bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the French version of the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test—Revised and comparison with the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test for screening cannabis use disorder in a psychiatric sample
Authors: Luquiens Amandine , Berger‐Viergat Aurélie , Larrieu Agathe , Artigaud Laura , Fener Clémentine , Adamson Simon , Laprévote Vincent , Rolland Benjamin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionSeveral questionnaires have been developed for screening cannabis use disorder in clinical populations, but very few studies have compared the screening abilities of the different instruments. Here, we aimed to confirm the psychometric properties of a French version of the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test—Revised (CUDIT‐R), and to compare its screening abilities with those of the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST), in subjects consulting in mental health settings.MethodsTwo hundred and thirteen cannabis smokers who sought treatment for any type of mental disorder, recruited in four French centres, completed the French CUDIT‐R (CUDIT‐R‐Fr) and the full version of the CAST, and were assessed for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria of cannabis use disorder by an addiction specialist. They were retested with the CUDIT‐R‐Fr after approximately a week. The factorial construct validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the CUDIT‐R‐Fr were assessed. The compared sensitivity and specificity of the CAST and CUDIT‐R‐Fr were explored, using the clinician assessment as the reference.ResultsThe French CUDIT‐R showed a good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89) and an excellent test–retest reliability (ρ = 0.97). The sensitivity and specificity for screening cannabis use disorder were 0.81 and 0.77 for the CUDIT‐R, and 0.92 and 0.63 for the CAST, respectively.ConclusionsBased on the recommended cut‐offs, the CAST appeared more sensitive, while the CUDIT‐R was more specific, for screening cannabis use disorder in a population of cannabis users with heterogeneous types of mental health disorders.
World language programming and leadership in K–12 Massachusetts public schools
Authors: Ritz Catherine , Sherf Nicole 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis large‐scale study used a survey to collect data on K–12 world language programming in Massachusetts public schools. Building off work by Pufahl and Rhodes (2011), this study focused on world language programs, program types, and languages offered, as well as student exclusion, program leadership, and the Seal of Biliteracy. The study resulted in 188 districts represented in the final data set, which was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results indicate comparable findings to national data in terms of program and language offerings, with shifts in program type. Data further revealed patterns of student exclusion and trends in offering the Seal of Biliteracy. Although programs are most often led by a world language specialist, school principals are more likely responsible for teacher evaluation. Survey data were collected at the beginning of school closures due to COVID‐19, capturing a picture of K–12 world language education and a point of comparison for future research.
Living on the edge: A continental‐scale assessment of forest vulnerability to drought
Authors: Peters Jennifer M. R. , López Rosana , Nolf Markus , Hutley Lindsay B. , Wardlaw Tim , Cernusak Lucas A. , Choat Brendan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGlobally, forests are facing an increasing risk of mass tree mortality events associated with extreme droughts and higher temperatures. Hydraulic dysfunction is considered a key mechanism of drought‐triggered dieback. By leveraging the climate breadth of the Australian landscape and a national network of research sites (Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network), we conducted a continental‐scale study of physiological and hydraulic traits of 33 native tree species from contrasting environments to disentangle the complexities of plant response to drought across communities. We found strong relationships between key plant hydraulic traits and site aridity. Leaf turgor loss point and xylem embolism resistance were correlated with minimum water potential experienced by each species. Across the data set, there was a strong coordination between hydraulic traits, including those linked to hydraulic safety, stomatal regulation and the cost of carbon investment into woody tissue. These results illustrate that aridity has acted as a strong selective pressure, shaping hydraulic traits of tree species across the Australian landscape. Hydraulic safety margins were constrained across sites, with species from wetter sites tending to have smaller safety margin compared with species at drier sites, suggesting trees are operating close to their hydraulic thresholds and forest biomes across the spectrum may be susceptible to shifts in climate that result in the intensification of drought.
STANDING OUTSIDE ONESELF: TRANSGENDER GAZING IN ANTJE RÁVIK STRUBEL'S KÄLTERE SCHICHTEN DER LUFT (2007) AND IN DEN WÄLDERN DES MENSCHLICHEN HERZENS (2016)
Authors: Sutton Katie 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTExpanding upon early feminist discussions of the ‘male gaze’ of classic Hollywood cinema, scholars have theorised the multiple modalities of a ‘transgender look’ or ‘gaze’. This involves considering trans(*) or transgender perspectives not just in terms of identity, but as a way of seeing that refuses to privilege the real over the figurative, and that can enable characters to envisage alternative futures. This article draws on discussions of trans and queer gazing, embodiment and temporality, to argue for a trans reading of Antje Rávik Strubel's 2007 novel Kältere Schichten der Luft, set in a canoeing camp in Sweden, and her 2016 episodic novel In den Wäldern des menschlichen Herzens. It argues that the transgender gaze is cultivated as a space of both refuge and possibility for the protagonists of these two works, with the later novel pushing beyond the temporary glimpses of queer and trans utopias in Kältere Schichten toward more permanent, although never fixed, representations of trans embodiment. These works invite readers to look with rather than at trans and genderqueer characters. In doing so, they renegotiate understandings of pasts and futures, embodiments and desires.
A Review of Recent Vapor Intrusion Modeling Work
Authors: Verginelli Iason , Yao Yijun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper reviews vapor intrusion modeling studies published in the last decade (2010–2020). Compared to research carried out in the late 1990s and the early 2000s that was mainly focused on basic vapor transport phenomena and attenuation in the subsurface, the topics addressed in recent years focused on more complex scenarios, including the blocking effect of building footprint and surface pavements, soil and source heterogeneity, the role of capillary fringe, weather conditions such as rain, indoor–outdoor pressure differences, and temperature, building features, screening distances, and building pressure cycling. A brief description of these models and the main findings are reported in this paper. Generally, recent modeling works give more care about the influence of natural factors, which are relatively easy to be quantified and included in the model. Much less attention was given to factors involving human activities, such as preferential pathways, indoor environment structure, and background sources. The latter, however, may play a key role in determining the exposure to people of concern at sites contaminated by volatile contaminants. Thus, future modeling studies should be oriented to address these issues.
Dissolved Hydrogen Dynamics Associated with Emulsified Vegetable Oil Bioremediation of Chloroethenes
Authors: Chapelle PhD Francis H. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEmulsified vegetable oil (EVO) is widely used as a fermentable substrate to enhance the reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes (CEs) in groundwater systems. The fermentation of EVO by naturally occurring bacteria produces molecular hydrogen (H2) which acts as an electron donor driving microbially mediated reductive dechlorination. While dissolved H2 drives much of the dechlorination associated with CE bioremediation, the dynamics of H2 production and consumption associated with EVO addition to groundwater systems is seldom documented. The present study shows how H2 concentrations changed over a 4‐year period following EVO addition to a sandy coastal plain aquifer underlying Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida, USA. Prior to EVO addition, H2 concentrations at the site were in the range characteristic of Fe(III)‐reducing conditions (0.2–0.6 nM). Following EVO addition, H2 concentrations increased exponentially, peaking at approximately 25,000 nM. Hydrogen concentrations then began decreasing exponentially, and by 4 years after EVO addition had stabilized at 4.0 nM. That pattern suggests symbiotic cross‐feeding between fermentative and respirative microbial populations resulting in a Gaussian rise and fall of H2 concentrations. That, in turn, suggests while EVO biostimulation can temporarily increase H2 concentrations to very high levels, those higher concentrations are unlikely to be sustained indefinitely.
The experiences of nurses and midwives who provide surgical abortion care: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Qian Jia‐lu , Pan Pang‐e , Wu Meng‐wei , Zheng Qiong , Sun Shi‐wen , Liu Lu , Sun Ya‐ping , Yu Xiao‐yan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimTo synthesize qualitative evidence on nurses' and midwives' experiences in the provision of surgical abortion care. We address three specific questions: (a) what are the experiences of nurses and midwives in surgical abortion care? (b) what are their responses and coping strategies? (c) what are the deficiencies in surgical abortion care?DesignQualitative studies were synthesized using Thomas and Harden's qualitative thematic synthesis method.Data sourcesElectronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science were searched. Grey literature using ProQuest was searched. The databases were searched from inception to 5 August 2020.Review methodsThe SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation and Research type) search tool was used in the literature search. Data synthesis was conducted using the three‐stage thematic synthesis method described by Thomas and Harden.Results966 studies were identified in the initial search and 18 studies were included. Four analytical themes were generated: ‘Providing abortion care requires high emotional labour’; ‘Professionalism of abortion care providers’; ‘Initiatives in professional development’ and ‘Improving directions for high‐quality abortion care’.ConclusionNurses and midwives indicated that they require support to enhance psychological health and improve professional skills. Hospital managers should organize regular debriefing or structured group workshops for exchange of practical experiences and strengthening emotional support. More research is required to establish comprehensive training related to abortion care for nurses and midwives. The findings demonstrate that optimization of abortion services should start from hospital management models, pain management and bereavement care.ImpactUnderstanding the experiences of nurses and midwives in abortion provision will inform future clinical practice in surgical abortion care, which would be helpful in improving the professionalism and confidence of abortion providers. Our findings have implications for the training, development of policies and standards for surgical abortion care for nurses and midwives.
The structure of student engagement in online learning: A bi‐factor exploratory structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Hoi Vo Ngoc , Le Hang Ho 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEnhancing student engagement plays a critical role in reducing student drop‐out rate in online learning as students usually feel isolated and disconnected in this learning environment. This requires a clear conceptualization of the student engagement construct and its underlying structure. However, the conceptual understanding of the student engagement construct has long been impeded by the inconsistency in its multidimensional structure and the conceptual ambiguity among its components. This study aims to examine the underlying structure of student engagement in online learning based on the bi‐factor exploratory structure equation modelling framework (B‐ESEM). Four competing models representing the underlying structure of student engagement in online learning were compared based on their degree of fit to survey data from 363 students in an online undergraduate program. Students' responses to the online learning engagement questionnaire were best represented by a B‐ESEM model that provided simultaneous assessment of a global engagement factor and specific factors of behavioural, cognitive, affective and social engagement while controlling for item cross‐loadings. However, behavioural engagement only retained limited specificity once the global engagement factor was taken into account. The study findings offer a solution to reconcile the inconsistency in the multidimensional structure of student engagement and reduce the conceptual ambiguity among its components, thus contribute to better measuring student engagement in online learning.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities in China
Authors: Yuan Y. Q. , Liu Y. , Wang M. J. , Hou X. , Zhang S. H. , Wang X. L. , Han Y. N. , Sang P. , Bian Y. , Roswal G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundOverweight and obesity in children and adolescents has become a worldwide epidemic. There are several studies that have concentrated on the prevalence rate of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID), whereas data on such a population on the mainland of China remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity among school‐aged children and adolescents with ID on China's mainland.MethodsThis study employed a cross‐sectional design to examine the body weight status of 1873 children and adolescents (ages 6–18 years old) with ID in 35 special education schools. Body mass index was calculated, and the concepts of overweight and obesity were defined according to the standard of the Working Group for Obesity in China.ResultsData indicated that 18.2% (95% CI: 16.5%–20.0%) of children and adolescents with ID were overweight and 14.4% (95% CI: 12.8%–16.0%) were obese. Boys with ID were more likely to be overweight than girls with ID (OR = 1.48[95% CI: 1.13–1.94], P < 0.05). Children and adolescents with Down syndrome or autism spectrum disorder had a trend to be classified as overweight (OR = 1.76[95% CI: 1.22–2.54], P < 0.05; OR = 1.57[95% CI: 1.17–2.09], P < 0.05, respectively) or obesity (OR = 1.82[95% CI: 1.23–2.69], P < 0.05; OR = 1.40 [95% CI: 1.02–1.93], P < 0.05, respectively) compared with those with ID without these conditions. Moreover, children and teenagers with ID living in urban areas had a predisposition to be overweight (OR = 2.16[95% CI: 1.14–4.09], P < 0.05) or obese (OR = 3.25[95% CI: 1.41–7.50], P < 0.05) relative to those who lived in rural areas.ConclusionResults indicated that in China, the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity among school‐aged children and adolescents with ID was remarkably high. Therefore, future research should make every effort to focus on reducing and preventing overweight and obesity of this population in China.
Identification of peripheral oxytocin‐expressing cells using systemically applied cell‐type specific adeno‐associated viral vector
Authors: Paiva Luis , Lozic Maja , Allchorne Andrew , Grinevich Valery , Ludwig Mike 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOxytocin is primarily synthesised in the brain and is widely known for its role in lactation and parturition after being released into the blood from the posterior pituitary gland. Nevertheless, peripheral tissues have also been reported to express oxytocin. Using systemic injection of a recombinant adeno‐associated virus vector, we investigated the expression of the green fluorescent protein Venus under the control of the oxytocin promoter in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and testes of adult rats. Here, we confirm that the vector infects oxytocin neurones of the enteric nervous system in ganglia of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses. Venus was detected in 25%‐60% of the ganglia in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses identified by co‐staining with the neuronal marker PGP9.5. Oxytocin expression was also detected in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and the Leydig cells of the testes. Our data illustrate that peripheral administration of the viral vector represents a powerful method for selectively labelling oxytocin‐producing cells outside the brain.
Microtektites and glassy cosmic spherules from new sites in the Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica
Authors: Brase Lauren E. , Harvey Ralph , Folco Luigi , Suttle Martin D. , McIntosh E. Carrie , Day James M. D. , Corrigan Catherine M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe report on the geochemical analyses of glassy spherules from sediments at three Transantarctic Mountain locations and the discovery of Australasian microtektites at two of these sites. Australasian microtektites are present at Mt. Raymond (RY) in the Grosvenor Mountains and Meteorite Moraine (MM) at Walcott Névé, in the Beardmore Glacier region of Antarctica. The microtektites were identified based on their pale yellow appearance, the high concentrations of silica (SiO2 = 60 ± 7 wt%) and alumina (Al2O3 = 23 ± 4 wt%), and a K2O/Na2O > 1, which are all characteristics of microtektites and distinct from spherules of meteoritic origin. Additionally, trace element patterns for these microtektites match the upper continental crust compositions with enrichments in refractory elements and depletions in volatile elements, most likely as a result of melting and vaporization of source material. The presence of Australasian microtektites in RY sediment confirms the recent Australasian strewn field extension to Antarctica and the presence of highly volatile depleted microtektites. In addition to microtektites, thousands of chondritic spherules and a few unique differentiated cosmic spherules were identified in RY, MM, and Jacobs Nunatak sediments. Two unique spherules were calculated to have Fe/Mn ratios similar to micrometeorites assumed to be derived from Vesta (Fe/Mn 33.2 ± 0.5 atom%) and two other unique spherules are extremely rich in refractory components (Al2O3 ~ 30% and TiO2 = ~2%). The three sites examined are evidently successful cosmic dust and impact debris collectors, and thus are useful traps for recording and examining the nature of influx events.
Similarity learning to enable building searches in post‐event image data
Authors: Choi Jongseong , Park Ju An , Dyke Shirley J. , Yeum Chul Min , Liu Xiaoyu , Lenjani Ali , Bilionis Ilias 
Published: April 2021

AbstractReconnaissance teams collect perishable data after each disaster to learn about building performance. However, often these large image sets are not adequately curated, nor do they have sufficient metadata (e.g., GPS), hindering any chance to identify images from the same building when collected by different reconnaissance teams. In this study, Siamese convolutional neural networks (S‐CNN) are implemented and repurposed to establish a building search capability suitable for post‐disaster imagery. This method can automatically rank and retrieve corresponding building images in response to a single query using an image. In the demonstration, we utilize real‐world images collected from 174 reinforced‐concrete buildings affected by the 2016 Southern Taiwan and the 2017 Pohang (South Korea) earthquake events. A quantitative performance evaluation is conducted by examining two metrics introduced for this application: Similarity Score (SS) and Similarity Rank (SR).
The process of mourning in Anne Enright’s The Gathering
Authors: Li Lianghui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAnne Enright’s writing evinces a nuanced sensitivity to words which nourishes a tension between the realist style and a strong self‐consciousness. This is evident in The Gathering, in which the seemingly chronological occurrences weave out a dynamic pattern of narrative time. Examining Veronica’s experimentation with tense, I argue that the ongoing writing aligns with her progressive mourning. Specifically, her reconfiguration of memories in the past reveals her temporal perspectives in the present, which sheds light upon her struggle to come to terms with Liam’s death. While Liam’s ghost exposes Veronica’s wish to prolong his presence, his last journey arranged in the present tense is her reenactment of his death. Veronica’s imagination of the inaccessible past and the disruption of retrospective narration suggest an overall strategy of presentification to counter the afterwardness of her belated writing. In addition, a series of changes in Veronica’s attitudes towards sex and motherhood attest to her progress in mourning, even though mourning for one’s loss is an unsolvable issue. The temporal self‐reflexivity in The Gathering, exhibited in Veronica’s manipulation of tenses and temporal perspectives, not only aligns with the Irish women writers’ battle against the amnesia imposed by the state and the church but also echoes the postmodern challenge of authenticity.
Early responses to salt stress in quinoa genotypes with opposite behavior
Authors: Vita Federico , Ghignone Stefano , Bazihizina Nadia , Rasouli Fatemeh , Sabbatini Leonardo , Kiani‐Pouya Ali , Kiferle Claudia , Shabala Sergey , Balestrini Raffaella , Mancuso Stefano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSoil salinity is among the major abiotic stresses that plants must cope with, mainly in arid and semiarid regions. The tolerance to high salinity is an important agronomic trait to sustain food production. Quinoa is a halophytic annual pseudo‐cereal species with high nutritional value that can secrete salt out of young leaves in external non‐glandular cells called epidermal bladder cells (EBC). Previous work showed high salt tolerance, but low EBC density was associated with an improved response in the early phases of salinity stress, mediated by tissue‐tolerance traits mainly in roots. We compared the transcript profiling of two quinoa genotypes with contrasting salt tolerance patterning to identify the candidate genes involved in the differentially early response among genotypes. The transcriptome profiling, supported by in vitro physiological analyses, provided insights into the early‐stage molecular mechanisms, both at the shoot and root level, based on the sensitive/tolerance traits. Results showed the presence of numerous differentially expressed genes among genotypes, tissues, and treatments, with genes involved in hormonal and stress response upregulated mainly in the sensitive genotype, suggesting that tolerance may be correlated to restricted changes in gene expression, at least after a short salt stress. These data, showing constitutive differences between the two genotypes, represent a solid basis for further studies to characterize the salt tolerance traits. Additionally, new information provided by this work might be useful for the development of plant breeding or genome engineering programs in quinoa.