bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Intake of Linoleic Acid, Its Concentrations, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Mohammad , Jalilpiran Yahya , Karimi Elmira , Aune Dagfinn , Larijani Bagher , Mozaffarian Dariush , Willett Walter C. , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUNDEarlier evidence on the association between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of diabetes has been conflicting.PURPOSETo quantitatively summarize previous studies on the association between dietary LA intake, its biomarkers, and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the general population.DATA SOURCESOur data sources included PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science until 24 October 2020; reference lists of all related articles; and key journals.STUDY SELECTIONWe included prospective cohort studies that examined the associations of linoleic acid (LA) with the risk of T2DM in adults.DATA SYNTHESISThe inverse variance method was applied to calculate summary relative risk (RR) of LA intake and its biomarkers, and dose-response associations were modeled using restricted cubic splines. Twenty-three publications, covering a total of 31 prospective cohorts, were included; these studies included 297,685 participants (22,639 incident diabetes cases) with dietary intake assessment and 84,171 participants (18,458 incident diabetes cases) with biomarker measurements. High intake of LA was associated with a 6% lower risk of T2DM (summary relative risk [RR] 0.94, 95% CI 0.90, 0.99; I2 = 48.5%). In the dose-response analysis, each 5% increment in energy from LA intake was associated with a 10% lower risk of T2DM. There was also evidence of a linear association between LA intake and diabetes, with the lowest risk at highest intakes. The summary RR for diabetes per SD increment in LA concentrations in adipose tissue/blood compartments was 0.85 (95% CI 0.80, 0.90; I2 = 66.2%). The certainty of the evidence was assessed as moderate.LIMITATIONSA limitation of our work was the observational design of studies included in the analyses.CONCLUSIONSWe found that a high intake of dietary LA and elevated concentrations of LA in the body were both significantly associated with a lower risk of T2DM. These findings support dietary recommendations to consume dietary LA.
Alat Pembasmi Hama Tanaman Padi Otomatis Berbasis Mikrokontroler Menggunakan Tegangan Kejut Listrik
Authors: Siregar Devinta Ayu , Hambali Hambali 
Published: August 2021

Pada umumnya, pembasmian hama padi dilakukan dengan cara penyemprotan pestisida. Hal ini akan mengakibatkan tanah dan tanaman padi tercemar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat alat pembasmi hama otomatis yang ramah lingkungan tanpa menggunakan pestisida. Penelitian ini juga membuat sistem pengaman alat dengan pemberitahuan suara buzzer dan pesan singkat di android. Metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan agar berhasil membuat alat pembasmi hama tanaman padi otomatis menggunakan tegangan kejut listrik dimulai dari perancangan hardware kemudian pengumpulan data dan melakukan penelitian dengan menguji coba alat di sawah untuk melihat keefektifan alat. Pada perancangan ini, mikrokontroler Atmega 328 Arduino UNO digunakan sebagai pusat pengendali sistem, sensor LDR digunakan sebagai pengganti sakelar lampu DC dimalam hari untuk membuat hama mendekat sesuai dengan karakteristiknya yang tertarik dengan cahaya, kemudian tegangan kejut listrik akan aktif setiap 1 menit untuk menyengat hama yang menempel pada jaring kawat yang sudah dibuat, sensor getar sw-420 digunakan untuk mengaktifkan modul GSM dan buzzer ketika seseorang mencuri alat yang sudah terpasang di sawah. Pemrograman menggunakan software Arduino IDE. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian selama 3 hari, alat pembasmi hama padi ini dapat membasmi 39 hama kepik hitam, penggerek batang padi, dan walang sangit.
Penggunaan Database Mysql dengan Interface PhpMyAdmin sebagai Pengontrolan Smarthome Berbasis Raspberry Pi
Authors: Ramadhan Rizky Fajar , Mukhaiyar Riki 
Published: August 2021

Penggunaan Smarthome pada masa modern seperti ini sangat efisien untuk mengendalikan perangkat dan alat-alat rumah tangga. Untuk membuat suatu pengendalian tersebut, dibutuhkan sebuah platform aplikasi sebagai jembatan untuk mengakses sistem yang telah dirancang pada Smarthome tersebut. Dalam penggunaanya database tersebut memerlukan server untuk menyimpan data, dimana server tersebut harus disewa perbulannya dan mengeluarkan biaya yang besar. Maka dari itu sistem penggunaan database MySQL dengan menggunakan Raspberry Pi sebagai server utama. Dimana Raspberry Pi yang digunakan akan diatur untuk menjadi server publik sehingga bisa diakses secara bebas melalui perangkat yang tersambung dengan internet dimanapun user berada, pengaksesan database ini hanya menggunakan dns public dengan interface phpMyAdmin pada web browser contohnya: raspibroker.ddns.net/phpMyAdmin. Hasilnya penggunaan database tersebut tidak perlu penyewaan server agar bias diakses oleh user melalui perangkat yang memiliki akses internet karena penggunaan server telah diatasi melalui pembuatan server public menggunakan Raspberry Pi, selain memudahkan user dalam mengakses system penggunaan server public dari Raspberry Pi juga menghemat dana.
Perancangan Monitoring Robot Kiper Melalui Access Point Sebagai Media Kendali Robot
Authors: Habibie Ey Afif , Muskhir Mukhlidi 
Published: August 2021

seiring berjalan waktu perkembangan teknologi semakin maju yang sebelumnya pengendalian robot dilakukan secara manual yang membuat membuat pergerakan robot menjadi tidak fleksibel dan tidak relevan lagi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut.dengan cara membuat suatu sistem kontrol pergerakan otomatis. Base station aplikasi yang berguna menghubungkan robot dengan komputer pengendali atau disebut dengan Referee Box. Komputer Referee Box sebagai server bagi base station dan base station sebagai server bagi robot.yang mana pengiriman data dilakukan secara end to end.yang mana pengiriman data di implementasikan secara langsung ke robot. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian pengiriman informasi dari Referee Box ke Base Station menggunakan kabel LAN, dimana pengiriman data dari Base Station ke robot dilakukan secara wireless dan perintah akan dilakukan dalam bentuk pergerakan robot. Hasil pengujian berupa aplikasi yang dapat digunakan sebagai media komunikasi dan monitoring robot yang dilakukan secara realtime.
The legal nature of reforming the modern electoral system of Ukraine: advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Saray R.D. 
Published: August 2021

This article reveals the content of the main transformation processes that have taken place in recent years in the electoral process of Ukraine, including the abolition of "self-nomination" of candidates, abolition of mixed electoral system in parliamentary elections, study of the legal nature of the "single permanent vote". , regulation of the issue of cash collateral, delimitation of the concepts of "registered place of residence" and "actual place of residence", limitation of election funds for candidates for President of Ukraine, etc. Changes in the sphere of presidential, parliamentary and local self-government elections are outlined. The main preconditions for the development and adoption of the Electoral Code of Ukraine and its role for the further functioning of electoral law mechanisms are indicated.
The result of the consolidation of all normative legal acts regulating election procedures in Ukraine into a single codified legislative act in order to unify the regulation of the preparation and conduct of elections in Ukraine is analyzed.
The main directions of further development and improvement of the election legislation of Ukraine are studied, including: introduction of an effective system of legal liability for violation of election legislation, proper determination of sanctions for violation of citizens' election rights, assistance in increasing the personnel potential of election commission members and quality control. and integrity of the Central Election Commission, prohibition of amendments to the main provisions of the election law in the period of one year before the election process, regulation of election campaigning on social networks, elimination of problems in the field of transparency of election campaign financing, inclusion of relevant data in the voter list. to it, information and educational campaigns for voters, etc.
The adoption of the Electoral Code of Ukraine has laid a solid foundation for a transparent, democratic and effective electoral process, following the basic principles and ideas of European integration policy and the policy of developed countries.
Positive legal responsibility: general theoretical characteristics
Authors: Dashkovskaya O.R. , Yavorsky V.O. , Bezsonova K.D. 
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the concept of "positive legal responsibility". Its relationship with the term "responsibility" is established, the ratio of social and legal responsibility is considered. The relationship between the philosophical and moral meaning of the concept of "responsibility" is defined. Emphasis is placed on the need to define legal liability through the main objectives and principles of law, the practice of application and interpretation of the legal content of liability.
The existence of positive and negative aspects of legal responsibility in modern legal science is outlined. The positive aspect of legal responsibility as a type of legal responsibility, which is a reaction of the state and society to socially useful action, is considered. The main types of legal incentives are identified. The most common signs of positive legal responsibility are outlined.
The negative aspect of legal liability is considered. The basic approaches to its understanding are defined, the basic signs are outlined. It is noted that negative legal liability is considered a means of guaranteeing the rights and freedoms of citizens. It is determined that in the mechanism of legal regulation measures of positive legal responsibility act as means of social control over the behavior of participants in public relations, ensuring mutual coherence of their actions.
Positive legal liability is aimed at reducing the manifestations of illegal behavior by stimulating the subjects of legal relations to implement socially useful behavior through various incentives and is characterized by the following features: associated with the provision of additional rights to the person; occurs for the implementation of certain desired behavior; established in incentive legal norms; is a means of stimulating subjects to commit lawful acts; sold voluntarily.
It is established that positive legal responsibility is a voluntary form of realization of legal responsibility, it is a legal obligation of the subject of responsibility to act according to requirements of legal norms which is realized in its lawful behavior.
Forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces of Ukraine
Authors: Degtyarev D.O. 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the article is to define the concept and types of forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces. Three aspects are identified in which the forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces can be considered: 1) the activity aspect, according to which the form of control acts as a complex of actions of its subjects; 2) the analytical aspect, according to which the form of control has its integral element of collecting, highlighting information and data on the controlled object, comparing them with each other, de-termining the patterns and trends inherent in the functioning of the controlled object, modeling the state of the controlled object in the future, depending on the applied management decisions; 3) the organizational aspect, according to which the form of control is a way of organizing the activity of the subjects of control and the con-nections between them. Each of these aspects of the form of control is necessary for the effective implementation of control activities.
The definitions of the forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces as united by a single goal, carried out in accordance with the powers of the subjects of control defined in the acts of military legislation, are formulated for a complex of organizational and analytical measures aimed at achieving the goal of control.It was found that the forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces should be attributed to the pub-lication of public information, the activities of temporary commissions of inquiry, internal audit, external financial control (audit), judicial control, scientific and applied (for example, sociological) research aimed at determining the actual state of control objects. The validity of classifying official investigations, inquiries and pre-trial investigations forms of democratic civil control raises doubts, taking into account the provisions of paragraph 2 of part 1 of arti-cle 1 of the Law of Ukraine “On National Security of Ukraine”, which defines an exhaustive list of types of control.An analysis of the essence and features of the forms of democratic civilian control over the defense forces allows us to make sure that these forms are inherently connected with the content of this control and are determined by the legal status of its subjects. At the same time, the forms of control can be classified by content, by subjects, by legal consequences for objects of control, as well as by timing.
Historical development of administrative responsibility for bullying (harassment) in Ukraine
Authors: Prikhodko M.V. 
Published: August 2021

The article examines the historical development of administrative liability for bullying in Ukraine. The historical and legal literature on the genesis of administrative responsibility for violence against children, including bullying, is considered and analyzed. It has been established that child abuse has been present in all historical times, but at certain intervals it was considered the norm and accepted by society as appropriate behavior. Attitudes toward chil-dren in primitive, slave-owning, and feudal societies were cruel. They were beaten, sacrificed, sold into slavery, or simply left to die. The legal norms were only of a “recommendatory” nature, and sanctions were not applied or were applied only in the case of the murder of a child. The situation of children in the XVIII-XIX centuries. improved, but limited to parental authority. During this period, administrative liability is applied to certain illegal acts against children. The period of the XX - XXI centuries. can be considered - the “century of recognition of childhood”, be-cause a number of regulations - legal acts, which confirmed that childhood - a priority value of the state. From 2018, Ukraine provides for administrative liability for bullying.
By analyzing the source base, the historical periods of the genesis of administrative responsibility for bullying in Ukraine are highlighted, which is presented as follows:stage 1 - the 16th century initial (the rules of law governing the treatment of a child were of a recommendato-ry nature, and therefore liability for their violation was not provided).Stage 2 - XVII - XIX centuries weakening (weakening of abuse of the child, strengthening of its rights, however, in the specified period the responsibility for violence against the child, including bullying was not applied).Stage 3 - XX century. legislative (ratification of in-ternational treaties and the adoption by Ukraine of regulations governing and protecting the rights of the child; the introduction of administrative liability for violations of the rights of the latter).Stage 4 - XXI century. modernized (legislative consolidation of administrative responsibility for bullying in Ukraine).It is concluded that the history of mankind is permeated through the prism of cruelty to children and among them and emphasizes that there have always been ways to prevent this phenomenon and Ukraine has taken a big step towards combating bullying by introducing appropriate legal liability , including administrative.
Establishment of international standards in the field of environmental pro- tection and their impact on modern legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Brenzovich Z.S. , Onufriy S.A. 
Published: August 2021

The article examines the formation of international standards in the field of environmental protection, as well as clarifying their impact on modern environmental legislation of Ukraine.
It is established that the issue of the need to protect the environment has been actively discussed at the interna-tional level since the middle of the twentieth century. The first international environmental organization was found-ed in October 1948 in France (International Union for Conservation of Nature), which still operates today.It was found that although international instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms do not contain provisions on environ-mental rights, there is still a human right to a standard of living that supports its health. It is from the standpoint of the right to life, the right to health and the right to information that the ECtHR deals with matters concerning a safe environment for humans.It is substantiated that special international acts in the field of environmental protection began to be adopted in the 70s of the last century (including: Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Discharges and Other Materials, International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, Convention on Transboundary Air Pollution distance, the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was adopted, the European Charter on Environment and Public Health, the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazard-ous Wastes and Their Disposal, the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context, etc.).These international acts have influenced the formation of legislation in the field of environmental protection of independent Ukraine, especially on the example of acts adopted in 2017-2020. The proposal of scientists on the need to adopt a new systematized act in Ukraine, in particular the Environmental Code, has been studied.It is substantiated that when reforming the environmental legislation of Ukraine it is necessary to pay special attention to the requirements of the Association Agreement with the EU, namely to implement the provisions of a number of Regulations and directives of the European Union.
Legal status and labor legal entity in the science of labor law
Authors: Markin A. , Timchenko L. 
Published: August 2021

The article is de-voted to the category of legal status and labor legal personality in the science of labor law, represents the ratio of the terms “person” and “personality”. Legal personality is a fundamental legal category because it determines the ability of a person to own the law. Legal personality is a developing legal property that reflects the specifics of social relations, the peculiarities of socio-economic formation, determine the place of the individual in society as a whole, and the field of a particular branch of law in particular. The realities of a market economy objectively necessitate a clear definition of legal personality as a fundamental legal category in the field of labor law to ensure the priority of contractual regulation of legal relations on the use of hired labor and, at the same time, effective implementation of the protective function of labor law. The author singles out three types of legal status: general (single) legal status for all citizens of our state; general status for all employees (employees); special or special status for certain categories of workers.Legal status is one of the central concepts of modern legal science, it was developed by many scholars of both the Soviet and modern periods.
The author substantiates that the key elements of the legal status of the employee in labor relations are his legal personality. Particular attention is paid to the structure of the legal personality of the employee. It is proved that the legal capacity and capacity of the employee are the only indivisible phenomenon - legal personality. Substantiations are presented that the second necessary element of the legal personality of the employee is the ability to work. The current legal and legal status of the individual in almost the entire post-Soviet space is characterized by such features as extreme instability, weak legal protection, lack of reliable guarantee mechanisms, the inability of state authorities to effectively ensure the interests of citizens, their right to life, freedom, honor, dignity, property, security, equality, social justice and more.
Quality Management for Leather Industry to Increase Competitiveness in the Global Market
Authors: Irjayanti Maya , Azis Anton Mulyono 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Indonesian government is targeting leather products, especially from West Java to become one of the export commodities that will encourage national economic growth. The existence of a leather industry particularly in the city of Garut has attracted many Indonesian researchers over the years to investigate the condition through many fields of research. However, the latest research identified several barriers related to the leather business development in Garut city, which was related to the optimization ratio of its performance and product quality. This study aimed to design a quality management model and key performance indicators to make this sector competitive in the global market. The research method used was inductive with a qualitative approach and a constructivist grounded theory in developing a quality management model. Theoretical and snowball sampling was chosen in identifying potential participants. The findings of this study contribute to the knowledge and practice of quality management models with key performance indicators that can be used to measure current conditions as a foundation for future improvement in the leather industry to produce competitive products that meet global standard. KPIs were formulated with certain criteria and should be applied by business actors.
Bureaucracy and Leadership Must Align with Circumstances
Authors: Spano Dominick 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The concepts of bureaucracy and leadership must align with the circumstances in the public or private sectors to be optimal in any given situation. This paper will grant readers with a deep dive into this concept. More specifically, this paper will compare bureaucracy, leadership, and groupthink by using author’s experiences in two private banking organizations and one public bureau. The purpose of this paper is to persuade readers that these frameworks can be auspicious, but only under the appropriate conditions.
Access to Covid-19 Vaccine: Patents vs. People?
Authors: Mešević Iza Razija 
Published: August 2021

Summary
The article is looking into the issue of global equitable access to Covid-19 vaccines from the perspective of intellectual property rights, in particular patents. The discussed topics include instruments that could potentially facilitate access to patent protected health technologies (Covid-19 vaccines). Some of them are non-voluntary in nature, like the compulsory licenses in accordance with the TRIPS Agreement and others rely on the voluntary participation of the pharmaceutical industry, such as the C-TAP and the Medicines Patent Pool. The article also explores the controversial initiative regarding an “intellectual property waiver” proposed by a number of WTO members.