bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri´de Görevli Sözleşmeli Er ve Erbaşlarda Görülen Kas İskelet Sistemi Yaralanmaların Profili
Authors: ERGÜN Tuğrul , KORKMAZ Mehmet 
Published: August 2021

Giriş: Askerlik mesleği zorlu fiziksel eğitim koşulları barındırır ve yaygın kas iskelet sistemi yaralanmalarına yol açabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri (TSK) bünyesinde sözleşmeli er ve erbaş olarak görev yapan askerlerde gözlenen yaygın kas iskelet sistemi yaralanmalarının profilini çıkararak bunları önlemeye yönelik geliştirilebilecek stratejilerine kaynak olmaktır.
Yöntemler: Veriler son bir yıl içinde rutin sağlık kontrolleri yapılan sağlıklı ve herhangi bir kas iskelet sistemi yakınması olan sözleşmeli er ve erbaş askerlerin hastane kayıtlarından elde edilmiştir. Kas iskelet sistemi yaralanmaları vücuttaki lokalizasyonu, oluş mekanizması, yapılan askeri aktivite ile ilişkisi ve yaralanma sonrası oluşan iş gücü kaybı incelenmiştir.600 kişilik askeri popülasyonda görülen kas iskelet sistemi yaralanmaları hastane kayıtlarından tarandı (n=108 %9,3).
Bulgular: En sık diz çevresinin etkilendiği gözlendi (n=36,%33,3). Yumuşak doku yaralanması en yaygın olan yaralanma tipi idi. (n=50, %46,2). Askeri yürüyüşler ve spor aktiviteleri, yaralanmaya sebep olan en yaygın aktivitelerdi (n=81 %75). En çok etkilenen grup 25 yaş ve altıydı(n=52,%48,1).Yaralanma şiddetine göre iki hafta ile bir yıl arası süre iş gücü kaybı olduğu görüldü.
Tartışma ve Sonuç: Askeri yürüyüşler ve spor aktiviteleri sırasında gelişen yumuşak doku ve diz çevresini ilgilendiren kas iskelet yaralanmalarının önlenmesi için stratejiler geliştirilmelidir.
Tilt Table Tedavisi Uygulanan Nörolojik Rehabilitasyon Hastalarında Ortostatik Hipotansiyon Gelişimi ile Anksiyetenin İlişkisi
Authors: EROĞLU Selma 
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Nörolojik rehabilitasyon uygulanan hastalarda sıklıkla görülen ortostatik hipotansiyon (OH), yaşam kalitesini ve bağımsızlığı azaltmakta, hastanede yatış süresini artırmaktadır. Tilt table’da vasovagal senkop gelişen hastalarda anksiyetenin semptomları tetiklediği bildirilmiştir. Nörolojik rehabilitasyon hastalarında anksiyete sıklıkla görülür. Ancak, nörojenik OH ile anksiyete arasındaki ilişki incelenmemiştir. Bu çalışmada tilt table tedavisi (TTT) uygulanan nörolojik rehabilitasyon hastalarında OH gelişimiyle anksiyete arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlandı.
Yöntemler: Nörolojik rehabilitasyon ve TTT uygulanan hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, tanısı ve hastalık süresi kaydedildi. Hastalar Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Ölçeği (FBÖ) ve Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) ile değerlendirildi. TTT sırasında nörojenik OH gelişip gelişmediği ve gelişme süresi (dakika) kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 39 hastanın (12 kadın) yaş ortalaması 43±17,7 yıldı. Hastalardan 22’sinde OH gelişti. Hastalar OH (+) ve OH (-) şeklinde gruplandığında yaş, cinsiyet, hastalık süresi ve FBÖ skorları benzerdi (tümü için p>0.05), BAÖ skorları arasında da anlamlı fark izlenmedi (p=0.580). OH (+) hastalar anksiyete düzeylerine göre (minimal, hafif, orta, yüksek) gruplandırıldı ve gruplar arasında OH gelişim süresi açısından fark gözlenmedi (p=0.424). OH gelişim süresiyle anksiyete, yaş, hastalık süresi ve FBÖ arasında ilişki izlenmedi. Cinsiyet açısından incelendiğinde, OH (+) kadınlarda anksiyete skoru erkeklere kıyasla daha yüksekken (p=0.048), OH (-) grupta cinsiyet açısından anksiyete skoru benzerdi (p=0.111).
Sonuç: Nörolojik rehabilitasyon uygulanan hastalardan TTT alanlarda nörojenik OH gelişimi ile anksiyete arasında ilişki gösterilemedi. OH (+) kadın hastaların anksiyete skorları erkek hastalara oranla daha yüksek bulundu. Nörojenik OH’lu kadın hastalarda yüksek anksiyetenin klinik öneminin ve hasta özelliklerine göre yaklaşım sonuçlarının belirlenmesi açısından daha kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
İntravitreal Bevacizumab ile Tedavi Edilen Prematüre Retinopatili Bebeklerde Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: HAZAR Leyla , KARAHAN Mine , DURSUN Mehmet Emin , AVA Sedat , ERDEM Seyfettin , VURAL Esra , KEKLİKÇİ Uğur 
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Prematüre retinopatisi (PR) olgularında retinopatinin şiddeti ile anne ve bebekteki risk faktörlerinin ilişkisini analiz etmek
Yöntemler: Haziran 2017- Ekim 2020 yılları arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde prematüre retinopatisi nedeniyle takip edilen bebeklerin verileri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Prematüre bebeklerin, doğum yaşı, doğum ağırlığı, takip süresince eşlik eden komorbid hastalıklar, annenin gebelik problemleri kaydedildi. Tedavisiz takip edilenler (grup 1) ve intravitreal bevacizumab tedavisi uygulananlar (grup 2) karşılaştırıldı.
Sonuçlar: Çalışmaya 167 prematüre bebek alındı. Prematüre bebeklerin 99’unda (%60) tedavi gerektirmeyen PR vardı (grup 1), 68’ine (%40) intravitreal bevacizumab (grup 2) uygulandı. Grup 2’nin gestasyonel yaşı ve doğum ağırlığı grup 1’den anlamlı olarak düşük iken (p
COVID-19 Pandemisi Asistan Hekimlerin Yaşam Tarzı Davranışlarını Nasıl Etkiledi?
Authors: AKBAYRAM Hatice Tuba , KETEN Hamit Sırrı , AKSOY Yunus , YILDIZ Muhammed Mustafa 
Published: August 2021

Giriş: Pandemi sürecinde hekimlerin sağlıklı yaşam tarzı davranışlarıyla kendi sağlıklarını korumaları çok önemlidir. Bu çalışma asistan hekimlerin yaşam tarzı davranışlarını ve pandeminin bu davranışlara etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışma 1-15 Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinde gerçekleştirildi. Online anket formunda asistan hekimlerin bazı özellikleri (sosyo-demografik bilgiler, COVID-19 geçirme, COVID-19 aşısı, COVID-19 endişe düzeyi, boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, son bir yıldaki uyku kalitesi) ve pandemi sürecinde egzersiz, sigara, alkol, fastfood, şekerli yiyecek ve meyve-sebze tüketimindeki değişikler sorgulandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 192 hekimin yaş ortalaması 28,95±3,19 (24-45) yıl, %54,2’si (n=104) erkekti. COVID-19’u geçirenlerin oranı %46,4 (n=89) idi. COVID-19’u geçirenlerin %50,6'sı semptomların şiddetini "orta şiddetli" olarak tanımladı. Beden kitle indeksine göre hekimlerin %8,3’ü (n=16) obez, %33,3’ü (n=64) fazla kiloluydu. Hekimlerin %7,3’ünün (n=14) kronik hastalığı olduğu, %29,7’sinin (n=57) sigara içtiği, %23,4 (n=45)’ünün alkol kullandığı ve %31,3’ünün (n=60) hiç egzersiz yapmadığı saptandı. Pandemi sürecinde sigara ve alkol kullanımında artma sırasıyla %56,1 ve %20 olarak bulundu. Hekimlerin %39,6’sının (n=76) pandemi sürecinde egzersiz yapmayı azalttığı ve %35,4’ünün (n=68) kilo aldığı, %18,2’sinin (n=35) meyve-sebze tüketimini azalttığı, %38,5'inin (n=74) şekerli yiyecekleri ve %40,1'inin (n=77) fast food/hazır gıdaları daha fazla tükettiği belirlendi.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları hekimlerin önemli bir kısmının sağlıklı yaşam tarzı davranışlarına dikkat etmediklerini göstermektedir. Pandemi sürecinde hekimlerin yarısından fazlasının meyve-sebze tüketiminin değişmediği, önemli bir kısmının sigara, şekerli gıda ve fastfood/hazır gıdaları daha çok tükettiği, egzersiz yapmayı azalttığı ve kilo aldığı bulunmuştur.
A Study on Socio-economic Condition of Sheep Rearers of District Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand
Authors: Rawat Saumya , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: August 2021

Background: Uttarakhand is a hilly state and a very little land is under cultivation but animal husbandry appears to be a good source of livelihood for farmers and sheep rearing is one of the major components of animal husbandry in Uttarakhand which help farmers to run their life. Sheep rearing is very much prevailing in hilly regions of the State.
Aim: To find the socio-economic condition of the rearers.
Methodology: A study was conducted in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand. A total of 80 rearers were selected randomly from the Bhatwari block of Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand and a pre structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the rearers. Respondents were classified into three categories on the basis of number of sheep viz. small (having less than 50 sheep), medium (between 50-100 sheep), and large (more than 100 sheep).
Results: Study showed that small rearers have 46.86 average numbers of sheep whereas medium size rearers have 73.88 and large rearers have 258.52 average numbers of sheep. Out of which number of Ram were lowest. Most of the rearers were from 35-50 years of age group. 48.74 % of rearers had completed their primary education and 14.11% of rearers were illiterate. Majority of rearers (i.e., 68.75) were engaged with two occupations. On an average 57.48 % of rearers were OBCs (Other backward class) and 29.99 % were from tribal community(i.e.,Bhotiya). The average income of small, medium and large farm group is ₹53,440, ₹89,627 ₹1,96,802 respectively.
Conclusion: It was concluded that there is need to eradicate the lack of awareness about the new technologies and educate the rearers about more efficient way of sheep rearing. With this women participation and youth should also be encouraged to involve in sheep rearing.
Growth and Development of Abelmuschus esculentus (Okra) in Gully Eroded Soil Amended with Different Rates of Cow Dung Manure
Authors: Kenneth Ekwealor U. , Kingsley Okereke E. , Chisom Iroka F. , Chukwu Okereke N. , Ibadin Francis H. 
Published: August 2021

The growth and development of Abelmuschus esculentus (okra) in gully eroded soil amended with different rates of cow dung manure was studied using the complete randomized design; morphormetric data such as leaf area, plant height, stem girth, numbers of nodes, number of leaves and percentage flowering was collected and analyzed. A 30 kg of gully eroded soil sample was put into a sac in triplicate and six treatments of cow dung was introduced into it (0.5 kg, 1.0 kg, 1.5 kg, 2.0 kg, 2.5 kg and 3.0 kg) respectively. The results of study showed that there is a significant difference in all the treatments compared to control. Highest petiole length (31.63±1.84) of Okra plant was obtained at week seven with 2.0 kg amended soil. The 2.5 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest leave length with the mean of 30.36±2.47 while the least leave length occurred in the 2.5 kg treatment at week 1 with the mean value of 0.49±0.03. The 2.0 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest leave length with the mean of 36.96±1.15 while the least leave length occurred in the 2.5 kg treatment at week 1 with the mean value of 0.44±0.03. The 1.0 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest length of internode (23.16±3.55) while the least length of internode occurred in the control at week 2 (0.86±0.23). At week 1 for all treatments, no result was obtained for length of internodes. The 0.5 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest number of leaves with the mean of 21.33±4.93 while the least number of leaves occurred in the 0.5 kg, 2.0 kg and 2.5 kg treatments respectively at week 1 and in the control sample at week 2. The result also revealed that the 1.0 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest stem length (154.73±30.99) while the least stem length occurred in the 2.0 kg at week 1(0.46±0.03). The 3.0 kg treatment of manure at week 7 had the highest stem girth (9.33±0.51) while the least stem girth occurred in the 2.5 kg at week 1(0.31±0.02). The soil analysis result showed that nitrogen was highest in the soil at 2.0 kg treatment of cow dung (402±2.51) while the 1.5 kg treatment and control had the least nitrogen content (322±0.57) and (322±3.05) respectively. The highest phosphorus content was 1.0 kg treatment of cow dung (986±1.53), with the control having the lowest phosphorus content (280±2.00). On the potassium content, the 2.5 kg treatment had the highest (843±0.57) while the control had the least content of potassium (357±1.52). The overall result showed that the growth and development of okra was enhanced by application of cow dung which influenced soil nutrient status positively.
Spectrum of Bacterial Co-Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract in COVID 19 Patients Admitted to the ICU of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Khan Shoaib , Nazir Asifa , Bashir Humaira , Amin Umara 
Published: August 2021

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the burden of bacterial co-infections in patients with COVID-19 and to ensure judicious use of antibiotics.
Study Design: Hospital based, cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Postgraduate department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, and associated hospitals, between July 2020 and February 2021.
Methodology: A total of 70 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 by RT PCR of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal samples were included in the study. Lower respiratory specimen like endotracheal aspirate (ETA), sputum, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from COVID-19 patients admitted in the ICU were collected as per standard protocol and subjected to quantitative cultures in the laboratory. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out in line with CLSI recommendations.
Results: Of the 70 lower respiratory tract specimens (Endotracheal aspirate n=53, sputum n=15, and Bronchoalveolar lavage n=02) taken from RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients, 51 (72.9%) showed microbiological evidence of bacterial infection by culture positivity. 28/51 (55%) were males and 23/51 (45%) were females, mean age was 54 years (range= 16-85 years). Majority of the organisms recovered (n=51, 83%) were Gram-negative bacilli, among which Acinetobacter spp. (n=27, 53%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=06, 12%) were the most common. Among Gram positive organisms, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sp were most commonly isolated.
Conclusion: It is evident from our study that superinfection in COVID-19 patients due to Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus is of serious concern. Timely treatment of these infections is pivotal to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates in COVID-19-infected patients.
Application of Artificial Neural Network in Determining Performance Profile of Compression Ignition Engine Operated with Orange Peel Oil-Based Biodiesel
Authors: Fasogbon Samson Kolawole , Owora Chukwuemeka Uguba 
Published: August 2021

Literature including one of our previous studies have confirmed the environmental friendliness of orange peeled oil biodiesel (OPOB) when applied to run compression ignition (CI) heat engines. There is also high degree of compatibility of physicochemical properties of OPOB with fossil diesel. However, there is limited knowledge on its performance indices in the same heat engines. This perhaps may have been due to few interests shown by researchers in the area or obviously due to difficult time and other quantum resources required in conducting the rigorous engine tests. To this end, this work conducted experimental study of performance profile of OPOB in direct injection CI engine; and afterwards applied artificial neural networks (ANNs) to ascertain the engine brake thermal efficiencies (BTE) and brake specific energy consumptions (BSEC). The ANN utilized the Levenberg Marquardt (LM), Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG) and Gradient Descent with Momentum and Adaptive Learning (GDX) training algorithms for the performance prediction. The choice of the three algorithms was to effect better comparative assessment. The input variables of the neural network were brake load, orange oil-diesel mixture percentages and engine speed. Statistical parameters such as correlation coefficient (R), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) were employed to investigate the performance of the neural networks. Among the three training algorithms, the Levenberg Marquardt trained algorithm estimated the BTE and BSEC with highest precision and accuracy; and lowest error rates. From the study, it is concluded that the performance profile of compression ignition heat engines operated with orange peel biodiesel compares favourably with fossil diesel. It also affirmed that Artificial Neural Network is a reliable tool in the prediction of performance indices of compression ignition engines when run with orange-peel oil based biodiesel.
Psychological Resilience towards COVID-19 amongst Emergency Medical Professionals in Pune (India)
Authors: Rishipathak Parag , Vijayraghavan Shrimathy , Hinduja Anand 
Published: August 2021

Aim: The surge of COVID 19 infection across the globe has put tremendous pressure on Healthcare Professionals worldwide. Emergency Medical Professionals are first responders and hence bear the brunt of exposure to the virus as well as dealing with critically ill patients. The aim of the study is to assess psychological resilience towards COVID 19 amongst Emergency Medical Professionals.
Study Design: Descriptive Study.
Place and Duration of Study: Symbiosis Centre for Health Skills, Pune in April 2021.
Methodology: The study was conducted amongst 120 Emergency Medical Professionals in Pune, India. The data was collected during the month of April 2021. Professionals who have completed Post Graduate Diploma in Emergency Medical Services and working in COVID centres for at least one year were included in the study. A 38-item questionnaire was developed for frontline Emergency Medical Professionals and included questions adapted from the tools which are available in public domain.
Results and Discussion: Working in a stressful environment along with continuous fear of self-exposure and risk of transmission to family members affects the efficacy and productivity of Emergency Medical Services Professionals. Debriefing, training for effective ‘breaking bad news’ stress management workshops and counselling sessions should be integrated into their work routine to enhance their psychological capacity.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that even after a year of serving COVID 19 patients, Emergency Medical Professionals demonstrate a high degree of resilience. Yet there are areas requiring improvement which need to be focussed upon immediately in the interest of the mental well-being of Emergency Medical Professionals.
Solid Dispersion by Fluidized Bed Processing: A Platform for Enhancement of Dissolution Rate of Simvastatin Poorly Water-Soluble Drug
Authors: Surawase Rajendra K. , Baheti Kamalkishor G. 
Published: August 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to study the solubility and dissolution kinetics of poorly water-soluble drugs simvastatin from its solid dispersion with different carriers by using fluidized bed processing technique.
Methods: The effect of different surfactants such as Gelucire® 44/14, PVP- K30 and Poloxamer- 188 on solid dispersion dissolution and solubility of simvastatin was investigated. Solid dispersion is formed using various techniques with polymeric carrier to potentially enhance the solubility and dissolution rate such as fluidized bed processing, it will extend drug absorption, therefore the objectives were to make a comparative evaluation among different solid dispersions.
Results: The simvastatin solid dispersion prepared by fluidized bed processing significantly enhanced in vitro dissolution and solubility relative to that of the unprocessed form. The dissolution profiles were correlated using various mathematical models such as Zero order, first order, Higuchi and Hixon Crowell model and the Zero order kinetics model gave better correlation results than the other models.
Conclusion: Dissolution profile of simvastatin was significantly improved via complexation with Gelucire 44/14 as compared with the pure drug and other carriers using FBP processing is a highly effective strategy for enhancing the solubility and dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs.
Gestational Hypertension, Preeclampsia, and Eclampsia and Future Neurological Disorders
Authors: Friis Therese , Bergman Lina , Hesselman Susanne , Lindström Linda , Junus Katja , Cluver Catherine , Escudero Carlos , Wikström Anna-Karin 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceGestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia are established risk factors for stroke and dementia later in life. Whether these pregnancy complications are associated with an increased risk of new-onset neurological disorders within months to years after giving birth is not known.ObjectiveTo explore whether gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia are associated with new-onset migraine, headache, epilepsy, sleep disorder, or mental fatigue within months to years after giving birth.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this register-based cohort study, exposures were identified in the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 2005 to 2018. Follow-up was conducted using the National Patient Register, containing diagnoses from specialized inpatient and outpatient care. Follow-up started 42 days after delivery and continued until the first event, death, emigration, or the end of the follow-up period (2019). The risk was calculated with Cox regression analysis and expressed as adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with a 95% CI. Through the Swedish Medical Birth Register, 659 188 primiparous women with singleton pregnancies between 2005 and 2018 were identified. Women with a diagnosis of chronic hypertension (n = 4271) or a prepregnancy neurological disorder (n = 6532) were excluded. The final study population included 648 385 women. Data analyses were conducted in 2023.ExposuresGestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia.Main outcomeThe primary outcome was a composite neurological outcome of migraine, headache, epilepsy, sleep disorder, or mental fatigue.ResultsThe study included 648 385 women with a mean age of 28.5 (SD, 5.0) years at the time of their first pregnancy. Women with gestational hypertension (n = 11 133), preeclampsia (n = 26 797), and eclampsia (n = 625) all had an association with increased risk for a new-onset neurological disorder compared with women with normotensive pregnancies. The aHR for gestational hypertension was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.12-1.45), 1.32 (95% CI, 1.22-1.42) for preeclampsia, and 1.70 (95% CI, 1.16-2.50) for eclampsia. When exploring individual outcomes, women with eclampsia were associated with more than a 5 times increased risk of epilepsy (aHR, 5.31; 95% CI, 2.85-9.89).Conclusion and RelevanceIn this study, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia were associated with an increased risk of new-onset migraine, headache, epilepsy, sleep disorder, or mental fatigue within months to years after giving birth. Guidelines recommend follow-up after delivery for women with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia for their increased risk of cardiovascular disease. At these visits, caregivers should also pay attention to persisting or new-onset of neurological symptoms, since this group of women appears to be vulnerable to developing or experiencing neurological disorders.
Fluorinated Amino Acids in Peptide and Protein Assembly
Authors: Chowdhary Suvrat , Hohmann Thomas , Langhans Alexander , Koksch Beate 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Despite its low abundance in naturally occurring biomolecules, fluorine's often favorable impact on pharmacokinetic and biological properties makes it an outstanding element. In fact, fluorination has found its way into peptide & protein science with paramount interest for biochemical and pharmaceutical applications. The introduction of fluorine can drastically conduct appropriate folding and self‐assembly as indispensable criterion for biomolecular recognition. Peptides and proteins carrying fluorine as an amino acid side chain substituent have been the focus of numerous studies in recent years with scientific breakthroughs on structural stability and preparation of novel fluorinated peptide‐based biomaterials. However, our current understanding of how side chain fluorination affects structure formation and, thus, the biological activity of peptides and proteins is confined.
This book chapter provides a brief yet comprehensive introduction to this research field including state‐of‐the‐art techniques for the determination of hydrophobic properties of fluorinated amino acids used to design and fine‐tune peptide assembly and protein folding. Foundational and unique properties of these artificial biomolecules are discussed by constituting both the growing utility and necessity of fluorinated amino acids for the de novo design of peptide‐based materials and drugs.