bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart Rate Variability and Respiratory Muscle Strength in Patients With
Type II Diabetes Practicing Pilates: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Gouveia Samara Sousa Vasconcelos , de Morais Gouveia Guilherme Pertinni , Souza Leydnaya Maria , da Costa Bruno Cunha , Sousa Gustavo Henrique Melo , Pinho Vanádia Almeida , Vasconcelos Samila Sousa , Dos Santos Souza Antonia Tainara , da Silva Lopes Thamires , Pinheiro Luiz Gonzaga Porto 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
This study aimed to analyze the effect of a Pilates protocol on respiratory muscle
strength and heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Method:
A randomized clinical trial (RBR-2gc2qj) was conducted on a type 2 diabetic target population.
Patients practiced the Pilates protocol for 8 weeks, with two visits per week. The variables
tested were maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and HRV
(time and frequency domains). All variables were tested for normal distribution. Using SPSS 21.0,
analysis of variance was performed for variables with normal distribution, and the Wilcoxon and
Friedman tests were used for variables that did not show a normal distribution, with a 5% significance
level.

Results:
Forty-four participants were included in the study (intervention group: 22; control group:
22; mean age: 61.23 ± 8.49 years), most of whom were female (77.3%), married or in a consensual
union (59.1%), had complete literacy (31.8%), and had an average body mass index of 26.96 ±
4.35 kg/m2. There were no significant differences in MIP and MEP before and after the protocol between
the intervention and control groups. Regarding HRV, there were significant differences in
autonomic modulation, especially between the moments before and during exercise and between
the moments during and after exercise; however, it was not possible to determine which system
(sympathetic or parasympathetic) is most involved in these changes.

Conclusion:
The exercise protocol based on the Pilates method did not alter respiratory muscle
strength but promoted changes in HRV, especially between the moments before and during exercise
and during and after exercise.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:
RBR-2gc2qj.
Controlled Growth of Indium Oxide Nanowires for Gas Sensing Application
Authors: Van Duy Nguyen , Duc Hoa Nguyen , Ngoc Son Dang 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The In2O3 nanowires have attracted enormous attention for gas sensor application
due to their advantageous features. However, the controlled synthesis of In2O3 nanowires
for gas sensors is vital and challenging because the gas sensing performance of the nanowires is
strongly dependent on their characteristics.

Methods:
Here, we fabricated In2O3 nanowires on SiO2/Si substrate via a simple thermal vapor deposition
method with the Au thin film as the catalyst. The growth temperatures were controlled to obtain
desired nanowires of small size. The grown In2O3 nanowires were characterized by scanning
electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The ethanol gas
sensing properties were tested under the dynamic flow of dry air and analytic gas. The synthesized
In2O3 nanowires have the potential for use in ethanol gas sensor application.

Results:
In2O3 nanostructures grown at different temperatures ranging from 600 to 900oC have different
morphologies. The sample grown at 600oC had a morphology of nanowire, with a diameter of
approximately 80 nm and a length of few micrometers. Nanowires grown at 600°C were composed
of oxygen (O) and indium (In) elements, with the atomic ratio of [O]/[In] = 3/5. The nanowire was a
single phase cubic structure of In2O3 crystal. The In2O3 nanowire sensor showed typical n-type semiconducting
sensing properties. The response decreased from 130 to 75 at 100 ppm when the working
temperature decreased from 450°C to 350 °C.

Conclusion:
The nanowires grown at 600°C by the thermal vapor deposition method had the best
morphology with a small diameter of about 80 nm and a length of few micrometers. The In2O3 nanowires
had a good ability to sense ethanol at varying concentrations in the range of 20 ppm to 100
ppm. The In2O3 nanowires can be used as building blocks for future nanoscale gas sensors.
Association of N-acetyltransferase-2 Polymorphism with Antituberculosis
Induced Hepatotoxicity: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Noor Nur Farhana Mohamed , Kek Teh Lay , Zim Mohd Arif Mohd , Bakar Zamzurina Abu , Zakaria Noor Izyani , Lailanor Muhammad Imran , Salleh Mohd Zaki 
Published: October 2021

Background:
N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) polymorphisms were reported to play important roles in antituberculosis-induced hepatotoxicity (ATDIH). However, the allelic types with increased risks for ATDIH were inconsistent as most studies are of a small sample size.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to conduct a meta-analysis to identify NAT2 alleles associated with increased risks of ATDIH.

Methods:
Studies reported on NAT2 polymorphism with the risk of ATDIH were searched systematically in PubMed, Scopus, and the World of Sciences. Studies were included if they fulfilled the inclusion criteria and excluded accordingly. Quality assessments were done using Newcastle-Ottawa Score. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager version 5.3. Cochrane Q-statistic test and I2 statistic were used to assess and quantify heterogeneity.

Results:
A total of 12 studies involving 580 cases and 3129 controls were included. NAT2 polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of ATDIH with an odd ratio (OR) of 2.76 (1.86 – 4.10, 95% CI). Among the slow acetylators genotypes, NAT2*5/*7 carry the highest risk associated with ATDIH.

Conclusion:
NAT2 polymorphism was significantly associated with ATDIH.
Aprendiendo reacciones químicas en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Pozuelo Muñoz Jorge 
Published: October 2021

<p>Las actividades prácticas son una parte fundamental en la enseñanza de la química. Sin embargo,en un curso como es el último de instituto, no siempre se puede visitar el laboratorio habitualmente. En España, en los cursos 2019-2020 y 2020-21, con la suspensión de las clases presenciales y posterior recomendación de no uso del laboratorio en los institutos, la actividad práctica se ha reducido en su mayor parte. En este artículo se describe una actividad en la que el alumnado preparó y grabó en vídeo actividades experimentales simples sobre reacciones químicas en casa con materiales de uso común, para después visualizarlo y debatirlo entre todos, compartiendo así experiencias prácticas que enriquecieron el contexto formativo de los alumnos en tiempo de pandemia. </p>
Aplicabilidade e contribuições das rubricas na avaliação da competência comunicativa em línguas: reflexões à luz da perspectiva crítica e emancipatória
Authors: Weirich da Silva Coelho Iandra Maria 
Published: October 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a importância do uso das rubricas como potenciais ferramentas para a avaliação do desenvolvimento da competência comunicativa em línguas adicionais. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolvem uma pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa e uso do método da análise de conteúdo, a fim de investigar as principais contribuições dessas ferramentas, à luz da perspectiva teórica crítico-emancipatória. Os resultados dessa discussão ressaltam a rubrica como um instrumento dinâmico que pode auxiliar docentes e estudantes na identificação das aprendizagens e gerenciamento das informações, realização de feedback e autorregulação dos desempenhos alcançados, desenvolvimento da reflexão crítica e da autonomia em uma perspectiva democrática e emancipatória.
Evaluation of an automated superimposition method based on multiple landmarks for growing patients
Authors: Kim Min-Gyu , Moon Jun-Ho , Hwang Hye-Won , Cho Sung Joo , Donatelli Richard E. , Lee Shin-Jae 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To determine if an automated superimposition method using six landmarks (Sella, Nasion, Porion, Orbitale, Basion, and Pterygoid) would be more suitable than the traditional Sella-Nasion (SN) method to evaluate growth changes.

Materials and Methods
Serial lateral cephalograms at an average interval of 2.7 years were taken on 268 growing children who had not undergone orthodontic treatment. The T1 and T2 lateral images were manually traced. Three different superimposition methods: Björk's structural method, conventional SN, and the multiple landmark (ML) superimposition methods were applied. Bjork's structural method was used as the gold standard. Comparisons among the superimposition methods were carried out by measuring the linear distances between Anterior Nasal Spine, point A, point B, and Pogonion using each superimposition method. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors that could affect the accuracy of the superimpositions.

Results
The ML superimposition method demonstrated smaller differences from Björk's method than the conventional SN method did. Greater differences among the cephalometric landmarks tested resulted when: the designated point was farther from the cranial base, the T1 age was older, and the more time elapsed between T1 and T2.

Conclusions
From the results of this study in growing patients, the ML superimposition method seems to be more similar to Björk's structural method than the SN superimposition method. A major advantage of the ML method is likely to be that it can be applied automatically and may be just as reliable as manual superimposition methods.
دور العلاقات العامة في إدارة التسويق
Authors: Kakashekh Hardawan M. , Ali Hoshyar M. 
Published: October 2021

حظي موضوع العلاقات العامة أهتمام الباحثون وعلماء الادارة والتسویق وذلك لمواكبة التطورات المتسارعة في اطار الاعمال والذي یعد من السمات الممیزة للادارات في الالفیة الجدیدة لتحقیق اهدافها التسویقیة. تتبلور مشكلة البحث في افتقار معرفة ادارة الشركات بدور العلاقات العامة في التواصل الجماهیري ورسم الصورة الایجابیة للشركة وتحقیق الاهداف التسویقیة الناجحة .ويهدف البحث الى إثارة انتباه إدارة الشركات على الكیفیة التي یمكن من خلالها التفعیل الاتصال الجماهیري لتحقیق عملية التسویق الناجحة، وسعى الباحثون الى تضمین البحث الحالي ضمن اطار نظري وكذلك التحلیل الوصفي. وتوصل الباحثون الى مجموعة من التوصیات ابرزها توسیع وتعمیق الاعتماد على العلاقات العامة من قبل ادارة الشركة مما یسهم بشكل فاعل في حصول الشركة على اهدافها التسویقیة، وكذلك ان تاثير العلاقات العامة في إدارة التسويق هو تاثير مباشر لان إدارة التسويق هي نمط متاثر بإدارة منظومة العلاقات العامة.
اعتماد الشباب الجامعي على الاخبار في الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية ‏
Authors: Ramazan Omar A. 
Published: October 2021

تهدف هذه الدراسة الى التعرف على مدى اعتماد الشباب الجامعي على الاخبار المنشورة و الاثار المتحققة جراء هذا الاعتماد، ولتحقيق ذلك اعتمدت الدراسة الحالية على المنهج المسحي عبر الاستبانة فضلا عن استخدام الوسائل الاحصائية واختبار العلاقات الارتباطية.يتكون مجتمع الدراسة من الشباب الجامعي (جامعة السليمانية – كلية اللغات)، وتم اعتماد على عينة من اجمالي المبحوثين من الطلاب، حيث بلغ عدد الطلبة(1310) طالبا وطالبة، وتم اختيار عينة الدراسة بأسلوب المعاينة العشوائية التي تتيح الفرصة لتقسيم المجتمع طبقياً، وحسب النسب، واختيرت نسبة (10%) من مجتمع الدراسة لتكون عينة له، وتمثلت بـ(131) طالبا و طالبة. و توزعوا حسب نسبة الطلاب في القسم الى العدد الكلي لطلاب الكلية، توزيع العينة بين الاقسام بالاسلوب التناسبي.وتلخصت ابرز الاستنتاجات التى توصلت لها الدراسة فيما يلي: السبب الاول لدى طلبة جامعة السليمانية – كلية اللغات في عدم اعتمادهم على الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية هو عدم شعورهم بـ(الموضوعية)، ولهذا فان هذه الفئة من الطلبة لا تزال تعتمد على الصحف الورقية و وسائل الاعلام التقليدية بشكل اساسي.اثبتت الدراسة صحة فرض البديل، بأن هناك علاقة ارتباطية ذات دلالة احصائية بين المتغيرات الديموغرافية لشباب الجامعي و بين اعتمادهم على الاخبار المنشورة في الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية. اثبتت الدراسة صحة فرض البديل بأن هناك علاقة ارتباطية طردية دالة معنويا بين اعتماد الشباب الجامعي على الاخبار المنشورة لإزدياد طموحهم المعرفي حول الاحداث، ودوافعهم النفعية جراء هذا الاعتماد. وخلصت الدراسة لمجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات، من اهمها: ضرورة تمتع الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية بمساحة أكبر من الموضوعية في تناول القضايا و الأحداث، والابتعاد عن مدح السلطة والمسؤولين. مراعاة اسباب عدم اعتماد المبحوثين على الاخبار المنشورة في الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية، و المضي قدما في نشر الاخبار التي تتمتع بمصداقية اكبر. دعوة ادارات الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية للاستفادة من نتائج هذه الدراسة.
ANALISIS POLA DAN KEDUDUKAN ISIM FĀIL DALAM SURAH ĀLI ‘IMRĀN
Authors: Jabir Muhammad , Wahyu Pratama Putra  
Published: October 2021

Isim fail merupakan salah satu isim musytaq yang paling sering disebutkan dalam Al-Qur’an. Perubahan pola atau wazan nya juga sangat bervariasi, mulai dari “فاعل” sampai “مُسْتَفْعِلٌ”. Tidak hanya polanya yang bervariasi, kedudukan isim fail yang terdapat dalam Al-Qur’an juga sangat beragam, mulai dari fail sampai mudhaf ilaih. Salah satu surah dalam Al-Qur’an yang paling banya isim fail di dalamnya yaitu surah Ali Imran.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 7 pola isim fail dari 19 pola isim fāil yaitu yaitu “فَاعِلٌ”, “مُفْعِلٌ”, “مُفَعِّلٌ”, “مُتَفَاعِلٌ”, “مُفْتَعِلٌ”, “مُتَفَعِّلٌ” dan “مُسْتَفْعِلٌ”. Adapun kedudukan isim fail dalam surah Ali Imran berjumlah 11 kedudukan dari 15 kedudukan yang ada yaitu isim kaana, khabar kaana, isim inna, maf’ul bih, haal, fail, na’at, khabar, athaf, majrur bi harfi jar dan mudhaf ilaih.
Downscaling Planetary Boundaries to the National Level: A Review of Methods and Indicators
Authors: Parsonsová Aneta 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The practical implementation of the planetary boundaries’ (PB) conceptual implications is a challenge from the perspective of both global and national governance. (Schmidt, 2013; Biermann & Kim, 2020) This paper reviews the methods and indicators used in subsequent studies which focus on downscaling the PB concept to the national level. The conclusions confirm significant progress in identifying appropriate national indicators; however, also point at the need for further research to (1) develop a complex downscaling methodology; (2) consider additional variables to ensure just and equitable allocation principles; and (3) mainstream the PB into national policies.
Floodplain Forests and Urban Parks – A Brief Comparison of Bird Diversity
Authors: Machar Ivo , Poprach Karel , Praus Luděk , Úradníček Luboš 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Urbanization in cultural landscapes generally tends to select for omnivorous, granivorous, and cavity/hole nesting bird species in green urban areas. Studies on bird diversity in the cities are important to better understanding to the ecology of urban and sub-urban landscapes. The aim of this study was research on bird diversity in urban parks in Olomouc city in order to brief comparison with bird diversity in hardwood floodplain forest habitats based on our older above-mentioned study. Bird diversity in urban parks was very similar to the bird diversity in some localities of floodplain forests from the Czech Republic. Comparison between urban parks and hardwood floodplain forests in the vicinity of the city revealed a high similarity of alpha-diversity and diversity indexes. These results indicated that large urban parks have nearly the same importance for bird diversity such as managed hardwood floodplain forests. Results highlighted an importance of urban green areas for biodiversity maintaining in European cultural landscapes.
Analysis of Land Use Land Cover Changes with Land Surface Temperature Using Spatial-Temporal Data for Nagpur City, India
Authors: Khan Farhan , Das Bhumika , Mishra R. K. , Patel Brijesh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) are the most efficient tools for spatial data processing. This Spatial technique helps in generating data on natural resources such as land, forests, water, and their management with planning. The study focuses on assessing land change and surface temperature for Nagpur city, Maharashtra, for two decades. Land surface temperature and land use land cover (LULC) are determined using Landsat 8 and Landsat 7 imageries for the years 2000 and 2020. The supervised classification technique is used with a maximum likelihood algorithm for performing land classification. Four significant classes are determined for classification, i.e., barren land, built-up, vegetation and water bodies. Thermal bands are used for the calculation of land surface temperature. The land use land cover map reveals that the built-up and water bodies are increasing with a decrease in vegetation and barren land. Likewise, the land surface temperature map showed increased temperature for all classes from 2000 to 2020. The overall accuracy of classification is 98 %, and the kappa coefficients are 0.98 and 0.9 for the years 2000 and 2020, respectively. Due to urban sprawl and changes in land use patterns, the increase in land surface temperature is documented, which is a global issue that needs to be addressed.
“We Can’t Get Stuck in Old Ways”: Swedish Sports Club’s Integration Efforts With Children and Youth in Migration
Authors: Hertting Krister , Karlefors Inger 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The last years many people have been forcibly displaced due to circumstances such as conflicts in the world, and many people have come to Sweden for shelter. It has been challenging for Swedish society to receive and guide newcomers through the resettlement process, and many organizations in civil society, such as sports clubs, have been invited to support the resettlement. However, a limited numbers of studies has drawn the attention to sports clubs experiences. Therefore the aim of the paper was enhance understanding of sports clubs’ prerequesites and experiences of integration efforts with immigrant children and youth. Ten Swedish clubs with experience of working with newcomers participated. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Two categories were identified: Struggling with sporting values and organization and Seeing integration in everyday activities. The clubs experienced that integration occurs in everyday activities, but current ideas focusing competition and rigid organization of sports constrained possibilities for integrating newcomers with no or limited former experience of club sports. The clubs experienced potential to contribute to personal development, social connectedness and enjoyment in a new society and building bridges between cultures. In conclusion, clubs cannot solve the challenges of resettlement in society but have potential to be part of larger societal networks of integration.
A critical analysis of anarchist critiques of the Field of “Solidarity and Cooperative Economy” in Greece
Authors: Gkagkelis Vaggelis 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this article, we explore the critiques developed by the anarchist social movement towards the “Solidarity and Cooperative Economy” in Greece. Initially, we outline the genealogy of the structural connection governing the “solidarity” economy with the development of contemporary social movements worldwide. Then, through the indexing of anarchist publications, we proceed to focus on two main anarchist critiques emphasizing on the economic and political problems of a “solidarity” economy which, in turn lead to the construction of the political position that refutes the interrelation of social movements with the field of alternative economy. We also outline the economic and political theory of classic anarchist thinkers: Kropotkin, Proudhon and Bakunin and we reappraise the critiques of the contemporary Greek anarchist movement based on these thinkers. Ultimately, the paper seeks to detect the points of convergence between the “Solidarity and Cooperative Economy” and contemporary anarchist movement. Deeming the practice of self-management as the principal interface between the anarchist thought and the organisation of networks and communities that constitute the “Solidarity and Cooperative Economy”, the present article calls for reflection and re-evaluation of these critiques with the ultimate objective being the delineation of new areas of political antagonism with capitalist structures and social change.
Social work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Administrative and personal response to new challenges
Authors: Bacter Claudia , Săveanu Sorana , Marc Cristiana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic implied specific intervention measures in all areas worldwide. Social workers from the social care system and health services, along with other specialists, have played an extremely important role in providing support to vulnerable groups, in order to manage social and psychological issues that have emerged in this period. This paper presents the results of a study involving 94 social workers from Romania. The aim of the research was to identify the main changes in the activity of social workers from public and private social services during pandemic, a period characterized by restrictive measures in order to limit the transmission of the virus. The paper focuses on vulnerabilities and challenges imposed by these changes in order to continue to provide social services for those in need. Recommendations on social policies are outlined based on the lessons learned in this period. The results show that communication and the maintenance of the relationship with beneficiaries are the parts where most changes occurred. The limitation of direct contacts has led to a decrease in field activity, online work, increased workload, or changes in working schedule, and also sometimes (mainly in public institutions) increased bureaucracy. Based on the results of the study, some recommendations for policy makers are identified, taking advantage of the lessons from this period of crisis: the need for the authorities to prioritize the allocated resources and to impose stricter rules to follow, provide funding for specific resources, intensifying the collaboration between all social actors involved, developing and implementing unitary intervention models, greater interest and understanding from authorities and responsiveness to new intervention methods, maintaining the online activity where the situation allows it in order to reduce bureaucracy in public institutions.