bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergency department usage by adults with cerebral palsy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gill Jaskirath , Morgan Prue , Enticott Joanne 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo retrospectively profile the ED usage for a cohort of adults with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodsFive years of ED data from a Victorian hospital network was analysed to identify participants with CP using the Victorian Emergency Minimum Dataset supplemented with scrutiny of inpatient admission data to identify cases because of limited ED coding of CP. Presentation frequency, emergency diagnoses (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes) and presentation sequelae were calculated and described. An investigation into rates of low urgency presentations was conducted. Differences between adult and paediatric cohorts were described.ResultsParticipants with CP constituted 1586 ED presentations. Adults represented 43% (n = 689) of these. Thirty percent of adults presented more than five times over the study period, with respiratory (25%), gastrointestinal (17%) and epilepsy/convulsion diagnoses (11%) being the most common presentations. Rates of inpatient hospital admissions from the ED increased with age in adults (P < 0.001). Low urgency presentations made up 8.9% of total adult presentations.ConclusionsThe high rates of respiratory diagnoses and epilepsy/convulsions, both ambulatory care‐sensitive conditions, may be indicative of transitional challenges between paediatric and adult healthcare, potentially highlighting difficulties in accessing primary care services. Relatively low rates of ‘low urgency’ presentations may suggest perceived medical fragility in this vulnerable population. People with CP who present to ED and were not admitted may be underrepresented in this data. National expansion of this research will aid the development of an evidence‐based model of care for CP in Australia.
Quality attributes for barley malt: “The backbone of beer”
Authors: Rani Heena , Bhardwaj Rachana D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMalting is the process of preparing barley for brewing through partial germination followed by drying. This process softens the grain cell wall and stimulates the production of diastatic enzymes, which convert starch into malt extract. The suitability of a barley grain for malt production depends upon a large number of quality parameters that are crucial for the identification and release of high‐quality malt varieties. Maintaining tight control of these quality attributes is essential to ensure high processing efficiency and final product quality in brewery and malt house. Therefore, we have summarized the basic malting process and various physiological and biochemical quality parameters that are desirable for better malt quality. This study may provide an understanding of the process, problems faced, and opportunities to maltsters and researchers to improve the malt efficiency by altering the malting process or malt varieties.
Ultrasound‐guided portal vein puncture during Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: Technique and experience of a quaternary liver transplant hospital
Authors: Lamanna Anthony , Mitreski Goran , Maingard Julian , Owen Andrew , Schelleman Tony , Goodwin Mark , Ranatunga Dinesh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionPortal hypertension (PH) is associated with complications including refractory ascites and variceal haemorrhage and can be treated endovascularly with a Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS). Portal vein puncture during TIPS using real‐time transabdominal ultrasound guidance is one of many portal vein puncture techniques and is seldom used compared with other methods. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe this technique and its associated procedural outcomes at a quaternary liver transplant hospital.MethodsClinical data of all patients who underwent ultrasound‐guided TIPS at our institution between 1 January 2009 and 1 January 2019 were retrospectively obtained from electronic medical records and reviewed. Patient demographics, indications, procedural outcomes and complications were recorded.ResultsForty‐four ultrasound‐guided TIPS procedures were performed during the study period.The most common indication for TIPS was refractory ascites (n = 26; 57%) and variceal haemorrhage (n = 12; 26%). Technical success rate was 100%. No intraprocedural complications occurred. Periprocedural complication rate was 35% (n = 16) with encephalopathy (n = 8; 17%) and sepsis (n = 5; 11%) the most common. One patient with sepsis died. No other TIPS‐related deaths occurred. Median fluoroscopy time, contrast volume, air kerma and dose area product values for all procedures were 35 minutes (IQR 24–51), 100 ml (IQR 70–160), 0.95 Gy (IQR 0.50–1.53) and 127 Gycm2 (IQR 68.75–206), respectively.ConclusionTransabdominal ultrasound‐guided portal vein puncture during TIPS is safe and technically feasible. When compared to fluoroscopically guided methods, it is associated with lower intraprocedural complication rates, fluoroscopy times, contrast volumes and radiation doses in our experience. Radiation doses, FTs and contrast volumes were also considerably lower than recommended limits.
Language and Management Forecasts Around the World*
Authors: Guan Yuyan , Wang Zheng , Wong M. H. Franco , Xin Xiangang 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTSpeakers of weak future‐time reference (FTR) languages perceive the future as closer and more imminent. In this study, we examine the important question of whether the FTR properties of languages spoken by investors affect their demand for forward‐looking information, thereby influencing corporate management forecast practices in different countries. We predict that investors who speak weak‐FTR languages are more concerned about the future prospects of their investments and the ability of company management to respond to future changes, leading to a greater demand for management forecasts from these companies. We find that firms in weak‐FTR language countries exhibit a greater propensity for and frequency of issuing management forecasts and that they also issue more long‐horizon forecasts, compared to those in strong‐FTR language countries. Our results hold after controlling for other country‐level cultural factors. Within the same countries, firms with more foreign institutional ownership from weak‐FTR countries issue more (long‐horizon) management forecasts than their counterparts. Finally, firms from strong‐FTR countries significantly increase their issuance of (long‐horizon) management forecasts, after cross‐listing their stocks in Germany, a weak‐FTR country. This is the first study to examine language FTR as an antecedent to voluntary disclosures. We document a linguistic trait as a novel investor environment factor that shapes corporate voluntary disclosures and explains the cross‐country variations in management forecast practices.
Neutralization of oxidized phospholipids attenuates age‐associated bone loss in mice
Authors: Palmieri Michela , Almeida Maria , Nookaew Intawat , Gomez‐Acevedo Horacio , Joseph Teenamol E. , Que Xuchu , Tsimikas Sotirios , Sun Xiaoli , Manolagas Stavros C. , Witztum Joseph L. , Ambrogini Elena 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) are pro‐inflammatory molecules that affect bone remodeling under physiological conditions. Transgenic expression of a single‐chain variable fragment (scFv) of the antigen‐binding domain of E06, an IgM natural antibody that recognizes the phosphocholine (PC) moiety of OxPLs, increases trabecular and cortical bone in adult male and female mice by increasing bone formation. OxPLs increase with age, while natural antibodies decrease. Age‐related bone loss is associated with increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation and is characterized by a decline in osteoblast number and bone formation, raising the possibility that increased OxPLs, together with the decline of natural antibodies, contribute to age‐related bone loss. We show here that transgenic expression of E06‐scFv attenuated the age‐associated loss of spinal, femoral, and total bone mineral density in both female and male mice aged up to 22 and 24 months, respectively. E06‐scFv attenuated the age‐associated decline in trabecular bone, but not cortical bone, and this effect was associated with an increase in osteoblasts and a decrease in osteoclasts. Furthermore, RNA‐seq analysis showed that E06‐scFv increased Wnt10b expression in vertebral bone in aged mice, indicating that blocking OxPLs increases Wnt signaling. Unlike age‐related bone loss, E06‐scFv did not attenuate the bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency or unloading in adult mice. These results demonstrate that OxPLs contribute to age‐associated bone loss. Neutralization of OxPLs, therefore, is a promising therapeutic target for senile osteoporosis, as well as atherosclerosis and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), two other conditions shown to be attenuated by E06‐scFv in mice.
Associations between financial gambling motives, gambling frequency and level of problem gambling: a meta‐analytic review
Authors: Tabri Nassim , Xuereb Silas , Cringle Natalie , Clark Luke 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsMoney is central to psychological definitions of gambling, but contemporary accounts are ambiguous regarding the role of financial motives in disordered gambling. The aims of the current research were to obtain meta‐analytic weighted effect sizes for zero‐order associations of financial motives against gambling frequency and level of problem gambling, as well as partial associations after controlling for other motives (e.g. coping).MethodsA meta‐analysis of the literature through February 2021 was undertaken. Studies were identified from multiple sources (e.g. database search, other researchers). PRISMA standards were followed when screening identified records and extracting relevant data. The data analytic plan was pre‐registered. We included 44 cross‐sectional studies that involved student, community and clinical samples of people who gamble (sample sizes ranged from 22–5666), using validated self‐report measures of financial gambling motives alongside measures of either gambling frequency and/or problem gambling.ResultsFinancial gambling motives were positively associated with gambling frequency, r = 0.29, 95% CI = [0.21, 0.37], n = 22 738, and level of problem gambling, r = 0.35, 95% CI = [0.31, 0.38], n = 38 204, with moderate effect sizes. Partial associations after controlling for overlapping variance with other gambling motives were also positive (gambling frequency: β = 0.14, 95% CI = [0.05, 0.22], n = 13 844; level of problem gambling: β = 0.18, 95% CI = [0.13, 0.22], n = 28 146), with small‐to‐moderate effect sizes. Effect sizes were heterogeneous and the extent of heterogeneity was high. Analyses of the zero‐order association involving gambling frequency indicated that gambling motives measure (greater for Gambling Motives Questionnaire‐Financial) and sample mean age (greater for younger samples) were moderators. No other moderators were statistically significant.ConclusionsFinancial gambling motives appear to be reliably and positively associated with both gambling frequency and level of problem gambling.
A comparative study of the effects of gutta‐percha solvents on human osteoblasts and murine fibroblasts
Authors: Gundogan Gul Ipek , Durmus Sare , Ozturk Gulgun Cansu , Kucukyesil Nazmi , Acar Yasin Talat , Balaban Rumeysa , Kig Cenk 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the in vitro physiologic effects of xylene, chloroform, orange oil and eucalyptus oil solvents for dissolving gutta‐percha on L929 and HOB cell lines; 2.5 and 10 μL mL−1 of these solvents were tested for 24, 48 and 72 h. Gutta‐percha solvents inhibited the proliferation rate of fibroblasts in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner; however, no inhibition was detected in HOB (evaluated using MTT assay). None of the solvents induced apoptosis/necrosis in HOB cells at ≤2.5 μL mL−1 concentration in contrast to L929 (determined using acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining). Each solvent tested reduced the migration rate of both L929 and HOB cell lines in a dose‐dependent manner (evaluated using a scratch assay). Gutta‐percha solvents can damage fibroblast‐rich tissues. Osteoblasts seemed to be more resistant to the tested solvents, and excessive extrusion of solvents from the root canal may also damage the periradicular tissues and reduce the ability to repair.
Characteristics of nursing homes associated with COVID‐19 outbreaks and mortality among residents in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Ibrahim Joseph E. , Li Yingtong , McKee Grace , Eren Hagar , Brown Charlotte , Aitken Georgia , Pham Tony 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine nursing home characteristics associated with COVID‐19 outbreak, outbreak size and mortality, during the second wave in Victoria, Australia.MethodPopulation‐based cross‐sectional study of all nursing homes in Victoria between 7 July and 13 November 2020.ResultsThere were one or more resident cases of COVID‐19 in 9.7% of nursing homes (74/766). COVID‐19 intrusion was more likely in larger metropolitan facilities, privately owned by large chains, with a past history of regulatory non‐compliance, located close to high‐risk industry. Larger outbreaks were associated with homes in metropolitan areas, accommodating 91 or more residents, with shared rooms, owned by private providers operating many (11 or more) facilities. The highest case‐fatality rates were observed in homes owned by not‐for‐profit providers operating many facilities, located close to high‐risk industry.ConclusionStratifying nursing homes according to characteristics associated with morbidity and mortality can inform risk management, prioritising emergency responses and optimising future nursing home operations.
To what extent do postpartum contraception policies or guidelines exist in Australia and New Zealand: A document analysis study
Authors: Cheney Kate , Dorney Edwina , Black Kirsten , Grzeskowiak Luke , Romero Evelyn , McGeechan Kevin 
Published: July 2021

Women are susceptible to unintended, rapid repeat pregnancies in the first 12 months postpartum. Access to postpartum contraception, specifically long‐acting reversible contraception, enables better planning of pregnancy timing and spacing and allows optimisation of health before the next conception. Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG), and implementation policies, supported by consumer input, can improve such access. We searched publicly available Australian and New Zealand guidelines and policy documents addressing postpartum contraception. One CPG detailed specific information about postpartum contraception and, although of high quality, requires modification to local contexts to support implementation and policy development.
Experiences of parent–adolescent dyads regarding a Facebook‐based intervention to improve overweight/obesity treatment in adolescents: A qualitative study
Authors: Félix Sílvia , Ramalho Sofia , Ribeiro Eugénia , Pinheiro Joana , de Lourdes Marta , Gonçalves Sónia , Conceição Eva 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAPOLO‐Teens is a Facebook‐based psychological intervention aiming to optimize hospital treatment for adolescents with overweight/obesity. The present qualitative study aims to explore (1) how adolescents experienced participation in APOLO‐Teens and (2) how parents perceived adolescents' participation. Sixteen adolescent–parent dyads were interviewed by telephone using semistructured guides. An inductive approach of thematic analysis was used to analyze data by two independent codifiers. The consensus was used to resolve differences in coding/themes, and two independent auditors reviewed the codes and the themes proposed. We identified four themes from adolescents' interviews, namely, expectations, perception of outcomes, participation in the intervention, and sharing of acquired knowledge. From parents' interviews, we identified five themes: expectations for son/daughter participation, perception of adolescents' outcomes, son/daughter participation, parental role, and use of social networks in intervention programs for adolescents. Both elements of the dyad indicated that adolescents' participation in APOLO‐Teens contributed to favorable outcomes, further highlighting the use of online interventions to complement the hospital treatment of adolescents with overweight/obesity. Future studies should address the viewpoints of adolescents and parents in the design of Facebook‐based interventions, namely, to implement tailored, shorter, less time‐demanding interventions that favor engagement between participants and parental involvement.
On gold recycling. A physicochemical point of view
Authors: Guerra Maria F. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPerceived as a material and a colour, gold has assumed major societal roles. It has been used as a medium of exchange and in the production of objects with cultural, social, and religious meanings. Being a finite resource, gold has often been subjected to recycling processes. Over time, some objects were reused to make new objects and others were melted down to use the resulting gold as raw material. These operations can be approached using an appropriate analytical protocol. Analytical challenges raised by studies on the reuse and recycling of gold are discussed in the given examples, some of them focusing on coins and others on jewellery and ritual objects. To illustrate the different levels of analytical difficulty, some of these objects were made during times of gold scarcity and others in periods of gold influx.
Relations between gender stereotyping and foreign language attainment: The mediating role of language learners’ anxiety and self‐efficacy
Authors: Kutuk Gulsah , Putwain David W. , Kaye Linda K. , Garrett Bethan 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundGender stereotyping of academic domains has long been a major issue in education. However, previous research has mainly focused on male‐dominated fields and women’s disadvantage in such fields. Little attention has been paid to the fields of study, such as foreign language learning, which are typically stereotyped as female domains.AimsThis study aimed to investigate whether relations between (1) learners’ gender stereotypes about English as a foreign language (EFL) learning and language attainment and (2) learner perceptions of teacher stereotypes of EFL learning and language attainment were mediated by anxiety and self‐efficacy.SampleData were collected from 701 university students (Mage = 19.7 years, 49.4% male) learning EFL in three Turkish universities.MethodData were collected over three waves. Multi‐group structural equation modelling approach was used to analyse the data.ResultsResults showed the relations between learners’ gender stereotypes about EFL learning, and language attainment were mediated by self‐efficacy. Self‐efficacy also mediated the relationship between learner perceptions of teacher stereotypes of EFL learning and language attainment, but only for women. Language anxiety was not a mediator between gender stereotypes and attainment in either model tested.ConclusionsFindings show that gender stereotypes about EFL learning might affect learners’ language attainment by altering their self‐efficacy. Helping learners to maximise their self‐efficacy will therefore be beneficial for their language attainment.
Real beauty: Effects of a body‐positive video on body image and capacity to mitigate exposure to social media images
Authors: Danthinne Elisa S. , Giorgianni Francesca E. , Ando Kanako , Rodgers Rachel F. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveRecent industry‐created social marketing campaigns have targeted positive body image; however, research investigating the effects of such social media campaigns on body image has largely neglected non‐Western English‐speaking groups. This study explored the effects on body image of a video produced by Dove for a Japanese audience ‘Real Beauty ID’, and its capacity to modify the effects of subsequent exposure to celebrity social media images of young women.MethodYoung women from Japan (n = 568), mean age (SD) = 25.38 (3.52) years, were randomly allocated to view either the Dove Real Beauty ID video, or a control video, followed by exposure to celebrity social media images (female celebrities or landscapes). Finally, participants reported on state and trait appearance‐based comparisons, thin ideal internalization, body appreciation, and media similarity scepticism.ResultsAmong participants with high levels of thin ideal internalization, those who viewed the Dove Real Beauty ID video reported significantly lower satisfaction with body and facial features, as well as more negative mood (p < .05) compared with the control video. Little support emerged for the capacity of the Dove Real Beauty ID video to modify the effects of exposure to celebrity social media images, nor were these effects moderated by risk and resilience factors.ConclusionsIn sum, no usefulness emerged for the Dove Real Beauty ID video in promoting positive body image, and limited usefulness was seen in buffering the effects of exposure to celebrity social media images among Japanese young women. Given the reach of such interventions, exploring whether interventions that are culturally adapted and theoretically driven are more helpful is warranted.
The development of financial participation in Europe
Authors: Ligthart Paul E. M. , Poutsma Erik , Brewster Chris 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we assess the development of financial participation schemes, employee share ownership and profit‐sharing in selected European countries and the degree to which they are correlated with strategic human resource management, and industrial relations, that is collective bargaining, unionization and works councils, and national context. This study adds a more dynamic perspective to the literature on the incidence of financial participation by using a longitudinal approach rarely found before. Our hypotheses are based on the theoretical frameworks of strategic human resource management (HRM), industrial relations and institutional approach. We use data drawn from the waves of the Cranet surveys on Human Resource Management: 1999/2000, 2005/06, 2010/11 and 2015/16. We find that both time and national location are important. The national context matters in particularly for profit‐sharing and less for employee share ownership. For both forms of financial participation, the country regulative context is also more important than industrial relations factors and HRM strategies. In general, industrial relation factors gain importance over time and become more important than the HRM strategy for employee share ownership (ESO) but not for profit‐sharing (PS). In general, over the whole period, commitment HRM is more important for the incidence of ESO and PS than control HRM, but the relative importance of these strategies varies per year.