bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Physics Based Analytical Modeling of Asymmetric Elevated Source Tunnel FET (AES-TFET) for Better Tunnel Junction Device (TJD) Performance
Authors: DUTTA RITAM , Subash T.D. , Paitya Nitai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a two-dimensional analytical model for asymmetric elevated source tunnel field effect transistor (AES-TFET) has been developed to obtain better tunnel junction device performance. Device physics based analytical modelling is performed by solving 2-D Poisson’s equation. Surface potential distribution, electric field variation and band-to-band tunneling (B2B) rate have been investigated by this numerical modelling. In our proposed structure, the source has been elevated (varied 2 nm to 6 nm) to incorporate corner effect; which boosts the carrier transport via thin tunneling barrier, with controlled ambipolar conduction. This eventually produces better source-channel interface tunneling for a n-channel AES-TFET structure. 2-D numerical device simulator (SILVACO TCAD) has been used for simulation work. The simulated graphical representations have been finally validated by analytical modelling of AES-TFET.
The antihyperlipidemic drug Potassium Piperate impairs migration and tumorgenesis of breast cancer cells via upregulation of miR-31
Authors: Lu Junping , Tian Xiaoxia , Mailisu Mailisu , Morigen Morigen , Fan Lifei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Breast cancer is a leading malignant tumor which causes deaths among women, and metastasis is the primary cause for mortality in breast cancer. Due to the involvement of many regulatory molecules and signaling pathways, the occurrence and development process of metastasis needs to be further studied. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ubiquitously expressed small non-coding RNAs that have been shown to play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases, as well as constituting an attractive candidate to control metastasis. In this study, we tried to uncover the mechanism of GBK in impairing breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis.Methods We treated cancer cells with GBK or not, found its target miRNA by analyzed miRNA transcriptional changes and the miRNA target genes by performed with the QT-PCR and Western Blot. The proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo under combination treatment with GBK and DDP was measured by CCK-8 kit and the nude mice tumor formation experiment.Results We found tumor suppressor miR-31 was a main target of GBK. GBK treatment affected the epigenetic modification at CpG sites by downregulating DNA methyltransferases, thus the methylation levels at CpG of lncRNA LOC554202 decreased significantly, and in turn upregulating of both miR-31 and its host gene LOC554202 in breast cancer cells. We also observed significant inhibition of miR-31 target genes under GBK stimulation, including RhoA, WAVE3 and SATB2, which all closely related to cancer cell invasion, migration and proliferation. Furthermore, we revealed that combination treatment with GBK and DDP had synergistic and dose reduction potential in inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, especially in TNBC.Conclusion This study further analyzes the target and underlying mechanism of GBK in inhibiting breast cancer migration and invasion, and provides theoretical support for the development of GBK as an auxiliary drug for clinical treatment.
ATP oscillation caused by Gradual Entry of Substrates within Mitochondria
Authors: Hideshima Taketoshi , Nishimura Mikie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The gradual entry of the substrate into enzyme solution causes the oscillatory reaction. We proved this by using dialysis membrane as a means of gradual entry of substrates 7. It was considered that a suitable combination of permeation rate through membrane of the substrate and rate constants for catalytic reaction regulates the oscillation. It was suggested that such oscillatory reactions also should occur in actual living organisms. On the basis of this suggestion, we explored the oscillatory reaction within mitochondria, because many reactions in mitochondria also occur in the mediation of membrane. We found that the gradual entry of pyruvate together with ADP caused the oscillations of both NADH and ATP within mitochondria. Likewise, the gradual entry of NAD+ and malate together with ADP caused the oscillations of NADH and of ATP. At the same time, pH oscillation within mitochondria was also observed. Besides the experiment with mitochondria, we also investigated oscillations of NADH and the other intermediates using dialysis membrane both in the citric acid cycle and in the respiratory chain. Putting these together, we concluded that the oscillatory reactions caused by the gradual entry of pyruvate occur continuously both in the citric acid cycle and in the respiratory chain and is taken over finally by the reaction of ATP synthase in the oxidative phosphorylation, inducing the oscillation of ATP. Furthermore, it was found that oscillations occurred without going through the citric acid cycle when NAD+ and malate were used instead of pyruvate.
Pedestrian Avoidance Method of Autonomous Personal Mobility Vehicles Considering Passenger Comfort
Authors: Isono Yosuke , Yoshitake Hiroshi , Shino Motoki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
During the autonomous locomotion of personal mobility vehicles (PMVs) in pedestrian space, it is necessary to avoid collisions with pedestrians walking nearby. The avoidance paths of the PMVs are affected by the behavior of the pedestrians, which may also affect passenger comfort. In this study, a local path planning method considering passenger comfort is proposed to design comfortable pedestrian avoidance strategies during autonomous locomotion of PMVs in pedestrian space. First, pedestrian behaviors that affect passenger comfort are investigated by evaluating the comfort in pedestrian avoidance scenarios with different avoidance methods and pedestrian behavior. Next, requirements for a pedestrian avoidance method considering comfort are set based on the behaviors affecting passenger comfort. Finally, a novel path planning method satisfying the requirements is proposed. It is confirmed that the proposed method can generate comfortable paths in pedestrian space, and the validity of the proposed method is examined by a subject experiment.
Prevalence of Preconception Risk Factors Among Women From Tribal and Non-tribal Blocks in Nashik District, India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gothankar Jayashree , Doke Prakash Prabhakarrao , Chutke Amruta Paresh , Palkar Sonali Hemant , Patil Archana Vasantrao , Pore Prasad Dnyandeo , Bhuyan Khanindra Kumar , Karnataki Madhusudan Vamanrao , Deshpande Aniruddha Vinayakrao , Shrotri Aparna Nishikant , Narula Arvinder Pal Singh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Preconception phase in women though critical is comparatively ignored. The presence of risk factors affects well-being of the woman and her forthcoming progeny. The objectives of the study were to measure the prevalence of various risk factors among women and their comparison between blocks.Methods: This was a community based cross-sectional study in two tribal and two non-tribal blocks in Nasik district, Maharashtra, India. The study included women desiring conception within one year. Trained Accredited Social Health Activists collected information through house-to-house visits using a validated interview schedule. They recorded anthropometric measures of women in a standard manner. Results: The study enlisted 7,875 women desiring pregnancy soon. The mean age of women was 23.19 (+3.71) years and 16% of them were adolescents. Women's illiteracy was higher in tribal areas than non-tribal (p<0.001). About one-third of women did not have any risk factor and 41.21% of women had at least one risk factor. The commonest risk factor determined was no formal education (44.35%). Prevalence of selected risk factors was significantly higher among tribal women. The mean BMI of women was 19.73 (+3.51) and higher proportion (40.5%) of women from tribal areas were having BMI<18.5. Despite being high parity status (3+), about 7.7% of tribal and 3% of non-tribal women desired pregnancy. Tobacco and alcohol consumption were higher among tribal women. Majority of women consumed meals with family members or husband. Protein and calorie intake of about 1.4% women was less than 50% recommended consumption, however, most of them perceived to have abundant food.Conclusions: Health risks namely younger age, illiteracy, high parity, consumption of tobacco, low protein and calories intake were found to be prevalent and the risks were significantly more among tribal women. “Continuum of care” must include preconception care.
The Alterations of Endometrial and Myometrial Receptivity in Early Pregnant Gilts in Response to Estrus Induction With PMSG/hCG
Authors: Szymanska Magdalena , Blitek Agnieszka 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The hormonal control of ovulation has become a standard procedure in the swine industry. However, exogenous gonadotropins can be detrimental to reproductive function, affecting follicle development, corpus luteum formation, and embryo development and survival. Much less is known about uterine receptivity in gilts with induced estrus. Therefore, our objective was to determine the effect of estrus induction with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the expression of steroid, prostaglandin, cytokine, and oxytocin receptors, as well as nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NFKB1), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG), and gap junction protein alpha 1 (GJA1), in the endometrium and myometrium of early pregnant gilts. Twenty prepubertal gilts received 750 IU PMSG and 500 IU hCG 72 h later, while eighteen prepubertal gilts in the control group were observed daily for estrus behavior. All gilts were inseminated in their first estrus and slaughtered on days 10, 12, and 15 of pregnancy to collect uterine tissues for mRNA expression analyses using real-time PCR.Results: Estrus induction did not affect progesterone receptor expression in either uterine tissue. In the endometrium, greater mRNA expression of estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2), androgen receptor (AR), prostaglandin (PG) E2 receptors (PTGER2 and PTGER4), PGF2α receptor (PTGFR), interleukin 6 receptor (IL6R), tumor necrosis factor α receptors (TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B), and oxytocin receptor (OXTR) was detected in the control than in the PMSG/hCG-treated gilts (P < 0.05). In the myometrium, concentrations of AR, PTGER2, PTGFR, and NFKB1 transcripts were lower, while PGI2 receptor and PPARG transcripts were elevated in gilts with gonadotropin-induced estrus as compared with naturally ovulated gilts (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the administration of PMSG/hCG resulted in the greater expression of GJA1 mRNA in both the endometrium and myometrium of day 15 pregnant gilts (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Estrus induction with PMSG/hCG in prepubertal gilts may affect steroid, prostaglandin, cytokine, and oxytocin receptor expression in the endometrium and myometrium, thereby altering uterine receptivity to local or systemic factors. This may, in turn, contribute to disorders in embryo-maternal interactions and the process of implantation.
Effect of Surface Mechanical Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Impact Behavior of S355JR&nbsp;Steel
Authors: Bourebia mounira Bouali , Hamadache Hamid , Lakhdar Laouar , Kamila Djemili , Tarek Hazem , Ahlem Taleb 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Often, surface mechanical treatments (SMT) or heat (quenching, tempering) are used to improve the surface condition and mechanical characteristics such as impact resistance and tensile strength. Hence the objective of this experimental work, where ball burnishing (BB) as well as quenching and tempering were applied on S355 JR steel specimens in order to evaluate the surface hardness "Hv", the rupture strength "Rm", the energy absorbed "W" during the impact test and the work-hardened thickness "e" after the burnishing operation. Factorial designs were used for the tests organization and mathematical models were established for the prediction of "Hv", "Rm", "W" and "e" in function on treatment parameters considered: number of tool passes ( i) and the pressure force (Py). The results show that the surface hardness increases by 30.46%. The high levels of "Py" and "i" were allowed to improve "Rm" by 30.8% as well as an increase in tenacity of only 3.6%. Increasing the force to 20kgf promotes mixed rupture under the effect of impact to shock. The quenching and tempering improve the resistance "Rm" by 183% and 119% respectively, while the effect of burnishing was limited to a rate of increase of this property of 28% compared to machining.
LPCAT1 is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Tumor Microenvironment in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Zhao Tianyi , Zhang Yifang , Ma Xiaohong , Wei Lina , Hou Yixin , Sun Rui , Jiang Jie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the three malignant reproductive tumors threatening women’s life and health. Glycerophospholipids (GPLs) are important bioactive lipids involved in various physiological and pathological processes including cancer. Immune-infiltration of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is positively associated with the overall survival in EC. Exploring GPLs-related factors associated with TME in endometrial cancer can aid in the prognosis of patients and provide new therapy targets. Methods: Differentially expressed GPLs-related genes were identified from TCGA-UCEC datasets and Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to select GPLs-related genes with prognostic values. Random forest algorithm, LASSO algorithm and PPI network were used to identify critical genes. ESTIMATEScore was calculated to find out genes associated with TME. Then, differentiation analysis and survival analysis of LPCAT1 were performed based on TCGA datasets. GSE17025 and immunohistochemistry (IHC) verified the results of differentiation analysis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to explore the underlying mechanism. In addition, we used ssGSEA algorithm to explore the correlation between LPCAT1 and cancer immune infiltrates.Results: Twenty-three differentially expressed GPLs-related genes were identified and eleven prognostic genes were selected by Univariate Cox regression analysis. Four significant genes were found out by two different algorithms and PPI network. Only LPCAT1 was significantly correlated with tumor microenvironment. Then, we found that LPCAT1 was highly expressed in tumors samples compared with normal tissues, and lower survival rates was along with high expression groups of LPCAT1. Moreover, the expression of LPCAT1 was positively correlated with histologic grades and types. ROC curve indicated LPCAT1 had good accuracy of prognostic value. Receptor ligand activity, pattern specification process, regionalization, anterior/posterior pattern specification and salivary secretion pathways were enriched as potential targets of LPCAT1. By using ssGSEA algorithm, fifteen kinds of tumor infiltrating cells (TICs) were found correlated with LPCAT1 expression.Conclusion: These findings suggested that LPCAT1 was a valuable prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in endometrial cancer, which may provide novel therapy options and improved treatment of EC.
Establishment of dry chemistry based reference intervals of renal function test parameters for the adult population of Kaski District, Nepal
Authors: Kathayat Goma , Pokharel Daya Ram , Yadav Naval Kishor , Sigdel Manoj 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundReference intervals (RI) for clinical chemistry test parameters are specific to the method of measurement and population under service. However, there have been no locally available dry chemistry based RIs for the Nepalese population. Thus, the present study aimed to establish dry chemistry based RIs for sodium, potassium, urea, and creatinine specific to adult populations of Kaski districts, Nepal.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Kaski, Nepal on 360 healthy adult participants aged 18-65 years. The test parameters under study were analyzed using a fully automated OCD Vitros 350 dry chemistry analyzer following the protocols provided by the reagent kit manufacturer. The RIs were estimated using reference limits at 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. The normal distribution of the data was tested by Kolmogorov–Smirnov, and Shapiro–Wilk tests. The differences between males and females RIs were compared by the Mann-Whitney test while age-specific RI for each gender was compared by One-Way-ANOVA and Dunnett's Multiple Comparisons Tests. All the data were managed and analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS version 20.ResultsThe RIs of urea, creatinine, sodium and potassium specific to the adult population of Kaski district, Nepal are as follows: urea: 11.89-37.81 mg/dL (males: 13.09-38.40; females: 11.80-36.20); creatinine: 0.50-1.20 mg/dL (males: 0.55-1.20; females: 0.40-0.90); sodium 135-146 mEq/L (males: 135-146; females: 135-146) and potassium 3.60-5.10 mEq/L (males: 3.54-5.0; females: 3.60-5.10). These RIs were found to be different from currently used RIs provided by the reagent manufacturer. RIs of all the test parameters were significantly influenced by the age of the study participants. However, only the RIs of urea, creatinine, and potassium were significantly influenced by gender.Conclusions The present study has for the first time established dry chemistry based RI for selected renal function test parameters specific to the adult population of Kaski district, Nepal. This result will aid the clinician in minimizing the errors in result interpretation and making a precise clinical decision.
WITHDRAWN: CORM-2 can Attenuate Bleeding-mediated Inflammation by Increasing Phagocytic Capacity of Cerebral Microglial Cells in Neonatal Rat in Vitro
Authors: Chen Zhiying , Zhang Huiyan , Zhou Jun , Wu Xiaoqin , Wu Moxin , He Ling , Yin Xiaoping , Meng Ran 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore the mechanism of CORM-2 on attenuating bleeding-related inflammation. Methods: Microglia were isolated from the neonatal rats (1-2days old) and identified by the CD11b/c anti-body, and some microglia were co-cultured with RBCs marked with PKH26 fluorescent dye, and then treated with CORM-2. That is, the microglia cells were divided into the microglia, microglia+ PKH26+RBCs and microglia + PKH26+ RBCs+CORM-2 cell-groups. Microglial phagocytosis to RBCs PKH26+ was observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope; moreover, the fluorescence intensity of microglia that phagocytized PKH26+RBCs was detected through immunofluorescence. HO-1, NF-κB p65, and IL-1β expressions were detected using RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence, respectively. The levels of carbon monoxide hemoglobin (HbCO) in the cell supernatant in each group were detected with ELISA.Results. After 1- day of co-culturing, the number of residual PKH26+RBCs in the Microglia+ PKH26+RBCs+CORM-2 group decreased remarkably than that in the Microglia+ PKH26+RBCs groups (18 × 106 vs. 14 × 106, p=0.02), which revealed that microglia phagocytosis was stronger in CORM-2 treated group. More over, compared with microglia + PKH26+RBCs group, the microglia+ PKH26+RBCs +CORM-2 group showed higher levels of HO-1 mRNA and protein expressions at the 3rd day and the 5th day after co-culturing. Further more, CORM-2 significantly inhibited the expressions of mRNA and proteins of NF‐κB p65 and IL-1 after 3 days of co-culturing, meanwhile, CORM-2 did not increase the level of HbCO in the cell supernatant.Conclusions CORM-2 can inhibit inflammatory reactions in bleeding setting in vitro by promoting microglial phagocytosis to RBCs and decrease IL-1β and NF-κB; the mechanism may involve HO-1/CO system.
Effect of Some Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Some Fermented Dairy Products on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity of Albino Rats.
Authors: Bikheet Maha , Mahmoud Magda , Yassien Eman , Hassan Hanaa Mohamed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The current research was performed to evaluate the potential protective effect of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei, Pediococcus acidi-lactis and Lactoccus lactis ssp lactis, Sylimarin in the alleviation of health (hepatic and renal) complications caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Healthy sixty albino rats were divided into six groups, the first group was control (negative), the second group (control positive) was injected CCl4 (1 ml/kg, 1:1 v/v paraffin oil mixture, i.p. every third day for 8 weeks, The third group (CCl4 + silymarin group) receiving both CCl4 and daily silymarin therapy (50 mg/kg, oral), the fourth group: CCl4+ (Lactobacillus paracasei 1ml orally). The fifth group (CCl4+ Pediococcus acidilactis 1ml orally) and the six group (CCl4+ Lactococcus lactis (1ml orally) for eight weeks per day. Biochemical markers were tested for blood, liver and kidney tissue. Histopathological tests on liver and kidney tissues were performed. The findings obtained have shown that Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei, Pediococcus acidilactis and Lactoccus lactis ssp lactis improved the disrupted biochemical parameters caused by CCl4 therapy. Besides, the findings of the histopathological analysis are in consistent with biochemical parameters and the protective ability of lactic acid bacteria suggesting that the best lactic acid bacteria was Pediococcus acidilactis that helped strengthen liver fibrosis caused by CCl4 therapy, while the best bacterium for improving renal damage was Lactoccus lactis.
Natural populations of Galphimia spp. attenuates peripheral and central inflammation
Authors: Gesto-Borroto Reinier , Meneses Gabriela , Espinosa-Cerón Alejandro , Granados Guillermo , Cervantes-Torres Jacquelynne , Cardoso-Taketa Alexandre , Sciutto Edda , Villarreal Maria Luisa 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The genus Galphimia is widely distributed in Mexico, and is represented by 22 species, including medicinal species. The sedative and anti-inflammatory effects of galphimines produced by the species Galphimia glauca have been documented. Formerly, molecular studies using DNA barcodes demonstrated that nine populations botanically classified as Galphimia glauca belong to four different species of the genus Galphimia, and that only one exhibited the sedative properties; however, all the collected species showed anti-inflammatory activity. Other bioactive compounds like quercetin, galphins, galphimidins and glaucacetalins have been identified from methanolic extracts of plants botanically classified as Galphimia glauca. The aim of this work was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extracts of nine collected Galphimia spp. populations grown in Mexico. The possible modes of action were analyzed by evaluating the inhibition of LPS-induced inflammation processes both in vitro and in vivo. The nine populations were evaluated by an in vitro model using RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells, and two populations (a galphimine-producing and a non-galphimine-producing population) were selected for the in vivo experiments of systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation in mice. Results suggest that an anti-inflammatory in vitro effect was present in all the studied populations, evidenced by the inhibition of nitrite production. An inhibitory systemic inflammation in mice was exerted by the two analyzed populations. In the neuroinflammation model, the anti-inflammatory effect was demonstrated in methanolic extract of the non-galphimine-producing population. For the populations of Galphimia spp. studied herein, the anti-inflammatory effect could not be correlated to the presence of galphimines.