bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with non‐completion of and scores on physical capability tests in health surveys: The North Health in Intellectual Disability Study
Authors: Olsen Monica Isabel , Halvorsen Marianne Berg , Søndenaa Erik , Strand Bjørn Heine , Langballe Ellen Melbye , Årnes Anders , Michalsen Henriette , Larsen Frode Kibsgaard , Gamst Wenche , Bautz‐Holter Erik , Anke Audny 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the completion rates, scores and factors associated with non‐completion and low scores on physical capability tests in a health survey administered to adults with intellectual disabilities.MethodAssessment comprised body mass index (BMI), the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the timed up‐and‐go (TUG) test, the one‐legged stance (OLS) test; and gross motor, communication and behavioural functioning tests.ResultsThe completion rates among 93 participants (aged 17–78) were 46% for the SPPB, 42% for the TUG, and 31% for the OLS. More severe intellectual disability (OR = 3.12, p < .001) and lower BMI (OR = 0.859, p = .001) were related to test non‐completion. The SPPB scores were below the reference values from the general population. Lower scores were associated with older age, motor disabilities and intellectual disability severity.ConclusionsIncluding physical capability tests in health surveys among adults with intellectual disabilities is important to monitor functional status and guide prevention strategies.
Performance feedback in a group contest: A field experiment on electricity conservation
Authors: Chen Chia‐Wen , Chen Josie I. , Lin Ming‐Jen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe conduct a field experiment on electricity conservation to study whether revealing both the competitive state and the social state in a group contest affects individual beliefs and efforts. Our experiment randomizes group composition, participation, and types of information received in the contest. We find that contestants without feedback about relative performance had difficulty assessing their group's competitive status, and laggards within a group tended to be overconfident about their relative contribution. In addition, we find that contestants receiving both competitive and social information were more likely to have correct beliefs about their positions during the contest and exerted the most effort. Meanwhile, contestants receiving no performance feedback did not behave differently from those who did not participate in the contest. Overall, contestants reduced their energy use by 10% during the contest. Our results support the notion that providing feedback is important in a group contest.
First evidence of regional migration of the copper shark Carcharhinus brachyurus (Günther, 1870) in the Southwest Atlantic
Authors: Cuevas Juan M. , García Mirta L. , Gómez Sebastián , Chiaramonte Gustavo E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRegional migration of the copper shark Carcharhinus brachyurus was recorded for the first time in the Southwest Atlantic (SWA) from Argentina (latitude: –38.1037, longitude: –57.5371) to Brazil (latitude: –20.6833, longitude: –40.2846) as a result of a citizen science tagging project. The recaptured specimen was a female (103 kg weight), with 18 developing embryos within the uterus. The total distance was at least 2566 km, and it is the longest ever recorded for the species. Furthermore, it extends its northern distribution in the SWA.
Effect of carvacrol on properties and release behavior of gelatin‐egg white protein/polyethylene bilayer film
Authors: Cao Jiahui , Zhang Hong , Wang Lechuan , Zhang Huajiang , Chi Yujie , Xia Ning , Ma Yanqiu , Li Hanyu , Bai Songyuan , Zhang Xinxin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA bilayer antibacterial film of gelatin (G)—egg white protein (EW) containing carvacrol (CA) on polyethylene (PE) was prepared. This study investigated the effects of different concentrations of CA on the apparent viscosity and particle size of gelatin and egg white protein composite film‐forming solution (FFS). The static rheological results showed that the viscosity of FFS increased significantly in the presence of CA. The results of particle size showed that FFS had good stability. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that there were hydrogen bond interactions among G/EW and CA with good compatibility. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the incorporation of CA made the film surface structure denser. The film with CA had good antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Under the same conditions, the higher the CA content, the higher the release rate, and the release rate was positively correlated with the increase in temperature and ethanol content in the food simulant, which indicated that the bilayer antibacterial film containing CA could be used for packaging high‐fat foods. Therefore, the G/EW‐PE bilayer antibacterial film containing CA could make up for the poor water resistance of the edible monolayer film, and gave the antibacterial function that the polyethylene packaging film did not have.Practical ApplicationsCA has safe and efficient antibacterial activity. It is listed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the list of additives that can be directly added to food for human consumption. Compared with the traditional single‐layer packaging film (plastic film and edible packaging film), the G/EW‐PE bilayer film containing CA can not only make up for the poor water resistance of the edible single‐layer film, but also give the plastic film new packaging performance. This study characterized the microstructure, physical properties, antibacterial properties and the release of CA in the film, which provided theoretical reference for the development of food packaging.
New diagnostic and imaging technologies in dermatology
Authors: Jartarkar Shishira R , Patil Anant , Wollina Uwe , Gold Michael H. , Stege Henner , Grabbe Stephan , Goldust Mohamad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionDiagnosis of dermatological disorders is primarily based on clinical examination in combination with histopathology. However, clinical findings alone may not be sufficient for accurate diagnosis and cutaneous biopsies are being associated with morbidity.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to review the newer technologies along with their applications, limitation and future prospectus.MethodologyComprehensive literature search was performed using electronic online databases “PubMed” and “Google Scholar”. Articles published in English language were considered for the review.ResultsIn order to improve and/or widen the armamentarium in dermatologic disease diagnosis and therapy, newer emerging technologies are being made available which aid in diagnosis and management. New emerging technologies include confocal microscopy, digital photographic imaging, optical coherence tomography, high frequency ultrasonography, and artificial intelligence. There have been advancements in the dermoscopes.ConclusionSignificant progress is seen in the diagnostic methods and imaging technologies in dermatology, each having its advantages and limitations. Artificial intelligence/machine‐based learning software may have a great scope to influence the dermatological practice.
Relationship between demographic factors, health education, breast cancer‐related knowledge, attitudes, and breast self‐examination behavior among Chinese female college student: A structural equation analysis
Authors: Zhang Shunhua , Zhu Weihao , Chen Baole , Tang Ting , Tao Zhaoyu , Li Xiang , Hua Tiantian , Ju Nianting , Zheng Suge 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to create a structural equation model to evaluate the associations among demographic factors, health education, breast cancer‐related knowledge, attitudes, and breast self‐examination behavior among Chinese female college students.MethodsA survey was undertaken using a self‐administered questionnaire and targeting 2233 students from Eastern China. Structural equation modeling with the bootstrap approach was utilized to estimate the interrelationships and the strength of the associations among measured variables based on the hypothetical model.ResultsAmong the total participants, 14.7% of the female college students reported having performed breast self‐examination. The final structural equation model showed highly satisfactory fitness on indices. Breast self‐examination behavior was significantly linked to demographic factors, breast cancer related‐knowledge, attitudes, and health education. Health education had the greatest influence on breast self‐examination behavior. In addition, breast cancer related‐knowledge was significantly associated with demographic factors and health education. Health education and knowledge all significantly affected attitudes towards breast cancer.ConclusionBreast self‐examination behavior was influenced by demographic factors, breast cancer related‐knowledge, attitudes towards breast cancer, and health education in a sample of female college students in China. Health education was the most important predictor of breast self‐examination behavior.
The Role of Frictions due to Top Management in Alliance Termination Decisions: Insights from Established Bio‐Pharmaceutical Firms
Authors: Ghosh Anindya , Klueter Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study examines the termination of research alliances by established firms accessing knowledge from smaller research partners. We relax the assumption implicit in the internal tension perspective of alliance termination that signals from a partner are readily processed and acted upon. Instead, we consider that large firms involved in the alliance may have distributed decision‐making structures involving both alliance managers in charge of day‐to‐day activities and top managers who are responsible for a company’s strategic decision making. Using the information‐processing view of the firm we theorize on frictions as top managers evaluate the balance of tensions within the alliance. First, signals collected by units involved in the alliance must receive top management attention. Second, the accuracy and reliability with which signals are evaluated and acted upon is contingent on the composition of the top management team. An analysis of 235 alliances initiated by Top 50 pharmaceutical firms broadly supports our theoretical framework.
What do people find most meaningful? How representations of the self and the world provide meaning in life
Authors: Costin Vlad , Vignoles Vivian L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveRecent theories propose that global meaning in life (MIL) is based on feelings of coherence, purpose, and existential mattering. MIL has also been linked to mental representations—for example, beliefs, values, attitudes, and identities—that serve as “meaning frameworks” for interpreting the world and oneself. Combining these proposals, we predicted that beliefs, values, attitudes, and identities would foster a sense of MIL to the extent that they provide feelings of coherence, purpose, and existential mattering.MethodUsing multilevel path analysis, we tested within‐person associations of coherence, purpose, and existential mattering with a sense of MIL across three studies (Study 1:208 US MTurk workers; Study 2:106 UK university students; Study 3:296 from a UK nationally representative Prolific sample). We explored the generality of these associations across mental representation types and individual differences.ResultsParticipants derived greater MIL most strongly from mental representations that provided sense of purpose, followed by existential mattering. Sense of coherence was less robustly related to MIL across mental representation types and religious orientation.ConclusionsIntegrating prior theorizing on MIL, we conclude that mental representations function as “meaning frameworks” to the extent that they provide feelings of purpose, mattering, and, sometimes, coherence.
TRAPPC11‐related muscular dystrophy with hypoglycosylation of alpha‐dystroglycan in skeletal muscle and brain
Authors: Munot Pinki , McCrea Nadine , Torelli Silvia , Manzur Adnan , Sewry Caroline , Chambers Darren , Feng Lucy , Ala Pierpaolo , Zaharieva Irina , Ragge Nicola , Roper Helen , Marton Tamas , Cox Phil , Milev Miroslav P. , Liang Wen‐Chen , Maruyama Shinsuke , Nishino Ichizo , Sacher Michael , Phadke Rahul , Muntoni Francesco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsTRAPPC11, a subunit of the transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex, is important for complex integrity and anterograde membrane transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the ER–Golgi intermediate compartment. Several individuals with TRAPPC11 mutations have been reported with muscle weakness and other features including brain, liver, skeletal and eye involvement. A detailed analysis of brain and muscle pathology will further our understanding of the presentation and aetiology of TRAPPC11 disease.MethodsWe describe five cases of early‐onset TRAPPC11‐related muscular dystrophy with a systematic review of muscle pathology in all five individuals, post‐mortem brain pathology findings in one and membrane trafficking assays in another.ResultsAll affected individuals presented in infancy with muscle weakness, motor delay and elevated serum creatine kinase (CK). Additional features included cataracts, liver disease, intellectual disability, cardiomyopathy, movement disorder and structural brain abnormalities. Muscle pathology in all five revealed dystrophic changes, universal hypoglycosylation of alpha‐dystroglycan and variably reduced dystrophin‐associated complex proteins. Membrane trafficking assays showed defective Golgi trafficking in one individual. Neuropathological examination of one individual revealed cerebellar atrophy, granule cell hypoplasia, Purkinje cell (PC) loss, degeneration and dendrite dystrophy, reduced alpha‐dystroglycan (IIH6) expression in PC and dentate neurones and absence of neuronal migration defects.ConclusionsThis report suggests that recessive mutations in TRAPPC11 are linked to muscular dystrophies with hypoglycosylation of alpha‐dystroglycan. The structural cerebellar involvement that we document for the first time resembles the neuropathology reported in N‐linked congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) such as PMM2‐CDG, suggesting defects in multiple glycosylation pathways in this condition.
Romosozumab versus Teriparatide for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis through a Grade Analysis of Evidence
Authors: Tian Aixian , Jia Haobo , Zhu Shan , Lu Bin , Li Yan , Ma Jianxiong , Ma Xinlong 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveTo provide a systematic review about the efficacy and safety of romosozumab and teriparatide for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.MethodRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched from electronic databases, including PubMed (1996 to June 2019), Embase (1980 to June 2019), Cochrane Library (CENTRAL, June 2019), Web of Science (1998 to June 2019), and others. The primary outcomes included the following: the percentage change in bone mineral density of lumbar spine and total hip from baseline at month 6 and month 12 in each group. The secondary outcomes included the following: the percentage change in bone mineral density of femoral neck from baseline at month 6 and month 12 in each group and the incidence of adverse events at month 12 in each group.ResultsFour studies containing 1304 patients met our selection criteria. The result of our analysis indicated that romosozumab showed better effects in improving BMD of lumbar spine (month 6: MD = 3.54, 95% CI [3.13, 3.94], P<0.001; month 12: MD = 4.93, 95% CI [4.21, 5.64], P<0.001), total hip (month 6: MD = 2.27, 95% CI [0.62, 3.91], P = 0.007; month 12: MD = 3.17, 95% CI [2.68, 3.65], P<0.001), and femoral neck (month 6: MD = 2.30, 95% CI [0.51, 4.08], P = 0.01; month 12: MD = 3.04, 95% CI [2.29, 3.78], P<0.001). Also, the injection‐site reaction was less (month 12: RR = 2.84, 95% CI [1.22, 6.59], P = 0.02), but there were no significant difference in the incidence of serious adverse events (month 12: RR = 0.78, 95% CI [0.46, 1.33], P = 0.37) and death (month 12: RR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.08, 4.62], P = 0.63).ConclusionBased on the available studies, our current results demonstrate that romosozumab was better than teriparatide both in terms of efficacy and side effects.
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with cor triatriatum sinister; case series and review of literature
Authors: Karimianpour Ahmadreza , Cai Amanda W. , Cuoco Frank A. , Sturdivant John Lacy , Litwin Sheldon E. , Wharton John Marcus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionCor triatriatum sinister (CTS) is a rare congenital heart defect characterized by fibromuscular septation of the left atrium associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). The incidence of hemodynamically insignificant CTS in the AF ablation population and effect on ablation success are not known. Furthermore, little is known about the potential effect of CTS on arrhythmogenic substrate.ObjectiveWe define the incidence of hemodynamically insignificant CTS in patients undergoing AF ablation with RF and cryoballoon ablation, the technical challenges created by the left atrial partitioning, and the potentially arrhythmogenic effects of the membrane. We also review the literature of CA in patients with CTS.MethodsFirst‐time AF ablation cases at our institution over a 10‐year period were screened to identify patients with CTS. Retrospective review was performed to obtain clinical characteristics and ablation data.ResultsOf the 3953 consecutive patients undergoing initial AF ablation during the study period, four patients (0.10%) had CTS. Ablation was successful acutely in all patients. One patient had recurrent AF and required repeat ablation for a single procedure success rate of 75% and multi‐procedure success rate of 100%. The CTS membrane was associated with low voltage zones in the two patients in whom it was measured and with substrate for macro‐reentrant atrial tachycardia in one of these patients.ConclusionThe incidence of hemodynamically insignificant CTS in patients undergoing CA for AF is very low, but does not serve as a significant barrier to successful ablation as long as directed access to the superoposterior chamber is obtained.
Oral support for patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities
Authors: Nakamura Tatsuya , Kita Yosuke , Fujimoto Junpei , Ayuzawa Koichi , Ozawa Hiroshi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundOral support during feeding was clinically provided to patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) for the prevention of dysphasia. The present study investigated the advantages of oral support anatomically and functionally.MethodsA videofluoroscopic swallowing study was conducted on nine patients with SMID (age = 5–41 years; mean age = 15.0; four males, five females) and 24 healthy adults (age = 26–67 years; mean age = 44.3; 16 males, eight females). The movements of the hyoid bone and mandible during pharyngeal swallowing were tracked, and the pharyngeal residues were evaluated. The temporal and spatial features of the movements were compared between patients with and without oral support as well as healthy adults.ResultsThe mandible moved downward earlier and showed larger displacement in the patients with SMID. The patients also had insufficient anterior displacement of the hyoid, which was associated with the pharyngeal residue. This displacement was enhanced, and the pharyngeal residue decreased with oral support.ConclusionsOral support to hold the mandible successfully improved hyoid excursion and reduced pharyngeal residue during swallowing, which is a simple and reliable strategy for the prevention of dysphasia in patients with SMID.
Gendered experience in student mobility programs—Global Korea Scholarship recipients' evaluation of Korea's country image
Authors: Lee Hyelim , Snow Nancy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAccording to 2012 Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) statistics, 11 of 19 OECD countries have a higher female international student participation ratio in student mobility. South Korea has a higher ratio of female international students in general and a higher ratio of female Global Korea Scholarship (GKS) recipients. In 2018 and 2019, we surveyed GKS students about their evaluation of South Korea's country image and discovered significant differences by gender. Female students tend to show a lower cognitive and affective evaluation of the GKS country image experience than male students. We aim to uncover the determinants of these asymmetrical gender‐based differences in the perceived country image of South Korea. Two adjustment indicators (emotional well‐being and feeling part of society) and three adjustment factors (language skills, length of stay, and perceived discrimination) were examined to explore the determinants of gendered favorability toward the country. The findings suggest that female and male GKS recipients have different gendered experiences in the country, which, in turn, impacts their evaluation of South Korea's country image. The findings contribute to the country image and public diplomacy studies and practice, particularly in sponsored student mobility programs, which often fail to distinguish gendered experiences in their analysis or program planning.Related Articles in this Special IssueAyhan, Kadir Jun, and Nancy Snow. 2021. “Introduction to the Special Issue—Global Korea Scholarship: Empirical Evaluation of a non‐Western Scholarship Program from a Public Diplomacy Perspective.” Politics & Policy 49(6): 1282–1291. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12440.Istad, Felicia, Eriks Varpahovskis, Ekra Miezan, and Kadir Jun Ayhan. 2021. “Global Korea Scholarship Students: Intention to Stay in the Host Country to Work or Study after Graduation.” Politics & Policy 49(6): 1323–1342. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12436.Tam, Lisa, and Kadir Jun Ayhan. 2021. “Evaluations of People, Affection, and Recommendation for a Host Country: A Study of Global Korea Scholarship (GKS) Recipients.” Politics & Policy 49(6): 1292–1307. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12438.
Molecular phylogenetic, morphological, and pathogenic analyses reveal a single clonal population of Septoria lycopersici with a narrower host range in Brazil
Authors: da Costa Christiane A. , Lourenço Valdir , Santiago Michele F. , Veloso Josiene S. , Reis Ailton 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSeptoria leaf spot, caused by Septoria lycopersici, is considered one of the most important diseases of tomato in Brazil. Despite its importance, the disease agent is still poorly studied. Septoria isolates collected from different production regions of Brazil were characterized by molecular, morphological, and pathogenic methods. A set of 104 isolates was sequenced for the DNA Tub, Cal, and EF1‐α loci. Ten isolates were selected, according to geographical region of origin and type of leaf lesion (typical or atypical), for morphological characterization and for evaluation of aggressiveness on tomato cultivar Santa Clara. To evaluate the pathogen host range, cultivated and wild Solanaceae plants were inoculated with four selected isolates. The results showed that all isolates grouped with the type isolate of S. lycopersici in maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference trees. The isolates were morphologically similar. All isolates selected for pathogenicity testing on tomato were able to induce typical symptoms of the disease, but differed in their aggressiveness. A total of eight species of Solanaceae were also identified as potential alternative hosts for S. lycopersici. This information will provide a more accurate assessment of the risks involved with the introduction of new crops, especially of the genus Solanum, in areas where the species is already present. In addition, it will provide the basis for the establishment of more efficient methods in the management of Septoria leaf spot of tomatoes in natural conditions and in the different production systems.