bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-dimensional Schwarzschild black holes in scalar–tensor–vector gravity theory
Authors: Cai Xin-Chang , Miao Yan-Gang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe obtain a high-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole solution in the scalar–tensor–vector gravity (STVG), and then analyze the influence of parameter $$\alpha $$
α
associated with a deviation of the STVG theory from General Relativity on event horizons and Hawking temperature. We calculate the quasinormal mode frequencies of massless scalar field perturbations for the high-dimensional Schwarzschild STVG black hole by using the sixth-order WKB approximation method and the unstable null geodesic method in the eikonal limit. The results show that the increase of parameter $$\alpha $$
α
makes the scalar waves decay slowly, while the increase of the spacetime dimension makes the scalar waves decay fast. In addition, we study the influence of parameter $$\alpha $$
α
on the shadow radius of this high-dimensional Schwarzschild STVG black hole and find that the increase of parameter $$\alpha $$
α
makes the black hole shadow radius increase, but the increase of the spacetime dimension makes the black hole shadow radius decrease. Finally, we investigate the energy emission rate of the high-dimensional Schwarzschild STVG black hole, and find that the increase of parameter $$\alpha $$
α
makes the evaporation process slow, while the increase of the spacetime dimension makes the process fast.
Magnetoelectric boundary simulated by a Chern–Simons-like model
Authors: Oliveira H. L. , Borges L. H. C. , Barone F. E. , Barone F. A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work we study some physical phenomena that emerge in the vicinity of a magnetoelectric boundary. For simplicity, we restrict to the case of a planar boundary described by a coupling between the gauge field with a planar external Chern–Simons-like potential. The results are obtained exactly. We compute the correction undergone by the photon propagator due to the presence of the Chern–Simons coupling and we investigate the interaction between a stationary point-like charge and the magnetoelectric boundary. In the limit of a perfect mirror, where the coupling constant between the field and the potential diverges, we recover the image method. For a non perfect mirror, we show that we have an attenuated image charge and, in addition, an image magnetic monopole whose field strength does not exhibit the presence of the undesirable and artificial divergences introduced by Dirac strings. We also study the interaction between the plate and a quantum particle with spin. In this case we have a kind of charge-magnetic dipole interaction due to the magnetoelectric properties of the plate.
Observations on Performing Sine Waves with an Oscillator Ensemble
Authors: Bernier Nicolas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Founded in 2016 at Université de Montréal, Ensemble d’oscillateurs (French for “Oscillator Ensemble”) brings together 10 musicians around old analog test equipment oscillators that produce audio sine waves. The ensemble performs new compositions while also arranging early electronic pieces. In parallel, the project has developed itself as a space to gather information and reflect on sine wave–based music. In this article, the author presents some of the key considerations and challenges in the formation of Ensemble d’oscillateurs. Based on observations made throughout the development of a body of work using these audio oscillators, he then aims to open a discussion on some aspects of the historical trajectory of the use of sine waves in modern music.
Who (or What) Is an AI Artist?
Authors: Browne Kieran 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The mainstream contemporary art world is suddenly showing interest in AI art. While this has enlivened the practice, there remains significant disagreement over who or what actually deserves to be called an AI artist. This article examines several claimants to the term and grounds these in art history and theory. It addresses the controversial elevation of some artists over others and accounts for these choices, arguing that the art market alienates AI artists from their work. Finally, it proposes that AI art’s interactions with art institutions have not promoted new creative possibilities but have instead reinforced conservative forms and aesthetics.
Art Exists Because the Viewer Exists: How François Morellet’s Triple X Neonly Influences Postural Control and Subjective Aesthetic Appreciation
Authors: Ward Lindsey M. , Morize Aurélien , Vernet Marine , Antoniades Chrystalina , Kapoula Zoï 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The authors study the effects of viewing François Morellet’s Triple X Neonly (2012) on postural control and subjective appreciation. Participants were asked to view monocularly and binocularly. Their average forward-backward (anteroposterior) body sway root mean square (rms) velocity was significantly greater viewing it monocularly. Participants showed diverse reactions to the artwork, yet comments mainly concerned apparent movement and depth. The authors conclude that binocular viewing facilitates viewer appreciation of the proximity of the central X, thus requiring less energy to keep the body stable. This study confirms the artist’s success in involving viewers actively in their aesthetic experience through their eye and body movements.
Can Study of the Historical Jesus Escape its Typographical Captivity?
Authors: Horsley Richard A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As part of the deepening diversification of biblical studies, several lines of research are now undermining the print-cultural assumptions on which New Testament studies developed. The first section offers summaries of important inquiries into ancient communications media: the dominant oral communication and the uses of writing; revisionist text-criticism of manuscripts of texts later included in the Hebrew Bible; the oral-written cultivation of their cultural repertoire by Judean scribes; the parallel oral cultivation of Israelite popular tradition; revisionist criticism of Gospel texts; and the learning and oral performance of Gospel texts. These separate but related lines of research are undermining the standard print-cultural assumptions, concepts, and approaches of Jesus studies. The second section explores the implications of these researches that open toward an alternative view of what the sources are, a more comprehensive approach to the historical Jesus appropriate to ancient communications media, and a reconceptualization of Jesus studies.
Unconstitutionality of Access to Abortion for Embryo-Pathological Reasons
Authors: Młynarska-Sobaczewska Anna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article comments on the Polish Constitutional Tribunal judgment delivered on 22 October 2020 on the unconstitutionality of the provision of the Act of 1993 allowing for the termination of pregnancy for embryo-pathological reasons. The author provides a commentary on the judgment from the point of view of its formal features and content and demonstrates that it violates in both respects the right to privacy and freedom from inhuman or degrading treatment, as it was passed without taking into account nor properly balancing the rights of a pregnant mother in a situation of particular vulnerability.
Scrutinising the Maritime Zones Around Australia’s Sub-Antarctic Islands
Authors: Galliford Karina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In 2016, the South China Sea Arbitral Tribunal was the first tribunal or court to interpret Article 121(3) of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The Tribunal’s interpretation raises international law questions regarding the validity of claimed exclusive economic zones (eezs) and continental shelf maritime areas around many islands including Australia’s sub-Antarctic Islands. Owing to their geographical remoteness, harsh climates, lack of resources, as well as never been ‘home’ to any group of people in a settled way, questions have been raised as to the validity of Australia’s claimed maritime zones with respect to Article 121(3) in both pre- and post-South China Sea Arbitral Award commentary. The article assesses the validity of Australia’s claim by applying the Tribunal’s interpretation of Article 121(3) to the physical and historical facts of the Islands while raising alternate interpretations offered by prior and subsequent commentary. Three examples of possible State practice are reviewed for evidence of other interpretations that may have been agreed to by parties to the Convention. The findings are that Heard and Macquarie Islands are likely classified as islands entitled to an eez and continental shelf whereas McDonald Island is more likely to be an Article 121 ‘rock’.
The Criminal Jurisdiction and Applicable Law concerning the Fu Yuan Yu Leng 999 Case
Authors: Lee Seokwoo , Wang Jiayi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
On 13 August 2017, a Chinese-flagged carrier vessel, Fu Yuan Yu Leng 999, entered the Galapagos Marine Reserve (gmr) without giving appropriate notice, on the captain’s explanation that he entered the area to shelter the vessel from strong winds. Ecuadorian naval aircraft and a coastguard ship began to pursue the vessel from the internal waters and it was intercepted within the territorial sea. This area belongs to the new marine sanctuary of the gmr, where high levels of protection are implemented, and all fishing activities are prohibited. This incident reflects that, as the world’s largest distant-water fisheries (dwf) nation, much more needs to be done by China to crack down on illegal, unreported and unregulated (iuu) fishing and to promote the orderly development of dwf.
Cell wall polymers in the Phaeoceros placenta reflect developmental and functional differences across generations
Authors: HENRY JASON S. , LIGRONE ROBERTO , VAUGHN KEVIN C. , LOPEZ RENEE A. , RENZAGLIA KAREN S. 
Published: June 2021

The placenta of hornworts is unique among bryophytes in the restriction of transfer cells that are characterized by elaborate wall labyrinths to the gametophyte generation. During development, cells around the periphery of the sporophyte foot elongate, forming smooth-walled haustorial cells that interdigitate with gametophyte cells. Using immunogold labeling with 22 antibodies to diverse cell wall polymers, we examined compositional differences in the developmentally and morphologically distinct cell walls of gametophyte transfer cells and sporophyte haustorial cells in the placenta of Phaeoceros. As detected by Calcofluor White fluorescence, cellulose forms the cell wall scaffolding in cells on both sides of the placenta. Homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) pectins are abundant in both cell types, and haustorial cells are further enriched in methyl-esterified HGs. The abundance of pectins in placental cell walls is consistent with the postulated roles of these polymers in cell wall porosity and in maintaining an acidic apoplastic pH favorable to solute transport. Xyloglucan hemicellulose, but not mannans or glucuronoxylans, are present in cell walls at the interface between the two generations with a lower density in gametophytic wall ingrowths. Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are diverse along the plasmalemma of placental cells and are absent in surrounding cells in both generations. AGPs in placental cell walls may play a role in calcium binding and release associated with signal transduction as has been speculated for these glycoproteins in other plants. Callose is restricted to thin areas in cell walls of gametophyte transfer cells. In contrast to studies of transfer cells in other systems, no reaction to the JIM12 antibody against extensin was observed in Phaeoceros.
Predictive Value of Gross Extranodal Extension for Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Persistence/Recurrence
Authors: Kou Ying , Shen Guohua , Cheng Zhuzhong , Kuang Anren 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveWe systematically investigated the predictive value of gross extranodal extension (gENE) for differentiated thyroid carcinoma persistence/recurrence.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingA tertiary care hospital.MethodsThis study was divided into 2 groups according to gENE status: the gENE group and non‐gENE group. We compared the disease persistence/recurrence rates of these 2 groups in the entire cohort and by individual risk group (intermediate/high risk), analyzed whether gENE was an independent risk factor for disease persistence/recurrence, and explored the impact of gENE‐specific features on disease persistence/recurrence.ResultsThere were 989 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria: 57 patients in the gENE group and 932 in the non‐gENE group. The disease persistence/recurrence rate of the gENE group was higher than that of the non‐gENE group in the entire cohort and by individual risk group (P <. 05 for each). Unexpectedly, the outcomes of the gENE group with intermediate risk were similar to those of the non‐gENE group with high risk (P =. 72). For the entire cohort, gENE was an independent predictor for disease persistence/recurrence (odds ratio, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.39‐6.00; P =. 005). Specific features of gENE (P >. 05 for each) were not related to disease persistence/recurrence.ConclusionPatients with gENE and intermediate risk might be regraded as high risk. Specific features of gENE have no impact on disease persistence/recurrence.
Expanding Support Services for Adults Born With Cleft Lip and/or Palate in the United Kingdom: An Exploratory Evaluation of the Cleft Lip and Palate Association Adult Services Programme
Authors: Ardouin Kenny , Davis Nicky , Stock Nicola Marie 
Published: June 2021

Background: The largest group of people living with repaired cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are adults. Previous research has identified unmet treatment and psychosocial needs, yet few interventions exist. This article outlines 3 interventions developed by the Cleft Lip and Palate Association as part of its 3-year community-based Adult Services Programme; an Adults Conference, a series of panel discussions (“Cleft Talk”) streamed in podcast/video format, and a Leaver’s Pack of resources for adults wishing to return to cleft care. Methods: Feedback from attendees of the Adults Conferences (2018-2019) was collected using specifically developed evaluation forms. Streaming metrics and social media interactions were extracted for Cleft Talk panel discussions (2019-2020). The Leaver’s Pack was piloted in 2020, using an online evaluation form. Specialist health professionals were invited to provide feedback or participate in a one-to-one interview regarding their perceived impact of the program. Results: All 3 interventions across the different modalities received support from participating adults, demonstrating potential to meet adults’ needs across the life span. Health professionals also offered support for the program, viewing the interventions as a valuable adjunct to formal medical CL/P services. Conclusions: This exploratory evaluation indicates that peer- and community-led interventions, in combination with ongoing access to specialist medical care, can have a range of positive impacts for adults with CL/P. There is scope for similar initiatives to be developed internationally and for individuals with other craniofacial conditions. Not-for-profit organizations are encouraged to routinely evaluate their interventions to create a stronger evidence base for their valuable work.
Reconstruction of the full-length transcriptome of cigar tobacco without a reference genome and characterization of anion channel/transporter transcripts
Authors: Zhang Hui , Jin Jingjing , Xu Guoyun , Li Zefeng , Zhai Niu , Zheng Qingxia , Lv Hongkun , Liu Pingping , Jin Lifeng , Chen Qiansi , Cao Peijian , Zhou Huina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Cigar wrapper leaves are the most important raw material of cigars. Studying the genomic information of cigar tobacco is conducive to improving cigar quality from the perspective of genetic breeding. However, no reference genome or full-length transcripts at the genome-wide scale have been reported for cigar tobacco. In particular, anion channels/transporters are of high interest for their potential application in regulating the chloride content of cigar tobacco growing on coastal lands, which usually results in relatively high Cl− accumulation, which is unfavorable. Here, the PacBio platform and NGS technology were combined to generate a full-length transcriptome of cigar tobacco used for cigar wrappers.

Results
High-quality RNA isolated from the roots, leaves and stems of cigar tobacco were subjected to both the PacBio platform and NGS. From PacBio, a total of 11,652,432 subreads (19-Gb) were generated, with an average read length of 1,608 bp. After corrections were performed in conjunction with the NGS reads, we ultimately identified 1,695,064 open reading frames including 21,486 full-length ORFs and 7,342 genes encoding transcription factors from 55 TF families, together with 2,230 genes encoding long non-coding RNAs. Members of gene families related to anion channels/transporters, including members of the SLAC and CLC families, were identified and characterized.

Conclusions
The full-length transcriptome of cigar tobacco was obtained, annotated, and analyzed, providing a valuable genetic resource for future studies in cigar tobacco.
Evaluation of Jatropha curcas L. leaves mulching on wheat growth and biochemical attributes under water stress
Authors: Irshad Muhammad , Ullah Faizan , Fahad Shah , Mehmood Sultan , Khan Asif Ullah , Brtnicky Martin , Kintl Antonin , Holatko Jiri , Irshad Inam , El-Sharnouby Mohamed , EL Sabagh Ayman , Datta Rahul , Danish Subhan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Organic mulches are widely used in crop production systems. Due to their benefits in improving soil fertility, retention of soil moisture and weed control. Field experiments were conducted during wheat growing seasons of 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 to evaluate the effects of Jatropha leaves mulch on the growth of wheat varieties ‘Wadan-17’ (rainfed) and ‘Pirsabaq-2013’ (irrigated) under well irrigated and water stress conditions (non-irrigated maintaining 40% soil field capacity). Jatropha mulch was applied to the soil surface at 0, 1, 3 and 5 Mg ha−1 before sowing grains in the field. Under conditions of water stress, Jatropha mulch significantly maintained the soil moisture content necessary for normal plant growth.

Results
We noted a decrease in plant height, shoot and root fresh/dry weight, leaf area, leaf relative water content (LRWC), chlorophyll, and carotenoid content due to water stress. However, water stress caused an increase in leaf and root phenolics content, leaf soluble sugars and electrolytes leakage. We observed that Jatropha mulch maintained LRWC, plant height, shoot and root fresh/dry weight, leaf area and chlorophyll content under water stress. Moreover, water stress adverse effects on leaf soluble sugar content and electrolyte leakage were reversed to normal by Jatropha mulch.

Conclusion
Therefore, it may be concluded that Jatropha leaves mulch will minimize water stress adverse effects on wheat by maintaining soil moisture and plant water status.
Exploring life-space in the nursing home. An observational longitudinal study
Authors: Sverdrup Karen , Bergh Sverre , Selbæk Geir , Benth Jūratė Šaltytė , Husebø Bettina , Røen Irene Mari , Thingstad Pernille , Tangen Gro Gujord 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Traditional performance-based measurements of mobility fail to recognize the interaction between the individual and their environment. Life-space (LS) forms a central element in the broader context of mobility and has received growing attention in gerontology. Still, knowledge on LS in the nursing home (NH) remains sparse. The aim of this study was to identify LS trajectories in people with dementia from time of NH admission, and explore characteristics associated with LS over time.

Methods
In total, 583 people with dementia were included at NH admission and assessed biannually for 3 years. LS was assessed using the Nursing Home Life-Space Diameter. Association with individual (age, sex, general medical health, number of medications, pain, physical performance, dementia severity, and neuropsychiatric symptoms) and environmental (staff-to-resident ratio, unit size, and quality of the physical environment) characterises was assessed. We used a growth mixture model to identify LS trajectories and linear mixed model was used to explore characteristics associated with LS over time.

Results
We identified four groups of residents with distinct LS trajectories, labelled Group 1 (n = 19, 3.5%), Group 2 (n = 390, 72.1%), Group 3 (n = 56, 10.4%), Group 4 (n = 76, 14.0%). Being younger, having good compared to poor general medical health, less severe dementia, more agitation, less apathy, better physical performance and living in a smaller unit were associated with a wider LS throughout the study period.

Conclusion
From NH admission most NH residents’ LS trajectory remained stable (Group 2), and their daily lives unfolded within their unit. Better physical performance and less apathy emerged as potentially modifiable characteristics associated with wider LS over time. Future studies are encouraged to determine whether LS trajectories in NH residents are modifiable, and we suggest that future research further explore the impact of environmental characteristics.
Symptomatic treatment (using NSAIDS) versus antibiotics in uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ong Lopez Albert Macaire C. , Tan Charles Jeffrey L. , Yabon Antonio S. , Masbang Armin N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Current guidelines recommend empiric antibiotics as first-line treatment for uncomplicated UTI. Despite proven benefits in treatment, antibiotic resistance rates remain on the rise. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can serve as an effective and safe option in the treatment of uncomplicated lower UTI among non-pregnant women compared to antibiotics.

Methods
A systematic literature search in PUBMED, CENTRAL, and ACP databases from inception to April 2021 was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials that compare the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs versus antibiotics in non-pregnant women ≥18 years old with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection. Primary outcomes were symptom resolution of UTI by Day 3 or 4 of intervention, and upper UTI complications. Secondary outcomes include persistence of positive urine culture despite treatment and need for another rescue antibiotic. Random and fixed-effects model for dichotomous data using Mantel-Haenszel and Peto odds method were reported at 95% CI followed by sensitivity analysis for substantial heterogeneity.

Results
Four RCTs involving 1165 patients were analyzed. The probability of having a symptom resolution by Day 3 or 4 with NSAID use is only less than three-fourths of that with antibiotic treatment (RR: 0.69, 95% CIs [0.55, 0.86], p = 0.0008, I2 = 73%, moderate certainty of evidence). The odds of developing upper UTI complications with use of NSAIDs are 6.49 to 1 for antibiotics (Peto OR: 6.49, 95% CIs [3.02, 13.92], p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%, moderate certainty of evidence). Secondary analysis showed that the NSAID group is 2.77x more likely to have persistence of a positive microbiologic urine culture than the antibiotic group (RR: 2.77, 95% CIs [1.95, 3.94], p < 0.00001, I2 = 36%, moderate certainty of evidence). Treatment with NSAIDs are three times more likely to use a secondary or rescue antibiotic due to persistent or worsening symptoms as compared to antibiotics (RR: 3.16, 95% CIs [2.24, 4.44], p < 0.00001, I2 = 47%, low certainty of evidence).

Conclusion
Antibiotic treatment was more effective than use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection with an overall moderate certainty of evidence.