bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISTIK PENAFSIRAN AL-QUR’AN DALAM TAFSIR AN-NUR DAN AL-AZHAR
Authors: Arifiah Dheanda Abshorina 
Published: August 2021

Tulian ini membahas dua kitab tafsir modern yakni Tafsir al-Azhar dan An-Nur dua kitab tafsir ini memiliki sisi keunikan dan keunggulan karena sama-sama bercorak tafsir ke indonesiaan. Tafsir Hasbi merupakan produk zaman dan masih harus melihat kesempurnaan-kesempurnaan lain pada zaman berikutnya. Artinya tafsir ini mentitikberatkan pada sejarah dan sebuah proses sejarah yang senantiasa mengalami transisi pada kurun waktu. Sedangkan Tafsir Al-Azhar memiliki langkah dan karakteristik yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan beberapa kitab tafsir modern-kontemporer. Metode, corak serta langkah penafsiran yang Hamka ambil dalam memahami al-Qur’an telah memperlihatkan kesungguhannya dalam membumikan al-Qur’an dalam kehidupan Islam Indonesia yang lebih nyata dan kontekstual.
The Balancing of Safflower Oil and Inositol to Intestinal Morphometric of Sentul Chicken
Authors: Albasheer Modawy Abdelgader , Iriyanti Ning , Ismoyowati Ismoyowati , Rimbawanto Efka Aris 
Published: August 2021

This study was aimed to evaluate the use of safflower oil (Carthamus tinctorius L) and inositol on the digestive profile of male Sentul chickens. A total of 182 Sentul chickens aged 17 weeks were reared up to 23 weeks in 91 units of battery cage (6 chickens/unit). The research was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with nine treatments and three replicates (6 chickens/replicate). The research treatments were R0 = control/ basal feed + 0% Safflower and 0% Inositol; R1 = Basal feed + 0.5% Safflower oil; R2 = Basal feed + 1.0% Safflower oil; R3 = Basal feed + 0.5% Inositol; R4 = Basal feed + 1.0% Inositol; R5 = Basal feed + 0.5% Safflower oil and 0.5% Inositol; R6 = Basal feed + 0.5% Safflower oil and 1.0% Inositol; R7 = Basal feed + 1.0% Safflower oil and 0.5% Inositol; R8 = Basal feed + 1.0% Safflower oil and 1.0% Inositol. Basal feed was composed of corn, rice bran, soybean kernel, fishmeal, palm oil, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), topmix, lysine, and methionine, as well as safflower oil (Carthamus tinctorius L) and inositol. The measured variable consists of digestive profile (the percentage of intestine weight, digesta, proventriculus, gizzard) and intestine length, crypt depth, the width and length of intestinal villi, Intestinal histology profile. The data were subjected to a statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) continued with an Honestly Significant Difference test (HSD). The result showed that incorporating safflower oil (Carthamus tinctorius L) and inositol into feed did not significantly affect (P>0.05) the digestive profile of Male Sentul chickens. Conclusively, safflower oil and inositol up to 1% in the feed are safe for male Sentul chickens without interfering with the performance of digestive organs because it produces relatively similar intestinal weight and length, crypt depth, as well as the length and width of intestinal villi.
Konsep Wasiat Wajibah dalam Tafsir Surat Al-Baqarah Ayat 180
Authors: Muhajir Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

<p><em>This article aims to explain the basic concept of obligatory based on the letter al-Baqarah verse 180. This study uses a statutory approach, a comparative law approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the basic concept of determining the mandatory will is actually of benefit or goodness with istiḥsān rules that allow the transfer of the law of kulli (general) to juz'i (particular). The assumption of good (istiḥsān) is essentially goodness which is supported by the textual norms of the verses of the Qur'an. Thus, giving a mandatory will to the granddaughters as happened in the Middle East is very maslaḥat (good), because they do not get an inheritance share. Likewise, giving mandatory wills to adopted children and non-Muslim heirs is considered good and the fulfillment of a sense of justice in their lives. This provision becomes a lex specialist to make a will during his life with a certain level.</em></p><p>Tulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan mengenai konsep dasar wajibah berdasarkan surat al-Baqarah ayat 180. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan perbandingan hukum dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep dasar penentuan wasiat wajibah sesungguhnya bernilai kemaslahatan atau kebaikan dengan kaidah istiḥsān yang memungkinkan pemindahan hukum kulli (umum) kepada juz’i (partikular). Anggapan baik <em>(istiḥsān)</em> hakikatnya ialah kebaikan yang ditunjang oleh norma-norma tekstual ayat al-Qur’an. Dengan demikian memberikan wasiat wajibah kepada para cucu pancar perempuan seperti yang terjadi di Timur Tengah sangatlah maslaḥat (baik), sebab mereka tidak memperoleh bagian waris. Demikian pula memberikan wasiat wajibah terhadap anak angkat dan ahli waris non muslim dipandang baik dan terpenuhinya rasa keadilan terhadap kehidupan mereka. Ketentuan tersebut menjadi <em>lex spesialis</em> untuk berwasiat semasa hidupnya dengan kadar tertentu.</p>
Experimental Investigation of Oil-Water Two-Phase Flow in Horizontal, Inclined, and Vertical Large-Diameter Pipes: Determination of Flow Patterns, Holdup, and Pressure Drop
Authors: Ganat Tarek , Hrairi Meftah , Gholami Raoof , Abouargub Taha , Motaei Eghbal 
Published: August 2021

Summary
Liquid-liquid phase flow in pipes merits further investigation as a challenging issue that has very rich physics and is faced in everyday applications. It is the main problem challenging the fluid flow mechanism in the oil and gas industry. The pressure gradient of liquid flow and flow pattern are still the topics of numerous research projects. In this paper, the emphasis is on further investigation to research the flow pattern, water holdup (HW), and pressure decrease for vertical, horizontal, and inclined flow directions of oil and water flows. Test section lines of 4.19-in. (106.426 mm) inner diameter (ID) and 5-m horizontal, 5-m inclined, and 5-m vertical test sections were serially connected. The experiments were conducted at 40°C using 2-cp viscosity oil and tap water, and oil density of 850 kg/m3, at the standard conditions. Fifty experiments were executed at 250 kPa at the multiphase flow test facility, with horizontal, upward (0.6° and 4°), downward (−0.6° and −4°) hilly terrain and vertical pipes. The oil and water superficial velocities were changed between 0.03 and 2 m/s. This evidence was obtained using video recordings; the flow patterns were observed, and the selection of each flow pattern was depicted for each condition. For horizontal and inclined flow, new flow patterns were documented (e.g., oil transfer in a line forms at the top of the pipeline, typically at high water rate, and water transfer at the lower part of the pipe at a high oil rate). The data were taken at each flow condition, resulting in new holdup and pressure drop. The results show that the flow rate and the pipe inclination angle have major impacts on the holdup and pressure drop performances. In the vertical flow, a clear peak was demonstrated by experiments after the superficial oil velocity reached a certain value. This peak is known as phase inversion point, where after this peak, the pressure starts declining as the superficial oil velocity increases. Also, slippage has been observed after varying inlet oil flow rates between the two phases. The experiments showed that with minor alteration in the inclination angle, the slippage was significantly changed. This study presented new experimental results (measured mainly at horizontal, inclined, and vertical flow conditions) of HW, flow pattern, and pressure drop. These findings are key evidence of the evolving oil-water and flowline estimate models.
Application of Acoustic Impedance and Reflectivity in Reservoir Characterization
Authors: Oifoghe Stanley , Obodozie Ikenna , Grigoletto Lucrecia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Well log analysis is one of the methods for reservoir characterization, in the oil and gas industry. Logs are used for subsurface formation evaluation. They are useful in hydrocarbon zone identification and volume calculation.
Interpretation of well log involves sequential steps, which are lithology, shale volume, porosity and saturation determination. It is unwise to analyze well log without following the logical steps, as this could introduce errors in the result. Petrophysical and Geomechanical properties are two classes of properties for reservoir characterization.
The computed volume of shale in the reservoir was 10%, the average water saturation was 30%, and the average porosity was 25pu. The bulk density decreased from 2.15g/cc to 1.95g/cc and there is a considerably lower acoustic impedance in the hydrocarbon bearing sands.
In challenging reservoirs, where traditional petrophysical methods do not give definitive results, the use of geomechanical methods will improve interpretation certainty and help to clear doubts in the interpreted results.
Estimating Fair Market Value of Petroleum Assets in Nigeria: A Risk-Based Approach
Authors: Ojukwu Kelechi , Iledare Omowumi , Ajienka Joseph , Dosunmu Adewale , Ibe Chidi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Many independent Nigerian oil & gas companies have emerged over the last decade out ofthe divestments of ageing petroleum assets by multinational oil companies. Thesetransactions are marked by pervasive cases of overvaluation and huge gap in offers that leadto unnecessarily high acquisition costs.
Petroleum analysts around the world adopt the Discounted Cashflow Analysis method forestimating present value of future oil production revenues. Unfortunately, project economicsusing conventional analysis does not de-risk the reserves components appropriately oraccount for the excess and political risk premiums. Even when analysts derive the NetPresent Value from conventional evaluation, say at discount rates of say 10% or 15%, theyface the dilemma of extracting offer price from that figure. Some post a conservative offerbased on 50% NPV, while others throw in all the NPV in a scheme to win the bid at all cost. Some also start by guesstimating value by rule of thumb and then offer the NPV that is leftbehind. The decision to offer a given percentage of the NPV is entirely subjective and variesamongst investors and as such does not depict a logical perception of market value, or therisks thereof. Furthermore, by omitting political risk, buyers are invariably ignoring the mostcrucial risk of all. The adoption of different bases of reserves tend to compound the problemby yielding NPVs that are few and far between each other. They are usually based on un-risked ‘proved plus probable’ (2P) reserves, which is highly speculative and unrealistic forvaluation.
For the first time, the concerns of high purchase price and offer gaps were debuggedleveraging the new Risk-Based Valuation approach which is based on a modified Discounted Cashflow model. A research deeply investigates the problems first by reconstructing originaltransaction to identify the root causes. Furthermore, the study concludes that buyers arepaying on average 4 times the value and that regulating reserves base is fundamental inorder to minimize offer gaps that sometimes tend to a billion dollars for large deals. Thus, the Risk-Based Discounted Cashflow Analysis technique can help prevent overpricing orunderpricing of Nigerian assets, minimize offer gaps in the market as well as account for theimpact of political risks (or its mitigation) in valuation.
Occupational Health and Safety Management and Employees’ Performance in Ardova Plc
Authors: Olagunju Olasunkanmi Olusogo , Andy Ejekwu Pascal 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The vital purpose of this research work is to examine the impacts of occupational health and safety management on employee's performance. It aims to investigate the nexus between the practice of OHS, safe working environment and performance of employees. The research work adopt a descriptive approach to scrutinize the contributions of provision of adequate health and safety equipment to performance of employees at Ardova Plc. Aside collecting primary data from the staffs of Ardova Plc in Lagos State cutting across diverse socio-economic class, simple random sampling was utilised in the study using 90 questionnaires to collect the primary data. However, descriptive data was therefore analyzed using Statistical Tool to show the Cross-tabulation, correlation and Chi-Square Test. The research study concludes that practice of occupational health and safety management can boost employee performance, and further suggest some policy recommendations.
Nigeria JV Onshore OHGP Recent Experience: Beyond Flawless Execution
Authors: Adegbulugbe Kayode , Ambakederemo Akunna , Elendu Chidi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
An oil producing swamp field, BX, is located in the coastal region of the western Niger Delta with an average water depth of 15 – 20 ft. The wells in the most recent development drilling campaign were designed as horizontal wells with critical well objective of meeting the target oil production rates with sand control. In order to achieve these goals, the sand control methodology deployed is the Open Hole Gravel Pack (OHGP) pumped through Concentric Annular Pack Screen (CAPS) system.
This completion methodology has similar comparisons to the AX field completions where 19 completions were successfully installed between 2016 and 2018. The lessons learnt from the AX campaign were implemented on the BX campaign and this contributed to the campaign's near-flawless completion execution evidenced by the world class operational excellence, very low Non-Productive Times (NPTs) best-in-class production performances with no sand production
However, the following opportunities were identified and implemented during the BX campaign focused on either increasing operational efficiency or preventing post-completion productivity impairment:Elimination of slickline required for tubing test operations by incorporating a "RH" catcher sub into the completion designPerforming required analysis and implementing procedural change to ensure that the change from WBM to NAF does not compromise completion performance due to the presence of reactive shales intervals encountered in the lateralDeveloping and implementing an enhanced fluid loss protocol to address the fluid loss event in one of the BX well that prevented the execution of OHGP pumping operation in the well.
The implementation of these opportunities contributed significantly to the continued consistent delivery of superior completions performance in the BX field. This paper aims to provide a background to these opportunities and highlights the steps and processes that were applied to ensure their flawless implementation.
Development of Injectivity Decline Modelling Tool: A Case Study of Onshore Niger Delta Produced Water Re-Injection Project
Authors: John Udeme , Itotoi Ibi-Ada , Isah Adeiza , Odiete Anita , Utunedi Erome , Mohamma Musa , Ikhuehi Martins 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The largest component of operating costs in most matured assets utilizing 3rd party evacuation infrastructure is crude handling charges. In mature fields with significant water production, water volumes could easily account for over half of crude handling costs. Produced water re-injection for disposal has become a popular strategy for optimizing liquid handling cost as well as supporting environmental responsibility.
Injectivity for water disposal wells have been demonstrated to decline with time, the most common factor being permeability reduction arising mostly from fines migration, suspended and dissolved solids in injected water, microbial activities, oil in water and cation concentrations, etc. Thus, Injection wells typically require intermittent stimulation to restore or improve injectivity. Fracturing has been demonstrated to prolong injectivity. However, sustainability is greatly affected by ability to keep fractures open after shut-ins and limited by environmental regulations. Understanding the key mechanisms that lead to injectivity decline will help optimize produced water reinjection systems, enable proactive intervention planning, thus improve injectivity and well availability.
In this work we present the development of an injectivity modelling and simulation tool called IDS based on relatively recent injectivity models. Testing and validation of the tool using standard data and an active onshore Niger-Delta Produced Water Reinjection Project as a case study are presented.
An outstanding feature of this simulator is its ability to estimate missing parameters or those whose values are not known to high fidelity via history matching. The resulting nonlinear regression problem is solved using a trust-region reflective approach.
Decline mechanism regression parameters were similar for a well that had multiple injection periods. Transition time from deep bed to external cake is very sensitive to Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in injected water. Injectivity half-life could increase by as much as 100% for about a 100% drop in mean TSS concentration. The IDS tool was used to predict the injectivity half-life of Well A in the water disposal project.
Produced Water Re-Injection: An Integrated Subsurface Approach to Planning and Execution for Downhole Produced Water Disposal in the Niger Delta
Authors: Itotoi Ibi-Ada , Gbadamosi Taju , Ihwiwhu Christian , John Udeme , Odiete Anita , Okoro Precious , Ndubueze Maduabuchi , Utunedi Erome , Awujoola Adedeji , Adesanya Sola 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Low oil price and increased environmental regulations presents a new frontier for many indigenous oil and gas companies in Nigeria. In mature fields with significant water production, produced water treatment and handling could easily account for up to a third of OPEX.
Underground produced water disposal is a tested approach that has been used worldwide with mixed results. Studies have been published on the subject; however, it was observed that there were no Niger Delta case studies. This paper presents SEPLAT's subsurface approach to in-field water disposal, drawing upon geological and petroleum engineering analysis coupled with learnings from over 6 years of produced water re-injection experience. Some of the areas that will be discussed include reservoir selection/screening methodology, water quality impact on permeability, produced water disposal well selection/completion, operating philosophy, general surveillance, and basic separation requirements.
Thirteen reservoirs located within 2 proximal fields were screened for suitability and ranked as possible candidates for water disposal based on 8 criteria. The best 2 were then high-graded and detailed studies carried out, spanning detailed geological characterization for reservoir quality and connectivity (including quantitative interpretation), to dynamic simulation, injection well location optimization and performance prediction (for clean water). The results of core flood tests were incorporated.
It is recommended that total suspended solids should not exceed 5 mg/L, with a maximum of 5 microns particle size, under matrix injection conditions while oil content should be limited to below 30-50 ppm. Tolerance for TSS can be relaxed to 10ppm – 50ppm at fracturing conditions, depending on the reservoir parameters and process systems. The knowledge of these parameters should drive the technology selection for optimum water treatment and injection.
A Practical Approach to Energy Optimization Using Pinch Analysis: A Case Study of an Oil Refinery
Authors: Ndunagu Paschal Uzoma , Alaike Emeka Emmanuel , Megueptchie Theophile 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to perform an energy optimization study using pinch analysis on the Heat Exchanger Network (HEN) of a Crude Distillation Unit to maximum heat recovery, minimize energy consumption and increase refining margin. The heat exchanger network (HEN) considered comprises exchangers from the pre-heat section of the atmospheric distillation unit, which recovers heat from the product streams to incrementally heat the crude oil feed stream before entering the furnace. This paper illustrates how to perform a detailed HEN retrofitting study using an established design method known as Pinch Analysis to reduce the operating cost by increasing energy savings of the HEN of an existing complex refinery of moderate capacity. Analysis and optimization were carried out on the HEN of the CDU consist a total of 19 heat exchangers which include: process to process (P2P) heat exchangers, heaters and coolers. In the analysis, different feasible retrofit scenarios were generated using the pinch analysis approach. The retrofit designs included the addition of new heat exchangers, rearrangement of heat exchanger (re-sequencing) and re-piping of existing exchangers. Aspen Hysys V9 was used to simulate the CDU and Aspen Energy Analyser was used to perform pinch analysis on the HEN of the pre-heat train. Several retrofit scenarios were generated, the optimum retrofit solution was a trade-off between the capital cost of increasing heat exchanger surface area, payback time, energy / operating cost savings of hot and cold utilities. Results indicated that by rearrangement (Re-sequencing), the pre-heat train can reduce hot (fired heat) and cold (air and cooling water) utilities consumption to improve energy savings by 8% which includes savings on fired heat of about 4.6 MW for a payback period of 2 years on capital investment. The results generated were based on a ΔTmin of 10°C and pinch temperature of 46.3°C. Initial sensitivity analysis on the ΔTmin indicated that variation of total cost index is quite sensitive and increases with increase in ΔTmin at the temperature range of 14.5-30°C, however total cost index remains constant and minimal at a temperature range between 10°C-14.5°C for the CDU preheat train under study. In addition, the implementation of the optimum retrofit result is straightforward and feasible with minimum changes to the existing base case/design.
Innovativeness of Marginal Field Operators in Niger Delta Region
Authors: Oruwari Humphrey Otombosoba 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Extant literature strongly suggest that marginal oil field operators are vital to economic growth and social development. The conjecture is that marginal field operators need to be nimble and innovative in order to survive, and this form the basic premise for this study. The objective of the study is to investigate the role of innovation as one of the success factors formarginal oil field development in Niger Delta region. The study methodology involved literature review and multiple level case study of operating marginal fields which demonstrated that innovation can bring about efficiency and cost reduction. The innovation facilitates the utilization of competitiveness and cluster system to transform the marginal field development to wealth creation. The study among other recommends that the Niger Delta region should be given urgent attention for the development of comprehensive infrastructure in order to transform the marginal field development into competitive oil and gas business.