bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immigrant–non‐immigrant wage differentials in Canada: A comparison between standard and non‐standard jobs
Authors: Lamb Danielle , Banerjee Rupa , Verma Anil 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIt is well established that recent immigrants earn considerably less than their native‐born counterparts even after adjusting for differences in human capital. Another labour market trend has been the growth in non‐standard forms of employment. Since non‐standard forms of work are generally less desirable than standard jobs on a number of dimensions including earnings, this study examines the nexus between immigrant earnings and non‐standard employment to investigate if there is a systemic connection between the two trends. Consistent with earlier research evidence, we find a substantial earnings disadvantage associated with all forms of non‐standard work relative to full‐time, permanent employment. Conditioning on observable characteristics, immigrants are less likely to be employed in full‐time, permanent work. However, when we examine workers in non‐standard jobs, we find that immigrant–non‐immigrant earnings gaps are smaller than those observed among workers in standard jobs. Moreover, the unadjusted mean earnings of long‐term immigrants in part‐time jobs are actually higher than the earnings of similarly employed Canadian‐born workers. Finally, considering immigrants from Western and non‐Western countries, we find that the earnings disadvantage of non‐Western immigrants in non‐standard jobs is smaller than the earnings disadvantage of non‐Western immigrants in standard jobs. These findings suggest that non‐standard jobs provide a point of entry for many new immigrants into the Canadian labour market. But whether these jobs are a bridge to upward mobility or whether they act as traps from which immigrants are unable to escape is a question that needs to be answered with better longitudinal data that track specific cohorts of workers.
Revisiting the relationship between cross‐border capital flows and credit
Authors: Carvalho Daniel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA broad perspective on the sectoral composition of the domestic borrower and recipients of capital flows is needed to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms through which cross‐border capital flows interact with credit provision. Exploring this detail reveals stark differences across (i) credit measures that include only lending by banks and those that encompass all lenders (ii) the sum of all private borrower sectors versus nonfinancial corporation and household credit (iii) advanced economies and emerging markets (iv) instrument and sectoral composition of flows.
Chinese mothers’ experiences of family life when they have a mental illness: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Chen Lingling , Reupert Andrea , Vivekananda Kitty 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe challenges experienced by families in western countries, where a parent has a mental illness, are well established. However, research documenting the experiences of Chinese families with parental mental illness appears limited. This study aimed to systematically review qualitative research about the experiences of families, living in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, where parents have a mental illness. Eight databases were comprehensively searched, along with manual search of reference lists. The identified studies were critically appraised and analysed using a thematic synthesis approach. Ten papers were identified, with nine investigating mothers’ experiences, one focusing on children’s experiences, and none reporting on fathers’ experiences. Subsequently, only papers presenting mothers’ experiences were included for thematic synthesis. Five primary themes were identified including managing parenting in the context of mental illness; failure to meet one’s expectations of motherhood; being burdened by others’ expectations; stigma from self, others and service providers; and support obtained and needed. Similar to western mothers, Chinese mothers struggled to balance the demands of parenting and their illness, and experienced stigma associated with being a parent with a mental illness. Western and Chinese mothers’ experiences differ in regard to the influence of parents‐in‐law and the division of domestic labour. Future research might investigate Chinese mothers with various mental health diagnoses, the perspectives of Chinese fathers with a mental illness, and the children in these families.
Creating a Collaboration Framework to Evaluate International University‐led Water Research Partnerships
Authors: Mazer Katy E. , Erwin Anna , Popovici Ruxandra , Bocardo‐Delgado Edwin , Bowling Laura C. , Ma Zhao , Prokopy Linda S. , Zeballos‐Velarde Carlos 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn a globalized world, universities are forming partnerships to solve today's water‐related challenges, such as increasing water scarcity and diminished water quality. Over the past 20 years, international university‐led water research partnerships have been growing in number, including between the U.S. and countries in the Global South. While there are several examples of guidelines and best practices for executing collaborations, none focus on this type of partnership. Additionally, many international collaborations are formed between universities that have little previous experience in developing these types of partnerships. Often, critiques of partnerships happen after initiation and point to structural barriers and best practices for future collaborations, but few offer practical guidance on overcoming obstacles early on, amid an imperfect partnership. In this paper, we created a flexible collaboration framework which can be used as an evaluative tool. To model this, we conducted an internal evaluation of the Sustainable Water Management team of the Arequipa Nexus Institute, a collaboration designed to build research capacity at the Universidad Nacional de San Agustín to address local issues related to agriculture, natural resource management, and environmental change. Results highlighted project strengths and weaknesses and offered strategies to address challenges that many collaborations face. This strategy identification can serve as a guideline for improving the implementation of new or existing international university‐led water research partnerships and help partners as they confront challenges at every stage of the partnership. The evaluation shows the effectiveness of using a collaboration framework as an assessment tool for international university‐led water research partnerships.
Assessment of the impact of future climate change on maize yield and water use efficiency in agro‐pastoral ecotone of Northwestern China
Authors: Han Zhibo , Zhang Baoqing , Yang Lixiao , He Chansheng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMaize plays an important role in the Agro‐pastoral ecotone of Northwestern China (APENC), where highly sensitive to changes in climate conditions. However, little is reported on the impacts of climate change on crops in the region. In this study, we used Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer model driven by future climate data from 20 general circulations models under two representative concentration pathways (RCPs: RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) to project the effects of climate change on maize yield and water use efficiency (WUE) in eight future time periods (interval: 10 years; from 2020s to 2100s). The model was first calibrated based on field observation for phenology, leaf area index, maize yield and calibrated and evaluated results were reasonably good. Simulated results showed that without and with consideration of CO2 effects, maize yield at the end of the 21st century will decrease by 11.7% and 10.3% under the RCP4.5 scenario, and by 22.1% and 21.2% under the RCP8.5 scenario, respectively. We found that there is a significant correlation between maize yield reduction and warming. Specifically, when the increment of annual average temperature reaches 1°C, the maize yield begins to decrease by 11.27% and 10.8% per 1°C warming without and with consideration of CO2 effects, respectively. Furthermore, high temperature not only affects maize yield but also has a negative effect on WUE. The WUE would change by −8.1% and −18.8% under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. But if we consider the effects of CO2, the WUE will improve 1.5% under RCP4.5 and 2.2% under RCP8.5, in comparison to those without consideration of CO2 effects. Overall, future climate warming will seriously affect maize yield and WUE. Although the increase of CO2 concentration is beneficial to raise maize yield and WUE, it is hard to offset the negative effects of the increase in temperature. Besides, change in the planting date can be beneficial for the adaptation of maize to climate change in the APENC. These results will provide comprehensive information to support local policy and decision‐making in agricultural production and water resources management.
Everything Old is New Again: The Age of Consumer‐Centric Supply Chain Management
Authors: Esper Terry L. , Castillo Vincent E. , Ren Kate , Sodero Anníbal , Wan Xiang , Croxton Keely L. , Knemeyer A. Michael , DeNunzio Steven , Zinn Walter , Goldsby Thomas J. 
Published: January 2021

Over the past several decades, the disciplines of marketing and logistics grew apart from their common historical origins as marketing became more behavioral and more quantitative, while logistics leaned toward a more operational orientation. We argue in this editorial that social and technological changes in the past 20 years, coupled with the effects of the COVID pandemic, have created the conditions for the two disciplines to reconnect. We propose that scholars and practitioners consider a consumer‐centric approach to supply chain management. Such an approach advocates that the entire supply chain should focus on consumer experience rather than mere customer service and that experiences might include issues such as last‐mile delivery, supply chain visibility, and consumer values. We also introduce the papers appearing in this issue of the journal.
A case of anomalous aortic origin of coronary artery associated with a coved‐type electrocardiogram
Authors: Kamakura Tsukasa , Cetran Laura , Sacher Frédéric , Hocini Mélèze , Duchateau Josselin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBrugada syndrome (BrS) is a sudden cardiac death syndrome characterized by a coved‐type electrocardiogram (ECG). Different disorders, such as ischemia, can emulate a Brugada‐pattern ECG (Brugada phenocopy). We report herein, the first case of surgical epicardial electrophysiological mapping in a successfully resuscitated patient with an anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery (AAOCA) associated with a coved‐type ECG. It was debatable whether the coved‐type ECG and the abnormal arrhythmogenic substrate in the epicardial right ventricular outflow tract were derived from BrS or from repetitive ischemia due to AAOCA; however, the epicardial electrophysiological mapping helped in deciding the treatment strategy.
Piezo type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1 facilitates gastric cancer omentum metastasis
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Cheng Guang , Miao Yu , Qiu Fangyuan , Bai Lugen , Gao Zhongfei , Huang Yunning , Dong Liru , Niu Xing , Wang Xin , Li Yuyang , Tang Hui , Xu Yuanyi , Song Xudong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe peritoneum, especially the omentum, is a common site for gastric cancer (GC) metastasis. Our aim was to expound the role and mechanisms of Piezo1 on GC omentum metastasis. A series of functional assays were performed to examine cell proliferation, clone formation, apoptosis, Ca2+ influx, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and migration after overexpression or knockdown of Piezo1. A GC peritoneal implantation and metastasis model was conducted. After infection by si‐Piezo1, the number and growth of tumours were observed in abdominal cavity. Fibre and angiogenesis were tested in metastatic tumour tissues. Piezo1 had higher expression in GC tissues with omentum metastasis and metastatic lymph node tissues than in GC tissues among 110 patients. High Piezo1 expression was associated with lymph metastasis, TNM and distant metastasis. Overexpressed Piezo1 facilitated cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis in GC cells. Moreover, Ca2+ influx was elevated after up‐regulation of Piezo1. Piezo1 promoted cell migration and Calpain1/2 expression via up‐regulation of HIF‐1α in GC cells. In vivo, Piezo1 knockdown significantly inhibited peritoneal metastasis of GC cells and blocked EMT process and angiogenesis. Our findings suggested that Piezo1 is a key component during GC omentum metastasis, which could be related to up‐regulation of HIF‐1α.
The pioneer and differentiation factor FOXA2 is a key driver of yolk‐sac tumour formation and a new biomarker for paediatric and adult yolk‐sac tumours
Authors: Wruck Wasco , Bremmer Felix , Kotthoff Mara , Fichtner Alexander , Skowron Margaretha A. , Schönberger Stefan , Calaminus Gabriele , Vokuhl Christian , Pfister David , Heidenreich Axel , Albers Peter , Adjaye James , Nettersheim Daniel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractYolk‐sac tumours (YSTs), a germ cell tumour subtype, occur in newborns and infants as well as in young adults of age 14‐44 years. In clinics, adult patients with YSTs face a poor prognosis, as these tumours are often therapy‐resistant and count for many germ cell tumour related deaths. So far, the molecular and (epi)genetic mechanisms that control development of YST are far from being understood. We deciphered the molecular and (epi)genetic mechanisms regulating YST formation by meta‐analysing high‐throughput data of gene and microRNA expression, DNA methylation and mutational burden. We validated our findings by qRT‐PCR and immunohistochemical analyses of paediatric and adult YSTs. On a molecular level, paediatric and adult YSTs were nearly indistinguishable, but were considerably different from embryonal carcinomas, the stem cell precursor of YSTs. We identified FOXA2 as a putative key driver of YST formation, subsequently inducing AFP, GPC3, APOA1/APOB, ALB and GATA3/4/6 expression. In YSTs, WNT‐, BMP‐ and MAPK signalling‐related genes were up‐regulated, while pluripotency‐ and (primordial) germ cell‐associated genes were down‐regulated. Expression of FOXA2 and related key factors seems to be regulated by DNA methylation, histone methylation / acetylation and microRNAs. Additionally, our results highlight FOXA2 as a promising new biomarker for paediatric and adult YSTs.
Identification of abnormal protein expressions associated with mouse spermatogenesis induced by cyclophosphamide
Authors: Liu Xuexia , Li Qian , Wang Zhixin , Liu Fujun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCyclophosphamide (CP) is a clinical anticancer drug that can cause male reproductive abnormalities, but the underlying mechanisms for this remain unknown. The present study aimed to explore the potential toxicity induced by CP in spermatogenesis events of germ cell proliferation, meiosis, and blood‐testis barrier integrity at the molecular level. CP‐treated mice showed significantly reduced serum testosterone levels, sperm motility and concentration. The results of immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed that CP reduced the proliferation of germ cells (PCNA, PLZF) and increased germ cell apoptosis (Bax and TUNEL‐positive cells) in CP‐treated mice testes. The expression of meiotic related proteins (SYCP3, REC8, MLH1) decreased significantly in the fourth week after administration, and the expression of blood‐testis barrier related proteins (β‐catenin, ZO‐1) and sperm quality‐associated proteins (PGK2, HSPA4) decreased significantly in the first week after administration. CP leads to the apoptosis of male germ cells, inhibits the proliferation of germ cells, and affects meiosis and the blood‐testis barrier, resulting in the decline of sperm quality. This study provides information to further the study of molecular mechanism and protective strategy of CP influence.
Improved time in range and postprandial hyperglycemia with canagliflozin in combination with teneligliptin: Secondary analyses of the CALMER study
Authors: Cho Kyu Yong , Nomoto Hiroshi , Nakamura Akinobu , Kawata Shinichiro , Sugawara Hajime , Takeuchi Jun , Nagai So , Omori Kazuno , Tsuchida Kazuhisa , Miya Aika , Shigesawa Ikumi , Tsuchida Kenichi , Yanagiya Shingo , Kameda Hiraku , Yokoyama Hiroki , Taneda Shinji , Kurihara Yoshio , Aoki Shin , Nishimoto Naoki , Atsumi Tatsuya , Miyoshi Hideaki 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe recently reported the beneficial effect of the combination of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor on daily glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Additional favorable effects of combination therapy were explored in this secondary analysis.Materials and MethodsThe CALMER study was a multicenter, open‐label, prospective, randomized, parallel‐group comparison trial for type 2 diabetes mellitus involving continuous glucose monitoring under meal tolerance tests. Patients were randomly assigned to switch from teneligliptin to canagliflozin (SWITCH group) or to add canagliflozin to teneligliptin (COMB group). The continuous glucose monitoring metrics, including time in target range, were investigated.ResultsAll 99 participants (mean age 62.3 years; mean glycated hemoglobin 7.4%) completed the trial. The time in target range was increased in the COMB group (71.2–82.7%, P < 0.001). The extent of the reduction in time above target range was significantly larger in the COMB group compared with the SWITCH group (−14.8% vs −7.5%, P < 0.01). Area under the curve values for glucose at 120 min after all meal tolerance tests were significantly decreased in the COMB group compared with the SWITCH group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsSodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor combined with dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor improved the quality of glycemic variability and reduced postprandial hyperglycemia compared with each monotherapy.
Biliary diversion increases resting energy expenditure leading to decreased blood glucose level in mice with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yin Haixin , Chen Weijie , Dong Liangbo , Zhou Shengnan , Gong Fengying , He Xiaodong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolism abnormalities in carbohydrates and energy. Our aim was to investigate resting energy expenditure (REE) and blood glucose changes after biliary diversion in mice with diabetes.Materials and MethodsMale mice with diabetes were randomly divided into biliary diversion and sham groups. REE was detected by indirect calorimetry, the levels of fasting blood glucose, total bile acids and triiodothyronine were analyzed. After mice were killed, the weight amount of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and gastrocnemius was measured, and the expression level of G protein‐coupled bile acid receptor and type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in BAT and gastrocnemius were examined.ResultsThe two groups of mice were pair‐fed, the bodyweights (P < 0.001) and the fasting blood glucose level (P < 0.001) in the biliary diversion group significantly decreased 24 weeks after surgery. The intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (P = 0.035) and oral glucose tolerance test (P = 0.027) showed improvement in glucose tolerance after surgery. The REE level significantly increased 24 weeks after surgery (P = 0.005), the levels of total bile acids (P = 0.014) and triiodothyronine (P < 0.001) increased at the 24th postoperative week. The weight ratio of BAT (P = 0.038) and gastrocnemius (P = 0.026) in the biliary diversion group were higher than that in the sham group. The expression of G protein‐coupled bile acid receptor in BAT (P < 0.001) and gastrocnemius (P = 0.003) were upregulated after surgery, and the type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase expression also increased in BAT (P = 0.015) and gastrocnemius (P = 0.015).ConclusionsThe REE level increased and the glucose metabolism improved in mice with diabetes after biliary diversion.
Human Papillomavirus‐type distribution in anogenital lesions of prepubertal children
Authors: Braun S.A. , Silling S. , Schloer S.M. , Hofmann S.C. , Fritzen B. , Oellig F. , Lehmann P. , Homey B. , Assaf C. , Emmert S. , Fölster‐Holst R. , Tigges C. , Wieland U. , Kreuter A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn contrast to adults, only limited data are available on the human papillomavirus (HPV)‐type spectrum in anogenital warts (AGW) of children.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the HPV‐type spectrum in AGW of prepubertal children.Materials & methodsIn a retrospective German multicentre study, HPV genotyping was performed in AGW biopsies of 55 1‐ to 12‐year‐old children using HPV group‐specific PCRs followed by hybridization with type‐specific probes or sequence analysis.ResultsHuman papillomavirus‐DNA was found in 53 of the 55 AGW. In 58.5% (31/53) of the HPV‐positive AGW, mucosal HPV types were detected. HPV6 (27/53, 50.9%) was the predominant type. 43.4% (23/53) of the lesions were induced by cutaneous HPV types (HPV2, HPV27, HPV57). Mucosal HPV types were significantly more common in children under 5 years of age than in children 5 years of age and older (22/25, 88.0% [95% CI: 70.0–95.8] vs. 9/28, 32.1% [95% CI: 17.9–50.7], P < 0.001). In contrast, cutaneous HPV types were significantly more prevalent in the 5‐ to 12‐year age group (4/25, 16.0% [95% CI 6.4–34.7] vs. 19/28, 67.9% [95% CI 49.3–82.1], P < 0.001).ConclusionAnogenital warts in 5‐ to 12‐year‐old children are frequently associated with cutaneous HPV types, possibly due to horizontal transmission. HPV typing, in addition to comprehensive clinical and psychosocial evaluation, can potentially help in the assessment of these cases.
Estimating the most effective and economical pheromone for monitoring the European spruce bark beetle
Authors: Šramel Nina , Kavčič Andreja , Kolšek Marija , de Groot Maarten 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn recent decades, there have been an increasing number of outbreaks of Ips typographus in Europe. A large amount of sanitary felling has taken place, with significant economic and ecological consequences. In order to anticipate such large‐scale outbreaks, an effective monitoring system should be set up. One important aspect of monitoring is deciding which pheromone to use. Therefore, we decided to test five different commercially available pheromone lures under different disturbance conditions: Pheroprax®, IT Ecolure Extra®, Ipstyp®, Ipsowit® and Typosan®. We investigated the ability of the pheromones to distinguish between disturbed and undisturbed locations, their cost‐efficiency ratio, and side effects such as bycatch abundance and composition. We set 50 traps in two areas with sites that were disturbed and undisturbed by windstorms. We collected the catch from traps every 1–2 weeks from the end of March until the end of September in 2019. We found that IT Ecolure Extra®, Ipsowit® and ® Pheroprax® caught the most I. typographus and best showed changes in the trap catch of I. typographus throughout the whole season. There was a low amount of bycatch (<6% of the total catch) and a low number of predators (a few specimens), but some groups seem to prefer certain pheromones. The cost of the pheromones increased with their effectiveness. However, pheromone costs are low relative to the personnel costs involved in setting traps and collecting the catch. Based on all of the gathered data, we created an index which helps to assess the cost‐efficiency of the five chosen commercially available pheromones. We also present guidelines on how to make such an index to assist other researchers in choosing the right pheromone for monitoring populations of I. typographus or other bark beetle species.