bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KAJIAN PIDANA KERJA SOSIAL DITINJAU DARI SEGI SOSIOLOGI HUKUM
Authors: Widyastuti Bheti 
Published: August 2021

<p>Abstract<br />In the application of Criminal Law in Indonesia, it uses a model of imprisonment. Imprisonment penalties are often used because they are considered effective in providing a deterrent effect on criminals. However, along with the development of the times, imprisonment sanctions are considered not to prioritize the human side concerning the right to freedom for every human being. In the Draft Draft Criminal Code 2017 alternative sanctions were prepared. One of the alternative sanctions that will be discussed by the author is social work criminal sanctions. Social work criminal sanctions are considered in accordance with current criteria which prioritize the human side and provide direct moral learning to criminals. So that the author here aims to discuss the application of social work criminal sanctions in Indonesia from a criminal law perspective and the application of social work sanctions from a sociological legal perspective.<br /><br /></p><p>Abstrak<br />Dalam penerapannya Hukum Pidana di Indonesia menggunakan model penjatuhan sanksi pidana penjara. Sanksi pidana penjara sering kali digunakan karena dinilai efektif dalam memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku kejahatan. Namun seiring dengan perkembangan zaman sanksi pidana penjara dinilai tidak mengedepankan sisi kemanusian yang menyangkut hak merdeka bagi setiap manusia. Dalam Draft RUU KUHP 2017 disusunlah alternatif sanksi. Salah satu alternatif sanksi yang akan dibahas oleh penulis adalah sanksi pidana kerja sosial. Sanksi pidana kerja sosial dinilai sesuai dengan kriteria zaman saat ini yang lebih mengedepankan sisi kemanusiaan dan memberikan pembelajaran moral secara langsung kepada pelaku kejahatan. Sehingga penulis disini bermaksud untuk membahas penerapan sanksi pidana kerja sosial di Indonesia dari perspektif hukum pidana dan penerapan sanksi kerja sosial dari perspektif sosiologi hukum.<br /><br /></p>
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI DALAM TINDAK PIDANA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP BERDASARKAN ASAS STRICT LIABILITY (STUDI KASUS PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN OLEH PT. RAYON UTAMA MAKMUR (RUM) KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO)
Authors: Fitriani Henny Yunita 
Published: August 2021

<p>Abstract<br />Criminal act formulated in Environmental Protection Law Number 32 Year 2009 still contains an element of error (mens rea) as the main element that must be proven. In the case of environmental criminal acts committed by corporations, it is difficult to prove the causal relationship of the element of error with the criminal law act (actus reus). The strict liability doctrine can be applied as a basis for corporate criminal responsibility that commits environmental crimes by revising criminal provisions in environmental law (UUPPLH) by removing mens rea element, because the current UUPPLH only provides a basis for implementing strict liability in settling disputes through courts with a civil lawsuit mechanism. The expansion of the principle of strict liability in criminal law will more effectively impose corporate criminal responsibility, including in this paper the case of environmental pollution by PT. Rayon Utama Makmur (RUM) Sukoharjo.<br /><br /></p><p>Abstrak<br />Perumusan tindak pidana dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup masih mengandung unsur kesalahan (mens rea) sebagai unsur pokok yang harus dibuktikan. Dalam kasus tindak pidana lingkungan yang dilakukan korporasi sulit untuk membuktikan hubungan kausal unsur kesalahan tersebut dengan perbuatan hukum pidana (actus reus). Doktrin strict liability dapat diterapkan sebagai dasar pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi yang melakukan tindak pidana lingkungan hidup dengan cara merevisi ketentuan pidana dalam hukum lingkungan (UUPPLH) dengan menghapus unsur kesalahan, karena UUPPLH saat ini hanya memberikan dasar penerapan strict liability dalam penyelesaian sengketa melalui pengadilan dengan mekanisme gugatan perdata. Perluasan asas strict liability dalam ranah pidana akan membebankan pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi secara lebih efektif, termasuk dalam makalah ini kasus pencemaran lingkungan oleh PT. Rayon Utama Makmur (RUM) Sukoharjo. <br /><br /></p>
INFORMED CONSENT DAN REKAM MEDIS DALAM TELEMEDICINE DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mustikasari Aidha Puteri 
Published: August 2021

<p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Health services continue to develop following the updates in information technology, one of </em> <em>which is the use of telemedicine as a means of communicating between doctors and patients who experience long-distance consultation or treatment interactions. Not only to make it easier, but there are several new problems related to the delivery of informed consent, where any information related to disease diagnosis and treatment must be accepted, understood and approved by the patient. The recording of medical records has also experienced some turmoil because the data security system in Indonesia is not ready to allow the leakage of confidential information related to patients. Telemedicine is also not easy to do because there is no physical examination that can help doctors diagnose a disease, and it does not rule out that patients are not honest in providing information related to their condition. So this study focuses on how to deliver informed consent in the telemedicine process and the efforts that can be made to maintain the confidentiality of medical records. The government, the Indonesian Medical Association and the Medical Ethics Council are expected to support efforts to make telemedicine services in Indonesia safer and more orderly.</em></p><p><strong><em><br /></em></strong><em></em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Layanan kesehatan terus berkembang mengikuti perkembangan teknologi informasi, salah satunya adalah penggunaan telemedicine sebagai sara berhubungan antara dokter dengan pasien yang memberi kan pengalama konsultasi atau interaksi pengobatan jarak jauh. Tidak semata-mata mempermudah namun ada beberapa hal yang menjadi masalah baru yaitu terkait dengan penyampaian informed consent yang mana setiap informasi terkain dengan diagnose penyakit dan penangana harus dapat diterima, dimengerti dan disetujui oleh pasien. Pencatatan rekam medis juga mengalami guncngan karena belum siapnya sistem pengamanan data yang ada di Indonesia memungkinkan adanya kebocoran terhadap informasi rahasia terkait dengan pasien. Telemedicine juga tidak mudah untuk dilakukan pasalnya tidak adanyanya pemeriksaan fisik yang dapat membantu dokter dalam mendiagnosa suatu penyakit, serta tidak menutup kemungkinan bahwa pasien tidak jujur dalam memberikan informasi terkait dengan keadannya. Maka penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana cara penyampaian informed consent dalam proses telemedicine dan upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menjaga kerahasiaan rekam medik. Pemerintah, Ikatan Dokter Indonesia dan Majelis Kehormatan Etik Kedokteran diharapkan dapat mendukung upaya-upaya agar layanan telemedicine di Indonesia menjadi lebih aman dan tertata.</p><p> </p>
PROBLEMATIKA YURIDIS PENJATUHAN SANKSI PIDANA MATI TERHADAP KORUPTOR PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Tantowi Wildan 
Published: August 2021

<p>Abstract<br />Corrutiption is categorized as an extraordinary crime, the eradicting must also be done seriously. This article examines the criminal law policy of imposing the death penalty for corruptors during the covid-19 Pandemic. The Covid Pandemic in Indonesia as a national non-natural disaster which has been a serious concern of the government. In the event of corruption cases occur during the Covid-19 Pandemic, such criminal cases should be tackled in an extraordinary and special way because the impact of Covid-19 Pandemic has affected all sectors of life. Considering the Covid-19 Pandemic, it is appropriate if Indonesia is currently categorized under certain conditions. It means that this condition implies that if a criminal act of corruption occurs during the Covid-19 Pandemic, law enforcers can prosecute or impose a death penalty for corruption perpetrators as stipulated in Article 2 paragraph (1) and (2) of the Corruption Eradication Law. This research used the normative legal method which is carried out through literature study and used the statue approach to find out what weaknesses can lead to juridical problems with the enforcement of the death penalty against corruptors in Indonesia and to analyze the urgency of criminal law policy n the imposition of the death penalty for corruptors during the Covid-19 Pandemic.<br /><br /></p><p>Abstrak<br />Tindak pidana korupsi dikategorikan sebagai extraordinary crime, Pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi juga harus dilakukan dengan cara yang luar biasa. Artikel ini mengkaji tentang kebijakan hukum pidana penjatuhan sanksi pidana mati terhadap koruptor pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 . Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia ditetapkan sebagai bencana non-alam nasional yang telah menjadi perhatian serius dari pemerintah. Apabila terjadi tindak pidana korupsi pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 ini, maka penanggulangan tindak pidana korupsi tersebut harus dilakukan secara luar biasa dan khusus. Mengingat dampak dari Pandemi Covid-19 ini telah mempengaruhi segalam macam sektor kehidupan. Melihat kondisi Pandemi Covid-19 sudah selayaknya apabila Indonesia saat ini dikategorikan dalam kondisi keadaan tertentu. Artinya dari kondisi tersebut berimplikasi apabila terjadi tindak pidana korupsi pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 penegak hukum dapat menuntut atau menjatuhkan pidana mati bagi pelaku korupsi sebagaimana telah diatur dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) dan (2) Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif yang dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan dipadukan dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan yang nantinya tujuan dari penulisan artikel untuk mengetahui kelemahan-kelemahan apa saja yang dapat memunculkan sebuah problematika yuridis terhadap penegakan hukuman pidana mati kepada koruptor di Indonesia dan menganalisis urgensi<br />kebijakan hukum pidana di Indonesia dalam penjatuhan pidana mati kepada koruptor pada masa Pandemi Covid-19.<br /><br /></p>
KAJIAN PENERAPAN ETIKA DOKTER PADA PEMBERIAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI ERA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: J. A. Sofia 
Published: August 2021

<p>Doctors in medical services must comply with professional ethics (professional ethical standards), and must also comply with legal provisions, laws and regulations. This study raises the question of how to provide health services during the Covid-19 pandemic and how to apply ethics in the provision of health services. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of health services and ethics in the provision of health services. This research uses normative research methods, namely research conducted in consultation with library materials. Based on the research, it can be seen that in the pandemic era, the application of health services and ethics in the provision of health services is in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations</p><p><strong>Keywords<em>:</em></strong><em> Covid-19, Doctor's ethics, Health services</em></p><p> </p><p>Dokter dalam pelayanan medis harus tunduk pada etika profesi (standar etika profesi), dan juga harus tunduk pada ketentuan hukum, peraturan perundang-undangan Kajian ini mengangkat pertanyaan tentang bagaimana memberikan pelayanan kesehatan di masa pandemi Covid-19 dan bagaimana menerapkan etika dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan pelayanan kesehatan dan etika dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, yaitu penelitian dilakukan dengan berkonsultasi dengan bahan pustaka. Berdasarkan penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa di era pandemi, penerapan pelayanan kesehatan dan etika dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan telah sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Etika Dokter, Pelayanan Kesehatan, Covid-19</p>
PTPN2&nbsp;Expression in Cystadenocarcinoma Ovary and It’s Clinical Value Based on TCGA&nbsp;Database
Authors: Fan Yaguang , Zhu Yingrui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV) is a malignant tumor that often has a poor prognosis because of its late detection. The expression of PTPN2 is associated with a variety of tumors, but its effect on OV is not well understood. Therefore, we analyzed the relationship between PTPN2 and the prognosis of OV. Analysis of patients with OV using The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed an association between PTPN2 expression and the prognosis of OV. We established a model of the relationship between these factors by logistic regression, which showed a significant correlation between the tumor grade and decreased expression of PTPN2. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that low PTPN2 expression was associated with poor overall survival. Further analysis of the expression of immune cells in OV using the ssGSEA package revealed a significant correlation between the expression level of PTPN2 in OV and the numbers of mast, gamma delta, helper, and central memory T cells. We also found differences between the phenotypic pathways associated with low PTPN2 expression and pathways of genes and proteins that determine epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Finally, a network diagram of protein molecular interactions was drawn using the STRING database, which showed that PTPN2 was closely related to the signal converter and transcriptional activator family and Janus kinase family. Thus, PTPN2 shows potential for use as a prognostic biomarker in OV and is associated with immune infiltration.
Evaluation of Long-Term Degree-Days Estimated with Several Methods for Corn in Nebraska, USA
Authors: Dai Shuwei , Shulski Martha D. , Yang Haishun , Elmore Roger W. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The concept of thermal time, measured in degree-days, is widely used among the agricultural community in Nebraska to make decisions in corn (Zea Mays L.) production. Instead of the real-time temperatures that are experienced by corn plants, most of the widely available temperature data are limited to daily timescale observations from standard meteorological stations. And a variety of equations are used by different agricultural groups (e.g., researchers, advisors, farmers, and seed companies) to estimate thermal time for corn. Two problems could arise: a) the estimation method is lacking in accuracy; and b) different estimation methods are used for the same purpose by different groups. Consequently, citing these inaccurate and maybe inherently different thermal time results could lead to biased decisions in corn production. The goal of this study is to evaluate six commonly used estimation methods by comparing the estimated thermal time with the hourly-temperature approximated thermal time. We analyzed the root mean square error and mean absolute error for six metrics of total growing season (from May through September) degree-days based on the temperature data from a total of 14 long-term observing locations in Nebraska. In particular, we selected four location-extreme year cases to demonstrate the six methods’ estimation performance on a daily timescale. We found that the most commonly used adjusted Tmax and Tmin rectangle method provided poor estimation in the study area. Instead, single-sine, double-sine, or Tavg-based method was more superior depending on the metric of degree-days.
PLAC8 Correlates with Prognosis, Immune Infiltration, and T Cell Exhaustion in Breast Cancer
Authors: Liao Pan , Wang Ying , Sun Lixia , Yue Hongpeng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Lysosomal protein placenta-specific 8 (PLAC8) with abundant cysteine, also referred to as onzin, participates in numerous cancers, and its effect is greatly determined by the cellular and tumor microenvironment (TME). Ourstudy focused on investigating the prognostic significance of PLAC8 and examined the association between PLAC8, immune infiltration, and T cells function in multiple malignancies comprehensively, particularly in breast cancer (BRCA).Methods: PLAC8 expression in various malignancies was analyzed using TIMER. PrognoScan, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and GEPIA2 were utilized to explore the significance of PLAC8 in prognostic prediction. Moreover, PLAC8 functions were systematically analyzed through cancerSEA. Additionally, TISIDB, TIMER, and GEPIA2 were also employed for analyzing the associations among PLAC8, immune infiltration, related gene marker sets, and clinical stages. Finally, PLAC8 and its co-expressed genes biological process and KEGG were analyzed. Results: PLAC8 expression decreased in most malignancies and was related to poor prognosis in BRCA. PLAC8 significantly affected the survival of BRCA with ER status – array, PR status – IHC, HER2 status – array, Intrinsic subtype, Grade, and Pietenpol subtype. Increased PLAC8 expression positively correlated with the increased immune infiltration levels within immune cells and many functional T cells (such as exhausted T cells). In BRCA cells, PLAC8 functional phenotypesshowed a negative correlation with invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, DNA damage, and DNA repair. Besides, PD-1, TIM-3, TIGIT, LAG3, and GZMB, critical genes of exhausted T cells, interacted with PLAC8. Further analysis indicated that PLAC8 was related to T cell activation, proliferation and adhesion of leukocytes,adaptive immune response, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), cytotoxicity-mediated by natural killer cells, and the NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway.Conclusion:PLAC8 is a prognostic indicator in pan-cancers, especially BRCA. Elevated PLAC8 level could significantly enhance immune infiltration in CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and functional T cells. Additionally, PLAC8 was tightly associatedwith T cell exhaustion which possibly enhances the latterwithin BRCA. PLAC8 expression determination might help in prognosis, and modulation of PLAC8level within exhausted T cells, a novel approach for optimizing the therapeutic effect of immunotherapy on BRCA cases.
Risk Factors of Residual Lesions in Cervical High-Grade Intraepithelial Lesion After LEEP in Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Ding Zhuyun , Xu Lijuan , Chen Luting , Chai Haili , Jin Yan , Sun Yunyan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose To investigate the risk factors of residual lesions in cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Methods A total of 88 patients, including 38 perimenopausal patients and 50 postmenopausal patients, who were diagnosed with cervical HSIL after LEEP in Shanghai Jiaotong University affiliated Songjiang Hospital from May 2016 to May 2021 and then underwent hysterectomy within 3 months were collected. The patients' age, hrHPV typing, liquid-based thin-layer cytology (TCT), cervical biopsy P16 expression under colposcopy, endocervical curettage(ECC) during LEEP , margin status of LEEP and whole uterine pathology were reviewed and the risk factors of residual lesions after LEEP in HSIL patients were analyzed statistically with t test,χ2 test or logistic regression analysis. Results Among the 88 patients, there was no statistical difference in the residual rate between perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (P > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in age, hrHPV typing, TCT, P16 expression, and LEEP margin between with and without residue group (P >0.05), but there was statistically significant difference in ECC (P < 0.01). In perimenopausal group, there were no statistically significant differences in all the factors (P >0.05) except ECC (P < 0.01) between with and without residue group. While in postmenopausal group, all the factors were not statistically different(P >0.05) except margin status (P < 0.01).After multivariate, positive endocervical curettage was a risk factor of the residual lesionsin perimenopausal group after LEEP ( P < 0.01), and positive LEEP margin was one for postmenopausal patients (P < 0.05). Conclusions Positive ECC is a risk factor of residual lesions in perimenopausal women with HSIL after LEEP. Positive LEEP margin was a risk factor for the residual lesions in postmenopausal patients.
Intermittent administration sodium valproate has a protective effect on bone health in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Tao Zhoushan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective: the present work was aimed to evaluate the effect of different administration modes of sodium valproate(VPA) on bone strength, bone mass and bone mineral density in ovariectomized(OVX) rats and further investigation of the possible mechanism. Methods: 60 female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham group (Sham, n=15), OVX group (OVX, n=15), OVX rats received intermittent VPA treatment group(IVPA, n=15) and OVX rats received daily VPA treatment group(EVPA, n=15). After 12 weeks of treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and serum and femur samples were harvested. DEXA, Micro-CT, histology, biomechanical testing, biochemical index and western blot analysis were used to observe the therapeutic effect and explore the possible mechanism. Results: Micro-CT and DEXA analysis of bones revealed better BMD and higher BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, Conn. D and lower Tb.Sp at femoral metaphysis with evaluated in IVPA when compared with OVX and EVPA group(P＜0.05). Histological, fluorescent analysis and biological strength revealed more trabecular bone and higher relative mineral apposition rate, maximal load, elastic modulus and energy at break with evaluated in IVPA when compared with OVX and EVPA group(P＜0.05). The levels of P1NP, estrogen, CTX, TRAP5b and RANKL of IVPA group showed a significant increase when compared with the OVX and EVPA group(P＜0.05). We confirm adverse effects on protein expressions including Notch1, Jagged1, HEY1, Wnt 1, β‐catenin and RUNX2 following daily VPA treatment in OVX female rats. Conclusions: Our current study demonstrated that intermittent administration sodium valproate has a protective effect on bone health in ovariectomized rats and these effects may be achieved by activating Notch/Wnt/β-catenin/ RUNX2 signal axis.
The Effect of Palliative Care And Training On The Quality of Life of Terminal Stage Cancer Patients And Their Caregivers
Authors: Çalık Kıymet Yeşilçiçek , Küçük Ebru , Halimoğlu Büşra 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose The study aims to determine the effect of palliative care and training provided to caregivers of hospitalized patients with terminal cancer theoretically, practically and visually on their own and patients’ quality of life.Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted at a palliative care unit in Turkey between January and June 2019. The study included 35 hospitalized patients with cancer and 35 caregivers. Caregivers were provided with palliative care and training three times a week apart. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Friedman test and iterative analysis of variance.Results After the palliative care and training, there was an increase in cancer patients’ emotional function sub-scale and global health and decrease in their fatigue and nausea-vomiting symptoms (p<0.05). The mean scores of caregivers from role difficulty, pain, vitality, social function, emotional and mental health sub-scales were high (positively) (p<0.001).Conclusions Palliative care and training have a positive effect on caregiver burden and recovery in some quality of life sub-scales of both patients and caregivers.