bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of mitochondrial DNA copy number with incident risks of gastrointestinal cancers: a prospective case-cohort study
Authors: Guan Xin , Li Mengying , Bai Yansen , Feng Yue , Li Guyanan , Wei Wei , Fu Ming , Li Hang , Wang Chenming , Jie Jiali , Meng Hua , Wu Xiulong , Deng Qilin , Li Fangqing , Yang Handong , Zhang Xiaomin , He Meian , Guo Huan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological investigations implied that inter-individual variations of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) could trigger predisposition to multiple cancers, but evidence regarding gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) was still uncertain.MethodsWe conducted a case-cohort study within the prospective Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, including incident cases of colorectal cancer (CRC, n=278), gastric cancer (GC, n=138), and esophageal cancer (EC, n=72) as well as a random subcohort (n=1173), who were followed up from baseline to the end of 2018. Baseline blood mtDNAcn was determined with quantitative PCR assay, and associations of mtDNAcn with the GICs risks were estimated by using weighted Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsSignificant U-shaped associations were observed between mtDNAcn and risks of CRC, GC, EC, and total GICs. Compared to subjects within the 2nd quartile (Q2) mtDNAcn subgroup, those within the 1st (Q1), 3rd (Q3) and 4th (Q4) quartile subgroups showed increased risks of CRC [HR(95%CI)=2.27(1.47-3.52), 1.65(1.04-2.62), and 2.81(1.85-4.28), respectively] and total GICs [HR(95%CI)=1.84(1.30-2.60), 1.47(1.03-2.10), and 2.51(1.82-3.47), respectively], and those within Q4 subgroup present elevated GC and EC risks [HR(95%CI)=2.16(1.31-3.54) and 2.38(1.13-5.02), respectively]. Similar associations of mtDNAcn with CRC and total GICs risks remained in stratified analyzes by age, gender, and smoking status. Notably, there were joint effects of age and smoking status with mtDNAcn on CRC and total GICs risks.ConclusionsThis prospectively case-cohort study showed U-shaped associations between mtDNAcn and incident risks of GICs, but further researches are needed to confirm these results and uncover underlying biological mechanisms.
Comparative analysis of single cell lung atlas of bat, cat, tiger and pangolin
Authors: Wang Xiran , Ou Zhihua , Ding Peiwen , Sun Chengcheng , Wang Daxi , Zhu Jiacheng , Wu Wendi , Wei Yanan , Ding Xiangning , Luo Lihua , Li Meiling , Zhang Wensheng , Jin Xin , Sun Jian , Liu Huan , Chen Dongsheng 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTHorseshoe bats (Rhinolophus sinicus) might help maintain coronaviruses severely affecting human health, such as SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. It has long been suggested that bats may be more tolerant of viral infection than other mammals due to their unique immune system, but the exact mechanism remains to be fully explored. During the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple animal species were diseased by SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in the respiratory system. Herein, single-cell transcriptomic data of the lungs of a horseshoe bat, a cat, a tiger, and a pangolin were generated. The receptor distribution of twenty-eight respiratory viruses belonging to fourteen viral families were characterized for the four species. Comparison on the immune-related transcripts further revealed limited cytokine activations in bats, which might explain the reason why bats experienced only mild diseases or even no symptoms upon virus infection. Our findings might increase our understanding of the immune background of horseshoe bats and their insensitivity to virus infections.
Local and long-distance organization of prefrontal cortex circuits in the marmoset brain
Authors: Watakabe Akiya , Skibbe Henrik , Nakae Ken , Abe Hiroshi , Ichinohe Noritaka , Rachmadi Muhammad Febrian , Wang Jian , Takaji Masafumi , Mizukami Hiroaki , Woodward Alexander , Gong Rui , Hata Junichi , Van Essen David C. , Okano Hideyuki , Ishii Shin , Yamamori Tetsuo 
Published: December 2021

SummaryPrefrontal cortex (PFC) has dramatically expanded in primates, but its organization and interactions with other brain regions are only partially understood. We performed high-resolution connectomic mapping of marmoset PFC and found two contrasting corticocortical and corticostriatal projection patterns: “patchy” projections that formed many columns of submillimeter scale in nearby and distant regions and “diffuse” projections that spread widely across the cortex and striatum. Parcellation-free analyses revealed representations of PFC gradients in these projections’ local and global distribution patterns. We also demonstrated column-scale precision of reciprocal cortico-cortical connectivity, suggesting that PFC contains a mosaic of discrete columns. Diffuse projections showed considerable diversity in the laminar patterns of axonal spread. In mice, columnar projections were much less conspicuous, underscoring the importance of the primate model. Altogether, these fine-grained analyses reveal important principles of local and long-distance PFC circuits in marmosets and provide insights into the functional organization of the primate brain.
Vaccine-breakthrough infection by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant elicits broadly cross-reactive immune responses
Authors: Zhou Runhong , To Kelvin Kai-Wang , Peng Qiaoli , Chan Jacky Man-Chun , Huang Haode , Yang Dawei , Lam Bosco Hoi-Shiu , Chuang Vivien Wai-Man , Cai Jian-Piao , Liu Na , Au Ka-Kit , Tsang Owen Tak-Yin , Yuen Kwok-Yung , Chen Zhiwei 
Published: December 2021

SUMMARYHighly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has posted a new crisis for COVID-19 pandemic control. Within a month, Omicron is dominating over Delta variant in several countries probably due to immune evasion. It remains unclear whether vaccine-induced memory responses can be recalled by Omicron infection. Here, we investigated host immune responses in the first vaccine-breakthrough case of Omicron infection in Hong Kong. We found that the breakthrough infection rapidly recruited potent cross-reactive broad neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against current VOCs, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron, from unmeasurable IC50 values to mean 1:2929 at around 9-12 days, which were higher than the mean peak IC50 values of BioNTech-vaccinees. Cross-reactive spike- and nucleocapsid-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses were detected. Similar results were also obtained in the second vaccine-breakthrough case of Omicron infection. Our preliminary findings may have timely implications to booster vaccine optimization and preventive strategies of pandemic control.
Recent selection is a major force driving cancer evolution
Authors: Gu Langyu , Yang Guofen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCancer is one of the most threatening diseases to humans. Understanding the evolution of cancer genes is helpful for therapy management. However, systematic investigation of the evolution of cancer driver genes is sparse. Using comparative genomic analysis, population genetics analysis and computational molecular evolutionary analysis, we detected the evolution of 568 cancer driver genes of 66 cancer types across the primate phylogeny (long timescale selection), and in modern human populations from the 1000 human genomics project (recent selection). We found that recent selection pressures, rather than long timescale selection, significantly affect the evolution of cancer driver genes in humans. Cancer driver genes related to morphological traits and local adaptation are under positive selection in different human populations. The African population showed the largest extent of divergence compared to other populations. It is worth noting that the corresponding cancer types of positively selected genes exhibited population-specific patterns, with the South Asian population possessing the least numbers of cancer types. This helps explain why the South Asian population usually has low cancer incidence rates. Population-specific patterns of cancer types whose driver genes are under positive selection also give clues to explain discrepancies of cancer incidence rates in different geographical populations, such as the high incidence rate of Wilms tumour in the African population and of Ewing’s sarcomas in the European population. Our findings are thus helpful for understanding cancer evolution and providing guidance for further precision medicine.
Eudesmol-A promising inhibitor for glucosyltransferase: Docking and Molecular dynamics study
Authors: N Shruthi , R Nithyashree , Elumalai Elakkiya , Gupta Krishna Kant 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe loss of natural teeth can be avoided by invoking the molecular signal behind teeth regeneration. The destruction of the connective tissues is mainly due to bacterial origin which reacts to dental caries, a multifactorial disease. Glycosyl transferase is the enzyme which is involved in the glycosidic linkage. Glucosyltransferase inactivation reduces dental caries. This enzyme is a crucial virulence factor of Streptococcus mutans, a major pathogen that causes dental caries. In this present work, screening was done with library of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules against the crystal structure of the target protein. Based on the predicted binding affinities, small molecules were selected and evaluated for their activity. Further, attempts were done to evaluate the toxicity of the lead compounds and compounds with no toxicity and good binding affinity were subjected for simulation and compared with reference complex. The potential energy of Glycosyl transferase-Eudesmol (proposed compound) (−1500 kj/mol) indicates its higher stability as compared to Glycosyl tranferase-G43 (reference) complex (−1100kj/mol).The inactives and actives compound for Glycosyl transferase was predicted from DeepScreening server.
Importance of linear combination modeling for quantification of Glutathione and GABA levels using Hadamard-edited MRS
Authors: Song Yulu , Zöllner Helge J. , Hui Steve C.N. , Oeltzschner Georg , Prisciandaro James J. , Edden Richard A.E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeTwo main approaches are used for spectral analysis of edited data: simple peak fitting and linear combination modeling (LCM) with a simulated basis set. Recent consensus recommended LCM as the method of choice for the spectral analysis of edited data. The aim of this study is to compare the performance of simple peak fitting and LCM in a test-retest dataset, hypothesizing that the more sophisticated LCM approach will improve quantification of HERMES data compared with simple peak fitting.MethodsA test-retest dataset was re-analyzed using Gannet (simple peak fitting) and Osprey (LCM). These data were obtained from the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex of twelve healthy volunteers, with TE 80 ms for HERMES and TE 120 ms for MEGA-PRESS of glutathione (GSH). Within-subject coefficients of variance (CVs) were calculated to quantify between-scan reproducibility of each metabolite estimate.ResultsThe reproducibility of HERMES GSH estimates was substantially improved using LCM compared to simple peak fitting, from a CV of 19.0% to 9.9%. For MEGA-PRESS data, the GSH reproducibility was similar using LCM and simple peak fitting, with CVs of 7.3% and 8.8% respectively.ConclusionLinear combination modeling with simulated basis functions substantially improves the reproducibility of GSH quantification for HERMES data.
Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) on water quality and growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) in the biofloc system with a salinity of 5‰
Authors: Huang Hai-Hong , Li Chao-Yun , Liang Tao , Lei Yan-Ju , Yang Pin-Hong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) on the water quality and shrimp growth performance during the grow-out culture of Litopenaeus vannamei in the biofloc system under a low salinity condition. Three biofloc treatments with an C:N (contained in the inputted feed and carbon source with the assumption that 75% of the feed nitrogen is excreted) of 8:1 (CN8), 16:1 (CN16) and 24:1 (CN24), respectively, were designed to stocking shrimp juveniles (~ 0.8 g) at a density of 270 individuals m-3, for a 63-days culture experiment at a salinity of about 5‰. Results showed that in CN8 treatment, the levels of pH (6.9±0.1), carbonate alkalinity (104.0±2.8mg L-1 CaCO3), biofloc volume (4.8±0.9mL L-1) and TSS (327.4±24.4mg L-1) were significantly lower than those in the other two treatments (≥7.6±0.3, ≥157.6±21.6mg L-1 CaCO3, ≥24.1±3.7mL L-1 and ≥508.1±32.3mg L-1, P<0.05); whereas the levels of TAN (7.1±0.9mg L-1), nitrite (14.0±3.6mg L-1) and nitrate (77.0±5.0mg L-1) were significantly higher than those in the other treatments (≤2.0±0.6mg L-1, ≤4.9±3.1mg L-1 and ≤14.7±5.9mg L-1, P<0.05). The zootechnical parameters of shrimp were not significantly different between three treatments (P>0.05), except that the survival rates in CN16 treatment (96.8±2.0%) and CN24 treatment (93.7±4.2%) were significantly higher than that of CN8 treatment (81.5±6.4%, P<0.05). The results indicated that an inputted C:N higher than 16:1 was suitable for the biofloc system with a low salinity of 5‰, with an optimal inferred C:N range of 18.5-21.0:1 for water quality and growth performance.
Traumatic brain injury alters dendritic cell differentiation and distribution in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs
Authors: Tsymbalyuk Orest , Gerzanich Volodymyr , Simard J Marc , Rathinam Chozha Vendan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPathophysiological consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) mediated secondary injury remain incompletely understood. In particular, the impact of TBI on the differentiation and maintenance of dendritic cells (DCs), remains completely unknown. Here, we report that DC-differentiation, maintenance and functions are altered at both early and late phases of TBI. Our studies identify that; 1. frequencies and absolute numbers of DCs in the spleen and BM are altered at both acute and late phases of TBI; 2. surface expression of key molecules involved in antigen presentation of DCs were affected both at early and late phases of TBI; 3. distribution and functions of tissue-specific DC subsets of both circulatory and lymphatic systems were imbalanced following TBI; 4. early differentiation program of DCs, especially the commitment of hematopoietic stem cells to common DC progenitors, were deregulated after TBI; and 5. intracellular ROS levels were reduced in DC progenitors and differentiated DCs at both early and late phases of TBI. Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that TBI affects the distribution pattern of DCs and induces an imbalance among DC subsets in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. In addition, the current study demonstrates that TBI results in reduced levels of ROS in DCs at both early and late phases of TBI, which may explain altered DC differentiation paradigm following TBI. A deeper understanding on the molecular mechanisms that contribute to DC defects following TBI would be essential and beneficial in treating infections in patients with acute central nervous system (CNS) injuries.
Farmers' perception and preference of Islamic Banking in Turkey
Authors: Bulut Mehmet , Celik Harun 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence farmers' preference for the use of Islamic banks in Turkey and to investigate their knowledge level and perception about Islamic finance.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data used in this study is obtained by drawing a sample of 1902 farmers who are members of the Agricultural Credit Cooperatives Union (ACCU) from 37 provinces of Turkey. Pearson's Chi-square test is used to analyze the association between the demographic features of farmers, conventional bank usage and Islamic bank usage. Binary logistic regression model is used to estimate the factors influencing the preference for Islamic banks. Explanatory variables include knowledge on Islamic banking and finance, perception of compliance to religion, saving ability and cost concern along with the control variables of Islamic bank branch number in the region and age of respondent. Robustness check is conducted via alternative models using ordinary least squares (OLS) and logistic regression.FindingsLess than 10% of the participant farmers use Islamic banks and 59% declare they know nothing about Islamic banking. Age, education level, income level, nonagricultural income level, saving ability, duration of working in agriculture, land size and region are significantly related to farmers' preference of using Islamic banks. Knowledge level, perception of religious compliance, saving ability and cost concern are statistically significant factors that influence the probability of using Islamic banks.Research limitations/implicationsThis study does not include the analysis of the relationship between being religious and using Islamic banks because questions related to the assessment of religious practice were excluded due to the ACCU's sensitivity to investigate personal beliefs. Therefore, future studies can expand the scope of this research by investigating religiousness. The sample is chosen from the ACCU members who are already benefiting from a formal source of credit; therefore, the results should not be attributed to all farmers.Practical implicationsIslamic banks and microfinance institutions' further engagement in the agricultural sector and ACCU's implementation of Islamic finance instruments.Social implicationsIslamic banks' further diversification in the agricultural sector and ACCU's implementation of Islamic finance instruments.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first to investigate the farmers' perception and preference of Islamic banking in Turkey. The sample size of 1902 is much larger and geographically diversified compared to studies in agricultural finance. This study will be valuable for the agricultural finance empirical studies in Turkey as well as an important addition to the emerging literature on Islamic finance.
Some results on quadratic credibility premium using the balanced loss function
Authors: Metiri Farouk , Zeghdoudi Halim , Saadoun Ahmed 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis paper generalizes the quadratic framework introduced by Le Courtois (2016) and Sumpf (2018), to obtain new credibility premiums in the balanced case, i.e. under the balanced squared error loss function. More precisely, the authors construct a quadratic credibility framework under the net quadratic loss function where premiums are estimated based on the values of past observations and of past squared observations under the parametric and the non-parametric approaches, this framework is useful for the practitioner who wants to explicitly take into account higher order (cross) moments of past data.Design/methodology/approachIn the actuarial field, credibility theory is an empirical model used to calculate the premium. One of the crucial tasks of the actuary in the insurance company is to design a tariff structure that will fairly distribute the burden of claims among insureds. In this work, the authors use the weighted balanced loss function (WBLF, henceforth) to obtain new credibility premiums, and WBLF is a generalized loss function introduced by Zellner (1994) (see Gupta and Berger (1994), pp. 371-390) which appears also in Dey et al. (1999) and Farsipour and Asgharzadhe (2004).FindingsThe authors declare that there is no conflict of interest and the funding information is not applicable.Research limitations/implicationsThis work is motivated by the following: quadratic credibility premium under the balanced loss function is useful for the practitioner who wants to explicitly take into account higher order (cross) moments and new effects such as the clustering effect to finding a premium more credible and more precise, which arranges both parts: the insurer and the insured. Also, it is easy to apply for parametric and non-parametric approaches. In addition, the formulas of the parametric (Poisson–gamma case) and the non-parametric approach are simple in form and may be used to find a more flexible premium in many special cases. On the other hand, this work neglects the semi-parametric approach because it is rarely used by practitioners.Practical implicationsThere are several examples of actuarial science (credibility).Originality/valueIn this paper, the authors used the WBLF and a quadratic adjustment to obtain new credibility premiums. More precisely, the authors construct a quadratic credibility framework under the net quadratic loss function where premiums are estimated based on the values of past observations and of past squared observations under the parametric and the non-parametric approaches, this framework is useful for the practitioner who wants to explicitly take into account higher order (cross) moments of past data.
A systematic literature review of open innovation in small and medium enterprises in the past decade
Authors: Sikandar Huma , Abdul Kohar Umar Haiyat 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
There is a growing trend of open innovation (OI) in small and middle enterprises (SMEs) these days, yet the implementation of OI in SMEs is a challenge because of their financial and resource constraints. This study aims to identify and analyze the past trends, barriers and outcomes and major factors influencing the implementation of OI in SMEs.

Design/methodology/approach
This review is based on 40 published articles from the Scopus database. It selects highly cited papers published from 2010 to 2019. The PRISMA statement template is used to explain the overall process of selection and rejections of the relevant articles.

Findings
The study contributes in two ways. First, through a comprehensive literature review, the authors highlight the overall development of the concept of OI in the literature over the past 10 years and highlight the findings of the significant studies. Second, the authors provide detailed representations of the OI literature by calculating yearly publications and identifying the SMEs which mostly implement OI practices, journals that publish a relevant article, OI-related publications in different disciplines and geographical locations in which most of the OI studies have been conducted. The study also reveals the most cited articles, journals and authors.

Originality/value
The authors conclude this paper with the argument that although much research has been done in the OI field, still there is a need to establish tools, models and methods that could facilitate SMEs in OI, especially for developing economies.