bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness and Common Features of Reablement Services on Clients’ Daily Functioning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Buma Lise , Vluggen Stan , Zwakhalen Sandra , Kempen Gertrudis , Metzelthin Silke 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This systematic review, guided by the ReAble-definition, (1) provides an overview of reablement interventions and their effect on Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and (2) identifies common features of effective interventions. A systematic search was conducted from 2002 to 2020, identifying nineteen studies from eight countries with a total of 6,534 participants. Ten studies (with moderate to high quality) revealed improvements in ADL functioning. Three common intervention features were identified within effective interventions: use of multidisciplinary teams; a protocoled or standardized assessment; and using multiple components such as ADL-training, education and exercise programs. This review emphasizes that future studies should provide a more consistent and detailed reporting on the intervention and its components. Furthermore, a uniform approach regarding components, follow-up times and outcome measures can contribute to the comparison of reablement interventions and better determine their effectiveness, independent of the healthcare system or country in which it is used.
Tailoring Stroke Counseling for Risk Reduction Intervention to African American Men
Authors: Aycock Dawn , Harden J Taylor , Salazar Laura , Magwood Gayenell , Clark Patricia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Early life course achievement and maintenance of ideal cardiovascular health is associated with reduced risk of developing stroke later in life. The Stroke Counseling for Risk Reduction (SCORRE) intervention is an age-and-culturally relevant intervention originally designed to correct inaccurate stroke risk perceptions and improve lifestyle behaviors to reduce stroke risk in AAs age 20-35. In a study testing SCORRE, fewer men participated, but most were not at a stage of readiness for behavior change; many did not think they were at risk despite averaging three modifiable risk factors, and while improvements in outcomes were observed in women they were not in men. These differences led to tailoring SCORRE to young AA men. The methods for tailoring SCORRE and resulting strategies for attracting, engaging, and empowering them towards stroke risk reduction, including hypotheses concerning food supply, housing, economic and social relationships, education, and mental health care will be raised for discussion.
Accelerometry-Based Physical Activity and Affective Responses to Daily Stressors: An Analysis of the AAPECS Study
Authors: Puterman Eli , Hives Benjamin , Tomiyama A Janet , Low Carissa , Ruissen Geralyn , Beauchamp Mark , Wright Aidan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Evidence suggests that physical activity on a daily basis dampens the extent to which one experiences elevations in negative affect in response to daily stressors. Yet, these studies primarily relied solely on end-of-day recall of stressors and negative affect, and self-reported physical activity. More intensive assessments throughout the day and accelerometry-based physical activity measurements are required to answer whether any type of body movement (e.g. light, moderate, vigorous) reconfigures the end-of-day recall of the intensity of the affective experience of a stressor or, rather, mitigates the actual experience of a stressor in real-time. This presentation will summarize results addressing this question using data from the University of Pittsburgh’s Assessment of Personality, Ecological Context, and Stress (AAPECS) study. AAPECS includes172 participants who wore accelerometers to assess movement-based activities and completed ecological momentary assessment 6 times daily for 14 days, with additional ‘bursts’ of affective assessments following reported stressors at any time.
Traumatic Events and Health: An Ecological and Life Course Perspective
Authors: Dong XinQi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
During the past decades, researchers have shown an increasing interest in the study of traumatic events among aging populations. The majority of studies on trauma focus on mental health, which overlooks the possibility that trauma may also have an adverse effect on other health outcomes, such as cognitive function. A number of studies focus on a single traumatic event. However, this approach may underestimate its health impact as many people experience multiple forms of traumatic events. Indeed, the impact of traumatic events on health depends on the event itself (e.g., single or multiple forms, time) as well as ecological factors. This symposium aims to address the above limitations. The first longitudinal study An Ecological Model of Risk Factors in Elder Mistreatment (EM) Victims tested different dimensions of the ecological model to prevent recurrence of EM. The second study Polyvictimization and Cognitive Function in an Ethnic Minority Aging Population explored whether exposure to multiple forms of EM affects cognitive function. The third study Traumatic Events and Cognitive Function: Does Time Matter? examined whether traumatic events happened in childhood, adulthood, or old age will influence late-life cognitive function. The fourth study Face-saving and Help-seeking among Older Adults with EM identified cultural determinants of help-seeking behaviors in EM victims. This symposium will advance knowledge in the health consequences of polyvictimization and exposure to traumatic events in different life stages. It will also inform interventions to stop the recurrence of EM in immigrant families and enhance the help-seeking behaviors of ethnic minority older adults.
Policy Implications of the Active Aging Framework in Poland
Authors: Perek-Białas Jolanta , Varlamova Maria 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Poland's relatively young population in the past, is aging rapidly, which provokes a growing interest in the realisation of the older population's potential within the framework of the concept of active ageing. From 2012, when the first Governmental Program on Social Participation (ASOS 2012-2013) was introduced, the active aging framework remains one of the dominant strategies in developing and implementing social policies for the older generation. In the current paper, the focus is made on the employment and social participation of older citizens policies, showing the considerable gap in the prioritisation and hence in the outcomes, highlighted both by Active Ageing Index (AAI) indicators and more in-depth analysis. We will discuss the perceived risks and pitfalls of the current long-term ageing policy approach in Poland and provide recommendations for improvement.
Expansion of a Web-Based Platform to Support Caregivers in California Using CareNav
Authors: Young Heather , Bell Janice , Kelly Kathleen , Kilaberia Tina , Mongoven Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
About one in five Americans is engaged in providing care to a family member. Caregivers (unpaid family members or friends) support older adults and persons with disability with a variety of conditions, including challenges in physical, cognitive, and mental health. In California, 4.5 million family caregivers are assisting individuals over the age of 18. The CA Department of Health Care Services funds 11 Caregiver Resource Centers (CRC) to support caregivers and, in 2019, provided support to expand information technology services through adoption of a statewide online assessment platform and client portal, CareNav™, to serve as a client record and referral tool. CareNav™ facilitates collection of consistent state-wide data that can inform program improvement and policy. This study evaluated the implementation process from the perspective of 35 CRC team members in guided focus group discussions. CRC staff identified several potential benefits to adopting CareNav™, including ease of client access and convenience, the ability to aggregate data to inform planning and policy, and a streamlined process for resource sharing. Challenges included customizing site-specific data needs, as well as concerns about equitable access to internet services. Ongoing evaluation will focus on validation and visualization of data, and translation of data into actionable information to improve quality and reach.
Caregiver Burden Is Associated With Dementia Patient Cognitive Performance in NHATS
Authors: Wennberg Alexandra , Anderson Loretta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Informal caregivers of dementia patients engage in multicomponent care that is often stressful. In heart failure patients, caregiver burden has been associated with occurrence of cardiovascular events. However, little is known about how caregiver burden affects patient cognition in dementia care dyads. Using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving, we examined the association between caregiver burden, assessed on 38 aspects of caring, and patient cognition, assessed with the immediate and delay word recall, Clock Drawing, and self-rated memory. In fully adjusted models at round 7 (2017) higher caregiver burden was cross-sectionally associated with lower immediate (B=-0.02, 95% CI -0.03, -0.01) and delayed (B=-0.03, 95% CI -0.04, -0.02) word recall. Longitudinally, across rounds 7-9 (2017-2019) higher burden was associated with lower patient Clock Draw score (B=-0.01, 95% CI -0.03, -0.001). These findings have implications for economic assistance and interventions in dementia care dyad.
Motor and Sensory Function as Predictors of MCI and Dementia in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA)
Authors: Schrack Jennifer , Wanigatunga Amal , Cai Yurun , Wang Hang , Agrawal Yuri , Resnick Susan , Ferrucci Luigi , Tian Qu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Motor and sensory impairments are linked with dementia risk, but whether there is a joint effect of deficits in motor and sensory function is unknown. We analyzed 649 BLSA participants (aged 72±11 years; 55% women; 68% white) who had concurrent baseline 6-meter usual gait speed and sensory function (vision, hearing) between 2012-2019. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia were adjudicated during an average follow-up of 3 years. We examined the association between baseline gait speed, z-scored sensory function, and a gait*sensory interaction with risk of MCI/dementia using Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for demographics and chronic conditions. Each .01 m/s faster baseline gait was associated with a reduced risk (HR:0.98 (0.96-0.99)) of MCI/dementia, and each 1 SD higher in hearing and vision z-score was associated with an increased risk (HR:1.84 (1.1-3.1)) increased risk. The was no significant interaction, suggesting motor and sensory impairments may be independently associated with MCI/dementia risk.
Early Retirement and Sensory Impairments: The Modifying Effect of Total Assets
Authors: Morales Emmanuel Garcia , Reed Nicholas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sensory impairments are common among older adults. Little is known on the association between sensory impairments, which impact labor productivity, and the effect modification of wealth. We used the 2006-2018 rounds of the Health and Retirement Study. Hearing (HI) and vision (VI) impairments (self-report) at baseline, and working status throughout the study period was observed. Logistic regression models, adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics, were used to characterize the association of sensory impairment and early retirement (i.e., before age 65). Secondary analysis stratified by assets. Among 1,688 adults ages 53-64, 1,350 had no impairment, 140 had HI only, 141 VI only, and 57 had dual sensory impairment (DSI). Only adults with HI had higher odds of early retirement (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.6; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.0,2.5) relative to those without sensory impairment. Among those with large assets, those with HI had higher odds (OR:2.6, 95% CI: 1.4,5.2) and those with VI had lower odds (OR. 0.37; 95% CI: 0.2,0.8) of early retirement. Among the low asset group, we found no differences across impairment groups for the odds of retirement. In sample of older adults, we provide evidence that the presence of hearing impairment is associated early retirement. Secondary analyses suggest wealth may modify this association which highlights the wealth disparities faced by people with sensory impairments.
Retirement Migration and Precarity: Material and Social Aspects
Authors: Repetti Marion , Calasanti Toni 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Discussions of precarity in later life have tended to focus on the uncertainties of material resources, and the feelings of anxiety that this evokes (e.g., Lain et al. 2019) as some older people thus face the risk of being excluded from the broader society. Although scholars often point to inequalities, such as those based on class and gender, as having an influence on the likelihood of older people experiencing such precarity, ageism is considered only to the extent that it can exacerbate the impact of these statuses through, for instance, labor market experiences. Here, we expand upon the impact of ageism on the social aspects of precarity: the loss of recognition and respect as a person that is at the core of social bonds. Drawing on qualitative interviews we have conducted among Swiss, British, and U.S. older people who migrated to cheaper countries in retirement, we demonstrate that ageism can influence precarity regardless of classes. We find that even among wealthier older migrants, who otherwise might fit the image of the retiree seeking an active lifestyle in a sunny location, the attempt to escape the devaluation heaped upon older people in their original country plays an important role. In their new countries, retired migrants of all classes felt that they were valued and part of a community, and this differed from the ageism in their home countries. We thus argue that ageism be considered in future analyses of precarity in later life.
Dynamic Relationships Between Perceived Housing and Life Transitions: A Better Understanding of Good Aging in Place
Authors: Oswald Frank , Schmidt Steven , Cutchin Malcolm 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Housing has gained increased relevance as a central factor for health and well-being. Many countries have implemented ageing in place policies, which provide services focused on improving the physical environment. Housing needs change as people grow older and experience different transitions across their life courses. Studies have demonstrated relationships between housing and health and well-being in later life on the one hand and life transitions and health and well-being in later life on the other hand. However, research on life transitions in combination with perceived housing in relation to indicators of good ageing is virtually nonexistent. This symposiums aims to address the dynamic relationship between perceived housing and life transitions and how they impact health, well-being, functioning, and social/neighborhood participation as people age by data from a mixed-method approach in Sweden and Germany. The first contribution by Slaug and colleagues introduces changes in how older adults perceive their housing following the life transition of a fall at home. Second, Eriksson and colleagues present qualitative results on the experience of relationships between perceived housing, several life transitions and well-being among community-dwelling Swedish older adults. Third, Wanka and colleagues present partially different results from a comparable study in German on the same topic but emphasizing the experience of interrelationships between different life course transitions. Fourth, Granbom and colleagues explore how low-income older adults in Sweden reason about their current housing situation and a future life transition of relocation. Finally, Malcolm P. Cutchin will serve as the session’s discussant.
Association of In-Lab and Free-Living Mobility Measures With Falls and Fear of Falling in Underactive Older People
Authors: Niemiec Stacey Schepens , Vigen Cheryl , Blanchard Jeanine , Niemiec Matthew , Eng Brittany 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Falls in older adults have significant consequences—a single fall can lead to serious injury, psychological trauma, activity restriction, and increased mortality. This study describes differences in mobility-related characteristics of underactive (&lt;150 minutes/week of physical activity), racially diverse, older adults (65–84 years) classified by self-reported fall status (0, 1, 2+ falls in previous 12mo) and fear of falling (yes/no). We analyzed baseline data from 105 individuals (mean age=72.1 years; 73% female; 64% white, 29% Black, 12% Asian) who participated in a trial of a physical activity smartphone intervention for older people. Total minutes of daily stepping and medium-to-brisk (≥75 steps/min) and brisk (≥100) cadence bouts in free-living conditions was gathered over 3 days via ActivPal activity monitor. Gait speed was determined from a 4-meter walk test for those pretested prior to COVID-19 mandates (n=60). Of the median 81.8 minutes spent stepping daily, very few minutes involved moderate-to-brisk (14.0) or brisk cadence (10.1). Groups classified by fall status (non-fallers n=74, 1x fallers n=18, repeat fallers n=13) differed significantly in daily minutes spent in medium-to-brisk (p=0.04) and brisk cadence (p=0.02), but not in 4-meter gait speed or total minutes stepping. Individuals who reported fear of falling versus those with no fear did not differ significantly on any mobility-related parameters. Four-meter gait speed was significantly negatively correlated with both cadence measures (p=0.02) but not total minutes stepping. This study indicates that faster walking behaviors in everyday activity may be a useful target for intervention to prevent falls in underactive older adults.
Translation of a Falls Prevention Behavioral Intervention for Family Caregiver Administration
Authors: Panzer Victoria , Smith Veronica , Wakefield Dorothy , Fortinsky Richard 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
FallsTalk is a one-month evidence-based falls prevention (FP) program that focuses attention on causes of an individual’s falls and encourages new FP behaviors. We translated the program for family caregivers of persons with cognitive impairment or dementia (PwCID) to administer to the PwCID and examined the number of new FP behaviors (#newFPBs) reported during the intervention period by the Caregiver. Thirty-four Dyads (Caregiver+PwCID) were trained to conduct brief daily FP discussions together using paper (FTCGnoTech) or computerized (FTCGTech, n=20) guidance. Dyads had FallsTalk training, daily discussions and weekly check-in calls. FTCGTech included discussion suggestions tailored to Caregiver concerns. To examine the use of technology, Poisson regression models compared #newFPBs between FTCGnoTech and FTCGTech and included covariates age (&lt;80 or &gt;=80), Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE &gt;25 or &lt;=25) and interactions. To evaluate the influence of Caregiver participation, #newFPBs reported by 115 non-demented clinical trial participants (no Caregiver- FT-ClTrNoCG) were compared with the Caregiver outcomes. Dyads using technology reported significantly more #newFPBs (MeanFTCGnoTech=5.34(SEM=0.68), MeanFTCGTech=8.46(SEM=0.76); p=.004) during the intervention month. A significant interaction was observed whereby Dyads with MMSE&lt;=25 using technology, reported significantly more #newFPBs than the non-technology group (MeanFTCGnoTech=4.23(SEM=0.72), MeanFTCGTech=9.01(SEM=0.90); p=.047). Caregiver (n=34) involvement substantially increased #newFPBs (MeanFT-ClTrNoCG=1.39(SEM=0.15), MeanCaregiver=7.21(SEM=0.49); p&lt;.0001), independent of technology. Across studies, participants or Caregivers for those with MMSE&lt;=25 and &lt;80yo reported significantly more #newFMBs (Mean=4.38(SEM=0.55) than those 80+yo (Mean=2.06(SEM=0.30); p=.0026). FallsTalk Caregiver provides an effective means to promote new Dyad FP strategies. The influence of Caregiver involvement and technology show promise in encouraging behavioral change to prevent falls.
The Challenges Faced By Long-Term Care Residents and Their Families During COVID-19
Authors: Avidor Sharon , Ayalon Liat 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The present research aims to examine the effects of protective measures due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) within long-term care (LTC) settings on the residents and their family members. Open-ended qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 family members of older adults who resided in LTC settings during the first wave of the pandemic in Israel. The first theme identified is Rupture, including physical disconnect; the disruption in routine treatment to residents; and decline in the satisfaction with the setting. The second theme is Response, including sharing viewpoints and involvement in decision making, as well as an intense ambivalence shared by family members. Our findings highlight the distress caused to residents and family members by the isolation and restrictions in LTC settings during the pandemic, and underscore values and priorities that are central to them and their family members, including maintaining continuity, transparency, and working in unison with their families.
Dementia Care-Related Stress and Working Memory Performance: Examining the Mediating Role of Sleep
Authors: Blasi Ashley , Falzarano Francesca 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dementia Family caregivers often experience significant stress and burden, which has been associated with a myriad of adverse effects on physical and mental health, as well as cognition. The impact of caregiving on health and well-being may have negative implications on the provision of quality and effective care. Specifically, working memory is a key domain of cognition that ultimately underlies logic and decision making processes. Thus, the purpose of the current study is to examine the associations between dementia care-related stress and working memory, as well as potential mediators of this relationship, in a sample of 50 primary caregivers who completed measures examining stress, including burden and overload, and several domains of cognition. Our results showed that higher levels of caregiving overload were associated with worse working memory performance, measured using the N-back task. Additionally, we found that lower sleep quality fully mediated the relationship between overload and working memory performance, such that the negative effects of overload on working memory performance may operate as a result of sleep impairment. By determining the mediating role of sleep while also providing evidence to support the negative relationship between stress and working memory, our results provide support for the development of interventions that target factors such as burden and sleep quality to help mitigate stress in caregivers.