bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telecoupling urbanization and mountain areas deforestation between 2000 and 2020: Evidence from Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Xiong Bo , Chen Ruishan , An Li , Zhang Qi , Xia Zilong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractForest transition theory posits that socioeconomic development in a country or region may cause its forestland to shift from net loss to net gain. However, forest transition may also occur under various policies, resulting in forest gains in some regions but deforestation in other regions. We used the telecoupling framework to address this crucially important issue that has rarely been examined. Using time series satellite images and statistical yearbook data from 2000 to 2020, this study seeks to understand land use change patterns, the corresponding regional spillover effects, and the driving forces behind such patterns in Zhejiang Province, China. The results show that large‐scale continuous deforestation has taken place since 2000, causing a total loss of forestland by 22,823 ha. In parallel with this forest loss and a slight decrease in arable land, urban construction land has soared by 169.45%. We found that more developed municipalities such as Hangzhou witnessed increases in urban land at the expense of large‐scale deforestation in less developed municipalities such as Lishui. This cross‐region land use change pattern may arise from the balance of arable land system (BALS) policy that seeks to achieve a goal of no net loss of arable land. Land use policy—such as the BALS policy—must strike a good balance among competitive land uses that have different objectives such as residents' living, ecology, and production. In addition to enriching the forest transition theory, this study provides a solid basis for future land use decisions in developing regions or countries.
Early phase clinical studies of AR‐42, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, for neurofibromatosis type 2‐associated vestibular schwannomas and meningiomas
Authors: Welling D. Bradley , Collier Katharine A. , Burns Sarah S. , Oblinger Janet L. , Shu Edina , Miles‐Markley Beth A. , Hofmeister Craig C. , Makary Mina S. , Slone H. Wayne , Blakeley Jaishri O. , Mansouri S. Alireza , Neff Brian A. , Jackler Robert K. , Mortazavi Amir , Chang Long‐Sheng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesTwo pilot studies of AR‐42, a pan‐histone deacetylase inhibitor, in human neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), vestibular schwannomas (VS), and meningiomas are presented. Primary endpoints included safety, and intra‐tumoral pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD).MethodsPilot 1 is a subset analysis of a phase 1 study of AR‐42 in solid tumors, which included NF2 or sporadic meningiomas. Tumor volumes and treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs) are reported (NCT01129193).Pilot 2 is a phase 0 surgical study of AR‐42 assessing intra‐tumoral PK and PD. AR‐42 was administered for 3 weeks pre‐operatively. Plasma and tumor drug concentrations and p‐AKT expression were measured (NCT02282917).ResultsPilot 1: Five patients with NF2 and two with sporadic meningiomas experienced a similar incidence of TRAEs to the overall phase I trial. The six evaluable patients had 15 tumors (8 VS, 7 meningiomas). On AR‐42, tumor volume increased in six, remained stable in eight, and decreased in one tumor. The annual percent growth rate decreased in eight, remained stable in three, and increased in four tumors. Pilot 2: Four patients with sporadic VS and one patient with meningioma experienced no grade 3/4 toxicities. Expression of p‐AKT decreased in three of four VS. All tumors had higher AR‐42 concentrations than plasma.ConclusionsAR‐42 is safe. Tumor volumes showed a mixed response, but most slowed growth. On a 40‐mg regimen, drug concentrated in tumors and growth pathways were suppressed in most tumors, suggesting this may be a well‐tolerated and effective dose. A phase 2 study of AR‐42 for NF2‐associated tumors appears warranted.Level of Evidence1b, 4.
A Brief Overview of Room Temperature Na‐S Batteries Using Composite Sulfur Cathode
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Mishra Kuldeep 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe research interests on sodium‐sulfur (Na‐S) batteries which have regained the worldwide attention from last few years. Na‐S battery technology seems a good choice for future grid level stationary energy storage units where the cost is as important as the performance from practical applications point of view. This paper summarizes basic principle of operation, major benefits, and challenges of room temperature Na‐S batteries using composite sulfur based cathodes. Few recent techniques employed by the research groups to develop composite sulfur cathodes for Na‐S batteries are highlighted including the guidelines for upcoming Na‐S batteries.
Evaluating the Impact of Recreational Harvest and Management Strategies for Bay Scallops Argopecten irradians concentricus in a Florida Gulf Coast Management Zone
Authors: Granneman J. , Baxley C. , Bollinger M. , Heil A. , LaGanke M. , Levine E. , Pearson W. , Pudlak E. , Williams K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Since 1994, the fishery for bay scallops Argopecten irradians concentricus in Florida has been limited to a recreational fishery that operates during the summer, before the spawning season in fall. Recent growth of the fishery necessitates a study of the effect of this increased exploitation on the bay scallop population. The study focused on one management zone, centered on the community of Steinhatchee, that is known for high rates of exploitation. Within this zone, we created a model of bay scallop harvest using fishery-independent and fishery-dependent survey methods and evaluated the risk of extirpation of the stock. We found that the fishery in the zone functions as a derby, with most harvest effort occurring when the season opens, followed by a steady decline throughout the season. Effort estimates suggest that 21,579 vessels, or 82,398 people, from 94% of Florida’s counties and 16 other states participated in the 2018 season in the Steinhatchee zone. The influx of harvesters generated approximately US$1.8 million in revenue for this small coastal community and resulted in an estimated fishing mortality of 57–72% of the population in the zone. The exploitation rate of the fishery in 2018 exceeded 0.4, suggesting that the fishery may be unable to sustain itself under current conditions. We evaluated management strategies and found that the bay scallop population in this zone would be in danger of being extirpated if harvest effort doubled, suggesting the need for regular monitoring of effort in this fishery in this zone and probably in the fishery statewide.
Experimental investigation of Harris Hawk optimization‐based maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic system under partial shading conditions
Authors: Gali Vijayakumar , Babu B. Chitti , Mutluri Ramesh Babu , Gupta Manoj , Gupta Sunil Kumar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn integrated quasi Z‐source DC–DC converter (qZSC) along with Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO)‐based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is proposed in this paper to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) system. The qZSC‐based PV system experiences more voltage and current stress during partial shading conditions (PSCs), which causes overheat on qZSC components hence, degrade the efficiency and reliability of the system. Conventional swarm intelligence‐based MPPT algorithms track the GMPP during PSC, but these take longer convergence time and fail to settle at GMPP. This uncertainty of finding the GMPP leads to fluctuations at output of qZSC, hence more stress on the converter components. HHO in tracking the Gmpp eliminates premature local MPPs, enhances convergence speed by expanding the search space for finding the GMPP. The proposed system is developed in MATLAB/Simulink environment and verified the results by developing prototype model in the laboratory by using C2000™ Piccolo™ Launch Pad™, LAUNCHXL‐F28027 controller. The tracking performance of the proposed HHO‐based MPPT algorithm is tested under fast changing and PSCs in comparison with perturb & observe (P&O), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and artificial bee colony (ABC)‐based MPPT algorithms. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed HHO‐based MPPT algorithm is robust, tracks maximum power point in minimum convergence time in comparison with P&O, PSO and ABC‐based MPPT algorithms. Hence, voltage and current fluctuations at the output of qZSC are reduced. Therefore, voltages and current stress on qZSC components are reduced and the efficiency of the system is improved.
Controlled and time‐scheduled drug delivery: Polyanhydride‐based nanoparticles as ocular medication carriers
Authors: Sheskin Tali , Geyer Orna , Lotan Noah , Sara Sivan Sarit 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNanoparticles offer an ideal opportunity for the efficient local anesthetic drug delivery required during and after ocular procedures. Currently available local anesthetic drugs are short acting, which may prevent adequate ocular pain control. Therefore, development of sustained controlled release anesthetic devices for pain control over a relatively short period (up to 48 h) potentially meets various opthalmological analgesic requirements. This study presents preliminary findings for drug delivery using poly(sebacic acid) (PSA) nanoparticles for tetracaine and lidocaine administration. Tetracaine‐ or lidocaine‐loaded PSA nanoparticles were prepared using a double emulsion methodology. Release profiles were similar for both formulations, with 50% cumulative release achieved after 17 h and 23 h for tetracaine and lidocaine, respectively. The release profiles were studied, and data obtained from in vitro experiments were fit to different mathematical models. Based on mathematical models used in this study, drug release from all PSA‐based formulations was diffusion‐controlled, best described by the Higuchi model. Based on preliminary experiments, a hybrid formulation providing a burst effect was designed to counter the fast adsorption of drug expected in the physiological system. This was achieved by coating the lidocaine‐loaded PSA nanoparticles with a gelatin/lidocaine layer. The coating provided accelerated lidocaine release, with 50% cumulative release obtained as early as 7 h compared to 23 h for uncoated nanoparticles. This formulation provided a triphasic release that can treat different pain levels at predetermined timelines. Our results provide new insight into the benefits of using polyanhydrides as a platform for drug delivery in ophthalmology.
Interfacial behavior of graphene carboxyl‐grafted carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites at elevated temperatures: Emphasis on the effect of electrophoretic deposition time
Authors: Gangineni Pavan Kumar , Patnaik Satyaroop , Gupta K. B. N. V. S. Ganesh , Prusty Rajesh Kumar , Ray Bankim Chandra 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElectrophoretic deposition (EPD) for decorating carbon fibers (CFs) was established to augment the interface of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites and thereby their mechanical performance. In the current work, graphene carboxyl (G‐COOH) was grafted on to CF surface via EPD technique at three different deposition times, that is, 30, 45, and 60 min. The laminates obtained from these modified CFs were subjected to short beam shear (SBS) tests at room temperature (RT) and different elevated temperatures, that is, 70, 100, and 120°C. The effect of deposition time on mechanical behavior at various temperatures was evaluated. Modified composites showed a maximum improvement of ∼25%, ∼16%, and ∼13% in interlaminar shear stress (ILSS) values over neat composite at RT, 70, and 120°C, respectively. However, interestingly 100°C modified composites showed inferior shear behavior in comparison with neat composite. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the tested samples to find out the dominant mode of failure.
LiDAR and multispectral imagery predict the occurrence of tree cavities suitable for a cavity‐nesting duck
Authors: Zlonis Edmund J. , Deo Ram , Berdeen James B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTree cavities are an essential habitat component for wildlife species across diverse taxa, from insects to large mammals. Many of these species are imperiled by loss of cavities. Further, conservation action is hindered by limited information on the spatial distribution of cavities, largely due to difficulties in developing useful models of their presence or abundance. Accurately predicting the fine‐scale, landscape‐wide, spatial distribution of these important habitat features would greatly benefit conservation measures. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of using remotely sensed data, including LiDAR, multispectral imagery, and SAR, to predict the locations of cavities suitable for nesting Wood DucksAix sponsaat fine scales (≤40 × 40 m) and across a broad landscape (~254 000 ha). We used Random Forest models to classify the presence–absence of cavities at four spatial scales of prediction (5, 10, 20, and 40‐m pixels) as well as three groupings of predictor variables (LiDAR‐derived metrics, spatial forest‐inventory variables [derived via LiDAR or imagery], and ancillary remotely sensed data [derived via SAR or imagery]), and then compared the accuracy between models. The 20‐m response‐scale had the highest accuracy. Variables from each of the groupings were important and largely relied on multispectral imagery and LiDAR data. Our final model and predictive map had 84% overall Out of Bag accuracy and, when tested with an independent cavity dataset, correctly identified 80% of trees with suitable cavities as presences. The predictive map can be used by researchers and land‐managers to determine how past management actions have affected cavity availability as well as the locations of habitat complexes for Wood Ducks and, potentially, other secondary‐cavity‐nesting wildlife. In addition, our analysis can serve as a methodological case‐study for cavity‐nesting wildlife in other regions, as the use of remotely sensed data like high‐density LiDAR and multispectral imagery increases.
The impact of information visibility on ordering dynamics in a supply chain: a behavioral perspective
Authors: Gonçalves Paulo , Moshtari Mohammad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrevious research on the Bullwhip Effect shows that information visibility—Point‐Of‐Sale (POS) data or supply‐chain partner‐inventory data—can reduce the amplification of orders in a supply chain. This study compiles and analyzes the data from two previous experiments with the beer game (Croson and Donohue, 2003, 2006) to gain insight on the specific mechanisms that decrease order amplification. By structuring the data as a panel and using a fixed‐effects estimation model, we find that additional supply‐chain‐level information (e.g., POS and inventory data) leads subjects to react less aggressively to changes in their own inventory and to pay more attention to the supply line of orders placed. Furthermore, our analysis shows that such effects are more pronounced for upstream subjects. Our findings provide insight into the role that additional supply‐chain information play on subjects' orders in the beer game. © 2021 The Authors. System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society.
Multiple imputation of semi‐continuous exposure variables that are categorized for analysis
Authors: Nguyen Cattram D. , Moreno‐Betancur Margarita , Rodwell Laura , Romaniuk Helena , Carlin John B. , Lee Katherine J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSemi‐continuous variables are characterized by a point mass at one value and a continuous range of values for remaining observations. An example is alcohol consumption quantity, with a spike of zeros representing non‐drinkers and positive values for drinkers. If multiple imputation is used to handle missing values for semi‐continuous variables, it is unclear how this should be implemented within the standard approaches of fully conditional specification (FCS) and multivariate normal imputation (MVNI). This question is brought into focus by the use of categorized versions of semi‐continuous exposure variables in analyses (eg, no drinking, drinking below binge level, binge drinking, heavy binge drinking), raising the question of how best to achieve congeniality between imputation and analysis models. We performed a simulation study comparing nine approaches for imputing semi‐continuous exposures requiring categorization for analysis. Three methods imputed the categories directly: ordinal logistic regression, and imputation of binary indicator variables representing the categories using MVNI (with two variants). Six methods (predictive mean matching, zero‐inflated binomial imputation, and two‐part imputation methods with variants in FCS and MVNI) imputed the semi‐continuous variable, with categories derived after imputation. The ordinal and zero‐inflated binomial methods had good performance across most scenarios, while MVNI methods requiring rounding after imputation did not perform well. There were mixed results for predictive mean matching and the two‐part methods, depending on whether the estimands were proportions or regression coefficients. The results highlight the need to consider the parameter of interest when selecting an imputation procedure.
Nanoporous B13C2 towards Highly Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Lan Jiao , Luo Min , Han Jiuhui , Peng Ming , Duan Huigao , Tan Yongwen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe electrochemical nitrogen fixation under mild conditions is a promising alternative to the current nitrogen industry with high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission. Here, a nanoporous boron carbide (np‐B13C2) catalyst is reported for electrochemical nitrogen fixation, which is fabricated by the combination of metallurgical alloy design and chemical etching. The resulting np‐B13C2 exhibits versatile catalytic activities towards N2 reduction reactions (NRR) and N2 oxidation reaction (NOR). A high NH3 yield of 91.28 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 35.53% at −0.05 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode are obtained for NRR, as well as long‐term stability of up to 70 h, making them among the most active NRR electrocatalysts. This catalyst can also achieve a NO3− yield of 165.8 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 and a FE of 8.4% for NOR. In situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations reveal that strong coupling between the BC sites modulates the electronic structures of adjacent B atoms of B13C2, which enables the B sites to effectively adsorb and activate chemical inert N2 molecules, resulting in lowered energy required by the potential‐determining step. Besides, the introduction of carbon can increase the inherent conductivity and reduce the binding energy of the reactants, thus improving N2 fixation performance.
Carbon Dots Evoked Li Ion Dynamics for Solid State Battery
Authors: Xu Laiqiang , Li Jiayang , Li Lin , Luo Zheng , Xiang Yinger , Deng Weina , Zou Guoqiang , Hou Hongshuai , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSolid composite electrolyte‐based Li battery is viewed as one of the most competitive system for the next generation batteries; however, it is still restricted by sluggish ion diffusion. Fast ion transport is a characteristic of the polyethylene oxide (PEO) amorphous phase, and the mobility of Li+ is restrained by the coordination interaction within PEO and Li+. Herein, the design of applying functionalized carbon dots (CDs) with abundant surface features as fillers is proposed. High ionic conductivity is achieved in the CD‐based composite electrolytes resulting from enhanced ion migration ability of polymer segments and mobility of Li+. Specially, the optimum effect with nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped carbon dots (NS‐CD) is a consequence of strong interaction between edge‐nitrogen/sulfur in NS‐CD and Li+. Solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance results confirm that more mobile Li+ is generated. Moreover, it is observed that lithium dendrite is suppressed compared to PEO electrolyte associated with reinforced mechanical properties and high transference number. The corresponding all‐solid‐state batteries, with the cathode of LiFePO4 or high voltage NCM523, exhibit long cycling life and excellent rate performances. It is a novel strategy to achieve high ionic conductivity composite electrolyte with uniform lithium deposition and provides a new direction to the mechanism of fast Li+ movement.
Integrating pattern matching and abstract interpretation for verifying cautions of microcontrollers
Authors: Nguyen Thuy , Tomita Takashi , Endo Junpei , Aoki Toshiaki 
Published: August 2021

SummaryHandling hardware‐dependent properties at a low level is usually required in developing microcontroller‐based applications. One of these hardware‐dependent properties is cautions, which are described in microcontrollers hardware manuals. The process of verifying these cautions is performed manually, as there is currently no single tool that can directly handle this task. This research aims at automating the verification of these cautions. To obtain the typical cautions of microcontrollers, we investigate two sections which have a considerable number of required cautions in the hardware manual of a popular microcontroller. Subsequently, we analyse these cautions and categorize them into several groups. Based on this analysis, we propose a semi‐automatic approach for verifying the cautions which integrates two static programme analysis techniques (i.e., pattern matching and abstract interpretation). To evaluate our approach, we conducted experiments with generated source code, benchmark source code, and industrial source code. The generated source code, which was created automatically based on several aspects of the C programme, was used to evaluate the performance of the approach based on these aspects. The benchmark and the industrial source code, which were provided by Aisin Software Co., Ltd., were used to assess the feasibility and applicability of the approach. The results show that all expected violations in the benchmark source code were detected. Unexpected but real violations in the benchmark programme were also detected. For the industrial source code, the approach successfully handled and detected most of the expected violations. These results show that the approach is promising in verifying the cautions.
Assessment Selection for Multilingual Learners’ Reading Development
Authors: Mancilla‐Martinez Jeannette , Hwang Jin Kyoung , Oh Min Hyun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study examined multilingual learners’ achievement and growth in their language and literacy skills. Fifty‐two multilingual students in Grades 2 and 4 with varying levels of English proficiency from Spanish‐speaking homes in the American South participated in this study. They were assessed on English reading comprehension (RC), English word reading, and English‐only, Spanish‐only, and Spanish‐English conceptually‐scored vocabulary knowledge across a school year. Descriptive and a series of ANOVA analyses revealed that English learners’ scores on all the measures were lower than those of their English‐proficient multilingual learner peers. Further, students evidenced low‐average English RC and English word reading, especially non‐word decoding. Most importantly, multilingual students’ performance on Spanish‐English conceptually‐scored vocabulary assessments revealed a positive pattern of achievement and growth, sharply contrasting with results based on typically‐used English‐only or Spanish‐only monolingual vocabulary assessments. Practical assessment and instructional implications are discussed.