bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Change in Communication Limitations in Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Utianski Rene L. , Martin Peter R. , Duffy Joseph R. , Botha Hugo , Clark Heather M. , Josephs Keith A. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose

Individuals with primary progressive apraxia of speech have apraxia of speech (AOS) as the initial and predominant symptom. Many develop aphasia and/or dysarthria later in the disease course. It was previously demonstrated that patients with neurodegenerative AOS experience reduced participation in communication that is further exacerbated by co-occurring language deficits (
Utianski et al., 2020
). Measures of disease severity did not necessarily correlate with measures of participation restrictions. The aim of this follow-up study was to describe changes in communication limitations in these patients, again measured by (a) the patient via the Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB) and (b) the speech-language pathologist via the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's (ASHA's) Functional Communication Measures (FCMs) and an adapted motor speech disorder (MSD) severity rating to determine if there are significant changes in these and other objective speech and language measures at follow-up after 1 year.

Method

Of the 24 patients reported in the study of
Utianski et al. (2020)
, 17 (10 men, seven women) returned for a second visit approximately 1 year following the first visit. Identical procedures were utilized; the communication measures collected at each visit were statistically compared. Correlations were calculated between the participation ratings and other clinical assessment measures at the second visit and for the change in scores on those measures between the first and second visits.

Results
There were statistically significant differences in AOS and aphasia severity between visits. There were significant changes in clinical assessments, MSD severity rating, and all ASHA FCMs between visits, but not the CPIB. Correlation analyses suggest the relationships among clinical and participation measures are complex; overall, patients with more severe changes in AOS experienced greater changes in participation restrictions.

Conclusions
The findings of this study support the use of patient-reported outcome measures as they may better reflect the patient experience, including the influence of factors such as ongoing speech therapy and the emergence of neuropsychiatric features, and associated changes in day-to-day functioning, when other measures may simply index the progression of the disease.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16528512
Core Outcome Set Use in Poststroke Aphasia Treatment Research: Examining Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation Using the Theoretical Domains Framework
Authors: Wallace Sarah J. , Sullivan Bridget , Rose Tanya A. , Worrall Linda , Le Dorze Guylaine , Shrubsole Kirstine 
Published: September 2021

PurposeA core outcome set (COS; an agreed minimum set of outcomes) was developed to address the heterogeneous measurement of outcomes in poststroke aphasia treatment research. Successful implementation of a COS requires change in individual and collective research behavior. We used the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to understand the factors influencing researchers' use and nonuse of the Research Outcome Measurement in Aphasia (ROMA) COS.MethodAphasia trialists and highly published treatment researchers were identified from the Cochrane review of speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke and through database searches. Participants completed a theory-informed online survey that explored factors influencing COS use. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis.ResultsSixty-four aphasia researchers from 13 countries participated. Most participants (81%) were aware of the ROMA COS, and participants identified more facilitators than barriers to its use. The TDF domain with the highest agreement (i.e., facilitator) was “knowledge” (84% agree/strongly agree). Participants had knowledge of the measures included in the ROMA COS, their associated benefits, and the existing recommendations. The TDF domains with the least agreement (i.e., barriers) were “reinforcement” (34% agree/strongly agree); “social influences” (41% agree/strongly agree); “memory, attention, and decision processes” (45% agree/strongly agree); and “behavioral regulation” (49% agree/strongly agree). Hence, participants identified a lack of external incentives, collegial encouragement, and monitoring systems as barriers to using the ROMA COS. The suitability and availability of individual measurement instruments, as well as burden associated with collecting the COS, were also identified as reasons for nonuse.ConclusionsOverall, participants were aware of the benefits of using the ROMA COS and believed that its implementation would improve research quality; however, incentives for routine implementation were reported to be lacking. Findings will guide future revisions of the ROMA COS and the development of theoretically informed implementation strategies.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16528524
Ultra‐short‐term irradiance forecasting model based on ground‐based cloud image and deep learning algorithm
Authors: Zhen Zhao , Zhang Xuemin , Mei Shengwei , Chang Xiqiang , Chai Hua , Yin Rui , Wang Fei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSolar irradiance is the main factor affecting the output of a photovoltaic (PV) power station, which is chiefly determined by the cloud distribution over the power station. For ultra‐short‐term, especially the intro‐hour time scale irradiance forecasting, ground‐based cloud image is considered as a very necessary data as Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI). However, the information content in the image is much higher than that of GHI record, and there is even a difference in magnitude between them. Therefore, how to effectively extract the key features in the cloud images and fuse them with GHI record data is the decisive factor affecting the performance of the forecasting model. Here, a novel convolutional auto‐encoder based cloud distribution feature (CDF) extraction method is first proposed. Then for feature fusion part, an LSTM‐FUSION irradiance forecasting model is established based on long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network and feature fusion by time steps considering the one‐to‐one correlation between CDFs and GHI. Finally, a novel determination method of input time step length based on attention distribution analysis is also proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed LSTM‐FUSION model is overall superior to the benchmark models.
Rapid in vitro evaluation of hemodynamic performances of customized handmade trileaflet‐valved conduits using Duffing–Holmes‐based self‐synchronization dynamic errors
Authors: Wang Jieh‐Neng , Chen Wei‐Ling , Kan Chung‐Dann , Pai Ching Chou , Lin Chia‐Hung , Wu Jian‐Xing , Pai Neng‐Sheng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractValvular heart diseases or chronic valvular dysfunctions are widely treated by percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) in cases requiring prosthetic pulmonary valve implantation and replacement. Commercial pulmonary valve stents (CPVS), sucas Epic™ valved stents or mechanical heart valves, are available to improve narrowed pulmonary valves or address problems of blood flow regurgitation in the right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit. However, these commercial valve stents have limited availability of different sizes and diameters. Currently, the customized handmade trileaflet‐valved conduit (HTVC) is a novel surgical strategy being used in young adults and children. The HTVC can be designed witdifferent optimal parameters and can be reconstructed as expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE)‐valved conduits for PPVI clinical applications. To verify the availability and durability of the HTVC, we validated its hemodynamic and functional performances using a mock circulation system in an in vitro study. At different heart rates and blood flows, we used the forward stroke flow (systolic period) and regurgitation flow (diastolic period) to calculate the pulmonary regurgitation fraction (RF) and ejection efficiency (EE) to evaluate the HTVC performances. We also observed its dynamic behaviours using an endoscopic camera in a pulsatile experimental setting. In addition, we used a Duffing–Holmes‐based chaotic synchronization system to track the trajectories of pulmonary artery pressure waveforms of the HTVC and CPVS, whiccan synchronously obtain the dynamic self‐synchronization errors for quantifying the HTVC's performance. Througin vitro laboratory experiments, the comprehensive dynamic errors were found to be positively correlated witthe RFs and EEs. The experimental results indicate that the results obtained by the HTVC are promising, including a decrease in the RF and an increase in the EE, as compared witCPVSs. Therefore, the dynamic errors can be used to obtain rapid quantitative indications of the performance quality of HTVCs under different hemodynamic conditions for RV‐PA reconstruction.
Mass–effective temperature–surface gravity relation for intermediate-mass main-sequence stars
Authors: Kılıçoğlu T. 
Published: September 2021

Context. In this work a mass–effective temperature–surface gravity relation (MTGR) is developed for main-sequence stars in the range 6400 K ≤ Teff ≤ 20 000 K with log g ≳ 3.44. The MTGR allows the simple estimation of the masses of stars from their effective temperatures and surface gravities. It can be used for solar metallicity and can be rescaled for any metallicity within −1.0 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ 0.7. The effect of α-enhanced compositions can also be considered with the help of correction terms.
Aims. It is aimed to develop an MTGR that can estimate the masses of main-sequence stars from their atmospheric parameters. One advantage of an MTGR over the classical mass–luminosity relations is that its mass estimation is based on parameters that can be obtained by purely spectroscopic methods, and, therefore, the interstellar extinction or reddening do not have to be known. The use of surface gravity (g) also relates an MTGR with stellar evolution and provides a more reliable mass estimation.
Methods. A synthetical MTGR is obtained from theoretical isochrones using a Levenberg-Marquardt χ2 minimization algorithm. The validity of the MTGR is then checked by testing over 278 binary components with precise absolute masses.
Results. Very good agreement has been obtained between the absolute masses of 278 binary star components and their masses estimated from the MTGR. A mathematical expression is also given to calculate the propagated uncertainties of the MTGR masses.
Conclusions. For the typical uncertainties in atmospheric parameters and metallicity (i.e., ±2.8% for Teff, ±0.1 dex for log g and ±0.15 dex for [Fe/H]) the typical uncertainties in the masses estimated from the MTGR mostly remain around 5–9%. The fact that this uncertainty level is only on average about three times as large as that of the absolute masses indicates that the MTGR is a very powerful tool for stellar mass estimation. A computer code, mtgr.pro, written in GDL or IDL is also provided for the relation.
Multiband nonthermal radiative model of pulsar wind nebulae: Study of the effects of advection and diffusion
Authors: Zhu Bo-Tao , Lu Fang-Wu , Zhou Bing , Zhang Li 
Published: September 2021

Aims. Nonthermal radiation properties of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are studied in the frame of a time-dependent model with particle advection and diffusion.
Methods. The dynamical and radiative evolution of a PWN was self-consistently solved in the model. The time-dependent lepton (electrons and positrons) equation is described by particle injection, advection, diffusion, adiabatic loss, and radiative loss. Nonthermal emission from a PWN is mainly produced by the relativistic leptons through synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton process.
Results. The effect of particle transport including advection and diffusion was analyzed, showing that the particle transport process induces a decrease in the nebula flux, and that the total flux decreases with the increase in advection velocity and diffusion coefficient. Meanwhile, the particle transport processes may play an important role in modifying the spectrum of the emitted radiation at X-ray and TeV wavelengths, but only have slightly effects in radio and GeV bands. We applied our model to the three PWNe Crab nebula, 3C 58, and G54.1+0.3, and observed that the spectral energy distributions of photon emissions from the three PWNe are reproduced well. Our results indicate that (i) the particle cooling processes are dominated by adiabatic loss in lower-energy bands and synchrotron loss dominates for the higher-energy particles; and (ii) the particle transport processes are advection dominated, and a slow diffusion may occur within the Crab nebula, 3C 58, and G54.1+0.3.
The HD 98800 quadruple pre-main sequence system
Authors: Zúñiga-Fernández S. , Olofsson J. , Bayo A. , Haubois X. , Corral-Santana J. M. , Lopera-Mejía A. , Ronco M. P. , Tokovinin A. , Gallenne A. , Kennedy G. M. , Berger J.-P. 
Published: September 2021

Context.HD 98800 is a young (∼10 Myr old) and nearby (∼45 pc) quadruple system, composed of two spectroscopic binaries orbiting around each other (AaAb and BaBb), with a gas-rich disk in polar configuration around BaBb. While the orbital parameters of BaBb and AB are relatively well constrained, this is not the case for AaAb. A full characterisation of this quadruple system can provide insights on the formation of such a complex system.Aims.The goal of this work is to determine the orbit of the AaAb subsystem and refine the orbital solution of BaBb using multi-epoch interferometric observations with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer PIONIER and radial velocities.Methods.The PIONIER observations provide relative astrometric positions and flux ratios for both AaAa and BaBb subsystems. Combining the astrometric points with radial velocity measurements, we determine the orbital parameters of both subsystems.Results.We refined the orbital solution of BaBb and derived, for the first time, the full orbital solution of AaAb. We confirmed the polar configuration of the circumbinary disk around BaBb. From our solutions, we also inferred the dynamical masses of AaAb (MAa = 0.93 ± 0.09 andMAb = 0.29 ± 0.02 M⊙). We also revisited the parameters of the AB outer orbit.Conclusions.The orbital parameters are relevant to test the long-term stability of the system and to evaluate possible formation scenarios of HD 98800. Using the N-body simulation, we show that the system should be dynamically stable over thousands of orbital periods and that it made preliminary predictions for the transit of the disk in front of AaAb which is estimated to start around 2026. We discuss the lack of a disk around AaAb, which can be explained by the larger X-ray luminosity of AaAb, promoting faster photo-evaporation of the disk. High-resolution infrared spectroscopic observations would provide radial velocities of Aa and Ab (blended lines in contemporary observations), which would allow us to calculate the dynamical masses of Aa and Ab independently of the parallax of BaBb. Further monitoring of other hierarchical systems will improve our understanding of the formation and dynamical evolution of these kinds of systems.
Zusammenhang von biologischer Reife, Körperkonstitution und körperlicher Fitness und der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer bei Elite-Nachwuchsruderinnen
Authors: Thiele Dirk , Prieske Olaf , Gäbler Martijn , Granacher Urs 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Prädiktoren ruderspezifischer Leistungen wurden bislang im Nachwuchsleistungsrudersport nur unzureichend analysiert. Entsprechend war es das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie, Zusammenhänge zwischen der biologischen Reife, der Körperkonstitution sowie der körperlichen Fitness und der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer bei Elite-Nachwuchsathletinnen zu untersuchen sowie Prognosen zur Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer aus diesen Parametern abzuleiten.
Methode Insgesamt nahmen 26 Elite-Nachwuchsruderinnen im Alter von 13,1 ± 0,5 Jahren (Abstand zum maximalen Wachstumsspurt: 2,2 ± 0,5 Jahre; mittlerer Trainingsumfang: 10 Stunden/Woche) an der Studie teil. Im Rahmen von Leistungsüberprüfungen im März 2016/2017 wurden Parameter der biologischen Reife (Abstand zum geschätzten Zeitpunkt des Wachstumsspurts), der Körperkonstitution (Körperhöhe/-masse, Mager-/Körperfettmasse), der Maximalkraft (Einer-Wiederholungsmaximum (EWM) Bankziehen, Beinpresse, isometrische Handkraft), der Schnellkraft (Hockstrecksprung), der Kraftausdauer (Bourban-Rumpfkraftausdauertest), des dynamischen Gleichgewichts (Y-Balance-Test) und der Richtungswechselschnelligkeit (Multistage Shuttle Run) sowie der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer über 700 m erfasst. Lineare Regressionsanalysen wurden für die Modelle (1) biologische Reife, (2) biologische Reife und Körperkonstitution sowie (3) biologische Reife, Körperkonstitution und körperliche Fitness durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Die statistische Analyse zeigte signifikante (p≤ 0,01) mittlere bis hohe Korrelationskoeffizienten (0,57 ≤r≤ 0,8) zwischen der biologischen Reife, Kennwerten der Körperkonstitution (Körperhöhe/-masse, Magermasse), der Maximalkraft (EWM Bankziehen, isometrische Handkraft) sowie der Kraftausdauer (Bourban-Rumpfkraftausdauertest) mit der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer. Die lineare Regressionsanalyse identifizierte für das Modell 3 mit den Prädiktoren Körperkonstitution (Magermasse) und Kraftausdauer (Bourban-Rumpfkraftausdauertest) die beste Aufklärung für den 700m-Ruderergometertest (R² = 0,94; Akaike-Informationskriterium (AIC) = 82,1). Die Varianzaufklärung war größer als bei Modell 1 (R² = 0,60; AIC = 131,5) und Modell 2 (R² = 0,63; AIC = 111,6).
Schlussfolgerungen Aufgrund der vorliegenden Ergebnisse wird Trainern im Nachwuchsrudersport empfohlen, ausgewählte Merkmale der biologischen Reife, Körperkonstitution sowie der körperlichen Fitness (Maximalkraft, Kraftausdauer) für die Talententwicklung zu berücksichtigen, da diese besonders hoch mit der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer assoziiert sind.
An Explanation of Ultradilution and Potentization in Homeopathy
Authors: Allan Norman 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis thesis attempts to explain the phenomena of ultradilution and homeopathic potentization with an anecdotal account of a biotinylated dot-blot demonstration of ultradilution brought to the attention of the Pomeranz laboratory, University of Toronto, in 1989. It is argued that the dot-blots are not only data but that they are also an expression of ultradilution itself. Moreover, it is considered that ultradilution and homeopathic potentization can be explained by: (1) Poincaré's recurrence (the disappearance and return of the signal); (2) succussion, resonance and amplification (preservation of the signal); (3) quantum coherence domains (the nature of the signals); and (4) generation of harmonics (the transformation of the signal).
Clinical Study on Different Delivery Methods of Twin Pregnancy
Authors: Hu Liyan 
Published: September 2021

Objective To investigate the effect of different methods of delivery on the outcome of twin pregnancies.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort review of 627 twin pregnancies with delivery from January 2016 to December 2019. According to the clinical guidelines for cesarean section, the cesarean section and vaginal delivery groups were determined. Finally, the baseline information, delivery method, pregnancy outcome, and maternal and infant complications of the two groups were compared.
Results For different delivery methods, the incidence of preeclampsia was significantly higher in the cesarean section group than in the vaginal delivery group (X
2 = 4.405, p < 0.05). There were 23 fetal growth ratios (FGR) in the cesarean section group, which were significantly higher than the vaginal delivery group (X
2 = 4.740, p < 0.05). However, the incidence of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) in the vaginal delivery group was significantly higher than in the cesarean section group (X
2 = 5.235, p < 0.05). In addition, the volume of postpartum bleeding in the vaginal delivery group was significantly higher than in the cesarean section group (t = 4.723, p < 0.001). The neonatal weights and 5-minute Apgar scores of the vaginal delivery group were lower than the cesarean section group, and the difference was statistically significant. In the vaginal delivery group, 48 and 26 neonates were transferred to the intensive care and neonatal units, respectively, which were significantly higher than in the cesarean section group (X
2 = 5.001, p < 0.05).
Conclusion The major complications of a twin pregnancy are gestational diabetes mellitus and PPROM. Cesarean section can reduce the rate of neonatal asphyxia in twins and improve the pregnancy outcome.
Key Points
The Use of Gadolinium in Musculoskeletal MRI—Time to Rethink?
Authors: Elawad Arwa , Shah Amit , Davies Mark , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging has continued to evolve over the recent decades, in part, due to the evolution of gadolinium-based contrast agents and their use. These were initially thought to have a relatively low-risk profile. However, there is mounting evidence that trace amounts of gadolinium are retained within the body. To ascertain the current use of gadolinium in medical practice, we performed a survey of musculoskeletal radiologists, within the United Kingdom, Europe and India. The survey demonstrated varied practices amongst all radiologists with relatively indiscriminate use of gadolinium. In this review, we discuss the current evidence for and against the use of gadolinium in musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging.
Imaging in Carcinoma Cervix and Revised 2018 FIGO Staging System: Implications in Radiology Reporting
Authors: Dhamija Ekta , Gulati Malvika , Manchanda Smita , Singhal Seema , Sharma Dayanand , Kumar Sunesh , Bhatla Neerja 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system of carcinoma cervix saw a radical change in 2018 with the inclusion of cross-sectional imaging tools for the assessment of disease extent and staging. One of the major revisions is the inclusion of lymph node status, detected either on imaging or pathological evaluation, in the staging system. The changes were based on long-term patient follow-up and survival rates reported in literature. Thus, it becomes imperative for a radiologist to be well versed with the recent staging system, its limitations, and implications on the patient management.