bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of general practitioners’ awareness of depression and anxiety with change in quality of life in heart failure patients: results of the prospective observational RECODE-HF cohort study
Authors: Eisele Marion , Rakebrandt Anja , Boczor Sigrid , Blozik Eva , Träder Jens-Martin , Störk Stefan , Herrmann-Lingen Christoph , Scherer Martin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Depression and anxiety are more prevalent in patients with heart failure (HF) than in the general population and reduce quality of life (QoL); therefore, clinical guidelines recommend screening HF patients for depression/anxiety.

Objective
We investigated, whether the general practitioners’ (GPs) awareness of patients’ symptoms of depression and/or anxiety (psychosocial distress) was associated with a change in QoL.

Methods
In this prospective observational study, we recruited 3,129 primary care HF patients in Germany. Patients completed baseline and 12-month follow-up questionnaires. Their GPs were interviewed. We identified 666 patients with psychosocial distress and compared 2 groups by analysis of covariance: 235 patients with psychosocial distress whose GP was aware of the psychosocial distress and 431 patients with psychosocial distress whose GP was unaware of such distress. Primary outcome was the change in QoL, assessed by the EQ-5D visual analogue scale.

Results
Patients with psychosocial distress showed lower baseline QoL than those without (45.9 vs 64.1; P &lt; 0.001). Within the patients with psychosocial distress, the GPs’ awareness of psychosocial distress was not associated with improvement of QoL (F = 1.285; P = 0.258) or remission of psychosocial distress (odds ratio = 0.887; P = 0.608).

Conclusion
We found no association between the GPs’ awareness of psychosocial distress and change in QoL. Although data for effective treatments of depression in HF are currently insufficient, psychosocial distress strongly impairs the QoL in HF patients. These findings might influence the development of clinical practice guidelines in HF.
Decrease of MYPT1 Is Critical for Impairment of NO-mediated Vasodilation in Mesenteric Artery of the Older Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Cui Yiqin , Yang Liju , Liu Xiaoqin , Che Chang , Cheng Jun , Li Pengyun , Wen Jing , Yang Yan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilatation is a fundamental response of vasculature, however, regulation of NO signaling pathway on resistance vessels in the older adult with hypertension is still unclear. The 16-week-spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the 18-month-SHR (OldSHR), and the age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats were used to study the changes of mesenteric resistance artery dilatation caused by sodium nitroprusside (SNP). After pre-vasoconstriction by norepinephrine (NE), the response of endothelium-denuded mesenteric artery ring to SNP was observed, and the changes in vascular response after pharmacological interventions of key nodes in the NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG1α signaling pathway were observed as well. RNA sequencing and functional enrichment analyses were used to provide information for conducting validation experiments. Vasodilation of NO in OldSHR was decreased, which significantly correlated with the reduction of PKG-mediated effect. Functional enrichment analysis of RNA sequencing showed that genes encoding important proteins such as sGC and MYPT1 (protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A) were downregulated in OldSHR. Molecular biology validation results showed that mRNA expression of both α and β subunits of sGC were reduced, while mRNA and protein expression of PKG1α were reduced in OldSHR. More importantly, the expression of MYPT1 and pS668-MYPT1 was significantly reduced in OldSHR, even under the treatment of SNP. The experiment also revealed an enhanced cAMP system in vasodilation in hypertension, while this function was completely lost in the OldSHR. Therefore, an NO-mediated decrease in vascular smooth muscle relaxation was found in the OldSHR. The dysfunction in cGMP-PKG signaling, in particular, decreased pS668-MYPT1 was mechanistically involved.
Patterns of Prevalence of Multiple Sensory Impairments Among Community-dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Armstrong Nicole M , Wang Hang , E Jian-Yu , Lin Frank R , Abraham Alison G , Ramulu Pradeep , Resnick Susan M , Tian Qu , Simonsick Eleanor , Gross Alden L , Schrack Jennifer A , Ferrucci Luigi , Agrawal Yuri 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Much is known about individual sensory deficits among older adults, but there is a dearth of information about the prevalence of multiple concurrent sensory deficits in this population.

Methods
We evaluated the prevalence of individual and multiple sensory impairments at the most recent clinic visit among participants aged 24 years and older in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) (hearing, vision, olfaction, proprioception, and vestibular function) and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) (hearing, vision, olfaction). We compared observed prevalence of multiple sensory impairments with expected prevalence based on compounded probabilities of multiple impairments using Fisher Exact Tests. Also, we evaluated the comparability of different measures used between these two studies.

Results
In both studies, the prevalence of each individual sensory impairment was common (&gt;10%), and higher with older age, and the most common pattern of co-occurring sensory impairments was hearing and visual impairments (17.4% [BLSA]; 50.2% [ARIC]). In BLSA, the pattern that differed the most between observed and expected prevalence was combined hearing, vision, and olfactory impairments (observed 5.2% vs 1.4% expected, p = .01). In ARIC, this difference was much smaller (observed 8.1% vs 7.2% expected, p = .49).

Conclusions
Although concurrent hearing and vision impairments were the most common co-occurring deficits, combined hearing, vision, and olfactory impairments are most likely to co-occur above chance, especially at older ages.
Detecting Risk of Neglect in NSHAP Round 3 Using New Follow-Up Questions to Activities of Daily Living Measures
Authors: Howe Melissa J K , Choi Kyung Won , Piedra Lissette M , Zhong Selena , Pierce Grey , Cook Soren C , Ramirez Randy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Elder neglect is a type of elder abuse wherein an older adult’s basic needs remain unmet through negligence. The risk of neglect and its harmful consequences coincides with the need for care that arises with difficulties completing activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). In this paper, we describe how new questions included in Round 3 (2015–2016) of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP-R3) can help detect the risk of elder neglect.

Methods
Based on the 2,340 respondents who indicated problems with at least one ADL or IADL, we categorized respondents as at a higher risk of neglect if they were either: (a) not getting wanted help (WANTHELP) or (b) getting help from an undependable caregiver (UNRELIABLE). We tested the external validity of these indicators by examining their association with NSHAP-R3 measures of physical and mental health, personal hygiene, home tidiness, social support, and elder mistreatment, using t tests and chi-square tests.

Results
Those labeled higher neglect risk based on the WANTHELP variable showed significantly worse self-rated physical health, personal hygiene, room tidiness, mental health, partner support, family support, and elder mistreatment. The same correlates were significantly associated with higher neglect risk based on the UNRELIABLE variable, except for self-rated physical health, personal hygiene, and room tidiness.

Discussion
Findings suggest that these new measures can be useful for identifying NSHAP respondents who are at risk of types of neglect that can be associated with having I/ADL limitations.
Biallelic gephyrin variants lead to impaired GABAergic inhibition in a patient with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Macha Arthur , Liebsch Filip , Fricke Steffen , Hetsch Florian , Neuser Franziska , Johannes Lena , Kress Vanessa , Djémié Tania , Santamaria-Araujo Jose A , Vilain Catheline , Aeby Alec , Van Bogaert Patrick , Dejanovic Borislav , Weckhuysen Sarah , Meier Jochen C , Schwarz Guenter 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Synaptic inhibition is essential for shaping the dynamics of neuronal networks, and aberrant inhibition is linked to epilepsy. Gephyrin (Geph) is the principal scaffolding protein at inhibitory synapses and is essential for postsynaptic clustering of glycine (GlyRs) and GABA type A receptors. Consequently, gephyrin is crucial for maintaining the relationship between excitation and inhibition in normal brain function and mutations in the gephyrin gene (GPHN) are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and epilepsy. We identified bi-allelic variants in the GPHN gene, namely the missense mutation c.1264G &gt; A and splice acceptor variant c.1315-2A &gt; G, in a patient with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. We demonstrate that the splice acceptor variant leads to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Furthermore, the missense variant (D422N) alters gephyrin structure, as examined by analytical size exclusion chromatography and circular dichroism-spectroscopy, thus leading to reduced receptor clustering and sensitivity towards calpain-mediated cleavage. In addition, both alterations contribute to an observed reduction of inhibitory signal transmission in neurons, which likely contributes to the pathological encephalopathy.
Study of the thermal performance of water-soaked porous wall under a tropical climate
Authors: Sudprasert Sudaporn , Jaroensen Pornchai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The effects of water-soaked porous wall on the reduction of air temperature and cooled air distribution in adjacent rooms are not yet understood. This paper examines the thermal performance of water-soaked porous wall based on field experiments and analysis of humidified cooled air in adjacent spaces by using a computational fluid dynamic model. The results indicated that two rows of porous pipes are capable of reducing ambient air temperature by 2.2°C with a cooling capacity of 372.5–1792.7 W/m2. The simulation results at a wind velocity of 0.70 m/s showed that cooled air is distributed in the room up to 3.2 m away from the porous wall and mostly accumulated on the room’s floor.
Eight years of antibiotic consumption at a primary care outpatient facility in Trinidad and Tobago 2011–18: a synopsis of consumption trends
Authors: Khan Raveed , Gangar Misty , Gangar Melanie , Motilal Shastri 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo explore antibiotic consumption and surveillance patterns in Trinidad and Tobago.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted. Stock requisition and logbooks from a District Health Facility in Trinidad were examined for the period 2011–18. Daily Defined Doses (DDDs) for each antibiotic were computed and extrapolated to represent the antibiotic consumption per 1000 residents within the population.ResultsThe mean consumption across the years was 2.917 DDD per 1000 residents per day. The most consumed antibiotics were cefuroxime, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and azithromycin, with mean DDDs of 0.879, 0.695 and 0.373 respectively. The least consumed antibiotics were cefaclor and clarithromycin, with DDDs of 0.0006 and 0.0005, respectively.ConclusionsTrinidad and Tobago is not mentioned in the WHO surveillance report on antibiotic consumption. Our most recent (2018) estimate of total antibiotic consumption was 3.224 DDD per 1000 habitants per day. This figure is an underestimate, as data was derived solely from the public sector. Notwithstanding, this data is novel and can provide a baseline for future comparison and development of national surveillance programmes.
Characterization of bacterial DNA identified in abscessed and non-abscessed bovine hepatic tissue at the time of harvest
Authors: Stotz Miranda K , Henry Darren D , Crossland Whitney L 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBacteriological characterization of bovine liver abscesses has been accomplished by cultural methods but DNA methods are still needed, as many bacteria are not conducive to laboratory culture. In addition to this gap in research, there have been no studies which identify the bacterial presence within healthy, non-abscessed liver tissue. The objective of this study was to compare the bacteriome of both abscessed and non-abscessed bovine livers in an observational case–control study design. Fifty-six livers, obtained from Holstein steers, were scored according to a modified Elanco liver abscess score description where A− was partitioned into active abscesses or scarred where only scars were present. Parenchyma tissue was collected from non-abscessed livers (n = 22) and scarred livers (n = 7), and purulent material was collected from abscessed livers (n = 24), and DNA was extracted for 16s rRNA gene sequence-based bacterial analysis. Across liver samples, 21 total phyla were identified with a mean of 14. Predominant phyla, accounting for &gt;98% of reads, were Fusobacteria (51.7%), Bacteroidetes (26.9%), Proteobacteria (8.03%), Firmicutes (5.39%), Cyanobacteria (3.85%), and Actinobacteria (2.21%). Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Firmicutes were greater in non-abscessed and scarred livers, whereas Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes prevailed in abscessed livers. Non-abscessed livers shared 3,059 operational taxonomic units (OTU) with abscessed livers (total OTU of all livers = 4,167), but non-abscessed livers had greater richness and evenness, whereas abscessed livers had greater dominance (P ≤ 0.0014). Liver score affected the relative abundance of OTU (R = 0.463; P = 0.001) but abscessed livers shared ≥ 40% similarity and were not different from each other (P ≥ 0.370). Of the predominant OTU (top 10 as a % of reads), three OTU (Fusobacteria necrophorum, Bacteroides spp., and Trueperella pyogenes) were shared across both abscessed and non-abscessed livers. Fusobacterium necrophorum was the dominant OTU regardless of liver score, and the single most abundant OTU, even among non-abscessed livers. We describe bacterial DNA detected in non-abscessed bovine liver tissue for the first time, which indicates possible presence of viable bacteria with pathogenic potential in apparently healthy liver tissue.
No champagne for ‘Champanillo’: the protection of PDOs and PGIs against evocation for services
Authors: Vrins Olivier 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Court of Justice of the European Union, C-783/19, Comité Interprofessionnel du Vin de Champagne v GB, EU:C:2021:713, 9 September 2021
In its judgment of 9 September 2021 in case C-783/19, the Court of Justice of the European Union essentially clarified whether the use for services of a sign that constitutes an evocation of a protected designation of origin (‘PDO’) and protected geographical indication (‘PGI’) and exploits this PDO’s/PGI’s reputation is prohibited under EU law, and what the factors are that need to be considered for assessing the existence of an evocation in such a situation.
Identifying resonances of the Galactic bar in Gaia DR2: II. Clues from angle space
Authors: Trick Wilma H 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The Milky Way disc exhibits intricate orbit substructure of still debated dynamical origin. The angle variables (θϕ, θR) – which are conjugates to the actions (L$z$, JR), and describe a star’s location along its orbit – are a powerful diagnostic to identify l:m resonances via the orbit shape relation ΔθR/Δθϕ = −m/l. In the past, angle signatures have been hidden by survey selection effects (SEs). Using test particle simulations of a barred galaxy, we demonstrate that Gaia should allow us to identify the Galactic bar’s outer Lindblad resonance (OLR;l = +1, m = 2) in angle space. We investigate strategies to overcome SEs. In the angle data of the Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) sample, we independently identify four candidates for the OLR and therefore for the pattern speed Ωbar. The strongest candidate, Ωbar ∼ 1.4Ω0, positions the OLR above the ‘Sirius’ moving group, agrees with measurements from the Galactic Centre, and might be supported by higher order resonances around the ‘Hercules/Horn’. But it misses the classic orbit orientation flip, as discussed in the companion study on actions. The candidate Ωbar ∼ 1.2Ω0 was also suggested by the action-based study, has the OLR at the ‘Hat’, is consistent with slow bar models, but still affected by SEs. Weaker candidates are Ωbar = 1.6Ω0 and 1.74Ω0. In addition, we show that the stellar angles do not support the ‘Hercules/Horn’ being created by the OLR of a fast bar. We conclude that – to resolve if ‘Sirius’ or ‘Hat’ is related to the bar’s OLR – more complex dynamical explanations and more extended data with well-behaved SEs are required.
Cosmological structure formation in scalar field dark matter with repulsive self-interaction: the incredible shrinking Jeans mass
Authors: Shapiro Paul R , Dawoodbhoy Taha , Rindler-Daller Tanja 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Scalar field dark matter (SFDM) comprised of ultralight (≳ 10−22 eV) bosons is an alternative to standard, collisionless cold dark matter (CDM) that is CDM-like on large scales but inhibits small-scale structure formation. As a Bose–Einstein condensate, its free-field (‘fuzzy’) limit (FDM) suppresses structure below the de Broglie wavelength, λdeB, creating virialized haloes with central cores of radius ∼ λdeB, surrounded by CDM-like envelopes, and a halo mass function (HMF) with a sharp cut-off on small scales. With a strong enough repulsive self-interaction (SI), structure is inhibited, instead, below the Thomas–Fermi (TF) radius, RTF (the size of an SI-pressure-supported (n = 1)-polytrope), when RTF &gt; λdeB. Previously, we developed tools to describe SFDM dynamics on scales above λdeB and showed that SFDM-TF haloes formed by Jeans-unstable collapse from non-cosmological initial conditions have RTF-sized cores, surrounded by CDM-like envelopes. Revisiting SFDM-TF in the cosmological context, we simulate halo formation by cosmological infall and collapse, and derive its transfer function from linear perturbation theory to produce cosmological initial conditions and predict statistical measures of structure formation, such as the HMF. Since FDM and SFDM-TF transfer functions both have small-scale cut-offs, we can align them to let observational constraints on FDM proxy for SFDM-TF, finding FDM with particle masses 1 ≲ m/(10−22 eV/c2) ≲ 30 corresponds to SFDM-TF with 10 ≳ RTF/(1 pc) ≳ 1, favouring subgalactic (sub-kpc) core size. The SFDM-TF HMF cuts off gradually, however, leaving more small-mass haloes: Its Jeans mass shrinks so fast that scales filtered early can still recover and grow!
The structural and functional workings of KEOPS
Authors: Beenstock Jonah , Sicheri Frank 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
KEOPS (Kinase, Endopeptidase and Other Proteins of Small size) is a five-subunit protein complex that is highly conserved in eukaryotes and archaea and is essential for the fitness of cells and for animal development. In humans, mutations in KEOPS genes underlie Galloway–Mowat syndrome, which manifests in severe microcephaly and renal dysfunction that lead to childhood death. The Kae1 subunit of KEOPS catalyzes the universal and essential tRNA modification N6-threonylcarbamoyl adenosine (t6A), while the auxiliary subunits Cgi121, the kinase/ATPase Bud32, Pcc1 and Gon7 play a supporting role. Kae1 orthologs are also present in bacteria and mitochondria but function in distinct complexes with proteins that are not related in structure or function to the auxiliary subunits of KEOPS. Over the past 15 years since its discovery, extensive study in the KEOPS field has provided many answers towards understanding the roles that KEOPS plays in cells and in human disease and how KEOPS carries out these functions. In this review, we provide an overview into recent advances in the study of KEOPS and illuminate exciting future directions.
Negative DNA supercoiling makes protein-mediated looping deterministic and ergodic within the bacterial doubling time
Authors: Yan Yan , Xu Wenxuan , Kumar Sandip , Zhang Alexander , Leng Fenfei , Dunlap David , Finzi Laura 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Protein-mediated DNA looping is fundamental to gene regulation and such loops occur stochastically in purified systems. Additional proteins increase the probability of looping, but these probabilities maintain a broad distribution. For example, the probability of lac repressor-mediated looping in individual molecules ranged 0–100%, and individual molecules exhibited representative behavior only in observations lasting an hour or more. Titrating with HU protein progressively compacted the DNA without narrowing the 0–100% distribution. Increased negative supercoiling produced an ensemble of molecules in which all individual molecules more closely resembled the average. Furthermore, in only 12 min of observation, well within the doubling time of the bacterium, most molecules exhibited the looping probability of the ensemble. DNA supercoiling, an inherent feature of all genomes, appears to impose time-constrained, emergent behavior on otherwise random molecular activity.
The UCSC Genome Browser database: 2022 update
Authors: Lee Brian T , Barber Galt P , Benet-Pagès Anna , Casper Jonathan , Clawson Hiram , Diekhans Mark , Fischer Clay , Gonzalez Jairo Navarro , Hinrichs Angie S , Lee Christopher M , Muthuraman Pranav , Nassar Luis R , Nguy Beagan , Pereira Tiana , Perez Gerardo , Raney Brian J , Rosenbloom Kate R , Schmelter Daniel , Speir Matthew L , Wick Brittney D , Zweig Ann S , Haussler David , Kuhn Robert M , Haeussler Maximilian , Kent W James 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The UCSC Genome Browser, https://genome.ucsc.edu, is a graphical viewer for exploring genome annotations. The website provides integrated tools for visualizing, comparing, analyzing, and sharing both publicly available and user-generated genomic datasets. Data highlights this year include a collection of easily accessible public hub assemblies on new organisms, now featuring BLAT alignment and PCR capabilities, and new and updated clinical tracks (gnomAD, DECIPHER, CADD, REVEL). We introduced a new Track Sets feature and enhanced variant displays to aid in the interpretation of clinical data. We also added a tool to rapidly place new SARS-CoV-2 genomes in a global phylogenetic tree enabling researchers to view the context of emerging mutations in our SARS-CoV-2 Genome Browser. Other new software focuses on usability features, including more informative mouseover displays and new fonts.