bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It’s How We Practice That Matters: Professional Identity Formation and Legitimate Peripheral Participation in Medical Students: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Orsmond Paul , McMillan Helen , Zvauya Remigio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe process of Legitimate Peripheral Participation (LPP) within a community of practice framework (CoP) was used to explore graduate entry medical students’ professional identity formation (PIF) during their first year of study. A conceptual model has been developed that can be used by medical educators to better understand PIF and to aid the explicit incorporation of PIF activity within the undergraduate curriculum. MethodsTen students from one UK medical school participated in the longitudinal study and were interviewed at three points during the first year. Semi-structured group interviews were used to explore students’ experience of the clinical environment and the nature of their interactions with both clinicians and patients in a community-based medicine practice. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used to identify overarching themes which are represented as facets in the model of PIF. ResultsResults demonstrate that students are legitimately peripherally participating within both medical student CoPs and wider medical CoPs. Themes identified within the narratives have allowed the development of a new model to understand PIF within the context of LPP in a CoP. This has five facets: Awareness, Collaboration, Negotiation, Evaluation and Realisation. Sophisticated reflection-in-action is shown to be an important aspect of PIF and enables a more conscious understanding of the change that is occurring in our students. ConclusionPIF is a complex, non-linear process that is supported by reflection-in-action and early student introduction to clinical practice. It can be recognised in students’ narratives in their changing use of language, their understanding of the medical COP, and their evolving relational participation with those around them. This study adds to those that have previously explored PIF. The model of PIF developed in this study illustrates how experiences in the clinical environment support PIF. Medical educators may find this model helpful when considering how PIF can be explicitly encouraged in the medical curriculum and how reflection may be used for the purpose of identity change.
Air Pollutants Reduce The Physical Activity Of Professional Soccer Players.
Authors: Zacharko Michał , Cichowicz Robert , Andrzejewski Marcin , Chmura Paweł , Kowalczuk Edward , Chmura Jan , Konefał Marek 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the impact of air quality – analyzed on the basis of the model of integrating three types of air pollutants (ozone – O3, particulate matter - PM, nitrogen dioxide – NO2) – on the physical activity of soccer players. Study material consisted of 8927 individual match observations of 461 players competing in the German Bundesliga during the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 domestic seasons. The measured indices included players’ physical activities: total distance (TD) and high intensity effort (HIE). Statistical analysis showed that with increasing levels of air pollution, both TD (F = 13.900(3); p = 0.001) and HIE (F = 8.060(3); p = 0.001) decrease significantly. The worsening of just one parameter of air pollution results in a significant reduction in performance. This is important information as air pollution is currently a considerable problem for many countries. Improving air quality during training sessions and sports competitions will result in better well-being and sporting performance of athletes, and will also help protect athletes from negative health effects caused by air pollution.
Pacific Decadal Oscillation Causes Fewer
Near-Equatorial Cyclones in North Indian Ocean
Authors: Roose Shinto , Ravindran Ajayamohan , Ray Pallav , Xie Shang-Ping , Sabeerali Cherumadanakadan Thelliyil , Mohapatra M , Taraphdar Sourav , Mohanakumar Kesavapillai , Rajeevan M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Tropical cyclones do not form easily near the equator but can intensify rapidly, leaving little time for preparation. We investigated the number of near-equatorial (originating between 5°N and 11°N) tropical cyclones over the north Indian Ocean during post-monsoon seasons (October to December) over the past 60 years. A marked 43% decline in the number of such cyclones was detected in recent decades (1981-2010) compared to earlier (1951-1980). This decline in tropical cyclone frequency is primarily due to the weakened low-level vorticity modulated by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). In the presence of basin-wide warming at low latitudes, and a favorable phase of the PDO, both the intensity and frequency of such cyclones is expected to increase. Such dramatic and unique changes in tropical cyclonic activity due to the interplay between natural variability and climate change call for appropriate planning and mitigation strategies.
Identification of the Combining Ability of Grain Yield and Its Components in Hybrid Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Populations Based on Top Cross Analysis
Authors: Akhmedova Gulmira , Tokhetova Laura , Serikbai Umirzakov , Demesinova Ainur , Tautenov Ibadulla , Bekzhanov Serik , Omarov Kali , Shayanbekova Bakhytzhan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The top cross method for assessing combining ability more economical and less laborious compared to diallel analysis, and also allows the breeder to obtain quite valuable information about the inbred material. In this research, the determination of the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) hybrids in two regions of Kazakhstan contrasting in soil and climatic conditions, the role of additive and non-additive genes in the determination of the traits under study has been revealed. It is concluded that the predominance of additive gene interactions in the control of the traits understudying the conditions of the Aral Sea region indicates the possibility of effective selection already in the F2 generation, and in the piedmont zone of the Almaty region, due to the high determination of these traits by dominant genes, it is necessary to differentiate the populations of hybrids, starting from the first generation and further selection shall be carried out in several cycles until the achievement of homozygosity of loci carrying dominant genes. Consequently, the genetic contribution of the additive and non-additive effects of genes to the determination and inheritance of the studied traits significantly depends on the conditions of growing the genotypes of spring barley. Of greatest practical interest are the varieties Rihane, WI2291/Roho/WI2269 from the International Center ICARDA and the variety-tester Odessa 100 (Odessa Selection and Genetic Institute, Ukraine) with high GCA and SCA effects, little dependent on growing conditions, which are recommended to be used as reliable donors in breeding programs.
Effect of Intensive Training on Stroke Prevention and Management Ability of Community Doctors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhong Xuemin , Huang Yao , He Lanying , Wang Jian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Prevention and treatment of stroke are very important to reduce the incidence of stroke-related disability and the associated death. This study aimed to investigate the current ability of community doctors in stroke management in the Jinjiang district of Chengdu, China, and the effect of intensive training on stroke prevention and management ability of these doctors.Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the current status of stroke management by community doctors in the Jinjiang district. Subsequently, a series of intensive stroke management training courses for community doctors was designed according to the relevant guidelines for cerebrovascular accident prevention and treatment in China. All community doctors were trained, and their ability to treat and prevent stroke was reassessed using the self-designed questionnaire.Results: Of the 450 questionnaires issued, 370 (74%) and 389 (77.8%) community doctors were enrolled before and after intensive training, respectively. The results showed that the stroke management ability of community doctors improved after intensive training (p < 0.05), including pre-hospital identification and management of stroke, and management of its risk factors.Conclusions: The stroke management ability of community doctors in the Jinjiang district of Chengdu can be improved by promoting intensive training.
On the Sustainability Performance of the European Union’s Economic Recovery Strategy – A Case Study with Lessons for Policymakers
Authors: Zachariadis Theodoros 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The European Union pursues an economic recovery strategy with explicit environmental considerations but less clear alignment with broader sustainable development objectives. Using as a case study one national Recovery Plan that was published in May 2021, we perform a rapid but detailed sustainability assessment of its measures. At times when policymakers need immediate advice, this framework helps identify weaknesses and guide the inclusion of sustainability-oriented policies in national budgets.
Novel P/Si Based Nanoparticles for Durable Flame Retardant Application on Cotton
Authors: Li Na , Chen Panpan , Liu Dongni , Kang Gaowei , Liu Liu , Xu Liyun , Yu Jianyong , Li Faxue , Wu Dequn 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cotton fibers as original materials of cotton fabrics have a widely application due to its perfect hygroscopicity, air permeability and largest annual output. However, cotton materials have potential safety hazard during its application because of flammability (limiting oxygen index is about 18%). In order to improve the flame retardancy of cotton fibers and reduce the damage of its mechanical properties, novel P/Si based flame retardant (PFR) nanoparticles were synthesized by one-step radical polymerization. Vinyl phosphoric acid and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane were introduced into the nanoparticles. The structure, morphology and thermal stability of PFR was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric analysis test (TGA). Durable flame retardant cotton fibers were prepared by dip-coating and plasma induced crosslinking methods. Micro-calorimeter (MCC) characterization showed that the peak of heat release rate (pHRR) and the total heat release were reduced by 47.3% and 29.8% for modified cotton fibers compared with pure cotton fibers. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) of modified cotton fibers was increased to 27%. The residue carbon of modified cotton fibers was 19.0% at 700 o C, while the value of pure cotton fibers was 3.0%. Besides, durability of the modified cotton fibers was approved by cyclic washing test. In addition, flame retardant mechanism was revealed by collecting and analyzing condensed and gaseous pyrolysis products. The data of FE-SEM for residue carbon, FT-IR spectra of products at different pyrolysis temperatures and pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) showed that PFR was a synergistic flame retardant contained barrier and quenching effecting applied on cotton materials.
The Dynamics of Carbon on Green Energy Equity Investment: Utilizing the Quantile-on-Quantile and Quantile Coherency Approach
Authors: Mo Bin , Li Zhenghui , meng juan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
we analyze the dynamic correlation between the carbon price and the stock returns of green energy companies and calculate the hedging effect of the carbon price on stock returns in green energy sectors. The results show that the coefficients of the carbon price change with time and are vulnerable to extreme events like the COVID-19. The quantile-on-quantile (QQ) model results reveal a dynamic effect from the carbon price to the stock returns of green energy sectors. The quantile coherency (QC) approach results show that investors can benefit more in the short term with high-frequency trading to hedge between carbon trading and the green energy stock market. What’s more, the hedging effects are heterogenetic and investors should adjust their hedging strategies in different quantiles.
The Art of Counselling in the Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer: Explorative Investigation Among Perceptions of Health Professionals in Southern Italy.
Authors: Addeo Raffaele , Bocchetti Marco , Perri Francesco , Salvato Angela , Bocchino Ida , Luce Amalia , Caraglia Michele 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background. Recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) patients show a poor prognosis, which has not changed significantly for 30 years. Preserve the quality of life represent a primary aim for this subset of patients.Methods. A group of 19 nineteen physicians, working in South of Italy, and daily involved in H&N cancer care took an online anonymous survey aiming to disclose the knowledge level and communication techniques application in the daily patients care. Results. Several specialists consider that patient involvement in therapeutic choices is mandatory. The main obstacles for a complete and reciprocate communication still consist in the lack of time and staff but also in the need for greater organization, which goes beyond the multidisciplinary strategy already used. Conclusions. A greater impulse to training and updating on issues related to counselling my improve communication between the different clinicians involved in the treatment plan.
Chinese Aid Guyana Medical Team Member HAMA Under the COVID-19 Epidemic Correlation Study with TCSQ
Authors: Zhengxi Jin , Xiangxin Zhang , Zhiming Qiao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
[Purpose]: To understand the mental health level (HAMA) and trait coping style (TCSQ) of the Chinese aid Guyana medical team members (CAGMTM) under the new coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, in order to take effective measures to improve the CAGMTM Mental health provides a theoretical basis. [Method]: From October 2020 to March 2021, the team members have worked and lived in Guyana for 6 months. The mental health level (Hamilton Anxiety Scale, HAMA) and trait coping styles were investigated for 16 team members who aided Guyana. [Results]: The HAMA score of the CAGMTM was (14.75±5.12); 14 doctors had a score of (15.57+6.01); 2 chefs had a score of (17.5+7.78). The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that among the CAGMTM. Whether there are team members in isolation (t=3.383, p<0.05), and whether any medical staff in the hospital where the CAGMTM are located have tested positive for COVID-19 (t=-2.831, p<0.05) are important factors affecting the mental health of the team members during the epidemic. factor. The score of active coping in the coping style is (29.38±6.28) points, which is lower than the Chinese conventional model (t=-0.392, p<0.05); the negative coping score is (30.37±5.05) points, which is higher than the Chinese conventional model (t=4.908) , p<0.05); the HAMA score of the CAGMTM in the COVID-19 epidemic was negatively correlated with the positive response in TCSQ (r=-0.654, p<0.05); the HAMA score was positively correlated with the negative response in TCSQ (r=0.654) ,p<0.05). [Conclusion]: The mental health level of the CAGMTM under the COVID-19 epidemic is closely related to their idiosyncratic coping styles. For foreign aid medical team members working in countries with severe epidemics, attention should be paid to the mental health of foreign aid medical team members, timely intervention should be given, and psychological counseling should be carried out regularly, so that the aid team members can work and live better.
Low-Dose Cold Atmospheric Plasma Promoting Schwann Cells Proliferation By Activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Ge Bibo , Bao Jie , Chen Jinwu , Xu Xinzhong , Jing Juehua , Song Wencheng , Xu Chungui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is an emerging technology that has attracted the attention of many researchers in many fields and disciplines. In this study, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma device was used to treat Schwann cells (SCs) cultured in vitro, and the effect of CAP on SCs proliferation was evaluated by cell morphology, cell viability, cell cycle and expression of related proteins in SCs. The results showed that the production of intracellular ROS and RNS increased with the increase of CAP treatment time. Compared with the control group, the proliferation of SCs treated with CAP for less than 14 s significantly increased, and and then gradually decreased. Besides, the cell cycle results also showed that more cells were in the S+G2/M phase at this time.The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was activated by low-dose CAP, and the expression of cyclinD1 was consistent with the trend of cell proliferation. In addition, n-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) preconditioning significantly prevented CAP-induced cellular changes. In conclusion, low-dose CAP-induced of SCs proliferation was closely related to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. This study provides a new idea for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury.
Copper Sulfate Drowning: A Case Report
Authors: zhu xiuqi , Wang Shengchao , Zheng honjuan , Ji Xuqing , Li Ji , He Jingmei , Zhu Li , Xu Xiao , Chen Kun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cases of copper sulfate poisoning are rarely reported with a higher mortality rate. Herein, we reported a middle-aged man who had a copper sulfate drowning accident at work, resulting in airway damage, respiratory failure, intravascular hemolysis, hemolytic anemia, impaired liver function, and skin and conjunctival damage. After the rapid and effective treatments, including plasma exchange, irrigation under tracheoscopy, blood transfusion, liver and kidney protection and chelation therapy, the patient finally recovered and was discharged from hospital.
The Expression and Clinical Significance of Programmed Cell Death Receptor 1 and Its Ligand in Tumor Tissues of Patients with Extranodal Nasal NK/T Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Feng Yu , Feng Xia , Jing Caixia , Yu Xinmei , Xu Caigang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Appropriate biomarkers may help distinguish the biological behavior of different types of lymphoma and their response to traditional chemotherapy. Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL) belong to different subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the biological behavior and prognosis of them are very different, programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) have been investigated in these two types of diseases. However, few studies addressed the difference of PD-1/PD-L1 levels between ENKTL and DLBCL, in order to find out the difference and related clinical application value, the clinical data and tumor tissue paraffin sections of 24 newly diagnosed ENKTL patients and 42 newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were collected. PD-1/PD-L1 levels in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between the PD-1/PD-L1 levels and clinical data of patients with ENKTL patients was analyzed. Both patient groups showed PD-1 level in tumor tissue of ENKTL patients was significantly lower than that of DLBCL patients (P < 0.05), while the PD-L1 level in tumor tissues of ENKTL patients was not different from DLBCL (P < 0.05). In addition, the ENKTL patients with B symptoms, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and decreased hemoglobin (HGB) concentrations had lower level of PD-1 in tumor tissue. PD-L1 level in tumor tissues, the LDH level, Epstein-Barr genome (EBV-DNA) copy and Ki-67 index may affect the efficacy of ENKTL patients (P < 0.05), but they were not independent factors. PD-L1 levels in tumor tissues has clinical significance in ENKTL patients, which suggested that the PD-1/PD-L1 signal pathway may be involved in the immune escape of ENKTL and play different roles in different lymphoma subtypes.
Arterial Lactate Concentration At The End of Liver Transplantation is Independently Associated with One-Year Mortality
Authors: Coeckelenbergh Sean , Drouard Leonard , Ickx Brigitte , Lucidi Valerio , Germanova Dessy , Desebbe Olivier , Moussa Maya , Naili Salima , Vibert Eric , Samuel Didier , Duranteau Jacques , Vincent Jean-Louis , Rinehart Joseph , Linden Philippe Van der , Joosten Alexandre 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUNDLiver transplant patients who develop hyperlactatemia are at increased risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality, but there are few data on longer-term outcomes. We therefore investigated whether arterial lactate concentration obtained immediately after surgery, at the time of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), was associated with 1-year mortality. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, all patients who underwent liver transplant surgery between September 2013 and December 2019 were screened for inclusion. Patients who underwent combined transplantation surgery and those with a history of previous liver transplantation (i.e., redo surgery) were not included. Logistic regression modeling included univariate and multivariate analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and areas under the curves (AUROCs) were calculated. Lactate thresholds and association with outcome were analyzed for specificity, sensitivity, and Youden’s index.RESULTS: Of 226 patients included, 18.4% died within 1-year of liver transplantation. Immediate postoperative lactate concentration was independently associated with 1-year mortality with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.35 (95% CI: 1.16 to 1.59; p<0.001) per mEq/L increase in lactate and an AUROC of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.72 to 0.87; p<0.001). A lactate concentration of 2.25 mEq/L (cut-off determined using Youden’s index) was associated with increased 1-year mortality with a sensitivity of 0.71 and a specificity of 0.72. CONCLUSION: Increased arterial lactate concentration on admission to the ICU immediately after orthotopic liver transplantation is independently associated with increased 1-year mortality.Trial Registration: Not Applicable
Genetic mechanisms underlying East Asian and European Facial differentiation
Authors: Wang Sijia , Zhang Manfei , Wu Sijie , Du Siyuan , Qian Wei , Chen Jieyi , Qiao Lu , Yang Yajun , Tan Jingze , Navarro Nicolas , Tang Kun , Ruiz-Linares Andres , Claes Peter , Jin Li , Li Jiarui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Facial morphology, the most conspicuous feature of human appearance, is highly heritable. Previous studies on the genetic basis of facial morphology were mainly performed in European populations. Applying a proven data-driven phenotyping and multivariate genome-wide scanning protocol to the largest collection of 3D facial images of an East Asian population to date, we identified 244 leading variants associated with normal-range facial variation, of which 130 are novel. A newly proposed polygenic shape analysis indicates that the effects of the variants on East Asian facial shape can be generalized into the European population. Based on this analysis, we further identified 13 variants mainly related to differences between European and East Asian facial shape. Natural selection analyses suggest that the difference in European and East Asian nose shape is caused by a directional selection, mainly due to a local adaptation in Europeans. Our results expand the knowledge of human facial genetics and illustrates for the first time the underlying genetic basis for facial differences across populations.