bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 triggered excessive inflammation and abnormal energy metabolism in gut microbiota
Authors: Zhou Tuoyu , Zeng Yufei , Wu Jingyuan , Li Junfeng , Yan Jun , Meng Wenbo , Han Hawen , Feng Fengya , He Jufang , Zhao Shuai , Zhou Ping , Wu Ying , Yang Yanling , Han Rong , Jin Weiling , Li Xun , Yang Yunfeng , Li Xiangkai 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSpecific roles of gut microbes in COVID-19 progression are critical. However, the circumstantial mechanism remains elusive. In this study, shotgun metagenomic or metatranscriptomic sequencing were performed on fecal samples collected from 13 COVID-19 patients and controls. We analyzed the structure of gut microbiota, identified the characteristic bacteria and selected biomarkers. Further, GO, KEGG and eggNOG annotation were employed to correlate the taxon alteration and corresponding functions. The gut microbiota of COVID-19 patients was characterized by the enrichment of opportunistic pathogens and depletion of commensals. The abundance of Bacteroides spp. displayed an inverse relationship to COVID-19 severity, whereas Actinomyces oris, Escherichia coli, and Gemmiger formicilis were positively correlated with disease severity. The genes encoding oxidoreductase were significantly enriched in SARS-CoV-2 infection. KEGG annotation indicated that the expression of ABC transporter was up regulated, while the synthesis pathway of butyrate was aberrantly reduced. Furthermore, increased metabolism of lipopolysaccharide, polyketide sugar, sphingolipids and neutral amino acids was found. These results suggested the gut microbiome of COVID-19 patients was correlated with disease severity and in a state of excessive inflammatory response. Healthy gut microbiota may enhance antiviral defenses via butyrate metabolism, whereas the accumulation of opportunistic and inflammatory bacteria may exacerbate the disease progression.
Prevalent mouse phenotypes in the unexplored druggable genome
Authors: Gulyaeva Olga , Hu Zicheng , Oprea Tudor , Lloyd K. C. Kent , Gomez Shawn , Roth Bryan L , McManus Michael T 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAmong the estimated ~23,000 protein encoding human genes, the class of ‘druggable genes’– defined by their ability to bind drug-like compounds– represents an enticing collection of targets for clinical intervention. Yet many if not most of these genes remain poorly understood and understudied. Here we evaluate three major classes of druggable genes (GPCRs, ion channels, and kinases) and found that a third of these remain largely ignored yet display significant mouse phenotypes upon genetic ablation. We show that both well-studied and understudied druggable genes share a similar number and spectrum of phenotypes. Moreover, many of the mouse phenotypes arising from the ablation of both well-studied and understudied druggable genes show similarities with symptoms in rare human diseases. Collectively these data diminish the notion that most poorly studied genes may not be especially ‘important’ and highlight therapeutic opportunities and potential disease models among poorly characterized druggable genes.
How and when economic policy uncertainty influences firms' strategic change: the role of CEO turnover and organizational inertia
Authors: Zhong Xi , Chen Weihong , Ren Ge 
Published: November 2021

PurposeMany studies have examined the antecedents of firms' strategic change on a micro and meso level, but few studies have explored it from the macrolevel (e.g. economic policy uncertainty) perspective. This research draws attention to the impact of economic policy uncertainty on firms' strategic change.Design/methodology/approachThis research empirically tests hypotheses based on a sample of listed firms in China during the period between 2010 and 2017.FindingsBased on real options theory, the authors theorize and find that economic policy uncertainty will negatively affect firms' strategic change through the mediating effect of CEO turnover. Moreover, organizational inertia will strengthen the negative impact of economic policy uncertainty on CEO turnover and will weaken the positive impact of CEO turnover on firms' strategic change.Originality/valueFirst, this research contributes to the strategic change literature by demonstrating the important impact of economic policy uncertainty on firms' strategic change. Second, this research expands the literature on the economic consequences of economic policy uncertainty. Third, this research clarifies the path and boundary conditions of economic policy uncertainty affecting strategic change by introducing the mediating effects of CEO turnover and the moderating effects of organizational inertia.
Antecedents of the attitude toward the athlete celebrities' human brand extensions
Authors: Koo Jakeun 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe present study aims to examine how consumers evaluate the extended human brands of athlete celebrities beyond their unique brand personality associated with sports. Athlete celebrities' unique image in sports is used as a human brand, and attitude toward the athlete brand extensions is investigated when the athlete's name is included in a new non-sport brand. The concepts of brand extensions were employed to develop the ideas of human brand extensions.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 198 participants answered online survey questions before and after being informed of athlete brand extensions. Partial least squares structural equation modeling is utilized to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe survey results indicated that athlete–product fit and image transfer positively influenced attitude toward the extension. In addition, attitude toward the athlete brand extensions was significantly influenced by consumers' pre-existing attitude toward the celebrity; however, not by celebrity's expertise.Originality/valueThe research findings imply that some brand extension concepts are applicable to human brands to understand the effectiveness of athlete brand extensions for non-sport products.
Cantilever enhanced based photoacoustic detection of SF6 decomposition component SO2 using UV LED
Authors: Chen Tunan , Ma Fengxiang , Zhao Yue , Liao Zhenghai , Qiu Zongjia , Zhang Guoqiang 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to establish a photoacoustic detection system for SO2 using UV-LED and testify its feasibility for sensitive measurement. The work in this paper can avoid potential crossover interference in infrared (IR) range and also balance the capability and cost of feasible excitation for photoacoustic detection system.

Design/methodology/approach
In this experimental work, a cantilever-enhanced–based photoacoustic SO2 detection system using an ultraviolet (UV) LED light source with a light power of 4 mW as the excitation was established.

Findings
A feasible photoacoustic detection system for SO2 using UV-LED was established. Experimental results demonstrate that the detection limit of the system can reach the level of 0.667 ppm, which can serve as a reference for the application of PAS in insulation fault diagnosis.

Originality/value
This work investigated the potential of using ultraviolet photoacoustic spectroscopy to detect trace SO2, which provided an ideal replacement of infrared-laser-based detection system. In this paper, a photoacoustic detection system using LED with a low light power was established. Low light power requirement can expand the options of light sources accordingly. In this paper, the absorption characteristics of SO2 in the presented detection system and ultraviolet range were studied. And the detection limit of the presented system was given. Both of which can provide reference to SO2 detection in ambient SF6.
Prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons express functional Nav1.8 tetrodotoxin‐resistant sodium currents
Authors: Szulczyk Bartłomiej , Pasierski Michał , Gawlak Maciej 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIt has been repeatedly proved that Nav1.8 tetrodotoxin (TTX)‐resistant sodium currents are expressed in peripheral sensory neurons where they play important role in nociception. There are very few publications that show the presence of TTX‐resistant sodium currents in central neurons. The aim of this study was to assess if functional Nav1.8 TTX‐resistant sodium currents are expressed in prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons. All recordings were performed in the presence of TTX in the extracellular solution to block TTX‐sensitive sodium currents. The TTX‐resistant sodium current recorded in this study was mainly carried by the Nav1.8 sodium channel isoform because the Nav1.9 current was inhibited by the −65 mV holding potential that we used throughout the study. Moreover, the sodium current that we recorded was inhibited by treatment with the selective Nav1.8 inhibitor A‐803467. Confocal microscopy experiments confirmed the presence of the Nav1.8 α subunit in prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons. Activation and steady state inactivation properties of TTX‐resistant sodium currents were also assessed in this study and they were similar to activation and inactivation properties of TTX‐resistant sodium currents expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Moreover, this study showed that carbamazepine (60 µM) inhibited the maximal amplitude of the TTX‐resistant sodium current. Furthermore, we found that carbamazepine shifts steady state inactivation curve of TTX‐resistant sodium currents toward hyperpolarization. This study suggests that the Nav1.8 TTX‐resistant sodium channel is expressed not only in DRG neurons, but also in cortical neurons and may be molecular target for antiepileptic drugs such as carbamazepine.
Determination of stable nitrogen isotopic ratios of nitrate ions in ammonium nitrate
Authors: Hu Can , Huang Yang , Mei Hongcheng , Guo Hongling , Liu Zhanfang , Zhu Jun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAmmonium nitrate (AN) is one of the most commonly used explosives in criminal cases. The comparison and source‐tracing of AN is important for investigation of attribution and fingerprinting of an explosive used at different events. The stable isotope signature of AN is an important index for comparison and tracing. However, the characteristics of the stable nitrogen isotopic ratios of AN (δ15NNH4NO3) alone are not sufficient to achieve a fine comparison between different AN samples. To increase the comparison index and further improve the discriminability between stable nitrogen isotopic ratios of different ANs, a method of isolation and analysis of nitrate ions in AN was established using stable‐isotope‐ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). The method was based on the principle that strong alkali react with AN to produce ammonia and nitrate. After the isolation, stable nitrogen isotopes of nitrate ions (δ15NNO3) were obtained using IRMS, and then the stable nitrogen isotopes of ammonium ions from AN (δ15NNH4) was calculated according to the principle of mass balance. The results show that the method is effective for the isolation of nitrate ions without notable isotope fractionation. The developed method was applied to analyze and discriminate AN samples from eight different cities in China. Three samples out of the initial eight AN samples with similar δ15NNH4NO3 values were further distinguished by their δ15NNH4 and δ15NNO3 values. The isolation and stable‐nitrogen isotopic analysis method developed for nitrate ions in AN is simple and effective, thereby increasing the discriminability of the stable isotope ratios in AN.
Estimation of body weight in captive Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica)
Authors: WANG Qi , SHI Chunmei , LIU Dan , JIANG Guangshun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSo far, there has been no safe and convenient method to weigh the large fierce animals, like Amur tigers. To address this problem, we built models to predict the body weight of Amur tigers based on the fact that body weight is proportional to body measurements or age. Using the method of body measurements, we extracted the body measurements from 4 different kinds of the lateral body image of tigers, that is, total lateral image, central lateral image, ellipse fitting image, and rectangle fitting image, and then we respectively used artificial neural network (ANN) and power regression model to analyze the predictive relationships between body weight and body measurements. Our results demonstrated that, among all ANN models, the model built with rectangle fitting image had the smallest mean square error. Comparatively, we screened power regression models which had the smallest Akakai information criteria (AIC). In addition, using the method of age, we fitted nonlinear regression models for the relationship between body weight and age and found that, for male tigers, logistic model had the smallest AIC. For female tigers, Gompertz model had the smallest AIC. Consequently, this study could be applied to estimate body weight of captive, or even wild, Amur tigers safely and conveniently, helping to monitor individual health and growth of the Amur tiger populations.
miR‐125a‐5p increases cellular DNA damage of aging males and perturbs stage‐specific embryo development via Rbm38‐p53 signaling
Authors: Liang Kuan , Yao Liangyu , Wang Shuxian , Zheng Lu , Qian Zhang , Ge Yifeng , Chen Li , Cheng Xi , Ma Rujun , Li Chuwei , Jing Jun , Yang Yang , Yu Wanwan , Xue Tongmin , Chen Qiwei , Cao Siyuan , Ma Jinzhao , Yao Bing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn increasing number of men are fathering children at an older age than in the past. While advanced maternal age has long been recognized as a risk factor for adverse reproductive outcomes, the influence of paternal age on reproduction is incompletely comprehended. Herein, we found that miR‐125a‐5p was upregulated in the sperm of aging males and was related to inferior sperm DNA integrity as an adverse predictor. Moreover, we demonstrated that miR‐125a‐5p suppressed mitochondrial function and increased cellular DNA damage in GC2 cells. We also found that miR‐125a‐5p perturbed embryo development at specific morula/blastocyst stages. Mechanistically, we confirmed that miR‐125a‐5p disturbed the mitochondrial function by targeting Rbm38 and activating the p53 damage response pathway, and induced a developmental delay in a p21‐dependent manner. Our study revealed an important role of miR‐125a‐5p in sperm function and early embryo development of aging males, and provided a fresh view to comprehend the aging process in sperm.
Effects of competing food desert policies on store format choice among SNAP participants
Authors: Cuffey Joel , Beatty Timothy K. M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe measure how Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants respond to policies designed to improve access to retail food store formats that stock healthy foods, specifically grocery stores. Supply‐side policies seek to increase the supply of grocery stores by subsidizing store openings. Demand‐side policies seek to increase the demand for food from grocery stores by, for example, increasing benefits. Unique SNAP administrative data allow us to estimate and compare impacts of grocery store openings and a SNAP benefit increase at a fine geographic scale. We find both policies increase shopping at grocery stores relative to other store formats but observe substantive impacts for grocery store openings only among households in very close proximity to the opening. Furthermore, we find that the impacts are mediated by car ownership and food desert status. In particular, households without cars in food deserts exhibit the largest impact. Grocery store openings decrease SNAP spending shares primarily at ethnic stores, whereas benefit increases decrease SNAP spending shares at convenience stores. Neither policy decreases total SNAP spending at convenience stores. The spillover effects on shopping at other store formats therefore make the potential effect on access to healthy food ambiguous.
Early corneal pachymetry maps after cataract surgery and influence of 3D digital visualization system in minimizing corneal oedema
Authors: Sandali Otman , El Sanharawi Mohamed , Tahiri Joutei Hassani Rachid , Roux Hillary , Bouheraoua Nacim , Borderie Vincent 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTo describe the early topography of corneal swelling occurring after cataract surgery and to evaluate the impact of the three‐dimensional (3D) digital visualization system in minimizing corneal oedema.MethodsProspective observational, single‐centre, consecutive case series of 134 patients undergoing cataract surgery performed by the same surgeon, with either 3D or conventional visualization systems. Eyes were assigned to two groups based on their anterior chamber depth (group ACD ≤3 mm and group ACD >3 mm). Optical coherence tomography was performed to evaluate postoperative corneal swelling.ResultsThree corneal swelling profiles were identified on the first postoperative day type 1, limited corneal oedema near peripheral corneal incisions; type 2, dome‐shaped corneal swelling spreading from the principal corneal incision and reaching the paracentral cornea; type 3, continuous oedema spreading from the principal incision to central cornea, with a generalized oedema predominating in the upper part of the cornea.On the first day after surgery, in group ACD ≤3 mm, visual acuity was significantly better in patients undergoing surgery with 3D visualization (0.023 vs 0.072 logMar, p = 0.014) with reduced central corneal thickening 17.3 µm (±3.2) in comparison with conventional visualization 44.0 µm (±9.3) (p = 0.0082). In group ACD >3 mm, no significant association was found between the use of the 3D system and pachymetry changes and early visual rehabilitation. On day 21 after surgery, no significant differences in corneal pachymetry values were observed between the two surgical approaches in both groups.ConclusionsWe describe early postoperative corneal map profiles providing insight into the pathogenesis of postoperative corneal swelling and possible prevention strategies. By improving visualization of the narrow surgical space in patients with shallow anterior chambers, the 3D system could help to minimize postoperative corneal oedema.
Acute abdomen in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A systematic review
Authors: Rouva Glykeria , Vergadi Eleni , Galanakis Emmanouil 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C), a rare severe complication of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, has been recently reported to mimic acute abdomen and lead to surgical interventions, posing challenges for clinicians. In this systematic review, we evaluated the rate of acute abdomen and abdominal surgical emergencies in children with MIS‐C.MethodsSystematic review of all MIS‐C cases presented with acute abdomen.ResultsA total of 385 patients with MIS‐C, from 38 studies, were included. Gastrointestinal manifestations were prominent in 233/385 (60.5%) children. Acute abdomen was noted in 72/385 (18.7%) of MIS‐C cases and in 72/233 (30.9%) of MIS‐C cases with gastrointestinal symptoms. Final diagnoses were mostly non‐surgical (55/72, 76.4%), such as mesenteric lymphadenitis (23/72, 31.9%), terminal ileitis/ileocolitis (19/72, 26.4%), free abdominal fluid/ascites (8/72, 11.1%) and paralytic ileus (3/72, 4.2%). Laparotomy was performed in 35/72 (48.6%) of children with MIS‐C, and acute abdomen and was proven unnecessary in 18/35 (51.4%) cases. True abdominal surgical emergencies, such as appendicitis and obstructive ileus, were confirmed in 17/72 (23.6%) cases.ConclusionMIS‐C often presents with acute abdomen, mostly due to non‐surgical intestinal inflammatory pathology. However, surgical complications occur in patients with MIS‐C; therefore, a high index of suspicion should remain.
Union membership and the willingness to prioritize environmental protection above growth and jobs: A multi‐level analysis covering 22 European countries
Authors: Ringqvist Josef 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article contributes to debates about trade unions and the environment by studying differences between union members and non‐members when asked to prioritize between environmental protection and jobs and economic growth. Differences are explored in a multi‐level framework based on European Values Study data from 2017, covering 22 European countries. The empirical results show that members are more pro‐environmentally inclined than non‐members. This is demonstrated to be attributable to a large extent to the fact that members tend to be more left‐leaning politically, a disposition which tends to be associated positively with environmental concern. While those employed in transport and manufacturing generally are least likely to be willing to prioritize environmental protection, membership has the most pronounced positive effect in this group. The tendency for members to be more pro‐environmentally inclined is consistent across the studied countries. The article also shows that both members and non‐members in countries with higher collective bargaining coverage tend to be more pro‐environmentally inclined. Implications of the findings are discussed in terms of the political nature of collective interest representation with which unions are concerned, broader debates about union renewal and the importance of unions in garnering workers’ support for a greener economy.
The role of molecular profiling in adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Lippert Juliane , Fassnacht Martin , Ronchi Cristina L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, aggressive cancer with still partially unknown pathogenesis, heterogenous clinical behaviour and no effective treatment for advanced stages. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical unmet need for better prognostication strategies, innovative therapies and significant improvement of the management of the individual patients. In this review, we summarize available studies on molecular prognostic markers and markers predictive of response to standard therapies as well as newly proposed drug targets in sporadic ACC. We include in vitro studies and available clinical trials, focusing on alterations at the DNA, RNA and epigenetic levels. We also discuss the potential of biomarkers to be implemented in a clinical routine workflow for improved ACC patient care.