bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Misdiagnosis in occupational and environmental medicine: a scoping review
Authors: Moon Jinyoung , Yoo HyeKyoung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThere has been no comprehensive review for misdiagnosis in Occupational and Environmental Medicine (OEM). The possible ramifications of an occupational disease (OD) or an environmental disease (ED) misdiagnosis are not just confined to the individual case but may extend to others exposed to the occupational or environmental hazard. Therefore, a comprehensive scoping review of published literature is imperative for understanding the nature of misdiagnoses in OEM.MethodsA medical librarian searched MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (on 06 November 2020). All collected OEM misdiagnoses were classified based on 2 conceptual frameworks, the typical framework, and the causation model. The distribution of misdiagnosis across each medical specialty, each diagnostic step of the typical framework and the causation model, and false-negative and false-positive were summarized.ResultsA total of 79 articles were included in the scoping review. For clinical specialty, pulmonology (30 articles) and dermatology or allergy (13 articles) was most frequent and second-most frequent, respectively. For each disease, occupational and environmental interstitial lung diseases, misdiagnosed as sarcoidosis (8 articles), and other lung diseases (8 articles) were most frequent. For the typical framework, the most vulnerable step was the first step, evidence of a disease (38 articles). For the causation model, the first step, knowledge base, was the most vulnerable step (42 articles). For reported articles, the frequency of false-negative (55 articles) outnumbered the frequency of false-positive (15 articles).DiscussionIn OEM, compared to general medicine, causal misdiagnosis associated with the probability of causation is also important. For making a diagnosis in OEM, a knowledge base about possible ODs and EDs is essential. Because of this reason, the education and training of treating physicians for common ODs and EDs are important. For ODs and EDs, various intentional behaviors of stakeholders should be considered. This scoping review might contribute to the improvement of understanding for misdiagnosis in OEM.
Balanced forced-diuresis compared to control as a reno-protective approach in cardiac surgery: secondary outcome of a randomized controlled trial, assessment of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels
Authors: Luckraz Heyman , Giri Ramesh , Wrigley Benjamin , Nagarajan Kumaresan , Senanayake Eshan , Sharman Emma , Beare Lawrence , Nevill Alan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a recognised biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI).This study investigated the impact of balanced forced-diuresis using RenalGuard® system (RG), in reducing acute kidney injury (AKI) rates and the associated NGAL levels (6-h post-CPB plasma level) post adult cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).MethodsPatients included in the study were at high-risk for AKI post cardiac surgery, namely history of diabetes and/or anaemia, e-GFR 20–60 ml/min/1.73 m2, Logistic EuroScore > 5, anticipated CPB time > 120 min. Patients were randomized to either RG (n = 110) or managed as per current practice (control = 110). RIFLE-defined AKI rate (based on serum creatinine level increase) within first 3 days of surgery and 6-h post CPB NGAL levels were the primary and secondary end-points.ResultsPre and intra-operative characteristics between the two groups were similar (p > 0.05) including the pre-op NGAL levels, the oxygen delivery (ecDO2i) and the carbon dioxide production (ecVCO2i) during CPB. Patients in the RG group had a significantly lower post-operative RIFLE-defined AKI rate compared to control (10% (11/110) v/s 20.9% (23/110), p = 0.03). Overall, median 6-h post CPB NGAL levels in patients with AKI were significantly higher than those who did not develop AKI (211 vs 150 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Patients managed by balanced forced-diuresis had lower post-operative NGAL levels (146 vs 178 ng/ml, p = 0.09). Using previously reported NGAL cut-off level for AKI (142 ng/ml), binary logistic regression analysis confirmed a beneficial effect of the RG system, with an increased risk of AKI of 2.2 times in the control group (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.14–4.27, p = 0.02).ConclusionsOverall, the 6-h post-CPB plasma NGAL levels were significantly higher in patients who developed AKI. Patients managed with the novel approach of balanced forced-diuresis, provided by the RenalGuard® system, had a lower AKI rate and lower NGAL levels indicating a lesser degree of renal tissue injury.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov website, NCT02974946,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02974946.
Preoperative incentive spirometry for preventing postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sweity Essa M. , Alkaissi Aidah A. , Othman Wafiq , Salahat Ahmad 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) often occur after cardiac operations and are a leading cause of morbidity, inhibit oxygenation, and increase hospital length of stay and mortality. Although clinical evidence for PPCs prevention is often unclear and crucial, measures occur to reduce PPCs. One device usually used for this reason is incentive spirometry (IS). The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of preoperative incentive spirometry to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications, improve postoperative oxygenation, and decrease hospital stay following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients.

Methods
This was a clinical randomized prospective study. A total of 80 patients were selected as candidates for CABG at An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus-Palestine. Patients had been randomly assigned into two groups: incentive spirometry group (IS), SI performed before surgery (study group) and control group, preoperative spirometry was not performed. The 40 patients in each group received the same protocol of anesthesia and ventilation in the operating room.

Result
The study findings showed a significant difference between the IS and control groups in the incidence of postoperative atelectasis. There were 8 patients (20.0%) in IS group and 17 patients (42.5%) in the control group (p = 0.03). Mechanical ventilation duration was significantly less in IS group. The median was four hours versus six hours in the control group (p < 0.001). Hospital length of stay was significantly less in IS group, and the median was six days versus seven days in the control group (p < 0.001). The median of the amount of arterial blood oxygen and oxygen saturation was significantly improved in the IS group (p < 0.005).

Conclusion
Preoperative incentive spirometry for two days along with the exercise of deep breathing, encouraged coughing, and early ambulation following CABG are in connection with prevention and decreased incidence of atelectasis, hospital stay, mechanical ventilation duration and improved postoperative oxygenation with better pain control. A difference that can be considered both significant and clinically relevant.
Trial registration Thai Clinical Trials Registry: TCTR20201020005. Registered 17 October 2020—retrospectively registered.
Acute depletion of CTCF rewires genome-wide chromatin accessibility
Authors: Xu Beisi , Wang Hong , Wright Shaela , Hyle Judith , Zhang Yang , Shao Ying , Niu Mingming , Fan Yiping , Rosikiewicz Wojciech , Djekidel Mohamed Nadhir , Peng Junmin , Lu Rui , Li Chunliang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe transcription factor CTCF appears indispensable in defining topologically associated domain boundaries and maintaining chromatin loop structures within these domains, supported by numerous functional studies. However, acute depletion of CTCF globally reduces chromatin interactions but does not significantly alter transcription.ResultsHere, we systematically integrate multi-omics data including ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, WGBS, Hi-C, Cut&Run, and CRISPR-Cas9 survival dropout screens, and time-solved deep proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses in cells carrying auxin-induced degron at endogenous CTCF locus. Acute CTCF protein degradation markedly rewires genome-wide chromatin accessibility. Increased accessible chromatin regions are frequently located adjacent to CTCF-binding sites at promoter regions and insulator sites associated with enhanced transcription of nearby genes. In addition, we use CTCF-associated multi-omics data to establish a combinatorial data analysis pipeline to discover CTCF co-regulatory partners. We successfully identify 40 candidates, including multiple established partners. Interestingly, many CTCF co-regulators that have alterations of their respective downstream gene expression do not show changes of their own expression levels across the multi-omics measurements upon acute CTCF loss, highlighting the strength of our system to discover hidden co-regulatory partners associated with CTCF-mediated transcription.ConclusionsThis study highlights that CTCF loss rewires genome-wide chromatin accessibility, which plays a critical role in transcriptional regulation.
Age-related differences in linear sprint in adolescent female soccer players
Authors: Mainer-Pardos Elena , Gonzalo-Skok Oliver , Nobari Hadi , Lozano Demetrio , Pérez-Gómez Jorge 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Several studies have observed the contribution of chronological age, biological maturation, and anthropometric characteristics to sprinting performance in young soccer players. Nevertheless, there are no studies that have analysed the contribution of these characteristics to running speed qualities in adolescent female soccer players.

Objective
This study investigated age-related differences in sprint performance in adolescent female soccer players. Also, it examined the possible influence of anthropometry [body mass and body mass index (BMI)] and biological maturation [age at peak height velocity (APHV)] in sprint performance.

Methods
Eighty adolescent female soccer players [under (U) 14, n = 20; U16, n = 37; U18, n = 23] participated in this study. Players were tested for 40 m sprint (each 10 m split times).

Results
Posthoc analysis revealed better performance in all split sprint times of older soccer players (U18 and U16) compared with younger category (F: 3.380 to 6.169; p < 0.05; ES: 0.64 to 1.33). On the contrary in all split sprint times, there were no significant changes between U16 and U18 (p < 0.05; ES: 0.03 to 0.17). ANCOVA revealed differences in all parameters between groups, controlled for APHV (p < 0.05). In contrast, all between-group differences disappeared after body mass and BMI adjustment (p > 0.05). Finally, the results indicate that BMI and body mass were significantly correlated with 40 m sprint (p < 0.05; r: -0.31) and 20 m flying (p < 0.01; r: 0.38), respectively.

Conclusion
In the present players’ sample, body mass and BMI had a significant impact on running speed qualities.
An update on novel approaches for diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Safarchi Azadeh , Fatima Shadma , Ayati Zahra , Vafaee Fatemeh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has made a serious public health and economic crisis worldwide which united global efforts to develop rapid, precise, and cost-efficient diagnostics, vaccines, and therapeutics. Numerous multi-disciplinary studies and techniques have been designed to investigate and develop various approaches to help frontline health workers, policymakers, and populations to overcome the disease. While these techniques have been reviewed within individual disciplines, it is now timely to provide a cross-disciplinary overview of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches summarizing complementary efforts across multiple fields of research and technology. Accordingly, we reviewed and summarized various advanced novel approaches used for diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 to help researchers across diverse disciplines on their prioritization of resources for research and development and to give them better a picture of the latest techniques. These include artificial intelligence, nano-based, CRISPR-based, and mass spectrometry technologies as well as neutralizing factors and traditional medicines. We also reviewed new approaches for vaccine development and developed a dashboard to provide frequent updates on the current and future approved vaccines.
Outcomes of dental implants in young patients with congenital versus non-congenital missing teeth
Authors: Al Najam Yousef , Tahmaseb Ali , Wiryasaputra Dorothee , Wolvius Eppo , Dhamo Brunilda 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective
This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the effect of the cause of missing teeth on the survival and subjective success of dental implant treatment (DIT) in young patients with missing teeth due to non-congenital causes (tooth loss) in comparison to patients with missing teeth because of congenital causes (hypodontia and oligodontia).

Material and methods
All patients were asked 7 questions to extract information about the survival and subjective success of DIT. Implant survival function was designed using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. Differences in implant success outcomes were studied using binary logistic regression analysis.

Results
One hundred ten patients aged 18 to 40 years old were included, whereof 32 patients with tooth loss, 25 patients with hypodontia and 53 patients with oligodontia. In the tooth loss group, implant survival reached 96.9%; in the hypodontia group 96.0%; and in the oligodontia group 88.7%. Regarding subjective implant success, patient satisfaction was significantly higher (p < 0.040) among patients with congenital missing teeth in comparison to patients with tooth loss. Other implant success components showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.050) between the groups.

Conclusion
The cause of missing teeth does not influence implant survival. However, the cause of missing teeth does have a significant impact on patient satisfaction (implant success), ascertaining young patients with congenital missing teeth as more satisfied of DIT than young patients with tooth loss.

Clinical relevance
Young patients with tooth agenesis and with an increased number of missing teeth are more content about the treatment with dental implants than patients with tooth loss. Furthermore, a consensus regarding the assessment of implant success is an essential concern for clarification.
Culturally-consistent diet among individuals of Mexican descent at the US-Mexico border is associated with sleep duration and snoring
Authors: Ghani Sadia B. , Taneja Krishna , Wills Chloe C. A. , Tubbs Andrew S. , Delgadillo Marcos E. , Valencia Dora , Halane Mohamed , Killgore William D. S. , Grandner Michael A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Existing studies show that consuming food consistent with one’s culture reduces cardiometabolic risk. However, few studies have assessed whether these dietary choices influence sleep health. Accordingly, this study assessed how Mexican food consumption by individuals of Mexican descent residing at the US-Mexico border, was associated with various measures of sleep, after accounting for acculturation.

Methods
Data were provided by 100 adults between the ages of 18–60, in the city of Nogales, AZ. Questionnaires were provided in either Spanish or English. Acculturation was assessed with the Acculturation Scale for Mexican-Americans (ARSMA-II), with an additional question, asking how often “my family cooks Mexican foods.” Frequency of cooking Mexican food was coded as either “yes” or “no.” Sleep was assessed, using validated measures that include the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and sleep duration with the item “how many hours of actual sleep did you get at night?” Regression models estimated the associations between sleep health variables as outcomes and consumption of Mexican food as the independent variable. Covariates included age, sex, and acculturation scores. Parental education level was also included, as an indicator of childhood socioeconomic status and since food culture likely involves parents.

Result
We found that among individuals who identified as Mexican-Americans who consumed culturally-consistent foods, was associated with, on average, 1.41 more hours of sleep (95% CI 0.19, 2.62; p = 0.024) and were less likely to report snoring (OR: 0.25; 95% CI 0.07, 0.93; p = 0.039). Consuming Mexican food was not associated with sleep quality, insomnia severity or sleepiness.

Conclusion
Individuals of Mexican descent residing at the US-Mexico border who regularly consumed Mexican food, reported more sleep and less snoring. Mexican acculturation has been shown previously to improve sleep health. This is likely due to consumption of a culturally- consistent diet. Future studies should examine the role of acculturation in sleep health, dietary choices, and subsequent cardiometabolic risk.
Flipping an on-campus general English course: a focus on technology complexity of instruction and learners’ levels of impulsivity
Authors: Zarrinfard Shakiba , Rahimi Mehrak , Mohseny Ahmad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe current study compared the effects of two types of flipped instruction (FI) (low- and mid-tech) with two other class conditions, a blended course and a conventional teaching, on learning outcome of language learners with different levels of impulsivity in an on-campus General English (GE) course. To attain such a goal, four GE classes consisting of 100 freshmen (25 students in each class) were selected and organized into 3 experimental (mid-tech FI, low-tech FI, blended instruction) and 1 control group (conventional teaching). In low-tech flipped class, the students were provided with the vodcasts and podcasts of the instructor’s teaching. For the mid-tech flipped class, the podcasts and vodcasts were integrated into an educational website where all instructional and supplementary materials were available. The blended group accessed the educational website after the instructor’s teaching as the extension of the class activities. The control group received the GE conventional instruction (chalk and talk approach). The participants’ learning outcome was assessed by reading paper of Preliminary English Test and their level of impulsivity was measured by BIS-11. The quantitative data were analysed by a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the results revealed a statistically significant difference in reading proficiency of the four groups after the study, in favour of the mid-tech FI. Moreover, while the type of instruction had no effect on reading proficiency of students with different levels of impulsivity across groups, within group comparisons revealed that only mid-tech group members with different levels of impulsivity benefited equally from the instruction. The results of the qualitative data analysis revealed that the majority of students in both groups had positive attitudes towards the experience, although they expressed their needs for some modifications in teacher role, their own role, and the way the instructional materials are prepared and presented.
Highly efficient density inversion of gravity data using nonlinear density polynomial fitting
Authors: Ma Guoqing , Li Zongrui , Li Lili , Wang Taihan 
Published: August 2021

The density inversion of gravity data is commonly achieved by discretizing the subsurface into prismatic cells and calculating the density of each cell. During this process, a weighting function is introduced to the iterative computation to reduce the skin effect during the inversion. Thus, the computation process requires a significant number of matrix operations, which results in low computational efficiency. We have adopted a density inversion method with nonlinear polynomial fitting (NPF) that uses a polynomial to represent the density variation of prismatic cells in a certain space. The computation of each cell is substituted by the computation of the nonlinear polynomial coefficients. Consequently, the efficiency of the inversion is significantly improved because the number of nonlinear polynomial coefficients is less than the number of cells used. Moreover, because representing the density change of all of the cells poses a significant challenge when the cell number is large, we adopt the use of a polynomial to represent the density change of a subregion with fewer cells and multiple nonlinear polynomials to represent the density changes of all prism cells. Using theoretical model tests, we determine that the NPF method more efficiently recovers the density distribution of gravity data compared with conventional density inversion methods. In addition, the density variation of a subregion with 8 × 8 × 8 prismatic cells can be accurately and efficiently obtained using our cubic NPF method, which also can be used for noisy data. Finally, the NPF method is applied to real gravity data in an iron mining area in Shandong Province, China. Convergent results of a 3D perspective view and the distribution of the iron ore bodies are acquired using this method, demonstrating the real-life applicability of this method.
Numerical modeling of multifrequency complex dielectric permittivity dispersion of clay-rich rocks
Authors: Posenato Garcia Artur , Heidari Zoya 
Published: August 2021

Dielectric permittivity measurements in sedimentary rocks are dominated by mineralogy, the volumetric concentration and spatial distribution of solids and fluids, and interfacial polarization. Conventional interpretation models oversimplify these factors, leading to uncertainties in estimates of formation properties such as hydrocarbon reserves. Interpretation challenges are magnified in clay-rich rocks, such as shaly sands and organic-rich mudrocks, due to convoluted rock fabric and mineralogical composition. However, the impact of fabric features and mineralogy on broadband permittivity is not well understood. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to develop a numerical framework to quantify the impact of different minerals and corresponding spatial distribution on the multifrequency complex permittivity of clay-rich rocks. We have solved the quasielectrostatic approximation to Maxwell’s equations in the frequency domain through the finite-volume method. We also introduce a workflow to calculate the effective admittance of the clay network. Furthermore, we derive an equation to incorporate the induced polarization effect into the effective admittance of pyrite particles. Finally, we perform a sensitivity analysis of the complex permittivity of clay-rich rocks in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 1 GHz to the volumetric concentration and spatial distribution of clays, cation exchange capacity (CEC), volumetric concentration of pyrite, and the orientation of the electric field. The simulation results confirm that the presence of clay minerals affects the permittivity and conductivity of the rocks. However, clays can enhance or diminish electrical conductivity values at different frequencies depending on their intrinsic properties and spatial distribution. For instance, laminations significantly enhance permittivity in the sub-MHz frequency range, but their effect is imperceptible at 1 GHz. The CEC variation affects conductivity in the entire frequency range from 100 Hz to 1 GHz and the permittivity at sub-MHz frequencies. A volumetric concentration of pyrite of 5% can enhance permittivity and conductivity at 100 Hz by approximately 50% and 30%, respectively.