bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived effects of health status on sexual activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: a 5-year follow-up study
Authors: Rohde Gudrun , Berg Kari Hansen , Pripp Are Hugo , Haugeberg Glenn 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA) causes pain, fatigue, stiffness, loss of physical function, and poor health status, which can influence sexual activity and enjoyment. To explore whether patients with ax-SpA perceive that their health status effects their sexual activity and to identify predictors of these perceived effects on sexual activity after a 5-year follow-up. Data about demographics, disease, medication, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and sexual quality of life (SQOL) were collected at the baseline and 5-year follow-up. The perceived effect of health status on sexual activity was measured by question 15 in the 15D questionnaire. Data were analysed using the McNemar and independent paired t tests and logistic regression. In the 244 patients with ax-SpA (30% women, 70% men; mean age, 46 years), measures reflecting disease activity decreased and comorbidities increased, and more patients were treated with biological drugs at 5 years. Compared with patients whose health status had little/no effect on sexual activity (n = 200), those who perceived that their health status had a large effect on sexual activity (n = 44) were older, exercised less, fewer were employed, had more comorbidities, higher disease activity, and lower HRQOL and SQOL. The baseline predictors of a negative effect of health status on sexual activity were old age and low SQOL. Patients reporting that their health status had a large effect on sexual activity at 5 years were older, had more disease activity, and lower HRQOL and SQOL.
Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors vs. docetaxel chemotherapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive and first-line castration resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Hoeh Benedikt , Humke Clara , Cano Garcia Cristina , Siech Carolin , Steuber Thomas , Graefen Markus , Traumann Miriam , Kluth Luis , Chun Felix K. H. , Mandel Philipp 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
No currently available phase III trial compared docetaxel vs. androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) regarding cancer-control outcomes in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Moreover, few is known about the effect of sequential therapies in mHSPC and subsequent metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Methods
We relied on the FRAMCAP database and compared docetaxel vs. ARPI in mHSPC patients regarding time to mCRPC (ttCRPC) and overall survival (OS). Sensitivity analyses addressed high volume mHSPC patients. Finally, sequential therapies were compared regarding progression-free survival (PFS) and OS in first-line mCRPC.

Results
Of 419 included mHSPC patients, 25% received docetaxel vs. 75% ARPI. ARPI patients were significantly older (71 vs. 66 years), and harbored lower baseline PSA (38 vs. 183 ng/ml, both p ≤ 0.002). Median ttCRPC was significantly longer for ARPI than for docetaxel-treated patients (30 vs. 17 months, hazard ratio [HR]: 0.49, p < 0.001). In OS analyses, ARPI patients also exhibited significantly longer OS, relative to docetaxel patients (96 vs. 50 months, HR: 0.67, p = 0.03). After multivariable adjustment in Cox regression models, no difference between both treatments remained in both analyses (all p > 0.05). In sensitivity analyses of high volume mHSPC patients only, also no ttCRPC or OS differences were observed for ARPI vs. docetaxel (all p > 0.05). Regarding sequential therapies, no PFS and OS differences were observed for all and specifically high volume mHSPC patients, when ARPI-ARPI vs. ARPI-docetaxel vs. docetaxel-ARPI treatments were compared (all p > 0.05).

Conclusion
In real-world setting, ARPI treatment performs comparable to docetaxel chemotherapy in mHSPC. Therefore, docetaxel should only be used in triplet therapy. Moreover, no differences for sequential therapies of ARPI/docetaxel combinations in first-line mCRPC were observed.
Discovering Climate Change during the Early 21st Century via Wasserstein Stability Analysis
Authors: Xie Zhiang , Chen Dongwei , Li Puxi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractClimate change is an essential topic in climate science, and the accessibility of accurate, high-resolution datasets in recent years has facilitated the extraction of more insights from big-data resources. Nonetheless, current research predominantly focuses on mean-value changes and largely overlooks changes in the probability distribution. In this study, a novel method called Wasserstein Stability Analysis (WSA) is developed to identify probability density function (PDF) changes, especially the extreme event shift and nonlinear physical value constraint variation in climate change. WSA is applied to the early 21st century and compared with traditional mean-value trend analysis. The results indicate that despite no significant trend, the equatorial eastern Pacific experienced a decline in hot extremes and an increase in cold extremes, indicating a La Niña-like temperature shift. Further analysis at two Arctic locations suggests sea ice severely restricts the hot extremes of surface air temperature. This impact is diminishing as the sea ice melts. By revealing PDF shifts, WSA emerges as a powerful tool to re-examine climate change dynamics, providing enhanced data-driven insights for understanding climate evolution.
Strategic Global Deployment of Photovoltaic Technology: Balancing Economic Capacity and Decarbonization Potential
Authors: Peters Ian Marius 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the disparities in the deployment of photovoltaic (PV) technology for carbon emissions reduction across different nations, highlighting the mismatch between countries with high economic capacity and those where PV installation would maximize global decarbonization benefits. This mismatch is discussed based on three key factors influencing decarbonization via PV technology: per capita gross domestic product; carbon intensity of the energy system; and solar resource availability. Current PV deployment is predominantly concentrated in economically advanced countries, and does not coincide with regions where the environmental and economic impact of such installations would be most significant. Through a series of thought experiments, it is demonstrated how alternative prioritization strategies could significantly reduce global carbon emissions. Argument is put forward for a globally coordinated approach to PV deployment, particularly targeting high-impact sunbelt regions, to enhance the efficacy of decarbonization efforts and promote equitable energy access. The study underscores the need for international policies that support sustainable energy transitions in economically less developed regions through workforce development and assistance with the activation of capital.
Energy Meteorology for the Evaluation of Solar Farm Thermal Impacts on Desert Habitats
Authors: Coimbra Carlos F. M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis work addresses challenges and opportunities in the evaluation of solar power plant impacts, with a particular focus on thermal effects of solar plants on the environment and vice-versa. Large-scale solar power plants are often sited in arid or desert habitats, which tend to include fauna and flora that are highly sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity. Our understanding of both shortwave (solar) and longwave (terrestrial) radiation processes in solar power plants is complete enough to render the modeling of radiation fluxes with high confidence for most applications. In contrast to radiation, the convective environment in large-scale solar power plants is much more difficult to characterize. Wind direction, wind speed, turbulence intensity, dust concentration, ground condition, panel configuration density, orientation and distribution throughout the solar field, all affect the local environment, the balance between radiation and convection, and in turn, the performance and thermal impact of solar power plants. Because the temperatures of the two sides of photovoltaic (PV) panels depend on detailed convection–radiation balances, the uncertainty associated with convection affects the heat and mass transfer balances as well. Those balances are critically important in estimating the thermal impact of large-scale solar farms on local habitats. Here we discuss outstanding issues related with these transfer processes for utility-scale solar generation and highlight potential pathways to gain useful knowledge about the convective environment directly from solar farms under operating conditions.
Evaluation of the ETV success score and its predictive value in pediatric occlusive hydrocephalus: implications for patient counseling
Authors: Krause Matthias , Gräfe Daniel , Metzger Roman , Griessenauer Christoph J. , Gburek-Augustat Janina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV) is a well-established treatment for pediatric hydrocephalus, particularly in cases of aqueductal stenosis. The ETV Success Score (ETVSS) is a predictive tool widely used to estimate the likelihood of ETV success based on factors like age. Its accuracy, especially in infants under 3 months, is still debated.

Patients and methods
This study evaluates the age-dependency of ETV success in 54 pediatric patients compared to ETVSS predictions. Patients were divided into age and pathology groups according to Kulkarni. Success was defined according the ETVSS criteria. Minimum follow-up was 12 months and included MRI to demonstrate a flow void at the floor or the third ventricle.

Results
Our institutional data revealed a higher overall success rate SR (88%) compared to the ETVSS-predicted rate of 73%. Despite small numbers within subgroups, especially in very young children < 1 month, the success rate was higher than predicted by ETVSS.

Discussion
Our results show significantly higher actual SR across all age groups compared to ETVSS predictions (p = 0.035) when selected and performed by an experienced physician. The age groups > 1 year had significantly higher SR close to 100% (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0038, respectively). This suggests that ETV may be underutilized, particularly in infants, where predicted success rates are pessimistic.

Conclusion
ETVSS is a useful tool for counseling of parents, but differences in institution-specific outcomes should not be neglected. Depending on that, physicians might opt in favor of ETV as primary treatment in occlusive hydrocephalus of very young children, counterbalancing risks and sequalae of VP-shunting.
Advancements in immunotherapy for colorectal cancer treatment: a comprehensive review of strategies, challenges, and future prospective
Authors: Kaviyarasan Vaishak , Das Alakesh , Deka Dikshita , Saha Biki , Banerjee Antara , Sharma Neeta Raj , Duttaroy Asim K. , Pathak Surajit 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) continues to present significant challenges, particularly in patients with proficient mismatch repair/microsatellite stable (pMMR/MSS) tumors. This narrative review aims to provide recent developments in immunotherapy for CRC treatment, focusing on its efficacy and challenges.

Methods
This review discussed the various immunotherapeutic strategies for CRC treatment, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1 and PD-L1, combination therapies involving ICIs with other modalities, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) cell therapy, and cancer vaccines. The role of the tumor microenvironment and immune evasion mechanisms was also explored to understand their impact on the effectiveness of these therapies.

Results
This review provides a comprehensive update of recent advancements in immunotherapy for CRC, highlighting the potential of various immunotherapeutic approaches, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, combination therapies, CAR-T therapy, and vaccination strategies. The results of checkpoint inhibitors, particularly in patients with MSI-H/dMMR tumors, which have significant improvements in survival rates have been observed. Furthermore, this review also addresses the challenges faced in treating pMMR/MSS CRC, which remains resistant to immunotherapy.

Conclusion
Immunotherapy plays a significant role in the treatment of CRC, particularly in patients with MSI-H/dMMR tumors. However, many challenges remain, especially in treating pMMR/MSS CRC. This review discussed the need for further research into combination therapies, biomarker development, CAR-T cell therapy, and a deeper understanding of immune evasion mechanisms for CRC treatment.
Organisatorisch-strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen beeinflussen die Analgesie durch Notfallsanitäterinnen und Notfallsanitäter: eine Routinedatenanalyse
Authors: Häske David , Hochgreve Bernd , Dorau Wolfgang , Eppler Fabian , Kretzschmar Iris , Stock Jan-Philipp , Schempf Benjamin , Heinemann Niklas 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Akute Schmerzzustände sind ein häufiger Grund für Rettungsdiensteinsätze, weswegen die Analgesie durch alle qualifizierten Rettungskräfte möglich sein und beherrscht werden muss.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, den Einfluss der Strukturqualität auf die Durchführung einer medikamentösen Analgesie durch Notfallsanitäter zu beschreiben.

Methode
In einer explorativen grafischen Datenanalyse wurden rettungsdienstliche Routinedaten auf organisatorisch-strukturelle Einflüsse hinsichtlich Häufigkeit, Indikationen, Erfolg und Notarztnachforderung bei der Analgesie durch Notfallsanitäter untersucht.

Ergebnis
Im Untersuchungszeitraum 01.01.2018 bis 31.12.2023 konnten insgesamt 1640 Patienten eingeschlossen werden. Das Durchschnittsalter der Patienten betrug 56 ± 23 Jahre (6 bis 101 Jahre). Führende Indikationen waren Traumata (51,5 %), abdominelle Beschwerden (25,1 %) und sonstige Erkrankungen (11,7 %). Den größten negativen Einfluss auf die Analgesiehäufigkeit hatte ein temporär fehlender Versicherungsschutz mit einem Rückgang von −66,4 % und einem Anstieg von Notarztnachforderungen von 23,2 % auf 71,6 %. Den größten positiven Einfluss hatte die Einführung der Vorabdelegation und Anpassungen entsprechend den Betäubungsmittelgesetzesänderungen mit einem Anstieg um +138,6 % und einem Abfall der Notarztnachforderungen auf 4,7 %. Der Indikator „erfolgreiche Analgesie“ stieg von 56,4 % auf 86,9 %.

Diskussion
Die Analyse der Routinedaten zeigt, dass organisatorische und strukturelle Faktoren wie gesetzliche Vorgaben, interne Richtlinien, haftungsrechtliche Aspekte und verfügbares Equipment die Häufigkeit der Analgesie beeinflussen. Diese Faktoren wirken sich auch auf die Notwendigkeit einer Notarztnachforderung aus und sind daher für das Gesamtsystem bedeutsam.

Graphic abstract
Effect of geometric obstructions, particle size distribution, and release angle on the mobility and deposit distribution along the runout zone of rock avalanches
Authors: Gardezi Hasnain , Li Xingyue , Huang Yu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study determined the effect of various geometric obstructions, particle size distribution (coarse, fine, and uniform), and release angles (40°, 50°, and 60°) on the mobility and deposit distribution along the obstructions (concave and convex) in the runout zone of rock avalanches using Discrete Element Modelling, with which particle-particle and particle-wall interactions can be naturally captured. The results indicate that the convex and concave obstructions for coarse gradation at a release angle of 40° reduced the mobility of the slide by 40% and 33% and increased the duration of the slide by 20% and 18% compared to plain geometry, and similar behaviour was observed for uniform and fine graded particles. In addition, as the release angle increases, the velocity increases and the duration of the slide decreases for all types of gradations and geometric obstructions. Moreover, the particles get airborne after hitting the convex obstruction, whereas for concave obstruction, particles move in the form of an anticlockwise whirlpool inside the obstruction and try to escape from the upstream edge. The airborne characteristics such as jump distance, airborne time, and maximum jump height of particles greatly vary with the release angle. In comparison, the escape velocity of particles from a whirlpool is not influenced by gradation or release angle. Furthermore, the deposition of particles along the obstruction is different from that in the valley and is greatly influenced by the release angle. The study will help understand the interaction of sliding material with natural obstructions in the runout zone by considering various particle sizes and release angles.
Employer support for return-to-work after a prolonged sick-leave: evidence for Europe
Authors: Leoni Thomas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aim
Employers play an important role in facilitating the return-to-work (RTW) of employees after a prolonged sick leave. However, the extent of employer involvement in RTW efforts is largely unexplored in an international comparative context. This study provides evidence on the diffusion of procedures to facilitate RTW after sick leave in workplaces across European countries and welfare regimes.

Subject and methods
Workplace practices are examined using microdata from the three waves of the European Survey on New and Emerging Risks (ESENER), collected in 2009, 2014 and 2019. The analysis is carried out using logistic models, accounting for economic structure and establishment size.

Results
Using the Continental countries as reference, the odds ratio for RTW support corresponds to 3.6 (95% CI 2.77–4.79) in Liberal welfare states and to 3.1 (95% CI 2.45–3.88) in Nordic welfare states. In Southern and Eastern Europe, the odds ratios are 0.3 (95% CI 0.25–0.36) and 0.2 (95% CI 0.16–0.26), respectively. Countries with high levels of RTW support display different combinations of legal obligations and/or incentives for employers to support RTW. While support increases consistently with firm size, no clear association across industries could be found. The observed patterns are stable over time.

Conclusion
Employer support for RTW varies greatly among countries and welfare state regimes, indicating that institutional settings and policies are key determinants of employer participation in RTW, particularly in smaller workplaces. The findings clearly indicate that there is substantial scope for policy learning and for expanding the support for sick-listed workers in Europe.
Impact of adipocytes on ultrasound evaluation of parathyroid adenomas
Authors: Fujimoto Tomoko , Hirokawa Mitsuyoshi , Suzuki Ayana , Oshita Maki , Yamaoka Hiroyuki , Fujishima Makoto , Onoda Naoyoshi , Miyauchi Akira , Akamizu Takashi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Parathyroid lipoadenomas are difficult to recognize preoperatively; hence, they may remain undetected. Difficulty in recognition is thought to be due to the adipocytes present in the tumor. This study aimed to clarify the impact of adipocytes as a component of parathyroid adenomas on ultrasound evaluation.

Methods
Eighteen parathyroid adenoma cases, in which the adipose tissue accounted for more than 10% of the tumors, were included in this study. Of these, five were consistent with lipoadenomas. Twenty-five consecutive patients with parathyroid adenoma without adipocytes were used as controls.

Results
Ultrasonography revealed a lipoadenoma detection rate of 20.0%. This increased to 80.0% at re-examinations performed after obtaining information from other imaging modalities. Compared with parathyroid adenoma cases with no adipocytes or few adipocytes, the frequencies of ill-defined margins, iso- and/or hyperechogenicity, heterogeneous consistency with a two-tone pattern, poor vascular flow, no polar artery, and no hyperechoic line were significantly higher in parathyroid lipoadenoma cases. The hyperechoic and isoechoic areas in tumors with a two-tone pattern correspond to adipocyte- and parathyroid cell-rich areas, respectively. The lipoadenoma tumor sizes measured using ultrasound tended to be smaller than the actual sizes.

Conclusions
The characteristic ultrasound findings of lipoadenomas were clearly different from those of parathyroid adenomas with or without adipocytes. We believe that our findings may contribute to an increased detection rate of lipoadenomas and allow us to consider them in the differential diagnosis.
ParlaMint II: advancing comparable parliamentary corpora across Europe
Authors: Erjavec Tomaž , Kopp Matyáš , Ljubešić Nikola , Kuzman Taja , Rayson Paul , Osenova Petya , Ogrodniczuk Maciej , Çöltekin Çağrı , Koržinek Danijel , Meden Katja , Skubic Jure , Rupnik Peter , Agnoloni Tommaso , Aires José , Barkarson Starkaður , Bartolini Roberto , Bel Núria , Calzada Pérez María , Darģis Roberts , Diwersy Sascha , Gavriilidou Maria , van Heusden Ruben , Iruskieta Mikel , Kahusk Neeme , Kryvenko Anna , Ligeti-Nagy Noémi , Magariños Carmen , Mölder Martin , Navarretta Costanza , Simov Kiril , Tungland Lars Magne , Tuominen Jouni , Vidler John , Vladu Adina Ioana , Wissik Tanja , Yrjänäinen Väinö , Fišer Darja 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe paper presents the results of the ParlaMint II project, which comprise comparable corpora of parliamentary debates of 29 European countries and autonomous regions, covering at least the period from 2015 to 2022, and containing over 1 billion words. The corpora are uniformly encoded, contain rich metadata about their 24 thousand speakers, and are linguistically annotated up to the level of Universal Dependencies syntax and named entities. The paper focuses on the enhancement made since the ParlaMint I project and presents the compilation of the corpora, including the encoding infrastructure, use of GitHub, the production of individual corpora, the common pipeline for producing their distribution, and use of CLARIN services for dissemination. It then gives a quantitative overview of the produced corpora, followed by the qualitative additions made within the ParlaMint II project, namely metadata localisation, the addition of new metadata, such as the political orientation of political parties, the machine translation of the corpora to English and its tagging with semantic classes, and the production of pilot speech corpora. Finally, outreach activities and further work are discussed.
Expanded extractivism, confinement, and (im)mobilized labor in city-making: a longue durée perspective
Authors: Caglar Ayse 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Compartmentalized historiography of cities and labor hinders us from seeing the common grounds and contour lines connecting disparate places, periods, processes, institutions, and groups of actors in the making and remaking of cities. Through exploring the historical geography of a street in Linz (Austria), I call for shifting our lens to expanded extractivism to bring economies of (im)mobile labor and confinement and the governance of the displaced inscribed to distinct periods and regimes within a common analytical lens. The longue durée perspective I adapt enables us to situate the commodification of the containment and care of refugee and asylum seekers within the broader dynamics of extractivism.