bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CPAP Improved Daytime Sleepiness and Memory Function in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Authors: Hong Ya-Ling , Shen Yu-Chih , Chang En-Ting , Kung Shu-Chin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder which results in daytime sleepiness and impaired memory function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on sleepiness and memory function in OSA patients. We also investigated whether CPAP compliance impacted the effect of this treatment.Methods: The case-control study enrolled sixty-six patients with moderate to severe OSA subjects. All subjects completed a polysomnographic study, sleepiness questionnaires (the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and four memory function tests (WM: working memory; PS: processing speed; LM: logical memory; FM: face memory).Results: Prior to CPAP treatment, no significant differences (p< 0.05) were noted in the demographic data, daytime sleepiness, or memory function between the two groups (with/without CPAP). However, OSA patients treated with CPAP for two months showed significant improvements in daytime sleepiness, PS, LM, and FM compared to those who did not receive CPAP treatment. A significant improvement in LM was observed in subjects who exhibited good compliance with CPAP treatment compared to those with poor compliance. Conclusions: In conclusion, CPAP treatment for two months improved daytime sleepiness and memory function in OSA patients. Patients exhibiting good CPAP compliance demonstrated greater improvements in daytime sleepiness and LM function.
Blood Count and Serum Biochemistry Profile in West African Dwarf Goats Fed Ensiled Mixtures of Cocoa Pod, Cassava Pulp and Acacia Leaf
Authors: Raimi OLuwatosin Christie , Adeloye Abiodun Adefunmilayo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of feeding ensiled graded combinations of cocoa pod, cassava pulp and Acacia leaf on haematological and serum biochemical of West African Dwarf goats. In the bid to control environmental pollution, the wastes of cocoa and cassava were applied as alternative feed ingredients for the goat in spite of its low nutrients’ quality and digestibility. A total of Twenty-eight (28) WAD goats (bucks), aged 4 to 5 months with average body weight of 7.00±0.2kg was used in a completely randomized design for a 45 days study to evaluate the blood profiles of goats fed diet combinations (0:60:40) to (60:0:40). The results revealed significant differences in some of the blood parameters measured among the treatments. The red blood cell, packed cell volume and haemoglobin ranged from 4.90-7.87x106/ul, 19.25-26.83% and 7.33-11.15g/L respectively. The concentrations of mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration varied significantly (p < 0.05), white blood cell (5.57-9.75x109L) were comparable and lymphocytes (%) ranged from 43.85-55.67. For serum biochemistry, values obtained for total protein and albumin with sodium followed the same trend while cholesterol, urea, creatinine and glucose followed the same trend. Alanine amino transferase, Aspartate aminotransferase and Alkaline phosphatase varied significantly (p<0.05) among the treatment groups. Since the parameters measured were within the normal range for goats’ blood profile, combinations of cocoa pod, cassava pulp with acacia leaves in the ratio of 0:60:40 to 20:40:40 as browse plants do not have any deleterious effect on the health of the animals.
Characteristics, Decoupling Effect And Driving Factors of Regional Tourism's Carbon Emissions In China
Authors: Xiong Guobao , Deng Junhong , Ding Baogen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Using the tourism's carbon emission data of 30 provinces (cities) in China from 2007 to 2019, we have established a logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) model to identify the main driving factors of carbon emissions related to tourism and a Tapio decoupling model to analyze the decoupling relationship between tourism's carbon emissions and tourism-driven economic growth. Our analysis suggests that China's regional tourism's carbon emissions are growing significantly with marked differences across its regions. Although there are observed fluctuations in the decoupling relationship between regional tourism's carbon emissions and tourism-driven economic growth in China, the data suggest weak decoupling. Nonetheless, the degree of decoupling is rising to various extents across regions. Three of the five driving factors investigated are also found to affect on emissions. Both tourism scale and tourism consumption lead to the growth of tourism's carbon emissions, while energy intensity has a significant effect on reducing emissions. These effects differ across regions.
Depression Affects Working Memory Performance: A Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Study*
Authors: Vural Özge , Yıldırım Erol 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Depression is a complex disorder that can be caused by psychosocial and biological conditions and it not only effects mood disorders, but also cognitive functions such as memory, decision making, psychomotor speed and attention. As a result of the studies, some findings indicate that depressed individuals perform worse in neuropsychological tests than healthy individuals, while other studies indicate there is no difference between the two groups. According to neuroimaging studies on this subject, functional and anatomical differences were detected at the cortex and subcortical levels in the prefrontal lobe. This study is consisting of two parts, behavioral and neuroimaging using fNIRS. BDI was applied to the participants. The average age of the group with lower BDI score is 23,9±3,04; the average age of the higher group with higher BDI score is 22,2+2,28. A visuospatial 2-back task, which includes 4 different stimulus types with neutral, emotional, verbal, and non-verbal qualities, was applied to the participants. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in behavioral data. However, when fNIRS results were examined, it was found that the group with the high BDI scores showed more activation in the right PFC during the visuospatial 2-back task compared to the group with low BDI scores. Although the fNIRS results are consistent in the literature, behavioral findings support some of the findings in literature, while contradicting others. It is thought that the reason for this may be that participants are young, and the 2-back task is not difficult enough.
Vitamins a and D Enhance the Expression of Ror-γ-Targeting MiRNAs in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: kordkhayli Marziyeh Mohammadi , Sahraian Mohammd Ali , Ghorbani Samira , Mansuri Fatemeh , Talebi Farideh , Noorbakhsh Farshid , Saboor-Yaraghi Ali Akbar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Autoreactive T cells including cells with a Th17 phenotype are critical players in MS pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of VitA/D on miRNAs expression involved in Th17 development neuroinflammation using (EAE). Methods: EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice and received IP injections of vitamins A, D or their combination starting one day before the immunization and continued every other day for 30 days. Animals were scored for 30 days. Percentages of Th17 cells were measured in splenocytes following in vitro re-stimulation with MOG using intracellular staining and flow cytometry. Expression of miR-98-5p and Let-7a-5p, two miRNAs that are known to target Ror-t and Ror-t was measured in MOG-stimulated splenocytes as well as in spinal cord tissues using real-time RT-PCR. Results: Treated mice showed decreased frequency of Th17 cells in their spleens following in vitro re-stimulation with antigen, also lower expression of IL17 and Ror-t in their in CNS and splenocytes. Vitamin A and vitamin D-treated splenocytes showed significant upregulation of miR-98-5p in 24 hour and 48 hours time-points and Let-7a-5p expression was induced at 48-hour post-treatment in MOG-treated cells, which showed a strong negative correlation with splenocyte Ror-t levels. Conclusion: Our data suggest that treatment with vitamins A and D can decreased differentiation of Th17 phenotype. This is likely due to upregulation of Ror-t-targeting miRNAs, miR-98-5p and Let-7a-5p following treatment. These findings point to a potential protective role for miRNAs in the context of autoimmune neuroinflammation.
‘I Was Young, I Wanted to Return to Sport, and Re-Ruptured My ACL’ – Young Female Patients’ Voices on the Experience of Sustaining an ACL Re-Rupture, a Mixed Method Study
Authors: Piussi Ramana , Krupic Ferid , Sundemo David , Svantesson Eleonor , Ivarsson Andreas , Johnson Urban , Samuelsson Kristian , Senorski Eric Hamrin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

Despite ACL re-ruptures being common, research on patient experiences after knee trauma has primarily focused on the time after primary ACL reconstruction. Integrating qualitative research and patient experiences can facilitate researchers and clinicians in understanding the burden of an ACL re-rupture. The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of an ACL re-rupture journey in young active females aiming to return to knee-strenuous sports after primary ACL reconstruction.
Method

A two-stage partially mixed sequential dominant status design was used. Fifteen young (19.1[range 16-23] years old) female who suffered an ACL re-rupture were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis using deductive approach based on Wiese-Bjornstal’s ‘integrated model of psychological response to injury’ was used.
Results

The results are presented in two timelines 1) from first ACL injury to ACL re-rupture, and 2) from ACL re-rupture to present day, and further stratified according to the domains of the ‘integrated model of psychological response to injury’. Results in the first timeline are summarised into seven categories: Finding hope for the journey; Accepting my ACL injury; I succeeded; What matters now? Who am I?; Where will this end? What is going to happen? In the second timeline, eight categories were identified: Fighting spirit; A helping hand; Working hard; I am a new me; I am destroyed; Loneliness; Painful changes; and, I could have made it to the pro´s.
Conclusion

Young females who suffered an ACL re-rupture did not express any positive experience following their first ACL injury, however, in contrast, expressed positive experiences and personal growth after going through the ACL re-rupture journey, characterized by a lot of struggling, and ultimately lead to the experience of becoming a new, stronger person.
Hippocampus-Based Static Functional Connectivity Mapping within White Matter in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Jiang Yuan , Wang Pan , Wen Jiaping , Wang Jianlin , Li Hongyi , Biswal Bharat B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), as the early important stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is clinically characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment closely associated with the hippocampus. Accumulating studies have confirmed the presence of neural signal changes within white matter (WM) in resting-state fMRI. However, how the abnormal hippocampus affects the WM regions remained unclear in MCI. The current study employed 43 MCI, 71 very MCI (VMCI) and 87 matched healthy controls (HC) participants from the public OASIS 3 dataset. Adopting left and right hippocampus (HIP.R) as seed points respectively, whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) maps were obtained for each subject. Subsequently, one-way ANOVA was performed to explore the abnormal FC regions with hippocampus within gray matter (GM)/WM. Further probabilistic tracking was performed to explore whether the abnormal FC corresponded to structural connectivity. Compared to HC, MCI and VMCI groups exhibited common reduced static FC (SFC) in the middle temporal gyrus within GM, and temporal pole and inferior frontal gyrus within WM. Specific dysconnectivity was shown in the cerebellum_crus2 and inferior temporal gyrus within GM, and frontal gyrus within WM. In addition, the fiber bundle connecting the HIP.R and temporal pole within WM showed abnormally increased mean diffusion in MCI. The current study extended a new functional imaging direction for exploring the mechanism of memory decline, and promoted the understanding for pathophysiological mechanism in different early stages of AD.
GOx-Assisted Synthesis of Pillar[5]arene Based Supramolecular Polymeric Nanoparticles for Targeted/Synergistic Chemo-Chemodynamic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wang Jin , Wang Di , Cen Moupan , Jing Danni , Bei Jiali , Huang Youyou , Zhang Jianan , Lu Bing , Wang Yang , Yao Yong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Bacground：Cancer is the most serious world's health problems on the global level and various strategies have been developed for cancer therapy. Pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular therapeutic nano-platform (SP/GOx NPs) was constructed successfully via orthogonal dynamic covalent bonds and intermolecular H-bonds with the assistance of glucose oxidase (GOx) and exhibited efficient targeted/synergistic chemo-chemodynamic cancer therapy.Method: The morphology of SP/GOx NPs was characterized by DLS, TEM, SEM and EDS mapping. The cancer therapy efficinecy was investigated both in vivo and in vitro.Results: SP/GOx NPs can load drug molecules (Dox) and modify target molecule (FA-Py) on its surface conveniently. When the resultant FA-Py/SP/GOx/Dox NPs enters blood circulation, FA-Py will target it to cancer cells efficiently, where GOx can catalyst the overexpressed GO to generate H2O2. Subsequently, the generated H2O2 in cancer cells catalyzed by ferrocene unit to form •OH, which can kill cancer cells. Furthermore, the loaded Dox molecules released under acid microenvironment, which can further achieve chemo-therapy.Conclusion: All the experiments showed that the excellent antitumor performance of FA-Py/SP/GOx/Dox NPs, which provided an new method for pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular polymer for biomedical applications.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Polysulfone and Polystyrene-co-maleic Anhydride Blends Compatibility: A mesoscopic, Ewald Approach and Experimental Comparison
Authors: Tesha John Michael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This work aims to use molecular modeling to envisage the compatibility of Polysulfone (PSF) and Poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) polymers blend. A blend-module was developed based on the molecular dynamics (MD) technique compared to an experimental study. Molecular dynamics simulations were achieved using the condensed phase-optimized molecular-potentials for atomistic simulation studies (COMPASS) force field with atomic-based electrostatic. The PSF/PSMA blend compatibility facets and thermodynamic Gibb’s free energy across ranges of PSF/PSMA blend compositions were calculated. In doing so, the Flory Huggins chi interaction parameter of mixing (χ) and solubility parameters (δ) were computed from 298K and on increasing temperature to predict the miscibility of the polymers blend in the amorphous cell model by atomistic simulations. It was found that the blend-system is miscible using the interaction chi parameter of Florry Huggins at a temperature above 400K. At higher time-step, mesoscopic simulations for PSF/PSMA reached equilibrium and computed free energy. Mixing energy indicated the stability of the PSF/PSMA polymer blend. The results of this work narrate to the Flory Huggins theory enthalpy of mixing for binary blend polymers at 40 and 60 % PSMA.Additionally, the kinetic phase of the miscibility/immiscibility of the PSF/PSMA blend system's miscibility/immiscibility was examined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The result confirms the good interaction between the two polymers through the shift of glass transition temperature (Tg) values within individual polymers Tg. It is crucial to investigate the miscibility of two different polymers for a variety of polymer applications. The MD simulation provides a powerful, accurate computational tool in the estimation of polymer compatibilities.
Tumor Microenvironment Stimuli-Responsive Macrophage Cell Membrane-Decorated Multi-Functional Self-Assembled Gold-Quantum Dots Nanomaterials for Tumor Theranostic
Authors: Wang Fan , Yu Qinghua , Li Jia , Jiang Junhao , Deng Tao , Yu Chao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is intently related to tumor growth, progression and invasion, leading to drug resistance and insufficient therapeutic efficacy. However, remodelling TME and utilizing TME for exploring intelligent nanomaterials that can realize tumor theranostic is still challenging. Nowadays, the theranostic based on chemotherapy exposes some deficiencies, such as low targeting, weak permeability and premature clearance. Furthermore, it is challenging to cure drug-resistant tumors effectively. For the sake of solving these problems, a biomimetic decomposable nano-theranostic (MMV-Au-CDs-DOX) was well-established in this work. The Au-CDs are coated with macrophage-derived microvesicle to realize drug release accurately and enhance the biocompatibility of internal nanoparticles. Furthermore, MMV-Au-CDs-DOX would locate in the inflammation position of tumor, and disintegrate correspondingly into pieces with certain different functions stimulated by TME. Subsequently, the released anti-tumor nanodrugs were used for multimodal therapy, including chemotherapy and chemodynamic therapy. In addition, combined with the ability of Au-CDs to recognize GSH specifically, the off-on fluorescent probe was constructed to monitor the GSH of patients and provided information on chemotherapy resistance.
On Secrecy Outage Probability for Downlink NOMA Systems With Relay-Antenna Selection
Authors: Xu Shu , Liu Chen , Wang Hong , Qian Mujun , Sun Wenfeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Secure transmission is essential for future non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. This paper investigates relay-antenna selection (RAS) to enhance physical-layer security (PLS) of cooperative NOMA system in the presence of an eavesdropper, where multiple antennas are deployed at the relays, the users, and the eavesdropper. In order to reduce expense on radio frequency (RF) chains, selection combining (SC) is employed at both the relays and the users, whilst the eavesdropper employs either maximal-ratio combining (MRC) or selection combining (SC) to process the received signals. Under the condition that the channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropping channel is available or unavailable, two e↵ective relay-antenna selection schemes are proposed. Additionally, the closed-form expressions of secrecy outage probability (SOP) are derived for the proposed relay-antenna selection schemes. In order to gain more deep insights on the derived results, the asymptotic performance of the derived SOP is analyzed. In simulations, it is demonstrated that the theoretical results match well with the simulation results and the SOP of the proposed schemes is less than that of the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme obviously.
Metagenomic Anaysis of Nasal Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicle in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis.
Authors: Chiang Tsai-Yeh , Yang Yu-Ru , Zhuo Ming-Ying , Yang Feng , Zhang Ying-Fei , Fu Chia-Hsiang , Lee Ta-Jen , Chung Wen-Hung , Chen Liang , Chang Chih-Jung 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nasal Microbiota is crucial for the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR). However, never study investigates the microbiota in nasal extracellular vesicles (EVs). Objective: We aim to compare the microbiome composition and diversity in EVs between AR and health controls (HCs), and reveal the potential metabolic mechanisms in AR. Eosinophil count and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were measured in AR patients (n=20) and HCs (n=19). Nasal EVs were identified by transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to profile microbial communities. Alpha and beta diversity were analyzed to reflect the microbial diversity. Taxonomic abundance was analyzed based on linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe). Microbial metabolic pathways were characterized using PICRUSt and KEGG analyses. Eosinophils, total serum IgE, and specific IgE to Dermatophagoides were increased in AR patients. Alpha diversity in nasal EVs from AR patients were lower than that in HCs. Beta diversity showed the microbiome differences between AR and HCs. Microbial abundance was distinct between AR and HCs at different taxonomic levels. The significant higher level of genera Acetobacter, Mycoplasma, Escherichia and Halomonas in AR patients than those in HCs. Conversely, the genera Zoogloea, Streptococcus, Burkholderia as well as Pseudomonas were more abundant in the HCs group. Moreover, 35 microbial metabolic pathways were different between AR and HCs, and 25 pathways were more abundant in AR. AR patients had distinguished microbiota characteristics in nasal EVs compared with HCs. The metabolic mechanisms of microbiota regulating AR development also altered. The nasal fluid may reflect the specific pattern of microbiome EVs in patients with AR.
Biodynamic Lighting Conditions Preserve Nocturnal Melatonin Production in Pregnant Women During Hospitalization: A Randomized Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Bagci Soyhan , Wieduwilt Astrid , Alsat Ebru Aileen , Blickwedel Jana , Strizek Brigitte , Battista Christian Di , Lachner Agnes , Plischke Herbert , Melaku Tamene , Müller Andreas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Maternal circadian rhythms are important for maintaining maternal and fetal homeostasis. The maternal circadian system coordinates the internal clock of the fetus with environmental lighting conditions via the melatonin signal. The intensity and wavelength of daylight influence nocturnal melatonin production. This study aims to evaluate the effect of environmental lighting conditions on melatonin production in pregnant women with reduced mobility during hospitalization. We installed a human-centric lighting system with biodynamic effects (BDL, biodynamic lighting) in the patient rooms. The pregnant women in the patient rooms with standard indoor conditions served as a control group. The illuminance (lux) and dose of effective circadian irradiation (Hec) were recorded every 10 seconds by light dosimeters (Lucerne University, Switzerland) attached to the patients` clothing. We analyzed the illuminance status of 47 pregnant women with a median (IQR) gestational age of 29.9 (25.4-32.3) weeks of gestation. The median illuminance in the control group was significantly lower (p<0.05) than in the BDL group in the morning and afternoon from day 1 to 5. BDL patients had a significantly higher effective circadian irradiation in the morning. The effective circadian irradiation showed a significant daily rhythm only in the BDL group. The BDL group had a significantly higher melatonin production on day 3 (p=0.006) and day 6 (p=0.012) than the control group (median (IQR) 15840 (10140-22160) ng vs. 6141 (2080-11328) ng/n on day 3 and 18780 (11320-23562) ng vs. 6380 (3500-17600) ng on day 6). We have demonstrated that dramatically altered lighting conditions of hospitalized pregnant women may be optimized by installing biodynamic lighting systems in the patient rooms resulting in the maintenance of nocturnal melatonin production in pregnant women.