bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary IgA antibody to malondialdehyde–acetaldehyde associates with mild periodontal pocket depth
Authors: Akhi Ramin , Nissinen Antti E. , Wang Chunguang , Kyrklund Mikael , Paju Susanna , Mäntylä Päivi , Buhlin Kåre , Sinisalo Juha , Pussinen Pirkko J. , Hörkkö Sohvi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveOxidized epitopes such as malondialdehyde–acetaldehyde (MAA) play a crucial role in the progression of atherosclerosis through activation of the humoral immune response. The exact mechanism of the association between atherosclerosis and periodontal diseases is not fully understood. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the association of oral humoral immune response to oxidized epitopes with parameters of periodontal disease.Materials and methodsThe Parogene cohort consist of patients who have undergone coronary angiography due to cardiac symptoms. In this study, 423 patients were randomly selected for an extensive oral examination. Salivary Immunoglobulin A to oxidized epitopes and bacterial antigens was determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay.ResultsIn a binary logistic regression model adjusted with periodontal disease confounders, periodontal pocket depth (PPD) 4–5 mm associated with salivary IgA antibodies to MAA‐LDL (p = 0.034), heat shock protein 60 of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.045), Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.045), A. actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.005), P. intermedia (p = 0.020), and total IgA (p = 0.003).ConclusionsThe current study shows the association of salivary IgA to MAA‐LDL with PPD 4–5 mm in a cohort of patients with chronic coronary artery disease. Humoral immune cross‐reactivation to oxidized epitopes such MAA‐LDL could partly explain the link of periodontitis with systemic diseases.
Feasibility study for echocardiography‐guided lead insertion for permanent cardiac implantable electronic devices
Authors: Sogade Omolade O. , Aben Rieta N. , Eyituoyo Harry , Arinze Nkechi C. , Sogade Felix O. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPermanent cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are traditionally implanted with the assistance of fluoroscopy. While clinically effective, this technique exposes both patients and providers to radiation which is associated with adverse health effects and represents an occupational hazard. In this study, we investigate the safety and feasibility of permanent CIED placement under the guidance of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). There is also increasing interest in use of non‐fluoroscopic options for noninvasive cardiac electrophysiologic procedures.MethodsFifteen patients consecutively consented for initial implant of CIEDs, specifically dual chamber pacemakers (DCPM) and dual chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillators (DCICDs). Patients were excluded if they had previous implants, abandoned leads, or anatomic anomalies including congenital and known persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC). We used TTE to guide and implant atrial and ventricular leads.ResultsEleven patients received DCPMs and four patients received DCICDs. The procedure duration was 49.3 min for DCICD and 52.3 min for DCPM, p = .807. The average number of right atrial lead attempts was 1.6 for DCPMs and 1.8 for DCICD, p = .860. The average number of right ventricular lead attempts for DCPMs was 2.2 and 1.0 attempt for DCICDs, p = .044. There were no complications at 90‐day follow‐up.ConclusionWe demonstrate the feasibility of TTE‐guided DCPM/DCICD implantation without use of fluoroscopy. We present this method as a safe alternative for permanent CIED placement that may reduce risk of radiation exposure and cost while maintaining safety and efficacy. No operators wore lead aprons during the procedure.
Everyday Authoritarianism: Class and Coercion on Housing Estates in Neoliberal Britain
Authors: Davey Ryan , Koch Insa Lee 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn Britain, especially in the 2010s, neoliberal reform involved an extension of legal coercion into the domestic and community lives of marginalized citizens. On two postindustrial housing estates in Britain, working‐class residents experience this “everyday authoritarianism” in areas that the liberal state typically constructs as private and purports to leave alone: the home and the intimate relations that frame it. Residents engage this legal coercion by adopting responses that range from defensive avoidance to co‐opting officials to acts of vigilantism. By doing so, they negotiate the presence of an authority that is often out of sync with their own expectations for protection, and in some cases actively undermines their efforts to remain safe. Their pluralism can be framed neither in terms of an acceptance of state authority nor as a straightforward refusal to be governed. Rather, it reveals the contradictory ways in which marginalized citizens define their relationship to the state under contemporary conditions of class fragmentation. By adding detail on everyday life to meta‐narratives of an authoritarian turn, this article theorizes the political potential and limits of people's daily engagements with the state for contesting the latter's authority.[class, coercion, liberal governance]
Risk Assessment of Norovirus Illness from Consumption of Raw Oysters in the United States and in Canada
Authors: Pouillot Régis , Smith Mark , Van Doren Jane M. , Catford Angela , Holtzman Jennifer , Calci Kevin R. , Edwards Robyn , Goblick Gregory , Roberts Christopher , Stobo Jeffrey , White John , Woods Jacquelina , DePaola Angelo , Buenaventura Enrico , Burkhardt William 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHuman norovirus (NoV) is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States and Canada. Bivalve molluscan shellfish is one commodity commonly identified as being a vector of NoV. Bivalve molluscan shellfish are grown in waters that may be affected by contamination events, tend to bioaccumulate viruses, and are frequently eaten raw. In an effort to better assess the elements that contribute to potential risk of NoV infection and illness from consumption of bivalve molluscan shellfish, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services/Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Health Canada (HC), the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), and Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) collaborated to conduct a quantitative risk assessment for NoV in bivalve molluscan shellfish, notably oysters. This study describes the model and scenarios developed and results obtained to assess the risk of NoV infection and illness from consumption of raw oysters harvested from a quasi‐steady‐state situation. Among the many factors that influence the risk of NoV illness for raw oyster consumers, the concentrations of NoV in the influent (raw, untreated) and effluent (treated) of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) were identified to be the most important. Thus, mitigation and control strategies that limit the influence from human waste (WWTP outfalls) in oyster growing areas have a major influence on the risk of illness from consumption of those oysters.
D‐‐phenotype due to RHD‐RHCE hybrid transcript in a case of severe haemolytic disease of newborn with anti‐Rh 17(Hrₒ) antibodies
Authors: Mani Anila , Mishra Garima , Kulkarni Swati , Gupta Debasish 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundD antigen is one among the most immunogenic antigens and is the most common cause of Haemolytic Disease of Fetus and Newborn (HDFN). The D‐phenotype is a rare Rh variant in which none of the RhCE antigens are expressed on the red cell surface. Individuals having D‐phenotype are capable of producing a rare alloantibody named as anti‐Rh17(Hr°) in response to pregnancy or transfusion and has the potential to react with C/c and E/e antigens causing severe haemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR) and haemolytic disease of fetus and newborn (HDFN).Case reportWe have encountered a case of severe HDFN with an accidental discovery of D‐ phenotype of the mother with anti‐Rh‐17 antibodies. D‐ phenotype has been confirmed with molecular typing along with genotyping of all family members.ConclusionRare phenotypes like D‐ individuals especially if allo‐immunised are of great concern at times of transfusion requirements. Hence, proper identification of these individuals are important to contribute them to the rare donor pool and to adopt adequate patient blood management strategies.
The Development of Learning, Performing, and Controlling Repeated Sequential Actions in Young Children
Authors: Yanaoka Kaichi , Saito Satoru 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOur daily lives are composed of several sequential actions that we perform routinely, such as making breakfast, taking a train, and changing clothes. Previous research has demonstrated that a routine system plays a role in performing and controlling repeated sequential actions in familiar situations, and a top‐down control system involves the control of the routine system in novel situations. Specifically, most developmental studies have focused on the top‐down control system (e.g., executive functions) as a factor enabling the control of goal‐directed actions in novel situations. Yet, it has not been thoroughly examined how young children learn, perform, and control repeated sequential actions in familiar contexts. In this review, based on recent computational accounts for adults, we highlight two critical aspects of the routine system from a developmental perspective: (1) automatic flexible changes of contextual representations, which enables humans to select context‐dependent actions appropriately; and (2) detection of deviant situations, which signals the need for control to avoid errors. In addition, we propose the developmental mechanism underlying the routine system and its potential driving factors such as statistical regularities and executive functions. Finally, we suggest that an investigation into the interplay between routine and executive functions can form foundations for understanding learning, performing, and controlling repeated sequential actions in young children and discuss future directions in this area.
Antigen matching for transfusion support in Brazilian female patients with sickle cell disease to reduce RBC alloimmunization
Authors: Muniz Janaína Guilhem , Arnoni Carine , Medeiros Rosangela , Vendrame Tatiane , Cortez Afonso , S Afonso José , Latini Flavia , Castilho Lilian , Girão Manoel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundRed blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization is a complication of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and it has a greater impact on pregnancy, leading to a risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn and reducing blood availability for pregnant women. This study proposed to evaluate antigen matching transfusion protocols, aiming to reduce RBC alloimmunization in Brazilian female patients with SCD.MethodsSamples from female patients with SCD (153) and self‐declared Afro‐Brazilian donors (307) were genotyped for RBC antigens and RH variants were investigated. The transfusion needs of patients during 1‐year period and the number of compatible donors were assessed using three antigen‐matching transfusion protocols: prophylactic CEK antigen‐matched RBCs, prophylactic extended antigen‐matched RBCs, and extended‐matched red blood cells (RBCs) only for alloimmunized patients. In addition, RH molecular matching has been proposed for patients carrying variant RHCE.ResultsProvision of CEK antigen‐matched donors would have been possible in 92.4% of transfusion events while provision of prophylactic extended antigen‐matched RBCs would cover 88.7% of the transfusion events. Extended antigen matching for alloimmunized patients would be efficient in 99% of the cases. The presence of partial D in 10 patients increased the need of D‐negative donors. Compatible donors could be enough for four of the five patients with altered RHCE genotypes in both alleles.ConclusionIn Brazilians, screening African descent donors allows the implementation of prophylactic CEK and extended antigen‐matching transfusion protocols to female patients with SCD to reduce RBC alloimmunization; however, the supply of compatible blood can be impaired for patients with Rh variants.
Phenolic allelochemicals: Achievements, limitations, and prospective approaches in weed management
Authors: Hoang Anh La , Van Quan Nguyen , Tuan Nghia La , Dang Xuan Tran 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn recent decades, phenolic compounds derived from plants have been considered as potential weed inhibitors due to their environmentally friendly properties, which are profitable regarding sustainable development targets. While experiments indicated that phenolic compounds exhibited significant inhibition on weeds via various biological pathways, none of these natural compounds have been efficiently applied in practical agricultural production. This paper provides an overview of the phenolic allelochemicals (and their plant sources) that have been reported to have the most potential for weed growth inhibition as well as their modes of action. The biosynthetic pathway, classification, distribution, release, degradation, extraction, and isolation of these allelochemicals are also discussed. In addition, the advantages and limitations of applying these allelochemicals in weed management and sustainable agricultural development are indicated. Accordingly, there are three promising strategies to deal with the present problems and improve the effectiveness of future studies, including: (a) to discover a new approach combining phenolic allelochemicals and other prospective phytochemicals in the development of natural herbicides; (b) to modify the chemical structure for strengthening the stability and activity of the target compound; and (c) to generate resistant crops against weed stress related to the proliferation of phenolic allelochemicals through genetic engineering approaches. Conceivably, the information on phenolic allelochemicals that is assembled in this paper may provide a useful dataset for future studies on the application of artificial intelligence in the design and production of efficient natural herbicides for weed management and sustainable agricultural development.
Across-arc variations in Mo isotopes and implications for subducted oceanic crust in the source of back-arc basin volcanic rocks
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Yan Quanshu , Zeng Zhigang , Fan Jingjing , Li Sanzhong , Li Jie , Yang Huixin , Wang Xiaoyuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMolybdenum (Mo) isotope ratios provide a potential means of tracing material recycling involved in subduction zone processes. However, the geochemical behavior of Mo in subducted oceanic crust remains enigmatic. We analyzed Mo isotope ratios of arc and back-arc basin lavas from the Mariana subduction zone (western Pacific Ocean), combining newly obtained element and Sr-Nd-Pb-Li isotope data to investigate subduction zone geochemical processes involving Mo. The Mo isotope ratios (δ98/95MoNIST3134; U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology [NIST] Mo standard) of the volcanic rocks showed clear across-arc variations, decreasing with increasing depth to the Wadati-Benioff zone. The high δ98/95Mo values in the Mariana Islands (−0.18‰ to +0.38‰) correspond to high 87Sr/86Sr, low 143Nd/144Nd, and radiogenic Pb isotope ratios, suggesting that altered upper oceanic crust played an important role in the magma source. The low δ98/95Mo values in the Central Mariana Trough (−0.65‰ to −0.17‰) with mantle-like Sr-Nd-Pb but slightly low δ7Li values provide direct evidence for the contribution of deep recycled oceanic crust to the magma source of the back-arc basin lavas. The isotopically light Mo magmas originated by partial melting of a residual subducted slab (eclogite) after high degrees of dehydration and then penetrated into the back-arc mantle. This interpretation provides a new perspective with which to investigate the deep recycling of subducted oceanic lithosphere and associated magma petrogenesis.
Comparative safety of percutaneous ventricular assist device and intra-aortic balloon pump in acute myocardial infarction-induced cardiogenic shock
Authors: Ullah Waqas , Zghouzi Mohamed , Mukhtar Maryam , Banisad Ali , Alhatemi Gaith , Sattar Yasar , Zahid Salman , Moussa Pacha Homam , Gardi Delair , Alraies M Chadi 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe relative safety of percutaneous left ventricular assist device (pVAD) and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in patients with cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction remain unknown.MethodsMultiple databases were searched to identify articles comparing pVAD and IABP. An unadjusted OR was used to calculate hard clinical outcomes and mortality differences on a random effect model.ResultsSeven studies comprising 26 726 patients (1110 in the pVAD group and 25 616 in the IABP group) were included. The odds of all-cause mortality (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.68, p=<0.00001) and need for revascularisation (OR 0.16, 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.38, p=<0.0001) were significantly reduced in patients receiving pVAD compared with IABP. The odds of stroke (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.14 to 9.17, p=0.91), acute limb ischaemia (OR=2.48, 95% CI 0.39 to 15.66, p=0.33) and major bleeding (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.01 to 25.39, p=0.64) were not significantly different between the two groups. A sensitivity analysis based on the exclusion of the study with the largest weight showed no difference in the mortality difference between the two mechanical circulatory support devices.ConclusionsIn patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock, there is no significant difference in the adjusted risk of all-cause mortality, major bleeding, stroke and limb ischaemia between the devices. Randomised trials are warranted to investigate further the safety and efficacy of these devices in patients with cardiogenic shock.
Orbifold black holes
Authors: Nitta Muneto , Uzawa Kunihito 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe construct a regular black hole solution on the orbifold $${\mathbb C}^{n}/{\mathbb Z}_{n}$$

C

n

/

Z
n

in the ($$2n+1$$

2
n
+
1

)-dimensional Einstein–Maxwell theory. The event horizon is $$S^{2n-1}/{\mathbb Z}_{n}$$

S

2
n
-
1

/

Z
n

.
TP53 Disruption in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Under Ibrutinib: More is Worse?
Authors: Bomben Riccardo , Zucchetto Antonella , Gentile Massimo , Gattei Valter 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia carrying a single TP53 hit (chromosome 17p deletion or single TP53 mutation) demonstrate excellent progression-free survival and overall survival on ibrutinib compared with cases harboring multiple TP53 hits. Testing TP53 deletion/mutation combining FISH and deep next-generation sequencing should be performed for a correct patient evaluation.
See related article by Brieghel et al., p. 4531
Assessing Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Use at NCI-Designated Cancer Centers in the Cancer Moonshot–funded Cancer Center Cessation Initiative
Authors: D'Angelo Heather , Land Stephanie R. , Mayne Rachel Grana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Assessing tobacco product use and delivering tobacco dependence treatment is an essential part of cancer care; however, little is known about electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) or e-cigarette use assessment in cancer treatment settings. Given the importance of tailoring tobacco treatment, it is critical to understand how ENDS use is assessed in the electronic health record (EHR) in cancer care settings. Two questionnaires were completed by tobacco treatment program leads at 42 NCI-Designated Cancer Centers in the Cancer Center Cessation Initiative (January 1 to June 30 and July 1 to December 31, 2019). Items assessed how often smoking status and ENDS use were recorded in the EHR. An open-ended item recorded the text and response categories of each center's ENDS assessment question. All 42 centers assessed smoking status at both time periods. Twenty-five centers (59.5%) assessed ENDS use in the first half of 2019, increasing to 30 (71.4%) in the last half of 2019. By the end of 2019, 17 centers assessed smoking status at every patient visit while six assessed ENDS use at every visit. A checkbox/drop-down menu rather than scripted text was used at 30 centers (73.2%) for assessing smoking status and at 18 centers (42.9%) for assessing ENDS use. Our findings underscore the gap in systematic ENDS use screening in cancer treatment settings. Requiring ENDS use measures in the EHR as part of quality measures and providing scripted text scripts to providers may increase rates of ENDS use assessment at more cancer centers.

Prevention Relevance:
This study identifies a gap in the systematic assessment of ENDS use among patients seen at 42 NCI-Designated cancer centers. Requiring the systematic assessment of both ENDS use and use of other tobacco products can inform evidence-based treatment of tobacco dependence and lead to improved cancer treatment outcomes.
MEDI6012: Recombinant Human Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase, High‐Density Lipoprotein, and Low‐Density Lipoprotein Receptor–Mediated Reverse Cholesterol Transport
Authors: George Richard T. , Abuhatzira Liron , Stoughton Susan M. , Karathanasis Sotirios K. , She Dewei , Jin ChaoYu , Buss Nicholas A. P. S. , Bakker‐Arkema Rebecca , Ongstad Emily L. , Koren Michael , Hirshberg Boaz 
Published: June 2021

Background
MEDI6012 is recombinant human lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, the rate‐limiting enzyme in reverse cholesterol transport. Infusions of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase have the potential to enhance reverse cholesterol transport and benefit patients with coronary heart disease. The purpose of this study was to test the safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profile of MEDI6012.

Methods and Results
This phase 2a double‐blind study randomized 48 subjects with stable coronary heart disease on a statin to a single dose of MEDI6012 or placebo (6:2) (NCT02601560) with ascending doses administered intravenously (24, 80, 240, and 800 mg) and subcutaneously (80 and 600 mg). MEDI6012 demonstrated rates of treatment‐emergent adverse events that were similar to those of placebo. Dose‐dependent increases in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed with area under the concentration‐time curves from 0 to 96 hours of 728, 1640, 3035, and 5318 should be: mg·h/mL in the intravenous dose groups and 422 and 2845 mg·h/mL in the subcutaneous dose groups. Peak mean high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol percent change was 31.4%, 71.4%, 125%, and 177.8% in the intravenous dose groups and 18.3% and 111.2% in the subcutaneous dose groups, and was accompanied by increases in endogenous apoA1 (apolipoprotein A1) and non‐ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 cholesterol efflux capacity. Decreases in apoB (apolipoprotein B) were observed across all dose levels and decreases in atherogenic small low‐density lipoprotein particles by 41%, 88%, and 79% at the 80‐, 240‐, and 800‐mg IV doses, respectively.

Conclusions
MEDI6012 demonstrated an acceptable safety profile and increased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, endogenous apoA1, and non‐ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 cholesterol efflux capacity while reducing the number of atherogenic low‐density lipoprotein particles. These findings are supportive of enhanced reverse cholesterol transport and a functional high‐density lipoprotein phenotype.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02601560.