bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel approaches to circumvent the devastating effects of pests on sugarcane
Authors: Qamar Zahida , Nasir Idrees Ahmad , Abouhaidar Mounir G. , Hefferon Kathleen L. , Rao Abdul Qayyum , Latif Ayesha , Ali Qurban , Anwar Saima , Rashid Bushra , Shahid Ahmad Ali 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSugarcane (Saccharum officinarumL.) is a cash crop grown commercially for its higher amounts of sucrose, stored within the mature internodes of the stem. Numerous studies have been done for the resistance development against biotic and abiotic stresses to save the sucrose yields. Quality and yield of sugarcane production is always threatened by the damages of cane borers and weeds. In current study two problems were better addressed through the genetic modification of sugarcane for provision of resistance against insects and weedicide via the expression of two modified cane borer resistant CEMB-Cry1Ac (1.8 kb), CEMB-Cry2A (1.9 kb) and one glyphosate tolerant CEMB-GTGene (1.4 kb) genes, driven by maize Ubiquitin Promoter and nos terminator. Insect Bio-toxicity assays were carried out for the assessment ofCryproteins through mortality percent of shoot borerChilo infuscatellusat 2nd instar larvae stage. During V0, V1and V2generations young leaves from the transgenic sugarcane plants were collected at plant age of 20, 40, 60, 80 days and fed to theChilo infuscatelluslarvae. Up to 100% mortality ofChilo infuscatellusfrom 80 days old transgenic plants of V2generation indicated that these transgenic plants were highly resistant against shoot borer and the gene expression level is sufficient to provide complete resistance against target pests. Glyphosate spray assay was carried out for complete removal of weeds. In V1-generation, 70–76% transgenic sugarcane plants were found tolerant against glyphosate spray (3000 mL/ha) under field conditions. While in V2-generation, the replicates of five selected lines 4L/2, 5L/5, 6L/5, L8/4, and L9/6 were found 100% tolerant against 3000 mL/ha glyphosate spray. It is evident from current study that CEMB-GTGene, CEMB-Cry1Ac and CEMB-Cry2A genes expression in sugarcane variety CPF-246 showed an efficient resistance against cane borers (Chilo infuscatellus) and was also highly tolerant against glyphosate spray. The selected transgenic sugarcane lines showed sustainable resistance against cane borer and glyphosate spray can be further exploited at farmer’s field level after fulfilling the biosafety requirements to boost the sugarcane production in the country.
Inter-individual body mass variations relate to fractionated functional brain hierarchies
Authors: Park Bo-yong , Park Hyunjin , Morys Filip , Kim Mansu , Byeon Kyoungseob , Lee Hyebin , Kim Se-Hong , Valk Sofie L. , Dagher Alain , Bernhardt Boris C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractVariations in body mass index (BMI) have been suggested to relate to atypical brain organization, yet connectome-level substrates of BMI and their neurobiological underpinnings remain unclear. Studying 325 healthy young adults, we examined associations between functional connectivity and inter-individual BMI variations. We utilized non-linear connectome manifold learning techniques to represent macroscale functional organization along continuous hierarchical axes that dissociate low level and higher order brain systems. We observed an increased differentiation between unimodal and heteromodal association networks in individuals with higher BMI, indicative of a disrupted modular architecture and hierarchy of the brain. Transcriptomic decoding and gene enrichment analyses identified genes previously implicated in genome-wide associations to BMI and specific cortical, striatal, and cerebellar cell types. These findings illustrate functional connectome substrates of BMI variations in healthy young adults and point to potential molecular associations.
Self-healing liquid metal composite for reconfigurable and recyclable soft electronics
Authors: Tutika Ravi , Haque A. B. M. Tahidul , Bartlett Michael D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSoft electronics and robotics are in increasing demand for diverse applications. However, soft devices typically lack rigid enclosures which can increase their susceptibility to damage and lead to failure and premature disposal. This creates a need for soft and stretchable functional materials with resilient and regenerative properties. Here we show a liquid metal-elastomer-plasticizer composite for soft electronics with robust circuitry that is self-healing, reconfigurable, and ultimately recyclable. This is achieved through an embossing technique for on-demand formation of conductive liquid metal networks which can be reprocessed to rewire or completely recycle the soft electronic composite. These skin-like electronics stretch to 1200% strain with minimal change in electrical resistance, sustain numerous damage events under load without losing electrical conductivity, and are recycled to generate new devices at the end of life. These soft composites with adaptive liquid metal microstructures can find broad use for soft electronics and robotics with improved lifetime and recyclability.
Energy-storage performance of NaNbO3 based multilayered capacitors
Authors: Zhu Li-Feng , Yan Yongke , Leng Haoyang , Li Xiaotian , Cheng Li-Qian , Priya Shashank 
Published: June 2021

Energy-storage performances of NaNbO3 system were effectively enhanced by composition engineering inducing relaxor behavior and grain refinement. Excellent Wrec = 3.7 J cm−3 and η = 82.1% were achieved in the NN-0.04CZ-0.16BNT multilayer capacitors.
Alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio as a novel predictor of long-term adverse outcomes in coronary artery disease patients who underwent PCI
Authors: Dai Xin-Ya , Zheng Ying-Ying , Tang Jun-Nan , Wang Wei , Guo Qian-Qian , Yin Shan-Shan , Zhang Jian-Chao , Cheng Meng-Die , Song Feng-Hua , Liu Zhi-Yu , Wang Kai , Jiang Li-Zhu , Fan Lei , Yue Xiao-Ting , Bai Yan , Zhang Zeng-Lei , Zheng Ru-Jie , Zhang Jin-Ying 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and albumin (ALB) have been shown to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), and it has been reported that alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio (AAR) is associated with the liver damage and poorer prognosis of patients with digestive system malignancy. Moreover, several previous studies showed that there was a higher incidence of malignancy in CAD patients. However, to our knowledge, the relationship between AAR and long-term adverse outcomes in CAD patients after undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been investigated. Therefore, we aim to access the relation between AAR and long-term adverse outcomes in post-PCI patients with CAD.
Methods: A total of 3378 post-PCI patients with CAD were enrolled in the retrospective Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factors of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease after PCI (CORFCHD-ZZ) study from January 2013 to December 2017. The median duration of follow-up was 37.59 ± 22.24 months. The primary end point was long-term mortality including all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiac mortality (CM). The secondary end points were major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs).
Results: Kaplan–Meier analyses showed that an increased AAR was positively correlated with incidences of long-term ACM (log-rank, P=0.014), CM (log-rank, P=0.011), MACEs (log-rank, P=0.013) and MACCEs (log-rank, P=0.006). Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the elevated AAR was an independent predictor of long-term ACM (adjusted HR = 1.488 [1.031–2.149], P=0.034), CM (adjusted HR = 1.837 [1.141–2.959], P=0.012), MACEs (adjusted HR = 1.257 [1.018–1.551], P=0.033) and MACCEs (adjusted HR = 1.237 [1.029–1.486], P=0.024).
Conclusion: An elevated AAR is a novel independent predictor of long-term adverse outcomes in CAD patients following PCI.
Ecological Intervention for Stuttering in School-Age Children: A Collaborative Approach for School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists and Mental Health Providers
Authors: Hoff Steven E. , Unger Julia P. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Stuttering can have a significant detrimental effect on the overall well-being of children, including anxiety, stigma, and adverse impact on the development of healthy social relationships. This clinical focus article proposes a collaborative, ecological model of stuttering intervention consistent with interprofessional practice that combines the expertise of the speech-language pathologist and school-based mental health provider to support fluency and social–emotional health for school-age children who stutter. The literature in the fields of speech pathology and mental health interventions was summarized to provide the underlying evidence base for such a collaborative approach.

Conclusions
While collaborative approaches are recommended as best practice for stuttering, there is scant evidence in the literature of such approaches being used. An ecological, collaborative framework will enable practitioners to help teachers, parents, and others address speech disfluency as well as the accompanying anxiety and avoidance that are pervasive in the lives of many children who stutter. Such an approach will help ensure that gains in the treatment room are carried across settings (i.e., transfer/generalization of skills) and will help children be better able to manage the challenges associated with stuttering to find success in the real world.
Diagnosing gait disorders based on angular variations of knee and ankle joints utilizing a developed wearable motion sensor
Authors: Akhavanhezaveh Ardalan , Abbasi‐Kesbi Reza 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHere, a sensory motion system is developed to diagnose gait disorders using the estimation of angular variations in the knee and ankle joints. The sensory system includes two transmitter sensors and a central node, where each transmitter comprises three sensors of accelerometer, gyroscopes, and magnetometer to estimate the angular movements in the ankle and knee joints. By using a proposed filter, the angular variation is estimated in a personal computer employing the raw data of the motion sensors that are sent by the central node. The obtained results of the presented filter in comparison to an actual reference illustrate that the root mean square error is less than 1.01, 1.34, and 1.61 degrees, respectively, for the angles of and and that illustrate an improvement of 40% than the previous work. Moreover, a quantity value is defined based on the correlation between knee and ankle angles that show the amount of correctness in gating. Thus, the proposed system can be utilized for people who suffer problems in gait and help them to improve their movements.
Scattering of an obliquely incident E− polarised plane wave from ensembles of slotted cylindrical cavities: A rigorous approach
Authors: Vinogradova Elena D. , Smith Paul D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA rigorous theory is developed for the multiple scattering analysis of an polarised plane wave from an ensemble of 2‐D slotted arbitrary cylinders. The Method of Analytical Regularisation, previously applied to the solution of scattering wave problems for isolated slotted cylinders, is generalised to problems incorporating ensembles of closed or slotted cylinders. Numerical calculations of the complex eigenvalues, factors and resonant current densities are performed for various configurations of two slotted circular or elliptical cavities, focussing on an accurate assessment of differing peculiarities of the mutual resonant electromagnetic coupling.
Simulating the Galactic multi-messenger emissions with HERMES
Authors: Dundovic A. , Evoli C. , Gaggero D. , Grasso D. 
Published: June 2021

Context. The study of nonthermal processes such as synchrotron emission, inverse Compton scattering, bremsstrahlung, and pion production is crucial to understanding the properties of the Galactic cosmic-ray population, to shed light on their origin and confinement mechanisms, and to assess the significance of exotic signals possibly associated to new physics.
Aims. We present a public code called HERMES which is designed generate sky maps associated to a variety of multi-messenger and multi-wavelength radiative processes, spanning from the radio domain all the way up to high-energy gamma-ray and neutrino production.
Methods. We describe the physical processes under consideration, the code concept and structure, and the user interface, with particular focus on the python-based interactive mode. In particular, present the modular and flexible design that allows the user to easily extend the numerical package according to their needs.
Results. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the code, we describe the details of a comprehensive set of sky maps and spectra associated to all physical processes included in the code. We comment in particular on the radio, gamma-ray, and neutrino maps, and mention the possibility of studying signals stemming from dark matter annihilation.
Conclusions. HERMES can be successfully applied to constrain the properties of the Galactic cosmic-ray population, improve our understanding of the diffuse Galactic radio, gamma-ray, and neutrino emission, and search for signals associated to particle dark matter annihilation or decay.
Herzinsuffizienzbehandlung in Integrierten Versorgungsmodellen nach § 140 SGB V
Authors: Gysan Detlef Bernd , Pfister Roman , Bansmann Martin , Kalkan Alev , Latz Volker , Scholl Maximilian , Perings Stefan 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDeutschlandweit werden über 20.000 Patienten in integrierten Herzinsuffizienz-Versorgungsmodellen betreut (Bundesverband Niedergelassener Kardiologen, persönliche Kommunikation, 16. Juli 2020). Durch eine damit einhergehende, leitliniengerechte Pharmakotherapie und regelmäßige Kontrolluntersuchungen lässt sich die Lebensqualität von herzinsuffizienten Patienten deutlich verbessern. Darüber hinaus lassen sich Krankenhauseinweisungen und daraus resultierend Kosten für die Krankenversicherungen minimieren. Eine enge Kooperation (in einem Netzwerk) zwischen Klinikkardiologen, niedergelassenen Kardiologen und Hausärzten ermöglicht eine optimale Herzinsuffizienz-Behandlung in allen Herzinsuffizienz-Schweregraden. Integrierte Versorgungmodelle wie CorBene oder KardioExpert tragen dazu bei, neben einer optimalen Patientenbetreuung, wissenschaftliche Auswertungen vorzunehmen und harte Endpunkte wie Re-Hospitalisierung oder kardiovaskuläre Mortalität zu reduzieren. Das hier
vorgestellte KHAD-Modell (Kölner Herzen Atmen durch") ist ein integriertes Versorgungsmodell in dem die aktuellen Leitlinienempfehlungen zur poststationären Versorgung von Herzinsuffizienzpatienten in der Region Köln umgesetzt werden sollen. Fast allen Krankenkassen unterstützen das Modell. Es nehmen alle Kölner Krankenhäuser und einige der niedergelassenen Kölner Kardiologen teil, um eine optimale Herzinsuffizienz-Versorgung gewährleisten zu können. Solche Modelle für eine Herzinsuffizienz-Betreuung könnten in allen deutschen Großstädten praktiziert werden. Zum Wohle der Patienten, zur Einsparung von Potenzialen bei den Krankenkassen, für eine angemessene Honorierung der behandelnden Ärzte und zur Entlastung der Krankenhäuser – ein Gewinn für unsere Patienten und alle Beteiligten im Gesundheitssystem.
Atriale Tachykardien nach Vorhofflimmerablation: Fluch oder Segen?
Authors: Müller-Edenborn Björn , Jadidi Amir , Arentz Thomas 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungNach Vorhofflimmerablation kann es neben Vorhofflimmerrezidiven auch zum Auftreten von
verschiedenen atrialen Tachykardien kommen. Obwohl bei atrialen Tachykardien eine regelmäßige
atriale Aktivierung vorliegt, sind diese Rhythmusstörungen für die Patienten häufig stark
symptomatisch und teils kaum medikamentös zu kontrollieren. Für eine individualisierte
Therapieplanung können anhand des Oberflächen-EKGs auch bei vielen vor-abladierten Patienten
rechts- von links-atrialen Tachykardien recht zuverlässig unterschieden werden. Die
Ablationsstrategie richtet sich nach dem Mechanismus der Tachykardie: Auffinden der frühesten
elektrischen Aktivierung und lokale Ablation bei fokalen Tachykardien oder lineare Ablation
zur Unterbindung des Reentry-Kreislaufs bei Makro-Reentry-Tachykardien. Speziell bei Patienten
mit ausgeprägter Vorhoffibrose ist der optimale Therapieansatz aber noch Gegenstand klinischer
Studien.
Katheterablation bei asymptomatischem Vorhofflimmern – Wer profitiert?
Authors: Hindricks Gerhard , Darma Angeliki 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Katheterablation von paroxysmalem oder persistierendem Vorhofflimmern hat sich in den
letzten Jahren als überlegene Therapiebehandlung zur Rhythmusstabilisierung gegenüber
Antiarrhythmika etabliert. Allerdings wird diese Behandlung nach den aktuellen Leitlinien nur
bei symptomatischen Patienten empfohlen. Ein großer Teil der Vorhofflimmerpatienten bleibt
jedoch asymptomatisch. Ältere Studien konnten keinen Vorteil bezüglich der Letalitäts- oder
Apoplexreduktion durch Rhythmusstabilisierung nachweisen. Eine aktuelle randomisierte Studie
zeigt erstmalig eine Reduktion der kardiovaskulären Ereignisse, aber nicht der
Gesamtletalität. Ist nach aktueller Datenlage eine Katheterablation im Falle von
asymptomatischen Patienten berechtigt und wer könnte davon profitieren?
Nicht invasive Vagusstimulation zur Behandlung von paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern: eine vielversprechende Alternative?
Authors: Steven Daniel , van den Bruck Jan-Hendrik , Wörmann Jonas , Filipovic Karlo , Dittrich Sebastian , Lüker Jakob , Sultan Arian 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungAutonome Dysbalance kann die Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Auftreten von paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern beeinflussen. Frühere Studien haben gezeigt, dass die Ablation autonomer Ganglien im linken Vorhof Rezidive von Vorhofflimmern reduzieren kann. Die bisherige Therapie von Vorhofflimmern besteht aus wenig effektiven medikamentösen Ansätzen und potenziell mit Risiken behafteten invasiven Verfahren, wie der katheterbasierten Isolation der Pulmonalvenen. Eine einfach durchzuführende nicht invasive Stimulation des N. vagus könnte eine mögliche Therapieoption sein. Die Effektivität dieses Verfahrens ist in einer kürzlich erschienenen randomisierten Arbeit mit einer relativ geringen Anzahl von Patienten untersucht worden. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Therapie und ordnet den Stellenwert perspektivisch ein.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety Profile of Anterior Thalamic Stimulation for Intractable Epilepsy
Authors: Sobstyl Michał , Stapińska-Syniec Angelika , Iwański Szczepan , Rylski Marcin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT DBS) is a neuromodulation therapy for patients with refractory partial seizures. The ANT is the structure of a limbic system with abundant neuronal connections to temporal and frontal brain regions that participate in seizure propagation circuitry.
State of the Art We have performed a literature search regarding the clinical efficacy of ANT DBS. We discuss the surgical technique of the implantation of DBS electrodes with special attention paid to the targeting methods of the ANT. Moreover, we present in detail the clinical efficacy of ANT DBS, with a special emphasis on the stimulation parameters, a stimulation mode, and polarity. We also report all adverse events and present the current limitations of ANT DBS.
Clinical Implications In general, the safety profile of DBS in intractable epilepsy patients is good, with a low rate of surgery, hardware-related, and stimulation-induced adverse events. No significant cognitive declines or worsening of depressive symptoms was noted. At long-term follow-up, the quality-of-life scores have improved. The limitations of ANT DBS studies include a limited number of patients treated and mostly open-label designs with only one double-blind, randomized multicenter trial. Most studies do not report the etiology of intractable epilepsy or they include nonhomogeneous groups of patients affected by intractable epilepsy. There are no guidelines for setting initial stimulation parameters. All the variables mentioned may have a profound impact on the final outcome.
Conclusions ANT DBS appears to be a safe and efficacious treatment, particularly in patients with refractory partial seizures (three-quarters of patients gained at least 50% seizure reduction after 5 years). ANT DBS reduces most effectively the seizures originating in the temporal and frontal lobes. The published results of ANT DBS highlight promise and hope for patients with intractable epilepsy.
A Study of Hormonal Receptors in Esophageal Carcinoma: Northeast Indian Tertiary Cancer Center Study
Authors: Kalita Deepjyoti , Bannoth Srinivas , Purkayastha Joydeep , Talukdar Abhijit , Das Gaurav , Singh Pritesh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Esophageal cancers, both squamous cell and adenocarcinoma, have poor outcomes with high morbidity and mortality. Our hospital-based registry for the year 2017 to 2018 showed that esophageal cancer constituted 22.7% of annual caseload. Most of our patients present in advanced stages. The aim of this article was to study the role of hormonal receptors in patients with esophageal cancer.
Methods This is a single-institution, prospective, observational study in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Hormonal receptors (estrogen receptor [ER]-α and progesterone receptors) were studied in tumor tissue. Of 160 patients, receptor status was analyzed in 133 patients. Chi-square test was used for the correlation of categorical variables. The value of p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results A total of 133 patients was taken into the study of which 96 were males and 37 were females. The mean age of patients was 52 years. Carcinoma esophagus was predominantly seen in males. Estrogen and progesterone receptors were positive in 9.02 and 4.51% of the study population, respectively. Patients with hormonal receptor positivity presented with poor functional status, higher grades of dysphagia, higher stage, and most of the tumors were poorly differentiated with statistically significant p-values.
Conclusion Despite recent advances in various fields of oncology, outcomes of esophageal carcinoma have not improved significantly. Hence, a study of new pathways of pathogenesis in carcinogenesis of esophageal carcinoma is essential. Few recent evidences including our study shows that the hormonal milieu is responsible in the pathogenesis of carcinoma esophagus. The utilization of this data and future study of the role of hormonal therapy might lead to improved outcomes in patients with carcinoma esophagus.
Pure Interstitial 7q21.3-q 31.1 Duplication: A Rare Segmental Genomic Aneuploidy: Case Report and Review of Cases with Distal and Similar Segment Involved
Authors: Di Nora Alessandra , Lena Germana , Giugno Andrea , Di Mari Alessia , Smilari Pierluigi , Minardi Carmelo , Pavone Piero 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn children with developmental delay (DD) and neurologic impairment, diagnosis can be challenging because of the wide spectrum of causes. Since the last decade, the use of array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) offered a great contribution to get a diagnosis in complex phenotypes. The chromosome 7 is subject of interest in medical genetics because of its frequent association with chromosome aberrations, rearrangements, and deletions involving clinical manifestations. We hereby reported a 3-year-old male child patient with severe neuro-DD, craniofacial dysmorphisms, and pulmonary stenosis, whose array CGH analysis disclosed a duplication of 14.4 Mb on chromosome 7 (7q21.3-7q31.1). By reviewing the current literature to date, we first reported on neurologic and dysmorphic anomalies related to this rearrangement which was not previously reported.