bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peptide or Protein‐Protected Metal Nanoclusters for Therapeutic Application
Authors: Chen Xiaolei , Ren Xiaojun , Gao Xueyun 
Published: September 2021

Comprehensive SummaryMetal nanoclusters have attracted much attention due to their ultra‐small size and unique properties. The integration of protein or peptide can bring a synergistic effect on the physicochemical and physiological properties of metal clusters. Metal nanoclusters protected by peptides or proteins exhibit excellent biocompatibility and better disease therapeutic effects. We focus on developing new metal nanoclusters and exploring their therapeutic mechanism, including inhibiting enzyme activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA strand break, and block of the signal pathway.
What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?The most favorite and original work we have done is the development of gold nanoclusters for diagnostic and therapeutic application.How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?I have a great passion for research on bioanalytical imaging and the biomedical effects of nanomaterials, which may contribute to early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. My research is focused on exploring the mechanism of protein or peptide‐protected metal nanoclusters in disease diagnosis and treatment with the expectation of leading to superior therapeutic outcomes.What is the most important personality for scientific research?In my opinion, respect for originality, bold imagination, and innovationare the most important qualities of scientific research.What is your favorite journal(s)?My favorite journal is Nature Nanotechnology, where we can see the top and latest research progress on nanomaterials and learn about the superiority of nanomaterials and their potential for development.What are your hobbies?I love classical culture, poetry, the beauty of the mood. I also like history, and enjoy visiting historical places to appreciate the local customs.If you have anything else to tell our readers, please feel free to do so.I hope that people who have just started independent research work will not rush for quick success, plan your own direction systematically from the long‐term development. Never go flat, but keep "climbing".
Coupling Interrupted Fischer and Multicomponent Joullié‐Ugi to Chase Chemical Diversity: from Batch to Sustainable Flow Synthesis of Peptidomimetics
Authors: Alfano Antonella Ilenia , Buommino Elisabetta , Ferraro Maria Grazia , Irace Carlo , Zampella Angela , Lange Heiko , Brindisi Margherita 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe generation of peptidomimetic substructures for medicinal chemistry purposes requires effective and divergent synthetic methods. We present in this work an efficient flow process that allows quick modulation of reagents for Joullié‐Ugi multicomponent reaction, using spiroindolenines as core motifs. This sterically hindered imine equivalent could successfully be diversified using various isocyanides and amino acids in generally good space‐time yields. A telescoped flow process combining interrupted Fischer reaction for spiroindolenine synthesis and subsequent Joullié‐Ugi‐type modification resulted in product formation in very good overall yield in less than 2 hours compared to 48 hours required in batch mode. The developed protocol can be seen as a general tool for rapid and facile generation of peptidomimetic compounds. We also showcase preliminary biological assessments for the prepared compounds.
Energy‐saving H2 Generation Coupled with Oxidative Alcohol Refining over Bimetallic Phosphide Ni2P−CoP Junction Bifunctional Electrocatalysts
Authors: Wu Dan , Hao Jie , Wang Weilin , Yu Yan , Fu Xian‐Zhu , Luo Jing‐Li 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe realization of large‐scale H2 production from electrocatalytic water splitting is severely impeded by the kinetically sluggish and economically less viable anodic oxygen evolution reaction. Here, an efficient strategy was established for the concurrent H2 production and oxidative alcohols refining into value‐added formate by utilizing self‐supported Ni2P−CoP bifunctional electrocatalysts. Benefiting from high intrinsic activity, abundant active sites, and synergistic promoting effects of bimetallic phosphides, the constructed two‐electrode electrolyzer required a cell voltage of around 1.3 V to achieve 10 mA cm−2, which is more than 200 mV lower than that of pure water splitting. Moreover, simultaneous productions of H2 with near‐unity conversion efficiency and formate at high faradaic efficiencies of 99.8 and 89.6 % oxidatively produced from methanol and glycerol, respectively, were achieved with excellent durability. This work presents a general and economic approach toward the fabrication of cost‐effective electrocatalysts for energy‐efficient and profitable large‐scale renewable energy integration.
Time in range in relation to amputation and all‐cause mortality in hospitalised patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Xie Puguang , Deng Bo , Zhang Xi , Li Yuyao , Du Chenzhen , Rui Shunli , Deng Wu , Boey Johnson , Armstrong David G. , Ma Yu , Deng Wuquan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association of time in range (TIR) with amputation and all‐cause mortality in hospitalised patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 303 hospitalised patients with DFUs. During hospitalisation, TIR, mean blood glucose (MBG), coefficient of variation (CV), time above range (TAR) and time below range (TBR) of patients were determined from seven‐point blood glucose profiles. Participants were grouped based on their clinical outcomes (i.e., amputation and death). Logistic regression was employed to analyse the association of TIR with amputation and all‐cause mortality of inpatients with DFUs.ResultsAmong the 303 enrolled patients, 50 (16.5%) had undergone amputation whereas seven (2.3%) were deceased. Blood glucose was determined in 41,012 samples obtained from all participants. Patients who underwent amputation had significantly lower TIR and higher MBG, CV, level 2 TAR and level 1 TBR whereas deceased patients had significantly lower TIR and higher MBG and level 2 TAR. Both amputation and all‐cause mortality rate declined with an increase in TIR quartiles. Logistic regression showed association of TIR with amputation (p = 0.034) and all‐cause mortality (p = 0.013) after controlling for 15 confounders. This association was similarly significant in all‐cause mortality after further adjustment for CV (p = 0.022) and level 1 TBR (p = 0.021), respectively.ConclusionsTIR is inversely associated with amputation and all‐cause mortality of hospitalised patients with DFUs. Further prospective studies are warranted to establish a causal relationship between TIR and clinical outcomes in patients with DFUs.
NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio for prognostication in European Caucasian patients enrolled in a heart failure prevention programme
Authors: Sweeney Claire , Pharithi Rebabonye B. , Kerr Brian , Ryan Cristin , Ryan Fiona , Collins Líbhan , Halley Carmel , Barrett Matt , Watson Chris J. , McDonald Kenneth , Ledwidge Mark 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsGuidelines support the role of B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and amino‐terminal pro‐BNP (NT‐proBNP) for risk stratification of patients in programmes to prevent heart failure (HF). Although biologically formed in a 1:1 ratio, the ratio of NT‐proBNP to BNP exhibits wide inter‐individual variability. A report on an Asian population suggests that molar NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio is associated with incident HF. This study aims to determine whether routine, simultaneous evaluation of both BNP and NT‐proBNP is warranted in a European, Caucasian population.Methods and ResultsWe determined BNP and NT‐proBNP levels for 782 Stage A/B HF patients in the STOP‐HF programme. The clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical associates of molar NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio were analysed. The primary endpoint was the adjusted association of baseline molar NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio with new‐onset HF and/or progression of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD). We estimated the C‐statistic, integrated discrimination improvement, and the category‐free net reclassification improvement metric for the addition of molar NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio to adjusted models. The median age was 66.6 years [interquartile range (IQR) 59.5–73.1], 371 (47.4%) were female, and median molar NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio was 1.91 (IQR 1.37–2.93). Estimated glomerular filtration rate, systolic blood pressure, left ventricular mass index, and heart rate were associated with NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio in a linear regression model (all P < 0.05). Over a median follow‐up period of 5 years (IQR 3.4–6.8), 247 (31.5%) patients developed HF or progression of LVD. Log‐transformed NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio is inversely associated with HF and LVD risk when adjusted for age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, vascular disease, obesity, heart rate, number of years of follow‐up, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and baseline NT‐proBNP (odds ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.55–0.91; P = 0.008). However, molar NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio did not increase the C‐statistic (Δ −0.01) and net reclassification improvement (0.0035) for prediction of HF and LVD compared with NT‐proBNP or BNP alone. Substitution of NT‐proBNP for BNP in the multivariable model eliminated the association with HF and LVD risk.ConclusionsThis study characterized, for the first time in a Caucasian Stage A/B HF population, the relationship between NT‐proBNP/BNP ratio and biological factors and demonstrated an inverse relationship with the future development of HF and LVD. However, this study does not support routine simultaneous BNP and NT‐proBNP measurement in HF prevention programmes amongst European, Caucasian patients.
Estimation of lithium‐ion battery state of charge for electric vehicles using a nonlinear state observer
Authors: Sakile Rajakumar , Sinha Umesh Kumar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe state of charge (SOC) estimation of lithium‐ion batteries is complex due to the various nonlinear uncertainties present in the battery. However, in this paper, a new nonlinear state observer (NSO) is proposed to be designed for the estimation of accurate and robust SOC. This proposed observer is suitable for both continuous and discrete‐time nonlinear systems. To design the nonlinear observer, two‐RC equivalent circuit model state equations are simulated for the dynamic behavior of the lithium‐ion battery. The seventh‐order polynomial fitting approach is assumed for the nonlinear relationship between open‐circuit voltage (OCV) and SOC, and the exponential fitting method is used to estimate the battery's offline parameters. Lyapunov's stability criterion achieves the stability and convergence capability of the proposed method. An urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) cycle was adopted to estimate the performance of the proposed observer by comparing it with the well‐established methods like unscented Kalman filter (UKF) and sliding mode observer (SMO) algorithms, and it was found that the proposed observer achieved better performance like accurate SOC, high convergence capability, and less SOC error.
Exploring the design and introduction of the Ophelia (Optimising Health Literacy and Access) process in the Philippines: A qualitative case study
Authors: Stubbs Thomas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIssue addressedThe Ophelia (Optimising Health Literacy and Access) process is a systematic approach for improving access to health information and services through health literacy interventions. However, there is limited understanding of how this process can be adapted in low‐ and‐ middle‐income countries.MethodsA qualitative case study was used to describe how an Ophelia project was designed and introduced in a community setting in the Philippines and to explore the experiences of stakeholders involved in this process. Two qualitative methods were used: document analysis (n = 12) and semi‐structured interviews (n = 12).ResultsData showed that the project stakeholders had embedded the eight Ophelia principles in the design of the project, introduced the Ophelia process in one target community, and conducted a health literacy needs assessment. Project stakeholders faced challenges engaging with local authorities and community members in this location, but overcame these issues through building relationships and understanding their needs. Local authorities and stakeholders provided access to resources and knowledge of this target community.ConclusionsThe Ophelia process can be adapted for a community setting in the Philippines. Understanding local communities is crucial for introducing and engaging participation in this process.So what?The Ophelia process may have implications for increasing access to health information and services for vulnerable populations in the Philippines and the Asia Pacific.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks as a New Platform for Enantioselective Separations
Authors: Verma Gaurav , Mehta Ruhi , Kumar Sanjay , Ma Shengqian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe enantioselective separation of racemic mixtures is highly important in the pharmaceutical, food and agrochemical sector. Metal‐organic frameworks, as a class of highly porous materials are emerging as highly efficient and selective platforms for chiral recognition and separation owing to their ultrahigh porosities, functionalized pore walls, controllable pore chemistry and presence of highly ordered chiral recognition sites. In this review, we summarize the progress made in the synthesis of chiral MOFs via direct and indirect methods, followed by their applications in some important chiral separations of alcohols, drugs, amino acids, biologically relevant molecules and important chiral organic mixtures. The developments in chiral MOF membranes as thin films for practical industrial use are also explored. Finally, the outlook for the MOFs as emerging platforms for enantioseparation and the future directions are discussed.
The Interaction of Acute-Phase Reaction and Efficacy for Osteoporosis After Zoledronic Acid: HORIZON Pivotal Fracture Trial
Authors: Black Dennis M. , Reid Ian R. , Napoli Nicola , Ewing Susan K. , Shiraki Masataka , Nakamura Toshitaka , Takeuchi Yasuhiro , Schafer Anne L. , Kim Tiffany Y. , Cauley Jane A. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Zoledronic acid (ZOL) as a yearly infusion is effective in reducing fracture risk. An acute-phase reaction (APR), consisting of flu-like symptoms within 3 days after infusion, is commonly seen. The objective of this analysis was to investigate whether APR occurrence influences drug efficacy. This analysis uses data from the 3-year randomized clinical trial, Health Outcomes and Reduced Incidence with Zoledronic Acid Once Yearly-Pivotal Fracture Trial (HORIZON-PFT). APRs were identified as adverse events within 3 days of first infusion with higher frequency in ZOL than placebo. To compare mean 3-year change in bone mineral density (BMD) in ZOL versus placebo, among women with and without APR, t tests were used. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between APR occurrence and odds of incident morphometric vertebral fracture. Cox regression was used to determine the risk of nonvertebral and hip fractures for women with versus without APR. Logistic and Cox models were used to determine the risk of incident fracture in ZOL versus placebo for women with and without an APR. The analysis included 3862 women in the ZOL group and 3852 in placebo, with 42.4% in ZOL versus 11.8% in placebo experiencing an APR. The difference in BMD mean change for ZOL versus placebo was similar for women with and without an APR (all p interaction &gt;0.10). Among ZOL women, those with APR had 51% lower vertebral fracture risk than those without (odds ratio [OR] = 0.49, p &lt; 0.001). A similar but nonsignificant trend was observed for nonvertebral and hip fracture (relative hazard [RH] = 0.82, p = 0.10; RH = 0.70, p = 0.22, respectively). There was a greater treatment-related reduction in vertebral fracture risk among women with APR (OR = 0.19) than those without (OR = 0.38) (p interaction = 0.01). Our results suggest that women starting ZOL who experience an APR will have a larger reduction in vertebral fracture risk with ZOL. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Total Hip Bone Mineral Density as an Indicator of Fracture Risk in Bisphosphonate-Treated Patients in a Real-World Setting
Authors: Banefelt Jonas , Timoshanko Jen , Söreskog Emma , Ortsäter Gustaf , Moayyeri Alireza , Åkesson Kristina E. , Spångéus Anna , Libanati Cesar 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Bone mineral density (BMD) is an established measure used to diagnose patients with osteoporosis. In clinical trials, change in BMD has been shown to provide a reliable estimate of fracture risk reduction, and achieved BMD T-score has been shown to reflect the near-term risk of fracture. We aimed to test the association between BMD T-score and fracture risk in patients treated for osteoporosis in a real-world setting. This retrospective, observational cohort study included Swedish females aged ≥55 years who had a total hip BMD measurement at one of three participating clinics. Patients were separated into two cohorts: bisphosphonate-treated and bisphosphonate-naïve prior to BMD measurement, stratified by age and prior nonvertebral fracture status. The primary outcome was cumulative incidence of clinical fractures within 24 months of BMD measurement, with other fracture types included as secondary outcomes. Associations between T-score and fracture risk were estimated using proportional hazards regression and restricted cubic splines. A total of 15,395 patients were analyzed: 11,973 bisphosphonate-naïve and 3422 bisphosphonate-treated. In the 24 months following BMD measurement, 6.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.9–6.7) of bisphosphonate-naïve and 8.4% (95% CI, 7.5–9.4) of bisphosphonate-treated patients experienced a clinical fracture. Strong inverse relationships between BMD T-score and fracture incidence were observed in both cohorts. Among bisphosphonate-naïve patients, this relationship appeared to plateau around T-score −1.5, indicating smaller marginal reductions in fracture risk above this value; bisphosphonate-treated patients showed a more consistent marginal change in fracture risk across the evaluated T-scores (−3.0 to –0.5). Trends remained robust regardless of age and prior fracture status. This real-world demonstration of a BMD–fracture risk association in both bisphosphonate-naïve and bisphosphonate-treated patients extends evidence from clinical trials and recent meta-regressions supporting the suitability of total hip BMD as a meaningful outcome for the clinical management of patients with osteoporosis. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Resistance exercise and nutritional interventions for augmenting sarcopenia outcomes in chronic kidney disease: a narrative review
Authors: Noor Hanaa , Reid Joanne , Slee Adrian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSarcopenia is an age‐related progressive muscle disease characterized by loss of muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance with high prevalence in chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is associated with decreased muscle protein synthesis and muscle breakdown due to a number of factors including, the uremic inflammatory environment of the disease. CKD patients are highly sedentary and at risk of malnutrition which may exacerbate sarcopenia outcomes even further. Short and long‐term exercise and nutritional interventions have been studied and found to have some positive effects on sarcopenia measures in CKD. This narrative review summarized evidence between 2010 and 2020 of resistance exercise (RE) alone or combined with nutritional interventions for improving sarcopenia outcomes in CKD. Due to lack of CKD‐specific sarcopenia measures, the second European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) definition has been used to guide the selection of the studies. The literature search identified 14 resistance exercise‐based studies and 5 nutrition plus RE interventional studies. Muscle strength outcomes were increased with longer intervention duration, intervention supervision, and high participant adherence. Data also suggested that CKD patients may require increased RE intensity and progressive loading to obtain detectable results in muscle mass. Unlike muscle strength and muscle mass, physical performance was readily improved by all types of exercise in long or short‐term interventions. Four studies used RE with high‐protein nutritional supplementation. These showed significant benefits on muscle strength and physical performance in dialysis patients while non‐significant results were found in muscle mass. More research is needed to confirm if a combination of RE and vitamin D supplementation could act synergistically to improve muscle strength in CKD. The current evidence on progressive RE for sarcopenia in CKD is encouraging; however, real‐life applications in clinical settings are still very limited. A multidisciplinary patient‐centred approach with regular follow‐up may be most beneficial due to the complexity of sarcopenia in CKD. Long‐term randomized control trials are needed to verify optimal RE prescription and explore safety and efficacy of other nutritional interventions in CKD.
Improvement of light olefins production over the Co‐Ni‐Mn nano‐catalyst: modeling and optimization of process by RSM
Authors: Arsalanfar Maryam , Abdouss Majid , Abdouss Hamidreza , Nouri Azita 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe co‐precipitated Co‐Ni‐Mn nano‐catalysts were evaluated for carbon monoxide hydrogenation. The influence of Al2O3, SiO2, Zeolite, Active carbon, MgO supports and then the effect of best chosen support loading on the catalytic behavior and structure of ternary Co‐Ni‐Mn nano‐catalysts were studied. The Co‐Ni‐Mn/20 wt%SiO2 sample has shown highest selectivity toward light olefins production. Furthermore the influence of process conditions was investigated. Evaluation tests were performed under process conditions of P = 1–10 bar, T = 523‐623 K, and H2/CO = 0.67–3. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method was used for modeling and optimization process and the best conditions for catalyst evaluation were determined (T = 598.16 K, P = 1 atm and H2/CO = 2.19). Under these conditions the highest selectivity of light olefins, higher CO conversion % and lower selectivity toward methane were achieved. Catalysts characteristics were investigated using XRD, BET, TEM, TGA, DSC, SEM, XPS, and TPR techniques. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).