bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Childhood Education Learning Strategy During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fajarrini Arsyia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract As of March, the Covid-19 pandemic is still hitting Indonesia, this pandemic has a negative impact on Indonesian education, especially in the early childhood education level. The learning process, which initially turned into distance learning, is proof of the real impact of Covid-19. To achieve optimal learning objectives, different learning strategies are needed. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the implementation of early childhood learning strategies in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The subjects in this study were teachers and pupils. The data technique used interviews and observations. Meanwhile, to test the validity of the data by triangulation of techniques and sources. The application of learning strategies carried out by teachers during the Covid-19 pandemic with bold and offline learning. Bold learning using social media in the form of YouTube and WhatsApp, while offline learning involves group home visits. Offline learning to cover learning deficiencies that has several problems.

Keywords: Strategic, online, ofline
The Pioneers of Russian Computer Graphics
Authors: Карпов Л. , Волков Д. 
Published: November 2021

Любое современное приложение трудно представить без элементов компьютерной графики, и может сложиться впечатление, что так было всегда, а машинная графика — это легко и просто. Однако это не так.
Russian scientists contributed a lot to the creation of the computer graphics discipline, with their research works still influencing the development of this applied science field.
MANEJO ODONTOLÓGICO NA TERAPIA DO BRUXISMO
Authors: Cunha Deisiany Rupolo da , Sousa Germana Vieira 
Published: November 2021

O bruxismo é caracterizado pelo movimento involuntária de apertar ou ranger os dentes, sendo classificado em bruxismo do sono (ranger) e bruxismo diurno (apertar), este último sendo frequente em momentos de tensão ou estresse. Os episódios do bruxismo podem acarretar danos na articulação temporomandibular, desgastes dentários entre outros. No entanto, essas sequelas podem ser tratadas e até evitadas quando o diagnóstico é feito na fase inicial. Não existe um protocolo único para o tratamento do bruxismo; desta forma, os diferentes meios terapêuticos, devem ser diferenciadas para cada paciente. Por meio de diagnóstico do paciente, pode-se direcionar o manejo mais eficaz, no entanto, mais pesquisas devem ser realizadas para comprovação da eficácia dos mesmos. Este trabalho compõe-se de um estudo de revisão de literatura com consulta aos bancos de dados online do qual, foram incluídos 31 artigos com publicações de 1990 a 2021 com o objetivo de apresentar as principais formas terapêuticas de manejo odontológico do bruxismo.
Estimation of the vertical distribution of particle matter (PM2.5) concentration and its transport flux from lidar measurements based on machine learning algorithms
Authors: Ma Yingying , Zhu Yang , Liu Boming , Li Hui , Jin Shikuan , Zhang Yiqun , Fan Ruonan , Gong Wei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The vertical distribution of aerosol extinction
coefficient (EC) measured by lidar systems has been used to retrieve the
profile of particle matter with a diameter <2.5 µm
(PM2.5). However, the traditional linear model (LM) cannot consider the
influence of multiple meteorological variables sufficiently and then
induce the low inversion accuracy. Generally, the machine learning (ML)
algorithms can input multiple features which may provide us with a new way
to solve this constraint. In this study, the surface aerosol EC and
meteorological data from January 2014 to December 2017 were used to explore
the conversion of aerosol EC to PM2.5 concentrations. Four ML
algorithms were used to train the PM2.5 prediction models:
random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM) and extreme gradient boosting decision tree (XGB). The mean absolute error
(root mean square error) of LM, RF, KNN, SVM and XGB models were 11.66
(15.68), 5.35 (7.96), 7.95 (11.54), 6.96 (11.18) and 5.62 (8.27) µg/m3, respectively. This result shows that the RF model is the most
suitable model for PM2.5 inversions from EC and meteorological data.
Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of model input parameters was also
conducted. All these results further indicated that it is necessary to
consider the effect of meteorological variables when using EC to retrieve
PM2.5 concentrations. Finally, the diurnal and seasonal variations of
transport flux (TF) and PM2.5 profiles were analyzed based on the lidar
data. The large PM2.5 concentration occurred at approximately
13:00–17:00 local time (LT) in 0.2–0.8 km. The diurnal variations of
the TF show a clear conveyor belt at approximately 12:00–18:00 LT in
0.5–0.8 km. The results indicated that air pollutant transport over Wuhan
mainly occurs at approximately 12:00–18:00 LT in 0.5–0.8 km. The TF near
the ground usually has the highest value in winter (0.26 mg/m2 s),
followed by the autumn and summer (0.2 and 0.19 mg/m2 s, respectively),
and the lowest value in spring (0.14 mg/m2 s). These findings give us
important information on the atmospheric profile and provide us sufficient
confidence to apply lidar in the study of air quality monitoring.
Evaluation of convective boundary layer height estimates using radars operating at different frequency bands
Authors: Franck Anna , Moisseev Dmitri , Vakkari Ville , Leskinen Matti , Lampilahti Janne , Kerminen Veli-Matti , O'Connor Ewan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Knowledge of the atmospheric boundary layer state and evolution is important for understanding air pollution and low-level cloud development, among other things. There are a number of instruments and methods that are currently used to estimate boundary layer height (BLH). However, no single instrument is capable of providing BLH measurements in all weather conditions. We proposed a method to derive a daytime convective BLH using clear air echoes in radar observations and investigated the consistency of these retrievals between different radar frequencies. We utilized data from three vertically pointing radars that are available at the SMEAR II station in Finland, i.e. the C band (5 GHz), Ka band (35 GHz) and W band (94 GHz). The Ka- or W-band cloud radars are an integral part of cloud profiling stations of pan-European Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure (ACTRIS). Our method will be utilized at ACTRIS stations to serve as an additional estimate of the BLH during summer months. During this period, insects and Bragg scatter are often responsible for clear air echoes recorded by weather and cloud radars. To retrieve a BLH, we suggested a mechanism to separate passive and independently flying insects that works for all analysed frequency bands. At the lower frequency (the C band) insect scattering has been separated from Bragg scattering using a combination of the radar reflectivity factor and linear depolarization ratio. Retrieved values of the BLH from all radars are in a good agreement when compared to the BLH obtained with the co-located HALO Doppler lidar and ERA5 reanalysis data set. Our method showed some underestimation of the BLH after nighttime heavy precipitation yet demonstrated a potential to serve as a reliable method to obtain a BLH during clear-sky days. Additionally, the entrainment zone was observed by the C-band radar above the CBL in the form of a Bragg scatter layer. Aircraft observations of vertical profiles of potential temperature and water vapour concentration, collected in the vicinity of the radar, demonstrated some agreement with the Bragg scatter layer.
Online learning during COVID-19 pandemic: Problems faced by midwifery students of STIK Bina Husada Palembang and suggestions to enhance effectiveness
Authors: Agus Wahyudi  
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 or widely known as Corona Virus Disease 2019 influences the teaching and learning process in the world. Due to prevent the spread of the virus, the Ministry of Education and Culture ask the teachers to teach the students using online learning. Therefore, the aim of this study is to find out the problems faced by the midwifery students of STIK Bina Husada Palembang and suggestions to enhance effectiveness of online learning. The descriptive research was applied. There were 35 students involved in this research, namely Midwifery students of STIK Bina Husada Palembang in the academic year of 2020/2021. The data were collected using questionnaire and were analyzed qualitatively with interactive model, covering data collection, data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. Having implemented the online learning during Covid-19 Pandemic, the students, parents, and the teachers got problems of online learning. The problems can be overcome by implementing some suggestions mentioned in this research.
Effect of Heat Stress for Agro-Economic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes
Authors: Jatoi Wajid Ali , Abbasi Abdul Basit , Memon Shahnaz , Rind Raza Ali , Abbasi Zulifquar Ali 
Published: November 2021

In the scenario of increasing global warming, heat stress received more importance. Un- fortunately, Pakistan is also in the line of most heat affected countries of the world. In this regard, wheat being a most important staple edible crop of Pakistan is highly affected by heat stress. For combating this situation, a study was carried-out on ten bread wheat genotypes viz. Moomal, Mehran, Imdad-05, Anmol- 91, Benazir, TJ-83, SKD-1, TD-1, Abadgar and Hamal at the Experimental Field, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. The experiment was laid-out in a randomized complete block design (factorial arrangement) with three replications during Rabi season, 2016-17 in order to assess the response of wheat genotypes to terminal heat stress tolerance. Wheat genotypes were evaluated in two sowing dates viz., on 24th November as a normal planting and late planting on 31th December, 2016 considered as heat stress condition. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes under both sowing dates indicating suitability of the experiment to improve bread wheat genotypes for heat tolerance. Reductions in various traits were observed in late planting which indicated visible effects of heat stress on agro-economic traits. On an average plant height (cm), tillers/plant, spike length (cm), spikelets/spike, grains/spike, 1000-grain weight (g) and grain yield/plant (g) were declined by -4.63, -2.49, -3.04, -4.35, -16.29, -14.08 and -9.09 units respectively under the heat stress conditions, while the wheat genotypes like TJ-83, SKD-1 and Mehran showed minimum reductions under heat stress conditions for various traits suggesting their heat tolerance, nonetheless cultivars Moomal and Benazir expressed maximum declines under heat stress expressing their susceptibility to heat stress conditions. The remaining genotypes were found as moderately heat stress tolerant.
Métodos no térmicos para la conservación de carne fresca y productos cárnicos
Authors: García-Galicia Iván Adrián , Díaz-Almanza Sergio , Alarcón-Rojo Alma Delia 
Published: November 2021

La búsqueda por una mejor conservación de la carne y sus productos es una constante dentro de la industria alimentaria. Dentro de los procesos de conservación, la descontaminación de microorganismos es el área en la que más se enfoca la investigación, el desarrollo y la innovación de metodologías, ya sea por un beneficio al producto alimenticio durante su almacenamiento, procesamiento o vida de anaquel, o por una reducción a problemas de salud en el consumidor. Existe una gran variedad de metodologías de conservación que se han desarrollado. Desafortunadamente, la mayoría de ellas conllevan alteraciones estructurales, nutricionales o sensoriales indeseables, sobre todo aquellas que implican alteraciones en la temperatura de la carne o sus productos. En años recientes se ha puesto especial atención a metodologías de conservación no térmicas (Irradiación, luz ultravioleta, ultrasonido, campo de pulsos eléctricos, altas presiones hidrostáticas, antimicrobianos naturales y tecnología Hurdle), considerando a estas como una alternativa excelente, dado que no afectan la calidad del alimento. Este documento es una revisión de las metodologías no térmicas de procesamiento comúnmente aplicadas a productos cárnicos, las nuevas tendencias, así como la combinación de varias tecnologías para su implementación en el futuro.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v15i2.829
The calculation of maximum elevation due to storm surge by using joint probability method
Authors: XIUQIN WANG , JINGYONG WANG 
Published: November 2021

In the present paper the maximum storm surge elevations with certain return years were calculated by using a joint probability method. Based on the analyses of the typhoons which, affected coastal zone of Guangdong Province in history, a group of model typhoons was established. A number of parameters, which described the typhoons, were selected. The data of each parameter I was graded into a few sub-groups according to their values, and this was done in accordance with the historical observations. The probability of each value of the parameters was calculated based on the historical records. The probability of a typhoon with a group of values of parameters could be calculated. Simulation results of the storm surges caused by the above model typhoons with their probabilities were analysed statistically. Thus an accumulated probability curve and maximum elevations with certain return years were obtained.
A number of spots was selected. At some of the spots there are tidal stations and at the others there are none. The maximum elevations with certain return years at the spots were calculated and the results were found satisfactory. By using this method all the meteorological and hydrological data, which were available, can be fully utilized. This method is most suitable for calculating the maximum elevations at a place where there is no tidal station or at many places simultaneously.
Indwelling Pleural Catheters
Authors: Sivagnaname Yuvarajan , Krishnamurthy Durga , Radhakrishnan Praveen , Maria Selvam Antonious 
Published: November 2021

Indwelling pleural catheters (IPC) are now being considered worldwide for patients with recurrent pleural effusions. It is commonly used for patients with malignant pleural effusions (MPE) and can be performed as outpatient based day care procedure. In malignant pleural effusions, indwelling catheters are particularly useful in patients with trapped lung or failed pleurodesis. Patients and care givers are advised to drain at least 3 times a week or in presence of symptoms i.e. dyspnoea. Normal drainage timing may lasts for 15–20 min which subsequently improves their symptoms and quality of life. Complications which are directly related to IPC insertion are extremely rare. IPC’s are being recently used even for benign effusions in case hepatic hydrothorax and in patients with CKD related pleural effusions. Removal of IPC is often not required in most of the patients. It can be performed safely as a day care procedure with consistently lower rates of complications, reduced inpatient stay. They are relatively easy to insert, manage and remove, and provide the ability to empower patients in both the decisions regarding their treatment and the management of their disease itself.
OAM Modes in Optical Fibers for Next Generation Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) Systems
Authors: Rjeb Alaaeddine , Fathallah Habib , Machhout Mohsen 
Published: November 2021

Due to the renewed demand on data bandwidth imposed by the upcoming capacity crunch, optical communication (research and industry) community has oriented their effort to space division multiplexing (SDM) and particularly to mode division multiplexing (MDM). This is based on separate/independent and orthogonal spatial modes of optical fiber as data carriers along optical fiber. Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) is one of the variants of MDM that showed promising features including the efficient enhancement of capacity transmission from Tbit to Pbit and substantial improvement of spectral efficiency up to hundreds (bs-1 Hz-1). In this chapter, we review the potentials of harnessing SDM as a promising solution for next generation global communications systems. We focus on different SDM approaches and we address specifically the MDM (different modes in optical fiber). Finally, we highlight the recent main works and achievements that have been conducted (in last decade) in OAM-MDM over optical fibers. We focus on main R&D activities incorporating specialty fibers that have been proposed, designed and demonstrating in order to handle appropriates OAM modes.
Optical Inhouse Networks
Authors: H.P. Fischer Ulrich , Haupt Matthias , Kußmann Peter 
Published: November 2021

Optical fiber networks are currently the standard for delivering high bandwidth to customers. Various access technologies to business networks with a very high bandwidth up to access networks for buildings and individual consumers have emerged. In the area of business networks, bandwidths of 10 Gb/s have become established, while in the area of customer bandwidths of 100 Mb/s to 1 Gb/s are used. This chapter will focus on the optical network connections inside buildings. The use of optical glass fibers or/and polymeric optical fibers in different network topologies in connection to high-speed actual WIFI- technologies will be discussed.
Sobre la relación entre investigación e intervención en Trabajo Social
Authors: Scarpino Pascual , Bertona Lucía 
Published: November 2021

Los procesos de creciente producción de desigualdades a escala global nos permiten reafirmar que Trabajo Social puede contribuir con la transformación de las mismas, en tanto produzca intervenciones profesionales que no escindan la dimensión teórica de la práctica, ni el saber del hacer. En este marco, proponemos una revisión bibliográfica actualizada sobre el histórico y conflictivo vínculo entre intervención social e investigación científica en Trabajo Social. Tomando las propuestas de un conjunto de diversxs autorxs, presentamos un Estado de la Cuestión donde toda la producción recabada sobre el tema, es presentada de manera agrupada en función de tres ejes: el primero de ellos refiere a las producciones que se centran principalmente en la elaboración diagnóstica sobre la relación histórica entre investigación e intervención disciplinar; el segundo, retoma aquellas producciones que proponen definiciones sobre las relaciones actuales entre ambas dimensiones; el tercer eje aborda producciones que ponen su acento en la investigación, poniendo de relieve la singularidad de la investigación científica desde Trabajo Social, elaborando propuestas alternativas para su consolidación. Finalmente, el presente artículo concluye recuperando los aspectos principales que emergieron durante el estudio de la literatura mencionada, y se propone una serie de reflexiones que nos permitan imaginar un quehacer-saber disciplinar otro.
The processes of increasing production of inequalities on a global scale allow us to reaffirm that Social Work can contribute to their transformation, as long as it produces professional interventions that do not separate the theoretical dimension from practice, nor knowledge from doing. Within this framework, we propose an updated bibliographical review of the historical and conflictive link between social intervention and scientific research in Social Work. Taking the proposals of a set of diverse authors, we present a State of the Question where all the production collected on the subject is presented grouped according to three axes: the first refers to the productions that focus mainly on the diagnostic elaboration on the historical relationship between research and disciplinary intervention; the second, takes up those productions that propose definitions on the current relationship between both dimensions; the third axis addresses productions that emphasize research, highlighting the uniqueness of scientific research from Social Work, elaborating alternative proposals for its consolidation. Finally, this article concludes by recovering the main aspects that emerged during the study of the aforementioned literature, and proposes a series of reflections that allow us to imagine a different disciplinary task-knowledge.
Los proyectos de intervención sociolaboral como mecanismos de inserción laboral. Análisis del caso del “Vallet”
Authors: Cano Cabrera Yolanda , Matos-Silveira Rosana 
Published: November 2021

El barrio del “Vallet” es un barrio obrero fruto de la industrialización del municipio de Puçol, en los años 60, concretamente surge de las viviendas construidas para los trabajadores de la fábrica italiana de calentadores Cointra y que comenzó su declive durante la crisis económica española del año 2008 hasta cerrar sus puertas en el 2012.
En la actualidad, en el barrio existen altas tasas de desempleo que provocan un aumento del nivel de pobreza, además, durante estos años ha habido un considerable aumento de la población inmigrante. Todo ello, ha influido en la decisión de Ajuntament de Puçol de implementar un proyecto denominado “Vallet, un barri responsable i solidari”, cofinanciado por el Fondo Social Europeo y la Consellería d´Igualtat i Polítiques Inclusives de la Generalitat Valenciana.
La finalidad del proyecto es aumentar la inserción sociolaboral de la población desempleada del barrio, a través de la implementación de itinerarios sociolaborales con el objetivo de mejorar el bienestar social y la calidad de vida de la comunidad, realizar acciones de concienciación en materia de inmigración, contribuir al desarrollo personal, a través de la participación social e intentar disminuir las desigualdades sociales.
En este estudio, a través de un trabajo etnográfico, analizamos el proyecto de intervención implementado en el año 2019 y 2020 durante la pandemia provocada por la COVID-19, cuando las personas en situación de vulnerabilidad han sido las más afectadas.

The “Vallet” neighborhood is a working-class neighborhood as a result of the industrialization of the municipality of Puçol, in the 60s, specifically it arises from the houses built for the workers of the Italian heater factory Cointra and that began its decline during the Spanish economic crisis from 2008 until closing its doors in 2012.
Currently, in the neighborhood there are high unemployment rates that cause an increase in the level of poverty, in addition, during these years there has been a considerable increase in the immigrant population. All of this has influenced the decision of the Puçol Town Council to implement a project called "Vallet, a responsible and supportive neighborhood", co-financed by the European Social Fund and the Consellería d'Igualtat i Polítiques Inclusives of the Generalitat Valenciana.
The purpose of the project is to increase the socio-labor insertion of the unemployed population of the neighborhood, through the implementation of socio-labor itineraries with the aim of improving the social well-being and quality of life of the community, carry out awareness actions on immigration matters, contribute to personal development, through social participation and try to reduce social inequalities.
In this study, through an ethnographic work, we analyze the intervention project implemented in 2019 and 2020, during the pandemic caused by COVID-19, where vulnerable people have been the most affected.