bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodization and Block Periodization in Sports: Emphasis on Strength-Power Training—A Provocative and Challenging Narrative
Authors: Stone Michael H. , Hornsby William G. , Haff G. Gregory , Fry Andrew C. , Suarez Dylan G. , Liu Junshi , Gonzalez-Rave Jose M. , Pierce Kyle C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Stone, MH, Hornsby, WG, Haff, GG, Fry, AC, Suarez, DG, Liu, J, Gonzalez-Rave, JM, and Pierce, KC. Periodization and block periodization in sports: emphasis on strength-power training—a provocative and challenging narrative. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2351–2371, 2021—Periodization can be defined as a logical sequential, phasic method of manipulating fitness and recovery phases to increase the potential for achieving specific performance goals while minimizing the potential for nonfunctional over-reaching, overtraining, and injury. Periodization deals with the micromanagement of timelines and fitness phases and is cyclic in nature. On the other hand, programming deals with the micromanagement of the training process and deals with exercise selection, volume, intensity, etc. Evidence indicates that a periodized training process coupled with appropriate programming can produce superior athletic enhancement compared with nonperiodized process. There are 2 models of periodization, traditional and block. Traditional can take different forms (i.e., reverse). Block periodization has 2 subtypes, single goal or factor (individual sports) and multiple goals or factors (team sports). Both models have strengths and weaknesses but can be “tailored” through creative programming to produce excellent results for specific sports.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Neuron Potassium Currents and Excitability in Both Sexes Exhibit Minimal Changes upon Removal of Negative Feedback
Authors: DeFazio R. Anthony , Moenter Suzanne M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) drives pituitary secretion of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, which in turn regulate gonadal functions including steroidogenesis. The pattern of GnRH release and thus fertility depend on gonadal steroid feedback. Under homeostatic (negative) feedback conditions, removal of the gonads from either females or males increases the amplitude and frequency of GnRH release and alters the long-term firing pattern of these neurons in brain slices. The neurobiological mechanisms intrinsic to GnRH neurons that are altered by homeostatic feedback are not well studied and have not been compared between sexes. During estradiol-positive feedback, which is unique to females, there are correlated changes in voltage-gated potassium currents and neuronal excitability. We thus hypothesized that these same mechanisms would be engaged in homeostatic negative feedback. Voltage-gated potassium channels play a direct role in setting excitability and action potential properties. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of GFP-identified GnRH neurons in brain slices from sham-operated and castrated adult female and male mice were made to assess fast and slow inactivating potassium currents as well as action potential properties. Surprisingly, no changes were observed among groups in most potassium current properties, input resistance, or capacitance, and this was reflected in a lack of differences in excitability and specific action potential properties. These results support the concept that, in contrast to positive feedback, steroid-negative feedback regulation of GnRH neurons in both sexes is likely conveyed to GnRH neurons via mechanisms that do not induce major changes in the biophysical properties of these cells.
Neural Dynamics in Primate Cortex during Exposure to Subanesthetic Concentrations of Nitrous Oxide
Authors: Willsey Matthew S. , Nu Chrono S. , Nason Samuel R. , Schroeder Karen E. , Hutchison Brianna C. , Welle Elissa J. , Patil Parag G. , Mashour George A. , Chestek Cynthia A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) is a hypnotic gas with antidepressant and psychedelic properties at subanesthetic concentrations. Despite long-standing clinical use, there is insufficient understanding of its effect on neural dynamics and cortical processing, which is important for mechanistic understanding of its therapeutic effects. We administered subanesthetic (70%), inhaled N2O and studied the dynamic changes of spiking rate, spectral content, and somatosensory information representation in primary motor cortex (M1) in two male rhesus macaques implanted with Utah microelectrode arrays in the hand area of M1. The average sorted multiunit spiking rate in M1 increased from 8.1 ± 0.99 to 10.6 ± 1.3 Hz in Monkey W (p < 0.001) and from 5.6 ± 0.87 to 7.0 ± 1.1 Hz in Monkey N (p = 0.003). Power spectral densities increased in beta- and gamma-band power. To evaluate somatosensory content in M1 as a surrogate of information transfer, fingers were lightly brushed and classified using a naive Bayes classifier. In both monkeys, the proportion of correctly classified fingers dropped from 0.50 ± 0.06 before N2O inhalation to 0.34 ± 0.03 during N2O inhalation (p = 0.018), although some fingers continued to be correctly classified (p = 0.005). The decrease in correct classifications corresponded to decreased modulation depth for the population (p = 0.005) and fewer modulated units (p = 0.046). However, the increased single-unit firing rate was not correlated with its modulation depth (R2< 0.001,p = 0.93). These data suggest that N2O degrades information transfer, although no clear relationship was found between neuronal tuning and N2O-induced changes in firing rate.
The HexMaze: A Previous Knowledge Task on Map Learning for Mice
Authors: Alonso Alejandra , Bokeria Levan , van der Meij Jacqueline , Samanta Anumita , Eichler Ronny , Lotfi Ali , Spooner Patrick , Navarro Lobato Irene , Genzel Lisa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNew information is rarely learned in isolation; instead, most of what we experience can be incorporated into or uses previous knowledge networks in some form. Previous knowledge in form of a cognitive map can facilitate knowledge acquisition and will influence how we learn new spatial information. Here, we developed a new spatial navigation task where food locations are learned in a large, gangway maze to test how mice learn a large spatial map over a longer time period—the HexMaze. Analyzing performance across sessions as well as on specific trials, we can show simple memory effects as well as multiple effects of previous knowledge of the map accelerating both online learning and performance increases over offline periods when incorporating new information. We could identify the following three main phases: (1) learning the initial goal location; (2) faster learning after 2 weeks when learning a new goal location; and then (3) the ability to express one-session learning, leading to long-term memory effect after 12 weeks. Importantly, we are the first to show that buildup of a spatial map is dependent on how much time passes, not how often the animal is trained.
Research on the BEIC Curriculum: Unveiling What Lies Under the Tip of the Iceberg
Authors: Álvarez Martínez Gustavo , Valenzuela Arce Nandayure 
Published: June 2021

Es un detenido análisis de la investigación The Value of Curricular lntrospection, en que se incorpora la realimentación dada por diversos participantes nacionales y extranjeros en el CILAP 2007, a quienes se les expuso los resultados iniciales de esta investigación. El estudio surgió de la disparidad de criterios entre diversos actores del BEIC, de la ELCL, respecto a la pertinencia que para la enseñanza del inglés a niños en Costa Rica tienen los principios comunicativos denominados interacción, inmersión parcial y aprendizaje por experiencia. Así, mientras diseñadores de currículo y profesores del BEIC consideraban estos principios altamente eficaces, buena parte del estudiantado que realizaba la práctica docente pensaba lo contrario.A detailed analysis is provided here of the research project titled The Value of Curricular Introspection. It also includes the feedback given by the national and foreign participants in CILAP 2007, to whom this study was presented. The investigation emerged from the diverse opinions existing among BEIC-ELCL actors regarding the pertinence of interaction, partial immersion and experiential learning communicative principies for the teaching of English to children in Costa Rica. Thus, whereas BEIC curriculum designers and professors considered these principies to be highly effective, many student-teachers in that program believe just the opposite.
Nell’occhio di María Zambrano: tra immagine pittorica e ragione poetica
Authors: Parente Lucia Maria Garzia 
Published: June 2021

L’esperienza estetica di María Zambrano è articolata intorno ad un centro di valori sensibili dell’uomo. Valori che gli permettono di sentire costantemente la necessità ed il desiderio di andare oltre, di guardare in altro modo la semplice fruizione artistica e, così, tendere verso quel nucleo etico incarnato nella sua stessa esistenza: della sua esistenza unica del e nel cosmo.
Vogliamo centrare la nostra riflessione su alcuni dettagli della sua produzione estetica, che denota una rara sensibilità filosofica nel deserto desolato della barbarie del xx secolo, per identificare quell’incanto speciale dello sguardo zambraniano orientato alla bellezza: unica possibilità per l’essere umano di non perdersi nei meandri dell’oscurità del mondo e, in molti casi, della sua anima.
Hemos derrotado al olvido: sobre la inmortalidad digital
Authors: Rojas Parma Lorena 
Published: June 2021

La preocupación humana por la inmortalidad tiene una larga historia. En nuestros tiempos, con las promesas de la biotecnología y el transhumanismo, se nos anuncia una posibilidad de cumplir con ese sueño del corazón humano. Con todo, hoy, sin los complejos procesos que se implican en esas promesas, contamos con una tecnología que nos permite dar cuenta de nuestra vida en un sentido inmortal. Por toda la “eternidad digital” habrá pruebas de que vivimos: fotos, videos, búsquedas, conversaciones y un largo etcétera, nos resguardarán por siempre del abismo del olvido. Los registros dejados en nuestras cuentas virtuales van a permanecer en la red, y una inmortalidad digital protegerá nuestro paso por la tierra. El artículo se propone explorar esta experiencia y sus posibles consecuencias.
Eingriffsbefugnisse nach der Leerverkaufs-VO bei Bedrohungen der Finanzstabilität und des Marktvertrauens
Authors: Mülbert Peter O. , Sajnovits Alexander 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Das von der BaFin am 18. 2. 2019 erlassene Leerverkaufsverbot in Aktien der Wirecard AG ist bei der kritischen Aufarbeitung der Rolle von BaFin und BMF im Wirecard-Skandal zunehmend ins Zentrum gerückt. Insbesondere im Wirecard-Untersuchungsausschuss wird das Leerverkaufsverbot als „falsches Gütesiegel“ mitverantwortlich gemacht für die noch bis zum Tag der Stellung des Insolvenzantrags fortgeführten Tätigkeiten des einstigen deutschen Vorzeige-FinTechs. Doch nicht nur aus heutiger Sicht, sondern auch auf Basis der Tatsachen, die der BaFin am 18. 2. 2019 bekannt waren, bestehen durchgreifende Bedenken gegen die Rechtmäßigkeit des Leerverkaufsverbots. Aufbauend auf einer ausführlichen Ausarbeitung der Tatbestandsvoraussetzungen für den Erlass einer Notfallmaßnahme gem. Art. 20 Abs. 2 Leerverkaufs-VO macht der Beitrag klar, dass die tatbestandlichen Voraussetzungen für das Wirecard-Leerverkaufsverbot nicht gegeben waren.
The use of comparative law in the practice of the Hungarian Constitutional Court: An empirical analysis (1990–2019)
Authors: Bodnár Eszter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCourts conducting constitutional review do not work as ‘ivory towers’ any longer: they are part of the global dialogue on constitutional ideas and thoughts. This dialogue includes an exchange of experiences with fellow constitutional and apex courts, as well as the close observation of developments in foreign constitutional and legal systems, scholarship, and international trends. The Constitutional Court of Hungary has been an active participant in this dialogue since the Court's establishment in 1989, albeit with varying levels of intensity and goals. Moving beyond the often anecdotal observations in this field, the paper aims to conduct a deep analysis of how the Court uses comparative law in its work (during the preparatory phase and the drafting of final decisions) and examines the factors that may influence the Court's practice in this area. Such a clear overview can assist proponents of the use of comparative reasoning to contravene the increasing amount of criticism of the practice's legitimacy and selectivity.
Transmissão da Tradição Umbandista: ou o Lampejo da Narração
Authors: Tomaz Carneiro Ana Clara , Menezes Marilda Aparecida de 
Published: June 2021

Este artigo se propõe a analisar a transmissibilidade da tradição umbandista pela oralidade, valorizando a memória e a experiência compartilhada na convivência cotidiana e nos rituais. A partir da etnografia realizada em uma tenda de umbanda, estabelecemos aproximações entre a transmissibilidade dos ensinamentos, rituais, princípios éticos e questões de identidade umbandistas, sob a perspectiva benjaminiana de experiência coletiva (erfahung), narração e tradição, utilizando os ensaios O Narrador (1985), Experiência e Pobreza (1985) e Teses sobre o Conceito de História (1985). Mobiliza-se, portanto, memória, narratividade e experiência.
Detection and localization of cotton based on deep neural networks
Authors: B R Annapoorna , Babu D R Dr. Ramesh 
Published: June 2021

Cotton detection is the localization and identification of the cotton in an image. It has a wide application in robot harvesting. Various modern algorithms use deep learning techniques for detection of fruits/flowers. As per the survey, the topics travelled include numerous algorithms used, and accuracy obtained on using those algorithms on their data set. The limitations and the advantages in each paper, are also discussed. This paper focuses on various fruit detection algorithms- the Faster RCNN, the RCNN, YOLO. Ultimately, a rigorous survey of many papers related to the detection of objects like fruits/flowers, analysis of the assets and faintness of each paper leads us to understanding the techniques and purpose of algorithms.
Studying of dynamics of Alzheimer's disease symptoms manifestation against the background of COVID-19 in department № 5 for treatment of COVID-19, city clinical hospital № 2 named after F.H. Gral
Authors: Karakulova Yulia V. , Sokolova Elizaveta S. , Palamarenko Maria A. , Koryakin Egor S. , Novikov Anatoly A. , Trushnikova Tatiana N. 
Published: June 2021

A clinical case was analyzed, the regularity and dynamics of psychoneurological symptoms was studied in a patient with a moderately severe form of the course of a new coronavirus infection with concomitant neurodegenerative disease Alzheimer's disease.
The patient aged 73 was admitted to the City Clinical Hospital №2 named after F.H. Gral by the team of emergency care with identified COVID-19. When admitted to the hospital, she had disability group 2 regarding neurodegenerative disease Alzheimer's disease. A multispiral computed tomography of the head revealed the following: internal open substitutional hydrocephalus, moderately expressed bilateral leukoaraiosis, cerebral atrophy, predominantly in temporoparietal region, that is typical for Alzheimer's disease.
The results of tests indicated a decrease in cognitive status. In the test with figures, the patient could not find the required figure for the desired time. When conducting clock-drawing test in dynamics, at the second attempt the patient needed about 7 minutes; a worse capability for drawing was noted; apraxia was observed. The result of the test 6CIT at the second attempt, carried out before discharge from the hospital became worse she could answer only one of four questions, whereas at the first attempt, when admitted, she could answer two questions of four. By the time of discharge from the hospital, the patient was noted to have more pronounced cognitive disorders than at admission. Emotional lability, nervousness and anxiety also remain.
Characteristics of physical qualities and vegetative regulation in adolescents with postural disorders
Authors: Nezhkina N. N. , Kuligin O. V. , Sokolovskaya S. V. , Nasonova O. L. , Mitrofanova G. N. 
Published: June 2021

Objective. To characterize the physical qualities and autonomic regulation in adolescents with postural disorders.
Material and methods. 124 teenagers aged 16-17 including 58 boys and 66 girls were examined. There were 2 groups of patients: with postural disorders in the sagittal (n = 57) and frontal plane (n = 67). The examination program included an assessment of physical development, somatotype, general endurance and static endurance of the large muscles of the back and trunk, autonomic regulation by analyzing heart rate variability, levels of personal and situational anxiety, as well as self-esteem.
Results. Adolescents with impaired posture in the sagittal plane are characterized by the predominance of the asthenoid somatotype, a high frequency of body weight deficiency, a decrease in overall endurance, as well as endurance of the back and abdominal muscles, and a predominance of the activity of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. In this category of patients, the thoracic and muscular types of physique predominate in the frontal plane of postural disorders, and there is a significant asymmetry in the static endurance of the lateral muscles of the trunk, and an increase in the functional activity of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system. In both of these variants of postural disorders in adolescents, there is a high frequency of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, sympathetic hyperreactivity, personal and situational anxiety, and a decrease in self-esteem.
Conclusions. Features of physical qualities, vegetative regulation and psychological sphere should be taken into account when developing differentiated programs for correcting posture in adolescents, depending on the plane of its violation.
La ciencia contable: su epistemología y aportes a la solución de problemas emergentes en contribución al desarrollo sostenible
Authors: González Cortés Luz Dary 
Published: June 2021

This article presents a review of theories related to the debate that accounting has generated, to define its position as a scientific discipline linking this to the support it offers to the move towards sustainable development. A theoretical and empirical map of the relationship that exists amongst accounting, the environment and the interaction with society is proposed. This is done through teory documentary review structure which includes: i) the evolution of accounting through its history; ii) epistemological fundamentals; iii) the application of ethics; iv) finally, it contextualizes accounting from the social and environmental dimensions, including the three-dimensional theory of accounting and contamety. It concludes, firstly, the key role accounting plays, as a social science, in guaranteeing the creation of environmental and social value, from accounting and financial management to sustainable development. Secondly, it models the scientific research of the accounting from of epistemology and knowledge between reasonableness and truth, reflecting on the types of accounting research, among them: the principal, the normative, the interpretative, the critical and the positivist. Finally, it defines corporate social responsibility, in the sense of real and transparent Financial Statements in accordance with the environmental and social reality, referring to the term integral sustainability through the three-dimensional theory of accounting and the contametry in terms of the accounting research.
Über den Text hinaus: Intertextuelle Bezüge in Wirtschaftstexten
Authors: Nycz Krzysztof 
Published: June 2021

Poza tekstem. Odniesienia intertekstowe w tekstach biznesowych
Pojęcie intertekstualności, wprowadzone do badań literackich przez Julię Kristevą w latach sześćdziesiątych XX wieku, wywołało niezwykle ożywioną debatę. W niniejszym artykule na wstępie zaprezentowano różne koncepcje intertekstualności. Następnie wyjaśniono koncepcję sieci tekstów (specjalistycznych). Na zakończenie podjęto próbę zilustrowania powiązań intertekstualnych na przykładzie wybranych typów tekstów specjalistycznych z dziedziny komunikacji giełdowej.

Gegenstand dieses Beitrags ist das Konzept der Intertextualität, das von Julia Kristeva in den 1960er Jahren in die Literaturwissenschaft eingeführt wurde und in späterer Zeit für eine lebhafte Diskussion in der Literatur- und Sprachwissenschaft sorgte. Zuerst werden unterschiedliche linguistische Intertextualitätskonzepte dargestellt. Darauf folgt die Erklärung des Ansatzes der Textsortennetze. Zum Schluss werden intertextuelle Beziehungen zwischen ausgewählten Textsorten im Bereich der Börsenkommunikation dargestellt.
On się with Reflexive Subject Experiencer Verbs in Polish
Authors: Bondaruk Anna 
Published: June 2021

O wykładniku zwrotnym się z czasownikami z eksperiencerem w pozycji podmiotu w polszczyźnie
Artykuł dotyczy analizy składniowej wykładnika zwrotnego się, występującego z czasownikami z Eksperiencerem w pozycji podmiotu w polszczyźnie. Analizowane są głównie te czasowniki zwrotne z Eksperiencerem w pozycji podmiotu, które regularnie alternują z czasownikami z Eksperiencerem w pozycji dopełnienia. Podane są dowody na to, że analizowane się nie ma interpretacji zwrotnej i dlatego nie może być uznane za zmienną związaną. Wykładnik zwrotny się również nie ma funkcji operatora redukującego walencję czasowników alternujących z Eksperiencerem w pozycji podmiotu. W analizie zaproponowanej w artykule, osadzonej w Programie Minimalistycznym Chomsky’ego (Minimalist inquiries: The framework, Derivation by phase i dalsze), się występujące z czasownikami z Eksperiencerem w pozycji podmiotu nie ma roli tematycznej, nie jest więc argumentem. Dodatkowo się nie ma cech φ i jest scalane w v. Ponieważ tylko v wyposażone w cechy φ może przypisywać cechę biernika, jeśli pozbawione cech φ się znajdzie się w v, v nie może przypisywać biernika. W rezultacie się w v blokuje przypisywanie biernika przez czasowniki alternujące z Eksperiencerem w pozycji podmiotu.