bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Potential Roles of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Feed Efficiency of Chicken
Authors: Karimi Parastoo , Bakhtiarizadeh Mohammad Reza , Salehi Abdolreza , Izadnia Hamid Reza 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Feed efficiency is an important economic trait and reduces the production costs per unit of animal product. Up to now, few studies have conducted transcriptome profiling of liver tissue in feed efficiency-divergent chickens (Ross vs native breeds). Also, molecular mechanisms contributing to differences in feed efficiency are not fully understood, especially in terms of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Hence, transcriptome profiles of liver tissue in commercial and native chicken breeds were analyzed. RNA-Seq data along with bioinformatics approaches were applied and a series of lncRNAs and target genes were identified. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction network construction, co-expression analysis, co-localization analysis of QTLs and functional enrichment analysis were used to functionally annotate the identified lncRNAs.In total, 2,290 lncRNAs were found (including 1,110 annotated, 593 known and 587 novel), of which 53 (including 39 known and 14 novel), were identified as differentially expressed genes between two breeds. The expression profile of lncRNAs was validated by RT-qPCR. The identified novel lncRNAs showed a number of characteristics similar to those of known lncRNAs. Target prediction analysis showed that these lncRNAs have the potential to act in cis or trans mode. Functional enrichment analysis of the predicted target genes revealed that they might affect the differences in feed efficiency of chicken by modulating genes associated with lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, growth, energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism. Some gene members of significant modules in the constructed co-expression networks were reported as important genes related to feed efficiency. Co-localization analysis of QTLs related to feed efficiency and the identified lncRNAs suggested several candidates to be involved in residual feed intake. The findings of this study provided valuable resources to further clarify the genetic basis of regulation of feed efficiency in chicken from the perspective of lncRNAs.
One Pot Synthesis of Ternary MWCNTs/ZnO/Chitosan Nanocomposite for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Malekkiani Mitra , Magham Abbas Heshmati Jannat , Ravari Fateme , Dadmehr Mehdi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Developing a cheap, stable and effective photocatalyst is necessary for remediation of persistent organic pollutants. To address this challenge, we proposed a unique interfacial engineering technique and proper bandgap matching strategy to synthesize MWCNTs/ZnO/Chitosan ternary nanocomposite for effective photocatalytic application. The features of the prepared samples were determined by FESEM, TEM, EDX, elemental mapping, AFM, FT-IR, XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy and BET surface analysis. The obtained results showed successful fabrication of synthesized nanocomposites. Degradation effect of nanostructures on methylene blue (MB) and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) pathogenic strains were investigated. The proposed photocatalytic mechanism illustrated the electron transfer facilitated by MWCNTs/ZnO/Chitosan structure which results in spatial separation of electron-hole pairs. Compared with ZnO and ZnO/Chitosan, the prepared MWCNTs/ZnO/Chitosan ternary nanocomposite showed high usage of UV illumination and superior separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. MWCNTs/ZnO/Chitosan illustrated outstanding increased photocatalytic activity on MB degradation efficiency of 98.76% after 20 mins. In addition, the ternary nanocomposite also exhibited remarkable bactericidal activity against gram-positive (S. aureus) and (B. subtilis) and gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria strains. Due to the obtained results, the prepared nanocomposite would be an efficient candidate photocatalyst with antibacterial properties.
A Novel Defined Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Ming , Liu Hui , Zhang Ming-Hao , Wan Li-Lin , Shi Nai-Peng , Pan Ke-Hao , Hu Qiang , Xu Bin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: Currently, the mechanism of ferroptosis in the progression of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is still unclear. This paper aims to explore the potential mechanism of ferroptosis-related genes in KIRC.Methods: Using KIRC chip data in Gene Expression Synthesis (GEO) database, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and tumor group were screened in GSE168845, GSE105261 and GSE11151 by limma package. Ferroptosis-related DEGs were gained by the intersection of DEGs and ferroptosis-related genes, which from the FerrDb database. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of ferroptosis-related DEGs was carried out by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Univariate and multivariate Cox risk regression model was used to screen and establish gene prognosis risk prediction model. For ferroptosis-related DEGs, targeted small molecules are predicted for the treatment of KIRC.Results: In GSE168845, GSE105261 and GSE11151, 2532 DEGs were screened from normal group and tumor group. And 149 ferroptosis-related genes were obtained from the FerrDb database. Through the intersection of DEGs and ferroptosis-related genes, 17 ferroptosis-related DEGs were obtained. GO enrichment analysis indicated that primary biological processes of 17 ferroptosis-related DEGs enrichment had iron ion binding, microvillus membrane and regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to stress. Based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, the multivariate prognostic risk prediction model composed of three ferroptosis DEGs including MT1G, LAMP2 and MIOX was constructed. The results of patient risk score indicated that the prognosis with high score was worse than those with low score. Meanwhile, we found that the exprssion of MT1G, LAMP2 and MIOX were related with methylation and immune infiltration in KIRC. Terroptosis-gene interaction and terroptosis-miRNA coregulatory network of MT1G, LAMP2 and MIOX were collected by Network Analyst. Then, the ferroptosis-related prognosis nomogram, including age, gender, grade, TNM and risk score, was found to predict the overall survival (OS) of KIRC patients. Finally, according to ferroptosis related DEGs, the potential therapeutic effects of emetine, cephaeline,scoulerline, sanguinarine, cicloheximide, tolfenamic acid, phenoxybenzamine and calmidazolium were predicted in KIRC.Conclusion: The risk prediction models of MT1G, LAMP2 and MIOX can effectively predict the prognosis of patients with KIRC. And MT1G, LAMP2 and MIOX are related to methylation and immune infiltration in KIRC, which is expected to play a guiding role in the clinical treatment of KIRC. Targeted these three genes, potential therapeutic drugs of emetine, cephaeline,scoulerline, sanguinarine, cicloheximide, tolfenamic acid, phenoxybenzamine and calmidazolium were also predicted in KIRC.
The Tobacco Metabolite NNK Enhances Pancreatic Cancer Cell Stemness and Chemoresistance by Activating The β2AR-Akt Autophagy Axis
Authors: Chen Xin , Zhang Weifan , Liu Rujuan , Zhu Zeen , Gong Mengyuan , Wang Qiqi , Qian Weikun , Wu Zheng , Ma Qingyong , wang zheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Low responsiveness to chemotherapy is an important cause of poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Smoking is a high-risk factor for pancreatic cancer and its resistance to gemcitabine; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is the main metabolite of tobacco burning and has been shown to be associated with cancer development and chemoresistance, but in pancreatic cancer, its mechanism remains poorly understood.Methods: The effect of NNK on pancreatic cancer cell viability was confirmed by using Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays. Stem cell sphere formation assays and western blotting/qPCR measurements of stemness-related molecules were used to detect pancreatic cancer cell stemness. The pancreatic cancer autophagy status was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining of LC3 and western blotting/qPCR analysis of autophagy-related molecules.Results: NNK promoted stemness and gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Furthermore, NNK intervention increased autophagy and changed the expression levels of autophagy-related markers, which preliminarily confirmed the activation of autophagy by NNK. Finally, the results showed that NNK-promoted stemness, and gemcitabine resistance was activated by the autophagy pathway, which was mediated by the β2AR-Akt signalling pathway.Conclusions: Autophagy induced by activating the NNK-induced β2AR-Akt signalling pathway promoted stemness and gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells.
Effect of a Digital Precision Public Health Intervention for Care Coordination During Covid-19 Pandemic in Australia: A Real World Study
Authors: Andrade Andre Q , Calabretto Jean-Pierre , Pratt Nicole L , Kalisch-Ellett Lisa M , LeBlanc Vanessa T , Roughead Elizabeth E 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Emergencies disproportionally affect vulnerable populations. The COVID-19 pandemic affected older patients with co-morbidities both directly due to more severe infection and indirectly by affecting care provision. To promote continuity of care, public health professionals require tools to quickly and precisely coordinate with primary care providers. This study evaluated whether digital interventions powered by current existing infrastructure are more effective than conventional interventions in promoting primary care appointments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We developed a digital intervention delivered by secure messaging and compared it to a post delivered intervention to promote continuity of care for vulnerable veterans during COVID-19 in a real world, non-randomised, interventional study. The study was implemented as part of the Veterans’ MATES program, an Australian Government Department of Veterans’ Affairs program to promote improvements in health care for veterans. The intervention provided patient specific information to general practitioners (GPs) to support continuity of care, alongside mailed education to veterans. The intervention key messages were to maintain regular contact with care providers and to continue to adhere to health plans. The intervention took place in April 2020, during the first weeks of COVID-19 social distancing rules in Australia. The main outcome was time to first appointment with the primary general practitioner (GP) measured using a Cox proportional hazards model.Results: GPs received digital messaging for 51,052 veterans and post messaging for 26,859 veterans. The proportion of patients seeing their primary GP during the three months following intervention was higher in the digital group (77.8%) than the post group (61.5%) (p<0.01). Being in the digital group was associated with earlier appointments. Conclusion: Current infrastructure coupled with innovative solutions is effective in promoting care coordination at scale during national emergencies, opening up new perspectives for precision public health initiatives.
Decreased Serum Iron Concentration and Total Iron Binding Capacity Are Associated With Serious Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Su Jingling , Ren Yandan , Liu Lupeng , Hu Yiqun , Shi Huaxiu , Ren Jianlin , xie chenxi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate whether serum indicators related to iron stores in the body are associated with clinical and endoscopic disease severity.
Methods
Eighty-four patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and twenty-four healthy volunteers were included in this retrospective study. Clinical and endoscopic severity of disease was recorded by Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI) scores and the simple endoscopic score of Crohn’s disease (SES-CD), respectively. The indicators related to iron stores included serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), ferritin, transferrin (Tf), and transferrin saturation (TSAT%). They were detected within one week after endoscopic and CT enterography examinations.
Results
Patients were divided into three groups according to the CDAI scores. Serum iron levels were decreased in all patient groups (p < 0.05), and the values of remission group were higher than those of moderate group (p < 0.001). The TIBC values of the moderate group were lower than those of the controls and the other patient groups (p < 0.05). The above two indicators were negatively correlated with CDAI scores (p < 0.05). None of the indicators differed significantly among the patients classified by SES-CD (p > 0.05). Underweight, decreased serum iron and TIBC were independent risk factors for moderate clinical disease. Combined detection of decreased serum iron and TIBC was helpful in differentiating severe patients. The sensitivity and specificity were 32.7% and 100%, respectively (AUC = 0.812, p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Decreases in serum iron and TIBC were associated with the clinical activity of CD. Combined detection of the two indicators was conducive to screening patients with serious disease.
Risk Factors for the Development of Nosocomial Pneumonia and Its Clinical Impact in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Gerod Ferdinand Jr Rivera , Ongjoco Edgar , Castro Rod , Masbang Armin , Repotente Elmer Casley , Cruz Darwin Dela , Gata Heidi Louise , Nierras Christine Megan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe development of nosocomial pneumonia after cardiac surgery is a significant post-operative complication that may lead to increased morbidity, mortality, and hospital cost. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with it and to determine its clinical impact in terms of in-hospital mortality and morbidity.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study conducted among all adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery from 2014-2019 in St. Luke’s Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines. Baseline characteristics and possible risk factors for pneumonia were retrieved from medical records. Nosocomial pneumonia was based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. Clinical outcomes include in-hospital mortality and morbidity. Odds ratios from logistic regression was computed to determine risk factors associated with pneumonia using STATA 15.0.ResultsOut of 373 patients included in this study, 104 (28%) patients acquired pneumonia. Most surgeries were coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (71.58%), followed by valve repair/replacement (29.76%). Neither age, sex, BMI, diabetes, LV dysfunction, renal dysfunction, COPD/asthma, urgency of surgery, surgical time, nor smoking showed association in the development of pneumonia. However, preoperative stay of >2 days was associated with 92.3% (95%CI 18–213%) increased odds of having pneumonia (p=.009). Also, every additional hour on mechanical ventilation conferred 0.8% (95%CI, 0.3–1%) greater odds of acquiring pneumonia (p=.003).Patients who developed pneumonia had 3.9 times odds of mortality (95%CI 1.51–9.89, p=.005), 3.8 times odds of prolonged hospitalization (95%CI 1.81–7.90,p<.001), 6.4 times odds of prolonged ICU stay (95%CI 3.59–11.35,p<.001), and 9.5 times odds of postoperative reintubation (95%CI 3.01–29.76,p<.001). ConclusionAmong adult patients undergoing cardiac surgeries, prolonged preoperative hospital stay and prolonged mechanical ventilation were both associated with an increased risk for nosocomial pneumonia. Those who developed pneumonia had worse outcomes with significantly increased in-hospital mortality, prolonged hospitalization, prolonged ICU stay, and increased postoperative re-intubation. Clinicians should therefore minimize delays in surgery to avoid unnecessary exposure to pathogenic organisms. Also, timely liberation from mechanical ventilation after surgery should be encouraged.
Spatial Distributions of 226Ra and 228Ra in the Indian and Southern Oceans in 2020 and Their Implications for Unique Currents
Authors: Inoue Mutsuo , Hanaki Shotaro , Kameyama Hiroaki , Kumamoto Yuichiro , Nagao Seiya 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We examined the spatial variations in 226Ra and 228Ra concentrations from the surface to a depth of 830 m in the Indian and Southern Oceans during December 2019–January 2020. Notably, 226Ra concentrations at the surface increased sharply from 30°S to 60°S along an ~55°E transect (1.4 to 2.9 mBq/L), exhibiting small vertical variations, while 228Ra became depleted, particularly in the Southern Ocean. These distributions indicated the ocean-scale northward lateral movements of 226Ra-rich and 228Ra-depleted currents originating from the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). Using 226Ra concentrations, the fractions of the ACC at depths of 0–800 m were estimated to decrease from 0.95 to 0.14 from 60°S to 30°S through 0.56 at 43°S. The fractions in the subantarctic area the western Indian Ocean were higher than those previously reported from the eastern, indicating the preferential transport of the ACC. The fractions obtained were approximately equivalent to those in the western Indian section in the 1970s. This could be attributed to the minimal effects of the southward shift of the polar front due to global warming over the last 40 y, implying no notable changes in soluble material transport systems from the Southern Ocean to southern Indian Ocean.
Post-resuscitation partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide and outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Okada Nobunaga , Matsuyama Tasuku , Okada Yohei , Okada Asami , Kandori Kenji , Nakajima Satoshi , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Ohta Bon 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We aimed to estimate the association between PaCO2 level in the patient after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation with patient outcome based on a multicenter prospective cohort registry in Japan between June 2014 and December 2015.Based on the PaCO2 within 24-h after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), patients were divided into six groups as follow; severe hypocapnia (<25mmHg), mild hypocapnia (25–35mmHg,), normocapnia (35–45mmHg), mild hypercapnia (45–55mmHg), severe hypercapnia (>55mmHg), exposure to both hypocapnia and hypercapnia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the 1-month poor neurological outcome (Cerebral Performance Category ≥3). Among the 13491 OHCA patients, 607 were included. Severe hypocapnia, mild hypocapnia, severe hypercapnia, and exposure to both hypocapnia and hypercapnia were associated with a higher rate of 1-month poor neurological outcome compared with mild hypercapnia (aOR 6.68 [95% CI 2.16–20.67], 2.56 [1.30–5.04], 2.62 [1.06–6.47], 5.63 [2.21–14.34]; respectively). There was no significant difference between the outcome of patients with normocapnia and mild hypercapnia. In conclusion, maintaining normocapnia and mild hypercapnia during the 24-h after ROSC was associated with better neurological outcomes than other PaCO2 abnormalities in this study.
A Novel Model to Predict Academic Satisfaction on Scientific Research Among Medical Postgraduates in China: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Luo Ting , Yang Mengyuan , Wang Yongxiang , Guo Fei , Mei Peng , Jin Shengyang , Xie Xiaohui , Ding Yiling , Lei Mingxing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Academic satisfaction with scientific research is an important reflection of whether the process or result of academic research meets researchers’ expectations. However, the status quo and associated factors among medical postgraduates have not been studied extensively. We carried out a cross-sectional study. This study was based on an online questionnaire that was designed and extended to medical postgraduates in hospitals affiliated with Chinese universities between November 12, 2020, and January 12, 2021. An 11 Likert scale (from 0 to 10) was used to measure self-satisfaction, and the mean score among academic masters, professional masters and doctors was 4.43, 3.70 and 4.65, respectively. For a total of 1067 medicine participants, low academic satisfaction significantly correlated with depression or anxiety. Research learning manner of self-learning without guidance is another important risk factor (OR=1.88). Medical school year of training, number of projects participated, research working time per day and marital status are other considerable associated factors but less association between papers and satisfaction. The results suggested that academic satisfaction among medical postgraduates improves with the guidance and projects participated. Assessing low satisfaction early and intervention measures are needed to improve academic satisfaction, especially for master candidates.
Denonvilliers’ Fascia Acts as the Fulcrum and Hammock for Continence After Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Lu Xuwei , He Chang , Zhang Sihong , Yang Fan , Guo Zhuifeng , Huang Jiaqi , He Minke , Wu Jiawen , Sheng Xia , Lin Wenyao , Cheng Jie , Guo Jianming , Wang Hang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Radical prostatectomy (RP) is the primary treatment of localized prostate cancer. Immediate urinary incontinence post-RP was still common and depressing without specific reason.Methods: A multicenter cohort of 154 consecutive patients from 2018 to 2020, who was diagnosed with localized prostate cancer underwent either modified mini-incision retropubic radical prostatectomy (Mmi-RRP) or laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) or robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Seventy-two patients with DF spared were included in DFS group. Whereas eighty-two patients with DF completely or partially dissected were set as Group Control. The primary outcome was Immediate continence (ImC). Continuous data and categorical data were analyzed with t-test and Chi-square test, respectively. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated with logistic regression.Results: Urinary continence of Group DFS was significantly better than that of Group Control at each time point within one year after operation. Incidence rate of continence in Group DFS and Group Control were 83.3% vs 13.4% (P<0.001) for ImC, 90.3% vs 30.5% (P<0.001) at 3months, 91.7% vs 64.6% (P<0.001) at 6months, and 93.1% vs 80.5% (P=0.023) at 1year after operation, respectively. Positive surgical margin (PSM) showed no significant difference (20.8% vs 20.7%, P=0.988). In multivariate analysis, DFS showed importance for ImC post RP (OR=26.418, P<0.001).Conclusions: Denonvilliers’ fascia acted as the fulcrum and hammock for continence post RP. Preservation of DF contributed to better continence after RP without increase of PSM.Trail registration: Our research was conducted retrospectively and approved by the ethical committees of Minhang Hospital, but not registered.