bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
КРИТЕРИИ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ОТТИСКОВ ОДНОЙ МАТРИЦЫ НА ДОНЦАХ ДРЕВНЕРУССКОЙ КРУГОВОЙ КЕРАМИКИ ВЛАДИМИРА
Authors: А.Г. Лапшин 
Published: November 2021

Рельефные изображения на донцах древнерусской круговой керамики представляют собой довольно многочисленную группу материалов археологического изучения поселений Восточной Европы. Условно эти изображения называются «гончарными клеймами». Настоящая публикация представляет опыт трасологического изучения гончарных клейм на донцах древнерусской круговой керамики Владимира с целью выявления критериев идентификации оттисков одной матрицы-инталии.
Relief images on the bottoms of Medieval Russia wheel-made vessels form a rather large group of archaeological material known from East European settlements. For the sake of discussion, these images are conditionally called potter’s stamps. This publication describes experience in tracewear analysis of potter’s stamps on the bottoms of Medieval Russia wheel-made vessels from Vladimirwith a view of selecting criteria that will be used to detect impressions of one die-intaglio.
КЕРАМИЧЕСКИЕ КРЫШКИ ИЗ АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ГОРОДА ЕНИСЕЙСКА
Authors: Л.А. Аболина 
Published: November 2021

Во время археологических работ с 2015 по 2018 г. в г. Енисейске, расположенном на границе между Восточной и Западной Сибирью, было обнаружено более 160 экземпляров керамических крышек и их фрагментов. Две трети из них принадлежали посуде, одна часть – печным вьюшкам. В связи с массовостью находок крышки, которые до этого не рассматривались как самостоятельный объект изучения, были исследованы нами как один из типов керамики. Приводится ряд статей с упоминанием крышек среди археологических находок. Одни из самых ранних экземпляров были обнаружены на территории Древней Греции и Китая. Вероятно, что распространение крышек в Северо-Западной и Центральной Европе было связано с заменой открытых очагов закрытыми. Тема эта требует дальнейшего изучения. Учитывая морфологическое сходство формы крышек с формой низких мисковидных сосудов, автором были внесены некоторые изменения в общепринятую для этих сосудов терминологию. Наружная выступающая донная часть названа «держателем». Нижний край, сформированный под углом к полю, – «бортиком». В качестве определяющего признака для выявления подтипов взята форма изделия, в ряде случаев зависящая от характера взаимосвязи с основным сосудом. В качестве дополнительных признаков в таблице фиксировался диаметр изделия и держателя, высота крышки по центру, углы наклона полей и бортиков, толщина стенок, а также состав теста и цвет изделия (табл. 1). В результате проведенной работы было выявлено три подтипа крышек, у самого архаичного из них отмечено три варианта формы держателя. В г. Енисейске в период ХVII–ХIХ вв. зафиксированы два способа применения крышек: это крышки вьюшек, используемые для перекрытия дымоходов печи, и посудные крышки. Полученная информация в своей основе позволит идентифицировать крышки среди прочей керамики, систематизировать их в соответствии с выявленными подтипами и в процессе дальнейшего изучения может быть дополнена.
More than 160 ceramic lids and their fragments were discovered during archaeological excavations carried out in Yeniseysk located on the border between East Siberia and West Siberia in 2015–2018 (Fig. 1). Two thirds of the items are vessels lids, one third of the collection are identified as chimney dampers. As these lids turned out to be frequent finds which had not been regarded as a separate research object we focused on the lids as one of ceramic types. The paper provides references to publications where lids are mentioned among archaeological finds. Some of the earliest items were discovered in Ancient Greece and China. Most likely, the spread of lids in Northwestern and Central Europe was linked to replacement of open hearths with closed hearths. The subject requires further research.
The Novel LncRNA AK035396 Drives Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Through Mterf1 in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Xu Zhaoyan , Mo Yuanxi , Li Xinyi , Hong Wanzi , Shao Sisi , Liu Yaoxin , Shu Fen , Jiang Lei , Tan Ning 
Published: November 2021

Background: Myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is still a major challenge in clinical treatment. The role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in the regulation of myocardial I/R injury still needs to be elucidated.Methods: The primary isolated neonatal mousse cardiomyocytes and adult mice were used to construct a myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model. qRT-PCR is used to verify gene expression in myocardial tissue and myocardial cells. The effect of AK035396 in primary cardiomyocytes and mouse myocardium was confirmed by TUNEL staining and in vitro flow cytometry experiments. RNA pulldown and Western blot were used to identify AK035396 interacting proteins. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was identified by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Results:In vivo and in vitro MIRI models, AK035396 was up-regulated after myocardial infarction. Functional studies have shown that knockdown of AK035396 reduces the apoptosis of primary cardiomyocytes and mouse myocardial tissue. AK035396 directly interacts with Mterf1 and inhibits the level of Mterf1. Further experiments have shown that inhibiting Mterf1 will promote the expression of mitochondrial genes COXII and CYTb and cause cell apoptosis.Conclusion: AK035396 plays an important role in myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the Mterf1-COXII/CYTb pathway.
Exploring the Correlation and Protective Role of Diabetes Mellitus in Aortic Aneurysm Disease
Authors: Arun Divyatha , Munir Wahaj , Schmitt Lara Victoria , Vyas Rohan , Ravindran Jeuela Iris , Bashir Mohamad , Williams Ian Michael , Velayudhan Bashi , Idhrees Mohammed 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is recognised as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease, as the abnormal metabolic state increases the risk for atherosclerosis, occlusive arterial disease and vascular dysfunction. There have been reports of potential association across the literature that illustrates a link between diabetes mellitus and aortic aneurysm, with the former having a protective role on the development of the latter.Methods: A thorough literature search was performed through electronic databases, to provide a comprehensive review of the study's reporting on the association of diabetes mellitus and aortic aneurysm, discussing the mechanisms that have been reported; furthemore, we reviewed the reports of the impact of oral hypoglycameic agents on aortic aneurysms.Results: Various proposed mechanisms are involved in this protective process including endothelial dysfunction, chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. The evidence suggests a negative association between these disease process, with prevelance of diabetes mellitus resulting in lower rates of aortic aneurysm, via its protective mechanistic action. The increase in advanced glycation end products, increased arterial stiffness and vascular remodelling seen in diabetes, was found to have a profound impact on aneurysm development, its slow progression and lower rupture rate in these individuals. This review has also highlighted the role of oral hypoglycaemic agents having a protective effect against AA disease.Conclusion: A decrease in development, progression and mortality from aortic aneurysms as well as reduced rates of dissection, have been observed in those with diabetes. This review has provided a comprehensive insight on the effect of diabetes and its physiological processes, and elements of its con-committant treatment, having a protective role against these aortic diseases.
Stress-Hormone Dynamics and Working Memory in Healthy Women Who Use Oral Contraceptives Versus Non-Users
Authors: Høgsted Emma Sofie , Borgsted Camilla , Dam Vibeke H. , Nasser Arafat , Rye Jørgensen Niklas , Ozenne Brice , Stenbæk Dea Siggaard , Frokjaer Vibe G. 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundWomen who use oral contraceptives (OCs) may have a higher risk of developing a depression, which is associated with both vulnerability to stress and cognitive dysfunction. OCs disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis by suppressing endogenous sex steroid production including estradiol. The HPG axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are known to interact, possibly through modulations driven by estradiol. OCs may affect HPA regulation capacity, i.e., disturb cortisol dynamics such as the cortisol awakening response (CAR), and influence cognition such as working memory (WM). We hypothesize that OC use is associated with blunted cortisol dynamics and impaired WM performance relative to non-users.MethodsData from 78 healthy women in the reproductive age were available from the CIMBI database. We evaluated if CAR and WM differed between OC users (n=25) and non-users (n=53) and if the level of estradiol modulated the OC use effect on CAR or WM in generalized least square models.ResultsWe found that OC users had a blunted CAR (p= 0.006) corresponding to a 61% reduction relative to non-users; however, no estradiol-BY-OC use interaction effect was observed on CAR. Also, OC users had higher cortisol levels at awakening compared to non-users (p = 0.03). We observed no effect of OC use or an estradiol-BY-OC use interaction effect on WM. Also, within the OC user group, neither CAR nor WM was associated with suppressed estradiol. CAR was not associated with WM.ConclusionHealthy women who use OCs have blunted cortisol dynamics relative to non-users. However, we could not detect OC use effects on working memory in our sample size. We speculate that disrupted cortisol dynamics may be important for the emergence of depressive symptoms in OC users.
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystal Extraction From Pennisetum hydridum Fertilized by Municipal Sewage Sludge via Sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis
Authors: Yu Xiaoshan , Jiang Yu , Wu Qitang , Wei Zebin , Lin Xianke , Chen Yangmei 
Published: November 2021

This research focuses on the preparation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) fromPennisetum hydridumfertilized by municipal sewage sludge (MSS) through sulfuric acid hydrolysis in different acid concentrations (40–65%), temperature (room temperature ∼55°C), and reaction time (50–120 min). The results showed that the obtained CNC possessed stable dispersion in water. The length of CNCs reached 272.5 nm under the condition of room temperature (RT), 65% acid concentration, and 120 min reaction time, and the diameter was within 10 nm. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) showed that the CNC still kept the cellulose type I structure. The crystallinity of CNCs increased to the maximum by 18.34% compared with that of delignifiedPennisetum hydridumfibers. Thermogravimetry (TG) illustrated the thermal stability of CNCs was lower than that of delignifiedPennisetum hydridumfibers due to the introduction of sulfate groups in the cellulose. This study demonstrated thatPennisetum hydridumfertilized by MSS might be a suitable raw material for CNCs. This implies meaningful resource utilization of MSS andPennisetum hydridum.
Spatiotemporal Variability of Air Stagnation and its Relation to Summertime Ozone in the Yangtze River Delta of China
Authors: Xie Min , Zhan Chenchao , Zhan Yangzhihao , Shi Jie , Luo Yi , Zhang Ming , Liu Qian , Shen Fanhui 
Published: November 2021

This paper investigates the spatiotemporal variability of air stagnation in summer as well as its relation to summer ozone (O3) over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region of China. Air stagnation days (ASDs) in the YRD during the summers from 2001 to 2017 range from 9 to 54 days (9.2–58.4% of the entire summer days). With the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, the dominant weather systems affecting air stagnation in the YRD are illustrated. The first three EOFs explain 68.8, 11.3, and 7.1% of the total variance of ASDs, respectively. The first EOF represents the same phase of the entire YRD, which is attributed to the East Asian summer monsoon and mainly depends on the area and the intensity of the South China Sea subtropical high. The second EOF shows significant maritime-continental contrasts, which is related to stronger near-surface winds on sea. As for the third EOF, the air stagnation in the north and the south of the YRD has the opposite phase, with a dividing line along approximately 31°N. This spatial pattern depends on the area and the intensity of the northern hemisphere polar vortex that affects the meridional circulation. O3 is the typical air pollutant in hot seasons in the YRD. It is generally at a high pollution level in summer, and has a positive trend from 2013 to 2017. Air stagnation can affect O3 pollution levels in the YRD. In ASDs, there are usually weak wind, less precipitation, low relative humidity, high temperature, strong solar radiation and high surface pressure, which are favorable to the formation of O3. More O3 pollution episodes in 2013 than 2015 can be partly attributed to more ASDs in 2013. These results show that stagnant meteorological state can lead to the hazardous air quality, and provide valuable insight into the effect of air stagnation on the changes in surface O3 during hot months.
Inflammation-Related Long Non-Coding RNA Signature Predicts the Prognosis of Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang ShuQiao , Li XinYu , Tang ChunZhi , Kuang WeiHong 
Published: November 2021

Background: Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a molecularly and phenotypically highly heterogeneous disease, making the prognostic prediction challenging. On the other hand, Inflammation as part of the active cross-talk between the tumor and the host in the tumor or its microenvironment could affect prognosis.Method: We established a prognostic multi lncRNAs signature that could better predict the prognosis of GC patients based on inflammation-related differentially expressed lncRNAs in GC.Results: We identified 10 differently expressed lncRNAs related to inflammation associated with GC prognosis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that high-risk inflammation-related lncRNAs signature was related to poor prognosis of GC. Moreover, the inflammation-related lncRNAs signature had an AUC of 0.788, proving their utility in predicting GC prognosis. Indeed, our risk signature is more precise in predicting the prognosis of GC patients than traditional clinicopathological manifestations. Immune and tumor-related pathways for individuals in the low and high-risk groups were further revealed by GSEA. Moreover, TCGA based analysis revealed significant differences in HLA, MHC class-I, cytolytic activity, parainflammation, co-stimulation of APC, type II INF response, and type I INF response between the two risk groups. Immune checkpoints revealed CD86, TNFSF18, CD200, and LAIR1 were differently expressed between lowand high-risk groups.Conclusion: A novel inflammation-related lncRNAs (AC015660.1, LINC01094, AL512506.1, AC124067.2, AC016737.1, AL136115.1, AP000695.1, AC104695.3, LINC00449, AC090772.1) signature may provide insight into the new therapies and prognosis prediction for GC patients.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells With Modified Interleukin-13 Preferentially Recognize IL13Rα2 and Suppress Malignant Glioma: A Preclinical Study
Authors: Kim Kiwan , Gwak Ho-Shin , Han Nayoung , Hong Eun Kyung , Choi Beom K. , Lee Sangeun , Choi Soyoung , Park Ju-Hwang , Seok Ji-Hye , Jeon Yeongha , Cho Hyuntae , Lee Song-Jae , Lee Yura , Nam Ki Taek , Song Seong-Won 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundInterleukin-13 receptor α 2 (IL13Rα2) is a promising tumor-directed antigen of malignant glioma (MG). Here, we examine the efficacy and safety of T cells containing a YYB-103 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that can preferentially bind to IL13Rα2 on MG cells.MethodsIL13 was modified on the extracellular domain by substitution of amino acids with E13K, R66D, S69D, and R109K and stably transfected into human T cells using a retroviral vector. The in vitro efficacy of YYB-103 CAR T cells was tested in cell lines with differing IL13Rα1 and IL13Rα2 expression. The in vivo efficacy of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intravenous (i.v.) routes of YYB-103 CAR T-cell administration were tested in orthotopic MG mouse models. Immunohistochemical staining of MG was performed using WHO grade 3/4 surgical specimens from 53 patients. IL13Rα2 expression was quantified by H-score calculated from staining intensity and percentage of positive cells.ResultsBinding affinity assay of YYB-103 verified apparently nil binding to IL13Rα1, which was more selective than previously reported IL13 modification (E13Y). YYB-103 CAR T cells showed selective toxicity toward co-cultured U87MG (IL13Rα1+/IL13Rα2+) cells but not A431 (IL13Rα1+/IL13Rα2−) cells. Consistently, YYB-103 CAR T cells suppressed tumor growth in nude mice receiving orthotopic injection of U87 MG cells. Both i.c.v. and i.v. injections of YYB-103 CAR T cells reduced tumor volume and prolonged overall survival of tumor-bearing mice. The median H-score for IL13Rα2 in patient-derived MG tissue was 5 (mean, 57.5; SD, 87.2; range, 0 to 300).ConclusionThis preclinical study demonstrates the efficacy of IL13Rα2-targeted YYB-103 CAR T cells against MG cells. The use of modified IL13 to construct a CAR facilitated the selective targeting of IL13Rα2-expressing MG cells while sparing IL13Rα1-expressing cells. Notably, YYB-103 CAR T cells exhibited effective blood–brain barrier crossing, suggesting compatibility with i.v. administration rather than intracranial injection. Additionally, the high H-score for IL13Rα2 in glioblastoma, especially in conjunction with the poor prognostic markers of wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH-1) and unmethylated O6-methyl guanine methyl-transferase (MGMT), could be used to determine the eligibility of patients with recurrent glioblastoma for a future clinical trial of YYB-103 CAR T cells.
A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Menezes Prianna , Guraya Salman Y. , Guraya Shaista Salman 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: A compassionate and patient-centered care leads to improved clinical outcomes. Promoting empathy and compassion of medical students is a forerunner of their well-being, emotional stability, and a patient-centered care. However, there is slender evidence about best educational interventions that can inculcate empathy and compassion skills. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review of research evaluating the associations between spectrum, effectiveness, frequency of teaching modalities and their outcomes on compassion and empathy to highlight best practices.Methods: We searched the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO Host on 22nd July 2020. We adapted our search strategy from a previously published systematic review on education for compassion and empathy. Selected studies were required to have used unique educational interventions for promoting empathy and compassion of medical students. The research questions were based on Participants (medical students), Intervention (empathy and/or compassion related teaching), Comparison, and Outcome.Results: We analyzed 24 articles from the initial yield of 2,861. Twenty-two were quantitative studies with a mean of 12.8 on MERSQI. Twelve were randomized controlled trials while 5 measured outcomes with single group pre- and post-tests. There was no association found between duration, frequency and complexity of an educational intervention and its effectiveness. Twenty used multimodality curricula, and of those 18 reported statistically significant positive improvement in empathy, while 3 of 4 single modality were effective. Only three studies looked for long-term effects of educational interventions. Fourteen studies evaluated Kirkpatrick's level one (self-reported knowledge), 2 level three (behavior), and 6 level four (patient outcomes). We identified six major educational constructs of teaching empathy and compassion; communication, mindfulness, early clinical exposure, technology-enhanced learning, comics and arts and culture.Discussion: Our review couldn't identify a standard teaching construct in place and highlighted that different teaching tools carry similar impact in promoting compassion and empathy and a sustainable program rather than a single training activity is essential.
A Combined Clinical and Serum Biomarker-Based Approach May Allow Early Differentiation Between Patients With Minor Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack as Well as Mid-term Prognostication
Authors: Pelz Johann Otto , Kubitz Katharina , Kamprad-Lachmann Manja , Harms Kristian , Federbusch Martin , Hobohm Carsten , Michalski Dominik 
Published: November 2021

Background: Early differentiation between transient ischemic attack (TIA) and minor ischemic stroke (MIS) impacts on the patient's individual diagnostic work-up and treatment. Furthermore, estimations regarding persisting impairments after MIS are essential to guide rehabilitation programs. This study evaluated a combined clinical- and serum biomarker-based approach for the differentiation between TIA and MIS as well as the mid-term prognostication of the functional outcome, which is applicable within the first 24 h after symptom onset.Methods: Prospectively collected data were used for a retrospective analysis including the neurological deficit at admission (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS) and the following serum biomarkers covering different pathophysiological aspects of stroke: Coagulation (fibrinogen, antithrombin), inflammation (C reactive protein), neuronal damage in the cellular [neuron specific enolase], and the extracellular compartment [matrix metalloproteinase-9, hyaluronic acid]. Further, cerebral magnetic resonance imaging was performed at baseline and day 7, while functional outcome was evaluated with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) after 3, 6, and 12 months.Results: Based on data from 96 patients (age 64 ± 14 years), 23 TIA patients (NIHSS 0.6 ± 1.1) were compared with 73 MIS patients (NIHSS 2.4 ± 2.0). In a binary logistic regression analysis, the combination of NIHSS and serum biomarkers differentiated MIS from TIA with a sensitivity of 91.8% and a specificity of 60.9% [area under the curve (AUC) 0.84]. In patients with NIHSS 0 at admission, this panel resulted in a still acceptable sensitivity of 81.3% (specificity 71.4%, AUC 0.69) for the differentiation between MIS (n = 16) and TIA (n = 14). By adding age, remarkable sensitivities of 98.4, 100, and 98.2% for the prediction of an excellent outcome (mRS 0 or 1) were achieved with respect to time points investigated within the 1-year follow-up. However, the specificity was moderate and decreased over time (83.3, 70, 58.3%; AUC 0.96, 0.92, 0.91).Conclusion: This pilot study provides evidence that the NIHSS combined with selected serum biomarkers covering pathophysiological aspects of stroke may represent a useful tool to differentiate between MIS and TIA within 24 h after symptom onset. Further, this approach may accurately predict the mid-term outcome in minor stroke patients, which might help to allocate rehabilitative resources.