bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intersectionality and fatherhood: Theorizing non‐hegemonic fatherhoods
Authors: Strier Roni , Perez‐Vaisvidovsky Nadav 
Published: April 2021

AbstractContemporary research on fatherhood describes fatherhood as a multifaceted, dynamic social, and cultural construction, deeply affected by class, race, and gender inequalities. However, critics claim that dominant theories on fatherhood have been mostly elaborated based on middle‐class, Anglo‐centered, dominant, and mainstream fatherhood, whereas non‐hegemonic, marginalized father groups have remained undertheorized. This article echoes this shortfall and proposes to theorize non‐hegemonic fatherhood through a more inclusive theoretical framework capable of describing the social contexts that shape fathers' identities, behaviors, and cultures. Based on intersectional theories, the article argues for a theoretical revision of the ways in which these groups of non‐hegemonic fathers are represented in research. To illustrate this, we provide some examples of studies based on case studies of marginalized fathers in Israel. Israel is rich ground for such research since it is characterized by traditional models of fatherhood, expressed through hegemonic models of masculinity, as well as normative family models in the context of high levels of ethnic and class inequality.
Sex‐specific alterations in NAD+ metabolism in 3xTg Alzheimer’s disease mouse brain assessed by quantitative targeted LC‐MS
Authors: van der Velpen Vera , Rosenberg Nadia , Maillard Vanille , Teav Tony , Chatton Jean‐Yves , Gallart‐Ayala Hector , Ivanisevic Julijana 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLevels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) are known to decline with age and have been associated with impaired mitochondrial function leading to neurodegeneration, a key facet of Alzheimer's disease (AD). NAD+synthesis is sustained via tryptophan‐kynurenine (Trp‐Kyn) pathway as de novo synthesis route, and salvage pathways dependent on the availability of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. While being currently investigated as a multifactorial disease with a strong metabolic component, AD remains without curative treatment and important sex differences were reported in relation to disease onset and progression. The aim of this study was to reveal the potential deregulation of NAD+metabolism in AD with the direct analysis of NAD+precursors in the mouse brain tissue (wild type (WT) versus triple transgenic (3xTg) AD), using a sex‐balanced design. To this end, we developed a quantitative liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method, which allowed for the measurement of the full spectrum of NAD+precursors and intermediates in all three pathways. In brain tissue of mice with developed AD symptoms, a decrease in kynurenine (Kyn) versus increase in kynurenic acid (KA) levels were observed in both sexes with a significantly higher increment of KA in males. These alterations in Trp‐Kyn pathway might be a consequence of neuroinflammation and a compensatory production of neuroprotective kynurenic acid. In the NAD+ salvage pathway, significantly lower levels of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) were measured in the AD brain of males and females. Depletion of NMN implies the deregulation of salvage pathway critical for maintaining optimal NAD+ levels and mitochondrial and neuronal function.
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Factors associated with time to first analgesic medication in the emergency department
Authors: Hughes James A. , Alexander Kimberly E. , Spencer Lyndall , Yates Patsy 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAim and ObjectiveTo examine the factors associated with time to first analgesic medication in the emergency department.BackgroundPain is the most common symptom presenting to the emergency department, and the time taken to deliver analgesic medication is a common outcome measure. Factors associated with time to first analgesic medication are likely to be multifaceted, but currently poorly described.DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsCox proportional hazards regression modelling was undertaken to evaluate the associations between person, environment, health and illness variables within Symptom Management Theory and time to first analgesic medication in a sample of adult patients presenting with moderate‐to‐severe pain to an emergency department over twelve months. This study was completed in line with the STROBE statement.Results383 patients were included in the study, 290 (75.92%) of these patients received an analgesic medication in a median time of 45 minutes (interquartile range, 70 minutes). A model containing nine explanatory variables associated with time to first analgesic medication was identified. These nine variables (employment status, discharge location, triage score, Charlson score, arrival pain score, socio‐economic status, first location, daily total treatment time and patient time to be seen) represent all of the domains of the Symptom Management Theory.ConclusionsPerson, environment, health and illness factors are associated with the time taken to deliver analgesic medication to those in pain in the emergency department. This study demonstrates the complexity of factors associated with pain care and the applicability of Symptom Management Theory to pain care in the emergency department.Relevance to Clinical PracticeIdentifying a model of factors that are associated with the time in which the most common symptom presenting to the emergency department is treated allows for targeted interventions to groups likely to receive poor care and a framework for its evaluation.
Cluster analysis of self‐concept and job satisfaction in Chinese nurses with master’s degree to identify their turnover intention: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Li Xiaodan , Guo Yue , Zhao Tiyu , Zhang Shiyi , Yue Xiao , Liu Yang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study aimed to implement cluster analysis of self‐concept and job satisfaction to identify subgroups in nurses with master's degree and explore the associations of turnover intention with characteristics among these clusters.DesignA cross‐sectional study adhering to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).MethodsA convenience sample of 408 nurses with master's degree in China filled out the survey from 19 November 2019 to 30 December 2019. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Nurses’ Self‐Concept Questionnaire (NSCQ), Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS) and Turnover Intention Questionnaire (TIQ) were adopted to collect the data. K‐means cluster analysis was implemented on the R software, and data were analysed using SPSS 24.0.ResultsThree subgroups were identified based on cluster analysis of NSCQ and JSS subscales in 405 nurses (99.3%) available for statistical analysis, among whom 30.9%, 17% and 48.1% were allocated to these clusters respectively. Turnover intention significantly differed among the three clusters, with cluster 2 having the highest turnover intention and cluster 1 having the lowest turnover intention. Working department, position, professional title, clinical nurse specialist and annual income were factors differentiating TIQ scores in each cluster.ConclusionsThis study identified three clusters of nurses with master's degree and showed that each cluster was associated with the level of turnover intention. The unique characteristics of the three clusters may be also helpful in identifying and providing specific managerial or social support to reduce turnover rates in nurses with master's degree.Relevance to clinical practiceCluster analysis is s an unsupervised machine learning method to identify meaningful subgroups within heterogeneous population based on variables distributions and patterns underlying in the data set. Through clustering, nurses with multi‐dimensional characteristics could be allocated into subgroups associated with turnover intention. As a result, nursing managers could provide approaches for each subgroup to reduce turnover intention.
Hospital and home care nurses’ experiences and perceptions regarding nutritional care for older adults to prevent and treat malnutrition: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: ten Cate Debbie , Schoonhoven Lisette , Huisman – de Waal Getty , Schuurmans Marieke J. , Ettema Roelof G. A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo gain insight into the experiences and perceptions of hospital and home care nurses regarding nutritional care for older adults to prevent and treat malnutrition.BackgroundIn‐depth knowledge about hospital and home care nurses’ experiences and perceptions can contribute to optimise nutritional care for older adults across the care continuum between hospital and home to prevent and treat malnutrition.DesignMulticentre cross‐sectional descriptive study.MethodA validated questionnaire addressing malnutrition was used. A total of 1,135 questionnaires were sent to hospital and home care nurses. The STROBE statement was followed for reporting.ResultsThe response rate was 49% (n = 556). Of all the nurses, 37% perceived the prevalence of malnutrition among their care recipients between 10% and 25%. Almost 22% of the nurses neither agreed nor disagreed or disagreed with the statement that prevention of malnutrition is possible. More than 28% of the nurses reported that malnutrition is a small or no problem. Over 95% of the hospital nurses and 52.5% of the home care nurses stated they screened routinely for malnutrition. The nurses considered several interventions for treating malnutrition important. Over 81% of the nurses indicated they wanted to follow further training.ConclusionMost hospital and home care nurses perceived that nutritional care for older adults to prevent and treat malnutrition was important. A fair group of nurses, however, had the opposite perception.Relevance to clinical practiceRaising the awareness of all hospital and home care nurses about the importance of nutritional care for older adults is pivotal to increase the chance of successfully providing nursing nutritional care. Nurses should follow training for consolidation of nutritional care. Nurses are well‐positioned to take a leadership role to improve continuity and quality of nutritional care across the care continuum between hospital and home.
Life with a stoma—coping with daily life: Experiences from focus group interviews
Authors: Petersén Charlotta , Carlsson Eva 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo describe patients’ experiences of coping with daily life practically and emotionally during the first years after stoma surgery.BackgroundFor people with a stoma, a new life awaits with altered bowel function and body image. This means a profound change in a person's life.DesignA qualitative descriptive design using focus group interviews to gain an understanding of patients’ experiences of coping with daily life. This study followed the COREQ checklist for reporting qualitative research.MethodSix focus groups including 21 patients with a stoma experience of 1–3 years. Mean age was 65 (23–79) and comprised 9 men and 12 women. Thirteen participants had a colostomy, 8 had an ileostomy. The interviews were analysed with a qualitative content analysis.ResultsPatients lived with uncertainty due to lost control over bowel function and did not feel comfortable with the new body. They had adjusted to the new life with a positive impact, by changing their attitude, enabling a social‐ and working life and tried to take control over the situation. Patients with a temporary stoma put life on hold.ConclusionPatients with a stoma lived with uncertainty, not trusting their body like before. They strived to regain control of their lives according to their own resources and conditions and with support from healthcare professionals. Interacting with others in similar situations and exchanging experiences, in demanding areas such as body image, sexuality and social activities could support patients in coping with their new life with a stoma.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings can help stoma care nurses and healthcare professionals plan themed lectures and group discussions for patients regarding coping with areas that are especially demanding. A themed evening would give patients the chance to share and exchange experiences and receive affirmation from others in the same situation.
Sugar content and nutrient content claims of growing‐up milks in Indonesia
Authors: Pries Alissa M. , Mulder Anzélle , Badham Jane , Sweet Lara , Yuen Katelyn , Zehner Elizabeth 
Published: April 2021

Abstract‘Growing‐up milks’ (GUMs)—breast‐milk substitutes targeted for young children (aged 12–36 months)—are commonly consumed in Indonesia. The World Health Assembly has stated that GUMs are not necessary for proper growth and development, and recently, the American Academy of Pediatrics declared that such products are not recommended for young children due to their common use of sweeteners. To contribute to the evidence base on the composition of GUMs and their appropriateness for young child diets, this cross‐sectional study documented the declared sugar content and presence of nutrient content claims of 99 GUMs newly launched in Indonesia between January 2017 and May 2019. Sugar content was evaluated against the draft 2018 Codex Alimentarius Standard for Follow‐Up Formula guidance on sugar content and the United Kingdom Food Standard Agency's front‐of‐pack (UK FSA FOP) colour coding system for sugar. Almost all (97%) GUMs contained one or more added sugars. None of the products were fully compliant with all three sugar content recommendations in the draft Codex standard. Seventy‐one per cent of GUMs were determined to have high sugar content according to the UK FSA FOP system. Nutrient content claims were found on 97% of GUMs. Median total sugar content was 7.3 g per 100 ml, similar to sugar content levels in sugar‐sweetened beverages. Many GUMs available in Indonesia claim to offer nutritional benefits; however, the current levels of sugar content in GUMs are a serious concern and are inappropriate for inclusion in the diets of young children.
Attitudes and experiences of employed women when combining exclusive breastfeeding and work: A qualitative study among office workers in Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebrekidan Kahsu , Plummer Virginia , Fooladi Ensieh , Hall Helen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEvidence from different countries shows that the level of support given to mothers who return to paid employment can significantly determine the duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). However, little is known about how returning to work impacts Ethiopian women's EBF practice. The aim of this study was to explore women's attitudes and experiences of EBF when they returned to work. Mothers who had an infant of less than 12 months, working in government institutions in Tigray region, Ethiopia, were invited to participate in this study. Semi‐structured, face‐to‐face interviews were used to explore mothers' perspectives of the factors that influenced EBF when they returned to work. The interview data were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Twenty mothers were interviewed from 10 organizations. Three themes were identified from their accounts: mother's knowledge, attitudes and practice towards breastfeeding; workplace context and employment conditions; and support received at home. Most participants were familiar with the benefits of EBF. Most participants reported that their colleagues had more positive attitudes towards breastfeeding than their managers. In almost all the workplaces, there was no specific designated breastfeeding space. Participants reported that close family members including husbands and mothers were supportive. Mothers' knowledge and attitude towards breastfeeding, workplace and employment conditions and support received at home were found to be the main factors determining the duration of EBF among employed women. Participants reported that the overall support given to breastfeeding women from their employers was insufficient to promote EBF.
Endoscopic Surgery for Delayed Wound Healing After Achilles Tendon Suture Repair: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Yang Yu‐ping , Chen Hong‐yu , Cui Guo‐qing , Xiu Xiao‐lei , Liu Xiao‐peng , An Hua , Ao Ying‐fang 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundDelayed wound healing is a potention complication after Achilles tendon suture repair and occurs for various reasons. The conventional treatment for delayed wound healing is open surgery, but patients face long recovery times and postoperative care is difficult.Case PresentationThis report presents three patients who were seen at our institute from April 2008 to October 2017 due to long‐term non‐healing wounds after surgery. All three patients had undergone surgery at least 2 months previously. We performed endoscopic surgery on these patients. After the operation, patients received less antibiotics and simpler care than would be required for conventional open surgery. There is no need to keep the wound open after the operation or perform wound cleaning for multiple times at the same time, which can reduce healing time. At the last follow up, all postoperative scores among the patients were significantly improved compared to before surgery. The Achilles tendon total rupture scores were excellent and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society scores were satisfactory, indicating improvements in Achilles tendon function and movement in patients after surgery.ConclusionOur case reports demonstrate that arthroscopic treatment for delayed wound healing after Achilles tendon suture repair is satisfactory and reliable; frequent opening of the wound for cleaning is not required after the operation, thus reducing the healing time.
Clinical symptoms of limited exercise capacity linked to AAI‐DDD functionality: An in silico and in vivo approach
Authors: Heggermont Ward , Iliodromitis Konstantinos , Van Bockstal Koen , Backers Jos , Lau Chirik‐Wah , Missiaen Dieter , De Cooman Jan , Timmermans Willy , Geelen Peter , De Potter Tom 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundExercise capacity is an important aspect of quality of life in patients undergoing pacemaker implantation. Device algorithms for ventricular pacing avoidance have been developed to avoid unnecessary and potentially harmful effects of right ventricular pacing. However, little data exists on the immediate response of these algorithms to sudden AV block during exercise.MethodsThe ventricular pacing avoidance algorithms of four pacemaker manufacturers were tested in an ex‐vivo model. The RSIM‐1500‐USB Device‐Interactive Heart Simulator (Rivertek Medical Systems, Inc.) was used to simulate three different scenarios: the first one starting with an initially conducted atrial pacing rate of 60 min−1, the second one starting with an atrial rate of 120 min−1 and finally a scenario starting with an atrial rate of 150 min−1. In all three scenarios, the initially conducted atrial rate was followed by a sudden, long lasting episode of third‐degree AV‐block. The response to those scenarios was recorded for each of the (brand‐specific) ventricular pacing avoidance algorithms.ResultsIn the first scenario, the simulation resulted in a ventricular pause of 1333 ms (Boston Scientific), 2000 ms (Medtronic and Microport), and 2340 ms (Biotronik). In the second and third scenario, different results were observed across devices. All simulations of the second and third scenario resulted in repetitive 2:1 block response (during eight cycles) in Boston Scientific and Biotronik devices. These scenarios were confirmed in patient cases.ConclusionSimulator based observations of unanticipated pacemaker‐induced 2:1 block response during exercise may explain clinical symptoms experienced by some patients having a two‐chamber pacemaker.
Has the double burden of malnutrition reached pupils in rural western Kenya?
Authors: Takeuchi Rie , Njomo Doris W , Njenga Sammy M , Tomokawa Sachi , Mutua Alex , Kazama Haruki , Walema Barnett , Akiyama Takeshi , Asakura Takashi , Kamiya Yasuhiko , Kobayashi Jun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundUndernutrition and overnutrition have been considered separate challenges caused by the distinct factors in distinct settings. The double burden of malnutrition is defined as the coexistence of both undernutrition and overnutrition, which has now spread globally, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries. In Kenya, the double burden of malnutrition is present in the capital city but the situation in rural areas currently remains unknown. The aim of this study was therefore to analyze nutritional status in rural Kenya.MethodsData from height and weight measurements conducted by teachers in the third term of school year 2013 were collected from primary schools. Teachers were trained by experts before starting the measurements. The Z‐scores of height‐for‐age, weight‐for‐age, and body mass index‐for‐age were calculated using AnthroPlus, and nutritional status was defined according to the World Health Organization guidelines.ResultsData analyzed from 7,447 pupils (3,763 boys and 3,684 girls) showed that 12.4% were stunted and 7.8% were underweight among those ≤120 months old, and 11.7% were thin among those >120 months old. Boys were more likely to be stunted than girls. Boys were more likely to be underweight and girls were more likely to be overweight in the older age group.ConclusionThe double burden of malnutrition was not found, and undernutrition was still common among schoolchildren in the study area. However, it is important to monitor nutritional status due to adverse effects of rapid urbanization. Height and weight measurements in schools may be useful for monitoring the nutritional status of schoolchildren.
Comprehensive RNAseq analysis for identification of genes expressed under heat stress in lentil
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Gupta Debjyoti Sen , Kesari Ravi , Verma Renu , Murugesan Senthilkumar , Basu Partha Sarathi , Soren Khela Ram , Gupta Sanjeev , Singh Narendra Pratap 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLentils are highly sensitive to abrupt increases in temperature during the mid to late reproductive stages, leading to severe biomass and seed yield reduction. Therefore, we carried out an RNAseq analysis between IG4258 (heat tolerant) and IG3973 (heat sensitive) lentil genotypes at the reproductive stage under both normal and heat stress conditions in the field. It resulted in 209,549 assembled transcripts and among these 161,809 transcripts had coding regions, of which 94,437 transcripts were annotated. The differential gene expression analysis showed upregulation of 678 transcripts and downregulation of 680 transcripts between the tolerant and sensitive genotypes at the early reproductive stage. While 76 transcripts were upregulated and 47 transcripts were downregulated at the late reproductive stage under heat stress conditions. The validation of 12 up‐or downregulated transcripts through RT‐PCR corresponded well with the expression analysis data of RNAseq, with a correlation of R2 = 0.89. Among these transcripts, the DN364_c1_g1_i9 and DN2218_c0_g1_i5 transcripts encoded enzymes involved in the tryptophan pathway, indicating that tryptophan biosynthesis plays a role under heat stress in lentil. Moreover, KEGG pathways enrichment analysis identified transcripts associated with genes encoding proteins/regulating factors related to different metabolic pathways including signal transduction, fatty acid biosynthesis, rRNA processing, ribosome biogenesis, gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis, and riboflavin biosynthesis. This analysis also identified 6852 genic‐SSRs leading to the development of 4968 SSR primers that are potential genomic resources for molecular mapping of heat‐tolerant genes in lentil.