bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural Attenuation as a Decontamination Approach for SARS-CoV-2 on Library Materials
Authors: Fedotova Maria V. 
Published: June 2021

Based on the current scientific understanding regarding COVID-19, this article presents the results of new studies (Tests 4, 5, 6), conducted by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) and the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC), in partnership with Battelle. The purpose of the experiments is to determine how long frequently circulated library, museum and archival materials should be quarantined before being put back into public circulation.Each test has been conducted by applying the virulent SARS-CoV-2 virus on various materials held at standard room temperature and relative humidity conditions, and then examining the rate of natural attenuation of the virus. The items were not sterilized before testing. Battelle propagated the clinical isolate of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in-house, followed by characterization and testing to establish a certified titer. The materials in Test 4 included binding and cover items placed in a stacked configuration to imitate the common practice that libraries employ when handling book/DVD returns, as well as expanded polyethylene foam, which is typically used in museums for storage and shipping. Test 5 focused on textiles, while Test 6 included building materials (glass, marble, brass, laminate, and powder-coated steel). Test coupons cut from the materials were inoculated with active virus, and then allowed to dry. The test coupons were then examined at the following timepoints: on the second, third, fourth and sixth day (Test 4); on the second, fourth, sixth and eighth day (Tests 5 and 6). The results of the tests showed how much virus was detectable at the selected timepoints. In Test 4, the virus was still detected on all the five materials after six days. In Test 5, the virus was still detected on leather and synthetic leather publication after eight days. In Test 6, the virus was not detected on the tested materials after six days.This publication is provided for informational purposes only, and readers are encouraged to review federal, regional, and local guidance. The authors, sponsors and researchers are not liable for any damages resulting from use, misuse, or reliance upon this information, or any errors or omissions herein.
The Journal “Librarian” as a Source on the History of Librarianship in Siberia and the Far East of the Pre-Revolutionary Period
Authors: Timofeeva Yulija V. 
Published: June 2021

The study of the history of librarianship is an urgent task of modern historical and library research. Its solution is possible if a large number of historical sources are identified and analysed. One of them is the pre-revolutionary journal “Librarian”, which differs from other periodicals of that time by its high informative content on the topic. Due to the lack of comprehensive studies of the “Librarian” journal as a historical source, this article for the first time considers this pre-revolutionary professional periodical as a source for studying the history of librarianship in Siberia and the Far East of the pre-revolutionary period. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the informative potential of the “Librarian” journal, which is useful for the reconstruction of the history of librarianship in Siberia and the Far East.The methodological basis of the research is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency. The article uses the methods of source studies, comparative and content analysis.The obtained results show that the journal “Librarian” is an important source for studying the history of librarianship in the Siberian-Far Eastern region. It contains numerous interesting facts about the libraries of the region, their structure and functioning, allows us to identify the sources of their financing and quantitative indicators of work, trace their dynamics, replenish the regional bibliography of special literature and restore the names of benefactors, Siberians and Far Easterners — members of the Society of Library Science.This study fully reveals the informative potential of this periodical, expands the idea of periodicals as important historical sources for the study of the history of librarianship of the country as a whole and its various regions. It can be useful in conducting specific historical studies of librarianship of the country of the pre-revolutionary period.
GESTIÓN DEL TALENTO HUMANO PARA LA CALIDAD DE ATENCIÓN EN LOS SERVICIOS DE LA SALUD COVID-19
Authors: Guerrero Valladolid Ana Yudith , Callao Alarcón Marcelino 
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo de revisión recopila información relevante sobre un tema complejo y de prioridad en el sector salud, siendo parte del Objetivo de desarrollo sostenible Nª03 salud y bienestar; tuvo como objetivo describir la importancia de gestión del talento humano y calidad de atención en los servicios de salud COVID-19; se desarrolló búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos teniendo en cuenta las variables de estudio en español e inglés.

Metodología: utilizada fue la técnica del análisis documental de nivel descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental1, los resultados encontrados, por parte de los usuarios fueron la inadecuada calidad de atención recibida por falta de condiciones para la atención, y de personal de la salud, pues existe una alta brecha por cubrir, entre ellas falta de especialistas, accesibilidad, motivación, y gestión del talento humano dado por una deficiente capacidad de respuesta de los funcionarios, falta de probidad, liderazgo y excesos de tiempos de espera, finalmente se concluye que gran necesidad de ejecutar reformas de Gestión de recurso humano en salud para mejorar la tan ansiada calidad de atención
Kinematic Characteristics of Male Runners With a History of Recurrent Calf Muscle Strain Injury
Authors: Bramah Christopher , Preece Stephen J , Gill Niamh , Herrington Lee 
Published: June 2021

Background Calf muscle strain injuries are a common running injury affecting male runners and are known to have high reoccurrence rates. Currently, limited evidence exists investigating factors associated with this injury with no previous study investigating the running kinematics of male runners with a history of repeat calf muscle strain injuries. Purpose To investigate whether male runners with a history of repeat calf muscle strain injury demonstrate differences in stance phase running kinematics when compared to healthy controls. Study Design Case-control investigation Level of Evidence 3b Methods Stance phase kinematics were compared between 15 male runners with a history of calf muscle strain injury and 15 male control participants during treadmill running at 3.2m/s. Independent t-tests were used to compare differences in stance phase kinematic parameters between groups and effect sizes were calculated using Cohen’s d. Results The group with a history of calf muscle strain injury demonstrated a significant 2.1⁰ and 3.1⁰ increase in contralateral pelvic drop and anterior pelvic tilt during mid stance. In addition, this group exhibited longer stance times and a more anterior tilted pelvis, flexed hip and a greater distance between the heel and centre of mass at initial contact. Large effect sizes, greater than 0.8, were observed for all differences. No significant differences were observed for ankle and knee joint kinematics between the groups. Conclusion This is the first study to identify kinematic characteristics associated with recurrent calf muscle strain injury. While it is not possible to determine causality, the observed kinematic differences may contribute to recurrent nature of this injury. Specifically, it is possible that neuromuscular deficits of the hip and calf muscle complex may lead to increased strain on the calf complex. Rehabilitation interventions which focus on addressing pelvis and hip kinematics may reduce the demands placed upon the calf complex and could prove clinically effective.
Upper Extremity Superficial Vein Thromboses Presenting as Acute Neck Pain in a Young and Healthy Male: A Case Report
Authors: Zosel Kristen L , Dummar Max K , Adams Benjamin G , Henderson Nancy C , Westrick Richard B 
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose Neck pain in the United States is pervasive and contributes to disability. While the majority of neck pain in young and healthy individuals is neuromusculoskeletal in nature, screening for red flags is necessary for ruling-out serious medical pathologies. The purpose of this case report is to describe a young and healthy male subject with a primary complaint of acute neck pain with multiple underlying upper extremity superficial vein thromboses (UESVTs). Case Description The subject was a 27-year-old male active-duty Soldier referred to physical therapy by his primary care provider (PCP) for acute left-sided neck pain. Prior to physical therapy, the subject had been treated with cyclobenzaprine, oxycodone-acetaminophen, trigger point injection and had undergone a D-dimer to rule out a potential thrombus due to air travel and lower extremity immobilization. Outcomes The subject underwent a D-dimer, Doppler ultrasound, pharmacological treatment of Rivaroxaban, and was referred to hematology/oncology to rule out systemic causes of SVTs. Evidence of subtle increases in blood pressure over the course of three months, a positive D-dimer, and symptoms incongruent with clinical presentation contributed to referral to a hematology/oncology specialist and a diagnosis of multiple UESVTs. The subject was able to return to his previous level of activity by six months and remained free of SVTs at two-year follow-up. Discussion UESVT events are rare and can be challenging to identify. This case report describes a unique presentation of acute neck pain caused by underlying UESVTs in an otherwise healthy and active young male. Level of Evidence Level 4
The Test Re-Test Reliability of A Novel Single Leg Hop Test (T-Drill Hop Test)
Authors: Negrete Rodney , Simms Samantha , Gross Jacob , Nunes Rabello Lucas , Hixon Matt , Zeini Ibrahim M. , Jenkins Walter L. , Davies George J. 
Published: June 2021

Background Functional training and testing are an important part of a comprehensive rehabilitation program stressing the neuromuscular system in ways that simulate athletic performance to help determine criteria for return to sport. There are numerous single leg hop tests that have been used for these purposes, however, the validity and clinical relevance has been questioned. Many of the functional performance tests assess only the sagittal plane or forward direction and may only partially assess a person’s athletic abilities. There is a need for reliable and valid functional tests to assess in a multi-directional manner. Purpose/Hypothesis The purpose of this study is to determine the test re-test reliability of a novel multi-directional timed single leg hop test (T-Drill Hop Test) for use in rehabilitation and performance assessments. Study Design Cross-sectional reliability study. Methods Fifty healthy recreationally active college age subjects, (23 males and 27 females) between the ages of 18 and 35, (mean age 23.48 with SD 3.82) consented to perform the test. The subjects hopped along a 10ft. x 10ft. “T” shaped course. Subjects performed two timed maximum effort trials of the T-Drill Hop Test on each leg with an interval of 3-7 days between the two testing days. Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) were calculated to determine intersession reliability. Results The inter-rater reliability (ICC’s) for the entire group of 50 subjects ranged between .98 and 1.00 suggesting excellent reliability. The bilateral comparison, utilizing paired t-tests, of the T-Drill Hop Test demonstrated no significant differences between the time scores for the dominant and non-dominant legs for either males or females (p>.05). Conclusion This study demonstrates the T-Drill Hop Test has excellent test re-test reliability. These results are important prior to validation and utilization as a clinical functional performance test. Levels of Evidence Level 2
ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY STATUS USING METHOD OF WATER POLLUTION INDEX: A CASE STUDY ON THE DENDENG RIVER
Authors: Suwari  
Published: June 2021

The Dendeng River is vital for economic sustainability and viability for the community, industry and commerce around the flood plain of the river as well as raw water sources of the Kupang PDAM. However, increased domestic and industrial waste disposal along the river has caused severe pollution. One way to maintain the quality of the river is by continuously monitoring the pollutants and applying technology control as well as controlling strategy. The aim of the research mainly is to establish the water quality status of Dendeng River by water pollution Index method based on parameter physics and chemistry, i.e. pH, DO, COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, NH3-N, NO2-N, NO3-N, and PO4-P. The research was carried out based on field survey and sample examined in situ and in laboratory. The removal of water sample from Dendeng River conducted based on composite sampling as many as six point locations of Dendeng River as representative of upstream up to downstream zone. The quality status of Dendeng River is in good condition to lightly polluted with a pollution index value of 0.6 to 1.52. Value of the DO, BOD, COD, and phosphate content were higher than the allowable class 1 standard. The Water Quality Index value of Dendeng River was 86.67, which is included in the good water quality class.
Sosialisasi dan implementasi perangkat pembelajaran matematika dalam mendukung keterampilan abad 21
Authors: Sridana I Nyoman , Arjudin Arjudin , Amrullah Amrullah , Turmuzi Muhammad , Junaidi Junaidi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Lack of knowledge in a number of teachers who are not able to operate the concept of learning well, namely teachers only rely on learning methods and strategies on the handbook or documents that have been received. The impact of learners has difficulty in solving problems. By utilizing the results of research on the development of mathematical learning tools in the form of teaching materials, LKPD, and RPP based on 21st century skills that are feasible to be used can solve the problem. Therefore, it is necessary to socialize and implement the results of the research to the community, especially teachers in junior high schools. the outer target of this agility is the understanding for teachers of 21st century skill-based learning tools, particularly mathematics and other subjects.
Is single-stage resection and anastomosis for acute sigmoid volvulus, without intra operative colonic lavage a safe procedure?
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Aslam Viqar , Jan Waqas , Udin Zaheer 
Published: June 2021

Objective. This study was conducted to provide local data regarding the results and post-operative complications after single-stage resection and anastomosis for acute sigmoid volvulus, without intra operative colonic lavage. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional. Setting: DHQ Charsadda. Period: May 2017 to December 2019. Material & Methods: This clinical study was done on 50 patients who presented with the signs and symptoms of acute sigmoid volvulus excluding those with complications of the illness such as gangrene, perforation and peritonitis. Surgery for all patients was carried out under General anaesthesia. All the patients underwent emergency resection and primary anastomosis, without mechanical bowel preparation. Data were collected regarding post operation complication and analysis by using SPSS version 23. Chi square test was used to compare at level of significance <0.005. Results: Median age of patients was 50 years with male to female ratio 5:3. Seven patients presented with wound infection, one dehiscence while zero Anastomotic leakage and zero death postoperative recorded. Conclusion: Single stage resection and primary anastomosis without preoperative colonic lavage for acute sigmoid volvulus is a simpler and short procedure with low mortality and morbidity rates.
Studying Audio Capacity as Carrier of Secret Images in Steganographic System
Authors: Kadhim Ahlam Majead , Jawad Huda Muhamed 
Published: June 2021

Steganography art is a technique for hiding information where the unsuspicious cover signal carrying the secret information. Good steganography technique must be includes the important criterions robustness, security, imperceptibility and capacity. The improving each one of these criterions is affects on the others, because of these criterions are overlapped each other. In this work, a good high capacity audio steganography safely method has been proposed based on LSB random replacing of encrypted cover with encrypted message bits at random positions. The research also included a capacity studying for the audio file, speech or music, by safely manner to carrying secret images, so it is difficult for unauthorized persons to suspect presence of hidden image. Measures calculations of SNR, SNR segmental, SNR spectral, MSE and correlation show that, audio music cover file (2channales) is the safest uses as arrier with replace the 9 number of LSB without noticeable noise. Bits of secret message can be hiding capacity reach up to 28 % of the total music cover audio size and the three type's measures of SNR are 32, 28 and 31 dB. For speech cover audio the replacing LSB is safely uses at LSB bits number 6, where the hiding capacity is reach up to 37 % of size speech cover audio at 37, 36 and 39 dB for three type's measures of SNR. Correlation of cover samples was did not effected as a result of hiding secret image, where its value is up to 0.99 for all hiding operations.
Cost of illness of epilepsy per patient per year in a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi: A Prospective Observational study
Authors: Bhat Eijaz Ahmed , Dar Maqsood Ahmad , Sidiqui Peer Abdul Lateef , Jabeen Farukh 
Published: June 2021

Background: Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures that imposes heavy burden on individuals, families, and also on healthcare systems. As the better understanding of economic aspects of epilepsy will lead to better development of epilepsy care this study was conducted to estimate the cost of illness in epilepsy per patient per year in a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of study was to study the direct, indirect and total cost of illness in epilepsy per patient per year in a tertiary care hospital.
Materials and Methods: Patients with epilepsy attending the Department of Neurology at Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre in New Delhi were included in this study. All epilepsy patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. The cost of illness was estimated as total, direct and indirect costs of illness per year for each patient. The information was collected on a properly formed format which consists of the demographic details of the patient, general biodata of patient, information about the direct medical costs and direct non-medical costs and information about indirect costs. The results are presented in Mean ± SD frequencies and percentages. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the costs of illness among different strata. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the costs of illness between strata. The p-value<0.05 was considered significant. All the analysis was carried out on SPSS 16.0 version (Chicago, Inc., USA).
Results: A total of 70 patients were included in the study. The median age of patients was 28.50 years and the mean age was 33.36 years. The total indirect and direct cost of illness was Rs. 5265.30±6363.42 and Rs. 25249.38±14480.09 respectively. The total cost of illness was Rs. 26808.42±16108.05. The highest mean cost was for Carbamazepine (Rs. 14500.00), followed by Levetiracetam (Rs.13300.00) and rest by the other commonly used drugs.
Conclusion: We concluded that economic burden of epilepsy on the family and patients can be decreased by decreasing the hospitalization rates of patients, avoiding poly therapy as much as possible and rationalizing the investigations.
Study of depression, anxiety and stress among first year Medical students in Government Medical College, Himachal Pradesh during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rana Susheela , Taywade Onjal , Sharma Vanita , Hiwarkar Monali 
Published: June 2021

Background: During COVID 19 pandemic many countries implied nationwide lockdown which affected academic and educational activities of medical students. We evaluated the level of depression, anxiety and stress among first MBBS students of Government Medical College, Himachal Pradesh.
Aims and Objective: To estimate the level of depression, anxiety and stress among first MBBS students during COVID-19 pandemic and study its relationship with gender.
Materials and Methods: A standard questionnaire DASS 21 (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale) was administered to 110 first MBBS of Government Medical College, Himachal Pradesh. The responses were collected via Google form and scores evaluated.
Results: The overall score for depression was 10.44±5.1, 10.94±5 for anxiety and 12.29±5.3 for stress. About 58 % participants had depression, 74% had anxiety & 32 % had stress in various grades of severity. Depression, anxiety & stress was more among females as compared to males (p<0.05). There was strong correlation among the scores of Depression, Anxiety & Stress among the participants (r >0.8).
Conclusion: During this COVID-19 pandemic higher scores of depression, anxiety & stress were recorded among the first year MBBS students; females having more scores than male students. This study highlights the importance of and need for routine screening of depression, anxiety and stress among medical students.
Assessment of invasion of Ageratina adenophora in the plantation forest of Nepal
Authors: Malla R. , Aryal R. R. , Ranabhat S. 
Published: June 2021

Large-scale plantations of pine species were done in the bare hills of the Middle Mountain region of Nepal during the early 1980s. There is a growing concern on the sustainability of the planted pine forests in the country due to the presence of invasive alien plant species (IAPS). Invasive alien plant species are considered as one of the drivers of forest degradation and deforestation. Ageratina adenophora is one of the problematic IAPS found in the planted pine forests throughout the country. In this study, we employed different treatments to control the invasion of A. adenophora in the planted pine (Pinus patula) forest. The research design included four different treatments, viz., (i) control, (ii) stem felling, (iii) floor clearance, and (iv) stem felling cum floor clearance in one block (Block I), which was replicated in another block (Block II). The data were collected using circular sample plots with 2m radius. The ANOVA and TukeyHSD Tests were applied during the analysis process so as to determine the effects of treatments on invasion of A. adenophora. The "floor clearance treatment" was found to be significantly effective to reduce the presence of A. adenophora in the planted pine forest. On the contrary, the "opening of forest cover treatment" was found to be conducive to this invasive species to invade the area. The "stem felling cum floor clearance treatment" could be an effective strategy to control invasion of A. adenophora in planted forest, but as it demands a high cost, it is likely to be appropriate for small forest areas where promotion of regeneration is of high priority.