bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The logics of COVID‐19 travel restrictions between European countries
Authors: Neumayer Eric , Plümper Thomas , Shaikh Matthew 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe article analyzes the existence of bilateral travel restrictions between European countries during the second wave of the Sars‐CoV‐2 pandemic. The paper tests three sets of theoretically derived predictions, which follow epidemiological, economic, and political logics.MethodWe analyze a sample of directed bilateral travel restrictions between 27 European countries: 27.26 = 702 country dyads over a period of 6 months during the second wave of the pandemic.ResultsWe find robust and relevant results for the difference in incidence rates, for income from tourism, for trust in government and public administration and for political inclusiveness.ConclusionOur analyses demonstrates that economic and political logics exert a strong influence on containment measures and thus stress the relevance of forming a large societal and political coalition against the pandemic.
Does social media type matter to politics? Investigating the difference in political participation depending on preferred social media sites
Authors: Kim Cheonsoo , Lee Soobum 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates the relationship between social media use for information and political participation with the type of social media as a moderator to shed light on platform‐specific biases related to political participation. To this end, social media sites were classified into two types: symmetrical and asymmetrical,based on their functional characteristics that affect the way users form a relationship on the siteMethodsUsing data from a U.S. national survey, we test a theoretical model where the path from social media use for information through online political participation to offline political participation is moderated differently by users’ preference for the type of social media.ResultsOnline political participation mediated the relationship between social media use for information and offline political participation. Users’ preference for symmetrical social media moderated the path from social media use for information through online political participation to offline political participation, whereas users’ preference for asymmetrical social media did not.ConclusionAll else being equal, the more often people use symmetrical social media for information, the more likely they are to participate in politics.
Optimal interpolation method to predict the bathymetry of Saldanha Bay
Authors: Henrico Ivan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAccurate interpolation when compiling bathymetric maps is essential in any water depth study. In the case of Saldanha Bay, continuous dredging operations are constantly altering the ocean floor, which has a detrimental effect on sedimentation and coastal hydrodynamics. If the integrity of the coastline is to be secured, accurate bathymetry predictions would be invaluable in determining the effect of dredging operations on coastal erosion. Inverse distance weighting (IDW) and ordinary kriging (OK) are two well‐known and commonly used interpolation methods to produce surfaces through spatial autocorrelation for numerous applications, inter alia, to estimate bathymetry. This study aims to analyse and compare the efficiency of the IDW and OK interpolation methods to predict the bathymetry of Saldanha Bay. Three comparative interpolation tests, which vary according to the decrease in the quantity of sounding points, are conducted. SPSS statistical software was used to assess the performance of the interpolation methods. Firstly, 2D scatterplots were used to show the correlation between predicted and measured sounding values for each interpolation method. Secondly, analysis of variance was employed to investigate whether the difference between the IDW and OK interpolation methods was statistically significant, and to determine which method was best suited for determining the bathymetry of Saldanha Bay. Findings revealed a strong linear relationship between predicted and measured sounding values for both IDW and OK when 100% of the sounding points are used. Conversely, for medium and small quantities of sounding points, a weak correlation exists. Clear similarities exist in the way that IDW and OK estimate and generate the continuous surface of bathymetry. However, IDW consistently performed better than OK across all interpolation tests. The findings of this study will assist in selecting the most suitable interpolation method for future bathymetry surveys of Saldanha Bay.
Madograms help to quantify mountain frontal zones—An approach towards comparative spatial analysis of complex landforms
Authors: Szymanowski Mariusz , Różycka Milena , Jancewicz Kacper , Migoń Piotr 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article explores the value of madograms to characterize the geomorphology of frontal belts of mountain ranges. Madograms are a geostatistical, variogram‐related concept, allowing for the analysis of altitude variability as a function of distance. After simple idealized digital elevation models were tested to reveal characteristic madogram shapes for various landform configurations, madograms were calculated for three frontal zones of different origin and morphology, located in the Sudetes range (Central Europe). Isopleth madograms and Ward's clustering method were applied to investigate similarities and differences within and between frontal zones. The results proved consistent with the accumulated, largely qualitative knowledge about geomorphology of the frontal zones and confirm the usefulness of the method, which allows for more insightful quantification of the morphology of mountain frontal zones, recognition of their internal spatial structure, and discrimination between fronts of various morphology and origin. Various recommendations for future users are also offered.
Dehydrin MsDHN1 improves aluminum tolerance of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) by affecting oxalate exudation from root tips
Authors: Lv Aimin , Wen Wuwu , Fan Nana , Su Liantai , Zhou Peng , An Yuan 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARYA SK3‐type dehydrinMsDHN1was cloned from alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.). Its function and gene regulatory pathways were studied via overexpression and suppression ofMsDHN1in alfalfa seedlings or hairy roots. The results showed that MsDHN1 is a typical intrinsically disordered protein that exists in the form of monomers and homodimers in alfalfa. The plant growth rates increased as a result ofMsDHN1overexpression (MsDHN1‐OE) and decreased uponMsDHN1suppression (MsDHN1‐RNAi) in seedlings or hairy roots of alfalfa compared with the wild‐type or the vector line under Al stress. MsDHN1 interacting with aquaporin (AQP) MsPIP2;1 and MsTIP1;1 positively affected oxalate secretion from root tips and Al accumulation in root tips. MsABF2 was proven to be an upstream transcription factor ofMsDHN1and activatedMsDHN1expression by binding to theABREelement of theMsDHN1promoter. The transcriptional regulation of MsABF2 onMsDHN1was dependent on the abscisic acid signaling pathway. These results indicate that MsDHN1 can increase alfalfa tolerance to Al stress via increasing oxalate secretion from root tips, which may involve in the interaction of MsDHN1 with two AQP.
Thick branes with inner structure in mimetic f(R) gravity
Authors: Chen Jing , Guo Wen-Di , Liu Yu-Xiao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study the structure and gravitational resonances of thick branes generated by a mimetic scalar field in f(R) gravity. We obtain several typical thick brane solutions for $$f(R)=R+\alpha R^2$$

f

(
R
)

=
R
+
α

R
2

. To study their stability, we analyze the tensor perturbation of the metric. It is shown that any thick brane model with $$df/dR>0$$

d
f
/
d
R
>
0

is stable and the graviton zero mode can be localized on the brane for each solution, which indicates that the four-dimensional Newtonian gravity can be restored. The effect of the parameter $$\alpha $$
α
on the gravitational resonances is studied. As a brane splits into multi sub-branes, the effective potential of the tensor perturbation will have an abundant inner structure with multi-wells, and this will lead to new phenomena of the gravitational resonances.
Probing charmonium-like XYZ states in hadron–hadron ultraperipheral collisions and electron–proton scattering
Authors: Xie Ya-Ping , Wang Xiao-Yun , Chen Xurong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExclusive production of charmonium-like XYZ states in hadron–hadron ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) and electron–proton scattering are studied employing the effective Lagrangian method. Total cross sections and rapidity distributions of charmonium-like XYZ states are obtained in hadron–hadron UPCs and the electron–proton scattering process. These predictions can be applied to estimate the observed event number of exclusive charmonium-like XYZ states in hadron–hadron UPCs and electron–proton scattering. The results indicate that it is significant to search X(3872) and $$Z^+_c(3900)$$

Z
c
+

(
3900
)

in pA UPCs, and the Electron–Ion Collider in China will be an advantageous platform to observe XYZ states in the future.
O(25, 25) symmetry of bosonic string theory at order $$\alpha '^2$$
Authors: Garousi Mohammad R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt has been recently observed that the imposition of the O(1, 1) symmetry on the circle reduction of the classical effective action of string theory, can fix the effective action of the bosonic string theory at order $$\alpha '^2$$

α

′
2

, up to an overall factor. In this paper, we use the cosmological reduction on the action and show that, up to one-dimensional field redefinitions and total derivative terms, it can be written in the O(25, 25)-invariant form proposed by Hohm and Zwiebach.
KRAS Inhibitor Resistance in MET-Amplified KRASG12C Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Induced By RAS- and Non–RAS-Mediated Cell Signaling Mechanisms
Authors: Suzuki Shinichiro , Yonesaka Kimio , Teramura Takeshi , Takehara Toshiyuki , Kato Ryoji , Sakai Hitomi , Haratani Koji , Tanizaki Junko , Kawakami Hisato , Hayashi Hidetoshi , Sakai Kazuko , Nishio Kazuto , Nakagawa Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Treatment with KRASG12C inhibitors such as sotorasib can produce substantial regression of tumors in some patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These patients require alternative treatment after acquiring resistance to the inhibitor. The mechanisms underlying this acquired resistance are unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify the mechanisms underlying acquired sotorasib resistance, and to explore potential treatments for rescuing patients with sotorasib-resistant KRASG12C NSCLC cells.

Experimental Design:
Clones of sotorasib-sensitive KRASG12C NSCLC H23 cells exposed to different concentrations of sotorasib were examined using whole-genomic transcriptome analysis, multiple receptor kinase phosphorylation analysis, and gene copy-number evaluation. The underlying mechanisms of resistance were investigated using immunologic examination, and a treatment aimed at overcoming resistance was tested in vitro and in vivo.

Results:
Unbiased screening detected subclonal evolution of MET amplification in KRASG12C NSCLC cells that had developed resistance to sotorasib in vitro. MET knockdown using small interfering RNA (siRNA) restored susceptibility to sotorasib in these resistant cells. MET activation by its amplification reinforced RAS cycling from its inactive form to its active form. In addition to RAS-mediated MEK–ERK induction, MET induced AKT activation independently of RAS. Crizotinib, a MET inhibitor, restored sensitivity to sotorasib by eliminating RAS–MEK–ERK as well as AKT signaling. MET/KRASG12C dual inhibition led to tumor shrinkage in sotorasib-resistant xenograft mice.

Conclusions:
MET amplification leads to the development of resistance to KRASG12C inhibitors in NSCLC. Dual blockade of MET and KRASG12C could be a treatment option for MET-amplified, KRASG12C-mutated NSCLC.
Levenberg–Marquart logistic deep neural learning based energy efficient and load balanced routing in MANET
Authors: Sangeetha A. , Rajendran T. 
Published: August 2021

As the advent of new technologies grows, the deployment of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) becomes increasingly popular in many application areas. In addition, all the nodes in MANET are battery operated and the node mobility affects the path stability and creates excessive traffic leads to higher utilization of energy, data loss which degrades the performance of routing. So, in this paper we propose Levenberg–Marquardt logistic deep neural learning based energy efficient and load balanced routing (LLDNL-EELBR) which is a machine learning method to deeply analyze the mobile nodes to calculate residual load and energy and it also uses logistic activation function to select the mobile node having higher residual energy and residual load to route the data packet. Experimental evaluations of three methods (LLDNL-EELBR, multipath battery and mobility-aware routing scheme (MBMA-OLSR) and opportunistic routing with gradient forwarding for MANETs (ORGMA)) were done and the result reveals that LLDNL-EELBR method is able to increase the through put and minimizes the delay and energy consumption in MANET when compared to works under consideration.<br /><div> </div>
User experience assessment of a COVID-19 tracking mobile application (AMAN) in Jordan
Authors: Saleh Ashraf Mousa , Abuaddous Hayfa Y. , Enaizan Odai , Ghabban Fahad 
Published: August 2021

<p>This study assesses the user experience of a COVID-19 tracking application, as employed as a case study of AMAN mobile application based on user experience. This paper proposed an assessment of user experience (UX) for AMAN application (COVID-19 tracking mobile application in Jordan) by implementing a user experience questionnaire tool. The study aims to get feedback and identify UX based on user interaction and usage with the tracking application. The data are taken from 1208 participants who have experience using the application; an online questionnaire was implemented and distributed through social media groups. The research method that was adopted used the instrument from user experience questionnaire (UEQ) of Arabic and English versions. The results from the UX assessment using UEQ showed that there are four scales which are categorized as excellent; they are Attractiveness (Mean=1.9), Efficiency (Mean=2.4), Dependability (Mean=2.1), Stimulation (Mean=1.8), while the two scales on the benchmark of good are Perspicuity (Mean=2.0) and Novelty (Mean=1.6). From the scores, above &lt; 0.8 show a positive evaluation. All scores are above &gt;0,08 indicating that the evaluation of UX has a positive impression. It can be concluded that the AMAN application is very good–satisfying users to track infected cases of COVID 19. </p>
Privacy preserving association rule hiding using border based approach
Authors: B. Suma , G. Shobha 
Published: August 2021

<div>Association rule mining is a well-known data mining technique used for extracting hidden correlations between data items in large databases. In the majority of the situations, data mining results contain sensitive information about individuals and publishing such data will violate individual secrecy. The challenge of association rule mining is to preserve the confidentiality of sensitive rules when releasing the database to external parties. The association rule hiding technique conceals the knowledge extracted by the sensitive association rules by modifying the database. In this paper, we introduce a border-based algorithm for hiding sensitive association rules. The main purpose of this approach is to conceal the sensitive rule set while maintaining the utility of the database and association rule mining results at the highest level. The performance of the algorithm in terms of the side effects is demonstrated using experiments conducted on two real datasets. The results show that the information loss is minimized without sacrificing the accuracy. </div>
Cotton-wool spots, red-lesions and hard-exudates distinction using CNN enhancement and transfer learning
Authors: Tan Tian-Swee , As'ari M. A. , Wan Hitam Wan Hazabbah , Ngoo Qi Zhe , Foh thye Matthias Tiong , Chia hiik Kelvin Ling 
Published: August 2021

<div>The automatic retinal disease diagnosis by artificial intelligent is an interesting and challenging topic in the medical field. It requires an appropriate image enhancement technique and a sufficient training dataset for the specific retina conditions. The aim of this study was to design an automatic diagnosis convolutional neural network (CNN) model which does not require a large training dataset to specifically identify diabetic retinopathy symptoms, which are cotton wool, exudates spots and red lesionin colour fundus pictures. A novel framework comprised image enhancement method by using upgraded contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (UCLAHE) filter and transferred pre-trained networks was developed to classify the retinal diseases regarding to the symptoms. The performance of the proposed framework was evaluated based on accuracy, sensitivity and specificity metrics. The collected results have proven the robustness of the proposed framework in offering good accuracy in retina diseases diagnosis. </div>
Active voltage balancing strategy of asymmetric stacked multilevel inverter
Authors: Kasim Mostafa Q. , Hassan Raaed F. 
Published: August 2021

Multilevel inverters (MLI) play an important role in AC applications and are undergoing continuous development in topology and control. In higher levels inverters, conventional MLIs have high components count which calls for modification of these topologies to obtain the same number of levels with fewer components to reduce cost and size. Balancing of the capacitors voltages is crucial for the operation of the MLI and it becomes more challenging in higher levels. This paper presents an active voltage balancing strategy for a reduced switch count five-leve topology which is the asymmetric stacked multilevel inverter (ASMLI). The ASMLI uses fewer components than the conventional MLIs when used in their five-levelconfiguration. The proposed active voltage balancing strategy uses simple measurements and logic to assure a balanced capacitors voltages during steady state and transients. The performance was examined and compared based on two modulation techniques with LCL filter and RL load using MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that the active voltage balancing strategy can trace all capacitors voltages to the reference value simultaneously with less than 1% voltage error, fast dynamic response, and an acceptable total harmonic distortion (THD) which allows the proposed setup to be an available option for medium voltage applications.<br /><div> </div>
A smart management system of electric vehicles charging plans on the highway charging stations
Authors: El-Fedany Ibrahim , Kiouach Driss , Alaoui Rachid 
Published: August 2021

Electric vehicles (EVs) are seen as one of the principal pillars of smart transportation to relieve the airborne pollution induced by fossil CO2 emissions. However, the battery limit, especially where the journey is with a long-distance road remains the most formidable obstacle to the large-scale use of EVs. To overcome the issue of prolonged waiting charging time due to the large number of EVs may have a charging plan at the same charging station (CS) along the highway, we propose a communication system to manage the EVs charging demands. The architecture system contains a smart scheduling algorithm to minimize trip time including waiting time, previous reservations and energyare needed to reach the destination. Moreover, an automatic mechanism for updating reservation is integrated to adjust the EVs charging plans. The results of the evaluation under the Moroccan highway scenario connecting Rabat and Agadir show the effectiveness of our proposal system.<br /><div> </div>
Automated system for monitoring and control of the liquid wax production process
Authors: Díaz-Choque Martín , Dávila-Ignacio Carlos , Sanchez-Ayte Augusto , Morales-Romero Guillermo , Torres-Quiroz Almintor , Alvarado-Bravo Nestor , Aldana-Trejo Florcita 
Published: August 2021

This article describes the design of an automated system for the automatic monitoring and control of the liquid wax production process, in order to quantify its effect on productivity indicators. For which initially the procedure for obtaining the automation will be described; then the results obtained will be presented, the same ones that will be identified through a comparative analysis. During the investigation it was determined that, through the use of a programmable logic controller, it was possible to improve the precision of the dosage of components in the liquid wax production process; By achieving acorrect dosage, it is achieved that the physical-chemical factors that intervene in the quality of the final product, which are the pH and specific density, are within the limits established by the company, this is reflected in the decrease 38.77% of the amount of monthly loss of raw material, thus achieving the optimization of the productivity of the production of liquid wax by 83.69% per month, compared to the non-automated process.<br /><div> </div>
Simultaneous Measurement of Lung Diffusing Capacity and Pulmonary Hemodynamics Reveals Exertional Alveolar‐Capillary Dysfunction in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Fermoyle Caitlin C. , Stewart Glenn M. , Borlaug Barry A. , Johnson Bruce D. 
Published: August 2021

Background

Hemodynamic perturbations in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) may alter the distribution of blood in the lungs, impair gas transfer from the alveoli into the pulmonary capillaries, and reduce lung diffusing capacity. We hypothesized that impairments in lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL
CO
) in HFpEF would be associated with high mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressures during exercise.

Methods and Results

Rebreathe DL
CO
and invasive hemodynamics were measured simultaneously during exercise in patients with exertional dyspnea. Pulmonary pressure waveforms and breath‐by‐breath pulmonary gas exchange were recorded at rest, 20 W, and symptom‐limited maximal exercise. Patients with HFpEF (n=20; 15 women, aged 65±11 years, body mass index 36±8 kg/m
2
) achieved a lower symptom‐limited maximal workload (52±27 W versus 106±42 W) compared with controls with noncardiac dyspnea (n=10; 7 women, aged 55±10 years, body mass index 30±5 kg/m
2
). DL
CO
was lower in patients with HFpEF compared with controls at rest (DL
CO
10.4±2.9 mL/min per mm Hg versus 16.4±6.9 mL/min per mm Hg,
P
<0.01) and symptom‐limited maximal exercise (DL
CO
14.6±4.7 mL/min per mm Hg versus 23.8±10.8 mL/min per mm Hg,
P
<0.01) because of a lower alveolar‐capillary membrane conductance in HFpEF (rest 16.8±6.6 mL/min per mm Hg versus 28.4±11.8 mL/min per mm Hg,
P
<0.01; symptom‐limited maximal exercise 25.0±6.7 mL/min per mm Hg versus 45.5±22.2 mL/min per mm Hg,
P
<0.01). DL
CO
was lower in HFpEF for a given mean pulmonary artery pressure, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, pulmonary arterial compliance, and transpulmonary gradient.

Conclusions

Lung diffusing capacity is lower at rest and during exercise in HFpEF due to impaired gas conductance across the alveolar‐capillary membrane. DL
CO
is impaired for a given pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and pulmonary arterial compliance. These data provide new insight into the complex relationships between hemodynamic perturbations and gas exchange abnormalities in HFpEF.