bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching Local History Using Digital Humanities
Authors: Elliott Steven 
Published: January 2021

This article shares lessons learned from teaching two related undergraduate courses, History of New Jersey and History of Newark, both at Rutgers University-Newark. Students in these courses have completed several assignments that asked them to find and analyze primary sources using online databases and repositories. I share an overview of the assignments, highlight students’ best finds in the course of their research, and assess what aspects of the assignments worked well and what needed improvement. Overall, this article finds that online primary sources are ample and easily accessible, though their abundance means that students may need assistance in determining what will best fit their projects.
The Origins of Centenary Collegiate Institute: A Story of Industrialization, Wealth, and Natural Resources
Authors: Graham Sean 
Published: January 2021

The Paul A. Stellhorn Undergraduate Paper in New Jersey History Award was established in 2004 to honor Paul A. Stellhorn (1947-2001), a distinguished historian and public servant who worked for the New Jersey Historical Commission, the New Jersey Committee (now Council) for the Humanities, and the Newark Public Library. The Stellhorn Awards consist of a framed certificate and a modest cash award, presented at the New Jersey Historical Commission’s Annual Conference. The Award’s sponsors are the New Jersey Studies Academic Alliance; the New Jersey Historical Commission, New Jersey Department of State; Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries; and the New Jersey Caucus, Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference. The Stellhorn Award Committee members are Richard Waldron (chair), Mark Lender, and Peter Mickulas. The advisory committee consists of Ron Becker, Karl Niederer, Elsalyn Palmisano, and Fred Pachman. Click here for more information. The following paper was one of two 2020 winners.
The benefits of remoteness – digital mobility data, regional road infrastructure, and COVID-19 infections
Authors: Krenz Astrid , Strulik Holger 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We investigate the regional distribution of the COVID-19 outbreak in Germany. We use a novel digital mobility dataset, that traces the undertaken trips on Easter Sunday 2020 and instrument them with regional accessibility as measured by the regional road infrastructure of Germany’s 401 NUTS III regions. We identify a robust negative association between the number of infected cases per capita and average travel time on roads to the next major urban center. What has been a hinderance for economic performance in good economic times, appears to be a benevolent factor in the COVID-19 pandemic: bad road infrastructure. Using road infrastructure as an instrument for mobility reductions we assess the causal effect of mobility reductions on infections. The study shows that keeping mobility of people low is a main factor to reduce infections. Aggregating over all regions, our results suggest that there would have been about 55,600 infections less on May 5th, 2020, if mobility at the onset of the disease were 10 percent lower.
Reproducibility and efficiency in handling complex neurophysiological data
Authors: Denker Michael , Grün Sonja , Wachtler Thomas , Scherberger Hansjörg 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Preparing a neurophysiological data set with the aim of sharing and publishing is hard. Many of the available tools and services to provide a smooth workflow for data publication are still in their maturing stages and not well integrated. Also, best practices and concrete examples of how to create a rigorous and complete package of an electrophysiology experiment are still lacking. Given the heterogeneity of the field, such unifying guidelines and processes can only be formulated together as a community effort. One of the goals of the NFDI-Neuro consortium initiative is to build such a community for systems and behavioral neuroscience. NFDI-Neuro aims to address the needs of the community to make data management easier and to tackle these challenges in collaboration with various international initiatives (e.g., INCF, EBRAINS). This will give scientists the opportunity to spend more time analyzing the wealth of electrophysiological data they leverage, rather than dealing with data formats and data integrity.
Artificial Neural Network Modelling of Multi-system Dynamic Adsorption of Organic Pollutants on Activated Carbon
Authors: Mesllem Yamin , Hentabli Mohamed , Hanini Salah , Laidi Maamar , Abdallah Abdallah El Hadj 
Published: January 2021

The aim of this work was to model multi-system dynamic adsorption using an artificial intelligence technique. A set of data points, collected from scientific papers containing the dynamic adsorption kinetics on activated carbon, was used to build the artificial neural network (ANN). The studied parameters were molar mass, initial concentration, flow rate, bed height, particle diameter, BET surface area, average pore diameter, time, and concentration of dimensionless effluents. Results showed that the optimized ANN was obtained with a high correlation coefficient, &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt; = 0.997, a root mean square error of RMSE = 0.029, and a mean absolute deviation of AAD (%) = 1.810 during the generalisation phase. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was also conducted using the inverse artificial neural network method to study the effect of all the inputs on the dynamic adsorption. Also in this work, the traceability of the estimated results was conducted by developing a graphical user interface.
Utjecaj dugolančanog i razgranatog alkohola na mazivost estera na bazi dodekandiojske kiseline
Authors: Ahmed Waled Abdo , Yousif Emad , Al-mashhadani Mohammed H. , Yarmo Mohd Ambar , Salih Nadia , Salimon Jumat 
Published: January 2021

Thirteen samples of esters based on dodecanedioic acid with different chemical structures were synthesized. Among these were di-2-octyl dodecanedioate, didecyl dodecanedioate, di-2-ethylhexanol dodecanedioate, di-2-ethylbutyl dodecanedioate, dioctyl dodecanedioate, dihexyl dodecanedioate, and dioleyl dodecanedioate. Diesters were synthesized through the esterification of dodecanedioic acid with selected long-chain and branched alcohols with acid catalyst of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;. These esters were tested in terms of their suitability for application as lubricants. The results showed that the lubricity properties, based on their pour point, flash point, and oxidation stability of the esters were significantly affected by the linear and branched alcohols used. An excellent pour point property of di-2-ethylbutyl dodecanedioate and di-2-ethylhexanol dodecanedioate at −55 °C and −50 °C was observed compared to their respective same linear carbon number esters of dihexyl dodecanedioate at 10 °C and dioctyl dodecanedioate at 20 °C. These are due to the presence of the branched group in their molecule vicinity structure. However, the esters flash points were insignificantly affected by the presence of branched structure. The selected esters could be used for biolubricants or engine oil.
Pandemi Covid-19 Sebagai Alasan Force Majeure Dalam Melakukan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja di Indonesia
Authors: Mustakim Mustakim , Syafrida Syafrida 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe fact of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemics was often made as a reason by a lot of companies to conduct massive layoffs (PHK) in Indonesia. The regulation about force majeure to do massive layoffs (PHK) could only be found in Article 164 Act No. 13 Year 2003 about employment and it is not that specific about what kind of condition which could be categorized as force majeure that enables companies to conduct massive layoffs PHK. The statement of problem of this research is the spread of Covid-19 a condition categorized as force majeure that could become the reason to do a massive layoffs and how is the legal protection of worker toward the layoffs during the Covid-19 pandemics? This is normative research with constitutional and conceptual approach. The result from the observation and analysis indicated that the Covid-19 pandemics could be qualified as a force majeure but to conduct massive layoffs the companies need to experience loss or disadvantage and already closed permanently or massive layoffs is conducted for efficiency as what has been regulated by Article 164 point (1) and (3) Act No. 13 Year 2003 about employment by doing some steps in advance as stated in Minister Hand-outs No. SE-907/MEN/PHI-PPHI/X/2004, 28th October 2004 and the decision of the Supreme Court No. 19/PUU-IX/2011, 20th June 2012. Keywords: Work relationship, massive layoffs, Covid-19 ABSTRAKFakta penyebaran Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) banyak dijadikan alasan bagi perusahaan-perusahaan untuk melakukan pemutusan hubungan kerja (PHK) d Indonesia. Pengaturan mengenai alasan force majeure dalam melakukan PHK hanya terdapat dalam Pasal 164 Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan dan tidak terlalu rinci bagaimana kondisi yang dapat dikualifikasi sebagai force majeure sehingga perusahaan dapat melakukan PHK. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah apakah penyebaran Covid-19 merupakan kondisi yang dikualifikasi force majeure sehingga dapat dijadikan alasan untuk melakukan pemutusan hubungan kerja dan bagaimana perlindungan hukum pekerja atas pemutusan hubungan kerja yang terjadi pada masa penyebaran Covid-19 ? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konsep. Dari hasil penelusuran dan analisis dapat ditegaskan penyebaran Covid-19 dapat dikualifikasi sebagai keadaan memaksa namun untuk melakukan PHK perusahaan harus mengalami kerugian dan telah tutup secara permanen atau PHK dilakukan dengan alasan efisiensi sebagaimana diatur Pasal 164 ayat (1) dan (3) Undang-Undang No. 13 Taun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan dengan terlebih dahulu melakukan langkah-langkah dalam Surat Edaran Menteri Nomor SE-907/MEN/PHI-PPHI/X/2004, tertanggal 28 Oktober 2004 dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 19/PUU-IX/2011, tertanggal 20 Juni 2012. Kata kunci : Hubungan Kerja, Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja, Covid-19
Manajemen Strategik Pondok Pesantren dalam Mencetak Kader Da’i Multi Bahasa
Authors: Syifa Winda Siti Mardiana , Solahudin Dindin , Rahman Arif 
Published: January 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manajemen strategik yang terdiri dari formulasi, implementasi serta evaluasi strategi Pondok Pesantren Modern Al-Ihsan Baleendah dalam rangka mencetak kader da’i multi bahasa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan menggunakan teknik observasi, studi dokumentasi, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Manajemen Strategik Pondok Pesantren Modern Al-Ihsan Baleendah terdiri dari 3 unsur: Pertama, formulasi dilakukan dengan membuat berbagai program kegiatan yang mendukung dalam mencetak kader da’i multi bahasa. Kedua, implementasi berupa pelaksanaan berbagai program disertai prosedur program yang telah ditentukan, serta adanya pembentukan dan pelaksanaan organisasi santri untuk membantu merealisasikan setiap program kegiatan. Ketiga, evaluasi yang dilakukan Pondok Pesantren dalam mencetak kader da’i multi bahasa yaitu dengan melakukan berbagai penilaian, seperti penilaian tertulis melalui berbagai ujian tulis, serta penilaian secara lisan mengenai kebahasaan.
This paper aims to analyze strategic management which consists of the formulation, implementation and evaluation of strategies in Al-Ihsan Baleendah Islamic Boarding School in order to produce multi-language cadres. The method used in the research is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection is done by using observation techniques, documentation studies, interviews, and literature studies. The results of the study show that the Strategic Management of Al-Ihsan Baleendah Modern Islamic Boarding School consists of 3 elements: First, the formulation is carried out by making various program activities that support the printing of multi-language cadres. Second, implementation in the form of implementing various programs accompanied by program procedures that have been determined, as well as the establishment and implementation of santri organizations to help realize each activity program. Third, the evaluation conducted by Pondok Pesantren in printing multi-language cadres is by conducting various assessments, such as written assessments through various written examinations, and verbally evaluating linguistics.
STUDY ON THE HEALTH IMPACT FROM USING BEEHIVE COAL STOVES IN HOUSEHOLDS IN HOAN KIEM, HANOI
Authors: Van Dieu ANh Anh 
Published: January 2021

The combustion of biomass and coal significantly contributes to the total health burden due to the emission of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter. To determine the personal exposure related to beehive coal stove cooking in Hanoi, an assessment study on 120 females in three wards (Tran Hung Dao, Phuc Tan and Chuong Duong) were conducted. Personal and ambient concentration of PM2.5 and CO (upwind, near source, far source) were simultaneously measured twice a day at each household by PATS++ equipment developed by Berkeley Air Monitoring group. The concentrations of PM2.5 in three wards were in range of 10-186, 12-441, 9-59, 3-271, and 9-260 µg/m3 while those of CO varied from 100-3000, 300-260000, 200-29000, 300-255000, and 2000-36000 µg/m3, for upwind, near source, far source, indirect exposure and direct exposure samples, respectively. The estimated COHb% for direct exposed group was higher than indirect exposed group in the three wards. Consequently, directly exposed group was suffering a higher risk. All directly exposed respondents and 75% of indirectly ones were experienced COHb% calculated in blood exceeding safe threshold for health of WHO guidelines. There has been increased risk for both exposed group if the coal beehive stove placed indoor. The calculated levels of incremental life cancer risk (ILCR) posed by PM2.5 in the three wards ranged from 1.6E-06 to 3.8E-06 daily, indicating moderate cancer risk to community that should be study further to protect public health.
Risks of AKI and Major Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome or Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Teoh Jeremy Yuen-Chun , Yip Terry Cheuk-Fung , Lui Grace Chung-Yan , Wong Vincent Wai-Sun , Chow Viola Chi-Ying , Ho Tracy Hang-Yee , Li Timothy Chun-Man , Tse Yee-Kit , Chiu Peter Ka-Fung , Ng Chi-Fai , Hui David Shu-Cheong , Chan Henry Lik-Yuen , Szeto Cheuk-Chun , Wong Grace Lai-Hung 
Published: January 2021

Significance Statement
The effects of AKI on clinical outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and coronavirus disease 2109 (COVID-19) are unclear. The authors’ territory-wide, retrospective cohort study showed higher rates of AKI and major adverse clinical outcomes among patients with SARS than in those with COVID-19. Among patients with either of these two coronavirus infections, patients with diabetes mellitus, abnormal liver function, or AKI were significantly more likely to have major adverse clinical outcomes. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were significant factors that were associated with AKI in patients with either SARS or COVID-19. Among patients with AKI, those with COVID-19 were less likely have major adverse clinical outcomes compared with patients who had SARS. In patients with either SARS or COVID-19, renal function usually recovered within 30 days of an initial AKI event.

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are closely related. The effect of AKI on the clinical outcomes of these two conditions is unclear.

Methods
This retrospective, territory-wide cohort study used an electronic public healthcare database in Hong Kong to identify patients with SARS or COVID-19 by diagnosis codes, virologic results, or both. The primary endpoint was a composite of intensive care unit admission, use of invasive mechanical ventilation, and/or death.

Results
We identified 1670 patients with SARS and 1040 patients with COVID-19 (median ages, 41 versus 35 years, respectively). Among patients with SARS, 26% met the primary endpoint versus 5.3% of those with COVID-19. Diabetes mellitus, abnormal liver function, and AKI were factors significantly associated with the primary endpoint among patients with either SARS or COVID-19. Among patients with SARS, 7.9%, 2.1%, and 3.7% developed stage 1, stage 2, and stage 3 AKI, respectively; among those with COVID-19, 6.6%, 0.4%, and 1.1% developed stage 1, stage 2, and stage 3 AKI, respectively. In both groups, factors significantly associated with AKI included diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Among patients with AKI, those with COVID-19 had a lower rate of major adverse clinical outcomes versus patients with SARS. Renal function recovery usually occurred within 30 days after an initial AKI event.

Conclusions
AKI rates were higher among patients with SARS than those with COVID-19. AKI was associated with major adverse clinical outcomes for both diseases. Patients with diabetes mellitus and abnormal liver function were also at risk of developing severe consequences after SARS and COVID-19 infection.
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIANCE AND RELATED TAXONOMY OF THE PLANUM TEMPORALE
Authors: Wong Bryan , Musiek Frank 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe planum temporale (PT) is well known for its classic “pie-shaped” morphology. The aim of this study is to create a taxonomy of PT morphological features to improve its sometimes difficult identification and differentiation from surrounding structures.Material and methodsA total of 50 normal, high-resolution T1-weighted brain MRIs (100 hemispheres) were obtained from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) repository. Ages ranged from 18 to 57 years.MethodsA 3D cortical surface mesh (grey matter) was generated using neuroimaging software. The PT was isolated based on pre-defined criteria and stratified into different classifications. Quantitative measurements were also taken.ResultsA total of four PT configurations were identified: (1) Pie-shaped [45%], 508.8 mm2; (2) Trapezoid-shaped [27%], 540.4 mm2, (3) Rectangular-shaped [19%], 477.7 mm2; and (4) Amorphous/none [9%], not calculable. The trapezoid-shaped PT category occurred significantly more often in females.ConclusionsThe proposed classification is the first step in creating a comprehensive.
COCHLEAR INVOLVEMENT IN VITILIGO PATIENTS
Authors: Dabbous Abeir , Medhat Mariam , El-Mesidy Marwa 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundVitiligo is a common chronic disease of pigmentation, which may be accompanied by audiological abnormalities.Material and methodsThe aim of this study was to assess vitiligo patients in terms of hearing thresholds using conventional pure tone audiometry (0.25 to 8 kHz), high frequency pure tone audiometry (10 and 12.5 kHz), as well as Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAEs). We correlated the audiometric findings with vitiligo duration and severity. The study included 75 subjects with a mean age of 29.7 ± 8.6 years. There were 50 vitiligo patients and 25 age and gender matched healthy controls who had never had any audiological condition or exposed to excessive noise.ResultsOnly 24% of vitiligo patients had high frequency sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) using conventional audiometry and the majority (76%) had bilaterally normal hearing. The majority (90%) of vitiligo patients had SNHL in extended high frequency audiometry. There was a statistically significant difference between the cases and controls regarding TEOAE SNR at 5 kHz, and nearly half of the normal hearers had an abnormal TEOAE. Vitiligo patients were found to have subclinical inner ear dysfunction compared with the controls. There was a statistically significant correlation between PTA and age of the patients but not with vitiligo duration or severity.ConclusionsThe audiometric findings of the vitiligo group and the statistically significant differences from the control group suggest a subclinical involvement of the cochlea, probably related to the vitiligo condition, but not affected by vitiligo duration or severity. We therefore recommend the use of extended high frequency audiometry and otoacoustic emission tests for early detection of inner ear involvement in vitiligo.
Features of spatial localization of dental plaque during orthodontic treatment on braces
Authors: Amkhadova Malkan A. , Zorina O. A. , Boriskina O. A. , Petrukhina N. B. , Nechaev A. A. 
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the features of spatial localization of dental plaque in patients with braces, depending on the type of toothbrush used. We enrolled 63 patients from 11 to 18 years old, needing orthodontic treatment on a bracket system due to the tight position of the teeth in unilateral cleft palate and lip (Q37.1 according to ICD-10) after reconstructive surgery, in combination with mesial occlusion (K07.2 according to ICD-10).
Material and methods: We evenly divided all participants into three groups depending on the type of brush used. Group 1 (n = 21) patients used an orthodontic manual toothbrush (Professor persin, Spazzolificio Piave S. p.A, Italy). Group 2 (n = 22) patients used an ultrasonic toothbrush (Emmi-dent, EMAG AG, Germany) and group 3 (n = 20) used an electric toothbrush (Oral-B Pro-Expert, Procter Gamble, USA). To assess the level of hygiene and determine the spatial accumulation of plaque, we used the Silness Loe index in the modification of Williams P. et al. (1991) at various stages. These included one week after professional hygiene after fixing both arcs. Then, six, and twelve months of wearing them.
Material and methods: Group I contained the most pronounced deterioration in the hygienic state of the oral cavity during orthodontic treatment using a manual brush. Predominantly, the plaque accumulated in pricesavvy region. Uneven distribution of dental plaque relative to orthodontic techniques in group 1 was found in all quadrants of the upper and lower jaw.Conclusion: When assessing the spatial distribution of dental plaque relative to the bracket systems, it was possible to identify an additional advantage of using an ultrasonic brush. In comparison with an electric brush, we observed slight expressions in plaque accumulation on the four surfaces of the tooth., In the posterior area, plaque accumulated without pronounced deviations from the other areas of the tooth.