bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Territorial characteristic through residential boundaries on Indo-Tiongkok relocation housing in Neuheun, Aceh Besar
Authors: Shah A , Wulandari E , Izziah  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Residents create boundaries through territories control according to what they feel, need, and their abilities in technical and technology. That is why territorial boundaries will be able to reflect the characteristics of the particular residents. This research is conducted in Indo-Tiongkok relocation housing which is located in a rural hilly area. Those aided houses were uniformly shaped given to the tsunami victims with very diverse socio-cultural conditions. This research uses survey methodology, observes the architectural object of plot boundaries, and in-depth interviews to find out the reasons for the creation of the boundary pattern. The result shows the characteristic in general, the pattern of the fence as a boundary appears based on social needs (self-actualization) and external disturbances, namely: a) disturbance that appears in limiting the activities of foreigners to the residential area; b) disturbance from animal pests to protect gardens and houses.. This research concludes that the development of residential boundaries for relocation housing is influenced not only from the internal aspects of the residents but also from the external aspects of the environment. In determining the relocation of post-disaster relief homes in rural areas, the threat of wild animals needs to be considered in planning housing areas.
Reventing brittle hybrid high-strength reinforced concrete slab collapse due to punching shear using coal flyash substitution, tie wire fiber and polypropylene fiber
Authors: Aulia T B , Hayati Y , Idris Y , Amalia Z , Handoko E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Heavy vehicles crossing a bridge could lead in punching shear failure at reinforced concrete deck slab due to highly concentrated axial compressive load from their wheels. This may occur in a very brittle manner and difficult to fix. Effort in improving punching shear capacity of deck slab is with using high-strength concrete and adding fibers into concrete. However, high-strength concretes are not environmentally friendly because using a lot of cement contributing to large CO2 emissions to the atmosphere during its production, therefore coal flyash is used as a part of cement substitution. Based on these facts, this research aims to analyze punching shear capacity of hybrid high-strength reinforced concrete slabs using coal flyash as cement substitution which added with tie wire fiber and polypropylene fiber. The amount of coal flyash was taken 15% from cement weight as cement substitution, tie wire fiber 2% from concrete volume having aspect ratio l/d of 40 and straight shaped fiber geometry, as well as polypropylene fiber 0.2% from concrete volume. Three hybrid high-strength reinforced concrete slabs of 60 × 60 cm2 (two-way-slab) with a thickness 12 cm, w/c-ratio of 0.30 and concrete cylinder compressive strength of f′c = 60 MPa were made with 15% coal flyash and 2% tie wire fiber (CFA-TWF), 15% coal flyash and 0.2% polypropylene fiber (CFA-PPF), as well as 15% coal flyash and combination of 2% tie wire fiber and 0.2% polypropylene fiber (CFA-TWF-PPF). One plain slab without flyash and fibers (PSHSC) was tested as a comparison. To guarantee the punching shear failure mechanism, the slabs were reinforced with tensile reinforcement of 10 Ø 10.5 mm which was distributed to each direction and tested then by giving a concentrated punching load. The results showed that using of coal flyash substitution and addition of fibers could significantly increase the punching shear capacity and structural ductility of hybrid high-strength concrete slabs with the highest enhance both achieved in CFA-TWF-PPF, i.e., 67.91% for punching shear capacity and 92.82% for structural ductility compared with plain slab PSHSC.
The effect of particle size and dosage on the performance of Papaya seeds (Carica papaya) as biocoagulant on wastewater treatment of batik industry
Authors: Putra R S , Airun N H 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, the performance of papaya seeds(Carica papaya)as biocoagulant was evaluated using Batik wastewater which referred to the water sample. The effectiveness of particle size and dosage of papaya seeds were evaluated based on turbidity removal (%), total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC). The Tyndall effect of clear solution was also evaluated in this study. The results showed that the turbidity removal of water sample achieved as much as 92.2%, and had followed by the decreasing of TDS and EC. The optimum results from the decrease in turbidity, TDS, and EC were obtained at the particle size of 250 mesh and the biocoagulant dosage of 1000 mg. The measurement of the Tyndall effect has concluded that the water sample has to remain the colloidal particle even though the treatment water as clear as the quality standard of freshwater.
Study of linearity and stability of Pb(II)-1,10-phenanthroline complex with the presence of Fe (II) dan Mg (II) matrix ions using UV-Vis spectrophotometry
Authors: Nisah K , Ramli M , Marlina  , Idroes R , Safitri E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The effect of Fe (II) and Mg (II) as matrix ions in the determination of Pb (II) based on 1,10-phenanthroline complexing agent at pH 7 had been investigated. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of Fe (II) and Mg (II) on the determination of Pb (II) using the complexing agent 1,10-phenanthroline. The absorbance determination using a spectrophotometer was conducted at a wavelength of 302.5 nm for Pb (II)-1,10-Phenanthroline. Linear correlation between the investigated absorbance on Pb concentration was represented by a linear equation of y = 0.0131 x + 0.8693 (R2= 0.9613). From the linear equation, it was obtained the increase in sensitivity and linearity for Mg (II), as well as the decrease in sensitivity and linearity for Fe (II). It revealed that Fe (II) and Mg (II) affects the analysis of Pb (II) using 1,10-phenanthroline complexing agent. In order to achieve stability of Pb (II)-1,10-Phenanthroline, it was compared with Mg (II)-1,10-Phenanthroline and Fe (II)-1,10-Phenanthroline. It suggested that Pb (II), Mg (II) and Fe (II) had an equivalent binding strength against 1,10-Phenanthroline.
Application of Near-Infrared spectroscopy and chemometric (PCA) in variety holothuria atra and holothuria scabra in Simeuleu, Aceh province
Authors: Ikhsan I , Yusnaini R , Nasution R , Munawar A A , Idroes R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As the largest maritime country globally, Indonesia has a variety of potential marine biota that can be explored as a source of nutrition and raw materials for medicine. As one of the marine biota, Sea cucumbers have been widely recognized by the public as a medicine for treatment from generation to generation. With the breadth and variation of Indonesian waters’ characteristics, it is possible to have differences in the nutritional and bioactive content of various types and sources of sea cucumber. This study analyzes the compounds in Holothuria atra, and Holothuria scabra dried sea cucumbers using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). Spectrum data of dried sea cucumber samples were obtained from the absorbance spectrum in the wavelength range of 780 nm - 2500 nm with a resolution of 0.02 nm and 32 scans. The spectrum data is then projected onto principal component analysis (PCA) to extract data and observe similarities between the two samples. The results showed that there was no difference between the Holothuria atra and Holothuria scabra dry samples in terms of the spectral data showing their molecular bonds. However, the essential chemical structure related to the content of sea cucumbers is vibrating in the Near-infrared region, especially in the waves 1147, 1310, 1452, 1667, 1819, 1920, and 2235 nm, indicates the presence of molecular bonds C-H, O-H, C-O, C-H-O, N-H, and S-H. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that NIRS has the potential to analyze and determine several quality attributes of sea cucumber samples with further calibration modeling.
The influences of operating conditions on the removal of Fe(II) in water by adsorption using bentonite as a low-cost adsorbent
Authors: Jannah M , Mulyati S , Rosnelly C M , Muchtar S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The contamination of Fe2+ in groundwater is a problem that needs to be handled seriously as it can cause health problems for humans. In this study, the adsorption process method is conducted by use of natural bentonite from North Aceh. This process is expected to reduce Fe2+ as effectively as possible. The adsorption process is carried out by varying the contact time, adsorbent dose, and pH of the sample. The most effective contact time is obtained at 160 minutes, the adsorbent dose is 1 g/L and the pH of the sample is in neutral condition. With the initial concentration of metal in the sample solution of 20 mg/L, the adsorption process is able to remove 85.5% of Fe with the remaining Fe in the water of only 2.82 g/L.
The utilization of activated carbon from Jamblang tree bark to adsorb lead heavy metal ion
Authors: Mariana  , Mulana F , Muchtar S , Fadhilah A , Febrina C Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the characterization of activated carbon from Jamblang tree bark, the adsorption capacity and adsorption efficiency and the type of adsorption isotherm. The type of adsorbents used in this study are those without activation, with physical, chemical, and physical chemical activation. The preparation of adsorbent is initiated with carbonization of Jamblang tree bark at 400 °C for 3 hours, then physically activated by heating at 600 °C for 6 hours, chemically with 0.3 M HCl solution, and heating following with immersion with HCl solution. The adsorption process is performed atseveral adsorption time of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes and initial adsorbate concentrations of 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 ppm. The performance of prepared activated carbonsis tested on the adsorption of Pb metal ions. Several characterizations are carried out such as using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the morphology of activated carbon, Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrophotometer (FTIR) determines functional groups, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) determines composition and Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) determines the surface area and pore size. The results show that the best adsorption capacity and efficiency are obtained at adsorption process usiang chemical-physically activated adsorbent with an optimum time of 120 minutes and an initial adsorbate concentration of 125 ppm. The achieved adsorption capacity and efficiency capacity are 57.28 mg/gr and 60.45%, respectively. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm model.
The influence of temperatures, polarity, modifier and pressure to retention index in supercritical fluid chromatography: A review
Authors: Idroes R , Muslem  , Mahmudi  , Saiful  , Paristiowati M , Idroes G M , Suhendra R , Maulana A , Noviandy T R , Irvanizam  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Changes in analysis parameters affect the retention index calculation on all chromatography systems. In Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, the analysis parameters are more than Gas Chromatography or Liquid Chromatography. In this study, the effect of all those parameters were presented based on the research that has developed to date. The data and the information were collected from the previous published articles. The changes in the analysis parameters which are temperature, polarity, modifier, and pressure on SFC affected the retention index calculation, but the significant levels were different. The pressure change has the least significant effect for both polar and non-polar analytes. The temperature and stationary phase polarity changes have insignificant effects for non-polar analyte, but significant for polar one. Meanwhile, the modifier change have a very significant effect, both for polar and non-polar analytes.
Utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles in geothermal exploration: A review
Authors: Marwan  , Noviandy T R , Maulana A , Suhendra R , Yusuf M , Lala A , Idroes G M , Muslem  , Mahmudi  , Idroes R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Geothermal is a source of heat energy from the earth and is a renewable energy source. Geothermal exploitation as an energy source is still ongoing. Recently there has been an increase in the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology as an alternative option in aerial surveys and observations in geothermal areas. The use of UAVs in geothermal exploration is an alternative option. This is because the unmanned aerial vehicle has many advantages and features that can be utilized. Various studies that have been conducted have shown that the use of UAVs has become a method that brings changes in the exploration process of geothermal areas. UAVs are proven to assist in the geothermal exploration process and produce fast, reliable, and cost-effective solutions. UAVs also help explore geothermal areas that were previously difficult to study, namely areas with extreme environmental conditions and rugged access terrain. UAVs can also be used to search for potential sources as new manifestations in geothermal areas so that the points of manifestation in geothermal areas can be identified. This is very helpful in increasing the efficiency and less risk for the researcher.
The comparison of k-modes clustering and ROCK clustering to the poverty indicator in Samadua Subdistrict, South Aceh
Authors: Sofyan H , Iqbal M , Marzuki M , Muhammad M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The cluster methods including k-modes clustering and ROCK clustering are rarely used for analyzing categorical data. Much of the research data, however, are categorical, such as the poverty indicator dataset. Many studies have examined each of these two methods, but there is still limited study for comparing them. This study compared between k-modes clustering and ROCK clustering on a dataset of poverty indicators at a category scale. There were 1449 households with the lowest 40% income in Samadua Sub-district, South Aceh Regency were used as data in this study. The result of this research was that the optimal number of clusters for k-modes clustering was 2. Similarly, the optimal number of clusters for ROCK clustering was 2 with a threshold value (θ) of 0.29. The SW/SB and R-Squared values for the k-modes clustering were 0.0149 and 0.7558, respectively, compared to 0.0682 and 0.5732 for ROCK clustering. From these two values, it can be concluded that the k-modes clustering is better than ROCK clustering. The significant difference between the two clusters based on deciles of households with the lowest 40% income of the k-modes clustering is ownership of defecation facilities, ownership of television and motorbikes.
Mastering the difficulties presented by the peculiarities of island life. A commentary on: ‘Reconstruction of the spatio-temporal diversification and ecological niche evolution of Helianthemum (Cistaceae) in the Canary Islands using genotyping-by-sequence data’
Authors: Carine Mark 
Published: February 2021

This article comments on:
Rafael G. Albaladejo, Sara Martín-Hernanz, J. Alfredo Reyes-Betancort, Arnoldo Santos-Guerra, María Olangua-Corral and Abelardo Aparicio Reconstruction of the spatio-temporal diversification and ecological niche evolution of Helianthemum (Cistaceae) in the Canary Islands using genotyping-by-sequencing data, Annals of Botany, Volume 127, Issue 5, 16 April 2021, Pages 597–611, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa090
VoroCNN: deep convolutional neural network built on 3D Voronoi tessellation of protein structures
Authors: Igashov Ilia , Olechnovič Kliment , Kadukova Maria , Venclovas Česlovas , Grudinin Sergei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Effective use of evolutionary information has recently led to tremendous progress in computational prediction of three-dimensional (3D) structures of proteins and their complexes. Despite the progress, the accuracy of predicted structures tends to vary considerably from case to case. Since the utility of computational models depends on their accuracy, reliable estimates of deviation between predicted and native structures are of utmost importance.

Results
For the first time, we present a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) constructed on a Voronoi tessellation of 3D molecular structures. Despite the irregular data domain, our data representation allows us to efficiently introduce both convolution and pooling operations and train the network in an end-to-end fashion without precomputed descriptors. The resultant model, VoroCNN, predicts local qualities of 3D protein folds. The prediction results are competitive to state of the art and superior to the previous 3D CNN architectures built for the same task. We also discuss practical applications of VoroCNN, for example, in recognition of protein binding interfaces.

Availability and implementation
The model, data and evaluation tests are available at https://team.inria.fr/nano-d/software/vorocnn/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Prolonged disorders of consciousness: a critical evaluation of the new UK guidelines
Authors: Scolding Neil , Owen Adrian M , Keown John 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In March 2020, the Royal College of Physicians in the UK published national guidelines on the management of patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness, updating their 2013 guidance ‘particularly in relation to recent developments in assessment and management and … changes in the law governing … the withdrawal of clinically assisted nutrition and hydration’. The report’s primary focus is on patients who could live for many years with treatment and care. This update, by a neurologist, an imaging neuroscientist, and a lawyer-ethicist, questions the document’s rejection of any significant role for neuroimaging techniques including functional MRI and/or bedside EEG to detect covert consciousness in such patients. We find the reasons for this rejection unconvincing, given (i) the significant advances made in the use of this technology in recent years; and (ii) the wider scope for its use envisaged by the earlier (2018) guidelines issued by the American Academy of Neurology. We suggest that, since around one in five patients diagnosed with prolonged disorders of consciousness are in fact conscious enough to follow commands in a neuroimaging context (i.e. those who are ‘covertly conscious’ or those with ‘cognitive motor dissociation’), and given the clinical, ethical and legal importance of determining whether patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness are legally competent or at least able to express their views and feelings, the guidance from the Royal College of Physicians requires urgent review.
Design of Experiment (DoE)-Approach Based RP-HPLC Analytical Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Efavirenz in Bulk and Formulations
Authors: Saha Paramita , Pandey Murali Monohar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Present study reports design of experiment (DoE) based development and validation of a simple, rapid and sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for estimation of efavirenz (EFZ), a non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTs), used in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Plackett–Burman design was explored to screen the critical method variables (CMVs) for the RP-HPLC method. A response surface Box–Behnken design was employed to optimize the screened CMVs which affect the analytical responses (ARs) of RP-HPLC method. Using the optimized CMVs the HPLC method was developed and validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. EFZ in marketed formulation was estimated using the validated method. Acetonitrile proportion, pH of the phosphate buffer and mobile phase flow rate were the CMVs and retention time and number of theoretical plates were the ARs for the study. The optimized chromatographic parameters were acetonitrile proportion in mobile phase: 51.17%v/v, pH of phosphate buffer: 4.04 and flow rate: 1.25 mL/min. Use of these optimized parameters resulted in retention time of 11.031 min and 9,498.787 number of theoretical plates as ARs of the HPLC method. The method was further validated in harmony with current ICH guidelines Q2 (R1). The method was capable of the successful estimation of EFZ in marketed formulation. The study depicts successful development and validation of a simple RP-HPLC method of EFZ using DoE approach.
High-Dose Oral and Intravenous Rifampicin for the Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis in Predominantly Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Positive Ugandan Adults: A Phase II Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cresswell Fiona V , Meya David B , Kagimu Enock , Grint Daniel , te Brake Lindsey , Kasibante John , Martyn Emily , Rutakingirwa Morris , Quinn Carson M , Okirwoth Micheal , Tugume Lillian , Ssembambulidde Kenneth , Musubire Abdu K , Bangdiwala Ananta S , Buzibye Allan , Muzoora Conrad , Svensson Elin M , Aarnoutse Rob , Boulware David R , Elliott Alison M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
High-dose rifampicin may improve outcomes of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Little safety or pharmacokinetic (PK) data exist on high-dose rifampicin in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection, and no cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PK data exist from Africa. We hypothesized that high-dose rifampicin would increase serum and CSF concentrations without excess toxicity.

Methods
In this phase II open-label trial, Ugandan adults with suspected TBM were randomized to standard-of-care control (PO-10, rifampicin 10 mg/kg/day), intravenous rifampicin (IV-20, 20 mg/kg/day), or high-dose oral rifampicin (PO-35, 35 mg/kg/day). We performed PK sampling on days 2 and 14. The primary outcomes were total exposure (AUC0–24), maximum concentration (Cmax), CSF concentration, and grade 3–5 adverse events.

Results
We enrolled 61 adults, 92% were living with HIV, median CD4 count was 50 cells/µL (interquartile range [IQR] 46–56). On day 2, geometric mean plasma AUC0–24hr was 42.9·h mg/L with standard-of-care 10 mg/kg dosing, 249·h mg/L for IV-20 and 327·h mg/L for PO-35 (P &lt; .001). In CSF, standard of care achieved undetectable rifampicin concentration in 56% of participants and geometric mean AUC0–24hr 0.27 mg/L, compared with 1.74 mg/L (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–2.5) for IV-20 and 2.17 mg/L (1.6–2.9) for PO-35 regimens (P &lt; .001). Achieving CSF concentrations above rifampicin minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) occurred in 11% (2/18) of standard-of-care, 93% (14/15) of IV-20, and 95% (18/19) of PO-35 participants. Higher serum and CSF levels were sustained at day 14. Adverse events did not differ by dose (P = .34).

Conclusions
Current international guidelines result in sub-therapeutic CSF rifampicin concentration for 89% of Ugandan TBM patients. High-dose intravenous and oral rifampicin were safe and respectively resulted in exposures ~6- and ~8-fold higher than standard of care, and CSF levels above the MIC.