bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Two-stage Cardiac PET and Late Gadolinium Enhancement MRI Co-registration Method for Improved Assessment of Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathies Using Integrated PET/MR
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Chen Xing , Wan Qing , Wang Haiyan , Qi Na , You Zhiwen , Yuan Jianmin , Hu Lingzhi , Sun Hongwei , Wang Zhe , Hu Chenxi , Zhao Jun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PurposeRespiratory motion causes mismatches between PET images of the myocardium and the corresponding cardiac MR images in cardiac integrated PET/MR. The mismatch may affect the attenuation correction and the diagnosis of non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. In this study, we present a two-stage cardiac PET and MR Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) co-registration method, which seeks to improve diagnostic accuracy of non-ischemic cardiomyopathies via better image co-registration using an integrated whole-body PET/MR system.MethodsThe proposed PET and LGE two-stage co-registration method was evaluated through comparison with one-stage direct co-registration and no-registration. One hundred and ninety-one slices of LGE and forty lesions were studied. Two trained nuclear medicine physicians independently assessed the displacement between LGE and PET to qualitatively evaluate the co-registration quality. The changes of the mean SUV in the normal myocardium and the LGE-enhanced lesions before and after image co-registration were measured to quantitatively evaluate the accuracy and value of image co-registration.ResultsThe two-stage method had an improved image registration score (4.93±0.89) compared with the no-registration method (3.49±0.84, p value <0.001) and the single-stage method (4.23±0.81, p value <0.001). Furthermore, the two-stage method led to increased SUV value in the myocardium (3.87±2.56) compared with the no-registration method (3.14±1.92, p value <0.001) and the single-stage method (3.32±2.16, p value <0.001). The mean SUV in the LGE lesion significantly increased from 2.51±2.09 to 2.85±2.35 (p value<0.001) after the two-stage co-registration.ConclusionThe proposed two-stage registration method significantly improved the co-registration between PET and LGE in integrated PET/MR imaging. The technique may improve diagnostic accuracy of non-ischemic cardiomyopathies via better image co-registration.Registered No.DF-2020-085, 2020.04.30
Information Opportunities of Administrative Data on Residential Real Estate Transactions for Calculating the House Prices in Russia’s Housing Market
Authors: Dukhon A. B. , Obraztsova O. I. , Epshtein N. D. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the study. Development, justification and testing of a methodology for improving statistical monitoring of average prices in the Russian housing market, based on the use of registration information of the Unified State Register of Real Estate (USRN) on transactions for the purchase of residential real estate, in accordance with international statistical standards for Residential Property Price statistics.Materials and methods. The theoretical basis of the study was the United Nations system of national accounts (version of 2008), including the European system of accounts as amended in 2010. The research methodological base was made up of official statistical sources: metadata and international statistics guidelines in the field of national accounting, Handbook on Residential Property Price Indices and related housing indicators, as well as methodological provisions and an album of Rosstat forms, and methodological materials of the administrative statistics of the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography of the Russian Federation (Rosreestr). The depersonalized registration data on households’ market transactions of the Unified State Register of Property Rights and Transactions maintaining by Rosreestr were used as an information database of the research.Results. The main result of the study is the design and substantiation of a system of indicators for the construction of an integrated information source for Residential Property Price statistics, on the base on interdepartmental information interaction.Conclusion. The proposed system of indicators will provide a highquality database that could be used in order to construct constant quality House Prices for various types of homogeneous residential property in the housing market, complying with the concepts of international statistical standards.
Exploring the Lethality of Human-Adapted Coronavirus Through Alignment-Free Machine Learning Approaches Using Genomic Sequences
Authors: Yin Rui , Luo Zihan , Kwoh Chee Keong 
Published: December 2021

Background:
A newly emerging novel coronavirus appeared and rapidly spread worldwide and World Health Organization declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The roles and characteristics of coronavirus have captured much attention due to its power of causing a wide variety
of infectious diseases, from mild to severe, on humans. The detection of the lethality of human
coronavirus is key to estimate the viral toxicity and provide perspectives for treatment.

Methods:
We developed an alignment-free framework that utilizes machine learning approaches
for an ultra-fast and highly accurate prediction of the lethality of human-adapted coronavirus using
genomic sequences. We performed extensive experiments through six different feature transformation and machine learning algorithms combining digital signal processing to identify the lethality
of possible future novel coronaviruses using existing strains.

Results:
The results tested on SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 datasets show an average 96.7% prediction accuracy. We also provide preliminary analysis validating the effectiveness
of our models through other human coronaviruses. Our framework achieves high levels of prediction performance that is alignment-free and based on RNA sequences alone without genome annotations and specialized biological knowledge.

Conclusion:
The results demonstrate that, for any novel human coronavirus strains, this study can
offer a reliable real-time estimation for its viral lethality.
HPV-mediated Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review on Immunological
Basis, Molecular Biology, and Immune Evasion Mechanisms
Authors: Premkumar Kumpati , Vanajothi Ramar , Srikanth Natarajan , Vijayakumar Rajendran , Palanisamy Manikandan , Bhavaniramya Sundaresan 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most frequently transmitted
viruses, causes several malignancies, including cervical cancer.

Aim:
Owing to its unique pathogenicity, the HPV virus can persist in the host organism for a
longer duration than other viruses to complete its lifecycle. During its association with the host,
HPV causes various pathological conditions affecting the immune system by evading the host's immune
mechanisms, thereby leading to the progression of various diseases, including cancer.

Method:
To date, ~ 150 serotypes have been identified, and certain high-risk HPV types are known
to be associated with genital warts and cervical cancer. As of now, two prophylactic vaccines are in
use for the treatment of HPV infection; however, no effective antiviral drug is available for HPVassociated
disease/infections. Numerous clinical and laboratory studies have been conducted to formulate
an effective and specific vaccine against HPV infections and associated diseases.

Result:
As the immunological basis of HPV infection and associated disease progress persist indistinctly,
deeper insights into immune evasion mechanism and molecular biology of disease would
aid in developing an effective vaccine.

Conclusion:
Thus, this systematic review focuses on the immunological aspects of HPV-associated
cervical cancer by uncovering immune evasion strategies adapted by HPV.
Phycocyanin: A Natural Antioxidant to Combat Free Radicals
Authors: Zhuang Dingling , Tang Doris Ying Ying , Chew Kit Wayne , Ling Tau Chuan 
Published: December 2021

:
Various research showed that antioxidants can effectively overcome the damage caused
by free radicals to human health. Therefore, antioxidants are identified as one of the main directions
in the development of health care and cosmetics products due to high demand in the market.
This review mainly focuses on the phycocyanin, a type of natural antioxidant mainly found in
cyanobacteria. This mini review summarizes the phycocyanin sources and numerous extraction
methods of phycocyanin along with the analytical methods and determine its ability to suppress
free radicals. Phycocyanin has been proven to play an important role in scavenging free radicals
and enhancing the body’s antioxidant capacity. However, there is a lack of long-term randomized
clinical trial results that can be used as evidence in showing the benefits of phycocyanin. The existing
phycocyanin extraction methods using solvents, ultrasonic-assisted, freeze-thaw, etc. can extract
high-quality phycocyanin efficiently and quickly. Scientists are also trying to incorporate
advanced technologies, such as "Industry 4.0" to optimize and enhance the industrial production of
phycocyanin. Lastly, this review also describes the difficulties faced during the phycocyanin production
or extraction process and financial obstacles in order to achieve the popularization of phycocyanin.
Medicinal Plants for Glioblastoma Treatment
Authors: Datta Shreeja , Luthra Ritika , Bharadvaja Navneeta 
Published: December 2021

:
Glioblastoma, an aggressive brain cancer, demonstrates the least life expectancy among all brain cancers.
Because of the regulation of diverse signaling pathways in cancers, the chemotherapeutic approaches used to suppress
their multiplication and spread are restricted. Sensitivity towards chemotherapeutic agents has been developed because
of the pathological and drug-evading abilities of these diverse mechanisms. As a result, the identification and exploration
of strategies or treatments, which can overcome such refractory obstacles to improve glioblastoma response to
treatment as well as recovery, is essential. Medicinal herbs contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds, which could
trigger aggressive brain cancers, regulate their anti-cancer mechanisms and immune responses to assist in cancer elimination,
and cause cell death. Numerous tumor-causing proteins, which facilitate invasion as well as metastasis of cancer,
tolerance of chemotherapies, and angiogenesis, are also inhibited by these phytochemicals. Such herbs remain
valuable for glioblastoma prevention and its incidence by effectively being used as anti-glioma therapies. This review
thus presents the latest findings on medicinal plants using which the extracts or bioactive components are being used
against glioblastoma, their mechanism of functioning, pharmacological description, and recent clinical studies conducted
on them.
Nanotechnological Advances in the Treatment of Epilepsy
Authors: Ansari Mohammed Tahir , Ali Ola Asem Mahmoud Abdou , Shaikh Mohd. Farooq , Hasnain M Saquib , Sami Farheen , Khan Abdullah 
Published: December 2021

:
Epilepsy is known as one of the major challenges for medical science. The sudden appearance
of a seizure has been a significant health emergency as it may lead to further complications.
Although key advancements have been achieved in terms of pharmacological approaches for
epilepsy, many issues remain uncertain. Lipid carriers have been at the forefront, especially in neurodegenerative
diseases, such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s, dementia, etc. The blood-brain barrier still
appears to be a major impediment in the successful treatment of epileptic seizures. This is mainly
due to the limited bioavailability of most anti-convulsant drugs. The present review encompasses
the issues underlying the current approach for epilepsy drug treatment and highlights the newer,
novel, and more precise drug delivery system to manage seizures. The advantage of using a lipidbased
delivery system is its superior absorption in the brain cells. Ample evidence shows that reducing
the particle size also infuses the drug easily through the blood-brain barrier. The application of
liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and solid lipid nanoparticles for the
treatment and management of epilepsy has been highlighted in the present review. This review provides
an overview of the current status of the treatment and recent advances in the treatment of
epilepsy.
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase and Calcium in Relation to Periodontal Status among Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Hutomo Dimas I. , Masulili Sri Lelyati C. , Tadjoedin Fatimah M. , Kusdhany Lindawati S. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Menopause is a physiological phenomenon that occurs in aging women. Periodontal disease is associated with menopausal status. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) plays a role in general and periodontal bone turnover. Calcium is essential for the maintenance of bone and teeth, and serum ALP and calcium are specific bone markers related to the acceleration of bone mass loss in elderly women and periodontitis.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to correlate the levels of serum ALP and calcium with periodontal status in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with periodontitis.

Methods:
A total of 22 perimenopausal and 49 postmenopausal women underwent a full periodontal examination assessing the pocket depth, number of teeth lost, clinical attachment loss, plaque index, calculus index, and papillary bleeding index. Using these measurements, the subjects were divided according to periodontal severity. Serum ALP and calcium were measured using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. A correlation between serum ALP and calcium to periodontal status was investigated.

Results:
Serum ALP was significantly correlated with the severity of periodontitis, clinical attachment loss, and the number of teeth lost among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (p < 0.05). Serum calcium levels were not correlated with periodontal status.

Conclusion:
Postmenopausal women tended to have more periodontal breakdown, and the level of serum ALP was increased in severe periodontitis.
Vitamin D Regulates the Expression of Immune and Stress Response Genes in Dengue Virus-infected Macrophages by Inducing Specific MicroRNAs
Authors: Fernandez Geysson Javier , Castillo Jorge Andrés , Giraldo Diana Marcela , Urcuqui-Inchima Silvio 
Published: December 2021

Background:
The pathogenesis associated with Dengue virus (DENV) infection is marked by the impairment of host immune response. Consequently, the modulation of immune response has emerged as an important therapeutic target for the control of DENV infection. Vitamin D has been shown to regulate the immune response in DENV infection, although the molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. Post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA by miRNAs offers an opportunity to gain insight into the immunomodulation mediated by vitamin D

Objective:
Previously, it has been observed that a high dose of vitamin D (4000 IU) decreased DENV-2 infection and inflammatory response in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Here, we examine whether high or low doses of vitamin D supplements exert differential effect on miRNA expression in DENV-infected macrophages

Methods:
We analyzed miRNA expression profiles in MDMs isolated from healthy individuals who were given either 1000 or 4000 IU/day of vitamin D for 10 days. MDMs before or after vitamin D supplementation were challenged with DENV-2, and miRNAs profiles were analyzed by qPCR arrays.

Results:
DENV-2 infected MDMs supplemented with 4000 IU, showed up-regulation of miR-374a-5p, miR-363-3p, miR-101-3p, miR-9-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-200a-3p, and the family of miRNAs miR-21-5p, and miR-590-p. The miRNA profile and predicted target mRNAs suggested regulatory pathways in MDMs obtained from healthy donors who received higher doses of vitamin D. These DENV-2 infected MDMs expressed a unique set of miRNAs that target immune and cellular stress response genes.

Conclusion:
The results suggest vitamin D dose-dependent differential expression of miRNAs target key signaling pathways of the pathogenesis of dengue disease.
The Impact of Microplastic on Human Health
Authors: Almeida Amanda Souza Reis , de Souza Cleide Barbieri 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Microplastics are considered an emerging contaminant due to their wide
distribution and production in the environment, representing constant exposure to humans. However,
little is known about the effects it can trigger in the body.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to establish a concrete relationship between microplastics
and the human body, their means of production, exposure, systemic responses, and diseases caused
by their presence.

Methods:
In this context, a review article of foreign and national literature was developed through
the PubMed and Scielo Indexers, where studies were found that address the production of plastic,
the paths that lead to the production of microplastics, and the exposure and damage that it represents
to human health, being possible to exclude the literary sums with a publication date before
2017.

Results:
They showed that translocation of the residues occurs to the circulatory and lymphatic system
via the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Once in the body, microplastic can stimulate a
chronic inflammatory response that functions as a precursor to neoplasia and fibrosis, or carry toxic
compounds such as heavy metals, endogenous disruptors, biofilms, and persistent organic pollutants.
In addition, lung biopsies have shown plastic fibers in patients with respiratory diseases, highlighting
a potentially dangerous accumulation.

Conclusion:
The present moment demonstrates that experimental research to prove the effect of microplastics
is extremely necessary since the controversy among authors and the repetition of information
already affirmed that the research done so far is not sufficient.
Solution Tetrahydrobiopterin Radical vs. the Enzyme-Bound Radical: A
Paramagnetic Reconciliation
Authors: NejatyJahromy Yaser 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline from L-arginine, dioxygen (O2), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in a two-step reaction, with the enzyme-bound intermediate Nω-hydroxy-L-arginine (NHA). Previous electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies of NOS reaction have shown that (6R, 1'R, 2'S)-6-(l',2'-dihydroxypropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin (H4B) acts as a single electron donor in both steps of the reaction, resulting in the transient generation of a tetrahydropterin cation radical (H4B•+).

Results:
H4B•+can also be chemically generated in strongly acidic solutions. EPR studies of chemically generated H4B•+and similar pterin radicals date back to the 1960s. However, the reported paramagnetic parameters of H4B•+in NOS do not seem to match the corresponding reported parameters for either H4B•+or other pterin centered radicals chemically generated in solution. In particular, the rather isotropic hyperfine coupling of ca. 45 MHz for 1H6 of H4B•+in NOS is at least 15 MHz larger than that of H4B•+ or any other previously studies pterin solution radical. In the work reported here, a combination of 9.5 - 9.8 GHz contentious wave (cw-) EPR, 34GHz 1H electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), spectral simulation and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were used to investigate this seeming discrepancy.

Conclusion:
We demonstrated that the differences in the paramagnetic parameters of the chemically generated H4B radicals in solutions and those of the H4B radicals in NOS are consistent with the presence of two different conformers of the same cation radical in the two media.
Availability and Suitability of Digital Health Tools in Africa for Pandemic Control: Scoping Review and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Silenou Bernard C , Nyirenda John L Z , Zaghloul Ahmed , Lange Berit , Doerrbecker Juliane , Schenkel Karl , Krause Gérard 
Published: December 2021

Background
Gaining oversight into the rapidly growing number of mobile health tools for surveillance or outbreak management in Africa has become a challenge.

Objective
The aim of this study is to map the functional portfolio of mobile health tools used for surveillance or outbreak management of communicable diseases in Africa.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review by combining data from a systematic review of the literature and a telephone survey of experts. We applied the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines by searching for articles published between January 2010 and December 2020. In addition, we used the respondent-driven sampling method and conducted a telephone survey from October 2019 to February 2020 among representatives from national public health institutes from all African countries. We combined the findings and used a hierarchical clustering method to group the tools based on their functionalities (attributes).

Results
We identified 30 tools from 1914 publications and 45 responses from 52% (28/54) of African countries. Approximately 13% of the tools (4/30; Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System, Go.Data, CommCare, and District Health Information Software 2) covered 93% (14/15) of the identified attributes. Of the 30 tools, 17 (59%) tools managed health event data, 20 (67%) managed case-based data, and 28 (97%) offered a dashboard. Clustering identified 2 exceptional attributes for outbreak management, namely contact follow-up (offered by 8/30, 27%, of the tools) and transmission network visualization (offered by Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System and Go.Data).

Conclusions
There is a large range of tools in use; however, most of them do not offer a comprehensive set of attributes, resulting in the need for public health workers having to use multiple tools in parallel. Only 13% (4/30) of the tools cover most of the attributes, including those most relevant for response to the COVID-19 pandemic, such as laboratory interface, contact follow-up, and transmission network visualization.
Romper con la razón ilustrada: Una propuesta para generar empatía con los seres humanos de las naciones originarias
Authors: Mora Martínez Roberto 
Published: December 2021

El presente escrito busca promover la empatía con la población de las naciones originarias, a través de exponer su pensamiento filosófico y sabiduría. Un punto de suma importancia, el cual se expone en este trabajo, es que su estructura original, esto es prehispánica, se ha perdido, por lo que las referencias citadas se sustentan en la manera como han sido reelaboradas en el presente.
De tal modo que, el conocimiento transmitido, el cual se caracteriza por considerar la unidad de intelecto y sentimientos, constituye una opción a la ya perimida noción de razón universal, objetiva y desinteresada, defendida en el pensamiento europeo.
Expongo un ejemplo sobre la manera como el contexto social influye en la percepción negativa de los indígenas, abordo, entre otros datos, la experiencia del boliviano Alcides Arguedas. Finalmente se combinan las propuestas de diversos especialistas como los indígenas Miguel Hernández y Carlos Huamán con los estudios de Luis Villoro, para sustentar una propuesta alternativa a la razón moderna.