bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Inflammaging’ in Major Depressive Disorder: Associations between markers of inflammation and brain ageing in depression across two large community-based cohorts
Authors: Green Claire , Squillace Marco , Stevenson Anna J. , Stolicyn Aleks , Harris Mathew A. , Backhouse Ellen V. , Hawkins Emma L. , Taylor Adele M. , Morris Zoe , Wardlaw Joanna M. , Steele J Douglas , Waiter Gordon D. , Sandu Anca-Larisa , Porteous David J. , Cole James H. , Lawrie Stephen M. , Cavanagh Jonathan , Cox Simon R. , McIntosh Andrew M. , Whalley Heather C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundMajor Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with accelerated ageing trajectories including functional markers of ageing, cellular ageing and markers of poor brain health. The biological mechanisms underlying these associations remain poorly understood. Chronic inflammation is also associated with advanced ageing; however, the degree to which long-term inflammation plays a role in ageing in MDD remains unclear, partly due to difficulties differentiating long-term inflammation from acute cross-sectional measures.MethodsHere, we use a longer-term measure of inflammation: a DNA methylation-based marker of C-reactive protein (DNAm CRP), in a large cohort of individuals deeply phenotyped for MDD (Generation Scotland, GS;N=804). We investigate associations between DNAm CRP and serum CRP using linear modelling with two brain ageing neuroimaging-derived phenotypes: (i) a machine learning based measure of brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) and (ii) white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We then examine inflammation by depression interaction effects for these brain ageing phenotypes. We sought to replicate findings in an independent sample of older community-dwelling adults (Lothian Birth Cohort 1936, LBC1936;N=615).ResultsDNAm CRP was significantly associated with increased brain-PAD (β=0.111, p=0.015), which was replicated in the independent sample with a similar significant effect size (β=0.114, p=0.012). There were no associations between the inflammation markers and WMH phenotypes in the GS-imaging sample, however in the LBC1936 sample, DNAm CRP was significantly associated with both Wahlund infratentorial (β=0.15, PFDR= 0.006) and Fazekas deep white matter hyperintensity scores (β= 0.116, PFDR=0.033). There were no interaction effects between inflammation and MDD in either cohort.ConclusionsThis study found robust associations between a longer-term marker of inflammation and brain ageing as measured by brain-PAD, consistent across two large independent samples. However, we found no evidence for interaction effects between inflammation and MDD on any brain ageing phenotype in these community-based cohorts. These findings provide evidence that chronic inflammation is associated with increased brain ageing, which is not specific to MDD. Future work should investigate these relationships in clinical samples including with other inflammatory biomarkers and should furthermore aim to determine causal directionality.
Microbial growth and attachment of Salmonella and enterohemorrhagic and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains on cress microgreens grown in peat soil system
Authors: Namli Sahin , Samut Hilal , Soyer Yesim 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate how enteric pathogens and their biofilm populations on fresh produce survive according to time that contamination has occurred on leaves and contamination route: seed irrigation water.Design/methodology/approachCress was contaminated in two different ways: contamination of seeds and irrigation water with 8-log MPN/mL bacterial load, Salmonella Newport, Escherichia coli O157:H7, O104:H4 or O78:H2. While contaminated seeds were cultivated for seed contamination, contaminated irrigation was applied at the end of each week to separate groups of samples obtained from cultivated surface-sterile seeds to understand how long these pathogens could survive until harvest.FindingsThe results indicated these pathogens survived until harvest, and formed biofilms on cress leaves grown using both contaminated seeds and irrigation water. No significant difference was observed among populations of Salmonella and E. coli groups in terms of survival (∼4.5–6.0 log MPN/g) and biofilm formation (∼4.4–5.7 log MPN/g) for contamination by seed. Also, SEM images revealed biofilm-like structures, the proofs of the attachment of these pathogens on leaf surfaces.Originality/valueFrom our knowledge this is the first study focusing on the survival and biofilm formation of one Salmonella serotype (Newport) and three E. coli serotypes (O157:H7, O104:H4, and O78:H2), representing enterohemorrhagic and enteroaggregative E. coli pathogenic subgroups, under the same irrigation and growth schemes. Furthermore, this study mimics the contamination of seeds and irrigation water with sewage or wastewater and may shed light on contamination of fresh produce grown using poor wastewater treatment.
Potential disruptive innovation: online learning of public speaking courses in higher education
Authors: Yee Bee Choo , Mohd Nawi Abdullah , Abdullah Tina 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
The sudden pandemic of COVID-19 has caused disruptive innovation in all areas of business including education. Despite the educators’ and students’ acceptance and readiness in the new normal, the traditional face-to-face (FTF) public speaking has been shifted to online courses to suit the current needs. This study aims to examine whether there were differences between online and FTF pubic speaking in the students’ anxiety level, speech performance, as well as their perceptions of the challenges in the implementation of online public speaking courses as a potential to disruptive innovation.

Design/methodology/approach
This pilot study was a mixed method research that involved a purposive sampling of two groups of 39 students in higher education. The instruments used were questionnaires of self-report anxiety, speech performance test and observation.

Findings
The findings show that the students preferred the traditional FTF rather than the online mode for public speaking courses. The challenges of internet connection and the lack of a live audience were their main concerns in online public speaking. It also provides a potential for disruptive innovation that could take into consideration of a live audience in university online courses.

Originality/value
This study provides the potential of public speaking course as a disruptive innovation. This brings implications for the innovators, marketers and educators to think of the online courses/programmes that can be best implemented while embracing the changes and the new normal of COVID-19 brings for student learning.
Efficiency and its determinants in the Algerian banks: network data envelopment analysis and partial least squares regression
Authors: Achi Adel 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of Algerian banks and examine the effects of explanatory factors on their performance.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a methodology of two-stage network data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to explore the efficiency of a sample of 13 Algerian banks during the 2013–2017 period. In the first stage, the network DEA is used to assess the overall and stages efficiencies. In the second stage, the partial least squares (PLS) regression is conducted to determine the potential effects of explanatory factors on stages efficiency.FindingsThe main empirical results indicate that Algerian banks need an efficiency improvement in both stages. The overall efficiency of the Algerian banking system improves over the study period. The deposit producing efficiency is positively affected by bank size and bank age. The revenue earning efficiency is negatively associated with bank size and bank age. The domestic banks are more efficient than foreign banks in the deposit producing stage and the foreign banks are more efficient than domestic banks in the revenue earning stage.Practical implicationsThe results might be used as guidelines for both managers and policymakers in order to improve banks and banking system performance.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this study is the first that uses the DEA in investigating the efficiency of Algerian banks by dividing the overall efficiency into deposit producing and revenue earning efficiencies. Unlike most studies that have usually used OLS regression, Tobit regression and bootstrapped truncated regression, this study is the first in the bank efficiency literature that uses PLS regression to investigate the potential effect of explanatory variables on deposit producing and revenue earning efficiencies.
Social and environmental concerns within ethical fashion: general consumer cognitions, attitudes and behaviours
Authors: Pérez Andrea , Collado Jesús , Liu Matthew T. 
Published: December 2021

PurposeAlthough interest in sustainability within the fashion apparel industry has increased over the last decade, ethical fashion remains a minority trend due to low consumer awareness and consumption behaviour. The aim of the paper is to explore empirically the relationships between general consumer support for ethical fashion, buying intention and willingness to pay, focussing on the effect that consumer concern and knowledge and beliefs have on these variables.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 450 general consumers in Spain, who are not specifically dedicated buyers of fashion apparel goods. Responses were collected with a structured questionnaire that included multi-item scales to measure all the variables of the causal model. After corroborating the reliability and validity of the measurement scales with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), 11 research hypotheses were explored using a structural equation modelling (SEM) approach.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that whilst beliefs are not predictors of consumer support for either social or environmental issues, concern and knowledge are antecedents of consumer social and environmental support, which determine general support for ethical fashion, intention to buy and willingness to pay. Consumer social support has a slightly higher impact on consumer support for ethical fashion, intention to buy and willingness to pay than environmental support.Originality/valueThe purpose of the paper is to contribute to the literature by empirically comparing general consumer perceptions, attitudes and behaviours towards the social and environmental dimensions of ethical fashion. In doing so, the authors aim at shedding light on the complex concept of ethical fashion and how general consumers understand it. The findings suggest that promoting educational marketing especially focussed on environmental issues is necessary to raise consumer awareness, knowledge and ethical consumption.
Trocar site hernia after laparoscopic bariatric surgery: Incidence with non‐fascial closure
Authors: Barakat Hosam B. , Elmahdy Tamer M. , El‐sherpiny Waleed Y. , Moussa Gamal I. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the incidence of trocar site hernia (TSH) after minimally invasive bariatric surgery in the setting of non‐fascial closure and to assess the possible predisposing factors.MethodologyTwo hundred four patients who underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery between May 2015 and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed and were asked for a follow‐up visit. All patients were examined clinically and underwent an abdominal ultrasound (US) for detection of any TSH.ResultsTrocar site hernia was detected in three patients (1.4%), all of them occurred after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). The three TSH developed at the 12‐mm port site. The mean time of TSH occurrence was 13 months postoperatively. Two cases were asymptomatic and discovered on US evaluation while the third was symptomatic. The mean time of follow‐up was 40 months, range (13–67 month). In our study, age, sex, preoperative BMI and comorbidities had no significant statistical relation with TSH; however, postoperative wound infections and smoking were statistically significant predisposing risk factors for TSH.ConclusionsTrocar wound sites skin closures without fascial closure were associated with a low rate of TSH (1.4%) and all cases were related to 12 mm trocar size.
A high‐throughput amplicon sequencing approach for population‐wide species diversity and composition survey
Authors: Tay Wee Tek , Court Leon N. , Macfadyen Sarina , Jacomb Frances , Vyskočilová Sonia , Colvin John , De Barro Paul J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractManagement of agricultural pests requires an understanding of pest species diversity, their interactions with beneficial insects and spatial‐temporal patterns of pest abundance. Invasive and agriculturally important insect pests can build up very high populations, especially in cropping landscapes. Traditionally, sampling effort for species identification involves small sample sizes and is labour intensive. Here, we describe a multiprimer high throughput sequencing (HTS) metabarcoding method and associated analytical workflow for a rapid, intensive, high‐volume survey of pest species compositions. We demonstrate our method using the taxonomically challenging Bemisia pest cryptic species complex as examples. The whiteflies Bemisia including the”tabaci” species are agriculturally important capable of vectoring diverse plant viruses that cause diseases and crop losses. Our multiprimer metabarcoding HTS amplicon approach simultaneously process high volumes of whitefly individuals, with efficiency to detect rare (i.e., 1%) test‐species, while our improved whitefly primers for metabarcoding also detected beneficial hymenopteran parasitoid species from whitefly nymphs. Field‐testing our redesigned Bemisia metabarcoding primer sets across the Tanzania, Uganda and Malawi cassava cultivation landscapes, we identified the sub‐Saharan Africa 1 Bemisia putative species as the dominant pest species, with other cryptic Bemisia species being detected at various abundances. We also provide evidence that Bemisia species compositions can be affected by host crops and sampling techniques that target either nymphs or adults. Our multiprimer HTS metabarcoding method incorporated two overlapping amplicons of 472 bp and 518 bp that spanned the entire 657 bp 3' barcoding region for Bemisia, and is particularly suitable to molecular diagnostic surveys of this highly cryptic insect pest species complex that also typically exhibited high population densities in heavy crop infestation episodes. Our approach can be adopted to understand species biodiversity across landscapes, with broad implications for improving transboundary biosecurity preparedness, thus contributing to molecular ecological knowledge and the development of control strategies for high‐density, cryptic, pest‐species complexes.
Observations of different types of sacra in Greyhounds based on the occurrence of sacrocaudal fusion
Authors: Ismail Sa'ad M. Y. , Murray Christina M. , Stevenson Mark A. , Yen Hung‐Hsun , Davies Helen M. S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLittle attention has been paid to the normal fusion of the vertebrae of greyhounds despite the common occurrence of sacrocaudal fusion. The current study aimed to investigate and provide data on the morphology of different types of fused sacra (B, C and D) in greyhounds and also to determine the potential association between the sex, body mass and morphology of fused sacra (S. Weight, S. Length and S. Width) in greyhounds. The sacra were collected from 171 greyhounds from Melbourne, Australia. After classifying the sacra based on the occurrence and types of the sacrocaudal fusion, they were measured for weight of the sacrum, length of sacrum and the width of sacrum. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to quantify the association between weight of the sacrum (as the outcome variable) type of sacrum (A, B, C and D), body mass and sex (as explanatory variables). The results proved that there are measurable differences between each type of fused sacra (B, C and D) and the standard sacra (A). In addition, this study showed that sex or body mass do not influence the occurrence of different types of fusion. The results of this study showed that the occurrence of sacrocaudal fusions was independent of body size in this population of greyhounds. Sacrocaudal fusion might affect the biomechanics in greyhounds independently of effects of body size.
Racialized disablement and the need for conceptual analysis of “racial health disparities”
Authors: Valentine Desiree 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIt is well established that racial health disparities are impacted by structural racism, but the imbrication of racialization processes with processes of disablement remains underdeveloped. This essay advocates for a conceptual lens that looks historically and politically at the co‐constitution of “race” and “disability.” Racism and ableism intersect in ways that manifest what I call racialized disablement, a key heuristic for building a fuller understanding of “race” and “racial health disparities.” This terminology, I propose, helps illuminate the following about race and racism in healthcare: first, racialized disablement seeks to denaturalize both race and disability to focus on their political production. Using process‐based terms related to both race and disability heightens the sense in which neither inhere in particular, individual bodies, but rather persist in contexts of ongoing structural oppressions, materializing populations subject to racialization and disablement. Secondly, and relatedly, racialized disablement aims to identify racism and ableism as co‐constitutive—historically, politically, and conceptually intertwined. Without an awareness of the fluidity of race‐ and disability‐based markers and the systems of power generating their materialization, our understandings of racial disparities in health and healthcare are incomplete.
Impact of pharmacological interventions on anthropometric indices in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Abdalla Mohammed A. , Shah Najeeb , Deshmukh Harshal , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Östlundh Linda , Al‐Rifai Rami H. , Atkin Stephen L. , Sathyapalan Thozhukat 
Published: December 2021

AbstractContextPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous condition affecting women of reproductive age and is associated with increased body weight.ObjectiveTo review the literature on the effect of different pharmacological interventions on the anthropometric indices in women with PCOS.Data sourcesWe searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane library, and the Web of Science in April 2020 with an update in PubMed in March 2021.Study selectionThe study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA)2020.Data extractionReviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.Results80 RCTs were included in the meta‐analysis. Metformin vs placebo showed significant reduction in the mean body weight (MD: −3.13 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −5.33 to −0.93, I² = 5%) and the mean body mass index (BMI) (MD: −0.75 kg/m2; 95% CI: −1.15 to −0.36, I² = 0%). There was a significant reduction in the mean BMI with orlistat versus placebo (MD: −1.33 kg/m²; 95% CI: −2.16 to −0.66, I² = 0.0%), acarbose versus metformin (MD: −1.26 kg/m²; 95% CI: −2.13 to −0.38, I² = 0%), and metformin versus pioglitazone (MD: −0.91 kg/m²; 95% CI: −1.62 to −0.19, I² = 0%). A significant increase in the mean BMI was also observed in pioglitazone versus placebo (MD: + 2.59 kg/m²; 95% CI: 1.78–3.38, I² = 0%) and in rosiglitazone versus metformin (MD: + 0.80 kg/m²; 95% CI: 0.32–1.27, I² = 3%). There was a significant reduction in the mean waist circumference (WC) with metformin versus placebo (MD: −1.21 cm; 95% CI: −3.71 to 1.29, I² = 0%) while a significant increase in the mean WC with pioglitazone versus placebo (MD: + 5.45 cm; 95% CI: 2.18–8.71, I² = 0%).ConclusionPharmacological interventions including metformin, sitagliptin, pioglitazone, rosiglitazone orlistat, and acarbose have significant effects on the anthropometric indices in women with PCOS.
Dogliotti and Phillips classifications are unsuitable for grading the histopathological findings of exogenous ochronosis
Authors: Ramia de Cap Maximiliano , Parisi Xenia , Tahan Steven R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous exogenous ochronosis (EO) is frequently graded and staged according to the Dogliotti or Phillips classification system, both in research studies and in clinical practice. There are no data to support the use of these systems in either of these settings. These systems additionally purport that the clinical and histopathological findings of EO are concordant; however, anecdotal evidence suggests otherwise. We aimed to determine the clinical‐histopathological concordance rates in EO and to assess the suitability of the Dogliotti and Phillips classification systems for the grading and staging of EO lesions.MethodsFive cutaneous EO cases diagnosed at our institution were studied. Clinical and histopathological data were obtained by medical record and histopathology slide review. Each case was assigned a clinical and histopathological grade according to both the Dogliotti and Phillips classifications. Clinical‐histopathological concordance rates were determined for each classification.ResultsClinical‐histopathological concordance was seen in 80% and 60% of EO lesions when graded according to the Dogliotti and Phillips classifications, respectively.ConclusionsCutaneous EO lesions do not consistently show clinical‐histopathological concordance. Although the Dogliotti and Phillips classifications may have clinical utility, they are not suitable to grade EO histopathologically.
Intra‐Alpine Islands: Population genomic inference reveals high degree of isolation between freshwater spring habitats
Authors: Blattner Lucas , Lucek Kay , Beck Nathanael , Berner Daniel , von Fumetti Stefanie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimAlpine spring ecosystems have long been considered as highly isolated, island‐like habitats. This presumption, however, is insufficiently supported empirically and conclusions about spring isolation have been based on indirect evidence. Therefore, we investigated the population genomic structure of Partnunia steinmanni Walter, 1906, a strictly spring‐dwelling water mite (Hydrachnidia) species, to shed light on the degree of interconnection among freshwater spring habitats.LocationProtected areas across the Alps, Central Europe.MethodsPartnunia steinmanni populations were sampled by hand‐net from 12 springs. Population genomic structure was inferred with 2263 polymorphic restriction site‐associated DNA (RADseq) loci of 256 individuals. We assessed genomic admixture, the phylogenetic relationship, isolation by distance, contemporary migration, effective population sizes, and genetic diversity among individuals from different springs.ResultsWe observed strong genetic differentiation between individuals from different springs. Water mites from each spring qualified as well‐delimited distinct populations with only little intra‐spring migration, even when these were located in close geographic proximity. Furthermore, we found subtle shared genetic structure among springs within the same area, and a southwestern genotype associated with the Rhône catchment that extended into eastern populations. Effective population size estimates and standing genetic variation within springs were generally low.Main conclusionsOur findings indicate strong insularity of freshwater springs and headwater areas, likely caused by intra‐alpine Pleistocene isolation and limited dispersal abilities of strictly spring‐bound species like P. steinmanni. Our results support the concept of spring habitat isolation and highlight the importance of alpine protected areas to conserve springs as substantial components of freshwater biodiversity.