bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Penetrating Keratoplasty, Extracapsular Cataract Extraction, and Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Busin Massimo , Arffa Robert C , McDonald Marguerite B , Kaufman Herbert E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We reviewed 22 cases of triple procedure in the last two years at our Institution. Six months postoperatively 21 of the 22 transplanted corneas were clear. One graft for herpetic corneal scarring failed. Best corrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 14 patients. The average refractive error was -1.31 ± 230 diopters. Refractive astigmatism was 4 diopters or less in 80% of patients. These results, which compare favorably with previous series, indicate the efficacy and safety of this procedure.
Vitrectomy and Fluid Infusion in the Treatment of Delayed Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage After Combined Cataract and Glaucoma Filtration Surgery
Authors: Davison James A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
I report the successful treatment of one case of massive, delayed suprachoroidal hemorrhage that occurred after combined intracapsular cataract extraction and trabeculectomy. Significant vitreous incarceration in the filtration site and consequent vitreoretinal traction were present so that a limbal approach anterior vitrectomy was necessary before choroidal drainage could be accomplished safely. An infusion of balanced salt solution through a limbal infusion cannula was employed during vitrectomy and also during drainage of suprachoroidal blood. The simultaneous intravitreal infusion helped to create an efficient, controlled choroidal drainage procedure. In addition to relieving vitreoretinal traction, this technique helps prevent the periods of extreme hypotony experienced when choroidal drainage and anterior chamber reformation are accomplished serially in step-wise fashion. This use of this method also obviates the compromised view of the peripheral retina which occurs when air is introduced into the vitreous cavity.
Visual Field Improvement After Neodymium: YAG Laser Puncture of Miotic Cysts
Authors: Schrems Wolfgang , Tomlinson Craig P , Belcher C Davis 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This case report describes the use of a Q-switched neodymium: YAG laser to puncture miotic cysts. Fifteen shots of 0.06 mJ were needed. The pupil dilated more widely following this procedure, resulting in an improvement in the patient's visual field. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was not able to be controlled medically, however, and Altering surgery 20 days post laser treatment was required. IOP control had been poor prior to the laser-treatment, and did not appear to be more following treatment.
Neodymium: YAG Laser Treatment of Persistent Pupillary Membrane
Authors: Vega Luis F , Sabates Roland 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 16-year-old girl had a cosmetically unappealing persistent iridopupillary membrane in the left eye. Her best corrected visual acuity was 20/60, but this improved to 20/40 with pupillary dilation. Neodymium:YAG laser membranectomy resulted in 20/20 vision. This is the first reported case of persistent pupillary membrane treated with the Neodymium:YAG laser.
Macrocystic Enlargement of Orbital Dermis-Fat Grafts
Authors: Patrinely James R , Anderson Richard L , Shore John W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Acquired cysts represent an unusual but significant complication of orbital dermis-fat grafts. We report two cases of late postoperative enlargement of dermisfat grafts: First, macrocystic enlargement occurring in both orbits with severe microphthalmia; second, cystic enlargement occurring in a dermis-fat graft for anophthalmia following an earlier evisceration. Both graft enlargements were due to epithelial-lined cysts that developed within the graft tissue. These cysts were treated by excising the cyst walls and allowing the resultant cavity to heal spontaneously. Light microscopy of the excised tissue revealed that the clear cysts were lined by a non-keratinizing, stratified squamous epithelium. The histogenesis of the cysts is unclear, but most likely they are the result of incompletely removed or implanted conjunctival or corneal epithelium. Several other possibilities are discussed. Due to the difficulty of removing all corneal and conjunctival epithelium, cystic complications of dermis-fat grafts make unattractive their use for volume enhancement in patients with microphthalmia or following evisceration.
Vertical Rupture in Posterior Corneal Layers After Cataract Extraction
Authors: Wolter J Reimer , Sugar Alan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The histopathological description of a 3 mm vertical cut in the posterior layers of a corneal button removed for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy is presented. The corneal complications became clinically evident several weeks after extracapsular cataract extraction with placement of a posterior chamber lens implant. Outstanding histological features were: wall-like elevation of the borders of the cut with swelling of the posterior stromal layers; rolled-in edges of Descemet's membrane; double interruption of Descemet's membrane on one side; regional endothelial atrophy; and total lack of any signs of endothelial regeneration.
Inhibition of Pseudophakic Endophthalmitis in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Elliott Ross D , Katz Harold R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A clear lens extraction with insertion of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) was performed in one eye of each of 20 rabbits. An intracameral injection of 50,000 organisms of gentamicin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus was given before completion of the surgical procedure. At the completion of surgery, a sub-conjunctival injection of either gentamicin (20 mg) or gentamicin vehicle was administered randomly, in a masked fashion, to the operative eye. Rabbits were observed daily for signs of endophthalmitis. Vitreous taps were performed on all operative eyes. Ninety percent (p = .001) of control eyes became clinically infected and 80% (p = .007) of control eyes grew S. aureus from their vitreous aspirate. None of the gentamicin-treated eyes became clinically or microbiologically infected with S. aureus.
Treatment of Mooren's and Mooren's-like Ulcer by Lamellar Keratectomy: Report of Six Eyes and Literature Review
Authors: Martin Neil F , Stark Walter J , Maumenee A Edward 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Three cases of Mooren's ulcer (four eyes) and one case of marginal corneal ulcer associated with relapsing polychondritis (two eyes) are presented with decrease in ocular inflammation following extensive lamellar keratectomy or lamellar keratoplasty. Tissue adhesive was needed in two cases to maintain ocular integrity. The procedure may work by the removal of a corneal antigenic stimulus to a self-perpetrating autoimmune phenomenon that causes corneal melting. More cases are needed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of lamellar keratectomy for Mooren's and Mooren's-like corneal ulcers.
Clinicopathologic Study of Eyes Obtained Postmortem From a Patient 6 and 2 Years After Operative Choroidal Hemorrhage
Authors: Haynes Jeffrey H , Payne John W , Green W Richard 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present the clinicopathologic features of a patient who developed bilateral choroidal hemorrhage during cataract surgery and who regained 20/30+ vision in each eye. Consequences related to the operative procedure and choroidal hemorrhage included iris and vitreous incarceration with inferior peripheral fractional retinoschisis, retained lens cortex, and an anterior capsule fragment lodged in the anterior chamber angle. A recent choroidal hemorrhage associated with a thrombosed vortex vein was observed in one eye.
The favorable outcome was likely due both to preplaced sutures that allowed immediate tamponade of the hemorrhage and to the additional possible tamponading effect of an intact posterior capsule in the left eye. The possible role of venous stasis leading to vortex vein thrombosis as a cause of recent choroidal hemorrhage is discussed.
Coated Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Keates Richard H , Powell James , Blosser Elizabeth 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We found that an intraocular lens with a bonded coating of sodium hyaluronate caused less cell damage than an uncoated lens. We also found that an intraocular lens bonded with sodium hyaluronate will provide not only better adherence to viscoelastic materials and endothelial protection, but also may allow for better manipulation of the lens intraocularly. This is the first report of a sodium hyaluronate-coated intraocular lens used to prevent cell damage.
Neodymium:YAG Laser Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation for Glaucoma After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Cohen Elisabeth J , Schwartz Louis W , Luskind Roger D , Parker Anne V , Spaeth George L , Katz L Jay , Arentsen Juan J , Wilson Richard P , Moster Marlene D , Laibson Peter R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Nd:YAG laser Cyclophotocoagulation (CPCI of the ciliary body is a promising cyclodestructive treatment for the management of refractory glaucoma following penetrating keratoplasty. Twenty-eight eyes (27 patients) were treated between August 1985 and September 1987 and followed 6 to 24 months median, 18 months). The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was initially 39 mm Hg range, 30 to 70 mm Hg) on maximally tolerated medications. The Lasag Microrupter 2 was used in the free-running thermal mode with a mean pulse energy of 4.13 J. The laser was retrofocused 3.6 mm from the conjunctival surface and 30 to 50 applications per treatment (mean, 37.5) were given 2 to 3 mm from the limbus for 360° (71%) or 180° (29%). Multiple treatments were necessary in 13 eyes (46%). After CPG, IOP fell to 22 mm Hg or below in 18 eyes (64%) at 3 months, in 20 of 27 eyes (74%) at 6 months, and in 16 to 24 eyes (67%) at 1 year. Inadequate IOP control in four of 28 eyes necessitated cyclocryotherapy in three patients and a Schocket procedure in one other. Of the 14 dear pre-CPC grafts six (43%) became edematous during follow-up. All of the failed grafts had undergone multiple CPCs.
Gunshot Wounds of the Eye and Orbit
Authors: Chu Alfredo , Levine Mark R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Gunshot wounds to the globe and orbit require careful evaluation and management. This article highlights five cases of penetrating gunshot injuries, each demonstrating different points to consider when managing the severely traumatized patient. Immediate and late complications are described. Missile velocities of different weapons are detailed, and the mechanism of injury is discussed. Careful preoperative evaluation is stressed as a means of avoiding complications.
Ciliary Sulcus Reconstruction for Posterior Implantation in the Absence of an Intact Posterior Capsule
Authors: Dahan Elie , Salmenson Brian D , Levin Jonathan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Secondary implantation of a posterior chamber infraocular lens in an aphakic eye devoid of an intact posterior capsule requires a special surgical approach. When lens capsule remnants remain in the periphery, the ciliary sulcus can be reconstructed to accommodate a posterior chamber lens. The fibrotic lens or capsular residues that often remain adherent to the posterior surface of the iris are divided with sharp intraocular scissors, and a shelf is created that is sufficient to support the lens haptics. A series of 28 cases, including 16 involving young children, demonstrates the feasibility and the favorable visual results obtainable with this surgical technique.
Teflon Tubes for Stenting and Bypassing the Lacrimal Drainage Pathways
Authors: Hurwitz Jeffrey J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
I report my experience using a new tear duct tube made from medical grade Teflon (Dupont) both as a bypass tube in situations in which a Pyrex Jones tube (Gunther Weiss, Portland Oregon) traditionally would be used, as well as a stent through the lower canaliculus, or as a bypass tube placed either through the lower canaliculus or at the inner canthus in connection with canaliculus laceration repair. After relatively brief follow-up, these Teflon tubes appeared to be associated with fewer complications than the Jones tube and in certain instances to offer other advantages as well.
A New Intraocular Lens Formula for High Myopia
Authors: Kora Yukiko , Ochi Toshiyuki , Suzuki Yoichi , Inatomi Makoto , Fukado Yoshinao 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We developed a formula suitable for calculating intraocular lens power for eyes with axial lengths of 27 mm or greater. We then used this formula in a prospective study to determine its reliability in 32 eyes. In these latter cases the mean error between predictive postoperative refraction and actual postoperative refraction was 0.36 D, with 67% of the cases having less than 1.0 D error; 84% of the cases having less than a 2.0 D error; and no cases having an error greater than 3.0 D. The new formula provided greater accuracy for these highly myopic eyes than the SRK, SRKII, Hollady, and Thompson formulas.
Cryotherapy for Stage 3+ Retinopathy of Prematurity: Visual and Anatomic Results
Authors: Topilow Harvey W , Ackerman Albert L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Fifty eyes of 25 preterm infants with stage 3+ retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and 180° to 360° of preretinal neovascularization were treated with cryotherapy to ablate the peripheral zone of avascular retina. All neovascularization regressed. Eleven eyes developed traction detachments, eight of which were successfully reattached with scierai buckling surgery. With follow-up of 6 to 70 months (mean, 29 months), visual acuity was 20/30 to 20/60 in 11 of 16 eyes (69%) of eight children old enough to be tested, and 20/100 to 20/200 in three of these eyes. Thus, vision was 20/200 or better in 14 of 16 eyes (87.5%). Visual behavior was normal for their age in 16 infants too young to test. One child developed bilateral inoperable detachments.
We conclude that cryotherapy safely resolves stage 3+ ROP with excellent visual results.
Outcome of Treatment for Bilateral Congenital Cataracts
Authors: Robb Richard M , Petersen Robert A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The outcome of treatment for bilateral congenital cataracts was studied retrospectively in a group of 51 patients. Two major categories of lens opacities were identified. In the first category, the opacities were extensive and visual impairment was evident early in the first year. These cataracts often occurred in eyes with small corneal diameters and poorly dilating pupils. Postoperative strabismus was nearly universal; nystagmus developed in over 50%; and late onset open-angle glaucoma developed in 8 of the 29 patients studied. Early surgery did not seem to abort the development of nystagmus in this group of patients. In the second category, the lens opacities were partial, often lamellar in configuration, and visual impairment was less severe. Surgery was usually performed after 3 years of age, with good visual results if the opacities were symmetrical and there was no nystagmus. No deprivation amblyopia developed in this group, even when surgery was delayed into the second decade. Strabismus developed postoperatively in about a third, but so far, no delayed open-angle glaucoma has been identified.
Hypotony Maculopathy Following the Use of Topical Mitomycin C in Glaucoma Filtration Surgery
Authors: Costa Vital P , Wilson Richard P , Moster Marlene R , Schmidt Courtland M , Gandham Sai 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Intraoperative mitomycin C has been shown to be highly effective in increasing the success rate of glaucoma filtration surgery. Between October 1991 and June 1992, 169 eyes of 156 patients underwent filtration procedures with intraoperative mitomycin C. In the postoperative period, five eyes (2.9%) developed hypotony maculopathy, characterized by disc edema, vascular tortuosity, and chorioretinal folds in the macular area. Cryotherapy was applied to three eyes, and was effective in reversing the hypotony in two of them. However, the visual prognosis was poor: after a mean follow up of 5.3 months (range, 3.5 to 8 months), visual acuity returned to preoperative levels in one case. Hypotony maculopathy may develop after glaucoma filtration surgery with intraoperative mitomycin C. We suggest restricting the indication of its adjunctive use to eyes with poor surgical prognosis or those in which a very low intraocular pressure is desired. The use of extra sutures (which can be sectioned by laser) or releasable sutures to prevent excessive filtration in the postoperative period also is advisable.
Computer-Assisted Orbital Surgery
Authors: Klimek Ludger , Wenzel Martin , Mösges Ralph 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In orbital surgery, deep lesions must be operated on through extremely small approaches. We developed a method (Computer Assisted Surgery or CAS) designed to achieve safer and more precise surgery by providing highly accurate intraoperative information regarding the location of the surgical instrument. The device involved consists of a high-capacity computer that processes computed tomographic (CT) data in real time, connected to a mechanical measuring arm attached to the surgical instrument. From the CT data, the computer calculates a three-dimensional reconstruction and displays the tip of the instrument as a reticle in this model. Using the CAS system, the surgeon is continuously apprised of the precise position of the surgical instrument vis-a-vis all relevant anatomical structures.
We have used CAS successfully in 21 cases of orbital surgery. We have found the system especially useful in dealing with deep-seated tumors, either for biopsy or surgery; in performing orbital and optic nerve decompression; in localizing deep-seated foreign bodies; and in all cases of impaired orientation due to severe bleeding, tumor-destroyed landmarks, or preoperated anatomy. Although the number of patients is too small to yield statistically significant data allowing a comparison of patient outcomes with and without using the system, we have just begun a large prospective clinical trial designed to provide such data.
Trabeculotomy in Juvenile Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Kjer B , Kessing  
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTLong-term results of trabeculotomy in juvenile primary open-angle glaucoma (JPOAG) were investigated based on a follow-up study of 16 eyes in 11 patients, diagnosed when they were between 10 and 46 years old. Preoperative visual field defects were found in 75% (12/16) of the eyes. After a mean follow up of 7 years (range, 1 to 18 years), 88% (14/16) of the eyes had an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 21 mm Hg or less (peak pressure at diurnal curves). Nine of these were receiving no medical treatment and five were being treated with beta-blockers and/or dipivefrin. The best results were in the younger patients; the success rate of those under age 40 years was 100%. After normalization of IOP, visual field testing showed no progression in defects. We conclude that trabeculotomy rather than filtering surgery should be used to treat JPOAG, because the success rate of filtering surgery decreases with decreasing age. Also, the good functional results achieved in these patients after normalization of IOP may indicate that ocular hypertension is the only risk factor in JPOAG.
Trabeculectomy With 5-Fluorouracil vs Single-Plate Molteno Implantation
Authors: Bluestein Ettaleah C , Stewart William C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We compared the results achieved in 22 consecutive patients who underwent single-plate Molteno implantation, with those achieved in a matched group who had trabeculectomy with postoperative 5-fluorouracil. Six months following surgery, the average intraocular pressure (IOP) in the Molteno group was 15.4 ± 8.0 mm Hg, and in the trabeculectomy group, 16.1 ± 5.6 mm Hg (P = .920). A mean of 1.4 antiglaucoma medications were being used in each group (P = .776). Complications following Molteno implantation included six tube revisions and three flat anterior chambers; following trabeculectomy, eight serous choroidal detachments and nine positive Seidel tests. This study suggests that Molteno implantation and trabeculectomy with adjunct i ve 5-fluorouracil provide similar IOP control, but that the two procedures are associated with different types of complications.
Upper Eyelid Retraction After Retinal Detachment Repair
Authors: Mauriello Joseph A , Palydowycz Severin B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two patients with high myopia developed unilateral upper eyelid retraction after retinal detachment surgery with superiorly placed scierai buckles and 360-degree encircling elements. The isolated upper eyelid retraction was stable for 16 and 23 years, respectively. Other common causes of eyelid retraction, including cicatricial processes such as thyroidrelated orbitopathy, neurogenic disease, and pseudoretraction of the eyelid, were excluded in both patients. The first patient had no evidence of proptosis or lid lag on downgaze but had exposure keratitis that required recession of Mullet's muscle and conjunctiva. The second patient had Hd lag on downgaze, and orbital computed tomography demonstrated an enlarged eye with an encircling element that caused mild pseudoproptosis. This patient required no treatment. The unilateral upper eyelid retraction did not progress in either patient. Although the exact mechanism of the upper eyelid retraction in these two cases is unclear, previous retinal surgery that involves superiorly placed implants must be considered in the differential diagnosis of unilateral upper eyelid retraction, especially when the patient has a history of pathologic myopia.
Maximal, Three-Wall, Orbital Decompression Through a Coronal Approach
Authors: Goldberg Robert Alan , Weinberg David A , Shorr Norman , Wirta David 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Only lim ited volume expansion is offered by traditional lateral orbital decompressions in which the anterior segment of the lateral wall is removed to allow lateral soft tissue prolapse. A great deal of additional soft tissue expansion can be obtained, not only laterally, but also posteriorly by removing the deep portion of the sphenoid wing. The authors report their experience in removing this bone through a coronal approach.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors performed maximal, three-wall, orbital decompressions through a coronal approach for 20 patients with thyroid-related orbitopathy. A disfiguring proptosis resulting from stable Graves' disease orbitopathy was the indication for surgery in all cases. Through a coronal approach, the lateral rim was left in place and thinned, augmented with specialized orbital rim onlay implants, or repositioned with osteosynthesis systems. The bone over the lacrimal fossa was sculpted to form a "keyhole" for the lacrimal gland, thereby providing additional orbital expansion. Once the medial canthal tendon and lacrimal sac had been elevated from their periosteal attachment, excellent exposure was obtained for medial and inferior orbital decompression.
* RESULTS: The authors report the results of 20 coronal orbital decompressions during a period of 44 months. Seven cases included lateral rim advancement. Up to 6 mm of retrodisplacement was achieved without rim augmentation, 9 mm with rim augmentation.
* DISCUSSION: The deep lateral orbital wall can provide significant room for volume expansion. The authors found that up to 6 mm of proptosis reduction can be obtained using the lateral wall alone. The coronal approach provides access to all four orbital walls for deep orbital decompression. The authors' philosophy of treatment in cases without compressive optic neuropathy is evolving toward the use of the lateral wall as the first approach with the incorporation of additional walls as needed.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:832-843.]