bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stable and Lead‐Free Perovskite Hemispherical Photodetector for Vivid Fourier Imaging
Authors: Li Chenglong , Li Weijun , Qu Wei , Hu Haijing , Zong Jia , Wei Haotong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe filterless single‐pixel imaging technology is anticipated to hold tremendous competitiveness in diverse imaging applications. Nevertheless, achieving single‐pixel color imaging without a filter remains a formidable challenge. Here a lead‐free perovskite hemispherical photodetector is reported for filterless single‐pixel color imaging. Through passivating the active vacancy and antisite defects with functional chemical groups, the trap density of the perovskite film can be dramatically reduced to half of the pristine one, which results in a stable device with 0.69 nA standard deviation (SD) of the current fluctuations for over 10 000 s. The exceptional stability and remarkable low light response capability of passivated lead‐free perovskite devices ensure reliable and repeated distinguishment to high‐frequency color information of Fourier patterns. High‐resolution color imaging with 256 × 256 pixels can be achieved by integrating the Bayer template with Fourier patterns and designing a corresponding color restoration algorithm. Notably, its imaging quality surpasses commercial silicon photomultiplier tubes (SiPMs) under low light intensities or high‐temperature conditions as demonstrated by the larger signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). This work presents a novel approach for applying perovskite photodetectors in single‐pixel color imaging, propelling the advancement of filterless color imaging technology.
Nerve Growth Factor Signaling Promotes Nuclear Translocation of TRAF4 to Enhance Tumor Stemness and Metastatic Dormancy Via C‐Jun‐mediated IL‐8 Autocrine
Authors: Zhao Kai , Sun Tifan , Sun Qiruo , Chen Zhenzhong , Wang Tiepeng , Yang Jinming , Li Lei , Zhu Yanan , Liu Xinye , Yang Dawei , Lin Binyan , Lu Na 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor 4 (TRAF4), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is frequently overexpressed in tumors. Although its cytoplasmic role in tumor progression is well‐documented, the precise mechanisms underlying its nuclear localization and functional contributions in tumor cells remain elusive. This study demonstrated a positive correlation between the expression of nuclear TRAF4 and both tumor grades and stemness signatures in human cancer tissues. Notably, reduced nuclear TRAF4 led to decreased stemness properties and metastatic dormancy of tumor cells. Conversely, restoring nuclear TRAF4 in TRAF4‐knockout (TRAF4‐KO) cells augmented these cellular capabilities. Within the nucleus, the TRAF domain of TRAF4 interacted with c‐Jun, thereby stimulating its transcriptional activity. This interaction subsequently led to an enhancement of the promoter activity of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), which is identified as a mediator of nuclear TRAF4‐induced tumor dormancy. Additionally, activation of AKT signaling by nerve growth factor facilitated TRAF4 phosphorylation at Ser242, enhancing its interaction with 14‐3‐3θ and promoting its nuclear translocation. Importantly, pharmacological modulation of TRAF4 nuclear translocation is found to suppress tumor tumorigenicity and metastasis in tumor models. This study highlights the critical role of nuclear TRAF4 in regulating tumor stemness and dormancy, positioning it as a potential therapeutic target for metastatic and refractory cancers.
Predictive, preventive and personalized project of vascular cognitive impairment in China (P3): Study design and interim baseline patient characteristics of a Nationwide multicenter prospective registry
Authors: Wang Linlin , Jiang Jiwei , Wang Yanli , Liu Gaifen , Li Wenyi , Ren Qiwei , Jiang Shirui , Zhao Min , Zhang Huiying , Jiang Tianlin , Yang Shiyi , Cui Mei , Dong Qiang , Xu Jun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo outline the design of the P3 study and serve as a summary of the interim baseline patient characteristics.MethodsP3 study is a multicenter, prospective cohort study targeting 1000 acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients with a 2‐year follow‐up from 80 participating hospitals across China. Comprehensive multimodal imaging, neuropsychological tests, and biological samples were collected prospectively on admission and follow‐up visits. Patients were interviewed face to face for 2 years and followed up.ResultsUntil 30 December 2023, 642 patients were enrolled from 67 centers. In the AIS cohort, 219 patients (72.5%) were diagnosed with acute post‐stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Compared to those without PSCI, the acute PSCI group exhibited significantly lower levels of education and a history of stroke (all P < 0.05). In the CSVD cohort, 53 patients (41.4%) were diagnosed with cognitive impairment. Compared to those with normal cognitive function, the impaired cognitive function group had a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes history (all P < 0.05). All 642 patients completed 20 tests, as well as clinical information and blood sample collection. Nearly 95% of the patients underwent structural MRI and ASL, and 60% of patients completed fMRI and DKI or DTI.ConclusionsP3 study aims to establish a comprehensive spatiotemporal profile of VCI. Through multidimensional analysis of clinical information, radiomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics, and genetics, provide a more comprehensive understanding of VCI trajectories and individual variability, enhancing early detection and prognosis management.
The memory of past water abundance shapes trees 7 years later
Authors: Chin Alana R. O. , Gessler Arthur , Laín Omar , Østerlund Isabella , Schaub Marcus , Théroux‐Rancourt Guillaume , Voggeneder Klara , Lambers Janneke Hille Ris 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPremiseTree structure and function are constrained by and acclimate to climatic conditions. Drought limits plant growth and carbon acquisition and can result in “legacy” effects that last beyond the period of water stress. Leaf and twig‐level legacy effects of past water abundance, such as that experienced by trees that established under wetter conditions are unknown.MethodsIn an 18‐year forest irrigation experiment, we explored the lasting structural impact of past water richness on leaves and twigs of Pinus sylvestris using synchrotron‐based X‐ray microscopy. We compared 47 anatomical traits among never‐irrigated control trees, trees irrigated for 18 years, and formerly irrigated trees, 7 years after their return to control‐level water availability in this naturally dry forest.ResultsWe found that legacy effects induced by a period of experimental irrigation continue to shape the structure of new leaves and twigs long after a sharp decrease in water availability. Legacy effects shaping twigs were present but dissipating, while leaf traits displayed long‐lasting effects on structural strategy, with extreme values for traits associated with high water stress and low productivity.ConclusionsMature trees acclimating to an increasingly dry world may be at a disadvantage compared to young trees that have known only chronic drought. However, these young trees may be capable of thriving in sites of drought‐related forest decline especially if planted while larger individuals are still present to support tree establishment. Without a legacy of past water abundance, trees in future forests may be better equipped to cope with our rapidly changing climate.
Placental and Fetal Microbiota in Rhesus Macaque: A Case Study Using Metagenomic Sequencing
Authors: Du Qiao , Liu Xu , Zhang Rusong , Hu Gang , Liu Qinghua , Wang Rui , Ma Wen , Hu Ying , Fan Zhenxin , Li Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRecent evidence challenging the notion of a sterile intrauterine environment has sparked research into the origins and effects of fetal microbiota on immunity development during gestation. Rhesus macaques (RMs) serve as valuable nonhuman primate models due to their similarities to humans in development, placental structure, and immune response. In this study, metagenomic analysis was applied to the placenta, umbilical cord, spleen, gastrointestinal tissues of an unborn RM fetus, and the maternal intestine, revealing the diversity and functionality of microbes in these tissues. Additionally, gut metagenomic data of adult Rhesus macaques from our previous study, along with data from a human fetus obtained from public databases, were included for comparison. We observed substantial microbial sharing between the mother and fetus, with the microbial composition of the placenta and umbilical cord more closely resembling that of the fetal organs than the maternal intestine. Notably, compared with other adult RMs, there was a clear convergence between maternal and fetal microbiota, alongside distinct differences between the microbiota of adults and the fetus, which underscores the unique microbial profiles in fetal environments. Furthermore, the fetal microbiota displayed a less developed carbohydrate metabolism capacity than adult RMs. It also shared antibiotic resistance genes with both maternal and adult RM microbiomes, indicating potential vertical transmission. Comparative analysis of the metagenomes between the RM fetus and a human fetus revealed significant differences in microbial composition and genes, yet also showed similarities in certain abundant microbiota. Collectively, our results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the intrauterine microbial environment in macaques.
The Influence of Provisioning on the Intergroup Relationships of Rhesus Macaque in Hainan, China
Authors: Wu Cheng‐Feng , Xu Zhi‐Hong , Fan Yu‐Xuan , Chen Tao , Xie Pu‐Zhen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntergroup competition for limited resources is a significant selection pressure that drives the evolution of animal society. The rhesus macaque (Macaca Mulatta) is the most widely distributed nonhuman primate in the world and can adapt well to environments disturbed by humans. In some areas, human provisioning provides ample food resources for rhesus macaques, leading to an increase in their population size, inevitably affecting competition patterns within and between groups. In this study, we focused on seven provisioned groups of rhesus macaque in an eco‐tourism park in Hainan, China, to verify how provisioning impacted their intergroup relationships. The results showed that: (1) Peaceful coexistence was the most common form of Intergroup contacts; (2) Provisioning led to an increase in intergroup contact and conflicts, but monkeys tended to avoid direct contact with other groups at main‐provisioned sites with high conflict risk. (3) Larger groups did not interfere with each other's space use in the park, but smaller groups were more easily tolerated by other groups. (4) There were no strict linear dominance relationships among monkey groups. Overall, intensive provisioning satisfied the energy requirement of all monkeys in our study site, leading to a reduction in the relative benefit of intergroup conflict. Consequently, monkeys have adopted an intergroup contact strategy that avoids direct conflicts and prevents conflict escalation. We should pay more attention to the behavior patterns of provisioned animal populations, which will help us better understand how resources such as food have influenced the evolution of social strategies of animal groups, as well as how to manage such human disturbed animal populations in the future.
Unveiling the Photoluminescence Mechanism of Carbonized Polymer Dots: Evolution and Synergistic Photoluminescence of Multiple Molecular Fluorophores
Authors: Han Xiao , Xia Chunlei , Wu Han , Xie Yadian , Li Rui , Sui Bowen , Yu Yue , Wang Bo , Yang Bai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCarbonized polymer dots (CPDs) are a class of exceptional fluorescent materials with diverse applications. However, their photoluminescence (PL) mechanism remained enigmatic and controversial, hindering further development and application. While molecular fluorophores explain primary fluorescence in some CPDs, the overall PL of CPDs still cannot be fully explained, such as their excitation‐dependent behaviors, let alone the modulation of PL. Besides, the extracted molecular fluorophores are dissociative, raising questions including the purity of CPDs and whether the PL of CPDs nanoparticles come from these molecular fluorophores. Here, the emission around 510 nm of citric acid‐ethylenediamine CPDs (CA‐EDA CPDs) was proved to be contributed by a molecular fluorophore, which evolved from another molecular fluorophore following the quantum confinement effect. Further research revealed the whole PL mechanism of CA‐EDA CPDs to be the evolution and synergistic PL of multiple molecular fluorophores linked on CPDs nanoparticle. The evolution of molecular fluorophores had also been observed in another two systems, indicating the universality of this mechanism, and a new approach for regulating the optical properties of CPDs was put forward inspired by this mechanism. This study not only refined the PL mechanism but also paved the way for future advancements of CPDs.
Photoredox/Cobalt‐Catalyzed Chemo‐, Regio‐, Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Reductive Coupling of 1,1‐Disubstituted Allenes and Cyclobutenes
Authors: Wu Qianghui , Zhang Zhihan , Chong Qinglei , Meng Fanke 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA dual photoredox/cobalt‐catalyzed protocol for chemo‐, regio‐, diastereo‐ and enantioselective reductive coupling of 1,1‐disubstituted allenes and cyclobutenes through chemo‐, regio‐, diastereo‐ and enantioselective oxidative cyclization followed by stereoselective protonation promoted by a chiral phosphine–cobalt complex is presented. Such process represents an unprecedented reaction pathway for cobalt catalysis that enables selective transformation of the less sterically congested alkenes of 1,1‐disubstituted allenes with cyclobutenes, incorporating a broad scope of tetrasubstituted alkenes into the cyclobutane scaffolds in up to 86 % yield, >98 : 2 chemo‐ and regioselectivity, >98 : 2 dr and >99.5:0.5 er. Functionalization delivered a variety of enantioenriched cyclobutanes that are otherwise difficult to access. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that the reactions proceeded through oxidative cyclization followed by protonation and protonation might be the rate‐determining step.
The glymphatic system: A new insight into the understanding of neurological diseases
Authors: Liao Junbo , An Zhihan , Cheng Quan , Liu Yaxue , Chen Yibing , Su Zhangjie , Usman Ahsan Muhammad , Tang Zhi , Xiao Gelei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe glymphatic system (GS) is a newly discovered transport system in the central nervous system (CNS) that plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by facilitating the clearance of metabolic waste and fluid transport. This groundbreaking discovery has significantly advanced our understanding of CNS physiology. Historically, the brain was thought to lack a lymphatic system, leaving its mechanisms for waste clearance largely enigmatic. This review elaborates on the anatomical structures of the GS, including the perivascular space, aquaporin 4 (AQP4) channels, and the meningeal lymphatic system, as well as their functional dynamics, to elucidate the GS's waste clearance mechanism. It also explores the key factors influencing GS activity, such as sleep, arterial pulsation, aging, and pharmacological interventions. Moreover, it examines the implications of GS dysfunction in various neurological diseases, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, it discusses the latest diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting this vital system. Understanding the role of the GS in CNS homeostasis not only provides new insights into the pathophysiology of neurological diseases but also opens novel avenues for therapeutic interventions to enhance brain health and mitigate neurodegenerative processes.
Machine Learning Enabled Prediction of Biologically Relevant Gene Expression Using CT‐Based Radiomic Features in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sukhadia Shrey S. , Sadée Christoph , Gevaert Olivier , Nagaraj Shivashankar H. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNon‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a global health challenge, driving morbidity and mortality. The emerging field of radiogenomics utilizes statistical methods to correlate radiographic tumor features with genomic characteristics from biopsy samples. Radiomic techniques automate the precise extraction of imaging features from tumor regions in radiographic scans, which are subjected to machine learning (ML) to predict genomic attributes.MethodsIn a retrospective study of two NSCLC patient cohorts separated by 5 years, we performed a radiogenomic analysis of previously disseminated data from 2018 (n = 116) and newly acquired data from 2023 (n = 44) using RNA sequencing and lung CT images. Combining the data from two cohorts post binarization (of gene expression) or batch normalization (of radiomic features) in each cohort proved to be a better approach as compared to training the model on one cohort and validating on the other.ResultsOur ML‐based radiogenomic modeling identified specific imaging features—wavelet, three‐dimensional local binary patterns, and logarithmic sigma of gray‐level variance—as predictive indicators for high (1) vs. low (0) gene expression of pivotal NSCLC‐related genes: SLC35C1, BCL2L1, and MAPK1. These genes have recognized implications in a variety of biological pathways and mechanisms of drug resistance pertinent to NSCLC.ConclusionThe successful integration of heterogeneous radiogenomic datasets underscores the potential of imaging biomarkers in uncovering NSCLC biological processes through gene expression profiles.
Comparative Analysis of Central and Noncentral Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation Treated With Transcatheter Mitral Valve Edge‐To‐Edge Repair
Authors: Wei Peijian , Feng Shuyi , Zhang Fengwen , Li Hang , Zhuang Donglin , Jiang Hong , Zhao Guangzhi , Dong Jing , Wang Cheng , Ouyang Wenbin , Wang Shouzheng , Fang Fang , Pan Xiangbin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMitral valve transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (M‐TEER) was initially indicated for central degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) lesions, but advancements in technology have enabled successful treatment in an increasing number of noncentral DMR patients.AimsThis study aims to compare procedural outcomes and prognosis between noncentral DMR patients, outside clinical trial anatomical criteria, and central DMR patients undergoing M‐TEER.MethodsDrug‐refractory moderate‐to‐severe DMR patients treated with M‐TEER at Fuwai Hospital from January 2021 to February 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into central (N = 77) and noncentral (N = 59) lesion groups. Baseline characteristics, procedural outcomes, and prognoses were collected and compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences in baseline characteristics and preoperative echocardiographic parameters between the groups except for left ventricular ejection fraction. Both groups exhibited similar procedural success rates (central: 93.51% vs. noncentral: 91.53%, p = 0.92) with comparable procedural complication rates. The ideal M‐TEER success rate at discharge for noncentral DMR patients was similar to that for central DMR patients (83.05% vs. 71.43%, p = 0.11). Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated similar 3‐year recurrence‐free survival rates (noncentral: 94.9% vs. central: 90.3%, p = 0.46). Cox regression analysis identified higher discharge mitral valve gradient and a leaflet‐to‐annulus index ≤ 1.2 as independent risk factors for recurrence or death.ConclusionNoncentral DMR patients undergoing M‐TEER achieve similar procedural success rates without increased risk of complications compared to central DMR patients. The seemingly higher success rate in noncentral DMR patients may be due to the smaller impact on valve area, warranting further investigation.
Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm: Transcatheter Closure Through Retrograde Approach
Authors: Bagur Manjunath , Alva Prem , N Shivakumar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (RSOV), a rare but well‐recognized clinical entity, is invariably a form of left‐to‐right shunt due to rupture into right‐sided chambers. It causes profound hemodynamic effects, especially when the rupture is acute. Like most other left‐to‐right shunts, it was only a matter of time before this rare defect also became amenable to transcatheter closure (TCC). Since the first report of TCC of RSOV by Cullen et al. in 1994 using the Rashkind umbrella, in recent times, there has been a spate of case reports, brief communications, and interesting case presentations at interventional meetings using the much more user‐friendly and effective devices. We report a case of a 59‐year‐old female diagnosed with RSOV (noncoronary cusp to right atrium) treated with device closure by using a vascular plug through a retrograde approach without resorting to the usual antegrade technique involving the formation of an arteriovenous loop.
Impact of Below‐the‐Knee Runoff in Patients With Lower Extremity Artery Disease Who Underwent Endovascular Therapy Using Drug‐Coated Balloons in Femoropopliteal Lesions
Authors: Yamada Takehiro , Tokuda Takahiro , Yoshioka Naoki , Koyama Akio , Nishikawa Ryusuke , Shimamura Kiyotaka , Tsuruoka Takuya , Mitsuoka Hiroki , Sato Yusuke , Aoyama Takuma 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe impact of below‐the‐knee (BK) runoff after drug‐coated balloon (DCB) treatment in femoropopliteal (FP) lesions has not been well investigated.MethodsThis retrospective multicenter observational study enrolled 291 consecutive patients with lower extremity artery disease who underwent endovascular therapy with DCBs for FP lesions between January 2018 and December 2021. Patients were classified into four groups based on the BK runoff. Outcome measures included primary patency, freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD‐TLR) and amputation, and overall survival rates at 24 months. The predictors of restenosis at 24 months were also investigated.ResultsIn total, 43, 98, 117, and 33 patients were classified into three, two, one, and no BK runoff groups, respectively. In three, two, one, and no BK runoff groups, the primary patency rates were 72.1%, 67.3%, 61.4%, and 44.1% (p = 0.028); freedom from CD‐TLR rates were 87.1%, 78.8%, 71.7%, and 47.1% (p < 0.001); freedom from amputation rates were 95.2%, 97.9%, 92.8%, and 91.5% (p = 0.499); and overall survival rates were 89.4%, 83.2%, 76.6%, and 61.2% (p = 0.007), respectively, at 24 months. Multivariate analysis showed that chronic limb‐threatening ischemia, no BK runoff, Lutonix use, and residual stenosis > 30% were independent predictors of primary patency loss at 24 months. The risk score, calculated as the number of predictors, reflected the risk of restenosis.ConclusionNo BK runoff was associated with worse midterm primary patency, freedom from CD‐TLR, and overall survival rates than at least one BK runoff.