bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep, morning alertness and quality of life in subjects treated with zopiclone and in good sleepers. Study comparing 167 patients and 381 good sleepers
Authors: Léger D , Janus C , Pellois A , Quera-Salva MA , Dreyfus JP 
Published: July 2002

SummaryFrom 20,000 households regularly surveyed by a national survey institute (Sofres), two groups were selected and questioned (using a 23-item questionnaire) about sleep vigilance and quality of life. The first group was composed of insomniacs using zopiclone for the last 12 months and no other CNS treatments (167 subjects). The second group was composed of 381 “good sleepers” selected as having no or occasionally one sleep disturbance in the last 12 months. No difference was found between the two groups in average total sleep time. Sleep disturbances were statistically equal in the two groups except for difficulties in initiating sleep which is more present for zopiclone users (13% vs 3%). Vigilance was mostly comparable in both groups.Five aspects of quality of life explored by the questionnaires (the professional, relational and sentimental, domestic, leisure and safety aspects) appeared to be comparable in the two groups.
Reusable Energy‐Absorbing Architected Materials Harnessing Snapping‐Back Buckling of Wide Hyperelastic Columns
Authors: Chen Yuzhen , Jin Lihua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA new class of reusable energy‐absorbing architected material is developed by harnessing the snapping‐back buckling of wide hyperelastic columns. Subjected to an axial compression, a wide hyperelastic column can discontinuously buckle, snapping from one stable equilibrium state to another, leading to energy dissipation, while upon unloading, it can completely recover its undeformed state. Making use of this property, an energy‐absorbing architected material is designed by stacking layers of wide hyperelastic columns, and it is fabricated by multi‐material 3D printing and sacrificial molding. Characterized by quasi‐static and drop tests, the material shows the capability of energy dissipation and impact force mitigation in a reusable, self‐recoverable, and rate‐independent manner. A theory is established to predict the energy‐absorbing performance of the material and the influence of the column geometry and layer number. Wide tunability of the peak force, energy dissipation, and stability of the material is further demonstrated. This work provides new design strategies for developing reusable energy‐absorbing materials and opens new opportunities for improving their energy dissipation capacities.
Homogeneous Li+ Flux Distribution Enables Highly Stable and Temperature‐Tolerant Lithium Anode
Authors: Fan Chao‐Ying , Xie Dan , Zhang Xiao‐Hua , Diao Wan‐Yue , Jiang Ru , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: June 2021

Abstract3D carbon hosts can enable low‐stress Li metal anodes (LMAs) with improved structural and interfacial stability. However, the uneven Li+ flux and large concentration polarization, resulting from intrinsically poor Li affinity and limited porosity of carbon scaffolds, make the precise control of Li plating/stripping still one the key challenges facing advanced LMAs. Here it is demonstrated that a lightweight carbon scaffold, featuring parallel‐aligned porous fibers, can work well for homogeneous Li+ flux distribution and reduced concentration gradient to form a stable solid electrolyte interphase, and then synergistically guide smooth Li nucleation/growth even at low temperatures. As a result, the obtained LMAs delivers a high areal capacity up to 15 mAh cm−2, ultralong lifespan (4800 cycles at 4 mA cm−2) with very low voltage hysteresis of ≈21 mV, a high practically available specific capacity of 863.9 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles, and a long‐term stable behavior at low‐temperature operation. As coupling with the commercial LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathodes and common carbonate‐based electrolyte, the corresponding practical cells also possess an ultralong lifespan and outstanding low‐temperature functionality. This study not only presents an advanced carbon host candidate but also sheds new light on crucial design principles of carbon scaffolds for practically feasible rechargeable metal batteries.
Electrochemical analyses ofZrO2dispersoid incorporated poly (styrene‐methyl methacrylate) blend gel electrolytes for lithium‐ion battery
Authors: Ramachandran Murugesan , Subadevi Rengapillai , Rajkumar Palanisamy , Muthupradeepa Rajendran , Sivakumar Marimuthu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractZirconium oxide (ZrO2) filler is successfully synthesized with spherical morphology (particle size 170 nm) by co‐precipitation technique earlier. The as‐prepared ZrO2‐(bare, 3, 6, 9, and 12 wt%) is spread into the augmented poly(styrene‐co‐ methyl methacrylate) P(S‐MMA)‐ poly vinylidene fluoride (PVdF) (25:75 of 27 wt%)‐LiClO4(8 wt%)‐ ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate (EC + PC) (1: 1 of 65 wt%) system. The solution casting technique is employed throughout the process. The structural, morphology, thermal and ionic conducting behavior of sample are examined. The highest conductivity is 1.2 × 10−2S cm−1at 303 K for P(S‐MMA)‐PVdF (25:75 of 27 wt%) LiClO4(8 wt%)‐ EC + PC (65 wt%) +6 wt% ZrO2system. The linear sweep voltammetry and the cyclic voltammetry tests are performed and the results are discussed. The optimized electrolyte is used to make the LiFePO4/CGPE/Li confined 2032 coin cell couple. It holds the discharge capacity of 144 mAh g−1at rate of 0.1 C with 88% coulombic efficiency.
Catalytic effect of alkali and alkaline earth metals on fast pyrolysis pre‐treatment of agricultural waste
Authors: Alcazar‐Ruiz Angel , Ortiz María Luz , Sanchez‐Silva Luz , Dorado Fernando 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe catalytic effect of mineral components (K, Ca, Mg and Na), after pre‐treatment by water leaching and adding NaCl, was evaluated in fast pyrolysis with the biomass of four types of agricultural waste (olive pomace, nutshell, almond shell, and pistachio shell). Water leaching proved to be effective at reducing mineral content in the raw materials, especially in terms of removing K. As a consequence, there was lower decarboxylation activity during fast pyrolysis, and a lower yield of phenolic compounds was obtained. The effect of adding NaCl was evaluated by varying its ratio in the blend (1, 3 and 5 wt%) and it promoted cracking and dehydration reactions, favoring the formation of light molecular‐weight compounds as carboxylic acids. © 2021 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Model‐based control for column‐based continuous viral inactivation of biopharmaceuticals
Authors: Hong Moo Sun , Lu Amos E. , Ou Rui Wen , Wolfrum Jacqueline M. , Springs Stacy L. , Sinskey Anthony J. , Braatz Richard D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBatch low‐pH hold is a common processing step to inactivate enveloped viruses for biologics derived from mammalian sources. Increased interest in the transition of biopharmaceutical manufacturing from batch to continuous operation resulted in numerous attempts to adapt batch low‐pH hold to continuous processing. However, control challenges with operating this system have not been directly addressed. This article describes a low‐cost, column‐based continuous viral inactivation system constructed with off‐the‐shelf components. Model‐based, reaction‐invariant pH controller is implemented to account for the nonlinearities with Bayesian estimation addressing variations in the operation. The residence time distribution is modeled as a plug flow reactor with axial dispersion in series with a continuously stirred tank reactor, and is periodically estimated during operation through inverse tracer experiments. The estimated residence time distribution quantifies the minimum residence time, which is used to adjust feed flow rates. Controller validation experiments demonstrate that pH and minimum residence time setpoint tracking and disturbance rejection are achieved with fast and accurate response and no instability. Viral inactivation testing demonstrates tight control of logarithmic reduction values over extended operation. This study provides tools for the design and operation of continuous viral inactivation systems in service of increasing productivity, improving product quality, and enhancing patient safety.
Fragment‐Based Drug Discovery for RNA Targets
Authors: Lundquist Kasper P. , Panchal Vipul , Gotfredsen Charlotte H. , Brenk Ruth , Clausen Mads H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRapid development within the fields of both fragment‐based drug discovery (FBDD) and medicinal targeting of RNA provides possibilities for combining technologies and methods in novel ways. This review provides an overview of fragment‐based screening (FBS) against RNA targets, including a discussion of the most recently used screening and hit validation methods such as NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray crystallography, and virtual screening methods. A discussion of fragment library design based on research from small‐molecule RNA binders provides an overview on both the currently limited guidelines within RNA‐targeting fragment library design, and future possibilities. Finally, future perspectives are provided on screening and hit validation methods not yet used in combination with both fragment screening and RNA targets.
Genome‐Wide Identification of DNase I Hypersensitive Sites in Plants
Authors: Wang Yankun , Wang Kai 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDNase I hypersensitive site (DHS) mapping combined with high‐throughput sequencing (DNase‐seq) enables the identification of cis‐regulatory DNA elements (CREs) genome wide. However, despite the wide applications of DNase‐seq in plants, its application to the highly repetitive genomes of plants has lagged. Here, we describe a modified DNase‐seq method, making it more practical for application to plants with genomes enriched with repetitive DNA. This approach adopts a double‐hit‐based strategy, in which small (<250‐bp) DNA fragments digested by DNase I are selected and used for sequencing library construction. Using these protocols, we have conducted DNase‐seq in plants with high content of repetitive DNA, including maize, sugarcane, and tetraploid cotton. Genome‐wide maps of DHS and CREs have been created using these DNase‐seq datasets. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Nuclei isolationBasic Protocol 2: DNase I digestionBasic Protocol 3: Target DNA isolationBasic Protocol 4: Library construction and validation
Fetal growth and spontaneous preterm birth in high‐altitude pregnancy: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression
Authors: Grant Imogen D. , Giussani Dino A. , Aiken Catherine E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the relationship between birth weight and altitude to improve health outcomes in high‐altitude populations, to systematically assess the impact of altitude on the likelihood of low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), and spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), and to estimate the magnitude of reduced birth weight associated with altitude.MethodsPubMed, OvidEMBASE, Cochrane Library, Medline, Web of Science, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched (from inception to November 11, 2020). Observational, cohort, or case‐control studies were included if they reported a high altitude (>2500 m) and appropriate control population.ResultsOf 2524 studies identified, 59 were included (n = 1 604 770 pregnancies). Data were abstracted according to PRISMA guidelines, and were pooled using random‐effects models. There are greater odds of LBW (odds ratio [OR] 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–1.62, P < 0.001), SGA (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.08–3.28, P = 0.026), and sPTB (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.04–1.47, P = 0.016) in high‐ versus low‐altitude pregnancies. Birth weight decreases by 54.7 g (±13.0 g, P < 0.0001) per 1000 m increase in altitude. Average gestational age at delivery was not significantly different.ConclusionGlobally, the likelihood of adverse perinatal outcomes, including LBW, SGA, and sPTB, increases in high‐altitude pregnancies. There is an inverse relationship between birth weight and altitude. These findings have important implications for the increasing global population living at altitudes above 2500 m.
Laser‐induced cavitation in plasmonic nanoparticle solutions: A comparative study between gold and titanium nitride
Authors: Sabzeghabae Ariana Nushin , Berrospe‐Rodriguez Carla , Mangolini Lorenzo , Aguilar Guillermo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, we present an extensive comparative study between novel titanium nitride nanoparticles (TiN NPs) and commercial gold nanorods (GNR), both dispersed in water and exposed to a pulsed laser‐induced cavitation process. The optical density, shockwave emission, and bubble formation of these solutions were investigated using shadowgraphy, spatial transmittance modulation, and acoustic measurements. TiN nanoparticle solutions exhibited high stability undser a periodic nanosecond pulsed‐laser irradiation, making these nanomaterials promising agents for high‐power applications. In addition, they demonstrated a stronger nonlinear absorption compared to the GNR solutions, and plasma formation at lower laser energies. This study advances our understanding of the optical properties of TiN and discusses significant differences compared to gold, with important implications for future applications of this material in water treatment, nonlinear signal converting, and laser‐induced cavitation for medical implementations, among others.
Estimating Abundance and Simulating Fertility Control in a Feral Burro Population
Authors: Gedir Jay V. , Cain James W. , Lubow Bruce C. , Karish Talesha , Delaney David K. , Roemer Gary W. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTOverabundant populations of feral equids are negatively affecting rangelands in the western United States. To better manage these populations, robust estimates of abundance and demographic rates and cost‐effective methods of reducing abundance are necessary. From August 2015 to April 2017, we estimated the abundance of feral burros (Equus asinus) at the Fort Irwin National Training Center (NTC; California, USA) using a double‐observer‐sightability aerial survey method; captured, radio‐collared, and inoculated female burros with porcine zona pellucida (PZP), an immunocontraceptive control agent; estimated female demographic rates; and used matrix population models to simulate how changes in demographic and PZP delivery rates would influence burro abundance. We estimated there were 690 (95% CI = 618–752) feral burros within the surveyed area, but these are part of a much larger population that is not geographically isolated from those in the survey area. Sighting probabilities ranged from 0.19–0.98 and were most strongly influenced by distance from observer and group size. We estimated age‐specific demographic rates at the NTC and compiled mean rates across burro populations in arid environments from the literature. Mean fecundity varied from 0.17 to 0.58 foals/adult female with younger females having lower fecundity. Mean survival was 0.90 for foals, 0.98 for yearlings, and 0.96 for adults. The PZP vaccine treatment strategies that suppressed fertility for up to 10 years predicted that burro abundance would be reduced by 67–88% after 15 years (compared with no treatment), but none of these strategies resulted in population extirpation. Population growth rates shifted from increasing to decreasing at adult survival rates below 0.84 and the population was predicted to become extirpated when adult survival declined to <0.60. In the absence of other methods to reduce burro numbers, our findings indicate that current formulations of PZP immunocontraception, which require multiple doses, would be inadequate for controlling population growth rates at the NTC. Our fieldwork also highlighted the difficulty of administering PZP vaccination to large, free‐ranging animals. Development of longer‐term fertility reduction agents or more efficient vaccine delivery techniques would likely improve the efficacy of fertility control for overabundant ungulate populations. Lack of geographic closure (physical barriers to migration) further complicated efforts to reduce burro numbers. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
Influence of aluminum phosphate on the tribocorrosion performance of chemically bonded phosphate ceramic coatings
Authors: Wang Jianyu , Bian Da , Liu Yaxuan , Zhao Yongwu , Tang Hao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, chemically bonded phosphate ceramic coatings (CBPCCs) with different contents of aluminum phosphate (AP) are prepared on stainless steel (AISI 304L). Differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, contact angle test, and a tribocorrosion experiment are carried out to clarify the role of AP in the tribocorrosion performance of CBPCCs. The results show that, with the increase in the AP content, the enthalpy of curing increases because of the greater formation of the bonding phase AlPO4. Both in static corrosion and in tribocorrosion, the corrosion current density of CBPCCs achieves the lowest value when the weight ratio of AP to polytetrafluoroethylene is about 0.78. Additionally, the influence mechanism of AP on tribocorrosion is clarified. AlPO4 from the reaction between AP and Al2O3 has excellent mechanical properties and can enhance the wear resistance of CBPCCs by reducing the mechanical wear and the increased wear due to corrosion. The alumina particles wrapped by AlPO4 can form a dense and smooth surface and change the direction of electrolyte propagation, which leads to the increase in the tribocorrosion resistance of CBPCCs.
Neural resonance in consumers' right inferior frontal gyrus predicts attitudes toward advertising
Authors: He Lin , Pelowski Matthew , Yu Wenhuan , Liu Tao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAdvertising plays a critical role in the commercial success of services and products. However, despite a long history of attempts to evaluate the efficacy of advertisements, actual objective, consistent means of assessing and anticipating whether an advertisement might be effective and why it would be expected to translate to actual, desired purchasing decisions remain elusive—especially as this regards advertisements' ability to resonate or create emotional connections across audiences. In this study, focusing on female participants, we employed functional near‐infrared spectroscopy to monitor brain activations over empathy and emotional contagion regions as individuals viewed advertisements, matched with a multi‐brain network model for assessing synchronicity patterns across all participants' brains. Study 1 demonstrated that high‐scoring advertisements induced more densely coupled brain activations among participants in their right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), tied to emotional empathy via embodied experience, and thus potentially representing shared understandings and emotional resonance among consumers. Study 2 replicated this finding with popular music and confirmed that density of the right IFG multi‐brain network could predict real‐world population‐level performance, thus presenting an intriguing new tool that might be coupled with other assessments.
Influence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the structure and properties of poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate‐co‐carbon monoxide) nanocomposites
Authors: George Gibin , Mahendran Arunjunairaj , Murugesan Selvakumar , Anandhan S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, composites of poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate‐co‐carbon monoxide) (EVACO)/surface‐modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (m‐MWCNTs) were prepared using a solution casting technique. Acid treatment was employed for the surface modification of MWCNTs to improve the compatibility between polar EVACO and MWCNTs. The influences of m‐MWCNTs on the crystalline, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of EVACO at very low filler loading were systematically evaluated. The presence of m‐MWCNTs in the EVACO matrix influenced the crystallinity, and the respective changes were determined and quantified using dynamic scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction. The mechanical properties of the composites were improved remarkably by the addition of a minute quantity (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.25 wt%) of m‐MWCNTs. Additionally, m‐MWCNTs in the EVACO matrix improved the thermal stability and electrical properties of EVACO. However, the filler loading is below the threshold loading of the fillers, and there was no drastic improvement in the electrical conductivity of the composite.
Molecular weight and concentration of poly (acrylic acid) dual‐responsive homogeneous and intrafibrillar collagen mineralization using an in situ co‐organization strategy
Authors: Shen Lirui , Bu Honghong , Zhang Yuanzhi , Tang Pingping , Li Guoying 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntrafibrillar mineralization is crucial in the synthesis of collagen‐hydroxyapatite (HAP) composites with hierarchical structure resembling natural bone. The polymer‐induced liquid precursor method, which involves immersing the matrix into polymer‐stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) solutions, has been widely used to regulate collagen mineralization; however, heterogeneous infiltration and crystallization of ACP precursors from the surface to the inner matrix remain a concern. In this study, the polymer‐mediated co‐organization strategy in which poly (acrylic acid) (PAA)‐stabilized ACP solutions were initially introduced to collagen solutions before sol–gel transformation was employed to achieve homogeneous mineralization. Moreover, the effects of PAA with various molecular weights (2, 10, and 450 kDa) and concentrations (40, 80, and 120 mg/L) on collagen mineralization were evaluated. Increasing concentration and decreasing molecular weight both improved the stability of ACP precursors, which affected collagen mineralization. A lower concentration (40 mg/L) of 2 kDa PAA and higher concentration (80 and 120 mg/L) of 100 and 450 kDa PAA effectively retarded ACP crystallization, thereby inducing intrafibrillar mineralization. Extremely unstable ACP precursors failed to infiltrate the interior of fibrils using 100 and 450 kDa of PAA at 40 mg/L, resulting in extrafibrillar mineralization. Inversely, collagen fibrils were unmineralized until 7 days owing to excessive stability of ACP precursors using 2 kDa of PAA at higher concentrations. The present results further explain the mechanisms of intrafibrillar mineralization, and may provide a facile method for producing biomimetic materials.
Annealing and crystallization kinetics of poly(lactic acid) pieces obtained by additive manufacturing
Authors: Reis Iago Augusto , Cunha Claro Pedro Ivo , Marcomini Andre Luis , Capparelli Mattoso Luiz Henrique , da Silva Sandro Pereira , de Sena Neto Alfredo Rodrigues 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the influence of isothermal treatment of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) 3D printed samples at different crystallization temperatures. In this case, we analyzed the effect of each crystallization temperature on spherulites formation in printed PLA, affecting the final mechanical properties of pieces. For such, the thermomechanical properties, morphological structure, and crystallization kinetics were analyzed before and after thermal treatment. The 3D printed samples were heat treated at 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C, and 119°C. With annealing, we observed an improvement in the mechanical PLA properties; however, the exothermic crystallization peak was different for the samples. Pieces before annealing were found to have a low crystallinity index (Ic) of 2%–7%, and the pieces after annealing presented a considerable Ic (27%–34%). Annealing temperatures of 100°C, 110°C, and 119°C produced the fastest crystallization kinetics, while annealing temperatures of 80°C and 90°C resulted in the lowest crystallization kinetics for complete crystallization. After annealing, improvement in the flexural strength (34%–47%) and Young's modulus (26%–51%) for all annealed pieces occurred. The appropriate condition was observed at 100°C, which was the onset temperature of crystallization, owing to the combination of the shorter time of crystallization with the increased mechanical properties.