bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association of VDR/FokI Gene Polymorphism and Protein Expression With Histopathological Alterations in Patients With Thyroid Colloid Nodule
Authors: Abdalfatah Mariwan F. , Shareef Abdullah A. , Saleh Lana S. , Rajab Mustafa F. , Smail Shukur W. , Abdulla Saman S. , Awla Harem Khdir , Ishaac Rivan H. , Ibrahim Kazhal S. , Ahmed Mazyar J. , Kakasur Fairuz A. , Rasul Khder Hussein 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Colloid nodules are common and benign thyroid lesions that usually progress slowly and are asymptomatic. It requires follow‐up because untreated colloid nodules may develop into malignant tumor. The study aimed to examine the contributions of vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression, VDR/FokI (rs2228570) genotypes, and serum vitamin D level to the susceptibility to colloid nodules.Methods: One hundred forty subjects (80 patients and 60 controls) were enrolled and VDR FokI was determined by PCR in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) blocks of the patients and blood of controls. Moreover, VDR protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using specific VDR monoclonal antibody in the tissue sections of patients and serum vitamin D were measured simultaneously using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Sixty‐two (77.5%) cases showed strong immunoreactivity score (IRS) of cytoplasmic staining. Strong IRS were significantly observed in samples with larger nodule size (p value: 0.0094), multinodules (p value: 0.0054), and carriers of CC genotypes (p value: 0.0034). TT homozygous genotype revealed significantly (p value: 0.029 and odds ratio (OR): 0.11) protective factor for colloid nodules. In addition, nodule size was significantly (p value: 0.016) larger among CC carriers. Moreover, vitamin D level and category were nonsignificantly difference between patients and controls.Conclusion: Our results reveal prominent cytoplasmic VDR expression, suggesting a distinct distribution pattern and offering valuable insights into its potential role in colloid nodules. VDR expression increases with increasing size and number of nodules. Regarding FokI genotypes, TT genotype was less likely to develop colloid nodule. These findings contribute to our understanding of cellular characteristics of this condition and may have implications for future research and clinical management.
Chronic Kidney Disease With Related Oral Health Problems and Alterations in the Tongue Microbiome Illustrated by a 15‐Year‐Old Girl: A Case Report
Authors: Hoefer Karolin C. , Weber Lutz T. , Jazmati Nathalie , Noack Michael J. , Barbe Anna Greta , Graf Isabelle 
Published: February 2025

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterised by a gradual loss of kidney function over time and is often linked to oral health issues. This case illustrates typical conditions in young CKD patients based on a 15‐year‐old girl with CKD stage 4 and methylmalonic aciduria, severe gingivitis and hyperplasia of the gingiva, and a need for orthodontic treatment. Oral hygiene interventions, homecare instructions and deep cleaning under antibiotic shielding were necessary to improve the patient’s oral health. The immediate worsening of oral health status after extending the interval between regular prophylaxis appointments highlights the need for intensive prevention in young CKD patients to control oral health disorders. This report aims to demonstrate burden‐of‐care‐reducing oral prophylaxis options for patients suffering from severe CKD with oral manifestations.Trial Registration: German Registry of Clinical Trials: DRKS00010580
Neurophysiological Signatures of Major Depressive Disorder and Frontocentral Gamma Auditory Response Deficits
Authors: Liu Xiaoya , Liu Shuang , Su Fangyue , Zhang Wenquan , Ke Yufeng , Ming Dong 
Published: February 2025

Background: Aberrant gamma oscillations in major depressive disorder (MDD) have attracted extensive attention, but evidence delineating such neural signatures is lacking. The auditory steady‐state response (ASSR) elicited by periodic auditory stimuli is a robust probe of gamma oscillations. Here, we sought to characterize early transient auditory evoked responses (AEPs) and sustained gamma ASSRs in MDD, thereby identifying reliable neurophysiological signatures and providing preliminary interpretations of gamma auditory response deficits in MDD.Methods: Electroencephalographic data were obtained from 40 first‐episode drug‐naïve patients with MDD and 41 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs) during a 40‐Hz ASSR paradigm, encompassing two periodic stimuli—chirp and click stimuli. Source analysis of transient AEPs was performed to identify generators involved in early information processing dysfunction. In addition, spectrotemporal and spatial characteristics of 40‐Hz ASSRs were analyzed using event‐related spectral perturbation, inter‐trial phase coherence, and functional connectivity index.Results: Compared to HCs, patients showed a reduced P200 amplitude that was source‐localized to the middle temporal gyrus, possibly reflecting an underlying impairment in the processes of early allocation or auditory information perception within the auditory pathways. Meanwhile, attenuated 40‐Hz power and phase coherence, in conjunction with suppressed right frontotemporal and frontocentral connectivity, were observed in MDD, highlighting the multidimensional entrained gamma inhibition. Correlation analyses revealed that the decreased right frontocentral connectivity was strongly related to increased anxiety severity. Importantly, these abnormalities correlated with the patient’s symptoms were only found with the chirp stimulus, suggesting that the chirp stimulus has tremendous potential to reveal specific neurophysiological signatures of MDD.Conclusions: Our data reveal impaired gamma auditory responses in first‐episode drug‐naïve patients with MDD and suggest that right frontocentral connectivity elicited by the chirp stimulus may represent a promising signature for predicting clinical symptoms.
Clinical Association of Negative Lymph Nodes With Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With T3N0 Rectal Cancer
Authors: Lei Dongxu , Liu Zhanzhen , Kang Xinyi , Zeng Ziwei , Xie Hao , Cai Tanxing , Ye Fujin , Xiong Li , Li Wenxin , Liang Zhenxing , Zheng Xiaobin , Luo Shuangling , Liu Huashan 
Published: February 2025

Background: The use of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage T3N0 rectal cancer following total mesorectal excision (TME) is debated. This study is aimed at investigating the clinical significance of negative lymph node (NLN) counts in patients with T3N0 rectal cancer, particularly in relation to adjuvant chemotherapy.Methods: This retrospective analysis examined 311 patients with T3N0 rectal cancer who underwent radical resection at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University between August 2014 and December 2021. The optimal cutoff for NLN counts was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between the high and low NLN groups. Overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) were used to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy.Results: The optimal cutoff for NLNs was 21. Of the 311 patients, 141 were categorized into the high NLN group and 170 into the low NLN group. Patients with NLNs ≥ 21 had significantly better 5‐year OS (99.3% vs. 88.2%, p < 0.05) and 5‐year DFS (92.2% vs. 79.4%, p < 0.05) compared to those with low NLNs. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that NLN count was an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.078, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.011–0.582, p = 0.013) and DFS (HR = 0.417, 95% CI: 0.213–0.815, p = 0.011). Subgroup analysis indicated that adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved OS (p < 0.05) and DFS (p < 0.05) in the low NLN group.Conclusion: NLN count is an independent prognostic factor in patients with T3N0 rectal cancer. Patients with low NLN counts (NLN < 21) may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
Effects of Client‐Centered Occupational Therapy Intervention in Older Adults With Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jeong HyeongGi , Kim DeokJu 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of client‐centered occupational therapy intervention on the mental health, activities of daily living (ADL), and community participation of older adults with depression.Methods: This study was a single‐blind, randomized controlled study conducted on older adults with depression, and those who met the selection and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into an experimental group of 15 people and a control group of 15 people. The experimental group performed client‐centered occupational therapy intervention using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and Barth Time Construction (BTC), and the control group performed case management and a strength‐brain exercise program. Both groups underwent intervention twice a week for 60 min, for a total of 16 sessions. Before and after the intervention, depression, anxiety, stress, ADL, and community partitioning were measured using assessment tools with proven reliability and validity in both the experimental group and the control group.Results: The experimental group exhibited significant changes after the intervention in depression, anxiety, stress, social integration, and community integration scores (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01), while the control group showed significant changes only in depression scores (p < 0.05). As a result of comparing the amount of change between the experimental and control groups, significant differences were found in social integration among the areas of depression, stress, and community integration (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01).Conclusion: These results suggest that client‐centered occupational therapy intervention could serve as an effective intervention for improving mental health, ADL, and community participation in older adults with depression.Trial Registration: Korea Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS): KCT0009358
Validation by Expert Groups of the Conceptual and Structural Dimensions in the AcompdogSMP+ Nursing Program: A Dog‐Assisted Therapy to Promote Positive Mental Health
Authors: Balaguer-Sancho Judith , Puig-Llobet Montserrat , Lluch-Canut Maria Teresa , Tinoco-Camarena Jose , Agüera Zaida , Moreno-Arroyo Carmen 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: AcompdogSMP+ is a nursing program for the promotion of positive mental health using a dog‐assisted therapy for individuals with severe mental disorders.Objective: To validate the content validity of the four conceptual and the three structural dimensions that shape AcompdogSMP+.Design and Methods: Three expert groups with a total of 28 participants were convened, associated with the three core areas of the program (i.e., the multifactorial model of positive mental health, the “animal‐assisted therapy” nursing interventions taxonomy, and the animal‐assisted therapy as a complementary intervention model). The qualitative data were analyzed using an existing text analysis method, and the notes taken by the moderator and an assistant. The quantitative data were analyzed through the content validity index (CVI) for 68 different items that made up the seven dimensions of the AcompdogSMP+ program, through the data obtained from an ad hoc Likert‐type scale.Results: The degree of agreement of the experts was complemented with the values obtained in the results of the quantitative data. CVI values of virtually all items were excellent (greater than 0.78). Only one item had a CVI considered good (I‐CVI = 0.68). The values of the Scale Content Validity Index (S‐CVI/Ave) ranged from 0.88 to 1.00, with most of the indices being excellent (above 0.90).Conclusion: The results supported the content validity of the seven dimensions, of the AcompdogSMP+ program. The validation might allow its clinical validation, through its implementation in healthcare practice, as well as the evaluation of its effectiveness.Implication for Practice: To our knowledge, this is the first animal‐assisted therapy nursing program to promote positive mental health validated by expert judgment. By confirming the content validity of each dimension, robustness and empirical evidence is given to integrate the program into clinical practice with confidence, offering a structured and complementary intervention aimed at improving mental health outcomes and overall well‐being of patients with severe mental disorders. This could lead to greater patient engagement, improved therapeutic outcomes, and a more holistic approach to mental health.
Conhecimento de Medicina Física e Reabilitação por estudantes do sexto ano de medicina: estudo comparativo
Authors: Ticeu Paolo Kam , Rocha Eduardo de Melo Carvalho , Akamine Eduardo Hideyuki , Lazar Fernando , Saad Ana Paula Naomi , Shimada Mauricio Shigueru 
Published: February 2025

A reabilitação, restaurando funcionalidade e autonomia diante de incapacidades causadas por doenças, remonta a tempos antigos. No entanto, foi nos séculos XIX e XX que a reabilitação propriamente dita surgiu, principalmente após as Guerras Mundiais. Nos Estados Unidos e na Europa, centros de reabilitação começaram a ser projetados com o objetivo de reabilitar soldados incapacitados almejando devolver seu potencial funcional máximo e permitir seu retorno à sociedade.
Síndrome camptodactilia-artropatia-coxa-vara-pericardite: revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Corrales Daniela Rendon , Silva Wagner Thales 
Published: February 2025

A síndrome camptodactilia-artropatia-coxa-vara-pericardite (CACP) é uma doença ocasionada pelas mutações no gene proteoglicano 4 (PRG4), codificador da glicoproteína Lubricina. Esta substância tem função de lufricar as estruturas articulares e, assim, evitar a deterioração progressiva devido seu papel condoprotetor.
Variation in Likelihood of Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Among US Hospitals
Authors: Nathan Ashwin S. , Kennedy Kevin F. , Reddy Kriyana P. , Fanaroff Alexander C. , Kolansky Daniel M. , Kobayashi Taisei J. , Khatana Sameed Ahmed M. , Dayoub Elias J. , Eberly Lauren , Rao Sunil V. , Mehran Roxana , Bhatt Deepak , Yeh Robert W. , Spertus John A. , Giri Jay 
Published: February 2025

Background
There may be variability in willingness to perform percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in higher‐risk patients who present with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We sought to describe current treatment selection patterns and hospital‐level variability.

Methods and Results

We identified patients presenting with STEMI with a culprit lesion on coronary angiography between January 1, 2019, and March 31, 2023, using the NCDR (National Cardiovascular Data Registry) CPMI (Chest Pain–Myocardial Infarction) registry. We compared patient‐level characteristics of patients who did and did not undergo PCI at each hospital. There were 178 984 patients from 582 US hospitals presenting with STEMI who were included. Among patients with STEMI and a culprit lesion, 6180 did not undergo PCI (3.5%). Patients with a presentation of STEMI and a culprit lesion who did not undergo PCI were older (67 [interquartile range, 58–76]) years versus 62 ([interquartile range, 54–71] years,
P
<0.001), more likely to present with heart failure (15.0% versus 7.4%,
P
<0.001), and more likely to have cardiac arrest before arrival (9.7% versus 5.1%,
P
<0.001) than patients who underwent PCI. Patients who did not undergo PCI had higher predicted mortality rates (12.5%±17.9% versus 6.5%±11.5%,
P
<0.001) and observed mortality rates (21.7% versus 6.4%,
P
<0.001) compared with patients who underwent PCI.

Conclusions
There is variability in the percentage of patients with culprit lesions on invasive coronary angiography undergoing PCI for STEMI, with 3.5% of patients with STEMI not receiving PCI overall, and >5% of patients not undergoing PCI in a quarter of US hospitals. Differences in observed versus predicted mortality rates for patients who did or did not undergo PCI may highlight the effects of risk‐avoidant behavior.
Incremental Prognostic Value of Echocardiography Measures of Right Ventricular Systolic Function in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Gentile Francesco , Chianca Michela , Bazan Lorenzo , Sciarrone Paolo , Chubuchny Vlad , Taddei Claudia , Poggianti Elisa , Passino Claudio , Emdin Michele , Giannoni Alberto 
Published: February 2025

Background
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), Doppler tissue imaging–derived tricuspid lateral annular systolic wave velocity (S′), and right ventricular fractional area change (RV‐FAC) are the most widely used echocardiographic measures of right ventricular systolic function. This study aimed to compare the prognostic value of TAPSE, S′, and RV‐FAC in a large cohort of patients with chronic heart failure.

Methods
Consecutive outpatients with heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction <50% on guideline‐recommended therapies undergoing echocardiography were followed up for the end point of cardiac and all‐cause death.

Results

Among 1590 patients (71±12 years, 77% men, left ventricular ejection fraction 34%±9%), 202 (13%) died from cardiac causes during a median follow‐up of 28 (interquartile range, 14–40) months. According to the recommended cut points for TAPSE (<17 mm), S′ (<9.5 cm/s), or RV‐FAC (<35%), right ventricular systolic dysfunction was found in 37%, 40%, and 35% of patients, respectively, with 21%, 31%, and 33% of discordant cases comparing TAPSE versus S′, TAPSE versus RV‐FAC, and S′ versus RV‐FAC. Both TAPSE <17 mm and RV‐FAC <35% were more accurate than S′ <9.5 cm/s in predicting the risk of cardiac death (
P
<0.001), and their combination showed incremental prognostic power (
P
<0.001). Adding S′ to the combination of TAPSE and RV‐FAC did not provide further incremental value (
P
=0.145). Similar findings were obtained when all‐cause death was considered as the end point.

Conclusions
In patients with chronic heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction <50%, TAPSE, and RV‐FAC are more accurate than S′ in predicting the risk of cardiac and all‐cause death. Considering both RV‐FAC and TAPSE provides incremental prognostic value.
Association of Racial Residential Segregation and Survival After Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States
Authors: Abbott Ethan E. , Buckler David G. , Shekhar Aditya C. , Landry Elizabeth , Abella Benjamin S. , Richardson Lynne D. , Zebrowski Alexis M. ,   and the CARES Surveillance Group
Published: February 2025

Background
Social determinants of health such as residential segregation have been identified as drivers of disparities in health outcomes; however, this has been understudied for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We sought to examine whether there were differences in survival to discharge and survival with good neurological outcome, as well as likelihood of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, using validated measures of racial, ethnic, and economic segregation.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective observational study using data from the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival data set. The primary predictor for this study was the Index of Concentration at the Extremes. The primary outcomes were survival to discharge and survival with good neurological status.

Results
During the study period, 626 264 had an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest, and patients had a mean age of 62 years (SD 17.2 years). In multivariable models, we observed an increased likelihood of survival to discharge and survival with good neurological outcome for those patients residing in more highly segregated predominately White population and higher‐income census tracts as compared with more highly segregated and lower‐income Black and Hispanic/Latinx population census tracts. We found that the magnitude of this disparity was 24% for the outcome of survival to discharge as compared with reference (relative risk,1.24 [95% CI, 1.20–1.28]).

Conclusions
This research suggests that areas impacted by residential and economic segregation are important targets for both public policy interventions as well as addressing disparities in care across the chain of survival for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest.
Taxonomic revision of the Dracocephalum fruticulosum group Lamiaceae
Authors: ZHANG TONG-HE , TIAN YU-XIN , ZHAO LI-QING 
Published: February 2025

This study presents a taxonomic revision of the Dracocephalum fruticulosum group based on field investigation, specimen comparison, and literature research. Four taxa are currently recognised within this group, namely D. fruticulosum, D. psammophilum, D. linearifolium var. linearifolium, D. linearifolium var. etokense. In this paper, the D. fruticulosum group in Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae, Flora Intramongolica and Flora of China is further revised, and D. linearifolium var. linearifolium and D. linearifolium var. etokense are here treated as synonyms for D. psammophilum. The distinguishing features between D. fruticulosum and D. psammophilum lie in the number of leaf veins, the characteristics of glands and glandular pits on abaxial surface of leaf, and the presence or absence of spiny tips at the apex of the blades in the lower stem, rather than differences in leaf shape, leaf margin features (toothed or spiny), or calyx morphology. Based on available specimens and field surveys, it is concluded that D. fruticulosum is currently not occurring in China.
Bathymetry imposes a global pattern of cross-front transport in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Denes Michael C. , Keating Shane R. , Froyland Gary 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Southern Ocean plays an integral role in the global climate system, exchanging heat, salt, and carbon throughout the major ocean basins via the deep, fast-flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is bounded by spatiotemporally varying fronts that partition distinct water masses. Locating and quantifying cross-front transport is crucial for understanding global patterns of inter-basin exchange; however, this is challenging because fronts are typically defined by hydrographic properties, such as temperature or salinity, which are subject to external sources and sinks, rather than by properties of the flow itself. Here we show that Southern Ocean fronts can be characterized by material contours that minimize deformation and cross-contour mixing over a prescribed time window. By tracking material contours in a sequence of such windows, we quantify cross-front transport and show that the fronts exhibit a global pattern of alternating poleward and equatorward transport caused by frontal meandering in regions downstream of prominent sea-floor obstacles. These results highlight the importance of bathymetric features in controlling Southern Ocean dynamics and inter-basin exchange.