bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methylaervine as Potential Lead Compound Against Cervical Carcinoma:
Pharmacologic Mechanism Prediction based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Dan Wenjia , Xu Yujie , Gu Hongling , Gao Jixiang , Dai Jiangkun 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The discovery of therapeutic anticancer agents based on natural products
is one of the current research focuses. Network pharmacology will broaden our understanding of
drug actions by bioinformatics analysis.

Objective:
To explore the potential and provide scientific evidence for methylaervine as a lead compound
against cervical carcinoma.

Methods:
Methylaervine was synthesized, and its activity against four cancer cell lines was evaluated
by MTT assay. Pharmacokinetic properties were obtained by in silico approaches, and the pharmacologic
mechanism was predicted by network pharmacology. Then we validated and investigated
our predictions of candidate targets using a molecular docking study.

Results:
Methylaervine was synthesized with a total yield of 54.9%, which displayed activity
against HeLa (IC50 = 14.8 μM) with good predicted pharmacokinetic properties, thus it was considered
a potential lead compound. The network pharmacology study indicated that methylaervine
could act against cervical carcinoma by regulating the function of multiple pivotal targets, such as
CTNNB1, PTPRJ, RPA1, and TJP1, mainly covering cell growth, cell motility, and cell proliferation.
Moreover, docking analysis showed that hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions were
the main forms of interactions.

Conclusion:
This work would provide new insight into the design of anti-cervical carcinoma drugs
based on methylaervine.
Pre-Clinical Activity of Amino-Alcohol Dimeric Naphthoquinones as Potential Therapeutics
for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Ferraris Dana , Lapidus Rena , Truong Phuc , Bollino Dominique , Carter-Cooper Brandon , Lee Michelle , Chang Elizabeth , LaRossa-Garcia Maria , Dash Smaraki , Gartenhaus Ronald , Choi Eun Yong , Kipe Olivia , Lam Vi , Mason Kristopher , Palmer Riley , Williams Elijah , Ambulos Nicholas , Kamangar Farin , Zhang Yuji , Kapadia Bandish , Jing Yin , Emadi Ashkan 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The clinical outcomes of patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) remain unsatisfactory.
Therefore the development of more efficacious and better-tolerated therapy for AML is critical. We have previously
reported anti-leukemic activity of synthetic halohydroxyl dimeric naphthoquinones (BiQ) and aziridinyl BiQ.

Objective:
This study aimed to improve the potency and bioavailability of BiQ compounds and investigate antileukemic
activity of the lead compound in vitro and a human AML xenograft mouse model.

Methods:
We designed, synthesized, and performed structure-activity relationships of several rationally designed BiQ
analogues with amino alcohol functional groups on the naphthoquinone core rings. The compounds were screened for
anti-leukemic activity and the mechanism as well as in vivo tolerability and efficacy of our lead compound was investigated.

Results:
We report that a dimeric naphthoquinone (designated BaltBiQ) demonstrated potent nanomolar anti-leukemic
activity in AML cell lines. BaltBiQ treatment resulted in the generation of reactive oxygen species, induction of DNA
damage, and inhibition of indoleamine dioxygenase 1. Although BaltBiQ was tolerated well in vivo, it did not significantly
improve survival as a single agent, but in combination with the specific Bcl-2 inhibitor, Venetoclax, tumor
growth was significantly inhibited compared to untreated mice.

Conclusion:
We synthesized a novel amino alcohol dimeric naphthoquinone, investigated its main mechanisms of
action, reported its in vitro anti-AML cytotoxic activity, and showed its in vivo promising activity combined with a
clinically available Bcl-2 inhibitor in a patient-derived xenograft model of AML.
Recent Advancement of Pyrazole Scaffold Based Neuroprotective Agents:
A Review
Authors: Pottoo Faheem Hyder , Joseph Alex , Das Subham , Akbar Saleem , Ahmed Bahar , Dewangan Rikeshwar Prasad , Iqubal Mohammad Kashif , Iqubal Ashif , Chawla Pooja 
Published: June 2021

:
As a source of therapeutic agents, heterocyclic nitrogen-containing compounds and their
derivatives are still interesting and essential. Pyrazole, a five-member heteroaromatic ring with two
nitrogen atoms, has a major impact in chemical industries as well as pharmaceutical industries.
Due to its wide range of biological activities against various diseases, it has been identified as a biologically
important heterocyclic scaffold. The treatment of neurological disorders has always been
a difficult task in both the past and present. Therefore, identifying therapeutically effective
molecules for neurological conditions remains an open challenge in biomedical research and development.
For developing novel entities as neuroprotective agents, recently, pyrazole scaffold has attracted
medicinal chemists worldwide. The major focus of research in this area is discovering novel
molecules as neuroprotective agents with minimal adverse effects and better effectiveness in improving
the neurological condition. This review mainly covers recent developments in the neuropharmacological
role of pyrazole incorporated compounds, including their structural-activity relationship
(SAR), which also further includes IC50 values (in mM as well as in μM), recent patents,
and a brief history as neuroprotective agents.
Partial Purification of Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) from Mango Seed Kernel
(MSK) Using Alcohol/Salt-Based Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS)
Authors: Lasquite John Leanard M. , Enopia Brendaline C. , Senangote Roger Francis E. , Sabarre Danilo C. , Yagonia-Lobarbio Camila Flor J. 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) has applications in pharmaceutical, environmental,
and food industries. However, conventional techniques for its purification are considered
costly and laborious. Alternative methods of purification are needed.

Methods:
This study explored the use of an alcohol/salt-based Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS)
to partially purify PPO from Mango Seed Kernel (MSK). Specifically, this study determined the
effects of the 1-propanol/potassium phosphate buffer mass ratio on the partition parameters such as
partition coefficients, activity recovery, and purification fold.

Results:
The enzyme partition coefficient (KE) was greater than 1, which signified that more PPO
was partitioned in the top phase due to its hydrophobic nature. Specifically, the 3.22 1-propanol/
PPB mass ratio had the highest K E of 1.91 ± 0.16 and 1.46 ± 0.16 for runs 1 and 2, respectively.
Moreover, the same mass ratio led to the highest activity recovery in the top phase reaching
up to 73.99 ± 1.56% for run 1 and 64.27 ± 2.48% for run 2. In terms of purification fold, runs 1 and
2 had PF values of 0.55 ± 0.05 and 0.70 ± 0.01, respectively. Since the values obtained were low
due to the large number of contaminants extracted together with the target enzyme in the top phase,
the use of a back-extraction step recovered the PPO in the bottom phase and resulted in an activity
recovery of 82.94 ± 1.05% and a purification fold of 7.01 ± 0.95.

Conclusion:
Results have shown that varying the mass ratio had significant effects on the partition
parameters.
Ciudadanía y construcción democrática
Authors: Buelvas Bruno José David 
Published: June 2021

resulta complejo en la época actual, definir el concepto de ciudadanía y el rol de ciudadano frente a multitud de facetas de tipo extrínseco e intrínseco que hacen en extremo cambiante cualquier modalidad asociativa y cualquier creación de entidades ciudadanía- ciudadanas. Esto, cada vez más se evidencia por multiplicidad de factores que en nuestro medio colombiano y en el más circunscripto, córdoba en donde la persistencia en el tiempo de la relación ciudadano-ciudad, se ve marcada e incidida casi de manera permanente por factores tan fuertes como el político. Todos los derivados del conflicto armado y social en unas múltiples vertientes que interfieren con mensajes poderosos en la relación ciudad- ciudadano e inclusive en la misma relación entre ciudadanos. Corresponde pues, tareas encomiables a entorno dirigencial, componer un marco conceptual que muy principalmente provea solución a las fracturas de las situaciones todas tangencialmente han ocasionado en el tejido social de nuestro entorno y que impone franca dificultad para la correcta expresión de una fluida relación ciudadano con sus pares principalmente, pero también con el estamento político, social y ciudadano.
Characteristics of Antivaccine Messages on Social Media: Systematic Review
Authors: Wawrzuta Dominik , Jaworski Mariusz , Gotlib Joanna , Panczyk Mariusz 
Published: June 2021

Background
Supporters of the antivaccination movement can easily spread information that is not scientifically proven on social media. Therefore, learning more about their posts and activities is instrumental in effectively reacting and responding to the false information they publish, which is aimed at discouraging people from taking vaccines.

Objective
This study aims to gather, assess, and synthesize evidence related to the current state of knowledge about antivaccine social media users’ web-based activities.

Methods
We systematically reviewed English-language papers from 3 databases (Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed). A data extraction form was established, which included authors, year of publication, specific objectives, study design, comparison, and outcomes of significance. We performed an aggregative narrative synthesis of the included studies.

Results
The search strategy retrieved 731 records in total. After screening for duplicates and eligibility, 18 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. Although most of the authors analyzed text messages, some of them studied images or videos. In addition, although most of the studies examined vaccines in general, 5 focused specifically on human papillomavirus vaccines, 2 on measles vaccines, and 1 on influenza vaccines. The synthesized studies dealt with the popularity of provaccination and antivaccination content, the style and manner in which messages about vaccines were formulated for the users, a range of topics concerning vaccines (harmful action, limited freedom of choice, and conspiracy theories), and the role and activity of bots in the dissemination of these messages in social media.

Conclusions
Proponents of the antivaccine movement use a limited number of arguments in their messages; therefore, it is possible to prepare publications clarifying doubts and debunking the most common lies. Public health authorities should continuously monitor social media to quickly find new antivaccine arguments and then create information campaigns for both health professionals and other users.
Reliable Prediction Models Based on Enriched Data for Identifying the Mode of Childbirth by Using Machine Learning Methods: Development Study
Authors: Ullah Zahid , Saleem Farrukh , Jamjoom Mona , Fakieh Bahjat 
Published: June 2021

Background
The use of artificial intelligence has revolutionized every area of life such as business and trade, social and electronic media, education and learning, manufacturing industries, medicine and sciences, and every other sector. The new reforms and advanced technologies of artificial intelligence have enabled data analysts to transmute raw data generated by these sectors into meaningful insights for an effective decision-making process. Health care is one of the integral sectors where a large amount of data is generated daily, and making effective decisions based on these data is therefore a challenge. In this study, cases related to childbirth either by the traditional method of vaginal delivery or cesarean delivery were investigated. Cesarean delivery is performed to save both the mother and the fetus when complications related to vaginal birth arise.

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop reliable prediction models for a maternity care decision support system to predict the mode of delivery before childbirth.

Methods
This study was conducted in 2 parts for identifying the mode of childbirth: first, the existing data set was enriched and second, previous medical records about the mode of delivery were investigated using machine learning algorithms and by extracting meaningful insights from unseen cases. Several prediction models were trained to achieve this objective, such as decision tree, random forest, AdaBoostM1, bagging, and k-nearest neighbor, based on original and enriched data sets.

Results
The prediction models based on enriched data performed well in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F-measure, and receiver operating characteristic curves in the outcomes. Specifically, the accuracy of k-nearest neighbor was 84.38%, that of bagging was 83.75%, that of random forest was 83.13%, that of decision tree was 81.25%, and that of AdaBoostM1 was 80.63%. Enrichment of the data set had a good impact on improving the accuracy of the prediction process, which supports maternity care practitioners in making decisions in critical cases.

Conclusions
Our study shows that enriching the data set improves the accuracy of the prediction process, thereby supporting maternity care practitioners in making informed decisions in critical cases. The enriched data set used in this study yields good results, but this data set can become even better if the records are increased with real clinical data.
Monitoring Beliefs and Physiological Measures Using Wearable Sensors and Smartphone Technology Among Students at Risk of COVID-19: Protocol for a mHealth Study
Authors: Cislo Christine , Clingan Caroline , Gilley Kristen , Rozwadowski Michelle , Gainsburg Izzy , Bradley Christina , Barabas Jenny , Sandford Erin , Olesnavich Mary , Tyler Jonathan , Mayer Caleb , DeMoss Matthew , Flora Christopher , Forger Daniel B , Cunningham Julia Lee , Tewari Muneesh , Choi Sung Won 
Published: June 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted lives and greatly affected the mental health and public safety of an already vulnerable population—college students. Social distancing and isolation measures have presented challenges to students’ mental health. mHealth apps and wearable sensors may help monitor students at risk of COVID-19 and support their mental well-being.

Objective
This study aimed to monitor students at risk of COVID-19 by using a wearable sensor and a smartphone-based survey.

Methods
We conducted a prospective study on undergraduate and graduate students at a public university in the Midwest United States. Students were instructed to download the Fitbit, Social Rhythms, and Roadmap 2.0 apps onto their personal smartphone devices (Android or iOS). Subjects consented to provide up to 10 saliva samples during the study period. Surveys were administered through the Roadmap 2.0 app at five timepoints: at baseline, 1 month later, 2 months later, 3 months later, and at study completion. The surveys gathered information regarding demographics, COVID-19 diagnoses and symptoms, and mental health resilience, with the aim of documenting the impact of COVID-19 on the college student population.

Results
This study enrolled 2158 college students between September 2020 and January 2021. Subjects are currently being followed-up for 1 academic year. Data collection and analysis are currently underway.

Conclusions
This study examined student health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and assessed the feasibility of using a wearable sensor and a survey in a college student population, which may inform the role of our mHealth tools in assessing student health and well-being. Finally, using data derived from a wearable sensor, biospecimen collection, and self-reported COVID-19 diagnosis, our results may provide key data toward the development of a model for the early prediction and detection of COVID-19.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04766788; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04766788

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/29561
Dampak Transmigrasi Terhadap Kehidupan Sosial Masyarakat: Studi Sejarah Masyarakat Timpeh Dharmasraya
Authors: Nova Yosi 
Published: June 2021

Dharmasraya regency is once the destination of transmigration for Suamtera region. Some of them is Timpeh. The pattern of transmigration in Timpeh is general transmigration and local transmigration. Dharmasraya is of the most successful transmigration destination in Indonesia withTransmigration Award “Makarti Nayomata from the Indonesian minister of Transmigration in 2012 as indicator. This study conducted with qualitative research. Data collected through document study, interviews and observation. Result is the Dharmasraya transmigration program succesfull aired on nation TV station once year after. Transmigration program bring the changes on the social life of Timpeh. Transmigration conducted the new social identity, new culture and the pattern of economic development in Timpeh. Kabupaten Dharmasraya adalah salah satu daerah tujuan transmigrasi untuk wilayah Sumatera. Di antara beberapa daerah yang berada dalam Kabupaten Dharmasraya yang menjadi daerah tujuan transmigrasi adalah Timpeh. Pola transmigrasi yang berlangsung di kecamatan Timpeh adalah Transmigrasi Umum (TU) dan Transmigrasi Lokal. Dalam menjalankan program transmigrasi yang diadakan oleh pemerintah, kabupaten Dharmasraya adalah contoh daerah tujuan transmigrasi yang paling berhasil di Indonesia, hal ini dibuktikan dengan penghargaan Transmigration Award “Makarti Nayomata” dari Mentri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Republik Indonesia yang diraih oleh kabupaten Dharmasraya pada tahun 2012. Atas prestasi ini, maka tahun selanjutnya keberhasilan program transmigrasi di Kabupaten Dharmasraya juga ditayangkan di stasiun televisi nasional. Penelitian dilakukan secara qualitatif di nagari kecamatan Timpeh. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi dokumen, wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program transmigrasi ternyata telah membawa banyak perubahan dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan masyarakat kecamatan Timpeh. Transmigrasi membentuk identitas baru sosial, budaya masyarakat serta pola pembangunan ekonomi.
Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of pigeon circovirus from racing pigeons in China during 2016-2019
Authors: Wang Haoran , Gao Hui , Jiang Zhiwen , Shi Leibo , Zhao Pengwei , Zhang Yanming , Wang Chengbao 
Published: June 2021

The Pigeon circovirus (PiCV) containing a circular single
stranded DNA (approximately 2 kb) genome belongs to the genus
Circovirus of the family Circoviridae. PiCV infections in
pigeons ( Columba livia) have been reported worldwide. Currently,
pigeon racing is becoming increasingly popular and considered to be a
national sport in China, and even, the greatest competitions of racing
pigeons are taking place in China. However, there are still no
epidemiologic data regarding PiCV infections among racing pigeons in
China. To trace the prevalence, genetic variation and evolution of PiCV
in sick and healthy racing pigeons, 622 samples were collected from 11
provinces or municipalities in China from 2016 to 2019. Samples were
tested by polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that the
positive rate of PiCV was 19.3% (120/622) at the sample level and
59.0% (23/39) at the club level, thus suggesting that the virus was
prevalent in Chinese racing pigeons. A sequence analysis revealed that
the cap genes of the PiCV strains identified in our study
displayed a high genetic diversity and shared nucleotide homologies of
71.9%–100% and amino acid homologies of 71.7%–100%. 28 and 36
unique amino acid substitutions were observed in the Cap and Rep
proteins derived from our PiCV strains, respectively. Furthermore, The
ATT and GTG were highly suspected to be the start codons of the Cap
protein. A cap-gene-based phylogenetic analysis showed that the
strains in this study could be further divided into seven clades (A, B,
C, E, G, H, and I) and some of them were closely related to worldwide
strains from different types of pigeons. A large number of recombination
events (31 events) were also detected in the PiCV genomes from Chinese
racing pigeons. These findings indicate that PiCV strains circulating in
China exhibit a high genetic diversity.
When I Grow Up … Understanding the Motivations That Individuals Have for Pursuing a Career in Tax
Authors: Hahn Till-Arne , King Tisha 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Often seen as a specialization, the motivation to pursue a career in tax is not well understood, compared to the broader disciplines of law and accounting. Relying on an initial set of exploratory interviews, this study examines why individuals have decided to pursue careers as tax practitioners. A survey more systematically investigated the motivations, revealing that the qualitative nature of tax work, including the intellectual challenge, is the strongest motivator, regardless of professional background. Overall, intrinsic motivations dominate over more external reasons, and the survey results are largely consistent and convergent with the interview findings. The study contributes to the understanding of the factors that influence individuals to both enter and remain in a very specialized field, which has hereto received limited direct attention. The results should be of interest to students considering a career in tax, as well as those in charge of educating and recruiting future tax practitioners.
Financial Reporting Discretion, Managerial Myopia, and Investment Efficiency
Authors: Jiang Xu , Xin Baohua 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
We explicitly model financial reporting discretion and earnings management in an investment setting where managers have incentives to behave myopically. We show that when managers are sufficiently, but not excessively, myopic, granting them some discretion over the mandatory financial reports can lead to better investment decisions. This finding contrasts with the conventional argument that financial reporting discretion facilitates earnings management and exacerbates managerial myopia, leading to inefficient investments. Costly earnings management, while offering managers some ex post protection against bad luck by decreasing the incidence of low financial reports, reduces the expected net benefit of high financial reports ex ante. Consequently, managers with negative private information find it too costly to mimic those with positive private information, facilitating separation of managers through efficient investment. Thus, curbing managerial myopia by removing or overly restricting earnings management may have the unintended consequence of impairing investment efficiency.
Leading by Example in Socially Driven Organizations: The Effect of Transparent Leader Compensation Contracts on Following
Authors: Schuhmacher Karl , Towry Kristy L. , Zureich Jacob 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Leading by example is one of the most powerful methods to encourage individuals to work toward a common objective. Despite the importance of leadership, little is known about how the effectiveness of leading by example depends on institutional features, such as the transparency and design of leaders' compensation contracts. We conduct two experiments to study this interplay between leadership and contracting in organizations with social missions (i.e., socially driven organizations). We find that under non-transparent contracts, leader contributions to the social objective positively influence follower contributions, reflecting effective leading by example. More importantly, under transparent contracts, the positive effect of leader contributions on follower contributions is diminished by an increase in the intensity of variable compensation and/or the amount of fixed compensation in the leader's contract. Our study informs the debate on pay transparency and demonstrates that organizations need to carefully consider the effects of contract design on leadership effectiveness.
Data Availability: Contact the authors.
JEL Classifications: C90; D63; D83; M40; M52.