bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MgFe‐LDH Nanoparticles: A Promising Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Replacement for Self‐Renewal and Pluripotency Maintenance in Cultured Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: He Xiaolie , Zhu Yanjing , Yang Li , Wang Zhaojie , Wang Zekun , Feng Jianhao , Wen Xuejun , Cheng Liming , Zhu Rongrong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLeukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), an indispensable bioactive protein that sustains self‐renewal and pluripotency in stem cells, is vital for mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) culture. Extensive research is conducted on reliable alternatives for LIF as its clinical application in stable culture and large‐scale expansion of ESCs is limited by its instability and high cost. However, few studies have sought to replace LIF with nanoparticles to provide a xeno‐free culture condition. MgAl‐LDH (layered double hydroxide) nanoparticles can partially replace LIF in maintaining pluripotency of mESCs; however, the requirement and tolerance for aluminum ions in mice are far lesser than those of iron ions. Hence, MgFe‐LDH nanoparticles are selected for this study. MgFe‐LDH is superior to MgAl‐LDH in maintaining self‐renewal and pluripotency of mESCs, in the absence of LIF and mouse embryonic fibroblast. Furthermore, combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis confirms that MgFe‐LDH can activate the LIF receptor (LIFR)/phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT), LIFR/JAK/janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3), and phospho‐signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(p‐STAT3)/ten‐eleven translocation (TET) signaling pathways, while the extra Fe2+ provided by MgFe‐LDH would also enhance TET1/2 abundance thus affecting the TET1/2 regulated pluripotency related marker expression and TET1/2 meditated DNA demethylation. These results suggest that MgFe‐LDH nanoparticles can thus be used as an affordable and efficient replacement for LIF in mESC cultivation.
Isotropous Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile Interlayer with Homogeneous Na+ Flux Dynamics for Solid‐State Na Metal Batteries
Authors: Miao Xianguang , Wang Huiyang , Sun Rui , Ge Xiaoli , Zhao Danyang , Wang Peng , Wang Rutao , Yin Longwei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInorganic solid‐state electrolyte (SSE) based Na‐metal batteries have received extensive attention in next‐generation lithium‐free energy storage systems with both high‐security and superior electrochemical performance. Herein, in contrast to the conventionally used polymer/ceramic/polymer sandwich electrolyte, an efficient green and scalable powder‐polishing synthetic method is developed to fabricate a pyrolyzed‐polyacrylonitrile modified Na super ionic conductor (NASICON) electrolyte to relieve polarization of integrated composite SSE and ameliorate interfacial contact between the electrolyte and the Na anode. Furthermore, introducing S in the preferable isotropous sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) interlayer can trigger dehydrogenation and cyclization of polyacrylonitrile with chemically‐bonded short‐chain SS segments, which can bond with Na+ to redistribute the interfacial electric field and homogenize transported Na+ flux, leading to transition of Na deposition behavior from dendrite growth mode to lateral flat‐shape growth tendency. The conjugated polymer backbones possess delocalized radicals that can activate formed short‐chain sulfides to reconnect to the backbones, thus maintaining superior structural stability. Benefiting from the rational interfacial design, a record‐high value of 1.4 mA cm−2 for critical current density of Na/SPAN‐NASICON/Na cells is obtained. Moreover, SPAN is used as a cathode to assemble solid‐state Na/SPAN‐NASICON/SPAN Na‐organosulfur batteries, demonstrating superior capacity and cycling‐stability. The rational SPAN‐based structural design strategy may provide an avenue for potential application of solid‐state alkali metal batteries.
Color‐tunable and Highly Emissive Solid Materials Constructed from Tetraphenylethylene‐o‐carborane‐based Building Blocks: Synthesis, Aggregation‐induced emission, and Photophysics
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhou Qin , Zhu Miao , Chen Wei , Wang Beibei , Sha Ye , Yan Hong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA novel kind of expanded tetraphenylethylene (TPE)‐carborane‐TPE pentad has been synthesized by using two adjacent carborane moieties as central bridges and three TPE units in lateral positions. Its solid‐state fluorescence quantum yield was substantially increased to 68.2% by expanding the number of bridges between carborane and TPE. Subsequently, the emission color shifted from blue to orange‐yellow (126 nm). Mechanical insights into the electronic structure of the extended TPE‐carborane‐TPE pentads were obtained from density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Advances in bioreactors for lung bioengineering: From scalable cell culture to tissue growth monitoring
Authors: Mahfouzi Seyed Hossein , Amoabediny Ghassem , Safiabadi Tali Seyed Hamid 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLung bioengineering has emerged to resolve the current lung transplantation limitations and risks, including the shortage of donor organs and the high rejection rate of transplanted lungs. One of the most critical elements of lung bioengineering is bioreactors. Bioreactors with different applications have been developed in the last decade for lung bioengineering approaches, aiming to produce functional reproducible tissue constructs. Here, the current status and advances made in the development and application of bioreactors for bioengineering lungs are comprehensively reviewed. First, bioreactor design criteria are explained, followed by a discussion on using bioreactors as a culture system for scalable expansion and proliferation of lung cells, such as producing epithelial cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Next, bioreactor systems facilitating and improving decellularization and recellularization of lung tissues are discussed, highlighting the studies that developed bioreactors for producing engineered human‐sized lungs. Then, monitoring bioreactors are reviewed, showing their ability to evaluate and optimize the culture conditions for maturing engineered lung tissues, followed by an explanation on the ability of ex vivo lung perfusion systems for reconditioning the lungs before transplantation. After that, lung cancer studies simplified by bioreactors are discussed, showing the potentials of bioreactors in lung disease modeling. Finally, other platforms with the potential of facilitating lung bioengineering are described, including the in vivo bioreactors and lung‐on‐a‐chip models. In the end, concluding remarks and future directions are put forward to accelerate lung bioengineering using bioreactors.
Gene switch for l‐glucose‐induced biopharmaceutical production in mammalian cells
Authors: Strittmatter Tobias , Egli Sabina , Bertschi Adrian , Plieninger Richard , Bojar Daniel , Xie Mingqi , Fussenegger Martin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, we designed and built a gene switch that employs metabolically inert l‐glucose to regulate transgene expression in mammalian cells via d‐idonate‐mediated control of the bacterial regulator LgnR. To this end, we engineered a metabolic cascade in mammalian cells to produce the inducer molecule d‐idonate from its precursor l‐glucose by ectopically expressing the Paracoccus species 43P‐derived catabolic enzymes LgdA, LgnH, and LgnI. To obtain ON‐ and OFF‐switches, we fused LgnR to the human transcriptional silencer domain Krüppel associated box (KRAB) and the viral trans‐activator domain VP16, respectively. Thus, these artificial transcription factors KRAB‐LgnR or VP16‐LgnR modulated cognate promoters containing LgnR‐specific binding sites in a d‐idonate‐dependent manner as a direct result of l‐glucose metabolism. In a proof‐of‐concept experiment, we show that the switches can control production of the model biopharmaceutical rituximab in both transiently and stably transfected HEK‐293T cells, as well as CHO‐K1 cells. Rituximab production reached 5.9 µg/ml in stably transfected HEK‐293T cells and 3.3 µg/ml in stably transfected CHO‐K1 cells.
Determination of ceftazidime in plasma by RP‐HPLC and ultraviolet detection
Authors: Bergman Joan , Harvill Lainey , Hawkins Shawna , Sladky Kurt , Cox Sherry 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA simple high‐performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of ceftazidime in plasma has been developed. Using an ultrafiltration technique samples were separated by reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography on a Symmetry C18 4.6 × 250 mm column (5.0 μm) and ultraviolet absorbance was measured at 260 nm. The mobile phase was a mixture of 10 mm potassium phosphate monobasic pH 2.5 with phosphoric acid and acetonitrile (90:10). The standard curve ranged from 0.1 to 100 μg/ml. Intra‐ and inter‐assay variability for ceftazidime was <12%, and the average recovery was 89%. The lower limit of quantification was 0.1 μg/ml. This method has been used successfully to analyze frog plasma samples at this institution and it could be applied to other small volume samples in a clinical or research setting.
Caregiving burden and depressive symptoms among ultra‐orthodox Jews: The moderating role of sense of community
Authors: Maytles Ruth , Bergman Yoav S. , Trachtingot Itschak 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIndividuals who care for aging parents or relatives often experience caregiving burden, which is associated with various negative psychological outcomes. During the current COVID‐19 pandemic, the conflict between caring for older relatives and taking the necessary personal precautions against infection may be exacerbated among individuals who belong to social groups, which perceive caring for others as an indispensable cultural construct. Accordingly, the current study examined whether feeling a part of one's community moderates the association between caregiving burden and depressive symptoms among the ultra‐orthodox society in Israel. A convenience sample of 358 ultra‐orthodox participants was collected (age range 30–70; M = 49.50, SD = 10.24), all of whom completed scales assessing caregiving burden, sense of community, and depressive symptoms. Results demonstrated that high caregiving burden and low sense of community were associated with increased depressive symptoms. Moreover, sense of community moderated the caregiving burden‐depressive symptoms link, as the latter positive association was significant only among individuals reporting low levels of sense of community. The discussion highlights the importance of sense of community as a beneficial personal and social factor, which mitigates the negative psychological consequences of caregiving burden among such societies.
A superiority–inferiority hypothesis on disparagement humor: The role of disposition toward ridicule
Authors: Hatzithomas Leonidas , Voutsa Maria C. , Boutsouki Christina , Zotos Yorgos 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe present paper adopts and substantiates a superiority–inferiority hypothesis on disparagement humor generation and appreciation. Two between‐subjects (identification with a character acting as victimizer or victim) experiments address disparaging humorous advertising effectiveness, providing a novel perspective on very old questions. Perceived superiority and inferiority autonomously mediate the relationship between a disparaging advertisement and perceived humorousness. Individuals with high superiority motivation (i.e., high‐katagelasticists) experience increased humorousness and an improved attitude toward the brand when they identify with a character acting as victimizer in the disparaging ad. People with a motivation to avoid inferiority (i.e., high‐gelotophobes) experience reduced humorousness and lower positive attitudes toward the brand when they identify with a character who is victimized in the disparaging ad. Gelotophiles are not driven by feelings of superiority or inferiority and experience increased humorousness as well as more positive brand attitudes irrespective of the ad's victimization focus.
Mehr Licht für nachhaltigen Chemieunterricht
Authors: Tausch Michael W. 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungEs ist zu erwarten, dass Licht im 21. Jahrhundert zur wichtigsten Energieform für nachhaltige Entwicklung aufsteigt. Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung gilt in allen Bundesländern als übergeordnete Leitlinie im Schulunterricht. Die LED muss daher als Lichtquelle unter den Laborgeräten einen Stammplatz erhalten, ähnlich wie ihn der Gasbrenner als Wärmequelle hat. Immerhin sind LED‐Taschenlampen nicht nur kostengünstiger, sondern auch sicherer und einfacher zu bedienen als Gasbrenner. Noch wichtiger ist, dass viele Reaktionen, bei denen der Gasbrenner chancenlos ist, mit farbigem Licht aus LED oder mit Sonnenlicht bereits bei Raumtemperatur angetrieben werden.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Fluorescent Probes Targeting the 18‐kDa Translocator Protein
Authors: Wongso Hendris , Yamasaki Tomoteru , Kumata Katsushi , Ono Maiko , Higuchi Makoto , Zhang Ming‐Rong , Fulham Michael J. , Katsifis Andrew , Keller Paul A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA series of fluorescent probes from the 6‐chloro‐2‐phenylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine‐3‐yl acetamides ligands featuring the 7‐nitro‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazol‐4‐yl (NBD) moiety has been synthesized and biologically evaluated for their fluorescence properties and for their binding affinity to the 18‐kDa translocator protein (TSPO). Spectroscopic studies including UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence measurements showed that the synthesized fluorescent probes exhibit favorable spectroscopic properties, especially in nonpolar environments. In vitro fluorescence staining in brain sections from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐injected mice revealed partial colocalization of the probes with the TSPO. The TSPO binding affinity of the probes was measured on crude mitochondrial fractions separated from rat brain homogenates in a [11C]PK11195 radioligand binding assay. All the new fluorescent probes demonstrated moderate to high binding affinity to the TSPO, with affinity (Ki) values ranging from 0.58 nM to 3.28 μM. Taking these data together, we propose that the new fluorescent probes could be used to visualize the TSPO.
Delay to surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma affects oncologic outcomes
Authors: Kiong Kimberley L. , Yao Christopher M. K. L. , Lin Fang‐Yu , Bell Diana , Ferrarotto Renata , Weber Randal S. , Lewis Carol M. 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is used in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) for downstaging advanced disease and decreasing distant metastasis (DM). To the authors' knowledge, no study has specifically examined the impact of a delayed time to surgery (TTS) after NAC on oncologic outcomes. They thus aimed to identify a cutoff for TTS after NAC and its effect on survival indices.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of all patients with HNSCC receiving NAC followed by surgery with curative intent between March 2016 and March 2019 at the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to identify a cutoff for TTS, and this cutoff was used to analyze the overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence rate, DM‐free rate, and disease‐free survival (DFS). A multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed.ResultsOne hundred one patients were analyzed with a median follow‐up of 24.7 months. The 3‐year OS and locoregional recurrence rates did not differ with a TTS ≥ 34 days. However, the 3‐year DM‐free rate was significantly worse (56% vs 90%; P = .001) in the group with a TTS ≥ 34 days, and the 3‐year DFS was significantly lower (26% vs 64%; P = .006). In a multivariate analysis, a TTS ≥ 34 days (hazard ratio [HR], 4.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.84‐13.13) and extracapsular extension (HR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.13‐8.00) were significant independent predictors of a poorer DM‐free rate. Weight loss > 10% (HR, 5.53; 95% CI, 1.02‐30.24) was the only independent predictor for a TTS ≥ 34 days.ConclusionsEmphasis should be placed on early definitive locoregional treatment after NAC, particularly in patients who do not respond to NAC. There is a need to validate these findings and establish new benchmarks for the interval between NAC and surgery.
NT‐proBNP Qualifies as a Surrogate for Clinical End Points in Heart Failure
Authors: Schmitt Walter , Rühs Hauke , Burghaus Rolf , Diedrich Christian , Duwal Sulav , Eissing Thomas , Garmann Dirk , Meyer Michaela , Ploeger Bart , Lippert Jörg 
Published: February 2021

N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) is a well‐established biomarker in heart failure (HF) but controversially discussed as a potential surrogate marker in HF trials. We analyzed the NT‐proBNP/mortality relationship in real‐world data (RWD) of 108,330 HF patients from the IBM Watson Health Explorys database and compared it with the NT‐proBNP / clinical event end‐point relationship in 20 clinical HF studies. With a hierarchical statistical model, we quantified the functional relationship and interstudy variability. To independently qualify the model, we predicted outcome hazard ratios in five phase III HF studies solely based on NT‐proBNP measured early in the respective study. In RWD and clinical studies, the relationship between NT‐proBNP and clinical outcome is well described by an Emax model. The NT‐proBNP independent baseline risk (R0, RWD/studies median (interstudy interquartile range): 5.5%/3.0% (1.7–4.9%)) is very low compared with the potential NT‐proBNP–associated maximum risk (Rmax: 55.2%/79.4% (61.5–89.0%)). The NT‐proBNP concentration associated with the half‐maximal risk is comparable in RWD and across clinical studies (EC50: 3,880/2,414 pg/mL (1,460–4,355 pg/mL)). Model‐based predictions of phase III outcomes, relying on short‐term NT‐proBNP data only, match final trial results with comparable confidence intervals. Our analysis qualifies NT‐proBNP as a surrogate for clinical outcome in HF trials. NT‐proBNP levels after short treatment durations of less than 10 weeks quantitatively predict hazard ratios with confidence levels comparable to final trial readout. Early NT‐proBNP measurement can therefore enable shorter and smaller but still reliable HF trials.
Diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound combined with rapid on‐site evaluation of transbronchial lung biopsy for peripheral pulmonary lesions
Authors: Xu Chunhua , Liu Wei , Wang Wei , Li Li , Hu Huidi , Wang Jiwang 
Published: February 2021

AbstracBackgroundRapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) has the potential to increase endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) guide transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) accuracy in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). However, studies have reported controversial results. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of EBUS‐TBLB combination with ROSE in PPLs.MethodsA total of 152 patients with PPLs underwent EBUS were enrolled and completed this study. Patients were divided into EBUS combined with ROSE group (EBUS+ROSE group) and EBUS group (EBUS group). The diagnostic yield, operation time, and complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe diagnostic yield in EBUS+ROSE group was 85.9%, the operation time was (24.6 ± 6.8) min, the diagnostic yield in EBUS group was 70.3%, and the operative time was (32.4 ± 8.7) min, there were significant differences in diagnostic yield (χ2 = 5.456, P = .016) and operation time (t = 3.167, P = .001) between the two groups. No severe procedure related complications were observed, such as, pneumothorax and hemorrhage.ConclusionsROSE can improve the diagnostic yield and shorten the operation time. EBUS combined with ROSE is an effective diagnostic method for PPLs.
State of laser resurfacing 2021: A roundtable discussion
Authors: Pozner Jason N. , Cohen Joel L. , Burns Jay , DiBernardo Barry E. , Bass Lawrence S. , Robb Christopher W. , Cook Jonathan , Jones Kaitlyn 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe following roundtable is a discussion between the authors concerning various laser and intense pulsed light devices. Given the number and types of devices in the market, a physician looking to purchase this type of technology may be challenged, confused, or overwhelmed with options. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the current devices available, as well as pinpoint what we use them for in our offices—from either a plastic surgeon or a dermatologist perspective.
Negative urgency combined with negative emotionality is linked to eating disorder psychopathology in community women with and without binge eating
Authors: Magel Chantelle A. , von Ranson Kristin M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivePrevious research has shown that negative emotionality (NE) and negative urgency (NU) are each risk factors for disordered eating behaviors among undergraduates and treatment‐seekers. However, the interaction of these traits in community‐based adults with clinical levels of binge eating is unknown and has implications for risk and maintenance models of disordered eating.MethodWe examined a moderated‐mediation model of cross‐sectional associations among levels of NE (independent variable), NU (mediator), and eating disorder psychopathology (i.e., eating, shape, and weight concerns, and restraint; dependent variable) in 68 community‐recruited women with current regular binge eating and 75 control women with no eating disorder history (group = moderator). Participants completed semi‐structured diagnostic interviews and self‐report questionnaires measuring NE, NU, eating disorder psychopathology, and anxiety and depression symptoms.ResultsAfter adjusting for anxiety and depression symptoms and body mass index, women with binge eating experienced greater NU and eating disorder psychopathology than control women with no eating disorder history. Despite similar levels of NE across groups, both groups exhibited an indirect effect of NE on eating disorder psychopathology via NU.DiscussionOur findings suggest that greater NE, coupled with a propensity to engage in rash action when experiencing negative emotions, are associated with eating disorder psychopathology in women with and without eating disorders characterized by binge eating. These findings may help explain why some individuals engage in disordered eating behaviors when experiencing negative affect.