bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of climate change on monthly streamflow in the Verde River Basin using two hydrological models
Authors: Carvalho Vinícius Siqueira Oliveira , Alvarenga Lívia Alves , Oliveira Conceição De Maria Marques de , Tomasella Javier , Colombo Alberto , Melo Pâmela Aparecida 
Published: July 2021

This study assessed the impact of climate change on monthly streamflow in the Verde River Basin, located in the Grande River Basin headwater. For this purpose, the SWAT and VIC hydrological models were used to simulate the monthly streamflow under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, obtained by Regional Climate Models Eta-HadGEM2-ES, Eta-CanESM2 and Eta-MIROC5 in the baseline period (1961-2005) and three time-slice (2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2099) inputs. At the end of the century, the Eta-HadGEM2-ES showed larger decrease of precipitation in both radiative scenarios, with an annual reduction of 17.4 (RCP4.5) and 32.3% (RCP8.5), while the Eta-CanESM2 indicated major warming, with an annual increase of 4.7 and 10.2°C under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. As well as precipitation changes, the Eta-HadGEM2-ES also showed greater impacts on streamflow under RCP4.5 for the first time-slice (2011-2040), with an annual decrease of 58.0% for both hydrological models, and for the RCP8.5 scenario by the end the century (2071-2099), with an annual reduction of 54.0 (VIC model) and 56.8% (SWAT model). Regarding monthly streamflow, the Eta-HadGEM2-ES and Eta-CanESM2 inputs indicated decrease under the RCP8.5 scenario by the end the century, varying from 7.2 to 66.3 % (VIC model) and 37.0 to 64.7% (SWAT model). In general, Eta-MIROC5 presented the opposite in terms of direction in the simulations with both hydrological models at the end of the century. Combined effects of climate models, hydrological model structures and scenarios of climate change should be considered in assessments of uncertainties of climate change impacts.
УСЛОВНО-ПАТОГЕННАЯ БАКТЕРИОФЛОРА ЛЕЩА
(ABRAMIS BRAMA L.) ВИСЛИНСКОГО ЗАЛИВА
Authors: Балычева В.Б. , Казимирченко О.В. 
Published: July 2021

Проведено исследование микрофлоры леща (Abramis brama L.) Вислинского залива с
видимыми патологиями на кожных покровах. Микробиологический анализ пораженных
участков кожи и измененных внутренних органов выявил наличие большого количества
штаммов условно-патогенных Аeromonas allosaccharophila и санитарно-значимых Сitrobacter
freundii бактерий. У леща также отмечено носительство патогенных бактерий Aeromonas
hydrophila, обнаруженных в составе микрофлоры кожи. Идентифицированные микроорганизмы при существовании в ассоциациях друг с другом и наличии отрицательно действующих факторов среды способны инициировать инфекционный процесс у леща Вислинского
залива
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗНЫХ СУБСТРАТОВ НА РАЗМНОЖЕНИЕ
КОРНЕВЫМИ ЧЕРЕНКАМИ ПИОНА МОЛОЧНОЦВЕТКОВОГО
PAEONIA LACTIFLORA PALL.
Authors: Жукова А. А. , Коршикова Н. Г. 
Published: July 2021

В статье представлены результаты исследования особенностей размножения пиона корневыми черенками. На первом этапе исследовали способности к размножению корневыми черенками трех сортов: «Sweet Sixteen» (Свит Сикстин), «Maestro» (Маэстро), «Sarah Bernhardt» (Сара Бернар) – для выявления сорта с более высокими показателями укоренения.
По результатам выбрали сорт «Sarah Bernhardt» (укоренение черенков 60 %, против 32 и 12 % соответственно).
На втором этапе опыта изучили влияние субстрата и диаметра корневого черенка на укоренение, на примере сорта «Sarah Bernhardt» (Сара Бернар). Корневые черенки обработали Фитоспорином М. и регулятором роста Корневин СП.
Варианты опыта: контроль – торфогрунт без обработки Фитоспорином М., торфогрунт, вермикулит, сфагнум, перлит. Во всех вариантах, кроме контроля, субстраты обработаны Фитоспорином М.
Установлено, что наиболее оптимальный вариант для укоренения – торфогрунт, обработанный Фитоспорином М. В контроле процент укоренения равен 83,4 %, средняя длина
образовавшихся корешков от 1,8 до 2,9 см, а среднее число образовавшихся корешков на черенке равно 6,2 шт. В варианте с обработанным торфогрунтом процент укоренения равен
94,5 %, средняя длина образовавшихся корешков от 1,3 до 3,8 см, а среднее число образовавшихся корешков на черенке равен 14,4 шт. Остальные субстраты оказались непригодными для укоренения черенков.
На результаты укоренения черенков оказывало влияние диаметр черенка. Черенки диаметром 2,0 см имели меньший процент укоренения по сравнению с черенками диаметром 1,0 и 1,5 см.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ПРЕПАРАТА «ТРЕНЕР»
НА ПОСЕВАХ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
В УСЛОВИЯХ ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЯ
Authors: Смирнова Е.А. , Калинина Е.А. 
Published: July 2021

В статье изложены практические результаты опыта по действию биологического препарата «Тренер» на посевные качества семян, показатели урожайности озимой пшеницы и
элементы структуры урожая в условиях органического земледелия. Установлено, что препарат «Тренер» положительно влияет на энергию прорастания семян и их всхожесть, повышая
эти показатели на 12,28 и на 6,27 % по сравнению с контролем. Основные показатели урожайности также увеличивались под воздействием препарата «Тренер». Масса 1000 зерен в
опытном варианте увеличилась на 4,0 % по сравнению с контролем. Урожайность зерна была
больше по сравнению с вариантом без обработки на 1,7 т/га. Проведенные исследования показали, что в условиях органического земледелия при возделывании озимой пшеницы возможно применение препарата «Тренер» для повышения посевных качеств и урожайности
при обработке посевов в фазы: кущения, выхода в трубку, колошения с нормой расхода препарата 2 л/га.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПИЩЕВЫХ
КОМПОНЕНТОВ НА СОХРАНЕНИЕ КАЧЕСТВА
СОЛЁНОЙ РЫБЫ
Authors: Мелехина М. Д. , Степаненко Е. И. 
Published: July 2021

Показана возможность использования пищевых растительных компонентов, а именно
экстракта розмарина и эфирного масла грейпфрута, для производства солёной лососевой
продукции с целью замены синтетических консервантов. Установлены оптимальные
концентрации экстрактов и эфирных масел гвоздики, грейпфрута и розмарина, улучшающие
вкусо-ароматические свойства солёной лососевой продукции. Представлены результаты
физико-химических и микробиологических исследований.
Repercusión social del embarazo en adolescentes
Authors: Segovia Solange Karina Quijije 
Published: July 2021

RESUMEN
La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la realidad de la educación familiar y el embarazo a temprana edad en el país, el cual se considera como problema social y de salud pública siendo el grupo de mayor vulnerabilidad las adolescentes con deficiencia de conocimientos en educación sexual, el diagnóstico demostró que la mayoría de los casos tienen afectaciones en la salud de la madre y del hijo por nacer, ocasionando alteraciones en la calidad de vida de ellas, familia y sociedad, los padres a su vez no brindan la suficiente confianza para dialogar sobre estos temas transcendentes, buscando en personas ajenas al hogar información que puede ser errada. Se utilizó los siguientes métodos teóricos: inductivo-deductivo y descriptivo, y como métodos empíricos encuestas a padres, adolescentes y entrevistas a especialistas en la temática de investigación. La investigación se realizó en el centro de salud Jipijapa, con las adolescentes embarazadas controladas, edades que oscila entre 17 a 19 años representando el grupo de mayor frecuencia de atención y con 3 embarazadas entre 10 a 13 años de edad. Un dato importante de destacar es un elevado porcentaje de padres de familia que no mantienen un dialogo fluido con sus hijos. El aporte teórico del trabajo lo constituyó la fundamentación de un club de madres adolescentes y una escuela para padres surgiendo participación activa de ambos grupos como alternativa para dar solución al problema planteado.

ABSTRACT
The research had as objective analize the reality of the familiar education and pregnancy to early age in the country, which consider as social problem and public health being the vulnerability main group the teenagers with deficiency of knowledges in sexual education, the diagnostic showed that mayority of the cases have affections in the health of the mother and son to born, causing changes in the quality of life of their family and society, the parents not give the sufficient confidence to dialogue about these trascendents topics, searching in people to home information that can wrong. Used the following theorical methods descriptive inductive deductive and as empirical method as surveys to parents and teenagers and interviews with specialists in the topic of researchs field. The research was conducted at health center Jipijapa, with pregnants teenagers controled, ages that ranging from 17 and 19 representing the mayor group of more frequent attention and 3 pregnants from 10 to 13 years old. An important point to note is a high percent of parents of famiy that not care a dialogue fluid with their sons. The theorical contribution from job constituted the foundametation of a club of pregnants mothers and a parents schcool emerging active participation of both groups as an alternative to give solution to established problem.
Miniaturización de una Antena Microstrip Aplicando Diseño Fractal T-cuadrado
Authors: Hernandez Ambato Valeria , Moreno Avilés Hugo 
Published: July 2021

Este documento describe el diseño e implementación de una antena fractal microstrip miniaturizada con frecuencia de operación a 2.4 GHz para la aplicación en dispositivos portables. La antena se desarrolló considerando la frecuencia de operación y las características del material. El material utilizado es RO4003C con permitividad dieléctrica εr = 3.38 y espesor h = 0.254 mm. Se aplicó dos técnicas de miniaturización: por la forma y ranura en el parche. La forma del parche miniaturizado se deﬁnió en la segunda iteración del diseño fractal del T-cuadrado. El proceso de optimización del diseño de la antena se realizó mediante simulaciones y se utilizó la herramienta Ansoft Designer. Se implementó el diseño de la antena ﬁnal que alcanzó el valor del parámetro S de -21 dB. Las mediciones se realizaron con la antena transmisora y receptora separadas a 15 cm y con potencia de entrada de 15 dBm. El diseño del parche ﬁnal presentó el 46,65 % de miniaturización del tamaño con respecto al parche original. La optimización del diseño ﬁnal de la antena presentó el 62,2 % de reducción en el tamaño con respecto a la antena microstrip inicial.
Efficiency of edible coating chitosan and cinnamic acid to prolong the shelf life of tomatoes.
Authors: Mior Azmai Wan Norin Syerina , Abdul Latif Nurul Syaza , Md Zain Norhafizah 
Published: July 2021

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a large target commodity for Malaysia’s export trade. However, tomato is a perishable climacteric fruit that requires favourable conditions to maintain its freshness from farm to the table. Its fast ageing process tends to attract pathogens that reduce the shelf life of a detached tomato, hence affecting its quality causing severe losses to the agropreneurs (Anderson et al., 2014). Therefore, there is a dire need for a mechanism to maintain the freshness of tomatoes. This study aims to examine the effects of chitosan and cinnamic acid as edible coatings to prolong the shelf life of tomatoes. Chitosan plays a role as an antifungal agent whereas cinnamic acid possesses antimicrobial properties that help to improve the shelf life of tomatoes (Bautista-Baños et al. (2006). In the study, Chitosan and cinnamic acid coatings were applied on fresh graded tomatoes at two maturity stages; breakers and turning. The samples were observed every three days for a total period of 12 days at ambient temperature. The results showed that a single coating of chitosan (0.5 %) had a positive impact on the total soluble solids (TSS), firmness, hue angle and weight loss of the samples. On the other hand, cinnamic acid (2mM) influenced the firmness, weight loss and TSS value of the tomatoes. The coatings inhibit respiration and minimise starch conversion into sugar that could lead to lowered sugar (TSS) content. The restriction on respiration ensures firmness and delay the colour change of fruits at a particular period. The slowing of the ripening process that causes ageing and weight loss in fruits is reduced. Both coatings were proven to be highly feasible for application in various industries due to their edible, non-toxic and biodegradable nature.
PREVALENCE OF NON-SPECIFIC NECK PAIN AMONG SURGEONS IN DIFFERENT HOSPITALS OF LAHORE
Authors: Zafar Amirah , Akhtar  Saad , Sadiq Umar , Sobia Sobia 
Published: July 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of non-specific neck pain among Surgeons in different hospitals of Lahore and developed some guidelines to reduce the occupational hazards.
Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Non-Probability Convenient sampling technique was used. Data was collected from surgeons working in tertiary care hospitals of Lahore Inclusion criteria included Surgeons (25 years or above), both genders selected and Neck pain in cervical region, surgery of consecutive 2- 3 hours or more. Exclusion criteria included age under 25 years, any neurological disorders, cerebrovascular insufficiency, Past history of Infection and Malignancy, any Structural disorders and Trauma. Data was collected by questionnaire form set on paper.
Results: Non-specific neck pain has positive statistically significant association with “Starting of Neck Pain Surgical Day”, “Starting of Neck Pain Post-Surgical Day”, “Worsening of Neck Pain Surgical Day” and “Worsening of Neck Pain Post-Surgical Day
Conclusion: It concluded that the surgeons are not getting neck pain due to the surgical activities but it may worsen by their surgical activities of consecutive 3 hours if they already have some neck-related problems.
Recommendations: Prolong working hours should be reduced which ultimately affect their ergonomics and posture of neck. By reducing consecutive hours of surgery neck pain can be minimized. Surgeons should be trained about their postural alignment while performing surgeries as to prevent maximum stress on neck musculature to avoid neck pain.
INFLUENCE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE AND AUTHORITY FIGURES IN BROADCAST OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC MESSAGES AMONG RURAL DWELLERS IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA
Authors: Ude-Akpeh Chinelo Edith , Onyima Tony , Ginikachukwu Alpha Chukwuemeka 
Published: July 2021

This paper examined the influence of the use of indigenous language and authority figures in the broadcast of COVID-19 messages among rural dwellers in South East Nigeria. This is against the backdrop of the failure of rural dwellers to pay attention and understand the COVID-19 pandemic messages which were disseminated in English language, and as such were not complying to the precautionary measures. The research was a descriptive survey. Five objectives guided the study which used the focus group discussion as the medium of data collection. The population was all rural dwellers in the five south-eastern states of Nigeria. The sample was 200 participants randomly selected from the five rural communities near the state capitals (Abakaliki- Nwofe; Awka- Achalla; Enugu- Ugwuaji; Owerri- Nworieubi and Umuahia). The Limited Effects theory formed the theoretical underpinning for the study. Data were analyzed through thematic transcription of the responses of the participants during the focus group discussion. Results obtained show that most rural dwellers do not have access to social media platforms. Also, rural dwellers get their information basically from markets, churches, and towns meetings. It was gathered that use of indigenous language and leaders of thought provided the needed understanding, reach and conviction of the rural dwellers on the reality of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study concludes therefore that the use of indigenous language and authority figures are useful in helping rural dwellers in the South East zone to understand and comply with the COVID-19 pandemic messages and precautionary measures. Sequel to the findings, the study recommends that the ministries of Information should adopt the use of opinion leaders in disseminating such vital information. Also there is need for all communities to translate vital and sensitive information in local dialects to enable easy understanding and compliance especially by rural dwellers.
SOCIAL MEDIA AND BRIDGING OF COVID-19 INFORMATION GAP AMONG STUDENTS OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, OKO
Authors: Uwakwe Onyeka 
Published: July 2021

This is a survey study. The researcher uses a sample of 112 students to x-ray the impact of new media in dissemination information on COVID-19 pandemic. The study submits that WhatsAPP, Facebook and Opera news are rendering front line media services. Based on this, therefore, the paper reveals that new media have been potent at the awareness level. The paper also notes some differentials (gap) among the students in terms of level of awareness of COVID-19 pandemic terminology. This aspect of the result is hypothetically explained in the level of new media dependency, literacy level and income. The paper reinforces the role of the media in national development. The paper consequently recommends that governments and change agents take advantage of the possibilities inherent in the new media in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic.
Estrategias de política y seguridad para la conservación de recursos geoestratégicos (caso Amazonia)
Authors: Carrillo Johnathan David , López Christian David 
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo de investigación, detalla la estrategia de la República Federativa de Brasil para priorizar la región amazónica desde un predominio hegemónico y con posibles escenarios de inquietud para Colombia. Para ello, desde un estudio historiográfico se muestra la política exterior y la importancia estratégica que Brasil tiene sobre la amazonia para controlar (su diversidad biológica, sus proyectos de desarrollo), y disuadir la intrusión, penetración o maniobra de una fuerza armada extranjera simétrica o asimétricas en su territorio, con el fin de identificar la postura que ha tenido Colombia frente a escenarios de tensión, que se desprende de la incapacidad por asegurar la soberanía ambiental de la amazonia en el territorio y su conflicto interno. De esta manera, “al asociar el concepto de soberanía con la región amazónica, nos lleva a considerar la soberanía ambiental como un elemento que se va a insertar con mayor protagonismo en las estrategias de defensa” (Delgado, 2011).
La transformación del Ejército y el conflicto en Nicaragua
Authors: Cortés Rodríguez Gerson Fabián , De La Hoz Gasca Nini Johanna , Valencia Delgado Lorena 
Published: July 2021

Se analiza la transformación del Ejército en Nicaragua desde la contextualización del conflicto en este país, a partir del golpe de Estado contra la dictadura de los Somoza, la desarticulación de la Guardia Nacional y el establecimiento del Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional en el poder. Con base en lo anterior, se detalla el proceso de creación del Ejército Popular Sandinista y la conformación de estructuras militares para combatir los ataques de las fuerzas contrarrevolucionarias, conocidas como “Los Contras”. Asimismo, se hace una consideración sobre los Acuerdos de Esquipulas que dieron, como resultado, la democratización de Nicaragua y la desmovilización de los contrarrevolucionarios. Finalmente, se evalúa el papel de las Fuerzas Armadas y las instituciones en el postconflicto, que conllevaron a la situación actual del país, todo esto por medio de un método de estudio de caso con consulta de fuentes secundarias especializadas.
El papel del sector privado empresarial en la reintegración de las FARC-EP
Authors: Arrieta Ceballos Lina Camila , Rodríguez Cardozo Dalia Milena 
Published: July 2021

En este artículo analizaremos como se ha involucrado el sector privado empresarial en el marco del proceso de paz entre el gobierno de Juan Manuel Santos y la guerrilla FARC-EP. Se expone la importancia fundamental de este sector como un actor clave en la construcción de paz, sus motivaciones sociales para que el proceso logre tener mayor fortaleza y pueda ser posible; asimismo cómo este sector ha aportado en temas como: inserción laboral, aportes económicos y labores sociales; examinaremos cuáles son sus intereses y en qué ámbitos económicos y sociales participan activamente. Se continua con el desarrollo del porque y de qué manera se ven implicados en los aspectos más importantes del proceso de paz.
Real-Time Prediction of the COVID-19 Epidemic in Thailand using Simple Model-Free Method and Time Series Regression Model
Authors: WONGSATHAN Rati 
Published: July 2021

The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was declared a global health crisis. The real-time accurate and predictive model of the number of infected cases could help inform the government of providing medical assistance and public health decision-making. This work is to model the ongoing COVID-19 spread in Thailand during the 1st and 2nd phases of the pandemic using the simple but powerful method based on the model-free and time series regression models. By employing the curve fitting, the model-free method using the logistic function, hyperbolic tangent function, and Gaussian function was applied to predict the number of newly infected patients and accumulate the total number of cases, including peak and viral cessation (ending) date. Alternatively, with a significant time-lag of historical data input, the regression model predicts those parameters from 1-day-ahead to 1-month-ahead. To obtain optimal prediction models, the parameters of the model-free method are fine-tuned through the genetic algorithm, whereas the generalized least squares update the parameters of the regression model. Assuming the future trend continues to follow the past pattern, the expected total number of patients is approximately 2,689 - 3,000 cases. The estimated viral cessation dates are May 2, 2020 (using Gaussian function), May 4, 2020 (using a hyperbolic function), and June 5, 2020 (using a logistic function), whereas the peak time occurred on April 5, 2020. Moreover, the model-free method performs well for long-term prediction, whereas the regression model is suitable for short-term prediction. Furthermore, the performances of the regression models yield a highly accurate forecast with lower RMSE and higher R2 up to 1-week-ahead.
HIGHLIGHTS

COVID-19 model for Thailand during the first and second phases of the epidemic
The model-free method using the logistic function, hyperbolic tangent function, and Gaussian function applied to predict the basic measures of the outbreak
Regression model predicts those measures from one-day-ahead to one-month-ahead
The parameters of the model-free method are fine-tuned through the genetic algorithm

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT