bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17847: Gasping is a Valid Predictor Of ROSC and Hospital Discharge for In-hospital Cardiac Arrest Occurring on the Ward
Authors: Marengo Luca , Ummenhofer Wolfgang , Pascal Gerster , Harm Falko , Lüthy Marc , Zürcher Mathias 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
Agonal respiration has been shown to be commonly associated with witnessed events, ventricular fibrillation, and increased survival during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. There is little information on incidence of gasping for in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Our “Rapid Response Team” (RRT) missions were monitored between December 2010 and March 2015, and the prevalence of gasping and survival data for IHCA were investigated.

Methods:
A standardized extended in-hospital Utstein data set of all RRT-interventions occurring at the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland, from December 13, 2010 until March 31, 2015 was consecutively collected and recorded in Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corp., USA). Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 (IBM Corp., USA), and are presented as descriptive statistics.

Results:
The RRT was activated for 636 patients, with 459 having a life-threatening status (72%; 33 missing). 270 patients (59%) suffered IHCA. Ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia occurred in 42 patients (16% of CA) and were associated with improved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (36 (97%) vs. 143 (67%; p<0.001)), hospital discharge (25 (68%) vs. 48 (23%; p<0.001)), and discharge with good neurological outcome (Cerebral Performance Categories of 1 or 2 (CPC) (21 (55%) vs. 41 (19%; p<0.001)).

Gasping was seen in 128 patients (57% of CA; 46 missing) and was associated with an overall improved ROSC (99 (78%) vs. 55 (59%; p=0.003)). In CAs occurring on the ward (154, 57% of all CAs), gasping was associated with a higher proportion of shockable rhythms (11 (16%) vs. 2 (3%; p=0.019)), improved ROSC (62 (90%) vs. 34 (55%; p<0.001)), and hospital discharge (21 (32%) vs. 7 (11%; p=0.006)).
Gasping was not associated with neurological outcome.

Conclusions:
Gasping was frequently observed accompanying IHCA. The faster in-hospital patient access is probably the reason for the higher prevalence compared to the prehospital setting. For CA on the ward without continuous monitoring, gasping correlates with increased shockable rhythms, ROSC, and hospital discharge.
Abstract 17913: The Long Non-coding Rna Malat1 Regulates Atherosclerosis in vivo
Authors: Michalik Katharina M , Cremer Sebastian , Fischer Ariane , Muhly-Reinholz Marion , Pfisterer Larissa , Poller Wolfgang , Boon Rainier , Zeiher Andreas M , Dimmeler Stefanie 
Published: July 2021

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been described to play a role in many biological processes, including epigenetic regulation of gene expression. We previously showed that the lncRNA MALAT1 regulates angiogenesis. Since MALAT1 is induced by atheroprotective laminar shear stress, we determined whether MALAT1 regulates atherosclerosis.
To address this question, we generated MALAT -/- ApoE -/- mice that were fed with a high fat diet for 12 weeks. Genetic deletion of MALAT1 in ApoE-/- mice increased plaque size as defined by oil red positive area in the aortic arch (+28.4+12%; n=5, p<0.05). However, pharmacological inhibition of MALAT1 by GapmeRs, which were directed against MALAT1 and injected every second week for 12 weeks, did not significantly affect plaque load or plaque size. To explain the discrepant results, we analyzed the expression of MALAT1, which was fully deleted in all analyzed cell types and tissues obtained from MALAT1-/- mice, whereas GapmeR-MALAT1 treatment efficiently silenced MALAT1 expression in all organs except circulating and splenic monocytes. These data suggest that inhibition of MALAT1 in inflammatory cells, which is not sufficiently accomplished by MALAT1 GapmeRs, may be necessary to modulate atherosclerotic disease progression. In line with this, infiltration of CD45+ cells was significantly augmented in MALAT1-/-ApoE-/- mice (+35.5+8.6%, n = 10, p<0.05) but not in GapmeR-treated ApoE-/- mice (-5.6+12.3%, n=10, ns).
Moreover, MALAT1 deletion significantly increased macrophages (+60.4+22.8%, n=10, p<0.05) and dendritic cells in the spleen (+37.4+17.5%, n=10) and augmented circulating monocytes (+70.2+70.2%, n=5, ns).
In conclusion, we show that genetic deletion but not pharmacological inhibition of MALAT1 enhances atherosclerotic lesion formation and augments splenic monocytes and hematopoietic cell recruitment to atherosclerotic plaques.
The causal involvement of MALAT1 expression in hematopoietic cells in atherogenesis is currently elucidated by bone marrow transplantation experiments.
Abstract 18060: Risk Stratification Following Mitral Valve Surgery for Chronic Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: A Very Long-term Study
Authors: Fino Carlo , Bellavia Diego , Miceli Antonio , Malouf Joseph , Iacovoni Attilio , Cugola Diego , Calabrese Alice , Simon Caterina , Delia Emilia , Caputo Massimo , Merlo Maurizio , Galletti Lorenzo , Senni Michele , Traina Marcello , Magne Julien 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Very few long-term data are available on patients undergoing mitral valve surgery for chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation (CIMR). Objective:to identify determinants of survival and adverse cardiovascular events, at very long-term outcome.

Methods and Results:
We reviewed complete left and right ventricular echocardiographic data, six-minute walking test (6-MWT) and BNP levels at pre, peri and follow-up, on 137 consecutive patients who underwent restrictive mitral annuloplasty (RMA) or mitral valve replacement (MVR) and CABG, for CIMR.

Combined adverse cardiovascular events were defined as composite of death, heart failure, angina, myocardial infarction and re-hospitalization. Mean age was 67±0.7. Preoperative EF was 35±06%. Among 137 patients, 46% underwent RMA and 54% had MVR. Median follow- up was 7 years (range: 0.3-15.4). Early mortality was 7% (p=NS). In the RMA 42% of patients experienced MR recurrence. Overall survival at 5, 10 and 15 years were 84, 76 and 62% in RMA, and 87, 62 and 54% in MVR (p=0.65). At univariate analysis, preop B-blocker, 6-MWT, mean transmitral gradients and RV size were predictors of adverse events.The Cox Hazard multivariate analysis identified preoperative atrial fibrillation (p=0.005), preop BNP (p=0.025) as independent predictors of long-term mortality.Freedom from cardiovascular events at 5, 10 and 15 years were 90, 75 and 48% in RMA, and 90, 62 and 45% in MVR (p=0.57). .
The Cox Hazard multivariate analysis identified preop B-blocker therapy (p=0.001), atrial fibrillation (p=0.01), postoperative mean transmitral gradients (p=0.047 ) and indexed effective orifice area (p=0.02) as independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular events.

Conclusions:
Our study confirms an high rate of true MR recurrence, at very long-term follow-up. Among collected variables, preoperative BNP and atrial fibrillation were independent predictors of survival, whereas B-blocker therapy, atrial fibrillation, postoperative mean transmitral gradients and indexed effective orifice area were independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular events. Type of surgery did not affect the very long-term outcome.
Abstract 18468: The Healthy Weights Initiative
Authors: Lemstra Mark 
Published: July 2021

Few community-based obesity reduction programs have been evaluated. After 153 community consultations, the city of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, Canada decided to initiate a free comprehensive program. The initiative included 71 letters of support from the Mayor, every family physician, cardiologist and internist in the city and every relevant community group including the Heart and Stroke Foundation, the Canadian Cancer Society and the Public Health Agency of Canada.
The objective was to promote strong adherence while positively influencing a wide range of physical and mental health variables measured through objective assessment or validated surveys. The only inclusion criteria was that the individuals must be obese adults (BMI >30).
Participants were requested to sign-up with a “buddy” who was also obese and identify three family members or friends to sign a social support contract.
During the initial 12 weeks, each individual received 60 group exercise sessions, 12 group cognitive behaviour therapy sessions and 12 group dietary sessions with licensed professionals. During the second 12 week period, maintenance therapy included 12 group exercise sessions.
To date, 243 people have been referred with 229 starting. Among those who started, 183 completed the program (79.9%) while 15 quit for medical reasons and 31 quit for personal reasons.
Mean objective reductions included 31.0 pounds of body fat, 3.9 percent body fat, 2.9 inches from the waist, 2.3 inches from the hip, blood cholesterol by 0.5 mmol/L, systolic blood pressure by 5.9 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 3.2 mmHg (all p<.000). There were no changes in blood sugar levels. There was also statistically significant differences in aerobic fitness, self-report health, quality of life measured by SF-36 and depressed mood measured by CES-D (all p<.000).
An independent risk factor for not completing the program was not having a family member or friend sign a social support contract (OR 2.91; 95% CI 1.01-8.34, p=.047). Education level was a confounder.
Comprehensive obesity reduction programs can be effective when there is extensive consultation at the community level and social support at the individual level.
Abstract 18747: Young Infants With Severe Tetralogy of Fallot: Early Primary Surgery versus Trans-catheter Palliation
Authors: Wilder Travis J , Van Arsdell Glen S , Benson Lee , Duong An , Pham-Hung Eric , Gritti Michael , Page Alexandra , Caldarone Christopher A , Hickey Edward J 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
Infants with severe tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) may undergo: 1) early primary surgical repair (EARLY) or 2) early catheter palliation (CATH) prior to delayed surgical repair. We compared these two strategies to 3) usual elective single stage TOF repair (USUAL).

Methods:
We studied 453 TOF repairs (2000-2012, excluding BT shunts). USUAL strategy at our institution is repair ≥3 months. Risk adjusted hazard analysis compared freedom from surgical or catheter reintervention. Somatic size, branch PA size and RV systolic pressure were modeled using 2543 echo reports via mixed model regression.

Results:
Table: group characteristics for USUAL (383), EARLY (42) and CATH (28). CATH involved: RVOT stent=18, RVOT balloon=9, ductal stent=1.

Risk adjusted freedom from surgical reoperation was 88%, 87% and 85% for USUAL, EARLY and CATH respectively, at 10 years. EARLY and CATH had similar reoperation rates, except for very young children (<1 month) where EARLY primary repair conferred increased risk of further surgery (Figure).
Risk adjusted freedom from catheter reintervention was higher for EARLY (76%) and especially so for CATH (53%) at 10 years, versus USUAL (83%; Figure).
Somatic growth and progression of RVSP (37-40mmHg) was similar among groups at 8 years. EARLY (P=.02) and CATH (P=.09) tend to have smaller bPAs initially. The CATH group tend to remain smaller in the long-term, whereas growth in EARLY matches USUAL.

Conclusions:
Early primary repair at very young ages comes with a cost of increased late surgical reoperation. Early transcatheter palliation tends to come with a cost of increased late transcatheter intervention - possibly related to slower branch PA growth.
Abstract 19222: Hypoxia Regulated Circular RNAs Control Endothelial Cell Functions
(Best of Basic Science Abstract)
Authors: Heumüller Andreas W , Boeckel Jes-Niels , Jaé Nicolas , Ponomareva Yuliya , Chen Wei , Boon Reinier A , John David , Zeiher Andreas M , Uchida Shizuka , Dimmeler Stefanie 
Published: July 2021

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs generated by back-splicing. Back-splicing has been considered as a rare event, but circRNAs were recently found to be abundantly expressed among a variety of human cells and tissues. Nevertheless, the expressional regulation, processing and biological functions of circRNAs are largely unknown. Cytoplasmic circRNAs can bind and trap microRNAs, whereas nuclear circRNAs may affect host gene expression. However, the expression, regulation and functions of circRNAs in endothelial cells have not been determined so far.
In this study, basal expression and regulation of circRNAs by hypoxia in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVEC) were analyzed using deep sequencing. Among the identified 7,388 circRNAs, 2,875 had not been annotated before. We further validated the expression of 40 selected circRNAs by RT-PCR and found that the majority is resistant to RNase R digestion, lacks polyadenylation and is localized to the cytoplasm. Cloning and subsequent sequencing validated the newly generated back splice sites for selected circRNAs. Furthermore, analysis of RNA-seq data revealed that circRNAs, particularly the cytoplasmatic circular RNA cZNF292, are significantly regulated by hypoxia in HUVECs. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of HIF-1α had no effect on cZNF292 induction under hypoxia, suggesting a HIF-1α independent regulation. Most importantly, siRNA-mediated knockdown of cZNF292 significantly reduced spheroid sprouting and network formation of endothelial cells. Furthermore, knockdown of cZNF292 had no effect on its host gene expression. Exon array analysis after cZNF292 knockdown revealed a significant expressional upregulation of 167 as well as a significant expressional downregulation of 123 genes of which most were associated with metabolic processes according to GO annotation. Analysis of Ago-HITS-CLIP data revealed no putative miR-binding sites, suggesting that cZNF292 does not act as a miR-sponge.
Taken together, we show for the first time the expression, regulation and function of circRNAs in endothelial cells. The circRNA cZNF292 is regulated by hypoxia and has an important angiogenic function in endothelial cells.
Abstract MP99: Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and the Epigenetic Clock: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Raina Abhay , Zhao Xiaoping , Bressler Jan , Gottesman Rebecca F , Grove Megan L , Guan Weihua , Pankow James S , Boerwinkle Eric , Mosley Thomas H , Fornage Myriam 
Published: July 2021

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is one of the most common degenerative vessel disorders of the aging brain. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are viewed as typical markers of SVD and are associated with an increased risk of stroke, dementia, and death. Advancing age is the strongest predictor of WMH prevalence and severity. Recent studies have developed a novel biomarker of aging, termed “epigenetic clock”, based on DNA methylation levels at specific sites across the genome, which are strongly correlated with chronological age. The deviation of the DNA methylation (DNAm)-predicted age from the chronological age, defined as “age acceleration”, is used as an index of an individual’s rate of aging. Here, we estimated blood DNAm age in African-Americans from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study using two methodologies, and examined the cross-sectional association between WMH on MRI and measures of accelerated epigenetic aging.
We hypothesized that DNAm age acceleration, defined as the residual value from the regression of the predicted DNAm age onto chronological age, is associated with greater WMH burden independently of chronological age and other known risk factors, including sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, hypertension, diabetes, and current smoking.
DNA methylation was measured using the Illumina HM450 array on genomic DNA extracted from blood samples of African-American participants of the ARIC study. We estimated DNAm age using two published algorithms in 713 individuals aged 51-73 with both DNAm and brain MRI data. Linear regression models were used to estimate the association of the natural log-transformed WMH burden with each measure of age acceleration adjusting for covariates.
Age acceleration was significantly associated with WMH burden and results were similar for both estimates of DNAm age. Each unit increase in WMH burden (on the log scale) was associated with a 1.2 and 1.3 year increase in DNAm age after accounting for chronological age and other known risk factors (P=0.01 and 0.004). Further adjustment for blood cell composition did not meaningfully change these results.
In this population-based study of middle-aged to older African-American adults, we report evidence of an association between accelerated epigenetic aging of blood and increased WMH burden, independent of known risk factors, including chronologic age. Additional studies are ongoing to clarify whether DNAm age is simply a marker of the rate of aging or reflects biological mechanisms implicated in the aging of the cerebral white matter.
Abstract P109: Detection of Haplotypes Underlying a Coronary Artery Calcification Linkage Peak in the Family Heart Study
Authors: Hicks James E , Province Michael A 
Published: July 2021

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is the buildup of calcium deposits in the arteries leading to the heart, and is an indicator of atherosclerosis. CAC is known to have a genetic component, and a genome-wide linkage screen in the Family Heart Study identified significant evidence of linkage on chromosome 9 in the area near rs13293430, but no common variant in the linkage region showed significant evidence of association.
Linkage screens attempt to identify covariance due to common ancestry at a genomic locus. This is robust to the presence of rare variation or multiple variants in a region, but is unable to identify the genomic feature causing the signal and additional research is needed to identify potential causative variants.
Pairs of individuals who have inherited a locus from a common ancestor will share an identical sequence of alleles (a haplotype) within the region. To identify haplotypes influencing the trait in the region, a mixed effects model was used. CAC was modeled as a trait influenced by polygenic effects and locus-specific haplotype effects. This model has the benefit of jointly estimating the effect of each haplotype while separating the haplotype effect from the background polygenic effect.
From the study, 2,687 individuals of European descent from 508 pedigrees with CAC scores were genotyped on the Illumina Human 1M-DuoV3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) array. Of these, 180 individuals from 23 pedigrees were for subsequent analysis due to membership in a pedigree contributing to the linkage signal. CAC scores were determined by cardiac CT scan and adjusted for age, sex, and principal components before analysis. Phased haplotypes were generated for 906,856 common SNPs across the genome using SHAPEIT. The region between 25Mb and 35Mb (3,500 SNPs) was divided into 250kb sections, and within each section haplotypes were created based on 24 evenly spaced SNPs. Statistical significance for each region was determined by likelihood ratio test.

Haplotype analysis identified two regions showing strong evidence of association (p&lt;10
-7
) with CAC. The region 28-28.25Mb is located completely within the gene LINGO2, which has been associated with BMI and cholesterol. The region 27.5-27.75Mb contains MOBKL2B, IFNK and C9orf72. Additional work will be needed to validate haplotypes used in the model and identify the particular haplotype influencing the trait.
Abstract P161: Variation in Five-Year Weight Loss Patterns Following Bariatric Surgery by Insurance Status
Authors: Takemoto Erin , Wolfe Bruce , Nagel Corey , Boone-Heinonen Janne 
Published: July 2021

In the general population, bariatric surgery facilitates sustained weight loss and remission of comorbidities (e.g., CVD). The effectiveness among Medicaid beneficiaries, a population with a disproportionately high burden of obesity, remains unclear. We sought to determine if patterns of weight change following bariatric surgery differed in patients with Medicaid compared to commercial insurance.
Data were obtained from the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery, an observational cohort study of adults undergoing bariatric surgery (2006-2009) at one of 6 geographically diverse centers. We used group-based trajectory models (PROC TRAJ, SAS) to identify discrete groups of individuals with similar weight trajectories over 5-years; we considered cubic trajectory models with between 1 and 6 groups. We selected the 6-group model based on Bayesian Information Criteria, visual fit and statistical significance of parameter estimates. We tested demographic predictors against trajectory group membership; Medicaid (n=174) vs. Commercial (n=991) was our primary predictor of interest.
Medicaid participants had higher mean weight at baseline compared to the commercially insured (307.9 vs. 291.2 lbs), but lost a similar amount of weight over time (74.8 vs 85.0 lbs). All groups experienced the most weight loss in year 1 (Figure). Group 6 was the heaviest at baseline and began to regain weight after year 1; groups 1-5 continued to lose weight through year 2. Group’s 1 & 2 weight remained stable over 5 years while groups 3-6 began to slowly regain weight. Medicaid beneficiaries were more likely to be in group 4 (OR 3.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 8.6), group 5 (OR 5.7, 95% CI: 2.0, 16.1) and group 6 (OR 7.9, 95% CI: 2.5, 25.1) compared to group 1.
Medicaid beneficiaries experience substantial long term weight loss. However, they had higher baseline weight and tended to be in groups with less long-term weight loss compared to the commercially insured. Focusing on tailored interventions to specific patient groups could help maintain weight loss.