bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Al-Kindi
Authors: Adamson Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abu Yusuf Yaʿqub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi (b. c. 800–d. c. 870) was the first faylasuf, that is, the first philosopher to write in Arabic in response to Greek sources. He was deeply involved in the translation of Greek science and philosophy into Arabic, as he oversaw the so-called “Kindi circle,” a group of mostly Christian translators who produced versions of works by Aristotle, Plotinus, and Proclus, among others. It does not seem that al-Kindi himself was a translator. Instead, he “corrected” the translations and probably helped select the works to be translated. His own philosophical writings, many of which are preserved in a single manuscript, show the deep impact of Aristotle and Neoplatonism on his thought. Yet he was an original thinker who aimed to show the relevance of the Greek sources for a Muslim audience. He freely adapted, combined, and built on these sources in his own treatises.
A statistical approach to interpreting polarized dust emission of filamentary molecular clouds toward an estimate of 3D magnetic field structure
Authors: Fukihara Haruka , Takaishi Daisuke , Misugi Yoshiaki , Sasaki Megumi , Tsukamoto Yusuke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, we perform 3D magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations of filamentary molecular clouds. We then generate synthetic observations based on the simulation results. Using these, we investigate how the new polarization data analysis method recently introduced by Doi et al. (2021, ApJ, 923, L9) reflects the magnetic field structure in turbulent filamentary molecular clouds. Doi et al. proposed that the $R_{\rm {FWHM}}$, the ratio of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the polarized intensity ($PI$) to that of the total intensity ($I$) can be used to probe the three-dimensional structure of the magnetic field. We calculate the $R_{\rm {FWHM}}$ from the density and magnetic field structure obtained in the 3D-MHD simulations. We find that the mean and variance of $R_{\rm {FWHM}}$ within a filament are smaller and larger, respectively, with a larger inclination of the magnetic field to the plane-of-sky. We also find that both small-scale ($\lt $0.1 pc) and large-scale ($\gtrsim$0.1 pc) turbulence affect the polarized intensity of the dust thermal emission. We conclude that future extensive observations of $R_{\rm {FWHM}}$ may be able to quantify the inclination of the magnetic field to the plane-of-sky in the filamentary molecular clouds.
3 mm spectroscopic observations of massive star-forming regions with IRAM 30 m
Authors: Xu Xuefang , Wang Junzhi , Gou Qian , Li Juan , Quan Donghui , Li Di , Li Fei , Duan Chunguo , Lei Juncheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Broad-band spectroscopic observations with high sensitivity provide an unbiased way to detect emissions of molecules in space. We present deep observations from 105.8 to 113.6 GHz toward 50 Galactic massive star-forming regions using the IRAM 30 m millimeter telescope, with noise levels ranging from 6 to 29 mK at frequency channel spacing of 195 kHz, which corresponds to ${\sim}0.54$ km s$^{-1}$ at 110 GHz. In total, 27 molecular species have been identified, of which 16 are complex organic molecules. The related parameters, such as peak temperature, integrated intensity, and line width of the identified molecular lines were obtained. The line widths of the chemically related molecules show strong positive correlations, suggesting they likely originate from similar gases within star-forming regions. This work highlights the fundamental properties of the detected molecular lines and offers a valuable dataset for further studies on the astrochemical evolution of molecules in massive star-forming cores.
DHFR2 RNA directly regulates dihydrofolate reductase and its expression level impacts folate one carbon metabolism
Authors: Drago Paola , Bookey Niamh , Leung Kit‐Yi , Henry Michael , Meleady Paula , Greene Nicholas D. E. , Parle‐McDermott Anne 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDihydrofolate reductase activity is required in One Carbon Metabolism to ensure that the biologically active form of folate, tetrahydrofolate, is replenished and available as an enzyme cofactor for numerous cellular reactions, including purine and pyrimidine synthesis. Most cellular enzyme activity was thought to arise from the product of the DHFR gene on chromosome 5, with its paralogue DHFR2 (formerly known as DHFRL1; [chromosome 3]), believed to be responsible for mitochondrial dihydrofolate activity based on recombinant versions of the enzyme. In this paper, we confirm our earlier findings that dihydrofolate reductase activity in mitochondria is derived from the DHFR gene rather than DHFR2 and that endogenous DHFR2 protein is not detectable in most cells and tissues. Using HepG2 cell lines with modulated expression of either DHFR or DHFR2, we observed an impact of DHFR2 RNA on One Carbon Metabolism mediated through an influence on DHFR expression and activity. Knockout of DHFR2 results in a drop in dihydrofolate reductase activity, lowered 10‐formyltetrahydrofolate abundance, downregulation of DHFR mRNA, and diminished DHFR protein abundance. We also observed downregulation of Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase and Thymidylate Synthase, two One Carbon Metabolism enzymes that work with DHFR to support de novo thymidylate synthesis. The expression of recombinant DHFR2 resulted in restoration of DHFR mRNA and protein levels while a DHFR knockdown cell line showed upregulation of DHFR2 RNA. We propose that the DHFR2 gene encodes an RNA molecule that regulates cellular dihydrofolate reductase activity through its impact on DHFR mRNA and protein.
The Effect of Women’s Perceptions of Their Nurses’ Communication on Their Distress and Fear of Cancer During Colposcopy
Authors: Akıncı Gizem , Aydın Ruveyde 
Published: February 2025

Background
Effective communication between nurses and women can help determine women’s stress and fear levels during colposcopy and enable appropriate interventions to be taken.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the effect of women’s perceptions of nurse communication on their levels of distress and cancer worry during colposcopy.

Methods
This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 227 women who underwent colposcopy at three hospitals between December 2023 and May 2024. Data collection instruments included the Descriptive Information Form, the Health Care Communication Questionnaire (HCCQ), the Cervical Dysplasia Distress Questionnaire (CDDQ), and the Cancer Worry Scale (CWS). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used for statistical analyses.

Results
The average age of participants was 36.28 ± 7.75 years, with 92.5% being married and 41% being high school graduates. A strong negative correlation was found between HCCQ and CDDQ (r = −0.714, P = .000) and CWS (r = −0.718, P = .000). A strong positive relationship was also identified between CDDQ and CWS scores (r = 0.759, P = .000). Descriptive characteristics and the HCCQ significantly explained 73.4% of the variance in the CDDQ (R
2 = 0.734, P = .000). Additionally, descriptive characteristics, the HCCQ, and the CDDQ significantly explained 82% of the variance in the CWS (R
2 = 0.820, P = .000).

Conclusion
The study demonstrated that women’s descriptive characteristics and their perceptions of nurse communication are significant predictors of cervical dysplasia distress and cancer fear during colposcopy.

Implications for Practice
By gaining effective communication skills and equipping themselves with psychoeducation, nurses can take initiatives to reduce women’s stress and cancer fear levels during colposcopy.
Impact of hormone receptor and HER2 conversions on survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients
Authors: Feng Ran , Pan Li-Hui , Yao Ya-Rong , Gao Jin-Nan , Zhang Xiao-Jun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
This study assessed the frequency of changes in some key receptor status of tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with invasive breast cancer and the prognostic impact of these changes.

Methods
This study included 300 patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer who were treated with both NAC and surgery between 2012 and 2021. The hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) levels were measured before and after NAC. The prognostic impact of receptor conversion was also evaluated in patients receiving NAC, by using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models as statistical methods.

Results
The conversion rate of estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) to ER-negative (ER−) was similar to that of ER− to ER+ (9.2% and 10.9%, respectively). The proportion of HR− to HR+ was remarkably higher than that of HR+ to HR− (14.8% vs 9.2%, respectively). The change from HER2+ to HER2− was significantly more frequently than that from HER2− to HER2+ (20.3% vs 6%, respectively). Patients with ER and HR status changes from (−) to (+) after NAC had significantly worse recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than those in the other 3 groups (ER− to ER+: RFS: p = 0.002, OS: p < 0.001; HR− to HR+: RFS: p = 0.003, OS: p < 0.001). The 4 HER2 conversion subgroups were not significantly associated with RFS or OS.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated a discordance in HR status after NAC and identified predictors of conversion. Patients whose HR status switched to positive after NAC had the worst 3-year RFS and OS rates.
Race, Ethnicity, and Payor status Impact the Surgical Approach and Postoperative Outcomes of Lung Cancer Amongst Patients within The Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Database
Authors: Watkins Ammara A. , Parsons Niharika , Shehata Dena G. , Vigna Carolina , Lagisetty Kiran , Bonner Sidra , Lopez Edilin , Wilder Fatima G. , Stock Cameron T. , Moffatt-Bruce Susan , David Elizabeth A. , Mitchell John D. , Habib Robert H. , Servais Elliot L. 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To evaluate demographics and quality metrics across racial and ethnic groups amongst patients undergoing lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) within the Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Database (STS GTSD).

Summary Background:
Studies evaluating disparities amongst patients undergoing lung resection for NSCLC are limited.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort analysis of the STS GTSD was performed between 2015-2022. Multivariable logistic regression was performed for operation (wedge versus anatomic resection), operative approach (open versus minimally invasive), 30-day major morbidity, and combined 30-day morbidity/mortality. Non-Hispanic White patients were the reference group.

Results:
103,407 patients underwent resection between 2015-2022. Patients identified as White (88,153; 85.6%), Black (8,924; 8.6%), Asian/PI (4,028; 3.90%), American Indian (274; 0.26%), and Other race (2,028; 1.96%). Black and Hispanic patients were less likely to receive a minimally invasive surgery (MIS) (aOR 0.92 [0.86–0.98], 0.72 [0.70–0.75], respectively). Patients with Medicare (aOR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08–1.36) or dual Medicare-Medicaid coverage (aOR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.14–1.44) had higher odds of postoperative morbidity, as well as combined morbidity/mortality (Medicare: aOR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08–1.35; dual coverage: aOR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.13–1.42), compared to those with commercial insurance. These payor types were most prevalent among Black and Hispanic patients.

Conclusions:
Surgical volumes for racial and ethnic minorities with operable NSCLC remain disproportionately low. Black and Hispanic patients experience disparities in key quality metrics, including lower likelihood of receiving MIS. Payor status was strongly associated with postoperative complications. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions.
New Tumor Classification Using Invasion Depth in Biliary Tract Cancer Around the Cystic Duct Junction
Authors: Ushida Yuta , Watanabe Nobuyuki , Kawakatsu Shoji , Yamamoto Ryusei , Mizuno Takashi , Onoe Shunsuke , Yokoyama Yukihiro , Kokuryo Toshio , Igami Tsuyoshi , Yamaguchi Junpei , Sunagawa Masaki , Baba Taisuke , Shimoyama Yoshie , Ebata Tomoki 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To propose a shared T classification system for biliary cancers located around the cystic duct junction.

Summary Background Data:
These cancers include perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PCC), distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC), and cystic duct carcinoma (CDC), which are staged according to discrete tumor classification.

Methods:
From 2011 to 2019, patients with biliary cancers that clinically invaded the junction (junctional cholangiocarcinoma [JCC] ) were classified as having PCC, DCC, CDC, or unclassifiable tumor (UT) based on topologic predominance. The prognostic stratifying ability of the specific American Joint Committee on Cancer T system and depth-based classification were compared between patients with JCC and UT.

Results:
Among 191 patients with JCC, 63, 20, and 20 had PCC, DCC, and CDC, respectively; the remaining 88 (46%) had UT. The DCC group showed a better survival rate of 70% at 5 years than the other groups (48% for UT, 36% for PCC, and 29% for CDC). Specific tumor classifications of PCC, DCC, and CDC significantly stratified survival in 88 patients with UT, with c-indices of 0.611, 0.613, and 0.563, respectively. Stratified by depth-based classification (T1, ≤1 mm; T2, >1-5; T3, 6-10; and T4, >10 mm), the 5-year survival rates were 83%, 67%, 44%, and 0% in the UT cohort (P<0.001, C-index, 0.654) and 88%, 60%, 41%, and 24% in the entire JCC cohort (P<0.001, C-index, 0.632), respectively.

Conclusions:
The depth-based T classification significantly stratified survival in the clinical category of JCC and histologically defined UT. Cholangiocarcinoma and CDC in this region can be grouped under the banner of the JCC.
Gauging and controlling excitability in cortical disorders
Authors: Friedrichs-Maeder Cecilia , Lepeu Grégory , Baud Maxime O. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review
Cortical excitability, defined as the cortex's responsiveness to incoming stimuli, is a fundamental concept in neuroscience and a targetable mechanism for controlling brain dysfunctions such as epilepsy, as well as other neurological and psychiatric disorders. In this review, we delineate the boundaries between physiological and pathological excitability, highlighting recent theoretical, experimental, and translational advances relevant to human brain disorders. Specifically, we describe the dynamic regulation of cortical excitability and propose practical means to monitor its known fluctuations as to guide therapeutic interventions.

Recent findings
From a conceptual standpoint, the last decade of research on cortical excitability has benefited from dynamical systems theory, which studies the behavior of nonlinear systems (here, the cortex) and their resilience to perturbations in different conditions (here, variable excitability). We review how fundamental relationships between excitability and resilience were verified in the brain in a series of recent studies. We also review natural fluctuations in cortical excitability, and how these may open windows of vulnerability for the expression of cortical dysfunctions. We then turn to the practicalities of measuring and monitoring cortical excitability, a latent variable that must be actively probed.

Summary
Practical means for gauging cortical excitability likely have broad applicability. To enable new developments in clinical practice, a principled design of pharmacological and neurostimulation therapies must leverage current understanding of cortical dynamics.
Specific Effects of Integrase Inhibitors on Gut Microbiota in Men Who Have Sex with Men with and without HIV
Authors: Cancio-Suárez Marta Rosas , Díaz-Álvarez Jorge , Díaz-García Claudio , Nieto Salas Luis Miguel , Sánchez-Conde Matilde , Moreno Elena , García-Ruiz de Morales Alejandro G. , Marín-Pedraza Laura , Crespillo-Andújar Clara , Fons-Contreras María , Ron Raquel , del Amo-de Palacio Ana , González-Sanz Marta , Moreno Santiago , Serrano-Villar Sergio 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundHIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) influence gut microbiota, affecting inflammation, immune function, and systemic health. However, isolating the effects of integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based ART on gut microbiota is complicated by confounding factors, including HIV status, immunosuppression, and sexual behavior.MethodsThis study examined three cohorts of men who have sex with men (MSM): 1) HIV-negative individuals using post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) (n=22), 2) PWH with <350 CD4 cells/μL before and after ART (n=21 and n=13, respectively), 3) PWH on long-term INSTI-based ART with >500 CD4 cells/μL (n=17). Fecal microbiota was analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing, with functional profiling using PICRUSt2. To compare differences in bacterial abundance and functions, we used ANCOM-BC2.ResultsPWH showed significantly lower alpha diversity than HIV-negative participants, especially those with marked immunosuppression. Short-term ART in PEP users showed no significant impact microbiota, while beta diversity clustered by HIV status rather than ART exposure. Pro-inflammatory taxa, such asPrevotellaceae,were enriched in PWH, reflecting interactions between HIV and MSM status. Functional profiling indicated elevated genes linked to antibiotic resistance, metabolism, and stress in PWH. While INSTI-based ART caused minor functional changes, it increased beneficial genera likeBarnesiella.ConclusionsWhile HIV significantly disrupts gut microbiota, INSTI-based ART preserves microbial diversity and community structure. Complementary microbiota-targeted interventions could enhance health outcomes for PWH.
Estimating heart rate variability using facial video photoplethysmography: a pilot validation study
Authors: Pstras Leszek , Okupnik Tymoteusz , Ponikowska Beata , Paleczny Bartlomiej 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionVideo photoplethysmography (vPPG) employs a digital camera to detect blood pulsations in the skin vasculature, which can be used to estimate various physiological parameters. In this study, we investigate the accuracy and precision of two heart rate variability (HRV) indices estimated using a smartphone camera and the facial vPPG technology Shen.AI Vitals.MethodsThe study group included 35 healthy volunteers (17 females) with median age 25 years (range 20–42 years). The subjects were in a sitting position, keeping their heads relatively still. A smartphone mounted on a tripod was used to acquire 1-min video recordings of participants’ faces. In parallel, a 1-lead chest electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded to obtain reference values of two analysed time-domain HRV indices: SDNN and lnRMSSD.ResultsFor SDNN, the mean absolute error (MAE) was 3.5 ms (11.0% in relative terms) and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) was 4.5 ms (15.7%). For lnRMSSD, the MAE was 0.24 (7.3%) and RMSE was 0.31 (9.9%). Correlations between the vPPG-based and ECG-based HRV values were strong, with the Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.98 for SDNN and 0.88 for lnRMSSD (P < 0.001 in both cases).ConclusionsIn a young, white population, the tested vPPG technology estimated HRV indices (SDNN and lnRMSSD) with acceptable accuracy in most subjects, with a slight systematic overestimation, especially for low values. The results should be confirmed in a larger study with greater diversity in age and skin tone.
Pyrimethamine and a potent analogue WCDD115 inhibit NRF2 by suppressing DHFR and one-carbon metabolism
Authors: Chembo Julius , Bowman Brittany M. , Lapak Kyle , Wilkerson Emily , Paiboonrungruang Chorlada , Cho Kevin , Medcalf Matthew R. , Patti Gary J. , Dolle Roland E. , Chen Xiaoxin , Zolkind Paul , Major Michael B. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2) is a critical mediator of the cellular oxidative stress response. Aberrant activation of NRF2 is common in lung and upper aerodigestive cancers, where it promotes tumor initiation and progression and confers resistance to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. As such, NRF2 therapeutic inhibitors are actively being sought. We previously reported that the antiparasitic drug Pyrimethamine (PYR) inhibits NRF2 in cell lines and in a NRF2-inducible genetically engineered mouse model. Here we design, synthesize, and define structure-activity relationships across a series of 25 PYR-based derivatives to reveal WCDD115 as a 22-fold more potent inhibitor of NRF2 (57nM versus 1.2µM). PYR is known to inhibit plasmodial and human dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). We found that WCDD115 inhibits hDHFR with 31-fold greater potency than PYR (144nM versus 4.49µM). Metabolomics showed strong similarities between PYR, WCDD115 and methotrexate. Genetic, pharmacological and metabolic epistasis studies reveal that DHFR inactivation is required for NRF2 suppression by WCDD115 and PYR. Global and targeted proteomics revealed overlapping profiles for WCDD115, PYR and methotrexate, including suppression of NRF2 oxidative stress response and activation of TP53 and the DNA damage response. Therefore, PYR and a novel potent derivative WCDD115 are effective, indirect inhibitors of NRF2 and its antioxidant functions. These data underscore the importance of one- carbon metabolism for the NRF2 signaling pathway and support a new therapeutic strategy to suppress NRF2-driven cancer biology.