bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Factors Related To Head MRI Changes In Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia And Effect On Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.
Authors: Takam Russel , Shuang Ma , Bao Xiu , Tian Cong , Hong Ji 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and ObjectiveThis study aims to detect how hyperbilirubinemia affects cerebral structures by imagery (MRI) to prevent irreversible future brain damage. Research Design and MethodsIn this retrospective study, 50 infants of 35 weeks gestation or more with hyperbilirubinemia were assigned to two groups based on abnormal or normal head imaging (MRI). The primary outcomes included peak bilirubin levels according to socio-demographic factors and how these levels influence MRI.The secondary outcome was neurodevelopment at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months for the imaging changes versus the normal imaging groups assessed by a combined formulaire based on the CDC’s developmental milestones, the Denver II Developmental Screening Test (DDST), the Hammersmith infant neurological exam, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) by investigators. ResultsPeak serum bilirubin levels (TSB) in the group with MRI changes, defined as bilaterally symmetrical signal intensity on T1- weighted imaging in the globus pallidus GP, was significantly higher than those in the group without MRI changes (342.5±47.6μmol/L vs. 284.3±46.3μmol/L), p=0.000. Odds ratios when observing TSB values with 342μmol/L as cut-off, showed that participants with TSB ≥ 342μmol/L were 12.4 times more likely of presenting with abnormal MR imaging (OR=12.4, 95% CI 2.191-70.672). In addition, a cross-tab comparison between MRI and milestones depicts MRI as having a 66.7% ，33.3% sensitivity and specificity while 12.5%，97.1% PPV (positive predictive value) and NPV (negative predictive values) respectively for milestone attainment. No relationship was found between abnormal outcomes and abnormal MRI. ConclusionsA significant relationship between high bilirubin levels and head imaging (MRI) was observed, but these changes in imaging could not significantly predict neurodevelopmental outcomes.
The association between serum albumia and length of stay of intensive care units in patients with heart failure
Authors: Liu Tao , Xuan Haochen , Wang Lili , Li Xiaoqun , Lu Zhihao , Tian Zhaoxuan , Chen Junhong , Wang Chaofan , Li Dongye , Xu Tongda 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: To assess the relationship between serum albumia and length of stay (LOS) of the intensive care units (ICUs).Design and Participants: we retrospectively analyze 2843 patients from the medical information mart for intensive care III (the MIMIC-III ) database. Materials and Methods: The exposure variable of the present study was serum albumia, which was defined as serum albumia level at the time of admission to ICUs. The outcome variable was LOS of ICUs. The final models were established by multivariate linear regression, and trend test and smooth fitting curves were used to evaluate the association between serum albumia level and LOS of ICUs. The subgroups were conducted based on age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Results: Higher serum albumia level can reduce LOS of ICUs in patients with heart failure (HF) than lower serum albumia level (β: -1.18; 95%CI: -1.50, -0.86; P <0.001). Trend test and smooth curve fittings suggested that LOS of ICUs was gradually shorten when serum albumia level was gradually increased. The subgroups based on age, sex and BMI demonstrated similar results between serum albumia level and LOS of ICUs.Conclusion: The negative correlation between serum albumia level and LOS of ICUs among patients with HF was found. High serum albumia level might reduce LOS of ICUs in patients with HF, and the conclusion might guide clinical treatments and judge prognosis.
Cellulose-Inorganic Hybrids of Strongly Reduced Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Spiliopoulos Panagiotis , Gestranius Marie , Zhang Chao , Ghiyasi Ramin , Tomko John , Arstila Kai , Putkonen Matti , Hopkins Patrick E. , Karppinen Maarit , Tammelin Tekla , Kontturi Eero 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The employment of atomic layer deposition and spin coating techniques for preparing inorganic-organic hybrid multilayer structures of alternating ZnO-CNC layers was explored in this study. Helium ion microscopy and X-ray reflectivity showed the superlattice formation for the nanolaminate structures and atomic force microscopy established the efficient control of the CNCs surface coverage on the Al-doped ΖnO by manipulating the concentration of the spin coating solution. Thickness characterization of the hybrid structures was performed via both ellipsometry and X-ray reflectivity and the thermal conductivity was examined by time domain thermoreflectance technique. It appears that even the incorporation of a limited amount of CNCs between the ZnO laminates strongly suppresses the thermal conductivity. Even small, submonolayer amounts of CNCs worked as a more efficient insulating material than hydroquinone or cellulose nanofibers which have been employed in previous studies.
Cognitive Impairment Following Clinical or Recreational Use of Gammahydroxybutyric
Acid (GHB): A Systematic Review
Authors: Amsterdam Jan Van , Brunt Tibor M. , Pereira Filipa R. , Crunelle Cleo L. , Brink Wim Van Den 
Published: June 2021

Background:
GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid; sodium oxybate) is a general anaesthetic
that is clinically used for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, alcohol withdrawal and alcohol
relapse prevention. In addition, GHB is recreationally used. Most clinical and recreational users
regard GHB as an innocent drug devoid of adverse effects, despite its high dependence potential
and possible neurotoxic effects. At high doses, GHB may lead to a comatose state. This paper systematically
reviews possible cognitive impairments due to clinical and recreational GHB use.

Methods:
PubMed and PsychINFO were searched for literature data about the acute and residual
cognitive deficits following GHB use. This review is conducted using the PRISMA protocol.

Results:
A total of 43 reports covering human and animal data on GHB-induced cognitive impairments
were eligible and reviewed. This systematic review found no indication for cognitive impairments
after clinical GHB use. However, it supports the view that moderate GHB use may result
in acute short-term cognitive impairments, whereas regular high-dose GHB use and/or multiple
GHB-induced comas are probably neurotoxic resulting in long-term residual cognitive impairments.

Conclusion:
These results emphasize the need for awareness among clinicians and recreational
users to minimize negative health consequences of recreational GHB use, particularly when high
doses are used and GHB-induced comas occur.
DeepFusion-RBP: Using Deep Learning to Fuse Multiple Features to Identify RNA-binding Protein Sequences
Authors: Wang Xu , Wang Shunfang , Fu Haoyi , Ruan Xiaoli , Tang Xianjun 
Published: June 2021

Background:
RNA-binding protein plays an important role in regulating splicing, RNA
transport, and other post-transcriptional processes, identifying special RNA binding domains, and interacting
with RNA.

Objective:
This paper proposes a deep learning framework, DeepFusion-RBP, composed of three submodels.
A sliding window is used to obtain sub-sequences, local features are obtained, and then the
model is customized for each feature.

Methods:
The main advantage of this research is using the sliding window method to cut the original
sequence. While expanding the data set, this method avoids filling in too much meaningless data. Then,
the model is customized for each feature to accurately perform RNA binding protein classification, with
specific methods such as LSTM, Conv1D, Amino acid embedding, etc.

Results:
To test whether the customized model can improve the final prediction effect, we used different
combinations of sub-models and test sets of different lengths. The prediction ACC, F1-score and MCC
of DeepFusion-RBP are 92.62%, 91.29%, and 84.96%, respectively, with cross-validation. At the same
time, DeepFusion-RBP also showed excellent performance on three independent verification sets.

Conclusion:
The results of 10-fold cross-validation and the independent verification set tests both suggested
that the proposed models for different features and intercepting sub-sequences produce a certain
improvement in the prediction effect of the model. The data supporting the findings of the article are
available at https://github.com/mmwangxu/DeepFusion-RBP-tool.
Examining Challenges to the Incorporation of End Users in the Design of Digital Health Interventions: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Duffy Anthony , Christie Greg , Moreno Sylvain 
Published: June 2021

Background
The process of designing a digital health intervention (DHI)—also referred to as mobile health or eHealth—spans needs assessments, technical functionality and feasibility, user satisfaction, effectiveness, impact, and value. These interventions are causing a rapid evolution in the landscape of health care. Multiple studies have shown their propensity to extend both the quality and reach of interventions. However, failure to improve DHI design is linked to failed uptake and health outcomes. This dilemma is further conflicted by the colliding backdrops of the digital and health industries, both of which approach, understand, and involve end users differently in the framing of a DHI.

Objective
The objective of this systematic review is to assess the challenges to incorporating end users in the design stage of digital health interventions, to identify key pain points, and to identify limitations and gaps for areas of future investigation.

Methods
The PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols) checklist will be used to structure this protocol. A systematic search of the PsycINFO, PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore databases will be conducted. Additionally, the PerSPEcTiF guidelines for complex interventions will be consulted. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts of the identified references and select studies according to the eligibility criteria. Any discrepancies will then be discussed and resolved. Two reviewers will independently extract and validate data from the included studies into a standardized form and conduct quality appraisal.

Results
As of February 2021, we have completed a preliminary literature search examining challenges to the incorporation of end users in the design stage of DHIs. Systematic searches, data extraction and analysis, and writing of the systematic review are expected to be completed by December 2021.

Conclusions
This systematic review aims to provide an effective summary of key pain points toward incorporating end users in DHIs. Results from this review will provide an evidence base for a better approach to end user involvement in the interest of improving efficacy and uptake of DHIs.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021238164; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=238164

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/28083
Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in HIV-infected people, depending on the level of immunodeficiency and viral load
Authors: Sergevnin V. I. , Ovchinnikov K. V. , Sarmometov E. V. , Kirshina A. A. 
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study was to study the timing and frequency of community — acquired pneumonia in HIV-infected people, depending on the level of immunodeficiency and viral load.Materials and methods. Based on the materials of the Perm regional center for the fight and prevention of AIDS and infectious diseases, medical documentation was studied for 396 patients with HIV-associated pneumonia who died in 2014–2018 the frequency of community-acquired pneumonia (EAP) was estimated depending on the level of immunodeficiency and viral load.Results and discussion. It turned out that in most cases, EAP in relation to HIV infection is a secondary disease. The average duration of EAP after HIV infection was 4,6±3,7 years. With increasing immunodeficiency and viral load, the incidence of VP increases. Most often, VP is registered with CD4+ lymphocytes less than 200 cells/μl and viral load of 10 000–100 000 copies/ml.
Trademark Ownership by the Local Government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta: A Model for Municipal Ownership of Intellectual Property Rights
Authors: Riswandi Budi Agus 
Published: June 2021

This article aims at elaborating the trademark ownership by the local government in Yogyakarta. As an effort to leverage the region’s historical status in order to add value to products made in this region, the Special Region of Yogyakarta (the “DIY” or the “DIY Government”) has registered its trademarks like “Jogjamark” and “100% Jogja.” However, there remains a question as to wether the DIY Government have the same rights and obligations concerning intellectual property as private entities, as longa a municipal government is concerned. Generally, a public legal entity is subject to the same laws, with both rights and obligations, as any other legal entity. In this context, the local government of the DIY’s registration of these marks clearly confirms that the Local Government of the DIY is the trademark owner of those trademarks. This registration requires the question as to whether this government entity can legally own registered trademarks or not. In addition, even if the registration is legal, to what extent can the local government use and protect its intellectual property? This paper will address these two issues through an empirical research study, and determines that as a legal entity, the local government can and should own trademarks for the benefit of its population.
Going Too Far Is as Bad as Not Going Far Enough: An Inverted U-Shaped Relationship between Internal Controls and Operational Efficiency
Authors: Chen Hanwen , Li Ting , Zhang Chuancai 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
In this study, we explore the inverted U-shaped association between internal control quality and firm operational efficiency. Although effective internal controls can facilitate and improve operational efficiency, excessive internal controls can negatively affect operational efficiency by (1) influencing management energy, attention, risk-taking, and innovation motivations, (2) hindering employees' creativity, enthusiasm, and trust. Our findings support the inverted U-shaped association. We further explore and prove the two channels through which internal controls affect firm operational efficiency: the “information channel” (the quality of internal management reports), and the “application channel” (the enforcement of internal controls). Additionally, we show that the inverted U-shaped association only exists in non-state-owned firms. We do not find significant association between internal control quality and operational efficiency in state-owned firms. Overall, this study suggests that firms should not only establish an optimal level of internal controls, but also enforce the internal controls effectively to achieve their intended goals.
Etiology of Autoimmune Islet Disease: Timing Is Everything
Authors: Lernmark Åke 
Published: June 2021

Life is about timing. —Carl Lewis
The understanding of autoimmune type 1 diabetes is increasing, and examining etiology separate from pathogenesis has become crucial. The components to explain type 1 diabetes development have been known for some time. The strong association with HLA has been researched for nearly 50 years. Genome-wide association studies added another 60+ non-HLA genetic factors with minor contribution to risk. Insulitis has long been known to be present close to clinical diagnosis. T and B cells recognizing β-cell autoantigens are detectable prior to diagnosis and in newly diagnosed patients. Islet autoantibody tests against four major autoantigens have been standardized and used as biomarkers of islet autoimmunity. However, to clarify the etiology would require attention to time. Etiology may be defined as the cause of a disease (i.e., type 1 diabetes) or abnormal condition (i.e., islet autoimmunity). Timing is everything, as neither the prodrome of islet autoimmunity nor the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes tells us much about the etiology. Rather, the islet autoantibody that appears first and persists would mark the diagnosis of an autoimmune islet disease (AID). Events after the diagnosis of AID would represent the pathogenesis. Several islet autoantibodies without (stage 1) or with impaired glucose tolerance (stage 2) or with symptoms (stage 3) would define the pathogenesis culminating in clinical type 1 diabetes. Etiology would be about the timing of events that take place before the first-appearing islet autoantibody.
Plasma diagnostic of gliding arc discharge at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Hameed T. A. , Kadhem S. J. 
Published: June 2021

A gliding arc discharge (GAD) with a water spray system was constructed. A non-thermal plasma, generated between two V shaped electrodes in an ambient argon driven by 100 Hz AC voltage, was investigated using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) with different gas flow rates (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 , 2.5 , 3 1/min). Boltzmann plot method was used to calculate electron temperature (Te) and electron density (ne). The electrodes design was spectrally recognized and its Te value was about 0.588-0.863 eV, while the ne value of 6.875Ã—1017-10.938Ã—1017 cm-3. The results of the plasma diagnostics generated by gliding arc showed that increasing gas flow rates was associated with decreased electron temperature (Te), Debye length, and Debye Number, along with decreased electron density (ne) and plasma frequency.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KELINCAHAN MELALUI LATIHAN SHADOW PADA ATLIT PERSATUAN BULUTANGKIS BARENG KARTINI MALANG
Authors: Gunawan Ari , Elfry Elfry 
Published: June 2021

Pada atlet persatuan bulutangkis bareng kartini ditemukan masih kesulitan dalam menghadapi lawan terutama saat atlet mendapatkan bola di depan maupun dibelakang masih terlihat kaku, atlet terlihat kesulitan dalam memposisi diri saat bola datang di berbagai arah. Hal ini yang disinyalir bahwa atlet tersebut mengalami kekurangan dalam kelincahan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut diperlukan suatu latihan yaitu latihan shadow. Berdasarkan permasalahan di atas, penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan Kelincahan atlet bulu tangkis Bareng Kartini Malang melalui latihan shadow. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Olahraga (PTO). Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I dan siklus II terjadi peningkatan Kelincahan atlit persatuan bulutangkis bareng kartini yaitu Untuk kategori sangat baik sebanyak 20 atlet sebesar 66, 7 %, untuk kategori Baik sebanyak 7 atlet sebesar 23,3%, untuk kategori Sedang sebanyak 1 atlet sebesar 3,3%, untuk kategori kurang sebanyak 2 atlet sebesar 26,7%. Dapat disimpulkan untuk meningkatkan Kelincahan badminton dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan latihan shadow. Dalam menerapkan latihan shadow perlu memperhatikan prinsip-prinsip latihan agar menghindari resiko cedera dan overtraining.
ANÁLISE DAS QUESTÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS DO LIVRO DIDÁTICO “GEOGRAFIA GERAL E DO BRASIL: ESPAÇO GEOGRÁFICO E GLOBALIZAÇÃO”
Authors: Netto Manuela Castro Costa 
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar criticamente o livro didático Geografia geral e do Brasil: espaço geográfico e globalização, 5ª edição, publicado em 2012, por Eustáquio de Sene e João Carlos Moreira, a fim de pensar de qual forma a população afro-brasileira é retratada no material, e sobre as consequências da falta de conteúdo sobre as matrizes de origem africana no ensino sobre o Brasil contemporâneo, mesmo com todo o impacto que essas têm na formação da cultura e da sociedade brasileira. Tendo em perspectiva a Lei no 10.639, de 2003, que estabelece a obrigatoriedade de incluir no currículo oficial da rede de ensino a temática “História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Indígena”, questionamos a forma que a história do país é contada sem explicar a relação entre a história escravista do nosso continente com a situação atual de desigualdade econômica, social e política da população negra brasileira.
Raça
Authors: Borges Erica Naiara Ribeiro , Santos José Francisco dos 
Published: June 2021

Este artigo faz uma análise sobre raça e mestiçagem na construção da identidade pós colonial no Brasil enquanto ferramenta de poder para justificar a subalternização e apagamento de negros e mestiços na formação da sociedade. Inserimos o pensamento de Geraldo Rocha que compreende ser o mestiço sertanejo um exemplo da autêntica identidade nacional. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica, analisamos esse processo de positivação de um mestiço e as influências teóricas que permitiram essa positivação
GDPR v. GDPL
Authors: Iramina Aline 
Published: June 2021

Purpose ”“ The main purpose of this article is to analyze the aspects of the responsiveness approach adopted by European and Brazilian lawmakers in the elaboration of data protection rules, such as GDPR and LGPD.
Methodology ”“ The applied methodology is based on the responsive regulation theory and, additionally, the network governance theory, through the comparative analysis of personal data protection legal frameworks in Brazil and the EU.
Findings ”“ Based on the comparative analysis of the GDPR and the LGPD, it is verified the adoption of escalated regulatory techniques of Ayres and Braithwaite’s enforcement pyramid in the developed of these norms, as a strategy adopted by lawmakers to guarantee a greater compliance from regulated entities.
Violência, Poder e Resistência: análises bioéticas Ã luz da fenomenologia
Authors: Santos Ivone Laurentino dos 
Published: June 2021

Este artigo analisa, no contexto da bioética, as relações existentes entre violência, poder e resistência, Ã luz da fenomenologia. A perspectiva é de resgatar a Bioética, no sentido de repensarmos as práticas sociais, quando estas se omitem frente Ã violência e a todo tipo de objetivação dos seres humanos. Devido a complexidade da problemática em questão, o método foi o fenomenológico, na tentativa de ver a essência da realidade mesma, evitando as explicações fáceis do senso comum. A aceitação tácita da violência, por parte de setores sociais importantes, acaba por provocar a ‘banalização’ deste e de outros problemas que afetam, especialmente, a ‘banda frágil da sociedade’. Este ‘silêncio’ deve ser rompido, possibilitando a resistência Ã s forças políticas que atuam contra as liberdades individuais e a democracia. É imprescindível, nesse contexto, que a bioética promova os processos de desnaturalização de males sociais - como a violência - que diminuem, significativamente, as chances de vida das pessoas mais vulneráveis.
Pânico moral e as questões de gênero e sexualidade na BNCC
Authors: Silva Elder Luan dos Santos 
Published: June 2021

No processo de aprovação da BNCC as questões de gênero e sexualidade sofreram forte resistência de setores ultraconservadores e da bancada evangélica na câmara, culminando na supressão dos termos gênero, sexualidades e quaisquer outras questões que fomentem a cidadania LGBT. Nesse texto, reflito sobre o pânico moral que se instalou no Brasil em torno das questões de gênero e sexualidade na educação e as implicações que isso causou na Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Analiso os apagamentos que foram feitos na BNCC, e aciono como instrumento de análise as três versões disponíveis da base, os relatórios e pareceres da consulta pública Ã primeira e segunda versão, e a repercussão desses apagamentos nos principais sites de notícia do país.