bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the French translation of the Herth Hope Index assessment (HHI-F)
Authors: Aissaoui Djamel , Gronier Guillaume , Schwander Françoise , Cara-Nova Tanya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective

This article presents the french validation of a hope assessment scale for use in an international study on the mental health of Swiss and Portuguese students during a pandemic (Querido et al., 2021). is The original hope assessment scale is the Herth Hope Index (HHI) (Herth, 1991) which measures different dimensions of hope and assesses the state of motivation to overcome situations with strong stressful or life-threatening components.

Methods

Our methodology is divided into two main steps. The first step aims at evaluating the qualitative aspects of the assessment tool. We will use a literal translation and a cultural adaptation through cross-cultural validation. We will start with a back-translation method for the translation and preparation of a draft version. Then, we will evaluate the draft by selecting a committee of experts and a sample of "end-users" to correct the initial translation and produce a consensus version. The second part will concern the evaluation of the psychometric and metrological qualities of the instrument. We will set up a method of parallel/equivalent form reliability and tests of convergent/divergent validity with other tools assessing similar constructs.

Results

We obtained a consensus from our expert panel (n=7) after our back-translation. We then tested the translation on a pilot group of students (n=13) in order to highlight potential comprehension problems. We obtained CVIs >.80 for all of our items in the second test run, which indicates that the translation is understood and accepted by the subjects. We also measured the concurrent validity between the HHI-F (target instrument) and other scales (criterion instruments) measuring the same phenomena, which were administered simultaneously to our subjects (i.e. DASS-21, IES-R and BRCS). The results suggest good translation validity of the HHI-F: systematically negative correlations between the HHI-F and the DASS-21 (r= -.562; p=000); all correlations between the IES-R and the HHI-F are negative  (r= -.301; p=000) and all correlations between the HHI-F scale and the BRCS are positive (r= .552; p=000).

Discussion

The french version of the Herth Hope Index (HHI) is translated. Validation of the qualitative and quantitative criteria was carried out and the results show that the French version (HHI-F) has sufficiently strong fidelity and validity criteria to be used in practice.
Different Methods of Eubiotic Feed Additive Provision Affects Health, Performance, Fermentation, and Metabolic Status of Dairy Calves During The Preweaning Period
Authors: Stefańska Barbara , Katzer Frank , Golińska Barbara , Smulski Sebastian , Sobolewska Patrycja , Frankiewicz Andrzej , Nowak Włodzimierz 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether different methods of providing eubiotic feed additives, to neonatal calves during the preweaning period, can improve the health, performance, rumen fermentation, and metabolic status of the calves. Forty-four Holstein-Friesian dairy calves, were divided into one of four treatment groups for the 8 week trial. The eubiotic feed additives consisted of a combination of probiotic Lactobacillus spp. (multiple-strains) at a dose of 250 mg/calf/d and phytobiotics containing rosmarinic acid, as the main bioactive compound, at a dose of 50 mg/calf/d. Treatment differed by the methods that the eubiotic feed additives were provided, and the groups were as follows: CON (control, without eubiotic feed additive in their milk replacer or their starter feed), MR (eubiotic feed additives added to the milk replacer), SF (eubiotic feed additives added to the starter feed), MRS (eubiotic feed additives added to the milk replacer and the starter feed). Individual intake of starter feed was measured daily and body weights weekly until 56 d of age.
Results
The body weight of the MR treatment group calves were higher on days 28 and 56. Including the eubiotic feed additive in the milk replacer affected increasing average daily gain, starter intake and total dry matter intake from d 29 to d 56 and the overall experimental period in comparison to the CON group. The calves of the MR treatment had lower fecal scores from d 3 to d 28, number of parasite oocysts/cysts per gram of feces on d 28, and the occurrences of faecal consistency scores of 3 (mild diarrhea) and 4 (confirmation diarrhea) were 3.2 and 3.0 times lower, respectively, compared with animals of the CON group. Also, in this group higher ruminal concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, propionate, and butyrate were noted on d 56 compared to CON group. Adding eubiotics into milk replacer resulted the highest concentrations of blood insulin-like growth factor-I and β-hydroxybutyrate from d 29 to 56 and through the entire experimental period.
Conclusion
The addition of eubiotic feed additives into the milk replacer can improve health, performance, rumen fermentation, and biochemical blood indices in dairy calves during the preweaning period.
CO2 uptake decreased and CH4 emissions increased in first two years of peatland seismic line restoration
Authors: Schmidt Megan , Davidson Scott J. , Strack Maria 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Oil and gas exploration has resulted in over 300,000 km of linear disturbances known as seismic lines, throughout boreal peatlands across Canada. Sites are left with altered hydrologic and topographic conditions that prevent tree re-establishment. Restoration efforts have concentrated on tree recovery through mechanical mounding to re-create microtopography and support planted tree seedlings to block sightlines and deter predator use, but little is known about the impact of seismic line disturbance or restoration on peatland carbon cycling. This study looked at two mounding treatments and compared carbon dioxide and methane fluxes to untreated lines and natural reference areas in the first two years post-restoration. We found no significant differences in net ecosystem CO2 exchange, but untreated seismic lines were slightly more productive than natural reference areas and mounding treatments. Both restoration treatments increased ecosystem respiration, decreased net productivity by 6–21 gCO2m− 2d− 1, and created areas of increased methane emissions, including an increase in the contribution of ebullition, of up to 2000 mgCH4m− 2d− 1. Further research on this site to assess the longer-term impacts of restoration, as well as application on other sites with varied conditions, will help determine if these restoration practices are effective.
Analysis of Provincial Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions Effect of West-to-East Gas Transmission Project: Based on PSM-DID Method
Authors: LUAN Xiaomei , Cui Danny Chunying , Zhang Dianping , XIE Junyue , YAN Ziwei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
West-to-East gas transmission project (WEGTP) is a major energy construction programm in China. Evaluating its impacts on the energy consumption and carbon emissions(ECER) in involved provinces is of great significance for further achieve the goals of high-quality development. This paper takes WEGTP as a quasi-natural experiment, calculates the total energy consumption and carbon emissions by employing the provincial panel data of 1997-2017, and applies a counterfactual framework under Rubin Causal Model (RCM) to estimate the ECER policy effect of WEGTP Line I Subproject. It is found that WEGTP generates an overall carbon emissions reduction effect in the involved provinces. Further heterogeneity analysis points out that the project has an obvious energy conservation effect on the natural gas importer provinces, however the emissions reduction effect is not significant, while the project has significant positive effects on energy conservation and emissions reduction in the natural gas exporter provinces. Based on the results, WEGTP has played a long-term role in promoting energy structure optimization and carbon emissions reduction. It is still necessary to figure out the price mechanism of natural gas consumption, actively promote the structure of industrial, and meet the objective requirements of high-quality development with the actual effects of energy conservation and emissions reduction.
MAFB is a biomarker for cancer severity and prognosis, and is a potential cancer immunotherapy target
Authors: Samir Omar , Kobayashi Naohiro , Siyam Mennatullah , Yadav Manoj , Inoue Yuri , Takahashi Satoru , hamada Michito 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
MAFB is a transcription factor specifically expressed in macrophages. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) play a key role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by inducing immunosuppression, angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and metastasis. However, finding a suitable specific biomarker and target for TAMs is challenging. Our previous study1 suggested that MAFB could be a suitable marker for tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) besides MAFB is expressed in anti-inflammatory alternatively activated M2 macrophages in vitro. In the current study, in a cohort of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (n = 120), increased MAFB expression was related to increased metastasis and poor overall survival rate. Our findings indicate that MAFB can be used as a prognostic marker for assessing metastatic potential in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Further, we showed that MAFB expression was positively correlated with the expression of CD204 and CD68 in hepatocarcinoma, colon and pancreatic cancers. We demonstrated that MAFB could be used as a biomarker for TAMs and consequently, for assessing severity in various human cancers, including lung, liver, colon, and pancreatic cancers, according to the immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of MAFB, CD68, and CD204. In addition, we showed that MAFB was expressed in TAMs expressing Programmed cell death protein-1 and/or Programmed cell death ligand 1 (TAM PD-1+ and TAM PD-L1+) cells in lung adenocarcinoma and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) mouse model. These findings indicate that MAFB can be a potential target for drug development against TAM PD-1+ and TAM PD-L1+ cells. In summary, transcriptional factor MAFB can be used as a specific biomarker, prognostic marker, and a potential target for cancer immunotherapy against TAMs.
Molecular insights into receptor binding energetics and neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Koehler Melanie , Ray Ankita , Silva Rodrigo Azevedo Moreira da , Juniku Blinera , Poma Adolfo , Alsteens David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Despite an unprecedented global gain in knowledge since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, almost all mechanistic knowledge related to the molecular and cellular details of viral replication, pathology and virulence has been generated using early prototypic isolates of SARS-CoV-2. Here, using atomic force microscopy and molecular dynamics, we investigated how these mutations quantitatively affected the kinetic, thermodynamic and structural properties of RBD—ACE2 complex formation. We observe a direct link between increased RBD—ACE2 complex stability and the greater transmissibility observed for the variants of concern. While the N501Y and E484Q mutations are particularly important for the greater stability, the N501Y mutation is unlikely to significantly affect antibody neutralization. This work provides unprecedented atomistic detail on the binding of SARS-CoV-2 variants and provides insight into the impact of viral mutations on infection-induced immunity.
Mapping the Effects of Pollution on Diabetes in Durham, NC
Authors: Zwecker Zoe L. , Spratt Susan E. , Granger Bradi B. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThough the impact of environmental pollution on chronic disease remains largely unknown, previous case control studies have begun to examine the adverse effects of particulate matter (PM2.5) on prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Based on multivariate regression models in these studies, a 1% increase in diabetes prevalence is seen with a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure due to impairment of vascular reactivity. Presentation of the hypothesis This study proposes the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to illustrate the correlation of diabetes to the anthropogenic footprint to target healthcare delivery and policy for diabetes-related health mitigation. GIS is used to overlay variables of diabetes prevalence, social determinates of health, and particulate matter concentration as layers on a map allowing targeted prevention programming.Testing of the hypothesisThough PM2.5 can be harmful in many contexts, for adults with diabetes, it becomes adverse as it enters the bloodstream, placing the body under oxidative stress. The window of opportunity for testing the hypothesis is large in that ambient air pollution and patients with diabetes are abundant. Using a longitudinal, matched, family cohort design, we are able to assess the long and short-term exposure of PM2.5 to better understand the nature and timing of the onset of disease. Implications of the hypothesis The hypothesis has the potential to identify high risk patients and could provide the basis for future work to assess risk at the neighborhood level. Based on risk acceptance and aversion, targeted policy interventions within states, counties, and neighborhoods may advance the state of the science for improving health and reducing health risk at a population level.
Systems spatiotemporal dynamics of traumatic brain injury at single cell resolution reveals humanin as a therapeutic target
Authors: Arneson Douglas , Zhang Guanglin , Ahn In Sook , Ying Zhe , Diamante Graciel , Cely Ingrid , Palafox-Sanchez Victoria , Gomez-Pinilla Fernando , Yang Xia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The etiology of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) remains elusive due to the tissue and cellular heterogeneity of the affected brain regions that underlie cognitive impairments and subsequent neurological disorders. This complexity is further exacerbated by disrupted circuits within and between cell populations across brain regions and the periphery, which occur at different timescales and in spatial domains. We profiled three tissues (hippocampus, frontal cortex, and blood leukocytes) at the acute (24hr) and chronic (7days) phases of mTBI at single cell resolution and demonstrated that the coordinated gene expression patterns across cell types were disrupted and re-organized by TBI at different timescales with distinct regional and cellular patterns. Gene expression-based network modeling identified astrocytes as a key regulator of the cell-cell coordination following mTBI in both hippocampus and frontal cortex across timepoints, and mt-Rnr2, which encodes the mitochondrial peptide humanin, as a potential target for intervention based on its broad regional and dynamic dysregulation following mTBI. Treatment of a murine mTBI model with humanin reversed cognitive impairment caused by mTBI through the restoration of metabolic pathways within astrocytes. Our results offer a systems-level understanding of the dynamic and spatial regulation of gene programs by mTBI and pinpoint key target genes, pathways, and cell circuits that are amenable to therapeutics.
In vivo self-assembled siRNA: a new modality for combination therapy of ulcerative colitis
Authors: Zhou XinYan , Yu Mengchao , Fu JinYu , Ma Luzhen , Guo Jingwei , Lei Jieqiong , Fu Zheng , Fu Yong , Zhang Chen-Yu , Chen Xi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Given the complex nature of ulcerative colitis (UC), combination therapy targeting multiple pathogenic genes and pathways of UC may be required. Unfortunately, current therapeutic strategies based on independent chemical compounds or monoclonal antibodies are not applicable for combination therapy of UC. Here, we developed a synthetic biology strategy that integrates the naturally existing exosome-circulating system with artificial genetic circuits for self-assembly and delivery of multiple siRNAs for the combination therapy of UC. Intravenous injection of genetic circuit (in the form of DNA plasmid) designed for inhibition of TNF-α, B7-1 and integrin α4 successfully reprogrammed the host liver to direct the self-assembly of TNF-α, B7-1 and integrin α4 siRNA into secretory exosomes. The multitargeted genetic circuit could rapidly relieved intestinal inflammation and exert a synergistic therapeutic effect against UC through suppressing the proinflammatory cascade in colonic macrophages, inhibiting the costimulatory signal to T cells and blocking T cell homing to sites of inflammation. More importantly, we designed an AAV-driven genetic circuit to induce substantial and lasting inhibition of TNF-α, B7-1 and integrin α4. Overall, this study established a feasible combination therapeutic strategy for UC, which is superior to the conventional biological therapies requiring.
Genomic Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (Pbmcs) of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Hcc): Effect of Ablative Treatment
Authors: Gesualdo Annamaria , Passerini Francesca , D’Amore Simona , Grimaldi Lucia Donatella , Noto Antonino , Santovito Daniela , Graziano Giusi , Milella Michele , Marano Giuseppe , Puntillo Filomena , Mangia Alessandra , Palmieri Vincenzo Ostilio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Genome-wide association studies revealed potential driver genes involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development thus providing putative therapeutic targets and predictive biomarkers for personalized therapy.In the present study, we analyzed changes in the gene expression profile of circulating peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HCC patients undergoing treatment in order to identify the gene signatures useful as biomarkers for prognostic classification. Patients (24) diagnosed with HCC and staged according to BCLC criteria were enrolled. All patients underwent treatment by radiofrequency ablation or chemoembolization and the effect of treatment was evaluated three months later. Patients were stratified into 2 subgroups: 11 with complete response; 13 with partial response. Furthermore, we added six patients (with stable or progressive disease) to the initial cohort. Microarray expression profiling on PBMCs isolated before and three months after the therapeutic procedure was performed in order to identify upregulated and downregulated genesin each patient. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR was used to confirm differentially expressed genes on microarray analysis. The most intriguing results were the upregulation at baseline of ENTPD1 (ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1, able to suppress the immune system response to malignancies) and the down-regulation of ICOS (inducible co-stimulator, involved in anti-tumour T cell response) in patients with partial response to treatment. To the best of our knowledge, there are no study relating ENTPD1 and ICOS gene signatures to outcome of treatment in HCC. Our findings highlight a new role for ENTPD1 and ICOS as useful biomarkers for prognostic classification of patients with liver cancer.
WAC-A New GBM Tumour Suppressor- Induces GBM Cell Apoptosis and Promotes Autophagy
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Zhang Si , Sun Qian , Yuan Fan’en , Zhao Linyao , Ye Zhang , Li Yong , Wang Ronggui , Jiang Hongxiang , Hu Ping , Tian Daofeng , Liu Baohui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
WAC is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. However, its role in human glioblastoma (GBM) and its potential regulatory mechanisms have not been investigated. This study demonstrated that WAC is downregulated in GBM, and its low expression predicts a poor prognosis. We investigated the effect of WAC on the proliferation of glioma cells through the CCK-8 assay, EdU incorporation and cell formation. The effects of WAC on apoptosis and autophagy in glioma were demonstrated by flow cytometry, TUNEL detection, immunofluorescence, q-PCR, WB and scanning electron microscopy. We found that overexpression of WAC inhibited proliferation of glioma cells, promoted apoptosis and induced autophagy. Therefore, WAC is likely to play a role as a new regulatory molecule in glioma.
Serum Prolactin Level to Tumor Size Ratio as a Potential Parameter for Preoperative Differentiation of Prolactinomas from Hyperprolactinemia-Causing Non-Functional Pituitary Adenomas.
Authors: Kim Jeong-Hwa , Hur Kyu-Yeon , Hong Sang-Duk , Choi Jung-Won , Seol Ho-Jun , Nam Do-Hyun , Lee Jung-Il , Kong Doo-Sik 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Preoperative diagnosis of prolactinomas is critical because dopamine agonists have been regarded as a primary treatment. However, serum prolactin level alone is suboptimal for differentiating prolactinomas from hyperprolactinemia-causing non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs). By using the tumor size, we investigated a more effective parameter for the discrimination.223 patients with pituitary lesions of the histologic diagnosis were retrospectively reviewed. The prolactinoma group (n=48) showed higher serum prolactin (258.6㎍/L) and smaller maximal diameter (16.6mm) than those in the NFPA group (n=175) (44.4㎍/L and 23.9mm; both p-values < 0.001).Using receiver operating curve analyses, we compared diagnostic performances of serum prolactin levels (PRL), a ratio of PRL to maximal tumor diameter (PRL/MD; PDR1), and MD squared (PRL/(MD)2; PDR2) in preoperative diagnosis of prolactinomas. PDR2 exhibited better performance with the cutoff value of 0.83[㎍/L]/ mm2 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.945), compared to the PDR1 (8.93[㎍/L]/ mm with AUC 0.938) and PRL (99.㎍/L with AUC 0.910). In the external validation study, PDR2 still maintained superiority over PDR1 and PRL (Accuracy of 94.8%, 91.8%, and 75.8%, respectively).In conclusion, PDR2 may be an effective parameter for preoperative discrimination of prolactinomas from NFPAs with hyperprolactinemia, and contribute to select patients who benefit from medical treatment primarily.
Impact of Prior to Intensive Care Unit Statin use on Patients with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Tu Bo-Xiang , Tang Yuan-Jun , Cheng Yi , Liu Xiao-Bin , Wu Cheng , Qian Di , Zhao Yan-Fang , Qin Ying-Yi , He Jia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate if prior to intensive care unit (ICU) statin use improve the clinical outcomes, for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI).Materials and Methods: Patients with AKI were selected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV v1.0 database for this retrospective observational study. The primary outcome was 30-day ICU mortality. 30-day in-hospital mortality and ICU length of stay (LOS) were considered as secondary outcomes. Comparison of mortality between pre-ICU statin users with non-users was conducted by multivariable cox proportional hazards model. Comparison of ICU LOS between two groups was implemented by multivariable linear model. Three propensity score methods were used to verify the results as sensitivity analyses. Stratification analyses were conducted to explore whether the association between pre-ICU statin use and mortality differed across various subgroups classified by sex and different AKI stages.Results: 3821 pre-ICU statin users and 9690 non-users were identified. In multivariable model, pre-ICU statin use was associated with reduced 30-day ICU mortality rate [Hazara ratio (HR) 0.68 (0.59,0.79); P<0.001], 30-day in-hospital mortality rate [HR 0.64 (0.57, 0.72); P<0.001] and ICU LOS [Mean Difference -0.51(-0.79, -0.24); P<0.001]. The conclusions were consistent in three propensity score methods. In Subgroup analyses, pre-ICU statin use was associated with decreased 30-day ICU mortality and 30-day in-hospital mortality in both sexes and AKI stages, only except for 30-day ICU mortality in AKI stage 1.Conclusions: Patients with AKI who were administered statins prior to ICU admission might have lower mortality rate during ICU or hospital stay and shorter ICU LOS.