bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of efficacy, safety & satisfaction of intermittent versus continuous phototherapy in hyperbilirubinaemic newborns ≥35 week gestation
Authors: Gottimukkala Sasi Bhushan , Sethuraman Giridhar , Kitchanan Srinivasan , Pathak Surajit 
Published: December 2021

Background & objectives:
Phototherapy (PT) has become the standard of care for treating neonatal jaundice. This study was aimed to find out if intermittent PT (IPT) results in comparable rate of fall of bilirubin level to continuous PT (CPT) and results in lesser side effects and better acceptance.

Methods:
In this non-inferiority trial, 174 neonates ≥35 wk gestation and >2000 g with jaundice requiring PT were randomized to receive either IPT (one hour on and two hours off) or CPT (with minimum interruptions for feeding) after device stratification [light-emitting diode (LED) or compact fluorescent light (CFL)]. Bilirubin was checked 12th hourly, and calcium, vitamin D and nitric oxide (NO) levels were analyzed along with the clinical side effects and nursing and maternal satisfaction scores (CTRI Registration No. CTRI/2018/01/011072).

Results:
The rate of fall of bilirubin was similar in both the CPT and IPT groups [0.16 (0.10, 0.22) vs. 0.13 (0.09, 0.20) mg/dl/h, P=0.22]. The median difference with 95 per cent confidence interval of 0.03 (0.03, 0.03) mg/dl was also within the pre-defined inferiority limits. There was no significant change in the duration of PT and side effects such as fall in calcium levels, rise in vitamin D and NO levels or the clinical side effects. Maternal satisfaction favoured the IPT group, but the nurses opined that IPT was difficult to implement. Subgroup analysis for PT devices used showed that efficacy of both CFL and LED devices was equivalent.

Interpretation & conclusions:
IPT was non-inferior to CPT in reducing bilirubin levels in ≥35 wk neonates, irrespective of device used, and also mothers reported better satisfaction with IPT. Although IPT appears promising, CPT does not increase clinical and biochemical side effects compared to IPT.
Safety of hydroxychloroquine in healthcare workers for COVID-19 prophylaxis
Authors: Faruqui Atiya R. , Xavier Denis , Kamat Sandhya K. , Chandy Sujith J. , Medhi Bikash , Tripathi Raakhi K. , Shetty Yashashri C. , Raj John Michael , Kaushal Sandeep , Balakrishnan S. , Atal Shubham , Tripathi Santanu K. , Badyal Dinesh K. , Dikshit Harihar , Roy Sukalyan Saha , Trivedi Niyati , Chatterjee Suparna , Desai Chetna , Tripathi C.D. , Rege Nirmala N. , Gupta Pooja , Raveendran R. , Kaul Rajni , Kshirsagar Nilima A. 
Published: December 2021

Background & objectives:
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), reported to inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication in in vitro studies, has been recommended for prophylaxis of COVID-19 in healthcare workers (HCWs). The objective of this study was to assess short-term adverse events (AEs) of HCQ in HCWs.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study among consenting HCWs taking prophylaxis and working in hospitals with COVID-19 patients used online forms to collect details of HCWs, comorbidities, prophylactic drugs used and AEs after the first dose of HCQ. Verification of dose and AEs was done by personal contact. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to determine the effect of age, gender and dose of HCQ on AE.

Results:
Of the 1303 HCWs included, 98.4 per cent (n=1282) took HCQ and 66 per cent (n=861) took 800 mg as first day's dose. Among the 19.9 per cent (n=259) reporting AEs, 1.5 per cent (n=20) took treatment for AE, none were hospitalized and three discontinued HCQ. Gastrointestinal AEs were the most common (172, 13.2%), with less in older [odds ratio (OR) 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35-0.89], with more in females (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.78-3.38) and in those taking a total dose of 800 mg on day one compared to a lower dose. Hypoglycaemia (1.1%, n=14), cardiovascular events (0.7%, n=9) and other AEs were minimal.

Interpretation & conclusions:
HCQ prophylaxis first dose was well tolerated among HCWs as evidenced by a low discontinuation. For adverse effects, a small number required treatment, and none required hospitalization. The study had limitations of convenience sampling and lack of laboratory and electrocardiography confirmation of AEs.
Vaginal & gut microbiota diversity in pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis & effect of oral probiotics
Authors: Vasundhara Donugama , Raju Vankudavath Naik , Hemalatha Rajkumar , Nagpal Ravinder , Kumar Manoj 
Published: December 2021

Background & objectives:
The vaginal microbiota undergoes subtle changes during pregnancy and may affect several aspects of pregnancy outcomes. There has been no comprehensive study characterizing the gestational vaginal and gut microbiota and the dynamics of the microbiota with oral probiotics among Indian women. Hence, the study was aimed to explore the microbiota of pregnant women with normal microbiota and bacterial vaginosis (BV) environments and the effect of oral probiotics on the microbiota and the BV status in these women.

Methods:
Using high-throughput Illumina-MiSeq sequencing approach, the 16S rRNA gene amplicons were analyzed and the vaginal and gut microbiota of pregnant women with and without BV and pre- and post-probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14) intervention for a month was characterized.

Results:
The study revealed a compositional difference in the vaginal and gut microbiota between BV and healthy pregnant women. The vaginal microbiota of healthy women was characteristically predominated by Lactobacillus helveticus, followed by L. iners and L. gasseri; in contrast, women positive for BV harboured higher α-diversity and had lower abundance of L. helveticus. Similarly, Prevotella copri, a gut microbe, associated with normal environment was detected in the vaginal samples of all pregnant women without BV, it remained undetected in women with the infection, while all women with BV had Gardnerella vaginalis, which decreased significantly with probiotic treatment. Gut microbiota also revealed dominant abundance of P. copri in healthy women, whereas it was significantly lower in women with BV. The bacterial clade, P. copri abundance increased from 9.17 to 16.49 per cent in the probiotic group and reduced from 7.75 to 4.84 per cent in the placebo group.

Interpretation & conclusions:
This study showed gestational vaginal and gut microbiota differences in normal and BV environments. With probiotic treatment, the dynamics of L. helveticus and P. copri hint towards a possible role of probiotics in modulating the vaginal microbiota.
A Modified Rat Model of Cecal Ligation and Puncture for Adjusting the Severity of Septic Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Zhao Ning , Chen Jiaquan , Peng Wei , Jiang Rong , Peng Zhiyong , Liu Fen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
We aimed to establish a modified cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) rat model with omentectomy for simulating moderate-to-severe septic kidney injury (AKI).

Subjects and Methods:
Rats were randomly divided into four groups subjected to: Traditional CLP (n = 40); the modified CLP procedure (n = 40); sham surgery (abdominal incision only) (n = 6); and abdominal incision and omentectomy only (n = 6). We evaluated the severity of renal injury according to serum creatinine levels at 0, 24, and 48 h postoperatively and cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels at 12 h postoperatively, graded the severity of sepsis, monitored the degree of peritonitis, and examined animal survival.

Results:
Compared with the traditional CLP group, the modified CLP group developed more severe sepsis at postoperative 48 h, had more severe renal pathology, and developed more severe AKI with high homogeneity. Most rats in the traditional CLP group exhibited complete wrapping of the puncture site by omentum with limited peritonitis, while partial wrapping with pus spreading was observed in some. All rats in the modified CLP group developed puncture site necrosis, with pus spreading without formation of an encapsulated abscess, and a consistent degree of peritonitis. The 7-day survival rates in the traditional and modified CLP groups were 65.0% and 50.0%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The traditional CLP approach was associated with an even distribution of different AKI severities among treated animals, whereas the modified CLP approach established a consistently more severe rat model of septic AKI, constituting an important advance for optimizing septic AKI animal models.
KADIN KONUKEVİNDE YAŞAYAN KADINLARIN GENİTAL HİJYEN DAVRANIŞLARI: MANİSA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: TORAMAN Burçak , İLDAN ÇALIM Selda , BİÇİCİ Seda 
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, kadın konukevindeki kalan kadınların genital hijyen konusundaki davranışlarını belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Araştırma, tanımlayıcı tipte olup Manisa ilindeki bir kadın konukevinde 25 Mayıs-31 Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi, çalışmaya katılmak için gönüllü olan kadınlardan (n=82) oluşmuştur. Etik kurul onayı ve kurum izni alınmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak sosyodemografik form ile araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan genital hijyen anket formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler, kadınlarla birebir görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizi, SPSS 26.0 programıyla tanımlayıcı istatistikler değerlendirilerek yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Kadınların yaş ortalaması 31.82±8.7 olup %47.6’sının on beş gün veya daha az süredir kadın konukevinde kaldığı bulunmuştur. Kadınların %70.8’inin eğitim durumunun ortaöğretim ve altında olduğu; %59.8’inin gelir düzeyinin düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. Kadınların %39.0’ının son bir yıl içinde genital enfeksiyonu düşündürecek özellikte vajinal akıntı öyküsünün olduğu, bu kadınların %53.1’inin şikayeti nedeniyle sağlık kuruluşuna başvurduğu belirlenmiştir. Genital hijyen konusunda bilgi alan kadınların oranı %7.3’tür. Kadınların %63.4’ünün perine temizliğinde sabun kullandığı, %43.9’unun vajinal duş yaptığı, %56.1’inin arkadan öne perinesini temizlediği ve %29.1’inin menstruasyon döneminde günde bir ya da iki ped kullandığı bulunmuştur.
Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Konukevinde kalan kadınların eğitim ve gelir düzeyinin düşük olduğu, genital hijyen konusunda bilgi almadığı, son bir yıl içinde her iki kadından birinin genital enfeksiyon semptomları yaşadığı ve genital hijyen davranışlarının yetersiz olduğu bulunmuştur. Dezavantajlı gruplardaki kadınlara genital hijyen konusunda sağlık eğitimlerinin planlanması önerilir.
COVID 19 PANDEMİSİ VAROLUŞSAL BİR TEHDİT Mİ? YOKSA FIRSAT MI?
Authors: GÜLIRMAK Kübra , AĞAÇDİKEN ALKAN Seval , GÜLEÇ Serap 
Published: December 2021

Amaç: İlk insanın var olduğu günden bugüne kadar olan tarihsel süreçte, insanların yaşamını çeşitli olaylar etkilemiş ve yönlendirmiştir. Yirmi birinci yüzyılı etkileyen olaylardan biri de COVID-19 pandemisidir. Bu derlemenin amacı, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinin, varoluşsal açıdan tehdit mi yoksa fırsat mı olduğunu, varoluşçu felsefenin temel kavramlarıyla ele alarak açıklamaktır.
Yöntem: Konuyla ilişkili olarak arama motorlarından ulusal ve uluslararası yayınlar, kitaplar incelenmiştir.
Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: COVID-19 pandemisi dil, din, ırk ayrımı yapmadan tüm insanlık için hem tehdit ve hem de fırsatlar sunmuştur. Bu nedenle pandemi sürecini anlam bulmak, varlığımızla ilgili aradığımız soruların cevaplarını yakalayabileceğimiz, varoluşsal meseleler hakkında uzun uzadıya düşünebileceğimiz, hayatı ve yaşamın kıymetini daha fazla anlayabileceğimiz bir fırsat unsuru olarak gördüğümüzde, tehdit algısının biraz daha uzaklaştığını ve içsel huzurumuzun arttığını göreceğiz. Yaşanılan durum ne olursa olsun, bireysel bakış açımız, durumlara yüklediğimiz anlamlar acıya karşı tutumumuzu belirlemektedir. Bu yönüyle COVID-19 sürecine yüklediğimiz anlamlar bizim yaşamımızı yönlendirecektir.
The Effect of Mulaka Beejadi Lepa and Pruthu Nimba Panchaka Churna in the Management of Vicharchika W.S.R. to Eczema
Authors: V Divya , C Ragamala K 
Published: December 2021

According to Ayurveda, Vicharchika is a major problem in skin diseases. All Kusthas are having Tridoshaja origin.The disease Vicharchika to a greater extent resembles eczema/dermatitis. Despite of great advance in dermatology and the advent of powerful antibiotics, antifungal as well as steroids, Eczema continues to defy the best effect of dermatologists. Hence it is the need of the hour to find out safe and effective medicine for Vicharchika and here comes the role of Ayurveda. The involvement of Vata results in dry, blackish lesion of eczema, itching in those affected areas is due to Kapha and Pitta is responsible for Srava. In classical texts, Ayurveda Acharyas emphasizes shodhana and shamana therapy as the line of treatment at various contexts. So, the study aimed to evaluate efficacy of Mulaka beejadi lepa and Pruthu nimba panchaka churna in vicharchika, 30 children aged 3-16years who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria and diagnostic criteria were selected from Kaumarabhritya OPD and IPD of S.V.Ayurvedic College & Hospital, Tirupati. Patients were given Mulaka beejadi lepa as external application and vati prepared with Pruthu nimba panchaka churna 250mg BID in 3-10years age group and 500mg BID in 11-16yrs age group children for 30days and called for follow up after 15days to note any recurrence.The cases were recorded as per the case Pro forma and observations were recorded. Symptoms were scored and statistically analysed for any change before and after treatment. Mulaka Beejadi lepa as external application and Pruthu Nimba panchaka churna internally are very effective in the management of vicharchika.
A Critical Review on Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations of Martynia annua Linn.
Authors: Gupta Rahul Kumar , Deogade Meena 
Published: December 2021

Martynia annua Linn (Martyniaceae) is an important herbaceous annual medicinal herb found as a wild plant throughout India. In spite of the fact that the majority of its parts are utilized as a part of folklore and it is known as kakanasika in Ayurved, fruits, seeds, roots and Leaves are the most vital parts which are utilized therapeutically. The present article gives an account of updated complete information on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties. The review shows that large numbers of phytochemical constituents have been isolated from the Martynia annua Linn plant which possesses actions like Antioxidant, Anthelmintic, Analgesic and Antipyretic, Antibacterial, Anti-convulsant, Antinociceptive and, Antifertility, Central Nervous System (CNS) depressant, Wound Healing, Antidiabetic, Gastroprotective, Antifungal, Cytotoxic Activity and various other important medicinal properties. In folk medicine, Decoction of whole plant is used in pneumonia and cold fever. Leaves are eaten in times of scarcity and also given in epilepsy and its juice is gargled for sore throat. The fruits are used for the treatment of asthma; the seeds are also applied locally for itching and eczema. The Roots are boiled with milk and taken as a tonic and roots made into a poultice and applied in snake bite. For the last few decades or so, extensive research work has been done to prove its biological activities and pharmacology of its extracts. The aim of this review article was to summarize the information associated to Pharmacognostical, ethnobotanical, traditional, Phytochemical and pharmacological activity of the Martynia annua Linn plant.
PERSONALITY AS THE MAIN BENEFICIARY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Authors: Boyarsky O. O. 
Published: December 2021

The article examines the features of the status of a person as the main beneficiary of local self-government. It was revealed that based on the essence of the term "beneficiary", it refers to those persons who receive certain benefits, income or dividends not due to the active exercise of their rights, but to some extent "passively" due to their status or activities of others. It is has established that the very understanding of a person as a beneficiary of local self-government demonstrates a new emphasis in understanding how the municipal government should act and in whose interests. The center of such activity should be a person as a member of the territorial community, and his interests should be satisfied through the adequate activities of local governments determined by such interests.
Person as the main beneficiary of local self-government appears: a citizen of Ukraine, a foreign citizen or a stateless person (stateless person) or a refugee; member of the territorial community; a resident of a village, settlement, city or association of villages, settlements, cities it is determined.
A new approach to understanding the status of a person – a beneficiary of local self- government in a broad and narrow sense (in a broad sense – in the exercise of local self- government of all its powers, in the narrow – the exercise of local authorities in relation to vulnerable groups). It is determined that the legislation of Ukraine through the prism of the powers of local governments provides clear recipients (beneficiaries), which are mainly those categories of the local population who need various financial, material or other support and assistance – including socially vulnerable or vulnerable members of the territorial community. Thus, a person is a member of a territorial community, and his interests must be satisfied through the adequate activities of local self-government bodies determined by such interests.
KEEFEKTIFAN METODE AKROSTIK BERBANTUAN MEDIA VIDEO KEINDAHAN ALAM DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS PUISI
Authors: Syahruddin Syahruddin , Rahim Abd. Rahman , Rimang Siti Suwadah 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memeroleh, menganalisis, dan mendeskripsikan data mengenai (1) Tingkat kemampuan menulis puisi murid kelas VI SD Negeri 218 Inpres Dulang Kecamatan Tanralili Kabupaten Maros menggunakan metode akrostik berbantuan media video keindahan alam. (2) Tingkat kemampuan menulis puisi murid kelas VI SD Negeri 218 Inpres Dulang Kecamatan Tanralili Kabupaten Maros menggunakan teknik konvensional. (3) Efektif tidaknya penggunaan metode akrostik berbantuan media video keindahan alam efektif dalam pembelajaran menulis puisi murid kelas VI SD Negeri 218 Inpres Dulang Kecamatan Tanralili Kabupaten Maros. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian survei dengan teknik eksperimen semu. Adapun populasi penelitian adalah seluruh kelas VI SD Negeri 218 Inpres Dulang Kecamatan Tanralili Kabupaten Maros tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Populasi tersebut berjumlah 60 orang yang terbagi dalam dua kelas, yaitu kelas IV A dan kelas IV B dengan teknik pengambilan sampel adalah total sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar menulis puisi murid kelas VI SD Negeri 218 Inpres Dulang Kecamatan Tanralili Kabupaten Maros menggunakan teknik akrostik berbantuan media video keindahan alam adalah 65,67 teknik konvensional adalah 58,33 dalam rentangan nilai 10-100. Selain itu, data pada hasil analisis keefektifan dalam uji t, menunjukkan nilai empiris (ta) :15,875 sedangkan nilai teoretis (t1): 1,67 pada taraf kpercayaan 95%, sehingga dinyatakan bahwa nilai t empiris (hitung) lebih besar daripada nilai t teoretis (tabel) (15,875 >1,67) yang berarti teknik akrostik berbantuan media video keindahan alam efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil menulis puisi murid kelas VI SD Negeri 218 Inpres Dulang Kecamatan Tanralili Kabupaten Maros.
KEEFEKTIFAN PERMAINAN TEAK KATA DAN MEDIA VIDEO DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK SISWA KELAS IV SDN 26 SAMBUEJA KABUPATEN MAROS
Authors: S Sukartika Indriyani , Rahim Abd. Rahman , Syamsuri Andi Sukri 
Published: December 2021

Salah satu fenomena yang selalu menjadi sorotan mendasar dalam pembelajaran di sekolah akhir-akhir ini adalah pola rutinitas guru yang ‘mengejar target kompetensi yang tertuang dalam indikator dan tujuan-tujuan khusus, sehingga kreativitas siswa terpasung, beban pekerjaan rumah yang banyak, hafalan yang bertumpuk, dan kegiatan lainnya yang membuat siswa tidak memiliki kesempatan untuk mengekspresikan ide-ide, mengasah pikiran analitik kritis, kreatif, bereksplorasi, bereksperimen, membuat laporan, dan berbagai kegiatan kreativitas lainnya. Siswa dikejar oleh kegiatan-kegiatan yang berkisar mengerjakan soal-soal latihan yang muaranya hanya belajar untuk ujian/ulangan.
Synergetic effects of NH3 and NOx on the production and optical absorption of secondary organic aerosol formation from toluene photooxidation
Authors: Liu Shijie , Huang Dandan , Wang Yiqian , Zhang Si , Liu Xiaodi , Wu Can , Du Wei , Wang Gehui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract. NH3 is the most important alkaline gas in the atmosphere and one of the
key species affecting the behaviors of atmospheric aerosols. However, the
impact of NH3 on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation remains
poorly understood, especially the dynamic evolution of chemical compositions
in the SOA formation process. In this study, a series of chamber experiments
were performed to probe the individual and common effects of NH3 and
NOx on toluene SOA formation through OH photooxidation. The chemical
compositions of toluene SOA were characterized using the Aerodyne
high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). The SOA
yield increased from 28.1 % in the absence of NH3 to 34.7 % in the
presence of NH3 but decreased to 19.5 % in the presence of NOx.
However, the highest SOA yield of 42.7 % and the lowest carbon oxidation
state (OSC) occurred in the presence of both NH3 and NOx,
indicating that the higher-volatility products that formed in the presence
of NOx could partition into the particle phase when NH3 was added.
This resulted in a synergetic effect on SOA formation when NH3 and
NOx co-existed. The heterogeneous reaction was the main pathway by
which NH3 participated in SOA formation in the photooxidation
process. The synergetic effect of NH3 and NOx was also observed in
SOA optical absorption. A peak at 280 nm, which is characteristic of
organonitrogen imidazole compounds, was observed in the presence of NH3,
and its intensity increased when NOx was added into the chamber. This
work improves our understanding of how the synergistic interactions between
NH3 and NOx influence SOA formation and offers new insights into
mitigating haze pollution.