bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of attenuating dietary phosphate restriction on blood ionized calcium concentrations in cats with chronic kidney disease and ionized hypercalcemia
Authors: Geddes Rebecca F. , van den Broek D. Hendrik N. , Chang Yu‐Mei , Biourge Vincent , Elliott Jonathan , Jepson Rosanne E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHypercalcemia is commonly observed in cats with azotemic chronic kidney disease (CKD). Dietary phosphate restriction is considered standard of care but may contribute to the development of hypercalcemia. The optimal dietary management strategy for these cats is unclear.ObjectivesTo describe the effect of feeding a moderately phosphate‐restricted diet (MP; 1.5 g/Mcal phosphorus; Ca : P ratio, 1.3) to cats with concurrent azotemic CKD and ionized hypercalcemia.AnimalsClient‐owned cats with ionized hypercalcemia (ionized calcium [iCa] concentration >1.4 mmol/L) at diagnosis of CKD (n = 11; baseline hypercalcemics) or after CKD diagnosis while eating a phosphate‐restricted clinical renal diet (0.8 g/Mcal phosphorus; Ca : P ratio, 1.9; n = 10; RD hypercalcemics).MethodsChanges in variables over time, after starting MP at visit 1, were assessed using linear mixed model analysis within each group of cats. Data are reporte as median [25th, 75th percentiles].ResultsAt visit 1, iCa was 1.47 [1.42, 1.55] mmol/L for baseline hypercalcemics and 1.53 [1.5, 1.67] mmol/L for RD hypercalcemics. Blood iCa decreased (P < .001) when RD hypercalcemics were fed MP, with iCa <1.4 mmol/L in 8/10 cats after 2.2 [1.8, 3.7] months. Plasma phosphate concentrations did not change. In contrast, the baseline hypercalcemic group overall showed no change in iCa but a decrease in plasma phosphate concentration during 8.8 [5.5, 10.6] months on the MP diet, although 4/11 individual cats achieved iCa <1.4 mmol/L by 3.4 [1.0, 6.2] months.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAttenuation of dietary phosphate restriction could result in normalization of iCa in cats that develop hypercalcemia while eating a clinical renal diet.
Writing, grammar and the body: a cognitive stylistics framework for teaching upper primary narrative writing
Authors: Healey Brett , Gardner Paul 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper synthesises aspects of functional grammar and cognitive stylistics to posit a theoretical approach to the teaching of the grammar of narrative writing to upper primary and lower secondary students. It is argued the development of students' metalinguistic understanding is essential if they are to make informed language choices as they write. Cognitive stylistics is an embodied theory of grammar derived from literary studies, which is used here to construct a theoretical framework for teaching metalinguistic understanding in writing. The proposed framework includes concepts to support the way writers might focus their ‘readerly’ attention via devices such as ‘figure’ and ‘ground’, ‘scope’, ‘attentional windowing’ and ‘deixis’, to create narrative perspectives and interactions between narrative participants, by means of ‘clausal action chains’. The theory is premised on the idea that students can be taught to ‘embody’ the imagined narrative world, and make specific grammatical choices to effectively capture, for the reader, each element of their story. The framework outlines the role of the teacher, when supporting the student, in both the ‘embodiment’ of their narrative, and their grammatical decision‐making.
Lymphovenous shunts: from development to clinical applications
Authors: Tucker A. Blake , Krishnan Pranav , Agarwal Shailesh 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe lymphatic system is a vast network of vessels that functions to return excess fluid from the interstitial space to the blood stream. Lymphovenous shunts are anastomoses, either natural or surgical, that connect the lymphatic and venous systems. Connections between the thoracic duct and venous system or between the right lymphatic duct and venous system are prime examples of anatomic lymphovenous shunts. Lymphovenous shunts are also present peripherally in tissues such as lymph nodes. Furthermore, pathologic lymphovenous shunts are observed in conditions such as lymphedema, malignancy, and lymphovenous malformations. Surgically, lymphovenous shunts may be constructed as an approach to treat lymphedema. Here, we discuss anatomic and surgical lymphovenous shunts in the context of normal development and disease. This perspective is intended to give an understanding of the role of lymphovenous shunts in health and disease and to show how they can be leveraged to treat disease surgically.
Deep learning for post‐hurricane aerial damage assessment of buildings
Authors: Cheng Chih‐Shen , Behzadan Amir H. , Noshadravan Arash 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study aims to improve post‐disaster preliminary damage assessment (PDA) using artificial intelligence (AI) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery. In particular, a stacked convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is introduced and trained on an in‐house visual dataset from Hurricane Dorian. To account for the ordinality of damage level classes, the cross‐entropy classification loss function is replaced with the square of earth mover's distance (EMD2) loss. The trained model achieves 65.6% building localization precision and 61% (90% considering ±1 class deviation from ground‐truth) classification accuracy. It also exhibits a positive accuracy–confidence correlation, which is valuable for model assessment in situations where ground‐truth information is not readily available. Finally, the outcome of damage assessment is compared with the literature by examining the relationship between building size and number of stories, and severity of induced disaster damage.
Implementation at‐scale of school‐based physical activity interventions: A systematic review utilizing the RE‐AIM framework
Authors: Kennedy Sarah G. , Sanders Taren , Estabrooks Paul A. , Smith Jordan J. , Lonsdale Chris , Foster Charlie , Lubans David R. 
Published: February 2021

SummarySchool‐based interventions can increase young people's physical activity levels, but few are implemented at‐scale (i.e., the expanded delivery of efficacious interventions under real‐world conditions into new/broader populations). The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE‐AIM) framework can be used to describe the extent to which interventions have been implemented at‐scale. The aim of our review was to determine the extent to which studies of school‐based physical activity interventions implemented at‐scale reported information across the RE‐AIM dimensions. We conducted a systematic search of seven electronic databases to identify studies published up to June 2019. A total of 26 articles (representing 14 individual studies) met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Eleven studies reported actual or estimated number of students exposed to the intervention; however, the representativeness of these students was rarely reported. Nine studies reported the intervention effect on the primary outcome during scale‐up. Ten studies reported the rate of participating schools/teachers; however, none reported on the characteristics of adopters/nonadopters. Eight studies reported intervention fidelity. Eleven studies described the extent to which the intervention was sustained in schools. There was considerable variability in the reporting of RE‐AIM outcomes across studies. There is a need for greater consistency in the evaluation, and reporting of, school‐based physical activity interventions implemented at‐scale.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of flucytosine in a cardiac transplant patient receiving continuous veno‐venous hemofiltration and intermittent hemodialysis: A case report
Authors: Williams Kelsey N. , Bidell Monique R. , Adamsick Meagan L. , Elshaboury Ramy H. , Roberts Matthew B. , Kotton Camille N. , Gandhi Ronak G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInvasive candidiasis is one of the common infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Guidelines recommend echinocandins or liposomal amphotericin with consideration of flucytosine (5‐fluorocytosine; 5‐FC) as synergistic therapy for treatment of select deep‐seated Candida infections, including complex endovascular infections. Flucytosine undergoes extensive renal elimination; however, optimal dosing in patients with renal impairment, or those requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT), is not well‐established. We describe a case of a 60‐year old female who underwent orthotopic heart transplant complicated by Candida parapsilosis complex fungemia with mediastinitis and development of end‐stage renal disease requiring RRT. Flucytosine therapeutic drug monitoring was performed on continuous veno‐venous hemofiltration (CVVH) and intermittent hemodialysis (iHD) to guide appropriate dosing. Our results support 5‐FC doses of 25 mg/kg daily while undergoing CVVH with a low fluid replacement rate and 21 mg/kg post‐iHD or 17 mg/kg daily while receiving thrice weekly iHD.
Prediction of donation return rate in young donors using machine‐learning models
Authors: Cloutier Marc , Grégoire Yves , Choucha Karine , Amja Anne‐Marie , Lewin Antoine 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe identification of factors leading to high or low return rates among volunteer blood donors is increasingly important to maintain sufficient blood supply. A particular focus on young donors is an essential component of blood bank donor retention strategy. By means of large databases, our aim was to predict the donation frequency pattern of young donors using a random forest model, to potentially improve donor retention and increase donation frequency.Materials and methodsRandom forests are an ensemble learning method for classification and regression designed to produce accurate predictions that do not overfit the data. They consist of a large number of independent decision trees that operate as an ensemble and classify data into groups in a sequential manner, using time‐specific cut‐offs to differentiate groups into branches. Since a large number of trees are grown, prediction of donation behaviour in young donors will be made with limited generalization errors.ResultsThe final dataset analysed was composed of 81 986 donors aged 18–24 at the last donation. The model correctly predicts more than 91% of the donation frequencies, with an overall error rate of 8·16% and specific error rates of 4·6% and 12·3% for ‘unreturned donor’ and ‘returned donor’ groups, respectively. The best predictive variables used in the model appear to be the number of contacts used by the marketing department, the donors’ age, the number of adverse effects during donation, the donors’ status and the ethnicity.ConclusionOur results provide relevant information for interpreting donor behaviour and could contribute to the improvement of initiatives by blood services to increase donation return rate.
Role of miR‐211 in a PC12 cell model of Alzheimer's disease via regulation of neurogenin 2
Authors: Liu Xin‐Hong , Ning Fang‐Bo , Zhao Da‐Peng , Chang Yan‐Yan , Wu Hua‐Min , Zhang Wen‐Hiu , Yu Ai‐Ling 
Published: February 2021

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?
What is the mechanism of miR‐211 in an Alzheimer's disease cell model?

What is the main finding and its importance?
miR‐211 was upregulated in an Alzheimer's disease cell model. It targeted neurogenin 2, reduced the activation of the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase–Akt signalling pathway, inhibited the proliferation of the Alzheimer's disease cell model and promoted apoptosis.

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRs) are aberrantly expressed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. This study was intended to investigate the effect of miR‐211 on an AD cell model and the involvement of neurogenin 2 (Ngn2). The appropriate dose and time for the effect of Aβ1–42 on PC12 cells were determined to establish an AD cell model. An effect of miR‐211 expression on cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis was detected after cell transfection. Online prediction and a dual luciferase reporter gene assay were utilized to confirm the binding sequence of miR‐211 and Ngn2. qRT‐PCR and western blot analysis were applied to measure Ngn2 expression. A gain and loss of function assay of miR‐211 and Ngn2 was performed, and activation of the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)–Akt signaling pathway was detected. The AD cell model was induced by Aβ1–42 treatment. miR‐211 expression was significantly enhanced after miR‐211 transfection, leading to suppressed proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in Aβ1–42‐treated PC12 cells. In addition, miR‐211 could downregulate Ngn2 mRNA and protein expression, while overexpression of Ngn2 could reverse the effects of miR‐211 on Aβ1–42‐treated PC12 cells and significantly enhance the phosphorylated Akt and PI3K protein levels. miR‐211 could inhibit growth of PC12 cells by suppressing Ngn2 expression and inactivating the PI3K–Akt signalling pathway.
An Improved Model of Height Profile for Drop-On-Demand Print of Ultraviolet Curable Ink
Authors: Wu Yumeng , Chiu George 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes an improved model of height profile for drop-on-demand printing of ultraviolet curable ink. Unlike previous model, the proposed model propagates volume and covered area based on height difference between adjacent drops. Height profile is then calculated from the propagated volume and area. Measurements of two-drop and three-drop patterns are used to experimentally compute model parameters. The parameters are used to predict and validate height profiles of four and more drops in a straight line. Using the same root-mean-square (RMS) error as benchmark, this model achieves 5.9% RMS height profile error on four-drop lines. This represents more than 60% reduction from graph-based model and an improvement from our previous effort.
High-latitude ice and climate control on sediment supply across SW Gondwana during the late Carboniferous and early Permian
Authors: Griffis N. , Montañez I. , Mundil R. , Heron D. Le , Dietrich P. , Kettler C. , Linol B. , Mottin T. , Vesely F. , Iannuzzi R. , Huyskens M. , Yin Q.-Z. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The response of sediment routing to climatic changes across icehouse-to-greenhouse turnovers is not well documented in Earth's pre-Cenozoic sedimentary record. Southwest Gondwana hosts one of the thickest and most laterally extensive records of Earth's penultimate icehouse, the late Paleozoic ice age. We present the first high-resolution U-Pb zircon chemical abrasion–isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS) analysis of late Paleozoic ice age deposits in the Kalahari Basin of southern Africa, which, coupled with existing CA-ID-TIMS zircon records from the Paraná and Karoo Basins, we used to refine the late Paleozoic ice age glacial history of SW Gondwana. Key findings from this work suggest that subglacial evidence in the Kalahari region is restricted to the Carboniferous (older than 300 Ma), with glacially influenced deposits culminating in this region by the earliest Permian (296 Ma). The U-Pb detrital zircon geochronologic records from the Paraná Basin of South America, which was located downstream of the Kalahari Basin in the latest Carboniferous and Permian, indicate that large-scale changes in sediment supplied to the Paraná were contemporaneous with shifts in the SW Gondwana ice record. Gondwanan deglaciation events were associated with the delivery of far-field, African-sourced sediments into the Paraná Basin. In contrast, Gondwanan glacial periods were associated with the restriction of African-sourced sediments into the basin. We interpret the influx of far-field sediments into the Paraná Basin as an expansion of the catchment area for the Paraná Basin during the deglaciation events, which occurred in the latest Carboniferous (300–299 Ma), early Permian (296 Ma), and late early Permian (&lt;284 Ma). The coupled ice and detrital zircon records for this region of Gondwana present opportunities to investigate climate feedbacks associated with changes in freshwater and nutrient delivery to late Paleozoic ocean basins across the turnover from icehouse to greenhouse conditions.
Effect of temperature on microbial residue dynamics in a temperate farmland soil
Authors: Zhang Wei , Dong Shuhan , Nie Ming , Liang Chao , Zhang Xiaochen , He Hongbo , Zhang Xudong 
Published: February 2021

Microorganisms mediate soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover, and microbial residues contribute a significant portion to SOC storage in temperate agroecosystems. However, little is known about the direct effect of temperature on microbial residues associated with SOC sequestration/decomposition. We assessed microbial residue dynamics in a 28 d incubation conducted at four temperatures (5, 15, 25, and 35 °C). Microbial residues did not change with time from 5 to 25 °C. However, at 35 °C, fungal residues decomposed significantly with time, and the decomposition rate was higher than SOC. Considering the important contribution of fungal residues to stable-C pool, our findings indicated warming may be detrimental to C stability in this temperate soil.
Thermodynamics in new model of loop quantum cosmology
Authors: Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe thermodynamic properties of loop quantum cosmology (LQC) without considering the Lorentz term were established in Li and Zhu (Adv High Energy Phys 2009:905705, 2009). In this paper, we extend this result to the recent proposed new model of LQC with the Lorentz term. We investigate the thermodynamics of LQC on the apparent horizon of the Friedmann–Lematre–Robertson–Walker universe. The result shows that the effective density and effective pressure in the modified Friedmann equation of LQC not only determines the evolution of the universe but can also serve as the thermodynamic quantities. Moreover, with the help of the Misner–Sharp energy, the first law of thermodynamics of the LQC is still valid as expected. This in turn endows precise physical meaning to the effective matter density $$\rho _{eff}$$

ρ

eff

and the effective pressure $$P_{eff}$$

P

eff

.
Attention dynamics on the Chinese social media Sina Weibo during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cui Hao , Kertész János 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUnderstanding attention dynamics on social media during pandemics could help governments minimize the effects. We focus on how COVID-19 has influenced the attention dynamics on the biggest Chinese microblogging website Sina Weibo during the first four months of the pandemic. We study the real-time Hot Search List (HSL), which provides the ranking of the most popular 50 hashtags based on the amount of Sina Weibo searches. We show how the specific events, measures and developments during the epidemic affected the emergence of different kinds of hashtags and the ranking on the HSL. A significant increase of COVID-19 related hashtags started to occur on HSL around January 20, 2020, when the transmission of the disease between humans was announced. Then very rapidly a situation was reached where COVID-related hashtags occupied 30–70% of the HSL, however, with changing content. We give an analysis of how the hashtag topics changed during the investigated time span and conclude that there are three periods separated by February 12 and March 12. In period 1, we see strong topical correlations and clustering of hashtags; in period 2, the correlations are weakened, without clustering pattern; in period 3, we see a potential of clustering while not as strong as in period 1. We further explore the dynamics of HSL by measuring the ranking dynamics and the lifetimes of hashtags on the list. This way we can obtain information about the decay of attention, which is important for decisions about the temporal placement of governmental measures to achieve permanent awareness. Furthermore, our observations indicate abnormally higher rank diversity in the top 15 ranks on HSL due to the COVID-19 related hashtags, revealing the possibility of algorithmic intervention from the platform provider.
Polysilicon devices as a highly compatible ESD protection with modulable voltage and low capacitance
Authors: Jiang yibo , Bi Hui , Xu Zhihao , Zhao Wei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Xiaolei 
Published: February 2021

The electronic circuits fabricated in a variety of technologies for different applications are all vulnerable to the electrostatic discharge (ESD) event. In this paper, polysilicon devices are investigated as ESD protection because of the noticeable advantages such as compatibility with several technologies, low parasitical capacitance, and little noise coupling. By forming the p-i-n diode in the polysilicon layer and stacking them together, the single polysilicon diode (SPD) and cascaded polysilicon diode (CasPD) are implemented in the 0.35 [Formula: see text] high voltage diffusion process. Through DC IV/CV, transmission line pulse (TLP), and zipping test, the CasPD presents as ESD protection for an S-band RF power amplifier, with high process-compatibility, modulable voltage, low leakage current and parasitic capacitance.
Effect of ultrasonic power on wettability, porosity and mechanical properties of ultrasonic-aided laser reflow soldering
Authors: Wang Bo , Pan Kailin , Gong Yubing , Long Yuhong , Shi Kai 
Published: February 2021

Wettability, porosity and mechanical properties of ultrasonic-aided laser reflow soldering lead-free solder Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) on Cu pad have been investigated at ultrasonic vibration (USV) of different power. The parameters of laser reflow soldering are determined by the wetting experiment, and the effects of different ultrasonic powers on the performance of the solder joint are studied. Results showed that USV can improve wettability without keyholes on top of the solder joint, and the contact angle between the solder joint and the substrate decreases first and then increases as the ultrasonic power increases. The cavitation effect caused by USV effectively reduces the porosity of the solder joints. When the ultrasonic power is 225 W, the porosity of the solder joint is reduced from the initial 13.2% to 5.2%. Through X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis of the solder joint matrix, all solder joints have diffraction peaks of [Formula: see text]-Sn, Cu6Sn5 and Ag3Sn, and the solder joints show higher diffraction peak intensity with USV treated. Furthermore, the solder joints prepared by ultrasonic-aided laser reflow soldering show better shear strength compared with laser reflow soldering.
Voltage-driven mutual phase locking of planar nano-oscillators
Authors: Liang Fang , Wang Hanbin , Pan Jintao , Li Jun , Xu Kunyuan , Luo Yi 
Published: February 2021

Phase locking is a common phenomenon related to coupled oscillators that play an important role in various natural and artificial systems. In this study, we analyzed the possibility of dynamically controlling such a phenomenon between Gunn-effect-based planar nanooscillators via an ensemble Monte Carlo (EMC) method. We found that between two oscillators in parallel with each other, there are two coupling paths, which could be opened or closed via structure determined inner-field effect. One of the paths results in in-phase locking, and whereas the other gives rise to anti-phase locking. Furthermore, by combining the inner-field effect and a top-gate effect, one could dynamically control the phase locking via the top gate’s bias. EMC results showed that the transition time from in-phase to anti-phase locking can be less than 0.2 ns. Accompanied by this was a signal-frequency doubling, from approximately 0.33 THz to approximately 0.66 THz. Based on Adler’s theory, we confirmed the phase locking and concluded that the phase-locking transition could not be properly modeled unless electron-scattering noise was included. Moreover, we obtained the locking range and the frequency fluctuation due to electron-transport noise. The proposed method is convenient and may be applied to other electronic oscillators, thereby aiding in developing high-speed beam-steerable THz sources.