bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updates on the psychological and psychiatric aspects of the Ehlers–Danlos syndromes and hypermobility spectrum disorders
Authors: Bulbena‐Cabré Andrea , Baeza‐Velasco Carolina , Rosado‐Figuerola Silvia , Bulbena Antonio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe field of the psychiatric and psychological aspects of Ehlers–Danlos syndromes (EDS) has been understudied and neglected for many years. People with EDS are often classified as “somatizers” by untrained clinicians. However, research on the biological basis of EDS is improving our understanding of the physiology and psychopathology of the disorder. In this article, we consider the literature on the psychopathological dimensions associated with EDS as well as the EDS symptoms in psychiatric conditions since our review in 2017. Literature confirms that psychological processes (i.e., fear, emotional distress, or negative emotions) in EDS have a significant impact on the outcomes of EDS. Common systemic associations are found between anxiety disorders and EDS as well as significant correlations with neurodevelopmental, eating, mood, and sleep disorders. There is limited but increasing evidence of an association between EDS and suicidal thoughts and behaviors, which should be further explored. The broad spectrum of human anxiety and associated somatic symptoms (beyond anxiety disorders) appears to be the core of the psychopathology in EDS and therefore, detecting and assessing EDS might be a new opportunity for psychiatric nosology to develop more inclusive phenotypes like the Neuroconnective Phenotype that include both somatic and psychological manifestations.
Implication of proliferation gene biomarkers in pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Yan Yi , Jiang Rong , Yuan Ping , Wen Li , Pang Xiao‐Bin , Jing Zhi‐Cheng , He Yang‐Yang , Han Zhi‐Yan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjective/BackgroundProliferation is a widely recognized trigger for pulmonary hypertension (PH), a life‐threatening, progressive disorder of pulmonary blood vessels. This study was aimed to identify some proliferation associated genes/targets for better comprehension of PH pathogenesis.MethodsHuman pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) were cultured in the presence or absence of human recombinant platelet derived growth factor (rhPDGF)‐BB. Cells were collected for metabolomics or transcriptomics study. Gene profiling of lungs of PH rats after hypoxia exposure or of PH patients were retrieved from GEO database.Results90 metabolites (VIP score >1, fold change >2 or <0.5 and p < .05) and 2701 unique metabolism associated genes (MAGs) were identified in rhPDGF‐BB treated hPASMCs compared to control cells. In addition, 1151 differentially expressed genes (313 upregulated and 838 downregulated) were identified in rhPDGF‐BB treated hPASMCs compared to control cells (fold change >2 or <0.5 and p < .05). 152 differentially expressed MAGs were then determined, out of which 9 hub genes (IL6, CXCL8, CCL2, CXCR4, CCND1, PLAUR, PLAU, HBEGF and F3) were defined as core proliferation associated hub genes in protein proten interaction analysis. In addition, the hub gene‐based LASSO model can predict the occurrence of PH (AUC = 0.88). The expression of CXCR4, as one of the hub genes, was positively correlated to immune cell infiltrates.ConclusionOur findings revealed some key proliferation associated genes in PH, which provide the crucial information concerning complex metabolic reprogramming and inflammatory modulation in response to proliferation signals and might offer therapeutic gains for PH.
Dynamische Strukturänderung und Thermodynamik von Phasentrennprozessen eines Proteinmodells mit intrinsisch ungeordneter/geordneter Struktur
Authors: Lüdeke Steffen , Lohner Philipp , Stühn Lara G. , Betschart Martin U. , Huber Matthias C. , Schreiber Andreas , Schiller Stefan M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractElastin‐artige Proteine (ELPs) haben neben ihrer biologischen Funktion auch Bedeutung als Modelle für intrinsisch ungeordnete Proteine und dynamische Strukturübergänge, die mit Koazervation und Flüssig‐flüssig‐Phasenübergängen einhergehen. Über den Konformerenzustand direkt unter‐ und oberhalb der Koazervationstemperatur und dessen Rolle im Phasentrennprozess ist allerdings nach wie vor wenig bekannt. Durch globales Matrix‐kleinste‐Quadrate‐Boltzmann‐Fitting der Zirkulardichroismus‐Spektren dreier ELPs deckten wir auf, dass es unmittelbar zur Koazervation kommt, wenn eine bestimmte Anzahl von Wiederholungseinheiten β‐Turn‐Konformation angenommen hat (hier etwa 20 Wiederholungseinheiten). Der Charakter der differenziellen Streuung der Koazervat‐Suspensionen wies darauf hin, dass dieser Anteil an β‐Turn‐Struktur auch nach der Zusammenlagerung der Polypeptide erhalten bleibt. Möglicherweise spielen derartige “Konformationsschwellenwerte” auch in anderen Protein‐Zusammenlagerungsprozessen eine Rolle.
Design of a Metallacycle‐Based Supramolecular Photosensitizer for In Vivo Image‐Guided Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria
Authors: Xu Yuling , Tuo Wei , Yang Liang , Sun Yan , Li Chonglu , Chen Xiaoqiang , Yang Wenchao , Yang Guangfu , Stang Peter J. , Sun Yao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBacterial infection is one of the greatest threats to public health. In vivo real‐time monitoring and effective treatment of infected sites through non‐invasive techniques, remain a challenge. Herein, we designed a PtII metallacycle‐based supramolecular photosensitizer through the host‐guest interaction between a pillar[5]arene‐modified metallacycle and 1‐butyl‐4‐[4‐(diphenylamino)styryl]pyridinium. Leveraging the aggregation‐induced emission supramolecular photosensitizer, we improved fluorescence performance and antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation. In vivo studies revealed that it displayed precise fluorescence tracking of S. aureus‐infected sites, and in situ performed image‐guided efficient PDI of S. aureus without noticeable side effects. These results demonstrated that metallacycle combined with host‐guest chemistry could provide a paradigm for the development of powerful photosensitizers for biomedicine.
Design and Development of a Bioorthogonal, Visualizable and Mitochondria‐Targeted Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Delivery System
Authors: Chen Yinghan , Zhao Ruohan , Tang Cheng , Zhang Chun , Xu Wenyuan , Wu Luyan , Wang Yuqi , Ye Deju , Liang Yong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important endogenous gasotransmitter, but the targeted delivery and real‐time feedback of exogenous H2S are still challenging. With the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we designed a new 1,3‐dithiolium‐4‐olate (DTO) compound, which can react with a strained alkyne via the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition and the retro‐Diels–Alder reaction to generate carbonyl sulfide (COS) as the precursor of H2S, and a thiophene derivative with turn‐on fluorescence. Moreover, the diphenylamino substituent in DTO greatly increases the mitochondrial targeting of this H2S delivery system. Such a bioorthogonal click‐and‐release reaction has integrated three functions in one system for the first time: (1) in situ controllable H2S release, (2) concomitant fluorescence response, and (3) mitochondria‐targeted delivery. In addition, we investigated the mitochondrial membrane potential loss alleviation by using this system in H9c2 cells under oxidative stress.
Dynamic Structural Changes and Thermodynamics in Phase Separation Processes of an Intrinsically Disordered–Ordered Protein Model
Authors: Lüdeke Steffen , Lohner Philipp , Stühn Lara G. , Betschart Martin U. , Huber Matthias C. , Schreiber Andreas , Schiller Stefan M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractElastin‐like proteins (ELPs) are biologically important proteins and models for intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and dynamic structural transitions associated with coacervates and liquid–liquid phase transitions. However, the conformational status below and above coacervation temperature and its role in the phase separation process is still elusive. Employing matrix least‐squares global Boltzmann fitting of the circular dichroism spectra of the ELPs (VPGVG)20, (VPGVG)40, and (VPGVG)60, we found that coacervation occurs sharply when a certain number of repeat units has acquired β‐turn conformation (in our sequence setting a threshold of approx. 20 repeat units). The character of the differential scattering of the coacervate suspensions indicated that this fraction of β‐turn structure is still retained after polypeptide assembly. Such conformational thresholds may also have a role in other protein assembly processes with implications for the design of protein‐based smart materials.
New simple La‐Ni complexes as efficient precursors for functional LaNiO3‐based ceramics
Authors: Gavrikov Andrey V. , Ilyukhin Andrey B. , Belova Ekaterina V. , Yapryntsev Alexey D. , Khrushcheva Alena V. , Loktev Alexey S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPerovskite LaNiO3 is of immense significance in a range of fields such as heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, new convenient approach for preparing LaNiO3 via thermolysis of new simple complexes, [Ni (bpy)3] [La (NO3)5(MeCN)] (1, bpy is 2,2'‐bipyridine) and [Ni (phen)3] [La (NO3)5(H2O)]·2MeCN (2, phen is 1,10‐phenanthroline), is reported. These first examples of unambiguously characterized LaNiO3 precursors are chemically stable and can be synthesized rapidly in good yields. While virtually monophasic LaNiO3 can be prepared from 2 via only 3‐h annealing on air at 800°C, there are always minor admixtures in oxide samples prepared from 1. Peculiarities of intrinsic thermal transformations of 1 and 2 affecting such difference have been revealed. Thus, 1 and 2 are the first series of compositionally related heterometallic La‐Ni complexes studied as precursors for LaNiO3‐based ceramics. Comparatively high surface areas of LaNiO3‐based ceramics produced from 1 and 2 at 800°C determine its high catalytic activity towards dry reforming of methane (DRM) to syngas. Nearly quantitative CH4 and CO2 conversions as well as CO and H2 yields were achieved in 800–900°C range without preliminary reduction to Ni/La2O3 composites. Thus, LaNiO3‐based ceramics prepared from 1 and 2 are good precursors for in situ production of efficient catalysts for DRM.
Identification of risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fractures by a risk stratification index model: A retrospective study
Authors: Wang Ye , Zhao Lin , Zhang Changsheng , An Qi , Guo Qianqian , Geng Jie , Guo Zhenggang , Guan Zhengpeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionPostoperative delirium is one of the most common and dangerous psychiatric complications after hip surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery and to identify risk factors for such, as part of developing a risk stratification index (RSI) system to predict a patient's risk of postoperative delirium.MethodsElderly patients (aged 65 years or older) with hip fractures who had received surgical treatment in our hospital between March 2018 and December 2019 were retrospectively included. Clinical data were collected, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relevant risk factors of postoperative delirium. An RSI system was developed based on factors identified in the regression analysis.ResultsOf 272 patients included, 52 (19.12%) experienced postoperative delirium. Drinking history (> 3/ week), the perioperative lactic acid level (Lac > 2 mmol/L), postoperative visual analog score (VAS) > 3, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status > II, application of the bispectral index, and preoperative diabetes were independent risk factors of postoperative delirium. When RSI ≥ 5, the rate of postoperative delirium significantly increased (p < .05).ConclusionThe RSI system developed here can safely guide postoperative outcomes of elderly patients with hip fractures, and RSI ≥ 5 may be able to predict the onset of postoperative delirium.
An ensembling model for early identification of at‐risk students in higher education
Authors: Gupta Anika , Garg Deepak , Kumar Parteek 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAudience Response Systems like clickers are gaining much attention for early identification of at‐risk students as quality education, student success rate and retention are major concerning areas, as evidenced in this COVID scenario. Usage of this active learning strategy across the varying strength of classrooms are found to be much effective in retaining the attention, retention and learning power of the students. However, implementing clickers for large classrooms incur overhead costs on instructor's part. As a result, educational researchers are experimenting with various lightweight alternatives. This paper discusses one such alternative: lightweight formative assessments for blended learning environments. It discusses their implementation and effectiveness in early identification of at‐risk students. This study validates the usage of lightweight assessments for three core pedagogically different courses of large computer science engineering classrooms. It uses voting ensemble classifier for effective predictions. With the usage of lightweight assessments in early identification of at‐risk students, accuracy range of 87%–94.7% have been achieved along‐with high ROC‐AUC values. The study also proposes the generalized pedagogical architecture for fitting in these lightweight assessments within the course curriculum of pedagogically different courses. With the constructive outcomes, the light‐weight assessments seem to be promising for efficient handling of scaling technical classrooms.
A 1‐year and 4‐month‐old child with mucopolysaccharidoses type II: A clinical case report from Ethiopia
Authors: Deribessa Solomie Jebessa , Bisrat Mekdes Endale , Terefework Zewdu , Quinonez Shane C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a class of lysosomal storage disorders resulting in progressive disease manifestations and are caused by pathogenic variants in genes coding for enzymes needed to degrade glycosaminoglycans. While most of the seven MPSs are autosomal recessive disorders, MPS II, also known as Hunter syndrome, is inherited in an X‐linked recessive manner and is the most common MPS. Here, we report a 1‐year and 4‐month‐old boy who presented with delayed developmental milestones, back deformity, and left scrotal swelling noticed by parents at one year of age. He has coarse facial appearance with macrocephaly, widened wrists, congenital dermal melanocytosis on his back, kyphotic deformity in the thoracolumbar area and left‐sided inguinal hernia all consistent with a suspected MPS II diagnosis. The MPS II diagnosis was subsequently confirmed with genetic testing of the IDS gene. To our knowledge, this is the first case of MPS II reported from Ethiopia. This case shows the importance of early clinical recognition of genetic conditions and the utility of genetic testing for confirmation. The diagnosis provided important surveillance and natural history information for the patient's providers and family.
A Systematic Study of the Influence of Electrolyte Ions on the Electrode Activity
Authors: Ding Xing , Scieszka Daniel , Watzele Sebastian , Xue Song , Garlyyev Batyr , Haid Richard W. , Bandarenka Aliaksandr S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEfficient electrocatalysis is most likely an answer to recent energy related challenges. Countless studies have been trying to find the links between the electrode/electrolyte interface structure, its composition, and the resulting activity in order to improve the performance of numerous devices, such as electrolyzers, fuel cells, and certain types of batteries. However, this scientific field currently meets serious complications associated with the prediction and explanation of an unexpected influence of seemingly inert electrolyte components on the observed activity. Herein, we investigate various electrocatalytic systems using a unique laser‐induced current transient technique to answer a long‐lasting fundamental question: How can “inert” electrolytes change the activity so drastically? Different metal electrodes in contact with various aqueous solutions and two energy important reactions were used as model systems. We experimentally determine the potential of maximum entropy of the electrodes and find the connections between its position and the electrocatalytic performance.
Disparities and trends in the participation of minorities, women, and the elderly in breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer clinical trials
Authors: Javier‐DesLoges Juan , Nelson Tyler J. , Murphy James D. , McKay Rana R. , Pan Elizabeth , Parsons J. Kellogg , Kane Christopher J. , Kader A. Karim , Derweesh Ithaar H. , Nodora Jesse , Patel Sandip P. , Martinez Maria Elena , Rose Brent S. 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThis study was done to determine the representation of minorities, women, and the elderly in National Cancer Institute (NCI) clinical trials.MethodsThis is an analysis in the NCI Clinical Data Update System. Patients were evaluated in breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer trials from 2000 to 2019. Representation in a trial was determined by race/ethnicity, sex, and age. Secondarily, the change in trial participation by multivariable analysis by comparing years 2000 through 2004 to 2015 through 2019 was evaluated.ResultsThe cohort included 242,720 participants: 197,320 Non‐Hispanic White (81.3%), 21,190 Black (8.7%), 11,587 Hispanic (4.8%), and 6880 Asian/Pacific Islander (2.8%). Black and Hispanic patients were underrepresented for colorectal (odds ratio [OR], 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50‐0.67; P < .001 and OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.64‐0.87; P < .001, respectively), lung (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.76‐0.91; P < .001 and 0.66; 95% CI, 0.57‐0.77; P < .001, respectively), and prostate cancer trials (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79‐0.92; P < .001 and OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.51‐0.66; P < .001) between 2015 and 2019. The odds of participation in 2015 to 2019 increased among Black patients in breast (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 2.07‐%2.32; P < .001), lung (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.38‐1.73; P < .001), and prostate cancer trials (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.26; P < .001). The odds of participation in a trial among Hispanic patients increased for breast (OR, 3.32; 95% CI, 3.09‐3.56; P < .001), colorectal (OR, 2.46; 95% CI, 2.04‐2.96; P < .001), lung (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 3.20‐4.69; P < .001), and prostate cancer (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.42‐2.04; P = .005).ConclusionsThis study identified that Black and Hispanic patients remain underrepresented in trials, but in recent years, participation has increased. These findings indicate that minority participation has increased over time, but further efforts are needed.
Nanospace Engineering of Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Wang Qi , Yang Guoxiang , Fu Yangjie , Li Ningyi , Hao Derek , Ma Shengqian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe structural advantages of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) can facilitate wide applications in the field of catalysis, including oxidation, hydrogenation, acetalization, transesterification, catalytic cracking, and so on. The efficiency of catalysis is closely related to the synergy between active center, auxiliary center, and microenvironment. Researchers can customize MOFs according to the needs of catalytic reactions, and many strategies were established for boosting catalytic performance. In this review, we aim to summarize and illustrate recent progress in the nanospace engineering of MOFs. Generally, MOFs were engineered mainly from the following aspects: 1) Regulation of pore size, including micropores, mesopores, and macropores. 2) Engineering of encapsulated active species, such as metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, polyoxometalates, enzymes, etc. 3) Engineering of MOFs morphology from zero dimension to three‐dimension. 4) Controllable integration of MOFs with multi‐strategies. 5) Construction of multivariate MOFs via introducing multiple or mixed organic functional groups into the existing framework. Besides, for further low cost and practical applications, challenges for MOFs as green and sustainable catalysts are also discussed.
Sheathless acoustic based flow cell sorter for enrichment of rare cells
Authors: Wang Ce , Ma Yuting , Pei Zhiguo , Song Feifei , Zhong Jinfeng , Wang Yao , Yan Xintao , Dai Pu , Jiang Yi , Qiu Jianping , Shi Mengdie , Wu Xiaodong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCell enrichment is a powerful tool in many kinds of cell research, especially in applications with low abundance cell types. In this work, we developed a microfluidic fluorescence activated cell sorting device that was able to perform on‐demand, low loss cell detection, and sorting. The chip utilizes three‐dimensional acoustic standing waves to position all cells in the same fluid velocity regime without sheath. When the cells pass through a laser interrogation region, the scattering and fluorescent signals are detected, translated and transported to software. The target cells are then identified by gating on the plots. Short bursts of standing acoustic waves are triggered by order from PC to sort target cells within predefined gating region. For very low abundance and rare labeled lymphocytes mixed with high concentration unlabeled white blood cells (WBCs), (1–100 labeled lymphocytes are diluted in 106 WBCs in 1 ml volume fluid), the device is able to remove more than 98% WBCs and recover labeled lymphocytes with efficiency of 80%. We further demonstrated that this device worked with real clinical samples by successfully isolating fetal nucleated red blood cells (FNRBCs) in the blood samples from pregnant women with male fetus. The obtained cells were sequenced and the expressions of (sex determining region Y) SRY genes were tested to determine fetal cell proportion. In genetic analysis, the proportion of fetal cells in the final picked sample is up to 40.64%. With this ability, the device proposed could be valuable for biomedical applications involving fetal cells, circulating tumor cells, and stem cells.
Correlation between a 10‐color flow cytometric measurable residual disease (MRD) analysis and molecular MRD in adult B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Singh Jasmine , Gorniak Malgorzata , Grigoriadis George , Westerman David , McBean Michelle , Venn Nicola , Law Tamara , Sutton Rosemary , Morgan Sue , Fleming Shaun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMeasurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an important predictive factor for patient outcome and treatment intensification. Molecular monitoring, particularly with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to measure immunoglobin heavy or kappa chain (Ig) or T‐cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements, offers high sensitivity but accessibility is limited by expertise, cost, and turnaround time. Flow cytometric assays are cheaper and more widely available, and sensitivity is improved with multi‐parameter flow cytometry at eight or more colors.MethodsWe developed a 10‐color single tube flow cytometry assay. Samples were subject to bulk ammonium chloride lysis to maximize cell yields with a target of 1 × 106 events. Once normal maturation patterns were established, patient samples were analyzed in parallel to standard molecular monitoring.ResultsFlow cytometry was performed on 114 samples. An informative immunophenotype was identifiable in all 22 patients who had a diagnostic sample. MRD analysis was performed on 87 samples. The median lower limits of detection and quantification were 0.004% (range 0.0005%–0.028%) and 0.01% (range 0.001%–0.07%) respectively. Sixty‐five samples had concurrent molecular MRD testing, with good correlation (r = 0.83, p < 0.001). Results were concordant in 52 samples, and discordant in 13 samples, including one case where impending relapse was detected by flow cytometry but not Ig/TCR qPCR.ConclusionsOur 10‐color flow cytometric MRD assay provided adequate sensitivity and good correlation with molecular assays. This technique offers rapid and affordable testing in B‐ALL patients, including cases where a suitable molecular assay cannot be developed or has reduced sensitivity.