bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kegawatdaruratan Bedah Abdomen Anak di Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarnegara Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nuchalida Mirza , Ujianto Agus , Yuandi Niko 
Published: June 2021

Kegawatdaruratan Bedah Abdomen Anak terhitung 2,4-3,1% pada kasus anak. Penyebab kegawatdaruratan bedah abdomen anak sangat umum dan sulit untuk diterapi. Objek pada penelitian ini menerapkan pada Rumah Sakit Sekunder di Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarnegara dengan pola dan hasil yang ada. Metode rekam medis anak usia 1 tahun hingga 16 tahun yang di rawat inap dengan operasi bedah abdomen pada anak di Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarnegara, antara tahun 2018 hingga Maret 2021 secara retrospektif. Hasil penelitian ada 40 anak usia 1 bulan hingga 16 tahun dalam penelitian ini. 25 laki-laki dan 15 perempuan. Rata rata usia nya adalah 10 tahun sementara lamanya dirawat inap di rumah sakit adalah 4,5 hari 25 pasien (62,5%) didiagnosis dalam 24 jam, 11 pasien (27,5%) di terapi setelah 24 jam hingga 48 jam, dan 4 pasien (10%) di terapi dalam waktu > 48 jam. trauma abdomen 1 anak (3,25%), intususepsi 3 anak (7,5%), hernia inguinalis 2 anak (3,125%), obstruksi usus 5 anak (12,55%), apendisitis perforasi 13 anak (32,5%), dan akut apendisitis 16 anak (40%), 39 anak (97,5%) yang mendapat komplikasi setelah operasi. Rata -rata komplikasinya adalah infeksi dan terjadi perforasi apendiks dengan nilai (p: 0,05). Tidak ada kematian dalam kasus ini. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini, akut apendisitis adalah penyebab tersering dalam penanganan kegawatdaruratan bedah abdomen anak di Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarnegara. Ilustrasi ini memiliki pola dan hasil.
Datos prelimirares de uso de clases experimentales en la enseñanza de las ciencias
Authors: Santos João Soares , Dos Anjos Érika Cristina Teixeira , Avendaño Fernando Carlos 
Published: June 2021

O presente trabajo tem a finalidade de Analizar la Importancia del uso de las Metodologías activas en la Construcción del Conocimiento de Ciencias de la Educación Fundamental bajo la Perspectiva del Desarrollo de Competencias y Habilidades. Por lo tanto la Enseñanza de las Ciencias es muy importante, ya que aborda los principios científicos generales y, también, aplicaciones tecnológicas. Los conceptos y teorías científicas no tienen valores en sí mismos, como sistemas abstractos de pensamiento, sino como instrumentos que nos ayudan a entender el mundo en el que vivimos con el fin de orientar nuestras acciones a nivel individual y social. La práctica vinculada a la teoría hace mucha diferencia para una clase contextualizada, donde los estudiantes pueden ver la importancia de los contenidos abordados en la enseñanza de las Ciencias, además de ofrecer a los mismos una mayor claridad para que puedan realmente interpretar o sea hacer parte del estudio en cuestión. . Es visible hoy en día la necesidad de la experimentación durante las clases como instrumento de enseñanza, porque el estímulo y el interés de los estudiantes pasa a ser mucho mayor, ya que los mismos pueden visualizar el contenido de forma diferente, o sea, pasan a analizar ciertas cuestiones como si hicieran parte de ella.
Por lo tanto, la práctica experimental tiene un papel más amplio de lo que se espera, porque desarrolla en los alumnos un mayor interés, además de despertar habilidades que no aparecía en las clases teóricas, por ejemplo.
Insertion of English Subject in LL.B Syllabus: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Ali Barkat , Sial Abdul Quddoos , Hassan Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

Since the independence of Pakistan, English has been the language of the whole legal system including the judicial decisions of superior and subordinates courts. Indeed, in general, English language has been playing a pivotal role in order to understand the spirit of legal system, statutes, and judicial verdicts. Therefore, the students of the legal education have been taught additional English subjects in the first three semesters as approved by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan and endorsed the same by the Pakistan Bar Council with the aiming to enhance their understanding and improvement of English language. However, it is witnessed that the insertion of additional English language courses in the legal education has been criticizing. This research intends to critically explore the significance of English language courses and its liaison with the LL.B program. This treatise adopted a qualitative research method in order to achieve the proposed objective. It carried out an in-depth critical analysis of the insertion of English language courses. Further, face to face interviews of various law students and teachers have been conducted and transcribed accordingly in order to support this research. This study adopted a purposive sampling method because of legal research along with semi-structured interviews.
Retenciones legales en ejecución de sentencia
Authors: Núñez Paz Sandro 
Published: June 2021

En esta investigación abordaremos la controversia que surge cuando un órgano judicial ordena en ejecución de sentencia el cumplimiento de obligaciones de dar suma de dinero respecto de conceptos laborales, tras lo cual las empresas -en su calidad de agentes retenedores- proceden a retener los montos que corresponden al pago del impuesto a la renta y conceptos previsionales; aun cuando ello no haya sido materia del pronunciamiento judicial o pretensión discutida en juicio.
Así, existe controversia respecto a si, efectivamente, este proceder de las empresas es correcto o se contraviene el principio de la cosa juzgada.
A study of the population attitude towards rational use of antibiotics
Authors: Petravičienė Zita , Bartašiūnienė Vida , Židonienė Eligija 
Published: June 2021

The World Health Organization (WHO) has expressed concern about the threat posed by bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Irresponsible consumption affects the entire ecosystem. Nowadays this has become a problem as their overuse has reached a level where resistance is growing and spreading and new drugs are lacking to meet this challenge [1]. It is not only doctors who have to take responsibility for their unnecessary use, but also each of us – not to engage in self-medication. Alexander Fleming, a British scientist and professor of bacteriology who was the first to discover the antibiotic penicillin, is very important in the history of antibiotics. Until then, doctors did not have effective means to treat infections like gonorrhea, rheumatism, pneumonia. With the discovery of penicillin, the era of antibacterial drugs began. Concerns expressed a few years ago that society may remain unarmed against infections, as before the discovery of antibiotics, are becoming a real threat [2]. The word "rational" is derived from the Latin word rationalis and means reasonable, thoughtful, purposeful, intelligent, clearly understood, based on new scientific methods [3]. The issue of rational use of medicines was first raised at an international conference of the World Health Organization in 1985 in Nairobi. The principles of rational use of medicines say that the patient must receive high-quality, safe and effective medicines when he needs them, taking into account his clinical characteristics, by individual doses, for the appropriate period, at appropriate intervals, only for a certain time, at an affordable price, with the right information [4]. The majority of the participants of the study stated that antibiotics kill bacteria and less than half - that it kills viruses. The study showed that less than half of the population treats themselves without consulting a doctor.
The aim of the study is to reveal the attitude of the population towards the rational use of antibiotics.
Impact of engineering on medicine: a literature review
Authors: Hauser Adrian David 
Published: June 2021

This paper presents an analysis of the evolution of engineering and its current impact on health and medicine. The bibliographic documentation is analyzed and the most relevant aspects that highlight engineering and its contribution to new clinical developments are shown. The results show that medicine has an evolutionary need to adapt to new technological developments and that engineering plays a fundamental role in the advancement of medical, health, and scientific processes in general.
Keywords: Engineering, technology, medical advances, health developments.
References
Effect of the reaction of ammonia gas on the swelling of metallic iron and its oxides during nitriding processes
Authors: Dam G. Oscar , Azocar Luis 
Published: June 2021

In order to study the relationship and effect of nitrogen gas in the reducing gases used in the reducibility tests of iron oxides, under isothermal conditions, a test scheme was executed using ammonia gas, such that its decomposition of the gas in the reactor produced a mixture of H2 and N2 gases. Furthermore, the addition of 6% NH3 in a 28% H2 and 68% N2 gas stream was planned to obtain a gas composition of 70% N2 and 30% H2. This would allow comparing the reducibility curves between both conditions, assuming that the possible difference between both conditions to compare the volume changes of the reduced samples. The difference to be studied will be based on the estimation and comparison of the rate of formation of metallic iron in the stages of reduction of Hematite / Magnetite / Wustite (FeO), as well as the effects of nitrogen absorbed by the fresh metallic iron produced, or present. in iron catalysts to produce ammonia, from the reducing gas mixture, on the volume change of the samples. Likewise, the catastrophic volume changes caused by nitrogen are compared by comparing sources of this gas in solid carbonaceous reducers.
Keywords: Gaseous Reduction, Direct Reduced Iron, isothermal tests.
References
[1]O. Dam G. “The Influence of Nitrogen on the Swelling Mechanism of Iron Oxides During Reduction”. Univ. of London. PhD Thesis 1983.
[2]J. Bogde. “Thermoelectric Power Measurements in Wustite. Univ. of Michigan”. 1976.
[3]O. Dam G. y J. Jeffes. “Model for the Assessment of Chemical Composition of reduced iron ores from single measurements. Ironmaking and Steelmaking”. Vol. 14, N`5. 1987.
[4]M. Yang. “Nitriding-Fundamentals, modelling and process optimization”. Tesis PhD. Worcester Polytech Institute. 2012.
[5]EL Kasabgy. T and W-K. LU. “The Influence of Calcia and Magnesia in Wustite on the Kinetics of Metallization and Iron Whisker Formation”. Metallurgical 1980 American Society for Metals and the Metallurgical Society of AIME Volume 11b, pp. 410-414. 1980.
[6]“Srikar Potnuru Studies nn the Physical Properties and Reduction Swelling Behavior of Fired Haematite Iton ore Pellets”. MSc Thesis. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute Of Technology, Rourkela May 2012.
[7]R. Agarwal, S. Hembram. “To Study the Reduction and Swelling Behavior Iron Ore Pellets”. BSc. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute Of Technology, Rourkela May 2013.
[8]C. Seaton., J. Foster. and J. Velasco. “Structural Changes Occurring during Reduction of Hematite and Magnetite Pellets Containing Coal Char”. Transactions ISIJ, Vol. 23, 1983, pp.
[10]C. Bozco. “Interaction of Nitrogen with Iron Surfaces”. Journal of Catalysis 49. pp16-41. 1977.
[11]L. Darken y R. Gurry. “Physical Chemistry of Metals”. Mc Graw hIll . 1953.
[12]H. Weirdt and Z. Zwell, Trans. AIME. 229. 142. 1969.
[13]J. Schulten. Trans. Soc. Faraday. 53, 1363, 1957.
[14]E. Barret y C. Wood. Bureau of Mines R-I 3229. 1934
INFLUENCE OF CHANGES IN THE THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MATERIAL ON THE HEATING PROCESS OF MINCED MEAT PRODUCTS
Authors: Smagina М. N. , Smagin D. А. , Smolyak А. А. 
Published: June 2021

This paper describes how the thermophysical characteristics change when meat products are heated. Possible methods of processing experimental data obtained by heating minced meat products are shown. It is established that changes in thermal parameters are caused by complex processes of protein denaturation, fat melting, moisture transition from the bound form to the free form, shrinkage of structural elements, and the formation of resilient-elastic-plastic finished product. As a result, knowing and taking into account the influence of thermal characteristics on the heating process of meat products, it is possible to
accurately calculate the duration of heat treatment of minced meat products, which in turn will optimize the cost of energy resources for thermal processes and ensure the production of finished products with high consumer characteristics without underheating or overheating the material of processed products.
METHOD FOR TARGETED CHANGE IN PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NATIVE STARCHES BY THE METHOD OF COMBINATOR
Authors: Zabolotets A. A. , Litvyak V. V. , Ermakov A. I. 
Published: June 2021

A detailed granulometric analysis of native starches of various botanical origin was carried out: sorghum with a granule size of 3,5–21,7 μm and an average size of 11,0 μm, wheat with a granule size of 2,8–30,7 μm and an average size of 12,4 μm, rice with a granule size of 2,7–7,9 μm and an average size of 5,3 μm, triticale with a granule size of 4,0–30,7 μm and an average size of 13,2 μm, rye with a granule size of 4,9–42,8 μm and an average size of 21,2 μm, pea with a granule size of 6,1–32,3 μm and an average size of 20,4 μm, chickpea with a granule size of 6,0–25,6 μm and an average size of 14,8 μm, amaranth with a granule size of 0,5–1,5 μm and an average size of 1,1 μm, barley with a granule size of 3,0–21,4 μm and an average size of 10,9 μm, tapioca with a granule size of 2,8–31,2 μm and an average size of 10,6 μm, oat with a granule size of 3,96–14,91 μm and an average size of 7,39 μm, potato with a granule size of 7,7–60,0 μm and an average size of 21,7 μm, corn with a grain size of 3,6–19,2 μm and an average size of 9,8 μm, corn high amylose with a granule size of 3,3–11,65 μm and an average size of 7,11 μm, corn high amylopectin with a granule size of 4,26–18,26 μm and an average size of 9,94 μm, wheat from the «Shortandinskaya 95» variety With a granule size of 1,74–20,48 μm and an average size of 7,05 μm, wheat from the «Astana» variety with a granule size of 2,52–26,74 μm and an average size of 8,30 μm, wheat from the «Akmola-2» variety with a granule size of 2,43–26,22 μm and an average size of 8,11 μm.
Based on the granulometric analysis of native starch, an innovative, highly effective, economical and environmentally friendly method of purposefully changing the physicochemical properties of native starches of various botanical origin was developed using the combinatorial method.
Primary anorectal malignant melanomas: retrospective analysis of 11 cases in a single center
Authors: Pişkin Erol , Aydın Osman , Şenlikçi Abdullah , Yiğit Özgün Mehmet , Öter Volkan , Birol Bostancı Erdal 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Anorectal malignant melanoma is a rare tumor with poor prognosis. In this study, it was aimed to present our surgical results by reviewing the literature retrospectively in 11 patients who underwent surgery for ARMM in our clinic.
Material and Methods: The patients who underwent surgery for anorectal malignant melanoma in Yuksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital between 2007-2018 were included in the study.
Results: Four patients were males and seven were females. Mean age was 54.18. The tumor was in the rectum in 4 cases, in the anorectal region in 3 cases and in the anal canal in 4 cases. Wide local excision was performed in 3 cases and APR was performed in 8 cases. Four of the cases were stage I, 6 were stage II and 1 was stage III. Mean tumor size was 4.73 cm, and mean tumor depth was 13.6 mm. Mean number of metastatic lymph nodes was 10.37. Median survival was 12 months.
Conclusion: Anorectal malignant melanoma is a type of tumor diagnosed in late and advanced stages due to lack of specific findings. Although ARMM is rare, when rectal bleeding, pain, hemorrhoids and changes in bowel habits are observed, ARMM should be kept in mind.
Proctitis infecciosa transmitida sexualmente: reto diagnóstico y recomendaciones de tratamiento
Authors: Bejarano Rengifo Janeth , Cañadas Garrido Raúl 
Published: June 2021

La proctitis infecciosa (PI) transmitida sexualmente es un proceso inflamatorio del recto secundario a la infección por gérmenes de transmisión sexual. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum y el virus herpes simple (VHS) son las causas más comunes. Es más prevalente en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) y en pacientes con infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), sin embargo, también se diagnostica en heterosexuales por cambios en el comportamiento sexual. La urgencia fecal, el exudado purulento o sanguinolento, la proctalgia y el tenesmo son las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes. La historia clínica detallada y un alto índice de sospecha son importantes para establecer el diagnóstico de esta patología; apoyados en los estudios endoscópicos, histológicos, serológicos y microbiológicos. Se recomienda el tratamiento empírico, con a specha clínica y siempre deben descartarse otras infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITSs).
Effect of Personality Characteristics on Workplace Ostracism: Role of Employee Popularity and Emotional Intelligence- An Evidence from Telecomm Industry of Pakistan
Authors: Zaidi Syed Mohsin Raza , Shah Saif-ul-Mujahid 
Published: June 2021

Humans are known to be social beings and the interpersonal interactions we have in our daily lives lay a great impact on our mental and physical health. The phenomenon known as ostracism, defined as exclusion from social gatherings, is the one being studied in this thesis. As per the previous researches, ostracism ramifies depression, anxiety, anger, frustration, and turnover; ultimately adding to the dissatisfaction level. The environments that require a heap of social linkages to perform certain tasks and maintaining interpersonal relationships is a means to align with the cultural values, it is indispensable to understand the perils of being ostracized. As previous researches have mostly focused on the negatives originating from the said phenomenon, we aim to hone these negative affinities by introducing the variables (charisma, political skill, and extraversion) as a counteractive measure to alleviate the downturns branching out. Also, the moderation effect of emotional intelligence and mediation of employee popularity is expected to enhance the relationship even further. The evidence taken from the 5 big telecommunication companies of Pakistan (Islamabad / Rawalpindi) would provide a great sample to substantiate the practical implications of the proposed model. The Questionnaire adopted to gather data is selected from the most valid and widely used sources to further the credibility of the responses. The findings are expected to ameliorate the current understanding of a heinous phenomenon that degrades an individual’s ability to perform and adds to the productivity of an organization.
Purpose: To find counteractive measures to hone the phenomenon called ostracism and signify the need to minimize ostracism at work along with all the negatives behaviors associated.
Methodology: A 34 item questionnaire was rolled out in the top 5 telecommunication companies of Pakistan and data collected was analyzed using SPSS and SMART PLS
Results / Findings: Charisma has a direct negative correlation with workplace ostracism and employee popularity partially mediates the relationship between workplace ostracism and charisma. Political skills and charisma don’t have a significant negative correlation with workplace ostracism but employee popularity completely mediates the relationship between political skills and WPO, and charisma and WPO. However, emotional intelligence didn’t have a significant moderation relationship with workplace ostracism.
Relationship Between Left Atrial Strain and Malnutrition Scores in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Özkalaycı Flora , Karagoz Ali , Kutlutürk Karagöz Işıl , Efe Süleyman Çağan , Türkyılmaz Erdem , Tanboga İbrahim Halil , Kaymaz Cihangir 
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Malnutrition is a serious public health problem that is associated with adverse outcomes in a broad range of disease including cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Malnutrition is demonstrated to be accompanying to several disease, yet there is a lack of evidence on the impact of malnutrition on cardiac functions in patients with diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy. Herewith our primary goal was to evaluate the relation between any degree malnutrition with left atrial strain in relevant patient group.
Patients and Methods: Patients with diabetes mellitus with retinopathy, who were referred to the outpatient cardiology clinic were assessed. Those who had sinus rhythm, had no findings of significant valvular heart disease and coronary artery disease underwent to 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography and assessed for malnutrition in their prior examinations were included to the study. Hundred and seventy patients met the inclusion criteria. Malnutrition scores such as CONUT score, NRI, and PNI were used to evaluate nutrition condition of the patients.
Results: Thirty percent of all diabetic patients were demonstrated to have malnutrition according to the CONUT score. Left atrial conduit strain was demonstrated to decrease [ß: -7.5 (CI 95%, -10.7, -4.3 p<0.001)], Left atrial reservoir strain was demonstrated to increase [ß: 2.48(CI 95%,0.83- 4.13 p<0.03)] and Left atrial contractile strain was demonstrated to decrease [ß: -4.21(CI 95%, -2.21, -6.01 p<0.001)] in the presence of any degree malnutrition.
Conclusion: In this study we have demonstrated that malnutrition is an important entity in patients with diabetes mellitus and also has a significant impact on Left atrial strain.
tTEM20AAR: a benchmark geophysical data set for unconsolidated fluvioglacial sediments
Authors: Neven Alexis , Maurya Pradip Kumar , Christiansen Anders Vest , Renard Philippe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Quaternary deposits are complex and heterogeneous. They contain some of the most abundant and extensively used aquifers. In order to improve the knowledge of the spatial heterogeneity of such deposits, we acquired a large (1500 ha) and dense (20 m spacing) time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) data set in the upper Aare Valley, Switzerland (available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4269887; Neven et al., 2020). TDEM is a fast and reliable method to measure the magnetic field directly related to the resistivity of the underground. In this paper, we present the inverted resistivity models derived from this acquisition. The depth of investigation ranges between 40 and 120 m, with an average data residual contained in the standard deviation of the data. These data can be used for many different purposes: from sedimentological interpretation of quaternary environments in alpine environments, geological and hydrogeological modeling, to benchmarking geophysical inversion techniques.
Minimization of the Electric Energy in Systems Using Ultra-High Density Magnetic Storage
Authors: Pakam Tchilabalo , Adanlété Adjanoh Assiongbon 
Published: June 2021

We present an optimization of the thickness of the magnetic layers that serve to record the information of the daily need in order to minimize the useful electrical energy. The study provides details on the energy activation and distribution of the energy barriers in the samples of thickness . We find that distribution of the energy barriers , its distribution width , the real activation field are lowest in the sample of thickness , hence this sample allows to use less electrical energy for information recording.