bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Decker Michele R. , Wood Shannon N. , Thiongo Mary , Byrne Meagan E. , Devoto Bianca , Morgan Rosemary , Bevilacqua Kristin , Williams Anaise , Stuart H. Colleen , Wamue- Ngare Grace , Heise Lori , Glass Nancy , Anglewicz Philip , Gummerson Elizabeth , Gichangi Peter 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundInfectious disease outbreaks like COVID-19 and their mitigation measures can exacerbate underlying gender disparities, particularly among adolescents and young adults in densely populated urban settings.MethodsAn existing cohort of youth ages 16–26 in Nairobi, Kenya completed a phone-based survey in August-October 2020 (n = 1217), supplemented by virtual focus group discussions and interviews with youth and stakeholders, to examine economic, health, social, and safety experiences during COVID-19, and gender disparities therein.ResultsCOVID-19 risk perception was high with a gender differential favoring young women (95.5% vs. 84.2%; p<0.001); youth described mixed concern and challenges to prevention. During COVID-19, gender symmetry was observed in constrained access to contraception among contraceptive users (40.4% men; 34.6% women) and depressive symptoms (21.8% men; 24.3% women). Gender disparities rendered young women disproportionately unable to meet basic economic needs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.21; p<0.05) and in need of healthcare during the pandemic (aOR = 1.59; p<0.001). At a bivariate level, women had lower full decisional control to leave the house (40.0% vs. 53.2%) and less consistent access to safe, private internet (26.1% vs. 40.2%), while men disproportionately experienced police interactions (60.1%, 55.2% of which included extortion). Gender-specific concerns for women included menstrual hygiene access challenges (52.0%), increased reliance on transactional partnerships, and gender-based violence, with 17.3% reporting past-year partner violence and 3.0% non-partner sexual violence. Qualitative results contextualize the mental health impact of economic disruption and isolation, and, among young women, privacy constraints.ImplicationsYouth and young adults face gendered impacts of COVID-19, reflecting both underlying disparities and the pandemic’s economic and social shock. Economic, health and technology-based supports must ensure equitable access for young women. Gender-responsive recovery efforts are necessary and must address the unique needs of youth.
Outcome of induction and associated factors among induced labours in public Hospitals of Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia: A two years’ retrospective analysis
Authors: Beshir Yimer Mohammed , Kure Mohammed Abdurke , Egata Gudina , Roba Kedir Teji 
Published: November 2021

Background
Induction of labor (IOL) is an essential intervention to reduce adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. It is also improved pregnancy outcomes, especially in resource-limited countries, where maternal and perinatal mortality is unacceptably high. However, there is a scarcity of evidence regarding the outcome of induction of labor and its predictors in low-income countries like Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the outcome of induction of labor and associated factors among mothers who underwent labor induction in public Hospitals of Harari Regional State, Estern Ethiopia.

Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 March, 2019 in Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia. A total of 717 mothers who underwent induction of labor in public Hospitals of Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled in the study. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 (IBM SPSS Statistics, 2016) for further analysis. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the effects of each predictor variable on the outcome of induction of labor after controlling for potential confounders. Statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05.

Results
Overall, the prevalence of success of induction of labor was 65% [95% CI (61.5, 68.5)]. Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia was found to be the most common indication for induction of labor (46.70%) followed by pre-labor rupture of fetal membrane (33.5%). In the final model of multivariable analysis, predictors such as: maternal age < 24 years old [AOR = 1.93, 95%CI(1.14, 3.26)], nulliparity[AOR = 0.34, 95%CI(0.19, 0.59)], unfavorable Bishop score [AOR = 0.06, 95%CI(0.03, 0.12)], intermediate Bishop score [AOR = 0.08, 95%CI(0.04, 0.14)], misoprostol only method [AOR = 2.29, 95%CI(1.01, 5.19)], nonreassuring fetal heart beat pattern [AOR = 0.14, 95%CI (0.07, 0.25)] and Birth weight 3500 grams and above[AOR = 0.32, 95% CI (0.17, 0.59)] were statistically associated with the successful outcome of induction of labor.

Conclusion
The prevalence of successful of induction of labor was relatively low in this study area because only two-thirds of the mothers who underwent induction of labor had a successful of induction. Therefore, this result calls for all stakeholders to give more emphasis on locally available induction protocols and guidelines. In addition, pre-induction conditions must be taken into consideration to avoid unwanted effect of failed induction of labour.
Protocol for assessment of the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas RNP delivery to different types of target cells
Authors: Tyumentseva Marina A. , Tyumentsev Aleksandr I. , Akimkin Vasiliy G. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Delivery of CRISPR/Cas RNPs to target cells still remains the biggest bottleneck to genome editing. Many efforts are made to develop efficient CRISPR/Cas RNP delivery methods that will not affect viability of target cell dramatically. Popular current methods and protocols of CRISPR/Cas RNP delivery include lipofection and electroporation, transduction by osmocytosis and reversible permeabilization and erythrocyte-based methods.

Methods
In this study we will assess the efficiency and optimize current CRISPR/Cas RNP delivery protocols to target cells. We will conduct our work using molecular cloning, protein expression and purification, cell culture, flow cytometry (immunocytochemistry) and cellular imaging techniques.

Discussion
This will be the first extensive comparative study of popular current methods and protocols of CRISPR/Cas RNP delivery to human cell lines and primary cells. All protocols will be optimized and characterized using the following criteria i) protein delivery and genome editing efficacy; ii) viability of target cells after delivery (post-transduction recovery); iii) scalability of delivery process; iv) cost-effectiveness of the delivery process and v) intellectual property rights. Some methods will be considered ‘research-use only’, others will be recommended for scaling and application in the development of cell-based therapies.
Bacterial Cellulose Production in The Overripe Guava Juice by Acetobacter xylinum as A Solution to Reduce Organic Waste
Authors: Lathifah Annisa Nur , Nuryana Isa 
Published: November 2021

The exploration for a new cost-effective carbon source with shorter fermentation process for high yield BC production is still needed. In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was synthesized by Acetobacter xylinum using overripe guava juice as a carbon source. The results showed that A. xylinum was able to grow on the overripe guava juice with different concentration and produced BC after two days incubation. In the later on, the BC is called as nata de guava. The overripe guava juice which containing reducing sugar content 23 g /L (substrate 100%) at pH 4 produced the thickest BC (1.267 cm). This study showed due to the high reducing sugar and protein contents in the overripe guava, without the addition of carbon and nitrogen from external sources, BC could be formed. Considering the huge disposal overripe guava fruit waste in Java, the present study provides an alternative methodology to synthesize BC. Besides, most importantly, this study provides a new insight to manage organic waste specifically from overripe guava fruit rather than the waste being thrown away and becoming organic waste generation. Keywords: bacterial cellulose, Acetobacter xylinum, overripe guava, organic waste
Revisiting inflation and growth nexus: an asymmetric cointegration based on Non-linear ARDL approach in case of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Zobayer 
Published: November 2021

Sustainable high economic growth is the major objective of a country. Whereas inflation is one of the critical factors that affect economic development. Growth-inflation nexus is one of the most controversial topics in this present world. This study re-investigates the link between inflation and the economic development of Bangladesh by employing a non-linear autoregressive distributed lagged (NARDL) approach. For this study, we use annual time series data set on the growth rate of per capita gross domestic product, and the inflation rate for the time range from 1986 to 2017. The asymmetric cointegration result based on the NARDL approach shows the confirmation of long-run integration between the GDP growth rate and inflation rate (CPI). The study finds a positive and robust nexus between growth rate and inflation rate. The relationship exists both in the long-run as well as in the short-run. The results also have statistically significant. This study further explores that there is an asymmetric relationship between the rate of inflation and the rate of economic growth. The nonlinear ARDL approach shows that the GDP growth rate responds more with an upward change in inflation than that of a downward change.
Furthermore, in the short-run, the positive change in inflations has a significant and positive influence on the growth rate. Still, the influence of an adverse change in inflations has statistically insignificant. Both the policymakers of Bangladesh (Bangladesh Bank) and development partners working in the country can be benefited from these results in the context of policy implementation. This study recommends that to boosting up the economic growth in the context of Bangladesh, the inflation rate can be treated as a significant determination.
The Exemplarity of Particulars: Arendt on Validity
Authors: Blumenthal-Barby Martin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
When Hannah Arendt delivered her Lectures on Kant’s Political Philosophy at the New School for Social Research in 1970, she held a seminar on Kant’s Critique of Judgment to explore aspects of her lecture course in greater detail. This essay probes Arendt’s seminar notes with an eye to the concept of ‘exemplary validity,’ which is at the core of her theory of judgment. Notably, her analysis repeatedly draws on the force of examples, that is, the force of ‘exemplary validity.’ Her theorization of judgment, itself inevitably subject to her own judgment, can be understood as an enactment of and commentary on the very matter she discusses. It is not by chance but rather symptomatic that her argumentation is permeated by strategically placed examples that seek to persuade us by dint of their exemplary validity.
Verfahren zur Synchronisation betriebsparalleler Simulationen durch Online-Parameterschätzung
Authors: Zipper Holger 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Bedeutung von Simulation im industriellen Umfeld nimmt stetig zu. Durch Entwicklungen im Rahmen des digitalen Zwillings rückt zunehmend die betriebsparallele Simulation in den Fokus. Damit lassen sich Szenarien wie die Online-Optimierung von Durchlaufzeiten oder die Fehlerdetektion realisieren. Eine Herausforderung der betriebsparallelen Simulation ist jedoch der Umgang mit Abweichungen der Simulationsmodelle von der industriellen Anlage, welche nicht nur Aufgrund von vereinfachenden Annahmen während der Modellierung auftreten, sondern auch durch Alterung oder Umbau der industriellen Anlage entstehen. Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich daher mit der Entwicklung der Zustandssynchronisierung, welche eine betriebsparallele Simulation an eine industrielle Anlage kontinuierlich angleicht.
Open research issues on management of industrial wireless sensor systems applied to process automation
Authors: Feldman Max , Cainelli Gustavo P. , Künzel Gustavo , Müller Ivan , Pereira Carlos E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIndustrial wireless networks are a key technology for the implementation of the Industry 4.0 concepts. Due to its advantages in relation to wired networks, such as flexibility and low cost of installation, these networks are gaining momentum in the recent years. Wireless networks are becoming even more attractive for industrial applications and consequently an increase is expected in the number of wireless devices connected to industrial applications. As a result, efficient network management becomes even more relevant, and consequently new techniques are necessary to cope with new demands. Network management tasks, such as routing, scheduling, coexistence awareness, and mobility, have been in focus of scientific community. However, several important research questions remain open. This paper presents recent works on industrial wireless networks management techniques in addition with the presentation of open research issues.
An iterative approximation of common solutions of split generalized vector mixed equilibrium problem and some certain optimization problems
Authors: Mewomo Oluwatosin T. , Oyewole Olawale K. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study the problem of finding a common solution of split generalized vector mixed equlibrium problem (SGVMEP), fixed point problem (FPP) and variational inequality problem (VIP). We propose an inertial-type iterative algorithm, which uses a projection onto a feasible set and a linesearch, which can be easily calculated. We prove a strong convergence of the sequence generated by the proposed algorithm to a common solution of SGVMEP, fixed point of a quasi-

ϕ

\phi

-nonexpansive mapping and VIP for a general class of monotone mapping in 2-uniformly convex and uniformly smooth Banach space

E

1

{E}_{1}

and a smooth, strictly convex and reflexive Banach space

E

2

{E}_{2}

. Some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the performance of our method. Our result improves some existing results in the literature.
Stability analysis of fractional order SEIR model for malaria disease in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Badshah Noor , Akbar Haji 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We discussed stability analysis of susceptible-exposed-infectious-removed (SEIR) model for malaria disease through fractional order and check that malaria is epidemic or endemic in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan). We show that the model has two types of equilibrium points and check their stability through Routh-Hurwitz criterion. We find basic reproductive number using next-generation method. Finally, numerical simulations are also presented.
Critical Galton–Watson Processes with Overlapping Generations
Authors: Sagitov Serik 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA properly scaled critical Galton–Watson process converges to a continuous state critical branching processξ⁢(⋅)\xi(\,{\cdot}\,)as the number of initial individuals tends to infinity. We extend this classical result by allowing for overlapping generations and considering a wide class of population counts. The main result of the paper establishes a convergence of the finite-dimensional distributions for a scaled vector of multiple population counts. The set of the limiting distributions is conveniently represented in terms of integrals (∫0yξ⁢(y-u)⁢duγ\int_{0}^{y}\xi(y-u)\,du^{\gamma},y≥0y\geq 0) with a pertinentγ≥0\gamma\geq 0.
Positive periodic solutions to the forced non-autonomous Duffing equations
Authors: Šremr Jiří 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We study the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions to the periodic problem for a forced non-autonomous Duffing equation

u
′′

=

p
⁢

(
t
)

⁢
u

-

h
⁢

(
t
)

⁢

|
u
|

λ

⁢

sgn
⁡
u

+

f
⁢

(
t
)

;

u
⁢

(
0
)

=

u
⁢

(
ω
)

,

u
′

⁢

(
0
)

=

u
′

⁢

(
ω
)

,

u^{\prime\prime}=p(t)u-h(t)\lvert u\rvert^{\lambda}\operatorname{sgn}u+f(t);\quad u(0)=u(\omega),\ u^{\prime}(0)=u^{\prime}(\omega),

where

p
,
h
,
f

∈

L
⁢

(

[
0
,
ω
]

)

p,h,f\in L([0,\omega])

and

λ
>
1

\lambda>1

.
The obtained results are compared with the results known for the equations with constant coefficients.
Adaptive space–time finite element methods for parabolic optimal control problems
Authors: Langer Ulrich , Schafelner Andreas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe present, analyze, and test locally stabilized space–time finite element methods on fully unstructured simplicial space–time meshes for the numerical solution of space–time tracking parabolic optimal control problems with the standardL2-regularization.We derive a priori discretization error estimates in terms of the local mesh-sizes for shape-regular meshes. The adaptive version is driven by local residual error indicators, or, alternatively, by local error indicators derived from a new functional a posteriori error estimator. The latter provides a guaranteed upper bound of the error, but is more costly than the residual error indicators. We perform numerical tests for benchmark examples having different features. In particular, we consider a discontinuous target in form of a first expanding and then contracting ball in 3d that is fixed in the 4d space– time cylinder.
Magnetized couple stress fluid flow past a vertical cylinder under thermal radiation and viscous dissipation effects
Authors: Palaiah Suresha Suraiah , Basha Hussain , Reddy Gudala Janardhana 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Contemporary investigation studies the silent features of the dissipative free convection couple stress fluid flow over a cylinder under the action of magnetic field, thermal radiation and porous medium with chemical reaction effect. Present two-dimensional viscous incompressible physical model is designed based on the considered flow geometry. Present physical problem gives the highly complicated nonlinear coupled partial differential equations (PDE's) which are not amenable to any of the known techniques. Thus, unconditionally stable, most accurate and speed converging with flexible finite difference implicit technique is utilized to simplify the dimensionless flow field equations. It is apparent from the current results that; the velocity profiles are diminished with enhancing values of magnetic field. Temperature profile increases with enhancing values of thermal radiation parameter. Velocity contours deviates away from the wall with enhancing magnetic parameter. Also, the effects of magnetic field, porous medium, thermal radiation, chemical reaction, buoyancy ratio parameter and Eckert number on couple stress flow velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are studied. However, the present study has good number of applications in the various fields of engineering such as; polymer processing, solidification of liquid crystals, colloidal solutions, synovial joints, geophysics, chemical engineering, astrophysics and nuclear reactors etc. Finally, the current solutions are validated with the available results in the literature review and found to be in good agreement.
Two-scale haemodynamic modelling for patients with Fontan circulation
Authors: Dobroserdova Tatiana K. , Vassilevski Yuri V. , Simakov Sergey S. , Gamilov Timur M. , Svobodov Andrey A. , Yurpolskaya Lyudmila A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Palliation of congenital single ventricle heart defects suggests multi-stage surgical interventions that divert blood flow from the inferior and superior vena cava directly to the right and left pulmonary arteries, skipping the right ventricle. Such system with cavopulmonary anastomoses and single left ventricle is called Fontan circulation, and the region of reconnection is called the total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). Computational blood flow models allow clinicians to predict the results of the Fontan operation, to choose an optimal configuration of TCPC and thus to reduce negative postoperative consequences. We propose a two-scale (1D3D) haemodynamic model of systemic circulation for a patient who has underwent Fontan surgical operation. We use CT and 4D flow MRI data to personalize the model. The model is tuned to patient’s data and is able to represent measured time-averaged flow rates at the inlets and outlets of TCPC, as well as pressure in TCPC for the patient in horizontal position.We demonstrate that changing to quiescent standing position leads to other patterns of blood flow in regional (TCPC) and global haemodynamics. This confirms clinical data on exercise intolerance of Fontan patients.
Neural Presbyacusis in Humans Inferred from Age-Related Differences in Auditory Nerve Function and Structure
Authors: Harris Kelly C. , Ahlstrom Jayne B. , Dias James W. , Kerouac Lilyana B. , McClaskey Carolyn M. , Dubno Judy R. , Eckert Mark. A. 
Published: November 2021

A common complaint of older adults is difficulty understanding speech, particularly in challenging listening conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests that these difficulties may reflect a loss and/or dysfunction of auditory nerve (AN) fibers. We used a novel approach to study age-related changes in AN structure and several measures of AN function, including neural synchrony, in 58 older adults and 42 younger adults. AN activity was measured in response to an auditory click (compound action potential; CAP), presented at stimulus levels ranging from 70 to 110 dB pSPL. Poorer AN function was observed for older than younger adults across CAP measures at higher but not lower stimulus levels. Associations across metrics and stimulus levels were consistent with age-related AN disengagement and AN dyssynchrony. High-resolution T2-weighted structural imaging revealed age-related differences in the density of cranial nerve VIII, with lower density in older adults with poorer neural synchrony. Individual differences in neural synchrony were the strongest predictor of speech recognition, such that poorer synchrony predicted poorer recognition of time-compressed speech and poorer speech recognition in noise for both younger and older adults. These results have broad clinical implications and are consistent with an interpretation that age-related atrophy at the level of the AN contributes to poorer neural synchrony and may explain some of the perceptual difficulties of older adults.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDifferences in auditory nerve (AN) pathophysiology may contribute to the large variations in hearing and communication abilities of older adults. However, current diagnostics focus largely on the increase in detection thresholds, which is likely because of the absence of indirect measures of AN function in standard clinical test batteries. Using novel metrics of AN function, combined with estimates of AN structure and auditory function, we identified age-related differences across measures that we interpret to represent age-related reductions in AN engagement and poorer neural synchrony. Structure-function associations are consistent with an explanation of AN deficits that arise from age-related atrophy of the AN. Associations between neural synchrony and speech recognition suggest that individual and age-related deficits in neural synchrony contribute to speech recognition deficits.