bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Albuminuria, proteinuria, and dipsticks: novel relationships and utility in risk prediction
Authors: Harrison Tyrone G. , Elliott Meghan J. , Ronksley Paul E. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose of review
Albuminuria is associated with progression of kidney disease and is the accepted gold standard for screening, staging, and prognostication of chronic kidney disease. This review focuses on current literature that has explored applications of albuminuria as a surrogate outcome, variable used in kidney failure risk prediction for novel populations, and variable that may be predicted by other proteinuria measures.

Recent findings
Change in albuminuria shows promise as a surrogate outcome for kidney failure, which may have major implications for trial design and conduct. The kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) has been validated extensively to date and has now been applied to pediatric patients with kidney disease, advanced age, different causes of kidney disease, various countries, and those with prior kidney transplants. As albumin-to-creatinine ratios (ACRs) are not always available to clinicians and researchers, two recent studies have independently developed equations to estimate ACR from other proteinuria measures.

Summary
The utility of albuminuria and the KFRE continues to grow in novel populations. With the ability to convert more widely available (and inexpensive) proteinuria measures to ACR estimates, the prospect of incorporating kidney failure risk prediction into routine care within economically challenged healthcare jurisdictions may finally be realized.
The Association Between Admission Anemia and Poststroke Depression
Authors: Cheng Jian-Hua , Wang Qiong-Zhang , Luan Xiao-Qian , Zhu Jie , Feng Wen-Qian , Huang Gui-Qian , Lin Sha-Sha , He Jin-Cai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Poststroke depression (PSD) is the most frequent and important neuropsychiatric problem afflicting these patients. Anemia is common in many of these individuals presenting with acute stroke. This study determined whether there is a relationship between anemia on hospital admission and PSD. Two hundred eighty-four acute stroke patients were included in the study. Among them, there were 88 PSD patients, whereas another 196 were non-PSD patients. Clinical depression symptoms were diagnosed according to DSM-4 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) criteria and a HAMD-17 (the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale) score ≥8 at 1 month after stroke. In the PSD patients, 27.3% of them presented with anemia, whereas only 12.8% of the non-PSD patients had this condition. There was a negative correlation between hemoglobin level and HAMD-17 score in all patients. A binary logistic regression analysis revealed that anemia was independently associated with PSD after adjustment for sex, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores, mRS (modified Rankin Scale) scores, BI (Barthel Index) scores, RBC (red blood cell), and hematocrit. In conclusion, anemia at admission is associated with PSD seen in these patients 1 month later. Therefore, anemia is a possible predictor of PSD.
DNP-Authored Articles in Peer-Reviewed Journals 2012-2018
Authors: Cortez Susan E. , Allen Sandra K. , Balevre Park S. , Rass Juanita Emily , Wechter Susan M. 
Published: March 2021

Background
The Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) nurse is recognized as a practice scholar in nursing and leadership; moreover, the volume of published scholarship from DNP authors is expanding.

Purpose
The aim of this research was to quantify and analyze DNP-authored peer-reviewed journal publications from 2012 through 2018.

Methods
This was a descriptive analysis of DNP graduate publications found in the WorldCat database from 2012 through 2018.

Results
Nearly 2000 (n = 1903) DNP-authored, peer-reviewed journal publications were extracted. Doctor of Nursing Practice–authored publications increased 136% from 2012 to 2018, including 1059 (56%) with DNP authors as first authors and 494 (26%) from DNP graduate solo authors. There were 1179 collaborative and interprofessional publications (62%).

Conclusions
The findings in this research demonstrate an increase in the number of DNP-authored scholarly publications since 2012. Scholarly publications by DNP authors expand the dissemination of knowledge and offer an avenue to improve health outcomes nationally and globally.
Geometric Distortion Correction of Renal Diffusion Tensor Imaging Using the Reversed Gradient Method
Authors: Lim Ruth P. , Lim Jeremy C. , Teruel Jose R. , Botterill Elissa , Seah Jas-mine , Farquharson Shawna , Ekinci Elif I. , Sigmund Eric E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Renal echo planar diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has clinical potential but suffers from geometric distortion. We evaluated feasibility of reversed gradient distortion correction in 10 diabetic patients and 6 volunteers. Renal area, apparent diffusion coefficient, fractional anisotropy, and tensor eigenvalues were measured on uncorrected and distortion-corrected DTI. Corrected DTI correlated better than uncorrected DTI (r = 0.904 vs 0.840, P = 0.002) with reference anatomic T2-weighted imaging, with no significant difference in DTI metrics.
The Rate of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Change With Diffusion Time on Breast Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Depends on Breast Tumor Types and Molecular Prognostic Biomarker Expression
Authors: Iima Mami , Kataoka Masako , Honda Maya , Ohashi Akane , Ohno Kishimoto Ayami , Ota Rie , Uozumi Ryuji , Urushibata Yuta , Feiweier Thorsten , Toi Masakazu , Nakamoto Yuji 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
The aim of this study was to investigate the variation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values with diffusion time according to breast tumor type and prognostic biomarkers expression.

Materials and Methods
A total of 201 patients with known or suspected breast tumors were prospectively enrolled in this study, and 132 breast tumors (86 malignant and 46 benign) were analyzed. Diffusion-weighted imaging scans with 2 diffusion times were acquired on a clinical 3-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner using oscillating and pulsed diffusion-encoding gradients (effective diffusion times, 4.7 and 96.6 milliseconds) and b values of 0 and 700 s/mm2. Diagnostic performances to differentiate malignant and benign breast tumors for ADC values at short and long diffusion times (ADCshort and ADClong), ΔADC (the rate of change in ADC values with diffusion time), ADC0–1000 (ADC value from a standard protocol), and standard reading including dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (BI-RADS) were investigated. The correlations of ADCshort, ADClong, and ΔADC values with hormone receptor expression and breast cancer subtypes were also analyzed.

Results
The ADC values were lower, and ΔADC was higher in malignant tumors compared with benign tumors. The specificity of ADC values at all diffusion times and ΔADC values for differentiating malignant and benign breast tumors was superior to that of BI-RADS (87.0%–95.7% vs 73.9%), whereas the sensitivity was inferior (87.2%–90.7% vs 100%). Lower ADCshort and ADC0–1000 in ER-positive compared with ER-negative cancers (false discovery rate [FDR]–adjusted P = 0.037 and 0.018, respectively) and lower ADCshort, ADClong, and ADC0–1000 in progesterone receptor–positive compared with progesterone receptor–negative cancers (FDR-adjusted P = 0.037, 0.036, and 0.018, respectively) were found. Ki-67–positive cancers had larger ΔADCs than Ki-67–negative cancers (FDR-adjusted P = 0.018).

Conclusions
The ADC values vary with different diffusion time and vary in correlation with molecular biomarkers, especially Ki-67. Those results suggest that the diffusion time, which should be reported, might be a useful parameter to consider for breast cancer management.
Cytokine Drizzle—The Rationale for Abandoning “Cytokine Storm”
Authors: Stolarski Allan E. , Kim Jiyoun , Zhang Qiuyang , Remick Daniel G. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
“Cytokine storm” has been used to implicate increased cytokine levels in the pathogenesis of serious clinical conditions. Similarities with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronoavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) and the 2012 Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome led early investigators to suspect a “cytokine storm” resulting in an unregulated inflammatory response associated with the significant morbidity and mortality induced by SARS CoV-2. The threshold of blood cytokines necessary to qualify as a “cytokine storm” has yet to be defined.

Methods:
A literature review was conducted to identify cytokine levels released during 11 assorted clinical conditions or diseases. Weighted averages for various cytokines were calculated by multiplying the number of patients in the paper by the average concentration of each cytokine. Correlation between cytokine levels for individual conditions or diseases were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results:
The literature was reviewed to determine blood levels of cytokines in a wide variety of clinical conditions. These conditions ranged from exercise and autoimmune disease to septic shock and therapy with chimeric antigen receptor T cells. The most frequently measured cytokine was IL-6 which ranged from 24,123 pg/mL in septic shock to 11 pg/mL after exercise. In patients with severe SARS CoV-2 infections, blood levels of IL-6 were only 43 pg/mL, nearly three magnitudes lower than IL-6 levels in patients with septic shock. The clinical presentations of these different diseases do not correlate with blood levels of cytokines. Additionally, there is poor correlation between the concentrations of different cytokines among the different diseases. Specifically, blood levels of IL-6 did not correlate with levels of IL-8, IL-10, or TNF. Septic shock had the highest concentrations of cytokines, yet multiple cytokine inhibitors have failed to demonstrate improved outcomes in multiple clinical trials. Patients with autoimmune diseases have very low blood levels of cytokines (rheumatoid arthritis, IL-6 = 34 pg/mL; Crohn's disease, IL-6 = 5 pg/mL), yet respond dramatically to cytokine inhibitors.

Conclusion:
The misleading term “cytokine storm” implies increased blood levels of cytokines are responsible for a grave clinical condition. Not all inflammatory conditions resulting in worsened disease states are correlated with significantly elevated cytokine levels, despite an association with the term “cytokine storm”. “Cytokine storm” should be removed from the medical lexicon since it does not reflect the mediators driving the disease nor does it predict which diseases will respond to cytokine inhibitors.
Tender Coconut Water Protects Mice From Ischemia-Reperfusion-Mediated Liver Injury and Secondary Lung Injury
Authors: Lakshmanan Jaganathan , Zhang Baochun , Wright Kalen , Motameni Amierreza T. , Herbst James L. , Harbrecht Brian G. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Organ injury by oxidative and inflammatory mediators occurs during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) of the liver. Remote organ injury secondary to liver I/R increases the systemic insult. Tender coconut water (TCW) has been studied in chemical and fructose-induced liver injury but its ability to decrease tissue injury in clinically relevant injury models is unknown. We evaluated the therapeutic potential of TCW in preventing liver I/R injury and associated remote organ injury. Mice were fed sugar water (SUG; control) or TCW for a week and then subjected to 60 min of liver ischemia followed by reperfusion for 6 h. Plasma alanine transaminase levels, tissue damage, and mRNA levels of Nos2, Tnf, and Il6 were significantly lower in mice fed TCW prior to I/R. Plasma cytokines followed liver cytokine patterns. TCW increased mRNA levels of the anti-oxidant genes Hmox1 and Ptgs2 in the liver of mice subjected to I/R. Remote lung injury from liver I/R was also decreased by TCW feeding as evident by less neutrophil infiltration, decreased pro-inflammatory Il6, and increased anti-inflammatory Il10 mRNA levels in the lung. To examine macrophage activation as a potential mechanism, TCW pretreatment decreased the amount of nitrite produced by RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated with LPS. The levels of Nos2, Il1b, Tnf, and Il6 were decreased while Il10 and Hmox1 mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated upon LPS stimulation of TCW pretreated RAW264.7 macrophages. Collectively, our results indicate that TCW decreased hepatic I/R-mediated damage to liver and lung and suggest that decreased macrophage activation contributes to this effect.
The Algorithm Examining the Risk of Massive Transfusion (ALERT) Score Accurately Predicts Massive Transfusion at the Scene of Injury and on Arrival to the Trauma Bay: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Chow Jonathan H. , Richards Justin E. , Galvagno Samuel M. , Coleman Patrick J. , Lankford Allison S. , Hendrix Cheralyn , Dunitz Jackson , Ibrahim Ikeoluwapo , Ghneim Mira , Tanaka Kenichi A. , Scalea Thomas M. , Mazzeffi Michael A. , Hu Peter 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Massive transfusion (MT) is required to resuscitate traumatically injured patients with complex derangements. Scoring systems for MT typically require laboratory values and radiological imaging that may delay the prediction of MT.

Study Design:
The Trauma ALgorithm Examining the Risk of massive Transfusion (Trauma ALERT) study was an observational cohort study. Prehospital and admission ALERT scores were constructed with logistic regression of prehospital and admission vitals, and FAST examination results. Internal validation was performed with bootstrap analysis and cross-validation.

Results:
The development cohort included 2,592 patients. Seven variables were included in the prehospital ALERT score: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), SpO2, motor Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and penetrating mechanism. Eight variables from 2,307 patients were included in the admission ALERT score: admission SBP, HR, RR, GCS score, temperature, FAST examination result, and prehospital SBP and DBP.
The area under the receiving operator characteristic curve for the prehospital and admission models were 0.754 (95% bootstrapped CI 0.735–0.794, P < 0.001) and 0.905 (95% bootstrapped CI 0.867–0.923, P < 0.001), respectively. The prehospital ALERT score had equivalent diagnostic accuracy to the ABC score (P = 0.97), and the admission ALERT score outperformed both the ABC and the prehospital ALERT scores (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
The prehospital and admission ALERT scores can accurately predict massive transfusion in trauma patients without the use of time-consuming laboratory studies, although prospective studies need to be performed to validate these findings. Early identification of patients who will require MT may allow for timely mobilization of scarce resources and could benefit patients by making blood products available for treating hemorrhagic shock.
Thrombin Generation Following Severe Trauma: Mechanisms, Modulators, and Implications for Hemostasis and Thrombosis
Authors: Cardenas Jessica C. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Thrombin is the central coagulation enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to form insoluble fibrin blood clots. In vivo, thrombin production results from the concerted effort of plasma enzymatic reactions with essential contributions from circulating and vessel wall cells. The relative amount of thrombin produced directly dictates the structure and stability of fibrin clots; therefore, sufficient thrombin generation is essential for normal hemostasis to occur. Examination of thrombin generation phenotypes among severely injury trauma patients reveals important relationships between the potential for generating thrombin and risks of bleeding and thrombotic complications. Thus, understanding determinants of thrombin generation following traumatic injury is of high clinical importance. This review will focus on patterns and mechanisms of thrombin generation in severely injured patients, the role of fluid resuscitation in modulating thrombin generation and implications for outcomes.
Covid-19 impact on Parkinson’s Disease patients treated by drugs or deep brain stimulation
Authors: Salari Mehri , Etemadifar Masoud , Zali Alireza , Aminzade Zahra , Farsinejad Parsa , Fateh Sepand Tehrani 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeCovid-19 has affected all people, especially those with chronic diseases, including Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Covid-19 may affect both motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms of PD patients. We intend to evaluate different aspects of Covid-19 impact on PD patients.Methods647 PD patients were evaluated in terms of PD-related and Covid-19-related clinical presentations in addition to past medical history during the pandemic through an online questioner. They were compared with an age-matched control group consist of 673 individuals and a sample of the normal population consist of 1215 individuals.ResultsThe prevalence of Covid-19 in PD patients was 11.28%. The mortality was 1.23% among PD patients. The prevalence of Covid-19 in PD patients who undergone DBS was 18.18%. No significant association was found between the duration of disease and the prevalence of Covid-19. A statistically significant higher prevalence of Covid-19 in PD patients who had direct contact with SARS-CoV-19 infected individuals was found. No statistically significant association has been found between the worsening of motor symptoms and Covid-19. PD patients and the normal population may differ in the prevalence of some psychological disorders, including anxiety and sleeping disorders, and Covid-19 may affect the psychological status.ConclusionPD patients possibly follow tighter preventive protocols, which lead to lower prevalence and severity of Covid-19 and its consequences in these patients. Although it seems Covid-19 does not affect motor and psychological aspects of PD as much as it was expected, more accurate evaluations are suggested in order to clarify such effects.
Efficient Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Using Chimeric Antisense Oligonucleotides through RNase L Activation
Authors: Su Xiaoxuan , Ma Wenxiao , Cheng Boyang , Wang Qian , Guo Zefeng , Zhou Demin , Tang Xinjing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThere is an urgent need for effective antiviral drugs to alleviate the current COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we rationally designed and developed chimeric antisense oligonucleotides to degrade envelope and spike RNAs of SARS-CoV-2. Each oligonucleotide comprises a 3’ antisense sequence for target recognition and a 5’-phosphorylated 2’-5’ poly(A)4 for guided ribonuclease L (RNase L) activation. Since RNase L can potently cleave single strand RNA during innate antiviral response, the improved degradation efficiency of chimeric oligonucleotides was twice as much as classic antisense oligonucleotides in Vero cells, for both SARS-CoV-2 RNA targets. In pseudovirus infection models, one of chimeric oligonucleotides targeting spike RNA achieved potent and broad-spectrum inhibition of both SARS-CoV-2 and its recently reported N501Y and/or ΔH69/ΔV70 mutants. These results showed that the constructed chimeric oligonucleotides could efficiently degrade pathogenic RNA of SARS-CoV-2 facilitated by immune activation, showing promising potentials as antiviral nucleic acid drugs for COVID-19.
A review on the interactions of robotic systems and lean principles in offsite construction
Authors: Gusmao Brissi Sara , Wong Chong Oscar , Debs Luciana , Zhang Jiansong 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose is two-fold: (1) to explore the interactions of robotic systems and lean construction in the context of offsite construction (OC) that were addressed in the literature published between 2008 and 2019 and (2) to identify the gaps in such interactions while discussing how addressing those gaps can benefit not only OC but the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry as a whole.Design/methodology/approachFirst, a systematic literature review (SLR) identified journal papers addressing the interactions of automation and lean in OC. Then, the researchers focused the analysis on the under-researched subtopic of robotic systems. The focused analysis includes discussing the interactions identified in the SLR through a matrix of interactions and utilizing literature beyond the previously identified articles for future research directions on robotic systems and lean construction in OC.FindingsThe study found 35 journal papers that addressed automation and lean in the context of OC. Most of the identified literature focused on interactions of BIM and lean construction, while only nine focused on the interactions of robotic systems and lean construction. Identified literature related to robotic systems mainly addressed robots and automated equipment. Additional interactions were identified in the realm of wearable devices, unmanned aerial vehicles/automated guided vehicles and digital fabrication/computer numerical control (CNC) machines.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies dedicated to exploring the interactions of robotic systems and lean construction in OC. Also, it proposes a categorization for construction automation and a matrix of interactions between construction automation and lean construction.
Effets Potentiels de Court‐terme de la Pandémie de la COVID‐19 sur la Pauvreté dans les Pays de l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UEMOA)
Authors: Wonyra Kwami Ossadzifo , Lanie Tomgouani , Sanoussi Yacobou 
Published: March 2021

RésuméLes conséquences socio‐économiques de la crise sanitaire liée à la COVID‐19 ont montré la nécessité de s'interroger sur les effets de cette crise sur les objectifs de développement comme la réduction de la pauvreté afin d'apporter aux décideurs les informations nécessaires pour la mise en œuvre des politiques efficaces. Dans cet article, nous apportons notre contribution à la littérature récente qui traite des effets de la COVID‐19 sur la pauvreté dans l'UEMOA. Nous avons estimé les effets potentiels de court‐terme de la COVID‐19 sur la pauvreté dans les pays de l'UEMOA suivant trois scénarios de réduction du revenu des ménages de 5%; 10% et 25% et en utilisant l'outil PovcalNet. Les résultats montrent que l'incidence de la pauvreté pourrait augmenter dans les pays de l'UEMOA et la dynamique de réduction de la pauvreté observée depuis les années 2000 risque d'être ébranlée par la pandémie. En effet, le nombre de nouveaux pauvres dans l'Union pourrait s'établir entre 4 et 21 millions au seuil de pauvreté de 1,9 $US. Cette situation qui constitue une véritable menace à l'élimination de la pauvreté d'ici 2030 est plus accentuée dans certains pays comme le Sénégal, la Côte d'Ivoire et le Bénin.