bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of tides on the orbital evolution of the redback system PSR 1723–2837
Authors: Novarino M L , Echeveste M , Benvenuto O G , De Vito M A , Ferrero G A 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The standard model of stellar evolution in close binary systems assumes that during mass transfer episodes, the system is in a synchronized and circularized state. Remarkably, the redback system PSR J1723–2837 has an orbital period derivative $\dot{P}_{\rm orb}$ too large to be explained by this model. Motivated by this fact, we investigate the action of tidal forces in between two consecutive mass transfer episodes for a system under irradiation feedback, which is a plausible progenitor for PSR J1723–2837. We base our analysis on Hut’s treatment of equilibrium tidal evolution, generalized by considering the donor as a two layers object that may not rotate as a rigid body. We also analyse three different relations for the viscosity with the tidal forcing frequency. We found that the large value measured for $\dot{P}_{\rm orb}$ can be reached by systems where the donor star rotates slower (by few per cent) than the orbit just after mass transfer episodes. Van Staden & Antoniadis have observed this object and reported a lack of synchronism, opposite to that required by the Hut’s theory to account for the observed $\dot{P}_{\rm orb}$. Motivated by this discrepancy, we analyse photometric data obtained by the spacecraft Kepler second mission K2, with the purpose of identifying the periods present in PSR J1723–2837. We notice several periods close to those of the orbit and the rotation. The obtained periods pattern reveals the presence of a more complex phenomenology, which would not be well described in the frame of the weak friction model of equilibrium tides.
Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves: effect of microlens population in lensing galaxies
Authors: Mishra Anuj , Meena Ashish Kumar , More Anupreeta , Bose Sukanta , Bagla Jasjeet Singh 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
With increasing sensitivities of the current ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors, the prospects of detecting a strongly lensed GW signal are going to be high in the coming years. When such a signal passes through an intervening lensing galaxy or galaxy cluster, the embedded stellar mass microlenses lead to interference patterns in the signal that may leave observable signatures. In this work, we present an extensive study of these wave effects in the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory/Virgo frequency band (10–104 Hz) due to the presence of the microlens population in galaxy scale lenses for the first time. We consider a wide range of strong lensing (macro) magnifications and the corresponding surface microlens densities found in lensing galaxies and use them to generate realizations of the amplification factor. The methodologies for simulating amplification curves for both types of images (minima and saddle points) are also discussed. We then study how microlensing is broadly affected by the parameters like macro-magnifications, stellar densities, the initial mass function, types of images, and microlens distribution around the source. In general, with increasing macro-magnification values, the effects of microlensing become increasingly significant regardless of other parameters. Mismatch analysis between the lensed and the unlensed GW waveforms from chirping binaries suggests that, while inferring the source parameters, microlensing cannot be neglected for macro-magnification ≳15. Furthermore, for extremely high macro-magnifications ≳100, the mismatch can even exceed $5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, which can result in both a missed detection and, consequently, a missed lensed signal.
The dispersal of protoplanetary discs – III. Influence of stellar mass on disc photoevaporation
Authors: Picogna Giovanni , Ercolano Barbara , Espaillat Catherine C 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The strong X-ray irradiation from young solar-type stars may play a crucial role in the thermodynamics and chemistry of circumstellar discs, driving their evolution in the last stages of disc dispersal as well as shaping the atmospheres of newborn planets. In this paper, we study the influence of stellar mass on circumstellar disc mass-loss rates due to X-ray irradiation, extending our previous study of the mass-loss rate’s dependence on the X-ray luminosity and spectrum hardness. We focus on stars with masses between 0.1 and 1 M⊙, which are the main target of current and future missions to find potentially habitable planets. We find a linear relationship between the mass-loss rates and the stellar masses when changing the X-ray luminosity accordingly with the stellar mass. This linear increase is observed also when the X-ray luminosity is kept fixed because of the lower disc aspect ratio which allows the X-ray irradiation to reach larger radii. We provide new analytical relations for the mass-loss rates and profiles of photoevaporative winds as a function of the stellar mass that can be used in disc and planet population synthesis models. Our photoevaporative models correctly predict the observed trend of inner-disc lifetime as a function of stellar mass with an increased steepness for stars smaller than 0.3 M⊙, indicating that X-ray photoevaporation is a good candidate to explain the observed disc dispersal process.
Photoevaporation versus core-powered mass-loss: model comparison with the 3D radius gap
Authors: Rogers James G , Gupta Akash , Owen James E , Schlichting Hilke E 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The extreme ultraviolet (EUV)/X-ray photoevaporation and core-powered mass-loss models are both capable of reproducing the bimodality in the sizes of small, close-in exoplanets observed by the Kepler space mission, often referred to as the ‘radius gap’. However, it is unclear which of these two mechanisms dominates the atmospheric mass-loss that is likely sculpting the radius gap. In this work, we propose a new method of differentiating between the two models, which relies on analysing the radius gap in 3D parameter space. Using models for both mechanisms, and by performing synthetic transit surveys we predict the size and characteristics of a survey capable of discriminating between the two models. We find that a survey of ≳5000 planets, with a wide range in stellar mass and measurement uncertainties at a ${\lesssim}5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ level is sufficient. Our methodology is robust against moderate false positive contamination of ${\lesssim}10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. We perform our analysis on two surveys (which do not satisfy our requirements): the California-KeplerSurvey and the Gaia–KeplerSurvey and find, unsurprisingly, that both data sets are consistent with either model. We propose a hypothesis test to be performed on future surveys that can robustly ascertain which of the two mechanisms formed the radius gap, provided one dominates over the other.
Testing the Galactic Centre potential with S-stars
Authors: Zakharov Alexander F 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Two groups of astronomers used the large telescopes Keck and VLT for decades to observe trajectories of bright stars near the Galactic Centre. Based on results of their observations, the astronomers concluded that trajectories of the stars are roughly elliptical and foci of the orbits are approximately coincide with the Galactic Centre position. In a last few years, a self-gravitating dark matter core–halo distribution was suggested by Ruffini, Argüelles, Rueda (RAR) and this model was actively used in consequent studies. In particular, recently it has been claimed that the RAR-model provides a better fit of trajectories of bright stars in comparison to the conventional model with a supermassive black hole. The dark matter distribution with a dense core having a constant density as it was suggested in the RAR-model leaves trajectories of stars elliptical like in Kepler’s two-body problem. However, in this case not the foci of the ellipses coincide with the Galactic Centre but their centres while the orbital periods do not depend on semi-major axes. These properties are not consistent with the observational data for trajectories of bright stars.
Mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: A case of critical antinomy
Authors: Kobayashi Kensuke , Inoue Nobuyuki , Fukunishi Takuma 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysms (MAAAs) are rare but life-threatening, and no standard therapy has yet been established. Effective surgery with intensive antimicrobial therapy is crucial; however, this can be fatal in immunocompromised patients. Only a few reports of MAAA with concomitant autoimmune disease exist; therefore, we were concerned about our lack of experience and knowledge about appropriate treatment. We report a 69-year-old male with an MAAA secondary to septic shock after spinal fusion surgery. He had also been on long-term oral immunosuppressants for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). After preoperative cephazolin, we performed debridement of infected tissue, graft replacement with a rifampicin-bonded prosthesis, and omentopexy. On the 52nd post-operative day, he was transferred back to the previous attending hospital under oral antibiotics and prednisolone. MAAA in patients with SLE should be treated with in situ replacement using an antimicrobial prosthetic or biological graft with thorough debridement and omentopexy, followed by antimicrobials and immunosuppressants, as needed.
Rice bodies in the wrist
Authors: Gillijns Maurice , Vandesande Wim 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Rice bodies are a rare finding in medicine and offer a therapeutic challenge. As their occurrence varies over multiple rheumatic as well as infectious diseases, multiple hypotheses have been made about their origin. While rice bodies are most frequently reported in the shoulder and knee joints, flexor tendon synovitis with accompanying rice bodies is rarer. We report a case of extensive flexor tenosynovitis with rice bodies in the wrist in a 90-year-old patient with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. The patient reported a 5-month history of painful swelling of the right wrist. Ultrasound showed pronounced swelling of the synovial tissue of the flexor tendons. Laboratory test were negative for rheumatology tests with normal C-reactive protein and sedimentation rates. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an extensive synovitis reaching from the distal forearm into the hand with inclusions, better known as rice bodies. Synovectomy including carpal tunnel release was performed with dissection of the mass revealing an extensive synovitis with a multitude of rice bodies. Histopathology showed lymphohistiocytic infiltrates consistent with rheumatoid nodules. After surgery, the patient regained full function of the wrist within 2 weeks without any pain or remaining mass in the affected limb.
PhylomeDB V5: an expanding repository for genome-wide catalogues of annotated gene phylogenies
Authors: Fuentes Diego , Molina Manuel , Chorostecki Uciel , Capella-Gutiérrez Salvador , Marcet-Houben Marina , Gabaldón Toni 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PhylomeDB is a unique knowledge base providing public access to minable and browsable catalogues of pre-computed genome-wide collections of annotated sequences, alignments and phylogenies (i.e. phylomes) of homologous genes, as well as to their corresponding phylogeny-based orthology and paralogy relationships. In addition, PhylomeDB trees and alignments can be downloaded for further processing to detect and date gene duplication events, infer past events of inter-species hybridization and horizontal gene transfer, as well as to uncover footprints of selection, introgression, gene conversion, or other relevant evolutionary processes in the genes and organisms of interest. Here, we describe the latest evolution of PhylomeDB (version 5). This new version includes a newly implemented web interface and several new functionalities such as optimized searching procedures, the possibility to create user-defined phylome collections, and a fully redesigned data structure. This release also represents a significant core data expansion, with the database providing access to 534 phylomes, comprising over 8 million trees, and homology relationships for genes in over 6000 species. This makes PhylomeDB the largest and most comprehensive public repository of gene phylogenies. PhylomeDB is available at http://www.phylomedb.org.
CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2014–2018
Authors: Ostrom Quinn T , Cioffi Gino , Waite Kristin , Kruchko Carol , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS), in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and National Cancer Institute (NCI), is the largest population-based cancer registry focused exclusively on primary brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumors in the United States (US) and represents the entire US population. This report contains the most up-to-date population-based data on primary brain tumors available and supersedes all previous reports in terms of completeness and accuracy and is the first CBTRUS Report to provide the distribution of molecular markers for selected brain and CNS tumor histologies. All rates are age-adjusted using the 2000 US standard population and presented per 100,000 population. The average annual age-adjusted incidence rate (AAAIR) of all malignant and non-malignant brain and other CNS tumors was 24.25 (Malignant AAAIR=7.06, Non-malignant AAAIR=17.18). This overall rate was higher in females compared to males (26.95 versus 21.35) and non-Hispanics compared to Hispanics (24.68 versus 22.12). The most commonly occurring malignant brain and other CNS tumor was glioblastoma (14.3% of all tumors and 49.1% of malignant tumors), and the most common non-malignant tumor was meningioma (39.0% of all tumors and 54.5% of non-malignant tumors). Glioblastoma was more common in males, and meningioma was more common in females. In children and adolescents (age 0–19 years), the incidence rate of all primary brain and other CNS tumors was 6.21. An estimated 88,190 new cases of malignant and non-malignant brain and other CNS tumors are expected to be diagnosed in the US population in 2021 (25,690 malignant and 62,500 non-malignant). There were 83,029 deaths attributed to malignant brain and other CNS tumors between 2014 and 2018. This represents an average annual mortality rate of 4.43 per 100,000 and an average of 16,606 deaths per year. The five-year relative survival rate following diagnosis of a malignant brain and other CNS tumor was 35.6%, for a non-malignant brain and other CNS tumors the five-year relative survival rate was 91.8%.
Cell biology of primary cell wall synthesis in plants
Authors: Gu Ying , Rasmussen Carolyn G 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBuilding a complex structure such as the cell wall, with many individual parts that need to be assembled correctly from distinct sources within the cell, is a well-orchestrated process. Additional complexity is required to mediate dynamic responses to environmental and developmental cues. Enzymes, sugars, and other cell wall components are constantly and actively transported to and from the plasma membrane during diffuse growth. Cell wall components are transported in vesicles on cytoskeletal tracks composed of microtubules and actin filaments. Many of these components, and additional proteins, vesicles, and lipids are trafficked to and from the cell plate during cytokinesis. In this review, we first discuss how the cytoskeleton is initially organized to add new cell wall material or to build a new cell wall, focusing on similarities during these processes. Next, we discuss how polysaccharides and enzymes that build the cell wall are trafficked to the correct location by motor proteins and through other interactions with the cytoskeleton. Finally, we discuss some of the special features of newly formed cell walls generated during cytokinesis.
Perceived work engagement and performance amongst police officers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong
Authors: Li Jessica C M , Cheung Chau-Kiu , Sun Ivan Y , Cheung Yuen-Kiu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Although work-related stress among police officers during the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has been examined in recent studies, empirical studies of the impacts of multiple stressors on police officers’ work engagement and performance during this difficult time have been scarce. Using data collected from a sample of 335 police officers in Hong Kong, this study investigated the effects of supervisor support and different occupational stressors on police officers’ work engagement and performance during the pandemic. The regression results indicated that the impact of supervisor support was significantly and positively associated with both work outcomes. Operational stressors had a significant negative impact on the two work outcomes, and supervisor support had no moderating effect on the relationships between the various stressors and the two work outcomes. Practical suggestions on how to increase supervisor support for police officers and mitigate operational stressors are discussed.
Operational stress of police officers: A cross-sectional study in three countries with centralized, hierarchical organization
Authors: Kukić Filip , Streetman Aspen , Koropanovski Nenad , Ćopić Nemanja , Fayyad Fadi , Gurevich Konstantin , Zaborova Victoria , Krikheli Natella , Dopsaj Milivoj , Heinrich Katie M 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLaw enforcement is a stressful occupation with both work-related and social-related stressors. Too much stress can negatively affect behaviours, mental states, and job performance. Centralized police organizations limit officers’ individual autonomy, likely increasing stress. This study examined differences in occupational stress in two different European countries and one Middle East country. Participants were 351 male police officers from Serbia (n = 130, age 36 ± 8 years), Russia (n = 121, age 22 ± 4 years), and Lebanon (n = 100, age 36 ± 6 years) who completed the 20-item Operational Police Stress Questionnaire in their own language. Items were averaged and interpreted as low (≤2.0), stress (2.1–3.4), and high stress (≥3.5). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) analyses using age as the covariate with Bonferroni post hoc analyses were used. A principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine stress structure per country. Significant differences were found with lower occupational stress in Russian (P &lt; 0.001) and Lebanon (P = 0.003) than Serbian officers. PCA factor patterns differed by country, with six found for Russian and Lebanese and three for Serbian officers. More work-related stressors were rated higher for the younger Russian officers, while more social-related stressors were rated higher for the older Serbian officers. Results suggest that it is vital to consider officers’ stress sources and overall stress levels.
Mycorrhizal fungi regulate daily rhythm of circadian clock in trifoliate orange under drought stress
Authors: Ding Yu-E , Zou Ying-Ning , Wu Qiang-Sheng , Kuča Kamil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe circadian rhythm of plants is associated with stress responses; however, it is not clear whether increased host plant drought tolerance by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is associated with changes in the circadian clock. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of Funneliformis mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Schüßler & Walker on the circadian clock gene expression patterns in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.) along with gas exchange, abscisic acid (ABA) levels and antioxidant enzyme gene expression under well-watered (WW) and drought stress (DS) conditions. Plant growth, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and ABA levels were significantly higher in AMF- than in non-AMF-inoculated plants regardless of soil water regimes. Six circadian clock genes, including PtPRR7, PtLHY, PtCCA1, PtGI, PtPIF3 and PtSRR1, were identified and showed rhythmic expression patterns over the course of the day. The AMF inoculation reduced the expression of most circadian clock genes in different time periods. However, AMF treatment significantly increased PtPRR7 and PtGI expression at 5:00 p.m. under WW and DS conditions, PtLHY expression at 1:00 a.m. and PtSRR1 expression at 9:00 p.m. At 1:00 a.m., AMF inoculation up-regulated the expression of the circadian clock genes PtPRR7, PtCCA1, PtLHY and PtPIF3 and the antioxidant enzyme genes PtFe-SOD, PtMn-SOD, PtCu/Zn-SOD, PtPOD and PtCAT1. Correlation analysis revealed that these changes in circadian clock gene expression were associated with antioxidant enzyme gene expression, root ABA and gas exchange. We concluded that mycorrhizal fungi have the ability to regulate the daily rhythm of the circadian clock in trifoliate orange plants in response to drought.
A practical approach to selecting a colorectal cancer screening test
Authors: Carter Kimberly 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, but timely, effective, and adherent screening can reduce the number of cases. Screening tests continue to evolve, creating opportunities and challenges. Medical societies offer varying guidelines about optimal screening tests and when to begin screening. This article reviews available and emerging colorectal cancer screening tests and discusses how to educate patients, advise them in selecting an appropriate test, and promote increased participation in colorectal cancer screening.
Vasopressor Initiation Within 1 Hour of Fluid Loading Is Associated With Increased Mortality in Septic Shock Patients: Analysis of National Registry Data*
Authors: Yeo Hye Ju , Lee Young Seok , Kim Tae Hwa , Jang Jin Ho , Lee Heung Bum , Oh Dong Kyu , Park Mi Hyeon , Lim Chae-Man , Cho Woo Hyun ,   on behalf of the Korean Sepsis Alliance (KSA) Investigators
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate whether administration of a vasopressor within 1 hour of first fluid loading affected mortality and organ dysfunction in septic shock patients.

DESIGN:
Prospective, multicenter, observational study.

SETTING:
Sixteen tertiary or university hospitals in the Republic of Korea.

PATIENTS:
Patients with septic shock (n = 415) were classified into early and late groups according to whether the vasopressor was initiated within 1 hour of the first resuscitative fluid load. Early (n = 149) patients were 1:1 propensity matched to late (n = 149) patients.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

Measurement and Main Results:
The median time from the initial fluid bolus to vasopressor was shorter in the early group (0.3 vs 2.3 hr). There was no significant difference in the fluid bolus volume within 6 hours (33.2 vs 35.9 mL/kg) between the groups. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and lactate level on day 3 in the ICU were significantly higher in the early group than that in the late group (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, 9.2 vs 7.7; lactate level, 2.8 vs 1.7 mmol/L). In multivariate Cox regression analyses, early vasopressor use was associated with a significant increase in the risk of 28-day mortality (hazard ratio, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.26–2.65).

CONCLUSIONS:
Vasopressor initiation within 1 hour of fluid loading was associated with higher 28-day mortality in patients with septic shock.