bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Mucoid Degeneration of the ACL with Medial Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis Progression at MR Imaging
Authors: Moustafa Samer Mohamed , Abdel-Aziz Amany Moh. Rashad , Shalaby Mennatallah Hatem 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Using MRI, ACL mucoid degeneration is defined as a thickened ACL with increased signal intensity on all MR pulse sequences, with discrete fibers easily distinguished on fatsaturated T2-weighted or fat-saturated proton-density (PD)-weighted images but poorly differentiated on T1-weighted or non-fat-saturated PD-weighted images.

Objective
To assess the prevalence of ACL mucoid degeneration in a population of patients referred for routine knee MRI, and its association with age and structural joint damage.

Patients and Methods
Our study is a retrospective study conducted at the radiology department of Ain Shams University hospitals and Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital including 81 cases of knees with ACL mucoid degeneration by MRI and no sex predilection. Cases and controls were scored with respect to independent articular features: cartilage signal and morphology, subarticular bone marrow abnormality, subarticular cysts, subarticular bone attrition, marginal osteophytes and medial meniscal integrity.

Results
Patients with ACL mucoid degeneration were older than patients with a normal ACL, without statistically significant sex difference. Knees with ACL mucoid degeneration had statistically significant medial meniscal injuries and cartilage damage involving the central and posterior MTFC compared to control knees with a normal ACL frequency matched for age, sex and MR field strength.

Conclusion
Our study proved that there is a strong association between ACL mucoid degeneration and cartilage damage in MTFC.
Potential Role of PET/CT in Evaluation of Thyroid Carcinoma Subtypes
Authors: Fahmy Yara Mohamed , Aziz Tougan Taha Abd El , Rahman Marwa El Sayed Abd El 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy. The biology of its different subtypes differ dramatically leading to different treatment approaches. Role of 18FDG PET/CT in thyroid carcinoma is still highly debated and not well established. Its indications are still being investigated in the hope of utilizing it in diagnosis, risk stratification, and follow up of thyroid carcinoma patients.

Objective
To explore the role of 18FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of different subtypes of thyroid carcinoma.

Methods
A retrospective descriptive study over the course of 9 months from July 2018 till March 2019. It included patients with pathologically proven thyroid carcinoma referred to the Radiology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals for a 18FDG PET/CT scan.

Results
18FDG PET/CT scans of 16 patients were included in the study. Fourteen (87.5%) patients underwent thyroid surgery, two of whom (14.3%) displayed local operative bed recurrence. Eight patients (50%) were diagnosed with nodal disease of whom four patients (50%) had necrotic lymph nodes displaying average SUVmax of 3.7 (±1.3) compared to four patients (50%) with non-necrotic lymph nodes that achieved average SUVmax of 10.7 (±12.3). The mean SUVmax of the most metabolically active lymph nodes in patients who received chemotherapy was 3.5 compared to 7.7 in those who didn’t. On the other hand, the mean SUVmax of the most metabolically active lymph nodes in those who received radioactive iodine therapy was 3.2 compared to 14.2 in those who didn’t. Distant metastasis were detected in two (12.5%) patients.

Conclusion
The role of 18FDG PET/CT in thyroid malignancy remains unclear and controversial, whether in diagnosis, staging, risk stratification, follow up, or detection of recurrence. Further evaluation the role of 18FDG PET/CT in thyroid carcinoma is required. Moreover, more investigation particularly in the less common subtypes is warranted to provide a more comprehensive guideline for the use of 18FDG PET/CT in various subtypes of thyroid carcinoma.
Complications of Hepatocellular Carcinoma patients post living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: El-Sayed Ashraf Mahmoud , Massoud Yasmine Mahmoud , Abd-Elkalik Ayat Abdallah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, accounting for about 1 million related deaths annually. An estimated 372, 000 new cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are diagnosed each year, constituting 4.6% of all new human cancers.

Objectives
The aim of our study was to study the complications of Hepatocellular Carcinoma patients post living Donor Liver Transplantation at Ain Shams Center for Organ Transplantation.

Patients and methods
The study population underwent Living donor liver Transplanation due to hepatitis C virus related hepatocellular carcinoma during the period from January 2008 to 2019.A total number of 114 patients underwent LDLT due to HCV related hepatocellular carcinoma.Fourteen patients(12.2%) were excluded because of the intraoperative death or postoperative early death, 7 patients(6%) were excluded because of overlapping etiologies with hepatitis C (HBV,autoimmune hepatitis,BCS,…etc) and 11 patients (9.6%) were excluded due to their age.Eighty two patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria for enrollment were recruited in the study.

Results
The most common complications were (45.1%) neuropsychiatric side effects induced by immunosuppressive treatment, malignancy, hypertension, renal impairment, stroke, small for size disease…etc. Biliary complications (34.1%) as well as sepsis (34.1%) were the second common complications then rejection (18.3%), recurrence (12.2%), death (11%) and vascular complications (10%).

Conclusion
There was no statistical significance for those within or out side the Milan criteria or UCSF criteria and its impact on the occurrence of graft rejection, sepsis, vascular complications, death, HCC recurrence and biliary complications post-transplant.
Characteristics of De novo Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Chronic HCV Egyptian patients received Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) therapy: A pilot study
Authors: Ibrahim Amany Ahmed , Montasser Iman M.Fawzy , Balakosy Amira Mahmoud AL , Farid Hoda Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Direct-acting antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis C have initiated a revolution in the management and control of this important liver disease with cure rates over 90%. However, it has been suggested that HCC may occur or recur in patients with chronic HCV infection who received DAAs therapy.

Aim
To compare characteristics and behavior of de novo Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic HCV patients who received direct acting antiviral treatment with those who didn't receive DAAs .

Patients and methods
The current study was conducted on patients with de novo HCC presented at HCC clinic, Tropical medicine department Ain Shams University Hospitals between December 2017 and December 2018, aged (18-70 years old) .
Total number of HCC cases visited the clinic during the study period was 416 patients.
160 patients with de novo HCC were enrolled in the study fullfiling the inclusion criteria and divided to two groups, 80 patients with HCC who received Direct antiviral treatment, the other 80 patients who didn't receive Direct antiviral treatment.

Results
Unlike some previous concerns about increased biologic aggressiveness of HCC after DAA treatment, resulting in infiltrative pattern and multinodular HCC outside Milan criteria, our results on de novo HCC after DAAs were mostly single, small, and diagnosed in early stages, resulting in BCLC stage 0-B in the majority of patients. There were no statistical differences regarding total size of tumor,or vascular invasion or AFP, but there’s a statistical difference in largest size of HFLs that was more significant in group (A) P = 0.04
The mean Child score was 5.75 in group A, with 61 patients (76.3%) were Child class A,19 patients (23.8%) were Child class B and 0 patients were child C. For the patients in group (B) the mean Child score was 6.15, with 50 patients (62.5%) were Child class A, 26 patients (32.5%) were Child class B and 4 patients (5%) were child C.

Conclusion
The current study shows no differences between the 2 studied groups as regard tumor aggressiveness, but data on risk of HCC and behaviour after DAAs is still conflicting and further studies are needed
Evaluation Of The Use Of Probiotics In Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Abdel-Samie Omar Ahmed Mohamed , ElGindy Eman Mohamed , Fawzy Iman Mohamed , Saad Heba Ismail 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), afflicting around 11% of the adult population worldwide. Despite the availability of a great variety of therapeutic options, treatment satisfaction is suboptimal for both the patient and the doctor. There is good evidence that the microbiota is a predominant factor in the IBS pathophysiology. Probiotics confers a health benefit on the host associated with modulation of the microbiota . (Dorssman and Hasler, 2016)

Aim of the work
The aim of the current study is to evaluate the role of probiotics in the improvement of quality of life via Irritable Bowel Syndrome – Quality of Life survey (IBS-QOL).

Patients and methods
This Double armed clinical trial was conducted on IBS patients, who fulfill ROME IV criteria and the IBS diagnostic questionnaire in Egyptair hospital outpatient clinic, Cairo, Egypt between March and December 2019. Data of the patient, with suspected IBS during the study period, were reviewed and the patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled into this study. The patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were followed up after 4 weeks from the first visit.

Results
The study includes 90 patients divided to 2 equal groups the first were prescribed probiotic and itopride medication and the second were prescribed itopride only. There was a highly significant improvement in the overall QOL terms (dysphoria, interaction with activity, body image, health worry, food avoidance, social reaction, sexual activity and relationship scores) for group 1 with overall mean score (60.64±7.77) at baseline and (81.54±7.87) at 4 weeks (p value &lt;0.001). For group 2 there were high significance for some terms (dysphoria, interference with activity, body image and health worry scores) while other terms (food avoidance, social reaction, sexual activity and relationship) showed no significant changes, the overall score was of no significance too (p value 0.18). Comparing the 2 groups that there was a high significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the overall QOL at 4 weeks (p value &lt;0.001), but there were no significance between the 2 groups regarding; Body image (p value 0.16), food avoidance (p value 0.95) and sexual scores (p value 0.14).

Conclusion
Our data suggest that probiotics are useful for the improvement of quality of life of the IBS patients.
Pregnancy Outcome in Patients with Budd Chiari Syndrome: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Gindy Eman Mohamed EL Said El , Hefny Zeinab Mohamed , Hassan Ahmed Hussein Abd Elhamid , Maghraby Safia Ramdan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare disease caused by hepatic venous outflow obstruction and results in hepatic failure due to sinusoidal congestion, decrease in the blood supply to the to the liver and increase the pressure in portal vein .

Objectives
The aim beyond this study is assessment of the maternal and foetal events in a group of women who became pregnant while having BCS.

Patients and methods
It is a prospective and retrospective study which was conducted on 32 patients with Budd- Chiari syndrome admitted to Ain Shams University Hospitals, Tropical Medicine department or attended the outpatient clinics during the period from May 2006 to March 2019 who became pregnant after diagnosis by BCS .

Results
Number of cases that underwent tips revision 3 cases and one case underwent liver transplantation after delivery and 2 cases had died during follow up.Using . of enoxaparin in 1st trimester in our cases as a significant protective factor against abortion.

Conclusion
BCS isn’t a contraindication to pregnancy in patients with a well-controlled disease. Fetal outcome remains relatively poor, which is at least partly due to the underlying prothrombotic disorders. so patients should be accurately informed about the risk of this pregnancies .
CHOROIDAL THICKNESS, MACULAR THICKNESS, RETINAL NERVE FIBER LAYER THICKNESS BY OCT IN NON-PREGNANT, PREGNANT AND POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Zaki Sherif , Helmy Thanaa , Samy Hisham , Fathy Nariman 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate the macular, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and choroidal thickness alterations by using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in postmenopausal, pregnant and non-pregnant women.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
A comparative study included a total of 42 eyes (Right eye) of 42 healthy females in the period from march 2019 to September 2019 divided into 3 groups: a) Non pregnant women. b) Pregnant women.c) Postmenopausal women. Each subject underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination. Following this detailed ophthalmologic examination, the Rs 3000 Nidek Japan OCT device was used for the assessment choroidal, macular and RNFL Thickness.

RESULTS
The mean age of non-pregnant females was 29.64 ±3.13, mean age of pregnant females was 28.93 ±3.89 and of postmenopausal women was 53.86 ± 1.75. There was no significant difference in all macular quadrants in the 3 study groups. Choroidal thickness was statistically significant thicker in healthy pregnant females (333.36 ±44.42) than in healthy non pregnant (326.93±31.50) and significantly thinner in healthy post-menopausal women (282.64±28.04) than healthy non pregnant females. There was no significant difference in RNFL thickness between the 3 study groups.

CONCLUSION
Oct has evolved over the past decade as one of the most important ancillary tests in ophthalmic practice. Pregnancy hormones may lead to an increase in fluid volume in many tissues of the body. There was no statistically significant difference in macular thickness and RNFL thickness between the 3 study groups. Choroidal thickness was statistically significant thicker in healthy pregnant than in healthy non pregnant and significant thinner in healthy post-menopausal women than healthy non pregnant.
Role of Aminophylline Intravesical Instillation on Enhancing Ureteral Dilatation prior to Ureteroscopy
Authors: Saafan Ahmed Mohamed , Shabayek Mohamed Ismail , Mohamed Marwa Mamdouh , Bayomi Ali Mostafa Mabrouk 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Semi-rigid uretroscopy (URS) is a common intervention approach for lower ureteric stones. Ureteral dilatation is frequently needed before URS to enable ureter accessing. Aminophylline is known by its muscle relaxant effect and has been suggested to be effective in ureteral dilation.

Objectives
To evaluate the effect of intravesical administration of aminophylline on ureteroscopy and to measure intraureteral pressure

Methods
This prospective randomized controlled study included 50 before and after aminophylline injection.
patients with lower ureteral calculi. In group A, the ureter was dilated by intravesical aminophylline whereas in group B balloon dilator was used. Intraureteral pressure was measured using pressure transducer connected to invasive pressure monitor.

Results
No statistically significant difference was noticed between both groups in operative time, intra operative complication, need for ureteral stenting or stone free rate. However, post-operative pain and haematuria were statistically significantly higher among balloon group compared to aminophylline group. In group A, there was statistically significant decrease in intraureteral pressure after injection of aminophylline (7.80 ± 1.71) compared to before injection (12.2 ± 1.85) with p-value &lt; 0.001.

Conclusion
Aminophylline is effective in ureteral dilatation when intravesically injected with less frequent post-operative pain and hematuria.
Plasma Citrulline Level In Preterm Neonates With Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: EL Tahry Adham H , Rashad Amira M , Rabie Dina E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Necrotizing enterocolitis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm neonates, lacks a reliable biomarker. Citrulline is primarily produced by enterocytes and correlates with intestinal function. Objective of the study is to test if Citrulline can be used as a biomarker of NEC and serving as a biomarker for intestinal recovery.

Subjects
This is a case control study, Plasma citrulline levels of neonates with a gestational age &lt;35 weeks and 2000 gram who developed NEC were measured, comparing it to properly gestational age and weight matched pretrem neonates.

Patients and methods
sixty neonates were classified into two groups: the patients group which included 30 neonates with confirmed NEC and the control group which included 30 healthy preterm neonates.

Results
Plasma citrulline level was significantly lower in the patients group than in the control group With Median citrulline levels of NEC and control groups were 2 and 20 μmol/l respectively (P &lt; 0.0001), with a sensitivity of 86.7%, specificity of 93.3% and cut off level of citrulline was ≤11μmol/l for diagnosis.

Conclusion
Plasma citrulline level is a very good non invasive marker for NEC diagnosis.
Lung Ultrasonography as Tool for Follow Up of Ventilated Neonates for Prediction of Weaning Readiness
Authors: Awad Hisham A , Khafagy Soha M , Ahmed Nivan T , Shehata Basma M , Shabana Ayah M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Timing is crucial when deciding if a patient can be successfully extubated. Both premature discontinuation and unnecessary delay of mechanical ventilation weaning have been associated with poor outcome. There are no enough guidelines for the assessment of readiness of newborns for extubation. The degree of lung aeration loss in different clinical conditions can be quantified via lung ultrasound (LUS).

Objectives
To evaluate the lung ultrasound score as a follow up tool in ventilated neonates and its validity as predictor of extubation.

Subjects and Methods
Prospective study done on 39 mechanically ventilated neonates 27-42 weeks’ gestation. Lung ultrasound was done daily for each patient till the day of weaning and lung ultrasound (LUS) score was calculated. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to trial of weaning; Success “S” group: in which weaning succeeded and Failure “F” group: in which weaning failed.

Results
The “F” group had significantly higher LUS score at time of intubation, pre- extubation and post-extubation compared with the “S” group (P- value= 0.002, 0.003 and 0.001 respectively). A cut off value of ≤ 10 for LUS score pre-extubation predict successful weaning with sensitivity 76% and specificity 64.3%.

Conclusion
LUS is an indicator for lung aeration and can be used as a tool to predict success of weaning of ventilated neonates.
Sputum Neutrophil Elastase in pediatric cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
Authors: Fouda Eman M , Ali Heba A , Salem Mona A. A , Radwan Heba H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective
To assess the value of sputum neutrophil elastase as a biomarker of severity in cases of non-cystic fibrosis bronchectasis & cystic fibrosis.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 bronchiectasis patients aged from 1 to 13 years presented to pediatric chest clinic and department of Ain shams university hospital., there were classified into 2 groups; Group A cystic fibrosis patients(30) and group B non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patients(20).
Inclusion criteria :children aged from 1 to 16 years, patients were diagnosed with bronchiectasis clinically and with HRCT chest and cystic Fibrosis patients were diagnosed by positive sweat chloride test and genetic study. Exclusion Criteria includes no other known chronic lung diseases.
All patients were evaluated by full medical history and full clinical examination, the following lab investigations were done :sweat chloride test, CFTR mutation study, sputum sampling and culture.
Quantitative sputum neutrophil elastase assay was done, and the severity of disease was assessed using clinical scores as SK score ,FACED score and bronchiectasis severity index and by using radiological scores as Bhalla and modified Reiff score.

Results
Steatorrhea was more prevalent among cystic fibrosis patients (80%) than non-CF bronchiectasis patients (0%).(P = 0.00). Clubbing was more prevalent among non -cystic fibrosis bronchectasis (10) (50 %), than cystic fibrosis (2 patients) (6.7 %).(P = 0.00). In cystic fibrosis, neutrophil elastase was significantly higher among severe group (126 ng/mL) than among the moderate (30 ng/mL) and mild (16 ng/mL) groups.(P = 0.00). While in non-CF bronchiectasis patients, neutrophil elastase was significantly higher among severe group (67 ng/mL) than among the moderate (24 ng/mL) and mild (11 ng/mL) groups.(P = 0.00)

Conclusion
There was a significant correlation between sputum neutrophil elastase and disease severity in bronchiectasis (both cystic fibrosis and non-CF).
Effect of Lactoferrin Supplementation on Appetite And Weight Loss In Obese School Age Children
Authors: ElSayed Hoda L , Abdelsayed Marian G.R , Emara Islam S.A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Obesity is one of the most common nutritional disorders in the world. Increased appetite is one of the main causes of obesity.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of lactoferrin on weight loss and appetite in obese school age children.

Subjects & Methods
This was a double arm prospective clinical trial which done on 50 obese children with an age range of 6-12 years. The children were recruited from Pediatric Nutrition Clinic of Ain Shams University.
The children were equally divided into two groups; one group received 200 mg of oral lactoferrin for 12 weeks in addition to diet regimen and exercise. The other group did not receive lactoferrin but was only on exercise and diet regimen. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, dietetic history and appetite assessment using Child Eating Behavioral Questionnaire (CEBQ) were done for both groups before and after intervention.

Results
The results of our study revealed decrease in anthropometric measurements, serum leptin and Child Eating Behavioral Questionnaire (CEBQ) after lactoferrin supplementation. However, our study revealed only statistical significant decrease in CEBQ score after lactoferrin supplementation.

Conclusion
Despite decreasing weight, lactoferrin intake had no impact on weight loss when compared to patients who did not take lactoferrin. Lactoferrin intake decreased appetite in school aged obese children.