bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The characteristics and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection: an outpatient population-based study in Changsha, Hunan
Authors: Gao Bingsi , Liou Yu-Ligh , Yu Yang , Zou Lingxiao , Li Waixing , Huang Huan , Zhang Aiqian , Xu Dabao , Zhao Xingping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of cervical HPV infection in Changsha area and explored the influence of Candida vaginitis on this infection. From 11 August 2017 to 11 September 2018, 12,628 outpatient participants ranged from 19 to 84 years old were enrolled and analyzed. HPV DNA was amplified and tested by HPV GenoArray Test Kit. The vaginal ecology was detected by microscopic and biochemistry examinations. The diagnosis of Candida vaginitis was based on microscopic examination (spores, and/or hypha) and biochemical testing (galactosidase) for vaginal discharge by experts. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed by t-tests and by Chi-square tests, respectively. HPV infection risk factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Of the total number of participants, 1753 were infected with HPV (13.88%). Females aged ≥ 40 to < 50 years constituted the largest population of HPV-infected females (31.26%). The top 5 HPV subtypes affecting this population of 1753 infected females were the following: HPV-52 (28.01%), HPV-58 (14.83%), CP8304 (11.47%), HPV-53 (10.84%), and HPV-39 (9.64%). Age (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1–1.01; P < 0.05) and alcohol consumption (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.09–1.56; P < 0.01) were found to be risk factors for HPV infection. However, the presence of Candida in the vaginal flora was found to be a protective factor against HPV infection (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48–0.8; P < 0.001). Comparing with our previous study of 2016, we conclude that the subtype distribution of HPV infection is relatively constant in Changsha. Our data suggest a negative correlation between vaginal Candida and HPV, however, more radical HPV management is required in this area for perimenopausal women and those who regularly consume alcohol.
Population-based retrospective cohort study on risk of age-related macular degeneration in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Bair Pei-Jane , Hsia Ning-Yi , Lin Cheng-Li , Yang Yu-Cih , Shen Te-Chun , Li Chi‐Yuan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are both common diseases of the elderly people. COPD induced systemic inflammation and hypoxia may have an impact on the development of AMD. This study investigated the possible association between COPD and subsequent risk of AMD. A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on the data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The COPD cohort comprised 24,625 adult patients newly diagnosed during 2000–2012, whereas age-, gender-, and the year of diagnosis-matched non-COPD cohort comprised 49,250 individuals. Incident AMD was monitored to the end of 2013. A Cox proportional hazards model was applied to evaluate the risk of AMD. The COPD cohort showed 1.25 times higher AMD incidence than the non-COPD cohort (4.80 versus 3.83 per 1000 person-years, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.20 [95% confident interval (CI) = 1.10–1.32]). Stratified analyses for age, gender, and presence of comorbidity resulted in significant adjusted HRs in most subgroups. Further analysis revealed that the COPD group had an increased risk of both the exudative and non-exudative types of AMD (adjusted HRs = 1.49 [95% CI = 1.13–1.96] and 1.15 [95% CI = 1.05–1.26], respectively). COPD patients have an increased risk for AMD development. Clinicians should provide adequate care for the ocular health to these patients.
Viscous flow between two sinusoidally deforming curved concentric tubes: advances in endoscopy
Authors: McCash L. B. , Akhtar Salman , Nadeem Sohail , Saleem Salman , Issakhov Alibek 
Published: July 2021

AbstractViscous flow between two sinusoidally deforming curved concentric tubes is mathematically investigated for the first time. Exact solutions are computed to analyse the flow between these two tubes and graphical outcomes are included for a thorough analysis of the solutions. The present article has prime applications in endoscopy as a novel peristaltic endoscope is introduced first time for a curved sinusoidal tube. This curved nature of outer sinusoidal tube with a flexible peristaltic endoscope placed inside it covers the topic of practical applications like endoscopy of human organs having curved shapes and the maintenance of complex machineries that involve complex curve structures. The usage of a flexible peristaltic endoscope inside a curved sinusoidal tube makes the process of catheterization more comfortable.
Bayesian multi-source regression and monocyte-associated gene expression predict BCL-2 inhibitor resistance in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: White Brian S. , Khan Suleiman A. , Mason Mike J. , Ammad-ud-din Muhammad , Potdar Swapnil , Malani Disha , Kuusanmäki Heikki , Druker Brian J. , Heckman Caroline , Kallioniemi Olli , Kurtz Stephen E. , Porkka Kimmo , Tognon Cristina E. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Aittokallio Tero , Wennerberg Krister , Guinney Justin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe FDA recently approved eight targeted therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), including the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax. Maximizing efficacy of these treatments requires refining patient selection. To this end, we analyzed two recent AML studies profiling the gene expression and ex vivo drug response of primary patient samples. We find that ex vivo samples often exhibit a general sensitivity to (any) drug exposure, independent of drug target. We observe that this “general response across drugs” (GRD) is associated with FLT3-ITD mutations, clinical response to standard induction chemotherapy, and overall survival. Further, incorporating GRD into expression-based regression models trained on one of the studies improved their performance in predicting ex vivo response in the second study, thus signifying its relevance to precision oncology efforts. We find that venetoclax response is independent of GRD but instead show that it is linked to expression of monocyte-associated genes by developing and applying a multi-source Bayesian regression approach. The method shares information across studies to robustly identify biomarkers of drug response and is broadly applicable in integrative analyses.
Inhibition of lung tumorigenesis by a small molecule CA170 targeting the immune checkpoint protein VISTA
Authors: Pan Jing , Chen Yao , Zhang Qi , Khatun Achia , Palen Katie , Xin Gang , Wang Li , Yang Chuanjia , Johnson Bryon D. , Myers Charles R. , Sei Shizuko , Shoemaker Robert H. , Lubet Ronald A. , Wang Yian , Cui Weiguo , You Ming 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExpressed on cells of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages, V-domain Ig Suppressor of T cell Activation (VISTA) is an emerging target for cancer immunotherapy. Blocking VISTA activates both innate and adaptive immunity to eradicate tumors in mice. Using a tripeptide small molecule antagonist of VISTA CA170, we found that it exhibited potent anticancer efficacy on carcinogen-induced mouse lung tumorigenesis. Remarkably, lung tumor development was almost completely suppressed when CA170 was combined with an MHCII-directed KRAS peptide vaccine. Flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that CA170 increased CD8+ T cell infiltration and enhanced their effector functions by decreasing the tumor infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Regulatory T (Treg) cells, while the Kras vaccine primarily induced expansion of CD4+ effector T cells. VISTA antagonism by CA170 revealed strong efficacy against lung tumorigenesis with broad immunoregulatory functions that influence effector, memory and regulatory T cells, and drives an adaptive T cell tumor-specific immune response that enhances the efficacy of the KRAS vaccine.
Silencing the G-protein coupled receptor 3-salt inducible kinase 2 pathway promotes human β cell proliferation
Authors: Iorio Caterina , Rourke Jillian L. , Wells Lisa , Sakamaki Jun-Ichi , Moon Emily , Hu Queenie , Kin Tatsuya , Screaton Robert A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLoss of pancreatic β cells is the hallmark of type 1 diabetes, for which provision of insulin is the standard of care. While regenerative and stem cell therapies hold the promise of generating single-source or host-matched tissue to obviate immune-mediated complications, these will still require surgical intervention and immunosuppression. Here we report the development of a high-throughput RNAi screening approach to identify upstream pathways that regulate adult human β cell quiescence and demonstrate in a screen of the GPCRome that silencing G-protein coupled receptor 3 (GPR3) leads to human pancreatic β cell proliferation. Loss of GPR3 leads to activation of Salt Inducible Kinase 2 (SIK2), which is necessary and sufficient to drive cell cycle entry, increase β cell mass, and enhance insulin secretion in mice. Taken together, our data show that targeting the GPR3-SIK2 pathway is a potential strategy to stimulate the regeneration of β cells.
Chemical stability of hydrogen boride nanosheets in water
Authors: Rojas Kurt Irvin M. , Cuong Nguyen Thanh , Nishino Hiroaki , Ishibiki Ryota , Ito Shin-ichi , Miyauchi Masahiro , Fujimoto Yoshitaka , Tominaka Satoshi , Okada Susumu , Hosono Hideo , Arboleda Nelson B. , Kondo Takahiro , Morikawa Yoshitada , Hamada Ikutaro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBoron-based two-dimensional materials are of interest for use in electronic devices and catalytic applications, for which it is important that they are chemically stable. Here, we explore the chemical stability of hydrogen boride nanosheets in water. Experiments reveal that mixing hydrogen boride and water produces negligible amounts of hydrogen, suggesting that hydrolysis does not occur and that hydrogen boride is stable in water, which is in contrast to most boron hydride materials. First-principles calculations reveal that the sheets interact weakly with water even in the presence of defects and that negatively charged boron prevents the onset of hydrolysis. We conclude that the charge state of boron and the covalent boron-boron bond network are responsible for the chemical and structural stability. On the other hand, we found that proton exchange with hydrogen boride nanosheets does occur in water, indicating that they become acidic in the presence of water.
Intensivtherapie bei Schwangerer mit irreversiblem Hirnfunktionsausfall
Authors: Kredel Markus , Reinhold Ann-Kristin , Wirbelauer Johannes , Muellges Wolfgang , Kunze Ekkehard , Rehn Monika , Wöckel Achim , Lassmann Michael , Markus Christian K. , Meybohm Patrick , Kranke Peter 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungEine 29-jährige Frau erlitt durch einen Verkehrsunfall ein schweres Schädel-Hirn-Trauma mit im Verlauf infauster zerebraler Prognose. Es stellte sich heraus, dass die Patientin in der 9. Woche schwanger war. Nach Diagnose eines irreversiblen Hirnfunktionsausfalls in der 10. Schwangerschaftswoche (SSW) wurde die Patientin für insgesamt 5 Monate intensivmedizinisch weiterbehandelt bis zur assistierten vaginalen Entbindung eines gesunden Kindes auf der Intensivstation in der 31. SSW. Im Anschluss erfolgte, gemäß dem mutmaßlichen Willen der Patientin, eine Multiorganentnahme bei der Mutter. Der Artikel stellt die Details der intensivmedizinischen Therapie dar und diskutiert die notwendigen medizinischen Maßnahmen. Diese Maßnahmen dienten in erster Linie der Erhaltung der Schwangerschaft und Förderung einer gesunden Entwicklung mit dem Ziel der Entbindung des Fetus, erst in zweiter Linie der organerhaltenden Therapie mit dem Ziel der Organspende. Notwendig waren Maßnahmen zur Erhaltung der Vitalfunktionen, Elektrolythomöostase, Ernährung, Behandlung von Infektionen, Vermeidung fruchtschädigender Einflüsse, Substitution von Hormonen und Vitaminen und die Vorbereitung einer geplanten oder ungeplanten Entbindung.
Infektionsprävention in der Intensivmedizin
Authors: Schulz-Stübner Sebastian 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungIntensivpatienten haben aufgrund ihrer Grunderkrankung, häufig invasiver Behandlungstechniken und nicht selten immunsupprimierender oder Mikrobiota-verändernder Medikation ein besonders hohes Risiko, eine nosokomiale Infektion zu erleiden. 2016 waren dies laut European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control 8,4% aller Patienten, die länger als 2 Tage intensivmedizinisch betreut wurden 1. Der Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über wichtige Konzepte und Maßnahmen zur Infektionsprävention auf der Intensivstation.
e-Learning: An Uphill to Reshaping Learning in Dentistry in India in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Dsouza Teena Sheethal , Hegde Mithra N. , Pais Kelvin Peter 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe sudden outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has compelled universities worldwide to implement strategies for resuming academic courses by transferring some courses to a virtual modality. e-Learning has provided an excellent platform for education during this crisis. This review article discusses the various aspects of e-learning process that have to be considered before implementation, and the strengths and flaws of online education during this pandemic. It also sheds light on the necessary actions required to enhance the efficiency of e-learning in the future.
A Relapsing Immune Thrombocytopenia Case in a Patient Following COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Tel Burcin Meryem Atak , Kahveci Gizem , Duman Tuba Taslamacioglu , Kurtkulagi Özge , Bilgin Satilmis , Senturk Hilal , Akin Havva , Aktas Gulali 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere are several vaccines developed against COVID-19 infection. Inactivated viral vaccines are usually well tolerated. We aimed to present a relapsing immune thrombocytopenia case following inactive COVID-19 vaccine. Here we report a case of relapsing immune thrombocytopenia following inactivated viral vaccine against COVID-19 in a 60-year-old woman with a history of immune thrombocytopenia. The patient responded well to dexamethasone treatment and was discharged from the hospital with full recovery. We suggest that physicians seek the history of a recent inactivate COVID-19 vaccine shot in patients with immune thrombocytopenia.
Identification of a Homozygous Deletion within FGD4 in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4H Family by Exome Sequencing
Authors: Yarar Coskun , Bas Hasan , Celik Gokalp , Cilingir Oguz , Carman Kursat Bora , Artan Sevilhan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCharcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous peripheral neuropathies by causing distal muscle weakness, sensory impairment, hyporeflexia, and skeletal deformities. Both of sequence and copy number variations (CNVs) of over 80 genes have been described in CMT patients so far, and FGD4 variants are among the uncommon causes of the disease. In this article, we present four siblings with early-onset CMT, who were found to carry a novel homozygous deletion within FGD4 gene by exome sequencing. Since CNVs of CMT-related genes other than PMP22 have been rarely described in literature and they are prone to be overlooked by next generation sequencing, this report confirms the importance of paying additional attention to these variants to increase diagnostic yield in CMT.
Polarization and spatial mode dependent four-wave mixing in a 4H-silicon carbide microring resonator
Authors: Shi Xiaodong , Fan Weichen , Lu Yaoqin , Hansen Anders Kragh , Chi Mingjun , Yi Ailun , Ou Xin , Rottwitt Karsten , Ou Haiyan 
Published: July 2021

We report four-wave mixing with different polarization and spatial modes in a single 4H-silicon carbide photonic device. Our device shows great potential to perform high-dimensional multiplexing for optical communication and high-dimensional entanglement in quantum networks. We use a polarization-insensitive grating coupler and a multimode microring resonator that supports three polarization and spatial mode resonances. Finally, we show the polarization dependence of the third-order nonlinearity of 4H-silicon carbide. The measured nonlinear refractive index of the light polarized along the extraordinary axis, which is n2,TM = (13.1 ± 0.7) × 10−19 m2/W, is twice as large as that of the light polarized along the ordinary plane, n2,TE = (7.0 ± 0.3) × 10−19 m2/W, indicating that the extraordinary polarization is more efficient for nonlinear experiments in the 4H-silicon carbide integrated platforms as compared to the ordinary polarization.
Long-term diagnostic technology for the monitoring of continuous welded rail on curves in a cold area
Authors: Cui Rixin , Gao Liang , Ye Jun , Zhang Xiangmin 
Published: July 2021

In cold areas where the annual rail temperature difference can exceed 90 °C, continuous welded rails (CWRs) on small-radius curves are more likely to buckle or distort owing to the large radial temperature force and large lateral deformation of the rails. To facilitate safe operation of trains in cold areas, a magnetostrictive displacement measurement technique was used to measure the lateral displacement of CWRs in this study. Then, a long-term monitoring system, including a sensor subsystem, a data acquisition and transmission subsystem, and a data analysis and management subsystem, was established for the monitoring of CWRs on small-radius curves and applied in a field test. One year of continuous observation results showed that this monitoring system could effectively realize the functions of real-time acquisition, wireless transmission, and data storage in a cold climate. The collection and analysis of these observation data, including the air temperature, rail temperature, and lateral displacement of the rail, can be further applied for the stability prediction of CWRs on small-radius curves.
Source constructions as a key to alignment change
Authors: Noorlander Paul M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlignment patterns in the Eastern varieties of modern Aramaic varieties are generally said to originate in an ergative source construction based on the so-called ‘passive’ participleqṭīl- ‘killed’ and the prepositionl- where ergative person markers gradually extended to all intransitive predicates. While various source constructions have been suggested, this article demonstrates that most explanatory power and scope for the complex historical background of the alignment microvariation in Neo-Aramaic is offered by the typology of resultatives. There was instability from the beginning due to the versatile nature of resultatives and the increasing polyfunctionality of the prepositionl-. This, in turn, indicates that the suggested source constructions for ergative alignment need not be mutually exclusive. Moreover, this also points to ergativity as merely one among several outcomes rather than the original source.
Syntactic conditions on accusative to ergative alignment change in Austronesian languages
Authors: Aldridge Edith 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper develops the proposal put forth by Aldridge (2015, 2016) for the emergence of ergative alignment in a first-order subgroup of the Austronesian family. I first provide new evidence for reconstructing Proto-Austronesian (PAn) as accusative rather than ergative. I then propose a significantly revised approach to Aldridge’s proposed reanalysis. On the basis of evidence from Tsou, I propose that the reanalysis took place in biclausal constructions embedded under motion or locative verbs. Since such biclausal constructions are contexts for restructuring, no accusative case is available for an object. This forced objects which needed structural licensing to value nominative case with T. I additionally show that subjects were assigned inherent non-nominative case in PAn when objects needed to enter into Agree with T, as when valuing nominative case. These conditions yielded a new ergative clause type in a daughter of PAn, which Aldridge (2015,2016) calls “Proto-Ergative Austronesian”. No change took place in clauses lacking an object needing structural licensing. Consequently, subjects in intransitive clauses and transitive clauses with indefinite objects continued to surface with nominative case, yielding the type of ergative alignment prevalent in Formosan and Philippine languages today.
Alignment shift as functional markedness reversal
Authors: Janic Katarzyna , Hemmings Charlotte 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we propose treating alignment shift as a process of functional markedness reversal in the domain of semantically transitive constructions. We illustrate how this approach allows us to capture similarities between the alignment shifts in Eskimo-Aleut and Western Austronesian languages, despite morphosyntactic differences in their voice systems. Using three diagnostics of functional markedness (semantic transitivity, topic continuity of P, and discourse frequency), we compare antipassive and ergative constructions in Eskimo-Aleut varieties and actor voice (av) and undergoer voice (uv) constructions in Western Austronesian varieties. We argue that ergative alignment is equivalent to a functionally unmarked P-prominent construction (e.g., ergative,uv), whilst accusative alignment is equivalent to a functionally unmarked A-prominent construction (e.g., antipassive,av). On this basis, we claim that both language groups are undergoing a parallel shift from ergative to accusative, since A-prominent constructions are functionally marked in more conservative varieties, but lose their functionally marked character and begin to function as unmarked transitive constructions in more innovative varieties.
Regulatory Variation within 3’UTR of STAT5A Correlates with Sudden Cardiac Death in Chinese Populations
Authors: Yu Huan , Guo Yadong , Yang Zhenzhen , Zhang Qing , Xu Jiabin , Yang Qi , Qu Yiling , Tan Rui , Li Lijuan , He Yan , Li Chengtao , Zhang Suhua , Luo Bin , Gao Yuzhen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDefinitive diagnosis to sudden cardiac death (SCD) is often challenging since the postmortem examination on SCD victims could hardly demonstrate an adequate cause of death. It is therefore important to uncover the inherited risk component to SCD. Signal transducer and activators of transcription 5 A (STAT5A) is a member of the STAT family and a transcription factor that is activated by many cell ligands and associated with various cardiovascular processes. In this study, we performed a systematic variant screening on the STAT5A to filter potential functional genetic variations. Based on the screening results, an insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs3833144) in 3’UTR of STAT5A was selected as the candidate variant. A total of 159 SCD cases and 668 SCD matched healthy controls was enrolled to perform a case-control study and evaluate the association between rs3833144 and SCD susceptibility in Chinese populations. Logistic regression analysis showed that the deletion allele of rs3833144 had significantly increased the SCD risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18–2.01; P = 0.000955). Further genotype-expression eQTL analysis showed that samples with deletion allele appeared to lower expression of STAT5A, and in silico prediction suggested the local 3 D structure changes of STAT5A mRNA caused by the variant. On the other hand, the bioinformatic analysis presented that promoters of RARA and PTGES3L-AARSD1 could interact with rs3833144, and eQTL analysis showed the higher expression of both genes in samples with deletion allele. Dual-luciferase activity assays also suggested the significant regulatory role of rs3833144 in gene transcription. Our current data thus suggested a possible involvement of rs3833144 to SCD predisposition in Chinese populations and rs3833144 with potential function roles may become a candidate marker for SCD diagnosis and prevention.