bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a refined ex vivo model of peritoneal adhesion formation, and a role for Connexin 43 in their development
Authors: Chua Jia Wang , Madden Leigh , Lim Beng Hui , Phillips Anthony , Becker David Laurence 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Despite many advances across the surgical sciences, post-surgical peritoneal adhesions still pose a considerable risk in modern-day procedures. We have developed a novel mouse peritoneal strip ex vivo adhesion model which may serve to bridge the gap between single cell culture systems and in vivo animal drug testing for the assessment of potential anti-adhesion agents, and study of causality of the process.We investigated the optimal conditions for adhesion formation with mouse peritoneal tissue strips by modifying an existing ex vivo rat model of peritoneal adhesions. We assessed the impact of the following conditions on the formation of adhesions: contact pressure, abrasions, and the presence of clotted blood.Macroscopic adhesions were detected in all mouse peritoneal strips exposed to specific conditions, namely abrasions and clotted blood, where peritoneal surfaces were kept in contact with pressure using cotton gauze in a tissue cassette. Adhesions were confirmed microscopically. Interestingly, Connexin 43, a gap junction protein, was found to be upregulated at sites of adhesions. Key features of this model were the use of padding the abraded tissue with gauze and the use of a standardised volume of clotted blood. Using this model, peritoneal strips cultured with clotted blood between abraded surfaces were found to reproducibly develop adhesion bands at 72 hours.
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001658 Inhibits Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Development by Regulating hsa-miR-181c-5p/FAS
Authors: Meng Ge-dong , Xu Baoshan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the main cause of low back pain, but its pathogenesis has not been studied clearly. Circular RNA is a type of non-coding RNA (ncRNA). In this study, we aim to study the potential role of circular RNA in the pathogenesis of IDD. Methods: We obtained microarray data (GSE116726, GSE67566) from Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially analyzed ncRNA in nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues of IDD patients. The potential circRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs regulatory network was analyzed by starBase. The effect of the interaction between hsa_circ_0001658, hsa-miR-181c-5p and FAS on the proliferation and apoptosis of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) were studied. Results:Hsa_circ_0001658 was significantly up-regulated (logFC>2.0 and adj.P.Val<0.01) in the NP tissues of IDD patients, and hsa-miR-181c-5p expression was down-regulated (logFC<-2.0 and adj.P.Val<0.01). Silencing of hsa-miR-181c-5p or overexpression of hsa_circ_0001658 inhibited the proliferation of hNPCs and promoted their apoptosis. Hsa_circ_0001658 acted as a sponge of hsa-miR-181c-5p. Hsa-miR-181c-5p down-regulated the expression of FAS, promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of hNPCs. Hsa_circ_0001658 functioned in hNPCs through targeting hsa-miR-181c-5p/FAS.Conclusion:Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001658 inhibits intervertebral disc degeneration development by regulating hsa-miR-181c-5p/FAS. It is expected to be a potential target for the therapy of IDD.
Multidisciplinary Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Severe Arterioportal Shunt: A Case Report.
Authors: luo yao-chang , lu hai-lin , song wen-ling , Xuan Fei-fei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth most lethal malignancy globally. However, most patients present in advanced stages with limited curative treatment options. Therefore, multidisciplinary treatment is often warranted. Here we report a patient with HCC combined with severe arterioportal shunt (APS) who was treated with multidisciplinary approach, comprising interventional radiology procedures, apatinib and camrelizumab. A 31-year-old man who presented to our hospital because of hematemesis caused by HCC with a severe APS. The patient underwent multidisciplinary treatment including transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, transarterial chemoembolization of arterial branches feeding the shunt and hepatic lesions and subsequent molecular target therapy combined with immunotherapy. After treatment, stable condition of intrahepatic mass and a notable decrease in the number and size of the lung lesions were observed. The patient achieved a long-time survival of more than 2 years. This data suggests that multidisciplinary treatments may be efficacious in the treatment of advanced HCC with severe APS.
Transformation of a rolling mill aggregate to a Cyber Physical Production System: from sensor retrofitting to machine learning
Authors: Ralph Benjamin James , Sorger Marcel , Hartl Karin , Schwarz Andreas , Messner Florian , Stockinger Martin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper describes the transformation of a rolling mill aggregate from a stand-alone solution to a fully integrated cyber physical production system. Within this process, already existing load cells were substituted and additional inductive and magnetic displacement sensors were applied. After calibration, those were fully integrated into a six-layer digitalization architecture at the Smart Forming Lab at the Chair of Metal Forming (Montanuniversitaet Leoben). Within this framework, two front end human machine interfaces were designed, where the first one serves as a condition monitoring system during the rolling process. The second user interface visualizes the result of a resilient machine learning algorithm, which was designed using Python and is not just able to predict and adapt the resulting rolling schedule of a defined metal sheet, but also to learn from additional rolling mill schedules carried out. This algorithm was created on the basis of a black box approach, using data from more than 1900 milling steps with varying roll gap height, sheet width and friction conditions. As a result, the developed program is able to interpolate and extrapolate between these parameters as well as different initial sheet thicknesses, serving as a digital twin for data-based recommendations on schedule changes between different rolling process steps. Furthermore, via the second user interface, it is possible to visualize the influence of this parameters on the result of the milling process. As the whole layer system runs on an internal server at the university, students and other interested parties are able to access the visualization and can therefore use the environment to deepen their knowledge within the characteristics and influence of the sheet metal rolling process as well as data science and especially fundamentals of machine learning. This algorithm also serves as a basis for further integration of materials science based data for the prediction of the influence of different materials on the rolling result. To do so, the rolled specimens were also analyzed regarding the influence of the plastic strain path on their mechanical properties, including anisotropy and materials’ strength.
Design of a New Multiplexer Structure Based on a New Fault-Tolerant Majority Gate in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata
Authors: Rahmani Yaser , Heikalabad Saeed Rasouli , Mosleh Mohammad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) technology is believed to be a good alternative to CMOS technology. This nanoscale technology can provide a platform for design and implementation of high performance and power efficient logic circuits. However, the fabrication of QCA circuits is susceptible to faults appearing in this form of missing cells, additional cells, rotated cells, and displaced cells. Over the years, several solutions have been proposed to address these problems. This paper presents a new solution for improving the fault tolerance of three input majority gate. The proposed majority gate is then used to design 2-1 multiplexer and 4-1 multiplexer. The proposed designs are implemented in QCA Designer. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements in terms of fault tolerance and area requirement.
Quantification of Site City Interaction Effects on Responses of Buildings and Basin Under Realistic Earthquake Loading for Development of Economic Smart City
Authors: Joshi Lav , Narayan J.P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the quantification of site-city-interaction (SCI) effects on the responses of buildings of a city and free field motion under realistic earthquake loading for the economic development of a smart city. The state of the art pseudo-dynamic earthquake rupture is implemented in the existing fourth-order viscoelastic staggered-grid SH-wave finite-difference program, and simulated results validated. SH-wave responses of various homogeneous and heterogeneous cities situated on horizontal sediment layer as well as in 2D heterogeneous basins are simulated and analyzed for different dynamic parameters of the buildings. The simulated SCI effects using realistic earthquake loading reveals a reduction of transfer function (TF) of buildings in a wide frequency bandwidth. This finding is conflicting with the reported splitting of bandwidth of the FoSB in the past SCI studies, carried out using simple plane incident wave-front with a single zero-phase wavelet. The obtained largest SCI effects on a building was highly dependent on the building type, city and basin heterogeneity in contrast to the general perception that it should be maximum at centre of city. It is also obtained that SCI effects are always beneficial to buildings when fundamental frequency of building on rock FoSR <1.4FoB( FoB is the fundamental frequency of basin/sediment layer). The obtained reduction of of building of city as well as free field motion due to the effects of SCI corroborates with the past SCI studies. The increase of coupling between the buildings and basin due to an increase of building density causes an increase of SCI effects on the responses of both the buildings and free field motion. The SCI effects in the case of buildings with low damping are beneficial during an earthquake. It is recommended that the smart city should be homogeneous in nature and of buildings should be less than around 1.4 times the of the underlying basin/sediment deposit and buildings should preferably be a steel one.
ANFIS Based Optimal Routing using Group Teaching and Adaptive Equilibrium Optimization based Trust Aware Routing Protocol in MANET
Authors: Hemalatha R. , Umamaheswari R , Jothi S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recently, routing is considered the main problem in MANET due to its dynamic nature. The route discovery and the optimal route selection from the multiple routes are established for the efficient routing in MANET. The major objective of this research is to select the optimal route for packet transmission in MANET. In this paper, four stages namely trust evaluation, route discovery, optmal route selection and route maintanance are elucidated. Initially, the trust evaluation is made by using ANFIS where the primary trust values are evaluated. The next stage is the route discovery scheme, in which the routes are established by Group teaching optimization algorithm (GTA). From the route discovery scheme, multiple routes are found. The optimal route for the transmission is selected with the help of the Adaptive equilibrium optimizer (AO) algorithm. Finally, the route maintenance process is established; if any of the routes fails for the broadcast it immediately selects the alternate optimal route from the multi-zone routing table for efficient packet transmission. The proposed approach is evaluated by various performance measures like throughput, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, packet loss rate, detection rate, and routing overhead. This result describes that the proposed approach outperforms other state-of-art approaches.
SUMOylation restrains ACE2 degradation through TOLLIP-mediated selective autophagy to facilitate the host susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Cui Jun , Jin Shouheng , He Xing , Ma Ling , Lin Meng , Cai Sihui , Wei Lu , Zhao Zhiyao , Wu Yaoxing , Sun Lin , Chun-Wei Li , Zhao Yong , Songyang Zhou , Peng Ke , Zhao Jincun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Alongside investigations into the virology of SARS-CoV-2, understanding the host–virus dependencies are vital for the identification and rational design of effective antiviral therapy. Here, we report the dominant SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor, ACE2, conjugates with small ubiquitin-like modifier 3 (SUMO3) through a proteome-wide protein interaction analysis. We further demonstrate that E3 SUMO ligase PIAS4 prompts the SUMOylation and stabilization of ACE2, whereas deSUMOylation enzyme SENP3 reverses this process. Conjugation of SUMO3 with ACE2 at lysine (K) 187 hampers the K48-linked ubiquitination of ACE2, thus suppressing its subsequent cargo receptor TOLLIP-dependent autophagic degradation. Pharmacological intervention of ACE2 SUMOylation blocks the entry of SARS-CoV-2 and viral infection-triggered immune responses. Collectively, our findings suggest selective autophagic degradation of ACE2 orchestrated by SUMOylation and ubiquitination can be targeted to future antiviral therapy of SARS-CoV-2.
Significant Increases in EEG Anterior-Posterior Alpha and Beta Powers By Transcranial Photobiomodulation (tPBM) in Healthy Humans With Exclusion of Thermal Effects
Authors: Wanniarachchi Hashini , Wang Xinlong , Wu Anqi , Gonzalez-Lima F. , Liu Hanli 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) of the prefrontal cortex can improve human cognition and increase electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha and beta powers, but it was unclear whether tPBM-induced heat would influence EEG oscillation powers. This study aimed to prove that tPBM-induced increases in anterior-posterior EEG powers at alpha and beta bands would be significant after removal of tPBM-associated thermal effects. We performed both sham-controlled tPBM and sham-controlled thermal stimulation (thermo_stim) experiments under the eyes-closed resting state with concurrent recordings of 64-channel EEG before, during, and after 8-min tPBM at 1064-nm wavelength and thermo_stim with temperature from 33 to 41 °C, respectively, from healthy humans (n=46 for tPBM; n=14 for thermo_stim). Sham-subtracted topographies of EEG powers at five frequency bands were averaged at the group level during and post both stimulations. Two-sample t-tests with FDR correction and effect size were calculated for comparing tPBM and thermal effects at all five frequency bands. Right-frontal tPBM induced significant increases in EEG anterior-posterior alpha and beta powers under the eyes-closed conditions, consistent with the results previously reported in the eyes-open tPBM experiments. In contrast, right-frontal thermal stimulation under the eyes-closed resting state resulted in opposite effects on EEG power patterns with respect to those by tPBM. tPBM-induced enhancement in alpha and beta oscillations occurred during the 8-min intervention after exclusion of thermal effects. The ability of tPBM to synchronize alpha and beta oscillations in the anterior-posterior regions may be linked to the enhancement of frontoparietal network and the improvement of human cognition.
ILCs, the Frontliners of Immune Defense in Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ajami Abolghasem , keykhosravi Mohsen , javadzadeh Seyed Mohammad , Tehrani Mohsen , Asgarian-omran hossein , Rashidi Mohsen , Hossein-Nataj Hadi , vahedi-Larijani Laleh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background and Objective: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been shown to play important roles in tumor immunity. We studied the frequency of three subsets of circulating ILCs in mouse models of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Two mouse models of CRC were developed; including a chemically-induced model, via administration of azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS), and an orthotopic mouse model, using the CT-26 cell line. Based on histopathological examinations, mice were divided into 3 groups of dysplasia group (consists of chemically-induced and orthotopic induced), chemically-induced reparative change group, normal. A sham group was also considered in which mice were screened for stresses that originated from interventions and injections. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to evaluate the frequencies of ILC1, ILC2, and ILC3 in the peripheral blood of all studied mice.Results: The frequency of ILC1 was significantly higher in the chemically-induced reparative change group compared to the sham and dysplasia groups. ILC2s showed higher frequencies in the dysplasia groups than the sham and chemically-induced reparative change groups. In addition, altered composition of ILCs was observed in peripheral blood of dysplastic mice skewing toward ILC3s in the dysplasia groups compared to sham and chemically-induced reparative change groups. Conclusions: A higher frequency of ILC1 in the reparative change group suggests a potentially anti-tumorigenic role. Higher ILC2s might be in favor of differentiation from the reparative change stage to the dysplasia. In addition, it seems likely that ILC3s are participating in the primary stages of CRC development.
Maternal aromatase inhibition via letrozole altered RFamide-related peptide-3 and gonadotropin releasing hormone expression in pubertal female rat
Authors: Shaaban Zahra , Tamadon Amin , Shirazi Mohammad Reza Jafarzadeh , Zamiri Mohammad Javad , Derakhshanfar Amin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Despite the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among childbearing women and the development of many animal models for this syndrome, information on its etiology is still scarce. Intrauterine hyperandrogenic environment may underlie changes at the levels of hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary organization in female offspring, and PCOS later in life. Letrozole, has been shown to mimic reproductive and metabolic characteristics of PCOS in adult rodent models. Therefore, the aim of this research was to assess the condition in a prenatal letrozole-treated rat model. Twenty-eight female rats from dams receiving letrozole at certain doses during late pregnancy were used in the trial. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 21) received letrozole treatment on days 16–18 gestation at doses 1.25, 1.0, 0.75, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/kg body weight (BW). Prenatal letrozole-treatment delayed parturition time and reduced the litter size in pregnant dams (P < 0.0001). Late puberty onset, irregular ovarian cyclicity, increased anogenital distance (AGD), body weight gain, and serum testosterone concentration and reduced estradiol levels (P < 0.0001) were observed in the female offspring of dams receiving 1.25 and 1 mg/kg BW letrozole. Furthermore, Letrozole at 1.25 and 1 mg/kg BW showed increased Rfrp and decreased Gnrh mRNA expression (P < 0.0001). Letrozole treatment at doses 1 mg/kg BW and lower was not feto-toxic. It was concluded that 1 mg/kg BW letrozole may be suggested for prenatal PCOS induction.
Understanding the Psycho-Social Context for a New Early intervention for Resistance to Change that Aims to Strike a Beneficial Balance Between Structure and Flexibility
Authors: Blackwell Siobhán , Zylberberg Alex , Scerif Gaia , Miller Sarah , Woodcock Kate A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Emotional and behavioural problems linked to changes to expectations – resistance to change – are linked to disability in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Prader-Willi (PWS) and fragile X syndromes (FXS). Structuring routines is best practice for minimising current resistance to change. But complete structure is impractical and flexibility in early life may actually reduce later resistance by supporting cognitive development. We aimed to examine the psycho-social context of families with children at risk of developing resistance to change so as to identify design requirements for an intervention that strikes a beneficial balance between structure and flexibility. Methods: Thirty-six caregivers of children aged 4-12 years (17 ASD, 15 PWS, and 4 FXS) took part in an interview designed collaboratively with 12 professional stakeholders. Results: Children need to feel like they are in control of flexibility but they also need support in choice making, understanding plans (using individually tailored visuals) and anxiety reduction. Caregivers need an accessible approach that they have full control over, and which they can tailor for their child. Caregivers also need clear guidance, education and support around structure and flexibility. Conclusions: We propose a digital approach which addresses the needs identified. It tackles the most perplexing challenge by presenting flexibility to children in the context of a game that children can feel they have full control over, whilst caregivers can maintain control in reality. Furthermore, individualised support for children and caregivers would be enabled.
Fabrication of Electro Spun Nylon6.12/Chitosan @PES Nanofibrous UF Membrane Towards Dyes Rejection From Synthetic Wastewater
Authors: Taha Eman Omar , Mubarak Mahmoud F. , Selim Hanaa , Elshypany Rania 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nanofibrous ultrafilter of nylon6.12/chitosan@Poly ether sulfone (N6.12/CS@PES) membrane were fabricated by chitosan casted PES membrane and coated with nylon6.12 thin layer using electrospinning technique for dye rejection. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Both of cationic and anionic dye rejection capability of the membrane was investigated for basic blue dye41 and alizarin red dye, respectively, as dyes were investigated with respect to solution parameters (pH, Zeta potential, pressure, dye concentration and different electrolyte) through filtration system. In addition, the effect of parameters and their possible interactions on dye rejection have been studied. An enhanced hydrophilicity and antifouling property was observed for the composite membrane as compared to pristine PES ultrafiltration membranes. The results show that the rejection of dyes increase with the decreases of operating pressure. At optimum condition of PH=7, and pressure=10 bar and concentration=220 mg/L, the rejection ratio improves from 75.3 to 99.5% and 71 to 82% for basic blue dye41 and alizarin red dye, respectively. Dye rejection are not changed after 7 cycles and not change separation efficiency of dyes. The mechanical and electrical properties were investigated for PES and N6.12 / CS@PES composite membrane. The results showed that the N6.12 / CS@PES composite membrane exhibited the highest mechanical properties and the highest dielectric constant especially at low frequencies with low dielectric loss. This study demonstrated that the developed nanofibrous composite membrane were successfully characterized and proved to be a good rejection for dyes from aqueous solutions.