bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune Cell and Adipose Gene Expression Reprogramming in Juvenile Monkeys Born to Health and Weight-Diverse Mothers
Authors: Ruggiero Alistaire , Block Masha , Vemuri Ravichandra , DeStephanis Darla , Das Swapan , Kavanagh Kylie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Over 93 million Americans are obese and 66 million suffer from metabolic disease. Roughly 40% of obese people do not have metabolic abnormalities (metabolically health obese [MHO]), while approximately 15% of lean do (metabolically unhealthy lean [MUL]). African green monkeys (AGMs) demonstrate naturally occurring obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) without diet manipulation, and MetS criteria are heritable. Age-matched maternal AGMs were classified by adjusted MetS criteria ([n=44]; waist &gt;40cm, fasting glucose (FG) &gt;100 mg/dL, SBP/DBP &gt;135/85mmHg, and HDL-c &lt;50mg/dL) and classified as metabolically healthy lean (MHL), MHO, MUL or metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). Age, weight and sex-matched pre-pubertal juvenile offspring from these mothers were additionally selected (n=9-11/group; ages=1.1-3.4years) for evaluation. We assessed monocyte subtypes by flow cytometry, and subcutaneous adipose gene expression patterns by RNAseq. Non-classical monocytes were increased in obese and unhealthy mothers (MHO p=0.02, MUL p=0.003, MUO p=0.00002) compared to MHL. MUL and MUO juvenile offspring also had more non-classical monocytes compared to MHL (p=0.05 and p=0.07). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP)-1 was measured in plasma and found to be elevated in MUO juveniles (p=0.02). Patterns of increased cytokine and extracellular matrix gene expression were seen in MUL and MUO juveniles’ adipose (6-7/group), mirroring obese and unhealthy mothers’ adipose gene expression patterns. Maternal health and obesity influence offspring immune cells and adipose gene expression prior to weight gain and metabolic disease onset. Our data underscore maternal monocyte and adipose profiles as inherited phenotypes that present prior to adipose expansion and may be targets to improve intergenerational health trajectories.
3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid Administration Did Not Prevent Age Related Bone Loss
Authors: Isales Carlos , Ding Ke-Hong , Bollag Wendy , McGee-Lawrence Meghan , Hill William , Shi Xing-ming , Fulzele Sadanand , Hamrick Mark 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Aging is associated with accumulation of various tryptophan degradation products that may having either bone anabolic or catabolic effects. In epidemiologic studies, elevated levels of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) are associated with a higher bone mineral density (BMD). We have previously shown that the C57BL/6 mouse loses bone mass with age. Thus, we hypothesized that administering 3-HAA via a daily intraperitoneal (IP) injection would result in preserved or increased BMD. In an IACUC-approved protocol, we injected 26-month-old C57BL/6 mice with either a low dose (0.5 mg) or high dose (5 mg) of 3-HAA IP five days a week for eight weeks. At the end of this time mice were sacrificed and body composition and bone mineral density measured by DigiMus. BMD was significantly lower in the high dose 3-HAA group: 0.0570 + 0.004 vs 0.0473 + 0.006 vs 0.0432 + 0.0075 gm/cm2, (means+SD, Control vs 0.5 mg 3HAA vs 5 mg 3HAA, p=0.004, 0 vs 5.0 mg, n=6-9/group). 3-HAA had no significant impact on body composition (lean body mass: 86.7 + 1.7% vs 86.2 + 2.7% vs 86.1 + 2.0%, Control vs 0.5 mg vs 5.0 mg 3-HAA, p=ns; and fat mass 12.6 + 2.0% vs 13.8 + 2.7% vs 13.9 + 2.0% vs 0.2%, Control vs 0.5 vs 5 mg 3-HAA, p=ns). Thus, 3-HAA did not prevent bone loss in older mice but instead significantly worsened bone loss. 3-HAA is known to have both pro- and anti- oxidant effects depending on the environment. These data would suggest that at the higher concentrations 3-HAA is acting predominantly as a pro-oxidant molecule accelerating age-related bone loss.
Both Vitamin D Supplementation and HIIT Boost Muscle VDR Expression, Which May Underlie Benefits for Frailty
Authors: Seldeen Ken , Thiyagarajan Ramkumar , Leiker Merced , Berman Reem , Redae Yonas , Weiss Carleara , Chaves Lee , Troen Bruce 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Frailty is a condition of poor response to stressors that increases susceptibility to adverse outcomes - including disability and death. Declining physical function is an important hallmark of frailty, and we previously published that long term vitamin D insufficiency from young to middle-age leads to declines in endurance and gait disturbances. Furthermore, we report that aged mice (24-months) made vitamin D insufficient for 4 months exhibit increased frailty, whereas those made hyper-sufficient do not. Exercise, including short session high intensity interval training (HIIT - 10 minutes/3x-week), also reverses frailty in aged mice. Here we investigate the impacts of aging, vitamin D, and exercise on underlying muscle quality and muscle stem cell activity. Our preliminary data reveal muscle vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression is lower in aged mice (24-28 months) relative to young mice (6 months). Yet HIIT, either one hour after a single session or following 6 weeks, increases VDR expression. HIIT also increases myonuclear accretion in muscle fibers – an indicator of in vivo stem cell activity – and stimulates progenitor cells proliferation ex vivo. Likewise, we observe that vitamin D hyper supplementation alone also increases muscle VDR expression and the number of satellite cells. These data indicate that both vitamin D supplementation and HIIT independently enhance VDR expression in skeletal muscle with associated greater satellite and muscle progenitor cell activity. These data critically link vitamin D physiology and HIIT in muscle, and thus provide a mechanistic basis for their benefits for muscle quality, function, and health during aging.
Chronic Exposure to Youthful Circulation Leads to Epigenetic Reprogramming and Lifespan Extension
Authors: Zhang Bohan , Lee David , Tyshkovskiy Alexander , Bareja Akshay , Kerepesi Csaba , Horvath Steve , Gladyshev Vadim , White James 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Heterochronic parabiosis is a powerful rejuvenation model in aging research. Due to limitations in the duration of blood sharing and/or physical attachment, it is currently unclear if parabiosis retards the molecular signatures of aging or affects healthspan/lifespan in the mouse. Here, we describe a long-term heterochronic parabiosis model, which appears to slow down the aging process. We observed a “deceleration” of biological age based on molecular aging biomarkers estimated with DNA methylation clock and RNA-seq signature analysis. The slowing of biological aging was accompanied by systemic amelioration of aging phenotypes. Consistent with these findings, we found that aged mice, which underwent heterochronic parabiosis, had an increased healthspan and lifespan. Overall, our study re-introduces a prolonged parabiosis and detachment model as a novel rejuvenation therapy, suggesting that a systemic reset of biological age in old organisms can be achieved through the exposure to young environment.
Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Willingness of Providing Care for Older Adults With Dementia as Their Future Work
Authors: Liu Wenlin , Wang Jing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study examines how undergraduate nursing students’ knowledge of dementia care are associated with their willingness of providing care for older adults with dementia across care settings as nurses in urban China, controlling for factors such as their socio-demographic characteristics, willingness of being a nurse, and years of studying nursing. We surveyed 320 undergraduate students from Shanghai, China and found that students with a better knowledge of dementia care, a longer year of nursing study, have no experience of being cared for by grandparents during childhood, and being the only child at home tended to be less willing to provide care for older adults with dementia in their future work. In order to prepare high-quality future dementia care workforce, nursing educators not only need to disseminate knowledge of dementia care, they should also tailor teaching to students’ characteristics and motivate students to take the leadership in dementia care across settings.
Moderate Calorie Restriction Enhances Hepatic Glucagon Sensitivity in Aged Mice
Authors: Marx Tyler , Safayan Luke , Stern Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chronic calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition delays the onset of aging, extends lifespan, and improves metabolic function in many species. These CR-induced benefits have largely concentrated on the role of insulin signaling, while ignoring its counter-regulatory hormone, glucagon. Like insulin, hyperglucagonemia and decreased glucagon sensitivity are associated with impaired glucose homeostasis and decreased longevity. Conversely, activation of target molecules downstream of glucagon signaling such as AMPK and FGF21 are known to ameliorate these age-related impairments in metabolic function. To investigate the potential role of glucagon receptor signaling in CR-induced improvements in aging, we have implemented a moderate 15% CR in the mouse. Our studies show that a 15% calorie restriction initiated at 4 months of age enhances hypoglycemia-stimulated glucagon secretion (P &lt;.01) and decreases basal serum glucagon (P &lt;.01), while having no effect on glucagon receptor expression at the liver in 26-month-old mice. Consistent with enhanced hepatic glucagon sensitivity, CR increases glucagon-stimulated hepatic cyclic AMP production (P &lt;.05). Glucagon is a primary regulator of AMPK activation and FGF21 release, both of which have been proposed as key molecules to account for CR-induced benefits to aging. CR increases both hepatic AMPK activation (P &lt;.05) and FGF21 mRNA expression (P &lt;.05). Additionally, CR reduces hepatic lipid accumulation (P &lt;.05), and decreases fasting respiratory quotient (P &lt;.001), indicating an increase in lipid oxidation. Our studies demonstrate that a moderate (15%) CR regimen enhances glucagon sensitivity and decreases hepatic lipid accumulation in aged mice. Thus, we propose glucagon signaling as a mediator of CR-induced improvements in aging.
Memory Aging Phenotypes Among Older Cancer Survivors: A Latent Growth Analysis of the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Westrick Ashly , Langa Kenneth , Kobayashi Lindsay 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
While cancer survivors experience many long-term health effects, there is limited evidence on the potentially heterogeneous memory aging of older cancer survivors. We identified memory aging phenotypes of older US cancer survivors, and determined sociodemographic and health-related predictors of membership. Data were from 2,755 survivors aged ≥50 in the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (1998 – 2016). Self-reported first incident cancer diagnosis (except non-melanoma skin cancer) and memory (composite immediate and delayed word-list recall score, combined with proxy-reported cognition) were assessed at biennial interviews. Memory aging phenotypes were identified using latent growth curve (LGC) models, with baseline being time of cancer diagnosis. Logistic regression evaluated predictors of group membership. 5 distinct memory aging groups were identified: low memory (n=165, 6.16%); medium-low memory (n=459, 17.1%); medium-high memory (n=733, 27.4%); high memory (n=750, 28.0%); and very high memory (n=571, 21.3%). The low memory group received less chemotherapy compared to the other groups (20.0% vs. 25.5%, 31.7%, 36.8%, 41.5%%, respectively), and had the shortest mean survival time after diagnosis (1.08 vs 2.10, 2.76, 3.37, 4.31 years, respectively). Older age at diagnosis (OR: 1.71, 95%CI: 1.61-1.82), being male (OR: 4.10, 95%CI: 2.82-6.51), having a history of stroke (OR: 4.62, 95%CI: 2.57-8.30) and depression prior to diagnosis (OR: 1.19, 95%CI: 1.05-1.34) were independently associated with being in the low memory group vs. the medium-high memory group. We identified distinct memory aging phenotypes among older cancer survivors. Further research should evaluate the influence of pre-cancer memory and how these phenotypes differ from the general population.
World-Wide FINGERS: An International Network of Linked Multidomain Trials
Authors: Mangialasche Francesca , Solomon Alina , Ngandu Tiia , Kivipelto Miia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Risk reduction and prevention of dementia in older adults is a growing research area. In the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER randomized controlled trial) a 2-year multidomain intervention -dietary counseling, exercise, cognitive training, vascular and metabolic risk monitoring- improved cognition in older adults from the general population who had increased dementia risk. The intervention was associated also with improvement of other clinical outcomes (e.g., multimorbidity, functional status). The FINGER model is being adapted and tested in different populations and settings through the World-Wide FINGERS, the first global network of multidomain prevention trials, including over thirty countries. The network goal is to identify effective and feasible solution for dementia risk reduction across the spectrum of cognitive decline - from at-risk asymptomatic states to early-symptomatic stages. Through the World-Wide FINGERS-SARS-CoV-2 initiative, the network aims to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults.
The Mediating Effect of Social Support of Older Korean Adults’ Volunteering on the Relational and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Kim Meeryoung 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
For older adults wanting to maintain good health and stay active after retirement, volunteering is an important activity. Social capital is important factor for volunteering. Social support as a social capital, is a contributing factor that is important and needed by older adults who volunteer. Also as a result from volunteering, older adults can increase their social support through volunteering. This study examined whether emotional and instrumental social support mediate volunteering on both relational and life satisfaction. This study used the 6th additional wave of the Korean Retirement and Income Study (2016). Subjects for this study are over 60 years old and the sample size is 280. For data analysis Baron and Kenny's triangular regression analysis and the Sobel test were used for data analysis. Demographic variables were controlled. Volunteer variables such as volunteering asked by others or self-motivated, whether only one type of volunteering or more, professional volunteering, and volunteer hours were used as independent variables. Emotional and instrumental social support were used as mediators. Relationship satisfaction and life satisfaction variables were used as dependent variables. Emotional and instrumental support partially mediate volunteering asked by others to influence relational and life satisfaction. In addition, emotional support and instrumental support mediate “more than one kind of volunteering” to influence relationship satisfaction. As such, emotional and instrumental support through volunteering has a mediating effect on relationship satisfaction and life satisfaction.
An Innovative Transitions Model of Care for Delirium: “DDEFY Delirium” A Pilot Feasibility Randomized Trial
Authors: Khan Ariba , Klumph Marianne , Schwank Alexander , Hubatch Sandy , Tejada Jonny Macias , Galambos Colleen , Simpson Michelle , Malone Michael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In current standard practice, without a structured process for delirium follow up, older individuals and their family caregivers seemed to be lost, as they transitioned from hospital to home. The aim of this study was to pilot test a theoretical post-hospital model of care (DDEFY delirium) to mitigate the complications in patients who had hospital delirium. This is a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial for patients with hospital delirium. The intervention was carried out by a delirium transitions nurse with personalized interdisciplinary team recommendations. DDEFY delirium intervention encompasses: Diagnose cognitive disorder; review Drugs; Educate patient/family; assess Function; Your health goals. During COVID-19 pandemic a virtual intervention group was created. Thus, three groups were analyzed: control, intervention, and virtual intervention. Among the 35 participants (mean age 80 years (SD10), 40% Black, 46% female), 40% had a diagnosis of dementia, mean Charles Deyo score was 6.4, mean number of medications 11.4 (3.2), and a mean anticholinergic medication burden was 2.4. The intervention group and virtual intervention group rates were: recruitment: 44.6 %vs8.8%, feasibility: 97%vs97%, fidelity:100%vs100%, 30-day readmission 28.6%vs0%, and 30-day ED visits: 0 vs.1. There were no differences in 30-day readmission rates between control vs intervention (p=1.0), control vs virtual intervention (p=.53), nor comparing all 3 groups (p=.49). The results of this pilot study determined that delivering DDEFY intervention to patients with delirium is feasible. Lessons learned from conducting this study will help us design a larger trial with modifications for older patients with delirium who transition from hospital to home.
Higher Serum BDNF Levels are Associated with Lower Risk of Cognitive Decline in Older Adults :The Otassha Study
Authors: Fujiwara Yoshinori , Ihara Kazushige , Hachisu Mitsugu , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Kawai Hisashi , Hashizume Masahiro , Hirano Hirohiko , Obuchi Shuichi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction: There has been growing interest in the use of circulating levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the blood as a biomarker in the context of patients with Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases. Prospective data on cognitive decline in the broad older population, however, remain limited. We assessed the relationship of serum BDNF levels with short-term decline in cognitive functioning of community-dwelling older adults. Methods. Prospective study of 405 adults 65-84 years old without dementia in Tokyo, Japan. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Japanese version (MoCA-J) and its subscales were used. Linear regression assessed standardized differences in test score differences between baseline (2011) and follow-up (2013) visits, according to baseline serum BDNF quartiles, with adjustment for baseline demographics, disease indicators, and cognitive scores. Results: Among participants who performed on the MoCA-J at baseline (scores in bottom quartile), cognitive decline was .65 (95% CI: .08 - 1.2; p=.025) standard deviations (SD) more pronounced in those with lowest than highest BDNF levels. Decline in executive function, but not in other subdomains, was also most pronounced in those with lowest baseline serum BDNF levels (difference: .32 SD; 95%CI: .08-.55; p=.007) Conclusion: Lower serum BDNF levels were associated with greater 2-year cognitive decline in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. Decline varied among cognitive subdomains, and baseline cognition. Research seeking to evaluate the added-value of serum BDNF for screening and/or health promotion initiatives involving physical activity, which has been linked to increment in BDNF levels, is warranted.
How Older Adults Redefine Items on the PROMIS-57 Profile Patient-Reported Outcome Measure
Authors: Gruber-Baldini Ann , Unick G Jay , Fallon Veronica , Heiser Philip , Bambarger Kimberly , Shulman Lisa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PROMIS® measures provide valid assessment of patient-reported outcomes, but have not been validated in older adults (especially aged 80+), including those with cognitive impairment. The objective of this project was to study how age-related role change effected the understanding of items on the PROMIS-57 Profile using cognitive interviews. Cognitive interviews were conducted with 38 adults, age 65+ with MoCA scores 10-30. Preliminary codes were created and then codes were added or modified as needed. Each interview was coded independently by two coders with differences resolved by consensus. The sample was 47% age 80+, 45% female, 18% African American, and 32% had a MoCA score between 10-17 (cognitively impaired). Thematic analysis of codes indicated that participants endorsed little or no impairment when they adapt to physical or cognitive disabilities by using economic means, instrumental support, physical aids, or by reducing activities. One respondent using grocery delivery services described no difficulty running errands or shopping. Another respondent reported no difficulty walking 15 minutes because they use a cane. Some reported no difficulty engaging in social roles when they restricted their activities due to disability or lack of appropriate social activities. Age-related changes effected responses on PROMIS-57 items. Findings suggest that age-related changes bias individuals to indicate less physical and cognitive impairment than their actual level of function. Physical functioning items show more bias for individuals with financial or instrument support, and social role items show more bias for those with restricted social networks.
Predicting quality of life with physical and cognitive functioning among older adults with cognitive impairment
Authors: Song Rhayun , Park Moonkyoung , Seo Jisu , Xing Fan , Li Yuelin , Ryu Ahyun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Older adults experience abnormal declines in physical and cognitive functioning that increase their risk of dependence, subsequently quality of life. This study aims to explore the relationship between physical and cognitive functioning, and to predict quality of life among older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: Survey was conducted with older adults registered at dementia support centers. Seventy-four older adults signed the consent form and participated in the study. physical functioning consisted of grip strength, balance (OLS), Timed up and go, and activities of daily living. Cognitive functioning was measured by K-MOCA. SF-12 was used to assess quality of life. Results: The participants was 76 years old on average, more women (75.4%), and mostly elementary or less education level (60.9%). Physical functioning explained 22.1% of variance in cognitive functioning after controlling for age and gender (F change=4.789, p=.002). Balance (OLS: t=2.304, p=.024) and grip strength (t=2.207, p=.031) was significant predictors. Physical and cognitive functioning explained 36.7% of variance in quality of life after controlling for age and gender (F =5.466, p&lt;.001). Indicators of physical functioning, TUG (t=-3.252) and grip strength (t=-2.633), were the most significant predictors of quality of life, while cognitive function explained additional 3.1% of variance in quality of life (F=3.216, p=.078). Conclusion: Physical functioning were significant predictors of cognitive functioning, subsequently to quality of life among older adults with cognitive impairment. Health promoting strategies should focus on improving physical functioning of this population to maintain or prevent cognitive declining, and to promote quality of life.