bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘NowMy Eyes are Open’: Latina women’s experiences in long‐term support groups for intimate partner violence survivors
Authors: Page Robin L. , Montalvo‐Liendo Nora , Nava Angeles , Chilton Jenifer 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOne in four women has experienced intimate partner violence in their lifetimes. The effects of intimate partner violence on women’s mental health may be long‐term; possible conditions include post‐traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. Latina women may be particularly vulnerable to long‐term effects of intimate partner violence. The purpose of this study was to describe Latina women’s experiences in long‐term support groups for survivors of intimate partner violence. Forty‐nine Latina women were interviewed about their experiences in a nurse‐led long‐term support group, with participation from 2 months to 9 years. The women ranged in age from 26 to 73 years and all but two interviews were in Spanish. Five themes emerged from the qualitative data: awakening, transformation, community, empowerment, and advocate. Women described their thoughts of still feeling the ‘ugliness of the abuse’, even years after it occurred with some women enduring abuse for as long as 32 years. The need for long‐term support groups was evident as women described the value of the group for providing support and gaining an understanding that they are not alone, or their awakening to the idea that they can have a life without abuse. Long‐term support groups give voice to Latina women who are survivors of intimate partner violence. By raising their awareness and sense of community, women survivors can be transformed and empowered to improve their lives and advocate for others who face similar struggles.
Management of the curb space allocation in urban transportation system
Authors: Yu Meigui , Bayram Armagan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCurb space management and traffic flow are two important elements of the transportation system that interact with each other and affect the overall system performance. With the growth of new mobility operators and goods delivery, the demand for access to curb space is increasing rapidly. Thus, the traditional use of curb space solely for parking is challenged and it becomes important to manage curb space effectively. Our study investigates the allocation of curb space for various uses (i.e., parking, pickup/drop‐off, and loading/unloading) so that overall transportation system performance can be enhanced. We simulate the transportation system and analyze the interactions between traffic flow and curb space usage by investigating the impact on traffic congestion of the allocation of curb spaces for different uses. We build an optimization model to determine dynamic curb space allocation decisions that ensure a smooth traffic flow. Our objective is to maximize the cities' profit from curb space allocation decisions and minimization of traffic delay. We further evaluate the value of dynamic curb space allocation policies over fixed‐allocation policies and find that the dynamic policies can result in improvements in traffic delay and total distance driven.
Effect of water content on microstructure and properties of magnesium potassium phosphate cement pastes with different magnesia‐to‐phosphate ratios
Authors: Qin Jihui , Qian Jueshi , Dai Xiaobing , You Chao , Ma Hongyan , Li Zhen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMagnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC) is a class of chemically bonded ceramic for special engineering applications. The selection of mass ratios of MgO‐to‐KH2PO4 (M/P) and water‐to‐cement (W/C) is an important aspect for formulating MKPC paste. This paper analyzed the stoichiometry of the primary reaction of MKPC and investigated the effect of W/C (0.14–0.40) on paste microstructure and properties at different M/P (1.5–4). At high M/P, low W/C was sufficient to complete the hydration of KH2PO4 and higher W/C yielded looser microstructure, dictating that properties of high M/P pastes were monotonic functions of W/C. However, a clear W/C threshold effect was found in medium M/P pastes at both micro‐ and macro‐levels. Low W/C below stoichiometric value suppressed the formation of K‐struvite and favored the presence of an amorphous phase, leading to intense early shrinkage, low early compressive strength, and poor long‐term water resistance. The increase in W/C above stoichiometric value resulted in the segregation of excess water and thus to porous structure, with detrimental effects on dimensional stability and strength. The micro–macro analysis highlighted the importance of stoichiometric water amount in the optimal design of MKPC.
RNA methyltransferase METTL3 induces intrinsic resistance to gefitinib by combining with MET to regulate PI3K/AKT pathway in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gao Fangyan , Wang Qianqian , Zhang Chang , Zhang Chen , Qu Tianyu , Zhang Jingya , Wei Jifu , Guo Renhua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractClinical research data show that gefitinib greatly improves the progression‐free survival of patients, so it is used in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation. However, some patients with EGFR sensitive mutations do not have good effects on initial gefitinib treatment, and this mechanism is rarely studied. METTL3, a part of N6‐adenosine‐methyltransferase, has been reported to play an important role in a variety of tumours. In this study, we found that METTL3 is up‐regulated in gefitinib‐resistant tissues compared to gefitinib‐sensitive tissues. Cell function experiments have proved that under the treatment of gefitinib, METTL3 knockdown promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of lung cancer cells. Mechanistic studies have shown that METTL3 combines with MET and causes the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway to be manipulated, which affects the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to gefitinib. Therefore, our research shows that METTL3 can be used as a molecular marker to predict the efficacy of EGFR‐TKI therapy in patients, and METTL3 may be a potential therapeutic target.
The importance of public risk perception for the effective management of pluvial floods in urban areas: A case study from Germany
Authors: Netzel Leon Maximilian , Heldt Sonja , Engler Steven , Denecke Martin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHeavy precipitation events are expected to increase in frequency and intensity in many parts of Europe as a result of climate change. These events can affect regions located far from rivers that have never been affected before. As warning times are short, there are hardly any effective emergency measures to mitigate the severe damage caused by pluvial floods. Therefore, long‐term mitigation measures are necessary for sustainable urban flood management. However, people first need to realise their personal risk in order to become active and take private precautionary measures. To get a better understanding of the processes underlying public risk perception of pluvial floods, a questionnaire‐based telephone survey was conducted analysing two case studies in western Germany. Key findings reveal that risk perceptions need to be distinguished between personal and global perception. Personal risk perception was low among the participants, while their global risk perception was far higher. The determinants of global and personal risk perception on pluvial flooding were identified. The study also showed that mitigation behaviour is influenced by personal risk perception, knowledge, education, and housing conditions. These determinants should receive attention when future risk communication and flood management strategies are developed.
Functional assembly of root‐associated microbial consortia improves nutrient efficiency and yield in soybean
Authors: Wang Cunhu , Li Yanjun , Li Mingjia , Zhang Kefei , Ma Wenjing , Zheng Lei , Xu Hanyu , Cui Baofeng , Liu Ran , Yang Yongqing , Zhong Yongjia , Liao Hong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRoot‐associated microbes are critical for plant growth and nutrient acquisition. However, scant information exists on optimizing communities of beneficial root‐associated microbes or the mechanisms underlying their interactions with host plants. In this report, we demonstrate that root‐associated microbes are critical influencers of host plant growth and nutrient acquisition. Three synthetic communities (SynComs) were constructed based on functional screening of 1,893 microbial strains isolated from root‐associated compartments of soybean plants. Functional assemblage of SynComs promoted significant plant growth and nutrient acquisition under both N/P nutrient deficiency and sufficiency conditions. Field trials further revealed that application of SynComs stably and significantly promoted plant growth, facilitated N and P acquisition, and subsequently increased soybean yield. Among the tested communities, SynCom1 exhibited the greatest promotion effect, with yield increases of up to 36.1% observed in two field sites. Further RNA‐seq implied that SynCom application systemically regulates N and P signaling networks at the transcriptional level, which leads to increased representation of important growth pathways, especially those related to auxin responses. Overall, this study details a promising strategy for constructing SynComs based on functional screening, which are capable of enhancing nutrient acquisition and crop yield through the activities of beneficial root‐associated microbes.
Satisfying and stable couple relationships: Attachment similarity across partners can partially buffer the negative effects of attachment insecurity
Authors: Conradi Henk Jan , Noordhof Arjen , Kamphuis Jan H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInsecure attachment in couples is negatively associated with relationship functioning. Similarity of partner attachment on the other hand might attenuate such relationship outcomes. We tested the opposing insecurity and similarity hypotheses by examining associations of attachment with relationship satisfaction and instability in a representative community sample of couples (N = 1,014). We expected: (a) negative effects of insecure attachment (main effects of actor and partner avoidance and anxiety, and interaction effects consistent with fearful‐avoidance and demand‐withdraw patterns); and (b) positive effects of similarity in avoidance and anxiety. Actor‐Partner‐Interdependence Models showed clear support for the insecurity hypothesis. Main effects of avoidance and anxiety, explained 46.2% of the variance of satisfaction, and 17.9% of instability. We conclude that reducing insecurity of attachment, in particular avoidance, must be a central target in couple therapy. Interestingly, similarity of attachment can partially buffer the negative effects of attachment insecurity. Clinical implications are discussed.
Almond consumption increased UVB resistance in healthy Asian women
Authors: Li Jason N. , Henning Susanne M. , Thames Gail , Bari Omar , Tran Patrick T. , Tseng Chi‐Hong , Heber David , Kim Jenny , Li Zhaoping 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlmonds are a rich source of phenolic and polyphenolic compounds, which have antioxidant activity. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that topical application of almond oil and almond skin extract reduces UVB‐induced photoaging. Ultraviolet‐B (UVB) protection by oral almond consumption has not been previously studied in humans.ObjectivesTo investigate whether oral almond consumption can increase resistance to UVB radiation and reduce skin aging in healthy Asian women.MethodsThirty‐nine female participants (18‐45 years) with Fitzpatrick skin type II‐IV were randomly assigned to consume either 1.5 oz of almonds or 1.8 oz of pretzels daily for 12 weeks. Minimal erythema dose (MED) was determined using a standardized protocol, which determined the minimal radiation needed to induce erythema on the inner arm following UVB exposure. Facial skin texture was evaluated by two dermatologists using the Clinician's Erythema Assessment scale and Allergan Roughness scale. Facial melanin index, hydration, sebum, and erythema were determined using a cutometer.ResultsThe MED was increased in the subjects consuming almonds compared to the control group consuming pretzels. There were no differences noted between the groups consuming almonds versus pretzels in Allergan roughness, melanin, hydration, or sebum on facial skin.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that daily oral almond consumption may lead to enhanced protection from UV photodamage by increasing the MED.
Impact of virtual reality interventions on haemodialysis patients: A scoping review
Authors: Omonaiye Olumuyiwa , Smyth Wendy , Nagle Cate 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundAn understanding of the potential of virtual reality to affect the level of engagement in self‐care and health‐related quality of life is required for patients receiving haemodialysis.ObjectiveThis scoping review aimed to collate, summarise, and report on related study findings to identify evidence gaps and draw conclusions from the existing literature.MethodsThe methodological steps outlined in the Arksey and O'Malley framework combined with modifications of Levac and colleagues guided this systematic scoping review. MEDLINEComplete, Embase, CINAHLComplete and PsychINFO databases were searched. Additionally, hand searches of key articles and journals were performed.ResultsFrom the database searches, 610 studies were identified with 11 meeting the inclusion criteria; another study was added after searching reference lists of included articles, resulting in 12 included articles. The quality, study design and type of virtual reality intervention varied. Only three studies used immersive virtual reality. Several studies demonstrated significant improvement in the physical activity level and a reduction in fatigue in patients during haemodialysis, with no adverse events. Despite the demands of haemodialysis sessions, this study showed that virtual reality interventions may improve the level of haemodialysis patients' adherence and engagement with treatment.ConclusionsFindings favour the use of virtual reality to improve physical health and engagement with treatment. However, there is a need for more rigorous study designs within different clinical settings to provide high‐quality evidence regarding other ways that virtual reality interventions could improve the quality of life of haemodialysis patients.
Parental perceived child sleep problems: A concept analysis
Authors: Dai Ying , Liu Jianghong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeThis paper aims to delineate a conceptual analysis of parental perceived child sleep problems.Design and MethodsRodger's evolutionary approach to concept analysis was employed. A systematic literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, and PsycINFO was conducted from inception to June 2020. Peer‐reviewed papers written in English focusing on parental perception of their children's sleep problems were included.ResultsA total of 47 papers were included for analysis. Parental perceived child sleep problems can be defined as parental reliance on their observations and beliefs, and perceived locus of control to appraise an array of children's sleep‐related signs and behaviors, which may contain bias but still reflects certain aspects of children's sleep health status. A wide range of physiological, psychosocial, familial, environmental, and cultural factors may contribute to parental perceived child sleep problems, which may further contribute to parent–child dyads' physical and mental health as well as the whole family's general wellness.Practice ImplicationsDefining the concept of parental perceived child sleep problems facilitate health professionals a foundation for consistent use, understanding, and evaluation of parent‐reported child sleep outcome. Future research on the standard conceptual and operational definition of parental perceived child sleep problem, and its potential antecedents and consequences is warranted. The characteristic of parental perceived sleep problems, together with child sleep history and objective sleep measures should be integrated to evaluate child sleep health.
A generalized approach for sperm cryopreservation in the genus Pomoxis: Sperm cryopreservation and fertilization efficiency of black‐stripe black crappie, Pomoxis nigromaculatus
Authors: Shirley Christian A. , Colvin Michael E. , Tiersch Terrence R. , Allen Peter J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractApproaches for white crappie, Pomoxis annularis sperm cryopreservation have led to interest in applying similar methods to black‐stripe black crappie, Pomoxis nigromaculatus. Their rarity in wild populations makes them a preferred phenotype for hatchery use. Sperm cryopreservation procedures were compared between black‐stripe black crappie and white crappie for sperm motility and egg fertilization rate. There was no difference in black‐stripe black crappie sperm motility after thawing between 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 45% motility) and 10% methanol (50% motility). However, fertilization rates were higher (p < .001) for sperm cryoprotected with 5% DMSO (38 ± 8%) than 10% methanol (22 ± 7%). Hatchery use requires sperm‐to‐egg ratios and fertilizing potential of single doses (i.e., 0.5 ml straw). Using black‐stripe black crappie sperm (2.5 × 108 sperm/ml; 5% DMSO), the highest fertilization (27%) was found using single straws with 785 eggs (0.25 ml); total sperm:egg ratio: 159,000:1; motile sperm:egg ratio: 71,700:1. Therefore, sperm of two Pomoxis species could be cryopreserved using 350 mOsmol/kg Hanks' balanced salt solution as an extender, 5% DMSO as a cryoprotectant, cooling at 40°C/min, and thawing for 8 s at 40°C to maintain sperm motility and fertility. Basic protocols can be generalized within a genus if variables such as sperm concentration, process timing, and sample volumes are controlled.
Design piracy in the United States: Time to fashion a remedy?
Authors: Wickens Alice 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article considers whether the Copyright Act of 1976 should be extended to include fashion design, and if so, on what basis. Part I contains an analysis of what “fashion” means and why innovation in this field should be promoted. It considers the current protection given to fashion designs in Europe and the United States, as well as the proposed amendment to the latter's copyright law. Part II evaluates the most prominent arguments against the extension of copyright to fashion designs. Here it will be noted that all too frequently, critics of protection base their arguments on an erroneous portrait of the fashion industry, whereby neither technology nor young designers are taken into account. It will be shown that these assumptions about the fashion industry fail to describe the market reality; whereby technological advances mean copies can beat originals to the shops, that these copies may be indistinguishable from the original, and that it is the emerging designers who suffer the most. Part III proposes it is time to create a solution fit for fashion design. It explains why unique and innovative fashion designs are deserving of intellectual property legislation, and proposes what kind of protection is the most appropriate. It concludes that the time‐limited copyright regime provided in the Innovative Design Protection Act best balances the competing interests of designers and consumers. The Conclusion underscores the importance of passing this legislation, which would fashion a remedy able protect innovation, and truly achieve the aim of the U.S. Constitution, at last.
Why Baja? A bioenergetic model for comparing metabolic rates and thermoregulatory costs of gray whale calves (Eschrichtius robustus)
Authors: Sumich James L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA bioenergetic model is developed from empirically derived equations of morphometric, ventilatory and thermoregulatory variables to compare estimated field metabolic rates (FMR) of gray whale calves to estimates of unregulated body heat losses and consequent required thermogenesis at birth, natal lagoon departure, and weaning. Estimates of FMR are based on rates of oxygen consumption. Body surface and ventilatory heat fluxes are evaluated separately, then combined to estimate minimum total heat losses from birth to weaning at three ambient water temperature regimes typical of winter natal lagoons and Oregon coastal waters and arctic conditions during summer.Modeled heat losses of neonates in winter lagoons are half their estimated mean FMR. Neonates in good body condition appear to be capable of tolerating heat losses experienced in 10°C water without additional thermogenic activities above their estimated resting metabolic rates. This study provides new evidence that no thermoregulatory advantage accrues to neonates or to their mothers by being born in warm winter natal lagoons or by remaining there several weeks longer than other gray whales. Consequently, avoidance or reduced risk of killer whale predation seems a more likely candidate than reduced heat loss as the principal fitness benefit of low‐latitude winter migrations.
Polyploid phylogenetics
Authors: Rothfels Carl J. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryPolyploidy is a dominant feature of extant plant diversity. However, major research questions, including whether polyploidy is important to long‐term evolution or is just ‘evolutionary noise’, remain unresolved due to difficulties associated with the generation and analysis of data from polyploid lineages. Many of these difficulties have been recently overcome, such that it is now often relatively straightforward to infer the full and often reticulate phylogenetic history of groups with recently formed polyploids. This nascent field of ‘polyploid phylogenetics’ allows researchers to tackle long‐standing questions of polyploid macroevolution, supplies the foundation for mechanistic models of ploidy change, and provides the opportunity to include a more complete and representative sample of plant taxa in our analyses in general.
CHYR1 ubiquitinates the phosphorylated WRKY70 for degradation to balance immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Liu Huanhuan , Liu Bao , Lou Shangling , Bi Hao , Tang Hu , Tong Shaofei , Song Yan , Chen Ningning , Zhang Han , Jiang Yuanzhong , Liu Jianquan 
Published: January 2021

Summary

It is critically important for plants to control the trade‐off between normal growth and pathogen immunity. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Here we report such a mechanism controlled by WRKY70 and its partner CHYR1 in Arabidopsis.

We found that both levels of the WRKY70 target gene SARD1 and the phosphorylated forms of WRKY70 were increased in WRKY70OE plants upon Pst DC3000 infection. Mechanistically, phosphorylation of WRKY70 at Thr22 and Ser34 occurs, which then activates SARD1 expression through binding to a WT box.

Phosphorylated WRKY70 is degraded by 26S proteasome via CHYR1 when resuming normal growth after infection. In addition, nonphosphorylated WRKY70 represses SARD1 expression by binding to both W (inhibitory activity site) and WT (active activity site) boxes.

The binding of WRKY70 to alternative cis‐elements of SARD1 through a phosphorylation‐mediated switch controlled by CHYR1 contributes to modulating the balance between immunity and growth.