bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of CRP with NLR is a sensitive tool for screening fixation-related infection in patients undergoing conversion total hip arthroplasty after failed internal fixation for femoral neck fracture
Authors: Xu Hong , Xie Jin-Wei , Liu Li , Wang Duan , Huang Ze-Yu , Zhou Zong-Ke 
Published: July 2021

Aims Monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) or neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are useful for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), but their diagnostic values are unclear for screening fixation-related infection (FRI) in patients for whom conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) is planned after failed internal fixation for femoral neck fracture. Methods We retrospectively included 340 patients who underwent conversion THA after internal fixation for femoral neck fracture from January 2008 to September 2020. Those patients constituted two groups: noninfected patients and patients diagnosed with FRI according to the 2013 International Consensus Meeting Criteria. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine maximum sensitivity and specificity of these two preoperative ratios. The diagnostic performance of the two ratios combined with preoperative CRP or ESR was also evaluated. Results The numbers of patients with and without FRI were 19 (5.6%) and 321 (94.4%), respectively. Areas under the ROC curve for diagnosing FRI were 0.763 for MLR, 0.686 for NLR, 0.905 for CRP, and 0.769 for ESR. Based on the Youden index, the optimal predictive cutoffs were 0.25 for MLR and 2.38 for NLR. Sensitivity and specificity were 78.9% and 71.0% for MLR, and 78.9% and 56.4% for NLR, respectively. The combination of CRP with MLR showed a sensitivity of 84.2% and specificity of 94.6%, while the corresponding values for the combination of CRP with NLR were 89.5% and 91.5%, respectively. Conclusion The presence of preoperative FRI among patients undergoing conversion THA after internal fixation for femoral neck fracture should be determined. The combination of preoperative CRP with NLR is sensitive tool for screening FRI in those patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(9):1534–1540.
Silicon-coupled tantalum pentoxide microresonators with broadband low thermo-optic coefficient
Authors: Jean Philippe , Douaud Alexandre , Toubou Bah Souleymane , LaRochelle Sophie , Messaddeq Younès , Shi Wei 
Published: July 2021

Stable microresonators are important integrated photonics components but are difficult to achieve on silicon-on-insulator due to silicon intrinsic properties. In this work, we demonstrate broadband thermally stable tantalum pentoxide microresonators directly coupled to silicon waveguides using a micro-trench co-integration method. The method combines in-foundry silicon processing with a single step backend thin-film deposition. The passive response of the microresonator and its thermal behavior are investigated. We show that the microresonator can operate in the overcoupled regime as well as near the critical coupling point, boasting an extinction ratio over 25 dB with no higher-order mode excitation. The temperature dependent wavelength shift is measured to be as low as 8.9 pm/K and remains below 10 pm/K over a 120 nm bandwidth.
Ultrafast carrier dynamics and nonlinear optical response of InAsP nanowires
Authors: Liu Junting , Yang He , Khayrudinov Vladislav , Lipsanen Harri , Nie Hongkun , Yang Kejian , Zhang Baitao , He Jingliang 
Published: July 2021

Indium arsenide phosphide (InAsP) nanowires (NWs), a member of the III–V semiconductor family, have been used in various photonic and optoelectronic applications thanks to their unique electrical and optical properties such as high carrier mobility and adjustable band gap. In this work, we synthesize InAsP NWs and further explore their nonlinear optical properties. The ultrafast carrier dynamics and nonlinear optical response are thoroughly studied based on the nondegenerate pump probe and Z-scan experimental measurements. Two different characteristic carrier lifetimes (

∼
2

and

∼
15

ps

) from InAsP NWs are observed during the excited-carrier relaxation process. Based on the physical model analysis, the relaxation process can be ascribed to the carrier cooling process via carrier-phonon scattering and Auger recombination. In addition, based on the measured excited-carrier lifetime and Pauli-blocking principle, we discover that InAsP NWs show strong saturable absorption properties at the wavelengths of 532 and 1064 nm. Last, we demonstrate for the first time a femtosecond (

∼
426

fs

) solid-state laser based on an InAsP NWs saturable absorber at 1.04 μm. We believe that our work provides a better understanding of the InAsP NWs optical properties and will further advance their photonic applications in the near-infrared range.
Recommendations for proficiency testing criteria for hemoglobin A1c based on the Shanghai Center for Clinical Laboratory’s study
Authors: Ju Yi , Cao Zhimin Tim , Li Qing , Tang Liping , Ou Yuanzhu , Yu Xiaoxuan , Liu Wenbin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services proposed in 2019 that glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) be a CLIA′88 regulated analyte. People who commented expressed concerns that the proposed acceptance limit (AL, HbA1c in NGSP unit) ±10% for proficiency testing (PT) would be unable to maintain already improved analytical performance and guarantee the clinical utility of HbA1c testing. Assessing impact of various ALs on PT performance is needed to provide scientific evidence for adopting an appropriate AL.

Methods
Ten patient EDTA-whole blood specimens were distributed to 318 and 336 laboratories in the 2018 and 2019 PT events organized by Shanghai Center for Clinical Laboratory (SCCL). HbA1c concentrations were measured by participants using various methodologies commonly used in the USA and China. Targets were determined using secondary reference measurement procedures (SRM) at SCCL. “Failed Results” were those outside the SRM-defined target ± AL (5% through 10%). Laboratories with Failed Results ≥2 out of five samples per PT event obtained Event Unsatisfactory Status.

Results
HbA1c target values ranged 33.3 mmol/mol (5.2 NGSP%) −102.2 mmol/mol (11.5 NGSP%) for 2018 event, and 33.3 mmol/mol (5.2 NGSP%) −84.7 mmol/mol (9.9 NGSP%) for 2019 event. Overall Laboratory Event Unsatisfactory Rates were 11.3–12.2%, 4.8–5.3%, 0.9–3.1%, 0.6–2.2%, 0.6–1.4% and 0.6–1.4%, at AL of ±5, ±6, ±7, ±8, ±9 and ±10%, respectively.

Conclusions
The AL (in NGSP unit) of ±6% or ±7% for PT evaluation of HbA1c results would be appropriate, with satisfactory event scores for about 95% of participant laboratories in a PT event.
The utility of competency-oriented clinical laboratory teaching combined with case-based learning (CBL)
Authors: Li Hongchun , Sun Jingfang , Zhou Yuan , Ding Shuang , Guo Yi , Jiang Qingqing , Li Shibao , Ma Ping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of competency-oriented clinical laboratory teaching combined with case-based learning (CBL) and improve the examination of students’ competence of laboratory medicine.

Methods
A total of 107 medical laboratory medicine interns at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from June 2017 to July 2019 volunteered to participate in the study and were randomly assigned into a control group with training of the traditional teacher-centered method, and an experimental group under a CBL teaching program. Student basic theory tests and skill assessment were designed to evaluate what the students gained from their internship when they completed their studies at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University.

Results
Compared to students in the control group taught with the teacher-centered method, those in the CBL teaching program had significantly higher theory test scores and skill assessment scores on average. Competencies with particularly significant improvement included identification and processing of instrument alarm information, analysis of test results, identification and solution of the problem, as well as identification and reporting of the critical value and clinical communication.

Conclusions
The competency-oriented teaching method combined with CBL is an effective method for improving students’ professional knowledge, increasing language expression, and enhancing interpersonal relationship and teamwork, which is worthy of being promoted in laboratory medicine teaching.
Circular RNA VANGL1 knockdown suppressed viability, promoted apoptosis, and increased doxorubicin sensitivity through targeting miR-145-5p to regulate SOX4 in bladder cancer cells
Authors: Zhu Jiangbo , Zhang Fei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Bladder cancer is a common malignancy in the world. It is reported that circular RNA VANGL1 (circ_VANGL1) was involved in bladder cancer progression. However, the functional role and molecular mechanism of circ_VANGL1 in bladder cancer were still unclear.

Methods
The levels of circ_VANGL1, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p), and Sex-determining region Y-related high-mobility group box 4 (SOX4) in bladder cancer tissues and cells were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain (RT-qPCR). The relative protein expression was detected by western blot. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and flow cytometry analysis were used to measure cell viability, IC50 value, and apoptosis rate. The interaction between miR-145-5p and circ_VANGL1 or SOX4 was predicted by online software starBase v2.0 or Targetscan and verified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Besides, xenograft mice model was used to detect the effects of circ_VANGL1 in vivo.

Results
The level of circ_VANGL1 and SOX4 was increased, while miR-145-5p was decreased in bladder cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of circ_VANGL1 suppressed viability, while promoted apoptosis and increased doxorubicin sensitivity in bladder cancer cells. Moreover, circ_VANGL1 acted as a sponge for miR-145-5p. In addition, miR-145-5p partially reversed the effects of miR-145-5p knockdown in T24 and J82 cells. SOX4 was a target of miR-145-5p and negatively regulated by miR-145-5p. Furthermore, miR-145-5p regulated SOX4 to affect cell progression in bladder cancer cells, including viability, apoptosis, and doxorubicin sensitivity. Besides, circ_VANGL1 suppressed tumor growth and enhanced the doxorubicin sensitivity in bladder cancer in vivo.

Conclusion
circ_VANGL1 mediated cell viability, apoptosis, and doxorubicin sensitivity by regulating miR-145-5p/SOX4 axis in bladder cancer, providing a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer therapy.
Triangle of cytokine storm, central nervous system involvement, and viral infection in COVID-19: the role of sFasL and neuropilin-1
Authors: Saleki Kiarash , Banazadeh Mohammad , Miri Niloufar Sadat , Azadmehr Abbas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is identified as the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and is often linked to extreme inflammatory responses by over activation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), cytokine storm, and sepsis. These are robust causes for multi-organ damage. In particular, potential routes of SARS-CoV2 entry, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), have been linked to central nervous system (CNS) involvement. CNS has been recognized as one of the most susceptible compartments to cytokine storm, which can be affected by neuropilin-1 (NRP-1). ACE2 is widely-recognized as a SARS-CoV2 entry pathway; However, NRP-1 has been recently introduced as a novel path of viral entry. Apoptosis of cells invaded by this virus involves Fas receptor–Fas ligand (FasL) signaling; moreover, Fas receptor may function as a controller of inflammation. Furthermore, NRP-1 may influence FasL and modulate cytokine profile. The neuroimmunological insult by SARS-CoV2 infection may be inhibited by therapeutic approaches targeting soluble Fas ligand (sFasL), cytokine storm elements, or related viral entry pathways. In the current review, we explain pivotal players behind the activation of cytokine storm that are associated with vast CNS injury. We also hypothesize that sFasL may affect neuroinflammatory processes and trigger the cytokine storm in COVID-19.
Subclinical thyroid function and cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Moutzouri Elisavet , Lyko Christina , Feller Martin , Blum Manuel Raphael , Adam Luise , Blum Steffen , Aeschbacher Stefanie , Fischer Urs , Roten Laurent , Del Giovane Cinzia , Meyer-Zuern Christine S , Conte Giulio , Bonati Leo H , Moschovitis Giorgio , Kühne Michael , Beer Juerg , Aujesky Drahomir , Osswald Stefan , Conen David , Rodondi Nicolas 
Published: July 2021

Objective
To evaluate if subclinical thyroid dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods
Swiss-AF is a prospective cohort of community-dwelling participants aged ≥ 65 years with AF. Primary outcome was a composite endpoint of CV events (myocardial infarctions, stroke/transitory ischemic events, systemic embolism, heart failure (HF) hospitalizations, CV deaths). Secondary outcomes were component endpoints, total mortality, and AF-progression. Exposures were thyroid dysfunction categories, TSH and fT4. Sensitivity analyses were performed for amiodarone use, thyroid hormones use, and competing events.

Results
2415 patients were included (mean age: 73.2 years; 27% women). 196 (8.4%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 53 (2.3%) subclinical hyperthyroidism. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction was not associated with CV events, during a median follow-up of 2.1 years (max 5 years): age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio (adjHR) of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.69–1.41) for subclinical hypothyroidism and 0.55 (95% CI: 0.23–1.32) for subclinical hyperthyroidism. Results remained robust following multivariable adjustment and sensitivity analyses. In euthyroid patients, fT4 levels were associated with an increased risk for the composite endpoint and HF (adjHR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04–2.05; adjHR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.08–2.66, respectively, for the highest quintile vs the middle quintile). Results remained similar following multivariable adjustment and remained significant for HF in sensitivity analyses. No association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and total mortality or AF-progression was found.

Conclusions
Subclinical hypothyroidism was not associated with increased CV risk in AF patients. Higher levels of fT4 with normal TSH were associated with a higher risk for HF.
Gasto energético e intensidad del entrenamiento de porrismo: Un estudio descriptivo
Authors: Ulloa Sánchez Paul , Hernández Elizondo Jessenia 
Published: July 2021

The objective of the present study was to answer the following questions: are the energy expenditure equivalent in terms of METs of cheerleading training sessions and what Ainsworth et al. (2011) show? Are there statistically significant differences in the energy expenditure and intensity of cheerleading training when comparing different performance and sex categories?
Methodology: Energy expenditure and intensity were measured during one hour of cheerleading training for a sample of 103 cheerleaders (men = 55; women = 48), who belong to three all-star teams and two national teams from Costa Rica.
Results: No differences were found between the value reported by Ainsworth et al. (2011) and cheerleading workouts (6 METs vs. 5.8 METs, t = -1.7, p = 0.092). A significant interaction of energy expenditure (kcal) between sex and performance category was evident.
Conclusions: The energy expenditure in terms of METs for cheerleading workouts is equivalent to that reported by Ainsworth et al. (2011). Men with a “high” performance category had significantly higher energy expenditure (p <0.05 *) compared to men with a “medium” or “low” category and with women in all three categories. No differences were found in terms of intensity when comparing sex and performance category.
30 % para 2030: América Latina y la nueva meta global para sus sistemas de áreas protegidas
Authors: Barborak James R. 
Published: July 2021

En octubre de 2021, representantes de los países que han ratificado la Convención sobre la Diversidad Biológica se reunirán en China para considerar nuevas metas para el próximo decenio. Hay consenso en que se establecerá una nueva meta para la conservación de áreas protegidas: 30 % de la superficie del planeta, tanto en tierra como en el mar, para 2030. Esto significa duplicar la cobertura mundial actual de áreas protegidas terrestres, así como triplicar la cobertura de áreas marinas para 2030. Este artículo analiza diferentes enfoques y herramientas que serán necesarios utilizar conjuntamente, para intentar cumplir con esa meta ambiciosa en América Latina, no solo ampliar el sistema de áreas protegidas de América Latina, sino también asegurar que la gestión tanto de áreas ya existentes como nuevas sea más efectiva y equitativa.
Network analysis in clinical research
Authors: Ramos-Vera Cristian , Serpa-Barrientos Antonio 
Published: July 2021

A study published in Issue 1 of Volume 69 of this Journal evaluated burnout levels in Colombian medical residents and demonstrated the impact of this syndrome on those suffering from it.1 Burnout is a response to the emotional and interpersonal problems that arise at work, and it involves feelings of exhaustion, indifference, perception of incompetence due to a lack of resources to cope with responsibilities, dissatisfaction, and low self-esteem.2
Comparación de diferentes definiciones de síndrome metabólico y su relación con la estimación del riesgo cardiovascular
Authors: Roca-Sánchez-Moreno Jorge David , Soto Alonso , Núñez-Muñoz Alison Liz , De La Cruz-Vargas Jhony Alberto , Quiñones-Laveriano Dante Manuel 
Published: July 2021

Introducción. En Perú se usan múltiples definiciones de síndrome metabólico (SM); sin embargo, actualmente no hay un consenso sobre cuál definición usar en la práctica clínica.
Objetivos. Comparar las estimaciones de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV), obtenidas mediante la calculadora de RCV de la ACC/AHA, y evaluar su grado de concordancia con diferentes definiciones de SM en pacientes atendidos en Lima, Perú.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal analítico. Se revisaron las historias clínicas, obtenidas por muestreo consecutivo, de 233 pacientes atendidos entre octubre y diciembre de 2019 en el Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue (HNHU), Lima, Perú. El RCV se calculó mediante la calculadora virtual de RCV de la ACC/AHA y se consideraron las definiciones de SM de la OMS, NCEP-ATP III, IDF, AHA/NHLBI, JIS y ALAD para comparar el RCV según cada definición. La concordancia entre las distintas definiciones de SM se calculó mediante el coeficiente kappa con base en los seis niveles de fuerza de concordancia de Landis y Koch.
Resultados. Las medianas de RCV en pacientes con SM según las definiciones de la OMS, NCEP-ATP III, IDF, AHA/NHLBI, ALAD y JIS fueron 9.6 (3.9-20.35), 7.9 (3.1-18.6), 7.3 (3-16.5), 7.8 (3-17.6), 7.1 (2.9-16.5), y 7.1 (3.1-16.5), respectivamente. La prevalencia de SM según las definiciones JIS, IDF, ALAD, AHA/NHLBI, NCEP-ATP III y OMS fue 81.97%, 80.26%, 74.68%, 67.81%, 65.67% y 51.14%, respectivamente. La concordancia entre los criterios de JIS y los de IDF, ALAD, NCEP-ATP III y AHA/NHLBI fue 0.944, 0.787, 0.592 y 0.567, respectivamente, pero entre los de JIS y OMS, 0.286.
Conclusiones. Existen diferencias entre las estimaciones de RCV según las distintas definiciones de SM usadas en Perú y consideradas en el presente estudio, lo que puede tener repercusiones en la intensidad de las intervenciones terapéuticas y preventivas realizadas en estos pacientes.
The role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of behavioral addictions: Two case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Cuppone D. , Gómez Pérez L.J. , Cardullo S. , Cellini N. , Sarlo M. , Soldatesca S. , Chindamo S. , Madeo G. , Gallimberti L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundSeveral behaviors, besides consumption of psychoactive substances, produce short-term reward that may lead to persistent aberrant behavior despite adverse consequences. Growing evidence suggests that these behaviors warrant consideration as nonsubstance or “behavioral” addictions, such as pathological gambling, internet gaming disorder and internet addiction.Case presentationHere, we report two cases of behavioral addictions (BA), compulsive sexual behavior disorder for online porn use and internet gaming disorder. A 57-years-old male referred a loss of control over his online pornography use, started 15 years before, while a 21-years-old male university student reported an excessive online gaming activity undermining his academic productivity and social life. Both patients underwent a high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocol over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-DLPFC) in a multidisciplinary therapeutic setting. A decrease of addictive symptoms and an improvement of executive control were observed in both cases.DiscussionStarting from these clinical observations, we provide a systematic review of the literature suggesting that BAs share similar neurobiological mechanisms to those underlying substance use disorders (SUD). Moreover, we discuss whether neurocircuit-based interventions, such as rTMS, might represent a potential effective treatment for BAs.
Large-Scale Proteomic Assessment of Urinary Extracellular Vesicles Highlights Their Reliability in Reflecting Protein Changes in the Kidney
Authors: Wu Qi , Poulsen Søren B. , Murali Sathish K. , Grimm Paul R. , Su Xiao-Tong , Delpire Eric , Welling Paul A. , Ellison David H. , Fenton Robert A. 
Published: July 2021

Significance Statement
Measurement of urinary extracellular vesicle (uEV) protein abundances is frequently used to reflect ongoing (patho)physiologic processes in the kidney. However, whether protein abundances in uEVs and the kidney directly correlate, or whether (patho)physiologic alterations in protein levels in the kidney can be determined by assessing protein changes in uEVs, has never been comprehensively determined. Here, quantitative proteomic data indicate protein abundances in uEVs and kidney in rats are correlated, with a monotonic relationship between altered transporter protein abundance in uEVs and the kidney after a physiologic stimulation. Therefore, it is valid to draw conclusions from altered protein levels in uEVs for particular protein classes and relate them to changes in the kidney.

Background
Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) are secreted into urine by cells from the kidneys and urinary tract. Although changes in uEV proteins are used for quantitative assessment of protein levels in the kidney or biomarker discovery, whether they faithfully reflect (patho)physiologic changes in the kidney is a matter of debate.

Methods
Mass spectrometry was used to compare in an unbiased manner the correlations between protein levels in uEVs and kidney tissue from the same animal. Studies were performed on rats fed a normal or high K+ diet.

Results
Absolute quantification determined a positive correlation (Pearson R=0.46 or 0.45, control or high K+ respectively, P<0.0001) between the approximately 1000 proteins identified in uEVs and corresponding kidney tissue. Transmembrane proteins had greater positive correlations relative to cytoplasmic proteins. Proteins with high correlations (R>0.9), included exosome markers Tsg101 and Alix. Relative quantification highlighted a monotonic relationship between altered transporter/channel abundances in uEVs and the kidney after dietary K+ manipulation. Analysis of genetic mouse models also revealed correlations between uEVs and kidney.

Conclusion
This large-scale unbiased analysis identifies uEV proteins that track the abundance of the parent proteins in the kidney. The data form a novel resource for the kidney community and support the reliability of using uEV protein changes to monitor specific physiologic responses and disease mechanisms.