bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONTRATO E REALIZAÇÃO EM ROUSSEAU
Authors: Silva Antonio Cesar Ferreira da 
Published: June 2021

Para Rousseau, ao se pensar sobre a estrutura política, é fundamental que se leve em conta a condição humana. Compreender como o homem pôde se realizar fora do contexto natural é compreender que a sociabilidade foi a única via possível para tal intento. Pensar política, pensar sociedade é pensar o homem. E isso Rousseau fez de forma exemplar, partindo sempre da condição que poderia viabilizar a realização do indivíduo; e procurou uma solução a partir da unidade entre aquilo que o homem queria construir para lhe fornecer uma boa condição de vida e aquilo que ele aspirava no seu mais íntimo sentimento, o sentimento de existência. Procurou considerar a vida do homem não dissociando as estruturas do estado em que o homem vivia e as estruturas da sua constituição. Essa via dá unidade ao pensamento rousseauniano, pois é a via que liga suas obras mais sistêmicas às obras de cunho mais antropológico. Daí não se compreender o projeto social de Rousseau sem a ligação com obras que abordam o homem em sua constituição, como é o caso do Discurso sobre a origem e os fundamentos da desigualdade entre os homens . Assim, tratar sobre a melhor forma de sociabilidade é tratar da relação entre essa forma e as aspirações do homem expressas pelo seu sentimento de existência.
Highly tunable thermal emitter with vanadium dioxide metamaterials for radiative cooling
Authors: Jia Yuanlin , Wang Xiaoxia , Yin Huaiyuan , Yao Huawei , Wang Junqiao , Fan Chunzhen 
Published: June 2021

An efficient thermal emitter for selective radiative cooling is realized with vanadium dioxide metamaterials. The novel structure consists of patterned

V
O

2

metamaterials on the multilayer substrate and a composite layer on it. To obtain the enhanced emissivity, the influence of the top composite layer and external thermal stimuli are comprehensively optimized. The emissivity can reach up to 0.952 in the metallic phase of

V
O

2

with a composite layer in the atmospheric window, which is due to strong localization of the electric field in the cavity. The influence on the emissivity with different incident angles and geometric parameters is investigated elaborately. Finally, the cooling power is calculated and achieves a high value of

710

W

/

m

2

at 383 K, which is significantly higher than that of previous works. Thus, our proposed tunable emitter with high performance will be beneficial to the dynamic radiative cooling system and may open a potential application in building cooling and intelligent windows.
Broadband absorption coating for large-curvature surfaces by atomic
layer deposition
Authors: Zheng Tingting , Yang Chenying , Zhang Yueguang , Wang Hailan , Chen Xiao , Li Yaguo , Xu Qiao , Shen Weidong 
Published: June 2021

For many applications, large curvature surfaces or complicated 3D structures are
required to absorb light that falls on them to reduce stray light or
energy collection. A novel, to the best of our knowledge, strategy
with a metal–dielectric film stack by the atomic layer deposition
technique is put forward to achieve broadband absorption coating
covering both sides of a quartz tube completely. Absorptive metallic
material of titanium–aluminum–carbon composite and dielectric material
of aluminum oxide (

A
l

2

O

3

) is employed to realize high
absorption (

>

99

%

) for the 400–780 nm band with the
configuration of a six-layer metal–dielectric film stack. Good angle
insensitivity up to 50° for

P

- and

S

-polarizations is demonstrated
experimentally with the proposed structure on a glass slab. The
average absorption of the coated quartz tube reaches as high as 99%
for all curving areas on the inner and outer sides, while the
nonuniformity is confined to 1.5% for the axial and circumferential
directions. This presented approach has enormous potential in the
fields of optical detection, optical imaging, optical sensing, and
energy management.
Titanium content influence on the optical response characteristics of TiO2/ormosils composite films doped with azobenzene
Authors: Zhang Xuehua , Liu Shun , Xue Chu , Zhang Wei , Sun Rui , Hu Fangren 
Published: June 2021

T
i

O

2

-based organic–inorganic composite films doped with azobenzene and photosensitive groups were prepared by combining a low-temperature solgel technique and a spin-coating method. The influence of

T
i

O

2

content on the optical and structural properties of the composite films including the film thickness, the refractive index, the transmission loss, the thermal gravity analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra was studied. Photoisomerization and optical switching characteristics of the composite film were investigated under the irradiation of 365 nm ultraviolet light and 450 nm visible light. Results indicate that several micrometer thick films can be easily obtained at room temperature and there is a proportional relationship between the refractive index value and the

T
i

O

2

content. In addition, the composite films have a low optical propagation loss of about 0.1 dB/cm. The composite films with 0.2 M

T
i

O

2

content have an obvious photoisomerization and good optical switching properties. Finally, the hexagonal microlens array was fabricated in the composite films by using an ultraviolet nanoimprint technology. All these results above indicate that the as-prepared

T
i

O

2

-based organic–inorganic composite film has potential applications in optical switching devices and photonic elements.
Graphene metalens with dynamic focusing and plane focusing in the terahertz range
Authors: He Junjie , Chen Runkai , Li Yifan , Chen Songpei , Liu Zhongmin , Zhang Qingmao 
Published: June 2021

We theoretically propose a high-efficiency tunable metalens based on an ellipse-shaped perforated graphene metasurface. By optimizing the axial length ratio of the elliptical aperture, we find the elliptical aperture with high reflectivity over a broad band by means of observing the reflectivity at different frequencies. Then, varying the orientation of the elliptical aperture from 0° to 180°, the reflected wave can generate a continuous

2
π

range phase shift while keeping its amplitude high, which is necessary to achieve focusing. The metalens exhibits extraordinary tunability of focal length via uniformly changing the Fermi energy of graphene. The focus can be shifted above 72 µm with focusing efficiency reaching over 70%. In addition, the tunable metalens is also capable of broadband focusing modulation and plane focusing. The presented metalens exhibits outstanding focusing efficiency in dynamic focusing, thereby manifesting great practicability in dynamic imaging and robust stable imaging.
NFV orchestration over disaggregated metro optical networks with end-to-end multi-layer slicing enabling crowdsourced live video streaming
Authors: Muqaddas Abubakar Siddique , Tessinari Rodrigo Stange , Casellas Ramon , Garrich Miquel , Hugues-Salas Emilio , González de Dios Óscar , Luque Lourdes , Giorgetti Alessio , Sgambelluri Andrea , Cugini Filippo , Moreno-Muro Francisco-Javier , Morro Roberto , Farrow Kristan , Wonfor Adrian , Channegowda Mayur , Pavón-Mariño Pablo , Lord Andrew , Nejabati Reza , Simeonidou Dimitra 
Published: June 2021

Network infrastructure must support emerging applications, fulfill 5G requirements, and respond to the sudden increase of societal need for remote communications. Remarkably, crowdsourced live video streaming (CLVS) challenges operators’ infrastructure with tides of users attending major sport or public events that demand high bandwidth and low latency jointly with computing capabilities at the networks’ edge. The Metro-Haul project entered the scene proposing a cost-effective, agile, and disaggregated infrastructure for the metro segment encompassing optical and packet resources jointly with computing capabilities. Recently, a major Metro-Haul outcome took the form of a field trial of network function virtualization (NFV) orchestration over the multi-layer packet and disaggregated optical network testbed that demonstrated a CLVS use case. We showcased the average service creation time below 5 min, which met the key performance indicator as defined by the 5G infrastructure public private partnership. In this paper, we expand our field trial demonstration with a detailed view of the Metro-Haul testbed for the CLVS use case, the employed components, and their performance. The throughput of the service is increased from approximately 9.6 Gbps up to 35 Gbps per virtual local area network with high-performance VNFs based on single-root input/output virtualization technology.
Analysis of wavelength deployment schemes in terms of optical network unit cost and upstream transmission performance in NG-EPONs
Authors: Zhang Chenxiao , Yang Mingcong , Zheng Weichang , Zheng Yu , Wu Yunyi , Zhang Yongbing 
Published: June 2021

Next-generation Ethernet passive optical networks (NG-EPONs) were standardized by the IEEE 802.3 Working Group in 2020 [IEEE 802.3ca-2020–IEEE Standard for Ethernet Amendment 9: physical layer specifications and management parameters for 25 Gb/s and 50 Gb/s passive optical networks, 2020]. Due to the channel bonding technology [“Recent progress on 25G EPON and beyond,” in 42nd European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC) (2016).] adopted by NG-EPONs, multiple wavelengths can be assigned to an optical network unit (ONU) simultaneously, leading to higher peak transmission rates. As a result, assigning traffic in multiple wavelength channels provides greater scheduling flexibility, a higher peak upstream rate, and better upstream transmission performance (i.e., lower latency); however, it leads to the use of high-cost ONUs with multiple transceivers and further increases the total cost of NG-EPONs. Therefore, selecting a proper wavelength deployment scheme is very important when designing future NG-EPONs. In this paper, we focus on the trade-off between ONU cost and the upstream performance in a static scenario, and we develop an integer linear programming model to formulate the problem. In addition, we propose a heuristic wavelength deployment scheme comparison and selection (WDSCS) algorithm to effectively select appropriate wavelength deployment schemes. According to our simulation results, our proposed WDSCS algorithm can efficiently find a finer number of deployment wavelengths to balance the cost of ONUs and the upstream transmission performance. The wavelength deployment schemes for future NG-EPONs can also be specified based on whether network operators prioritize network performance or cost.
Tunable vortex beam generation using an optical parametric oscillator with an antiresonant-ring interferometer
Authors: Sharma Varun , Kumar S. Chaitanya , Samanta G. K. , Ebrahim-Zadeh M. 
Published: June 2021

We report a high-average-power picosecond optical vortex source tunable in the near-infrared, using an antiresonant-ring (ARR) interferometer internal to an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) in combination with an external cylindrical lens for astigmatic mode conversion. The ARR OPO is tunable in the signal across 1457–1647 nm with a vortex intensity profile and up to 1 W of average power at 1602 nm. The corresponding idler is tunable over 3006–3945 nm in a Gaussian intensity profile with as much as 1.6 W at 3168 nm. The vortex signal and the Gaussian idler exhibit passive power stability better than 1.7% rms and 1.3% rms, respectively, over

>

1

h

. The signal pulses have a Gaussian duration of

<

19

p
s

with a time–bandwidth product of

Δ
τ
Δ
ν
<
3.6

across the tuning range.
Brillouin-scattering-induced transparency enabled reconfigurable sensing of RF signals
Authors: Kadum Jaffar , Das Ranjan , Misra Arijit , Schneider Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Real-time spectrum sensing is essential to enable dynamic and rapid spectrum sharing of unused frequencies to cater the substantial demands of new wireless services deploying the existing RF bands. In this paper, we present a novel, real-time spectrum sensing approach for widely used RF signals based on Brillouin-scattering-induced transparency (BIT). A temporal discrimination of multi-channel input frequencies is achieved through the group delay tuning by BIT. By tuning the pump power and frequency, the proposed technique is fully reconfigurable and viable for a broad range of spectrum sensing. Several experimental illustrations of the time domain sensing are presented for two-tone channels with 0.9, 1.8, and 5 GHz frequencies to detect the unused spectrum within 3G, 4G, and 5G signals.
Correlation among isolated teratozoospermia, sperm DNA fragmentation and markers of systemic inflammation in primary infertile men
Authors: Candela Luigi , Boeri Luca , Capogrosso Paolo , Cazzaniga Walter , Pozzi Edoardo , Belladelli Federico , Baudo Andrea , Ravizzoli Andrea , Ventimiglia Eugenio , Viganò Paola , Alfano Massimo , Abbate Costantino , Cornelius Julian , Mattei Agostino , Montorsi Francesco , Salonia Andrea 
Published: June 2021

AimTo assess the prevalence of isolated teratozoospermia (iTZS) in a cohort of infertile and fertile men; explore the relationship between iTZS, inflammatory parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index (SDF) in the same cohort.Materials and methods1824 infertile men and 103 fertile controls. Semen analysis, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and serum hormones were investigated. DFI was tested in infertile men only. According to 2010 WHO semen analysis, patients were categorized in 3 sub-groups of isolated sperm defects: isolated oligozoospermia (iOZS), isolated asthenozoospermia (iAZS) and iTZS. Descriptive statistics and linear regression models tested the association between clinical variables and inflammatory markers.ResultsAmong infertile men, iAZS, iTZS, and iOZS were found in 13.9%, 11.9% and 4.1% participants, respectively. iTZS was found in 37 (35.9%) fertile men. Infertile men with iTZS had higher NLR values than those with iOZS, iAZS and men with normal semen parameters (all p<0.001). FSH and LH were higher and inhibin B lower in iOZS infertile men compared to all other groups (p≤0.001). Hormonal characteristics were similar between iTZS infertile and fertile men. Similarly, iTZS infertile men had higher SDF than all other groups (all p<0.001). Infertile men with iTZS had higher NLR values than fertile men with iTZS (p<0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that, in infertile men, iTZS was associated with SDF and NLR (all p≤0.01).ConclusionsiTZS was found in 11.9% of infertile men but it was even more prevalent in fertile controls. Infertile men with iTZS had higher NLR than fertile controls and increased SDF values than infertile participant with iAZS, iOZS, or normal semen parameters. No differences in hormonal characteristics were found between infertile and fertile men with iTZS.
Fees Must Fall: Student Revolt, Decolonisation, and Governance in South Africa, Susan Booysen (ed.) (2016)
Authors: Weston Alia 
Published: June 2021

Review of: Fees Must Fall: Student Revolt, Decolonisation, and Governance in South Africa, Susan Booysen (ed.) (2016)
Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 350 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-86814-985-8, p/bk, USD35
Eigenvalues of the Ricci Operator on Four-Dimensional Locally Homogeneous (Pseudo)Riemannian Manifolds with a Four-Dimensional Isotropy Subgroup
Authors: Vylegzhanin D.V. , Klepikov P.N. , Khromova O.P. 
Published: June 2021

The problem of restoring a (pseudo)Riemannian manifold from a given Ricci operator was studied in the papers of many mathematicians. This problem was solved by O. Kowalski and S. Nikcevic for the case of three-dimensional locally homogeneous Riemannian manifolds. The work of G. Calvaruso and O. Kowalski contains the answer to the question above for the case of three –dimensional locally homogeneous Lorentzian manifolds.
For the four-dimensional case, similar studies were carried out only in the case of Lie groups with a left-invariant Riemannian metric. The works of A.G. Kremlyov and Yu.G. Nikonorov presented the possible signatures of the eigenvalues of the Ricci operator. However, the question of recovering a four-dimensional Lie group with a left-invariant Riemannian metric from a given Ricci operator remains open.
This paper is devoted to the study of the eigenvalues of the Ricci operator on four-dimensional locally homogeneous (pseudo)Riemannian manifolds with a four-dimensional isotropy subgroup. An algorithm for calculating the eigenvalues of the Ricci operator is presented. A theorem on the restoration of such manifolds from a given Ricci operator is proved. It is established that such possibility can happen only in the case when the prescribed operator is diagonalizable and has a unique eigenvalue of multiplicity four.
Legal issues surrounding the admissibility of electronic evidence in Tanzania
Authors: John Ubena 
Published: June 2021

Tanzania has a law governing the admissibility of electronic evidence. This law brought several changes. It provides for the manner in which electronic evidence may be admitted. It also prescribes the requirements for determining the authenticity of electronic evidence. But the law seems to be incomplete and wrong in some instances. It obscures the procedure for laying the foundation of electronic evidence before its admission into evidence. Moreover, it ignores the role of digital evidence professionals in handling electronic evidence. Furthermore, the rulings of the High Court of Tanzania on the authenticity and admissibility of electronic evidence are conflicting. It is suggested that the law ought to provide for a procedure for laying the foundation of electronic evidence, and a digital evidence professional be involved in cases involving electronic evidence.
Index words: Tanzania; electronic evidence; admissibility; legal issues
Low-Grade Endotoxemia and Thrombosis in COVID-19
Authors: Oliva Alessandra , Cammisotto Vittoria , Cangemi Roberto , Ferro Domenico , Miele Maria Claudia , De Angelis Massimiliano , Cancelli Francesca , Pignatelli Pasquale , Venditti Mario , Pugliese Francesco , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Violi Francesco 
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Patients with community-acquired pneumonia display enhanced levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) compared with controls, suggesting that low-grade endotoxemia may be implicated in vascular disturbances. It is unknown whether this occurs in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) and its impact on thrombotic complications.

METHODS:
We measured serum levels of zonulin, a marker of gut permeability, LPS, and D-dimer in 81 patients with COVID-19 and 81 healthy subjects; the occurrence of thrombotic events in COVID-19 during the intrahospital stay was registered.

RESULTS:
Serum LPS and zonulin were higher in patients with COVID-19 than in control subjects and, in COVID-19, significantly correlated (R = 0.513; P < 0.001). Among the 81 patients with COVID-19, 11 (14%) experienced thrombotic events in the arterial (n = 5) and venous circulation (n = 6) during a median follow-up of 18 days (interquartile range 11–27 days). A logistic regression analysis showed that LPS (P = 0.024) and D-dimer (P = 0.041) independently predicted thrombotic events.

DISCUSSION:
The study reports that low-grade endotoxemia is detectable in patients with COVID-19 and is associated with thrombotic events. The coexistence of low-grade endotoxemia with enhanced levels of zonulin may suggest enhanced gut permeability as an underlying mechanism.

JOURNAL/cltg/04.03/01720094-202106000-00005/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T172516Z/r/image-tiff
Environmental Issue in the Caucasus Mountains: Prospects for Solving the Issue
Authors: BAGIROV Huseyngulu Seyid oglu 
Published: June 2021

The modern stage in the development of civilization is characterized by the growth of contradictions between society and nature. In this regard, the study, the assessment, and the protection of biological and current landscape diversity have become a serious global environmental issue. The search for solutions is not merely an item of theoretical significance, but also great practical importance. This is not only a matter of the increasing pressure on various components of the anthropogenic environment and even on an entire ecosystem. At the same time, particularly regarding reform, there has been a clear shortage of theoretical and experimental studies of ecological systems at the regional and local levels.
The Caucasus is noted for its high biodiversity and is among 200 priority regions. The North Caucasus is an integral part of the whole Caucasus, and currently is one of Russia’s most densely populated and developed regions.
The region is facing a serious problem of developing a set of measures to maintain biological diversity, preserve biological resources, as well as optimize environmental management. Contemporary international studies (for example, the Johannesburg Memorandum, 2002) do not provide adequate tools for achieving the ideals of sustainable development, especially from a regional perspective. Classical ecology makes it possible to identify and formulate problems that threaten biodiversity. However, realistic and constructive proposals for their implementation have not yet been developed.
The purpose of the study is to assess the current state of the ecosystems of the Caucasus Mountains for the development of ecological networks as the basis for the conservation of biological diversity.
Legal Policy to Improve the Activities of Government Bodies and the Law Enforcement System Considerring the Specifics of the Territory Northern Region
Authors: AVDEEV Vadim Avdeevich , ANISIMOV Valery Filippovich , MOROZOV Aleksey Vital'yevich , SHULYAK Igor Mikhaylovich , KALLIMULIN Tair Rustamovich 
Published: June 2021

The article explores the key directions to improve the effectiveness of legal policy on the management for small indigenous peoples in the context of globalization. The importance of the preservation and development of ethnic groups in the Northern regions is noted.
The article investigates the issues of improving the legal tools for regulating public relations related to the indigenous peoples of the North. Close attention is paid to the importance of managing the indigenous small numbered peoples of the North taking into account state policy. An analysis is given for the characteristics of indigenous peoples and their different levels of economic, social and cultural development.