bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Monthly Evaluations on Irrational Rates of Antimicrobial Drug Prescription in Outpatient and Emergency Departments
Authors: Yang Qiong , Yuan Fangfang , Li Li , Jin Jianfeng , He Junhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Reduction of the excessive rate of antibiotic prescription is needed to curb antibiotic resistance. This retrospective study was conducted to verify whether monthly evaluations of antibiotic prescriptions could improve clinical antibiotic use in outpatient and emergency departments. Every month, from July 2016 to June 2019, 25% of the antibacterial prescriptions from the outpatient and emergency departments in our hospital were randomly selected. The hospital formed an evaluation team that conducted preliminary evaluations of these prescriptions and an expert team that re-evaluated any problematic prescriptions. We analysed the irrational prescription rate, proportion of antibiotic use, and consistency between the evaluation and expert teams. At the end of the evaluation period, the utilisation rate of single antibiotics in the outpatient and emergency departments increased, the irrational prescription rate decreased, and the proportion of sold antibiotics gradually decreased. In addition, the consistency of prescription evaluation results between the evaluation and expert groups increased over time. In conclusion, monthly evaluation of antibiotic prescriptions is an effective management tool for the rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice and plays an important role in safe clinical drug use.
Sequential IVIM-Parametric as a Potential Image Biomarker in Evaluating the Radiosensitivity of Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Xenografts
Authors: Xiao Youping , Chen Yunbin , Pan Jianji , Chen Ying , Zheng Xiang , Zheng Dechun , Guo Qiaojuan , Yao Yiqi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEIntravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) is a considerable functional MR sequence in evaluated the tumor’s response to chemo-radiotherapy. Our aim was to investigate the sequential IVIM parametric in assessing the dynamic changes of histopathological features on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) xenografts after receiving the fractional radiations.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Sixty BALB/c-nu nude mice were transplanted with NPC cell lines of CNE-1 and CNE-2 to raise xenografts which further received the fractional radiations. On 3.0T MR system, IVIM (14 b-factors: 0~1000 s/mm2) was performed on xegnorafts after radiations. IVIM-parametric of D, f and D* accompanied with the cellularity and necrosis proportion of NPC xenografts were calculated and analyzed respectively.KEY RESULTSNPC xenografts exhibited a larger D and necrosis proportion coupled with a smaller D*, f and cellularity after fractional radiations, and CNE-2 xenografts presented greater changes than CNE-1 xenografts (all P<0.01). Parametric D and f correlated negatively (r=-0.824, P<0.001) while D* correlated positively with f (r=0.758, P<0.001) and D (r=0.625, P=0.042). Moreover, D correlated negatively with cellularity (rs=-0.861, P<0.001) and positively with necrosis proportion (rs=0.952, P<0.001), f behaved a positive correlation with cellularity (rs=0.627, P<0.001) and negative with necrosis proportion (rs=-0.649, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Sequential parametric derived from IVIM are valuable in characterizing the dynamic changes in histopathological features of NPC xenografts and can be utilized as a potential image biomarker for non-invasive assessment of tumor’s radiosensitivity.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials Testing the Effects of Proanthocyanidins Supplementation on Lipid Profile
Authors: Ren Jingyi , Sun Yiting , An Jiaqi , Chen Fengge , Yin Bowen , Zhang Fan , Zhang Limin , Ma Yuxia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The studies that assessed proanthocyanidins (PCs) supplementation on lipid profile revealed contradictory results. The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the influence of PCs supplementation on lipid profile.Methods: Six databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar) were searched to identify for published relevant studies up to June 9, 2021. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and the corresponding standard deviations (SD) of the total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were calculated to estimate the pooled effect. Results: A total of 1411 articles were identified through database searching, of which, seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis suggested that PCs supplementation effectively affected the level of HDL-C (WMD: 2.716, 95% CI: 0.269, 5.163, p = 0.030), but had no significant effect on TC (WMD: -0.201, 95% CI: -6.443, 6.041, p=0.950), LDL-C (WMD: -3.000, 95% CI: -8.254, 2.254, p = 0.263), and TG (WMD: -8.874, 95% CI: -21.009, 3.260, p =0.152). In the subgroup analyses, a significant enhance in HDL-C in people with a shorter intervention duration (duration < 12 weeks) or people with a higher BMI (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2). Conclusion: The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that PCs supplementation had no effects on TC, LDL-C or TG, whereas it may contribute to a change on HDL-C. Additional high-quality studies are needed to confirm this result.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Childhood Tuberculosis Detection and Management Among Health Care Providers in Cambodia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: An Yom , Teo Alvin Kuo Jing , Huot Chan Yuda , Tieng Sivanna , Khun Kim Eam , Pheng Sok Heng , Leng Chheng Lay , Deng Serongkea , Song Ngak , Nop Sotheara , Nonaka Daisuke , Yi Siyan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 29% of global tuberculosis (TB) and almost 47% of childhood TB cases were not reported to national TB programs in 2019. In Cambodia, most childhood TB cases were reported from health facilities supported by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria in 2019. This study aimed to compare the healthcare providers' KAP on childhood TB case detection in ODs with high and low childhood TB case detection in Cambodia.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study between November and December 2020 among healthcare providers in 10 purposively selected operational districts (ODs) with high childhood TB case detection and 10 ODs with low childhood TB case detection. A total of 110 healthcare providers from referral hospitals and 220 from health centers were interviewed. We collected information on socio-demographic characteristics, training, and KAP on childhood TB. Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's exact and Student's t-tests were performed to explore the differences in KAP of healthcare providers from ODs with low vs. high childhood TB detection.
Results
Of the 330 respondents, 193 were from ODs with high childhood TB case detection, and 66.67% were from health centers. A significantly higher proportion (46.11%) of respondents from ODs with high childhood TB case detection received training on childhood TB within the past two years than those from low childhood TB case detection ODs (34.31%) (p=0.03). Key knowledge on childhood TB was not significantly different among respondents from ODs with high and low childhood TB case detection. A significantly higher proportion of respondents from ODs with high childhood TB case detection had a good attitude (98.96% v.s. 97.08%, p=0.002) and performed good practices (58.55% v.s. 45.26%, p=0.02) on contact investigation in the community than those from low childhood TB case detection ODs.
Conclusions
Healthcare providers from ODs with high childhood TB detection had better attitudes and practices towards childhood TB. The attitudes and practices need to be improved among healthcare providers in ODs with low case detection. Further investment in training and experience sharing on childhood TB case detection among healthcare providers is needed to improve childhood TB case detection.
Diversity and Distribution of Spa types among Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Humans and Livestock in Kabale District - South Western Uganda
Authors: Baguma Andrew , Musinguzi Benson , Orikiriza Patrick , Bazira Joel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: S. aureus is a skin and mucosal bacterial commensal of both humans and animals which has evolved as an important pathogen implicated to cause various infections. High levels of antibiotic use have resulted into multi-drug resistance MRSA, especially among HA-MRSA, CA-and LA - MRSA. Awareness on coexistence and diversity of MRSA clones among humans and household Livestock particularly cattle and swine in our region is limited. We used spa typing method to determine spa diversity, distribution and coexistence in outpatients, household contacts and respective livestock (cattle and swine) in Kabale region, south western Uganda. Methods: This was a cross sectional study by design consisting of outpatients, household contacts and livestock. Outpatients (n =100) colonized with MRSA were traced back to their respective homesteads where household members, domestic cattle, and, swine were tested for S. aureus and subsequently MRSA colonization. High-resolution DNA melting analysis was used to determine spa types among MRSA isolates. Overlap of MRSA isolates among humans and livestock was based on the presence of similar spa types.Results: A total of 3371 S.aureus isolates were collected from outpatients (n =376), household contacts (n = 1531), Cattle (n = 1159) and Swine (n = 305), among which 482 had mecA gene where 27% (100/376) and 8% (123/1531) were outpatients and household contacts respectively while 11% (132/1159) and 42% (127/305) were cattle and swine respectively. Twenty different spa types were identified; t034, t4677, t108, t1451, t9377, t1081, t040, t701, t041, t002, t044, t037,t121, t127, t922, t032, t019, t018, t012 and t030, among which t034 (109/482), t4677 (53/482), t9377 (63/482) and t1081 (53/482) were most prevalent and distributed among human and livestock. All the MRSA isolates were multidrug resistant to antibiotics tested. Conclusion: In Kabale region, there is high diversity of spa types among MRSA. Presence of similar spa types was found circulating among humans and their respective livestock which demonstrates a possible bidirectional transmission. Presence of MDR - MRSA highlights the need for effective prevention and control of MRSA among livestock and in the community using One Health approach.
A Significant Fluorescent Aptamer Sensor Based on Carbon Dots and Graphene Oxide for Highly Selective Detection of Progesterone
Authors: Cui Hanyue , Lu Huan , Li Li , Ding Ya-ping , Fu Yao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a fluorescent aptamer sensor was constructed based on the carbon dots and graphene oxide. This sensor combines the excellent fluorescence performance of carbon dots with the high specificity of aptamers to detect progesterone with high sensitivity and selectivity. In the absence of progesterone, the carbon dots-aptamer system and graphene oxide form a fluorescence resonance energy transfer process(FRET), which quenches the fluorescence of the carbon dots. When progesterone is added, the aptamer specifically binds to progesterone, resulting the fluorescence of the carbon dots is recovered. At optimal conditions, the fluorescence intensity recovered by the carbon dots has a linear relationship with the concentration of progesterone in the range of 0.1-120 nM, and the detection limit is 3.3×10 -11 M. Besides, the sensor has satisfactory detection results of progesterone in milk, indicating that this method has a enormous potential for application in food safety.
Genetic analysis of grain yield and yield-attributing traits in navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under drought and optimal environments
Authors: Mutari Bruce , Sibiya Julia , Gasura Edmore , Matova Prince Muchapondwa , Simango Kennedy , Kondwakwenda Aleck 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Knowledge of the genetic basis of navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) performance under drought stress (DS) is important for planning appropriate breeding and selection strategies in DS environments. Twenty-eight F2 progenies generated from an 8 x 8 half-diallel mating design were evaluated to determine combining ability effects and mode of gene action of grain yield (GYD) and yield attributing traits in navy bean under DS and non-stressed (NS) conditions. The experiments were conducted in two locations in a 6 x 6 square lattice design with two replications during the 2020 dry season. There were significant (p < 0.001; p < 0.05) positive correlations for number of pods per plant (NPPP), number of seeds per plant (NSPP) and 100-seed weight (SW) with GYD under both DS and NS. General and specific combining ability (GCA; SCA) effects were significant (p < 0.05) under both DS and NS for most traits indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive gene effects in the expression of the traits. Parents with best combining ability for most of the studied traits were G1, G7, G6 and G8 under NS, and G3, G4, G7 and G8 under DS. The most promising progenies with high values for GYD and its component traits under DS were G2 X G3, G2 X G8, G4 X G5, G4 X G8, and G6 X G8. Good general and specific combiners with high significant positive effects under DS should be used further in breeding for moisture stress tolerance.
ThGM Cells as a Prognostic and Predictive Marker for Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Mou Dachao , Wu Shasha , Jiao Ling , Zhou Yi , Bai Xiufeng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is causing by the aberrant aggregation of immune cells in plaque. This study aimed to identify abnormal T cell subtypes and inflammatory factors in CHD patients.Methods and results T cell subsets from 187 CHD patients were analyzed using flow cytometry. Plasma concentration of cytokines were analyzed by Luminex. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the number of ThGM cells was higher in CHD patients. The proportion of Th17 and Th1 cells were also increased in CHD patients. levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly higher in CHD patients (P<0.05). However, levels of GM-CSF were slightly lower in CHD patients. Conclusions ThGM can be considered as a diagnostic marker of CDH.
Distribution Matters: Sensitivity of Gridded Data of Population and Economic Conditions to Global Water Scarcity Assessment
Authors: Modi Prakat , Hanasaki Naota , Yamazaki Dai , Boulange Julien , Oki Taikan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Availability of water per capita is among the most fundamental water-scarcity indicators and has been used extensively in global grid-based water resources assessments. Recently, it has been extended to include the economic aspect, a proxy of the capability for water management. We applied the extended index globally under SSP–RCP scenarios using gridded population and economic conditions from two independent sources and unexpectedly found that the gridded data were significantly sensitive to global water-scarcity assessment. One projection assumed urban concentration of population and assets, whereas the other assumed dispersion. In analyses using multiple SSP–RCP scenarios representing a world of sustainability (SSP1–RCP2.6), regional rivalry (SSP3–RCP7.0), and fossil fuel development (SSP5–RCP8.5) in the future, multiple GCMs, and two gridded datasets showed that the water-scarce population ranges from 0.32–665 million. Uncertainties in the SSP–RCP and GCM scenarios were 6.58–489 million and 0.68–315 million, respectively. The population distribution assumption had a similar impact, with an uncertainty of 169–338 million. These results highlight the importance of the subregional distribution of socioeconomic factors for predicting the future global environment.
Supratotal Resection of Periventricular Glioblastomas and Pathomorphological Rationale for Extensive Removal of Subventricular Zone
Authors: Rozumenko Artem V. , Kliuchka Valentyn M. , Rozumenko Volodymir D. , Malysheva Tatyana A. , Oluwateniola Alao O. , Fedorenko Zoja P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of the research was to reveal the pathomorphological patterns of periventricular glioblastoma (PVG) dissemination and assess the rationale for extended surgical removal of subventricular zone (SVZ) as a step towards supratotal resection.A total of 54 patients (16 females and 38 males, mean age 48.9 ± 13.4 years, range 22–69) with PVG were prospectively included in the study. Standard preoperative evaluation included an MRI using 3D T1 with Gd-enhancement, T2, and T2-FLAIR series. The neuronavigation system was used to identify the SVZ and to remove of ventricular wall, additionally to image-guided total tumor resection. The pathomorphological assessment of PVG features with the description of the SVZ and changes in perifocal brain matter was performed by two pathologists.The median Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) score raised from 67.8 to 81.9 in the postoperative period. The overall median survival was 13.0 ± 2.7 months. The low postoperative KPS score (p = 0.05) and basal ganglia invasion (p = 0.008) significantly decreased survival rates.Microscopically, the typical multilayer structure of SVZ was disrupted. The invasive spread of tumor cells in thesubventricular space was identified. The ependymal layer had prominent dystrophic alterations of cells and destruction of intracellular connections. The hyperplastic reaction on neoplastic process was typical for adjacent ependyma.The pathomorphological identification of periventricular glioblastoma invasion in the subependymal space supports the supratotal tumor resection with removal of adjacent SVZ as a potential source for relapse.
Use of a Graph Neural Network to the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis of Korean Native Cattle
Authors: Lee Hyo-Jun , Chung Yoonji , Chung Ki Yong , Kim Young-Kuk , Lee Jun Heon , Koh Yeong Jun , Lee Seung Hwan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the general framework of the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), a hierarchical clustering algorithm is commonly used to module definition. However, hierarchical clustering depends strongly on the topological overlap measure. In other words, this algorithm may assign two genes with low topological overlap to different modules even though their expression patterns are similar. Here, a novel gene module clustering algorithm for WGCNA is proposed. We develop a gene module clustering network (gmcNet), which simultaneously addresses single-level expression and topological overlap measure. The proposed gmcNet includes a “co-expression pattern recognizer" (CEPR) and “module classifier". The CEPR incorporates expression features of single genes into the topological features of co-expressed ones. Given this CEPR-embedded feature, the module classifier computes module assignment probabilities. We validated gmcNet performance using 4,976 genes from 20 native Korean cattle. We observed that the CEPR generates more robust features than single-level expression or topological overlap measure. Given the CEPR-embedded feature, gmcNet achieved the best performance in terms of modularity (0.261) and the differentially expressed signal (27.739) compared with other clustering methods tested. Furthermore, gmcNet detected some interesting biological functionalities for carcass weight, backfat thickness, intramuscular fat, and beef tenderness of Korean native cattle. Therefore, gmcNet is a useful framework for WGCNA module clustering.
Upregulation of LncRNAs THRIL and Malat1 in Peripheral Blood of Ischemic Stroke Patients with Large Artery Atherosclerotic and Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Bayat Mahnaz , Karimi Najmeh , Rahimi Moosa , Tabrizi Reza , Asadabadi Tahereh , Hooshmandi Etrat , Salehi Mohammad Saied , Zafarmand Seyedeh Shaghayegh , Owjfard Maryam , Dara Mahintaj , Esperson Carlos Garcia , Spratt Neil , Levi Christopher , haghighi Afshin Borhani 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has the main role in gene regulation and it might serve as a potential biomarker in clinical practice. Malat1 and THRIL LncRNAs have been demonstrated to play key roles in inflammation and atherosclerosis. It was hypothesized that the Malat1 and THRIL expression increase in patients with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke (IS) with significant diagnostic value for discriminating IS from controls. Methods We evaluated Malat1 and THRIL expression on days 1,3, and 5 after stroke in 59 IS cases with small-vessel disease (SVD) and large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), and 63 controls. A real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for the evaluation of lncRNA expression. Results In patients with SVD or LAA, Malat1 and THRIL expression significantly were higher than the controls and mix model analysis showed significantly higher expression of lncRNAs on days 5 relative to days 1 and 3 after stroke while the positive correlation was also detected between Malat1 expression and time after stroke (r = 0.27, p = 0.03). After logistic regression analysis, elevated Malat1 and THRIL showed a significant positive association with the risk of SVD and LAA. We found Malat1 could be used as a diagnostic marker with an area under the curve of 0.78 (p < 0.001). Conclusion This was the first study that demonstrated the significant upregulation of THRIL from 24 hours after IS until 5 days. This upregulation may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of IS. To reach a reliable conclusion we need a larger sample size.
Screening of Major Bioactive Compounds Profile of Pomegranate Peel Waste by Using HPLC
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Pratibha  , Neeraj  , Sami Rokayya , Khojah Ebtihal , Alsufyani Sultan J. , Al-Mushhin Amina A. M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Bioactive compound characterization is an important steps for utilization of pomegranate peel waste as food and nutraceutical ingredients. In the present investigation the effects of different drying (freeze, tray-oven and sun) and solvents such as methanol, ethanol, water, acetone and hexane were investigated on the extraction and recovery of major bioactive compounds (ellagic acid, gallic acid, quercetin and punicalagin) of pomegranate peel for two pomegranate varieties (i.e. Bhagwa and Ganesh) using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results indicated that the peel powder obtained by freeze drying (-45°C) method which extracted by methanol was higher amount in bioactive compounds compared to the other drying methods and solvents. Freeze dried peel powder of Bhagwa pomegranate showed higher amount of gallic acid (32.2 mg/g), ellagic acid (13.6 mg/g), punicalagin (15.2 mg/g) and quercetin (2.5 mg/g) with methanol solvent as compared to the other extract of Bhagwa and Ganesh varieties. Basis on the results of current study it can be concluded that the freeze drying method for drying pomegranate peel powder and methanol as a solvent are effectives to recover higher extraction of bioactive compounds which can be utilize to develop human and animal health.