bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Prediction Model of Postoperative Venous Thrombosis of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wang Xue , Wang Xiao-hui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective

To investigate the influencing factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after ovarian cancer surgery, and construct its prediction model.
Methods

A total of 67 patients with ovarian cancer who developed VTE after surgery were selected from October 2008 to June 2020 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, and conducted a retrospective study with 100 patients without VTE after the operation who were confirmed by imaging during the same period. The clinical data of two groups of patients were analyzed and compared, and the risk prediction model was established. The ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the prediction effect of the model.
Results

Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age, menopausal status, hypertension, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, FIGO staging, lymph node metastasis, operation time, preoperative plasma FIB and D-dimer between the thrombosis group and the non-thrombosis group;The results of multivariate analysis showed that old age, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, late FIGO staging, high levels of plasma FIB and D-dimer before surgery are independent risk factors for VTE after ovarian cancer surgery. Construct a prediction model based on the results of multivariate regression analysis: Logit(P) = 0.053 × age + 0.917 × neoadjuvant chemotherapy + 0.956 × tumor FIGO staging + 0.398 × preoperative plasma FIB + 0.531 × preoperative D-dimer -7.679 ( Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, yes=1, no=0; tumor FIGO stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ=1, Ⅲ+Ⅳ=2; age, preoperative plasma FIB and D-dimer are actual values). The ROC curve analysis shows that the AUC value of the model is 0.773, the sensitivity is 74.6%, the specificity is 71.0%, and the total prediction accuracy rate is (78+39)/167=0.701.
Conclusions

Age, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor FIGO staging, preoperative plasma FIB and D-dimer can be used as reliable indicators to predict the occurrence of postoperative VTE in patients with ovarian cancer. The constructed prediction model has good risk prediction ability, It has certain clinical application value.
The Impact of Face Shields on the Quality of Colonoscopy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lee Jong Yoon , Kang Yeo Wool , Lee Jong Hoon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. Healthcare workers are at a higher risk for exposure to COVID-19 infection than the general population. During the COVID-19 pandemic, endoscopists are recommended to wear personal protective equipment (PPE), including face shields, to prevent COVID-19 transmission. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports on the impact of face shields on the quality of colonoscopy. This study aimed to determine whether the use of PPE, including face shields, affects the quality of colonoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent screening or surveillance colonoscopy performed at Dong-A University Hospital between June 2020 and March 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Endoscopists wore isolation gowns, disposable gloves, and KF94 masks from June 2020 to October 2020. From November 2020, endoscopists additionally wore face shields. Therefore, we compared the colonoscopy quality indicators during the 5 months without the use of face shields and the 5 months with the use of face shields. We calculated the overall adenoma detection rates (ADRs) of the group using face shields and the group not using face shields. Further, the polyp detection rate (PDR), sessile serrated lesion detection rate (SSLDR), advanced neoplasia detection rate (ANDR), polyp per colonoscopy, and adenoma per colonoscopy were calculated for each group.Results: In total, 1,359 patients were included in the study; the face shield and non-face shield groups comprised 679 and 680 patients, respectively. We found no statistically significant differences in the PDR (49.04 vs. 52.50%, p=0.202), ADR (38.59 vs. 38.97%, p=0.884) SSPDR (1.91 vs. 1.32%, p=0.388), and ANDR (3.98 vs. 3.97%, p=0.991) between the groups. In both the experienced endoscopist group and trainee endoscopist group, there was no difference in the colonoscopy quality indicators between the groups of patients examined by endoscopists with and without face shields.Conclusions: The quality indicators of colonoscopy were not affected by face shields during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Study on the Regulation of Th Cells by MSCs Through the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway to Protect Naturally Aged Sepsis Model Rats
Authors: Wang Lu , Deng Zihui , Sun Yan , Zhao Yan , Li Yun , Yang Mengmeng , Yuan Rui , Liu Yuyan , Qian Zhirong , Zhou Feihu , Kang Hongjun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is the leading cause of death among patients, especially elderly patients, in intensive care units worldwide. However, there is no effective treatment for sepsis in the aging population. Therefore, we designed such a study to confirm the protective effect of MSCs against sepsis in the elderly and to explore its mechanisms.Methods: In this study, we established a sepsis model using naturally aged SD rats and injected 5×106 umbilical cord-derived MSCs via the tail vein. Each group of rats was analyzed for survival, examined for biochemical parameters, stained for organ histology, and analyzed for the Th cell subpopulation ratio and inflammatory cytokine levels by flow cytometry. Western blotting was performed to detect the activity of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. We designed in vitro experiments to confirm the regulatory role of MSCs, and verified the possible mechanism using JAK/STAT inhibitors. Results: The results revealed that the 72 h survival rate of sepsis rats treated with MSCs was significantly increased, organ damage and inflammatory infiltration were reduced, the levels of organ damage indicators were decreased, the ratios of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg in peripheral blood and spleen were significantly decreased, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 were decreased, the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 were increased, and the levels of STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation were reduced. These results were validated in in vitro experiments. Conclusions: Therefore, this study confirms that MSCs can control the inflammatory response induced by sepsis by regulating Th cells and inflammatory factors, and that this leads to reduction of tissue damage, protection of organ functions and ultimately improvement of survival in aged sepsis model rats. Inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway may be an important mechanism for their action.
Molecular Detection of blaTEM, blaCTX-M and blaSHV Genes in Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia Coli from Clinical Samples
Authors: Chaudhary Mahesh Kumar , Jadhav Indrani , Banjara Megha Raj 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundExtended spectrum β-lactamases are the group of beta-lactamase enzymes which confer resistance to the oxyimino-cephalosporins and monobactams. Emergence of ESBL producing genes which possess a serious threat for the treatment of infections both in community and hospitals since it is found to be increasing trends of multidrug resistance. This study was focused to find out the ESBLs producing genes.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 2 years (September 2018 to April 2020) at microbiology laboratory of Nepal Mediciti Hospital. Clinical samples were processed in microbiology laboratory and culture isolates were indetified and characterized by standard microbiological techniques. following standard procedures.Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases were phenotypically confirmed by combined disc method.ESBL producing genes i.e. blaTEM,blaCTX-M and blaSHV were confirmed by PCR.ResultsOf the 1449 total E.coli isolates, 323/1449(22.29%) isolates were multi -drug resistance.Among total MDR Escherichia coli isolates, 215/323(66.56%) isolates were ESBL producers. The maximum number of ESBL Escherichia coli was isolated from urine 194(90.23%), followed by sputum 12(5.58%), swab 5 (2.32%), pus 2 (0.93%) and blood 2 (0.93%).Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of ESBL E.coli producers showed highest sensitivity towards tigecycline (100%) followed by polymyxin b, colistin and meropenem.Out of 215 phenotypically confirmed ESBL E.coli,only 186(86.51%) isolates were found to positive by PCR.The last 29(13.49%) were negative for any of the resistant genes.Among the ESBL genotypes,most common was blaTEM 118(63.4%) followed by blaCTX-M 68(36.6%).ConclusionThe emergence of MDR and ESBL producing E.coli isolates with high antibiotic resistant rates to commonly used antibiotics and increased predominance of major gene types blaTEM is a serious concern to the clinicians as well as microbiologist. This study forwarded a real massage to all the clinicians for the emergence of XDR and PDR resistant bacteria and preservation of antibiotics for their proper use in near future, if past experience with MDR and ESBLs is any indicator.
Assessment of Evidence-Based Practice Knowledge, Utilization of Practice and Associated Factors on Nurses Working in the Adult Intensive Care Unit of Federal Public Hospital in Addis Ababa
Authors: Alene Zerihune , W/Hawariat Negat , Bogale Helina , Fikadu Ayele , Workina Abdata 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Critical care nurses face several challenges in providing safe, evidence-based care for critical patients. Evidence-based practices are important to improve the overall quality of patient care, enhance nursing practice, and increase confidence in evidence-based decision-making. Thus, this study was intended to assess evidence-based practice knowledge and utilization of the practice on nurses working in the adult intensive care units.
Methods

Institutional based cross-sectional study was employed on 135 randomly selected nurses working in adult intensive care units of federal public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from April 3 to December 21, 2020. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. Then, it was entered into Epi data version 4.4.2.1, and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. In the bivariate logistic regression analysis, predictors variables with p< 0.25 were fitted to multivariate analysis. Then, the adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was used to report the association at P< 0.05.
Results

Among the study participants, about 92(68.1%) and 115(85.2%) of them were found to have good knowledge and utilization of evidence-based practice, respectively. Predictors like difficulty to properly interpret research results (AOR=11.36; 95% CI: 1.86-69.39), and insufficient resources to implement changes in practice (AOR=4.44; 95% CI: 1.05-18.80) were associated with poor knowledge of evidence-based practice. Moreover, nurses who were not able to interpret research results, lack of nursing colleague support, and insufficient time were significantly associated with poor utilization (P<0.05).
Conclusion

The knowledge and utilization of evidence-based practice among nurses was found to be high compared to the findings of former studies. Inability to properly interpret research results, lack of confidence, insufficient time, and lack of nursing colleague support were independently associated with poor knowledge and utilization of evidence-based practices among nurses working in adult ICU nurses.
Pulmonary Involvement of ANCA-associated Vasculitis in Adult Chinese Patients.
Authors: Zhou Peining , Li Zhiying , Gao Li , Que Chengli , Li Haichao , Ma Jing , Wang Guangfa , Chen Min 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients with pulmonary involvement from a single Chinese cohort. Methods: Newly diagnosed AAV patients with pulmonary involvement, as defined by CT, were recruited from January 2010 to June 2020. Clinical data and CT images were collected retrospectively. Baseline CTs were evaluated and re-classified into four categories: interstitial lung disease (ILD), airway involvement (AI), alveolar hemorrhage (AH), and pulmonary granuloma (PG). Results: A total of 719 patients were newly diagnosed with AAV, 366 (50.9%) of whom combined with pulmonary involvement at baseline. Among the AAV cases with pulmonary involvement, 55.7% (204/366) had ILD, 16.7% (61/366) had AI alone, 14.8% (54/366) had PG, and 12.8% (47/366) had AH alone. During follow-up of a median duration of 42.0 months, 66/366 (18.0%) patients died, mainly died from infections. Survival, relapse, and infection were all significantly different based on the radiological features. Specifically, the ILD group tends to have a poor long-term prognosis, the PG group is prone to relapse, and the AI group is apt to infection. The AH group has a high risk of both early infection and relapse, thus a poor short-term prognosis.Conclusion: AAV patients with diverse radiological features have different clinical characteristics and outcomes. Therefore, the intensity of immunosuppressive therapy must be carefully valued by considering the baseline CT findings among AAV patients with pulmonary involvement.
The Association between Serum Gamma Glutamyl transferase and Fasting Blood Glucose in Chinese People: A 6-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Teng Fei , Lai Peng , Wang Liying , Liu Xuekui , Geng Houfa , Xu Wei , Ye Yan , Li Jiayi , Liang Jun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to identify the relationships between gamma−glutamyltransferase (GGT) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) during a 6-year follow-up of subjects, and to evaluate if GGT is an independent factor affecting FBG. Methods Total of 1369 individuals from health examination survey at the urban area of Xuzhou, central China, were followed up for 6 years. The patients were divided into four groups according to their baseline GGT levels (in quartiles). The one-way ANOVA method was used to compare the differences of variables with basic line. The relationship between GGT and FBG levels was examined using repeated measurements ANOVA. Results The grouping of baseline GGT levels influenced changes in blood glucose during 6-year follow-up. In GGT quartile subgroups, the annual mean increase of FBG level shows a positive relationship with baseline GGT level. And this trend was even more pronounced in the highest baseline GGT group. Time course, baseline FBG and GGT groups at different individuals, which together affected the change of FBG level during the follow-up. Considering that baseline FBG may affect subsequent FBG levels, repeated measures ANOVA was used to exclude the effect of this factor. Results showed that different baseline GGT groups were still significantly associated with increased FBG levels during follow-up. GGT is an independent factor affecting FBG level（p<0.001）. Conclusions The annual mean increase of FBG level shows a positive relationship with baseline GGT level. Higher baseline GGT levels resulted in a faster annual mean increase in FBG. GGT could be used for early detection of impaired fasting glucose regulation (IFG) patients in clinical field.
Experimental Evaluation of an Antimicrobial Protein from Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens MBL27 for Wound Healing Potential in Rats
Authors: K Vijayalakshmi , Rajakumar G. Suseela 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study was aimed at assessing the ability of the antimicrobial protein (AMP) produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBL27 as a potent wound healant. Methods: Rat models were used to study the efficacy of AMP and AMP incorporated chitosan sheet along with control groups.Results: AMP and AMP incorporated chitosan sheet significantly improved wound contraction when compared to controls. Rate of wound contraction (97.23%), decreased period of epithelialization (14 days) and the levels of biochemical markers such as hydroxyproline (collagen), hexosamine, uronic acid and total protein in the granulation tissue on various days of wound healing revealed the wound healing efficacy of the AMP. The histological examinations also correlated well with the biochemical findings, confirming the wound healing efficacy of the AMP. Conclusion: The results indicate the beneficial effects of AMP from B.amyloliquefaciens MBL27 and its potential to be developed into new therapeutic agent for dermal wound healing.
Frailty in the over 65’s undergoing elective surgery (FIT-65) – a three-day study examining the prevalence of frailty in patients presenting for elective surgery
Authors: Harrison Sarah , Harvie David Alexander , Matthews Lewis , Wensley Frances 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Frailty increases the risk of perioperative complications, length of stay, and the need for assisted-living after discharge. As the UK population ages the number of frail patients presenting for elective surgery in the UK is likely to grow. Despite the potential benefits of early diagnosis, frailty is not uniformly screened for in UK elective surgical patients and its prevalence remains unclear. The primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of frailty in patients aged over 65 years undergoing elective surgery.
Methods

We performed a prospective cross-sectional observational study in eight UK hospitals. Data were collected over three consecutive days with follow-up at 30 days. HRA approval was obtained (REC 20/SC/0121) and signed informed consent obtained. Participants were eligible for inclusion if they were 65 years or older and undergoing elective surgery. Pre-operative data were collected from hospital notes by anaesthetic trainees. A member of the research team blinded to the pre-operative dataset screened the participant for frailty pre-operatively using the Reported Edmonton Frail Scale (REFS). Post-operative data were collected from the notes on day of surgery and at 30 days. Participants were defined as “frail” if they scored 8 or more on the REFS.
Results

228 participants were recruited during the study period of whom 218 proceeded to surgery. There were 103 females and 115 males. Median age was 75 years (interquartile range 70-80). Thirty-seven participants (17.0%) were identified as frail. Frail patients were older, had a higher ASA score, were more likely to have carers and were more likely to be anaemic and present with ECG abnormalities. There were no differences in gender, BMI, place of residence or smoking status for patients identified as frail versus non-frail. There was no difference in length-of-stay between frail and non-frail patients, although those identified as frail were less likely to be discharged to their own home.
Conclusion

We found the prevalence of frailty in a mixed population of elective surgical patients aged 65 or over to be 17.0%. Furthermore, we found the REFS to be a practical tool for pre-operative frailty screening. Frail patients presented for elective surgery with modifiable co-morbidities which could have been optimised pre-operatively. Early screening could highlight frail patients, allowing time for pre-operative planning and evidence-based optimisations of comorbidities. We therefore encourage the adoption of frailty assessment as a routine part of pre-operative assessment.
Level of IL-6 in cerebrospinal fluid is a preoperative predictor of short - term outcome in acquired hydrocephalus
Authors: Wu Dengjun , Lv Yinghao , Guan Zhengyan , Xiao Linmin , Shen Junjun , Fan Xinlin , Li Donghai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Acquired hydrocephalus (AH) is a common complication in patients with severe brain injury. Brain tissue injury has been proposed to induce a neuroinflammatory reaction reflected by cytokines release, particularly interleukin-6 (IL-6), which associates with early brain damage. The present study measured IL-6 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AH patients and determined its relationship to functional outcome following shunt operation.Methods: The study included a total of 32 patients with a shunt operation due to hydrocephalus. CSF samples from 26 AH subjects and 6 iNPH patients were collected via lumbar puncture before surgery. IL-6 level was measured using the micro ELISA immunoassay method. AH subjects were dichotomized into good versus poor outcomes based on modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months after shunting.Results: CSF analysis demonstrated that IL-6 was significantly elevated in the CSF of the AH group compared to controls (p = 0.023). Within the AH group, eighteen (69.2%) had a good outcome while eight (30.8%) patients had a poor outcome. Mean IL-6 level in the good outcome group was approximately four-times higher than the poor outcome group (p = 0.004). Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission was significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.014). IL-6 level and admission GCS were significantly correlated with improvement of mRS score (r = 0.473, p = 0.015 and r = 0.691, p＜0.0001, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that both factors can accurately differentiate between patients with good versus poor functional outcome (AUC = 0.861, p = 0.0039 and AUC = 0.823, p = 0.0098, respectively). Conclusions: The CSF level of IL-6 is elevated in AH patients and higher levels correlate with improvement of post-shunt functional outcome. Therefore, IL-6 CSF level might serve as a complementary surrogate parameter for operative indication. A possible IL-6 threshold in clinical routine might be a 6.98-pg/ml cutoff value to rule out unresponsive and poor outcome AH patients that are under the 6.98-pg/ml threshold.
Mapping Transgene Insertion Sites Reveals the α-Cre Transgene Expression in Both Developing Retina and Olfactory Neurons
Authors: Fan Yimeng , Chen Wenyue , Wei Ran , Qiang Wei , Pearson Joel , Yu Tao , Bremner Rod , Chen Danian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Tg(Pax6-cre,GFP)2Pgr (α-Cre) mouse (MGI:3052661) is a commonly used Cre line thought to be retinal-specific. Using targeted locus amplification (TLA), we mapped the insertion site of the transgene, and defined primers useful to deduce zygosity. Further analyses revealed four tandem copies of the transgene. The insertion site mapped to clusters of vomeronasal and olfactory receptor genes. Using R26R and Ai14 Cre reporter mice, we confirmed retinal Cre activity, but also detected expression in olfactory neurons, implicating the influence of neighbouring regulatory elements. RT-PCR and the buried food pellet (BFP) test did not detect any effects of the transgene on flanking genes in the nasal mucosa and retina. Together, these data precisely map α-Cre, show that it does not affect surrounding loci, but reveal previously unanticipated transgene expression in olfactory neurons. The α-Cre mouse can be a valuable tool in both retinal and olfactory research.