bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZATIONS OF Trichoderma sp. AND ITS EFFECT ON Ralstonia solanacearum OF TOBACCO SEEDLINGS
Authors: Sutarman Sutarman , Jalaluddin Ahmad Khafidh , Li’aini Arrohmatus Syafaqoh , Prihatiningrum Andriani Eko 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the molecular-based characteristics of Trichoderma sp. Tc-Jjr-02 and its effect as a biocontrol agent in protecting tobacco seedlings against bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum. The characterization of biocontrol agents was based on morphological and molecular data’s observation using microscope and the key of determination. The in vivo experiments was consist of five treatments: (1) inoculation of Trichoderma isolates at six hours before R. solanacearum inoculation, (2) inoculation of Trichoderma isolates at six hours after R. solanacearum inoculation (3) simultaneous inoculation of Trichoderma isolates and R. solanacearum, (4) inoculated only with R. solanacearum, and (5) without any inoculation. The experiment was repeated six times. Based on BLAST’s analysis, the Tc-Jjr-02 sequence is in accordance with T. asperellum with 100% Query Cover. Inoculation of T. asperellum Tc-Jjr-02 at six hours before and after and simultaneously with pathogens providing protection for young tobacco plants by slowing down the time for the onset of blight by 100–162%, reducing the symptom index by 56–63%, and increasing the dry weight of plant biomass by 39–53% compared to tobacco seeds which were only inoculated with R. solanacearum.
Voces y cuerpos silenciados: Reflexiones en torno al espacio de las mujeres y disidencias en los festivales de rock
Authors: Varano Juan Ignacio 
Published: March 2021

Este artículo tiene el objetivo de problematizar, cuestionar y propiciar la criticidad a partir de la reflexión sobre las lógicas de audibilidad, las condiciones de habilitación y la puesta performativa del cuerpo en torno al espacio de las mujeres y disidencias en los festivales de rock. A raíz de preguntas, datos y experiencias, junto a los aportes teóricos ofrecidos por el Seminario de Posgrado «Género y feminismos desde el sur», la intención es repensar, desde una anclaje de género, la estructura de la industria musical en los escenarios de Argentina.
On the interaction of species capable of explosive growth
Authors: Korman Philip 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the classical Lotka-Volterra population models, the interacting species affect each other's growth rate. We propose an alternative model, in which the species affect each other through the limitation coefficients, rather then through the growth rates. This appears to be more realistic: the presence of foxes is not likely to diminish the fertility of rabbits, but will contribute to limiting rabbit's population. Both the cases of predation and of competition are considered, as well as competition in case of periodic coefficients. Our model becomes linear when one switches to the reciprocals of the variables. In another direction we use a similar idea to derive a multiplicity result for a class of periodic equations.
The Incomplete Global GMERR Algorithm for Solving Sylvester Equation
Authors: Zheng Yuhui , Yang Lihua , Sauji Farkhana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the Incomplete Global GMERR algorithm and the Global GMERR algorithm are used to solve the Sylvester equation. The numerical experiment is given to compare the CPU run time and the number of iterations of the two methods.
Wheelchair Size and Material Application in Human-machine System Model
Authors: Du Qiulei , Li Yang , Pan Liai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on investigation of existing folding wheelchairs’ usage, this paper analyzed wheelchair size and material in human-machine system model. The importance of new environmentally friendly materials’ application on wheelchair component producing in recent years was also explained. On the basis of strength and stiffness theory and calculation, applied materials were determined and rod mechanical calculation were carried out. The calculated results will have certain theoretical significance for wheelchair research and design.
Identification of Miao Embroidery in Southeast Guizhou Province of China Based on Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Chune , Wu Song , Chen Jianhui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Miao embroidery of the southeast area of Guizhou province in China is a kind of precious intangible cultural heritage, as well as national costume handcrafts and textiles, with delicate patterns that require exquisite workmanship. There are various skills to make Miao embroidery; therefore, it is difficult to distinguish the categories of Miao embroidery if there is a lack of sufficient knowledge about it. Furthermore, the identification of Miao embroidery based on existing manual methods is relatively low and inefficient. Thus, in this work, a novel method is proposed to identify different categories of Miao embroidery by using deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Firstly, we established a Miao embroidery image database and manually assigned an accurate category label of Miao embroidery to each image. Then, a pre-trained deep CNN model is fine-tuned based on the established database to learning a more robust deep model to identify the types of Miao embroidery. To evaluate the performance of the proposed deep model for the application of Miao embroidery categories recognition, three traditional non-deep methods, that is, bag-of-words (BoW), Fisher vector (FV), and vector of locally aggregated descriptors (VLAD) are employed and compared in the experiment. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed deep CNN model outperforms the compared three non-deep methods and achieved a recognition accuracy of 98.88%. To our best knowledge, this is the first one to apply CNNs on the application of Miao embroidery categories recognition. Moreover, the effectiveness of our proposed method illustrates that the CNN-based approach might be a promising strategy for the discrimination and identification of different other embroidery and national costume patterns.
An Algorithm for Choosing, Ordering a New Criteria of a Bi-Objective Flow Problem
Authors: Belkacem Salima Nait 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose an algorithm which is based on many things: the notions well-known of the simplex network method, Ford Fulkerson’s algorithm and our new idea, which is << the gain cycles >>, applied on a bi-objective minimum cost flow problem. This algorithm permits us to have a good order of many criteria in a rapid and an efficient way; because this classification permits us to structure the optimal area, in which we can choose the best action among the others which exist in the objective space. From this one, we distinguish, that the resolution of this problem comes to find an under set of good actions, among which the decider can select an action of best compromise, or make a decision, in the case where reference indications of the deciders may change. A didactic example is done to illustrate our algorithm.
Ultramorphology and molecular studies of Contracaecum larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) collected in five Cyprinid fish species from Sulaimani Province, Kurdistan Region-Iraq
Authors: Abdullah Y. S. , Abdullah S. M. A. , Hussein R. H. 
Published: March 2021

Summary
A total of 1134 freshwater fishes belonging to Cyprinidae (Acanthobrama marmid (n=20), Alburnus caeruleus (n=7), Alburnus mossulensis (n=62), Arabibarbus grypus (n=123), Barbus lacerta (n=7), Capoeta trutta (n=222), C. umbla (n=161), Carasobarbus kosswigi (n=5), C. luteus (n=89), Carassius auratus (n=54), Chondrostoma regium (n=52), Cyprinion kais (n=10) and C. macrostomum (n=322)) were collected in different water bodies in Sulaimani Province, Kurdistan Region-Iraq for the presence of larval nematode of the genus Conteacaecum. This investigation revealed that 17 fishes belonged to five species (A. marmid, A. grypus, C. trutta, C. luteus and C. regium) were infected with Contracaecum larvae with prevalence of 35 %, 0.81 %, 0.90 %, 4.49 % and 5.76 %, respectively. The third- larval stage was morphologically studied by optical microscopy, and the ultrastructure was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, molecular analysis was carried out by amplifying, sequencing and comparing different gene loci, including internal transcribed spacers (ITS-1 and ITS-2) and cytochrome oxidase c subunit-II (COX-2), of the different isolated Contracaecum larvae. These sequences were also compared with closely related nematode sequences from the GenBank. Fifteen sequences were obtained for this study from the collected Contracaecum larvae. ITS-1, ITS-2 and COX-2 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. The sequences of ITS-1, ITS-2 and COX-2 revealed that the collected Contracaecum larval specimens from all infected fish species represented one species (Contracaecum rudolphii B) based on the identity percentage in the GenBank database. The genetic characterisation of the parasite in the present study is available in the GenBank database, and the obtained ITS-1, ITS-2 and COX-2 sequences were deposited in GenBank. The present study provides information on the accurate identification and molecular analysis of Contracaecum larvae in the infected fish species in Sulaimani Province, Kurdistan Region-Iraq.
Clinical case of life-threatening co-infection due to Dirofilaria immitis and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in a cat: First report of feline heartworm disease in Bulgaria
Authors: Tonev A. S. , Kirkova Z. , Iliev P. T. , Roussenov A. , Chaprazov T. , Roydev R. , Pirovski N. 
Published: March 2021

Summary
The present report describes the first clinically manifested and serologically proven case of Dirofilaria immitis infection in a cat in Bulgaria. A 10-year-old intact male cat was referred to the Small Animal Clinic, Trakia University with a history of anorexia, weight loss, intermittent coughing and itching skin lesions on the head and neck. Physical examination revealed abnormal heart sounds and respiration, cyanosis of the mucous membranes, and generalized enlargement of the lymph nodes. Mild infestation with hard ticks and fleas was also detected during the initial skin inspection. In addition, adult Otodectes cynotis mites were observed in the skin lesions. The fecal sample was positive for larvae of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and eggs of Toxocara cati. Blood serology revealed antigens of D. immitis as well as antibodies against both feline immunodeficiency virus and D. immitis. Thoracic radiographic findings included a pronounced generalized reticular interstitial pattern; alveolar and bronchial shades with multiple nodular thickenings throughout the lungs. Electrocardiography demonstrated a sinus tachycardia, a peaked P-wave (P-pulmonale) and an abnormally low ST-segment. The clinical signs disappeared after treatment with selamectin, doxycycline and corticosteroids. Despite the improvement in general health condition, the cat suddenly died several months later.
Description of Prionchulus girchi sp. nov. (Nematoda: Mononchina) with additional data on two known species of the genus Prionchulus from Lorestan province, Iran
Authors: Bazgir E. , Naghavi A. , Zolfaghari Z. 
Published: March 2021

Summary
Three species of mononchids belonging to the Prionchulus Cobb, 1916 genus, one new and two previously known species collected from natural ecosystem of Khorramabad county, Lorestan province, south west of Iran, are described. Prionchulus girchi sp. nov. is morphologically characterized by its 2.1 – 2.2 mm body length, numerous cuticular pores, slightly offset lip region, prominent labial and cephalic papillae, cephalic papillae larger than labial ones, barrel-shaped and spacious (40 – 43 × 22.5 – 24 μm) buccal cavity, weakly rounded tail tip and weakly expressed tail tip´s hyaline. In this study, P. fagi and P. muscorum were also collected and some additional data of these two species are also given.
Intra-EU vs. extra-EU trade in ICT services
Authors: Stefaniak Joanna , Ambroziak Adam A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The position of information and communication technology (ICT) services is growing in the European Union (EU) trade, however to different extend in different EU countries. The article aims to identify trade positions of the EU Member States in intra-EU trade and extra-EU trade in ICT services and to assess changes that have taken place in the years 2013–2018. The importance of the EU Member States in trade in ICT services is assessed, followed by the analysis of their trade positions in terms of selected indices. We discovered that countries of the highest importance for the intra-EU and extra-EU trade in ICT services are not holding the best positions in trade in this area, except for Ireland. Additionally, leaders in ICT services trade do better in extra-EU trade rankings than in the EU Internal Market, since the distance does not matter to business operations consequent to the digitalization of economic activities.
Content Characteristics of Knowledge Integration in the eHealth Field: An Analysis Based on Citation Contexts
Authors: Wang Shiyun , Mao Jin , Tang Jing , Cao Yujie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Purpose
This study attempts to disclose the characteristics of knowledge integration in an interdisciplinary field by looking into the content aspect of knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach
The eHealth field was chosen in the case study. Associated knowledge phrases (AKPs) that are shared between citing papers and their references were extracted from the citation contexts of the eHealth papers by applying a stem-matching method. A classification schema that considers the functions of knowledge in the domain was proposed to categorize the identified AKPs. The source disciplines of each knowledge type were analyzed. Quantitative indicators and a co-occurrence analysis were applied to disclose the integration patterns of different knowledge types.

Findings
The annotated AKPs evidence the major disciplines supplying each type of knowledge. Different knowledge types have remarkably different integration patterns in terms of knowledge amount, the breadth of source disciplines, and the integration time lag. We also find several frequent co-occurrence patterns of different knowledge types.

Research limitations
The collected articles of the field are limited to the two leading open access journals. The stem-matching method to extract AKPs could not identify those phrases with the same meaning but expressed in words with different stems. The type of Research Subject dominates the recognized AKPs, which calls on an improvement of the classification schema for better knowledge integration analysis on knowledge units.

Practical implications
The methodology proposed in this paper sheds new light on knowledge integration characteristics of an interdisciplinary field from the content perspective. The findings have practical implications on the future development of research strategies in eHealth and the policies about interdisciplinary research.

Originality/value
This study proposed a new methodology to explore the content characteristics of knowledge integration in an interdisciplinary field.
“Sparking” and “Igniting” Key Publications of 2020 Nobel Prize Laureates
Authors: Xi Fangjie , Rousseau Ronald , Hu Xiaojun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Purpose
This article aims to determine the percentage of “Sparking” articles among the work of this year’s Nobel Prize winners in medicine, physics, and chemistry.

Design/methodology/approach
We focus on under-cited influential research among the key publications as mentioned by the Nobel Prize Committee for the 2020 Noble Prize laureates. Specifically, we extracted data from the Web of Science, and calculated the Sparking Indices using the formulas as proposed by Hu and Rousseau in 2016 and 2017. In addition, we identified another type of igniting articles based on the notion in 2017.

Findings
In the fields of medicine and physics, the proportions of articles with sparking characteristics share 78.571% and 68.75% respectively, yet, in chemistry 90% articles characterized by “igniting”. Moreover, the two types of articles share more than 93% in the work of the Nobel Prize included in this study.

Research limitations
Our research did not cover the impact of topic, socio-political, and author’s reputation on the Sparking Indices.

Practical implications
Our study shows that the Sparking Indices truly reflect influence of the best research work, so it can be used to detect under-cited influential articles, as well as identifying fundamental work.

Originality/value
Our findings suggest that the Sparking Indices have good applicability for research evaluation.
Spatio-temporal analysis of remotely sensed and hydrological model soil moisture in the small Jičinka River catchment in Czech Republic
Authors: Đukić Vesna , Erić Ranka , Dumbrovsky Miroslav , Sobotkova Veronika 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The knowledge of spatio-temporal dynamics of soil moisture within the catchment is very important for rainfall–runoff modelling in flood forecasting. In this study the comparison between remotely sensed soil moisture and soil moisture estimated from the SHETRAN hydrological model was performed for small and flashy Jičinka River catchment (75.9 km2) in the Czech Republic. Due to a relatively coarse spatial resolution of satellite data, the satellite soil moisture data were downscaled, by applying the method developed by Qu et al. (2015). The sub-grid variability of soil moisture was estimated on the basis of the mean soil moisture for the grid cell and the known hydraulic soil properties. The SHETRAN model was calibrated and verified to the observed streamflow hydrographs at the catchment outlet. The good correlation between the two different soil moisture information was obtained according to the majority of applied criteria. The results of the evaluation criteria indicate that the downscaled remotely sensed soil moisture data can be used as additional criteria for the calibration and validation of hydrological models for small catchments and can contribute to a better estimation of parameters, to reduce uncertainties of hydrological models and improve runoff simulations.
Daily rainfall estimates considering seasonality from a MODWT-ANN hybrid model
Authors: Gomes Evanice Pinheiro , Blanco Claudio José Cavalcante 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Analyses based on precipitation data may be limited by the quality of the data, the size of the available historical series and the efficiency of the adopted methodologies; these factors are especially limiting when conducting analyses at the daily scale. Thus, methodologies are sought to overcome these barriers. The objective of this work is to develop a hybrid model through the maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) to estimate daily rainfall in homogeneous regions of the Tocantins-Araguaia Hydrographic Region (TAHR) in the Amazon (Brazil). Data series from the Climate Prediction Center morphing (CMORPH) satellite products and rainfall data from the National Water Agency (ANA) were divided into seasonal periods (dry and rainy), which were adopted to train the model and for model forecasting. The results show that the hybrid model had a good performance when forecasting daily rainfall using both databases, indicated by the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients (0.81–0.95), thus, the hybrid model is considered to be potentially useful for modelling daily rainfall.
Effect of T-shaped spur dike length on mean flow characteristics along a 180-degree sharp bend
Authors: Akbari Maryam , Vaghefi Mohammad , Chiew Yee-Meng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An open channel flume with a central 180-degree bend with a rigid bed is designed to obtain a better understanding of the complex flow pattern around a T-shaped spur dike located in a sharp bend. The 3-dimensional velocities are measured by using an acoustic Doppler velocimetry under clear-water conditions. This study’s primary objective is to compare variations of the mean flow pattern along a 180-degree bend with a variety of T-shaped spur dike lengths. In order to do so, parameters such as streamlines, the maximum velocity distribution, and the secondary flow strength under the influence of three T-shaped spur dike lengths will be analyzed and then compared with the case where no spur dikes are implemented. The results show that with the spur dike placed at the bend apex, the mean secondary flow strength at that range increases by approximately 2.5 times. In addition, a 67% increase in the length of the wing and web of the spur dike leads to a 27% growth in the mean secondary flow strength along the bend.
Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3–XClx Solar Cells and their Degradation (Part 1: A Short Review)
Authors: Kaulachs I. , Ivanova A. , Tokmakov A. , Roze M. , Mihailovs I. , Rutkis M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Development of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSC) has been one of the hottest research topics since 2013. Within brief literature review, we would like to achieve two objectives. Firstly, we would like to indicate that a whole set of physical properties, such as high change carrier mobility, very low recombination rates, large carrier life time and diffusion length, large absorption coefficients and very weak exciton binding energies, are defining high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of methyl ammonium lead trihalide SC. The second objective is to draw attention to some, in our opinion, important aspects that previously have not been satisfactory addressed in literature. Although degradation of PSC is widely discussed, processes at very first exposure to ambient conditions after deposition of top electrode are uncovered.
Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3–XClx Solar Cells. Experimental Study of Initial Degradation Kinetics and Fill Factor Spectral Dependence
Authors: Kaulachs I. , Ivanova A. , Holsts A. , Roze M. , Flerov A. , Tokmakov A. , Mihailovs I. , Rutkis M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The main drawback of the methylammonium lead halide perovskite solar cells is their degradation in ambient atmosphere. To investigate ambient-air-induced cell degradation, spectral dependencies of open-circuit voltage (V

OC
), fill factor (FF) and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) have been acquired (for the first time reported in literature).
Our custom-made measurement system allowed us to perform measurements of the abovementioned entities in situ directly in vacuum during and after thermal deposition of the electrode. We also studied how these parameters in vacuum changed after cell exposure to ambient air for 85 min (50 nm top electrode) and for 180 min (100 nm top Ag electrode). For fresh CH3NH3PbI3–xClx cell (never been in open air) with very high shunt resistance of 3·107 Ω·cm2 (with practically no shorts and therefore FF could be determined mainly by charge carrier recombination processes) we found that FF in vacuum increased along with an increase of the incident photon energy from 0.55 at 760 nm up to 0.82 at 400 nm. Hypothesis considering hot polaron participation in charge carrier photogeneration and recombination processes as well as another competing hypothesis were offered as possible explanations for the observed FF increase.
The kinetics of short-circuit photocurrent EQE with a change in pressure was also investigated. It was also shown that perovskite solar cell degradation could be noticeably reduced by increasing the top Ag electrode thickness to at least 100 nm, which could possibly facilitate the usual encapsulation process.