bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Dashboard for the Lisbon Region - an advisory tool for policy
Authors: Ferreira PP , Martins R , Tavares DP , Valente J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Issue/problem
At the time of arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic to Portugal, the Public Health Department of Lisbon and Tagus Valley Regional Health Administration was confronted with its obsolete information system, which could not provide the information that Public Health Authorities needed to bring the pandemic under control. In order to tackle this issue, our goal was to aggregate all the relevant epidemiological data for the region in an accessible and user-friendly dashboard.

Methods
Starting from March 2020 we created a dashboard, which compiled and analyzed COVID-19 data, such as: confirmed and active cases, deaths, hospitalizations (including ICU beds), high/low risk contacts, mandatory confinements, tests, and clusters. This dashboard had anonymized data and was updated daily as well as constantly upgraded by taking into consideration new incoming data and feedback provided by users, serving its purpose as an advisory tool for policy.

Results
The dashboard was available to Local, Regional, and National Public Health Authorities and made possible to monitor trends and predict epidemiological changes that, prior to its existence, were dispersed in several datasets. Most importantly, it allowed for a better allocation of human resources for contact tracing and case management activities, to easily identify basic social needs for the most vulnerable citizens. It also provided for policy measures adjusted to the smallest administrative division in Portugal, the parish, that ultimately allowed for a better epidemiological control in Lisbon Metropolitan Area in 2020.

Lessons
The regional dashboard is far from perfect, but it highlights the constant need for robust information and epidemiological surveillance systems, serving both National, Regional and Local Public Health Authorities. It appeared out of necessity during a pandemic and it proved once more the importance of data analytics for guiding public health action based on evidence.

Key messages
Data analytics can serve both as an advisory tool for policy as well as to guide public health interventions. The COVID-19 Dashboard for the Lisbon Region aggregates relevant epidemiological data that helped Public Health authorities better understand and control the Pandemic in the region.
Association of Retail Environment and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status With Mortality Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the United States: Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Zhang Kehan , Lovasi Gina S , Odden Michelle C , Michael Yvonne L , Newman Anne B , Arnold Alice M , Kim Dae Hyun , Wu Chenkai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Few studies have examined the association of neighborhood environment and mortality among community-dwelling older populations. Geographic Information Systems-based measures of neighborhood physical environment may provide new insights on the health effects of the social and built environment.

Method
We studied 4 379 community-dwelling older adults in the United States aged 65 years and older from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Principal component analysis was used to identify neighborhood components from 48 variables assessing facilities and establishments, demographic composition, socioeconomic status, and economic prosperity. We used a Cox model to evaluate the association of neighborhood components with 5-year mortality. Age, sex, race, education, income, marital status, body mass index, smoking status, disability, coronary heart disease, and diabetes were included as covariates. We also examined the interactions between neighborhood components and sex and race (Black vs White or other).

Results
We identified 5 neighborhood components, representing facilities and resources, immigrant communities, community-level economic deprivation, resident-level socioeconomic status, and residents’ age. Communities’ economic deprivation and residents’ socioeconomic status were significantly associated with 5-year mortality. We did not find interactions between sex or race and any of the 5 neighborhood components. The results were similar in a sensitivity analysis where we used 10-year mortality as the outcome.

Conclusions
We found that communities’ economic status but not facilities in communities was associated with mortality among older adults. These findings revealed the importance and benefits living in a socioeconomically advantaged neighborhood could have on health among older residents with different demographic backgrounds.
Improved Versions of Some Furstenberg Type Slicing Theorems for Self-Affine Carpets
Authors: Algom Amir , Wu Meng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Let $F$ be a Bedford–McMullen carpet defined by independent integer exponents. We prove that for every line $\ell \subseteq \mathbb{R}^2$ not parallel to the major axes, $$\begin{align*} & \dim_H (\ell \cap F) \leq \max \left\lbrace 0,\, \frac{\dim_H F}{\dim^* F} \cdot (\dim^* F-1) \right\rbrace\end{align*}$$and $$\begin{align*} & \dim_P (\ell \cap F) \leq \max \left\lbrace 0,\, \frac{\dim_P F}{\dim^* F} \cdot (\dim^* F-1) \right\rbrace,\end{align*}$$where $\dim ^*$ is Furstenberg’s star dimension (maximal dimension of microsets). This improves the state-of-the-art results on Furstenberg type slicing Theorems for affine invariant carpets.
Idiopathic ascites following laparoscopic appendicectomy: a case report
Authors: Martindale Aleksis , Tobbal Muhammad , Coventry Charles , Veeramootoo Darmarajah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Appendicitis is a common condition and is frequently treated with a laparoscopic appendicectomy. We present a rare case of delayed, idiopathic ascites following laparoscopic appendicectomy for histologically confirmed appendicitis. While the complications of this condition and this procedure are well documented, this case demonstrates very rare sequelae following a laparoscopic appendicectomy.
Recurrent terminal ventricle cyst: a case report
Authors: Baig Mirza Asfand , Visagan Ravindran , Boardman Timothy , Murphy Christopher , Al-Ali Bilal , Kellett Christopher , Grahovac Gordan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The terminal ventricle (TV) of Krause is a rare cystic dilation of the conus’ central canal. Due to limited understanding surrounding its pathophysiology, optimal management remains controversial. We report a 25-year-old female presenting with acute paraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging spine revealed a cystic conus medullaris lesion in keeping with an incidental TV cyst. However, the patient experienced a rapid resolution of symptoms. We hypothesize that the TV cyst spontaneously ruptured and auto-decompressed. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an enlarging symptomatic TV cyst with spontaneous rupture and resolution of symptoms, highlighting the variable natural history of this condition.
Pregnancy Weight Gain and Postpartum Weight Retention in Active Duty Military Women: Implications for Readiness
Authors: Johnson Dawn , Madsen Cathaleen , Banaag Amanda , Krantz David S , Koehlmoos Tracey Pérez 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Weight gain in pregnancy is expected; however, excessive gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention (PPWR) can cause long-term changes to a patient’s body mass index (BMI) and increase the risk for adverse health outcomes. This phenomenon is understudied in active duty military women, for whom excess weight gain poses challenges to readiness and fitness to serve. This study examines over 30,000 active duty military women with and without preeclampsia to assess changes in BMI postpartum.

Materials and Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of claims data for active duty military women, aged 18-40 years, and experiencing pregnancy during fiscal years 2010-2014. Women with eating disorders, high-risk pregnancy conditions other than preeclampsia, scheduled high-risk medical interventions, or a second pregnancy within 18 months were excluded from the analysis. Height and weight were obtained from medical records and used to calculate BMI. Women with and without preeclampsia were categorized into BMI categories according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classification of underweight (BMI &lt; 18.5), normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9), or obese (&gt;30.0). Linear regressions adjusted by age and race were performed to assess differences in prepregnancy weight and weight gain, retention, and change at 6 months postpartum.

Results
The greatest number of pregnant, active duty service women were found among ages 18-24 years, White race, Army service, junior enlisted rank, married status, and with no mental health diagnosis. Overall, over 50% of women in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies returned to their baseline BMI postpartum. Women in both populations more often gained than lost weight postpartum. Preeclampsia strongly affected weight retention, with 40.77% of overweight women and 5.33% of normal weight women progressing to postpartum obesity, versus 32.95% of overweight women and 2.61% of normal weight women in the main population. Mental health conditions were not associated with significant weight gain or PPWR. Women with cesarean deliveries gained more weight during pregnancy, had more PPWR, and lost more weight from third trimester to 6 months postpartum.

Conclusions
Most women remain in their baseline BMI category postpartum, suggesting that prepregnancy weight management is an opportunity to reduce excess PPWR. Other opportunities lie in readiness-focused weight management during prenatal visits and postpartum, especially for patients with preeclampsia and cesarean sections. However, concerns about weight management for readiness must be carefully balanced against the health of the individual service members.
Successful rituximab treatment in a patient with ANCA-negative granulomatosis with polyangitis: A case report
Authors: Kimura Koichi , Fujii Yusuke , Maekawa Makiko , Tsukamoto Hiroshi 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
A 68-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for further evaluation of fever, nasal congestion, deafness, and multiple pulmonary nodules refractory to antibiotic use. Despite negative findings of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, she was diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis based on the analysis of biopsy specimens of pulmonary nodules. The administrations of oral prednisolone and six intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVCY) resulted in the prompt relief of symptoms and disappearance of pulmonary nodules. However, 3 months after the completion of IVCY therapy, nasal congestion and deafness flared up with an increase in the C-reactive protein level; a repeat computed tomography revealed a left lung nodule. Consequently, she underwent remission induction and maintenance therapy with rituximab (RTX), which resulted in the symptomatic improvement and disappearance of pulmonary nodules after 6 months. The patient remained in remission thereafter. Therefore, RTX may be an effective therapeutic option even in the absence of detectable autoantibodies.
Prescription preferences of antiepileptic drugs in brain tumor patients: An international survey among EANO members
Authors: van der Meer Pim B , Dirven Linda , van den Bent Martin J , Preusser Matthias , Taphoorn Martin J B , Rudá Roberta , Koekkoek Johan A F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
This study aimed at investigating antiepileptic drug (AED) prescription preferences in patients with brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) among the European neuro-oncology community, the considerations that play a role when initiating AED treatment, the organization of care, and practices with regard to AED withdrawal.

Methods
A digital survey containing 31 questions about prescription preferences of AEDs was set out among members of the European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO).

Results
A total of 198 respondents treating patients with BTRE participated of whom 179 completed the entire survey. Levetiracetam was the first choice in patients with BTRE for almost all respondents (90% [162/181]). Levetiracetam was considered the most effective AED in reducing seizure frequency (72% [131/181]) and having the least adverse effects (48% [87/181]). Common alternatives for levetiracetam as equivalent first choice included lacosamide (33% [59/181]), lamotrigine (22% [40/181]), and valproic acid (21% [38/181]). Most crucial factors to choose a specific AED were potential adverse effects (82% [148/181]) and interactions with antitumor treatments (76% [137/181]). In the majority of patients, neuro-oncologists were involved in the treatment of seizures (73% [132/181])). Other relevant findings were that a minority of respondents ever prescribe AEDs in brain tumor patients without epilepsy solely as prophylaxis (29% [53/181]), but a majority routinely considers complete AED withdrawal in BTRE patients who are seizure-free after antitumor treatment (79% [141/179]).

Conclusions
Our results show that among European professionals treating patients with BTRE levetiracetam is considered the first choice AED, with the presumed highest efficacy and least adverse effects.
Three-year clinical outcomes and posterior corneal elevation change after small-incision lenticule extraction in suspicious corneas
Authors: Cao Huazheng , Zhang Lin , Liang Shuang , Li Mengdi , Jhanji Vishal , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
To determine the long-term clinical outcomes and change in posterior corneal elevation after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in eyes with suspicious tomographic features.

Setting:
Hospital clinic.

Design:
Retrospective, case-controlled, observational.

Methods:
This study included 43 patients with suspicious corneas (group A), defined by corneal morphology and a final D score from a Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam), and 43 patients with normal corneal topography (group B). Refraction, visual acuity, and posterior corneal elevation over a 6-mm central diameter, including posterior central elevation (PCE), posterior elevation at the thinnest point (PTE), and posterior maximal elevation (PME), were measured preoperatively and at 6 months, 12 months, and 36 months postoperatively.

Results:
The preoperative spherical equivalent was −5.51 ± 1.33 D in group A (n = 43) and −5.41 ± 1.19 D in group B (n = 43). Postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/20 or better in 39 (91%) of 43 eyes in group A and 41 (95%) of 43 eyes in group B (P = .160); all eyes in both groups remained stable or had gained corrected distance visual acuity. The mean change in PCE, PTE, and PME at 3 years was −1.22 ± 2.65 μm, −1.21 ± 2.70 μm, and −1.00 ± 5.09 μmin group A and −1.76 ± 3.25 μm, −1.60 ± 3.33 μm, and −1.56 ± 5.01 μm in group B, respectively, indicating a tendency for backward displacement of the posterior surface, whereas the between-group difference was not statistically significant (P = .154, P = .547, and P = .319, respectively).

Conclusions:
Refraction, visual outcomes, and posterior corneal shift seem comparable between corneas with normal and suspicious tomographic features three years after SMILE. More long-term studies are warranted to corroborate the findings of this study.
Acute central and peripheral nervous system injury associated with coronavirus disease 2019: recognition and treatment strategies
Authors: Simon Dennis W. , Schober Michelle E. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
Acute central and peripheral nervous system injury may occur in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus. This review will assist readers to recognize neurologic manifestations associated with COVID-19 including common and life-threatening symptoms and diagnostic testing. We will also review current recommendations for treatment of neurologic injury associated with COVID-19 infection in children.

Recent findings
Data from systematic reviews and prospectively collected cohorts of children with COVID-19 are beginning to characterize the breadth of neurologic manifestations associated with COVID-19 in the acute infectious and postinfectious periods. Among hospitalized children in particular, neurologic symptoms are common. Life threatening conditions including encephalitis, myelitis, stroke, and demyelinating syndromes have been reported. Within the pediatric population, age, and preexisting neurologic conditions appear to be important factors in determining likely phenotypes. Treatment at this time is based on careful neuromonitoring, supportive care, and neuromodulatory therapies as indicated.

Summary
Neurologic symptoms are common in children with COVID-19 and may be life threatening. The pathophysiology, therapeutic options, and long-term outcomes from COVID-19 associated neurologic injury are currently being investigated.
Cutaneous coronavirus disease 2019 in children: a clinical primer for diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Dinulos James Ellis , Dinulos James Gary 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
This review examines the global literature regarding rashes encountered in children and adults infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and aims to provide practicing pediatricians with an understanding of the relationship between instances of rashes and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children in order to effectively evaluate and treat patients.

Recent findings
The true incidence of cutaneous reactions in children infected with SARS-CoV-2 is not known. Children's immune systems differ from those of adults and rashes as a manifestation of immune responses, in turn, differ in morphology and distribution. Rarely, children develop a severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome that has overlapping clinical features with Kawasaki disease. In addition, vaccinations produce rashes similar to natural infections. The rashes associated with COVID-19 vaccination are mild and transient, and should not preclude vaccination. Lastly, children who chronically wear masks are more likely to experience flaring of acne around the nose and mouth (’maskne’) and facial conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis.

Summary
There are ongoing worldwide registries, clinical and basic science studies to better understand the burden of skin disease and pathophysiology of rashes seen in patients infected with COVID-19. Robust vaccination programs should be encouraged as a way to contain viral spread among children and the greater population.
Reconstruction of Distal Nasal Defects With a Large Postauricular Skin-Fat-Fascia Composite Graft
Authors: He Aijuan , Yu Jinchao , Liu Ninghua , Ye Xinhai 
Published: October 2021

Background
Composite grafts have previously been reported to achieve a good outcome for nasal defect repair, but composite grafts have greater metabolic needs than simple skin. Therefore, the traditionally recommended size of a composite graft for nasal reconstruction is less than 1.5 cm in diameter. However, the distal nose is generally well supplied with blood vessels, which might support the use of larger composite grafts in such a highly vascularized recipient site. The aim of the article is to investigate whether a large skin-fat-fascia composite graft (larger than 2.0 cm) is viable for the repair of partial-thickness nasal defects.

Methods
From October 2017 to December 2019, 13 patients with partial-thickness nasal defects underwent nasal reconstruction using a large postauricular skin-fat-fascia composite graft. Cases were followed up for 3 to 14 months postoperatively. The aesthetic outcome was evaluated in comparison with preoperative digital images.

Results
Skin-fat-fascia composite grafts survived without graft necrosis, dermal fibrosis, or skin contraction in all cases. Favorable aesthetic outcomes were obtained in all patients, and no further revision surgery was need.

Conclusions
A postauricular composite graft larger than 2.0 cm is a safe and effective reconstruction approach for partial-thickness nasal defects. This technique offers significant advantages in terms of no additional facial scar, no visible asymmetry on the face, no additional surgery for revision, and with mild scar in the donor site of the postauricular region.
Perceived constraints to sex tourism overseas: scale development and validation
Authors: Ying Tianyu , Wen Jun , Goh Edmund , Yang Shaohua 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe relationship between sex and tourism remains ambiguous in the tourism literature. Few studies have examined the underlying motivations behind sex-driven travel, and little is known about factors inhibiting tourists' procurement of commercial sex when traveling. Therefore, this study explored male Chinese tourists' perceived constraints during decision-making and developed a comprehensive scale to assess constraints to commercial sex consumption overseas.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from male Chinese tourists purchasing commercial sex while traveling overseas. This study involved a four-stage process as recommended by Churchill (1979) for scale development research. In Stage 1, preliminary items were generated through a comprehensive review of the constraints literature and in-depth interviews with 16 sex tourists, which generated an initial 26 items. During the second stage to purify the measurement items, six items were eliminated, resulting in 20 items. Stage 3 involved exploratory factor analysis (N = 275) to extract the scale's underlying factor structure. Results revealed a five-factor structure with sufficient evidence of internal reliability given Cronbach's alpha coefficients between 0.722 and 0.843. The final stage included confirmatory factor analysis (N = 259) to verify the scale's reliability and validity.FindingsUltimately, 20 items were developed to measure sex tourists' perceived constraints toward engaging in commercial sex services overseas based on five factors: structural constraints, intrapersonal constraints, interpersonal constraints, value conflicts and service supply–related constraints.Originality/valueThis study advances the scope of sex tourism research by verifying how these five constraints are independent, generalized and can influence the procurement of sexual services overseas. This study is the first in sex tourism research to explore the difficulties facing sex tourists. Results offer marketers important insight on how to better address these constraints while providing a safe and legal sex tourism experience.
Off-the-job embeddedness moderates work intensity on employee stress
Authors: Treuren Gerrit J.M. , Fein Erich C. 
Published: October 2021

PurposeWork intensity causes employee stress. This paper demonstrates that off-the-job embeddedness (OffJE), a potential source of social support resources, buffers the negative effect of work intensity on employee stress.Design/methodology/approachGuided by conservation of resources (COR) and job embeddedness theory (JET), this paper reports on the moderated regression analysis of the survey responses of 385 adult employees from a variety of industries in Queensland, Australia, using a student-recruited sampling strategy.FindingsHigher levels of work intensity were found to be associated with higher levels of employee stress. However, this effect was weaker for employees who had higher OffJE. In this sample, work intensity has no relationship with stress for employees who report OffJE beyond the 70th percentile.Originality/valueThis paper demonstrates the positive role of outside workplace relationships embodied in OffJE on workplace employee experience, justifies employer work-life balance initiatives and community involvement, demonstrates the potential positive return for employer involvement in helping employees manage the experience of work intensity and contributes to the social support, COR and job embeddedness literature studies.