bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous dissociation process of truncated RNAs by oligomerized Vasa helicase
Authors: Kinoshita Yoshimi , Murakami Ryo , Muto Nao , Kubo Shintaroh , Iizuka Ryo , Uemura Sotaro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRNA helicases are enzymes that generally unwind double-stranded RNA using ATP hydrolysis energy, mainly involved in RNA metabolism, transcription, translation, and mRNA splicing. While the helicase core is crucial for RNA unwinding activity, N- and C-terminal extensions of specific helicases may contain an intrinsically disordered region for electrostatic interaction, resulting in the formation of droplets in the cytoplasm. However, how the disordered region of the RNA helicase contributes to RNA unwinding and dissociation remains unclear. Here, we focused on Bombyx mori Vasa, which unwinds truncated target transposon RNAs from the piRNA-induced silencing complex piRISC. In this study, we used single-molecule techniques to visualise how Vasa dynamically interacts with piRISC and investigate how Vasa oligomerization is involved in the process of piRNA amplification, named the ping-pong pathway. We found that Vasa’s oligomerization is required during these processes in vitro and in vivo, and that Vasa triggers the dissociation of truncated RNA in heterogeneous pathways. Our single-molecule results suggest that oligomerized Vasa guides the timing of the process regulating overall dissociation efficiency.
Synthesis of red/black phosphorus-based composite nanosheets with a Z-scheme heterostructure for high-performance cancer phototherapy
Authors: Kang Yong , Li Zhengjun , Lu Fengying , Su Zhiguo , Ji Xiaoyuan , Zhang Songping 
Published: December 2021

The cell membrane-coated heterojunction M-RP/BP@ZnFe2O4 NS could decompose water to produce O2 and H2O2 and oxidize glutathione to damage the tumor microenvironment. Meanwhile, the ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles could improve the production of ˙OH and ROS.
A Longitudinal Study of Language Use During Early Mother–Child Interactions in Spanish-Speaking Families Experiencing Low Income
Authors: Pace Amy , Rojas Raúl , Bakeman Roger , Adamson Lauren B. , Tamis-LeMonda Catherine S. , O'Brien Caughy Margaret , Owen Margaret Tresch , Suma Katharine 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
This longitudinal study assessed continuity and stability of productive language (vocabulary and grammar) and discourse features (turn-taking; asking and responding to questions) during mother–child play.

Method:

Parent–child language use in 119 Spanish-speaking, Mexican immigrant mothers and their children at two ages (
M
= 2.5 and 3.6 years) was evaluated from transcriptions of interactions.

Results:
Child productive language significantly increased over the year, whereas mothers showed commensurate increases in vocabulary diversity but very little change in grammatical complexity. Mother–child discourse was characterized by discontinuity: Mothers decreased their turn length and asked fewer questions while children increased on both measures. Rates of responding to questions remained high for both mothers and children even as children increased and mothers decreased over time. Mothers and children showed significant rank-order stability in productive language and measures of discourse. Mothers' rate of asking questions and children's responses to questions during the first interaction predicted children's receptive vocabulary a year later.

Conclusions:
As children become more sophisticated communicators, language input remains important, with discourse features growing in relevance. Children's early opportunities to respond to parents' questions in the context of play benefit their language skills. This work extends the evidence base from monolingual English-speaking families and is interpreted in the context of prior research on parenting practices in U.S. families of Mexican origin.
AC‐SDBSCAN: Toward concealed object detection of passive terahertz images
Authors: Liu Ya , Xu Fan , Pu Ziqi , Huang Xuyang , Chen Jun , Shao Shuning 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe passive terahertz (THz) detection on objects concealed under clothing is quite challenging due to the heavy noise interference. In this paper, an active‐contour‐based self‐adaptive DBSCAN (AC‐SDBSCAN) detection algorithm is proposed. The core of AC‐SDBSCAN algorithm lies in that the object contours are first extracted by AC method in a noise scenario and then the statistical features of the contours are used to motivate a SDBSCAN to complete clustering without initialization. Benefiting from the strong robustness of AC and DBSCAN to the noise, the concealed objects in the noisy THz images can be detected accurately. Extensive simulations are verified on four passive THz image datasets. The results indicate that the AC method in our solution can achieve over 87% accuracy for contour extraction of passive THz images, while the classical methods achieve less than 77%; in addition, the SDBSCAN can achieve over 90% clustering accuracy without manual initialization which is significantly superior to the conventional DBSCAN. Eventually, the proposed method completes the object detection of passive THz images with a maximum recall of 90.38% and a maximum precision of 94%.
An improved long‐horizon model predictive control for DFIG in WECS with variable sampling‐time
Authors: Younesi Aria , Tohidi Sajjad , Feyzi Mohammad R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an improved finite‐control‐set model predictive control (MPC) strategy for the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). The MPC‐based controller's main drawback is high computational burden, which requires a long time to perform online optimization. In this regard, real‐time implementation becomes impossible in some cases. Thereupon, this paper suggests a variable sampling time in the prediction process to achieve a balance between the prediction horizon and computational burden. In other words, compared to the conventional MPC‐based techniques, longer horizon is predicted with fewer samples. In this method, there are two sampling times including a fixed sampling time for the system discretization structure, and a variable sampling time used in the prediction process. The proposed technique also utilizes a comparative incremental algorithm to prevent checking all possible control inputs over the objective function in order to reduce the computational time further. In addition, a penalty term, which includes the number of switch changes, is added to the cost function to reduce the switching frequency. Both the simulation and experimental results show that the proposed MPC can significantly improve the DFIG control system's performance by increasing the accuracy of tracking response and reducing the computational time. The experimental test is carried out by the hardware in loop system by using TMS320F28338 and PC‐Lab card. The computational delay caused by the digital signal processor and other influential factors are compensated by using the prediction plus prediction approach. The results confirm that the proposed controller has a lower overshoot and power ripple compared to the vector controller and direct torque controller. It also reduces the computational time up to 40% and reduces the average switching frequency by 12% in comparison to the conventional MPC.
Spontanes Auftreten einer Prurigo pigmentosa
Authors: Koch J. , Pfeiff B. , Scholl F. , Dill D. 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Prurigo pigmentosa (Nagashimaʼs disease) ist eine seltene entzündliche Dermatose unklarer Genese. Sie ist klinisch gekennzeichnet durch pruritische, stammbetonte, zumeist symmetrische, rezidivierende Effloreszenzen, gefolgt von netzartigen Hyperpigmentierungen.Das 1971 erstmals in Japan beschriebene Krankheitsbild wurde mittlerweile bei Männern und Frauen aller Altersgruppen und Ethnien beobachtet, jedoch tritt es bevorzugt bei asiatischen jungen Frauen im gebärfähigen Alter auf. Häufig ist es mit diätetisch oder diabetisch bedingten ketotischen Zuständen assoziiert, daher auch im englischsprachigen Raum die Krankheitsbezeichnung „keto-rash“. Weiterhin wurden Assoziationen mit fettreduzierter Diät, Atopie, Schwangerschaft, Still-Syndrom, Sjögren-Syndrom und Helicobacter pylori beobachtet.Begünstigende Faktoren können mechanische Irritation, Hitze, Sonnenexposition sowie vermehrtes Schwitzen sein. Topische Glukokortikoide zeigen typischerweise keine oder nur geringe Wirkung. Als Therapie der Wahl haben sich Tetrazykline wie Mino- oder Doxycyclin bewährt. Hyperpigmentierungen können auch nach erfolgreicher Therapie persistieren. Rezidive treten potenziell Monate bis Jahre nach Erstmanifestation auf.Wir berichten über eine junge, mitteleuropäische Patientin ohne bekannte Vorerkrankungen, bei der anhand von Anamnese, Klinik und Histologie die Diagnose einer Prurigo pigmentosa gestellt werden konnte.
Therapiestrategien der Psoriasisarthritis
Authors: Köhm Michaela , Burkhardt Harald , Behrens Frank 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Bestehende Therapieempfehlungen und deren Limitationen In den letzten Jahren haben sich die Basistherapieoptionen für die Behandlung der Psoriasisarthritis deutlich erweitert. Das Sicherheitsprofil der verfügbaren Therapien ist gut untersucht und für die verschiedenen Präparate bekannt. Verschiedene Empfehlungen zur Auswahl und Steuerung der geeigneten Therapie stehen dem Behandler zur Verfügung. Hierbei finden die Empfehlungen der European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) und der Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) national und international in der Routine Anwendung.
Zugelassene Therapieoptionen zur Behandlung der Psoriasisarthritis csDMARD-Therapien haben im Vergleich zur RA in der PsA-Behandlung eine schlechte Evidenzlage. Für neue Substanzen in den Kategorien tsDMARD und bDMARD liegen höhere Evidenzniveaus vor. Da neue Therapien unterschiedliche Zielstrukturen adressieren, bieten sich zunehmend Chancen der personalisierten und individualisierten Therapieentscheidung. Gerade neue pathophysiologische Erkenntnisse zum Erkrankungsbild und die daraus resultierenden Therapieoptionen, die gezielt spezifische Targets adressieren, bieten Möglichkeiten einer immer differenzierteren und individualisierten medikamentösen Behandlung zur Verbesserung der Versorgung der PsA-Patienten, v. a. mit Fokus auf personalisierte Strategien zur optimalen Behandlung verschiedener Manifestationsformen und -muster.
Randomisierte kontrollierte Studien und deren Relevanz für den Versorgungsalltag Studienendpunkte randomisierter kontrollierter Studien, deren Studiendesign oft aus der rheumatoiden Arthritis entliehen ist, dienen auch aufgrund der großen Heterogenität der Erkrankung kaum als Basis für individuelle Therapieentscheidungen. Ein mehrschrittiges Vorgehen bei der Auswahl eines individualisierten Behandlungsregimes ist wichtig unter Berücksichtigung der klinischen Manifestation, potenzieller Begleiterkrankungen, von Langzeitsicherheitsaspekten, Kontraindikationen, Applikationsformen und nicht zuletzt des Patientenwunschs.
Incidence of Primary Aldosteronism in Patients with Hypokalemia
(IPAHK+): Study Design and Baseline
Characteristics
Authors: Gruber Sven , Stasi Evangelia , Steiner Regula , Reincke Martin , Bornstein Stefan , Beuschlein Felix 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHypokalemia plays a central role for case finding, course, treatment decision,
and prognosis of patients with primary aldosteronism. However, to date there is
a lack of high-level evidence about the incidence of primary aldosteronism in
hypokalemic patients. The IPAHK+study is an epidemiological,
cross-sectional, monocentric study to provide evidence on the incidence of PA in
a hypokalemic population. The aim of the current analysis was to describe the
baseline characteristics of the first 100 patients eligible for study inclusion.
The recruitment of patients with hypokalemia (≤3 mmol/l) is
carried out continuously on a referral-basis by the central laboratory of the
University Hospital Zurich through an automated suitability testing and data
delivery system. The careful evaluation of the first 100 reported patients was
based on the available reporting system. Out of 28 140 screened patients, 222
(0.79%) were identified with a serum potassium value
of≤3 mmol/l (mean 2.89±0.02 mmol/l). Mean
potassium levels were slightly lower in non-hypertensive subjects compared to
hypertensive subjects (mean difference 0.07 mmol/l, p=0.033),
while no significant difference was found between the sexes and patients with
and without the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism, atrial fibrillation, or the
use of diuretics. The incidence of PA was 4% in the total population
studied and 7.5% in the subgroup of hypertensive patients. In
conclusion, the continuous enrollment of patients from the
IPHAK+hypokalemia registry into the
IPAHK+trial will provide evidence about the actual
incidence of primary aldosteronism in a hypokalemic outpatient population.
The N-terminal cysteine is a dual sensor of oxygen and oxidative stress
Authors: Heo Ah Jung , Kim Su Bin , Ji Chang Hoon , Han Dohyun , Lee Su Jin , Lee Su Hyun , Lee Min Ju , Lee Ji Su , Ciechanover Aaron , Kim Bo Yeon , Kwon Yong Tae 
Published: December 2021

SignificanceCellular homeostasis requires the sensing of and adaptation to dynamically changing levels of oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we show that the Cys-branch of the Arg/N-degron pathway represents a cellular sensor for acute and chronic hypoxia, as well as oxidative stress. When the environment oscillates between normoxia and acute hypoxia, the enzymatic oxidation of the N-terminal cysteine (Nt-Cys) residues adjusts the levels of signaling molecules via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. However, if hypoxia becomes chronic, the Nt-Cys is chemically oxidized by consequent ROS to generate an N-degron that redirects the proteolytic flux of cognate substrates to the autophagy-lysosome system through reprograming of the ubiquitin code. These results provide critical insight into a first-line sensor and defense against oxidative stress.
Molecular mechanism of glycolytic flux control intrinsic to human phosphoglycerate kinase
Authors: Yagi Hiromasa , Kasai Takuma , Rioual Elisa , Ikeya Teppei , Kigawa Takanori 
Published: December 2021

SignificanceControl of glycolytic flux plays an important role in energy production and metabolic homeostasis in cells. Phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), a glycolytic enzyme, catalyzes reversible phosphotransfer to generate 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG) and adenosine triophosphate (ATP) in glycolysis. PGK controls glycolytic flux according to the intracellular [ATP]/[ADP] (adenosine diphosphate) ratio; however, its molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, we report a protein-level regulation of the human PGK reaction by switching ligand-binding cooperativities between adenine nucleotides and 3PG, which is finely tuned to appropriately respond to changes in the intracellular [ATP]/[ADP] ratio. Our findings reveal a molecular mechanism intrinsic to human PGK that controls glycolytic flux by rapid adaptation to changes in the intracellular environment to avoid critical damage.
Vectorial variational problems in L
∞ constrained by the Navier–Stokes equations*
Authors: Clark Ed , Katzourakis Nikos , Muha Boris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We study a minimisation problem in L

p
and L
∞ for certain cost functionals, where the class of admissible mappings is constrained by the Navier–Stokes equations. Problems of this type are motivated by variational data assimilation for atmospheric flows arising in weather forecasting. Herein we establish the existence of PDE-constrained minimisers for all p, and also that L

p
minimisers converge to L
∞ minimisers as p → ∞. We further show that L

p
minimisers solve an Euler–Lagrange system. Finally, all special L
∞ minimisers constructed via approximation by L

p
minimisers are shown to solve a divergence PDE system involving measure coefficients, which is a divergence-form counterpart of the corresponding non-divergence Aronsson–Euler system.
Application of Random Forest Regressions on Stellar Parameters of A-type Stars and Feature Extraction*
Authors: Chen Shu-Xin , Sun Wei-Min , He Ying 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Measuring the stellar parameters of A-type stars is more difficult than FGK stars because of the sparse features in their spectra and the degeneracy between effective temperature (T
eff) and gravity (log g). Modeling the relationship between fundamental stellar parameters and features through machine learning is possible because we can employ the advantage of big data rather than sparse known features. As soon as the model is successfully trained, it can be an efficient approach for predicting T
eff and log g for A-type stars especially when there is large uncertainty in the continuum caused by flux calibration or extinction. In this paper, A-type stars are selected from LAMOST DR7 with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 50 and the T
eff ranging within 7000 to 10,000 K. We perform the Random Forest (RF) algorithm, one of the most widely used machine learning algorithms to establish the regression relationship between the flux of all wavelengths and their corresponding stellar parameters (T
eff) and (log g) respectively. The trained RF model not only can regress the stellar parameters but also can obtain the rank of the wavelength based on their sensibility to parameters. According to the rankings, we define line indices by merging adjacent wavelengths. The objectively defined line indices in this work are amendments to Lick indices including some weak lines. We use the Support Vector Regression algorithm based on our new defined line indices to measure the temperature and gravity and use some common stars from Simbad to evaluate our result. In addition, the Gaia Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is used for checking the accuracy of T
eff and log g.
Mining sector in the economic structure of South Kalimantan Province: direct and indirect impacts
Authors: Putri K S , Riswan  , Rahman I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Supporting sectors for sustainable economic development in a region can have a direct impact on GRDP and indirectly have an impact through strong backward and forward linkage to other economic sectors. Analysis of backward and forward linkages can be performed using input-output tables that describe the role of each sector in the regional economy. The abundance of coal resources in South Kalimantan Province makes the mining sector the largest contributor to GRDP. Coal is an export commodity that has a very large percentage of the total regional export value. The enormous impact on GRDP, both in terms of business fields and final demand, is not accompanied by strong linkages to other economic sectors. The existence of the mining sector is unable to stimulate production growth in the backward sector and is unable to fulfill the final demand of the forward sector. Restrictions on coal exports to fulfill domestic energy resource needs are able to make the mining sector of South Kalimantan Province a key sector to support sustainable regional economic development.
Antibacterial Activity of Sea Cucumber (Stichopus ocellatus) Against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli Bacteria
Authors: Sukmiwati M , Ilza M , Diharmi A , Sherrin S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sea cucumber (Stichopus ocellatus) is one of the bioresources that has not been utilized optimally. Samples were collected in the coastal sea of Lengkang Island, Batam. This study was aimed to determine the bioactive compound and antibacterial activity of sea cucumber extract against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. The research method used was an experiment with a series of experiments, namely the extraction of sea cucumbers with ethanol as a solvent. Parameter analysis were identification of bioactive compound (phytochemical) and antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli using well diffusion method. The treatment for the antibacterial activity test used various extract concentrations consisting of 125, 250, 375, and 500 g/mL with three replications. The results of the identification of the bioactive compounds of sea cucumber extract showed that the ethanolic extract of sea cucumbers contained saponins, alkaloids, and phenolics. The analysis of the antibacterial activity of the sea cucumber extract showed that the diameter of the inhibition zone of the ethanol extract at a solvent ratio of 1: 5 (w/v) and at a concentration of 500µ/mL against B. cereus was 14.66 ± 0.37mm and E. coli was 15.45. ±0.17mm. The results showed that the highest antibacterial activity of sea cucumber extract against E. coli bacteria.
Assessment of Corbicula moltkiana Growth by Different Methods on Variation of Substrates in Lake Maninjau, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Ibrahim A , Lukman  , Dina R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Corbicula moltkiana is a mussel species in Lake Maninjau and one of the targeted fisheries resources in the lake. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of a controlled growth experiment of mollusk biota in describing their natural growth. The assessment was carried out in areas with different habitats in shore lake, namely sand and gravel-stone substrates. A consecutive 12 month- sampling was carried out from June 2013 to May 2104 using a Surber sampler at a 1-3 m depth were used to assess the wild population growth. Moreover, the growth of the controlled population was observed by rearing various sizes of mussels in artificial substrate namely three small baskets which installed in the shore area with 1-3 m depth at each station for four months. Monthly sampling was carried out to measure the shell length. The growth of C. moltkiana on wild population by VBGF methods show that at the gravel-stone substrate was higher, but the growth a controlled population in artificial substrate seemed in the sand substrate was higher than that in the gravel-stone substrate. The growth of aquatic biota in a controlled system (especially C. moltkiana) does not always reflect similar conditions to their wild growth.
Carapace Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factors of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in The Rivers of Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Fauzi M , Prianto E , Mardalisa M , Hendrizal A , Hermawita A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Riau Province are almost found in all inland waters, especially in the big rivers, namely Indragiri, Kampar, Siak and Rokan. This species are still the main catch of fishermen even the catch has decreased. Deforestation along the watershed, decreasing water quality and habitat have a very bad impact on Macrobrachium rosenbergii. This study was conducted to determine the relationship of carapace length-weight and the condition factor of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the rivers of Riau Province. The study used a survey method from May to June 2021. Data collection was carried out in the rivers of Riau Province at the center for giant prawns. Sampling was done randomly from the catches of fishermen. The biological parameters measured were carapace length and weight. The results showed that the relationship between carapace length and weight of giant prawns in the Siak River, Rokan River and Kampar River are 0.0008L2.8473, 0.0049L2.3906 and w = 0.0014L2.643, respectively. The length of the carapace can determine the weight of prawns up to 78.62-96.62%, where the relationship between carapace length and weight is very close. The growth pattern of giant prawns is allometric and the condition factor is 1.03-1.05.