bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adipose-derived stem cell-derived microvesicles prevent progression to bladder underactivity secondary to long-termed bilateral partial iliac arterial occlusion-induced bladder ischemia
Authors: Chiang Bing-Juin , Mao Su-Han , Chung Shiu-Dong , Chien Chiang-Ting 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The therapeutic effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and ADSC-derived microvesicles (MVs) were investigated in a rat model of bladder ischemia involving long-term (4 weeks) bilateral partial iliac arterial occlusion (BPAO).
Methods
The study included four groups: sham, BPAO, BPAO + ADSCs, and BPAO + ADSC-derived MVs. ADSCs or ADSC-derived MVs were injected through the femoral artery. Real-time laser speckle contrast imaging evaluated bladder microcirculation following BPAO. A 24-h behavior study and transcystometrogram were conducted after 4 weeks. Bladder histology, immunostaining, and lipid peroxidation assays were performed. The expression of P2X2, P2X3, M2, and M3 receptors, nerve growth factor (NGF), and collagen-1 was evaluated.
Results
BPAO for 4 weeks significantly reduced bladder microcirculation, prolonged the intercontraction interval, decreased voiding volume, increased residual urine volume, lengthened phase 1 contraction, shortened phase 2 contraction, increased neutrophil infiltration, increased malondialdehyde levels, and altered levels of P2X3 receptors. ADSC-derived MVs significantly ameliorated these effects, increased NGF expression, and decreased collagen-1 expression. ADSCs only improved voiding volume and increased residual urine volume.
Conclusions
ADSC-derived MVs prevented adverse consequences of long-term BPAO, including detrusor underactivity, bladder ischemia, and oxidative stress. Amelioration of inflammation, altered purinergic signaling, neuronal regeneration, and decreased fibrosis might be involved in the therapeutic mechanism.
Empress Maria Alexandrovna’s contribution to the development of female education in Russia: women’s all-estate open gymnasiums
Authors: Володько А.В. 
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена активному участию императрицы Марии Александровны в реформе женского образования в России и создании открытых всесословных гимназий. Масштаб проведенных под ее руководством преобразований соответствовал эпохе Великих реформ. Она умела выделять из поступающих проектов и предложений наиболее целесообразные и отвечающие духу времени, привлекая для их реализации лучшие педагогические силы. Ее активная поддержка экспериментальных образовательных «пилотных проектов» способствовала постепенному распространению их положительных результатов на всю систему женского образования.The article is devoted to the life of Empress Maria Alexandrovna and, specifically, her active role in the Russian female education reform and the establishment of all-estate open gymnasiums. The scale of transformations put into effect under her guidance was quite worthy of the era of her husband Tsar Alexander’s great reforms. She was able to assess critically the submitted projects and proposals, selecting the most expedient and relevant ones, and to engage the best specialists in pedagogical science and practice in their implementation. Maria Alexandrovna actively supported various experimental “pilot projects” in the educational sphere, facilitating the entrenchment of their positive results within the whole female education system.
Grand Duchess Elizaveta Feodorovna as a patron of music education
Authors: Громова А.В. 
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена покровительству Великой княгини Елизаветы Федоровны музыкальному образованию на примере двух основных московских училищ музыкального направления. Рассматриваются различные аспекты попечительства в целях качественного обеспечения учебного процесса, помощи «недостаточным учащимся», поощрения наиболее талантливых учеников, создания условий для широкого практического применения учащимися полученных знаний в лучших творческих коллективах России. Также уделено внимание содействию Великой княгини возникновению в России новых музыкальных и театральных направлений при участии преподавателей и выпускников Музыкально-драматического и Синодального училищ.
The article is devoted to Grand Duchess Elizaveta Feodorovna’s activities as a patron of music education in Russia, focusing on the two main Moscow schools specializing in music as a case study. The author analyzes various aspects of her patronage aimed at providing high-quality teaching, assisting poor pupils, and encouraging the most talented ones, creating a wide basis for practical application of knowledge acquired by graduates in the best on-stage performance groups of Russia. Attention is also paid to the Grand Duchess’s effort to encourage new trends in Russian musical and performance arts through the contribution of the two Schools’ teachers and graduates.
From ‘childhood history’ to ‘gender history’: a new look at the life of the family of the last Russian emperor
Authors: Князев М.А. 
Published: August 2021

В статье представлена рецензия на монографию Хелен Раппапорт «Дневники княжон Романовых. Загубленные жизни». Реконструкция биографий дочерей Николая II Ольги, Татьяны, Марии и Анастасии осуществлена через призму «истории детства» и «гендерной истории». Отмечается как методологическая новизна подхода автора книги, так и противоречивость некоторых суждений и выводов.
The article presents a review of the monograph by Helen Rappaport ‘The Diaries of the Romanov Princesses. Ruined lives’ [‘The Romanov Sisters: The Lost Lives of the Daughters of Nicholas and Alexandra’]. The reconstruction of the biographies of the four daughters of Nicholas II was carried out through the prism of ‘childhood history’ and ‘gender history’. Both the methodological novelty of Rappaport's approach and the inconsistency of some of the author's judgments and conclusions are noted.
Coins and Flowers: Some Images of the Textual Authority in the Works of Isidore of Seville
Authors: Воронцов С.А. 
Published: August 2021

В статье обсуждается значение авторитета цитируемого текста в свете дихотомии авторитет текста / авторитет личности в культуре последних веков Поздней Античности на Латинском Западе на материале наследия Исидора Севильского. На основании анализа метафор, связанных с фигурой благоразумного читателя (prudens lector), а именно – собирания цветов и экспертизы монет, делаются следующие выводы: 1) авторитет цитируемых текстов позволяет произведению репрезентировать традицию, а его автору-епископу – «образ отцов церкви». Это определяет символический характер авторитета личности церковного учителя, требующий, в то же время, воспроизведения первообраза; 2) цитируемые тексты образуют поле возможных альтернатив, из которых «разумный компилятор» осмысленно выбирает необходимые для воздействия на читателя; 3) читатель при этом, применяя монашеское искусство памяти, на основании накопленных коннотации использовал авторитетные высказывания для созидания новых смыслов. Таким образом, авторитет текста на рубеже Поздней Античности – Раннего Средневековья скорее оказывается средством обоснования и производства новых смыслов, чем ограничивающей их рамкой.
The article considers the function of the authority of the quoted text through the lens of the dichotomy of personal / textual authority. The study is focud on the last ages of Late Antiquity and particularly on the works of Isidore of Seville. By consideration of the images related to the prudent reader (prudens lector) the article comes to the following conclusions. The extensive use of the authoritative quotations allows the text to represent the tradition, while its author as religious leader represented the Apostles and fathers of the Church. Thus, the authority of this leader turns out to be essentially symbolical. Relatively wide range of texts were considered authoritative. Making his own text, a prudent compiler (prudens compilator) as a prudent reader (prudens lector) chose the quotations not randomly, but according to the presupposed effect of the compilation. The reader of this kind of text, according to the monastic craft of the thought, produced new ideas by mediation upon the quotations, i.e. remembering all the connotations and relating them to the situation of the reader. Thus, the main function of authority of the quotations was to give an impetus to the thought in terms of tradition and not to suppress it.
Dungal and Macrobius: On the Perception of Ancient Texts by Medieval Authors
Authors: Петрова М.С. 
Published: August 2021

В статье обсуждается проблема рецепции античного (натурфилософского) знания за-падноевропейской наукой раннего Средневековья. Отмечается возможность ее решения посредством текстуальных исследований компаративного характера, цель которых состоит не только в формировании общей «картины» усвоения предшествующего знания средневековой наукой, но и в накоплении сведений о разнообразных способах и методах его трансформации и использования. Автор анализирует текст ответного письма (811 г.) ирландского монаха Дунгала (fl. 811-828) Карлу Великому о природе солнечных затмений, основанного на античных источниках – «Естественной истории» Плиния Старшего (I в.) и «Комментария на ‘Сон Сципиона’» Макробия (V в.). Выявляются цели изложения Дунгала при составлении ответа Карлу; обсуждается порядок планетарных сфер; отмечается знание Дунгалом основ античной натурфилософии; показано, как он (в зависимости от источника – Плиния или Макробия) перестраивает и перерабатывает исходный текст. Сделан вывод о попытке Дунгала ответить на вопрос Карла о солнечных затмениях и полученном результате.
The paper discusses the importance of the problem of perception of ancient (natural-philosophical) knowledge by Western European science of the early Middle Ages. The possibility of its solution by means of textual comparative studies is noted. The purpose of such studies is not only the gradual and detailed formation of a general “picture” of the assimilation of previous knowledge by medieval science, but also the accumulation of information about various ways of using it. The text of the reply letter (811) of the Irish monk Dungal (fl. 811–828) to Charlemagne on the nature of solar eclipses, based on ancient sources (“Natural History” by Pliny the Elder [1st c.] and “Commentary on the ‘Dream of Scipio’ ” by Macrobius [V c.]), is under consideration. The explicit and hidden goals of the Dungal’s text are revealed; the order of the planetary spheres is discussed; Dungal's knowledge of the foundations of ancient natural philosophy is noted; it is shown how Dungal (depending on his source — Pliny or Macrobius) rebuilds and processes the original text. The conclusion is made about Dungal’s attempt to answer Charlemagne’s question and the result obtained.
The novels about “new people” of the turn of the 1860s-70s and their reception by the Russian society
Authors: Ильясова Л.Р. 
Published: August 2021

В статье рассматриваются свидетельства о реакции общества на романы о «новых людях», выходившие на рубеже 1860–1870-х гг. Приводятся мнения и отзывы критиков, читателей, цензуры, раскрываются факты о воздействии этой литературы на реальную деятельность интеллигентов. На основе этих данных подтверждается, что романы о «новых людях» отразили запросы и настроения разночинной интеллигенции, оказывали влияние на формирование ее мировоззрения и идеологии, что доказывает ценность такой литературы как исторического источника.The article discusses the evidence of the reaction of the Russian society to novels about “new people”, published in the late 1860s – early 1870s. Opinions and reviews of critics, readers, censorship of works are presented, facts about the impact of this literature on the real activities of intellectuals are revealed. The study confirms the existing that novels about “new people” reflected the demands and moods of the raznochinnaya intelligentsia, influenced the formation of its worldview and ideology, which proves the value of such literature as a historical source.
“The disappointed pacifist”: Problems of war and peace in P.N. Milyukov’s journalism at the beginning of the XX century
Authors: Николаев Н.Ю. 
Published: August 2021

В статье рассмотрены взгляды П.Н. Милюкова на проблемы войны и мира в 1910-е гг. Выявлено его отношение к вооруженным конфликтам, пацифистскому движению, милитаризму, разоружению и перспективам достижения всеобщего (вечного) мира. Определены причины и характер мировоззренческой эволюции Милюкова и его отказа от прежних антивоенных убеждений. Отдельно рассмотрена общественно-политическая позиция, занятая Милюковым в период Первой Мировой войны.The article examines the views of P.N. Milyukov on the problems of war and peace in the 1910s. His attitude to armed conflicts, pacifist movement, militarism, disarmament, and prospects for achieving universal (eternal) peace is Revealed. The reasons and nature of Milyukov's worldview evolution and his rejection of previous anti-war beliefs are determined. The socio-political position taken by Milyukov during the First World war is considered separately.
Layer-by-layer self-assembly preparation and desalination performance of graphene oxide membrane
Authors: Hu Jun , Yang Zuoguo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Unlike previous utilization of ultrafiltration membranes as supporters of graphene oxide (GO) composite membranes, this study first adopts microporous nylon membranes as substrates. The cationic polyelectrolyte/GO composite membranes are prepared by the layer-by-layer self-assembly method via electrostatic attraction. The introduction of polycations between nanochannels in the GO membranes effectively suppresses the swelling and improves the stability of the membranes. It is found that the polyelectrolytes' charge density and the surface potential of the composite membranes jointly determine the membranes' properties. The experimental results show that the novel GO membranes can obtain high flux and considerable desalination performance under low operating pressure. Typically, the salt rejection rate reaches 66.8% for 1.0 g/L MgSO4, and the flux is 39.8 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1. Benefitting from the GO composite membranes keeping similar retention for both high and low concentration salt solutions, the ideal desalination performance could be obtained through multi-stage processes on the premise of ensuring high flux, which is more suitable for industry.
A Comprehensive Review on Chrysin: Emphasis on Molecular Targets, Pharmacological Actions and Bio-pharmaceutical Aspects
Authors: Garg Anuj , Chaturvedi Shashank 
Published: August 2021

:
Chrysin (a flavonoid) has shown various promising pharmacological activities viz. anticancer,
anti-diabetic, immune-modulation, antidepressant, and anti-asthmatic. Additionally, it exhibited
potential protective effects against various toxins on different organs like the liver, brain,
kidney, and heart. A multitude of studies have been conducted to explore the possible targets for its
possible mechanism of action. However, its therapeutic applications have been limited due to its
poor oral bioavailability. The major reason for its poor bioavailability is its extensive first-pass
metabolism. A critical review of the pharmacological properties of chrysin and its associated molecular
targets has not been discussed as yet comprehensively. Therefore, the emphasis of the present
work is to provide an in-depth understanding of molecular targets accountable for the pharmacological
actions of chrysin. Moreover, a schematic diagram was made for the first time to represent the
comprehensive pharmacokinetic properties of chrysin, which helps to understand the biopharmaceutical
aspect for its successful delivery. An in-depth understanding of the biopharmaceutical
properties of chrysin will help in adopting a suitable formulation approach to overcome poor oral
bioavailability. Additionally, it facilitates to study the possible pharmacokinetic interactions of
chrysin with other drugs. Hence, we found that chrysin is a miraculous natural agent with myriad
therapeutic properties, and its benefit can be exploited with an in-depth understanding of molecular
targets, pharmacological actions, and biopharmaceutical attributes.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells: An Overview of Tumor-
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Interaction for Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Montazersaheb Soheila , Fathi Ezzatollah , Mamandi Ayoub , Farahzadi Raheleh , Heidari Hamid Reza 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Tumors are made up of different types of cancer cells that contribute to tumor heterogeneity.
Among these cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have a significant role in the onset of cancer
and development. Like other stem cells, CSCs are characterized by the capacity for differentiation
and self-renewal. A specific population of CSCs is constituted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
that differentiate into mesoderm-specific cells. The pro-or anti-tumorigenic potential of MSCs on
the proliferation and development of tumor cells has been reported as contradictory results. Also,
tumor progression is specified by the corresponding tumor cells like the tumor microenvironment.
The tumor microenvironment consists of a network of reciprocal cell types such as endothelial
cells, immune cells, MSCs, and fibroblasts as well as growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines.
In this review, recent findings related to the tumor microenvironment and associated cell populations,
homing of MSCs to tumor sites, and interaction of MSCs with tumor cells will be discussed.
Systematic Review on Treatment Trials of Tocilizumab: A Repurposing
Drug against COVID-19
Authors: Banerjee Shilpita , Mahapatra Ajit Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global issue today. There exists an ongoing
health crisis all over the world, and efficacious drugs against COVID-19 are not available yet.
Therefore, on an urgent basis, scientists are looking for safe and efficacious drugs against SARSCoV-
2.

Methods:
The reported individual patient data and clinical outcomes, including the rate of recovery
and mortality, patients’ characteristics, and complications, are reviewed. Randomized controlled
trials, single-center cohort studies, and different case studies are provided, and the PICO model is
used to illustrate the outcomes.

Results:
There exist several FDA (U.S Food and Drug Administration) approved anti coronavirus
drugs that sometimes are unsuccessful in curing COVID-19 critical conditions. It has been observed
that a humanized monoclonal antibody, Tocilizumab (licensed for the treatment of rheumatoid
arthritis), targeting the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor, has an integral role in the treatment of
COVID-19.

Conclusion:
The cause behind the mortality of COVID-19 patients was found to be the Cytokine
Release Syndrome (CRS). Therefore, besides other antiviral drugs, the utilization of tocilizumab
should also be considered as it can effectively block IL-6 and reduce the inflammatory signal.
Endothelial Dysfunction, its Relationship with Chronic Periodontal Disease, and other Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Velosa-Porras Juliana , E. Arregoces Francina M. , L. Uriza Catalina , Ruiz Alvaro J 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Chronic periodontitis is related to individual characteristics. However, it is precisely infectious in nature with the possibility of generating a chronic systemic inflammatory response that could favour its association with diseases, such as endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, CVD, and diabetes.

Purpose:
The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship of endothelial dysfunction measured by flow-mediated vasodilation in the brachial artery with periodontal disease and other possible factors.

Methods:
A case-control study was carried out in which those who had periodontitis were defined as cases, and those who were periodontally healthy or had gingivitis were defined as controls. A clinical history was obtained from all patients, and all patients underwent biofilm control and periodontal examinations. Blood tests were performed to determine CBC, glycaemia, total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels, and standardized procedures were used to measure flow-mediated dilation.

Results:
A total of 202 patients were included in this study: 101 controls [healthy/gingivitis] and 101 cases [periodontitis]. Regarding sex, glycaemia [p = 0.019] and triglycerides [p = 0.001] levels and initial flow-mediated vasodilation [p = 0.001] and final flow-mediated vasodilation [p = 0.001] values were higher in men, while HDL values ​​were lower [p = 0.001. The average age was higher for those in the group that presented dysfunction than for those in the group without dysfunction [p = 0.014]. When analyzing the percentage of patients with endothelial dysfunction in each of the groups, there were very few positive results obtained [5 per group].

Conclusion:
Initial and final arterial vasodilation was lower in women than in men. Likewise, there were more cases of endothelial dysfunction in women. In this study, patients with endothelial dysfunction were older. Periodontitis was not associated with endothelial dysfunction.
Mindfulness-Based Eudaimonic Enhancement for Well-Being of Individuals with Alcohol-Dependence: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: George Allen Joshua , Rajkumar Eslavath , John Romate , Lakshmi Ranganathappa , Wajid Maria 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Theoretically, mindfulness or the non-judgmental awareness of the present generates eudaimonic well-being. Mindfulness-based interventions are effective for addictions like alcohol-dependence but its well-being outcomes should be validated empirically.

Objectives:
Current pilot study intended to explore the feasibility of a novel intervention, Mindfulness-Based Eudaimonic Enhancement Training (MEET), among individuals undergoing treatment for alcohol-dependence at an Integrated Rehabilitation Centre for Addicts (IRCA), Kerala, India.

Methods:
The experimental group (N=12) was administered with the intervention and Treatment as Usual (TaU) while the control group (N=12) received TaU alone. Obtained data were analysed using independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test.

Results:
After intervention the experimental group had reported better mindfulness, eudaimonic well-being, hedonic well-being, and flourishing. The results delineate the efficacy of the intervention as a mindfulness-based positive psychology intervention that enhances well-being and flourishing.

Conclusion:
This is the first study reporting the efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention aimed exclusively at eudaimonic enhancement that showed promising impact among individuals with alcohol-dependence. The study contributes to the existing scientific literature, on the role of well-being and its enhancement for the effective treatment of addiction and relapse prevention.