bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sesamin exerts anti‐tumor activity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via inhibition of TRIM44 and NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Wen Linchun , Mao Weimin , Xu Lu , Cai Beibei , Gu Liying 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTripartite motif‐containing 44 (TRIM44) is known to play an oncogenic role in multiple human cancers, including esophageal cancer. Sesamin possesses potent anti‐inflammatory and anti‐cancer properties for various cancers. This study is designed to unravel the biological functions of sesamin and TRIM44 in esophageal cancer. TRIM44 expression in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) cell lines and tissues was determined by RT‐qPCR assay and Western blot. The effects of sesamin and TRIM44 on ESCC cell growth in vivo and in vitro were assessed by the mouse model and CCK‐8 assay, respectively. We found that TRIM44 was significantly upregulated in ESCC cell lines and tissues when compared to their counterparts. Sesamin treatment or depletion of TRIM44 markedly reduced ESCC cell proliferation. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) and toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway may be involved in sesamin‐mediated TRIM44 suppression. Finally, we showed that oral administration of sesamin dramatically inhibited tumor growth or ESCC in nude mice. Our results suggest that sesamin exerts anti‐tumor activity in ESCC via inhibition of NF‐κB signaling pathway, demonstrating its potential for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
Adult oral health‐related quality of life instruments: A systematic review
Authors: Riva Fedrico , Seoane Mariana , Reichenheim Michael Eduardo , Tsakos Georgios , Celeste Roger Keller 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo identify the existing OHRQoL instruments for adults, describe their scope (generic or specific), theoretical background, validation type and cross‐cultural adaptation.MethodsA systematic search was conducted, and articles presenting validation of OHRQoL instruments in adults were included. Data were collected about the validation type: external validation (correlations/associations); or internal validation (factor analysis/principal components analysis, item response theory); and cross‐cultural adaptation.ResultsOf 3730 references identified, 326 were included reporting 392 studies. Forty‐two original instruments were found among 74 different versions, 40 generic and 34 condition‐specific. Locker's theoretical framework was the predominant model. The oral health impact profile (OHIP) presented 20 versions, with OHIP‐14 being the most frequent (26.8%), followed by geriatric oral assessment index (GOHAI) (14.0%), OHIP‐49 (11.7%) and oral impacts on daily performances (OIDP) (9.7%). Most studies focused on external validation (65.3%), while internal validation was reported in 24.8% (n = 26) of OHIP‐14 studies, 50.9% (n = 28) of GOHAI and 21.1% (n = 8) of OIDP studies. Most internal validation studies were conducted in English‐speaking countries (n = 33), and cross‐cultural adaptation was mostly in non‐English‐speaking European countries (n = 40).ConclusionsMany generic and condition‐specific instruments were found, but few have gone through a rigorous internal validation process or have undergone cross‐cultural adaptation. This, in turn, makes it difficult for researchers to choose an appropriate measure based on known psychometric properties. OHIP‐14, OIDP and GOHAI seem to be the most widely validated instruments. Equalizing measurement properties for comparability are challenging due to theoretical heterogeneity. Future studies should assess psychometric properties, explore the factorial structure and work towards a consensus on critical issues.
‘..It takes a lot of brain space’: Understanding young carers’ lives in England and the implications for policy and practice to reduce inappropriate and excessive care work
Authors: Margaret Gowen Sara , Sarojini Hart Caroline , Sehmar Permala , Wigfield Andrea 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis qualitative study, undertaken in England, explored young carers’ perspectives on the nature of their caring responsibilities. The findings are significant, particularly in the context of England's Care Act 2014, which seeks to prevent children engaging in ‘excessive’ or ‘inappropriate’ caring. Our research placed children at the heart of the debate on what constitutes appropriate care. The findings raise key questions regarding effective implementation of contemporary child policy, duties of care towards children in caring roles and priorities for child protection and family support policy and practices, with the potential to inform thinking around child's well‐being in wider contexts.
Orthostatic intolerance after bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Al Nou'mani Jawahar , Al Alawi Abdullah M. , Falhammar Henrik , Al Qassabi Ahmed 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThere have been increased reports of orthostatic intolerance post‐bariatric surgery. However, the prevalence, pathophysiology and long‐term outcomes have not been well described. Therefore, we sought to summarize evidence of orthostatic intolerance after bariatric surgery. We conducted a systematic review using PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify relevant articles from the date of inception until 1st April 2020. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment of the included studies were performed independently by two reviewers. The findings of the included studies were narratively reported. When feasible, a meta‐analysis was done to summarize the relevant results. We included 20 studies (n = 19 843 participants) reporting findings of 12 prospective cohort studies, 5 retrospective cohort studies, 2 cross‐sectional studies and one randomized controlled trial. The 5‐year cumulative incidence of orthostatic intolerance was 4.2% (one study). Common clinical presentations of orthostatic intolerance were lightheadedness, dizziness, syncope and palpitation. The pooled data suggested improvement in overall cardiac autonomic function (sympathetic and parasympathetic) post‐bariatric surgery. In addition, a significant systolic blood pressure drop may reflect a reset of the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems after weight loss in the pooled analysis. Existing literature on orthostatic intolerance post‐bariatric surgeries was limited or of low quality, and larger studies are needed to know the true incidence of orthostatic intolerance post‐bariatric surgeries and the pathophysiology. We found one study reporting the 5‐years cumulative incidence of orthostatic intolerance post‐bariatric surgeries as only 4.2%. This could challenge the idea of increased orthostatic intolerance prevalence post‐bariatric surgeries. Registration The review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systemic Reviews PROSPERO (CRD42020170877).
Suburbanization in the USA, 1970–2010
Authors: Redding Stephen J. 
Published: August 2021

The second half of the 20th century saw large‐scale suburbanization in the USA, with the median share of residents who work in the county where they live falling from 87% to 71% between 1970 and 2000. We introduce a new methodology for discriminating between the three leading explanations for this suburbanization (workplace attractiveness, residence attractiveness and bilateral commuting frictions). This methodology holds in the class of spatial models that are characterized by a structural gravity equation for commuting. We show that the increased openness of counties to commuting is explained mainly by reductions in bilateral commuting frictions, consistent with the expansion of the interstate highway network and the falling real cost of car ownership. We find that changes in workplace attractiveness and residence attractiveness are more important in explaining the observed shift in employment by workplace and employment by residence towards lower densities over time.
The role of oxygen in stimulating methane production in wetlands
Authors: Wilmoth Jared L. , Schaefer Jeffra K. , Schlesinger Danielle R. , Roth Spencer W. , Hatcher Patrick G. , Shoemaker Julie K. , Zhang Xinning 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMethane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas, is the second most important greenhouse gas contributor to climate change after carbon dioxide (CO2). The biological emissions of CH4 from wetlands are a major uncertainty in CH4 budgets. Microbial methanogenesis by Archaea is an anaerobic process accounting for most biological CH4 production in nature, yet recent observations indicate that large emissions can originate from oxygenated or frequently oxygenated wetland soil layers. To determine how oxygen (O2) can stimulate CH4 emissions, we used incubations of Sphagnum peat to demonstrate that the temporary exposure of peat to O2 can increase CH4 yields up to 2000‐fold during subsequent anoxic conditions relative to peat without O2 exposure. Geochemical (including ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, X‐ray absorbance spectroscopy) and microbiome (16S rDNA amplicons, metagenomics) analyses of peat showed that higher CH4 yields of redox‐oscillated peat were due to functional shifts in the peat microbiome arising during redox oscillation that enhanced peat carbon (C) degradation. Novosphingobium species with O2‐dependent aromatic oxygenase genes increased greatly in relative abundance during the oxygenation period in redox‐oscillated peat compared to anoxic controls. Acidobacteria species were particularly important for anaerobic processing of peat C, including in the production of methanogenic substrates H2 and CO2. Higher CO2 production during the anoxic phase of redox‐oscillated peat stimulated hydrogenotrophic CH4 production by Methanobacterium species. The persistence of reduced iron (Fe(II)) during prolonged oxygenation in redox‐oscillated peat may further enhance C degradation through abiotic mechanisms (e.g., Fenton reactions). The results indicate that specific functional shifts in the peat microbiome underlie O2 enhancement of CH4 production in acidic, Sphagnum‐rich wetland soils. They also imply that understanding microbial dynamics spanning temporal and spatial redox transitions in peatlands is critical for constraining CH4 budgets; predicting feedbacks between climate change, hydrologic variability, and wetland CH4 emissions; and guiding wetland C management strategies.
Vitamin E and carotenoid accumulation during kernel development in two varieties of Castanea henryi
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Xiang Nan , Chen Jiayu , Shu Zhicheng , Chen Ling , Guo Xinbo 
Published: August 2021

SummaryChestnut is rich in vitamin E and carotenoids, and it is popularly consumed in many areas owing to its health benefits. This study aimed at investigating the metabolic regulation of vitamin E and carotenoids during kernel development of Castanea henryi (‘Jinzhui’ (YS) and ‘Baiyan No.1’ (WS)). Along with the increasing growth time of chestnut kernels, vitamin E contents showed a sustained increase, and γ‐tocopherol was always the most abundant composition. 4‐hydroxyphenyl‐pruvate dioxygenase and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase were theorised to regulate tocotrienol biosynthesis in WS, but there was no such relationship in YS. Lutein dominated the total carotenoid content changes with a decrease at the final growth stage. Moreover, zeaxanthin and β‐carotene had an overall downward trend and may be regulated by gene for 1‐deoxy‐D‐xylulose‐5‐phosphate reductase. The results provide a theoretical basis for harvesting control and cultivation management of C. henryi based on nutrition enhancement.
Measurement of hematopoietic progenitor cells using XN2000 hematology analyzer
Authors: Al Mamari Sahimah , Al Saadi Ahoud , Al Zaabi Rua , Al Jamalani Alshaima , Al Qassabi Jamal , Pathare Anil , Al‐Khabori Murtadha 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionStem cell enumeration by the hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) mode is a novel method available from Sysmex XN2000 hematology analyzer. A small amount of blood (190 μL) is required, and the results are available in a few minutes without manual gating or presample treatment. The present study compares stem cell measurements using XN2000 analyzer HPC mode and FC500 flow cytometry analyzer using peripheral blood (PB) specimens and apheresis products.MethodsIn this prospective study, CD34‐positive cell counts were enumerated using an FC500 flow cytometry analyzer and compared with XN2000 Sysmex analyzer (XN‐HPC mode) in the same samples. Results were compared using Bland‐Altman plots.ResultsA total of 103 samples were used. In the PB samples, the median HPC count and CD34‐positive cells were 83.5 × 106/L and 78.0 × 106/L, respectively. The mean Bland‐Altman difference was 4.5 × 106/L (Limits: −51.7 to 60.7 × 106/L), with a Pearson's correlation of 0.79. In the apheresis products, the median HPC count and CD34‐positive cells were 1468 × 106/L (IQR: 1049 ‐ 1960 × 106/L) and 1327 × 106/L (IQR: 910 ‐ 2001 × 106/L), respectively. The mean Bland‐Altman difference was 179.0 × 106/L (Limits: −2022.2 ‐ 2380.2 × 106/L), with a Pearson's correlation of 0.58.ConclusionThe XN‐HPC mode has an excellent correlation and minimal disagreement for stem cell enumeration in PB compared with flow cytometry and could replace it. There is high disagreement in apheresis products, and therefore, the XN‐HPC mode cannot be recommended.
Pinpointing genetic breaks in the southeastern Pacific: Phylogeography and genetic structure of a commercially important tunicate
Authors: Quesada‐Calderón Suany , Giles Emily C. , Morales‐González Sarai , Saenz‐Agudelo Pablo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimAccurate characterization of evolutionary units (species or populations) underlies all ecological and evolutionary studies and is crucial to conservation planning. Seascapes have long been thought to be highly permeable to gene flow, yet over the last decade building evidence has shown that barriers to gene flow in marine environments are much more common than previously thought. Here, we precisely characterize two barriers to gene flow in the tunicate Pyura chilensis across 26° of latitude in the southeastern Pacific, assess their magnitude and explore their congruence with current biogeographical patterns of this region.LocationThe southeastern Pacific (SEP), from Ilo, Perú (17°S) to Chiloé, Chile (43°S).TaxonPyura chilensis.MethodsWe used a combination of highly polymorphic microsatellite markers and a 540 bp fragment of the Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) to compare individuals sampled at 26 localities spanning approximately 2500 km of the SEP. Genetic diversity was analysed using Bayesian clustering, haplotype networks, Isolation by Distance and cline models. A Coalescent simulator was used to estimate migration rates.ResultsThe results from both the microsatellite and COI markers indicate the presence of two genetic discontinuities: one at 34°S and one at 39°S which coincide with genetic breaks reported for other species. Interestingly, we were able to determine that genetic transitions occur abruptly and within short geographical distances (~30 km) compared with previous studies of this tunicate. Coalescent simulations indicate the 34°S break is less permeable than the 39°S break, and gene flow appears to be mostly from north to south.Main conclusionsOur results support other studies that show that seascapes are complex, and also highlight the importance of accurately sampling distribution ranges when making conclusions about gene flow. Overall, the two main biogeographical barriers to gene flow characterized in the southeastern Pacific are not homogeneously permeable and can be narrow (<30 km). These results are relevant for the management of fisheries in this region and specifically for this commercially important species.
Ventricular pacing and myocardial function in patient with congenital heart block
Authors: Rangavajla Gautam , Mulukutla Suresh , Thoma Floyd , Kancharla Krishna , Bhonsale Aditya , Estes N. A. Mark , Jain Sandeep K. , Saba Samir 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionPacing‐induced cardiomyopathy (PICM) is a potential complication of chronic right ventricular (RV) pacing, but its characterization in adult patients is often complicated by pre‐existing cardiomyopathy. This study investigated the incidence of PICM in patients with congenital heart block (cHB) who have conduction disease from birth without confounding pre‐existing cardiac conditions.Methods and ResultsThis retrospective cohort analysis included 42 patients with cHB and baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50%. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to assess freedom from cardiomyopathy (defined as LVEF <50%) between paced and nonpaced patients. Patients were 26 ± 3 years old at first presentation, 64% were women and baseline LVEF was 60.0 ± 0.2%. Median follow‐up from birth was 35 (interquartile range [IQR]: 20–42) years with a median of 6.7 years (IQR: 3.6–9.2) at our institution. Thirty‐two patients received pacing at mean age 21 ± 3 years. Patients receiving a pacemaker (PM) were significantly more likely to develop a cardiomyopathy (p = .021) and no patient developed a cardiomyopathy in the absence of a PM. Four patients who developed a new cardiomyopathy were upgraded to biventricular pacing, leading to stabilization or improvement of LVEF.ConclusionIn a relatively young and healthy cHB cohort, RV pacing is associated with a higher risk of developing a cardiomyopathy. These data confirm the deleterious effects of RV pacing on myocardial function in patients without pre‐existing structural cardiac disease and has clinical implications to the management of patients with cHB.
Filamin C missense variant associated with severe right atrial disease and skeletal myopathy
Authors: Conte Giulio , Piciacchia Flavia , Medeiros‐Domingo Argelia , Grego Susanna , Ripellino Paolo , Auricchio Angelo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionFilamin C (FLNC) gene variants associated with atrial cardiomyopathies have not been reported so far. The aim of this study was to assess the genetics of two siblings presenting with recurrent right atrial arrhythmias, severe right atrial dilatation, and skeletal myopathy.MethodsA family with subjects affected by recurrent atrial arrhythmias and skeletal myopathy was extensively evaluated by the means of electrocardiographic recordings, magnetic resonance, intracardiac high‐density mapping, and genetic testing.ResultsTwo siblings with right atrial arrhythmias and severe right atrial disease were found to be heterozygous carriers of the variant FLNC‐c.925G>A p.(Glu309Lys), previously reported as a variant of uncertain significance. Despite the presence of a severe dilatation of the right atrium in both patients, one presented with skeletal muscle myopathy and an atrial arrhythmia refractory to pharmacological and invasive treatment, while the other one did not have any myopathy, and rhythm control was easily achieved by drugs.ConclusionFilamin C missense variant c.925G>A p.(Glu309Lys) is associated with the severe right atrial disease. Considering cosegregation with the disease (PP1 supporting), this variant should be classified as likely pathogenic.
Intracardiac echocardiography‐ versus transesophageal echocardiography‐guided left atrial appendage occlusion with Watchman FLX
Authors: Gianni Carola , Horton Rodney P. , Della Rocca Domenico G. , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Al‐Ahmad Amin , Bassiouny Mohamed A. , Burkhardt J. David , Gallinghouse G. Joseph , Hranitzky Patrick M. , Sanchez Javier E. , Natale Andrea 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionWatchman FLX has been recently approved for left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) in the US. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) ‐ which is already commonly used to guide trans‐septal access ‐ can serve as an alternative to TEE, simplifying the procedure and reducing associated costs. Herein, we report our experience with ICE‐guided LAAO with Watchman FLX.Methods and ResultsThis cohort study included the first 190 consecutive patients who underwent LAAO with Watchman FLX in our center. LAAO was successful in all patients without significant peri‐procedural, device‐related complications in either group. Compared to TEE, we observed a significant reduction in procedural times when using ICE. In addition, there was a potentially clinically relevant reduction in fluoroscopy dose, mainly secondary to fewer cine acquisition runs. At follow‐up, no cases of device embolism were noted, whereas the rate of device‐related thrombosis and peri‐device leaks were comparable between groups.ConclusionICE‐guided LAAO with Watchman FLX is safe and feasible, with a significant reduction in procedural time and potential reduction in fluoroscopy dose when compared to TEE.
CCAT2 enhances autophagy‐related invasion and metastasis via regulating miR‐4496 and ELAVL1 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shi Jing , Guo Cao , Ma Junli 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAutophagy is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. Long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) CCAT2 functions as an oncogene in a variety of tumours. However, it is still unknown whether CCAT2 is involved in autophagy and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In our study, we found that lncRNA CCAT2 expression was significantly increased in HCC tissue and was correlated with advanced stage and venous invasion. Further experiments revealed that CCAT2 induced autophagy and promoted migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations found that CCAT2 involved in HCC by regulating miR‐4496/Atg5 in cytoplasm. In nucleus, CCAT2 bound with ELAVL1/HuR to facilitate HCC progression. Our findings suggest that CCAT2 is an oncogenic factor in the progression of HCC with different regulatory mechanisms and may serve as a target for HCC therapy.
Development of an immune‐related lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network based on competing endogenous RNA in periodontitis
Authors: Tang Han , Yuan Shuai , Chen Tao , Ji Ping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo explore the relationship between long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and immune response and to construct an immune‐related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in periodontitis.Materials and methodsGene expression profiles in gingival tissues were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to establish an immune‐related ceRNA network. Subsequently, functional enrichment analysis was performed to detect the biological processes in which the ceRNA network might be involved.ResultsA combined classification model involving seven lncRNAs was constructed. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed satisfactory classification ability of the established model. Further analysis revealed that the screened lncRNAs were significantly correlated with patient immunity. Finally, an immune‐related ceRNA network was constructed based on the lncRNA MIAT, miR‐1246, miR‐1260b, miR‐3652, miR‐4286, and 27 mRNAs. Accordingly, functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that this network is closely related to the proliferation, differentiation, and activation of B cells.ConclusionsThe lncRNA MIAT and the MIAT‐based ceRNA network may be instrumental in regulating the immune response, especially of B cells, during the progression of periodontitis.