bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary cytokines as biomarkers of oral cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chiamulera Mayara Martina Abatti , Zancan Caroline Biazzolo , Remor Aline Pertile , Cordeiro Marcos Freitas , Gleber-Netto Frederico Omar , Baptistella Antuani Rafael 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundOral cancer (OC) is usually diagnosed at advanced clinical stages due to its asymptomatic nature and absence of pathognomonic signs in its early development phase. Delayed diagnosis is one of the major causes of OC treatment failure and poor prognosis. Development of alternative diagnostic approaches are imperative for improving early detection and therapeutic success rates. Salivary cytokines (SC) have been studied as potential diagnostic biomarkers for OC and may represent a potential tool for improvement of its early detection.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis we identified SC studied as OC biomarkers by systematically reviewing the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases using the terms: “oral cancer”, “cytokine”, and“saliva”, and also combined with “interleukin”or “interferon”. Only case-control studies that measured SC by ELISA from treatment naïve patients were included in the qualitative review. For the meta-analysis were included all comparable studies that provided enough data (sample size, mean and standard deviation or standard error of the mean) for SC levels in OC patients, non-cancer controls and patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), including leukoplakia. Comparisons with patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and gingivitis were included in the qualitative analysis.ResultsA total of 28 articles (from 2004 to 2018) were included in the systematic review, describing 10 different SC, being IL-8 and IL-6 the most studied ones. SC levels were consistently higher among OC patients when compared to healthy controls and to patients with OPMD, OLP and gingivitis. Meta-analysis including 23 eligible studies showed that IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 salivary levels were significantly higher in OC patients compared to controls; and that IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β salivary levels were also higher in OC patients compared to individuals with OPMD. When compared to healthy controls, OPMD patients showed significantly higher IL-6 and TNF-α salivary levels.ConclusionsOur analyses showed that the salivary levels of some cytokines are consistently different among OC, OPMD and healthy patients, indicating that these SC may represent potential diagnostic biomarkers for OC and OPMD. Despite of that, SC levels were highly variable among studies, suggesting that further technical improvement and standardization for SC measurement by ELISA is needed in order to successfully translate these biomarkers to the clinical practice.
Efficacy of parent-infant psychotherapy compared to care as usual in children with regulatory disorders in clinical and outpatient settings: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial as part of the SKKIPPI project
Authors: Sprengeler Mona Katharina , Mattheß Janna , Eckert Melanie , Richter Katharina , Koch Gabriele , Reinhold Thomas , Vienhues Petra , Berghöfer Anne , Fricke Julia , Roll Stephanie , Keil Thomas , Ludwig-Körner Christiane , Kuchinke Lars , von Klitzing Kai , Schlensog-Schuster Franziska 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe first years of life are a significant period for child development, when children are particularly sensitive and prone to crises. This early phase lays the foundation for healthy growth. Clinical assessment of psychological symptoms in early infancy and adequate treatment are both important in improving the diagnostic outcome and preventing later long-term developmental consequences. The most common psychological problems in the first 3 years of life are regulatory disorders. The aim of this trial is to investigate the efficacy of Parent-Infant Psychotherapy (PIP) for infants and young children (aged 0–36 months, diagnosed with at least one regulatory disorder) and their mothers, compared to care as usual (CAU).MethodsIn this open multicentre randomised controlled trial, 160 mother-infant dyads are randomised to receive PIP or CAU for 6 weeks of intervention in clinical or outpatient (including home treatment) settings. The primary outcome is the maternal sensitivity (sensitivity scale of the Emotional Availability Scales (EAS)) after 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes include assessment of interaction, mental health problems, attachment, development, psychological factors, treatment adherence, health care system utilisation, and costs, after 6 weeks and 12 months.DiscussionThis study will evaluate whether a manualised focus-based short-term psychodynamic psychotherapeutic intervention in mother-child dyads improves the care situation for families of children diagnosed with regulatory disorders, and helps prevent long-term psychopathologies. Assessment of the intervention in different settings will support the development of more tailored interventions for affected infants and their mothers.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trial Register, ID:DRKS00017008. Registered 03/20/2019.
Extended network analysis: from psychopathology to chronic illness
Authors: Isvoranu Adela-Maria , Abdin Edimansyah , Chong Siow Ann , Vaingankar Janhavi , Borsboom Denny , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Understanding complex associations between psychopathology and chronic illness is instrumental in facilitating both research and treatment progress. The current study is the first and only network-based study to provide such an encompassing view of unique associations between a multitude of mental and physical health-related domains.

Methods
The current analyses were based on the Singapore Mental Health Study, a cross-sectional study of adult Singapore residents. The study sample consisted of 6616 respondents, of which 49.8% were male and 50.2% female. A network structure was constructed to examine associations between psychopathology, alcohol use, gambling, major chronic conditions, and functioning.

Results
The network structure identified what we have labeled a Cartesian graph: a network visibly split into a psychopathological domain and a physical health domain. The borders between these domains were fuzzy and bridged by various cross-domain associations, with functioning items playing an important role in bridging chronic conditions to psychopathology.

Conclusions
Current results deliver a comprehensive overview of the complex relation between psychopathology, functioning, and chronic illness, highlighting potential pathways to comorbidity.
A cross-sectional study to identify the determinants of non-communicable diseases among fishermen in Southern India
Authors: Doddamani Akhila , Ballala A. B. Kirthinath , Madhyastha Sharath P. , Kamath Asha , Kulkarni Muralidhar M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundIndia is currently facing a rising epidemic of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Identification of modifiable risk factors is of paramount importance to curb this menace. Fishermen are one of the most vulnerable occupational groups with unique characteristics that make them prone to acquire NCDs, as a significant share of their life is spent at sea. Hence, this study was planned to ascertain the burden of NCDs, determine various risk factors of NCDs, and measure the association between risk factors and NCDs among fishermen of Coastal Karnataka in South India.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 681 fishermen aged 18 years and above as per the semi-structured interview schedule for two years (2017–2019). A convenience sampling strategy was adopted. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS v.15.0. The results were described in terms of proportions and their 95% confidence intervals. Continuous data were summarized using the mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range depending on the skewness of data. Chi-square test was used to study the association between NCDs and modifiable risk factors. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of NCDs.ResultsThe mean (SD) age of the population was 42.5 (SD 12.5) years. The mean years involved in fishing was 19.8 years (SD 10.9). More than half (59.5%) of the study participants had severe stress and most (80.3%) were ever substance users. Advancing age, not being able to contact family while at sea, poor dietary practice, ever substance use, increasing waist circumference were significant correlates of NCDs.ConclusionsThe commonly prevalent risk factors of NCDs among fishermen included poor dietary practice, higher stress levels, substance use, increasing waist circumference, and inability to contact with family while at sea. Hypertension and Diabetes were the two common NCDs in the study population. There is a need for immediate attention in managing NCDs’ risk factors by promoting a healthy lifestyle by primary health care providers through a sustainable community awareness program targeting fishermen at a convenient time and location, either at the sea-port or meeting places. Harmful effects of substance use, healthy dietary practices, and the importance of physical activity outside their job need emphasis. In addition, screening programs should be organized with the help of boat owners and fishing associations at-least once a year to pick up NCDs at an early stage.
Sex differences in factors associated with heart failure and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction: a cross-sectional population-based study
Authors:   on behalf of the PREDICTOR Study Group, Cesaroni Giulia , Mureddu Gian Francesco , Agabiti Nera , Mayer Flavia , Stafoggia Massimo , Forastiere Francesco , Latini Roberto , Masson Serge , Davoli Marina , Boccanelli Alessandro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Although sex differences in cardiovascular diseases are recognised, including differences in incidence, clinical presentation, response to treatments, and outcomes, most of the practice guidelines are not sex-specific. Heart failure (HF) is a major public health challenge, with high health care expenditures, high prevalence, and poor clinical outcomes. The objective was to analyse the sex-specific association of socio-demographics, life-style factors and health characteristics with the prevalence of HF and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction (DLVD) in a cross-sectional population-based study.

Methods
A random sample of 2001 65–84 year-olds underwent physical examination, laboratory measurements, including N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), electrocardiography, and echocardiography. We selected the subjects with no missing values in covariates and echocardiographic parameters and performed a complete case analysis. Sex-specific multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with the prevalence of the diseases, multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the factors associated to asymptomatic and symptomatic LVD, and spline curves to display the relationship between the conditions and both age and NT-proBNP.

Results
In 857 men included, there were 66 cases of HF and 408 cases of DLVD (77% not reporting symptoms). In 819 women, there were 51 cases of HF and 382 of DLVD (79% not reporting symptoms). In men, the factors associated with prevalence of HF were age, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and suffering from three or more comorbid conditions. In women, the factors associated with HF were age, lifestyles (smoking and alcohol), BMI, hypertension, and atrial fibrillation. Age and diabetes were associated to asymptomatic DLVD in both genders. NT-proBNP levels were more strongly associated with HF in men than in women.

Conclusions
There were sex differences in the factors associated with HF. The results suggest that prevention policies should consider the sex-specific impact on cardiac function of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors.
Investigating public values in health care priority – Chileans´ preference for national health care
Authors: Núñez Alicia , Chi Chunhuei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aims to assess preferences and values for priority setting in healthcare in Chile through an original and innovative survey method. Based on the answers from a previous survey that look into the barriers the Chilean population face, this study considers the preferences of the communities overcoming those barriers. As a result six programs were identified: (1) new infrastructure, (2) better healthcare coverage, (3) increasing physicians/specialists, (4) new informatics systems, (5) new awareness healthcare programs, and (6) improving availability of drugs.

Methods
We applied an innovative survey method developed for this study to sample subjects to prioritize these programs by their opinion and by allocating resources. The survey also asked people’s preferences for a distributive justice principle for healthcare to guide priority setting of services in Chile. The survey was conducted with a sample of 1142 individuals.

Results
More than half of the interviewees (56.4%) indicated a single program as their first priority, while 20.1% selected two of them as their first priority. To increase the number of doctors/specialists and improve patient-doctor communication was the program that obtained the highest priority. The second and third priorities correspond to improving and investing in infrastructure and expanding the coverage of healthcare insurances. Additionally, the results showed that equal access for equal healthcare is the principle selected by the majority to guide distributive justice for the Chilean health system.

Conclusions
This study shows how a large population sample can participate in major decision making of national health policies, including making a choice of a distributive justice principle. Despite the complexity of the questions asked, this study demonstrated that with an innovative method and adequate guidance, average population is capable of engaging in expressing their preferences and values. Results of this study provide policy-makers useful community generated information for prioritizing policies to improve healthcare access.
A feasibility randomised controlled trial of Novel Activity Management in severe ASthma-Tailored Exercise (NAMASTE): yoga and mindfulness
Authors: Hiles Sarah A. , Urroz Paola D. , Gibson Peter G. , Bogdanovs Adam , McDonald Vanessa M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Physical inactivity is common in severe asthma and associated with poor health outcomes. New approaches are needed to address physical inactivity in this group.

Objective
To examine whether yoga and mindfulness improves health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared with a minimal active control group and collect feasibility data to inform future studies.

Methods
Over 12-weeks, adults with severe asthma were recruited. Participants were randomised 2:1 to parallel yoga or control groups. All participants received an activity tracker. The yoga group received tailored group classes twice a week for 16-weeks with a qualified yoga instructor. The control group set activity goals with a research officer and received eight progress calls. Outcomes were assessed at 16-weeks. Primary outcome was St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Secondary outcomes included asthma control, physical activity, breathlessness, and inflammation. Face-to-face qualitative interviews were conducted to determine acceptability.

Results
There were 15 participants randomised to yoga (mean 67 years; 60% female) and 9 to control (68 years; 56% female). Planned comparisons indicated the yoga group had greater SGRQ improvement than the control group. There was little change in secondary outcomes. Moderate-vigorous activity increased substantially in the control group. Participants found the intervention acceptable; key barriers and facilitators were social connection, the setting, addressing breathing and asthma symptoms, changing their mindset, and the intersection of different elements.

Conclusion
A yoga and mindfulness intervention was feasible, acceptable to patients and improved HRQoL. The findings will inform design of much needed future research into physical activity interventions for severe asthma.
World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform The study was registered under the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) on the 26th of November 2018, Trial ID ACTRN12618001914257.
Relationship between insulin sensitivity and gene expression in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Parikh Hemang M. , Elgzyri Targ , Alibegovic Amra , Hiscock Natalie , Ekström Ola , Eriksson Karl-Fredrik , Vaag Allan , Groop Leif C. , Ström Kristoffer , Hansson Ola 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle is a key feature of the pre-diabetic state, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases and also predicts type 2 diabetes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood.MethodsTo explore these mechanisms, we related global skeletal muscle gene expression profiling of 38 non-diabetic men to a surrogate measure of insulin sensitivity,i.e.homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).ResultsWe identified 70 genes positively and 110 genes inversely correlated with insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle, identifying autophagy-related genes as positively correlated with insulin sensitivity. Replication in an independent study of 9 non-diabetic men resulted in 10 overlapping genes that strongly correlated with insulin sensitivity, includingSIRT2, involved in lipid metabolism, andFBXW5that regulates mammalian target-of-rapamycin (mTOR) and autophagy. The expressions ofSIRT2andFBXW5were also positively correlated with the expression of key genes promoting the phenotype of an insulin sensitive myocytee.g.PPARGC1A.ConclusionsThe muscle expression of 180 genes were correlated with insulin sensitivity. These data suggest that activation of genes involved in lipid metabolism,e.g.SIRT2, and genes regulating autophagy and mTOR signaling,e.g.FBXW5, are associated with increased insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle, reflecting a highly flexible nutrient sensing.
Association between hemoglobin within the normal range and hemoglobin A1c among Chinese non-diabetes adults
Authors: Lai Yi , Lin Zhihong , Zhu Zhongxin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is the product of a non-enzymatic chemical reaction between hemoglobin (Hb) and glucose. However, the association between Hb and HbA1c remains to be fully elucidated in view of the controversial findings reported to date. Therefore, our aim in this study was to evaluate the association between Hb levels within the normal range and HbA1c levels among Chinese non-diabetes adults using cross-sectional data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009.MethodsOur analysis was based on the data of 1659 non-diabete adults 20–49 years of age. Multivariable linear models were applied to examine the association between Hb and HbA1c levels. Subgroup analyses stratified by age and sex were also performed.ResultsThe association between Hb and HbA1c levels was positive in the unadjusted model (β =0.020, 95% CI: 0.008, 0.032). However, this association did not remain significant when the regression model was minimally adjusted for age and sex (β =0.006, 95% CI: − 0.014, 0.024); this association became negative when the model was further adjusted for covariates whose effect estimates of HbA1c levels more than 10% (β = − 0.042, 95% CI: − 0.064, − 0.020). The association remained negative on subgroup analyses stratified by age (20–34 years: β = − 0.052, 95% CI: − 0.091, − 0.013; 35–49 years: β = − 0.041, 95% CI: − 0.068, − 0.014) and sex (men: β = − 0.042, 95% CI: − 0.074, − 0.010; women: β = − 0.042, 95% CI: − 0.073, − 0.012) when controlling for covariates.ConclusionsOur findings revealed that Hb levels within the normal range were negatively associated with HbA1c levels among Chinese non-diabetes adults. Confounding factors, such as red blood cell counts can affect the association between Hb and HbA1c levels.
Perception of oral health and medical conditions as possible predictors of oral health status in visually impaired adolescents: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sharififard Nasrin , Sargeran Katayoun , Gholami Mahdia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
We aimed to assess oral health and oral hygiene status among visually impaired adolescents and also to evaluate the factors related to their oral health.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study among 130 visually impaired adolescents in Tehran, Iran, in December 2018. Of three schools for visually impaired children in Tehran, children in the sixth to the tenth grade (aged 12–17 years) were included after obtaining their parents’ consent. WHO oral health questionnaire for children was filled out through face to face interviews. General characteristics were age, gender, status of visual impairment, place of residence, and parental education level. Oral health-related questions were perceived dental and gingival health, dental self-care, dental visits, medical conditions, and dietary habits. Oral examinations included Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI‑S), and Bleeding on Probing (BOP). Univariate and multiple logistic regression tests were applied using STATA.

Results
The mean age (SD) of the adolescents was 14.45 (1.61) years. The fully blind children were 33.8%, and those with low vision were 66.2%. Regarding the perception of dental and gingival health, nearly half of the adolescents were satisfied. The mean DMFT and decayed component (DT) were 2.43 ± 2.24 and 1.92 ± 2.12, respectively. The frequency of DMFT ≥ 3 was 45.4%. The mean OHI-S was 2.01 ± 0.70, and OHI-S > 1.8 was reported in 60% of children. The prevalence of BOP was 79.2%. DMFT was significantly associated with toothache (P = 0.003, OR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.54–9.09), perceived dental health (P = 0.005, OR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.40–6.67), and medical conditions (P = 0.03, OR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.13–8.68). In addition, OHI-S was related to gender (P = 0.02, OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.15–0.83), perceived dental health (P = 0.006, OR = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.35–6.12) and medical conditions (P = 0.04, OR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.04–8.97). BOP was associated with perceived gingival health (P = 0.02, OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.18–7.33).

Conclusions
Medical conditions and perceived dental and gingival health are possible predictors for oral health status in these adolescents. Although these children could not visualize caries or gingival bleeding during the brushing time, they could perceive the status of their oral health correctly. Also, being involved in medical problems can make more ignorance of oral health.