bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Additional Cayenne (Ananas comosus [L]. Merr) Solution on the Prefferencelevel Red Tilapia Shredded
Authors: Wicaksono Afrandy , Rostini Iis , Rostika Rita , Pratama Rusky Intan 
Published: October 2021

This research aims to determine the right concentration of cayenne solutionso the red tilapia product most liked. The method used in this study was experimental. The research consisted of 4 treatments and 20 panelists as replicates. The treatments were addition of pineapple fruit extract solution as much as 0% (control), 10%, 20%, and 30% of the total weight of the fish meat filet and the soaking process for each treatment for 30 minutes.Based on the calculation of the value of the criteria in the form of color, aroma, taste, and texture obtained, the most important is the taste that determines the final decision of the panelists in choosing the processed product of shredded fish meat with a weight value of 0.46.Based on the parameters of preference, the product of red tilapia shredded with 20% pineapple solution was the best treatment and the most preferred by the panelists, with organoleptic values: color 6.5; fragrance 6.3; taste 7.2; and texture 6.0. The results of the proximate test of red tilapia with the addition of a 20% pineapple solution in the soaking process for 30 minutes was the most preferred treatment by the panelists. The results were 6.2% water content, 30.18% protein, 17.72% fat and carbohydrates 41.97%.
School Based Action Research on Implemetation of Life Skill Education for Positive Behaviour Outcome
Authors: Gyaltshen Nidup , Lethro Pema 
Published: October 2021

The research study titled “School Based Action Research on the implementation of Life Skills Education in schools”, broadly aimed to observe positive behavioral change in teachers and students through the implementation of Life Skills Education in schools. This is to be achieved by converging on a sub theme: “Can Life Skills Education address and deal with disciplinary issues in Tshangkha Central School”. The research is carried out at Tshangkha Central School, Trongsa with classes IX – XII students.
This paper assesses whether life skills education can curb out the disciplinary problems in the school. It begins with a review of the literature on indiscipline; its types; causes; life skill education, and utilizes that literature to identify how ten core life skills could be applied to address and deal with disciplinary issues. Research methodology implored are questionnaire, applicability and transferability test, interview and school disciplinary records register. It is primarily a mixed method.
After the analysis of the data there has been evidence of Life Skills Education (LSE) being successful in addressing and dealing with disciplinary issues in Tshangkha Central School (TCS).
Undescended Testicle Operated with Orchiopexy Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: Wanjari Mayur , Wankhede Pratibha , Mendhe Deeplata , Alwadkar Sagar , Rodge Hina 
Published: October 2021

The testicles develop in the abdomen while a male baby is still in the uterus. Before birth, the testicles typically drop from inside the abdomen down into the scrotum. The scrotum is the sack of skin hanging behind the penis where the testicles are housed.
Undescended testicles fail to drop into the scrotum before birth or in the first few months of life. The condition is also called cryptorchidism.
Here we discussed, A 15 Years old male child was brought to Acharya Vinobha Bhave Rural Hospital with a complaint of undescended testis and is brought for surgical management. The history of previous illness as narrated by the father the child was born with an undescended testis on the right side.
A Rare Case Report on Hirschsprung’s Disease
Authors: Wankhede Pratibha , Gulghane Achal , Wanjari Mayur 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Hirschsprung’s disease is a condition that affects the large intestine and causes problems passing stool. It was first identified by “Ruysch” in 1961 and popularized by Hirschsprung’s in 1886. A missing nerve cell in the baby's colon muscles causes the condition, which is present at birth.
Clinical Findings: Difficulty in passing stool, Abdominal pain, fever, (Temperature 100-degree f) Vomiting, Failure to thrive, poor feeding.
Diagnostic Evaluation: CBC Infestation, Blood test, Hb -10.4 gm%, Total RBC Count -4.37 million /cu mm, RDW-13.3%, HCT-30.5%, Total WBC Cont-4000 /cu mm, Monocytes- 13%, Granulocytes-65%, Lymphocytes-30%, AST (SGOT)-28 U/L.
Therapeutic Intervention: Blood Transfusion, Inj. Aminoven 200 mg BD, Cefotaxime 400 mg BD IV, Inj. Amikacin 130 mg OD, Inj. Metrogyl 90 mg BD, Inj. Pantocid 10 mg OD.
Outcome: After Treatment the child show improvement in his passing stool frequently and relived Vomiting, fever, and increases feeding pattern.
Conclusion: My patient was admitted to pediatric ward no 22 at AVBRH with a known case of Hirschsprung's Disease, and he had complained of difficulty in passing stool, at birth after getting appropriate treatment and surgery his condition was improving.
Application of Response Surface Methodology in Development and Optimization of Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Determination of Tolvaptan in Bulk and Formulation
Authors: Sutar A. S. , Magdum C. S. 
Published: October 2021

Design of Experiment assisted stability indicating RP-HPLC was developed and optimized using response surface methodology for determination of Tolvaptan. Mobile phase was developed and optimized using Design of Experiment with response surface methodology. Acetonitrile and phosphate buffer with pH 5.5 (70:30% V/V) was optimized as mobile phase. The flow rate was maintained at 1ml/min. Stress studies were performed as per guidelines. Method was validated in accordance with regulatory requirements and results were within specified limits of regulatory guidelines. Tolvaptan was eluted at 3.24 min. It shows linearity from 2.5-15 µg/ml. Coefficient of correlation was 0.999, LOD and LOQ values were 1.0871 (µg/ml) and 3.2942 (µg/ml). Precision was determined with % RSD of 0.8669 and 0.9709%, mean percentage Recovery value was found to be 99.88 ±1.2. All stress degradation products are very well resolved from drug peak which indicate suitability indicating nature of the developed method. Design of Experiment technique can help in fast and economical optimization of mobile phase which inturn will save time for method development. The developed method is simple, accurate, sensitive which can be utilised as stability indicating method for identification of degradation products in routine analysis of the drug.
To Assess the Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding Selection of Play Articles for Children and Its Importance among Parents of 6-12 Years Children
Authors: Meshram Pritam , Mendhe Deeplata 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Kids are humanity's hope. The children of today are the masters of the world of the future. The saying goes, "Health is richness." Therefore, if children are happy, they will be healthier for the future generation, a healthy nation's result. Play articles are more than just playing things, but while they should be enjoyable, they should also be children's age-appropriate physical and emotional growth. It is necessary to consider playing items or playing articles as a cognitive learning tool for children.
Objective: Assess the knowledge and effectiveness of the self-instructional module regarding the selection of play articles for children and its importance among parents of 6-12 years of children. Associate the post-test knowledge score with selected demographic variables among parents of 6-12 years of children.
Methods: Study research design is a pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test. Population in this study parent of 6-12 years children selected area of Wardha city with 80 parents to use close-ended structured questionnaires have been used in this study for assessing knowledge.
Results: The finding of the study shows that the post-test, the sample was had a poor level of knowledge score, none of them had a poor level of knowledge score, none of them had an average level of knowledge, none of them had a good level of knowledge score, 52 (78.75%) had an excellent level of knowledge score and 28 (21.25%) have a very good level of knowledge, The minimum score was 13 and the maximum score was 19, the mean score was 16.79 ± 1.290 with a mean percentage score of 55.96%.
Conclusion: The conclusion of this study shows that 28 (21.25%) having a very good level of knowledge and 52(78.75%) having an excellent level of knowledge.
Clinical Presentations of Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Mousa Ahmad Mujahed Abdulqader , Anna Zadorozhna , Julia Dieieva , Zhanna Tereshchenko , Serhii Konovalov 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of Review: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is denoted as the symptomatic inflammations of sin nasal mucosa persists for ≥12 weeks. The purpose of this study was to review the recent literatures for digging out a clear concept on the clinical presentations of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and assess the potentialities of the features.
Recent Findings: According to the findings, descriptions and discussions of several recent studies it was observed that, a package of clinical features and presentations are associated with chronic rhinosinusitis. Some are major and some are minor potentials. The frequencies and severities of symptoms and features are directly dependent on the duration of that disease.
Summary: Basically, rhinosinusitis or CRS is an inflammatory and infectious disease which affects the nasal cavities as well as the paranasal sinuses of patients. Rhinosinusitis with polyps is more common in male than that in female. There are many possible clinical features of CRS. But as per the frequencies, duration and effects nasal congestion, nasal discharge (Anterior/posterior nasal drip), pain/pressure on the face, impaired ability to smell (Hyposmia/anosmia), dizziness, fever and cough are the most common clinical features of chronic rhinosinusitis.
Bayesian Analysis of an Optimal Five Period Cross-over Design
Authors: Nyakundi Cornelious Omwando , Tum Isaac Kipkosgei 
Published: October 2021

A crossover design is a repeated measurements design such that each experimental unit receives different treatments during the different time periods. In a majority of bioequivalence studies, design and analysis of cross-over using classical methods such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) and test are normally associated with erroneous results. The Bayesian method is desirable in the analysis of crossover designs to eliminate errors associated with carryover effects. The objective of this study was to compare the Bayesian and the - test analysis methods on treatments and carryover effects for an optimal two treatments, five periods and four sequence C (2, 5, 4) design. The treatments and residual estimates were obtained using Best Linear Unbiased Estimation (BLUE) method. In the Bayesian method of analysis, the posterior quantities were obtained for the mean intervals of treatments and carry-over effects and the highest posterior density (HPD) graphs were plotted and interpreted using conditional probability statements. For validation purposes, the Bayesian method results were compared with the existing -tests results. From the Bayesian analysis, the probability of significant treatment difference in the presence of carryover effects was 1, while from the -test, the calculated value of 11.73 was greater than the two sided tabulated value at 95 level of significance. The two analysis methods implied significant differences in the treatment effects. In conclusion, it was established that Bayesian method of analysis can be used for bioequivalence analysis even when the carry-over effects are present and hence it is highly recommended for bioequivalence studies.
From Stoichiometric Reagents to Catalytic Partners: Selenonium Salts as Alkylating Agents for Nucleophilic Displacement Reactions in Water
Authors: Martins Nayara Silva , Ángel Alix Y. Bastidas , Anghinoni João M. , Lenardão Eder J. , Barcellos Thiago , Alberto Eduardo E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe ability of chalcogenium salts to transfer an electrophilic moiety to a given nucleophile is well known. However, up to date, these reagents have been used in stoichiometric quantities, producing a substantial amount of waste as byproducts of the reaction. In this report, we disclose further investigation of selenonium salts as S‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine (SAM) surrogates for the alkylation of nucleophiles in aqueous solutions. Most importantly, we were able to convert the stoichiometric process to a catalytic system employing as little as 10 mol % of selenides to accelerate the reaction between benzyl bromide and other alkylating agents with sodium cyanide in water. Probe experiments including 77Se NMR and HRMS of the reaction mixture have unequivocally shown the presence of the selenonium salt in the reaction mixture.magnified image
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Cyclic Acetals with Spirooxindole Skeleton
Authors: Shikari Amit , Mandal Koushik , Chopra Deepak , Pan Subhas Chandra 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of cyclic acetal with spirooxindole skeleton has been developed via a domino reaction between isatin and γ‐hydroxy enones. Bifunctional squaramide catalyst with adamantyl motif was found to be the most effective for the cascade reaction. With 10 mol% of the catalyst, the desired products were obtained in 1.8:1 to 9:1 diastereo‐ and 86% to >99% enantioselectivities from a range of substituted isatins and γ‐hydroxy enones.magnified image
Enantioselective Nitro‐Michael Addition Catalyzed by N‐Terminal Guanidinylated Helical Peptide
Authors: Tamaribuchi Kenya , Tian Jiaqi , Akagawa Kengo , Kudo Kazuaki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEnantioselective Michael addition of β‐dicarbonyl compounds toward nitroalkenes were realized by using an immobilized, N‐terminal‐guanidinylated peptide, H2N−C(=NH)−Trp−Trp−(Leu−Leu−Aib)3−PEG−PS‐resin (Aib=2‐aminoisobutyric acid), as catalyst. Viable nucleophiles were acetylacetone, dimethyl malonate, and β‐ketoesters. The electrophiles include the β‐nitrostryrenes with various substituents on the benzene ring and the aliphatic nitroalkenes. Sterically congested α‐ethoxycarbonyl‐β‐nitrostryrene also successfully reacted. The resin‐supported catalyst could be recycled for five times.magnified image
Food insecurity and COVID‐19 risk in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Mueller Valerie , Grépin Karen A. , Rabbani Atonu , Navia Bianca , Ngunjiri Anne S. W. , Wu Nicole 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic prompted social distancing, workplace closures, and restrictions on mobility and trade that had cascading effects on economic activity, food prices, and employment in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Using longitudinal data from Bangladesh, Kenya, and Nigeria covering a period from October 2020 to April 2021, the paper assesses whether knowledge of a person infected with COVID‐19 is associated with food insecurity, job loss and business closures, and coping strategies to smooth consumption. The likelihood of households to experience food insecurity at the extensive and intensive margins increased among those who knew an infected person in Bangladesh and Kenya.
Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for treating patients with hepatitis C virus reinfection following direct‐acting antiviral‐induced sustained virologic response
Authors: Liu Chen‐Hua , Liu Chun‐Jen , Su Tung‐Hung , Tseng Tai‐Chung , Chen Pei‐Jer , Kao Jia‐Horng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractData regarding the patient characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection following viral eradication by a prior course of direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) and the clinical performance of pangenotypic DAAs to retreat such patients are lacking. The demographics and potential routes of transmission were shown in 22 patients with confirmed reinfection following HCV clearance by a prior course of DAAs. Twenty patients received retreatment with pangenotypic sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) according to label recommendations. The sustained virologic response (SVR12) rates and the tolerance following treatment were reported. The incidence rates of reinfection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐positive and HIV‐negative patients were 8.33 per 100 person‐years (95% CI: 5.33‐12.78) and 0.30 per 100 person‐years (95% CI: 0.12‐0.77), respectively. Eighteen (81.8%) patients had HIV coinfection. The elapsed time between SVR12 and reinfection ranged from 3 to 36 months. Twenty (90.9%) patients had different viral genotypes/subtypes before and after HCV reinfection. Prior to reinfection, 15 (68.2%) patients achieved SVR12 using SOF/VEL or GLE/PIB. Twelve and eight patients were retreated with SOF/VEL for 12 weeks and GLE/PIB for 8 weeks, respectively, in whom SVR12 was all achieved. All patients completed the assigned course of retreatment without interruption and all had excellent tolerance. The risk of HCV reinfection is higher in HIV‐positive patients than HIV‐negative patients following DAA‐induced SVR. Treating reinfected patients with SOF/VEL or GLE/PIB as DAA‐naïve patients has excellent effectiveness and tolerance, irrespective of the type of prior DAA exposure or viral genotypes/subtypes.
Collaborative study for the quantification of total contents of 2‐ and 3‐monochloropropanediol and glycidol in food emulsifiers by GC–MS
Authors: Kuhlmann Jan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn international robin round was carried out to validate a method for the quantification of 2‐monochloropropane‐1,3‐diol (2‐MCPD), 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol (3‐MCPD) and 2,3‐epoxy‐1‐propanol (glycidol) being present as fatty acid esters in plant‐based food emulsifiers. The evaluated method was a modification of the American Oil Chemist's Society (AOCS) Official Method Cd29b‐13. Briefly, this method consists from parallel analysis of two sample aliquots that are spiked with different sets of internal standards. Mild alkaline interesterification overnight in the freezer releases the core analytes. Reaction stop and glycidol conversion into monobromopropanediol (MBPD) is realized by addition of acidified sodium bromide solution. Subsequently, matrix removal and analyte extraction are achieved by two liquid/liquid (l/l) extraction steps. After derivatisation with phenylboronic acid (PBA) the final extracts are analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Quantification is carried out by internal one‐point‐calibration. Six laboratories from four European countries participated in the trial and reported eight data sets for 10 test materials (mono‐ and diacylglycerides as well as polyglycerol polyricinoleates) that were analyzed as blind duplicates, giving a total of 20 samples. Result outliers were eliminated according to ISO 5725‐2. At 2‐MCPD levels above 0.02 mg/kg, 3‐MCPD levels above 0.07 mg/kg and glycidol levels above 0.11 mg/kg repeatability (RSDr) ranged from 1.9% to 24.0%, reproducibility (RSDR) ranged from 6.7% to 29.2% and HorRat R values ranged from 0.4 to 1.6. The tested method showed to be suitable for the determination of 2‐MCPD, 3‐MCPD and glycidol in food emulsifiers consisting from mono‐ and diacylglycerides as well as polyglycerol polyricinoleates.
Biological responses to P‐limitation in indigenous bacteria isolated from drinking water
Authors: Abkar Leili , Gagnon Graham A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBiofilm formation in direct biofiltration causes operational issues such as accelerated head loss accumulation rate resulting in short filter runtime. Applying coagulant in low P level source water may impose bacteria to the P‐limited condition. It is hypothesized that the nutrient limitation, specifically P, as an essential macronutrient for bacteria causes stress and triggers excess extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Two of the most biofilm‐producing bacteria were isolated from a full‐scale biofilter, provided the opportunity to study the indigenous biofilter bacteria. The isolated bacteria were identified using full‐length 16S rRNA and characterized. The biological behavior of the species was studied under different P‐limited conditions in a nutrient‐limited medium simulating freshwater nutrient availability. Carbohydrate and Protein‐EPS were increased when decreasing the available P in the medium, suggesting that lack of P can trigger higher EPS.Article Impact StatementThis study demonstrated that the lower P levels are directly related to excessive extracellular polymeric substances production and consequently the biofilter performance.
Definitive screening accelerates Taxol biosynthetic pathway optimization and scale up in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell factories
Authors: Walls Laura E. , Martinez José L. , del Rio Chanona E. Antonio , Rios‐Solis Leonardo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent technological advancements in synthetic and systems biology have enabled the construction of microbial cell factories expressing diverse heterologous pathways in unprecedentedly short time scales. However, the translation of such laboratory scale breakthroughs to industrial bioprocesses remains a major bottleneck.Methods and Major ResultsIn this study, an accelerated bioprocess development approach was employed to optimize the biosynthetic pathway of the blockbuster chemotherapy drug, Taxol. Statistical design of experiments approaches were coupled with an industrially relevant high‐throughput microbioreactor system to optimize production of key Taxol intermediates, Taxadien‐5α‐ol and Taxadien‐5α‐yl‐acetate, in engineered yeast cell factories. The optimal factor combination was determined via data driven statistical modelling and validated in 1 L bioreactors leading to a 2.1‐fold improvement in taxane production compared to a typical defined media. Elucidation and mitigation of nutrient limitation enhanced product titers a further two‐fold and titers of the critical Taxol precursors, Taxadien‐5α‐ol and Taxadien‐5α‐yl‐acetate were improved to 34 and 11 mg L‐1, representing a three‐fold improvement compared to the highest literature titers in S. cerevisiae. Comparable titers were obtained when the process was scaled up a further five‐fold using 5 L bioreactors.ConclusionsThe results of this study highlight the benefits of a holistic design of experiments guided approach to expedite early stage bioprocess development.
Fabrication of a Function‐Integrated Water Oxidation Catalyst through the Electrochemical Polymerization of Ruthenium Complexes
Authors: Iwami Hikaru , Kondo Mio , Masaoka Shigeyuki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWater oxidation (2H2O→O2+4H++4e−) is an essential reaction for artificial photosynthesis. In nature, photosystem II efficiently catalyzes this reaction through the synergistic effect of the catalytic center and charge transporters. However, the development of artificial catalytic systems for water oxidation in which the catalytic center is surrounded by charger transporters remains challenging. Herein, a function‐integrated water oxidation catalyst was fabricated by the electrochemical polymerization of mononuclear ruthenium complexes bearing carbazole moieties. A new precursor complex, Ru(bda)(czpy)2 (2; bda2−=2,2′‐bypyridine‐6,6′‐dicarboxylate, czpy=9‐[2‐(4‐pyridinyl)ethyl]carbazole), was successfully synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis, and elemental analysis. Under electrochemical conditions, the carbazole moieties of 2 dimerized to form a polymeric material, Poly‐2. Poly‐2 exhibited an excellent charge‐transporting ability and catalyzed electrochemical water oxidation with high efficiency. Notably, nonpolymeric systems were not catalytically active, indicating that synergism between the catalytic center and charge transporters enhanced the catalytic performance of Poly‐2.