bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marine fish imported from Argentina as source of human diphyllobothriosis in Europe? Ecological evidence from dolphins
Authors: Hernández‐Orts Jesús S. , Scholz Tomáš , Loizaga Rocío , García Néstor A. , Crespo Enrique A. , Kuchta Roman 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDiphyllobothriosis caused by the Pacific broad tapeworm Adenocephalus pacificus (syn. Diphyllobothrium pacificum) is an emerging parasitic disease reported also from non‐endemic areas, including Europe (Spain). The origin of these human cases is unknown but should be related to fresh marine fish imported from endemic areas. In this study, we molecularly confirmed common dolphins Delphinus delphis off Argentina as euparatenic transit hosts of A. pacificus. Preliminary analysis of their stomach content, together with data from previous studies from the Southwest Atlantic, showed that common dolphins feed almost exclusively on schooling Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi and Argentine anchovy Engraulis anchoita. Therefore, we suggest that Argentine hake and Argentine anchovy may represent the intermediate hosts of A. pacificus in the Southwest Atlantic, but also in Europe to where M. hubbsi is imported on ice (unfrozen).
Characterization of the emerging multidrug‐resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Kentucky ST314 in China
Authors: Wang Shaojun , Liao Xinmeng , Xiong Zhiying , Lin Qijie , Wen Junping , Xu Chenggang , Qu Xiaoyun , Chen Kaifeng , Zhang Jianmin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSalmonella enterica serotype Kentucky (S. Kentucky) is an important Salmonella serotype with multiple sequence types (ST) with a worldwide incidence. We identified 8 STs from 180 strains of S. Kentucky, and ST314 emerged as the most commonly encountered ST. Drug susceptibility testing revealed that ST314 had multiple resistance properties, and 75.5% of the strains were resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobials. The rate of resistance to chloramphenicol, florfenicol, sulfafurazole and tetracycline were greater than 60%. The rates of ST314 resistance to quinolones were as follows: ciprofloxacin, 32.1%; nalidixic acid, 16%; and ofloxacin, 7.5%. Investigating the mechanism of quinolone resistance of ST314 revealed that mutations in the quinolone resistance‐determining regions were rare, and resistance mainly occurred due to the resistance genes carried by plasmids. Only 1.9% (2/106) of ST314 strains had mutations in the quinolone resistance‐determining regions (QRDR). The drug resistance genes of ST314 were primarily of plasmid‐mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). The detection rate of Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) in ST314 was 12.3%. XbaI‐pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis revealed that S. enterica Kentucky ST314 was capable of cross‐regional and cross‐host transmission in China. We found ST314 to be the dominant S. Kentucky ST in China, and it carried multidrug resistance. This is the first report about the emergence of quinolone‐resistant S. enterica Kentucky ST314 in China, which is different from previous reports, and the findings of the present study suggest that the mechanism of quinolone resistance in these strains are plasmid‐mediated. Notably, plasmids carrying resistance genes may promote the rapid spread of ciprofloxacin resistance.
An Investigation on Starvation Onset of Rough Surface Line Contacts
Authors: Li S. , Kolivand A. , Anisetti A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Utilizing a computational approach, this study quantifies the onset of lubrication starvation for line contacts of rough surfaces operating under typical ranges of automotive gearing applications. The response parameter is selected as the critical film thickness supply, at which starvation initiates. The potential influential parameters (predictors) considered include normal force density, rolling velocity, sliding, lubricant viscosity, and surface roughness amplitude. A non-Newtonian thermal mixed lubrication model is employed to determine the critical lubricant supply under various operating and surface roughness conditions. General linear regression is implemented to reach an easy-to-use equation (R-squared value higher than 97%), facilitating the quantification of starvation dependence on the predictors that are statistically significant.
Model Predictive Control-Based Hierarchical Control of a Multi-Zone Commercial HVAC System
Authors: Raman Naren Srivaths , Chaturvedi Rahul Umashankar , Guo Zhong , Barooah Prabir 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a novel architecture for model predictive control (MPC)-based indoor climate control of multi-zone buildings to provide energy efficiency. Unlike prior works, we do not assume the availability of a high-resolution multi-zone building model, which is challenging to obtain. Instead, the architecture uses a low-resolution model of the building that is divided into a small number of “meta-zones” that can be easily identified using existing data-driven modeling techniques. The proposed architecture is hierarchical. At the higher level, an MPC controller uses the low-resolution model to make decisions for the air handling unit (AHU) and the meta-zones. Since the meta-zones are fictitious, a lower level controller converts the high-level MPC decisions into commands for the individual zones by solving a projection problem that strikes a trade-off between two potentially conflicting goals: the AHU-level decisions made by the MPC are respected while the climate of the individual zones is maintained within the comfort bounds. The performance of the proposed controller is assessed via simulations in a high-fidelity simulation testbed and compared to that of a rule-based controller that is used in practice. Simulations in multiple weather conditions show the effectiveness of the proposed controller in terms of energy savings, climate control, and computational tractability.
Identifying and bridging the knowledge-to-practice gaps in rehabilitation professionals working with at-risk infants in the public health sector of South Africa: a multimethod study protocol
Authors: Govender Pragashnie 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionEarly childhood is a critical time when the benefits of early interventions are intensified, and the adverse effects of risk can be reduced. For the optimal provision of early intervention, professionals in the field are required to have specialised knowledge and skills in implementing these programmes. In the context of South Africa, there is evidence to suggest that therapists are ill-prepared to handle the unique challenges posed in neonatal intensive care units and wards with at-risk infants in the first few weeks of life. This is attributed to several reasons; however, irrespective of the causative factors, the need to bridge this knowledge-to-practice gap remains essential.Methods and analysisThis study is a multimethod stakeholder-driven study using a scoping review followed by an appreciative inquiry and Delphi process that will aid in the development, implementation and evaluation of a knowledge translation intervention to bridge knowledge-gaps in occupational and physiotherapists working in the field. Therapists currently working in the public health sector will be recruited for participation in the various stages of the study. The analysis will occur via thematic analysis for qualitative data and percentages and frequencies for descriptive quantitative data. Issues around trustworthiness and rigour, and reliability and validity, will be ensured within each of the phases, by use of a content validity index and inter-rater reliability for the Delphi survey; thick descriptions, peer debriefing, member checking and an audit trail for the qualitative data.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received full ethical approval from the Health Research and Knowledge Management Directorate of the Department of Health and a Biomedical Research Ethics Committee. The results will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals and disseminated to the relevant stakeholders within this study.
Development of salient medication reminders to facilitate information transfer during transition from inpatient to primary care: the Delphi process
Authors: Wong Eliza Lai-Yi , Tang Kam-Shing , Cheung Annie Wai-Ling , Sze Ringo Kin-Cheung , Lau Jack Chi-Him , Mok Francis Chun-Keung , Yam Ping-Wa , Chan Jonathan Yui-Kin , Lao Wai-Cheung , Mak Siu-Ka , Chan Tak-Yeung , Tsang Steven Woon-Choy , Lee Jenny Shun-Wah , Wong Maureen Mo-Lin , Leung Chi-Shing , Chan Kam-Hon , Luk James Ka-Hay , Fung Sze-Yuen , Lui Siu-Fai , Yeoh Eng-Kiong 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveTransitional care is important to successful hospital discharge. Providing patients with a clear and concise summary of medication-related information can help improve outcomes, in particular, among older adults. The present study aimed to propose a framework for the development of salient medication reminders (SMR), which include drug-related risks and precautions, using the Delphi process.DesignIdentification of potential SMR statements for 80% of medication types used by older adult patients discharged from geriatric medicine departments, followed by a Delphi survey and expert panel discussion.SettingsMedical and geriatric departments of public hospitals in Hong Kong.ParticipantsA panel of 13 geriatric medical experts.Outcome measureA Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) points, scoring item relevance, importance and clarity. The minimum of 70% consensus was required for each statement to be included.ResultsThe expert panel achieved consensus through the Delphi process on 80 statements for 44 medication entities. Subsequently, the SMR steering group endorsed the inclusion of these statements in the SMR to be disseminated among older adults at the time of discharge from geriatric medicine departments.ConclusionsThe Delphi process contributed to the development of SMR for older adult patients discharged from public hospitals in Hong Kong. Patient experience with and staff response to the SMR were assessed at four hospitals before implementation at all public hospitals.
Refining clinical algorithms for a neonatal digital platform for low-income countries: a modified Delphi technique
Authors: Evans Mari , Corden Mark H , Crehan Caroline , Fitzgerald Felicity , Heys Michelle 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesTo determine whether a panel of neonatal experts could address evidence gaps in local and international neonatal guidelines by reaching a consensus on four clinical decision algorithms for a neonatal digital platform (NeoTree).DesignTwo-round, modified Delphi technique.Setting and participantsParticipants were neonatal experts from high-income and low-income countries (LICs).MethodsThis was a consensus-generating study. In round 1, experts rated items for four clinical algorithms (neonatal sepsis, hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, respiratory distress of the newborn, hypothermia) and justified their responses. Items meeting consensus for inclusion (≥80% agreement) were incorporated into the algorithms. Items not meeting consensus were either excluded, included following revisions or included if they contained core elements of evidence-based guidelines. In round 2, experts rated items from round 1 that did not reach consensus.ResultsFourteen experts participated in round 1, 10 in round 2. Nine were from high-income countries, five from LICs. Experts included physicians and nurse practitioners with an average neonatal experience of 20 years, 12 in LICs. After two rounds, a consensus was reached on 43 of 84 items (52%). Per experts’ recommendations, items in line with local and WHO guidelines yet not meeting consensus were still included to encourage consistency for front-line healthcare workers. As a result, the final algorithms included 53 items (62%).ConclusionFour algorithms in a neonatal digital platform were reviewed and refined by consensus expert opinion. Revisions to NeoTree will be made in response to these findings. Next steps include clinical validation of the algorithms.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related control measures on cancer diagnosis in Catalonia: a time-series analysis of primary care electronic health records covering about five million people
Authors: Coma Ermengol , Guiriguet Carolina , Mora Nuria , Marzo-Castillejo Mercè , Benítez Mencia , Méndez-Boo Leonardo , Fina Francesc , Fàbregas Mireia , Mercadé Albert , Medina Manuel 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveCancer care has been disrupted by the response of health systems to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially during lockdowns. The objective of our study is to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on the incidence of cancer diagnoses in primary care.DesignTime-series study of malignant neoplasms and diagnostic procedures, using data from the primary care electronic health records from January 2014 to September 2020.SettingPrimary care, Catalonia, Spain.ParticipantsPeople older than 14 years and assigned in one of the primary care practices of the Catalan Institute of Health with a new diagnosis of malignant neoplasm.Main outcome measuresWe obtained the monthly expected incidence of malignant neoplasms using a temporary regression, where the response variable was the incidence of cancer from 2014 to 2018 and the adjustment variables were the trend and seasonality of the time series. Excess or lack of malignant neoplasms was defined as the number of observed minus expected cases, globally and stratified by sex, age, type of cancer and socioeconomic status.ResultsBetween March and September 2020 we observed 8766 (95% CI 4135 to 13 397) fewer malignant neoplasm diagnoses, representing a reduction of 34% (95% CI 19.5% to 44.1%) compared with the expected. This underdiagnosis was greater in individuals aged older than 64 years, men and in some types of cancers (skin, colorectal, prostate). Although the reduction was predominantly focused during the lockdown, expected figures have not yet been reached (40.5% reduction during the lockdown and 24.3% reduction after that).ConclusionsReduction in cancer incidence has been observed during and after the lockdown. Urgent policy interventions are necessary to mitigate the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and related control measures on other diseases and some strategies must be designed in order to reduce the underdiagnosis of cancer.
Protocol for a systematic review assessing ambulatory vital sign monitoring impact on deterioration detection and related clinical outcomes in hospitalised patients
Authors: Areia Carlos , Vollam Sarah , Young Louise , Biggs Christopher , Pimentel Marco , Santos Mauro , Thurley Neal , Gerry Stephen , Tarassenko Lionel , Watkinson Peter 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionAmbulatory monitoring systems (AMS) can facilitate early detection of clinical deterioration, and have the potential to improve hospitalised patient outcomes. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the impact of vital signs monitoring on detection of deterioration and related outcomes in hospitalised patients using AMS, in comparison with standard care.Methods and analysisA systematic search was conducted on 27 August 2020 in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CENTRAL and Health Technology Assessment databases, as well as grey literature. Search results will be reviewed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis checklist for systematic reviews. Studies comparing the use of ambulatory monitoring devices against standard care for deterioration detection and related clinical outcomes in hospitalised patients will be included and further clinical and other outcomes will also be explored. Deterioration-related outcomes may include (but not limited to) unplanned intensive care admissions, rapid response team activation and unscheduled emergency interventions, as defined by the included studies. Two reviewers will independently extract study data and assess the quality and risk of bias of included studies. Where possible, a meta-analysis will be conducted and quantitative results presented. Alternatively, a narrative synthesis will be reported.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this study as no primary data will be collected. This study is part of our virtual High Dependency Unit project and will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, public and scientific conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020188633.
Effect of antiamyloid-β drugs on Alzheimer’s disease: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lyu Diyang , Shi Yuqing , Lyu Xuanxin 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a complex aetiology involving multiple targets and pathways. With the continuous growth of the ageing population, the burden of AD is increasing year by year. However, there has not been new drug approved for over a decade. In addition, the efficacy of memantine and cholinesterase inhibitors is not satisfactory. As amyloid-β (Aβ) is regarded as the core pathological change and the trigger mechanism of AD, anti-Aβ therapy may be an effective therapy. In recent years, a lot of clinical trials have been carried out in this field, but the results have not been well summarised and analysed.Methods and analysisIn this study, we will study the effect of anti-Aβ antibodies versus placebo on the clinical efficacy, biomarkers, neuroimaging and safety in different stages of AD, as well as the factors that may affect the efficacy. Drugs that only target the existing Aβ are regarded as anti-Aβ antibodies. Following electronic databases will be searched from inception to April 2021: Medline-Ovid, EMBase-Ovid, Cochrane Central and clinical trial registration platform ClinicalTrials.gov. After identifying eligible studies through screening title, abstract and read full text of each retrieved literature, we will contact the correspondence authors for additional information and grey literatures. To get more reliable results, random effect model will be conducted for meta-analysis and analysis of subgroups or subsets. Funnel plot, Egger’s test and sensitivity analysis will be conducted to explore potential heterogeneity. Meta-regression will be conducted to identify the factors that may affect clinical efficacy. Evidence quality assessment and trial sequential analysis will be conducted to assess the quality of evidence and confirm the reliability of the results in this study.Ethics and discussionThis study does not require formal ethical approval. The findings will be submitted to a peer-review journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020202370.
Effects of neuromuscular training on knee proprioception in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review and GRADE evidence synthesis
Authors: Arumugam Ashokan , Björklund Martin , Mikko Sanna , Häger Charlotte K 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveTo systematically review and summarise the evidence for the effects of neuromuscular training compared with any other therapy (conventional training/sham) on knee proprioception following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.DesignSystematic Review.Data sourcesPubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, AMED, Scopus and Physical Education Index were searched from inception to February 2020.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials investigating the effects of neuromuscular training on knee-specific proprioception tests following a unilateral ACL injury were included.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently screened and extracted data and assessed risk of bias of the eligible studies using the Cochrane risk of bias 2 tool. Overall certainty in evidence was determined using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool.ResultsOf 2706 articles retrieved, only 9 RCTs, comprising 327 individuals with an ACL reconstruction (ACLR), met the inclusion criteria. Neuromuscular training interventions varied across studies: whole body vibration therapy, Nintendo-Wii-Fit training, balance training, sport-specific exercises, backward walking, etc. Outcome measures included joint position sense (JPS; n=7), thresholds to detect passive motion (TTDPM; n=3) or quadriceps force control (QFC; n=1). Overall, between-group mean differences indicated inconsistent findings with an increase or decrease of errors associated with JPS by ≤2°, TTDPM by ≤1.5° and QFC by ≤6 Nm in the ACLR knee following neuromuscular training. Owing to serious concerns with three or more GRADE domains (risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness or imprecision associated with the findings) for each outcome of interest across studies, the certainty of evidence was very low.ConclusionsThe heterogeneity of interventions, methodological limitations, inconsistency of effects (on JPS/TTDPM/QFC) preclude recommendation of one optimal neuromuscular training intervention for improving proprioception following ACL injury in clinical practice. There is a need for methodologically robust RCTs with homogenous populations with ACL injury (managed conservatively or with reconstruction), novel/well-designed neuromuscular training and valid proprioception assessments, which also seem to be lacking.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018107349.
Home phototherapy for neonatal jaundice in the UK: a single-centre retrospective service evaluation and parental survey
Authors: Noureldein Mona , Mupanemunda Grace , McDermott Helen , Pettit Katy , Mupanemunda Richard 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundIn the UK setting, where neonatal jaundice treatment is required, it is largely carried out in hospitals. However, it is possible to safely administer home phototherapy (HPT).ObjectiveTo report on our centre’s experience of HPT and its potential benefits.DesignRetrospective observational study performed as a service evaluation.PatientsInfants ≥35 weeks corrected gestational age with a weight of 2 kg and serum bilirubin ≤50 µmol/L above treatment thresholds. Controls were a matched group of infants who received inpatient phototherapy (IPT).SettingThe catchment area of two neonatal intensive care units, one special care unit and a birth centre at four different hospitals that is covered by a single neonatal community outreach nursing team in Birmingham, UK.InterventionHPT was started either in the community or as a continuation of IPT. Controls received IPT.Main outcome measuresThe rate of bilirubin reduction, hospital readmission rates and parental satisfaction.Results100 infants received HPT while 50 received IPT. No infant showed a progressive rise of serum bilirubin level while receiving HPT. The rate of bilirubin reduction was similar in both HPT and IPT groups (2.4±1.9 and 2.5±1.6 µmol/L/hour, respectively, MD=−0.1, 95% CI −0.74 to 0.53, p=0.74). Readmission rate was 3% in the HPT group. 97% of parents stated that the overall experience was good and 98% would choose HPT if they had their time all over again.ConclusionOur programme suggests that HPT for neonatal jaundice can be carried out in a select group of infants. It helps in providing holistic family-centred care and is viewed positively by families.