bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation Mechanism of Graphene Oxide on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Bio-Based Gel-Spun Lignin/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Fibers
Authors: Jin Yanhong , Jing Yuanyuan , Hu Wenxin , Lin Jiaxian , Cheng Yu , Yang Xiaona , Zhang Kun , Lu Chunhong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lignin has been used as a sustainable and eco-friendly filler in composite fibers. However, lignin aggregation occurred at high lignin content, which significantly hindered the further enhancement of fiber performance. The incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) enhanced the mechanical properties of the lignin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers and affected their structure. With the GO content increasing from 0 to 0.2%, the tensile strength of 5% lignin/PVA fibers increased from 491 MPa to 631 MPa, and Young's modulus increased from 5.91 GPa to 6.61 GPa. GO reinforced 30% lignin/PVA fibers also showed the same trend. The tensile strength increased from 455 MPa to 553 MPa, and Young's modulus increased from 5.39 GPa to 7 GPa. The best mechanical performance was observed in PVA fibers containing 5% lignin and 0.2% GO, which had an average tensile strength of 631 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 6.61 GPa. The toughness values of these fibers are between 9.9-15.6 J/g, and the fibrillar and ductile fracture microstructure were observed. Structure analysis of fibers showed that GO reinforced 5% lignin/PVA fibers had higher crystallinity, and evidence of hydrogen bonding among GO, lignin, and PVA in the gel fibers was revealed. Further, water resistance and swelling behavior of composite PVA fibers were studied to further evidence the structure change of composite fibers.
Study of The Biomass, Sand, and Biochar Fluidization in A Typical Bed of Fast Pyrolysis
Authors: Vasconcelos David , Júnior José Ferreira , Simonelli George , Santos Luiz Carlos , Pires Carlos Augusto de Moraes 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Biomass pyrolysis usually occurs in a fluidized bed reactor formed by sand, biomass, and biochar. Dynamics this fluidization differs from that of literature because the biomass is converted continually in biochar. In this study, a series of experiments have been carried out for ternary mixtures of sand, sisal residue, and biochar, varying the compositions and particle size. The tests were based on two simplification hypotheses (steady state and room temperature) due to fast biomass transformation in bed and low Van der Waals force to large particles. The dynamic characteristics determined included the bed pressure drop and bed fluctuation. The single and combined effects of particle size and composition on the final fluidization velocity (Uff) and particle segregation (S) have been analyzed using response surface (RSM). The Uff and S minimum values were found when the variables were in the smallest particle size and composition levels. New correlations were developed for predicting the values of Uff. The error from measured values when using the new correlation was 7.6%, while the literature equation was 9.7%. The present correlations predicted reasonably well predicted the Uff of ternary mixtures in the fast pyrolysis bed.
Adult ADHD and Emerging Models of Maladaptive Personality: A Meta-Analytic Review
Authors: Jacobsson Peter , Hopwood Christopher J. , Söderpalm Bo , Nilsson Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: ADHD is a highly consequential disorder that is estimated to affect 2.5% of the adult population. Emerging models of psychopathology posit that disorders like ADHD can be usefully situated within general models of individual differences in personality, such as those recently implemented in the DSM and ICD for the diagnosis of personality disorder. Previous research and systematic reviews have linked adult ADHD to the personality traits Conscientious Inhibition and Negative Emotionality. However, there have been some inconsistencies in the literature and research embedding ADHD-personality connections in the DSM-5 and ICD-11 personality disorder models has been limited. The goal of this paper was to systematically review associations between adult ADHD and personality traits, organized within a maladaptive five factor framework. Methods: A comprehensive literature search yielded 13 papers whose effects were meta-analyzed. Results: Results supported associations between ADHD and low Conscientious Inhibition and high Negative Emotionality. However, interesting patterns of variability were observed, potentially related to issues such as instrumentation and facet variation. Conclusion: Results support the clinical application of personality assessment for suggesting risk for ADHD symptoms, and point to important directions for further research.
Taxane/gemcitabine-Containing Chemotherapy Plus Locoregional IMRT for Patients With De Novo Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors Analysis
Authors: Du Chengrun , Ni Mengshan , Jiang Jianyun , Kong Fangfang , Zhai Ruiping , Lv Yingchen , Hu Chaosu , Ying Hongmei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate treatment outcomes of de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (mNPC) patients receiving taxane/gemcitabine-containing chemotherapy followed by locoregional intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and analyze potential prognostic factors.Materials and Methods: A total of 118 patients between March 2008 and November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were treated with taxane/gemcitabine-containing systemic chemotherapy followed by definitive locoregional IMRT. Potential prognostic factors including baseline absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and the subdivision of metastasis were analyzed. Results: The median follow-up time for the whole group was 31.5 months (range, 5-138 months). Of the 118 patients, 9 (7.6%) patients experienced local regional failure and 60(50.8%) patients had progression of distant metastasis. At the time of the last follow-up, 61(51.7%) patients were dead. The 5-year actuarial progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS),distant metastasis relapse free survival (DMFS) and local regional recurrence free survival (LRFS) were 34.2%, 44%, 41.1% and 82.6%, respectively. Baseline lymphocyte count ≥ 1600/μl prior to the treatment conferred better locoregional control (5y-LRFS 96% vs. 64.7%, p<0.001) and distant metastasis control (5y-MFS 50.4% vs. 32.4%, p=0.023). The multivariate analysis showed that high lymphocyte count was the most relevant predictor of superior PFS (HR = 0.236, P < 0.001) and OS (HR=0.518, p= 0.04). M subdivision was found as another independent prognostic factor for OS but not for PFSConclusion: Taxane/gemcitabine-containing chemotherapy combined with IMRT represents an effective treatment modality for mNPC. Baseline ALC is an independent significant prognostic factor for PFS and OS.
Using Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles to Alleviate the Toxicity on Banana Parasitic-Nematode
Authors: elansary Mostafa , Hamouda Ragaa , Elshamy Maha 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We appraised the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles, (ZnO-NPs) and zinc oxide bulk (ZnO-bulk) or zinc acetate, as a natural nematocide, alone or in combination with oxamyl in vitro and in vivo trials in order to improve systems for root-knot nematode (RKNs) control in banana plants. Especially, ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized from the alga, Ulva fasciata. In general, all applications of ZnO-NPs were more effective to control RKNs than ZnO-bulk as well oxamyl alone (chemical control). In in vitro conditions, ZnO-NPs with oxamyl showed 98.91% second stage juveniles2 (J2s) mortality of Meloidogyne incognita after 72 hrs, while 72.86% mortality was observed at the same NPs treatment without oxamyl at the same exposure time. The same treatment was the most effective in diminution of J2s community (82.77%) in soil and galls number (81.87%) in roots under in vivo conditions. In contrast, the highest weight and height of the shoot was observed in Zn-bulk treatment in combination with oxamyl as well oxamyl only (nematocides check). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reports displayed the distributions and accumulations of ZnO-NPs on the nematode (J2s) body under direct exposure, which might be the reason of NP-mediated toxicity and disruption for M. incognita.
Reducing the Dosing Frequency of Selective Digestive Tract Decontamination to Three Times Daily Provides Effective Decontamination of Potentially Pathogenic Micro-Organisms
Authors: Court Jara Rebekka de la , Sigaloff Kim C.E. , Groot Thomas , Spoel Johan I. van der , Schade Rogier P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PurposeThis study evaluated the effectiveness of selective digestive tract decontamination (SDD) application three times daily (t.i.d.) compared to the standard four times daily (q.i.d.).MethodsRetrospective equivalence study with a before-and-after design on a tertiary ICU in which the SDD frequency was reduced from q.i.d. to t.i.d. All patients with ICU admissions ≥72h, and with ≥2 surveillance cultures collected on different dates were included in this study. We compared successful decontamination of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Furthermore, time to decontamination, ICU-acquired GNB bacteraemia and 28-day mortality were compared between the two groups. ResultsIn total 1958 ICU admissions (1236 q.i.d., 722 t.i.d). Decontamination was achieved during the first week of admission in 77% and 76% of patients receiving SDD q.i.d and t.i.d., respectively. Successful decontamination within 14 days (without consecutive acquisition of Gram-negative bacteria) was achieved in 69.3.% of the admissions with q.i.d. versus 66.8% in t.i.d. SDD (p-value = 0.2519). The proportions of successful decontamination of GNB were equivalent in both groups (-0.025, 98% CI: -0.087; 0.037). There was no significant difference in time to decontamination between the two regimens (log-rank test p-value = 0.55). Incidence (episodes/1000 days) of ICU-acquired GNB bacteraemia was 0.9 in both groups and OR for death at day 28 in the t.i.d. group compared to the q.i.d. group was 0.99 (95% confidence interval, 0.80-1.21). ConclusionsThis study shows that a t.i.d. application regimen provides equally effective SDD compared to the standard q.i.d. regime, for both microbiological and clinical outcome measures.
Statistical Inference From Stem Cell Barcoding Data Using Adaptive Approximate Bayesian Computation
Authors: Chen Siyi , King Katherine Y. , Kimmel Marek 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Barcodes that can be supplied to cells by transduction of a library of unique DNA sequences allow identification of heterogeneity in cell populations and lineage tracing applications. Estimation of the number of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) clones is important since it also allows to approximate the number of hematopoietic stem cells from which the circulating blood cells descend. This problem is similar to the species problem, well-known to ecologists. However, an additional ”degree of freedom” exists, since different HSC generally give rise to clones with different growth rates. This adds credibility to sampling models based on different versions of Dirichlet-multinomial distributions. Results: We developed a truncated population approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) algorithm which is derived from sequential Monte Carlo ABC (SMC-ABC) and applied the method to the symmetric Dirichlet-multinomial model proposed by Zhang et al. (2005) and asymmetric Dirichlet-multinomial model we proposed. Methodology was tested using simulated and real-life data. Conclusions: Results suggest that flexibility of the asymmetric Dirichlet-multinomial helps to obtain insight into heterogeneity of proliferating cell systems such as HSC. Estimates based on experimental data approach the correct count of murine HSC.
Detection of Fibrous Liver Under Congestion by a Gravity-assisted Evaluation of Liver Stiffness
Authors: Suda Takeshi , Sugimoto Ai , Abe Atsushi , Kanefuji Tsutomu , Hoshi Takahiro , Abe Satoshi , Morita Shinichi , Yokoo Takeshi , Kamimura Kenya , Tsuchiya Atsunori , Takamura Masaaki , Yagi Kazuyoshi , Takahashi Masashi , Terai Shuji 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To evaluate architectural deformities of the liver under congestive conditions, shear wave elastography (SWE) was measured in the supine (Sp) and left decubitus (Ld) positions in 298 subjects. The inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter was significantly reduced at Ld in subjects with higher Ld-SWE than Sp-SWE but not in those with lower Ld-SWE. In 81 subjects, Sp-SWE was increased or decreased in Ld beyond the magnitude of robust coefficient of variation. Among these subjects, all 37 with normal Sp-SWE had higher Ld-SWE than Sp-SWE (NH), whereas in 44 residual subjects with abnormal Sp-SWE Ld-SWE was higher in 27 subjects (HH) and lower in 17 subjects (HS) than Sp-SWE. Sp-SWE was significantly correlated with the difference between Sp-SWE and Ld-SWE only in HS. When HH and HS were examined for each lobe, Fibrosis-4 or platelet counts were significantly higher only for HS versus NH. The paradoxical increase/decrease of liver stiffness/IVC diameter in Ld indicates the pressure threshold between the hepatic veins and IVC. Gravity alters the hepatic architecture during body postural changes, causing outflow blockage in hepatic veins. A rigid liver is resistant to structural deformation. Stiff-liver softening in Ld suggests fibrous liver.
Soil Heavy Metals Contamination of a Typical Calcium Carbide Slag Dump Sites: Source Apportionment and Risk Assessment
Authors: Zhiyuan Wu , zhang dan , Tianxiang Xia , Xiaoyang Jia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Source identification and risk assessment of heavy metals were the necessary preliminary work for the contaminated sites remediation. In this report, the As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn concentration in a typical calcium carbide slag dump site of thirty-four soil samples were collected to test. The source of heavy metals was analyzed by PMF model, and the apportionment of ecological risk and health risk with different pollution sources were calculated. The results show that Hg was the main polluted heavy metal in the site, with a maximum concentration of 112.19 mg.kg-1, and the soil in the site was accompanied by As, Cu and Pb co-contamination. The average Hg concentration in farmland samples was 0.13 mg.kg-1, which also exceeded the local soil background values, indicating that soil Hg contamination in the site had spread outwards. The sources of eight heavy metals were divided into oil refinery waste water and parent material mixed source (As, Cr, Cu and Pb), vinyl chloride waste source (Hg) and parent material source (Cd, Ni and Zn), respectively. The average potential ecological risk of soil in the site was 22344.39 and vinyl chloride waste source contributed 99.85% to ecological risk. The average CR of oil refinery waste-water and parent material mixed source for children and adults were 9.06×10-6 and 6.36×10-6, accounting for 99.9% and 99.48% of the total average CR for children and adults, respectively. The average HI of vinyl chloride waste source to children and adults were 0.6 and 0.38, accounting for 64.13% and 52.34% of the average total HI of child and adult, respectively. This indicates that children were more vulnerable to heavy metals. Compared with adults, the major pollution sources were more harmful to children.
Effects of Cascade Reservoir Systems on the Longitudinal Distribution of Sediment Characteristics: A Case Study of the Heihe River Basin
Authors: Wang Yu , Li Bao-long , Liu Juan-juan , Feng Qi , Liu Wei , Wang Xu , He Yu-hua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Spatial variations in grain-size parameters can reflect river sediment transport patterns and depositional dynamics. Therefore, 22 surficial sediment samples taken from the Heihe River and its cascade reservoirs were analyzed to better understand the impact of cascade reservoir construction on sediment transport patterns in inland rivers in China. The results showed that the longitudinal distribution of sediment grain size in the Heihe River was significantly affected by the influence of the cascade reservoirs. The grain size of the reservoir sediments within the cascade reservoir system was much lower than that of sediments in the natural river section, and the sediments in the natural river were well sorted, exhibiting leptokurtosis and positive or very positive skew. The lower reaches of the dammed river experienced strong erosion, and the grains of the bed sediments were coarse and poorly sorted; the grain-size distributions were more positively skewed and exhibited leptokurtosis. The backwater zone of the reservoir was influenced by both backwater and released water, and the sediment grain size was between the grain size of the natural river and that of the lower reaches of the dam; these sediments were moderately well sorted and had a positively skewed, leptokurtic grain-size distribution. Sedimentary environmental analysis revealed that the characteristics of the sediment grain size in an upstream tributary of the Heihe River were more influenced by source material than by hydrodynamic conditions, while the grain-size characteristics of the mainstream sediments were controlled mainly by hydrodynamic conditions.
Downregulation of Fibronectin 1 Attenuates ATRA-induced Inhibition of Cell Migration and Invasion in Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Tan Xiaolin , Gong Wei , Chen Bo , Gong Baocheng , Hua Zhongyan , Zhang Simeng , Chen Yang , Li Qi , Li Zhijie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common malignant extra cranial solid tumors in children. It has been well established that retinoic acid (RA) inhibits proliferation of neuroblastoma (NB) by blocking cells at G1 phase of the cell cycle. Clinically, RA has been successfully used to treat NB patients. However, the precise mechanism underlying the potent action of RA-treated NB is not fully explored. In this work, we carried out a gene expression profiling by RNA sequencing on all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-treated NB cells. Cancer-related pathway enrichment and subsequent protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified Fibronectin 1 (FN1) as one of the central molecules in the network, which was significantly upregulated during ATRA treatment.In addition, we found that although downregulation of FN1 had no significant effects on either cell proliferation or cell cycle distributions in the presence or absence of ATRA, it increased cell migration and invasion in NB cells and partially blocked ATRA-induced inhibition of cell migration and invasion in SY5Y NB cells. Consistent with this finding, FN1 expression levels in NB patients positively correlate with their overall survivals. Taken together, our data suggest that FN1 is a potential target for effective ATRA treatment on NB patients, likely by facilitating ATRA-induced inhibition of cell migration and invasion.
Improving Stripe Rust Resistance and Agronomic Performance in Three Elite Wheat Cultivars by Using a Combination of Marker Detection and Phenotypic Selection
Authors: Yang qiang , Fang taohong , Li xin , Yang Suizhuang , Kang Zhensheng , Zhou Xinli 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Wheat is an important cereal crop globally and improvement programs reach a plateau from ever-evolving stripe rust pathogen. Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici (PST), is a fungal disease that devastates global wheat production. This disease is most effectively restrained by developing and deploying cultivars with highly durable resistance. The utilization of resistant genes is essential for breeding resistant cultivars. To improve stripe rust resistance and achieve favorable agronomic performance in commercial cultivars, an adult plant resistance gene Yr48 was introgressed from PI610750 into three Chinese elite wheat cultivars Chuanmai 42, Lunxuan 987, and Bainongaikang 58 using a combination of marker detection and phenotypic selection.The three Chinese elite cultivars as the recipient parent were used to cross with the donor parent PI610750. Eighty-seven introgression lines (ILs) were gained from all three crosses in the F5 generation. To validate the introgression lines possessing Yr48, SSR markers previously reported to be linked to the resistance gene loci were used to detect its presence or absence in different genetic backgrounds. Resistance and effect of introgressed Yr48 were studied using F6 and F7 grain grown in the field. The ILs from three crosses were evaluated the agronomic traits and the stripe rust reaction following stringent phenotypic criteria. Both phenotype and genotype data confirmed the presence of Yr48. A combination of phenotypic selection and marker-assisted breeding revealed that 9 selected lines had more application prospects. Those ILs had increased TGW (4.5–31.1%) in infested environments compared to the recipient parents. New lines with improved disease resistance and better agronomic performance should have more advantages than the original cultivars in wheat breeding programs.
Genetics of Orange, Red and Yellow Root Colours in Tropical Carrots (Dacus Carota L.)
Authors: Selvakumar Raman , Manjunathagowda Dalasanuru Chandregowda , Kalia Pritam 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The research was carried out to study the colour inheritance genetics of the root epidermis, core (phloem) and cortex (xylem), from the parental crosses of the varieties Pusa Meghali (Orange), Pusa Rudhira (Red) and Pusa Kulfi (Yellow). Resultant in crosses yielded uniform mixed colours in F1 (first filial generation), thus could enhance the security of human nutrition through the mixture of carotenoids and anthocyanins in the F1. The F1s were advance to produce F2 and backcross (BCP1 and BCP2) generations, and the Chi-square test ratio (χ2) showed that the root colour of the orange epidermis and cortex (xylem) was dominant over the red and yellow colours, and regulated by dominant genes Oe and Ocx from the parent Pusa Meghali. While, the root colour of the orange core (phloem) was found to be recessive to the red (Rc) from Pusa Rudhira and yellow (Yc) colour from Pusa Kulfi, and to be regulated by a single recessive gene (oc) from the parent Pusa Meghali. These finding of genetic inheritance of colours would be useful in the development of bio-fortified F1 hybrids and varieties which are rich in flavonoids.
Synthesis of Li4Ti5O12/V2O5 Nanocomposites for Lithium-ion Batteries by a One-pot co-precipitation Method
Authors: zhenjie liu , Huang Yudai , Wang xingchao , Zhang Yue , Ding juan , Guo yong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Li4Ti5O12/V2O5 nanocomposites were synthesized by a one-pot co-precipitation method. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that Li4Ti5O12/V2O5 composites with different nano size were successfully synthesized. The Li4Ti5O12/V2O5 sample (2 wt.% V2O5 addition of Li4Ti5O12) keep at a high discharge capacity of 169.9 mAh g− 1 after 150 cycles at 1 C. The existence of the V2O5 reduces the size of Li4Ti5O12, which improve the electrochemical activity of the sample.