bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinguishing Among Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Borderline Personality Disorder in a Community Sample of Women
Authors: Cyr Gaëlle , Godbout Natacha , Cloitre Marylene , Bélanger Claude 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe diagnosis of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) was included in the ICD‐11 in 2018. Debates are still ongoing in the scientific community regarding the conceptual distinction between CPTSD symptoms and those of comorbid PTSD and borderline personality disorder (BPD). The present study aimed to determine whether (a) patterns of symptoms reported by women in a community sample would reveal a CPTSD profile distinct from PTSD and BPD profiles and (b) the resulting profiles could be compared on measures of cumulative childhood trauma exposure, dissociation, and life satisfaction. Women who reported at least one potentially traumatic experience (N = 438) completed questionnaires assessing PTSD, CPTSD, and BPD symptoms. We performed latent profile analyses testing seven models, with the five‐profile model emerging as the most appropriate solution. The profiles were characterized as “high PTSD symptoms” (12.0%), “high CPTSD symptoms” (7.6%), “high BPD symptoms” (9.9%), “high CPTSD and BPD symptoms” (3.8%), and “low symptoms” (66.7%). Group comparisons revealed that the profiles characterized by high CPTSD symptoms, high BPD symptoms, and high CPTSD and BPD symptoms tended to include participants with higher levels of cumulative childhood trauma exposure and symptoms of dissociation and lower ratings of life satisfaction compared to the profiles characterized by high PTSD symptoms and low symptoms, ds = 0.55–1.06. These findings support the distinction between ICD‐11 CPTSD symptoms and those of PTSD and BPD, promoting an integrative approach to understanding trauma sequelae, diagnosis, and treatment.
Somatic Symptom Severity, Not Injury Severity, Predicts Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder in Wounded Service Members
Authors: Soumoff Alyssa A. , Clark Neil G. , Spinks Elizabeth A. , Kemezis Patricia A. , Raiciulescu Sorana , Driscoll Mercedes Y. , Kim Sharon Y. , Benedek David M. , Choi Kwang H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough previous studies have reported an association between patient‐reported somatic symptom severity and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or major depressive disorder (MDD) in injured military service members (SMs), conclusions from other studies regarding the association between clinician‐determined injury severity and PTSD or MDD remain unclear. The present study investigated whether somatic symptoms or injury severity predict the development of probable PTSD or MDD in wounded SMs medically evacuated from combat areas. Data including SM demographic characteristics, clinician‐determined injury severity (i.e., Injury Severity Score [ISS] and Abbreviated Injury Scale [AIS] values), and self‐report assessments of PTSD (PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version), MDD (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]–9), and somatic symptoms (PHQ‐15) were analyzed. A total of 2,217 SMs completed at least one self‐assessment between 2003 and 2014, with 425 having completed assessments at each assessment period (AP), conducted 1–75 (AP1), 76–165 (AP2), and 166–255 (AP3) days postinjury. Between AP1 and AP3, the rates of probable PTSD and MDD increased from 3.0% to 11.7% and from 2.8% to 9.2%, respectively. Somatic symptom severity at AP1 predicted probable PTSD and MDD at all three APs, odds ratios (ORs) = 3.5–11.5; however, ISS values did not predict probable PTSD or MDD at any AP, ORs = 0.6–0.9. This suggests that the initial severity of self‐reported somatic symptoms rather than clinician‐determined injury severity predicts the development of probable PTSD and MDD in wounded SMs.
Juvenile Angiofibroma: What Is on Stage?
Authors: Bignami Maurizio , Pietrobon Giacomo , Arosio Alberto D. , Fazio Enrico , Nocchi Cardim Larissa , Strocchi Sabina , Molinaro Stefano , Agosti Edoardo , Karligkiotis Apostolos , Battaglia Paolo , Castelnuovo Paolo , Giorgianni Andrea 
Published: August 2021

Objectives/HypothesisThe aim of the present study is to validate and compare four of the most widely used staging systems for juvenile angiofibroma on a homogeneous cohort of patients.Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsA retrospective review of patients treated with endoscopic or endoscopic‐assisted surgical resection between 1999 and 2020 was carried out. Each case was classified according to the following staging systems: Andrews‐Fisch (1989), Radkowski (1996), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (2010), and Janakiram (2017). Spearman's rank correlation test and areas under the curve of receiver operator curves were used to assess the correlation between outcomes of interests (blood loss, surgical time, need for transfusion, and persistence of disease) and stage of disease.ResultsSeventy‐nine patients were included, with a median follow‐up time of 25 months (range 12–127 months). Median surgical time was 217 minutes (range 52–625). Median blood loss was 500 mL (range 40–5200) and 27 patients (34.2%) required blood transfusions. Seven patients (8.9%) showed persistence of disease. All classification systems showed a similar association with blood loss, surgical time, persistence of disease, and need for transfusion.ConclusionsInvolvement of the infratemporal fossa and intracranial extension was identified as red flags for surgical planning and preoperative counseling, as associated with increased risk for transfusion and persistent/recurrent disease, respectively. No classification system was found to be better than the others in predicting the most important outcomes. Therefore, the simplest and most easily applicable system would be the preferred one to be used in clinical practice.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:1160–1165, 2022
Radiofrequency Ablation and Autonomous Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Review of the Current Literature
Authors: Muhammad Haris , Tehreem Aniqa , Russell Jonathon O. , Tufano Ralph P. 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveAutonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) have long been treated with either surgery or radioactive iodine (RAI). Being an invasive procedure, even thyroid lobectomy for this condition is associated with complications such as anesthesia side effects, scarring, iatrogenic hypothyroidism, and injury to other structures. Similarly, RAI is associated with hypothyroidism and may require multiple courses. Therefore, minimally invasive techniques such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are being advocated as an alternative treatment for AFTNs. To date, only few studies have been published on this topic and are largely on European and Asian populations. The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy and safety of RFA as a potential alternative for treatment of AFTNs compared to conventional surgery and radioiodine.Methods/Study designComprehensive PubMed and Embase searches were performed using the following terms such as (autonomously functioning thyroid nodules and radiofrequency ablation), (radiofrequency ablation and hyperthyroidism), and (radiofrequency ablation and toxic thyroid nodule). Both prospective and retrospective studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria specified in the text.ResultsInitially, 57 studies were identified and after excluding 47 studies, finally 10 studies were included in the review.ConclusionAlthough surgery remains the first line treatment for AFTN. However, RFA is a safe option compared to RAI or surgery, especially in patients who are high‐risk surgical candidates or have absolute contraindications to RAI. Currently, trials with follow‐up greater than or equal to 5 years are warranted. It will aid in formulating a standardized surveillance protocol and also generalize RFA's use for AFTN. Laryngoscope, 132:906–914, 2022
Biochar‐assisted eco‐restoration of coal mine degraded land to meet United Nation Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Ghosh Dipita , Maiti Subodh Kumar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe United Nations (UN) launched 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in 2015 to be achieved by 2030 for a sustainable future for all. These SDG provide a blueprint for a global plan of action, global peace and social‐economic and environmental justice. Coal mining activities disturb the basic ecosystem and biodiversity of the land. The mining industry, being a temporary user of land, provides ample opportunities to reclaim mine degraded areas to help achieve the 17 SDG of the UN. Our current study aims to broaden understanding, explore and establish links between biochar‐based coal mine restoration and the SDG, and, whenever possible, identify knowledge gaps and research needs. The SDG linked biochar‐based mine restoration can be broadly divided into mitigation and enhancement roles, which can be further classified into direct, moderate and indirect activities. It has been observed that climate action (SDG 13), life on land (SDG 15) and affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) were benefited by biochar‐based restoration. Biochar application improves the physico‐chemical, biological and nutritional properties of the impoverished mine spoil and promotes plant growth. Biochar application reduces the bulk density by 3%–31%, increases the porosity by 14%–64%, pH 1.4–2.5 times and aggregates stability by 3%–226% along with improvements of plant nutrient (NPK). The study showed tremendous opportunities for using biochar‐based coal mine restoration to help achieve each of the SDG.
Investigating the compounding effects of environmental factors on ecosystem services relationships for Ecological Conservation Red Line areas
Authors: Zuo Liyuan , Gao Jiangbo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractQuantitative attribution of the relationships between ecosystem services (ES) is crucial for ecosystem management and the sustainable development of the ecological environment. However, analyses of determinants and their interactions of ES trade‐offs/synergies are generally inadequate, especially in Ecological Conservation Red Line (ECRL) areas that maintain national and regional ecological security. Soil conservation (SC), water yield (WY), and carbon sequestration (CS) were simulated in the Beijing ECRL areas. The geographical weighted regression considering local parameters was used to explore the trade‐offs/synergies, and the geographical detector utilizing spatial heterogeneity was applied to quantitatively identify their driving factors. Results show that:(1) trade‐offs and synergies were present between these three ES in space, and the SC and CS show marked synergies which characterized more than 80% of each ECRL area; (2) in the ECRL areas of Beijing, the synergies of the three pairs of ES was most sensitive to terrain factors. The determinants of the spatial trade‐offs between SC and WY, SC and CS, and WY and CS are potential evapotranspiration, precipitation, and temperature, respectively; (3) compounding effects of nonlinear enhancement exists between the environmental factors. The interaction between precipitation and other factors had the greatest explanatory power on the trade‐offs/synergies between SC and WY. Precipitation and relief amplitude are the main interactive factors respectively affecting the trade‐offs and synergies between SC and CS. The trade‐offs and synergies between WY and CS were most sensitive to the interaction between climate factors and terrain factors.
Application of 1D 15N and band‐selective 2D 1H‐15N CLIP‐HSQMBC to detect 35/37Cl isotope effect on nitrogen for unequivocal structure elucidation of the N‐Cl moiety in molecules
Authors: Hwang Tsang‐Lin , Yang Ning , Cheng Guilong , Chen Ying , Cui Sheng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn impurity, designated MS204, was isolated from a scale‐up production of an intermediate toward the synthesis of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Structural elucidation of this chloro‐containing impurity was performed based on the analysis of the MS and NMR data. Band‐selective 2D 1H‐15N CLIP‐HSQMBC experiment was developed to unequivocally identify the ionic N‐Cl moiety in the molecule by discovering the two isotope‐shifted nitrogen peaks as 3 to 1 ratio separated by about 1Δ15N(37/35Cl) = 19.6 ppb (1.19 Hz) due to the Cl isotope effect. 1D 15N and 2D 1H‐15N CLIP‐HSQMBC experiments were applied to commercially available compounds to further confirm the techniques by detecting the isotope shift of nitrogen peaks for the N‐Cl moiety in molecules.
Providing easier access to community‐based healthcare for people with joint pain: Experiences of delivering ESCAPE‐pain in community venues by exercise professionals
Authors: Hurley Michael , Sheldon Helen , Connolly Margaret , Carter Andrea , Hallett Rachel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundJoint pain adversely impacts the physical, mental, socioeconomic and emotional wellbeing of many millions of people. Enabling Self‐management and Coping with Arthritic Pain using Exercise, ESCAPE‐pain, is a rehabilitation programme that reduces joint pain and its impact. The programme is usually delivered in clinical settings by physiotherapists but delivering it in community venues would improve access greatly.AimTo explore the feasibility of delivering ESCAPE‐pain in community venues, and the experiences of organisations and facilitators delivering it.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with managers of 17 community organisations and 10 facilitators.ResultsPeople were happy to attend ESCAPE‐pain delivered by exercise professionals at community venues, which they found convenient and valuable. It expanded community organisation's offer to older people, utilised their facilities off‐peak and advanced facilitator's personal and professional development. Recruitment onto the programme was easiest where there were good links with local clinical providers. Although collecting outcome data was burdensome it demonstrated the programme's effectiveness to commissioners. Some clinical commissioners contracted community organisations to deliver ESCAPE‐pain reducing their costs and freeing up clinical facilities. Organisations also financed ESCAPE‐pain by charging participants a nominal fee for the programme, post‐programme classes to support participants remain active and/or a membership fee.ConclusionsESCAPE‐pain delivered in community venues facilitated access to better care and on‐going support. Partnerships between healthcare commissioners and community providers maximised efficient use of their facilities and resources and fulfilled national policy of encouraging self‐management of long‐term conditions in the community.
Non‐length‐dependent small fiber neuropathy: Not a matter of stockings and gloves
Authors: Gemignani Franco , Bellanova Maria F. , Saccani Elena , Pavesi Giovanni 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe clinical spectrum of small fiber neuropathy (SFN) encompasses manifestations related to the involvement of thinly myelinated A‐delta and unmyelinated C fibers, including not only the classical distal phenotype, but also a non–length‐dependent (NLD) presentation that can be patchy, asymmetrical, upper limb‐predominant, or diffuse. This narrative review is focused on NLD‐SFN. The diagnosis of NLD‐SFN can be problematic, due to its varied and often atypical presentation, and diagnostic criteria developed for distal SFN are not suitable for NLD‐SFN. The topographic pattern of NLD‐SFN is likely related to ganglionopathy restricted to the small neurons of dorsal root ganglia. It is often associated with systemic diseases, but about half the time is idiopathic. In comparison with distal SFN, immune‐mediated diseases are more common than dysmetabolic conditions. Treatment is usually based on the management of neuropathic pain. Disease‐modifying therapy, including immunotherapy, may be effective in patients with identified causes. Future research on NLD‐SFN is expected to further clarify the interconnected aspects of phenotypic characterization, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology.
Social constraints and fear of recurrence among Chinese American breast cancer survivors: An exploration of psychosocial mediators
Authors: Yeung Nelson C. Y. , Lu Qian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveFear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is commonly experienced among Caucasian and Chinese American breast cancer survivors (BCS). Emerging studies have suggested that Caucasian BCS' communication with family members contributes to their FCR. However, whether such findings apply to Chinese American BCS has yet to be explored. This study examined the association between social constraints (i.e., perceived barriers from significant others inhibiting cancer‐related disclosure) and FCR among 136 Chinese American BCS, plus proposed that self‐stigma (i.e., internalized feelings of shame about having cancer), bodily pain, and ambivalence over emotional expression (AEE; conflict between the desire to express emotions and the fear of its consequences) would mediate the association.MethodsParticipants recruited through cancer associations in the USA were invited to complete a cross‐sectional survey measuring their socio‐demographic/cancer‐related variables and the above‐mentioned psychological variables.ResultsHigher levels of social constraints, AEE, self‐stigma, and bodily pain were associated with higher FCR (rs ranged from 0.27 to 0.40, ps < 0.01). After controlling for covariates, path analysis results supported the proposed mediation model with satisfactory fit indices (χ2(7) = 2.08, Comparative Fit index = 1.00, Tucker Lewis Index = 1.08, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.00). Specifically, social constraints were associated with higher FCR through increased self‐stigma (β = 0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.02, 0.17), AEE (β = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.27), and bodily pain (β = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.17), indicating significant mediation effects. After considering the mediators, the direct effect from social constraints to FCR was no longer significant.ConclusionsThe association between social constraints and higher FCR could be mediated by increased self‐stigma, AEE, and bodily pain among Chinese American BCS. Interventions targeting to address those variables may reduce FCR among those BCS.
Pulmonary function of healthy Korean children from three independent birth cohorts: Validation of the Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 equation
Authors: Park Ji Soo , Suh Dong In , Choi Yun Jung , Ahn Kangmo , Kim Kyung Won , Shin Youn Ho , Lee So‐Yeon , Cho Hyun‐Ju , Lee Eun , Jang Gwang Cheon , Kwon Ji‐Won , Sun Yong Han , Woo Sung‐Il , Youn You‐Sook , Park Kang Seo , Kook Myung‐Hee , Cho Hwa Jin , Chung Hai Lee , Kim Ja Hyung , Kim Hyung Young , Jung Jin A , Woo Hyang‐Ok , Choi Yoon Kyung , Lee Jeong Rim , Lee Young Ah , Shin Choong Ho , Kim Boong Nyun , Kim Johanna I. , Lee Kyung‐Shin , Lim Youn Hee , Hong Yun‐Chul , Hong Soo‐Jong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveGlobal Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012 equations were developed to resolve the age‐related disparity in interpreting spirometry results. Local validation of the equation is needed, especially in Northeast Asian children. This study evaluated the GLI equation in Korean children.MethodsSpirometry indices (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25%–75%) and clinical information were gathered from three population‐based birth cohorts. Predicted GLI reference values and z scores of spirometry results were calculated for 1239 healthy children. The mean, standard deviation of z scores were compared with the expected 0 and 1. Probabilities of falling below the lower limit of normal (LLN) (z score: −1.64) were compared with the expected value 5%. GLI z scores were assessed according to low (<−2), normal (≥−2 and ≤2), and high (>2) BMI z score groups.ResultsMean z scores significantly differed from 0 for FEV1/FVC in males (mean [95% confidence interval]: 0.18 [0.08, 0.27]) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in females (−0.23 [−0.31, −0.15] and −0.26 [−0.36, −0.16], respectively). The standard deviation was larger than 1 for all variables in males and FVC and FEV1/FVC in females. The probability of falling below the LLN was significantly larger than 5% for FEV1 (12.13% [9.64, 14.77]), FVC (15.86% [13.06, 18.81]), and forced expiratory flow at 25%–75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25%–75%) (7.31% [5.29, 9.49]) in males and FVC (11.91% [9.40, 14.60]) in females. FEV1 and FVC z scores increased across low to high body mass index (BMI) groups, and FEV1/FVC decreased from low to high BMI groups.ConclusionGLI equations marginally differ from real‐world values, which should be considered by pulmonologists in practice or research.
Molecular dynamics analysis of a flexible loop at the binding interface of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein receptor‐binding domain
Authors: Williams Jonathan K. , Wang Baifan , Sam Andrew , Hoop Cody L. , Case David A. , Baum Jean 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSince the identification of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus as the causative agent of the current COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort has been spent characterizing the interaction between the Spike protein receptor‐binding domain (RBD) and the human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. This has provided a detailed picture of the end point structure of the RBD‐ACE2 binding event, but what remains to be elucidated is the conformation and dynamics of the RBD prior to its interaction with ACE2. In this work, we utilize molecular dynamics simulations to probe the flexibility and conformational ensemble of the unbound state of the receptor‐binding domain from SARS‐CoV‐2 and SARS‐CoV. We have found that the unbound RBD has a localized region of dynamic flexibility in Loop 3 and that mutations identified during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Loop 3 do not affect this flexibility. We use a loop‐modeling protocol to generate and simulate novel conformations of the CoV2‐RBD Loop 3 region that sample conformational space beyond the ACE2 bound crystal structure. This has allowed for the identification of interesting substates of the unbound RBD that are lower energy than the ACE2‐bound conformation, and that block key residues along the ACE2 binding interface. These novel unbound substates may represent new targets for therapeutic design.
Effects of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)/TiO2 nanocomposite antimicrobial films on chilled pork quality
Authors: Zhang Ping , Luo Shuangling , Gao De 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, different packaging materials—commercially available polyethylene (PE) freezer bag, poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) film and PBAT nanocomposite antimicrobial films—were tested for optimum cold storage (4 ± 1°C) of pork. The pork samples wrapped with the PBAT nanocomposite films showed significantly lower aerobic plate count (APC), sensory score decline, drip loss and water activity compared to the PE‐ or PBAT‐wrapped samples after the same cold storage duration. In addition, PBAT nanocomposite films slowed the increase in pH value, and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N) content of the samples during cold storage extended the shelf life of chilled pork by 12–15 days by inhibiting surface microbial growth.
Potential energy surface and band gap landscape of molybdenum and titanium disulfides
Authors: Ryzhikov Maxim R. , Kozlova Svetlana G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe potential energy surfaces (PESs) and band gap landscapes (BGLs) of MoS2 and TiS2 monolayers were studied with a set of density functional methods. For our best knowledge, the PESs for transition metal dichalcogenides as a function of sulfur atom coordinates were studied for the first time. It is found that the energy differences between chemically meaningful points of the PESs are quite stable with respect to the density functional choice. The BGLs are characterized by “wavelike” structure with maxima that refer to 2H forms and minima that refer to 1T forms and ripples between them. It is shown that thermal vibrations may reduce the band gap in 2H form of MoS2.