bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultural adaptations of obesity‐related behavioral prevention interventions in early childhood: A systematic review
Authors: Marshall Sarah , Taki Sarah , Laird Yvonne , Love Penelope , Wen Li Ming , Rissel Chris 
Published: December 2021

SummaryInterventions for obesity prevention can effectively reduce obesity‐related behaviors in young children. Understanding how to leverage and adapt evidence‐based interventions is needed to improve reach among culturally and linguistically diverse families. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the approaches and outcomes of culturally adapted early childhood obesity‐related behavioral prevention interventions. Multiple electronic databases were systematically searched in March 2021. All study designs were included if they reported cultural adaptations of an intervention targeting at least one obesity‐related behavior (infant feeding, nutrition, physical activity, and/or sleep) among children aged 0–5 years. Studies that only conducted language translations or that developed new interventions were excluded. Two authors independently conducted critical appraisals using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. Findings were synthesized narratively, based on the Stages of Cultural Adaptation theoretical model and the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications‐Enhanced. Twelve interventions met the inclusion criteria, with varied study designs. Few reported all aspects of cultural adaptation processes, and the cultural adaptation strategies documented varied. The results suggest that cultural adaptation of obesity‐related behavioral prevention interventions targeting young children increases acceptability among target cultural groups, yet effectiveness is inconclusive due to a lack of trials. More detailed reporting of cultural adaptation processes and further effectiveness trials are needed to evaluate future work.
The multifaceted roles of the adipose tissue vasculature
Authors: Ioannidou Anna , Fisher Rachel M. , Hagberg Carolina E. 
Published: December 2021

SummaryThe prevalence of obesity and its associated pathologies continue to increase, which has led to a renewed interest in our major weight‐regulating organ, the white adipose tissue. It has become clear that its development, expansion, and physiological function depend on proper crosstalk between each of its cellular constituents, with a central role for the vascular endothelium lining the blood vessels. Although first considered a mere barrier, the endothelium has emerged as a dynamic unit modulating many critical adipose tissue functions. It not only oversees the uptake of all nutrients to be stored in the adipocytes but also provides an important growth niche for adipocyte progenitors and regulates the expandability of the tissue during overfeeding and obesity. In this review, we describe the reciprocal relationship between endothelial cells, adipocytes, and obesity. We present recent studies that support an important role for endothelial cells as central mediators of many of the physiological and pathological functions of the adipose tissue and highlight several unknown aspects of adipose tissue vascular biology. This new perspective could present exciting opportunities to develop new therapeutic approaches against obesity‐related pathologies and is thus of great interest in our increasingly obese society.
Lower third molar coronectomy: What do we know so far?
Authors: Pang Si Ling , Leung Yiu Yan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCoronectomy is a treatment option for lower third molars with high risk of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury. When it was first described, clinicians were sceptical of this new technique and were concerned about complications such as infection or pathological changes. Over the years, coronectomy has been proven to be effective in preventing IAN injury for high‐risk cases and is a safe technique in the long term. The other surgical morbidities of lower third molar coronectomy such as infection, pain and swelling are minimal, and occur at incidences similar to those of the conventional total removal of lower third molars. There is a small chance of root exposure which may require a second operation for its removal. It was found that most of the retained roots would migrate to a small extent, and that the migration rate would decrease with time and gradually cease, causing the root complex to remain embedded in the alveolar bone. Coronectomy has also been suggested as a treatment option for dentigerous cyst when the root of the involved tooth is in close proximity to the IAN. The benefit of adjacent second molar bone regeneration after third molar coronectomy has been demonstrated in pilot studies. With current evidence, coronectomy of lower third molar is a safe alternative for the prevention of IAN injury.
Effects of Platelet‐Rich Plasma on Tendon‐Bone Healing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Chen Rong‐jin , Zhu Hao‐zhong , Gu Xin‐yi , Xiang Xian‐xiang 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of platelet‐rich plasma on tendon‐bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.MethodsThis retrospective study included 85 patients (range, 18–50 years; mean age, 33.95 ± 10.53 years; male/female, 49/36) who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using autologous hamstring tendons between August 2017 and June 2019 at our institute. The participants in the study group (n = 42) were injected with platelet‐rich plasma at both ends of the tendon graft, while those in the control group (n = 43) received an injection of normal saline. Magnetic resonance imaging signal/noise quotient values of the femoral and tibial ends, knee Lysholm scores, and International Knee Documentation Committee scores were compared at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.ResultsThe signal/noise quotient values of the femoral and tibial ends in both groups were higher at 6 months than at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. The signal/noise quotient values of the tibial end were significantly lower in the platelet‐rich plasma group than in the normal saline group at all follow‐up time points (P < 0.05). The signal/noise quotient values of the tibial and femoral ends in both groups were significantly different at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). Additionally, the signal/noise quotient values of the tibia were significantly lower than those of the femur in both groups (P < 0.05). The Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee scores were significantly better in the platelet‐rich plasma group than in the normal saline group only at 3 months postoperatively. No complications, such as knee joint infection or vascular and nerve injuries, occurred in any of the 85 patients. The knee flexion of all patients were more than 90°, and the straight degree was 0°. No joint stiffness was observed in all patients.ConclusionPlatelet‐rich plasma can promote tendon‐bone healing in grafts and can improve early postoperative knee joint function.
Impact of a SLC24A5 variant on the retinal pigment epithelium of a Japanese patient with oculocutaneous albinism type 6
Authors: Saito Toru , Okamura Ken , Kosaki Rika , Wakamatsu Kazumasa , Ito Shosuke , Nakajima Osamu , Yamashita Hidetoshi , Hozumi Yutaka , Suzuki Tamio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOculocutaneous albinism (OCA) 6 is a non‐syndromic type of OCA that has distinct ocular symptoms and variable cutaneous hypopigmentation. The causative gene of OCA6 is SLC24A5, which encodes NCKX5, a K+‐dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 5. NCKX5 is involved in the maturation of melanosomes, but its function is still unclear. In this study, we characterized a Japanese patient with OCA6. Genetic analysis revealed compound heterozygous variants in SLC24A5, c.590 + 1dupG, and c.598G>A (p.G200R). To clarify the functional significance of the missense variant, we generated a knock‐in (KI) mouse model carrying the mouse homolog of the G200R variant using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Chemical analysis showed decreased amounts of eumelanin in the hair and skin of KI mice, while levels of benzothiazine units in pheomelanin were significantly increased in their hair. Retinal pigment was also decreased in KI mice. Notably, a histopathologic study revealed a significant pigment loss in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) but not in the choroid. Immunohistochemically, the expression of NCKX5 in the RPE was decreased but was maintained in the choroid of KI mice. These findings could explain the difference in phenotypic severity between eye symptoms and hypopigmentation in the skin/hair.
How consumers value retailer's return policy leniency levers: An empirical investigation
Authors: Abdulla Huseyn , Abbey James D. , Ketzenberg Michael 
Published: December 2021

Due to the ongoing and dramatic growth in the volume of consumer returns, retailers continue to struggle with the trade‐off in returns service strategies between implementing stricter return policies to lower operational costs and environmental footprint versus providing customers with lenient return policies to positively stimulate customers' value perceptions and patronage intentions. This paper argues that effective management of this trade‐off requires a deep understanding of the process through which consumers perceive, evaluate, and respond to return policies that vary in terms of leniency across five key dimensions identified in the literature: monetary, time, effort, scope, and exchange. To this end, we theorize on a cognitive process model and empirically test the model using randomized experiments with diverse consumer samples. By viewing each of the five leniency dimensions as returns service design levers, we examine (1) how a retailer's return policy leniency across different levers impacts a consumer's intention to purchase from a retailer, through the influence of leniency on the perceptions regarding returns service quality and transaction costs that jointly form perceived returns service value, and (2) how different leniency levers are compared in terms of their impacts. We find significant heterogeneity in the effectiveness of different leniency levers in influencing consumers' purchase intentions through increased perceived service quality, reduced perceived transaction costs, and subsequently increased perceived service value.
The effect of a multimodal dementia prevention program involving community‐dwelling elderly
Authors: Kajita Hiroyuki , Maeda Kiyoshi , Osaki Tohmi , Kakei Yasumasa , Kothari Kavita U. , Nagai Yoji 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundWith the rapid increase in the average age of society, the number of people with dementia has increased in Japan. Thus, the need to prevent dementia is greater, and prevention programs have been implemented throughout Japan. This study aims to evaluate both the short‐term and the long‐term effects of a dementia prevention program on physical and cognitive function in community‐dwelling elderly.MethodsCognitive and physical assessments were carried out at baseline for a sample including 57 elderly participants. The participants underwent an intensive training program lasting for 2 h per week for 10 days. After the last period of training, the assessment performed was reapplied. The outcome measures used to establish effectiveness were a Mini‐Mental State Examination, Five Cognitive Tests, a Cognitive Function Instrument, a Timed Up & Go Test, a grip strength evaluation, a Geriatric Depression Scale, an EQ‐5D and a Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly. Participants were then divided randomly into two groups: a booster group and a non‐booster group. The booster group received booster training every 3 months after the intensive training period, whereas the non‐booster group did not. Both groups were monitored every 6 months for approximately two and a half years after baseline assessment.ResultsThe Mini‐Mental State Examination, the subtests of the Five Cognitive Tests (attention, memory, language and reasoning) and the Timed Up & Go Test revealed a significant improvement after intensive training. For most of the outcome measures, the booster training showed no additional significant improvements.ConclusionsIn this study, intensive training had a short‐term positive effect. Although the effect of the booster training was not clear, the functions of the elderly participants were found to be maintained during a follow‐up assessment. The study findings recommend conducting intensive training for the community‐dwelling elderly without follow‐up training.
Multi‐scale and multi‐parametric analysis of Late Quaternary event deposits within the active Corinth Rift (Greece)
Authors: De Gelder Gino , Doan Mai Linh , Beck Christian , Carlut Julie , Seibert Chloé , Feuillet Nathalie , Carter Gareth D. O. , Pechlivanidou Sofia , Gawthorpe Robert L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA major challenge in subaqueous palaeoseismology is to understand the relationship between an earthquake/tsunami and a sedimentary event deposit recorded in drillcores. Expedition 381 of the International Ocean Discovery Program was dedicated to understanding the development of the Corinth Rift, Greece. Its drilled cores provide a potentially important resource to better understand depositional mechanisms of sedimentary event deposits within changing open marine to (semi‐)isolated environments. To achieve this, U‐channels and spatula samples were analysed from the topmost part (0–65 m below seafloor maximum depth) of holes M0078B and M0079A (ca 0–25 ka), using high‐resolution X‐ray microtomography in combination with grain‐size, magnetic and X‐ray fluorescence measurements. Structures and grain fabric are resolved down to 10 μm in voxel size, characterizing the geometry of the basal surface of ‘turbidite+homogenite’ sedimentary event deposits, and the internal base‐upward evolution at high‐resolution scale. This analysis suggests that these types of deposits are more complex than previously proposed, especially at the transition between the basal coarse turbidite sub‐unit and the fine‐grained homogenite upper sub‐unit, as well as within the homogenite. Combined with the other observations and parameters, X‐ray microtomography results are consistent with the interpretation of the Corinth ‘turbidite+homogenite’ deposits as having predominantly originated from seismic and/or aseismic slope failures followed by tsunami/seiche effects, despite subtle differences according to depositional environment.
Association of emotion reactivity and distress intolerance with suicide attempts in U.S. Army soldiers
Authors: Naifeh James A. , Nock Matthew K. , Dempsey Catherine L. , Georg Matthew W. , Aliaga Pablo A. , Dinh Hieu M. , Fullerton Carol S. , Mash Holly B. Herberman , Kao Tzu‐Cheg , Sampson Nancy A. , Wynn Gary H. , Zaslavsky Alan M. , Stein Murray B. , Kessler Ronald C. , Ursano Robert J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionEmotion reactivity (ER) and distress intolerance (DI) may be associated with increased suicide attempt (SA) risk among U.S. Army soldiers.MethodIn this case–control study, 74 soldiers recently hospitalized for SA (cases) were compared with 133 control soldiers from the same Army installations selected based on either propensity score matching (n = 103) or reported 12‐month suicide ideation (SI) (n = 30). Controls were weighted to represent the total Army population at the study sites and the subpopulation of 12‐month ideators. Participants completed questionnaires assessing ER, DI, and other psychosocial variables. Logistic regression analyses examined whether ER and DI differentiated SA cases from the general population and from 12‐month ideators before and after controlling for additional important risk factors (sociodemographic characteristics, stressors, mental disorders).ResultsIn univariate analyses, ER differentiated SA cases from both the general population (OR = 2.5[95%CI = 1.7–3.6]) and soldiers with 12‐month SI (OR = 2.5[95%CI = 1.3–4.6]). DI also differentiated cases from the general population (OR = 2.9[95%CI = 2.0–4.1]) and 12‐month ideators (OR = 1.9[95%CI = 1.1–3.5]). These associations persisted after controlling for sociodemographic variables, stressors, and mental disorders.ConclusionFindings provide evidence that higher ER and DI are associated with increased risk of SA among soldiers, even after adjusting for known risk factors. Prospective research with larger samples is needed.
Dynamic Stall Inception and Evolution Process Measured by High-Frequency Particle Image Velocimetry System in Low Specific Speed Impeller
Authors: Liu Xiao-Dong , Li Yao-Jun , Liu Zhu-Qing , Yang Wei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Stall in centrifugal pumps is a complicated flow phenomenon, which is detrimental to the pumps' safety and stable operation. Using a high-frequency particle image velocimetry (PIV) system (f = 10k Hz) and a bench-scale refractive index matching experimental setup, two measurement methods are introduced to observe the dynamic stall inception and evolution. In the first method, the flow rate was continuously reduced at an interval of 0.005Qd, and the experiment was carried out under stable flow rate condition. It shows the flow adjacent to the blade suction side gradually evolved from the flow separation into a broken vortex. The stall vortex moved toward the impeller's inlet and continuously grew, and resulted in significant changes in the main flow direction at the channel inlet. The formation and development of the other vortex structures in channel were closely related to the stall vortex at the inlet. The second method is the dynamic flow rate measurement, and the results show that the stall is not caused by the increase in the relative inflow angle. It was obtained that the velocity value in the stall channel near the suction side rapidly decreased; however in the nonstall channel, the velocity value increased at the channel inlet. By analyzing the velocity distribution in both flow channels before and after the stall, the mechanism of alternating stall is well explained. Meanwhile, it was obtained that the stall was more likely to originate from the flow separation near the blade suction side for low specific speed impeller.
Investigation of Fault Modeling in the Identification of Bearing Wear Severity
Authors: Alves Diogo Stuani , Machado Tiago Henrique , da Silva Tuckmantel Felipe Wenzel , Keogh Patrick S. , Cavalca Katia Lucchesi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Recent research into machines involved in power generation processes has demanded deep investigation of model-based techniques for fault diagnosis and identification. The improvement of critical fault characterization is crucial in the maintenance process effectiveness, hence in time/costs saving, increasing performance and productivity of the whole system. Consequently, this paper deals with a common fault in hydrodynamically lubricated bearings assembled in rotating systems, namely, that of abrasive wear. Research on this topic points to an interesting query about the significance of model detail and complexity and the identification of its characteristic parameters for the important stages of fault diagnosis and fault identification. For this purpose, two models are presented and analyzed in their completeness concerning the fault signature by vibration measurements, as well as the identification of fault critical parameters which determine the machine lifetime estimation, maintenance procedures, and time costs regarding performance and productivity. From this study, the detailing in fault modeling has a substantial impact on fault parameter identification, even if its improvement is not so expressive in fault diagnosis procedures involving standard signal processing techniques of vibration signatures.
Investigating the Dynamic Characteristics of the Hydrostatic Bearing Spindle System With Active Piezoelectric Restrictors
Authors: Zhang Yixin , Pan Wei , Zhan Shuo , Huang Ran , Chen Shujiang , Lu Changhou 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Studies show that active control technology can improve system performance and meet the increasing industrial demand in diverse applications. In the present study, the dynamic characteristics of the bearing spindle system based on active piezoelectric restrictors, including the amplitude frequency and phase-frequency characteristics, are analyzed theoretically and experimentally. In the analysis, the influence of the pipeline model on the system characteristics is studied. Then, the feasibility and effectiveness of the active control method are verified through experiments. It is demonstrated that the theoretical and experimental results are consistent. The present study is expected to provide a guideline for further investigations on the structural optimization and control law design for active hydrostatic oil film bearing spindle systems.
DelIrium VULnerability in GEriatrics (DIVULGE) study: a protocol for a prospective observational study of electroencephalogram associations with incident postoperative delirium
Authors: Boord Monique S , Davis Daniel H J , Psaltis Peter J , Coussens Scott W , Feuerriegel Daniel , Garrido Marta I , Bourke Alice , Keage Hannah A D 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionDelirium is a neurocognitive disorder common in older adults in acute care settings. Those who develop delirium are at an increased risk of dementia, cognitive decline and death. Electroencephalography (EEG) during delirium in older adults is characterised by slowing and reduced functional connectivity, but markers of vulnerability are poorly described. We aim to identify EEG spectral power and event-related potential (ERP) markers of incident delirium in older adults to understand neural mechanisms of delirium vulnerability. Characterising delirium vulnerability will provide substantial theoretical advances and outcomes have the potential to be translated into delirium risk assessment tools.Methods and analysisWe will record EEG in 90 participants over 65 years of age prior to elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We will record 4-minutes of resting state (eyes open and eyes closed) and a 5-minute frequency auditory oddball paradigm. Outcome measures will include frequency band power, 1/f offset and slope, and ERP amplitude measures. Participants will undergo cognitive and EEG testing before their elective procedures and daily postoperative delirium assessments. Group allocation will be done retrospectively by linking preoperative EEG data according to postoperative delirium status (presence, severity, duration and subtype).Ethics and disseminationThis study is approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network and the University of South Australia Human Ethics Committee. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal articles and presentations at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberACTRN12618001114235 and ACTRN12618000799257.