bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards Safer and More Sustainable Systems for Monitoring Exophagic Vectors of Malaria in Western Kenya
Authors: Abong'o Bernard Onyango , Gimnig John E. , Longman Bradley , Odongo Tobias , Wekesa Celestine , Webwile Amos , Oloo Benjamin , Nduta Mercy , Muchoki Margaret , Omoke Diana , Wacira Daniel , Ngaruro Charity , Ochomo Eric , Munga Stephen , Donnelly Martin J. , Oxborough Richard M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction. Longitudinal monitoring of outdoor-biting malaria vector populations is becoming increasingly important in understanding the dynamics of residual malaria transmission. However, the human landing catch (HLC), the gold standard for measuring human biting rates indoors and outdoors, is costly and raises ethical concerns related to increased risk of infective bites among collectors. Consequently, routine data on outdoor-feeding mosquito populations are usually limited due to the lack of a scalable tool with similar sensitivity to outdoor HLC. Methodology. The Anopheles trapping sensitivity of four baited proxy outdoor trapping methods—Furvela tent trap (FTT), host decoy trap (HDT), mosquito electrocuting traps (MET) and outdoor CDC light traps (OLT)—was assessed relative to HLC in a 5x5 replicated Latin square conducted over 25 nights in two villages of western Kenya. Indoor CDC light trap (ILT) was run in one house in each of the compounds with outdoor traps, while additional non-Latin square indoor and outdoor HLC collections were performed in one of the study villages. Results. The MET, FTT, HDT and OLT sampled approximately 4.67, 7.58, 5.69 and 1.98 times more An. arabiensis compared to HLC, respectively, in Kakola Ombaka. Only FTT was more sensitive relative to HLC in sampling of An. funestus in Kakola Ombaka (RR=5.59, 95%CI: 2.49-12.55, P < 0.001) and Masogo (RR=4.38, 95%CI: 1.62-11.80, P = 0.004) and in sampling An. arabiensis in Masogo (RR=5.37, 95%CI: 2.17-13.24, P < 0.001). OLT sampled significantly higher numbers of An. coustani in Kakola Ombaka (RR=3.03, 95%CI: 1.65-5.56, P < 0.001) and Masogo (RR=2.88, 95%CI: 1.15-7.22, P=0.02) compared to HLC. OLT, HLC and MET sampled mostly An. coustani, FTT had similar proportions of An. funestus and An. arabiensis, while HDT sampled predominantly An. arabiensis in both villages. FTT showed close correlation with ILT in vector abundance for all three species at both collection sites. Conclusion. FTT and OLT are simple, easily scalable traps and are potential replacements for HLC in outdoor sampling of Anopheles mosquitoes. However, the FTT closely mirrored indoor CDC light trap in mosquito indices and therefore may be more of an indoor mimic than a true outdoor collection tool. HDT and MET show potential for sampling outdoor host seeking mosquitoes. However, the traps as currently designed may not be feasible for large scale, longitudinal entomological monitoring. Therefore, the baited outdoor CDC light trap may be the most appropriate tool currently available for assessment of outdoor-biting and malaria transmission risk.
Social, Demographical, and Clinical Correlates of Stigma in Iranian Breast Cancer Women
Authors: Zamanian Hadi , Amini-Tehrani Mohammadali , Daryaafzoon Mona , Jalali Zahra , Sabeghi Fatemeh , Rahimdel Sedighe , Tahmasbi Bita 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the severity of disease-related stigma felt by Iranian women with breast cancer as well as to determine the contextual correlates of stigmatization.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 223 breast cancer patients between October-2014 and May-2015, in Tehran, Iran. Eligible patients were asked to provide background data and to complete Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness 8-item (SSCI-8) questionnaire. Binomial logistic regression analysis was employed to identify stigmatized (SSCI-8 > 8) and heavily stigmatized (SSCI-8 >10) groups.Results: A total of 58.3% (n=130) stated that they were stigmatized at least “rarely.” In the multi-variable models in the total sample, living with spouse, Turkic ethnicity, family history of chronic diseases were the significant associations of stigmatization, while no variable was found to be associated with heavily stigmatization. In the sub-sample having the data of spouse’s education (n=185), living with spouse, lower spouse’s education, and family history of chronic diseases were the significant correlates of stigmatization; while, in terms of heavily stigmatization, only the lower spouse’s education was the significant indicator.Conclusions: Stigmatization tails women with breast cancer especially those living with their poorly educated husbands which call for dyadic interventions.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity and Catalytic Activities of CuO-NPs&nbsp;Synthesized by Tanacetum Parthenium Extract
Authors: Ranjbar Mojtaba , Dastani Mahsa , Khakdan Fatemeh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Development of efficient methods for treating microbial infections, cancer, and toxic organic dyes is a serious challenge in medical sciences. The purpose of this study is to synthesize CuO-NPs using T. parthenium extract and to evaluate its anticancer, antimicrobial, and catalytic activity. CuO-NPs were characterized by UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and EDX. UV-Vis spectra exhibited surface plasmonic resonance at 298 nm of synthesized CuO-NPs. The synthesized CuO-NPs were pure, predominantly spherical with mean size of 16 nm. FTIR confirmed that CuO-NPs were reducted and stabilized with the biomolecules present in the T. parthenium extract. CuO-NPs indicated excellent degradation activity for the industrial dyes, i.e., MO (96.6% removal in 400s), Rh B (98.3% removal in 400s), MB (98.7% removal in 400s) and CR (99.6% removal in 180s). CuO-NPs showed excellent inhibition against selected microorganisms, especially E.coli and C. albicans. CuO-NPs have also shown good anticancer activity against A549, Hela, and MCF7 cancer cell lines (IC50 = 65.0, 57.4, and 71.8 µg/mL, respectively) while negligible cytotoxic effects were observed on L929 (IC50 = 226.1 µg/mL). The results proposed that synthesized CuO-NPs can be considered as a suitable candidate for biomedical, pharmaceutical, and environmental applications.
Gender Difference in the Association Between Serum Uric Acid Level and Metabolic Syndrome and Components: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Among Chinese Young Adults
Authors: Fang Zhengmei , Chen Yan , Zhu Lijun , He Lianping , Jin Yuelong , Yao Yingshui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

This study aimed to investigate the associations between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and MetS components in Chinese young adults.
Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3044 young adults (1266 men and 1778 women). The anthropometric index, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose and SUA levels were measured. Male and female participants were grouped according to the quartiles of SUA level separately. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association of SUA quartiles with MetS and its components.
Results

The overall prevalence of hyperuricemia and MetS was 29.7% and 2%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that compared with the lowest 2 quartiles of SUA together, the highest quartile showed an association with the prevalence of MetS and high triglyceride in males, and OR (95% CI) were 3.438(1.090-10.841) and 4.364(2.133–8.930) respectively after adjustments confounding factors. In terms of abdominal obesity, compared with the lowest 2 quartiles of SUA together, the OR (95% CI) was 1.976(1.128–3.459) for those in the third quartile and 1.766(1.020–3.057) for those in the highest quartile after adjustments confounding factors in females.
Conclusions

This study suggested a significant positive relationship between SUA and MetS and its components among young adults. Hence, routine measurement of SUA is recommended to prevent hyperuricemia and its related complications.
FOXH1&nbsp;Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis via Regulation of Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway in Lung Cancer&nbsp;
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhang Xian , Yang Shasha , Bao Yanqiu , Xu Dongyuan , Liu Lan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Forkhead box protein H1 (FOXH1) is upregulated in a variety of cancer types but its expression patterns and specific functions in lung cancer are unclear at present. The main objective of the present study was to establish whether FOXH1 plays a role in regulation of lung cancer progression. Methods: The TCGA and Kaplan-Meier plotter dataset was analyzed for possible association between FOXH1 expressions in lung cancer tissues and patient prognosis. A549 and PC9 cells were transfected with shRNA targeting FOXH1 mRNA. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), plate clone formation, soft agar, wound healing, transwell invasion and flow cytometry assay were performed to detect the cell proliferation, migration and invasion in lung cancer cells. Tumorigenicity was examined in mouse model system. Western blot analysis was used to detect FOXH1, Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), Vimentin, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, Snail, Slug, p-GSK-3β, β-catenin and Cyclin D1. The β-catenin activity was measured by luciferase reporter system assay. Results: FOXH1 expression in the lung cancer was determined using the TCGA and Kaplan-Meier plotter databases. Higher expression of FOXH1 was observed in tumor tissue relative to normal tissue, which was associated with reduced overall survival. FOXH1 knockdown resulted in significant inhibition of the proliferation, the cell cycle, the migration as well as the invasion of lung cancer cells. Then, we confirmed that FOXH1 knockdown can significantly slow down tumor growth and tumor cell proliferation in vivo using the mouse model. It also significantly reduced the migration and invasion capabilities of lung cancer cells. Using Western blot analyses, we found that FOXH1 depletion inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lung cancer cells through downregulation of the mesenchymal cell markers Snail, Slug, MMP2, N-cadherin, and Vimentin, and upregulation of the epithelial marker E-cadherin. Moreover, FOXH1 knockdown significantly downregulated β-catenin and its downstream targets, such as p-GSK-3β and cyclin D1, and also led to direct suppression of β-catenin activity, as determined by the luciferase reporter system assay. Conclusion: In conclusion, FOXH1 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells via regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. FOXH1 is a prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer treatment.
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase As An Early Marker of Outcomes in Patients Receiving Immuno-Oncology Drugs
Authors: Azuma Takeshi , Takeuchi Takumi , Matayoshi Yukihide , Namiki Shin , Obara Tetsuya , Imamura Kazuhiro , Takamori Mikio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Immune-oncology (IO) drug therapy is effective against various types of cancer. Although several, potential, clinical, predictive markers have been identified, none so far have proven reliable. Herein we evaluated changes in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), which is upregulated by the accumulation of activated CD8 + T cells in the liver, as a potentially reliable predictive marker. We retrospectively analyzed 265 patients with advanced malignancies at three institutions between 2016 and 2019. The patients received IO drug therapy. We defined the ALT ratio (ALR) as the serum ALT value at baseline / the highest serum ALT during IO drug therapy, then determined whether the ALR correlated with the objective response rate or progression-free survival. The median follow-up was 3.1 months. We observed objective responses in 65 patients. The ALR ranged from 0.19 to 32.2 (median 1.5), and a significant ALR increase was observed in responders (p < 0.001). In receiver operating characteristic analysis, ALR = 1.55 had the highest sensitivity and specificity. The patients with ALR < 1.55 had a significantly poorer PFS than those with ALR ≥ 1.55. A high ALR was associated with a tumor response and good PFS in patients with advanced malignancies. The ALR is a reliable predictive marker based on activated cytotoxic T lymphocyte dynamics.
Postoperative Outcomes of Subaxial Cervical Spine Metastasis: Comparison Among The Anterior, Posterior, and Combined Approaches
Authors: Luksanapruksa Panya , Santipas Borriwat , Rajinda Panupol , Chueaboonchai Theera , Chituaarikul Korpphong , Bovonratwet Patawut , Wilartratsami Sirichai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Incidence of subaxial spinal metastases is increasing due to longer life expectancy resulting from successful modern treatments of cancer. The three most utilized approaches for surgical treatment include the anterior, posterior, and combined approach. However, despite increasing surgical volume, data on the postoperative complication profiles of different operative approaches for this patient population is scarce.Methods: The institutional databases of two large referral centers in Thailand were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with subaxial cervical spine metastasis who underwent cervical surgery during 2005 to 2015 were identified and enrolled. Clinical presentations, baseline characteristics, operative approach, perioperative complications, and postoperative outcomes, including pain, neurological recovery, and survival, were compared among the three surgical approaches.Results: This study included 70 patients (44 anterior approach, 14 posterior approach, 12 combined approach). There were no statistically significant differences in preoperative characteristics, including Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI), Tomita score, and revised Tokuhashi score, among the three groups. There were also no significant differences among groups for medical complications, surgical complications, neurological recovery, verbal pain score improvement, survival time, or ambulatory status improvement. However, the combined approach did show a significantly higher rate of overall perioperative complications (p=0.01), intraoperative blood loss, (p<0.001), and operative time (p<0.001) compared to the other two approaches. Conclusions: The results of this study do not reveal any clear superiority among the three main surgical approaches used to treat subaxial cervical spine metastasis. Patients in the combined approach group had the highest rates of perioperative complications. However, although the differences were not statistically significant, patients in the combined group tended to have better clinical outcomes after follow-up, and the longest survival time.
Establishment and Assessment of An Amplicon Sequencing Method Targeting The 16S-ITS-23S rRNA Operon For Analysis of The Equine Gut Microbiome
Authors: Kinoshita Yuta , NIWA Hidekazu , UCHIDA-FUJII Eri , NUKADA Toshio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Microbial communities are commonly studied by using amplicon sequencing of part of the 16S rRNA gene. Sequencing of the full-length 16S rRNA gene can provide higher taxonomic resolution and accuracy. To obtain even higher taxonomic resolution, with as few false-positives as possible, we assessed a method using long amplicon sequencing targeting the rRNA operon combined with a CCMetagen pipeline. Taxonomic assignment had >90% accuracy at the species level in a mock sample and at the family level in equine fecal samples, generating similar taxonomic composition as shotgun sequencing. The rRNA operon amplicon sequencing of equine fecal samples underestimated compositional percentages of bacterial strains containing unlinked rRNA genes by a third to almost a half, but unlinked rRNA genes had a limited effect on the overall results. The rRNA operon amplicon sequencing with the A519F + U2428R primer set was able to reflect archaeal genomes, whereas full-length 16S rRNA with 27F + 1492R could not. Therefore, we conclude that amplicon sequencing targeting the rRNA operon captures more detailed variations of bacterial and archaeal microbiota.
Focal, Extranodal Primary Polymorph Hemangioendothelioma Treated With Endovascular Embolization Plus Open Surgery Resection: Rare Case Report and Review
Authors: Ramirez-Ferrer Esteban , Perez-Pinto Francisco Javier , Riveros-Castilla William Mauricio , Morales-Naranjo Samuel David , Osorio-Bohorquez Luis Alejandro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: We report the rare case of an adult with a primary extranodal polymorphous hemangioendothelioma at dorsum, treated with endovascular coiling followed by open surgery resection. Clinical history, findings of spinal arteriography, histopathological findings and combined surgical procedure are reported.Case report: A 22-year-old male patient complained of a dorsal mass that has been increasing in size, painful, soft, no mobile and without neurological symptoms. A vascular tumor was suspected and an endovascular followed by an open surgical approach was performed. Histopathological diagnosis of an extranodal polymorph hemangioendothelioma was documented and a total resection was confirmed by free-tumor resection margin. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion: Polymorph hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor. given the high vascular features of the lesion and, therefore, the high rate of bleeding during surgery.
Impact of Pre-Event Testing and Quarantine On Reducing The Risk of COVID-19 Epidemic Rebound: A Modelling Study
Authors: WONG Ngai Sze , LEE Shui Shan , MITCHELL Kate M. , Yeoh Eng-kiong , Wang Cheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND With the evolving growth of the COVID-19 epidemic, travel restriction policies would need to be adjusted accordingly. Prohibition of mass event may be relaxed for social and economic benefits when virus transmission stops but could bear the risk of epidemic rebound. Against the background of the varied SARS-CoV-2 prevalence internationally, we modelled the potential impacts of pre-event interventions on epidemic risk of holding a mass event when COVID-19 is under control. METHODS We developed a mathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Guangdong Province, China, where local virus transmission ceased to occur. A large-scale international trade fair was assumed to be held, with influx of people from overseas and rest of China over a short period of time, who participated for 2-week. Scenarios of pre-event intervention (none, quarantine arrangement and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for participants) were compared. The influence of contact pattern, SARS-CoV-2 prevalence outside the province and China, and testing coverage were examined in sensitivity analyses. RESULTS In basecase scenario (no event), the epidemic has been under control since March 2020. The event would lead to the detection of 1% more confirmed cases by 31 July when community contact rate increases to pre-epidemic level. In event scenario without additional interventions, there would be 599 (93%) more new infections comparing with basecase scenario. To avert new infections, quarantining all participants before the event would be the most effective strategy, followed by quarantining all overseas participants and testing all other participants, and testing all participants before the event and on day 7. However, testing strategy is likely to be affected by the SARS-CoV-2 prevalence outside the event province. CONCLUSIONS Pre-event interventions are effective for reducing the risk of epidemic rebound caused by an international large-scale event. Universal testing for participants is likely to be an effective and feasible intervention.
First record of genus Bionychiurus Pomorski 1996 (Collembola: Onychiuridae) from India.
Authors: Thunnisa Abu Muhsina , Sumithra Nallathambi , Narmatha Senthilkumar , Jyothi Manikkiri , Sanil Ravindranathanpillai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The new species of Bionychiurus Pomorski 1996 is described from India for the first time. The new species, Bionychiurus tamilensis sp.nov., possess a dorsal pso formula as 32/133/33343 and a ventral pso formula as 11/011/11121. The dorsal pso formula the new species shows similarilty to Bionychiurus changbaiensis, Bionychiurus normalis, and Bionychiurus oblongatus reported from China and Korea. Status of the new species was confirmed molecularly by sequencing the mitochondrial COI region. The new species is designated as Bionychiurus tamilensis sp nov. An identification key to the genus Bionychiurus is provided.
Predicting Lifestyle and Host From Positive Selection Data and Genome Properties in Oomycetes
Authors: Gómez-Pérez Daniel , Kemen Eric 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background: Host and niche shifts are a source of genomic and phenotypic diversi_cation as evidenced in parasitism. Most characteristic is core metabolism reduction as parasites adapt to a particular host, while the accessory genome often maintains a high degree of diversi_cation. However, selective pressures acting on the genome of such organisms are not fully understood. Results: Here, we developed a comparative genomic approach to study underlying adaptive trends in oomycetes, a eukaryotic phylum with a broad range of economically important plant and animal parasitic lifestyles. Our analysis reveals converging evolution on biological processes for oomycetes inhabiting similar niches. We _nd that certain functions, in particular carbohydrate metabolism, transport, and signaling, are important for host and environmental adaption in oomycetes. Discussion: Given the high correlation of lifestyle to genome properties in our oomycete dataset and the convergent evolution of fungal and oomycete genomes, we have developed a model that predicts plant pathogen lifestyles with high accuracy. Understanding how genomes and selective pressures correlate with lifestyle may be crucial to identify new emerging diseases and pandemic threats.
Fabrication and photosensitivity of ZnO/CdS/Silica nanopillars based photoresistor
Authors: Liu Jing , Xu Yuanze , Yi Futing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A kind of Zinc oxide (ZnO)/Cadmium sulfide (CdS)/Silica nanopillars structure is fabricated to photoresistor for the first time. The silica wafer with countless nanopillars is used as the substrate for photoresistor. CdS and ZnO film are deposited by frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering onto the silica nanopillars surface to form ZnO/CdS/Silica nanopillars structure. The ZnO nanowires also can grow on the CdS surface by the hydrothermal reaction to ZnO nanowires/CdS/Silica nanopillars structures. The X-ray diffraction curves show that the ZnO and CdS film both on the planar silica and nanopillar silica surface are well-crystallized. The ZnO film deposition can reduce the reflection and increase the absorption of the incoming light, especially for the light with a wavelength less than 350 nm. And the ZnO/CdS heterojunction structure can retard the recombination probability of the photon-generated carries and prolong the lifetime of the photon-generated carriers, which lending to a remarkable photocurrent improvement. The photosensitivity property testing results show that the ZnO nanowires/CdS/Silica nanopillars structure has the best photosensitivity response of 135 for the white light with 10 mW/cm2 illumination.