bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untersuchung der lokalen Spannungsfelder in Kranbahnträgerstegen infolge Radlast
Authors: Kettler Markus , Unterweger Harald 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDieser Beitrag fasst die Berechnungsgrundlagen und aktuelle Weiterentwicklungen für die lokalen Spannungen in Kranbahnträgern zusammen. Darüber hinaus werden drei Testserien zu dieser Thematik an Kranbahnträgern im Labor präsentiert, die in jüngster Vergangenheit an der Technischen Universität Graz durchgeführt worden sind. Dabei handelt es sich um ein Walzprofil mit aufgeschweißter Blockschiene für leichten Kranbetrieb, einen geschweißten Kastenträger für mittleren Kranbetrieb und einen geschweißten I‐Träger mit A‐120‐Schiene für schweren Kranbetrieb. Es werden jeweils die wesentlichsten Ergebnisse zusammengefasst und mit ergänzenden Finite‐Elementen‐Berechnungen bzw. mit den entsprechenden Normenregeln verglichen. Auf diese Weise wird dem Leser ermöglicht, die Treffsicherheit der Formeln für die lokalen Spannungen in Kranbahnträgern zu beurteilen. Die dargestellten neuesten Erkenntnisse sollen auch in die derzeit in Ausarbeitung befindliche Neuauflage der EN 1993‐6 einfließen.
Molecular‐based phylogenetic placement and revision of Micrasepalum (Spermacoceae‐Rubiaceae)
Authors: Nuñez Florentin Mariela , Salas Roberto M. , Janssens Steven B. , Dessein Steven , Cardoso Domingos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMicrasepalum is a taxonomically and phylogenetically poorly understood genus of Rubiaceae endemic to the global biodiversity hotspot of the Caribbean islands. It has traditionally been associated with species in the Spermacoce clade, but never properly evaluated in a phylogenetic context. Also, little information about seed and fruit morphology of Micrasepalum species was provided in their original descriptions and the few subsequent taxonomic treatments. We performed a molecular phylogenetic study based on nuclear (ITS, ETS) and plastid (atpB‐rbcL, petD, rps16, trnL‐trnF) DNA sequence data to resolve the enigmatic taxonomic identity of Micrasepalum. Our analyses show a largely unresolved or poorly supported backbone in both the nuclear and plastid phylogenies of the Spermacoce clade, so that the sister relationship of Micrasepalum is still uncertain. Merging Micrasepalum with any lineage of the polyphyletic Borreria and Spermacoce or the phylogenetically well‐defined Hexasepalum, Mitracarpus or Richardia would result in a morphologically heterogeneous collection of genera difficult to recognize within the Spermacoce clade. The unresolved relationships within the species‐rich Spermacoce clade are suggestive of a rapid radiation in which Micrasepalum is one of several phylogenetically recalcitrant lineages, but that can be clearly defined morphologically. The genus is distinctive in having a caducous, 2‐lobed calyx and indehiscent, one‐seeded fruit. An updated identification key for all Caribbean genera of the Spermacoce clade and a full taxonomic revision of Micrasepalum are presented, including descriptions focused on reproductive characters, palynological analysis, a distribution map and new lectotypifications, as well as a new synonym for M. eritrichoides.
Recent Advances in Stereocontrolled Mannosylation: Focus on Glycans Comprising Acidic and/or Amino Sugars
Authors: Alex Catherine , Demchenko Alexei V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe main focus of this review is to describe accomplishments made in the stereoselective synthesis of β‐linked mannosides functionalized with carboxyls or amines/amides. These ManNAc, ManA and ManNAcA residues found in many glycoconjugates, bacterial polysaccharides, and alginates have consistently captured interest of the glycoscience community both due to synthetic challenge and therapeutic potential.
A Perspective Review on the Application of Polyacrylonitrile‐Based Supports for Laccase Immobilization
Authors: Vieira Yago Araujo , Gurgel Danyelle , Henriques Rosana Oliveira , Machado Ricardo Antonio Francisco , de Oliveira Débora , Oechsler Bruno Francisco , Furigo Junior Agenor 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe use of laccases applied in bioremediation processes has been increasingly studied, given the urgent need to overcome the environmental problems caused by emerging contaminants. It is known that immobilized enzymes have better operational stability under reaction conditions, allowing for greater applicability. However, given the lack of commercially available immobilized laccases, the search for immobilization materials and methods continues to gain effort. The use of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to immobilize enzymes has been investigated since it is a low‐cost material and can be modified and functionalized to well interact with the enzyme. This polymer can be used with different morphologies such as fibers, beads, and core‐shell, presenting as an easily applicable alternative. This review presents the missing link between polymer and enzyme through an overview of PAN′s current use as support for laccase immobilization and polymer functionalization methods, considering the importance of immobilized laccases in several industrial sectors.
Mixing memory and desire: How memory reactivation supports deliberative decision‐making
Authors: Wang Shaoming , Feng Samuel F. , Bornstein Aaron M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMemories affect nearly every aspect of our mental life. They allow us to both resolve uncertainty in the present and to construct plans for the future. Recently, renewed interest in the role memory plays in adaptive behavior has led to new theoretical advances and empirical observations. We review key findings, with particular emphasis on how the retrieval of many kinds of memories affects deliberative action selection. These results are interpreted in a sequential inference framework, in which reinstatements from memory serve as “samples” of potential action outcomes. The resulting model suggests a central role for the dynamics of memory reactivation in determining the influence of different kinds of memory in decisions. We propose that representation‐specific dynamics can implement a bottom‐up “product of experts” rule that integrates multiple sets of action‐outcome predictions weighted based on their uncertainty. We close by reviewing related findings and identifying areas for further research.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Reasoning and Decision Making
Neuroscience > Cognition
Neuroscience > Computation
Period Estimation and Rhythm Detection in Timeseries Data Using BioDare2, the Free, Online, Community Resource
Authors: Zieliński Tomasz , Hay Johnny , Millar Andrew J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOne of the key objectives of data analysis in circadian research is to quantify the rhythmic properties of the experimental data. BioDare2 is a free, online service which provides fast timeseries analysis, attractive visualizations, and data sharing. This chapter outlines the description of an experiment for BioDare2 and how to upload and analyze the numerical timeseries data.
Moduli space holography and the finiteness of flux vacua
Authors: Grimm Thomas W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A holographic perspective to study and characterize field spaces that arise in string compactifications is suggested. A concrete correspondence is developed by studying two-dimensional moduli spaces in supersymmetric string compactifications. It is proposed that there exist theories on the boundaries of each moduli space, whose crucial data are given by a Hilbert space, an Sl(2, ℂ)-algebra, and two special operators. This boundary data is motivated by asymptotic Hodge theory and the fact that the physical metric on the moduli space of Calabi-Yau manifolds asymptotes near any infinite distance boundary to a Poincaré metric with Sl(2, ℝ) isometry. The crucial part of the bulk theory on the moduli space is a sigma model for group-valued matter fields. It is discussed how this might be coupled to a two-dimensional gravity theory. The classical bulk-boundary matching is then given by the proof of the famous Sl(2) orbit theorem of Hodge theory, which is reformulated in a more physical language. Applying this correspondence to the flux landscape in Calabi-Yau fourfold compactifications it is shown that there are no infinite tails of self-dual flux vacua near any co-dimension one boundary. This finiteness result is a consequence of the constraints on the near boundary expansion of the bulk solutions that match to the boundary data. It is also pointed out that there is a striking connection of the finiteness result for supersymmetric flux vacua and the Hodge conjecture.
A Young diagram expansion of the hexagonal Wilson loop (amplitude) in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM
Authors: Fioravanti Davide , Poghosyan Hasmik , Poghossian Rubik 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We shall interpret the null hexagonal Wilson loop (or, equivalently, six gluon scattering amplitude) in 4D $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 Super Yang-Mills, or, precisely, an integral representation of its matrix part, via an ADHM-like instanton construction. In this way, we can apply localisation techniques to obtain combinatorial expressions in terms of Young diagrams. Then, we use our general formula to obtain explicit expressions in several explicit cases. In particular, we discuss those already available in the literature and find exact agreement. Moreover, we are capable to determine explicitly the denominator (poles) of the matrix part, and find some interesting recursion properties for the residues, as well.
Probing extended scalar sectors with precision e+e− → Zh and Higgs diphoton studies
Authors: Ramsey-Musolf Michael J. , Yu Jiang-Hao , Zhou Jia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We compute the one-loop corrections to σ(e+e−→ Zh) arising from representative extended Standard Model scalar sector scenarios. According to the new scalar SU(2)L representations, we consider the inert doublet, real and complex triplet, quintuplet, and septuplet models. With the sub-percent level precision expected for prospective future e+e− collider measurements of σ(e+e−→ Zh), studies of the Higgsstrahlung process will probe extended scalar sector particle spectrum and interactions in a manner complementary to direct searches at the Large Hadron Collider and possible future pp colliders. We also compare with the sensitivity of future Higgs diphoton decay rate measurements. We find that the σ(e+e−→ Zh) and Γ(h → γγ) complementarity is particularly pronounced for the complex triplet model.
Gamma-ray line from electroweakly interacting non-abelian spin-1 dark matter
Authors: Abe Tomohiro , Fujiwara Motoko , Hisano Junji , Matsushita Kohei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We study gamma-ray line signatures from electroweakly interacting non-abelian spin-1 dark matter (DM). In this model, Z2-odd spin-1 particles including a DM candidate have the SU(2)L triplet-like features, and the Sommerfeld enhancement is relevant in the annihilation processes. We derive the annihilation cross sections contributing to the photon emission and compare with the SU(2)L triplet fermions, such as Wino DM in the supersymmetric Standard Model. The Sommerfeld enhancement factor is approximately the same in both systems, while our spin-1 DM predicts the larger annihilation cross sections into γγ/Zγ modes than those of the Wino by $$ \frac{38}{9} $$

38
9

. This is because a spin-1 DM pair forms not only J = 0 but also J = 2 partial wave states where J denotes the total spin angular momentum. Our spin-1 DM also has a new annihilation mode into Z2-even extra heavy vector and photon, Z′γ. For this mode, the photon energy depends on the masses of DM and the heavy vector, and thus we have a chance to probe the mass spectrum. The latest gamma-ray line search in the Galactic Center region gives a strong constraint on our spin-1 DM. We can probe the DM mass for ≲ 25.3 TeV by the Cherenkov Telescope Array experiment even if we assume a conservative DM density profile.
Effect of continuous passive motion on the early recovery outcomes after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Richter Magdalena , Trzeciak Tomasz , Kaczmarek Małgorzata 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Continuous passive motion (CPM) is a frequently used method in the early post-operative rehabilitation of patients after knee surgery. In this study, the effectiveness of the CPM method was evaluated after primary total knee arthroplasty during an early recovery period.

Methods
Eighty patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were assigned into two groups. The experimental group received CPM and active exercises, while the control group active exercises only. All subjects were evaluated once before the surgery and at a discharge, in terms of mean active range of motion (AROM), mean Knee Society Score (KSS), and Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC).

Results
The mean AROM for the experimental group was 82.3° ± 14.3° and 76.1° ± 22.2° for the control. The mean KSS score was 136.4 ± 19.3 points for the experimental group, and 135.7 ± 15.1 for the control. There were no statistical differences between the two groups. The KSS functional score was 66.4 ± 8.1 points for the experimental group compared to 62.2 ± 7.3 points for the control, but there was a statistically significant difference between the groups at discharge from the hospital (p = 0.009). A subjective estimation of the pain level, joint stiffness and function also showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (38.6 ± 14.3 points for the CPM group and 21.2 ± 15.7 for the control).

Conclusion
These findings show that there is no significant effect of CPM in terms of improving clinical measurements. However, there was a significant beneficial effect on the subjective assessment of pain level, joint stiffness, and functional ability.
Gastroschisis: A Successful, Prospectively Evaluated Treatment Model in a Middle‐Income Country
Authors: Escarcega‐Fujigaki Pastor , Hernandez‐Peredo‐Rezk Guillermo , Wright Naomi J. , Del Carmen Cardenas‐Paniagua Ahtziri , Velez‐Blanco Haydee , Gutierrez‐Canencia Celine , Saavedra‐Velez Lorenzo , Venegas‐Espinoza Berenice , Diaz‐Luna Jose Luis , Castro‐Ramirez Miguel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis research adopted a care protocol from high‐income countries in a level II/III hospital in a middle‐income country to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with gastroschisis.MethodsWe established a multidisciplinary protocol to treat patients with gastroschisis prospectively from November 2012 to November 2018. This included prenatal diagnosis, presence of a neonatologist and pediatric surgeon at birth, and either performing primary closure on the patients with an Apgar score of 8/9, mild serositis, and no breathing difficulty or placing a preformed silo, when unable to fulfill these criteria, under sedation and analgesia (no intubation) in the operating room or at the patients’ bedside. The subsequent management took place in the neonatal intensive care unit. The data were analyzed through the Mann–Whitney and Student's t‐distribution for the two independent samples; the categorical variables were analyzed through a chi‐square distribution or Fisher's exact test.ResultsIn total, 55 patients were included in the study: 33 patients (60%) were managed with a preformed silo, whereas 22 patients (40%) underwent primary closure. Prenatal diagnosis (P = 0.02), birth at the main hospital (P = 0.02), and the presence of a pediatric surgeon at birth (P = 0.04) were associated with successful primary closure. The primary closure group had fewer fasting days (P < 0.001) and a shorter neonatal intensive care unit length of stay (P = 0.025). The survival rate was 92.7% (51 patients).ConclusionThe treatment model modified to fit the means of our hospital proved successful.
Incidence and Outcomes of Laryngeal Complications Following Adult Cardiac Surgery: A National Analysis
Authors: Verma Arjun , Hadaya Joseph , Tran Zachary , Dobaria Vishal , Madrigal Josef , Xia Yu , Sanaiha Yas , Mendelsohn Abie H. , Benharash Peyman 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLaryngeal complications (LCs) following cardiac operations contribute to increased morbidity and resource utilization. Using a nationally representative cohort of cardiac surgical patients, we characterized the incidence of LC as well as its associated clinical and financial outcomes. All adults undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valvular operations were identified using the 2010–2017 Nationwide Readmissions Database. International Classification of Diseases 9th and 10th Revision diagnosis codes were used to identify LC. Trends were analyzed using a rank-based, non-parametric test (nptrend). Multivariable linear and logistic regressions were used to evaluate risk factors for LC, and its impact on mortality, complications, resource use and 30-day non-elective readmissions. Of an estimated 2,319,628 patients, 1.7% were diagnosed with perioperative LC, with rising incidence from 1.5% in 2010 to 1.8% in 2017 (nptrend < 0.001). After adjustment, female sex [adjusted odds ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.12], advancing age, and multi-valve procedures (1.51, 95% CI 1.36–1.67, reference: isolated CABG) were associated with increased odds of LC. Despite no risk-adjusted effect on mortality, LC was associated with increased odds of pneumonia (2.88, 95% CI 2.72–3.04), tracheostomy (4.84, 95% CI 4.44–5.26), and readmission (1.32, 95% CI 1.26–1.39). In addition, LC was associated with a 7.7-day increment (95% CI 7.4–8.0) in hospitalization duration and $24,200 (95% CI 23,000–25,400) in attributable costs. The present study found LC to be associated with increased perioperative sequelae and resource utilization. The development and application of active screening protocols for post-surgical LC are warranted to increase early detection and reduce associated morbidity.
A multi-objective supplier selection framework based on user-preferences
Authors: Toffano Federico , Garraffa Michele , Lin Yiqing , Prestwich Steven , Simonis Helmut , Wilson Nic 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces an interactive framework to guide decision-makers in a multi-criteria supplier selection process. State-of-the-art multi-criteria methods for supplier selection elicit the decision-maker’s preferences among the criteria by processing pre-collected data from different stakeholders. We propose a different approach where the preferences are elicited through an active learning loop. At each step, the framework optimally solves a combinatorial problem multiple times with different weights assigned to the objectives. Afterwards, a pair of solutions among those computed is selected using a particular query selection strategy, and the decision-maker expresses a preference between them. These two steps are repeated until a specific stopping criterion is satisfied. We also introduce two novel fast query selection strategies, and we compare them with a myopically optimal query selection strategy. Computational experiments on a large set of randomly generated instances are used to examine the performance of our query selection strategies, showing a better computation time and similar performance in terms of the number of queries taken to achieve convergence. Our experimental results also show the usability of the framework for real-world problems with respect to the execution time and the number of loops needed to achieve convergence.
The Role of Distorted Cognitions in Mediating Treatment Outcome in Children with Social Anxiety Disorder: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Mobach Lynn , Rapee Ronald M. , Klein Anke M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study examined whether distorted cognition changes during cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in children (N = 61; aged 7–12) with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and whether changes in distorted cognition from pre- to post-treatment predict SAD at 6-month follow-up. Baseline distorted cognition was also examined as a predictor of post-treatment outcome. Multiple informant SAD-measures were obtained pre-treatment, post-treatment and at 6-month follow-up. Children reported on interpretation bias and dysfunctional beliefs. A decrease in interpretation bias and dysfunctional beliefs was prospectively related to greater SAD change between post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Child-reported SAD-change at post-treatment predicted greater change in dysfunctional beliefs at 6-month follow-up. Higher baseline interpretation bias predicted greater change in SAD-severity at post-treatment. Children with greater distorted cognition reductions during treatment, showed greater treatment gains at 6-month follow-up. Children who do not show this reduction may require additional efforts focused on distorted cognition to maximally benefit from treatment.
Uptake of potentially toxic elements by edible plants in experimental mining Technosols: preliminary assessment
Authors: Martínez-Sánchez María José , Pérez-Sirvent Carmen , Martínez-Lopez Salvadora , García-Lorenzo Mari Luz , Agudo Ines , Martínez-Martínez Lucia Belen , Hernández-Pérez Carmen , Bech Jaume 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA study was carried out to evaluate the absorption of potentially toxic elements from mining Technosols by three types of vegetable plants (broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and onion (Allium cepa)), the different parts of which are intended for human and farm animal consumption (leaves, roots, edible parts). The preliminary results obtained highlight the importance of the design of the mining Technosols used for agricultural purposes, obtained from soils and sediments of mining origin and amended with residues of high calcium carbonate concentrations (limestone filler and construction and demolition wastes). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, and the total metal(loid)s concentration (As, Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) of the soil, rhizosphere, aqueous leachates and plant samples was monitored, the translocation and bioconcentration factors (TF and BCF, respectively) being calculated. The characterization of the soils included a mobilization study in media simulating different environmental conditions that can affect these soils and predicting the differences in behavior of each Technosol. The results obtained showed that the levels of potentially toxic elements present in the cultivated species are within the range of values mentioned in the literature when they were cultivated in soils with calcareous amendments. However, when the plants were grown in contaminated soils, the potentially toxic elements levels varied greatly according to the species, being higher in onions than in lettuce. Experiments with the use of lime filler or construction and demolition wastes for soil remediation result in crops that, in principle, do not present health risks and are similar in development to those grown on non-contaminated soil.
Deep security analysis of program code
Authors: Sonnekalb Tim , Heinze Thomas S. , Mäder Patrick 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDue to the continuous digitalization of our society, distributed and web-based applications become omnipresent and making them more secure gains paramount relevance. Deep learning (DL) and its representation learning approach are increasingly been proposed for program code analysis potentially providing a powerful means in making software systems less vulnerable. This systematic literature review (SLR) is aiming for a thorough analysis and comparison of 32 primary studies on DL-based vulnerability analysis of program code. We found a rich variety of proposed analysis approaches, code embeddings and network topologies. We discuss these techniques and alternatives in detail. By compiling commonalities and differences in the approaches, we identify the current state of research in this area and discuss future directions. We also provide an overview of publicly available datasets in order to foster a stronger benchmarking of approaches. This SLR provides an overview and starting point for researchers interested in deep vulnerability analysis on program code.