bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing the financial stability of enterprises with the help of financial analysis tools
Authors: Lyubenko Andriy , Shurpenkova Ruslana , Sarahman Oksana 
Published: February 2021

Introduction. In market conditions, the successful operation of the enterprise largely depends on the level of stability of its financial condition. If the company is financially stable, it has a number of advantages over other companies of the same profile to obtain loans, attract investment, in the selection of contractors and in the selection of qualified personnel. The higher the financial stability of the company, the greater it is regardless of changes in market conditions and, consequently, the lower the risk of bankruptcy. Therefore, the strategic goal of any business is to ensure financial stability.If the company is financially stable, solvent, it has a number of advantages over other companies of the same profile in obtaining loans, attracting investment, in choosing suppliers and in the selection of qualified personnel. The higher the resilience of the company, the more it is independent of unexpected changes in market conditions and, consequently, the lower the risk of bankruptcy.Purpose. To develop theoretical and methodological approaches to ensure the financial stability of enterprises based on the use of financial analysis tools.Methods. The study was conducted using general and special methods of cognition: observation, statistical, logical and comparative analysis, grouping, generalization and classification, systemic and structural approaches. The total analytical potential of the tools used ensured the reliability of the conclusions and recommendations obtained in the study. Results. The essence and significance of the financial stability of the enterprise are revealed, the directions of strengthening the financial stability of the enterprise by effective use of the tools of financial analysis are outlined. The main functional components that determine the economic stability of the enterprise and a system of measures that provides a timely response to deviations from the planned values of economic stability of the enterprise are identified.Prospects for further research. Prospects for further research are to deepen the methodological foundations of ensuring the financial stability of the enterprise through the tools of financial analysis and the formation of strategies and tactics to ensure the financial stability of enterprises.
Taking a Pass on Assessment Grades for a Career Focused Tour of the Middle East
Authors: Hardy Mat , Totman Sally 
Published: February 2021

The Middle East Study Tour (MEST) is a capstone elective unit that stands alone as a credit module towards an undergraduate degree. The tour has the dual purposes of exposing students to the Middle East region's political challenges and better illuminating potential career paths for life after university. But is one student's personal discovery (or their ability to express it in writing) more valuable than another's? Attaching a numerical grade to such endeavours would seem to indicate that. For this reason the MEST uses an 'Ungraded Pass' approach to the assessments. That is, the students pass the assignments (and the module) by submitting their work, but without any score being awarded. This article explains the mechanisms the MEST uses for assessment and how this aligns with the goal of the program to expose students to the real world of political struggles and career development.
The Bentley Global Experience Initiative
Authors: Berdrow Iris , Dayal Samir , Hauserman Shawn , Schlegel Natalie , Schuller Lauren 
Published: February 2021

Since 2009, Bentley University has engaged in assessment of intercultural effectiveness in undergraduate students. The instrument used was the Intercultural Effectiveness Scale, which measures six dimensions using a self-report instrument. The longitudinal data analysis showing results in correlation and causation indicated that while international education experiences have a significant positive effective on Global Mindset, they do not indicate a positive significant effect on other dimensions of intercultural effectiveness (Berdrow, Woolford, Skaletsky, Bird; 2020). In 2018, Bentley University engaged in a curriculum design process to re-envision its undergraduate core curriculum. Taking the opportunity to apply lessons from the assessment of intercultural effectiveness, a component of the new design was the Global Experience. This paper briefly outlines the assessment initiative and the curriculum design outline, with an emphasis on the creation of the Bentley Global Experience Initiative, a comprehensive program supporting faculty and students.
PENGARUH BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE TERHADAP STABILITAS DAN KARAKTERISTIK EMULGEL KOMBINASI EKSTRAK JAHE MERAH DAN MINYAK PEPPERMINT
Authors: Rismawati Dewi , Aji Nur , Herdiana Irvan 
Published: February 2021

Emulgel ekstrak jahe merah dan minyak peppermint tanpa penambahan antioksidan dapat menyebabkan perubahan warna. Maka perlu adanya pengembangan formula dengan penambahan butylated hydroxyanisole sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan butylated hydroxyanisole dalam formulasi emulgel kombinasi ekstrak jahe merah dan minyak peppermint. Konsentrasi butylated hydroxyanisole yang digunakan dalam formulasi adalah 0,01% pada formula 1 yaitu 0,02% pada formula 2 yaitu 0,03% pada formula 3, dan formula 4 tanpa menggunakan butylated hydroxyanisole. Evaluasi fisik dilakukan terhadap beberapa parameter uji karakteristik sedian antara lain organoleptik, pengukuran pH, daya sebar, viskositas, homogenitas, dan sineresis. Evaluasi fisik dilakukan pada sediaan yang disimpan di suhu 4°±2°C, suhu ruang, 40°±2°C pada minggu ke-0 sampai minggu ke-12. Hasil menunjukan bahwa seluruh formula pada penyimpanan suhu 40°±2°C dan suhu ruang, emulgel mengalami perubahan warna menjadi kecoklatan dan kuning. Homogenitas dan nilai pH emulgel seluruh formula selama penyimpanan menunjukan hasil yang homogen dan stabil pada pH 6. Semua formula selama penyimpanan mengalami peningkatan daya sebar dan penurunan viskositas. Pada formula 4 (tanpa BHA) menunjukan angka sineresis paling tinggi sebesar 41,75% pada jam ke-72. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa penggunaan BHA tidak berpengaruh dalam formulasi emulgel kombinasi ekstrak jahe merah dan minyak peppermint.
ANALISIS PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN NASABAH TERHADAP PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH (Studi Kasus Bank Aceh Syariah Capem Krueng Geukueh)
Authors: Mahdalena Maulida , Suryani Suryani , Ismaulina Ismaulina 
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine differences in income before and after getting murabaha financing at Bank Aceh Syariah Capem Krueng Geukueh. The research method uses quantitative methods with a sample of 45 respondents. Data collection was carried out using a Likert scale questionnaire. Based on the results of the study there is a relationship between welfare and cheap financing at Bank Aceh Syariah Capem Krueng Geukeuh, with the difference in the difference in average income before and after amounting to -8,587 to -7,635. This research is useful for researchers themselves, for banks, for murabaha financing customers, and for future researchers.
Keywords: welfare, income and murabahah financing
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЮ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ ВИРОБНИЧИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Myshko O.  , Kaminska I.  
Published: February 2021

Інвестиційна діяльність виробничих підприємств в сучасних умовах значною мірою залежить від зовнішніх умов. Значний вплив на неї справляються значні темпи економічної глобалізації та загального технічного і технологічного розвитку, які інтенсифікують процес старіння технологій та значно підвищують роль інновацій та інноваційного оновлення виробничої бази суб’єктів господарювання. Тому особливого значення для ефективної діяльності підприємств та для забезпечення високого рівня їх конкурентоспроможності набуває інвестиційна діяльність, яка дозволяє досягти мети щодо відповідності сучасним технологічним вимогам. В такому аспекті прості вкладення не мають актуальності, оскільки потреба оновлення виробництва є більш масштабною, ніж просте оновлення обладнання. Таким чином у підприємств виникає необхідність побудови спеціалізованої системи управління інвестиційною діяльністю, яка повинна бути спрямована на планування та контроль за реалізацією інвестиційних планів у тісному взаємозв’язку з стратегічними планами розвитку підприємства.
В дослідженні розглядаються комплексні вимоги щодо підприємств, дотримання яких необхідне для ефективного здійснення інвестиційної діяльності в умовах посиленої конкуренції. Визначено необхідність формування дієвого та ефективного плану інвестиційної діяльності підприємства, який повинен бути чітко пов’язаний із загальним стратегічним планом його розвитку. Перевага при цьому повинна віддаватися вкладенням в інноваційні проекти, зокрема – в придбання нових технологій, авторських прав та патентів. При цьому матеріальні інвестиції повинні здійснюватися, перш за все в обладнання, машини та виробничий інструмент і тільки потім – в придбання землі або виробничих приміщень. Запропоновано ряд рішень щодо підвищення ефективності процесу інвестування на виробничих підприємствах та ефективного управління інвестиційною діяльністю.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ КРЕДИТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Zakharchenko V.  
Published: February 2021

У статті показано, що для створення принципово нової за структурою і змістом кредитої системи України необхідно використати практично орієнтовані положення базових теорій кредиту – натуралістичної та капіталотворчої. Відповідно, метою статті є виокремлення тих положень кредитних теорій, які в нинішніх умовах можуть скласти теоретичне підгрунтя для успішного проведення в Україні кредитої реформи.
Відмічено, що в рамках натуралістичної теорії практичне значення мають такі її положення: класичної політичної економії – позичкового процента в контексті його впливу на динаміку інвестицій та рівень інфляції; банківської школи – доцільності «вкидання» в стагнуючу економіку додаткових інвестиційних грошей; неокласики – небезпеки відриву фінансового сектору економіки від реального та важливості зміцнення депозитної бази банків.
Наведено положення марксистської теорії кредиту, яка займає проміжне положення між натуралістичною й капіталотворчою теоріями, важливі в контексті створення в Україні повноцінного ринку цінних паперів та формування фінансово-промислових груп.
Підкреслено, що в рамках капіталотворчої теорії конструктивними є такі положення: «системи Ло» – контролю центральним банком емісії кредитних грошей; теорії банківського кредиту Г. Маклеода – ролі банків в національній економіці; манчестерської школи політичної економії – переливу капіталу із менш дохідних галузей у більш дохідні; теорії економічного розвитку Й. Шумпетера – ролі кредиту у фінансування інновацій; теорії ринкової кон’юнктури М. Туган-Барановського – нагромадження фінансового капіталу на різних стадіях економічного циклу; теорії кон’юнктури Л. Гана – підтримання її на основі кредитної експансії; теорії промислових циклів А. Пігу – розподілу капіталу між галузями на основі інвестиційних ризиків; кейнсіанської теорії – кредитної експансії держави в кризові періоди та боротьби зі спекуляціями на фінансовому ринку; теорії портфельних інфестицій – їх диверсифікації та гарантування вкладень.
У статті зроблено висновок, що хоча вчені по-різному визначають ступінь впливу фінансового ринку на економічний розвиток в Україні його слід трансформувати таким чином, щоб підпорядкувати завданням розвитку реального сектору економіки, зокрема неоіндустріалізації країни.
SPECIAL METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS OF THE FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF THE LIVER IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS
Authors: Rusin A.V. , Balazh O.P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The aim. Using special methods to investigate the functional state of the liver in patients with cirrhosis.
Materials and methods. The study involved 95 patients with LC who were hospitalized from 2018 to 2020 in the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Surgical and Gastroenterological Departments of the Transcarpathian Regional Clinical Hospital. Andriy Novak (Uzhhorod). All patients underwent C13-metacetin breath test (C13-MDT) to determine the degree of liver damage. To determine the degree of fibrosis in the examined patients used the following specially developed tests: Forns test, FibroIndex test, FIB-4 test (Fibrosis 4 Score), APRI test (AST-to-Platelet Ratio Index), MDA test (multivariate discriminant analysis), test GUCI (Gothenburg University Cirrhosis Index), FPI test.
Results. In all examined patients with LC on the results of C13-MDT revealed changes characteristic of liver cirrhosis. In group I of patients with LC, the percentage of functioning hepatocytes was 54.7 ± 5.3%. MFG was the lowest in group III patients with LC - 18.2 ± 1.8% and was statistically significantly different from patients in group I (p <0.05). A statistically significant difference between MFG parameters was also found between groups I and II of patients with LC - p <0.05. We found a strong correlation between the results of C13-MDT and histostructure disorders and the stage of liver damage (mainly F4) by METAVIR in the examined patients (r = 0.72; p <0.01). Based on the results of statistical analysis, it was found that the most effective test based on serum biochemical parameters is the FPI test.
Conclusions. The most pronounced changes that characterize the reduced functional capacity of the liver, found in patients of group III - p <0,05. The most effective test based on serum biochemical parameters is the FPI test. Severe liver cirrhosis is characterized by higher plasma levels of endothelial mediators, fibrinolysis regulators and lower platelet counts, levels of physiological anticoagulants, prolonged invertebrate values.
Testing Blandford–Znajek Mechanism in Black Hole Hyperaccretion Flows for Long-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Du Mei , Yi Shuang-Xi , Liu Tong , Song Cui-Ying , Xie Wei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are generally related to the core-collapse of massive stars. In the collapsar scenario, a rotating stellar-mass black hole (BH) surrounded by a hyperaccretion disk has been considered as one of the plausible candidates of GRB central engines. In this paper, we work on a sample including 146 long GRBs with significant jet break features in the multiband afterglows. The jet opening angles can then be obtained by the jet break time. By assuming GRB jets powered by the Blandford–Znajek (BZ) mechanism in the BH hyperaccretion system, we analyze the distributions of the long GRB luminosities and durations in the samples, and constrain the accretion rates for the different BH spins. As a result, we find that the BZ mechanism is so powerful that it is possible to interpret the long GRB prompt emissions within reasonable accretion rates.
Magnetic Cloud and Sheath in the Ground-level Enhancement Event of 2000 July 14. II. Effects on the Forbush Decrease
Authors: Qin G. , Wu S.-S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Forbush decreases (Fds) in galactic cosmic ray intensity are related to interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). The parallel diffusion of particles is reduced because the magnetic turbulence level in the sheath region bounded by the ICME’s leading edge and shock is high. In the sheath and magnetic cloud (MC) energetic particles would feel an enhanced magnetic focusing effect caused by the strong inhomogeneity of the background magnetic field. Therefore, particles would be partially blocked in the sheath–MC structure. Here, we study two-step Fds by considering the magnetic turbulence and background magnetic field in the sheath–MC structure with diffusion coefficients calculated using theoretical models, to reproduce the Fd associated with the ground-level enhancement event on 2000 July 14 by solving the focused transport equation. The sheath and MC are set to spherical caps that are portions of spherical shells with enhanced background magnetic field. The magnetic turbulence levels in the sheath and MC are set to higher and lower than those in ambient solar wind, respectively. In general, the simulation result conforms to the main characteristics of the Fd observation, such as the pre-increase precursor, amplitude, total recovery time, and two-step decrease of the flux at the arrival of the sheath and MC. It is suggested that the sheath plays an important role in the amplitude of the Fd while the MC contributes to the formation of the second-step decrease and prolonged recovery time. It is also inferred that both magnetic turbulence and background magnetic field in the sheath–MC structure are important for reproducing the observed two-step Fd.
Zwicky Transient Facility Observations of Trojan Asteroids: A Thousand Colors, Rotation Amplitudes, and Phase Functions
Authors: Schemel Madeline , Brown Michael E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We introduce a new method for analyzing sparse photometric data of asteroids and apply it to Zwicky Transient Facility observations of the Jupiter Trojan asteroids. This method relies on the creation of a likelihood model that includes the probability distribution of rotational brightness variations at an unknown rotation phase. The likelihood model is analyzed via a Markov Chain Monte Carlo to quantify the uncertainty in our parameter estimates. Using this method, we provide color, phase parameter, absolute magnitude, and amplitude of rotation measurements for 1049 Jupiter Trojans. We find that phase parameter is correlated with color and the distribution of Trojan asteroid rotational amplitudes is indistinguishable from that of main-belt asteroids.
Primordial Porous Structure of Chondrite Parent Bodies Due to Self-gravity
Authors: Omura Tomomi , Nakamura Akiko M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The porosity of an asteroid is important when studying the evolution of our solar system through small bodies and for planning mitigation strategies to avoid disasters due to asteroid impacts. Our knowledge of asteroid porosity largely relies on meteorites sampled on Earth. However, chondrites sampled on Earth are suggested to be sorted by strength. In this study, we obtained an estimate of the most porous structure of primordial “granular” chondrite parent bodies based on measurements of the compaction behavior of chondrite component analogs. We measured compaction curves of dust and dust–bead mixture samples. The dust sample consisted of various spherical and irregular particles with diameters on the order of 100–101
μm. The mixture sample consisted of dust and beads with different dust volume fractions (∼0.2–1). We used 1.5 and 4.8 μm particles as dust as a first step, although the typical size of materials in matrix may be much smaller. We approximated the compaction curve of each sample with a power-law form and calculated the porosity structure of the primordial chondrite parent bodies using the experimental results. Our results show that the primordial parent bodies are likely to have higher porosity than the chondrites. Moreover, the relatively higher volume fraction of the matrix may be one of the reasons why most meteorites with high porosity are carbonaceous chondrites.
Efeito agudo do alongamento estático sobre o desempenho e atividade eletromiográfica da musculatura antagonista
Authors: Silva Tamara Karina , Peixoto César Eurico 
Published: February 2021

O objetivo foi verificar o efeito agudo do alongamento estático (AE) dos músculos Ísquiotibiais sobre o desempenho da força e ativação mioelétrica (EMGRMS) da musculatura antagonista. Doze homens (20,28 ± 1,50 anos; 83,35 ± 17,86 Kg; 177,28 ± 9,64 cm) experientes em treinamento de força foram divididos aleatoriamente nos grupos AE e controle (GC). No AE foram realizadas três repetições de 30s de alongamento estático nos Ísquiotibiais e em seguida foi medida a amplitude de movimento (ADM). Logo após, foi medido o desempenho da força e EMGRMS dos músculos vasto lateral (VL) e vasto medial (VM) durante o teste de 10-RM na cadeira extensora. A ANOVA de duas entradas encontrou diferença significativa na ADM no efeito principal tempo (P = 0,019), quanto para interação grupo x tempo (P = 0,023), com aumento significativo na ADM após o alongamento (P = 0,013). O número de repetições do AL aumentou significativamente (P = 0,014; 16%) em relação ao GC. Não houve mudança significativa no EMGRMS de nenhum dos músculos testados. O emprego do alongamento estático pode melhorar o desempenho da força na musculatura antagonista.
Source and spread dynamics of mountain pine beetle in central Alberta, Canada
Authors: Shegelski Victor A. , Campbell Erin O. , Thompson Kirsten M. , Whitehouse Caroline M. , Sperling Felix A.H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a significant destructive force in the pine forests of western Canada and has the capacity to spread east into a novel host tree species, jack pine (Pinaceae). New populations have been documented in central Alberta, Canada, but the source populations for these outbreaks have yet to be identified. In this study, we use genetic data to identify parent populations for recent outbreak sites near Slave Lake, Lac La Biche, and Hinton, Alberta. We found the northern population cluster that entered Alberta near Grande Prairie was the source of the most eastern established population near Lac La Biche, and the range expansion to this leading-edge population has been too rapid to establish evidence of population structure. However, some dispersal from a population in the Jasper and Hinton area has been detected as far north and east as Slave Lake, Alberta. We also identified two potential source populations for the current outbreak in Hinton: most beetles appear to be from Jasper National Park, Alberta, but some also originated from the northern population cluster. These findings demonstrate the dynamic dispersal capabilities of mountain pine beetle across the Alberta landscape and the potential hazard of increased dispersal to newly established leading-edge populations.
Simple peeling of planar maps with application to site percolation
Authors: Budd Timothy , Curien Nicolas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe peeling process, which describes a step-by-step exploration of a planar map, has been instrumental in addressing percolation problems on random infinite planar maps. Bond and face percolations on maps with faces of arbitrary degree are conveniently studied via so-called lazy-peeling explorations. During such explorations, distinct vertices on the exploration contour may, at latter stage, be identified, making the process less suited to the study of site percolation. To tackle this situation and to explicitly identify site-percolation thresholds, we come back to the alternative “simple” peeling exploration of Angel and uncover deep relations with the lazy-peeling process. Along the way, we define and study the random Boltzmann map of the half-plane with a simple boundary for an arbitrary critical weight sequence. Its construction is nontrivial especially in the “dense regime,” where the half-planar random Boltzmann map does not possess an infinite simple core.