bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Super-Macdonald Polynomials: Orthogonality and Hilbert Space Interpretation
Authors: Atai Farrokh , Hallnäs Martin , Langmann Edwin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe super-Macdonald polynomials, introduced by Sergeev and Veselov (Commun Math Phys 288: 653–675, 2009), generalise the Macdonald polynomials to (arbitrary numbers of) two kinds of variables, and they are eigenfunctions of the deformed Macdonald–Ruijsenaars operators introduced by the same authors in Sergeev and Veselov (Commun Math Phys 245: 249–278, 2004). We introduce a Hermitian form on the algebra spanned by the super-Macdonald polynomials, prove their orthogonality, compute their (quadratic) norms explicitly, and establish a corresponding Hilbert space interpretation of the super-Macdonald polynomials and deformed Macdonald–Ruijsenaars operators. This allows for a quantum mechanical interpretation of the models defined by the deformed Macdonald–Ruijsenaars operators. Motivated by recent results in the nonrelativistic ($$q\rightarrow 1$$q→1) case, we propose that these models describe the particles and anti-particles of an underlying relativistic quantum field theory, thus providing a natural generalisation of the trigonometric Ruijsenaars model.
The Trithorax group protein ASH1 requires a combination of BAH domain and AT hooks, but not the SET domain, for mitotic chromatin binding and survival
Authors: Steffen Philipp A. , Altmutter Christina , Dworschak Eva , Junttila Sini , Gyenesei Attila , Zhu Xinzhou , Kockmann Tobias , Ringrose Leonie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Drosophila Trithorax group (TrxG) protein ASH1 remains associated with mitotic chromatin through mechanisms that are poorly understood. ASH1 dimethylates histone H3 at lysine 36 via its SET domain. Here, we identify domains of the TrxG protein ASH1 that are required for mitotic chromatin attachment in living Drosophila. Quantitative live imaging demonstrates that ASH1 requires AT hooks and the BAH domain but not the SET domain for full chromatin binding in metaphase, and that none of these domains are essential for interphase binding. Genetic experiments show that disruptions of the AT hooks and the BAH domain together, but not deletion of the SET domain alone, are lethal. Transcriptional profiling demonstrates that intact ASH1 AT hooks and the BAH domain are required to maintain expression levels of a specific set of genes, including several involved in cell identity and survival. This study identifies in vivo roles for specific ASH1 domains in mitotic binding, gene regulation, and survival that are distinct from its functions as a histone methyltransferase.
Using data-driven algorithms for semi-automated geomorphological mapping
Authors: Giaccone Elisa , Oriani Fabio , Tonini Marj , Lambiel Christophe , Mariéthoz Grégoire 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we compare the performance of two data-driven algorithms to deal with an automatic classification problem in geomorphology: Direct Sampling (DS) and Random Forest (RF). The main goal is to provide a semi-automated procedure for the geomorphological mapping of alpine environments, using a manually mapped zone as training dataset and predictor variables to infer the classification of a target zone. The applicability of DS to geomorphological classification was never investigated before. Instead, RF based classification has already been applied in few studies, but only with a limited number of geomorphological classes. The outcomes of both approaches are validated by comparing the eight detected classes with a geomorphological map elaborated on the field and considered as ground truth. Both DS and RF give satisfactory results and provide similar performances in term of accuracy and Cohen’s Kappa values. The map obtained with RF presents a noisier spatial distribution of classes than when using DS, because DS takes into account the spatial dependence of the different classes. Results suggest that DS and RF are both suitable techniques for the semi-automated geomorphological mapping in alpine environments at regional scale, opening the way for further improvements.
Deep brain stimulation in patients on chronic antiplatelet or anticoagulation treatment
Authors: Runge Joachim , Cassini Ascencao Luisa , Blahak Christian , Kinfe Thomas M. , Schrader Christoph , Wolf Marc E. , Saryyeva Assel , Krauss Joachim K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
In the aging society, many patients with movement disorders, pain syndromes, or psychiatric disorders who are candidates for deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery suffer also from cardiovascular co-morbidities that require chronic antiplatelet or anticoagulation treatment. Because of a presumed increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage during or after surgery and limited knowledge about perioperative management, chronic antiplatelet or anticoagulation treatment often has been considered a relative contraindication for DBS. Here, we evaluate whether or not there is an increased risk for intracranial hemorrhage or thromboembolic complications in patients on chronic treatment (paused for surgery or bridged with subcutaneous heparin) as compared to those without.

Methods
Out of a series of 465 patients undergoing functional stereotactic neurosurgery, 34 patients were identified who were on chronic treatment before and after receiving DBS. In patients with antiplatelet treatment, medication was stopped in the perioperative period. In patients with vitamin K antagonists or novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), heparin was used for bridging. All patients had postoperative stereotactic CT scans, and were followed up for 1 year after surgery.

Results
In patients on chronic antiplatelet or anticoagulation treatment, intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 2/34 (5.9%) DBS surgeries, whereas the rate of intracranial hemorrhage was 15/431 (3.5%) in those without, which was statistically not significant. Implantable pulse generator pocket hematomas were seen in 2/34 (5.9%) surgeries in patients on chronic treatment and in 4/426 (0.9%) without. There were only 2 instances of thromboembolic complications which both occurred in patients without chronic treatment. There were no hemorrhagic complications during follow-up for 1 year.

Conclusions
DBS surgery in patients on chronic antiplatelet or anticoagulation treatment is feasible. Also, there was no increased risk of hemorrhage in the first year of follow-up after DBS surgery. Appropriate patient selection and standardized perioperative management are necessary to reduce the risk of intracranial hemorrhage and thromboembolic complications.
Self-body recognition and attitudes towards body image in younger and older women
Authors: Bellard Ashleigh , Urgesi Cosimo , Cazzato Valentina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite the fact that ageing causes dramatic changes in bodily appearance, little is known about how self-body recognition changes across life span. Here, we investigated whether older, compared to younger women, differed in the ability of recognising their own than other women’s body parts and whether this effect was associated to negative body image dispositions. Twenty-eight young (Mage: 25.93 years, SDage = 4.74) and 25 middle-aged (Mage: 54.36 years, SDage = 4.54) women completed an implicit task consisting of visual matching of self and others’ body parts and an explicit self–other body discrimination task. Stimuli comprised of images of body parts of the participant and of other age- and BMI-matched models, which were presented in the original size or modified to look rounder or thinner. Measures of adiposity (i.e. BMI), body image concerns and appearance-related worries for specific body parts and for the whole body were also collected. Whilst both groups showed a self-body advantage in the implicit, but not in the explicit task, the advantage was notably bigger for the younger group. However, the implicit self-advantage was higher in those middle-aged women that displayed more body image concerns and worries for specific body parts. Furthermore, the two groups were comparably less able in recognising their body parts when presented thinner as compared to rounder or in their actual size. Overall, these findings open the possibility that, as women age, their implicit self-recognition abilities may decline in association with more negative body image dispositions.
Changing places: spatial ecology and social interactions of female and male Montagu’s Harrier (Circus pygargus) in the Spanish Extremadura
Authors: Berger-Geiger Brigitte , Heine Georg , Kumaraswamy Ajayrama , Galizia C. Giovanni 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe ground nesting raptor Montagu’s Harrier breeds in loose colonies in cereal fields in the Spanish Extremadura. It is unclear how and whether birds in different colonies interact and how harriers spend time before and after nesting, before starting migration. We used GPS–GSM tags deployed on ten females and three males, some over multiple seasons, to follow bird movements with unprecedented detail. Arriving from spring migration, all males and most females returned to their old nest site, and spent between 13 and 25 days in mate choice and local site inspection. During incubation and early nesting female movements were strongly reduced, but increased significantly during late nesting and post-fledging periods. After fledging or after breeding failure, females increased their flying radius. Some of them visited other colonies, for single days or for longer periods, or flew long distances within Spain. These visits might have included help in breeding attempts of other pairs (adoptions). Four out of six females returned to their own breeding site before starting migration. Several females repeatedly used common roosts in this phase. Non-breeding females were active in defending nests in the colony against predators. Females with successful brood initiated migration earlier and spent less time in Spain than non-breeders or those with predated nests. Unlike females, daily distances in males were more uniform. While all males remained in the breeding area for the entire season, their activity centres shifted more within that area than those of females.
Rational verification: game-theoretic verification of multi-agent systems
Authors: Abate Alessandro , Gutierrez Julian , Hammond Lewis , Harrenstein Paul , Kwiatkowska Marta , Najib Muhammad , Perelli Giuseppe , Steeples Thomas , Wooldridge Michael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe provide a survey of the state of the art ofrational verification: the problem of checking whether a given temporal logic formulaϕis satisfied in some or all game-theoretic equilibria of a multi-agent system – that is, whether the system will exhibit the behaviorϕrepresents under the assumption that agents within the system act rationally in pursuit of their preferences. After motivating and introducing the overall framework of rational verification, we discuss key results obtained in the past few years as well as relevant related work in logic, AI, and computer science.
Moisture absorption measurement and modelling of a cellulose acetate
Authors: Khoshtinat S. , Carvelli V. , Marano C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith a view toward the application of highly hygroscopic polymers as a humidity responsive self-actuator, the evaluation of the real time moisture concentration in the material becomes a priority. In this paper, the moisture diffusion process in a cellulose acetate (53.3% of acetylation) has been studied. Membranes of cellulose acetate (thickness within the range 66–200 µm) have been prepared, and the moisture absorption at room temperature and at a different relative humidity (RH within the range 21–53%) has been monitored. An analytical model has been used to describe the observed non-Fickian sigmoidal behavior of moisture diffusion. A relaxation factor (β) of about 0.026 s−1and a moisture diffusion coefficient (D) of 3.35 × 10–6mm2/s have been determined. At constant room temperature, the moisture concentration at saturation (Csat) has shown a linear relation with relative humidity. The identified values β, D and Csatof the analytical model have been used as input for the finite element simulation of the non-Fickian diffusion. The reliability of the finite element simulations has been confirmed with a second set of experiments.
Achieving negative emissions through oceanic sequestration of vegetation carbon as Black Pellets
Authors: Miller Leonard A. , Orton Philip M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNatural processes and human activities produce vast amounts of dead vegetation which return CO2 to the atmosphere through decay and combustion. If such vegetation could be converted into biocoal and sequestered on the ocean floor, it could reduce the accumulation of atmospheric CO2 without involving sequestration in the form of CO2. Given that raw vegetation is unsuitable for large-scale energy applications, a process was developed to convert raw vegetation into a form of biocoal, termed Black Pellets, that solves the logistical and energy conversion problems of using raw vegetation for power generation. Seemingly overlooked is that properties of Black Pellets—higher density than seawater and resistance to microbial decay—may offer an environmentally safe way of sequestering vegetation carbon on the sea floor. Sequestering vegetation carbon by depositing biocoal as Black Pellets in the deep ocean (oceanic sequestration of biocoal—OSB) would be a means of achieving long-lasting negative emissions. Sacrificing the energy content of the deposited pellets would require substituting energy from other sources. If the substitute energy could be from lower-carbon natural gas or carbon-free sources, the effects would be less accumulation of atmospheric CO2 compared to using the pellets for energy and a nearly 60 to 100% reduction in the need for geologic sequestration compared to bioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS). If confirmed by research, OSB would be an addition to the sparse toolbox of negative emission technologies (NETs) which would give humankind more flexibility in meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement.
Magnetic imaging of the outer solar atmosphere (MImOSA)
Authors: Peter H. , Ballester E. Alsina , Andretta V. , Auchère F. , Belluzzi L. , Bemporad A. , Berghmans D. , Buchlin E. , Calcines A. , Chitta L.P. , Dalmasse K. , Alemán T. del Pino , Feller A. , Froment C. , Harrison R. , Janvier M. , Matthews S. , Parenti S. , Przybylski D. , Solanki S.K. , Štěpán J. , Teriaca L. , Bueno J. Trujillo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe magnetic activity of the Sun directly impacts the Earth and human life. Likewise, other stars will have an impact on the habitability of planets orbiting these host stars. Although the magnetic field at the surface of the Sun is reasonably well characterised by observations, the information on the magnetic field in the higher atmospheric layers is mainly indirect. This lack of information hampers our progress in understanding solar magnetic activity. Overcoming this limitation would allow us to address four paramount long-standing questions: (1) How does the magnetic field couple the different layers of the atmosphere, and how does it transport energy? (2) How does the magnetic field structure, drive and interact with the plasma in the chromosphere and upper atmosphere? (3) How does the magnetic field destabilise the outer solar atmosphere and thus affect the interplanetary environment? (4) How do magnetic processes accelerate particles to high energies? New ground-breaking observations are needed to address these science questions. We suggest a suite of three instruments that far exceed current capabilities in terms of spatial resolution, light-gathering power, and polarimetric performance: (a) A large-aperture UV-to-IR telescope of the 1-3 m class aimed mainly to measure the magnetic field in the chromosphere by combining high spatial resolution and high sensitivity. (b) An extreme-UV-to-IR coronagraph that is designed to measure the large-scale magnetic field in the corona with an aperture of about 40 cm. (c) An extreme-UV imaging polarimeter based on a 30 cm telescope that combines high throughput in the extreme UV with polarimetry to connect the magnetic measurements of the other two instruments. Placed in a near-Earth orbit, the data downlink would be maximised, while a location at L4 or L5 would provide stereoscopic observations of the Sun in combination with Earth-based observatories. This mission to measure the magnetic field will finally unlock the driver of the dynamics in the outer solar atmosphere and thereby will greatly advance our understanding of the Sun and the heliosphere.
Laboratory Forensics for Open Science Readiness: an Investigative Approach to Research Data Management
Authors: Lefebvre Armel , Spruit Marco 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecently, the topic of research data management has appeared at the forefront of Open Science as a prerequisite for preserving and disseminating research data efficiently. At the same time, scientific laboratories still rely upon digital files that are processed by experimenters to analyze and communicate laboratory results. In this study, we first apply a forensic process to investigate the information quality of digital evidence underlying published results. Furthermore, we use semiotics to describe the quality of information recovered from storage systems with laboratory forensics techniques. Next, we formulate laboratory analytics capabilities based on the results of the forensics analysis. Laboratory forensics and analytics form the basis of research data management. Finally, we propose a conceptual overview of open science readiness, which combines laboratory forensics techniques and laboratory analytics capabilities to help overcome research data management challenges in the near future.
Resources, Problems and Challenges of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis and Support System in Poland
Authors: Lenart Anna , Pasternak Jacek 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe article refers to resources, problems and challenges of autism diagnosis and support system in Poland. The resources include: the increasing number of specialists, diagnostic and therapeutic centres, well-established course of education for people working with youths, standardised and normalised diagnostic tools. The diagnostic process is not without some areas in need of our focus: the tendency of some specialists to make unauthorised diagnosis, overshadowing; underestimation of comorbidity of ASD with other disorders. The challenges refer to introducing an effective system of monitoring the services provided in form of certification and control in order to prevent their abuse, initiating category of temporary diagnosis; paying more attention on individual’s resources, better cooperation among specialists, teachers and families, developing and unifying diagnostic standards.
Camouflaging Intent, First Impressions, and Age of ASC Diagnosis in Autistic Men and Women
Authors: Belcher Hannah L. , Morein-Zamir Sharon , Mandy Will , Ford Ruth M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCamouflaging of autistic traits may make autism harder to diagnose. The current study evaluated the relations between camouflaging intent, first impressions, and age of autism diagnosis. Participants comprised autistic and non-autistic adults (n = 80, 50% female) who completed the Camouflaging of Autistic Traits Questionnaire. They were later video-recorded having a conversation with a person unaware of their diagnostic status. Ten-second clips from half these videos were later shown to 127 non-autistic peers, who rated their first impressions of each participant. Results showed that autistic participants were rated more poorly on first impressions, males were rated less favourably than females, and male raters were particularly harsh in their evaluations of autistic males. Camouflaging intent did not predict first impressions but better first impressions were linked with a later age of diagnosis.
A robust approach to parameterize dislocation glide energy barriers in FCC metals and alloys
Authors: Ashraf Farhan , Castelluccio Gustavo M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe mechanical response of metallic materials is controlled by multiple deformation mechanisms that coexist across scales. Dislocation glide is one such process that occurs after bypassing obstacles. In macroscopic well-annealed single-phase metals, weak obstacles such as point defects, solid solution strengthening atoms, short-range dislocation interactions, and grain boundaries control dislocation glide by pinning the scarce dislocation density. This work investigates the dislocation glide energy barrier in face-centered cubic (FCC) metallic materials by considering a crystal plasticity model that computes the yield strength as a function of temperature. The dislocation glide energy barrier is parameterized by three different formulations that depend on two parameters. A Monte Carlo analysis randomly determines all other coefficients within uncertainty bounds identified from the literature, followed by fitting the two energy barrier parameters to experimental data. We consider ten FCC materials to demonstrate that the methodology characterizes robustly the dislocation glide energy barrier used by crystal plasticity models. Furthermore, we discovered a correlation between the glide barrier and the stacking fault energy that can be used as a basis to infer the glide activation energy.Graphical abstract
Measles, Media and Memory: Journalism’s Role in Framing Collective Memory of Disease
Authors: Conis Elena , Hoenicke Sarah 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLanguage used to describe measles in the press has altered significantly over the last sixty years, a shift that reflects changing perceptions of the disease within the medical community as well as broader changes in public health discourse. California, one of the most populous U.S. states and seat of the 2015 measles outbreak originating at Disneyland, presents an opportunity for observing these changes. This article offers a longitudinal case study of five decades of measles news coverage by the Los Angeles Times and the San Francisco Chronicle, which represented two of the largest news markets in California when the measles vaccine was released, in 1963, and during the 2015 outbreak. Measles reporting during this period displays patterns pointing to an active role for journalists in shaping public understanding of health and medical matters, especially as they recede from public memory, through the employment of available and circulating political and cultural frames. Moreover, journalistic frames in this period of reporting incorporated presentist descriptions of the disease, which imposed present values on the medical past, and which were constructed of decontextualized historical references that supported prevailing contemporary notions of the disease. Framing and the tendency toward presentism, in the context of shifting public health discourse, had the effect of communicating an increasingly severe sounding disease over time, and of shifting blame for that disease’s spread from nature to government to individuals. Journalistic framing and causal stories have much power to shape public understanding of medical matters as they recede from public memory.