bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Cements Curing Modes Regarding Microleakage During Cementation of E-max Laminate Veneers
Authors: Alqahtani Waleed , Galal Rami Mohammed , Hamza Ghada 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the curing modes of two adhesive resin cements (Light cure mode of the Variolink Veneer, the self-cure mode and dual cure mode of the Multilink Automix) on the marginal leakage of lithium disilicate ceramic laminate veneers. Methods: A total number of forty eight extracted natural central incisors were prepared to receive ceramic laminate veneers, constructed using E-max ceramic divided into three groups cemented using three curing modes of two adhesive resin cements {light-cure mode of Variolink Veneer, self-cure mode of Multilink Automix and dual-cure mode of Multilink Automix adhesive resin cements} . Die penetration test was done using the methylene blue stain {qualitative assessment} for testing the die penetration along the tooth/ceramic interface. Results: Descriptive statistical analysis revealed that the self-curing mode recorded the significantly least degree of leakage compared to the light and dual cure modes. The self-cure mode recorded (0.1±0.3) which was significantly lower than light cure (1.2 ±0.9) and dual cure mode (1.2 ±0.4), there was no statistical significant difference between the later two curing modes. The self-cure mode of the resin cement is considered a more effective method for having the least marginal leakage at the tooth/ceramic interface. There was no difference between the light cure mode and the dual cure mode.
Women's fan writing and transformative works in eleventh-century Japan
Authors: Khachidze Ellis 
Published: September 2021

This exploration of the literary cultures of eleventh-century Japan analyzes the ways in which the writing and reading practices of the period resemble those of modern transformative fan communities. Studying the defining fictional text of this era, The Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu (ca. 1021), within the framework of fan studies demonstrates how existing so-called canonical material was transformed into a vehicle for female-centric reimaginings of dominant narratives. The circumstances of the work's authorship and its initial reception are examined via the author's own diary and The Sarashina Diary (ca. 1059), a memoir written by an early reader of the Genji, providing insight into both individual fan identity and the extensive female-led fan communities of the period.
Las especies del infraorden Gryllidea (Orthoptera, Ensifera) de la Colección Entomológica del Centro de Investigación Forestal de Lourizán (Pontevedra)
Authors: Pino Pérez Rubén , Llucià-Pomares David , Pino Pérez Juan José 
Published: September 2021

Se presenta información específica de los ejemplares del infraorden Gryllidea depositados en la Colección Entomológica LOU-Arthr del Centro de Investigación Forestal de Lourizán y se revisa su estado de conocimiento en Galicia. Actualmente la colección cuenta con 450 ejemplares pertenecientes a cuatro de las cinco familias conocidas de la península ibérica (Gryllidae, Trigonidiidae, Mogoplistidae y Gryllotalpidae), seis subfamilias (Gryllinae, Oecanthinae, Trigonidiinae, Nemobiinae, Mogoplistinae y Gryllotalpinae), y 10 táxones [Eugryllodes escalerai (Bolívar, 1894), Gryllus (Gryllus) campestris Linnaeus, 1758, Gryllus (Gryllus) bimaculatus De Geer, 1773, Eumodicogryllus bordigalensis (Latreille, 1804), Oecanthus pellucens pellucens (Scopoli, 1763), Trigonidium (Trigonidium) cicindeloides Rambur, 1838, Nemobius sylvestris sylvestris (Bosc, 1792), Pteronemobius (Stilbonemobius) lineolatus (Brullé, 1835), Pseudomogoplistes vicentae Gorochov, 1996 y Gryllotalpa vineae Bennet-Clark, 1970]. Se citan por primera vez G. (G.) campestris para Lugo, O. pellucens pellucens para Lugo y Ourense, T. (T.) cicindeloides para A Coruña, Pt. (St.) lineolatus para Lugo, Ourense y Pontevedra, E. bordigalensis para Ourense y Pontevedra y G. vineae para Galicia.
Engaging student employee expertise to improve Wikipedia edit-a-thons
Authors: Cowles Kelsey , Glusker Ann , Gogan Aimee , Lillich Alicia , Sheppard Margie , Vitale Elaina , Waltman Liz , Wilson Tess , Wilson Amanda J. 
Published: September 2021

Although academic skepticism of Wikipedia’s value as an information resource is widespread, the collaboratively created online encyclopedia is in fact one of the most frequently used health information resources in the world, including among students and professionals. As a result, the U.S.-based Network of the National Library of Medicine (NNLM) has, since 2018, organized biannual “#CiteNLM” edit-a-thons aimed at strengthening Wikipedia’s health pages by adding content and citations to trusted sources of information. The first #CiteNLM edit-a-thon was a one-day virtual event in April 2018; since then NNLM’s edit-a-thons have evolved into month-long campaigns engaging primarily academic libraries with in-person edit-a-thons as well as virtual events. Hundreds of students, faculty, and library staff across the country (many of whom were new to Wikipedia editing) have collaborated in NNLM’s efforts to support universal access to high-quality health information. To date, over 600 health articles have been edited by over 400 editors. The current #CiteNLM campaign structure makes it easy for either individuals or groups to contribute or host affiliated events, which can include classroom exercises, citizen science projects, or library engagement efforts.
Quelques notes historiques sur la Synagogue antique, la maison d'études et le milieu rabbinique en Judée/Galilée au temps de la Mishna et du Talmud
Authors: Friedheim Emmanuel 
Published: September 2021

Notre article a pour objectif de retracer les relations entre le milieu synagogal et celui de la maison d'études (Beth Hamidrash) à l'époque de la Mishna et du Talmud en Palestine romaine. S'agissait-il d'une même institution ou bien de deux institutions distinctes ? Les avis des chercheurs sont partagés sur la question. Celle-ci relance notamment le débat concernant la place d'un « judaïsme synagogal », rivalisant avec le judaïsme rabbinique, ce qui aurait peut-être conduit à la création d'une institution rabbinique, tel que le Beth Hamidrash laquelle se serait alors démarquée du milieu synagogal non-rabbinique.
Beyond Flexner
Authors: Mullan Fitzhugh , Fair Malika , Meiri Amir , Zeidan Amy , O'Donnell Sarah Diamond , Darcy-Mahoney Ashley , Covelli Asefeh Faraz 
Published: September 2021

Purpose:
Medical schools are uniquely positioned to contribute to the changing healthcare climate by increasing diversity in the healthcare workforce and addressing social determinants of health. The purpose of this study was to develop a framework for promoting social mission in medical education and develop case studies of medical schools that exemplify social mission.

Materials and Methods:
The research team and Advisory Committee first used an iterative process to identify eight core modalities as essential elements in the social mission of medical education. Each modality was supported by a literature review. Six schools were selected for their commitment to enhancing health equity. Interviews and focus groups were then conducted with school leadership, key faculty, students, and residents to learn about the social mission activities of the school and to evaluate the school's commitment to the eight core modalities.

Results:
All schools selected for case studies integrated and actively engaged with all eight modalities: school mission, cultivation of the pipeline, student admissions, curricular structure and content, location of clinical experience, tuition management, mentorship, and postgraduate engagement. Each modality was utilized to advance the school's social mission, demonstrating these modalities as a useful framework for promoting the social mission of medical education.

Conclusion:
The social mission modalities were developed to provide a tool for institutions to discuss, promote, or measure their social mission. This is ever-more important in the current healthcare climate and should be incorporated not only in medical education but also in all health professions education to build a culture of health.
Baska Mask is non-inferior to tracheal tube in preventing airway contamination during controlled ventilation in elective nasal surgeries
Authors: Priya H. , Sripriya R. , Ravishankar M. , Karthikeyan P. , Charulatha R. 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims:
Baska Mask, a newly designed third-generation supraglottic device, has a sump where the pharyngeal secretions can collect and be suctioned out continuously. We aimed to study the effectiveness of Baska Mask in preventing airway contamination during nasal surgeries. Our primary objective was to assess airway soiling using fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Total airway manipulation time, haemodynamic parameters during device insertion and post-operative oro-pharyngeal morbidities were the secondary objectives.

Methods:
Eighty-four participants undergoing nasal surgeries were randomised to either have their airway maintained with Baska Mask (Group-BM) or Endotracheal tube (Group-TT). Fibreoptic bronchoscopy was performed at the end of the surgery and the airway was inspected for signs of contamination. Total airway manipulation time, haemodynamic parameters during device insertion and post-operative oro-pharyngeal morbidities were also assessed. Unpaired Student’s t test was used for parametric data and Chi-square test for nonparametric data. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the intra-group analysis of haemodynamic data.

Results:
Tracheal contamination was not observed in any patient in either group. Time taken for device insertion (Group TT: 24.24 ± 6.86 s vs. Group BM: 24.22 ± 7.3 s; P = 0.97) was similar in both the groups. The total airway manipulation time was 2 min longer in Group-TT (P = 0.000) due to additional time taken for insertion of throat pack. Haemodynamic parameters during device insertion were stable and post-operative oro-pharyngeal morbidities were fewer with Baska Mask when compared to Tracheal tube.

Conclusions:
Baska Mask is non-inferior to tracheal tube in preventing tracheal contamination in patients undergoing nasal surgeries.
Comparison of hypotensive properties of dexmedetomidine versus clonidine for induced hypotension during functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Bafna Usha , Sharma Priya , Singhal Rajneesh K , Gurjar Satveer S , Bhargava Suresh K 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims:
Excessive bleeding is a major concern in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) under general anaesthesia; this can be decreased by various hypotensive agents. This study was conducted to compare the hypotensive effectiveness and haemodynamic stability of dexmedetomidine and clonidine in patients undergoing elective FESS.

Methods:
In this prospective double-blinded interventional study, 70 adult patients of either sex, 20–50 years of age, posted for elective FESS were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A received a loading dose of intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg, followed by infusion of 1 μg/kg/h, and group B received a loading dose of IV clonidine 2 μg/kg, followed by 1 μg/kg/h infusion. Surgical field quality, emergence time, sedation score, visual analogue score, recovery profile and haemodynamic parameters were recorded. Statistical analysis was done by Student’s unpaired t-test to evaluate the significance of normally distributed variables, whereas Mann–Whitney test and Chi-square test were used for ordinal data and categorical variables and proportions, respectively.

Results:
In both the groups, target mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 65–70 mmHg and improved surgical field quality were achieved. MAP and heart rate (HR) were statistically significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group with a longer duration of post-operative analgesia (P = 0.001). None of the groups showed any statistically significant adverse effects.

Conclusions:
Both dexmedetomidine and clonidine can be used for controlled hypotension to improve surgical field quality in FESS. Dexmedetomidine provides more haemodynamic stability and an additional benefit of post-operative analgesia and conscious sedation.
Age- & sex-specific infection fatality ratios for COVID-19 estimated from two serially conducted community-based serosurveys, Chennai, India, 2020
Authors: Vivian Thangaraj Jeromie Wesley , Kumar Muthusamy Santhosh , Velusamy Saravanakumar , Girish Kumar C.P. , Selvaraju Sriram , Sabarinathan R. , Jagadeesan M. , Hemalatha M.S. , Bhatnagar Tarun , Murhekar Manoj Vasant 
Published: September 2021

Background & objectives:
Infection fatality ratio (IFR) is considered a more robust and reliable indicator than case fatality ratio for severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Age- and sex-stratified IFRs are crucial to guide public health response. Infections estimated through representative community-based serosurveys would gauge more accurate IFRs than through modelling studies. We describe age- and sex-stratified IFR for COVID-19 estimated through serosurveys conducted in Chennai, India.

Methods:
Two community-based serosurveys were conducted among individuals aged ≥10 yr during July and October 2020 in 51 of the 200 wards spread across 15 zones of Chennai. Total number of SARS-CoV-2 infections were estimated by multiplying the total population of the city aged ≥10 yr with the weighted seroprevalence and IFR was calculated by dividing the number of deaths with the estimated number of infections.

Results:
IFR was 17.3 [95% confidence interval (CI): 14.1-21.6] and 16.6 (95% CI: 13.8-20.2) deaths/10,000 infections during July and October 2020, respectively. Individuals aged 10-19 years had the lowest IFR [first serosurvey (R1): 0.2/10,000, 95% CI: 0.2-0.3 and second serosurvey (R2): 0.2/10,000, 95% CI: 0.1-0.2], and it increased with age and was highest among individuals aged above 60 yr (R1: 140.0/10,000, 95% CI: 107.0-183.8 and R2: 111.2/10,000, 95% CI: 89.2-142.0).

Interpretation & conclusions:
Our findings suggested that the IFR increased with age and was high among the elderly. Therefore, elderly population need to be prioritized for public health interventions including vaccination, frequent testing in long-term care facilities and old age homes, close clinical monitoring of the infected and promoting strict adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions.
Objective comparison of three different treatment modalities in the esthetic improvement of mild-to-moderate dental fluorosis
Authors: Quadros Gishelle Swapna , Sugandhan S , Deepak B M , Basappa N , Raju O S , Shagale Amitha M 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
To compare and evaluate esthetic improvement following resin infiltration, vital bleaching, and diode laser bleaching in mild-to-moderate fluorosis conditions immediately after treatment, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively.

Study Design:
Sixteen patients with Central and lateral incisors showing mild-to-moderate fluorosis according to modified Dean's fluorosis index were selected and simple randomization was done to allocate the teeth to resin infiltration group, vital bleaching group, diode laser bleaching group, and control group. Esthetic improvement posttreatment was assessed using digital image analysis using Adobe Photoshop software and color change (ΔE) was calculated.

Results:
The inferential statistics included Kruskal–Wallis test and Friedman's ANOVA test. Vital bleaching showed the highest esthetic improvement followed by diode laser bleaching, vital bleaching, and control group at all the different time intervals. The results, however, were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
All the three treatment measures brought about esthetic enhancement with the vital bleaching group showing slightly better results when compared with other study groups.
Oral health treatment needs and dental service utilization among outpatients with mental disorders in Nigeria
Authors: Amedari McKing Izeiza , Jeboda Sonny O. , Akinsulore Adesanmi , Ogunbodede E. O. 
Published: September 2021

Aim:
The aim of the study was to determine the dental treatment needs and the level of dental service utilization among patients with mental disorders (PWMD).

Setting:
This was a cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria conducted between March and November 2018.

Methodology:
The community periodontal index of treatment of needs and the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index were used to determine the dental and periodontal treatment needs. Dental service utilization was determined using a self-reporting assessment questionnaire. All data analyses were carried out using the IBM SPSS® Statistics version 20 and the statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
A total of 116 PWMD participated in the study with 51.7% being females. The age range was between 19 and 57 years and the mean age was 37.16 (±10.52). Dental treatment need was 40.8%, while 66% needed a range of periodontal interventions and this showed no statistically significant differences in terms of gender (P = 0.67, P = 0.15, respectively). While 32.7% had made previous dental visits, past caries experience, and other factors such as gender were significant predictors for dental visits.

Conclusion:
There was a high dental and periodontal treatment need among PWMD, yet the dental service utilization was low. More collaborations between oral and mental health specialists are needed to improve dental service utilization and promote holistic health care for PWMD.
ADJUSTMENT OF ROD STRING VIBRATIONS IN DEEP-WELL PUMPS UPON IMPACT
Authors: DAMİROVA Javida 
Published: September 2021

In the article, studying the behavior of a rod strings is considered, the character of the change in dynamic pressure in rods is studied. On the basis of the equation fluctuation of a homogeneous core, the question on fluctuations of rod strings is studied more deeply.
One of the most important problems in the operation of sucker rod pumps is the problem of selecting a sucker rod string. The growth of well depths requires not only a complete analysis of the operation of the existing equipment, but also the rational operation of such wells. Many researchers have dealt with the calculation of the dynamic forces acting on the sucker rods.
Here, with the help of mathematical modeling, an analytical expression was obtained, which allows one to study the nature of changes in dynamic stresses in the rods, the problem of optimizing the choice of the dimensions and weight of the rods is formulated.
Cirugía Transanal Miniinvasiva (TAMIS) Caso Clínico
Authors: Viola Malet Marcelo , Gabito Isabel , Liz Alejandra , Lavega Álvaro , Cerchiari Emilia , Gayo Gonzalo , Lapiedra Diego 
Published: September 2021

Introducción.
La cirugía miniinvasiva transanal es un abordaje que se ha venido desarrollando en la última década como una herramienta muy eficaz en el tratamiento de lesiones de recto medio-bajo, tanto benignas como malignas en etapas tempranas.
Consiste en la utilización de un dispositivo que se coloca en forma transanal, que permite a su través realizar una insuflación del recto, e introducir pinzas de laparoscopía para realizar la excéresis completa de lesiones rectales. Éste abordaje cumple con todos los preceptos de la cirugía miniinvasiva.

Descripción.
Presentamos el caso clínico de una paciente de 68 años, a la cual realizamos mediante TAMIS (TransAnal Miniinvasive Surgery), una resección de espesor total de la pared del recto bajo, incluyendo la cicatriz de un procedimiento endoscópico previo insuficiente.
La paciente se realizó, en julio de 2019, una videocolonoscopía (VCC) por una prueba de sangre oculta en materia fecal (FECATEST) positiva, la cual mostró un pólipo sésil de recto de 2,5cm de diámetro a unos 6-8cm del margen anal que se reseca en su totalidad por técnica de piecemeal. El resultado anatomopatológico informó la presencia de unadenocarcinoma con infiltración submucosa de 4 mm de profundidad. Márgenes a menos de 1mm de la lesión.
Se solicitó una nueva VCC en diciembre de 2019 que evidencia, a unos 6-8cm del margen anal, sobre cara posterolateral derecha, la cicatriz de la polipectomía previa, sin resurgencias. Resto del colon sin lesiones.
Examen proctológico: no se palpa la cicatriz.
Con vistas a completar la evaluación de la paciente, se solicitó una resonancia nuclear magnética (RNM) de abdomen y pelvis que informó: área de leve engrosamiento mucoso de 30 mm en cara póstero-lateral izquierda del recto a 5 cm del margen anal. No presenta restricción a la difusión ni realce con contraste que sugiera a actividad tumoral. Mesorrecto sano. No hay otras alteraciones patológicas en el estudio. Marcadores tumorales dentro de rango normal.
Se discutió con la paciente las diferentes opciones terapéuticas: control con examen clínico, rectoscopía y RNM o ecografía endorrectal seriadas o, resección de espesor parietal total de la cicatriz para estudio anatomopatológico completo y estadificación de la lesión. Discutidas las ventajas y desventajas de cada opción, la paciente y su familia optaron por la cirugía.
Se realizó la misma sin incidentes otorgándole el alta a domicilio a las 24hs de la cirugía. Se controló a la semana, al mes y a los 3 meses permaneciendo asintomática hasta la fecha.
Conclusiones.
La resección miniinvasiva de lesiones de recto con fines diagnósticos o terapéuticos es una opción segura y confiable. Nos permite obtener una pieza íntegra para su análisis anatomopatológico, lo que otorga una mayor seguridad para la toma de decisiones frente a la estadificación de la lesión.
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia, Types, Causes and Treatments: A Review Study
Authors: Aljazaeri Sarah Ali 
Published: September 2021

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia results from a readiness for the bilirubin production in neonates and limited their ability to excrete it. The diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia based on yellow discoloration of the skin and whiteness of eyes, idle in the child's movement and the lack of lactation. The baby seems sick or is difficult to awaken. Bilirubin is a tetrapyrrole pigment derived from breakdown product of normal heme catabolism in senescent red blood cells. Unconjugated bilirubin normal elevation is named newborn physiologic hyperbilirubinemia, whereas the level of bilirubin of infant normally to be a bit higher after birth, In the same context the placenta in the womb of the mother. Pathologic hyperbilirubinemia is defined as odd of bilirubin from the normal level so intervention required. Many reasons for this type of jaundice
La influencia de las tecnologías de información y comunicación en la pyme en el puerto de Veracruz
Authors: Salazar Herrera Marina Elizabeth , Aguirre Bautista Dora Emilia 
Published: September 2021

Este documento es producto de un estudio acerca de la influencia de las tecnologías de información y comunicación en la micro y pequeña empresa (mype), de aquí que su objetivo es examinar las estrategias digitales encaminadas a la comercialización de productos y servicios que se ha utilizado en estas empresas, para sobresalir y mantenerse en situaciones sociales emergentes durante el año 2020, considerando los recursos que posee. Se espera concluir con un resumen de medios digitales utilizados, en la idea que sirva de base a otras empresas en situaciones similares.
AbstractThis research is the product of a study on how Information and Communication Technologies influence micro and small enterprises (SME); the objective is the examination of digital strategies aimed at the commercialization of products and services that these companies used to become sustainable and to be able to maintain themselves during the social issues which emerged in 2020, considering the resources they possessed. We hope to conclude with a summary of digital media that these enterprises used to provide information that may be used as a basis for other enterprises in similar situations.