bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suitability of drone olfactory sensitivity as a selection trait for Varroa-resistance in honeybees
Authors: Ivanova Ivelina , Bienefeld Kaspar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe most effective strategy against brood diseases, such as those stemming from infestation by the mite Varroa destructor, is the early detection and removal of sick brood. Recent findings suggest that genes associated with worker bee olfactory perception play a central role in Varroa-sensitive hygiene (VSH). In this study, the odour sensitivity of Apis mellifera drones was examined through proboscis extension response (PER) conditioning. Individuals sensitive/insensitive to the two Varroa-parasitised-brood odours (extract-low and extract-high) were used for breeding. Twenty-one queens from a VSH-selected line (SelQ) and nineteen queens from a nonselected line (ConQ) were single-drone-inseminated with sperm from drones that showed either sensitivity (SenD+) or insensitivity (SenD−) to the two extracts. Individual VSH behaviour in a total of 5072 offspring of these combinations (SelQ × SenD+, SelQ× SenD−, ConQ × SenD+, ConQ × SenD−) was subsequently observed in a specially designed observation unit with infrared light. The results from the video observation were also separately examined, considering the genetic origin (VSH-selected or nonselected line) of the participating queens and drones. While the drone PER conditioning results were not significantly reflected in the VSH results of the respective offspring, the genetic origin of the participating queens/drones was crucial for VSH manifestation.
Nurse-led, telephone-based follow-up after acute coronary syndrome yields improved risk factors after 36 months: the randomized controlled NAILED-ACS trial
Authors: Henriksson Robin , Huber Daniel , Mooe Thomas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigated whether a nurse-led, telephone-based follow-up including medical titration was superior to usual care in improving blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values 36 months after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We screened all patients admitted with ACS at Östersund hospital, Sweden, between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014, for inclusion based on ability to participate in a telephone-based follow-up. Participants were randomly allocated to usual care or an intervention group that received counselling and medical titration to target BP < 140/< 90 mmHg and LDL-C < 2.5/< 1.8 mmol/L. The primary outcome was LDL-C at 36 months. Of 962 patients, 797 (83%) were available for analysis after 36 months. Compared to controls, the intervention group had a mean systolic BP (SBP) 4.1 mmHg lower (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9–6.5), mean diastolic BP (DBP) 2.9 mmHg lower (95% CI 1.5–4.5), and mean LDL-C 0.28 mmol/L lower (95% CI 0.135–0.42). All P < 0.001. A significantly greater proportion of patients reached treatment targets with the intervention. After 36 months of follow-up, compared to usual care, the nurse-led, telephone-based intervention led to significantly lower SBP, DBP, and LDL-C and to a larger proportion of patients meeting target values.Trial registration: ISRCTN registry. Trial number ISRCTN96595458. Retrospectively registered.
Spider mite egg extract modifies Arabidopsis response to future infestations
Authors: Ojeda-Martinez Dairon , Martinez Manuel , Diaz Isabel , Estrella Santamaria M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTranscriptional plant responses are an important aspect of herbivore oviposition studies. However, most of our current knowledge is derived from studies using Lepidopteran models, where egg-laying and feeding are separate events in time. Little is known regarding plant response to pests where females feed and oviposit simultaneously. The present study characterized oviposition-induced transcriptomic response of Arabidopsis to Tetranychus urticae egg extracts. Transcriptional evidence indicates that early events in plant response to the egg extract involve responses typical to biotic stresses, which include the alteration in the levels of Ca2+ and ROS, the modification of pathways regulated by the phytohormones jasmonic acid and ethylene, and the production of volatiles and glucosinolates as defence mechanisms. These molecular changes affect female fertility, which was significantly reduced when mites fed on plants pre-exposed to the egg extract. However, longer periods of plant exposure to egg extract cause changes in the transcriptional response of the plant reveal a trend to a decrease in the activation of the defensive response. This alteration correlated with a shift at 72 h of exposition in the effect of the mite feeding. At that point, plants become more susceptible and suffer higher damage when challenged by the mite.
Extended spin coherence of the zinc-vacancy centers in ZnSe with fast optical access
Authors: Kirstein Erik , Zhukov Evgeny A. , Smirnov Dmitry S. , Nedelea Vitalie , Greve Phillip , Kalitukha Ina V. , Sapega Viktor F. , Pawlis Alexander , Yakovlev Dmitri R. , Bayer Manfred , Greilich Alex 
Published: September 2021

AbstractQubits based on crystal defect centers have been shown to exhibit long spin coherence times, up to seconds at room temperature. However, they are typically characterized by a comparatively slow initialization timescale. Here, fluorine implantation into ZnSe epilayers is used to induce defect states that are identified as zinc vacancies. We study the carrier spin relaxation in these samples using various pump-probe measurement methods, assessing phenomena such as resonant spin amplification, polarization recovery, and spin inertia in transverse or longitudinal magnetic field. The spin dynamics in isotopically natural ZnSe show a significant influence of the nuclear spin bath. Removing this source of relaxation by using isotopic purification, we isolate the anisotropic exchange interaction as the main spin dephasing mechanism and find spin coherence times of 100 ns at room temperature, with the possibility of fast optical access on the picosecond time scales through excitonic transitions of ZnSe.
2-Aryl-perfluorobenzoxazoles: synthesis, fluorescence properties and synthetic applications in cubic platinum nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Rong , Lu Hao , Yan Mingpan , Li Mengfan , Lv Xiangyu , Huang Hongwen , Ghaderi Arash , Iwasaki Takanori , Kambe Nobuaki , Abdukader Ablimit , Qiu Renhua 
Published: September 2021

An efficient methodology has been developed for the synthesis of 2-aryl-perfluorobenzoxazoles, the preliminary fluorescence properties (up to 99% fluorescence quantum yield of 3d) of the products and their synthetic application in cubic platinum nanoparticles are reported.
The SPECFIND V3.0 catalog of radio continuum cross-identifications and spectra: Reaching lower frequencies
Authors: Stein Y. , Vollmer B. , Boch T. , Landais G. , Vannier P. , Brouty M. , Allen M. G. , Derriere S. , Ocvirk P. 
Published: September 2021

Context. Many radio continuum catalogs with different sensitivity limits and spatial resolutions are published via the VizieR database at the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. The diversity of spatial resolutions of different catalogs makes the cross-identification of different flux density measurements of individual sources complex. The SPECFIND tool is able to handle radio surveys at different frequencies from different instruments with different resolutions.
Aims. Since the former version of the SPECFIND catalog was released ten years ago, hundreds of new radio continuum catalogs have been published. We upgraded the SPECFIND tool to reach a wider frequency range, especially the lower-frequency radio regime, as well as to have better spatial sky coverage.
Methods. We adapted selection criteria and applied them to all of the radio catalogs listed in the VizieR database to define a final sample of new catalogs. We unified the new catalogs and implemented them in the SPECFIND tool. The new SPECFIND V3.0 radio cross-identification catalog was constructed using 204 input tables from 160 VizieR radio continuum catalogs to cross-identify flux density measurements of individual sources and fit their spectral slopes. We discuss the frequency and sky coverage of all processed catalogs and compare the results to the previous version. Furthermore, we present and investigate peaked spectrum (PS) sources with spectral breaks around 1.4 GHz and 325 MHz.
Results. By increasing the number of input catalog tables that were implemented in SPECFIND from 115 to 204 (89 new catalog tables and two updates), we improved the number of resulting spectra from ∼107 500 to ∼340 000 and increased the number of cross-identified sources from ∼600 000 to ∼1.6 million. The final SPECFIND V3.0 catalog is publicly available via VizieR. By applying SPECFIND to two subsamples of the catalogs with frequency cuts at 325 MHz and 1.4 GHz, spectral break and PS source candidates could be identified. We encourage follow-up observations of these candidates to confirm their nature because the population we identify has a relatively low reliability.
Conclusions. The SPECFIND V3.0 catalog is a very useful resource and a powerful open access tool, reachable via VizieR. By tripling the resulting spectra and including many radio continuum surveys from the last 50 years, we provide a significantly extended catalog of cross-identified radio continuum sources. Furthermore, the SIMBAD database will be updated using the SPECFIND V3.0 catalog and will contain more radio continuum data, serving the needs of future projects.
Chemoradiation with Weekly Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Prospective Study
Authors: Joseph Deepa M. , Malik Monica Irukulla , Jonnadula Jyothi , Ahmed Fayaz , Valiyaveettil Deepthi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) using paclitaxel and carboplatin has significantly improved the survival rates in carcinoma esophagus, especially in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This regimen has not been adequately explored prospectively as a definitive CRT strategy. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy, toxicity, and compliance to this regimen in a prospective setting in locally advanced esophageal SCC.
Materials and Methods Patients with locally advanced esophageal SCC were planned for definitive CRT by using weekly paclitaxel 50 mg/m2 and carboplatin area under curve 2 along with radical radiotherapy to a dose of 50.4 to 54 Gy. Treatment-related toxicity was assessed by using the common terminology criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0, and the response was assessed by using endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) 4 to 6 weeks following CRT. The pathological response was documented for those who underwent surgery.
Results Fifteen patients were included in the study, and all patients completed the planned course of radiation. The median number of chemotherapy cycles received was four. In total, 66% of the patients had delay or interruptions in chemotherapy, mostly due to neutropenia, and 66% of the patients had a clinical complete response (CR). Four patients underwent definitive esophagectomy, and the histopathology revealed pathologic CR. Overall CR rate was 80%. The median overall survival was 14 months, and 1-year survival was 57%.
Conclusion Definitive CRT in esophageal SCC using weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin was relatively well tolerated with manageable toxicities and good clinical response rates. It may potentially represent a new standard of care as definitive therapy in the management of these tumors.
Clinical Profile and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Bhatti Abu B. H. , Sheikh Abdul A. E. , Mahmud Umair S. , Zeeshan Shagufta , Khan Nusrat Y. , Zia Haseeb H. , Dar Faisal S. , Rana Atif 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Very few centers in Pakistan have all established treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) available under one roof. With a dedicated hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery and liver transplant unit, we have gathered one of the largest data on HCC in our population.
Aims The objective of the current study was to assess the clinical spectrum of HCC in Pakistani patients.
Settings and Design This retrospective review of patients diagnosed with HCC was conducted between 2011 and 2016.
Materials and Methods Patients were allocated to treatment groups based on the Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) staging algorithm and our local guidelines. The treatment options were grouped as curative (radiofrequency ablation [RFA], percutaneous ethanol injection [PEI], liver resection, and liver transplantation), palliative (transarterial chemoembolization [TACE]/sorafenib), and the best supportive care (BSC).
Statistical Analysis Kaplan–Meier curves were used for the statistical analysis.
Results The mean age was 57.9 ± 10.1 years (range: 18–90 years). The male-to-female ratio was (1,099/391) 2.8:1. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C were the most common underlying etiological factor in 1,350 of 1,490 (90.6%) patients. Macrovascular invasion (MVI) was seen in 492 of 1,490 (33%) patients. Out of the total, 191 (12.8%) additional patients were offered potentially curative treatments when compared with BCLC recommendations. The actuarial 5-year overall survival for patients who underwent liver transplant, RFA/PEI, TACE, sorafenib, and BSC was 87, 64, 18, 5, and 0%, respectively. Alpha fetoprotein cut-off of 400 ng/mL had a significant impact on survival irrespective of treatment received (41 vs. 11%, p < 0.0001).
Conclusion MVI is the most frequent poor prognostic marker in our patients with HCC. Local treatment guidelines are effective in yielding comparable outcomes to BCLC.
Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE) with 131Iodine-Lipiodol for Unresectable Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Patel Aakash , Subbanna Indusekhara , Bhargavi Vidya , Swamy Shivakumar , Kallur Kumarswamy G. , Patil Shekhar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose This article presents our experience regarding survival benefits in inoperable intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and advanced stage HCC treated with 131I-lipiodol.
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of intermediate stage HCC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC] stage B) not responding to prior treatment and/or advanced stage HCC (BCLC stage C) treated with 131I-lipiodol. 131I-lipiodol was injected into the hepatic artery through transfemoral route. Postprocedure, the patient was isolated for 5 to 7 days. All patients underwent tumor response evaluation after 4 weeks. Survival of patients was calculated up to either death or conclusion of the study.
Results A total of 55 patients (52 males [94.5%], 3 females [5.4%]) were given intra-arterial 131I-lipiodol therapy. The median overall survival after transarterial radioembolization (TARE) was 172 ± 47 days (95% confidence limit, 79–264 days). The overall survival at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months was 69, 47, 32, and 29%, respectively. A multivariate Cox regression analysis showed the presence of treatment prior to TARE to most significantly influence survival (B = 2.161, p ≤ 0.001). This was followed by size of the lesion which was second in line (B = 0.536, p = 0.034). Among 45 patients, 14 patients (31.1%) showed a partial response, 11 patients (24.4%) showed stable disease, and 20 patients (44.4%) showed progressive diseases.
Conclusion TARE with 131I-lipiodol can be a safe and effective palliative treatment in advanced stage HCC and in patients with poor response to prior treatments like transarterial chemoembolization.
Absenteeism, Dropout, and On-Time School Completion of Vulnerable Primary School Students in Ethiopia: Exploring the Role of Adolescent Decision-Making Power in the Household, Exposure to Violence, and Paid and Unpaid Work
Authors: Woldehanna Tassew , Endale Kefyalew , Hamory Joan , Baird Sarah 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhile Ethiopia has seen a rapid expansion of school enrollment over the past 25 years, especially in primary education, dropout, absenteeism, and grade repetition remain key challenges to achieving the education-related Sustainable Development Goals. This article uses the 2017/18 Gender and Adolescence: Global Evidence (GAGE) survey of 6800 Ethiopian adolescents and regression analysis to examine how exposure to and /or experience of violence (from peers and at home), adolescent decision-making power in the household, and paid and unpaid child work are related to absenteeism, dropout, and on-time completion in primary school. The findings provide empirical evidence on the positive association between adolescent decision-making power in the household and educational outcomes and the negative relationships between adolescent education and both exposure to and /or experience of violence and paid and unpaid child work. We explore variations in the magnitude and robustness of these associations across gender, age cohort, and rural/urban residential location. Our findings suggest that programs which enhance decision-making power of adolescents in the household reduce exposure to and/or experience of violence among peers and at home and reduce participation in paid and unpaid child work which can improve adolescent educational attainment.
Trophic gauntlet effects on fisheries recovery: a case study in Sansha Bay, China
Authors: Xie Bin , Huang Cheng , Wang Ya , Zhou Xijie , Peng Guogan , Tao Yancheng , Huang Jiaju , Lin Xiaoqing , Huang Lingfeng 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

Low biological productivity causes ecosystem energy deficiency. Sansha Bay is an important spawning and nursery ground for migratory fish in the East China Sea (ECS). There is significant mariculture in this area, but stock enhancement programs and seasonal fishery closures have failed to recover populations of the commercially important species,
Larimichthys crocea
. We want to figure out the potential reason of unsuccessful
L. crocea
resource in recent 30 years. In this study, the trophic status of
L. crocea
, the food source proportions of
L. crocea
and zooplankton, and the food web structure and functioning of Sansha Bay was analyzed. A high nutrient low chlorophyll phenomenon was observed: this prevented harmful algal blooms, and phytoplankton growth was restrained by intensive macroalgal culture, resulting in a low abundance of zooplankton in Sansha Bay. Phytoplankton was the most important food source of zooplankton, and zooplankton was the greatest food source of juvenile
L. crocea
. Analyzed
L. crocea
suffered from starvation. Crucially, most of the phytoplankton was not used efficiently in the Sansha Bay ecosystem. This study suggests that trophic bottleneck, caused by food limitation, is a potential reason for unsuccessful fishery recovery in enclosed bay with macroalgal culture.
Scalar-pseudoscalar pair production at the Large Hadron Collider at NLO+NLL accuracy in QCD *
Authors: Li He-Yi , Zhang Ren-You , Zhang Yu , Ma Wen-Gan , Long Ming-Ming , Li Shu-Xiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We thoroughly investigate both transverse momentum and threshold resummation effects on scalar-pseudoscalar pair production via quark-antiquark annihilation at the

Large Hadron Collider at QCD NLO+NLL accuracy. A factorization method is introduced to properly supplement the soft-gluon (threshold) resummation contribution from parton distribution functions to the resummed results obtained by the Collins-Soper-Sterman resummation approach. We find that the impact of the threshold-resummation improved PDFs is comparable to the resummation effect of the partonic matrix element and can even predominate in high invariant mass regions. Moreover, the loop-induced gluon-gluon fusion channel in the type-I two-Higgs-doublet model is considered in our calculations. The numerical results show that the electroweak production via quark-antiquark annihilation dominates over the gluon-initiated QCD production by

orders of magnitude.
Computational tools for the analysis of circular failure of rock slopes
Authors: Carranza-Torres C 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Among other types of failure in slopes created by excavation or filling, circular (also referred to as rotational) type of failure plays an important role in the design and stability analysis of high rock slopes, such as those encountered in deep open pit mines. When a rock slope of significant height involves predominantly one type of jointed rock mass, the scale of the problem is frequently such that the rock mass (intact rock and rock discontinuities) can be regarded as a homogeneous isotropic material. In such case, if the rock slope is unstable and collapse occurs, circular (or rotational) failure as in failed slopes in soils is also observed for the rock slope. One main goal in practical design of deep open pit mines is to determine safe inclination angles for the pit faces to be excavated to avoid failure. Computational tools for quick assessment of the stability conditions, in particular determination of factor of safety and location of the critical circular failure surface, are useful during the preliminary stages of open pit design. Among others, such tools allow the engineer to gain insight in the role that the different variables controlling the problem have in defining the stability conditions for the rock slope. This paper provides first an overview of typical numerical techniques used to assess the stability of high rock slopes. For the case of slopes in rock masses that are assumed to obey the Mohr-Coulomb or the Hoek-Brown failure criteria, the paper discusses how application of transformation rules leads the criteria to be re-casted in dimensionless form, so when these are applied to the solution of slope problems, the results (factor of safety and coordinates that define the location of the critical circular failure surface) can be summarized in dimensionless compact forms. The paper presents then computational tools in the form of dimensionless charts and computer spreadsheets for stability analysis. These are developed from numerical limit equilibrium models that use the mentioned transformation rules. Among others, the computational tools allow the concept of mechanical similarity of rock slopes to be naturally introduced. Finally, the paper presents various rock slope examples that illustrate the use of the computational tools. In these examples, results from limit equilibrium models are also compared with results obtained with full numerical analysis, in particular with finite difference models implementing the shear strength reduction technique.
Elastic anisotropic behaviour related to crack distributions in two gneisses
Authors: Rotonda T 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Stress-strain response of foliated rocks shows that mechanical behaviour and degree of anisotropy are influenced by the spatial arrangement of phyllosilicates. But the anisotropy of these rocks is essentially due to the characteristics and distribution of cracks aligned with mica beds. At the laboratory scale, the elastic symmetry can be represented by the transverse isotropy, with the lowest elastic modulus perpendicular to the plane of aligned microcracks. These issues are discussed with reference to experimental data obtained for two gneisses of the same geological formation. The gneisses show a quite similar strength behaviour, but very different deformabilities. The measures of dynamic and static deformabilities under loading prove the influence of the progressive closure of open cracks on the compliance tensors of both gneisses. The relationship between the elastic parameters and the characteristics of the crack distributions is discussed in the framework of non-interacting crack models. Assuming the presence of two different sets of cracks, crack densities have been estimated. The different deformabilities of the two gneisses can be ascribed to their different microcrack distributions. The degree of anisotropy due to cracks reduces as stresses increase, differently for the two gneisses.