bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher cMET dependence of sacral compared to clival chordoma cells: contributing to a better understanding of cMET in chordoma
Authors: Lohberger Birgit , Scheipl Susanne , Heitzer Ellen , Quehenberger Franz , de Jong Danielle , Szuhai Karoly , Liegl-Atzwanger Bernadette , Rinner Beate 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChordomas are rare slow growing, malignant bone tumors of the axial skeleton with no approved medical treatment. As the majority of chordomas express cMET and its ligand, HGF, and crosstalks between EGFR and MET-signaling exist, we aimed to explore cMET activity in chordoma cell lines and clinical samples. We investigated nine chordoma patients and four chordoma cell lines for cMET expression. Two clival and two sacral chordoma cell lines were tested for chromosomal abnormalities of the MET gene locus; we studied the influence of HGF on the autocrine secretion and migration behavior, as well as protein expression and phosphorylation. Two MET/ALK inhibitors were investigated for their effects on cell viability, cell cycle, cyclin alterations, apoptosis, and downstream signaling pathways. Moderate and strong expression of membrane and cytoplasmic cMET in chordoma patients and cell lines used, as well as concentration-dependent increase in phospho cMET expression after HGF stimulation in all four chordoma cell lines was shown. U-CH2, MUG-Chor1, and UM-Chor1 are polysomic for MET. Chordoma cell lines secreted EGF, VEGF, IL-6, and MMP9 upon HGF-stimulation. Sacral cell lines showed a distinct HGF-induced migration. Both inhibitors dose-dependently inhibited cell growth, induce apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest, and suppress downstream pathways. Heterogeneous responses obtained in our in vitro setting indicate that cMET inhibitors alone or in combination with other drugs might particularly benefit patients with sacral chordomas.
Design of a miniaturized ultrawideband and low scattering antipodal vivaldi antenna array
Authors: Liu Jia , Xu Chengxiang , Yu Hang , Su Jianxun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a miniaturized ultra-wideband (UWB) antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) array with low-scattering characteristics integrated a hybrid diffusive-absorptive metasurface. Periodic elliptical slots at the outer edges and a dielectric lens are utilized for antenna element to improve performances including miniaturized size, wide bandwidth, and high gain. The optimized element is fabricated and measured, the results demonstrate that the − 10 dB impedance bandwidth is 4.5–50 GHz with a ratio bandwidth (fH/fL) of 11.1:1, and the maximum gain at 35 GHz is 12.7 dBi, which are in good agreement with simulation. By loading an optimized Minkowski-shaped metasurface as the ground reflector, which combines the multielement phase cancellation (MEPC) and EM absorption technology, the 4 × 4 array realizes a low radar cross section (RCS) without the radiation performance degradation. Simulated and measured results show that the proposed low-scattering array has a 10-dB RCS reduction band ranging from 5 to 50 GHz at normal incidence for both polarizations. Furthermore, the array structure shows extremely low-observable capability, which is larger than 15 dB of the RCS reduction from 7.1 to 50 GHz with a ratio bandwidth of 7.0:1. The results verify the feasibility of improving the performance of antenna and the UWB low-scattering functionality.
Jejunal mucosa proteomics unravel metabolic adaptive processes to mild chronic heat stress in dairy cows
Authors: Koch Franziska , Albrecht Dirk , Görs Solvig , Kuhla Björn 
Published: June 2021

AbstractClimate change affects the duration and intensity of heat waves during summer months and jeopardizes animal health and welfare. High ambient temperatures cause heat stress in dairy cows resulting in a reduction of milk yield, feed intake, and alterations in gut barrier function. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mucosal amino acid, glucose and lactate metabolism, as well as the proteomic response of the small intestine in heat stressed (HS) Holstein dairy cows. Cows of the HS group (n = 5) were exposed for 4 days to 28 °C (THI = 76) in a climate chamber. Percentage decrease in daily ad libitum intake of HS cows was calculated to provide isocaloric energy intake to pair-fed control cows kept at 15 °C (THI = 60) for 4 days. The metabolite, mRNA and proteomic analyses revealed that HS induced incorrect protein folding, cellular destabilization, increased proteolytic degradation and protein kinase inhibitor activity, reduced glycolysis, and activation of NF-κB signaling, uronate cycling, pentose phosphate pathway, fatty acid and amino acid catabolism, mitochondrial respiration, ATPase activity and the antioxidative defence system. Our results highlight adaptive metabolic and immune mechanisms attempting to maintain the biological function in the small intestine of heat-stressed dairy cows.
Yet Another Automated Gleason Grading System (YAAGGS) by weakly supervised deep learning
Authors: Mun Yechan , Paik Inyoung , Shin Su-Jin , Kwak Tae-Yeong , Chang Hyeyoon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Gleason score contributes significantly in predicting prostate cancer outcomes and selecting the appropriate treatment option, which is affected by well-known inter-observer variations. We present a novel deep learning-based automated Gleason grading system that does not require extensive region-level manual annotations by experts and/or complex algorithms for the automatic generation of region-level annotations. A total of 6664 and 936 prostate needle biopsy single-core slides (689 and 99 cases) from two institutions were used for system discovery and validation, respectively. Pathological diagnoses were converted into grade groups and used as the reference standard. The grade group prediction accuracy of the system was 77.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 72.3–82.7%), the Cohen’s kappa score (κ) was 0.650 (95% CI: 0.570–0.730), and the quadratic-weighted kappa score (κquad) was 0.897 (95% CI: 0.815–0.979). When trained on 621 cases from one institution and validated on 167 cases from the other institution, the system’s accuracy reached 67.4% (95% CI: 63.2–71.6%), κ 0.553 (95% CI: 0.495–0.610), and the κquad 0.880 (95% CI: 0.822–0.938). In order to evaluate the impact of the proposed method, performance comparison with several baseline methods was also performed. While limited by case volume and a few more factors, the results of this study can contribute to the potential development of an artificial intelligence system to diagnose other cancers without extensive region-level annotations.
Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies protein pathways modulating tau protein levels in neurons
Authors: Sanchez Carlos G. , Acker Christopher M. , Gray Audrey , Varadarajan Malini , Song Cheng , Cochran Nadire R. , Paula Steven , Lindeman Alicia , An Shaojian , McAllister Gregory , Alford John , Reece-Hoyes John , Russ Carsten , Craig Lucas , Capre Ketthsy , Doherty Christian , Hoffman Gregory R. , Luchansky Sarah J. , Polydoro Manuela , Dolmetsch Ricardo , Elwood Fiona 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau protein are a pathological hallmark of more than 20 distinct neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and frontotemporal dementia. While the exact mechanism of tau aggregation is unknown, the accumulation of aggregates correlates with disease progression. Here we report a genome-wide CRISPR screen to identify modulators of endogenous tau protein for the first time. Primary screens performed in SH-SY5Y cells, identified positive and negative regulators of tau protein levels. Hit validation of the top 43 candidate genes was performed using Ngn2-induced human cortical excitatory neurons. Using this approach, genes and pathways involved in modulation of endogenous tau levels were identified, including chromatin modifying enzymes, neddylation and ubiquitin pathway members, and components of the mTOR pathway. TSC1, a critical component of the mTOR pathway, was further validated in vivo, demonstrating the relevance of this screening strategy. These findings may have implications for treating neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
Correlated load forecasting in active distribution networks using Spatial‐Temporal Synchronous Graph Convolutional Networks
Authors: Yu Qun , Li Zhiyi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLoad forecasting becomes increasingly challenging as power distribution networks evolve towards active distribution networks with high‐penetration renewables. In the context of active distribution networks, the load can be principally referred to as a mixture of power consumption devices as well as renewables‐based distributed energy resources behind the meters. Accordingly, more hidden information (e.g., correlations) should be mined from historical load observations to relieve the significant challenges resulting from behind‐the‐meter renewables. Here, a novel spatial‐temporal graph representation method is proposed to characterise and present spatial and temporal correlations of historical load observations. The graph‐structured data is then fed into a model denoted as Spatial‐Temporal Synchronous Graph Convolutional Network (STSGCN) for performing load forecasting by extracting the inherent spatial‐temporal features of historical load observations. Finally, numerical experiments are performed on a real‐world load dataset. The results show that the proposed method manages to capture spatial‐temporal correlations of load observations in the forecasting process while outperforming the state of the art in terms of overall forecasting accuracy.
The Solar Activity Monitor Network – SAMNet
Authors: Erdélyi Robertus , Korsós Marianna B. , Huang Xin , Yang Yong , Pizzey Danielle , Wrathmall Steven A. , Hughes Ifan G. , Dyer Martin J. , Dhillon Vikram S. , Belucz Bernadett , Brajša Roman , Chatterjee Piyali , Cheng Xuewu , Deng Yuanyong , Domínguez Santiago Vargas , Joya Raúl , Gömöry Peter , Gyenge Norbert G. , Hanslmeier Arnold , Kucera Ales , Kuridze David , Li Faquan , Liu Zhong , Xu Long , Mathioudakis Mihalis , Matthews Sarah , McAteer James R.T. , Pevtsov Alexei A. , Pötzi Werner , Romano Paolo , Shen Jinhua , Temesváry János , Tlatov Andrey G. , Triana Charles , Utz Dominik , Veronig Astrid M. , Wang Yuming , Yan Yihua , Zaqarashvili Teimuraz , Zuccarello Francesca 
Published: June 2021

The Solar Activity Magnetic Monitor (SAMM) Network (SAMNet) is a future UK-led international network of ground-based solar telescope stations. SAMNet, at its full capacity, will continuously monitor the Sun’s intensity, magnetic, and Doppler velocity fields at multiple heights in the solar atmosphere (from photosphere to upper chromosphere). Each SAMM sentinel will be equipped with a cluster of identical telescopes each with a different magneto-optical filter (MOFs) to take observations in K I, Na D, and Ca I spectral bands. A subset of SAMM stations will have white-light coronagraphs and emission line coronal spectropolarimeters. The objectives of SAMNet are to provide observational data for space weather research and forecast. The goal is to achieve an operationally sufficient lead time of e.g., flare warning of 2–8 h and provide many sought-after continuous synoptic maps (e.g., LoS magnetic and velocity fields, intensity) of the lower solar atmosphere with a spatial resolution limited only by seeing or diffraction limit, and with a cadence of 10 min. The individual SAMM sentinels will be connected to their master HQ hub where data received from all the slave stations will be automatically processed and flare warning issued up to 26 h in advance.
Radiopraxis - Verband der Radiologietechnologinnen und -technologen Österreichs Organ der VMTB, Vereinigung der Medizinisch-Technischen Berufe in der DRG
Authors: Knabl Michaela 
Published: June 2021

Auch wenn uns alle die Pandemie voll im Griff hat, steht die Welt um uns herum nicht still.Fortbildung ist ein wesentlicher Faktor in unserem Beruf und wird auch oft von der Medizintechnik getrieben. Gerade die Berufe der Radiologietechnologie sind ständigen Herausforderungen unterworfen – egal in welchem Staat – und daher ist es den Berufsverbänden ein großen Anliegen Fortbildung zu gestalten und zu ermöglichen.
Management des Vorhofflimmerns: Prognoseverbesserung nach Pulmonalvenenisolation?
Authors: Hartmann Jens , Gunawardene Melanie , Jularic Mario , Eickholt Christian , Willems Stephan 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungVorhofflimmern ist die weltweit häufigste, anhaltende Herzrhythmusstörung. Trotz des
Fortschritts und der Innovationen im Management der betroffenen Patienten bleibt
Vorhofflimmern mit einer signifikanten Morbidität und Mortalität, bedingt durch das Auftreten
von unter anderem thrombembolischen Ereignissen, Herzinsuffizienz, kardiovaskulären
Ereignissen und plötzlichem Herztod, vergesellschaftet. Es konnte kürzlich gezeigt werden,
dass eine frühzeitige rhythmuserhaltende Therapie das Risiko für einen Tod durch
kardiovaskuläre Ursache, Schlaganfälle und Hospitalisierungen aufgrund von Herzinsuffizienz
reduzieren kann. Die Katheterablation von Vorhofflimmern ist zwar effektiver in der
Wiederherstellung und Erhaltung von Sinusrhythmus als eine medikamentöse Therapie, aber
lediglich in spezifischen Patientengruppen, die von Herzinsuffizienz und Vorhofflimmern
betroffen sind, konnte die Ablationsbehandlung mit einer Reduktion der Gesamtmortalität und von
Hospitalisierungen assoziiert werden.
Antikoagulation nach Pulmonalvenenisolation bei Patienten mit CHA2DS2-Vasc von ≤ 2: nur passager oder dauerhaft?
Authors: Kochhäuser Simon , Riesinger Lisa 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Verhinderung von thrombembolischen Ereignissen durch eine risikoadjustierte Antikoagulation ist eine der wichtigsten Säulen in der Therapie von Vorhofflimmern. Durch eine Katheterablation kann in einer zunehmenden Anzahl von Fällen eine langfristige Beschwerdefreiheit erzielt werden und die Häufigkeit und Dauer von Vorhofflimmerepisoden stark gesenkt werden oder sogar komplett unterdrückt werden. Trotzdem konnte bislang keine signifikante Senkung des Schlaganfallrisikos durch eine Katheterablation nachgewiesen werden. Daher besteht weiterhin die eindeutige Empfehlung auch nach einer erfolgreichen Katheterablation, die Antikoagulation in Abhängigkeit vom individuellen Risiko dauerhaft fortzusetzen. Aktuell laufende Studien und neue Technologien werden es in Zukunft möglicherweise erlauben, Patienten mit einem niedrigen Schlaganfallrisiko nach Ablation zu identifizieren, bei denen eine Beendigung der Antikoagulation sicher ist.
Electron-Accepting π-Conjugated Compound Containing Cyano-Substituted Naphthobisthiadiazole as Nonfullerene Acceptor in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Ie Yutaka , Jinnai Seihou , Oi Ayumi , Seo Takuji , Moriyama Taichi , Minami Ryunosuke , Higashida Suguru 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe incorporation of electron-accepting units into π-conjugated systems can allow the modulation of the physical properties and frontier orbital energy levels of the molecules. An electron-accepting π-conjugated compound (CNNTz-TR) containing cyano-substituted naphthobisthiadiazole (CNNTz) was synthesized via a nucleophilic substitution reaction as the key step. Owing to the presence of the cyano groups, CNNTz-TR affords a low-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level. Organic solar cells based on the blend films of CNNTz-TR and a low-bandgap donor exhibited moderate power conversion efficiencies. The results showed that embedding the CNNTz unit into the π-conjugated backbone is an effective approach for designing electron-accepting semiconducting materials.
The Sensorineural Hearing Loss Related to a Rare Infratentorial Developmental Venous Angioma: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Kaveh , Tavassol Hesameddin Hoseini , Mousavinejad Seyed Ali , Ansari Mohammad , Kazemi Reyhaneh , Bahrami-Motlagh Hooman , Jalili Khoshnoud Reza , Sharifi Guive , Samadian Mohammad , Rezaei Omidvar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Developmental venous anomaly (DVA) is a benign venous abnormality draining normal brain parenchyma. It is mostly asymptomatic; however, rare complications such as hemorrhage may lead to symptomatic conditions. Headache and seizure are the most common symptoms. Hearing loss is an extremely rare presentation of DVA. To our knowledge, only five cases of DVA, presenting with hearing loss, had been reported so far.
Case Presentation We report the case of a 27-year-old woman who presented with a sensorineural hearing loss followed by facial paresis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed hematoma with adjacent converging veins showing a typical “caput medusa” sign in the left middle cerebellar peduncle, in favor of DVA. Due to the compression effect of hematoma, she underwent surgery. Hearing loss and facial paresis improved significantly during the postoperative follow-up.
Conclusion Although DVA is mostly benign and asymptomatic, complications such as hemorrhage rarely occur. Hearing loss is an extremely rare presentation that can be attributable to the compression effect on the cranial nerve VII to VIII complex. In the case of compression effect or progression of symptoms, surgical intervention is necessary. A good clinical outcome could be expected postoperatively.
Tandem Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Very Young Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Naithani Rahul , Dayal Nitin , Rai Reeta 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction Multiple myeloma (MM) in very young patients is uncommon, and no treatment guidelines exist for these patients.
Patients and Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of five very young myeloma patients who underwent tandem autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
Results The median age was 37 years (range = 34–40 years). A median of two leukapheresis was performed (range = 1–4). The median number of hematopoietic stem cells collected was 5.4 × 106/kg (4.4–8.2 × 106/kg). During first transplant, four patients received melphalan of 200 mg/m2 and one patient received melphalan of 140 mg/m2 (due to renal failure) as conditioning regimen. Second transplant conditioning was melphalan of 200 mg/m2 for one patient and melphalan of 140 mg/m2 for remaining four patients. Two patients were in complete remission, and two were in very good partial remission and one patient progressed to active disease at the time of tandem autologous bone marrow transplant. All patients developed significant mucositis. Neutrophil and platelet recovery was longer in tandem autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant. More viral infections were seen in tandem transplant. Day 30 and day 100 mortality was nil.
Conclusion We present data on tandem autologous HSCTs in very young patients with MM in India. Responses continued to improve in this small series.
Distinct Behavior of Traumatic versus Nontraumatic Intracerebral Hematomas: Different Biology or Impact of Age?
Authors: Gousias Konstantinos , Pleger Burkhard , Markou Markella , Grözinger Martin , Sedaghat Sam , Pintea Bogdan , Schildhauer Thomas A. , Martinez Ramon , Hamsen Uwe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and Study Aims Patients with large intracerebral hematomas (ICH) may demonstrate different demographics and underlying brain and systemic diseases, as well as different radiologic courses and distinct outcomes. It remains unclear whether their different behavior attributes to a different biology of the ICH or to the asymmetric characteristics of the two populations. To analyze and adjust for potential sources of selection and treatment bias, our study compared age-matched patients with traumatic and nontraumatic ICH in a single cohort diagnosed and treated in the same surgical department.
Material and Methods We analyzed 135 consecutive patients with traumatic (n = 90) or spontaneous ICH (n = 45) undergoing treatment at a surgical intensive care unit of an urban university hospital. We documented their differences before and after adjustment for age in terms of demographics, the therapies applied, their radiologic (i.e., volume and rate of ICH expansion [HE]) and clinical (patients' outcome at 30 days) course, the length of hospital and ICU stay, as well as the hospital costs.
Results Patients with traumatic ICH demonstrated more favorable clinical and radiologic characteristics at admission, that is, higher Glasgow Coma Scale score (p < 0.001), less frequently dilated pupil (p = 0.028), lower Charlson Comorbidity Index (p < 0.001), smaller ICH volume (p < 0.001), noneloquent (p < 0.001) or nonintraventricular (p = 0.003) ICH locations, as well as underwent fewer neurosurgical interventions (p < 0.001) and showed a better outcome (p = 0.041), defined as Glasgow Outcome Scale 4 and 5. After adjustment for age, no different outcomes were observed. Of note, elderly patients on novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were more likely to develop an HE compared with those on vitamin K antagonists (VKAs, p = 0.05) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) but not after spontaneous ICH.
Conclusion Our data reveal a significant heterogeneity within the traumatic series. Whereas younger patients show an excellent outcome, the elderly population of the traumatic cases demonstrates a poor outcome similar to that of the nontraumatic cohort. HE under NOACs rather than under VKAs is more likely in the elderly after TBI. Larger prospective trials are warranted to elucidate the potential individual underlying molecular mechanisms for the development of an ICH and HE in these diseases.
The Epidemiology behind Pectus Excavatum: Clinical Study and Review of the Literature
Authors: Reinshagen Konrad , Kloth Katja , Klohs Stefan , Bhullar Jasmin , Boettcher Michael , Hempel Maja , Trah Julian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction Pectus excavatum (PE) is a funnel-shaped indentation of the sternum and is the most common deformity of the chest wall. It is associated with syndromic diseases but can occur as an isolated form. Familial occurrence is assumed in up to 40% of cases, but large-scale studies are lacking. Most of the data are obtained from case reports which postulate autosomal recessive, dominant with reduced penetrance, X-linked, and multifactorial patterns of inheritance. No monogenetic cause has been identified to date. This study was designed to provide basic information on the epidemiology, family history, and comorbidity for a large cohort of isolated PE and to show that there is an inheritance pattern for PE that indicates a genetic background.
Materials and Methods A retrospective study was done using a paper-based questionnaire for all PE patients attending two specialized centers for chest wall deformities. Patients with isolated PE were included and asked to provide information on family history and comorbidities.
Results Family history was available for 78 patients. A positive family history was found in 42 patients (54%) with a total of 53 affected family members.
Conclusion The described family histories indicate an underlying genetic cause for PE. Identification of the genetic factors may contribute to characterize patients who are at risk of inheriting isolated PE.