bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HbA1c combined with glycated albumin or 1,5‐anhydroglucitol improves the efficiency of diabetes screening in a Chinese population
Authors: Qian Junyi , Chen Cheng , Wang Xiaohang , Tan Yuanyuan , Yang Jiao , Yuan Yuexing , Chen Juan , Guo Haijian , Wang Bei , Sun Zilin , Wang Yao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to evaluate the ability of HbA1c combined with glycated albumin (GA) or 1,5‐anhydroglucitol (1,5‐AG) to detect diabetes in residents of Jiangsu, China.MethodsThe oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on 2184 people in Jiangsu. HbA1c, GA, 1,5‐AG and other serum biochemical parameters were measured. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to determine the optimal thresholds of HbA1c, GA and 1,5‐AG according to the Youden index.Results(1) The optimal thresholds of HbA1c, GA and 1,5‐AG for the screening of diabetes were ≥45 mmol/mol (6.3%), ≥13.0% and ≤23.0 μg/ml, respectively. (2) The sensitivities of HbA1c combined with GA and 1,5‐AG were both 85%, higher than that of HbA1c (70%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study is suitable for cases where plasma glucose is unavailable. Among the residents of Jiangsu, HbA1c combined with GA or 1,5‐AG can improve the sensitivity of diabetes screening, reduce the miss rate and save the use of OGTT. GA and 1,5‐AG are superior in individuals with mild glucose metabolism disorder. GA enhances the detection of diabetes in the nonobese, and 1,5‐AG enhances the detection in those with hyperuricaemia.
Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: A post hoc subgroup analysis of the PIONEER 1, 3, 4 and 8 trials
Authors: Araki Eiichi , Terauchi Yasuo , Watada Hirotaka , Deenadayalan Srikanth , Christiansen Erik , Horio Hiroshi , Kadowaki Takashi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsTo evaluate, through exploratory post hoc subgroup analyses, the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide versus comparators in Japanese patients enrolled in the global PIONEER 1, 3, 4 and 8 clinical trials.Materials and MethodsPatients were randomized to once‐daily oral semaglutide 3, 7 or 14 mg or comparator (placebo, sitagliptin 100 mg or liraglutide 1.8 mg). Change from baseline in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight, and proportions of patients attaining HbA1c <7.0% (53 mmol/mol) and body weight loss ≥5%, were analysed at week 26 for all Japanese patients in each trial separately using the treatment policy estimand (regardless of treatment discontinuation or rescue medication use). Adverse events (AEs) were analysed descriptively.ResultsReductions in HbA1c from baseline in Japanese patients were 1.0% to 1.2% (11.3 mmol/mol to 13.3 mmol/mol) and 1.4% to 1.7% (15.7 mmol/mol to 18.3 mmol/mol) for oral semaglutide 7 mg and 14 mg, respectively. HbA1c reductions were similar or greater than with comparators. Body weight reductions were 1.0% to 2.7% and 3.7% to 4.7% for oral semaglutide 7 mg and 14 mg, respectively, and were generally greater with oral semaglutide than comparators. As expected, the main class of AEs was gastrointestinal, and these AEs comprised most commonly mild‐to‐moderate constipation, nausea and diarrhoea.ConclusionsOral semaglutide appears efficacious and well tolerated in Japanese patients across the type 2 diabetes spectrum.
Navigating fish passage decisions during regulatory dam relicensing in Maine
Authors: Vogel Sarah , Jansujwicz Jessica 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) regulates most hydropower dams in the United States and grants operational licenses that include conditions for the conservation of sea‐run fish. FERC is the primary authority in relicensing, but the process invites input from other federal and state resource agencies. As a result, relicensing decisions often reflect trade‐offs among competing authorities, values and objectives. FERC relicensing decisions in the Kennebec and Penobscot Rivers in Maine were assessed to characterise agency engagement and identify factors that influence fish passage decisions. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of FERC project documents from 1984 to 2019 showed that conservation measures are focused almost exclusively on Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and American eel, Anguilla rostrate Leseur. Incorporation of fish passage mitigation requirements has increased coincident with increased agency engagement and the use of regulatory authority. Strong fish passage prescriptions are found at coastal projects (where sea‐run fish exist) likely resulting from both state and federal agency input. Despite wide interest in basin‐scale and interagency fish passage planning, implementation of collaborative processes has been slow, with most dams being considered and licensed individually. As a result, there are opportunities to spatially integrate the FERC process in the future and support effective stakeholder engagement.
Young Europeans in Brexit Britain: Unsettling identities
Authors: Moskal Marta , Sime Daniela 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSince the 2016 European Union referendum, young European migrants living in Britain have faced growing exposure to social exclusion and insecurities over their future. The Brexit process has not only changed their rights, but has also increased their experiences of xenophobia and discrimination. In this context, we consider it timely to focus on young EU nationals’ processes of identification and (re)constructions of their identities while they negotiate the multiple challenges posed by geopolitical transformations. The social constructionist research with young migrants shows that they increasingly experience their identities as fluid, with relationships that move between proximity and distance. Our findings from focus groups with 108 young people aged 12–18 years born in Central and Eastern European countries and case studies of 20 families support this perspective. The analysis documents young people's agency and efforts to negotiate identity as a process of becoming in the context of change and uncertainty. To understand how young people from a migrant background navigate individual and collective identities, the article offers an explanatory framework that highlights their need for familiarity, continuity, and control over their lives, necessary to maintain a sense of home and belonging.
‘A life I can cope with’. An alternative model of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for CFS/ME
Authors: Clark Catherine , Holttum Sue 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the experience of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) aimed at better management of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME), rather than increasing activity.DesignThis was a qualitative study using grounded theory analysis.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 13 adults who had engaged in CBT at a specialist CFS/ME service in which CBT is aimed at improved management of the condition.ResultsA model was produced in which participants felt more able to cope with CFS/ME. Reduced fatigue did not seem to be a necessary precondition to managing. This has implications for CBT for CFS/ME.ConclusionsSpecialist CBT for CFS/ME may result in improved coping and reduced distress, independently of changes in fatigue.Patient or Public ContributionThe researcher met with a representative from the university's service user advisory group (SAGE), who had lived experience of CFS/ME. They commented on possible questions for the interview topic guide and provided advice on ways in which ethical issues specific to CFS/ME could be considered, for example, prevention of harm during interviews. Second, for quality assurance as part of respondent validation, a proposed draft of the grounded theory was discussed with participants.
Limited impact of warm ischemic threshold for partial nephrectomy in the robotic surgery era: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Ishiyama Yudai , Kondo Tsunenori , Tachibana Hidekazu , Yoshida Kazuhiko , Takagi Toshio , Iizuka Junpei , Tanabe Kazunari 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between extended (≥30 min) warm ischemic time and renal function in patients undergoing robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy.MethodsThis multi‐institutional study retrospectively recruited 1131 patients who underwent robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy. Patients were classified into shorter (<30 min; n = 1038) and longer (≥30 min; n = 92) groups based on the ischemic time required, and 1:2 propensity score matching was used to minimize selection bias. The perioperative outcomes, including acute kidney injury and trifecta attainment, and mid/long‐term renal function were assessed before and after matching.ResultsPatients in the longer group had tumors with a significantly larger diameter and RENAL nephrometry score. The decline in the nadir of the estimated glomerular filtration rate was significantly greater in the longer than the shorter group in the unmatched and matched cohorts (−16.2 vs −5.5%, P < 0.001; 15.5 vs −9.5%, P = 0.003, respectively). A higher incidence of acute kidney injury (9.8 vs 2.6%, P = 0.002) was observed in the longer group before matching, whereas the difference was comparable after matching. Before matching, the decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate at 6 months postoperatively was greater (−8.2 vs −5.1%, P = 0.005) and trifecta attainment was lower (50.0 vs 63.5%, P < 0.001) in the longer group. However, the differences were comparable for both the parameters between the groups in the matched cohort.ConclusionsWhile extended warm ischemia during robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy can be demanded in case of large and complex tumors, its impact on postoperative renal function is limited.
Preferencias de las mujeres en cuanto al tiempo de trabajo: cuestionando los supuestos sobre subempleo, centralidad del trabajo y conciliación entre vida laboral y personal
Authors: LAMOLLA Laura , FOLGUERA‐I‐BELLMUNT Conxita , FERNÁNDEZ‐I‐MARÍN Xavier 
Published: September 2021

ResumenSe examinan las preferencias en cuanto al tiempo de trabajo de mujeres que trabajan en las manufacturas 20 horas semanales, en diferentes horarios estables, sobre la base de una investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa para identificar perfiles en función de dichas preferencias, y las razones de las mismas. Las conclusiones matizan investigaciones precedentes al poner de relieve que: 1) no todas estas empleadas pueden considerarse subempleadas; 2) trabajar 20 horas semanales no equivale a una baja centralidad del trabajo y es compatible con que las horas de trabajo se experimenten como significativas, y 3) algunas trabajadoras a tiempo parcial quieren conservar tiempo para actividades no domésticas y no laborales a pesar de ganar un salario bajo.
Comparative assessment of reported symptoms of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and human metapneumovirus infection during hospitalization and post‐discharge assessed by Respiratory Intensity and Impact Questionnaire
Authors: Falsey Ann R. , Walsh Edward E. , Osborne Richard H. , Vandendijck Yannick , Ren Xiaohui , Witek James , Kang Diye , Chan Eric , Scott Jane , Ispas Gabriela 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe hospitalized acute respiratory tract infection (HARTI) study used the Respiratory Intensity and Impact Questionnaire (RiiQ™) Symptom Scale, derived from FluiiQ™, to assess and compare the burden of respiratory infection symptoms for patients with influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection, with or without core risk factors (CRF) (age ≥65; chronic heart, renal, obstructive pulmonary disease; asthma).MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study in adult patients hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection (40 centers, 12 countries) during two consecutive influenza/RSV/hMPV seasons (2017–2019). The RiiQ™ Symptom Scale and EuroQol 5‐Dimensions 5‐Levels (EQ‐5D‐5L) were assessed by interview at two timepoints during hospitalization and at 1, 2, and 3 months post‐discharge.ResultsMean lower respiratory tract (LRT) symptom scores were higher for RSV and hMPV participants compared to influenza at 48 h after enrollment/early discharge (p = 0.001) and 3 months post‐discharge (p = 0.007). This was driven by LRT symptoms, including shortness of breath (SOB) (p < 0.01) and wheezing (p < 0.01) during hospitalization, and SOB (p < 0.05) and cough (p < 0.05) post‐discharge. Participants with CRF reported more moderate‐to‐severe SOB (p < 0.05) and wheezing (p < 0.05) compared to CRF(−) participants post‐discharge. EQ‐5D‐5L scores were moderately associated with RiiQ™ LRT and systemic symptoms domains.ConclusionsResults from the HARTI study suggest that in the study population, LRT symptoms were more severe for RSV and hMPV groups and for patients with CRF. RiiQ™ Symptom Scale scores shows a moderate association with EQ‐5D‐5L indicating that the RiiQ™ may provide useful insights and offer advantages over other measures for use in interventional RSV adult clinical studies.
Mathematical models for the minimization of open stacks problem
Authors: Martin Mateus , Yanasse Horacio Hideki , Pinto Maria José 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we address the minimization of open stacks problem (MOSP). This problem often appears during production planning of manufacturing industries, such as in the cutting of objects to comply with space constraints around the cutting machine in the glass, furniture, and metallurgical industries. During the processing of the cutting patterns, all the copies of a demanded item are stored in a stack usually placed near the cutting machine. One stack for each type of demanded item, that is, different items do not share the same stack. In this sense, the MOSP consists of finding an optimal sequence of a given set of cutting patterns, while minimizing the maximum number of simultaneously open stacks. To effectively model and solve the problem, we present a novel integer linear programming (ILP) formulation based on a graph representation of the problem. We derive an ILP formulation from the modeling approach of Faggioli and Bentivoglio for the MOSP. Then we develop a simple constraint programming model based on interval variables and renewable resources. We performed computational experiments to evaluate the proposed approaches in comparison with other ILP formulations from the literature. Using a general‐purpose solver, the proposed approaches perform well in terms of solution quality and computational time in comparison to the benchmark models for small and moderate‐sized problem instances.
An injectable metal nanoparticle containing cellulose derivative‐based hydrogels: Evaluation of antibacterial and in vitro‐vivo wound healing activity in children with burn injuries
Authors: Qiu Yuming , Sun Xiuxiang , Lin Xiaoli , Yi Wenying , Jiang Jianye 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe preparation of hydrogels for wound healing properties with high antibacterial activities and good biosafety concurrently can be relatively challenging. For addressing these issues, we report on the synthesis and characterisation of a nanocomposite hydrogel dressing by introducing the silver nanoparticles in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose‐hydroxyapatite scaffold hydrogel (HMC‐HA/AgNPs). The different concentrations of AgNPs in HMC‐HA/AgNPs hydrogels were confirmed by swelling ratio, degradation, and gelatin time. The synthesised HMC‐HA/AgNPs hydrogels were further characterised using the UV‐visible, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, and X‐ray diffraction. The results showed that the novel HMC‐HA/AgNPs hydrogel exhibited a porous 3D network and high mechanical properties because of the inter‐molecular and intra‐molecular interactions. The AgNPs give the HMC‐HA hydrogels excellent antibacterial activities against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, without any chemical reductant and cross‐linking agent required endows the hydrogel high biocompatibility. More importantly, HMC‐HA/AgNPs effectively repaired wound defects in mice models, and wound healing reached 94.5 ± 1.4% within 16 days. The HMC‐HA hydrogel with AgNPs showed excellent antimicrobial activity and burn wound healing. Therefore, these HMC‐HA/AgNPs hydrogels have great potential as an injectable hydrogel for wound healing activity in children with burn injuries.
Pyroligneous acid and antibacterial activity: criticism of a paper by Araújo et al. (2018)
Authors: Medeiros Lúcio C. D. , Gasparotto Luiz H. S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aims
A paper by Araújo et al. (2018) claims that a variety of compounds present in pyroligneous acid (guaiacol, phenols and furfural) are responsible for the observed antimicrobial activity. We show, on the other hand, that the low pH due to acetic acid present in pyroligneous acid is the real cause of the activity.

Methods and Results
Pyroligneous acid (PA) was synthesized according to a previous method (Medeiros et al. 2019) with its inhibition activity tested on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus via the agar diffusion method. The activity of acetic acid at different concentrations was also evaluated for comparison. As expected, crude PA (pH 3.0) and acetic acid produced inhibition halos whose diameters varied according to their employed concentration. However, any PA inhibitory activity completely vanished upon neutralization (pH 7.0), a behaviour also observed for neutralized acetic acid.

Conclusions
The claim that guaiacol, phenols and furfural are responsible for any inhibitory activity is unsubstantiated. The authors should have neutralized the pyroligneous acid if any activity was to be discovered.

Significance and Impact of Study
To increase awareness that interfering species may play a detrimental role on the interpretation of results. In this case, the action of acetic acid is vastly more important for the inhibitory activity than any other compound present in PA.
Getting credit for proactivity? The effects of gender
Authors: Hernandez Bark Alina S. , Seliverstova Kseniya , Ohly Sandra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWith our research, we contribute to the research on proactive work behavior in two ways. First, we examine a person's gender as a boundary condition for proactive behavior at work. Based on social role theory, we argue that women are less likely to receive credit for showing personal initiative (PI) than men. Second, we examine agency and communion as underlying mechanisms that translate PI into a person's evaluation and drive backlash effects. The hypotheses were tested in two complementary experimental studies (Study 1; N = 114, Study 2: N = 163) using simulated job interviews. Our results show that PI relates to better evaluations (likeability, perceived competence, performance evaluations, expected success and hireability) of the job applicant and that these effects are mediated by agency and communion. Further, we find backlash effects for women high in agency and men high in communion on likeability (Study 2). The implications of these results for organizations and future research are discussed.
New insights into cell–cell communications during seed development in flowering plants
Authors: Wang Wei , Xiong Hanxian , Sun Kaiting , Zhang Bo , Sun Meng‐Xiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe evolution of seeds is a major reason why flowering plants are a dominant life form on Earth. The developing seed is composed of two fertilization products, the embryo and endosperm, which are surrounded by a maternally derived seed coat. Accumulating evidence indicates that efficient communication among all three seed components is required to ensure coordinated seed development. Cell communication within plant seeds has drawn much attention in recent years. In this study, we review current knowledge of cross‐talk among the endosperm, embryo, and seed coat during seed development, and highlight recent advances in this field.
Bone mineral density and fractures in institutionalised children with epilepsy and intellectual disability
Authors: Berkvens J. J. L. , Mergler S. , Beerhorst K. , Verschuure P. , Tan I. Y. , Majoie H. J. M. , van den Bergh J. P. W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term use of antiseizure drugs is associated with a low bone mineral density (BMD) and an increased fracture risk. The literature regarding institutionalised children on chronic antiseizure drugs is limited. Therefore, the aim of this cross‐sectional study is to evaluate the prevalence of low BMD and the history of fractures in institutionalised children with epilepsy and intellectual disability (ID).MethodsA dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry of lumbar spine (L1–L4) and hip was performed in 24 children, residing in a long‐stay care facility in the Netherlands. Additionally, serum concentrations of albumin, calcium and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D were determined. Data on fractures were retrospectively extracted from the medical files.ResultsAges of the children (14 male and 10 female) ranged from 5 to 17 years with a mean age of 13.0 (±3.2). The criteria of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) were used for classification of bone mineral disorders. Eight (33.3%) children had a normal BMD (Z‐score > − 2.0). Of the 16 children with a low BMD (Z‐score ≤ − 2.0), three were diagnosed as osteoporotic, based on their fracture history. Ten children (41.7%) were reported to have at least one fracture in their medical history. Serum concentrations of albumin‐corrected calcium (2.28–2.50 mmol/L) and (supplemented) vitamin D (16–137 nmol/L) were within the normal range.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that 67% of institutionalised children with epilepsy and ID had low BMD and 42% had a history of at least one fracture, despite supplementation of calcium and vitamin D in accordance with the Dutch guidelines.
Autonomy as a third mode of ordering: Agriculture and the Kurdish movement in Rojava and North and East Syria
Authors: Jongerden Joost 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhile the fight of the Kurdish movement against Islamic State (IS) received much coverage, almost no attention was or has been given to the reconstruction efforts of Rojava after its liberation from the Ba′ath regime and the defeat of the caliphate, let alone the political principles underlying the reconstruction of the agrarian economy. This contribution discusses the agricultural policy in Rojava from the perspective of autonomy. It focuses on the ways in which autonomy as a mode of ordering interrupts the ordering by state and capital. Moreover, the article will show how this third mode of ordering, autonomy, produces alternatives for a political economy in Syria in which the state's organization of production and markets had become vehicles of de‐development and dispossession, demographic engineering, and cultural homogenization.