bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Important Role of Gravel and Rocky Beach as A Natural Stable Form of Shore Defense in Southern Garut, West Java
Authors: Helfinalis  , Witasari Y 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Tectonic processes and high energy waves, tidal phases, generally formed the coasts of southern Java. The grain size of the beach is generally gravel, and large stones. Some pristine beaches consist of pebbly, rocky, sandy beaches or a mixture of sand, gravel, and rocks / boulders. Steep gravel beaches are always associated with coastal erosion. On the other hand, a beach with pebbles and boulders can be a stable natural defense. This location is a preservation of various fossil markers of sea level change and also as a habitat for marine life. A study on geomorphology and sediment types was carried out around the coast of Pameungpeuk, South West Java in May 2016. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the importance of gravel beaches as natural protection in maintaining stability of coastal habitats and as a barrier from high waves. On the other hand, sandy beaches are highly susceptible to erosion. Exposure to gravel and boulders in front of the beach can act as a barrier to erosion from the beating of waves. Pameumpeuk beach and its surroundings are also a habitat for lobsters because many rock structures are found with holes and their position behind the rock barrier as natural protection.
Coastal Buffer Zone Management in Banten Province Coastal Region During The December 2018 Tsunami Waves in The Sunda Strait
Authors: Daulat A , Solihuddin T , Salim H L , Heriati A , Husrin S , Ramdhan M , Purbani D 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNatural disasters in coastal areas and small islands in Indonesia occurred several times in the last decade. Banten Province coastal region was directly affected by the tsunami waves last December 2018 due to the Anak Krakatau Volcano’s activities, covering Pandeglang and Serang Regencies. Regional and spatial planning in a coastal buffer zone is mandated by laws and regulations, both central and local, but still sometimes neglected. The spatial analysis was carried out by identifying land use/cover in Banten Province coastal area using high and medium resolution images acquired from the Google Earth website. The results of the land use/cover map observations, which validated with field data, showed that the built-up area from the tourism sector in the form of buildings, facilities, and infrastructures dominate the coastal buffer zone, both in Pandeglang and Serang Regencies, especially in Anyer District (22.3 ha), Carita District (10.7 ha), and Cinangka District (7.2 ha). Moreover, human settlements and supporting public facilities also contribute and dominate the built-up area on the coastal buffer zone in Panimbang District (15.8 ha) and Sumur District (6.4 ha). Implementation of a coastal buffer zone in a vulnerable area such as Banten Province should be evaluated to minimize the impact in the future.
The Effect of ENSO and IOD on The Variability of Sea Surface Temperature and Rainfall in The Natuna Sea
Authors: Puryajati A D , Wirasatriya A , Maslukah L , Sugianto D N , Ramdani F , Jalil A R , Andrawina Y O 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Natuna Sea is located at the northwestern part of Indonesia. Previous studies had showed that ENSO has a stronger impact on SST than chlorophyll-a. According to several studies, Indonesian oceans are heavily impacted by IOD. This study uses SST data with high-resolution satellite imagery (MODIS and Pathfinder) and rainfall and wind data from the Reanalysis Model (ERA-5) which is processed using a composite method and correlation grid. This research results, when La-Niña negative IOD SST will decrease 1°C and rainfall rises 7 mm/day while when El-Niño IOD positive SST will increase by 1°C while in rainfall will decrease by 3 mm/day. The variation of SST and rainfall is more influenced by ENSO than IOD.
Food Habits and Ecological Niche of Silver Barp Fish (Barbonymus gonionotus) in Jatibarang Reservoir, Semarang
Authors: Ain C , Rudiyanti S , Isroliyah A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Research about biological characteristics of fish is important to support the conservation of fish resources. The fish population in the Jatibarang Reservoir includes Tilapia, Milkfish, Koan, Red Devil, and Silver Barp Fish (local name is tawes). The aims of this research was to study the abundance of plankton and determine the food habits of Silver Barp (Barbonymus gonionotus), such as Index of Preponderance (IP), proportion of food type (Pi) and ecological niche. it can be used as a management reference to maintened tawes, which is native to the waters of the Jatibarag Reservoir. This research was conducted by taking samples of Silver Barp using gillnet and hook fishing gear. Samples were taken in July and November 2020. The results showed that Chlorophycea is the main food for tawes fish (IP value 52.34%). The phytoplankton in the waters of the Jatibarang Reservoir has abundance of 4200 ind / L with the highest abundance is Chlorophyceae with value of 1780 ind / L (42.38%). Based on the results, Tawes chose food from the Cyanopyceae, Dinophyceae and Zygnematophyceae classes however Dictyochophyceae were not found in the digestive contents of the Tawes. The area of the Tawes niche (Bi) was 2,825, with the largest Pi originating from Chlorophyceae plankton while the smallest Pi is from the class Dictyochophyceae and Fragilariophyceae with a value of 0. (Bi) index is to compare the area of the niche with other fish in a habitat, the higher this value means the wider the type of feed.
The Potential and Application of Eucheuma sp. for Solid Soap: A Review
Authors: Wahyuni T 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Soap is a daily necessity for cleaning the body and face. There are many types of soap products on the market that soap is containing Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) / Sodium Laureth Sulphate (SLES) and SLS / SLES free soap. Mostly, mass-produced soap (cosmetic industry) and home industry use additives by utilizing the potential of natural resources from terrestrial and marine. This paper is a review on the potential of marine resource that is Eucheuma sp. for solid soap, especially SLS / SLES free solid soap. The results of several research of soap formulation using seaweed as raw materials have been done that were extraction of Eucheuma sp. using maceration method by alcohol compounds solvent and water solvent. This review article is expected to be a reference for researcher and algae soap entrepreneurs in determining their formulation by paying attention to methods that are environmentally friendly and easy to adopt.
Characteristics of the Encapsulated Unsaturated Fatty Acid Concentrate of Catfish Oil (Pangasius sp.)
Authors: Hastarini E , Khamidah S Z , Fardiaz D , Budijanto S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Concentrated unsaturated fatty acids are processed from refined catfish oil extracted from belly meat which is the byproduct of the industry processing pangasius fillets. This belly part contains high enough fat which can be used as a source of essential fatty acids. This essential fatty acid is useful for human health and can reduce the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of the encapsulated concentrated unsaturated fatty acids that have been produced. This study used a combination of coatings (maltodextrin and sodium caseinate; 9:1, 8:2, 7:3) with a ratio of unsaturated fatty acid concentrate with coating 1:5. The physicochemical characteristics analyzed were microencapsulation efficiency, dried encapsulated yield, emulsion viscosity, wettability, water solubility, morphology (SEM) and hygroscopicity. Based on the results of the study show that the ratio of 9:1 is the most optimal comparison in this study which have the lowest emulsion viscosity 12.60 cP with the efficiency of microencapsulation of 40.91% and the dried encapsulated yield of 47.82%
Integration of Traditional Shipping in the Marine Toll of Indonesia: Determining the Priority and Management Strategy
Authors: Prasetiawan A , Zainuri M , Winarno  , Wijayanto D 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAnalysis of the bargaining position of traditional shipping in its integration to the marine toll in Tanjung Emas Port of Semarang should be carried out to evaluate its appropriateness. This research was aimed to identify the internal (strength, weakness) and external (opportunity, threat) factors concerning the integration of traditional shipping into the marine toll, as well as to determine the priority of supporting aspects of improvements. The research was carried out through interviews with some experts. Data analysis was carried out using SWOT and AHP. The research identified 12 internal and 12 external factors related to the integration of traditional shipping business in Tanjung Emas Port of Semarang. SWOT analysis showed that traditional shipping has a strong and opportunistic position with an index position of +0.16; +1.79. AHP analysis showed that policy support is the most important aspect of the integration of traditional shipping into the marine toll, followed by competitiveness and market insurance. According to the result, the policy may have a larger implication on the factors affecting the strength and opportunity of traditional shipping in its integration to the marine toll.
Astrogorgia sp. from Saparua, Maluku: Phytochemical Content, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxicity Properties
Authors: Sibero M T , Zilda D S , Haryanti D , Igarashi Y 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Gorgonian is one of marine invertebrates that is still underexplored as a source of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to discover the biological properties of Astrogorgia sp. and its phytochemical content. A consecutive extraction method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol was conducted to obtain secondary metabolites from the sample. Antimicrobial assay was performed against ESBL E. coli, MRSA, C. albicans, and M. furfur; cytotoxicity against P388 Murine Leukaemia Cancer Cells, antioxidant was tested using DPPH method. The consecutive extraction method gave yield (%) as follows: 0.21 ± 0.22 from n-hexane; 0.67 ± 0.17 from acetyl acetate; and 1.20 ± 0.50 from methanol. All fractions gave positive results on antibacterial assay against all pathogens while only gave antifungal activity against C. albicans. Methanol fraction had the highest antioxidant activity, while n-hexane fraction showed the best cytotoxicity.
Study and quality evaluation of candy prepared by using bottle gourd
Authors: Ahmad M D , Ahmad I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Bottle Gourd (lagneria siceraria) is having a variety of uses throughout world. Recently the interest in bottle gourd has been growing amongst consumers because it contains several nutritive and medicinal constituents which are required for good health and wellbeing. The nutritive value of bottle gourd makes it a popular diet ingredient in making sweet curries, soups, jams, juices, beverages, cakes, for value addition. Keeping in view its nutritional and therapeutic values, bottle gourd candy was prepared by incorporating (65, 70 and 75 °Brix) of sugar syrup into them. Product quality was evaluated based on physicochemical (moisture, ash, pH, TSS, browning index), characteristics of the samples. It was studied that the physicochemical attributes of the bottle gourd candy samples were improved by adding the sugar syrup as compared to with control which is 2% CaCl2 treatment. There was increased ash content, reduction in moisture content and browning index due to the sugar syrup incorporation. On 28th day the moisture content of the of the bottle gourd candy sample with (65, 70 and 75 °Brix) concentration was 7.49, 7.19 and 7.07 % respectively. The ash contents of the bottle gourd candy samples were found 0.385, 0.506, and 0.590 % respectively on 28th day and pH were 3.82, 3.89 and 3.49 respectively at the end of storage. The products were found to be safe for consumption and was in pristine state even after 28 days. Hence the study suggests the uses of bottle gourd candy for taste and health benefits.
Fatty acid profile of meat goats fed pre-treated oil palm frond
Authors: Rusli N D , Mat K , Hasnita C H , Rahman M M , Yusof M T , Zamri-Saad M , Hassim H A 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe main factor affecting the fatty acid (FA) profile of ruminant-derived products is diet composition. In order to determine the effect of pre-treated oil palm frond (OPF) on FA profiles of muscle tissues and subcutaneous fat, twenty crossbred male Boer goats were used for the animal feed trial. Five treatment diets were dietary control consisted of Napier grass (CON); Napier grass with non-treated OPF (NON); Napier grass and physically pre-treated OPF (PHY); Napier grass and biologically pre-treated OPF (BIO) and Napier grass and combined pre-treated OPF (COM). All groups were supplemented with 30% commercial goat pellet. The animals were slaughtered for sampling meat tissues after 130 days of feeding. The saturated fatty acid (SFA) (% of the total in FA) thelongissimus dorsimuscle and subcutaneous fat of the CON group were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the pre-treated OPF groups, but no significant difference inbiceps femorismuscle. Inbiceps femoris, stearic acid (C18:0) was higher in CON and NON groups than PHY, BIO and COM (p<0.001). Inlongissimus dorsi, C18:0 was found higher in NON (p<0.05), while in subcutaneous fat, C16:0 was found higher in CON and NON groups. For UFA,biceps femoris,longissimus dorsiand subcutaneous fat had higher UFA in BIO and COM groups (p<0.05). In addition, biological and combination pretreatments of OPF increased the PUFA: SFA ratio significantly compared with CON, NON and PHY groups (p<0.05). This finding suggested that biological pretreatment with enzyme extract fromGanoderma lucidumeffectively enhances the nutritional value of OPF promoting the UFA in meat.
Effects of dietary acculturation to Malaysian who migrate to the region of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abu Bakar I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Migration is a global phenomenon in modern world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary acculturation to Malaysians who migrate to the region of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia compared to their traditional dietary patterns in Malaysia. About 122 healthy Malaysians immigrating respondents were conveniently recruited for this study and their dietary patterns before and after migration were evaluated using specific self-administered questionnaire. All the data were then analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Windows program version 17.0. The results showed that the frequency of respondents who irregularly take their meals is increased from 9.8% (in Malaysia) to 41.8% (in Saudi Arabia). Before migration, about 95.1% to 98.4% of the respondents took their breakfast, lunch and dinner every day but after migration, only 52.5% to 86.9% of them took breakfast, lunch and dinner every day. All demographic factors which are; gender, marital status, age range, level of education, occupation in Saudi Arabia, length of stay in Saudi Arabia and factor of stay with whom in Saudi Arabia showed significant (P<0.05) effects on regularity of meals intake in Saudi Arabia. The study showed that Malaysian immigrants in Saudi Arabia affected with dietary acculturation.
Physicochemical properties of products and waste of black seed produced by cold press method
Authors: Barkah Nisa Nurmilati , Wiryawan Komang Gede , Retnani Yuli , Wibawan Wayan Teguh , Wina Elizabeth 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Black seed or black cumin has the scientific name Nigella sativa (NS) is an herbal plant that is widely used to treat various diseases. The extraction of oil from NS seeds produces a byproduct called NS waste. This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical properties of products and NS waste produced by the cold press method. Analysis of physical properties was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 5 replications. The thymoquinone test was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The moisture content of seed and NS waste were 6.21 and 7.91%, respectively. The crude protein content in NS seeds and waste reached 19.34 and 27.78% and crude fat contents were 23.99 and 16.93%. The TQ content in NS seeds, oil, and waste were 1680, 2701, and 350 ppm, respectively. Other active compounds in NS seeds are saponins, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and glycosides. Extraction rate of NS using cold press method is 34.46% and produces NS oil products and waste with the desired physicochemical properties, so the product can be used as material for the pharmaceutical purposes.
Screening of antagoinistic fluorescent Pseudomonads from rice rhizosphere for growth suppression of Magnaporthe oryzae and their molecular identification
Authors: Zihad M Z I , Sultana A , Tumpa F H , Chakraborty S , Khokon M A R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Isolation and identification of native fluorescent Pseudomonads from the rice rhizosphere were evaluated for their growth suppressing ability against blast disease of rice causing pathogen (Magnaporthe oryzae). Twenty strains of fluorescent Pseudomonads were isolated and identified initially based on their cultural and in vitro growth suppressing ability against M. oryzae. Among them BdPf-4, BdPf-8, BdPf-9 and BdPf-10 exhibited complete in vitro growth suppression (100%) against M. oryzae following dual culture in growth medium. Molecular identification of the antagonistic Pseudomonas fluorescens was done using 16S rDNA primers. Gel-electrophoresis of PCR products of all the isolates confirmed the fluorescent Pseudomonads showing band at 1500 bp. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequenced data revealed that BdPf-8 (MN256392.1), BdPf-9 (MN256393.1), BdPf-10 (MN256394.1) have 100% homology with Pseudomonas putida (MT184822.1) from India, Bacterium sp. (MK823484.1) from China, Pseudomonas sp. (KY324900.1) from Brazil respectively. Seed priming by different strains of P. fluorescens significantly increased vigor index of rice seedlings. The highest vigor index (2274.8) and (2211.6) which was 184.42% and 176.53% higher over control treatment was found in BdPf-16 (MN256399.1) and BdPf-10 (MN256394.1) respectively. These results revealed the possibility of potential use of some of the strains of native P. fluorescens for management of blast disease of rice.
Seed priming for increased seed germination and enhanced seedling vigor of winter rice
Authors: Anwar M P , Jahan R , Rahman M R , Islam A K M M , Uddin F M J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Low seed emergence rate, poor seedling growth and low survival rate of winter rice due to cold spell are very common in Bangladesh. Pre-sowing seed priming could be a viable approach to overcome this problem. A laboratory screening of different priming agents was conducted at the Agro Innovation Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University in November 2018. The experiment comprised two factors. Factor A includes five rice varieties, namely i) BRRI dhan28 ii) BRRI dhan29 iii) BRRI dhan36 iv) BRRI dhan55 and v) Hybrid SL-8H; factor B includes 22 seed priming methods comprised different concentrations of NaCl, KCl CaCl2, CuSO4, ZnSO4, Na2MoO4, PEG and control (no priming). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. A positive influence of seed priming on seed emergence rate (%), germination time, seedling vigor and seedling growth (length and dry matter) was evident from this study. Among the priming agents, KCl and CaCl2 performed best; while priming with NaCl, Na2MoO4 and PEG showed no advantages over no priming for germination rate and seedling vigor & growth indices. In conclusion, pre sowing seed priming approach can be explored as a viable tool for increased seed germination and better seedling growth of winter rice under stress condition.
Leveraging LoRaWAN technology for smart agricultural monitoring of Malaysian palm oil plantation
Authors: Anzum R , Naeem J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Palm oil is a vital cash crop in tropical Asia. Implementation of technology in palm oil industry not only increase production but also it reduces the plantation management cost significantly. Affordability of smart devices of the farm owners is the major concern behind not using technologies in production and process. There are a lot of technologies are being used in agriculture sectors to ease the manual labour with reduced cost. Study on the challenges faced by the plantation owners is needed to introduce new technological solutions for the plantation management in Malaysia. This article reviews some problems on technology-based monitoring. A qualitative research has been conducted to address the problems faced by the authority of Palm oil plantation. Based on the problem statement researcher introduced a conceptual study of LoRaWAN (Low power wide area network) embedded system suitable for low cost energy efficient Palm oil plantation monitoring. Installation of IoT based device will ensure smart monitoring as well as handling the agriculture activities of the Palm oil plantation with reduced manpower resources.
Effect of selected substrates and chitosan on growth performance of orchid tissue culture seedling under net house
Authors: Rahman W A A W A , Bakar T H S T A , Kayat F , Appalasamy S , Zakaria S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Orchids are considered as the most beautiful and significant cut blossom and pruned plants throughout the world. Therefore tissue culture technique was used as one of the alternative to mass propagate the orchids to fulfil the demand. This study was conducted to find out the effect of chitosan and different substrates on growth performance of Dendrobium Shavin White orchid seedling from tissue culture environment to net house. The tissue cultured plants went through prehardening stage to reduce mortality after the switch to ex vitro conditions. Five (5) treatments consist of combination substrates were tested which were T1: rice husk + chitosan, T2: peat moss + chitosan, T3: EFB + chitosan, T4: rice husk + peat moss + chitosan and T5: rice husk + peat moss + EFB + chitosan whereas charcoal as a control (T0). The result showed that the highest plant height and leaf length which did not significantly different were T3 (6.20cm plant height, 4.83cm leaf length), and T5 (6.55cm plant height, 4.51cm leaf length). Meanwhile, T3 was an effective for number of leaf production with 4.14 leaf count. Hence, this data will be used to acclimatize tissue cultured of Dendrobium Shavin White orchid for commercial used.