bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The TRACTOR Project: TRACking and MoniToring Occupational Risks in Agriculture Using French Insurance Health Data (MSA)
Authors: Petit Pascal , Bosson-Rieutort Delphine , Maugard Charlotte , Gondard Elise , Ozenfant Damien , Joubert Nadia , François Olivier , Bonneterre Vincent 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
A vast data mining project called ‘TRACking and moniToring Occupational Risks in agriculture’ (TRACTOR) was initiated in 2017 to investigate work-related health events among the entire French agricultural workforce. The goal of this work is to present the TRACTOR project, the challenges faced during its implementation, to discuss its strengths and limitations and to address its potential impact for health surveillance.

Methods
Three routinely collected administrative health databases from the National Health Insurance Fund for Agricultural Workers and Farmers (MSA) were made available for the TRACTOR project. Data management was required to properly clean and prepare the data before linking together all available databases.

Results
After removing few missing and aberrant data (4.6% values), all available databases were fully linked together. The TRACTOR project is an exhaustive database of agricultural workforce (active and retired) from 2002 to 2016, with around 10.5 million individuals including seasonal workers and farm managers. From 2012 to 2016, a total of 6 906 290 individuals were recorded. Half of these individuals were active and 46% had at least one health event (e.g. declared chronic disease, reimbursed drug prescription) during this 5-year period.

Conclusions
The assembled MSA databases available in the TRACTOR project are regularly updated and represent a promising and unprecedent dataset for data mining analysis dedicated to the early identification of current and emerging work-related illnesses and hypothesis generation. As a result, this project could help building a prospective integrated health surveillance system for the benefit of agricultural workers.
Identifying multi-functional bioactive peptide functions using multi-label deep learning
Authors: Tang Wending , Dai Ruyu , Yan Wenhui , Zhang Wei , Bin Yannan , Xia Enhua , Xia Junfeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The bioactive peptide has wide functions, such as lowering blood glucose levels and reducing inflammation. Meanwhile, computational methods such as machine learning are becoming more and more important for peptide functions prediction. Most of the previous studies concentrate on the single-functional bioactive peptides prediction. However, the number of multi-functional peptides is on the increase; therefore, novel computational methods are needed. In this study, we develop a method MLBP (Multi-Label deep learning approach for determining the multi-functionalities of Bioactive Peptides), which can predict multiple functions including anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial simultaneously. MLBP model takes the peptide sequence vector as input to replace the biological and physiochemical features used in other peptides predictors. Using the embedding layer, the dense continuous feature vector is learnt from the sequence vector. Then, we extract convolution features from the feature vector through the convolutional neural network layer and combine with the bidirectional gated recurrent unit layer to improve the prediction performance. The 5-fold cross-validation experiments are conducted on the training dataset, and the results show that Accuracy and Absolute true are 0.695 and 0.685, respectively. On the test dataset, Accuracy and Absolute true of MLBP are 0.709 and 0.697, with 5.0 and 4.7% higher than those of the suboptimum method, respectively. The results indicate MLBP has superior prediction performance on the multi-functional peptides identification. MLBP is available at https://github.com/xialab-ahu/MLBP and http://bioinfo.ahu.edu.cn/MLBP/.
Highways, Market Access and Spatial Sorting
Authors: Fretz Stephan , Parchet Raphaël , Robert-Nicoud Frédéric 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We design a parsimonious spatial equilibrium model featuring workers embodied with heterogeneous skills and non-homothetic preferences. In equilibrium, locations with improved commuting access become relatively more attractive to high-income earners. We empirically analyse the effects of the construction of the Swiss highway network between 1960 and 2010 on the population size and composition of municipalities. We find that the advent of a new highway access led to a long-term 24% increase in the share of top-income taxpayers and a 8% decrease in the share of low-income taxpayers, impacting segregation by income. Highways also contributed to job and residential urban sprawl.
Protective effects of 17β-oestradiol on coagulation and systemic inflammation after total occlusion of the descending aorta in male rats
Authors: Sobral Marcelo Luiz Peixoto , Dias Ricardo Ribeiro , Correia Cristiano de Jesus , Coutinho e Silva Raphael dos Santos , da Anunciação Lucas Ferreira , Breithaupt-Faloppa Ana Cristina , Moreira Luiz Felipe Pinho 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The surgical treatment for diseases of the descending aorta is related to a high mortality rate because of the activation of a systemic inflammatory process due to ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Activation of coagulation can contribute to the inflammatory process, resulting in microcirculatory damage and multiple organ failure. Our goal was to evaluate the role of prophylactic intravenous 17β-oestradiol (E2) in coagulation, the inflammatory response and hepatic injury after occlusion of the descendent proximal aorta in male rats.

METHODS
Wistar male rats were randomized and allocated to 3 groups (n = 8 per group): sham, surgically manipulated; IR, animals subjected to I/R; and E2, animals treated with E2 (280 µg/kg, intravenously) before I/R. I/R was induced by insertion of a 2-Fr Fogarty arterial embolectomy catheter in the descending aorta, which was occluded for 20 min, followed by a reperfusion period of 2 h. Serological markers, platelet aggregation, hepatic vascular flow, systemic and liver inflammatory response and apoptosis were analysed. The coagulation process was evaluated by thromboelastometry.

RESULTS
The aortic occlusion led to a reduction in plasma fibrinogen concentration in parallel with increased clotting time, greater clot firmness and reduced lysis. E2 treatment was able to increase fibrinogen, prevent the increase in clotting time and normalize clot firmness, but it exerted only a mild effect on clot lysis. Platelet aggregation was increased by IR, and E2 treatment was able to reduce it. There was a reduction in flow percentage in the IR group that was not prevented by E2. In parallel, higher aggregate formation was observed in the vessels of the IR group of animals. There was increased systemic release of interleukin-1-β, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 in the IR group, which was reduced in the treated animals.

CONCLUSIONS
The current results suggest that pretreatment with E2 before an ischaemic period induced by occlusion of the proximal descending aorta is effective in preventing alterations in coagulation and systemic inflammation due to I/R injury.
Research into policy: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: van Schalkwyk May C I , McKee Martin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
There has been an unprecedented global effort by researchers from many disciplines to obtain and synthesize knowledge to inform policy responses to SARS-CoV-2. While many major advances have been made in generating and applying knowledge on a pandemic caused by a novel pathogen, some things could have been done better, as revealed by the devastating loss of life and economic impact on livelihoods and communities. We reflect on the context in which the pandemic emerged, characterized by underinvestment in public health and growing distrust in institutions, followed by an overview of three broad areas: generation of new knowledge, synthesis of existing knowledge, both what was known prior to the pandemic and what emerged during it, and the challenges of translating knowledge into policy. We also consider areas that were largely overlooked in the research effort. Across all areas, we aim to draw out relevant lessons for future research and public health practice.
Methylome-wide association study of early life stressors and adult mental health
Authors: Howard David M , Pain Oliver , Arathimos Ryan , Barbu Miruna C , Amador Carmen , Walker Rosie M , Jermy Bradley , Adams Mark J , Deary Ian J , Porteous David , Campbell Archie , Sullivan Patrick F , Evans Kathryn L , Arseneault Louise , Wray Naomi R , Meaney Michael , McIntosh Andrew M , Lewis Cathryn M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The environment and events that we are exposed to in utero, during birth and in early childhood influence our future physical and mental health. The underlying mechanisms that lead to these outcomes are unclear, but long-term changes in epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, could act as a mediating factor or biomarker. DNA methylation data were assayed at 713 522 CpG sites from 9537 participants of the Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study, a family-based cohort with extensive genetic, medical, family history and lifestyle information. Methylome-wide association studies of eight early life environment phenotypes and two adult mental health phenotypes (major depressive disorder and brief resilience scale) were conducted using DNA methylation data collected from adult whole blood samples. Two genes involved with different developmental pathways (PRICKLE2, Prickle Planar Cell Polarity Protein 2 and ABI1, Abl-Interactor-1) were annotated to CpG sites associated with preterm birth (P &lt; 1.27 × 10−9). A further two genes important to the development of sensory pathways (SOBP, Sine Oculis Binding Protein Homolog and RPGRIP1, Retinitis Pigmentosa GTPase Regulator Interacting Protein) were annotated to sites associated with low birth weight (P &lt; 4.35 × 10−8). The examination of methylation profile scores and genes and gene-sets annotated from associated CpGs sites found no evidence of overlap between the early life environment and mental health conditions. Birth date was associated with a significant difference in estimated lymphocyte and neutrophil counts. Previous studies have shown that early life environments influence the risk of developing mental health disorders later in life; however, this study found no evidence that this is mediated by stable changes to the methylome detectable in peripheral blood.
The REDCap Mobile Application: a data collection platform for research in regions or situations with internet scarcity
Authors: Harris Paul A , Delacqua Giovanni , Taylor Robert , Pearson Scott , Fernandez Michelle , Duda Stephany N 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To share our approach for designing, developing, and deploying the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) Mobile Application, details about its dissemination and support through the REDCap Consortium, and a set of lessons learned and guidance recommendations for others developing mobile platforms to support research in regions or situations with internet scarcity.

Materials and Methods
We defined minimum viable product requirements centered around Android and iOS platform availability, data capture specifications and project initiation workflow, study data synchronization, and data security. After launch, we added features based on feedback from end-users and REDCap administrators. We prioritized new features based on expected impact, difficulty, and anticipated long-term cost for sustainability.

Results
We chose Apache Cordova, a combined iOS and Android development framework, based on targeted end-user technology expectations, available programmer resources, and the need to provide solutions for resource-limited settings. The REDCap Mobile Application was launched in 2015, has been enabled at over 800 REDCap Consortium partner organizations, and has supported diverse scientific studies around the world.

Discussion
Apache Cordova enabled early software releases for both iOS and Android, but required ongoing optimization efforts to improve software responsiveness. Developing a robust and efficient mobile device synchronization architecture was difficult without direct access to global network infrastructures for testing. Research teams in sub-Saharan Africa helped our development team understand and simulate real-world scenarios of intermittent internet connectivity.

Conclusion
Guidance recommendations based on designing, developing, deploying, and disseminating the REDCap Mobile Application may help other teams looking to develop clinical research informatics applications.
Framing colonial war loot
Authors: Hartwell Nicole M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article investigates the provenance of four artefacts associated with the military commander Kunwar Singh (1777–1858), who fought a guerrilla campaign against the British during the Indian Uprising of 1857–8. By analysing how these objects were documented and inscribed, it can be shown that, through the invocation of what is characterized here as ‘martial discourse’, British officers framed the acquisition of the arms, armour and ceremonial possessions of an enemy commander in very specific ways. As an overlooked aspect of nineteenth-century British military culture, an examination of martial discourse helps to clarify how British officers presented acquisitions in colonial military contexts. Fundamental to the examples considered here – which include ‘taken in action’, ‘captured’ and ‘spolia opima’ – was an implicit and shared understanding within the British military establishment that artefacts deemed to signify victory and military prowess could be elevated above, and distinguished from those taken during acts of unsanctioned appropriation and looting.
Reasonable management of perennial planting grassland contributes to positive succession of soil microbial community in Sanjiangyuan of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: Chen Xin , Li Qi , Chen Dongdong , He Fuquan , Huo Lili , Zhao Liang , Xiao Chunwang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGrassland reconstruction is a major approach to alleviate the ‘black beach’ in Sanjiangyuan of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. It is vital to understand how to manage the planting grassland after reconstruction. And which artificial grassland management pattern is more likely to restore the degraded grassland of ‘black beach?’ To provide the scientific basis for the restoration of ‘black beach’, we investigated the changes in vegetation characteristics, soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community structure of planting grassland under different management patterns, and explored the effect of the management patterns on community succession of planting grassland. In this study, vegetation characteristics and soil physicochemical properties were measured by field investigation and laboratory analyses, respectively. Soil microbial community composition was determined by high-throughput sequencing techniques. The results showed that there were significant differences in vegetation characteristics, soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community structure of the planting grassland under different management patterns. Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota were mainly controlled by vegetation plant species diversity, aboveground biomass (AGB) and soil organic carbon (SOC). Shannon-Wiener index, AGB and SOC peaked and the relative abundance of amplicon sequence variants annotated by Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota were significantly enriched under the management pattern of the planting once treatment. Additionally, the soil had the highest bacterial diversity and the lowest fungal diversity under the planting once treatment, becoming a ‘bacterial’ soil. These vegetation characteristics and soil environment were more conducive to overall positive community succession, indicating that the planting once treatment is the most reasonable management pattern for restoring the ‘black beach’.
Bilateral renal fungal bezoars in a preterm infant: case report and literature review
Authors: Kittaweerat Nawaporn , Attawettayanon Worapat , Choorit Teeranop , Chalieopanyarwong Virote , Pripatnanont Choosak , Tana-anantarak Pattama , Dissaneewete Pornsak 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Renal fungal bezoars or fungal balls is a rare condition in neonates and infants, usually occurring in immunocompromised patients. Renal bezoars result from accumulations of fungal cells and renal epithelial cells. The most common manifestation is candiduria, which can cause urinary tract obstruction. The treatment of choice is prompt medical or surgical intervention, as indicated to eliminate the infection and preserve renal function. Herein we report the case of a 34-week preterm male infant who presented with feeding intolerance, fever, acute kidney injury and alteration of consciousness. His initial creatinine was 3.4 mg/dL and urine analysis showed pyuria and yeast cells. A renal ultrasound demonstrated a dilated bilateral renal pelvis and calyx with bilateral fungal bezoars. The management was intravenous fluconazole with bilateral nephrostomy tubes and later surgical removal of bilateral fungal balls.
Development of Graves’ disease during drug-free remission of juvenile dermatomyositis
Authors: Kobayashi Ichiro , Shimomura Masaki , Ueki Masahiro , Takezaki Shunichiro , Okura Yuka , Nawate Mitsuru , Yamada Masafumi , Takahashi Yutaka , Ariga Tadashi 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a Japanese boy with Graves’ disease (GD) which developed during drug-free remission of juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). He had been diagnosed with JDM at the age of 6 years by typical skin rashes, muscle weakness, elevated serum transaminase levels, and typical findings of both magnetic resonance imaging and muscle biopsy. Although anti-melanoma differentiation antigen 5 autoantibody was positive, there was no complication of interstitial lung disease. He showed good response to methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisolone in combination with weekly methotrexate (MTX) and achieved drug-free remission after 3.5 years of treatment. Nevertheless, serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) gradually elevated to 3185 U/ml despite no signs of relapse or malignancy. Hyperactivity and attention deficit was also noted. One year and 3 months after the cessation of MTX, he presented with abdominal pain, tachycardia, and apparent goitre. Laboratory tests showed elevated free triiodothyronine, undetectable thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and positive anti-TSH receptor antibodies. 99mTc scintigraphy showed high levels of thyroid uptake. He was diagnosed with GD and treated with 15 mg/day of thiamazole. Although transient drug eruption was observed, his thyroid functions are currently well-controlled on 5 mg/day of thiamazole. In conclusion, to our knowledge, this is the first report in English literature describing complication of GD with JDM. Unexpected elevation of sIL-2R could be a clue to the diagnosis of GD during the follow-up of JDM.
The G protein database, GproteinDb
Authors: Pándy-Szekeres Gáspár , Esguerra Mauricio , Hauser Alexander S , Caroli Jimmy , Munk Christian , Pilger Steven , Keserű György M , Kooistra Albert J , Gloriam David E 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Two-thirds of signaling substances, several sensory stimuli and over one-third of drugs act via receptors coupling to G proteins. Here, we present an online platform for G protein research with reference data and tools for analysis, visualization and design of scientific studies across disciplines and areas. This platform may help translate new pharmacological, structural and genomic data into insights on G protein signaling vital for human physiology and medicine. The G protein database is accessible at https://gproteindb.org.
From vision to implementation: Building a national undergraduate paediatric curriculum
Authors: Bannister Susan L , Forbes Karen L , Moddemann Diane M , Lewis Melanie A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
There are many challenges in ensuring medical students learn paediatrics. Medical educators must develop and maintain curricula that meet learners’ needs and accreditation requirements. Paediatricians and family physicians, practicing and teaching in busy clinical environments, require Canadian-relevant curricular guidance and resources to teach and assess learners. Students struggle with curricular cohesion, clear expectations, and resources. Recognizing these challenges and acknowledging the need to address them, the Paediatric Undergraduate Program Directors of Canada (PUPDOC) created canuc-paeds, a comprehensive competency-based undergraduate curriculum that teachers and students would actually use.

Methods
Curriculum development included the following: utilization of best practices in curriculum development, an environmental scan, development of guiding principles, Delphi surveys, in-person meetings, and quality improvement. All Canadian paediatric undergraduate educator leaders and other stakeholders were invited to participate.

Results
The curriculum, based on the RCPSC CanMEDS Framework, includes 29 clinical presentations, each with key conditions, foundational knowledge objectives, and learning resources. Essential paediatric-specific physical examination and procedural skills that graduating medical students are expected to perform are identified. Objectives specific to Intrinsic Roles of Collaborator, Communicator, Professional, Leader, Health Advocate and Scholar that can be assessed in the field of paediatrics at the undergraduate level are articulated. The national curriculum has been implemented widely at Canadian medical schools. Online, open-access clinical resources have been developed and are being used world-wide.

Conclusion
This curriculum provides overarching Canadian-specific curricular guidance and resources for students and for the paediatricians and family physicians who are responsible for teaching and assessing undergraduate learners.
A survey to understand the feelings towards and impact of COVID-19 on the households of juvenile dermato myositis patients from a parent or carer perspective
Authors: Wilkinson Meredyth Grace Llewellyn , Wu Wing , O’Brien Kathryn , Deakin Claire T , Wedderburn Lucy R , Livermore Polly 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of how parents and carers feel about the effects and impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown and how this impacted upon their child/young person with JDM.

Method
We approached 139 participants from the JDM Cohort Biomarker Study (JDCBS), with specific consent to approach electronically for research studies. A secure electronic questionnaire with study introduction was sent to participants for their parents and carers around the UK to complete. It consisted of 20 questions about the impact of the pandemic on their child or young person’s clinical care. Data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively.

Results
There were 76 (55%) responses to the survey. More than 50% of participants were actively being treated for their JDM at the point of survey completion as recorded by their parent or carer. More than 40% attested to disrupted treatment owing to COVID-19. The biggest impact upon clinical care was cancellation of appointments, initiating virtual appointments and extension of time between blood tests. Parents and carers expressed their own feelings of worry, concern and anxiety, but also those of their child or young person.

Conclusion
Families who have a child or young person with JDM have been affected by COVID-19. Qualitative comments highlight that it has been a very difficult time. Further investigation is required into this area and could be compared with research on the effects of COVID-19 on other patient groups with chronic disease.