bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manipulating Surface Termination of Perovskite Manganate for Oxygen Activation
Authors: Wang Xiyang , Li Xinbo , Chu Xuefeng , Cao Rui , Qian Jingyu , Cong Yingge , Huang Keke , Wang Jiaao , Redshaw Carl , Sarangi Ritimukta , Li Guangshe , Feng Shouhua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFor ABO3 perovskite oxides, one of the key issues limiting their utilization in heterogeneous catalysis is the dominant presence of catalytically inactive A‐site cations at the surface. The engineering of B‐site terminated perovskites is considered as an effective method to address this issue, especially when dealing with Mn/Co‐based perovskite catalysts. However, to date, such a strategy has not been fully successful and remains a major challenge in the field. Herein, a Mn‐terminated La0.45Sr0.45MnO3 (B‐LSM) is successfully synthesized via a one‐pot hydrothermal method, in which low‐valence Mn ions partially occupy the A site to form the active Mn‐excess phase. Experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that the presence of the surface Mn termination in B‐LSM optimizes the hybrid orbitals of Mn 3d‐O 2p and promotes the activation of surface lattice oxygen, where the pristine inert lattice O2− is evolved into active and stable lattice O2−x. Such structural optimization significantly reduces the activation energy barriers on going from O2− species to important intermediate O− species during O2 activation. Moreover, this results in good stability and Pt‐like activity for the B‐LSM during CO oxidation. This work offers a new chemical route for the design of advanced perovskite‐type oxides possessing novel functions.
High Performance Artificial Muscles to Engineer a Ventricular Cardiac Assist Device and Future Perspectives of a Cardiac Sleeve
Authors: Kongahage Dharshika , Ruhparwar Arjang , Foroughi Javad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThere is an urgent need for ventricular assist devices (VADs) that can assist in complex biological functions such as the contraction of heart muscle. Although the design improvements implemented with each generation of VADs have helped to increase patient's wellbeing. But the portability, implantability due to the bulkiness, and the lack of pulsatility are continuing to be clinical challenges. In addition, contact between blood and artificial surfaces remains, necessitating long‐term blood‐thinning medications for patients with VADs. Herein, a concept of new VADs is demonstrated that may provide an improved power system with miniaturization and pulsatility control. This work will examine this new generation of electrically contractile polymer‐based actuators for positive inotropic support for both the left and right ventricle (high‐ and low‐pressure system) as cardiomyoplasty. A silicone coated electrothermal actuator is fabricated to engineer VAD, which is able to mimic the pressure on a model. This represents the first successful study demonstrating that artificial muscle can be a decent alternative to support patients with heart muscle weaknesses.
Uncovering the Electron‐Phonon Interplay and Dynamical Energy‐Dissipation Mechanisms of Hot Carriers in Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites
Authors: Chan Christopher C. S. , Fan Kezhou , Wang Han , Huang Zhanfeng , Novko Dino , Yan Keyou , Xu Jianbin , Choy Wallace C. H. , Lončarić Ivor , Wong Kam Sing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe discovery of slow hot carrier cooling in hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites (HOIPs) has provided exciting prospects for efficient solar cells that can overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit. Questions still loom over how electron‐phonon interactions differ from traditional polar semiconductors. Herein, the electron‐phonon coupling (EPC) strength of common perovskite films (MAPbBr3, MAPbI3, CsPbI3, and FAPbBr3) is obtained using transient absorption spectroscopy by analyzing the hot carrier cooling thermodynamics via a simplified two‐temperature model. Density function theory calculations are numerically performed at relevant electron‐temperatures to confirm experiments. Further, the variation of carrier‐temperature over a large range of carrier‐densities in HOIPs is analyzed, and an “S‐shaped” dependence of the initial carrier‐temperature to carrier‐density is reported. The phenomenon is attributed to the dominance of the large polaron screening and the destabilization effect which causes an increasing‐decreasing fluctuation in temperature at low excitation powers; and a hot‐phonon bottleneck which effectively increases the carrier temperature at higher carrier‐densities. The turning point in the relationship is indicative of the critical Mott density related to the nonmetal‐metal transition. The EPC analysis provides a novel perspective to quantify the energy transfer in HOIPs, electron‐lattice subsystem, and the complicated screening‐bottleneck interplay is comprehensively described, resolving the existing experimental contradictions.
Synthesis and characterization of eugenol‐based silicone modified waterborne polyurethane with excellent properties
Authors: Zhang Xiaojing , Cai Yuquan , Zhang Xianwei , Aziz Tariq , Fan Hong , Bittencourt Carla 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA eugenol‐based silicone‐containing monomer 4,4′‐(1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane‐1,3‐dipropyl)bis‐2‐methoxyphenol(EUSi) was synthesized from eugenol and 1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane via the hydrosilylation reaction. And waterborne polyurethane (WPU) with excellent properties was obtained by using EUSi as a type of diol chain extender. The unique combination of rigidity and flexibility in the chemical structure of EUSi greatly facilitated the mechanical properties, thermal properties, and water resistance of WPU. With only a 3% dosage of EUSi, the maximum tensile strength was increased from 6.2 to 22.4 MPa, while the water absorption was decreased from 31.3% to a surprisingly 7.6%. Our work provides a new convenient strategy for the preparation of organosilicon‐modified WPU with improved performance.
Potential of deep learning segmentation for the extraction of archaeological features from historical map series
Authors: Garcia‐Molsosa Arnau , Orengo Hector A. , Lawrence Dan , Philip Graham , Hopper Kristen , Petrie Cameron A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHistorical maps present a unique depiction of past landscapes, providing evidence for a wide range of information such as settlement distribution, past land use, natural resources, transport networks, toponymy and other natural and cultural data within an explicitly spatial context. Maps produced before the expansion of large‐scale mechanized agriculture reflect a landscape that is lost today. Of particular interest to us is the great quantity of archaeologically relevant information that these maps recorded, both deliberately and incidentally. Despite the importance of the information they contain, researchers have only recently begun to automatically digitize and extract data from such maps as coherent information, rather than manually examine a raster image. However, these new approaches have focused on specific types of information that cannot be used directly for archaeological or heritage purposes. This paper provides a proof of concept of the application of deep learning techniques to extract archaeological information from historical maps in an automated manner. Early twentieth century colonial map series have been chosen, as they provide enough time depth to avoid many recent large‐scale landscape modifications and cover very large areas (comprising several countries). The use of common symbology and conventions enhance the applicability of the method. The results show deep learning to be an efficient tool for the recovery of georeferenced, archaeologically relevant information that is represented as conventional signs, line‐drawings and text in historical maps. The method can provide excellent results when an adequate training dataset has been gathered and is therefore at its best when applied to the large map series that can supply such information. The deep learning approaches described here open up the possibility to map sites and features across entire map series much more quickly and coherently than other available methods, opening up the potential to reconstruct archaeological landscapes at continental scales.
An application of media and network multiplexity theory to the structure and perceptions of information environments in hurricane evacuation
Authors: Lee Seungyoon , Benedict Bailey C. , Ge Yue ‘Gurt’ , Murray‐Tuite Pamela , Ukkusuri Satish V. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnderstanding how information use contributes to uncertainties surrounding evacuation decisions is crucial during disasters. While literature increasingly establishes that people consult multiple information sources in disaster situations, little is known about the patterns in which multiple media and personal network sources are combined simultaneously and sequentially across decision‐making phases. We address this gap using survey data collected from households in Jacksonville, Florida affected by 2016's Hurricane Matthew. Results direct attention to perceived consistency of information as a key predictor of uncertainty regarding hurricane impact and evacuation logistics. Frequently utilizing National Weather Service, national and local TV channels, and personal network contacts contributed to higher perceived consistency of information, while the use of other local and online sources was associated with lower perceived consistency. Furthermore, combining a larger number of media and official sources predicted higher levels of perceived information consistency. One's perception of information amount did not significantly explain uncertainty. This study contributes to the theorizing of individuals' information environment from the perspective of media and network multiplexity and provides practical implications regarding the need of information coordination for improved evacuation decision‐making.
BCL‐6 promotes the methylation of miR‐34a by recruiting EZH2 and upregulating CTRP9 to protect ischemic myocardial injury
Authors: Lin Jiunn‐Miin , Hsu Chih‐Hsiang , Chen Jeen‐Chen , Kao Shao‐Hsuan , Lin You‐Cian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the following heart failure are public health problems faced all over the globe. The current study set out to investigate the role of B‐cell lymphoma 6 (BCL‐6) in cardiac protection after AMI. Initially, AMI mouse models and H9c2 cell oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) models were established. The cell models were transfected with the vectors containing oe‐BCL‐6, oe‐EZH2, sh‐EZH2, miR‐34a mimic, and miR‐34a inhibitor. RT‐qPCR and Western blot analysis were applied to detect the expression patterns of microRNA‐34a (miR‐34a), BCL‐6, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and C1q tumor necrosis factor‐related protein 9 (CTRP9) in the treated cell models. ChIP‐qPCR and co‐immunoprecipitation assay were performed to detect EZH2 enrichment and H3K27me3 levels in the miR‐34a promoter region and the interaction between BCL‐2 and EZH2, respectively. EdU staining, TUNEL staining, and flow cytometry were performed to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis, while ELISA was conducted to detect the oxidative stress levels. It was found that miR‐34a was highly expressed in heart tissues of AMI models, while BCL‐6 and EZH2 were poorly expressed. BCL‐2 overexpression increased the recruitment of EZH2, upregulated H3K27me3 level in the miR‐34a promoter region, and inhibited the miR‐34a expression. Ctrp9, the downstream negative‐regulatory molecule of miR‐34a, was upregulated. Besides, miR‐34a/CTRP9 expression changes were found to affect cardiomyocyte apoptosis, oxidation stress, and proliferation, and prevent myocardial injury in AMI mice. Our findings indicate that BCL‐6 increases the level of H3K27me3 in the promoter region of miR‐34a via EZH2 recruitment and CTRP9 upregulation, which inhibits the apoptosis of myocardial cells.
Epidermal growth factor/epidermal growth factor receptor moves into the osteoblasts' cell nuclei where it is involved to regulate STAT5's signaling
Authors: Yin Bohao , Fan Zhiyuan , Jin Yingzhe , Chen Hongchi , Zhang Baokun , Liu Jingwen , Zhang Wei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEpidermal growth factor (EGF) has vital biological impacts on the osteoblasts. However, the knowledge on the cellular properties of EGF/EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) on osteoblasts is scanty. As such, we explored the EGF/EGFR's cell behavior in the osteoblast (MC3T3‐E1 cell) using the indirect immunofluorescence assay, Western‐blot, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Our findings revealed that EGF could internalize into the cytoplasm under EGFR mediation. Besides, the co‐localization analysis demonstrated that caveolin played a critical role in EGFR's endocytosis. We also analyzed the cytoplasmic trafficking pathway of EGF/EGFR in MC3T3‐E1 cell. The colocalization analysis showed that EGFR entered into Rab5, Rab4, and Rab9‐positive endosomes. More importantly, we found that EGFR could move into the MC3T3‐E1 cells' nuclei. Based on this, we investigated the EGFR's nuclear‐localized functions, and the results suggested that nuclear‐localized EGFR has important biological functions. This work lays a foundation for further study on EGF/EGFR's biological functions on the osteoblasts.
A new option for education during surgical procedures and related clinical anatomy in a virtual reality workspace
Authors: Iwanaga Joe , Kamura Yasuhiko , Nishimura Yuu , Terada Satoshi , Kishimoto Naotaka , Tanaka Tsuyoshi , Tubbs R. Shane 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic and mandatory social distancing has brought challenges to anatomy educators who generally need in‐person classes. The purpose of this study is to share the experience of a distant online lecture on a surgical procedure and related anatomy in a three‐dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) workspace and to compare it with reported teaching methods, that is, an in‐person class and a Zoom online class. The lecture was delivered by three authors of this article in a VR workspace that enables people to meet through VR. The lectures were about combinations of dental surgical procedures and related clinical anatomy. Physically, the attendees could have been located anywhere in the world, so lecturers joined from the United States and the attendees were all from Japan. VR environment and its flexibility enabled attendees to join the lecture actively, helping them to gain understanding of the surgical procedure and anatomy more efficiently. The use of VR technology with a live communication tool demonstrated in this study has several advantages over previous education methods, although there are still technical issues or disadvantages that need to be addressed. Development of the technology and app/software is required so that more data can be processed at higher speed. Use of VR technology with a live communication tool could be an alternative teaching method. Its overall advantages are a closer look at the slides/monitor and concurrent observation of the multiple assets in various directions by multiple attendees. These advantages cannot be achieved by any other teaching method without VR assets with the workspace provided by Spatial. Even during the mandatory social distancing due to the COVID‐19 pandemic, this could enable us to foster 3D understanding of surgery and related anatomy. Further study is now needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this newly proposed teaching method by comparing it with traditional in‐person and online classes with a live communication tool.
30‐day patient reported outcomes can be predicted by change in left atrial pressure and not change in transmitral gradient following MitraClip
Authors: Pierre Keniel , Adedinsewo Demilade A. , Al‐Hijji Mohammed , Miranda William R. , Alkhouli Mohamad , Eleid Mackram F. , Guerrero Mayra , Pollak Peter M. , Rihal Charanjit S. , El Sabbagh Abdallah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundChange in left atrial pressure (LAP) has been shown to be associated with symptom improvement post‐MitraClip; however, the association between acute procedural changes in transmitral diastolic mean gradient (MG) compared to LAP and symptom improvement is not well established.Methods164 consecutive patients undergoing MitraClip at Mayo Clinic between June 2014 and May 2018 were included. Preclip and postclip MG and LAP were recorded. Baseline demographics, clinical, and echocardiographic outcomes, including 30‐day New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional status were obtained from patient charts.ResultsMedian age was 81.5 years (IQR: 76.3, 87), 34% were female and 94.5% had NYHA class III and IV functional status at baseline. At baseline, median MG was 4 mmHg (IQR: 3, 5) and LAP was 19 mmHg (IQR: 16, 23.5). Following MitraClip deployment, the median MG was 4 mmHg (IQR: 3, 6) and the median LAP was 17 mmHg (IQR: 14, 21), 69.5% of patients had less than moderate MR. There was no statistically significant association between change in MG and NYHA functional class at 30 days (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.76–1.20). However, a reduction in LAP following MitraClip deployment was significantly associated with improvement in NYHA functional status at 30 days following adjustments for age and sex (aOR 3.36, 95% CI: 1.34–8.65). There was no significant correlation between change in mean LAP and change in MG (p = .98).ConclusionUnlike change in left atrial pressure, change in MG post‐MitraClip was not associated with patient reported outcomes at 30 days and did not correlate with change in left atrial pressure. Long‐term follow up is needed to evaluate the impact of LA pressure on symptoms.
Survival relative to pacemaker status after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Myat Aung , Mouy Florence , Buckner Luke , Cockburn James , Baumbach Andreas , MacCarthy Philip , Banning Adrian P. , Curzen Nick , Hilling‐Smith Roland , Blackman Daniel J. , Mullen Michael , de Belder Mark , Cox Ian , Kovac Jan , Manoharan Ganesh , Zaman Azfar , Muir Douglas , Smith David , Brecker Stephen , Turner Mark , Khogali Saib , Malik Iqbal S. , Alsanjari Osama , D'Auria Francesca , Redwood Simon , Prendergast Bernard , Trivedi Uday , Robinson Derek , Ludman Peter , de Belder Adam , Hildick‐Smith David 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo determine whether a permanent pacemaker (PPM) in situ can enhance survival after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), in a predominantly inoperable or high risk cohort.BackgroundNew conduction disturbances are the most frequent complication of TAVI, often necessitating PPM implantation before hospital discharge.MethodsWe performed an observational cohort analysis of the UK TAVI registry (2007–2015). Primary and secondary endpoints were 30‐day post‐discharge all‐cause mortality and long‐term survival, respectively.ResultsOf 8,651 procedures, 6,815 complete datasets were analyzed. A PPM at hospital discharge, irrespective of when implantation occurred (PPM 1.68% [22/1309] vs. no PPM 1.47% [81/5506], odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.71–1.84; p = .58), or a PPM implanted peri‐ or post‐TAVI only (PPM 1.44% [11/763] vs. no PPM 1.47% [81/5506], OR 0.98 [0.51–1.85]; p = .95) did not significantly reduce the primary endpoint. Patients with a PPM at discharge were older, male, had right bundle branch block at baseline, were more likely to have received a first‐generation self‐expandable prosthesis and had experienced more peri‐ and post‐procedural complications including bailout valve‐in‐valve rescue, bleeding and acute kidney injury. A Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated significantly reduced long‐term survival in all those with a PPM, irrespective of implantation timing (hazard ratio [HR] 1.14 [1.02–1.26]; p = .019) and those receiving a PPM only at the time of TAVI (HR 1.15 [1.02–1.31]; p = .032). The reasons underlying this observation warrant further investigation.ConclusionsA PPM did not confer a survival advantage in the first 30 days after hospital discharge following TAVI.
Stable and Surface‐active Co Nanoparticles Formed from Cation (x) Promoted Au/x‐Co3O4 (x=Cs) as Selective Catalyst for [2+2+1] Cyclization Reactions
Authors: Oseghale Charles O. , Mogudi Batsile M. , Onisuru Oluwatayo Racheal , Akinnawo Christianah Aarinola , Fapojuwo Dele Peter , Meijboom Reinout 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSurface‐active and highly stable cobalt nanoparticles generated from alkali ion‐promoted gold catalyst for catalyzed carbonylative [2+2+1] cyclization reaction, is described. The gold nanoparticle‘s (AuNPs) role was assumed to dissociate the CO and H2 into atomic species on the catalyst surface by spillover, which in‐situ reduces the robust mesoporous cobalt oxide to metallic cobalt (Co3+→Co2+→Co), as the active catalytic species that catalyzed the reaction; thereby providing up to 93 % yield of cyclopentenone adducts. Prior to this, catalyst pre‐treatment with H2 gas (130 °C, 3 h, 20 atm) was performed to reduce the catalyst. It appeared that the low reducibility temperature and increased surface basicity ascribed to the presence of alkali ion‐promoters in the catalyst revealed a strong correlation with the catalyst activity, for the intra‐ and intermolecular reactions under milder reaction conditions. Thus, a sustainable, highly reusable, and environmentally friendly green catalyst for the carbonylation reaction, such as Pauson‐Khand, was developed.
Optimizing membrane synthesis parameters via Taguchi method: An approach to prepare high performance mixed‐matrix membranes for carbon capture applications
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad , Sarfraz Muhammad , Ba‐Shammakh Mohammed , Naseer Kashaf , Ahmed Mirza A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMixed‐matrix membranes (MMMs) comprising polysulfone (PSF) and zeolite 4A (Z4A) were prepared for carbon capture applications. Membranes of varying compositions were fabricated by solution casting technique. Viscous solutions of dissolved ingredients were cast on a clean glass plate followed by evaporation and drying of prepared membrane. Fabricated composite membranes were subjected to morphological, structural, and permeation analyzes. The morphological results showed a uniform dispersal of zeolite nanoparticles with agglomerates formation at higher nanofiller loadings. The structural analysis corroborated the noninteractive behaviour of organic polymer and inorganic zeolite phases. Permeation results suggested that the fabricated membranes were more permeable to CO2 gas, which can be described by higher diffusivity and structural affinity for CO2. Taguchi statistical analysis was employed to optimize carbon capture performance of developed hybrid membranes by carefully controlling the membrane casting parameters such as loading levels of functional nanofiller, sonication time, and drying time of casting solution. The statistical investigation of permeation results suggested the sensitivity of casting parameters on membrane performance in the following manner: zeolite loading > sonication time > drying time. The optimized membrane casting parameters obtained from signal‐to‐noise ratio analysis performed on Minitab led to synthesis of a composite membrane with both high CO2/N2 selectivity and CO2 permeability. The chosen technique also assisted in justifying the dependence of permeation results on various membrane casting parameters, associating it with the morphological results. The technique also facilitated the optimization of the membrane characteristics and is recommended for future study based on membrane separation processes.