bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive and Negative Affect influences Attitudes Toward Aging
Authors: INTRIERI R , Goodwin Paige 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Aging Semantic Differential (ASD; Rosencranz & McNevin, 1969) is one of the most widely used measures in the aging literature to measure attitudes rather than knowledge or beliefs about aging. Originally 32-items the ASD has been reduced through careful factor analysis to 20-items representing 4 factors representing: Instrumentality, Autonomy, Acceptability, and Integrity. Latent summary scores were created for each factor, with lower scores representing more positive attitude toward older adults. Despite its widespread use there are no published studies that examine the relationships between the four ASD factors and Positive and Negative affect. Positive and Negative affect are related to and represent the core aspects of Extraversion and Neuroticism. The prime objective of this study was to assess the relationships between Positive and Negative affect and the four ASD factors. The sample comprises 1189 undergraduate participants with a mean age of 22.02 (SD=6.27). The sample included 611 men and 578 women. Results showed the path model fitted the data well (CFI = 953, TLI = .944, RMSEA = 0.066, SRMR = 0.035). Positive affect was significantly related to Instrumentality, Acceptability, and Integrity (β= -0.073, (SE= 0.034); p=0.034; β= --0.141 (SE= 0.033), p=0.0001; β= -0.146 (SE= 0.032), p=0.0001). These results show that higher positive affect was related to more positive beliefs about Instrumentality, Acceptability, and Integrity. Negative affect was significantly related to Integrity (β= 0.079, (SE= 0.032); p=0.012) indicating that greater negative affect was related to more negative beliefs about bodily integrity.
Embodying the Aging Experience: How Virtual Reality Is Transforming Medical and Nursing Education
Authors: Gugliucci Marilyn , Saunders Pamela , Washington Erin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) has long been standard in healthcare education. Recent advances in VR hardware and software applications have coalesced to allow for higher fidelity, more highly realistic simulations that are also deployable at scale -- not just in highly specialized, single location simulation labs. In tandem, there has been an examination in both the corporate and academic sectors around the efficacy of VR training and learning. While VR has been long proven to be effective in training students and workers in hard skills, its lack of realism has been a barrier to explore efficacy in simulations related to soft skills and emotional intelligence. This symposium will discuss the implementation of virtual reality “labs”, where learners embody in a live 360 film environment the first-person point of view of an older adult -- interacting with gaze, voice, and natural hand motions – into four university’s medical and nursing curriculum. Lab outcomes include decreased ageism and stereotyping, and increased empathy, sensitivity, cultural competency, and disease knowledge. The first paper reports outcomes of increased understanding, comfort, compassion and empathy of students and informal caregivers after experiencing various labs. The second discusses comparative data on knowledge and attitudes of medical students experiencing the virtual labs individually vs. the group distance mode. The third reports the results of an initial study on how embodying an older adult with sensory impairment affects participant empathy using a standardized scale. The fourth discusses how one university transitioned to delivering immersive labs to nursing students remotely during COVID19.
Evidence-Based Integrative Health Care to Promote Quality of Life in Older Adults With Cancer
Authors: Majeski Robin , Chiaramonte Delia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cancer disproportionately affects older adults and presents significant challenges to patients’ quality of life. Use of complementary medicine is increasing among older adults with cancer and these modalities have the potential for both benefit and harm. Thus, it is important that health care professionals are knowledgeable about the evidence-supported benefits and risks of complementary and integrative health approaches in the care of older adults with cancer. Integrative cancer care provides a comprehensive approach to reducing symptom burden in patients suffering with cancer symptoms and side effects of cancer treatment. Symptoms such as pain, fatigue, nausea, sleep disturbance, mood disorder, perceived stress, and reduced quality of life are common in this population.This session will discuss an evidence-based integrative approach to cancer care which incorporates both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic modalities to decrease symptom burden, enhance patient well-being, and improve quality of life. Non-pharmacologic modalities used in the integrative approach to care will be described and relevant evidence for risks, benefits and indications will be presented. Case studies will be discussed to demonstrate the integration of these techniques into conventional western medical treatment plans for older adults with cancer. Diversity and inclusion issues relevant to integrative medicine for underserved cancer patients will be addressed, as well as recommendations for future research to expand access of underserved populations to evidence-supported integrative cancer care. A resource list will be provided to participants.
Factors Related To The Loneliness Of Older Women With Hypertension In Tehran
Authors: Kakhki Ali Darvishpoor , Mohammadi Sona , Miri Reza 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Older women have longevity and face with common chronic diseases such as hypertension longer than men. In addition the refusal to accept older women into the mainstream of society can affect the loneliness of older women particularly in developing countries such as Iran. This study was conducted to describe factors related to loneliness of older women with hypertension in Tehran. This descriptive, correlational study was conducted on a sample of 300 older women above age 60 in five regions of Tehran in 2020. A socio-demographic questionnaire and the Russell Loneliness Scale were used for data collection. Content validity and Cronbach’s alpha were used for evaluating the validity and reliability of questionnaires. 61% of older women were widowed and 37.3% lived alone with a mean age of 72.16(± 8.5) year. The mean score for loneliness was 66.26 (±13.44) on a 20 to 80-point scale. The scores of loneliness were influenced significantly by not having an income source, no living companion, chronic diseases, hospitalization in last year, family history of hypertension, and duration of hypertension. The best predictors of loneliness were hospitalization in last year, duration of hypertension, family history of hypertension, and chronic diseases. The findings of this study showed that loneliness is very common in older women with hypertension and is related to a number of factors. Monitoring modifiable factors such as hospitalization in the last year and non-modifiable factors such as duration of hypertension will help us to prevent or reduce loneliness in older women with hypertension.
Health trajectories after age 60: the role of individual behaviours and social contexts
Authors: Calderón-Larrañaga Amaia , Hu Xiaonan , Haaksma Miriam , Rizzuto Debora , Fratiglioni Laura , Vetrano Davide 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to detect different health trajectories after age 60, and to explore to what extent individual and social factors may contribute to healthier ageing. Twelve-year health trajectories were identified in subjects from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Kungsholmen (N=3108), integrating five indicators related to diseases, physical and cognitive function, and disability by means of nominal response models. Growth mixture models were applied to explore health trajectories in terms of rate and pattern of change. Baseline information about health-related behaviours and social context was collected through standardized questionnaires. The strength of the associations was estimated using logistic regression, and their impact through population attributable fractions (PAF). Three trajectories were identified grouping 78%, 18%, and 4% of people with respectively increasing rates of health decline Compared to the best trajectory, subjects in the middle and worst trajectories became functionally dependent 12.0 (95%CI:11.4-12.6) and 12.1 (95%CI:11.5-12.7) years earlier, respectively. Insufficient physical activity (OR:3.38, 95%CI:2.58-4.42), financial strain (OR:2.76, 95%CI:1.77-4.30), &lt;12 years education (OR:1.53, 95%CI:1.14-2.04), low social connections (OR:1.45, 95%CI:1.09-1.94), low social participation (OR:1.39, 95%CI:1.06-1.83) and a body mass index ≥25 (OR:1.34, 95%CI:1.03-1.75) were associated with belonging to the middle/worst trajectories. The highest PAFs were observed for insufficient physical activity (27.1%), low education (19.3%) and low social participation (15.9%); a total PAF of 66.1% was obtained when considering all significant exposures together. Complementarily considering life-long factors belonging to the socioeconomic, psychosocial, and behavioural dimensions should be central to any strategy aimed at fostering health in older age.
Association of Body Compartment Shrinkage with Subsequent Health Care Utilization in Older Men
Authors: Schousboe John , Langsetmo Lisa , Kats Allyson , Taylor Brent , Ensrud Kristine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Both height loss and weight loss among the very old are associated with adverse health outcomes including fractures and mortality. However, it is not clear whether the associations between weight loss and health outcomes are attributable to specific compartmental (fat vs. fat-free) loss or whether they are attributable to overall shrinkage. Our objective was to estimate the associations of compartmental loss and height loss with subsequent total health care costs, acute hospitalizations, and skilled nursing facility (SNF) stays over a three-year follow-up period, adjusted for each other and important covariates (age, race, multimorbidity, IADL impairment, depressive symptoms, walk speed). Our analytic cohort was 1505 older men (mean [SD] age 79.3 [5.2] years) who attended the 3rd Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study visit (V3) and who were enrolled in Medicare Fee for Service (FFS). Annualized changes in fat-free and fat mass (measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and height were assessed over a mean (SD) 6.8 (0.3) years prior to V3. Total health care costs, acute hospital stays, and SNF stays were ascertained during 3 years after V3 using linked Medicare FFS claims files. Fat-free mass loss (per SD) was associated with total health care costs (cost ratio 1.10, 95% CI 1.01, 1.19), but not with acute hospital or SNF stays. Fat mass loss and height loss were not associated with health care utilization outcomes after multivariable adjustment. Loss of fat-free mass is modestly associated with higher total health care costs after accounting for age, race, multimorbidity, and IADL impairment.
Virtually Transformative Experiences in Geriatric Education: Lessons Pre and Post Pandemic
Authors: Saunders Pamela 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Georgetown University medical students have the option of selecting a two-week rotation in Geriatrics during their third-year. Since Fall 2019, the curriculum has included three immersive virtual reality (VR) labs: hearing & vision loss, Alzheimer’s disease, and end-of-life conversations created by Embodied Labs. The curricular goals include increasing empathy and sensitivity of learners to the perspective of older adults, decreasing ageism & stereotyping, and increasing clinical knowledge. In each lab, students are immersed in a live film, first-person point of view of an older adult. They interact with the immersive environment via gaze, voice, and natural hand motions. Pre-pandemic, students viewed the labs in-person using a commercial VR headset. Since the pandemic, March 2020, students accessed the VR labs through the virtual modality of Zoom. This abstract summarizes data on knowledge and attitudes examining differences in knowledge and attitudes pre and post-pandemic.
Cost Reduction Behaviors and Cost-Related Medication Nonadherence in Older Adults with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Bamgbade Benita , McManus David , Briesacher Becky , Lessard Darleen , Mehawej Jordy , Tisminestzky Mayra , Gurwitz Jerry , Saczynski Jane 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
While factors such as forgetfulness may result in medication nonadherence, 2.7 million older adults in the US experience cost-related nonadherence (CRN). Limited research has explored CRN and associated cost-reduction behaviors (CRB) in older adults with atrial fibrillation. The objectives of this study were to 1) describe the prevalence of CRN, CRB and spending less on basic needs to afford medication and 2) examine factors associated with CRB among older adults with atrial fibrillation. Data were drawn from the Systematic Assessment of Geriatric Elements in Atrial Fibrillation (SAGE-AF), a prospective cohort of older adults with atrial fibrillation (&gt;65 years). Using a self-administered survey, all participants completed a validated CRN measure. Chi-square and t-tests were used to evaluate differences in participant characteristics across CRB and significant characteristics (p&lt;0.05) were entered into a logistic regression model. Participants (N=1244) were on average 76 years and 49% were female. Among all participants, 4.2% reported CRN; 69.1% reported CRB; and 5.9% reported spending less on basic needs. Compared to participants who did not engage in CRB, participants who engaged in CRB were less likely to be cognitively impaired and more likely to be a race/ethnicity other than non-Hispanic white; have Medicare insurance; and have comorbidities. CRB were common among older adults with atrial fibrillation and was associated with in-tact cognitive function, the presence of medical comorbidities and non-White race. Clinicians might consider providing patients with cognitive impairment additional support such as patient assistance programs or referrals to pharmacists for medication therapy management to assist with CRB.
Metabolic comorbidities among patients with peripheral artery disease: a national population-based study
Authors: Ryu Gi Wook , Choi Mona , Park Young Shin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a chronic disease which is associated with old age. PAD was known as an age-related chronic condition. Metabolic comorbid conditions which include hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia can have negative impacts on blood vessels aggravating PAD in elderly patients. Therefore, metabolic comorbidities need be considered in order to develop intervention for patients with PAD. The aim of this study is to find the characteristics of PAD patients with metabolic comorbidities. This is a retrospective study that used the national claim data of South Korea from 2009 to 2018. The inclusion criteria were adults (20+) and patients diagnosed with PAD as a primary or secondary diagnosis from 2011 to 2017. The frequency of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and metabolic comorbidities in PAD patients was examined. In addition, the difference in the number of metabolic comorbidities according to sex was identified using the chi-squared test. Among the total PAD adult patients(n=8,478,876), the number of elderly patients over 60 years old was 4,124,592(48.7%). Among the total patients, PAD patients with hypertension were the most common at 958,329 (11.30%). Sex was significantly related to having metabolic comorbidities and women showed higher proportion of metabolic comorbidities compared to men (χ2 =5.02, p&lt;.001). As the frequency of PAD patients with hypertension were the highest, it is necessary to develop a health management program that considers metabolic comorbidities, especially hypertension, in order to manage PAD disease. In addition, there is a need for special interest in intervening metabolic conditions of female patients with PAD.
Intrinsic, extrinsic and interaction theories on falls and aging-in-place: A C-T-E scoping review
Authors: Albright Bonnie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As aging in place increases in popularity, it is important to understand potential negative outcomes related to the trend. For this presentation, the conceptual-theoretical-empirical (C-T-E) scoping review technique was used to organize research on in-home falls of community-dwelling older adults. Research and theory were included from the fields of social gerontology, disability, policy, social justice, medicine, rehabilitation, and housing. While research from these multiple fields overlaps, an overarching conceptual framework for organizing this literature was found to categorize the theories into three main conceptual areas. The three conceptual areas are: intrinsic (related to the person only), extrinsic (related to external factors only), and interaction between intrinsic and extrinsic (related to the interaction between the person and external factors). This conceptual framework shares similarities with work by others in use of the terms intrinsic and extrinsic, and it draws on the larger influence of Bronfenbrenner's socio-ecological model. However, this review extends previous work by providing a framework for organizing the contributions to falls research across multiple disciplines.
Moves to age-restricted housing and functional health trajectories among independent living older adults
Authors: Webster Noah , Brauer Simon 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Where independent living older adults live has been found to have strong links with disability. For example, older adults living in age-restricted housing contexts (e.g., retirement communities) have been found to have worse functional health compared to those living in non-age-restricted settings. Theories and empirical research demonstrate positive and negative aspects of living in age-restricted housing. Recent availability of population-level longitudinal data with sufficiently large samples has made examination of this heterogeneity possible. In this study we examine whether a move to age-restricted housing is associated with functional health trajectories and whether age at time of move moderates this link. We examine these questions using nine waves of longitudinal data from a representative sample of 8,687 U.S. adults age 65 and older from the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Spline-like growth curve models were estimated to determine the intercept, slope prior to move to age-restricted housing, and slope after the move. We also tested whether these processes are conditional on age at time of move. Results indicate that regardless of age all respondents experienced a decline in functional health following a move to age-restricted housing. However, there is variation in the steepness of this decline by age at time of the move. People who move to age-restricted housing earlier experience a less steep decline in functional health post-move compared to those who move later. Findings suggest moving to age-restricted housing earlier may enable older adults to utilize resources often available in these settings to prevent steep health declines.
Testing frailty, accessible housing, and changes in living arrangements using the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Albright Bonnie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study examined housing accessibility elements of community-dwelling older adults using the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Housing accessibility elements were tested as moderators in the relationship between prior frailty and later living arrangements. HRS physical measures were used to construct the Physical Frailty Phenotype and the Continuous Frailty Scale. The analytic method for the study was multinomial logistic regression. Latent class analysis was also used to identify housing accessibility element use-types. Study findings will be presented. Strengths and weaknesses of using the HRS to measure home accessibility and construct frailty scales will also be discussed.
The relationship between family and residential settings: Aging in place vs long term care facility in South Korea
Authors: Min Joohong , Oh Seung-eun , Kim Bon 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to explore the factors influencing long-term-care beneficiaries’ decisions between home health care and institutional care in South Korea. This study further investigated the association between these two types of long-term care services and emotional, financial, and physical burden alleviation among the beneficiaries and their family members. Methods: We analyzed data from 2019 Long-Term Care Survey. Out of 5,606 respondents, 4,079 long-term care beneficiaries and family members were included in this study. Logistic regression models were conducted to understand factors associated with types of long-term care services, and the association between types of long-term care services and burden alleviation. Results: Having a spouse, having children, or a shorter geographic distance between the beneficiaries and their family members were factors associated with higher likelihood of receiving home health care rather than institutional care. Also, more sever mobility limitation, outpatient care, and fall experiences were associated with higher likelihood of receiving institutional care. Utilization of institutional care was significantly associated with higher alleviation of physical burden. No significant differences between home health care and institutional care were found on emotional and financial burden alleviation. Conclusions: The findings suggest that family resources may be beneficial for older adults to pursue aging in place in later life. However, the physical toll of their family members may exist. Our findings provide evidence to inform public policy decisions on long-term care services for older adults and their family members.
Validation of a Measure of Loneliness for Homebound Older Adults
Authors: Chan Keith , Marsack-Topolewski Christina , LaFave Sarah , Ratnayake Maggie , Graves Jillian , Fenske Diane 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The pandemic has disproportionately impacted older adults, highlighting the need to address social isolation for this population. Homebound older adults are at risk for loneliness, which is a correlate of poor mental and physical health. COVID-19 has exacerbated effects of social isolation by limiting contact with family and other visitors. In-depth empirical validation of loneliness scales is needed to examine the measurement of this construct for homebound older adults who are aging in place. This study examined the reliability and validity of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (v3) for a community-dwelling population of older adults who received home-based support services due to their homebound status or have chronic illness resulting in ADL limitations. Using in-home interviews, data were collected for 175 older adults using the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Reliability and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to examine its psychometric properties. Findings demonstrated the scale had good internal consistency reliability (ɑ = 0.91). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated a two-factor solution, 1) disconnectedness and 2) connectedness, accounting for 92% of the variability in the 20 items. The lack of meaningful relationships (ƛ = 0.73, p &lt; 0.05) or having someone to turn to (ƛ = 0.68, p &lt; 0.05) substantively contributed to disconnectedness. Feeling that there were people to talk to (ƛ = 0.67, p &lt; 0.05) and turn to (ƛ = 0.76, p &lt; 0.05) contributed to connectedness. Future research can further examine how quality of relationships and benefits of being connected to others can address loneliness and isolation for this population.