bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Serum IL-6 Levels with Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Physical Performance in Elderly Gymnastics Community in Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang
Authors: Erfin Muhammad , Nur Riviati  , Nova Kurniati  , Erial Bahar  , Erwin Sukandi  , Sudarto  
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Old age is related to geriatric syndrome where there are several health problems that often occur related to a decrease in body function and an increase in the inflammatory process. Decrease in muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance will cause a condition of sarcopenia and frailty syndrome in the elderly. The importance of prevention so that sarcopenia does not occur in the elderly by evaluating the factors that can cause it, one of which is controlling interleukin 6 (IL-6) as proinflammatory. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between serum IL-6 levels with muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance in the elderly gymnastics-community in Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang.
Methods. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach which was conducted at the Integrated Geriatric Clinic Internal Medicine RSMH Palembang from November 2019 to November 2020. A sample of 31 people aged > 60 years was examined for muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance and IL-levels. 6 serum. All data processing and analysis in this study used the SPSS version 25 for Windows program.
Results. of the 31 subjects, 27 were female (87.1%) and 4 male (12.9%). The mean value of muscle mass is37.9 kg/m2, muscle strength 23 kg, and physical performance 6.1 m/sec.There were 28 (90.3%) samples with elevated serum IL-6 levels, while 3 (9.7%) samples had normal levels. There was a significant negative correlation (p = 0.000) with a strong correlation strength (r = -0.722) between serum IL-6 levels and muscle mass and a significant negative correlation (p = 0.050) with a weak correlation strength (r = -0.354) between IL levels -6 serums with physical performance.
Conclusions. There was a significant negative correlation between serum IL-6 levels and muscle mass and physical performance. So, it is very important to prevent an increase in serum IL-6 levels so that the elderly do not fall into a state of sarcopenia.
Immobilization of Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase via EDTA Based Metal Chelate Complexes – Optimization and Prospects
Authors: Sánta-Bell Evelin , Kovács Norbert Krisztián , Alács Bálint , Molnár Zsófia , Hornyánszky Gábor 
Published: May 2021

Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography principles were applied for selective immobilization of recombinant polyhistidine tag fused phenylalanine ammonia-lyase from parsley (PcPAL) on porous polymeric support with aminoalkyl moieties modified with an EDTA dianhydride (EDTADa)-derived chelator and charged with transition metal ions. Out of the five investigated metal ions - Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ - the best biocatalytic activity of PcPAL was achieved when the enzyme was immobilized on the Co2+ ion-charged support (31.8 ± 1.2 U/g). To explore the features this PcPAL obtained by selective immobilization, the thermostability and reusability of this PAL biocatalyst were investigated. To maximize the activity of the immobilized PcPAL the surface functionalization of the aminoalkylated polymeric carrier was fine-tuned with using glycidol as a thinning group beside EDTADa. The maximal activity yield (YA=103 %) was earned when the EDTADa and glycidol were used in 1 to 24 ratio. The reversibility of the immobilization method allowed the development of a support regeneration protocol which enables easy reuse of the functionalized support in case of enzyme inactivation.
Длина начального участка осесимметричной турбулентной струи, образующейся в пенном розеточном оросителе для автоматических установок пожаротушения
Authors: Likhomanov Aleksey O. , Kamlyuk Andrey N. 
Published: May 2021

Цель. Выполнить анализ теоретических подходов к описанию структуры осесимметричных турбулентных струй, а также к расчету их начального участка в режиме распыливания. Теоретически рассчитать длину дужек пенного розеточного оросителя (т.е. расстояние от выходного отверстия оросителя до его розетки), при которой происходит наиболее интенсивное пенообразование, и сопоставить полученный результат с экспериментальными данными.
Методы. В ходе работы использовался ряд теоретических методов исследования (анализ, синтез, сравнение) для изучения подходов к описанию и расчету осесимметричных турбулентных струй, а также для сопоставления теоретически рассчитанных данных по длине дужек пенного розеточного оросителя с результатами эксперимента.
Результаты. Сформулирована гипотеза об оптимальной длине дужек L пенного розеточного оросителя с целью обеспечения наиболее интенсивного пенообразования в нем: оптимальная длина дужек должна равняться длине начального участка струи, образующейся на выходе из штуцера оросителя Lн, т.е. L = Lн. Рассчитаны нижний и верхний пределы диапазона значений длины начального участка струи воды, образующейся на выходе из штуцера розеточного оросителя определенной геометрии: 117 ≤ Lн ≤ 201 мм. При экспериментальном определении кратности пены (характеризует интенсивность пенообразования), генерируемой розеточным оросителем, для которого выполнялся теоретический расчет, оптимальное по данной характеристике пены значение длины дужек оказалось равным L = 114 ± 4 мм, что согласуется с теорией с поправкой на более низкий коэффициент поверхностного натяжения пенообразующего раствора по сравнению с обычной водой. Кроме того, предложено выражение для расчета длины начального участка струи для рассматриваемого штуцера пенного розеточного оросителя, которое в первом приближении может быть применено для оценки значения Lн при использовании разных марок и типов пенообразователей, а также при распыливании в газе с иной плотностью.
Область применения исследований. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для дальнейшего изучения процесса пенообразования в розеточных оросителях для автоматических установок пожаротушения с целью повышения их огнетушащей эффективности. Предложенное выражение для расчета длины начального участка образующейся на выходе из пенного розеточного оросителя струи может быть применено для оценки значения данного параметра при использовании разных марок и типов пенообразователей, а также при распыливании в газе с иной плотностью.
Vantagens da utilização de antibióticos encapsulados em lipossomas para o combate de infecções causadas por enterobactérias
Authors: Silva Júlio Eduardo Barbosa da , Souza Jaqueline Barbosa de , Macêdo Daniel Charles dos Santos , Campos Luís André de Almeida , Cavalcanti Isabella Macário Ferro 
Published: May 2021

Introdução: O tratamento de doenças causadas por enterobactérias é um desafio cada vez maior. Esse problema resulta na ineficiência dos antibióticos combaterem os patógenos ou estimularem a fagocitose de células do sistema reticuloendotelial, principalmente contra bactérias que se instalam e se multiplicam no interior de células fagocíticas. Alguns antibióticos são ineficazes em adentrar as células ou tem sua capacidade reduzida pela membrana plasmática. Assim, a comunidade científica reúne esforços buscando novas alternativas terapêuticas que ultrapassem essas limitações. Os lipossomas são nanocarreadores lipídicos capazes de encapsular antibióticos, visando o aumento na especificidade da entrega, a concentração de compostos entregues ao local, manter a concentração plasmática dos fármacos e proteger os princípios ativos. Assim, o objetivo dessa revisão foi descrever as principais propriedades lipossomais, enfatizando as vantagens de utilizar essas vesículas lipídicas para administração de antibióticos frente a infecções causadas por enterobactérias. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica através de buscas nas bases eletrônicas nacionais e internacionais selecionando artigos de 2007 a 2020 utilizando os descritores: Bactérias gram-negativas, Resistência bacteriana, Antimicrobianos e Nanotecnologia. Resultados: Lipossomas catiônicos e furtivos constituídos principalmente por colesterol, PEG, fosfatidilcolina e carboximetilquitosana encapsulando fármacos como amoxicilina, ciprofloxacina, cloxacilina, vancomicina, azitromicina, amoxicilina, cefepime, gentamicina e cefotaxime demonstraram atividade antibacteriana. Lipossomas encapsulando fármacos como cloranfenicol, azitromicina, gentamicina e polimixina B apresentaram maior eficiência antibiofilme frente a enterobactérias quando comparados aos fármacos não encapsulado. Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram que os lipossomas apresentam potencial terapêutico significativo para o tratamento de infecções causadas por enterobactérias.
Baixa prevalência de infecções por Clostridioides difficile em Hospitais de Referência em Oncologia
Authors: Tenório Catarina , Araújo Paulo Sérgio Ramos de , Lins Ana Kelly , Sobrinho Carlos Roberto Weber , Magalhães Vera 
Published: May 2021

As infecções por Clostridioides difficile (CDI) aumentaram em gravidade e incidência durante a última década. O câncer predispõe os pacientes à CDI, devido à maior exposição aos fatores de risco. O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência, resposta clínica, desfecho, descrever os fatores de risco estabelecidos na literatura em pacientes oncológicos com CDI. O estudo foi realizado em dois serviços de referência em oncologia de Recife/PE e envolveu pessoas com idade ≥18 anos, que apresentaram o quadro de diarreia após 48horas da admissão hospitalar, no período de novembro/2017 a agosto/2019. Para o diagnóstico de CDI foi utilizado o exame Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real (qRT-PCR). Um total de 156 pacientes foram incluídos, a CDI foi identificada em 7,05% (11/156) dos pacientes estudados, todos isolados foram rastreados e amplificados por qRT-PCR quanto à presença dos genes que codificam as toxinas A e B (tcdA e tcdB), toxina binária (cdtA) e triose fosfato isomerase (tpi). O câncer de mama 27,3% (3/11) e a leucemia linfóide aguda 18,2% (2/11) foram os cânceres mais frequentes; 90,9% (10/11) fizeram uso de antibióticos e 63,6% (7/11) dos casos evoluíram para óbito. Apesar de utilizar a técnica qRT-PCR, que é a mais sensível e específica, a prevalência de CDI foi baixa 7,05% (11/156), não houve registros de casos de CDI graves, sendo a maioria dos casos leves, o que sugere uma circulação de cepas com baixa virulência que determinam menor morbidade e mortalidade.
Assessment of Liver Function for Evaluation of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes in Type B Aortic Dissection Patients Undergoing Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: Liu Jitao , Wu Min , Xie Enmin , Chen Lyufan , Su Sheng , Zeng Hongke , Geng Qingshan , Yang Fan , Luo Jianfang 
Published: May 2021

Background and Aims: Patients with decreased liver function suffer from poor outcomes when undergoing procedures. We aimed to explore the impact of liver fibrosis identified by aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and poor liver functional reserve assessed by a model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) and albumin–bilirubin(ALBI) score on the prognosis of patients with type B aortic dissection (TBAD) undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR).Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database from 2010 to 2017 was performed. APRI &gt; 0.5 was used to identify those with significant liver fibrosis. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between liver fibrosis, MELD, and ALBI with adverse events.Results: TEVAR was performed on 812 TBAD patients including 35 with liver fibrosis and 777 without. Twenty-four (3.0%) patients deceased during hospitalization and 69 (8.8%) patients died after a median 48.2 months follow-up. Multivariable analysis revealed that liver fibrosis, MELD, and ALBI were independently associated with in-hospital [fibrosis: odds ratio (OR) 23.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.89–63.33, P &lt; 0.001; MELD: OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03–1.14, P = 0.003; ALBI: OR 4.45; 95% CI 1.56–12.67, P = 0.005] and follow-up mortality [fibrosis: hazard ratio (HR) 4.69, 95% CI 1.93–11.42, P = 0.001; MELD: HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04–1.10, P &lt; 0.001; ALBI: HR 2.88, 95% CI 1.53–5.43, P = 0.001]. The association was further corroborated by a subgroup analysis.Conclusion: Liver fibrosis and poor liver functional reserve could significantly increase the morbidity and mortality after TEVAR. APRI, MELD, and ALBI should be calculated and routinely used for preoperative risk stratification. Strict preoperative preparation and elaborate postoperative care are necessary to improve these patients' prognosis.
Small temporal asynchronies between the two eyes in binocular reading: Crosslinguistic data and the implications for ocular prevalence
Authors: Zhu Ruomeng , Obregón Mateo , Kreiner Hamutal , Shillcock Richard 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe investigated small temporal nonalignments between the two eyes’ fixations in the reading of English and Chinese. We define nine different patterns of asynchrony and report their spatial distribution across the screen of text. We interpret them in terms of their implications for ocular prevalence—prioritizing the input from one eye over the input from the other eye in higher perception/cognition, even when binocular fusion has occurred. The data are strikingly similar across the two very different orthographies. Asynchronies, in which one eye begins the fixation earlier and/or ends it later, occur most frequently in the hemifield corresponding to that eye. We propose that such small asynchronies cue higher processing to prioritize the input from that eye, during and after binocular fusion.
Evaluasi Kemampuan HCl dan H2SO4 Sebagai Aktivator Adsorben Bubuk Kulit Batang Sagu (Metroxylon Sagu)
Authors: Mukhlis umar Mukhlis 
Published: May 2021

Bubuk kulit batang sagu (Metroxylon sagu) berpotensi sebagai adsorben karena mengandung selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan kemampuan aktivator kimia berupa asam asam klorida dan asam sulfat untuk memperbaiki kualitas adsorben dari bubuk kulit batang sagu sesuai standar SNI 06-3730-1995. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan sistim bath, dimana bubuk kulit batang sagu diaktivasi melalui perendaman dengan HCl dan H2SO4 selama 24 jam menggunakan variasi perbandingan berat adsorben dan aktovator 1:1, 1:2 dan 1:3. Analisis di uji melalui karakterisasi meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, daya jerap terhadap iodium dan daya jerap terhadap metilen biru, serta gugus fungsi. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh kedua aktivator menunjukan rasio 1: 2 memmberikan kondisi yang optimal kadar air, kadar abu, daya jerap terhadap iodium dan metilen biru, luas permukaan masing-masing sebesar 1,64%; 3,14%; 261,41 mg/g; 4,80 mg/g; 17,76 m2/g untuk aktivator HCl dan 2,67%; 3,20%; 261,10 mg/g; 4,79 mg/g; 17,67 m2/g untuk aktivator H2SO4. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan larutan HCl dan H2SO4 tidak memperlihatkan perbedaan yang signifikan sebagai aktivator untuk miningkatkan kualitas adsorben bubuk kulit batang sagu, nilai daya jerap iodium dan metilen biru kedua aktivator tersebut belum mampu menjadikan bubuk kulit batang sagu sebagai adsorben sesuai standar SNI 06-3730-1995.
TEM Analyses of Unusual Presolar Silicon Carbide: Insights into the Range of Circumstellar Dust Condensation Conditions
Authors: Singerling S. A. , Liu N. , Nittler L. R. , O’D. Alexander C. M. , Stroud R. M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Presolar silicon carbide (SiC) grains in meteoritic samples can help constrain circumstellar condensation processes and conditions in C-rich stars and core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe). This study presents our findings on eight presolar SiC grains from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars (four mainstream and one Y grain) and CCSNe (three X grains), chosen on the basis of μ-Raman spectral features that were indicative of their having unusual non-3C polytypes and/or high degrees of crystal disorder. Analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which provides elemental compositional and structural information, shows evidence for complex histories for the grains. Our TEM results confirm the presence of non-3C,2H crystal domains. Minor-element heterogeneities and/or subgrains were observed in all grains analyzed for their compositions. The C/O ratios inferred for the parent stars varied from 0.98 to ≥1.03. Our data show that SiC condensation can occur under a wide range of conditions, in which environmental factors other than temperature (e.g., pressure, gas composition, heterogeneous nucleation on precondensed phases) play a significant role. Based on previous μ-Raman studies, ∼10% of SiC grains may have infrared (IR) spectral features that are influenced by crystal defects, porosity, and/or subgrains. Future sub-diffraction-limited IR measurements of complex SiC grains might shed further light on the relative contributions of each of these features to the shape and position of the characteristic IR 11 μm SiC feature and thus improve the interpretation of IR spectra of AGB stars like those that produced the presolar SiC grains.
The Thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect from Massive, Quiescent 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 1.5 Galaxies
Authors: Meinke Jeremy , Böckmann Kathrin , Cohen Seth , Mauskopf Philip , Scannapieco Evan , Sarmento Richard , Lunde Emily , Cottle J’Neil 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We use combined South Pole Telescope (SPT)+Planck temperature maps to analyze the circumgalactic medium (CGM) encompassing 138,235 massive, quiescent 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 1.5 galaxies selected from data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). Images centered on these galaxies were cut from the 1.85 arcmin resolution maps with frequency bands at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. The images were stacked, filtered, and fit with a graybody dust model to isolate the thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (tSZ) signal, which is proportional to the total energy contained in the CGM of the galaxies. We separated these M
⋆ = 1010.9
M
⊙–1012
M
⊙ galaxies into 0.1 dex stellar mass bins, detecting tSZ per bin up to 5.6σ and a total signal-to-noise ratio of 10.1σ. We also detect dust with an overall signal-to-noise ratio of 9.8σ, which overwhelms the tSZ at 150 GHz more than in other lower-redshift studies. We corrected for the 0.16 dex uncertainty in the stellar mass measurements by parameter fitting for an unconvolved power-law energy-mass relation,

E

therm

=

E

therm
,
peak

M

⋆

/

M

⋆
,
peak

α

, with the peak stellar mass distribution of our selected galaxies defined as M
⋆,peak = 2.3 × 1011
M
⊙. This yields an

E

therm
,
peak

=

5.98

−
1.00

+
1.02

×

10

60

erg and

α
=

3.77

−
0.74

+
0.60

. These are consistent with z ≈ 0 observations and within the limits of moderate models of active galactic nucleus feedback. We also computed the radial profile of our full sample, which is similar to that recently measured at lower-redshift by Schaan et al.
Do All Long-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts Emit GeV Photons?
Authors: Wang Yu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
GRB 190114C extends the focus of gamma-ray burst (GRB) research to the high-energy regime, in which a prime question is “Do all long-duration GRBs emit GeV photons?” Based on the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) 10 yr observations, 54 GRBs initially within the Fermi-LAT field of view and with known redshift are sampled. Within 26 of these GRBs at least one GeV photon has been detected with a probability of >95%, while the other 28 GRBs have no confident GeV photon detection. We hypothesize that all the samples intrinsically emit GeV photons, and the lack of detection is due to the limited capacity of the satellite. We estimate the theoretical number of photons that LAT receives by considering the GRB energy, the distance, and the LAT effective area. Results show, within the uncertainty, that all 26 GRBs with GeV photon detection have a theoretical photon number of >1, and 27 out of 28 GRBs without GeV photon detection have a theoretical photon number of <1. This agreement tends to support our hypothesis and give an answer of “yes” to our initial question.
Tourism as a Pathway to Rural Livelihood Diversification: A Study of Mognori Ecovillage in the Savannah Region of Ghana
Authors: Kuuder Conrad-J. Wuleka 
Published: May 2021

As a means of mitigating the effects of restrictions arising from the creation of the Mole National Park, a tourism intervention was introduced in Mognori, a village on one of the fringes of the famed park.This study assesses the Mognori Ecovillage Project especially in terms of its anticipated role in diversifying livelihoods. Qualitative research approaches were employed. Instruments such as In-depthInterview schedules were used to elicit information from household heads while focus group discussions (FGD) were used to elicit data from homestay operators and cultural dance troupes. Tourism was found to play an important diversification role in the sense that it provided both full-time and alternative means of income for some residents especially in the dry season. Tourism has become the “life wire” of some locales and the community needs to take steps to attract more tourists and provide a richer but engaging itinerary through improving cultural tourism resources such as the introduction of products like farm tourism and angling in the Mognori River. It is recommended that the homestay providers be trained in visitor reception skills including basic communication in Enghish language to enhance the experience of visitors.
Keywords: Mognori Ecovillage, homestay, livelihood diversification, stipends, canoe safari
Livelihood Diversification Among Indigenous Peri-Urban Women in the Wa Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Abdulai Ibrahim Abu , Derbile Emmanuel Kanchebe , Fuseini Moses Naiim 
Published: May 2021

Studies on peri-urban development have not paid enough attention to the strategies and dynamics of diversifying livelihoods among indigenous women in the Global South. This paper explores the dynamics of livelihood diversification strategies among indigenous women in response to peri-urban development in Wa, Ghana. The mixed-methods design guided the study, while the sample consisted 399 respondents selected from a sample frame of 1494 women. Data analyses involved descriptive statistics, non-parametric and thematic analyses. The study found that peri-urban development had led to the loss of access to farmland among indigenous women. In response, women have resorted to switching from farm-based to non-farm-based livelihoods amidst multiple production challenges.There is, therefore, the need to support the sustainability of women’s livelihoods through the Municipal Assembly and, in particular, through policy interventions such as support for skills training and financial support to enable indigenous people to make a sustainable living.
Keywords: Diversification, Ghana, Livelihoods, Peri-Urbanization, Women