bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug Therapy and Adherence in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Results of the Russian Part of the EUROASPIRE V International Multicenter Study
Authors: Pogosova N. V. , Boytsov S. A. , Ausheva A. K. , Sokolova O. Y. , Arutyunov A. A. , Osipova I. V. , Pozdnyakov Yu. M. 
Published: September 2021

Aim To study the practice of drug treatment of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and the consistency of this practice with the established guidelines.Material and methods Results of the Russian part of the EUROASPIRE V study were compared with the general European population of the study. At ≥6 mos. and <2 years after the discharge from the hospital, patients were invited to visit the site for an interview. The drug therapy recommended upon discharge and taken by patients in the long-term as well as the patients’ compliance with the treatment were analyzed. In Russian centers, 699 patients were registered, and 399 of them visited the centers for the interview.Results Upon discharge from the hospital, patients of the Russian cohort and of the entire study population were prescribed acetylsalicylic acid or other antiplatelet drugs (99.2% and 94.1%, respectively); beta-blockers (87.2 and 81.6%, respectively); angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (69.9% and 61.1%, respectively); sartans (16.5% and 14.2 %, respectively); calcium channel blockers (19.3 and 19.4 %, respectively); nitrates (8.0% and 22.5 %, respectively); diuretics (31.1 and 32.5 %, respectively); statins (98.0% and 85.0 %, respectively); and anticoagulants (6.6 and 8.3 %, respectively). For the long-term treatment, patients of the Russian cohort and of the entire study population took antiplatelets (94.7 % and 92.5 %, respectively); beta-blockers (83.2% and 81.0 %, respectively); ACE inhibitors (60.2% and 57.3 %, respectively); sartans (19.3% and 18.4 %, respectively); calcium antagonists (21.1% and 23.0 %, respectively); nitrates (9.0% and 18.2 %, respectively); diuretics (31.8% and 33.3 %, respectively); statins (88.2% and 80.8 %, respectively); and anticoagulants (8.8% and 8.2 %, respectively). High intensity hypolipidemic therapy was prescribed to 54.0 % of patients in Russian centers and 60.3 % of patients in the entire study. Both Russian and international patients evaluated their compliance with the prescribed medication as high.Conclusion According to results of the EUROASPIRE V study as compared to earlier studies, the practice of drug therapy in Russian patients with IHD has significantly approached European indexes. Further optimization is possible by a more extensive use of high intense hypolipidemic treatment and antidiabetic drugs with a documented positive effect on prognosis of cardiovascular diseases.
Clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients with an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator in real clinical practice (data from the Kuzbass register)
Authors: Lebedeva N. B. , Talibullin I. V. , Temnikova T. B. , Mamchur S. E. , Barbarash O. L. 
Published: September 2021

Aim To study the consistency of the practice of management, selection and routing of patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) selected for cardioverter-defibrillator implantation (CDI) with current clinical guidelines and to evaluate the quality of subsequent outpatient follow-up and treatment based on a retrospective analysis of clinical amnestic data from the Kuzbass Registry of Patients with CDI.Material and methods The study was based on the Registry of Patients with Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillator and included successive data of 28 patients hospitalized to the Kizbass Cardiological Center from 2015 through 2019. Social and clinical amnestic characteristics, indications for CVI, and concomitant drug therapy were analyzed retrospectively. Statistical analyses were performed with the Statistica 10.0 software (Statsoft, USA).Results Median age of patients was 59 (53; 66) years; 239 (83.6 %) men were included; 29 (10.1%) people were employed, CHI was performed in 182 (63.6 %) patients for prevention of SCC, and for secondary prevention in 104 (36.4 %) patients. 208 (72.7 %) patients were diagnosed with ischemic heart disease (IHD), and 145 (67.9 %) of them underwent myocardial revascularization. Noncoronarogenic diseases were found in 78 (27.3 %) patients, and most of them were diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy. All patients had chronic heart failure (CHF); half of them had stage IIA CHF. Median left ventricular ejection fraction was 30 (25; 36,5) % according to echocardiography using the Simpson method. Comorbidity was found in 151 (52.8 %) patients. 128 (44.8%) patients received a triple neurohormonal blockade for CHF treatment; titration to target doses was not performed in any of them. Antiarrhythmics were administered to 150 (52.4 %) patients.Conclusion According to the data from the Kuzbass Registry of CVI, the main patient cohort consisted of men of pension age with IHD and CHF. Before CVI, more than a half of them had not received an optimum drug therapy and not all of them had received target lesion revascularization. Creating and analysis of Registries of CHI patients is an effective method for identifying existing problems in patient management before CVI and for optimizing their subsequent follow-up and treatment.
Detection of NS1 antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies using a commercial Dengue rapid test kit for the diagnosis of dengue infection in patients with acute febrile illness
Authors: Suma Nalamanda , Sarada T 
Published: September 2021

Dengue is an endemic arboviral illness. With the increasing incidence of dengue infection, an early diagnostic confirmation of dengue infection in patients facilitates timely clinical intervention, etiological investigation, and disease control. Objective of this study was to evaluate a commercially available serological test kit - Dengue Day 1 Test. This is for the detection of dengue NS1 antigen, differential detection of IgM and IgG antibodies on a single acute serum sample. Atotal of 100 patients with acute febrile illness were included in this study. Serum samples were analysed for Dengue NS1 Ag, IgM & IgG Antibodies using a commercially available Dengue Day 1 Test, rapid solid phase immuno-chromatographic test.As many as 23 (23%) samples were NS1 positive and 17 (17%) samples were positive for IgM antibodies. Based on the combination of dengue NS1 antigen and IgM antibody test, total of 34 patients (34%) were positive for dengue virus infection.Results of the study suggested that a combination of dengue NS1 antigen and IgM antibody tests would increase the rate of detection of dengue illness. This combination would increase the efficacy and aid in early diagnosis of dengue infection.
Adult Native Joint Septic Arthritis: A Nine-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Portuguese University Hospital
Authors: Cipriano Ana , Santos Fábio Videira , Dias Rita , Carvalho André , Reis Ernestina , Pereira Claudia , Santos Ana Cláudia , Sousa Ricardo , Abreu Miguel Araújo 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Septic arthritis of a native joint represents a medical emergency. Drainage and effective antibiotic treatment are critical to avoid joint destruction and long-term impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with the diagnosis of septic arthritis to help establish local guidelines for empirical antibiotic treatment.Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of adult patients admitted at Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto from 2009 to 2017 with suspected native joint septic arthritis. Relevant demographics, microbiology findings and respective antibiotic susceptibilities were analysed.Results: Ninety-seven patients, predominantly males (59.8%) with a median age of 61 years old were included. The most commonly reported comorbidity associated with septic arthritis was diabetes mellitus (20.6%). The knee was the most commonly affected joint (71.1%). Arthrocentesis was performed in all patients, but only 50.5% had positive microbial growth in the synovial fluid. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently identified microorganism, 86% of which were methicillin susceptible. Gram-negative bacteria were the causative agent in 15% of cases. A wide range of empirical antibiotic regimens were prescribed with a combination of vancomycin/carbapenem being the most common (30.9%). Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility profiles revealed that amoxicillin/clavulanate would have been appropriate as the initial regimen in 89% of cases.Discussion: The main causative pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus, with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus remaining rare. The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria implies that these agents should be covered by empirical treatment, although no case of Pseudomonas infection has been identified. Therefore, antipseudomonal coverage is not necessary in empirical regimens.Conclusion: Routine coverage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not warranted but must be considered when specific risk factors are found. Amoxicillin/clavulanate can provide adequate antibiotic coverage as an empirical treatment for adult native joint septic arthritis. Its use may allow a reduction in use of broader spectrum antibiotics.
Digitalization as a trend in library development
Authors: Tikunova I. P. 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this article is to introduce into the scientific circulation the results of the research work started in 2019 by the Russian State Library (RSL) with the aim to identify, analyze and characterize processes of digitalization of public libraries of the Russian Federation as well as to make the forecast of their further development. In the course of the research, there was done the analysis of normative documents, publications in the professional press and on the sites of Russian and foreign journals, other net actors, accumulating and testing scientific information about digitalization of librarianship; examination of libraries’ sites as points of access to distant library services.The summarization of the significant empirical base made it possible to identify and characterize the main trends in the process of digitalization of public libraries, as well as to conduct a comparative analysis of international and domestic experience in the introduction of digital technologies into library practice.During the first two stages of this scientific project, there was defined the concept of “library digitalization”, studied the content of the process of library digitalization, identified the main avenues and analyzed forms and areas of application of new information technologies in library practice.The results of the research have indicated that digitalization affects the development of all the main areas of library activities. The introduction of digital technologies leads to significant changes in the forms and methods of library work and library communications.There have been identified several main vectors of library digitalization development: digitization of library collections and creation of digital resources; development of the remote user services via the Internet, robotization of library processes and implementation of mobile communication technologies, augmented reality and radio frequency identification. The objectives of the introduction of digital technologies into library practice have been formulated as follows: liberation of library specialists from routine library work for to perform processes that require intellectual and creative abilities. The results of this research have important theoretical and practical significance.
Oxygen Isotope Offsets in Deep-Water Benthic Foraminifera
Authors: Jöhnck Janika , Holbourn Ann , Kuhnt Wolfgang , Andersen Nils 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Despite the extensive use of the benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope composition (δ18O) as a proxy for paleoclimatic reconstructions, uncertainties remain regarding the consistency of interspecies offsets and the environmental factors controlling 18O fractionation. We investigated δ18O offsets of some frequently used Uvigerina, Bulimina, and Cibicidoides species in core top samples from different hydrographic and sedimentary regimes in the South China Sea, Makassar Strait, and Timor Strait/Eastern Indian Ocean. The δ18O values of the epifaunal taxa Cibicidoides mundulus and Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi showed no significant offset in all investigated regions, whereas shallow infaunal Cibicidoides species exhibited higher variability and were less reliable. We found no offsets between species of Uvigerina and Bulimina and assume that these genera can be measured together and/or substituted. Our results show that epifaunal taxa are close to equilibrium with ambient seawater and thus provide more reliable records of past ice volume and/or bottom water temperature variations than infaunal taxa. Offsets among equilibrium calcite, epifaunal taxa, and infaunal taxa are not constant “vital effects” but are influenced by changing gradients in bottom to pore water pH and carbonate ion concentrations that depend on deep-water ventilation and export flux of particulate carbonate and organic carbon. Offsets between epifaunal and infaunal taxa varied between 0.58 and 0.73‰, depending on regional bottom and pore water conditions. Our findings highlight the importance of regional and temporal variations in organic carbon flux/degradation and dissolution of calcite that may lead to slight under- or overestimates of the amplitude of δ18O fluctuations, especially during times of rapidly changing calcite-saturation of bottom and pore water.
Biosynthesis And Structural Characterization of Levan By A Recombinant Levansucrase From Bacillus Subtilis ZW019
Authors: Wang Jingyue , Xu Xinan , Zhao Fangkun , Yin Nan , Zhou Zhijiang , Han Ye 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The yield of levan extracted from microbial fermentation broth is low, so in vitro catalytic synthesis of levan by levansucrase is expected to be one of the industrial production approaches of levan. Methods: A recombinant plasmid pET-28a-AcmA-Z constructed in the previous study was used to produce levansucrase. The effects of temperature, pH, and metal ions on the levan formation activity of the levansucrase were investigated. The polymer was analyzed by means of HPIC, FTIR, NMR techniques.Results: The recombinant levansucrase could be easily purified in one step and the purified enzyme had a single band clearly visible in SDS-PAGE. The conditions for enzymatic reactions was optimal at pH 5.2 and 40 ℃, and the activity of enzymes was stimulated by K+ and Ca2+. The yield of levan biosynthesis from 10% (w/v) sucrose with 6.45 U/g sucrose of levansucrase was 30.6 g/L. The molecular weight of the levan was about 1.56×106 Da, as measured by GPC. HPIC analysis showed that the monosaccharide composition of the levan was fructose and glucose. The results of FTIR and NMR analysis indicated that the polymer produced by the recombinant levansucrase was β-(2, 6) levan.Conclusions: The results of this study provide a basis for large-scale production of levan by enzymatic method.
Neutralization Characteristics of HIV-1 CRF01_AE Env Clones From Infections in China
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Zhou Zehua , Li Xueli , An Yimeng , Jiang Fei , Wang Youchun , Gao Feng , Huang Weijin , Liao Lingjie , Xing Hui , Yu Bin , Zhao Chenyan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Owing to the increasing prevalence of HIV-1 CRF01_AE, it is necessary to understand the neutralization properties of CRF01_AE and to develop broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnmAbs) that can neutralize this virus. The full-length Env gene was cloned from HIV-1 CRF01_AE-infected plasma specimens collected in China and used to establish pseudoviruses. Neutralization phenotypes of the pseudoviruses were characterized with bnmAbs. The neutralizing activities of 11 bnmAbs VRC01, VRC03, IgG1b12 and 3BNC117 (targeting the CD4 binding site); PG9 (targeting the V1V2 region); 2G12 (targeting the high mannose patch), PGT135 and 10-1074 (targeting the V3 glycans); 2F5, 4E10 and 10E8 (targeting the membrane proximal external region), against 36 pseudoviruses were analyzed, demonstrating varying efficacies. In general, VRC01, 10E8 and 3BNC117 showed strong neutralizing activity, neutralizing more than 75% of the pseudoviruses; followed by PG9 and 4E10, showing moderate neutralizing activity with neutralization of 50%–60% of the pseudoviruses; whereas the efficacies of the remaining bnmAbs were poor, neutralizing less than 15% of pseudoviruses tested. Env variants of CRF01_AE from one infection also showed significant differences in resistance to neutralization. These characterized HIV-1 CRF01_AE pseudoviruses could be used for neutralization studies and evaluation of vaccines or anti-HIV-1 products in China.
Biochemical Response and Nutrient Uptake of Two Arbuscular Mycorrhiza-Inoculated Chamomile Varieties under Different Water Potentials
Authors: Ebrahimi Fatemeh , Salehi Amin , Dehnavi Mohsen Movahedi , Mirshekari Amin , Hamidian Mohammad , Hazrati Saeid 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWater-deficit stress is one of the most important sources of damage to crop production worldwide. Adopting appropriate varieties using soil microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM) fungi can significantly reduce the adverse effects of water deficiency. This study is aimed to evaluate the role of Funneliformis mosseae on nutrients uptake and some physiological traits of two chamomile varieties namely Bodgold (Bod) and Soroksári (Sor) under water-deficit stress. The pot experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three factors: water-deficit stress (PEG 6000) was applied along with Hoagland solution at three levels (0, -0.4 and -0.8 MPa), two German chamomile varieties (Bodgold (Bod) and Soroksari (Sor)) and AM inoculation (Funneliformis mosseae species (fungal and non-fungal)) at four replications in perlite substrate. ResultsWater-deficit stress significantly reduced the uptake of macro-nutrients (N, P, and K) and micro-nutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn) in the shoots and roots. Moreover, the level of osmolytes (total soluble sugars and proline) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the shoots of both varieties increased under water-deficit stress. In the case of Sor variety, the level of these compounds was more satisfactory. AM improved plant nutrition uptake and osmolyte contents while enhancing antioxidant enzymes and reducing the adverse effects of water-deficit stress. Under water-deficit stress, the growth and total dry weight improved upon AM inoculation. ConclusionsIn general, inoculation of chamomile with AM balanced the uptake of nutrients increased the level of osmolytes, antioxidant enzymes, and hence improved plant characteristics under water-deficit stress in both varieties, however, it was more effective in reducing stress damages in Sor variety.
Antidepressants Fluoxetine Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through ATF4-AKT-mTOR Signaling Pathway.
Authors: Shao Shali , Du Yajing , Zhuang Xibing , Qiao Tiankui 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cancer patients often suffer the depression with worse quality of life and prognosis. Therefore, studying how antidepressants affect the cancer is of great significance. Recent years witnessed the reports that antidepressants have the antiproliferation effect, However, in lung cancer it’s still unclear about the specific molecular target. This study mainly focused on how fluoxetine influenced different types of cells and discovered the molecular basis of its inhibitory effect in lung cancer. The specific antiproliferation effect and autophagy induced by fluoxetine on lung cancer cell were shown in CCK8 and immunofluorescence. The RNA sequence hinted that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related protein and mTOR pathway were enriched after fluoxetine treating. Western blot results revealed that the ER stress pathway was activated by fluoxetine, including PERK, ATF4, and CHOP, while the AKT/mTOR pathway was inhibited. In addition, the transfection of ATF4 siRNA further discovered that ER stress participated in the inhibition of AKT/mTOR pathway and the induction of antiproliferation and autophagy in the fluoxetine-treated cells. More importantly, fluoxetine was demonstrated to play cytotoxic activity in cancer cells without affecting normal cells. Our results showed that fluoxetine triggered the ATF4-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway to induce cell cycle arrest and autophagy restraining cancer cells’ growth in lung cancer. This study found fluoxetine unaffected the proliferation of normal lung epithelial cells, providing safe clinical therapeutic strategies for lung cancer patients with depression.
Determinants of Under-Five Mortality in Tach-Armachiho District, North Gondar, Ethiopia
Authors: ABERA AGMAS SISAY , YOHANNIS HUNACHEW KIBRET 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Under-five mortality rate, often known by its acronym U5MR, indicates the probability of dying between birth and five years of age, expressed per 1,000 live births. Globally, 16,000 children under-five still die every day. Especially in Sub-Saharan Africa every 1 child in 12, dying before his or her fifth birthday. This study aims to identify the determinants of under-five mortality among women in child bearing age group of Tach-Armachiho district using count regression models. Methods: For achieving the objective, a two stage random sampling technique (simple random sampling and systematic random sampling techniques in the first and second stages respectively) was used to select women respondents. The sample survey conducted in Tach-Armachiho district considered a total of 3815 households of women aged 15 to 49 years out of which the information was collected from 446 selected women through interviewer administrated questionnaire. Results: The descriptive statistics result showed that in the district 16.6% of mothers have faced the problem of at least one under-five death. In this study, Poisson regression, negative binomial, zero-inflated Poisson and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were applied for data analysis. Each of these count models were compared by different statistical tests. So that, zero-inflated poisson regression model was found to be the best fit for the collected data. Results of the zero-inflated Poisson regression model showed that education of husband, source of water, mother occupation, kebele of mother, prenatal care, place of delivery, place of residence, wealth of house hold, average birth interval and average breast feeding were found to be statistically significant determinants of under-five mortality. Conclusions: In this study, it was found that the factors like average birth interval and average breast feeding were found to be statistically significant factors in both groups (not always zero category and always zero category) with under-five child death whereas education of husband, source of water, place of delivery, mother occupation and wealth index of the household have significant effect on under-five mortality under not always zero group. Place of residence, kebele of mother and prenatal care have a significant effect on under-five mortality in Tach-Armachiho district on inflated group.