bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous detection of diethylstilbestrol and estradiol residues with a single immunochromatographic assay strip
Authors: Xu Zehua , Sun Tieqiang , He Hongwei , Liu Wentao , Fan Longxing , Zhao Lingdi , Wu Xinglin , Han Zhenyu , Zhang Yingcun , Wang Qiangqiang , Ning Baoan , Gao Zhixian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on competitive format was developed and validated for simultaneously rapid and sensitive detection of diethylstilbestrol (DES) and estradiol (E2) in milk and tissue samples. For this purpose, two monoclonal antibodies raised against those two estrogens were conjugated to gold nanoparticles and were applied to the conjugate pads of the test strip. The competitors of the DES‐BSA/E2‐BSA conjugates were immobilized onto a nitrocellulose membrane at two detection zones to form T1 and T2, respectively. The immunochromatographic assay had a visual detection limit of DES at 30 ng/g in milk powder, 25 ng/g in liquid milk, and 25 ng/g in shrimp tissue, respectively, and the results can be judged within 7–10 min. The visual detection limit of E2 was 75 ng/g in milk powder, 65 ng/g in liquid milk, and 60 ng/g in shrimp tissue, respectively, and the results can be judged within 3–4 min. It had advantages in easy operation without requiring sophisticated equipment and specialized skills. By testing thirty milk and shrimp tissue samples from the local market, the method was compared with the HPLC‐MS / MS method, and there was no statistical difference between the two methods. Furthermore, the immunochromatographic assay had good specificity, simple procedure, and low cost. This protocol was well suited for the food safety monitoring and early warning.
Low‐ and high‐dose radioiodine ablation for low‐/intermediate‐risk differentiated thyroid cancer in China: Large randomized clinical trial
Authors: Dong Ping , Wang Li , Qu Yuan , Huang Rui , Li Lin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo determine whether 1.1 GBq radioiodine therapy is as effective as 3.7 GBq for ablation in Chinese patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).MethodsIn this single‐center randomized study, we compared the successful radioiodine ablation rates of 1.1 GBq and 3.7 GBq for patients with DTC.ResultsAt 6–8 months after radioiodine ablation, there were 95 (39%) patients in the 1.1 GBq group and 79 (32%) patients in the 3.7 GBq group with thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW), and ablation success rates were 84% versus 80%, respectively; and 149 (61%) patients in the 1.1 GBq group and 169 (68%) patients in the 3.7 GBq group without THW, and ablation success rates were 89% versus 90%, respectively. In total, the ablation was successful in 412 (87%) of the 474 patients, and it was similar between the two groups.ConclusionsLow‐dose radioiodine ablation was as effective as high dose in Chinese DTC patients.
Cervical polyps in early pregnancy are a risk factor for late abortion and spontaneous preterm birth: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hirayama Emi , Ebina Yasuhiko , Kato Kei , Akabane‐Nakagawa Kinuko , Okuyama Kazuhiko 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the association between cervical polyps in early pregnancy and late abortion and spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB). We also aimed to explore the relationship between cervical polyps and cervical insufficiency in the second trimester.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of 2941 singleton pregnant women between January 2010 and December 2015. The frequency of late abortion and SPTB (before 28, 34, or 37 weeks of pregnancy) was compared between the two groups of 142 (4.8%) patients who had cervical polyps early in the pregnancy (P group) and 2799 who did not (non‐P group). Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for late abortion and SPTB.ResultsThe incidence of late abortion and SPTB was significantly higher in the P group than in the non‐P group. Cervical polyps in early pregnancy were selected as independent risk factors for late abortion and SPTB before 28, 34, or 37 weeks of pregnancy. The P group had a significantly higher rate of cases requiring therapeutic cervical cerclage than the non‐P group.ConclusionCervical polyps in early pregnancy are risk factors for late abortion and SPTB. They are also associated with the occurrence of cervical insufficiency.
Iodido equatorial ligands influence on the mechanism of action of Pt(IV) and Pt(II) anti‐cancer complexes: A DFT computational study
Authors: Scoditti Stefano , Vigna Vincenzo , Dabbish Eslam , Sicilia Emilia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA detailed computational exploration of the most relevant steps of iodido Pt(IV) complexes reduction and Pt(II) drugs mechanism of action and eventual deactivation is presented here inspired by the recent findings on iodido Pt(II) complexes and surprising re‐evaluation of their cytotoxic activity. Pt(II) and Pt(IV) model systems are investigated and compared with cisplatin and its Pt(IV) derivative. Both monodeprotonated ascorbic acid and l‐cysteine are used as reducing agents in the inner‐sphere reduction mechanism of Pt(IV) complexes. Aquation mechanism of iodido Pt(II) complexes, interaction with guanine and sulfur containing compounds and reaction with the model protein hen egg white lysozyme are explored, due to a detected different behavior with respect to classical platinum drugs. The outcomes of such exploration allow to shed light on the role that the increased soft character together with bridging and leaving abilities of iodide over chloride could play in determining the cytotoxic profile of iodido Pt drugs.
Herbal therapy as a promising approach for regulation on lipid profiles: A review of molecular aspects
Authors: Roghani‐Shahraki Hossein , Karimian Mohammad , Valipour Saboora , Behjati Mohaddeseh , Arefnezhad Reza , Mousavi Abolfazl 
Published: January 2021

AbstractImpaired lipid profile is defined as abnormal plasma levels of low‐density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. This disease state is associated with the development and progression of various disorders, such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and acute myocardial infarction. Globally, all of these disorders are related to a significant rate of death. Therefore, finding a suitable approach for the prevention and treatment of lipid profile‐related disorders is in the spotlight. Recently, herbal therapy has been considered a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of hyperlipidemia or its related disorders due to its safety and efficacy. Hereby, we address the potential benefits of some of these herbal compounds on different aspects of lipid profile and its abnormalities with a special focus on their underlying mechanisms. Using herbal products, such as teas and mushrooms, or their derivatives, Rosmarinus officinalis Linn, Curcuma longa, Green tea, Lippia triphylla, Lippia citriodora, Plantago asiatica L, Vine tea, and Grifola frondosa have been proved to exert several therapeutic impacts on lipid profile and its related disorders, and we would provide a brief review on them in this literature.
Homogentisic acid induces cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix alteration in alkaptonuric cartilage
Authors: Galderisi Silvia , Cicaloni Vittoria , Milella Maria S. , Millucci Lia , Geminiani Michela , Salvini Laura , Tinti Laura , Tinti Cristina , Vieira Otilia V. , Alves Liliana S. , Crevenna Alvaro H. , Spiga Ottavia , Santucci Annalisa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlkaptonuria (AKU) is an ultra‐rare disease caused by the deficient activity of homogentisate 1,2‐dioxygenase enzyme, leading the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA) in connective tissues implicating the formation of a black pigmentation called “ochronosis.” Although AKU is a multisystemic disease, the most affected tissue is the articular cartilage, which during the pathology appears to be highly damaged. In this study, a model of alkaptonuric chondrocytes and cartilage was realized to investigate the role of HGA in the alteration of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The AKU tissues lost its architecture composed of collagen, proteoglycans, and all the proteins that characterize the ECM. The cause of this alteration in AKU cartilage is attributed to a degeneration of the cytoskeletal network in chondrocytes caused by the accumulation of HGA. The three cytoskeletal proteins, actin, vimentin, and tubulin, were analyzed and a modification in their amount and disposition in AKU chondrocytes model was identified. Cytoskeleton is involved in many fundamental cellular processes; therefore, the aberration in this complex network is involved in the manifestation of AKU disease.
The NLRP3 inflammasome: Multiple activation pathways and its role in primary cells during ventricular remodeling
Authors: Yan Zhipeng , Qi Zhongwen , Yang Xiaoya , Ji Nan , Wang Yueyao , Shi Qi , Li Meng , Zhang Junping , Zhu Yaping 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInflammasomes are a group of multiprotein signaling complexes located in the cytoplasm. Several inflammasomes have been identified, including NLRP1, NLRP2, NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4. Among them, NLRP3 was investigated in most detail, and it was reported that it can be activated by many different stimuli. Increased NLRP3 protein expression and inflammasome assembly lead to caspase‐1 mediated maturation and release of IL‐1β, which triggers inflammation and pyroptosis. The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been widely reported in studies of tumors and neurological diseases, but relatively few studies on the cardiovascular system. Ventricular remodeling (VR) is an important factor contributing to heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI). Consequently, delaying VR is of great significance for improving heart function. Studies have shown that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an essential role in the process of VR. Here, we reviewed the latest studies on the activation pathway of the NLRP3 inflammasome, focusing on the effects of the NLRP3 inflammasome in primary cells during VR, and finally discuss future research directions in this field.
Foliar spray application of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) and S‐nitrosoglutathione enhances productivity, physiological and biochemical parameters of lettuce plants
Authors: Pelegrino Milena T , Pieretti Joana C , Lange Camila Neves , Kohatsu Marcio Yukihiro , Freire Bruna Moreira , Batista Bruno Lemos , Fincheira Paola , Tortella Gonzalo R , Rubilar Olga , Seabra Amedea B 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDGreen‐tea‐synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and S‐nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, were applied individually and in combination to lettuce leaves. We aimed to investigate whether a combined application of CuO NPs and GSNO might enhance plant growth when compared to individual treatments and the control group.RESULTSSpherical CuO NPs (13.4 ± 0.1 nm) at 50 μg mL−1 and/or GSNO at 100 μmol L−1 were individually and simultaneously sprayed onto lettuces leaves. All treatments had a positive effect on plant growth, and the administration of CuO NPs + GSNO promoted a threefold increase in lettuce dry weight. The treatments did not change plant transpiration, and all treatments enhanced instantaneous carboxylation efficiency compared to control. In the roots, all treatments enhanced the levels of S‐nitrosothiol in the following order: CuO NPs < GSNO < CuO NPs + GSNO. Administration of GSNO significantly increased total phenolic content (twofold) and flavonoid content (fourfold) compared to the control group. All treatments increased the leaf levels of K, Na, Ca, Mg and S compared to the control group.CONCLUSIONAll treatments promoted positive effects on lettuce growth, and no oxidative damage was observed, under the experimental conditions evaluated. A combined administration of CuO NPs and GSNO enhanced important physiological, biochemical and nutritional parameters of lettuces. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Stereometric characterization ofDinizia excelsaDucke wood from Amazon rainforest using atomic force microscopy
Authors: da Conceição Willian Silva , Ţălu Ştefan , Matos Robert Saraiva , Ramos Glenda Quaresma , Zayas Fidel Guereiro , da Fonseca Filho Henrique Duarte 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDinizia excelsaDucke under three different cut conditions were carefully analyzed. The morphology and stereometry of different wood cutting surfaces (longitudinal radial, longitudinal tangential, and transversal) were studied by SEM and AFM. The results obtained in this study suggest that both the height parameters and the advanced stereometric parameters of the surfaces did not reveal a significant difference, indicating that the spatial patterns do not change according to the type of cut. In this way, the surface microtexture does not vary depending on the cut type. Similarly, the Hurst's coefficients did not show any significant difference in the spectrum of the PSD fractal region. On the other hand, Minkowski functionals presented a morphological difference between the samples. These results showed that the microtexture of the wood surface does not change as a function of the type of cut submitted to the same polishing process.
Influence of lived experience on risk perception among women who received a breast cancer polygenic risk score: ‘Another piece of the pie’
Authors: Willis Amanda M. , Smith Sian K. , Meiser Bettina , James Paul A. , Ballinger Mandy L. , Thomas David M. , Yanes Tatiane , Young Mary‐Anne 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPolygenic risk scores (PRS) are personalized assessments of disease risk based on the cumulative effect of common low‐risk genetic variants. PRS have been shown to accurately predict women's breast cancer risk and are likely to be incorporated into personalized breast cancer risk management programs. However, there are few studies investigating the individual impact of receiving a breast cancer PRS. Existing studies have not demonstrated significant changes in perceived risk or risk management behaviors after receipt of polygenic risk information. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore how women with a family history of breast cancer construct breast cancer risk perceptions after receipt of a breast cancer PRS. Unaffected women with a family history of breast cancer who had not previously received genetic counseling regarding their breast cancer risk were invited to participate in this study. In‐depth, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 20 women who attended a familial cancer clinic in the Australian states of Victoria and Tasmania. Data were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. Women's lived experience played a significant role in the construction and maintenance of their breast cancer risk perception. Women's pre‐existing risk perceptions were informed by their family history and their knowledge that breast cancer is a multifactorial disease. Knowing that breast cancer is a multifactorial disease enabled most women to integrate genetic information with their pre‐existing notions of risk. Women reported that the information they received was consistent with their existing notions of personal risk and screening advice. Therefore, the PRS did not lead to a change in perceived risk or risk management behaviors for most women. The results of this study provide insight into how polygenic risk information is integrated with pre‐existing notions of risk, which will inform its implementation into clinical practice.
Impact of a long‐term air pollution exposure on the case fatality rate of COVID‐19 patients—A multicity study
Authors: Hou Chang‐kai , Qin Ya‐fei , Wang Grace , Liu Quan‐lei , Yang Xin‐yu , Wang Hao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEvidence in the literature suggests that air pollution exposure affects outcomes of patients with COVID‐19. However, the extent of this effect requires further investigation. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between long‐term exposure to air pollution and the case fatality rate (CFR) of patients with COVID‐19. The data on air quality index (AQI), PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3 from 14 major cities in China in the past 5 years (2015–2020) were collected, and the CRF of COVID‐19 patients in these cities was calculated. First, we investigated the correlation between CFR and long‐term air quality indicators. Second, we examined the air pollutants affecting CFR and evaluated their predictive values. We found a positive correlation between the CFR and AQI (1, 3, and 5 years), PM2.5 (1, 3, and 5 years), and PM10 (1, 3, and 5 years). Further analysis indicated the more significant correlation for both AQI (3 and 5 years) and PM2.5 (1, 3, and 5 years) with CFR, and moderate predictive values for air pollution indicators such as AQI (1, 3, and 5 years) and PM2.5 (1, 3, and 5 years) for CFR. Our results indicate that long‐term exposure to severe air pollution is associated with higher CFR of COVID‐19 patients. Air pollutants such as PM2.5 may assist with the prediction of CFR for COVID‐19 patients.
Bigeminal potentials in the pulmonary vein indicate arrhythmogenic trigger of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Mukai Yasushi , Kawai Shunsuke , Inoue Shujiro , Takase Susumu , Sakamoto Kazuo , Nagaoka Kazuhiro , Chishaki Akiko , Tsutsui Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe pulmonary veins (PVs) have unique electrophysiological properties triggering and maintaining atrial fibrillation (AF). Bigeminal PV electrical activity (PV bigeminy) during sinus rhythm has been reported; however, its mechanisms and clinical implication remain unclear. We hypothesized that PV bigeminy indicates arrhythmogenic activities and influences clinical outcome.Methods and ResultsWe retrospectively analyzed electrophysiological studies in 465 patients with AF who underwent first session PV isolation (PVI). PV bigeminy was observed in 30 PVs of 23 patients (4.9% of patients). PV bigeminy was observed in left inferior PV (LIPV) in 15 patients, which was the most prevalent, followed by left superior in seven and right superior in seven and right inferior in one. In response to atrial extra stimulus, the second PV potentials (PV2) showed decremental conduction properties, suggesting reentrant mechanisms involved (n = 5). Interestingly, AF was initiated from the 23 PVs with bigeminy in 21 patients (76.7% of 30 PVs with bigeminy), spontaneously or in response to drugs, which was significantly more prevalent from the AF initiation rate from each PV in the control 442 patients (182 firings in 1290 PVs, 14.1%, P < .0001). PVI‐based ablation was completed in the 23 patients with PV bigeminy and no recurrence was observed during 1‐year follow‐up, whereas four patients needed second sessions.ConclusionsPV bigeminy is relatively rare but a unique electrophysiological finding in AF patients, suggesting reentrant substrate within the PV and/or surrounding tissue. PV bigeminy is a strong indicator of arrhythmogenic vein triggering AF, and ensures an excellent clinical outcome after PVI.
Projections of river floods in Europe using EURO‐CORDEX, CMIP5 and CMIP6 simulations
Authors: Di Sante Fabio , Coppola Erika , Giorgi Filippo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA large ensemble of hydroclimatic simulations is used to simulate the occurrence of river floods over Europe in a climate change context. A river routing model derived from a distributed hydrological model (CHyM) is forced with 44 EURO‐CORDEX, 13 CMIP5 and 7 CMIP6 simulations to assess the effects of climate change on the flood magnitude under two different scenarios. The impact of climate change is evaluated using a 100‐year return period discharge indicator (Q100). Results show a decrease in magnitude of Q100 flood events over the Mediterranean, Scandinavia and north eastern Europe. This latter signal appears particularly robust and in contrast to the projected mean flow signal, which is shown to increase by the end of the century in response to increased mean precipitation. The reduction of snow accumulation during winter induced by a large increase of late winter temperatures is the main reason behind the decrease of floods over the North Eastern regions. An opposite signal is projected over Great Britain, Ireland, Northern Italy and Western Europe, where a robust signal of flood magnitude increase is evident, being driven by an increase of extreme precipitation events. All these simulations are intended for use in impact assessment studies towards the development of suitable response options.
New uses for old tools: Reviving Holdridge Life Zones in soil carbon persistence research
Authors: Jungkunst Hermann F. , Goepel Jan , Horvath Thomas , Ott Simone , Brunn Melanie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGrowing evidence suggests that climate classification facilitates the identification of zones that either agree or disagree with processes explaining soil organic carbon (SOC) persistence. Already forty years ago, Post et al. (1982) posited that the strict temperature and precipitation‐based classification defining the Holdridge Life Zones (HLZ) provides a descriptive tool to guide our understanding of the heterogeneous distribution of global SOC stocks. Here we argue that this classification has the potential for describing SOC persistence by linking top‐down and bottom‐up approaches from different scales, which allows selection of individual regional relevancies necessary to manage and track the fate of our largest terrestrial carbon (C) reservoir.
Effect of Force, Posture, and Repetitive Wrist Motion on Intraneural Blood Flow in the Median Nerve
Authors: Ehmke Samantha , Farias Zuniga Amanda , Keir Peter J. 
Published: January 2021

ObjectivesPinching, deviated wrist postures, and repetitive motion are risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. Hypervascularization of the median nerve and increased intraneural blood flow proximal to the carpal tunnel result in finger force and deviated wrist postures. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of pinching with and without force, wrist posture, and repetitive wrist motion on intraneural blood flow in the median nerve.MethodsEleven healthy and 11 carpal tunnel syndrome–symptomatic individuals completed 3 sections of this study: 15 pinch posture force trials, 3 repetitive wrist motion trials, and 3 static wrist posture trials. Intraneural blood flow (centimeters per second) was measured with pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound during each trial. Transverse B‐mode images obtained from static trials were used to calculate the median nerve cross‐sectional area and circumference.ResultsAn analysis of variance statistical analysis revealed significant main effects of pinch posture force (F4,80 = 21.397; P < .001) and wrist posture (F2,40 = 14.545; P < .001). Intraneural blood flow velocities were significantly greater when 6 N of force was applied by the thumb, finger, or pinch compared to no applied force in the same postures. Intraneural blood flow velocities were higher at 30° wrist flexion (mean ± SD, 2.24 ± 0.42 cm/s) than neutral (2.06 ± 0.45 cm/s) and 30° wrist extension (1.97 ± 0.46 cm/s). No changes were found in response to repetitive wrist motion.ConclusionsFlexed wrists as well as applied finger and thumb forces increase median nerve blood flow at the entry to the carpal tunnel, which may negatively affect the median nerve.