bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the determination of the voltage field in the eccentric tube, from an aging elasticplastic material
Authors: Гоцев Дмитрий Викторович , Ковалев Алексей Викторович , Шашкин Александр Иванович , Яковлев Александр Юрьевич 
Published: January 2021

В работе в ананлитическом виде определяется распределение полей напряжений в эксцентрической трубе, находящейся под действием внутреннего давления. Материал трубы моделировался средой, обладающей наследственно стареющими упругопластическими свойствами. Решение задачи проводилось в рамках метода возмущений. За малый параметр бралась величина эксцентриситета. В качестве невозмущенного состояния принималось осесимметричное упругопластическое напряженное состояние трубы, определенное с учетом возраста и истории нагружения материала. В результате моделирования выведено уравнение для определения формы и размера границы раздела упругой и пластичесой зон в трубе с эксцентриситетом, а также получены аналитические выражения для компонент напряжений в каждой из областей деформирования.
In this work, the distribution of stress fields in an eccentric pipe under the action of internal pressure is determined in an analytical form. The pipe material was modeled by a medium with hereditarily aging elastoplastic properties. The problem was solved within the framework of the perturbation method. The eccentricity value was taken as a small parameter. The unperturbed state was taken to be the axisymmetric elastoplastic stress state of the pipe, determined taking into account the age and loading history of the material. As a result of modeling, an equation was derived to determine the shape and size of the interface between the elastic and plastic zones in a pipe with eccentricity, and analytical expressions were obtained for the stress components in each of the deformation regions.
A hangos olvasás szerepe a kiejtés tanításában a kínai mint idegen nyelv oktatása során
Authors: Ye Qiuyue 
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the use of reading aloud as a technique in the teaching of pronunciation to learners of Chinese as a foreign language, emphasizing the importance of identifying and catering for the learners’ own attitudes. A questionnaire-based survey of university-level learners reveals an interesting difference between their rational belief in the usefulness of reading aloud and their emotional reactions to the idea. On the basis of these findings, the paper describes ways of including reading aloud in Chinese language courses without making the experience too threatening.
A ryūkyūi nyelv revitalizációja hagyományos tanórai környezetben
Authors: Hidvégi Zsófia 
Published: January 2021

UNESCO has acknowledged the six main Ryūkyūan languages as definitely and severely endangered languages. The language community is trying to halt and reverse the advanced language shift and attrition with the help of programs widely used in other language revitalisation movements. Among the most common choices for language transmission are traditional language courses, which require textbooks and dictionaries. These teaching materials should be adapted to the culture and social background of the language to be revitalised. This paper aims to examine the recently published textbooks and the orthography they use.
A japán jūdō terminológia magyar fordításának problémái
Authors: Richárd Gottner Gábor 
Published: January 2021

Kōdōkan jūdō is the first Japanese martial art ever introduced in Hungary, at the beginning of the twentieth century. In order to make jūdō popular among the general public, it was necessary to translate the cryptic Japanese names of the techniques to more familiar Hungarian terms, thus Hungarian jūdōterminology was born. Since then, nearly a century has passed, and partly because of the terminology, (which had no linguistic foundations but was created on the basis of mere observation by Hungarian practitioners), jūdō has drifted away from its authentic Japanese roots. In this study, I introduce the main translational errors affecting the terminology and try to offer some solutions favouring a more accurate Hungarian jūdō-terminology for the future.
Does Bank Capital Matter for Corporate Borrowers? Evidence from France
Authors: Grandi Pietro , Darriet Elisa , Guille Marianne , Belin Jean 
Published: January 2021

À l’aide d’une grande base de données regroupant 83 900 entreprises françaises appariées à 159 banques européennes sur la période 2014-2016, nous montrons que le capital des banques affecte la nature de leurs relations de crédit et l’accès au crédit des entreprises durant une phase d’expansion économique. Les entreprises informationnellement opaques sont plus susceptibles d’emprunter auprès de banques ayant des niveaux de capitalisation relativement élevés : en moyenne, les PME empruntent auprès de banques dont le ratio de capital est plus élevé, de 1,3 point de pourcentage, que celui des banques qui prêtent aux grandes entreprises. Cet appariement endogène a également des effets positifs sur les conditions d’octroi de crédit : en moyenne, une augmentation d’un écart type du ratio de capital de la banque est associée à une diminution d’un demi-point de pourcentage des coûts d’emprunt pour l’entreprise. Les entreprises liées aux banques à forte capitalisation obtiennent également davantage de prêts à court et long terme et sont moins tributaires du crédit commercial des fournisseurs. Ces résultats suggèrent que les banques à forte capitalisation et les entreprises a priori les plus susceptibles d’être contraintes financièrement sont naturellement prédisposées à s’apparier et que ces banques sont en mesure de répercuter leurs plus faibles coûts de financement sur leurs clients sous la forme d’une plus grande disponibilité de crédits à moindre coût.
Common Sense and Comparative Linguistics
Authors: Thorpe Lucas 
Published: January 2021

Je traite du rôle de la traductibilité dans la justification philosophique. Je présente et défends d’abord la conception que Thomas Reid se fait du rôle que peuvent jouer les faits relatifs à la linguistique comparative dans la justification philosophique. Il estime que le sens commun offre une forme de justification fiable, quoique révocable. Pourtant, nous ne pouvons pas savoir, de manière introspective, lesquels de nos jugements relèvent du sens commun. Les jugements de sens commun étant universels, il soutient donc que la preuve la plus forte qu’un jugement relève du sens commun est qu’on le retrouve formulé dans toutes les langues : le fait qu’une distinction se retrouve dans toutes les langues prouve qu’elle relève du sens commun et n’est pas un préjugé local commun. Les travaux empiriques en linguistique comparative peuvent ainsi jouer un rôle justificatif révocable dans les arguments philosophiques. Je distingue ensuite la position de Reid de celle, plus radicale, de l’approche du Métalangage Sémantique Naturel qui, comme le fait Anna Wierzbicka, soutient que seuls les jugements traductibles dans toutes les langues naturelles sont justifiables. Cette position découle d’une conception peu plausible, qui est pourtant très répandue chez les linguistes et les chercheurs en sciences cognitives, qui ne fait pas place à des concepts nouveaux.
Visual and Refractive Outcomes With the Eyecryl Phakic Toric IOL Versus the Visian Toric Implantable Collamer Lens: Results of a 2-Year Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: Brar Sheetal , Gautam Megha , Sute Smith Snehal , Pereira Savio , Ganesh Sri 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE:
To compare the 2-year visual and refractive outcomes with the Eyecryl Phakic Toric IOL (EP TIOL) (Biotech Vision Care Pvt Ltd) and Visian Toric ICL (TICL) (STAAR Surgical) for correction of high myopic astigmatism.

METHODS:
This prospective, interventional, non-randomized comparison study included eligible patients who underwent toric phakic IOL surgery in one or both eyes with either the EP TIOL or TICL for myopic astigmatism. Two years postoperatively, both lenses were compared for their safety, efficacy, stability, and patient satisfaction. Vector analysis of astigmatism was performed using the Alpins method with the ASSORT software (ASSORT Party Ltd).

RESULTS:

A total of 50 eyes were included, of which 25 eyes received EP TIOL implantation and the remaining 25 received TICL implantation. Preoperative mean ± standard deviation of spherical equivalent (SE) and cylinder was −10.15 ± 4.04 and −2.08 ± 0.86 diopters (D) in the EP TIOL group and −10.21 ± 3.97 and −2.17 ± 0.95 D in the TICL group, respectively. At 2 years of follow-up, there was no significant difference between the mean uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and residual astigmatism between the two groups (
P
> .05 for all parameters). Ninety-two percent of eyes in the EP TIOL group and 88% of eyes in the TICL group were within ±0.50 D of refractive astigmatism. Vector analysis of astigmatism showed a comparable Correction Index of 0.98 in the EP TIOL group and 0.94 in the TICL group, signifying a mild undercorrection of 2% and 6%, respectively. Two eyes in the TICL group underwent exchange for high vault and one eye required realignment due to significant postoperative rotation.

CONCLUSIONS:
At least for the first 2 years postoperatively, both toric phakic IOLs were safe and effective in managing high myopic astigmatism with comparable visual results and patient satisfaction.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(1):7–15.]
Accuracy of Intraoperative Aberrometry, Barrett True-K With and Without Posterior Cornea Measurements, Shammas-PL, and Haigis-L Formulas After Myopic Refractive Surgery
Authors: Christopher Karen L. , Patnaik Jennifer L. , Miller D. Claire , Lynch Anne M. , Taravella Michael J. , Davidson Richard S. 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE:
To assess the accuracy of intraoperative aberrometry, the Barrett True-K No History (Barrett TKNH), Barrett TKNH with posterior corneal measurements (Barrett TKNH with PC), Shammas-PL, and Haigis-L formulas in patients with cataract who had prior myopic refractive surgery.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective consecutive case series of patients with prior myopic refractive surgery undergoing cataract extraction. Mean absolute error (MAE) and median absolute error (MedAE) of refraction prediction were compared for each formula. Interactions of each biometry measurement were modeled for each formula to evaluate those with the most significant impact on refraction prediction.

RESULTS:

One hundred sixteen eyes of 79 patients were analyzed. MAE was 0.40 ± 0.33 diopters (D) for intraoperative aberrometry and 0.42 ± 0.31 D for the Barrett TKNH, 0.38 ± 0.30 D for the Barrett TKNH with PC, 0.47 ± 0.38 D for the Shammas-PL, and 0.56 ± 0.39 D for the Haigis-L formulas. Comparisons between formulas were significant for Barrett TKNH versus Barrett TKNH with PC formulas (
P
= .046), Barrett TKNH with PC versus Shammas-PL formulas (
P
= .023), and for all comparisons with the Haigis-L formula (
P
< .001), and not significant for all other comparisons (
P
> .05). Eyes were within ±0.50 D of prediction 73%, 72%, 69%, 62%, and 52% of the time for intraoperative aberrometry, the Barrett TKNH with PC, Barrett TKNH, Shammas-PL, and Haigis-L formulas, respectively. Corneal asphericity (Q value) was significantly associated with prediction error for all five methods. Changes in anterior chamber depth had a significant impact on Shammas-PL prediction errors.

CONCLUSIONS:
Newer technology using information from the posterior cornea modestly improved outcomes when compared to established methods for intraocular lens selection in eyes that had previous laser refractive surgery for myopia.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(1):60–68.]
An Online Investigation of Knowledge and Preventive Practices in Regard to COVID-19 in Iran
Authors: Heydari Mohammad Reza , Joulaei Hassan , Zarei Nooshin , Fararouei Mohammad , Gheibi Zahra 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Until now, there was no available study on the knowledge and practice of the people of Iran with regard to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and preventive practices of Iranians toward the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study of 925 people who completed an online questionnaire in March 2020. The study used 21 and 14 questions, respectively, to assess the knowledge and preventive practices of the population in regard to COVID-19. Cronbach's alpha was 0.75 for the knowledge scale and 0.71 for the practice scale. To determine the importance of each independent variable in explaining the participant's practice, a multiple regression model was applied.

Key Results:

The results indicated a moderate level of knowledge and preventive practices in regard to COVID-19 in most of the respondents (56.8% and 56.5%, respectively). According to the multiple regression analysis, knowledge showed the highest effect on the practice of the participants (β = 0.479). The determination coefficient for the model (
R
2
= 0.509) also showed approximately 51% of the variance in practice was explained by gender, occupational status, knowledge, cost of hand sanitizer, and the belief in the effectiveness of using such necessities.

Conclusions:

Acceptable rates of knowledge and practice were observed in most Iranians. However, approximately 10% of the participants were unaware of the effective measures for preventing the infection, which can cause active transmission of the virus. In addition to considering the importance of high community awareness in prevention and isolation measures, the government should provide disinfectants and other materials at a low price to reduce the transmission, as this may lead to effective practice to break the chain of transmission of COVID-19.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2021;5(1):e15–e23.]

Plain Language Summary:
This study sought to evaluate the knowledge and preventive practices of Iranians toward the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Findings of this research demonstrate acceptable rates of knowledge and practice in most Iranians; however, about 10% of them were unaware of the true prevention practices, which can cause active transmission of the virus.
Mobile Learning Application for Helping Pupils in Learning Chemistry
Authors: Ewais Ahmad , Hodrob Rami , Maree Mohammad , Jaradat Sirien 
Published: January 2021

<p>Elementary school pupils can face different difficulties to learn different topics. Among the different topics, learning chemical elements and their different properties and interactions. A way to make the learning process easier and effective is using mobile learning. Mobile learning can contribute a new method to educate pupils different topics. Also, mobile learning has different advantages over classical learning materials. Among the different advantages of using mobile learning is the fact that it enables pupils to interact with learning materials, visualize different learning concepts, and learning anytime and anywhere. This article presents an exploration study related to investigating the possible use of educational mobile App to learn chemistry course in elementary school. The article presents also a qualitative research methodology implemented by including 7 pupils. � The findings of this research show that mobile learning technology can be adopted for learning chemistry course in order to enable pupils to understand periodic table, chemical elements properties and their chemical interaction. Also, this study has shown that the proposed mobile application can be integrated in learning chemistry course for elementary school pupils.</p>
Les dés sont jetés !
Authors: Dollfus Pascale 
Published: January 2021

En écho aux écrits publiés sur le jeu et les jeux par Philippe Sagant, cet article propose de mettre en lumière le lancer de dés (et son double langage), tel qu’il est pratiqué aujourd’hui chez les pasteurs nomades du Ladakh, aux confins du plateau tibétain. Lancer les dés, un geste qui s’accompagne toujours de phrases équivoques, susurrées ou criées à pleine voix, n’est pas seulement sur ces hautes terres une méthode de divination, un divertissement et un jeu d’argent, mais aussi le moyen par lequel sont prises toutes les décisions relatives à la bonne marche de la communauté : élection du chef et de ses adjoints, répartition des pâturages, choix des hommes envoyés chercher les animaux égarés, etc. Ce jeu, ouvert à tous les hommes quels qu’en soient l’âge et le statut (laïc ou religieux, marié ou célibataire), est interdit aux femmes, lesquelles ont en revanche l’exclusivité de reproduire le dessin de dés sur les tapis de laine et les couvertures qu’elles tissent, une illustration du proverbe « homme du dehors, femme du dedans » qui régit la société.
Des bâtisseurs de rizières aux migrations de travail : apports des thèses de Philippe Sagant
Authors: Aubriot Olivia 
Published: January 2021

Cette brève note se focalise sur deux aspects du travail de Philippe Sagant relatifs à l’histoire des populations au Népal : la conquête avant tout technique des Indo-Népalais, bâtisseurs de rizières, et l’expansion du capitalisme britannique comme explication des premières migrations de travail à l’étranger (en Inde en l’occurrence).
Factors Associated with High Rates of Recurrence of Amebic Liver Abscess (ALA) in North India
Authors: Singh Aradhana , Banerjee Tuhina , Shukla Sunit Kumar 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTRecurrence of amebic liver abscess (ALA), once considered unusual, is increasingly being reported, despite proper management. Realizing the endemicity of ALA in the study setup, this 2-year follow-up study was conducted to investigate the recurrent cases and study the associated factors. A total of 101 confirmed cases of ALA were followed up for a period of 2 years. Recurrent cases were studied for associated bacterial flora, presence of resistance genes (nim), level of matrix metalloproteinase 3 and MMP-9, and genotypes of Entamoeba histolytica and statistically compared with the nonrecurrent cases as controls. Recurrence rates of 8.9% (nine patients) were detected. The presence of Prevotella along with an increased level of MMP-9 in abscess fluid and large size of abscesses (11 × 10.8 cm) was found to be significantly associated with recurrence in ALA. Among the nine cases, the presence of nimE gene was detected in two (22.2%) patients. The genotyping of E. histolytica strains showed that in seven (77.7%) cases, the genotype of E. histolytica was the same in the primary and recurrent samples. This study reports a high rate of recurrence in the cases of ALA, hinting toward the gradual development of clinical resistance toward the commonly used drug. The presence of nim gene and Prevotella in abscess fluid along with increased MMP-9 levels and large abscess size could be important predictors of recurrent ALA.
Phytochemical profile and antioxidant properties of leaves extracts from Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile and their allelopathic potential on terrestrial plant species
Authors: Nakbi H. , Dallel W. , Hammami S. , Mighri Z. 
Published: January 2021

Dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts obtained from Posidonia oceanica (L.) leaves, were examined in order to determine their total phenolic, flavonoid, flavonol, anthocyanin and condensed tannins contents as well as their antioxidant and allelopathic activities. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of crude extracts confirmed the presence of coumarins in dichloromethane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts. The antioxidant activity estimated using the DPPH assay was significantly more pronounced for the ethyl acetate extract (IC50 = 1.19±0.018 mg/mL) than that of the other extracts. The allelopathic effect against the seeds of Carum carvi (L.) and Foeniculum vulgare (Mill.) indicated that, depending on concentration, the extracts from the leaves of P. oceanic (L.) inhibited or stimulated at different concentrations the germination, shoot and root elongation of seedlings growth. The results of this study suggest that P. oceanica (L.) extracts could be useful as a natural source of health-promoting effects and herbicides.

KEY WORDS: Posidonia oceanic (L.), Phytochemical profile, Phenolic compounds, Antioxidant activity, Carum carvi (L.), Foeniculum vulgare (Mill)

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 437-447.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.1
Synthesis and characterization of CdS/UiO-66/Ag3PO4 nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation
Authors: Kebede T. , M. Taddesse A. , Ergedo B. 
Published: January 2021

Single, binary and ternary nanomaterials were synthesized by precipitation, solvothermal, simple solution and impregnation methods to serve as photocatalysts. The crystal structure, morphology, band gap energy, functional groups and optical properties of these materials were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDX, UV-Vis, FTIR, and PL instrumental techniques, respectively. Photocatalaytic degradation performances of all the as-synthesized photocatalysts were investigated under visible light irradiation using MO as a model organic pollutant. The photocatalytic degradation performances of all the photocatalysts were evaluated on aqueous solution of the model pollutant dye as well as on a real sewage sample solution collected from Bahir Dar Textile Share Company. Results suggested that the optimized ternary nanocomposite photocatalyst exhibited a relatively higher efficiency towards the photodegradation of both the methyl orange (MO) dye solution (90%) and the real sewage sample solution (71.2%). The effect of operational parameters such as pH (4), initial dye concentration (10 mg/L) and photocatalyst load (0.2 g/L) in MO dye degradation were investigated by using the ternary CdS/UiO-66/Ag3PO4 (R4) nanocomposite.

KEY WORDS: Metal-organic frameworks, Nanocomposite, Ternary system, Photocatalysts, Methyl orange

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 571-588.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.12
Electrochemical studies of 1-ferrocenylmethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium iodide and 1-(ferrocenylmethyl)-3-mesityl-imidazolium iodide: redox potential and substituent effects
Authors: N. Salah N. , Abdelkrim R. , F. Pierre D. , Samuel D. , Fadila L. 
Published: January 2021

The electrochemical behavior of 1-ferrocenylmethyl-3-(methyl)-imidazolium iodide (or mesityl) imidazolium was studied by cyclic voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode in midiums organic to determine the influences of electronic imidazolium group on the ferrocene. The experimental results indicated that the redox reaction was reversible. Mass transport towards the electrode is a simple diffusion process and the diffusion coefficient (D) for redox couple has been also calculated and we have evaluated the heterogeneous charge transfer rate constant (K0).

KEY WORDS: Electrochemical behaviour, Cyclic voltammetry, Imidazolium salts, Diffusion coefficient

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 605-612.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.15