bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of BMI and symptoms at celiac disease diagnosis on serology normalization after 2 years of a gluten‐free diet in children
Authors: Hornik Ezra , Imdad Sameer , Chawla Anupama , Zhang Xiaoyue , Small‐Harary Lesley 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesTo determine if after 2 years of consuming a gluten‐free diet post celiac disease diagnosis, pediatric patients who were overweight or obese at diagnosis are less likely to normalize celiac disease serologies as compared with those who were normal weight or underweight at diagnosis. Secondary aims include characterizing how initial symptoms at presentation predict body mass index (BMI) change and serology improvement over the first 2 years of being on a gluten‐free diet following diagnosis of celiac disease.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed that included all biopsy‐proven celiac disease patients followed at Stony Brook Children's Hospital's Celiac Disease Center diagnosed between the years 2007–2022. This included all patients between 2 and 18 years of age who had their BMI documented at the time of diagnosis and at least one additional BMI documented 2 years ± 12 months after starting the gluten‐free diet. Data collected included BMI and celiac serology at and 2 years ± 12 months after diagnosis as well as symptoms, sex, age, race, and ethnicity at diagnosis.ResultsThe charts of 229 pediatric patients with Celiac Disease were reviewed. Out of 229 patients, 89 had BMIs and celiac serologies available at diagnosis and at 2‐year follow‐up which were included. Based on multivariable logistic regression model, patients with overweight or obese BMI at baseline were not less likely (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29–3.27) to normalize their celiac serologies at 2‐year follow‐up visit as compared with patients who were normal weight or underweight at baseline. Patients with GI symptoms at diagnosis were more likely (OR = 3.86, 95% CI: 1.29, 11.54) to normalize their celiac serologies at 2‐year follow‐up visit as compared with patients without GI symptoms at diagnosis.ConclusionsRate of normalization of celiac serologies 2 years after initiating a gluten‐free diet showed no difference between the overweight or obese and normal weight or underweight pediatric populations. However, patients with GI symptoms at diagnosis were more likely to normalize their celiac serologies by 2‐year follow‐up visit, suggesting they may be more likely to comply with the gluten‐free diet.
Raman Microspectroscopy of Hair Cuticle With Polarized Excitation: Problem of Protein Secondary and Tertiary Structure
Authors: Travkina E. I. , Chikishev A. Yu , Brandt N. N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRaman spectra of human hair cuticle measured in two experimental configurations with linearly polarized radiation focused on the lateral surface of the hair and on its cross section are compared. The bands at ~150, 220–230, 900, 935, 1321, 1338, and 1652 cm−1 are found to be polarization‐sensitive and assigned to the skeletal vibrations of α‐helices of hair keratins. However, different Raman spectra depending on the relative direction of signal collection can be obtained under identical polarization conditions for excitation. Several markers of the secondary structure of keratins (in particular, ~150, 935, and 1338 cm−1) may also be sensitive to the changes in the tertiary structure.
Highly Efficient Acousto‐Optic Modulation Driven by Ultra‐Low Power in Integrated Photonic–Phononic Waveguides
Authors: Zhang Liang , Xue Yongzhou , Chen Zewei , Guo Yanan , Wang Junxi , Li Jinmin , Yan Jianchang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAcousto‐optic modulation (AOM) can tailor acoustic and optical domains, promising applications from signal processing to quantum transduction. Advances in integrated circuits technologies have facilitated minimization and integration of acousto‐optic devices, paving ways for their applications in large‐scale hybrid integrated photonic‐phononic systems. Recently, integrated AOM is demonstrated with promising performance on various integrated piezoelectric materials. However, their optical conversion efficiencies remain significantly below unity. Achieving high efficiency necessitates strong mode‐coupling over long interaction space, which requires strong confinement and minimizing losses for both acoustic and optical fields in integrated structures. This is challenging for most integrated material platforms. In this work, efficient AOM is demonstrated using semi‐insulating gallium nitride (GaN) on sapphire. By leveraging the sub‐wavelength confinement of both optical and acoustic fields within GaN waveguides, while minimizing optical (0.35 dB ) and acoustic (0.4 dB ) propagation losses, complete optical mode conversion of AOM driven by a 1.67‐mW radio frequency power, setting a benchmark for integrated acousto‐optical modulators, is achieved. Furthermore, the AOM non‐reciprocity is also performed with high non‐reciprocal contrast (10 dB) across a 4‐GHz optical bandwidth. The work offers a robust and efficient acousto‐optic platform, opening new opportunities for integrated quantum transduction, signal processing, and non‐magnetic optical isolation.
Facial Lymphedema Following Head and Neck Tumor Resection: Preliminary Experience of Supermicrosurgical Treatment With LVA—Report of Three Cases
Authors: Kaciulyte Juste , Giacomini Giorgio , Garutti Leonardo , Spadoni Davide , Velazquez‐Mujica Jonathan , Torto Federico Lo , Ciudad Pedro , Chang Chad , Marcasciano Marco , Chen Hung Chi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFacial lymphedema (FL) is a potential complication following head‐and‐neck tumor (HNT) therapy. Conservative management is often difficult, and there is limited literature on surgical treatments for FL. This report presents three cases of FL treated with lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA). All three patients were male with ISL stage 2 FL following treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma, aged 59, 45, and 55 years. In each case, double end‐to‐end LVAs were performed in the preauricular region (right side in cases 1 and 3, left side in case 2). Follow‐up was 12 months for cases 1 and 2 and 9 months in case 3, with no post‐operative complications. Case 1 showed a 4% reduction in two of three anthropometric parameters, case 2 demonstrated an 8% reduction in all the parameters along with quality‐of‐life improvement, and case 3 had a 6% reduction in all parameters with improvement in both pinch test and quality‐of‐life. LVA supermicrosurgery appears to be an effective treatment for FL, improving quality of life with minimal complications and no need for further surgical interventions.
Research Progress of All‐Fiber Optic Current Transformers in Novel Power Systems: A Review
Authors: Li Zhenhua , Cui Jiuxi , Chen Haoyu , Lu Heping , Zhou Feng , Rocha Paulo R. F. , Yang Chenyi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe new electric power system, dominated by renewable energy sources, demands current transformers with wide bandwidth and broad dynamic sensing capabilities. An all‐fiber optic that combines fiber optic sensing technology with the Faraday magneto‐optical effect offers an effective solution for precise dynamic current sensing. The paper first introduces the principle and basic optical path structure of the all‐fiber optic current transformer (AFOCT), followed by a discussion on the error factors affecting the measurement performance and operational reliability of AFOCT. It then summarizes and presents specific solutions developed over the past decade. Lastly, the paper concludes with a summary and future outlook on applying AFOCT in power grids. Optical current transformers are currently widely used in ultrahigh and extra‐high voltage transmission engineering. As optical current transformer technology matures, coupled with advancements in intelligence levels, the prospects in the field of current measurement are broad and promising.
Impact of particle size on R2* and fat fraction estimation for accurate assessment of hepatic iron overload and steatosis using MRI
Authors: Shrestha Utsav , Brasher Sarah , Abramson Zachary , Morin Cara E. , Tipirneni‐Sajja Aaryani 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the impact of iron particle size on and fat fraction (FF) estimations for coexisting hepatic iron overload and steatosis condition using Monte Carlo simulations and phantoms.MethodsThree iron particle sizes (0.38, 0.52, and 0.71 μm) were studied using simulations and phantoms. Virtual liver models mimicking in vivo spatial distribution of fat droplets and iron deposits were created, and MRI signals were synthesized using Monte Carlo simulations for FF 1%–30% and liver iron concentration (LIC) 1–20 mg/g. Seventy‐five fat‐iron phantoms with varying iron (0–8 μg/mL) and fat (0%–40%) concentrations and particle sizes were constructed. Three‐way analysis of variance was used to assess the effect of iron particle size on and FF estimations.ResultsIn simulations, estimated and true FF were in excellent agreement (slope: 0.93–1.09) for liver iron concentration ≤ 13 mg/g. For both simulations and phantoms, FF estimation bias increased as iron concentration increased and particle size decreased, with 0.71μm iron particle having the lowest bias (≤ 20%), and 0.52 μm and 0.38 μm iron particles producing higher bias (≥ 20%) for higher iron concentrations and lower FFs. Additionally, increased linearly with increasing iron concentration (r ≥ 0.87) and decreasing particle size. Iron particle size significantly influenced the estimated versus true FF (simulations: p = 0.04; phantoms: p = 0.03) and –iron concentration (simulations: p < 0.001; phantoms: p < 0.01) relationships. Heatmap demonstrated broader region with higher FF estimation bias as iron particle size decreased, especially at higher iron concentration.Conclusion and FF estimations are affected by iron particle size, with smaller particles leading to higher values and increased FF estimation bias.
Robust H2 and H∞ Filter Design for Polytopic Systems by Dilating Matrices
Authors: Cui Yuefeng , Wang Likui 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this article, the problem of robust and filter design for linear systems with polytopic parameters is studied. First, the dimensions of filter design matrices are dilated. For filter, the matrix is dilated from 3 to 4, and for filter, the corresponding matrix is dilated from 4 to 5, such that more slack variables can be introduced. Then, the polynomial parameter‐dependent method is applied to design the Lyapunov function and filter gains. In addition, an iteration algorithm is used to further reduce the conservativeness. Finally, the effectiveness and the superiority of the proposed conditions are shown by four examples.
Loss of Mist1 alters the characteristics of Paneth cells and impacts the function of intestinal stem cells in physiological conditions and after radiation injury
Authors: Huang Yujun , Tu Siyu , Xu Zhenni , Xu Lu , Wang Xi , Tian Hefei , He Qican , Huang Lingxiao , Lei Xudan , Wang Shubin , Qu Mingyue , Liu Dengqun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntestinal stem cells (ISCs) and Paneth cells (PCs) reside at the bottom of the crypts of Lieberkühn in the small intestine. Recent studies have shown that the transcription factor Mist1, also named BHLHA15, plays an important role in the maturation of PCs. Since there is an intimate interaction between PCs and ISCs, we speculated that the loss of Mist1 could impact these two neighboring cell types. Here, we report that mice lacking Mist1 had fewer but larger PCs with shrunken secretory granules, accompanied by an increase in goblet cells and tuft cells. Mist1 loss significantly decreased the number of proliferative crypt cells, especially columnar basal cells (CBCs). In addition, Mist1‐deficient enteroids needed supplemental Wnt3a to support their growth. Results from RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) demonstrated an apparent deficiency of innate immunity in Mist1‐knockout mice. Intriguingly, Mist1 loss increased the survival rate of mice subjected to whole abdominal irradiation (WAI). Moreover, radiation injury was ameliorated in Mist1‐knockout mice compared with their wild‐type littermates based on histological analysis and enteroid culture, which might be a consequence of increased contents of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the increased activity of mTORC1 in Paneth cells. In summary, our data uncover that Mist1 plays an important functional role in PCs and regulates the maintenance of ISCs and their response to radiation injury. © 2025 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights Into the Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Dangshen
Authors: Liu Xuxia , Ma Haitang , Liu Xiaoling , Wang Xin , Chen Zhengjun , Yang Jie , Luo Wenrong , Li Qin , Yang Fude , Li Fang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionDangshen (DS) has been used for hundreds of years as a traditional Chinese medicine. It has a wide range of biological activities. Flavonoids are one of the important bioactive components with strong free radical scavenging and antioxidant capacity in DS. However, the biosynthesis process of flavonoids in DS remains unclear.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to understand the biosynthesis molecular mechanism of flavonoids in DS.MethodsIn this study, metabolomics research and transcriptome sequencing for DS were carried out. Transcript and metabolite profiles were generated by high‐throughput RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) data analysis and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, respectively.ResultsIn total, 256 metabolites were identified in the root, stem, leaf, and flower of DS using untargeted metabolomics. Among them, 55 flavonoids, including pinobanksin, butein, fustin, pelargonidin, apigenin, luteolin, and eriodictyol, were closely related to flavonoid metabolism, and most of them were upregulated in different tissues of DS. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes identified by transcriptomics were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of flavonoid, isoflavonoid, flavone, and flavonol. A number of genes, including ANS, CCOAOMT, CHI, CHS, CYP75B1, CYP75A, CYP93B2_16, CYP98A/C3'H, DFR, F3H, FLS, and HCT, may regulate the production of flavonoids in different tissues of DS. An integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome revealed the flavonoid biosynthetic network in DS and elucidated the diversity of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in roots, stems, leaves, and flowers of DS.ConclusionOur findings provide a molecular basis and new insights into flavonoid biosynthesis in DS and lay the foundation for breeding new valuable DS cultivars.
Prenatal Exome Sequencing Identifies Dual Maternal‐Fetal Diagnosis of HbF Mission Bay, a Novel HBG2 Variant Associated With Methemoglobinemia, Hypoxia and Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Shear Matthew A. , Lianoglou Billie , Hodoglugil Ugur , Devine W. Patrick , Lal Ashutosh , Gonzalez Juan , Sparks Teresa N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrenatal exome sequencing (ES) can establish rare genetic diagnoses in a fetus but may also lead to occult genetic diagnosis in a biological parent. We present a case of dual fetal and maternal diagnosis by prenatal ES, in a fetus with unexplained anemia and in a pregnant patient with sickle cell disease (SCD) and recurrent unexplained hypoxia. ES identified a novel, likely pathogenic gamma globin variant, HbF Mission Bay HBG2 (c.86T > A, p.Leu29Gln), in both the fetus and mother. Deleterious variants in HBG2 have been associated with cyanosis, hypoxia, methemoglobinemia, and hemolytic anemia that are typically confined to infancy. In the pregnant patient who herself had a separate diagnosis of SCD, the HBG2 variant manifested with hypoxia as an infant herself, recurrent hypoxia in adulthood, and methemoglobinemia during pregnancy due to persistence of HbF. This same variant manifested in the fetus as anemia requiring multiple in utero transfusions as well as neonatal methemoglobinemia after birth.
Automated Scoring of Morphological Changes in Images of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate
Authors: Beste Ariana , Bufford Daniel C. , Bolintineanu Dan S. , Potter Kevin M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRecent advances in characterization techniques that generate large datasets of material microstructure images require robust, automated image‐processing. We applied an unsupervised anomaly detection method called feature anomaly detection system (FADS) to automatically detect and quantify microstructure changes in images of the explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) aged at various temperatures. We demonstrated the FADS approach on two‐dimensional images extracted from computed tomography scans, but the same technique can be readily applied to other imaging modalities. FADS calculates anomaly scores on the basis of differences in filter activations of nominal and test data in pretrained convolutional neural networks. The FADS scores successfully differentiated between pristine PETN and PETN aged at a temperature where material coarsening occurred. Morphological metric analysis of segmented images verified observed trends in FADS scores as a function of aging temperature and aging time, specifically by calculating volume fractions, specific boundary lengths, two‐point correlation functions, and local thicknesses. The FADS technique has two important advantages compared to traditional morphological analysis: First, it uses grayscale images as input, rather than images that are segmented to separate the appropriate phases; and second, FADS scores capture any type of changes among image sets, rather than requiring prior knowledge or selection of a relevant set of metrics.
Sourcing the Kerr Geometry
Authors: Brustein Ram , Medved A.J.M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Kerr metric is a vacuum solution of the Einstein equations outside of a rotating black hole (BH), but what interior matter is actually rotating and sourcing the Kerr geometry? Here, a rotating exotic matter is described, which can source the Kerr geometry for the entire acceptable range of its spin parameter and be shown to saturate the radial null‐energy condition at every point in the interior, while being free of any obvious pathologies. The rotating frozen star is introduced, whose compactness is controlled by a perturbative parameter and whose outer surface can be arbitrarily close to the horizon of a Kerr BH. The interior geometry modifies Kerr's such that there is neither an inner ergosphere nor an inner horizon. The geometry of each radial slice of the interior is a nearly null surface with the same geometry, but different radial size, as that of the would‐be horizon on the outermost slice. The integral of the energy density leads to a rest mass that is equal to the irreducible mass of a Kerr BH, and the integral of the angular‐momentum density confirms that the ratio of the angular momentum to the mass is equal to the Kerr spin parameter. Including the rotational energy in the standard way, the total gravitational mass and angular momentum of a Kerr BH with the same mass and spin parameters are obtained.
FTDMP: A Framework for Protein–Protein, Protein–DNA, and Protein–RNA Docking and Scoring
Authors: Olechnovič Kliment , Banciul Rita , Dapkūnas Justas , Venclovas Česlovas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFTDMP is a software framework for biomolecular docking and scoring. It can perform docking of subunits containing one or more protein, DNA, or RNA chains, followed by subsequent scoring of the resulting models. FTDMP can also be used for the ranking of user‐provided models of biomolecular complexes, generated by any structure prediction method. FTDMP evaluates models according to the consensus‐based method VoroIF‐jury, which combines individual scores derived from the Voronoi tessellation of biomolecular structures. In addition to the default scoring mode, FTDMP can easily adopt additional scores; thus, it may be used as a tool to assess newly developed scoring functions. FTDMP was evaluated during blind testing in recent CAPRI experiments and using protein–protein, protein–DNA, and protein–RNA docking benchmarks. It proved to be a useful tool for different research tasks, related to modeling biomolecular interactions. The software, cleaned docking benchmarks, and benchmarking results are available at https://bioinformatics.lt/software/ftdmp/.
Prediction of Equipment Remaining Useful Life Based on Graph Learning and Spatiotemporal Knowledge Graph
Authors: Men ChangHao , Han Yu , Huang Cheng‐Geng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAs equipment structures and functionalities become more complex, ensuring safety and reliability has become increasingly critical. Hence, accurately predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of equipment has gained significant importance. Recent advances in graph learning have contributed significantly to RUL prediction by leveraging monitoring signals to extract temporal features and build predictive models. However, a key challenge persists: structured prior knowledge that describes the spatiotemporal correlations between monitoring data and equipment structure is often lacking, and relational priors are not effectively incorporated in the modeling process. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a spatiotemporal knowledge graph (STKG) modeling method for equipment, combined with a graph‐based spatiotemporal feature learning algorithm for RUL prediction. The main contributions of this work are as follows: (1) The STKG models the hierarchical relationships among equipment, sensor signals, and state transitions across both spatial and temporal dimensions; (2) A graph attention convolution‐pooling network, incorporating relational priors, is proposed to extract spatial features from the STKG at different time points, constructing spatial graph aggregation mappings; (3) The informer network is employed to capture temporal decay patterns, generating cross‐time and sensor graph representations for RUL prediction. The proposed method is validated on a public dataset, demonstrating superior performance compared to existing models.
One‐Sided Modified EWMA Control Charts for Monitoring Time Between Events
Authors: Niaz Attiya , Khan Majid , Ijaz Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAdverse events are frequently encountered in manufacturing and service processes. Control charts are commonly used to monitor adverse events. In high‐quality processes, the adverse events count rate can be very low, with zero counts for multiple time intervals. As a result, control chart limits become narrower, which may increase the number of false alarms. Thus, in high‐quality processes, control charts for monitoring the time between events (TBE) are more effective than control charts for monitoring adverse events. This article presents one‐sided exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts, based on power transformation and model reset modification, that monitor the downward and upward shifts in the exponentially distributed TBE data. These control charts are called lower‐ and upper‐sided TBE control charts. The designs of lower‐ and upper‐sided TBE control charts are based on a two‐level optimal model that optimizes the parameters of the control charts by minimizing the expected average run length (EARL) and expected weighted run length (EWRL). In addition, comparisons based on average run length (ARL) of the TBE control charts against the existing TBE control charts reveal the superiority of the TBE control charts over the existing TBE control charts. Finally, two real‐life data applications are also provided to highlight the implementation and sensitivity of the TBE control charts, revealing the superiority of the TBE control charts over the existing TBE control charts.