bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assisted liposuction (ultrasound‐assisted, power‐assisted, and laser‐assisted)
Authors: Piansay‐Soriano Miriam Emily 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLiposuction is currently the most popular surgical procedure for body contouring requested by patients in many parts of the world. Since its first published description in 1976, continuous evolution in concepts, techniques, and instrumentation has occurred, enhancing its safety and efficacy. Tumescent anesthesia, microcannulas, and good patient selection have enhanced safety. Assisted liposuction techniques utilizing innovative devices as adjuncts to traditional suction‐assisted lipectomy have enhanced efficacy. Three assisted liposuction techniques, which the author has adopted in her practice, namely, ultrasound‐assisted liposuction, power‐assisted liposuction, and laser‐assisted liposuction are reviewed. Methodology for this review consists of literature search from available liposuction textbooks and journal publications in English language, personal communication with liposuction surgeon colleagues, as well as the author's personal experience. This review aims to help dermatologic surgeons make intelligent equipment choices by presenting the evolution of liposuction concepts, instrumentation, and techniques and allow a better understanding of three methods of assisted liposuction.
Seasonal dynamics of mesozooplankton biomass over a sub‐Arctic continental shelf
Authors: Silberberger Marc J. , Renaud Paul E. , Eiane Ketil , Reiss Henning 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMesozooplankton research in high latitude ecosystems tends to focus on different life stages of Calanus spp. due to its biomass dominance and trophic roles. However, a complex seasonal succession of abundant smaller mesozooplankton taxa suggests that the ecological functioning of the mesozooplankton communities is more complicated. We studied the year‐round taxon‐specific biomass measurements and size distributions of mesozooplankton on a sub‐Arctic continental shelf based on formalin preserved samples. Our results confirm that Calanus spp. dominate the mesozooplankton biomass (81%). We show that commonly used length–weight relationships underestimate Calanus biomass in autumn and winter, and accordingly, a strong seasonal bias was introduced in our understanding of sub‐Arctic plankton communities. We observed two periods with considerable contribution of meroplankton, the planktonic larvae of benthic invertebrates, to the mesozooplankton biomass: (a) Cirripedia nauplii accounted for 17% of total biomass close to the coast in early April and (b) meroplankton comprised up to 12.7% of total biomass in late July. Based on these results, we suggest that meroplankton may play an ecologically important role in addition to their role in dispersal of benthic species. We conclude that the seasonal succession of the biomass of small‐sized holoplankton and meroplankton, often obscured by patterns in the Calanus biomass, should receive more attention as these smaller individuals are likely an important functional component of the pelagic food web.
A comparison of hillslope drainage area estimation methods using high‐resolution DEMs with implications for topographic studies of gullies
Authors: Walker Simon J. , van Dijk Albert I. J. M. , Wilkinson Scott N. , Hairsine Peter B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTopographic models provide a useful tool for understanding gully occurrence in the landscape but require reliable estimates of gully head drainage areas. Modern high‐resolution topography data (collected using structure from motion photogrammetry or light detection and ranging) is increasingly used for topographic studies of gullies, but little work has been done to assess the variability of gully head drainage area estimates using different methods. This study evaluated alternative approaches to using high‐resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) so that gully topographic models can be more readily applied to any area with suitably high‐resolution data. Specifically, we investigated the impact of single‐ or multiple‐direction flow routing algorithms, DEM hydrologic‐enforcement procedures and spatial resolution on gully head drainage area estimation. We tested these methods on a 40 km2 site centred on Weany Creek, a low‐relief semi‐arid landscape draining towards the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Using a subroutine to separate gully heads into those with divergent or convergent flow patterns upslope, we found that divergent flow conditions occurred at half of 484 studied gullies. Drainage areas estimated by different flow routing algorithms were more variable in these divergent cases than for convergent cases. This variation caused a significant difference between topographic threshold parameters (slope b and intercept k) derived from single‐ or multiple‐direction flow routing algorithms, respectively. Different methods of hydrologic enforcement (filling or breaching) also affected threshold analysis, resulting in estimates of the exponent b being ~188% higher if the DEM was filled than if breached. The testing of the methods to date indicates that a finer resolution (≤2 m) DEM and a multiple‐direction flow routing algorithm achieve the most realistic drainage area estimates in low‐relief landscapes. For Weany Creek we estimated threshold parameters k = 0.033 and b = 0.189, indicating that it is highly susceptible to gully erosion.
Chronic and Transgenerational Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations in Earthworms (Eisenia fetida)
Authors: Sobhani Zahra , Panneerselvan Logeshwaran , Fang Cheng , Naidu Ravi , Megharaj Mallavarapu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recently, soil contamination with microplastics has emerged as a serious global environmental concern that has necessitated more research on their potential impacts on soil biota. We investigated the acute and chronic toxicity of 2 different polystyrene microplastics, pure versus commercial (0–0.5% w/w in soil; sized 65–125 µm) on earthworm mortality, reproduction, and genotoxicity. Whereas the microplastics showed no acute toxicity in terms of mortality, reproduction was adversely affected in both parents (F0) and first filial generation (F1) of earthworms, with &gt;50% reduction in juvenile production at 0.5% microplastics concentration in soil. Also, significant genotoxicity in terms of DNA damage was observed in the F0 and F1 earthworms. Chemical analysis of microplastic-exposed soils showed the presence of several benzene derivatives that are associated with polystyrene particles. Our study, for the first time to our knowledge, demonstrated the long-term adverse effects on earthworms of polystyrene microplastics even at environmentally relevant concentrations. The results have significant implications for risk assessment of polystyrene microplastics to soil biota. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2240–2246. © 2021 SETAC
Research progress on the next‐generation probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila in the intestine
Authors: Han Wei , Zhuang Xuhui 
Published: May 2021

AbstractProbiotics are widely used for various fields, such as agriculture, food, and treatment and so on. Akkermansia muciniphila, the candidate for next‐generation probiotics, is an intestinal bacterium that was isolated from a human fecal sample. It has been proved that A. muciniphila is closely related to multiple disease and metabolic disorders. What's more, its functions are not limited to intestinal diseases only, and even affect aging and cognition. Therefore, we would like to summarize the related research progress on A. muciniphila though this review, which help us to learn its role in the microbial networks, as well as to understand its positive impacts on the health of animals and human.
A multiscale modeling method incorporating spatial coupling and temporal coupling into transient simulations of the human airways
Authors: Fan Zhenya , Holmes David W. , Sauret Emilie , Islam Mohammad S. , Saha Suvash C. , Ristovski Zoran , Gu YuanTong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this article, a novel multiscale modeling method is proposed for transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the human airways. The developed method is the first attempt to incorporate spatial coupling and temporal coupling into transient human airway simulations, aiming to improve the flexibility and the efficiency of these simulations. In this method, domain decomposition was used to separate the complex airway model into different scaled domains. Each scaled domain could adopt a suitable mesh and timestep, as necessary: the coarse mesh and large timestep were employed in the macro regions to reduce the computational cost, while the fine mesh and small timestep were used in micro regions to maintain the simulation accuracy. The radial point interpolation method was used to couple data between the coarse mesh and the fine mesh. The continuous micro solution–intermittent temporal coupling method was applied to bridge different timesteps. The developed method was benchmarked using a well‐studied four‐generation symmetric airway model under realistic normal breath conditions. The accuracy and efficiency of the method were verified separately in the inhalation phase and the exhalation phase. Similar airflow behavior to previous studies was observed from the multiscale airway model. The developed multiscale method has the potential to improve the flexibility and efficiency of transient human airway simulations without sacrificing accuracy.
Retaining red bell pepper quality by perforated compostable packaging
Authors: Owoyemi Abiola , Rodov Victor , Porat Ron 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRetail packages are widely used to preserve pepper fruit quality. However, due to the negative impact of conventional plastics on the environment there is an urgent need to replace these packaging materials with recyclable or compostable alternatives. Hereby, we evaluated the effects of compostable modified atmosphere packages with different perforation rates on keeping the quality of red bell pepper fruit during extended shelf life and simulated supply chain conditions. The results indicated that micro‐perforated (µP) compostable packages creating an atmosphere of 15%–18% O2 and 2%–5% CO2, as well as macro‐perforated (MP) compostable packages creating an atmosphere of 20%–21% O2 and 0.1%–0.5% CO2, effectively retained red bell pepper quality by reducing fruit weight loss, shriveling and softening, and by retaining flavor acceptance and visual appearance. On the other hand, nonperforated compostable packages resulted in the creation of anaerobic conditions (O2 < 1% and CO2 > 9%), and harmed produce quality as manifested by enhanced softening, decay, peel damage, and off‐flavors. Overall, µP and MP compostable packages extended pepper fruit shelf life from 1 week to 3 weeks under continuous shelf life conditions, and from 2 weeks to 4 weeks under simulated supply chain and refrigerated storage conditions.
Unearthing citizens' acceptance factors for e‐participation initiatives through Facebook
Authors: Alarabiat Ayman , Wahbeh Nemer 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the determinant factors for citizens' acceptance of e‐participation initiatives that are sponsored by local governments through Facebook. The study proposes a model integrating the task‐technology fit theory and technology acceptance model with two additional factors: perceived outcome and government truthfulness. A self‐developed questionnaire was designed, and the conceptual model proposed was tested by applying the structural equation modeling method to a sample of 414 citizens from Jordan using a random sampling technique. The results indicated that citizens' attitude was the strongest predictor of citizens' acceptance, followed by the perceived outcome. The results also revealed the importance of task‐technology fit and perceived usefulness in shaping and explaining citizens' attitudes, which further lead to citizens' acceptance. Government truthfulness had no direct effect on citizens' acceptance. However, it positively affected the perceived outcome. The study makes a valuable contribution to the existing body of e‐participation research as it contributes to recent efforts toward understanding the citizen perspective of e‐participation initiatives. This study heeds the call to enrich e‐participation via theoretical underpinnings, particularly via the behavioral science approach of information systems. The study followed this approach by understanding the impact of citizen's beliefs, technological capabilities and the expected outcome to predict citizens' acceptance behavior toward e‐participation. Finally, the study provides several recommendations to help local governments in their pursuit to increase citizen participation.
COVID‐19‐another influential event impacts on laboratory medicine management
Authors: Luo YunTao , Wang JingHua , Zhang MinMin , Wang QingZhong , Chen Rong , Wang XueLiang , Wang HuaLiang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundBefore public health emergencies became a major challenge worldwide, the scope of laboratory management was only related to developing, maintaining, improving, and sustaining the quality of accurate laboratory results for improved clinical outcomes. Indeed, quality management is an especially important aspect and has achieved great milestones during the development of clinical laboratories.Current statusHowever, since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic continues to be a threat worldwide, previous management mode inside the separate laboratory could not cater to the demand of the COVID‐19 public health emergency. Among emerging new issues, the prominent challenges during the period of COVID‐19 pandemic are rapid‐launched laboratory‐developed tests (LDTs) for urgent clinical application, rapid expansion of testing capabilities, laboratory medicine resources, and personnel shortages. These related issues are now impacting on clinical laboratory and need to be effectively addressed.ConclusionDifferent from traditional views of laboratory medicine management that focus on separate laboratories, present clinical laboratory management must be multidimensional mode which should consider consolidation of the efficient network of regional clinical laboratories and reasonable planning of laboratories resources from the view of overall strategy. Based on relevant research and our experience, in this review, we retrospect the history trajectory of laboratory medicine management, and also, we provide existing and other feasible recommended management strategies for laboratory medicine in future.
Conceptualizing multilevel research designs of resilience
Authors: Thibodeaux Jarrett 
Published: May 2021

AbstractResilience is a broad concept allowing us to understand health and well‐being as a multidimensional process that continually grapples with a multitude of stressors. Currently, there are efforts across disciplines and scales to develop this concept of resilience. Unfortunately, individual and community resilience efforts tend to only abstractly conceptualize macroscale dynamics while social–ecological efforts tend to treat individuals and communities as nonindependent components of these macroscale dynamics. Combining these efforts is needed to create a robust dialog around resilience. This paper reviews and synthesizes social–ecological, community, and individual resilience literature by proposing longitudinal, multilevel models of resilience. In developing these models, some of the issues that have prevented synthesizing these literatures are resolved, including generalizability issues, within system variation, and the operationalization of social and natural and micro‐ and macroscale factors. Three brief examples are presented to elaborate on the utility of the multilevel model of resilience.
Mental health service utilization among African immigrants in the United States
Authors: Saasa Sherinah K. , Rai Abha , Malazarte Nikki , Yirenya‐Tawiah Abena E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study utilized Andersen's model of health behavior to explore factors associated with mental health service utilization. We also examine rates for mental health service use, treatment preferences, and barriers to care. Data were collected utilizing web‐based surveys. The sample consisted of first and second‐generation African immigrants who had struggled with emotional or behavioral problems in the past 12 months (N = 323). Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine predictors of mental health service utilization. The majority of participants (79.5%) met criteria for probable major depression, and 63% sought mental health services. Findings showed that mental health service utilization was more significantly predicted by enabling and need factors. Age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.03), religiosity (OR = 1.11), acculturative stress (OR = 1.68), neighborhood risk (OR = 0.54), and work‐productivity loss (OR = 2.93) were associated with increased likelihood of mental health service use (p < 0.05). Most common barriers to service use were hopes of self‐healing (56.3%) followed by financial barriers (46.2%). Findings highlight the need for public health initiatives to increase mental health literacy and financial accessibility to mental health services in response to the high mental health need and identified barriers to care in this population.
Hsa_circRNA_102229 facilitates the progression of triple‐negative breast cancer via regulating the miR‐152‐3p/PFTK1 pathway
Authors: Du Chuang , Zhang Jianhua , Zhang Linfeng , Zhang Yingying , Wang Yan , Li Jingruo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing evidence has suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) may act as an important regulatory factor in tumor progression. However, how circRNAs exert their functions in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains not clearly understood.MethodsFirst, circRNA microarrays were conducted to identify aberrantly expressed circRNAs in TNBC tissues. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was conducted to calculate the correlation between the level of hsa_circRNA_102229 and outcomes of patients with TNBC. The effect of hsa_circRNA_102229 and serine/threonine‐protein kinase PFTAIRE 1 (PFTK1) on TNBC cells was clarified by cell counting kit‐8, transwell and wound healing assays, as well as by a flow cytometry. The molecular mechanism of hsa_circRNA_102229 was clarified through bioinformatics, a dual‐luciferase reporter assay, western blotting, fluorescence in situ hybridization and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Tumor xenograft experiments were performed to analyze growth and metastasis of TNBC in vivo.ResultsIn TNBC tissues and cells, hsa_circ_102229 was remarkably up‐regulated. Patients with TNBC presenting high hsa_circ_102229 exhibited poor prognosis. Moreover, hsa_circ_102229 could promote the migration, proliferation and invasion, whereas it inhibited the apoptosis of TNBC cells. Furthermore, hsa_circ_102229 directly targeted miR‐152‐3p and could regulate the expression of PFTK1 by targeting miR‐152‐3p. Rescue assays suggested that hsa_circ_102229 may exert its function in TNBC cells by regulating PFTK1. Additionally, knockdown of hsa_circ_102229 slowed down TNBC tumorigenesis and lung metastasis in a tumor xenograft animal model.ConclusionsHsa_circ_102229 might serve as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to modulate PFTK1 expression via regulating miR‐152‐3p to affect the functions of TNBC cells. Hsa_circ_102229 acts as a newly discovered biomarker for TNBC treatment.
Dysregulation of long non‐coding RNAs and their mechanisms in Huntington's disease
Authors: Tan Xiaoping , Liu Yang , Liu Yan , Zhang Taiming , Cong Shuyan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExtensive alterations in gene regulatory networks are a typical characteristic of Huntington's disease (HD); these include alterations in protein‐coding genes and poorly understood non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are associated with pathology caused by mutant huntingtin. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an important class of ncRNAs involved in a variety of biological functions, including transcriptional regulation and post‐transcriptional modification of many targets, and likely contributed to the pathogenesis of HD. While a number of changes in lncRNAs expression have been observed in HD, little is currently known about their functions. Here, we discuss their possible mechanisms and molecular functions, with a particular focus on their roles in transcriptional regulation. These findings give us a better insight into HD pathogenesis and may provide new targets for the treatment of this neurodegenerative disease.
The association between soy‐based food and soy isoflavone intake and the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Yameng , Guo Jiaping , Yu Fei , Tian Yongmei , Wu Yongjun , Cui Lingling , Liu Li‐e 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSoy contains many bioactive phytochemicals, such as isoflavones, which have the effect of preventing many cancers. Some studies have shown the beneficial effect of soy‐based food and isoflavone intake on gastric cancer (GC), while others claimed no effect. Therefore, whether the beneficial effect of soy‐based food is related to its fermentation or whether its protective effect comes from isoflavones still remains inconclusive. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between total soybean, fermented soybean, non‐fermented soybean and isoflavone intake, and the risk of GC. Ten cohort studies and 21 case–control studies involving 916 354 participants were included. The association between soy‐based food and isoflavone intake and the risk of GC was calculated with the pooled relative risks (RRs) for the highest versus lowest intake categories. The results showed that isoflavone intake might be a protective factor to GC, but the result was not statistically significant (RR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.79–1.07). However, total soybean intake could significantly decrease the risk of GC by 36% (RR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.51–0.80), which might be credited to non‐fermented soybean products (RR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.71–0.87). In contrast, high intake of fermented soybean products could increase the risk of GC (RR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02–1.38). High intake of total soybean and non‐fermented soybean products could reduce the risk of GC, and high intake of fermented soybean products could increase the risk, which indicated that the beneficial effect of soy‐based food might be related to its non‐fermentation. However, high intake of isoflavones may not be associated with the incidence of GC. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Integration of large‐area optical imagers for biometric recognition and touch in displays
Authors: Akkerman Hylke , Peeters Bart , van Breemen Albert , Shanmugam Santhosh , Ugalde Lopez Leslye , Tordera Daniel , van de Ketterij Richard , Delvitto Ezequiel , Verbeek Roy , Malinowski Paweł , Ke Tung‐Huei , De Roose Florian , Moreno Hagelsieb Luis , Katsouras Ilias , Kronemeijer Auke Jisk , Meulenkamp Eric , Gelinck Gerwin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn recent years there has been an increasing interest to integrate optical sensing in mobile displays, for instance, for biometric fingerprint scanning functionality. There are several routes to incorporate optical fingerprint functionality within the full display area, each with their own benefits and challenges. Here we investigate the different integration routes using large‐area, ultra‐thin imagers based on organic photodiodes.