bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A solution for the chicken and egg paradox in taxi e-hailing platforms: some evidence from the MyTaxi – FreeNow case
Authors: Tani Mario , Troise Ciro , Basile Gianpaolo 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
This study aims to explore the chicken and egg paradox in the taxi e-hailing business contributing to define a condition of system emergence. This paradox is a meaningful one as these platforms represent a system where the passengers systems have no reason to participate if they have no drivers-systems to answer their call, but, at the same time, the platform is not useful to the drivers-system if there are no passengers-systems using the platform.

Design/methodology/approach
To understand how this paradox has been dealt with in the taxi e-hailing business, this study focused on a case study on a best practice in Italian taxi e-hailing industry (i.e. MyTaxi/FreeNow). This study wants to comprehend which actions have been implemented to solve this paradox and has tried to identify the interconnections between the various strategies to create a closed loop diagram for further testing.

Findings
This study has found that the company did not choose a single “subsystem” (passenger or driver), but it has stimulated the creation of several mutually reinforcing motivation for have both subsystems interact to help the company grow.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paradox has never been studied using the complex adaptive system perspective. This perspective is particularly useful in this case and in the similar ones with several different interacting factors that cannot be really studied without using a higher order perspective.
What matters most in achieving customer satisfaction in banking? A study from the perspective of employee characteristics
Authors: Aslam Wajeeha , Farhat Kashif , Arif Imtiaz , Goi Chai Lee 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThis study aims to identify the factors that influence customer satisfaction in the banking sector from the perspective of employee characteristics. More specifically, this study identifies the impact of employee etiquettes, employee performance, technical selling skills and customer-oriented behavior on customer satisfaction in the banking industry. The study also seeks to investigate the mediating effect of employee etiquettes, employee performance and technical selling skills on the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer-oriented behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected with the help of a Likert scale questionnaire from the active banking customers in Karachi, Pakistan, who visit bank branches once a month minimum. For 268 responses, partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was employed for hypothesis testing.FindingsThe results showed a positive and significant relationship between customer-oriented behavior and employee etiquettes, technical selling skills and performance. The employee’s customer-oriented behavior, etiquettes, technical selling skills and performance were also found to be significantly related with customer satisfaction. Finally, the results revealed that technical selling skills, employee performance and employee etiquettes partially mediate the relationship between customer-oriented behavior and customer satisfaction.Practical implicationsIt is recommended that banking employees should adopt customer-oriented behavior in order to achieve and maintain customer satisfaction. The bank managers should also work on improving the etiquettes and performance of the employees and provide them detailed technical knowledge of the services and products offered by the bank.Originality/valueArguably, it is one of the first studies to examine the mediating effects of employees' technical selling skills and employees' performance on the relationship between customer orientation and customer satisfaction, specifically in the banking industry.
Vitamin retention during the canning of swordfish (Xiphias gladius) with different filling media
Authors: Cobas N. , Piñeiro‐Lago L. , Gómez‐Limia L. , Franco I. , Martínez S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSwordfish (Xiphias gladius) is an economically and nutritionally important fish. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of the various steps of the canning process and of different filling media (olive oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, and high oleic sunflower oil) on the fat‐ and water‐soluble vitamin contents of swordfish. An HPLC‐based method was used for this purpose. The canning process led to loss of some vitamins, particularly of vitamin D3. Loss of this vitamin mainly occurred during storage and although important (89.34% to 91.36%), canned swordfish can be considered a good source of vitamin D3, providing between 50% and 64% of the RDI. The frying process also caused significant loss of vitamin B9 (73.7%). However, the vitamin E content increased due to contributions from the frying and filling oils. The canned swordfish packed in olive oil had lower vitamin A (107.35 µg/100 g) and E (1.58 mg/100 g) contents than the fish packed in sunflower oil (193.28 µg/100 g and 2.28 mg/100 g, respectively). The swordfish packed in sunflower oil also had the highest B2 (0.036 mg/100 g) content. The swordfish packed in corn oil had the lowest vitamin A (80.17 µg/100 g) and B2 (0.012 mg/100 g) contents, while the samples packed in high oleic sunflower oil had the lowest contents of vitamins B9 (0.14 µg/100 g) and B12 (2.37 mg/100 g).Practical ApplicationSwordfish (Xiphias gladius) is consumed worldwide and is economically very important in the seafood industry. The canning process caused losses of some vitamins, particularly of vitamins D3 and B9; however, the vitamin E content increased due to the frying and filling oils. The study findings may contribute to increasing knowledge about how processing, storage and the filling medium influence the composition of canned fish.
The role of androgens in clitorophallus development and possible applications to transgender patients
Authors: Grimstad Frances , Boskey Elizabeth R. , Taghinia Amir , Estrada Carlos R. , Ganor Oren 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe clitorophallus, or glans, is a critical structure in sexual development and plays an important role in how gender is conceptualized across the life span. This can be seen in both the evaluation and treatment of intersex individuals and the use of gender‐affirming masculinizing therapies to help those born with a clitoris (small clitorophallus with separate urethra) enlarge or alter the function of that structure.ObjectivesTo review the role of testosterone in clitorophallus development from embryo to adulthood, including how exogenous testosterone is used to stimulate clitorophallus enlargement in masculinizing gender‐affirming therapy.Materials and MethodsRelevant English‐language literature was identified and evaluated for data regarding clitorophallus development in endosex and intersex individuals and the utilization of hormonal and surgical masculinizing therapies on the clitorophallus. Studies included evaluated the spectrum of terms regarding the clitorophallus (genital tubercle, clitoris, micropenis, penis).ResultsEndogenous testosterone, and its more active metabolite dihydrotestosterone, plays an important role in the development of the genital tubercle into the clitorophallus, primarily during the prenatal and early postnatal periods and then again during puberty. Androgens contribute to not only growth but also the inclusion of a urethra on the ventral aspect. Exogenous testosterone can be used to enlarge the small clitorophallus (clitoris or micropenis) as part of both intersex and gender‐affirming care (in transmasculine patients, up to 2 cm of additional growth). Where testosterone is insufficient to provide the degree of masculinization desired, surgical options including phalloplasty and metoidioplasty are available.Discussion and ConclusionEndogenous testosterone plays an important role in clitorophallus development, and there are circumstances where exogenous testosterone may be useful for masculinization. Surgical options may also help some patients reach their personal goals. As masculinizing gender‐affirming care advances, the options available for clitorophallus modifications will likely continue to expand and improve.
British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) consensus document: management of bladder and ureteric injury
Authors: Sahai Arun , Ali Ased , Barratt Rachel , Belal Mohammed , Biers Suzanne , Hamid Rizwan , Harding Christopher , Parkinson Richard , Reid Sheilagh , Thiruchelvam Nikesh ,   Section of Female, Neurological, Urodynamic Urology, British Association of Urological Surgeons
Published: April 2021

Injuries to the bladder and ureter are uncommon but usually require prompt urological management. Due to their infrequent nature, Urologists maybe unfamiliar with managing these acute problems and may not work in specialist centres with readily available expertise in open and abdominal surgery. We aim to provide advice in the form of a consensus statement led by the Female, Neurological and Urodynamic Urology (FNUU) Section of the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS), in consultation with BAUS members and consultants working in units throughout the UK, to create a comprehensive management pathway and a series of statements to aid clinicians.
Corporal Punishment and Elevated Neural Response to Threat in Children
Authors: Cuartas Jorge , Weissman David G. , Sheridan Margaret A. , Lengua Liliana , McLaughlin Katie A. 
Published: April 2021

Spanking remains common around the world, despite evidence linking corporal punishment to detrimental child outcomes. This study tested whether children (Mage = 11.60) who were spanked (N = 40) exhibited altered neural function in response to stimuli that suggest the presence of an environmental threat compared to children who were not spanked (N = 107). Children who were spanked exhibited greater activation in multiple regions of the medial and lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), including dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, dorsomedial PFC, bilateral frontal pole, and left middle frontal gyrus in response to fearful relative to neutral faces compared to children who were not spanked. These findings suggest that spanking may alter neural responses to environmental threats in a manner similar to more severe forms of maltreatment.
Zebrafish modeling mimics developmental phenotype of patients with RAPGEF1 mutation
Authors: Li Na , Zhou Pei , Yang Miaomiao , Fang Xiang , Krämer Nadine , Mughal Tauqeer Ahmed , Abbasi Ansar A. , Yang Ye , Kaindl Angela M. , Hu Hao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRAPGEF1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor responsible for transmitting extracellular signals to the Ras family of GTPase located at the inside of membrane. Here, we report for the first time a homozygous mutation of RAPGEF1 in a consanguineous family with two siblings affected by neuropsychiatric disorder. To confirm the correlation of the mutation and the phenotype, we utilized in silico analysis and established a zebrafish model. Survival rate was reduced in the rapgef1a‐knockdown model, and the zebrafish showed global morphological abnormalities, particularly of brain and blood vessels. Co‐application of human RAPGEF1 wildtype mRNA effectively rescued the abnormal phenotype, while that of RAPGEF1 mRNA carrying the human mutation did not. This work is the first report of a human Mendelian disease associated with RAPGEF1 and the first report of a zebrafish model built for this gene. The phenotype of zebrafish model provides further evidence that defective RAPGEF1 may lead to global developmental delay in human patients.
Visualizing and Interacting with Geospatial Networks: A Survey and Design Space
Authors: Schöttler Sarah , Yang Yalong , Pfister Hanspeter , Bach Benjamin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper surveys visualization and interaction techniques for geospatial networks from a total of 95 papers. Geospatial networks are graphs where nodes and links can be associated with geographic locations. Examples can include social networks, trade and migration, as well as traffic and transport networks. Visualizing geospatial networks poses numerous challenges around the integration of both network and geographical information as well as additional information such as node and link attributes, time and uncertainty. Our overview analyses existing techniques along four dimensions: (i) the representation of geographical information, (ii) the representation of network information, (iii) the visual integration of both and (iv) the use of interaction. These four dimensions allow us to discuss techniques with respect to the trade‐offs they make between showing information across all these dimensions and how they solve the problem of showing as much information as necessary while maintaining readability of the visualization. https://geonetworks.github.io.
Who can spot a potential problem gambler? Testing “it takes one to know one” and acquaintanceship effects in a university student population
Authors: Vorauer Jacquie D. , Anderson Shelby , Badejo Adefemi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHow easy is it for individuals to detect low to moderate levels of problem gambling tendencies in others? Are individuals who have problem gambling tendencies themselves, or are close relationship partners, more accurate judges? We examine these questions in two studies involving a total of 336 interacting dyads drawn largely from a university student population. In Study 1 all pairs were strangers, whereas in Study 2 approximately half of the pairs were close. After the “judge” observed the “target” complete a gambling task, the dyad had a face‐to‐face discussion, with topics including favorite pastimes and personal weaknesses. Judges estimated the target's problem gambling tendencies, and both judges and targets self‐reported their own gambling tendencies. There was evidence of modest, albeit somewhat inconsistent, accuracy in individuals’ judgments of the other person's problem gambling tendencies, but no “it takes one to know one” or acquaintanceship effects were apparent. Results also indicated that judges evidenced a projection bias, whereby they saw the target as similar to themselves, especially within close pairs. These results reveal that even after minimal interaction with a stranger individuals can be able to judge the person's gambling tendencies with some accuracy. At the same time, our findings indicating that close others and those with problem gambling tendencies themselves are not more or less tuned in to the early signs of a problem than anyone else suggest that it would be inappropriate to be especially convinced by—or skeptical of—these individuals’ judgments.
Towards a better understanding of adult idiopathic epidermal necrolysis: a retrospective study of 19 cases
Authors: Monnet P. , Rodriguez C. , Gaudin O. , Cirotteau P. , Papouin B. , Dereure O. , Tetart F. , Lalevee S. , Colin A. , Lebrun‐Vignes B. , Abe E. , Alvarez J.‐C. , Demontant V. , Gricourt G. , de Prost N. , Barau C. , Chosidow O. , Wolkenstein P. , Hue S. , Ortonne N. , Milpied B. , Ingen‐Housz‐Oro S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundMost cases of Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are drug‐induced. A small subset of cases remain with unknown aetiology (idiopathic epidermal necrolysis [IEN]).ObjectiveWe sought to better describe adult IEN and understand the aetiology.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted in 4 centres of the French national reference centre for epidermal necrolysis. Clinical data were collected for the 19 adults hospitalized for IEN between January 2015 and December 2019. Wide toxicology analysis of blood samples was performed. Histology of IEN cases was compared with blinding to skin biopsies of drug‐induced EN (DIEN, ‘controls’). Available baseline skin biopsies were analysed by shotgun metagenomics and transcriptomics and compared to controls.ResultsIEN cases represented 15.6% of all EN cases in these centres. The median age of patients was 38 (range 16–51) years; 68.4% were women. Overall, 63.2% (n = 12) of cases required intensive care unit admission and 15.8% (n = 3) died at the acute phase. Histology showed the same patterns of early‐ to late‐stage EN with no difference between DIEN and IEN cases. One toxicology analysis showed unexpected traces of carbamazepine; results for other cases were negative. Metagenomics analysis revealed no unexpected pathological microorganism. Transcriptomic analysis highlighted a different pro‐apoptotic pathway in IEN compared to DIEN, with an overexpression of apoptosis effectors TWEAK/TRAIL.ConclusionsIEN affects young people and is a severe form of EN. A large toxicologic investigation is warranted. Different pathways seem involved in IEN and DIEN, leading to the same apoptotic effect, but the primary trigger remains unknown.
Impact of the Microstructure of CAD/CAM Blocks on the Bonding Strength and the Bonded Interface
Authors: Abouelleil Hazem , Colon Pierre , Jeannin Christophe , Goujat Alexis , Attik Nina , Laforest Laurent , Gauthier Remy , Grosgogeat Brigitte 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the relationship between the microstructure of CAD/CAM blocks and the quality of adhesion as function of the surface treatment and resin cement type.Materials and methodsTwo nano‐ceramic composite resin CAD/CAM blocks, Lava Ultimate (LU) and Cerasmart (CS), and two Leucite‐reinforced glass ceramic CAD/CAM IPS blocks, Empress® CAD (EM) and InitialTM LRF (IR), received either Hydrofluoric acid (HF) or sandblasting (SB) surface treatments. The blocks were then luted using two dual‐cure resin cements, LinkForce (LF) and Multilink Automix (ML) with their corresponding silanes, resulting in 16 study groups. The luted blocks were then thermal‐cycling (TC) for 5000 cycles and subjected to a microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the treated surfaces were analyzed using ImageJ software and XRD analyses were performed for the two ceramic blocks. The data obtained were submitted to Games‐Howell post‐hoc nonparametric test to compare combinations of groups or treatments and a linear mixed‐effects model for the factors surface treatment, block type, and resin cement, together with their first‐degree interactions (α = 0.05).ResultsThe lowest mean μTBS values were obtained with LU‐HF, whereas the highest mean μTBS values were obtained with CS regardless of resin cement type and surface treatment method. IR‐HF mean μTBS were significantly higher than IR‐SB, EM‐SB, and EM‐HF. Analysis using ImageJ software demonstrated significant differences in the density and pore size after HF surface treatment.ConclusionsThe specific microstructure of each block material within the same family group impacted the micromechanical retention and the bonded interface strength.
A simple x‐ray scoring system for the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Ramachandran Priya , Savio Jayanthi , Padaki Priyadarshini , Chhabra Ruchita , Veluthat Chitra , Devaraj Uma , Venkatanarayan Kavitha , Krishnaswamy Uma M. , Ghosh Santu , D’souza George A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a severe form of post‐tuberculosis lung disease (PTBLD). Considering the high burden of TB in India, it can be concluded that the prevalence of CPA is also high. Chest x‐ray though most feasible, interpretation is subjective. Therefore, decision on evaluation for CPA cannot be based on x‐ray alone.ObjectivePresent study evaluated an x‐ray score as a marker for extent of lung damage in patients with PTBLD presenting with haemoptysis and its utility to predict Aspergillus serum IgG levels.MethodsWe used a modified scoring system developed by Anna Ralph et al X‐ray score cut‐offs of >71 and 40, with or without history of massive haemoptysis, were compared with serum IgG levels.ResultsWith a chest x‐ray score cut‐off of 71, specificity was 88%. With an x‐ray score of >71 combined with history of massive haemoptysis, 86% cases were found to be IgG positive. The specificity of this combination was 96%.ConclusionThis study concluded that a simple chest x‐ray scoring system in addition to the symptom of massive haemoptysis helped in the decision on further evaluation of the subject for CPA, especially in resource constrained settings.
Are Recoveries all the Same: GDP and TFP?*
Authors: Luo Sui , Huang Yu‐Fan , Startz Richard 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRecessions and subsequent recoveries are frequently classified as ‘L‐shaped’ or ‘U‐shaped’, with output losses in the former being permanent and losses in the latter at least partially made up by higher than average growth during the recovery. We estimate the probability of a U‐shaped recovery for postwar NBER recessions. Most earlier recessions were U‐shaped but more recent recessions have been L‐shaped. The shape of recoveries is tracked relatively well by durable consumption, investment, labour hours and employment. Posterior probabilities for the shape of recoveries for nondurable consumption and participation rate are less decisive. However, total factor productivity appears to recover rapidly after all recessions.
“Emotionscapes of geopolitics”: Interpreting in the United Nations Security Council
Authors: Jones Alun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe agency of interpreters has been kept out of view in human geography. This paper corrects this by focusing on embodied interpretation: bodies, freighted with their own relations, expectations, and experiences in the context of “emotionscapes,” settings for emotional communication. Conceptually, “emotionscapes” enable the exploration of the potentiality of an emotion in its spatial setting. Emotionally expressive behaviour is a process of the emotion; a potentiality to be realised. Emotions are distinctively connected to specific sites and spaces. This potentiality shifts the analytical focus away from what emotion is to what emotion can do to the alteration or reproduction of relations. I argue that this is vitally important to understanding geopolitical exchange, that is, how global politics is made and remade. However, the potentiality of emotions is made more complicated when interpretive bodies are involved in geopolitical exchange. They are intrinsic to the relational fluxes, currents, and flows of emotion – its potentialities – they identify and relay emotionally laden language of others for others in geopolitical communication. They observe, relay, and mutate emotional potentiality in “emotionscapes.” In doing so, they wrestle with more than just words. They seek to capture emotions and geopolitics between real‐life people in real places. Understanding their endeavour should challenge us therefore to [re]consider geopolitical exchange in “emotionscapes” and the mediatory and performative roles played by interpretive bodies in these spaces of geopolitical knowledge production. This is my key purpose in this paper. Underpinning the paper’s conceptual ideas are qualitative data on the role of interpretive bodies in realising emotional potentialities in the “emotionscape” of the UN Security Council in New York, arguably the most high‐profile geopolitical institution.