bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MRFGRO: a hybrid meta-heuristic feature selection method for screening COVID-19 using deep features
Authors: Dey Arijit , Chattopadhyay Soham , Singh Pawan Kumar , Ahmadian Ali , Ferrara Massimiliano , Senu Norazak , Sarkar Ram 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCOVID-19 is a respiratory disease that causes infection in both lungs and the upper respiratory tract. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it a global pandemic because of its rapid spread across the globe. The most common way for COVID-19 diagnosis is real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) which takes a significant amount of time to get the result. Computer based medical image analysis is more beneficial for the diagnosis of such disease as it can give better results in less time. Computed Tomography (CT) scans are used to monitor lung diseases including COVID-19. In this work, a hybrid model for COVID-19 detection has developed which has two key stages. In the first stage, we have fine-tuned the parameters of the pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to extract some features from the COVID-19 affected lungs. As pre-trained CNNs, we have used two standard CNNs namely, GoogleNet and ResNet18. Then, we have proposed a hybrid meta-heuristic feature selection (FS) algorithm, named as Manta Ray Foraging based Golden Ratio Optimizer (MRFGRO) to select the most significant feature subset. The proposed model is implemented over three publicly available datasets, namely, COVID-CT dataset, SARS-COV-2 dataset, and MOSMED dataset, and attains state-of-the-art classification accuracies of 99.15%, 99.42% and 95.57% respectively. Obtained results confirm that the proposed approach is quite efficient when compared to the local texture descriptors used for COVID-19 detection from chest CT-scan images.
Ectoparasitic fungi of Myrmica ants alter the success of parasitic butterflies
Authors: Tartally András , Szabó Norbert , Somogyi Anna Ágnes , Báthori Ferenc , Haelewaters Danny , Mucsi András , Fürjes-Mikó Ágnes , Nash David R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractExploitation of organisms by multiple parasite species is common in nature, but interactions among parasites have rarely been studied.Myrmicaants are rich in parasites. Among others, the ectoparasiticRickia wasmanniifungus and the parasitic caterpillars of myrmecophilousPhengarisbutterflies often infect the sameMyrmicacolonies. In this study, we examined the effects ofR. wasmanniion the adoption, long-term development, and survival ofP. alcon. In laboratory conditions, caterpillars introduced into nests ofMyrmica scabrinodisuninfected withR. wasmanniisurvived significantly longer compared to caterpillars introduced into infected nests. In the field, joint infection was less common than expected if both parasites exploitedM. scabrinodiscolonies independently. Pre-pupal caterpillars ofP. alconwere somewhat larger in nests infected withR. wasmanniithan those found in uninfected nests. Based on these results it seems thatR. wasmanniiinfection ofM. scabrinodisaffects the survival and development ofP. alconcaterpillars, suggesting competition between these two ant parasites.
i-RheoFT: Fourier transforming sampled functions without artefacts
Authors: Smith Matthew G. , Gibson Graham M. , Tassieri Manlio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article we present a new open-access code named “i-RheoFT” that implements the analytical method first introduced in [PRE, 80, 012501 (2009)] and then enhanced in [New J Phys 14, 115032 (2012)], which allows to evaluate the Fourier transform of any generic time-dependent function that vanishes for negative times, sampled at a finite set of data points that extend over a finite range, andneed notbe equally spaced. I-RheoFT has been employed here to investigate three important experimental factors: (i) the ‘density of initial experimental points’ describing the sampled function, (ii) the interpolation function used to perform the “virtual oversampling” procedure introduced in [New J Phys 14, 115032 (2012)], and (iii) the detrimental effect of noises on the expected outcomes. We demonstrate that, at relatively high signal-to-noise ratios and density of initial experimental points, all three built-in MATLAB interpolation functions employed in this work (i.e., Spline, Makima and PCHIP) perform well in recovering the information embedded within the original sampled function; with the Spline function performing best. Whereas, by reducingeitherthe number of initial data pointsorthe signal-to-noise ratio, there exists a threshold below which all three functions perform poorly; with the worst performance given by the Spline function in both the cases and the least worst by the PCHIP function at low density of initial data points and by the Makima function at relatively low signal-to-noise ratios. We envisage that i-RheoFT will be of particular interest and use to all those studies where sampled or time-averaged functions, often defined by a discrete set of data points within a finite time-window, are exploited to gain new insights on the systems’ dynamics.
COVID-19 vaccination strategies depend on the underlying network of social interactions
Authors: Saunders Helena A. , Schwartz Jean-Marc 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSince the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, different mitigation and management strategies limiting economic and social activities have been implemented across many countries. Despite these strategies, the virus continues to spread and mutate. As a result, vaccinations are now administered to suppress the pandemic. Current COVID-19 epidemic models need to be expanded to account for the change in behaviour of new strains, such as an increased virulence and higher transmission rate. Furthermore, models need to account for an increasingly vaccinated population. We present a network model of COVID-19 transmission accounting for different immunity and vaccination scenarios. We conduct a parameter sensitivity analysis and find the average immunity length after an infection to be one of the most critical parameters that define the spread of the disease. Furthermore, we simulate different vaccination strategies and show that vaccinating highly connected individuals first is the quickest strategy for controlling the disease.
Acoustic monitoring of laser-induced phase transitions in minerals: implication for Mars exploration with SuperCam
Authors: Chide Baptiste , Beyssac Olivier , Gauthier Michel , Benzerara Karim , Estève Imène , Boulliard Jean-Claude , Maurice Sylvestre , Wiens Roger C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe SuperCam instrument suite onboard the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover uses the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique to determine the elemental composition of rocks and soils of the Mars surface. It is associated with a microphone to retrieve the physical properties of the ablated targets when listening to the laser-induced acoustic signal. In this study, we report the monitoring of laser-induced mineral phase transitions in acoustic data. Sound data recorded during the laser ablation of hematite, goethite and diamond showed a sharp increase of the acoustic signal amplitude over the first laser shots. Analyses of the laser-induced craters with Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy indicate that both hematite and goethite have been transformed into magnetite and that diamond has been transformed into amorphous-like carbon over the first laser shots. It is shown that these transitions are the root cause of the increase in acoustic signal, likely due to a change in target’s physical properties as the material is transformed. These results give insights into the influence of the target’s optical and thermal properties over the acoustic signal. But most importantly, in the context of the Mars surface exploration with SuperCam, as this behavior occurs only for specific phases, it demonstrates that the microphone data may help discriminating mineral phases whereas LIBS data only have limited capabilities.
Association of metformin use with Alzheimer’s disease in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a population-based nested case–control study
Authors: Ha Junghee , Choi Dong-Woo , Kim Kwang Joon , Cho So Yeon , Kim Hyunjeong , Kim Keun You , Koh Youngseung , Nam Chung Mo , Kim Eosu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMetformin reduces insulin resistance, which constitutes a pathophysiological connection of diabetes with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the evidence of metformin on AD development was still insufficient and conflicting. We investigated AD risk in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 DM treated with metformin. This retrospective, observational, nested case–control study included patients with newly diagnosed type 2 DM obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service DM cohort (2002–2017). Among 70,499 dementia-free DM patients, 1675 AD cases were matched to 8375 controls for age, sex, and DM onset and duration. The association between AD and metformin was analyzed by multivariable regression analyses, adjusted for comorbidities and cardiometabolic risk profile. Metformin use was associated with an increased odds of AD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.50; 95% CI 1.23–1.83). The risk of AD was higher in patients with a longer DM duration. Furthermore, AD risk was significantly high in DM patients with depression (AOR 2.05; 95% CI 1.02–4.12). Given the large number of patients with DM who are taking metformin worldwide, a double-blinded, prospective study is required to determine the long-term cognitive safety of metformin.
Inversion in the permeability evolution of deforming Westerly granite near the brittle–ductile transition
Authors: Petrini Claudio , Madonna Claudio , Gerya Taras 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFluid flow through crustal rocks is controlled by permeability. Underground fluid flow is crucial in many geotechnical endeavors, such as CO2 sequestration, geothermal energy, and oil and gas recovery. Pervasive fluid flow and pore fluid pressure control the strength of a rock and affect seismicity in tectonic and geotechnical settings. Despite its relevance, the evolution of permeability with changing temperature and during deformation remains elusive. In this study, the permeability of Westerly granite at an effective pressure of 100 MPa was measured under conditions near its brittle–ductile transition, between 650 °C and 850 °C, with a strain rate on the order of 2·10–6 s−1. To capture the evolution of permeability with increasing axial strain, the samples were continuously deformed in a Paterson gas-medium triaxial apparatus. The microstructures of the rock were studied after testing. The experiments reveal an inversion in the permeability evolution: an initial decrease in permeability due to compaction and then an increase in permeability shortly before and immediately after failure. The increase in permeability after failure, also present at high temperatures, is attributed to the creation of interconnected fluid pathways along the induced fractures. This systematic increase demonstrates the subordinate role that temperature dilatancy plays in permeability control compared to stress and its related deformation. These new experimental results thus demonstrate that permeability enhancement under brittle–ductile conditions unveils the potential for EGS exploitation in high-temperature rocks.
Use of a disposable vascular pressure device to guide balloon inflation of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: a bench study
Authors: Levis Anja , Egli Nives , Jenni Hansjoerg , Hautz Wolf E. , Daley James I. , Haenggi Matthias 
Published: December 2021

AbstractResuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) for rapid hemorrhage control is increasingly being used in trauma management. Its beneficial hemodynamic effects on unstable patients beyond temporal hemostasis has led to growing interest in its use in other patient populations, such as during cardiac arrest from nontraumatic causes. The ability to insert the catheters without fluoroscopic guidance makes the technique available in the prehospital setting. However, in addition to correct positioning, challenges include reliably achieving aortic occlusion while minimizing the risk of balloon rupture. Without fluoroscopic control, inflation of the balloon relies on estimated aortic diameters and on the disappearing pulse in the contralateral femoral artery. In the case of cardiac arrest or absent palpable pulses, balloon inflation is associated with excess risk of overinflation and adverse events (vessel damage, balloon rupture). In this bench study, we examined how the pressure in the balloon is related to the surrounding blood pressure and the balloon's contact with the vessel wall in two sets of experiments, including a pulsatile circulation model. With this data, we developed a rule of thumb to guide balloon inflation of the ER-REBOA catheter with a simple disposable pressure-reading device (COMPASS). We recommend slowly filling the balloon with saline until the measured balloon pressure is 160 mmHg, or 16 mL of saline have been used. If after 16 mL the balloon pressure is still below 160 mmHg, saline should be added in 1-mL increments, which increases the pressure target about 10 mmHg at each step, until the maximum balloon pressure is reached at 240 mmHg (= 24 mL inflation volume). A balloon pressure greater than 250 mmHg indicates overinflation. With this rule and a disposable pressure-reading device (COMPASS), ER-REBOA balloons can be safely filled in austere environments where fluoroscopy is unavailable. Pressure monitoring of the balloon allows for recognition of unintended deflation or rupture of the balloon.
SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is required for initiation of sex-dependent differentiation in mouse germline
Authors: Ito Toshiaki , Osada Atsuki , Ohta Masami , Yokota Kana , Nishiyama Akira , Niikura Yuichi , Tamura Tomohiko , Sekita Yoichi , Kimura Tohru 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSexual reproduction involves the creation of sex-dependent gametes, oocytes and sperm. In mammals, sexually dimorphic differentiation commences in the primordial germ cells (PGCs) in embryonic gonads; PGCs in ovaries and testes differentiate into meiotic primary oocytes and mitotically quiescent prospermatogonia, respectively. Here, we show that the transition from PGCs to sex-specific germ cells was abrogated in conditional knockout mice carrying a null mutation of Smarcb1 (also known as Snf5) gene, which encodes a core subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. In female mutant mice, failure to upregulate meiosis-related genes resulted in impaired meiotic entry and progression, including defects in synapsis formation and DNA double strand break repair. Mutant male mice exhibited delayed mitotic arrest and DNA hypomethylation in retrotransposons and imprinted genes, resulting from aberrant expression of genes related to growth and de novo DNA methylation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the SWI/SNF complex is required for transcriptional reprogramming in the initiation of sex-dependent differentiation of germ cells.
Thermal hazard evaluation on spontaneous combustion characteristics of nitrocellulose solution under different atmospheric conditions
Authors: Li Zhi-Ping , Jiang Jun-Cheng , Huang An-Chi , Tang Yan , Miao Chun-Feng , Zhai Juan , Huang Chung-Fu , Xing Zhi-Xiang , Shu Chi-Min 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNitrocellulose (NC) is widely used in both military and civilian fields. Because of its high chemical sensitivity and low decomposition temperature, NC is prone to spontaneous combustion. Due to the dangerous properties of NC, it is often dissolved in other organic solvents, then stored and transported in the form of a solution. Therefore, this paper took NC solutions (NC-S) with different concentrations as research objects. Under different atmospheric conditions, a series of thermal analysis experiments and different reaction kinetic methods investigated the influence of solution concentration and oxygen concentration on NC-S’s thermal stability. The variation rules of NC-S’s thermodynamic parameters with solution and oxygen concentrations were explored. On this basis, the spontaneous combustion characteristics of NC-S under actual industrial conditions were summarized to put forward the theoretical guidance for the spontaneous combustion treatment together with the safety in production, transportation, and storage.
Structural modification from centrosymmetric Rb4Hg2Ge2S8 to noncentrosymmetric (Na3Rb)Hg2Ge2S8: mixed alkali metals strategy for infrared nonlinear optical material design
Authors: Tang Chunlan , Xing Wenhao , Liang Fei , Sun Mengran , Tang Jian , Lin Zheshuai , Yao Jiyong , Chen Kaixin , Wu Jieyun , Yin Wenlong , Kang Bin 
Published: December 2021

A novel noncentrosymmetric chalcogenide (Na3Rb)Hg2Ge2S8 with mixed alkali metals was successfully synthesized and showed a strong second harmonic generation response of 1.4 × AgGaS2 at 2090 nm for infrared nonlinear optics.
Statistical Considerations for Analyzing Ecological Momentary Assessment Data
Authors: Oleson Jacob J. , Jones Michelle A. , Jorgensen Erik J. , Wu Yu-Hsiang 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
The analysis of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data can be difficult to conceptualize due to the complexity of how the data are collected. The goal of this tutorial is to provide an overview of statistical considerations for analyzing observational data arising from EMA studies.

Method:
EMA data are collected in a variety of ways, complicating the statistical analysis. We focus on fundamental statistical characteristics of the data and general purpose statistical approaches to analyzing EMA data. We implement those statistical approaches using a recent study involving EMA.

Results:
The linear or generalized linear mixed-model statistical approach can adequately capture the challenges resulting from EMA collected data if properly set up. Additionally, while sample size depends on both the number of participants and the number of survey responses per participant, having more participants is more important than the number of responses per participant.

Conclusion:
Using modern statistical methods when analyzing EMA data and adequately considering all of the statistical assumptions being used can lead to interesting and important findings when using EMA.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17155961
Finite element comparative analysis on the influence of new commercial development on subway station structure
Authors: Li Jia , Hu Yang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe newly added commercial projects can effectively connect the subway station with the original commercial ones, and their constructions and breaking holes for the station exterior wall have an impact on the adjacent station structure. The risk analysis of the renovation construction is necessary for the insurance of the station safe operation. Combined with the renovation commercial project, Finite Element methods are adopted to simulate the construction process and the influences on the adjacent station structure are evaluated. The maximum lateral displacement of the station exterior wall for two three‐dimensional models are 3.7 mm and 3.8 mm, respectively. The maximum lateral displacement and maximum vertical displacement of the station structure by two‐dimensional model are 4.1 mm and 5.2 mm, respectively, and the bending moment and shear force of the station exterior wall increase by 4%. Considering the restriction effect of the transverse wall in two three‐dimensional models, the maximum bending moment of the station exterior wall has a small difference and is smaller than that of two‐dimensional model, and the opening width of the outer wall of the station is 0.2 mm. The force between piles for two three‐dimensional models is close and the construction has little influence on the tenon joint.
„Child Life Specialist“-Interventionen in der
klinischen pädiatrischen Versorgung: Ein systematischer Review zu
Effekten auf psychische Gesundheitsparameter von Kindern und
Jugendlichen
Authors: Hummel Julia , Coenen Michaela , Voigt-Blaurock Varinka , Klein Christoph , Jung-Sievers Caroline 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Krankenhausaufenthalte können bei Kindern zu
psychischen Belastungen führen, die in der Regelversorgung
häufig nicht ausreichend adressiert werden. Ein neuer Ansatz ist es,
spezialisierte psychosoziale Fachkräfte, sog. Child Life Specialists
(CLS), in die klinische Versorgung einzubinden. CLS begleiten Kinder durch den
Klinikalltag und können Belastungen durch gezielte Interventionen
auffangen und das Wohlbefinden der PatientInnen fördern. Ziel dieser
Arbeit ist es, die Effekte von CLS-Interventionen auf Angst, Schmerz und Stress
von Kindern im klinischen Kontext zu analysieren.
Methodik Es wurde eine systematische Literatursuche in den Datenbanken
Medline, Embase und PsycINFO durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse wurden in
tabellarischer und graphischer Form dargestellt.
Ergebnisse Es wurden vier randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCTs)
eingeschlossen, die die Effekte von CLS-Interventionen bei 459 Kindern im Alter
von 0–15 Jahren untersuchten. Eine signifikante Verbesserung der
Zielkriterien wurde jeweils in mindestens einer Studie berichtet. Bei allen
Studien ist von einem mittleren bis hohen Verzerrungsrisiko auszugehen.
Schlussfolgerung In den eingeschlossenen RCTs werden positive Effekte von
CLS-Interventionen auf Ergebnisvariablen psychischer Gesundheit von Kindern im
klinischen Setting berichtet. Aufgrund der geringen Anzahl von Studien sowie
deren Heterogenität und Qualität ist weitere Forschung
notwendig.
Kann Vitamin C zu Beginn einer akuten Infektion vor schweren
Verläufen und post-viraler Fatigue schützen?
Authors: Vollbracht Claudia 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungEin Defizit an Vitamin C kann das Infektionsrisiko erhöhen. Begleitend
bei einem grippalen Infekt eingesetzt, kann Vitamin C die Symptome bei
ausreichend hoher Dosierung signifikant abmildern. Auch bei
SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen zeigen Studien, dass supportives Vitamin C positive
Wirkungen hat. Hochdosiertes intravenöses Vitamin C kann zudem Fatigue,
kognitive Störungen und Schmerzen bei Erkrankungen, die mit oxidativem
Stress einhergehen, reduzieren. Dass diese Effekte auch bei der Behandlung von
Long-COVID-Betroffenen erzielt werden könnten, scheint plausibel.