bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desempenho da pós-graduação em saúde coletiva e desenvolvimento do SUS: existe relação?
Authors: Minayo Maria Cecília de Souza 
Published: December 2021

Este ensaio traz uma indagação se e até que ponto os Programas de Pós-Graduação stricto sensu em Saúde Coletiva contribuem para o desenvolvimento do SUS. A hipótese é positiva, ainda que não se afirme um movimento óbvio e espontâneo, pois evidências científicas nunca são mecanicamente adotadas: implementação é um ato político de gestão e não uma decorrência de estudos acadêmicos. O argumento é que esses Programas se equilibram entre dois compromissos: obedecem à lógica da dinâmica educacional do mais alto nível do ensino superior e ao desenvolvimento da ciência e tecnologia; mas seu foco e seu objeto são o conhecimento e a qualificação do setor saúde (SUS). As bases que fundamentam este texto são artigos e relatórios que tratam da significância da Ciência & Tecnologia & Inovação para o desenvolvimento mundial e do país; artigos que tratam do mercado de trabalho dos ex-alunos da Pós-Graduação; e depoimentos de 16 coordenadores de Programas cuja relevância está assinalada na análise do trabalho. A conclusão é de que há um efeito por vezes difuso, por vezes concreto dos cursos de pós-graduação no desempenho do SUS e de outras instituições nacionais. Diferenciam-se as contribuições dos doutorados, dos mestrados acadêmicos e dos mestrados profissionais. Cada um a seu modo é fundamental para a qualificação do Sistema Único de Saúde.
A Discriminant Model For Skill Oriented Prediction of Female Cricketers Depending Upon Selected Performance Parameters
Authors: Mandoli Sapna , Sharma Deepak , Joshi Hem Chandra 
Published: December 2021

Research Purpose. The study aimed to develop a discriminant model for cricketers on the basis of physiological & anthropometric variables. Material and Methods. The study included sixty female seniors BCCI board players representing five different states with mean age 23.4 ± 2.03, mean height 152.1 ± 3.44, and mean weight 52.4 ± 4.21. A multivariate technique was used to predict the cricket performance by classifying the players into batsmen and pace bowlers on the basis of selected physiological & anthropometrical variables. Results. All the assumptions were positively full-filled (Shapiro-Wilk test p > 0.05 and F = 8.121, p = 0.264 for Box’sM test) for applying discriminant analysis to develop the model. A total of eleven performance variables were initially selected for the study and after applying the stepwise statistical technique of discriminant analysis, the model selected certain variables, namely Muscle Mass (1.311), Fat (-0.182) & Shoulder Diameter (0.292) and showed its effectiveness as the Eigenvalue for the fit model was 0.848. Conclusion. A discriminant function F1 = -29.531 + (1.311 × Muscle Mass) + (-0.182 × Fat) + (0.292 × Shoulder Diameter) was developed. The percentage of total variation explained by the model was 71.9%. A total of 93.2% of the observations were correctly classified using the proposed discriminant model.
Modeling of Appropriate Norms of Physical Readiness of Pre-Conscription Youth for Service in the Army
Authors: Krutsevich Tatiana , Panhelova Natalia , Trachuk Sergii , Kuibida Viktor , Pidleteychuk Roman , Panhelov Boris 
Published: December 2021

Research purpose: is a substantiation and modeling of appropriate norms of physical readiness of youth for service in the army.
Materials and Methods. The expert group included 21 specialists (whose field of activity is physical education, special training, physical training in the security and defense forces). The following research methods were used to solve the problem posed in the work: theoretical analysis, comparison, systematization and generalization of materials of scientific, historical, methodical literature and guiding documents; expert evaluation (Delphi and analysis of Saati hierarchies); methods of mathematical statistics.
Results. It is determined that even simple statistical methods in combination with expert information when choosing promising solutions often give better results than accurate calculations with a focus on averages. A comprehensive approach using peer review (Delphi), a method of modern theory of hierarchical systems Saati allowed to determine the structure of the projected model of physical fitness of young people for military service. The structural interconnected components of the predicted model with the corresponding weighting factors are the level of formation and development of general and special physical qualities (ρ1 = 0.411), the level of formation and development of special physical qualities (ρ2 = 0.235), the level of acquisition of military applied motor skills (ρ3 = 0.216), the state of the cardiovascular system (ρ4 = 0.138).
Conclusions. The presented structural predictable model of integrated assessment of physical readiness of youth for service in the army allows to define limits of levels of components and to estimate their level of formation in points from 1 to 12, and also to correct the maintenance of means of physical training depending on such components which lag behind a proper norm.
Analysis of the External and Internal Load in 5vs5 Large Sided Games: Differences Between Different Sized Fields
Authors: Cofano Giacomo , D’Elia Francesca , Piccinno Andrea , Sannicandro Italo 
Published: December 2021

The study purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyze and understand the internal and external load in Large Sided Games (LSG) exercises carried out on fields of different sizes, defined as Small – Large Sided Games (SLSG) and Big – Large Sided Games (BLSG), according to the different square meters assigned to each player.
Materials and methods. 22 professional soccer players (average age: 23.59 ± 4.87 years, weight: 77.8 ± 7.6 kg, height: 183.5 ± 7.5 cm, age training: 13.1 ± 1.7). The LSG exercises were carried out on a 60 x 54 m field (270 m2/player), defined as "small" (SLSG) and on a 65 x 60 m field (325 m2/player) defined as "big" (BLSG). During the two LSG exercises, the internal load and the external load were analyzed. LSG exercises were performed with 4 sets of 5 minutes each, with 2 minutes of passive recovery between each set.
Results. The results of the internal load analysis show how the LSG carried out on a SLSG field provides higher and more significant HR values (p < 0.0005) than those emerged during the exercise carried out on a BLSG field. The RPE value is also higher during the SLSG, although statistically no significant difference appears. The analysis of the external load in relation with the observed parameters shows higher values in the BLSG, except for the number of accelerations.
Conclusions. In terms of external and internal load, the results of this study showed how the difference of 55 m2/player can radically change the configuration of the two exercises. These differences allow to use both dimensions within a micro-cycle, but in sessions with different goals. The most appropriate sessions for LSGs are the first post-match session in which the rest day is not gone and the fourth session 3 days before the match.
Some Remarks on Legal Education in Bulgaria
Authors: Belova G. , Georgieva G. 
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to provide in-depth analysis of legal education in Bulgaria since it is of paramount significance for the creation of well-trained lawyers for the state, local authorities, as well as the judicial system. The historical method was used to examine the system of the Bulgarian legal education that has been developing for about 130 years and has gone through numerous difficulties.The comparative and juxtaposition approach were utilsed in the research to help in making inferences about the present situation regarding legal education in Bulgaria. Now there are nine law schools that deepen international co-operation and adapt their curricula to respond to the changes in national and European legislation.It takes five years to receive a legal education in Bulgaria and the process ends with a Master’s degree in Law (LLM). There is no Bachelor degree in Law (LLB in other European countries) in our country.All in all, the main objective of this article is to look at the Bulgarian legal education in the past and nowadays. The paper attempts to show that legal education in Bulgaria is faced with diverse challenges of the new millennium. The process of globalization as well as the recent situation with COVID-19 make it necessary to add information technologies and distant learning forms to legal education.
Комсорг Советского Союза
Authors: Ильинский Игорь Михайлович 
Published: December 2021

<p>В статье представлены размышления ректора Московского гуманитарного университета профессора И. М. Ильинского о книге выдающегося деятеля Ленинского комсомола Е. М. Тяжельникова, вышедшей в 2021 г. Автор статьи пишет о том, в какую эпоху Е. М. Тяжельников возглавил комсомольскую организацию; говорит о личностных качествах первого секретаря ЦК ВЛКСМ, его вкладе в развитие комсомола. Особо в статье отмечается факт создания Е. М. Тяжельниковым Высшей комсомольской школы при ЦК ВЛКСМ (сегодня — Московский гуманитарный университет). Большую ценность представляет то, что автор статьи многие годы был лично знаком с Е. М. Тяжельниковым, работал вместе с ним, что составляет основу для глубоко личных воспоминаний автора об этом удивительном человеке.</p>
Утилитаризм и пандемия: эпистемологическая утопия как modus operandi
Authors: Белялетдинов Роман Рифатович 
Published: December 2021

<p>Утилитаризм в качестве этической теории приобрел особое значение во время пандемии и стал крайне востребованной моделью принятия решений. Вместе с тем обнаружились ограничения, препятствующие широкому распространению утилитаристского подхода. Предметное понимание блага и проблема оценки рисков определили границу утилитаристских методов, а столкновение ценностных и конечных благ стало особенно выраженным. Для принятия решений, ограничивающих права и свободы, утилитаризм нуждается в точных статистических данных, на основании которых можно рассчитать приумножение глобального блага и оценить вред, наносимый ограничительными мерами. Глобальные процессы, такие как введение локдауна, достаточно сложно поддаются моделированию, так же, как и методы оценки, могут обладать различными подходами и достоверностью и нуждаются в постоянном критическом анализе. Сохранение базовых свобод и прозрачность исследований, неидеологизация и повышение доверия позволяют с наименьшими усилиями и гораздо более успешно бороться с эпидемией на основе информационной открытости и рационального убеждения. Эмоциональное и психологическое давление, заложенное в утилитаризм как ограничение индивидуальных интересов ради общего блага и невозможность определить истинную ценность каждой отдельной жизни, заставляет относиться к утилитаристской системе принятия решений с большой долей осторожностью. </p><p>В статье анализируются теоретическая и практическая проблемы применения утилитаризма как системы принятия решений во время пандемии и делается вывод о невозможности абсолютизации утилитаристских методов при реализации регулятивных подходов.</p><p> </p>
Clinical characteristics and predictive mortality risk factors in hospitalised children with COVID-19 illness during the first and second wave: single centre experiences from a tertiary paediatric hospital in Mumbai
Authors: Prabhu Shakuntala S. , Gavali Vrushabh S. , Mathur Radhika , Rao Sudha , Shobhawat Lakshmi , Venkatesh Sumitra , Prabhu Sanjay , Bodhanwala Minnie 
Published: December 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected both adults and children alike. It presented in cluster of cases in short period of time all across the world. In India, there were two such clusters called as first and second wave. World over mortality was more in adults than in children. But, few children also had severe disease during these waves. Also, some presented with inflammatory state secondary to COVID-19 infection which is called as Multisystem Inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). As major population affected with severe disease were older people this disease in initial phases was most studied in this population. It is thus necessary to observe and analyse disease manifestations, pattern and risk factors in children and also contrast these variables between the two waves. The objectives of the study was to compare and contrast clinico-demographic parameters and outcome predictors in children admitted with COVID-19 during the first and second waves.Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study comparing aforementioned parameters of children (with and without co-morbidity) admitted with COVID-19 infection between the two waves of pandemic in a tertiary care public pediatric hospital in Western Maharashtra.Results: First wave had 176 cases admitted over six months while the second wave had 185 cases over only three months. While proportion of cases with pneumonia requiring ICU stay was significantly higher in wave 2, those with MIS-C requiring inotropes was higher in wave 1. There was no difference in other clinico-demographic parameters of these cases irrespective of co-morbidity. Pneumonia, severe disease, hypoxia, need for inotropes or ICU care predicted poor outcome in both the waves.Conclusions: Though the pattern of presentation was different, the clinico-demographic variables and predictors of mortality were comparable between the two waves.
Utility of pneumococcal vaccine among elderly population in buraidah primary health care centers
Authors: Alawaji Sulaiman A. , Kalevaru Chandra S. 
Published: December 2021

Background: People with chronic diseases tend to land up with high mortality and morbidity. Objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of Pneumococcal vaccine utility among the 50 years and above age group population, to find the demographic profile, the knowledge of PCV among the general population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted randomly in 6 primary health care centers in Buraidah city, Saudi Arabia from the aged 50 years and above population. Sample size was calculated by using WHO statistical software for sample size determination, the result of sample size was 236 participants. A interview-based questionnaire was used after obtaining consent from each participant. Data entered and analyzed using the SPSS software 21.0 version. For categorical analysis, chi square test was applied.Results: In the present study, a total of 202 samples of the population has participated and response rate was 86%. About only 12.9% (26/202) of study population taken PCV vaccine in the study. About 79.7% were having different chronic diseases. About 83.7% were given a response as PCV prevents the disease. There was statistically significant association was observed between different levels of education and chronic heart disease with PCV vaccination status (p<0.05).Conclusions: Based on the study results, Pneumococcal vaccination coverage was low, in comparison with Riyadh study in 2018; our study vaccination coverage was more. Still need Health promotional measures among the general public to increase the coverage of PCV.
Surgical management of septic knee arthritis with open arthrotomy and debridement-a case report
Authors: Mahajan Neetin Pralhad , Pande Kartik Prashant , Dadhaniya Ravi Rameshbhai , Talukder Pritam 
Published: December 2021

<p>Septic arthritis is an inflammatory destruction of the native joint following inoculation of pathogen. Most common organisms causing septic arthritis are <em>Staphylococcus</em> and <em>Streptococcus</em>. Large joints are commonly involved with hip and knee joint accounting for approximately 60% of the total cases. Diagnosis is usually straightforward with the patient presenting with obvious local signs and symptoms along with toxic constitutional symptoms owing to the aggressive nature of the disease. Medical management in form of intra-venous antibiotics forms the mainstay of treatment but it is often required for a prompt surgical intervention in order to provide acute relief from symptom and also to decrease the disease load so as to save the joint from irreversible damage. We have a 63-year-old male patient came presented to us with a right knee swelling and tenderness of 3 weeks duration with restricted ROM with severe toxic constitutional symptoms of 1 week duration. Patient was planned for open arthrotomy and debridement and drainage of the pus and was started on an empirical therapy of injection piperacillin and tazobactam combination for 3 weeks. Immediate relief from symptoms following arthrotomy with good range of motion at 4 weeks post-surgery. As is clear from our case, an early diagnosis of septic arthritis and starting of appropriate antibiotics along with appropriately aggressive surgical interventions in the form of open debridement is the key for treatment of septic arthritis in order to save the joint from irreversible inflammatory damage. Surgical intervention not only gives immediate symptomatic relief but also decreases the load over antibiotics and increases local blood supply subsequently helping in better healing.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Effect of different irrigation porotocols on root dentine micro-hardness-An invitro study
Authors: Choudhary Ashish , Kour Sukhbir , Malik Azhar 
Published: December 2021

IIrrigation solutions used and time of use has a definite effect on the micro hardness & other physical properties of dentin which in turn have direct consequence on the longevity functional performance of root canal treated teeth. To evaluate the effect of different irrigation solutions on micro hardness of root dentin.Forty extracted single rooted lower premolars were used. After instrumentation all the root halves were randomly assigned into 4groups (n=10) and brought in contact with one of the following irrigants for 5 minutes. Group I: 10 ml of 5% Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl).Group II: 10 ml of 17% ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) followed by 10 ml of 5% NaOCl.Group III: 10 ml of 5% NaOCl followed by 10 ml of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX).Group IV: 10 ml of 5% NaOCL followed by flush of 10 ml distilled water then by 10ml of 2% CHX. Dentin micro hardness was measured at baseline and after treatment to determine the change in micro hardness, using Vickers tester.Data was analyzed using following parametric tests t-test, ANOVA test and Post Hoc test. Group II ie final irrigation with EDTA showed the highest percentage decrease in micro hardness values, followed by group III, then group IV and the lowest was group I. All groups showed a significant difference between each other (P &#60; 0.05), except group III and IV. The coronal third showed the highest percentage decrease with significant difference between apical and middle thirds (P &#60; 0.05).EDTA with NaOCl causes greatest changes in dentine micro hardness, an intermediate flush with normal saline should be given for prevention of precipitation with NaOCl & CHX.
Evaluation of possible reasons for asymmetries associated with Class II subdivision, Class II division 1 and normal malocclusion
Authors: Ratan Velagapalli Jessie , Kumar Kiran , Krishna K Ravi , Prasad S Eswar , Pavan K  , Siddhartha N  , Naresh V  
Published: December 2021

: To evaluate and compare the asymmetries in subjects with two malocclusions that is Class II subdivision, Class II div 1 and normal occlusion.: 90 subjects ranging from 15 to 30 years divided into 3 groups A, B, C. Group A – Class II subdivision, Group B – Class II division I, Group C – Normal Class I occlusion. Angular, linear paired, linear unpaired measurements were calculated based on the Van De Coppell analysis using PA views.: Asymmetry was found in all the three groups where Group A patients showed greater degree of asymmetry near maxillary buttress and piriform aperture areas compared to the three groups. Group C patients showed greater degree of asymmetry in the occlusal plane angle. All the three malocclusions that is Class II div 1 Subdivision, Class II div 1 and Class I malocclusions showed equal amounts of asymmetry. Class II subdivision patients showed greater asymmetry near maxillary buttress area and piriform aperture. Class I malocclusion showed deviation in occlusal plane angle. Along with the lower third involving mandible, maxillary area also can equally show asymmetry in both skeletal and dental parameters.
Екосистема та регулювання фінансової інклюзії в Україні
Authors: Запорожець Світлана , Тригуб Юлія 
Published: December 2021

У статті досліджено сутність поняття фінансової інклюзії з позиції формування екосистеми взаємозалежних детермінант її забезпечення, обґрунтовано роль регуляторної складової як важливої передумови забезпечення фінансової інклюзії та визначено регуляторні напрями активізації розвитку фінансової інклюзії в Україні.
Fluid Intake Status and its Relationship with Cognitive Impairment among Elderlies of Naein City, Iran
Authors: Kaseb Fatemeh , Motavalian Zahra , Fallahzadeh Hossein 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Water, as one of the most essential nutrients, is involved in almost all biochemical processes of the human body. Although different degrees of dehydration have various symptoms such as physical and mental decline, severe dehydration is associated with decreased survival capacity in the physiological environment of the body that can put individuals, especially the elderly, at the risk of death. The present study aimed to determine the status of fluid intake and its association with cognitive impairments in the elderly people of Naein City in 2018.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 225 randomly selected elderlies in Naein City. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire, Mini–Mental State Examination, and 24-hour food recall questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test and chi-square via SPSS software.
Results: The mean of total fluid intake was 2637.05 ± 772.35 ml / day. Among 225 participants, 36.4%, 37.3%, and 26.2% had normal, mild, and moderate cognitive impairment, respectively. Cognitive impairment had a significant relationship with gender, occupational status, level of education, marital status, and place of residence (p < 0.05). No significant relationship was observed between the mean of water consumption and cognitive impairment (p = 0.6).
Conclusion: The amount of fluid intake in elderly people living in Naein City was at a satisfactory level. Since no significant relationship was observed between the amount of fluid intake and cognitive impairments and more than half of the participants had cognitive impairments, we hypothesize that other factors are involved in prevalent of cognitive impairment.