bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eastern Canada Flocks: images and manually annotated bird positions
Authors: Cruz Marcos , González‐Villa Javier , Lefebvre Josée , Gilliland Scott , St‐Pierre Francis , English Matthew , Lepage Christine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Eastern Canada (ECA) Flocks data set consists of manually annotated images from the Common Eider (COEI, Somateria mollissima) Winter Survey and the Greater Snow Geese (GSGO, Anser caerulescens atlanticus) Spring Survey. The images were taken in eastern Canada using fixed‐wing aircraft and manually annotated with ImageJ’s Cell counter plugins. We selected and annotated the ECA Flocks images in order to test the precision of the CountEm flock size estimation method. ECA Flocks includes 179 COEI and 99 GSGO single flock images. We cut each image manually to a rectangle that excluded large parts of the image with no birds. Both versions (original and cut) of each image are available in the data set. We manually annotated 637,555 (124,309 COEI and 514,235 GSGO) bird positions in the cut images from both surveys. Each bird has an associated “Type,” which refers to species and/or sex. Sex identification was only possible for adult common eiders, because females and immature males are brown birds, whereas adult males have mainly white plumage. In the COEI images 64,484 males and 58,029 females, as well as 1,796 birds of other species, were identified. In the GSGO images 504,891 Snow Geese and 9,344 birds of other species were labeled. A .csv file including all annotated bird positions and types is available for each image. The COEI and GSGO photos of the ECA Flocks data set were taken in the years 2006 and 2018 and 2016–2018, respectively. We selected these photos in order to include images with different quality and resolution. COEI and GSGO flock sizes range from 6 to 4,154 and from 43 to 36,241 respectively. There is high variability in light conditions, backgrounds, and number and spatial arrangement of birds across the images. The data set is therefore potentially useful to test the precision of methods for analyzing imagery to estimate the abundance of animals by directly detecting, identifying, and counting individuals. We release these data into the public domain under a Creative Commons Zero license waiver. When you use the data in your publication, cite this data paper. Should ECA Flocks be a major part of the data analyzed in your study, you should consider inviting the ECA Flocks originators as collaborators. If you plan to use the ECA Flocks data set, we request that you contact the ECA Flocks core team to learn whether updates are available, and whether similar analyses are already ongoing.
Energetic, economic, and global warming aspects of fluidized bed drying of the medicinal plant Echium Amoenum Fisch. & C. A. Mey
Authors: Nadi Fatemeh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis research aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the drying conditions in a pilot‐scale fluidized bed dryer by considering energetic, economic and global warming aspects. Echium amoenum Fisch. & C. A. Mey. E. amoenum petals were dried at a temperature range of 40–60°C and air velocities of 0.5 to 1 m s−1. According to the results, the air velocity has a positive effect but the drying temperature has a negative impact on the specific energy consumption (SEC), the production cost and the GHG emissions. It was observed that the case of 0.5 m s−1 air velocity and 60°C drying temperature, the production cost, the SEC and the GHG emissions were minimized. However, considering the quality of the dried E. amoenum petals the optimal conditions were obtained at 60°C drying temperature and 0.91 m s−1 air velocity. Under these conditions, GHG emissions, production cost and SEC of dried E. amoenum petals would be 60.56 g CO2 kg−1, $38.87 kg−1 of dried E. amoenum petals and 29.87 MJ kg−1 of evaporated water, respectively.
Leaf venation of Ocotea species (Lauraceae) from Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Moraes Pedro Luís Rodrigues de , Ribeiro Henrique Lauand , Coan Alessandra Ike , Tomazello Filho Mario 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWith the aim of recognizing and identifying both fertile and sterile specimens of Ocotea from the Brazilian state of Bahia, we analyzed the leaf venation pattern of 55 species, 21 of them being described and illustrated for the first time. A dichotomous identification key was built from a matrix of 12 venation characters and 36 states, which allowed to distinguish the taxa.
Improved normalization of lesioned brains via cohort‐specific templates
Authors: Pappas Ioannis , Hector Henrik , Haws Kari , Curran Brian , Kayser Andrew S. , D'Esposito Mark 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn MRI studies, spatial normalization is required to infer results at the group level. In the presence of a brain lesion, such as in stroke patients, the normalization process can be affected by tissue loss, spatial deformations, signal intensity changes, and other stroke sequelae that introduce confounds into the group analysis results. Previously, most neuroimaging studies with lesioned brains have used normalization methods optimized for intact brains, raising potential concerns about the accuracy of the resulting transformations and, in turn, their reported group level results. In this study, we demonstrate the benefits of creating an intermediate, cohort‐specific template in conjunction with diffeomorphism‐based methods to normalize structural MRI images in stroke patients. We show that including this cohort‐specific template improves accuracy compared to standard methods for normalizing lesioned brains. Critically, this method reduces overall differences in normalization accuracy between stroke patients and healthy controls, and may improve the localization and connectivity of BOLD signal in functional neuroimaging data.
A content analysis of the tweets of e‐cigarette proponents in Australia
Authors: Jongenelis Michelle I. , Jongenelis Gregory , Alexander Elise , Kennington Kelly , Phillips Fiona , Pettigrew Simone 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIssue addressedSocial media sites have become platforms for public discourse on e‐cigarettes, providing proponents with an opportunity to disseminate favourable information about the devices. Research examining the information being presented by Australian proponents of e‐cigarettes is limited. Accordingly, this study explored the Twitter feeds of Australian proponents of e‐cigarettes to determine the nature of the e‐cigarette‐related content being disseminated.MethodsAll publicly available e‐cigarette‐related tweets and retweets (n = 1397) disseminated over a 15‐week period by five Australian e‐cigarette proponents were captured and analysed.ResultsThe main topics covered in the 1397 tweets analysed related to (a) criticism of the arguments made by public health agencies/advocates who oppose e‐cigarettes (29%), (b) Australian e‐cigarette policy (19%), (c) the health risks of e‐cigarettes (16%) and (d) the efficacy of e‐cigarettes as smoking cessation aids (13%). Proponents argued that the precautionary principle adopted by public health agencies/advocates lacks an appropriate evidence base and that legalising e‐cigarettes would reduce smoking rates and smoking‐related harm. Proponents minimised the risks associated with e‐cigarette use and only presented evidence indicating that use facilitates smoking cessation.ConclusionsThe assessed tweets have the potential to reduce the public's trust in the information being presented by authoritative public health agencies/advocates. The dissemination of information downplaying the health risks associated with e‐cigarettes may distort perceptions of the devices.So what?To assist tobacco control efforts, results highlight the need for (a) ongoing surveillance of the tweets of e‐cigarette proponents and (b) provision of evidence‐based counterarguments on social media.
Application of biomaterials in periodontal tissue repair and reconstruction in the presence of inflammation under periodontitis through the foreign body response: Recent progress and perspectives
Authors: Chu Chenyu , Zhao Xiwen , Rung Shengan , Xiao Wenlan , Liu Li , Qu Yili , Man Yi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPeriodontitis would cause dental tissue damage locally. Biomaterials substantially affect the surrounding immune microenvironment through treatment‐oriented local inflammatory remodeling in dental periodontitis. This remodeling process is conducive to wound healing and periodontal tissue regeneration. Recent progress in understanding the foreign body response (FBR) and immune regulation, including cell heterogeneity, and cell‐cell and cell‐material interactions, has provided new insights into the design criteria for biomaterials applied in treatment of periodontitis. This review discusses recent progress and perspectives in the immune regulation effects of biomaterials to augment or reconstruct soft and hard tissue in an inflammatory microenvironment of periodontitis.
Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 positively associated with bone formation markers and creatine kinase in adults with general physical activity
Authors: Lee Su‐Chen , Hsiao Jen‐Kuei , Yang Yu‐Chun , Haung Jung‐Chih , Tien Li‐Ying , Li Dai‐En , Tsai Shih‐Meng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) is primarily synthesized by hepatocytes in a growth hormone (GH)‐dependent manner, it is also produced by bone and muscle. The effects of exercise on the associations between IGF‐1 levels and bone turnover markers (BTM) were found in the previous studies. However, the associations between the levels of IGF‐1 and BTM, liver function tests, and skeletal muscle markers in adults with general physical activity were not clear.MethodsNinety‐four participants were recruited from healthy survey. Blood samples were collected to analyze the levels of IGF‐1, total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), total bilirubin (T‐Bil), direct bilirubin (D‐Bil), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatinine (CRTN), and glucose. Urine samples were collected to analyze the CRTN and deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) levels.ResultsThe positively significant associations were found between the IGF‐1 levels and the levels of ALP, BALP, and CK, respectively. No significant associations were found between the IGF‐1 levels and the levels of TP, Alb, A/G, T‐Bil, D‐Bil, AST, ALT, LDH, glucose, urinary CRTN, urinary Dpd, and Dpd/CRTN ratios, respectively.ConclusionThe serum IGF‐1 levels associated with the levels of skeletal muscle and bone formation markers (BFM), not the bone resorption markers under general physical activity in the healthy adults. The physician needs to consider the effects of bone formation and skeletal muscle markers on the IGF‐1 levels in the management of IGF‐1‐related disorders.
A rapid and quantitative synthesis of xanthene derivatives using sulfonated graphitic carbon nitride under ball‐milling
Authors: Qareaghaj Omid Hosseinchi , Ghaffarzadeh Mohammad , Azizi Najmedin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA truly green, solventless, and fast protocol for the quantitative preparation of biologically active xanthene derivatives with 10 mol% sulfonated graphitic carbon nitride (Sg─CN) as a heterogeneous acidic catalyst was developed. Excellent yields, low cost, solvent‐free conditions, high catalytic activity, reusability of the catalyst, simple workup, and heterogeneous carbon‐based catalyst make the present method particularly attractive from a green chemistry perspective.
The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the phenolic compounds profile, antioxidant activity and grain yields in wheat cultivars growing under hydric stress
Authors: Nahuelcura Javiera , Ruiz Antonieta , Gomez Francisca , Cornejo Pablo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDHydric stress affects the production of wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) worldwide, making some tools necessary to cope with the decrease in rainfall. A sustainable alternative is the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as biofertilisers. Here, we analysed the effects of AMF strains adapted or non‐adapted to hyper‐arid conditions on the phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of wheat grains from two cultivars with contrasting tolerance to osmotic stress (Ilustre, moderately tolerant; and Maxi, tolerant) grown with and without hydric stress.RESULTSEight phenolic compounds were detected, apigenin‐C‐pentoside‐C‐hexoside I being the most abundant and showing an increase of 80.5% when inoculated with the fungusFunneliformis mosseae(FM) obtained from Atacama Desert under normal irrigation with respect to non‐mycorrhizal (NM) plants. NM treatments were associated with higher grain yields. FM showed a noticeable effect on most phenolic compounds, with an increase up to 30.2% in apigenin‐C‐pentoside‐C‐hexoside III concentration under hydric stress with respect to normal irrigation, being also responsible for high antioxidant activities such as ABTS (2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) and DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) activities.CONCLUSIONInoculation with FM adapted to hydric stress produced improvements in phenolics composition and antioxidant activities in grains from wheat plants growing under hydric stress conditions, improving their food quality and supporting the development of further studies to determine whether the use of adapted AMF could be a realistic tool to improve grain quality in a scenario of increasing hydric stress conditions. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Curcumin, the active substance of turmeric: its effects on health and ways to improve its bioavailability
Authors: Abd El‐Hack Mohamed E , El‐Saadony Mohamed T , Swelum Ayman A , Arif Muhammad , Abo Ghanima Mahmoud M , Shukry Mustafa , Noreldin Ahmed , Taha Ayman E , El‐Tarabily Khaled A 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTurmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a spice utilized widely in India, China, and Southeast Asia as an aromatic stimulant, a food preservative, and coloring material. The commonly used names of turmeric are castor saffron, turmeric, and saffron root. Turmeric is a yellow–orange polyphenolic natural substance derived from C. longa rhizomes. It has been used to treat common inflammatory diseases, tumors, biliary diseases, anorexia, cough, topical wounds, diabetic injuries, liver disorders, rheumatism, and sinusitis. Extensive studies on the biological properties and pharmacological consequences of turmeric extracts have been conducted in recent years. Curcumin, the primary yellow biocomponent of turmeric, has anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antiviral, antifibrotic, immunomodulatory, and antifungal properties. Defense assessment tests showed that curcumin is tolerated well at high doses, without adverse effects. Thus, curcumin is a highly active biological material with the potential to treat different diseases in modern medicine. This review article focuses on curcumin's biological characteristics. The most popular methods for curcumin encapsulation are also discussed. Several effective techniques and approaches have been proposed for curcuminoid capsulation, including nanocomplexing, gelation, complex coacervation, electrospraying, and solvent‐free pH‐driven encapsulation. This review also highlights curcumin's chemical properties, allowing the readers to expand their perspectives on its use in the development of functional products with health‐promoting properties. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Usability of microfluidized flaxseed as a functional additive in bread
Authors: Saka İrem , Baumgartner Burcu , Özkaya Berrin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDFlaxseed is a rich source of protein, omega‐3 fatty acids, lignans, and dietary fiber. However, it also contains phytic acid, which inhibits mineral absorption and has the potential to adversely affect the properties of bread. Microfluidization prevents these negative effects, reduces the amount of phytic acid, and improves functional properties. In this study, the possibility of using full‐fat and defatted flaxseed flours as well as microfluidized flaxseed flours in bread formulation was investigated. For this purpose, crude and microfluidized flaxseed flours were added to the bread in different proportions (0, 25, 50, and 75 g kg−1), and the effects of the partial replacement of wheat flour with flaxseed flours on the functional, quality, and sensory properties of breads were analyzed. The effects of the microfluidization process on the antioxidant properties, phenolic, dietary fiber, and phytic acid content of flaxseed were also observed.RESULTFlaxseed flours increased the dietary fiber, phenolic contents, and antioxidant activities of breads. The crumb color became darker with increasing level of flaxseed flours, and their addition also detrimentally affected the sensory properties of breads. It was seen that the microfluidization process has beneficial effects on functional properties of full‐fat and defatted flaxseed flours, as well as on their quality characteristics.CONCLUSIONThe study showed that flaxseed flour is a rich source of functional compounds, and it is even possible to further improve these functional properties with microfluidization treatment. Microfluidized flaxseed flour can also be used as a promising alternative functional food to enrich breads. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Impact of Close Margins in Head and Neck Mucosal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hamman Justin , Howe Carol L. , Borgstrom Mark , Baker Audrey , Wang Steven J. , Bearelly Shethal 
Published: June 2021

Objectives/HypothesisThe aim of the study is to investigate whether close surgical margins impact oncologic outcomes compared to clear or involved surgical margins. We hypothesize that close surgical margins portend worse outcomes compared with clear margins, but improved outcomes compared with involved margins.Study DesignSystematic review.MethodsUsing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis statement standards, a systematic search was conducted for studies that reported oncologic outcomes following excision of primary mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A meta‐analysis was then performed, comparing local recurrence (LR), locoregional recurrence (LRR), and overall survival (OS) in patients with clear, close, and involved margins.ResultsTwenty‐six studies met the inclusion criteria, totaling 8,435 patients. About 96% of our included cases involved the oral cavity, 2% involved the oropharynx, and 2% other. Also, 68% of cases were T1/T2 and 32% were T3/T4. On meta‐analysis, clear margins were associated with lower incidence of 5‐year LR relative risk (RR) 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38–0.65) and higher 5‐year OS (RR 1.22, 1.11–1.35), when compared with close margins. Involved margins had higher incidence of 5‐year LR (RR 1.75, 1.16–2.64), higher incidence of LRR at last follow‐up (RR 1.66, 1.37–2.00), and no difference in 5‐year OS (RR 0.82, 0.60–1.11), when compared with close margins.ConclusionsThere is a stepwise improvement in oncologic outcomes as surgical margin categorically improves from involved to close to clear. Patients with close margins therefore may benefit from adjuvant therapy. Further research is required to investigate whether these findings are seen in non‐oral cavity cases because they were underrepresented in this analysis. Laryngoscope, 132:307–321, 2022
Factors associated with dietary diversity and physical activity of pregnant women in Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional study at an antenatal care setting
Authors: Kundu Satyajit , Jharna Dilruba Easmin , Banna Md. Hasan Al , Khan Md Shafiqul Islam 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionBoth dietary diversity and physical activity during pregnancy are very important since they are known to affect pregnancy and birth outcomes. However, little is documented on dietary diversity and physical activity among pregnant women in Bangladesh. Accordingly, this study was designed to assess the dietary diversity and physical activity level, as well as their associated factors, among pregnant women at an antenatal care setting in Bangladesh.MethodsAn institution‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted with 96 randomly selected pregnant women who sought antenatal care at a hospital in Khulna City, Bangladesh in July 2020. Dietary diversity and physical activity were assessed using the 24‐h dietary recall method of consuming seven food groups, and standardized Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ), respectively. Simple and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to determine the factors associated with dietary diversity and physical activity among pregnant women.ResultsAround 70% of participants had high dietary diversity and 58.3% were physically active. Being job holders, getting counseling on diet, and being from higher income and food‐secured families were identified as potential determinants of the high dietary diversity of participants. Having higher secondary education, being job holders, and being from families with a size of below five were more likely to be physically active compared to others.ConclusionIn light of these findings, there is a need to support existing policies and devise new policies targeting these variables. Improving awareness on the importance of dietary diversity during pregnancy, incorporating counseling services, ensuring household food security especially during this pandemic situation, and providing women with diet counseling are recommended to increase pregnant women's dietary diversity and physical activity level.
Low Threshold Room Temperature Polariton Lasing from Fluorene‐Based Oligomers
Authors: Wei Mengjie , Ruseckas Arvydas , Mai Van T. N. , Shukla Atul , Allison Ilene , Lo Shih‐Chun , Namdas Ebinazar B. , Turnbull Graham A. , Samuel Ifor D. W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOrganic semiconductors possessing tightly bound Frenkel excitons are known to be attractive candidates for demonstrating polariton lasing at room temperature. As polariton lasing can occur without inversion, it is a potential route to very low threshold coherent light sources. However, so far, the thresholds of organic polariton lasers have generally been much higher than those of organic photon lasers. Here this problem has been addressed by investigating two new organic molecules with a structure combining fluorene and carbazole groups. The materials are readily deposited from solution and exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields, high absorption coefficients, and large radiative decay rates in neat films. Room temperature polariton lasing is realized in both materials with incident thresholds of 13.5 and 9.7 µJ cm−2, corresponding to absorbed thresholds of 3.3 and 2.2 µJ cm−2, respectively. These are the lowest values reported to date for polariton lasing in organic semiconductor materials, and approach typical values for organic photon lasers. The step‐like power dependent blue‐shift of polariton modes indicates an interplay between different depletion channels of the exciton reservoir. This work brings practical room temperature polaritonic devices and future realization of electrically driven polariton lasers a step closer.