bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of uncertainty and disturbance estimator based tracking control for fuzzy switched systems
Authors: Sakthivel R. , Harshavarthini S. , Almakhles Dhafer J. , Kavikumar R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, an uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE)‐based control is employed to ensure the finite‐time tracking and disturbance rejection performance for a class of Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy switched systems including additive time‐varying delays, unknown time‐varying uncertainties and disturbances. To be precise, the robust tracking performance is achieved by estimating unknown uncertainties and disturbances with the aid of low‐pass filter by means of appropriate bandwidth choice of the desired filter. Moreover, a new delay‐dependent finite‐time stability criterion is derived by employing fuzzy‐dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, extended Wirtinger's integral inequality and average dwell‐time approach to enforce the addressed system to track the given reference system within a finite period of time. Finally, the developed theoretical results are ensured by presenting the numerical examples with simulation results.
Selection of an IGCT for multilevel converters dedicated to high‐voltage direct current grid connection of offshore wind‐farms
Authors: Guedon Davin , Ladoux Philippe , Sanchez Sébastien , Cornet Sébastien , Stiasny Thomas , Winter Christian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGrid connection of remote offshore wind‐parks uses high‐voltage direct current technology and in order to reduce costs and losses and maximise profitability, semiconductor power losses must be minimised. To properly choose the semiconductors, it is necessary to estimate their losses for a large number of operating conditions. This article deals with a modelling approach to calculate power losses for many such operating conditions, based on measured semiconductor characteristics and the chosen multilevel modulation strategy. The case of the integrated gate‐commutated thyristor is considered because, for a given device rating, it is possible to select an integrated gate‐commutated thyristor benefiting from the best trade‐off between on‐state losses and turn‐off losses, thus minimising the power losses of the two end‐stations.
Akute Infektionen der Hand – Ein Überblick über das Keimspektrum und gängige Antibiotika
Authors: Nischwitz Sebastian P. , Luze Hanna , Spendel Stephan , Girsch Werner , Koch Horst , Fuchsjäger Nina 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungAkute Infektionen der Hand können ein schwerwiegendes Krankheitsbild darstellen. Neben der chirurgischen Therapie ist die Etablierung einer antibiotischen Therapie in den meisten Fällen Mittel der ersten Wahl. Die häufigsten vorkommenden Keime sind Staphylococcus aureus sowie verschiedene Streptokokken. Bei Bisswunden ist zusätzlich Pasteurella multocida sehr häufig vertreten. Resistenzen gegen Antibiotika der entsprechenden Keime sind der publizierten Literatur zu Folge im (mittel-)europäischen Raum glücklicherweise selten, sodass Cephalosporine der 1. oder 2. Gruppe sowie Aminopenicilline mit Betalaktamaseinhibitoren die Mittel der Wahl darstellen. Insbesondere bei Begleiterkrankungen oder ungewöhnlicher Ätiologie der Infektion ist jedoch ein breiteres Keimspektrum zu erwarten, sodass eine Gewebeprobe zur Etablierung der optimalen antibiotischen Therapie wertvolle Informationen liefert. Infektionen der Hand sollten in jedem Fall mit besonderer Aufmerksamkeit engmaschig betreut werden, um gravierende Komplikationen zu verhindern. Dies sollte in enger Zusammenarbeit mit den beteiligten Fachdisziplinen sowie Physiotherapeuten erfolgen.
Spinal Pedicle Morphometry using Multidetector CT—An experience from the Indian Subcontinent
Authors: Sahu Samaresh , Yadav Ravinder , Sudhan Manoharan D. , Rao Akhilesk , Mohimen Aneesh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction For safe pedicle screws placement, knowledge of pedicle morphometry is essential, because an inconsistency between pedicle width and the screw diameter may lead to severe complications like nerve, vessel or visceral injuries.
Objectives To study the spinal pedicle width and height of lumbar spine, using multidetector CT (MDCT), among the Indian population. To study the spinal pedicle angulation of lumbar spine, using MDCT, among the Indian population.
Method The study was conducted at a tertiary care multispecialty hospital. In the present study, a total of 321 patients were included, who underwent MDCT scan without contrast at our institution, over a period of 2 years, from May 2017 to May 2019. The study population (n = 321) was divided into different subgroups on the basis of the age. The data was taken from the workstation. Comparison was made separately between each subgroup.
Results In our subset of population, the 10 to 90 years age group, pedicle dimensions are as follow: The pedicle diameter from L1 to L5 is 4.46 to 11.92 mm. The pedicle height from L1 to L5 is 7.38 to 11.01 mm. The pedicle axial angulation from L1 to L5 is 22.27 to 36.08 degree. The pedicle lateral angulation from L1 to L5 is 16.12 to 22.47 degree.
Conclusion Knowledge of the pedicle morphometry (pedicle width, height and angulation) of lumbar spine will help the neurosurgeons standardize the size of pedicle screws which is required for spinal fixation surgery at various lumbar vertebra levels.
Buffering Effect of Spousal Support on Stress Levels in Mothers of Children with a Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Kerala, India
Authors: Jose Prinu , Sundaram Soumya , Varma Ravi Prasad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives Bringing up a child with the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be highly stressful. This study aimed to assess perceived stress, level of spousal support, emotion-focused coping styles, and other potentially associated factors among mothers accompanying children diagnosed with ASD for care from selected institutions in Kerala, India.

Materials and Methods Consenting parents accompanying children to therapeutic programs in selected institutions were administered a semi structured interview schedule incorporating questions of the vernacular version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), emotion-based coping strategies, spousal support in care of the child diagnosed with ASD, and possible-associated factors. Since internal consistency of stress and coping questionnaires were low, principal component analysis was used to extract composite variables with reasonable psychometric characteristics for stress and coping.

Statistical Analysis Ordinal logistic regression was performed with a three-level stress category as the outcome variable.

Results High stress was significantly associated with low spousal support (adjusted odds ratio or AOR: 2.80; 95% confidence intervals or CI 1.28–6.11), having a completely dependent child (AOR 4.24 [95% CI 1.92–9.38]), and low acceptance levels (AOR 2.60 [95% CI 1.14–5.89]). Unlike mothers with high spousal support, mothers with low spousal support were likely to have difficulty in interacting with others (p = 0.02) and a low level of acceptance (p = 0.05).

Conclusion Spousal support is important to preserve psychological health in mothers of children diagnosed with ASD. Mothers with low spousal support may need interventions that help increase acceptance levels or decrease avoidant behavior.
Leprous Neuropathy: Observational Study Highlighting the Role of Electrophysiology in Early Diagnosis
Authors: Vijayan Beena V. , Dominic Maria R. , Nair Vijayan C.P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background Worldwide leprosy is a common cause of peripheral neuropathy. Electrophysiology is underutilized in its diagnosis.

Objective This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of electrophysiological study in the diagnosis of leprous neuropathy.

Materials and Methods Clinical and electrophysiological abnormalities of 36 histopathology proven leprosy patients from January 2015 to January 2017 were studied.

Statistical Analysis Proportions were compared by Chi-square test.

Results Total patients were 36. Thirty-four patients had abnormal electrophysiology and 34 had neurological deficits like weakness, sensory changes, and thickening. By clinical examination, multiple nerve involvement (motor weakness, sensory changes, and nerve thickening) occurred in 29, single nerve in 5, and no nerve involvement in 2. With electrophysiology, multiple nerve involvement (mononeuritis multiplex) was present in 32, single nerve in 2, and normal conduction parameters in 2. From the 36 patients, a total of 1,008 nerves were subjected to clinical examination and 132 were picked up clinically as affected, (13.1%). Electrophysiological study was done in 504 nerves, and 215 were found to be involved, (43%). Nerve abnormality detected by electrophysiology is significantly higher than clinical detection. (Chi-square =164.4054; p = 0.0000). Clinically, the most commonly affected nerve was unar (27) and the least affected was median (2) nerve. Electrophysiology detected 69% of nerves with demyelination and 35% of nerves with axonal features (mosaic pattern).

Discussion There was subclinical neuropathy with electroclinical dissociation, as evidenced by more abnormality in electrophysiology than clinical examination. The nerve involvement was mononeuritis or mononeuritis multiplex pattern, both clinically and electrophysiologically. Electrophysiology showed both axonal and demyelinating nerve involvement (mosaic pattern). All the three features are present in leprous neuropathy. In corollary, if a patient has these electrophysiological features, he should be thoroughly investigated for leprosy.

Conclusion Triple findings, such as subclinical neuropathy with electroclinical dissociation, mononeuritis multiplex, and mosaic pattern of demyelination and axonopathy, suggest leprous neuropathy
Incivility and danger: theorizing a Muslim undercaste in Europe
Authors: Becker Elisabeth 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPositing Muslim positionality in Europe as an undercaste helps to make sense of how cultural stratification, rooted in associations with incivility, has resulted in deep and unrelenting inequalities experienced by diverse Muslims. Based on two years of ethnographic research with a Muslim community in Berlin as well as a survey of secondary research, this paper both theorizes and empirically showcases the process by which Muslims have become synonymous with incivility, and how this affects opportunities and inclusion across the educational, economic, residential, and private spheres. By drawing parallels with other instances of caste-based status differentiation in the West, specifically the Jewish experience in Europe and Black experience in the USA, it further illuminates how cultural stratification through associations with incivility (as a modern secular coding of impurity) that endures for generations functions in the contemporary world. Employing the concept of caste deepens the cultural turn that has replaced economic or legal explanations of Muslim marginality in Europe. And it awakens a dormant sociological vocabulary that allows for a more precise theoretical understanding of this empirical social phenomenon and thereby the possibilities—and limits—of pluralism in modernity.
Safety culture to improve accidental event reporting in radiotherapy
Authors: Tramacere Francesco , Sardaro Angela , Arcangeli Stefano , Maggialetti Nicola , Altini Corinna , Rubini Dino , Rubini Giuseppe , Portaluri Maurizio , Niccoli Asabella Artor 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose. The potential for unintended and adverse radiation exposure in radiotherapy (RT) is real and should be studied because RT is a highly complex, multistep process, which requires input from numerous individuals from different areas and steps of the RT workflow. The ‘Incident’ (I) is an event the consequence of which is not negligible from the point of view of protection or safety. A ‘near miss’ (NM) is defined as an event that is highly likely to happen but did not occur. The purpose of this work is to show that through systematic reporting and analysis of these adverse events, their occurrence can be reduced. Materials and methods. Staff were trained to report every type of unintended and adverse radiation exposure and to provide a full description of it. Results. By 2018, 110 worksheets had been collected, with an average of 6.1 adverse events per year (with 780 patients treated per year, meaning an average incident rate of 0.78%). In 2001–2009, 37 events were registered (13 I and 24 NM), the majority of them were in the decision phase (12/37), while in 2010–2013, there were 42 (1 I and 41 NM) in both the dose-calculation and transfer phase (19/42). In 2014–2018, 31 events (1 I and 30 NM) were equally distributed across the phases of the RT process. In 9/15 cases of I, some checkpoint was introduced. Conclusion. The complexity of the RT workflow is prone to errors, and this must be taken into account by encouraging a safety culture. The aim of this paper is to present the collected incidents and near misses and to show how organization and practice were modified by the acquired knowledge.
Rotation by deformation and time-crystalline dynamics of cyclopropane molecule
Authors: Peng Xubiao , Dai Jin , Niemi Antti J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A deformable body can rotate even with no angular momentum simply by changing its shape. Here the first all-atom level molecular dynamics example of this phenomenon is presented. For this the thermal vibrations of individual atoms in an isolated cyclopropane molecule are simulated in vacuum and at ultra-low internal temperature values. When the molecule is observed stroboscopically, at discrete equidistant time steps, the random thermal vibrations of the individual atoms become self-organized into a collective oscillatory motion of the entire molecule. The period of oscillation is emergent and intrinsic to the molecule so that this self-organization bears resemblance to a driven time crystal. The oscillation period increases in a self-similar manner when the length of the stroboscopic time step is increased. In the limit of very long stroboscopic time steps the entire molecule can then rotate in an apparent uniform fashion, but with no angular momentum. It is proposed that the observed behavior is universal in the case of triangular molecules. Moreover, it is shown that the emergent uniform rotation without any angular momentum, can be described in an effective theory approach as an autonomous Hamiltonian time crystal. The emergent oscillatory motion appears to be highly sensitive to temperature. This proposes that potential applications could be found from the development of molecular level detector to sensor and control technologies.
Synthesis of α-Alumina Developed from Waste Aluminium using Precipitation Technique
Authors: Bin Mokaizh Aiman A. , Shariffuddin Jun Haslinda Binti Haji 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The heated aluminium containers were added to a solution of 8.0 M H2SO4 solution, which eventually yielded a solution of Al2(SO4)3 after a series of stepwise precipitation reactions. Al2(SO4)3 was presented in large quantities of H2SO4 in the white semi-fluid solution; there were some unreacted aluminium parts. The solution was subjected to filtration and then mixed with anion in a ratio of 2:3, this resulted in the formation of a white layer Al2(SO4)3•18H2O. Thereafter, Al2(SO4)3•18H2O was calcined in an electric oven for 2 h at various calcination temperatures (500, 700, 900, 1100, and 1300°C). The mixtures were heated and cooled at a rate of 10°C/min. XRD was employed to investigate variations in temperature and determination of elemental accumulation of alumina produced. Ah(SO4)3•18H2O was due to a series of aluminium compositions produced from dehydration. All transitions from low temperatures to aluminium phases were converted to high-temperature α-Al2O3. The results obtained from X-ray disintegration showed that the α-Al2O3 phase was obtained at a reaction temperature of about 1150°C and above.
Epi-Partial Normality
Authors: Thabit S A S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The main aim of this work is to study a new version of normality called epi-partial normality, which lies between epi-almost normality and epi-mild normality. A space (X, T) is called an epi-partially normal space if there exists a topology T’, which is coarser than T, such that (X, T’) is Hausdorff partially normal. In this work, we investigate this property and present some examples that illustrate the relationships between epi-partial normality and other weaker kinds of both normality and regularity. We show that this property is a topological, a semi regularization and an additive property. Some properties and relationships of epi-partial normality are presented and proved.
Optimization of nitric acid properties for chemical recycling of cadmium from spent Ni-Cd batteries
Authors: Saleh M M , Bamsaoud Salim F. , Barfed H M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cadmium is poisonous to living species even at low doses. In the cadmium-nickel battery industry, cadmium is commonly associated with nickel and cobalt. In this paper, the experimental results revealed that in recovering cadmium from spent nickel-cadmium batteries, sulfuric acid was much less potent than nitric acid. The effect of nitric acid quantity, molarity, temperature, and recovery time are studied to improve the process of recovering cadmium from spent Nickel-Cadmium batteries. The optimum values of nitric acid quantity, molarity, temperature, recovery time, and wasted material are 70 ml, 5 M, 70°C, 180 min, and 2g respectively. The recovered materials were investigated using an x-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). An atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) was used to analyze the chemical composition of the leached samples.
Review on Data Acquisition of Electrocardiogram Biometric Recognition in Wearable Smart Textile Shirts
Authors: Nawawi Muhammad Muizz Mohd , Sidek Khairul Azami , Dafhalla Alaa K Y , Azman Amelia Wong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Electrocardiogram (ECG) wearable smart textile shirt has widely been investigated due to its high flexibility, reusability, comfort, and the possibility of being used for home-based, real-life activities and real-time measurement. ECG smart textile shirt is an embedded textile sensor inside a cloth that can capture ECG data in more convenient ways and ease user-friendly, especially for continuous and long-term ECG data acquisition outside the laboratory environment. However, the current challenge with ECG smart textile shirt is the reliability and quality of data acquired by the wearable smart textile. This review will mainly focus on the research strategies in the early stages regarding data acquisitions in ECG smart textile shirt. It will introduce researchers’ data acquisition methods in the biometric recognition system using wearable ECG smart textile. The Scopus and Mendeley databases review may help future researchers consider different parameters, which affect the reliability and data quality when selecting data acquisitions strategies in a biometric recognition system using wearable ECG smart textile shirt.
Distribution of nutrients in surface seawater from the Aden coasts/Gulf of Aden, Yemen
Authors: Kasem Saleh Shaif Mohammed , Ahmed Al-Halmi Fursan Thabet 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The concentrations of nutrients as well as some physico-chemical parameters were evaluated at the surface seawater of eight stations in Aden city coasts during winter 2019 and summer 2020. The results indicated that the concentration of nutrients were high in the study stations, exception the reference station which was far from the sources of pollution, where the domestic sewage effluents that discharge to sea. Seasonal variations showed that nitrite and nitrate concentrations in all stations were higher during winter (0.053 and 5.460 mg/L) compared to their corresponding values in summer which were 0.029 and 3.130 mg/L respectively. On contrast, seasonal distributions of phosphate and silicate exhibited significantly higher values in summer 0.746 and 1.004 mg/L compared to their corresponding values in winter, which were 0.451 and 0.881 mg/L, respectively. The results of the study confirm the importance of protecting Aden coastal waters from various pollutants, especially wastewater pollutants.
Recommendations: Maintaining and repairing the sewage network and reconnecting cities with Al-Arish station. The waste is not directly discharged to the sea until after it has been treated, provided it is safe. The application of legislation and regulations related to the protection of the marine environment.
Optimal prediction in isotropic spatial process under spherical type variogram model with application to corn plant data
Authors: Somayasa W , Sutiari D K , Sutisna W 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A central problem in modelling of spatial data is the construction of an optimal prediction map of a numerical quantity or variable under study. In geostatistics this study is commonly called universal kriging. In this paper we study weighted universal kriging method in which a weight function is used for improving the efficiency of the predictor. We consider isotropic spatial process under a variogram function belongs to the parametric family of spherical type. The parameters of the postulated variogram model are estimated by applying ordinary least squares method in that the squared distance between the variogram model and the associated variogram sample is minimized. Numerical approximation for finding the solution of the least squares equations is conducted by using graphical approach. The application of the method to a corn plant data results in the kriging map of the maximum height that can be achieved by the corn plants planted over a rectangular farm land. This investigation result can in advance describe the map of the fertility level of the farm land where the corn have been planted.
Spectral Analysis and SARIMA Model for Forecasting Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and Rainfall in West Aceh Regency
Authors: El Furqany Nuwairy , Miftahuddin  , Setiawan Ichsan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) in the Indian Ocean is one of the climatic phenomena that affects climate conditions in western Indonesia. West of Aceh Regency is one of the districts in Aceh Province which borders and faces the Indian Ocean directly, so it has a significant impact due to climate events caused by the IOD phenomenon. Analysis for examines the occurrence of climate phenomena is needed to minimize the adverse effects due to the IOD phenomenon. Spectral analysis by calculating the periodogram and the SARIMA model for forecasting historical data. The data used are monthly data on the Indian Ocean IOD index and rainfall in West of Aceh in the period January 2010 to December 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the periodicity of the IOD index data and rainfall, get a model and obtain the results of forecasting the IOD index and rainfall, and see the relationship of IOD to rainfall in West of Aceh. The results obtained in the spectral analysis are the characteristics of changes in the IOD index tend to increase or decrease in the IOD index every 17 months and the characteristics of changes in rainfall in West of Aceh tend to increase or decrease in rainfall every 6 months. The best model for predicting IOD index data is the SARIMA model (2,1,3)(0,1,1)17. Forecasting for 2020 and 2021 tend to show a downward trend in 2020 and an upward trend in 2021. While the best model for predicting West of Aceh rainfall data is the SARIMA model (2,0.2)(0,1,1)6. Forecasting for 2020 and 2021 tend to experience high rainfall in April and October for each year. The relationship obtained by the IOD index to rainfall in West of Aceh is when the IOD index is in a positive phase, rainfall in the West of Aceh region tends to decrease. Conversely, when the IOD index is in the negative phase, rainfall in the West of Aceh region tends to increase.