bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small Patients: The Autobiography of a Children's Doctor
Authors: MAY CHARLES D. 
Published: December 2021

The title of this autobiography, referring as it does to the author's patients, places the emphasis appropriately, for Dr. Goldbloom's candid account of his life shows him to have been unburdened by conceit. This is the more remarkable because he is a facile, versatile and talented person. The unique potentialities of an autobiography are magnificently realized by a forthright, remarkably objective revelation of the dreams and purposes which determined his career.
A balanced consideration of the forces which mold human behavior makes one hesitate to ascribe a preponderant role to either hereditary or environmental influences. If one happens to place great reliance on the popular version of an ideal parent-infant relationship, he may be discomfited to find that in spite of inauspicious beginnings Alton Goldbloom managed to succeed pretty well by material standards and seems to have enjoyed a large measure of happiness.
THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PAEDIATRICS—SUCCESSFUL AND SIGNIFICANT
Authors: MAY CHARLES D. 
Published: December 2021

THE Canadians deserve unstinted praise for careful organization and superb conduct of an inspiring survey of the present status and future trends in scientific and social pediatrics. The mechanical aspects of arranging an International Congress were so expertly handled that nothing interfered with the enjoyment of a truly professional program and the invaluable fraternization between pediatricians from many countries. Appreciation of the achievement of the various persons and committees who made the success of the IXth International Congress of Paediatrics so outstanding was abundantly expressed from all sides during the sessions and can only be echoed publicly here.
All concerned with planning the Congress referred to Dr. J. Harry Ebbs of the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto as the guiding force in development of the superior, well-balanced scientific program.
THE USE OF EXTRACORPOREAL HEMODIALYSIS IN THE TREATMENT OF SALICYLATE INTOXICATION IN A 2-YEAR-OLD CHILD
Authors: Spritz Norton , Fahey Thomas J. , Thompson David D. , Rubin Albert L. 
Published: December 2021

The procedure employed in the dialysis of a 13 kg boy with salicylate intoxication is described. Clinical and chemical data are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of this procedure.
The arguments in favor of dialysis rather than exchange transfusion in the treatment of salicylate intoxication are discussed and the indications for the use of hemodialysis are enumerated.
A FIELD FOR CULTIVATION BY THOSE INTERESTED IN THE "NEW PEDIATRICS"
Authors: Talbot Nathan B. 
Published: December 2021

THE acute, severe illnesses that used to occupy the pediatrician now are often prevented by the use of proper food, antibiotics and other prophylactic measures. As a by-product of this and other advances in the science of diagnosis and therapy, many children with enduring types of congenital and acquired physical and metabolic difficulties, who used to die early, are now surviving for many years. In dealing with patients who are faced with this type of problem one finds that some, like Helen Keller, are able to live successfully within the narrow bounds remaining to them, while others by comparison appear unable to deal effectively even with relatively minor impediments. This has great significance to us, as the physicians responsible for the care of patients, because we are able to govern their activities only to a limited extent.
Most of the time the patient must be the person chiefly responsible for his self-care.
CLINICAL CONFERENCE
Authors: Riker William , Bigler John A. 
Published: December 2021

Dr. William Riker: We have had a number of interesting experiences with tumors in childhood since the tumor board was started at the Children's Memorial Hospital. One of the things that has impressed us has been the unpredictability of tumors in childhood.
One of the most difficult and most unpleasant tasks we have to face as pediatricians and surgeons is to have to give a prognosis to the parents of a child who has a malignant tumor. It is very difficult to do, and it is debatable as to whether it is worse to give an excellent prognosis in the case of a favorable tumor and have the child expire from the malignancy, or to give a hopeless outlook to the parents of a child who has a usually fatal disease, only to have the child survive.
I would like to present several case histories of children in which the prognostication was very difficult.
Neuroblastoma. K.S. was a 5-weeks-old female infant when admitted to Children's Memorial Hospital May 12, 1955. Immediately prior to admission it was noticed that the abdomen was getting large and she began to regurgitate.
She was critically ill and poorly nourished. The abdomen was markedly distended with prominent veins over the upper abdomen. The liver was smooth and firm and generally enlarged; the right and left lobes extended to the brim of the pelvis. The spleen was not palpable. There was respiratory embarrassment due to the marked abdominal distention pushing up the diaphragm (Fig. 1, A).
COARCTATION OF THE AORTA IN INFANTS
Authors: Glass Irving H. , Mustard William T. , Keith John D. 
Published: December 2021

A review of 108 cases of coarctation of the aorta diagnosed under 1 year of age, and admitted to The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, over a 12-year period, is presented. Preductal coarctation accounted for 90% of the fatalities under 1 year. Patency of the ductus arteriosus occurned in 98% of cases in the first 6 months of life.
Forty-nine per cent of cases of coarctation of the aorta under 1 year of age have major cardiac anomalies other than patent ductus: ventricular septal defect, 33%; transposition of great vessels, 10%; and atrial septal defect, 6%. Problems in diagnosis occurred when blood pressure readings were equivocal. Operative mortality for coarctation of the aorta in the first year of life was 41%, while after 1 month of age it was only 29%. Mortality in patients not operated on during the first year of life was 50%, while for those less than 1 month of age with symptoms and signs of decompensation and not operated on, the mortality was 87%.
In dealing with coarctation of the aorta in the first year of life the following are recommended: 1) When blood pressure readings in the arms and legs are equivocal, the readings should be repeated frequently until the diagnosis is clarified; 2) aortogram should be performed on patients difficult to diagnose; 3) babies presenting with symptoms in the first month of life should be operated on promptly unless they show a dramatic response in a 12-hour trial of treatment with digitalis; 4) babies after 1 month of age who respond to digitalis may be kept on this medication until adequate adjustment in circulatory hemodynamics has taken place and surgery can be performed at the optimum age.
EXTREME HYPERIMMUNOGLOBULINEMIA E AND UNDUE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTION
Authors: Buckley Rebecca H. , Wray Betty B. , Belmaker Elaine Z. 
Published: December 2021

The clinical and immunologic features of two adolescent boys who had recurrent pyogenic infections are judged to constitute a new syndrome. Its characteristics include: recurrent cutaneous, pulmonary, and joint abscesses; growth retardation; coarse facies; chronic dermatitis; exquisite immediate hypersensitivity associated with exceptionally high serum concentrations of IgE and eosinophilia; and depressed in vivo cellular immunity and antibody formation. These patients lacked evidence of respiratory allergy or parasitism. Atopic dermatitis was not present in one boy and the physical characteristics of the other boy's dermatitis were not typical for that entity. Concentrations of immumnoglobulins G, A, M, D and the various IgG subtypes were normal, as were natural antibody titers to red cell antigens. Nevertheless, depressed anamnestic antibody responses were noted to diphtheria and tetanus antigens and neither patient demonstrated responses to primary immunization with KLH, typhoid, and DNCB antigens. Complement and polymorphonuclear functions were normal.
In vitro lymphocyte studies done demonstrated normal DNA synthesis in phytohemagglutinin and staphylococcal antigen-stimulated cultures and MIF production by some antigen-stimulated cultures from each. The explanation for the undue susceptibility to infection, increased IgE production, subnormal antibody formation, and impaired in vivo cell-mediated immunity in these patients remains conjectural.
Buffered L-Arginine as Treatment for Cystic Fibrosis: State of the Evidence
Authors: Graham George G. 
Published: December 2021

Solomons, et al. (Pediatrics, 47:384) describe some provocative results with buffered L-arginine in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. In their first paragraph they ascribe, without reference, some fascinating pharmacologic actions to this amino acid. Perhaps they are the result of the most unusual structure, with a supercharged nitrogen, of the arginine they used, so different from the one to which we are accustomed.
In the pulmonary function studies one is disturbed by the fact that both the patients and the individuals administering the aerosol, and presumably promoting the deep breaths, were well aware of the fact that they were using the agent with expected therapeutic effects.
Belsky's→(?Henoch's?)→Filatov's→Koplik's Spots
Authors: Lipman Richard P. 
Published: December 2021

The answer to the question, "Did Henoch describe Koplik's spots before Koplik?"1 is an emphatic "no." There are at least three distinct enanthems of measles: the punctate and stellate red palatine patches described by Henoch; Koplik's minute blue-white buccal and labial lesions with surrounding erythema; and the blue-gray or white Herrman spots on the tonsils. Only Koplik spots are pathognomonic.
Although the various enanthems are reviewed in Weinstein's excellent clinical text for general practitioners,2 it is a pity that some of our standard pediatric textbooks devote too little attention to clinical description.
Saldino-Noonan Short RibPolydactyly Dwarfism Syndrome
Authors: Lowry R. B. , Wignall N. 
Published: December 2021

There have been an increasing number of reports on lethal forms of dwarfism. Spranger and others have delineated two forms of short rib—polydactyly (SRP) dwarfism, known as the Majewski and the Saldino-Noonan types. Despite the fact that we know very little about basic biochemical mechanisms in the majority of the chondrodystrophic conditions, descriptive morphology is still important as it frequently leads to recognition of further cases and ultimately to information on the etiology. We wish to draw attention to this entity by reporting a further case.
CASH REPORT
This male infant was the second child of healthy, wirelated, normal parents whose ages were 35 (father) and 32.
Drs. Pierson and Bierman Reply
Authors: Pierson William E. , Bierman C. Warren 
Published: December 2021

The letters of Drs. Sloan and Goldstein deserve the following comments to clarify various points raised by their correspondence.
In regard to Dr. Sloan's specific comments:
(1) A child or adolescent who fails to respond to three injections of epinephrine (15 ml) is defined as being in status asthmaticus and is admitted to the hospital (intensive care unit). The outpatient use of intravenous fluids and medications is risky due to obvious lack of proper monitoring of intensive clinical evaluation and arterial blood gases.
The pediatrician and hypertension
Authors: Mitchell Shiea C. , Blount S. Gilbert , Blumenthal Sidney , Hoffman Jullien I. E. , Jesse Mary Jane , Lauer Ronald M. , Weidman William H. 
Published: December 2021

Hypertension is one of the more common diseases affecting American adults. It is the cause of at least one fourth, and perhaps as many as one half, of all cardiovascular deaths. In spite of its importance, only about one half of those with the disease ordinarily are detected, only one half of those found to be hypertensive are being treated, and, of those who are receiving treatment, only one half, that is one eighth of the total hypertensive population, are receiving adequate treatment.
Essential hypertension has been considered to be a disease of adults. The information available to physicians about its mechanisms, its endpoints, and its therapy has been developed from data collected in adult populations.
Photodistribution of Viral Exanthems
Authors: Reken D. Van 
Published: December 2021

This letter is in regards to the lead article in the August 1974 issue of Pediatrics entitled "Photodistribution of Viral Exanthems."1
The contribution of the authors is the dissemination of the knowledge that common viral exanthems can have a marked photodistribution for reasons which are unclear. However, there are several points which detract from the general worth of the paper.
First, although the authors criticize the primary care physician for delay of diagnosis, they cannot diagnose case I as an echovirus 9 infection by standed cirteria.
Still More Criticism
Authors: Sorrells Morris L. 
Published: December 2021

On reading the article "Why Circumcision"1 I found many of the statements used to support recommendations for neonatal circumcision open to question.
Recent studies do not show the relationship of cervical cancer to circumcision that the authors imply. The article by Aitken-Swan and Baird2 actually reaches the opposite conclusion. I know of no controlled study that supports this contention. The level of hygiene in both male and female indeed seems to be a factor in the etiology of cervical cancer, but that circumcision increases hygenic standards is patently not true.
The Word From the Mint
Authors: Brooks Mary 
Published: December 2021

An article in the December 1974 issue of Pediatrics states that "The United States Mint may begin producing an aluminum alloy one-cent coin." Although it is true that over a year ago consideration was given to producing an aluminum coin, that plan has been abandoned.
An inordinate increase in the price of copper was the prime factor in our 1973 decision to move toward an aluminum um one-cent coin. However, the price of copper has decreased from a peak of approximately $1.40 per pound in May 1974 to the present price of 40¢ to 554¢ per pound.
Where Are the Pediatricians?
Authors: Smith John 
Published: December 2021

I read many articles about the decline of your specialty. The most recent article decries the nurse practitioner who this author-prophet claims will bring about the doom of medical pediatricians.
Yet our community of Sandy, Utah, is desperate for a pediatrician. Our 30,000 population could easily support two or three pediatricians now. Ours is a young, large, family-oriented, growing community. The economics are excellent, the air is clean, a class A medical school and childrens' hospital are 30 minutes away.
Dr. Kempe Replies
Authors: Kempe C. Henry 
Published: December 2021

I welcome the opportunity to respond to Dr. Klein's thoughtful comments.
My suggestion for the widespread utilization of a health visitor to see every child and to establish a means whereby the child will be able to obtain comprehensive health care is not meant to interfere with the outstanding performance of private physicians in providing health care to their patients. If the health visitor ascertains that provision has been made for adequate health care, she then functions mainly as a resource for the physician in seeing that his services are utilized.
A Comment on Arterial Po2–A Clinically Irrelevant Value
Authors: Wittig Heinz J. , Leifer Kent N. 
Published: December 2021

The December 1974 issue of Pediatrics contained an article1 and an editorial comment2 which we find disturbing, misleading in their implications, and all too reminiscent of much in the recent literature regarding the possible adverse effects of bronchodilator aerosols on the arterial oxygen (Po2) levels of asthmatic patients.
We feel that thoughtful analysis of virtually all papers dealing with this blood gas problem will reveal very little data suggesting that arterial Po2 alterations from aerosols are statistically significant, much less clinically relevant.
Concern Over Day Care
Authors: Palmeri R. 
Published: December 2021

I strongly disagree with the speculations made by Kearsley et al. in their article.1
The authors found that the emergence of separation protest in infants was not affected by their attendance, throughout the major portion of the first 20 months, in a day-care center. Obviously, the babies' experience in that day-care center did not interfere with the maturation and emergence of that important developmental landmark, separation anxiety and protest.
The authors' speculations, however, should not go unchallenged.
Use of a Tape-Recorder To Enhance Physician-Mother Communication in the Newborn Period
Authors: Zlotnick David A. 
Published: December 2021

Editors' Note: The following description of an aid in practice is presented because it may be useful to other practitioners, and as a stimulus for readers to write short descriptions of methods they have found useful in practice. While it would be ideal if such innovations were thoroughly evaluated, our purpose in publishing them is to stimulate others to try out such new ideas, and to evaluate their effectiveness.
The use of small tape-recorders has proved an invaluable aid in solving the dilemma of providing the mother of a newborn infant with meaningful information concerning the care of her baby, in a personal manner and in the shortest possible time.
Neurological Impairment Induced by Hyperventilation in Children With Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Allen John P. , Imbus Charles E. , Powars Darleen R. , Haywood L. Julian 
Published: December 2021

This experience with strokes induced by hyperventilation during repose in patients with SS is presented to caution against its use in patients with SS. We have discontinued hyperventilation during EEC in all of our patients with SS. Cheatham and Brackett12 and Richards and Nulsen13 state that the risks of angiography in patients with SS are significant. However, Stockman et al. have recently demonstrated that with repeated exchange transfusion preparation, angiography can be carried out without incident. Even so, we did not feel these patients were surgical candidates; therefore, angiography was not performed.
If further experience with hypertransfusion should prove effective in producing clinical and functional neurological improvement, angiography would be a useful tool in following the course of the vascular disease. Certainly, the angiographic reversal of the vascular disease would suggest that hypertransfusion may be helpful in patients with SS who have had transient cerebral episodes.
Would PNPs Be More Efficient?
Authors: Hudgens Carolyn 
Published: December 2021

As a student in the pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) program at the University of Iowa, I was delighted to see the article by Hoekelman1 which presented an experimental study to compare the adequacy of well-baby care given by physicians alone vs. a combination of physicians and PNPs. The review of previous experimental studies2-3 and suggestions for further studies recognizes the need to determine the most efficient use of health personnel.
One question that this study leaves in my mind concerns the well-baby visits that the R.N. conducted in both of the reduced-frequency groups.
Plasma Renin Activity in Familial Dysautonomia: Unresponsiveness to a β-Adrenergic Blocker
Authors: Hochberg Z. , Kahana L. , Spindel A. , Diengott D. 
Published: December 2021

In familial dysautonomia (FD) the autonomous nervous system, reflex control, superficial sensation, and motor coordination are all affected.1 Postural hypotension with periods of hypertension are common findings.
Rabinowitz et al.2 showed abnormal release of renin in seven patients with FD, six of them having high plasma renin activity (PRA). Abnormal values of PRA were observed in the upright position and on a low-salt diet.
Propranolol, a β-adrenergic receptor blocker, inhibits PRA in man regardless of the previous PRA values.3
The effect of propranolol on PRA and blood pressure of children with FD was studied, since it was hoped that propranolol, by suppressing renin release, might stabilize their blood pressure.
PNP Care Is More Expensive!
Authors: Weinberger Howard L. 
Published: December 2021

We would like to comment on the article by Hockelman on well-baby care.1
Although conceptually in support of the role of the pediatric nurse practitioner in the future delivery of well-child supervision, we feel obligated to question the conclusion presented in the article. Hoekelman states that three visits to a PNP for well-child supervision are equivalent to six visits to a PNP and to three or six visits to a pediatrician, and a number of measures of effectiveness are presented to support his conclusion.
A Plea for Care and Clarity
Authors: Bolduan Nils W. 
Published: December 2021

An egregious example of less than adequate proof-reading appears in both the title and the substance of the article by Powers and Swyer. It seems that "umbilical arterial catheterization" in the title is not really what is meant. The abstract of the article begins with the umbilical artery and proceeds to the iliac artery to end again with the umbilical artery.
I am still not sure what was studied and reported on. Was the catheter in an umbilical artery, or in an iliac artery?
The Use of Histamine Questioned
Authors: Sanyal Shyamal K. 
Published: December 2021

The pathogenetic mechanism proposed by Levin et al.1 to explain the persistence of fetal cardiopulmonary circulatory pathway (PFCCP) during infancy if of interest. However, their suggestion that use of histamine injected directly into the pulmonary artery may be beneficial in such patients raises some questions.
The initial cardiac catheterization data in their patient at the age of 33 days show hypoxia and hypercarbia. The authors have indicated in Table II that both of these factors could produce a decrease in pulmonary blood flow as well as an increase in pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance.
PROBLEM-ORIENTED MEDICAL CONCEPTS. Edited by Richard E. Easton. New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1974, 150 pp
Authors: Margolis Carmi Z. 
Published: December 2021

"This book attempts to define problem-oriented medical record concepts . . . from a pragmatic point of view . . . with such clarity that any member of the health care team will be able to understand them, and adapt them to his or her discipline."
Clarity is attempted through the use of the following STYLISTIC DEVICES that the author feels will assist the reader to LEARN problem-oriented concepts:
(1) Printing KEY WORDS in upper case.
Annual Summary of Vital Statistics–1975
Authors: Wegman Myron E. 
Published: December 2021

During 1975, continuing the recent general year-to-year trend, there were fewer births, deaths, and marriages and more divorces than in the previous year. Infant mortality again reached an all-time low for the country, 16.1 per 1,000 live births (Table I).
BIRTHS
Previous articles have pointed out that census bureau projections, influenced largely by the "baby boom" after the Second World War, predicted a steady increase in the number of women in the child-bearing ages (assumed to be 15 to 44 years) through 1980. In 1975 the number of women in this age group did indeed increase, by about 2%. Yet a fall in the fertility rate (Fig. 1) resulted in an actual decrease in the number of births to a projected total of 3,149,000.
Anguish Over Contradictory Articles
Authors: Costich Timothy D. 
Published: December 2021

As a sufferer from fairly severe hay fever, I read with great interest the article by Johnstone et al.,1 hypothesizing a connection between general anesthesia and respiratory allergy. My interest was heightened because I underwent a hernia repair at Strong Memorial Hospital at age 16 months. The article by Ballantine et al.2 in the same issue leads me to believe that I should have had my operation in Boston.
The two articles are absolutely contradictory.