bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability of near‐fault seismic risk to reinforced concrete buildings based on high‐resolution physics‐based ground motion simulations
Authors: Kenawy Maha , McCallen David , Pitarka Arben 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBroadband physics‐based simulated earthquake ground motions are utilized to characterize the regional‐scale seismic risk to modern reinforced concrete (RC) structures. A highly dense dataset of ground motions covering a 100‐km 40‐km domain was generated using kinematic fault rupture models with varying rupture characteristics to represent shallow crustal earthquakes and resolved up to frequencies of 5 Hz. Over 40,000 nonlinear response history simulations of short‐ and mid‐rise RC special moment frame buildings were conducted using simulation models that are capable of representing nonlinear behavior and component deterioration effects. The spatial variability of structural risk within a single earthquake scenario and between different rupture scenarios is examined, and the regions of strongest directivity effects and highest structural demands are identified. The structural demands may vary by factor of up to 8.0 at very short distances from the fault, and the large dispersion in the demands decreases significantly beyond a distance of 15 km. The interstory drift and member rotation demands are substantially impacted by important features of the geological structure and the characteristics of the rupture scenarios, particularly the presence of localized high‐slip regions. The frequency characteristics of the structures are found to play an important role in determining the effects of near‐fault ground motions on the structural response and expected damage. The results of this study suggest that the simulated ground motions, particularly those generated using the hybrid rupture approach, may offer reasonable structural risk estimates for low‐frequency structures and conservative estimates for high‐frequency structures.
Localization in mobile wireless sensor networks using drones
Authors: Kaushik Abhinesh , Lobiyal D. K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLocalization is one of the most important aspects of wireless sensor networks. Most of the localization algorithms proposed in the literature, work for static networks. However, the performance of these protocols in the mobile environment still needs to be investigated. Localization in a mobile environment may pose challenges of accuracy and computational complexity due to mobility of the nodes. In this article, we have proposed an algorithm for localization in mobile wireless sensor networks using drones (LMWSND). A drone‐based algorithm is proposed to simulate the moving trajectory of the drones. The proposed drone‐based algorithm uses the technique of received signal strength between the drone and unknown sensor nodes to find the distance between them. The distance thus obtained is used for localization of the unknown nodes. A new method is used to solve the system of distance equations to restrict the propagation of error. Furthermore, the mathematical analysis of the propagation error in LMWSND proves the superiority of our proposed algorithm in comparison to other algorithms. The results obtained through simulations further strengthen our conclusion that the proposed algorithm reduces the propagation of error. We have also proposed another algorithm to choose the nearby beacon points for better utilization of the network resources and to reduce the computational efforts.
A meshfree Lagrangian method for flow on manifolds
Authors: Suchde Pratik 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this article, we present a novel meshfree framework for fluid flow simulations on arbitrarily curved surfaces. First, we introduce a new meshfree Lagrangian framework to model flow on surfaces. Meshfree points or particles, which are used to discretize the domain, move in a Lagrangian sense along the given surface. This is done without discretizing the bulk around the surface, without parametrizing the surface, and without a background mesh. A key novelty that is introduced is the handling of flow with evolving free boundaries on a curved surface. The use of this framework to model flow on moving and deforming surfaces is also introduced. Then, we present the application of this framework to solve fluid flow problems defined on surfaces numerically. In combination with a meshfree generalized finite difference method (GFDM), we introduce a strong form meshfree collocation scheme to solve the Navier–Stokes equations posed on manifolds. Benchmark examples are proposed to validate the Lagrangian framework and the surface Navier–Stokes equations with the presence of free boundaries.
Profiling beneficial phytochemicals in a potato somatic hybrid for tuber peels processing: phenolic acids and anthocyanins composition
Authors: Ben Jeddou Khawla , Kammoun Mariem , Hellström Jarkko , Gutiérrez‐Quequezana Liz , Rokka Veli‐Matti , Gargouri‐Bouzid Radhia , Ellouze‐Chaabouni Semia , Nouri‐Ellouz Oumèma 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to characterize the peels of a CN1 somatic hybrid obtained from two dihaploid potato lines (Cardinal H14 and Nicola H1) in terms of the health‐promoting phenolic compounds (phenolic acids and anthocyanins). The CN1 hybrid is defined by a pink tuber skin color making it different from the light‐yellow‐skinned “Spunta,” which is the most commonly grown potato cultivar in Tunisia. Oven‐dried peel samples derived from CN1 hybrid and cv. Spunta were ground, and phenolic compounds were extracted with water or methanol for quantification. Lyophilized peels were used for the phenolic acid and anthocyanin analyses. Higher total quantities of phenolic compounds were recovered in methanol extracts compared with water extracts. A slightly higher concentration of phenolic acids (100 mg/100 g DW) was obtained in the lyophilized peels extract of CN1 hybrid than in the cv. Spunta corresponding sample (83 mg/100 g DW). The profiles of the chlorogenic acid isomers were almost identical in both of CN1 hybrid and cv. Spunta. Caffeic acid (CA) and three caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs): 3‐CQA, 4‐CQA, and 5‐CQA, were identified from both genotypes, 5‐CQA being the dominant form in both potatoes. Since the CN1 hybrid has a pink skin color, its anthocyanin profile was also determined. The anthocyanin quantity in the CN1 peels was 5.07 mg/100 g DW, involving six different anthocyanins that were identified within the extract, namely, Pelargonidin‐3‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside, peonidin‐3‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside, coumaroyl ester of pelargonidin‐3‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside, coumaroyl ester of peonidin‐3‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside, feruloyl ester of pelargonidin‐3‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside, and feruloyl ester of peonidin‐3‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside. These results suggest that the peel waste of CN1 somatic hybrid can be considered as a promising source of high‐value compounds for food industry.
On the functional role of striatal and anterior cingulateGABA+ in stimulus‐response binding
Authors: Takacs Adam , Stock Ann‐Kathrin , Kuntke Paul , Werner Annett , Beste Christian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSuccessful response selection relies on constantly updating stimulus–response associations. The Theory of Event Coding (TEC) proposes that perception and action are conjointly coded in event files, for which fronto‐striatal networks seem to play an important role. However, the exact neurobiochemical mechanism behind event file coding has remained unknown. We investigated the functional relevance of the striatal and anterior cingulate (ACC) GABAergic system using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Specifically, the striatal and ACC concentrations of GABA+ referenced against N‐acetylaspartate (NAA) were assessed in 35 young healthy males, who subsequently performed a standard event file task. As predicted by the TEC, the participants' responses were modulated by pre‐established stimulus response bindings in event files. GABA+/NAA concentrations in the striatum and ACC were not correlated with the overall event binding effect. However, higher GABA+/NAA concentrations in the ACC were correlated with stronger event file binding processes in the early phase of the task. This association disappeared by the end of the task. Taken together, our findings show that striatal GABA+ levels does not seem to modulate event file binding, while ACC GABA+ seem to improve event file binding, but only as long as the participants have not yet gathered sufficient task experience. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study providing direct evidence for the role of striatal and ACC GABA+ in stimulus–response bindings and thus insights into the brain structure‐specific neurobiological aspects of the TEC.
Endoscopic Cyanoacrylate Injection Versus Balloon‐Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration for Prevention of Gastric Variceal Bleeding: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Luo Xuefeng , Xiang Tong , Wu Junchao , Wang Xiaoze , Zhu Yongjun , Xi Xiaotan , Yan Yuling , Yang Jinlin , García‐Pagán Juan Carlos , Yang Li 
Published: January 2021

Background and Aims
The optimal treatment for gastric varices (GVs) is a topic that remains open for study. This study compared the efficacy and safety of endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection and balloon‐occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) to prevent rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis and GVs after primary hemostasis.

Approach and Results
Patients with cirrhosis and history of bleeding from gastroesophageal varices type 2 or isolated gastric varices type 1 were randomized to cyanoacrylate injection (n = 32) or BRTO treatment (n = 32). Primary outcomes were gastric variceal rebleeding or all‐cause rebleeding. Patient characteristics were well balanced between two groups. Mean follow‐up time was 27.1 ± 12.0 months in a cyanoacrylate injection group and 27.6 ± 14.3 months in a BRTO group. Probability of gastric variceal rebleeding was higher in the cyanoacrylate injection group than in the BRTO group (P = 0.024). Probability of remaining free of all‐cause rebleeding at 1 and 2 years for cyanoacrylate injection versus BRTO was 77% versus 96.3% and 65.2% versus 92.6% (P = 0.004). Survival rates, frequency of complications, and worsening of esophageal varices were similar in both groups. BRTO resulted in fewer hospitalizations, inpatient stays, and lower medical costs.

Conclusions
BRTO is more effective than cyanoacrylate injection in preventing rebleeding from GVs, with similar frequencies of complications and mortalities.
Hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretched cylinder with the impact of homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions and Cattaneo–Christov heat flux: Series solution and numerical simulation
Authors: John Christopher Anthonysamy , Magesh Nanjundan , Punith Gowda Ramanahalli Jayadevamurthy , Naveen Kumar Rangaswamy , Varun Kumar Ravikumar Shashikala 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Catteno–Christov heat flux plays a dynamic role in flow of heat enhancement in various manufacturing, industrial, and engineering applications. This present work focuses on the influence of Catteno–Christov heat flux model on Darcy–Forchheimer flow of a hybrid nanofluid placed in a porous medium. The formulation of the mathematical model is done by considering a fluid with two different nanoparticles Al2O3 and Cu dispersed in the water as the base fluid. The set of partial differntial equations is reduced by using similarity variables and boundary conditions to obtain ordinary differntial equations. The coupled nonlinear governing differential equations are solved using Runge–Kutta fourth–fifth order (RKF‐45). The impact of numerous dimensionless parameters on the velocity, thermal, and concentration profiles are plotted and studied. Furthermore, the coefficient of skin friction for the relevant parameters are analysed through graphs. Result reveals that, increase in the porosity parameter declines the velocity gradient and shoots up the thermal and concentration gradients. Inclination in magnetic parameter declines velocity and concentration profiles due to the Lorentz force. Enhancement in the thermal relaxation parameter declines the thermal profile. Inclination in homogeneous‐heterogeneous reaction parameters declines the mass transfer rate. Also, the well‐known differential transform method is used for the validity of RKF‐45 method and an impressive agreement is noticed between the results of RKF‐45 and DTM.
Genital powder use and risk of uterine cancer: A pooled analysis of prospective studies
Authors: O'Brien Katie M. , Tworoger Shelley S. , Harris Holly R. , Trabert Britton , Weinberg Clarice R. , Fortner Renee T. , D'Aloisio Aimee A. , Kaunitz Andrew M. , Wentzensen Nicolas , Sandler Dale P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhen powder is applied to the genital area, it has the potential to reach internal reproductive organs and promote carcinogenesis by irritating and inflaming exposed tissues. Although many studies have considered the association between genital powder use and ovarian cancer risk, the relationship between genital powder use and uterine cancer is less well‐studied. We pooled data from four large, prospective cohorts (the Nurses' Health Study, the Nurses' Health Study II, the Sister Study and the Women's Health Initiative ‐ Observational Study). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for prespecified confounders. In total, 209 185 women were included, with 37% reporting ever genital powder use. Over a mean 14.5 years of follow‐up, 3272 invasive uterine cancers were diagnosed. There was no overall association between ever genital powder use and uterine cancer (HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.94‐1.09), with little difference observed for frequent (≥1 times/week) vs never use (HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.95‐1.16; P‐for‐trend = .46). Long‐term use (>20 years; HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.96‐1.31; P‐for‐trend = 0.14) was associated with a small, but not statistically significant, increase in risk, compared to never use. There were not clear differences by uterine cancer histologic subtypes or across strata of relevant covariates, including race/ethnicity, follow‐up time, menopausal status and body mass index. The results of this large, pooled analysis do not support a relationship between the use of genital powder and uterine cancer, although the positive associations observed for long‐term use may merit further consideration.
The relationship between excessive lending, risk premium and risk‐taking: Evidence from European banks
Authors: Alhalabi Thaer , Castro Vitor , Wood Justine 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBanks normally trade‐off the amount of loans created by the amount of risk piled up in their assets portfolios. However, their performance can induce a ‘search for yield’ or ‘gamble to survive’ behaviour. Using sample of 149 European banks during the period 2001–2016, we show that the risk management hypothesis holds for the period after the 2007–2008 financial crisis and for large banks. Contrarily, the moral hazard hypothesis, under which banks practise excessive lending to relatively risky borrowers that pay higher premium but increase their credit risk, is supported in the pre‐crisis period and for small banks. Additionally, we provide important implications to suggest that the post‐crisis regulations have restrained banks with poor performance from the ‘gamble to survive’ behaviour.
The impact of COVID‐19 on unemployment rate: An intelligent based unemployment rate prediction in selected countries of Europe
Authors: Ahmad Muneeb , Khan Yousaf Ali , Jiang Chonghui , Kazmi Syed Jawad Haider , Abbas Syed Zaheer 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnemployment remains a major cause for both developed and developing nations, due to which they lose their financial and economic impact as a whole. Unemployment rate prediction achieved researcher attention from a fast few years. The intention of doing our research is to examine the impact of the coronavirus on the unemployment rate. Accurately predicting the unemployment rate is a stimulating job for policymakers, which plays an imperative role in a country's financial and financial development planning. Classical time series models such as ARIMA models and advanced non‐linear time series methods be previously hired for unemployment rate prediction. It is known to us that mostly these data sets are non‐linear as well as non‐stationary. Consequently, a random error can be produced by a distinct time series prediction model. Our research considers hybrid prediction approaches supported by linear and non‐linear models to preserve forecast the unemployment rates much precisely. These hybrid approaches of the unemployment rate can advance their estimates by reproducing the unemployment ratio irregularity. These models' appliance is exposed to six unemployment rate statistics sets from Europe's selected countries, specifically France, Spain, Belgium, Turkey, Italy and Germany. Among these hybrid models, the hybrid ARIMA‐ARNN forecasting model performed well for France, Belgium, Turkey and Germany, whereas hybrid ARIMA‐SVM performed outclass for Spain and Italy. Furthermore, these models are used for the best future prediction. Results show that the unemployment rate will be higher in the coming years, which is the consequence of the coronavirus, and it will take at least 5 years to overcome the impact of COVID‐19 in these countries.
Duration and quality of sleep during pregnancy are associated with preterm birth and small for gestational age: A prospective study
Authors: Li Run , Zhang Ju , Gao Yan , Zhang Yiqi , Lan Xi , Dong Hongli , Wu Cheng , Yu Chengwei , Peng Min , Zeng Guo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the associations of duration and quality of sleep during pregnancy with preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA).MethodsA prospective study was carried out on 1082 healthy women with singleton pregnancies from Chengdu, China. Self‐report questionnaires, including duration and quality of sleep and other information, were administered at 8–12, 24–28, and 32–36 weeks of pregnancy. Data on gestational age and weight and length of the neonates were recorded after delivery. After controlling the potential confounders, a multivariable logistic regression model was performed to evaluate whether duration and quality of sleep were associated with preterm birth and SGA.ResultsParticipants with short duration of sleep during the third trimester were more likely to report preterm birth (odds ratio [OR] 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26–4.81) and SGA (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.18–6.54). Participants with poor quality of sleep during the third trimester were at high risk for preterm birth (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.29–5.84) and SGA (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.19–5.38).ConclusionShort duration and poor quality of sleep during pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and SGA. Sleep characteristics should be assessed during prenatal evaluations to decrease adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
Cardiotoxicity induced by Cochinchina momordica seed extract in zebrafish
Authors: Du Zheng‐Cai , Xia Zhong‐Shang , Huang Yan‐Feng , Peng Yi , Cao Bing‐Bing , Li Chun‐Qi , Liang Yun‐Fei , Zhao Fang‐Hui , Zhang Ming‐Zhe , Chen Zhang‐Mei , Hou Xiao‐Tao , Hao Er‐Wei , Deng Jia‐Gang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMomordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng is an indigenous South Asian edible fruit, and seeds of Momordica cochinchinensis have been used therapeutically in traditional Chinese medicine. Previous studies have shown that M. cochinchinensis seed (Momordicae Semen) has various pharmaceutical properties such as antioxidant and anti‐ulcer effects as well as contains secondary metabolites with potential anticancer activities such as triterpenoids and saponins. Recent studies reported that water extract and ethanol extract of M. cochinchinensi seed were tested on mammals using an acute toxic classic method as OECD guidelines 420. No matter injected intravenously or intramuscularly, animals died within several days. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to various doses of Cochinchina momordica seed extract (CMSE) from 2 dpf (days post fertilization, dpf) to 3 dpf. CMSE‐induced cardiotoxicity such as pericardial edema, cardiac apoptosis, increased ROS production, cardiac neutrophil infiltration, decreased blood flow velocity, and reduced expression of three marker genes of cardiac functions were found in zebrafish roughly in a dose‐dependent manner. These results suggest that CMSE may induce cardiotoxicity through pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
Continuous assessment of metabolic activity of mitochondria using resonance Raman microspectroscopy
Authors: Lalonde Joshua W. , Noojin Gary D. , Pope Nathaniel J. , Powell Samantha M. , Yakovlev Vladislav V. , Denton Michael L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDysfunctional mitochondrial activity can lead to a variety of different diseases. As such, there exists a need to quantify changes in mitochondria function as it relates to these specific diseased states. Here, we present the use of resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy as a tool to determine changes in isolated mitochondrial activity. RR spectroscopy, using 532 nm as the excitation source, specifically provides information on the reduction and oxidation (RedOx) state of cytochrome c, which is determined by the activity of protein complexes in the electron transport chain (ETC). In this model, injection of the substrate succinate into the mitochondrial sample is used to drive the ETC, which causes a subsequent change in cytochrome c RedOx state. This change in RedOx state is tracked by RR spectroscopy. This tool gives real‐time information on the rise and fall of the amount of reduced cytochrome c within the mitochondrial sample, providing a method for rapid assessment of mitochondrial metabolism that has broad applications in both basic science and medical research.
Noninvasive measurement of the 308nm LED‐basedUVBprotection factor of sunscreens
Authors: Kobylinski Susanna , Reble Carina , Schanzer Sabine , Gersonde Ingo , Wiora Georg , Lobo Ploch Neysha , Karrer Hans , Kolbe Ludger , Khazaka Georg , Lademann Jürgen , Meinke Martina C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe current method for determining the sun protection factor (SPF) requires erythema formation. Noninvasive alternatives have recently been suggested by several groups. Our group previously developed a functional sensor based on diffuse reflectance measurements with one UVB LED, which was previously evaluated on pig ear skin. Here we present the results of a systematic in vivo study using 12 sunscreens on 10 volunteers (skin types [ST] I‐III). The relationship of the UVB‐LED reflectance of unprotected skin and melanin index was determined for each ST. The spatial variation of the reflectance signal of different positions was analyzed and seems to be mainly influenced by sample inhomogeneity except for high‐protection factors (PFs) where signal levels are close to detection noise. Despite the low‐signal levels, a correlation of the measured LED‐based UVB PF with SPF reference values from test institutes with R2= 0.57 is obtained, suggesting a strong relationship of SPF and LED‐based UVB‐PF. Measured PFs tend to be lower for increasing skin pigmentation. The sensor design seems to be suitable for investigations where a fast measurement of relative changes of PFs, such as due to inhomogeneous application, bathing and sweating, is of interest.