bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unhealthy, Unwealthy and Left Behind – Workforce Participation and Inequality Among Older Australians
Authors: Dinh Huong , Strazdins Lyndall , Doan Tinh , Do Thuy , Yazidjoglou Amelia , Banwell Cathy 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAustralians born in 2012 can expect to live about 33 years longer than those born 100 years earlier. However, only seven of these additional years are spent in the workforce. Longer life expectancy has driven policies to extend working life and increase retirement age, the current Australian policy, which has increased the eligibility for the pension from 65 to 67 by 2023, assumes that an improvement in longevity corresponds with an improvement in health expectancy. However, there is mixed evidence of health trends in Australia over the past two decades. Although some health outcomes are improving among older age groups, many are either stable or deteriorating. This raises the question of how health trends intersect with policy for older Australians aged from 50-70. This paper considers the interplay between older workers’ health and workforce participation rates over the past 15 years when extended workforce participation has been actively encouraged. MethodsWe compared health and economic outcomes of the older people in following years with the base year (start of the study period), adjusting for some key socio-economic characteristics such as age, sex, ethnicity, education and equivalized household income by applying the Random effects estimator with maximum likelihood estimation technique.Results We find that regardless of increasing longevity, the health of older adults aged between 50-70 has slightly deteriorated. In addition, health gaps between those who were working into their older age and those who were not have widened over the 15-year period. Finally, we find that widening health gaps linked to workforce participation are also accompanied by rising economic inequality in incomes, financial assets and superannuation. With the exception of a small group of healthy and very wealthy retirees, the majority of the older Australians who were not working had low incomes, assets, superannuation, and poor health.ConclusionsThe widening economic and health gap within older population over time indicates a clear and urgent need to add policy actions on income and health, to those that seek to increase workforce participation among older adults.
Frequency of Candida Spp. On the Anterior and Posterior Surfaces of Tongue Among Healthy Denture and Non-denture Wearers
Authors: Owlia Fatemeh , Hekmatimoghaddam Seyedhossein , kheirollahi faraz 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: oral Candidiasis is the most common opportunistic infection that could affect the oral mucosa. Studies to date did not compare the colony count of candida of the anterior and posterior surfaces of the tongue. Objectives: hence, this study was aimed to compare the Candida spp. on the anterior and posterior surfaces of tongue among healthy denture and non-denture wearers.Methods: in current cross-sectional study, oral specimens were collected from anterior and posterior tongue dorsa by swabbing for mycological examination. Samples were collected from 26 healthy denture wearers (DW) and 10 non-denture wearers (NDW). All samples were cultured on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (S) and chloramphenicol (SC) and chloramphenicol and cycloheximide (SCC) mediums. Isolated colonies were counted. Germ Tube test was performed to determine the albicans species. Data was collected and entered in SPSS software version 17. Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon nonparametric tests were used for statistical comparison of data due to non-compliance with normal distribution.Results: the higher density of isolated colonies were seen in denture wearer group comparing to others (P Value = 0.031). There was a significant difference between candida colonization of anterior and posterior of tongue (P Value = 0.006). C. Albicans was the most common isolated candida species.Conclusion: mycological findings of this study revealed that presence of denture can increase colonization of candida on the posterior surface of the tongue. It could be an important guide in choosing the best form for medicine management of oral candidiasis.
Prevalence and Correlates of Depression and Anxiety in Quarantined Population During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Central Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Mebratu abraha , Ayano Getinet , Bayissa Dereje , Getachew Abraham , Bekele Mahteme , Getnet Melsew , Seyum Melaku , Molla Atkure , Demelash Sileshi , Taddesse Gizachew , Shimels Tariku 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Since the declaration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as a pandemic, different countries across the globe have been using quarantine to decrease the transmission of the disease and subsequently to minimize morbidity and associated mortality. Evidence suggests that quarantine might have a wide-ranging, substantial, and long-lasting negative psychological impact especially when the necessary preventive measures are not taken. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no prior studies that determined the prevalence and correlate of depression and anxiety in quarantined populations during the COVID-19 outbreak in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based cross-section study was conducted among individuals under quarantine from June 5 to July 5, 2020. After obtaining verbal consent, data was collected face to face using the structured and self-administered hospital anxiety and depression scale instrument. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess depression and anxiety. Binary logistic regression analysis (multivariate analysis) was used to identify the potential determinants of depression and anxiety.Result: A total of 297 participants were included in the study which makes the response rate 90.8%. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and co-morbid anxiety and depression were 21.5%, 70.7%, and 15.8% respectively. In our multivariable analyses, stressful life events (AOR 2.61, 95%CI (1.46, 4.67)), spent time on sleeping (AOR 1.97, 95% CI (1.08, 3.62)), and believing that COVID-19 could be prevented by wearing a glove (AOR 0.30, 95% CI (0.11, 0.81)) showed a statistically significant association with anxiety, whereas being married (AOR 2.67, 95% CI (1.37, 5.22)), had stressful life event in the last six months (AOR 1.44, 95% CI (1.44, 5.25)) and spending of time by sleeping during the quarantine (AOR 1.97, 95% CI (1.42, 6.19)) predicted depression.Conclusion: The current study result indicated that a considerable proportion of individuals who were under quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic have experienced psychological disturbances, such as anxiety and depression. The presence of stressful life events, time spent on sleeping, and believing that COVID-19 could be prevented by wearing masks were found to be significant predictors of depression or anxiety among the participants. The results suggest that attention needs to be given to mitigate mental health problems in the quarantined population during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Predictors of Unacceptable Pain With and Without Low Inflammation Over 5 Years in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis - an Inception Cohort Study
Authors: Eberhard Anna , Bergman Stefan , Mandl Thomas , Olofsson Tor , Rydholm Maria , Jacobsson Lennart , Turesson Carl 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Pain is a major symptom in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In early RA, pain is usually due to synovitis, but can also persist despite effective anti-inflammatory treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate the pain course over time, and predictors of unacceptable pain and unacceptable pain with low inflammation, in patients with early RA.Methods: An inception cohort of 232 patients with early RA, recruited in 1995-2005, was followed in a structured program for 5 years. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS; 0-100). Unacceptable pain was defined as VAS pain>40 based on the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS), and low inflammation as CRP<10 mg/l. Baseline predictors of unacceptable pain were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: Pain improved significantly during the first 6 months, but then remained basically unchanged. Thirty-four percent of the patients had unacceptable pain 5 years after inclusion. Baseline predictors of unacceptable pain after 5 years were lower swollen joint counts [Odds ratio (OR) 0.71 per standard deviation (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51–0.99)], and higher VAS for pain and global assessment of disease activity. Unacceptable pain with low inflammation after 5 years was negatively associated with anti-CCP antibodies [OR 0.50 (95% CI 0.22–0.98)].Conclusion: Over one third of the patients had unacceptable pain 5 years after inclusion. Extensive synovitis was associated with reduced risk of unacceptable pain at 5 years, likely due to positive effects of treatment on pain related to inflammation. Non-inflammatory long-lasting pain appears to be a greater problem in anti-CCP negative patients.
Five New Species of Moelleriella With Aschersonia-like Anamorphs Infecting Scale Insects (Coccidae) in Thailand
Authors: Khonsanit Artit , Noisripoom Wasana , Mongkolsamrit Suchada , Phosrithong Natnapha , Luangsa-ard Janet Jennifer 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The genus Moelleriella and its aschersonia-like anamorph mostly occur on scale insects and whiteflies. It is characterized by producing brightly colored stromata, obpyriform to subglobose perithecia, cylindrical asci, disarticulating ascospores inside the ascus and fusiform conidia, predominantly found in tropical and occasionally subtropical regions. From our surveys and collections of entomopathogenic fungi, scale insects and whiteflies pathogens were found. Investigations of morphological characters and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses based on partial sequences of LSU, TEF and RPB1 were made. Five new species of Moelleriella and their aschersonia-like anamorphs are described here, including M. chiangmaiensis, M. flava, M. kanchanaburiensis, M. nanensis and M. nivea. They were found on scale insects, mostly with flat to thin, umbonate, whitish stromata. Their anamorphic and telemorphic states were mostly found on the same stroma, possessing obpyriform perithecia, cylindrical asci with disarticulating ascospores. Their conidiomata are widely open with several locules per stroma, containing cylindrical phialides and fusiform conidia. However, some specimens of M. chiangmaiensis produce hat-shaped stromata apart from the commonly found umbonate stromata, while M. flava had yellow stromata with one conidioma per stroma, and M. kanchanaburiensis was found only in its anamorphic state. Furthermore, the perithecia of M. nanensis were completely embedded in stromata as opposed to other species with semi-immersed perithecia. We also found a teleomorph link to M. sinensis, an anamorphic species reported from southeastern China.
Precise Engineering of Cisplatin Prodrug Into Supramolecular Nanoparticles: Enhanced on in Vitro Antiproliferative Activity and Treatment and Care of in Vivo Renal Injury&nbsp;
Authors: Zhou Zhenyun , Chen Xiaoxiao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a widespread type of urological tumor that derives from the highly heterogeneous epithelium of the kidney tissue. For the past decade, the treatment of kidney cancer cells has changed clinical care for RCC. Herein, we present a very easy and cost-effective method that incorporates tumor-specific targeting supramolecular nanoassembly, and therapeutically to overcome the different challenges raised by the distribution of the pharmaceutical potential anticancer drug Cisplatin (CIS-PT). On covalent conjugations of hydrophobic linoleic acid by carboxylic group, the CIS-PT prodrugs were skilled in impulsively nanoassembly into extremely steady nanoparticles size (~100 nm). Electron microscopic techniques have verified the newly synthesized morphology of CIS-PT-NPs. The anticancer properties of CIS-PT and CIS-PT-NPs against Caki-1 and A-498 (renal carcinoma) cancer cell lines have been evaluated after successful synthesis. Other research, such as dual staining acridine orange/ethidium bromide, Hoechst 33344 and flow cytometry study on the apoptosis mechanisms, have shown that proliferation in renal cancer cells is associated with apoptosis. Further the In vivo toxicity results displays the CIS-PT-NPs remarkably alleviated the toxicity of the potential anticancer drug CIS-PT In vivo while conserving the Pharmaceutical activity. Compared to CIS-PT, CIS-PT-NPs demonstrate excellent In vitro and In vivo property, this study clarified the CIS-PT-NPs as a healthy and positive RCC care chemotherapeutics technique and deserve further clinical evaluations.
Associations of Genetic Variants of miRNA Coding Regions With Pulmonary Tuberculosis Risk in China
Authors: Zhang Mingwu , Liu Zhengwei , Zhu Yelei , Chen SongHua , Chen Bin , Wang Xiaomeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death caused by single pathogenic microorganism of mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB). The study aims to explore the associations of microRNA (miRNA) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with pulmonary TB (PTB) risk. Methods A population-based case-control study was conducted, and 168 newly diagnosed smear-positive PTB cases and 251 non-TB controls were recruited. SNPs located within miR-27a (rs895819), miR-423 (rs6505162), miR-196a-2 (rs11614913), miR-146a (rs2910164), miR-618 (rs2682818) were selected and MassARRAY® MALDI-TOF System was employed for genotyping. SPSS19.0 was adopted for statistical analysis, non-conditional logistic regression was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95%confidence intervals (95%CIs) were computed to estimate the associations. Associations of haplotypes with PTB risk was performed with online tool. Results Rs895819 CT/CC genotype was associated with reduced PTB risk among female population (OR= 0.45, 95%CI: 0.23-0.98), p=0.045. Haplotypes (Combined with rs895819, rs2682818, rs2910164, rs6505162 and rs11614913) TCCCT, TAGCC, CCCCC, CCGCT and TCGAT were associated with reduced PTB risk and the ORs were 0.67 (95%CI: 0.45-0.99), 0.49 (0.25-0.94), 0.34 (95%CI: 0.14-0.81), 0.22 (95%CI: 0.06-0.84) and 0.24 (95%CI: 0.07-0.79)，respectively; while the haplotypes of TAGCT, CCCCT, CACCT and TCCAT were associated with increased PTB risk, and the ORs were 3.63 (95%CI: 1.54-8.55), 2.20 (95%CI: 1.00-4.86), 3.90 (95%CI: 1.47-10.36) and 2.95 (95%CI: 1.09-7.99), respectively. Conclusions Rs895819 CT/CC genotype was associated with reduced female PTB risk and haplotype TCCCT, TAGCC, CCCCC, CCGCT and TCGAT were associated with reduced PTB risk, while TAGCT, CCCCT, CACCT and TCCAT were associated with increased risk.
Transbronchial Cryobiopsy in Unexplained, Severe ARDS&nbsp;– A Single Center Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Eisenmann Stephan , Lambrecht Nina , Dießel Linda , Busse Christin , Nuding Sebastian , Vogt Alexander 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common cause of severe respiratory impairment. It needs a correct characterization which often is challenging. Additional surgical lung biopsy was previously reported to be of additive value. In severe and unexplained ARDS we tried to define an additional diagnostic benefit of transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB). Method: We retrospectively collected data of TBCB in unexplained ARDS, whether with or without ECMO-support. TBCB was performed in one segment, that was prophylactically occluded by Watanabe spigot or swab after the procedure. Histology results and their contribution to further therapeutic decisions were analyzed. Results: Between 2019 and 2020 TBCB was performed in six patients. Decision for the intervention was decided in multidisciplinary discussion before. Three patients were treated with ECMO. The median duration of invasive ventilation before TBCB was 24 days. Histology revealed four diffuses alveolar damage, one acute fibrinoid organizing pneumonia and one cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. All results contributed to the decision of further management. While no pneumothorax or severe endobronchial bleeding occurred, two delayed hematothoraces needed surgical treatment. No patients died due to TBCB.Conclusion: TBCB is feasible in ARDS even during ECMO treatment. Histologic results can play a significant role in therapeutic and ethic discussion to guide the patients’ path. Side effects should be considered and monitored.
The synergistic effect of vitamin D supplement and mindfulness on insulin resistance and different aspects of cognitive function in vitamin D deficient type 2 diabetic mellitus women: A pilot randomized clinical trial with placebo-controlled
Authors: davoudi mohammadreza , Rezaie Parnian , Ahmadi Seyed Mojtaba , Djafari Farhang , khosrojerdi zeinab 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose

This study aimed to examine the synergistic effect of Vitamin D (VD) supplement and mindfulness on insulin resistance and different aspects of cognitive function in VD deficient type 2 diabetic women.
Methods

In this randomized-controlled trial, totally 225 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and VD deficiency were randomly allocated to five groups: (1) mindfulness, (2) mindfulness and VD, (3) mindfulness and placebo, (4) VD, and (5) placebo. Mindfulness includes 12 sessions and VD patients received a daily 4000 IU oral dosage (two capsules) with 28,000 IU vitamin D weekly for 12 weeks. Sun exposure, anthropometric indices, dietary intake, physical activity, energy levels, and laboratory analyses were measured at the pre-test and after 12-week supplementation. Dependent variables include cognitive function (Risky decision making, IQ and Trail Making Test) and insulin resistance.
Results

In baseline, measures were not different among the groups. At the end of the treatment, cognitive function results showed improvement for all groups except the “placebo” group. About other groups, there was not any differences between VD and mindfulness groups (or combinations with placebo). However, in “VITAMIN + MINDFULNESS” group, a greater improvement compared to other groups was observed (P < 0.05). This result exactly repeated for insulin resistance. Furthermore, there were not any significant difference among groups for IQ (as one aspect of cognitive function) (P > 0.05). Moreover, there was not any differences among groups for sunlight exposure and BMI (P > 0.05). Only in combined group (VD + Mindfulness) the fasting blood sugar (FBS) significantly reduced that shows the synergistic effect of VD supplementation and Mindfulness (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

Combining VD Supplementation and mindfulness can reduce insulin resistance and improve different aspects of cognitive function in VD Deficient patients.
Prevalence and cardiovascular risk factors of carotid plaque in rural-dwelling adults: a population-based study in Shandong, China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Xiang Yuanyuan , Ji Xiaokang , Sang Shaowei , Shao Sai , Wang Xiang , Liu Xiaohui , Wang Guangbin , Lv Ming , Xue Fuzhong , Du Yifeng , Sun QinJian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

The association between carotid plaque (CP) and cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) remains elusive. And few studies focus on CRFs associated with multiple CPs and irregular CP. We aimed to investigate CRFs associated with the presence, number and irregular surface morphology of CP in rural-dwelling Chinese population.
Methods

This population-based study included 2021 participants who were aged ≥ 40 and free of stroke. Data were collected via interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests. Carotid plaque was estimated by ultrasonography. Binary logistic and multinomial logistic regression models were used to analyze data.
Results

Of the 2021 participants, 774 (38.3%) were detected with CP. The multi-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of CP was 1.75 (1.40–2.19) for hypertension, 1.62 (1.03–2.55) for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), 1.55 (1.20–2.01) for high hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), 1.41 (1.07–1.87) for diabetes mellitus (DM), 1.39 (1.00-1.93) for high total cholesterol and 1.38 (1.03–1.85) for high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). When the number and surface morphology of CP were analyzed, hypertension, high hs-CRP, DM and high LDL-C were associated with multiple CPs; hypertension, high hs-CRP and high total cholesterol were associated with irregular CP.
Conclusions

Carotid plaque is common amongst middle-aged and older people living in rural China. Hypertension, low HDL-C, high hs-CRP, DM, high total cholesterol and high LDL-C may be associated independently with CP.
Chronic Inflammation on Prostate Needle Biopsy&nbsp;as a Significant Predictor of the Lower Incidence Risk of Prostate Cancer
Authors: zhou jiatong , sun guangyu , liu ranlu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: At present, there is no clear relationship between prostatitis and prostate cancer(PCa). Therefore, in order to further understand the inflammation of prostate tissue and the occurrence of PCa, we conducted this study.Method: A total of 686 patients were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent prostate biopsy in our hospital. A retrospective analysis of the biopsy results was performed to assess the assocition between chronic inflammation and the risk of PCa.Result: Of the 686 patients, 354 were diagnosed with PCa, and 332 were benign. A total of 403 patients had prostate inflammation. PCa patients had lower prostate volume and transition zone volume than benign group(p＜0.001). Compared with benign group, PCa patients had lower PSA and PSA density (PSAD)(p＜0.001). We also found that the probability of inflammation in PCa patients is lower than that in the benign group (p＜0.001). In multivariate analyses, chronic inflammation was negatively correlated with the incidence of PCa（OR=0.80; p=0.015). Conclusion: Chronic inflammation in biopsy tissue might serve as a predicted factor for low incidence risk of PCa.