bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet and neutrophil responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in human whole blood
Authors: Chen William A. , Fletcher Hansel M. , Payne Kimberly J. , Aka Sheryl , Thornburg Melanie B. , Gheorghe Joseph D. , Safi Shahnaj Binte , Shavlik David , Oyoyo Udochukwu , Boskovic Danilo S. 
Published: April 2021

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a causative agent for periodontal disease. Binding of platelets to this gram‐negative anaerobe can regulate host hemostatic (thrombus forming) and immune (neutrophil interacting) responses during bacterial infection. Additionally, in response to bacterial pathogens neutrophils can release their DNA, forming highly prothrombotic neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which then further enhance platelet responses. This study evaluates the role of P. gingivalis on platelet expression of CD62P, platelet–neutrophil interactions, and labeled neutrophil‐associated DNA. Human whole blood was preincubated with varying P. gingivalis concentrations, with or without subsequent addition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Flow cytometry was employed to measure platelet expression of CD62P using PerCP‐anti‐CD61 and PE‐anti‐CD62P, platelet–neutrophil interactions using PerCP‐anti‐CD61 and FITC‐anti‐CD16, and the release of neutrophil DNA using FITC‐anti‐CD16 and Sytox Blue labeling. Preincubation with a high (6.25 × 106 CFU/mL) level of P. gingivalis significantly increased platelet expression of CD62P in ADP treated and untreated whole blood. In addition, platelet–neutrophil interactions were significantly increased after ADP stimulation, following 5–22 min preincubation of blood with high P. gingivalis CFU. However, in the absence of added ADP, platelet–neutrophil interactions increased in a manner dependent on the preincubation time with P. gingivalis. Moreover, after ADP addition, 16 min preincubation of whole blood with P. gingivalis led to increased labeling of neutrophil‐associated DNA. Taken together, the results suggest that the presence of P. gingivalis alters platelet and neutrophil responses to increase platelet activation, platelet interactions with neutrophils, and the level of neutrophil antimicrobial NETs.
Association between vitamin D status and allergen sensitization in pediatric subjects in the Balearic Islands
Authors: Segovia‐Ortí Raquel , Barceló Bennasar Antonia , De Sotto‐Esteban Diego , Sanchís Cortés Pilar , Pons Jaime 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionVitamin D has known effects on the immune system, and its deficiency has been associated with allergen sensitization.Material and methodsA retrospective study was performed to evaluate the association between 25(OH)vitamin D (25(OH)D) and specific IgE for the most frequent allergens in our area in children and adolescents. All subjects under 15 years of age with a determination of Phadiatop® or Phadiatop Infant® and close serum 25(OH)D determination were included, from 2012 to 2019. From this sample, demographic and analytical variables were collected: specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; dog and cat dander; grass, olive, and pellitory pollens; egg white; and cow milk; as well as complete blood count analysis and immunoglobulins.ResultsA total of 749 subjects were recruited. Clusters according to deficiency, insufficiency, or sufficiency of 25(OH)D showed an association with age, Phadiatop®, D. pteronyssinus, cat and dog dander specific IgE, and a higher frequency of positive allergen sensitization (P < .05). Logistic regression, compared with vitamin D levels of greater than 30 ng/mL after age adjustment, showed that deficient 25(OH)D was associated with D. pteronyssinus (OR 1.90; 95% CI, 1.25‐2.90) and dog dander (OR, 2.10; 1.10‐4.02); whereas insufficient 25(OH)D was associated with cat dander (OR, 2.46; 1.15‐5.28) and also with D. pteronyssinus (OR, 1.55; 1.06‐2.29) (P < .05). No associations were found between 25(OH) D levels and other analytical parameters.ConclusionVitamin D status is associated with sensitization to D. pteronyssinus, and cat and dog dander in children and adolescents, and also with a higher number of positive specific IgE.
The performance of the heart rate variability‐derived Newborn Infant Parasympathetic Evaluation Index as a measure of early postoperative pain and discomfort in infants—A prospective observational study
Authors: Verweij Laura M. , Kivits Jaap T. S. , Weber Frank 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe heart rate variability‐derived Newborn Infant Parasympathetic Evaluation (NIPE™) Index is a continuous noninvasive tool for the assessment of pain and discomfort in infants. Little is known about its performance in the early postoperative setting, where assessment of pain/discomfort is usually based on discontinuous observational scoring systems or personal experience of medical staff.AimsTo investigate the performance of the NIPE as a measure of early postoperative pain and/or discomfort in infants.MethodsThe potential of the NIPE to detect pain/discomfort, as assessed by two clinical scoring systems (FLACC and COMFORT‐B scale), was investigated in postoperative infants (0–2 years).ResultsReceiver operating curve (ROC) analyses investigating the power of the NIPE to distinguish between comfort and pain/discomfort, revealed areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.77 for the FLACC, 0.81 for the COMFORT‐B score, and 0.77 for a combination of FLACC & COMFORT‐B. Logistic regression analysis provided initial evidence that the NIPE is an independent predictor of a FLACC score ≥4 and/or a COMFORT‐B score ≥17, though R2 values were below .2. NIPE values associated with a FLACC ≥4 (48 [45–56]), a COMFORT‐B score ≥17 (47 [42–53]), and a FLACC ≥4 & COMFORT‐B ≥17 (47 [42–57]) were lower than NIPE values associated with a FLACC <4 (60 [53–68], 95% CI of difference −14 to −8, p < .0001), a COMFORT‐B score <17 (61 [54–68], 95% CI of difference −16 to −10, p < .0001), and a FLACC <4 & COMFORT‐B score <17 (60 [53–68], 95% CI of difference −15 to −8, p < .0001). We found no evidence of a predictive value of the NIPE regarding the occurrence of pain.ConclusionsThe NIPE detected pain and discomfort in infants after general anesthesia with reasonable areas under the ROC curve (±0.8), whereas it was not predictive of clinically detectable pain or discomfort.
Reasons for discontinuation of acute postoperative pain ketamine infusions: A retrospective case‐control study
Authors: Gil Laura V. , Mazzeffi Michael A. , Cai Yi , McLeod Whitney W. , Porter Steven B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate factors associated with early discontinuation of low‐dose ketamine infusions due to adverse drug events (ADEs).MethodsA retrospective, matched case‐control study of surgical patients who received low‐dose ketamine infusions for postoperative pain over 6 years was conducted. Forty‐seven study patients, who required early discontinuation of their infusion due to ADEs, were included and matched 1:1 with 47 controls, who did not experience ADEs, for a total of 94 patients. The two groups were compared based on surgery type, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, administration of specific perioperative anxiolytic, anesthetic, and analgesic medications, and use of regional anesthesia.ResultsOf the study patients, 44.7% underwent spine procedures (vs. 34% of controls), 27.6% underwent abdominal procedures (vs. 8.5% of controls), 19.2% underwent orthopedic procedures (vs. 46.8% of controls), and 8.5% underwent thoracic procedures (vs. 6.4% of controls). There were no statistically significant differences in ASA classification, pre‐operative gabapentinoid and antidepressant use, average ketamine infusion dose, or postoperative use of peripheral nerve catheters, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, muscle relaxants, and nonbenzodiazepine sleep aides. Study patients had higher rates of intra‐operative volatile anesthetic use (78.7% vs. 57.7%, p = 0.03) and more postoperative opioid patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA) use (53.2% vs. 29.8%, p = 0.02) than controls. Control patients had higher rates of preoperative opioid use (76.7% vs. 53.2%, p = 0.02) and premedication with midazolam (89.4% vs. 70.2%, p = 0.02) than study patients.ConclusionPatients who required discontinuation of their low‐dose ketamine infusion due to ADEs were more likely to be opioid naïve, received less pre‐operative benzodiazepines, and had greater postoperative opioid PCA requirements. Control patients, on the other hand, had higher rates of pre‐operative opioid use and experienced fewer ADEs despite greater total ketamine doses.
Cytokinin glucosyl transferases, key regulators of cytokinin homeostasis, have potential value for wheat improvement
Authors: Chen Lei , Zhao Jing , Song Jiancheng , Jameson Paula E. 
Published: April 2021

SummaryThe cytokinins, which are N6‐substituted adenine derivatives, control key aspects of crop productivity. Cytokinin levels are controlled via biosynthesis by isopentenyl transferase (IPT), destruction by cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX), and inactivation via glucosylation by cytokinin glucosyl transferases (CGTs). While both yield components and tolerance to drought and related abiotic stressors have been positively addressed via manipulation of IPT and/or CKX expression, much less attention has been paid to the CGTs. As naming of the CGTs has been unclear, we suggest COGT, CNGT, CONGT and CNOGT to describe the O‐, N‐ and dual function CGTs. As specific CGT mutants of both rice and arabidopsis showed impacts on yield components, we interrogated the wheat genome database, IWGSC RefSeq v1.0 & v2.0, to investigate wheat CGTs. Besides providing unambiguous names for the 53 wheat CGTs, we show their expression patterns in 70 developmental tissues and their response characteristics to various stress conditions by reviewing more than 1000 RNA‐seq data sets. These revealed various patterns of responses and showed expression generally being more limited in reproductive tissues than in vegetative tissues. Multiple cis‐regulatory elements are present in the 3 kb upstream of the start codons of the 53 CGTs. Elements associated with abscisic acid, light and methyl jasmonate are particularly over‐represented, indicative of the responsiveness of CGTs to the environment. These data sets indicate that CGTs have potential value for wheat improvement and that these could be targeted in TILLING or gene editing wheat breeding programmes.
Immunoproteomic analysis of fish ectoparasite, Argulus siamensis antigens
Authors: Das Priyanka , Badhe Mohan R. , Sahoo Pramoda Kumar , Reddy Raudu Rajendra Kumar , Suryawanshi Amol R. , Mohanty Jyotirmaya 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimAn immunoproteomic approach was followed to identify immunoreactive antigens of fish ectoparasite, Argulus siamensis with rohu (Labeo rohita) immune sera for screening of potential vaccine candidates.Materials and resultsThe whole adult Argulus antigen was run in 2D electrophoresis with IEF in 7 cm IPG strips of pH 4‐7 and SDS‐PAGE with 12% acrylamide concentration. Two parallel gels were run; one was stained with silver stain, and the other was Western blotted to nitrocellulose paper (NCP) and reacted with rohu anti‐A siamensis sera. Fourteen protein spots corresponding to the spots developed in NCP were picked from the silver‐stained gel and subjected to mass spectrometry in MALDI‐TOF/TOF. The MS/MS spectra were analysed in MASCOT software with taxonomy ‘other metazoa’ and the proteins identified based on similarity with the proteins from heterologous species. The gene ontology analysis revealed a majority of proteins being involved in binding activity in ‘molecular function’ and belonging to metabolic processes in ‘biologic process’ categories. The possibility of these proteins as vaccine candidates against A siamensis is discussed in the paper.ConclusionThree of the identified proteins namely, bromodomain‐containing protein, anaphase‐promoting complex subunit 5 and elongation factor‐2 could possibly serve as vaccine candidates against argulosis in carps.
Exposure and Aversion to Human Transmissible Diseases Predict Conservative Ideological and Partisan Preferences
Authors: O'Shea Brian A. , Vitriol Joseph A. , Federico Christopher M. , Appleby Jacob , Williams Allison L. 
Published: April 2021

The objective prevalence of and subjective vulnerability to infectious diseases are associated with greater ingroup preference, conformity, and traditionalism. However, evidence directly testing the link between infectious diseases and political ideology and partisanship is lacking. Across four studies, including a large sample representative of the U.S. population (N > 12,000), we demonstrate that higher environmental levels of human transmissible diseases and avoidance of germs from human carriers predict conservative ideological and partisan preferences. During the COVID‐19 pandemic (N = 848), we replicated this germ aversion finding and determined that these conservative preferences were primarily driven by avoidance of germs from outgroups (foreigners) rather than ingroups (locals). Moreover, socially conservative individuals expressed lower concerns of being susceptible to contracting infectious diseases during the pandemic and worried less about COVID‐19. These effects were robust to individual‐level and state‐level controls. We discuss these findings in light of theory on parasite stress and the behavioral immune system and with regard to the political implications of the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Long‐time asymptotic behavior of the fifth‐order modified KdV equation in low regularity spaces
Authors: Liu Nan , Chen Mingjuan , Guo Boling 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBased on the nonlinear steepest descent method of Deift and Zhou for oscillatory Riemann–Hilbert problems and the Dbar approach, the long‐time asymptotic behavior of solutions to the fifth‐order modified KdV (Korteweg–de Vries) equation on the line is studied in the case of initial conditions that belong to some weighted Sobolev spaces. Using techniques in Fourier analysis and the idea of the ‐method, we give its global well‐posedness in lower regularity Sobolev spaces and then obtain the asymptotic behavior in these spaces with weights.
Dynamics of the predator–prey model with the Sigmoid functional response
Authors: Chen Xianfeng , Zhang Xiang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFor the predator–prey model with the Sigmoid functional response, the known result is on the global stability of its positive equilibrium when it is locally stable. Here, we characterize existence of particular type of limit cycles using qualitative theory and geometric singular perturbation methods. The main results are as follows. If the positive equilibrium exists and is a weak focus, it is a stable weak focus of order 1. The positive equilibrium is unique, and it is either globally stable or unstable and there exists a limit cycle surrounding it. The limit cycle could be a canard cycle without head, or a canard cycle with head, or a relaxation oscillation. The system could present canard explosions consecutively two times, which first births from one canard point, via relaxation oscillation for a large range of parameter values, and then there exhibits an inverse canard explosion and disappears at another canard point with the parameter variation.
Improving the quality of care for patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Neyra Javier A. , Kashani Kianoush 
Published: April 2021

AbstractContinuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is the preferred extracorporeal kidney support therapy employed to support critically ill patients with acute or chronic kidney dysfunction in intensive care units. Significant heterogeneity in CRRT practice exists in part due to variable logistics, resources, and scarcity of evidence‐based CRRT practices. Importantly, homogenization of practice patterns by developing substantial evidence and effective dissemination among providers is essential for optimizing CRRT practices. The emphasis on quality of CRRT delivery has prompted identification of potential quality indicators, development of multifaceted quality improvement initiatives, effective computer science utilization, and a surge of multidisciplinary quality assurance teams that advocate for “best” CRRT practices. This manuscript provides an overview of quality improvement methodologies and reviews candidate quality indicators of CRRT and the impact of quality improvement on enhancing CRRT delivery practices.
Accumulation patterns of sedentary time and breaks and their association with cardiometabolic health markers in adults
Authors: Farrahi Vahid , Kangas Maarit , Kiviniemi Antti , Puukka Katri , Korpelainen Raija , Jämsä Timo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBreaking up sedentary time with physical activity (PA) could modify the detrimental cardiometabolic health effects of sedentary time. Our aim was to identify profiles according to distinct accumulation patterns of sedentary time and breaks in adults, and to investigate how these profiles are associated with cardiometabolic outcomes. Participants (n = 4439) of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 at age 46 years wore a hip‐worn accelerometer for 7 consecutive days during waking hours. Uninterrupted ≥1‐min sedentary bouts were identified, and non‐sedentary bouts in between two consecutive sedentary bouts were considered as sedentary breaks. K‐means clustering was performed with 65 variables characterizing how sedentary time was accumulated and interrupted. Linear regression was used to determine the association of accumulation patterns with cardiometabolic health markers. Four distinct groups were formed as follows: “Couch potatoes” (n = 1222), “Prolonged sitters” (n = 1179), “Shortened sitters” (n = 1529), and “Breakers” (n = 509). Couch potatoes had the highest level of sedentariness and the shortest sedentary breaks. Prolonged sitters, accumulating sedentary time in bouts of ≥15–30 min, had no differences in cardiometabolic outcomes compared with Couch potatoes. Shortened sitters accumulated sedentary time in bouts lasting <15 min and performed more light‐intensity PA in their sedentary breaks, and Breakers performed more light‐intensity and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA. These latter two profiles had lower levels of adiposity, blood lipids, and insulin sensitivity, compared with Couch potatoes (1.1–25.0% lower values depending on the cardiometabolic health outcome, group, and adjustments for potential confounders). Avoiding uninterrupted sedentary time with any active behavior from light‐intensity upwards could be beneficial for cardiometabolic health in adults.
The flexibility of metabolic interactions between chloroplasts and mitochondria in Nicotiana tabacum leaf
Authors: Alber Nicole A. , Vanlerberghe Greg C. 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARYTo examine the effect of mitochondrial function on photosynthesis, wild‐type and transgenic Nicotiana tabacum with varying amounts of alternative oxidase (AOX) were treated with different respiratory inhibitors. Initially, each inhibitor increased the reduction state of the chloroplast electron transport chain, most severely in AOX knockdowns and least severely in AOX overexpressors. This indicated that the mitochondrion was a necessary sink for photo‐generated reductant, contributing to the ‘P700 oxidation capacity’ of photosystem I. Initially, the Complex III inhibitor myxothiazol and the mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin caused an increase in photosystem II regulated non‐photochemical quenching not evident with the Complex III inhibitor antimycin A (AA). This indicated that the increased quenching depended upon AA‐sensitive cyclic electron transport (CET). Following 12 h with oligomycin, the reduction state of the chloroplast electron transport chain recovered in all plant lines. Recovery was associated with large increases in the protein amount of chloroplast ATP synthase and mitochondrial uncoupling protein. This increased the capacity for photophosphorylation in the absence of oxidative phosphorylation and enabled the mitochondrion to act again as a sink for photo‐generated reductant. Comparing the AA and myxothiazol treatments at 12 h showed that CET optimized photosystem I quantum yield, depending upon the P700 oxidation capacity. When this capacity was too high, CET drew electrons away from other sinks, moderating the P700+ amount. When P700 oxidation capacity was too low, CET acted as an electron overflow, moderating the amount of reduced P700. This study reveals flexible chloroplast–mitochondrion interactions able to overcome lesions in energy metabolism.
Multidisciplinary management of anti‐PP1Pk or anti‐P alloimmunization during pregnancy: A new case with anti‐P and a literature review
Authors: Lépine Marlène Sohier , Goua Valérie , Debouverie Odile Souchaud , Giraud Christine , Rafat Cédric , Thonier Vincent , Masmouhi Badrdine El , Ndour Cécile Toly , Huguet‐Jacquot Stéphanie , Mailloux Agnès , Cortey Anne , Jouannic Jean‐Marie , Maisonneuve Emeline 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundRed blood cell alloimmunization is the first cause of fetal and neonatal anemia. Alloimmunizations with anti‐PP1Pk or anti‐P can cause recurrent miscarriages and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. We report on a pregnant patient immunized with anti‐P and a history of recurrent miscarriages.Case ReportThis P2k (GLOB:‐1; P1PK:‐1,3) patient had a first pregnancy marked by a caesarean at 38 weeks of gestation (WG) for non‐reassuring fetal heart rate. Then, she had three early spontaneous miscarriages. The fifth pregnancy began with a high titer of anti‐P at 128. Early initiation of treatment with Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIg) and plasma exchanges (PE) starting at 5 WG permitted us to reduce the titer of anti‐P below 32. A healthy infant was delivered by caesarean at 38 WG without anemia at birth and no exchange transfusion was required.Discussion and Review of the LiteratureThe P and Pk antigens are expressed on placental, trophoblastic, and embryonic cells. This explains why P1k (GLOB:‐1; P1PK:1,3), P2k (GLOB:‐1; P1PK:‐1,3), or Tj(a‐)/p (GLOB:‐1; P1PK:‐1,‐3) patients are prone to recurrent abortions in the first trimester of pregnancy. A literature review demonstrated 87% (68/78) of miscarriages in p patients. However, publication biases are possible with the most severe cases being reported.ConclusionImmunizations to P and PP1Pk antigens differ from others in their physiopathology and precocity. The association of PE and IVIg seems to be an effective treatment in the management of anti‐PP1Pk or anti‐P fetomaternal incompatibilities.
Self-Causation and Unity in Stoicism
Authors: Helle Reier 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
According to the Stoics, ordinary unified bodies—animals, plants, and inanimate natural bodies—each have a single cause of unity and being: pneuma. Pneuma itself has no distinct cause of unity; on the contrary, it acts as a cause of unity and being for itself. In this paper, I show how pneuma is supposed to be able to unify itself and other bodies in virtue of its characteristic tensile motion (τονικὴ κίνησις). Thus, we will see how the Stoics could have hoped to account for corporeal unity by positing another body (pneuma) apparently itself in need of unification.