bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha Feto-Protien as a Biochemical Marker in Prediction of Morbidly Adherent Placenta
Authors: Khairy Hassan Tawfik , El Safty Mohammed Saeed Eldin , El Hadi Rasha Medhat Abd , Marzok Kyrollos Refat Khalf 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Placenta accreta is a potentially life-threatening obstetric condition that requires a multidisciplinary approach to management. The incidence of placenta accreta has increased and seems to parallel the increasing cesarean delivery rate. Women at greatest risk of placenta accreta are those who have myometrial damage caused by a previous cesarean delivery with either an anterior or posterior placenta previa overlying the uterine scar. Diagnosis of placenta accreta before delivery allows multidisciplinary planning in an attempt to minimize potential maternal or neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Aim of the Work
To compare between alpha-fetoproteine as biological marker & ultrasound & Doppler findings for prenatal predication of morbid adherent placentation in anterior placenta on scar of previous cesarean section.

Patients and Methods
The current study is a prospective cohort study, conducted at a tertiary center: Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital during the period between February 2018 and April 2019,where 150 pregnant women having placenta previa covering scar of previous uterine surgery had been recruited from the outpatient obstetrics clinic or emergency room and admitted to antepartum inpatient high risk service, but 50 patients were dropped out due to loss in follow up because of emergency antepartum haemorrhage & C.S., others escaped follow up.

Results
The results of the current study showed a significant association between all criteria of the 3DPD with multislice view and presence of placental adherence, need for added surgical steps, CS hysterectomy and bladder injury with sensitivity 83% & specificity 57%, PPV 76%, NPV 66%.

Conclusion
The current study suggests that AFP assay, it isn't good test alone as regards its sensitivity &specificity &its level of accuracy 55% as compared to 2D &3D power doppler with multislice view, so it is unreliable test alone for antenatal diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta.
The effect of the duration between the previous ceserian section and the current pregnancy on the incidence of placenta accreta spectrum: A Case Control Study
Authors: Abdelrahman Rehab M , Raafat Tarek Aly , Abdelnasser Ahmed Gamal , Farag Allah Elghatwary Safaa Bakr 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Placenta accreta spectrum is a serious obstetric disorder that is characterized by deeply penetrating villi which are abnormally attached to the myometrium of the uterus. This prevents its complete dissociation during the third stage of labor that may cause severe bleeding, with its marked risk on the mother life. All recent studies confirm that the occurrence of placenta accreta increased dramatically in the recent years with the increasing number of caesarean sections. The number of previous caesarean deliveries accompanied by placenta previa markedly increase the risk for placenta accreta. There is a continued need to study risk factors of abnormally adherent placenta to improve the antenatal diagnosis .

Objective
The current study aims to evaluate the effect of the short duration between the perior caesarean delivery and the current pregnancy on the occurence of placenta accreta spectrum.

Patients and Methods
a case control study which was performed in the Maternity Hospital of Ain Shams University. It compare the duration between the perior caesarean section and the current pregnancy in the placenta accreta cases and the matched controls to determine if it increases the occurrences of placenta accreta or not. It include all pregnant ladies with placenta accreta spectrum diagnosed radiologically or surgically in the period of the beginning of June 2019 to the beginning of December 2019 with in the inclusion criteria, also the matched controls.

Results
there was no difference with a statistical significance between control group and patients group regarding inter pregnancy interval.

Conclusion
this study reveals that there was no effect of the short duration between the previous caesarean delivery and the current pregnancy on the occurence of placenta accreta spectrum.
Oral Lactoferrin versus Ferrous Sulfate for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia during Second Trimester among Egyptian ladies
Authors: Bayoumy Karam M , Elghareeb Nermeen A. M , Ragab Samar G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a major public health problem in Egypt, especially among pregnant women. The most commonly used treatment is oral administration of iron as ferrous sulfate which often fails to exert significant effects with many adverse effects. Lactoferrin is a glycoprotein which belongs to proteins capable of binding and transferring iron. This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness, safety and acceptability of lactoferrin in comparison to ferrous sulfate.

Methods
This randomized clinical trial was conducted in outpatient clinic under supervision of department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt from August 2019 to February 2020. 140 women with iron deficiency anemia in second trimester were recruited and randomly assigned to either group. First group received lactoferrin 200 mg sachets once daily and second group received 100 mg of dried ferrous sulfate capsules twice daily for 4 consecutive weeks. Hemoglobin, hematocrit levels, mean corpuscular volume, and serum ferritin were assessed before and after therapy.

Results
The increase in haemoglobin was significantly higher in lactoferrin group. Number of cases achieved Hb level ≥10.5 was significantly more frequent in lactoferrin group. Compliance was significantly more frequent in lactoferrin group than in ferrous sulfate group. Maternal side effects were significantly less frequent in lactoferrin group than in ferrous sulfate group.

Conclusion
Oral lactoferrin is well tolerated and effective as compared to traditional treatment by ferrous sulfate.
Effect of Intramuscular Administration of Dexamethasone on Shortening of the Duration of Induction of Labor
Authors: Sammour Hazem M , Ashoush Sherif A , Elhawwary Gihan E , Rekaby Sara H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Induction of labor refers to iatrogenic stimulation of uterine contractions to accomplish delivery prior to the onset of spontaneous labor. Induction of labor is undertaken when both of the following criteria are met: Continuing the pregnancy is believed to be associated with greater maternal or fetal risk than intervention to deliver the pregnancy, and there is no contraindication to vaginal birth.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the effect of intramuscular administration of dexamethasone on the duration of vaginal delivery in women undergoing induction of labor.

Patients and Methods
This double-blinded randomized controlled study was conducted on 60 termed pregnant women who were divided into two groups, Dexamethasone group: injected with 2 ml of the product (dexamethasone®) 12 hours before initiation of labor induction and placebo group: injected with 2 ml distilled water 12 hours before initiation of labor induction. The two groups were induced by the same standard protocol. Determination of interval between initiation of induction and beginning of active phase, duration of active phase, duration of 2nd stage and duration 3rd stage have been detected for both groups and statistically analyzed.

Results
There were significant statistical differences between the two studied groups as regard rate of cervical dilatation. There were high significant statistical differences between the two studied groups as regard duration between initiation of labor induction and beginning of active phase of labor, duration of active phase of labor and duration of second and third stage of labor.

Conclusion
an intramuscular injection of dexamethasone before labor induction is found to shorten the duration of labor induction by decreasing the interval between the initiation of induction and the beginning of the active phase, duration of active phase and duration of second stage of labor with no observed maternal or neonatal complications.
Effect of Mediterranean diet versus low caloric diet on rheumatoid arthritis disease activity
Authors: Saleh Lobna A , Sebaie Mona A , El Shishtawy Heba F , Ahmed Sahar F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis Is a systemic connective tissue disease affecting predominantly joints. The disease develops in a course of autoimmune inflammatory process triggered by environmental factors in genetically predisposed person .One such environmental factors is the diet . A basic explanation of a low calorie diet is described as a diet that provides fewer than 1,200 calories per day. .Low calorie diets are known for getting individuals mind excited about losing the weight without the actual motivation to exercise. The Mediterranean diet is not a single prescribed diet, but rather a general food-based eating pattern, which is marked by local and cultural differences throughout the Mediterranean region.Diet is generally characterized by a high intake of plant-based foods (e.g. fresh fruit and vegetables, nuts, and cereals) and olive oil. Also it is characterized by moderate intake of fish and poultry, and low intakes of dairy products (mostly yoghurt and cheese), red and processed meats, and sweets.

Objectives
To assess the effect of Mediterranean diet versus low caloric diet on disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis

Patient and methods
The present study included 30 patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis diagnosed according to 2010 ACR\EULAR criteria every patient is subjected to full clinical examination ;BMI DAS28, CDAI, laboratory investigations, ESR, CRP, CBC, lipid profile, ALT, AST and serum creatinine. Patients were randomly assigned into one of two groups ; group 1 included 15 patients who received low caloric diet and group 2 included 15 patients who received Mediterranean diet for 6 weeks to be reassessed at the end of study.

Results
Both groups ;low caloric diet group and Mediterranean diet had significant improvement on BMI, number of tender joints, DAS and CDAI mHAQ, ESR CRP,TC p &lt; 0.05 There was non significant change between both groups as regard previously mentioned parameters however regarding percent of change between both groups. There was significant difference regarding only BMI with more reduction in group 2 versus group 1

Conclusion
both regimens are effective in lowering RA activity. Both have positive impacts on quality of life of RA patients,
Comparative study between transcranial direct current and repetitive transcranial electromagnetic stimulation in the rehabilitation of primary fibromyalgia
Authors: Ragab Sahar Y , Reda Mervat A , Ezz-Eldin Dalia M , EL-Badawy Mohja A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a complex disorder where a widespread musculoskeletal pain (without a clear lesion basis) is associated with a great variety of symptoms including affective disturbances, central fatigue, cognitive dysfunction and even a particular skin reactivity to several chemical substances. Despite intense research effort, especially in the last years, the pathophysiology of the disease remains to be explained. The treatment recommendations were classified as pharmacological therapies, non-pharmacological treatments, and complementary non-pharmacological therapies. Also, particular interest has been raised by techniques able to perform effective modulation of brain areas through magnetic or electric currents applied to the scalp like transcranial magnetic and electrical stimulation such as direct current (TMS and tDCS). Objective: To compare the efficacy of Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r-TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (t-DCS) as non- invasive brain stimulation techniques in the rehabilitation of patients with primary (1ry) fibromyalgia (FM).

Patients and Methods
The present study included 30 patients with 1ry FM, equally divided into 2 groups. Group I included 15 patients who received 8 sessions of rTMS and Group II included 15 patients who received 8 sessions of anodal tDCS. Differences in visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain, tender point scale, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were assessed before and after completion of assigned treatment sessions.

Results
Pain VAS, tender point scale, FIQ and HADS showed significant decrease between baseline and follow-up assessments for both groups. Moreover, a significant change in all assessment scales was observed post treatment when compared between both groups with more significant improvement in the group received rTMS.

Conclusion
Both rTMS and tDCS techniques showed marked improvement in symptoms of pain, functional status and quality of life in patients with 1ry fibromyalgia. Both techniques can be considered as promising alternatives therapeutic options in the treatment of FM in order to reduce side effects of long-term use of drugs.
Evidence of research mastery: How applicants argue the feasibility of their research projects
Authors: Barlösius Eva , Blem Kristina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough many studies have shown that reviewers particularly value the feasibility of a proposed project, very little attention has gone to how applicants try to establish the plausibility of their proposal’s realization. With a sample of 335 proposals, we examined the ways applicants reason the feasibility of their projects and the kinds of evidence they provide to support those assertions. We identified three kinds of evidence for mastering research: the scope of scientific skills, the presence of different assets, and the use of stylistic techniques. Applicants draw on them to align the project with scientific standards, embed it in the current state of research, and meet the scientific field’s expectations of how scientists should conduct a project. These kinds of evidence help substantiate a project’s feasibility and to distinguish the project from other proposals. Such evidence seems to correspond with a project’s positive review and approval (grant success). Evidence of research mastery was cited more often by the authors of the successful (approved) proposals than by the authors of the unsuccessful ones. The applicants of the successful proposals gave details of their planned experiments, emphasized their broad methodological and technical competence, and referred to their own preliminary scientific work.
In systemic sclerosis, the TAPSE/sPAP ratio can be used in addition to the DETECT algorithm for pulmonary arterial hypertension diagnosis
Authors: Colalillo Amalia , Grimaldi Maria Chiara , Vaiarello Valentina , Pellicano Chiara , Leodori Giorgia , Gigante Antonietta , Romaniello Antonella , Rosato Edoardo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective
Early detection of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is crucial for improving patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare the positive predictive value (PPV) of the echocardiography-derived tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/systolic pulmonary artery pressure (TAPSE/sPAP) ratio with that of the DETECT algorithm for PAH screening in a cohort of SSc patients.

Methods
Fifty-one SSc patients were screened for PAH using the DETECT algorithm and echocardiography.

Results
Echocardiography was recommended by the DETECT algorithm step 1 in 34 patients (66.7%). Right heart catheterization (RHC) was recommended by the DETECT algorithm step 2 in 16 patients (31.4%). PAH was confirmed by RHC in 5 patients. The DETECT algorithm PPV was 31.3%. The TAPSE/sPAP ratio was higher in SSc patients not referred for RHC than in SSc patients referred for RHC according to the DETECT algorithm step 2 [0.83 (0.35–1.40) mm/mmHg vs 0.74 (0.12–1.09)  mm/mmHg, P &lt; 0.05]. Using a cut-off of 0.60 mm/mmHg, 8 (15.7%) SSc patients had a TAPSE/sPAP ratio of ≤0.60 mm/mmHg. PAH was confirmed by RHC in 5 patients. The PPV of TAPSE/sPAP was 62.5%. In multiple regression analysis, TAPSE/sPAP was associated with age [β coefficient = −0.348 (95% CI: −0.011, −0.003); P &lt; 0.01], DETECT algorithm step 1 [β coefficient = 1.023 (95% CI: 0.006, 0.024); P &lt; 0.01] and DETECT algorithm step 2 (β coefficient = −1.758 [95% CI: −0.059, −0.021]; P &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusion
In SSc patients with a DETECT algorithm step 2 total score of &gt;35, the TAPSE/sPAP ratio can be used to further select patients requiring RHC to confirm PAH diagnosis.
Validation of the Substance Abuse Scale of the Personal and Relationships Profile
Authors: Lee Kerry A , Hayward R Anna , Sacco Paul 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There have been limited measurement studies of the substance abuse scale of the Personal and Relationships Profile (PRP) and the impact of social desirability on alcohol and drug use reporting. This study aimed to (a) model the factor structure of the eight-item substance abuse scale of the PRP and (b) examine the relationship of substance use factors with sociodemographic variables—race, income, age, marital status—and social desirability on substance use reporting among a sample of low-income fathers. The study included secondary data analysis of 665 fathers, who participated in a fatherhood program between 2011 and 2015. The two-factor model with the addition of two error covariances exhibited acceptable fit to the data. Sociodemographic characteristics were significantly associated with alcohol and drug use among the sample with social desirability being the strongest predictor of lower alcohol and drug use reporting. Findings suggest that alcohol and drugs are distinct constructs that should be assessed separately, despite being correlated. In social work practice and research, the influence of social desirability in reporting should be accounted for when assessing substance use.
Olmsted Syndrome
Authors: Anderson Sara , Paradise Jacquelyn , Esser Media 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Olmsted syndrome is a rare and complex skin disorder affecting 46 (published) infants as of 2012. The infants affected in this case were born premature at 28 weeks' gestation. Infants affected by this syndrome demonstrate numerous plaques on several specific areas of the skin. Common treatments include exfoliation in addition to psoriasis treatments. The extremely fragile nature of the premature infants' skin complicates treatment modalities.

Clinical Findings:
The progression of the infants' dermatologic findings and plaque formation is discussed in this case study.

Primary Diagnosis:
The primary diagnosis of Olmsted syndrome was made with the assistance of a multidisciplinary team to work through several differential diagnoses presenting with severe forms of palmoplantar keratoderma.

Interventions:
The management of skin plaques in twin premature infants is presented in this case study. An evidence-based approach, utilizing the model of family-centered care, is presented with multidisciplinary involvement and an outline of the specific plan of care for the extensive skin care regimen used.

Outcomes:
An interdisciplinary skin care regimen was created to provide consistency in transition from hospital to home. Using a consistent approach, the plaques were able to be softened and many removed. Continual maintenance is required to manage continual buildup of skin plaques.

Practice Recommendations:
Premature infants are at increased risk for infection due to the immaturity of their skin. The complexity of their skin complicates the ability to recognize and care for rare skin disorders. This case study illuminates the practicality of a consistent and evidence-based approach to a complex and rare skin disorder.
Implementation and Practice Barriers of Family-Centered Care Encountered by Neonatal Nurses
Authors: Kutahyalioglu Nesibe S. , Scafide Katherine N. , Mallinson Kevin R. , D'Agata Amy L. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Approximately 7 out of every 100 births in the United States result in admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), which contributes to a delay in initial physical contact between the parents and their newborn. While family-centered care (FCC) increases opportunities for parent–infant connection, implementation barriers persist in clinical practice. Research has yet to examine whether organizational and nursing factors of empowerment and compassion fatigue (CF) in the NICU are associated with FCC practice.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between empowerment, CF, and FCC practices among NICU nurses.

Methods:
This quantitative portion of a mixed-methods study used a cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design. Bedside NICU nurses with at least 6-month experience were recruited to complete an anonymous online survey using established, valid, and reliable instruments.

Results:
Except for organizations with Magnet status, there were no significant differences in FCC practice within individual and institutional characteristics. Hierarchical linear regression model indicated nurse empowerment was a strong predictor of FCC practice (β= 0.31, R
2 = 0.35, P < .001). There was only a weak, inverse association between CF and FCC practices (r =−0.199, P < .001).

Implication for Research and Practice:
Further qualitative research will integrate these findings to understand the process by which neonatal nurses engage in FCC practices in the context of NICU setting. Future studies should examine facilitators and barriers of FCC practice in the NICU. Strategies (eg, policies and trainings) to increase nurse empowerment and support for FCC implementation should be developed and evaluated.
Outcomes After Operative Reconstruction of Symptomatic Rib Nonunions
Authors: Ogunleye Temi D. , Carlson Daniel A. , Thomas Claire N. , Schroder Lisa K. , Cole Peter A. 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
To assess the outcomes of patients after rib nonunion reconstruction.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Setting:
Level 1 trauma center.

Patients/Participants:
Between January 2007 and August 2019, 25 consecutive patients with 51 nonunions with disabling pain or chronic instability were treated for nonunited rib fractures.

Intervention:
Rib nonunion reconstructions performed using plate and screw fixation, recannalizing the medullary canal and augmented with autogenous iliac crest bone graft.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Patient demographics, mechanism of injury, number of rib nonunions, and postoperative radiographs were assessed. Satisfaction, patient-reported complications, return to occupation and activity, and general health measures were captured using patient questionnaires.

Results:
In 25 patients, 51 painful rib nonunions were surgically treated. The average length from injury to surgical rib reconstruction was 25.1 months (range = 3–118 months; median = 12 months). Follow-up was obtained in 18 of 25 patients (72%) with a mean of 46.1 months (range = 13–139 months). All ribs achieved radiographic union at an average of 12.3 weeks (range = 8–24 weeks) after surgery. Sixteen of 18 patients (89%) reported satisfaction with surgery and 15 patients (83%) reported mild to no pain at final follow-up. Five patients had complications that all resolved after subsequent treatment.

Conclusions:
Successful treatment of symptomatic rib nonunion is possible using rib plates in conjunction with bone grafting and has high union rates, satisfactory results, and limited complications.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.