bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging abnormalities of the acromioclavicular joint and subacromial space are common in asymptomatic shoulders: a systematic review
Authors: Ibounig Thomas , Rämö Lasse , Haas Romi , Jones Mark , Järvinen Teppo L. N. , Taimela Simo , Docking Sean , Sanders Sharon , Buchbinder Rachelle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Objectives
To determine the prevalence of acromioclavicular (AC) joint and subacromial space imaging abnormalities in asymptomatic adults, with a secondary objective of comparing findings between asymptomatic and symptomatic shoulders within the same study populations.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review of studies examining shoulder imaging abnormalities detected by X-ray, ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in asymptomatic adults (PROSPERO registration CRD42018090041). This report focuses on AC joint and subacromial space abnormalities. Databases searched included Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science from inception to June 2023. Our primary analysis used data from population-based studies, and risk of bias and certainty of evidence were evaluated with tools for prognostic studies.

Results
Thirty-one studies (4 X-ray, 11 US, 15 MRI, 1 both X-ray and MRI) provided useable prevalence data. One study was population-based (20 shoulders), 16 included miscellaneous study populations (2436 shoulders) and 14 focused on athletes (708 shoulders). The certainty of evidence was very low mainly due to high risk of bias, imprecision, and indirectness across studies. Clinical diversity precluded pooling. Population-based prevalence of acromioclavicular osteoarthritis (AC OA) ranged from 85% on MRI to 95% on X-ray. In other study populations, AC OA prevalence in asymptomatic shoulders varied from 6 to 47% on X-ray, 1 to 65% on US, and 0 to 82% on MRI. Among eight studies that included both asymptomatic and symptomatic shoulders, AC OA prevalence ranged from 13 to 95% in asymptomatic shoulders and from 20 to 100% in symptomatic shoulders.

Conclusion
The prevalence of AC joint and subacromial space abnormalities in asymptomatic shoulders is highly variable, and often comparable to that in symptomatic shoulders. Due to the low certainty of evidence and significant variation among study populations, further research is needed to clarify these prevalence estimates and to guide evidence-based management of shoulder abnormalities.
Perturbation-theory machine learning for mood disorders: virtual design of dual inhibitors of NET and SERT proteins
Authors: Kleandrova Valeria V. , Cordeiro M. Natália D. S. , Speck-Planche Alejandro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMood disorders affect the daily lives of millions of people worldwide. The search for more efficient therapies for mood disorders remains an active field of research. In silico approaches can accelerate the search for inhibitors against protein targets related to mood disorders. Here, we developed the first model perturbation-theory machine learning model based on a multiplayer perceptron network (PTML-MLP) for the simultaneous prediction and design of virtual dual-target inhibitors against two proteins associated with mood disorders, namely norepinephrine and serotonin transporters (NET and SERT, respectively). The PTML-MLP model had an accuracy of around 80%. From a chemical point of view, the PTML-MLP model could accurately identify both single- and dual-target inhibitors present in the dataset used to build it. Through the application of the fragment-based topological design (FBTD) approach, the molecular descriptors (multi-label graph-based indices) present in the PTML-MLP model were physicochemically and structurally interpreted. Such interpretations enabled (a) the extraction of different molecular fragments with a positive influence on the enhancement of the dual-target activity and (b) the design of four new drug-like molecules by assembling (fusing and/or connecting) several suitable molecular fragments. The designed molecules were predicted by the PTML-MLP model to exhibit dual-target activity against the NET and SERT proteins. These predictions, together with the estimated druglikeness suggest that the designed molecules could be new promising chemotypes to be considered for future synthesis and biological experimentation in the context of treatments for mood disorders.
Comparative evaluation of non-contrast MRI versus gadoxetic acid-enhanced abbreviated protocols in detecting colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Dai Haoran , Yan Cheng , Jia Xi , Xiao Yuyao , Liang Xinyue , Yang Chun , Liu Kai , Zeng Mengsu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
This study compares the diagnostic efficacy of non-contrast abbreviated MRI protocols with Gadoxetic acid-enhanced abbreviated MRI for detecting colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM), focusing on lesion characterization and surveillance.

Methods
Ninety-four patients, including 55 with pathologically verified CRLM, were enrolled, totaling 422 lesions (287 metastatic, 135 benign). Two independent readers assessed three MRI protocols per patient: Protocol 1 included non-contrast sequences (T2-weighted turbo spin-echo, T1-weighted Dixon, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and ADC mapping). Protocol 2 included gadoxetic acid enhancement with hepatobiliary phase imaging, T2 TSE, DWI, and ADC maps. Protocol 3 utilized the standard Gadoxetic Acid-enhanced MRI sequence, which included pre-contrast T1-weighted imaging, T1-weighted Dixon sequences, post-contrast T1-weighted imaging (including arterial, portal venous, transitional and hepatobiliary phases), and additional T2-weighted and DWI sequences. Diagnoses were scored on a 5-point scale (benign = 1; malignant = 5), with scores ≥ 3 indicating CRLM. ROC curves analyzed diagnostic accuracy, comparing area under the curve (AUC) values across protocols.

Results
No significant difference in AUCs was observed between Protocol 1 (0.899–0.909) and Protocol 2 (0.906–0.931) versus Protocol 3 (0.935–0.939) (p = 0.091–0.195). For lesions ≤ 10 mm, Protocol 1 was slightly inferior to Protocol 3 (p = 0.002–0.032), while Protocol 2 remained comparably effective (p = 0.096–0.179). These findings held when using a threshold of ≥ 4 to define CRLM.

Conclusion
The non-enhanced abbreviated MRI protocol is as effective as the gadoxetic acid-enhanced protocol in identifying CRLM. The proposed Ab-MRI approach may be a viable alternative for CRLM surveillance.

Critical relevance statement
The non-enhanced abbreviated MRI (Ab-MRI) protocol is as effective as the gadoxetic acid-enhanced protocol in identifying colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). The proposed Ab-MRI approach may be a viable alternative for CRLM surveillance.

Key Points

Two abbreviated protocols are proposed for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) surveillance.

The non-enhanced protocol showed equivalent efficacy and was more cost-effective.

The non-enhanced protocol may be a viable alternative for CRLM surveillance.

Graphical Abstract
The therapeutic role of naringenin nanoparticles on hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Elwan Aya G. , Mohamed Tarek M. , Beltagy Doha M. , El Gamal Doaa M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Naringenin, a flavonoid compound found in citrus fruits, possesses valuable anticancer properties. However, its potential application in cancer treatment is limited by poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetics at tumor sites. To address this, Naringenin nanoparticles (NARNPs) were prepared using the emulsion diffusion technique and their anticancer effects were investigated in HepG2 cells.

Methods
The particle size of NARNPs was determined by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis. NARNP is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Study the cytotoxic effects of various doses of naringenin, NARNPs and DOX on HepG2 and WI38 cell lines after 24 h and 48 h using the MTT assay. Flow cytometric analysis was used to study the apoptotic cells. The study also examined the expression of apoptotic proteins (p53) and autophagy-related genes ATG5, LC3 after treatment with naringenin, NARNPs, doxorubicin, and their combinations in HepG2 cells.

Results
The particle size of NARNPs was determined by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis, showing mean diameters of 54.96 ± 18.6 nm and 31.79 ± 6.8 nm, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed successful conjugation between naringenin and NARNPs. NARNPs were in an amorphous state that was determined by X-ray diffraction. The IC50 values were determined as 22.32 µg/ml for naringenin, 1.6 µg/ml for NARNPs and 0.46 µg/ml for doxorubicin. Flow cytometric analysis showed that NARNPs induced late apoptosis in 56.1% of HepG2 cells and had no cytotoxic effect on WI38 cells with 97% viable cells after 48 h of incubation. NARNPs induced cell cycle arrest in the Go/G1 and G2/M phases in HepG2 cells. The results showed increased expression of ATG5, LC3, and p53 in HepG2 cells treated with IC50 concentrations after 48 h of incubation. NARNPs enhanced the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin in HepG2 cells but decreased the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin in WI38 cells.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated that NARNPs effectively inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Importantly, NARNPs showed no cytotoxic effects on normal cells, indicating their potential as a promising therapy for hepatocarcinogenesis. Combining NARNPs with chemotherapy drugs could present a novel approach for treating human cancers.
Lentivirus-based production of human chimeric antigen receptor macrophages from peripheral blood
Authors: Choi Ji U , Kim Yeongrin , Lee Da Yeon , Park Jin Song , Jeun Moonjung , Lee Heung Kyoung , Park Chi Hoon 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlthough chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown remarkable efficacy against leukemic cells, it still has critical limitations. CAR macrophage has been regarded as a potential alternative to CAR T cells. However, due to the difficulties in gene transduction into macrophages, the production of primary human CAR macrophages from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using lentivirus is highly challenging. Here, we report on how to generate CAR macrophages from human PBMC with lentiviral particles. Using our lentiviral protocol, we produced functional CAR macrophages to lyse and phagocytose target cancer cells efficiently.
Explaining higher VET dropout rates among adolescents with a migration background in Germany: the role of career compromises
Authors: Busse Robin , Glauser David , Scharenberg Katja 
Published: January 2025

AbstractResearch has consistently revealed that adolescents with a migration background are more likely to drop out from vocational education and training (VET) at the upper-secondary level than their native peers. While recent research has provided rich empirical evidence of mechanisms leading to dropouts from VET, little is known about such mechanisms for adolescents with a migration background. In our contribution, we assume that the difficulties that adolescents with a migration background face when entering the VET system are associated with a restricted range of occupational opportunities and, thereby, higher levels of career compromises in terms of the desired and attained VET occupation. Following previous findings on key dimensions of career compromise, we examine the relevance of compromises in the field of work and social status in explaining the higher propensity of adolescents with a migration background to drop out from their first VET position. Using logistic regressions and KHB decomposition analyses, our results underline that gaps in VET dropout rates between adolescents with and without a migration background can partially be ascribed to migration-specific compromises in the field of work between the aspired and attained VET occupation, while compromises in social status seem to be unimportant.
Same-session dual chromophore riboflavin/UV-A and rose bengal/green light PACK-CXL in Acanthamoeba keratitis: a case report
Authors: Hafezi Farhad , Messerli Jürg , Torres-Netto Emilio A. , Lu Nan-Ji , Aydemir M. Enes , Hafezi Nikki L. , Hillen Mark 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is the most challenging corneal infection to treat, with conventional therapies often proving ineffective. While photoactivated chromophore for keratitis-corneal cross-linking (PACK-CXL) with riboflavin/UV-A has shown success in treating bacterial and fungal keratitis, and PACK-CXL with rose bengal/green light has demonstrated promise in fungal keratitis, neither approach has been shown to effectively eradicate AK. This case study explores a novel combined same-session treatment approach using both riboflavin/UV-A and rose bengal/green light in a single procedure.

Case presentation
A 44-year-old patient with active AK in the left cornea, unresponsive to 10 months of conventional treatment according to American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) guidelines, was treated using same-session sequential PACK-CXL with riboflavin/UV-A (365 nm) irradiation (10 J/cm2) and rose bengal/green light (522 nm) irradiation (5.4 J/cm2) in a single setting. The procedure was repeated twice due to persistent signs of inflammation and infection. After three combined same-session PACK-CXL treatments, the patient’s cornea converted to a quiescent scar, and symptoms of ocular pain, photophobia, epiphora, and blepharospasm resolved. Confocal microscopy revealed no detectable Acanthamoeba cysts. The patient currently awaits penetrating keratoplasty.

Conclusions
The same-session combination of riboflavin/UV-A and rose bengal/green light PACK-CXL effectively treated a patient with confirmed AK that was resistant to conventional medical therapy, suggesting that using two chromophores in a single procedure may represent a future treatment alternative for AK.
Accuracy of robot-assisted implant surgery versus freehand placement: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Younis Hamza , Xu Boya , Acharya Kiran , He Longlong , Du Liangzhi , Elayah Sadam Ahmed , Chang Xiaofeng , Lv Chengpeng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
This study evaluated the accuracy of implant placement using a robotic system (Remebot) compared to freehand surgery and explored factors influencing accuracy.

Methods
This retrospective study included 95 implants placed in 65 patients, divided into robot-assisted (50 implants) and freehand (45 implants) groups. Platform, apical, and angular deviations were measured by superimposing preoperative plans and the postoperative CBCT images. Mean deviations between groups were compared, and regression analysis assessed the impact of implant dimensions and positioning on accuracy.

Results
The robot-assisted group exhibited significantly lower mean deviations in platform (0.44 ± 0.17 mm), apical (0.46 ± 0.17 mm), and angular deviations (0.85 ± 0.47°) compared to the freehand group (1.38 ± 0.77 mm, 1.77 ± 0.82 mm, and 6.63 ± 3.90°, respectively; p < 0.001). Regression analysis indicated no significant impact of implant location, jaw type, or implant dimensions on the robotic system’s accuracy, unlike the freehand placement where these factors influenced deviations.

Conclusions
Robot-assisted implant surgery significantly enhances accuracy and clinical safety compared to freehand techniques. Despite limitations, robotic surgery presents a promising advancement in implant dentistry by reducing human error.
Profile of maladaptive and normative eating behaviors in correlation with rumination: a cross-sectional study among Lebanese adults
Authors: Awad Emmanuelle , Malaeb Diana , Fawaz Mirna , Youssef Lara , Brytek-Matera Anna , Hallit Souheil , Obeid Sahar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Dieting is a common practice around the world. People who wish to lose weight, improve their eating habits, or reach a desired level of health often diet. Rumination, a pattern of repetitive negative thoughts and emotions, is typically found when individuals diet. The current study aimed to identify physical and psychological differences between maladaptive and normative eating behaviors in a sample from Lebanon.

Methods
A cross-sectional design was adopted for the current study. It occurred between June and July 2022. Four hundred participants aged 18 and above participated. The research team used a snowball sampling method to recruit volunteers from all governorates of Lebanon.

Results
Beta values were used to compare independent variables in order to infer those that have the strongest effect on the dependent ones. Higher Body Mass Index, and belonging to cluster 3 (restriction of food intake and rumination) and cluster 1 (maladaptive eating behavior and rumination) compared to cluster 2 (normative eating behavior and thought) were significantly related to more dieting. Higher physical activity index and belonging to cluster 3 (restriction of food intake and rumination) and cluster 1 (maladaptive eating behavior and rumination) compared to cluster 2 (normative eating behavior and thought) were significantly related to higher levels of orthorexia nervosa tendencies.

Conclusions
The current research demonstrated a relationship between Body Mass Index, physical activity, rumination, and maladaptive eating patterns including restriction of food intake, dieting, and orthorexia nervosa. These results can help with identifying physical and psychological factors associated with maladaptive eating patterns, as well as guide interventions within the Lebanese population.
Analysis of the potential of dumpsite leachates towards circular economy: a case of Pugu dumpsite in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Kifwe Yasin Yohana , Shao Godlisten Namwel , Pius Christina Fabian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
There is a challenge with employing dumpsites as waste disposal methods due to the formation of leachates. These leachates may include dangerous chemicals that may harm human health and the ecosystem. Despite the drawbacks of leachates, it contains precious minerals that can be retrieved and used to restore soil fertility for agricultural activities to contribute to the circular economy.

Results
The chemical composition of leachates from the Pugu dumpsite was assessed to explore their potential in agricultural application. Leachates were alkaline with a pH of 8.88 ± 0.98. The concentrations of NH4-N and PO4-P were 960.80 ± 610.44 and 431.60 ± 209.65 mg/L, respectively. The concentrations of minerals determined were Mg (33.73 ± 9.73), Na (485.70 ± 51.47), Ca (254.66 ± 6.04), and K (113.67 ± 8.53). The concentrations of heavy metals determined were Cd (0.03 ± 0.01), Cu (0.33 ± 0.09), Zn (0.32 ± 0.04), Cr (0.03 ± 0.01), Fe (2.63 ± 0.64), Ni (0.13 ± 0.03), and Pb (0.94 ± 0.06) mg/L. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Fe, and Ni in the leachates under study, with the exception of Pb, were within the Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS)-established allowable limits for wastewater from cities and industries.

Conclusions
The study evaluated the chemical composition of leachate from the Pugu dumpsite to explore its potential in agricultural applications. The results showed that the leachates were alkaline with a pH of 8.88 ± 0.88, with concentrations of NH4-N and PO4-P exceeding the allowable limit for municipal and industrial wastewater effluents. Concentrations of minerals such as Mg, Na, Ca, and K were within limits set by the Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) for city and industrial wastewater. However, the concentrations of PO4-P and NH4-N exceeded the permissible limit of TBS, which could have adverse effects on the ecosystem. The study proposes a subtle method to recover plant nutrients from leachate, thus contributing to the circular economy.
Transition clinics in pediatric rheumatology in Colombia: reflection on a necessary shortcomings
Authors: Ramirez Lauren Natalia , Hoyos María Elisa , Mosquera-Pongutá Angela Catalina , Quintana-López Gerardo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction
Transition clinics are conceived as programs dedicated to the active, multidimensional development of a process that addresses the medical, psychosocial, educational, and vocational needs of pediatric patients suffering from a chronic disease that will persist into adulthood. Their understanding is justified in physiological, psychological, and sociocultural terms on the basis of the differential morbidity and mortality associated with a chronic disease that begins in childhood and prevails into adulthood.

Materials and methods
Here, we reflect on the history, structure, and impact of transition clinics in pediatrics, with an emphasis on pediatric rheumatologic diseases. Additionally, we propose comprehensive reflection as an alternative for the patient, their family, and the medical team, outlining guidelines for development, implementation, and evaluation.

Results
The transition of care should commence in early adolescence, considering each patient’s cognitive ability as a condition for the initiation of an educational process involving introspection into the disease. Interdisciplinarity is defined as a team that addresses the clinical, physical, emotional, and social dimensions of each patient and their interaction with the environment within the framework of individualized care and family support. Despite this, the lack of evidence supporting standardized guidelines for the implementation and overall effectiveness evaluation of these interventions was highlighted.

Conclusions
The transition process is considered successful when the patient is adherent and has a positive and informed perception of their health‒disease journey. We urge the generation of evidence documenting the comprehensiveness of processes inherent to transition clinics as the foundation of necessity.
Development of cinnamon essential oil-loaded Pickering emulsions stabilized by chitosan/gelatin nanoparticles with enhanced antibacterial and antibiofilm actives
Authors: Xu Zhilang , Wang Xinxin , Liang Huaqian , Li Xinying , Li Derong , Mu Changdao , Ge Liming , Li Defu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBacterial biofilm infection is a complicated and important global problem. Non-toxic biomass-based Pickering emulsions as an essential oil delivery system are a potentially effective means in biofilm treatment. Herein, the chitosan/gelatin complex nanoparticles (CGNPs) stabilized Pickering (CGP) emulsion loaded with cinnamon essential oil (CEO) was developed to inhibit and remove bacterial biofilms. CGNPs were initially successfully prepared with a particle size of 253.7 nm. Subsequently, CGP emulsions were prepared using CGNPs as the emulsifier and CEO as the oil phase, with the aqueous phase pH value of 5.5 and ionic strength of 50 mM. Amino groups of CGNPs were crosslinked with the aldehyde group of CEO via Schiff base reaction at the oil–water interface to form a denser core–shell structure, thus improving the stability of Pickering emulsion. The CGP emulsions exhibit controlled and long-term sustained release properties in essential oil delivery, with 89.8%, 81.0%, and 62.2% CEO release within 168 h for CGP-0.1, CGP-0.2, and CGP-0.3, respectively. Moreover, CGP emulsions have stronger antioxidant activities (nearly 100%), broad-spectrum antibacterial activities (> 90%), enhanced penetration and removal capabilities against preformed biofilms than single CEO or CGNPs, as well as its better biocompatibility than conventional surfactant-stabilized emulsions. Hence, CEO-delivered CGP emulsion could serve as a potential strategy against biofilm infections and bacterial resistance.
Graphical abstract