bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A body‐mounted device for MRI‐guided spinal therapy
Authors: Squires Alexander , Hovet Sierra , Li Rui , Oshinski John , Ho Tse Zion Tsz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with no cure and limited treatment options. Recent studies have shown that delivering cellular therapeutics to the ventral horn of the spinal cord can effectively halt neurodegeneration associated with ALS in small animal models.MethodsWe developed a robotic system that assists with MRI‐guided percutaneous injections to the spinal cord. The needle positioning robot consists of two linear axes with motorised translational sleds for two‐degree‐of‐freedom (2‐DOF) needle translation and a radial template for 2‐DOF discrete rotation.ResultsThe robot's targeting capability, evaluated using phantom models and swine cadavers, showed mean targeting errors of 0.48 and 2.84 mm, respectively. The duration of the targeting procedure is approximately 60 min, with an extra 10 min for each additional injection.ConclusionsThe presented robot does not affect imaging quality during MRI‐guided procedures, and it enables a simplified workflow for MRI‐guided spinal therapy.
Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking of Chalcone Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Abosalim Heba M. , Nael Manal A. , El‐Moselhy Tarek F. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTwenty derivatives of chalcones were synthesized and their anticancer activities were estimated against both breast and liver cancer besides two human normal cell lines. Out of our candidates, there were five compounds 3 b, 3 d, 3 h, 7 and 10 b that revealed a broad superlative antitumor activity against both HepG2 and MCF7 cell lines. Surprisingly, 3 h showed the most powerful anticancer activity (GI50=5.43±0.170 μM for MCF7 and GI50=1.80±0.50 μM for HepG2) and displayed the most effective inhibition activity on tubulin with IC50=4.51±0.13 μM. 3 h exerted low toxicity toward both normal human, Hs371.T and AML12, cell lines. 3 h revealed arrest of cell cycle at G2/M and induced apoptosis compared to control cells. Docking study of all newly derivatives was achieved to decide the preeminent binding mode. Generally, the outcome of the docking study showed that 3 h had better binding mode.
Copper(I) Complex of Dihydro Bis(2‐Mercapto Benzimidazolyl) Borate as an Efficient Homogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2H‐Indazoles and 5‐Substituted 1H‐Tetrazoles
Authors: Khalili Dariush , Evazi Roya , Neshat Abdollah , Aboonajmi Jasem 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this work, catalytic activity of a series of copper(I) complexes containing dihydrobis(2‐mercapto‐benzimidazolyl) borate (Bb), and phosphine co‐ligands was investigated in the synthesis of N‐heterocycle compounds including 2H‐indazoles and 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazoles. The copper(I) complex containing tricyclohexylphosphine co‐ligand, [Cu(Bb)(PCy3)], displayed the highest catalytic activities for the formation of 2H‐indazoles and 1H‐tetrazoles. Apart from the nontoxicity and strong σ‐donating ability of the introduced ligands, the introduced catalyst required easy handling processes. The catalytic reactions were successfully performed at low catalyst loadings in either PEG‐200 or DMF and in relatively short reaction times. The diversity of these reactions was also explored with 20 and 12 examples. Finally, the current catalytic system is amenable to large‐scale production of these N‐heterocycle compounds.
Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Structured Mesoporous Hybrid Mn3+/4+ loaded Zirconia Self Assembly as a Versatile Amperometric Probe for the Electrochemical Detection of Nitrite
Authors: Gangadharappa Manjushree Somashettihalli , Raghu Madihalli Srinivas , Kumar Sandeep , Parashuram Lakshminarayana , Kumar Velu Udaya 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSelective and highly sensitive detection of nitrite is always a challenge for electrochemist for the administration of nitrite in water and food samples. In this regard nanostructured materials are crown choice. In the present investigation, we have prepared uniformly ordered hybrid Mn3+/4+ : ZrO2 nanoganitrus via hydrothermal method, characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, TEM and XPS to understand the structural and morphological features of the material and used for the electrocatalytic determination of nitrite. The preparation process resulted in the formation of nanoganitrus heterostructures with honeycomb arrangement. High surface area, ganitrus structure and hybrid Mn3+/4+ in the material was correlated to its robust electrochemical performance. Thus, prepared sensor showed highly selective and sensitive determination of nitrite with a good linear range of 250 μM to 10,000 μM with correlation coefficient of 0.998 and a sensitivity of 38.8 μAmM−1 cm−2. The limit of Detection of nitrite sensing system was 93 μM at a signal to noise ratio of 3. Also, the sensor showed prominent reproducibility, good stability, anti‐interference performance and also the prepared sensor was successfully used for the detection of nitrite in real samples.
The Same Oxidation‐State Introduction of Hypervalent Sulfur via Transition‐Metal Catalysis
Authors: Wang Ming , Jiang Xuefeng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSulfonyl compounds have attracted considerable interest due to their extensive applications in drug discovery, agricultural, and material science. The access to the assembly of SO2‐containing compounds via the same oxidative‐state introduction of hypervalent sulfur has come to the fore in the recent years. Especially, the transition‐metal‐involved synthesis of hypervalent sulfur compounds is the most effective strategy since SO2 is easy to insert into the metal‐carbon bonds. This review discusses the application of the same oxidation‐state introduction of hypervalent sulfur strategy under the transition‐metal‐catalyzed conditions, and presents according to different metal catalysts and the synthesized diversity hypervalent sulfur‐containing compounds skeletons, including sulfonamides, sulfones, sulfinamides, sulfonyl acids and sulfonyl fluorides.
Chiral Cobalt‐Salen Complexes: Ubiquitous Species in Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Schulz Emmanuelle 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSince the discovery of their extraordinary reactivity in the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of terminal epoxides about twenty years ago, chiral cobalt‐salen complexes have been shown to be essential for many other asymmetric catalytic reactions. This account summarizes the inspiring works dedicated to the discovery of their new reactivity and their mode of action, as well as the new processes towards the optimization of their cooperativity for bimetallic activation and the implementation of their effective immobilization, including also our contribution on these topics.
Enhanced anticancer potency of hydroxytyrosol and curcumin by PLGA‐PAA nano‐encapsulation on PANC‐1 pancreatic cancer cell line
Authors: Jadid Mahdieh Farhoudi Sefidan , Shademan Behrouz , Chavoshi Reza , Seyyedsani Nasrin , Aghaei Elnaz , Taheri Elham , Goleij Pouya , Hajazimian Saba , Karamad Vahidreza , Behroozi Javad , Sabet Mehrdad Nasrollahzadeh , Isazadeh Alireza , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMany chemotherapeutic regimens have been investigated for advanced unresectable and metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC), but with only minimal improvement in survival and prognosis. Here, we investigated anti‐cancer function of free and nano‐encapsulated hydroxytyrosol (Hyd) and curcumin (Cur), and its combinations (Hyd‐Cur) on PANC‐1 cell line. The poly lactide‐co‐glycolide‐co‐polyacrylic acid (PLGA‐co‐PAA) nano‐encapsulated Hyd and Cur were synthesized, and MTT assay was performed to evaluate cytotoxic effects of free and nano‐encapsulated Hyd, Cur, and Hyd‐Cur. Effects of free and nano‐encapsulated Hyd, Cur, and Hyd‐Cur were evaluated on viability, migration, morphological alterations, colony formation, and apoptosis on PANC‐1 cells. We observed that free and nano‐encapsulated Hyd, Cur, and Hyd‐Cur significantly increased apoptosis rates as well as significantly decreased viability, migration, and colony formation in PANC‐1 cells. According to our results, Hyd‐Cur combination and nano‐encapsulation therapy exerts more profound apoptotic and anti‐proliferative effects on PANC‐1 cells than free Hyd or Hyd monotherapy.
Succession Planning Governance Case
Authors: Hilb Martin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMichael Miller is the founder of a successful international high-tech company in the medical field. The total staff includes 3500 employees, 90% of which are outside Switzerland.Miller’s company was successful in acquiring Phamtex International, another family-owned company. Miller offered the CEO position for the new merged company to John Kennedy who was the successful former CEO of Phamtex International.Suddenly Michael Miller realized that he had no successor for John Kennedy in case of his leave.
Governance of Gender Diversity Case
Authors: Dart Beatrix 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGender diversity on boards has become accepted as an important step to increase governance, risk assessment, and innovative thinking for companies. However, the arguments of finding merit-based candidates, a narrow definition of the board skills matrix, and the desire to add “who you know” have proven to be lasting obstacles for many female board candidates. This short case highlights the importance of making a conscious effort to expanding board searches past the usual networks to lead to boards with better decision-making abilities by adding female board directors.
University Governance Case
Authors: Maxwell Tudor , Bianchini Stefano 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis case addresses the challenge of leadership succession in a highly respected master’s program at a university in Australia. The director, who was also the program’s lead professor, was due to retire, and the distinctive nature of the program made it particularly difficult to find a suitable replacement. To complicate the challenge, the university’s central administration was not supportive of that master’s degree, whereas it achieved the highest satisfaction ratings in the university from students and enjoyed good support from industry; the director’s insistence on quality of educational experience resulted in tight control of student admission, fewer students, and lower revenue than competing programs.A highly engaged group of students and alumni took on this challenge, working with the outgoing director to sustain impressive results over a 5-year period.
NPO Governance Case
Authors: Felício J. Augusto , Rodrigues Ricardo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSocial organizations play a very important role in ensuring social cohesion and well-being, but constraints on public expenditure mean fiercer competition for financial resources and greater difficulties in accessing these resources.This case study is focused on CAJIL, a nonprofit social organization that, in this demanding context, is implementing a large-scale investment project. For this reason, CAJIL needs to reinforce the governance structure to assure investors and the implicated public institutions that CAJIL is capable of completing the project and responding to the management challenges associated with the increase in activity and complexity linked to this investment.
M&A Governance Case
Authors: Hilb Martin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractM-Tec is a high-tech computer company based in Geneva, Switzerland. Its shares have traded at values consistently higher than the listing price.The recent acquisition of a rival business of equal size resulted in an additional, positive movement in the share price.Despite the positive performance, however, a major challenge has arised at the board level.Three directors opposed the acquisition based on their conviction that the purchase price was too high.
Board of Directors as a Strategic Sparring Partner
Authors: Lombriser Roman 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhat role can board of directors play in the strategy process of an SME? The case of “Light-Tech” (a luxury lamp producer) shows how. The chairman and several of the other directors had bad feelings about the issue of technology replacement. Contrary to the top management team, they were not convinced that the breakthrough of the new LED technology in the market was still far away. To address this issue, the board of directors—together with the executive team—performed a scenario analysis for about 3 hours. Then, the board requested the top management team to formulate a precautionary strategy which much better prepares the SME for the pessimistic scenario. Result: 2 years later, the pessimistic scenario reveals itself as reality. By performing a scenario analysis together with the top management team, the board of directors were able to play an important role as constructive sparring partners.
Arthroscopic lateral retinacular release improves patello-femoral and femoro-tibial kinematics in patients with isolated lateral retinacular tightness
Authors: Pohlig Florian , Lenze Ulrich , Lenze Florian Walter , Lazic Igor , Haug Alexander , Hinterwimmer Stefan , Graichen Heiko , von Eisenhart-Rothe Ruediger 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Arthroscopic lateral retinacular release (LRR) has long been considered the gold standard for the treatment for anterior knee pain caused by lateral retinacular tightness (LRT). However, one-third of patients experience continuous pain postoperatively, which is thought to be related to persistent maltracking of the patella and altered femoro-tibial kinematics. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to simultaneously assess femoro-tibial and patello-femoral kinematics and identify the influence of arthroscopic LRR.

Methods
Sixteen healthy volunteers and 12 patients with unilateral, isolated LRT were prospectively included. Open MRI scans with and without isometric quadriceps contraction were performed in 0°, 30° and 90° of knee flexion preoperatively and at 12 months after surgery. Patellar shift, tilt angle, patello-femoral contact area and magnitude of femoro-tibial rotation were calculated by digital image processing.

Results
Postoperatively, patellar shift was significantly reduced at 90° of knee flexion compared to preoperative values. The postoperative patellar tilt angle was found to be significantly smaller at 30° of knee flexion compared to that preoperatively. Isometric muscle contractions did not considerably influence patellar shift or tilt in either group. The patello-femoral contact area increased after LRR over the full range of motion (ROM), with significant changes at 0° and 90°. Regarding femoro-tibial kinematics, significantly increased femoral internal rotation at 0° was observed in the patient group preoperatively, whereas the magnitude of rotation at 90° of knee flexion was comparable to that of healthy individuals. The pathologically increased femoral internal rotation at 30° without muscular activity could be significantly decreased by LRR. With isometric quadriceps contraction no considerable improvement of femoral internal rotation could be achieved by LRR at 30° of knee flexion.

Conclusions
Patello-femoral and femoro-tibial joint kinematics could be improved, making LRR a viable surgical option in carefully selected patients with isolated LRT. However, pathologically increased femoral internal rotation during early knee flexion remained unaffected by LRR and thus potentially accounts for persistent pain.

Level of evidence
II.
Low-frequency variability of the Pacific Subtropical Cells as reproduced by coupled models and ocean reanalyses
Authors: Graffino Giorgio , Farneti Riccardo , Kucharski Fred 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLow-frequency variability of the Pacific Subtropical Cells (STCs) is investigated using outputs from several models included in the two latest phases of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP), CMIP5 and CMIP6, as well as ocean reanalysis products. Our analysis focuses on historical simulations and an idealised future scenario integration. Mass and heat transport diagnostics are employed to assess how coupled models and ocean reanalyses reproduce Pacific STCs total and interior transport convergence at the equator and their relationship with equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST). Trends of mass and heat transport are also evaluated, in order to study how the STCs are expected to change in a warming climate. A large spread is obtained across models in simulated mass transports, confirming that coupled models do not agree on reproducing observed Pacific STCs dynamics, with very limited improvement by CMIP6 models. Compared to ocean reanalysis products, coupled models tend to underestimate the STCs interior transport convergence, and are less efficient on propagating the signal generated by the subtropical wind stress towards the equator. Also, mass transport obtained from ocean reanalyses exhibit larger variability, and these products also better reproduce the STCs-SST relationship. Future scenario simulations suggest a weakening (strengthening) of the heat transport by the North (South) Pacific cell under warmer conditions, with a general agreement across models. Equatorward mass transport trends do not confirm this for total and interior components, but they do for the western boundary component.
Predictors of lymphocyte count recovery after dimethyl fumarate-induced lymphopenia in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lucchini Matteo , Prosperini Luca , Buscarinu Maria Chiara , Centonze Diego , Conte Antonella , Cortese Antonio , Elia Giorgia , Fantozzi Roberta , Ferraro Elisabetta , Gasperini Claudio , Ianniello Antonio , Landi Doriana , Marfia Girolama Alessandra , Nociti Viviana , Pozzilli Carlo , Salvetti Marco , Tortorella Carla , Mirabella Massimiliano 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an oral drug approved for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS) patients. Grade III lymphopenia is reported in 5–10% DMF-treated patients. Data on lymphocyte count (ALC) recovery after DMF withdrawal following prolonged lymphopenia are still scarce.

Objectives
To characterize ALC recovery and to identify predictors of slower recovery after DMF interruption.

Methods
Multicenter data from RMS patients who started DMF and developed lymphopenia during treatment were collected. In patients with grade II–III lymphopenia, ALCs were evaluated from DMF withdrawal until reaching lymphocyte counts > 800/mm3.

Results
Among 1034 patients who started DMF, we found 198 (19.1%) patients with lymphopenia and 65 patients (6.3%) who discontinued DMF due to persistent grade II–III lymphopenia. Complete data were available for 51 patients. All patients recovered to ALC > 800 cells/mm3 with a median time of 3.4 months. Lower ALCs at DMF suspension (HR 0.98; p = 0.005), longer disease duration (HR 1.29; p = 0.014) and prior exposure to MS treatments (HR 0.03; p = 0.025) were found predictive of delayed ALC recovery.

Conclusion
ALC recovery after DMF withdrawal is usually rapid, nevertheless it may require longer time in patients with lower ALC count at DMF interruption, longer disease duration and previous exposure to MS treatments, potentially leading to delayed initiation of a new therapy.
Systematic review of illness uncertainty management interventions for cancer patients and their family caregivers
Authors: Guan Ting , Qan’ir Yousef , Song Lixin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeIllness uncertainty pervades individuals’ experiences of cancer across the illness trajectory and is associated with poor psychological adjustment. This review systematically examined the characteristics and outcomes of interventions promoting illness uncertainty management among cancer patients and/or their family caregivers.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were systematically searched for relevant literature. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies focusing on interventions for uncertainty management in cancer patients and/or their family caregivers.ResultsOur database searches yielded 26 studies. Twenty interventions were only offered to cancer patients, who were mostly elder, female, and White. All interventions included informational support. Other intervention components included emotional support, appraisal support, and instrumental support. Most interventions were delivered in person and via telephone (n = 8) or exclusively in person (n = 7). Overall, 18 studies identified positive intervention effects on illness uncertainty outcomes.ConclusionThis systematic review foregrounds the promising potential of several interventions—and especially multi-component interventions—to promote uncertainty management among cancer patients and their family caregivers. To further improve these interventions’ effectiveness and expand their potential impact, future uncertainty management interventions should be tested among more diverse populations using rigorous methodologies.
Quantitative determination of cut efficiency during soft tissue surgery using diode lasers in the wavelength range between 400 and 1500 nm
Authors: Hanke Amelie , Fimmers Rolf , Frentzen Matthias , Meister Jörg 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWithin the scope of this ex vivo study, the cut efficiency was investigated with eight diode laser wavelengths in the range from 400 to 1500 nm. Incisions on porcine gingiva samples were generated in CW-mode at a power range of 0.5–4 W using a bare fiber (∅ = 320 μm) in contact and non-contact mode at a cut speed of 2 mm/s. Cut depths, cut widths, and thermal damages were recorded based on histological sections and were evaluated via measurement masks. Moreover, with respect to the controllability of a therapeutic measure, an efficiency factor was defined. At powers above 2 W, for 445 nm, the maximum cut depth was 820 μm and 344 μm for 810 nm, respectively. At all wavelength and power ranges, the cut width averaged 125 μm. At minimum output power (0.5 W), the spatial expansion of the thermal damage in the tissue surface layer corresponds in the blue/green wavelength range from the very beginning of the laser impact to the fiber core diameter. It could be shown that increases in the diode laser power output do not correlate to the same extent with the incision depth nor with thermal damage to tissue.