bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multi-environment Framework to Evaluate the Adaptation of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) to Heat Stress
Authors: Telfer Paul , Edwards James , Taylor Julian , Able Jason , Kuchel Haydn 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Adaptation of wheat to heat stress is an important component of adaptation in variable climates such as the cereal producing areas of Australia. However, in variable climates stress conditions may not be present in every season or is present at different levels, at different times during the season. Such conditions complicate plant breeder’s ability to select for adaptation to abiotic stress. This study presents a framework for the assessment of the genetic basis of adaptation to heat stress conditions with improved relevance to breeder’s selection objectives. The framework was applied here with the evaluation of 1225 doubled haploid lines from five populations across six environments (three environments selected for contrasting temperature stress conditions during anthesis and grain fill periods, over two consecutive seasons), using regionally best practice planting times to evaluate the role of heat stress conditions in genotype adaptation. Temperature co-variates were determined for each genotype, in each environment, for the anthesis and grain fill periods. Genome wide QTL analysis identified performance QTL for stable effects across all environments, and QTL that illustrated responsiveness to heat stress conditions across the sampled environments. A total of 199 QTL were identified, including 60 performance QTL, and 139 responsiveness QTL. Of the identified QTL, 99 occurred iseparate to the 21 anthesis date QTL identified. Assessing adaptation to heat stress conditions as the combination of performance and responsiveness offers breeders opportunities to select for grain yield stability across a range of environments, as well as genotypes with higher relative yield in stress conditions.
Self-powered Bifunctional Sensor Based on Tribotronic Planar Graphene Transistors
Authors: Meng Yanfang , Gao Guoyun , Zhu Jiaxue 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
With the development of material science, micro-nano-fabrication, microelectronics, the higher level requirements are posed on the electronic skins (E-skin). The lower energy consumption and multiple functions are the imperative requirements to spurred scientists and mechanists to make joint effort to meet. To achieve lower energy consumption, a promising energy-harvesting style of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) is incorporated into the field effect transistors (FETs) to play the important role for sensor. For bifunctional sensor, to harness the difficult for reflecting the magnitude of frequency, we resorted to synaptic transistors to achieve more intelligentization. Furthermore, with regards to the configuration of FET, we continued previous work: using the electrolyte gate dielectrics of FET - ion gel as the electrification layer to achieve high efficient, compact and extensively adoption for mechanosensation. The working principle of the GFET was based on the coupling effects of the FET and the TENG. This novel self-powered sensor would offer a new platform for lower power consumption sensor for human-machine interface and intelligent robot.
Thin Floor Milling Using Moving Support
Authors: Fei Jixiong , Lin Bin , Huang Tian , Xiao Juliang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
During milling the thin floor of a pocket which locates on a monolithic structure, it is very difficult to achieve high accuracy and good surface quality due to its low rigidity. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to overcome the difficulties that encountered during milling of the thin floor. The method is realized by using small axial depth of cut but placing a moving support at the back surface of the thin floor during machining, in which the support will move with the cutter at the same velocity. An experimental platform is built to demonstrate the validation of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy and surface quality during milling the thin floor of a pocket of the monolithic structure.
Study on the Mechanism of Mirna-21 Affecting the Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cardiomyocyte-Like Cells By Targeting Ajuba / Isl1 Axis
Authors: Yang Wengang , Xue Song , Zheng Hui , Dan Jianggui , Zhao Lei , Wang Chenxi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To study the mechanism of miRNA-21 targeting ajuba/ Isl1 axis to affect BMSC differentiation to cardiac myoid cells. Methods: BMSC was cultured and miRNA-21 was constructed to infect BMSC. The miRNA-21 was directly regulated by luciferase reporter gene system. The expression of cTnI, ajuba and Isl1 was detected by RT-qPCR and WB. The expression of cTnI, ajuba and Isl1 was detected by RT-qPCR and WB, and miR-21 was detected by RT-qPCR; The differentiation ability of BMSC in all groups was detected by RT-qPCR and WB; To evaluate the effect of ajuba and Isl1 on the differentiation ability of BMSC. Results: BMSC was cultured successfully, BMSC was successfully constructed by mir-21-OE, mir-21-KD, ajuba-OE and ajuba KD slow virus; RT-qPCR and WB were used to detect the high expression of cTnI in mir-21-OE and ajuba KD groups, and the expression of miR-21 was increased, the expression of ajuba was inhibited and Isl1 expression was enhanced. Conclusion: The expression of ajuba was inhibited by up regulation of miRNA-21 target, and the expression of Isl1 enhanced to promote BMSC differentiation, that is, miRNA-21 regulated the axis of ajuba/ Isl1 to influence the differentiation of BMSC to cardiomyocyte-like cells.
STING Modulates CD4 T Cell Necroptosis via Activation of PARP-1/PAR Following Acute Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Luan Yingyi , Cao Xiao-peng , Zhang Lei , Peng Yi-qiu , Li Ying-ying , Yin Cheng-hong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRegulated cell death profoundly affects on the progress of inflammatory and immune responses in various acute inflammatory diseases, as seen in sepsis and trauma. However, the mechanisms underlying CD4 T cells death have not yet been fully addressed. ResultsWe demonstrated that interferon genes (STING) promoted excessive Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) activity stimulated by endotoxin, which in turn induced apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-independent but PARP-1 dependent programmed cell death. Elevated PARP-1 activity triggered a cascade of molecular events, including PAR polymer release from the nucleus and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and ATP depletion. Interestingly, translocation of AIF, a biochemical signature for PARP-1-dependent parthanatos, was not observed in the present study, suggesting a non-canonical mechanism of CD4 T cells parthanatos. In this study, we also identify a STING-mediated mechanism of necroptosis in CD4 T cells in septic animals. Furthermore, we revealed wider effects of STING on the immune functions of CD4 T cells when PARP-1 gene inhibited. ConclusionsThese findings reveal that STING signaling and targeting PARP-1/PAR pathway in CD4 T cells may present a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of acute systemic inflammatory diseases.
Fine Mapping and Distribution Analysis of Hybrid Necrosis Genes Ne1 and Ne2 in Wheat in China
Authors: Zhang Min , Lv Shikai , Wang Yanzhen , Wang Siwen , Chen Chunhuan , Wang Changyou , Wang Yajuan , Zhang Hong , Ji Wanquan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hybrid necrosis of wheat is caused by two dominant complementary genes Ne1 and Ne2 present in normal phenotype parents and is regarded as a barrier to gene flow between crop species. However, the necrosis alleles still occur at high frequency in modern wheat varieties. In this study, we constructed two high-density genetic maps of Ne1 and Ne2 in winter wheat. In these cultivars, Ne1 was found to be located in a span interval of 0.50 centimorgan (cM) on chromosome 5BL delimited by markers Nwu_5B_4137 and Nwu_5B_5114, while Ne2 co-segregated with markers Lseq102 and TC67744 on 2BS. Statistical analysis confirmed that the dosage effect of Ne alleles also existed in moderate and severe hybrid necrosis systems, and the symptoms of necrosis can also be affected by the genetic background. Furthermore, we clarified the discrete distribution and proportion of the Ne1 and Ne2 in China’s major wheat regions, and concluded that introduced modern cultivars directly affect the frequencies of necrosis genes in modern Chinese cultivars (lines), especially that of Ne2. Taking investigations in spring wheat together, we proposed that hybrid necrosis alleles could positively affect breeding owing to their linked excellent genes. Additionally, based on the pedigree, we speculated that the Ne1 and Ne2 in winter wheat may directly originate from wild emmer and introduced cultivars or hexaploid triticale, respectively.
Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Reduction
Through Deep Ocean Carbon Sequestration “DOCS”
Authors: MacDougall Frederick 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The United Nations, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Assessment Report 6 (UN IPCC AR6) dated August 7th 2021 describes the urgency of reducing atmospheric greenhouse gasses, carbon dioxide (CO2) in particular, and methane (CH4) in order to limit global warming to a survivable level. AR6 identifies the tight connection between the world’s Gross Domestic Product and anthropogenic fossil fuel consumption that has resulted in the buildup of CO2. It also describes how and why it is going to become more difficult to achieve the desired goals as we get closer to those goals with the present available technologies. The options for fighting global warming are limited, difficult to implement, and with few good options, the decisions that are being made under these circumstances, are of concern. Rather than focusing on the difficult task of eliminating 100% of anthropogenic atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions, the focus herein is on eliminating ≈7% of the atmospheric greenhouse gasses emitted by microbes, and decomposition including wildfires, every year to achieve net zero emissions for our planet.
A Novel Method using Long Axis Cardiac MRI Measurements can Improve in vivo Myocardial Infarct Quantification
Authors: Ref Jacob , Daugherty Sherry , Chinyere Ikeotunye Royal , Zeng Janan , Lancaster Jordan J , Lancaster Laryenth , Fox Kenneth , Borgstrom Mark , Grijalva Adrian , Koevary Jen , Goldman Steven , Avery Ryan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
PurposeCurrently, the American Heart Association (AHA) 17-segment model is the preferred clinical method to define and quantify left ventricle (LV) myocardial infarction (MI) size. This method is subjective and can be inaccurate given that segmental approximation assumes a specific percent of infarcted tissue when compared to reference standard post-mortem histopathology. To improve the accuracy and reproducibility of infarct volume quantification we propose a novel measurement technique based on cardiac MRI images from a porcine model of myocardial infarction. Data were collected from serial MRI exams of Yucatan mini swine over 6 months and endpoint organ harvesting for histopathologic analysis. MethodsTwo observers evaluated four infarct sizing methods: myocardial contouring of post-mortem heart slices, contouring using cardiac MRI, AHA 17-segment model analysis and novel long-axis MRI infarct sizing. ResultsLV infarct sizes ranges were 1.6% - 25.8% (n=10) using reference standard histopathologic infarct sizing. Intraclass correlations (ICC) were calculated between two observers and averaged due to high similarity, ICC > .900. A t-test of .0006 and Bland-Altman plots show statistically significant differences in 17-segment model infarct size compared to histopathologic analysis while no significant difference was found when compared to our new novel method with 0.8198. Linear correlation showed an R 2 of 0.9111 between MRI contoured infarct size and our novel MRI infarct sizing model to predict infarct size as a percentage while the R 2 of the 17-Seg model is 0.8197. ConclusionsThe 17-sgement model provides an inferior quantitative assessment of LV infarct size compared to the proposed long-axis infarct sizing suggesting it maybe a robust and easily implementable quantitative assessment of LV infarct size in advanced imaging.
Remote Real-Time Supervision of Prehospital Point-of-Care Ultrasound: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Hermann Martina , Hafner Christina , Scharner Vincenz , Hribersek Mojca , Maleczek Mathias , Schmid Andreas , Schaden Eva , Willschke Harald , Hamp Thomas 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Although prehospital point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is gaining in importance, its rapid interpretation remains challenging in prehospital emergency situations. The technical development of remote real-time supervision potentially offers the possibility to support emergency medicine providers during prehospital emergency ultrasound. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of live data transmission and supervision of prehospital POCUS in an urban environment.Methods: Emergency doctors with moderate ultrasound experience performed prehospital POCUS in emergency cases (n=24) such as trauma, acute dyspnea or cardiac shock using the portable ultrasound device LumifyTM. The ultrasound examination was remotely transmitted to an emergency ultrasound expert in the clinic for real-time supervision via a secure video and audio connection. Technical feasibility as well as quality of communication and live stream were analysed.Results: Prehospital POCUS with remote real-time supervision was successfully performed in 17 patients (71%). In 3 cases, the expert was not available on time and in 1 case remote data transmission was not possible due to connection problems. In 3 cases tele-supervision was restricted to video only due to power saving mode of the tablet.Conclusion: Remote real-time supervision of prehospital POCUS is feasible most of the time with excellent image and communication quality. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials Number NCT04612816
Antisense lncRNA NNT-AS1 Promoted Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression by Regulating Its Sense Gene NNT Expression
Authors: Pan Xianglong , Wang Qi , Yu Yue , Wu Weibing , Chen Liang , Wang Wei , Li Zhihua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAntisense lncRNAs were endogenous productions from the antisense strand of coding genes and transcribed in the opposite direction of sense gene. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the roles and functions of antisense lncRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).MethodsDifferentially expressed antisense lncRNAs were initially screened using transcriptome data from 119 paired ESCC samples in GSE53624, and were further validated in 6 paired ESCC samples from our institution. Log-rank test was adopted to identify ESCC prognosis associated lncRNAs. Finally, functional assays were performed to reveal the functions of our identified antisense lncRNAs. ResultsIn total, 174 antisense lncRNAs were differentially expressed in both GSE53624 and JSPH samples. Five of them were significantly associated with ESCC prognosis (NNT-AS1, NKILA, CCDC18-AS1, SLCO4A1-AS1 and AC110619.1). The upregulation of NNT-AS1 was validated in ESCC cell lines. Knockdown of NNT-AS1 inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and promoted ESCC cells apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M stage. NNT-AS1 expression was significantly correlated with its sense gene NNT and NNT-AS1 knockdown could suppress NNT expression. Inhibition of NNT suppressed ESCC cell proliferation and migration. Mechanically, NNT-AS1 served as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge the miR-382-5p, which could repress NNT expression. Pathway enrichment analysis and western blot assay indicated that NNT-AS1 and NNT could regulate the cell cycle pathway. ConclusionAntisense lncRNA NNT-AS1 promoted ECSS progression by targeting NNT through sponging miR-382-5p. This study provided us a deeper insight into the roles of antisense lncRNAs in ESCC and identified potential therapeutic targets.
Thromboembolic and Hemorrhagic Risks After Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Uaprasert Noppacharn , Panrong Krissana , Rojnuckarin Ponlapat , Chiasakul Thita 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Thromboembolic and bleeding events after vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are major public concerns leading to vaccine hesitancy. Due to low incidence, an individual randomized controlled trial (RCT) is underpowered to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 vaccines increase the risks of thromboembolism and hemorrhage. Methods: We performed a literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, medRxiv databases, and reference lists of relevant articles to identify RCTs that reported thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events and thromboembolism/hemorrhage-related death after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled thromboembolic risk related to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines compared to placebo. The secondary outcomes included estimating the risks of arterial thromboembolism (ATE), venous thromboembolisms (VTE), hemorrhage, and thromboembolism/hemorrhage-related death. Results: Eight RCTs of 4 vaccine platforms comprised of 195,196 participants were retrieved. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were not associated with an increased risk of overall thromboembolism (risk ratio [RR], 1.14; 95%CI [confidence interval], 0.61-2.14; I2 = 35%), ATE (RR, 0.97; 95%CI, 0.46-2.06; I2 = 21%), VTE (RR, 1.47; 95%CI, 0.72-2.99; I2 = 0%), hemorrhage (RR, 0.97; 95%CI, 0.35-2.68; I2 = 0), and thromboembolism/hemorrhage-related death (RR, 0.53; 95%CI, 0.16-1.79; I2 = 0). Compared to the baseline estimated risk of these outcomes in participants administered placebos, the risk differences with vaccines were very small and not statistically significant. These findings were consistent in the subgroup analysis across 4 vaccine platforms. Conclusion: Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are not associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism, hemorrhage, and thromboembolism/hemorrhage-related death.
Synergistic Cytotoxicity From Combination of Lupeol and Ionizing Radiation in Head and Neck Cancer Cells.
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sayantan , Ghosh Paramita , Saha Depanwita , Mitra Debarpan , Banerjee Samir , Chakraborty Manas , Ray Dilip , Maji Tapas , Murmu Nabendu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) is one of the most conventional treatment regimens for treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). It is often employed as a primary treatment or as an adjuvant to surgery. Despondently IR has its own drawbacks including radiation resistance, poor prognosis and frequent recurrence. The main objective of this work was to check the synergistic effect of Lupeol along with IR in order to observe if adjuvant treatment of novel phytochemicals like Lupeol with IR shows better efficacy. Head and Neck cancer cell line HEp-2 and UPCI: SCC 131 was treated with both Lupeol (50 µM) and IR (2 Gy) for short interval and the cytotoxicity of the drug combination was evaluated. Data showed synergistic effect of Lupeol with IR in both cell lines. The combination of lupeol and IR had highest cytotoxicity, induction of apoptosis was also found to be higher in the combination treatment. Additionally the combination also inhibited cell migration and sphere formation capability indicating direct effect of the combinatorial treatment on the Epithelial to Messenchymal transition (EMT) forming population of HNSCC cells. Findings also showed downregulation of key oncoproteins (AKT, NF-kB, COX-2) in the combination treatment proving synergistic effect of Lupeol with ionizing radiation in killing Head and Neck cancer cells by downregulating several oncogenic pathways.
An Automated Framework for Detection, Localization, and Classification of Colonic Polyp using Deep Learning
Authors: Sasmal Pradipta , Paul Avinash , Bhuyan M. K. , Iwahori Yuji , Ogasawara Naotaka , Kasugai Kunio 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) in its advanced stage is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. However, early detection of polyps which are the precursor to such cancer can lead to better prognosis and clinical management. This report proposes an automated diagnostic technique to detect, localize, and classify polyps in colonoscopy video frames. Manual detection and localization of polyps on hugely acquired colonic frames have many limitations. Our deep learning-based framework proposes an attention-based YOLOv4 detector for polyp detection and localization. Finally, leveraging a fusion of deep and handcrafted features of the polyps, the detected polyps are classified as benign or malignant. The individual and the cross-database performances on two databases suggest the robustness of our method in polyp localization. The comparison of our approach based on significant clinical parameters with current state-of-the-art methods confirms that our method can be used for automated polyp localization in both real-time and offline colonoscopic video frames. Our method can give an average precisionof 0.8971 and 0.9171 and an average IoU of 0.8325 and 0.8179 for the Kvsir-SEG and SUN databases, respectively. Similarly, our proposed classification framework on the detected polyps yields a classification accuracy of 96.66% on a public dataset.
Lysyl oxidase family genes polymorphisms and risk of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A case control study
Authors: Dong Rui , Luo Chun , Li Bingyang , Hu Chongyu , Liu Junyu , Hu Liming , Liao Xin , Zhou Jilin , Xu Lu , Liu Songlin , Li Yifeng , Yuan Dun , Jiang Weixi , Yan Junxia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction:

aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a devastating disease caused by intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) family genes (LOX-like [LOXL] 1–4) have roles in collagen cross-linking in the extracellular matrix and may be associated with IA rupture. We aimed to explore the association between LOX polymorphisms and the risk of aSAH.
Methods

This case-control study included two cohorts: 133 and 115 single ruptured and unruptured IA patients, and 65 and 71 multiple ruptured and unruptured IAs patients, respectively. Genotyping of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LOX was performed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the SNPs of LOX and risk of aSAH.
Results

LOX rs180044 and LOXL4 rs3793692 were positively associated with the risk of single IA rupture in the recessive model (OR = 5.66, 2.06; 95% CI = 1.22–26.24, 1.11–3.82, respectively) and LOX rs10519694 demonstrated a protective effect on single IA rupture (dominant model: OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.21–0.83; recessive model: OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.04–0.65; additive model: OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.28–0.78). LOXL1 rs2165241, LOXL2 rs1063582, and LOXL3 rs17010021 demonstrated risk effects on multiple IAs rupture. LOXL3 rs17010022 showed a protective effect on multiple IAs rupture (dominant model: OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.21–0.82; additive model: OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.30–0.85).
Discussion

LOX and LOXL4 may be susceptible to single IA rupture, whereas LOXL1-3 may have a role in susceptibility to multiple IAs rupture in the Chinese population, suggesting LOX family genes may associated with aSAH.