.6077-0.6147) for our Aitrox model. Resnet34 over-performed our Aitrox model (AUC=0.6450 [95%CI, 0.6397-0.6470]) with an AUC of 0.7481 (95%CI, 0.7120-0.7485) when the training and validation dataset was raised to 30 positive/60 negative patches.Conclusions: This proposed few-shot method may address AI approaches to the diagnosis of lymphatic metastasis of lung carcinoma and other kinds of carcinoma in the future.
Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitor on Gastroesophageal Varices of Cirrhosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Xiaoning , Zhou Tao , Zhou Ting , Li Yueyue , Sun Xin , Cheng Baoquan , Zhong Ning , Lu Xuefeng , Gao Yanjing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for gastroesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis after endoscopic therapy remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PPI on gastroesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis after endoscopic therapy, including variceal bleeding and adverse events.MethodsBetween May 2017 and June 2019, cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices confirmed by endoscopy were considered for enrollment in this study. Eligible subjects were randomized into two groups: one group received PPI for 14 days and the other group did not undergo PPI treatment. Patients were followed up for 8 weeks.ResultsDuring the follow-up period, three patients (3/53, 5.66%) in the PPI group experienced variceal bleeding on day 9, 16, and 25 after endoscopic therapy, including one patient with primary prophylaxis and two with acute bleeding. In the non-PPI group, three patients (3/56, 5.66%) suffered from variceal bleeding on day 7, 42, and 56 after endoscopic therapy, including two patients with secondary prophylaxis and one with acute bleeding (P>0.99). The rate of adverse events was similar between the two groups (38% vs. 28%, P=0.30). Furthermore, the average hospitalization expense of patients in the PPI group was higher than that of patients in the non-PPI group ($2305 vs. $3096, P<0.001).ConclusionsPPI does not appear to reduce variceal bleeding and adverse events in patients with cirrhosis after endoscopic therapy.Trial registration: This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 03175731, 05/06/2017).
In Vitro Study of the Effect of HBV Infection on Early Embryonic Development
Authors: Ye Feng , Cui Zixin , Kong Ying , Shi Lei , Li Jianzhou , Zhang Xi , Yang Xueliang , Liu Xiaojing , Lin Shumei , Chen Yunru 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to clarify the infection state of early embryos by HBV and the effect of HBV infection on embryo development. Methods: In vitro culture was carried out on the fresh surplus embryos from infertile couples on the third day (D3) who received routine in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment. The embryo cells were infected in vitro by the serum of HBV infected patients with different viral loads. HBsAg quantity in the supernatant secreted by embryo and HBV mRNA in embryo cells were detected. The development of embryo cells after HBV infection was evaluated by embryo morphological parameter score and fragment score in embryo cells. Results: From May 2013 to July 2015, 238 cases of D3 fresh surplus embryos from 120 infertile couples and 128 samples of embryo culture supernatant were collected. The HBsAg positive rate in the supernatant of embryos in the high viral load infection group was significantly higher than that in the low viral load infection group (40.0% vs.15.6%, p<0.05). HBV mRNA was detected in 2 of 17 HBsAg positive embryos. The scores of embryos in the high load HBV culture solution group were higher than those in the low load group (p=0.04). There was one formed blastocyst in low load HBV culture group, but there was no blastocyst formation in all embryo cells of high load group (p<0.001).Conclusion: The results suggest that embryo cells can be directly infected by HBV in vitro. HBV infection affects the development of embryos.
Radiographer-led Discharge for Emergency Care Patients, Requiring Projection Radiography of Minor Musculoskeletal Injuries: a Scoping Review
Authors: Shepherd Jenny , Lourida Ilianna , Meertens Robert M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPressure on emergency departments (ED) from increased attendance for minor injuries has been recognised in the United Kingdom. Radiographer-led discharge (RLD) has potential for improving efficiency, through radiographers trained to discharge patients or refer them for treatment at the point of image assessment. This review aims to scope all RLD literature and identify research assessing the merits of RLD and requirements to enable implementation.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of studies relating to RLD of emergency care patients requiring projection radiography of minor musculoskeletal injuries. MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL, relevant radiography journals and grey literature were searched. Articles were reviewed and the full texts of selected studies were screened against eligibility criteria. The data were extracted, collated and a narrative synthesis completed. ResultsNine studies with varying study designs were included in the review. The small number of studies was possibly due to a generally low research uptake in radiography. The main outcome for five studies was reduced length of stay in ED, with recall and re-attendance to ED a primary outcome in one study and secondary outcome for three other studies. The potential for increased capacity for ED staff was recognised. Radiographers identified a concern regarding the risk of litigation and incentive of increased salary when considering RLD. The studies were broadly radiographer focussed, despite RLD spanning ED and Radiology.ConclusionThere were a low number of RLD active radiographers, likely to be motivated individuals. However, RLD has potential for generalisability with protocol variations evident, all producing similar positive outcomes. Understanding radiography and ED culture could clarify facilitators for RLD to be utilised more sustainably into the future. Cost effectiveness studies, action research within ED, and cluster randomised controlled trial with process evaluation are needed to fully understand the potential for RLD. The cost effectiveness of RLD may provide financial support for training radiographers and increasing their salary, with potential future benefit of reduction in workload within ED. RLD implementation would require an inter-professional approach achieved by understanding ED staff and patient perspectives and ensuring these views are central to RLD implementation.
Translation and Cross-cultural Adaptation of the Orbach &amp; Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale Among Patients With Depression in China
Authors: Cheng Yin , Chen Shuyan , Zhao Weiwei , Wang Tingting , Zhang Ge , Wang Zhaoqin , Zhang Yanhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale assessment will be useful in identifying psychological pain level and in evaluating suicide risk. Due to the lack of a psychometrically valid tool in China, this study aims to translate the Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale into Chinese and transculturally adapt the scale for the assessment of psychological pain of patients with depression.Methods Translators converted English version of the instrument into Chinese according to the Brislin translation model. A two-round Delphi survey with seven experts in psychiatry, psychology and psychiatric nursing established a consensus on the Chinese version of the Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale. Reconciled version was pretested in interviews with thirty depressed patients before finalization.Results The prefinal Chinese version of the Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale consisted of nine dimensions and 44 items. Effective recovery rates of two rounds of Delphi survey were both 100% and the authority coefficients were 0.871, 0.836, respectively. For the content validity, I-CVI, S-CVI/Ave in this study were 0.86-1, 0.97, respectively. During the translation, approximately 22.73% of all items were considered to be difficult to translate and 83.33% of all participants thought that these items were important. A total of thirty participants who were recruited from psychiatric department and medical psychological department of one tertiary psychiatric hospital in China took part in cognitive interviews. Most participants (n=26, 86.67%) reported that the items were easy understanding.Conclusion Chinese version of the Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale was translated and transculturally adapted for use in clinical setting. This is an available instrument to evaluate psychological pain level and it is highly meaningful to include the psychological pain instrument for suicide risk.