bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF FRUIT COMPONENTS TO QUALITY AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF THE CUPCAKES WITH AMARANTH FLOUR
Authors: ПЛУЖНИКОВА П.А. , ЕГОРОВА Е.Ю. 
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрена возможность дополнительного повышения пищевой ценности кексов путем замены стандартного фруктового компонента – изюма курагой или сушеными яблоками после конвективной сушки. Замес теста для кексов проводили вручную по традиционной технологии, муку из семян амаранта вводили в виде однородной смеси с пшеничной мукой в соотношении, %, 15 : 85 соответственно. В части образцов кишмиш заменяли яблоками или курагой, нарезанными на кусочки 10 ґ 10 мм, промытые холодной водой, просушенные и смешанные с небольшим количеством муки. Кексы выпекали в одноразовых пергаментных формах при температуре 210°С в течение 25 мин. Показано, что при добавке сушеных резаных яблок или кураги изделия получаются с уплотненным мякишем, снижается удельный объем готовой продукции, но регламентируемые органолептические и физико-химические показатели качества кексов соответствуют ГОСТ 15052–2014. Установлено, что замена кишмиша в составе кексов на резаную курагу позволяет повысить пищевую ценность этих кондитерских изделий за счет изменения соотношения усвояемых углеводов и пищевых волокон, повышения содержания калия, кальция, магния, каротиноидов, аскорбиновой кислоты и витамина РР. При использовании в качестве фруктового компонента сушеных резаных яблок отмечено более существенное повышение содержания в кексах пищевых волокон и железа, но при этом не достигается повышения других незаменимых микронутриентов.
The possibility of an additional increase in the nutritional value of cupcakes by replacing the standard fruit component – raisins with dried apricots or dried apples after convection drying is considered. Kneading the dough for cupcakes was carried out manually according to traditional technology, flour from amaranth seeds was introduced in the form of a homogeneous mixture with wheat flour in the ratio, %, 15 : 85, respectively. In part of the samples, the raisins were replaced with apples or dried apricots, cut their into pieces of 10 ґ 10 mm, washed with cold water, dried and mixed with a small amount of flour. Cupcakes were baked in disposable parchment forms at a temperature of 210°C for 25 min. It is shown that with the addition of dried cut apples or dried apricots, the products are obtained with a compacted crumb, the specific volume of the finished product is reduced, but the regulated organoleptic and physical-chemical quality indicators of the cupcakes correspond to GOST 15052–2014. It was found that the replacement of raisins in the cupcakes on cut dried apricots can increase the nutritional value of these confectionery products by changing the ratio of digestible carbohydrates and dietary fibers, increasing the content of potassium, calcium, magnesium, carotenoids, ascorbic acid and vitamin PP. When used as a fruit component of dried cut apples, a more significant increase in the content of dietary fibers and iron in the cupcakes is noted, but no increase in other essential micronutrients is achieved.
BATCH DOUGH VISCOSITY INFLUENCE ON FLOW-PRESSURE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KNEADING MACHINE
Authors: РУБАН В.С. , АЛЕШИН В.И. , БЕЗУГЛЫЙ Д.С. 
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрены уравнения баланса и концентрационных потоков, базирующихся на моделях, позволяющих анализировать одноименные модели реологии течения в канале шнека блока замеса тестомесильной машины. Анализ процесса транспортировки и замеса на основе одномерной модели выявил необходимость использования сигмоидальной функции коэффициента напоропроводности от давления. Переход от одномерных задач к многомерным задачам переноса связан с преобразованием систем уравнений к симметричному виду. Полученные системы уравнений после использования теоремы Грина могут быть решены методом конечных элементов.
The balance equation and concentration flows based on the models which make it possible to analyze the eponymous models of flow rheology in the block screw channel in a dough mixing machine has been considered. The analysis of the transportation and batch process based on one-dimensional model proved the necessity to apply sigmoidal coefficient of pressure function. The transition from one-dimensional problems to multidimensional transport problems is associated with the transformation of systems of equations to a symmetric form. The resulting system of equations after using Green’s theorem can be solved by the finite element method.
STATISTICAL MODEL OF INTERNAL MOISTURE TRANSFER FOR DRYING OF POTATO IN CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED
Authors: МИТРОФАНОВ А.В. , МИЗОНОВ В.Е. , ШУИНА Е.А. , ТИХОМИРОВА И.А. 
Published: November 2021

Исследованы параметры процесса сушки картофельных цилиндров в циркуляционном кипящем слое при различных температурных режимах. Эксперименты выполнены при температурах сушильного агента 30, 35, 40, 45°С и фиктивной скорости ожижающего воздуха 8,0 м/с. Начальное влагосодержание материала составило 4,15 кг/кг, влагосодержание в конце обработки (0,20 ± 0,05) кг/кг. Предлагаемая статистическая модель основана на аналогии между главным членом численного решения уравнения диффузии методом Кранка-Николсон и уравнением регрессии для относительного влагосодержания материала. Коэффициент эффективной диффузии получен в диапазоне 7,402 · 10–9 м2/с и 8,626 · 10–9 м2/с. Предложено уравнение регрессии для коэффициента диффузии в форме зависимости Аррениуса с предэкспоненциальным множителем 1,91 · 10–7 м2/с и энергией активации 8,18 кДж/моль.
The parameters of the drying process of potato cylinders in the circulating fluidized bed at different temperature conditions are investigated. The experiments were performed at the temperatures of the drying agent 30, 35, 40, 45°C and the fictitious speed of the liquefying air 8,0 m/s. The initial moisture content of particles was about 4,15 kg/kg and the final moisture content was in range (0,20 ± 0,05) kg/kg. The proposed statistical model is based on the analogy between the main term of the numerical solution of the diffusion equation by the Crank–Nicolson method and the regression equation for the relative moisture content of the material. Effective moisture diffusivity of the potato particles varied between 7,402 · 10–9 m2/s and 8,626 · 10–9 m2/s. The regression equation for moisture diffusivity coefficient were obtained in form of Arrhenius relationship with the constant diffusivity basis equal 1,91 · 10–7 m2/s and the activation energy equal 8,18 kJ/mol.
RESEARCH OF THE COMPOSITION OF MACRO- AND MICRONUTRIENTS CONTAINED IN SUNFLOWER PHOSPHOLIPIDS
Authors: КОРНЕН Н.Н. , КАЛМАНОВИЧ С.А. , ШАХРАЙ Т.А. , ВОРОНЦОВА О.С. , ВИКТОРОВА Е.П. 
Published: November 2021

Установлено, что в составе подсолнечных фосфолипидов в значительных количествах содержатся биологически активные макро- и микронутриенты. Подсолнечные фосфолипиды содержат, г/100 г: макронутриенты – фосфатидилхолины 18,0–19,0; фосфатидилэтаноламины 14,0–15,0; фосфатидилсерины 5,0–5,5; фосфатидилинозитолы 13,5–14,5; фосфатидные кислоты 6,0–6,5; фосфатидилглицерины 1,5; микронутриенты, мг/100 г: витамин Е 41,8–43,4; провитамин D 210–224; макроэлементы – калий, магний, кальций, фосфор; микроэлементы – железо, медь. Указанные макро- и микронутриенты являются пищевыми функциональными ингредиентами, что позволяет сделать вывод о целесообразности применения подсолнечных фосфолипидов для создания функциональных продуктов питания.
It was found that sunflower phospholipids contain significant amounts of biologically active macro- and micronutrients. Sunflower phospholipids contain macronutrients such as, g/100 g: phosphatidylcholines 18,0–19,0; phosphatidylethanolamines 14,0–15,0; phosphatidylserines 5,0–5,5; phosphatidylinositols 13,5–14,5; phosphatidic acids 6,0–6,5; phosphatidylglycerols 1,5; as well as micronutrients, mg/100 g: vitamin E 41,8–43,4 and provitamin D 210–224; macroelements – potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus; microelements – iron, copper. These macro- and micronutrients are functional food ingredients. This allows us to conclude about the feasibility of using sunflower phospholipids to create functional foods.
INFLUENCIA DE LA RESISTENCIA DEL SUELO MEJORADO EN EL DISEÑO DE LOSA DE CIMENTACIÓN MEDIANTE UN MODELO DE INTERACCIÓN SUELO-ESTRUCTURA
Authors: Marín Bardales Noe Humberto , Evangelista Benites Guillermo David 
Published: November 2021

El crecimiento urbano, ha hecho que las edificaciones se sitúen sobre suelos flexibles, la cual su resistencia es pequeña, para las edificaciones que se desea proyectar, generando problemas de asentamiento de las estructuras y sobre esfuerzos de diseño en las losas de cimentación. Como alternativa de solución, los ingenieros civiles, colocan capas de material de préstamo (afirmado) sobre el suelo natural, para luego ser compactado. Esta técnica logra incrementar la resistencia del suelo en su conjunto, debido a que el estrato compactado, su resistencia es mayor a la del suelo natural, pero no es utilizado en el diseño de la losa de cimentación. El problema estudiado es ¿En qué medida la resistencia del suelo mejorado influye en el diseño de la losa de cimentación mediante un modelo de interacción suelo-estructura de Pasternak?. El objetivo de la investigación es determinar la influencia de la resistencia del suelo mejorado en el diseño de losa de cimentación mediante un modelo de interacción suelo-estructura. El diseño de investigación es descriptivo, no experimental Los resultados encontrados muestran que la resistencia del suelo se incrementa en un 30.54% respecto a la resistencia del suelo natural con el material de afirmado de la cantera “Racarrumi” y el modelo dinámico N.G.Shariya expresa las condiciones de flexibilidad del suelo. Se concluye que el suelo mejorado de la cantera Racarrumi logra incrementar la resistencia de diseño en un 30.54% a una altura de capa compactada de 65 cm.
Порядок вибору концепції бюджетування у вертикально інтегрованих структурах
Authors: Топило Вікторія Анатоліївна 
Published: November 2021

Актуальність дослідження питань бюджетування у вертикально інтегрованих структурах обумовлена важливістю впровадження ефективних інформаційно-управлінських систем для підтримки та розвитку фінансового потенціалу; наявністю проблеми неекономного використання ресурсів для одержання майбутніх конкурентних переваг; необхідністю запровадження ефективної системи бюджетів для мотивації персоналу вертикальної структури на отримання єдиного фінансового результату в межах сформованої стратегії. Метою статті є оцінка концептуальних підходів до впровадження системи бюджетування на підприємствах та наукове обґрунтування вибору ефективної концепції формування бюджетів у вертикально інтегрованих структурах на основі ідентифікації детермінант впливу на підприємство та існуючих обмежень. У статті запропоновано порядок вибору концепції бюджетування у вертикально інтегрованих структурах на підставі оцінки впливу системоутворюючих факторів внутрішнього (управлінські, технологічні, організаційні) та зовнішнього (галузеві, правові, економічні) середовищ, яка є теоретичним базисом створення індивідуальної моделі бюджетування, сформованої з урахуванням існуючих обмежень, методичного інструментарію, і структурованою у контур системи управління суб’єкта господарювання. Впровадження індивідуальної концепції бюджетування у вертикально інтегрованих структурах має бути спрямоване на вирішення таких завдань: системне охоплення всіх видів і напрямів діяльності вертикально інтегрованої структури; транспарентність звітної інформації; чіткий порядок формування облікової інформації; забезпечення інформаційної безпеки; гнучкість системи бюджетування, що надає можливість пристосувати окремі бюджети та генеральний бюджет до трансформацій зовнішнього і внутрішнього середовищ; оперативність системи бюджетування.
Strategi Pembelajaran Aktif untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Materi Kuliah Antar Semester
Authors: Zuhdi Muhammad , Rokhmat Joni 
Published: November 2021

Active Learning Strategies to Improve Understanding of Fundamental Physics Objects. Physics is one of the subjects considered difficult by students. The learning strategies applied by the teacher must be well structured in order to be able to provide understanding to students. Active learning strategies need to be done to improve understanding of physics properly and correctly. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of active learning to improve understanding of physics in prospective teachers. This active learning strategy is combined with causalitics and cognitive conflict learning methods which are applied to inter-semester course material at the end of the 2018 – 2019 school year. Learning with this combination of methods is able to provide a good understanding of existing students. The post-test results, which were compared with the pre-test results, showed an increase in the average student understanding of up to 24%. Active learning is proven to be able to improve the understanding of lecture material for students. Keywords: active learning, physics education
Causes and clinical picture of very early preterm birth
Authors: Mosendz O.V. 
Published: November 2021

The objective: the determination of the risk factors, causes and clinical features of very early preterm birth.Materials and methods. The data of anamnesis, the course of pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal outcomes in 166 women of reproductive age with very early preterm birth at 22–27 weeks of gestation were analyzed. The fact of childbirth at these terms of pregnancy is the main criterion of inclusion. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the criteria of live birth: 1 group — 79 women, whose labor was regarded as late miscarriage (retrospective study); 2 group — 87 women with very early preterm (prospective study). Exclusion criteria: congenital malformations of the fetus. Results. The main risk factors for the development of very early preterm labor are urogenital infections (83.7 % and 78.9 % in 1 and 2 groups, respectively). A combination of pathogens was found in almost half of the subjects (43 % in 1 group, 44 % in 2 group). The patients in both groups had a complicated general and obstetric anamnesis, in particular, a significant frequency of inflammatory processes of the genital organs (50.0 % – in 1 group and 59.2 % – in 2 group), surgical interventions (50.0 % and 59.2 %, respectively), as well as hormonal disorders and related diseases (ovarian dysfunction – 27.8 % and 27.6 %, uterine fibroids – 16.4 % and 17. 2%, ovarian cysts – 11.4 % in both groups). 35.4 % of patients in 1 group and 28.7 % of patients in 2 group had a history of chronic foci of infections, pathology of the urinary system – 30.3 % and 28.7 %, respectively, of the digestive tract – 24 % and 22.98 %, hypertension – 32.9 % and 31 %. The main complications of gestation in pregnant women in both groups in the II trimester were the threat of abortion (43 % and 30 %, respectively) and dysfunction of the fetoplacental complex (22.7 % and 21.8 %). This caused fetal growth retardation in both groups – 66 % and 63 % of newborns, respectively.Conclusions. Analysis of the general and obstetric history, the presence of infectious factor in combination with extragenital pathology confirm the polyetiology of the causes that leads to very early preterm birth. Considering the main risk factors of preterm birth, a complete examination for urogenital infections in women before and during pregnancy, followed by treatment and restoration of normal vaginal biocenosis, as well as the study of fetoplacental system function from early pregnancy is neseccary.Preventive measures and timely treatment of fetoplacental disorders should prolong pregnancy for the terms in which there is the best way to improve perinatal outcomes.
Leadership, Motivation and Work Discipline in Achieving Work Achievement; Studies on State Civil Servants at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (RFAMA), Kendari City
Authors: Rapiuddin Rapiuddin , Bahari Samsul , Hasddin Hasddin 
Published: November 2021

As a Regional Work Unit (SKPD), the position of RFAMA is very vital in regional financial management so that leadership, discipline and work motivation are absolutely necessary in providing excellent service to interested parties. It's just that, the work achievement of the Kendari City RFAMA has not been published so far, so it is important to do this research. The purpose of this study was to analyze the partial influence of Leadership Style, Motivation and Work Discipline on work achievement and the simultaneous influence of Leadership Style, Motivation and Discipline on work achievement. The research sample of 60 people was taken by census or all employees. Data obtained through questionnaires and observations. The assessment instrument uses a Likert scale (1-5). The level of confidence used in the item validity test in this study was 95%. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 26.0 for Windows. The results showed that partially each of the Leadership Style, Motivation and Work Discipline variables had a positive and significant effect on work achievement. This means that the Leadership Style has been good and can be accepted by all employees so that it can improve work achievement in the scope of RFAMA in Kendari City. With high work morale and work motivation that is owned, will be able to improve work achievement in the scope of RFAMA Kendari City. These findings also indicate that high work discipline and enthusiasm for obeying the existing rules and being responsible for the assignments given will be able to improve work achievement in the scope of RFAMA in Kendari City. The next finding is that simultaneously the variables of Leadership Style, Motivation and Work Discipline together have a positive and significant effect on work achievement. This shows that a good Motivational Leadership Style and Work Discipline can improve work achievement of employees at the Kendari City RFAMA Office.
The judicial review of legality
Authors: Davidson Natalie R , Bilsky Leora 
Published: November 2021

In comparative constitutional law, the various models of judicial review require courts to examine either the substantive content of legislation or the procedure through which legislation was passed. This article offers a new model of judicial review – ‘the judicial review of legality’ – in which courts review instead the forms of law. The forms of law are the ways in which law communicates its norms to the persons who are meant to comply with them, and they include generality, clarity, avoidance of contradiction, and non-retroactivity. Drawing on recent writing on the jurisprudence of Lon Fuller, this article argues that Fuller’s linking of the forms of law to a relationship of reciprocity between government and governed can ground judicial review and that such review provides a missing language to address important legislative pathologies. Moreover, through an analysis of recent developments in Israel, the article demonstrates that the judicial review of legality targets some of the key legal techniques of contemporary processes of democratic erosion which other models of judicial review struggle to address, all the while re-centring judicial review on the lawyer’s craftsmanship and thus reducing problems of court legitimacy. This article therefore offers a distinctive and normatively appealing way for courts to act in troubling times.
Impact of ventricle size on neuropsychological outcomes in treated pediatric hydrocephalus: an HCRN prospective cohort study
Authors: Riva-Cambrin Jay , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Burr Robert , Rozzelle Curtis J. , Oakes W. Jerry , Drake James M. , Alvey Jessica S. , Reeder Ron W. , Holubkov Richard , Browd Samuel R. , Cochrane D. Douglas , Limbrick David D. , Naftel Robert , Shannon Chevis N. , Simon Tamara D. , Tamber Mandeep S. , McDonald Patrick J. , Wellons John C. , Luerssen Thomas G. , Whitehead William E. , Kestle John R. W. 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
In pediatric hydrocephalus, shunts tend to result in smaller postoperative ventricles compared with those following an endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). The impact of the final treated ventricle size on neuropsychological and quality-of-life outcomes is currently undetermined. Therefore, the authors sought to ascertain whether treated ventricle size is associated with neurocognitive and academic outcomes postoperatively.

METHODS
This prospective cohort study included children aged 5 years and older at the first diagnosis of hydrocephalus at 8 Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network sites from 2011 to 2015. The treated ventricle size, as measured by the frontal and occipital horn ratio (FOR), was compared with 25 neuropsychological tests 6 months postoperatively after adjusting for age, hydrocephalus etiology, and treatment type (ETV vs shunt). Pre- and posttreatment grade point average (GPA), quality-of-life measures (Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire [HOQ]), and a truncated preoperative neuropsychological battery were also compared with the FOR.

RESULTS
Overall, 60 children were included with a mean age of 10.8 years; 17% had ≥ 1 comorbidity. Etiologies for hydrocephalus were midbrain lesions (37%), aqueductal stenosis (22%), posterior fossa tumors (13%), and supratentorial tumors (12%). ETV (78%) was more commonly used than shunting (22%). Of the 25 neuropsychological tests, including full-scale IQ (q = 0.77), 23 tests showed no univariable association with postoperative ventricle size. Verbal learning delayed recall (p = 0.006, q = 0.118) and visual spatial judgment (p = 0.006, q = 0.118) were negatively associated with larger ventricles and remained significant after multivariate adjustment for age, etiology, and procedure type. However, neither delayed verbal learning (p = 0.40) nor visual spatial judgment (p = 0.22) was associated with ventricle size change with surgery. No associations were found between postoperative ventricle size and either GPA or the HOQ.

CONCLUSIONS
Minimal associations were found between the treated ventricle size and neuropsychological, academic, or quality-of-life outcomes for pediatric patients in this comprehensive, multicenter study that encompassed heterogeneous hydrocephalus etiologies.