bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CUMHURİYETİN İLK YILLARINDA HALKI YOKSULLAŞTIRAN SALGIN: VEBA-İ BAKARÎ
Authors: KARDAŞ Abdulaziz 
Published: December 2021

Salgın hastalıklar, tarih boyunca insan varlığını ve toplumları tehdit eden önemli bir unsur olmuştur. İnsanları etkileyen salgın hastalıklarının yanında geçim kaynağı olan hayvanları yok eden salgınlar da bulunmaktadır. Veba-i bakarî, tarih boyunca hayvan hastalıkları arasında büyük kayıplara sebep olmuş salgınların başında gelmiş ve bütün dünyada özellikle doğu ülkelerinde büyük iktisadî zararlara yol açmıştır.
Salgın, bütün dünyada olduğu gibi Osmanlı Devletini de etkilemiş ve ülke hayvancılığına kayıplar verdirmiştir. Birinci Dünya Savaşı ve Millî Mücadele dönemlerinde veba-i bakarî cephelerde savaşan ordunun nakliye ve beslenmesinde kullanılan sığırları yok etmiştir. Cumhuriyet Döneminde veba-i bakarî, nüfusunun büyük bir bölümünün hayvancılıkla geçinen Türkiye’nin ekonomik hayatına oldukça olumsuz etkiler yapmıştır. Bu nedenle Cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra da hastalığa karşı mücadeleler verilmiştir.
Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında veba-i bakarî, mücadelede kullanılan serumun ve yeterli sayıda baytar teşkilatının bulunmaması nedeniyle kısa süreler içinde geniş alanlara kadar yayılma imkânı bularak büyük ölçüde hayvan ölümlerine yol açmıştı. Bu dönemde hayvanların veba-i bakarîden korunması için idari, sıhhi ve inzibati tedbirler alınmış, sınırların muhafazası ve gümrük teşkilâtlarının sıkı bir iş birliğiyle hastalık yok edilmiştir.
Gold nanoparticles formulated with Nigella aqueous extract having potent antioxidant ‎and ‎anti-human ovarian cancer activities in vitro condition
Authors: Li Ju , Rashidi Khodabakhsh , Mahdavi Behnam , Goorani Samaneh , Karimian Mohammad , Abbasi Naser , Ghaneialvar Hori , Karimi Elahe , Aidy Ali , Zangeneh Akram 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionRecently, various nanoparticles containing medicinal plants have been specifically designed to deliver anticancer drugs and nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA to cancer cells and as a result, they open up new avenues in cancer treatment strategies. In this study, gold nanoparticles were synthesized in aqueous medium using Nigella damascena extract as ‎stabilizing and reducing agents. ‎Material and methodsThe synthesized nanoparticles (AuNPs) were characterized using different techniques including UV-Vis. and ‎FT-IR spectroscopy, and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM images exhibited a uniform spherical ‎morphology in size of 21.64 nm for the biosynthesized nanoparticles. In the cellular and molecular part of the ‎recent study, the treated cells with AuNPs were assessed by MTT assay for 48h about the cytotoxicity and anti-‎human ovarian cancer ‎ properties on normal (HUVEC) and ovarian cancer cell lines i.e. PA-1, Caov-3, SW 626, ‎and SK-OV-3. ‎ResultsThe viability of malignant ovarian‎ cell line reduced dose-dependently in the presence of AuNPs. The IC50 of ‎AuNPs were 232‎, ‎204‎, ‎193‎, and ‎288 µg/mL against PA-1, Caov-3, SW 626, and SK-OV-3 cell lines, ‎respectively. In the antioxidant test, the IC50 of AuNPs and BHT against DPPH free radicals were 151 and 142 ‎‎µg/mL, respectively. ‎ConclusionsAfter clinical study, gold nanoparticles containing Nigella damascena leaf aqueous extract may be used to ‎formulate a new chemotherapeutic drug or supplement to treat the several types of human ovarian cancer.‎
High Dilution of Dexamethasone in gestation and fetal development of mice
Authors: Bonamin Leoni Villano , Esposito Camila Covolo , Martinho Kátia Silva 
Published: December 2021

Background: Recently, the use of homeopathy in veterinary medicine has grown significantly, mainly for farm animal practice, because of its usefulness in organic production and low cost. There is a Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â wide range of veterinary products available in the Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â marketoften used in females. However, the effect of these products in the litter and derived products for human consummation is completely unknown. Aims: this Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â study sought to Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â develop an experimental model to study the putative effects of high diluted substances in newborns after chronic exposure of females. Methods: based on previous studies, the chosen test substance was dexamethasone 15cH; adult female Balb/c mice were divided into 4 groups: a) treated with PBS (control); b) treated with dexamethasone 15 cH; c) treated with dexamethasone 15cH + dexamethasone 4 mg/kg and d) treated with dexamethasone 4 mg/kg. All medicines were administered subcutaneously, 3 times a week, in females from the first day of pregnancy up to the 20th day after parturition (end of lactation period). TDevelopment of the offspring was evaluated daily Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â for 15 days after birth. Parameters evaluated were: female and offspring viability, number of newborns, time for eye opening, pinna opening, fur growth and postural reflex. Results: the group treated with dexamethasone 15cH Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â showed 39% increase in mortality rate 39 days after the beginning of treatment and 35% increase in fetal mortality at the end of gestation (p=0.0049). Females treated with dexamethasone 4mg/kg + dexamethasone 15cH showed 100% of fetal mortality. After parturition newborn survival in animals exposed to dexamethasone 4 mg/kg was higher than the control (p=0.0002). All other parameters of neonatal development were unchanged among groups. Conclusions: these data point to adverse effect when using high diluted dexamethasone during gestation detectable by this experimental model in Balb/c mice.
Critical issues in learning and teaching: the ideal academic and implications for leadership
Authors: Bennett Dawn 
Published: December 2021

In recent years, the mention of critical issues in learning and teaching in the creative arts has prompted discussion about widening participation, quality assurance, academic workloads and the research-driven higher education environment. While these critical issues are much discussed, they are rarely viewed through the lens of the practicing academic. This article considers what is required of the creative arts academic in order to meet the complex demands of the role. These demands most often include research, teaching, creative practice, service and administrative work, but may also include leadership. Drawing together current discourse on higher education learning and teaching, research, creative practice and policy, this article concludes by asking whether it is possible to fulfil the various demands made upon academics, or whether this ideal is a work of fiction.
SPECIALTY NATURAL RUBBER LATEX FOAM: FOAMABILITY STUDY AND FABRICATION PROCESS
Authors: Ramli Roslim , Chai Ai Bao , Ho Jee Hou , Kamaruddin Shamsul , Rasdi Fatimah Rubaizah Mohd , De Focatiis Davide S. A. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Specialty natural rubber (SpNR) latex, namely, deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) latex and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) latex, has been produced to meet specific product's requirements. However, SpNR is normally used in the form of block rubber to manufacture dry rubber products such as tires and automotive parts. The applications of SpNR latex into latex foam products will be diversified. Findings indicate that foamability of SpNR latex is lower compared to normal latex (LATZ) but shows longer stability time after foamed. Findings also indicate that foam collapse and foam coagulate are two main challenges in the fabrication process of SpNR latex foam. Despite these challenges, SpNR latex foam can be fabricated at different density levels. During the foaming process, additional foaming agent is required to fabricate a SpNR latex foam, which is different from fabricating a normal NR latex foam, especially at low latex foam density. Consequently, a higher level of sodium silicofluoride, used as the gelling agent, is required to set the cell structure of the foam. Findings also indicate that foam density influenced the gelling time and volume shrinkage of the SpNR latex foam. An ideal compounding, foaming, and gelling formulation to fabricate SpNR latex foam via Dunlop batch foaming process has been developed. Morphological study showed that all latex foams are open-cell structure, with lower density foam exhibiting higher porosity and mean pore size. Comparison on hysteresis behavior between DPNR and ENR latex foam indicated that ENR latex foam exhibits higher hysteresis loss ratio compared to DPNR latex foam.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER AND CHEMICAL REACTION COUPLING IN THE RUBBER SEAL VULCANIZATION PROCESS
Authors: Zhang Zhaoxiang , Jia Xiaohong , Guo Fei , Huang Xing , Wang Yuming 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Vulcanization parameters significantly affect the performance of rubber seals and the energy savings of the manufacturing process, which require a relationship between process parameters and vulcanization characteristics. Based on the vulcanization kinetics of rubber seal materials, a transient thermochemical-coupled finite-element model of the vulcanization process was established and solved. Changes in thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity during vulcanization were considered in detail. The effects of operational and structural parameters, such as mold temperature, heating duration, and rubber seal shape, cross-sectional dimensions on vulcanization characteristics were investigated. Finally, feasible suggestions for the vulcanization production of rubber seals are discussed. The study is expected to design parameters and control the vulcanization process of rubber seals accurately.
Heart disease classification based on performance measures using a deep learning model
Authors: BALIKÇI ÇİÇEK İpek , KÜÇÜKAKÇALI Zeynep 
Published: December 2021

Heart disease, which is one of the most common diseases in the world, is expected to remain the leading cause of mortality on a global scale. Therefore the aim of this study is to classify heart disease using a deep learning approach in an open-access dataset that includes data from patients with and without heart disease.
In this study, a deep learning model was applied to an open-access data set containing the data of patients with and without heart disease. The performance of the method used was evaluated with the performance criteria of specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value from the performance criteria obtained from the model were calculated as 0.946, 0.903, 0.9245, 0.9436 and 0.907, respectively.
As a result of the findings obtained from the study, it was seen that the data set we discussed was successfully classified with the deep learning model used. With this obtained high classification performance, the factors associated with the disease can be revealed.
النصرانية و المسيحية
Authors: محمد رجاء الله الحربي، زينب 
Published: December 2021

النصرانية و المسيحية
أجريت هذه الدراسة لإلقاء الضوء على المقارنة بين الرسالة الإلهية الصادقة في عقائدها و تشريعاتها و التي جاء بها عيسى علية السلام و التي تركها علي صدقها و صحتها لم ينلها شيء من التغيير أو التبديل أو التأويل أو التحريف بعد رفعه و انقضاء صلته بالأرض- (نصرانية الأمس)- و مسيحية اليوم تلك الرسالة التي ورثها الحواريون عن عيسى عليه السلام و التزموا بنشرها و تعليمها للناس ثم بولس ثم الكنيسة المسيحية فبدلوا في عقيدتها و غيروا في شريعتها و نسبوا هذا التبديل و التحريف و التغيير إلى عيسى عليه السلام.
كان من أظهر مساوئ هذه المجامع الكنيسة اعتمادها بنوة عيسى لله، ثم ألوهية مع الله، ثم ألوهية الروح القدس ثم تقديس الصليب الذي صلب عليه من اعتقدوا أنه عيسى بن مريم و ليس هو بعيسى.
و قد وصلت في هذه الدراسة إلى بطلان القول ببنوة عيسى علية السلام أو ألوهيته، و بطلان القول بصلب عيسى، ثم بطلان التثليث الذي ينادون به و يرونه حقا و ما هو بحق و لكنه الباطل بعينه.
أحكام الطعن في حكم التحكيم وفقا للقانون السوداني و المقارن
Authors: محمد أحمد عبد الله عبد الله 
Published: December 2021

أحكام الطعن في حكم التحكيم وفقا للقانون السوداني و المقارن
يعتبر إصدار الحكم المرحلة النهائية لإجراءات التحكيم، حيث إن غاية كل خصومة أن يصدر فيها حكم من المحكمة المختصة التي تنظره، و عملا بذلك فإن الوضع العادي لسير إجراءات التحكيم ينتهي بصدور قرار يفصل في موضوع النزاع.
و تعتبر طرق المراجعة و الطعن من المراحل المهمة عقب صدور الحكم القضائي حيث تساهم هذه الإجراءات في استقرار الحكم و تدعيمه و الاطمئنان إليه، و أن الاستئناف و الطعن حق مكفول لأي من أطراف النزاع ؛ فهل يوجد في نظام التحكيم مثل هذه الإجراءات؟ لذلك تبحث هذه الدراسة القواعد المنظمة لإجراءات الطعن في حكم التحكيم سواء كان تحكيما وطنيا أو أجنبيا، و تهدف إلى بحث مسألة فيما إذا كان قانون التحكيم السوداني لسنة 2005 يستوعب كافة التطورات في الإجراءات المتبعة في شان التحكيم التجاري الدولي فيما يتعلق بالطعن في حكم التحكيم، و مقارنة أحكامه بالأحكام الواردة في التشريعات الوطنية الأخرى و قواعد مؤسسات التحكيم للوقوف على حقيقة الوضع في السودان، و للوصول إلى هذه النتيجة اتبعنا المنهج الاستقرائي و قمنا بتقسيم البحث إلى ثلاثة مباحث وفق الموضوعات المطروحة.
دور الإعلام في تعزيز مهارات التعليم
Authors: بدر الدين أحمد إبراهيم محمد 
Published: December 2021

دور الإعلام في تعزيز مهارات التعليم
التعليم من الوظائف المهمة التي يجب أن تتصدي لها وسائل الأعلام في المجتمعات النامية، و بما أن السودان هو أحد الدول النامية ؛ فلا شك أن الآثار المترتبة على التعليم النظامي في ظل تطور وسائل الإعلام تبرز فيه بجلاء، خاصة التلفزيون الذي يتميز بقوة الصورة و فاعلية الحركة و الجاذبية.
تبرز الدراسة دور أجهزة الإعلام تبرز فيه بجلاء، خاصة التلفزيون الذي يتميز بقوة الصورة و فاعلية الحركة و الجاذبية.
تبرز الدراسة دور أجهزة الإعلام في تحقيق وظيفة الإعلام التربوي لمواجهة جملة من التحديات مثل : اتساع المساحة و ظروف الحروب و النزاعات المسلحة، و مخاطبة ذوي الحاجات الخاصة و توفير فرص التعليم للجميع.
تخلص الدراسة إلى بحث الفرص المتاحة لوسائل الأعلام و توظيفها في السودان، و من ثم تقترح الموجهات اللازمة للتوظيف السليم لتلك الوسائل و تحديد أدوار شركاء العملية التعليمية في الاستفادة أملا في مستقبل أفضل، يضمن مواكبة التقانة و حسن التوظيف.
دور وزارة التعليم العالي في إعداد الموارد البشرية : دراسة نظرية لإعداد القوى العاملة
Authors: نبيل محمد دقيل 
Published: December 2021

دور وزارة التعليم العالي في إعداد الموارد البشرية : دراسة نظرية لإعداد القوى العاملة
This study attempts to identify the role of Higher Education Institutions in the preparation and training of qualified man- power.
It investigates the establishments and development of Higher Educational Institutions, their modern conception and their problems in developing countries, especially in the Sudan .Higher Education cannot meet the needs for qualified man- power unless it works according to pre-set plans
Hemşirelik Öğrencileri için Klinik Uygulamalara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi-
Authors: YEŞİL BAYÜLGEN Melek , AKDENİZ UYSAL Deya 
Published: December 2021

Özet
Bu araştırmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin klinik uygulamalara ilişkin tutumlarını ortaya koymaya yarayan geçerli ve güvenilir bir tutum ölçeğinin geliştirilmesidir. Metodolojik tipte tasarlanan çalışmada ilk olarak literatür doğrultusunda klinik uygulamalara yönelik tutum ölçen 34 taslak madde oluşturulmuştur. Uzman görüşüne sunulan ve öneriler doğrultusunda 32 maddeye düşürülen ölçek hemşirelik bölümünde okuyan 365 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizinde (AFA) madde faktör yüklerine bakılarak ölçek 26 maddeye düşürülmüştür. Ölçekteki maddelerin faktör yükleri 0,347-0,745 arasında değişmektedir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi için katılan öğrencilerin dışında 127 öğrenciden tekrar veri toplanarak yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ise karşılaştırmalı uyum indeksleri Yaklaşık Hataların Ortalama Karekökü (RMSEA) =0,097 ve Artık Ortalamaların Karekökü (RMR) =0,09 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa değeri 0,93’tür. Sonuç olarak, geliştirilen ölçeğin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin klinik uygulamalara yönelik tutumları ölçmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır. Geliştirilen ölçeğin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin klinik uygulamalara yönelik duygularını, başarılarını, değerlerini ve becerilerini etkileyen faktörlere yönelik araştırmalarda kullanılabileceği düşünülmekte olup, ölçeğin güvenilirliğine yönelik araştırmaların test-tekrar test gibi farklı güvenilirlik testleriyle de yapılması önerilmektedir.
Retrograt intrarenal cerrahi geriatrik erkek hastalarda böbrek taşı tedavisinde etkin ve güvenilir bir seçenek midir?
Authors: BATUR Ali Furkan , GÜLMEN Mustafa , BÖCÜ Kadir , ALTINTAŞ Emre , GÜL Murat , KAYNAR Mehmet , KILIÇ Özcan , GÖKTAŞ Serdar 
Published: December 2021

Amaç
Bu çalışmada böbrek taşı tedavisi için kliniğimizde retrograt intrarenal cerrahi(RİRC) uygulanılan geriatrik yaş grubu erkek hastaların etkinlik ve güvenlik sonuçlarının, daha genç yaş hasta grubu ile karşılaştırılarak sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Kliniğimizde böbrek taşı nedeniyle RİRC uygulanmış olan, 40 yaş üzeri erkek hastaların verileri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastalar yaşlarına göre iki gruba ayrıldı: 40-64 yaş (Grup 1) ve 65 yaş ve üzeri (Grup 2). Komorbidite değerlendirilmesi için anestezi risk skoru (ASA) ve modifiye Charlson komorbidite indeksi (MCKİ) kullanıldı. Hastanenin kayıt sisteminden ve hastaların dosyalarından genel bilgiler, komplikasyon bilgileri, renal anormallik varlığı, taşın bulunduğu böbrek ve lokalizasyonu, taşın dansitesi, taşın boyutu, taş sayısı verileri ve postoperatif taş temizlenme verileri elde edildi.
Bulgular
Çalışmaya 233 tanesi Grup 1 (40-64 yaş) ve 61 tanesi Grup 2 (65 yaş ve üstü) olmak üzere toplam 294 hasta alınmıştır. ASA ve MCKİ skorları bakımından Grup 2’de yer alan hastaların skorları Grup 1’e göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olarak bulunmuştur (sırasıyla p=.000, p=.000). Gruplar arasında taş dansitesi, taş boyutu, taş hacmi, operasyon süresi, hastanede yatış süreleri ve postoperatif taşsızlık oranları bakımından fark bulunmamıştır. Grup 1’de toplam 25 (%10.7) hastada ve Grup 2’de toplam 10 (%16.4) hastada komplikasyon geliştiği tespit edilmiştir ve gruplar arasında genel komplikasyon oranları açısından istatistiki fark bulunmamıştır (p=.265).
Sonuç
Dünya nüfusunun giderek yaşlanması ile beraber bu hasta grubunun hastalıklarının da en uygun tedavi metodlarıyla tedavi edilmesinin önemi artmıştır. Çalışmamızda RİRC yöntemi ile böbrek taşı tedavisi yaşlı hasta grubunda da güvenli ve etkili olarak çıkmıştır.
The space of ragoûts. Diderot, the dressing gown and Penelope in a beer hall
Authors: Marcheschi Matteo 
Published: December 2021

My article aims to interrogate the tension between space and time in Diderot’s philosophy starting from the tableau of the imagination and its specific functioning.By examining the category of ragoût – a culinary preparation that, during the 18th century, became an expression of an aesthetic of the relationship and harmony between the parts and the whole – I will show how it plays, between the Lettres sur les souds et muets, the Essais sur la peinture, the Salons and the Regrets sur ma vieille robe de chambre, its central role in defining an idea of dynamic spatiality, within which reality and representation coexist in relationships of mutual tension and correspondence.
In fact, the ragoût reveals a conception of convenience which, by interweaving space and time, recalls the processes of human reason and interrogates them in pictorial and real space, making it habitable and comprehensible: if a detail always reveals a totality, activating a process of orientation in reality, when the relationship between the parts and the whole breaks down, the world itself falls apart. It is the law of convenience and ragoût that regulates the world: to change one’s dressing gown is to redefine one's life entirely. If this does not happen, if the relationship between the fragment and the whole is broken, as in La Grenée painting exhibited at the Salon 1767, Penelope appears more suited to a beer hall than to the majestic but sober palace of Ithaca.
Il teatro e l’indagine sull’umano. L’attore moderno in scena... all’ombra di Diderot
Authors: Uberti Foppa Cecilia 
Published: December 2021

Can we say that the 18th century philosophe Denis Diderot and his theses of theatrical aesthetics are still relevant and viable on the modern theatre stage? The article elaborates on our contemporaneity to try to give an answer to this question, creating questionnaires-interviews with four professional actors with questions related to the key themes of Diderot's theatrical and artistic aesthetics, encountering the incredible actuality of the Diderotian vision. The idea of the actor's profession is, in its true essence, an aesthetic idea, thus stimulating a philosophical reflection based on all the great concepts of this discipline, highlighted by the theoretical and practical thought of Diderot and now investigated by the theatrical practice of contemporary actors: body, gestures, genius, interpretation, communication, expression.
The sentiment of the Diderotian comédien on stage overcomes the distinction between a "warm", involved and passionate acting and a "cold", rational and controlled one, and declines its sensibility in a supra-individual meaning, in a concrete presentation of a model with a universal value but possible for the body of the actor on stage, therefore shared by spectators who observe the events happening on stage. In the same way, the modern actor trains on stage, organically and honestly, towards "becoming" in every moment and towards being legible, credible, creative, bringing to the stage actions full of questions that explore the possibilities of being human. In other words, becoming - as one of the actors interviewed in the questionnaire states in a very Diderotian way - «body of all bodies. A body that knows and can tell something universal and that makes vibrate inside the viewer the internal velvet that moves the soul. Even looking at something unrecognizable directly or consciously, I will feel narrated as a human being».
Manajemen Inovasi Pendidikan Karakter Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rohmat Dede 
Published: December 2021

Kondisi pembelajaran pendidikan karakter pada masa pandemi berbeda dengan proses penanaman karakter dalam kondisi pembelajaran secara langsung. Sekolah harus melakukan berbagai inovasi sehingga dalam pelaksanaannya pendidikan karakter tetap terlaksana dengan optimal walaupun saat pandemi . Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis proses manajemen inovasi pendidikan karakter, kendala, solusi serta menganalisis implikasi prilaku yang terbentuk dari upaya pelaksanaan inovasi pendidikan karakter pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di SDIT Nurul Fikri. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis dan pendekatan mix methods dengan strategi exploratory sekuensial. Sumber data ada dua macam yaitu sumber data primer dengan wawancara, angket dan observasi dan sumber data sekunder didapatkan dari dokumen yang berkaitan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa nilai karakter yang dikembangkan di SDIT Nurul Fikri adalah karakter SMART yaitu sholeh, muslih, cerdas, mandiri dan terampil yang merupakan salah satu program unggulan sekolah. Manajemen inovasi pendidikan karakter di SDIT Nurul Fikri menggunakan pendekatan POAC. Perencanaan pengembangan karakter masa pandemi adalah mengarah kepada penetapan tujuan yang hendak dicapai dan perumusan program pendidikan. Proses pengorganisasian meliputi penetapan jadwal pelajaran, jadwal pelaksanaan program pendidikan karakter serta penetapan penanggung jawab kegiatan. Proses actuating yaitu pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter melalui pembelajaran, Ekstrakurikuler dan pembiasaan. Proses controlling yaitu pengawasan yang terintegrasi dengan supervisi sedangkan pengawasan pendidikan karakter melalui ekstrakurikuler dan pembiasaan dilakukan dengan form mutaba’ah dan evaluasi kegiatan yang diisi oleh siswa dan orang tua. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Implementasi fungsi-fungsi manajemen inovasi pendidikan karakter pada masa pandemi di SDIT Nurul Fikri berdampak positif terhadap perkembangan karakter SMART siswa