bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between clinical characteristics and tumor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer
Authors: Pang Xiaolin , Gao Yuanhong , Yi Hanchen , Liu Hailing , Liu Shuai , Zheng Jian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFollowing standard neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision, some patients with locally advanced rectal cancer achieve good response (pathological T0–2N0), while others show nonresponse (pathological T3–4N0 or node‐positive). To date, the clinicopathological predictors of good response and the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy treatment (ACT) in good responders remain unclear. In this retrospective study, clinicopathological characteristics were surveyed to investigate the correlation with good response; furthermore, a propensity score matching (PSM) model was designed to balance the confounding factors between good responders treated with ACT or observation. A total of 2255 patients were enrolled, including 1069 good responders and 1186 nonresponders. The results of the survival analysis showed a good response predicted a better 3‐year prognosis (p < 0.001). The logistic regression analysis showed less advanced T and N stages (T3 vs. T4; N0 vs. N1–2), more neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) cycles (≥4 vs. 1–3), and delayed surgery (≥8 weeks vs. <8 weeks) were independent predictors of a good response (p < 0.05). Especially, patients treated with both more nCT cycles and a delay in surgery included the greatest number of good responders (p < 0.001). For good responders, after PSM (1:3), 235 observation cases were matched to 705 ACT cases. As compared with observation, ACT had no greater impact on prognosis analysis (p > 0.05). In conclusion, more cycles of nCT and a delay in surgery predicted a better response, and the delivery of ACT might be omitted in good responders.
MXene@Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) Decorated Carbon Cloth for Highly Electrochemically Active Biofilms in Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Xing Chengcheng , Jiang Demin , Tong Le , Ma Kexin , Xu Yan , Xie Kun , Wang Yuqiao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe anode characteristics are important to the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) due to the influence on biofilm formation and extracellular electron transfer (EET). Herein, MXene was modified by the superhydrophilic cationic polymer poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) to prepare MXene@PDDA/carbon cloth (CC) as an anode for MFC. The unique anode combines the advantages of high conductivity, superhydrophilicity and biocompatibility. The anode facilitated the enrichment of electrochemical active bacterium and promoted the efficiency of EET process. MFCs based on MXene@PDDA/CC anodes can produce the remarkable power output and the satisfactory effluent removal efficiency through an external series resistance of 1 kΩ. The device can gain the maximum output voltage of 585 mV and the maximum power density of 811 mW m−2. The efficiencies of methyl orange decolorization and chemical oxygen demand were up to 79 % and 84 % after 12 h, respectively.
A Fluorescence Sensor Array Based on Zinc(II)‐Carboxyamidoquinolines: Toward Quantitative Detection of ATP**
Authors: Pushina Mariia , Farshbaf Sepideh , Mochida Wakana , Kanakubo Masashi , Nishiyabu Ryuhei , Kubo Yuji , Anzenbacher Pavel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe newly prepared fluorescent carboxyamidoquinolines (1–3) and their Zn(II) complexes (Zn@1‐Zn@3) were used to bind and sense various phosphate anions utilizing a relay mechanism, in which the Zn(II) ion migrates from the Zn@1‐Zn@3 complexes to the phosphate, namely adenosine 5’‐triphosphate (ATP) and pyrophosphate (PPi), a process accompanied by a dramatic change in fluorescence. Zn@1‐Zn@3 assemblies interact with adenine nucleotide phosphates while displaying an analyte‐specific response. This process was investigated using UV‐vis, fluorescence, and NMR spectroscopy. It is shown that the different binding selectivity and the corresponding fluorescence response enable differentiation of adenosine 5’‐triphosphate (ATP), adenosine 5’‐diphosphate (ADP), pyrophosphate (PPi), and phosphate (Pi). The cross‐reactive nature of the carboxyamidoquinolines‐Zn(II) sensors in conjunction with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was utilized in a simple fluorescence chemosensor array that allows for the identification of ATP, ADP, PPi, and Pi from 8 other anions including adenosine 5’‐monophosphate (AMP) with 100 % correct classification. Furthermore, the support vector machine algorithm, a machine learning method, allowed for highly accurate quantitation of ATP in the range of 5–100 μM concentration in unknown samples with error <2.5 %.
Two‐Step Thermal Annealing: An Effective Route for 15 % Efficient Quasi‐2D Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Romano Valentino , Najafi Leyla , Sutanto Albertus Adrian , Schileo Giorgio , Queloz Valentin , Bellani Sebastiano , Prato Mirko , Marras Sergio , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , D'Angelo Giovanna , Bonaccorso Francesco , Grancini Giulia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are collaborators from University of Pavia, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, University of Messina and Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. The cover picture shows the crystal structure of a Ruddlesden‐Popper quasi‐2D perovskite with chemical formula (PEA)2MA39Pb40I121 (with PEA: phenylethylammonium and MA: methylammonium). The subscript 40 indicates the number of PbI6 octahedra separated by a double layer of PEA cations. Such quasi‐2D perovskites exhibit efficient photovoltaic performances and higher stability with respect to the pure 3D counterpart (MAPbI3). This article is part of the Special Collection on “Perovskite Materials and Devices”. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.202000777.
The influence of maladaptive coping modes, resilience, and job demands on emotional exhaustion in psychologists
Authors: Smout Matthew F. , Simpson Susan G. , Stacey Fiona , Reid Corinne 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAlthough it is well established that emotion‐focused coping is associated with burnout, the schema therapy model may improve the prediction of who is most vulnerable to using emotion‐focused coping and what kinds of emotion‐focused coping carry the greatest risk of burnout. It is also unknown the extent to which resilience might buffer against maladaptive coping in protecting against burnout. The present study investigated whether maladaptive coping modes would incrementally predict emotional exhaustion (EE) adjusting for resilience and whether resilience might moderate the effect of maladaptive coping on EE. The possible role of maladaptive coping as a mediator of job demands on EE was also explored. Four hundred and forty‐three clinical and counselling psychologists completed online measures of job demands, EE, resilience, and maladaptive coping modes. The Detached Protector mode was associated with greater EE after adjusting for resilience. Bully and Attack mode was associated with greater EE when considered separately from other coping modes but associated with decreased EE when considered together. Resilience did not moderate the effect of job demands on EE, or the effect of coping modes on EE, except for Compliant Surrenderer. Coping modes only partially mediated the effect of job demands on EE accounting for 20% or less of its effect. Maladaptive coping modes appear to make independent contributions to the risk of EE and efforts to reduce burnout in psychologists should focus dually on increasing resilience‐building practices and decreasing maladaptive coping.
Exposure to combat incidents within military and civilian populations as possible correlates of potentially morally injurious events and moral injury outcomes among Israeli combat veterans
Authors: Zerach Gadi , Levi‐Belz Yossi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesExposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) is considered a necessary but insufficient determinant of moral injury (MI) outcomes. However, a question remains regarding possible acts and the necessary features of PMIEs that should be considered transgressive and might lead to MI psychopathological outcomes. We aim to examine the links between exposure to combat incidents within civilian Palestinian populations (CPPs), PMIEs and MI‐related outcomes of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (PTSS), trauma‐related guilt and shame. We also aim to explore the mediating roles of subjective perceptions of PMIEs in the relationship between exposure to combat incidents within CPP and MI‐related outcomes among combat veterans.MethodA volunteer sample of 716 Israeli combat veterans responded to self‐report questionnaires in a cross‐sectional design study.ResultsExposure to combat incidents within CPP has been primarily associated with perpetration based PMIEs and MI‐related guilt outcomes. Importantly, betrayal‐based PMIEs mediated the association between reports of being the victim of verbal violence by militants and/or civilians and MI outcomes. Moreover, perpetration‐based PMIEs mediated associations between reports of personal acts, or witnessing acts, of physical and verbal violence and degradation by militants and/or civilians, and MI outcomes.ConclusionsMilitary incidents within civilian populations are related to subjective perceptions of PMIEs and MI‐related psychopathological outcomes. While betrayal‐based experiences might serve as a mechanism to being a victim of verbal violence and MI outcomes, perpetration‐based experiences might serve as mechanisms to physical, verbal and degradation incidents and MI outcomes.
Amylopectin Regulated Mineralization of Calcium Carbonate and Its Application in Removing of Pb(II)
Authors: Zhao Qinjiang , Zhou Lihong , Du Jie , Wang Guanghui , Pei Xiangjun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs an ecological and environment‐friendly building material, sticky rice mortar has attracted the attention of many researchers. Amylopectin is the most important organic matter of it, which can improve the mechanical properties and durability of sticky rice mortar by inducing mineralization of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). However, amylopectin induced formation of CaCO3 has not been reported. In this paper, mineralization of CaCO3 induced by gelatinized amylopectin is investigated. For comparison, the different morphologies of CaCO3 are studied in the presence of Mg2+, Fe3+. Moreover, these CaCO3 products with different morphologies are used to clean the waste water. The results indicate that gelatinized amylopectin is conducive to formation of pumpkin‐like vaterite. It forms uniform rod and dumbbell‐shaped calcite in the presence of Mg2+, form calcite with stepped depressions in the presence of Fe3+. The adsorption of Pb(II) can reach extremely high level (1445.86 mg g−1) with the rod‐like calcite.
Low Carbon Footprint Recycling of Post‐Consumer PET Plastic with a Metagenomic Polyester Hydrolase
Authors: Sonnendecker Christian , Oeser Juliane , Richter P. Konstantin , Hille Patrick , Zhao Ziyue , Fischer Cornelius , Lippold Holger , Blázquez‐Sánchez Paula , Engelberger Felipe , Ramírez‐Sarmiento César A. , Oeser Thorsten , Lihanova Yuliia , Frank Ronny , Jahnke Heinz‐Georg , Billig Susan , Abel Bernd , Sträter Norbert , Matysik Jörg , Zimmermann Wolfgang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEarth is flooded with plastics and the need for sustainable recycling strategies for polymers has become increasingly urgent. Enzyme‐based hydrolysis of post‐consumer plastic is an emerging strategy for closed‐loop recycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The polyester hydrolase PHL7, isolated from a compost metagenome, completely hydrolyzes amorphous PET films, releasing 91 mg of terephthalic acid per hour and mg of enzyme. Vertical scanning interferometry shows degradation rates of the PET film of 6.8 μm h−1. Structural analysis indicates the importance of leucine at position 210 for the extraordinarily high PET‐hydrolyzing activity of PHL7. Within 24 h, 0.6 mgenzyme gPET−1 completely degrades post‐consumer thermoform PET packaging in an aqueous buffer at 70 °C without any energy‐intensive pretreatments. Terephthalic acid recovered from the enzymatic hydrolysate is then used to synthesize virgin PET, demonstrating the potential of polyester hydrolases as catalysts in sustainable PET recycling processes with a low carbon footprint.
Advancing Air‐ and Moisture‐Compatible s‐Block Organometallic Chemistry Using Sustainable Solvents
Authors: García‐Garrido Sergio E. , Presa Soto Alejandro , Hevia Eva , García‐Álvarez Joaquín 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChallenging conventional wisdom that s‐block organometallic reagents such as Grignard or organolithiums need to be used under protecting inert atmosphere (N2 or Ar), employing dry organic solvents with a strict temperature control, this Minireview focusses on recent advances on the use of these commodity reagents while operating under air, at room temperature and in the presence of moisture. Key for the success of these approaches has been the use of the following sustainable solvents: i) water; ii) Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs); or iii) biomass‐derived polyols (like glycerol) or ethereal solvents [i. e., 2‐MeTHF or cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME)]. The versatility of these air and moisture compatible synthetic protocols has been demonstrated for a myriad of key organic transformations, including nucleophilic additions of RLi/RMgX reagents to unsaturated organic molecules (i. e., ketones, imines, esters, amides or nitriles) as well as ortho‐ and lateral lithiation of aromatic substrates, Pd catalysed cross‐couplings and anionic polymerisation of styrenes. Extension of these studies to lithium amides (LiNR2) or phosphides (LiPPh2) has enabled the development of more sustainable and efficient methods for C−N and C−P bond forming processes. These unconventional s‐block metal mediated transformations have also been successfully incorporated in one‐pot tandem processes in combination with transition‐metal and organo‐catalysis. Remarkably, in some cases the conversions and chemoselectivities observed are superior to those detected in common toxic organic solvents, while working under inert atmosphere conditions with strict temperature control. The key role played by the choice of solvent in these transformations and how it can affect the constitution of the s‐block organometallic species present in solution is also discussed.
Ru‐Catalyzed C(sp2)−H Bond Arylation of Benzamides Bearing a Novel 4‐Aminoantipyrine as a Directing Group
Authors: Al Mamari Hamad H. , Al Kiumi Diana , Al Rashdi Tamadher , Al Quraini Huda , Al Rashdi Malak , Al Sheraiqi Sumayya , Al Harmali Sara , Al Lamki Mohammed , Al Sheidi Ahmed , Al Zadjali Asma 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA novel design‐based removableN,O‐bidentate directing group based on cheap and commercially available 4‐aminoantipyrine (AAP) is reported. AromaticAPamides bearing 4‐aminoantipyrine underwent efficient Ru‐catalyzed C(sp2)−H arylation using [RuCl2(PPh3)3] as a catalyst and aryl bromides as electrophiles. The novel bidentate directing group enabled the C−H functionalization reaction with good scope, good functional group tolerance and in decent yields.
Convenient Multicomponent One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Iminothiazolines and 2‐Aminothiazoles Using Elemental Sulfur Under Aqueous Conditions
Authors: Németh András Gy. , Marlok Bence , Domján Attila , Gao Qinghe , Han Xinya , Keserű György M. , Ábrányi‐Balogh Péter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHerein, we present a novel one‐pot aqueous reaction for the synthesis of 2‐iminothiazolines and 2‐aminothiazoles using isocyanides, amines, sulfur, and 2′‐bromoacetophenones. The three‐component preparation of thioureas is followed by the one‐pot cyclization leading to the heterocyclic product. This efficient and mild procedure features excellent step‐ and atom‐economy and enables the chromatography‐free preparation of diversely substituted 2‐iminothiazoline and 2‐aminothiazole derivatives.
Archimedes screw generators for sustainable micro‐hydropower production
Authors: Simmons Scott Christopher , Lubitz William David 
Published: June 2021

SummaryArchimedes screws have been used as pumps since antiquity and have more recently been implemented in micro‐hydropower plants as an ecologically advantageous technology. They are regarded as a hydropower technology with lower environmental impact since they allow safe passage of aquatic flora and fauna through slow turning, widely spaced blades during operation. Archimedes screw generators (ASGs) operate at river‐to‐wire efficiencies at approximately 75% with relatively low installation and maintenance costs when compared to other hydropower technologies of the same scale. ASGs are relatively simple and cost‐efficient to manufacture—simple enough to create in the seventh century BCE. Modern manufacturing techniques for sheet metal and fabrication have refined ASG production. The literature contains various parametric models for predicting screw power output, and more recent numerical simulations have provided insight into the fluid mechanics of screw generators. The knowledge gained from these studies has allowed researchers to suggest more optimal designs for Archimedes screws. However, much can be done to further improve the accuracy of power prediction models. This paper discusses the current state of the literature for ASGs, and highlights areas for future research to improve power prediction and optimization capabilities for researchers and industrial designers.Highlights
Archimedes screws are an ancient pumping technology that have more recently found use as a hydropower‐producing technology.
Archimedes screw generators (ASGs) are a small‐scale hydropower technology that may be installed as a run‐of‐river installation.
ASGs are an eco‐friendly technology that allow for the safe passage of sediments, small debris, fish, and other aquatic wildlife through their flights during operation.
There are few experiments and computational fluid dynamic simulations that have sought to extend the literature's data on ASG operation.
Current performance models for ASGs lack robust validation to be properly implemented in power plant design.
A robust type‐2 fuzzy logic‐based maximum power point tracking approach for thermoelectric generation systems
Authors: Rezk Hegazy , Harrag Abdelghani 
Published: June 2021

SummaryA robust type‐2 fuzzy logic (FL)‐based approach for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is proposed in this work. The method is used to increase the energy efficiency of thermoelectric generators (TEGs). Type‐2 FL was applied to adapt the variable step size of incremental resistance (INR) MPPT to track the maximum available power of a TEG. The output power from a TEG relies mostly on the difference in temperature of its two sides added to the load value. Consequently, MPPT must be robust to extract the optimum operation point continually under varying operational conditions. The aim of the suggested approach is to enhance the dynamic response and eradicate fluctuations around the maximum power point (MPP). The results employing the type‐2 FL are compared with conventional methods including INR, perturb and observe (P&O), and type‐1 FL. With a variable load (15, 20, and 25 Ω), the proposed approach takes around 7 ms to reach a steady state with 2.6, 3.9, and 5.2 W overshoot, respectively, and almost zero oscillation. With a fixed load and a fixed temperature difference, our proposed tracker decreases the response time by 35.84%, 45.27%, and 96.50% compared to INR, P&O, and conventional FL, respectively. With a fixed load and a varying temperature difference, the proposed tracker decreases the response time by 53.33%, 94.07%, and 96.53% compared to INR, P&O, and conventional FL, respectively. The results confirmed the ability of the proposed method to keep the conversion efficiency of TEGs high and stable, reducing energy loss.
Effect of an optimal oxide layer on the efficiency of graphene‐silicon Schottky junction solar cell
Authors: Aftab Sikandar , Iqbal Muhammad Zahir , Alam Shahid , Alzaid Meshal 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThe harvesting of solar energy through silicon/graphene Schottky junction photovoltaic cell has been widely investigated in the last decade but the surface recombination at interface limits the high conversion efficiency. We have demonstrated the utilization of the optimum thickness (1.5 nm) of Al2O3 between the interfaces of graphene and n‐type Si as an interlayer to reduce the surface recombination along with chemical doping of perfluorinated polymeric sulfonic acid (PFSA) is used as a p‐type dopant to modulate the work function of graphene. The Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) analysis revealed that the p‐doping enhances the graphene work function from 4.65 to 4.8 eV. The transport measurements are performed to study the shift in charge neutrality point of graphene. Furthermore, the effect of PFSA doping on graphene is also confirmed through Raman spectroscopy. The maximum value of power conversion efficiency (PCE) was found to be 13.52% (100 mW cm−2, AM 1.5) by introducing an optimal oxide layer and PFSA doping. The device exhibits the photoresponsivity of 0.10 AW−1. We believe that our findings will provide a route toward the development of new photovoltaic (PV) cells.
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester mitigates cadmium‐induced damage via the Hsa_circ_0010039/miR‐661/Caspase9 axis–mediated apoptosis
Authors: Hao Rili , Ge Junlin , Li Meiqi , Song Xinyu , Jiang Yang , Li Feng , Sun‐Waterhouse Dongxiao , Li Dapeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCaffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a bioactive component of honeybee propolis, which has protective effect against heavy metal induced toxicology. Cadmium is a kind of heavy metal pollutant that is hazardous to human health especially liver, and apoptosis is an important mechanism related to cadmium injury. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are involved in the regulation of apoptosis. However, the protective effects of CAPE on cadmium‐induced cell apoptosis through CircRNA related mechanisms remains unclear at the current stage. In the present research, cell‐based studies revealed that treating HepG2 cells with CdCl2 (0–30 μM; 24 h) caused a dose‐dependent decrease in cell viability, and CAPE at 10 μM could reverse such a decrease. The circular RNA hsa‐circ‐0010039 may function as a ceRNA for the microRNA miR‐661 to enhance caspase 9 expression and regulate apoptosis. The anti‐apoptotic effects of CAPE against CdCl2‐induced injury may be achieved through inhibiting the expression of hsa‐circ‐0010039 and caspase 9 while up‐regulating miR‐661 expression. This is the first report on the involvement of circRNA in CAPE's alleviating effect on CdCl2‐induced injury and apoptosis. The hsa_circ_0010039/miR‐661/caspase9 axis deserves further research efforts especially in search of dietary interventions for cadmium injury.