bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of joint line restoration based on three-dimensional registration of the contralateral tibial tuberosity and the fibular tip
Authors: Hodel Sandro , Calek Anna-Katharina , Fürnstahl Philipp , Fucentese Sandro F. , Vlachopoulos Lazaros 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeTo assess a novel method of three-dimensional (3D) joint line (JL) restoration based on the contralateral tibia and fibula.Methods3D triangular surface models were generated from computed tomographic data of 96 paired lower legs (48 cadavers) without signs of pathology. Three segments of the tibia and fibula, excluding the tibia plateau, were defined (tibia, fibula, tibial tuberosity (TT) and fibular tip). A surface registration algorithm was used to superimpose the mirrored contralateral model onto the original model. JL approximation and absolute mean errors for each segment registration were measured and its relationship to gender, height, weight and tibia and fibula length side-to-side differences analyzed. Fibular tip to JL distance was measured and analyzed.ResultsMean JL approximation did not yield significant differences among the three segments. Mean absolute JL error was highest for the tibia 1.4 ± 1.4 mm (range: 0 to 6.0 mm) and decreased for the fibula 0.8 ± 1.0 mm (range: 0 to 3.7 mm) and for TT and fibular tip segment 0.7 ± 0.6 (range: 0 to 2.4 mm) (p = 0.03). Mean absolute JL error of the TT and fibular tip segment was independent of gender, height, weight and tibia and fibula length side-to-side differences. Mean fibular tip to JL distance was 11.9 ± 3.4 mm (range: 3.4 to 22.1 mm) with a mean absolute side-to-side difference of 1.6 ± 1.1 mm (range: 0 to 5.3 mm).Conclusion3D registration of the contralateral tibia and fibula reliably approximated the original JL. The registration of, TT and fibular tip, as robust anatomical landmarks, improved the accuracy of JL restoration independent of tibia and fibula length side-to-side differences.Level of evidenceIV
Evaluation of liver fibrosis using hepatic extracellular volume fraction by contrast-enhanced computed tomography before and after direct-acting antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection: comparison with serological liver fibrosis markers
Authors: Kanki Akihiko , Maeba Kiyoka , Sotozono Hidemitsu , Yasokawa Kazuya , Higaki Atsushi , Yamamoto Akira , Tamada Tsutomu 
Published: September 2021

Objective: To evaluate time-dependent changes in hepatic extracellular volume (ECV) fraction using contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and serological liver fibrosis markers, the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), before and after direct-acting antiviral therapy (DAA) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods: 41 HCV-infected patients who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) after DAA (SVR group) and 10 control patients (untreated or unresponsive to treatment) who underwent CECT and serum biochemical tests before or after the first examination/DAA (T1) and at intervals thereafter (T2:<6 months after T1, T3: at 6–12 months, T4: at 12–24 months, and T5:>24 months) were evaluated. Results: In the control group, ECV fractions remained relatively unchanged through the study, and significant differences in FIB-4 index comparisons and APRI comparisons were only seen between the T2 and T4 values (p = 0.046 and p = 0.028, respectively). In the SVR group, ECV fractions were significantly different between T1 and T4 and T1 and T5 (p = 0.046 and 0.022, respectively), and both FIB-4 index and APRI were significantly different between T1 and all other time points (p = 0.017 to p < 0.001 and p = 0.001 to p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: After DAA, ECV fraction decreased slowly, suggesting an improvement in hepatic fibrosis, while serological liver fibrosis markers decreased immediately, probably due to improvement in hepatic inflammation. Advances in knowledge: ECV fraction has the potential to be a non-invasive biomarker for the assessment of liver fibrosis after direct-acting antiviral therapy.
Imaging findings of prostate tuberculosis by transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasound and comparison with 2D ultrasound and pathology
Authors: Yang Gaoyi , Ruan Litao 
Published: September 2021

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) appearances of prostate tuberculosis (PTB) and its correlation with histopathology.

Methods:
Clinical, transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and CEUS data of 12 PTB patients confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed, and compared to the pathological findings to identify the pathological structures corresponding to different image enhancement areas.

Results:
No specific characteristics could be found for the clinical appearances. Enlarged gland, hypoechoic lesions and calcification due to PTB could be found by TRUS, which were also non-specific. CEUS showed hypo- or non-enhanced lesions with varying size, which were related to different pathological stages of PTB. The incidence rate of non-enhanced lesions was 83.3%. The detection rate of suspected lesion by CEUS was significantly higher than that by TRUS (χ2 = 8.000, p = 0.005). Histopathology showed that the hypoenhanced area consisted of tuberculous granulomas, caseous necrosis and incomplete destruction of the glands, while the non-enhanced area consisted of caseous or liquified necrosis.

Conclusion:
CEUS could improve the detection rate of PTB lesions, and the diversity of its manifestations was related to different pathological structures. An enlarged, soft gland with non-enhanced on CEUS may provide valuable information for the diagnosis of PTB, but it is not a substitute for biopsy due to the diversity of CEUS findings.

Advances in knowledge:
When the lesions of prostate gland are unclear in TRUS examination, CEUS is an ideal option for the detection of lesions, which is conducive to targeted guidance of biopsy areas.
Transhepatic tract hemostasis using thermal-ablation after percutaneous portal vein access
Authors: Vermersch Mathilde , Denys Alban , Artru Florent , Tsoumakidou Georgia , Villard Nicolas , Duran Rafael , Hocquelet Arnaud 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Bleeding risk after percutaneous portal vein access procedures is not negligible. Various agents, coils and plug, have been used to minimize this risk, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. This study reports the results of coagulation using thermal-ablation (radiofrequency or microwave ablation) as an alternative to trans-hepatic puncture tract closure. Methods: Ten patients who benefited from portal vein recanalization or portal hypertension-relative bleeding complication embolization using percutaneous portal vein access and who underwent thermal-ablation of the puncture tract between December 30, 2019 and July 16, 2020 were included. Early efficiency and safety were evaluated using imaging (ultrasound and/or CT scan) and laboratory data (hemoglobin, hepatic function) at 24 h. Follow-up was performed until August 2020. Results: No bleeding from the puncture tract and no embolization-related complications were observed in all 10 patients at 24 h or during follow-up with median of 3 months (range 1–8 months), even in case of ascites or therapeutic coagulation. Conclusion: Thermal-ablation seems to be a safe, effective and rapid technique to avoid bleeding after percutaneous transhepatic direct portal vein access. Advances in knowledge: Thermal-ablation could be an alternative for transhepatic puncture tract closure especially for patients with high bleeding risk.
A proposed model on MR elastography for predicting postoperative major complications in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shibutani Kazu , Okada Masahiro , Tsukada Jitsuro , Hyodo Tomoko , Ibukuro Kenji , Abe Hayato , Matsumoto Naoki , Midorikawa Yutaka , Moriyama Mitsuhiko , Takayama Tadatoshi 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
To develop a model for predicting post-operative major complications in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods:
In all, 186 consecutive patients with pre-operative MR elastography were included. Complications were categorised using Clavien‒Dindo classification, with major complications defined as ≥Grade 3. Liver-stiffness measurement (LSM) values were measured on elastogram. The indocyanine green clearance rate of liver remnant (ICG-Krem) was based on the results of CT volumetry, intraoperative data, and ICG-K value. For an easy application to the prediction model, the continuous variables were converted to categories. Moreover, logistic regression analysis and fivefold cross-validation were performed. The prediction model’s discriminative performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the calibration of the model was assessed by the Hosmer‒Lemeshow test.

Results:
43 of 186 patients (23.1%) had major complications. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that LSM, albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) score, intraoperative blood loss, and ICG-Krem were significantly associated with major complications. The median AUC of the five validation subsets was 0.878. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test confirmed no evidence of inadequate fit (p = 0.13, 0.19, 0.59, 0.59, and 0.73) on the fivefold cross-validation. The prediction model for major complications was as follows: −2.876 + 2.912 [LSM (&gt;5.3 kPa)]+1.538 [ALBI score (&gt;−2.28)]+0.531 [Intraoperative blood loss (&gt;860 ml)]+0.257 [ICG-Krem (&lt;0.10)].

Conclusion:
The proposed prediction model can be used to predict post-operative major complications in patients with HCC.

Advances in knowledge:
The proposed prediction model can be used in routine clinical practice to identify post-operative major complications in patients with HCC and to strategise appropriate treatments of HCC.
The effect of red-fleshed pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on heat shock protein 70 and cortisol expression in strenuous exercise induced rats
Authors: Harahap Novita Sari , Lelo Aznan , Purba Ambrosius , Sibuea Awaluddin , Amelia Rina , Zulaini Zulaini 
Published: September 2021

Background: Oxidative stress from exercise can contribute to damaging cells, increasing heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and suppressing the immune system in the body. This research aimed to determine the antioxidant potential of red-fleshed pitaya extract on HSP70 and cortisol expression in rats which were subjected to strenuous exercise. Methods: The subjects of this research were 32 Sprague Dawley male rats, aged 3 months, with an average weight of 200 g. Red-fleshed pitaya extract was obtained from methanol extraction process; a maceration technique was performed and the extract was concentrated using an air-drying method. Rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 were subjected to strenuous exercise and treated with distilled water only; while Groups 2, 3 and 4 were subjected to strenuous exercise and treated with 100 mg/kg body weight, 200 mg/kg body weight and 300 mg/kg body weight of red-fleshed pitaya extract, respectively. Strenuous exercises in rats was performed by intense swimming of 20 min/day, 3 days a week for 3 weeks. HSP70 expression and cortisol were measured with Enzyme-Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results: There was a significant reduction of HSP70 (p=0.000) and cortisol expression (p=0.000) between the groups. Also, there was a significant difference in the average decreasing of HSP70 expression between group 4 and either groups 1 or 2 (p=0.000). However, a significant difference between groups 4 and 3 was not observed (p=0.813). Lastly, a significant difference was found in the average decrease of cortisol expression between groups 4 and 1 (p=0.000), 2 (p=0.000), and 3 (p=0.000) respectively. Conclusion: Red-fleshed pitaya is potential to be utilized as antioxidant to decrease the HSP70 and cortisol expression.
Unenhanced computed tomography as a diagnostic tool in suspected pulmonary hypertension: a retrospective cross-sectional pilot study
Authors: Goh Ze Ming , Johns Christopher S. , Julius Tarik , Barnes Samual , Dwivedi Krit , Elliot Charlie , Sharkey Michael , Alkanfar Dheyaa , Charalampololous Thanos , Hill Catherine , Rajaram Smitha , Condliffe Robin , Kiely David G. , Swift Andrew J. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) has been proposed to be diagnostic for pulmonary hypertension (PH) in multiple studies. However, the utility of the unenhanced CT measurements diagnosing PH has not been fully assessed. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic utility and reproducibility of cardiac and great vessel parameters on unenhanced computed tomography (CT) in suspected pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods: In total, 42 patients with suspected PH who underwent unenhanced CT thorax and right heart catheterization (RHC) were included in the study. Three observers (a consultant radiologist, a specialist registrar in radiology, and a medical student) measured the parameters by using unenhanced CT. Diagnostic accuracy of the parameters was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Inter-observer variability between the consultant radiologist (primary observer) and the two secondary observers was determined by intra-class correlation analysis (ICC). Results: Overall, 35 patients were diagnosed with PH by RHC while 7 patients were not. Main pulmonary arterial (MPA) diameter was the strongest (AUC 0.79 to 0.87) and the most reproducible great vessel parameter. ICC comparing the MPA diameter measurement of the consultant radiologist to the specialist registrar’s and the medical student’s were 0.96 and 0.92, respectively. Right atrial area was the cardiac measurement with highest accuracy and reproducibility (AUC 0.76 to 0.79; ICC 0.980, 0.950) followed by tricuspid annulus diameter (AUC 0.76 to 0.79; ICC 0.790, 0.800). Conclusions: MPA diameter and right atrial areas showed high reproducibility. Diagnostic accuracies of these were within the range of acceptable to excellent, and might have clinical value. Tricuspid annular diameter was less reliable and less diagnostic and was therefore not a recommended diagnostic measurement.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ ОБУЧАЮЩЕГО ПРОГРАММНОГО МОДУЛЯ «ЖИВОЙ ЗВУК» У ДЕТЕЙ С НАРУШЕНИЯМИ СЛУХА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ТЫВА
Authors: Ignatova Irina A. , Pokidysheva Lyudmila I. , Skidanova Olga V. , Zaitseva Olga I. 
Published: September 2021

Цель. Повысить эффективность специализированной персонифицированной медицинской помощи детскому слабослышащему населению республики Тыва с помощью программного модуля «Живой звук».
Результаты. У слабослышащих детей при проведении реабилитационных мероприятий неречевыми и речевыми стимулами посредством программного модуля «Живой звук» получена положительная динамика слуха в зависимости от возраста, формы и степени тугоухости.
Заключение. Использование полученных в работе результатов предполагает наличие экономического эффекта: сокращения времени обследования и улучшения качества диагностических и лечебных мероприятий среди детского слабослышащего населения республики Тыва.
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ И КУЛЬТИВИРОВАНИЯ ЭПИТЕЛИОЦИТОВ ЖЕЛУДКА
Authors: Peretyat'ko Olga V. , Belenyuk Vasiliy D. , Moskalenko Olga L. 
Published: September 2021

Культивирование клеток слизистой оболочки желудка является достаточно затруднительным. Однако, возможности использования эпителиоцитов в качестве моделей для исследований in vivo достаточно перспективны.
Цель. Получить первичную культуру клеток слизистой оболочки желудка и оценить её фенотипические и метаболические характеристики.
Материалы и методы. В данной работе представлены результаты методического исследования по получению первичных клеточных культур слизистой оболочки желудка человека методом ступенчатого протеолиза и возможности их дальнейшего культивирования. Для оценки фенотипа полученных клеток и их жизнеспособности использовался метод многоцветной проточной цитометрии.
Результаты исследования. Были выделены геторогенные клетки слизистой оболочки желудка с высоким процентом жизненоспособности. В ходе культивирования количество жизнеспособных клеток снижалось незначительно.
Заключение. Нами была получена первичная жизнеспособная культура эпителиоцитов желудка, что позволяет заключить, что представленная методика выделения пригодна для получения жизнеспособных клеток.
Public knowledge on influenza and influenza vaccines
Authors: Gorecka Adrianna , Gorecka Dagmara , Zaremba Bartłomiej , Wieteska Małgorzata , Urbańska Katarzyna 
Published: September 2021

Introduction and purpose. Influenza is the most common infectious disease reported in Poland. It is caused by a virus, which is transmitted through respiratory droplets. Vaccines are prime and most effective way to prevent the disease and its complications, but only 4,15 Polish people are vaccinated against influenza, which ranks Poland on one of the last places in Europe.Material and method. The aim of the study was evaluation of public knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccines.Results. The majority of respondents have basic knowledge about influenza, still most of them (almost 70%) have never been vaccinated against the flu. The main reason of that situation is their confidence about their good health and lack of necessity to get a vaccine. 92% of people points fever as the main symptom of influenza. Some people confuse symptoms of the flu with those of a cold of Covid-19 infection. More than 23% of people does not believe in the efficiency of the vaccine. Lack of sufficient knowledge about that issue is mentioned by 15% of the respondents. Polish people describe their knowledge in the middle of the 5-point scale, while most of them never learned about it.Conclusions. Still too few people in Poland decide to take a vaccine against influenza especially in age group below 65 years old. Reliable education should be of great importance for everyone, especially teachers and healthcare workers. Covid-19 had an impact on the number of people who decided to get the vaccine in 2020.
Cardiovascular comorbidities in acromegaly
Authors: Laszczak Katarzyna , Moqbil Sara , Niedobylski Sylwiusz , Warchoł Konrad 
Published: September 2021

Introduction and purpose: Acromegaly is a rare disease which occurs with the frequency of 0.2-1.1 cases per 100 000 patients per year. The main cause is the excess level of growth hormone (GH) which stimulates the liver to the insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1) secretion. IGF-1 leads to the tissues overgrowth. In addition, acromegalic patients suffer from many comorbidities, such as: cardiovascular, endocrinological, neoplastic and musculoskeletal complications. The main aim of this review is the update of the latest information concerning cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with acromegaly.State of knowledge: Studies revealed that 80% of acromegalic patients will develop cardiovascular comorbidities. Complications such as: hypertension, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, heart valve disease, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease as well as myocardial infarction were the most widely described. They are responsible for 44% of deaths in the first decade of the acromegaly and 23% in the second one.Conclusions: Because of the delayed diagnosis of acromegaly in most patients, most comorbidities are discovered in advanced stages leading to the decrease in patients’ life span. Adequate knowledge about potential complications is necessary to increase patients’ quality of lives.
Prion diseases: fatal familial insomnia
Authors: Madoń Barbara , Mikos Eryk , Nowaczek Justyna , Wasyluk Martyna , Wilczek Natalia 
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) is one of the transmissible spongiform encephathalopathies characterized by neuronal loss, sleep impairment, subsequent non-specific disturbances of autonomic nervous system (e.g. tachycardia) and endocrine dysfunctions. It is fatal autosomal dominant prion disease, which is extremaly rare- FFI affects only about one person per milion annually. The aim of this study is to review the literature and systematize knowledge about fatal familial insomnia.Brief description of the state of knowledge. The causative agent of this disease is a misfolded version of the physiological prion protein called PrP(Sc) in the brain. Major vulnerable regions in FFI are mediodorsal and anterior ventral nuclei of the thalamus. Average survival time after the onset of symptoms is 18 months. Hence molecular mechanisms involved in pathogenesis are poorly understood, the disease is incureable yet. However, there are a number of therapeutic options currently under investigation, e.g. immunotherapy or doxycycline usage.Conclusions. Subsequent researches are essential to improve understending of fatal familial insomnia. The prime issue is to develop functioning therapeutic or preventive treatment. While some of presented terapeutic approches appers promising, all of them require profoud research.
The role of artificial intelligence in cancer diagnostics - a review
Authors: Stanicki Paweł , Nowakowska Katarzyna , Piwoński Michał , Żak Klaudia , Niedobylski Sylwiusz , Zaremba Bartłomiej , Oszczędłowski Paweł 
Published: September 2021

Introduction and purposeArtificial intelligence (AI) is more advanced than ever and finds more and more new applications. Attempts are being made to use computer data analysis in medicine. The aim of this study is to summarize the knowledge on the use of AI in the diagnosis of breast, prostate, skin and colorectal cancer with particular emphasis on the applications and effectiveness of AI in making diagnoses. A brief description of the state of knowledgeThe most frequently used form of artificial intelligence in diagnostics are algorithms that analyze databases and recognize patterns. They can capture the features of samples characteristic of tumors, such as abnormal cells in the biopsy material or the alarming size and color of the skin lesion. Additionally, AI is capable of analyzing magnetic resonance images, radiographs, and other standardized test results. In most cases, AI is more effective than clinicians, sometimes as effective as they are, and almost never less effective. As a rule, the most accurate and adequate diagnosis can be obtained by joining the forces of AI and medical specialists. Working with learning algorithms requires the use of very extensive data sets. Every effort should be made to protect sensitive information from patients' medical history. ConclusionsThe results of research on the effectiveness of AI in cancer diagnostics are very promising. Further research and development of information technology systems may positively affect the quality and effectiveness of tumor diagnostics.