bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Critical COVID-19 Adjuvant Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dilogo Ismail Hadisoebroto , Aditianingsih Dita , Sugiarto Adhrie , Burhan Erlina , Damayanti Triya , Sitompul Pompini Agustina , Mariana Nina , Antarianto Radiana D. , Liem Isabella Kurnia , Kispa Tera , Mujadid Fajar , Novialdi Novialdi , Luviah Evah , Kurniawati Tri , Lubis Andri M.T. , Rahmatika Dina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

One of the main causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is cytokine storm, although the exact cause is still unknown. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) influence proinflammatory T-helper 2 (Th2) cells to shift to an anti-inflammatory agent. To investigate efficacy of UC-MSC administration as adjuvant therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19, we conducted a double-blind, multicentered, randomized controlled trial at four COVID-19 referral hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia. This study included 40 randomly allocated critically ill patients with COVID-19; 20 patients received an intravenous infusion of 1 × 106/kg body weight UC-MSCs in 100 ml saline (0.9%) solution (SS) and 20 patients received 100 ml 0.9% SS as the control group. All patients received standard therapy. The primary outcome was measured by survival rate and/or length of ventilator usage. The secondary outcome was measured by clinical and laboratory improvement, with serious adverse events. Our study showed the survival rate in the UC-MSCs group was 2.5 times higher than that in the control group (P = .047), which is 10 patients and 4 patients in the UC-MSCs and control groups, respectively. In patients with comorbidities, UC-MSC administration increased the survival rate by 4.5 times compared with controls. The length of stay in the intensive care unit and ventilator usage were not statistically significant, and no adverse events were reported. The application of infusion UC-MSCs significantly decreased interleukin 6 in the recovered patients (P = .023). Therefore, application of intravenous UC-MSCs as adjuvant treatment for critically ill patients with COVID-19 increases the survival rate by modulating the immune system toward an anti-inflammatory state.
A Smart Patch with On‐Demand Detachable Adhesion for Bioelectronics
Authors: Shi Xiaofang , Wu Peiyi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA smart ionic skin patch with on‐demand detachable adhesion has been developed as human–machine interface for physiological signal monitoring. In spite of the multifunctions demonstrated by existing ionic skin, it is still difficult to distinguish different signals simultaneously. Moreover, the secondary damages to the tissues are often overlooked when the adhesive materials are removing from the wound. Herein, a multifunctional biomimetic hydrogel with temperature, mechanical, electrical, and pH response is developed. This hydrogel is designed by in situ polymerizing of hydrophilic anion monomers in a natural cationic polysaccharide to construct multifunctional biomimetic ionic channel. Due to the reversible physical cross‐linked network and thermosensitivity, the mechanical properties, adhesion, and visual effect of the hydrogel can be tuned by changing hydrogen bonding density via phase transition, thus making it an excellent biosafe material for wearable device. The hydrogel is utilized as skin patch intended for monitoring physiological signals stimulated by physical and chemical changes involving pressure, temperature, pH value, and electrocardiograph. Especially, this ionic skin patch can recognize temperature change signals precisely either in broad or extremely narrow temperature range. This smart skin patch can even recognize the pressure and temperature signals in real time and differentiate the signals simultaneously.
Using Published Information to Predict Consumption by Northern Snakehead in Maryland
Authors: Love Joseph W. , Newhard Joshua J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Northern Snakehead Channa argus, a species originating from Asia, was illegally introduced into ponds of Maryland in 2002. Later discovered in tidal freshwater of the Potomac River, the species has become successfully established in many Maryland rivers. The magnitude of impact on preferred prey of Northern Snakehead in North American ecosystems has not been widely studied, leaving unresolved whether there are deleterious effects owed to introduction. To add insight into potential impacts of Northern Snakeheads, we calibrated a published, temperature‐dependent maximum consumption model using field data and informed its results with diet and prey preference data to compare consumption levels among prey species. The total annual maximum consumption estimated from the model for a population of 600 Northern Snakeheads, which is an abundance approximated from published population sizes in streams of the Potomac basin, amounted to consumption of 2,189 kg of fish for the population per year. We found no evidence of strong prey preferences and partitioned this consumption to relative proportions of some fishes preyed on by Northern Snakehead as 661 kg/year of sunfishes Lepomis spp., 522 kg/year of Yellow Perch Perca flavescens, 332 kg/year of Goldfish Carassius auratus, 250 kg/year of White Perch Morone americana, and 174 kg/year of Banded Killifish Fundulus diaphanus. Some of these coastal fishes comprise important recreational and commercial fisheries. The maximum consumption estimates modeled here are greater than would be observed naturally, and whether predation affects persistence of the prey species in the ecosystem will depend upon the resiliency of the prey population and its current population size, which are unknown. We conclude that, as indicated by earlier risk assessments, the Northern Snakehead is an important predator in Maryland ecosystems because it is opportunistic and is capable of consuming significant biomasses of several recreationally and commercially important fish species.
Nonnative Pike Killifish Do Not Exert Predatory Pressure on Juvenile Common Snook
Authors: Smith Geoffrey H. , Murie Debra J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Pike Killifish Belonesox belizanus is an established nonnative fish species that was first documented in south Florida, USA, in 1957 and secondarily in Tampa Bay tidal tributaries in 1994. Decreased abundance and altered size structure in small‐bodied fish populations have been linked to Pike Killifish introductions in both of these regions. Increases in the range and abundance of Pike Killifish in Tampa Bay waters and overlap in habitat usage with juvenile Common Snook Centropomus undecimalis have led to concerns about potential predation on early juvenile (≤125 mm TL) Common Snook. We investigated predation of Pike Killifish on early juvenile Common Snook through experimental predation trials and stomach content analysis of Pike Killifish from field sampling. During predation trials, fasted, large adult (≥104 mm TL) Pike Killifish were presented with one of three prey taxa: Common Snook (N = 139), Pike Killifish conspecifics (N = 68), and Eastern Mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki (N = 68); the fate of the prey was recorded after 48 h. Common Snook with both intact (N = 70) and clipped (N = 69) anal spines were used as prey to investigate whether this structure deterred predation by Pike Killifish. Predation trials indicated that Pike Killifish were capable of consuming early juvenile Common Snook up to 60 mm TL and that the anal spine did not deter predation by Pike Killifish. Stomach content analysis was performed on 422 wild‐caught Pike Killifish from Tampa Bay tidal tributaries where early juvenile Common Snook co‐occurred, but no Common Snook remains were found in their diets. Combined, these studies indicate that despite being able to consume relatively large early juvenile Common Snook, Pike Killifish do not exert predatory pressure on early juvenile Common Snook in the wild and therefore do not appear to be a factor contributing to population‐level effects or delayed recovery in Common Snook populations.
Thiomers of Chitosan and Cellulose: Effective Biosorbents for Detection, Removal and Recovery of Metal Ions from Aqueous Medium
Authors: Seidi Farzad , Reza Saeb Mohammad , Huang Yang , Akbari Ali , Xiao Huining 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRemoval of toxic metal ions using adsorbents is a well‐known strategy for water treatment. While chitosan and cellulose can adsorb weakly some types of metals, incorporating thiols as metal chelating agents can improve their sorption behaviors significantly. Presented in this review are the various chemical modification strategies applicable for thiolation of chitosan and cellulose in the forms of mercaptans, xanthates and dithiocarbamates. Moreover, much attention has been paid to the specific strategies for controlling the thiolation degree and characterization approaches for establishing the structure‐property relationship. Also, the kinetics and isotherm models that elucidate the adsorption processes and mechanisms induced by the thiomers have been explained. These thiomers have found great potentials in the applications associated with metal removal, metal recovery and metal detection.
Electrochemistry of Quinones with Respect to their Role in Biomedical Chemistry
Authors: Krayz Galia Temtsin , Bittner Shmuel , Dhiman Anand , Becker James Y. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractQuinones are ubiquitous in nature and form one of the largest class of antitumor agents approved for clinical use. They are known to be efficient in inhibiting cancer cells growth. Under physiological conditions they can undergo non‐enzymatic one‐electron reduction to give the moderately toxic species of semiquinone radical‐anion. Thus, electrochemical study of quinones might provide a basic knowledge on semi‐quinone radicals formation in both in vivo and in vitro under different media. Several processes are outlined briefly and discussed in the present article. Previously we investigated the electrochemical and spectral properties of ω‐N‐quinonyl amino acids. Such quinone‐bearing peptides are known to be cytotoxic and of potential clinical significance. We were able to prove that the ω‐amino quinonyl compounds are very effective in producing stable semiquinone radicals. Moreover, a direct relation was found between the first reduction potentials of the quinonyl moiety and their reactivity towards the ω‐amino acids. In order to increase our knowledge of such amino quinonyl compounds and enlarge the arsenal of such cytotoxic compounds, a series of N,N‐diquinonyl amines (1–6) bearing an internal proton (stems from the NH moiety) were synthesized. Their electron‐transfer capabilities were probed by cyclic voltammetry measurements, in dichloromethane. It was found that the acidic NH group linking the two quinonyl moieties undergoes an initial electrochemical reduction step and generates a nitride anion. This step is followed by further reductions to yield quasi‐stable semiquinone radicals and polyanions, Since these acidic diquinones (1–6) serve also as a source of internal proton donors even in non‐polar medium, they might cause protonation of basic radical‐anions and polyanion intermediates during the various electrochemical stages. The processes are demonstrated and discussed by analyzing different mechanistic schemes. The successful generation of relatively stable semiquinone radicals is a prerequisite for the manifestation of site directed antitumor activity by these bis‐quinonyl amino derivatives. Based on the values of their redox potentials some of them could be promising candidates for clinical development.
Fe‐Catalysed Coupling Reactions Between Alkynes and Alcohols
Authors: Khan Siddique , Baire Beeraiah 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this review, we discussed about the synthetic developments in the field of Fe‐catalysis for the formation of ‐ bonds through the coupling of alkynes and alcohols, for the period of 13 years (2008‐2020). These strategies fulfil important Green Chemistry principles, as they are highly atom economic (up to 100 %), no toxic by‐products (only water), employs highly abundant and low toxic alcohols (no need for any pre‐functionalization hence step economy) and cheaper Fe‐catalysts. Having these advantages, one can predict that in the coming years a large number of fascinating new iron‐catalyzed reactions will be developed for the organic synthesis. We hope that this review article will be highly useful for the synthetic community to design and develop new Fe‐catalyzed coupling reactions and keeps the content in the right prospect.
A Study on the Configuration of Low‐Voltage Distribution Networks for High Penetration of Photovoltaic Power Sources
Authors: Noriyuki Hiroki , Zoka Yoshifumi , Yorino Naoto , Sasaki Yutaka , Fukuba Shinya , Shoji Tomoaki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn recent years, massive introduction of photovoltaic power sources (PV) has compounded the problem of voltage fluctuation in distribution networks. The problem has been recognized from early on, and many research studies have been already reported. However, majority of the previous studies focused on high‐voltage distribution networks. Hence, in this study, the authors investigated appropriate configurations for low‐voltage distribution networks in Japan to address the problem as a planning problem. The on‐site practical measures were examined, and by means of the obtained knowledge, a network configuration problem was formulated for low‐voltage networks. In addition, an effective solution method is proposed, based on the priorities of measures applied to the network equipment. Numerical simulations were conducted for verifying the performance of the proposed method, wherein corroborative results were obtained. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Entry points and trajectories: Teachers learning and doing translanguaging pedagogy
Authors: David Samuel S. , Shepard‐Carey Leah , Swearingen Amanda J. , Hemsath Dustin J. , Heo Saem 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis qualitative study investigated seven teachers participating in a professional development (PD) series on translanguaging pedagogies. The purpose was to better understand how teachers adapted translanguaging strategies into their classroom practice and how they perceived challenges and benefits of these approaches. Analysis of PD videos, interviews, and artifacts revealed teachers enacted a range of strategies from spontaneous to meticulously planned translingual scaffolding. The researchers explore two strategies in detail—multilingual word walls and literature discussion groups—with implications for teacher learning of translanguaging pedagogies. Reported benefits included student engagement and collaboration, and expansion of teachers’ knowledge about students. Reported challenges included integrating translanguaging strategies into established routines, responding to a range of languages and language proficiencies, and negotiating administrative pressure to focus on other priorities. The study builds on these findings to develop notions of entry points and trajectories. Entry point strategies not only create opportunities for students to use their full linguistic repertoires during instruction, but help teachers think more deeply about students’ multilingualism and the relationships between academic English and students’ specific home and community languages. Trajectories describe how translanguaging practice develops from early attempts at enacting specific strategies to robust commitments to translanguaging praxis.
Ochratoxin A induces human kidney tubular epithelial cell apoptosis through regulating lipid raft/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Song Yanyan , Liu Wei , Zhao Yao , Zang Junting , Gao Hang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOchratoxin A (OTA) is a fungal toxin that causes serious threat to human health. OTA could lead to the injury of various tissues, especially kidney injury. However, the toxic effects of OTA on human kidney tubular epithelial cell (HK‐2) and the possible mechanism remains poorly understood. This study was to investigate the toxic effects of OTA on HK‐2 and elucidate the molecular mechanism. HK‐2 cells were treated OTA to evaluate the effect of OTA on cell viability and apoptosis. OTA inhibited the growth of HK‐2 in a concentration‐dependent manner. With the concentration increased, OTA significantly lead to the apoptosis of HK‐2. OTA could increase the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities were decreased by OTA. Furthermore, OTA increased Caspase‐3 and Bax expression and decreased BCL2 expression. Compared to the control group, the expression of PTEN was increased and the expression of PI3K and AKT were decreased in OTA treated groups. In addition, we found OTA could disrupt the formation of lipid raft by attenuating sphingomyelin and cholesterol levels. In conclusion, our results indicated that OTA induces apoptosis in HK‐2 through regulating PTEN/AKT signaling pathway via disrupting lipid raft formation.
Genetic dissection of natural variation in oilseed traits of camelina by whole‐genome resequencing and QTL mapping
Authors: Li Huang , Hu Xiao , Lovell John T. , Grabowski Paul P. , Mamidi Sujan , Chen Cindy , Amirebrahimi Mojgan , Kahanda Indika , Mumey Brendan , Barry Kerrie , Kudrna David , Schmutz Jeremy , Lachowiec Jennifer , Lu Chaofu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCamelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] is an oilseed crop in the Brassicaceae family that is currently being developed as a source of bioenergy and healthy fatty acids. To facilitate modern breeding efforts through marker‐assisted selection and biotechnology, we evaluated genetic variation among a worldwide collection of 222 camelina accessions. We performed whole‐genome resequencing to obtain single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and to analyze genomic diversity. We also conducted phenotypic field evaluations in two consecutive seasons for variations in key agronomic traits related to oilseed production such as seed size, oil content (OC), fatty acid composition, and flowering time. We determined the population structure of the camelina accessions using 161,301 SNPs. Further, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes controlling the above field‐evaluated traits by genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) complemented with linkage mapping using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. Characterization of the natural variation at the genome and phenotypic levels provides valuable resources to camelina genetic studies and crop improvement. The QTL and candidate genes should assist in breeding of advanced camelina varieties that can be integrated into the cropping systems for the production of high yield of oils of desired fatty acid composition.
Prognosis of variceal and non‐variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in already hospitalised patients: Results from a French prospective cohort
Authors: EL Hajj Weam , Quentin Vincent , Boudoux D'Hautefeuille Gaelle , Vandamme Helene , Berger Chantal , Moussaoui Mohammed Redha , Berete Aliou , Louvel Dominique , Bertolino Jean Guy , Cuillerier Emmanuel , Thiebault Quentin , Arondel Yves , Grimbert Sylvie , Le Guillou Brigitte , Borel Isabelle , Lahmek Pierre , Nahon Stéphane ,   ANGH for the SANGHRIA Study Group
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesPatients who develop upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) while in hospital appear to have a poor prognosis. Our study aims at analysing the difference in outcome between in‐patients (IPs) and out‐patients presenting with variceal and non‐variceal UGIB.MethodsWe conducted a multicentre prospective study by collecting data about variceal and non‐variceal UGIB cases through 46 hospitals in France between November 2017 and October 2018. We then compared baseline demographic features, endoscopic findings and outcome between patients who developed variceal and non‐variceal UGIB on admission (OPs) and those at least 24 h after hospitalisation (IPs). Our primary end‐point was mortality and re‐bleeding rates at 6 weeks of bleeding onset.ResultsA total of 2498 UGIB cases were identified, of whom 634 (25.4%) occurred in IPs. IPs were older than OPs (72.5 vs. 67.2 years old, p < 0.001) and had a higher rate of comorbidities (38.9% vs. 26.6%, p < 0.0001). Their bleeding was more severe with a Rockall score of >5 present in 40.9% (vs. 30.3% in OPs, p < 0.0001). The 6‐week mortality rate was significantly higher in IPs when compared to OPs (21.7% vs. 8%, p < 0.0001). Prothrombin time <50% and rebleeding were the only independent predictors of mortality (p = 0.001 and 0.003, respectively). Six‐week rebleeding occurred more frequently among IPs (18.6% vs. 14.4%, p = 0.015) and predictors included female sex, active bleeding upon endoscopy and a Blatchford score >11 (p = 0.017, 0.011 and 0.008, respectively).ConclusionIPs who develop variceal and non‐variceal UGIB are more likely to be elderly with more comorbidities. They have a higher rate of mortality and rebleeding. Independent predictors of mortality were underlying coagulopathy and bleeding recurrence. An optimal bleeding management and efficient rebleeding prevention may improve outcome in these patients.
Family doctors to connect global concerns due to climate change with local actions: State‐of‐the art and some proposals
Authors: Lauriola Paolo , Serafini Alice , Santamaria Mariagrazia , Guicciardi Stefano , Kurotschka Peter K. , Leonardi Giovanni S. , Zeka Ariana , Segredo Evelyn , Bassi Maria C. , Gokdemir Ozden , de Tommasi Francesco , Vinci Emanuele , Romizi Roberto , McGushin Alice , Barros Enrique , Abelsohn Alan , Pegoraro Samantha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractClimate change (CC) is the most challenging environmental health (EH) concern. Air pollution is closely linked to CC. However, many CC‐health‐related conditions (i.e., allergic diseases, asthma, hypertension, fluid and electrolyte disorders, child and adult obesity, type 2 diabetes, vector‐borne diseases) are not usually counted, either because they do not cause death or require hospital admission/emergency triage. They are the vast majority of health care seeking generally treated by family doctors (FDs) and family pediatricians (FPs). FDs/FPs are often not aware of CC‐health‐impacts. Their potential role in tackling such a global challenge through their local influence on individual and collective attitudes and policies is not considered. Proper FD training could fill these gaps, raise awareness of their role, and implement EH FDs/FPs‐based surveillance networks to collect, analyze, interpret, and report EH data to inform EH‐related Policy. FDs and FPs, organized in sentinel physicians' networks, could play a key role in advising policymakers at the local and regional level in designing interventions adapted to climate‐related issues. Such experiences are rare worldwide and not well known. We will describe and discuss them in detail to share successful local examples.