bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep, Lifestyle, and Socioeconomic Markers of Mental Aging and Well-Being: Lessons From England, China, and Japan
Authors: Steptoe Andrew 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Healthy ageing has become a popular topic worldwide. We investigated the role of sleep, leisure activities, and socioeconomic inequalities in relation to cognitive decline, wellbeing, and quality of life in data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR), national representative samples of England, China and Japan, respectively. We found an inverted U-shaped association between sleep quality and memory in English adults and a positive dose-response association in Chinese older adults (Brocklebank). In another examination, we found that younger English individuals playing games had lower quality-of-life than older participants who game, and this association is more pronounced for widowed individuals than others (Almeida-Meza). Cognitive impairment and dementia represent significant challenges worldwide. In a cross-country investigation, we found that the prevalence of MCI was twice as great in England compared with Japan, but that the two nations differ slightly across socioeconomic correlates (Gireesh). In another cross-country comparison between England and China, we found that the rate of memory change appeared socioeconomically patterned, primarily by education and area-based characteristics (urban vs. rural), with a more substantial impact on rural China inequalities compared to England (Cadar). Our results indicate more robust educational and geographical disparities in China and increased occupational impact among English and Japanese participants. Our findings highlight the imperative need for policy interventions and tailored strategies to protect those particularly disadvantaged in England and China.
Teaching Anti-Racism in Gerontology: An Interactive Program of Recognition, Self-Work, Pedagogy, and Action
Authors: Pestine-Stevens Althea , Newsham Tina K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Older adults with intersecting identities as persons of color experience disparities in health and well-being due to racism in individual and structural spheres, which have been amplified by health, economic, and social consequences of COVID-19. We can begin the work to reduce these inequities by training scholars and practitioners to disrupt the systems within which we work that relegate advantages and disadvantages throughout the life course and in later life by racial groups. This interactive symposium presents resources on anti-racist gerontological education and provides an opportunity to engage critically with peers in all stages of their careers and anti-racism journeys who are interested in integrating anti-racism into their teaching. The first presenter introduces conversations to begin anti-racist pedagogy and assumptions to dismantle. The second presenter describes cultural humility as an essential step towards self-awareness and critical self-reflection for educators and practitioners. The third presenter presents how anti-racist pedagogy, a teaching approach that combines racial content, pedagogy, and organizing, may be applied to gerontology education. Fourth, an example will be presented from an online course module developed to guide Master of Social Work students toward recognizing racial disparities in aging services systems and identifying concrete suggestions for improvement. Finally, strategies for curriculum design will be presented with examples from Public Health education. This symposium is designed to include ample time for group discussion on this critical and under-addressed area of teaching in gerontology across disciplines, such that participants can better connect with others to build awareness, competency, and resources.
Modes of Transportation to Medical and Primary Care Among Older Adults
Authors: Suntai Zainab , Kubanga Kefentse , Adanu Emmanuel , Lidbe Abhay 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Transportation is an increasingly meaningful concern for older adults as physical, cognitive, and psychological changes in older adulthood impact mobility and accessibility. While several studies have examined the modes of transportation used among older adults, few have explored specifically how older adults are accessing primary care/medical care services. As such, this study aimed to determine the specific modes of transportation used among older adults for primary care visits. Data were derived from the 2018 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), an annual longitudinal panel survey of older adults aged 65 and older living in the United States. Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine the prevalence of several modes of access and logistic regression models were used to predict the likelihood of using the two most prevalent transportation modes, based on sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors. Results showed that 70% of older adults drive themselves to their doctor, 34.8% rely on a family member, friend, or paid person, 2.4% have a home visit, 2.1% use public transportation, 1.5% walk to their doctor and 1.1% use a taxi. Additionally, having higher income, being of younger age, being White, and having post-secondary education was associated with driving oneself to the doctor. These results indicate that while most older adults are still self-reliant on transportation to medical providers, those with lower socioeconomic status are particularly at risk of losing driving independence. Transportation-related interventions should therefore consider targeting individuals with lower economic capital by proving financial assistance, ride-share programs, and other innovative approaches.
The Promising Impact of a Virtual Music Intervention for Persons With Dementia
Authors: McDowell Cynthia , Walton Jannell , Sheets Debra , Smith Andre , Stawski Robert , MacDonald Stuart 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study examines the within-person association between negative affect and global cognitive function for persons with dementia. Participants (n=33) engaged weekly in the Voices in Motion (ViM) sociocognitive choral intervention spanning up to 18-months and 9 individual assessments. Results revealed a significant time-varying association whereby within-person improvements in negative affect dynamically covaried with improvements on the Mini Mental State Examination (p&lt;.05) across months of participation. These findings imply that, within-persons, reducing comorbidities associated with dementia (e.g., elevated negative affect) through participation in a lifestyle intervention, may facilitate increases in cognitive function. During the current pandemic, ViM transitioned to an online choir allowing for individuals to continue participating in the intervention and to maintain necessary social connections. The discussion focuses on the implications of this virtual choral intervention and the importance of modifiable risk factors such as negative affect and social isolation on the maintenance of cognitive health.
Modulators of Caregiver Distress and Corresponding Impacts on Persons With Dementia
Authors: Trites Michaella , Santana Sebastian , Sheets Debra , Smith Andre , Stawski Robert , MacDonald Stuart 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Extensive literature documents the detrimental effects of caregiver distress (CD) for caregivers. Less is known about the impact that CD exerts upon their care recipients, particularly persons with dementia (PwD). Using multilevel modeling, this study employed dyadic data from the Voices in Motion study to examine time-varying within-person associations between key caregiver and care recipient indicators of psychosocial function. An initial dyadic coupling model indicated that cognitive functioning for PwD and caregiver well-being significantly predicted shifts in CD. A second time-varying dyadic model found that, within dyads, high levels of CD predicted lower positive affect and increased depression scores in PwD. Most sociocognitive interventions target a sole member of a dyad; our results suggest that both dyad members are impacted simultaneously. Caregiver well-being impacts CD, which in turn, impacts well-being in PwD. The symbiotic relationship between care partners and PwD is nuanced, with further research required to understand the interdependencies.
Coping With Uncertainty: Use of Contemplative Practices Amid a Pandemic
Authors: Lekhak Nirmala , Bhatta Tirth , Goler Tim , Kahana Eva 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Contemplative practices have been used as coping resources to reduce the negative influences of adverse life situations on mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted older adults, causing immense uncertainty, stress, and anxiety. By using data from our “Coping with Pandemic” nationwide web-based survey (n=1861), we examine the utilization of practices such as meditation, prayer, and yoga across social, economic, and health status during the pandemic. Consistent with studies conducted before the pandemic, we find significantly greater utilization of meditation and yoga among women and higher educated individuals. Findings showed significantly greater usage of prayer among women and Blacks. Unlike previous studies, we documented greater usage of meditative practices among Blacks than Whites. Older adults with higher anxiety were significantly more likely to practice meditation and yoga. Our study offers much needed guidance for future intervention studies aimed at improving mental health among diverse groups of older adults.
An Evolving Inquiry of Monastic Spiritual Care for Aging Inmates
Authors: Bishop Alex , Randall Kevin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This investigation involved focus-group inquiry of the Oblates in Prison Program, a faith-based ministry founded on monastic principles in the Rule of St. Benedict. Data from a Benedictine Order monk and program coordinator, ordained prison minister, and lay ministry volunteer were collected. Participants were asked a series of questions regarding the spiritual care of aging prisoners. Responses were coded and cross-compared for thematic content. Of central thematic importance was implementation of a spiritual care model using traditional monastic rules for daily living. A second theme centered on purposeful rebuilding of self-renewal through stability and obedience. A final emergent theme encompassed institutional acceptance in the provision of religious sacraments, sacred texts, and artifacts. Results highlight the broader implications of providing spiritual care and outreach to aging prisoners. The role of restorative justice for successful delivery of faith-based spiritual care for improved rehabilitation of aging inmates will be further addressed.
Advance Care Planning in the Context of COVID-19: Complexities Across a Range of Constituents
Authors: Carpenter Brian , Hirschman Karen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brought serious illness and death into close proximity for a large number of people, whether through personal experience, infection in family members or friends, or unremitting media coverage on the effects of the virus and widespread mortality. Because of a collective vulnerability to illness and the heightened possibility of death, more people began to contemplate what kinds of medical care they would want if they ever became seriously ill. In other words, more people began the process of advance care planning (ACP). This symposium explores how the COVID-19 pandemic shifted interest in and execution of ACP across a range of groups. The first presentation reviews survey data from a large, community-based sample of older adults about their ACP conversations before and after the start of the pandemic. Shifting to the experience of clinicians, the second presentation summarizes a survey with multidisciplinary healthcare professionals about ACP conversations in their personal lives during the pandemic and how their observations of patients influenced their own plans. The third presentation describes the reactions of undergraduate students to an ACP class exercise, including COVID-19 as a motivating factor for pursuing ACP. The final presentation concludes with a review of two clinical cases that illustrate how COVID-19 has upended traditional ACP and highlighted the need for new policies and processes, with a particular focus on ethics and equity. Together, these presentations offer diverse insights into how ACP may shift in a post-pandemic world.
A New Normal? Continued Impact of COVID19 on Alzheimer’s Clinical Trials Research
Authors: Rhodus Elizabeth , Gibson Allison , Bardach Shoshana , Abner Erin , Jicha Gregory 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to unprecedented challenges in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) clinical trials research. Scientists continue to grapple with the potential and multifaceted consequences of COVID-19. This presentation will discuss strategies used at a U.S. Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center to implement virtual methods to counter COVID-19’s impact on safety for continued research engagement; address the disparate impact by age, race, and ethnicity for online accessibility; and plans for virtual engagement in future research. As scientists navigate lasting implications of COVID-19, future study planning, design, and management will likely be altered. Specifically, increased awareness of participant-centered approaches, inclusion of psychosocial implications, and focus on ways to meet older adults’ unique needs of virtual accessibility will be needed. We must be intentional to counter COVID-19’s lasting impact on ADRD clinical trials research while maintaining rigor and reproducibility to uphold and progress advances toward treatment and cures for ADRD.
STAR Caregivers: Virtual Training and Followup: Implementation
Authors: Penfold Robert , Ramirez Maggie , McCurry Susan , Terry Linda , Ralston James , Hansen Kelly 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
STAR Caregivers is an evidence-based intervention designed to reduce caregiver burden for caregivers of people living with dementia. This study translated the paper-based, face-to-face intervention into a 6-session, self-directed online learning program supported by 6, 30-minute telephone calls with a clinically trained coach. Our approach is designed to overcome issues of access to training. Eligible caregiver-patient dyads at Kaiser Permanente Washington were identified automatically via electronic health records. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a sample of patients to elicit information about their needs and preferences for training. We developed a “learning management system” (analogous to compliance training modules) complete with slides, voice-over narration, and testing. The training sessions are mounted on the KP Learn site and accessible to anyone. Baseline and outcomes data on standardized instruments are collected remotely via REDCap. Recruitment for the study is ongoing and initial participant feedback on the program is very positive.
The Positive Impact of a Novel Air Purification Technology on Environmental and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Schlener Susan , Worrilow Kathryn 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Reducing sources of illness improves resident care. An advanced air purification technology (AAPT) was designed to destroy the DNA and RNA of all bacteria, fungi and viruses, rendering them non-infectious and to remediate volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study compares the biological, fungal and VOC loading using the AAPT to standard high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration. It was hypothesized that the AAPT would be associated with reductions in airborne and surface pathogens, VOCs and improved clinical metrics. A control floor with HEPA filtration and study floor with AAPT remediation were studied. Measurements of total VOCs and airborne and surface bacteria and fungi were measured in five locations on each floor. The facility acquired infection (FAI) rate, the number of infections divided by total patient days, showed a 57% difference between the control floor (2.33 FAIs/month) and the study floor (1.00 FAIs/month) and a decrease of 39.75% pre-installation (1.66 FAIs/month) to post-installation (1.00 FAIs/month). The viable pathogen loading measured on the study floor was reduced from an average of 483.8 colony forming units (CFU)/m3 pre-installation to an average of 56 CFU/m3 post-installation. VOCs were reduced from an average of 641.66 parts per billion (PPB) to 64.96 PPB and viable surface bacteria from an average of 110.6 CFU/m3 to 97.2 CFU/m3. The AAPT significantly reduced levels of infectious airborne and surface pathogens and VOC levels. As a result, residents on the AAPT floor demonstrated significant improvements in FAI rates. The findings support the hypothesis that environmental factors impact resident wellness.
Clark Tibbitts Award and Hiram J. Friedsam Mentorship Award Lectures
Authors: Dassel Kara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Clark Tibbitts Award lecture will feature an address by Debra Dobbs, PhD, FGSA in memory of the 2021 award recipient, Kathryn Hyer, PhD, FGSA. AGHE's Clark Tibbitts Award was established in 1980 and named for an architect of the field of gerontological education. The award is given each year to an individual or organization that has made an outstanding contribution to the advancement of gerontology and geriatrics education. The Hiram J. Friedsam Award lecture will feature an address by the 2021 award recipient, Pamela Elfenbein, MSW, PhD, FAGHE, HS-BCP. Hiram J. Friedsam was the professor, co-founder, and director of the Center for Studies in Aging and dean of the School of Community Service at the University of Northern Texas. Dr. Friedsam was an outstanding teacher, researcher, colleague, and mentor to students, faculty, and administrators, as well as a past president of AGHE. The purpose of this award is to recognize those who emulate Dr. Friedsam's excellence in mentorship.
Hiram J. Friedsam Award: Reflections of Mentors and Mentorship
Authors: Elfenbein Pamela 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Being honored with the AGHE Hiram J. Friedsam Mentorship Award brought into sharp focus the mentors who have guided my journey and a desire to share this moment with them. Preparation for this session provided the opportunity to reach out to those who have shaped my path and share memories of our journeys. Lesa Huber, when awarded the Hiram Friedsam Mentorship Award in 2013, wrote “those of us who have had great mentors know it is not so much what is said, but how it is said that is at the core of effective mentorship.” This presentation reflects on relationships built, wisdom shared, guidance offered, lessons learned by design and unintentionally, and passed on in my own way to the next generation.
Childhood Adversity Across the Lifespan: Assessing the Relationship Between ACEs and Subjective Cognitive Decline
Authors: Avent Elizabeth , Yonashiro-Cho Jeanine , Peterson Roberta , Mosqueda Laura , Gassoumis Zachary 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have long-term impacts on health throughout the life course. Emerging research found that 3+ ACEs are associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment, nearly 11 times more than those who have not experienced childhood adversity. This study further investigates the ACEs-SCD relationship using data from the 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Seven ACE questions were asked of respondents in California, Washington, and Wisconsin (n=5,898, aged 55+); SCD was measured as experiencing progressive confusion or memory loss in the last 12 months. A series of logistic regressions were run to separately model the presence of ACEs and ACE score on SCD. Fourteen percent reported SCD, with 65.4% of those reporting 1+ ACE. More SCD respondents reported 4+ ACEs (10.8%) than non-SCD respondents (4.8%). The most frequently reported ACEs among those with SCD were psychological abuse (34.9%) and substance abuse in the household (30.5%). Regression results showed greater SCD risk with increased ACE scores, up to 2.90 odds of SCD for 4+ ACEs compared to 0 ACEs (p&lt;.0001). Those reporting physical abuse and sexual abuse had the greatest odds (1.75 & 1.70, p&lt;.0001) of SCD. Findings demonstrate a strong association between childhood adversity and SCD, with physical and sexual abuse placing individuals at greatest risk. Results show possible pathways to which ACEs can lead to cognitive impairment. Findings implicate the importance of considering a lifespan perspective in childhood adversity and family violence work and the importance of considering early-life adversity when assessing risk for cognitive impairment.
Education, Occupation, and the Cognitive Performance Distribution of South Korean Older Adults
Authors: Ford Katherine , Leist Anja 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Earlier research suggests that educational attainment up to early adulthood are crucial for the development of cognitive reserve, while intellectually stimulating activities later in the life course are of limited impact. We sought to explore the effects of educational attainment and occupational factors (occupation type and currently having work) across the distribution of cognitive performance for adults aged 45-65 years in South Korea. We analysed scores from the Korean Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) provided in the 2006 wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. We used quantile regressions to both investigate relationships across the distribution and to reduce bias for measures of the central tendency as the MMSE is known for its ceiling effects. The quantile function at the lowest conditional decile of MMSE scores suggested that education level was the dominant significant factor for adult performance on the MMSE (lowest MMSE decile, primary education: β = 6.11 points, p &lt; 0.001; secondary education β = 9.56 points, p &lt; 0.001). All occupational factors were non-significant. Further factors with a significant association with the MMSE were hearing loss, the log-transformed household income, and age squared. With the conditional median function, occupational factors became significant in the middle of the distribution but remained much less important than education levels. In summary, educational levels were more important to explain variation in cognitive functioning than occupational factors, echoing studies with Western samples. We discuss the findings with regard to the historically gender unequal educational and occupational opportunities in Korea.
Laying Down the Groundwork for an International Measurement Infrastructure
Authors: Chu Charlene , McGilton Katherine , Zúñiga Franziska , Lepore Michael , Corazzini Kirsten 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 epidemic has brought to light the significant problems in the long-term care (LTC) sector, specifically the lack of an infrastructure to collect and aggregate data between LTC sectors in different countries. This talk will briefly describe goals of the WE-THRIVE initiative, and focus on exploring the development of “workforce and staffing” common data elements for LTC. We will describe how the subgroup is “laying down the groundwork” within this domain with various methodologies to develop CDEs related to workforce and staffing. The CDEs aim to measure staff retention and turnover, evaluating nursing supervisor effectiveness, and staff training in LTC. Anticipated challenges of this international work will also be highlighted. International research on LTC can valuably inform LTC policy and practice, and the proposed CDEs can facilitate data sharing and aggregation internationally, including low-, middle-, and high-income countries.