bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Submandibular Stone Removal With and Without Salivary Endoscopes
Authors: Coca Kimberly , Benaim Ezer , Reed Leighton , Mamidala Madhu , Gillespie M. Boyd 
Published: August 2021

Objectives/HypothesisFor patients with submandibular sialolithiasis, there are many gland‐preserving treatment options including sialendoscopy. Sialendoscopy, however, requires expensive instrumentation with limited availability, which may not be required for routine cases. The objective of this study is to compare the outcomes of patients with submandibular sialolithiasis undergoing sialendoscopy versus those undergoing transoral incisional sialithotomy.Study DesignLongitudinal, prospective study of patient undergoing gland‐preserving therapy for submandibular sialolithiasis.MethodsThe study was a prospective, nonrandomized trial of 30 patients with submandibular sialolithiasis who received gland‐preserving treatment by either sialendoscopy‐assisted techniques (Scope group; 14 patients) or transoral sialithotomy with or without dochoplasty (No Scope group; 16 patients). Factors analyzed between the two groups included age, race, gender, size of stone, location of stone, gland(s) involved, surgical method, and modified salivary Oral Health Impact Profile (sOHIP) scores before and after therapy.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the Scope and No Scope groups regarding age, race, or gender. There was a significant difference in stone size between the groups, with the No Scope group having larger stones on average. Both treatments led to statistically significant symptomatic improvement in sOHIP scores. There was no statistically significant difference in salivary quality of life improvement between the Scope and No Scope groups (P = .33).ConclusionsSialendoscopy is an important diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of salivary disorders, but is not associated with improved outcomes in gland‐preserving treatments for routine submandibular sialolithiasis. Transoral stone removal alone may have equivalent symptomatic outcomes in the management of select sialoliths.Level of Evidence3Laryngoscope, 132:754–760, 2022
Gold Coast diagnostic criteria: Implications for ALS diagnosis and clinical trial enrollment
Authors: Vucic Steve , Ferguson Toby A. , Cummings Catherine , Hotchkin Michael T. , Genge Angela , Glanzman Robert , Roet Kasper C. D. , Cudkowicz Merit , Kiernan Matthew C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDiagnostic criteria for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are complex, incorporating multiple levels of certainty from possible through to definite, and are thereby prone to error. Specifically, interrater variability was previously established to be poor, thereby limiting utility as diagnostic enrollment criteria for clinical trials. In addition, the different levels of diagnostic certainty do not necessarily reflect disease progression, adding confusion to the diagnostic algorithm. Realizing these inherent limitations, the World Federation of Neurology, the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, the International Alliance of ALS/MND Associations, the ALS Association (United States), and the Motor Neuron Disease Association convened a consensus meeting (Gold Coast, Australia, 2019) to consider the development of simpler criteria that better reflect clinical practice, and that could merge diagnostic categories into a single entity. The diagnostic accuracy of the novel Gold Coast criteria was subsequently interrogated through a large cross‐sectional study, which established an increased sensitivity for ALS diagnosis when compared with previous criteria. Diagnostic accuracy was maintained irrespective of disease duration, functional status, or site of disease onset. Importantly, the Gold Coast criteria differentiated atypical phenotypes, such as primary lateral sclerosis, from the more typical ALS phenotype. It is proposed that the Gold Coast criteria should be incorporated into routine practice and clinical trial settings.
Quantification of fault leakage dynamics based on leakage magnitude and dip angle
Authors: Meguerdijian Saro , Jha Birendra 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSubsurface leakage of fluids, such as CO, along faults is a key quantity to estimate when modeling underground fluid storage. Using our coupled multiphase flow‐geomechanics‐fault slip simulator, we quantify leakage dynamics using the fault dip angle and leakage magnitude, a proposed metric of gas leakage. We present novel leakage dynamics of faults to show that leakage is non‐trivially coupled to induced seismicity and multiphase flow along faults due to the effect of fault dip. The onset time of induced fault slip, controlled by the initial shear‐to‐effective normal stress ratio on the fault, is a non‐monotonic function of the fault dip. The leakage directions of gas and liquid phases are determined by the directions of slip propagation and the buoyancy vector, both of which depend on the dip. A consequence is that leakage evolution is non‐monotonic in time for hanging wall injection‐induced seismicity on a normal fault because of the competition between up‐dip oriented buoyancy and down‐dip oriented induced slip. With respect to monitoring, we note that subsidence at the location of an injection well could be indicative of leakage.
Prediction of planarization property in copper film chemical mechanical polishing via response surface methodology and convolutional neural network
Authors: Zhou Jiakai , Niu Xinhuan , Zhang Tianlin , Wang He , Yang Chenghui , Zhang Yinchan , Wang Wantang , Wang Zhi , Zhu Yebo , Hou Ziyang , Wang Ru 
Published: August 2021

AbstractChemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is one of the most important and effective technologies to achieve global planarization for precision machining of the wafer surface. The planarization property of slurry is an essential index in evaluating the quality of the copper (Cu) film CMP process. Prediction of the planarization property is of vital significance for product quality control during the CMP process. Data‐driven approaches to predict results based on response surface methodology (RSM) and neural network (NN) to pursue better prediction performance were proposed in this paper. In our design, all three optimization methods (RSM, NN, RSM + NN) are proved to be accurate and reliable, which can predict the experimental results with finer grid accuracy under the condition of only 17 test data points. In particular, the prediction accuracy of RSM + NN method is higher than that of the other two methods, and the error is only 0.16 %. Notably, the results demonstrate that such less time‐consuming optimization methods can realize the acquisition of more desirable CMP process parameters and compositions of slurries, and the versatility and simplicity of our methods can also potentially provide an alternative experiment design concept for a wider range of applications.
Effects of sandplay therapy in reducing emotional and behavioural problems in school‐age children with chronic diseases: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tan Judan , Yin Huaying , Meng Tuo , Guo Xiaoli 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeChildren with chronic diseases exhibit a higher incidence of emotional–behavioural problems. Though sandplay therapy is a universally recognized psychological treatment method, experimental evidence for this form of therapy is lacking. Our aims were to examine the effectiveness of sandplay therapy in reducing emotional and behavioural problems in school‐age children with chronic diseases as well as anxiety and depression in their caregivers.Design and methodsA total of 60 children and their caregivers were enrolled in the present study between January and October 2019. A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China. Participants were divided into an intervention and a control group. Both groups received regular treatment, and the intervention group received additional sandplay therapy. Four behavioural rating scales were used to evaluate the differences between the two groups. The children's scores on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self‐Rating Depression Scale (SDS) before and after the intervention were compared using the Mann–Whitney test. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was also employed to compare the median results before and after treatment.ResultsThe total scores for CBCL, anxiety and depression, withdrawal, and social behavioural problems for children in the intervention group were all lower than the corresponding scores for those in the control group (p < .05). The EPQ scores for emotional stability and psychosis in the intervention group were both lower than those in the control group (p < .05). The SAS and SDS scores for the caregivers of children in the intervention group were also lower than the corresponding scores for those in the control group (p < .05).ConclusionSandplay therapy can reduce anxiety, withdrawal, and social behavioural problems in school‐age children with chronic diseases, as well as relieve anxiety and depression symptoms in their caregivers. Our study provided evidence for the clinical application of sandplay therapy and highlights the importance of offering and integrating psychological treatment in clinical nursing care.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Myocarditis with Myositis/Myasthenia Gravis Overlap Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Cases
Authors: Pathak Ranjan , Katel Anjan , Massarelli Erminia , Villaflor Victoria M , Sun Virginia , Salgia Ravi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of cancers. Despite showing remarkable efficacy, these agents can be associated with life-threatening immune-related adverse events. In recent years, several cases of myocarditis with myositis and/or myasthenia gravis overlap syndrome (IM3OS) have been reported. However, given the rarity, the clinical features and outcomes of these cases remain poorly understood. We, therefore, attempted to systematically review and summarize all cases of IM3OS reported in the literature.

Materials and Methods
Studies reporting IM3OS were identified in Embase and MEDLINE. Only case reports and case series published in journals or presented at conferences were included. We conducted a systematic review according to the PRISMA Harms guidelines.

Results
A total of 60 cases were eligible. The patients’ median age was 71 years, and the majority (67%) were males; melanoma was the most common indication for ICIs (38%). The most-reported symptoms were fatigue (80%) and muscle weakness (78%). The median number of doses to the development of IM3OS was one. The average creatine kinase level was 9,645 IU/L. Cardiac arrhythmias occurred in 67% of patients, and 18% had depressed ejection fraction. Initial treatment consisted of immunosuppression with high-dose steroids and supportive therapies. Sixty percent of the patients died in hospital because of acute complications.

Conclusion
IM3OS can be associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Prospective studies are needed to understand the optimal approach to diagnose and manage these patients and to develop biomarkers to predict the occurrence and severity of this rare but serious condition.

Implications for Practice
Clinicians should suspect coexisting myositis and/or myasthenia gravis in all patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis, given their propensity to occur together. Early recognition and prompt treatment with the help of a multidisciplinary team might help improve the outcomes of this life-threatening condition.
Failure analysis of fiberglass‐vinyl ester composite cylinders subjected to fire and asymmetric transient pressure
Authors: Selahi Ehsan , Setoodeh Ali Reza , Tahani Masoud 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA hybrid numerical method is developed for failure prediction of glass fiber reinforced vinyl ester (GRV) composite cylinders subjected to fire and asymmetric transient pressure. The method is composed of layerwise theory, differential quadrature method, Fourier series expansion, and Newmark's time integration method. To achieve high‐accuracy solution, the char formation, resin decomposition, volatile convection, and temperature‐dependent material properties are considered. By comparing the developed results with the experimental and numerical results presented in the available literatures, the precision of this method is confirmed. The results reveal that although the polymeric composites are flammable, they are also strong thermal insulators compared to conventional metals, which reduces the flame spread rate from one section to another.
Validation of a claims‐based algorithm for identifying non‐infectious pneumonitis in patients diagnosed with lung cancer
Authors: Neibart Shane S. , Portal Daniella E. , Malhotra Jyoti , Jabbour Salma K. , Roy Jason A. , Strom Brian L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeNon‐infectious pneumonitis (NIP) is a common complication of treatments for lung cancer. We know of no existing validated algorithm for identifying NIP in claims databases, limiting our ability to understand the morbidity and mortality of this toxicity in real‐world data.MethodsElectronic health records (EHR), cancer registry, and administrative data from a National Cancer Institute‐designated comprehensive cancer center were queried for patients diagnosed with lung cancer between 10/01/2015–12/31/2020. Health insurance claims were searched for ICD‐10‐CM codes that indicate an inpatient or outpatient diagnosis with possible NIP. A 20‐code (Algorithm A) and 11‐code (Algorithm B) algorithm were tested with and without requiring prescription with corticosteroids. Cases with a diagnosis of possible NIP in the 6 months before their first lung cancer diagnosis were excluded. The algorithms were validated by reviewing the EHR. The positive predictive value (PPV) for each algorithm was computed with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsSeventy patients with lung cancer had a diagnosis code compatible with NIP: 36 (51.4%) inpatients and 34 (48.6%) outpatients. The PPV of Algorithm A was 77.1% (95% CI: 65.6–86.3). The PPV of Algorithm B was 86.9% (95% CI: 75.8–94.2). Requiring a documented prescription for a systemic corticosteroid improved the PPV of both Algorithm A and Algorithm B: 92.5% (95% CI: 79.6–98.4) and 100.0% (95% CI: 90.0–100.0), respectively.ConclusionsThis study validated ICD‐10‐CM and prescription‐claims‐based definitions of NIP in lung cancer patients. All algorithms have at least reasonable performance. Enriching the algorithm with corticosteroid prescription records results in excellent performance.
Crystallization, structure, morphology, and properties of linear low‐density polyethylene blends made with different comonomers
Authors: Hu Xinlu , Shi Ying , Wang Ying , Liu Li‐Zhi , Ren Yi , Wang Yuanxia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLinear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) 7042, which has a butene comonomer, is widely used but has poor tear and dart strengths. For practical applications, small amounts of other materials can be blended with 7042 to effectively improve its properties. In this study, four blend resins and films (cast and compressed films) were prepared by blending 7042 with four LLDPEs (2045G, 9030, 23F, and 9085) in 8:2 ratios. The results indicated that after blending 2045G, 23F, or 9030 with 7042, the crystallization ability of the three blends was significantly suppressed and crystal size decreased. Moreover, the molecular chain can pass though more lamellar stacks in the blends, leading to an increased tie‐chain concentration. Therefore, the tear and dart impact strength of the blend films improved. In contrast, the crystallization ability of the 7042/9085 blend was only slightly suppressed and did not significantly impact its properties. These findings contribute to our understanding of the relationship between material structures and properties, demonstrating that LLDPE blends can be used to improve the tear and dart strengths of 7042.
Applying theoretical models of positive emotion to improve pediatric asthma: A positive psychology approach
Authors: Jenkins Brooke N. , Moskowitz Judith , Halterman Jill S. , Kain Zeev N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPositive emotion, encompassing feelings such as joy and happiness, has been shown to predict a multitude of health outcomes. However, the role of positive emotion in pediatric asthma is not understood. No work to date has examined how positive emotion may offer benefits to children and adolescents with asthma. Based on theory and models of positive emotion and health, we hypothesize that positive emotion may improve asthma outcomes through mediators such as health behaviors and health‐relevant physiological functioning. Moreover, boosting positive emotion during times of stress may be particularly relevant in mitigating asthma symptoms. In the present commentary, we elaborate on the hypothesized mechanisms behind such associations grounded within positive emotion theoretical frameworks. Additionally, we summarize the methodologically rigorous work of positive emotion interventions in other clinical settings to propose that positive emotion could be a useful tool in the management of pediatric asthma.
Investigation of the enzymes required for the biosynthesis of an unusual formylated sugar in the emerging human pathogen Helicobacter canadensis
Authors: Heisdorf Colton J. , Griffiths William A. , Thoden James B. , Holden Hazel M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is now well established that the Gram‐negative bacterium, Helicobacter pylori, causes gastritis in humans. In recent years, it has become apparent that the so‐called non‐pylori Helicobacters, normally infecting pigs, cats, and dogs, may also be involved in human pathology via zoonotic transmission. Indeed, more than 30 species of non‐pylori Helicobacters have been identified thus far. One such organism is Helicobacter canadensis, an emerging pathogen whose genome sequence was published in 2009. Given our long‐standing interest in the biosynthesis of N‐formylated sugars found in the O‐antigens of some Gram‐negative bacteria, we were curious as to whether H. canadensis produces such unusual carbohydrates. Here, we demonstrate using both biochemical and structural techniques that the proteins encoded by the HCAN_0198, HCAN_0204, and HCAN_0200 genes in H. canadensis, correspond to a 3,4‐ketoisomerase, a pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate aminotransferase, and an N‐formyltransferase, respectively. For this investigation, five high‐resolution X‐ray structures were determined and the kinetic parameters for the isomerase and the N‐formyltransferase were measured. Based on these data, we suggest that the unusual sugar, 3‐formamido‐3,6‐dideoxy‐d‐glucose, will most likely be found in the O‐antigen of H. canadensis. Whether N‐formylated sugars found in the O‐antigen contribute to virulence is presently unclear, but it is intriguing that they have been observed in such pathogens as Francisella tularensis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Brucella melitensis.
Spatial arrangement of silo bags is key to mitigate damage by wildlife
Authors: Zufiaurre Emmanuel , Abba Agustín M , Bilenca David 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDSilo bag is a major harvest storage option in many countries worldwide. Wildlife interacts with this new element in the rural landscape. As a result, wildlife activity could generate breaks in silo bag lining, causing losses to the stored content. The aim of this study was to analyze the damage in silo bags by large hairy armadillos (Chaetophractus villosus) according to different spatial arrangements of silo bags, in order to propose a management strategy to reduce the damage. Our prediction was that silo bags arranged in a cluster would have less damage by large hairy armadillos than bags arranged in a row or than single (isolated) bags at a certain plot. In addition, we expected that in a cluster the exposed outside of the bags would show increased damage compared to the inside of the cluster.RESULTSWe measured 294 silo bags. Damage intensity (number of breaks/100 m silo bag perimeter) in silo bags arranged in a cluster was 72% lower than in bags arranged in a row (P = 0.03), and 77% lower than in single bags (P = 0.001). Moreover, we detected that damage intensity inside was 75% lower than outside of a cluster (P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONWe propose grouping in a cluster of parallel bags instead of installing them in a row or isolated bags at plot as a strategy that could be adopted and implemented by farmers in order to reduce the damage by large hairy armadillos, the most harmful wildlife species to silo bags in Argentina. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Application of two‐dimensional sandwich structure supported Pt single‐atom catalysts in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: A first‐principles study
Authors: Dong Shizhi , Li Yanshuai , Zhu Bingshuai , Li Ruichuan , Shang Wenlong , Chen Linghui , Zhang Jinyu , Zhao Zhilong , Guo Lin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUsing photocatalysis to produce hydrogen is a promising research area in the immediate future. This article intends to design photocatalysts of crystalline (amorphous) TiO2/two‐dimensional MoS2 sandwich structure supporting singleatoms (SAs). After the effective mass, electrostatic potential, light absorption spectrum and other related properties were calculated, the analysis shows that catalysts with amorphous sandwich structure has excellent electron‐hole separation ability, and precious metal SAs can adsord onto the amorphous sandwich structure stably. Except for the Pt@Amorphousr‐TiO2/MoS2 sandwich structure single‐atom catalysts (SACs), which is only active towards oxygen evolution, all the other interlayer catalysts are active for both photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution.
Automatic registration and precise tumour localization method for robot‐assisted puncture procedure under inconsistent breath‐holding conditions
Authors: Lei Long , Tang Huajie , Zhang Jiawei , Wu Yuqi , Zhao Baoliang , Hu Ying , Li Bing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundDuring percutaneous puncture procedure, breath holding is subjectively controlled by patients, and it is difficult to ensure consistent tumour position between the preoperative CT scanning phase and the intraoperative puncture phase. In addition, the manual registration process is time‐consuming and has low accuracy.MethodsWe have proposed an automatic registration method using optical markers and a tumour breath‐holding position estimation model based on the support vector regression algorithm. A robot system and a tumour respiratory motion simulation platform are built to perform puncture tests under different breath‐holding states.ResultsThe experimental results show that automatic registration has higher accuracy than manual registration, and with the tumour breath‐holding position estimation model, the targeting accuracy of puncture under inconsistent breath‐holding conditions is greatly improved.ConclusionsThe proposed automatic registration and tumour breath‐holding position estimation model can improve the accuracy and efficiency of puncture under inconsistent breath‐holding conditions.