bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gas-discharge plasma application for ion-beam treatment of the holes’ inner surfaces
Authors: Sivin D O , Korneva O S , Ivanova A I , Vakhrushev D O 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The possibility to modify the holes and pipes’ inner surface with focused high-intensity low-energy ion beams was first shown in this work. The studies were carried out using an axially symmetric single-grid system for the ions’ extraction from a free plasma boundary with subsequent ballistic focusing of the ion beam. Ion implantation of the inner surface was carried out in the region of the ion beam defocusing. The studies considered the effect of a nitrogen ions’ beam with energy of 1.4 keV on the inner surface of a tube with a diameter of 20 mm made of stainless steel AISI 321. The beams were formed with a repetition rate of 40 kHz and pulse durations of 5, 7.5 and 10 μs. It is shown that the mutual deposition of the sputtered material on the tube’ opposite sides partly compensates for ion sputtering. As a result of implantation of the inner surface of a pipe made of stainless steel AISI 321, the nitride layers with a thickness of more than 15 microns with a nitrogen dopant content of 22-30 at.% were obtained.
Electron beam modification of the structure and properties of silumins with various silicon concentrations
Authors: Zaguliaev D V , Klopotov A A , Ivanov Y F , Ustinov A M , Abzaev Y A , Teresov A D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This work intended to analyse the structure and properties of hypoeutectic silumin treated by a pulsed electron beam. The study has shown that the silumin surface modified by a pulsed electron beam fractures due to the formation and propagation of microcracks along the boundaries of high-speed crystallization cells. In the untreated material (the concentration of silicon in the alloy is irrelevant) microcracks tend to originate and propagate along the phase boundaries between aluminum and silicon. The research has revealed that the plasticity of irradiated AK5M2 silumin is 1.6 higher and the strength is 1.1 lower than these characteristics of the untreated material; the irradiated AK10M2H silumin fractures at higher (by ≈ 30%) applied stress and higher (by 30%) plastic deformation than the untreated material.
Adhesion strength of Tii_xCx – DLC multilayer nanocomposite thin films coated by ion-plasma deposition on martensitic stainless steel produced by selective laser melting followed by plasma-nitriding and burnishing
Authors: Lezhnin N V , Makarov A V , Kuznetsov V P , Vladimirov A B , Skorynina P A , Sirosh V A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
[Ti0.2C0.8/a-C]40 multilayer thin films composed of forty pairs of TiC and pure carbon layers were formed on a selective laser melted (SLM) martensitic stainless steel by means of ion-plasma deposition process. SLM steel was pre-treated by one of the two following schemes: (1) oil quenching from 1040°C followed by heating to 480°C for 4 hours and air cooling (HT), finish milling (FM); (2) HT, FM, ion-plasma nitriding followed by burnishing. Mechanical failure mode and critical load Lc
for damaging the coatings were determined using linear scratch tests performed at linearly-increased normal force. Indentation by conical diamond tip were carried out in order to asses an elastic recovery and energy dissipation coefficient defined as the ratio of plastic to total deformation energy. The scratch test results showed that the post-processing of the substrate strongly influenced the failure mode of the coating and increased the critical load from 320 mN to 920 mN. Indentation revealed that nitriding and burnishing before coating deposition increase the elastic recovery of the [Ti0.2C0.8/a-C]40 coating-substrate system from 24% to 68%. The energy dissipation coefficient drops from 79% to 45%.
Simulation of the evolution of agglomerated SiO2 particles in thermal plasma flow
Authors: Shekhovtsov V V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper studies the behavior of agglomerated SiO2 particles in thermal plasma processing. The main stages are determined for their transformation to the hollow melt droplets. The proposed model, which includes partial encapsulation of gas, allows describing and analyzing the evolution stages for the particle size and the shell thickness in the ranges of 50-150 μm agglomerated particles and their 0.2-0.6 porosity.
Studying the influence of the energy parameters of the plasma dynamic synthesis process on the dispersed products of the W–C system
Authors: Sivkov A A , Shanenkov I I , Nikitin D S , Nassyrbayev A , Rakhmatullin I A , Tsimmerman A I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Tungsten carbide and its different crystalline phases are widely used for production of metalworking tools due to their excellent physical and mechanical characteristics. However, there is still a problem of synthesizing the cubic modification of tungsten carbide. This paper demonstrates the results on studying the influence of the energy parameters of the plasma dynamic synthesis process on the dispersed products of the W–C system. It was revealed that the initial energy parameters directly influence the phase composition of synthesized products. There were found the optimal conditions for synthesizing the dispersed products from the standpoint of the high output of cubic tungsten carbide phase (more than 85 wt.%). According to transmission electron microscopy data, all the products are characterized by the presence of particles with a core-shell structure embedded into the amorphous carbon matrix.
Study of particles of plasma dynamic synthesis product in the Ti-O system by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Sivkov A A , Vympina Y N , Rakhmatullin I A , Ivashutenko A S , Shanenkova Y L , Tsimmerman A I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper demonstrates the possibility of obtaining a dispersed product in the Ti-O system by the method of plasma dynamic synthesis. It was revealed that the product consists of two modifications of TiO2: anatase and rutile. The degree of crystallinity is at a level of ~ 98.0%, which indicates the practical absence of an amorphous component. The predominant phase is anatase, which is confirmed by the results of quantitative X-ray phase analysis and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.
Study of steam methane reforming in plasma generated by nanosecond surface gas discharge
Authors: Filatov I E , Kuznetsov D L , Uvarin V V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper represents the results of the experimental study of steam methane reforming under the action of spark discharge on water surface. Values of conversion rate and output of reaction products at methane pressures of 1 to 5 atm were obtained, and specific energy consumption of reforming process was determined. Pulse generator with a voltage amplitude up to 200 kV and a pulse duration of 15 ns was used to power the discharge. Although an increase in pressure decreases both the methane conversion rate and the energy deposition into the gas mixture, the conversion efficiency and specific energy consumption remain the same. The obtained minimum value of specific energy consumption for steam methane reforming amounted to 10 eV/molecule.
Plasma-solution synthesis of particles containing transition metals
Authors: Smirnova K V , Shutov D A , Ivanov A N , Rybkin V V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper proposes a new method for the synthesis of powders containing transition metals using a plasma-solution system. The reactor was an H-shaped glass cell, the two parts of which were separated by a cellophane membrane. A discharge consisting of two discharges - with a liquid cathode and a liquid anode - a high voltage is applied to titanium electrodes located above the surface of the solution. Aqueous solutions of zinc, iron, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, and copper nitrates were used as the liquid phase. Under the action of the discharge on the liquid anode, in the region of contact of the discharge with the solution the formation of a colloidal suspension was observed. The kinetics of the process of synthesis of solid-phase particles in solution under the action of a discharge have been studied. The chemical composition and morphology of the formed solid phase have been established. The mechanisms of chemical reactions occurring in the solution under the action of plasma, and the mechanisms of formation of transition metal oxides in the process of calcining the synthesized powders have been proposed.
Droplets generation conducting during laser-plasma treating of metals in electric field
Authors: Yu Ivanov A , Sitkevich A L , Vasil’ev S V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Evolution of plasma plume generation on the surface of metal irradiated by laser beam with the mean radiation flux density ~ 106 W/cm2 in the external electric field with different polarity and field strength from 0 to 106 V/m was experimentally investigated. It is shown that the mean size of metal droplets carried out from the irradiated zone of target becomes materially (in several times) smaller when of the external electric field strength amplitude grow, independently to its polarity. It is essential that the mentioned differences (at the considered parameters of laser radiation) are observed only at the initial stage of the laser plume development, because after the steam-plasma cloud reaches the electrode an electric breakdown (short-circuit) occurs, and the external field in the interelectrode gap disappears. Electric breakdown leads to the spasmodic increase of electron density and temperature of plasma and to effective absorption of laser radiation by plasma torch (shielding of the target). In consequence of shielding droplets generation happens only during electric field existence. This explains decrease by several times of the characteristic size of the target substance droplets in spite of short duration of electric field existence.
The study of instabilities role of plasma in the high-voltage discharge formation initiated by optical radiation at high pressures in high-voltage optically triggered switches
Authors: Lipchak A I , Barakhvostov S V , Volkov N B , Chingina E A , Turmyshev I S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the experimental results of triggering a high-voltage gas gap by YAG: Nd3+ laser radiation. The gas gap was used as the primary switch of a high-current pulsed e-beam RADAN-type accelerator. As a result, an operating regime when the instability and delay time appeared to be minimal was experimentally found. The developed gas gap and the found operating regimes sustain the switching instability no more than 0.3 ns. The physical mechanisms determining the switch-on delay and the obtained level of instability are discussed.
Investigation of the effect of condensed phase on the energy conditions for the initiation of the plasma-chemical process of flue gas cleaning by a pulsed electron beam
Authors: Sazonov R , Kholodnaya G , Ponomarev D , Egorov I , Poloskov A , Serebrennikov M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This work investigates the processes of dissipation of the charge and energy of a pulsed electron beam in gas compositions (nitrogen, carbon dioxide and oxygen) in the presence of ammonium sulphate and nitrate. A pulsed electron beam generated by the TEA-500 accelerator (Tomsk, Russia) with an electron energy of up to 410 keV, a beam current of up to 5 kA (I0
), and a half-amplitude voltage pulse duration of 60 ns was injected into a 46 cm long drift chamber filled with a gas mixture. The pulsed electron beam current (IFC
) passing through the drift chamber was registered using a sectioned calorimeter with beam charge monitor function, and the efficiency of the current passage of the beam was determined as the ratio qFC/q0
, where q0
is the beam charge measured at the place of its injection into the chamber drift. The pressure in the drift chamber varied (375, 560 and 760 Torr, humidity value 15% ± 5% and 50% ± 5%). The geometric dimensions of the plasma-chemical reactor for initiating plasma-chemical reactions of flue gas cleaning were determined.
Creating nanoscale luminescence centres in silver halides suitable for infrared application
Authors: Korsakova E A , Lisenkov V V , Zhukova L V , Orlov A N , Korsakov A S , Osipov V V , Lvov A E , Platonov V V , Salimgareev D D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study shows the possibility of creating luminescence centres in silver halide media using substances based on rare-earth elements such as neodymium, ytterbium and dysprosium. These luminescent substances in the form of fine particles of both nanoscale and microscale dimensions can be introduced into the AgCl0.25Br0.75 ceramic matrix highly transparent in the spectral range of 0.5–35 μm. Our theoretical and experimental studies showed that the introduction of luminescent nanoparticles or microparticles at the amount of 0.5 wt.% into AgCl0.25Br0.75 ceramics neither reduces the level of its transmission in the MIR region nor shortens the range of transmission. What is more, we proved that the luminescent properties of nanoparticles remain well preserved after doping silver halide ceramic media with them. Therefore, silver halides doped with rare-earth elements in question can be used for developing the sources of coherent middle infrared radiation, with appropriate energy levels being excited by optical radiation or pulsed electric field.
Evaluation of the effect of pre-sowing electron irradiation of barley seeds on plant development and disease incidence
Authors: Loy N N , Sanzharova N I , Gulina S N , Suslova O V , Chizh T V , Vorobyov M S , Yu Doroshkevich S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The effect of electron irradiation of barley seeds of the Vladimir variety on the development of plants, disease incidence and productivity in controlled greenhouse conditions has been studied. It was found that the effectiveness of the effect of seed treatment with low-energy electronic radiation in the dose range of 30–150 kGy on the morphometric parameters of barley largely depends on the accelerating voltage – 130 kV (mode 1) and 160 kV (mode 2). It was noted that irradiation suppressed the formation of chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids in barley leaves at all doses and irradiation regimes and, at the tendency level, reduced the infestation of Bipolaris sorokiniana plants in the tillering and heading phases. It was shown that irradiation of seeds caused an increase in the total tillering of plants (mode 2), but at the same time reduced the productive tillering. Electron irradiation caused an increase in the mass of 1000 grains and did not affect the yield of grain and straw.
Ytterbium impulse laser for surface modification of tool steel with B4C-Al powders
Authors: Mishigdorzhiyn U L , Ulakhanov N S , Nomoev A V , Lupsanov A B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with a new application solution of Ytterbium Picosecond Pulsed Fiber Laser for surface modification of 3Kh2V8F hot-work tool steel (the analog of AISI H21 steel). Surface modification was conducted by B4C-Al powders from preplaced pastes followed by laser heating. The ratio of B4C-Al powders was taken as 5/1 by weight and the paste thickness was approximately 1 mm. Laser treatment was conducted according to the following parameters: 1070 nm of wavelength, 100 W of power, 1 mJ of pulse energy, 100 ns pulse duration, pulse frequency range from 50 kHz to 90 kHz. Several tracks with different widths were obtained as a result of treatment depending on velocity of the laser move. EDS analysis showed that B4C particles were not completely dissolved in the weld beads. However, an enhanced concentration of boron (8-12 wt.%) was revealed in the vicinity of B4C particles. The aluminum concentration was low (up to 0.79 wt.%) on the surface of the weld beads.
Investigative study of the radiation damage on fuel clad of miniature neutron source reactor using computational tools
Authors: Alhassan S , Beliavskii S V , Nesterov V N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Core conversion requires some evaluation of the reactor safety. Changes to the reactivity worth, shutdown margin, power density and material properties are crucial to the proper functioning of the reactor. The focus of this article is to study the neutron flux distribution in the reactor core and radiation damage on candidate clads. The Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) operates at maximum power of 30 kW in order to attain a flux of 1.0× 1012 n·cm–2·s for the high enriched uranium core. Using the GHARR-1 core geometry, considering 348 fuel pins, the multiplication factor (Keff) is calculated at enrichments of 10%, 12.5%, 16%, 20%, 30% and 90.2%. The spectrum of neutron flux generated in the 26 group is also calculated at the specified enrichments. The ion/particle interactions with the targets (clad) were studied in the Stopping and Range of Ion in Matter code to establish the best clad material based on recorded defects and vacancies generated. From the calculations and simulations, the best choice from the candidate clads based on the assessment is SiC. The calculation of the fuel campaign length gives 7.5 years. The defects sustained by the prospective clad showed low susceptibility to swelling and other forms of deformation.
Nanocomposite films of CNPs/CuO structures by electrophoresis method
Authors: Aung Nay Win , Pugachevskii M A , Kuzmenko A P , Than Myo Min 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the results of ordering a composite of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) coated copper oxide (CuO) on the silicon substrate by the electrophoresis method and, particles size and chemical composition have analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, an Atomic Force Microscope, and Scanning Electron Microscope. Carbon nanoparticles from Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) using the centrifugation method are applied by a pipette (by the drop method) on the silicon substrate with copper electrodes under the direct electric field to obtain CNPs-CuO nanocomposite films. It has been shown that carbon nanoparticles in solutions upon dispersion in an ultrasonic bath and subsequent centrifugation have a limiting particle size of 38 nm and CNPs solution can be controlled to obtain the nanocomposite films by the electrophoretic forces.
Investigation of the role of chemically active radicals in the antibacterial properties of a low-temperature plasma jet at ambient pressure mixed with argon and air
Authors: Ashurbekov N A , Isaeva Z M , Rabadanov K M , Shakhsinov G S , Murtazaeva A A , Israpov E K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The work is devoted to the study of a low-temperature plasma jet of atmospheric pressure in a mixture of air with argon, used in plasma medicine. The intensities of the spectral emission bands of OH– (309 nm), N2 (337 nm), and N2 (356 nm) in different parts of the plasma jet were investigated depending on the argon flow rate and the amplitude of voltage pulses at the electrodes of the dielectric barrier discharge. The antibacterial effect of such a plasma jet on the surface of biological tissues has been experimentally investigated. Numerical simulation of ionization processes in the studied plasma source has been performed in the COMSOL Multiphysics software using. The dynamics of the distribution of excited molecules in the plasma torch as well as the kinetic plasma processes inside the plasma torch affecting the spatial distribution of its main characteristics have been analyzed.
Combined electric discharge “arc + discharge with liquid electrolyte cathode”
Authors: Tazmeev G K , Timerkaev B A , Tazmeev K K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A combination of an electric arc and discharge with a liquid electrolyte cathode in a single discharge gap has been created. The plasma column of discharge with liquid electrolyte cathode formed a “hollow cylinder”. The electric arc was burned in a vapor-gas environment inside the “hollow cylinder”. The gas discharge current with liquid electrolyte cathode was set in the range of 5-10 A, and the arc current varied in the range of 1-10 A. Aqueous solutions of sodium chloride with a specific electrical conductivity of 10-15 mS/cm were used as a liquid electrolyte. Spectral studies have been carried out in the visible range of radiation. In the experiments, copper and duralumin metal cathodes were used.
Thrust characteristics of compact high-voltage pulsed plasma thruster utilizing liquid propellant
Authors: Buldashev S A , Emlin R V , Morozov P A , Punanov I F , Shcherbakov Ye N , Yashnov L Yu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work, we present the results on thrust performance of 0.5 kg sub-joule pulsed plasma thruster prototype based on a high-voltage transformer with magnetic storage capable of work at frequency of 400 Hz. The discharge unit is made of ferroelectric ceramics with an option for utilizing liquid propellant. In case of vacuum oil as a propellant, we obtained values of thrust of ~ 80 nN·s per discharge and 33 μN·s for 400 pulses in 1 second.
Methods of increasing the dielectric strength of the accelerating gap in an electron source with a plasma cathode
Authors: Moskvin P V , Devyatkov V N , Shin V I , Vorobyov M S , Koval N N , Lopatin I V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This work represents the investigations for decreasing acceleration gap breakdown probability of plasma source of electrons SOLO, with grid stabilization of the boundaries of the arc cathode plasma. We increased the distance to the treated target, bent the transportation channel of the electron beam, created additional plasma in the anode space, and increased the beam front. The effect of the above measures on the breakdown probability when the target is exposed of a low-energy electron beam with a power density of up to 0.5 MW/cm2 with a diameter of 2.5 cm was investigated separately. Beam deflection is most effective at relatively long pulse durations of 150 μs and accelerating voltage of 20 kV, rather than a lower one. It was possible to double the maximum power for the same beam transport length applied to a low-melting target. Preionization in the anode proved to be effective for relatively short beams of 15 μs duration.
Subnanosecond switching of standard thyristors triggered in impact-ionization wave mode by a high-voltage PCSS driver
Authors: Gusev A , Prudaev I , Lavrinovich I , de Ferron A , Novac B M , Pecastaing L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Power thyristors triggered in impact-ionization wave mode are capable to replace spark gap switches, bringing major advantages into repetitive pulsed power industrial applications. Low power thyristors remained for the moment out of the research focus, most likely because of the challenging driver, which must provide a sufficiently fast and powerful triggering pulse. This paper describes subnanosecond switching of standard off-the-shelf low-power thyristors in impact-ionization wave mode, running by the PCSS trigger generator based on the laser diode and GaAs switches. Several types of thyristors with a rated voltage from 0.6 kV to 2.2 kV have been tested running by both a commercial FID and by the tailored PCSS generators. The triggering and current flow stages were examined. For the 1.6 kV thyristor (TO-247 package), the following parameters have been obtained: switching time 250 ps, dI/dt up to 12 kA/μs, amplitude 85 A and FWHM about 60 ns. In this mode, the first 103 pulses have not revealed any thyristor degradation.
Influence of the cathode region preionization on the operating parameters of the eptron
Authors: Bokhan P A , Lavrukhin M A , Zakrevsky D E 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Investigations of the operating parameters of a plasma-cathode switch based on a capillary discharge in helium and neon in the burst mode are presented. An increase in the efficiency of the switch is demonstrated when an additional preionization pulse is applied at a low pulse repetition frequency (5 kHz). The compression ratio of voltage pulses more than 300 is achieved at a pulse repetition frequencies less than 40 kHz.