bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Nutritional, Physicochemical, Microbiological, and Sensorial Characteristics of Dairy Yogurts Containing Probiotic Bacteria and Sandalwood Essential Oil Versus Plant‐Based Yogurts Made From Lupine Milk
Authors: Çebi Kadir , Yangılar Filiz 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTNowadays, individuals with cow's milk allergy have shown greater interest in plant‐based (PB) milk alternatives. This study addresses this issue by producing cow's milk yogurt, lupin‐based yogurt, and a hybrid of cow's and PB milk yogurt. In addition, a safe food formulation was developed by incorporating probiotic bacteria and sandalwood oil into these yogurt types. Statistical analysis revealed that the type of milk significantly influenced the physicochemical properties of the yogurts (p < 0.05). The highest mean syneresis (6.78 mL/25 g) was observed in the cow's milk yogurt (C2), whereas the combination of dairy and lupin‐based yogurt (CL2) exhibited the greatest water‐holding capacity (WHC) (3933 cP). The total phenolic content (TPC) across all yogurt samples ranged from 6.67 to 19.58 mg GAE/g, with the lupin‐based yogurts showing the highest values. Specifically, the lupin‐based yogurt (L4) displayed the highest antioxidant activity of 34.14%, compared to 9.49% in dairy yogurt (C1). Throughout the storage period, Lactobacillus acidophilus counts remained above 8.45 log cfu/mL in dairy yogurt and 7.78 log cfu/g in lupin‐based yogurt. The firmness, cohesiveness, and viscosity index values of lupin‐based yogurts were higher than those of the other yogurt types. Organoleptic analysis indicated that PB yogurts were similarly well‐received as dairy products.
Anonymous Authentication Scheme Based on Physically Unclonable Function and Biometrics for Smart Cities
Authors: Nyangaresi Vincent Omollo , AlRababah Ahmad A. , Yenurkar Ganesh Keshaorao , Chinthaginjala Ravikumar , Yasir Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSmart cities amalgamate technologies such as Internet of Things, big data analytics, and cloud computing to collect and analyze large volumes of data from varied sources which facilitate intelligent surveillance, enhanced energy management systems, and environmental monitoring. The ultimate goal of these smart cities is to offer city residents with better services, opportunities, and quality of life. However, the vulnerabilities in the underlying smart city technologies, interconnection of heterogeneous devices, and transfer of data over the open public channels expose these networks to a myriad of security and privacy threats. Therefore, many security solutions have been presented in the literature. However, the majority of these techniques still have numerous performance, privacy, and security challenges that need to be addressed. To this end, we present an anonymous authentication scheme for the smart cities based on physically unclonable function and user biometrics. Its formal security analysis using the Real‐Or‐Random (ROR) model demonstrates the robustness of the negotiated session key against active and passive attacks. In addition, the informal security analysis shows that it supports salient functional and security features such as mutual authentication, key agreement, perfect key secrecy, anonymity, and untraceability. It is also shown to withstand typical smart city threats such as side‐channeling, offline guessing, session key disclosure, eavesdropping, session hijacking, privileged insider, and impersonation attacks. Moreover, comparative performance shows that it incurs the lowest energy and computation costs at relatively low communication overheads.
Adoption of Heat Insulation Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Fire Blanket Coating and Earlier Fire Alarming
Authors: Zhen H. S. , Yang B. F. , Tang Q. W. , Wei Z. L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis article presents a comprehensive study of the insulation materials used for lithium‐ion battery fire blanket coatings. First, a novel testing method is introduced to quantify the impact of insulating agents on the softness and wraparound capabilities of the blanket. Second, to guarantee the explosion resistance as well as other functions of the blanket, insulation materials are introduced, and the insulation effectiveness of various insulating agents is assessed using a 1200°C flame, with findings indicating that a 10% addition of 20 nm silica aerogel yields the best insulation effect. Further analysis of the influence of insulating agents on the release of pyrolysis particles and smoke reveals that both concentrations are elevated compared to the bare silicon dioxide cloth, thereby enabling fire detectors to trigger alarms at the earliest possible stage. Finally, low‐temperature tests are conducted to verify the enhanced insulation properties of the coating in non‐fire scenarios. The outcomes confirm that a 10% addition of 20 nm silica aerogel provides the best insulation. The research results demonstrate that this innovative coating exhibits outstanding insulation performance across a broad temperature range and offers significant fire detection and protection functionalities.
Single Stage Reconstruction of Composite Rhinectomy Defects Using Osteocutaneous Radial Forearm Free Flap
Authors: Karadaghy Omar A. , Feng Allen L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundComposite rhinectomy defects pose significant challenges due to the nose's complex structure and role in facial esthetics and function. Traditional nasal reconstructions often require multiple stages to restore mucosal lining, structural support, and external skin.MethodsThis case series examines the use of a single‐stage osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap (OCRFFF) for composite rhinectomy reconstruction. Three patients who underwent composite rhinectomy due to malignancy were treated using OCRFFF, which allows for simultaneous reconstruction of composite nasal defects by incorporating skin, bone, and fascial tissue.ResultsAll three cases achieved successful postoperative outcomes, demonstrating both cosmetic and functional success without significant long‐term complications. The single‐stage approach streamlined the reconstructive process, reducing patient recovery time and the need for additional surgeries.ConclusionsOCRFFF is an effective, transformative technique for single‐stage nasal reconstruction for composite rhinectomy defects, providing reliable functional and esthetic outcomes, and contributing to advancements in complex nasal defect management.
Association of prehospital hypertension and bradycardia with stroke: A single center observational study
Authors: Ohno Hirofumi , Takahashi Jin , Goto Daisuke , Omae Nana , Yasuda Aritaka , Funakoshi Hiraku 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated the relationship between prehospital systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse rate (PR) with stroke in patients with impaired consciousness.MethodsWe included adult patients with impaired consciousness admitted to the emergency department, categorizing them into nine groups based on SBP (≤99, 100–139, and ≥140 mmHg) and PR (≤59, 60–99, and ≥100/min). We analyzed the association between these groups and stroke and compared with the reference group (SBP 100–139 mmHg and PR 60–99/min) using logistic regression models.Results837 patients were eligible (132 [16%] patients had a stroke). Groups with SBP ≥140 mmHg had a significantly higher risk of stroke regardless of PR (the adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval in the group with PR ≤ 59/min, PR 60–99/min, and PR ≥ 100/min were 4.64 [1.63–13.20], 5.61 [3.24–9.70], and 2.84 [1.45–5.58], respectively). Similarly, among patients with severely impaired consciousness (≥Japan Coma scale III‐100), those with SBP ≥ 140 mmHg were at a significantly higher risk of stroke; within these groups, the group with SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and PR ≤ 59/min had the highest risk of stroke (the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval in the group with PR ≤ 59/min, PR 60–99/min and PR ≥ 100/min were 11.00 [1.70–72.90], 9.29 [3.34–26.00], and 4.83 [1.62–14.40], respectively).ConclusionsPrehospital hypertension in patients with impaired consciousness was associated with a significantly higher risk of stroke. In patients with severely impaired consciousness, prehospital hypertension with bradycardia was significantly associated with the highest risk of stroke.
Neuroanatomical and functional correlates in borderline personality disorder: A narrative review
Authors: Perrotta Giulio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a dysfunctional, stable, and pervasive alteration in personality functioning with the inability to adapt to the environment, mental rigidity, and ego‐syntonic. High suicidality in BPD patients underlines the significance of research into its pathology. While extensive research on the psychological and behavioral manifestations of BPD can be found in literature, the neuropsychological aspects of the disorder are still partially unknown, although the roles of certain brain structures in the manifestation of the pathology, such as the amygdala, hippocampus, insula, medial prefrontal and cingulate cortices, nucleus accumbens, and temporo‐occipital areas, have already been clarified. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge of the neuroanatomical and functional correlates of BPD, providing insights that may inform future research and therapeutic strategies.
Prospects for conserving freshwater fish biodiversity in the Anthropocene: A view from Southern China
Authors: Dudgeon David 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGlobally, population declines of freshwater animals have been consistently greater than counterparts in other realms, making fresh waters hot spots of endangerment—particularly for larger species. Furthermore, biotas have become increasingly homogenized as invasions by non‐native species proceed. These trends are particularly evident in Anthropocene China, where humans have profoundly altered freshwater ecosystems, with serious consequences for fishes and other aquatic vertebrates. Here, I examine the prospects for ‘bending the curve’ or reversing the trend of freshwater fish biodiversity loss in China, focusing on examples from the Yangtze and further south. Much of China's rich fish biodiversity is threatened, but a lack of contemporary surveys means that the conservation status of many species is uncertain, and ~40% of fishes are data deficient. Although nutrient pollution of major rivers has abated recently, poor water quality remains a concern, and the widespread proliferation of emerging contaminants and microplastics can be expected to have unpredictable (but detrimental) effects on the biota. Warmer temperatures will exacerbate the toxicity of micropollutants, and facilitate the spread of non‐native species that have been supplanting native fishes. Extensive dam construction has fragmented major rivers, and has blocked fish migrations, preventing access to spawning sites and leading to population extirpations. Dams limit the ability of fishes to adjust their ranges to compensate for global warming, with increased drought severity and frequency under climate change representing an existential threat. Overexploitation will be reduced by the recent introduction of a 10‐year fishing ban in the Yangtze basin, but dams, flow regulation, emerging contaminants and continuing habitat degradation will stymie any population recovery or significant recovery of biodiversity as a result of the ban. Furthermore, captive breeding and release programmes have failed to restore populations of threatened fishes because poor management of breeding stock has allowed inbreeding or hybridization leading to genetic pollution of wild populations. Other anthropogenic activities, such as large‐scale mining of river sand on the Yangtze flood plain—exacerbated by the sediment‐trapping effects of upstream dams—are persistent obstacles to reversing the trend of fish biodiversity loss in China.
Systematic review of phase aberration correction algorithms for transcranial focused ultrasound
Authors: Wang Mingyu , Xu Zhouyang , Cheng Bingbing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTranscranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is an emerging modality with strong potential for non‐invasively treating brain disorders. However, the inhomogeneity and complex structure of the skull induce substantial phase aberrations and pressure attenuation; these can distort and shift the acoustic focus, thus hindering the efficiency of tFUS therapy. To achieve effective treatments, phased array transducers combined with aberration correction algorithms are commonly implemented. The present report aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current methods used for tFUS phase aberration correction. We first searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies on phase aberration correction algorithms, identifying 54 articles for review. Relevant information, including the principles of algorithms and refocusing performances, were then extracted from the selected articles. The phase correction algorithms involved two main steps: acoustic field estimation and transmitted pulse adjustment. Our review identified key benchmarks for evaluating the effectiveness of these algorithms, each of which was used in at least three studies. These benchmarks included pressure and intensity, positioning error, focal region size, peak sidelobe ratio, and computational efficiency. Algorithm performances varied under different benchmarks, thus highlighting the importance of application‐specific algorithm selection for achieving optimal tFUS therapy outcomes. The present review provides a thorough overview and comparison of various phase correction algorithms, and may offer valuable guidance to tFUS researchers when selecting appropriate phase correction algorithms for specific applications.
Comparison of Outcomes After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Using Bioactive Glass–Ceramic Spacer‐7 (NOVOMAX‐FUSION) and an Allograft Spacer: A Retrospective, Case‐Matched, Multicenter Study
Authors: Jang Gi‐Wuk , Kim Kyung‐Hyun , Shin Dong‐Ah , Jang Hyun‐Joon , Lee Chang‐Kyu , Chin Dong‐Kyu , Park Jeong‐Yoon , Koo Seong‐Wook , Moon Bong‐Ju 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe bioactive glass–ceramic spacer (BGS)‐7, a biosynthetic intervertebral fusion material introduced in 2014, has not been the subject of comparative clinical studies on anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery. This study, for the first time, aims to compare the radiological and clinical outcomes of the renewed BGS‐7, released in 2019, with those of an allograft spacer. The comparison includes a finite element analysis of the biomechanical properties of each implant, adding a novel dimension to the research. We prospectively followed up on 29 patients who underwent ACDF using BGS‐7 as the experimental group. To select a control group for comparison, 253 patients with level 1 ACDF with an allograft spacer between 2012 and 2022 were selected from our hospital. Using propensity score matching, 27 and 54 patients in the BGS‐7 and allograft groups, respectively, were selected. The average subsidence length was 1.02 ± 1.44 mm per level in the BGS‐7 group and 2.27 ± 2.25 mm per level in the allograft group. Subsidence was observed in 14 of 54 patients (25.9%) in the allograft group and one of 27 patients (3.7%) in the BGS‐7 group (p = 0.016). In the allograft group, 16 of the 54 patients (29.6%) monitored for 6 months achieved satisfactory fusion outcomes with grades 4 and 5. Thirty‐eight of 54 patients (70.4%) followed up for > 1 year in the allograft group achieved adequate fusion outcomes with grades 4 and 5. In the BGS‐7 group, 17 of the 27 patients (63.0%) monitored for 6 months achieved satisfactory fusion results with grades 4 and 5. Twenty‐three of the 27 patients (85.2%) followed up for > 1 year obtained adequate fusion outcomes with grades 4 and 5. There was a significant difference in the fusion rates between the two groups at 6 months (p = 0.008). BGS‐7 is a reliable instrument for ACDF with no instances of instrumental failure. The BGS‐7 group had positive clinical outcomes after surgery without any untoward events, and an early fusion rate with the creation of a bone bridge was noted during the 6‐month follow‐up period. Our findings not only indicate the safety of BGS‐7 but also its practicality as a substitute for allografts in ACDF, instilling confidence in its application.
Bone Tissue Engineering With Chitosan, Carbon Nanotubes, and Hydroxyapatite Biomaterials Enriched With Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Radiographic and Histological Evaluation in a Sheep Model Undergoing Ostectomy (Bone Tissue Engineering in a Sheep Model)
Authors: de Moraes Marcondes Geissiane , Paretsis Nicole Fidalgo , da Silva Danielle Cristinne Baccarelli , de Souza Anderson Fernando , Rego Mario Antônio Ferraro , da Silva Grazieli Cristina Monteiro , Fülber Joice , Corrêa Luciana , Friedrichsdorf Simone Peixe , de Guzzi Plepis Ana Maria , da Conceição Amaro Martins Virginia , Cortopassi Silvia Renata Gaido , do Valle De Zoppa André Luis 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTComminuted fractures associated with tissue loss can adversely affect bone regeneration. Biomaterials enriched with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) employed for supporting osteosynthesis and potentiating osteoconduction are necessary to fill these bone defects. Natural compound biomaterials, similar to bone tissue, have been extensively tested in animal models for clinical use. Bone tissue engineering studies have used critical‐size defects in ovine tibia monitored by imaging and histological examinations to evaluate the regenerative process. This study aimed to monitor the regenerative process in ovine tibial defects with or without chitosan, carbon nanotubes, or hydroxyapatite biomaterials, enriched or not enriched with MSCs. A 3‐cm ostectomy was performed in 18 female Suffolk sheep. A 10‐hole 4.5 mm narrow locking compression plate was used for osteosynthesis. The animals were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6): control (CON); defects filled with chitosan, carbon nanotubes, and hydroxyapatite biomaterial (BIO); and the same biomaterial enriched with bone marrow MSCs (BIO + CELL). The animals were evaluated monthly using radiographic examinations until 90 postoperative days, when they were euthanized. The limbs were subjected to micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT), and bone specimens were subjected to histological evaluations. The radiographic examinations revealed construction stability without plate deviation, fracture, or bone lysis. Micro‐CT evaluation demonstrated a difference in bone microarchitecture between the CON and biomaterial treatment groups (BIO and BIO + CELL). In the histological evaluations, the CON group did not demonstrate bone formation, and in the treatment groups (BIO and BIO + CELL), biocompatibility with sheep tissue was noted, and bone formation with trabeculae interspersed with remnants of the biomaterial was observed, with no differences between the groups. In conclusion, biomaterials present osteoconduction with beneficial characteristics for filling bone‐lost fractures, and MSCs did not interfere with bone formation.
Enhanced biobutanol production from rice straw with a two‐stage packed‐bed fermenter coupled with in‐line gas stripping
Authors: Silvestre Carlos , Niedermeier Lukas , Capilla Miguel , Gabaldón Carmen , Álvarez‐Hornos Javier 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study describes the operation of continuous packed‐bed reactors containing Clostridium beijerinckii DSM 6422 attached to granular activated carbon to improve butanol productivity and sugar consumption from rice straw hydrolysate.RESULTSA single‐stage fermenter, which was evaluated at dilution rates ranging from 0.3 to 1.8 h−1, achieved a maximum butanol productivity of 4.44 g L−1 h−1 at a dilution rate of 1.2 h−1, corresponding to a sugar consumption of 40%. The performance of the two‐stage fermentation plant with in‐line gas stripping and effluent recycling was studied at a dilution rate of 1.2 h−1 for each bioreactor, resulting in a butanol productivity of 4.16 g L−1 h−1 in the first stage and 0.98 g L−1 h−1 in the second. Nutrient supplementation was identified as an effective method of enhancing butanol productivity by up to 50% in the second stage. The overall sugar consumption of the two‐stage packed‐bed reactor with in‐line gas stripping was 69%.CONCLUSIONThese findings show considerable promise for the future development of lignocellulosic biorefineries, as they demonstrate a potential to achieve economically profitable butanol production. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
An epidemiological study on the factors including genetic polymorphism influencing ALT >30 U/L and liver fibrosis progression in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease among the general population
Authors: Sato Satoshi , Iino Chikara , Sasada Takafumi , Soma Go , Furusawa Keisuke , Yoshida Kenta , Sawada Kaori , Mikami Tatsuya , Fukuda Shinsaku , Nakaji Shigeyuki , Sakuraba Hirotake 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and AimIdentifying the factors contributing to the progression of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a lifestyle‐related disease, is crucial for preventing future liver‐related deaths. This study aimed to epidemiologically investigate factors, including single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels >30 U/L and potential risk factors for liver fibrosis, in a general population cohort of patients with MASLD.MethodsAmong 1059 participants in the health checkup project, 228 who were diagnosed with MASLD were analyzed. Liver fat content and stiffness were measured using FibroScan, and 13 SNPs associated with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were measured in addition to other clinical parameters.ResultsIn the multivariate analysis, male sex, younger age, and high triglyceride levels were significant risk factors for ALT levels >30 U/L (P‐value < 0.05). Furthermore, among the 13 SNPs measured, only the GG genotypes of patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing 3 gene (PNPLA3) rs738409 and rs2896019 were significant risk factors for ALT levels >30 U/L (P‐value 0.004 and 0.007). The GG genotypes of PNPLA3 rs738409 and rs2896019 had higher FibroScan‐aspartate aminotransferase (FAST) and APRI scores than the CC + CG and TT + TG genotypes (P‐value < 0.05). In addition, multivariate analysis revealed that the GG genotypes of rs738409 and rs2896019 were significant risk factors independent of cardiovascular metabolic risk for patients with MASLD (P‐value 0.038 and 0.021).ConclusionAn individualized treatment approach is warranted for patients with MASLD due to the influence of various factors on its progression, including genetic factors and lifestyle diseases.