bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die (neue) Berufskrankheit Nr. 5101: „Schwere oder wiederholt rückfällige Hauterkrankungen“
Authors: Herloch Valeska , Elsner Peter 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungBerufsdermatosen gehören zu den häufigsten Berufskrankheiten (BK), wobei die BK 5101 den größten Anteil ausmacht und in der Vergangenheit die am häufigsten gemeldete Berufskrankheit bei Erwerbstätigen war. Im Jahr 2019 wurden mehr als 80 000 Verdachtsmeldungen auf Berufskrankheiten gestellt, von denen 19 883 auf die BK 5101 entfielen. Das berufsbedingte Handekzem, welches sich vor allem als Kontaktekzem präsentiert, macht 90 % aller BK 5101‐Erkrankungen in Deutschland aus. Insbesondere junge Menschen aus den Berufszweigen Friseurgewerbe, Gesundheitswesen, Metallverarbeitung, Nahrungsmittelgewerbe sowie Baugewerbe zählen zur Risikogruppe. Der Diagnostik, Therapie und Prävention einer BK 5101 kommt eine bedeutende Rolle zu, da fortgeschrittene Hauterkrankungen meist mit einer ungünstigen Prognose und langen Zeiten der Arbeitsunfähigkeit einhergehen sowie erhebliche sozioökonomische Folgen haben können. Am 01. Januar 2021 trat die Novellierung des Berufskrankheitenrechts mit dem „Siebten Gesetz zur Änderung des Vierten Buches Sozialgesetzbuch (SGB) und anderer Gesetze“ in Kraft, welches den über Jahrzehnte für eine Anerkennung der BK 5101 vorausgesetzten Unterlassungszwang abschaffte. Damit verbleiben seit diesem Jahr als Tatbestandsmerkmale für den Eintritt des Versicherungsfalls die „Schwere oder wiederholte Rückfälligkeit“ einer Hauterkrankung, was zu einem deutlichen Anstieg der Anerkennungen und zu weitreichenden Veränderungen in der dermatologischen Versorgung und Begutachtung der Versicherten führen dürfte.
Detection of synovial sepsis in horses using enzymes as biomarkers
Authors: Haralambus Rhea , Florczyk Agnieszka , Sigl Eva , Gültekin Sinan , Vogl Claus , Brandt Sabine , Schnierer Marlies , Gamerith Clemens , Jenner Florien 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundSynovial sepsis is a commonly occurring, potentially career‐ending or even life‐threatening orthopaedic emergency. Diagnosis of synovial sepsis is currently primarily based on synovial fluid analysis, which often leaves diagnostic ambiguity due to overlap of clinicopathological parameters between septic and aseptic inflammatory synovitis.ObjectivesTo evaluate the reliability of lysozyme (LYS), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and elastase (ELT) as biomarkers for synovial sepsis in horses using a photometric assay to measure increased enzyme activity.Study designProspective, single‐blinded, analytical, clinical study.MethodsEquine synovial samples were assigned to one of three groups: (1) healthy controls (n = 10), (2) aseptic (n = 27) and (3) septic synovitis (n = 30). The enzyme activity assays (LYS, MPO and ELT) were compared with standard synovial fluid parameters and broad‐range bacterial 16S rDNA PCR.ResultsLYS and MPO activities were significantly different between septic synovial samples, and both aseptic and control samples (P < .001, LYS: confidence interval [CI]: 2.25‐3.41, resp., 2.21‐3.8, MPO: CI 0.752‐1.6, resp., 0.639‐1.81). LYS achieved a 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity in differentiating between septic and aseptic (cut‐off value 751.4) or control (cut‐off: 484.6) samples (P < .001). MPO reached 93.33% sensitivity, 100% specificity for distinguishing septic from control (cut‐off value: 0.1254) synovial samples and 93.33% sensitivity, 81.48% specificity for discriminating between septic and aseptic (cut‐off value: 0.1305) synovial samples (P < .001). ELT activity could not be measured in any synovial sample. Both the LYS and the MPO measurements showed a highly significant correlation with PCR (LYSr = .79, MPOr = .69), synovial leukocyte count (LYSr = .752, MPOr = .571), % neutrophils (LYSr = .751, MPOr = 0.663) and each other (r = .744, allP < .001).Main limitationsVariation in horses’ signalment, affected synovial structures and synovial fluid freezing times may have affected the discriminative power of this study.ConclusionsIncreased MPO and LYS activities allow reliable, rapid diagnosis of synovial sepsis with high sensitivity and specificity.
The impact of mutual aid on mental health and perceived isolation among the single elderly: An examination of economic status
Authors: Murayama Yoh , Hasebe Masami , Nishi Mariko , Fujiwara Yoshinori 
Published: May 2021

AimThis study aimed to identify patterns in mutual aid relationships between older people living alone and their relatives and neighbors, and to examine the impact of mutual aid relationship patterns on mental health and perceived isolation through the mediating effect of subjective economic status.MethodsWe conducted a survey with 5000 randomly selected adults aged 65 years or older, from the five official senior care service areas of city A in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. Valid responses were received from 3941 participants (78.8%), of whom 436 participants from single‐person households constituted the study sample.ResultsLatent class analysis revealed four types of mutual aid: family; family and intra‐generational neighbors; no mutual aid; and family and multi‐generational neighbors. Regression analysis showed that the interaction effect between family and neighbors' mutual aid and subjective economic status was a significant predictor of depressive symptoms. Simple slope analysis clarified that subjective economic status had a negative effect on depressive symptoms for the non‐family/neighbors group, but not for the family/neighbors group. Furthermore, the interaction term between no mutual aid and subjective economic status was negatively associated with the fear of future isolation. Finally, the significantly negative effect observed was greater for the no mutual aid group than for the non‐no mutual aid group.ConclusionsMutual aid relationships are effective in improving the mental health and decreasing the fear of future isolation of older adults living alone who experience low economic status. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 555–560.
Beyond street‐level procedural justice: Social construction, policy shift, and ethnic disparities in confidence in government institutions
Authors: Kang Inkyu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPunishment‐oriented policy can undermine confidence in government institutions among those who collectively share unfavorable social constructions of the policy's target group, even without having personally experienced negative bureaucratic encounters. As an empirical test, this study investigates the effect of the passage of Arizona S.B. 1070 and copycat immigration enforcement laws in five additional states on confidence in the local police. Using multi‐year survey data from the Pew Research Center, the difference‐in‐differences analyses demonstrate that these laws had a substantially more negative influence on confidence in police effectiveness and police use of force among Hispanics/Latinos compared with the rest of society. Given that the implementation of these laws were delayed and ultimately either blocked or restricted by the courts, the findings suggest that ethnic minorities' skepticism toward government institutions may be due not only to poor street‐level procedural justice, but also to the unfavorable social constructions embodied in high‐profile policy shifts.
Acute gastric mucosal lesions caused by acute infection of non‐HelicobacterpyloriHelicobacter: a case report
Authors: Tsukadaira Toshihisa , Hayashi Seiichi , Ota Hiroyoshi , Kobayashi Natsuko , Sekiguchi Yasuhiro , Kodaira Himiko , Matsumoto Takehisa , Horiuchi Kazuki , Negishi Tatsuya , Kurahashi Mari 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundNon‐Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) is not widely recognized as a cause of acute gastric mucosal lesions (AGML), as only a few cases of AGML caused by NHPH have been reported. We present here one case and examine the species and eradication of NHPH together with the three previously reported cases.Case presentationA 52‐year‐old woman presented with a two‐day history of severe epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed mucosal edema, multiple erosions, and ulcerations in the antrum. Biopsy specimens taken from the antrum revealed long spiral‐shaped organisms, suggesting NHPH. As both serum anti‐Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibody and H. pylori stool antigen test were negative, this case was diagnosed as AGML caused by NHPH. After the administration of esomeprazole 20 mg for 14 days and the interval of the following 12 days, AGML was deemed to have been cured endoscopically. In addition, microscopic examination and PCR analysis confirmed the success of NHPH eradication.ConclusionsNHPH should be considered a probable cause of AGML in cases that are not attributed to the other causes already recognized. Taking probability of spontaneous eradication into consideration, it is appropriate to start eradication therapy after confirming the chronicity of NHPH infection.
Energy value and bioactive proteins of inulin‐enriched tofu produced by hydrothermal process with chymosin‐pepsin rennet
Authors: Stanojevic Sladjana P. , Barać Miroljub B. , Pešić Mirjana B. , Vucelic‐Radovic Biljana V. 
Published: May 2021

SummaryNutritional properties of inulin‐enriched tofu obtained after hydrothermal cooking of soymilk, using chymosin‐pepsin rennet and inulin as a functional ingredient, were assessed. This procedure significantly differs from the traditional one. The residual activity (rTIA) of trypsin inhibitors (TIs) and lectins, content of proteins, carbohydrates, fats and their energy values (EV) were suitable for human nutrition. Inulin‐enriched tofu was characterised with low rTIA (3.08–5.71%) and TIs content of 3.62–18.99%. Content of Kunitz and Bowman‐Birk TIs as well as total TIs content (r = 0.98) in tofu were strongly correlated with tofu protein content. Content of Bowman‐Birk polymeric forms (3.11–5.36%) was higher than Bowman‐Birk monomeric forms (0.51–2.31%) in inulin‐enriched tofu. Low urease activity (0.60–1.78%) indicated that soybean was heated adequately to inactivate TIs. Increasing content of inulin did not increase tofu EV (˜18 kJ per g tofu). The proximate composition of inulin‐enriched tofu, advantageous rTIA and a very low EV qualifies this product for human nutrition.
Changes induced by high hydrostatic pressure in acidified and non‐acidified milk during Oaxaca cheese production
Authors: Escobedo‐Avellaneda Zamantha , Espiricueta‐Candelaria R. Selene , Calvo‐Segura Samantha , Welti‐Chanes Jorge , Chuck‐Hernández Cristina 
Published: May 2021

SummaryOaxaca cheese, produced using the pasta filata method, is a very popular Mexican dairy products. In this work, the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and the acidification process before and after HHP treatment of raw cow milk was studied at different pressure levels (150, 300 and 500 MPa) and holding times (10 and 30 min). Clotting time, proximal composition, microstructure, secondary protein structure and electrophoretic profile were evaluated. HHP did not influence clotting time in samples acidified before HHP, but it appears to have a positive effect at lower pressure treatments on non‐acidified milk. Moisture, protein and fat were similar in cheeses treated at most HHP conditions regardless of the acidification. HHP did not influence the microstructure of cheese and the secondary structure of proteins. The use of HHP during the manufacture of Oaxaca cheese allowed preserving quality parameters evaluated without advantages in processing time and the product's proximal composition.
Seed composition of non‐industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) varieties from four regions in northern Morocco
Authors: Taaifi Yassine , Benmoumen Abdessamad , Belhaj Kamal , Aazza Smail , Abid Malika , Azeroual Embarek , Elamrani Ahmed , Mansouri Farid , Serghini Caid Hana 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThis study aims to determine the chemical composition of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds of two varieties cultivated in four different regions of northern Morocco. The content of protein, insoluble fibre, ash, total phenols and flavonoids was found to be 19.25%–24.18%, 26.40%–37.40%, 3.72%–5.39%, 134.57–199.90 mg 100g−1 and 39.40–69.54 mg 100g−1 respectively. Oil contents ranged from 26.42 to 35.19 g 100 g−1 of seeds in the four collection sites with variable oxidative stability at 100°C from 9.73 to 15.42 h. Total tocopherol content was between 376.46 and 796.06 mg kg−1 of oil, with a dominance of γ‐tocopherol. Fatty acids consisted mainly of unsaturated fatty acids (87.30‐88.96%) with a predominance of linoleic acid (48.26%–55.39%). Triacylglycerols (TAGs) composition analysis revealed the presence of 18 TAGs with an equivalent carbon number of 38–48. The composition of TAGs was predominated by LLL (14.34%–22.62%), OLL (12.77%–18.78%) and LLLn (12.32%–18.59%). Furthermore, the majority of the evaluated parameters were strongly influenced by the varietal factor, growing area and their interaction. The knowledge of this composition variability in seeds of non‐industrial Cannabis sativa varieties cultivated in northern Morocco could be useful in new Cannabis variety breeding programmes potentially valuable as non‐conventional oil in cosmetic and agro‐industry.
The effect of cryo‐grinding and size separation on bioactive profile of buckwheat hulls
Authors: Radoš Kristina , Čukelj Mustač Nikolina , Drakula Saša , Novotni Dubravka , Benković Maja , Kraljić Klara , Štifter Sanja , Voučko Bojana , Ćurić Duška 
Published: May 2021

SummaryBuckwheat hulls (BWH) are a lignocellulosic material with valuable nutrient contents, especially rutin and dietary fibre, which are worth exploring from a food industry perspective. BWH are also a voluminous material that is difficult to grind to very fine particle sizes, which can be achieved under cryogenic conditions. Therefore, we investigated the effect of fractionation by cryo‐grinding and size separation (<56, 56–180 and >180 µm) on the dietary fibre content and bioactive profile of BWH. While we hypothesised that micronisation would increase fibre solubility and release of bioactive compounds, we found that BWH must be fractionated to a size <56 µm to show a significant increase in soluble fibre content (106%), rutin (66%), total free phenolic compounds (94%) and antioxidant capacity (45–63%). Moreover, we have shown that near‐infrared spectroscopy combined with partial least squares regression can be easily used for rapid scanning of BWH to select the most suitable pre‐processing conditions for maximum nutritional value of this food industry by‐product.
The radical and requisite openness of viable systems: Implications for healthcare strategy and practice
Authors: Borghmans Felice 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses an ontological question about the nature of health and challenges some underpinning assumptions in western healthcare. In its analysis, health in its various statuses, is framed as a naturally occurring complex adaptive system made up of dynamically interacting subsystems that include the physiological, psychological, and social realms. Furthermore, openness in complex systems such as health, is necessary for the exchange of energy, information, and resources. Yet, within healthcare much effort is invested in constraining systems' behaviours, whether they be systems of knowledge, health, healthcare, and more. This paper draws on the complexity sciences and Levinasian philosophy to explicate the essential role of system openness in individual, population, and systemic viability. It highlights holism to be “not whole‐ism”, and system openness to be, not just a reality, but a critical feature of viability. Hence requisite openness is advocated as essential to efficacious and ethical healthcare practice and strategy, and vital for health.
Multi‐Dimensional Aesthetic Scan Assessment (MD ASA™): Initial experience with a novel consultation, facial assessment, and treatment planning tool
Authors: de Maio Mauricio , Chatrath Vandana , Hart Sarah , Hoo Anna Jen Shi , Marchac Alexandre , Sykianakis Dimitris , Lee Izzy Lung I. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundComprehensive patient assessment and planning are central to esthetic treatment with injectables. MD ASA™ (Multi‐Dimensional Aesthetic Scan Assessment) is a novel tool developed for this purpose.AimsTo describe the MD ASA technique and present its preliminary application.MethodsMD ASA breaks down the face into five hierarchies (H1–H5). H1 shifts patients’ focus from “distractions” (individual lines and folds) toward the overall messages their face portrays, based on eight Emotional Attributes: four negative (tired, sad, angry, and saggy); four positive (youthful, attractive, contoured, and feminine/masculine). Three priority Emotional Attributes are selected for each patient. This is followed by a process of narrowing down through facial thirds (H2), periorbital and perioral dynamics (H3), facial units (H4), and subunits (H5), to arrive at a final assessment. Based on the key facial signs identified, this can be translated into MD Codes equations and thus a treatment formula. A retrospective analysis was performed based on 12 female patients injected by expert clinicians at an educational event. All patients were selected for, and treated using, a single MD Codes formula derived from a common MD ASA work‐up.ResultsThere were substantial differences between patients and clinicians in their views of which anatomical areas needed treatment—but good alignment on priority Emotional Attributes. Patients were treated only for three negative Emotional Attributes, but improvements were observed across all eight attributes.ConclusionsMD ASA provides a practical method for translating facial messages into actionable injectable treatment plans and facilitates greater patient‐clinician alignment. Prospective studies are warranted.
Dimensional analysis of the upper airway in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome patients treated with mandibular advancement device: A bi‐ and three‐dimensional evaluation
Authors: Marco‐Pitarch Rocío , García‐Selva Marina , Plaza‐Espín Andrés , Puertas‐Cuesta Javier , Agustín‐Panadero Rubén , Fernández‐Julián Enrique , Marco‐Algarra Jaime , Fons‐Font Antonio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe efficiency of the mandibular advancement device (MAD) in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) has been demonstrated. Nevertheless, the behaviour of the upper airway once MAD is placed and titrated, and its correlation with the apnoea‐hypopnoea index (AHI) is still under discussion.ObjectivesTo analyse the morphological changes of the upper airway through a bi‐ and three‐dimensional study and correlate it with the polysomnographic variable, AHI.MethodsPatients were recruited from two different hospitals for the treatment of OSAS with a custom‐made MAD. A cone‐beam computer tomography and a polysomnography were performed at baseline and once the MAD was titrated.ResultsA total of 41 patients completed the study. Treatment with MAD reduced the AHI from 22.5 ± 16.8 to 9.2 ± 11.6 (p ≤ .05). There was a significant increase of the total airway volume with MAD from 21.83 ± 7.05 cm3 to 24.19 ± 8.19 cm3, at the expense of the oropharynx. Moreover, the correlation between the improvement of the AHI and the augmentation of the volume of the upper airway was not statistically significant.ConclusionsThe oral device used in this prospective study increased the mean upper pharyngeal airway volume and significantly reduced the AHI. Future studies that measure the muscular tone are needed to completely understand the association between the AHI and the physiological and anatomical response of the upper airway.
Language and climate justice: A research agenda
Authors: Fine Julia C. , Love‐Nichols Jessica 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn response to the worsening crisis of climate change, researchers across the social sciences are increasingly seeking to understand and enact climate justice. In this Journal of Sociolinguistics Dialog, we suggest that sociolinguists have the opportunity—and the urgent responsibility—to contribute to this work. Julia Coombs Fine and Jessica Love‐Nichols begin the Dialog by addressing the questions, “Why is sociolinguistics relevant to climate justice”? and “Why is climate justice relevant to sociolinguistics”? In light of links between environmental degradation and climate change, Rosalie Edmonds’ and Jessica Pouchet's commentaries address climate justice through critical perspectives on the sociopolitical organization of wildlife and forest conservation. Highlighting the role of national epics in promoting or hindering climate justice, Diego Forte argues that gendered and colonial Argentinian identities underlie a carnist ideology that impedes substantive efforts toward sustainability. Bernard Perley provides a perspective on climate justice and Indigenous linguistics, calling attention to the power of Indigenous languages to decolonize the search for climate justice and provide a reimagination of hope during traumatic times. In closing, we emphasize the importance of critical and community‐engaged work on language and climate justice, and highlight the need for coalitions of research and action.
Understanding support for tough‐on‐crime policies in Latin America: The cases of Mexico, El Salvador, and Honduras
Authors: Rosen Jonathan D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article examines tough‐on‐crime strategies in El Salvador, Honduras, and Mexico. These three countries have been plagued by gangs and organized crime‐related violence. Scholars have written about the consequences of iron fist strategies, which have resulted in increasing levels of violence. This article seeks to fill a gap in the scholarly literature by examining what factors influence perceptions about tough‐on‐crime strategies, using survey data in the cases of Mexico, El Salvador, and Honduras. The article finds that fear is a key factor that influences support formano durapolicies.