bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of ECG‐based seizure detection algorithms strongly depends on training and test conditions
Authors: Jahanbekam Amirhossein , Baumann Jan , Nass Robert D. , Bauckhage Christian , Hill Holger , Elger Christian E. , Surges Rainer 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo identify non‐EEG‐based signals and algorithms for detection of motor and non‐motor seizures in people lying in bed during video‐EEG (VEEG) monitoring and to test whether these algorithms work in freely moving people during mobile EEG recordings.MethodsData of three groups of adult people with epilepsy (PwE) were analyzed. Group 1 underwent VEEG with additional devices (accelerometry, ECG, electrodermal activity); group 2 underwent VEEG; and group 3 underwent mobile EEG recordings both including one‐lead ECG. All seizure types were analyzed. Feature extraction and machine‐learning techniques were applied to develop seizure detection algorithms. Performance was expressed as sensitivity, precision, F1 score, and false positives per 24 hours.ResultsThe algorithms were developed in group 1 (35 PwE, 33 seizures) and achieved best results (F1 score 56%, sensitivity 67%, precision 45%, false positives 0.7/24 hours) when ECG features alone were used, with no improvement by including accelerometry and electrodermal activity. In group 2 (97 PwE, 255 seizures), this ECG‐based algorithm largely achieved the same performance (F1 score 51%, sensitivity 39%, precision 73%, false positives 0.4/24 hours). In group 3 (30 PwE, 51 seizures), the same ECG‐based algorithm failed to meet up with the performance in groups 1 and 2 (F1 score 27%, sensitivity 31%, precision 23%, false positives 1.2/24 hours). ECG‐based algorithms were also separately trained on data of groups 2 and 3 and tested on the data of the other groups, yielding maximal F1 scores between 8% and 26%.SignificanceOur results suggest that algorithms based on ECG features alone can provide clinically meaningful performance for automatic detection of all seizure types. Our study also underscores that the circumstances under which such algorithms were developed, and the selection of the training and test data sets need to be considered and limit the application of such systems to unseen patient groups behaving in different conditions.
The three‐dimensional bioconvective flow of Sisko nanofluid under Robin's conditions
Authors: Puneeth Venkatesh , Manjunatha Sarpabhushana , Gireesha Bijjanal Jayanna , Shehzad Sabir A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe proposed model investigates three‐dimensional bioconvective Sisko nanofluid flow under Robin's conditions. The Sisko nanofluid has versatile implications in drilling fluids, cement slurries, waterborne coatings, and so on. Furthermore, the inclusion of gyrotactic microorganisms prevents the deposition and agglomeration of the nanoparticles in the base fluid. Buongiorno's model is included to explore the behavior of Brownian motion and thermophoretic factors. The energy and mass transmissions along with the gyrotactic microorganism density are illustrated by the partial differential expression system with Robin's conditions. These are further reframed into an ordinary differential equation system with the aid of similarity transformation. The developing model is tackled by using the MAPLE inbuilt package BVP. The nanofluid acts as a good cooling agent for higher values of the thermophoresis parameter. Furthermore, the pseudoplastic nanofluid performs better than the dilatant nanofluid. The developed model is very useful in energy production and engineering products.
A physically constrained wavelet‐aided statistical model for multi‐decadal groundwater dynamics predictions
Authors: Gordu Fatih , Nachabe Mahmood H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA physically constrained wavelet‐aided statistical model (PCWASM) is presented to analyse and predict monthly groundwater dynamics on multi‐decadal or longer time scales. The approach retains the simplicity of regression modelling but is constrained by temporal scales of processes responsible for groundwater level variation, including aquifer recharge and pumping. The methodology integrates statistical correlations enhanced with wavelet analysis into established principles of groundwater hydraulics including convolution, superposition and the Cooper–Jacob solution. The systematic approach includes (1) identification of hydrologic trends and correlations using cross‐correlation and multi‐time scale wavelet analyses; (2) integrating temperature‐based evapotranspiration and groundwater pumping stresses and (3) assessing model prediction performances using fixed‐block k‐fold cross‐validation and split calibration‐validation methods. The approach is applied at three hydrogeologicaly distinct sites in North Florida in the United States using over 40 years of monthly groundwater levels. The systematic approach identifies two patterns of cross‐correlations between groundwater levels and historical rainfall, indicating low‐frequency variabilities are critical for long‐term predictions. The models performed well for predicting monthly groundwater levels from 7 to 22 years with less than 2.1 ft (0.7 m) errors. Further evaluation by the moving‐block bootstrap regression indicates the PCWASM can be a reliable tool for long‐term groundwater level predictions. This study provides a parsimonious approach to predict multi‐decadal groundwater dynamics with the ability to discern impacts of pumping and climate change on aquifer levels. The PCWASM is computationally efficient and can be implemented using publicly available datasets. Thus, it should provide a versatile tool for managers and researchers for predicting multi‐decadal monthly groundwater levels under changing climatic and pumping impacts over a long time period.
Infiltration reduction characteristics and a simplified calculation model of film hole irrigation during interference infiltration*
Authors: Fan Yanwei , Shi Wen , Shao Xiaoxia , Zhang Changyan , Yin Weifan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe infiltration types of film hole irrigation (FHI) can be divided into film hole free infiltration (FHFI) and film hole interference infiltration (FHII). Numerical simulations were carried out with HYDRUS to investigate the influence of soil texture (ST), film hole diameter (D), film hole spacing (S) and water depth above the film hole (H) on the cumulative infiltration under two infiltration types of FHFI and FHII. The results showed that the amount of FHII was reduced significantly compared to that of FHFI. ST, D and S are the dominant factors affecting the infiltration reduction volume (ΔI). The relationship between ΔI and the time after interference (t − t0) is a proportional function (R2 ≥ 0.96), and its proportional coefficient has a good power function relationship with D and S. The power function coefficients have large differences for different ST, and the range of variation is 0.1–191, whereas there is little difference between the power function index of D and S; the average values were 2.6 and −2.5, respectively. A simplified calculation model of infiltration reduction was established, and the estimation accuracy was high (RMSE = 0.017 L, EF = 0.980). This research can provide a reference for the calculation of the irrigation water volume of the FHI.
Photobiomodulation at a wavelength of 633 nm leads to faster functional recovery than 804 nm after facial nerve injury
Authors: Lee Jae‐Hun , Carpena Nathaniel T. , Kim Sehwan , Lee Min Young , Jung Jae Yun , Choi Ji Eun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe analyzed the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) of various wavelengths on regeneration of the facial nerve using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. We assessed the antioxidative effect of PBM in geniculate ganglion neurons irradiated with a diode laser at 633 nm, 780 nm and 804 nm. Wavelengths of 633 and 780 nm but not 804 nm inhibited cell death by oxidative stress. We assessed the effects of PBM on functional and morphologic recovery in rats divided into control, facial nerve damage (FND) and FND irradiated with a 633 nm or 804 nm lasers. Injured rats treated with 633‐nm light had better facial palsy scores, larger axon diameter and higher expression of Schwann cells compared with the FND group. No positive results were observed in rats irradiated at 804‐nm light. These findings indicate that 633‐nm PBM promotes accelerated nerve regeneration and improved functional recovery in an injured facial nerve.
Correlation analysis of long non‐coding RNA TUG1 with disease risk, clinical characteristics, treatment response, and survival profiles of adult Ph− Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Zeng Pengyun , Chai Ye , You Chongge , Yue Lingling , Wu Chongyang , Chen Huiling , Li Liangliang , Li Jingjing , Liu Huan , Zhang Yurong , Cao Tingyong , Li Yaru , Hu Wanli 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundLong non‐coding RNA taurine‐upregulated gene 1 (lncRNA TUG1) is reported to be involved in the progression and development of several malignancies; however, its role in Philadelphia chromosome‐negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph−ALL) is unknown. The present study aimed to explore the correlation of lncRNA TUG1 with disease risk, disease condition, and prognosis of adult Ph−ALL.MethodsTotal 101 adult Ph− ALL patients and 40 bone marrow (BM) donors were included, followed by detection of BM monocyte cell lncRNA TUG1 expression by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction. According to the quantiles of lncRNA TUG1 expression in Ph− ALL patients, these patients were divided into four tiers: tier 1 (ranked in 0%~25%), tier 2 (ranked in 25%~50%), tier 3 (ranked in 50%~75%), and tier 4 (ranked in 75%~100%).ResultsLncRNA TUG1 was upregulated in Ph− ALL patients compared with healthy donors. Further analysis indicated that in Ph− ALL patients, higher lncRNA TUG1 tier was correlated with the presence of central nervous system leukemia, increased white blood cell level, and bone marrow blasts. Furthermore, higher lncRNA TUG1 tier was negatively associated with complete remission (CR) within 4 weeks, total CR, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant achievement. In addition, higher lncRNA TUG1 tier was associated with decreased disease‐free survival and overall survival, which was further verified to be an independent factor by Cox's regression analysis.ConclusionlncRNA TUG1 presents potential to be a novel biomarker for disease risk assessment and survival surveillance in Ph− ALL management.
Learning the subtle dance: The experience of therapists who deliver mentalisation‐based therapy for borderline personality disorder
Authors: Gardner Kathryn Jane , Wright Karen M. , Elliott Alison , Lamph Gary , Graham Simon , Parker Lucy , Fonagy Peter 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to understand therapists' lived experiences of delivering mentalisation‐based therapy (MBT), including their experiences of service user change.MethodOne‐to‐one semi‐structured interviews or focus groups were conducted with 14 MBT therapists and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).ResultsFour superordinate themes were identified: (1) experiencing the challenges and complexities of being with service users during MBT; (2) being on a journey of discovery and change; (3) being an MBT therapist: a new way of working and developing a new therapeutic identity; and (4) being a therapist in the group: seeing it all come together.ConclusionOur findings highlight the complexity, challenges and individualised experience of working therapeutically with service users with a diagnosis of BPD. The study provides a perspective of service use change that is enriched by idiosyncrasies within the therapeutic encounter. We conclude with a consideration of implications for MBT research and clinical practice.
An improved multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition approach and its application in antenna array beam pattern synthesis
Authors: Liang Shuang , Fang Zhiyi , Li Guanxiao , Zhao Yaqing , Liu Xuejie , Sun Geng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAntenna arrays can enhance the performance and reduce the overhead of the wireless communication systems. However, the beam pattern synthesis of antenna arrays are difficult problems since the optimization properties are usually trade‐offs that affect each other. In this paper, we formulate a multiobjective beam pattern optimization problem (MBPOP) to simultaneously reduce the maximum sidelobe level (SLL) and achieve the nulls of the antenna array beam pattern. The multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) is a general and effective algorithm to solve the MOPs. However, it may be easy to lose population diversity and converge to local optimum. To overcome the issues above, we propose an improved MOEA/D (IMOEA/D) to deal with the formulated MBPOP. IMOEA/D introduces the normal distribution crossover operator (NDX), Lévy flight strategy and Euclidean distance‐based solution selection mechanism to enhance the performance of conventional MOEA/D to make it more suitable to solve the formulated MBPOP. Experiments are conducted and the results indicate that the proposed IMOEA/D has a better performance in terms of the convergence rate and population diversity compared to other algorithms for solving the formulated MBPOP.
Effects of exogenous ascorbic acid on the mycelia growth and primordia formation of Pleurotus ostreatus
Authors: Qi Yuancheng , Zhang Ruixia , Zhang Mengke , Wen Qing , Shen Jinwen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrimordia formation is the first and most critical step in the development of fruiting bodies of edible fungi. In this study, the effects of exogenous ascorbic acid (ASA) on the Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia growth and primordia formation were researched and the results showed that the growth rate of P. ostreatus mycelia was accelerated and the time of primordia formation was advanced. The protein content and ascorbate oxidase (AAO) activity analysis showed that with the increase of ASA concentration, the protein content of mycelia first decreased and then increased, and in a certain concentration range, exogenous ASA could significantly promote the activity of AAO. Further expression analysis of the development regulating genes (Pofst3 and Pofst4) as well as blue light receptor coding genes (PoWC‐1 and PoWC‐2) showed the expression levels of those four genes all changed after the exogenous ASA addition, which indicated that the expression changes of PoWC‐1 and PoWC‐2, two key genes in the light morphogenesis, might affect the expression levels of development regulating genes Pofst3 and Pofst4, so as to lead to the formation of primordia in advance.
Hypaphorine exerts anti‐inflammatory effects in sepsis induced acute lung injury via modulating DUSP1/p38/JNK pathway
Authors: Ding Yu‐Hua , Miao Run‐Xin , Zhang Qiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome attributed to infection, while sepsis‐induced acute lung injury (ALI) has high morbidity and mortality. Here, we aimed to explore the specific mechanism of hypaphorine's anti‐inflammatory effects in ALI. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was adopted to construct ALI model both in vivo and in vitro. BEAS‐2B cell viability and apoptosis was testified by the MTT assay and flow cytometry. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to examine the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐18), and Western blot was adopted to examine the expression of the apoptosis‐related proteins (Bax, Bcl2, and Caspase3) and the DUSP1/p38/JNK signaling pathway. At the same time, lung injury score, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were monitored. The dry/wet weight method was used to examine lung edema, and the total protein content in BALF was determined to test pulmonary vascular permeability. As the data suggested, hypaphorine inhibited the LPS‐mediated apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells. What is more, hypaphorine attenuated the expression of inflammatory factors (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐18) and inactivated the p38/JNK signaling pathway through upregulating DUSP1 in a dose‐dependent manner. Meanwhile, DUSP1 knockdown weakened the anti‐inflammatory effect of hypaphorine on LPS‐mediated lung injury. Furthermore, hypaphorine also relieved LPS induced ALI in rats with anti‐inflammatory effects. Taken together, hypaphorine prevented LPS‐mediated ALI and proinflammatory response via inactivating the p38/JNK signaling pathway by upregulating DUSP1.
Sealing of porous titanium oxides produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation
Authors: Casanova Luca , Belotti Nicola , Pedeferri MariaPia , Ormellese Marco 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPlasma electrolytic oxidation is a powerful technique allowing the formation of ceramic coatings with a high degree of functionalization. Plasma–chemical interactions, resulting from the application of a high voltage in a conductive electrolyte, like 0.5 M NaOH, favor the development of a porous surface, which deserves to be sealed to obtain proper corrosion resistance. In the present work, the effect of temperature employed during sealing in calcium acetate is investigated, finding 85°C as an optimum temperature to allow pores closure. Furthermore, a comparison with sealing performed in hot water is presented, which demonstrated similar sealing efficiency. Scanning electron microscope and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are the tools selected to investigate sealing effects. Impedance spectra are fitted according to feasible electrochemical equivalent circuits finding two‐time constants when applied to sealed samples indicative of the presence of barrier and porous layer, respectively.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Parkinson's Disease Individuals Hospitalized with COVID‐19 in a New York City Hospital System
Authors: Nwabuobi Lynda , Zhang Cenai , Henchcliffe Claire , Shah Hiral , Sarva Harini , Lee Andrea , Kamel Hooman 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has caused worse health outcomes among elderly populations with specific pre‐existing medical conditions and chronic illnesses. There are limited data on health outcomes of hospitalized Parkinson's disease (PD) individuals infected with COVID‐19.ObjectivesTo determine clinical characteristics and outcomes in hospitalized PD individuals infected with COVID‐19.MethodsIndividuals admitted to NewYork‐Presbyterian with a diagnosis of PD were retrospectively identified using an electronic medical record system. Clinical characteristics and mortality were abstracted.ResultsTwenty‐five individuals with PD, mostly male (76%) with a median age of 82 years (IQR 73–88 years), were hospitalized for COVID‐19 infection. A total of 80% of individuals had mid‐stage to advanced PD (Hoehn and Yahr 3–5) and 80% were on symptomatic pharmacologic therapy, most commonly levodopa (72%). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (72%) and mild cognitive impairment or dementia (48%). A total of 44% and 12% of individuals presented with altered mental status and falls, respectively. Mortality rate was 32% compared to 26% for age‐matched controls (P = 0.743). Individuals who died were more likely to have encephalopathy during their admission (88% vs. 35%; P < 0.03).ConclusionPD individuals who require hospitalization for COVID‐19 infection are likely to be elderly, have mid‐stage to advanced disease, and be on pharmacologic therapy. Hypertension and cognitive impairment are common comorbidities in these individuals and encephalopathy during hospitalization is associated with risk of death. Altered mental status and falls are clinical presentations of COVID‐19 infection in PD that clinicians should be aware of. A diagnosis of PD is not a risk factor for COVID‐19 mortality.
Investigating the diurnal cycle of precipitation over Central Africa
Authors: Choumbou P. C. , Komkoua Mbienda A. J. , Guenang G. M. , Monkam D. , Mkankam Kamga F. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe present study investigated the reliability of downscaling tool RegCM4.4 to simulate 2002–2006 June–September diurnal cycle precipitation characteristics. Besides their diurnal cycles, the spatial and temporal patterns in precipitation intensity, amount and frequency over Central Africa (CA) are investigated. Diurnal variance, phase and amplitude based on 3‐hourly model simulations are obtained by diurnal harmonics from each 24‐h period. Two statistical measures are used to evaluate model performance: the root mean square error and the index of agreement. The result shows that the RegCM outputs are well simulated compared with reference data in revealing the temporal and spatial patterns of precipitation amount and frequency over the continental area with some systematic wet biases over Cameroon highlands area. Diurnal variability of precipitation frequency and amount are properly well reproduced by the model with an afternoon peak around 1800 LST over entire domain except Atlantic Ocean sub‐region. The model does not properly describe the observed diurnal variation of precipitation intensity over the study area. One of the prominent results is that the pattern of precipitation frequency is quite similar to that of precipitation amount. This strong relationship between these two precipitation characteristics over the entire region of interest suggests that the diurnal precipitation variability is generally determined by how often it rains.