bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reservoir ecological operation by quantifying outflow disturbance to aquatic community dynamics
Authors: Wang Yibo , Liu Pan , Wu Chen , Li Xiao , An Rihui , Xie Kang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Reservoir operation causes spatiotemporal variations in outflow, which influence the dynamics of downstream aquatic communities. However, empirical evidence of community responses to hydrological alteration remains limited for dam-regulated rivers. This study focused on quantifying the streamflow disturbance to multi-population dynamics in downstream of the China’s Danjiangkou Reservoir. First, the stochastic population dynamics model (PDM) was used to simulate aquatic community dynamics. Then, the flow–ecology relationship was established to identify community response to reservoir outflow. Third, two novel ecological indicators, stable time (ST) and coefficient of variation at stable time (CVST), were proposed to evaluate the resilience and resistance of multi-population systems, respectively. Finally, the reservoir operating rule curves were optimized by considering tradeoffs between socioeconomic and ecological objectives. The coevolution processes of multi-population systems (fish, phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos, and macrophytes) were simulated by stochastic PDMs. The population densities of stable states showed continuous downward trends with increasing degree of hydrological alteration for multi-population systems, and aquatic community systems could be destroyed when alteration reached its acceptable maximum. The greater the degree of hydrological alteration, the longer the recovery time from an unstable to a stable state, and the weaker resistance for each population system. The resilience and resistance of downstream multi-population systems were enhanced by optimizing reservoir outflow. The optimization results illustrated that the performances of the multiple objectives of water supply, hydropower generation, and ST were improved by 2.37%, 2.40%, and 2.67%, respectively, whereas the performance of CVST was the same as the conventional operation. The flow–ecology relationship provided an approach to quantify the impacts of reservoir outflow on an aquatic community, which is helpful in guiding ecological flow strategies.
Multi-criteria decision approach with stakeholders for food waste management
Authors: Abu R , Aziz M A A , Sapuan N , Abdullah T A T , Hassan C H C , Noor Z Z 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The activities related to agri-food production and the disposal of its waste account for a large number of greenhouse gas emissions. In many cases, food waste (FW) management is established by making a single assessment for its sustainability based on economical or environmental impacts. However, social impact assessments on stakeholders are often incomplete or missing, and its efficiency is seldom measured. Decision-making in waste management strategies, such as the acquisition of appropriate waste treatment sites or methods used, frequently involves multiple stakeholders such as government, municipalities, industries, experts, or public sectors. Due to the complication of differing criteria and alternatives in FW management technology, a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology is recommended to certify the quality of the decision-making process. This paper reviews the use of MCDM as decision supporting techniques in modelling and analysing decision making in situations with multiple stakeholders for FW management. The synthesis results obtained through the MCDM tool will be more reliable when requesting confirmation from stakeholders based on a recommended minimum range of criteria for each sustainability dimension in the FW issues. Finally, potential studies in this area have been proposed.
Nutrient digestibility of dairy cows fed with chopped and ensiled elephant grass
Authors: Pratama A , Salundik  , Jayanegara A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Forage scarcity hinders the development of the dairy farm. Developing measures for preserving and optimizing forage supply are among the solutions to cope with this problem. This research aimed to evaluate nutrient digestibility of dairy cows given different forage treatments. The forage used was elephant grass (EG, Pennisetum purpureum) and subjected to four dietary treatments, i.e., intact EG (FW), chopped EG (FC), ensiled EG (SW), and ensiled and chopped EG (SC). Proximate analyses were performed on the respective treatments. The in vivo evaluation was then conducted by feeding the diets to dairy cows with a 4 × 4 Latin square design set (n=4 replications). Each period’s length was 21 days, in which the first 14 days was for feed adaptation, and the last seven days was for collecting data. Results showed that chopping and ensiling treatments improved daily feed consumption. Ensiled EG (SW and SC) resulted significantly (p<0.05) higher in dry matter, organic matter, and crude fat digestibility compared to non ensiled EG (FC and FW). Crude protein digestibility for SC treatment was significantly higher (p<0.05) among all treatments. Crude fiber digestibility for SC treatment was also significantly (P<0.05) higher among all treatments with an exemption of SW. The effectiveness of treatments on feed consumption and nutrient digestibility can be sorted, as follows SC>SW>FW>FC. It can be concluded that combination of chopping and ensiling (SC) proved the best result and thus may be implemented to preserve and optimize forage supply.
Image High Frequency Information Restoration Algorithm Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Ma Liang , Zhou Rongji , Zhang Ke 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In order to effectively recover the high-frequency information of images, this paper proposes a deep neural network based on feature compensation to reconstruct super-resolution images. In this method, intensive deep convolutional neural network and residual network are combined, and the high-frequency information of the original image is extracted separately after up sampling and fused with the reconstructed super-resolution image to form high-frequency feature compensation, which can improve the image quality. Through experimental comparison, the effect of the super resolution image reconstructed by the proposed algorithm is improved by about 1dB compared with that reconstructed by the SRCNN algorithm.
Research on Incentive Choice of Public Order Based on a Survey of Shared Bicycle Parking
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Zhou Yaodong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Taking the shared bicycle parking order as the starting point, a variety of scenarios (daily, hurry, and other people’s violations) and two freeloading psychological incentives (speculation and conformity) are constructed. It is believed that (1) The effect of incentives on individual travelers is limited, and there are certain internal distortions in the two-dimensional effects of norms and travel. (2) Incentives are effective for speculative travelers, while they have no significant effect on herd mentality travelers. Even drive travelers with a strong sense of social norms deviate from normative behavior. (3) Travelers with stronger speculative psychology are more sensitive to the time loss that may be embedded in incentives. (4) The range of available incentives with unique characteristics is different. The applicability of electronic fences is relatively stronger.
Structural analysis of pile-foundation offshore platform
Authors: Yin Qingguo , Zhang Xiaochun , Jiang Xiaobo , Li Haiwei , Yang Ling , Wang Xiaoyan , Dong Yuezhou , Zhu Yan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper takes the pile-foundation platform of Dagang Oilfield in paralic zones as the research object, provides a reference basis for further selection by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of single platform type and multi-platform type. The key structural parameters including platform load calculation, deck bottom elevation determination and ultimate bearing capacity calculation of pressurized piles are analyzed and studied. The specific ideas of pile-foundation platform design are proposed, and the analysis process and important formulas of the methods used in the design are elaborated to give the research results, which has high reference significance for the old platform to extend its service life and the construction of the new platform.
Analysis and Optimization of Saline-alkaline Water Comprehensive Utilization System
Authors: Sun Zhilin , Zhai Chaoqun , Shu Junwei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
On the basis of the previous field experiment and the actual situation in Xinjiang, four saline-alkaline water comprehensive utilization systems are proposed to optimize concentration and desalination process. Based on chemistry, thermodynamics and heat transfer, combined with economic costs and benefits, steam production and entransy are analyzed in this paper, the results show that the comprehensive efficiency of the dual heat source system is better than that of the single heat source system. Two-stage dual heat source system with series and parallel multi pass heat collecting has the best efficiency, but the comprehensive efficiency is similar to that of single-stage dual heat source system. These systems have their own strengths, which provide reference for brine treatment in salinization areas.
Numerical simulation studies of the flow field and pollutant dispersion in the street canyon under different thermal stratifications
Authors: Shi Xuefeng , Guo Dongpeng , Yao Rentai 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper simulates the flow and dispersion in the street canyon under different thermal stratifications using three-dimensional (3-D) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology, and compares the simulated results with the wind-tunnel experiment data reported by Uehara et al. Monin-Obukhov length (L) is used to describe the atmospheric flow under different thermal stratifications. The results show that the effect of thermal stratification on the flow structure and pollutant dispersion within the street canyon is significant. The magnitude of velocity in the middle part of the street canyon is relatively small under different conditions. The intensity of vortex is significantly influenced by thermal stratification. The maximum value of k/U
700
2 appears near the windward corner of the building under different conditions. The high-concentration region appears in the upwind part of the canyon. The normalized concentration on the leeward side is greater than those of windward side within the street canyon under different conditions.
Preparation of Activated Carbon-PVDF Blend Membrane and Its Effect on the Decolorization of Azo Dyes
Authors: Ye Qian , Li Jin , Han Qi , Xu Meilan , Jiang Linyu , Yan Bin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this article, various ratios of activated carbon and amounts of the cross-linking agent were used to prepare mediator functionalized PVDF membrane with N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as the solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as the polymer. The membrane structure was characterized by an electron microscope. Moreover, the influence of the prepared membrane on the decolorization rate of the dye was investigated to optimize the addition amounts of activated carbon and the cross-linking agent. As the addition amount of cross-linking agent in the blend membrane increased, the decolorization effect continuously improved. However, the decolorization rate tended to be stable when the cross-linking agent reached a specific value. The addition of activated carbon significantly accelerated the rate of degradation and decolorization of the microbial system.
Desertification Combating in the Mauritania
Authors: You Yuan , Zhou Jie , Wang Yongdong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Islamic Republic of Mauritania known as “the desert of the Republic”, is located in the Western Sahara, which accounted for 2/3 land area of it, the remaining belongs to the edge of the desert semi-desert areas. With the purpose of survival, people are forced to deforestation destroyed the grass, excessive land reclamation, pasture overload use, which has formed a “deepening poverty and desertification, exacerbated by desertification poverty” vicious circle. The paper summarizes the present situation of Mauritania on combating desertification, two aspects of causes and problems in desertification from natural factors and human factors were analyzed respectively, characteristics and countermeasures arising in a desertification combating. Desertification has seriously threatened the people’s survival and development, which have become the country’s urgent need to face. The Mauritanian government has taken a series of effective measures on combating desertification, and Mauritania active in communication and collaboration with an international community in desertification, and actively serves as an agency in “the pan-African Great Green Wall” Initiative.
Efficient Region Segmentation of PV Module in Infrared Imagery using Segnet
Authors: Xie Ying , Shen Yu , Zhang Kanjian , Zhang Jinxia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As renewable energy, solar energy resources are a major focus. The flaw detection of the PV production system is an important guarantee for the stable operation of the system. Hotspot detection is a key step. It is very important to extract the efficient region in the infrared image of the photovoltaic module in advance to improve the hot spot detection precision. In this paper, we propose an effective region segmentation method for infrared image of photovoltaic module based on SegNet, which greatly improves the calculation efficiency and detection accuracy. We use mask processing to hide the irrelevant background area in the original image and label the image data with labelme software. We trained and validated the model using infrared images of photovoltaic modules captured by the portable infrared imager provided by the electric company, and we assessed the model. This paper is the first attempt to use deep learning technology to solve the engineering problem of effective region segmentation of photovoltaic module infrared image. The experimental results show that the segmentation effect of our proposed methodology is remarkable in practical technical applications.
Revolutionize China’s Auto Market Setup by Chinese EV Brands? Answers from Consumers
Authors: Li Li , Li Yijinghong , Lei Kewen , Li Yue , Luo Yixi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As the foreign and joint venture brands introduced thier electric vehicle (EV) into China, the pattern of China’s EV market changed quietly. Under such circumstance, whether Chinese EV brands can subvert the structure of the Chinese automobile market is a question worth studying. This article uses the discrete choice experiment (DCE) to answer this question from the perspective of consumer preference. We divided the entire EV market into mid-end and high-end EV markets, a binary logit regression model was used to analyze the possibility of consumers’ purchase choice of EVs in different markets depending on the different levels of price, range, energy efficiency, number of super charging stations, service stores and installation of automated driving system. We finally found that compared with the high-end EV market, Chinese domestic EV brands are more competitive in the mid-end market, but even in the mid-end market, Chinese branding EVs are still not as attractive to consumers as joint venture brands. Generally speaking, although Chinese domestic EV brands will cause certain changes in China’s overall automotive market structure, the changes would be very limited. In the future, the Chinese brand EVs should improve its brand-specific charging service levels which can greatly increase thier competitiveness.
Recognition of Autumn Crop Based on Polsar Data and Feature Selection
Authors: T Q Li , J Chen , J Y Liu , Z Lian , J Li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Optical remote sensed images have been intensively used to map global and regional agriculture information. However, few optical images could be collected due to cloud contamination during the crop growth period. Therefore, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images could be used to extract crop distribution since it is capable of acquiring data without regard to bad weather conditions. Although numerous studies have been successfully carried out to highlight the potential of SAR images in crop monitoring, there are still some problems to be solved. The high dimensionality of multi-temporal SAR images remains a major issue, classification using all features is limited to efficiency. In this study, a method of autumn crop recognition based on PolSAR data and feature selection was proposed. Using Radarsat-2 PolSAR images acquired during the autumn crop growing season, the optimal subset of features was obtained by 3 feature selection methods and 15 polarimetric target decomposition methods. With optimal feature subset and train samples, crops and other ground objects were classified by SVM. The classification result was assessed by test samples.
Preparation of Quinone Mediator / Polyvinylidene Fluoride Functionalized Membrane
Authors: Ye Qian , Huang Yinyin , Wang Wenling , Xu Su , Lin Xiongshui , Yan Bin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, the redox mediator accelerated the degradation of dyes and improved the efficiency of dye wastewater treatment by immobilizing quinone mediators on the membrane. Specifically, polyvinylidene fluoride, quinone, and lithium chloride were used as the membrane substrate, redox mediator modifier, and porogen, respectively. By changing the type of quinone, the concentration of quinone, and the concentration of crossing-linker, the effect of quinone mediator-functionalized polyvinylidene fluoride membrane on the decolorization of dye wastewater was investigated. This study has shown that the cross-linking agent could effectively improve the compatibility of the quinone mediator casting solution system, and the increase in the addition amount of quinone mediator increased the decolorization rate of the membrane. The increase of the quinone content could also improve the decolorization effect of the dye. The decolorization rate of the original membrane without adding quinone was only 36%, whereas the decolorization rate of the blend membrane reached 75%, which shows the PVDF film with immobilized quinone mediator exhibited a significant dye degradation effect.
Socio-Economics of Sustainable Built Environment: A Conundrum and Paradox for Developing Countries
Authors: Ali Kumo Hassan , Dalibi S.G. , Inuwa Labaran Usman , Alkali M.A. , Umar Abdullahi M. , Adamu Kabiru , Danja I.I. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sustainable development encompasses all the efforts to balance both the present and future generations’ needs without compromise by making important and wiser decisions. However, achieving such a feat may be less complicated for some developed countries, but it is a dilemma and more complicated for developing countries like Nigeria, whose population is increasing annually. Every population growth comes with its prospects, needs, and challenges. These include the need for investments, economic diversification, and upgrading various industries to compete globally, poverty eradication, creating more employment opportunities, increasing income and wealth to the population and the government. These are often more prioritized than avoiding adverse effects on the environment when infrastructural projects become the medium for such. Hence, this paper was structured to identify, review and discuss the conundrum that leads to paradoxical issues about socio-economics of a sustainable built environment from developing countries with Nigeria as a focal point. A desk research methodology was adopted in the study, and the results show the relationship between socio-economic pressures and targets of developing countries with the SDGs targets for sustainable development within the built environment.
Optimizing Building Orientation for Reduced Cooling Load in Northeast Nigeria’s Residential Architecture
Authors: Alkali M A , Jie Liu , Dalibi S G , Danja I I , Nasir M.H. , Inuwa Labaran Usman , Umar Abdullahi M. , Adamu Kabiru 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Between 1996 and 2005, the domestic sector was responsible for over half (55% -61%) of energy consumption in Nigeria. In addition, electrical energy used for cooling makes a significant contribution to national consumption. In the larger context of climate change and its accompanying adverse effects, it is important for architecture to reduce its global carbon footprint. Developing nations lack sufficient building performance standards, and as a consequence, sustainable building methods are neither pursued nor enforced. Thus, in the absence of high-tech green building practices, this paper seeks to evaluate how simpler passive means of design can be used to reduce cooling energy consumption in Northeast Nigeria’s hot dry climate. DesignBuilder is used to produce different building orientation iterations to evaluate their impact on cooling loads and an ideal building orientation is determined for the region. An optimal orientation of 270° is found to be optimal, as it reduces maximum cooling loads from 11150.95 kwh/yr to 9981.1 kwh/yr, a reduction of energy use of 10.5%.
Sustaining the Sustainable Development in Nigeria’s Built Environment: Determinant Factors
Authors: Inuwa Labaran Usman , Dalibi S.G. , Danja I.I. , Alkali M.A. , Ali Kumo Hassan , Adamu Kabiru , Umar Abdullahi M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sustainable development is means to balance the needs of the present and future generations without compromise. However, achieving such a feat may be less challenging for developed countries, but it is a big challenge and more complicated for developing countries like Nigeria, located in West Africa. Nigeria’s population is about 200million and growing, which comes with its prospects, needs, and challenges such as the need for more infrastructure and industries to reduce poverty and create more employment opportunities. Other challenges include addressing housing shortages, disposal of domestic and industrial wastes, curbing industrial pollutions, providing cleaner and drinking water for domestic purposes, need for more power supply, increased food, material production, and consumptions etc. altogether, they must be within a balanced ecosystem and environmentally sustainable biodiversity within the built environment. This paper assessed and discussed the determinant factors related to sustaining sustainable development in Nigeria to offer more insight into such factors, paving ways of addressing such issues. A sequential mixed methodology was adopted in the study to collect and analyze the data on such factors. The results show that Stakeholders Awareness and Interests; Funding; Policy framework, Infrastructure project planning, and execution; corruption were among the most significant impact factors that sustained Nigeria’s built environment’s sustainable developments. Depending on the project type, such factors can promote or hinder sustainable developments in the built environment based on their levels of impacts.