bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of a high-fat diet on the metabolic profile and the phenotype of atrial myocardium in mice
Authors: Suffee Nadine , Baptista Elodie , Piquereau Jérôme , Ponnaiah Maharajah , Doisne Nicolas , Ichou Farid , Lhomme Marie , Pichard Camille , Galand Vincent , Mougenot Nathalie , Dilanian Gilles , Lucats Laurence , Balse Elise , Mericskay Mathias , Le Goff Wilfried , Hatem Stéphane N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndromes are risk factors of atrial fibrillation (AF). We tested the hypothesis that metabolic disorders have a direct impact on the atria favouring the formation of the substrate of AF.

Methods and results
Untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic analysis was used to investigate the consequences of a prolonged high-fat diet (HFD) on mouse atria. Atrial properties were characterized by measuring mitochondria respiration in saponin-permeabilized trabeculae, by recording action potential (AP) with glass microelectrodes in trabeculae and ionic currents in myocytes using the perforated configuration of patch clamp technique and by several immuno-histological and biochemical approaches. After 16 weeks of HFD, obesogenic mice showed a vulnerability to AF. The atrial myocardium acquired an adipogenic and inflammatory phenotypes. Metabolomic and lipidomic analysis revealed a profound transformation of atrial energy metabolism with a predominance of long-chain lipid accumulation and beta-oxidation activation in the obese mice. Mitochondria respiration showed an increased use of palmitoyl-CoA as energy substrate. APs were short duration and sensitive to the K-ATP-dependent channel inhibitor, whereas K-ATP current was enhanced in isolated atrial myocytes of obese mouse.

Conclusion
HFD transforms energy metabolism, causes fat accumulation, and induces electrical remodelling of the atrial myocardium of mice that become vulnerable to AF.
Right ventricular haemangioma as a rare cause of chest pain: a case report
Authors: Tang Manyun , Jian Zhijie , Yan Yang , Guo Fengwei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Cardiac haemangioma is a rare primary cardiac tumour. Most patients with cardiac haemangioma have no typical symptoms, and some may present with non-specific manifestations, such as shortness of breath, heart palpitations, or cardiac insufficiency, making it difficult to distinguish cardiac haemangioma from other diseases. We report a case of cardiac haemangioma that present with chest pain. This haemangioma was finally completely excised to relieve the patient’s symptoms and a avoid poor prognosis.

Case summary
A 14-year-old boy presented with an intermittent and progressive non-exertional chest pain for 2 weeks. Echocardiography showed a space-occupying mass at the right ventricular apex, which was later confirmed by computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The mass was successfully resected, and postoperative pathology confirmed a cardiac cavernous haemangioma. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery at the 8-month follow-up.

Discussion
Cardiac haemangioma is a benign tumour with no typical clinical manifestations, and very few patients may present with chest pain. Preoperative echocardiography, computed tomography, and MRI are helpful for diagnosis, and surgery can relieve symptoms and may improve the prognosis of patients with cardiac haemangioma.
Epicardial box lesion using bipolar biparietal radiofrequency and multimodality scar evaluation—a case series
Authors: Bijvoet Geertruida Petronella , Chaldoupi Sevasti-Maria , Bidar Elham , Holtackers Robert J , Luermans Justin G L M , Maesen Bart 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Surgical epicardial atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation can be performed as a stand-alone (thoracoscopic) procedure or concomitant to other cardiac surgery. In hybrid AF ablation thoracoscopic surgical epicardial ablation is combined with a percutaneous endocardial ablation. The Medtronic Gemini-S clamp is a surgical tool that uses irrigated bipolar biparietal radiofrequency (RF) energy applied with two clamp lesions that overlap to create one epicardial box lesion including the posterior left atrial wall and the pulmonary veins.

Case summary
We describe three patients with therapy-refractory persistent AF and different stages of atrial remodelling in whom the Medtronic Cardioblate Gemini-S Irrigated RF Surgical Ablation System was used for hybrid AF ablation. Acute endocardial validation at the end of the hybrid ablation revealed a complete box lesion in all three cases. At 2-year follow-up, two out of three patients had recurrence of atrial arrhythmias. Invasive electro-anatomical mapping confirmed the persistence of the box lesion, and the mechanism of arrhythmia recurrence in both patients was unrelated to posterior left atrium or the pulmonary veins. The third patient has been without arrhythmia symptoms since the ablation procedure. A three-dimensional late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging illustrates the ablation scar non-invasively in two cases.

Discussion
Thoracoscopic biparietal RF AF ablation with the Medtronic Cardioblate Gemini-S Irrigated RF Surgical Ablation System results in permanent transmural scar formation, irrespective of the stage of atrial remodelling, as shown in this small population by means of multimodality scar evaluation.
Predictors of Sustained Response With Tofacitinib Therapy in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Sandborn William J , Armuzzi Alessandro , Liguori Giuseppina , Irving Peter M , Sharara Ala I , Mundayat Rajiv , Lawendy Nervin , Woolcott John C , Danese Silvio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule JAK inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. We evaluate baseline characteristics as predictors of sustained response and remission in patients with ulcerative colitis receiving tofacitinib maintenance therapy.

Methods
Patients with clinical response following OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 entered OCTAVE Sustain and were rerandomized to receive tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily or placebo. Baseline characteristics were stratified by week 52 efficacy endpoints (remission, sustained remission, clinical response, sustained clinical response). Associations between baseline characteristics and efficacy endpoints were evaluated using logistic regression analyses.

Results
Overall, 170 of 487 (34.9%) patients were in remission at week 52. In multivariable modeling, endoscopic subscore at baseline of OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 (2 vs 3; odds ratio [OR], 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-2.44]), partial Mayo score (&lt;2 vs ≥2; OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.27-2.90), and age (per 10-years; OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.39) at baseline of OCTAVE Sustain (following 8 weeks’ tofacitinib induction therapy) were associated with higher odds of remission at week 52. Oral corticosteroid use (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.42-0.96) and C-reactive protein (per unit; OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.99) at baseline of OCTAVE Sustain were associated with reduced likelihood of remission at week 52. In general, opposite associations were observed for time to loss of response.

Conclusion
Patients with greater clinical improvement after 8 weeks of tofacitinib induction therapy are more likely to maintain response or remission with tofacitinib regardless of dose received during maintenance, highlighting the importance of a robust response to induction therapy.
Optimized photovoltaic system for improved electricity conversion
Authors: Xiao Dongyue , Liu Titi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) modules convert solar energy into electricity; however, in actual applications, the conversion efficiency of PV modules is low. This is because the temperature of PV modules increases, most of the incoming solar radiation absorbed is discarded to the PV modules as wasted heat; this wasted heat generated can be utilized and transferred to a heat exchanger in contact to the rear PV modules. A proposed model is considered with a variation of solar cell temperature due to solar radiation and its effects on output power are modeled and evaluated, seeing PV modules as a thermal absorber, a part of the heat dissipated in the PV modules can be recovered by means of a heat transfer fluid running behind the PV modules, this method improves the PV efficiency, as well as produces thermal and electrical energy simultaneously, thus, the PV modules provide a multifunctional performance cited above, this plays the role of a hybrid solar collector system. The aim of this study is to improve the efficiency of the PV module, through the analysis of a detailed Photovoltaic-Thermal (PVT) collector model performance. The study also estimates the electrical power and thermal energy produced; using MATLAB as an application-oriented design method, the method proposed in this paper can better improve the efficiency of PV power generation and has a wide range of application prospects.
Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of tenofovir, emtricitabine and dolutegravir in mice
Authors: Labarthe Laura , Gelé Thibaut , Gouget Hélène , Benzemrane Mariam-Sarah , Le Calvez Pauline , Legrand Nicolas , Lambotte Olivier , Le Grand Roger , Bourgeois Christine , Barrail-Tran Aurélie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Studies of antiretroviral drug (ARV) tissue distribution in preclinical models, such as mice, are key to understanding viral persistence.

Objectives
To determine the plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics and tissue distributions of tenofovir, emtricitabine and dolutegravir in mice.

Methods
ARVs were simultaneously administered to two different strains, and their levels in plasma and tissue samples were determined by a validated LC-MS/MS method. A non-compartmental analysis was performed to estimate the main pharmacokinetic parameters. A tissue penetration factor (TPF) was calculated as the ratio of the concentration in the tissue concerned to that in plasma.

Results
ARV plasma pharmacokinetic parameters in both strains were similar to those estimated in the clinical context. Tissue concentrations were highest in the digestive tract, followed by the liver and kidneys, lymphatic system, pancreas, adipose tissue and lungs. Tissue concentrations were lowest in the brain. Triple therapy could not be considered effective in any of the tissues considered. The TPF values obtained showed that tenofovir diffused widely, especially in the digestive tract, liver and kidneys. Emtricitabine had a TPF above 100% in two-thirds of the tissues. Dolutegravir was poorly distributed to all tissues.

Conclusions
Drug specificity was observed, with higher levels of exposure to tenofovir than to emtricitabine or dolutegravir. Tissue specificity was also observed, with strong penetration of the digestive tract and weak penetration of the brain. These data have important implications for future preclinical and clinical studies for developing new HIV therapies with the goal of an HIV cure.
Barriers and facilitators for the implementation of health condition and outcome registry systems: a systematic literature review
Authors: Lazem Mina , Sheikhtaheri Abbas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveHealth condition and outcome registry systems (registries) are used to collect data related to diseases and other health-related outcomes in specific populations. The implementation of these programs encounters various barriers and facilitators. Therefore, the present review aimed to identify and classify these barriers and facilitators.Materials and MethodsSome databases, including PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Sciences, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Ovid, ProQuest, and Google Scholar, were searched using related keywords. Thereafter, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the required data were collected using a data extraction form and then analyzed by the content analysis method. The obtained data were analyzed separately for research and review studies, and the developed and developing countries were compared.ResultsForty-five studies were reviewed and 175 unique codes were identified, among which 93 barriers and 82 facilitators were identified. Afterward, these factors were classified into the following 7 categories: barriers/facilitators to management and data management, poor/improved collaborations, technological constraints/appropriateness, barriers/facilitators to legal and regulatory factors, considerations/facilitators related to diseases, and poor/improved patients’ participation. Although many of these factors have been more cited in the literature related to the developing countries, they were found to be common in both developed and developing countries.ConclusionLack of budget, poor performance of managers, low data quality, and low stakeholders’ interest/motivation on one hand, and financing, providing adequate training, ensuring data quality, and appropriate data collection on the other hand were found as the most common barriers or facilitators for the success of the registry implementation.
Hybridization between two introduced, invasive crayfish species in the upper Juniata River system, Pennsylvania, USA
Authors: Merovich George T , Hearn Madison , Smith Nicholas A , Buonaccorsi Vincent P 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHybridization of non-native crayfishes with native crayfishes can facilitate invasion success of the non-native. We report novel genetic evidence of hybridization between rusty crayfish, Faxonius rusticus (Girard, 1852), and Allegheny crayfish, F. obscurus (Hagen, 1870), two non-native species in the upper Juniata River basin of central Pennsylvania. We used double-digest restriction-associated DNA sequencing, which yielded 28,031 single nucleotide polymorphisms, to characterize the extent of hybridization. Two of eight individuals with mixed character traits were identified as the progeny of hybrids backcrossed into rusty crayfish. One individual, presumed to be a rusty crayfish in the field, was genetically identified as a hybrid backcross to rusty crayfish. The three crayfish taxa (rusty, Allegheny, and intermediates) are virtually indistinguishable based on typical morphological characters. Key character traits that distinguish rusty and Allegheny crayfishes can be mixed atypically in certain individuals (i.e., intermediates). Our results indicate that introgressive hybridization has occurred between rusty and Allegheny crayfishes, and that at least some of the character-trait intermediate individuals have hybrid ancestry. Hybridization may be an additional means by which invasive rusty crayfish increase their fitness and dominance at the expense of existing species and their habitat.
Diagnostic Uncertainty, Microbes, and the Isolation of People with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: LaBonte Michelle Lynne 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The framing of cystic fibrosis (CF) changed from a strictly genetic disease in the mid- to late-twentieth century to a genetic/infectious hybrid of sorts by the early twenty-first century, providing an opportunity to examine the nature of disease definition in medicine. Respiratory infections had long been associated with CF, yet it was not until the late twentieth century that many physicians became concerned about the possibility of patient-to-patient transmission of a particularly pathogenic microorganism. Initially termed Pseudomonas cepacia, the microbe was linked to rapid decline and even death in some people with CF, and early efforts to prevent its spread included the segregation of infected individuals. However, soon after segregation was implemented in a range of medical and social contexts, physicians began to suspect that people with CF did not always test positive for P. cepacia in the setting of infection, due to challenges isolating and identifying the microorganism in the laboratory. These sources of diagnostic uncertainty, coupled with the severe health outcomes associated with P. cepacia infection, prompted those in leadership positions to treat all people with CF as a potential source of contagion and restrict their in-person interactions, a practice that has had a profound impact on the CF community.
Current Situation of Malaria and Resistance of Main Vectors to WHO Recommended Insecticides in an Endemic Area, Southeastern Iran
Authors: Saberi Nasrollah , Raeisi Ahmad , Gorouhi Mohammad Amin , Vatandoost Hassan , Mashayekhi Minoo , Nikpour Fatemeh , Bozorg Omid Faramarz , Rahimi Foroushani Abbas , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Although malaria is endemic in some areas of southeastern Iran, following the successful national malaria elimination plan, the local transmission area has been shrunk. The main cases in Iran are due to Plasmodium vivax followed by P. falciparum. This study was aimed to determine the current situation of malaria in Kerman Province of Iran and evaluate the insecticide resistance of main vectors. The field study was conducted in 2019. Data of new malaria cases were obtained from the health centers for the period of 2009–2018. Susceptibility status of Anopheles stephensi and An. dthali was evaluated against dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, Dieldrin, Malathion, Bendiocarb, Deltamethrin, and Temephos at the diagnostic dose. A total of 522 malaria cases were recorded and divided into indigenous (33.14%) and imported (66.86%) categories. The highest incidence of the disease was reported from the southern areas of the province, where all indigenous cases occurred. Adults of An. stephensi were resistant to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane while its resistance to be confirmed to dieldrin, bendiocarb and deltamethrin. As An. dthali had less than 98% mortality against bendiocarb, the resistance status should be confirmed with more tests. Our findings showed both species had less than 98% mortality against bendiocarb and deltamethrin insecticides which are used in malaria vector control program in Iran. Due to the susceptibility of these vectors to temephos, larviciding can be advised for vector control in this area.
Losing One’s Head or Gaining a New Body?
Authors: Eberl Jason T 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA surgical head-transplant technique, HEAVEN, promises to offer significantly improved quality of life for quadriplegics and others whose minds are functional, but whose bodies require artificial support to continue living. HEAVEN putatively actualizes a thought-experiment long debated by philosophers concerning the definition of personhood and criterion of personal identity through time and change. HEAVEN’s advocates presume to preserve the identity of the person whose head is transplanted onto another’s living body, leaving one’s previous body behind as one would their corpse. Various classical and contemporary theories of personhood and personal identity would support this presumption, while others would contest it as providing an accurate or complete view of what is essential for a human person to persist through this procedure. This paper brings such theories to bear in analyzing whether HEAVEN can indeed deliver on its promise of complete ontological survival for the person whose head is transplanted.
Properties of molecular gas in galaxies in early and mid stages of Interaction. III. Resolved Kennicutt–Schmidt law
Authors: Kaneko Hiroyuki , Kuno Nario , Iono Daisuke , Tamura Yoichi , Tosaki Tomoka , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Sawada Tsuyoshi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We study properties of the interstellar medium, an ingredient of stars, and star formation activity, in four nearby galaxy pairs in the early and mid stages of interaction for both a galaxy scale and a kpc scale. The galaxy-scale Kennicutt–Schmidt law shows that seven of eight interacting galaxies have a star formation rate within a factor of three compared with the best fit of the isolated galaxies, although we have shown that molecular hydrogen gas is efficiently produced from atomic hydrogen during the interaction in the previous paper (Kaneko et al. 2017 PASJ, 69, 66). The galaxy-scale specific star formation rate (sSFR) and star formation efficiency (SFE) in interacting galaxies are comparable to those in isolated galaxies. We also investigate SFE and the Kennicutt–Schmidt law on a kpc scale. The spatial distributions of SFE reveal that SFE is locally enhanced, and the enhanced regions take place asymmetrically or at off-centre regions. The local enhancement of SFE could be induced by shock. We find that the index of the Kennicutt–Schmidt law for the interacting galaxies in the early stage is 1.30 ± 0.04, which is consistent with that of the isolated galaxies. Since CO emission, which is used in the Kennicutt–Schmidt law, is a tracer of the amount of molecular gas, this fact suggests that dense gas, which is more directly connected to star formation, is not changed at the early stage of interaction.
Linking Pain and Motor Control: Conceptualization of Movement Deficits in Patients With Painful Conditions
Authors: Kantak Shailesh S , Johnson Tessa , Zarzycki Ryan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

When people experience or expect pain, they move differently. Pain-altered movement strategies, collectively described here as pain-related movement dysfunction (PRMD), may persist well after pain resolves and, ultimately, may result in altered kinematics and kinetics, future reinjury, and disability. Although PRMD may manifest as abnormal movements that are often evident in clinical assessment, the underlying mechanisms are complex, engaging sensory-perceptual, cognitive, psychological, and motor processes. Motor control theories provide a conceptual framework to determine, assess, and target processes that contribute to normal and abnormal movement and thus are important for physical therapy and rehabilitation practice. Contemporary understanding of motor control has evolved from reflex-based understanding to a more complex task-dependent interaction between cognitive and motor systems, each with distinct neuroanatomic substrates. Though experts have recognized the importance of motor control in the management of painful conditions, there is no comprehensive framework that explicates the processes engaged in the control of goal-directed actions, particularly in the presence of pain. This Perspective outlines sensory-perceptual, cognitive, psychological, and motor processes in the contemporary model of motor control, describing the neural substrates underlying each process and highlighting how pain and anticipation of pain influence motor control processes and consequently contribute to PRMD. Finally, potential lines of future inquiry—grounded in the contemporary model of motor control—are outlined to advance understanding and improve the assessment and treatment of PRMD.

Impact
This Perspective proposes that approaching PRMD from a contemporary motor control perspective will uncover key mechanisms, identify treatment targets, inform assessments, and innovate treatments across sensory-perceptual, cognitive, and motor domains, all of which have the potential to improve movement and functional outcomes in patients with painful conditions.
Physical Therapist Management of Parkinson Disease: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Physical Therapy Association
Authors: Osborne Jacqueline A , Botkin Rachel , Colon-Semenza Cristina , DeAngelis Tamara R , Gallardo Oscar G , Kosakowski Heidi , Martello Justin , Pradhan Sujata , Rafferty Miriam , Readinger Janet L , Whitt Abigail L , Ellis Terry D 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A clinical practice guideline on Parkinson disease was developed by an American Physical Therapy Association volunteer guideline development group that consisted of physical therapists and a neurologist. The guideline was based on systematic reviews of current scientific and clinical information and accepted approaches for management of Parkinson disease.
The Spanish version of this clinical practice guideline is available as a supplement (Suppl. Appendix 1).