bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mission in Suffering Context
Authors: GP Harianto 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study aims to examine the mission in the context of suffering related to about theology of suffering, its context in Indonesia and its implications for mission in Indonesia. In connection with the goal, the results of the study show that suffering is the pressure faced by someone who comes from outside himself to exert a good influence on that person. The suffering of non-believers is different. If non-believers are suffering because of the world, but if believers suffer because of Christ. The suffering experienced by believers in Indonesia is indeed the Great Commission of Christ. Believers and the church are obliged to do God's mission is to win souls who are lost in their suffering by being a witness of God and dialogue to preach the gospel.Keywords: Mission; Suffer; Church; BelieversAbstractPenelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji mengenai misi dalam konteks penderitaan berkaitan dengan seputar teologi penderitaan, konteksnya di Indonesia dan implikasinya terhadap misi di Indonesia. Berkaitan dengan tujuan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penderitaan ialah tekanan yang dihadapi seseorang yang datang dari luar dirinya untuk memberikan pengaruh yang baik kepada orang tersebut. Penderitaan orang yang bukan percaya dengan orang percaya berbeda. Kalau orang yang bukan percaya adalah penderitaan karena dunia tetapi kalau orang percaya menderita karena Kristus. Penderitaan yang dialami orang-orang percaya di Indonesia adalah memang amanat Agung Kristus. Orang percaya maupun gereja wajib melakukan misi Allah adalah memenangkan jiwa-jiwa yang tersesat dalam penderitaannya dengan cara adalah menjadi saksi Allah dan dialog untuk memberitakan Injil. Kata Kunci: Misi; Penderitaan; Gereja; Orang Percaya
KONSEP IBADAH YANG BENAR DALAM ALKITAB
Authors: Henny Lucyana 
Published: February 2021

Worship according to the concept of Christianity is God's commandment that must be done by every person who has been redeemed and saved by the Lord Jesus Christ. The purpose of the study is to answer: What is the meaning of worship of believers? What are the elements of worship according to the Bible? How is worship lived in church life? Research using qualitative methods using literature review (library research). The results of the study are: (1) worship truly is a service to God by offering all souls and spirits with various actions and attitudes of respect and adoration, submission, and obedience with a thankful welcome. (2) Worship without doubt is the inner confession of a person who accepts that God is sovereign in power and good. With a series of personal offerings and the offerings of the people, approaching the altar of God by bringing sacrifice. (3) worship lived in church life is Jesus as the subject of worship through hymns, prayers, confessions of sins begging for forgiveness, giving thanks. Church life gives the best offerings to God, body, soul and spirit, which must be accompanied by service to others.AbstrakBeribadah menurut konsep kekristenan adalah perintah Tuhan yang wajib dilakukan oleh setap orang yang sudah di tebus dan diselamatkan oleh Tuhan Yesus Kristus. Tujuan penelitian adalah menjawab: Apakah makna ibadah persekutuan orang percaya? Apakah unsur-unsur ibadah menurut Alkitab? Bagaimanakah ibadah dihayati dalam kehidupan bergereja? Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kajian literature (library research). Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) ibadah yang benar adalah pelayanan kepada Allah dengan mempersembahkan seluruh tubuh jiwa dan roh dengan aneka tindakan dan sikap penuh hormat dan puja, ketundukan, serta ketaatan dengan penuh ucapan syukur. (2) unsur-unsur ibadah adalah ungkapan batin seseorang yang mengakui bahwa Allah berdaulat penuh kuasa dan baik. Dengan rangkaian persembahan pribadi maupun persembahan umat, menghampiri mezbah Allah dengan membawa kurban. (3) ibadah dihayati dalam kehidupan bergereja adalah Yesus sebagai pokok penyembahan melalui nyanyian pujian, doa, pengakuan dosa mohon pengampunan, mengucap syukur. Kehidupan bergereja itu memberikan persembahan terbaik kepada Tuhan yaitu tubuh, jiwa dan roh, yang harus dibarengi dengan pelayanan kepada sesama.
MAKNA KEBANGKITAN YESUS BERDASARKAN SURAT-SURAT PAULUS
Authors: Junias Resa , Sondopen Dorce 
Published: February 2021

Abstract: Basically, Jesus was willing to offer himself to come down to earth to teach the gospel to every human being and was willing to be tortured, crucified, and died to atone for human sins. The purpose of this research is to answer the question: What does God want about His resurrection? How important is the resurrection of Jesus for the lives of believers? What effect will the resurrection of Jesus Christ have on the lives of believers? The answer was: (1) His bodily resurrection and eternity. Everything is possible because Christ, after He rose from the dead, did not die again, in other words, He lives and continues to live. The resurrection of Christ happened a transfer of power, Christ went from being ruled by death to being ruler over death. (2) Without the resurrection, Christian faith is not possible. His disciples are only symbols of defeat and destruction. Without the resurrection, Jesus' position as Messiah and King would be inexplicable. Without the resurrection, the outpouring of the Holy Spirit would leave an inexplicable mystery. Without the resurrection, the source of the disciples' testimony was lost. (3) The impact of the resurrection of Jesus Christ for the lives of believers is that as long as man is in God, whatever he does, all his efforts in God, will receive a reward or reward from God. Abstrak: Pada dasarnya Yesus rela mempersembahkan diri-Nya untuk turun ke bumi guna mengajarkan injil bagi setiap manusia dan rela disiksa, serta disalibkan, dan mati bagi menebus dosa manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini menjawab pertanyaan: Apakah yang Tuhan inginkan tentang kebangkitan-Nya? Bagaimana pentingnya kebangkitan Yesus untuk kehidupan orang percaya? Apa dampak kebangkitan Yesus Kristus bagi kehidupan orang percaya? Jawabnya adalah: (1) Kebangkitan tubuhnya dan berlanjut dalam kekekalan. Semuanya dapat terjadi karena Kristus, sesudah Ia bangkit dari antara orang mati, tidak mati lagi, dengan kata lain, Ia hidup dan terus hidup. Kebangkitan Kristus terjadi peralihan kekuasaan, Kristus beralih dari dikuasai oleh maut menjadi penguasa atas maut. (2) Tanpa kebangkitan, iman Kristen tidak mungkin muncul. Murid-murid-Nya hanyalah simbol kekalahan dan kehancuran. Tanpa kebangkitan, posisi Yesus sebagai Mesias dan Raja tidak akan terjelaskan. Tanpa kebangkitan, pencurahan Roh Kudus akan meninggalkan misteri yang tidak dapat dijelaskan. Tanpa kebangkitan, sumber kesaksian murid-murid hilang. (3) Dampak kebangkitan Yesus Kristus bagi kehidupan orang percaya adalah selama manusia ada di dalam Tuhan, apapun yang ia kerjakan, semua jerih payahnya dalam Tuhan, akan mendapat balasan atau upah dari Tuhan.
PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN DI ABAD ERA GLOBALISASI: STRATEGIC TEACHING AND LEARNING YANG BERORIENTASI KEPADA STUDENTS-CENTERED
Authors: Leong Rufina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract: Learning strategies have the purpose of giving awareness to educators to increase their knowledge of technological development skills from the era of globalization. The question that arises: What is Christian Education? What are the effective Christian Education learning strategies? What are the challenges, constraints of implementing Christian Education, and how to overcome them? The answer is: (1) Christian education is a student-centered learning process based on elements of communication, collaborative, critical thinking, creativity, and the application of pure values and ethics. (2) Christian Education learning strategies can be done in accordance with the context of students in the classroom with the following rules: teachers determine the instructor learning process strategy, teachers give time and opportunity, teachers give clear instructions to students, teachers give trust and guidance to students and teachers give students the right to learn. (3) The challenges and constraints of implementing Christian Education and how to overcome it are: First, teachers (lecturers) need to be aware of the importance of diversifying teaching and learning methods to be in line with 21st century education in fulfilling their duties and responsibilities for students . Second, teachers should always be proactive, self-assessing, prepared, confident and take the initiative to strive to improve skills and produce effective teaching techniques that are able to attract students. Abstrak: Strategi pembelajaran mempunyai tujuan memberi kesadaran kepada warga pendidik meningkat pengetahuan keterampilan perkembangan tekonologipada era globalisasi. Persoalan yang timbul: Apa itu Pendidikan Kristen? Bagaimanakah strategi pembelajaran Pendidikan Kristen yang efektif? Bagaimanakah cabaran, kekangan melaksanakan Pendidikan Kristen, dan cara mengatasinya? Jawabnya adalah: (1) Pendidikan Kristen merupakn proses pembelajaran yang berpusatkan murid berteraskan elemen komunikasi, kolaboratif, pemikiran kritis, kreativiti, dan aplikasi nilai murni dan etika. (2) Strategi pembelajaran Pendidikan Kristen dapat dilakukan sesuai dengan konteks murid di kelas dengan kaidah-kaidah sebagai berikut: guru menentukan strategi proses belajar pengajar, guru beri masa dan peluang, guru memberikan arahan jelas kepada murid, guru memberi kepercayaan dan bimbingan kepada murid, dan guru memberikan hak murid untuk belajar. (3) Cabaran dan kekangan melaksanakan Pendidikan Kristen dan cara mengatasinya adalah: Pertama, guru-guru (pensyarah-pensyarah) perlu sadar akan kepentingan mempelbagaikan kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran agar selari dengan pendidikan abad ke-21 dalam menunaikan tugas dan tanggungjawab mereka demi kemenjadian murid. Kedua, guru harus sentiasa bersikap proaktif, menilai diri, bersedia, berkeyakinan dan mengambil inisiatif untuk berusaha meningkatkan kemahiran dan menghasilkan teknik pengajaran berkesan yang mampu menarik minat murid.
Voicing Ineffability: Theological Modernism and the Expression(ism) of Faith in Schoenberg's Moses und Aron
Authors: Ball Andrew J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Moses and Aron is indicative of the shift in Schoenberg's thinking that occurred in the early 1920s. His conflicting aesthetic and religious convictions are embodied in Moses, who reflects Schoenberg's religious piety, and Aron who represents his devotion to expressionist, Schopenhauerian aesthetics. By revisiting the figures and relationship of Moses and Aron, Schoenberg's opera examines the possibility of an anti- idolatrous modern work of religious Judaic art. By problematizing the contradiction of creating anti-idolatrous, worshipful Jewish art, Schoenberg foregrounds an aesthetic-theological quandary. How can a Jewish artist represent, not the ineffable—the divine—but ineffability while still adhering to the law of anti-idolatry?
“My Favorite Things” as Civil Disobedience: A Mingling Descant on Creativity and Contumacy
Authors: Seery John 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article, coupling music and political theory, calls for belated recognition of John Coltrane's “My Favorite Things” as an exercise in civil disobedience. The article first examines the history of the piece, including controversies in music scholarship surrounding its apparently buried racial politics. Distinguishing between composition and performance, the paper proffers that improvisational performance, à la Coltrane, enacts an unwritten license to disobey, even break, prevailing rules and conventions. With a focus on Coltrane's musical misconduct, the essay amends Hannah Arendt's use of the term “civil disobedience” to include a wider range of acts of resistance beyond those of state law-breaking.
Idiocy and Irony in Plato's Dialogues and Dostoevsky's The Idiot
Authors: Stromberg David 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on two concepts, irony and idiocy, as they appear in the works of Plato and Dostoevsky. In Plato's case, the article describes how irony is thematized in a rhetorical mode and also deployed as a dialectical method, creating dramatic tension that produces additional layers of significance. In Dostoevsky's case, it addresses his thematization of irony and its deployment as a dialectical method to develop idiocy as a framing concept for the novel. Setting aside general philosophical issues relating to Plato's use of literary representation, as well as broader thematic implications of idiocy in Dostoevsky, the article focuses on a thread passing from Plato to Dostoevsky, through the concepts of irony to idiocy, and suggests that just as Plato's dialogues have a representational layer in which their text points to a layer of dramatic significance, so Dostoevsky's novel has a conceptual layer pointing to philosophical significance. This philosophical significance, embedded in dialectical irony as a literary method, does not necessarily encapsulate any specific idea. Yet it does indicate that, beyond the representation of the novel's characters as tragic figures, there lies a potential for understanding the book, in its entirety, as a tale of cautionary wisdom.
A evolução da gestão ambiental nos munícipios brasileiros
Authors: Santos Carina Angélica dos , Santos Carla Zoaid Alves dos , Gomes Laura Jane , Queiroz Napoleão Dos Santos 
Published: February 2021

A gestão ambiental municipal se tornou um dos principais fatores de articulação político-administrativa do desenvolvimento sustentável local. A capacidade dos municípios em instituírem seus Sistemas Municipais de Meio Ambiente – SISMUMA tem sido um passo fundamental para a efetividade dessa gestão. No entanto, faz-se necessário um acompanhamento do processo de descentralização da gestão ambiental no Brasil e do modo como os municípios têm operado os seus SISMUMAs. A realização deste trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a evolução da gestão ambiental municipal no Brasil considerando cinco áreas específicas: Estrutura, Legislação, Recursos Humanos, Conselho e Fundo Ambiental, agrupadas por regiões brasileiras. Para isso, utilizou-se como base o banco de dados da Pesquisa de Informações Básicas Municipais – MUNIC, do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE, considerando uma série de dados dos anos 2002, 2013 e 2017, este, último ano de publicação dos dados para a área ambiental. Os resultados apontaram que até o ano de 2017 houve um avanço na estrutura ambiental dos municípios brasileiros, principalmente, após a publicação da Lei Complementar 140, de 2011. Observou-se, por exemplo, o aumento do número de órgãos ambientais e do quantitativo de pessoal empregado na área, mas ainda existem diferenças quanto à dinâmica de evolução entre as regiões brasileiras, principalmente na Região Nordeste. Apesar da evolução constada até o ano de 2017, recomenda-se a continuidade da pesquisa e ampliação dos fatores que podem influenciar na determinação da capacidade da gestão ambiental dos municípios brasileiros, bem como uma análise quanto às alterações que vêm sendo realizadas na estrutura ambiental brasileira após o ano de 2018, e como estas afetarão a gestão ambiental nos municípios brasileiros.
Variables related to the comfort of the family of people in critical care
Authors: Moraes Mariana de Almeida , Mussi Fernanda Carneiro , Pereira Elilian Oliveira , Gonsalves Eulália Cristina Leal de Oliveira , Freitas Kátia Santana , Santos Carlos Antônio de Souza Teles 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To verify the variables related to the comfort level of family members of people in intensive care units.Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted in six intensive care units, with 250 family members, using the Comfort Scale for Family Members of People in Critical Health State. The sample data were analyzed in absolute and relative frequencies, means and standard deviation. The level of global comfort and dimension were analyzed by the arithmetic mean of the response levels of the Comfort Scale for Family Members of People in Critical Health State. The One-Way test (ANOVA) was used to analyze differences in the means of the comfort level of the previously mentioned scale according to variables of interest.Results: The variables severity level, hospitalization time and nature of the relationship of the family member and relative, as well as gender, age, income were statistically significant in relation to the comfort level. Conclusions: Variables related to the context of hospitalization of the relative and sociodemographic data of the family members were related to the level of comfort.
LAS RAÍCES EMPIRIOCRITICISTAS DEL CONCEPTO DE MUNDO NATURAL EN E. HUSSERL
Authors: Cavallaro Marco 
Published: February 2021

En este artículo queremos investigar la relación entre las filosofías de Edmund Husserl y Richard Avenarius. A pesar de que este tema ha sido prácticamente ignorado por los estudiosos de Husserl, es de suma importancia si uno quiere iluminar los orígenes del pensamiento fenomenológico de Husserl. Nuestra tesis es que el concepto de Husserl de actitud natural y su correlato, el mundo natural (Umwelt) -tal y como ellos surgen en diferentes conferencias durante la década de 1910 y especialmente en Ideas I con respecto a la reducción fenomenológica- se derivan de una temprana confrontación con el punto de vista del empiriocriticismo de Avenarius como fue expuesto en su libro Der menschliche Weltbegriff. Con el fin de mantener esta afirmación, discutiremos el acercamiento gradual de Husserl a las teorías del filósofo suizo-alemán así como su última crítica al mismo. Aunque, de hecho, Husserl concibió el punto de vista den Avenarius como un principio valioso, al final de sus reflexiones pone en cuestión algunas de las premisas de la filosofía empiriocriticista.In this paper I investigate the relationship between the philosophies of Edmund Husserl and Richard Avenarius. Despite this tapie has been almost disregarded by Husserlian scholars, it is of uttermost importance if one aims at illuminating the origins of Hus­serl's phenomenological thinking. My thesis is that Husserl's concept of natural attitude and its correlate, the natural world (Umwe/t) -as they emerge in various lectures during the 1910s and especially in Ideen I with respectmto the phenomenological reduction- stem from an early confrontation with Avenarius' "empiriocriticist" standpoint as laid out in his book Der menschliche Weltbegriff. In order to up­ hold this claim, I will discuss in my paper Husserl's gradual approach to the theories of the Swiss-German philosopher as well as his late critique of the same. Although Husserl in fact conceived of Avenarius' standpoint as a valuable beginning, he was decisively prompted in his late reflections to call into question sorne of the premises of the "empirio-criticist" philosophy.
Habiter son territoire forestier
Authors: Blouin Denis , Bissonnette Jean-François , Bouthillier Luc 
Published: February 2021

Cet article s’intéresse aux Mi’gmaq de Gespeg, qui participent à des initiatives en foresterie communautaire depuis plus de quinze ans près de la ville de Gaspé, au Québec. Les auteurs tentent de définir ici les perceptions et les attentes de cette communauté dans ce domaine, ainsi que son engagement en foresterie communautaire, et de comprendre la direction qu’elle souhaite prendre dans son projet forestier. Dans ce but, ils ont effectué des séjours, des recherches documentaires et des entretiens dans une démarche collaborative avec la communauté, pour préciser sa vision et ses objectifs – ce qui a permis de conclure à la spécificité de ses attentes, plutôt culturelles et identitaires qu’économiques concernant le territoire et la forêt. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent la pertinence d’explorer une gouvernance territoriale et forestière innovante et adaptée au contexte autochtone.
In vivo Action on the Hemogram of Oryctolagus cuniculus of Mucuna pruriens and Millettia pinnata (Fabaceae) Minerals
Authors: Okou Obou Constantin , Akaffou Marc Hermann , Allali Kouadio Bernard , Bingo Guy Childeric , Djaman Allico Joseph 
Published: February 2021

Aims: Evaluate the in vivo activity of minerals from two plants on hematological parameters.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology and at the laboratory of Daloa Hospital (Côte d'Ivoire), between December 2019 and April 2020.
Methodology: During this study, twenty-seven rabbits, seventeen males and ten females were used. For its realization, two portions were carried out (experimental and control). The experimental portion consisted of seven batches of three rabbits (two males and one female), while the control portion consisted of two batches of three males and three females for each batch. Each rabbit of the two portions was collected separately in a purple tube (EDTA) with the only difference that for the experimental portion, a given rabbit was first scarified and then a previously prepared precise potion (P) was separately applied to the scarified area of the rabbit and blood was collected from day 4 onwards for analysis of hematological parameters.
Results: This study reveals that:

P1 (ashes of Mucuna pruriens, Millettia pinnata and viper skull) and P3 (ashes of Millettia pinnata) have a stimulating activity on hematopoiesis.
P1, P3, P4 (ashes of viper skull), P6 (ashes of viper skull and Mucuna pruriens) and P7 (ashes of viper skull and Millettia pinnata) have a stimulating action on the synthesis of hemoglobin.
P1, P2, P3, P5 (ashes of Mucuna pruriens and Millettia pinnata), P6 and P7 induce hyperlymphocytosis in some animals; whereas P1, P3 and P6 promote hyperleukocytosis in each female of lots 3; 5 and 8.
P2 (Mucuna pruriens ash), P3, P5, P6 and P7 induce thrombocytosis in females of the various lots; while P1, P2, P4, P6 and P7 promote thrombocytopenia in some animals.

Conclusion: Minerals from the two plants have different effects on rabbit hematological parameters.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tongue: Analysis of Clinico Pathological Features
Authors: Fatima Sana , Hosein Mervyn , Butt Saima Akram , Baig Faraz Ahmed , Siddiqui Rehan Ahmed , Abidi Fizza 
Published: February 2021

Aims: Squamous cell carcinoma of tongue (SCCOT) is the most common malignant neoplasm of oral cavity. It is a major health concern and causes significant morbidity and mortality. There is high prevalence of exposure to risk factors of SCCOT in our region, therefore the present study is designed to provide an insight of clinicopathological parameters of SCCOT that will help in identifying any specific trends.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of histopathology, Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, from January 2020 to November 2020.
Methodology: 27 biopsy specimens of SSSOT were taken. Clinocopathological parameters of SCCOT were evaluated. Data was subjected to appropriate statistics using SPSS version 20.
Results: Out of the 27patients, 15(55.6%) were men and 12(44.4%) were women. The overall mean age at presentation was (46.77+/-14.05) years. Lateral borders of tongue were involved in 16(59.3%) of patients. Of the total, 22 (81.5%) patients had moderately differentiated carcinoma. T3 size of tumor was present in 12 (44.4%) of patients. Cervical lymph node metastasis was found in 15 (55.5%) of patients. At presentation, 20(74%) had advanced Stage (III-IV) disease.
Conclusion: It is an alarming situation that most patients presented with advance stages of SCCOT. Emphasis should be given on early diagnosis of SCCOT. There is also need on increasing oral cancer awareness among the public to reduce the burden of this disease.