bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Establishment and Practice of Pharmacy Care Service Based on Internet Social Media: Telemedicine in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Li Huibo , Zheng Siqian , Li Da , Jiang Dechun , Liu Fang , Guo Wei , Zhao Zhenying , Zhou Yanfei , Liu Jingting , Zhao Rongsheng 
Published: October 2021

Objective: For patients with chronic diseases requiring long-term use of medications who are quarantined at home, the management of medication therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic is a problem that pharmacists urgently need to discuss and solve. The study aims to establish and launch a telepharmacy framework to implement pharmaceutical care during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: To establish a remote pharmacy service model based on a medication consultation service platform under the official account of the “Beijing Pharmacists Association” on the social software WeChat app, obtain the medication consultation records from February 28 to April 27, 2020, during the worst period of the epidemic in China, and to perform a statistical analysis of the information about the patients seeking consultation, consultation process, content and follow-up results.Results: The medication consultation service system and telepharmacy service model based on social software were established in February 2020. The “Cloud Pharmacy Care” platform had 1,432 views and 66 followers and completed 39 counseling cases in 2 months. Counseling was available for patients of all ages. Of the 39 cases, 82.05% of patients were young and middle-aged. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the long-term medication usage problems of patients with chronic disease were effectively addressed using “Cloud Pharmacy Care”. In the consultation, 35 cases (89.7%) were related to the use of medicines or health products, and 4 cases (10.3%) involved disease state management and the use of supplements. The top five drug-related issues included the selection of medications, the dosage and usage of drugs, medications for special populations, medication therapy management of chronic diseases, and adverse drug reactions. All consultations were completed within 4 h, with a positive review rate of 97.4%.Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a remote pharmacy service “Cloud Pharmacy Care” based on the social software WeChat app was quickly constructed and applied to solve the medication-related problems of patients and the public during home quarantining. The significance of the study lies in the timely and interactive consultation model helps to carry out medication therapy management for chronically ill patients and improves patients’ medication compliance, improves medical quality, and plays a positive role in promoting the popularization of safe medication knowledge.
Persisting Effects of Ayahuasca on Empathy, Creative Thinking, Decentering, Personality, and Well-Being
Authors: Kiraga Maggie K. , Mason Natasha L. , Uthaug Malin V. , van Oorsouw Kim I.M. , Toennes Stefan W. , Ramaekers Johannes G. , Kuypers Kim P. C. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Naturalistic and placebo-controlled studies have suggested that ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian beverage, could be helpful in the treatment of psychopathologies like depression and anxiety disorders by changing otherwise disturbed cognitive and emotional processes. To better understand its full therapeutic potential, one way is to study the effects on processes like flexible thinking, empathy, and well-being, which are normally compromised in stress-related psychopathologies.Materials and Methods: Volunteers attending ayahuasca ceremonies were asked to complete a test battery at three separate occasions: baseline, the morning after, and 1 week after the ceremony. We included the constructs of creative thinking (measured by Picture Concept Test), empathy (Multifaceted Empathy Test), satisfaction with life (Satisfaction with Life Scale), decentering (Experiences Questionnaire), and personality (Big Five Inventory) into the test battery. Additionally, the psychedelic experience was quantified with the Persisting Effects Questionnaire, the Ego Dissolution Scale, and Visual Analogue Scales.Results: In total, 43 attendees (males = 22; females = 21) completed parts of the baseline assessment, 20 (males = 12; females = 8) completed assessments in the morning after the ceremony, and 19 (males = 14; females = 5) completed assessments at the 1-week follow-up. At one and 7 days post-ceremony, cognitive empathy, satisfaction with life, and decentering increased, while divergent thinking (Fluency corrected for Originality) decreased, when compared to baseline. Implicit emotional empathy increased at 1-week follow-up, whereas ratings of the trait neuroticism decreased.Conclusion: The study suggests that a single ingestion of ayahuasca in a social setting is associated with enhancement of subjective well-being, an enhanced ability to take an objective and non-judging stance towards the self (decentering), and the ability to correctly recognize emotions in others, compared to baseline, lasting up to 1 week post-ceremony. To understand the therapeutic potential related to these effects, further research with clinical populations is needed in which these effects can be assessed, including its link with therapeutic outcomes. Together, this will increase our understanding of the effectiveness and breadth of future therapeutic options.
The Efficacy of Triptolide in Preventing Diabetic Kidney Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liang Dongning , Mai Hanwen , Ruan Fangyi , Fu Haiyan 
Published: October 2021

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Triptolide (TP), the primary biologically active ingredient of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF), possesses the potential to solve the shortcomings of TWHF in treating diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in the clinic.Aim of the Study: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of TP in treating DKD and offer solid evidence for further clinical applications of TP.Materials and Methods: Eight databases (CNKI, VIP, CBM, WanFang, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane library) were electronically searched for eligible studies until October 17, 2020. We selected animal experimental studies using TP versus renin–angiotensin system inhibitors or nonfunctional liquids to treat DKD by following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two researchers independently extracted data from the included studies and assessed the risk of bias with the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias tool. Fixed-effects meta-analyses, subgroup analyses, and meta-regression were conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. Inplasy registration number: INPLASY2020100042.Results: Twenty-six studies were included. Meta-analysis showed that TP significantly reduced albuminuria (14 studies; standardized mean difference SMD: −1.44 [−1.65, −1.23], I2 = 87%), urine albumin/urine creatinine ratio (UACR) (8 studies; SMD: –5.03 [–5.74, −4.33], I2 = 84%), total proteinuria (4 studies; SMD: –3.12 [–3.75, −2.49], I2 = 0%), serum creatinine (18 studies; SMD: –0.30 [–0.49, −0.12], I2 = 76%), and blood urea nitrogen (12 studies; SMD: –0.40 [–0.60, −0.20], I2 value = 55%) in DKD animals, compared to the vehicle control. However, on comparing TP to the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors in DKD treatment, there was no marked difference in ameliorating albuminuria (3 studies; SMD: –0.35 [–0.72, 0.02], I2 = 41%), serum creatinine (3 studies; SMD: –0.07 [–0.62, 0.48], I2 = 10%), and blood urea nitrogen (2 studies; SMD: –0.35 [–0.97, 0.28], I2 = 0%). Of note, TP exhibited higher capacities in reducing UACR (2 studies; SMD: –0.66 [–1.31, −0.01], I2 = 0%) and total proteinuria (2 studies; SMD: –1.18 [–1.86, −2049], I2 = 0%). Meta-regression implicated that the efficacy of TP in reducing DKD albuminuria was associated with applied dosages. In addition, publication bias has not been detected on attenuating albuminuria between TP and RAS inhibitors after the diagnosis of DKD.Systematic Review Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier INPLASY2020100042
Waves Generated by Electron Beam in a Crater-Shaped Flux Rope
Authors: Dokgo Kyunghwan , Hwang Kyoung-Joo , Burch James L. , Yoon Peter H. 
Published: October 2021

Understanding the nature and characteristics of high-frequency waves inside a flux rope may be important as the wave-particle interaction is important for charged-particle energization and the ensuing dissipation process. We analyze waves generated by an electron beam in a crater-shaped magnetic flux rope observed by MMS spacecraft on the dawnside tailward magnetopause. In this MMS observation, a depression of magnetic field, or a crater, of ∼100 km is located at the center of the magnetic flux rope of ∼650 km. There exist parallel and perpendicular electrostatic wave modes inside the depression of the magnetic field at the center of the flux rope, and they are distinguished by their locations and frequencies. The parallel mode exists at the center of the magnetic depression and its power spectrum peaks below Fce (electron cyclotron frequency). In contrast, the perpendicular mode exists in the outer region associated with the magnetic depression, and its power spectrum peaks near Fce. The linear analysis of kinetic instability using a generalized dispersion solver shows that the parallel mode can be generated by the electron beam of 5,000 km/s. They can thermalize electrons ≲100 eV effectively. However, the generation mechanism of the perpendicular mode is not clear yet, which requires further study.
Medical Comorbidities in 181 Patients With Bipolar Disorder vs. Schizophrenia and Related Psychotic Disorders: Findings From a Single-Center, Retrospective Study From an Acute Inpatients Psychiatric Unit
Authors: Mariano Antonella , Di Lorenzo Giorgio , Jannini Tommaso B. , Santini Riccardo , Bertinelli Emanuela , Siracusano Alberto , Niolu Cinzia 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Medical comorbidities (MCs) represent a significant burden in terms of more frequent hospitalizations and overall lower life expectancy among people with severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). The present article aims to compare the prevalence of MCs and to examine the associated characteristics as marital status, job occupation, level of education, and living arrangements, between BD and SZ patients.Methods: One-hundred-eight-one patients with MCs (85/47% had BD and 96/53% had SZ) were recruited retrospectively from the Acute Inpatients Psychiatry Unit of Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, between January-2017 and December-2020. MCs were: cardiovascular diseases (CVD), bacterial infections, mycoses, viral diseases, neoplasms, musculoskeletal, respiratory tract, urological and male genital, gynecological, neurological, gastrointestinal, metabolic syndrome, nutritional, and metabolic diseases.Results: BD had more MC than SZ (36.2 vs. 28.2%, respectively, p = 0.04). CVD and metabolic MC were more common among BD (51.8 vs.34.4%; 51.8 vs.35.3%; p = 0.018; p = 0.039; respectively), while viral diseases were more frequent in SZ (13.5 vs.3.5%, p = 0.035). Hypertension was common in both psychiatric illnesses (81.8% BD vs. 65.6% SZ, p = 0.18). Obesity was the most frequent metabolic disease in both BD and SZ (75% BD vs. 73.5% SZ, p = 0.91), followed by diabetes mellitus (52.3% BD vs. 55.9% SZ, p = 0.93), metabolic syndrome (54.5% BD vs. 47.1% SZ, p = 0.67) and dysthyroidism (47.7% BD vs. 25.7% SZ, p = 0.093). After performing a binary logistic regression analysis, only two MCs showed a statistically significant association: patients with SZ had an OR of 2.01 [CI 95% (1.00–4.01)] for CVD compared to BD; on the other hand, patients with BD had an OR of 16.57 [CI 95% (3.58–76.77)] for gynecological diseases compared to SZ patients.Conclusions: MCs are common among people with severe mental illness, especially CVD and metabolic diseases, highlighting the need for a more collaborative relationship between general medical providers and psychiatrists.
Social Barriers for the Use of Available and Accessible Public Green Spaces
Authors: Noël Charlotte , Landschoot Lisa Van , Vanroelen Christophe , Gadeyne Sylvie 
Published: October 2021

Background: Our living environment impacts on our health and wellbeing. The physical and mental benefits of interaction with nature and the ecosystem are well-established in literature. From a public health perspective, it is thus crucial that people make use of public green spaces (PGSs) in urban areas. Therefore, it is important to understand why they are potentially under-used.Methods: In this research, we identified social barriers that prevent the (full) use of PGSs in the Brussels Capital Region (BCR). We applied a qualitative research methodology. Insights were generated through 51 individual face-to-face in-depth interviews with a group of PGS users diversified in terms of age, gender, migration background, and socioeconomic situation. Questions were open-ended, and the interview guide was semi-structured.Results: Our research identified three social barriers for the use of available and accessible PGSs: (1) perceived dangers due to bad precedents, the presence of socially frightening elements, or a lack of social control, (2) not feeling in place because of the dominance of a specific group of users or because of community perceptions, and (3) not fulfilling one's social needs. These barriers were different in their manifestations (barriers to go—barriers to stay—barriers for integral use) and resulted in a differential degree of PSG-use. We distinguished three different dimensions of the completeness or integrality (understood as full or optimal use) by which PGSs are used; the spatial integrality (using all the different parts of the PGS), the temporal integrality (using PGSs at all moments of the day), and the social integrality of PGS use (without any restriction concerning social interaction).Conclusions: While there are many benefits associated with PGSs, a continuous social evaluation of these physical places might generate social barriers resulting in a decline of their use, a more superficial use, or even in complete avoidance. Both the social context and social needs of individuals result in specific social barriers.
Features of the use of indirect evidence in the investigation of murders «without a corpse»
Authors: Skomorokhov Oleg , Solodovnik Vyacheslav 
Published: October 2021

In cases of murder «without a corpse», the most difficult and responsible task of the investigator and the court is to resolve the question of the guilt of the person accused of murder, when the event of the crime is established only by indirect evidence. In these cases, the question undoubtedly arises whether the accused will not be convicted of «killing» a living person. This consideration imposes additional duties on the investigator to inquire into the versions about the missing person’s presence with exceptional depth, on the one hand, and about the murder committed by the accused, on the other.
The entire classification of indirect evidence for its use in proving the guilt of the accused, when the corpse is not found and defendant denies his guilt, can be divided into two large groups: indirect evidence that is not related to the behavior of the accused and evidence related to his behavior.
The first group of indirect evidence includes facts that indicate the murder of the victim and the possible guilt of the accused in the murder. The second group involves evidence related to the defendant’s behavior: the behavior of the criminal aimed at evading his responsibility for murder; cases of the suspect (accused) showing awareness of certain elements of the crime mechanism and all other types of behavior that indirectly indicate guilt.
The article analyzes the possibilities of their use for obtaining truthful testimony from a suspect (accused) and his conviction by a court in cases of murder without a victim.
Realization of the right to freedom of conscience in the information and communication network Internet
Authors: Nikitina Anna 
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the problems of the realization of the right to freedom of conscience, arising from the acquisition of virtual reality. The problem of improving legislation in the field of protection of the right to freedom of conscience is one of the urgent problems.
Besides, the number of «Internet users» is growing, so there is the question – what kind of interaction between the virtual world and religion can be considered legal. In addition, various forms of abuse of the right to freedom of conscience appear because the development of the «Internet». In the conclusion, the author believes that the realization of the right to freedom of conscience in virtual reality is possible, but its mechanism needs legislative regulation.
The purpose of the issue is to provide a scientific analysis of the provisions guaranteeing the realization of the right to freedom of conscience in the Russian Federation, to develop scientifically based proposals and recommendations for improving the legislation on freedom of conscience in order to guarantee it in the Internet. In the article the author uses a complex of general scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, formal-logical, structural and systematic, which allowed to identify the features of the implementation of the right to freedom of conscience in the Internet.
The right to self-government: an international fixation of the definition
Authors: Pirozhkova Irina , Popov Aleksey 
Published: October 2021

The article summarizes and analyzes the basic standards of local self-government, reflected in international normative legal acts, including those developed within the framework of the CIS, which are framework in relation to Russian national standards. The theoretical problem of the definition of «the right to local self-government» is updated, the structure and features of related rights are analyzed. The main sources were international documents of the United Nations Organization, Union of independent states, as well as reports and strategic declarations of international public associations that carry out consultative and analytical work with local self-government systems around the world.
The authors classify international sources of law that set the standards for local self-government, dividing them into three groups. It is concluded that, in general, when the aforementioned standards are reflected in the national normative material, they are most fully contained in the international framework normative acts of the Union of independent states. The authors note, along with the role of the UN Advisory Committee on Local Self-Government Issues, the special importance of international non-governmental associations in the formation of standards of local self-government (United Cities and Local Governments, UCLG). The sum of international standards in the area under consideration consists in declarative acts of strategic development of the local self-government system.
Damage as a sign of corpus delicti in the procurement of goods, works and services ensuring state or municipal needs
Authors: Abramkin Aleksey 
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the concept and features of damage as a qualifying sign of abuse (corpus delicti) in the procurement of goods, works and services ensuring state or municipal needs. The subjective and objective criteria necessary to define the concept of «major damage» are revealed. The problem of qualification of acts containing signs of abuse in the field under consideration and delimitation of Art. 2004 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation from related offenses are touched upon. The issue of the validity of establishing the amounts of major and especially major damage for the qualification of the crime in question is analyzed. Based on statistical data, the average cost of one procurement item to ensure state or municipal needs is calculated. The most common methods of determining the supplier (contractor, performer) are identified. Various approaches and points of view of scientists concerning the issues of determining the amounts of major and especially major damage caused when committing abuses in the procurement of goods, works and services for state or municipal needs are analyzed.
The author formulates his position on the problems arising in connection with the unreasonableness of the established amounts of major and especially major damage caused by committing abuses in the field studied.
Criminal law protection of witnesses and victims (comparative analysis experience)
Authors: Denisov Sergey , Kirsanova Tat'yana 
Published: October 2021

This article deals with the process of criminal law protection of witnesses and victims. The legislation of the state establishes certain normative acts regulating this branch of law. It is necessary to clearly and strictly observe all measures. The world experience of this issue was also studied, where the Human Rights Convention was used. It is worth noting that each country has its own procedures and legislation, the experience of criminal legal protection is very different from the Russian legislative model of criminal legal protection of witnesses and victims.
The purpose of the study is to study the criminal law protection of witnesses and victims.
Main results of the study:
1. Criminal-legal protection in Russia is considered;
2. The world experience of protection of victims and witnesses has been studied;
3. The normative-legal acts in this area have been analyzed.
The object of the study is witnesses and victims.
The subject of the study is the main measures of criminal law to ensure the protection of citizens.
The degree of development of this issue is very extensive. This study was carried out by such scientistsas I. L. Kozochkipa, A. Petrovsky, Kvashis V. E., Zaitsev O. A., Aparova T. V. and others. The research of foreign scientists, such as: Waller I.