bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Silicone Oil Emulsification After Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: An Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Study
Authors: Zhao Hongmei , Yu Jian , Zong Yuan , Jiang Chunhui , Zhu Haohao , Xu Gezhi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
To investigate the characteristics of silicone oil (SO) emulsification after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and possible correlations with clinical factors.
Methods
Patients who underwent primary pars plana vitrectomy with SO injection for RRD followed by SO removal at the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University between January 2016 and January 2020 were included. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) images of the anterior segment were taken before SO removal. Eight signs of SO emulsification in the UBM images were graded as 1 (present) or 0 (not present) and the grades for all signs in each eye were summed. Correlations between SO emulsification grade and clinical factors were determined.
Results
A total of 118 patients (118 eyes) were enrolled in this study. Emulsified SO particles were found in all 118 eyes (100%). The eight signs were more frequently detected in the superior part of the eye. The mean total SO emulsification grade was 19.99 ± 12.98 (range: 1–36). Younger age and male (both P < 0.05) were associated with higher total SO emulsification grade. Patients with intraocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mmHg or the use of antiglaucoma medications at the time of SO removal had a higher total SO emulsification grade, were younger, and were more frequently male (all P < 0.05) than patients without ocular hypertension.
Conclusions
UBM could play an important role in the diagnosis and grading of SO emulsification. Younger patients and males are more prone to SO emulsification, which may lead to elevated IOP.
Integration of Genetic and Immune Infiltration Insights Into Data Mining of Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyun , Song Ying , Chen Xiao , Zhuang Xiaojia , Xie Qizhi , Wei Zhiqiang , Yi Li 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Pathogenesis is closely related to environment, genetic and immune system, but the underlying interactions are still not clearly elucidated. Our study aims to uncover the genetic basis and immune landscape of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis with bioinformatics.Methods: In our study, gene matrix were retrieceed from gene expression database NCBI GEO. We then used bioinformatics to standardize the samples and obtain differential gene expressions (DEGs). We constructed a protein-protein interaction network with DEGs on the STRING website, and used Cytohubba plug-in and MCODE plug-in to to mine hub genes. Then we had a functional enrichment hub genes and DEGs. Meanwhile, we use CIBERSORTX algorithm to explore the characteristics of immune cells infiltration in brain tissues of multiple sclerosis, and did a Spearman correlation analysis between genes and immune cells. We also analyzed the correlation between genes and types of brain tissues with WGCNA method.Results: We included a total of 90 samples from 2 datasets in the study, extracted 882 differential genes and 10 hub genes closely related to multiple sclerosis. Functional enrichment analysis suggested roles of immune response in multiple sclerosis. Besides, with CIBERSORTX algorithm we found brain tissues of MS contain a variety of infiltrating immune cells. Correlation analysis suggested that hub genes are highly relevant to chronic active white matter lesions and certain hub genes in our study may play a role in the activation of immune cells such as macrophages and natural killer cells.Conclusions: Our study provides guidance for the study of genetic basis and immune infiltration mechanism of multiple sclerosis.
Expression Changes of Some miRNAs Patterns (miR-124a, miR-137, miR-373) in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer Before and After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Dinara Ryspayeva , Volodymyr Halytskiy , Mariia Inomistova , Tetyana Drevytska , Vitalyi Gyrianov 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Dysregulated miRNA expression has been found in nearly all the stages of cancer process compared to normal tissue. Certain miRNAs expression level is closely related to the histopathological parameters and molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC) as well as the response to treatment and prognosis.Methods: This prospective research has evaluated the level of expression of 5 miRNAs (miR-124a, miR-137, miR-34a, miR-155, miR-373) in the primary tumor before and after chemotherapy in patients with operable BC. The patients received 2-4 cycles neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and then underwent surgery – mastectomy or breast conservation with axillary lymph node dissection. Assessment of all mRNAs was analyzed in selected pathology specimens obtained during the biopsy and the targeted area taken by the surgery. Results: A total of 34 patients were treated between February 2016 and December 2017 with median age of 53 years (23 – 75). 70.6% were HR-positive and 29.4% were HR-negative. AntioncomiR-124a expression was mostly downregulated in primary BC tissue (p=0.001). The restored expression of miR-124 (p=0.004) was observed after chemotherapy having reached the indistinguishable level from non-tumor tissue. The dynamics of miR-373 expression considered to be oncomiR was a 7.7-fold decrease level in the primary tumor with continued suppress of expression compared to non-tumor tissue (p=0.006). The expression levels of miR-34a, miR-137, miR-155 in the pathology specimens did not show the differences compared to the surrounding non-tumor tissue (p>0.05). The difference in the dynamics of the two suppressor miRNAs (miR-124a and miR-137) expression in HR-positive BC was identified. While the expression of miR-124a in the tumor tissue increases after NACT (p=0.021), the expression of miR-137 continues to decrease (p=0.041) and does not differ from the levels of non-tumor tissue (p=0.146). There was no relation between the expression of the 5 studied miRNAs with histopathological differentiation of the primary tumor and the pathomorphological response after NACT. A Cox proportional hazards model did not confirm the relationship between miRNAs expression level neither in primary tumor nor in clinicopathological BC characteristics.Conclusions: The differential regulatory effects of miRNA cannot be explained by the differences in expression alone as paradoxical behavior of miR-373 shows. Taking into account the heterogeneity of the breast tumor, the detected inconsistency of changes in the expression of two suppressor miRNAs (miR-124a and miR-137) can be explained by their different regulatory functions. An accurate picture of the functioning of microRNA requires further research due to its dynamic nature.
Green Tea Intake and Its Effect on Laboratory Parameters and Disease Symptoms in Hospitalised Patients With Covid 19: A Structured Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mahmoodi Sara , Yousefi Mojtaba , Sadeghi Omid , Mahmoodabadi Ali , Sadriirani Mohammadreza , Hosseinzade Zahra , Jahanbakhsh Abdolhossein , Panahande SeyedBahman , Saeedinezhad Zaker , Malekzadeh Janmohamad , Naghmachi Mohsen , Pourmahmoudi Azizollah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesThe current randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to assess the effect of green tea intake on disease symptoms and laboratory parameters including C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and complete blood count (CBC) in patients with mild-to-moderate Covid-19 infection.Trial designRandomized, double-blinded, parallel (1:1 ratio) clinical trial exploratory study
The International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities, and Health Categories Necessary for Care Planning for Older Patients with Heart Failure: A Survey of Care Managers in Japan
Authors: Shiota Shigehito , Kitagawa Toshiro , Hidaka Takayuki , Goto Naoya , Mio Naoki , Kanai Kana , Naka Makiko , Togino Hiroko , Mochizuki Mariko , Ochikubo Hiroyuki , Nakano Yukiko , Kihara Yasuki , Kimura Hiroaki 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Establishing an information-sharing system between medical professionals and welfare/care professionals may help prevent heart failure (HF) in community-dwelling older adults. Therefore, we aimed to identify the ICF categories necessary for care managers to develop care plans for older patients with HF. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 695 care managers in Hiroshima, Japan, on ICF items necessary for care planning. We compared the care managers according to their specialties (medical and welfare). Furthermore, we created a co-occurrence network using text mining, regarding the elements necessary for collaboration between medical and care professionals. Results: There were 520 valid responses (74.8%). Forty-nine ICF items, including 18 for body functions, one for body structure, 21 for activities and participation, and nine for environmental factors, were classified as "necessary" for making care plans for older people with HF. Medical professionals more frequently answered "necessary" than care professionals regarding the 11 items for body functions and structure and three items for activities and participation (p<0.05). Medical–welfare/care collaboration requires (1) information sharing with related organisations; (2) emergency response; (3) a system of cooperation between medical care and non-medical care; (4) consultation and support for individuals and families with life concerns, (5) management of nutrition, exercise, blood pressure and other factors, (6) guidelines for consultation and hospitalisation when physical conditions worsen.Conclusions: Our findings showed that 49 ICF categories were required by care managers for care planning, and there was a significant difference in perception between medical and welfare/care professionals.
Personal and Professional Influences on Health Visitors’ Family Focused Practice: A Cross Sectional Study.
Authors: Leonard Rachel , Linden Mark , Grant Anne 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

While it is recognised that health visitors play a key role in supporting families when mothers have mental illness, there is limited understanding of health visitor’s family focused practice (FFP) in this context and its relationships with factors, such as, workload, training, skill and knowledge, and personal and professional experience. This paper examined the effect of health visitors’ interaction with the family, and personal and professional experience on their family focused practice.
Methods

A cross sectional questionnaire (Family Focused Mental Health Practice Questionnaire) was distributed to 488 health visitors, with 230 choosing to take part. Independent t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare family focused practice scores.
Results

Results found that health visitors who had face to face contact with partners and children (t(221) = 2.61, p = .01), and those that directly supported the partner (t(221) = 2.61, p = 0.01) had a significantly higher mean score, than those that did not. However, frequency of visits (daily, weekly, monthly or yearly) had no effect on family focused practice scores. Training also had a significant effect on family focused practice scores (F(2,221) = 4.841, p = 0.029). Analysis of variance revealed that personal experience of mental illness had a significant effect on scores (M = 97.58, p = 0.009), however variables such as, age, parental status, time since registration, and being in a specialist position had no effect.
Conclusions

In order for family focused practice to be effective, the quality, and content of visits and contact with family should be addressed, as opposed to a focus on the quantity of visits. However, in order for this to occur health visitors need to have appropriate support in their own right, with manageable caseloads and resources.
Burden, Risk Factors and Outcomes Associated with Gestational Diabetes in A Population-Based Cohort of Pregnant Women from North India
Authors: Bahl Stuti , Dhabhai Neeta , Taneja Sunita , Mittal Pratima , Dewan Rupali , Kaur Jasmine , Chaudhary Ritu , Bhandari Nita , Chowdhury Ranadip 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The burden of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) appears to be increasing in India and may be related to the double burden of malnutrition. The population-based incidence and risk factors of GDM, particularly in lower socio-economic populations, are not known. We conducted analyses on data from a population-based cohort of pregnant women in South Delhi, India, to determine the incidence of GDM, its risk factors and association with adverse pregnancy outcomes (stillbirth, preterm birth, large for gestational age babies) and need for caesarean section. Methods: We analyzed data from the intervention group of the Women and Infants Integrated Interventions for Growth Study (WINGS), an individually randomized factorial design trial. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at the time of confirmation of pregnancy, and for those who had a normal test (≤140 mg), it was repeated at 24-28 and at 34-36 weeks. Logistic regression was performed to ascertain risk factors associated with GDM. Risk ratios (RR) were calculated to find association between GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes and need for caesarean section. Results: 19.2% (95% CI: 17.6 to 20.9) pregnant women who had at least one OGTT were diagnosed to have GDM. Women who had prediabetes at the time of confirmation of pregnancy had a significantly higher risk of developing GDM (RR 2.08, 95%CI 1.45 to 2.97). Other risk factors independently associated with GDM were woman’s age (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.10, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.15) and BMI (AOR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.07). Higher maternal height was found to be protective factor for GDM (AOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.00). Women with GDM, received appropriate treatment did not have an increase in adverse outcomes. However, GDM increased the need for caesarean section (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.36).Conclusions: A substantial proportion of pregnant women from a low to mid socio-economic population in Delhi had GDM, with older age, higher BMI and pre-diabetes as important risk factors. These findings highlight the need for interventions for prevention and provision of appropriate management of GDM in antenatal programmes.Clinical Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry – India, #CTRI/2017/06/008908 (http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=19339&EncHid=&userName=society%20for%20applied%20studies)
An HIV-induced mechanism for T cell quiescence and
proviral latency
Authors: Valadkhan Saba , Plasek Leah , Gunawardane Lalith , Niazi Farshad , Mason Sara , Leskov Konstantin , Perez Gani , Dobrowolski Curtis , Shukla Meenakshi , Nutt William , Karn Jonathan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

HIV persists in infected individuals despite effective antiretroviral therapy due to the rapid establishment of a latent HIV reservoir, mainly composed of quiescent memory CD4+ T cells1–3. The mechanisms governing the formation of the latent reservoir remain poorly understood. It is commonly assumed that entry of HIV into latency is a rare and random event associated with sporadic infection of effector T-cells transitioning to a memory phenotype4–8. Using human primary CD4+ T cell models, we show instead, that HIV infection itself triggers a strong transcriptomic remodeling that results in activation of a quiescence program, including downregulation of cellular proliferation and metabolic pathways. This transcriptional program is initiated by KLF2, a key regulator of quiescence, along with activation of the p53 pathway and downregulation of MYC. Loss and gain of function studies confirmed that KLF2 and p53 signaling are responsible for the downregulation of MYC and proliferation pathways, and consequently, proviral transcriptional silencing. Thus, HIV infection per se, enhances the formation of the latent reservoir in T-cells, ensuring viral persistence in infected individuals. These findings identify a new and unexpected mechanism for the formation of the latent HIV reservoir, and broaden the repertoire of strategies through which viruses can control the host cell to their advantage.
Study on the Differences in the Responses of Different Winter Wheat Cultivars to Dry Hot Wind
Authors: Kang Xiyan , Le Zhangyan , Li Chunqiang , Dai Liqin , Quan Chang , Shi Minghua , liao Rongwei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dry hot wind is one of the main prevailing agro-meteorological disasters during the grain filling stage of winter wheat in Northern China. In this study, three major winter wheat cultivars, including Henong 6119 (HN6119), Gaoyou 5218 (GY5218), and Jimai 325 (JM325) in Hebei Province were selected to analyze their responses to dry hot wind. Under the combined conditions of field natural dry hot wind and artificially simulated dry hot wind experiments, we characterized the three cultivars’ physiological parameters as affected on the day with dry hot wind, and on the day before and after hot wind conditions. Comparative analysis of different correlations among the three cultivars’ physiological parameters toward dry hot wind showed that, during field nature dry hot wind conditions, HN6119 showed less water loss of leaves by reducing the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, while GY5218 and JM325 showed more water loss of leaves by increasing the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance of HN6119 were recovered during the recovery time after dry hot wind conditions, while these parameters of GY5218 and JM325 showed a continuous decreasing trend. During dry hot wind day, HN6119 showed significant positive correlation between physiological parameters, while GY5218 and JM325 showed poor correlation. The stress of severe dry hot wind on thousand kernel weight (TKW) of HN6119, GY5218 and JM325 is 0.01%, 3.51%, 3.57%, respectively. The stress of mild dry hot wind on thousand kernel weight (TKW) of HN6119, GY5218 and JM325 is 0.36%, 8.12%, 8.84%, respectively. In summary, HN6119 showed strong resistance to dry hot wind, followed by GY5218, and JM325; JM325 had the weakest resistance to dry hot wind.
Spatial Layout Planning of Intensive Pig Farms in the Suburb: A Case Study of Nanyu, China
Authors: YAN Bojie , LI Yaxing , QIN Yanfang , YAN Jingjie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A large number of livestock and poultry breeding were distributed in the suburbs, brought a strong environmental pressure to the cities. The issue of whether livestock and poultry breeding could be carried out in the suburbs was a key controversy in the present. To address this question, this study constructed a index system of suitability evaluation of spatial layout of intensive pig farms, calculated the average surface temperature from June to September, and obtained potential intensive pig farms in Nanyu Town. Combing above results and area index results of cultivated land spatial matched with intensive pig farm, spatial relation between cultivated land and potential intensive pig farm was built, the optimum potential intensive pig farm in Nanyu Town was determined, and its carrying capacity was calculated. Results showed that livestock and poultry breeding could be carried out in the suburbs. A total of 3,403 and 3, 253 cultivated lands occupying 52.01% and 49.67% of the total cultivated lands had a spatial relation between potential intensive pig farms taking N and P as indices, respectively. Moreover, 14 and 15 potential intensive pig farms taking N and P as indices, respectively, in Nanyu Town were determined as optimum potential intensive pig farms. Results also indicated that most of the optimum potential intensive pig farms were suitable for constructing small- and medium-sized pig farms. Results would provide scientific basis for the planning of spatial arrangement of livestock and poultry breeding and the suburb environmental pollution control.
Theoretical Prediction of Lanthanum Composition Effects on Structural, Electronic and Thermal Properties of LaxSc1-XN Alloys.
Authors: EL-HASSASNA Amira , Yassine CHAOUCHE , Ahd Louafi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper we have study the structural, electronic and thermal properties of LaxSc1−xN ternary alloys in rock-salt structure by the use of full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method based to the density functional theory (DFT). For calculate the exchange-correlation energy and potential we are used both the Wu-Cohen generalized gradient (WC-GGA) approximation and the modified Becke-Johnson(mBJ).We investigated the fact of composition on lattice parameters, bulk modulus and band gap. The variation of calculated lattice constant with lanthanum composition is almost linear and shows a small deviation of the obtained results from Vegard’s law. The semiconductor nature of binary compounds ScN and LaN was confirmed. Our finding indicates that the LaxSc1−xN alloys are semiconductor with x = 0.5 and 0.75, on the contrary for x = 0.25 has a metallic nature. Lastly, the effect of thermal macroscopic properties is also investigated employing the quasi-harmonic Debye model in which the lattice vibrations are taken into account. We have found a good accord between our results and the experimental data and previous theoretical results available in the literature for the binary compounds which can be a support for the ternary alloys in the future.
How containment policy and medical service impact COVID-19 transmission: a cross-national comparison among China, the USA, and Sweden
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Fu Daocheng , Wang Jinghua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
As COVID-19 shows a heterogeneous spreading process globally, investigating factors associated with COVID-19 spreading among different countries will provide information for containment strategy and medical service decisions. A significant challenge for analyzing how these factors impact COVID-19 transmission is assessing key epidemiological parameters and how they change under different containment strategies across different nations. Focusing on finding factors that cause heterogeneous spreading results among different nations, we utilize a COVID-19 spread simulation model to estimate the core COVID-19 epidemiological parameters. We also analyze the correlation between these core COVID-19 epidemiological parameters and the times of publicly announced interventions among three specific countries, China (strictly containment), the USA (moderately control), and Sweden (only suggestion without containment). We find out that all three countries finally have similar and close to zero spreading rates in the third period of COVID-19 transmission. However, the three countries' recovery rate is different, leading to a distinct COVID-19 transmission process in the three countries. We further discover an epidemic fundamental diagram between COVID-19 “active infections” and “current patients." By combining the epidemic fundamental diagram with the COVID-19 spreading simulation model, we can quantify the country's COVID-19 medical capacity and make containment strategies. We propose hypothetical policies for Sweden and the USA and find out that these policies could decrease the confirmed infections by 90.5% and 42.6% and increase the recovery population by 78.6% and 87.5% for Sweden and the New York state of the USA. Our code is free open source, and our framework is easy to be applied to any country or region.