bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of text message delivered interventions for weight loss in developing countries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Alamnia Tilahun Tewabe , Tesfaye Wubshet , Kelly Matthew 
Published: September 2021

SummaryRecent advances in mobile technologies have provided an opportunity to disseminate health information on a variety of health conditions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that text messaging helps people to lose weight, but the effectiveness of interventions varies between studies. Thus, this review aimed to (1) identify RCTs that used text messages for overweight management, (2) identify components of the interventions, and (3) test their effectiveness. PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Scopus databases were searched to identify relevant studies. Quality scores for selected articles were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools for interventional studies. The effectiveness of the interventions was tested using random effect models. Twelve studies that met inclusion criteria were included in this review. Ten of the included studies reported that text message interventions had a significant effect on weight loss. The pooled mean difference in body mass index (BMI) change after the intervention was −0.43 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval, − 0.63 to – 0.23 kg/m2). Synthesis of the included studies provides evidence that (1) regular text messages; (2) interventions targeting weight monitoring, diet habit, and physical activity; and (3) the use of behavior change techniques led to significant weight loss.
Complexity and data mining in dental research: A network medicine perspective on interceptive orthodontics
Authors: Gili Tommaso , Di Carlo Gabriele , Capuani Silvia , Auconi Pietro , Caldarelli Guido , Polimeni Antonella 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProcedures and models of computerized data analysis are becoming researchers' and practitioners' thinking partners by transforming the reasoning underlying biomedicine. Complexity theory, Network analysis and Artificial Intelligence are already approaching this discipline, intending to provide support for patient's diagnosis, prognosis and treatments. At the same time, due to the sparsity, noisiness and time‐dependency of medical data, such procedures are raising many unprecedented problems related to the mismatch between the human mind's reasoning and the outputs of computational models. Thanks to these computational, non‐anthropocentric models, a patient's clinical situation can be elucidated in the orthodontic discipline, and the growth outcome can be approximated. However, to have confidence in these procedures, orthodontists should be warned of the related benefits and risks. Here we want to present how these innovative approaches can derive better patients' characterization, also offering a different point of view about patient's classification, prognosis and treatment.
The Effect of Weather Conditions on Fertilizer Applications: A Spatial Dynamic Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Billé Anna Gloria , Rogna Marco 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGiven the extreme dependence of agriculture on weather conditions, this paper analyses the effect of climatic variations on this economic sector, by considering both a huge data set and a flexible spatiotemporal model specification. In particular, we study the response of N-fertilizer application to abnormal weather conditions, while accounting for other relevant control variables. The data set consists of gridded data spanning over 21 years (1993–2013), while the methodological strategy makes use of a spatial dynamic panel data (SDPD) model that accounts for both space and time fixed effects, besides dealing with both space and time dependences. Time-invariant short- and long-term effects, as well as time-varying marginal effects are also properly defined, revealing interesting results on the impact of both GDP and weather conditions on fertilizer utilizations. The analysis considers four macroregions—Europe, South America, Southeast Asia and Africa—to allow for comparisons among different socio-economic societies. In addition to finding both spatial (in the form of knowledge spillover effects) and temporal dependences as well as a good support for the existence of an environmental Kuznets curve for fertilizer application, the paper shows peculiar responses of N-fertilization to deviations from normal weather conditions of moisture for each selected region, calling for ad hoc policy interventions.
Two-Sample Inference for High-Dimensional Markov Networks
Authors: Kim Byol , Liu Song , Kolar Mladen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMarkov networks are frequently used in sciences to represent conditional independence relationships underlying observed variables arising from a complex system. It is often of interest to understand how an underlying network differs between two conditions. In this paper, we develop methods for comparing a pair of high-dimensional Markov networks where we allow the number of observed variables to increase with the sample sizes. By taking the density ratio approach, we are able to learn the network difference directly and avoid estimating the individual graphs. Our methods are thus applicable even when the individual networks are dense as long as their difference is sparse. We prove finite-sample Gaussian approximation error bounds for the estimator we construct under significantly weaker assumptions than are typically required for model selection consistency. Furthermore, we propose bootstrap procedures for estimating quantiles of a max-type statistics based on our estimator, and show how they can be used to test the equality of two Markov networks or construct simultaneous confidence intervals. The performance of our methods is demonstrated through extensive simulations. The scientific usefulness is illustrated with an analysis of a new fMRI data set.
“As is” America: Subcontracting freedom
Authors: Baptist Najja K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the nature and uses of the Constitution as a social contract. America's original agreement with its Black citizens, under the three—fifths clause of the Constitution, is one of commodification. The Constitution constructs the Black body as expendable property in a subcontract. Police protect and serve in maintaining this status quo.MethodsThis research analyzes the literature on the social contract theory. This paper compares classical theorists such as Locke, Rawls, and Nozick with opposing literature from Rousseau, Mills, and Pateman. This comparison highlights what many consider “just” as a thinly veiled attempt to justify the legality of the state's actions. Also, there is a review of Graham v. Oconnor to determine how case law upholds the subjugation of Black bodies as part of the subcontract.ResultsMy research suggests that Black citizens are only entitled to the rights and privileges of a subcontract. This subcontract allows for the harassment, unequal treatment, and in some instances, the death of marginalized groups by police at any time.ConclusionFrom the extrajudicial killing of Amadou Diallo to that of Breonna Taylor, it is evident from the past two decades that Black lives are expendable; police officers continue to enforce the fugitive slave clause, which allows for punishment by death for the assumption of criminal behavior. My research helps illuminate the relationship between the Black experience and police encounters as a proxy of a subcontract within the Constitution. These events—the lawless actions of police officers, and a political and legal system that supports these actions—fuel recent waves of the BLM movement.
Rambutan genome revealed gene networks for spine formation and aril development
Authors: Zhang Wenping , Lin Jishan , Li Jianguo , Zheng Shaoquan , Zhang Xingtan , Chen Shuai , Ma Xiaokai , Dong Fei , Jia Haifeng , Xu Xiuming , Yang Ziqin , Ma Panpan , Deng Fang , Deng Ban , Huang Yongji , Li Zhanjie , Lv Xiaozhou , Ma Yaying , Liao Zhenyang , Lin Zhicong , Lin Jing , Zhang Shengcheng , Matsumoto Tracie , Xia Rui , Zhang Jisen , Ming Ray 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYRambutan is a popular tropical fruit known for its exotic appearance, has long flexible spines on shells, extraordinary aril growth, desirable nutrition, and a favorable taste. The genome of an elite rambutan cultivar Baoyan 7 was assembled into 328 Mb in 16 pseudo‐chromosomes. Comparative genomics analysis between rambutan and lychee revealed that rambutan chromosomes 8 and 12 are collinear with lychee chromosome 1, which resulted in a chromosome fission event in rambutan (n = 16) or a fusion event in lychee (n = 15) after their divergence from a common ancestor 15.7 million years ago. Root development genes played a crucial role in spine development, such as endoplasmic reticulum pathway genes, jasmonic acid response genes, vascular bundle development genes, and K+ transport genes. Aril development was regulated by D‐class genes (STK and SHP1), plant hormone and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes, and sugar metabolism genes. The lower rate of male sterility of hermaphroditic flowers appears to be regulated by MYB24. Population genomic analyses revealed genes in selective sweeps during domestication that are related to fruit morphology and environment stress response. These findings enhance our understanding of spine and aril development and provide genomic resources for rambutan improvement.
Improving oxidative stress resilience in plants
Authors: Kerchev Pavel I. , Van Breusegem Frank 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYOriginally conceived as harmful metabolic byproducts, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are now recognized as an integral part of numerous cellular programs. Thanks to their diverse physicochemical properties, compartmentalized production, and tight control exerted by the antioxidant machinery they activate signaling pathways that govern plant growth, development, and defense. Excessive ROS levels are often driven by adverse changes in environmental conditions, ultimately causing oxidative stress. The associated negative impact on cellular constituents have been a major focus of decade‐long research efforts to improve the oxidative stress resilience by boosting the antioxidant machinery in model and crop species. We highlight the role of enzymatic and non‐enzymatic antioxidants as integral factors of multiple signaling cascades beyond their mere function to prevent oxidative damage under adverse abiotic stress conditions.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Oscar William 
Published: September 2021

Reviewer AcknowledgementsInternational Journal of Contemporary Education (IJCE) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJCE publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 2 Ahmad Suradi, State Islamic Institute of Bengkulu, IndonesiaAurora Q. Pestano, University of San Jose Recoletos, PhilippinesAziz Moummou, Ministry of Education, MoroccoBožić-Lenard Dragana, University of Osijek Croatia, CroatiaBruna Gabriela Augusto Marçal Vieira, CEFET-MG, BrazilCarme Pinya, University of Balearic Islands, SpainEdward Bolden, Case Western Reserve University, USAFederica Cornali, University of Turin, ItalyGiuseppe Maugeri, University of Urbino, ItalyGraziano Serragiotto, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, ItalyIvan Lenard, Elementary School Ladimirevci, CroatiaSuriadi Samsuri, Institute of Islamic Religion Sultan Muhammad Syafiuddin Sambas, IndonesiaTeresa Pozo-Rico, University of Alicante, SpainVassiliki Pliogou, Metropolitan College of Thessaloniki, Greece William OscarEditorial AssistantInternational Journal of Contemporary Education------------------------------------------------------------Redfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USATel: 1-503-828-0536 ext. 509Fax: 1-503-828-0537E-mail 1: ijce@redfame.comE-mail 2: ijce@redfame.orgURL: http://ijce.redfame.com
Modeling and Analysis for the Transmission Characteristics of a Proposed Dual-Drive Hydrostatic Lead Screw System
Authors: Lu Jiajia , Feng Xianying , Su Zhe , Liu Yandong , Wang Dechen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel dual-drive hydrostatic lead screw system (DDHLS). The design enables a lower feed speed and a better transmission performance than the conventional hydrostatic lead screw (HLS). Considering the nut-misalignment, the lubricating mathematical model of the DDHLS is established based on the perturbation method and solved by the finite difference method. The influences of the nut-radial-displacement, the nut-tilt, and the dual-drivable design on the transmission performance of the DDHLS are researched. The results show the nut-misalignment can regularly reduce or increase the axial load capacity (ALC), the axial stiffness coefficient (ASC), and the axial damping coefficient (ADC). Significantly, the dual-drivable design can improve the axial load capacity and the axial stiffness coefficient while hardly affects the axial damping coefficient.
Assessing the optimal time interval between growth measurements using a combined data set of weights and heights from 5948 infants
Authors: Wright Charlotte Margaret , Haig Caroline , Harjunmaa Ulla , Sivakanthan Harshine , Cole Tim J 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundCurrent guidance on the optimum interval between measurements in infancy is not evidence based. We used routine data to explore how measurement error and short-term variation (‘noise’) might affect interpretation of infant weight and length gain (‘signal’) over different time intervals.MethodUsing a database of weights and lengths from 5948 infants aged 0–12 months, all pairs of measurements per child 2, 4 and 8 weeks apart were extracted. Separately, 20 babies aged 2–10 months were weighed on six occasions over 3 days to estimate the SD of the weight difference between adjacent measurements (=116 g). Values of 116 g and 0.5 cm for ‘noise’ were then used to model its impact on (a) the estimated velocity centile and (b) the chance of seeing no growth during the interval, in individuals.ResultsThe average gain in weight and length was much larger than the corresponding SD over 8-week and 4-week time intervals, but not over 2 weeks. Noise tended to make apparent velocity less extreme; after age 6 months, a 2-week velocity that appeared to be on to the ninth centile, would truly be on the second–third centile if measured with no noise. For 2-week intervals, there was a 16% risk of no apparent growth by age 10 months.ConclusionsGrowth in infancy is so rapid that the change in measurements 4–8 weeks apart is unlikely ever to be obscured by noise, but after age 6 months, measurements 2 weeks or less apart should be treated with caution when assessing growth faltering.
Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity from young adulthood to middle age and metabolic disease: a 30-year population-based cohort study
Authors: Nagata Jason M , Vittinghoff Eric , Pettee Gabriel Kelley , Garber Andrea K , Moran Andrew E , Rana Jamal S , Reis Jared P , Sidney Stephen , Bibbins-Domingo Kirsten 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesTo determine the association between moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) trajectories (course over age and time) through the adult life course and onset of metabolic disease (diabetes and dyslipidaemia).MethodsWe analysed prospective community-based cohort data of 5115 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study, who were black and white men and women aged 18–30 years at baseline (1985–1986) at four urban sites, collected through 30 years of follow-up. Individualised MVPA trajectories were developed for each participant using linear mixed models.ResultsLower estimated MVPA score at age 18 was associated with a 12% (95% CI 6% to 18%) higher odds of incident diabetes, a 4% (95% CI 1% to 7%) higher odds of incident low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and a 6% (95% CI 2% to 11%) higher odds of incident high triglycerides. Each additional annual 1-unit reduction in the MVPA score was associated with a 6% (95% CI 4% to 9%) higher annual odds of diabetes incidence and a 4% (95% CI 2% to 6%) higher annual odds of high triglyceride incidence. Analysing various MVPA trajectory groups, participants who were in the most active group at age 18 (over 300 min/week), but with sharp declines in midlife, had higher odds of high low-density lipoprotein and low HDL incidence, compared with those in the most active group at age 18 with subsequent gains.ConclusionGiven recent trends in declining MVPA across the life course and associated metabolic disease risk, young adulthood is an important time period for interventions to increase and begin the maintenance of MVPA.
Early versus differed arterial catheterisation in critically ill patients with acute circulatory failure: a multicentre, open-label, pragmatic, randomised, non-inferiority controlled trial: the EVERDAC protocol
Authors: Muller Grégoire , Kamel Toufik , Contou Damien , Ehrmann Stephan , Martin Maëlle , Quenot Jean-Pierre , Lacherade Jean-Claude , Boissier Florence , Monnier Alexandra , Vimeux Sylvie , Brunet Houdard Solène , Tavernier Elsa , Boulain Thierry 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionThe use of peripheral indwelling arterial catheter for haemodynamic monitoring is widespread in the intensive care unit and is recommended in patients with shock. However, there is no evidence that the arterial catheter could improve patient’s outcome, whereas the burden of morbidity generated is significant (pain, thrombosis, infections). We hypothesise that patients with shock may be managed without an arterial catheter.Methods and analysisThe EVERDAC study is an investigator-initiated, pragmatic, multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority clinical trial, comparing a less invasive intervention (ie, no arterial catheter insertion until felt absolutely needed, according to predefined safety criteria) or usual care (ie, systematic arterial catheter insertion in the early hours of shock). 1010 patients will be randomised with a 1:1 ratio in two groups according to the strategy. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality by 28 days after inclusion. A health economic analysis will be carried out.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Ethics Committee (Comité de Protection des Personnes Île de France V, registration number 61606 CAT 2, 19 july 2018) and patients will be included after informed consent. The results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03680963.
Development and testing of the shared decision-making attitudes scale among nurses in Taiwan: a cross-sectional scale development study
Authors: Hsu Hsiu-Chin , Lin Shu-Chuan , Lee Yu-Hsia , Wu Hon-Yen , Wang Pao-Yu , Li Jiun-Yi , Lin Mei-Hsiang 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveShared decision-making (SDM) enhances medical care, but an appropriate tool for evaluating nursing staff’s attitudes towards SDM in clinical practice is lacking. The objective of this study is to develop the Nursing Shared Decision-Making Attitude (NSDMA) scale and verify its psychometric properties.DesignInstrument design study.ParticipantsA sample of 451 nursing staff.InterventionThis study comprised two phases. In phase 1, qualitative research and expert content validity were adopted to develop the first draft of the scale. In phase 2, Taiwanese nursing staff were recruited through convenience sampling, and the sample was divided into a calibration sample and a validation sample. An objective structured clinical examination of SDM attitudes was administered to 100 nursing staff to determine the scale’s cut-off score.Main outcome measurementsExploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to obtain the underlying factors of the NSDMA scale; McDonald’s omega value was used to determine the reliability; known-group validity was used to test the construct validity; and the receiver operating characteristic curve was adopted to determine the scale’s cut-off score.ResultsIn total, two factors were identified from the instrument results, which were termed ‘empathic communication’ and ‘mastery learning’. The McDonald’s omega value of the overall scale was 0.92. Known-group validity testing was performed based on the staff’s participation in SDM courses and experience of SDM, and the results exhibited significant differences (t=5.49, p<0.001; t=2.43, p<0.05). Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve, the optimal cut-off for SDM attitudes was determined as 48.5 points.ConclusionsThe NSDMA scale enables the evaluation of SDM attitudes among clinical nursing staff and nursing managers; the results may serve as a reference for incorporation of SDM into nursing policy formulation.
Weaning from mechanical ventilation in people with neuromuscular disease: a systematic review
Authors: Bernardes Neto Saint Clair Gomes , Torres-Castro Rodrigo , Lima Íllia , Resqueti Vanessa R , Fregonezi Guilherme A F 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed in assessing the effects of different weaning protocols in people with neuromuscular disease (NMD) receiving invasive mechanical ventilation, identifying which protocol is the best and how different protocols can affect weaning outcome success, duration of weaning, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay and mortality.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesElectronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus) were searched from January 2009 to August 2020.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCT that evaluated patients with NMD (adults and children from 5 years old) in the weaning process managed with a protocol (pressure support ventilation; synchronised intermittent mandatory ventilation; continuous positive airway pressure; ‘T’ piece).Primary outcomeWeaning success.Secondary outcomesWeaning duration, ICU stay, hospital stay, ICU mortality, complications (pneumothorax, ventilation-associated pneumonia).Data extraction and synthesisTwo review authors assessed the titles and the abstracts for inclusion and reviewed the full texts independently.ResultsWe found no studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria.ConclusionsThe absence of studies about different weaning protocols for patients with NMD does not allow concluding the superiority of any specific weaning protocol for patients with NMD or determining the impact of different types of protocols on other outcomes. The result of this review encourages further studies.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019117393.