bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measured and perceived impacts of evidence-based leadership in nursing: a mixed-methods systematic review protocol
Authors: Välimäki Maritta Anneli , Lantta Tella , Hipp Kirsi , Varpula Jaakko , Liu Gaoming , Tang Yao , Chen Wenjun , Hu Shuang , Li Xianhong 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionDespite the abundance of existing literature on evidence-based nursing practice, knowledge regarding evidence-based leadership, that is, leadership supported by an evidence-based approach, is lacking. Our aim is to conduct a mixed-methods systematic review with qualitative and quantitative studies to examine how evidence is used to solve leadership problems and to describe the measured and perceived effects of evidence-based leadership on nurses and nurse leaders and their performance as well as on organisational and clinical outcomes.Methods and analysisWe will search the following databases with no year limit or language restrictions: CINAHL (EBSCO), Cochrane Library, Embase (Elsevier), PsycINFO (EBSCO), PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus (Elsevier) and Web of Science. In addition, the databases for prospectively registered trials and other systematic reviews will be screened. We will include articles using any type of research design as long as the study includes a component of an evidence-based leadership approach. Three reviewers will independently screen all titles, abstracts and full-text articles and two reviewers will extract the data according to the appropriate checklists. The quality of each study will be appraised using specific appraisal tool fitting in study design used in each study. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) grid, PRISMA Protocols, Synthesis Without Meta-analysis and ENTREQ will guide the study process and reporting. Outcomes related to individual or group performance of nurses or nurse managers regarding leadership skills (e.g., communication skills), organisational outcomes (e.g., work environment, costs) and clinical outcomes (e.g., patient quality of life, treatment satisfaction) will be extracted and synthesised.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review will not include empirical data, and therefore, ethics approval will not be sought. The results of the review will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and in a conference presentation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021259624.
Vitamin D insufficiency in COVID-19 and influenza A, and critical illness survivors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hurst Emma A , Mellanby Richard J , Handel Ian , Griffith David M , Rossi Adriano G , Walsh Timothy S , Shankar-Hari Manu , Dunning Jake , Homer Natalie Z , Denham Scott G , Devine Kerri , Holloway Paul A , Moore Shona C , Thwaites Ryan S , Samanta Romit J , Summers Charlotte , Hardwick Hayley E , Oosthuyzen Wilna , Turtle Lance , Semple Malcolm G , Openshaw Peter J M , Baillie J Kenneth , Russell Clark D 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesThe steroid hormone vitamin D has roles in immunomodulation and bone health. Insufficiency is associated with susceptibility to respiratory infections. We report 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) measurements in hospitalised people with COVID-19 and influenza A and in survivors of critical illness to test the hypotheses that vitamin D insufficiency scales with illness severity and persists in survivors.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsPlasma was obtained from 295 hospitalised people with COVID-19 (International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC)/WHO Clinical Characterization Protocol for Severe Emerging Infections UK study), 93 with influenza A (Mechanisms of Severe Acute Influenza Consortium (MOSAIC) study, during the 2009–2010 H1N1 pandemic) and 139 survivors of non-selected critical illness (prior to the COVID-19 pandemic). Total 25(OH)D was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Free 25(OH)D was measured by ELISA in COVID-19 samples.Outcome measuresReceipt of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and in-hospital mortality.ResultsVitamin D insufficiency (total 25(OH)D 25–50 nmol/L) and deficiency (<25 nmol/L) were prevalent in COVID-19 (29.3% and 44.4%, respectively), influenza A (47.3% and 37.6%) and critical illness survivors (30.2% and 56.8%). In COVID-19 and influenza A, total 25(OH)D measured early in illness was lower in patients who received IMV (19.6 vs 31.9 nmol/L (p<0.0001) and 22.9 vs 31.1 nmol/L (p=0.0009), respectively). In COVID-19, biologically active free 25(OH)D correlated with total 25(OH)D and was lower in patients who received IMV, but was not associated with selected circulating inflammatory mediators.ConclusionsVitamin D deficiency/insufficiency was present in majority of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 or influenza A and correlated with severity and persisted in critical illness survivors at concentrations expected to disrupt bone metabolism. These findings support early supplementation trials to determine if insufficiency is causal in progression to severe disease, and investigation of longer-term bone health outcomes.
Efficacy of high-volume injections with and without corticosteroid compared with sham for Achilles tendinopathy: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Malliaras Peter , Connell David , Boesen Anders Ploug , Kearney Rebecca S , Menz Hylton B , Morrissey Dylan , Munteanu Shannon E , Silbernagel Karin G , Underwood Martin , Haines Terry P 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionAchilles tendinopathy (AT) is a common and disabling musculoskeletal condition. First-line management involving Achilles tendon loading exercise with, or without, other modalities may not resolve the problem in up to 44% of cases. Many people receive injections. Yet there are no injection treatments with demonstrated long-term efficacy. The aim of the trial is to examine the 12-month efficacy of high-volume injection (HVI) with corticosteroid and HVI without corticosteroid versus sham injection among individuals with AT.Methods and analysisThe trial is a three-arm, parallel group, double-blind, superiority randomised controlled trial that will assess the efficacy of HVI with and without corticosteroid versus sham up to 12 months. We will block-randomise 192 participants to one of the three groups with a 1:1:1 ratio, and both participants and outcome assessors will be blinded to treatment allocation. All participants will receive an identical evidence-based education and exercise intervention. The primary outcome measure will be the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment – Achilles (VISA-A) at 12 months post-randomisation, a validated, reliable and disease-specific measure of pain and function. Choice of secondary outcomes was informed by core outcome domains for tendinopathy. Data will be analysed using the intention-to-treat principle.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained via the Monash University Human Ethics Committee (no: 13138). The study is expected to be completed in 2024 and disseminated via peer review publication and conference presentations.Trial registration numberAustralia and New Zealand Clinical trials registry (ACTRN12619001455156)
Exposure to corticosteroids in pregnancy is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes among infants of mothers with inflammatory bowel disease: results from the PIANO registry
Authors: Odufalu Florence-Damilola , Long Millie , Lin Kirk , Mahadevan Uma 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveActive inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during pregnancy may require the use of corticosteroids. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of in utero corticosteroid exposure on adverse pregnancy outcomes, congenital malformations, infections and neurocognitive development among offspring of mothers with IBD.DesignUsing the prospective Pregnancy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Neonatal Outcomes registry, data were collected at each trimester, delivery; and in the 12 months post partum. Bivariate statistics and multivariate logistic regression models compared pregnancy outcomes by corticosteroid exposure.ResultsA total of 1490 mothers with IBD were enrolled, with 1431 live births recorded. Corticosteroid use was associated with increased risk of preterm birth, small for gestational age, low birth weight (LBW), intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. On adjusted multivariate models, corticosteroid use was associated with preterm birth (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.73), LBW (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.88) and NICU admission (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.30). Late corticosteroid use (second and/or third trimester) was associated with serious infections at 9 and 12 months (4% vs 2% and 5% vs 2%, respectively, p=0.03 and p=0.001). There were five newborns with in utero corticosteroid exposure born with orofacial clefts versus one without corticosteroid exposure. Developmental milestones were similar across corticosteroid exposure groups.ConclusionIn this prospective pregnancy registry, offspring of women exposed to corticosteroids during pregnancy were more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes. This emphasises the importance of controlling disease activity before and during pregnancy with steroid-sparing therapy.
A Case of Backache on Polaris Patrol
Authors: Pace T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe management of a case of prolapsed intervertebral disc, on a Polaris patrol with its medical constraints, is described. A traction svs-tem was devised, with the materials and skills to hand at the time, which controlled the patient’s symptoms sufficently well for the patrol integrity not to be jeopardised.
Submucous Resection: The Treatment of Choice in the Nose-Ear Distress Syndrome
Authors: McNicoll W. D. , Scanlan S. G. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe combination of nasal septal deviation and Eustachian tube dysfunction, in the absence of any other pathology, constitutes the Nose-Ear Distress Syndrome. We have undertaken a clinical assessment of the relationship between uncomplicated deviation of the nasal septum and Eustachian tube dysfunction in naval personnel who are serving in environments of primarily increased barometric pressure.One hundred and twenty candidates to the submarine, diving and aircrew branches of the Royal Navy who presented with the nose-ear distress syndrome were initially surveyed. None were able to equilibrate their middle ear pressures at an increased ambient pressure of 3 metres of water. Submucous resection was performed on 116, of whom 110 (94.83%) were able to equilibrate their middle ear pressures at an increased ambient pressure of 9 metres of water post-operatively.Xenon 113 scintigraphy was performed on a further 25 recruits to delineate the post-nasal airflow. This investigation was performed pre- and post-operatively. Pre-operatively, scintigraphy showed the presence of turbulence in the post-nasal space, while post-operatively the turbulence was absent. All the candidates were unable to equilibrate their middle ear pressures pre-operatively, but after submucous resection 24 (96%) were able to equilibrate their middle ear pressures at an increased barometric pressure of 9 metres of water.
Carotid artery revascularization using the Walrus balloon guide catheter: safety and feasibility from a US multicenter experience
Authors: Salem Mohamed M , Kvint Svetlana , Baig Ammad A , Monteiro Andre , Cortez Gustavo M , Kuhn Anna L , Goren Oded , Dalal Shamsher , Jankowitz Brian T , Choudhri Omar , Raper Daniel , Tanweer Omar , Jabbour Pascal , Kan Peter , Starke Robert M , Levy Elad I , Griessenauer Christoph J , Puri Ajit S , Hanel Ricardo , Siddiqui Adnan H , Burkhardt Jan-Karl 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionThe Walrus balloon guide catheter (BGC) is a new generation of BGC, designed to eliminate conventional limitations during mechanical thrombectomy.ObjectiveTo report a multi-institutional experience using this BGC for proximal flow control (PFC) in the setting of carotid artery angioplasty/stenting (CAS) in elective (eCAS) and tandem strokes (tCAS).MethodsProspectively maintained databases at 8 North American centers were queried to identify patients with cervical carotid disease undergoing eCAS/tCAS with a Walrus BGC.Results110 patients (median age 68, 64.6% male), 80 (72.7%) undergoing eCAS and 30 (27.3%) tCAS procedures, were included (median cervical carotid stenosis 90%; 46 (41.8%) with contralateral stenosis). Using a proximal flow-arrest technique in 95 (87.2%) and flow-reversal in 14 (12.8%) procedures, the Walrus was navigated into the common carotid artery successfully in all cases despite challenging arch anatomy (31, 28.2%), with preferred femoral access (103, 93.6%) and in monitored anesthesia care (90, 81.8%). Angioplasty and distal embolic protection devices (EPDs) were used in 91 (83.7%) and 58 (52.7%) procedures, respectively. tCAS led to a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b/3 in all cases. Periprocedural ischemic stroke (up to 30 days postoperatively) rate was 0.9% (n=1) and remote complications occurred in 2 (1.8%) cases. Last follow-up modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2 was seen in 95.3% of eCAS cohort, with no differences in complications in the eCAS subgroup between PFC only versus PFC and distal EPD (median follow-up 4.1 months).ConclusionWalrus BGC for proximal flow control is safe and effective during eCAS and tCAS. Procedural success was achieved in all cases, with favorable safety and functional outcomes on short-term follow-up.
Mental health among UK university staff and postgraduate students in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Carr Ewan , Davis Katrina , Bergin-Cartwright Gabriella , Lavelle Grace , Leightley Daniel , Oetzmann Carolin , Polling Catherine , Stevelink Sharon A M , Wickersham Alice , Razavi Reza , Hotopf Matthew 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesTo characterise the baseline King’s College London Coronavirus Health and Experiences of Colleagues at King’s cohort and describe patterns of probable depression and anxiety among staff and postgraduate research students at a large UK university in April/May 2020.MethodsAn online survey was sent to current staff and postgraduate research students via email in April 2020 (n=2590). Primary outcomes were probable depression and anxiety, measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7, respectively. Secondary outcomes were alcohol use and perceived change in mental health. Outcomes were described using summary statistics and multivariable Poisson regression was used to explore associations with six groups of predictors: demographics and prior mental health, living arrangements, caring roles, healthcare, occupational factors and COVID-19 infection. All analyses were weighted to account for differences between the sample and target population in terms of age, gender, and ethnicity.ResultsAround 20% of staff members and 30% of postgraduate research students met thresholds for probable depression or anxiety on the questionnaires. This doubled to around 40% among younger respondents aged <25. Other factors associated with probable depression and anxiety included female gender, belonging to an ethnic minority group, caregiving responsibilities and shielding or isolating. Around 20% of participants were found to reach cut-off for hazardous drinking on Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, while 30% were drinking more than before the pandemic.ConclusionsOur study shows worrying levels of symptoms of depression, anxiety and alcohol use disorder in an occupational sample from a large UK university in the months following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Posterior hip pericapsular neurolysis (PHPN) for inoperable hip fracture: an adjunct to anterior hip pericapsular neurolysis
Authors: Ng Tony Kwun-tung , Peng Philip , Chan Wing-sang 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThe development of anterior hip neurolysis has made an appreciable impact on the management of patients with inoperable hip fracture. Nonetheless, suboptimal analgesic benefit was still observed in some patients. We therefore developed a novel posterior hip pericapsular neurolysis (PHPN) to complement anterior hip neurolysis in inoperable hip fracture.MethodsIn this retrospective review, we analyzed patients who responded suboptimally (defined as composite pain score moderate or higher on hip flexion 80°) to the anterior hip neurolysis from July 2019 to March 2021. The patients received additional PHPN if the composite pain score was suboptimal. The percentage of patients with dynamic composite pain scores on hip flexion to 80° and on gentle hip external and internal rotation on post-intervention day 5 was then evaluated.ResultsAmong the 70 patients who were reviewed in the study period, 20 patients who partially responded to anterior hip neurolysis received an addition of diagnostic posterior hip pericapsular block. Eighteen patients were the positive responders and PHPN was then performed. Among the PHPN recipients, a high percentage with satisfactory dynamic pain control was observed with 78% on hip flexion 80° and 83% on hip external/internal rotation on day 5 following the intervention. No procedural adverse event was noted.ConclusionsWhile most patients responded satisfactorily to anterior hip neurolysis, we concluded PHPN could be an effective adjunct to manage suboptimal pain control after anterior hip neurolysis in inoperable hip fracture.Trial registration numberNTWC/REC/21061.
Mass spectroscopy and strong decays of excited open charm $${D}_{J}$$ mesons using relativistic Dirac formalism
Authors: Pandya Bhoomika , Shah Manan , Vinodkumar P. C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe mass spectra for the heavy-light $$(c{\bar{q}}) ;$$

(
c

q

¯

)
;

$$q = u$$

q
=
u

or d charmed mesons are computed based on a relativistic framework. The low-lying 1P states are found to be in an excellent agreement with the PDG reported values. Using the computed mass spectra and following effective Lagrangian approach based on heavy quark and chiral symmetry, the OZI allowed two body strong decays are computed. The computed decay rates, ratios and branching fractions allow us to identify the proper spin-parity assignments of the newly observed charm states. Accordingly, we could identify $$D_J(2560)$$

D
J

(
2560
)

as $$2^1S_0$$

2
1

S
0

, $$D_J^*(2680)$$

D
J
∗

(
2680
)

as $$2^3S_1$$

2
3

S
1

, $$D_J(2740)$$

D
J

(
2740
)

as $$1^3D_2$$

1
3

D
2

, $$D_J^*(2760)$$

D
J
∗

(
2760
)

as $$1^3D_3$$

1
3

D
3

, $$D^*_J(3000)$$

D
J
∗

(
3000
)

as $$2^3P_0$$

2
3

P
0

, $$D_J(3000)$$

D
J

(
3000
)

as $$2^1P_1$$

2
1

P
1

and $$D^*_2(3000)$$

D
2
∗

(
3000
)

as $$1^3F_2$$

1
3

F
2

open charm states. The effective coupling constants, $$g_T$$

g
T

, $$\tilde{g_H}$$

g
H

~

, $$g_Y$$

g
Y

, $$\tilde{g_S}$$

g
S

~

and $$g_Z$$

g
Z

extracted from the present study are found to be in accordance with the reported values. These coupling constants would be useful in further investigations. We found $$D^{*+} \pi ^-$$

D

∗
+

π
-

as a favorable channel for the experimental search of the missing $$1^1F_3$$

1
1

F
3

state.
CAR T-cell Entry into Tumor Islets Is a Two-Step Process Dependent on IFNγ and ICAM-1
Authors: Kantari-Mimoun Chahrazade , Barrin Sarah , Vimeux Lene , Haghiri Sandrine , Gervais Claire , Joaquina Sandy , Mittelstaet Joerg , Mockel-Tenbrinck Nadine , Kinkhabwala Ali , Damotte Diane , Lupo Audrey , Sibony Mathilde , Alifano Marco , Dondi Elisabetta , Bercovici Nadège , Trautmann Alain , Kaiser Andrew D. , Donnadieu Emmanuel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAdoptive transfer of T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) has shown remarkable clinical efficacy against advanced B-cell malignancies but not yet against solid tumors. Here, we used fluorescent imaging microscopy and ex vivo assays to compare the early functional responses (migration, Ca2+, and cytotoxicity) of CD20 and EGFR CAR T cells upon contact with malignant B cells and carcinoma cells. Our results indicated that CD20 CAR T cells rapidly form productive ICAM-1–dependent conjugates with their targets. By comparison, EGFR CAR T cells only initially interacted with a subset of carcinoma cells located at the periphery of tumor islets. After this initial peripheral activation, EGFR CAR T cells progressively relocated to the center of tumor cell regions. The analysis of this two-step entry process showed that activated CAR T cells triggered the upregulation of ICAM-1 on tumor cells in an IFNγ-dependent pathway. The ICAM-1/LFA-1 interaction interference, through antibody or shRNA blockade, prevented CAR T-cell enrichment in tumor islets. The requirement for IFNγ and ICAM-1 to enable CAR T-cell entry into tumor islets is of significance for improving CAR T-cell therapy in solid tumors.
Prognostic Impact of Pancoronary Quantitative Flow Ratio Assessment in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Erbay Aslihan , Penzel Lisa , Abdelwahed Youssef S. , Klotsche Jens , Heuberger Andrea , Schatz Anne-Sophie , Steiner Julia , Haghikia Arash , Sinning David , Fröhlich Georg M. , Landmesser Ulf , Stähli Barbara E. , Leistner David M. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) has been introduced as a novel angiography-based modality for fast hemodynamic assessment of coronary artery lesions and validated against fractional flow reserve. This study sought to define the prognostic role of pancoronary QFR assessment in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) including postinterventional culprit and nonculprit vessels.

Methods:
In a total of 792 patients with ACS (48.6% ST-segment–elevation ACS and 51.4% non–ST-segment–elevation ACS), QFR analyses of postinterventional culprit (n=792 vessels) and nonculprit vessels (n=1231 vessels) were post hoc performed by investigators blinded to clinical outcomes. The follow-up comprised of major adverse cardiovascular events, including all-cause mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven coronary revascularization within 2 years after the index ACS event.

Results:

Major adverse cardiovascular events as composite end point occurred in 99 patients (12.5%). QFR with an optimal cutoff value of 0.89 for postinterventional culprit vessels and 0.85 for nonculprit vessels emerged as independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events after ACS (nonculprit arteries: adjusted odds ratio, 3.78 [95% CI, 2.21–6.45],
P
<0.001 and postpercutaneous coronary intervention culprit arteries: adjusted odds ratio, 3.60 [95% CI, 2.09–6.20],
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:
The present study for the first time demonstrates the prognostic implications of a pancoronary angiography-based functional lesion assessment in patients with ACS. Hence, QFR offers a novel tool to advance risk stratification and guide therapeutic management after ACS.
Being Formal without Being a Formalist
Authors: Gibson Steve 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article argues for the value of using formal models within the (digital media) artwork. Eschewing the antiformalism common to much of postmodernism, it argues for a more active engagement with formal concerns. Without embracing the totalizing theories of late modernist formalism, or discarding the idea of “the concept,” the author argues for a more formal approach to the making of the (digital media) artwork. The goal is to point to models that can be used to intimately connect form and concept rather than treat them as separate or warring entities. The article critically explores three very specific digital media artworks that endeavor to bridge the gap between formalism and conceptualism, each pointing to indicative (but not exhaustive) methods for reuniting form and concept.