bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Present Scenario and Problem Confrontation of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Growers in Khulna District
Authors: Haque Md Raianul , Ray Joyanti , Mannan Md Abdul 
Published: December 2021

The objectives of this study were to analyze the present scenario of tomato production and to explore the relationship between personal characteristics of the respondents and the problems confronted by them. Data were collected from randomly selected 50 respondents of five villages viz. Raingamari, Sachibunia and Dorgatola of Bathiaghata upazila and Mirzapur and Baratia of Dumuria upazila of Khulna district through personal interview method using an interview schedule during 11 March to 23 April, 2018. Problems confronted by the farmers were the dependent variable and the seven selected characteristics of the respondents considered as the independent variables. Most of the farmers (80%) possessed medium high land but majority of them (68%) bought small and marginal amount of land under vegetable and tomato cultivation respectively. The farmers cultivate Surakkha (80%) varieties followed by Guli (21%) and Paltola (18%). Fruit borer (62%) and wilting (70%) was the most prevalent insect and disease of tomato respectively. About half of the respondents (48%) fell into high problem confrontation category as compared to that of medium (32%) and low (20%) category. High cost of materials (86.67%) was the most reported severe problem while unavailability of labors (22.67%) was the least severe problem. Among the seven selected characteristics of the respondents, annual family income and area of land under tomato cultivation showed a negative significant relationship with their problem confrontation.
South Asian J. Agric., 7(1&2): 51-55
BEM VIVER E FELICIDADE NO TRABALHO: A PERCEPÇÃO DE PROFESSORES UNIVERSITÁRIOS DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PRIVADA
Authors: Davila Torres Kesia Simone , Kader Rajeh Ibdaiwi Thiago , Machado de Almeida Damiana , Dos Santos Nogueira Vanessa , Boff Menegazzi Raquel 
Published: December 2021

O presente estudo tem como proposta através do instrumento de pesquisa saber qual a forma sentida pelos docentes universitários de uma instituição privada de ensino superior, situada na cidade de Santa Maria/RS como eles percebem a felicidade e qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) ou bem viver nas instituições em que trabalham. A busca de conciliar o bem viver no ambiente de trabalho, tornou-se uma estratégia imprescindível para as instituições de maneira geral, pois os colaboradores passam maior parte do seu tempo dentro das organizações, e essas precisam buscar estratégias que acompanhem constantemente os indicadores de qualidade e felicidade no ambiente organizacional. Os temas felicidade e bem viver fazem parte da rotina nas organizações, sempre buscando o bem-estar e auxiliando a saúde dos colaboradores, e com isso melhorar o desempenho da organização. A importância do estudo justifica-se perante o impacto que a falta de felicidade no trabalho e a incidência de fontes de pressão e a cobrança são mais elevadas. Com os resultados obtidos através da pesquisa é possível identificar ações que possam melhorar esses quesitos, visando manter um clima harmônico que contribua para o alcance dos resultados institucionais.
Palavras-Chave: Bem Viver. Felicidade no Trabalho. Professores Universitários.

Abstract: The present study proposes, through the research instrument, to know how university professors of a private higher education institution, located in the city of Santa Maria/RS, feel how they perceive happiness and quality of life at work (QWL) or living well in the institutions where they work. The quest to reconcile well-being in the work environment has become an essential strategy for institutions in general, as employees spend most of their time within organizations, and these need to seek strategies that constantly monitor the indicators of quality and happiness in the organizational environment. The themes of happiness and well being are part of the routine in organizations, always seeking the well-being and helping the health of employees, and thus improving the organization's performance. The importance of the study is justified by the impact that the lack of happiness at work and the incidence of pressure and demand sources are higher. With the results obtained through the research, it is possible to identify actions that can improve these requirements, aiming to maintain a harmonious climate that contributes to achieving institutional results.
Keywords: Live Well. Happiness at Work. University Teachers.
New insights on severe clinical manifestations and deaths from visceral leishmaniasis in free-living crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) in Brazil
Authors: Silva Mylena Adriele Dias da , Oliveira Matheus Resende , Schettino Sofia Cerqueira , Santos Igo Gonçalves dos , Oliveira Neto Manuel Benicio , Silva Weslania Souza Inacio da , Batista Aksa Ingrid Vieira , Ramos Carlos Alberto do Nascimento , Ramos Rafael Antonio Nascimento , Bezerra-Santos Márcio , Lima Victor Fernando Santana 
Published: December 2021

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic and severe neglected tropical disease, with worldwide distribution, that still cause many deaths among dogs and humans. Brazil is the country responsible for about 97% of the cases of leishmaniasis in the Americas and the disease is still considered a serious public health concern. Among wild mammalians, studies demonstrate the involvement of Cerdocyon thous in the biological cycle of Leishmania. Nevertheless, several authors consider the clinical manifestation of the disease to be rare or mild in free-living animals. Herein, we demonstrate the occurrence of severe clinical sings and deaths caused by VL in free-living crab-eating foxes. Three specimens of foxes collected from periurban areas were diagnosed with VL. The animals presented cutaneous, ophthalmological, gastrointestinal, locomotor and hematological alterations, and died after clinical progression. We identified the presence of anti-Leishmania antibodies by immunochromatographic test in all specimens. We also observed intra and extracellular amastigotes in skin cytology and lymph node aspirate. Furthermore, Leishmania infantum DNA was identified in all samples by the polymer chain reaction technique. Additionally, we performed blood count and stool parasitological tests and observed hematological disorders common to VL, such as anemia and lymphopenia. Taken together, our data demonstrate that VL can induce clinical complications and even cause death in C. thous and corroborate that this crab-eating fox is an adequate host for L. infantum.
PEMBENTUKAN PLA ROCKET FORCE SEBAGAI UPAYA TIONGKOK DALAM PENGAMANAN KEPENTINGAN NASIONAL
Authors: Prasetyo Aryo Bimo 
Published: December 2021

President Xi Jinping carried out a military reorganization carried out in 2015. The reorganization included forming the PLA Rocket Force as a new dimension tasked with handling missile weapons, both conventional and nuclear. This article uses offensive-defensive theory in analyzing the formation of PLARF as an effort to secure national interests. Furthermore, this article will explain why China formed PLARF and prefers to develop these missile weapons through offensive-defensive theory variables. Thus it can be said that the factor of weaponry technology plays a dominant role in the formation of PLARF.
Keyword : PLARF, China, Offense-Defense
Abstrak
Presiden Xi Jinping melakukan reorganisasi militer pada tahun 2015. Reorganisasi tersebut diantaranya mengubah PLA Second Altilery Corps (PLASAC) menjadi PLA Rocket Force (PLARF) sebagai matra baru yang sejajar dengan matra liannya serta memiliki tugas untuk menangani persenjataan misil, konvensional maupun nuklir. PLARF dilengkapi persenjataan rudal dengan berbagai jelajah. Pengembangan teknologi persenjataan dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan PLARF. Secara geografis, PLARF diperlukan untuk melindungi wilayah territorial Tiongkok. Presiden Xi Jinping menggambarkan PLARF sebagai inti kekuatan deterrence strategis Tiongkok, yang diperlihatkan melalui parade militer secara besar. PLARF juga disiapkan untuk melakukan operasi gabungan, serta adanya kontrol CMC terhadap PLARF memberikan kewenangan yang unik .Artikel ini menggunakan teori ofensif-defensif dalam menganalisis reorganisasi militer yang dilakukan Tiongkok. Selanjutnya, artikel ini akan menjelaskan mengapa Tiongkok membentuk PLARF serta lebih memilih mengembangkan persenjataan misil tersebut melalui variabel teori ofensif-defensif. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa faktor teknologi persenjataan memegang peran dominan dalam pembentukan PLARF.
Kata kunci : PLARF,Tiongkok, Ofensif-Defensif
Contextualising Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) within Strategic Partnership Framework
Authors: Wildayanti Zulhajnie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article explains Indonesia’s rationale to prolong its cooperation with Japan under Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA). This article utilises Wilkin’s Strategic Partnership framework to analyse the phenomenon. Under the aforementioned trade framework, Indonesia is still at disadvantageous position due to non-tariff barriers that is imposed by Japan. This article argues that Indonesia’s decision to prolong the agreement is because Japan – Indonesia economic partnership is intertwined with both parties security and ideological partnership.
ANALISIS KERJASAMA SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (SPREP) TERKAIT PERUBAHAN IKLIM
Authors: Siregar Siagian Renaldi Christian Hasahatan , Regina Princesa  , Kogoya Rudi , Angkouw Renalda Ester , Tambunan Retta Marito 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Climate Action or handling related to climate change is one of the important points of the 17 goals contained in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Climate change has recently become a serious problem in the international world, so it really needs deep attention from every country or region. As is the case in the Pacific Islands region, climate change is a threat that can disrupt sustainable development in this region, especially since there is an issue of rising sea levels which can drown the islands in it. With this climate change problem, one way that can be done is to take action or take action. Based on this background, an intergovernmental body called The Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment (SPREP) was formed to deal with problems regarding climate change in the Pacific Islands. The aim of SPREP itself is to promote cooperation in the Pacific region, provide assistance to protect and enhance the environment, and to ensure sustainable development for present and future generations. The framework used in this article is based on the theory of liberalism.
Keywords: Pacific Island, SPREP, climate change
Abstrak
Climate Action atau penanganan terkait perubahan iklim merupakan salah satu poin penting dari 17 tujuan yang terdapat dalam Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Perubahan iklim akhir-akhir ini merupakan masalah yang cukup serius dalam dunia internasional, sehingga sangat dibutuhkan perhatian yang mendalam dari setiap negara ataupun kawasan. Seperti halnya yang terjadi di wilayah Kepulauan Pasifik, perubahan iklim merupakan suatu ancaman yang dapat mengganggu pembangunan berkelanjutan di wilayah ini, terlebih lagi adanya isu kenaikan air laut yang dapat menenggelamkan pulau-pulau didalamnya. Dengan adanya permasalahan perubahan iklim ini, salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan yaitu melakukan pergerakan atau tindakan. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, dibentuklah badan antar pemerintah yang dinamakan The Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment (SPREP) untuk menangani permasalahan mengenai perubahan iklim di Kepulauan Pasifik. Tujuan dari SPREP itu sendiri adalah untuk mempromosikan kerjasama di kawasan Pasifik, memberikan bantuan untuk melindungi dan meningkatkan lingkungan, serta untuk memastikan pembangunan berkelanjutan bagi generasi sekarang dan masa depan. Kerangka pemikiran yang digunakan dalam artikel ini didasarkan pada teori liberalisme.
Kata kunci: Kepulauan Pasifik, SPREP, perubahan iklim
Financial Administration of the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) Among Barangays in Bayugan City, Agusan de Sur, Philippines
Authors: Viray Marecon 
Published: December 2021

In the Republic Act 7160 otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991 has considerably altered the nature and participation of the local government units in the pursuit of national development. Considered that the barangays is the smallest political system in the Philippines were given the responsibility and authority to implement barangay development of their Internal Revenue Allotment. Hence, despite the allocation for the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) to barangays for the development, problems affecting the administration of such fund are so obvious.

The system of administering the barangay development programs has evolved along with the changing structure of our government. The study aimed to describe the financial administration of the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) of barangays in Bayugan City. The cross-sectional survey research design was used frequency counts and distributions were utilized to present and analyze the data gathered. The sample barangays were taken through purposive sampling using income as the main criterion. Primary and secondary data thru the questionnaire and documents. The allocations of the 43 barangays of Bayugan City tend to increase. The barangays had also sourced their funding needs from sources other than IRA or alternative sources.

Recommendations, there must be an in-depth review on the procedure of allocating the IRA among barangays in Bayugan City. Likewise, an in-depth review on the required itemized budget be carried out of expenditures for barangays must be carried out such that barangays prone to calamities may have options in regard to their annual allocation; The barangay officials should strengthen further the participation of all barangay constituents in determining the priority projects and similar studies should be conducted in order to know further the extent of the strengthens and weakness.
Studying the Mechanobiology of Aortic Endothelial Cells Under Cyclic Stretch Using a Modular 3D Printed System
Authors: Aguilera Suarez Sergio , Sekar Nadia Chandra , Nguyen Ngan , Lai Austin , Thurgood Peter , Zhou Ying , Needham Scott , Pirogova Elena , Khoshmanesh Khashayar , Baratchi Sara 
Published: December 2021

Here, we describe a motorized cam-driven system for the cyclic stretch of aortic endothelial cells. Our modular design allows for generating customized spatiotemporal stretch profiles by varying the profile and size of 3D printed cam and follower elements. The system is controllable, compact, inexpensive, and amenable for parallelization and long-term experiments. Experiments using human aortic endothelial cells show significant changes in the cytoskeletal structure and morphology of cells following exposure to 5 and 10% cyclic stretch over 9 and 16 h. The system provides upportunities for exploring the complex molecular and cellular processes governing the response of mechanosensitive cells under cyclic stretch.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence Studies
Authors: Paulo Marília Silva , Abdo Noor Motea , Bettencourt-Silva Rita , Al-Rifai Rami H. 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundGestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as the type of hyperglycemia diagnosed for the first-time during pregnancy, presenting with intermediate glucose levels between normal levels for pregnancy and glucose levels diagnostic of diabetes in the non-pregnant state. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze studies of prevalence of GDM in European countries at regional and sub-regional levels, according to age, trimester, body weight, and GDM diagnostic criteria.MethodsSystematic search was conducted in five databases to retrieve studies from 2014 to 2019 reporting the prevalence of GDM in Europe. Two authors have independently screened titles and abstracts and full text according to eligibility using Covidence software. A random-effects model was used to quantify weighted GDM prevalence estimates. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria was used to assess the risk of bias.ResultsFrom the searched databases, 133 research reports were deemed eligible and included in the meta-analysis. The research reports yielded 254 GDM-prevalence studies that tested 15,572,847 pregnant women between 2014 and 2019. The 133 research reports were from 24 countries in Northern Europe (44.4%), Southern Europe (27.1%), Western Europe (24.1%), and Eastern Europe (4.5%). The overall weighted GDM prevalence in the 24 European countries was estimated at 10.9% (95% CI: 10.0–11.8, I2: 100%). The weighted GDM prevalence was highest in the Eastern Europe (31.5%, 95% CI: 19.8–44.6, I2: 98.9%), followed by in Southern Europe (12.3%, 95% CI: 10.9–13.9, I2: 99.6%), Western Europe (10.7%, 95% CI: 9.5–12.0, I2: 99.9%), and Northern Europe (8.9%, 95% CI: 7.9–10.0, I2: 100). GDM prevalence was 2.14-fold increased in pregnant women with maternal age ≥30 years (versus 15-29 years old), 1.47-fold if the diagnosis was made in the third trimester (versus second trimester), and 6.79- fold in obese and 2.29-fold in overweight women (versus normal weight).ConclusionsIn Europe, GDM is significant in pregnant women, around 11%, with the highest prevalence in pregnant women of Eastern European countries (31.5%). Findings have implications to guide vigilant public health awareness campaigns about the risk factors associated with developing GDM.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier CRD42020161857.
Efficacy and Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Yuan , Xu Jiao , Zhang Dong , Mu Xingyu , Shi Yi , Chen Shangtao , Wu Zengxiang , Li Shuangqing 
Published: December 2021

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing and there is an urgent need for new treatment strategy to prevent progression of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. We have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the treatment of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with T2DM and NAFLD. The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for articles that met the eligibility criteria to explore the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs in patients with T2DM and NAFLD. We assessed pooled data using a random/fixed-effects model according to the I2 and p-values. Eight trials that included a total of 468 participants were eligible for inclusion in the review. For primary outcomes, administration of GLP-1RAs significantly decreased the content of intrahepatic adipose (IHA)[p=0.007, weight mean difference (WMD) -3.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) -4.75, -1.28], subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) (p&lt;0.00001,WMD -28.53,95%CI -68.09,-26.31), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (p&lt;0.0001,WMD -29.05,95%CI -42.90,-15.9). For secondary outcomes, GLP-1RAs produced a significant decrease in levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)(p=0.02, WMD -3.82, 95%CI -7.04, -0.60), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p=0.03, WMD -2.4, 95%CI -4.55,-0.25, I2 = 49%), body weight (p&lt;0.00001,WMD -3.48,95%CI -4.58,-2.37), body mass index (p&lt;0.00001,WMD -1.07,95%CI -1.35,-0.78), circumference waist (p=0.0002,WMD -3.87, 95%CI -5.88, -1.86) fasting blood glucose (p=0.02, WMD -0.35, 95%CI -0.06, -0.05), HbA1c (p&lt;0.00001,WMD -0.39,95%CI -0.56,-0.22), HoMA-IR(p=0.005, WMD-1.51, 95%CI-0.87,-0.16), total cholesterol (p=0.0008, WMD -0.31, 95%CI -0.48, 0.13) and triglycerides (p=0.0008, WMD -0.27, 95%CI -0.43,-0.11) in comparison with the control regimens. The main adverse events associated with GLP-1RAs included mild-to-moderate gastrointestinal discomfort and nonsense hypoglycemia that resolved within a few weeks. GLP-1RAs were an effective treatment that improved intrahepatic visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, inflammatory markers, the anthropometric profiles and some metabolic indices in patients with T2DM and NAFLD, GLP-1RAs could be considered for use in these if there are no contraindications. Further studies are needed to understand the direct and indirect effects of GLP-1RAs on NAFLD and the potential mechanism via which they prevent its progression.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42021265806.
Fate and Toxicity of Carbamazepine and Its Degradation By-Products During Coupling of Ozonation and Nanofiltration for Urban Wastewater Reuse
Authors: Yacouba Z. Amadou , Lesage G. , Mendret J. , Zaviska F. , Petit E. , Brosillon S. 
Published: December 2021

Occurrence of emerging organic micropollutants in water bodies and their effects are a concern related to quality of reused water. Advanced oxidation processes have demonstrated promising results to address this challenge. Nonetheless, these processes may lead to the generation of more toxic oxidation by-products. The aim of this study was to investigate the coupling of ozonation and nanofiltration (NF) applied to carbamazepine (CBZ). It consisted in monitoring the degradation and fate of CBZ and its subsequent by-products, their fate and toxicity. CBZ was completely degraded after 5 min of ozonation and six identified transformation by-products were formed: I (hydroxycarbamazepine), BQM [1-(2-benzaldehyde)-4-hydro-(1H, 3H)-quinazoline-2-one], II (2-(1H)-quinazolinone), BaQM [1-(2-benzoic acid)-4-hydro-(1H, 3H)-quinazoline-2-one], BQD [1-(2-benzaldehyde)-(1H, 3H)-quinazoline-2,4-dione] and BaQD [1-(2-benzoic acid)-(1H, 3H)-quinazoline-2,4-dione]. Mineralization rate of ozonation never exceeded 12% even with high ozone dose. Bioassays with Vibrio fischeri revealed that BQM and BQD are responsible for toxicity. NF is able to remove total organic carbon with removal rate up to 93% at 85% of permeate recovery rate. CBZ and its different ozonation by-products were almost completely retained by NF, except the II, which had an MW slightly lower than the membrane molecular weight cut-off, for which the removal rate was still between 80 and 96% depending on the recovery rate.