bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the quality of domestic measles prevention vaccines
Authors: Binyatova A. S. , Yunasova T. N. , Sarkisyan K. A. , Davydov D. S. , Ilyasova T. N. , Movsesyants A. A. 
Published: May 2021

Relevance. The need to increase vaccination coverage in order to eliminate measles in Russia and increase public confidence in vaccination requires constant monitoring of the quality of vaccines used for measles prevention. Aim. Analysis of laboratory quality parameters of commercial series of vaccines for measles prevention produced by JSC NPO Microgen, issued from 2015 to 2020, in comparison with the series issued in the period from 2002 to 2009. Materials and methods. The object of the study was a live measles culture vaccine and a live mumps-measles culture vaccine produced by JSC «NPO «Microgen». The quality analysis of vaccines was carried out according to the consolidated production and control protocols of 422 series of measles vaccine and 855 series of mumps-measles vaccine issued in 2015-2020, and 1043 series of measles vaccine and 902 series of mumpsmeasles vaccine issued in 2002-2009. Results and discussion. It is shown that the quality of the studied vaccines is stable during 16 years of monitoring. The sensitizing properties of both vaccines significantly decreased during the last 6 years of follow-up due to a decrease in the residual content of the antibiotic in the vaccination dose to less than the detection limit, as well as due to the low content of heterogeneous protein (bovine serum albumin). Conclusion. The quality of domestic vaccines for the prevention of measles and mumps meets who requirements; it is characterized by stability over 16 years of follow-up and minimal sensitizing properties. Information about the quality of domestic vaccines for the prevention of measles is an important argument for countering the antivaccination movement, which is a global problem and is recognized by who as one of the most important threats to the health of the world's population.
Scar Pregnancy a Diagnostic Conundrum: A Case Report
Authors: Pokhrel Manoj , Acharya Shreedhar Prasad , Sharma Jyotshna , Thapa Meena 
Published: May 2021

Cesarean scar pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy which may lead to uterine rupture and catastrophic hemorrhage. We report a case of cesarean scar pregnancy in a 35-year-old female with the past history of cesarean section presented with complaints of amenorrhoea for 6 weeks and non-specific pain. Two Transvaginal sonography was done 48 hours apart which suggested a cesarean scar pregnancy in one and cervical pregnancy on the other. Magnetic Resonace Imaging showed a well-defined cystic lesion of (21x19)mm2 embedded within the previous cesarean scar which confirmed the diagnosis of cesarean scar pregnancy. Laparotomy unveiled uterus around 6 weeks size and a (3x3)cm2 bulge was noted at the site of previous scar in lower uterine segment, where a small incision was given and the gestational sac was removed following which the uterine incision was closed with 2-0 polyglactin suture. High index of suspicion and prompt diagnosis is ofparamount for reducing morbidity and mortality.
Perception towards Online Classes during COVID-19 among MBBS and BDS Students in a Medical College of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sharma Nitasha , Bhusal Chet Kant , Subedi Sandip , Kasarla Rajeshwar Reddy 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has affected the educational system worldwide, forced the medical colleges to close due to lock down, and disrupted the classroom face-to-face teaching process. As a result, medical colleges shifted to an online mode of teaching. The aim of this study is to find out the perception towards online classes during COVID-19 lockdown period among MBBS and BDS students at a medical college of Nepal.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital among first and second year Bachelor in Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery and Bachelor in dental surgery students from 1st June 2020 to 30th August 2020. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Review Committee of Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital (IRC UCMS, Ref: UCMS/IRC/025/20). Convenient sampling method was used. Semi-structured questionnaire was used. Statistical Package for Social Sciences 22 was used for analysis and frequency and percentage was calculated.
Results: One hundred fifty six (73.93%) students were enjoying online learning only to some extent, 135 (63.98%) felt online class not equally effective as face-to-face teaching. The students had disturbance during online classes as internet disturbance 168 (79.60%), and electricity problem 47 (22.3%). Similarly, many students 155 (73.50%) felt external disturbance, headache 26 (12.3%), and eye strain 26 (12.3%).
Conclusions: Most of the students suffered from disturbances during online classes probably because of internet and electricity problem. When compulsory to conduct online classes, students felt that not more than three online classes per day should be conducted to avoid eye strain and headache.
Knowledge of Vitamin D among First-year Medical Undergraduate Students of a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Manandhar Pratibha , Manandhar Naresh , Joshi Sunil Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Vitamin D also known as the sunshine vitamin, helps in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis. It is estimated that one billion people in the world have vitamin D deficiency making it a public health problem. The objective of this study is to find out the knowledge regarding vitamin D among first-year medical undergraduate students of a medical college.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out from 2nd February 2020 to 15th February 2020 at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Duwakot among medical undergraduate students of a medical college. Ethical clearance was received from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (Reference Number: 2812201809). A structured self-designed multiple-choice questionnaire on vitamin D knowledge was used. Convenient sampling method was applied and statistical analysis was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20 version.
Results: Out of total 157 undergraduate medical students, 21 (13.3%) exhibited good knowledge, 116 (73.9.8%) had average, and 20 (12.8%) had poor knowledge. There were 83 (52.9%) Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery students, 39 (24.8%) were Bachelor of Dental Surgery and 35 (22.3%) were Nursing students.
Conclusions: We found a satisfactory level of knowledge of vitamin D among first-year undergraduate medical students of a medical college when compared to similar studies. The majority of students from all three disciplines had average knowledge of vitamin D.
Perception of Online Lectures among Students of a Medical College in Kathmandu: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bhattarai Bhagabat , Gupta Sujaya , Dahal Sirjana , Thapa Aarzu , Bhandari Pooja 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 global pandemic has affected all aspects of human life, with education no exception. Online lectures have been practiced in different academic institutions around the world. The objective was to know the perception towards online lectures by the undergraduate students of a medical college.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the undergraduate students of dentistry, medicine, and nursing at Kathmandu Medical College via self-administered online questionnaire. Data were collected from November to December 2020 after ethical clearance from institutional review committee (Ref. no. 0311202002). Students who had not attended even one hour of online learning per week were excluded. Responses were collected using Google Forms which were analysed in Microsoft Excel.
Results: Out of 318 valid questionnaires, 143 (44.97%) students agreed that online lectures were effective but 138 (43.4%) disagreed that online lectures were more useful than traditional lectures. One hundred and forty five (45.60%) found online classes difficult to concentrate and 175 (55.03%) agreed that they preferred a combination of traditional teaching and online tutorials. Only two (0.63%) students strongly agreed on excellent internet during classes and 104 (32.70%) agreed it caused economic burden. Mean age of participants was 20.75Â±1.538 years; 202 (63.52%) were females; online learning per week was 18.75Â±9.157 hours; and duration of online learning was 20.28Â±9.997 weeks.
Conclusions: Most of the students had a positive attitude towards e-learning when compared tosimilar studies. Further multicentric studies with larger sample size would better demonstratewhether online education partly or fully can be effective adjunct to traditional face to face interaction.
PEMBERDAYAAN PEMBUATAN NATA DECOCO BAHAN LIMBAH AIR KELAPA PADA FATAYAT NU METRO
Authors: Farida Annikmah , Rahmawati Rita , Asnawi Habib Shulton , Saputra Andika Ari 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan dari pendanpingan pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah ntuk pemanfaatan dan mengatasi masalah pencemaran lingkungan limbah air kelapa menjadi olahan yang bermnanfaat dan bernilai ekonomis dalam bentuk nata decoco untuk para anggota Fatayat NU Kecamatan Metro Utara Kota Metro sehingga air kelapa yang selama ini tidak dimafatkan oleh para pedagang kelapa dipasar-pasar tradisisonal yang ada di Kecamatan Metro Utara dan sekitarnya bisa dirmanfaatkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat ini menggunakan pendekatan pendampingan Asset Based Community Development (ABCD). Adapun jumlah peserta yang hadir 20 orang terdiri dari Pengurus Fatayat NU Cabang Kota Metro , Pengurus Fatayat NU Anak Cabang Kecamatan Metro Utara dan Pengurus Fatayat NU Ranting Kecamatan Metro Utara. Hasil dari pemberdayaan ini adalah memiliki ketrampilan dalam pengolahan limbah air kelapa menjadi suatu olahan yang bermnafaat dan bernilai ekonomis sehingga penambah pendapatan bagi keluarga.Kata Kunci: Limbah Air Kelapa, Nata Decoco, PelatihanABSTRACTThe purpose of this community empowerment guidance in to utilize overcome the problem of environmental pollution of coconut water waste into useful economical processing in the form of nata decoco for members of Fatayat NU, Metro Utara District, Metro City so that coconut water has not been ignored by coconut traders. In the traditional markets in Metro Utara District and its surroundings, it can be utilized. The method used in community empowerment uses the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) mentoring approach. The number of participants who attended was 20 people consisting of the Fatayat NU Management Branch of the Metro City, the Executive of the Fatayat NU Branch of the North Metro District and the Fatayat NU Management, the North Metro District. The result of this empowerment is having skills in processing coconut water waste into a useful and economical process so that it can increase family income.Keywords: Coconut Water Waste, Nata Decoco, Training
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Kompensasi Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. JAK
Authors: Kirana Kusuma Candra , Pradipta Abraham Sukma 
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh kepemimpinan, kompensasi, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. JAK. Penelitrian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan di Kantor Pusat PT. JAK sebanyak 700 orang, sedangkan sampel penelitian sebanyak 175 responden yang ditentukan dengan simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner tertutup dengan lima pilihan jawaban. Uji asumsi klasik terdiri dari uji normalitas, heteroskedastisitas, autokorelasi, dan uji multikolinieritas. Uji statistik terdiri dari uji regresi sederhana dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) kepemimpinan secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan (thitung= 8,156 > ttabel= 1,974); 2) kompensasi secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan (thitung= 10,226 > ttabel= 1,974); 3) motivasi kerja secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan (thitung= 13,982 > ttabel= 1,974); 4) kepemimpinan, kompensasi dan motivasi kerja secara simultan (bersama-sama) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. JAK (Fthitung= 78,393 > Fttabel= 2,66). Ketiga variabel bebas secara bersama-sama mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan sebesar 57,9%.
Acupuntura em trabalhadores: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Pedro Danielli Rafaeli Candido , Ribeiro Beatriz Maria dos Santos Santiago 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: analisar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre o uso da acupuntura em trabalhadores. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, com busca realizada em agosto de 2019 nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúdee na Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online. Com os descritores controlados, Saúde do trabalhador; Acupuntura e Trabalhadores. Foram incluídos artigos primários, em português, disponíveis na integra e publicados entre os anos de 2009 e 2019 e foram excluídos artigos secundários. Resultados: compuseram a amostra final quatro artigos, os quais abordavam o uso da acupuntura em trabalhadores de diferenciadas amostras. A acupuntura mostrou-se uma estratégia eficaz para melhoria das condições de saúde e qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores. Considerações finais: a acupuntura pode ser uma aliada na promoção de saúde ou tratamento de doenças, há necessidade de maiores evidencias cientificas.
Qualidade de vida dos estudantes da área da saúde que utilizam metodologia ativa de ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Araújo Damião da Conceição , Almeida Carla Passos , Santana Luciana Rodrigues Prata , Mota Sabrina Barreto , Santos Allan Dantas dos , Lima Shirley Veronica Melo Almeida , Araújo Karina Conceição Gomes Machado de , Alves José Antônio Barreto , Vaez Andreia Centenaro 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida dos estudantes de ciências da saúde que utilizam metodologia ativa de ensino-aprendizagem. Metodologia: Estudo observacional do tipo transversal, realizado em uma Universidade Pública situada na região centro-sul do estado de Sergipe. A amostra foi não probabilística por conveniência, constituída por 141 estudantes dos cursos de enfermagem, farmácia, fisioterapia, fonoaudiologia, medicina, nutrição, odontologia e terapia ocupacional. Foi aplicado um instrumento de caracterização e o World Health Organization’s Quality of Life- Bref. A coleta de dados foi realizada por formulário online enviado para o e-mail de todos os estudantes. Os dados foram armazenados e analisados pelo BioEstat versão 5.0 e GraphPad Prism versão 7.0 Resultados: Os estudantes de ciências da saúde apresentaram escores abaixo da média da qualidade de vida geral e dos domínios físico, psicológico, relações sociais e meio ambiente no primeiro, terceiro e quinto ciclo da graduação. Foi evidenciado que quanto maior o tempo de estudo autodirigido maior a alteração na qualidade de vida, sobretudo, no domínio psicológico. Conclusão: O uso das metodologias ativas altera a qualidade de vida dos estuantes de ciências da saúde em escores variados e dependendo do ciclo da graduação.
Altered White Matter Microstructures in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Coordinate‐Based Meta‐Analysis of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Studies
Authors: Zhou Cong , Li Jie , Dong Man , Ping Liangliang , Lin Hao , Wang Yuxin , Wang Shuting , Gao Shuo , Yu Ge , Cheng Yuqi , Xu Xiufeng 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often accompanied by cognitive decline and depressive symptoms. Numerous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies revealed microstructural white matter (WM) abnormalities in T2DM but the findings were inconsistent. The present study aimed to conduct a coordinate‐based meta‐analysis (CBMA) to identify statistical consensus of DTI studies in T2DM.MethodsWe performed a systematic search on relevant studies that reported fractional anisotropy (FA) differences between T2DM patients and healthy controls (HC). The anisotropic effect size seed‐based d mapping (AES-SDM) approach was used to explore WM alterations in T2DM. A meta‐regression was then used to analyze potential influences of sample characteristics on regional FA changes.ResultsA total of eight studies that comprised 245 patients and 200 HC, along with 52 coordinates were extracted. The meta‐analysis identified FA reductions in three clusters including the left inferior network, the corpus callosum (CC), and the left olfactory cortex. Besides, FA in the CC was negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI) in the patients group.ConclusionsT2DM could lead to subtle WM microstructural alterations, which might be associated with cognitive deficits or emotional distress symptoms. This provides a better understanding of the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration and complications in T2DM.Systematic Review RegistrationRegistered at PROSPERO (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO), registration number: CRD42020218737.
HLA-DR-Positive NK Cells Expand in Response to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Antigens and Mediate Mycobacteria-Induced T Cell Activation
Authors: Kust Sofya A. , Streltsova Maria A. , Panteleev Alexander V. , Karpina Natalya L. , Lyadova Irina V. , Sapozhnikov Alexander M. , Kovalenko Elena I. 
Published: May 2021

NK cells play an important role in the control of tuberculosis infection: they are not only able to kill the infected cells, but also control the activity of macrophages and development of the adaptive immune response. Still, there is little information on the role of specific NK cell subsets in this network. In this study, we focused on the mycobacteria-driven responses of the NK cells expressing HLA-DR – a type of MHC class II. We have revealed that this subset is increased in the peripheral blood of patients with primary diagnosed tuberculosis, and expands in response toin vitrostimulation with ultrasonically destroyedMycobacterium tuberculosiscells (sonicate). The expanded HLA-DR+NK cells had less differentiated phenotype, higher proliferative activity and increased expression of NKp30 and NKp46 receptors. HLA-DR+CD56dimNK cells showed higher IFNγ production and degranulation level than the respective HLA-DR−NK cells in response to both 24 h and 7 day stimulation with sonicate, while HLA-DR+CD56brightNK cells mostly demonstarted similar high responsiveness to the same stimulating conditions as their HLA-DR−CD56brightcounterparts. After preliminary incubation with destroyed mycobacteria, cytokine-activated HLA-DR-expressing NK cells were able to mediate mycobacteria-induced and HLA-DR-dependent cytokine production in autologous CD4+T cells. Thus, functionally active HLA-DR+cells seem to be one of the NK cell subsets providing an important link to the adaptive immunity.
Improvements in Upper Extremity Function Following Intensive Training Are Independent of Corticospinal Tract Organization in Children With Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Clinical Randomized Trial
Authors: Friel Kathleen M. , Ferre Claudio L. , Brandao Marina , Kuo Hsing-Ching , Chin Karen , Hung Ya-Ching , Robert Maxime T. , Flamand Veronique H. , Smorenburg Ana , Bleyenheuft Yannick , Carmel Jason B. , Campos Talita , Gordon Andrew M. 
Published: May 2021

Background/Objectives: Intensive training of the more affected upper extremity (UE) has been shown to be effective for children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP). Two types of UE training have been particularly successful: Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) and Bimanual training. Reorganization of the corticospinal tract (CST) early during development often occurs in USCP. Prior studies have suggested that children with an ipsilateral CST controlling the affected UE may improve less following CIMT than children with a contralateral CST. We tested the hypothesis that improvements in UE function after intensive training depend on CST laterality.Study Participants and Setting: Eighty-two children with USCP, age 5 years 10 months to 17 years, University laboratory setting.Materials/Methods: Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to determine each child's CST connectivity pattern. Children were stratified by age, sex, baseline hand function and CST connectivity pattern, and randomized to receive either CIMT or Bimanual training, each of which were provided in a day-camp setting (90 h). Hand function was tested before, immediately and 6 months after the intervention with the Jebsen-Taylor Test of Hand Function, the Assisting Hand Assessment, the Box and Block Test, and ABILHAND-Kids. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was used to track goal achievement and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory was used to assess functioning in daily living activities at home.Results: In contrast to our hypothesis, participants had statistically similar improvements for both CIMT and Bimanual training for all measures independent of their CST connectivity pattern (contralateral, ipsilateral, or bilateral) (p &lt; 0.05 in all cases).Conclusions/Significance: The efficacy of CIMT and Bimanual training is independent of CST connectivity pattern. Children with an ipsilateral CST, previously thought to be maladaptive, have the capacity to improve as well as children with a contralateral or bilateral CST following intensive CIMT or Bimanual training.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02918890.
The Influence of the Type of Background Noise on Perceptual Learning of Speech in Noise
Authors: Zhang Liping , Schlaghecken Friederike , Harte James , Roberts Katherine L. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesAuditory perceptual learning studies tend to focus on the nature of the target stimuli. However, features of the background noise can also have a significant impact on the amount of benefit that participants obtain from training. This study explores whether perceptual learning of speech in background babble noise generalizes to other, real-life environmental background noises (car and rain), and if the benefits are sustained over time.DesignNormal-hearing native English speakers were randomly assigned to a training (n = 12) or control group (n = 12). Both groups completed a pre- and post-test session in which they identified Bamford-Kowal-Bench (BKB) target words in babble, car, or rain noise. The training group completed speech-in-babble noise training on three consecutive days between the pre- and post-tests. A follow up session was conducted between 8 and 18 weeks after the post-test session (training group: n = 9; control group: n = 7).ResultsParticipants who received training had significantly higher post-test word identification accuracy than control participants for all three types of noise, although benefits were greatest for the babble noise condition and weaker for the car- and rain-noise conditions. Both training and control groups maintained their pre- to post-test improvement over a period of several weeks for speech in babble noise, but returned to pre-test accuracy for speech in car and rain noise.ConclusionThe findings show that training benefits can show some generalization from speech-in-babble noise to speech in other types of environmental noise. Both groups sustained their learning over a period of several weeks for speech-in-babble noise. As the control group received equal exposure to all three noise types, the sustained learning with babble noise, but not other noises, implies that a structural feature of babble noise was conducive to the sustained improvement. These findings emphasize the importance of considering the background noise as well as the target stimuli in auditory perceptual learning studies.