bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragmented yet high economic costs of biological invasions in India
Authors: Bang Alok , Cuthbert Ross , Haubrock Phillip , Fernandez Romina , Moodley Desika , Diagne Christophe , Turbelin Anna , Banerjee Achyut Kumar , Renault David , Dalu Tatenda , Courchamp Franck 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Biological invasions are one of the top drivers of the ongoing biodiversity crisis. An underestimated consequence of invasions is the enormity of their economic impacts. Knowledge gaps regarding economic costs produced by invasive alien species (IAS) are pervasive, particularly for emerging economies such as India — the fastest growing economy worldwide. To bridge this gap, we synthesised data on economic costs of IAS in India. Specifically, we examine how IAS costs are distributed spatially, environmentally, sectorally, taxonomically, temporally and across introduction pathways; and discuss globally how IAS costs vary with socioeconomic indicators. We found that IAS have cost the Indian economy between at least US$ 127.3 billion to 182.6 billion (Indian Rupees ₹ 8.3 trillion to 11.9 trillion) over 1960–2020, and these costs have increased with time. Most recorded costs were not assigned to specific regions, environments, sectors, cost types and causal IAS. When costs were specifically assigned, maximum costs were incurred in west, south and north India, by invasive alien insects in semi-aquatic ecosystems, incurred mainly by the public and social welfare sector, and were associated with damages and losses rather than management expenses. Our findings indicate that the reported economic costs grossly underestimate the actual costs, especially when considering the expected costs given India's population size and gross domestic product (GDP). This cost analysis improves our knowledge of the negative economic impacts associated with biological invasions in India and the burden they can represent for its development. We hope that this study motivates policymakers to address socio-ecological issues, especially since economic growth will be accompanied by greater impacts of global change.
The Mediterranean Diet and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-style Diet Are Differently Associated With Lipid Profile in a Large Sample of Iranian Adults: Shahedieh Cohort Study
Authors: Panbehkar-Jouybari Monireh , Mollahosseini Mehdi , Salehi-Abargouei Amin , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Mirzaei Masoud , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The association between the Mediterranean diet (MED) or dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is well-documented. Nevertheless, a consistent relationship in the Middle East population has yet to be identified. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between DASH/MED and blood lipids in Iranian adults.Methods: We followed 4740 participants 35-70 years (mean: 50.0) of the Shahedieh cohort study in Yazd, Iran. Participants provided dietary and blood lipid data through a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and blood samples were taken after a fasted state. We used binary logistic regression to examine the association between DASH/MED scores and blood lipids.Results: The DASH diet could reduce the level of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and LDL/HDL (high-density lipoprotein) ratio (P: 0.01; third vs. the first tertile). While the MED diet could increase the HDL level (P: 0.01). In Binary logistic regression, higher adherence to DASH diet shown 19% lower odds of high TC level (OR: 0.81; 95 %CI: 0.69–0.95) and 18% lower odds of high LDL/HDL ratio (OR: 0.82; 95 %CI: 0.70–0.96). Besides, high adherence to the MED diet was associated with lower odds of LDL/HDL ratio (OR: 0.85; 95 %CI: 0.72–0.99).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the DASH diet and the MED diet respectively might have a protective effect on TC, TG, LDL, LDL/HDL ratio, and HDL, and the LDL/HDL ratio, subsequently on CVDs risk. Further epidemiological studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Hyperphosphorylated tau self-assembles into amorphous aggregates eliciting TLR4-dependent inflammatory responses
Authors: Klenerman David , Meng Jonathan , Zhang Yu , Saman Dominik , De Suman , Sang Jason , Jiang Kun , Humphrey Jane , Julian Linda , Hidari Eric , Floto R. Andres , Lee Steven , Bryant Clare , Benesch Justin , Ye Yu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Soluble aggregates of the microtubule-associated protein tau have been challenging to assemble and characterize, despite their important role in the development of tauopathies. We found that sequential hyperphosphorylation by PKA in conjugation with either GSK3-β or SAPK4 enabled recombinant wild-type (WT) tau of isoform 0N4R to spontaneously polymerize into small amorphous aggregates in vitro. We employed tandem mass spectrometry to determine the phosphorylation sites and the degree of phosphorylation, and super-resolution microscopy and electron microscopy to characterize the morphology of aggregates formed. Functionally, in comparison with the unmodified aggregates, which require heparin induction to assemble, these self-assembled hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates more efficiently disrupt membrane bilayers and induce Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent inflammatory responses. Together, our results demonstrate that tau hyperphosphorylation is potentially damaging to cells, providing a mechanistic model of how hyperphosphorylation of tau aggregates drives neuroinflammation in tauopathies.
Combined Foliar and Soil Selenium Fertilizer Improves Selenium Transport in Oats and the Diversity of the Bacterial Community in Rhizosphere Soil
Authors: Li Junhui , Yang Wenping , Guo Anna , Yang Sheng , Chen Jie , Qiao Yuejing , Anwar Sumera , Wang Kai , Yang Zhenping , Gao Zhiqiang , Wang Jianwu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Reasonable application of selenium (Se) fertilizer is beneficial for improving Se contents in grains and can affect soil ecology. No study has compared Se fertilizer application methods on biofortification, yield, and soil bacterial community. This study investigated the effects of topsoil (T), foliar (S), and soil+foliar (TS) application of Se fertilizer on oats. TS treatment significantly increased oat yield compared with the control and S. The Se content in grains was increased in the order of TS > S > T. T and TS increased the nutrients, soil organic matter, activities of urease, alkaline phosphatase, and sucrose, as well as the diversity and abundance of soil bacterial communities. According to PCA analysis, TS and T increased the relative abundance of bacteria involved in the decomposition of organic matter, such as Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes, while reduced Granulicella, Bacillus, Raoultella, Lactococcus, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas. Furthermore, TS significantly increased the relative abundance of Aciditeromonas, Gemmatimonas, Geobacter, and Thiobacter. While, T significantly increased the abundance of Lysobacter, Holophaga, Candidatus-Koribacter, Povalibacter, and Pyrinomonas. S did not significantly change the bacterial communities. The redundancy analysis revealed that soil nutrients and enzyme activities were positively correlated with the abundance of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi, but negatively correlated with the abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Thus, a combined application of foliar and soil Se proved most conducive for achieving higher yield, grain Se content, and improving bacterial community structure and functional gene expression in rhizosphere soil.
Ultra-robust stretchable electrode for e-skin: in situ assembly using a nanofiber scaffold and liquid metal to mimic water-to-net interaction
Authors: Cao Jin Wei , Liang Fei , Li Hua Yang , Li Xin , Fan You Jun , Yin Yiming , Li Fali , Xu Jin , Feng Hanfang , Xu Dan , Yang Huali , Liu Yiwei , Li Run-Wei , Zhu Guang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The development of stretchable electronics will thrive on the novel interface structure to solve the stretchability-conductivity dilemma, which is still a great challenge. Herein, we report a nano-liquid metal (LM)-based high-robust stretchable electrode (NHSE) with a self-adaptable interface that mimics water-to-net interaction. Based on in situ assembly of electrospun elastic nanofibers scaffold and electrosprayed LM nanoparticles, the NHSE exhibits an extremely low sheet resistance of 52 mΩ/□. It is not only insensitive to a large degree of mechanical stretching (i.e., 350% electrical resistance change upon 570% elongation), but also immune to cyclic deformation (i.e., 5% electrical resistance increase after 100,000 stretching cycles with 100% elongation). These key properties are far more superior to the state-of-the-art reports. Its robustness and stability are verified under diverse circumstances, including long-term exposure in air (420 days), cyclic washing (30,000 times), and resilience against mechanical damages. The combination of conductivity, stretchability and durability makes the NHSE a promising conductor/electrode solution to flexible/stretchable electronics for applications such as wearable on-body physiological signal detection.
Mortality and Clinical Characteristics of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 in critically ill patients: an observational multicenter study (MISCO STUDY)
Authors: Acevedo Lorena , Piñeres-Olave Byron Enrique , Niño-Serna Laura Fernanda , Mazillo-Vega Liliana , Gómez Ivan Jose Ardila , Chacón Shayl , Jaramillo-Bustamante Juan Camilo , Mulett-Hoyos Hernando , González-Pardo Otto Mauricio , Zemanate Eliana , Izquierdo Ledys , Mejía Jaime Piracoca , González Jose Luis Junco , Durán Beatriz Giraldo , Bonilla Carolina , Preciado Helen , Marín Rafael Orozco , Alvarez Martha , Giraldo Carolina , Rojas Jorge , Salazar-Uribe Juan Carlos , Anaya Juan-Manuel , Fernández-Sarmiento Jaime 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background The clinical presentation and severity of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children associated with COVID-19 is widespread and presents a very low mortality rate in highincome countries. This research describes the clinical characteristics of MIS-C in critically ill children in middle-income countries compared to described series in high-income countries along with the factors associated with mortality and worse outcomes. Methods An observational cohort study was conducted in 14 PICUs in Colombia between April 01, 2020 and January 31, 2021. Patient´s age ranged between one month and 18 years and they met the requirements set forth by WHO for MIS-C. Results There were seventy-eight children in this study. The median age was seven years (IQR 1- 11), 18% (14/78) were under one year old, and 56% were male. Thirty-five percent (29/78) were obese or overweight. The PICU stay was six days (IQR 4-7), and 100% had a fever on admission lasting five days (IQR 3.7-6). Seventy percent (55/78) had diarrhea, and 87% (68/78) had shock or myocardial dysfunction (78%). Compared to the United Kingdom (UK) study, there were more children under the age of five (37% vs. 10%; p=0.004), and there was a higher frequency of obesity (29.5% vs. 10%; p=0.008). With regard to the US study, there was more lymphadenopathy (23% vs. 13%; p=0.02), diarrhea (70.5% vs. 53%; p=0.001), lymphopenia (64% vs. 35%; p=0.001), shock (87% vs. 35%; p=0.001), elevated troponin (51% vs. 31%; p=0.006) and elevated proBNP (82% vs 43%; p=0.001), as well as greater mortality (9% vs 1.8%; p=0.001). The group that did not survive had a longer duration of the disease until admission to the PICU (6 days vs. 5 days; p = 0.003), more frequency of ferritin above 500 ngr/mL (100% vs. 45%; p = 0.012) and more cardiovascular complications (100% vs. 54%; p = 0.019) compared to the group that survived. Conclusions Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children due to SARS-CoV-2 in critically ill children living in a middle-income country has some clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic characteristics similar to those described in high-income countries. It was observed inflammatory response, and cardiovascular involvement were conditions that, added to the difficulties in accessing healthcare systems in countries with limited resources, may explain the higher mortality seen in these children.
Trajectories of loneliness and objective social isolation and associations between persistent loneliness and self- reported personal recovery in a cohort of secondary mental health service users in the UK
Authors: Ma Ruimin , Wang Jingyi , Lloyd-Evans Brynmor , Marston Louise , Johnson Sonia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Loneliness is a frequent and distressing experience among people with mental health problems. However, few longitudinal studies have so far investigated the trajectories of loneliness and objective social isolation, and the extent to which both issues may impact mental health outcomes among mental health service users. Therefore, this study aims to describe the trajectories of loneliness and objective social isolation and their associations with self-rated personal recovery among people leaving crisis resolution teams (CRTs). Methods: A total of 224 participants receiving care from CRTs (recruited for a large multi-site randomised controlled trial) were included in this longitudinal cohort study. They completed the eight-item University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (ULS-8), Lubben-Social Network Scale (LNSN-6), and the Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery (QPR) (primary outcome) at baseline, 4- and 18-month follow-up, as well as baseline sociodemographic and clinical variables. Results: We compared groups who were persistently lonely (at all time points), intermittently lonely (at one or two time points) and never lonely. After adjusting for all potential confounders and baseline predictive variables, persistent severe loneliness was associated with worse personal recovery at 18-month follow-up compared with the never lonely (reference group) (coef. = -12.8, 95% CI -11.8, -3.8, p<.001), as was being intermittently lonely (coef. = -7.8, 95% CI -18.8, -6.8, p<.001). The persistently objectively social isolated group (coef. = -9.8, 95% CI -15.7, -3.8, p=.001) also had poorer self-rated recovery at 18-month follow-up than those who were not socially isolated at any timepoint (i.e., reference category). Conclusion: Results suggest that both persistent loneliness and objective social isolation are associated with poorer self-rated recovery following a crisis, compatible with a causal relationship. These findings suggest a potential role for interventions aimed at alleviating loneliness and objective social isolation in improving recovery outcomes for people with mental health symptoms. Increased awareness of both issues among health practitioners is also warranted.
Effects of gallic acid and Zn, Cu, and Ni on antioxidant enzyme activities of Hyphantria cunea larvae infected with Bacillus thuringiensis
Authors: Topkara Elif Fatma , Yanar Oğuzhan , Solmaz Fatma Gönül 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The effects of copper, nickel, and zinc and the potent antioxidant gallic acid on the antioxidant enzyme activities of Hyphantria cunea larvae infected with Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki have been identified in this study. With metal exposure, all the enzyme activities have increased. Antagonistic effects were observed in the combination of gallic acid with all three metals on the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. In glutathione peroxidase activity, an antagonistic effect was observed in gallic acid plus nickel group, while there was a synergistic effect for gallic acid plus zinc and gallic acid plus copper. Activities of these enzymes in larvae exposed only to the metals increased in the infected groups; while exposure to gallic acid alone elicited a decrease. As a consequence, it was found that enzyme activities were affected by both metals and gallic acid and infection.
Comprehensive Analysis of Lysine Crotonylation Modification in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Huang Jiahuang , Tang Donge , Zheng Fengping , Xu Huixuan , Dai Yong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background： Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are at the heart of many cellular signaling events, which changes the function of protein. Crotonylation, one of the most important and common PTMs, plays a key role in the regulation of various biological processes. However, no study has evaluated the role of lysine crotonylation modification and chronic renal failure patients. Methods: Here, we comparatively evaluated the crotonylation proteome of normal controls and chronic renal failure patients using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) coupled with highly sensitive immune-affinity purification.Results: A total of 1109 lysine modification sites were identified, of which 772 sites were up-regulated and 69 sites were down-regulated; this suggests that crotonylation modification maintains high levels in the patients’ kidneys with chronic renal failure. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the crotonylated proteins were significantly enriched in the platelet alpha granule lumen, platelet degradulation, and cell adhesion molecule binding. In addition, KEGG-based gene and genomic functional enrichment analysis in Kyoto encyclopedia showed that battoacyl protein was enriched in CD36, which has an important relationship with renal failure.Conclusion: This is the first report on the global crotonylation proteome of chronic renal failure patients. crotonylation of histone and non-histone may play an important role in delaying the continuous deterioration of renal function in patients with chronic renal failure.
A Novel Redox Indicator based on Relative Abundances of C31 And C32 Homohopanes in the Eocene Lacustrine Dongying Depression, East China
Authors: Jiang Chong , Huang Haiping , Li Zheng , Zhang Hong , Zhai Zheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A suite of oils and bitumens from the Eocene Shahejie Formation (Es) in the Dongying Depression, East China was geochemically characterized to illustrate the impact of source input and redox conditions on the distributions of pentacyclic terpanes. The fourth member (Es4) developed under highly reducing, sulfidic hypersaline conditions, while the third member (Es3) formed under dysoxic, brackish to freshwater conditions. Oils derived from Es4 are enriched in C32 homohopanes (C32H), while those from Es3 are prominently enriched in C31 homohopanes (C31H). The C32H/C31H ratio shows positive correlation with homohopane index (HHI), gammacerane index (G/C30H), and negative correlation with pristane/phytane (Pr/Ph) ratio, and can be used to evaluate oxic/anoxic conditions during deposition and diagenesis. High C32H/C31H ratio (> 0.8) is an important characteristic of oils derived from sulfidic, hypersaline anoxic environments, while low values (< 0.8) indicate non-sulfidic, dysoxic conditions. Extremely low C32H/C31H ratios (< 0.4) indicate strong oxic conditions of coal depsoition. Advantages to use C32H/C31H ratio as redox condition proxy compared to the HHI and gammacerane indexes are wider valid maturity range, less sensitive to biodegradation influence and better differentiation of reducing from oxic environments. Preferential cracking of C35-homohopanes leads HHI to be valid in a narrow maturity range before peak oil generation. No C35 homohopane can be reliably detected in the Es4 bitumens when vitrinite reflectance is > 0.75%, which explains the rare occurrence of high HHI values in Es4 source rocks. Gammacerane is thermally more stable and biologically more refractory than C30 hopane, leading G/C30H ratio more sensitive to maturation and biodegradation than C32H/C31H ratio. Meanwhile, both HHI and gammacerane index cannot differentiate level of oxidation. The C32H/C31H ratio can be applied globally as a novel redox proxy in addition to the Dongying Depression.
rAAV9‐mediated supplementation of miR-29b improve Angiotensin-II induced Renal Fibrosis in mice
Authors: Zhang Ju Hong , Li Jing , Ye Yang , Yu Wang Qi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation is the critical factor in renal remodeling and dysfunction. Our previous study suggested that miR-29b might attenuate angiotensin II-induced renal intestinal fibrosis in vitro. In the present study, we aim to determine that recombinant adeno-associated virus mediated miR-29b delivery can protect AngII-induced renal fibrosis and dysfunction. Method Mice were treated with AngII via osmotic mini-pumps or PBS. Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 vectors were produced with the rBac-based system in SF9 cells. rAAV9-miR-29b or rAAV9-control-miR were injected into the kidney of a mouse model of AngII infusion. Role of miR-29b in renal fibrosis were assessed by Q-PCR, Western blot and histological examination. Results In AngII-induced fibrotic kidney, miR-29b expression was down-regulated. rAAV9-miR-29b delivery significantly reversed renal dysfunction as indicated by decreased blood serum creatinine in AngII-infused mice. As far to organ remodeling, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and deposition of extracellular matrix deposition such as Collagen type I and type III were significantly decreased in kidney tissue of rAAV9-miR-29b delivered mouse. Conclusion Our results show the great potential of rAAV9 as an applicable vector for miR-29b delivery for antifibrogenic factors in the treatment of renal dysfunction caused by tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
Structural insights into Rift Valley fever virus replication machinery
Authors: Chen Zhongzhou , Wang Hong-Wei , Wang Xue , Hu Cuixia , Wang Jia , Dong Xiaofei , Xu Jie , Li Xiaorong , Zhang Manfeng , Lu Hongyun , Ye Wei , Zhang Fanglin , Wu Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) belongs to the order Bunyavirales and is the type species of genus Phlebovirus, which accounts for over 50% of family Phenuiviridae species. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L protein) is responsible for facilitating the replication and transcription of the virus. We report two cryo-EM RVFV L protein structures at 3.6 Å and 3.8 Å resolution in the presence and absence of RNA, respectively. In this first L protein structure of genus Phlebovirus, viral RNA induces considerable conformational changes of the polymerase. The RVFV L protein priming loop is distinctly different from those of other L proteins and undergoes large movements related to its replication elongation role. Structural and biochemical analyses indicate that a single template can initiate RNA replication, which is notably enhanced by 5’ viral RNA. These findings advance our understanding of RNA synthesis mechanism and provide a basis for antiviral inhibitor development.