bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An effective multi-channel fault diagnosis approach for rotating machinery based on multi-variate generalized refined composite multi-scale sample entropy
Authors: Wang Zhenya , Chen Hui , Yao Ligang , Chen Xu , Qi Xiaoli , Zhang Jun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Fault diagnosis of critical rotating machinery components is necessary to ensure safe operation. However, the commonly used fault diagnosis methods for rotating machinery are generally based on the single-channel signal processing method, which is not suitable for processing multi-channel signals. Thus, to extract features and carry out the intelligent diagnosis of multi-channel signals, a novel method for rotating machinery fault diagnosis is proposed. Firstly, a novel non-linear dynamics technique, named the multi-variate generalized refined composite multi-scale sample entropy, is presented and applied to extract fusion entropy features of multi-channel signals. Secondly, a practical manifold learning known as supervised isometric mapping is introduced to map the high-dimensional fusion entropy features in a low-dimensional space. In a third step, the Harris hawks optimization-based support vector machine is utilized to achieve intelligent fault recognition. Finally, aiming to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and present its advantages, it was applied to analyze the rotating machinery system bearing and gear data. The experimental results have shown that the method at hand can accurately identify various bearing and gear faults. Furthermore, in addition to being suitable for multi-channel signal fault diagnosis, it displayed higher recognition accuracy when compared with other multi-channel or single-channel methods.
Effect of Hydrophobic Silicon Substrate on the Ice Formation at Different Temperatures
Authors: Saayed Doaa , Foroutan Masumeh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the effect of silicon substrate and temperature on the ice formation through molecular dynamics simulations. It was found that silicon substrate accelerates the ice formation rate. Depending on the temperatures of the systems, the formation rate can be accelerate or decelerated. The obtained results showed that, as the temperature increased from the lowest temperature 100K to the highest temperature 220K, the number of water molecules transformed into ice decreased. We found that the hydrophobic property of silicon is not a barrier for approaching ice formation. The high correlation between Si and the hydrogen atoms of water molecules stimulated the ice formation on the surface of silicon and allowed the formation of amorphous ice directly on the surface of silicon. The temperature effect on ice formation was in distinguishing two different behaviors one from 100K to 180K and the second above 180K. These behaviors were related to the temperature of which amorphous ice is stable. The results of the average number of hydrogen bonds and their lifetime are in parallel with the results of the number density profiles that can best explain how silicon affects the ice formation. The coordination number of water molecules increased with the decrease of the temperature for silicon substrate which means that bigger ice clusters were found. The ice molecules, which were formed near the silicon substrate, are more recognized than that of the bulk. To better understand these effects, bulk systems were used as comparative systems.
Cost-Effectiveness of Stroke Unit Compared with Routine Treatment for Stroke Patients in Iran
Authors: Gholamhoseini Mohammad Tasavon , Zarein Mahdiye , Goodarzi Reza , Amiresmaili Mohammadreza , Mehrpour Masoud 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Two approaches including stroke unit and routine treatment, are used to address stroke patients. Although stroke unit is a new intervention in Iran and its effectiveness has been proven, but there is little information on its costs. It is necessary to utilize the results of the studies of economic evaluation in order to choose the better treatment option between two alternatives. Due to the lack of studies in this field in Iran, the current study was done to compare the cost-effectiveness of stroke unit and routine treatment. Methods: The present study investigated cost-effectiveness of stroke unit compared with routine treatment from health system perspective. Markov model incorporating three health states of independent, dependent and death for a time horizon of 10 years with a 3-month cycle length was applied. Direct medical and non-medical costs including pharmaceutical and hospital expenses, were calculated based on 2018 data. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were taken as the outcome measure. The analysis of cost-effectiveness and sensitivity for uncertain parameters was carried out using TreeAge 2020. Results: Stroke unit had more costs and QALYs gain in comparison with routine treatment with $1926 per QALY. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that stroke unit cost-effectiveness probability is 77 percent, in the threshold of willingness to pay three times GDP per capita. Conclusion: Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of stroke unit is far less than the threshold of willingness to pay, indicating the strategy is cost-effective. Therefore, implementing stroke unit in Iran health system leads to optimal use of resources.
Compared with Monocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR),Neutrophil to High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (NHR) is more Valuable in the Inflammatory Process of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Fan Qingli , Liu Zhu , Wu Shizheng , Lei Yancheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory response plays an important role in the pathologic process and prognosis of Parkinson's disease (PD).We investigated the relationship between the neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio (NHR),neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR),and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) on the prediction of PD and its course and severity.Methods: Patients with Parkinson's disease were selected (n=101) and divided into three groups according to the onset cycle:<6 years (n=64),6-10 years (n=23) and > 10 years(n=14).And according to Hoehn and Yahr classification: 1~2.5 is the early stage (n=55);Grades 3~5 are divided into two groups (n=46).In addition, healthy subjects (n=97) matched with the above pd patients in the same period were selected as the control group.In this way, the influence of NHR, NLR, MHR and other indicators on corresponding groups is evaluated.Results: Neutrophils, NHR and NLR in PD group were significantly higher than those in control group. nevertheless, lymphocyte, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and hemoglobin were significantly lower than those in the control group. Multi-factor logistic regression analysis indicated that NHR (odds ratio (OR)=1.456,95%CI:1.007~2.104,P=0.046) and NLR(OR=1.663,95%CI:1.101~2.513,P=0.016) were risk factors for Parkinson's disease, while MHR had no significant correlation with Parkinson's disease. The AUC(area under the ROC curve) of PD predicted by NHR and NLR were 0.648(95%CI:0.572~0.724,P=0.0003) and 0.718 (95%CI:0.646~0.790,P<0.0001),respectively, and the critical values for optimal diagnosis were3.104×109/mmol and 1.939×109/mmol. Spearman analysis showed that NHR was significantly negatively correlated with the course of disease.Conclusions: In summary, NHR not only has strong predictive value for PD disease, but also is closely related to the course of disease. NHR levels may be better predictors of long-term clinical outcomes in PD patients than MHR and NLR.
ImmunoPET Imaging of Multiple Myeloma with [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-Nb1053
Authors: Wang Cheng , Chen Yumei , Hou Yun Nan , Liu Qiufang , Zhang Di , Zhao Haitao , Zhang You , An Shuxian , Li Lianghua , Hou Jian , Huang Gang , Liu Jianjun , Zhao Yong Juan , Wei Weijun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable and its diagnosis relies heavily on bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. CD38 is a glycoprotein highly specific for MM. Antibody therapeutics (e.g., daratumumab) targeting CD38 have shown encouraging efficacy in treating MM, either as a monotherapy agent or in combination with other regimens. However, efficient stratification of patients who might benefit from daratumumab therapy and timely monitoring of the therapeutic responses are still clinical challenges. This work aims to devise a CD38-targeted imaging strategy and assess its value in diagnosing MMs. Methods By labeling a CD38-specific single domain antibody (Nb1053) with 68Ga (t1/2 = 1.1 h), we developed a CD38-targeted immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) imaging probe [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-Nb1053. The probe was developed with good radiochemical yield (> 50%), excellent radiochemical purity (> 99%), and immunoreactivity (> 95%). The diagnostic accuracy of the probe was thoroughly investigated in preclinical MM models. Results ImmunoPET imaging with the probe specifically depicted all the subcutaneous and orthotopic MM lesions, outperforming the traditional 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET and the nonspecific [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-NbGFP immunoPET. More importantly, daratumumab preloading significantly reduced [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-Nb1053 uptake in the disseminated bone lesions, indicating the overlapping targeting epitopes of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-Nb1053 with that of daratumumab. Furthermore, premedication with sodium maleate or fructose significantly decreased kidney retention of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-Nb1053 and improved the diagnostic value of the probe in lymphoma models. Conclusion This work successfully developed a novel CD38-targeted immunoPET imaging approach that enabled precise visualization of CD38 and diagnosis of MMs. Upon clinical translation, [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-Nb1053 immunoPET may serve as a valuable CD38-targeted molecular imaging toolbox, facilitating early diagnosis of MM and precise assessment of the therapeutic responses.
Systematic analysis of the OSCA family members in Vigna radiata and their involvement in osmotic resistance
Authors: Yin Lili , Zhang Meiling , Wu Ruigang , Chen Xiaoliang , Liu Fei , Xing Baolong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Mung bean (Vigna radiata) is a warm-season legume crop and belongs to papilionoid subfamily of the Fabaceae. China is the leading producer of mung bean in the world. It has significant economic and health benefits and is a promising species with broad adaptation and high tolerance to stress environments. The OSCA family members play an important role in the modulation of hypertonic stresses, such as drought and salinity. However, genome-wide analysis of the OSCA family in mung bean is lacking.
Results

We identified a total of 13 OSCA genes in the mung bean genome and named according to their homology with AtOSCAs. All the OACAs were phylogenetically splitted into four clades. Phylogenetic relationship and synteny analyses showed that the VrOSCAs in mung bean and soybean shared a relatively conserved evolutionary history. In addition, three duplicated VrOSCA gene pairs were identified and the duplicated VrOSCA shave mainly undergone purifying selection pressure during evolution. Protein domain, motif and transmembrane analysis indicated that most of the VrOSCAs shared similar structures with their homologs. The expression pattern showed that exception of VrOSCA2.1, the other 12VrOSCAs were up-regulated expression under treatment with ABA, PEG and NaCl, among which VrOSCA1.4 showed the largest increased expression levels. The duplicated genes VrOSCA2.1/VrOSCA2.2 showed divergence expression, which might experience functionalization during subsequent evolution. The expression profiles under ABA, PEG and NaCl stress revealed a functional divergence of VrOSCA genes, which agreed with the cis-acting elements analysis in the promoter of VrOSCA genes.
Conclusions

Collectively, the study provided a systematic analysis of the VrOSCA family in mung bean. Our results would lay an important foundation for functional and evolutionary analysis of VrOSCAs, and provide promising genes for further investigation of abiotic stress tolerance in mung bean.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Population: A Nationally Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Xiong Yang , Zhang Yangchang , Wen Song , Qin Feng , Yuan Jiuhong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Currently, China has an increasingly aging population. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in this high-risk population for metabolic diseases remains unknown. To investigate the age and gender specific prevalence and associated factors of MetS in Chinese middle-aged and elderly population, we did the study on it. Methods: Data were retrieved from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and subjected to descriptive statistics. Further, univariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the relevant factors, and then multivariate logistic regression was selected to construct the final model. Results: In present study, a total of 10,834 participants were included. The overall prevalence of MetS was 32.97% as defined by International Diabetes Federation and 29.75% under National Cholesterol Education Program - The Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. With aging, prevalence of MetS descended in males, while ascended in females. In the >70 years old group, the prevalence of MetS was three times higher in females than that in males (50.43% versus 16.03%). Across all age groups and sexes, the prevalence of MetS in urban areas was significantly higher than in rural areas. In addition, regardless of gender, the prevalence was highest for those living in the north region (28.41% for males & 51.74% for females) and lowest for those living in the southwest region (13.91% for males & 31.58% for females). Finally, two specific correlates, afternoon nap and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), were identified in present study (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of MetS varied in different age groups, sexes, living areas and regions and was associated with afternoon nap and BUN.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Overweight or Obesity Among Primary and Secondary School Teachers In Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.
Authors: George Johnston Mukiza , Mpogole Zuhura , Mgongo Melina , Mamseri Redempta , Leyaro Beatrice John , Mauka Wilhellmuss , Msuya Sia Emmanuel 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Overweight and obesity are global public health problems. Overweight or obesity is estimated to cause 4 million deaths, 3.9% of all Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) and 3.8% of all Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Overweight or obesity also leads to conditions such as diabetes and hypertension. It has been shown that teachers have a greater occurrence of overweight or obesity than the general population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight or obesity among primary and secondary school teachers and to assess factors associated with these problems in Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania.Methods: This was a cross sectional study in which data was collected using a modified WHO-STEPS Survey tool. Data cleaning and analysis were conducted using STATA version 14.0. Frequency and percentage were used to summarize categorical data while mean/median with their respective measures of dispersion were used to summarize continuous data. The Modified Poisson regression model was used to determine factors associated with overweight or obesity among primary and secondary school teachers. The effect was estimated by Prevalence Ratio with 95% confidence intervals and P-value less than 5% considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 968 teachers were included in this study with median (IQR) age of 37, (32-48) years. Most of the participant were female (69.7%) about (51.6%) were secondary school teachers. Overall, the prevalence of overweight or obesity was 72.7%. Teachers who were 35+ years had a 27% (aPR: 1.27; 95%CI: 1.1 – 1.4; p<0.0001) greater prevalence of overweight or obesity than those below the age of 35. Female teachers had a 43% higher prevalence of overweight or obesity than male teachers (aPR: 1.43; 95%CI: 1.3 – 1.7; p<0.0001). Persons with a positive history of smoking had only 1% higher prevalence of overweight or obesity, however this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The Prevalence of overweight or obesity was high, suggesting the need for early intervention with lifestyle changes among teachers in Moshi Municipal. There is an urgent need to design lifestyle interventions targeting overweight or obesity among teachers - especially female teachers and those aged 35+.
Reproductive tract microbiota of women in childbearing age shifts upon type of gynecological infections and phase in physiological cycle
Authors: Gao Yan , Cheng Lijuan , Xia Qing , Wang Hui , Xie Xiuzhen , Liu Yurong , Shang Heying , Liu Hongyan , Diao Yutao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The association of the normal physiological cycle to the structural pattern of microbiota in reproductive tract of women at reproductive age has not been extensively explored. This study was undertaken to determine whether the vaginal microbes of women at childbearing age is different among groups defined by urogenital tract infections, childbearing history and menstrual cycle, respectively.Results: This was a multiple case-control study of women at childbearing age who were assigned to case or control groups according to their states of urogenital tract infections. The participants were also grouped by childbearing history and menstrual cycle. Samples of vaginal swabs were collected and stored at -70℃ until assayed. The V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA genes were amplified using PCR and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. We tested the hypothesis of whether the relative abundance of microbial species in vaginal microbiota was different between women with different urogenital tract infections, childbearing history and menstrual cycle. We showed that the vaginal microbial richness(Alpha diversity measured by PD_whole tree) was decreased in normal women(without reproductive tract infections) than in those with bacterial vaginosis (BV), and decreased in pregnant women than in other groups of non-pregnancy. Similarly, women from groups of normal and in pregnancy had lower beta diversity on measure of unweighted_unifrac distance in comparison to those of uninfected and non-pregnant. The top 10 genus relative abundance, especially that Lactobacillus was the most dominant genus with the relative abundance of 71.55% among all samples, did not differ significantly between groups of childbearing history and menstrual cycle analyzed by ANOVA and nonparametric kruskal_wallis.Lactobacillus iners and Lactobacillus helveticus have the most abundance, totally account for 97.92% relative abundance of genus Lactobacillus. It is proposed that a higher L.helveticus/L.iners ratio is more likely to present in normal women than in the infected and in pregnant than in non-pregnant, although this comparison lacks statistical significance.Conclusions: The relative abundance of dominant bacterial taxa in vaginal microbial communities of women at childbearing age, characterized with 16S rRNA gene sequence and QIIME based analysis, were not different among groups of childbearing history and menstrual cycle. Women from groups of in pregnancy and without reproductive tract infections had lower alpha and beta diversity. The compositional ratio of the main lactobacillus species may shift depending on the normal physiological cycle and reproductive tract infections.
An ethnobotanical study on the Chuanqing People of China based on an herbal market survey at the Dragon Boat Festival
Authors: Wang Qinghe , Zhao Ling , Gao Chi , Zhao Jiawen , Ren Zixuan , Shen YuXiang , Yao Ruyu , Yin HongXiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The Chuanqing (穿青人) are an ethnic group native to the Guizhou Province of China, with a unique culture and rich knowledge of traditional medicinal plants. The herbal market at the Dragon Boat Festival (DBF) plays an important role in the inheritance of traditional medicinal knowledge among the Chuanqing. This study aims to record the profile of medicinal plants of the Chuanqing, discuss the dilemmas faced by its inheritance and propose strategies. Such information is important for the inheritance and protection of the Chuanqing’s traditional medical knowledge. Methods: Data were collected through key informant interviews, semi-structured interviews and free listing. The collected voucher specimens were identified and deposited in the herbarium. The medicinal plants were compared with the Information System of Chinese Rare and Endangered Plants of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The results were compared with those of the pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China (ChP) and the Quality Standard of TCM, and National Medicine in Guizhou Province (QSG) and traditional medicines of Southeast Asian countries. Data were analyzed with use-value (UV) and cultural importance index (CI) values. Results: A total of 102 species from 53 families and 92 genera were recorded, with Orchidaceae and Asparagaceae (6 species each), Berberidaceae and Asteraceae (5 species each) as the predominant families. Whole plant (36%) was the most common medicinal part. Decoction (44%) was the most common preparation method. Seventy-one investigated human ailments were grouped into 12 categories. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system (34 mentions) were the most frequently mentioned in this study. Moreover, the most frequently used taxon was Hedera sinensis (Tobler) Hand.-Mazz. (UV and CI=0.29). A total of 9 medicinal plants were recorded in the Information System of Chinese Rare and Endangered Plants of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Chuanqing’s medicine had high similarity with ChP and QSG. While it had a high similarity in preparation method, and low similarity in medicinal parts, plant families and disease treatments with traditional medicines in Southeast Asian countries.Conclusions: The traditional herbal market at the DBF is an important platform for communicating traditional medicinal plant knowledge of the Chuanqing. There are some differences and connections between the Chuanqing's medicine, Chinese traditional medicines, and traditional medicines in Southeast Asian countries. The Chuanqing's traditional medicine is facing many difficulties in the inheritance and development. More scientific research and policies planning are needed to solve it. This study highlights the traditional medicinal knowledge of the Chuanqing, providing basic data for further research on and protection of minority medicine.
Optimization of scleroglucan production by Sclerotium rolfsii by lowering pH during fermentation via oxalate metabolic pathway manipulation using CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Bai Tianlong , Wang Teng , Li Yan , Gao Na L , Zhang Lixin , Chen Wei-Hua , Yin Xiushan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Sclerotium rolfsii is a potent producer of many secondary metabolites, one of which like scleroglucan is an exopolysaccharide (EPS) appreciated as a multipurpose compound applicable in many industrial fields.Results Aspartate transaminase (AAT1) catalyzes the interconversion of aspartate and α-ketoglutarate to glutamate and oxaloacetate. We selected AAT1 in the oxalate metabolic pathway as a target of CRISPR/Cas9. Disruption of AAT1 leads to the accumulation of oxalate, rather than its conversion to α-ketoglutarate (AKG). Therefore, AAT1-mutant serves to lower the pH (pH 3–4) so as to increase the production of the pH-sensitive metabolite scleroglucan to 21.03 g L− 1 with a productivity of up to 0.25 g L− 1·h− 1.Conclusions We established a platform for gene editing that could rapidly generate and select mutants to provide a new beneficial strain of S. rolfsii as a scleroglucan hyper-producer, which is expected to reduce the cost of controlling the optimum pH condition in the fermentation industry.