bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensemble monastique ou domaine privé du haut Moyen Âge ? Le site des Communaux – ZAC PIDA à Aoste (Isère)
Authors: Ancel Marie-José 
Published: March 2021

Une opération d’archéologie préventive menée à Aoste en 2016, sur une surface d’environ 17 000 m², a mis au jour une église paléochrétienne dont les fondations sur pieux ont pu être datées par 14C de la fin du ve-début du vie siècle. Vingt-trois sépultures à inhumation du haut Moyen Âge sont associées à cet édifice. Elles sont essentiellement localisées à l’extérieur, contre les murs ; quelques-unes, probablement privilégiées, sont situées à l’intérieur, au niveau du porche et de la nef. On notera la présence d’immatures (12 individus) et d’adultes (17 individus).Cette église est implantée au sein d’un enclos fossoyé qui couvre une superficie d’environ 2 700 m². Elle y est associée à quelques bâtiments d’habitation sur poteaux, situés à une vingtaine de mètres. Plusieurs phases sont sans doute envisageables, avec semble-t-il au maximum quatre bâtiments fonctionnant simultanément. Un autre bâtiment sur poteaux, de plus grandes dimensions, situé dans l’axe de l’entrée de l’église, pourrait revêtir une fonction communautaire. D’autres installations évoquant des activités agricoles et/ou pastorales ont également été mises en évidence, ainsi que les fondations d’une probable tour et un puits. La durée globale d’occupation du site s’étend jusqu’au viie et probablement jusqu’aux ixe-xe siècles.Il est proposé d’interpréter le site comme un ensemble monastique, ce qui en ferait un des plus précoces de France et un des rares fouillés intégralement. Toutefois, la possibilité qu’il s’agisse d’un domaine aristocratique doté d’un petit oratoire privé reste envisageable.
Un simple tas d’os ? Le fonctionnement complexe d’un ossuaire médiéval du cimetière paroissial de l’église Notre-Dame de Boulonge-sur-Mer (Pas-de-Calais)
Authors: Blamangin Olivier , Oudry Sophie , Kacki Sacha 
Published: March 2021

La collecte et le dépôt secondaire d’ossements constituaient des gestes funéraires communs dans le cadre de la gestion des espaces cimétériaux médiévaux. Les accumulations d’ossements qui en résultent ne bénéficient que rarement de fouilles archéologiques minutieuses et d’études approfondies. La fouille récente d’une fosse ossuaire dans le cimetière paroissial de l’église Notre-Dame de Boulogne-sur-Mer montre pourtant que ce type de structure ne peut être réduit à la simple expression d’une gestion pragmatique des restes humains. Dans l’exemple boulonnais, bien daté du xive siècle par des analyses 14C, quatre sépultures primaires ont été opérées dans l’ossuaire – trois jeunes enfants dont deux sont déposés en cercueil et un adulte déposé sur le ventre –, témoignant de la coexistence de deux fonctions, de deux « intentions » et de divers « temps funéraires » dans le fonctionnement de la structure. Les résultats obtenus conduisent à discuter le sens qu’il convient de donner à ces gestes funéraires atypiques que l’on rencontre quelquefois sur d’autres sites.
Un os de vautour dans la basse cour du château de Broue (xive siècle, Saint-Sornin, Charente-Maritime)
Authors: Barme Maude , Clavel Benoît 
Published: March 2021

La découverte récente d’un os de vautour moine sur le site castral de Broue (France, Charente-Maritime) conduit à s’interroger sur une potentielle valorisation de cet oiseau, voire un possible négoce de tout ou partie de ce dernier. Après avoir dressé un état des lieux des découvertes de restes de vautour moine en contextes archéologiques médiévaux et modernes, les auteurs se sont interrogés sur les usages possibles des plumes, voire de la dépouille de l’oiseau. L’hypothèse du vautour captif a également été abordée car la détention d’un tel volatile, rare dans l’espace charentais, pouvait revêtir un caractère ostentatoire. Cette modeste contribution, en s’appuyant sur l’examen conjugué des sources archéozoologiques et des sources textuelles tente, autant que faire se peut, de cerner le statut du vautour, en général, et du vautour moine, en particulier, aux époques médiévale et moderne.
Une fenêtre archéologique sur l’agglomération de Moissac (Tarn-et-Garonne) du xiie au xixe siècle
Authors: Lefebvre Bastien 
Published: March 2021

Entre 2015 et 2018, plusieurs campagnes de fouille programmée ont été engagées, dans le cadre d’une recherche sur la formation de l’agglomération, au sud du monastère Saint-Pierre de Moissac. La puissance stratigraphique importante, la grande quantité de structures et la très bonne conservation des matériaux organiques due au sous-sol humide ont permis de documenter les dynamiques de l’occupation domestique dans un secteur de la ville entre le xiie et le xixe siècle. Si l’un des principaux résultats de cette recherche a été de mettre en évidence que le développement de l’agglomération n’est vraisemblablement pas antérieur à la seconde moitié du xiie siècle, les données recueillies concernant l’occupation domestique se sont révélées riches, avec la mise au jour d’une grande variété de mobilier en position de rejet, et la découverte de structures originales, comme un grand pressoir à levier construit à la fin du xiiie siècle.
The Impact of Khat (Catha edulis) on Hemodynamics of the Common Carotid Arteries in Regular Khat Chewers
Authors: Gameraddin Moawia , Abdalmalik Bushra A. , Ibrahim Mohamed 
Published: March 2021

Background:
To evaluate the effect of chewing khat on the hemodynamics of the common carotid arteries (CCAs) using Doppler ultrasound imaging.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional case–control study. Fifty volunteers who were chronic regular khat chewers were selected and compared with healthy nonkhat chewers. They were examined using Doppler imaging with a 7–10 MHz linear transducer. The resistivity index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), peak systolic velocity (PSV), and end-diastolic velocity of the CCAs were determined according to the standard protocol of carotid Doppler ultrasound.

Results:
The RI and PI of the right and left CCAs were significantly higher in khat chewers compared to controls (P < 0.001). The PSV of the right and left CCAs was considerably higher in khat chewers compared to controls (P < 0.001 and 0.04, respectively).

Conclusion:
The Doppler values of blood flow velocity, resistivity, and pulsatility were significantly higher in chronic regular khat chewers compared to nonkhat chewers. Khat is a significant contributory factor for increasing the hemodynamics of the CCAs.
Synergistic Interaction of Heavy Metal Salts with Hyperthermia or Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Tolkaeva Mariia , Mishra Kaushala Prasad , Evstratova Ekaterina , Petin Vladislav 
Published: March 2021

Background:
One of the ways to enhance the effectiveness of radiation therapy or sterilization of objects of various origins is to use chemical agents in combination with hyperthermia and ionizing radiation. Some drugs commonly used in medicine include heavy metals. However, the study of their synergistic interaction with other agents is fragmentary. The purpose of this study was to establish a general pattern of synergistic interaction of heavy metal salts with hyperthermia or ionizing radiation.

Materials and Methods:
Bacterial and diploid yeast cells were used in the experiments. To quantify the synergistic effect, cell survival was determined after individual effects of heavy metal salts, hyperthermia, ionizing radiation, and their simultaneous action. The following heavy metal salts were used: lead iodide, potassium dichromate, cisplatin, and zinc sulfate.

Results:
For all analyzed cases, optimal conditions of interacting agents were observed under which the greatest synergistic effect was achieved.

Conclusion:
Comparison of the results obtained with previously published data indicates general patterns of synergistic effect display that are independent of acting agents, biological objects, and tests.
An Institutional Experience of Early Glottic Cancers Treated with Radiotherapy
Authors: Shah Aastha , Suryanarayan U 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
This retrospective study aimed at analyzing the recurrence rates in early glottic cancers (tumor, node, metastasis Stages I and II) treated at Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI) from 2014 to 2018 by radiotherapy alone.

Materials and Methods:
The present study included 170 patients treated at GCRI from January 2014 to December 2018. One hundred and twenty-six patients were of stage T1N0, and rest 44 were of T2N0. Total radiotherapy dose received by them were 60 Gray in 30 fractions on linear accelerator with 6 MV photons without elective neck irradiation.

Results:
The mean duration of follow-up was 60 months. The local control (LC) rate was 93.65% in stage T1N0 stage and 84.1% in stage T2N0 glottic cancer. Out of the total 170 patients included in this study, 15 patients developed local recurrence which was biopsy proven, leading to overall local failure rate of 8.82%, and the mean time to recurrence as noted in our study was 9.1 months. Ultimate LC rate by radiotherapy alone was 91.2%.

Conclusion:
Radiotherapy provides better LC along with the advantage of organ preservation in T1N0 and T2N0 glottic cancer, and the local failure can be salvaged by surgery.
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Morningness – Eveningness Questionnaire
Authors: Özdalyan Firat , Tütüncü Özkan , Gümüş Hikmet , Açıkgöz Osman 
Published: March 2021

Background:
People are divided into different chronotypes in relation to their circadian rhythm features. The Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), developed by Horne and Östberg, was the first and is the most used questionnaire for determining the chronotype of people. The reliability and validity of MEQ were tested in this study due to some deficiencies and inconsistencies in previous reliability and validity studies for the Turkish versions of MEQ and deficiencies regarding the validity and reliability of other versions of MEQ.

Subjects and Methods:
MEQ was translated into Turkish based on the opinions of five academics who were experts in their respective fields and the suitability and content validity of the questionnaire were ensured. The Turkish MEQ was administered to 419 undergraduate students aged 18–34 years. Robust minimum rank factor analysis (MRFA) was used to reveal the construct validity of the questionnaire.

Results:
As a result of the analyses, the questionnaire was examined in three factors. None of the items were excluded from the study and all items were collected under three factors. The explained total variance value was 42.7%, and the factors explained 64% of common (shared) variance in MRFA. According to the reliability analysis, Cronbach's alpha value for the MEQ Turkish version was satisfactory for the overall questionnaire (0.765).

Conclusions:
The MEQ version developed in this study is more valid and reliable compared with other versions. However, these results support that a more detailed instrument for morningness and eveningness can be developed.
Renal Involvement in Children with Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Keskinoglu Ahmet , Tekgül Hasan , Kabasakal Caner 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:
Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is a multisystemic disease with a genetic component. The central nervous system is most commonly involved. Renal involvement is also common. In this study, renal involvement was investigated descriptively and analytically in children with TS.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was performed on TS patients followed in a neurology clinic. The result variable is renal involvement. Other demographic, health-related, and family characteristics were examined as independent variables. Other system involvements in children with TS were presented analytically. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed with SPSS 24.0 software.

Results:
The total number of children diagnosed with TS was 52. Renal involvement was found in 9 (17.3%) of these children. Frequency of renal involvement was not statistically increased according to independent characteristics which were obtained from patient files (demographic characteristics, presence of neurological problems in the family, weight and height percentiles, and other system involvements in children with TS).

Conclusion:
In our study, renal involvement was found to be less frequent than the reported in the literature. It may be more relevant to conduct studies with higher number of children with TS for risk assessment of renal involvement.
Perception of mothers in Owerri, South-East Nigeria about teething in infants
Authors: Odinaka Kelechi Kenneth , Benedict Edelu , Ifeyinwa Amamilo , Emeka Nwolisa Charles , Achigbu Kingsley 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Teething is a natural and physiological process in growing infants. It is one of the major milestones in the development of the child and has been attributed to cause a myriad of problems to the infant.

Aim:
This study sought to determine the knowledge, beliefs and practices of mothers from Owerri, South-East Nigeria on childhood teething.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study that involved 127 mothers who attended the infant immunisation clinic of Federal Medical Centre Owerri over 3 months from September to November 2018.

Results:
Fifty-one (41.7%) infants had the eruption of the first tooth on or before 5 months of age. A good proportion 111 (87.4%) of mothers believed that tooth eruption in infants will come with illness, while 55 (43.3%) of the mothers had in the past experienced symptoms with teething in their babies. Seventy-three (57.5%) of the mothers use medications as prophylaxis for teething-associated problems. Mother's education did not significantly influence the use of teething prophylaxis (31.4% of mothers with tertiary education administered medications to their children during teething compared to 54.2% of mothers with lower educational background, P = 0.094, χ
2 = 6.392).

Conclusion:
Mothers in Owerri, South Eastern Nigeria irrespective of their educational status still have wrong perceptions and beliefs about teething and majority routinely administer medications for presumed teething problems.
Perceived labour-pain and parity are not determinants of tokophobia amongst birthing mothers
Authors: Eleke Chinemerem , Steve-Tamuno Ogochukwu-Mbonu F. , Agu Ifeyinwa S. , Bempong-Eleke Esther N. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Maternal health experts opine that poor control of labour-pain could result in traumatic childbirth experience which could lead to tokophobia.

Aim:
This study examined the association between perceived labour-pain and tokophobia amongst mothers who had normal vaginal birth in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Nigeria.

Methods:
A cross-sectional design was used. A sample size of 218 randomly selected birthing mothers was examined for the study. Fear of childbirth and numeric analogue scale for labour-pain interview questionnaires designed by the research team were used for data collection. Data were collected through face-to-face interview of consenting postnatal mothers at 24–36 h after labour. Collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at P < 0.05.

Results:
About 85.3% of the respondents had severe perceived labour-pain. Only 2.8% of the respondents suffered moderate tokophobia. Occupation was significantly associated with tokophobia (P = 0.047) and homemakers (unemployed women) were more likely to suffer tokophobia. Perceived labour-pain, parity and age were not significant determinants of tokophobia (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Severe perceived labour-pain is widespread, whereas tokophobia is not very common in South-Southern part of Nigeria. Tokophobia was predicted by unemployment but not perceived labour-pain, parity and age. Midwives and other obstetric care givers should incorporate mental health services into prenatal care of unemployed women and advocate for adequate analgesia during labour to further reduce perceived labour-pain.
Intestinal helminthiasis in pregnancy
Authors: Odunvbun Williams Obukohwo 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Pregnant women are vulnerable to the negative effects of intestinal helminthiasis, due to increased nutritional demands during pregnancy and in severe cases may contribute to anaemia in pregnancy.

Aim:
The study was conducted to ascertain the pattern of intestinal nematodes among pregnant women in Delta State and the likely effect on their packed cell volume (PCV).

Methods:
This was a prospective cross-sectional study, involving 300 eligible, consenting antenatal women at the booking clinic of Eku Baptist Government Hospital in Delta State, between 1 January 2019 and 31 March 2019. Stool and blood samples were collected from every participant for analysis and evaluation, respectively, for helminthic pattern and PCV. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to capture relevant data. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 24.

Results:
Three-quarter of the women were below the age of 34 years. Over 80% (238/282) of the women were parous. Fifty-six per cent (158/282) of the women had secondary education. More than Fifty percent of respondents (154/282), were traders. Seventy-two (25.5%) women had a helminthic infestation. Ascaris lumbricoides accounted for the highest (62.5%) type of worm, followed by Necator americanus (23.6%). Pregnant women who had their toilet within their houses had a statistically significantly fewer helminthic infestation (P < 0.001). Hand washing was associated with a statistically significant reduction in helminthic infestation among the women (P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in helminthic infestation across the trimesters (P = 0.224). Women with helminthic infestation had statistically significantly lower PCV (P < 0.001). Women with hookworm and mixed infestations had statistically significantly lower mean PCV (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
A high prevalence of A. lumbricoides and hookwoom infestation among pregnant women was found in this study. Helminthiasis was associated with reduced PCV. The routine antihelminthics for pregnant women attending Eku Baptist Government Hospital, is recommended by these findings.
Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer
Authors: Ansari Firdous 
Published: March 2021

Background:
According to the World Health Organization, human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer, which is the fourth most common cancer in women, with an estimated 266,000 deaths and 528,000 new cases in 2012. Usually, HPV infections cause no symptoms but it is also reported that 99% cervical cancer cases are linked to genital infection with HPV and it is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to review the literature to describe what research has been done and what can be the future prospect.

Methods:
To search for the literature search engine, PubMed and Google were searched by inputting different key words, for example, HPV and cervical cancer. Studies considered were broadly associated with either HPV and cervical cancer or its worldwide scenario and socio-economic status.

Results:
Considered studies showed that Genital HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, whereas a considerable number i.e., 90% cases of cervical cancer, HPV was detected. The largest proportion attributable to HPV reported were about 75%, 70%, 70% and 60% of vaginal cancers, oropharyngeal cancers, vulvar cancers and penile cancers, respectively. Various identified risk factors as well as different suggested methods are also described to protect against HPV.

Conclusion:
We may conclude that as it is sexually transmitted infection and causes no symptoms, so proper care should be taken in intimate hygiene management.
Perceived evidence-based practice competency among Saudi nurse managers
Authors: Alamri Majed 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Nurse managers have a vital part in the integration of evidence-based practice (EBP) in the clinical setting. This study measures perceived EBP competency among Saudi nurse managers. This survey was conducted in four government hospitals in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
A total of 308 Saudi nurse managers in four government hospitals utilizing a descriptive cross-sectional method were employed. A survey was used to determine the EBP competency. Nurse managers are somewhat competent in EBP (1.19). This holds true in both subcategories: knowledge (1.15) and activities (1.21). It was observed that the fewer years' experience as a manager the better the EBP competency.

Conclusion:
There is a need to review the strategies to integrate EBP in actual practice in the Kingdom, especially since EBP is associated with nurses as a researchers' role. EBP competency (1.0) is 0.78 EBP activity and 0.22 EBP knowledge. Only years of experience impacted EBP competency when linear regression was run. Nurse managers new to a unit perceived that they are more competent and show the willingness to learn, implement, and utilize EBP.
Ocular manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in the Taif region of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic, patient prospective
Authors: Alghamdi Abdulhamid S. , Alrubaie Nada S. , Sarriyah Jehan F. , Alqahtani Bushra A. , Alshehri Bushra F. , Alghamdi Shadi A. , Alahmari Ali M. , Attar Mohammed A. , Dammas Omar A. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Ocular manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) considered being the most common extraintestinal complication. Eventually, early detection and management improve the patient's quality of life as well as prevent potentially visually threatening complications.

Objectives:
To assess the prevalence and pattern of ocular manifestations among patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
Cross-sectional study was performed using anonymous online surveys were administered which included the participant's demographics, prevalence and pattern of IBD intestinal and ocular manifestations, precipitating factors, and quality of life. Data were analyzed using (SPSS) version 20 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Chi-squared test Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Informed consent and ethical approval were obtained.

Results:
A total of 216 participants responded to the survey with 50.50% of females and 49.50% were male. About 90.3% of the participants had their GIT symptoms start before their eye symptoms. Almost two-thirds of the participants, (68.5%) suffered from frequent severe bowel symptoms that prevented them from carrying out work and/or perform the normal daily activity. Furthermore, one-third of the participants (31.6%) are unemployed and described a positive family history (32.8%). More than 75% of participants described eye symptoms associated with the intestinal disease activity which range from mild self-limiting to more severe ones that required hospital visits (50%). Although, majority of participants (90.00%) did not routinely receive official referral to ophthalmologist. The non-significant difference was found between the presence of eye symptoms and participant's gender, marital status, educational level, stress, and smoking habits.

Conclusion:
Most of the IBD patients suffered from significant ocular manifestations with frequent hospital visits. Misdiagnosis and/or inadequate management negatively affect the quality of life of IBD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Risk-based Ophthalmic screening strategy may reduce the impact of IBD.