bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The selection of laccase producing polypores fungi and inducer addition on the degradation of batik waste
Authors: Mantovany A F , Artika I M , Subowo YB 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Research on the selection of laccase producing polypores fungi and inducer addition on the degradation of batik waste has been carried out. The objectives of this study were to obtain isolates of polypores fungi with high laccase activity and data on the inducer effect in the batik waste degradation by selected isolate. Batik waste is potential pollution to the environment. It has been found that the Polyporaceae fungus reduce water pollution caused by batik waste. Fungal fruiting bodies were collected at the Cibinong Science Center and forest park IPB Campus Darmaga, Bogor. The inducers used included 15 g/L sucrose, 200 μM CuSO4, and 1.5% sorghum waste. Seven isolates of polypores fungi were obtained. Isolate J6 with high laccase activity was obtained and identified as Coriolopsis sp. The addition of sorghum waste to the growth medium increased the laccase activity of Coriolopsis sp. J6 by 1428 U/mL. Coriolopsis sp. J6 was able to reduce the color of Poly R-478 by 83.73% after the addition of sucrose and incubation for 10 days. This fungus was able to reduce the color of batik waste by 37.17% after the addition of 1.5% sorghum waste and incubation for 10 days.
Uncovering the potential of actinobacterium BLH 1-22 isolated from marine sediment as a producer of antibiotics
Authors: Atikana A , Ratnakomala S , Nurzijah I , Sari M N , Agnestania A , Aisy II , Untari F , Fahrurozi F , Bintang M , Sukmarini L , Putra MY , Lisdiyanti P 
Published: December 2021

AbstractActinobacteria have been known as producers of many bioactive compounds. The present study examines ten marine Actinobacterial isolates, aiming to investigate their potential as producers of antimicrobial compounds. The secondary metabolites were extracted from these Actinobacteria using ethyl acetate, and the crude extracts were tested for their bioactivity againstEscherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, andMicrococcus luteus. The antibacterial screening showed that the crude extracts of these Actinobacteria inhibit the growth of indicator strains. The extracts of isolate BLH 1-22 were further analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which showed potential compounds with peak and retention time similar to the antibiotic standards (i.e., erythromycin, ampicillin, tetracycline, and penicillin). In addition to the HPLC profile, molecular identification showed that the isolate BLH 1-22 was similar toMicromonospora chalcea(99.6%). Further genome characterization of the strain, as well as purification and fractionation of the metabolite extracts, are important to obtain a comprehensive study on the potential of isolate BLH 1-22 as antibiotic compound producers. This study reported the potential ofMicromonosporaBLH 1-22 isolated from marine sediment. Hence, it also highlighted the potential of Actinobacteria isolated from Indonesian environments for bioprospecting studies.
Bioactive compounds derived from Streptomyces sp. SA32: antibacterial activity, chemical profile, and their related genes
Authors: Ryandini D , Radjasa O K , Oedjijono  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Microbes which are resistant to drugs and antibiotics as well as multi-drug resistant (MDR) microbes have developed due to the improper use of antibiotics and led to explore the microbial isolates as the sources of new antibiotics or those with highly effective and stabile attack. Streptomyces sp. SA32 was selected to inhibit the growth of MDR bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloaceae, and Enterococcus sp. E. coli was sensitive to crude extracts of Streptomyces sp. SA32 at the concentration of 19 g.mL-1 with moderate strength against E. cloacae. The bioactive compounds analyzed using thin layer chromatography and phytochemical methods showed that the spot with Rf 0.63 and 0.68 was polyketide compound and that with Rf 0.74 was flavonoid compound. The bioautography assay on the TLC plate confirmed the absence of MDR bacterial growth on polyketide and flavonoid spots. The synthesis of antibacterial compounds was also confirmed by the successful analysis on both non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) gene sequences.
In vitro antimicrobial activities of several extracts endophytic Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91
Authors: Oktarina E , Pratiwi R H , Mangunwardoyo W , Hidayat I , Saepudin E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Pseudomonas azotoformans known for the benefit on agriculture area as soil fertility enhancer. Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91 was successfully isolated from tissues of N. altissima which traditionally known for treating infectious diseases. Therefore, endophytic P. azotoformans might contain antimicrobial compound. This research aims on exploring the antimicrobial activities of several extracts P. azotoformans UICC B-91 against pathogenic microbes. Isolates were extracted with dichloromethane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Each crude extract was observed for its potential antimicrobial activity with disc diffusion method against several pathogen microbes. Bioactive compound was assayed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and screened by bioautography. Results indicated that all crude extract have inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6583, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 25241, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 19659 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Highest clear zone was on dichloromethane extract. TLC fraction of dichloromethane extract was able to inhibit growth on pathogenic bacteria (except for B. subtilis ATCC 19659 and S. aureus ATCC 6583) and fungi at minimum concentration in the range 125-1,000 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL, respectively. Bioactive compound from endophytic P. azotoformans extracted with dichloromethane have antibacterial and anticandidal effect.
Optimization of silver nanoparticles synthesis by the green method using Streptomyces sp. SSUT88A and their antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Rosyidah A , Nantapong N , Chudapongse N , Weeranantanapan O , Limphirat W 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The green method has become an environmentally safe and valuable alternative to synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs has been applied as antimicrobial agents, which their toxicity depends on several variables that generate different ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the optimization of AgNPs synthesis plays an important role in providing good antimicrobial activity. In this study, the synthesis of AgNPs was carried out with three different parameters: time of incubation, pH, and temperature to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth using cell-free supernatant of Streptomyces sp. SSUT88A. The UV-Vis spectroscopy and antimicrobial activity were measured to obtain the optimum condition for each condition. The 74.12 nm in the spherical shape of AgNPs were optimized at 37°C, under pH 7 for five days. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa 1287 and multidrug-resistance P. aeruginosa N90PS.
Adverse Effects Of Flaming As A Surface Treatment Method For Stone Slabs Used In Road Pavements
Authors: Grzesik Bartłomiej , Grygierek Marcin , Rokitowski Przemysław , Adamczyk Zdzisław , Nowak Jacek 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the results of tests on a damaged pavement made of flamed granite slabs. Due to their architectural value, the use of such pavements made of stone materials is a popular trend in Europe, especially in historic city centres. Faming is a popular method of surface treatment of stone elements, including slabs. The use of flame with a temperature around 1300°C on granite rock leads to allotropic transformations of quartz. The accompanying volume changes lead to flaking of the surface. As a result, the flaming gives the slab a natural texture and improves its anti-slip properties. As it was assessed, most slabs used in pavements exhibited characteristic edge and corner damage. Examination of the mechanical properties of rock taken from a slab revealed different results for samples taken from the high temperature impact zone and from other parts of the slab. The mineralogical tests carried out on samples from the high temperature impact zone showed changes in relation to the original mineralogical composition of granite, including the presence of glaze. These changes resulted in the accumulation of stresses, especially in the areas of slab edges and corners. The analysis of the test results was made in relation to the lack of uniform European standards for stone treatment by flaming and the lack of control procedures for this process. As a result of unrestricted flaming conditions, the originally homogeneous properties of the rock may vary within a single product and lead to its accelerated degradation during exploitation.
Optimisation Of Nano-ZnO And Nano-SiO2 Mixing Time For Bitumen Modification
Authors: Gražulytė Judita , Vaitkus Audrius , Bitarytė Simona 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nanotechnologies have gradually penetrated to the field of bitumen modification especially where durable asphalt mixtures have to be designed. Longer mixing time, higher temperatures or/and higher rotation (shearing) speeds are needed to increase the dispersion of nanoparticles in bitumen. However, this is not necessarily beneficial to the physical and mechanical properties of the final material. As a result, in this study nano-zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) and nano-silica (nano-SiO2) mixing time for bitumen modification was optimized considering the physical and mechanical properties of the final bitumen. For this purpose bitumen PMB 25/55-60 was modified with nanoparticles at 180 °C using a laboratory high-shear mixer at a rotation speed of 4000 rpm for different modification time selected on the basis of literature review (60 and 90 minutes). Penetration, softening point, viscosity at 135 °C, recovery and non-recoverable creep compliance (multiple stress creep and recovery test) at 60 °C were measured in order to determine the optimal mixing time. The results showed that 60 minutes ensures the dispersion of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the bitumen PMB 25/55-60 and longer mixing time do not have a significant effect on the properties of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 modified bitumen (the difference was less than 7%).
Assessment Of Surface Characteristics Of Coarse Aggregates By Flow Coefficient Method
Authors: Riekstins Arturs , Baumanis Janis , Krastins Kristaps , Kalinka Kristaps 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, for assessment of surface characteristics, the flow coefficient of coarse aggregates was evaluated as an alternative to the widely used crushed and broken surfaces test. It has been proved that visual assessment is not only time consuming but also inaccurate. The European standard EN 933-5 allows to use of a flow coefficient method according to EN 933-6 as an alternative for the assessment of coarse aggregates, but it does not specify any requirements. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the flow coefficient test and if it could replace tradition visual assessment. In total, 28 gravel samples were tested. Following properties and their influence to flow coefficient were evaluated - flakiness, particle size distribution and amount of crushed and rounded surfaces. The results show that the flow coefficient test could be used as an alternative if the boundaries of the granulometric curves are set.
Improving Traffic Safety By Using Waze User Reports
Authors: Steinbergs Raitis , Kligis Maris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Road inspection regularity and existing types made by road maintenance crew have not been good enough to be aware what is really happening on the roads. Road users' contribution in road traffic safety is very important to ensure fast reaction on different road hazards.
It is important to ensure not only the most common ways to report road hazards on state roads by phone, by email and on social media, but also expand data sources options in modern and user-friendly way.
Waze navigation application already had functionality to report road hazards – to warn other application users, but no one acted to solve these road hazards until someone reported them through existing communication channels supported by Latvian State roads or Latvian road maintainer.
To ensure better road traffic safety and faster reaction time on road hazards solving, Latvian road maintainer gained access to Waze report feed, and, in corporation with Riga Technical university, made a system for analysing and processing Waze data. As the result - Latvian roads maintainer can improve road safety by faster reaction to road hazards reported by Waze users.
Today, up to 70 % from total reports processed by Latvian road maintainer are generated by Waze.
The Effect Of Display Brightness On Visual Function For Young And Old Drivers
Authors: Ikaunieks Gatis , Krumina Gunta , Volberga Liva , Naumovs Lauris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nowadays outdoor advertising displays have become popular. Bright displays near the roads could cause drivers to experience disability or discomfort glare, especially at night. Disability glare increases with age, but discomfort glare thresholds are independent of age. The aim of the study was to assess a luminance level of displays, which causes glare for younger and older subjects. 24 young subjects age of 20 to 24 years and 13 older subjects age of 55 to 69 years participated in the study. The task was by using the method of adjustment to find out the acceptable level of display brightness when the recognition of high (>90%) contrast objects was comfortable. Measurements were done in a photopic and mesopic lighting conditions. Results showed that discomfort glare were larger in mesopic than in photopic lighting conditions (p < 0.001) for both age groups. Preferred display brightness in both lighting conditions did not significantly differ between age groups (p > 0.05). We can conclude that discomfort glare thresholds for displays with textual elements are independent of age.
Automation Of Issuing Process Of Permit To Use Roads By Abnormal Transport
Authors: Lukošiūnas Modestas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Since the end of 2017 the Lithuanian Road Administration (LRA) has taken over the authority to issue permits for oversized and heavy vehicles using the national significance roads from the former State Road Transport Inspectorate. LRA has launched a pilot project for automated authorising system, in which application is submitted by filling electronic form and providing a driving route on a map. The route in most cases is automatically approved by the system. If there are any restrictions on the route or in case of larger parameters of a vehicle, an LRA specialist shall review it. Upon coordination, the system automatically calculates a charge for the use of roads by abnormal transport and informs the applicant. The applicant pays this charge via electronic banking, and the system automatically issues a permit (such payments make up to 90 %). If the charge is paid by standard transfer, the system automatically issues a permit after LRA employee registers payment details.
Less Temptation To Exceed The Speed Limit Or Towards Vision Zero
Authors: Lapinas Viktoras , Kišonas Mantas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In 2020 the Lithuanian Government approved traffic safety programme Vision Zero. One of the integral measures applied to improve traffic safety and to reduce the number of road traffic infringements is the development of average speed cameras’ network on state significance roads. It is planned that the network of average speed cameras will cover more than 800 km of state significance road network in Lithuania in 2020-2021. Initially, it was planned to implement these measures only on rural roads. However, taking into consideration the principles of road eligibility for average speed camera installation, some road sections crossing the so-called linear settlements were selected to test the impact of such systems on driving habits as well. It is presumed that from the beginning of exploitation of these systems the reduction in the consequences of severe traffic accidents on the selected most dangerous state significance road sections will be observed.
Benefits And Performance Of The Electronic Construction Journal
Authors: Bautrėnas Paulius , Čereška Marius 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Electronic construction journal (later – e-journal) has been developed to replace a former paper construction journal. The purpose of e-journal is to ensure effective supervision of road construction and reconstruction works and to avoid potential abuse. Records made by contractors, supervisors and controlling institutions in e-journal enable to manage the work process in each road construction and reconstruction building site. All road construction process participants have access to the data, comments and findings entered into e-journal. E-journal accurately records all deadlines, technical supervision or control performance time. It is a significantly faster and more effective means of control and quality assurance of performed works.
V-OG03 Robotic Epiphrenic Diverticulectomy, Myotomy And Hiatus Hernia Repair
Authors: Knight Benjamin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Oesophageal epiphrenic diverticulum’s are rare; reported in less than 0.5 per cent of the population. They are noted however in 1–3 per cent of patients complaining of dysphagia. They are almost always associated with a motility disorder of the oesophagus. Surgery is generally the only solution to help with the symptoms of dysphagia and reflux.

Methods
This video highlights a case of a moderate sized diverticulum causing dysphagia and significant reflux. The procedure was performed on the DaVinci X system; to my knowledge, this is the first time this technique has been performed on the DaVinci X in the UK. A 4 arm technique was used, utilising two right arms and one left. Instruments used were cadiere forceps, hook and sureform stapler. The 12 mm port was docked with arm 3 and sited on the patients left. A stapled diverticulectomy was performed with the Sureform blue cartridge. An endoflex was used to retract the liver.

Results
The procedure was successfully performed in 150 minutes and involved resection of the diverticulum, hiatal repair and short myotomy up to the neck of the diverticulum.

Conclusion
The robotic platform allows for better visualisation of the hiatal structures and vagal nerves and the enhanced magnification make for a safer myotomy. The articulating instruments permit safer dissection of the diverticulum. A 4 arm technique makes the myotomy easier and safer to perform.
O-B06 The Impact of Covid-19 on Bariatric surgery in England during 2020
Authors: Sandland-Taylor Laura , Jenkins Barbara , Beckingham Ian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
The Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on NHS services across England. Due to the significant rise in demand for beds in both ward and ITU environments, trusts were forced to reduce the number of operations carried out to help reduced the burden on secondary care services. Whilst efforts were made to preserve operations where possible, the Covid-19 burden has had a significant impact on bariatric surgery throughout 2020. The following research looks at the true impact of Covid-19 on bariatric surgery in England and analyses this in relation to the Covid-19 burden.

Methods
Data relating to operation numbers was taken from The Surgical Workload Outcomes Audit (SWORD) database. The SWORD database was interrogated for the years 2017 – 2020. A mean number of operations was calculated using the 2017-2019 data and compared to data from 2020 for gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding and biliopancreatic diversion. Operations performed and other demographic data was analysed regionally and compared to Covid-19 deaths throughout England. Covid-19 data was obtained from the national government dashboards.

Results
The results of the study show that Nationally there was a significant decline in bariatric surgery operations carried out throughout 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Overall there was a 53.5% reduction in bariatric surgery operations carried out in 2020. Looking at the individual operation types, there was a 50.7% reduction in gastric bypass surgery, a 50% reduction in biliopancreatic diversion and a 51.9% reduction in sleeve gastrectomy. There was a greater reduction in gastric bands, with a 78.1 % reduction in procedures which may also reflect changes in current practice with regards to the use of gastric bands. On reviewing data at a local level, all trusts were significantly impacted by the pandemic with the reduction in services ranging from 50% to 100% reduction in operations performed.

Conclusions
Overall, despite national efforts to preserve as many operations as possible, there was a significant reduction in the delivery of bariatric surgery services throughout England during the Covid-19 pandemic. Due to this reduction in service provision, it is likely that there are now much larger waiting lists which will need to be addressed as we recover from the Covid-19 pandemic. Whilst there was a similar reduction in services across most trusts due to the elective nature of the operations, variation should be further analysed to allow for better planning and resource allocation for futor future waves or future pandemics.
O-BN05 The management of pancreatitis and complications that require intervention in a Benign Specialist Surgical Unit
Authors: Whitmore Helen , Salem Rola , Browning Matt , Bowling Kirk , Christopoulos Petros , Platt Tim , Sinha Surajit , Srinivas Gandrapu , Andrews Stuart 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Acute pancreatitis or inflammation of the pancreas is a common surgical pathology that presents with a spectrum of severity. The condition itself ranges from a mild/moderate self-limiting pathology to one associated with a systemic inflammatory response that can lead to organ dysfunction and death. We aim to investigate the aetiology/management and outcomes of patients presenting with pancreatitis in a benign specialist surgical unit with dedicated upper GI surgical care.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of all patients presenting and falling under surgical care with biochemical/radiological pancreatitis was conducted, using hospital archiving systems, reviewing operative notes and follow up events was conducted over an 8-year period.

Results
Within our benign specialist centre, 1393 patients were treated over an 8-year period. 73% of patients presenting with acute pancreatitis were male, whereas only 37% were female. The age range of patients presenting was 12 to 100 years, with the median age being 44 years. Within our population, 36.8% of acute pancreatitis was caused by gallstones, and 29.6% caused by alcohol and 33.6% other causes. 81% of patients seen had mild/moderate self-resolving pancreatitis requiring only fluids and analgesia. 19% had complicated pancreatitis requiring complex medical/surgical treatment.4.8% patients developed pancreatic necrosis, and 3.7% developed pancreatic pseudocysts. 8 patients required necrosectomy, 19 patients required cystogastrostomy and 1 patient required distal pancreatectomy with no 90-day mortality.

Conclusions
Our specialist unit with the support of gastroenterology, nutrition team, radiology and ITU have managed a large cohort of pancreatitic patients, the small number patients who require a surgical intervention have had good outcomes.