bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Transcriptomic Responses of Two Chrysanthemum Morifolium Cultivars to Low Light
Authors: Han Shuang , Zhang Qingchen , Zhu Xiaoqin , Pei Dongli 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Low light is a primary regulator of chrysanthemum growth. Herein, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis of leaf samples from the ‘Nannonggongfen’ and ‘Nannongxuefeng’ chrysanthemum cultivars following a 5-day exposure to optimal light (70%, control [CK]) or low-light (20%, LL) conditions. Gene Ontology (GO) classification of upregulated genes revealed these genes to be associated with 11 cellular components, 9 molecular functions, and 15 biological processes, with the majority being localized to the chloroplast, highlighting the role of chloroplast proteins as regulators of shading tolerance. Downregulated genes were associated with 11 cellular components, 8 molecular functions, and 16 biological processes. Heat map analyses suggested that basic helix–loop–helix domain genes and elongation factors were markedly downregulated in ‘Nannongxuefeng’ leaves, consistent with the maintenance of normal stem length, whereas no comparable changes were observed in ‘Nanonggongfen’ leaves. Subsequent qPCR analyses revealed that phytochrome-interacting factors and dormancy-associated genes were significantly upregulated under LL conditions relative to CK conditions, while succinate dehydrogenase 1, elongated hypocotyls 5, and auxin-responsive gene of were significantly downregulated under LL conditions. These findings suggest that LL plants were significantly lower than those of the CK plants. Low-light tolerant chrysanthemum cultivars may maintain reduced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and elongation factor expression as a means of preventing the onset of shade-avoidance symptoms.
Short-Term Pretreatment of Naringin Isolated from Citrus Wilsonii Tanaka Attenuates Rat Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Cheng Liping , Liu Hangxiu , Li Xuefei , Liu Wenting , Zhao Lili , Du Hongzhi , Hu Xiaorong , Ma Zhaocheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Pretreatment or treatment with anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, or anti-oxidative approaches could be critical for reducing the occurrence of myocardial I/R injury. Naringin, a natural flavonoid, plays important roles in inflammation-related diseases. Immature dry fruits of Citrus wilsonii Tanaka (Xiang Yuan) are rich in naringin that can be used as traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammation-related symptoms. However, its roles in cardioprotective role remain unclear. This study aimed to isolate naringin from Citrus wilsonii Tanaka fruit and test their cardioprotective effect. The dry fruits of Citrus wilsonii Tanaka were extracted with boiling water and then supernatants were freeze-dried to yiled aqueous extract (ZQAE). The extract was chemoprofiled using UPLC-MS/MS to stand for major constituents, then subjected to different chromatographic separation steps and naringin was isolated in a high yield. The cardioprotective effect of the aqueous extract of ZQAE and naringin were investigated in a myocardial I/R rat model and to elucidate the mechanism underlying its cardioprotective effect. Naringin was successfully isolated from ZQAE powder by recrystallization in a very high yield. Our results indicated that 5-day ZQAE and naringin pretreatment both promoted histopathological changes and reduced myocardial enzymes induced by I/R. Moreover, the 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg ZQAE doses pretreatment presented a striking decreased the infarct size as well as myocardial enzyme levels but also inhibited myocardial apoptosis, the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. The cardioprotective effect of 5mg/kg dose of naringin pretreatment is comparable with that of 5mg/kg drug ditiazem pretreatment. Additionally, Naringin pretreatment exhibited striking decreases in the apoptosis index and downregulation of cleaved-Caspase3 protein expression. Meanwhile, naringin downregulated HMGB1 expression and upregulated SIRT1 expression in the myocardium. These findings suggest that short-term pretreatment with ZQAE and naringin both protect against myocardial I/R injury by suppressing myocardial apoptosis, the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. The cardioprotective effect of naringin involves SIRT1 activation and may interact with HMGB1 and inhibit the release of HMGB1.
Insecticidal Effect of Ethnobotanical Plant Extracts Against Anopheles Arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) Under Laboratory Condition
Authors: Fereda Desta Ejeta , Asme Ansha , Asefa Animut 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe emergence and spread of resistant strains of malaria vectors to chemical insecticides are becoming major problem for malaria vector management. Natural plant products play a vital role to resolve the current challenge of malaria control. ObjectiveThe current study was conducted to evaluate insecticidal effect of ethnobotanical plant extracts against the primary malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis in Northwestern Ethiopia. MethodsPrimarily, ethnobotanical plants used for Anopheles mosquito control was surveyed in Dangur district, Northwestern Ethiopia. Insecticide susceptible strains of Anopheles arabiensis mosquito were reared in insectary of tropical and infectious diseases research center, Assosa university. The larvicidal and adulticidal potentials of frequently used plant extracts against susceptible strains of laboratory colony were evaluated. ResultA total of fifteen plants were identified as ethnobotanical plants helping the local people for mosquito control. Azadirachta indica, Ocimum lamiifolium, Ocimum americanum, Moringa olifiera leaf, and Moringa olifiera seed species of local plants were found to be frequently used to kill and/or repel mosquitoes in the study district. All the plant extracts were found to have potential larvicidal activity against 4th instar larvae of An. arabiensis and only ethanol and methanol extract of A. indica and O. lamiifolium were found to have potential adulticidal effect against adult of An. arabiensis. The highest larvicidal activity was observed in ethanol extract of A. indica with 95% larval mortality and lowest LC50 of 40.73 ppm and LC90 of 186.66 ppm. The highest adulticidal activity was observed in methanol extract of A. indica with 75% adult mortality at 300 ppm and lowest LC50 of 106.65ppm and LC90 of 1293ppm. The lowest larvicidal and adulticidal activity was observed in methanol extracts of O. lamiifolium with 63.35% larval mortality and leaf extract of M. olifiera with 50% adult mortality at 300 ppm, respectively. Conclusionethanol extract of A. indica exerted a remarkable larvicidal effect against An. arabiensis and thus it can be used for botanical mosquito insecticide development.
Mesh-like Electrospun Membrane Loaded With Atorvastatin Facilitates Cutaneous Wound Healing by Promoting The Paracrine Function Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Xiang Jieyu , Zhou Ling , Xie Yuanlong , Zhu Yufan , Xiao Lingfei , Chen Yan , Zhou Wei , Chen Danyang , Wang Min , Cai Lin , Guo Liang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:The Functional electrospun membrane was a promising strategy to promote wound healing, however, the microstructure and drug loading of the membranes still need further improvement. Here, we designed a novel mesh-like electrospun fibrous loaded with atorvastatin and investigated the effect on the paracrine secretion of BMSCs and wound healing.Methods:We fabricated a mesh-like electrospun membrane by using the copper mesh receiver. Physical properties of the membranes were characterized with Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Tensile Strength Analysis and Contrast Angle Test. The drug Release was measured with a concentration curve of certain times. In vitro, we tested the effect of conditioned-medium (CM) from BMSCs on the migration and pro-angiogenic function of endothelial cells and used the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) genes in BMSCs. Furthermore, a wound model of rat was established, the atorvastatin loaded mesh-like membranes (PCL/MAT) seeded with BMSCs were used as artificial skin to evaluate the wound-healing efficiency.Results:The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy reveals the successful loading of atorvastatin in mesh-like membranes (PCL/MAT). Compared with the random electrospun fibrous (PCL/R) and the mesh-like electruspun fibrous without drug-loading (PCL/M), PCL/MAT has the strongest effect on the migration of HUVECs. The scratches were almost closed after 24h of cell migration in the PCL/MAT group, whereas the scratches maintained a distance for the other groups. The effect of the PCL/MAT group was significant on the pro-angiogenic function of endothelial cells with obviously higher tube length than those of the other groups. And all above corresponding to the increased VEGF and b-FGF gene expression of BMSC in the RT-PCR. In vivo, PCL/MAT seeded with BMSCs significantly accelerated the speed of healing, improved the neovascularization and collagen reconstruction in the wound area compared with the other groups.Conclusions:Mesh-like topography of fibrous scaffolds with atorvastatin releasing can provide unique microenvironment that benefiting paracrine of BMSCs and migration and pro-angiogenic function of endothelial cells, thus accelerating wound healing. It's a novel strategy to design electrospun membranes for wound treatment
Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) genetic variants influence expression levels and disease outcome in HIV-1 chronically infected patients
Authors: Mlimi Hlelolwenkosi , Naidoo Kewreshini K. , Mabuka Jenniffer , Ndung’u Thumbi , Madlala Paradise 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) also known as Tetherin (CD317/HM1.24), is a host restriction factor that blocks the release of HIV-1 virions from infected cells. Previous studies reported that BST-2 genetic variants or single nucleotide polymorphims (SNPs) have a preventative role during HIV-1 infection. However, the influence of BST-2 SNPs on expression levels remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the inffluence of BST-2 SNPs on expression levels and disease outcome in HIV-1 subtype C chronically infected antiretroviral therapy naïve individuals.ResultsWe quantified BST-2 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), determined BST-2 protein expression on the surface of CD4 + T cells using flow cytometry and genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs919267, rs919266 and rs9576 using TaqMan assays from HIV-1 uninfected and infected participants. Determined the ability of plasma antibody levels to meadiate andibodydependenet cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) using gp120 consensus C and p24 subtype B/C protein. Fc receptor-mediated NK cell degranulation was evaluated as a surrogate for ADCC activity using plasma from HIV-1 positive participants. BST-2 mRNA expression levels in PBMCs and protein levels on CD4 + T cells were lower in HIV-1 infected compared to uninfected participants (p=0.075 and p=0.005, respectively). rs919267CT (p=0.042) and rs919267TT (p=0.045) were associated with lower BST-2 mRNA expression levels compared to rs919267CC in HIV-1 uninfected participants. In HIV-1 infected participants, rs919267CT associated with lower CD4 count, (p=0.003), gp120-IgG1 (p=0.040), gp120-IgG3 (p=0.016) levels and but higher viral load (p=0.001) while rs919267TT was associated with lower BST-2 mRNA levels (p=0.046), CD4 counts (p=0.001), gp120-IgG1 levels (p=0.033) but higher plasma viral load (p=0.007). Conversely, rs9576CA was associated with higher BST-2 mRNA expression levels (p=0.027), CD4 counts (p=0.079), gp120-IgG1 (p=0.009), -IgG3 (p=0.039) levels and but with lower viral load (p=0.037). However, there was not correlation between BST-2 SNPs, p24-IgG subclass, ADCC and ADCP activity. ConclusionOur findings show that bst- 2 SNPs mediate BST-2 expression and disease outcome, correlate with gp120-IgG1, gp120-IgG3 levels but p24-IgG levels, ADCC and ADCP activity. Future studies should investigate the role of BST-2 polymorphic variants on improving myeloid dentritic cell (DC) activation and MHC class II antigene presentation.
Development and Validation a Prediction Model to Recurrence in Borderline Ovarian Tumor Patients with Fertility-Preserving Surgery
Authors: He Yunan , Hu Shunjie , Zhong Jiaojiao , Yang Hui , Shan Nianchun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: To identify prognostic factors in patients with borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) and establish and validate a nomogram predicting recurrence in BOT patients treated with fertility-preserving surgery.Methods: Patients with BOT who underwent surgery at two institutions between January 2000 and June 2017 were included and categorized into training and validation cohorts. Univariate log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were performed in the training cohort to identify prognostic factors, and a nomogram was developed to predict the recurrence rate. The model was validated by calculating the C-index and drawing the calibration curve and receiver operating curve (ROC).Results: In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, practice period, past history of benign ovarian disease, past history of benign breast disease, elevated CA125 levels, elevated CA199 levels, surgical methods, greater omentum resection, FIGO stage, postoperative pregnancy, and re-operation were independently associated with recurrence-free survival (p<0.05). The aforementioned prognostic factors were used to develop a nomogram. The nomogram demonstrated a good ability to predict the risk of recurrence (training cohort C-index: 0.866, validation cohort C-index: 0.920). The calibration curve suggested that the predicted recurrence-free survival was closely related to the actual recurrence. ROC analysis showed that the nomogram had a good discriminatory power with the area under curve between 0.776 and 0.956. Conclusions: The nomogram can predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year recurrence-free survival of BOT patients undergoing fertility-preserving surgery. The predictive model can help guide surgical plans, postoperative monitoring, and prognostic evaluation of BOT patients.
Relationship of Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio with coronary artery disease and plaque composition of coronary artery
Authors: Wang Ruopeng , Gu Hui , Ji Congshan , Gao Yan , Gao Lin , Qin Songnan , Wang Ximing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Evidence suggests that the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been considered as useful marker for identifying individuals under risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and associated events, a more powerful predictor than any other leukocyte subtypes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate association of NLR with CAD and plaque composition of coronary artery analyzed from coronary CT angiography (CCTA). The study population consisted of 469 patients who underwent CCTA due to stable typical or atypical chest pain. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups and three groups according to coronary artery stenosis and tertiles of NLR, respectively. The plaque burden, volume and ratio of calcified, lipid and fibrous components of plaques were measured based on CCTA images. Chi-square, Student’s test, ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U test, KruskalWallis test and multiple logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Compared with non-CAD group, NLR was significantly higher in CAD group(P = 0.001). The non-calcified plaque volume, fibrotic plaque volume and lipid plaque volume increased with the NLR (P༜0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR was an independent risk factor for CAD(OR: 1.792, 95CI 1.067–3.011, P < 0.05). The present study demonstrated that NLR is associated with both the CAD and non-calcified plaque volume of coronary artery.
In-silico genome wide identification, expressional profiling and regulation of NHX (Sodium/ Hydrogen Antiporter) gene family in Camellia sinensis
Authors: Paul Abhirup , Chatterjee Archita , Subrahmanya shreya , Shen Guoxin , Mishra Neelam 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Salt stress affects the plant growth and productivity worldwide and NHX is one of those genes that are well known to improve salt tolerance in transgenic plants. It is well characterized in several plants such as Arabidopsis and cotton however not much is known about NHXs in tea plant.
Result

In the present study, NHX genes of tea were obtained through a genome wide search using Arabidopsis thaliana as reference genome. Out of the 9 NHX genes in tea, 7 genes were localized in vacuole while the remaining 2 genes were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (TEA014468.1) and plasma membrane (PM) (TEA006997.1) respectively. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships along with structural analysis which includes gene structure, location as well as protein conserved motifs and domains, were systematically examined and further, predictions were validated by the expression analysis. The dN/dS values show that the majority of tea NHX genes are subjected to strong purifying selection under the course of evolution. Also, functional interaction was carried out in C. sinensis based on the orthologous genes in Arabidopsis. The expression profiles linked to various stress treatments revealed wide involvement of NHX genes from tea in response to various abiotic factors.
Conclusion

This study provides the targets for further comprehensive identification, functional study, and also contributed for a better understanding of the NHX regulatory network in C. sinensis.
Atherogenic index of plasma is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Fu Liyao , Zhou Ying , Sun Jiaxing , Zhu Zhaowei , Xing Zhenhua , Zhou Shenghua , Wang Yongjun , Tai Shi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Previous studies have reported the prognostic value of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in the course of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the utility of the AIP for prediction is unknown among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods

This was a secondary analysis of the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study which randomized 10,251 patients with long-lasting T2DM. ROC curve analysis was used to determine an optimal threshold for AIP and the study population was divided into high and low AIP groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to find the association between AIP and primary (MACEs) and second outcomes (all-cause mortality). Stratified analyses were performed to control the confounding factors.
Results

AIP was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of T2DM (HR = 1.309; 95% CI, 1.084–1.581; P = 0.005). The threshold for AIP was determined to be 0.34 among the study population. After adjustments for confounding factors, multivariate analysis showed that AIP was associated with the risk of MACEs (Model 1: HR = 1.333, 95%CI: 1.205–1.474, P༜0.001; Model 2: HR = 1.171, 95%CI: 1.030–1.333, P = 0.016; Model 3: HR = 1.194, 95%CI: 1.049–1.360, P = 0.007) and all-cause mortality (Model 1: HR = 1.184, 95%CI: 1.077–1.303, P༜0.001), especially cardiovascular deaths (Model 1: HR = 1.422, 95%CI: 1.201–1.683, P༜0.001; Model 3: HR = 1.264, 95%CI: 1.015–1.573, P = 0.036) and nonfatal myocardial infarction (Model 1: HR = 1.447, 95%CI: 1.255–1.669, P༜0.001; Model 2: HR = 1.252, 95%CI: 1.045–1.499, P = 0.015; Model 3: HR = 1.284, 95%CI: 1.071–1.539, P = 0.007). Subgroup stratified analyses showed that AIP might interact with gender, a classical risk factor of cardiovascular events.
Conclusions

Our study showed that AIP might be a strong biomarker that could be used to predict the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with T2DM.
A Widespread Characteristic Estimation Analysis of Photovoltaic: Mayfly Algorithm Application
Authors: KOCKANAT SERDAR 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In recent years, traditional energy sources have begun to give way to alternative and renewable energy sources such as solar energy. Therefore, the interest in the use of solar cells in energy production is increasing by researchers and practitioners. In literature, performance and control improvement studies are carried out in order to generate more energy by using solar cells effectively. To increase performance and control, several solar cell models are developed such as one diode ad double diode models. They are very effective but there is a problem of accurate and efficient estimation of parameters in these models. Recently, to overcome this problem, metaheuristic algorithms have been used in literature. In this paper, for the first time, a novel swarm based Mayfly algorithm (MA) is proposed to characteristic parameter estimation of photovoltaic models. To analyze the estimation performance of MA, single and double diode model are applied for silicon R.T.C. France, poly-crystalline Photowatt-PWP-201 and mono-crystalline STM-40/36 solar cells. Obtained results are compared with those of the well-known algorithms suggested in literature. Also, current-voltage and power-voltage characteristic are constructed using estimated parameters by MA. The results show that the MA is right choice for accurate and effective parameter estimation of photovoltaic cells.
A new physiologically realistic and clinically relevant model of sleep apnoea for investigating it’s effect as a comorbidity on neurodegenerative disease
Authors: Roberts Reno , Wall Mark , Braren Ingke , Dhillion Karendheep , Evans Amy , Dunne Jack , Nyakupinda Simbarashe , Huckstepp Robert 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sleep apnoea is a highly prevalent disease but often goes undetected and is associated with poor clinical prognoses when combined with many different disease states. However, most animal models of sleep apnoea (e.g., intermittent hypoxia) have recently been dispelled as physiologically unrealistic. Due to a lack of appropriate models, little is known about the causative link between sleep apnoea and it’s co-morbidities. To overcome these problems, we have created a realistic animal model of moderate sleep apnoea by reducing the excitability of the respiratory network. This has been achieved through controlled genetically-mediated lesions to the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC), the inspiratory oscillator. This novel model shows increases in sleep disordered breathing with alterations in breathing during wakefulness (decreased frequency and increased tidal volume) as observed clinically. The increase in apnoea episodes leads to a reduction in REM sleep, with all lost active sleep being spent in an awake state. The increase in hypoxic and hypercapnia insults leads to both systemic and neural inflammation. Alterations in neurophysiology, an inhibition of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), reflect deficits in both long and short term spatial memory. This new physiologically relevant and clinically realistic model of sleep apnoea may be the key to understanding why sleep apnoea has such far reaching and often fatal effects on end organ function.