bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rotational spectroscopy of isotopic cyclopropenone, c-H2C3O, and determination of its equilibrium structure
Authors: Müller Holger S. P. , Brahmi M. Ananya , Guillemin Jean-Claude , Lewen Frank , Schlemmer Stephan 
Published: February 2021

Context. Cyclopropenone was first detected in the cold and less dense envelope of the giant molecular cloud Sagittarius B2(N). It was found later in several cold dark clouds and it may be possible to detect its minor isotopic species in these environments. In addition, the main species may well be identified in warmer environments.
Aims. We aim to extend existing line lists of isotopologs of c-H2C3O from the microwave to the millimeter region and create one for the singly deuterated isotopolog to facilitate their detections in space. Furthermore, we aim to extend the line list of the main isotopic species to the submillimeter region and to evaluate an equilibrium structure of the molecule.
Methods. We employed a cyclopropenone sample in natural isotopic composition to investigate the rotational spectra of the main and 18O-containing isotopologs as well as the two isotopomers containing one 13C atom. Spectral recordings of the singly and doubly deuterated isotopic species were obtained using a cyclopropenone sample highly enriched in deuterium. We recorded rotational transitions in the 70−126 and 160−245 GHz regions for all isotopologs and also in the 342−505 GHz range for the main species. Quantum-chemical calculations were carried out to evaluate initial spectroscopic parameters and the differences between ground-state and equilibrium rotational parameters in order to derive semi-empirical equilibrium structural parameters.
Results. We determined new or improved spectroscopic parameters for six isotopologs and structural parameters according to different structure models.
Conclusions. The spectroscopic parameters are accurate enough to identify minor isotopic species at centimeter and millimeter wavelengths while those of the main species are deemed to be reliable up to 1 THz. Our structural parameters differ from earlier ones. The deviations are attributed to misassignments in the earlier spectrum of one isotopic species.
Birational geometry of singular Fano double spaces of index two
Authors: Pukhlikov A. V. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We describe the birational geometry of Fano double spaces

of index 2 and dimension

with at most quadratic singularities of rank

, satisfying certain additional conditions of general position: we prove that these varieties have no structures of a rationally connected fibre space over a base of dimension

, that every birational map

onto the total space of a Mori fibre space

induces an isomorphism

of the blow-up

of

along

, where

is a linear subspace of codimension 2, and that every birational map of

onto a Fano variety

with

-factorial terminal singularities and Picard number 1 is an isomorphism. We give an explicit lower estimate, quadratic in

, for the codimension of the set of varieties

that have worse singularities or do not satisfy the conditions of general position. The proof makes use of the method of maximal singularities and the improved

-inequality for the self-intersection of a mobile linear system.
Bibliography: 20 titles.
Optimizing Outcomes in Neck Lift Surgery
Authors: O’Daniel Thomas Gerald 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
In certain patients there is an imbalance between the volume of the anterior neck and the mandibular confines that requires reductional sculpting and repositioning of the hyoid to optimize neck-lifting procedures.

Objectives
A quantitative volumetric analysis of the impact of the management of supraplatysmal and subplatysmal structures of the neck by comparing surgical specimens was performed to determine the impact of reduction on cervical contouring.

Methods
In 152 patients undergoing deep cervicoplasty, the frequency of modification of each surgical maneuver and the amount of supraplatysmal and subplatysmal volume removed was measured by a volume-displacement technique.

Results
The mean total volume removed from the supraplatysmal and subplatysmal planes during deep cervicoplasty was 22.3 cm3 with subplatysmal volume representing 73% of the total. Subplatysmal volume was reduced in 152 patients. Deep fat volume was reduced in 96% of patients by a mean of 7 cm3, submandibular gland volume in 76% of patients by a mean of 6.5 cm3, anterior digastric muscle volume in 70% of patients by a mean of 1.8 cm3, perihyoid fascia volume in 32% of patients by a mean of &lt;1 cm3, and mylohyoid volume in 14% of patients by a mean of &lt;1 cm3. The anterior digastric muscles were plicated to reposition the hyoid in 34% of cases. Supraplatysmal fat reduction was 6.3 cm3 in 40% of patients.

Conclusions
The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of volume modification of the central neck during deep cervicoplasty. This objective evaluation of neck volume may help guide clinicians in the surgical planning process and provide a foundation for optimizing cervicofacial rejuvenation techniques.

Level of Evidence: 4
Tetramer formation of Bacillus subtilis YabJ protein that belongs to YjgF/YER057c/UK114 family
Authors: Fujimoto Zui , Hong Le Thi Thu , Kishine Naomi , Suzuki Nobuhiro , Kimura Keitarou 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Bacillus subtilis YabJ protein belongs to the highly conserved YjgF/YER057c/UK114 family, which has a homotrimeric quaternary structure. The dominant allele of yabJ gene that is caused by a single amino acid mutation of Ser103Phe enables poly-γ-glutamic acid (γPGA) production of B. subtilis under conditions where the cell-density signal transduction was disturbed by the loss of DegQ function. X-ray crystallography of recombinant proteins revealed that unlike the homotrimeric wild-type YabJ, the mutant YabJ(Ser103Phe) had a homotetrameric quaternary structure, and the structural change appeared to be triggered by an inversion of the fifth β-strand. The YabJ homotetramer has a hole that is highly accessible, penetrating through the tetramer, and 2 surface concaves as potential ligand-binding sites. Western blot analyses revealed that the conformational change was also induced in vivo by the Ser103Phe mutation.
Metabolomic analysis on blood of transgenic mice overexpressing PGC-1α in skeletal muscle
Authors: Sugimoto Takumi , Uchitomi Ran , Hatazawa Yukino , Miura Shinji , Kamei Yasutomi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
PGC-1α expression increases in skeletal muscles during exercise and regulates the transcription of many target genes. In this study, we conducted a metabolomic analysis on the blood of transgenic mice overexpressing PGC-1α in its skeletal muscle (PGC-1α-Tg mice) using CE-TOFMS. The blood level of homovanillic acid (dopamine metabolite) and the gene expression of dopamine metabolic enzyme in the skeletal muscle of PGC-1α-Tg mice were high. The blood level of 5-methoxyindoleacetic acid was also high in PGC-1α-Tg mice. The blood levels of branched-chain α-keto acids and β-alanine were low in PGC-1α-Tg mice. These metabolites in the skeletal muscle were present in low concentration. The changes in these metabolites may reflect the skeletal muscle condition with increasing PGC-1α, such as exercise.
Brassica rapaL. activates macrophages via Toll-like receptors
Authors: Takahashi Fuka , Endo Katsunori , Matsui Rina , Yamamoto Kana , Tanaka Sachi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTMacrophages can initiate innate immune responses against microbes and cancer. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of Brassica rapa L. on macrophages. The production of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon-γ induced by the insoluble fraction of B. rapa L. was decreased in macrophage-depleted spleen cells compared with controls. The insoluble fraction of B. rapa L. induced expression of H-2Kb, I-Ab, CD40, and CD86, production of cytokines and nitric oxide, and phagocytic activity in RAW264 cells. After treatment with the insoluble fraction, IL-6 and TNF-α production was significantly decreased by anti-Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 mAb or polymyxin B compared with the control. Furthermore, insoluble fraction-mediated cytokine production was significantly lower in peritoneal macrophages from TLR2−/− and TLR4−/− mice compared with wild-type mice. These results suggest that B. rapa L. is a potentially effective immunomodulator for activating macrophages to prevent infections.
Pomolic acid in persimmon peel suppresses the increase in glycerol-3 phosphate dehydrogenase activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Authors: Izuchi Ryoichi , Katsuki Takahiro 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Persimmon peels, though usually discarded, are useful sources of nutraceuticals. In this study, persimmon peel–derived pomolic acid was found to suppress the increase in the activity of glycerol-3 phosphate dehydrogenase, a neutral fat synthesis-related enzyme, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas oleanolic and ursolic acids did not exert this effect. Therefore, persimmon peel may be an effective functional food material.
Unexpected reversal of stereochemistry observed in the addition of methallyltrimethylsilane to a chiral α-keto imide
Authors: Ishii Sayaka , Saito Katsuya , Kuwahara Shigefumi , Enomoto Masaru 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
A Lewis acid–promoted nucleophilic addition of methallyltrimethylsilane to a chiral α-keto imide proceeded with stereoselectivity opposite to that predicted from Soai's report. The difference in the structure of α-keto imides between Soai's and our cases might have affected the diastereofacial selectivity.
Rapid recovery of phytic acid from rice brans using chitosan nanofiber-based porous hydrogels
Authors: Nitta Sachiko , Iwamoto Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Phytic acid (PA) is a new type of naturally occurring pharmaceutical for afflictions such as cancer, diabetes, and renal calculi. The efficient, low-cost extraction of PA from biowaste is much sought after. Herein, highly pure PA was obtained from rice bran by adsorption at low pH onto porous chitosan nanofiber hydrogels. Due to the large surface area of the chitosan nanofiber-based porous hydrogels, the adsorption equilibrated within 60 min. Adsorption of PA was influenced by the buffer pH, temperature, and the ratio of chitosan in the hydrogel. PA was recovered by soaking the hydrogel in alkaline solution. After concentrating the solution and washing the residue with ethanol, highly pure sodium phytate was obtained with 32.2%-38.7% yield, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and high-performance liquid chromatography. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the recovery of pure PA in high yield without using toxic solvents.
Sea urchin gangliosides exhibit neuritogenic effects in neuronal PC12 cells via TrkA- and TrkB-related pathways
Authors: Wang Xiaoxu , Li Yiyang , Wang Yuliu , Liu Yanjun , Xue Changhu , Cong Peixu , Xu Jie 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTGangliosides (GLSs) are ubiquitously distributed in all tissues but highly enriched in nervous system. Currently, it is unclear how exogenous GLSs regulate neuritogenesis, although neural functions of endogenous GLSs are widely studied. Herein, we evaluated the neuritogenic activities and mechanism of sea urchin gangliosides (SU-GLSs) in vitro. These different glycosylated SU-GLSs, including GM4(1S), GD4(1S), GD4(2A), and GD4(2G), promoted differentiation of NGF-induced PC12 cells in a dose-dependent and structure-selective manner. Sulfate-type and disialo-type GLSs exhibited stronger neuritogenic effects than monosialoganglioside GM1. Furthermore, SU-GLSs might act as neurotrophic factors possessing neuritogenic effects, via targeting tyrosine-kinase receptors (TrkA and TrkB) and activating MEK1/2-ERK1/2-CREB and PI3K-Akt-CREB pathways. This activation resulted in increased expression and secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). These pathways were verified by specific inhibitors. Our results confirmed the neuritogenic functions of SU-GLS in vitro and indicated their potential roles as natural nutrition for neuritogenesis.
Identification of a polyphenol and its antioxidant properties from the roasting reaction of alginic acid
Authors: Doi Sayaka , Shindo Yukino , Masuda Akiko , Oyama Yasuo , Masuda Toshiya 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
The radical scavenging activity of marine polysaccharides was enhanced by their high-temperature treatment (roasting reaction model). The product obtained from alginic acid exhibited maximum activity, and a radical scavenger, alginetin, was identified in the product. Its antioxidant activities were examined by chemical methods, which confirmed that it possessed a stoichiometrically greater antioxidant capacity than that of Trolox.
The influence of the R47H triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 variant on microglial exosome profiles
Authors: Mallach Anna , Gobom Johan , Zetterberg Henrik , Hardy John , Piers Thomas M , Wray Selina , Pocock Jennifer M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Variants in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 gene are linked with an increased risk of dementia, in particular the R47Hhet triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 variant is linked to late-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Using human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived microglia, we assessed whether variations in the dynamics of exosome secretion, including their components, from these cells might underlie some of this risk. We found exosome size was not altered between common variant controls and R47Hhet variants, but the amount and constitution of exosomes secreted were different. Exosome quantities were rescued by incubation with an ATP donor or with lipids via a phosphatidylserine triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 ligand. Following a lipopolysaccharide or phagocytic cell stimulus, exosomes from common variant and R47Hhet microglia were found to contain cytokines, chemokines, APOE and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2. Differences were observed in the expression of CCL22, IL-1β and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 between common variant and R47Hhet derived exosomes. Furthermore unlike common variant-derived exosomes, R47Hhet exosomes contained additional proteins linked to negative regulation of transcription and metabolic processes. Subsequent addition of exosomes to stressed neurones showed R47Hhet-derived exosomes to be less protective. These data have ramifications for the responses of microglia in Alzheimer’s disease and may point to further targets for therapeutic intervention.
Mapping Specific Mental Content during Musical Imagery
Authors: Regev Mor , Halpern Andrea R , Owen Adrian M , Patel Aniruddh D , Zatorre Robert J 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHumans can mentally represent auditory information without an external stimulus, but the specificity of these internal representations remains unclear. Here, we asked how similar the temporally unfolding neural representations of imagined music are compared to those during the original perceived experience. We also tested whether rhythmic motion can influence the neural representation of music during imagery as during perception. Participants first memorized six 1-min-long instrumental musical pieces with high accuracy. Functional MRI data were collected during: 1) silent imagery of melodies to the beat of a visual metronome; 2) same but while tapping to the beat; and 3) passive listening. During imagery, inter-subject correlation analysis showed that melody-specific temporal response patterns were reinstated in right associative auditory cortices. When tapping accompanied imagery, the melody-specific neural patterns were reinstated in more extensive temporal-lobe regions bilaterally. These results indicate that the specific contents of conscious experience are encoded similarly during imagery and perception in the dynamic activity of auditory cortices. Furthermore, rhythmic motion can enhance the reinstatement of neural patterns associated with the experience of complex sounds, in keeping with models of motor to sensory influences in auditory processing.
Etiology of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis and Antibiotic Resistance in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Mulinganya Guy M , Claeys Maud , Balolebwami Serge Z , Bamuleke Bertrand A , Mongane Jules I , Boelens Jerina , Delanghe Joris , De Vos Daniel , Kambale Richard M , Maheshe Ghislain B , Mateso Guy M , Bisimwa Ghislain B , Malembaka Espoir B , Vaneechoutte Mario , Cools Piet , Callens Steven 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has one of the highest neonatal death rates (between 14% and 28%) in the world. In the DRC, neonatal sepsis causes 15.6% of this mortality, but data on the bacterial etiology and associated drug susceptibility are lacking.

Methods
Hemocultures of 150 neonates with possible early-onset neonatal sepsis (pEOS) were obtained at the Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu (Bukavu, DRC). The newborns with pEOS received an empirical first-line antimicrobial treatment (ampicillin, cefotaxime, and gentamicin) based on the synopsis of international guidelines for the management of EOS that are in line with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Isolates were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrophotometry. Antibiotic resistance was assessed using the disk diffusion method.

Results
Fifty strains were obtained from 48 patients and identified. The 3 most prevalent species were Enterobacter cloacae complex (42%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (18%), and Serratia marcescens (12%). Enterobacter cloacae isolates were resistant to all first-line antibiotics. All K. pneumoniae and S. marcescens isolates were resistant to ampicillin, and the majority of the K. pneumoniae and half of the S. marcescens isolates were resistant to both cefotaxime and gentamicin. All E. cloacae complex strains, 89% of K. pneumoniae, and half of S. marcescens had an extended-spectrum ß-lactamase phenotype.

Conclusions
The most prevalent pathogens causing EOS in Bukavu were E. cloacae complex, K. pneumoniae, and S. marcescens. Most of these isolates were resistant to the WHO-recommended antibiotics.
Spatial dynamics of Chinese Muntjac related to past and future climate fluctuations
Authors: Sun Zhonglou , Orozco-terWengel Pablo , Chen Guotao , Sun Ruolei , Sun Lu , Wang Hui , Shi Wenbo , Zhang Baowei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClimate fluctuations in the past and in the future are likely to result in population expansions, shifts, or the contraction of the ecological niche of many species, and potentially leading to the changes in their geographical distributions. Prediction of suitable habitats has been developed as a useful tool for the assessment of habitat suitability and resource conservation to protect wildlife. Here, we model the ancestral demographic history of the extant modern Chinese Muntjac Muntiacus reevesi populations using approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) and used the maximum entropy model to simulate the past and predict the future spatial dynamics of the species under climate oscillations. Our results indicated that the suitable habitats for the M. reevesi shifted to the Southeast and contracted during the Last Glacial Maximum, whereas they covered a broader and more northern position in the Middle Holocene. The ABC analyses revealed that the modern M. reevesi populations diverged in the Middle Holocene coinciding with the significant contraction of the highly suitable habitat areas. Furthermore, our predictions suggest that the potentially suitable environment distribution for the species will expand under all future climate scenarios. These results indicated that the M. reevesi diverged in the recent time after the glacial period and simultaneously as its habitat’s expanded in the Middle Holocene. Furthermore, the past and future climate fluctuation triggered the change of Chinese muntjac spatial distribution, which has great influence on the Chinese muntjac’s population demographic history.
Back to the vinyl age: a narrative report of a total computer blackout at a large university medical centre
Authors: Lehmann Lorenz H , Meder Benjamin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We report here our experience during a total blackout of all computer systems at a large-scale medical university centre lasting for almost 2 days, affecting not only the hospital information system but also all picture archieving systems, access to laboratory data, office, and email software and even the personnel’s ability to log into their accounts. While initially threatening, staff quickly adapted to the situation and the promise of ‘digital health’ to enable more time for the patient and improve communication, was essentially fulfilled when our computer system was totally down. Based on our experience, we recommend an involvement of health professionals and their medical societies in every step of the digital transformation to accomplish this mission in a responsible, safe, and human-centred way.
Fast and inexpensive whole-genome sequencing library preparation from intact yeast cells
Authors: Vonesch Sibylle C , Li Shengdi , Szu Tu Chelsea , Hennig Bianca P , Dobrev Nikolay , Steinmetz and Lars M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Through the increase in the capacity of sequencing machines massively parallel sequencing of thousands of samples in a single run is now possible. With the improved throughput and resulting drop in the price of sequencing, the cost and time for preparation of sequencing libraries have become the major bottleneck in large-scale experiments. Methods using a hyperactive variant of the Tn5 transposase efficiently generate libraries starting from cDNA or genomic DNA in a few hours and are highly scalable. For genome sequencing, however, the time and effort spent on genomic DNA isolation limit the practicability of sequencing large numbers of samples. Here, we describe a highly scalable method for preparing high-quality whole-genome sequencing libraries directly from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures in less than 3 h at 34 cents per sample. We skip the rate-limiting step of genomic DNA extraction by directly tagmenting lysed yeast spheroplasts and add a nucleosome release step prior to enrichment PCR to improve the evenness of genomic coverage. Resulting libraries do not show any GC bias and are comparable in quality to libraries processed from genomic DNA with a commercially available Tn5-based kit. We use our protocol to investigate CRISPR/Cas9 on- and off-target edits and reliably detect edited variants and shared polymorphisms between strains. Our protocol enables rapid preparation of unbiased and high-quality, sequencing-ready indexed libraries for hundreds of yeast strains in a single day at a low price. By adjusting individual steps of our workflow, we expect that our protocol can be adapted to other organisms.
De novo genome assembly of the tobacco hornworm moth (Manduca sexta)
Authors: Gershman Ariel , Romer Tatiana G , Fan Yunfan , Razaghi Roham , Smith Wendy A , Timp Winston 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, is a lepidopteran insect that is used extensively as a model system for studying insect biology, development, neuroscience, and immunity. However, current studies rely on the highly fragmented reference genome Msex_1.0, which was created using now-outdated technologies and is hindered by a variety of deficiencies and inaccuracies. We present a new reference genome for M. sexta, JHU_Msex_v1.0, applying a combination of modern technologies in a de novo assembly to increase continuity, accuracy, and completeness. The assembly is 470 Mb and is ∼20× more continuous than the original assembly, with scaffold N50 &gt; 14 Mb. We annotated the assembly by lifting over existing annotations and supplementing with additional supporting RNA-based data for a total of 25,256 genes. The new reference assembly is accessible in annotated form for public use. We demonstrate that improved continuity of the M. sexta genome improves resequencing studies and benefits future research on M. sexta as a model organism.