bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood walkability and body mass index in African American cancer survivors: The Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors study
Authors: Robinson Jamaica R. M. , Beebe‐Dimmer Jennifer L. , Schwartz Ann G. , Ruterbusch Julie J. , Baird Tara E. , Pandolfi Stephanie S. , Hastert Theresa A. , Quinn James W. , Rundle Andrew G. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundExtant evidence links neighborhood walkability with obesity‐related health in the general population. This association likely exists in cancer survivors, but research is limited. Furthermore, a disproportionate obesity burden in African American cancer survivors warrants subgroup‐specific analyses.MethodsThis study analyzed data from 2089 African American cancer survivors participating in the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors (ROCS) cohort. On the basis of built environment data summarized within 1‐km radial buffers around census block centroids, a multidimensional neighborhood walkability index (NWI) was constructed. Survivors' residential addresses at Detroit ROCS enrollment were geocoded, and addresses were linked to NWI scores via the census block of residence. At study enrollment, survivors reported height and weight; these data were used to calculate their body mass index (BMI). Associations between NWI quartiles and BMI overall and by cancer type, biological sex, and physical activity engagement were evaluated.ResultsBMI was found to be inversely associated with increasing NWI quartile (P for trend < .01). This inverse relationship was observed in men (P for trend < .01) and in survivors reporting any regular physical activity (P for trend < .01).ConclusionsThis study's findings suggest that among African American cancer survivors, higher neighborhood walkability is associated with lower BMI. As health care systems in the United States increasingly consider the role of the neighborhood environment in their patients' health, these findings provide additional evidence supporting health systems' incorporation of neighborhood walkability as an obesity‐related health indicator for this cancer survivor subgroup and potentially for cancer survivors from other vulnerable populations.
Construing colours using repertory grid technique: An idiographic approach in colour perception
Authors: Akbay Saadet , Börekçi Naz A. G. Z. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article offers an alternative methodological approach to the exploration of subjective experiences by studying individuals' personal views of perceived colours. The study aims to investigate the construals of individuals related to perceived colours using an idiographic approach. The subjective approach proposed is based on the theory of personal construct psychology and the methodology of the repertory grid technique. A repertory grid experiment was conducted to determine individuals' ways of construing colours and examine the collective understanding of the content and structure of individuals' construals concerning perceived colours. Sixty undergraduate students participated in the experiment, yielding 60 different repertory grids that included a number of personal constructs indicating the construal process of participants in differentiating between 11 basic colours. Participants produced their own semantic bipolar dimensions for comparing the perceived colours and creating differential ratings according to their personal constructs. The elicited data were evaluated using qualitative content analysis to understand the differences between individual systems of constructs and investigate the commonality of shared constructs relating to colours. The data were also analyzed quantitatively to investigate the common structure of and interrelationship between elicited constructs and perceived colours. The outcomes have the potential to contribute to academic and practical knowledge concerning colour perception, as well as encouraging further studies with an idiographic approach.
Evolutionary ensemble feature selection learning for image‐based assessment of lymphedema arm volume
Authors: Yaghoobi Notash Anaram , Bayat Peyman , Haghighat Shahpar , Yaghoobi Notash Ali 
Published: August 2021

SummaryArm lymphedema is a side effect of surgery and radiation therapy in patients with breast cancer. There are several methods to measure lymphedema arm volume, such as water displacement (WD) and circumferential measurement (CM). Although these techniques have a satisfactory level of accuracy, they have some limitations for clinical use in practical applications. To overcome these drawbacks, a horizontal‐vertical image scanning (HVIS) tool, is presented as a valid method for arm volume measurement. To predict the arm volume, an evolutionary ensemble feature selection learning (named EEFSL) comprising different base learners (KNN, SVM, ANFIS, Decision Tree, and Naïve Bayes) is presented. In order to improve the performance of the EEFSL model, its hyperparameters are optimized using genetic algorithm (GA). The hyperparameters include the weights of different base learners and the specific features for each base learner. The fitness function of GA is to maximize the correlation between predicted and actual arm volumes. The proposed method was successfully developed for arm measurement of 60 arms from 30 women with arm lymphedema. Obtained results indicate that the proposed HVIS‐EEFSL method is a reliable and valid technique to measure arm volume of patients with lymphedema, suitable for daily clinical use instead of WD and CM.
Models of Depression: Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress in Mice
Authors: Nollet Mathieu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMajor depression is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by affective, cognitive, and physiological impairments that lead to maladaptive behavior. The high lifetime prevalence of this disabling condition, coupled with limitations of existing medications, make necessary the development of improved therapeutics. This requires animal models that allow investigation of key biological correlates of the disorder. Described in this article is the unpredictable chronic mild stress mouse model that can be used to screen for antidepressant drug candidates. Originally designed for rats, this model has been adapted for mice to capitalize on the advantages of this species as an experimental model, including inter‐strain variability, which permits an exploration of the contribution of genetic background; the ability to create transgenic animals; and lower cost. Thus, because it combines genetic features and socio‐environmental chronic stressful events, the unpredictable chronic mild stress model in mice is a relevant and valuable paradigm to gain insight into the etiological and developmental components of major depression, as well as to identify novel treatments for this condition. © 2021 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress (UCMS) Test in MiceBasic Protocol 2: Assessment Of Self‐Directed Activity And Anhedonia in Mice
Reference standards for flow cytometric estimation of absolute nuclear DNA content in plants
Authors: Temsch Eva M. , Koutecký Petr , Urfus Tomáš , Šmarda Petr , Doležel Jaroslav 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe estimation of nuclear DNA content has been by far the most popular application of flow cytometry in plants. Because flow cytometry measures relative fluorescence intensities of nuclei stained by a DNA fluorochrome, ploidy determination, and estimation of the nuclear DNA content in absolute units both require comparison to a reference standard of known DNA content. This implies that the quality of the results obtained depends on the standard selection and use. Internal standardization, when the nuclei of an unknown sample and the reference standard are isolated, stained, and measured simultaneously, is mandatory for precise measurements. As DNA peaks representing G1/G0 nuclei of the sample and standard appear on the same histogram of fluorescence intensity, the quotient of their position on the fluorescence intensity axis provides the quotient of DNA amounts. For the estimation of DNA amounts in absolute units, a number of well‐established standards are now available to cover the range of known plant genome sizes. Since there are different standards in use, the standard and the genome size assigned to it has always to be reported. When none of the established standards fits, the introduction of a new standard species is needed. For this purpose, the regression line approach or simultaneous analysis of the candidate standard with several established standards should be prioritized. Moreover, the newly selected standard organism has to fulfill a number of requirements: it should be easy to identify and maintain, taxonomically unambiguous, globally available, with known genome size stability, lacking problematic metabolites, suitable for isolation of sufficient amounts of nuclei, and enabling measurements with low coefficients of variation of DNA peaks, hence suitable for the preparation of high quality samples.
Influence of Substitution Effect on MMCT in Mixed‐Valence Cyanido‐Bridged FeII−CN−Ru2III,III−NC−FeII System
Authors: Su Shao‐Dong , Zhu Xiao‐Quan , Wen Yue‐Hong , Wu Xin‐Tao , Sheng Tian‐Lu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work reports the designed synthesis and characterization of nine tetranuclear mixed valence cyanido‐bridged complexes [CpMen(dppe)FeIICNRu2III,III(X‐DMBA)4NCFeII(dppe)CpMen][PF6]2 (1–9: CpMen=polymethylcyclopentadienyl, n=0, 4, 5; DMBA=N,N’‐dimethylbenzamidinate, X= H, MeO, CF3). The regular variation of crystallographic data, IR and UV/Vis/NIR spectra for complexes 1–9 demonstrates that the substitution effect of the ligand at the donor or acceptor fragment has explicit influence on the MMCT properties. Moreover, the electrochemical measurement might suggest the existence of long‐range electronic coupling between the two terminal FeII in this FeII−CN−Ru2III,III−NC−FeII array.
Critical Ligand and Salt Effects in Organomagnesiate‐Promoted 3,3‐Disubstituted Phthalides Synthesis from 2‐Iodobenzoate Derivatives
Authors: Touchet Sabrina , Yeardley Callum , O'Hara Charles T. , Gros Philippe C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhthalides, also called isobenzofuranones, are widespread in many biologically active compounds and natural products. To date, most of their synthetic routes are non‐convergent. Herein we report a convergent route using a metal halogen exchange (MHE) strategy. Indeed MHE of easily available 2‐iodobenzoate derivatives, using the bimetallic organomagnesiate complex (rac)‐(BIPHEN)BuMgLi, where (rac)‐BIPHEN is (rac)‐5,5′,6,6′‐tetramethyl‐3,3′‐di‐t‐butyl‐1,1′‐biphenyl‐2,2′‐diol, followed by addition of a ketone which lead to an intramolecular cyclisation, and the formation of a series of diverse 3,3‐disubstituted isobenzofuranones in good yield. Among the several MHE agents investigated, (rac)‐(BIPHEN)BuMgLi was the only one to make such a process possible with full tolerance of various reactive functional substituents useful for subsequent transformations. The synthetic pathway to access the magnesiate has been found to play a prominent role in its reactivity. Therefore, the bimetallic magnesiate complex has been characterized by solution‐state 1H, 7Li and 1H DOSY NMR experiments.
A survey: Making “Smart Contracts” really smart
Authors: TİMUÇİN Tunahan , BİROĞUL Serdar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBlockchain technology is a distributed data recording system developed to monitor and secure all encrypted transactions with the shortest identification. Blockchain technology made a name for itself in 2008. However, the real development of this technology has been realized with use of smart contracts in Blockchain technology. In the cryptocurrency world, a smart contract can be defined as an application or program running on the Blockchain. They operate as digital deals that have to comply with certain rules. These rules are predetermined by computer codes and then copied and implemented by the servers in the entire network. The use of the word “smart” as a term in smart contracts comes from the fact that it is not made manually and is realized digitally. In this study, it is aimed to contribute to future studies in the transformation of smart contracts into real “smart” contract structures by applying artificial intelligence algorithms.
Astrocyte arborization enhances Ca2+ but not cAMP signaling plasticity
Authors: Pirnat Samo , Božić Mićo , Dolanc Dorian , Horvat Anemari , Tavčar Petra , Vardjan Nina , Verkhratsky Alexei , Zorec Robert , Stenovec Matjaž 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe plasticity of astrocytes is fundamental for their principal function, maintaining homeostasis of the central nervous system throughout life, and is associated with diverse exposomal challenges. Here, we used cultured astrocytes to investigate at subcellular level basic cell processes under controlled environmental conditions. We compared astroglial functional and signaling plasticity in standard serum‐containing growth medium, a condition mimicking pathologic conditions, and in medium without serum, favoring the acquisition of arborized morphology. Using opto−/electrophysiologic techniques, we examined cell viability, expression of astroglial markers, vesicle dynamics, and cytosolic Ca2+ and cAMP signaling. The results revealed altered vesicle dynamics in arborized astrocytes that was associated with increased resting [Ca2+]i and increased subcellular heterogeneity in [Ca2+]i, whereas [cAMP]i subcellular dynamics remained stable in both cultures, indicating that cAMP signaling is less prone to plastic remodeling than Ca2+ signaling, possibly also in in vivo contexts.
Synergistic combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy and cyclin‐dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors in biliary tract cancers
Authors: Arora Mansi , Bogenberger James M. , Abdelrahman Amro M. , Yonkus Jennifer , Alva‐Ruiz Roberto , Leiting Jennifer L. , Chen Xianfeng , Serrano Uson Junior Pedro Luiz , Dumbauld Chelsae R. , Baker Alexander T. , Gamb Scott I. , Egan Jan B. , Zhou Yumei , Nagalo Bolni Marius , Meurice Nathalie , Eskelinen Eeva‐Liisa , Salomao Marcela A. , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Braggio Esteban , Barrett Michael T. , Buetow Kenneth H. , Sonbol Mohamad B. , Mansfield Aaron S. , Roberts Lewis R. , Bekaii‐Saab Tanios S. , Ahn Daniel H. , Truty Mark J. , Borad Mitesh J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background and aims
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are uncommon, but highly lethal, gastrointestinal malignancies. Gemcitabine/cisplatin is a standard‐of‐care systemic therapy, but has a modest impact on survival and harbors toxicities, including myelosuppression, nephropathy, neuropathy, and ototoxicity. Whereas BTCs are characterized by aberrations activating the cyclinD1/cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK)4/6/CDK inhibitor 2a/retinoblastoma pathway, clinical use of CDK4/6 inhibitors as monotherapy is limited by lack of validated biomarkers, diffident preclinical efficacy, and development of acquired drug resistance. Emerging studies have explored therapeutic strategies to enhance the antitumor efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors by the combination with chemotherapy regimens, but their mechanism of action remains elusive.

Approach and results
Here, we report in vitro and in vivo synergy in BTC models, showing enhanced efficacy, reduced toxicity, and better survival with a combination comprising gemcitabine/cisplatin and CDK4/6 inhibitors. Furthermore, we demonstrated that abemaciclib monotherapy had only modest efficacy attributable to autophagy‐induced resistance. Notably, triplet therapy was able to potentiate efficacy through elimination of the autophagic flux. Correspondingly, abemaciclib potentiated ribonucleotide reductase catalytic subunit M1 reduction, resulting in sensitization to gemcitabine.

Conclusions
As such, these data provide robust preclinical mechanistic evidence of synergy between gemcitabine/cisplatin and CDK4/6 inhibitors and delineate a path forward for translation of these findings to preliminary clinical studies in advanced BTC patients.
Health Effects of Calcium: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization Studies
Authors: Chen Yiheng , Forgetta Vincenzo , Richards J. Brent , Zhou Sirui 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTCalcium is widely used in conjunction with vitamin D to prevent osteoporosis. The use of calcium supplementation is also promoted for its potential benefits in lowering the risk for metabolic syndromes and cancers. However, the causal link between calcium and various health outcomes remains unclear. This review focuses on the evidence from 24 Mendelian randomization (MR) studies that were designed to minimize bias from confounding and reverse causation. These MR studies evaluated the effect of lifelong genetically higher serum calcium levels on various health outcomes. Overall, available MR studies found no conclusive effects of serum calcium levels on bone mineral density and fracture, ischemic stroke and heart failure, cancers, type 2 diabetes, Parkinson disease, or offspring birth weight. However, a higher serum calcium concentration was reported to have estimated causal effects on increased risks for coronary artery disease (especially myocardial infarction), migraine, renal colic, allergy/adverse effect of penicillin, and reduced risks for osteoarthrosis and osteoarthritis. In conclusion, supplementation of calcium in individuals from the general population is not predicted to influence the risk of most investigated diseases to date. Moreover, long‐term high serum calcium concentrations may result in adverse health outcomes. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The Use of Oral Amino-Bisphosphonates and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outcomes
Authors: Degli Esposti Luca , Perrone Valentina , Sangiorgi Diego , Andretta Margherita , Bartolini Fausto , Cavaliere Arturo , Ciaccia Andrea , Dell'orco Stefania , Grego Stefano , Salzano Sara , Ubertazzo Loredana , Vercellone Adriano , Gatti Davide , Fassio Angelo , Viapiana Ombretta , Rossini Maurizio , Adami Giovanni 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
The determinants of the susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) manifestations are yet not fully understood. Amino-bisphosphonates (N-BPs) have anti-inflammatory properties and have been shown to reduce the incidence of lower respiratory infections, cardiovascular events, and cancer. We conducted a population-based retrospective observational cohort study with the primary objective of determining if oral N-BPs treatment can play a role in the susceptibility to development of severe COVID-19. Administrative International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical ModificationI (ICD-9-CM) and anatomical-therapeutic chemical (ATC) code data, representative of Italian population (9% sample of the overall population), were analyzed. Oral N-BPs (mainly alendronate and risedronate) were included in the analysis, zoledronic acid was excluded because of the low number of patients at risk. Incidence of COVID-19 hospitalization was 12.32 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.61–15.04) and 11.55 (95% CI, 8.91–14.20), of intensive care unit (ICU) utilization because of COVID-19 was 1.25 (95% CI, 0.38–2.11) and 1.42 (95% CI, 0.49–2.36), and of all-cause death was 4.06 (95% CI, 2.50–5.61) and 3.96 (95% CI, 2.41–5.51) for oral N-BPs users and nonusers, respectively. Sensitivity analyses that excluded patients with prevalent vertebral or hip fragility fractures and without concomitant glucocorticoid treatment yielded similar results. In conclusion, we found that the incidence of COVID-19 hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) utilization, and COVID-19 potentially related mortality were similar in N-BPs–treated and nontreated subjects. Similar results were found in N-BPs versus other anti-osteoporotic drugs. We provide real-life data on the safety of oral N-BPs in terms of severe COVID-19 risk on a population-based cohort. Our results do not support the hypothesis that oral N-BPs can prevent COVID-19 infection and/or severe COVID-19; however, they do not seem to increase the risk. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
DJMol: An open‐source modeling platform for computational chemistry and materials science with a Python interpreter
Authors: G. Prasanna Krishnamohan , Sunil Rahul , Gupta Kapil , Lee Seung‐Cheol 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe present a modular and extendable software suite, DJMol, for performing molecular simulations and it is demonstrated with DFTB+, Siesta, Atomic Simulation Environment, and OpenMD codes. It supports many of the standard features of an integrated development environment and consists of a structure builder and viewer, which could be connected with these electronic structure codes along with a set of data analyzers. This program comprises Java and Python modules and its libraries to carry out a different set of modeling tasks in materials science and chemistry. By adopting a Python interpreter into the software, a range of scriptable Python codes, such as Pymatgen can be incorporated into this programmable modeling platform. DJMol, through its common application programming interface (API), supports multiple modeling codes in the backend and several post‐processing tools. It benefits an experienced user by increasing efficiency, while a nonexpert user by easy to use API.
Momentum removal to obtain the position‐dependent diffusion constant in constrained molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Fujimoto Kazushi , Nagai Tetsuro , Yamaguchi Tsuyoshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe position‐dependent diffusion coefficient along with free energy profile are important parameters needed to study mass transport in heterogeneous systems such as biological and polymer membranes, and molecular dynamics (MD) calculation is a popular tool to obtain them. Among many methodologies, the Marrink–Berendsen (MB) method is often employed to calculate the position‐dependent diffusion coefficient, in which the autocorrelation function of the force on a fixed molecule is related to the friction on the molecule. However, the diffusion coefficient is shown to be affected by the period of the removal of the center‐of‐mass velocity, , which is necessary when performing MD calculations using the Ewald method for Coulombic interaction. We have clarified theoretically in this study how this operation affects the diffusion coefficient calculated by the MB method, and the theoretical predictions are proven by MD calculations. Therefore, we succeeded in providing guidance on how to select an appropriate value in estimating the position‐dependent diffusion coefficient by the MB method. This guideline is applicable also to the Woolf–Roux method.