bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Особенности показателей церебральной оксиметрии при различных видах комбинированной анестезии у детей с врожденной хирургической патологией
Authors: Vlasov A.О. 
Published: April 2021

Актуальность. В последнее десятилетие ближняя инфракрасная спектроскопия приобрела популярность в отделениях новорожденных. С учетом современного международного опыта в представленной работе проведена оценка особенностей церебральной оксиметрии у детей с врожденными пороками развития хирургического профиля при различных видах комбинированной анестезии. Цель исследования: оценить состояние церебральной оксигенации у новорожденных и младенцев с врожденными пороками развития при различных видах анестезиологического сопровождения. Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное исследование были включены 150 новорожденных и младенцев с врожденными пороками развития хирургического профиля в зависимости от анестезии (ингаляционное + региональное; ингаляционное + внутривенное и тотальное внутривенное обезболивание). Анализировались показатели церебральной оксиметрии по сравнению с показателями периферической сатурации, артериального давления, парциального напряжения СО2, О2 в крови, рН. Результаты. Минимальный показатель церебральной оксиметрии отмечен с левого полушария мозга у детей I группы — 50,57 ± 16,66, что может быть неблагоприятным прогностическим фактором в дальнейшем восстановлении и влиянии на когнитивные функции головного мозга ребенка. Через 1 час после операции дети I группы, получавшие комбинированную анестезию севораном с региональным обезболиванием, демонстрировали худшие показатели церебральной оксиметрии по сравнению с детьми II и III групп (rSO2 правого полушария в I группе — 56,84 ± 12,27, rSO2 левого полушария в I группе — 57,53 ± 13,32, р = 0,0001; 0,0028), в то время как различия в показателях II и III групп не выявлены (р = 0,4167; 0,4029). Выводы. Ближняя параинфракрасная спектрометрия зарекомендовала себя как простой, целесообразный и полезный метод контроля за состоянием насыщенности кислородом головного мозга. При выборе комбинированной анестезии ингаляционным методом с региональным обезболиванием у детей с врожденными пороками развития для проведения оперативного лечения следует более тщательно контролировать церебральную оксигенацию с дополнительным контролем периферической сатурации, артериального давления, парциального напряжения СО2, О2 в крови и рН.
Изменения липидного обмена в до- и послеоперационном периоде у больных с ожирением при лапароскопической холецистэктомии
Authors: Maisuradze A.O. , Chubuk I.V. 
Published: April 2021

Актуальность. Изменение показателей липидного обмена в до- и послеоперационном периоде обусловлено частыми нарушениями метаболизма у людей с ожирением и особыми трудностями в подборе целесообразной терапии для данных пациентов. В свою очередь, причиной изменения метаболизма в организме является влияние определенной экстремальной ситуации — хирургического вмешательства. Цель: изучение изменения липидного обмена в до- и послеоперационном периоде у больных с ожирением при лапароскопической холецистэктомии. Материалы и методы. Исследованы 50 пациентов (средний возраст — 47,0 ± 1,5 года), которым проведено оперативное вмешательство по поводу острого холецистита методом лапароскопической холецист­эктомии. Пациенты были распределены на две группы: 1-я — с ожирением, 2-я — без ожирения. У всех пациентов исследованы уровни триглицеридов, общего холестерина, липопротеинов высокой плотности (ЛПВП), липопротеинов низкой плотности (ЛПНП), липопротеинов очень низкой плотности (ЛПОНП), проведено сравнение в дооперационном периоде и на 1-е и 5-е сутки послеоперационного периода. Результаты. Показатели липидного обмена в до- и послеоперационном периоде во всех группах имели допустимые колебания с учетом того, что у пациентов с ожирением значения липидного спектра сначала были повышены по сравнению с пациентами без ожирения. В послеоперационном периоде в 1-й группе на 1-е сутки отмечалось снижение концентрации триглицеридов (1,1 ± 0,6 ммоль/л) от начального уровня, общего холестерина (4,5 ± 0,3 ммоль/л), повышение уровня ЛПВП (1,5 ± 0,2 ммоль/л), снижение уровня ЛПНП (2,9 ± 0,2 ммоль/л) и ЛПОНП (1,0 ± 0,2 ммоль/л). Во 2-й группе показатели триглицеридов (0,6 ± 0,2 ммоль/л), общего холестерина (3,4 ± 0,1 ммоль/л), ЛПНП (1,9 ± 0,3 ммоль/л) и ЛПОНП (0,8 ± 0,2 ммоль/л) также имели тенденцию к снижению, отмечалось повышение уровня ЛПВП (1,6 ± 0,1 ммоль/л), но данные значения независимо от варьирования находились в пределах нормы. В 1-й группе у 3 пациентов наблюдались когнитивные нарушения, что было обусловлено значительным повышением уровня ЛПНП над ЛПВП и возможным развитием атеросклероза, которое могло привести к нарушению мозгового кровообращения. Выводы. После проведения исследования между двумя группами, в которых изучался липидный спектр, выявлено варьирование его показателей в обеих группах, что связано с особенностями метаболизма у таких пациентов и влияния хирургического стресса. Исходя из этого контроль и регулирование значений липидного профиля необходимо проводить у всех пациентов с дислипидемией, а у пациентов с ожирением нужно дополнительно учитывать факторы риска, сопутствующие заболевания и возможные осложнения.
Total irregularity strength of some cubic graphs
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad , Asim Muhammad Ahsan , Khan S. , Waseem Muhammad 
Published: April 2021

Let G = (V;E) be a graph. A total labeling ψ : V ⋃ E → {1, 2, ....k} is called totally irregular total k-labeling of G if every two distinct vertices u and v in V (G) satisfy wt(u) ≠wt(v); and every two distinct edges u1u2 and v1v2 in E(G) satisfy wt(u1u2) ≠ wt(v1v2); where wt(u) = ψ (u) + ∑uv∊E(G) ψ(uv) and wt(u1u2) = ψ(u1) + ψ(u1u2) + ψ(u2): The minimum k for which a graph G has a totally irregular total k-labeling is called the total irregularity strength of G, denoted by ts(G): In this paper, we determine the exact value of the total irregularity strength of cubic graphs.
De la traducción a la adaptación el mito y la obra literaria de Macunaíma
Authors: Del Rivera Herrera Antonio , Sánchez Meneses Iliana 
Published: April 2021

La obra literaria de Mário de Andrade, Macunaíma. El héroe sin ningún carácter, publicada en 1928, está enmarcada en el modernismo brasileño que se originó durante los años veinte. En ella se muestra el multiculturalismo brasileño a través de la apropiación de las tradiciones orales de la amazonía y de la zona de São Paulo. Cabe destacar que el modernismo brasileño fue un movimiento crítico a las vanguardias europeas y que adaptó sólo algunos elementos que le sirvieron al contexto latinoamericano.
El presente texto realiza un análisis de la traducción de los mitos amazónicos compilados por el etnólogo alemán Theodor Koch-Grünberg (1872-1924) a la obra Macunaíma. El héroe sin ningún carácter, y a su vez la adaptación de ésta a la película con el mismo nombre realizada en 1969 por Joaquim Pedro de Andrade, producida en un contexto de dictadura militar. Proponemos la categoría de traducción intersemiótica de Peeter Torop (entre sistemas semióticos de distintos lenguajes), la cual ayudará al estudio de las similitudes y diferencias de la naturaleza formal de la obra.
Postoperative Pain Management
Authors: Mazda Yusuke , Jadin Sandra , Kahn James S. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTAfter surgery, over 80% of people experience moderate-to-severe acute pain. Poorly controlled postoperative pain limits recovery and is associated with detrimental short- and long-term morbidity. While surgeons have traditionally been responsible for postoperative pain management, all clinicians providing care for surgical patients have a basic understanding of common pharmacologic and interventional pain management strategies. In this review, we discuss the consequences of acute pain, approaches to pain assessment, and an overview of commonly used therapies to manage postoperative pain.
RÉSUMÉAprès une opération, plus de 80 % des gens ressentent des douleurs aiguës modérées à intenses. Une douleur postopératoire mal maîtrisée limite le rétablissement et est associée à une morbidité défavorable à court et à long terme. Bien que les chirurgiens soient habituellement responsables du traitement de la douleur postopératoire, il est impératif que tous les cliniciens qui soignent des patients ayant subi une intervention chirurgicale aient une connaissance de base des stratégies pharmacologiques et interventionnelles courantes relatives au traitement de la douleur. Dans cette revue, nous abordons les conséquences de la douleur aiguë, les approches de l’évaluation de la douleur et un aperçu des traitements couramment utilisés pour traiter la douleur postopératoire.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease Exacerbations Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Albogami Yasser , Cusi Kenneth , Daniels Michael J. , Wei Yu-Jung J. , Winterstein Almut G. 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE
Emerging data from animal and human pilot studies suggest potential benefits of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) on lung function. We aimed to assess the association of GLP-1RA and chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD) exacerbation in a population with comorbid type 2 diabetes (T2D) and CLRD.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A new-user active-comparator analysis was conducted with use of a national claims database of beneficiaries with employer-sponsored health insurance spanning 2005–2017. We included adults with T2D and CLRD who initiated GLP-1RA or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4I) as an add-on therapy to their antidiabetes regimen. The primary outcome was time to first hospital admission for CLRD. The secondary outcome was a count of any CLRD exacerbation associated with an inpatient or outpatient visit. We estimated incidence rates using inverse probability of treatment weighting for each study group and compared via risk ratios.

RESULTS
The study sample consisted of 4,150 GLP-1RA and 12,540 DPP-4I new users with comorbid T2D and CLRD. The adjusted incidence rate of first CLRD admission during follow-up was 10.7 and 20.3 per 1,000 person-years for GLP-1RA and DPP-4I users, respectively, resulting in an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.52 (95% CI 0.32–0.85). For the secondary outcome, the adjusted incidence rate ratio was 0.70 (95% CI 0.57–0.87).

CONCLUSIONS
GLP-1RA users had fewer CLRD exacerbations in comparison with DPP-4I users. Considering both plausible mechanistic pathways and this real-world evidence, potential beneficial effects of GLP-1RA may be considered in selection of an antidiabetes treatment regimen. Randomized clinical trials are warranted to confirm our findings.
Alcohol Abstinence and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Choi You-jung , Han Kyung-Do , Choi Eue-Keun , Jung Jin-Hyeung , Lee So-Ryoung , Oh Seil , Lip Gregory Y.H. 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of alcohol abstinence on prevention of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 1,112,682 patients newly diagnosed with T2DM between 2011 and 2014 were identified from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. After excluding those with a history of AF, 175,100 patients were included. The primary outcome was new-onset AF.

RESULTS
During a mean follow-up of 4.0 years, AF occurred in 4,174 patients. Those with heavy alcohol consumption (alcohol intake ≥40 g/day) before T2DM diagnosis had a higher risk of AF (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.22; 95% CI 1.06–1.41) compared with patients with no alcohol consumption. After T2DM diagnosis, those with moderate to heavy alcohol consumption (alcohol intake ≥20 g/day) who abstained from alcohol had a lower risk of AF (aHR 0.81; 95% CI 0.68–0.97) compared with constant drinkers. Alcohol abstinence showed consistent trends toward lower incident AF in all subgroups and was statistically significant in men (aHR 0.80; 95% CI 0.67–0.96), those aged &gt;65 years (aHR 0.69; 95% CI 0.52–0.91), those with CHA2DS2-VASc score &lt;3 points (aHR 0.71; 95% CI 0.59–0.86), noninsulin users (aHR 0.77; 95% CI 0.63–0.94), and those with BMI &lt;25 kg/m2 (aHR 0.68; 95% CI 0.53–0.88).

CONCLUSIONS
In patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, alcohol abstinence was associated with a low risk of AF development. Lifestyle modifications, such as alcohol abstinence, in patients newly diagnosed with T2DM should be recommended to reduce the risk of AF.
A Randomized, Open-Label Comparison of Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec Titration Strategies Versus Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100
Authors: Lingvay Ildiko , Buse John B. , Franek Edward , Hansen Melissa V. , Koefoed Mette M. , Mathieu Chantal , Pettus Jeremy , Stachlewska Karolina , Rosenstock Julio 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE
Insulin icodec is a novel once-weekly basal insulin analog. This trial investigated the efficacy and safety of icodec using different once-weekly titration algorithms.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was a phase 2, randomized, open-label, 16-week, treat-to-target study. Insulin-naive adults (n = 205) with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c 7–10% while treated with oral glucose-lowering medications initiated once-weekly icodec titrations A (prebreakfast self-measured blood glucose target 80–130 mg/dL; adjustment ±21 units/week; n = 51), B (80–130 mg/dL; ±28 units/week; n = 51), or C (70–108 mg/dL; ±28 units/week; n = 52), or once-daily insulin glargine 100 units/mL (IGlar U100) (80–130 mg/dL; ±4 units/day; n = 51), all titrated weekly. Percentage of time in range (TIR) (70–180 mg/dL) during weeks 15 and 16 was measured using continuous glucose monitoring.

RESULTS
TIR improved from baseline (means: A, 57.0%; B, 55.2%; C, 51.0%; IGlar U100, 55.3%) to weeks 15 and 16 (estimated mean: A, 76.6%; B, 83.0%; C, 80.9%; IGlar U100, 75.9%). TIR was greater for titration B than for IGlar U100 (estimated treatment difference 7.08%-points; 95% CI 2.12 to 12.04; P = 0.005). No unexpected safety signals were observed. Level 2 hypoglycemia (&lt;54 mg/dL) was low in all groups (0.05, 0.15, 0.38, 0.00 events per patient-year of exposure for icodec titrations A, B, and C and IGlar U100, respectively), with no episodes of severe hypoglycemia.

CONCLUSIONS
Once-weekly icodec was efficacious and well tolerated across all three titration algorithms investigated. The results for icodec titration A (80–130 mg/dL; ±21 units/week) displayed the best balance between glycemic control and risk of hypoglycemia.
PELATIHAN ANALISIS SWOT BAGI PENGURUS DAN KETUA UNIT USAHA KOPERASI UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN KOPERASI BMT TRANS MEKAR SARI MANDIRI DI KECAMATAN TANJUNG LAGO KABUPATEN BANYUASIN
Authors: Sriati Sriati , Priyanto Gatot , Junaidi Yulian 
Published: April 2021

Pelatihan tentang Analisis SWOT dalam Pengembangan koperasi ini bertujuan meningkatkan motivasi, pengetahuan, ketrampilan dan kemampuan Pengurus, Ketua Unit Usaha, dan ketua KUBE BMT Trans Mekar Sari Mandiri di Desa Muliasari Kecamatan Tanjung Lago Kabupaten Banyuasin, dalam manajemen dan pengembangan usaha koperasi. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan presentasi materi, tanya jawab dan diskusi kelompok (FGD) tentang strategi pengembangan usaha dengan analisis SWOT. Materi pelatihan meliputi : Analisis SWOT, manajemen koperasi, pengelolaan usaha koperasi, nilai-nilai manajemen koperasi, dan strategi pengembangan usaha. Peserta pelatihan sebanyak 20 orang, terdiri atas Pengurus dan Ketua Unit Usaha Koperasi KSU BMT Trans Mekar Sari Mandiri. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan melakukan pre tes dan post tes tentang materi, dan penilaian terhadap hasil Diskusi Kelompok “perumusan strategi pengembangan usaha koperasi dengan analisis SWOT. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa 77 persen peserta menyatakan terdapat banyak peningkatan pengetahuan, sedangkan 23 persen menyatakan cukup peningkatan pengetahuan, motivasi, ketrampilan dan kemampuan dalam manajemen dan strategi pengembangan usaha koperasi. Peserta merespon baik terhadap materi yang disampaikan, terutama materi tentang strategi pengembangan usaha melalui Analisis SWO. Hasil diskusi kelompok, strategi yang dirumuskan untuk pengembangan usaha koperasi adalah : Strategi SO (memperluas pasar, memperluas usaha); Strategi WO (pembinaan dan pengkaderan, ,mengajukan KUR); strategi ST (mengikuti pelatihan, memanfaatkan peluang dikala pandemi, mencari tambahan dana); Strategi WT (meningkatkan promosi). Peserta antusias menambah pengetahuannya tentang menentukan prioritas strategi yang bisa dilakukan melalui pengembangan usaha kelompok dan mengusulkan diadakan pelatihan lanjutan tentang Analisis SWOT dan materi lain terkait perkoperasian. Kata kunci : Koperasi, Manajemen, Pelatihan , SWOT, Strategi Pengembangan
Informatization of Education. Media Education and Media Literacy
Authors: ANTONYAN Lilit 
Published: April 2021

Recent studies have shown that education in the 21st century cannot be imagined without using information and communication technologies, digital and media tools. As a result of teachers’ training, it has become clear that there is a need to promote teachers, ICTs, media education and media literacy.
The article presents the informatization of education, which will promote the development of professional abilities and skills of teachers, lecturers, raising public awareness and improving the quality of education.
Extent and progression of atherosclerosis in carotid and subclavian arteries: the Carotid Artery Subclavian Artery study
Authors: Pescetelli Irene , Zimarino Marco , Basso Cristina , Ghirarduzzi Angelo , Thiene Gaetano , De Caterina Raffaele 
Published: April 2021

Aims
To define the prevalence, progression, and the relationship between carotid and subclavian artery atherosclerosis and to identify factors associated with disease progression in a population of asymptomatic patients.

Methods
Among all consecutive patients without a history of cardiovascular disease admitted to our hospital for duplex ultrasound examinations of the supra-aortic arteries, from January to December 2012, we retrospectively identified 530 patients with two evaluations at least 3 years apart. Each artery was graded according to stenosis degree, as absent or less than 20%, 20–49%, 50–69%, 70–99% and total occlusion. Disease progression was defined for any class increase at any time interval. Patients were grouped according to the presence of a more than 20% stenosis of the supra-aortic district at baseline, as controls, without atherosclerosis: n = 111, 21%; isolated carotid artery disease: n = 390, 74%; concomitant subclavian artery-carotid artery disease: n = 29, 5%. There were no cases with isolated subclavian artery atherosclerosis.

Results
The mean time-lapse between the two evaluations was 3.1 ± 0.3 years; we documented disease progression in 32 patients (6%), all limited to the carotid artery (P = 0.009 vs. controls, with no differences between isolated carotid artery disease and concomitant carotid and subclavian artery disease). Hypertension was significantly (P < 0.001) associated with disease progression, regardless of the single or double district involvement.

Conclusion
The subclavian artery is far less prone to atherosclerosis than the carotid artery, and features lesser disease progression. Understanding factors for the different susceptibility to atherosclerosis in these two close arterial districts provides insight into local factors prompting vascular disease.
Being Dark is Better: A Feral Pigeon Plumage Polymorphism as a Response to Urban Environments in Slovakia
Authors: Csanády Alexander , Duranková Silvia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution and plumage phenotypes of the feral pigeon, Columba livia forma urbana (Gmelin, 1789), in Slovakia. Censuses carried out in the built-up areas of 16 towns and cities from November to February (2012–2018) counted and evaluated 3,123 individual birds. The most frequent were melanic colored birds (checker, T-pattern and spread phenotypes), which predominated in the population (51.6%, n = 1,613), followed by paler ones (42.1%, n = 1,316) and other types (6.2%, n = 194). A statistically significant difference was confirmed among the melanic and paler plumage phenotypes (χ2 = 81.49, df = 15, p < 0.0001). Correlation confirmed the different importance of city area and human density on the maintenance of dark and/or pale pigeons living in cities.
Historical Marketing Research – Barriers to Conducting it and its Importance
Authors: Kamiński Jacek 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: The article is devoted to historical marketing research. Its purpose is to identify barriers to conducting historical marketing research and to characterize the significance of this type of research.

Materials and methods: The observations contained in the article were formulated on the basis of a review, analysis, synthesis and critical evaluation of the literature in the field of marketing.

Results: The article highlights the ahistorical attitude of marketing discipline also with reference to research in the area of marketing. Barriers to conducting this type of research were discussed and the significance of historical research was pointed out.. The barriers were characterized based on the properties of historical research as well as the features of practice and marketing theory. The problem is discussed from the point of view of marketing practice, marketing theory, the status of marketing as a science, the role of historical research as a critical approach in the science of marketing, and historical analysis of phenomena as a social perspective. The significance of historical marketing research for teaching marketing issues is underlined.

Conclusions: The main conclusion of the analysis is that historical research on marketing plays a particularly significant role, despite the fact that it is found on the margins of currently undertaken issues and does not belong to the mainstream marketing. As a result, it is rarely discussed in marketing textbooks.
Public transport accessibility to upper secondary schools measured by the potential quotient: The case of Kraków
Authors: Rosik Piotr , Puławska-Obiedowska Sabina , Goliszek Sławomir 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The spatial differences in public transport accessibility to upper secondary schools are examined in this article, using the potential accessibility model, and based on the example of the city of Kraków. In order to achieve this goal, the potential quotient index has been used, taking into account both the demand for educational services operationalised with the population aged 15–19, and the supply of services depicted by the supply of places for pupils in different types of upper secondary school. A supplementary objective is to present recommendations for transport and educational policy implemented in the city in the context of potential locations of new upper secondary schools based on, among other parameters, the mean centre of the potential accessibility distribution and the potential accessibility dispersion index. We conclude that to better balance access to different types of schools throughout the city in the future, a new location for a general upper secondary school could be considered in the southern or eastern parts of Kraków.