bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second instance of co‐occurring 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and Williams syndrome
Authors: Uhles Crescenda L. , Barnes Shirelle , Uddin Naseem , Umaña Luis A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present an 18‐month‐old male with Tetralogy of Fallot, retrognathia, short stature, global developmental delay, and dysmorphic features who was found to have dual diagnoses of both Williams syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). To our knowledge, this is the second case of such a co‐occurrence documented in the medical literature. Our patient presents with a blended physical phenotype of these two conditions and a behavioral phenotype that is distinct from what is typically observed in either disorder alone. We compare our patient's phenotype to the previously reported case and to the typical phenotypes for each individual condition. Additionally, we discuss why the occurrence of these two disorders together seems to be so rare, and the benefit of a genetics evaluation to an inpatient service team and the patient.
Ganzheitliche Betrachtung in der Materialentwicklung: Wasser‐Elektrolyse als Fallbeispiel
Authors: Klemenz Sebastian , Stegmüller Andreas , Yoon Songhak , Felser Claudia , Tüysüz Harun , Weidenkaff Anke 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAngesichts des steigenden ökologischen Bewusstseins zielt die Materialentwicklung in erster Linie auf die Verbesserung der Leistung und Effizienz innovativer und komplexerer Materialien ab. Eine Leistungsbewertung von Werkstoffen sollte jedoch wesentliche Aspekte von Materialien einbeziehen: Umweltauswirkungen, wirtschaftliche Zwänge, technische Machbarkeit usw. Daher wollen wir die Einbeziehung von Nachhaltigkeitskriterien bereits während des Materialdesignprozesses anstoßen. Mit einem solchen ganzheitlichen Designansatz ist es wahrscheinlicher, dass neue Produkte die Anforderungen der Kreislaufwirtschaft erfüllen, als wenn traditionelle Entwicklungsstrategien verfolgt werden. Am Beispiel von Katalysatoren für die Wasserelektrolyse präsentieren wir eine auf experimentellen Daten basierende Modellierungsmethode zur ganzheitlichen Bewertung von Prozessen.
Harbour porpoises exhibit localized evasion of a tidal turbine
Authors: Gillespie Douglas , Palmer Laura , Macaulay Jamie , Sparling Carol , Hastie Gordon 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Tidal energy generators have the potential to injure or kill marine animals, including small cetaceans, through collisions with moving turbine parts. Information on the fine scale behaviour of animals close to operational turbines is required to inform regulators of the likely impact of these new technologies.
Harbour porpoise movements were monitored in three dimensions around a tidal turbine for 451 days between October 2017 and April 2019 with a 12‐channel hydrophone array.
Echolocation clicks from 344 porpoise events were localized close to the turbine. The data show that porpoises effectively avoid the turbine rotors, with only a single animal clearly passing through the rotor swept area while the rotors were stationary, and none passing through while rotating.
The results indicate that the risk of collisions between the tidal turbine and porpoises is low; this has important implications for the potential effects and the sustainable development of the tidal energy industry.
Genital anatomy and copulatory interactions in the broad snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris)
Authors: Moore Brandon C. , Kelly Diane A. , Piva Milan , Does Mark , Kim Dong Kyu , Simoncini Melina , Leiva Pamela M.L. , Pina Carlos I. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe broad snouted caiman is a crocodylian native to South America that is subject to extensive conservation management in both wild and farming environments. Although reproductive behaviors like egg laying and clutch care have been examined in this species, little else is known about their copulatory system. We examined the anatomy of male and female cloacal and genital tissues ex vivo to build hypotheses of their interactions during copulation and the effects of that interaction on insemination. Male phallic glans tissues were artificially inflated to expand into their copulatory state, allowing the examination and quantification of structural changes at the gross and tissue levels. Digital reconstruction of MRI stacks yielded three‐dimensional tissue compartment specific glans models of the inflated state. Silicone molds of female cloacae and oviducts in conjunction with dissection and diceCT analysis allowed us to assess internal geometry and infer how male and female features interact in copulo. We observed glans expansion within the female proctodeum would result in a copulatory lock limiting deeper intromission or retraction. Intromission and subsequent creation of the copulatory lock produces extensive clitoral compression, providing a possible mechanism for female assessment of male copulatory performance. Further, glans expansion forms a distal lumen that positions the glans tip in or near the vaginal openings. A coiled, muscular vagina provides a possible mechanism for postcopulatory sexual selection by excluding semen. Together, the complex male–female interaction supports evidence for cryptic selection by female choice, which can act as a driver of genital coevolution.
Gold‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of Polyfluoroalkylated Oxazoles from N‐Propargylamides Under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Liu Yantao , Shi Yating , Wei Lanen , Zhao Ke , Zhao Jingjing , Zhang Puyu , Xu Xuejun , Li Pan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA gold‐catalyzed synthesis of polyfluoroalkylated oxazoles from N‐propargylamides under visible‐light irradiation has been developed. These reactions display excellent compatibility of radicals and gold catalysts under visible‐light irradiation. Mechanistic experiments indicate that polyfluoroalkyl iodides play a dual role in enhanced compatibility of radicals and gold catalysts through assisted protodeauration of vinyl gold and reactivated the gold catalyst. In addition, PPh3AuNTf2 not only activates N‐propargylamide to generate vinyl gold intermediate, but also greatly promotes homolysis of polyfluoroalkyl iodides under blue light irradiation.
Thermally‐Induced Intramolecular [4+2] Cycloaddition of Allylamino‐ or Allyloxy‐Tethered Alkylidenecyclopropanes
Authors: Tao Leyi , Wei Yin , Shi Min 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA thermally‐induced intramolecular [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of allylamino‐ or allyloxy‐tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes has been reported in this paper, giving a new protocol for the rapid construction of polycyclic skeleton molecules in moderate to excellent yields with a broad substrate scope. On the basis of control experiments and DFT calculations, we disclosed that the reaction proceeded through a [4+2] cycloaddition and trace of water assisted 1,3‐H shift process to give the target product.
Output feedback finite‐time dissipative control for uncertain nonlinear fractional‐order systems
Authors: Thi Hong Duong , Huu Sau Nguyen , Viet Thuan Mai 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper solves the robustly finite‐time dissipativity control problems for uncertain nonlinear fractional‐order systems (FOS). Firstly, by using some basic mathematical transformations associated with linear matrix inequality (LMI) techniques, a novel condition for the existence of output feedback controllers is established to ensure the closed‐loop FOS is finite‐time stabilizable. Then, based on the proposed stabilization criterion combined with some well‐known properties of fractional calculus, the finite‐time dissipativity control problem for nonlinear FOS subject to uncertainties is studied for the first time. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Palladium‐Catalyzed C−H Bond Arylation of Cyclometalated Difluorinated 2‐Arylisoquinolinyl Iridium(III) Complexes
Authors: Peng Marie , Lin Jinqiang , Lu Wei , Roisnel Thierry , Guerchais Véronique , Doucet Henri , Soulé Jean‐François 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe utility of C−H bond functionalization of metalated ligands for the elaboration of aryl‐functionalized difluorinated‐1‐arylisoquinolinyl Ir(III) complexes has been explored. Bis[(3,5‐difluorophenyl)isoquinolinyl](2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐3,5‐heptanedionato) iridium(III) undergoes Pd‐catalyzed C−H bond arylation with aryl bromides. The reaction regioselectively occurred at the C−H bond flanked by the two fluorine atoms of the difluoroaryl unit, and on both cyclometalated ligands. This post‐functionalization gives a straightforward access to modified complexes in only one manipulation and allows to introduce thermally sensitive functional groups, such as trifluoromethyl, nitrile, benzoyl, or ester. The X‐ray crystallography, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of the diarylated complexes were investigated. Whatever the nature of the incorporated substituted aryl groups is, all obtained complexes emit red phosphorescence (622–632 nm) with similar lifetimes (1.9–2 μs).
TEMPO‐Regulated Regio‐ and Stereoselective Cross‐Dihalogenation with Dual Electrophilic X+ Reagents
Authors: Kong Yi , Cao Tongxiang , Zhu Shifa 
Published: July 2021

Main observation and conclusionA TEMPO catalyzed cross‐dihalogenation reaction was established via redox‐regulation of the otherwise complex system of dual electrophilic X+ reagents. Formally, the ICl, BrCl, I2 and Br2 were generated in‐situ, which enabled high regio‐ or stereoselective access to a myriad of iodochlorination, bromochlorination and homo‐dihalogenation products with a wide spectrum of functionalities. With its mild conditions and operational simplicity, this method could enable wide applications in organic synthesis, which was exemplified by divergent synthesis of two pharmaceuticals. Detailed mechanistic investigations via radical clock reaction, pinacol ring expansion and Hammett experiments were conducted, which confirmed the intermediacy of halonium ion. In addition, a dynamic catalytic model based on the versatile catalytic role of TEMPO was proposed to explain the selective outcomes.
Impact of social responsibility disclosure between implementation of green accounting and sustainable development: A study on heavily polluting companies in Bangladesh
Authors: Dhar Bablu Kumar , Sarkar Sabrina Maria , Ayittey Foster K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBased on the empirical data of heavily polluting companies in Bangladesh from 2010 to 2019, this paper conducts an empirical analysis of the application effect of green accounting in the sustainable development of heavily polluting companies. Among 212 listed companies under Dhaka Stock Exchange, the study discovered that the effective implementation of green accounting has significantly improved the sustainable development capabilities of heavily polluting companies; there is a significant positive correlation between the quality of social responsibility information disclosure and the sustainable development capabilities of heavily polluting companies; the quality of social responsibility information disclosure can be positively adjusted the relationship between the implementation of green accounting and the sustainable development capabilities of heavily polluting companies.
Increased GM‐CSF‐producing NCR‐ ILC3s and neutrophils in the intestinal mucosa exacerbate inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Chang Yuna , Kim Ju Whi , Yang Siyoung , Chung Doo Hyun , Ko Jae Sung , Moon Jin Soo , Kim Hye Young 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by dysregulated mucosal immune responses associated with genetic, environmental and microbial factors. Recent therapies targeting key inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α emphasise the importance of innate immunity in the development of IBD.MethodsWe examined the distribution of innate immune cells such as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and myeloid cells in the intestinal epithelium from children diagnosed as IBD and murine models of colitis induced by dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) or an anti‐CD40 antibodies.ResultsWe found an increased number of type 3 ILCs (ILC3s) that do not express the natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) and neutrophils, in both human IBD patients and colitis‐induced mice. A co‐culture experiment of neutrophils with NCR‐ ILC3s revealed that NCR‐ ILC3s stimulate neutrophils by producing granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF). Furthermore, a blockade of GM‐CSF could inhibit the development of IBD by inhibiting neutrophil activity.ConclusionThe NCR‐ ILC3: GM‐CSF: neutrophil axis could contribute to the development of IBD.
S100A7 as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma promotes M2 macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis
Authors: Lu Zhiliang , Zheng Sufei , Liu Chengming , Wang Xinfeng , Zhang Guochao , Wang Feng , Wang Sihui , Huang Jianbing , Mao Shuangshuang , Lei Yuanyuan , Wang ZhanYu , Sun Nan , He Jie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDysregulated expression of S100A7 is found in several cancers and plays an important role in tumor progression; however, its carcinogenic role in esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) is still poorly understood. Here, we identified that the levels of S100A7 were remarkably upregulated in 341 tumor tissues (P < .001) and 274 serum samples (P < .001) of ESCC patients compared with normal control. It was an independent prognostic factor (P = .026). Furthermore, a new diagnostic model for ESCC based on serum S100A7, SCC, and crfra21‐1 was established with area under curve (AUC) up to 0.863 (95% CI: 0.802‐0.925). Mechanically, we found upregulated S100A7 could promote cell migration and proliferation through intracellular binding to JAB1 and paracrine interaction with RAGE receptors and then activates the downstream signaling pathways. In addition, exocrine S100A7 could promote M2 macrophage infiltration and polarization by up‐regulating M2 macrophage associated proteins, and tumor angiogenesis by enhancing the activation of p‐ErK and p‐FAK pathways. Further animal experiments confirmed the role of S100A7 in promoting M2 macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis in ESCC. In conclusion, these findings highlighted the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of S100A7 in patients with ESCC. Meanwhile, our results reveal that S100A7 promotes tumor progression by activating oncogenic pathways and remodeling tumor microenvironment, which paving the way for the progress of S100A7 as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
A comprehensive and universal approach for embryo testing in patients with different genetic disorders
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Lei Caixia , Wu Junping , Xiao Min , Zhou Jing , Zhu Saijuan , Fu Jing , Lu Daru , Sun Xiaoxi , Xu Congjian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn vitro fertilization (IVF) with preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) has markedly improved clinical pregnancy outcomes for carriers of gene mutations or chromosomal structural rearrangements by the selection of embryos free of disease‐causing genes and chromosome abnormalities. However, for detecting whole or segmental chromosome aneuploidies, gene variants or balanced chromosome rearrangements in the same embryo require separate procedures, and none of the existing detection platforms is universal for all patients with different genetic disorders.MethodsHere, we report a cost‐effective, family‐based haplotype phasing approach that can simultaneously evaluate multiple genetic variants, including monogenic disorders, aneuploidy, and balanced chromosome rearrangements in the same embryo with a single test. A total of 12 monogenic diseases carrier couples and either of them carried chromosomal rearrangements were enrolled simultaneously in this present study. Genome‐wide genotyping was performed with single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐array, and aneuploidies were analyzed through SNP allele frequency and Log R ratio. Parental haplotypes were phased by an available genotype from a close relative, and the embryonic genome‐wide haplotypes were determined through family haplotype linkage analysis (FHLA). Disease‐causing genes and chromosomal rearrangements were detected by haplotypes located within the 2 Mb region covering the targeted genes or breakpoint regions.ResultsTwelve blastocysts were thawed, and then transferred into the uterus of female patients. Nine pregnancies had reached the second trimester and five healthy babies have been born. Fetus validation results, performed with the amniotic fluid or umbilical cord blood samples, were consistent with those at the blastocyst stage diagnosed by PGT.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that SNP‐based FHLA enables the accurate genetic detection of a wide spectrum of monogenic diseases and chromosome abnormalities in embryos, preventing the transfer of parental genetic abnormalities to the fetus. This method can be implemented as a universal platform for embryo testing in patients with different genetic disorders.
Fast whole‐body motor neuron calcium imaging of freely moving Caenorhabditis elegans without coverslip pressed
Authors: Li Haiwen , Feng Fan , Zhai Muyue , Zhang Jiazhi , Jiang Jingyuan , Su Yifan , Chen Liangyi , Gao Shangbang , Tao Louis , Mao Heng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCaenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is an ideal model organism for studying neuronal functions at the system level. This article develops a customized system for whole‐body motor neuron calcium imaging of freely moving C. elegans without the coverslip pressed. Firstly, we proposed a fast centerline localization algorithm that could deal with most topology‐variant cases costing only 6 ms for one frame, not only benefits for real‐time localization but also for post‐analysis. Secondly, we implemented a full‐time two‐axis synchronized motion strategy by adaptively adjusting the motion parameters of two motors in every short‐term motion step (~50 ms). Following the above motion tracking configuration, the tracking performance of our system has been demonstrated to completely support the high spatiotemporal resolution calcium imaging on whole‐body motor neurons of wild‐type (N2) worms as well as two mutants (unc‐2, unc‐9), even the instantaneous speed of worm moving without coverslip pressed was extremely up to 400 μm/s.
Quartz grain microtextures illuminate Pliocene periglacial sand fluxes on the Antarctic continental margin
Authors: Passchier Sandra , Hansen Melissa A. , Rosenberg Jessica 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOn high‐latitude continental margins sediment is supplied from land to the deep sea through a variety of processes, including iceberg and sea‐ice rafting, and bottom current transport. The accurate reconstruction of sediment fluxes from these sources through time is important in palaeoclimate reconstructions. The goal of this study was to assess a shift in the intensity of glacial processes, iceberg and sea‐ice rafting during the Pliocene through an investigation of coarse sediment deposited at the AND‐2A site in the Ross Sea and at International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1359 on the Antarctic continental rise. Terrigenous particle‐size distributions and suites of quartz grain microtextures in the sand fraction of the deep‐sea sediments were compared to those from Antarctic glaciomarine diamictites as a baseline for proximal glacial sediment in its source area. Using images acquired through Scanning Electron Microscopy, and following a quantitative approach, fewer immature and potentially glacially transported grains were found in Pliocene deep‐sea sand fractions than in ice‐contact sediments. Specifically, in the lower Pliocene interval silt and fine sand percentages are elevated, and microtextures in at least half of the sand fraction are inconsistent with a primary glacial origin. Larger numbers of chemically altered and abraded grains in the deep‐sea sand fraction, along with microtextures that are diagnostic of periglacial environments, suggest a role for eolian sediment transport. These results highlight the anomalous nature of high‐latitude sediment fluxes during prolonged periods of ice retreat. Furthermore, the identification of a significant offshore sediment flux during Antarctic deglaciation has implications for estimated nutrient supply to the Southern Ocean and the potential for high‐latitude climate feedbacks under warmer climate states.
A systematic review of rehabilitation in chronic heart failure: evaluating the reporting of exercise interventions
Authors: Harwood Amy E. , Russell Sophie , Okwose Nduka C. , McGuire Scott , Jakovljevic Djordje G. , McGregor Gordon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA large body of research supports the use of exercise to improve symptoms, quality of life, and physical function in patients with chronic heart failure. Previous reviews have focused on reporting outcomes of exercise interventions such as cardiorespiratory fitness. However, none have critically examined exercise prescription. The aim of this review was to evaluate the reporting and application of exercise principles in randomised control trials of exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure. A systematic review of exercise intervention RCTs in patients with CHF, using the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT), was undertaken. The Ovid Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus/Web of Science, and Cochrane Library and Health Technology Assessment Databases were searched from 2000 to June 2020. Prospective RCTs in which patients with CHF were randomized to a structured exercise programme were included. No limits were placed on the type or duration of exercise structured exercise programme or type of CHF (i.e. preserved or reduced ejection fraction). We included 143 studies, comprising of 181 different exercise interventions. The mean CERT score was 10 out of 19, with no study achieving a score of 19. Primarily, details were missing regarding motivational strategies, home‐based exercise components, and adherence/fidelity to the intervention. Exercise intensity was the most common principle of exercise prescription missing from intervention reporting. There was no improvement in the reporting of exercise interventions with time (R2 = 0.003). Most RCTs of exercise training in CHF are reported with insufficient detail to allow for replication, limiting the translation of evidence to clinical practice. We encourage authors to provide adequate details when reporting future interventions. Where journal word counts are restrictive, we recommend using supplementary material or publishing trial protocols prior to beginning the study.