bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental consanguinity and congenital heart defects in Afghan children with Down’s syndrome
Authors: Sharifi Abdul Muhib , Jalal S. Najmuddin , Sediqi M. Sharif , Ibrahimi M. Akbar , Sharifi A. Wali 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: It seems that parents’ consanguinity status effects the pattern of congenital heart defects (CHDs). In this study the CHD pattern in children with Down’s syndrome (DS) was determined in Afghanistan’s children population with a high consanguineous marriage rate and compared with historical cohorts from populations with low prevalence of parental consanguinity.
Objective: This analytic cross sectional study aimed to determine the frequency and distribution of CHDs in Afghanistan children with Down’s Syndrome as a group in a community with a high consanguineous marriage rate and comparing these with different global studies and populations with low prevalence of consanguinity.
Methods: This analytic cross sectional study was conducted in a pediatric teaching hospital in Kabul city - Afghanistan, named Maiwand Hospital. The subjects were all children with DS proven by clinical and cytogenetic study and referred to the pediatric cardiology service from September 2018–September 2020. Parents’ consanguinity was documented and 2D echocardiography and Doppler studies were performed by two experienced pediatric cardiologists after physical examination, ECG, and chest X-ray for each patient.
Results: During the two-year study period, 120 DS patients were identified, 78 (65%) of whom had CHDs. The prevalence of isolated and multiple CHD in the 78 children with DS were 35% (42 patients) and 30% (36 patients), respectively. Ventricular septal defect (20.5%) and atrial septal defect (15.3%) were the most common isolated defects. The combination of VSD and PDA (20.5%) were the most frequent multiple CHDs. The most com­mon associations of CHD were VSD + PDA (20.5%) and VSD + ASD (10.2%). Consanguinity was found in 69.2 % of all parents.
Conclusions: A higher frequency of CHD was documented in DS children from this population with a high consanguineous marriage rate. The frequencies of specific lesions were almost similar to those reported locally and internationally; VSD was the most frequently detected in this study. Interesting was the predominance of left-right shunt lesions and the relative rarity of cyanotic and complex CHD in this DS population.
key words: congenital heart disease, atrioventricular septal defect, Down’s syndrome, trisomy 21, Afghanistan
Platelet-lymphocyte ratio and sepsis outcome in children
Authors: Kurniawan Ferry , Manoppo Jeanette I. Ch. , Runtunuwu Ari Lukas , Rampengan Novie Homenta , Lolombulan Julius 
Published: November 2021

Background Sepsis is the most common cause of death in infants and children worldwide. Identification of patients with a high risk of death and accurately anticipating outcomes in the early phase is very important in order to provide adequate intervention to the patient. Predictors and scoring systems have been used to determine the prognosis of sepsis n children. The platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), a newly-used marker for inflammation, has received recent attention, as it can act as an indicator in a variety of diseases, including sepsis.
Objective o investigate the relationship between PLR and clinical outcomes in pediatric patients with sepsis.
Methods This study was conducted using an analytic, observational method with a prospective cohort approach in children with sepsis in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Central General Hospital, Manado, North Sulawesi, from February to August 2020. We analyzed patients’ platelet-lymphocyteratio (PLR), mortality rate, and length of stay using SPSS software. The PLR were recorded once within the first 24 hours of PICU admission.
Results Of 96 PICU patients, 87 patients were eligible for this study. In total, 50 patients (57.47%) died. Mean PLR was 77.53 among sepsis survivors and 157.2 among non-survivors (rpb=0.566, P<0.0001) indicating a strong relationship between PLR and mortality. We also found a strong positive linear relationship between PLR and PICU length of stay.
Conclusion Platelet-lymphocyte ratio is a predictor of sepsis outcomes that can be easily and inexpensively checked. Thus, it can be used in regions with limited health facilities.
EXPORT POSITIONS OF RUSSIA IN CENTRAL ASIA: REALITIES AND PROBLEMS
Authors: Butakova M. M. , Sokolova O. N. 
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to researching and assessing the state of affairs, identifying problems and prospects for Russia’s presence in the markets of Central Asian countries. The relevance of the problem is connected with the goals of maintaining the export positions of the Russian Federation in this market and with the goals of increasing the volume of non-resource non-energy exports.
The authors investigated the dynamics and structure of world and Russian exports to the countries of Central Asia, highlighted the dominant commodity groups of Russian exports for each importing country. As a result of the study of the territorial aspect and the related specifics of trade and economic relations, it was concluded that a deeper study of export opportunities and prospects of Russian regions bordering on countries-importers of Russian products in Central Asia was made.
The article outlines the problems of increasing competition in the markets of Central Asia and the negative impact on the prospects of Russian exports of falling incomes of the population and reducing market capacity due to the pandemic, the need to take a set of measures to maintain Russia’s competitive position in this market.
As a result the studies of the problems of the development of Russian exports the authors came to the conclusion that it is mutually beneficial and promising, to increase the supply Russian products to the countries of Central Asia the need to find ways to increase its efficiency, and strengthen state support for non-resource non-energy exports.
Ein neues zweisprachiges altbabylonisches Vokabular aus Ur
Authors: Ludwig Marie-Christine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article presents the first edition of an Old-Babylonian acrographic vocabulary excavated in the city of Ur. Although fragmentary and poorly preserved, this text provides interesting new aspects for the understanding of the so-called „dialects“ of Sumerian and of bilingual language teaching in general, and identifieslurû(m) „(man with a) thin/croaky voice“ as a (person with a) speech defect described as „Emesal“. In addition, it contains entries of business terminology known from the north Babylonian „Sippar Phrasebook“, the Old Babylonian „Forerunner“ of canonical Ura 1 and 2.
Eine bedeutende Salzquelle in Karapınar Konya – Meke Gölü (Meke Maar) und ein Gleichsetzungsvorschlag fürliki„Salzlecke“ im Staatsvertrag des Kuruntija und Tutḫalija IV.
Authors: Maner Çiğdem 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA systematic archaeological survey in the Southeast provinces of Konya has started to reveal the settlement pattern of the Bronze and Iron Ages in this region, which sheds light on the geo-environment, economy, road networks, interactions and cultures. This paper will specifically deal with the region of and around Meke Gölü and Karacadağ, located in Karapınar – Konya, and discuss the surveyed settlements and possible implications of the economy with salt trade as one of the main trade commodities. In this context the salt source of the saline lake Meke Gölü (Lake Meke), which is located south of Karacadağ, its significance and usage of salt will be explored. Finally, the equation of Meke Gölü with theliki(salt-lick) mentioned in the frontier description in the treaty between the Great Kings Kuruntija and Tutḫalija IV on the well-known Bronze Tablet discovered in Boğazköy – Ḫattuša, the capital of the Hittite Empire, will be suggested and debated.
Children, Donkeys and Eponyms at Dūr-Katlimmu
Authors: Nahm Werner 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Middle Assyrian herding texts from Dūr-Katlimmu are brought into a temporal order by following the animals from year to year, with new insights into the management of the herds. The use of percentages is confirmed. Three new joins of published texts are found. Based on the lists of serfs and rations the prosopography and ethnography of the šiluḫlu community is refined. Taken together, this leads to substantial corrections of the eponym sequence under Salmānu-ašarēd (Shalmaneser) I and Tukultī-Ninurta I. The texts show the impact of an epizootic and of three wars, in particular ups and downs in the war against Babylonia. The destruction of the šiluḫlu community under Tukultī-Ninurta I is described and an interpretation for it proposed.
Endogenous Expectations Management with Network Effects: A Note
Authors: Choi Kangsik , Lim Seonyoung 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We examine the endogenous choice of commitment device to consumers’ expectations with network effects. Under Cournot competition, we show that choosing commitment to expectations for each firm is a dominant strategy regardless of the strength of network effects. However, under Bertrand competition, three types of commitment with both/no commitment/multiple emerge in equilibrium depending on the strength of network effects. Thus, we obtain different Pareto efficiency between Bertrand and Cournot competition, depending on the intensity of competition.
Positive answer to the invariant and hyperinvariant subspaces problems for hyponormal operators
Authors: Mecheri Salah 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe question whether every operator on infinite-dimensional Hilbert space 𝐻 has a nontrivial invariant subspace or a nontrivial hyperinvariant subspace is one of the most difficult problems in operator theory. This problem is open for more than half a century. A subnormal operator has a nontrivial invariant subspace, but the existence of nontrivial invariant subspace for a hyponormal operator 𝑇 still open. In this paper we give an affirmative answer of the existence of a nontrivial hyperinvariant subspace for a hyponormal operator. More generally, we show that a large classes of operators containing the class of hyponormal operators have nontrivial hyperinvariant subspaces. Finally, every generalized scalar operator on a Banach space 𝑋 has a nontrivial invariant subspace.
Xenological Subjectivity: Rosi Braidotti and Object-Oriented Ontology
Authors: Vivaldi Jordi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The conceptualization of the notion of subjectivity within the Anthropocene finds in Rosi Braidotti’s posthumanism one of its most explicit and profuse modulations. This essay argues that Braidotti’s model powerfully accounts for the Anthropocene’s subjectivity by conceiving the “self” as a transversal multiplicity and its relationality to the “others” and the “world” as non-hierarchized by nature–culture distinctions; however, by being ontologically grounded on a neo-Spinozistic monism, Braidotti’s model blurs the notions of finitude, agency, and change, obscuring the possibility of critical dissent while decreasing the overall theory’s consistency. An alternative ontological model capitalizing on these elements can be found in Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO) and its notion of withdrawal. By associating OOO’s non-onto-taxonomical pluralism with Braidotti’s posthuman subjectivity, this essay aims at ontologically discretizing the latter in order to overcome these limitations. Grounded on this association and invoking a narrative imaginary propelled by the Greek terms xenos (guest-friend) and xenia (hospitality), the article paves the way for a form of subjectivity deviating from Braidotti’s ecological model and defined as xenological, arguing that, within the context of the Anthropocene, it constitutes an adequate alternative to Braidotti’s subjectivity.
Factors Influencing Financial Risk Tolerance: A Review
Authors: Bunyamin Mubarokah , Abdul Wahab Norwazli 
Published: November 2021

High financial risk tolerance level encourages investors’ participation in financial market. Thus, elevate their capabilities to achieve their financial goals and support national economic growth and well-being. This paper aims to investigate the factors affecting financial risk tolerance from studies around the globe. A comprehensive review of financial risk tolerance is carried out with a particular attention on factors that impact financial risk tolerance on financial decisions. This study indicates that financial risk tolerance can be explained by demographic profiles, psychology, social, geographical differences, and financial capability factors. These findings will be useful to professionals, technologists, and financial institutions to identify potential investors based on the indicators concluded with the suggestion on financial technology (FinTech) utilisation. Hence, encouraging participation in the Malaysian financial market during global health crisis and reaching economic well-being towards industrial revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0).
ANALISIS PEMAHAMAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK DAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL PADA GURU IPS DI KECAMATAN BAWEN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Lestari Widyaningsih , Mulianingsih Ferani 
Published: November 2021

The study aims to analyze the understanding of pedagogic and professional competence of social studies teachers in Bawen District, Semarang Regency. The results of the analysis show that pedagogical and professional competence is not fully understood due to several constraints. Pedagogical competency constraints include; (1) the frequency of meeting and emotional closeness, (2) the number of teachers, (3) the ability of human resources, (4) the readiness of students, (5) the burden of multiple subjects, (6) less effective communication, (7) preparation of evaluation procedures not , (8) low willpower. While professional competency constraints include; (1) educational background is irrelevant, (2) readiness of students, (3) motivation to learn, (4) lack of willpower, (5) HR ability. The school seeks to develop teacher competencies, among others through the IHT (In House Training) program including training in the use of instructional media, training in writing scientific papers, training in the preparation of learning tools, etc.
Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemahaman kompetensi pedagogik dan profesional guru IPS di Kecamatan Bawen Kabupaten Semarang. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa kompetensi pedagogik dan profesional belum dipahami secara maksimal karena beberapa faktor kendala. Kendala kompetensi pedagogik meliputi; (1) frekuensi bertemu dan kedekatan emosional, (2) jumlah guru, (3) kemampuan SDM, (4) kesiapan peserta didik, (5) beban mata pelajaran ganda, (6) komunikasi kurang efektif, (7) penyusunan evaluasi tidak prosedural, (8) rendahnya kemauan. Sedangkan kendala kompetensi profesional meliputi; (1) latar belakang pendidikan tidak relevan, (2) kesiapan peserta didik, (3) motivasi belajar, (4) rendahnya kemauan, (5) kemampuan SDM. Pihak sekolah berupaya untuk mengembangkan kompetensi guru antara lain melalui program IHT (In House Training) meliputi pelatihan penggunaan media pembelajaran, pelatihan penulisan karya ilmiah, pelatihan penyusunan perangkat pembelajaran dsb.
MENILIK KEGIATAN PRAMUKA YANG BERPERAN DALAM MENANAMKAN SIFAT KEBANGSAAN PADA GENERASI MUDA MESKIPUN DI ERA PANDEMI
Authors: Mustika Fadlilah Jufany , . Supriyono , Nugraha Dadi Mulyadi 
Published: November 2021

This research aims to (1) national attitudes that can be applied from scouting activities, (2) Pancasila values â€‹â€‹that are implemented from scouting activities, (3) instill a spirit of nationalism and nationality, (4) foster a sense of love for the country, (5) see what positive things are obtained from scouting activities, and (5) the influence of covid-19 in the implementation of scouting activities. For this reason, a study with a quantitative approach was carried out by distributing questionnaires (surveys) to scout members at the Cimahi City Branch Kwartir base and reporting the results descriptively. Scouting is important in shaping a nation so that it has an attitude of love for the country. Looking at the community, scouting activities aim to increase the resources of young Indonesians and increase the sense of nationalism which in the current era of globalization feels faded. Scouts teach each member to always obey all applicable regulations.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) sikap berbangsa yang dapat diterapkan dari kegiatan pramuka, (2) nilai-nilai Pancasila yang diimplementasikan dari berkegiata pramuka, (3) menanamkan jiwa nasionalisme dan kebangsaan, (4) menumbuhkan rasa cinta tanah air, (5) mengetahui hal positif apa saja yang didapatkan dari kegiatan pramuka, dan (5) pengaruh covid-19 dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pramuka. Untuk itu, dilakukan sebuah penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan membagikan kuisioner (survei) kepada anggota pramuka di pangkalan Kwartir Cabang Kota Cimahi dan melaporkan hasilnya dengan deskriptif. Kepramukaan dianggap penting dalam membentuk generasi bangsa agar memiliki sikap cinta tanah air. Melihat dari tujuannya, kegiatan pramuka bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sumber daya kaum muda Indonesia dan meningkatkan rasa nasionalisme yang pada era globalisasi seperti saat ini terasa telah memudar. Pramuka mengajarkan setiap anggotanya untuk selalu patuh terhadap segala peraturan yang berlaku.
ЗНЕСОЛЕННЯ МІНЕРАЛІЗОВАНИХ ВОД ПРИ ВИКОРИСТАННІ РЕАГЕНТНИХ МЕТОДІВ
Authors: Трус Інна М. , Гомеля Микола Д. 
Published: November 2021

Вирішення проблем водозабезпечення та охорони вод в рамках водних екосистем є актуальним питанням сьогодення. В роботі вирішено важливу науково-технічну проблему розробки високоефективних методів водопідготовки та очищення стічних вод від забруднень, що дозволяє створити маловідходні технології демінералізації. Нанофільтраційні технології водопідготовки дозволяють отримувати високоякісну питну воду та технологічну воду з необхідними показниками. Концентрати, які утворюються при нанофільтраційному очищенні високомінералізованих природних та шахтних вод, характеризуються підвищеним вмістом іонів жорсткості і сульфатів. Ефективного очищення води від сульфатів можна досягти при застосуванні синтезованого алюмінату натрію та вапна. Ступінь пом’якшення та очищення концентратів від сульфатів залежить від дози вапна та алюмінату натрію, співвідношення реагентів, реакції середовища. Ефективність вилучення сульфатів з води зростає з підвищенням дози вапна при постійній дозі коагулянту та з підвищенням дози гідроксоалюмінату натрію при постійній дозі вапна. Перевищення дози вапна на 20 % більше від стехіометричного співвідношення є недоречним, оскільки призводить до незначного підвищення ефективності вилучених сульфатів з води. Ефективність вилучення сульфатів за постійних доз вапна зростає з підвищенням дози коагулянту до 20–60 % від стехіометричної кількості сульфатів. При доведенні рН середовища до 7–8 за допомогою вуглекислого газу досягнуто підвищення ефективності вилучення іонів жорсткості та сульфатів. При знесоленні високомінералізованих вод при оптимальній дозі реагентів концентрація сульфатів знизилась до 69–89 мг/дм3 та іонів жорсткості – до 0.44–1.15 мг-екв/дм3. В роботі були розраховані рівняння регресії для залежності залишкових концентрацій сульфатів і іонів жорсткості у воді в залежності від дози вапна і алюмінату натрію.
ВИДІЛЕННЯ ЛІЗОЦИМУ ЧОРНОМОРСЬКОЇ МІДІЇ MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS
Authors: В. Курсир Галина , Г. Захарчук Валентина , В. Севастьянова Олена , М. Филипенко Людмила , І. Мазуренко Ксенія 
Published: November 2021

Аналітичний огляд показав перспективність використання лізоциму як цінного природного антибактеріального препарату. Експериментальний моніторинг природних джерел препаратів з антибактеріальною активністю виявив доцільність використання вторинної сировини з водних ресурсів чорноморського басейну, отриманого в процесі переробці мідій. Проведено виділення і хроматографічне очищення ферментного препарату лізоциму. Визначено, що тільки зразки, елюйовані 0.6 М розчином NaСl в 0.02 М ацетатному буфері, pH 5.0, виявляють літичну активність. Фракція з літичною активністю склала 54 см3 при елююванні 0.6 М розчином NaCl в 0.02 М ацетатному буфері, pH 5.0. Лізоцим, досліджений за результатами гель-електрофорезу в 15 % ПААГ з використанням калібрувальної кривої, характеризується молекулярною масою 18 кДа, що підтверджує його приналежність до низькомолекулярних білків. Отримано препарат лізоциму з соку чорноморських мідій з питомою активністю 206 од / мг, молекулярна маса якого становить 18 кДа, ступінь очищення – 946.6. Досліджено антибактеріальну активність отриманого препарату лізоциму до збудників харчових отруєнь і псування харчових продуктів. Отримані результати дозволяють прогнозувати перспективи використання мідій як джерела високоактивного лізоциму.
ЕЛЕКТРООСАДЖЕНИЙ НАНОСТРУКТУРОВАНИЙ БАГАТОФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ КАТАЛІЗАТОР НА ОСНОВІ ОЛОВА
Authors: Ю. Ущаповський Дмитро , В. Лінючева Ольга , І. Мотронюк Тетяна , Ю. Підвашецький Гліб 
Published: November 2021

Матеріали на основі олова широко використовуються в сенсорній технології, а також для створення каталізатора. Отримання матеріалів з найбільшою питомою площею поверхні, яку може забезпечити об'ємно-пористий нано-впорядкований та структурований матеріал, є важливим завданням. У даній роботі запропоновано електроосадження компактних наноструктурованих катодних осадів олова з сульфатного розчину, що містить добавку ОП-10. Наявність відповідного типу добавок у розчині та значний час осадження спричинили утворення наноструктурованої поверхні олов’яних осадів. Встановлено, що найвища продуктивність електровідновлення СО2 досягнута на електроформованих олов'яних електродах, час осадження яких становив дві години. У мембранній комірці відкритого типу при швидкості барботування СО2 5 мл/хв у діапазоні потенціалів –1.5… –1.8 В (відносно Ag / AgCl) вихід за струмом коливається в межах 11… 12.5 %. Було показано, що максимальна швидкість утворення форміату натрію на електроосадженому наноструктурованому каталізаторі спостерігалася при електродному потенціалі –1.8 В (відносно Ag / AgCl) і є вдвічі вищою, ніж на полірованому олові.
Characteristics of Irradiated Hydrogel Formulated from Composite i/k-carrageenan Combined with Polyvinyl Alcohol
Authors: Utomo Bagus Sediadi Bandol , Fransiska Dina , Sumarlin La Ode , Sulthonuddin Ihya 
Published: November 2021

Eucheuma seaweed from tropical waters habitat mainly contains carrageenan, a type of hydrocolloid potential for hydrogel production. This study aims to determine the characteristics of hydrogel formulated from composite i- and k-carrageenan combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) which, could be used further for wound dressing application. The concentrations of composite i/k-carrageenan used were 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0% w/w, and the PVA concentration was 12.5% w/w. Composite i/k-carrageenan in a proportion of 6:4 by weight. The hydrogel was irradiated using 60Co g-rays with the irradiation dose of 25 and 2 kGy.h-1. The concentration of composite i- and k-carrageenan influenced the gel fraction, water holding capacity, tensile strength, elongation, and surface morphology of the hydrogel. The optimum formula of irradiated composite hydrogel was obtained from 3.0% w/w of composite i/k-carrageenan. The formula had a gel fraction of 61.67%, water holding capacity of 1067.12%, tensile strength of 32.37 x 10-3 MPa, and elongation of 251.67%. Interestingly, the product with the optimum formula had a porous surface morphology and transparency, which are applicable for wound dressing purposes.