bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungskonzept zum Einfluss hoher Dehnraten auf die Zahnfußtragfähigkeit
Authors: Trippe Moritz , Lövenich Johannes , Malinowski Oscar , Brecher Christian , Brimmers Jens , Neus Stephan 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Einsatz von Getrieben in elektrifizierten Antriebssträngen und Flugzeugturbinen führt zu höheren Betriebsdrehzahlen und einer höheren Anzahl von Lastwechseln. Lastwechselzahlen von N > 107 im Ultra High Cycle Fatigue (UHCF) Bereich bewirken eine Abnahme der Dauerfestigkeit von Einsatzstählen. Außerdem steigt mit zunehmender Drehzahl die Dehnrate im Zahnfuß, was ebenfalls einen Einfluss auf die Dauerfestigkeit hat. Aufgrund der geringen Drehzahlen konventioneller Verspannungsprüfstände ist eine Untersuchung der Dehnrateneffekte heute nicht möglich. Darüber hinaus ist die Untersuchung des UHCF-Bereichs wegen der langen Prüfzeiten unwirtschaftlich.Ziel des Berichts ist ein Prüfstandskonzept zur Untersuchung des Einflusses höherer Dehnraten auf die Zahnfußtragfähigkeit von Zahnrädern bei hohen Drehzahlen. Zunächst werden die Leistungsanforderungen an das neue Prüfstandskonzept abgeleitet. Basierend auf diesen Anforderungen wird das Prüfgetriebe unter Verwendung der Norm ISO 6336 ausgelegt. Die Auslegung wird mit einer FE-basierten Zahnkontaktanalyse verifiziert und die erreichbaren Dehnraten im Betrieb analysiert. Abschließend wird das Prüfstandskonzept hinsichtlich der Lastaufbringung, des Lagerkonzepts, des Schmierungskonzepts und der möglichen Schadenserkennung vorgestellt. Der Prüfstand bietet die Möglichkeit, höhere Dehnraten zu untersuchen. Zusätzlich kann der UHCF-Bereich von Getrieben effizienter untersucht werden.
Content-Based Estimation of Brain MRI Tilt in Three Orthogonal Directions
Authors: Prabhu Pooja , Karunakar A. K. , Sinha Sanjib , Mariyappa N. , Bhargava G. K. , Velmurugan J. , Anitha H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn a general scenario, the brain images acquired from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may experience tilt, distorting brain MR images. The tilt experienced by the brain MR images may result in misalignment during image registration for medical applications. Manually correcting (or estimating) the tilt on a large scale is time-consuming, expensive, and needs brain anatomy expertise. Thus, there is a need for an automatic way of performing tilt correction in three orthogonal directions (X,Y,Z). The proposed work aims to correct the tilt automatically by measuring the pitch angle, yaw angle, and roll angle inX-axis,Z-axis, andY-axis, respectively. For correction of the tilt around theZ-axis (pointing to the superior direction), image processing techniques, principal component analysis, and similarity measures are used. Also, for correction of the tilt around theX-axis (pointing to the right direction), morphological operations, and tilt correction around theY-axis (pointing to the anterior direction), orthogonal regression is used. The proposed approach was applied to adjust the tilt observed in the T1- and T2-weighted MR images. The simulation study with the proposed algorithm yielded an error of 0.40 ± 0.09°, and it outperformed the other existing studies. The tilt angle (in degrees) obtained is ranged from 6.2 ± 3.94, 2.35 ± 2.61, and 5 ± 4.36 inX-,Z-, andY-directions, respectively, by using the proposed algorithm. The proposed work corrects the tilt more accurately and robustly when compared with existing studies.
Studying the evolution of social behaviour in one of Darwin’s Dreamponds: a case for the Lamprologine shell-dwelling cichlids
Authors: Lein Etienne , Jordan Alex 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe link between the evolution of advanced sociality and cognition has been an important concept across fields and taxonomic boundaries. However, in many study systems, ecological and phylogenetic confounds impair evolutionary inferences drawn when comparing social organization. Here, we highlight the value of the shell-dwelling Lamprologine cichlids of Lake Tanganyika in studies of cognitive and social evolution. These species show differences in social organization, both within and across species, but otherwise exhibit remarkable similarities in their ecology and life history. We focus on the ecological and social attributes of 15 Lamprologine cichlids that live in permanent association with empty gastropod shells, often in syntopy and with largely overlapping ecological niches. We then discuss difficulties with terminology and categorization of social organization, outlining current and emerging methodologies to address these limitations. Our goal is twofold: (i) to gather available empirical evidence on the behaviour, life history, and ecology of shell-dwelling Lamprologine cichlids, highlighting their potential in comparative studies of cognition and evolution, and (ii) to stimulate debate and critical appraisal of current terminology and categorizations of social structure, ideally leading to more precise and empirically standardized definitions of sociality in cichlids.
Ergodicity for Singular-Degenerate Stochastic Porous Media Equations
Authors: Neuß Marius 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe long time behaviour of solutions to generalized stochastic porous media equations on bounded intervals with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions is studied. We focus on a degenerate form of nonlinearity arising in self-organized criticality. Based on the so-called lower bound technique, the existence and uniqueness of an invariant measure is proved.
The serum 25(OH)D level and hand grip strength for fall risk assessment among osteoporotic elderly Japanese women
Authors: Nagai Takashi , Okano Ichiro , Ishikawa Koji , Kuroda Takuma , Oshita Yusuke , Tsuchiya Koki , Tani Soji , Okamura Hiroki , Sakamoto Keizo , Inagaki Katsunori 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Summary

We investigated the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels, grip strength, and fall score in elderly osteoporotic women for fall risk assessment. Both low serum 25(OH)D and low grip strength were independently associated with increased fall risk. The serum 25(OH)D cutoff specific to increased fall risk was 14 mg/dL (35 nmol/L).

Purpose
This study aimed to establish a cutoff value of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) for fall assessment and investigate the relationship between serum 25(OH)D, grip strength, and fall score adjusted for age in osteoporotic elderly Japanese women.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study utilizing collected data of osteoporotic elderly (age ≥65 years) female patients. A questionnaire for fall risk assessment was used, in which a score ≥ 6 was determined as increased fall risk. Serum 25(OH)D levels and grip strength were measured, and the cutoff points were calculated by receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis. Logistic regression analysis with age adjustment was conducted for potential risk factors for fall.

Results
After applying eligibility criteria, finally, 349 patients were enrolled. The median patient age was 77.0 years, and the mean serum 25(OH)D level was 15.6 ng/mL (36 nmol/L). Based on the ROC analysis, we defined the cutoff values of serum 25(OH)D level and grip strength as 14 ng/mL (35 nmol/L) and 15 kg, respectively. A multivariate analysis adjusted for age was conducted. Low serum 25(OH)D level and grip strength were independent risk factors for ≥6 fall risk scores.

Conclusion
Both low serum 25(OH)D level and low grip strength were independently associated with increased fall risk score in osteoporotic elderly women. The appropriate serum 25(OH)D cutoff specific to the increased fall risk group in this population was 14 mg/dL (35 nmol/L). These findings might be used for the identification of patients with high fall risks. These results should be confirmed in other patient groups.
Thermodynamic Refractory Corrosion Model for Ferronickel Manufacturing
Authors: Sagadin Christoph , Luidold Stefan , Wagner Christoph , Pichler Christoph , Kreuzer Daniel , Spanring Alfred , Antrekowitsch Helmut , Clarke Amy , Clarke Kester 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A thermodynamic model, based on SimuSage, was developed to simulate refractory corrosion between a magnesia-based refractory material and ferronickel (FeNi) slags. The model considers a theoretical cross-section of a refractory material to simulate a ferronickel smelter application. The current model is structured into 10 zones, which characterize different sectors in the brick (hot to cold side) perpendicular to the refractory surface with an underlying temperature gradient. In each zone, the model calculates the equilibrium between the slag and a specified amount of refractory material. The emerging liquid phases are transferred to subsequent zones. Meanwhile, all solids remain in the calculated zone. This computational process repeats until a steady state is reached in each zone. The simulation results show that when FeNi slag infiltrates into the refractory material, the melt dissolves the magnesia-based refractory and forms silicates (Mg,Fe,Ca)2SiO4 and Al spinel ((Mg,Fe)Al2O4). Furthermore, it was observed that iron oxide from the slag reacts with the refractory and generates magnesiowustite (Mg,Fe)O. Practical lab-scale tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) characterization confirmed the formation of these minerals. Finally, the refractory corrosion model (RCM) ultimately provides a pathway for improving refractory lifetimes and performance.
Mindfulness related changes in grey matter: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pernet Cyril R. , Belov Nikolai , Delorme Arnaud , Zammit Alison 
Published: February 2021

AbstractKnowing target regions undergoing strfuncti changes caused by behavioural interventions is paramount in evaluating the effectiveness of such practices. Here, using a systematic review approach, we identified 25 peer-reviewed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies demonstrating grey matter changes related to mindfulness meditation. An activation likelihood estimation (ALE) analysis (n = 16) revealed the right anterior ventral insula as the only significant region with consistent effect across studies, whilst an additional functional connectivity analysis indicates that both left and right insulae, and the anterior cingulate gyrus with adjacent paracingulate gyri should also be considered in future studies. Statistical meta-analyses suggest medium to strong effect sizes from Cohen’s d ~ 0.8 in the right insula to ~ 1 using maxima across the whole brain. The systematic review revealed design issues with selection, information, attrition and confirmation biases, in addition to weak statistical power. In conclusion, our analyses show that mindfulness meditation practice does induce grey matter changes but also that improvements in methodology are needed to establish mindfulness as a therapeutic intervention.
Remote Ischemic Postconditioning vs. Physical Exercise After Stroke: an Alternative Rehabilitation Strategy?
Authors: Geng Xiaokun , Wang Qingzhu , Lee Hangil , Huber Christian , Wills Melissa , Elkin Kenneth , Li Fengwu , Ji Xunming , Ding Yuchuan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThere remain debates on neuroprotection and rehabilitation techniques for acute ischemic stroke patients. Therapeutic physical exercise following stroke has shown promise but is challenging to apply clinically. Ischemic conditioning, which has several clinical advantages, is a potential neuroprotective method for stroke rehabilitation that is less understood. In the present study, the rehabilitative properties and mechanisms of physical exercise and remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) after stroke were compared and determined. A total of 248 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: (1) sham, (2) stroke, (3) stroke with intense treadmill exercise, (4) stroke with mild treadmill exercise, and (5) stroke with RIPostC. Focal ischemia was evaluated by infarct volume and neurological deficit. Long-term functional outcomes were represented through neurobehavioral function tests: adhesive removal, beam balance, forelimb placing, grid walk, rota-rod, and Morris water maze. To further understand the mechanisms underlying neurorehabilitation and verify the presence thereof, we measured mRNA and protein levels of neuroplasticity factors, synaptic proteins, angiogenesis factors, and regulation molecules, including HIF-1α, BDNF, TrkB, and CREB. The key role of HIF-1α was elucidated by using the inhibitor, YC-1. Both exercise intensities and RIPostC significantly decreased infarct volumes and neurological deficits and outperformed the stroke group in the neurobehavioral function tests. All treatment groups showed significant increases in mRNA and protein expression levels of the target molecules for neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and angiogenesis, with intermittent further increases in the RIPostC group. HIF-1α inhibition nullified most beneficial effects and indicative molecule expressions, including HIF-1α, BDNF, TrkB, and CREB, in both procedures. RIPostC is equally, or superiorly, effective in inducing neuroprotection and rehabilitation compared to exercise in ischemic rats. HIF-1α likely plays an important role in the efficacy of neuroplasticity conditioning, possibly through HIF-1α/BDNF/TrkB/CREB regulation.
A new piece in the puzzle for the riverine slugs of the Acochlidiidae (Gastropoda: Panpulmonata: Acochlidimorpha) helps tracing steps of their freshwater invasion
Authors: Brenzinger Bastian , Glaubrecht Matthias , Jörger Katharina M. , Schrödl Michael , Neusser Timea P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGastropods (slugs and snails) are prominent and species-rich faunal elements in marine and terrestrial habitats of the tropics. While several clades of snails inhabit freshwater systems, slugs are extremely rare in freshwater: only the centimeter-sized Acochlidiidae, with currently three genera, contain more than one species and live in the lower reaches of island streams in an area comprising Eastern Indonesia, Fiji, and Palau. Where known, the species of this unique group are specialized predators of other amphidromous snails’ egg capsules (Neritidae) and their reproductive biology and adaptations to life in freshwater are complex. Acochlidiidae are thus of special interest for evolutionary biology and ecology. We here describe a new genus of unusually bluish-green acochlidiid to date known only from a single locality on the island of Ambon, Indonesia. Previous molecular data found this charismatic species to link slender Strubellia slugs with broad and flattened Acochlidium and Palliohedyle. We establish Wallacellia siputbiru n. gen. n. sp., the “blue slug” in Bahasa Indonesia, by using scanning electron microscopy of cuticular elements, light microscopy of serial semithin histological sections of the soft body, and 3D reconstruction of all organ systems based on these sections. Special structures of this seemingly rare endemic species include the enlarged kidney and the huge copulatory organ. Our data now clarify that, in the invasion of freshwater habitats in Acochlidiidae, sexual selection (the anterior three-part copulatory organ) preceded ecological selection (posterior flattened habitus with branched or multiplied internal organs).
Global behavior of a third order difference equation with quadratic term
Authors: Abo-Zeid R. , Kamal H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we solve and study the global behavior of the admissible solutions of the difference equation $$\begin{aligned} x_{n+1}=\frac{x_{n}x_{n-2}}{-ax_{n-1}+bx_{n-2}}, \quad n=0,1,\ldots , \end{aligned}$$

x

n
+
1

=

x
n

x

n
-
2

-
a

x

n
-
1

+
b

x

n
-
2

,

n
=
0
,
1
,
…
,

where $$a, b>0$$

a
,
b
>
0

and the initial values $$x_{-2}$$

x

-
2

, $$x_{-1}$$

x

-
1

, $$x_{0}$$

x
0

are real numbers.
Mediated Generalization and Stimulus Equivalence
Authors: Eilifsen Christoffer , Arntzen Erik 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFrom the 1930s to the 1970s a large number of experimental studies on mediated generalization were published, and this research tradition provided an important context for early research on stimulus equivalence. Mediated generalization and stimulus equivalence have several characteristics in common, notably that both traditions seek to experimentally investigate derived responding among arbitrarily related stimuli in human participants. Although studies of stimulus equivalence are currently being regularly published, few studies investigate mediated generalization in humans today, and the research tradition is mainly of historical interest. The current article will give an account of the origin, the development, and the demise of research on mediated generalization, including a presentation of publication trends, experimental methodology, and the conceptual context research on mediated generalization took place within. Finally, some thoughts on the demise of mediated generalization and its relevance for modern research on stimulus equivalence and other types of derived responding are presented, including reflections on the observability of explanatory variables and the use of inferential statistics.
Infrared and visible image fusion based on optimal segmenting and contour extraction
Authors: Abbasi Aghamaleki Javad , Ghorbani Alireza 
Published: February 2021

AbstractImage fusion is the combining process of complementary information of multiple same scene images into an output image. The resultant output image that is named fused image, produces more precise description of the scene than any of the individual input images. In this paper, we propose a novel simple and fast strategy for infrared (IR) and visible images based on local important areas of IR image. The fusion method is completed in three step approach. Firstly, only the segmented regions in the infrared image is extracted. Next, the image fusion is applied on segmented area and finally, contour lines are also used to improve the quality of the results of the second step of fusion method. Using a publicly available database, the proposed method is evaluated and compared to the other fusion methods. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to the state of the art methods.
Recent advances in cancer photo-theranostics: the synergistic combination of transition metal complexes and gold nanostructures
Authors: Ricciardi Loredana , La Deda Massimo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this mini review, we highlight advances in the last five years in light-activated cancer theranostics by using hybrid systems consisting of transition metal complexes (TMCs) and plasmonic gold nanostructures (AuNPs). TMCs are molecules with attractive properties and high potential in biomedical application. Due to their antiproliferative abilities, platinum-based compounds are currently first-choice drugs for the treatment of several solid tumors. Moreover, ruthenium, iridium and platinum complexes are well-known for their ability to photogenerate singlet oxygen, a highly cytotoxic reactive species with a key role in photodynamic therapy. Their potential is further extended by the unique photophysical properties, which make TMCs particularly suitable for bioimaging. Recently, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely investigated as one of the leading nanomaterials in cancer theranostics. AuNPs—being an inert and highly biocompatible material—represent excellent drug delivery systems, overcoming most of the side effects associated with the systemic administration of anticancer drugs. Furthermore, due to the thermoplasmonic properties, AuNPs proved to be efficient nano-sources of heat for photothermal therapy application. Therefore, the hybrid combination TMC/AuNPs could represent a synergistic merger of multiple functionalities for combinatorial cancer therapy strategies. Herein, we report the most recent examples of TMC/AuNPs systems in in-vitro in-vivo cancer tharanostics application whose effects are triggered by light-exposure in the Vis–NIR region, leading to a spatial and temporal control of the TMC/AuNPs activation for light-mediated precision therapeutics.
Things in the air: tagging wearable IoT information on drone videos
Authors: Van Lan-Da , Zhang Ling-Yan , Chang Chun-Hao , Tong Kit-Lun , Wu Kun-Ru , Tseng Yu-Chee 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDrones have been applied to a wide range of security and surveillance applications recently. With drones, Internet of Things are extending to 3D space. An interesting question is: Can we conduct person identification (PID) in a drone view? Traditional PID technologies such as RFID and fingerprint/iris/face recognition have their limitations or require close contact to specific devices. Hence, these traditional technologies can not be easily deployed to drones due to dynamic change of view angle and height. In this work, we demonstrate how to retrieve IoT data from users’ wearables and correctly tag them on the human objects captured by a drone camera to identify and track ground human objects. First, we retrieve human objects from videos and conduct coordination transformation to handle the change of drone positions. Second, a fusion algorithm is applied to measure the correlation of video data and inertial data based on the extracted human motion features. Finally, we can couple human objects with their wearable IoT devices, achieving our goal of tagging wearable device data (such as personal profiles) on human objects in a drone view. Our experimental evaluation shows a recognition rate of 99.5% for varying walking paths, and 98.6% when the drone’s camera angle is within 37°. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work integrating videos from drone cameras and IoT data from inertial sensors.
QoE in IoT: a vision, survey and future directions
Authors: Fizza Kaneez , Banerjee Abhik , Mitra Karan , Jayaraman Prem Prakash , Ranjan Rajiv , Patel Pankesh , Georgakopoulos Dimitrios 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe rapid evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) is making way for the development of several IoT applications that require minimal or no human involvement in the data collection, transformation, knowledge extraction, and decision-making (actuation) process. To ensure that such IoT applications (we term them autonomic) function as expected, it is necessary to measure and evaluate their quality, which is challenging in the absence of any human involvement or feedback. Existing Quality of Experience (QoE) literature and most QoE definitions focuses on evaluating application quality from the lens of human receiving application services. However, in autonomic IoT applications, poor quality of decisions and resulting actions can degrade the application quality leading to economic and social losses. In this paper, we present a vision, survey and future directions for QoE research in IoT. We review existing QoE definitions followed by a survey of techniques and approaches in the literature used to evaluate QoE in IoT. We identify and review the role of data from the perspective of IoT architectures, which is a critical factor when evaluating the QoE of IoT applications. We conclude the paper by identifying and presenting our vision for future research in evaluating the QoE of autonomic IoT applications.