bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth and Productivity of Oats (Avena sativa L.) as Influenced by Fly Ash and Phosphorous Levels in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India
Authors: Dhillon Balwinder Singh , Kaur Mandeep 
Published: August 2021

Background: Dairy farming is one of the oldest and well established subsidiary occupation and most widely adopted by all over farming community of Punjab state. Every farmer, if wish to start any entrepreneurship along with agriculture-First Think upon Dairy Farming. The latest training, new techniques and research work help in making this business work better. There is a need for substantial increase in the current yield of green fodder to provide complete and good quality feed to the animals. The current study aimed to study the effect of fly ash and phosphorous on the growth and fodder and grain yields of dual purpose oats. Methods: Field experiments were conducted at Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda to study the effect of different levels of fly ash and phosphorous on growth and productivity of oats during rabi seasons in 2018-19 and 2019-20. The trial was laid out in split plot design with three levels of fly ash (0, 5 and 10 t ha-1) in main plot and four phosphorous levels (0, 10, 20 and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1) in sub plot, replicated thrice. Result: Fly ash @ 10 t ha-1 recorded highest plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, number of effective tillers/m row length, number of seeds/spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield than control and 5 t ha-1. The per cent increase of grain yield in fly ash @ 10 t ha-1 was 8.69 and 18.11 over 5 t fly ash ha-1 and control, respectively. Phosphorous @ 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 resulted in higher growth characters, yield attributing characters and productivity of oats. Phosphorous @ 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 (21.35 q ha-1) and 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20.87 q ha-1) treatments produced statistically similar grain yield of oats. Phosphorous @ 20 and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 recorded 20.29 and 23.05% higher grain yield than 0 kg P2O5 ha-1, respectively. Application of P2O5 @ 40 kg ha-1 along with application of fly ash @ 5 and 10 t ha-1 produced statistically similar fodder yield of oats. The highest grain yield (22.97 q ha-1) was recorded in plots treated with the application of P2O5 @ 40 kg ha-1 along with the application of fly ash @ 10 t ha-1 and it was statistically at par with 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 and application of fly ash @ 10 t ha-1. The highest grain yield (22.97 q ha-1) was recorded in plots applied with P2O5 @ 40 kg ha-1 along with fly ash @ 10 t ha-1 and it was statistically at par with 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 and fly ash @ 10 t ha-1.
The Bolshevik myth of October 1917
Authors: Ciesielski Stanisław 
Published: August 2021

Bolshevik mythology presented the events of October 1917 as an effect of the operating laws of history, i.e. a necessary phenomenon through which the sense of history manifested, and, at the same time, as an effect of the activity of the masses led by the Bolshevik Party, an act in the power struggle. The Bolshevik myth of October 1917 was a founding myth; it created an impression that there had come a “new era in the history of humankind”, ending “all forms of exploitation”. It legitimised the government established at the time as one rooted in the revolution opening this new era and representing the most profound interests of a class that was to abolish the most tragic division in the history of humankind — class division. The myth of October had to have its collective and individual heroes. From this point of view its content was described in the most succinct manner by the following formula: the Great October Socialist Revolution was carried out by the working class allied with the poor peasantry led by the Bolshevik Party headed by Lenin. The cult of Lenin was primarily a cult of a victorious revolution and party leader that had led the masses to a triumph. Almost identical formulas were used by Stalin, Khrushchev and Gorbachev. However, the real heroes of the revolution were the Bolshevik themselves, their party and their leaders. In Stalinist times the main protagonist of the October myth was the “Bolshevik Party of Lenin-Stalin”. The leading role in the party became a crucial element of Bolshevik mythology, independent of political transformations and turns in the USSR.
GAMBARAN PATOLOGI HEPAR IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) YANG DIPAPAR LOGAM TIMBAL NITRAT Pb(NO3)2
Authors: Dellavia Yolanda , Widiyatno Thomas Valentinus , Setiawan Boedi , Arimbi Arimbi , Poernomo Bambang , Dhamayanti Yeni 
Published: August 2021

This research aimed to know the changed damage of liver African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were exposed by lead nitrat. This study used twenty four of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) with average weight of 20-25 grams, size 10-12 cm, age ± two months. This research was designed by a completely randomized design (CRD). All member of population of the African catfish were divided into six groups, consist of six repetitions each, namely P1, P2, P3, and P0 as a negative control respectively. P1 was given with dosage of lead nitrat 7,26 mg/liter, P2 was given with dosage of lead nitrat 14,53 mg/liter, and P3 was given with dosage of lead nitrat 29,06 mg/liter. According to the macroscopic observed, show that liver became swollen and pale. The histopathological features of hepar were examined under light microscope in 400 times magnification. Scoring method were using Bernet Scoring Method to examined the presence of degeneretion, congesti, necrotic, and infiltration of leukocyte. Then, Kruskal-Wallis test through with Mann-Whitney test of statistical analysis. The statistical analysis showed the median number of P0 (0,05), P1 (0,45), P2 (1,10), and P3 (1,40) respectively. From the result can be concluded lead exposure with dose 29,06 mg/liter severe which was heavily histopatological in hepatocytes cell of african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) liver.
Five-Tier Geometrical Optics Test Feasibility to Identify Misconception and the Causes in High School Students
Authors: Salmadhia Farah , Rusnayati Heni , Liliawati Winny 
Published: August 2021

This research aimed to test the feasibility of a geometrical optics instrument to identify the misconception and its causes. The instruments used in this research were question validation sheet and five-tier geometrical optics test (FIGOT) with 14 items of questions and consisted of 48 concepts tested. FIGOT obtained from the existing four-tier test research before which was then modified by adding one more tier about the causes of misconception. FIGOT validated by six experts, in which one the aspect assessed was the suitability of the items with alternative conceptions. The analysis of construct validity tested using CVR (almost all items have a CVRAverage value of ≥ 0.67) and the reliability was using Cronbach’s Alpha (r ≥ 0.62 for each or both tier). The identification results processed using CDQ (Confidence Discrimination Quotient). The study was conducted in two public high schools located in Bandung and two public high schools located in Jakarta with 109 students (34 males and 75 females). The result showed that most senior high school students still experienced misconceptions related to the topic of geometrical optics, 17 misconceptions from 48 concepts about geometrical optics. The biggest percentage was 81% and CPM (Confidence of Percentage Misconception) was 4,75 about plane mirror. The most dominant causes of misconception in the material of geometrical optics were due to teachers, school books, and internet. The results of the FIGOT feasibility test showed that the items of questions were possible to use to identify misconceptions and the causes of misconceptions on optical geometry.
Developing Double Walls System to Improve Building Energy Performances in Dry Tropical Climates
Authors: MALBILA Etienne , ZOMA Fati , TOGUYENI David Y. K. , COMPAORE Chris-veenem Methushael , BATHIEBO Dieudonné Joseph 
Published: August 2021

This paper deals with building envelope thermal performance through a comparative study of the use of two types of construction materials, such as CEB and cement blocks, in order to introduce the use of double walls in sustainable buildings' construction. The building envelope participates in providing thermal comfort to users and in the optimal management of building energy consumption. This study begins with a survey of public preferences for building materials used in Burkina Faso. The results indicate that 76% of the people surveyed opt for cement blocks over local materials. Concerning the thermal and specific energy performance, three variants of building envelope were studied: CEB walls, cement blocks and the double-wall (CEB + Cement blocks). It appears that the CEB walls are more efficient than the cement block walls. The introduction of double envelopes leads to the thermal resistance of 357.37m².K/W and reduces the heat flow from 85.32% to 90.24% compared to the wall made with CEB and cement blocks. This approach, which consists in mixing construction materials for good thermal insulation, allows improving the envelope thermal performance and the overall building energy performance.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA ANTIOKSIDAN 2-ETILHEKSIL-4-METOKSISINAMAT DARI EKSTRAK BIJI ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill.)
Authors: Rachman Fauzy , Septiana Eris , Damayanti Rika , Yadi NFN , Hapsari Yatri , Rahmawati Siti Irma , Izzati Fauzia Nurul , Bustanussalam NFN , Simanjuntak Partomuan 
Published: August 2021

<em><span lang="EN-US">Avocado (</span></em><span lang="EN-US">Persea americana</span><em><span lang="EN-US"> Mill.) is a plant widely found in tropical regions such as Indonesia. Currently, people only consume the avocado flesh and dispose of the seed. This study aimed to examine the antioxidant activity, isolate and identify the active antioxidant structure from avocado seed extracts. The trial was conducted from January to June 2021 at the Chemical Laboratory of Natural Substance, Research Center for Biotechnology, LIPI. The avocado fruit used in this research was obtained from Cibitung Central Market, Bekasi. The solvents used in the extraction were n-hexane, ethyl acetate, 96% ethanol, and water with multilevel extraction. Antioxidant activity was tested using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical method. The structure of the active compound was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and GCMS. The 96% ethanol extract had the highest antioxidant activity with EtOH.4.3.1 isolate as the most active antioxidant isolate with IC50 23,07±1,63 μg.ml-1. The identification results of isolate EtOH.4.3.1 of avocado seed extract with UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, and GCMS indicated 2-Ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate acting as an antioxidant. Further analysis with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometry of protons and carbon is required to determine the number and position of protons and carbon in the chemical structure.</span></em>
Challenges and potential approaches for soil recovery in iron open pit mines and waste piles
Authors: Guedes Rafael Silva , Ramos Sílvio Junio , Gastauer Markus , Júnior Cecílio Frois Caldeira , Martins Gabriel Caixeta , Júnior Wilson da Rocha Nascimento , de Souza-Filho Pedro Walfir Martins , Siqueira José Oswaldo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The revegetation of areas impacted by iron mining may be hampered by a series of chemical and physical impediments exhibited by those areas. Physical problems, such as penetration resistance and steep slopes, may outweigh the chemical problems, such that both should be considered for soil recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the main soil attributes that are directly related to plant growth on areas affected by iron mining activities discussing possible solutions. For this purpose, chemical and physical attributes including penetration resistance on open pit mines, waste piles and native forest in Carajás Mineral Province were analysed. The results show that the open pits had low to medium levels of P and low levels of organic matter and of the micronutrients B, Zn and Cu. In the waste piles, the chemical parameters were less hindering than in the open pits. Soil penetration resistance in open pits was higher than in the waste piles and the forest; however, there was a reduction of up to 69% in soil resistance in open pits in the rainy season. The principal chemical problems observed in mine pits can be easily corrected, although the inclination of open pit slopes in combination with elevated soil density increase the risks of losses of fertilizers and seeds by runoff. Penetration resistance is the most serious problem for the development of plants in mine pits, although the use of irrigation water can help to maintain tolerable levels of resistance in soil for proper root growth of native species.
Spatial Optimization of Photovoltaic-Based Hydrogen-Electricity Supply Chain through an Integrated Geographical Information System and Mathematical Modelling Approach
Authors: Mah Angel Xin Yee , Ho Wai Shin , Hassim Mimi H. , Hashim Haslenda , Muis Zarina Ab , Ling Gabriel Hoh Teck , Ho Chin Siong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Hydrogen is a potential energy carrier for renewables that has a clean emission during the point of use. To implement hydrogen energy system in large-scale, a comprehensive hydrogen supply network should be built to supply the hydrogen with optimal infrastructure arrangement. Although the optimization of hydrogen supply chain has been extensively studied, the investigation of an integrated hydrogen-electricity supply chain is still lacking. Considering the interconvertibility of hydrogen and electricity, this study presents a spatial optimization framework that integrates geographical information system with mathematical modelling for the design and optimization of a photovoltaic-based hydrogen-electricity supply chain. The proposed framework allows the concurrent targeting of vehicle fuel and electricity demands as well as the identification of suitable locations for supply chain infrastructures. Case study results showed that the minimum cost of hydrogen-electricity supply chain is about 14.9 billion USD/y assuming two days of autonomy, and the cost of battery constitutes 43% of the total supply chain cost. When the days of autonomy is 8 and above, electricity storage in the form of hydrogen and reconversion through fuel cell is preferred.
Atypical Presentations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Cerebral Venous Thrombosis and Generalized Lymphadenopathy without Antiphospholipid Antibodies: Case Report
Authors: Wang Xinye Serena , Magnuson William , Behl Pearl , Koval Dmitrii 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Atypical presentations of systemic lupus erythematosus SLE) with features outside of the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria can make the diagnosis of SLE elusive. Case Presentation: We describe a case of a healthy 31-year old female who presented with syncope preceded by progressive headache, serositis, and generalized lymphadenopathy. CT-head and MR-venogram confirmed a cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Subsequent workup revealed high titers of antinuclear (ANA), anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), anti-Smith (anti-Sm) antibodies, as well as low complement levels, lymphopenia and neutropenia. Diagnosis of SLE was confirmed by SLICC classification criteria. Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) were negative. While in hospital, she sustained a seizure secondary to the CVT. Conclusion: We discuss considerations for atypical SLE presentations by CVT (without APLA syndrome) and generalized lymphadenopathy, and the nuances of SLE diagnosis using existing classification criteria.
Can the prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid reduce the blood loss after robotic assisted radical prostatectomy? RARPEX (Robotic Assisted Radical Prostatectomy with TranEXamic acid): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (SPIRIT Compliant)
Authors: Balik Michal , Kosina Josef , Husek Petr , Pacovsky Jaroslav , Brodak Milos , Čečka Filip 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid reduces the blood loss during procedures at high risk of perioperative bleeding. Several studies in neurosurgery, cardiac surgery, and orthopedics confirmed this finding. The aim of this prospective, double-blind, randomized study is to evaluate the effect of tranexamic acid on peri-and postoperative blood loss and on the incidence and severity of complications.Methods / DesignBased on the results of our pilot study, we decided to conduct this prospective, double-blind, randomized trial to confirm preliminary data. The primary end-point is to analyze the effect of tranexamic acid on perioperative and postoperative blood loss (decrease in hemoglobin levels) in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. The secondary end-point is to analyze the effect of tranexamic acid on postoperative complications. Additional end-point is to confirm the safety of tranexamic acid in robotic assisted radical prostatectomy.DiscussionNo study to date has tested the prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid in the beginning of robotic assisted radical prostatectomy. This study is designed to answer the question whether it might lower the blood loss after the procedure or increase the rate and severity of complications.Trial registrationThe trial was prospectively registered under title "Can the Prophylactic Administration of Tranexamic Acid Reduce Blood Loss After Robotic-assisted Radical Prostatectomy? (RARPEX)" on 25th March 2020 at ClinicalTrials.gov with the registration number NCT04319614.
Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on aggressive behavior in children with ADHD and emotion dysregulation: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Vacher Cécile , Romo Lucia , Purper-Ouakil Diane 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
• Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is frequently associated with emotional dysregulation (ED). ED is characterized by excessive and inappropriate emotional reactions compared to social norms, uncontrolled and rapid shifts in emotion, and attention focused on emotional stimuli. Few studies have evaluated non-pharmacological interventions to improve ED in children with ADHD. The current randomized controlled trial assesses the efficacy of a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) intervention compared with a theater-based intervention (TBI) in children with ADHD and ED. • Methods: Sixty-eight 7 to 13-year-old children with ADHD and ED will be recruited and randomly assigned to the CBT or TBI group. CBT aims to reduce ED by teaching anger management strategies. TBI seeks to reduce ED by improving emotion understanding and expression through mimics and movement. In both groups, children participate in 15 one-hour sessions, and parents participate in 8 sessions of a parent management program. The primary outcome measure is the change in the “Aggression” sub-score of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Secondary outcome measures include overall impairment (Children’s Global Assessment Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), personality profile (Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children), executive function (Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function), quality of life (Kidscreen-27), parental stress (Parenting Stress Index, 4th edition), parental depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), and impact of child disorders on the quality of the family life (Parental Quality of Life and Developmental Disorder). • Discussion: Children with ADHD and ED are at risk of functional impairment and poor outcomes, and have specific therapeutic needs. This randomized controlled trial wants to assess non-pharmacological treatment options for this population. • Trial registration:Clinicaltrials.gov. Number: NCT03176108. Registered on June 5, 2017
Optimised method for normal range estimation of standardized uptake values (SUVmax, SUVmean) in liver SPECT/CT images with somatostatin analogue 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC (Tektrotyd).
Authors: Piwowarska-Bilska Hanna , Kurkowska Sara , Birkenfeld Bozena 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background99mTc-HYNIC-TOC (Tektrotyd) is a radiopharmaceutical used for the diagnosis of lesions with overexpression of somatostatin receptors. The purpose of this study was to optimise the method and estimate normal ranges for standardized uptake values of Tektrotyd in healthy livers. MethodsAn analysis of SUVs normal ranges was performed for images acquired in a selected “healthy group” of 42 patients evaluated for NET tumours. The “pathological group” comprised 20 patients with liver lesions detected by scintigraphic imaging. Normal ranges for radiopharmaceutical uptake values were estimated based on the quantitative analysis of images acquired with a GE Healthcare NM/CT 850 gamma camera.ResultsThe method for healthy liver segmentation in SPECT/CT was optimized. The normal range of SUVs for the liver was: SUVbw max [5.2-14.0] g/ml and SUVlbm max [3.5-9.5] g/ml. The relative standard error (relative SE) of activity concentration estimated in the phantom study for the largest hot spheres was: ϕ=37mm- 5.9%, ϕ=28mm- 7.1%, ϕ=22mm- 11.4%, and ϕ=17mm- 22%.Conclusions· Segmentation in the mid-coronal CT image, at one-fourth of the height of the liver measured from the top, with a medium-sized VOI outlined on a given transverse SPECT slice was regarded as the optimal method for estimating normal ranges for standardized uptake values.· It is necessary to standardise quantification methods in the SPECT/CT studies. Our work is a step forward in obtaining standardisation of SPECT/CT SUV calculation methods.· Calculations for radiopharmaceutical uptake in tumours with volumes smaller than 5 ml are biased with a significant measurement error.
Effectiveness And Safety of Acupotomy For Knee Osteoarthritis: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cheng Wu-Zhong , Li Tian-Li , Guo Ren , Chen Ping , Du Wei-Shuai , Kang Si-Bo , Yan Ming-Zhe , Li Shu-Ming 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders. Acupotomy may be effective for KOA, but evidence is limited. The aim of this trial is to determine the effectiveness and safety of acupotomy for KOA.Methods/design: This is a parallel-group, assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. Two hundred patients with KOA will be recruited and randomly assigned to two groups (group A or group D) in a 1:1 ratio. Patients in group A will receive acupotomy and topical diclofenac diethylamine for 4 weeks, while patients in group D will receive topical diclofenac diethylamine alone for 4 weeks. The primary outcome will be the response rate—the proportion of patients who achieve the minimal clinically important improvement in pain and function at week 4 compared with baseline. Secondary outcomes will include pain, function, quality of life, the use of rescue medicine (loxoprofen sodium) and adverse events at weeks 4, 8 and 24 after randomization. Besides, joint fluid and serum will be collected to assess the level of inflammatory cytokines, like TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-3.Discussion: This study will contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness and safety of acupotomy in combination with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Results of the study will be of great importance for the guidelines of clinical therapy.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2100043005, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=121348) Registered on 4 February 2021.