bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity and the Risk of Infertility, Gestational Diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Pirotta Stephanie , Joham Anju , Grieger Jessica A. , Tay Chau Tien , Bahri-Khomami Mahnaz , Lujan Marla , Lim Siew S. , Moran Lisa J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis review describes the relationship between obesity and the most common reproductive (infertility) and metabolic (gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] and type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]) consequences in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It also describes the vital role of lifestyle management for PCOS. PCOS is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder common in reproductive-age women. Consensus on the exact etiological mechanisms of PCOS is unreached. Overweight or obesity is present in at least 60% of the PCOS population, but the condition occurs irrespective of BMI, with excess BMI increasing both the prevalence and severity of clinical features. Use of lifestyle therapies (nutrition, physical activity, and/or behavioral) for the prevention and management of excess weight gain, infertility, GDM, and T2DM is a vital component of best-practice PCOS care. Lifestyle management is recommended for all women with PCOS as the first-line treatment with or without medications. Due to a lack of high-quality trials demonstrating the efficacy of specific lifestyle approaches, PCOS lifestyle recommendations are as those for the general population. This review summarizes current knowledge relating to obesity and its impact on fertility, GDM, and T2DM. It also summarizes the lifestyle recommendations to best manage these conditions in women with PCOS and obesity.
A double gimbal optical image stabilizer driven by piezoelectric stacks
Authors: Xu Zhangfan , Pan Song , Chen Lei , Xiao Zhong 
Published: April 2021

With the advantages of high accuracy and fast response, piezoelectric actuators are used to drive optical image stabilizers. As a piezoelectric stack is not tensile, preload voltage is required for a traditional piezoelectric driven optical image stabilizer, which wastes electricity and adversely affects the stack’s performance. In this paper, we propose a double gimbal optical image stabilizer, whereupon a prototype is machined and its performance is assessed. Two piezoelectric stacks are used to produce the forward and reverse actuation, respectively, in which case the preload voltage is not essential. Owing to the isolation of the gimbal, the output coupling of the two piezoelectric actuators is less than 1%. The presented stabilizer has the actuation range of ±50 µm and effectively tracks the sinusoidal signals with the frequency below 46 Hz.
Shortened tethering filaments stabilize presynaptic vesicles in support of elevated release probability during LTP in rat hippocampus
Authors: Jung Jae Hoon , Kirk Lyndsey M. , Bourne Jennifer N. , Harris Kristen M. 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Long-term potentiation (LTP), a form of synaptic plasticity important for learning and memory, results in an increased probability of release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic vesicles. Prior work showed total vesicle number was decreased following LTP, seemingly inconsistent with this increased probability of release. Presynaptic vesicles are tethered to the active zone via filaments composed of molecules engaged in docking, priming, and release processes. Here, electron-microscopic tomography revealed a higher density of docked vesicles at active zones. Tethering filaments on vesicles at the active zone were shorter, and their attachment sites were shifted closer to the active zone. These changes suggest more vesicles were docked and primed, which would increase the probability of release 2 h after induction of LTP.
A conserved folding nucleus sculpts the free energy landscape of bacterial and archaeal orthologs from a divergent TIM barrel family
Authors: Jain Rohit , Muneeruddin Khaja , Anderson Jeremy , Harms Michael J. , Shaffer Scott A. , Matthews C. Robert 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Orthologous proteins from the three superkingdoms have conserved their structures and functions over evolutionary time. We ask whether their folding mechanisms and the structures of their partially folded states are similarly conserved, using bacterial and archaeal representatives of the IGPS TIM barrel enzyme. Comparison of circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopic studies reveal a highly conserved mechanism, and hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry analyses highlight similar cores of stability in regions dominated by clusters of branched aliphatic side chains. A bioinformatics analysis of hundreds of IGPS sequences from each superkingdom shows a very highly conserved sequence, V/ILLI, that nucleates the formation of a misfolded, microsecond intermediate and has existed since the last universal common ancestor of the IGPS family of proteins.
Life-course trajectories of body mass index from adolescence to old age: Racial and educational disparities
Authors: Yang Yang Claire , Walsh Christine E. , Johnson Moira P. , Belsky Daniel W. , Reason Max , Curran Patrick , Aiello Allison E. , Chanti-Ketterl Marianne , Harris Kathleen Mullan 
Published: April 2021

Significance
This comprehensive life-course longitudinal study of body mass index (BMI) contributes knowledge about the temporal dynamics of BMI as individuals age and how social status defines disparities in lifetime obesity risk. Results show that adolescence and young adulthood are critical life stages when excess weight can rapidly accumulate and racial/ethnic or educational disparities emerge, most significantly among recent cohorts of young people. These cohort increases in the prevalence and rate of increase in obesity have alarming consequences for contemporary epidemiologic conditions such as the COVID-19 pandemic and US population health and life expectancy in years to come. Our study further contributes data analytic tools by linking and integrating multiple existing studies to advance science on social determinants of health.
An introgressed gene causes meiotic drive inNeurospora sitophila
Authors: Svedberg Jesper , Vogan Aaron A. , Rhoades Nicholas A. , Sarmarajeewa Dilini , Jacobson David J. , Lascoux Martin , Hammond Thomas M. , Johannesson Hanna 
Published: April 2021

SignificanceIn order to survive, most organisms must deal with parasites. Such parasites can be other organisms or, sometimes, selfish genes found within the host genome itself. While much is known about parasitic organisms, the interaction with their hosts, and their ability to spread within and between species, much less is known about selfish genes. We here identify a selfish “spore killer” gene in the fungusNeurospora sitophila. The gene appears to have evolved within the genus but has entered the species through hybridization and introgression. We also show that the host can counteract the gene through RNA interference. These results shed light on the diversity of selfish genes in terms of origin, evolution, and host interactions.
Meloidogyne enterolobii (Pacara earpod tree root-knot nematode).
Authors: Castillo Pablo , Castagnone-Sereno Philippe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The risk of introducing nonindigenous plant pathogens or pests into new areas is increasing rapidly due to globalization and the extensive trade and transport network now established within and among continents (Hulme, 2009). Meloidogyne spp. are universally associated with vegetable production across the globe. Meloidogyne enterolobii is a highly pathogenic and aggressive invasive species emerging as an economically important species worldwide. As a root-knot nematode species, M. enterolobii can easily be transmitted with soil and plant material. Infested soil and growing media, plants for planting, bulbs and tubers from countries where M. enterolobii occurs are the most probable pathways of introduction into different regions. Soil attached to machinery, tools, footwear or plant products is also another possible pathway. The recent interception of this pest in several countries in Europe and the Mediterranean region (Germany, The Netherlands, UK) illustrates that it has the potential to enter different regions. In addition, M. enterolobii could survive under glasshouse conditions across regions with a sub-Mediterranean or a continental climate. Once root-knot nematodes have been introduced, it is generally difficult to control or eradicate them. Only in the EPPO region has this nematode been listed as a quarantine pest (EPPO A2 list No.361).
Lobesia botrana (European grapevine moth).
Authors: Lucchi Andrea , Scaramozzino Pier Luigi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Lobesia botrana should be regarded as a potentially serious pest on a worldwide scale for all the vine-growing areas that are presently unaffected. L. botrana could be introduced as larvae or pupae on infested propagation material from the Old World and Latin America (Chile and Argentina) and especially on imported table grapes for consumption. It could also be introduced through the movement of unsanitized machinery. Thus L. botrana must have a strict quarantine status in all countries still unaffected.
Conservation and reintroduction of the rare and endangered orchid
Paphiopedilum armeniacum
Authors: Wang Meina , Li Suzhen , Chen Lijun , Li Jian , Li Liqiang , Rao Wenhui , Liu Hong , Chen Jianbin , Ren Hai 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Paphiopedilum armeniacum
is a rare and endangered lady’s slipper orchid in China. It is distributed around the mid-elevations of the Nu Mountains in southwest China. Due to over-harvest, habitat loss, and degradation, wild populations of
P. armeniacum
has declined drastically. A combination of approaches involving biotechnology, habitat restoration, and interspecific relationship reconstruction was used to carry out the reintroduction of the species. Integrated conservation program for this species included
in-situ
protection,
ex-situ
conservation, and reintroduction, which helped to rebuild a harmonious relationship between local farmers and
P. armeniacum
. The sustainable utilization of native plant resources in poor areas can promote regional sustainable development which is compatible with species protection.
Directionality preservation of nuclear recoils in an emulsion detector for directional dark matter search
Authors: Alexandrov A. , De Lellis G. , Di Crescenzo A. , Golovatiuk A. , Tioukov V. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Nuclear emulsion is a well-known detector type proposed also for the directional detection of dark matter. In this paper, we study one of the most important properties of direction-sensitive detectors: the preservation by nuclear recoils of the direction of impinging dark matter particles. For nuclear emulsion detectors, it is the first detailed study where a realistic nuclear recoil energy distribution with all possible recoil atom types is exploited. Moreover, for the first time we study the granularity effect on the emulsion detector directional performance. As well as we compare nuclear emulsion with other directional detectors: in terms of direction preservation nuclear emulsion outperforms the other detectors for WIMP masses above 100 GeV/c2.
Tunable synchronized dual-wavelength pulsed operation in an Er/Yb double-clad fiber laser
Authors: Durán-Sánchez M , Álvarez-Tamayo R I , García-Flores Y A , Pottiez O , Posada-Ramírez B , Bello-Jiménez M , Alaniz-Balón J , Armas-Rivera I , Montiel-Piña E , Ibarra-Escamilla B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present a simple and efficient experimental approach to synchronized dual-wavelength pulsed operation in an all-fiber laser. Four different dual-wavelength emissions of synchronized picosecond pulses are generated through simple adjustments of a wave retarder. Autocorrelation traces exhibit modulation profiles corresponding to dual-wavelength emissions with wavelength separations ranging over one order of magnitude, from 0.96 to 9 nm. In all cases, it is observed stable dual-wavelength operation and perfect synchronization between both pulsed components, without requiring of intra-cavity dispersion management. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, synchronous tunable dual-wavelength pulse emission in a single-cavity Er/Yb double clad ring fiber laser is experimentally demonstrated.
Thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of RT
2 (R: Gd, Dy, Er; T: Al, Ni) intermetallic compounds for magnetic refrigerator
Authors: Watanabe S , Komatsu S , Futatsuka K , Kumazawa N , Matsumoto K , Kamiya K , Takeya H , Numazawa T 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Highly efficient hydrogen liquefaction is required for upcoming hydrogen energy society. Magnetic refrigeration is expected as a method to realize efficient hydrogen liquefaction, and the performance depends on properties of magnetic materials. RT
2 (R: rare-earth; T: Al, Ni) Laves phase intermetallic compounds with a second-order magnetic phase transition are one of the promising magnetocaloric materials. Thermal expansion, magnetostriction, and thermal conductivity of ErAl2, DyNi2, DyAl2 and GdNi2 were measured in magnetic fields using polycrystalline samples because of the important properties for practical use in a magnetic refrigerator. Thermal expansions showed anomalies at the magnetic transition temperature. However, those in 0 T were nearly the same as copper. Magnetostriction were not as large as magnetocaloric materials with a first-order magnetic phase transition such as TbMn2. Thermal conductivities in 0 T were almost in agreement with the literature data, and magnetic field dependence was small. These results indicate that RT
2 compounds are suitable as magnetic refrigerants for hydrogen liquefaction in practical use.
Effect of hyperbranched polymer modified on the impact strength of epoxy resin at cryogenic temperature
Authors: Zhao YL , Huang RJ , Zhang H , Zhou ZR , Wu ZX , Zhang HC , Zhang C , Wang YG , Li LF 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of hyperbranched polymer modified on impact strength of epoxy resin at 77K. One modifier called H204 was employed to methyl nadic anhydride (MNA) cured diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin system. The impact strength at 77 K was studied and the results indicated that introduction of modifier used in this study can enhance the impact strength at cryogenic temperature. The 58.57% increase was obtained by addition of 10 wt% H204 into the epoxy matrix. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the fracture mechanism and strengthening effect.
Robust Normality Test in the Presence of Outliers
Authors: Rana Sohel , Eshita Nishat Naila , Al Mamun Abu Sayed Md. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In classical statistics, detecting the normality of the data is one of the essential assumptions. However, if the selected random samples have some outliers, this assumption is violated. It is now evident that the Jarque-Bera (JB) test is one of the most powerful tests of normality. The study shows that in the presence of outliers, the JB test does not perform well in many situations. Thus, they proposed a robust Jarque-Bera (RJB) test as an alternative. In this article, we incorporate the idea of Gel and Gastwirth and proposed also a modified Jarque-Bera (MJB) test which has more power than the RJB. The results of the real-life example and simulation study shows that the power of MJB is higher in detecting normality of data compared to the JB and RJB test.
Handling Missing Values and Unusual Observations in Statistical Downscaling Using Kalman Filter
Authors: Saputra M D , Hadi A F , Riski A , Anggraeni D 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRainfall forecasting model using data Global Circular Model (GCM) with Statistical Downscaling technique has a fairly high accuracy. However, missing local climate information poses a constraint in data analysis and forecasting. Missing value imputation is one solution that can be used. Kalman Filter Imputation and State Space Model Arima are imputation methods that operate recursively where there is an update of prediction values when data updates occur. This study aimed to find the best model to use for missing value imputation with small imputation errors. The results of the missing value imputation were used to obtain the best statistical downscaling model on a 3 × 3 to 12 × 12 grid. The research was conducted on the daily rainfall data of Kupang City with 17% missing values and 8% unusual data at the Eltari Meteorological observation station, Kupang city. The average daily rainfall data in East Nusa Tenggara Province were utilized as a reference for the characteristics of rainfall data at the Kupang City observation station. The best missing value imputation was obtained by using the Arima State-Space Model (2,1,1) with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.930 and the model was statistical downscaling best obtained on a grid 6 × 6 with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 1.3 % and the number of PCs 11.
A Bayesian Logit-Normal Model in Small Area Estimation
Authors: Sunandi E , Kurnia A , Sadik K , Notodiputro K A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Logit-Normal model is one of the GLM Bayes models with random covariates used in binary data. This study aimed to examine and evaluate the characteristics of the Logit-Normal model. The second objective was to apply the Logit-Normal model to estimate the proportion of poverty in the small area of Mukomuko District in Bengkulu Province. We used the Hierarchical Bayes (HB) method to estimate parameters model. The simulation results obtained from the optimum number of iterations and gibbs samples, namely 500 iterations and 100 gibbs samples, respectively. In addition, when seen the value of

p

ˆ

i

H
B

has the same tendency with the parameter pi and

p

ˆ

i

D
E

. The value of

p

ˆ

i

H
B

tends to overestimate at

p

ˆ

i

H
B

⩽ 60%. Conversely,

p

ˆ

i

H
B

tends to underestimate

p

ˆ

i

H
B

> 60%. Furthermore, in the simulation results the estimated value of variance and MSE

p

ˆ

i

H
B

tends to be smaller than the variance of proportion. The application of the HB method for Logit-Normal model in the Mukomuko District poverty data produces

p

ˆ

i

H
B

which has the same tendency as the result of direct estimator (

p

ˆ

i

D
E

). The majority (21 villages) value of var(

p

ˆ

i

H
B

) are smaller or equal to the var(

p

ˆ

i

D
E

). This indicates that the estimation using the HB method can improve the estimation of the proportion parameters obtained by using the direct estimation method on poverty data.
An Alternative Procedure to Produce a P-Spline Small Area Estimation Model Based on Partial Residual Plot and Significance Test of Spline Term
Authors: Purwa Taly 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study provides an alternative procedure to produce the penalized spline small area estimation (P-Spline SAE) model by plotting each of auxiliary variable and variable interest as a simple nonlinearity identification and performing the iterative procedure: by estimating the model, producing partial residual plots to check model adequacy and also identify the nonlinearity, and testing the significance of spline term using Restricted Likelihood Ratio Test (RLRT). These procedures are applied to estimate the monthly average per-capita expenditure of district level in the Province of Bali, 2014 using direct survey estimates from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas 2014) and auxiliary variables from the administrative record of village data (PODES 2014). The Fay-Herriot (FH) model (M1) as a benchmark and four P-Spline SAE model, i.e. the P-Spline SAE with spline term: x2 and x3 (M2), x3 and x4 (M3), x2, x3 and x4 (M4), and x1, x2, x3 and x4 (M5), are obtained. From RLRT, the spline term of M3, M4, and M5 are statistically significant. According to the parametric bootstrap of mean squared prediction error (MSPE) and coefficient of variation (CV), the M4 and M5 show a significant improvement with the CV values range from about 1%-6% compared to M1 with a range from about 4%-17%, shows that these two models more efficient. The M3 model shows the opposite performance even though has the smallest AIC value. More detail, the MSPE and CV produced by M4 are slightly better than M5 makes the M4 is the best model in this study.
Hybrid Modeling of Singular Spectrum Analysis and Support Vector Regression for Rainfall Prediction
Authors: Athoillah Ibnu , Wigena Aji Hamim , Wijayanto Hari 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Rainfall can provide many benefits such as for agriculture, water resource management, and electricity. However, it can also cause hydrometeorological disasters such as floods and droughts, so that an accurate rainfall prediction is needed to anticipate the risks and minimize the losses. Rainfall characteristics are diverse, complex, and uncertain. Thus rainfall data are usually nonlinear time series and difficult to predict using traditional methods such as ARIMA. In recent years, machine learning models such as support vector regression (SVR) hybrid model has been developed to improve prediction accuracy. The SVR hybrid model can be carried out with Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) for data pre-processing. The SSA method is used to decompose original time series data into trend, oscillatory, and noise components. The SVR model is then used to predict rainfall based on reconstruction series from SSA without noise components. The grid search algorithm using an optimization method is used to estimate the parameters of the SVR model. This research aims to apply an SSA-SVR hybrid model and compares it to the SVR model using monthly rainfall data at Kemayoran Station from 1980 to 2019. Based on the result showed that the hybrid model yielded more accurate than the single model.
Hybrid ARIMAX-ANFIS based on LM Test for Prediction of Time Series with Holiday Effect
Authors: Hendikawati P , Subanar  , Abdurakhman  , Tarno  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to introduce the ARIMAX-ANFIS hybrid model based on LM test for forecasting time series that is influenced by holidays due to the calendar effect. The optimal ANFIS model architecture selection is made by selecting the input variable and determining the number of membership functions (MFs) based on the LM test. Simulation data and real data are used as case studies. The results showed that ARIMAX-ANFIS based on LM test could be used as an alternative procedure for selecting ANFIS architecture. In the simulation data, the best model is obtained with five input variables and four numbers of MFs. Meanwhile, the foodstuff price index data as real data gives optimal results with five input variables and two numbers of MFs. In general, the use of calendar effect dummy variables in the ARIMAX-ANFIS hybrid model shows more accurate results than the ARIMA-ANFIS model. The effect of holidays as a variation calendar also affects predictions’ accuracy, as seen from the RMSE, MAPE, and R2 values in the ANFIS training and testing process.
Forecasting Inflow and Outflow of Currency in Central Java using ARIMAX, RBFN and Hybrid ARIMAX-RBFN
Authors: Maghfiroh Z F , Suhartono  , Prabowo H , Salehah N A , Prastyo D D , Setiawan  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This research aims to forecast the inflow and outflow currency in Central Java. Inflow and outflow data contained both non-linear and linear patterns with calendar variation effects. Calendar variation model based on ARIMAX as a linear model, Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) as a non-linear model, and hybrid ARIMAX-RBFN as a combination linear and non-linear model are used to forecast inflow and outflow of currency in Central Java. The data used in this research consists of inflow and outflow of currency in Central Java from January 2010 until June 2019. The denomination used is 32 denominations of inflow and 32 denominations of outflow currency. RMSE and sMAPE values from the out-of-sample data are used to select the best model. The results show that hybrid ARIMAX-RBFN is the best model of 19 denominations of inflow currency and 22 denominations of outflow. In general, the hybrid model tends to provide a more accurate forecast than the individual forecasting model used in this research.