bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heliospheric effects caused by Sun-originating versus LISM-advected fluctuations
Authors: Strumik M. , Ratkiewicz R. 
Published: September 2021

Context. We investigate the response of the heliosphere to fluctuations in the local interstellar medium (LISM) as compared to the influence of solar-cycle fluctuations.
Aims. We discuss the differences between effects coming from the two types of drivers of time-dependent effects in the heliosphere in the context of the shape of the heliosphere, the thickness of the inner heliosheath, and the position of the ribbon of enhanced energetic neutral particle emission, as observed by the IBEX mission.
Methods. Our study is based on a comparison of fully time-dependent simulations obtained with a three-dimensional (3D) model of the heliosphere.
Results. We show that density fluctuations, taking the form of entropy waves and originating from the LISM, may reduce the thickness of the inner heliosheath to a similar extent as the solar-cycle effects. However, the relative motions of the termination shock and the heliopause in the two types of simulations are different. The amplitude of variation of the heliopause position is greater for the LISM fluctuation. The IBEX ribbon position is shown to be not significantly affected by the two types of drivers, although the effect of LISM fluctuation is stronger than that of the solar cycle. In this context, slight systematic changes of the position of the IBEX ribbon in its different sectors (i.e., changes in the heliospheric nose followed by variations in the heliospheric flanks) may serve as an indicator of the passage of a density fluctuation in the LISM, as suggested by our study. We also discuss the difficulties in fitting the LISM parameters in the presence of time-dependent effects.
The Effect of Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy versus Standard Fluid Therapy on the Cuff Leak Gradient in Patients Undergoing Complex Spine Surgery in Prone Position
Authors: Prasad Chandrakant , Radhakrishna Nayani , Pandia Mihir Prakash , Khandelwal Ankur , Singh Gyaninder Pal , Bithal Parmod Kumar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective Cuff leak test is an effective and established maneuver to predict airway edema. Standard fluid therapy (SFT) based on conventional monitoring is often associated with postoperative airway edema after complex spine surgeries. We conducted this prospective randomized controlled study to compare the effect of SFT versus goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) on the cuff leak gradient (CLG) in patients undergoing complex spine surgery in prone position. Our secondary objectives were to compare the effect of SFT and GDFT on sore throat, hoarseness, and length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay.

Materials and Methods Thirty consecutive American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II patients (18–60 years), of either sex, scheduled for spine surgery in prone position with expected duration of surgery more than 5 hours were included. The patients were randomized into two groups of 15 each. Group S patients (n = 15) served as control group and received SFT intraoperatively, while patients in group G (n = 15) received GDFT. Standard anesthetic protocol was followed in both the groups. The CLG was defined as the difference between the cuff leak volume (CLV) after intubation (CLVAI) and before extubation (CLVBE).

Statistical Analysis and Results CLG was significantly less in group G (group S, 137.12 mL; group G, 65.52 mL; p-value <0.001). Intravenous fluids, blood loss, and postoperative sore throat were comparatively lesser in group G, though not statistically significant. Postoperative hoarseness was significantly lower in group G (p-value = 0.003). Duration of ICU stay in group G (19.43 hours) was significantly lower (p-value = 0.009) than group S (24.64 hours), but length of hospital stay was comparable.

Conclusion GDFT significantly reduces airway edema and consequently reduces CLG as compared with SFT in patients undergoing complex spine surgery in prone position. Postoperatively, it also reduces sore throat, hoarseness of voice, and duration of ICU stay.
Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment: Modifications for Identifying Maternal Morbidity and Mortality in Obstetrical Patients
Authors: Cagino Sarah G. , Burke Alexandra A. , Letner Dorothea R. , Leizer Julie M. , Zelig Craig M. 
Published: September 2021

Objective Screening tools, including the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) criteria, have not been validated in the pregnant population. We aimed to determine if pregnancy-specific modifications to the quick SOFA (qSOFA) can improve prediction of severe maternal morbidity in pregnant women with serious infections.
Study Design We performed a retrospective cohort study of pregnant patients with severe infections admitted to a single institution from January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2017. The primary outcome was severe maternal morbidity, defined as a composite of adverse maternal outcomes: intensive care unit (ICU) admission for >48 hours, need for invasive monitoring (central line or arterial line), intubation, pharmacologic hemodynamic support (intravenous vasopressors or inotropes), and/or maternal death. A logistic regression was then applied and the resulting predictors were analyzed individually and in combination with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to modify qSOFA for pregnancy, that is, qSOFA-P.
Results Analysis of 104 pregnant patients with severe infections found that the standard qSOFA did not accurately predict severe maternal morbidity (ROC area under the curve [AUC] = 0.54, p = 0.49, sensitivity = 0.38, and specificity = 0.70). Pregnancy-specific modifications or “qSOFA-P” (respiratory rate [RR] ≥ 35 breaths/minute and systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≤ 85 mm Hg) significantly improved prediction of severe maternal morbidity (AUC = 0.77, p < 0.001, sensitivity = 0.79, and specificity = 0.74).
Conclusion The standard qSOFA is a poor screening tool in the prediction of severe maternal morbidity in pregnant patients with infections. A pregnancy-specific screening system, qSOFA-P, improved prediction of severe maternal morbidity in pregnant women with severe infections. Further prospective and large multicenter studies are needed to validate this scoring system in pregnant women.
Key Points
Clinical Predictors of Vibrator-Assisted Ejaculation following Spinal Cord Injury: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Alisseril Sivaram , Prakash Navin B. , Chandy Bobeena Rachel , Tharion George 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Introduction Infertility in men with spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs due to combination of factors like erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory failure, and semen abnormalities. Penile vibratory stimulation (PVS) is a known method of treatment for anejaculation. Predicting successful outcome of PVS depends on several clinical factors, which assess the intactness of the neural arc pertaining to the spinal ejaculation pattern generator. This study reports the clinical predictors for successful candidacy for a PVS trial in males with SCI.

Methods Twenty-three males with SCI, satisfying the inclusion criteria, were recruited in this prospective observational study. Participants underwent two trials of PVS with single high-amplitude vibrator. The clinical predictors recorded were neurological level, superficial abdominal reflex, cremasteric reflex, bulbocavernosus reflex, plantar reflex, ankle jerk, knee jerk, lower abdominal sensation, and hip flexor response. In addition, somatic responses during PVS were recorded and corelated. Participants who had successful ejaculation were “responders” and the others were termed as “nonresponders.” Binary logistic regression analysis of the clinical parameters was done to compare responders against nonresponders.

Results Of the twenty-three males (mean age 33.2 ± 6.8 years) with paraplegia, all four persons with neurological level above T9 had successful ejaculation with PVS. Among all the clinical parameters in the study, presence of somatic responses showed statistical significance in predicting successful ejaculation (p-value = 0.02).

Conclusion This study reports that in men with SCI, along with the level of injury, somatic responses and other clinical reflexes, should be considered concurrently to predict the outcome of vibrator assisted ejaculation.
Prognostic Impact of the Combination of MGMT Methylation and TERT Promoter Mutation in Glioblastoma
Authors: Tunthanathip Thara , Sangkhathat Surasak , Tanvejsilp Pimwara , Kanjanapradit Kanet 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background The concept of combinational analysis between the methylation of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (pTERT) mutation in glioblastoma (GBM) has been reported. The main study objective was to determine the prognosis of patients with GBM based on MGMT/pTERT classification, while the secondary objective was to estimate the temozolomide effect on the survival time of GBM with MGMT/pTERT classification.

Methods A total of 50 GBM specimens were collected after tumor resection and were selected for investigating MGMT methylation and pTERT mutation. Clinical imaging and pathological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with MGMT/pTERT classification were analyzed using survival analysis to develop the nomogram for forecasting and individual prognosis.

Results All patients underwent resection (total resection: 28%, partial resection: 64%, biopsy: 8%). Thirty-two percent of all cases received adjuvant temozolomide with radiotherapy. Sixty-four percent of the case was found methylated MGMT, and 56% of the present cohort found pTERT mutation. Following combinational analysis of biomarkers, results showed that the GBMs with methylated MGMT and wild-type pTERT had a superior prognosis compared with other subtypes. Using Cox regression analysis with multivariable analysis, the extent of resection, postoperative chemoradiotherapy, MGMT/pTERT classification were associated with a favorable prognosis. Hence, a web-based nomogram was developed for deploying individual prognostication.

Conclusions The interaction of MGMT methylation and pTERT mutation was confirmed for predicting prognosis. The results from the present study could help physicians create treatment strategies for GBM patients in real-world situations.
Primary Malignant Melanoma Limited to the External Auditory Canal: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Samal Dillip Kumar , Preetam C. , Sahoo Anjan Kumar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMalignant melanoma limited to the external auditory canal is very rare. These patients present relatively late as compared with melanoma involving other subsites of external ear. However, the tumor is slow-growing but shows aggressive behavior with a poor prognosis when presented late. We have a 44-year-old female who presented with a blackish lesion, which was bleeding on and off from her left ear. She was managed with wide local excision, preserving maximum part of external auditory canal cartilage. The histopathology of the lesion was suggestive of malignant melanoma. After a thorough evaluation, she was kept under close follow-up. Malignant melanoma of external auditory canal shows poor prognosis usually, mainly because of late presentation. Thus, early diagnosis is crucial, as in our case, where wide local excision was sufficing, and the patient is disease-free after 4 years of follow-up.
Why do we shake our heads?
Authors: Bross Fabian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article discusses several arguments in favor of the hypothesis that the headshake as a gesture for negation has its origins in early childhood experiences. It elaborates on Charles Darwin’s observation that children inevitably shake their heads in order to stop food intake when sated, thereby establishing a connection between rejection and the head gesture. It is argued that later in life the semantics of the headshake extends from rejection to negation – just as it can be observed in the development of spoken language negation. While Darwin’s hypothesis can hardly be tested directly, this paper takes a novel perspective and looks at the predictions it makes taking a plethora of sources of evidence into account. The question of how head gestures are used in cultures where the headshake is not a sign for negation or where other negative head gestures are in use will also be discussed.
Context, not sequence order, affects the meaning of bonobo (Pan paniscus) gestures
Authors: Graham Kirsty E. , Furuichi Takeshi , Byrne Richard W. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In most languages, individual words can be ambiguous between several different meanings, but through syntax and context
the intended meaning of an ambiguous word usually becomes apparent. Many great ape gestures also have ambiguous meanings, which poses the
problem of how individuals can interpret the signaller’s intended meaning in specific instances. We tested the effects of sequence
compositionality and situational context (including behavioural and interpersonal contexts) in wild bonobos (Pan paniscus)
at Wamba, DRCongo. We found no effect on a gesture’s meaning from its presence and position in sequence. However, two aspects of situational
context did affect meaning: behaviour of the signaller immediately prior to gesturing, and relative age/sex of signaller and recipient. The
intended meaning of ambiguous gestures was almost completely disambiguated by means of these aspects of context. Our findings suggest that
the use of contextual information to interpret ambiguous signals predates the uniquely-human lineage and is not specific to language.
Difficulties in reconciling non-negligible differences between
the local and cosmological values
of the gravitational coupling in
extended Brans-Dicke theories
Authors: Gómez-Valent Adrià , Hassan Puttasiddappa Prajwal 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recent studies by Solà Peracaula, Gómez-Valent, de Cruz Pérez and Moreno-Pulido (2019,2020) have pointed out the intriguing possibility that Brans-Dicke cosmology with constant vacuum energy density (BD-ΛCDM) may be able to alleviate the H
0 and σ
8 tensions that are found in the framework of the concordance cosmological model (GR-ΛCDM). The fitting analyses presented in these works indicate a preference for values of the effective gravitational coupling appearing in the Friedmann equation, G, about 4–9% larger than Newton's constant (as measured on Earth), and mildly evolving with the expansion of the universe. The signal reaches the ∼ 3.5σ c.l. when the prior on H
0 from SH0ES and the angular diameter distances to strong gravitationally lensed quasars measured by H0LICOW are considered, and the ∼ 3σ c.l. when only the former is included. Thus, the improvement in the description of the cosmological datasets relies on the existence of a mechanism capable of screening the modified gravity effects at those scales where deviations from standard General Relativity (GR) are highly constrained, as in the Solar System. In this paper we explore several extensions of BD-ΛCDM that can leave the cosmological evolution basically unaltered at the background and linear perturbations level, while being able to screen the Brans-Dicke effects inside the regions of interest, leading to standard GR. We search for weak-field solutions around spherical static massive objects with no internal pressure and show that, unfortunately, these mechanisms can only explain very tiny departures of the effective cosmological gravitational coupling from the one measured locally. This might hinder the ability of BD-ΛCDM to alleviate the cosmological tensions.
Prediction of Main Engine Speed and Fuel Consumption of Inland Ships Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Lei Lin , Wen Zecheng , Peng Zhongbo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The accurate fuel consumption forecasting system is for shipping companies to carry out fuel management more effectively in order to improve economic benefits. This article aims to use deep learning algorithms to improve the accuracy of ship engine speed and fuel consumption prediction. First, the main factors affecting the engine speed and fuel consumption of inland watercrafts are analyzed, and the input parameters of the neural network model are determined. Secondly, based on the dynamic time series characteristics of inland water vessels, the LSTM (Long short-term memory) algorithm with “time parameters” was selected to establish a neural network prediction model. Finally, the difference between the LSTM deep neural network model and the traditional machine learning model is compared, and the obtained prediction data is compared with the actual data. The experimental results show the superiority of deep learning in the prediction of main engine speed and fuel consumption of inland watercraft.
A Feature Clustering-Based IP Localization Algorithm
Authors: Gan Yong , Wang Yifan , Jia Dongwei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The geographic location of network IP is an important foundation of location-based services, which plays an increasingly important role in people’s daily life and work. However, the existing IP location methods based on database query, network measurement and machine learning often have some problems, such as poor timeliness, low reliability, difficult feature modeling and so on, or need a large amount of user data as support, which is often only suitable for the more ideal network environment, so the positioning accuracy and applicability are far from the actual needs. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an IP location method based on clustering. The initial IP address of the classifier is located by training. Combined with the method of IP address database matching, the accurate location of IP address is finally realized. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the method.
Knowledge Push Method Based on Clustering Algorithm and DSM Matrix
Authors: Wang Ding , Zhan Hongfei , Yu Junhe , Wang Rui 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the process of business execution of traditional enterprises, traditional knowledge push is difficult to provide accurate knowledge support for business execution decision-making due to the complicated business problems. Therefore, this paper proposes a knowledge-push model for business execution. Firstly, the business problems in the business process are clustered through the hierarchical clustering algorithm to ensure the cohesion of the business problems after clustering. Then DSM matrix is used to represent the coupling of clustered business problems. Finally, knowledge push is carried out on the divided business problems to provide accurate knowledge support for business executives to make business problems decisions.
Research on Remote Sensing Image Target Detection Methods Based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Chen Haiwen , Wang Lu , Zhang Lei , Li Yanping , Wu Yuting , Qi Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Remote sensing image is extremely important for the study of natural and social phenomena and environmental analysis, remote sense image with a complex background, the goal is relatively small, arbitrary direction and disordered distribution, difficult access to information. With the continuous development of convolutional neural networks, great achievements have been made in target detection on natural images, which provides a good solution for obtaining remote sensing image information. How to improve the existing detection algorithms to make them more suitable for the characteristics of remote sensing images has become the main research direction in the current exploration of remote sensing image information. This paper reviews the existing research results of target detection on remote sensing images in detail, and finally looks forward to the future research directions of target detection methods in remote sensing images.
Towards Better Understanding of SAR Image: Feature Enhancement via Non-Local and Low-Rank Approach
Authors: Tan Xintong , Yu Qi , Wang Zelong , Zhu Jubo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Feature enhancement for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is of great significance for their understanding and interpretation. In this work, we aim to address the issues by introducing the low-rank constraint into non-local means framework, dubbed NL_LR. The non-local means framework takes advantages of the non-local self-similarity of SAR images, which makes this approach efficient in noise suppression and preservation of structures and resolution. When estimating the value of the target pixel, a low-rank matrix can be constructed with vectorization of similar image patches. By exploiting this low-rank prior of patch matrix and decomposition of sparse and low-rank matrices, the denoised low-rank patch matrix is more accurate which will also increase the accuracy of feature enhancement. Afterwards, the numerical algorithm is designed. Numerical experiments on the real-data of SAR images show that our novel method can reduce the noise in homogeneous areas especially speckle noise efficiently, preserve the structural feature, especially edges and textures and improve the resolution at the same time. Visually, the result of the proposed method is obviously improved.
A data transmission method between the ROS-based robot and the industrial controller
Authors: Zou Jun , Chen Zhuoxian , Zhou Cheng , Li Zhigang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of low code reusing rate and inability to share communication content amoung ROS Nodes when a ROS-based robot communicates with the industrial controller, a data transmission method based on Modbus protocol and ROS service is proposed. In this method, the program responsible for communicating with the industrial controller and the program executing the robot task are encapsulated in different ROS Nodes, using the cross-process function call of ROS Service communication to realize data sharing among multiple Nodes, thereby reducing the coupling of the system and improving the code reusing rate. Finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by a robot mechanical protection system, which provides a method for the communication between the ROS-based robot and the industrial controller.
Design Simulation and Structure Optimization of Plunger Assembly Closing
Authors: Qiao Weizhi , Wang Zhenyu , Gao Xiang , Liu Xiaochao , Qiu Zhongyi , Hou Yanze , Chen Chong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hydraulic motors and pumps are the core components in hydraulic systems. The plunger assembly is a key component for the realization of the function of the axial piston pump and motor. The coupling between the slipper and the plunger body is completed through the closing process. With the application of computational science and finite element technology, DEFORM-3D metal forming process simulation is used to establish the corresponding closing device model of the plunger assembly. Through simulation, we analyze the change law of metal flow during plastic deformation process, and carry out structural optimization design based on the simulation results. We found that the closing is completed under the appropriate cone angle and distance line of the shoe, the quality is relatively uniform, and there is no closing defects such as metal flow overflow and cracks. The pull-off force and the clearance value after rolling can meet the design requirements. This method not only can effectively shorten the product verification cycle and reduce the cost, but also can reduce the defects of the finished product and improve the yield rate, providing a new way for the design of the closing structure and closing model of the plunger assembly.