bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized study on the prophylactic use of acetaminophen to prevent fever after the removal of drainage tubes in lumbar surgery
Authors: Ye Kaifeng , Li Yan , Xing Yong , Liu Kaixi , Zhu Tengjiao , He Baichuan , Zhou Fang , Tian Yun , Zhang Yanping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Study design: a prospectively random clinical trialObjective: To explore the efficacy of prophylactic use of Acetaminophen in preventing fever after the removal of tube drainage in lumbar surgery.Summary and background data: Many inpatients encountered a fever in the first 24 hours when the drainage tube was removed. When fevers appeared, it was costly to exclude the possibility of deep infection and always failed to identify the etiology. Just like the postoperative fever, we suggested that the fever was caused by the normal inflammatory response, and tried to figure out whether the prophylactic use of Acetaminophen could lower the possibility of fever or not.Methods: 183 consecutive patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery were prospectively randomized into 2 groups. 91 patients were allocated into the study group, they would receive a pill of Acetaminophen (Tylenol, 650mg) before the removal of lumbar tube drainage, and another one at 8p.m. The rest 92 patients were divided into the control group, they were treated in routine treatment without Acetaminophen. In the first 24 hours, a temperature higher than 37.7°C was defined as fever. The 2 groups were then compared for differences in age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), surgical segments, surgical time, blood loss, blood transfusion, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, duration of the tube drainage, total volume of the drainage collection, variation of the levels of WBC, CRP, hospital stay since the removal of drainage to discharge and the rate of fever.Results: There were no differences in all the basic information of 2 groups, but the fever rate of the 2 groups had significant differences (P=0.006), the fever rate of the study group (14/91, 15.38%) was significant lower than the control group (30/92, 32.61%).Conclusion: Fever after the removal of tube drainage was caused by normal inflammation response, and a small dose of acetaminophen could significantly lower the possibility fever. Trail registration: This trail was registered in the ClinicalTrial.gov PRS on July 13, 2019, and the ID was NCT04042948.
Agarose gel microcapsules enable easy-to-prepare, picolitre-scale single-cell genomics, yielding near-complete genome sequences
Authors: Aoki Hiroyoshi , Masahiro Yuki , Shimizu Michiru , Hongoh Yuichi , Ohkuma Moriya , Yamagata Yutaka 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A novel type of agarose gel microcapsule (AGM), consisting of an alginate picolitre sol core and an agarose gel shell, was developed to obtain high-quality single-cell amplified genomic DNA of bacteria. The AGM is easy to prepare in a stable emulsion with oil of water-equivalent density which prevents AGM aggregation, with only standard laboratory equipment. Single cells from a pure culture of Escherichia coli, a mock community comprising 15 strains of human gut bacteria, and a termite gut bacterial community were encapsulated within AGMs, and their genomic DNAs were obtained with massively parallel amplifications in a tube. The genome sequencing did not need second-round amplification, and showed an average genome completeness that was much higher than that obtained by the conventional amplification method in microlitre scale, regardless of the genomic guanine-cytosine contents. Our novel method using AGMs allows many researchers to perform single-cell genomics easily and effectively, and can enhance the genome analysis of yet-uncultured microorganisms.
Floods Risk Mapping and Assessing Vulnerability of Morang, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Pawan , Thapa Narayan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The impact of flooding rises due to unplanned settlements, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. This study tries to address these issues by mapping flood risk places and assessing their impact on population and household.Methods: This study used the dataset available in Google Earth Engine (GEE), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Central Bureau Statistics (CBS), Earth Data for preparing slope, drainage density, digital elevation model, rainfall, land use map, and soil map. These maps create using GEE and QGIS through overlay analysis that has two factors. The one is influence and other slopes, and it has provided high and low value according to its role on flooding.Results: The risk assessment shows around twenty-four percent population is at higher risk, whereas more than three thousand settlements are prone to flooding. It depicts a significant increasing trend of floods in the Morang district.Conclusion: This settlement risk map can help determine the flood safe and very high-risk areas in the Morang district. It will support residential places' planning by the local government, urban planners, and community people to reduce flooding risk.
Association Between Birth Circumstances and Prenatal Maternal Mental Health – A Retrospective Study of Intergenerational Transmission
Authors: MoghaddamHosseini Vahideh , Mahdavifar Neda , Makai Alexandra , Varga Katalin , Bogaerts Annick , Várnagy Ákos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background:The evidence on long-lasting effects of certain specific aspects of birth circumstances on the maternal mental health later during pregnancy in offspring is scares. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between birth circumstances and prenatal maternal mental health in offspring. Method: In this retrospective survey, 380 pregnant women completed the Hungarian translation of Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire A, Beck Depression Inventory-Short Form, Beck Anxiety Inventory to measure prenatal fear of childbirth (FOC), depression, and anxiety, respectively. Information on peri and postnatal events were obtained from participants’ biological mothers through Mother’s Birth Circumstances Questionnaire. This included questions regarding mode of birth, administered medical interventions during labor, early life care, and breastfeeding during infancy. Multiple Linear regression was performed for statistical analysis.Results: After adjusting for potencial confounders, administration of Oxytocin (OT) induction during labor was significantly associated with higher levels of prenatal FOC (β= 0.14; 95% CI, 0.59, 14.70), depression (β= 0.18; 95% CI, 0.47, 2.73), and anxiety (β= 0.15; 95% CI, 0.50, 6.95). Moreover, being breast fed for more than 12 months was significantly associated with lower level of prenatal FOC in offspring (β= -0.12; 95% CI, -18.42, -1.36). Conclusion: Poor prenatal mental health might be rooted in administered OT induction as a common medical practice during labor while long duration of breast feeding can have a positive effect on improving prenatal maternal mental health in offspring. Further studies of prospective design are on demand to explore the biological trajectories of these findings in humans.
Prevalence, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and Associated Risk Factors for Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnant Women Attending&nbsp;ANC In Some Integrated Health Centers in the Buea Health District
Authors: Nji Innocentia , Fru-Cho Jerome , Yung Melduine Akom , Akoachere Jane-Francis Kihla Tatah 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most frequent infections after respiratory tract infections that affect man, with over 150 million cases per year. The anatomy of the female urinary tract predisposes them to UTIs than men. More so, physiological and hormonal changes during pregnancy put pregnant woman at risk of UTIs. Untreated UTI(s) in pregnancy can be detrimental to both the mother and child causing preterm labour, low birth weight and pyelonephritis. The situation is worrisome because the infection can be asymptomatic. This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors for UTIs, diagnostic potential of dipstick analyses and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens from pregnant women attending ANC in some Integrated Health Centers (IHCs) in Buea Health District(BHD).MethodsA structured questionnaire was administered to consenting pregnant women at participating IHCs to collect data on demographic characteristics, risk factors and symptoms of UTI. Urine samples were collected for dipstick analysis and culture. Antibiograms were performed on the isolates by the disc diffusion method. A bivariate analysis was performed to investigate the association of the risk factors to UTI. Chi square (χ2) test, odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to compare statistics and test for associations at a significant level of p ≤ 0.05.FindingsOf the 287 participants recruited, 89(31%) were positive for UTI. There were 150 women with no symptoms of which 43(28.7%) were positive for UTI. E. coli was the most frequent (43.2%) of the organisms implicated in bacteriuria. There was no significant association between the risk factors studied and UTI. Isolates were most sensitive to ciprofloxacin (73.5%) and gentamycin (73.5%) and resistant to ceftriaxone (70.6%) and tetracycline (64.7%). Nitrite test was highly specific (100%) for the diagnosis of UTI while leucocyte esterase was more sensitive (48.3%) than specific (44.9%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of UTI in BHD was high. In conformity with previous findings in same area, there were no risk factors associated with UTI. We recommended a longitudinal study with a larger sample size to follow up the women to term in order to determine the gravity of this infection on pregnancy outcomes.
Survival in Patients with Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids-Induced Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome Versus Other Causes of Portal Hypertension in the Treatment of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Placement: A Propensity Score Matching Study
Authors: Chen Yiran , Zhang Wei , Zhang Ming , Zhang Feng , Xiao Jiangqiang , Yin Qin , Zhuge Yuzheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background/purpose: The etiology of portal hypertension may be an important factor affecting patient outcomes after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) treatment. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (PA-HSOS) is characterized by acute portal hypertension and liver injury. The aim of this study was to compare the post-TIPS survival between patients with PA-HSOS and those with other etiologies of hepatic portal hypertension. Methods: A retrospective file review of 787 patients with portal hypertension-related complications, including 146 patients with PA-HSOS, who had received TIPS treatment at our institution between August 2008 to September 2020 was performed. We recorded the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients before TIPS. The median follow-up was 20.27 months. Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT)-free survival was compared between PA-HSOS and non-HSOS patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to minimize bias.Results: Compared to patients with other etiologies of portal hypertension, PA-HSOS patients had a statistically significantly higher Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease score. No significant differences were found in the orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT)-free survival between patients with PA-HSOS and patients with other causes of portal hypertension (all P > 0.05). After PSM, OLT-free survival was significantly better in PA-HSOS patients than in patients with viral hepatitis (P = 0.0011), primary biliary cirrhosis or autoimmune hepatitis (P = 0.021), and schistosomiasis (P = 0.025).Conclusions: TIPS placement can be performed safely in patients with PA-HSOS. PA-HSOS patients had a better or similar prognosis after TIPS treatment than patients with portal hypertension of other etiologies.Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered in the chictr.Org database (ChiCTR2000040899) in 14 December 2020.
Mindfulness as a Well-being Initiative for Future Nurses: A Survey With Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: McVeigh Clare , Reid Joanne , Carswell Claire , Ace Lindsay , Walsh Ian , Graham-Wisener Lisa , Rej Soham , Potes Angela , Atkinson Karen , Edginton Trudi , Noble Helen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives Mindfulness can potentially positively impact well-being and resilience in undergraduate nursing students. The psychological well-being of such students undertaking clinical training is paramount to ensure optimal learning, and to equip them with skills to manage their wellbeing in future clinical practice. The aim of our study was to explore the views of undergraduate nursing students in relation to understanding and engaging with mindfulness, and how mindfulness could best be delivered within their university programme.Methods An online survey was administered via a cloud-based student response system to a convenience sample of first year undergraduate nursing students completing a Bachelor of Science (BSc) Honours (Hons) degree in nursing at a University in the United Kingdom. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results The survey achieved a response rate of 78% (n=208). Seventy-nine percent of participants had heard of mindfulness and were interested in taking part in a mindfulness programme. Respondents reported that the ideal delivery of the programme would consist of weekly 45-minute, in person group sessions, over a 6-week period. Respondents also indicated that a mobile application could potentially facilitate participation in the programme. Thematic analysis of open-ended comments, and free text, within the survey indicated 4 overarching themes: 1) Perceptions of what mindfulness is; 2) Previous mindfulness practice experiences; 3) Impact of mindfulness in nursing; 4) The need for a future well-being initiative for undergraduate nursing students. Conclusions Undergraduate nursing students perceived that a mindfulness programme has the potential to enhance well-being and future clinical practice. This student cohort are familiar with mindfulness and want more integrated within their undergraduate curriculum. Further research is required to examine the effectiveness of a tailored mindfulness intervention for this population that incorporates the use of both face-to-face and mobile delivery.
Insights into the Endophytic Bacterial Community Comparison and their Potential Role in the Dimorphic Seeds of Halophyte Suaeda Glauca
Authors: Wang Hongfei , Rao Manik Prabhu Narsing , Gao Yanli , Li Xinyang , Gao Rui , Xie Yuanguo , Li Qiuli , Li Wenjun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The seed dimorphism was thought to be a bet-hedging strategy, which assists plants to survive in the disturbed environment and has been widely studied for their ecological adaptation mechanism. Many studies showed that seed-associated microorganisms play an important role in enhancing plant fitness, but information regarding endophytic bacteria associated with dimorphic seeds is limited. This study explores the influence of seed coat structure and seed phytochemical properties on the community composition and diversity of endophytic bacteria of dimorphic seeds of Suaeda glauca. In the present study, we firstly used 16S rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing method to compare the bacterial diversity and community composition between brown and black seeds of Suaeda glauca. Results: A significant difference was observed in seed coat structure and phytochemical properties between brown and black seeds of S. glauca. Total 9 phyla, 13 classes, 31 orders, 53 families, 102 genera were identified in the dimorphic seeds. The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. The results showed that seed dimorphism had little impact on the diversity and richness of endophytic bacterial communities but significantly differs in the relative abundance of the bacterial community between brown and black seeds. At the phylum level, Actinobacteria tend to be enriched significantly in brown seeds. At the genus level, Rhodococcus, Ralstonia, Pelomonas and Bradyrhizobium tend to be enriched significantly in brown seeds, while Marinilactibacillus was mainly found in black seeds. Besides, brown seeds harbored a large number of bacteria with plant-growth-promoting traits, whereas black seeds presented bacteria with enzyme activities (i.e. pectinase, cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities). Conclusion: The endophytic bacterial community compositions were significantly different between dimorphic seeds of Suaeda glauca, and play an important role in the ecological adaptation of dimorphic seeds by performing different bacterial function roles. The endophytic bacterial communities of the dimorphic seeds might be influenced mainly by the seed coat structure and partly by seed phytochemical characteristics. These findings provide valuable information for better understanding of the ecological adaptation strategy of dimorphic seeds in the disturbed environment.
Comparison Between Calcaneus Quantitative Ultrasound and the Gold Standard DXA In the Ability to Detect Osteoporosis in&nbsp;COPD Patients
Authors: Chanprasertpinyo Wandee , Punsawad Chuchard , Sukkriang Naparat , Khwanchuea Rapheeporn , Yincharoen Pirada , Rerkswattavorn Chaiwat 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
IntroductionOsteoporosis is a prevalent comorbidity in patients with COPD that is usually underrecognized and hence undertreated. Compared to the gold standard dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), calcaneus quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is less expensive, more portable, and more accessible, especially in less developed countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of calcaneus QUS to detect osteoporosis in patients with COPD.MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 67 males older than 50 years with clinically stable COPD. DXA scans of the lumbar spine (L2-4) and femoral neck were performed. QUS of the right calcaneus (AOS-100) were used to assess the broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), speed of sound (SOS), osteo sono-assessment index (OSI), and T-score. When the T-score was ≤ − 2.5, osteoporosis was diagnosed by both DXA and QUS.ResultsForty-eight patients (71.6%) had DXA T-scores ≤ − 2.5 at either the lumbar spine or femoral neck. All QUS parameters (BUA, SOS, OSI, and T-score) could discriminate DXA-determined osteoporosis (the area under the curve varied from 0.64 to 0.83). The QUS T-score was significantly moderately correlated with the DXA T-score at both the femoral neck (r = 0.62) and lumbar spine (r = 0.53). The sensitivity and specificity of QUS in identifying osteoporosis were 10.4% and 94.7%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 83.3% and 29.5%, respectively.ConclusionThe calcaneus QUS T-score had the ability to identify osteoporosis with an acceptable level of accuracy. However, the sensitivity and specificity of the QUS T-score were not sufficiently high to serve as an alternative diagnostic tool to DXA.
Phenotypic Characterization, Genetic Analysis and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Aeromonas Hydrophila Isolates Causing Abdominal Dropsy in Labeo Rohita Collected From Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Sughra Fatima , Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rahman , Abbas Farzana , Altaf Imran , Muhammad Akram 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) is a common fresh water fish disease and major threat to the aquaculture in Pakistan. The present study was carried out on suspected cases of Rohu (Labeo rohita) to characterize and genetically analyze local strains of Aeromonas (A.) hydrophila, a key pathogen responsible for the said disease in farmed fish of Pakistan. A total of ninety suspected samples were collected from fish farms in various districts of Punjab from June 2018 to April 2019. The samples were processed and A. hydrophila strains were isolated. The primary identification of sixty seven isolates was verified by colony morphology, microscopy and phenotypic characterization with ten biochemical reactions. The A. hydrophila strains of test samples were characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 16S rRNA at desired size of 356 bp. The PCR amplified product was subjected to DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed homology with related strains of Aeromonas spp. By antibiotic sensitivity test, the isolates were checked for nine antibiotics, in which pathogen was sensitive to four and resistant to five drugs. Results of molecular characterization confirmed strains as A. hydrophila which are useful to take preventive measures against the said disease.
Efficacy of normal saline nasal spray and gargle on SARS-CoV-2
for prevention of COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Chatterjee Uday , Chakraborty Ajay , Naskar Sishir , Saha Bibhuti , Bandyapadhyay Bhaswati , Shee Subhasis 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Role of microaspiration of mucus mixed with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2) causing pneumonia is lacking in searched literature. Recently some authors have emphasized on microaspiration. SARS-CoV-2 primarily replicates in nasal mucosa and sheds in nasal mucus which travels down as microaspiration and causes pneumonia. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of normal saline nasal spray and gargle (NSNSG) to wash off SARS-CoV-2 from nasal and pharyngeal mucosa to prevent microaspiration and pneumonia. Methods: From RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) report, we selected 61 patients for study group and 64 patients for control, having higher virion load; cycle threshold (Ct) value 25 or less. Patients in study group were trained with NSNSG. We reviewed HRCT (high resolution computed tomogram) of lung in 56 patients of both groups for severity score in lung and were compared with initial HRCT. Results: Twenty nine out of 61 (47%) of study group significantly (p=0·02) became negative following NSNSG compared to 17 out of 64 patients (26%) of control. Severity score (SS) in 31 out of 34 patients (91%) either decreased or became static in study group. In control group, 14 out of 22 patients (63%) also showed same findings. Nevertheless, study group significantly improved (p=0·028) in SS. Conclusions: NSNSG significantly washes off SARS-CoV-2 from nasal cavity and pharynx and prevents microaspiration of SARS-CoV-2 in lung alveoli. Trial Registration No: CTRI/2020/08/027465