bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daniellia oliveri Leaf Extracts as an Alternative to Antibiotic Feed Additives in Broiler Chicken Diets: Meat Quality and Fatty Acid Composition
Authors: Alagbe John 
Published: November 2021

The objective of the study was to examine the effect of feeding different levels of Daniellia oliveri leaf extract (DOFE) on the meat quality and fatty acid composition of broiler chicks. A total of 375 one –day old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments of seventy-five birds per group; each group was further divided into 5 replicates consisting of 15 chicks each. The dietary treatments include a control diet-fed 1.25 g/litre Oxytetracycline (T1), T2, T3, T4 and T5 were fed DOFE at 20 ml, 40ml, 60ml and 80 ml/liter respectively. Basal diet was formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of birds according to NRC (1994), feed and water were given ad libitum and the experiment lasted for 56 days. Result obtained showed that Daniellia oliveri leaf contained Dry matter (89.11%), crude protein (18.95%), crude fibre (13.11%), ether extract (4.78%), ash (6.10%), neutral detergent fibre (28.10%), and acid detergent fibre (47.50%). Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in the proximate composition of the breast meat. Total saturated fatty acid (TSFA), total unsaturated fatty acid (TUFA), and omega-6/omega -3 ratio (n-6: n-3) values were significantly influenced (P<0.05) by DOFE. Birds in T5 had the highest TUFA value of 77.87 % followed by T4 (72.45%), T3 (66.43%), T2 (61.94 %), and T1 (41.47%) respectively. While T1 (44.71%) had the highest value of TSFA (P<0.05) relative to other treatments. The atherogenic index was significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatments, the value increases as the level of DOFE increased. It was concluded that feeding DOFE to birds at 80 ml/liter highly influenced the composition of fatty acid and meat quality of animals without any negative effect on their general performance.
Resilience and coping in difficult social situations
among children from low socioeconomic families
Authors: Pastwa-Wojciechowska Beata , Koralewska-Samko Joanna , Lammek Mateusz 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionThe study aimed to compare factors influencing social adaptation of children from families at risk of social exclusion versus their peers with higher socioeconomic status. The analysis applied to coping strategies in difficult social situations as well as intrapersonal and interpersonal attitudes, and attitudes towards the world.Material and methodsThe study involved 169 children (girls n = 85, boys n = 84) aged 13-14 years. Children were included in the criterion group based on a statutory minimum subsistence level applicable for a given year in Poland.ResultsChildren with higher levels of resilience scored high in cognitive-intellectual and physical spheres as well as in personality, pro-social, socio-moral and support spheres and the sense of efficacy. Factors such as socioeconomic status and family structure were found to differentiate children in terms of coping mechanisms and attitudes towards themselves, other people and the world.ConclusionsThe study revealed that the child’s psychological resilience is of particular importance for social adaptation.
Come and say what you think:
reducing employees’ self-censorship
through procedural and interpersonal justice
Authors: Adamska Krystyna , Jurek Paweł 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionSelf-censorship in an organization may be defined as a conscious decision by employees to refrain from expressing opinions, criticism or suggestions in situations of perceived irregularities. There are at least two reasons for this decision: firstly, the fear that speaking up would prompt negative consequences, and secondly, the belief that it would not bring about a change in the situation. Procedural justice in an organization may encourage employees to limit that silence, thereby diminishing fear and undermining the belief that change is impossible.Material and methodsA set of three studies (total number of participants N = 710) was conducted in order to determine whether procedural justice predicts self-censorship and also to define the role of interpersonal justice in this relationship. It was assumed that procedural justice, while useful in the formation of an impartial and rigid legal system within an organization, is constrained by its disregard for personal relations.ResultsIt was found that when employees perceive a work environment as providing influence over procedures, they declare less self-censorship motivated by fear and resignation. In high interpersonal justice conditions the role of procedural justice in predicting employee self-censorship as well as employee silence beliefs increases.ConclusionsBoth fair treatment of all employees and the contextual and need-centered nature of such treatment should be integrated if self-censorship is to be reduced. The results confirm this conclusion for self-censorship (decision) and employee silence beliefs (belief that relations within the organization do not encourage people to speak up).
PEMANFAATAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN PADA PELATIHAN JARAK JAUH FUNGSIONAL PENYULUH PAJAK (STUDI KASUS BDK DENPASAR)
Authors: HISAN NAILUL 
Published: November 2021

To complete the distance training of tax advisor functional, the training assistants have prepared the materials, include learning videos. In order to have same expectation as what the participants need, the videos need to know the participants perception of those. This study uses a descriptive method, measuring the value of independent variables without making comparison among others. Data is collected by questionnaires and documentation. It is processed to be quantitative data and qualitative data. The analysis technique for quantitative data is by presenting data in tabular form or frequency distribution and cross tabulation (crosstab). On the other side, for qualitative data, the author reduces the data by combining similar answers in one sentence. The result of these techniques is the most liked-type videos is the tutorial video and the preferred duration ones is within 3-5 minutes. It is because the video have combination of visual, audio, and sophisticating for the participant. The video can help the learners to understand the material better and make the learning more interesting. On the other hand, the lack of the video is only one-way communication.
ABSTRAKUntuk melengkapi bahan Pelatihan Jarak Jauh Fungsional Penyuluh Pajak penyelenggara telah menyiapkan bahan pelatihan diantaranya berupa video pembelajaran. Agar video pembelajaran yang disediakan sesuai kebutuhan peserta maka perlu diketahui persepsi peserta atas video pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif yaitu mengetahui nilai variabel yang bersifat mandiri, baik satu variabel atau lebih (independen) tanpa melakukan perbandingan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh berupa data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif. Teknik analisis yang dilakukan untuk data kuantitatif dengan menyajikan data dalam bentuk tabel atau distribusi frekuensi dan tabulasi silang (crosstab). Untuk data kualitatif, penulis melakukan reduksi data dengan menggabungkan jawaban-jawaban yang serupa dalam satu kalimat. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa jenis video yang paling diskuai oleh pserta pelatihan adalah jenis video tutorial, sedang durasi video yang disukai peserta adalah video dengan durasi 3-5 menit. Alasan peserta lebih menyukai video pembelajaran dibandingkan dengan media yang lain karena video memenuhi unsur visual, audio, dan sesuai perkembangan zaman Media pembelajaran video dapat memudahkan pemelajar untuk lebih memahami materi. Kelebihan video pembelajaran adalah video pembelajaran lebih mudah diterima dan lebih menarik. Sedangkan kekurangan video pembelajaran adalah komunikasi dalam bentuk video merupakan komunikasi satu arah saja.
ADUBAÇÃO DO PIMENTÃO (Capsicum annuum) COM A MANIPUEIRA E SEUS EFEITOS: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Ferreira Diana Patrícia dos Santos , Martins Islane Cristina 
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A manipueira é um resíduo extremamente prejudicial ao meio ambiente quando descartado de forma inadequada, porém, sua utilização como o biofertilizante na agricultura torna-se possível porque possui quantidades consideráveis de macro e micronutrientes. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura a fim de compreender a adubação do pimentão (Capsicum annuum) com a manipueira e seus efeitos. Material e Métodos: Foi feita uma busca das referências nas bases Periódicos CAPES, Google Scholar em janeiro de 2021. A busca permitiu identificação de três artigos que se adequaram aos critérios estabelecidos. Resultados: A partir da análise dos dados foi possível verificar que 67% dos artigos fizeram menção de que foi comprovado que adição de manipueira como adubo na plantação de pimentão tiveram um resultado positivo no desenvolvimento do fruto e 33% dos artigos fizeram menção que embora a manipueira apresenta vantagens dentro da temática agrícola, requer uma abordagem mais cautelosa, visto que a pesquisa e a legislação ainda são incipientes, tanto no Brasil, quanto em outros locais do mundo. Conclusão: Os efeitos da adubação do pimentão (Capsicum annuum) com a manipueira promoveu o melhor resultado para comprimento e diâmetro de fruto na dose de 20mL. Doses superiores a 20mL reduziram o número, comprimento e diâmetro de frutos de pimentão.
Aerosol responses to precipitation along North American air trajectories arriving at Bermuda
Authors: Dadashazar Hossein , Alipanah Majid , Hilario Miguel Ricardo A. , Crosbie Ewan , Kirschler Simon , Liu Hongyu , Moore Richard H. , Peters Andrew J. , Scarino Amy Jo , Shook Michael , Thornhill K. Lee , Voigt Christiane , Wang Hailong , Winstead Edward , Zhang Bo , Ziemba Luke , Sorooshian Armin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. North American pollution outflow is ubiquitous over the western North
Atlantic Ocean, especially in winter, making this location a suitable
natural laboratory for investigating the impact of precipitation on aerosol
particles along air mass trajectories. We take advantage of observational
data collected at Bermuda to seasonally assess the sensitivity of aerosol
mass concentrations and volume size distributions to accumulated
precipitation along trajectories (APT). The mass concentration of
particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm
normalized by the enhancement of carbon monoxide above background
(PM2.5/ΔCO) at Bermuda was used to estimate the degree of
aerosol loss during transport to Bermuda. Results for December–February
(DJF) show that most trajectories come from North America and have the highest
APTs, resulting in a significant reduction (by 53 %) in PM2.5/ΔCO under high-APT conditions (> 13.5 mm) relative to low-APT
conditions (< 0.9 mm). Moreover, PM2.5/ΔCO was most
sensitive to increases in APT up to 5 mm (−0.044 µg m−3 ppbv−1 mm−1) and less sensitive to increases in APT over 5 mm.
While anthropogenic PM2.5 constituents (e.g., black carbon, sulfate,
organic carbon) decrease with high APT, sea salt, in contrast, was comparable
between high- and low-APT conditions owing to enhanced local wind and sea
salt emissions in high-APT conditions. The greater sensitivity of the fine-mode volume concentrations (versus coarse mode) to wet scavenging is evident
from AErosol RObotic NETwork
(AERONET) volume size distribution data. A combination of GEOS-Chem model
simulations of the 210Pb submicron aerosol tracer and its gaseous precursor
222Rn reveals that (i) surface aerosol particles at Bermuda are most
impacted by wet scavenging in winter and spring (due to large-scale
precipitation) with a maximum in March, whereas convective scavenging plays
a substantial role in summer; and (ii) North American 222Rn tracer
emissions contribute most to surface 210Pb concentrations at Bermuda in
winter (∼ 75 %–80 %), indicating that air masses arriving at
Bermuda experience large-scale precipitation scavenging while traveling from
North America. A case study flight from the ACTIVATE field campaign on 22 February 2020 reveals a significant reduction in aerosol number and volume
concentrations during air mass transport off the US East Coast associated
with increased cloud fraction and precipitation. These results highlight the
sensitivity of remote marine boundary layer aerosol characteristics to
precipitation along trajectories, especially when the air mass source is
continental outflow from polluted regions like the US East Coast.
Freshwater routing in eddy-permitting simulations of the last deglacial: the impact of realistic freshwater discharge
Authors: Love Ryan , Andres Heather J. , Condron Alan , Tarasov Lev 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Freshwater, in the form of glacial runoff, is hypothesized to play a critical role in centennial- to millennial-scale climate variability, such as the Younger Dryas and Dansgaard–Oeschger events, but this relationship is not straightforward.
Large-scale glacial runoff events, such as Meltwater Pulse 1a (MWP1a), are not always temporally proximal to subsequent large-scale cooling.
Moreover, the typical design of hosing experiments that support this relationship tends to artificially amplify the climate response.
This study explores the impact that limitations in the representation of runoff in conventional “hosing” simulations has on our understanding of this relationship by examining where coastally released freshwater is transported when it reaches the ocean.
We particularly focus on the impact of (1) the injection of freshwater directly over sites of deep-water formation (DWF) rather than at runoff locations (i.e. hosing), (2) excessive freshwater injection volumes (often by a factor of 5), and (3) the use of present-day (rather than palaeo) ocean gateways. We track the routing of glaciologically constrained freshwater volumes from four different inferred injection locations in a suite of eddy-permitting glacial ocean simulations using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Circulation Model (MITgcm) under both open and closed Bering Strait conditions.
Restricting freshwater forcing values to realistic ranges results in less spreading of freshwater across the North Atlantic and indicates that the freshwater anomalies over DWF sites depend strongly on the geographical location of meltwater input.
In particular, freshwater released into the Gulf of Mexico generates a very weak freshwater signal over DWF regions as a result of entrainment by the turbulent Gulf Stream.
In contrast, freshwater released into the Arctic with an open Bering Strait or from the Eurasian ice sheet is found to generate the largest salinity anomalies over DWF regions in the North Atlantic and GIN (Greenland–Iceland–Norwegian) seas region respectively.
Experiments show that when the Bering Strait is open, the Mackenzie River source exhibits more than twice as much freshening of the North Atlantic deep-water formation regions as when the Bering Strait is closed.
Our results illustrate that applying freshwater hosing directly into the North Atlantic with even “realistic” freshwater amounts still overestimates the amount of terrestrial runoff reaching DWF regions.
Given the simulated salinity anomaly distributions and the lack of reconstructed impact on deep-water formation during the Bølling–Allerød, our results support that the majority of the North American contribution to MWP1a was not routed through the Mackenzie River.
Sedimentary architecture and landforms of the late Saalian (MIS 6) ice sheet margin offshore of the Netherlands
Authors: Cartelle Víctor , Barlow Natasha L. M. , Hodgson David M. , Busschers Freek S. , Cohen Kim M. , Meijninger Bart M. L. , van Kesteren Wessel P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Reconstructing the growth and decay of palaeo-ice sheets
is critical to understanding the relationships between global climate and
sea-level change and to testing numerical ice sheet models. In this study,
we integrate recently acquired high-resolution 2D seismic reflection and
borehole datasets from two wind-farm sites offshore of the Netherlands to
investigate the sedimentary, geomorphological, and glaciotectonic records
left by the Saalian Drenthe substage glaciation, when Scandinavian land ice
reached its southernmost extent in the southern North Sea (ca. 160 ka,
Marine Isotope Stage 6). A complex assemblage of glaciogenic sediments and
glaciotectonic structures is buried in the shallow subsurface. The northern
wind-farm site revealed a set of NE–SW-oriented subglacial meltwater channels
filled with till and glaciofluvial sediments and an E–W-trending composite
ridge with local evidence of intense glaciotectonic deformation that denotes
the maximum limit reached by the ice. Based on the identified glacial
geomorphology, we refine the mapping of the maximum ice sheet extent
offshore, revealing that the ice margin morphology is more complex than
previously envisaged and displaying a lobate shape. Ice retreat left an
unusual paraglacial landscape characterised by the progressive infilling of
topographic depressions carved by ice-driven erosion and a diffuse drainage
network of outwash channels. The net direction of outwash was to the west
and southwest into a nearby glacial basin. We demonstrate the utility of
offshore wind-farm data as records of process–form relationships preserved in
buried landscapes, which can be utilised in refining palaeo-ice sheet
margins and informing longer-term drivers of change in low-relief settings.
Cauterización transoral de la arteria maxilar interna en la fosa infratemporal. Informe de un caso
Authors: Figueroa Eduardo , Lorea Agustina , Piastrellini Rocío , Urquiola Federico A. , Rondón González Gabriel , Ruggeri Carlos S. 
Published: November 2021

Se describe el caso clínico de una paciente de 84 años que tuvo epistaxis recidivante por padecer enfermedad de Rendu-Osler-Weber.
Tuvo antecedentes de diversos tratamientos quirúrgicos que incluyeron el cierre de la fosa nasal izquierda (operación de Young).
Por la persistencia de epistaxis izquierda se indicó una angiografía y embolización. Esta última no se hizo porque se diagnosticaron anastomosis entre el sistema carotídeo externo y el interno.
Se realizó un abordaje intraoral paramaxilar asistido con endoscopios para cauterizar la arteria maxilar interna en la fosa infratemporal y un abordaje externo para cauterizar la arteria etmoidal anterior solucionando la epistaxis.
Errors of Indices in Household Surveys of Punjab Urban through Principal Components
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Zaidi Fatima Seher 
Published: November 2021

In this research article, household wealth indices are calculated to estimate the sampling errors, which gave us complete information on the quality and reliability of published data upon the household surveys. Estimates are calculated based on simple random sampling, which contains sampling errors. Here principal components analysis (PCA) estimate standard errors of wealth indices as orthogonal transformation to develop solid measures of individual economic status. These measures evaluate the significance and explain the living status and economic dissimilarity of Punjab urban. Instrumental variables are used here to the enlightened social status of the Punjab urban area of Pakistan by using PCA of household surveys. Twenty-five variables are included in this study. Total variance analysis explains the variation of total components. A comparison study (PCA) approaches to estimating the standard error of indices of the household survey are presented in this paper. We conclude that errors of indices in household surveys through PCA, when compared to direct measures of estimating household wealth indices, are an efficient and reliable method.
Visualization of Lesions of Metaphyses and Epiphyses of Bones in Newborns and Young Children
Authors: Sholokhova N. A. 
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic capabilities of various methods of radiological diagnostics for lesions of the metaphyses and epiphyses of bones in newborns and young children.The study involved 108 children in the age group 5 days – 12 months with pathological changes in the pineal gland and bone metaphysis. The possibilities and advantages of standard radiography (СR), ultrasound examination (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the early and differential diagnosis of the osteomyelitis process and epiphyseolysis have been determined. High sensitivity (98 %), specificity (99 %) and accuracy (98 %) for ultrasound and sensitivity (94 %), specificity (89 %) and accuracy (95 %) of MRI in diagnosing osteomyelitis in patients of this age groups. At the same time, the possibilities of standard radiography at the stages of early diagnosis of inflammatory processes in the distal parts of the bones were limited due to a number of factors. The use of diagnostic algorithms greatly facilitates the work of a radiologist and reduces the number of false negative results during the initial treatment of patients.
IMPLEMENTATION OF VISA SERVICES AS IMMIGRATION POLICY DURING PANDEMIC OF COVID-19
Authors: Halimah Bella Agustina 
Published: November 2021

At the end of 2019, the world was shocked by the invention of a new variant virus in Wuhan, laternamed Covid-19. This case has become a particular concern to the world, especially WHO, because the virus can cause fatalities, and the rate of transmission is very fast. Shortly after the invention, WHO declared Covid19 as a global pandemic. Each country is doing their best to prevent the Covid-19 virus from entering their country's territory, including in Indonesia. The Indonesian government then creates policies from all aspectsand fields to prevent and break thetransmission chain of Covid-19 cases. One of the fieldsthat played a roleis Immigration.Directorate General of Immigration, as one of the authorized institutions in the field of Immigration,has authority over all activities of people who entering and exiting the territory of Indonesia. During this Covid-19 pandemic, Indonesian Immigration has created new policies. One of the policies thathave been created is the policy about Visa services that are provided and applied to Foreign Nationals who will enter and stay in Indonesia. Immigration policy related to visas is continuously updated and applied according to the situation, conditions, and policies of the government to achieve one goal, which is preventing and breaking the transmission chain of Coronavirus in Indonesia.