bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Varying Ecological Successions in Lakes Subdivided by Volcanic Eruption at Akan Caldera, Japan
Authors: Wakana Isamu , Kadono Yasuro , Urabe Jotaro , Tamura Yuki , Suzuki Yoshifusa , Yamada Hiroyuki , Oyama Yoichi , Wada Keiji , Hasegawa Takeshi , Ohara Masashi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
It is difficult to continuously observe ecological succession processes within lakes occurring over long-time spans. Thus, the process is generally shown as “lake types” or "hydrarch succession" reflected by trophic levels or differing aquatic vegetation, based on inductive inference by comparison of many lakes. Alternatively, long-term changes are simulated via microcosms or mesocosms in experimental systems, or lake history can be reconstructed by sediment analysis. Here, we try to demonstrate lake ecological succession processes over thousands of years by showing an example of lakes with diverse trophic levels and aquatic vegetation which were formed by segmentation inside Akan Caldera in eastern Hokkaido, Japan, due to volcanic eruptions. We found oligotrophic, mesotrophic, eutrophic and dystrophic lake systems in the caldera, despite similar ages and process of origin. Total water phosphorus concentration, defining trophic level, was significantly correlated with the ratio of accumulated watershed area to lake area and volume. Twenty-one species of aquatic macrophytes were classified into five groups clearly corresponding to respective or combinations of trophic level. This study is the first to visualize lake serial stages by documenting a series of trophic levels and associated aquatic vegetation groups as a result of differing eutrophication rates over time.
Lumbar Spine Abnormalities in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Authors: Tarnoki Adam Domonkos , Tarnoki David Laszlo , Oláh Csaba , Szily Marcell , Kovacs Daniel , Dienes András , Piroska Marton , Forgo Bianka , Pinheiro Marina , Ferreira Paulo , Kostyál László , Meszaros Martina , Pako Judit , Kunos Laszlo , Bikov Andras 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Previous studies suggested cervical spondylosis as a risk factor for development of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). We aimed to assess lumbar disc degeneration in patients with OSA and correlate the findings with symptoms and disease severity. Twenty-seven patients with OSA and 29 non-OSA controls underwent sleep studies and lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the 24-item Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire questionnaires. Plasma klotho was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Patients with OSA had higher number of disc bulges (4.6±3.7 vs. 1.7±2.5, p<0.01) and anterior spondylophytes (2.7±4.2 vs. 0.8±2.1, p<0.01), increased Pfirrmann score (16.7±4.7 vs. 13.2±4.1, p<0.01) and vertebral fatty degeneration (7.8±4.7 vs. 3.8±3.7, p<0.01). Markers of OSA severity, including the apnoea-hypopnoea index, oxygen desaturation index and percentage of total sleep time spent with saturation <90% as well as plasma levels of klotho were correlated with the number of disc bulges and anterior spondylophytes following adjustment on age, gender and body mass index (all p<0.05). Markers of disc degeneration were related to chronic pain.OSA is associated with lumbar spondylosis likely through chronic intermittent hypoxaemia inducing inflammation in the lumbar discs. Our study highlights the importance of lumbar imaging in patients with OSA reporting lower back pain.
Effectiveness of adjunctive low frequency repetitive&nbsp;transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy&nbsp;over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in refractory to medical treatment&nbsp;patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A double blind, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jahanbakhsh Ghazal , Hajseyedjavadi Alireza , Majidi Mahnaz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common neurotic disorder, In 2018 Application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (28), since 2020 different methods has been tested, this study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of adjunctive low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in refractory to treatment patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 30 patients with OCD referred from the psychiatry clinic of 22 Bahman Hospital in Qazvin province from 2018 to 2020. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Intervention group received rTMS treatment at 1 Hz for 20 min (1200 (pulses / day) over the left DLPFC region as adjunctive to their medical treatment for 3 times a week and for 5 weeks while the control group received only sham condition in addition to their medical treatment. All the patients filled out the Yale Brown Questionnaire (YBOCS) Before the study, after sessions 5 and 10 during treatment, at the end of the treatment and 3 to 6 months after the treatment. The results were compared between the two groups using SPSS software version 16.Results: The mean score of post-intervention Yale Brown score was significantly lower in the intervention group. (P <0.05), it was also significant by gender (females), marital status ,taking antipsychotic agents in addition to the serotonergic agents and with more treatment sessions, within 3 to 6 months after intervention. Conclusion: adjunctive low frequency (1 Hz)rtms over the left DLPFC can be effective in reducing Yale Brown score in refractory to treatment patients suffering from OCD after 15 sessions. Gender, treatment sessions, usage of antipsychotic agents as adjuvant with standard treatment regiments, and marital status were identified as predictors for response to adjunctive rTMS therapy.
Roles of the 14-3-3 Gene Family in Cotton Flowering
Authors: Sang Na , Liu Hui , Ma Bin , Huang zhong , Zhuo Lu , Sun qiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: In plants, 14-3-3 proteins, also called GENERAL REGULATORY FACTORs (GRFs), encoded by a large multigene family, are involved in protein–protein interactions and play crucial roles in various physiological processes. No genome-wide analysis of the GRF gene family has been performed in cotton, and their functions in flowering are largely unknown.Results: In this study, 17, 17, 31, and 17 GRF genes were identified in Gossypium herbaceum, G. arboreum, G. hirsutum, and G. raimondii, respectively, by genome-wide analyses and were designated as GheGRFs, GaGRFs, GhGRFs, and GrGRFs, respectively. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that these proteins were divided into ε and non-ε groups. Gene structural, motif composition, synteny, and duplicated gene analyses of the identified GRF genes provided insights into the evolution of this family in cotton. GhGRF genes exhibited diverse expression patterns in different tissues. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays showed that the GhGRFs interacted with the cotton FLOWERING LOCUS T homologue GhFT in the cytoplasm and nucleus, while they interacted with the basic leucine zipper transcription factor GhFD only in the nucleus. Transgenic studies in Arabidopsis demonstrated that GhGRF3/6/9/15 repressed flowering and that GhGRF14 promoted flowering.Conclusions: Here, 82 GRF genes were identified in cotton, and their gene and protein features, classification, evolutionary, and expression patterns were comprehensively and systematically investigated. The GhGRFs interacted with GhFT and GhFD to form florigen activation complexes, which either promoted or inhibited flowering. The results provide a foundation for further studies on the regulatory mechanisms of flowering.
Surgical and Oncological Outcomes of Robotic Resection for Sigmoid and Rectal Cancer: Analysis of 109 Patients from A Single Center in China
Authors: Peng Jianhong , Li Weihao , Tang Jinghua , Li Yuan , Li Xueying , Wu Xiaojun , Lu Zhenhai , Lin Junzhong , Pan Zhizhong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Robotic colorectal surgery has been increasingly performed in recent years. The safety and feasibility of its application has also been demonstrated worldwide. However, limited studies have presented clinical data for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) receiving robotic surgery in China. The aim of this study is to present short-term clinical outcomes of robotic surgery and further confirm its safety and feasibility in Chinese CRC patients.Methods: The clinical data of 109 consecutive CRC patients whoreceived robotic surgery at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between June 2016 and May 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient characteristics,tumor traits, treatment details, complications, pathological details, and survival status were evaluated.Results: Among the 109 patients, 35 (32.1%) had sigmoid cancer, and 74 (67.9%) had rectal cancer. Thirty-seven (33.9%) patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Ten (9.2%) patients underwent sigmoidectomy, 38 (34.9%) underwent high anterior resection (HAR), 45 (41.3%) underwent low anterior resection (LAR), and 16 (14.7%) underwent abdominoperineal resection (APR). The median surgical procedure time was 270 min (range 120 - 465 min). Pathologically complete resection was achieved in all patients. There was no postoperative mortality. Complications occurred in 11 (10.1%) patients, including 3 (2.8%) anastomotic leakage, 1 (0.9%) anastomotic bleeding, 1 (0.9%) pelvic hemorrhage, 4 (3.7%) intestinal obstruction, 2 (1.8%) chylous leakage, and 1 (0.9%) delayed wound union. At a median follow-up of 17 months (range 1–37 months), 1 (0.9%) patient developed local recurrence and 5 (4.6%) developed distant metastasis, with one death due to disease progression.Conclusions: Our results suggest that robotic surgery is technically feasible and safe for Chinese CRC patients, especially for rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant treatment. A robotic laparoscope with large magnification showed a clear surgical space for pelvic autonomic nerve preservation in cases of mesorectal edema.
Study of The Effect of pH on The Performance of Microbial Fuel Cell for Generation of Bioelectricity
Authors: Halim Md. Abdul , Rahman Md. Owaleur , Ibrahim Md. , Kundu Rituparna , Biswas Biplob 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Day by day microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is becoming a thought-provoking topic to the researcher because for its simultaneous utilization e.g. electricity production and wastewater treatment. Since wastewater is an important source of electrolyte for MFC, the key tenacity of this study was to investigate the outcome of pH happening various (Municipal, Bhairab river and Hospital) wastewaters used as electrolyte in dual chamber MFC.Findings: The lab-scale experiment was conducted in batch mode, where zinc plate (0.0027m2) as anode and copper plate (0.0027m2) as cathode. In this study a single electrolyte (any one of earlier mentioned three electrolytes) was used in five dual-chambers MFC where the pH of the electrolyte was 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. The MFC was worked on a temperature ranged from 27°C to 34°C. Maximum outputs were found in terms of current density (1288.9mAm-2), voltage (1132 mV) and power density (1459.02wmw-2) were obtained at pH 8 by using Bhairab river water as an electrolyte in MFC chamber. A substantial amount of COD removal (94%) was also achieved in the same MFC chamber at the same pH (i.e. pH 8). However, the optimum operating pH for MFC containing municipal wastewater and hospital wastewater was found to be 8 and 9, respectively.Conclusion: The results suggest that various wastewaters may act as feasible feedstocks for bioelectricity generation in MFC. The results also show that COD can be removed from wastewater that suggest a treatment possibility of wastewater.
Chronic Cerebral Toxoplasmosis Changes Brain Glutamate and D-Serine Levels, Impairs Startle Reflex But Not Social Preference in Mice
Authors: Acquarone Mariana , Poleto André , Perozzo Ananda , Gonçalves Patricia , Panizzutti Rogério , Menezes João , Neves Gilda , Barbosa Helene 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic protozoan pathogen with a wide geographic distribution. The chronic phase of toxoplasmosis is often asymptomatic in humans and is characterized by tissue cysts throughout the central nervous system and muscle cells. T. gondii and other pathogens with tropism for the central nervous system are considered risk factors in the etiology of several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, besides neurological diseases. Currently, it is known that cerebral toxoplasmosis increases dopamine levels in the brain and it is related to behavioral changes in animals and humans. Here we evaluate whether chronic T. gondii infection, using the cystogenic ME-49 strain, could induce behavioral alterations associated with neuropsychiatric disorders and glutamatergic neurotransmission dysfunction. We observed that the startle amplitude is reduced in the infected animals as well as glutamate and D-serine levels in prefrontal cortical and hippocampal tissue homogenates. Moreover, we did not detect alterations in social preference, spontaneous alternation, and tail suspension test despite severe motor impairment. Thus, we conclude that behavioral and cognitive aspects are maintained even though severe neural damage is observed by chronic infection of C57Bl/6 mice with the ME-49 strain.
Comparison of ARIMA and LSTM for Prediction of Hemorrhagic Fever at Different Time Scales in China
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Qiulan , Chen Qiang , Meng Yujie , Zheng Huan , Wang Yu , Song Hejia , Li Yonghong , Wang Songwang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesThis study intends to build and compare two kinds of forecasting models at different time scales for hemorrhagic fever incidence in China.MethodsARIMA and LSTM model were adopted to fit monthly, weekly and daily incidence of hemorrhagic fever in China from 2013 to 2018. The two models, combined and uncombined with rolling forecast, were used to predict the incidence in 2019 to identify its stability and availability. ResultsARIMA (2, 1, 1) (0, 1, 1)12, ARIMA (1, 1, 3) (1, 1, 1)52 and ARIMA (5, 0, 1) was selected as the best fitted ARIMA model for monthly, weekly and daily incidence series respectively. The model with 64 neurons and SGDM for monthly incidence, 8 neurons and Adam for weekly incidence, and 64 neurons and RMSprop for daily incidence were selected as the best fitted LSTM models. The values of root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the models combined with rolling forecast in 2019 were lower than those of the direct forecast models for both ARIMA and LSTM. It was shown from the forecasting performance in 2019 that ARIMA was better than LSTM for monthly and weekly forecasting while the LSTM was better than ARIMA for daily forecasting in rolling models.ConclusionsBoth ARIMA and LSTM could be used to build a prediction model for the incidence of hemorrhagic fever meanwhile different models might be more suitable for the incidence prediction at different time scales.
The CAD risk locus 9p21 increases the risk of vascular calcification in an iPSC-derived VSMC model
Authors: Trillhaase Anja , Schmidt Beatrice , Maertens Marlon , Haferkamp Undine , Erdmann Jeanette , Aherrahrou Zouhair 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Chromosome locus 9p21 was the first to be associated with increased risk of CAD and coronary artery calcification (CAC). Vascular calcification increases the risk for CAD. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are one of the major cell types involved in the development of vascular calcification. Methods: So far, mainly animal models or primary SMCs have been used to model human vascular calcification. In this study, a human in vitro assay using iPSC-derived VSMCs was developed to examine vascular calcification. Human iPSCs were derived from a healthy non-risk (NR) and risk (R) donor carrying SNPs in the 9p21 locus. Additionally, 9p21 locus knockouts of each donor iPSC line (NR and R) were used. Following differentiation, the iPSC-derived VSMCs were characterized based on cell type, proliferation and migration rate, along with calcium phosphate (CaP) deposits. CaP deposits were confirmed using Calcein and Alizarin Red S staining and then quantified. Results: The data demonstrated significantly more proliferation, migration, and CaP deposition in VSMCs derived from the R and both KO iPSC lines than in those derived from the NR line. Molecular analyses confirmed upregulation of calcification markers. These results are consistent with recent data demonstrating increased calcification when the 9p21 murine ortholog is knocked-out. Conclusion: Therefore, in conclusion, genetic variation or deletion of the CAD risk locus leads to an increased risk of vascular calcification. This in vitro human iPSC model of calcification could be used to develop new drug screening strategies to combat CAC.
Mass Media and Social Media Impact on Health Literacy And Patient Empowerment of Diabetic Patients
Authors: Fouad Sarah Ahmed , Taher Ahmed , Shafei Ingy 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This research assesses the role of health literacy in diabetic patient’s lifestyle modification and disease management as a form of patient empowerment. The study evaluated health literacy, patient empowerment, and sources of information for diabetic patients. The research utilized a quantitative methodology using purposive sampling for 408 diabetic patients in diabetes institutes and online social media platforms addressing diabetic patients. The study included two phases, offline and online, with comparisons of online versus offline diabetic literacy. A conceptual model assessing the role of health literacy in diabetic patient’s lifestyle modification and disease management as a form of patient empowerment was developed. The research will contribute to diabetic patient’s health literacy, promotion of creating social network models, educational and patient support initiatives, online literacy, and effective diabetic self-managers.
Willingness to Use a Wearable Device Capable of Detecting and Reversing Overdose Among People Who Use Opioids in Philadelphia
Authors: Kanter Katie , Gallagher Ryan , Eweje Feyisope , Lee Alexander , Gordon David , Landy Stephen , Gasior Julia , Soto-Calderon Haideliza , Cronholm Peter F , Cocchiaro Ben , Weimer James , Roth Alexis , Lankenau Stephen , Brenner Jacob 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The incidence of opioid-related overdose deaths has been rising for 30 years and has been further exacerbated amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Naloxone can reverse opioid overdose, lower death rates, and enable a transition to medication for opioid use disorder. Though current formulations for community use of naloxone have been shown to be safe and effective public health interventions, they rely on bystander presence. We sought to understand the preferences and minimum necessary conditions for wearing a device capable of sensing and reversing opioid overdose among people who regularly use opioids.Methods: We conducted a combined cross-sectional survey and semi-structured interview at a respite center, shelter, and syringe exchange drop-in program in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA during the COVID-19 pandemic in August and September 2020. The primary aim was to explore the proportion of participants who would use a wearable device to detect and reverse overdose. Preferences regarding designs and functionalities were collected via a questionnaire with items having Likert-based response options and a semi-structured interview intended to elicit feedback on prototype designs. Independent variables included demographics, opioid use habits, and previous experience with overdose.Results: A total of 97 adults with an opioid-use history of at least 3 months were interviewed. A majority of survey participants (76%) reported a willingness to use a device capable of detecting an overdose and automatically administering a reversal agent upon initial survey. When reflecting on the prototype, most respondents (75.5%) reported that they would wear the device always or most of the time. Respondents indicated discreetness and comfort as important factors that increased their chance of uptake. Respondents suggested that people experiencing homelessness and those with low tolerance for opioids would be in greatest need of the device.Conclusions: The majority of people sampled with a history of opioid use in an urban setting were interested in having access to a device capable of detecting and reversing an opioid overdose. Participants emphasized privacy and comfort as the most important factors influencing their willingness to use such a device.Trial Registration: NCT04530591
Physical activity intervention for rural middle-aged and older Australian adults: A pilot implementation study of the ecofit program delivered in a real-world setting
Authors: Wilczynska Magdalena , Jansson Anna K , Lubans David R , Smith Jordan J , Robards Sara L , Plotnikoff Ronald Cyril 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: ecofit is an evidence-based multi-component physical activity intervention that integrates smartphone technology, the outdoor environment and social support. In a previous efficacy trial, significant improvements were found across several clinical, fitness, and mental health outcomes among adults at risk of (or with) type 2 diabetes.Methods: The aim of the present pilot study was to evaluate a number of health-related and feasibility outcomes of the ecofit intervention in a ‘real-world’ setting, using a scalable implementation model. ecofit was adapted and implemented by a rural municipal council in the Upper Hunter Shire, New South Wales, Australia and evaluated using a single-group pre-post design. Inactive middle-aged and older adults (N=59) were recruited and assessed at 6- (primary time-point) and 20-weeks (follow-up). Results: Improvements were found in this predominantly overweight and obese sample for aerobic fitness, functional mobility, upper and lower body muscular fitness, systolic blood pressure and waist circumference at 6-weeks. At 20-weeks, effects were found for aerobic fitness, functional mobility, upper and lower body muscular fitness, and systolic blood pressure. Overall, participants were satisfied with the ecofit program. Participants attended the 6-week primary time-point (66.1%) and follow-up at 20-weeks (41.6%).Conclusions: Our findings support the preliminary effectiveness and feasibility of the ecofit intervention delivered by municipal council staff following a brief training from the research team. This study provides valuable preliminary evidence to support of a larger implementation trial.