bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Kidney Injury When Treating Periprosthetic Joint Infections After Total Knee Arthroplasties with Antibiotic-Loaded Spacers
Authors: Dagneaux Louis , Limberg Afton K. , Osmon Douglas R. , Leung Nelson , Berry Daniel J. , Abdel Matthew P. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Two-stage exchange arthroplasty with a high-dose antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) spacer and intravenous or oral antibiotics is the most common method of managing a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, little is known about the contemporary incidence, the risk factors, and the outcomes of acute kidney injuries (AKIs) in this cohort.

Methods:
We identified 424 patients who had been treated with 455 ALBC spacers after resection of a PJI following a primary TKA from 2000 to 2017. The mean age at resection was 67 years, the mean body mass index (BMI) was 33 kg/m2, 47% of the patients were women, and 15% had preexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD). The spacers (87% nonarticulating) contained a mean of 8 g of vancomycin and 9 g of an aminoglycoside per construct (in situ for a mean of 11 weeks). Eighty-six spacers also had amphotericin B (mean, 412 mg). All of the patients were concomitantly treated with systemic antibiotics for a mean of 6 weeks. An AKI was defined as a creatinine level of ≥1.5 times the baseline or an increase of ≥0.3 mg/dL within any 48-hour period. The mean follow-up was 6 years (range, 2 to 17 years).

Results:
Fifty-four AKIs occurred in 52 (14%) of the 359 patients without preexisting CKD versus 32 AKIs in 29 (45%) of the 65 patients with CKD (odds ratio [OR], 5; p = 0.0001); none required acute dialysis. Overall, when the vancomycin concentration or aminoglycoside concentration was >3.6 g/batch of cement, the risk of AKI increased (OR, 1.9 and 1.8, respectively; p = 0.02 for both). Hypertension (β = 0.17; p = 0.002), perioperative hypovolemia (β = 0.28; p = 0.0001), and acute atrial fibrillation (β = 0.13; p = 0.009) were independent predictors for AKI in patients without preexisting CKD. At the last follow-up, 8 patients who had sustained an AKI had progressed to CKD, 4 of whom received dialysis.

Conclusions:
In our study, the largest series to date that we are aware of regarding this issue, AKI occurred in 14% of patients with normal renal function at baseline, and 2% developed CKD after undergoing a 2-stage exchange arthroplasty for a PJI after TKA. However, the risk of AKI was fivefold greater in those with preexisting CKD. The causes of acute renal blood flow impairment were independent predictors for AKI.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Change in Work-Related Income Following the Uptake of Treatment for Mental Disorders Among Young Migrant Women in Norway: A National Register Study
Authors: Hynek Kamila Angelika , Hollander Anna-Clara , Liefbroer Aart , Hauge Lars Johan , Straiton Melanie Lindsay 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose Mental disorders are associated with several work-related outcomes such as loss of income. Not much is known about how this varies with migrant background. This study investigated the change in work-related income following the uptake of outpatient mental healthcare (OPMH) treatment, a proxy for mental disorder, in young women with and without migrant background. Additionally, we looked at how the association varied by income levelMethods Using data from four national registries, the study population consisted of women aged 23-40 years residing in Norway for at least three consecutive years between 2006 and 2013 (N=640,527). By using a stratified linear regression with individual fixed effects, we investigated differences between majority women, descendants and eight migrant groups. Interaction analysis was conducted in order to examine differences in income loss following the uptake of OPMH treatment among women with and without migrant background. Results OPMH treatment was associated with a decrease in income for all groups. However, the negative effect was stronger among those with low income. Only migrant women from EU Eastern Europe with a high income were not significantly affected following OPMH treatment. Conclusion Experiencing a mental disorder during a critical age for establishment in the labour market may not only affect income but also subsequent workforce participation and dependency on social welfare services, regardless of migrant background, resulting in large economic costs for both the individual and for society as a whole.
Association Between Glucocorticoids Treatment and Viral Clearance Delay in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Jianbo , Liao Xuelian , Zhou Yue , Wang Luping , Yang Hang , Zhang Wei , Zhang Zhongwei , Kang Yan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Evidence of glucocorticoids on viral clearance delay of COVID-19 patients is not clear. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched studies on Medline, Embase, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov from 2002 to December 2, 2020. We mainly pooled the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs), mean difference (MD) or risk ratios (RRs) of viral clearance delay and did subgroup analyses by doses and the severity of illness.Results One trial and 38 observational studies, with a total of 7119 patients, were identified. Glucocorticoids treatment was associated with delayed viral clearance in COVID-19 (Adjusted HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.51 to 1.94, I2=22%, PI 1.45 to 2.01), based on moderate-quality evidence. In subgroup analyses, risk of viral clearance delay was significantly higher among COVID-19 patients being mild or moderate ill (adjusted HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.70, I2=52%; MD 2.59, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.97, I2=24%), but not in those of being severe or critical ill (adjusted HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.26; MD 0.22, 95% CI -1.85 to 2.29, I2=56%); taking high doses (adjusted HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.15; unadjusted RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.94) rather taking low doses (adjusted HR 1.39, 95% CI 0.93 to 2.08; unadjusted RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.77) or pulse (unadjusted RR 1.85, 95% CI 0.66 to 5.19).Conclusions Glucocorticoids treatment delayed viral clearance in COVID-19 patients of being mild or moderate ill or taking a high dose, rather in those of being severe or critical ill or taking low dose or pulse.
Weather Factors Associated with Reduced Risk of Dengue Transmission in an Urbanized Tropical City
Authors: Gui Hao , Gwee Sylvia , Koh Jiayun , Lau Nicholas , Pang Junxiong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
IntroductionThe association of weather factors on dengue transmission in an urbanized tropical environment remains inconclusive. This study aims to assess the impact of weather factors on dengue incidence in Singapore between 2012 and 2019.MethodsData on weather variables (daily temperature, air quality, rainfall & wind speed) and weekly dengue incidence rates were collected from 1 January 2012 to 25 August 2019. Statistically significant correlated variables identified from cross-correlation analysis using Pearson’s correlation were examined in univariate ARIMA model. Quasi-Poisson model with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was established to assess any non-linear association between climatic factors and dengue incidence. FindingsPoor air quality (PSI: 150) and high wind speeds (12 km/h) were associated with reduced risk of dengue transmission in an urbanized tropical environment. Only a limited temperature range (27-32 °C and 23-25 °C) promotes dengue transmission whereas extreme heat inhibited dengue incidence (27°C, Ref. 25.14 °C; RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.93). Rainfall exerts positive and negative influence alternately on weekly dengue cases across lags but the influence was not robust in sensitivity analysis. Based on split-sample model validation, mean temperature was the best predictor of dengue in prediction part (MAE: 43.15, RMSE: 51.39).
COVID-19 mortality analysis from soft-data&nbsp;multivariate curve regression and&nbsp;machine learning
Authors: Torres-Signes Antoni , Frías M. Pilar , Ruiz-Medina Maria Dolores 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A multiple objective space-time forecasting approach is presented involving cyclical curve log-regression, and multivariate time series spatial residual correlation analysis. Specifically, the mean quadratic loss function is minimized in the framework of trigonometric regression. While, in our subsequent spatial residual correlation analysis, maximization of the likelihood allows us to compute the posterior mode in a Bayesian multivariate time series soft-data framework. The presented approach is applied to the analysis of COVID-19 mortality in the first wave affecting the Spanish Communities, since March, 8, 2020 until May, 13, 2020. An empirical comparative study with Machine Learning (ML) regression, based on random k-fold cross-validation, and bootstrapping confidence interval and probability density estimation, is carried out. This empirical analysis also investigates the performance of ML regression models in a hard- and soft-data frameworks. The results could be extrapolated to other counts, countries, and posterior COVID-19 waves.
Performance Evaluation and Discrimination of AODV&nbsp;and AOMDV&nbsp;VANET&nbsp;Routing Protocols Based on RRSE&nbsp;Technique&nbsp;
Authors: AlAhwal Ayman Mohamed , Mahmoud R. A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The routing protocol is an applied standard to determine the communication scheme of different entities with each other to transfer and process the desired data in considerable time via the best routes from the source to the destination. This paper presents the performance evaluation and discrimination for various parameters of two different routing protocols using the Root Relative Squared Error (RRSE). The two protocols under study are Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV), and Ad-hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV). The literature reviews reveals the simulation results of number of nodes that varies approximately between 5 to 100 nodes. Therefore, that he simulation results will be analyzed for two different experiment as follows the first, the effect of initial node energy variation between 50 to 100 Joules at a fixed network size. Whereas in the second, reveals the impact of the network size, which varies between 50 to 450 nodes at constant initial node energy that it is tested between 50 to 100 Joules. The obtained results of the selected parameters prove that the AOMDV protocol is more efficient, robust, and reliable than the AODV protocol for the first experiment, while the RRSE values of AODV are better for the second. Moreover, the proposed technique based on the RRSE algorithm advantageous to compare the two routing protocols.
Comparative analysis of cyanobacteria species reveals a novel guanidine-degrading enzyme that controls genomic stability of ethylene-producing strains
Authors: Wang Bo , Xu Yao , Wang Xin , Yuan Joshua , Johnson Carl , Young Jamey , Yu Jianping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the prevalence and biological significance of guanidine metabolism in nature. However, the metabolic pathways used by microbes to degrade guanidine or mitigate its toxicity have not been widely studied. Here we report a novel guanidine-degrading enzyme, Sll1077, identified in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 through comparative proteomics and subsequent experimental validation. Although previously annotated as an agmatinase enzyme, Sll1077 is more likely a “guanidinase”, because it degrades guanidine rather than agmatine to urea. We demonstrate that the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 strain engineered to express the bacterial ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) exhibits unstable ethylene production due to toxicity and genomic instability induced by accumulation of the EFE-byproduct guanidine. Co-expression of EFE and Sll1077 significantly enhanced genomic stability and enabled the resulting strain to achieve sustained high-level ethylene production. These findings expand our knowledge of natural guanidine degradation pathways and demonstrate their biotechnological application to support ethylene bioproduction.
Fostering land use sustainability through construction land reduction in China: an analysis of key success factors using Fuzzy-AHP and DEMATEL
Authors: Li Qiang , Wang Lifang , Zhu Yuming , Mu Bingxu , Ahmad Naveed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Construction land reduction (CLR) is an important instrument for achieving environmental sustainability by reducing intensive land use, controlling the unrestrained extension of construction land and ensuring a balance between construction and arable lands in China. Existing studies on key factors of CLR projects are rare,lacking comprehensive and systematic understanding. Key factors for ensuring the success of CLR projects have not been identified in previous studies. Based on a literature review and questionnaires, in this study, key success factors (KSFs) of CLR projects were identified and analysed. The Fuzzy-AHP and Fuzzy-DEMATEL methods were used to obtain the comprehensive causality and centrality values, whereby factors with a comprehensive causality value larger than 0 and a comprehensive centrality ranking in the top 20% were identified as KSFs. Results indicate that KSFs include the presence of a supportive policy for CLR, coordination with the original landowner, coordination with the surrounding residents, a diversity of enterprises participating in the CLR, a legal environment and land acceptance and testing standards. This paper lays a theoretical foundation for CLR projects and provides guidelines for achieving successful project implementations.
Odor-aided Analysis for Landfill Site Selection: Study of DOKAP&nbsp;Region, Turkey
Authors: Yildirim Volkan , Uzun Bayram , Baykal Tugba Memisoglu , Terzi Fatih , ATASOY BURA ADEM 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In our world, with the increase of factors such as the rapid and irresponsible consumption of natural resources, man-made environmental disasters, global warming, and pollution of water resources, solid wastes have to be stored or disposed of more effectively. The presentation of the data required to solve spatial problems such as storage, management, and location selection can be carried out extensively and effectively using geographic information systems (GIS). On the other hand, the unsatisfactory results obtained with GIS recently have made it mandatory to use spatial multiple-criteria decision-making (S-MCDM) methods that include the decision-makers in the process. In this study, RSWSA site selection was carried out in eight cities under the responsibility of the Eastern Black Sea Project Regional Development Administration (DOKAP). A combination of GIS and S-MCDM was used in this site selection process. A total of eight data layers were used in the site selection application. Afterwards, storage areas determined as suitable via GIS analysis underwent additional evaluation, taking into account geological, seismic, and environmental factors as well as transportation costs. In addition to these multi-component evaluations, odor analyses were carried out on the proposed storage areas using the prevailing wind direction.
Two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induce more robust immune responses to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern than does natural infection.
Authors: Skelly Donal T. , Harding Adam C. , Gilbert-Jaramillo Javier , Knight Michael L. , Longet Stephanie , Anthony	Brown  , Adele Sandra , Adland Emily , Brown Helen , Team Medawar Laboratory , Tom	Tipton  , Stafford Lizzie , Johnson Síle A. , Amini Ali , Group OPTIC Clinical , Kit	Tan Tiong , Schimanski Lisa , Huang Kuan-Ying A. , Rijal Pramila , Group PITCH Study , Group CMORE/PHOSP-C , Frater John , Goulder Philip , Conlon Christopher P. , Jeffery Katie , Dold Christina , Pollard Andrew J. , Sigal Alex , de Oliveira Tulio , Townsend Alain R. , Klenerman Paul , Dunachie Susanna J . , Barnes Eleanor , Carroll Miles W. , James William S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Both natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and immunization with vaccines induce protective immunity. However, the extent to which such immune responses protect against emerging variants is of increasing importance. Such variants of concern (VOC) include isolates of lineage B.1.1.7, first identified in the UK, and B.1.351, first identified in South Africa. Our data confirm that VOC, particularly those with substitutions at residues 484 and 417, escape neutralization by antibodies directed to the ACE2-binding Class 1 and the adjacent Class 2 epitopes but are susceptible to neutralization by the generally less potent antibodies directed to Class 3 and 4 epitopes on the flanks of the receptor-binding domain. To address the potential threat posed by VOC, we sampled a SARS-CoV-2 uninfected UK cohort recently vaccinated with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech, two doses delivered 18-28 days apart), alongside a cohort sampled in the early convalescent stages after natural infection in the first wave of the pandemic in Spring 2020. We tested antibody and T cell responses against a reference isolate of the original circulating lineage, B, and the impact of sequence variation in the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 VOC. Neutralization of the VOC compared to B isolate was reduced, and this was most evident for the B.1.351 isolate. This reduction in antibody neutralization was less marked in post-boost vaccine-induced responses compared to naturally induced immune responses and could be largely explained by the potency of the homotypic antibody response. After a single vaccination, which induced only modestly neutralizing homotypic antibody titres, neutralization against the VOC was completely abrogated in the majority of vaccinees. Importantly, high magnitude T cell responses were generated after two vaccine doses, with the majority of the T cell response directed against epitopes that are conserved between the prototype isolate B and the VOC. These data indicate that VOC may evade protective neutralizing responses induced by prior infection, and to a lesser extent by immunization, particularly after a single vaccine dose, but the impact of the VOC on T cell responses appears less marked. The results emphasize the need to generate high potency immune responses through vaccination in order to provide protection against these and other emergent variants.
Hypoglossal schwannoma masquerading as a submandibular gland tumor: a case report
Authors: Weng Yanming , Li Sainan , Wu Hanjiang , Wu Kun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Hypoglossal nerve schwannoma in the submandibular space is rare. This case report presents the treatment of a young patient affected by an unusual hypoglossal nerve schwannoma at the right side of the submandibular region. Case representation: A 31-year-old female presented to our department with complaints of a right-sided submandibular region mass. None calculi was observed by CBCT. An MRI of the neck demonstrating a 18×12mm mass located at the submandibular region. Based on clinical presentation and imaging, a diagnosis of a submandibular gland tumor was conferred and the patient scheduled for excision. Intraoperatively, the mass was noted to arise from the hypoglossal nerve, remaining independent of the submandibular gland. On histopathologic analysis, the mass was determined to be consistent with hypoglossal schwannoma. Conclusion: Though rare, the hypoglossal schwannoma should remain a consideration in the evaluation of a submandibular space mass. During operation, it might be better to explore the mass before managing the submandibular gland.
Solitary waves and modulation instability with the
influence of fractional derivative order in nonlinear
left-handed transmission line
Authors: Ahmadou Djidere , Houwe Alphonse , Mibaile Justin , Betchewe Gambo , Doka Serge Y. , Crepin Kofane T. , Inc Mustafa 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The resolution of the reduced fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equation obtained
from the model describing the wave propagation in the left-handed nonlinear
transmission line presented by Djidere et al recently, allowed us in this work
through the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) to highlight the behavior
and to study the propagation process of the dark and bright soliton solutions
with the e ect of the fractional derivative order as well as the Modulation Instability
gain spectrum (MI) in the LHNLTL. By inserting fractional derivatives
in the sense of Caputo, we used ADM to structure the approximate solitons
solutions of the fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equation reduced with fractional
derivatives. The pipe is obtained from the bright and dark soliton by
the fractional derivatives order (see Figures 2 and 5). By the bias of MI gain
spectrum the instability zones occur when the value of the fractional derivative
order tends to 1. Furthermore, when the fractional derivative order takes small
values, stability zones appear. These results could bring new perspectives in
the study of solitary waves in left-handed metamaterials, as the memory e ect
could have a better future for the propagation of modulated waves because we
also show in this article that the stabilization of zones of the dark and bright
solitons could be described by a fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equation with
small values of fractional derivatives order. In addition, the obtained signi cant
results are new and could nd applications in many research areas such as in
the eld of information and communication technologies.
Maricaulis alexandrii sp. nov., a novel dimorphic prosthecate and active bioflocculants-bearing bacterium isolated from phycosphere microbiota of laboratory cultured highly-toxic Alexandrium catenella LZT09
Authors: Zhang Xiao-ling , Qi Min , Li Qiu-hong , Cui Zhen-dong , Yang Qiao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, straight or curved rods, prosthecate bacterium designated as LZ-16-1T was isolated from phycosphere microbiota of highly-toxic and laboratory cultured dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella LZT09. This new isolate produces active bioflocculanting exopolysaccharides (EPS). Cells were dimorphic with non-motile prostheca, or non-stalked and motile by a single polar flagellum. Growth occurred at 10-40 °C, pH 5–9 and 1–8 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth at 25 °C, pH 7–8 and 2-4 % (w/v) NaCl, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA indicated that strain LZ-16-1T was affiliated to the genus Maricaulis, and closely related to Maricaulis parjimensis MCS 25T (99.48%) and M. virginensis VC-5T (99.04%),. However, based on genome sequencing and phylogenomic calculations, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digtal DNA-DNA genome hybridization (dDDH) values between the two strains were only 85.0 and 20.9%, respectively. Strain LZ-16-1T owned Q-10 as predominant isoprenoid quinone; summed feature 8, C16:0, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1 ω9c and summed feature 9 as dominant fatty acids; and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol, glycolipids and unidentified phospholipid as major polar lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content is 63.6 mol%. Physiological and chemotaxonomic characterization further confirmed the distinctiveness of strain LZ-16-1T from other Maricaulis members. Thus, strain LZ-16-1T represents a novel species of the genus Maricaulis, for which the name Maricaulis alexandrii sp. nov. (type strain LZ-16-1T=KCTC 72194T=CCTCC AB 2019006T) is proposed .