bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indian Society for Assisted Reproduction Consensus Guidelines on Preimplantation Genetic Testing in In vitro Fertilization Clinics
Authors: Malhotra Jaideep , Malhotra Keshav , Majumdar Gaurav , Hari Ritu , Chelur Vijayakumar , Kandari Sayali , Sharma Dayanidhi , Chimote Nishad , Mehta Manjeet S , Singh Sarabpreet , Sethi Feseena , Mangoli Vijay S , Gopinath Parasuram , Chaitanya Krishna , Selvaraj Priya 
Published: November 2021

Study Question:
What are the good practice guidelines for Pre implantation genetic testing applicable in INDIA?

What is Already Known:
Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is not new in India. It is used to identify euploid embryos for transfer, thus enabling couples to achieve a healthy pregnancy. There has been a lot of controversy surrounding PGT in the international forums; most of these debates have failed to reach a consensus on whether PGT should be offered or its concerns be validated more.

Study Design, Size, Duration:
This is the report of a 2-day consensus meeting where two moderators were assigned to a group of experts to collate information on Pre implantation genetic testing and embryo biopsy practices in INDIA. This meeting utilised surveys, available scientific evidence and personal laboratory experience into various presentations by experts on pre-decided specific topics.

Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods:
Expert professionals from ISAR representing clinical, embryological and genetic fields.

Main Results and the Role of Chance:
The report is divided into various components defining the terminologies, the various requirements, qualifications, recommendations on PGT -A,M,SR, and quality management: the report and recommendations of the expert panel reflect the discussion on each of the topics and try to lay down good practice points for labs to follow.

Limitations, Reasons for Caution:
The recommendations are solely based on expert opinion. Future availability of data may warrant an update of the same.

Wider Implications of the Findings:
These guidelines can help labs across the country to standardise their PGT services and improve clinical outcomes.

Study Funding/Competing Interest(S):
The consensus meeting and writing of the paper was supported by funds from CooperSurgical India.
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells diminution in peripheral blood is prevalent in drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms and may precede human herpesvirus 6 reactivation
Authors: Hsu Shao-Hsuan , Yang Che-Wen , Hsieh Yi-Chun , Chen Kai-Lung , Cho Yung-Tsu , Liau Jau-Yu , Chu Chia-Yu 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are implicated in the reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).

Objectives:
We aimed at identifying the alterations of circulating pDCs, basophils, and myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) during the active stage of drug eruptions and the relationship between pDC alteration and HHV-6 reactivation in DRESS patients.

Methods:
Nine DRESS patients and twelve patients of other drug eruptions (ODE, including five cases of maculopapular eruptions (MPEs), five cases of Stevens–Johnson syndrome, and two cases of fixed drug eruption) were prospectively recruited. Blood samples were collected weekly for 2 consecutive weeks for flow cytometry of pDC, basophil, mDC, and detection of HHV-6 reactivation by serum anti-HHV-6 immunoglobulin G, or whole blood HHV-6 viral DNA by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
The HHV-6 reactivation was exclusively seen in DRESS, and the pDC levels decreased in DRESS compared with ODE (P = 0.002) and (MPE, P = 0.021), with the timing of such decrease preceding HHV-6 reactivation.

Conclusion:
The decrease of pDC levels is significantly more common in DRESS patients and occurs before HHV-6 reactivation. The chronological sequence implies that the decrease of pDC may be crucial in the pathogenesis of viral reactivation.
Evaluation of bacteriophage cocktail on septicaemia caused by colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in immunocompromised mice model
Authors: Patel Shesh Raj , Pratap Chandra Bhan , Nath Gopal 
Published: November 2021

Background & objectives:
Since the bacterium, Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) has acquired resistance to almost all commercially available antibiotics, the search for alternative treatment options continues to be need of the hour. Bacteriophage therapy seems to be the most promising amongst various proposed alternatives (e.g. antimicrobial peptides, bacteriocin, probiotics, etc.). The present study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the effect of different dosages of specific phages in immunocompromised rodents in a septicaemia model caused by AB mimicking real clinical situations.

Methods:
The three most active and unique phages ([Latin Small Letter Turned phi]Ab4, [Latin Small Letter Turned phi]Ab7 and [Latin Small Letter Turned phi]Ab14) were selected for this study. A constant dose (100 µl of 108 pfu/ml) of AB was given in all the experiments. Five different sets of experiments were designed: prophylactic administration of phage cocktail in the volume of 100 µl (109 pfu/ml) before and simultaneous with the bacterial challenge; and therapeutic i.e. administration of phage cocktail six, 12 and 24 h after bacterial challenge. Since there were deaths in mice when phage was given 24 h after bacterial challenge, the reduced dosage i.e. 100 µl of 107, 106, 105 pfu/ml of phage cocktail was also evaluated.

Results:
The administration of 100 µl (109 pfu/ml) of phage cocktail after six, 12 and 24 h of the bacterial challenge resulted in the mortality ranging between 20 to 60 per cent. However, no mortality could be observed with simultaneous or prophylactic administration of phages with the bacterial challenge. No mortality was observed with reduced doses of the cocktail (106 and105 pfu/ml).

Interpretation & conclusions:
As per the results of this study, it may be concluded that even if patients with acute infections report late to the hospital, a relatively low dose of the phage cocktail may be therapeutically beneficial.
Cancer scenario in North-East India & need for an appropriate research agenda
Authors: Shanker Neha , Mathur Prashant , Das Priyanka , Sathishkumar K. , Shalini A.J. Martina , Chaturvedi Meesha 
Published: November 2021

Background & objectives:
The North-Eastern (NE) region has the highest incidence of cancer in India, and is also burdened by higher prevalence of risk factors and inadequate cancer treatment facilities. The aim of this study was to describe the cancer profile of the NE region, focussing on the cancer sites that have high incidence and to identify research priorities.

Methods:
Incidence data from population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) in the North-East region (8 States) were utilized and relevant literature was reviewed to identify risk factors.

Results:
Aizawl district in Mizoram had the highest incidence of cancer in men [age-adjusted rate (AAR) of 269.4 per 100,000]. Among women, Papumpare district of Arunachal Pradesh had the highest incidence (AAR of 219.8) in India. East Khasi Hills district in Meghalaya had the highest incidence of oesophageal cancer (AAR of 75.4 in men and 33.6 in women). Aizawl district in Mizoram had the highest incidence of stomach (AAR–44.2 in men) and Papumpare district had highest incidence of stomach (AAR 27.1 in women), liver (AAR– 35.2 in men and 14.4 in women) and cervical cancers (AAR– 27.7). Lung cancer (AAR– 38.8 in men and 37.9 in women) and gall bladder cancer incidence (AAR– 7.9 in men and 16.2 in women) were highest in Aizawl and Assam (Kamrup urban) PBCRs, respectively. Nagaland had the highest incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer (AAR of 14.4 in men and 6.5 in women), a relatively rare cancer in other regions of India. Four States (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Sikkim and Tripura) in NE had only one cancer treating facility.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Further research on specific aetiological factors in the region and multi-disciplinary research for development of tools, techniques and guidelines for cancer control are the need of the hour.
Multi-centric evaluation of a stage-specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay as a xenomonitoring tool for the detection of infective (L3) stage Wuchereria bancrofti in vectors
Authors: Vasuki Venkatesan , Hoti Sugeerappa Laxmanappa , Subramanian Swaminathan , Khan Abdul Mabood , Thenmozhi Velayudham , Ananganallur Nagarajan Shriram , Mahapatra Namita , Balasubramaniyan Ramalingam 
Published: November 2021

Background & objectives:
An infective stage specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay utilizing the abundant larval transcript-3 (Alt-3) gene of Wuchereria bancrofti was developed at ICMR-VCRC, Puducherry and found to be stage specific, and sensitive upon validation in the laboratory. This study was aimed at independently evaluating this assay for its utility as a monitoring/surveillance tool in the operational programme for elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) by four national research laboratories.

Methods:
Evaluation of the assay was carried out in a multi-centric mode in three phases. In phase I, a workshop was conducted to impart hands-on training to the scientists from the collaborating centres on the RT-PCR assay and in Phase II the assay was evaluated for specificity and sensitivity in detecting the infective (L3) stage larvae of W. bancrofti in its vector, Culex quinquefasciatus, using 50 coded pooled samples. Phase III evaluation was done on wild-caught mosquito vectors from selected endemic areas of Assam and Bhubaneswar States and Andaman Nicobar islands.

Results:
Phase I data indicated that the assay was able to detect all the pools of mosquito samples contaning L3 stage larvae of W. bancrofti as positive, even in the presence of other vector stages of the parasite indicating its stage specificity (100%). The assay was found highly sensitive (100%), detecting all the infected pools as positive and specific detecting all uninfected pools as negative. The results of phase II showed inter-laboratory variation. Phase III evaluation from all the centres suggested that the infectivity rate determined for pooled mosquitoes by the RT-PCR assay (0.5%) was comparable to that by dissection method (1.2%) (95% confidence interval overlaps).

Interpretation & conclusions:
Overall, the results from three of the four participating centres indicated that the assay is at least as sensitive and stage specific as the conventional mosquito dissection technique, and hence, may be useful as a xenomonitoring tool for Transmission Assessment Survey in Mass Drug Administration programmes for LF.
Morphological evaluation of the incisive canal with reference to gender and age
Authors: Linjawi AI , Othman MA , Dirham AA , Ghoneim SH , Aljohani SR , Dause RR , Marghalani HYA 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
The incisive canal (IC) is an important anatomical structure in the premaxilla that should be considered during many dental procedures.

Aims:
The objective of this study is to associate the IC morphology and dimensions with reference to gender and age by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Patients and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted using archived CBCT records of patients who sought treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. OnDemand 3D Imaging software was utilized in image reconstruction and measurement determination. The parameters evaluated were the IC shape and dimensions in a sagittal and coronal view at two levels: palatal opening and nasal opening. The variables were compared according to age and gender using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal Wallis tests. Confidence level was obtained at P < 0.05.

Results:
Out of the 370 CBCT images assessed, only 100 images fulfilled the inclusion criteria; 50 males and 50 females. No substantial variance in IC shapes was found in both the sagittal and coronal perspectives with reference to age and gender. Likewise, there was no statistical variation in IC dimensions with reference to age. On the other hand, there was a statistical difference in IC length when correlated with gender as the male subjects had longer IC as compared to females (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
There is no association between IC morphology, age and gender. However, substantial variation in IC length was observed between genders.
Prognostic utility of CURB-65 and E-CURB-65 scoring systems in healthcare associated pneumonia patients
Authors: Kurt E , Ak R , Eke Kurt ŞZ , Bahadirli S , Nakiş B , Cimilli Öztürk T , Akoğlu EÜ 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
The aim of our study is to evaluate whether the CURB-65 or expanded-CURB-65 score can be used in healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) and subgroups of HCAP patients at the same efficiency. Thirty and 90-day mortality rates of the patients and predictive values of CURB-65 and E-CURB-65 scores were compared.

Patients and Methods:
This is a retrospective study of patients who presented to the Emergency Department between January 2015 and January 2016. All patient charts above 18 years of age were evaluated according to American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (ATS/IDSA) pneumonia diagnostic criteria and pneumonia diagnoses were confirmed.

Results:
167 pneumonia patients (27.8%) of all pneumonia cases were grouped as HCAP and 433 (54.4%) were grouped as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). 43% (n = 72) of HCAP patients were classified as nursing home-associated pneumonia (NHAP) and 57% (n = 95) were classified as HCAP (except NHAP) group. NHAP patients were older than the other groups. HCAP (except NHAP) group had somehow more comorbid diseases when compared with the other groups. However, the NHAP group had more unstable vital signs and confusion rates. Hospital and ICU admissions, 30–90-day mortality rates were all significantly higher in NHAP group E-CURB-65 was found to have better predictive values than CURB-65 for 30-day and 90-day mortalities overall.

Conclusion:
According to our results, commonly used scoring systems, CURB 65 and E-CURB 65, are not suitable for HCAP, NHAP, and HCAP (except NHAP) patients. NHAP patients have significant worse prognosis compared with CAP and HCAP (except NHAP) in terms of admission to intensive care and 30 and 90-day mortality rates.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders among pregnant women in Enugu Nigeria
Authors: Onyemaechi NO , Chigbu CO , Ugwu EO , Omoke NI , Lasebikan OA , Ozumba BC 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Pregnancy usually triggers a wide range of changes that result in a variety of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The scope and burden of these disorders in Nigeria are not known.

Aim:
The study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of pregnancy-related MSDs in Enugu.

Patients and Methods:
A cross-sectional study of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at three tertiary hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria, was done using an observer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.

Results:
A total of 317 participants were studied. A majority of the participants (93.1%) had one or more MSDs. Low back pain (LBP) and muscle cramps were the two most common pregnancy-related MSDs with prevalence rates of 56.8 and 54.8%, respectively. Increasing gestational age (P = 0.001), previous pregnancies (P = 0.027), and occupation (P = 0.018) were associated with increased risk of MSDs. A majority of the MSDs were of mild and moderate severity and 10.4% of the participants had significant impairment of their daily activities.

Conclusion:
MSDs are common in pregnancy with LBP and muscle cramps as the most prevalent conditions. Increasing gestational age, multigravidity, and occupation increased the risk of MSDs among our cohorts. Preventive and therapeutic measures should be instituted when necessary to ensure optimal maternal health during pregnancy.
Child deaths due to firearm-related İnjuries in Adana, Turkey
Authors: Kaya K , Akgündüz E , Erdem Z , Hilal A 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Death by firearm is unacceptable for children who need to be under the protection of the state and the family, wherever and however. Firearm-related fatality is common among all ages. One of the causes of this high rate is likely the easy access to firearms.

Aim:
This study aims to discuss the characteristics of deaths attributable to childhood firearm injuries in Adana, Turkey and to compare them with similar studies.

Patients and Methods:
In this study, the records of 448 (1.97%) cases under 18 years of age who died due to firearm-related injuries among a total of 22,668 cases whose autopsies were performed by the Morgue Department, Council of Forensic Medicine Adana Group Administration between January 1, 2004 and December 12, 2017 were retrospectively evaluated.

Results:
Age ranged from 45 days to 18 years; 285 cases were male and 163 cases were female, and male/female ratio was 1.7. The majority of cases were between 13 and 18 years of age (n: 340, 76.0%). According to the manner of death, the leading cause was homicide (n: 212, 47.4%) and the most frequently used type of firearm were shotguns (n: 226). Single firearm wound was present in 82.8% of the cases. The location of entrance wounds revealed that 185 wounds were located in the head-neck. Although homicide was the leading manner of death among the overall cases, it was determined that suicide was the leading cause among the 13-18 age group (n: 149). Firearm-related injuries and deaths in children should bring child neglect to the agenda.

Conclusion:
Presence of firearms at home and easy access are the causes of increased firearm injuries and death in children. Easily accessible weapons in homes are often involved in suicides and homicides, as well as accidents, which are more common in young children and adolescents. We believe that the use of firearms outside of the security forces should be prohibited and that strict laws should be enforced on the handling and use of firearms.
The psychometric properties of the turkish version of self rated abilities for health practices scale in the gestational diabetes sample
Authors: Aypar Akbağ NN , Tokat M Aluş 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
The Self Rated Abilities for Health Practices (SRAHP) scale is an instrument devised for measuring an individuals' beliefs about self-efficacy for conducting health promotion practices. Using a valid and reliable scale while measuring the individuals' beliefs about self-efficacy may contribute to manage GDM.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the Self Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale (SRAHP) among women with GDM in Turkey.

Patients and Methods:
This psychometric study used a cross-sectional study design. To culturally validate the Self Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale (SRAHP), different techniques were utilized such as the blind back-translation technique, experts' opinions of the translated version, pilot study that individuals have similar characteristics and are not included in the study. The construct validity of the scale was tested to the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Item-total and item-subscale total score, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, and split-half reliability analyses were calculated for the internal reliability of the scale.

Results:
The explained rate of variance was 50.7%, and confirmatory factor analysis concerning the results was acceptable and in good fit. The results showed that the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole scale was 0.91, and for subscales 0.88, 0.83, 0.80, and 0.68, respectively. Spearman-Brown (0.81) and Guttman Split-Half coefficients (0.80) were satisfactory for the whole scale.

Conclusions:
Turkish translation of the SRAHP scale was determined theoretically based, culturally acceptable instrument for the self abilities in women with GDM.
Evaluation of the marital adjustment and sexual functions in individuals with visual disability
Authors: Gozuyesil E , Aslan KSU , Atik D , Tar E 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Sexuality is an important component of marriage. Individuals with visual disability tend to experience more sexual problems, which could deteriorate their marriage relationships and cause difficulties in establishing and maintaining sexual relationships.

Aims:
This study aims to evaluate marital adjustment and sexual functions in individuals with visual disability.

Subjects and Methods:
The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 95 individuals with visual disability who were members of a relevant private association in Turkey and met the inclusion criteria. The sample size was calculated using the sample with a known population approach. Data were collected using the Sociodemographic Form, the Marital Adjustment Scale (MAS), and the Golombok–Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS). The data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Dunn's test, and the Spearman's Rho Correlation Analysis.

Results:
The mean scores for the MAS and the GRISS were 48.0 (23–60) and 51.5 (17–72), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of individuals with visual disability and their spouses in the MAS by their age (P < 0.05). The subscales of the GRISS (except for frequency and communication) indicated that men with visual disability had problems regarding impotence, premature ejaculation, sensuality, avoidance, and satisfaction subscales. There was a statistically significant and negative relationship between the marital adjustment total scores of the males with visual disability and their scores in the avoidance, satisfaction, frequency, and communication subscales (P < 0.05; P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
The participants were found to have good marital adjustment. However, males with visual disability had a low level of sexual problems.
Evaluation of the effect of bruxism on mandibular cortical bone using radiomorphometric indices on panoramic radiographs
Authors: Eninanç İ , Yeler D Yalçın , Çınar Z 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
This prospective study was designed to evaluate the effects of bruxism on mandibular cortical bone using radiomorphometric indices on digital panoramic radiographs.

Materials and Methods:
The mandibular cortical index (MCI), mental index (MI), and panoramic mandibular index (PMI) were measured on digital panoramic radiographs and evaluated for 128 bruxers (66 female, 60 male) and 128 control subjects. The data were analyzed statistically using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Kappa statistics, Chi-square test, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation analysis.

Results:
There was no difference between the groups in terms of MCI type (P > 0.05). While mean MI values were significantly higher in bruxers than the control group (P = 0.007), the difference between groups in mean PMI values was nonsignificant (P > 0.05). In both groups, the C1 type was more prevalent in females than in males (P = 0.001). Females showed significantly lower mean MI values than males in both groups (P ≤ 0.040). However, the difference between genders in mean PMI values was not significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
MI measurements may be useful when radiomorphometric indices are to be used for the diagnosis or follow-up of bruxism in the mandible. Among radiomorphometric indices, MI and MCI values are affected by gender differences.