bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Rotating Biological Contactor Combined With An External Membrane Filtration
Authors: Waqas Sharjeel , Harun Noorfidza Yub , Bilad Muhammad Roil , Samsuri Taufik , Nordin Nik Abdul Hadi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A large amount of wastewater is directly discharged into water bodies without treatment causing surface water contamination. Conventional treatment techniques produce lower effluent quality and are energy extensive. Rotating biological contactor (RBC) is an attractive biological wastewater treatment that offers a low energy footprint. However, its unstable removal efficiency makes it less popular. This study optimizes operating parameters in RBC combined with external membrane filtration (RBC-ME) in which the latter acts as a post-treatment step to stabilize the biological performance. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the biological and filtration performance by exploiting three parameters of disk rotational speed, hydraulic retention time (HRT), and sludge retention time (SRT). Results show that RBC-ME exhibits excellent biological treatment capacity and higher effluent quality. It attained 87.9 ± 3.2% of chemical oxygen demand, 45.2 ± 0.7% total nitrogen, 97.9 ± 0.1% turbidity, and 98.9 ± 1.1% ammonium removals. The RSM data demonstrated that the experimental data and model predictions agreed well. Under the most optimum parameters, the permeability of 144.6 L/m2 h bar could be achieved at 36.1 rpm disk rotational speed, 18 h HRT, and 14.9 d SRT. This work demonstrates the effective use of statistical modeling to enhance RBC-ME system performance to obtain a sustainable and energy-efficient treatment process to prevent human health and the environment.
Altered Intestinal Microbiomes and Lipid Metabolism in Patients With Chronic Disorders of Consciousness
Authors: Luo Benyan , Yu Jie , Cheng Qisheng , He Fangping , Meng Fanxia , Yu Yamei , Xu Chuan , Wen Xinrui , Hong Lirong , Gao Jian , Li Jingqi , Pan Gang , Li Ming D. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Intestinal microbiotas regulate brain function of the host through the production of a myriad of metabolites and are associated with various neurological diseases. Understanding intestinal microbiome of patients in chronic disorders of consciousness (DoC) is important for the evaluation and treatment of the disease. To investigate the difference of intestinal microbiome and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) among the patients in vegetative state (VS), minimally conscious state (MCS) and emerged from minimally conscious state (EMCS), as well as the influence of antibiotics on these patients, 16S rRNA sequencing and targeted lipidomics were performed on their fecal samples and EEG signals analysis were used to evaluate their brain function. Our results showed that intestinal microbiome among the three groups differed greatly and some microbial community with its production of SCFAs were reduced in VS patients compared to the other two groups. Moreover, reduced microbial communities and five major SCFAs along with attenuated brain functional connectivity were observed in MCS patients treated with antibiotics compared to those received no antibiotic treatment, but not in the other pairwise comparisons. Finally, three genera level of microbiota, Faecailbacterium, Enterococcus and Methanobrevibacter, were considered as potential biomarkers to distinguish patients in MCS from VS with high accuracy both in the discovery cohorts and validation cohorts. Together, our findings improved the understanding of patients with chronic DoC from intestinal microbiome and provided a new reference for therapeutic targets exploration.
Adsorption Behavior of Cationic Dye on Bentonite Functionalized With 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane
Authors: BELHADRI MAZOURI , Mokhtar Adel , Bengueddach Abdelkader Bengueddach , sassi mohamed 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The current study focused on the modification of Algerian bentonite clay (Bent) with the product of hydrolysis of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) using the intercalation process. The modified clay (Bent-APTES) was investigated as an adsorbent solid for methylene blue dye (MB) removal from wastewater.The Bent-APTES was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical analyses, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The cationic exchange capacity was also determined. Several adsorption parameters were evaluated on the adsorption performance. The results showed that the equilibrium adsorption data was found to fit better to the Langmuir adsorption model, and the adsorption capacity for the removal of MB on Bent-APTES was 217.39 mg g-1. The kinetic process of adsorption could be described by the pseudo-second order model. Consequently, the modified clay could be served as an efficient adsorbent for cationic dyes in wastewater treatment.
Effect of Pulsed Electric Fields on Enhanced Extraction and Cytotoxicity of Poly-Herbal Mixtures Against Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Sadasivam Poompavai , Varadara Gowri Sree 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The mixture of different bioactive constituents from plant extracts and several other natural products produces synergistic effects. This synergistic activity aids in treating and preventing various diseases by reducing the usage of conventional drugs. The present investigation aimed to study the effect of poly-herbal formulations of selected plants (Turmeric, Pepper, Neem, Vinca rosea ) on improved biological activity with and without pulsed electric fields(PEF). Selected plant extracts were combined in different proportions(1% to 3%) to formulate a poly-herbal mixture. Ethanolic crude extracts were extracted by Soxhlet method and their phenolic activity and antioxidant activity were quantified. Further, to enhance the recovery of intracellular components, electrical fields of different parameters were used. The effect of PEF on formulated mixtures was compared with untreated extracts, which exhibited higher phenolic and antioxidant activity than untreated extracts. Out of all combinations, turmeric with pepper showed higher phenolic and antioxidant activity, and hence, these combinations were checked for their potential cytotoxicity against MCF-7 Estrogen breast cancer cells. In addition, different electrical ((EP1)High intensity,short duration & (EP2)Low intensity,long duration) pulses were used to enhance the uptake of extracts into the cell membrane. Lowest cell viabilities of 19.41%(raw extract),14.75%(pulsed extract),13.28%(pulsed extract+EP1) and 9.982%(Pulsed extract+EP2) after 72hrs of treatment for 1000μg/ml concentration of turmeric(97%) and pepper(3%) mixture was observed. This shows the potential of the synergistic effect of electrical pulses and poly-herbal mixture, achieving phenolic and antioxidant-rich extracts causing higher cell death. This technique can be used as an effective method to treat breast cancer avoiding undesirable side effects due to higher doses of synthetic drugs and single herb.
Clinical Study on the Intervention of Coptis Root and Ginseng on gut microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes: a study protocol for a randomized controlled and double-blinding trial
Authors: Jiang Li , Fu Qiang , Huang Weijun , Chen Yu , Li Jiayue , Xiao Yonghua , Shen Esther Aijia , Wang Junheng , Li Zhuang , Liu Jiangteng , Fu Xiaozhe , Liu Yuanyuan , Zhao Yu , Su Guanxun , Wang Shidong , Zhao Jinxi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disease caused by complicated factors, the pathogenesis of which has not been determined. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) could effectively regulate blood sugar and influence gut microbiota in T2DM patients. Preliminary studies showed that the coptis root and ginseng (RG) formula could relieve insulin resistance and regulate the progression of diabetes in mice. The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy and safety of RG formula in the treatment of adult patients with T2DM, as well as observing its effects on gut microbiota.Methods and analysis: This trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. A total of 60 participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio into an experiment group (RG formula) and a control group (placebo). Patients in both groups will be given diabetes education and basic blood glucose control. Glucose-lowering drugs with significant influence on gut microbiota will be avoided. This trial will last 25 weeks including 1 week run-in, 12 weeks intervention and 12 weeks follow-up visit. The primary outcome is the change in the HbA1c. The secondary outcomes comprise the change in the fasting blood glucose(FBG), postprandial blood glucose(PBG) fasting insulin(FIL), fasting C-peptide(C-P), insulin resistance index(IRI), inflammatory factors and species abundance of gut microbiota between the two groups. Safety in medication will also be evaluated. The correlation analysis will be explored between the glycemic indicators,inflammatory factors and abundance of gut microbiota.Discussion: This study will provide the clinical evidence for the efficacy of RG formula in regulating blood sugar and influencing gut microbiota, which will be beneficial to form the integrated therapeutic regimen in T2DM with TCM.Trial registration: “Clinical Study on the Intervention of Coptis Root and Ginseng”, Chinese Clinical Trials Registry ChiCTR 2100042126. Registered on 14 January, 2021, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=42669&htm=4
FAKTOR YURIDIS YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENAMBAHAN JUMLAH DAFTAR PEMILIH KHUSUS PADA PEMILU 2019 DI KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Shobahah Nurush , Rifai Much Anam 
Published: August 2021

The relatively high number of Registered Special Voters in the 2019 Election became a problem. Since Registered Special Voters are people who qualifi as voters but they are not listed in the Registered Fixed Voters, it can be concluded that the voter registration conducted by General Election Comission is not as qualifying as it should be. However, there is an opinion that basically Registered Special Voters are not pure as it is listed. Some voters have already been registered as Registered Fixed Voters. Through this qualitative descriptive research with a case-approach, the research purpose is to reveal factors making people as Registered Special Voters in Tulungagung Regency. The result was that there were 23 percent of voters in the Registered Special Voters in Tulungagung who were already registered as Registered Fixed Voters. They are registered as Registered Special Voters presumably due to the following factors: First, problem arised when voters are mistakenly put in the polling station. Second, problem due to administrative error in recording the presence of the voters. Third, problem caused by the residence exchange. In order to solve this problem, electoral regulation reconstruction is needed, especially in relation to updating registered voter and/or voting-count mechanisme.
Keywords: Election, Registered Special Voters, Reconstructing Regulation.
POLIGAMI DI DUNIA ISLAM
Authors: Hakim Abdurrahman , Aibak Kutbuddin 
Published: August 2021

This paper compares the legal verses of polygamy in Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Indonesia. Apart from the controversy considered as detrimental and degrading to women, term of polygamy is not as easy as Westerners think in the license process. This study compares legal verses, licensing procedures, fines, either imprisonment or punishment, to husbands who violate the applicable regulations. Therefore, this research serves as evidence talthough polygamy is permitted, the procedures and requirements regulated by Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Indonesia contain elements of protection and respect for women. The method is qualitative with the library type. This research is classified as a co-comparative approach, which is a study that compares one legal case between several countries. The results are: 1) in Saudi Arabia, polygamy is still based on the classical Islamic fiqh school of Imam Hambali. Therefore, polygamy is not so much a concern in parliament that there is no legal reform there. As a result, polygamy is very free and tends to harm women. 2) in Pakistan, polygamy is also based on Islamic teachings, it's just that there is a legal reform that states that there must be written permission from the Arbitration Council if a husband wants to do polygamy. 3) in Indonesia, polygamy is very complicated, because basically the Marriage Law No. 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage contains the principle of monogamy. In addition, polygamy can be carried out by the husband if he has received permission from the wife and the board of judges in court.
Value of Newborn Screening Programs for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Authors: Pirozzi Elisa 
Published: August 2021

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID) is life-threatening disease of infancy and childhood characterized by recurrent infections and failure to thrive. Given the modern medical progress made available for treating SCID, early identification of these children is paramount to their wellbeing and overall survival into adulthood. Newborn screening (NBS) programs provide the opportunity to identify SCID patients before life-threatening infections can manifest. The T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) assay currently used for SCID screening has been shown to satisfy all parameters of an effective screening test. Its widespread use is indicated by the time-sensitive nature of the disease, its efficacy in reducing morbidity and mortality in these patients, and the cost-effectiveness of prompt recognition versus long-term management. While immensely beneficial, screening tests still hold limitations that require analyzing. Follow-up measures for SCID identification programs have identified ambiguity and inconsistency among testing algorithms across facilities and technical errors that have causes inaccurate results. Considering fewer than 20% of SCID patients report a positive family history and the lethal consequences of disease if left untreated, a screening program is a highly valuable tool for early diagnosis and prompt intervention.
ZISWAF Digital Payment as An Effort to Reach Millennials
Authors: Hasyim Fuad , Awwal Muhammad Al-Farido , Al Amin Nur Hidayah 
Published: August 2021

Abstract: ZISWAF is an Islamic-led fundraising instrument aimed at wealth distribution. The existence of technological developments allows the adaptation of payments with all its acceleration. This study aims to determine the digital payment strategy to maximize ZISWAF’s revenue potential in Indonesia. This study uses the TAM, and TPB modification approaches. The methodology used is structural equation modeling (SEM) with a partial least square (PLS) approach. The sample used is the Y generation as a representation of the millennial generation. The results showed that all the variables forming the TAM theory (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude) and all the variables creating the TPB theory (subjective norms and perceived behavior control) significantly affect the Intention (INT) of individuals pay for online ZISWAF (sig. 0.05, α=5%). Furthermore, attitude is a mediating variable in a partial/ quasi modification model that links perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEoU) to Intention (INT) (VAF=49.87%).Abstrak: ZISWAF adalah instrumen pengumpulan dana yang dipelopori Islam dengan tujuan untuk distribusi kekayaan. Adanya perkembangan teknologi memungkinkan adaptasi pembayaran dengan segala akselerasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pembayaran digital untuk memaksimumkan potensi pendapatan ZISWAF di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan modfikasi TAM dan TPB. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah structural equation modeling (SEM) dengan pendekatan partial least square (PLS). Sampel yang digunakan merupakan generasi Y sebagai representasi generasi milenial. Hasil menunjukkan seluruh variabel pembentuk teori TAM yakni perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEoU) dan attitude (ATT) dan seluruh variabel pembentuk teori TPB yakni subjective norms (SN) dan perceived behavior control (PBC) berpengaruh terhadap intention (INT) individu dalam membayar ZISWAF secara online (sig. 0.05, α=5%). Attitude (ATT) merupakan variabel pemediasi dalam model modifikasi yang bersifat partial/ quasy yang menghubungkan perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEoU) terhadap intention (INT) (VAF=49.87%)
Role of Diffusion and Socio-cognitive towards Intention to use Health Portal among Health Consumers in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Tobi Siti Noraini , Kassim Erne Suzila , Ghazali Norfazlina , Kadang Hendrikus 
Published: August 2021

The paper aims to examine the critical success factors that influence the attitude of health consumers and their intention to use the national health portal (MyHEALTH Portal). The study was constructed from two behavioral models; Diffusion of Innovation and Theory of Reasoned Action. It utilized an online survey hosted on the official portal website with a convenience sampling technique of 223 respondents. Results showed complexity did not significantly contribute towards attitude, while trialability and relative advantage showed significant contributions. Meanwhile, attitude influenced health consumers' intention to use the portal, while subjective norms indicated otherwise.
Keywords: Diffusion; socio-cognitive; health portal, health consumer
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i17.2809
The Influence of Socio-Economics on Travel Behavior of Public Transportation in Malaysia
Authors: Ngah Rohana , Abdullah Jamalunlaili , Khalique Muhammad , Goyipnazarov Sanjar Bakhodirovich 
Published: August 2021

This paper explores the influence of socioeconomics on travel behavior among public transport commuters to increase modal share. A face-to-face survey was carried out, and 904 usable questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS. The findings showed that level of education strongly influences travel behavior while there is not much difference in gender, age, income, and occupation. However, the categories in the groups provide good information relating to travel behavior. Suggestions and recommendations are provided to help the public transport service provider setting more strategic plans to encourage more individual riders to switch to public transport and sustain existing users.
Keywords: Socio-economics, travel behavior, public transport
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i17.2833
Environmental Management Accounting System and Value Creation: An institutional perspective
Authors: Mat Yusoh Nirman Noor Afiqi , Tuan Mat Tuan Zainun , Abdullah Azizah , Marimuthu Ferina 
Published: August 2021

The emergence of environmental issues has increased environmental protection awareness among society and pushed organizations to become environmentally responsible. Many companies currently consolidate environmental matters into their corporate strategic plan by adopting a comprehensive Environmental Management Accounting System (EMAS) to create more value. However, a lack of understanding on the institutional pressures persuading EMAS adoption within the organizations has reduced the urgency for the company to adopt the EMAS. This paper aims to explain the management's behavioral issues towards accepting EMAS adoption and how this behavior would lead to value creation.
Keywords: Environmental Management Accounting System (EMAS), behavioral barriers, value creation, institutional theory
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i17.2866
Kombinasi Bubur Buah Nipah dan Nanas dengan Penambahan Gum Arab pada	Mutu dan Karakteristik Sensori Fruit leather
Authors: Ayu Dewi Fortuna , Johan Vonny Setiaries , Zulfalina Tari 
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh perlakuan terbaik dari kombinasi bubur buah nipah dengan nanas serta penambahan gum arab pada mutu dan karakteristik sensori fruit leather. Penelitian eksperimen dilaksanakan secara acak lengkap faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan faktor pertama adalah perbandingan bubur buah nipah dengan nanas antara lain B1 (75%:25%), B2 (50%:50%), dan B3 (25%:75%). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi gum arab antara lain G1 (1%), dan G2 (1.2%). Analisis sidik ragam dan uji Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test pada taraf 5% digunakan untuk menganalisis data secara statistik. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan perbandingan bubur buah nipah dengan nanas mempengaruhi secara nyata kadar air, abu, serat kasar, gula total, total padatan terlarut, pH, dan pengujian sensori terhadap warna, aroma, rasa, serta tekstur fruit leather. Konsentrasi penambahan gum arab mempengaruhi secara nyata kadar air, abu, serat, total padatan terlarut, pH, dan pengujian sensori terhadap aroma fruit leather. Interaksi kedua faktor mempengaruhi secara nyata pH dan kadar serat fruit leather. Perlakuan terbaik penelitian ini adalah B3G2 (25% bubur buah nipah:75% bubur buah nanas pada konsentrasi gum arab 1,2%) dengan kadar air 12,83%, abu 0,79%, serat kasar 2,05%, gula total 21,21%, total padatan terlarut 32,08 °brix, dan pH 4,51. Hasil pengujian deskriptif terhadap fruit leather menunjukkkan bahwa fruit leather berwarna kuning (4,23), beraroma buah nanas (3,93), rasa manis sedikit asam (3,43), tekstur agak keras (3,90), dan penilaian keseluruhan secara hedonik disukai panelis (4,06).