bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creative Design Methodology and the SIT Method
Authors: Horowitz Roni , Maimon Oded 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper presents SIT (Structured Inventive Thinking) — a structured method for enhancing creative problem solving in engineering design. The method is a three step procedure: problem reformulation, general search strategy selection, and an application of idea provoking techniques. The most innovative part of the method is the problem reformulation stage. The given problem is modified through the application of objectively defined and empirically tested set of sufficient conditions for creative solutions. The paper describes the sufficient conditions and the empirical study that demonstrates their appropriateness. Then the whole SIT mechanism is presented with illustrative examples.
Application of Interaction and Functional Coupling Rules in Configuration Design
Authors: Johannesson Hans L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this work a procedure to identify and characterize functional couplings, previously proposed by this author, has been applied in configuration design of an expansion container of an automotive cooling system. The procedure is based on axiomatic design theory, function-means structure modelling techniques, the interaction characterization scheme proposed by Pimmler and Eppinger and two functional coupling definitions proposed by this author.
The presented case study illustrates the use of the proposed procedure to identify and characterize functional couplings in configuration design. The result of the procedure is a function-means model of the design with interaction and functional coupling relations included in the model.
When the functional couplings are known the structure model can be used as an aid for different purposes such as feasibility analysis according to the axiomatic design theory and design task planning.
Functional Analysis: A Fundamental Empirical Study for Reverse Engineering, Benchmarking and Redesign
Authors: Little Aaron D. , Wood Kristin L. , McAdams Daniel A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
At a basic level, product design composes three primary tasks: specification development, conceptual and configuration design, and product refinement. Customer needs analysis, product benchmarking, and business case analysis are fundamental to specification development, whereas conceptual design and product refinement entail functional analysis, the generation of solution principles and product geometry, concept selection, mathematical modeling, prototyping, and Taguchi analysis for variability. In this paper, we focus on an advanced method for functional analysis. This method demonstrates clear ties to customer needs, and is based on an empirical study of 58 household consumer products. As part of this study, a common vocabulary for product functions and flows is developed and applied to the consumer products. House of Quality results are then used to correlate customer importance to the product functions. Data from these correlations provide a basis for determining critical functions and flows across all products and within important product domains, such as material processors and beverage brewers. From this study, we discuss how the results can be applied to product testing and benchmarking, design by analogy, the identification of functional groups and dependencies, and design education.
The Role of Simulation Software in an Ideal Learning Environment
Authors: Reamon Derek T. , Sheppard Sheri D. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
For years, computers have promised to revolutionize education. Educators crave and skeptics demand justification for the large outlay of resources required to introduce information technology into the curriculum. Engineering educators have drawn upon the work of education theorists, computer scientists and communication experts to explore the effectiveness of this promising technology in their curricula.
This paper analyzes three pairs of students using various solution techniques to solve a mechanical engineering design problem. We will focus on the use of a computer-based simulation tool and its effect on the students’ process of solving the problem. We will use two learning theories to explore the learning environment and draw conclusions about the effectiveness of the computer simulation for teaching engineering.
Part Nesting As a Plastic Snap-Fit Attachment Strategy
Authors: Luscher Anthony F. , Bonenberger Paul R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Traditional snap-fit design methods focus exclusively on design of an individual locking feature such as a cantilever hook or an annular lock. Location and orientation of other significant features on the two joined parts are not considered. This paper presents: (1) a comprehensive design methodology for nesting plastic parts via snap-fits and, (2) the concept of a part nesting table to encourage good design practices.
This nesting approach is based on relatively new methodologies and guidelines for arranging features on a plastic part. The authors advocate a nesting which is a statically determinate assembly and minimizes the use of snap-fit features. The advantages of such an assembly include robustness with respect to tolerance and warpage concerns, maximum utilization of existing “natural” part features, and a reduction in the number of locking features needed. The entire process is presented as an improved paradigm for attachment design and assembly.
It presents the concept of a part nesting table to help designers produce nested plastic assemblies. In this approach, degrees-of-motion to be removed are represented as columns in a table, and individual features are entered as rows. Advantages of this structured approach include recognition of under constrained and weakly constrained assemblies, identification of over constrained assemblies, and first-level optimization of lock location and assembly direction. Work is continuing on computer implementation of this approach so that force and moment values can be deduced at the feature level.
Concurrent Engineering Design of Sheet Stamping by Using an Inverse FE Approach
Authors: Yang Shiyong , Nezu Kikuo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
An inverse finite element (FE) algorithm is proposed for sheet forming process simulation. With the inverse finite element analysis (FEA) program developed, a new method for concurrent engineering (CE) design for sheet metal forming product and process is proposed. After the product geometry is defined by using parametric patches, the input models for process simulation can be created without the necessity to define the initial blank and the geometry of tools, thus simplifying the design process and facilitating the designer to look into the formability and quality of the product being designed at preliminary design stage. With resort to a commercially available software, P3/PATRAN, arbitrarily three-dimensional product can be designed for manufacturability for sheet forming process by following the procedures given.
Robust Passive-Active Mounts for Machinery and Equipment
Authors: Su J. Hannsen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Conventional vibration isolation mounts are not as effective as expected on a practical foundation whose resonant frequencies normally are within the bandwidth of interest. In addition, the low frequency enhancement is a characteristic of the passive mounts. Applying inertia actuators to the bottom attachment plate of the conventional mounts overcomes these shortcomings and enhances their performance significantly. This design concept has universal application since it is applicable to any dynamic system. It requires very little power and force capacity, i.e., a small percentage of the disturbance force, from the actuators to be effective for frequencies higher than the resonant frequency of the mount itself. The effectiveness of the proposed mounts for the machinery is demonstrated on the load transmissibility reduction at the foundation support (fixed end) due to disturbance from machinery above mounts. On the other hand, the vibration magnitude reduction of equipment above mounts due to disturbance from the foundation is used for evaluating the equipment isolation effectiveness. There is no stabilty or degradation problem when a number of the passive-active mounts are used on the same foundation. Furthermore, the more of this type of mounts used on a foundation the more effective the vibration suppression and the smaller actuator force requirement for each passive-active mount.
Micro-Dynamic Stiction Model and Control of a Hub-Appendage System
Authors: Hsieh Chen , Lin Jong-Ching 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A hub-beam system driven by a DC torque motor is studied. The motor is mounted on two ordinary ball bearings. Therefore, static friction is significant in this system. Traditionally, in modeling a flexible structure system, people treat static friction as a force equal but opposite to the applied force. Furthermore, there is no displacement once the system is stuck by the static friction. With this dead zone type static friction concept, it is theoretically very hard to control the line of sight (L. O. S) of the flexible beam with very high precision due to the residue deviation of hub angle and small vibration that remain when the system is stuck by static friction.
However, based on a large amount of experimental results, more detail of static friction behavior has been revealed. It turns out that the static friction behavior can be summarized in several simple rules. A new static friction model that is described elsewhere is hence developed according to these rules. In this paper, this new friction model is applied to the hub beam system to describe the motion of the system during stiction phase. This micro dynamic stiction model is experimentally proved. It is shown that, after linearization, the stiction force is equivalent to a spring force with high stiffness together with a damping force. With the help of this new model, we successfully point the L. O. S. of the beam to the target with arc-second level precision.
Active Noise Control With the Active Muffler in Automotive Exhaust Systems
Authors: Oh Jae-Eung , Kim Heung Seob , Hong Jin Seok , Shin Joon , Song Jin Ho 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study experimentally demonstrates the use of an active muffler attached to an automotive exhaust system to reduce exhaust noise. For improving the signal to noise ratio in the process of estimating secondary path transfer functions, an on-line algorithm in which conventional inverse modeling is combined with an adaptive line enhancer is used as the control algorithm. The active muffler is designed so that the primary noise and the control sound are propagated as a plane wave in the outlet. Therefore, the error microphone could be placed outside the high temperature centers of the tail pipe, and the noise radiating to the outside could be reduced in the whole area around the outlet.
The control experiment for reducing exhaust noise with an active muffler is implemented during run-up at no load. Compared with the conventional off-line method, it can be seen from the experimental results presented the proposed online method is capable of acquiring a reduction of more than 5 dB of exhaust noise in overall sound power level.
Active Vibration Isolation Control for a Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Structure With Uncertainties of its Base
Authors: Nishimura Hidekazu , Kojima Akihito 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a design method for an active vibration isolation controller for a multi-degree-of-freedom structure with uncertainties of its base. It is demonstrated that a controller which has a desired performance can be designed even if we don’t precisely know the base dynamics by using the criterion function for the purpose of suppression of the interaction between the controlled structure and its base. In order to minimize this interaction we select the acceleration of the lowest mass of the controlled structure and the relative displacement between the lowest mass and its upper mass as the controlled variables. By simulations and experiments it is verified that the designed controller improves both the control performances and the robust performance under the existence of the base dynamics with uncertainties.
Structural Vibration Control for Bridge Towers and its Effect Under Wind Excitation Using a Wind Tunnel
Authors: Doi Fumio , Seto Kazuto , Ren Mingzhang , Gatate Yuzi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper we present an experimental investigation of active vibration control of a scaled bridge tower model under artificial wind excitation. The control scheme is designed on the basis of a reduced order model of the flexible structures using the LQ control theory, with a collocation of four laser displacement sensors and two hybrid electro-magnetic actuators. The experimental results in the wind tunnel show that both the bending and the twisting vibrations covering the first five modes of the structure are controlled well.
LMI Based Controller Design for a Bridge Tower Under Construction
Authors: Kar I. N. , Seto K. , Doi Fumio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a simple method to design a robust controller for a bridge tower under construction using static state and output feedback. The parameter variations due to the constructional progress are considered to be system uncertainties and taken into account in the time of design. System uncertainties of the bridge tower are represented by a set of linear systems and each system corresponds to a particular stage of work. With in the framework of quadratic stabilization, controller which guaranteed a specified damping are obtained by solving a set of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI). Controller is shown to be robust with the changes of bridge tower by constructional progress through simulation studies.
Active Vibration Control of Bridge Tower Under Construction
Authors: Tamaki Toshihiro , Kagaya Hiroaki , Sakai Fujikazu , Ogawa Kazushi , Nishi Yoshikazu , Sasaki Masatoshi , Yamaguchi Kazunori 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In large structures such as towers of suspension bridges or cable-stayed bridges, we often need to suppress the wind-induced vibration for their safety. Especially in the construction stage, the structures are more flexible than the completed ones. This paper discusses the active dampers used to suppress the wind-induced vibration of a tower of a suspension bridge (The Kurushima Bridge 3P Tower) during the construction. The active damper was used to suppress the wind-induced vibration in multiple modes predicted by wind-tunnel test. The controller design of the dampers is based on an H∞ robust control theory. At each erection step, we measured the dynamic properties of the towers to adjust the parameters of the controller using the active dampers as vibration exciters. The measured dynamic properties of the active controlled structures are compared with those of a non-controlled structure. The analysis of free vibration shows the suppression performance of active damper as expected in the controller design.
Fuzzy Logic Control of Time Periodic Mechanical Systems
Authors: Boghiu Dan , Sinha S. C. , Marghitu Dan B. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The fuzzy logic control of mechanical systems with periodic coefficients is considered. The controller design is illustrated through two examples, which include linear as well as nonlinear systems. For the linear case, a controller is designed such that a single inverted pendulum with a time periodic follower force is stabilized in the vertical position. As an example of the nonlinear system, the flap motion of a parametrically excited rotating elastic beam is considered. The controller is designed such that the deflection of the beam tip vanishes in a short period of time.
Computation of Nonlinear Response of Hydraulically Actuated Structures
Authors: Burton T. D. , Baker C. P. , Lew J. Y. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The maneuvering and motion control of large flexible structures are often performed hydraulically. The pressure dynamics of the hydraulic subsystem and the rigid body and vibrational dynamics of the structure are fully coupled. The hydraulic subsystem pressure dynamics are strongly nonlinear, with the servovalve opening x(t) providing a parametric excitation. The rigid body and/or flexible body motions may be nonlinear as well. In order to obtain accurate ODE models of the pressure dynamics, hydraulic fluid compressibility must generally be taken into account, and this results in system ODE models which can be very stiff (even if a low order Galerkin-vibration model is used). In addition, the dependence of the pressure derivatives on the square root of pressure results in a “faster than exponential” behavior as certain limiting pressure values are approached, and this may cause further problems in the numerics, including instability. The purpose of this paper is to present an efficient strategy for numerical simulation of the response of this type of system. The main results are the following: 1) If the system has no rigid body modes and is thus “self-centered,” that is, there exists an inherent stiffening effect which tends to push the motion to a stable static equilibrium, then linearized models of the pressure dynamics work well, even for relatively large pressure excursions. This result, enabling linear system theory to be used, appears of value for design and optimization work; 2) If the system possesses a rigid body mode and is thus “non-centered,” i.e., there is no stiffness element restraining rigid body motion, then typically linearization does not work. We have, however discovered an artifice which can be introduced into the ODE model to alleviate the stiffness/instability problems; 3) in some situations an incompressible model can be used effectively to simulate quasi-steady pressure fluctuations (with care!). In addition to the aforementioned simulation aspects, we will present comparisons of the theoretical behavior with experimental histories of pressures, rigid body motion, and vibrational motion measured for the Battelle dynamics/controls test bed system: a hydraulically actuated system consisting of a long flexible beam with end mass, mounted on a hub which is rotated hydraulically. The low order ODE models predict most aspects of behavior accurately.
Thickness-Optimization of Piezoceramic Transducers for Energy Transfer
Authors: Wolf Kai , Frese Stephan , Hagedorn Peter , Seemann Wolfgang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
For the ultrasonic travelling wave motor, the energy-based definition of the electromechanical coupling factor (EMCF) is utilized to adapt the thickness of the piezoceramic layer, which is bonded to the stator of the motor, for maximal energy transfer. A Bernoulli-Euler model for the electromechanical field variables is used to derive the equations of motion and to determine the EMCF for a steady-state solution. The EMCF, depending on the thickness of the piezoceramic layer, is then maximized to optimize the sandwich structure for energy transmission. Results are compared with numerical simulations of the dynamical behavior, obtained by the ANSYS FE-code.
Dynamics of a Vibratory Feeder
Authors: Wolfsteiner Peter , Pfeiffer Friedrich 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The most common devices used to feed small parts in an automatic assembly framework are vibratory feeders. They are used to store, feed, orientate and isolate the parts. Due to the complex mechanics of the feeding process the design of the feeders is still depending on trial and error. This paper presents a complete dynamical model of the transportation process including unilateral constraints and multiple impacts, both with coulomb friction. Some simulation results, computed with a three dimensional model, explain the practical benefit of the proposed tool.
Eigenstrain-Based Algorithm for Viscoelastic Uniaxial Wave Propagation due to Impact
Authors: Irschik Hans , Belyaev Alexander K. , Raschl Peter 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A numerical algorithm for uni-axial inelastic wave propagation due to impact-type loading is presented. The algorithm is based on the linear-elastic multiple-field formulation, in which inelastic parts of strain are considered as eigenstrains acting upon a linear-elastic background structure. The solution thus can be consistently found by superposition of altogether elastic waves, where the fictitious eigenstrains are calculated from the inelastic constitutive equations by numerical integration. Due to the physical background of the method, the procedure turns out to be both, computationally accurate and numerically stable. In the present contribution, the algorithm is realized in C++ and applied to the loading-unloading problem of a semi-infinite rod of Maxwell material. The accuracy of the algorithm is demonstrated by comparing to an analytic solution which is derived in the form suitable for comparison.
Shell Transformations and Distributed Sensing/Control Characteristics
Authors: Taou H. S. , Bao Y. , Venkayya V. B. , Bahrami H. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Adaptive and controllable shapes and geometries of shells are desirable in many engineering applications, such as antenna dishes, rotor blades, airplane wings, nozzles, etc. In this paper, detailed sensing and control behavior of an adaptive shell panel are investigated. The shell panel changes its geometry from an open shallow shell (30°) to a deep cylindrical shell (150°). Natural frequencies, distributed sensing and damping control characteristics associated with the curvature changes are investigated. Mathematical modeling is presented first, followed by solution procedures. Membrane and bending contributions in sensing and control are evaluated. It is observed that natural frequencies of lower natural modes increase and those of higher modes decrease in the process of curvature transformation from 30° to 150°. Analytical solutions suggest that the membrane sensitivity becomes increasingly important when the curvature increases. The damping controllability of lower modes decreases as the shell curvature increases, however, that of higher modes still increases.
Gain-Scheduled Hyperplane Design for Sliding Mode Control via LMI
Authors: Sivrioglu Selim , Nonami Kenzo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study is concerned with design of a sliding mode hyper-plane for a class of linear parameter-varying (LPV) plants whose state-space matrices are affine function of time-varying physical parameters. The proposed hyperplane involving linear matrix in-equality (LMI) approach has continuous dynamics due to scheduling parameters and provide stability and robustness against parametric uncertainties. We have designed gain-scheduled sliding mode hyperplane for a rotor-magnetic bearing system with gyroscopic effect which can be considered LPV plant due to parameter dependence to rotational speed. The obtained hyperplane is continuously scheduled with respect to rotational speed. We successfully carried out experiment using a commercial use turbo-molecular pump system and results were reasonable and good.