bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wavelet-based multifractal analysis and fractal Signature of SARS-Cov-2 Coronavirus Variants genomes.
Authors: Ouadfeul Sid-Ali 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus variants of concern and of interest genomes are analyzed using the wavelet transform modulus maxima lines (WTMM) method. The goal is to track the monofractal behavior of the virus genomes and to investigate the Long-Range-Correlation (LRC) character through the estimation of the Hurst exponent. The obtained results demonstrate the multifractal and the anti-correlated characters in the variants of concern for the Knucleotidic and GC DNA coding. The fractal signatures of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus variants are investigated through the indicator matrix maps of the genomes, they exhibit the same patterns for the variants (Alpha, Delta) and (Eta, Lota, Kappa) with moving positions, while the variants Beta, Gamma and Epsilon have different indicator matrixes. The fractal dimensions of SARS-CoV-2 variants are oscillating aroundI, except the Epsilon variant from USA, where the fractal dimension is 1.70.
Swimming Training Modifies Stress-induced Changes in the Hippocampal Morphology and Spatial Memory in Rats
Authors: Safari Mohammad Amin , Jahromi Maryam koushkie , Aligholi Hadi , Rezaei Rasoul , zeraatpisheh Zahra , Brand Serge 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study assessed the effect of swimming training on morphology (Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), dark cells and thickness of CA1 and DG) of the hippocampus and spatial memory performance in young male rats exposed to chronic stress. Adult male wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: swimming training (ST); exposure to chronic mild stress (CS); exposure to chronic mild stress followed by swimming training (CS + ST); exposure to chronic mild stress followed by a recovery period (CS + recovery); control group with no exercise or stress intervention. Spatial memory was measured by Morris Water Maze (MWM). Results: The lowest GFAP and number of dark cells, the highest thickness of CA1, DG, and spatial memory performance were observed in the ST group. In the CS + ST group, swimming training reduced GFAP and the number of dark cells, increased thickness of CA1 and DG, and memory performance, compared to control and CS + Recovery. In the CS group, GFAP and the number of dark cells were highest and thickness of CA1 and DG were lowest among the study groups. In the CS + Recovery group, GFAP, and the number of dark cells were lower, compared to the CS group. Conclusion: swimming training could attenuate astrogliosis and the number of dark cells in both stressed and non-stressed rats and its effect on non-stressed rats was more prominent than in stressed rats. Among young male rates, swimming training could improve stress-induced spatial memory performance and hippocampal morphology.
The competitive effect of Electro-chlorination over chlorination for controlling disinfection by-product formation in phenol and aniline enriched groundwater
Authors: Mohanta Vijay Laxmi , Mishra Brijesh Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Disinfection is an essential step to keep humans healthy from microorganisms present in drinking water. However, the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) is associated with adverse health effects, and the presence of organic pollutants in groundwater results in even more detrimental effects. Therefore, a better treatment technique is required to disinfect and remove organic pollutants simultaneously to control the formation of DBPs. Electro-chlorination (EC) was carried out using graphite electrode at the current density of 0.54–1.09 mA/cm2 and sodium chloride for in-situ hypochlorite generation to treat groundwater contaminated with phenol and aniline. The comparative study between chlorination and EC showed a significant level of oxidation of phenol and aniline, resulting in their reduction up to 98.48% and 99.47%, respectively, in the EC process. Due to the higher mineralization rate of aniline, both chlorination and EC method are found to be effective. However, only the EC method is found to be appropriate and effective for treating phenol-contaminated water as the chlorination method resulted in the formation of complicated phenolic by-products. Gas-Chromatography/Mass-Spectrometry (GCMS) was used to assess the by-product formation of chlorination and EC in contaminated groundwater through the full-scan.
Healthcare Providers' Perception of Advance Care Plans for Patients with Critical Illnesses in Acute-Care Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: YAMAMOTO KANAKO 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIt is unclear how healthcare providers provide advance care plans (ACPs) support to the patients treated in ICUs. The purpose of this study is to clarify healthcare providers’ perceptions of the ACPs support provided to patients receiving critical care in acute-care hospitals.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using questionnaires. In this study, 400 acute-care hospitals with ICUs in Japan were randomly selected, and 1490 subjects, including intensivists, surgeons, ICU nurses, surgical floor nurses, and surgical outpatient nurses, participated. Survey items examined whether ICU patients received ACPS support, the participants’ degree of confidence in providing ACPS support, the patients’ treatment preferences and the decision-making process, and whether there was any discussion on and succession of values.ResultsResponses were obtained from 598 participants from 157 hospitals. Sixty-five hospitals (41.4%) reportedly supported ACPs provision to ICU patients. The subjects with the highest level of ACPs understanding were surgeons, 27 out of 59 (45.8%), and differences in understanding were observed across specialties (p < 0.001). Among the respondents, physicians and nurses expressed high levels of confidence in providing ACPs support to patients requiring critical care. However, 15.2% of all the subjects mentioned that they would not attempt to resuscitate the patients. In addition, 25.7% of the participants handed over patients’ values to other departments or hospitals, whereas 25.3% handed over the decision-making process.ConclusionsAmong the participating hospitals, 40% provided ACPs support to patients receiving critical care. This is probably because support providers lack ACPs knowledge and it is sometimes too late to start providing ACPs support after ICU admission. In addition, the perception of ACPs, widely considered an ambiguous concept, differs among healthcare providers. Finally, in acute-care hospitals with different healthcare settings, it is necessary to confirm and integrate the changes in feelings and thoughts of patients’ family members and healthcare providers.
Receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines preconception and during pregnancy and risk of self-reported spontaneous abortions, CDC v-safe COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry 2020-21
Authors: Zauche Lauren Head , Wallace Bailey , Smoots Ashley N. , Olson Christine K. , Oduyebo Titilope , Kim Shin Y. , Peterson Emily E. , Ju Jun , Beauregard Jennifer , Wilcox Allen J. , Rose Charles E. , Meaney-Delman Dana , Ellington Sascha R. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

There is continuing public concern about the safety of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy. While there is no compelling biological reason to expect that mRNA COVID-19 vaccination (either preconception or during pregnancy) presents a risk to pregnancy, data are limited. It is, however, well documented that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is associated with severe illness and increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Among recognized pregnancies in high-income countries, 11–16% end in spontaneous abortion (SAB).
Methods

People enrolled in v-safe, a voluntary smartphone-based surveillance system, who received a COVID-19 vaccine preconception or during pregnancy were contacted by telephone to enroll in the v-safe pregnancy registry. V-safe pregnancy registry participants who received at least one dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine preconception or prior to 20 weeks’ gestation and who did not report a pregnancy loss before 6 completed weeks’ gestation were included in this analysis to assess the cumulative risk of SAB using Life Table methods.
Results

Among 2,456 pregnant persons who received an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine preconception or prior to 20 weeks’ gestation, the cumulative risk of SAB from 6–19 weeks’ gestation was 14.1% (95% CI: 12.1, 16.1%). Using direct age standardization to the selected reference population, the age-standardized cumulative risk of SAB was 12.8% (95% CI: 10.8–14.8%).
Conclusions

When compared to the expected range of SABs in recognized pregnancies, these data suggest receipt of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine preconception or during pregnancy is not associated with an increased risk of SAB. These findings add to accumulating evidence that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy are safe.
W poszukiwaniu przyrodniczego, filozoficznego i teologicznego obrazu Wszechświata. Sylwetka naukowa księdza Grzegorza Bugajaka
Authors: Lemańska Anna 
Published: August 2021

W artykule przedstawiono życiorys i najważniejsze dokonania naukowe ks. dr hab. Grzegorza Bugajaka (1966-2020), prof. UKSW, związanego z Wydziałem Filozofii Chrześcijańskiej ATK/UKSW. Ks. Bugajak zostawił po sobie duży i interesujący dorobek naukowy, koncentrujący się wokół problemów z zakresu filozofii przyrody, filozofii nauk przyrodniczych i relacji między naukami przyrodniczymi a teologią. Jego prace stanowią znaczny wkład w rozwój filozofii.
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Zgłoszono: 12/08/2020. Zrecenzowano: 19/09/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 30/10/2020
Dwie możliwe interpretacje paradoksu Zenona z Elei "Korzec prosa"
Authors: Piętka Dariusz 
Published: August 2021

Przedmiotem artykułu jest paradoks Zenona z Elei Korzec prosa. Wszystkie zachowane argumenty Zenona znane są z przekazów filozofów późniejszych. Korzec prosa jest zdawkowo przedstawiony przez Arystotelesa w Fizyce oraz znajduje się w Komentarzu do „Fizyki” Arystotelesa autorstwa Simplikiosa. Obydwa fragmenty, które stanowią przedmiot rozważań, zawierają częściowo odmienną terminologię oraz występują w nich rozumowania, oparte na innych schematach wnioskowania. Celem analiz zawartych w tekście jest uzasadnienie, że fragment z Fizyki Arystotelesa może sytuować omawiany paradoks jako argument przeciw ruchowi, a nie jako argument przeciw wielości, jak przedstawia się go zazwyczaj w świetle przekazu Simplikiosa. W artykule zostały przedstawione obydwa fragmenty w języku greckim wraz z autorskimi tłumaczeniami oraz szczegółową analizą ich treści.
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Zgłoszono: 28/09/2020. Zrecenzowano: 30/10/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 18/11/2020
Znaczenie, recepcja i konsekwencje filozoficzne encykliki "Aeterni Patris" w kontekście pytania o filozofię chrześcijańską
Authors: Grzybowski Jacek 
Published: August 2021

Dziewiętnaste stulecie to jeden z najbogatszych w wydarzenia i treści okresów historii myśli ludzkiej. Jeśli popatrzymy na ten czas pod kątem wydarzeń o znaczeniu ideowym, to uzmysłowimy sobie, że symbolicznie otwiera je wielka rewolucja francuska (1789), a kończy wybuch I wojny światowej (1914). Naukowe teorie i filozoficzne przesłania, jakie zrodziły się w tym okresie – kantyzm, heglizm, materializm, marksizm, społeczny i biologiczny ewolucjonizm, pozytywizm, radykalny ateizm – wypełniły uniwersyteckie sale wykładowe, gabinety polityczne i izby parlamentów. Nie wszyscy żyjący wówczas intelektualiści zdawali sobie sprawę z przemożnej siły filozoficznych nowinek czy przełomowego znaczenia ideowych propozycji. Tylko uważny namysł nad tym, co wtedy dokonywało się w europejskiej myśli, co działo się w kulturze, nauce, historii, filozofii i religii, pozwalał zauważyć, że nadchodzą bardzo poważne zmiany. Jedną z kluczowych postaci, która dostrzegła moc filozoficznych idei, rozbrzmiewających w dyskusjach tego stulecia, był włoski duchowny Gioacchino Vincenzo Raphaelo Luigi Pecci, późniejszy papież Leon XIII. Właśnie świadomy wagi i mocy ideowych skutków nowych prądów pod koniec XIX wieku, w bardzo trudnych dla Kościoła katolickiego czasach, we wrogiej chrześcijaństwu światopoglądowej atmosferze, spowodowanej wpływem idealistycznych filozofii i fascynacją rodzącym się marksizmem, ogłosił w 1879 roku encyklikę Aeterni Patris. Papież wskazywał sposoby intelektualnego wspomagania i odbudowywania znaczenia teologii i religii w życiu społecznym, zachwianego przez nurty postoświeceniowe i modernistyczne. Leon XIII przekonywał, że jeśli misją Kościoła jest nauczanie, to jest on odpowiedzialny także za ocenę treści, jakie pojawiają się w życiu społecznym i politycznym. Narody, państwa i wspólnoty nie żyją jedynie sprawami ekonomicznymi czy bytowymi, ale przede wszystkim tym, co dokonuje się w kulturze, sztuce, filozofii. Papież proroczo dostrzegł, jak wiele zależy od filozofii. W świetle wciąż powracającego pytania o zasadność i potrzebę filozofii chrześcijańskiej warto spojrzeć retrospektywnie na znaczenie wspomnianej encykliki i zawartej w niej wizji roli filozofii w ludzkim poszukiwaniu odpowiedzi na pytania, wynikające z aktualnego postępu cywilizacyjnego, naukowego i kulturowego.
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Zgłoszono: 26/07/2020. Zrecenzowano: 18/09/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 27/10/2020
Mówienie - rozmowa - dialog - dyskusja
Authors: Krokos Jan 
Published: August 2021

Mówienie, rozmowa, dialog i dyskusja to cztery bliskoznaczne terminy i cztery fenomeny ze sobą spokrewnione. Mówienie to sensowne artykułowanie dźwięków przez podmiot osobowy i jako takie jest warunkiem pozostałych aktywności. Rozmowa jest wzajemnym mówieniem do siebie przynajmniej dwóch osób na jakiś temat. Dialog i dyskusja, będące rozmową osób, różnią się przedmiotem, celem i strukturą. Dla obu rozmowa jest fundamentem. Warunkiem dialogu i dyskusji jest wewnętrzna wolność osób, które w nich biorą udział. Głównym celem dialogu jest zapoznanie się ze stanowiskiem i poglądami jego uczestników na określony temat. Uczestnicy dialogu nie muszą posiadać równych kompetencji. Dyskusja jest dialogiem sformalizowanym, kwalifikowanym. Jej celem jest rozwiązanie jakiegoś problemu. W dyskusji musi być zatem wyraźnie określony jej przedmiot, aspekt oraz muszą zostać uzgodnione pojęcia. Dyskutanci muszą posiadać podobne kompetencje w dyskutowanych sprawach. Dyskusja posiada też swą wewnętrzną, logiczną strukturę.
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Zgłoszono: 22/09/2020. Zrecenzowano: 06/11/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 20/11/2020
Targeted Protein Degradation and Regulation with Molecular Glue:
Past and Recent Discoveries
Authors: Fang Yizheng , He Qiaojun , Cao Ji 
Published: August 2021

:
The evolution in research and clinical settings of targeted therapies has been inspired by the
progress of cancer chemotherapy to use small molecules and monoclonal antibodies for targeting specific
disease-associated genes and proteins for noninfectious chronic diseases. In addition to conventional
protein inhibition and activation strategies as drug discovery modalities, new methods of targeted
protein degradation and regulation using molecular glues have become an attractive approach for drug
discovery. Mechanistically, molecular glues trigger interactions between the proteins that originally did
not interact by forming ternary complexes as protein-protein interaction (PPI) modulators. New molecular
glues and their mechanisms of action have been actively investigated in the past decades. An
immunomodulatory imide drug, thalidomide, and its derivatives have been used in the clinic and are a
class of molecular glue that induces degradation of several neo-substrates. In this review, we summarize
the development of molecular glues and share our opinions on the identification of novel molecular
glues in an attempt to promote the concept and inspire further investigations.
Cell-adhesion Molecules as Key Mechanisms of Tumor Invasion:
The Case of Breast Cancer
Authors: Luís Carla , Soares Raquel , Fernandes Rúben , Botelho Mónica 
Published: August 2021

:
Cancer is a major health problem worldwide and the second leading cause of
death following cardiovascular diseases. Breast cancer is the leading cause of mortality
and morbidity among women and one of the most common malignant neoplasms prompt
to metastatic disease.
In the present review, the mechanisms of the major cell adhesion molecules involved in
tumor invasion are discussed, focusing on the case of breast cancer. A non-systematic
updated revision of the literature was performed in order to assemble information
regarding the expression of the adhesion cell molecules associated with metastasis.
Chromosome 9 Inversion: Pathogenic or Benign?
A Comprehensive Systematic Review of all Clinical Reports
Authors: Mohsen-Pour Neda , Talebi Taravat , Naderi Niloofar , Moghadam Maryam Hosseini , Maleki Majid , Kalayinia Samira 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Inversion of chromosome 9 (inv[9]) is known as one of the most
common structural balanced chromosomal variations. Chromosome 9 is highly
susceptible to structural rearrangements, specifically to pericentric inversions. Various
investigators have posited that inv(9) with different breakpoints could be the cause of
several abnormal conditions in individuals, whereas others have considered it a benign
variant. To our knowledge, a consensus regarding the effects of this inversion has yet to
emerge.

Objective:
This study aims to discuss the pathogenic/benign effects of inv(9) in all
possible clinical conditions detected in the occurrence of this abnormality.

Methods:
Studies on inv(9) were collected via PubMed, MalaCards, Google Scholar,
and NORD, along with the search terms of inv(9), pericentric inv(9), and chromosome 9
variants. Additionally, the incidence of inv(9) and the karyotype and clinical findings of
individuals reported with this variant were investigated.

Results:
The collection of the studies reviewed shows that inv(9) is associated with
various conditions such as congenital anomalies, growth retardation, infertility, recurrent
pregnancy loss, and cancer. The clinical features associated with this variant in humans
vary between growth stages. Further, there have been no shared clinical findings in a
specific period.

Conclusions:
Although there is no conclusive evidence for the pathogenicity of this
rearrangement, prenatal genetic counseling on inv(9) and further clinical and molecular
studies would be helpful in chromosome 9-related problems.
Design and Synthesis of Novel Ibuprofen Derivatives as Selective COX-2
Inhibitors and Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Evaluation of PGE2,
TNF-α, IL-6 and Histopathological Study
Authors: El-Nassan Hala Bakr , Halim Peter Amir , El-Dash Yara Sayed 
Published: August 2021

Background:
The reported binding mode of ibuprofen in the COX-2 binding site indicated
that the carboxylic group binds with Arg-120 and Tyr-355 at the entrance of the cyclooxygenase
channel and does not extend into the pocket. This accounted for the non-selectivity of ibuprofen.
Based on this fact, we assumed that extending the length of the carboxylic acid moiety in ibuprofen
and adding more bulky rigid groups as well as bulky groups carrying H-bonding functions might
increase the selectivity and reduce the side effects of ibuprofen while maintaining its analgesic and
anti-inflammatory activities.

Objective:
In this work, four series of ibuprofen derivatives were designed and prepared. The compounds
were designed by increasing the length of the carboxylate group along with the incorporation
of large hydrophobic groups.

Method:
Four series of ibuprofen derivatives were synthesized starting from ibuprofen. Their chemical
structure was confirmed by spectral data. All the compounds were tested for their COX inhibitory
activity.

Results :
The best COX-2 activity and selectivity were obtained with compounds 5c and 5d, which
were subjected to further in vivo testing (carrageenan-induced paw edema, rat serum PGE2, TNF- α
and IL-6, hot plate latency test) to investigate their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities as well
as their effects on the gastric mucosa. The anti-inflammatory activity of both compounds was comparable
to that of ibuprofen, diclofenac, and indomethacin. Both compounds suppressed the production
of PGE2 as well as the rat serum concentrations of both TNF-α and IL-6. This potent antiinflammatory
and analgesic behavior was not accompanied by any effect on the gastric mucosa.
Docking simulation studies of the two compounds explained the higher selectivity for the COX-2
enzyme.

Conclusion:
Potent and selective ibuprofen derivatives can be successively obtained by extending
the length of the carboxylic acid moiety in ibuprofen and adding more bulky rigid groups as well as
bulky groups with H-bonding functions.
Effects of N224 Glycosylation in Saccharomycopsis fibuligera R64
α-Amylase on Enzyme Activity and Stability
Authors: Sugijo Yovin , Rosahdi Tina Dewi , Puspasari Fernita , Ismaya Wangsa Tirta , Hasan Khomaini , Ihsanawati  , Subroto Toto , Natalia Dessy 
Published: August 2021

Background:
The amino acid sequence of an α-amylase of the yeast Saccharomycopsis fibuligera
R64 (SfamyR64) contains two putative N-linked glycosylation sites N153 and N224. N224 is hypothetically
responsible for the binding of starch substrate because it is highly conserved among SfamyR64
homologs.

Objective:
To test whether N224 plays a key role in enzyme activity and stability.

Methods:
N224Q substitution was introduced by site-directed mutagenesis. The wild type and the mutant
were independently over-produced in Pichia pastoris KM71. Activities of the wild type and of the mutant
were compared, and their thermal-stability was assessed using heat treatments. The evolutionary relationship
of SfamyR64 with its structural homologs with different glycosylation patterns was examined.

Results:
Activity of the N224Q mutant was approximately 80% lower than that of the wild type. The mutant
showed no activity after 10 min of pre-incubation at 50 °C, whereas the wild type SfamyR64 showed
activity until 30 min of treatment. Sfamy appeared to have evolved earlier than its structural homolog.

Conclusion:
SfamyR64 N224 is crucial for enzyme activity and thermal stability. This glycosylation
site is unique for fungal and bacterial α-amylases.