bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF DISTANCE LEARNING ON THE ACADEMIC MOTIVATION OF STUDENTS FROM SPECIALTIES IN THE FIELD OF ARTS
Authors: Babakova Liliya , Kolovska Tsvetana , Konstantinidu Konstantina 
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the problem of the impact of distance learning on the motivation to learn in students studying arts. Learning arts such as music, dance, and fine arts via distance learning is proving to be a real challenge for students and teachers. The aim of the present study is to determine how distance learning affects the learning motivation of students studying art at the university.
Method: a questionnaire for measuring academic motivation and a modified scale for measuring students' engagement in online learning, and a survey.
Sample: 109 students from first to fourth-year in university, studying specialties related to music, fine arts and dance
Results: The results showed that distance learning did not prove to be a major obstacle in establishing the learning material, but students who are internally motivated to learn prefer traditional learning. The main difficulties in distance learning turned out to be technical - the use of too many and different learning platforms, lack of a good internet connection, organizational - time management difficulties, easy distraction and psychological factors such – overwhelming written information, the high demands of the teachers, and a lack of social exchange. Correlation analysis found that students who prefer traditional education have a high intrinsic motivation to study art-related disciplines. ANOVA did not establish statistically significant differences in the factors, course and specialty.
MULTIMEDIA PRESENTATIONS AND TEACHING ABOUT THE WORLD AROUND US, MAN AND NATURE, AND MAN AND SOCIETY IN GRADES 1 - 4
Authors: Ivanova Vanya 
Published: November 2021

The article aims to justify and elucidate the role of multimedia presentations in learning about the world around us. Multimedia presentations accompany early training aimed at the child's natural and social environment. They are systematically used due to the visual nature of the predominant learning material, which quite often combines illustrative and educational functions.
This article focuses on the didactic use of presentations in lessons and its methodology. The objective of this research is to establish which didactic tasks are performed with the help of multimedia presentations in lessons.
The results in the areas studied show that there is no single unified method for using multimedia presentations in the lessons on the surrounding world. In practice, different approaches are used, which, in some cases, are incompatible with the traditional teaching procedure.
IMPACT OF DISTANCE LEARNING ON THE MOTOR ABILITIES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL-AGED PUPILS
Authors: Zheleva-Terzieva Donka 
Published: November 2021

The article compares the results of motor strength tests of primary school students to establish the impact of distance learning imposed by the authorities in the Republic of Bulgaria at the end of 2020 in order to limit the spread of COVID-19. The purpose of the present study is to determine whether educational tools affect the motor abilities of students. To achieve this goal, motor tests are conducted at the beginning of the school year and after the end of the online training.
Methods: The empirical methods used are tests to assess physical performance by jumping from a place with two legs to measure the explosive power of the lower limbs and throwing a solid ball to measure the explosive power of the upper limbs, shoulder girdle, and abdominal muscles. The statistical methods are the relative values ​​of the structure – an absolute sum of the structural differences and integral coefficient of structural differences, as well as correlation and comparative analyzes.
Findings and results: The results of the experiment show that the strength achievements of students are not affected by the type of training.
DETERMINAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT ASIA DARI SISI KUALITAS INSTITUSI DAN INDIKATOR EKONOMI
Authors: Pramuji Saraswati Dyah , Sugiarto  
Published: November 2021

Asia diharapkan menjadi pemimpin ekonomi dunia beberapa tahun ke depan. Namun, kenyataannya kesejahteraan masyarakat Asia masih jauh dari harapan sehingga menjadi tantangan yang perlu dihadapi dalam pembangunan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh efisiensi pengeluaran pemerintah, indeks persepsi korupsi, ekspor, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflow, dan jumlah tenaga kerja terhadap PDB per kapita sebagai indikator kesejahteraan ekonomi di Asia tahun 2012-2016. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah data envelopment analysis (DEA) dan regresi data panel. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa variabel efisiensi pengeluaran pemerintah, indeks persepsi korupsi, ekspor, dan jumlah angkatan kerja berpengaruh signifikan (tingkat signifikansi 5%) dengan arah pengaruh positif pada PDB per kapita, sementara FDI inflow tidak berpengaruh.
Analisis Pengaruh Kebijakan Bank Konvensional terhadap Tingkat Keuntungan Bank Syariah
Authors: Adina Astasia  , Faeni You Ari 
Published: November 2021

Perkembangan perbankan syariah di Indonesia sangat pesat beberapa tahun belakangan ini. Namun, market share perbankan syariah masih jauh di bawah harapan. Kajian-kajian teori sebelumnya menyatakan bahwa lingkungan persaingan antar bank, dalam hal ini bank konvensional dan bank syariah, sangat mempengaruhi kinerja bank syariah. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh kebijakan bank konvensional yang digambarkan dengan tingkat suku bunga (SB) terhadap keuntungan bank syariah yang digambarkan dengan Return on Assets (ROA). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Vector Autoregressive (VAR) dengan tambahan analisis Impulse Response Function (IRF) dan Variance Decomposition Analysis (VDC). Hasil analisis menggunakan VAR (1) menyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh negatif signifikan pada ) jika terjadi shock pada tingkat suku bunga tabungan bank konvensional (SB). Kondisi ini sejalan dengan hasil penelitian Haron dan Ahmad (2000); Haron (2004), serta Zainol dan Kassim (2012) yang mengemukakan bahwa apabila tingkat suku bunga tabungan bank konvensional meningkat, maka nasabah bank syariah akan beralih ke bank kovensional yang dianggap memberikan keuntungan lebih besar, sehingga keuntungan bank syariah mengalami penurunan. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua konsumen bank syariah merupakan konsumen yang loyalis, perbankan syariah dituntut bertindak rasional, yaitu dengan cara menetapkan tingkat bagi hasil yang kompetitif terhadap tingkat suku bunga bank konvensional.
Evaluation of the Disintegrant Properties of Silicified

Oryza sativa Starch Co-Processed with

Dioscorea dumentorum Starch in Directly Compressed Paracetamol Tablet Formulations
Authors: Dzever Joy , Adewale  Adetunji Oladapo 
Published: November 2021

Starch is a readily available excipient which finds application in the pharmaceutical industry as binders, diluents and disintegrants. The use of starch is however limited by its poor flow characteristics. Co-processing exploits the desirable attributes of excipients, while masking the undesirable properties. Co-processed starch, thus presents great potential for use in formulation of directly compressed tablets which require materials with strong inherent cohesive and free flowing properties. In this study, Dioscorea dumentorum (Family: Dioscoreaceae) Starch (DdS) is co-processed with silicified rice starch (SRS) obtained from Oryza sativa; Family: Poaceae was incorporated as a disintegrant in directly compressed paracetamol tablet formulations in comparison with silicified rice starch and Avicel® as the official standard.
Rice and DdS were extracted following standard procedures. The rice starch was silicified using colloidal silicon dioxide and co-processed with DdS in the ratio SRS:DdS (1:2). The DdS, SRS and SRS:DdS (1:2) were characterized using FTIR, particle size, angle of repose, bulk and tapped densities, Hausner ratio and Carr’s index. Paracetamol powder was directly compressed into tablets incorporating the co-processed excipient (SRS:DdS; 1:2) as disintegrants alongside Avicel®, SRS and DdS at varying concentrations (10% w/w, 15% w/w, 20% w/w, 25% w/w). The properties of the tablets were evaluated using friability, crushing strength and disintegration as the assessment parameters. Measurements were made in triplicates and the results were statistically analyzed.
The yield of the starches was 41% w/w and 39% w/w for rice starch and DdS respectively. Silicifying the rice starch markedly improved the flow of the starch with a change of Carr’s index and Hausner ratio from 16.7 and 1.32 to 2.33 and 1.02 respectively. Tablets containing Avicel® had better crushing strength and friability values than those containing SRS: 2DdS at all disintegrant concentrations. The disintegration times for Avicel® and SRS: DdS compared favourably at all concentrations of disintegrant and at 15% w/w disintegrant, SRS: DdS showed better disintegrant properties than Avicel®.
THE ROLE OF INDONESIAN LANGUAGE TEACHERS TO FAMILIARIZE THEMSELVES WITH THE POSITIVE CHARACTER AT MI AL-IHSAN MEDARI SLEMAN
Authors: Wildan Nuril Ahmad Fauzi  , Muqowim  
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to know the role of Indonesian teachers in familiarizing the positive character in MI Al-Ihsan Medi. The methods in this study use qualitative with this type of case study. Data and data sources in this study include basic data and supporting data collection techniques in this study, using interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis technique with data reduction, data presentation and withdrawal of conclusions (verification). Checking the validity of data using triangulation. The results of the study concluded that the role of Indonesian teachers when familiarizing the behaviour of positive character in the school is, first the teacher domiciled into someone who caused the change. The teaching of a teacher as a figure is being drafted and imitated, because the teacher is a mirror for the development of students ' character education. The two teachers must continue to revive the spirit and ability of the learners. All three teachers are able to unleash the potential of their own learners. The four teachers must be able to teach the learning that contains the character and contain activities on the stage of the deers, reading, writing, and speaking, so that the learners can know the qualities that have themselves.
Categories in Topics I 9: A New Plea For a Traditional Interpretation
Authors: Fait Paolo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The list of katēgoriai presented at the start of Top. I 9 was traditionally interpreted as a version of the canonical Aristotelian list of categories, and as largely equivalent to the list we find in Categories 4. Accordingly, its first item, the ‘what it is’, was identified with the category of substance. This interpretation has been challenged by several scholars, all sharing the view that the ‘what it is’ in Top. I 9 cannot be substance, since it collects items belonging to all Aristotelian categories (e. g. human being, colour, length). Rather, they say, it is a manner of predication – i. e. essential predication – and can only determine an ontologically miscellaneous class of items. Against this family of proposals, I argue afresh that the traditional interpretation is almost entirely correct. To this purpose, I take advantage of the distinction between kinds of predicate and kinds of predication.
„Wir Nichtgnostiker“: Die Hitler-Engelhardt-Parallele in Christian Krachts Imperium
Authors: Feldhaus Stephan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In 2012 Georg Diez provoked a literary scandal with his review of Christian Kracht’s novel Imperium. Since then, almost ninety informed studies which show an ongoing academic interest in the book have been published. Many of these studies attempted to explain the apparently failing analogy between Hitler and Engelhardt that the novel claimed in an irritating manner. Nevertheless, none of them took an esoteric approach which Kracht himself suggested in an interview with Denis Scheck as a starting point for their analyses, although esoteric references seem to be an ignored constant in Kracht’s oeuvre since Tristesse Royale. Hence, by tracing this esoteric intertextuality in the whole of Kracht’s oeuvre and linking it to the references which Kracht makes to right-wing ideologies since Faserland, it will be shown that there actually does exist an analogy between Hitler and Engelhardt in Imperium which aims to deconstruct Hitler mythemes by ridiculizing Engelhardt. Furthermore, it will be demonstrated that the interrelations between Kracht’s texts create a rhizomatic network of intertextuality that dissolves the boarders between external references and self-references.
Coagulation parameters in the newborn and infant – the Copenhagen Baby Heart and COMPARE studies
Authors: Nielsen Sofie Taageby , Strandkjær Nina , Juul Rasmussen Ida , Hansen Malene Kongsgaard , Lytsen Rikke Mohr , Kamstrup Pia R. , Rode Line , Goetze Jens P. , Iversen Kasper , Bundgaard Henning , Frikke-Schmidt Ruth 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The coagulation system is not fully developed at birth and matures during the first months of infancy, complicating clinical decision making within hemostasis. This study evaluates coagulation parameters at birth and two months after birth, and tests whether cord blood can be used as a proxy for neonatal venous blood measurements.

Methods
The Copenhagen Baby Heart Study (CBHS) and the COMPARE study comprise 13,237 cord blood samples and 444 parallel neonatal venous blood samples, with a two month follow-up in 362 children.

Results
Because coagulation parameters differed according to gestational age (GA), all analyses were stratified by GA. For neonatal venous blood, reference intervals for activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) were 28–43 s and 33–61% for GA 37–39 and 24–38 s and 30–65% for GA 40–42. Reference intervals for international normalized ratio (INR) and thrombocyte count were 1.1–1.7 and 194–409 × 109/L for GA 37–39 and 1.2–1.8 and 188–433 × 109/L for GA 40–42. Correlation coefficients between umbilical cord and neonatal venous blood for APTT, PT, INR, and thrombocyte count were 0.68, 0.72, 0.69, and 0.77 respectively, and the distributions of the parameters did not differ between the two types of blood (all p-values>0.05).

Conclusions
This study describes new GA dependent reference intervals for common coagulation parameters in newborns and suggests that cord blood may serve as a proxy for neonatal venous blood for these traits. Such data will likely improve clinical decision making within hemostasis among newborn and infant children.
God, Man, and Nature: Life for Reason and the Reason Behind the Universe – A Panentheistic Approach to Life of Pi
Authors: Edman Timucin Bugra , Gozen Hacer 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article intends to lay out a comparative study of Karma philosophy and literature scrutinizing Yann Martel’s novel Life of Pi through a panentheistic approach. Because Karma is one of the predominant philosophies in the novel and permeates the general atmosphere, this article intends to scrutinize Yann Martel’s novel Life of Pi through a panentheistic approach. Although karma is a very complex issue, since anyone committing evil acts can claim to be a mere agent of karma delivering punishment to others for sins they committed in their past lives, it is true that according to karma, our actions have consequences which affect the entirety of our lives, and this can also be seen as free will. Yet while this approach tends to focus on the action and reaction mechanisms of life, the flow of life in the universe should still be carefully contemplated, since if we believe the first story, Pi’s survival not only depends on his choices, but also on the opportunities that the universe offers him. In that sense, if we are to accept God as the soul of the universe, then the universal spirit must be omnipresent and omnipotent while also capable of transforming into anything in terms of s panentheistic approach. Thus God, being greater than the universe, is the ultimate force that balances everything, and is also the biggest karma controller. For this reason, this article analyzes Life of Pi from both inductive and deductive slants to demonstrate that all roads lead to God, the omniscient.
Hydro-liquefaction of asphaltene catalyzed by molybdenum-nickel bimetallic catalysts in slurry bed
Authors: Wu Mengde , Li Guangci , Lu Mohong , Li Mingshi , Li Xuebing , Chung Keng , Chen Song 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study is to achieve the hydro-liquefaction of asphaltene for the production of liquid fuel. The oil soluble molybdenum catalysts, molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate, and nickel carboxylate precursor with different carbon chains, were synthesized. The catalysts were characterized by ICP-OES, TEM and XPS. Their catalytic performance for the hydro-liquefaction of asphaltene to liquid fuels was investigated in a slurry bed reactor by using decalin as hydrogen donor and dispersant. The results show that the bimetal catalytic system composed of molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate and caproic acid nickel produces more MoS2 and NiS
x
active species. The metal contents of which accounts for 81.8 and 81.0 wt% of the total amount of Mo and Ni, respectively, and thus exhibits the best catalytic performance among the catalysts studied. The liquid yield of the asphaltene hydrogenation over the bimetal catalyst is 84.6 wt%, which is much higher than that over other catalysts, and the coke content is only 8.6 wt% under the conditions of 1000 μg/g of total metal addition, 1:1 Mo/Ni metal mass ratio and 1:1 asphaltene/naphthalene mass ratio. The content of saturated and aromatic components in the liquid products of asphaltene hydrogenation of the bimetal catalyst system is 78.9 wt%, which is a high-quality liquid fuel component.
Book Review: Industrial green chemistry, Editors: Serge Kaliaguine and Jean-Luc Dubois
Authors: de Lasa Hugo I. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The book Industrial Green Chemistry, recently published by De Gruyter and co-edited by Serge Kaliaguine and Jean-Luc Dubois, provides several valuable examples of sustainable green chemical processes being developed today. The ten-chapter multi-author book, led by these two reputable researchers, opens a stimulating debate for the scientific community, bringing into focus new perspectives on green chemistry, by describing opportunities for sustainable chemical processes.
Improved in-vitro biocompatibility of LZ91 Mg–Li alloy by formation of nanostructured Ti coating through surface mechanical nano-alloying treatment
Authors: Sun Jian , Zhu Xiangcun , Chen Zhuo , Li Yi , Zhang Yonghong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Surface mechanical nano-alloying treatment (SMNAT) was employed to fabricate a nanostructured Ti coating on LZ91 Mg–Li alloy. Microstructure, surface hardness and in-vitro biocompatibility of the Ti-coated sample were investigated in comparison with those of an untreated sample. Experimental results showed that a nanostructured Ti coating with a thickness of 35 to 60 μm was formed after SMNAT for 2 h. The average grain size in the top surface of the Ti coating was about 30 nm. The surface of the Ti coating is rougher than that of the untreated LZ91 sample, in which the values of Ra, Rq and Rz were 7.83, 9.57 and 14.85 μm, respectively. The hardness of the Ti coating top surface was about 483 HV. Cell proliferation and differentiation on Ti coated samples were enhanced relative to those on the untreated samples.
“Robbery Made the Kingdom of Italy, Misery Will Unmake It”
Authors: Chiaruttini Maria Stella 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This contribution analyses the nineteenth-century debate on one of the most hotly debated topics of Italian history: public debt and taxation. Starting in the 1850s, fiscal policies were weaponised by liberal nationalist elites and their opponents alike to promote their contrary worldviews by arguing over the merits of national unification and a parliamentary system on the basis of their fiscal outcomes. First Piedmont, then unified Italy, were eagerly expected by Catholics and Bourbon legitimists to default on their debts as a result of their moral and fiscal profligacy, while liberals were concerned about popular support for the national cause in a context of rising taxes. Southern Italy in particular was very vocal in denouncing its perceived fiscal mistreatment by the Italian government, an accusation the North rejected by portraying Southerners as unpatriotic tax evaders. Today, these narratives are re-emerging not only in public debates questioning the Risorgimento as the nation’s founding myth but also in the discourse about European integration.
Wann ist ein Unternehmen profitabel?
Authors: Hecker Christian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper analyses how the profitability of public companies in the Federal Republic of Germany has been measured since the 1950s and under which conditions corporations were considered successful. For this purpose, textbooks and arguments of leading business economists, speeches and publications of managing directors and companies’ annual reports are surveyed, in order to identify trends and policy changes. The paper demonstrates that the introduction of shareholder value approaches, based on financial market data, in the 1990s led to a fundamental change in management practices, connected to innovative financial accounting techniques. Since then, companies’ profitability has been assessed in relation to benchmarks derived from financial market data. Financial markets thus became increasingly relevant for decisionmaking processes in the real economy.
Complementary frequency selective surface pair-based intelligent spatial filters for 5G wireless systems
Authors: Kapoor Ankush , Mishra Ranjan , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFrequency selective surface (FSS)-based intelligent spatial filters are capturing the eyes of the researchers by offering a dynamic behavior when exposed to the electromagnetic radiations. In this manuscript, a concept of creating complementary structures which stems from Babinet’s principle is illustrated. A hybrid complementary pair of FSS (CPFSS) comprising double square loop FSS (DSLFSS) and double square slot FSS (DSSFSS) on either side of the dielectric substrate is proposed. DSLFSS offers band-pass behavior and can be placed as a superstrate, whereas DSSFSS behaves as a band-stop intelligent spatial filter that blocks the radiations falling on it, thus making them applicable for use as a substrate. The technique utilized for analyzing DSLFSS and DSSFSS structures is based on the equivalent circuit modeling and transmission line methodology. The CPFSS structure offers the design simplicity, hence, suitable for placing them with the printed patch antenna radiators in wireless networking devices operating in sub-6 GHz 5G spectrum. DSLFSS offers band-pass behavior ranging from 2.99 to 5.56 GHz, whereas DSSFSS offers band-stop behavior ranging from 2.85 to 5.42 GHz covering all n77 (3.3–4.2 GHz), n78 (3.3–3.8 GHz), and n79 (4.4–5 GHz) bands of FR1 spectrum of sub-6 GHz 5G range. The passband and the stopband offered by the two structures of CPFSS geometry are stable to oblique angles of incidence and the proposed design also offers polarization-independent behavior. The thickness of the dielectric region existing within the pair of designed structures is critical for the location of the passbands and the stopbands. The impact of the overall thickness of the dielectric substrate on the passbands and stopbands is also reported in this article.