bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Social Media on Health-Related Outcomes Among Older Adults in Singapore: Qualitative Study
Authors: Han Madeline , Tan Xin Yi , Lee Rachael , Lee Jeong Kyu , Mahendran Rathi 
Published: January 2021

Background
The worldwide spread of digitalization has led to the harnessing of technology to improve health outcomes. Paying attention to older adults’ social needs via social media is one way to promote healthy aging. Although 56% of older adults are smartphone users, little is known about their use patterns of social media.

Objective
This exploratory study aims to determine the experiences of social media apps’ use among older adults in Singapore and understand their perceptions of its impact on health-related outcomes.

Methods
This study used a qualitative research design with an interpretative approach. Using maximum variation purposive sampling, normal aging older adults (N=16) who were aged between 60 and 80 years and experienced in the use of internet-enabled technology were recruited from an existing community study. Semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted. Employing a thematic analysis, interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed for codes inductively.

Results
The following themes and subthemes were identified as key moderators of older adults’ experiences on social media apps: (1) personal attitudes: participants were encouraged to use social media due to the increased accessibility, which enabled the ease of contact, but perceptions that the quality of interactions was compromised and its associated risks reduced their use; and (2) social influences: the desire to bond with co-users and the availability of support increased use. In addition, use of social media apps was perceived to positively impact health through its ability to keep older adults cognitively engaged, improve health communication, and increase social connectedness. However, opinions remained mixed on older adults’ vulnerability to social media addiction.

Conclusions
Personal and social contexts determine older adults’ social media use. This study’s findings provide practical insights into how social media can be deployed to improve health-related outcomes in older adults.
Benchmarking Triage Capability of Symptom Checkers Against That of Medical Laypersons: Survey Study
Authors: Schmieding Malte L , Mörgeli Rudolf , Schmieding Maike A L , Feufel Markus A , Balzer Felix 
Published: January 2021

Background
Symptom checkers (SCs) are tools developed to provide clinical decision support to laypersons. Apart from suggesting probable diagnoses, they commonly advise when users should seek care (triage advice). SCs have become increasingly popular despite prior studies rating their performance as mediocre. To date, it is unclear whether SCs can triage better than those who might choose to use them.

Objective
This study aims to compare triage accuracy between SCs and their potential users (ie, laypersons).

Methods
On Amazon Mechanical Turk, we recruited 91 adults from the United States who had no professional medical background. In a web-based survey, the participants evaluated 45 fictitious clinical case vignettes. Data for 15 SCs that had processed the same vignettes were obtained from a previous study. As main outcome measures, we assessed the accuracy of the triage assessments made by participants and SCs for each of the three triage levels (ie, emergency care, nonemergency care, self-care) and overall, the proportion of participants outperforming each SC in terms of accuracy, and the risk aversion of participants and SCs by comparing the proportion of cases that were overtriaged.

Results
The mean overall triage accuracy was similar for participants (60.9%, SD 6.8%; 95% CI 59.5%-62.3%) and SCs (58%, SD 12.8%). Most participants outperformed all but 5 SCs. On average, SCs more reliably detected emergencies (80.6%, SD 17.9%) than laypersons did (67.5%, SD 16.4%; 95% CI 64.1%-70.8%). Although both SCs and participants struggled with cases requiring self-care (the least urgent triage category), SCs more often wrongly classified these cases as emergencies (43/174, 24.7%) compared with laypersons (56/1365, 4.10%).

Conclusions
Most SCs had no greater triage capability than an average layperson, although the triage accuracy of the five best SCs was superior to the accuracy of most participants. SCs might improve early detection of emergencies but might also needlessly increase resource utilization in health care. Laypersons sometimes require support in deciding when to rely on self-care but it is in that very situation where SCs perform the worst. Further research is needed to determine how to best combine the strengths of humans and SCs.
The Role of Transparency, Trust, and Social Influence on Uncertainty Reduction in Times of Pandemics: Empirical Study on the Adoption of COVID-19 Tracing Apps
Authors: Oldeweme Andreas , Märtins Julian , Westmattelmann Daniel , Schewe Gerhard 
Published: January 2021

Background
Contact tracing apps are an essential component of an effective COVID-19 testing strategy to counteract the spread of the pandemic and thereby avoid overburdening the health care system. As the adoption rates in several regions are undesirable, governments must increase the acceptance of COVID-19 tracing apps in these times of uncertainty.

Objective
Building on the Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT), this study aims to investigate how uncertainty reduction measures foster the adoption of COVID-19 tracing apps and how their use affects the perception of different risks.

Methods
Representative survey data were gathered at two measurement points (before and after the app’s release) and analyzed by performing covariance-based structural equation modeling (n=1003).

Results
We found that uncertainty reduction measures in the form of the transparency dimensions disclosure and accuracy, as well as social influence and trust in government, foster the adoption process. The use of the COVID-19 tracing app in turn reduced the perceived privacy and performance risks but did not reduce social risks and health-related COVID-19 concerns.

Conclusions
This study contributes to the mass adoption of health care technology and URT research by integrating interactive communication measures and transparency as a multidimensional concept to reduce different types of uncertainty over time. Furthermore, our results help to derive communication strategies to promote the mass adoption of COVID-19 tracing apps, thus detecting infection chains and allowing intelligent COVID-19 testing.
Antidiabetes of Combination of Fractionated-extracts of Andrographispaniculata and Centellaasiatica in Neonatal Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Ariesta Reni , Fitrawan La Ode Muhammad , Nugroho Agung Endro , Pramono Suwidjiyo 
Published: January 2021

Many medicinal plants are widely grown in South- and Southeast Asia countries. Some of them are traditionally used for treatment of diabetes mellitus such as Andrographispaniculata and Centellaasiatica. In the study, we provided fractionated-extracts of A. paniculata and C. asiatica to increase the concentration of their active compounds and eliminate unexpected substances. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antidiabetes effect of the combination of their fractionated-extracts in male neonatal streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In the study, diabetes was injected intraperitoneally 90mg.kg-1 BWSTZ to two day-old rats. At the age of three months, the rats were administered with the combination of both fractionated-extracts for 14 consecutive days. We evaluated antidiabetes with parameters of blood glucose levels, morphology of pancreatic islet, β-cell density as well as immunohistochemical pancreatic insulin. The levels of MDA, SOD and GPx were also determined about oxidative stress change after treatment with the combination. In the study, the combination succeeded to lower the blood glucose level in neonatal STZ-induced diabetic rats. Inline with fact, improvement of rat pancreatic islets and β cells density, as well as moderate restoration of pancreatic insulin, were observed after treatment with the combination. The substance could decrease the level of MDA, and increase the levels of SOD and GPx. In conclusion, the combination of fractionated-extracts of A. paniculata and C. asiatica exhibited potential antidiabetic effect to its antioxidative effect in male neonatal STZ-induced diabetes rats.
The influence of Propylene glycol/Water and Ethanol/Water Binary Solvents on the in vitro Permeation of Garcinia mangostana L. Pericarp Extract across Shed Snakeskin
Authors: Kuswahyuning Rina , Sulaiman TN Saifullah , Wahyu Ananingrum Galuh , Reno Andini Rias 
Published: January 2021

Garcinia mangostana pericarp (GMP) has antioxidant activity thus may be developed into a topical antioxidant formulation. This research aimed to study the topical delivery of GMP extract. Initially, some commonly used topical solvents, i.e., water and binary solvents of propylene glycol (PG)/water and ethanol/water (0; 10; 20 and 40%), were used to dissolve GMP extract and further tested on GMP extract in vitro skin permeation using shed snakeskin. The influence of solvents' effects was evaluated based on radical DPPH scavenging activity and expressed as radical scavenging activity equivalent GMP Extract (RSGMPE). The results showed that RSGMPE could be delivered into shed snakeskin. The extent of RSGMPE shed snakeskin retention was similar among water and all PG/water or ethanol/water binary solvents. RSGMPE was also found in the receptor phase from all PG/water binary solvents, whereas that from ethanol/water solvents only shown from 20% ethanol/water solvent even though all ethanol-water solvents produced significantly higher RSGMPE compared to water and PG/water binary solvents
Um céu estrelado. Como acreditar em um mundo sem nós? Manifesto memória como céu de amor irreversível
Authors: Guerreiro Raquel De Oliveira , Papini Pedro Augusto , Franceschini Erica , Flores Paula , Cezar Brida Emanoele Spohn , De Souza Laura Barcellos Pujol , Escobar Gabriel Medeiros , Zachello Camilla , Neubarth Larissa Ko Freitag , Siegmann Christiane 
Published: January 2021

Este texto foi escrito pelos integrantes do grupo de pesquisa Corpo, Arte e Clínica após o falecimento de nossa querida orientadora, professora e amiga Tania Mara Galli Fonseca, cuja presença em nossas vidas deixa marcas da ordem do indizível. O texto foi lido em voz alta junto à comunidade acadêmica no evento Temas em Debate, em 25/10/2019. Na plateia havia pessoas que a admiravam e amavam, tanto por sua pessoa quanto por seu significativo trabalho de escrita e pesquisa, sua incessante produção de pensamento diante dos mais sensíveis pulsares revolucionários da vida coletiva. Para quem endereçaríamos nossas escritas dali para frente? - nos perguntávamos uns aos outros. Com vozes embargadas de saudade e dor, em torno de pequenas luzes que brilhavam como vagalumes na escuridão, dedicamos à Tania esse texto. Escrito a muitas mãos, assim como ela nos ensinou, buscamos palavras para homenageá-la ao colocarmos nossa saudade em movimento.
Estrategia pedagógica para desarrollar actitudes favorables en la enseñanza de la estadística en estudiantes de la licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales
Authors: García Sánchez Silberio , Juárez Agis Alejandro , Olivier Salome Branly , Zeferino Torres Jacqueline , Rivas González Mayra 
Published: January 2021

Las actitudes negativas hacia el aprendizaje de la estadística por parte de los estudiantes de nivel licenciatura influyen en el rendimiento de su aprendizaje. Estudiar estas actitudes hacia el aprendizaje de la estadística es de suma importancia para comprender el fenómeno. En ese sentido, el objetivo de la investigación fue analizar las actitudes hacia el aprendizaje y los conocimientos elementales de la estadística de estudiantes de la licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales; con base en los resultados, se seleccionó y utilizó una estrategia pedagógica pertinente que orientó el proceso de aprendizaje en la unidad de aprendizaje de Estadística. El método utilizado fue de tipo mixto, pues se aplicó una encuesta cuantitativa (con escala tipo Likert), así como un instrumento de preguntas abiertas (parte cualitativa). Luego, se aplicó una propuesta de intervención para el desarrollo de actitudes positivas de los estudiantes hacia la estadística. El análisis de la información cuantitativa fue con el paquete estadístico SPSS 21.0. y Excel. Las preguntas abiertas se analizaron con base en el método de codificación y clasificación. En cuanto a los participantes, se llevó a cabo un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia e intencional a alumnos de la Escuela Superior de Ciencias Ambientales de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero.
Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes que llevaron el curso de estadística con la estrategia pedagógica implementada aprenden más en clases, pues se promovió el aprendizaje autónomo. Además, reconocieron la estrategia implementada como una herramienta que puede articularse en el desarrollo de cualquier unidad de aprendizaje. Asimismo, se evidenció motivación en ellos para el desarrollo de actitudes positivas hacia el aprendizaje de la estadística. Este tipo de iniciativas pedagógicas favorecen el pensamiento reflexivo de las actitudes hacia las estadísticas y ayudan a promover la construcción de conocimientos para intervenir y resolver problemas. Como conclusión, podemos decir que, en general, la percepción de los estudiantes frente a este tipo de estrategia fue muy buena; sin embargo, se deben tomar en cuenta otros factores que surgen en el aula (cansancio, pereza, etc.) para mejorar la ejecución de la estrategia.
PENAMPILAN KETAHANAN ENAM VARIETAS KACANG TANAH TERHADAP PENGGEREK POLONG (ETIELLA ZINCKENELLA TRIETSCHKE) DI DATARAN TINGGI DAN DATARAN RENDAH BENGKULU
Authors: Apriyanto Dwinardi , Toha Burhannudin , Priyatiningsih Priyatiningsih , Suryati D. 
Published: January 2021

Resistance performance of six groundnut varieties to Soybean Pod Borer (Etiella zinckenella Treitschke) at high and low elevation in Bengkulu. Soybean pod borer (SPB), Etiella zinckenella Treitschke, often caused serious pod damage and reduced pod yield in several groundnut central in Bengkulu. Field trials were conducted in two locations, Air Dingin (Rejang Lebong, 900 m asl.) and Kuro Tidur (Bengkulu Utara, 200 m asl.) to evaluate resistance performance of groundnut varieties to SPB. Six varieties, Jerapah, Kacil, Bison, Pather, Singa dan Singa, were grown in Air Dingin. Five varieties ( as above but minus Sima) were grown in Kuro Tidur. Susceptible local variety was used as control. Varieties were arranged in plots in randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times, in 3 m x 5 m plots and 20 cm x 30 cm planting space. Dolomite was applied at doses of 0.333 ton ha-1 in Air Dingin and 3 ton ha-1 in Kuro Tidur. Plants were fertilized with N (Urea) - P (TSP) - K (KCl) at the nationally recommended doses (70 - 125 - 70 kg ha-1). Damaged pods and larval density were observed three times at 63, 77 and 93 day after sowing (SAW). Undamaged pods was weighted at harvest. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and LSD to separate varietal means. The results revealed that the numbers and percetages of damaged pods incresed with plant age. Four groundnut varieties (Kancil, Panther, Singa and Sima) suffered significantly less pod damage than local variety and the other two (Jerapah and Bison), and therefore they are more resistance than the last three. Regardless of varieties, pod damage was significantly higher in Kuro Tidur than that in Air Dingin. The weight of undamage pods of resistance varieties was significantly higher than that of local, but was not significantly difference from that of Bison and Jerapah, in Air Dingin. In contrast, there was no significant different undamage pod weight between all varieties in Kuro Tidur.
KETAHANAN ENAM KLON KARET TERHADAP INFEKSI CORYNESPORA CASSIICOLA PENYEBAB PENYAKIT GUGUR DAUN
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Fatma Fatma , Aminuddin M. Idrus 
Published: January 2021

Resistance of six rubber clones to Corynespora cassiicola the pathogen of rubber leaf fall disease. The objectives of the research was to evaluate the resistance of six rubber clones to Corynespora cassiicola, the pathogen of rubber leaf fall disease. The research was conducted at Phytophatology laboratorium and green house at the Plant Pest and Diseases Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, from March to July 2008. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with six treatments and four replications. Each replication consisted of four polibags of rubber plants. The clons tested were GT 1, PB 260, IRR 39, BPM 1, BPM 24 and PR 261. The results showed that IRR 39 was the most susceptible clon to C. cassiicola infection, whereas disease severety reach up to 98.45 % and leaf fall 73.95 %. Clon PB 260 show as the moderat resistance clon to the pathogen infection. The severity disease of this clon only 41.53 % and leaf fall 10.41%.
KERAGAMAN GENETIK, KEBUGARAN DAN INKOMPATIBILITAS REPRODUKSI Hemiptarsenus varicornis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), PARASITOID LARVA Liriomyza huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
Authors: Reflinaldon Reflinaldon , Buchori Damayanti , Aprianto Dwinardi 
Published: January 2021

Several experiments have been conducted to study genetic variation, fitness and reproductive incompatibility of H. varicornis from different geographic populations. Genetic variation from Pandai Sikek (PS), Alahan Panjang (AP) and Kayu Aro (KA) was analyzed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) technique and the similarity of genetics measured using NTSys program. The fitness of female wasps such as longevity, fecundity and preoviposition was observed and then compared among those populations. Incompatibility in reproduction was determined by accounting of reproductive compatibility (RC) index in crossing of intra and interpopulation both of PS and AP. The results showed high genetic variation of H. varicornis among population from Alahan Panjang, Pandai Sikek and Kayu Aro with similarity coefficient of 30 to 70%. The best fitness showed the female wasps from Kayu Aro that was significantly different (P= 0.00) in longevity (24.60 ± 6.4 days), fecundity (63.6 ± 28.6 eggs) and parasitization (53.60%) but not significantly different (P=0.07) in number of the first day eggs (1.1 ± 1.4 eggs). Crossing of AP and PS indicated incompatibility in reproduction among the population.
INDUKSI KETAHANAN TANAMAN JAHE TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU Ralstonia solanacearum RAS 4 MENGGUNAKAN FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR (FMA) INDIGENUS
Authors: Suharti Netty , Habazar Trimurti , Nasir Nasril , Dachryanus Dachryanus , Jamsari Jamsari 
Published: January 2021

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum race 4 is a yield-limiting disease of ginger. A study to investigate the ability of indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) to reduce bacteria wilt disease has been done. This research was designed by using Randomized Block Design (RBD) at greenhouse experiments, using eight AMF isolates with six replication. As supporting data, population R. solanacearum race 4 after treatments was assesed. The results showed that aplication of indigenous AMF to ginger rhizome as seed treatment dicreased disease incidence, support ginger growth and production such as the seedling formation 150%, plant height 98.6%, the number of leaf 115,7%. As the result yield of ginger rhizome increased by 400 % and phyloplan 598,3%, respectively, compared to the control.
EFEKTIVITAS CAISIN SEBAGAI TANAMAN PERANGKAP PATOGEN UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT AKAR GADA PADA KUBIS
Authors: Hadiwiyono Hadiwiyono , Sholahuddin Sholahuddin , Sulastri Endang 
Published: January 2021

he research was conducted by observation on 5 plot kinds of cabbage planting. The plots consist of control plot with no planting Chinese cabbage, plot with planting Chinese cabbage as rotation plant on 38 day before planting of cabbage followed by manual eradication, plot with planting Chinese cabbage as rotation plant on 38 day followed by flooding for 14 days and soil tillage, plot with mixcropping Chinese cabbage on the early growth stage of the cabbage, and plot with intercropping of Chinese cabbage on 14 days before planting the cabbage. The results showed that planting Chinese cabbage as trap crop of the pathogen followed by eradication of the infected Chinese cabbage effectively controlled clubroot intensity and significantly restored the partial yields of the cabbage.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBIOSIS PSEUDOMONADS PENDARFLUOR TERHADAP Rigidoporus lignosus (Klotszch) Imazeki PENYEBAB PENYAKIT AKAR PUTIH
Authors: Hasanuddin Hasanuddin 
Published: January 2021

The potential of fluorescent bacteria as biological control agents for white root disease caused by Rigidoporus lignosus has been investigated. Isolation of bacteria from the soil using S1 media produced two fluorescent bacteria isolates. Using the Microbact 12A+12B method, both bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. aeruginosa. These two species of bacteria were then used as antibiosis activity test against R. lignosus. Four series antibiosis activity tests were done, that were antibiosis test of media culture bacteria growth to R. lignosus colony, antibiosis test of dry fluorescent pigment extract to R. lignosus, influence of Fe3+ to antibiosis activity of bacteria test, and affinity of media supernatant to Fe3+. The results were: antibiosis activity of King’s B (KB) media was more effective than media 523 in the inhibition of R. lignosus colony growth. There was no significant different antibiosis activity of dry fluorescent pigment extract from media KB and media 523 in the inhibition of R. lignosus colony growth. The level of Fe3+ in the media might influence antibiosis activity of fluorescent pigment. Affinity test of KB supernatant from fluorescent bacteria culture with Fe3+ showed an absorption peak of 410 nm on spectrophotometer, and none for the fungi. These results indicate that P. fluorescens and P. aeruginosa produce cathecol-type siderophore with high affinity against Fe3+ compared with hydroxamate-type siderophore which is generally produced by fungus.
PREFERENSI DAN TANGGAP FUNGSIONAL PARASITOID HEMIPTARSENUS VARICORNIS (GIRAULT) (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) PADA LARVA LALAT PENGOROK DAUN KENTANG
Authors: Hidrayani Hidrayani , Rauf Aunu , Sosromarsono S. , Kartosuwondo U. 
Published: January 2021

The preference and functional response of Parasitoid Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault) (Hymenoptera:Eulophidae) on host larvae of potato leafminers. The preference of Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault) on host larvae of potato leafminers (Liriomyza huidobrensis) and their functional response on host abundance were studied in laboratory. The preference test was conducted by releasing a female parasitoid in a cage containing two redbean leaves, one with 2nd instar and another one with 3rd instar. The functional response test was conducted by providing 3rd instar with density 1, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 13 larvae per leaf. The result showed that H. varicornis had the preference on 3rd instar larvae compared to 2nd instar, either for parasitisation or paralysis. Based on logistic regression analysis it was found that the parasitoid showed type II functional response on the increase of host abundance. The searching rate (a) and handling time (Th) for paralysis were 0.038 and 1.473 based on disk equation model, and 0.076 and 2.060 on ramdom equation model. For parasitisation activity, the value of a and Th were 0.012 and 4.649 based on disk equation model, and 0.014 and 5.075 on random equation model.