bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pivotal factors associated with the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and melanoma metastasis
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Dang Dan , Cong Lele , Sun Hongyan , Cong Xianling 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundConsidering melanoma is the deadliest malignancy among dermatoma and presently lacks effective therapies, there is an urgent need to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying melanoma metastasis and determine prospective therapeutic targets for precise treatment of melanoma.MethodHub genes in melanoma metastasis were identified by analyzing RNA‐seq data (mRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA) obtained from TCGA database. Then the identified hub genes were validated in human tissues with qRT‐PCR, followed by survival analysis. Competing endogenous RNAs of the hub genes were defined to clarify potential molecular mechanism of melanoma progression. Then central gene‐related signaling pathways were analyzed, followed by immune cell abundance analysis in tumor microenvironment with CYTERSORTx.ResultA tetrad of IL2RA, IL2RG, IFNG, and IL7R genes were determined as hub genes and verified by qRT‐PCR, which were significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis in melanoma. LINC02446, LINC01857, and LINC02384 may act as competing endogenous lncRNAs of IL2RA and IL7R through absorbing their shared miR.891a.5p and miR.203b.3p. JAK—STAT signaling pathway identified as the most relevant pathway in melanoma metastasis, as well as a wealthy of genes including TNFRSF 13B, TNFRSF17, TNFRSF9, TNFRSF8, TNFRSF13C, TNFRSF11B, LAG3, NRP1, ENTPD1, NT5E, CCL21, and CCR7, may induce tumor autoimmune suppression through enhancing regulatory T‐cell abundance and performance in the tumor microenvironment. And regulatory T‐cell proportion was indeed critically elevated in metastatic melanoma relative to primary melanoma, as well as in highly expressed IL2RA, IL2RG, IL7R, and IFNG group than their respective counterparts.ConclusionElevated IL2RA, IL2RG, IL7R, and IFNG expression may play a central role in promoting melanoma metastasis through up regulation of intratumoral regulatory T—cell proportion mainly by activation of JAK—STAT signaling pathway. LINC02446, LINC01857, and LINC02384 may stimulate melanoma progression by reducing tumor‐protecting miR.891a.5p and miR.203b.3p. A number of identified molecules including TNFRSF13B, LAG3, NRP1, ENTPD1, NT5E, CCL21, and CCR7 can serve as future therapeutic targets in melanoma treatment.
Trichostatin A promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell migration and EMT through BRD4/ERK1/2‐dependent pathway
Authors: Liu Danhui , Liu Yuzhen , Qi Bo , Gu Chengwei , Huo Shuhua , Zhao Baosheng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundHistone deacetylases (HDACs) have been demonstrated to be aberrantly activated in tumorigenesis and cancer development. Thus, HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) are considered to be promising anti‐cancer therapeutics. However, recent studies have shown that HDACIs promote the migration of many cancer cells. Therefore, there is a need to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of HDACIs on cancer cell migration to establish a combination therapy that overcomes HDACI‐induced cell migration.MethodsKYSE‐150 and EC9706 cells were treated differently. Effects of drugs and siRNA treatment on tumor cell migration and cell signaling pathways were investigated by transwell migration assy. Gene expression for SNAI2 was tested by RT‐qPCR. Western blot analysis was employed to detect the level of E‐cadherin, β‐catenin, vimentin,Slug，ERK1/2, H3, PAI‐1 and BRD4. The effect of drugs on cell morphology was evaluated through phase‐contrast microscopic images.ResultsTSA promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ESCC cells by downregulating the epithelial marker E‐cadherin and upregulating mesenchymal markers β‐catenin, vimentin, Slug, and PAI‐1. Knockdown of Slug by siRNA or inhibition of PAI‐1 clearly suppressed TSA‐induced ESCC cell migration and resulted in the reversal of TSA‐triggered E‐cadherin, β‐catenin, and vimentin expression. However, no crosstalk between Slug and PAI‐1 was observed in TSA‐treated ESCC cells. Blocking ERK1/2 activation also inhibited TSA‐induced ESCC cell migration, EMT, and upregulation of Slug and PAI‐1 levels in ESCC cells. Interestingly, inhibition of BRD4 suppressed TSA‐induced ESCC cell migration and attenuated TSA‐induced ERK1/2 activation and upregulation of Slug and PAI‐1 levels.ConclusionsOur data indicate the existence of at least two separable ERK1/2‐dependent signaling pathways in TSA‐mediated ESCC cell migration: an ERK1/2–Slug branch and an ERK1/2‐PAI‐1 branch. Both branches of TSA‐induced ESCC cell migration appear to favor the EMT process, while BRD4 is responsible for two separable ERK1/2‐dependent signaling pathways in TSA‐mediated ESCC cell migration.
A partial articular‐sided supraspinatus tear caused by the biceps tendon: A novel etiology of internal impingement
Authors: Rosinski Alexander , Chen James L. , McGahan Patrick J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImpingement of the LHB can directly lead to articular‐sided supraspinatus tears. When pain persists despite arthroscopic debridement, we recommend taking the arm out of traction intraoperatively and placing it in the 90‐90 position.
Multilevel “fish‐vertebra” sign in a patient with idiopathic osteoporosis
Authors: Vasiliadis Angelo V. , Valanos Ioannis , Valanos Nikolaos , Mpeletsiotis Anastasios 
Published: June 2021

Abstract“Fish‐vertebra” is an uncommon deformity of vertebral body shape, consisting of central depression of the superior and inferior surfaces of vertebral bodies. It is characteristic in idiopathic osteoporosis and can help in the differential diagnosis of other conditions, such as osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism, sickle cell disease, Paget disease, and multiple myeloma.
Gardner syndrome with odontogenic sinusitis: A case report
Authors: Saito Kosuke , Sekine Motoki , Goto Fumiyuki , Yamamoto Hikaru , Kaneda Shoji , Sakai Akihiro , Iijima Hiroaki , Yamauchi Mayu , Yamazaki Aritomo , Okami Kenji 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGardner syndrome with odontogenic sinusitis is rare but should be suspected in patients with multiple osteomas of the skull and facial bones, excess teeth, impacted teeth, and odontomas. Early diagnosis and treatment of GS may improve prognosis.
Beyond the skin involvement in Darier disease: A complicated neuropsychiatric phenotype
Authors: Li Pomi Federica , Motolese Alfonso , Bertino Lucrezia , Macca Laura , Arminio Natalia C. , Cardia Roberta , Vaccaro Mario , Borgia Francesco 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPsichiatric illness such as depression, schizophrenia and cognitive deficiency are frequently associated with the Darier Disease. Physicians should be aware of such association to allow prompt diagnosis and early interventions of potentially life‐threatening psychiatric disorders.
Controllable Fabrication of Core‐Shell Co9S8/Co Embedded on Multi‐Channel Carbon Nanofibers as Efficient Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Rechargeable Zn‐air Batteries
Authors: Tang Zeming , Nie Zhongxiang , Yuan Meichen , Lai Qingxue , Liang Yanyu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDesigning bifunctional electrocatalytic sites with outstanding activity and durability in one component toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is quite essential for rechargeable Zn‐air batteries. Herein, a novel core‐shell composition of Co9S8/Co embedded multi‐channel carbon nanofiber was successfully developed as efficient electrocatalysts for ORR and OER by step pyrolysis. The precursor of polystyrene was degraded while polyacrylonitrile was cross‐linked to hexatomic ring during the pro‐oxidation process, therefore, endowing the longitudinal and parallel channels along the fibers’ skeleton in the subsequent carbothermal reduction steps, which affords the superhighway for competent mass transmission and outstanding electrochemical specific area. On the other hand, the potent synergistic effect from precision‐designed core–shell species of Co9S8/Co allows the composite multi‐channel carbon fiber excellent ORR/OER bifunctional catalytic activities, with a gap of 0.89 V between the half‐wave potential toward ORR and potential of OER at a current density of 10 mA/cm2. Additionally, the rechargeable Zn‐air batteries were capable of operating steadily over 500 discharging/charging cycles at a constant current density of 5 mA/cm2.
Chiral Resolution of Spin‐Crossover Active Iron(II) [2x2] Grid Complexes
Authors: Suryadevara Nithin , Pausch Ansgar , Moreno‐Pineda Eufemio , Mizuno Asato , Bürck Jochen , Baksi Ananya , Hochdörffer Tim , Šalitroš Ivan , Ulrich Anne S. , Kappes Manfred M. , Schünemann Volker , Klopper Wim , Ruben Mario 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChiral magnetic materials are proposed for applications in second‐order non‐linear optics, magneto‐chiral dichroism, among others. Recently, we have reported a set of tetra‐nuclear Fe(II) grid complex conformers with general formula C/S‐[Fe4L4]8+(L: 2,6‐bis(6‐(pyrazol‐1‐yl)pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1,5‐dihydrobenzo[1,2‐d : 4,5‐d′]diimidazole). In the grid complexes, isomerism emerges from tautomerism and conformational isomerism of the ligand L, and the S‐type grid complex is chiral, which originates from different non‐centrosymmetric spatial organization of thetranstype ligand around the Fe(II) center. However, the selective preparation of an enantiomerically pure grid complex in a controlled manner is difficult due to spontaneous self‐assembly. To achieve the pre‐synthesis programmable resolution of Fe(II) grid complexes, we designed and synthesized two novel intrinsically chiral ligands by appending chiral moieties to the parent ligand. The complexation of these chiral ligands with Fe(II) salt resulted in the formation of enantiomerically pure Fe(II) grid complexes, as unambiguously elucidated by CD and XRD studies. The enantiomeric complexes exhibited similar gradual and half‐complete thermal and photo‐induced SCO characteristics. The good agreement between the experimentally obtained and calculated CD spectra further supports the enantiomeric purity of the complexes and even the magnetic studies. The chiral resolution of Fe(II)‐ [2×2] grid complexes reported in this study, for the first time, might enable the fabrication of magneto‐chiral molecular devices.
Engineered Cyclotides with Potent Broad in Vitro and in Vivo Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Ganesan Rajasekaran , Dughbaj Mansour A. , Ramirez Lisa , Beringer Steven , Aboye Teshome L. , Shekhtman Alexander , Beringer Paul M. , Camarero Julio A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe search for novel antimicrobial agents to combat microbial pathogens is intensifying in response to the rapid development of drug resistance to current antibiotic therapeutics. Respiratory failure and septicemia are the leading causes of mortality among hospitalized patients. Here, the development of a novel engineered cyclotide with effective broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity against several ESKAPE bacterial strains and clinical isolates is reported. The most active antibacterial cyclotide was extremely stable in serum, showed little hemolytic activity, and provided protection in vivo in a murine model of P. aeruginosa peritonitis. These results highlight the potential of the cyclotide scaffold for the development of novel antimicrobial therapeutic leads for the treatment of bacteremia.
Magnesium Deintercalation From the Spinel‐Type MgMn2‐yFeyO4 (0.4≤y≤2.0) by Acid‐Treatment and Electrochemistry
Authors: Medina Alejandro , Rodríguez Ana I. , Pérez‐Vicente Carlos , Alcántara Ricardo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRechargeable magnesium batteries attract lots of attention because of their high safety and low cost compared to lithium batteries, and it is needed to develop more efficient electrode materials. Although MgMn2O4 is a promising material for the positive electrode in Mg rechargeable batteries, it usually exhibits poor cyclability. To improve the electrochemical behavior, we have prepared nanoparticles of MgMn2‐yFeyO4. The XRD results have confirmed that when Mn3+ (Jahn‐Teller ion) ions are replaced by Fe3+ (non‐Jahn‐Teller ion), the resulting MgMn2‐yFeyO4 is a cubic phase. The structure and theoretical voltage are theoretically calculated by using the DFT method. The obtained samples have been chemically treated in acid solution for partial demagnesiation, and it is observed that the presence of iron inhibits the deinsertion of Mg through disproportionation and favors the exchange reaction. The electrochemical behavior in non‐aqueous magnesium cells has been explored.
Visible‐Light‐Driven Redox Neutral Direct C−H Amination of Glycine Derivatives and Peptides with N‐Acyloxyphthalimides
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyun , Li Bai , Xu Jingyao , Tang Qinglin , Cai Zhengjun , Jiang Xianxing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA room temperature, visible‐light‐promoted and redox neutral direct C−H amination of glycine and peptides has been firstly accomplished by using N‐acyloxyphthalimide or ‐succinimide as nitrogen‐radical precursor. The present strategy provides ways to introduce functionalities such as N‐acyloxyphthalimide or ‐succinimide specifically to terminal glycine segment of peptides. Herein, mild conditions and high functional‐group tolerance allow the preparation of non‐natural α‐amino acids and modification of corresponding peptides in this way.
A randomized trial of exercise and diet on health‐related quality of life in survivors of breast cancer with overweight or obesity
Authors: Brown Justin C. , Sarwer David B. , Troxel Andrea B. , Sturgeon Kathleen , DeMichele Angela M. , Denlinger Crystal S. , Schmitz Kathryn H. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundObesity is a chronic, relapsing, and progressive disease; it is associated with poor health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in survivors of breast cancer.MethodsIn this 2 × 2 factorial trial, 351 survivors of breast cancer with overweight or obesity were randomized to 1 of 4 treatment groups for 52 weeks: control, exercise alone, diet alone, or exercise plus diet. HRQOL end points were measured at baseline and at week 52 using the 36‐Item Medical Outcomes Survey‐Short Form (SF‐36). Repeated measures analysis of covariance quantified the estimated treatment difference (ETD).ResultsAt baseline, participants had a mean (SD) age of 59.4 years (8.7), body mass index of 34.0 kg/m2 (5.9), and 71 participants (20.2%) self‐reported fair or poor general health. After 52 weeks, compared with control, the exercise plus diet improved the physical health summary score (ETD: 5.39; 95% CI, 0.55‐10.22); exercise alone (ETD: –1.91; 95% CI, –6.60 to 2.79) and diet alone (ETD: 3.16; 95% CI, –1.52 to 7.83) did not change the physical health summary score. Compared with control, exercise alone (ETD: –0.27; 95% CI, –6.60 to 2.79), diet alone (ETD: 3.25; 95% CI, –1.41 to 7.91), and the exercise plus diet (ETD: 1.75; 95% CI, –2.90 to 6.39) did not change the mental health summary score. Exercise alone did not impact any HRQOL subscale; diet alone improved the vitality subscale; exercise plus diet improved the physical functioning, role—physical and vitality subscales.ConclusionIn survivors of breast cancer with overweight or obesity, exercise plus diet improved select HRQOL end points at week 52.
An Easy, Cost‐Effective, and Scalable Method to Deplete Human Ribosomal RNA for RNA‐seq
Authors: Baldwin Amber , Morris Adam R. , Mukherjee Neelanjan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) is a powerful and increasingly prevalent method to characterize and quantify the transcriptome. Ribosomes are extremely abundant, however, and approximately 80% of total RNA is ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Therefore, to detect and quantify less abundant yet biologically important transcripts such as messenger RNA (mRNA) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), it is essential to minimize the rRNA being sequenced. Although commercial methods exist to deplete rRNA from total RNA samples before sequencing, they are expensive and require specific amounts of input RNA, and the most commonly used kit is no longer available as a stand‐alone product. Here, we present an optimized rRNA depletion protocol using RNase H and DNA oligonucleotides complementary to human rRNA transcripts. This protocol includes guidelines for DNA oligo preparation, RNA:DNA hybridization, RNase H cleavage and RNA cleanup, and benchmarking of rRNA depletion. The method is flexible because the user can include additional complementary DNA oligos directed against any abundant transcript in their particular system. Furthermore, the performance of this rRNA depletion approach is comparable to or better than that of commercial kits, at a fraction of the cost and across a wide range of input RNA amounts. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Specific depletion of rRNA transcripts from human total RNASupport Protocol: Preparation of the rRNA depletion DNA oligonucleotide pool
Foliar nitrogen as stimulant fertilization alters carbon metabolism, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and enhances grain yield in a soybean–maize rotation
Authors: Rodrigues Vitor Alves , Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Bossolani João William , Portugal José Roberto , Moretti Luiz Gustavo , Bernart Leila , Vilela Rafael Gonçalves , Galeriani Tatiani , Lollato Romulo Pisa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStimulant fertilization isthe supplementary application of low doses of foliar fertilizers to otherwise well‐fertilized crops, and literature suggests that it may increase grain yield. However, the physiological mechanisms behind this potential yield increase are not well understood. This study investigated the effect of supplementary foliar nitrogen (N) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and maize (Zea mays) nutrition, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant metabolism, agronomic parameters, and grain yield. We tested the presence or absence of low rates of late season (R3 and V10 of soybean and maize, respectively) foliar N fertilization in a main season soybean followed by an off‐season maize. While there were no effects of N application on leaf nutrient concentration, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, and carboxylation efficiency increased due to foliar N fertilization in both crops. The improvement in photosynthesis occurred due to a concomitant increase in Rubisco activity and in the concentration of sugar in the leaves prior to grain filling. Foliar N fertilization also improved antioxidant metabolism, suggesting that fertilized plants were less affected by environmental stresses during their cycle. The improvement in the metabolic activity due to foliar N did not affect grains per plant but increased a hundred grain mass and grain yield of both soybean and maize. Our results suggest that foliar N applied as stimulant fertilizer is a promising strategy to increase yield of maize and soybean crops.
Kinetics of Cu2+ Reduction and Nanoparticle Nucleation at Micro‐scale 1,2‐Dichlorobenzene‐water Interface Studied by Cyclic Voltammetry and Square‐wave Voltammetry
Authors: Nieminen Eemi , Murtomäki Lasse 
Published: June 2021

AbstractReduction and nanoparticle nucleation of Cu2+ by decamethylferrocene was studied with cyclic and square‐wave voltammetry at a microscale liquid–liquid interface established at the tip of a micropipette. With square‐wave voltammetry, two reduction steps could be distinguished as two separate current waves. Comparing the experimental results of cyclic voltammetry with finite element method simulations, particle growth could be observed as an increasing limiting current. Furthermore, kinetic parameters could be estimated with square‐wave voltammetry simulations following Butler‐Volmer kinetics.
A No‐washing Point‐of‐Care Electrochemical Biosensor Based on CuS Nanoparticles for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Neuron‐specific Enolase
Authors: Li Bing , Zhang Yong , Ren Xiang , Li Yuyang , Wang Huan , Ma Hongmin , Wu Dan , Wei Qin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractElectrochemical biosensors have made outstanding achievements in recent years. However, the single pursuit of sensitivity and accuracy sometimes cannot meet the detection requirements and achieve high‐efficiency measurements. Therefore, no‐washing biosensors have more practical advantages. In this work, a disposable point‐of‐care (POC) electrochemical biosensor was designed for the sensitive and fast detection of neuron‐specific enolase (NSE). Fe3O4 and CuS nanoparticles were used as the substrate material for capturing Ab1 and the signal probe for labeling Ab2 respectively. The disposable syringe filter was introduced into the determination procedure for simple sample separation, which easily realized no‐washing detection. Due to the syringe filters with 200 nm pore diameter could only allow the small nanoparticles of CuS−Ab2 pass through, the large‐sized immunocomplex of Fe3O4−Ab1/NSE/CuS−Ab2 were blocked on the membrane. The uncombined CuS−Ab2 particles were pushed out from the syringe and would occur electron transfer between Cu2+ and Cu+ to generate a current signal detected by the Au electrode. Under optimal conditions, the no‐washing biosensor shows a wide linear concentration range (100 fg mL−1∼50 ng mL−1) with the limit of detection of 33 fg mL−1 (S/N=3). Additionally, the biosensor exhibited excellent selectivity, storage stability and reproducibility. The outstanding advantages of the no‐washing biosensor make it more suitable for POC testing.
Quercetin mediated attenuation of cadmium‐induced oxidative toxicity and apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in caprine testes in vitro
Authors: Bhardwaj Jitender Kumar , Panchal Harish 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCadmium (Cd), an environmental toxic heavy metal, has been reported to cause testicular toxicity, which contributes to the recent decline in male fertility worldwide. Quercetin (Qcn), a major dietary antioxidant, has been shown to have protective effects under various pathological conditions. However, whether Qcn provides protection against Cd‐stimulated testicular toxicity remains obscured. The present study was therefore aimed at investigating the ameliorative effect of Qcn supplementation on Cd‐induced toxicity in the goat testis in vitro in a dose‐(10, 50, and 100 μM) and time‐dependent (4 and 8 h) manner. Different cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and biochemical analyses have been carried out using appropriate methods. Cytotoxicity in testicular cells induced by Cd treatment was apparently mitigated by Qcn treatment, evidenced by decreased apoptotic attributes or frequency in Qcn plus Cd‐treated groups compared to the only Cd‐treated groups. Qcn treatment provides substantial protection to the Cd‐triggered aggression in oxidative (increased MDA levels) and total antioxidant capacity (reduced FRAP activity) in testicular tissue, indicating the anti‐oxidative function of Qcn against Cd exposure. Moreover, Cd‐induced decline in antioxidant status (CAT, SOD, and GST activity) was markedly restored by Qcn supplementation in testicular tissue. In conclusion, this study shows that Qcn treatment significantly attenuated the Cd‐evoked testicular damage, suggesting its beneficial potential in preventing or at least in managing the gonadotoxicity in males induced by steadily increasing Cd contamination in the environment.