bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Criteria-based curation of a therapy-focused compendium to support treatment recommendations in precision oncology
Authors: Lin Frank P. , Thavaneswaran Subotheni , Grady John P. , Ballinger Mandy , Kansara Maya , Oakes Samantha R. , Desai Jayesh , Lee Chee Khoon , Simes John , Thomas David M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhile several resources exist that interpret therapeutic significance of genomic alterations in cancer, many regional real-world issues limit access to drugs. There is a need for a pragmatic, evidence-based, context-adapted tool to guide clinical management based on molecular biomarkers. To this end, we have structured a compendium of approved and experimental therapies with associated biomarkers following a survey of drug regulatory databases, existing knowledge bases, and published literature. Each biomarker-disease-therapy triplet was categorised using a tiering system reflective of key therapeutic considerations: approved and reimbursed therapies with respect to a jurisdiction (Tier 1), evidence of efficacy or approval in another jurisdiction (Tier 2), evidence of antitumour activity (Tier 3), and plausible biological rationale (Tier 4). Two resistance categories were defined: lack of efficacy (Tier R1) or antitumor activity (Tier R2). Based on this framework, we curated a digital resource focused on drugs relevant in the Australian healthcare system (TOPOGRAPH: Therapy Oriented Precision Oncology Guidelines for Recommending Anticancer Pharmaceuticals). As of November 2020, TOPOGRAPH comprised 2810 biomarker-disease-therapy triplets in 989 expert-appraised entries, including 373 therapies, 199 biomarkers, and 106 cancer types. In the 345 therapies catalogued, 84 (24%) and 65 (19%) were designated Tiers 1 and 2, respectively, while 271 (79%) therapies were supported by preclinical studies, early clinical trials, retrospective studies, or case series (Tiers 3 and 4). A companion algorithm was also developed to support rational, context-appropriate treatment selection informed by molecular biomarkers. This framework can be readily adapted to build similar resources in other jurisdictions to support therapeutic decision-making.
TGF-β-dependent reprogramming of amino acid metabolism induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancers
Authors: Nakasuka Fumie , Tabata Sho , Sakamoto Takeharu , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Ebi Hiromichi , Yamada Tadaaki , Umetsu Ko , Ohishi Maki , Ueno Ayano , Goto Hisatsugu , Sugimoto Masahiro , Nishioka Yasuhiko , Yamada Yasuhiro , Tomita Masaru , Sasaki Atsuo T. , Yano Seiji , Soga Tomoyoshi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)—a fundamental process in embryogenesis and wound healing—promotes tumor metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. While studies have identified signaling components and transcriptional factors responsible in the TGF-β-dependent EMT, whether and how intracellular metabolism is integrated with EMT remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we showed that TGF-β induces reprogramming of intracellular amino acid metabolism, which is necessary to promote EMT in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis identified prolyl 4-hydroxylase α3 (P4HA3), an enzyme implicated in cancer metabolism, to be upregulated during TGF-β stimulation. Further, knockdown of P4HA3 diminished TGF-β-dependent changes in amino acids, EMT, and tumor metastasis. Conversely, manipulation of extracellular amino acids induced EMT-like responses without TGF-β stimulation. These results suggest a previously unappreciated requirement for the reprogramming of amino acid metabolism via P4HA3 for TGF-β-dependent EMT and implicate a P4HA3 inhibitor as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer.
Quenched topological boundary modes can persist in a trivial system
Authors: Lee Ching Hua , Song Justin C. W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTopological boundary modes can occur at the spatial interface between a topological and gapped trivial phase and exhibit a wavefunction that exponentially decays in the gap. Here we argue that this intuition fails for a temporal boundary between a prequench topological phase that possess topological boundary eigenstates and a postquench gapped trivial phase that does not possess any eigenstates in its gap. In particular, we find that characteristics of states (e.g., probability density) prepared in a topologically non-trivial system can persist long after it is quenched into a gapped trivial phase with spatial profiles that appear frozen over long times postquench. After this near-stationary window, topological boundary mode profiles decay albeit, slowly in a power-law fashion. This behavior highlights the unusual features of nonequilibrium protocols enabling quenches to extend and control localized states of both topological and non-topological origins.
Profiles of Linguistic Multicompetence in Vietnamese–English Speakers
Authors: Wang Cen , Verdon Sarah , McLeod Sharynne , Tran Van H. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Speech-language pathologists work with increasing numbers of multilingual speakers; however, even when the same languages are spoken, multilingual speakers are not homogeneous. Linguistic multicompetence (aka multi-competence) considers competency across all languages and is associated with multiple demographic, migration, linguistic, and cultural factors.

Method

This article examines the linguistic multicompetence of adults with Vietnamese heritage living in Australia (
n
= 271) and factors associated with varying profiles of multilingualism. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire (available in English and Vietnamese) regarding their language proficiency and associated factors.

Results

Participants were largely (76.6%) first-generation migrants to Australia. Three distinct profiles of linguistic multicompetence were statistically identified using a cluster analysis: (a) Vietnamese proficient (
n
= 81, 31%), (b) similar proficiency (
n
= 135, 52%), and (c) English proficient (
n
= 43, 17%); that is, half were proficient in both languages. Multinomial logistic regression analyses compared participants profiled as having similar proficiency with those who were more dominant in one language. Factors associated with the Vietnamese proficient group (compared with the similar proficiency group) were that the participants used Vietnamese much more than English with different people across different situations, were more likely to believe that maintaining Vietnamese helped them communicate in English, and earned less. Participants in the English proficient group used English more than Vietnamese with different people across different situations, were more likely to have lived in English-speaking countries longer, were younger in age, and were less likely to believe that maintaining Vietnamese helped improve academic study than those with similar proficiency.

Conclusion
Undertaking a comprehensive language profile is an important component of any multilingual assessment to enable speech-language pathologists to develop an understanding of different presentations of linguistic multicompetence, engage in culturally responsive practice, and acknowledge that high levels of competence can be achieved across multiple languages.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14781984
The Impact of COVID-19 on Speech-Language Pathologists Engaged in Clinical Practices With Elevated Coronavirus Transmission Risk
Authors: Kearney Ann , Searl Jeff , Erickson-DiRenzo Elizabeth , Doyle Philip C. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This study assessed and described potential clinical practice changes secondary to COVID-19 that emerged as an early response to the pandemic for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) engaged in voice, alaryngeal, and swallowing activities that may increase the risk of virus transmission.

Method

SLPs from the United States and Canada (
n
= 665) who were engaged in clinical activities that might elevate the risk of COVID-19 exposure completed an online survey regarding their clinical practices. Topics assessed included potential clinical service modifications, COVID-19 testing and health, and potential financial impacts in the early time period of the pandemic.

Results
The percentage of SLPs completing the most endoscopic procedures prepandemic (≥ 10/week) was reduced from 39% of respondents to 3% due to the pandemic. Those who completed the most tracheoesophageal puncture voice prosthesis changes (≥ 5/week) reported a reduction in frequency from 24% to 6%. Twenty-five percent of SLPs reported that they were tested for COVID-19, and 6% reported a positive result. Descriptive statistics suggest that COVID-19 testing rates of SLPs, the percentage of SLPs experiencing a financial impact, and the percentage who were furloughed varied across SLP work setting.

Conclusions
These findings provide the first data characterizing the impact on COVID-19 on clinical practice for SLPs engaged in procedures such as endoscopy and laryngectomy care. The results indicate that, as frontline workers, SLPs were directly impacted in their practice patterns, personal health, safety, and financial security, and that these reported impacts occurred differently across SLP work settings.
A novel single‐phase grounding fault voltage full compensation topology based on antiphase transformer
Authors: Cai Xiaobin , Liu Hongwen , Huang Xiaohui , Huang Chunhui , Chai Chenchao , Rong Fei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMulti‐tap and multi‐capacitors type arc suppression coils are commonly used in distribution systems. Due to their low compensation accuracy and limited arc suppression capability, it is hardly to avoid personal safety accidents and wildfires absolutely. In this paper, a novel single‐phase grounding fault voltage full compensation topology based on antiphase transformer is proposed, which is composed by an antiphase transformer, a phase‐selection switch and a multi‐tap single‐phase voltage regulator. The proposed topology can control the neutral point voltage, thus cause the fault voltage being zero. By this way, the lack of arc suppression coil is overcome. The novel compensation topology features low costs, high precision of fault voltage compensation. The principle of the novel compensation topology is explained. The mathematical expressions of residual voltage and current are derived in detail. Finally, the simulation model and experimental platform were built. The results show that the proposed novel compensation topology can effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional arc suppression coils when it is used with them.
Automatic generation of optimal road trajectory for the rescue vehicle in case of emergency on mountain freeway using reinforcement learning approach
Authors: Yang Jingwen , Wang Ping , Yuan Wubei , Ju Yongfeng , Han Wanli , Zhao Jianyou 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRapid rescue response has the highest priority in case of emergency randomly happening on the freeway network, which allows rescue vehicles to have many trajectory options. Searching for the fastest way is not easy within a short time after traffic accident happens especially for the mountainous area with special characteristics such as limited traffic capacity, enclosed internal space and so on. Here, road segment model is proposed to determine smallest road segment covering possible rescue ways. Other than traditional optimal search methods, modified reinforcement‐leaning is introduced to find the optimal road trajectory. The proposed methods are tested in the freeway of Qinling Tunnel group, Xihan Freeway of Shaanxi province, China as a case study. Compared with traditional shortest path method, the rescue vehicle arrival time to the accident location is shortened from 22.9 to 6.5 min and dissipation time is also shortened from 52.4 to 25.6 min. Both of them show the proposed road trajectory could improve the rescue effectiveness and reduce the influence to road network. Successful application of these case study shows they could probably extend to use to other scenarios and contribute to improve the intelligence transportation system.
Sustainable development in the model of an integrated system of public education, creativity and humanistic learning
Authors: Tymoshenko Yurii , Palamarchuk Olha , Iehupov Mykola , Dovbenko Tetyana 
Published: June 2021

In the context of ensuring an effective strategy for sustainable development, it is necessary to consider that modern education is mainly focused on the theoretical type of scientific knowledge, on natural and engineering-technological models of thinking. At the same time, the theory of pedagogy is constantly debated and criticized by scientism. It is a term that doesn’t exist in the European countries - humanitarian or humanistic technologies - it is like wooden iron, because both the humanitarian and humanistic paradigms were formulated and spread as an alternative to the technological direction, starting from it. This is a contradiction within the theory. Another contradiction: despite the frontal critique of the school of knowledge and subject-centrism, in practice such a subject-oriented or psychologically-oriented approach remains dominant. As a result, in the minds of schoolchildren, students there is a mosaic of unrelated pieces of knowledge. Why do we hold such an approach so firmly? It is important to understand the reasons for this, otherwise we will not be able to find a practical way out of this situation, one criticism is not enough. This is not an internal pedagogical issue, but the convenience of management, external control over the activities of the education system, educational institution. Attempts to reform the pedagogical system constantly run into this circumstance, as pedagogy in its main part remains entirely state and regulated from the outside, no matter how much we talk about the partial autonomy of school, education, higher education.
The model of Waldorf pedagogy is still the only one that aims to transfer the experience of sustainable development in various fields comprehensively, that is, in its own way repeats the development of mankind in teaching. In Waldorf pedagogy, the component of responsibility is realized, for instance, through environmental education. It is necessary to perceive the activity as a part of the general activity. Freedom has a structure and necessarily includes a component of responsibility.
Steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis: a critical review of national and international guideline recommendations
Authors: Stange Eduard F. 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungEs gibt zahlreiche nationale und internationale Leitlinien zu chronisch entzündlichen
Darmerkrankungen, die auf vergleichbarer Evidenz sowie ähnlichen Prozeduren beruhen und
daher homogen sein sollten. In dieser kritischen Übersicht wurden die
Leitlinienempfehlungen aus Europa (ECCO), Deutschland, Großbritannien, Kanada, den USA
und Japan zur Therapie der steroidrefraktären Colitis ulcerosa verglichen. Die meisten
Leitlinien unterschieden zwischen moderater/schwerer (ambulanter) und
schwerer/fulminanter Colitis in der Klinik. Die Empfehlungen zur ersten Kategorie weisen
gravierende Unterschiede auf, während zur Behandlung des stationären Patienten
weitgehende Übereinstimmung herrscht. Verschiedene Erklärungen für die Inkonsistenzen
werden diskutiert.
Apgar Score and Risk of Cerebral Palsy in Preterm Infants: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Osredkar Damjan , Verdenik Ivan , Gergeli Anja Troha , Gersak Ksenija , Lucovnik Miha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA low Apgar score is associated with increased risk of cerebral palsy (CP) in term infants, while such association remains controversial in preterm neonates. The objective of this study was to assess association between 5-minute Apgar scores and CP in different subcategories of preterm birth based on gestational age. The Slovenian National Perinatal Information System was used to identify singleton children without congenital malformations live-born at 22 to 37 weeks of gestation between 2002 and 2010. Data were linked to the Slovenian Registry of Cerebral Palsy in children born between 2002 and 2010. CP was diagnosed at a minimum of 5 years of age. Of 11,924 children included, 241 (2.0%) died before discharge and 153 (1.3%) were diagnosed with CP. Five-minute Apgar scores <7 were significantly associated with higher risk of death or CP (compared with scores ≥9) at all preterm gestations. CP alone was associated with Apgar scores <7 only at moderately or late preterm gestation (32–36 weeks) (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 8.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.87–36.64 for scores 0–4 and aRR: 4.96; 95% CI 1.89–13.06 for scores 5–6). In conclusion, a low 5-minute Apgar score was associated with combined outcome of neonatal death or CP in all preterm births, while in surviving preterm infants at >32 weeks a low 5-minute Apgar score was associated with CP.
An Unusual Presentation of Hydatid Disease in a Child: A Case Report
Authors: El Haissoufi Kamal , Ammor Abdelouhab , Kamaoui Imane , Benhaddou Houssain 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe subcutaneous localization of the hydatid cyst in the abdominal wall is rarely encountered particularly in the pediatric population and is sometimes difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Here, we report the case of a 6-year-old boy who presented with two isolated episodes of low abundant hemoptysis and in whom a mass on the right lumbar region already considered as a lipoma was studied. Laboratory and radiological examinations were requested and the parietal cyst was surgically managed. The macroscopic and the pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of the hydatid disease and helped in identifying the nature of the thoracic lesion that disappeared spontaneously after two episodes of hydatid vomiting. Hydatid cyst should be considered as a diagnosis for any masses of the abdominal wall. Moreover, biopsy and partial resection of the mass must be avoided.
Carcinoma Lung Presenting with Skeletal Muscle Metastasis: Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Lalchandani Ankit , Shukla Yogeshwar , Parwez Mohammad Masoom , Kumar Vinay 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLung cancers usually present very late with distant metastasis, thereby carrying a poor prognosis. Metastasis at unusual sites such as extremity musculature does create a diagnostic challenge. This leads to delay in diagnosis and treatment initiation and further worsens the prognosis of the patient. Not many cases have been reported as of now and no standard guidelines are available regarding clinical approach in such cases. We have presented one of such cases to emphasize on importance of early detection and differentiation of such lesions from primary soft tissue malignancies.
Translation in the making: how older people engaged in a randomised controlled trial on lifestyle changes apply medical knowledge in their everyday lives
Authors: Jespersen Astrid P. , Lassen Aske Juul , Schjeldal Thorvald Winsløw 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA recurring discussion in recent health studies relates to knowledge translation (KT), which deals with the questions of how to ensure and measure the uptake of knowledge from one medical situation to another and of how to move the right form of knowledge from one situation to another. Recently, however, this way of understanding KT has received criticism for presenting too basic an understanding of knowledge and not fully grasping the potential of the term translation. Based on qualitative material from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) and a follow-up study, this article takes the current discussion of KT one step further, focussing on how KT happens among healthy citizens participating in a lifestyle intervention. The overall argument is that even current critical understandings of KT often ignore the fact that the translation of medical knowledge does not stop at the clinical encounter but extends into the everyday health practices of the population. A more nuanced understanding of how and in which forms medical knowledge is adopted by people in their everyday health practices will give new insights into the complex mechanisms of KT and the encounter between medical knowledge and practice and everyday life. Hence, this article discuss how knowledge from a clinical trial—focussing on muscular training and increased protein intake—is translated into meaningful health practices. The article concludes the following points: First, constant, and often precarious, work is required to maintain the content of ‘medical knowledge’ in a complex social order. Second, focussing on translation work in everyday life emphasises that KT is an open-ended process, wherein the medical object of knowledge is contested and renegotiated and needs alliances with other objects of knowledge in order to remain relevant. Last, from an everyday life perspective, medical knowledge is just one rationale making up the fabric of people’s health practices; other rationales, such as time, feasibility, logistics and social relations, are just as relevant in determining how and why people pursue healthy living or comply with a medical regimen. CALM trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02034760. Registered on 10 January 2014; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02115698. Registered on 14 April 2014; Danish regional committee of the Capital Region H-4-2013-070. Registered on 4 July 2013; Danish Data Protection Agency 2012-58-0004–BBH-2015-001 I-Suite 03432. Registered on 9 January 2015.
Terahertz near-field nanoscopy based on detectorless laser feedback interferometry under different feedback regimes
Authors: Pogna Eva A. A. , Silvestri Carlo , Columbo Lorenzo L. , Brambilla Massimo , Scamarcio Gaetano , Vitiello Miriam S. 
Published: June 2021

Near-field imaging techniques, at terahertz frequencies (1–10 THz), conventionally rely on bulky laser sources and detectors. Here, we employ a semiconductor heterostructure laser as a THz source and, simultaneously, as a phase-sensitive detector, exploiting optical feedback interferometry combined with scattering near-field nanoscopy. We analyze the amplitude and phase sensitivity of the proposed technique as a function of the laser driving current and of the feedback attenuation, discussing the operational conditions ideal to optimize the nano-imaging contrast and the phase sensitivity. As a targeted nanomaterial, we exploit a thin (39 nm) flake of Bi2Te2.2Se0.8, a topological insulator having infrared active optical phonon modes. The self-mixing interference fringes are analyzed within the Lang–Kobayashi formalism to rationalize the observed variations as a function of Acket’s parameter C in the full range of weak feedback (C &lt; 1).
Long-lived Ag106+ luminescence and a split DNA scaffold
Authors: Petty Jeffrey T. , Carnahan Savannah , Kim Dahye , Lewis David 
Published: June 2021

Molecular silver clusters emit across the visible to near-infrared, and specific chromophores can be formed using DNA strands. We study C4AC4TC3G that selectively coordinates and encapsulates Ag106+, and this chromophore has two distinct electronic transitions. The green emission is strong and prompt with ϕ = 18% and τ = 1.25 ns, and the near-infrared luminescence is weaker, slower with τ = 50 µs, and is partly quenched by oxygen, suggesting phosphorescence. This lifetime can be modulated by the DNA host, and we consider two derivatives of C4AC4TC3G with similar sequences but distinct structures. In one variant, thymine was excised to create an abasic gap in an otherwise intact strand. In the other, the covalent phosphate linkage was removed to split the DNA scaffold into two fragments. In relation to the contiguous strands, the broken template speeds the luminescence decay by twofold, and this difference may be due to greater DNA flexibility. These modifications suggest that a DNA can be structurally tuned to modulate metastable electronic states in its silver cluster adducts.