bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ECMO Support for Influenza A: Retrospective Review of the ELSO Registry Comparing Seasonal and Pandemic Subtypes
Authors: O'Neil Erika R , Lin Huiming , Li Meng , Shekerdemian Lara , Tonna Joseph E. , Barbaro Ryan P. , Abella Jayvee R. , Rycus Peter , MacLaren Graeme , Anders Marc , Alexander Peta M.A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: While there is substantial published experience of ECMO during the H1N1 pandemic, less is known about the use of ECMO in patients with seasonal influenza A virus. We hypothesized that the severity of illness and survival of patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) would differ for those with seasonal influenza A vs pandemic H1N1 (H1N1) influenza A.Methods: Retrospective study of ECMO supported adults (>18 years) with influenza A viral infection reported to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry between 2009-2019. We describe the incidence and compare characteristics and factors associated with in-hospital survival using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression.Results: Of 2461 patients supported with ECMO for influenza A, 445 had H1N1 and 2004 had seasonal influenza A. H1N1 was the predominant subtype between 2009-2011. Pandemic H1N1 patients were younger, with more severe illness at ECMO cannulation and higher reported ECMO complications than those with seasonal influenza A. Patient characteristics including younger age and higher weight, and patient management including longer ventilation duration before ECMO were associated with worse survival. ECMO complications were associated with reduced survival. There was no difference in survival to hospital discharge according to influenza subtype after adjusting for other characteristics.Conclusions: Patients supported with ECMO for pandemic H1N1 were younger, with more severe illness than those supported for seasonal influenza A. Survival to hospital discharge, was associated with patient characteristics, management, and ECMO complications, but was not impacted by the specific influenza A subtype.Trial registration: N/A
Picky City Bats: Variation in Urban Conditions Generates a Suitability Gradient that Structures the Bat Community.
Authors: Rodríguez-Ramírez Mauricio , Salinas-Melgoza Miguel Angel , Salinas-Melgoza Vicente , Herrerías-Diego Yvonne , Salinas-Melgoza Alejandro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The transformation of natural systems into urban cities represents a radical habitat modification and one that generates species-specific effects on bat communities. Cities present heterogeneous mosaics of urban conditions, which the bats can inhabit differentially by utilizing their intrinsic characteristics. We expected bat species richness, number of abundant species and feeding guilds to be positively impacted by an increased degree of suitability for bats in certain areas interspersed in the city. We also expected that the number of dominant species would follow an inverse pattern, with some species being fostered in less suitable areas for bats. We determined the levels of suitability for the presence of bats in urban-based basic geostatistical units (BGUs) in the Neotropical city of Morelia, in Michoacán state, Mexico. We identified three levels of suitability for bats, low, medium and high, using the percentage of arboreal vegetation and constructed and open areas in the BGUs. We monitored the bat assemblage monthly over an annual cycle using autonomous ultrasonic recorders to assess the abundance of each species at each suitability level. Across all three suitability levels throughout the year, we found a high dominance of three insectivorous bat species that forage in open areas. Diversity measures supported our predictions, agreeing with bat flight and foraging functional traits. These results highlight the importance of city features in driving bat diversity and how urban planning that fails to consider key city features, such as arboreal areas in the city, may reduce suitability for bats, leading changes in diversity.
Hantangping-a traditional Chinese medicine compound versus metformin for treating early type 2 diabetes mellitus:study protocol for a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jiang Xiao , Wang Baohua , Chen Xinlin , Cao Zebiao , Li Kexin , Lin Jiayuan , He Xiaoli , li saimei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Hantangping is a traditional Chinese medicine compound, founded by Professor Saimei Li of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, and has been used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus for more than 10 years. Clinical practice has shown that for early stage type 2 diabetes patients with acceptable islet secretion function, Hantangping can reduce blood glucose and improve islet function while correcting lipid metabolism disorders, preventing diabetes complications, and reducing adverse reactions..However, there is currently a lack of randomized controlled clinical trials that can confirm the efficacy of Hantangping in the treatment of early type 2 diabetes. We designed this study to objectively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Hantangping in the treatment of early type 2 diabetes.Methods/Design: A randomized, open, parallel controlled and non-inferiority clinical trial was designed. Participants were randomly divided into Hantangping group(experimental group) and metformin group(positive control group) at a ratio of 1:1, and were intervened with Chinese medicine Hantangping and Western medicine metformin respectively.The participants will receive 12 weeks of drug intervention and 8 weeks of follow-up.The primary outcome measure is glycosylated hemoglobin a1c. The secondary outcome measures are fasting blood glucose， index of β-cell function in Homeostasis Model Assessment,and index of Insulin resistance in Homeostasis Model Assessment, etc.Discussion:This study can provide scientific and rigorous evidence-based medical evidence for the effectiveness and safety of Hantangping in the treatment of early type 2 diabetes, and may also provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Trial registration : Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900023378. Registered on 25 May 2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx .
The Influence of 2015-16 El Niño On the Record-Breaking Mangrove Dieback Along Northern Australia Coast
Authors: Abhik S. , Hope Pandora , Hendon Harry H. , Hutley Lindsay B. , Johnson Stephanie , Drosdowsky Wasyl , Brown Josephine 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the underlying climate processes behind the largest recorded mangrove dieback event along the Gulf of Carpentaria coast in northern Australia in late 2015. Capitalizing on the satellite observation-based mangrove green-fraction dataset, variation of the mangroves during recent decades are studied, including their dieback during 2015. The relationship between mangrove greenness and the climate conditions is examined using available observations and by exploring the possible role of the mega 2015-16 El Niño in altering the favorable conditions for the mangroves. The mangrove greenness is shown to be coherent with the low-frequency component of sea-level height variation related to the El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) cycle in the equatorial Pacific. The sea-level drop associated with the 2015-16 El Niño is identified to be the crucial factor leading to the dieback event. A stronger sea-level drop occurred during austral autumn and winter, when the anomalies were more than 12% greater than the previous very strong El Niño events. The persistent drop in sea-level height occurred in the dry season of the year when sea-level was seasonally at its lowest, so potentially exposed the mangroves to unprecedented hostile conditions. The influence of other key climate factors is also discussed, and a multiple linear regression model is developed to understand the combined role of the important climate variables on the mangrove greenness variation.
Correlation of Clinicopathological and Prognostic Characteristics between Endometriosis-Associated and Primary Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wang Huimin , Chen Cong , Wang Danbo , Zhu Yanmei , Chen Peng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: To establish the clinicopathological and prognostic correlations between endometriosis-associated and non-endometriosis-associated primary ovarian cancer, with a view to providing a reference guide for revision of diagnostic criteria for malignant transformation of endometriosis.Methods: Retrospectively collected clinicopathological and follow-up data of 174 clear cell and endometrial ovarian cancer patients. Cases were divided into endometriosis-associated and non-endometriosis-associated primary ovarian cancer, and comparative analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis conducted.Results: Average age and proportion of menopausal patients in the endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer group were lower relative to the primary ovarian cancer group (P<0.05). Other clinicopathological features examined, including body mass index, age at menopause, operation history, dysmenorrhea, complications, tumor size, tumor side, ascites, CA125, HE4, CA199, stage, differentiation, expression of ER, PR, P53, P16, Ki67, MMR, HNF-1β and Napsin A were not significantly different between the groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, rates of resistance to platinum chemotherapy, relapse, progression-free survival and overall survival were comparable between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Endometriosis-associated and primary ovarian cancers of the same pathological type are speculated to be homologous in terms of origin from malignant transformation of endometriosis. It may therefore be necessary to revise the diagnostic criteria for ovarian endometriosis malignancy.
Survival patterns of COVID-19 pneumonia patients with false-negative PCR results transferred to the intensive care unit from the emergency department
Authors: Kodik Meltem Songur 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze factors associated with patient mortality in COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) and provide data to help prioritize the most critical patients.DesignRetrospective cohort studySetting and participantsData for 289 patients were analyzed by the XXX hospital’s IT department.MethodsA clinical retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital. Patients (n=289) with negative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and positive chest computed tomography (CT) scan indicating COVID-19 were included in the research. Demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and length of hospital stay were analyzed in relation to 30-day survival outcomes.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 69.04±15.10 years (range 19-100), and 41.2% (n=119) were female. The mortality rate was 48.1% (n=139). There were statistically significant differences in laboratory findings, such as hemoglobin (p=0.021), lymphocyte counts (p=0.046), d-dimer (p=0.009), and lactate (<0.001) regarding one-month survival. Additionally, those hospitalized for more than 5 days had higher one-month survival rates (hazard ratio (HR)= 0.003, CI= 10.264-155.972). Moreover, intubated patients had a higher mortality risk during this period (HR=4.15, CI=1.53-11.20).Conclusions and implicationsThe first five days of patients hospitalized in intensive care units due to COVID-19 pneumonia are critical. Besides, the need for intubation was another factor independently affecting survival. Clinicians should be alerted about the significance of these factors.
Complement 3 could be available marker of liver function evaluation in patients with hepatitis B virus related cirrhosis and independent predictor of poor outcome in decompensated
Authors: Ruan Jie , Luo Jing , Zhou Huifang , Sun Dianxing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aim

Hepatocytes biosynthesize about 80–90% of plasma complement proteins, including complement 3 (C3) and 4 (C4). The purpose of our study is to research the significance of complement in hepatitis B virus related cirrhosis (HBV-cirrhosis), discuss whether C3 and C4 could be served as available markers to assess liver function and prognostic in HBV-cirrhosis.
Methods

Blood samples were captured from 306 adult patients with HBV-cirrhosis, 23 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) without cirrhosis or liver failure, and 12 healthy adults. Serum C3 and C4 levels were compared in different groups, evaluating the correlation between C3/C4 levels and disease severity in patients with HBV-cirrhosis, analyzing the significance of complement components in infection and mortality of decompensated HBV-cirrhosis.
Results

The concentrations of C3 and C4 were markedly decreased in HBV-cirrhosis group than those in Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) and healthy group (p < 0.05, respectively), especially in decompensated stage. In HBV-cirrhosis, The C3 and C4 levels were significantly negatively correlated with International Normalized Ratio (INR) and bilirubin, and significantly positively correlated with albumin, cholinesterase, cholesterol and platelet (p < 0.05, respectively). In addition, these were significance negative correlation with Child-Pugh score (C-P score), End-stage Liver Disease score (MELD score) and AST to platelet ratio (p < 0.05, respectively). More importantly, the C3 were significantly reduced in decompensated HBV-cirrhosis with infection or death, multivariate Cox-regression analysis revealed that lower C3 level was independent predictor of mortality in decompensated HBV-cirrhosis.
Conclusions

The C3 level could be served as available follow-up marker to evaluate liver function and disease severity in HBV-cirrhosis and superior to C4. Decreased C3 might be independent poor prognostic factor in patients with decompensated HBV-cirrhosis.
Immune-Related lncRNAs to Construct Novel Signature for Predicting Prognosis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Bao Tianshang , Wang Zeyu , Xu Jia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have many functions, including immune response. The signal irlncRNAs with no requirement of specific expression level seems to be valuable in predicting the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Results: Our results suggested that immune related lncRNA signaling is of great value in predicting prognosis, and it may be possible to measure the response to immunotherapy. This feature may guide the choice of immunotherapy for GC. Conclusion: Immune-related lncRNA signals show independent prognostic significance in GC. These results of this research could predict the prognosis of GC patients without detecting specific expression level of lncRNA, providing a possible method for predicting the survival of GC patients, and providing a potential lncRNA target for immunotherapy.
Detection and quantitation of cellulose II by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Agarwal Umesh P. , Ralph Sally A. , Baez Carlos , Reiner Richard S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In cellulose materials, the cellulose II polymorph is often present either exclusively or inconjunction with cellulose I, the natural cellulose. Moreover, in regenerated andmercerized fibers (e,g., viscose and lyocell), natural cellulose adopts to the crystalstructure cellulose II Therefore, its detection and quantitation are important for acomplete assessment of such materials investigations. In the Raman spectra of suchmaterials, a band at 577 cm -1 is typically observed indicating the presence of thispolymorph. In the present study, to quantify the content of cellulose II, a calibrationmethod was developed based on the intensity of the 577 cm -1 peak relative to the1096 cm -1 band of cellulose. For this purpose, in addition to pure cellulose I andcellulose II samples (respectively, Avicel PH-101 and mercerized Avicel PH-101; hencereferred to as Avicel I and Avicel II), a set of five samples were produced by mixingthem in known quantities of Avicel I and Avicel II. The crystalline cellulose II contents ofthe samples were calculated based on the X-ray crystallinity of mercerized Avicel I.These seven samples were included in the calibration set and their Raman spectrawere obtained. Subsequently, Raman intensity ratios I 577 /I 1096 were calculatedby taking ratios of peak intensities at 577 and 1096 cm -1 . These ratios were plottedagainst the % of crystalline cellulose II present in the calibration set samples and thetwo were found to be linearly correlated (R 2 = 0.9944). The set-samples were alsoanalyzed using XRD which were then compared with the Raman method developedhere. Compared to XRD, the Raman method was found to be more sensitive atdetecting and quantifying cellulose II. Additionally, several cellulose II containingmaterials were analyzed by the new Raman method.
MicroRNA-145-5p modulates KLF5 and inhibits the migration and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yuan Chien-Han , Hsu Wei-Chi , Huang A-Mei , Yuan Ben-Chih , Chen I-Hung , Hsu Chia-An , Chen Rong-Feng , Chu Yih-Min , Lin Hui-Hui , Ke Hung-Lung 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Enhanced Characterization of Beta Cell Mass in a Tg(Pdx1-GFP) Mouse Model of Beta Cell Destruction
Authors: Karami Fatemeh , Abibeiglou Behrouz Asgari , Pahlavanneshan Saghar , Farrokhi Ali , Tamadon Amin , Basiri Mohsen , Khalooghi Keynoosh , Fallahi Majid , Tahamtani Yaser 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
IntroductionMeasurement of pancreatic beta cell mass in animal models is a common assay in diabetes researches. Novel whole-organ clearance methods in conjunction with transgenic mouse models hold tremendous promise to improve methods for beta cell mass measurement. Here, we propose a refined method to estimate the beta cell mass using a new transgenic Tg(Pdx1-GFP) mouse model and a recently developed free-of-acrylamide clearing tissue (FACT) protocol. MethodsFirst, we generated and evaluated a Tg(Pdx1-GFP) transgenic mouse model. By using the FACT protocol in this model, we could quantify the beta cell mass and alloxan-induced beta cell destruction in whole pancreas specimens.ResultsTg(Pdx1-GFP) transgenic mice expressed green fluorescent protein (GFP) only in the beta cells of the pancreas and limited to the beta cells. This GFP expression enabled us to accurately measure beta cell loss in a beta cell destruction model. The results suggest that our proposed method can be used as a simple, rapid assay for beta cell mass measurement in studies of islet biology and diabetes.ConclusionThe Tg(Pdx1-GFP) transgenic mouse in conjunction with the FACT protocol can enhance large-scale screening studies in the field of diabetes.
Pedro Laín Entralgo: la parábola del samaritano misericordioso (Lc 10: 25-37) como propuesta antropológica para la actualidad
Authors: García Echeverri Jonny Alexander , Gil Valencia Wilmar , Escobar Vásquez Andrés 
Published: June 2021

La propuesta antropológica del médico español Pedro Laín Entralgo, se direcciona a la ejecución de un proyecto académico y autobiográfico, desde el cual se vivencien relaciones interpersonales genuinas, en las que siendo el otro desconocido, sin nombre, sea ayudado en su menesterosidad. Laín está convencido de que la razón suficiente para ser solidario con el otro es su condición de persona y, por serlo, debo creerle y serle prójimo. Dicho proyecto es denominado por Laín “pleisología de la vida cotidiana”; tal propuesta resulta necesaria y debe ser acogida por el cristianismo en nuestros días. Se hace perentorio, hacer del cristianismo una propuesta con sentido, para ello, quien se quiera cristiano, que asuma su modo de serlo como vocación y la formule como un proyecto personal (sea persona), responsable y desde allí contribuya a la humanización de las relaciones humanas mediante la práctica de un amor samaritano.
The semiotics of the untold story in the novel “The Crow’s Leg” by Yahya Amqasem
Authors: Alharthi Hanan 
Published: June 2021

A través de nuestro estudio sobre el argumento de la semiótica de la historia no contada en la novela «The Crow’s Leg», pretendíamos mostrar la imagen de las prohibiciones religiosas, morales y políticas mediante la interacción de discursos con los niveles sociales y culturales destacados por el contexto semántico en el discurso. El estudio utilizó el planteamiento semiótico que señala los mecanismos del discurso narrativo que intervienen en las dimensiones semióticas y el significado de la historia no contada a través de la estrategia de los temas planteados (religión–política–ética). Al finalizar nuestro estudio concluimos la importancia que tienen las dimensiones semióticas que se extienden desde el significante al significado centrándonos de manera más profunda en el tema de la historia no contada a través de la significación de la prohibición religiosa, en la que enfocamos la centralidad de la mujer y la interactuación con hombres en muchos dominios que son considerados por el principado como vetados por la Sharía, que abordamos como una prohibición religiosa. En este estudio también nos referimos a la esencia de los conceptos semióticos y a la definición de contenido mediante herramientas metodológicas que estudian el mundo semántico de la novela y sus unidades morales menores y fundamentales que solo se alcanzan en su relación con los demás elementos y que se basan en un eje semántico común en la historia no contada y sus interpretaciones en el cuerpo de la novela.
WAYS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF FOREIGN TRADE ACTIVITY OF FOREIGN MANUFACTURERS’ DISTRIBUTORS IN RUSSIA
Authors: Egurnova M. A. , Rozhanskaia E. A. , Prikladova A. A. 
Published: June 2021

In comparison with national manufacturers, distributors have an advantage in providing wellknown brands and might receive financial or information support by foreign manufacturers in marketing campaigns in the local market. At the same time distributors have a lack of independence in producing and pricing policies, so they are limited in the tools for reducing the costs of production and increasing the profitability of sales. Nevertheless, distributors, as well as other companies, are focused on increasing their economic efficiency. Based on the study of the activities of the company «SK Energy», the authors identified the characteristic problems associated with the implementation of foreign trade operations. Their overcoming is mainly focused on decreasing the costs associated with the transportation of goods to the territory of the Russian Federation, reducing currency risks that limit the ability of the importing company to increase competitiveness in the local market due to the price factor. The authors propose ways to solve the identified problems, confirmed by estimates of the economic efficiency of imports based on actual data on the foreign-trade transactions of «SK Energy» and calculated values, considering the possible implementation of such measures. Considering the specifics of «SK Energy» business, it is identified the possible ways to increase revenue through changes in the company's sales policy and in the conditions of cooperation between the distributor and the foreign manufacturer. The results obtained are sufficiently general and can be used in different industries by commercial organisations that are already engaged in import activities, as intermediaries between foreign producers and consumers on the national market, or only plan to develop an international direction.