bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Within-trial economic analysis of flare data from the BLISS-SC trial of subcutaneous belimumab in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lokhandwala Tasneem , Yue Binglin , Coutinho Anna D , Bell Christopher F 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveThe management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares can incur substantial healthcare costs. In the phase III BLISS-SC trial, subcutaneous (SC) belimumab 200 mg plus standard therapy was associated with significant reductions in time to severe flare, and risk of flares, versus placebo plus standard therapy, in adults with active SLE. We evaluated whether the reduction in SLE flares with belimumab SC plus standard therapy translated to lower healthcare costs.MethodsA retrospective, post hoc economic analysis of BLISS-SC data was conducted. Unit costs per flare from claims data were estimated and applied to flares observed in BLISS-SC to quantify costs associated with treating severe flares (primary objective) or flares of any severity (secondary objective).ResultsOf 836 patients (n=556 belimumab, n=280 placebo) analysed (94.4% female, mean (standard deviation, SD) age 38.6 (12.3) years), 13.2% and 62.8% had experienced a severe or mild/moderate flare, respectively. Mean (SD) unit costs per severe, moderate, mild or mild/moderate flare were US$9273 (38 800), US$3048 (9321), US$1671 (6202) and US$2303 (7821), respectively. Adjusted mean costs of treating flares were significantly lower with belimumab SC plus standard therapy than placebo plus standard therapy (severe flare, US$927 lower, p<0.001; flare of any severity, US$1379 lower, p<0.001).ConclusionsThis economic analysis of data from the BLISS-SC trial revealed significant cost reductions were associated with treating SLE flares with belimumab SC plus standard therapy versus placebo plus standard therapy. These findings may help to inform decision making about introducing belimumab to healthcare systems.Trial registration numberNCT01484496.
Clinical and technical factors associated with knee radiofrequency ablation outcomes: a multicenter analysis
Authors: Chen Yian , Vu To-Nhu H , Chinchilli Vernon M , Farrag Mohamed , Roybal Alexandra R , Huh Albert , Cohen Zared O , Becker Adam B , Arvanaghi Babak , Agrawal Mrinal , Ogden Jacob , Cohen Steven P 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThere has been a surge in interest in radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the genicular nerves over the past decade, with wide variability in selection, technique and outcomes. The aim of this study is to determine factors associated with treatment outcome.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the effect of 23 demographic, clinical and technical variables on outcomes in 265 patients who underwent genicular nerve RFA for knee pain at 2 civilian and 1 military hospital. A primary outcome was designated as a>30% decrease in average knee pain score lasting at least 3 months without cointerventions.ResultsThe overall rate of a positive response was 61.1% (95% CI 55.2% to 67.0%). In univariable analysis, larger electrode size (p=0.01), repeated lesions (p=0.02), having>80% pain relief during the prognostic block (p=0.02), not being on opioids (p=0.04), having no coexisting psychiatric condition (p=0.02), having a lower baseline pain score (p=0.01) and having >3 nerves targeted (p=0.02) were associated with a positive outcome. In multivariate logistic analysis, being obese (OR 3.68, 95% CI 1.66 to 8.19, p=0.001), not using opioids (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.77, p=0.009), not being depressed (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.82, p=0.02), use of cooled RFA (OR 3.88, 95% CI 1.63 to 9.23, p=0.002) and performing multiple lesions at each neural target (OR 15.88, 95% CI 4.24 to 59.50, p<0.001) were associated with positive outcome.ConclusionsWe identified multiple clinical and technical factors associated with treatment outcome, which should be considered when selecting patients for RFA treatment and in the design of clinical trials.
Dark matter models for the 511 keV galactic line predict keV electron recoils on Earth
Authors: Ema Yohei , Sala Filippo , Sato Ryosuke 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe propose models of Dark Matter that account for the 511 keV photon emission from the Galactic Centre, compatibly with experimental constraints and theoretical consistency, and where the relic abundance is achieved via p-wave annihilations or, in inelastic models, via co-annihilations. Due to the Dark Matter component that is inevitably upscattered by the Sun, these models generically predict keV electron recoils at detectors on Earth, and could naturally explain the excess recently reported by the XENON1T collaboration. The very small number of free parameters make these ideas testable by detectors like XENONnT and Panda-X, by accelerators like NA64 and LDMX, and by cosmological surveys like the Simons observatory and CMB-S4. As a byproduct of our study, we recast NA64 limits on invisibly decaying dark photons to other particles.
A proposal to measure Belinfante’s curl of the spin optical force based on the Kerker conditions
Authors: Marqués Manuel I. , Edelstein Shulamit , Serena Pedro A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe linear momentum of electromagnetic radiation is proportional to the Poynting vector. However, when light interacts with a dipole, the radiation pressure generated is no longer proportional to the Poynting vector: the so-called Belinfante’s momentum or equivalently, the curl of the spin density of the light field, must be considered. In this paper, we propose an optical configuration, based on two evanescent counter-propagating waves, perpendicularly polarized, capable of detecting Belinfante’s mechanical action. The two beams interact with a high-refractive-index particle like silicon. The direction of the radiation pressure exerted on the particle, proportional only to the curl of the spin density, depends on the electric and magnetic response of the particle and changes sign at the radiation wavelengths corresponding with the Kerker conditions.
Totally biharmonic hypersurfaces in space forms and 3-dimensional BCV spaces
Authors: Montaldo S. , Pámpano A. 
Published: February 2021

A hypersurface is said to be totally biharmonic if all its geodesics are biharmonic curves in the ambient space. We prove that a totally biharmonic hypersurface into a space form is an isoparametric biharmonic hypersurface, which allows us to give the full classification of totally biharmonic hypersurfaces in these spaces. Moreover, restricting ourselves to the 3-dimensional case, we show that totally biharmonic surfaces into Bianchi–Cartan–Vranceanu spaces are isoparametric surfaces and we give their full classification. In particular, we show that, leaving aside surfaces in the 3-dimensional sphere, the only nontrivial example of a totally biharmonic surface appears in the product space [Formula: see text].
Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies a Risk Stratification Signature for Predicting Peritoneal Recurrence and Micrometastasis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lee In-Seob , Lee Heonyi , Hur Hoon , Kanda Mitsuro , Yook Jeong-Hwan , Kim Byung-Sik , Woo Yanghee , Kodera Yasuhiro , Kim Kwangsoo , Goel Ajay 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Gastric cancer peritoneal carcinomatosis is fatal. Delay in detection of peritoneal metastases contributes to high mortality, highlighting the need to develop biomarkers that can help identify patients at high risk for peritoneal recurrence or metastasis.

Experimental Design:
We performed a systematic discovery and validation for the identification of peritoneal recurrence prediction and peritoneal metastasis detection biomarkers by analyzing expression profiling datasets from 249 patients with gastric cancer, followed by analysis of 426 patients from three cohorts for clinical validation.

Results:
Genome-wide expression profiling identified a 12-gene panel for robust prediction of peritoneal recurrence in patients with gastric cancer (AUC = 0.95), which was successfully validated in a second dataset (AUC = 0.86). Examination of 216 specimens from a training cohort allowed us to establish a six gene–based risk-prediction model [AUC = 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66–0.78], which was subsequently validated in an independent cohort of 111 patients with gastric cancer (AUC = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.67–0.83). In both cohorts, combining tumor morphology and depth of invasion further improved the predictive accuracy of the prediction model (AUC = 0.84). Thereafter, we evaluated the performance of the identical six-gene panel for its ability to detect peritoneal metastasis by analyzing 210 gastric cancer specimens (prior 111 patients plus additional 99 cases), which discriminated patients with and without peritoneal metastasis (AUC = 0.72). Finally, our biomarker panel was also remarkably effective for identifying peritoneal micrometastasis (AUC = 0.72), and its diagnostic accuracy was significantly enhanced when depth of invasion was included in the model (AUC = 0.85).

Conclusions:
Our novel transcriptomic signature for risk stratification and identification of high-risk patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis might serve as an important clinical decision making in patients with gastric cancer.
LncRNA ZNF593-AS Alleviates Contractile Dysfunction in Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Fan Jiahui , Li Huaping , Xie Rong , Zhang Xudong , Nie Xiang , Shi Xiaolu , Zhan Jiabing , Yin Zhongwei , Zhao Yanru , Dai Beibei , Yuan Shuai , Wen Zheng , Chen Chen , Wang Dao Wen 
Published: February 2021

Rationale:
Previously, we identified the human cardiac long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) profile in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), among which ZNF593-AS, also named as RP11-96L14.7 and ENST00000448923.2, showed good conservation among species.

Objective:
We aim to elucidate the mechanism underlying lncRNA in DCM and DCM that lead to heart failure, which might provide new insights into the mechanisms of DCM and possible treatment strategies in the future.

Methods and Results:

LncRNA expression was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization assays. Coding potential was verified by bioinformatic and biologic assays. Recombinant adeno-associated virus with cardiac-specific promoter was used to deliver lncRNA in vivo, while cardiac structure and functions were assessed by echocardiography and catheter. Sarcomere shortening, calcium imaging, gene expression profiling, and pull-down assays were performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms. ZNF593-AS, which mainly localized in the cytoplasm of cardiomyocytes, was robustly decreased in the failing heart of patients with DCM, as well as in phenylephrine-treated human cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of mmu-ZNF593-AS significantly improved transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice. Moreover, ZNF593-AS overexpression restored the aberrant Ca
2+
handling and contractility of cardiomyocytes from transverse aortic constriction-treated mice. Furthermore, we found that ZNF593-AS acted as a guide RNA scaffold and recruited HNRNPC (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C [C1/C2]) to RYR2 (ryanodine receptor type 2) mRNA, which, in turn, facilitated RYR2 mRNA stability, contributed to the improvement of cardiac Ca
2+
handling and contractile function in DCM.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggested that lncRNA-based therapeutics may protect against DCM.
MicroRNA-21–Dependent Macrophage-to-Fibroblast Signaling Determines the Cardiac Response to Pressure Overload
Authors: Ramanujam Deepak , Schön Anna Patricia , Beck Christina , Vaccarello Paula , Felician Giulia , Dueck Anne , Esfandyari Dena , Meister Gunter , Meitinger Thomas , Schulz Christian , Engelhardt Stefan 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Cardiac macrophages (cMPs) are increasingly recognized as important regulators of myocardial homeostasis and disease, yet the role of noncoding RNA in these cells is largely unknown. Small RNA sequencing of the entire miRNomes of the major cardiac cell fractions revealed microRNA-21 (miR-21) as the single highest expressed microRNA in cMPs, both in health and disease (25% and 43% of all microRNA reads, respectively). MiR-21 has been previously reported as a key microRNA driving tissue fibrosis. Here, we aimed to determine the function of macrophage miR-21 on myocardial homeostasis and disease-associated remodeling.

Methods:
Macrophage-specific ablation of miR-21 in mice driven by Cx3cr1-Cre was used to determine the function of miR-21 in this cell type. As a disease model, mice were subjected to pressure overload for 6 and 28 days. Cardiac function was assessed in vivo by echocardiography, followed by histological analyses and single-cell sequencing. Cocultures of macrophages and cardiac fibroblasts were used to study macrophage-to-fibroblast signaling.

Results:
Mice with macrophage-specific genetic deletion of miR-21 were protected from interstitial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction when subjected to pressure overload of the left ventricle. Single-cell sequencing of pressure-overloaded hearts from these mice revealed that miR-21 in macrophages is essential for their polarization toward a M1-like phenotype. Systematic quantification of intercellular communication mediated by ligand-receptor interactions across all cell types revealed that miR-21 primarily determined macrophage-fibroblast communication, promoting the transition from quiescent fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Polarization of isolated macrophages in vitro toward a proinflammatory (M1-like) phenotype activated myofibroblast transdifferentiation of cardiac fibroblasts in a paracrine manner and was dependent on miR-21 in cMPs.

Conclusions:
Our data indicate a critical role of cMPs in pressure overload–induced cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction and reveal macrophage miR-21 as a key molecule for the profibrotic role of cMPs.
Survival and Causes of Death Among Veterans With Lower Extremity Revascularization With Paclitaxel‐Coated Devices: Insights From the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Gutierrez Jorge Antonio , Rao Sunil V. , Jones William Schuyler , Secemsky Eric A. , Aday Aaron W. , Gu Lin , Schulteis Ryan D. , Krucoff Mitchell W. , White Roseann , Armstrong Ehrin J. , Banerjee Subhash , Tsai Shirling , Patel Manesh R. , Swaminathan Rajesh V. 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND
The long‐term safety of paclitaxel‐coated devices (PCDs; drug‐coated balloon or drug‐eluting stent) for peripheral endovascular intervention is uncertain. We used data from the Veterans Health Administration to evaluate the association between PCDs, long‐term mortality, and cause of death.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Using the Veterans Administration Corporate Data Warehouse in conjunction with
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
(
ICD‐10
) Procedure Coding System, Current Procedural Terminology, and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes, we identified patients with peripheral artery disease treated within the Veterans Administration for femoropopliteal artery revascularization between October 1, 2015, and June 30, 2019. An adjusted Cox regression, using stabilized inverse probability–weighted estimates, was used to evaluate the association between PCDs and long‐term survival. Cause of death data were obtained using the National Death Index. In total, 10 505 patients underwent femoropopliteal peripheral endovascular intervention; 2265 (21.6%) with a PCD and 8240 (78.4%) with a non‐PCD (percutaneous angioplasty balloon and/or bare metal stent). Survival rates at 2 years (77.4% versus 79.7%) and 3 years (70.7% versus 71.8%) were similar between PCD and non‐PCD groups, respectively. The adjusted hazard for all‐cause mortality for patients treated with a PCD versus non‐PCD was 1.06 (95% CI, 0.95–1.18,
P
=0.3013). Among patients who died between October 1, 2015, and December 31, 2017, the cause of death according to treatment group, PCD versus non‐PCD, was similar.

CONCLUSIONS
Among patients undergoing femoropopliteal peripheral endovascular intervention within the Veterans Administration Health Administration, there was no increased risk of long‐term, all‐cause mortality associated with PCD use. Cause‐specific mortality rates were similar between treatment groups.
Resource Use and Outcomes of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Admissions: 2003 to 2016
Authors: Edelson Jonathan B. , Rossano Joseph W. , Griffis Heather , Quarshie William O. , Ravishankar Chitra , O'Connor Matthew J. , Mascio Christopher E. , Mercer‐Rosa Laura , Glatz Andrew C. , Lin Kimberly Y. 
Published: February 2021

Background
Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are known to consume a disproportionate share of resources, yet there are limited data concerning trends in resource use and mortality among admitted children with CHD. We hypothesize that charges in CHD‐related admissions increased but that mortality improved over time.

Methods and Results

This study, including patients <18 years old with CHD, examined inpatient admissions from the nationally representative Kids' Inpatient Database from 2003 to 2016 in order to assess the frequency, medical complexity, and outcomes of CHD hospital admissions. A total of 859 843 admissions of children with CHD were identified. CHD admissions increased by 31.8% from 2003 to 2016, whereas overall pediatric admissions decreased by 13.4%. Compared with non‐CHD admissions, those with CHD were more likely to be <1 year of age (80.5% versus 63.3%), and to have ≥1 complex chronic condition (39.7% versus 9.3%). For CHD admissions, mortality was higher (2.97% versus 0.31%) and adjusted median charges greater ($48 426 [interquartile range (IQR), $11.932–$161 048] versus $4697 [IQR, $2551–$12 301]) (
P
<0.0001 for all). Among CHD admissions, whereas adjusted median charges increased from $35 577 (IQR, $9303–$110 439) to $61 696 (IQR, $15 212–$219 237), mortality decreased from 3.2% to 2.7% (
P for trend
<0.0001). CHD admissions accounted for an increased proportion of all inpatient deaths, from 18.0% in 2003 to 24.5% in 2016.

Conclusions
Children admitted with CHD are 10 times more likely to die than those without CHD and have higher charges. Although the rate of mortality in CHD admissions decreased, children with CHD accounted for an increasing proportion of all pediatric inpatient deaths. Effective resource allocation is critical to optimize outcomes in these high‐risk patients.
National Weather Service Severe Weather Warnings as Threats-in-Motion
Authors: Stumpf Gregory J. , Gerard Alan E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThreats-in-Motion (TIM) is a warning generation approach that would enable the NWS to advance severe thunderstorm and tornado warnings from the current static polygon system to continuously updating polygons that move forward with a storm. This concept is proposed as a first stage for implementation of the Forecasting a Continuum of Environmental Threats (FACETs) paradigm, which eventually aims to deliver rapidly updating probabilistic hazard information alongside NWS warnings, watches, and other products. With TIM, a warning polygon is attached to the threat and moves forward along with it. This provides more uniform, or equitable, lead time for all locations downstream of the event. When forecaster workload is high, storms remain continually tracked and warned. TIM mitigates gaps in warning coverage and improves the handling of storm motion changes. In addition, warnings are automatically cleared from locations where the threat has passed. This all results in greater average lead times and lower average departure times than current NWS warnings, with little to no impact to average false alarm time. This is particularly noteworthy for storms expected to live longer than the average warning duration (30 or 45 min) such as long-tracked supercells that are more prevalent during significant tornado outbreaks.
Operable, Low-Cost, High-Resolution, Patient-Specific 3D Printed Temporal Bones for Surgical Simulation and Evaluation
Authors: Freiser Monika E. , Ghodadra Anish , McCall Andrew A. , Shaffer Amber D. , Magnetta Michael , Jabbour Noel 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: Three-dimensional printed models created on a consumer level printer can be used to practice mastoidectomy and to discern mastoidectomy experience level. Current models in the literature for mastoidectomy are limited by expense or operability. The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the utility of an inexpensive model for mastoidectomy and (2) to assess whether the model can be used as an evaluation tool to discern the experience level of the surgeon performing mastoidectomy. Methods: Three-dimensional printed temporal bone models from the CT scan of a 7-year old patient were created using a consumer-level stereolithography 3D printer for a raw material cost of $10 each. Mastoidectomy with facial recess approach was performed by 4 PGY-2 residents, 4 PGY-5 residents, and 4 attending surgeons on the models who then filled out an evaluation. The drilled models were collected and then graded in a blinded fashion by 6 attending otolaryngologists. Results: Both residents and faculty felt the model was useful for training (mean score 4.7 out of 5; range: 4-5) and case preparation (mean score: 4.3; range: 3-5). Grading of the drilled models revealed significant differences between junior resident, senior resident, and attending surgeon scores ( P = .012) with moderate to excellent interrater agreement (ICC = 0.882). Conclusion: The described operable model that is patient-specific was rated favorably for pediatric mastoidectomy case preparation and training by residents and faculty. The model may be used to differentiate between experience levels and has promise for use in formative and summative evaluations.
Comparison of clinical and serological features of RT-PCR positive and negative COVID-19 patients
Authors: Li Caiqin , Su Qi , Liu Jun , Chen Lei , Li Yuting , Tian Xiaoli , Li Weidong 
Published: February 2021

Background In December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began in Wuhan, China, and led to a global epidemic. We aimed to compare the clinical and serological features of COVID-19 patients with positive and negative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study conducted from 9 February to 4 April 2020. COVID-19 patients at Leishenshan Hospital in Wuhan, China (125 total cases; 87 RT-PCR positive and 38 RT-PCR negative) were included. COVID-19 serology was assessed by colloidal gold assay. All cases were analyzed for demographic, clinical, and serological features. Results There were no significant differences in most demographic features, clinical symptoms, complications or treatments of RT-PCR positive and negative COVID-19 patients. Serum IgM/IgG was positive in 82 (94%) and 33 (87%) RT-PCR positive and negative cases, respectively. IgM was detectable as early as 3 days after symptom onset and was undetectable 60 days after symptom onset. By contrast, IgG could be detected only 10 days after symptom onset and reached its peak 60 days after symptom onset. Conclusions Serological tests performed during the appropriate time window of disease progression could be valuable auxiliary methods to RT-PCR in COVID-19 patients.