bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preferences for Gender Affirming Treatment and Associated Factors Among Transgender People in Sweden
Authors: Axfors Cathrine , Iliadis Stavros I. , Rasmusson Lovisa L. , Beckman Ulrika , Fazekas Attila , Frisén Louise , Sandström Lotta , Thelin Nils , Wahlberg Jeanette , Skalkidou Alkistis , Papadopoulos Fotios C. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Gender affirming surgery of primary and/or secondary sex characteristics has been shown to alleviate gender dysphoria. A descriptive snapshot of current treatment preferences is useful to understand the needs of the transgender population seeking health care. This study aimed to describe preferences for gender affirming treatment, and their correlates, among individuals seeking health care for gender dysphoria in Sweden after major national legislative reforms.

Methods
Cross-sectional study where transgender patients (n = 232) recruited from all six Gender Dysphoria centers in Sweden 2016–2019, answered a survey on treatment preferences and sociodemographic, health, and gender identity-related information during the same time-period. Factors associated with preferring top surgery (breast augmentation or mastectomy), genital surgery, and other surgery (e.g., facial surgery) were examined in univariable and multivariable regression analyses in the 197 people without prior such treatment. Main study outcomes were preferences for feminizing or masculinizing hormonal and surgical gender affirming treatment.

Results
The proportion among birth assigned male and assigned female patients preferring top surgery was 55.6% and 88.7%, genital surgery 88.9% and 65.7%, and other surgery (e.g., facial surgery) 85.6% and 22.5%, respectively. Almost all participants (99.1%) wanted or had already received hormonal treatment and most (96.7%) wished for some kind of surgical treatment; 55.0% wanted both top and genital surgery. Preferring a binary pronoun (he/she) and factors indicating more severe gender incongruence were associated with a greater wish for surgical treatment. Participants with somatic comorbidities were less likely to want genital surgery, while aF with lacking social support were less likely to want internal genital surgery, in the multivariable analyses.

Conclusions
In this sample of Swedish young adults seeking health care for gender dysphoria, preferences for treatment options varied according to perceived gender identity.

Policy Implications
The study findings underline the need for individualized care and flexible gender affirming treatment options. The role of somatic comorbidities should be further explored, and support should be offered to transgender people in need. There is an unmet need for facial surgery among aM.
Suicide ideation and psychosocial distress among refugee adolescents in Bidibidi settlement in West Nile, Uganda
Authors: Bukuluki Paul , Kisaakye Peter , Wandiembe Symon Peter , Besigwa Samuel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the factors associated with suicidal ideation and psychological distress among Sudanese refugees (aged 10–19 years) in Bidibidi refugee settlement, Yumbe district, Uganda. The analysis is based on cross-sectional data collected as part of the implementation of a project on sexual and reproductive health in Bidibidi refugee settlement. Data were collected from 284 South Sudanese adolescents in July 2020. We estimated the prevalence of psychological distress and suicidal ideation, and their associated profiles. Odds ratios and their 95% Confidence Intervals based on a logistic regression model were used to assess the effect of different potential factors on the risk profiles for suicidal ideation and psychological distress. The prevalence of psychological distress (on KS-6 scale) was estimated to be 12.3% (95%CI: 8.7, 16.7%). The risk for psychological distress is low among male adolescents (AOR = 0.51; 95%CI: 0.23, 1.02), older adolescents, (AOR = 0.12; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.40), and adolescents with a friend or family members they can confide in (AOR = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.11, 0.96). Both suicidal ideation and psychological distress are very high among the female adolescents. Familial and individual interventions can be potentially useful for female adolescents who have a high risk of suicide and psychological distress.
A meta-synthesis of the use of activity theory in design for sustainable behaviour
Authors: Chu Wanjun , Glad Wiktoria , Wever Renee 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Over the past decade, the field of design for sustainable behaviour (DfSB) has gained a growing amount of research interest. However, as the field evolves, new challenges also arise. A suitable unit of analysis is needed to contextualize users’ behaviour issues in a broader socio-cultural and long-term perspective. This paper explores the use of activity theory (AT) as a potential lens for guiding empirical analysis and design exploration in DfSB. By employing a meta-synthesis approach, we systematically search and synthesize existing studies that adopted AT in design for sustainability. Key findings show that AT’s principles and theoretical implications are especially useful for helping design researchers frame and address DfSB challenges. We argue that by taking activity as the unit of analysis, the AT lens can enable researchers to incorporate users’ dynamic, multi-level and complex activity systems into DfSB considerations.
Provincialising International Relations through a reading of dharma
Authors: Shani Giorgio , Behera Navnita Chadha 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article will attempt to ‘provincialise’ (Chakrabarty, 2000) the ‘secular cosmology’ of International Relations (IR) through an examination of the relational cosmology of dharma. We argue that IR is grounded in ‘secularised’ Judaeo-Christian assumptions concerning time, relations between self and other, order, and the sovereign state that set the epistemic limits of the discipline. These assumptions will be ‘provincialised’ through an engagement with dharma based on a reading of The Mahābharāta, one of the oldest recorded texts in the world. We argue that the concept of dharma offers a mode of understanding the multidimensionality of human existence without negating any of its varied, contradictory expressions. By deconstructing notions of self and other, dharma illustrates how all beings are related to one another in a moral, social, and cosmic order premised on human agency, which flows from ‘inside-out’ rather than ‘outside-in’ and that is governed by a heterogenous understanding of time. This order places limits on the state's exercise of power in a given territory by making the state responsible for creating social conditions that would enable all beings to realise their potential, thus qualifying the principle of state sovereignty that remains the foundation of the ‘secular cosmology of IR’.
From conflict to complementarity: Reconciling international counterterrorism law and international humanitarian law
Authors: Saul Ben 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article clarifies the ongoing confusion in doctrine and practice about both the actual and optimal interaction between international counterterrorism law (CTL) and international humanitarian law (IHL) in armed conflict. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the co-application of CTL with IHL, before considering a variety of techniques for mutually accommodating the interests of both regimes, particularly through partial exclusion clauses in counterterrorism instruments or laws. It concludes by identifying the optimal approach to the relationship between CTL and IHL, which recognizes the legitimate interests of both fields of law while minimizing the adverse impacts of each on the other.
Inhibition of USP28 overcomes Cisplatin-resistance of squamous tumors by suppression of the Fanconi anemia pathway
Authors: Prieto-Garcia Cristian , Hartmann Oliver , Reissland Michaela , Fischer Thomas , Maier Carina R. , Rosenfeldt Mathias , Schülein-Völk Christina , Klann Kevin , Kalb Reinhard , Dikic Ivan , Münch Christian , Diefenbacher Markus E. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) frequently have an exceptionally high mutational burden. As consequence, they rapidly develop resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy and overall survival is limited. Novel therapeutic strategies are therefore urgently required. SCC express ∆Np63, which regulates the Fanconi Anemia (FA) DNA-damage response in cancer cells, thereby contributing to chemotherapy-resistance. Here we report that the deubiquitylase USP28 is recruited to sites of DNA damage in cisplatin-treated cells. ATR phosphorylates USP28 and increases its enzymatic activity. This phosphorylation event is required to positively regulate the DNA damage repair in SCC by stabilizing ∆Np63. Knock-down or inhibition of USP28 by a specific inhibitor weakens the ability of SCC to cope with DNA damage during platin-based chemotherapy. Hence, our study presents a novel mechanism by which ∆Np63 expressing SCC can be targeted to overcome chemotherapy resistance. Limited treatment options and low response rates to chemotherapy are particularly common in patients with squamous cancer. The SCC specific transcription factor ∆Np63 enhances the expression of Fanconi Anemia genes, thereby contributing to recombinational DNA repair and Cisplatin resistance. Targeting the USP28-∆Np63 axis in SCC tones down this DNA damage response pathways, thereby sensitizing SCC cells to cisplatin treatment.
Biological functions and clinical significance of long noncoding RNAs in bladder cancer
Authors: Zhang Yan , Chen Xianwu , Lin Juntao , Jin Xiaodong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBladder cancer (BCa) is one of the 10 most common cancers with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a large class of noncoding RNA transcripts, consist of more than 200 nucleotides and play a significant role in the regulation of molecular interactions and cellular pathways during the occurrence and development of various cancers. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of high-throughput gene sequencing technology, several differentially expressed lncRNAs have been discovered in BCa, and their functions have been proven to have an impact on BCa development, such as cell growth and proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and drug-resistance. Furthermore, evidence suggests that lncRNAs are significantly associated with BCa patients’ clinicopathological characteristics, especially tumor grade, TNM stage, and clinical progression stage. In addition, lncRNAs have the potential to more accurately predict BCa patient prognosis, suggesting their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for BCa patients in the future. In this review, we briefly summarize and discuss recent research progress on BCa-associated lncRNAs, while focusing on their biological functions and mechanisms, clinical significance, and targeted therapy in BCa oncogenesis and malignant progression.
Risks and rewards of increasing patient access to medical records in clinical ophthalmology using OpenNotes
Authors: Radell Jake E. , Tatum Jasmine N. , Lin Chen-Tan , Davidson Richard S. , Pell Jonathan , Sieja Amber , Wu Albert Y. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The implementation of OpenNotes and corresponding increase in patient access to medical records requires thorough assessment of the risks and benefits of note-sharing. Ophthalmology notes are unique among medical records in that they extensively utilize non-standardized abbreviations and drawings; they are often indecipherable even to highly-educated clinicians outside of ophthalmology. No studies to date have assessed ophthalmologist perceptions of OpenNotes.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from 4/28 to 5/12/2016. A survey was distributed to 30 clinicians (25 ophthalmologists, three optometrists, two nurses) in the University of Colorado’s Department of Ophthalmology to evaluate provider attitudes towards granting patients access to online medical records.

Results
Many clinicians felt patients would have difficulty understanding their records and may be unnecessarily alarmed or offended by them. Some clinicians worried their workload would increase and feared having to change the way they document. Perceived benefits of OpenNotes included improving patient understanding of their medical conditions, strengthening patient–physician trust, and enhancing patient care. Many perceived risks and benefits of note-sharing were associated with conceptions of the ideal clinician–patient relationship.

Conclusions
Clinicians in ophthalmology perceived both benefits and consequences of increasing patient access to ophthalmic records, and there were significant correlations between these perceptions and their conceptions of the clinician–patient relationship. This is the first study to assess potential ophthalmology provider attitudes toward sharing ophthalmic records. Although limited in sample size and power, this study demonstrates some ways patient-accessible ophthalmic records can affect the clinical practice of ophthalmology and emphasizes the unique challenges of OpenNotes in ophthalmology.
Local and correlated studies of humidity-mediated ferroelectric thin film surface charge dynamics
Authors: Gaponenko Iaroslav , Musy Loïc , Domingo Neus , Stucki Nicolas , Verdaguer Albert , Bassiri-Gharb Nazanin , Paruch Patrycja 
Published: October 2021

AbstractElectrochemical phenomena in ferroelectrics are of particular interest for catalysis and sensing applications, with recent studies highlighting the combined role of the ferroelectric polarisation, applied surface voltage and overall switching history. Here, we present a systematic Kelvin probe microscopy study of the effect of relative humidity and polarisation switching history on the surface charge dissipation in ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 thin films. We analyse the interaction of surface charges with ferroelectric domains through the framework of physically constrained unsupervised machine learning matrix factorisation, Dictionary Learning, and reveal a complex interplay of voltage-mediated physical processes underlying the observed signal decays. Additional insight into the observed behaviours is given by a Fitzhugh–Nagumo reaction–diffusion model, highlighting the lateral spread and charge passivation process contributors within the Dictionary Learning analysis.
Polygenic basis and biomedical consequences of telomere length variation
Authors: Codd Veryan , Wang Qingning , Allara Elias , Musicha Crispin , Kaptoge Stephen , Stoma Svetlana , Jiang Tao , Hamby Stephen E. , Braund Peter S. , Bountziouka Vasiliki , Budgeon Charley A. , Denniff Matthew , Swinfield Chloe , Papakonstantinou Manolo , Sheth Shilpi , Nanus Dominika E. , Warner Sophie C. , Wang Minxian , Khera Amit V. , Eales James , Ouwehand Willem H. , Thompson John R. , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , Wood Angela M. , Butterworth Adam S. , Danesh John N. , Nelson Christopher P. , Samani Nilesh J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTelomeres, the end fragments of chromosomes, play key roles in cellular proliferation and senescence. Here we characterize the genetic architecture of naturally occurring variation in leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and identify causal links between LTL and biomedical phenotypes in 472,174 well-characterized UK Biobank participants. We identified 197 independent sentinel variants associated with LTL at 138 genomic loci (108 new). Genetically determined differences in LTL were associated with multiple biological traits, ranging from height to bone marrow function, as well as several diseases spanning neoplastic, vascular and inflammatory pathologies. Finally, we estimated that, at the age of 40 years, people with an LTL >1 s.d. shorter than the population mean had a 2.5-year-lower life expectancy compared with the group with ≥1 s.d. longer LDL. Overall, we furnish new insights into the genetic regulation of LTL, reveal wide-ranging influences of LTL on physiological traits, diseases and longevity, and provide a powerful resource available to the global research community.
CircRNA_0079586 and circRNA_RanGAP1 are involved in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysms rupture by regulating the expression of MPO
Authors: Zhang Zhuang , Sui Rubo , Ge Lili , Xia Dongjian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSeveral circRNAs have been reported to be dysregulated in human endothelial cells through sponging miRNAs. Previous reports demonstrated that MPO not only contributed to the formation and rupture of cerebral aneurysm but was also correlated with the degenerative remodeling predisposition to saccular intracranial aneurysm wall rupture, although its underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. Microarray screening was performed to compare the differential expression of circRNAs in the endothelial cells collected from UIAs and RIAs patients. Luciferase assays were used to explore the regulatory relationship between circRNAs and miRNAs, and between miRNAs and their target genes. Microarray screening analysis found a batch of up-regulated circRNAs in the endothelial cells harvested from RIAs patients, including circRNA-0079586 and circRNA-RanGAP1. Luciferase assays revealed the suppressive role of miR-183-5p/miR-877-3p in the expression of circRNA-0079586/circRNA-RanGAP1/MPO. And the expression of circRNA-0079586 and circRNA-RanGAP1 was respectively suppressed by the overexpression of miR-183-5p and miR-877-3p. And both the transfection of miR-183-5p and miR-877-3p mimics suppressed the relative expression level of MPO mRNA. The expression of circRNA-0079586, circRNA-RanGAP1 and MPO was significantly activated in the endothelial cells collected from RIAs patients when compared with UIAs patients, whereas the expression of miR-183-5p and miR-877-3p was remarkably suppressed in the endothelial cells collected from RIAs patients when compared with UIAs patients. We further altered the expression of circRNA-0079586 and circRNA-RanGAP1 using siRNA and overexpression in HUVECS, and the expression of circRNA-0079586 and circRNA-RanGAP1 was significantly and negatively correlated with the expression of miR-183-5p and miR-877-3p, but positively correlated with the expression of MPO under different conditions. In this study, we established two MPO-modulating signaling pathways of circRNA_0079586/miR-183-5p/MPO and circRNA_RanGAP1/miR-877-3p/MPO. These two signaling pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysms rupture.
Association between long term exposure to particulate matter and incident hypertension in Spain
Authors: Doulatram-Gamgaram Viyey , Valdés Sergio , Maldonado-Araque Cristina , Lago-Sampedro Ana , Badía-Guillén Rocío , García-Escobar Eva , García-Serrano Sara , García-Vivanco Marta , Garrido Juan Luis , Theobald Mark Richard , Gil Victoria , Martín-Llorente Fernando , Calle-Pascual Alfonso , Bordiu Elena , Castaño Luis , Delgado Elías , Franch-Nadal Josep , Chaves F. Javier , Montanya Eduard , Galán-García José Luis , Aguilera-Venegas Gabriel , Soriguer Federico , Rojo-Martínez Gemma 
Published: October 2021

AbstractExposure to air particulate matter has been linked with hypertension and blood pressure levels. The metabolic risks of air pollution could vary according to the specific characteristics of each area, and has not been sufficiently evaluated in Spain. We analyzed 1103 individuals, participants in a Spanish nationwide population based cohort study (di@bet.es), who were free of hypertension at baseline (2008–2010) and completed a follow-up exam of the cohort (2016–2017). Cohort participants were assigned air pollution concentrations for particulate matter < 10 μm (PM10) and < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) during follow-up (2008–2016) obtained through modeling combined with measurements taken at air quality stations (CHIMERE chemistry-transport model). Mean and SD concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 20.17 ± 3.91 μg/m3 and 10.83 ± 2.08 μg/m3 respectively. During follow-up 282 cases of incident hypertension were recorded. In the fully adjusted model, compared with the lowest quartile of PM10, the multivariate weighted ORs (95% CIs) for developing hypertension with increasing PM10 exposures were 0.82 (0.59–1.14), 1.28 (0.93–1.78) and 1.45 (1.05–2.01) in quartile 2, 3 and 4 respectively (p for a trend of 0.003). The corresponding weighted ORs according to PM2.5 exposures were 0.80 (0.57–1.13), 1.11 (0.80–1.53) and 1.48 (1.09–2.00) (p for trend 0.004). For each 5-μg/m3 increment in PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations, the odds for incident hypertension increased 1.22 (1.06–1.41) p = 0.007 and 1.39 (1.07–1.81) p = 0.02 respectively. In conclusion, our study contributes to assessing the impact of particulate pollution on the incidence of hypertension in Spain, reinforcing the need for improving air quality as much as possible in order to decrease the risk of cardiometabolic disease in the population.
The impact of cervical conization size with subsequent cervical length changes on preterm birth rates in asymptomatic singleton pregnancies
Authors: Firichenko Sergei V. , Stark Michael , Mynbaev Ospan A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe study aimed to explore the impact of cervical conization size (CCS) with subsequent cervical length (USCL) changes on preterm birth (PTB) rates in asymptomatic singleton pregnancies as compared to pregnancy outcomes in healthy women with an intact cervix (ICG), and to estimate PTB prevention efficiency in patients with a short cervix. Pregnancy outcomes in populations of similar age, ethnicity, residency, education and harmful habits having undergone cervical conization (CCG) were retrospectively analyzed and compared to ICG and cervical conization sub-populations adjusted by USCL during pregnancy (adequate cervical length vs. a short cervix) and a progesterone-only group (POG) vs. a progesterone-pessary group (PPG). Cervical conization was not associated with an increased PTB risk (CCG vs. ICG) when parameters of CCS and USCL were not adjusted (p = NS). A significantly higher proportion of parous women was observed in the CCG population than in the ICG (p = 0.0019). CCS turned out to be a key PTB risk during pregnancy, the larger CCS being associated with a short cervix (p = 0.0001) and higher PTB risks (p = 0.0001) with a notably increased PTB rate (p = 0.0001) in nulliparous women (p = 0.0022), whereas smaller CCS with adequate cervical length and a lower PTB rate was predominantly observed in women with prior parity. An initial equal USCL size was to be considerably elongated in women with adequate cervical length (p < 0.0001), and shortened in those with a short cervix (p < 0.0001). USCL assessment during pregnancy proved to be the PTB risk-predicting tool, with CCS supplementation apt to increase its diagnostic value. No substantial impact on pregnancy outcomes could be linked to any particular PTB prevention mode (POG or PPV). However, during pregnancy, the USCL changes relating to CCS proved to be more critical in pregnancy outcomes.