bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Could Gamification Present a Significant Topic for the Philosophy of Sport?
Authors: Hurych Emanuel 
Published: July 2021

This article focuses on the phenomenon of gamification in the context of the philosophy of sport. Gamification is usually understood as a process of adding games or game-like elements to some activity in order to encourage participation. Gamification takes the techniques that game designers use to engage players and applies them to motivate people in different spheres of our lives.With the rapid development of cyber games and the penetrating everyday lives of many young people, gamification becomes an important issue for different fields of study. In economic discourse, it is often used as a business strategy. For pedagogy, it can present an educational method or teaching instrument, and psychologists examine gamification as a motivational method.In the context of sports, gamification provides a possibility for various empirical sociological studies. However, the sociological investigations could be supported by studies of philosophical backgrounds of gamification applied in the field of sports. Some authors speak about the concept of meaningful gamification. They are mostly explained more from psychological positions (exploring the theories of motivation etc.) than from the philosophical ones.Virtuality and the virtual worlds connected with cyberspace (from which gamification comes) are often understood as the opposite of reality (or escape from reality). Thus, it could be taken as something inauthentic. Badges and points present "pure" instruments that could strengthen the instrumental approach to the world. However, is it as simple?In the philosophical discourse, we could examine gamification from a range of different positions. This article assesses two possible ways in terms of how to describe and discuss gamification in the philosophical discourse. One is the topic of game and play based on the work of Johan Huizinga. The other is the concept of authenticity and instrumentality based on Martin Heidegger, Jan Patočka, and Hans-Georg Gadamer.It appears probable that gamification in sport is rapidly spreading, and it will be examined within different empirical studies more and more. This article argues that this phenomenon is also as an interesting topic for the philosophy of sport.
Analiza osnovnih problema u procesu upravljanja korporativnog menadžmenta
Authors: Dogandzic Sonja , Dogandžić Anja 
Published: July 2021

Menadžment korporacije svoje aktivnosti usmerava, pre svega, ka realizaciji osnovnog cilja, povećanja vrednosti preduzeća zadovoljavajući pritom i interes onih koji su ih delegirali. U ovom procesu evidentno je da interesi samih menadžera nisu potisnuti u drugi plan, naprotiv, menadžment korporacije ih realizuje uporedo sa interesima vlasnika-akcionara. Ovakvo shvatanje postaje suviše uzan okvir za prikazivanje osnovnih problema koji se javljaju u procecu korporativnog upravljanja. Potrebno je uvažiti i interese ostalih interesnih grupa koje rade u samoj korporaciji ili obavljaju neke od poslovnih aktivnosti sa njom. Stoga, korporativno upravljanje treba da se posmatra kao sistem koji je u svojoj strukturi složen i dinamičan i koji se prilagođava internim potrebama korporacije ali i ostalim zainteresovanim subjektima iz okruženja obezbedjujući pritom neophodan kontinuitet u radu, rast i razvoj.
Determination of static space requirements for finishing bulls based on image analysis
Authors: Volkmann N , Stracke J , Rauterberg SL , Spindler B , Kemper N 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn Europe, conventional housing systems for finishing bulls (Bos taurus) tend to consist of group pens with a high stocking density. Up until now there have been no regulations in place defining bulls’ space requirements, even although insufficient space allowance is considered to impair animal welfare. Our study aimed to measure the surface area that finishing bulls occupy in standing and lying positions. We observed 46 bulls on a German fattening farm. The animals from one pen were assigned to one of three weight classes (W1: < 450 kg; W2:450-649 kg; W3: ≥ 650 kg), and two pens of each weight class were examined. For image recordings, a camera trap was installed above the pens. To analyse the covered surface, the recorded images (n = 242) were edited. Furthermore, the observed lying postures were differentiated in terms of lying position and stretched-out legs. On average, the areas covered by the bulls increased with class of bodyweight. A finishing bull covered up to 1.21 m2in a standing position and up to 1.57 m2in a lying position, the most space being needed in an outstretched position. The calculated values provide information only about the surface a finishing bull covered in different positions in the pen. In practice, additional dynamic and social space must be taken into account for recommendations on space requirements, in order to ensure adequate inter-individual distances, social interaction and characteristic behaviours to improve animal welfare.
Estructura bancaria y desigualdad de renta. La banca cooperativa marca la diferencia
Authors: Albert Moreno Juan Francisco , Chaves Ávila Rafael 
Published: July 2021

En este trabajo se estudia la relación existente entre tres diferentes estructuras bancarias (bancos cooperativos, bancos comerciales y cajas de ahorro) y la desigualdad de renta. El estudio basado en datos panel utiliza modelos estáticos y dinámicos y analiza el conjunto de la Eurozona con un total de 19 países y 2.253 bancos para un periodo temporal comprendido entre 2010 y 2019. Los resultados muestran que solo los bancos cooperativos reducen la desigualdad en contraposición a los bancos comerciales y las cajas de ahorro. Además, estos son robustos entre diferentes metodologías empeladas y utilizando distintos indicadores de desigualdad. Asimismo, los resultados apuntan a que la relación negativa entre la presencia de los bancos cooperativos y la desigualdad es más intensa y significativa para los países del norte de Europa con mayor desarrollo económico que para los países del sur. A su vez, se han examinado los posibles canales de transmisión a través de los cuáles la banca cooperativa podría reducir la desigualdad. Los resultadossugieren que es la promoción de la inclusión financiera por parte de los bancos cooperativos lo que podría jugar un papel determinante en la reducción de la desigualdad de renta. Los resultados hallados en esta investigación revelan la importancia de distinguir entre estructuras bancarias a la hora de analizar el papel del sistema financiero en el desarrollo económico y en el bienestar de la población.
Globalización del proceso productivo establecido y su impacto socioeconómico. El caso de Orkli S. Coop. en China
Authors: Arzadun Paula 
Published: July 2021

Mondragón es el primer grupo empresarial en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco, décimo a nivel del Estado Español y primero del sector de la Economía Social. Ante la evolución, complejidad y globalización de los mercados, ha buscado adaptarse y dar respuesta a un escenario en expansión, siendo uno de los efectos directos su globalización económica en general, y la diseminación de experiencias de globalización del proceso productivo establecido - GPPE, en particular.El presente trabajo es fruto de una investigación más amplia en la que se desarrolló una herramienta analítica de evaluación del impacto socioeconómico, y que se utilizó con el objetivo de conocer el impacto de la GPPE de Mondragón en países en riesgo identificados como mercados objetivo. Para ello se combinaron dos tipos de medidas. Se evaluó, por un lado, el impacto económico a través de las Tablas Input-Output (Leontief, 1970) y, por otro lado, el grado en el que se alinean diversas políticas y prácticas económicas, ambientales y socialmente responsables con la estrategia empresarial (Porter y Kramer, 2006). En concreto, aquí se presentará el caso de Orkli S.Coop en la ciudad de Kunshan, China, para lo cual se llevó a cabo un trabajo de campo in situ durante el mes de junio de 2009.
Las Sociedades Cooperativas y Laborales como artífices del emprendimiento empresarial. Análisis comparativo del Perfil del emprendedor de ambas figuras en el contexto de Andalucía
Authors: Cuadrado Serrán Mario , Ciruela Lorenzo Antonio Manuel 
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las características y problemáticas de las dos figuras de la Economía Social que más desarrollo están teniendo en los últimos años como motores de emprendimiento empresarial en Andalucía. Nos referimos a las sociedades cooperativas y laborales, las cuales, aunque han sido estudiadas desde diversas perspectivas, no encontramos en la literatura económica estudios en profundidad sobre el análisis del emprendedor, al menos en lo que a la comunidad autónoma andaluza se refiere.De esta forma, y mediante un análisis comparativo, se establecen las posibles ventajas e inconvenientes de ambas figuras empresariales y se presentan, mediante un estudio empírico, las particularidades personales, sociales y económicas de los emprendedores que deciden acogerse a cada una de ellas, tratando de establecer lo que podríamos denominar como el perfil del emprendedor tipo de Economía social en Andalucía.
Estructuras contractuales en el sector de las finanzas populares en el municipio de Querétaro en México
Authors: Cárdenas Félix Cenobio Javier , Hirsch Julia , Lara Gómez Graciela 
Published: July 2021

A la luz de la teoría de contratos, como parte de la microeconomía y de la ciencia de la economía en general, la presente investigación se orienta al estudio de las relaciones contractuales en el sector de las finanzas populares, particularmente en el Municipio de Querétaro, México. En ésta se identifican las metodologías e instrumentos que son utilizados por las organizaciones de las finanzas populares para atenuar los efectos de la información asimétrica que está presente entre las partes contractuales. También es importante la contribución que se hace a manera de propuestas, al contrastar lo observado en campo con lo que la teoría señala, sobre las diferentes alternativas que las organizaciones tienen para perfeccionar sus formas de trabajar con el fin de incidir en amplios sectores de población que todavía demandan servicios financieros
Impacts of heat stress and storm events on the benthic communities of Kenting National Park (Taiwan)
Authors: Ribas-Deulofeu Lauriane , Denis Vianney , Château Pierre-Alexandre , Chen Chaolun Allen 
Published: July 2021

Over the past few decades, extreme events—such as ocean warming, typhoons, and coral bleaching—have been increasing in intensity and frequency, threatening coral reefs from the physiological to ecosystem level. In the present study, the impacts of rising seawater temperatures, typhoons, and coral bleaching events on benthic communities were seasonally assessed over a 21 month-period, using photo-transects at 11 sites in Kenting National Park (KNP), Taiwan. Between August 2015 and April 2017, seven typhoon events were recorded and in situ seawater temperatures in KNP reached a maximum of 31.2 °C, as opposed to an average maximum SST of 28.8 °C (2007–2016). The state and response of benthic communities to these events were interpreted based on the environmental conditions of KNP. The repeated storms lowered the levels of thermal stress during the 2015–2016 El Niño event and may have mitigated its impact on the Taiwanese coral reefs. However, storm-induced local shifts from coral to macro-algae dominance were observed. Storms may mitigate the negative effects of heatwaves, but the mechanical damage induced by the storms may also decrease the structural complexity of reefs and their associated diversity. Eventually, despite reef persistence, the composition and function of remnant communities may profoundly diverge from those in regions with less active storms.
Clinical Profiling of a Chicken Based Formula in an Indian Children’s Hospital
Authors: Kesavelu Dhanasekhar , Lekha V. S. 
Published: July 2021

Aims: To compare nutritional status of chronic ill children before and after using chicken-based formula (CBF).
Design: A retrospective, case note based, observational study of the use of CBF in various clinical indications were noted and results critically analysed.
Study Design: In this study, out patients aged 1 to 36 months who were prescribed CBF from 2018-2020 were included. The indications for using the formula and the outcomes were noted. All subjects, consumed the prescribed formula for a minimum of six months. The pre and post - therapy nutritional status were assessed. The collected data was analysed using SPSS Version 20.
Methodology: Children between the ages 1 to 36 months who presented with chronic diarrhoea in whom CBF was prescribed either as primary source of nutrition or an nutritional adjunct were included in the study. Children who were allergic to the CBF or any of its ingredients were excluded from the study.
Results: 34 children were prescribed CBF for various indications including Cow’s milk protein allergy (n=18, 52%), underweight (n=8, 23.5%), Chronic Diarrhoea (n=8, 23.5%). The age range was 0-6 months n=13 (38.2%), 6-12 months n=14 (41.2%) and 12-36 months=7 (20.6%).The nutritional assessment prior to commencing feeds showed 52.9% (n=18) were underweight, 44.1% (n=15) were well nourished and 2.9% (n=1) was overweight. Post feeding nutritional status showed-20.58% (n= 7) remained underweight, 76.4% (n=26) were well nourished and 2.9 % (n= 1) overweight. Weight gain was significant in selected subjects (<.001).Pearson correlation indicates that there was significant positive correlation between CBF and weight gain.
Conclusions: Growth parameters of infants fed with CBF matches with infants who are not fed on CBF. CBF can be used as an alternative in the absence of equivalent therapeutic feeds. It may be used for indications such as secondary lactose intolerance, celiac disease, malnutrition and alternative to hypo-allergenic formula (as a cheaper and cost effective formula) and as an adjuvant in malnutrition.
A Comprehensive Study of Malware Detection in Android Operating Systems
Authors: Hamdi Suhaib Jasim , Ibrahim Ibrahim Mahmood , Omar Naaman , Ahmed Omar M. , Rashid Zryan Najat , Ahmed Awder Mohammed , Ibrahim Rowaida Khalil , Kak Shakir Fattah , Yasin Hajar Maseeh , Salih Azar Abid 
Published: July 2021

Android is now the world's (or one of the world’s) most popular operating system. More and more malware assaults are taking place in Android applications. Many security detection techniques based on Android Apps are now available. The open environmental feature of the Android environment has given Android an extensive appeal in recent years. The growing number of mobile devices are incorporated in many aspects of our everyday lives. This paper gives a detailed comparison that summarizes and analyses various detection techniques. This work examines the current status of Android malware detection methods, with an emphasis on Machine Learning-based classifiers for detecting malicious software on Android devices. Android has a huge number of apps that may be downloaded and used for free. Consequently, Android phones are more susceptible to malware. As a result, additional research has been done in order to develop effective malware detection methods. To begin, several of the currently available Android malware detection approaches are carefully examined and classified based on their detection methodologies. This study examines a wide range of machine-learning-based methods to detecting Android malware covering both types dynamic and static.
The Correlations between Admission Heart Rate and Corrected QT Interval Prolongations with Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Elnoaas Shaimaa Mohamed Amer Abo , Sheikh Raghda Ghonimy El , Elaal Mohamed Ahmed Abd , Sheikh Ayman Ahmed El 
Published: July 2021

Background: Coronary heart disease is a major cause of mortality and this health problem is reaching pandemic in both developed, and developing countries. ACS carries significant morbidity and mortality and the prompt diagnosis, and appropriate treatment is essential. HR was identified as a risk predictor of ACS. Both continuous increase in high baseline heart rate and decrease in low baseline heart rate are associated with higher risk of CVD. Decreased heart rate could also cause dispersion of atrial repolarization which, in turn, initiate cardiovascular events.
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between heart rate and severity of coronary artery disease in patient with acute coronary syndrome.
Patients and Methods: The retrospective study was conducted on 120 patients that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited from Cardiology department in Tanta university hospitals presented with acute coronary syndrome.
Results: There was highly significant difference between both groups regarding admission heart rate & QTc interval. Both groups of low AHR< 60 bpm & high AHR >90bpm were significantly associated with severe CAD &.Mainly those patients with higher admission heart rate were more likely to have higher Syntax scores (severe coronary lesion). Also, patients with prolonged QTc had severe coronary artery diseases, higher SS & high probability to suffer adverse cardiac events more than patients without prolonged QTc interval.
Conclusion: The current study showed that QTc interval prolongation and admission HR are independent predictors of the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Current Status of Sex Sorted Semen and its Long Term effect on Population Dynamics and Y-Chromosome Degeneration of the Breed Among Dairy Animals in Jharkhand, India: A Review
Authors: Kumari N. , Prasad S. , Pandey A. K. , Dash S. , Sinha R. 
Published: July 2021

Sex Sorted Semen gives the liberty of producing offspring of the desired sex - in farming animals by using it in conjunction with other assisted reproductive technologies such as Artificial Insemination and In-Vitro Fertilization after selecting the healthy sperm and separating into X-Female and Y-male Chromosome bearing populations based on their DNA content. It is an important biotechnological tool to increase the milk production and the profitability of Dairy Industry. Current study deals with the Principle, methods, main method, advantages, disadvantages and the current status of Sex sorted semen in India and Jharkhand. The main emphasis of this study is to draw the attention of Scientific fraternity towards the effect of Sex Sorted Semen on Population dynamics. The Sex Sorted semen increases the deviation of ratio between Male and Female Population from ideal 1:1, thereby decreasing the effective population size Ne and thus slowly reducing the viability and survivability of the population or breed concerned. Further the already depleting Y chromosomes will be reaped off all its genes in long run at a faster rate due to antagonistic selection pressure arising out of Artificial selection via Sex Sorted Semen acting against all the gene of Y chromosome of the breed or population concerned which might disturb many vital genes and the associated functions. The degeneration and extinction of scientists have been predicted long ago. The effect of Sex Sorted semen on Y- chromosome degeneration is yet to be pointed out, calculated and subsequently verified in any of the literatures. SSS is indeed a boon for India as well as Jharkhand. It might be too early to predict about the negative impact of SSS on population dynamics and Y-Chromosome degeneration. Further research work must be done to assess the extent and authencity of above mentioned impact( Predicted theoretically) by calculation as well as practical field based Experimentation.
The Relation of Vitamin D Blood Level with Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms (SAMS)
Authors: Ijdayaat Thouria , Eltoukhy Khaled , Hazem Maha , Elsyed Kefaya 
Published: July 2021

Aims: This work evaluates the vitamin D status in patients with statins- associated muscle symptoms.
Study Design: A case control prospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: Neurology Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, between June 2020 and May 2021.
Methodology: Total of 85 participants included in this study, 60 participants of them have chronic Stroke and ischemic heart disease, treated by different kinds of statins and 25 participants were healthy controlled individuals. The 60 patients were 35 males (55%) and 25 females (45%), with age ranging from 40 to 70 years. The 60 participants were divided into two groups: The first group included (30 patients) treated with statins and they did not have Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms (SAMS).The second group included (30 patients) also treated with Statin and they complained of SAMS. The third group is the control group, which contains the 25 participants who were healthy people. The control group included15 males (55%) and 10 females (45%) with age ranged from 35 to 65 years. Laboratory investigations were conducted on all participants in this study. The participants were subjected to total of 5 laboratory tests, which include: (1) Vitamin D (Enzyme immunoassay method), (2) Total CK (Enzymatic method), (3) Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides (Enzymatic method), (4)High density lipoproteins Cholesterol (Precipitation method), (4)Low density lipoproteins Cholesterol (Freid Wald equation), and (5) C – reactive protein (CRP: Latex Agglutination Method) was done beside elecetrophysiology study ( Needle electromyography (NEMG) was include).
Results: Out of 60 patients the statistical readings of Vitamin D levels for the studied groups, demonstrating a significant statistical difference in Vitamin D levels between patients complaining of statin-associated muscle symptoms group (P≤0.001), and the other groups with lowest mean of (26.30 ±3.75), while patient without statin-associated muscle symptom group had the mean rating of (29.33 ±3.69), and the control group had the highest mean of (30.14 ±3.57).
Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between vitamin D deficiency and statin-associated muscle symptoms. Vitamin D status may play an important role in diagnosis and management of SAMS. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D and SAMS.
Femtojoule‐Power‐Consuming Synaptic Memtransistor Based on Mott Transition of Multiphasic Vanadium Oxides
Authors: Iqbal Shahid , Duy Le Thai , Kang Hyunwoo , Singh Ranveer , Kumar Mohit , Park Jucheol , Seo Hyungtak 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo realize the potential of Mott transition of multiphasic vanadium oxides (VOx) for memory applications, the development of VOx memtransistors on SiO2 wafer is introduced. Through electrical characterizations, the volatile memory behaviors of the VOx memtransistors are observed in both two‐ and three‐terminal measurements. Their capacitive memory and resistive switching mechanisms are strongly related to the mixed VOx/SiO2 interface (called VSiOx). VSiOx supports the Mott transition in VOx at low bias voltages (<0.5 V), leading to the low power consumption of the memtransistor. Moreover, the fast switching time (≈35 ns) and tunable memory retention with the synaptic functions (potentiation and depression) of the memtransistors (by using the gate and drain biases) are demonstrated. Overall, the findings open up major opportunities for constructing ultrafast and femto‐joule power‐consuming neuromorphic devices.