bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Style and Stylistics
Authors: Mustafa Hero Abdulrahman , Mustafa Idrees Abdulla 
Published: December 2021

Style and stylistics are two critical terms, that they exceed Kurdish modern criticism in the spread of researching modern critical literature of people and modern Kurdish literature. Style is a wide range of using language, stylistics is a researchable science and it is the detail of the styles.
Modern linguistics that (Bale) invented, paves the way for the emergence of this modern science for studying style, how modern linguistics studies (speech) and likewise stylistics studies styles of speech. This research sheds light on these two terms.
Corporate Social Responsibility of Islamic Banks: CSR website visibility, CSR initiatives, CSR strategy
Authors: Khan Tahreem Noor 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been widely known in the Islamic banking sector yet there is criticism and lack of trust which exists among stakeholdersDesign/Method/Approach: To reduce negative concern and to fill the gap in the literature, this research reinforces the integration of ethical and moral principles in the banking business.Findings: One of the integral and core elements of Islamic economics is ‘falah’; which focuses on wellness and the concept of reward in this world and hereafterOriginality/Values: To fulfil the needs of the ethical aspect of Islamic banks which leads to ‘falah’, this research has extracted the underlying theoretical issues of Islamic bank Corporate Social Responsibility (web visibility, initiatives, strategy). This research also determines the extent of CSR visibility in twelve leading Islamic banks’ corporate websites.
The Optimalization of Zakah Distribution During Covid-19 Pandemic Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Method at Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Indonesia
Authors: Maytesa Yosi , Ilhamiwati Mega 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess the level of optimality of zakat institutions to deal with the economic crisis during the Covid-19 pandemic.Design/Method/Approach: In this research, the measurement of efficiency of zakat distribution during the Covid-19 pandemic at badan amil zakat nasional (BAZNAS) has been carried out using data envelopment analysis (DEA) method.Findings: The result is the mean of zakah distribution relative efficiency are 70 %. Finally, some suggestion for evaluating the distribution of zakat in the future has been discussed. Originality/Values: The contribution of this research is to obtain the efficiency value of zakat distribution during the Covid-19 pandemic. So that with the result, the management of zakat distribution at BAZNAZ can improved and evaluated.
Mathematical Analysis of Magnetized Rotating Nanofluid Flow Over nonlinear shrinking surface: Duality and Stability
Authors: Dero Dr Sumera , Talpur Ghulam Hyder , Ghoto Abbas Ali , Ali Shokat 
Published: December 2021

In this study, the MHD effect on boundary layer rotating flow of a nanofluid is investigated for the multiple branches case. The main focus of current research is to examine flow characteristics on a nonlinear permeable shrinking sheet. Moreover, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) of the problem considered are reduced into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the appropriate similarity transformation. Numerical results based on the plotted graphs are gotten by solving ODEs with help of the three-stage Labatto IIIA method in bvp4c solver in MATLAB. To confirm numerical outcomes, current results are compared with previously available outcomes and found in good agreement. Skin friction coefficients, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers, velocity profiles, temperature profiles, and concentration profiles are examined. The results show that dual (no) branches exist in certain ranges of the suction parameter i.e., SSc (SSc). Further, profiles of velocity decrease for rising values of Hartmann number in the upper branch, while reverse trend has been noticed in a lower branch. Profiles of temperature and concentration enhance for the increasing values of thermophoresis in both branches. stability analysis of the branches is also done and noticed that upper branch is a stable branch from both branches. Finally, it is noted that the stable branch has symmetrical behavior with regard to the parameter of rotation.
INTERPRETASI HADIS: ANTARA HERMENEUTIKA DAN SYARH AL-HADITS (STUDI KOMPARATIF)
Authors: Syarifudin Muhammad , Masruhan Masruhan 
Published: December 2021

This article attempts to analyze the syarh al-hadith method of classical and contemporary scholars and the hermeneutic method of Islamic scholars in explaining (interpreting) the Prophet's hadith. Because most scholars who write about the interpretation of hadith with a hermeneutics approach, instead use references in classical hadith syarh. Therefore, the author wants to examine the relevance of hermeneutical methods or theories in the study of syarh al-hadith. Is hermeneutics appropriate to be applied as a single foundation in the interpretation of hadith or is it only a complement to the syarh al-hadith? This article concludes after trying to compare the interpretations of the hadith commanding to fight humans until they say there is no god but Allah using the two approaches or methods above, and it turns out that both can go hand in hand and complement each other. Moreover, the hermeneutics approach is more about the meaning of the context of the hadith at the beginning of its emergence to the present, which requires an understanding of the meaning of the hadith according to its originator at the time of the background of the hadith (asbab wurud) and the history of this can be known through the syarah hadith method, especially, syarah hadith with other narrations or through the words of friends who lived contemporaries with the Prophet (originator). Besides that, the study of the original language of the text is also used as a reference in this case, which is part of the syarah of hadith as well.

Artikel ini mencoba menganalisis metode syarah hadis ulama klasik dan kontemporer dan metode hermeneutika cendekiawan Islam dalam menjelaskan (menginterpretasi) hadis Nabi. Karena, kebanyakan cendekiawan yang menulis mengenai interpretasi hadis dengan pendekatan hermeneutika, justru menggunakan rujukan dalam syarah hadis klasik. Oleh karena itu, penulis ingin meneliti relevansi metode atau teori hermeneutika dalam kajian syarh al-hadits. Apakah hermeneutika layak diterapkan sebagai pondasi tunggal dalam interpretasi hadis ataukah hanya menjadi pelengkap syarh al-hadits? Artikel ini mengambil kesimpulan setelah mencoba membandingkan penafsiran terhadap hadis perintah memerangi manusia sampai mereka mengucapkan tiada Tuhan selain Allah dengan menggunakan dua pendekatan atau metode di atas. Ternyata keduanya bisa berjalan beriringan dan saling melengkapi. Terlebih pendekatan hermeneutika lebih kepada pemaknaan konteks hadis di awal munculnya ke masa kini, yang mana hal itu memerlukan pemahaman akan makna hadis menurut pencetusnya di masa lahirnya hadis (asbab wurud) tersebut dan histori mengenai hal ini dapat diketahui melalui metode syarah hadis. Terutama syarah hadis dengan riwayat lainnya atau melalui perkataan Sahabat yang hidup sezaman dengan Nabi (pencetus). Di samping itu kajian bahasa asli teks juga dijadikan rujukan dalam hal ini, yang merupakan bagian dari syarah hadis juga.
Fractional Flow Reserve in Choosing the Tactics of Interventional Treatment of Multilevel Coronary Artery Lesions
Authors: Gavrylyshyn Andrii Yu. , Salo Sergii V. , Levchyshyna Olena V. , Logutov Andrii K. , Lazoryshynets Vasyl V. 
Published: December 2021

When choosing tactics for the treatment of patients with stable coronary artery disease, invasive coronary angiography remains the gold standard for diagnosis and is a crucial method in choosing tactics and volume of revascularization. However, in the presence of borderline (>50-70%), multilevel lesions of the coronary artery, there is a need for additional assessment of the physiological significance of each stenosis.
The aim. To develop an algorithm to optimize the use of fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement in interventional treatment of borderline (>50-70%), multilevel lesions of coronary arteries, to show the safety of “functional revascula­ rization” in comparison with traditional angiography.
Materials and methods. The study included 32 patients who were treated at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery in the period from 2017 to 2021 (the vast majority were men – 25 patients (67%) and 7 (33%) women) aged 60.3±8.3 years who had >50-75% multilevel lesions of one of the main coronary arteries according to selective invasive coronary angiography. The patients were divided into two groups: 1) Angiographic group (n = 17, 53%), where the volume and tactics of revascularization were determined only by angiography (maximum complete anatomical revascularization); 2) Functional group (n=15, 47%) (combination of angiography data and FFR measurement, the so-called “functional revascularization”).
Conclusions. An effective and safe algorithm for measuring FFR in multilevel lesions (reducing the number of implanted stents) is shown.
THE LECTURER-STUDENT CONVERSATIONAL STRUCTURE IN PRAGMATICS LEARNING INTERACTION
Authors: Ningrum Diah Widya , Santoso Didik 
Published: December 2021

This study aims to describe the structure of the lecturer-student conversation in the interaction of Pragmatics Class. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The technique of data collection is done by recording and note-taking techniques. The data analysis technique is carried out by heuristic techniques. The results of the study show that the interaction of the lecturer and the students in Pragmatics Class have conversational structures: 1) turn taking of speech that occurs because of the opportunity to speak, 2) pauses (long and short) that occur due to the absence of feedback in the form of speech and speakers feel hesitant in conveying the message. 3) Overlaps that occur due to speech or the use of the same lingual element, 4) backchannels that occur because there is understanding and acceptance or approval of the speech, and 5) adjunct pairs that occur because of greetings, questions, and requests. This indicates that the process of the lecturer-students interaction runs well. The students feel enthusiastic for responding the lecturer’s questions.
FUNCTIONAL DELAYED ECHOLALIA: INSIGHTS FROM A MOVIE
Authors: Humaira Qonitah Nuri , Sudarwati Emy 
Published: December 2021

This study focuses on the analysis of functional delayed echolalia towards an autistic individual in Life, Animated documentary. The obtained data were derived from Owen Suskind's utterances and words in the aforementioned documentary, which the researchers manipulated and structured to fall into two categories of functional delayed echolalia. The study used qualitative descriptive method in analyzing the functional delayed echolalia of Owen Suskind using interactive and non-interactive functional categories of delayed echolalia theory proposed by Vicker (1999). The findings show that there are 8 (eight) out of 9 (nine) types of interactive delayed echolalia were discovered namely Turn taking, Verbal, Completion, Providing information, Labelling, Protest, Request, Calling and Affirmation. Meanwhile, the non- interactive delayed echolalia consists of three types namely non-focused, situation association, and rehearsal. The findings of this study are expected to give a positive impact on both readers who are dealing with children with autism who have echolalia. It will provide information on their language development in order to later determine the ideal method to handle them with care.
Antiokheia: Depremlerin Gölgesindeki Kent (6. yüzyıl)
Authors: BAKIR Mevlüde 
Published: December 2021

M.Ö. 4. yüzyılda Makedonyalı I. Seleukos Nikator (vefat M.Ö. 281/280) tarafından kurulan Antiokheia kenti, tarihi boyunca depremler ağırlıklı olarak doğal afetlere maruz kalmıştır. Ancak, özellikle 6. yüzyılda açlık, veba, kuraklık ve yangın gibi doğal afetlerin yanı sıra, Pers akınlarıyla da savaşan kent art arda büyük tahribat görmüştür. Başkent Konstantinopolis’ten sonra, kentin Araplarca istilasına kadar imparatorluğun en önemli kentlerinden biri olan Antiokheia’nın kaderinin belirlenmesinde 6. yüzyılda yaşadığı felaketler etken olmuştur. 6. yüzyılda geçirdiği tam on iki deprem kentte toparlanmasının uzun zaman alacağı hasarlar bırakmıştır. Bir zamanlar Roma, Konstantinopolis ve İskenderiye’den sonra antik dünyanın dördüncü büyük kenti sayılan Antiokheia’yı, 526 ve 528 depremleri neredeyse yerle bir etmiştir. Yaşadığı depremlerle büyük bir azimle savaşan kentte, 525’te meydana gelen yangın, 540’ta Perslerin kenti işgal etmeleri, 542’deki veba salgını ve bunları takip eden felaketler zinciri maalesef çöküş sürecinin önüne geçememiştir. İmparatorluk idaresinin Antiokheia halkının yaşanılan doğal afetlerin ve özellikle depremlerin olumsuz etkilerinden bir an evvel kurtulması adına verdiği maddi ve manevi destekler kaynaklarda yankı bulmaktadır. İmparatorlarını yanlarında hissetmeleri kuşkusuz Antiokheialıların deprem ve diğer afetlerin olumsuz etkilerine direnç göstermelerini kolaylaştırmıştır. Bu direnç belki de kurulduğu günden beri kentte yaşamın kesintisiz olarak devam etmesini sağlayan en önemli etkenlerden biri olmuştur.
Depremler ağırlıklı olmak üzere doğal afetlere yönelik Bizans ana kaynaklarının verdiği bilgiler daha çok başkent odaklı olsa da devamlı yaşanılan depremler, Antiokheialı kroniker ve tarihçilerin dikkatini çekmiştir. Kimi zaman birebir yaşanılan deneyimler kimi zaman da yıllar sonra yazılan metinler, okuyucuya özellikle depremlerle ilgili kısıtlı, ama önemli veriler sunmaktadır.
Üretim Süreçleri ve Atık Bakımından Ayakkabı Sektörünün Çevreye Etkisi ve Geri Dönüşüm Uygulamaları
Authors: IMRE Havva Meryem 
Published: December 2021

Yeni endüstri çağında bir ürünün yaşam döngüsü çevresel bir sorun olarak ele alınmaktadır. Ayakkabı gibi farklı parçaların birleşmesi ile oluşan ürünlerin çevreye etkileri, kullanılan malzemelerin özelliklerine göre değişmektedir. Ayakkabının üretim aşamasında ve kullanımından sonra oluşan atığının bertaraf edilmesi ve üretim süreçlerinin iyileştirilmesi çalışmalarının hızlandırılması gerekmektedir. Ayakkabının yeniden kullanımı, geri dönüşüm faaliyetleri ile birlikte biyolojik parçalanabilen malzemelerin geliştirilmesi önem oluşturmaktadır. Yaşam döngüsünü tamamlamış olan ayakkabının atık olarak çevreye vereceği zararı üretim aşamasında kontrol edebilmek, sürdürülebilir malzemeler ve geri dönüşüm uygulamaları ayakkabı endüstrisi için önemli bir konudur.
Bu çalışmada ayakkabı üretimi sırasında ve kullanım sonrasında oluşan atık malzemelerinin özellikleri, çevre üzerindeki olumsuz etkiler araştırılmış ve bilgiler bir araya getirilerek, geri dönüşüm çalışmalarından örnekler verilmiştir. Yöntem olarak literatür araştırması ve basılı kaynak taraması yapılarak ayakkabı üretim süreçlerinin, malzemelerinin ve atıkların iyileştirmesi konusunda çalışmalar ve örneklerden bazıları incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın ayakkabı endüstrisinin üretiminde kullanılan malzemelerin çevreye verdiği zarar, iyileştirme ve geri dönüşüm çalışmaları hakkında farkındalık yaratabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Uygarlık Tarihinde Hitit Uygarlığının ve Kadeş Antlaşmasının Yeri
Authors: AYDOĞAN Sevim 
Published: December 2021

Özet
Hitit Uygarlığı, MÖ 1750-1190/1180 arasında Anadolu’ya hâkim olmuş ve büyük devlet statüsüne ulaşmış önemli bir uygarlıktır. Hitit Uygarlığı siyasi anlamda gücünü elde etmesi ve Anadolu’da etki sahasını arttırması ile ekonomik, sosyal, dini, diplomatik, hukuksal ve askeri alanlarda da etkisini ve farklılıklarını göstermiştir. Bu etki ve farklılıklar hem Anadolu’da Hititlerden sonra kurulan devletler için öncü olmuştur hem de Hitit Devleti’ni tarihte önemli bir konuma getirmiştir. Özellikle dönemin diğer büyük devleti olan Mısır Devleti ile yapılan Kadeş Savaşı hem askeri teknik ve stratejileri hem de yarattığı sonuçlar ile tarihte mühim bir yere sahiptir. Kadeş Savaşının önemli sonuçları arasında ise savaştan yıllar sonra iki büyük güç arasındaki gerginliği ve rekabeti bitiren aynı zamanda da tarihte iki büyük devlet arasında yapılan ilk antlaşma olarak bilinen kimilerine göre Kadeş Antlaşması kimilerine göre Hitit-Mısır Ebedi Barış Antlaşması olarak nitelendirilen önemli bir antlaşma vardır. Bu barış antlaşması iki büyük güç arasında var olan rekabeti bitirip yerine sonsuz barış, kardeşlik ve saldırmazlığı yaratması açısından hem uluslararası ilişkiler hem de uygarlık tarihi açısından oldukça önemlidir.
ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ КОРОЗІЙНОГО РОЗТРІСКУВАННЯ ТРУБНОЇ СТАЛІ 10Г2ФБ У МОДЕЛЬНОМУ ГРУНТОВОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ ЗА КАТОДНОЇ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦІЇ
Authors: NYRKOVA LYUDMILA , LISOVYI PAVLO , GONCHARENKO LARYSA , OSADCHUK SVETLANA , KLYMENKO ANATOLIY , BORYSENKO YULIYA , BRATOCHKIN OLEG 
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Investigate the regularities of corrosion cracking of 10G2FB steel under cathodic protection.Methodology. The following methods were used: slow strain rate, scanning electron microscopy, electrolytic hydrogenation, mass measurement.Results. The regularities of corrosion cracking of pipe steel 10G2FB in near neutral soil environment NS4 in the range of potentials from the corrosion potential to -1.2 V were investigated. According to the results of a complex of corrosion-mechanical, electrochemical and physical studies, it was found that with a shift in the cathodic polarization potential in the range of -0,75 V ® -0,95 V ® -1,05 V ® -1,2 V ® -0.95 V the coefficient of susceptibility of this steel to stress corrosion cracking KS increases correspondingly, 1,09 ® 1,11 ® 1,13 ® 1,26. The concentration of hydrogen which penetrating into steel at these potentials changes nonmonotonically: 0 ® 0 ® 0,057 ® 0,018 mol/dm3. The rate of residual corrosion with a potential shift in the series Еcor ® -0,75 V ® -0,95 V ® -1,05 V decreases first sharply, then slowly: 0.035 mm/year ® 0.005 mm/year ® 0.0009 mm/year ® 0.0004 mm/year, i.e. at high cathodic potentials, the applied polarization is spent on the decomposition of the aqueous electrolyte with the release of hydrogen, which penetrates into the steel and causes brittle cracking, which is confirmed by an increasing in the part of brittle fracture in the surface morphology of the specimens.Scientific originality. New results of fundamental research concerning the regularities of stress-corrosion cracking of ferrite-pearlite class steel of pipe assortment 10G2FB under conditions of cathodic protection in the range of potentials from the corrosion potential to -1.2 V have been obtained. It was revealed that a feature of the effect of cathodic polarization in the indicated range of potentials when assessing the tendency to stress corrosion cracking by the KS coefficient is an increasing in the relative narrowing and a decrease in the relative elongation, which generally indicates the embrittlement of the metal under the contact with corrosive medium and potential. Strength characteristics remain almost the same. The greatest tendency to stress-corrosion cracking is observed at a polarization potential of -1.0 V or more negative.Practical value. The developed methodology for a complex study of the regularities of stress- corrosion cracking was used for study of 10G2FB steel of the pipe assortment in a model soil environment NS4 under conditions simulating operating conditions. The new data obtained on the regularities of stress-corrosion cracking of steel will be useful for preventing the stress-corrosion cracking of main gas pipelines during operation.
Hospitales de campaña en contextos de pandemia de la COVID-19. El caso de la ciudad de Corrientes
Authors: Gómez Gustavo Javier , Ortíz Almirón Alan Michel 
Published: December 2021

<p>El brote de <em>COVID-19</em> estalló en Wuhan, China, en diciembre de 2019 y fue declarado como una emergencia sanitaria de escala mundial por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS, en adelante) en el mes de marzo de 2020. Ha afectado, a la fecha, a un total de 173 países. La gravedad sanitaria de la situación reside en el grado de contagio de la enfermedad, que hace que, sin una adecuada prevención y contención mediante aislamiento social, muchas personas requieran atención médica al mismo tiempo, lo que desabastece los recursos sanitarios de las zonas más afectadas.</p><p> </p><p>La provincia de Corrientes, como muchas otras, ha debido tomar decisiones que impliquen paliar la situación optando por diferentes soluciones para enfrentar esta problemática. Una de estas medidas fue la construcción de un hospital de campaña para tratamientos de pacientes afectados por el virus <em>SARS-CoV2</em>.</p><p> </p><p>El desafío fue el de reacondicionar y readecuar un establecimiento educativo construido durante el gobierno del presidente Juan Domingo Perón, para convertirlo en un edificio equipado para la salud, teniendo en cuenta no solo el equipamiento interno, sino la infraestructura física del lugar y el contexto de su ubicación. Esto hoy en día representa para los correntinos una respuesta eficaz frente una situación que ha transformado el mundo, y es un caso singular en las respuestas dadas a estas situaciones de ampliación de capacidades implementadas por los sistemas de salud, que entendemos merecen una mirada particular en su conformación como una alternativa válida, ya que combinan los tres estados de la enfermedad y centralizan la atención en un solo edificio en toda la provincia.</p>
Políticas de ordenamiento territorial del Chaco
Authors: Romagnoli Venettia 
Published: December 2021

<p>Desde una perspectiva que entiende que toda política de ordenamiento territorial está constituida por el plan territorial, las normas y el modelo de gestión, este trabajo<sup>1</sup> presenta una revisión de los antecedentes y del marco normativo e institucional de las políticas de ordenamiento territorial de la provincia del Chaco, con el objeto de avanzar en la definición de un conjunto de lineamientos que sirvan como bases para un anteproyecto de Ley de Ordenamiento Territorial provincial.</p><p> </p>
Upaya Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Pada Pembelajaran IPS Dengan Menggunakan Media Gambar
Authors: Lakari Fitri , Ismail Feiby , Syah Ilham 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya meningkatkan minat belajar siswa kelas IV pembelajaran IPS dengan menggunakan media gambar di SD Negeri 1 Poigar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yakni peneliti mengambarkan bagaimana meningkatkan minat belajar siswa kelas IV Pembelajaran IPS dengan menggunakan media gambar di SD Negeri 1 Poigar melalui wawancara yang mendalam pada informasi penelitian yang didukung dengan proses pengamatan dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian yaitu kepala sekolah, guru kelas IV dan 4 orang siswa kelas IV. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa strategi guru dalam penggunaan media gambar dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa kelas IV pembelajaran IPS dengan mengunakan media gambar di SD Negeri 1 Poigar yakni; menyesuaikan materi dengan gambar yang akan digunakan, merancang media gambar yang akan digunakan mengingat keterbatasan media, menyusun langkah-langkah dalam menggunakan media gambar, menyesuaikan langkah-lagkah pembelajaran berdasarkan RPP, referensi dan tujuan pembelajaran yang telah disusun sebelumnya.