bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How the Management of Children With Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome Has Changed Over Time: Two Decades of Experience From an Italian Center
Authors: Porcaro Federica , Paglietti Maria Giovanna , Cherchi Claudio , Schiavino Alessandra , Chiarini Testa Maria Beatrice , Cutrera Renato 
Published: March 2021

Background:Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare disorder whose clinical phenotype is closely related to genotype.Methods:A retrospective analysis has been conducted on 22 patients with CCHS, who were referred to the Pediatric Pulmonology and Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit of Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (Italy) for a multidisciplinary follow-up program between 2000 and 2020.Results:Apnea and cyanosis were the most frequent symptoms at onset (91%). Overall, 59% of patients required tracheostomy and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in the first months of life. Thirty-two percent of patients had Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) that was associated with longer polyalanine repetitions or non-polyalanine repeat expansion mutations (NPARMs). Polyalanine repeat expansion mutations (PARMs) were more frequent and two novel NPARMs (c.780dupT and C.225–256delCT) were described in 14% of patients. Focal epilepsy was first described in 14% of patients and neurocognitive and neuromotor impairment involved 27% and 23% of children, respectively. Symptoms due to autonomic nervous system dysfunction/dysregulation (ANSD)—including strabismus (27%), dysphagia (27%), abnormal heart rhythm (10%), breath-holding spells (9%), and recurrent seizures due to hypoglycemia (9%)—were associated with an increased number of polyalanine repetitions of exon 3 or NPARMs of PHOX2B gene. Overall, the number of patients with moderate to severe phenotype initially treated with non-invasive ventilation (NIV) increased over time, and the decannulation program was concluded with 3 patients who started with IMV.Conclusions:Our study confirms that more severe phenotypes of CCHS are related to the number of polyalanine repetitions or to NPARMs. Although invasive ventilation is often required by patients with severe genotype/phenotype, gradual acquisition of specific skills in the management of patients with CCHS and technological improvements in mechanical ventilation allowed us to improve our therapeutic approach in this population.
A Systematic Review of the Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Naringin Against Human Malignancies
Authors: Ghanbari-Movahed Maryam , Jackson Gloria , Farzaei Mohammad Hosein , Bishayee Anupam 
Published: March 2021

Background: Natural product-based cancer preventive and therapeutic entities, such as flavonoids and their derivatives, are shown to have a noticeable capability to suppress tumor formation and cancer cell growth. Naringin, a natural flavanone glycoside present in various plant species, has been indicated to modulate different signaling pathways and interact with numerous cell signaling molecules, which allows for an extensive variety of pharmacological actions, such as amelioration of inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic syndromes, bone disorders, and cancer. The purpose of this systematic review is to present a critical and comprehensive assessment of the antitumor ability of naringin and associated molecular targets in various cancers.Methods: Studies were identified through systematic searches of Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus as well as eligibility checks according to predefined selection criteria.Results: Eighty-seven studies were included in this systematic review. There was strong evidence for the association between treatment with naringin alone, or combined with other drugs and antitumor activity. Additionally, studies showed that naringin-metal complexes have greater anticancer effects compared to free naringin. It has been demonstrated that naringin employs multitargeted mechanisms to hamper cancer initiation, promotion, and progression through modulation of several dysregulated signaling cascades implicated in cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion.Conclusion: The results of our work show that naringin is a promising candidate for cancer prevention and treatment, and might offer substantial support for the clinical application of this phytocompound in the future. Nevertheless, further preclinical and clinical studies as well as drug delivery approaches are needed for designing novel formulations of naringin to realize the full potential of this flavonoid in cancer prevention and intervention.
Different Dimensions of Affective Processing in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Berens Sabrina , Schaefert Rainer , Ehrenthal Johannes C. , Baumeister David , Eich Wolfgang , Tesarz Jonas 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Deficits in affective processing are associated with impairments in both mental and physical health. The role of affective processing in patients with functional somatic complaints such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains unclear. Most studies have focused on the capacity for emotional awareness and expression, but neglect other dimensions of affective processing. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically analyze differences in six different dimensions of affective processing between patients with IBS and healthy controls (HCs). Additionally, we exploratively investigated the impact of IBS symptom severity, psychological distress, and attachment styles on affective processing in IBS.Methods: A controlled cross-sectional multi-center study was conducted. Overall, 127 patients with IBS were compared with 127 matched HCs using multivariate analysis of variances. Affective processing was operationalized in line with the affect cascade model on six specific dimensions: emotional experience, emotional awareness, affect tolerance, affect differentiation, affect regulation, and emotional communication. They were measured using two subscales of the Mentalizing Questionnaire (MZQ) and four subscales of the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis–Structure Questionnaire (OPD-SQ). Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the influence of IBS symptom severity (IBS-Severity Scoring System, IBS-SSS), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7), and anxious and avoidant attachment styles (Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, ECR-RD12) on the different dimensions of affective processing in IBS.Results: Patients with IBS compared to HCs showed deficits in all six dimensions of affective processing. Deficits were largest for affect tolerance (d = 0.849) and lowest for emotional experience (d = 0.222) and emotional awareness (d = 0.420). Moderate effect sizes were found for affect differentiation (d = 0.773), emotional communication (d = 0.665), and affect regulation (d = 0.552). Moreover, explorative analyses indicated that affective processing in patients with IBS was significantly influenced by levels of anxiety and insecure attachment.Conclusion: The results indicate a specific pattern of affective processing abilities in patients with IBS. The deficits in affective processing are more prominent in the area of understanding and tolerating difficult affective states than experiencing affective states. This opens interesting perspectives for the development of specific psychotherapeutic interventions.Clinical Trial Registration: DRKS00011685.
A Self-Applied Multi-Component Psychological Online Intervention Based on UX, for the Prevention of Complicated Grief Disorder in the Mexican Population During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Protocol of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Dominguez-Rodriguez Alejandro , Martínez-Luna Sofia Cristina , Hernández Jiménez María Jesús , De La Rosa-Gómez Anabel , Arenas-Landgrave Paulina , Esquivel Santoveña Esteban Eugenio , Arzola-Sánchez Carlos , Alvarez Silva Joabián , Solis Nicolas Arantza Mariel , Colmenero Guadián Ana Marisa , Ramírez-Martínez Flor Rocio , Vargas Rosa Olimpia Castellanos 
Published: March 2021

Background: COVID-19 has taken many lives worldwide and due to this, millions of persons are in grief. When the grief process lasts longer than 6 months, the person is in risk of developing Complicated Grief Disorder (CGD). The CGD is related to serious health consequences. To reduce the probability of developing CGD a preventive intervention could be applied. In developing countries like Mexico, the psychological services are scarce, self-applied interventions could provide support to solve this problem and reduce the health impact even after the pandemic has already finished.Aims: To design and implement a self-applied intervention composed of 12 modules focused on the decrease of the risk of developing CGD, and increasing the life quality, and as a secondary objective to reduce the symptomatology of anxiety, depression, and increase of sleep quality. The Intervention Duelo COVID (Grief COVID) follows the principles of User Experience (UX) and is designed according to the needs and desires of a sample of the objective participants, to increase the adherence to the self-applied intervention, considered one of the main weaknesses of online interventions.Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial will be conducted from the 22nd of December of 2020 to the first of June 2021. The participants will be assigned to an intervention with elements of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Mindfulness and Positive Psychology. The control group will be a wait-list condition, that will receive the intervention 1.5–2 months after the pre-measurement were taken. The Power Size Calculation conducted through G*Power indicated the need for a total of 42 participants, which will be divided by 21 participants in each group. The platform will be delivered through responsive design assuring with this that the intervention will adapt to the screen size of cellphones, tablets, and computers.Ethics and Dissemination: The study counts with the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, México, and it is registered in Clinical Trials (NCT04638842). The article is sent and registered in clinical trials before the recruitment started. The results will be reported in future conferences, scientific publications, and media.
Factors Related to Suicide Attempts: The Roles of Childhood Abuse and Spirituality
Authors: Tae Hyejin , Chae Jeong-Ho 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this article was to identify independent factors associated with suicide attempts in patients with depression and/or anxiety.Background and Aims: This study was conducted in order to examine whether risk and protective psychological factors influence the risk of suicide attempts among outpatients with anxiety and/or depressive disorders. In this regard, explanatory models have been reported to detect high-risk groups for suicide attempt. We also examined whether identified factors serve as mediators on suicide attempts.Materials and Methods: Patients from 18 to 65 years old from an outpatient clinic at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital were invited to join clinical studies. From September 2010 to November 2017, a total of 737 participants were included in the final sample. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-being Scale (FACIT-Sp-12), and Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ) were used to assess psychiatric symptoms. An independent samples t-test, a chi-square test, hierarchical multiple regression analyses, and the Baron and Kenny's procedures were performed in order to analyze data.Results: Young age, childhood history of emotional and sexual abuse, depression, and a low level of spirituality were significant independent factors for increased suicide attempts. Depression was reported to mediate the relationship between childhood emotional and sexual abuse, spirituality, and suicide attempts.Conclusions: Identifying the factors that significantly affect suicidality may be important for establishing effective plans of suicide prevention. Strategic assessments and interventions aimed at decreasing depression and supporting spirituality may be valuable for suicide prevention.
High Rejection Sensitivity in Patients With Somatoform Pain Disorder
Authors: Nacak Yeliz , Morawa Eva , Erim Yesim 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Rejection sensitivity (RS) is often associated with mental disorders but as yet has not been investigated in patients with somatoform pain disorder (SPD). The aim of the study was to explore the degree of RS in patients with SPD compared to healthy controls. In addition, we examined factors associated with RS and the moderator effect of SPD.Methods: A total of 65 patients with SPD (confirmed by Structured Clinical Interview, SCID-I) and 65 age- and gender-matched healthy controls participated. Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, PHQ-15), Relationship Scale (ReSQ), Essen Trauma Inventory (ETI) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were applied. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed.Results: The level of RS was significantly higher in patients with SPD compared to healthy controls (M = 10.30, SD = 5.64; M = 6.13, SD = 2.50; p &lt; 0.001; d = 0.95). Higher levels of depressive symptoms (p &lt; 0.001), childhood adversities (p &lt; 0.001) and the insecure attachment style (p = 0.007) were related to higher levels of RS. No significant moderation effect was detected.Conclusions: Patients with SPD are highly sensitive to social rejection. In addition, insecure attachment styles as well as depressive symptoms and childhood adversities are strongly associated with RS. Further studies are needed to figure out how RS is connected to SPD over lifetime.
Mingantu Spectral Radioheliograph for Solar and Space Weather Studies
Authors: Yan Yihua , Chen Zhijun , Wang Wei , Liu Fei , Geng Lihong , Chen Linjie , Tan Chengming , Chen Xingyao , Su Cang , Tan Baolin 
Published: March 2021

The Chinese Spectral Radioheliograph (CSRH) covering 400 MHz-15 GHz frequency range was constructed during 2009–2016 in Mingantu Observing Station, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences at Zhengxiangbaiqi, Inner Mongolia of China. The CSRH is renamed as MingantU SpEctral Radioheliograph (MUSER) after its accomplishment. Currently, MUSER consists of two arrays spreading over three spiral-shaped arms. The maximum baseline length is ∼3 km in both east-west and north-south directions. The MUSER array configuration is optimized to meet the needs of observing the full-disk Sun over ultrawide wavebands with images of high temporal, spatial and spectral resolutions and high dynamic range. The low frequency array, called MUSER-I, covers 400 MHz-2.0 GHz with 40 antennas of 4.5-m-diameter each and the high frequency array, called MUSER-II, covers 2–15 GHz with 60 antennas of 2-m-diameter each. The MUSER-I can obtain full-disk solar radio images in 64 frequency channels with a time cadence of 25 ms and a spatial resolution of 51.6″ to 10.3″ (corresponding to the frequency range 400 MHz to 2 GHz), whereas the MUSER-II can obtain full-disk solar images in 520 channels with a time cadence of 206.25 ms and a spatial resolution of 10.3″ to 1.3 (corresponding to the frequency range 2 to 15 GHz). A dynamic range of 25 dB can be obtained with snapshot images produced with the MUSER. An extension of MUSER in the further lower frequency range covering 30–400 MHz with an array of 224 logarithm-periodic dipole antennas (LPDAs) has been approved and will be completed during the next 4 years. The MUSER, as a dedicated solar instrument, has the following advantages providing simultaneous images over a wide frequency range with a unique high temporal-spatial-spectral resolutions; high-performing ultrawide-band dual-polarization feeds for wide-band signal collection; advanced high data-rate, large-scale digital correlation receiver for multiple-frequency and faster snapshot observations; and applications of new technologies such as using optical fiber to obtain remote antenna and wide-band analog signal transmission. The MUSER thus provides a unique opportunity to measure solar magnetic fields and trace dynamic evolution of energetic electrons in several radio frequencies, which, in turn, will help to have better understandings of the origin of various solar activities and the basic drivers of space weather.
Surgeon Knowledge of the Pulmonary Arterial System and Surgical Plan Confidence Is Improved by Interactive Virtual 3D-CT Models of Lung Cancer Patient Anatomies
Authors: Bhakhri Kunal , Hyde Eoin R. , Mak Sze M. , Berger Lorenz U. , Ourselin Sebastien , Routledge Tom , Billè Andrea 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Interactive three-dimensional virtual models of pulmonary structures (3D-CT) may improve the safety and accuracy of robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of 3D-CT models as an imaging adjunct on surgical confidence and anatomical assessment for lobectomy planning.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the response of 10 specialist thoracic surgeons who each reviewed 10 pre-operative images of patients undergoing robotic-assisted lobectomy lung cancer cases from June to November 2018 in our institute, resulting in 100 data points. The number of arteries, veins, and bronchi entering the resected lobes were determined from the operation video recording by the operating surgeon. 3D-CT models were generated for each case and made available for online visualization and manipulation. Thoracic surgeons were invited to participate in the survey which consisted of evaluation of CT (control) and 3D-CT (intervention) models. A questionnaire regarding anatomical structures, surgical approach, and confidence was administered.Results: Ten participants were recruited. 3D-CT models led to a significant (p &lt; 0.003) increase in the surgeons' ability to correctly identifying pulmonary arteries entering the resection lobes in 35% (CT) and 57% (3D-CT) of cases. A significant (p &lt; 1e-13) improvement in anatomy assessment and surgical plan confidence was observed for the 3D-CT arm, with median Likert scale scores of “2–Slightly easy” (CT) and “4–Very easy” (3D-CT).Conclusion: The use of 3D-CT models for thoracic surgery planning increases the surgeon confidence in recognizing anatomical structures, largely by enhanced appreciation of anatomical variations in the segmental pulmonary arterial system. Further studies are needed to investigate if 3D-CT models can be used in providing precise information about segmental artery distribution and therefore surgical planning of sub-lobar resections.
Risk and Protective Factors Associated With Support of Violent Radicalization: Variations by Geographic Location
Authors: Ellis B. Heidi , Miller Alisa B. , Sideridis Georgios , Frounfelker Rochelle , Miconi Diana , Abdi Saida , Aw-Osman Farah , Rousseau Cecile 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: We examine the association between perceived discrimination, mental health, social support, and support for violent radicalization (VR) in young adults from three locations across two countries: Montréal and Toronto, Canada, and Boston, United States. A secondary goal is to test the moderating role of location.Methods: A total of 791 young adults between the ages of 18 and 30, drawn from the Somali Youth longitudinal study and a Canada-based study of college students, participated in the study. We used multivariate linear regression to assess the association between scores on the Radical Intentions Scale (RIS) with demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, social support, and discrimination.Results: In the full sample, discrimination, age, and gender were associated with RIS scores. When we examined moderation effects by location, RIS scores were associated with depression only in Montréal, and with social support (negatively) and discrimination in Toronto. None of the variables were significant in Boston.Conclusion: These findings suggest that an understanding of risk and protective factors for support of VR may be context-dependent. Further research should take into consideration local/regional differences.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Dziundziuk V. , Yefimov Yu. 
Published: March 2021

У контексті сучасних екологічних викликів глобального простору проаналізовано еволюцію екологічних проблем та заходи щодо їх вирішення на державному рівні. Визначено змістовні характеристики екологічної політики держави. Акцентовано увагу на необхідності комплексного аналізу соціальних, економічних та екологічних зміни на початковому та завершальному етапах формування екологічної політики.
Наголошено на необхідності в статегічному плані чітко усвідомлювати роль політики та уряду у виявленні, розумінні та реагуванні на екологічні проблеми у світі. Динамічність політичного процесу визначено як важливу передумову вдосконалення стимулюючих механізмів та розширення джерела інвестування екологічних програм.
КЛАСТЕРІЗАЦІЯ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОСТОРУ СЛОБОЖАНЩИНИ ШЛЯХОМ СТВОРЕННЯ I ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ХАРКІВСЬКОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТСЬКОГО КОНСОРЦІУМУ
Authors: Byelova L. 
Published: March 2021

На підставі аналізу змісту Паризького комюніке, Болонської декларації, Стратегії реформування вищої освіти України до 2020 року робиться висновок, що їх поєднує ідея посилення академічної свободи вишів і запровадження принципів доброчесності в освітній процес, розбудови інституційної автономії закладів вищої освіти, активізації участі студентів і працівників у врядуванні вишів та розвитку громадської відповідальності освітян за перебіг суспільно-політичних трансформацій.
Аналізується історичний досвід створення і функціонування інноваційних освітніх кластерів (innovation educational cluster, EdClusters), активна політика запровадження яких розпочалась у Європейських країнах ще на початку 90-х років ХХ ст.
Розглядається практичний досвід створення і функціонування на Слобожанщині такого інноваційного освітнього кластеру, як Харківський університетський консорціум (Унікон), основною метою діяльності якого визначено співробітництво, поєднання інформаційних, кадрових і фінансових ресурсів для досягнення науково обґрунтованого соціального ефекту у сфері академічної мобільності, наукових досліджень, технологічних розробок і інновацій, удосконалення і підвищення якості та ін.
КРИТЕРІЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ У СФЕРІ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ УЧАСНИКІВ АТО
Authors: Voropay L.  
Published: March 2021

Статтю присвячено проблемам формування й ефективності реалізації державної політики у сфері соціального захисту учасників АТО. Шляхом повного та всебічного аналізу науково-аналітичної літератури та окремих положень діючого законодавства зроблено висновок, що до числа найважливіших елементів державної політики у сфері соціального захисту слід віднести: рівень їх результативності, який можна визначити на підставі співставлення наслідків реалізації державної політики та ступеня вирішення соціально-економічних проблем; цілісність механізму, який функціонує за таких елементів як економічна, соціальна, комунікативна складова, ефекту соціальної політики.
Запропоновано до критеріїв формування та ефективності реалізації державної політики у сфері соціального захисту учасників АТО віднести: критерій “достатності забезпечення необхідними ресурсами” як основоположна засада державно-регуляторної політики, а також інші критерії, які опосередковано визначають ступінь ефективної державної діяльності, наприклад справедливість забезпечуваних державою прав та гарантій; результативність та ефективність, а також здатність держави відстоювати й гарантувати права й свободи громадян.