bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autologous blood injection for treatment of steroid atrophy: A case report
Authors: Kutlu Ömer , Ozdemir Cetinkaya Pınar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundIntramuscular corticosteroid injections are frequently used for a variety of conditions in dermatology practice. Unfortunately, many complications are associated with systemic and local administration of corticosteroids. Localized subcutaneous lipoatrophy is among the most common adverse effects that can lead to permanent disfigurement. Autologous blood is collected from peripheral veins and injected immediately to the affected tissue with the intention of stimulating the body's own tissue‐healing mechanisms through cellular and humoral mediators.AimsAlthough platelet‐rich plasma therapy, produced by centrifugation of autologous blood, is very popular in dermatology practice, autologous blood injection (ABI) is not routinely preferred. With this case, it was aimed to report that ABI can be a safe and effective option in the treatment of steroid atrophy.Patients/MethodsA case of steroid atrophy in a female patient treated successfully with ABI was presented.ResultsA 17‐year‐old female patient presented with epidermal/dermal atrophy, depigmentation, and subcutaneous fat atrophy after intramuscular corticosteroid injection. ABI treatment was initiated because there were no signs of spontaneous improvement after 6 months. 4 cc autologous blood was injected in small volumes into the superficial, middle, and deep parts of the atrophic tissue. After 2 sessions of ABI, the size and depth of the atrophy were markedly improved and depigmentation was resolved.ConclusionThere are several treatment options for localized steroid atrophy with varying success rates. This is the first report that shows ABI is a simple, effective, and safe procedure for correction of corticosteroid‐induced cutaneous and subcutaneous atrophy with satisfying results.
National market analysis for body contouring providers: Medical spas and physician practices
Authors: Wang Jordan V. , Murgia Robert D. , Noell Claire , Saedi Nazanin , Zachary Christopher B. , Weiss Robert , Geronemus Roy G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundNon‐invasive body contouring has experienced recent growth. To meet demand, medical spas and non‐physician operators have grown. Insights into their practice can provide information on their impact.ObjectiveOur study investigated the current market distribution of body contouring providers in the aesthetic field.Materials and MethodsFor the 30 most populous cities, data were collected for non‐invasive body contouring providers in medical spas and physician practices. Descriptive ratios were calculated, and various local factors were examined.ResultsThe cities with the greatest number of body contouring providers were New York (138), Los Angeles (106), and Houston (87). Population size had a significant relationship, while median household income did not. For number of body contouring providers per 100 000 persons, the top cities were Austin (4.87), Houston (3.74), and Las Vegas (3.41). The mean ratio of providers in medical spas to physician practices was 1.81. In total, 70.0% of cities had equal or more body contouring providers in medical spas than physician practices.ConclusionCertain cities have experienced an unequal distribution of body contouring providers, and many cities are skewed in favor of medical spas over physician‐based practices.
A bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most‐cited articles in the Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine (1972–2020)
Authors: Arakeri Gururaj , Patil Shankargouda , Quadri Mir Faeq Ali , Alqahtani Khaled M. , Rao US Vishal , Paiva Fonseca Felipe , Brennan Peter A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe steady and continued increase of the Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine's (JOPM) popularity prompted a bibliometric analysis of the journal. The purpose was to assess the significance and effect of the published research articles in the Journal from 1972 and 2020, aiding the identification of landmark articles. We performed a bibliometric analysis using the top 100 cited papers in the Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine.Materials and MethodsAn extensive review of the Web of Science was undertaken. Standard information such as author details, affiliated institutions, publication year and the country of origin was recorded.ResultsThe top 100 cited articles in JOPM were assessed. The maximum and minimum number of citations in the top 100 articles was 1459 and 95, respectively. A total of 16 790 citations were recorded for these 100 articles. Authors were affiliated to 28 different countries, 17 research articles from the UK and 12 from the USA. Other countries furnished seven or fewer articles.ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis provides a synopsis of research published in the journal over a 48‐year period. Recent interest in the journal shows a healthy increase in submissions and profile.
Multiple tumour recurrence in oral, head and neck cancer: Characterising the patient journey
Authors: Wang Weilan , Adeoye John , Thomson Peter , Choi Siu‐Wai 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the 15th most common cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide and approximately one oral cancer‐related death occurs for every two new diagnoses. Death‐due‐to‐disease is usually ascribed to inoperable primary tumours, treatment complications, second primary tumours arising due to field cancerization, or locoregional recurrence and distant metastases.MethodsA retrospective review of OSCC patients treated over a 19‐year period, betweenOctober 1st, 2000 and October 1st, 2019. Patient demographic records were collected from consecutively treated adult patients with clinical subtypes corresponding to ICD‐10 C00‐C06, C09 and C10 were retrieved from the database. Patients who had suffered three or more recurrences after diagnosis of the primary tumour are defined as multiple‐recurrent patients.ResultsA total of 467 OSCC patients were treated during the study period. One hundred and fifty‐five patients developed recurrent OSCC, amongst which 22 were designated as multiple cases. The time between initial OSCC diagnosis and first tumour recurrence varied from 3 to 276 months. Nine of the 22 multiple patients (41%) were diagnosed with buccal mucosal SCC as the primary tumour, which is significantly higher than the average prevalence (or 4.4, 95% CI (1.8, 10.8), p < 0.001) for buccal tumours within the cohort.All patients were treated initially by surgical tumour excision. There were no demonstrable differences in adjuvant chemo‐radiotherapy regimes in any of the study groups.ConclusionMultiple OSCC development may occur either synchronously or metachronously during the course of oral cancer disease and poses an important management problem in contemporary oncology practice.
Complete Digital Workflow for Mandibular Full‐Arch Implant Rehabilitation in 3 Appointments
Authors: Papaspyridakos Panos , De Souza Andre , Bathija Anshu , Kang Kiho , Chochlidakis Konstantinos 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe aim of this clinical report is to describe a complete digital workflow protocol for mandibular full‐arch implant rehabilitation from guided surgery to definitive prosthesis in only 3 appointments. This expedited protocol allows for guided implant placement with a system of stackable surgical templates and CAD/CAM prosthodontic rehabilitation using a digital workflow. At the first appointment, a guided implant placement protocol with the stackable template concept was done followed by immediate loading with a prefabricated interim prosthesis. At the same appointment, the Double Digital Scanning (DDS) technique was used for scanning, maxillomandibular relationship registration and virtual articulation. The anchor pins from guided surgery were used as fiducial markers for DDS data superimposition. At the second appointment, the prosthesis prototype was tried‐in and adjustments were made. At the third appointment, the definitive monolithic zirconia full‐arch prosthesis was delivered.
Online betting intensity is linked with Extraversion and Conscientiousness
Authors: Palomäki Jussi , Laakasuo Michael , Castrén Sari , Saastamoinen Jani , Kainulainen Tuomo , Suhonen Niko 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionExtraversion and Conscientiousness are well‐studied personality traits associated with reward processing and goal prioritization, respectively, and bear on individual differences in financial risk‐taking. Using unique large datasets, we investigated the link between these traits and male online gamblers' actual betting participation and intensity.MethodWe combined datasets containing online horse betting data (during 2015–2016) from the Finnish monopoly betting company, administrative registry data from Statistics Finland, and personality trait measures from the Finnish Defence Forces corresponding to Extraversion and Conscientiousness as defined in the five‐factor model. We modelled associations between these traits and betting participation (n = 471,968) and intensity (n = 11,217) among male horse bettors (age = 36–53).ResultsControlling for demographics and IQ, individuals scoring high on Conscientiousness (or Extraversion) were less (or more) likely to bet and less (or more) intensive bettors—even when personality was measured 16–34 years before betting occurred. One SD personality score increase represented an annual decrease (Conscientiousness) or increase (Extraversion) of €570–754 in spending.ConclusionsExtraversion and Conscientiousness are implicated in real‐life financial behavior with tangible consequences for individuals. These effects are stronger than for many known demographic variables used in gambling studies and persist up to 34 years after personality has been measured.
Melatonin inhibits seed germination by crosstalk with abscisic acid, gibberellin, and auxin in Arabidopsis
Authors: Lv Yan , Pan Jinjing , Wang Houping , Reiter Russel J. , Li Xia , Mou Zongmin , Zhang Jiemei , Yao Zhengping , Zhao Dake , Yu Diqiu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSeed germination, an important developmental stage in the life cycle of seed plants, is regulated by complex signals. Melatonin is a signaling molecule associated with seed germination under stressful conditions, although the underlying regulatory mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we showed that a low concentration (10 µM or 100 µM) of melatonin had no effect on seed germination, but when the concentration of melatonin increased to 500 µM or 1000 µM, seed germination was significantly inhibited in Arabidopsis. RNA sequencing analysis showed that melatonin regulated seed germination correlated to phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), and auxin. Further investigation revealed that ABA and melatonin synergistically inhibited seed germination, while GA and auxin antagonized the inhibitory effect of seed germination by melatonin. Disruption of the melatonin biosynthesis enzyme gene serotonin N‐acetyltransferase (SNAT) or N‐acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) promoted seed germination, while overexpression of ASMT inhibited seed germination. Taken together, our study sheds new light on the function and mechanism of melatonin in modulating seed germination in Arabidopsis.
Aquaporin: targets for dietary nutrients to regulate intestinal health
Authors: Lv Hao , Li Ying , Xue Chenyu , Dong Na , Bi Chongpeng , Shan Anshan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAquaporins (AQP) are a class of water channel membrane proteins that are widely expressed in the gut. The biological functions of aquaporins, which regulate the absorption and secretion of water molecules and small solutes, maintain the stable state of the intestine, regulate cell proliferation and migration, participate in the process of intestinal inflammation, and mediate tumorigenesis, demonstrate the physiological significance of these channels in intestinal health. The pathology of many intestinal diseases is associated with changes in the location and expression of aquaporins, such as intestinal infection, which can change the expression and distribution of AQPs in intestinal tissues/cells by affecting cytokines and chemokines. This can lead to various intestinal diseases such as diarrhoea, which also suggests the importance of aquaporins in the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases. This review summarizes the relationship between aquaporins and intestinal physiology and diseases and focuses on drugs (such as plant extracts) or diets that can regulate intestinal health by regulating aquaporins. It provides a basis for establishing aquaporins as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for intestinal health.
Deciphering the global phylogeography of a coastal shrub (Scaevola taccada) reveals the influence of multiple forces on contemporary population structure
Authors: Banerjee Achyut Kumar , Wu Hai‐Dan , Guo Wu‐Xia , Ng Wei‐Lun , Li Wei‐Xi , Ma Yan , Feng Hui , Huang Ye‐Lin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe phylogeography of coastal plant species is heavily influenced by past sealevel fluctuations, dispersal barriers, and life‐history traits, such as long‐distance dispersal ability of the propagules. Unlike the widely studied mangroves, phylogeographic patterns have remained mostly obscure for other coastal plant species. In this study, we sampled 42 populations of Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb., a coastal shrub of the family Goodeniaceae, from 17 countries across its distribution range. We used five chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and 14 nuclear microsatellite (simple sequence repeat [SSR]) markers to assess the influence of abiotic factors and population genetic processes on the phylogeographic pattern of the species. Geographical distribution of cpDNA haplotypes suggests that the species originated in Australia, followed by historical dispersal and expansion of its geographic range. Multiple abiotic factors, including the sealevel changes during the Pleistocene, the presence of landmasses like the Malay Peninsula, and contemporary oceanic circulation patterns, restricted gene flow between geographically distinct populations, thereby creating low haplotype diversity and a strong population structure. Population genetic processes acted on these isolated populations, leading to high nuclear genetic diversity and population differentiation, as revealed from analyzing the polymorphic SSR loci. Although genetic divergence was mostly concordant between cpDNA and SSR data, asymmetrical gene flow and ancestral polymorphism could explain the discordance in the detailed genetic structure. Overall, our findings indicate that abiotic factors and population genetic processes interactively influenced the evolutionary history and current phylogeographic pattern of S. taccada across its distribution range.
Externalities in private ownership production economies with possibility functions. An existence result
Authors: Platino Vincenzo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe consider a private ownership production economy with consumption and production externalities. Each household is characterized by a consumption set described by a possibility function, an endowment of commodities, and preferences described by a utility function. Each firm is owned by households and it is characterized by technology described by a transformation function. The choices of all agents (households and firms) affect individual consumption sets, individual preferences, and production technologies. Describing equlibria in terms of first‐order conditions and market clearing conditions, and using a homotopy approach, under differentiability and boundary conditions, we prove the non‐emptiness and the compactness of the set of competitive equilibria with consumptions and prices strictly positive.
MetR is a molecular adaptor for pneumococcal carriage in the healthy upper airway
Authors: Zhang Chengwang , An Haoran , Hu Jiao , Li Jing , Zhang Wenhao , Lan Xun , Deng Haiteng , Zhang Jing‐Ren 
Published: April 2021

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae resides in the human upper airway as a commensal but also causes pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, and otitis media. It remains unclear how pneumococci adapt to nutritional conditions of various host niches. We here show that MetR, a LysR family transcriptional regulator, serves as a molecular adaptor for pneumococcal fitness, particularly in the upper airway. The metR mutant of strain D39 rapidly disappeared from the nasopharynx but was marginally attenuated in the lungs and bloodstream of mice. RNA‐seq and ChIP‐seq analyses showed that MetR broadly regulates transcription of the genes involved in methionine synthesis and other functions under methionine starvation. Genetic and biochemical analyses confirmed that MetR is essential for the activation of methionine synthesis but not uptake. Co‐infection of influenza virus partially restored the colonization defect of the metR mutant. These results strongly suggest that MetR is particularly evolved for pneumococcal carriage in the upper airway of healthy individuals where free methionine is severely limited, but it becomes dispensable where environmental methionine is relatively more abundant (e.g., inflamed upper airway and sterile sites). To the best of our knowledge, MetR represents the first known regulator particularly for pneumococcal carriage in healthy individuals.
Teaching and Learning Through Class Projects: Improving Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among Schoolchildren
Authors: Copeland Toni 
Published: April 2021

AbstractParticipation in research prepares students for conducting future projects, academic, and professional success. Service learning combines classroom instruction with meaningful community engagement. This article presents an example of a class project that combined service learning and research to increase knowledge of and familiarity with fruits and vegetables through hands‐on food identification. The aim was to encourage kindergarten students to eat more fruits and vegetables by acquainting them with these foods. This project was developed for a mixed undergraduate and graduate anthropology Research Methods class to provide students the opportunity to learn by applying textbook information and anthropological methods to real world issues. In addition to presenting results from a pre‐ and posttest research design that included interviews, taste tests, flashcard identification, time in the garden, and additional hands‐on activities, the teaching method is assessed. Results were shared with the school and the garden program to optimize future healthy eating curriculum.
Growth–defense trade‐offs and yield loss in plants with engineered cell walls
Authors: Ha Chan Man , Rao Xiaolan , Saxena Garima , Dixon Richard A. 
Published: April 2021

SummaryAs a major component of plant secondary cell walls, lignin provides structural integrity and rigidity, and contributes to primary defense by providing a physical barrier to pathogen ingress. Genetic modification of lignin biosynthesis has been adopted to reduce the recalcitrance of lignified cell walls to improve biofuel production, tree pulping properties and forage digestibility. However, lignin‐modification is often, but unpredictably, associated with dwarf phenotypes. Hypotheses suggested to explain this include: collapsed vessels leading to defects in water and solute transport; accumulation of molecule(s) that are inhibitory to plant growth or deficiency of metabolites that are critical for plant growth; activation of defense pathways linked to cell wall integrity sensing. However, there is still no commonly accepted underlying mechanism for the growth defects. Here, we discuss recent data on transcriptional reprogramming in plants with modified lignin content and their corresponding suppressor mutants, and evaluate growth‐defense trade‐offs as a factor underlying the growth phenotypes. New approaches will be necessary to estimate how gross changes in transcriptional reprogramming may quantitatively affect growth. Better understanding of the basis for yield drag following cell wall engineering is important for the biotechnological exploitation of plants as factories for fuels and chemicals.
Shade‐induced reduction of stem nonstructural carbohydrates increases xylem vulnerability to embolism and impedes hydraulic recovery in Populus nigra
Authors: Tomasella Martina , Casolo Valentino , Natale Sara , Petruzzellis Francesco , Kofler Werner , Beikircher Barbara , Mayr Stefan , Nardini Andrea 
Published: April 2021

Summary

Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) have been suggested to affect xylem transport under fluctuating water availability, but conclusive evidence is still lacking. We tested the effect of shade‐induced NSC depletion on xylem vulnerability to embolism and hydraulic recovery on Populus nigra saplings.

Vulnerability was assessed in light‐exposed (L) and shaded (S) plants with the hydraulic method, and in vivo with the optical method and X‐ray micro‐computed tomography. Plants were stressed to 80% loss of hydraulic conductance (PLC) and re‐irrigated to check for possible recovery. We measured PLC, bark and wood NSC content, as well as xylem sap pH, surface tension (γsap) and sugar concentration, before, during and after drought.

Shading induced depletion of stem NSC (mainly starch) reserves. All methods converged in indicating higher xylem vulnerability in S than in L plants. This difference was not explained by xylem vessel and pit anatomy or by γsap. Shading impeded sap acidification and sugar accumulation during drought in S plants and prevented hydraulic recovery, which was observed in L plants.

Our results highlight the importance of stem NSCs to sustain xylem hydraulic functioning during drought and suggest that light and/or adequate stem NSC thresholds are required to trigger xylem sap chemical changes involved in embolism recovery.
On the Value of Birth Weight*
Authors: Clarke Damian , Oreffice Sonia , Quintana‐Domeque Climent 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA large body of evidence documents the educational and labour market returns to birth weight, which are reflected in investments in large social safety net programmes targeting birth weight and early life health. However, there is no direct evidence on the private valuation of birth weight. In this paper, we estimate the willingness to pay for birth weight in the United States, using a series of discrete choice experiments. Within the normal birth weight range (2,500–4,000 g), we find that individuals are, on average, willing to pay $1.47 (95% CI: [$1.24, $1.70]) for each additional gram of birth weight when the value of birth weight is estimated linearly, or $2.40 (95% CI: [$2.03, $2.77]) when the value of birth weight is estimated non‐parametrically.