bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tract Profiles of The Cerebellar Peduncles In Children Who Stutter
Authors: Johnson Chelsea , Liu Yanni , Waller Noah , Chang Soo-Eun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cerebellar-cortical loops comprise critical neural circuitry that supports self-initiated movements and motor adjustments in response to perceived errors, functions that are affected in stuttering. It is unknown whether structural aspects of cerebellar circuitry are affected in stuttering, in particular in children close to symptom onset. Here we examined white matter diffusivity characteristics of the three cerebellar peduncles (CP) based on diffusion MRI (dMRI) data collected from 41 children who stutter (CWS) and 42 controls in the 3-11 year range. We hypothesized that CWS would exhibit decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right CPs given the contralateral connectivity of the cerebellar-cortical loops and past reports of structural differences in left cortical areas in stuttering speakers. Automatic Fiber Quantification (AFQ) was used to track and segment cerebellar white matter pathways and to extract diffusivity measures. We found significant group differences for FA in the right Inferior CP (ICP) only: controls showed significantly higher FA in the right ventral ICP compared to CWS, controlling for age, sex, and verbal IQ. Furthermore, FA of right ICP was negatively correlated with stuttering frequency in CWS. These results suggest an early developmental difference in the right ICP for CWS compared to age-matched peers, which may indicate an alteration in error processing, a function previously linked to the ICP. Lower FA here may impact error monitoring and sensory input processing to guide motor corrections. Further longitudinal investigations in children may provide additional insights into how CP development links to stuttering persistence and recovery.
Prevalence of Childhood Adversities Among Inpatients With Mental Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study At Neuropsychiatric Referral Hospital in Rwanda
Authors: NYIRIMANA Vianney , RUTAKAYILE Bizoza , MUDENGE Charles , MUSAFILI Aimable , CASSADY Cindi , YUBAHWE Janvier 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The world is dealing with a significant socio-economic burden that must be addressed to secure a favourable future.To figure out this problem, there is an urgent need of healthy and well educated adult population to participate effectively in global economy.Indeed, childhood experiences may affect adult health outcome.Responsive caregiving during childhood is associated with good physical and mental health.On the other hand,a strong link was established between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and poor adult physical and mental health outcomes.This study assessed the prevalence of ACEs among adult patients with mental disorders admitted to the post-crisis wards at Caraes Ndera Neuropsychiatric Hospital in Kigali, Rwanda.
Methodology :
This research was developed as a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved a total of 122 patients aged 18 to 64 years.A convenience sampling was used to collect data using the the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Data was analyzed in terms of frequencies and percentages using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 21.0).
Results
Initially, 159 participants were invited to join the study, 122 (77%) met the inclusion criteria and voluntarily consented to participate. Of the 122 participants, 43.4% were female, 61% were youth, 67.2% had primary school as the highest level of education and 29.5% did not work during the last 12 months. Having separated/divorced or deceased parents was the most frequent ACE item with 64.8% of participants responding affirmatively. Nearly all (98.4%) participants had at least one ACE and 77.9% had at least 4 ACEs.
Conclusions
This study on ACEs in Rwandan adults with mental disorders revealed that 98.4% had at least one ACE and almost 80% of the 122 participants had at least 4 ACEs.The findings indicate that there is a significant need to implement interventions necessary for the prevention of ACEs. Such interventions are necessary to mitigate negative effects of ACEs on child development, to increase children’s resiliency and to improve future adult physical and mental health outcomes.
Association Between Age at Menarche and Metabolic Syndrome in Southwest Iran: A Population-Based Case Control Study
Authors: Cheraghian Bahman , Saki Nader , Rahimi Zahra , Sarvandian Sara , Hashemi Seyed Jalal , kaabi Jamileh , Malehi Amal Saki , Shahriari Arman , Nasehi Nahal 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Age at menarche (AAM) affects women's health outcomes and could be a risk factor for some diseases such as Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). We assessed the association between age at menarche and metabolic syndrome components (obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease) in women aged 35 to 70 years in Hoveyzeh, southwest Iran.Methods: This is a case-control study conducted on 5830 women 35 to 70 years in Hoveyzeh cohort study (HCS), a part of the PERSIAN cohort study, between 2016 to 2018. The case group were women with MetS while the controls were women without MetS. Metabolic syndrome is determined based on standard NCEP-ATP III criteria. Demographic, socioeconomic and reproductive history data were gathered face to face by trained interviews. Also, lab, anthropometrics and blood pressure measurements were assayed for participants. Multiple Logistic Regression was used to estimate the association between age at menarche and metabolic syndrome, with adjustment for potential confounding variables.Results: The overall mean age at menarche was 12.60 ± 1.76 years old. Urban and rural women differed in their age at menarche (at age 12.58±1.71 and 12.63±1.83 years, respectively). Comparison of the four menarche age groups (≤10, 11-12, 13-14, 15-16 years) was statistically different showed between age at menarche and MetS. The odds of having metabolic syndrome for groups with menarche age of 13-14 years and 16-15 years, compared to women with a menstrual age ≤10 years, decreased by 21% and 20%, respectively. Conclusion: The present study showed the effect of age at menarche on odds of having MetS in women 35-70 years.
Utilization of Family Planning And Volunteer Counseling And Testing Service And Associated Factors Among Preparatory School Students In Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross- Sectional Study Design
Authors: Mata Melaku , Sisay Gizaw , Girma Meseret , Girma Zeleke , Desalgn Sewitmariam , Wolde Fitsum 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The utilization of reproductive health service plays important role in preventing youths from different reproductive related health problems. Adolescents in Ethiopia have inadequate access to information and services.Objective: To evaluate utilization of reproductive health service and determinant factors among preparatory school students in Arba Minch town.Method: Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 541 regular preparatory students in Arba Minch Town. Data was entered and clean into Epidata-4.6 templates then transferred to SPSS-25 statistical software for and analysis. A bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify statistically significant variables of the independent variable. Variables with P-value <0.05, CI 95% in the final model were considered significant determinant variables.Result: Out of those who had sexual intercourse 78.6% and 29.3% of them used family planning and voluntary counseling and testing service respectively. Married adolescents were 4.236 times more likely utilized F/P service than their counterparts (AOR=4.236, 95% CI: 1.182-15.183). The study participants living with both parents were about 1.6 times (AOR=1.645, CI: 1.077-2.513 more likely to use voluntary counseling and testing service compared to those who living with others.Conclusions and Recommendations: Majority (more than three fourth) of adolescents used family planning, but voluntary counseling and testing service utilization were low. The reasons for not utilizing family planning and voluntary counseling and testing service were felt ashamed from friends and unfriendly approach of health workers during service provision. Encourage adolescents open discussion about reproductive health service utilization with different peoples, open discussion within couples and encourage to increase female education are important steps to improve adolescent’s reproductive service utilization.
WITHDRAWN: Valorization of Biomass Pulping Waste As Effective Additive For Enhancing The Performance of Liquid Crystal Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Nanocomposite Film
Authors: Basta Altaf H. , Lotfy Vivian F. , Salem Aya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Utilization of wastes from some biomass-based industries in production of nanomaterials is vital in the green chemistry field. This work deals with valorization of lignin from paper making by-product for synthesizing lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) and evaluating its role on performance of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) film as liquid crystal nanocomposite development, in comparison with different carbon nanoallotropes. In this respect LNPs, graphene oxide (GO) and bagasse-based carbon quantum dots (CQD) and carbon oxide (CO) were synthesized and incorporated with HPC during film formation. The effective behavior of LNPs, especially that produced from using highly polar solvent (PEG), on performance of HPC film was evidenced, from examining polarized light microscope together with TEM, SEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA as well as mechanical tests. The results showed that LNPs provided the HPC-nanocomposite film with acceptable thermal stability and mechanical properties, together with distinct complex mixed colorful texture, lines nearly like Grandjean-Cano lines aligned (PO images) and the planar layered morphology.
Influences of Dysphagia on the Prognosis of Chinese Elderly Inpatients: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Meng Zhangmin , Zhou Yulan , Shu Xiao , Yang Zijing , Chen Qian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The increasing incidence of dysphagia may pose threats to the health of older patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the adverse influences of dysphagia on the prognosis of older Chinese inpatients. A total of 290 older inpatients with different swallowing functions were involved in this study through group sampling from the geriatric centre of a 3A-level hospital in China. Among them, 125 patients (43.1%) had dysphagia at admission. Based on a cross-sectional investigation, a prospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the incidence of complications, readmission, and death during 6 months of follow-up. A total of 34 patients (11.7%) died, and the remaining 256 patients (88.3%) were investigated concerning their complications. There was a higher prevalence of death among the older patients with dysphagia (15.6% vs 7.9%, RR = 2.361). In terms of complications, older patients with dysphagia were more likely to develop malnutrition (29.8% vs 5.9%, RR = 6.747) and aspiration pneumonia (34.6% vs 11.2%, RR = 4.204). Furthermore, multi-factor analysis demonstrated that dysphagia was an independent predictor of malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia but not an independent predictor of death. In conclusion, dysphagia was proven to be an independent predictor of a poor outcome of Chinese elderly inpatients. Specific clinical management and nursing interventions are recommended to prevent the potential adverse influences of dysphagia.
CGRP Signals from Endosomes of Schwann Cells to Elicit Migraine Pain
Authors: De Logu Francesco , Nassini Romina , Hegron Alan , Landini Lorenzo , Jensen Dane , Latorre Rocco , Ding Julia , Marini Matilde , de Araujo Daniel Souza Monteiro , Ramírez-Garcia Paulina , Whittaker Michael , Retamal Jeffri , Titiz Mustafa , Innocenti Alessandro , Veldhuis Nicholas , Davis Thomas , Schmidt Brian , Bunnett Nigel , Geppetti Pierangelo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Efficacy of monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor (calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity modifying protein-1, CLR/RAMP1) implicates peripherally-released CGRP in migraine pain. However, the site and mechanism of CGRP-evoked migraine pain remain unknown. By cell-selective RAMP1 gene deletion, we reveal that CGRP released from mouse cutaneous trigeminal fibers targets CLR/RAMP1 on surrounding Schwann cells to evoke periorbital mechanical allodynia. CLR/RAMP1 activation in human and mouse Schwann cells generates long-lasting signals from endosomes that evoke cAMP-dependent formation of NO. NO, by gating Schwann cell transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), releases ROS, which in a feed-forward manner sustain allodynia via nociceptor TRPA1. When encapsulated into nanoparticles that release cargo in acidified endosomes, a CLR/RAMP1 antagonist provides superior inhibition of CGRP signaling and allodynia in mice. The CGRP-mediated neuronal/Schwann cell pathway is critical to mediate allodynia associated with neurogenic inflammation, thus contributing to the pro-migraine action of CGRP.
Evaluating The Groundwater Potential of Wadi Al-Jizi, Sultanate of Oman By Intergrating Remote Sensing &amp; GIS Techniques
Authors: Akhtar Javed , Sana Ahmed , Tauseef Syed Mohammed , Chellaiah Gajendran , Kaliyaperumal Parmeswari , Sarkar Humayun , Ayyamperumal Ramamoorthy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Groundwater resources are highly stressed due to their overuse, especially in the arid region. This study is aimed at discovering potential groundwater resource zones using currently available data and state-of-the-art methods. This will lead to effective management of scarcely available and rapidly depleting groundwater resources in the Wadi Al-Jizi catchment, located in the Al-Batinah region. Data on terrain characteristics, geology, and geomorphology was integrated using remote sensing techniques and Geographical Information System (GIS). The result from this exercise was used for the identification of areas with a high potential for groundwater availability. These areas were classified into five types; namely; excellent, good, medium, low, and very low. The present study shows that the integration of all the weighted parameters shows promising results in the zonation of groundwater. This study shall be useful to the decision-makers in highlighting potential drilling as well as recharge sites in the area.
Mega-Environment Analysis and Identify Stable and High-Yielding of New Promising Black Soybean Lines in Indonesia
Authors: Susanto Gatut Wahyu Anggoro , Putri Pratanti Haksiwi , Maulana Haris , Wijaya Acep Atma , Karuniawan Agung 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Stable and high-yielding are the major goals of black soybean breeding. Testing new lines in a mega-environment is one of the development processes in black soybean breeding. The aims of the research were (i) to identify the effects of genotype, environment, and GEIs on the grain yield of soybean lines in Java Island; (ii) to select stable and high yielding soybean lines; and (iii) to determine the discriminative environments, and (iv) to determine the concept of stability measurements on black soybean grain yields. Field trials of 10 new F8 promising lines and three check varieties were conducted under eight different environments during four years (2016–2019). The measurement results showed that the grain yield was influenced by genotype (8.35%), environment (59.49%), and GEIs (32.16%). Grain yield stability measurements showed that the four newly lines was identified had high yields and stable in eight environments, they were A-5A-PSJ (S2), DB-96-CTY (S5), UP 161 (S6), and UP 162 (S7). The Ngawi (2017) followed by Bogor (2019) and Banyuwangi (2016) has the strongest interactive capabilities, and was suitable for used as a trial environments. Grain yield (Y) was identified as having a positive and significant correlation (p < 0.05) with S(3), S(6), NP(2), NP(3), NP(4), KR, and YSI stability measurements, which indicated that they were included in the concept of dynamic stability measurement.
Does Technological Innovation Improve the Regional Ecological Efficiency? Empirical Evidence From China
Authors: Huang Huan , Kuang Jiaxin , Wang Fan , Tian Ke , Xiao Yi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The rapid development of China's economy and urbanization has led to the rapid deterioration of the ecological environment. This study aims to explore the relationship between provincial eco-efficiency and technological innovation in China. The DEA model is used to measure the ecological efficiency of 30 regions in China by using the data from 2007 to 2017, and different spatial econometric models were used to explore the influencing factors of ecological efficiency. The results show that in terms of ecological efficiency, the western region has the highest ecological efficiency, and the eastern region has the lowest. However, with the acceleration of urbanization, the ecological efficiency of the three regions gradually declined, and the last three regions basically remained at the same level. Based on spatial econometric analysis, the relationship between technological innovation and ecological efficiency is discussed. The results show that technological innovation has a negative impact on ecological efficiency, which confirms the existence of the environmental Kuznets Curve. In addition, environmental regulation and education level can improve ecological efficiency, while urbanization rate can reduce ecological efficiency. At the same time, spatial spillover effect plays an important role in technological innovation, environmental regulation, education level and urbanization rate in the change of regional ecological efficiency. Policy recommendations for further strengthening environmental protection and sustainable development are discussed.
The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Attributable Risk Factors in 194 Countries and Territories, 2007–2017
Authors: Shen Zhisen , Cao Yujie , Luo Lin , Han Liyuan , Li Jun , Wang Liuqian , Lu Yaqin , Gu Shanshan , Deng Hongxia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSo far, no research about the burden of the incidence rate, Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), and death rate associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been reported on the global, regional, and national levels. In this paper, we provide an overview of the most recent global epidemiology of nasopharyngeal cancer with data obtained from the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) repository.MethodsWe utilized the reports of the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD), Injuries, and Risk Factors Study in 2017 to estimate the burden of NPC in 194 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) from 2007 to 2017. Moreover, we assessed the risk factors of NPC-related DALYs and deaths through the Comparative Risk Assessment Framework.ResultsIn the year 2017, 10.978 million new NPC cases with a 95% uncertainty interval of 10.444 to 11.556 million were recorded globally, whereas the DALYs and deaths were 2.09 million cases with a 95%UI 2 to 2.17 million and 695.5 thousand cases with 95% UI 668.7 to 722.7 thousand, respectively. From 2007 to 2017, the estimated incidence rate of NPC decreased by 2.3% with 95% uncertainty interval -7% to 3.28%, the estimated DALY rate decreased by 4.95% with 95% uncertainty interval from -8.46% to -1.24%, and the estimated death rate decreased by 3.01% with 95% uncertainty interval -6.36% to 0.43%. The age-standardized incidence, DALY, and death rates in 2017 were all the highest among the countries located in the middle-SDI quintiles region. At the GBD regional level, the most severe age-standardized incidence, DALY, and death rates in 2017 occurred in Oceania, followed by Southeast Asia and East Asia. From 2007 to 2017, the Caribbean and South Asia have the most increase in percentage in age-standardized incidence, DALY, and death rates. At the national level, countries like Ukraine, Jamaica, and the Dominican Republic reported the largest percentage increases in the age-standardized incidence, DALY, and death rates in a decade. From 2007 to 2017, DALYs and death rate of NPC increased by 18.99% (95%UI:13.34% - 25.73%) and 23.5% (95%UI:17.76% - 29.84%), respectively. While the estimated age-standardized attributable risk DALY rate and the age-standardized attributable risk mortality rate decreased by 5.55% (95% UI: -9.93% - 0.34%) and 4.25% (95% UI: -8.64% - 0.56%). ConclusionThe middle-SDI quintiles had the highest age-standardized incidence, DALY, and death rates in 2017. The largest increases in age-standardized incidence, DALY, and death rates were reported in the Caribbean and South Asia from 2007 to 2017, especially in countries such as Ukraine, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, and Dominica. In these regions, Alcohol consumption, Smoking, and A diet short of fruits were the primary three risk factors contributing to both DALYs and deaths in 2017.
Combining single and complex indices of pollution with grain size trend analysis of surficial sediments in Edremit Gulf, western Turkey.
Authors: Duman Muhammet , Kucuksezgin Filiz , Eronat Atilla Hüsnü , Talas Ezgi , İlhan Tarık , Aydın Şenol 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Pollution risk assessment of heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, As) in sediment samples from 68 locations in the Gulf of Edremit, western Turkey, was performed using single and complex indices of pollution assessment approaches. The pollution indices used in the sediment analyses included pollution load index(PLI), contamination factor(CF), contamination degree(Cdeg) for individual metals, geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factors(EF), toxic risk index(TRI), modified pollution index (MPI), frequency of adverse biological effects (TEL-PEL), percent incidence of biological effects (ERL-ERM), and total risk quotients (QTEL-QPEL). Results indicated a low degree of contamination for the entire surveyed area except moderate contamination factor for arsenic using single indices. Enrichment factors and geoaccumulation indices indicated moderate to significant enrichment and uncontaminated to moderately contaminated both for arsenic(As) and lead(Pb), respectively. According to the results of ecological risk assessment based on TELs and PELs, the adverse biological effects of heavy metals on aquatic organisms; are for As, Cr, Ni frequently, Cu and Pb occasionally and Zn rare. The TRI values displayed low to considerably toxic risk for the entire Gulf and calculated TRI results showed that arsenic accounted for most of the entire sediment toxicity. Transport patterns of sediment grain size trend analyses were correlated with the results of pollution assessment models. Transport trends are compatible with the sources of lithogenic, anthropogenic, mining activities and wastewater treatment/geothermal originated arsenic.