bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activities, destination image, satisfaction and loyalty in a small island destination
Authors: Padrón-Ávila Hugo , Croes Robertico , Rivera Manuel 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This study aims to examining how tourists’ activities condition the relationship between destination image, satisfaction and loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a constructive replication design (CRD) to investigate the alleged critical role of tourism activities in impacting the tourism experience dimensions of image, satisfaction and loyalty. The CRD approach does not include new concepts or original relationships. However, what is new in the established relationship between image, satisfaction and loyalty is discerning the role of tourism activities as a moderator conditioning the relationship between the three dimensions. The purpose is to establish the external validity of previous studies’ findings through a more stringent test of the findings’ replicability. The analysis used partial least square modeling to examine the relationship between activities, dimensions and multigroup analysis to estimate potential significant differences in group-specific parameters, which are not often used in destination analysis, ensuring rigor in the data analysis and model. The number and type of activities practiced moderate the relationships between these constructs.

Findings
The results indicate that tourists’ type and several destination activities moderate the relationship between tourists’ satisfaction, perceived image and loyalty. The results also suggest that the more destination activities tourists practice, the greater is their satisfaction. These two theoretical propositions put activities at the center of destination management and marketing and identify potential experiential consumption spheres. The analysis of activities’ central role is a productive research field.

Practical implications
This study made several recommendations to destination managers to increase activities participation such as strategic marketing opportunities, expansion of the activities portfolio with sports, wellness, nature based and life observation wildlife, voluntary and educational activities, revamping of the UNESCO heritage site and festivals. This study also recommended a strategic use of technology for information dissemination, the design of a daily activity agenda based on the identified segments’ activity patterns and a destination one-stop online travel shopping.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to apply the tourism activity-based approach to examine actual tourist behavior regarding their engaged activities instead of their experience or perceptions with those activities in a small island destination. Another contribution lies in examining if tourists’ type and activity engagement moderate the relationship between tourists’ satisfaction, perceived image and loyalty. This paper requires researchers to consider tourism activities’ impact on tourists’ image, satisfaction and loyalty.
Translating knowledge in new entrepreneurial ventures: the role of business plan development
Authors: Dal Mas Francesca , Massaro Maurizio , Paoloni Paola , Kianto Aino 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to analyse the role of business plan development as a knowledge translation tool, especially for the creation of start-ups. In a complex knowledge ecosystem populated by multiple diverse and autonomous actors (such as potential entrepreneurs, local companies, local public entities and business consultants) bonded together by a joint search for valuable knowledge, business plan development can work as a powerful enabler for the translation of knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a qualitative multi-case study approach by examining the results of a public programme devoted to the creation of new entrepreneurial ventures. The authors analysed 418 complete business plans and followed up with all the participants with an interview. In total, 40 cases were investigated more in detail.

Findings
Results show how business plan development can function as a bridge between academic, theoretical and general knowledge on start-up creation on the one hand and practical contextualised activities of potential entrepreneurs on the other.

Practical implications
The process of knowledge translation is crucial to ensure that relevant knowledge coming from both the inside (the entrepreneur) and outside (the stakeholders) of the organisation is effectively applied. To facilitate the translation process, key knowledge users should be supported in contextualising and making sense of the research knowledge. Initiatives carried out by local entities and other actors, gathering several stakeholders to develop business plans, can become valuable opportunities to facilitate the translation process for start-up development.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to knowledge management and knowledge translation literature by demonstrating the role of business plan development as an effective knowledge translation enabler. It also adds to the understanding of innovation management and entrepreneurial education by proving the relevance of the translation of knowledge for the creation of new business ventures.
Efficacy and safety of topical Janus kinase and phosphodiesterase inhibitor‐4 inhibitors for the treatment of atopic dermatitis: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Lu , Du Dan , Wang Lian , Guo Linghong , Jiang Xian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTopical Janus kinase (JAK) and phosphodiesterase‐4 (PDE4) inhibitors are novel treatment approaches for atopic dermatitis (AD). This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of JAK and PDE4 inhibitors for AD treatment. The databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched until June 2021 for eligible studies of AD patients treated with topical JAK and PDE4 inhibitors. Baseline and follow‐up data were extracted. Efficacy of JAK inhibitors was evaluated using Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) achieving “clear” or “almost clear”, with 2 points or more improvement from baseline at the end of treatment, referred to as “IGA response”). A Bayesian multiple treatment network meta‐analysis with fixed effects was performed. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% credibility interval (CrI) were used for comparing the efficacy of JAK and PDE4 inhibitors with placebo for AD. A total of 10 randomized controlled trials of topical JAK and PDE4 inhibitors with 4689 patients were included for analysis. A total of three topical JAK inhibitors and two topical PDE4 inhibitors were included. Compared with placebo, all JAK and PDE4 inhibitors had higher IGA response at 4 weeks of treatment. Notably, with similar safety profile, tofacitinib 2% b.i.d., ruxolitinib 1.5% b.i.d., and delgocitinib 3% b.i.d. showed favorable IGA response compared with topical tacrolimus and corticosteroids. Ranking analysis suggested that among all included JAK and PDE4 inhibitors, tofacitinib 2% b.i.d. had the highest probability of achieving IGA response (SUCRA = 0.880). Besides, JAK and PDE4 inhibitors showed non‐inferior safety profile with placebo. This study confirmed that topical JAK and PDE4 inhibitors had promising treatment efficacy and safety for AD patients. Tofacitinib 2% b.i.d., ruxolitinib 1.5% b.i.d. and delgocitinib 3% b.i.d. showed superior efficacy over other JAK and PDE4 inhibitors.
Metabolic history and metabolic fitness as drivers of anabolic heterogeneity in isogenic microbial populations
Authors: Calabrese Federica , Stryhanyuk Hryhoriy , Moraru Cristina , Schlömann Michael , Wick Lukas Y. , Richnow Hans H. , Musat Florin , Musat Niculina 
Published: September 2021

SummaryMicrobial populations often display different degrees of heterogeneity in their substrate assimilation, that is, anabolic heterogeneity. It has been shown that nutrient limitations are a relevant trigger for this behaviour. Here we explore the dynamics of anabolic heterogeneity under nutrient replete conditions. We applied time‐resolved stable isotope probing and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry to quantify substrate assimilation by individual cells of Pseudomonas putida, P. stutzeri and Thauera aromatica. Acetate and benzoate at different concentrations were used as substrates. Anabolic heterogeneity was quantified by the cumulative differentiation tendency index. We observed two major, opposing trends of anabolic heterogeneity over time. Most often, microbial populations started as highly heterogeneous, with heterogeneity decreasing by various degrees over time. The second, less frequently observed trend, saw microbial populations starting at low or very low heterogeneity, and remaining largely stable over time. We explain these trends as an interplay of metabolic history (e.g. former growth substrate or other nutrient limitations) and metabolic fitness (i.e. the fine‐tuning of metabolic pathways to process a defined growth substrate). Our results offer a new viewpoint on the intra‐population functional diversification often encountered in the environment, and suggests that some microbial populations may be intrinsically heterogeneous.
Binding of Orysata lectin induces an immune response in insect cells
Authors: Chen Pengyu , De Schutter Kristof , Pauwels Jarne , Gevaert Kris , Van Damme Els J. M. , Smagghe Guy 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn mammals, plant lectinshave been shown to possess immunomodulatory properties, acting in both the innate and adaptive immune system to modulate the production of mediators of the immune response, ultimately improving host defences. At present, knowledge of immunomodulatory effects of plant lectins in insects is scarce. Treatment of insect cells with theOrysa sativalectin, Orysata, was previously reported to induce cell aggregation, mimicking the immune process of encapsulation. In this project we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effects of this mannose‐binding lectin usingDrosophila melanogasterS2 cells. Identification of the Orysata binding partners on the surface of S2 cells through a pull‐down assay and proteomic analysis revealed 221 putative interactors, several of which were immunity‐related proteins. Subsequent qPCR analysis revealed the upregulation of Toll‐ and immune deficiency (IMD)‐regulated antimicrobial peptides (Drs, Mtk, AttA, and Dpt) and signal transducers (Rel and Hid) belonging to the IMD pathway. In addition, the iron‐binding protein Transferrin 3 was identified as a putative interactor for Orysata, and treatment of S2 cells with Orysata was shown to reduce the intracellular iron concentration. All together, we believe these results offer a new perspective on the effects by which plant lectins influence insect cells and contribute to the study of their immunomodulatory properties.
Dealing with software complexity in individual‐based models
Authors: Vedder Daniel , Ankenbrand Markus , Sarmento Cabral Juliano 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Individual‐based models are doubly complex: as well as representing complex ecological systems, the software that implements them is complex in itself. Both forms of complexity must be managed to create reliable models. However, the ecological modelling literature to date has focussed almost exclusively on the biological complexity. Here, we discuss methods for containing software complexity.

Strategies for containing complexity include avoiding, subdividing, documenting and reviewing it. Computer science has long‐established techniques for all of these strategies. We present some of these techniques and set them in the context of IBM development, giving examples from published models.

Techniques for avoiding software complexity are following best practices for coding style, choosing suitable programming languages and file formats and setting up an automated workflow. Complex software systems can be made more tractable by encapsulating individual subsystems. Good documentation needs to take into account the perspectives of scientists, users and developers. Code reviews are an effective way to check for errors, and can be used together with manual or automated unit and integration tests.

Ecological modellers can learn from computer scientists how to deal with complex software systems. Many techniques are readily available, but must be disseminated among modellers. There is a need for further work to adapt software development techniques to the requirements of academic research groups and individual‐based modelling.
Endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis: Relationships to disease phenotypes, pathogenesis, clinical findings, and treatment approaches
Authors: Kato Atsushi , Peters Anju T. , Stevens Whitney W. , Schleimer Robert P. , Tan Bruce K. , Kern Robert C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common clinical syndrome that produces significant morbidity and costs to our health system. The study of CRS has progressed from an era focused on phenotype to include endotype‐based information. Phenotypic classification has identified clinical heterogeneity in CRS based on endoscopically observed features such as presence of nasal polyps, presence of comorbid or systemic diseases, and timing of disease onset. More recently, laboratory‐based findings have established CRS endotype based upon specific mechanisms or molecular biomarkers. Understanding the basis of widespread heterogeneity in the manifestations of CRS is advanced by findings that the three main endotypes, Type 1, 2, and 3, orchestrate the expression of three distinct large sets of genes. The development and use of improved methods of endotyping disease in the clinic are ushering in an expansion of the use of biological therapies targeting Type 2 inflammation now and perhaps other inflammatory endotypes in the near future. The purpose of this review is to discuss the phenotypic and endotypic heterogeneity of CRS from the perspective of advancing the understanding of the pathogenesis and improvement of treatment approaches and outcomes.
Very preterm infants displayed similar imitation skills to full‐term infants at term equivalent age
Authors: Koenig‐Zores Claire , Davy‐Monteil Mathilde , Vincent Véronique , Astruc Dominique , Meyer Nicolas , Kuhn Pierre 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimVery preterm infants are exposed to an atypical environment that could alter their developmental trajectory. We aimed to examine neonatal imitation, a foundation of social cognition, in very preterm and full‐term infants.MethodsIn Strasbourg, France, between 2015 and 2018, we prospectively investigated the development of imitation skills. Very preterm (27 to 33 weeks of gestational age, n = 20) and full‐term infants (n = 20) were enrolled using four gestures: tongue protrusion, mouth opening, sequential finger movements and hand movements. All testing were performed in infants at term‐equivalent age. Two independent and blinded observers coded the behaviour of each infant on video recording. Facial expressions or hand movements, similar to the one presented, were quantified and classified according to their timing.ResultsA total of 37 out of 40 infants imitated at least one gesture. The very preterm and term infants did not differ in the presence of imitation or its timing for the four gestures tested. The very preterm infants displayed more imitation abilities for sequential finger movement. Tongue protrusion and sequential finger movement were the particularly strong imitated gesture in both groups.ConclusionThese findings are the first to show similar neonatal imitation in term and very preterm infants. Our results may support early parent‐infant social interactions.
Multidisciplinary decision‐making strategies may reduce the need for secondary surgery in complex colonic polyps – A systematic review and pooled analysis
Authors: Parker Jody , Gupta Sunnia , Torkington Jared , Dolwani Sunil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThe recognition of complex colonic polyps is increasing. Management varies considerably and the impact of this on clinical outcomes is unclear. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the impact of group decision‐making strategies and defined selection criteria on the treatment outcomes of complex colonic polyps.MethodA systematic literature review identified studies reporting complex polyp treatment outcomes and describing their decision‐making strategies. Databases searched included PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and Scopus. Articles were identified by two blinded reviewers using defined inclusion criteria. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO and performed in line with PRISMA guidelines.ResultsThere were 303 identified articles describing treatment outcomes of complex colonic polyps. Only nine of these fully described the decision‐making strategy and met the inclusion criteria. Adverse events ranged from 1.3% to 10% across the studies. Unsuspected malignancy and secondary surgery rates ranged from 2.4% to 15.4% and 3.3% to 43.9%, respectively. Grouping of articles into a hierarchy of decision‐making strategies demonstrated a sequential reduction in secondary surgery rates with improving strategies. There were no differences in comparisons of adverse event or unsuspected malignancy rates.ConclusionsThere is limited description of decision‐making strategies and variability in reporting of studies describing complex polyp treatment outcomes. The use of multidisciplinary decision‐making and defined selection criteria may reduce the need for secondary surgical intervention in complex colonic polyps, but further evidence is required to draw definite conclusions.
Dupilumab effectiveness for the treatment of patients with concomitant atopic dermatitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis
Authors: Napolitano Maddalena , Maffei Marianna , Patruno Cataldo , Leone Carlo Antonio , Di Guida Adriana , Potestio Luca , Scalvenzi Massimiliano , Fabbrocini Gabriella 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin (IL) 4 and IL13 pathways. We performed a retrospective observational study to evaluate the efficacy of dupilumab for the treatment of adult patients referred to our department, from January 2019 to May 2021, with a diagnosis of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and concomitant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), with a clinical indication for dupilumab treatment. Skin disease activity was assessed using EASI, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pruritus (P‐NRS) and sleep (S‐NRS), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). The CRSwNP activity was evaluated using 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22), endoscopic nasal polyp score (ENPS), nasal congestion or obstruction score (scale 0–3), loss‐of‐smell score (scale 0–3), and rhinosinusitis disease severity (visual analog scale 0–10 cm). A significant improvement of all the score values was recorded assessing patients at baseline, week (W)16, and W24. In particular, concerning the CRSwNP, a reduction of ENPS score (baseline: 4.9 ± 1.85; W16: 2.49 ± 1.42, p < 0.01; W24: 1.68 ± 1.25, p < 0.01) and SNOT‐22 (baseline: 35.9 ± 19.11; W16: 12.85 ± 6.31, p < 0.01; W24: 10.71 ± 7.29, p < 0.01) was observed. Furthermore, dupilumab is a labeled drug for the treatment of both AD and CRSwNP. The use of a single drug to obtain the improvement up to the near remission of AD and CRSwNP increases not only patient's compliance with the treatment, but also the benefits in terms of health cost related to these chronic diseases.
Untangling the complexity of priority effects in multispecies communities
Authors: Song Chuliang , Fukami Tadashi , Saavedra Serguei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe history of species immigration can dictate how species interact in local communities, thereby causing historical contingency in community assembly. Since immigration history is rarely known, these historical influences, or priority effects, pose a major challenge in predicting community assembly. Here, we provide a graph‐based, non‐parametric, theoretical framework for understanding the predictability of community assembly as affected by priority effects. To develop this framework, we first show that the diversity of possible priority effects increases super‐exponentially with the number of species. We then point out that, despite this diversity, the consequences of priority effects for multispecies communities can be classified into four basic types, each of which reduces community predictability: alternative stable states, alternative transient paths, compositional cycles and the lack of escapes from compositional cycles to stable states. Using a neural network, we show that this classification of priority effects enables accurate explanation of community predictability, particularly when each species immigrates repeatedly. We also demonstrate the empirical utility of our theoretical framework by applying it to two experimentally derived assembly graphs of algal and ciliate communities. Based on these analyses, we discuss how the framework proposed here can help guide experimental investigation of the predictability of history‐dependent community assembly.
WORDS THAT MIGHT SAVE NECKS: PHILIPP KHABO KOEPSELL, EPISTEMIC MURDER AND POETIC JUSTICE1
Authors: Colvin Sarah 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTI begin with a poem of Koepsell's that questions the writing of poetry in times of political upheaval, and whether words can save necks. I then examine the collection Die Akte James Knopf for possible answers to those questions. José Medina conceptualises epistemic death, and Koepsell reveals the closeness of epistemic and actual death. I read Die Akte James Knopf as both a poetry collection and a dossier of evidence in a case of epistemic murder; it uncovers the mechanisms of racialised knowledge production/perpetuation, and produces what David Lloyd has called poetic justice. Medina writes of guerilla pluralism, which in this context I call provoking pluralism, because it privileges linguistic intervention over violence. In its grammar and effects, provoking pluralism is both irritating and potentially generative. I also conceive of ‘guerilla epistemology’, which operates a reversal, or revolution, of epistemic privilege. Koepsell provokingly acknowledges that the violence of epistemic injustice is, like other kinds of violence, tied to pleasure: racialised injustice sells. With his poetry and strategic use of humour, I argue, he produces counter‐pleasure, which infiltrates dominant knowledge and stimulates change. It might one day save someone's neck.