bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central Limit Theorem in high dimensions: The optimal bound on dimension growth rate
Authors: Das Debraj , Lahiri Soumendra 
Published: June 2021

In this article, we try to give an answer to the simple question: “What is the optimal growth rate of the dimensionppas a function of the sample sizennfor which the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) holds uniformly over the collection ofpp-dimensional hyper-rectangles ?”. Specifically, we are interested in the normal approximation of suitably scaled versions of the sum∑i=1nXi\sum _{i=1}^{n}X_iinRp\mathcal {R}^puniformly over the class of hyper-rectanglesAre={∏j=1p[aj,bj]∩R:−∞≤aj≤bj≤∞,j=1,…,p}\mathcal {A}^{re}=\{\prod _{j=1}^{p}[a_j,b_j]\cap \mathcal {R}:-\infty \leq a_j\leq b_j \leq \infty , j=1,\ldots ,p\}, whereX1,…,XnX_1,\dots ,X_nare independentp−p-dimensional random vectors with each having independent and identically distributed (iid) components. We investigate the optimal cut-off rate oflog⁡p\log pbelow which the uniform CLT holds and above which it fails. According to some recent results of Chernozukov et al. [Ann. Probab. 45 (2017), pp. 2309–2352], it is well known that the CLT holds uniformly overAre\mathcal {A}^{re}iflog⁡p=o(n1/7)\log p=o\big (n^{1/7}\big ). They also conjectured that for CLT to hold uniformly overAre\mathcal {A}^{re}, the optimal rate islog⁡p=o(n1/3)\log p = o\big (n^{1/3}\big ). We show instead that under some suitable conditions on the even moments and under vanishing odd moments, the CLT holds uniformly overAre\mathcal {A}^{re}, whenlog⁡p=o(n1/2)\log p=o\big (n^{1/2}\big ). More precisely, we show that iflog⁡p=ϵn\log p =\epsilon \sqrt {n}for some sufficiently smallϵ>0\epsilon >0, the normal approximation is valid with an errorϵ\epsilon, uniformly overAre\mathcal {A}^{re}. Further, we show by an example that the uniform CLT overAre\mathcal {A}^{re}fails iflim supn→∞n−(1/2+δ)log⁡p>0\limsup _{ n\rightarrow \infty } n^{-(1/2+\delta )} \log p >0for someδ>0\delta >0. Therefore, with some moment conditions the optimal rate of the growth ofppfor the validity of the CLT is given bylog⁡p=o(n1/2)\log p=o\big (n^{1/2}\big ).
The spectrum of derived Mackey functors
Authors: Patchkoria Irakli , Sanders Beren , Wimmer Christian 
Published: June 2021

We compute the spectrum of the category of derived Mackey functors (in the sense of Kaledin) for all finite groups. We find that this space captures precisely the top and bottom layers (i.e. the height infinity and height zero parts) of the spectrum of the equivariant stable homotopy category. Due to this truncation of the chromatic information, we are able to obtain a complete description of the spectrum for all finite groups, despite our incomplete knowledge of the topology of the spectrum of the equivariant stable homotopy category. From a different point of view, we show that the spectrum of derived Mackey functors can be understood as the space obtained from the spectrum of the Burnside ring by “ungluing” closed points. In order to compute the spectrum, we provide a new description of Kaledin’s category, as the derived category of an equivariant ring spectrum, which may be of independent interest. In fact, we clarify the relationship between several different categories, establishing symmetric monoidal equivalences and comparisons between the constructions of Kaledin, the spectral Mackey functors of Barwick, the ordinary derived category of Mackey functors, and categories of modules over certain equivariant ring spectra. We also illustrate an interesting feature of the ordinary derived category of Mackey functors that distinguishes it from other equivariant categories relating to the behavior of its geometric fixed points.
VPS13D interacts with VCP/p97 and negatively regulates ER- mitochondrial interactions
Authors: Du Yuanjiao , Wang Jingru , Xiong Juan , Fang Na , Ji Wei-Ke 
Published: June 2021

Membrane contact sites (MCSs) between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are emerging as critical hubs for diverse cellular events, and alterations in the extent of these contacts are linked to neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms that control ER-mitochondrial interactions are so far elusive. Here, we demonstrate a key role of vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 13D (VPS13D) in the negative regulation of ER-mitochondrial MCSs. VPS13D suppression results in extensive ER-mitochondrial tethering, a phenotype that can be substantially rescued by suppression of the tethering proteins VAPB and PTPIP51. VPS13D interacts with valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97) to control the level of ER-resident VAPB at contacts. VPS13D is required for the stability of p97. Functionally, VPS13D suppression leads to severe defects in the mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial cellular distribution and mitochondrial DNA synthesis. Together our results suggest that VPS13D negatively regulates the ER-mitochondrial MCSs partially through its interactions with VCP/p97. [Media: see text]
Fat Embolism After Autologous Facial Fat Grafting
Authors: Dhooghe Nicolas S , Maes Sebastiaan , Depypere Bernard , Claes Karel E Y , Coopman Renaat , Kubat Bela , Piette Michel H , Monstrey Stan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Autologous facial fat grafting has gained popularity in recent years and is considered to be safe. This paper presents the case of a patient who died due to massive cerebral microfat embolism after facial fat grafting.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to raise awareness and provide more evidence on the prevention and treatment of this potentially lethal complication of facial fat grafting.

Methods
A detailed report was made of the case. Two online databases were searched for similar cases of facial fat embolism resulting in neurologic and/or visual symptoms. Thereafter a literature search was conducted to verify the etiology, current treatment options, and preventive measures.

Results
Forty-nine cases with similar events were found in the literature. The most common injected area was the glabella (36.1%), and an average of 16.7 mL fat was injected. The main complications were visual impairment, with 88.5% of cases resulting in permanent monocular blindness, and neurologic symptoms, some of which never fully recovered. Including the present patient, 7 cases were fatal. Fat embolism can occur in the veins and arteries of the face. Two possible pathways for fat embolism exist: the macroscopic, mechanical pathway with immediate signs, and the microscopic, biochemical pathway with delayed symptoms. Mechanical embolectomy and corticosteroids are suggested treatment options but evidence for their efficacy is lacking. Several different preventive measures are described.

Conclusions
Although facial fat grafting is considered a safe procedure, one should be aware of the risk of fat embolism. Underreporting of this adverse event is likely. With no effective treatment and often detrimental outcomes, preventive measures are of utmost importance to improve patient safety.

Level of Evidence: 4
The effect of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose on cardiac reverse remodelling following cardiac resynchronization therapy—the IRON-CRT trial
Authors: Martens Pieter , Dupont Matthias , Dauw Jeroen , Nijst Petra , Herbots Lieven , Dendale Paul , Vandervoort Pieter , Bruckers Liesbeth , Tang Wai Hong Wilson , Mullens Wilfried 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Aims
Iron deficiency is common in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and negatively affects cardiac function and structure. The study the effect of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) on cardiac reverse remodelling and contractile status in HFrEF.

Methods and results
Symptomatic HFrEF patients with iron deficiency and a persistently reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF &lt;45%) at least 6 months after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implant were prospectively randomized to FCM or standard of care (SOC) in a double-blind manner. The primary endpoint was the change in LVEF from baseline to 3-month follow-up assessed by three-dimensional echocardiography. Secondary endpoints included the change in left ventricular end-systolic (LVESV) and end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) from baseline to 3-month follow-up. Cardiac performance was evaluated by the force–frequency relationship as assessed by the slope change of the cardiac contractility index (CCI = systolic blood pressure/LVESV index) at 70, 90, and 110 beats of biventricular pacing. A total of 75 patients were randomized to FCM (n = 37) or SOC (n = 38). At baseline, both treatment groups were well matched including baseline LVEF (34 ± 7 vs. 33 ± 8, P = 0.411). After 3 months, the change in LVEF was significantly higher in the FMC group [+4.22%, 95% confidence interval (CI) +3.05%; +5.38%] than in the SOC group (−0.23%, 95% CI −1.44%; +0.97%; P &lt; 0.001). Similarly, LVESV (−9.72 mL, 95% CI −13.5 mL; −5.93 mL vs. −1.83 mL, 95% CI −5.7 mL; 2.1 mL; P = 0.001), but not LVEDV (P = 0.748), improved in the FCM vs. the SOC group. At baseline, both treatment groups demonstrated a negative force–frequency relationship, as defined by a decrease in CCI at higher heart rates (negative slope). FCM resulted in an improvement in the CCI slope during incremental biventricular pacing, with a positive force–frequency relationship at 3 months. Functional status and exercise capacity, as measured by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and peak oxygen consumption, were improved by FCM.

Conclusions
Treatment with FCM in HFrEF patients with iron deficiency and persistently reduced LVEF after CRT results in an improvement of cardiac function measured by LVEF, LVESV, and cardiac force–frequency relationship.
Outbreak of Acute Respiratory Illness Associated With Human Adenovirus Type 4 at the United States Coast Guard Academy, 2019
Authors: Chu Victoria T , Simon Esan , Lu Xiaoyan , Rockwell Patrick , Abedi Glen R , Gardner Christopher , Kujawski Stephanie A , Schneider Eileen , Gentile Micah , Ramsey Lee Ann , Liu Robert , Jones Sydney , Janik Christopher , Siniscalchi Alan , Landry Marie L , Christopher Jeffrey , Lindstrom Stephen , Steiner Shane , Thomas Dana , Gerber Susan I , Biggs Holly M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Although a human adenovirus (HAdV) vaccine is available for military use, officers-in-training are not routinely vaccinated. We describe an HAdV-associated respiratory outbreak among unvaccinated cadets at the US Coast Guard Academy and its impact on cadet training.

Methods
We defined a case as a cadet with new onset cough or sore throat during August 1–October 4, 2019. We reviewed medical records and distributed a questionnaire to identify cases and to estimate impact on cadet training. We performed real-time polymerase chain reaction testing on patient and environmental samples and whole genome sequencing on a subset of positive patient samples.

Results
Among the 1072 cadets, 378 (35%) cases were identified by medical records (n = 230) or additionally by the questionnaire (n = 148). Of the 230 cases identified from medical records, 138 (60%) were male and 226 (98%) had no underlying conditions. From questionnaire responses, 113 of 228 (50%) cases reported duty restrictions. Of cases with respiratory specimens, 36 of 50 (72%) were HAdV positive; all 14 sequenced specimens were HAdV-4a1. Sixteen (89%) of 18 environmental specimens from the cadet dormitory were HAdV-positive.

Conclusions
The HAdV-4-associated outbreak infected a substantial number of cadets and significantly impacted cadet training. Routine vaccination could prevent HAdV respiratory outbreaks in this population.
Predicting 21 cm-line map from Lyman-α emitter distribution with generative adversarial networks
Authors: Yoshiura Shintaro , Shimabukuro Hayato , Hasegawa Kenji , Takahashi Keitaro 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
The radio observation of 21 cm-line signal from the epoch of reionization (EoR) enables us to explore the evolution of galaxies and intergalactic medium in the early Universe. However, the detection and imaging of the 21 cm-line signal are tough due to the foreground and instrumental systematics. In order to overcome these obstacles, as a new approach, we propose to take a cross correlation between observed 21 cm-line data and 21 cm-line images generated from the distribution of the Lyman-α emitters (LAEs) through machine learning. In order to create 21 cm-line maps from LAE distribution, we apply conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) trained with the results of our numerical simulations. We find that the 21 cm-line brightness temperature maps and the neutral fraction maps can be reproduced with correlation function of 0.5 at large scales k &lt; 0.1 Mpc−1. Furthermore, we study the detectability of the cross-correlation assuming the LAE deep survey of the Subaru Hyper Suprime Cam, the 21 cm observation of the MWA Phase II, and the presence of the foreground residuals. We show that the signal is detectable at k &lt; 0.1 Mpc−1 with 1000 h of MWA observation even if the foreground residuals are 5 times larger than the 21 cm-line power spectrum. Our new approach of cross-correlation with image construction using the cGAN cannot only boost the detectability of EoR 21 cm-line signal but also allow us to estimate the 21 cm-line auto-power spectrum.
Grace and Conformity
Authors: Hampton Stephen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Reformed Conformity that flourished within the Early Stuart English Church was a rich and distinctive theological tradition that has never before been studied in its own right. While scholars have observed how Reformed Conformists clashed with Laudians and Puritans alike, no sustained study of their teaching on grace and their attitude to the Church has yet been undertaken, despite the acknowledged centrality of these topics to Early Stuart theological controversy. This ground-breaking monograph recovers this essential strand of Early Stuart Christian identity. It examines and analyses the teaching and writings of ten prominent theologians, all of whom made significant contributions to the debates that arose within the Church of England during the reigns of James I and Charles I and all of whom combined their loyalty to orthodox Reformed teaching on grace and salvation, with a commitment to the established polity of the English Church. The study makes the case for the coherence of their theological vision by underlining the connections that these Reformed Conformists made between their teaching on grace and their approach to Church order and liturgy. By engaging with a robust and influential theological tradition that was neither Puritan nor Laudian, this monograph significantly enriches our account of the Early Stuart Church, as well as contributing to the ongoing scholarly reappraisal of the wider Reformed tradition. It builds on the resurgence of academic interest in British soteriological discussion, and uses that discussion, as previous studies have not, to gain valuable new insights into Early Stuart ecclesiology.
The Lord’s Supper
Authors: Hampton Stephen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Chapter 6 charts the hostility of the Reformed Conformists to the language and liturgical innovations, promoted by some Laudians, that supported the idea that the Eucharist might be understood as a real sacrifice. Drawing particularly on the writings of Williams and Morton, it shows that the Reformed Conformist understanding of Conformity was decisively shaped by their rejection of the Roman Catholic teaching on the sacrifice of the Mass. This rejection informed the Reformed Conformist reading of canon law and inspired their opposition to the erection of altars within English churches. The chapter also returns to Prideaux, whose 1631 Act Lecture on the Mass represented a very public attack on Laudian language and church furnishings at the heart of Laud’s own university.
Episcopacy
Authors: Hampton Stephen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Chapter 7 analyses the Reformed Conformist attitude to the Church’s hierarchy. It opens by underlining that the British delegates at Dort had specifically asserted the superiority of the episcopal Church order maintained in the British Isles. It then uses Carleton’s Consensus to establish the high regard in which Reformed Conformists held episcopacy, and reinforces that point through the writings of Ward and Davenant. On that basis, it presents Hall’s notorious work, Episcopacy by Divine Right Asserted, as in fundamental continuity with the Reformed Conformist tradition, despite the editorial interventions of William Laud and Matthew Wren. The chapter then establishes, through Downame’s Two Sermons and Prideaux’s 1624 Oratio, that episcopal ordination played a significant role within Reformed Conformist soteriology.
Imperial Women on Coins and in Roman Cult
Authors: Boatwright Mary T. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
After an opening focus on Caligula’s three sisters Drusilla, Agrippina the Younger, and Julia Livilla, the first living women figured and identified on centrally struck coins, the chapter addresses coins as evidence for imperial women, and the connections of imperial women to Rome’s public religion and religious culture. Women themselves determined neither their numismatic depictions, nor the choice of deity or abstraction for the reverse of a portrait coin. Further examination delves into imperial women and imperial cult, as priestesses and as recipients of cult; women in oaths and vows; and reports linking them with Judaism and Christianity. Religion is the arena in which imperial women receive the most visibility and honor, but even here they had little agency and were sidelined.
Imperial Women Abroad, and with the Military
Authors: Boatwright Mary T. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Beginning with the extraordinary military associations of Julia Domna, Julia Maesa, Julia Soaemias, and Julia Mamaea, this chapter explores the interrelated themes of imperial women’s reported links with Rome’s military, and the issue of their movements abroad. Despite the constant pronounced bias against any woman mixing with Rome’s armed forces or provincial administration, women are sporadically but ever more attested in military settings such as camps and barracks, and even in armed conflict. This applies to non-imperial as well as imperial women, as is clear from archaeology and documentation. By the time of Domna and other Severans, women accompanied the imperial entourage unchallenged, even if decried by authors. The growing ritual of the imperial court, the increasing importance of the imperial family as a whole, and the mounting necessity for the emperor to inspect provinces and armies personally encouraged imperial women to travel more as the principate evolved.
Introduction
Authors: Manko Katina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Avon Products employs women as both corporate employees and as sales representatives. Employees receive a salary and work at the office while the representatives are independent contractors who work from home and are paid by commission on their personal sales. Avon Ladies visited the private homes of their customers, cultivating a personalized service integral to the corporate culture. Avon, as a direct sales company, has always sold two products. The first was its line of cosmetics, perfumes, and toiletries as displayed in its catalogs. The second, to which Avon also devoted substantial time and resources, was selling the business opportunity and recruiting women to become Avon Ladies. Avon organized its representatives in city or regional sales offices run by salaried managers, and unlike modern multi-level marketing companies, it did not require representatives to recruit. As a leader in the direct selling industry, Avon occupied an influential position in the twentieth-century conversation about women in business and the value of women’s entrepreneurship.
The California Perfume Company
Authors: Manko Katina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
David McConnell built the California Perfume Company to sell perfumes, toiletries, extracts, and household products through a system of direct house-to-house sales. To overcome the seedy reputation of itinerant peddlers, common at the turn of the twentieth century, McConnell relied on women. Door-to-door sales representatives sold the products to their family, friends, and neighbors in their hometowns. Traveling Agents were women who travelled the countryside recruiting and training new women to sell. The company managed all of its agents remotely, relying on newsletters, prize offerings, and regular sales reports to motivate representatives to sell. While a relatively small company, the CPC was the only one of its kind to exclusively hire women.
“Now You Are in Business for Yourself”
Authors: Manko Katina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The California Perfume Company (CPC) was the only direct sales organization to hire women exclusively as its sales representatives. The size of the force increased from about 10,000 in 1910 to more than 30,000 by 1929. A demographic profile built from an analysis of company newsletters and census data shows that the vast majority of CPC representatives worked in small rural towns of fewer than 1,000 people. Most were married and were forty years of age or older. Selling door-to-door allowed women to bridge the gap between home and work. CPC promised women an independent business opportunity, and their testimonials showed that most regarded the work as business, not labor. Their sales records, however, suggest that only a minority of women would rely on CPC as their main source of income.
The Key Role of Supervisors for Supporting Veterans in the Workplace
Authors: Hammer Leslie B. , Brockwood Krista , Haverly Sarah N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the role of leadership in hiring and retaining military veterans in civilian organizations—both the leadership experience and abilities a veteran brings to an employer and the importance of civilian workplace supervisors. Supervisors are key in supporting and recognizing the unique knowledge, skills, and abilities that veterans bring to the workplace, enhancing not only the quality of business outcomes but also the social relationships within organizations. This chapter begins with a focus on the importance of managers and supervisors providing a culture of support for veterans by addressing how such support leads to improvements in self-efficacy, health, well-being, and job outcomes, such as increased retention of veterans in the civilian workplace. It then addresses the importance of both the leadership skills and qualities brought to the workplace by our veterans—and how organizations can recognize, utilize, and maximize the leadership skills of veterans.
Representational Kinds
Authors: Smortchkova Joulia , Murez Michael 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Many debates in philosophy of mind and cognitive science focus on whether folk or scientific psychological notions pick out cognitive natural kinds. Examples include memory, emotions, and concepts. A potentially interesting type of kind is kinds of mental representations (as opposed, for example, to kinds of psychological faculties). This chapter outlines a proposal for a theory of representational kinds in cognitive science. It argues that the explanatory role of representational kinds in scientific theories, in conjunction with a mainstream approach to explanation in cognitive science, suggests that representational kinds are multilevel. This is to say that representational kinds’ properties cluster at different levels of explanation and allow for intra- and interlevel projections.