bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meals beyond the bedside: An ethnographic exploration of staffs' perspectives and experiences of communal dining in subacute care
Authors: Jong Jessica , Porter Judi , Palermo Claire , Ottrey Ella 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCommunal dining offers multiple benefits for hospital patients, yet dining rooms may be underutilized in practice. This study aimed to understand and explore staffs' perspectives and experiences of communal dining in subacute care, and the impacts on staff mealtime practice. Using qualitative, ethnographic methodology, 94 hours of fieldwork were conducted across two subacute care wards. Participants were staff involved in nutrition care or present on the ward at mealtimes. Ninety‐one semistructured and ethnographic interviews were conducted with 59 staff, and 54 episodes of observation captured more than 190 staff. Interviews and field notes were thematically analyzed using an inductive approach. Three themes were identified: (i) benefits to patients; (ii) logistical and practical challenges; and (iii) supportive cultural factors. While staff recognized how communal dining benefited patients, logistical and practical challenges impacted their ability to facilitate it in practice. Healthcare organizations seeking to embed communal dining into the mealtime routine should recognize that clear delineation of staff roles and responsibilities, and cultural change involving normalization, setting expectations, and collective advocacy may be needed to optimize benefits for patients.
Efficient deletion of multiple circle RNA loci by CRISPR‐Cas9 reveals Os06circ02797 as a putative sponge for OsMIR408 in rice
Authors: Zhou Jianping , Yuan Mingzhu , Zhao Yuxin , Quan Quan , Yu Dong , Yang Han , Tang Xu , Xin Xuhui , Cai Guangze , Qian Qian , Qi Yiping , Zhang Yong 
Published: January 2021

SummaryCRISPR‐Cas9 is an emerging genome editing tool for reverse genetics in plants. However, its application for functional study of non‐coding RNAs in plants is still at its infancy. Despite being a major class of non‐coding RNAs, the biological roles of circle RNAs (circRNAs) remain largely unknown in plants. Previous plant circRNA studies have focused on identification and annotation of putative circRNAs, with their functions largely uninvestigated by genetic approaches. Here, we applied a multiplexed CRISPR‐Cas9 strategy to efficiently acquire individual null mutants for four circRNAs in rice. We showed each of these rice circRNA loci (Os02circ25329, Os06circ02797, Os03circ00204 and Os05circ02465) can be deleted at 10% or higher efficiency in both protoplasts and stable transgenic T0 lines. Such high efficiency deletion enabled the generation of circRNA null allele plants without the CRISPR‐Cas9 transgene in the T1 generation. Characterization of the mutants reveals these circRNAs’ participation in salt stress response during seed germination and in particular the Os05circ02465 null mutant showed high salt tolerance. Notably, the seedlings of the Os06circ02797 mutant showed rapid growth phenotype after seed germination with the seedlings containing higher chlorophyll A/B content. Further molecular and computational analyses suggested a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network where Os06circ02797 functions to bind and sequester OsMIR408, an important and conserved microRNA in plants. This study not only presents genetic evidence for the first time in plants that certain circRNAs may serve as sponges to negatively regulate miRNAs, a phenomenon previously demonstrated in mammalian cells, but also provides important insights for improving agronomic traits through gene editing of circRNA loci in crops.
New‐onset head and neck dermatitis in adolescent patients after dupilumab therapy for atopic dermatitis
Authors: Bax Christina E. , Khurana Michele C. , Treat James R. , Castelo‐Soccio Leslie , Rubin Adam I. , McMahon Patrick J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesHead and neck dermatitis after dupilumab therapy for atopic dermatitis has been frequently reported in adults and only rarely in adolescents. No cases detailing disease course and treatment response have previously been described in adolescents.Methods/ResultsThis case series presents five adolescent patients who developed new‐onset or worsening head and neck dermatitis after dupilumab therapy for atopic dermatitis. All five patients improved after oral antifungal therapy.ConclusionsThe clinical features, treatment response, and potential disease pathogenesis in pediatric patients are described. Adolescents with new‐onset head and neck dermatitis after dupilumab therapy may clinically improve with antifungal therapy, suggesting that Malassezia species may be a contributing factor or antifungal therapy may be an effective antiinflammatory agent.
Quit and win contests in community‐dwelling mental and behavioral health populations: A systematic review and pilot feasibility findings
Authors: Okoli Chizimuzo T.C. , Abufarsakh Bassema , Otachi Janet K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundPeople with mental illnesses (MI) benefit from incentives to promote tobacco cessation. “Quit and Win” contests are community‐based approaches that incentivize cessation. However, little is known about “Quit and Win” contest effectiveness among people with MI.AimTo examine the utility of “Quit and Win” contests among people with MI.MethodThis study had two phases: (a) a systematic literature review to explore the potential effectiveness of “Quit and Win” contests for people with MI and (b) a pilot feasibility study of implementing a “Quit and Win” contest among people with MI from a community mental health program (CMHP).ResultsIn phase 1, no reviewed study specifically included people with MI in their sample. Of the four cohort and five randomized controlled studies in the review, the mean reported participant quit rates at the end of “Quit and Win” contests were 76.8% and 28.3%, respectively. In phase 2, within a CMHP, four out of seven participants completed a “Quit and Win” contest, and one individual achieved cessation.ConclusionPeople with MI may benefit from incentive‐based tobacco cessation programs. Implementing a “Quit and Win” contests within a CMHP is important and requires more studies to determine feasibility and effectiveness.
Combined and single effects of elevated CO2 and temperatures on rice bakanae disease under controlled conditions in phytotrons
Authors: Matić Slavica , Garibaldi Angelo , Gullino Maria Lodovica 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBakanae disease, caused by Fusarium fujikuroi, was investigated under different CO2 and temperature environments in order to simulate climate changes in the F. fujikuroi–rice pathosystem. F. fujikuroi‐infected plants were grown under six phytotron conditions: low (18/22 °C night/day), medium (22/26 °C), and high (26/30 °C) temperature, at either ambient (450 ppm) or elevated (850 ppm) CO2 concentrations. Bakanae disease index (DI), seedling death incidence, fungal DNA quantity, and chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents varied significantly in infected plants as a consequence of changes in both CO2 and temperature. Plant height and dry weight were only influenced by single factors (temperature for height, and temperature or CO2 for dry weight), and not by the CO2 × temperature interaction. Medium and high temperatures (irrespective of the CO2 level) increased the DI significantly (range from 67.5% to 95.8%) compared to low temperatures (range from 45.8% to 47.5%). Under elevated CO2 levels, noticeable differences in the expression of four rice defence‐related genes and fungal DNA quantity were observed between those plants grown at higher temperatures and those at lower temperatures. Overall, combined and single effects of elevated CO2 and high temperatures seem to be favourable for bakanae disease development in the Mediterranean basin.
A reduced P300 prospectively predicts increased depressive severity in adults with clinical depression
Authors: Santopetro Nicholas J. , Brush C. J. , Bruchnak Alec , Klawohn Julia , Hajcak Greg 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNeurocognitive impairments commonly observed in depressive disorders are thought to be reflected in reduced P300 amplitudes. To date, depression‐related P300 amplitude reduction has mostly been demonstrated cross‐sectionally, while its clinical implication for the course of depression remains largely unclear. Moreover, the relationship between P300 and specific clinical characteristics of depression is uncertain. To shed light on the functional significance of the P300 in depression, we examined whether initial P300 amplitude prospectively predicted changes in depressive symptoms among a community sample of 58 adults (mean age = 38.86 years old, 81% female) with a current depressive disorder. This sample was assessed at two‐time points, separated by approximately nine months (range = 6.6–15.9). At the initial visit, participants completed clinical interviews, self‐report measures, and a flanker task, while EEG was recorded to derive P300 amplitude. At the follow‐up visit, participants again completed the same clinical interviews and self‐report measures. Results indicated that a reduced P300 amplitude at the initial visit was associated with higher total depressive symptoms at follow‐up, even after controlling for initial depressive symptoms. These data indicate the potential clinical utility for the P300 as a neural marker of disease course among adults with a current depressive disorder. Future research may target P300 in interventions to determine whether depression‐related outcomes can be improved.
Understanding the Role of Public Management and Organizational Stability in an Uncertain Environment: Evidence from Korean Public Corporations
Authors: Ryu Sangyub , Kim Taeyeon 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTheoretical discussions have emphasized the role of public management, and evidence from various contexts across the globe supports the positive link between public management and organizational outcomes. However, previous research has lacked a comprehensive approach to testing the management–performance link. Furthermore, less is known about the management–performance link in the Asian context. Using a formal model of public management, the present study examines the impacts of Moore's management strategies—managing upward, downward, and outward—on organizational performance. This study also investigates the moderating effect of procedural stability on the negative relationship between environmental uncertainty and organizational performance. Analyses of Korean public corporations partially confirmed the positive impacts of public management on the performance of Korean public corporations. Furthermore, a moderating effect of procedural stability was confirmed. Future studies are expected to comprehensively test the management–performance link.
Integrative Jurisprudence: Legal Scholarship and the Triadic Nature of Law
Authors: Klatt Matthias 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhat is the core of legal scholarship? How can we understand its relation to other disciplines, such as moral and political philosophy, sociology, and economics? I explore these questions by analysing the impact of the dual nature thesis. Criticising established theories of legal scholarship, I defend the ideal of an integrative jurisprudence. Integrative jurisprudence combines the two dimensions of law by employing analytical, empirical, and normative methods. I then discuss three objections and address the problem of how to bridge is and ought. In the course of my analysis of three different bridge theories, I ultimately further develop the dual nature thesis into a triadic nature thesis.
Women on top: Coital positions and gender hierarchies in Renaissance Italy
Authors: Den Hartog Marlisa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAccording to Christian theology, the ‘missionary’ position was the only proper way to have sex. Among clerical as well as secular authors, one of the most serious deviations from this prescription was the position with the woman on top of the man. Although medieval and early modern defences of the woman‐on‐top prohibition are often focused on reproduction or health, modern scholars habitually explain it as a reflection of concern about the inversion of gender roles and hierarchies. Against the background of the hierarchical perspective on sexual intercourse in general, this hypothesis seems almost self‐evident. Thus far, however, it has not been sufficiently supported with relevant source material. This article brings a focused case study of this topic to the historiography by analyzing the discussion of the woman‐on‐top position in Italian sources written between c. 1350‐1550. Theological, medical and literary sources are used to support the hypothesis that the woman‐on‐top prohibition was to an important extent sanctioned by beliefs about gender roles and hierarchies. There were various ways in which the ‘missionary’ position could be defended, ranging from defences of innate male prerogatives to concern about female power.
A Novel Causal Risk‐Based Decision‐Making Methodology: The Case of Coronavirus
Authors: Stavroglou Stavros K. , Ayyub Bilal M. , Kallinterakis Vasileios , Pantelous Athanasios A. , Stanley H. Eugene 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEither in the form of nature's wrath or a pandemic, catastrophes cause major destructions in societies, thus requiring policy and decisionmakers to take urgent action by evaluating a host of interdependent parameters, and possible scenarios. The primary purpose of this article is to propose a novel risk‐based, decision‐making methodology capable of unveiling causal relationships between pairs of variables. Motivated by the ongoing global emergency of the coronavirus pandemic, the article elaborates on this powerful quantitative framework drawing on data from the United States at the county level aiming at assisting policy and decision makers in taking timely action amid this emergency. This methodology offers a basis for identifying potential scenarios and consequences of the ongoing 2020 pandemic by drawing on weather variables to examine the causal impact of changing weather on the trend of daily coronavirus cases.
Older people and rural eHealth: perceptions of caring relations and their effects on engagement in digital primary health care
Authors: Lindberg Jens , Bhatt Robert , Ferm Anton 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe aim of this article is to describe older people’s perceptions of caring relations in the context of rural eHealth, as well as to explore how such relations can facilitate engagement in digital primary health care. There is an ongoing implementation of eHealth in Western health care, and rural areas and older people are specifically targeted. eHealth is said to be a solution to emergent problems and a technology that will facilitate people’s opportunities to achieve good and equal health. From this perspective, it is crucial that older people engage in eHealth services, but there are barriers for use, and care providers need to adapt to the preferences of older people.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 19 individuals aged 61‐85 were conducted. The participants were using digital services at two primary healthcare centres located in northern Sweden. Qualitative content analysis was used. An important theoretical tenet was that older people’s perceptions of and engagements in eHealth are affected by the specific rural conditions. Ethical approval for the study has been obtained.ResultsThe analysis rendered a total of three themes: in‐person interaction was central to people’s perceptions of good caring relations; patient–nurse relations were particularly emphasised; and caring relations in rural eHealth appeared to be multi‐directional and fuelled by a shared sense of rural community. Altogether, this facilitated participants’ engagement in local eHealth initiatives.ConclusionseHealth is an opportunity for primary health care and for rural communities. However, the results provide insight into matters that can affect the quality, access, and equality of rural primary health care. Participants’ engagement in eHealth was almost always facilitated by close caring relations with local Registered Nurses. Digital care needs to be approached as a combination of digital and in‐person presence. Separating digital and physical task assignments among different personnel could make older people refrain from seeking health care.
Policy Innovations and Rationale for Sustainable Energy Transition in the UAE
Authors: Aminjonov Farkhod 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveThe study explains the rationale behind the transition to a renewable energy source in one of the world's leading oil and gas producers. It also provides a comprehensive analysis of the risks that the rentier UAE may encounter in the process of shifting from a hydrocarbon dominated to a sustainable energy driven economy.MethodsIn‐depth expert interviews, secondary sources, and state official websites are used for data collection and analysis.ResultsDespite the successfully implemented several record‐breaking renewable energy projects, the rentier mentality, intermittent nature of the renewables, and geopolitical implications may prevent the UAE from emerging as a clear‐cut winner in the transition.ConclusionIt is instrumental for the UAE to introduce policy innovations that would encourage stakeholders’ participation beyond the state and turn the system resistant to potential technical and geopolitical disruptions.
An Overview of Innovation in the Arab Gulf States: From Origins and Five‐Year Plans to New Cities and Indices
Authors: Redman James C. A. 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveThis study first contextualizes and then examines the innovation initiatives currently being undertaken by the states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).MethodsThe data presented are a qualitative analysis based on government planning documents from GCC members, which is followed by an assessment of innovation in the GCC using a composite index (Global Innovation Index) and an individual indicator.ResultsThe pathways toward innovation in the GCC are traced at local policy‐making levels, but giving meaning to the quantification of these efforts and their results is confounded by the fact that innovation can be an inexact concept with imprecise measurements.ConclusionThis overview of innovation in the GCC shows how it is being conceptualized and executed as statecraft; however, innovation might be better gauged for the GCC if indigenous socioeconomic conditions—like the welfare models and disproportionate public and service sectors—can be taken into account.
Quantitative evaluation of cumulative plastic damage for ferromagnetic steel under low cycle fatigue based on magnetic memory method
Authors: Su Sanqing , Ma Xiaoping , Wang Wei , Yang Yiyi , Hu Jingyu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCumulative plastic damage caused during the low cycle fatigue (LCF) regime may seriously undermine the safety of the steel members and even lead to serious industrial accidents. Magnetic memory method (MMM), as a novel nondestructive testing technology, has been developed to evaluate the fatigue damage for the ferromagnetic material, but there is the lack of a quantitative description exists for the relationship between magnetic memory signals and cumulative plastic damage yet. In this paper, the strain‐based Jiles–Atherton hysteresis model under cyclic load during the LCF regime was established. Meanwhile, the LCF tests for S355 steel were performed, and the HSF signals on the surface of the specimen were collected under different loading cycles. Finite element (FE) simulations for coupling magnetic memory signals and cumulative plastic strain were carried out by the strain‐based Jiles–Atherton hysteresis model. Comparing with experimental results verifies the feasibility and accuracy of the FE method. The results indicate that the slope of the HSF signals fitting curve, K, as a characteristic parameter, has an exponential decrease as the cumulative plastic damage D increases. A general quantitative expression of the magneto‐damage model was built by discussing the influences of different factors on the K–D relation curves. It can be proved by verification that the magneto‐damage model provides a direct way for the quantitative evaluation of the cumulative plastic damage for the low‐carbon steel under LCF.
Hemolytic disease and reticulocytopenia of the newborn attributable to maternal immunoglobulin G anti‐M reacting optimally at cold temperatures
Authors: Andersen Lezlie H. , Jacob Eapen K. , McThenia Sheila S. , Tauscher Craig D. , Patterson Emily R. , Oliveira Jennifer L. , Rodriguez Vilmarie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundHemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) attributable to anti‐M is rare, although case reports implicate anti‐M in varying severities of HDFN, including fetal hydrops and intrauterine death.Case DescriptionWe describe the case of a newborn with HDFN associated with an atypical immunoglobulin (Ig) G anti‐M that reacted best at cold temperatures. The maternal antibody detected in pregnancy was not reactive at 37°C, and a direct antiglobulin test (DAT) on red blood cells (RBCs) from the newborn was negative, suggesting an anti‐M that should not have been clinically relevant. However, the infant developed hyperbilirubinemia (bilirubin level, 17.6 mg/dL), hemolytic anemia (hemoglobin nadir, 5.5 g/dL), and reticulocytopenia. Laboratory testing demonstrated the presence of an IgG anti‐M in maternal and neonatal samples reacting best at 4°C. This passively acquired IgG anti‐M provoked hemolytic anemia in the infant and likely suppressed erythropoiesis, resulting in reticulocytopenia with prolonged anemia. He was treated for IgG anti‐M HDFN with 10 intravenous Ig infusions and 10 days of oral prednisone followed by a taper. He required seven transfusions with M− RBCs. His hemoglobin level normalized at 3 months of age. Follow‐up at 2 years revealed no hematologic or neuro‐developmental concerns.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the second report of HDFN attributable to an IgG anti‐M reacting preferentially at cold temperature with no 37°C reactivity. Clinically relevant IgG anti‐M may elude standard testing. Early recognition and testing for cold‐reacting IgG anti‐M should be considered for newborns with hemolysis, a negative DAT, and prolonged anemia.
Resilience to flood hazards: Awareness for the water supply infrastructure
Authors: Sweya Lukuba N. , Manoga Renatus P. , Norbert Joel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTanzania has experienced recurring floods causing injuries, deaths and damage of social service infrastructures. The current study assesses the resilience of water supply physical infrastructure (WSPI) against flood. Questionnaires, interviews and physical observations were conducted to evaluate the problems affecting the WSPI. Most components were found vulnerable to flood impacts. The problems align with the lack of proper maintenance, ageing infrastructures, unplanned settlements, rapid population growth, inefficient communication plans, rapid urbanization and failure of roads infrastructure. Such measures as systematic maintenance coupled with functional critical assets replacement plans, increasing system interconnectedness, ensuring availability of alternative facilities and additional capacities for critical components and clear and functional communication plans with a Public–Private Partnership (PPP) approach will assist in enhancing the system’s capacity to survive disasters. The findings are essential in creating awareness to decision makers on prioritization and budgeting for improving the WSPI resilience to flood.