bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Different Interventions to Increase Leukocyte Testing During Treatment With Dimethyl Fumarate
Authors: Heidenreich Paul , Sahay Anju , Lin Shoutzu , Gholami Parisa , Goldstein Mary , Moore Von , Burk Muriel , Glassman Peter , Cunningham Francesca 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a treatment for multiple sclerosis, may cause leukopenia and infection. Accordingly, periodic white blood cell (WBC) monitoring is recommended. We sought to evaluate the VA Medication Use Evaluation Tracker (MUET) initiative which provides VA facilities with a list of patients prescribed DMF therapy without a documented white blood cell count (WBC).Methods: We identified 118 VA facilities with patients treated with DMF from 1/1/2016 through 9/30/2016. We determined WBC measurements within three months of the first filled prescription. The lead pharmacist at each facility was surveyed asking if any of seven intervention types were used to improve WBC monitoring (academic detailing, provider education without academic detailing, electronic clinical reminders, request for provider action plan, draft orders for WBC monitoring, patient mailings, and patient calls).Results: The facility response rate for the survey was 78% (92 of 118 facilities). For the 92 included facilities (1,115 patients) the mean rate of WBC monitoring was 54%. Use of the at-risk patient lists was noted in 55% (51/92) of facilities. In multivariate analysis, only academic detailing and provider education remained significantly associated with higher WBC monitoring. From a base WBC monitoring rate of 46%, academic detailing increased the rate by 17% (95% CI 4 to 30%, p=0.011) and provider education increased the rate by 9% (95% CI 0.6 to 18%, p=0.037). The WBC monitoring rate increased by 3.8% for each additional intervention used (95% CI 1.2%-6.4%, p=0.005).Conclusions: Interventions focused on the physician, including academic detailing, were associated with improved WBC monitoring for patients at risk for leukopenia from dimethyl fumarate treatment.
Characterization of Tau ELISAs&nbsp;for Evaluating Tau Accumulation in the Brains With Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Shinohara Mitsuru , Hirokawa Junko , Shimodaira Akemi , Tashiro Yoshitaka , Suzuki Kaoru , Fukumori Akio , Matsubara Tomoyasu , Morishima Maho , Saito Yuko , Murayama Shigeo , Sato Naoyuki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: One main pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is tau accumulation as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain. Although sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are useful for quantifying tau levels, including those in CSF, plasma and brain, it has not yet been determined which antibody combination is the most appropriate for assessing the neuropathological accumulation of tau in the brain. Methods: We developed several sandwich tau ELISAs by introducing antibodies against several tau epitopes, including from its N-terminal and C-terminal regions, and evaluated tau levels depending on disease stage, brain areas, and other AD-related changes. Results: We observed that tau levels in insoluble brain fraction determined by each ELISAs differ depending on the epitopes of the antibodies: there is a trend that non-AD control samples yield relatively high signals when an antibody against the N-terminal region of tau is used. On the other hand, ELISAs combining two antibodies against the later-middle to C-terminal regions of tau produced substantially increased signals from AD samples, compared to those from non-AD controls. Such ELISAs better distinguish AD and non-AD controls, and the results are more closely associated with Braak NFT stage, Aβ accumulation, and neuroinflammatory markers. In addition, these ELISAs can reflect the pattern of tau spread across brain regions. Conclusions: Tau ELISAs that combine two antibodies against the later-middle to C-terminal regions of tau can better reflect neuropathological tau accumulation, which would enable to evaluate tau accumulation in the brain at a biochemical level.
Deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), a Derivate of Deoxynivalenol (DON), Exhibits Less Toxicity on Intestinal Barrier Function, Campylobacter Jejuni Colonization and Translocation in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Ruhnau Daniel , Hess Claudia , Doupovic Barbara , Grenier Bertrand , Schatzmayr Dian , Hess Michael , Awad Wageha 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Intestinal epithelial cells are challenged by mycotoxins and many bacterial pathogens. It was previously shown that the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) as well as Campylobacter (C.) jejuni have a negative impact on gut integrity. Recently it was demonstrated that DON increased the load of C. jejuni in the gut and inner organs. Based on this finding, it was hypothesized the DON metabolite (deepoxy-deoxynivalenol, DOM-1), which is produced during the biotransformation of DON and is less toxic than DON itself should be able to reduce the negative effects of DON on colonization and translocation of C. jejuni in broilers because it lacks the epoxide ring responsible for the toxicity of DON. Methods: A total of 180 broiler chickens were housed in floor pens on wood shavings with feed and water provided ad libitum. Birds were divided into six groups (n = 30 with 5 replicates/group): 1. Control, 2. DOM-1, 3. DON, 4. DOM-1 + C. jejuni, 5. DON + C. jejuni, 6. C. jejuni. At day 14, birds of groups 4, 5 and 6 were orally inoculated via feeding tube (gavage) with 1-ml of a PBS suspension containing 1x108 CFU of C. jejuni NCTC 12744. The performance parameters: body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and feed intake of the birds were determined. At 7, 14, and 21 days post infection, samples from liver, spleen, duodenum, jejunum and cecum were aseptically collected and processed for bacteriological investigations. Finally, at each killing time point, segments of duodenum, jejunum and cecum were harvested and prepared for Ussing chamber studies to measure the paracellular mannitol fluxes. Results: A significant decrease in body weight was observed for chickens receiving the DON diet with or without C. jejuni compared to the other groups. Furthermore, it was found that the co-exposure of birds to DON and C. jejuni resulted in a higher C. jejuni load not only in the gut but also in liver and spleen due to increased paracellular permeability of the duodenum, jejunum and cecum. On the contrary, DOM-1 supplementation in the feed improved the birds’ performance and led to a better feed conversion ratio throughout the trial. Furthermore, DOM-1 did not negatively affect gut permeability and decreased the C. jejuni counts in the intestine and internal organs. Conclusion: Altogether, the dietary inclusion of DOM-1 had a positive effect on performance, did not negatively affect gut paracellular permeability and reduced the C. jejuni load in the intestine, indicating that this mycotoxin metabolite could exert beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal tract by biotransformation, including minimizing the Campylobacter burden in chickens and also the risk for human infection.
A Discrete Multi Objective Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for a Real World Electronic Device Testing Machine Allocation Problem
Authors: Xie Jin , Li Xinyu , GAO Liang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the Electronic Device Testing Machine Allocation Problem (EDTMAP), aiming to improve the production of electronic devices and reduce the scheduling distance of testing machines through reasonable machine allocation. Firstly, a mathematical model is formulated for the EDTMAP to maximize both production and the opposite of the scheduling distance of testing machines. Secondly, we develop a Discrete Multi Objective Artificial Bee Colony (DMOABC) algorithm to solve the EDTMAP. A crossover operator and a local search operator are designed to improve the exploration and exploitation of the algorithm, respectively. Some numerical experiments are designed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm compared with NSGA --Ⅱ and SPEA2. Finally, the mathematical model and the DMOABC algorithm areapplied to a real world factory that tests radio frequency modules. The result also verifies our method can significantly improve production and reduce the scheduling distance of testing machines.
Comparison of Two Surgical Methods in the Treatment of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture: a Case-control Study
Authors: Yu Hao , Wang Fangyuan , Xie Jia , Zhan Junfeng , Yao Yunfeng , Jing Juehua , Li Jun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The Achilles tendon is the strongest tendon in the human body but also prone to injury and rupture, thereby requiring early diagnosis and treatment to prevent the development of lower limb dysfunction. Currently, the best treatment method for acute Achilles tendon rupture remains controversial. As both traditional incision repair and minimally invasive repair have limitations, we propose a new surgical method: the modified Ma-Griffith method combined with minimally invasive small incision(M-G/MISI). This study aimed to compare the efficacy of M-G/MISI and the modified suture technique (MST) for the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture.Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of all patients who underwent treatment for acute Achilles tendon rupture between January 2012 and January 2020 at our hospital. A total of 67 patients were included and divided into two groups: 34 males in the M-G/MISI treatment group and 33 patients (2 females and 31 males) in the MST group. Demographic characteristics, operative details, and postoperative complications were recorded, and data were statistically analysed using SPSS 24.0 for Windows (IBM Corp. Released 2016. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0) to compare the treatment efficacy of the two surgical methods.Results: Although there was no difference in demographic characteristics between the two groups, there were significant differences in the incision length, intra-operative blood loss, post-operative Achilles tendon total rupture score, and post-operative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score. Post-operatively, there was one case of traumatic Achilles tendon rupture in the M-G/MISI group and one case each of infection and deep vein thrombosis in the modified suture group.Conclusion: After follow-up, the post-operative recovery of acute Achilles tendon rupture treated with M-G/MISI is better than that with the MST.
Preliminary Establishment of a Spinal Stability Scoring System for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Yao Xingchen , Shi Xiangjun , Xu Ziyu , Tan Jie , Wei Yanzhe , Qi Lei , Zhou Zihao , Li Lihong , Du Xinru 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Multiple myeloma is an incurable malignant plasma cell disorder that represents the most common primary malignant bone tumor. It commonly involves bone metastasis in multiple vertebral bodies, which SINS scoring system may not be fully applicable to MM patients. We designed a stability evaluation system to evaluate the spinal stability of patients with MM spinal involvement in order to guide clinical treatment.Methods: By using Delphi method, information was collected and extracted through a series of questionnaires and improved via feedback and we preliminary establishment of a spinal stability scoring system for multiple myeloma.Results: Fifteen clinicians completed a second round of questionnaires and compared their answers with those of the first round of questionnaires to identify significant comments or changes that required group discussions. As a result, no further feedback was used to improve the scoring system. After integrating the information from the expert consultation questionnaire, we established the initial scoring system for MM spine stability and used the scoring system to assess a series of representative clinical cases. The scoring system consisted of the following six components. The MM spinal stability scoring system was created by calculating the scores of the six separate components: Location, Pain, Number of segments, Physiological curvature, Comorbidities and Neurological function. The minimum value was ‘0’, and the maximum value was ‘24’. A score of ‘0-10’ indicated ‘spine stability’, a score of ‘11-17’ indicated ‘potential instability’, and a score of ‘18-24’ indicated ‘spine instability’. Patients with a score of ‘11-24’ need an intervention such as surgery.Conclusions: The initial establishment of the MM spine stability scoring system provides a vital theoretical basis for the evaluation of spine stability in individuals with MM. Trial registration: The conducted study contains a retrospective analysis of medical records of our hospital database. Beijing Chao-yang Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee classifies this as a retrospective audit. The ethics approval and consent was given for the conducted retrospective data analysis.
Optimization of Communication to Improve the Medication Process in Nursing Home Care – a Qualitative Evaluation
Authors: Nestler Nadja , Mahlknecht Angelika , Bauer Ulrike , Krisch Laura , Osterbrink Juergen , Flamm Maria 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Cooperation and communication are central factors for a safe medication process, especially residents of nursing homes, due to their multimorbidity, and hence, their need of numerous drugs. An interprofessional team is needed to handle potential problems of the medication process, but as several studies confirm, communication and cooperation within the medication process allow for improvement. This study aims to understand functioning and malfunctioning aspects of communication and cooperation within the medication process, to use these results to optimize the communication and coordination between the involved professional groups, and to examine changes after intervention.Methods: This qualitative study is part of an interventional study. Involved professional groups of the medication process were interviewed before and after an intervention to evaluate experiences regarding communication, cooperation, as well as with the intervention overall. Six group discussions and two expert interviews with general practitioners, nurses of nursing homes and pharmacists were recorded and transcribed. Data analysis was done via qualitative content analysis to examine communication and cooperation of the professional groups. A derived coding tree was developed, output from codes was used to sort data into themes, and quotations were selected that exemplified themes for inclusion in this manuscript.A combined intervention was implemented that included an education program concerning medication safety and an online communication tool.Results: Responsibility and availability are two central aspects for efficient cooperation and communication. Problems are mostly system-related due to the necessity to use traditional ways of communication. The usage of a new online communication platform enables a regular medication review and an independence from personal attendances of all professional groups.Conclusion: An interprofessional education program as well as the implementation of an online communication tool overcame barriers of communication and cooperation, systematized the medication process, and allowed for independent working routines of the professional groups.Trial registration: DRKS Data Management, ID: DRKS00007900
Effects of single transplantation and multiple transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on the recovery of ovarian function in the treatment of premature ovarian failure in mice
Authors: Lv Xiaodan , Guan Chunyi , Li Ying , Su Xing , Zhang lu , Wang Xueqin , Ma Xu , Xia hongfei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAt present, there is no effective treatment for premature ovarian failure (POF), and stem cell therapy is considered the most promising treatment. Human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have shown good regenerative ability in a variety of diseases including POI, but the method and dosage of hUC-MSCs to treat POI are not clear. This study aims to explore the treatment options of hUC-MSCs for POF by comparing single injection and multiple injections of hUC-MSCs on the ovarian function repair of POF caused by chemotherapy drugs.MethodsFemale mice were injected intraperitoneally with 30 mg/kg of busulfan and 120 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide to induce POF. In the single hUC-MSCs injection group, 7 days after the mice were injected with cyclophosphamide and busulfan, hUC-MSCs were transplanted into these mice. In the multiple injection group, hUC-MSCs were transplanted 7 days, 14 days and 21 days after the mice were injected with cyclophosphamide and busulfan. We evaluated ovarian morphology, fertility, follicle stimulating hormone and estradiol concentration, and follicle count, evaluated POF model and cell transplantation. In addition, real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, miRNA chip and mRNA chip are used to evaluate the effect of cell therapy.ResultsCompared with the POF group, the ovarian size and primordial follicle count in the hUC-MSC group were significantly improved, and the fertility was also significantly improved. Immunohistochemistry showed that compared with the POF group, the anti-Mullerian hormone and Ki-67 in the ovary of the hUC-MSC group increased significantly, and ovulation was significantly restored. Real-time PCR showed that the expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptor, inhibin and inhibin in the hUC-MSCs group was significantly restored compared with the POF group. The results of mRNA and miRNA chips also showed that hUC-MSC restored ovarian function at the gene level. long-term treatment effect shows that the multiple transplantation hUC-MSCs group is better than the single transplantation hUC-MSCs group. 60 days after the mice were injected with cyclophosphamide and busulfan, the organ coefficient of multiple transplantation of hUC-MSCs increased compared with the POF group, the number of primary follicles increased, and hormone secretion increased. ConclusionThe results show that multiple trasplantation of hUC-MSCs can promote the recovery of ovarian function in POF mice more than a single transplantation. This study provides a basis for the therapeutic dose and therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs on POF.
Comparison of Choroidal Thickness Measurements between Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography in Children
Authors: Lee Chun On , Zhang Xiujuan , Tang Shumin , Chen Li Jia , Cheung Carol , Yam Jason 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE: Choroidal thickness is associated with many ocular conditions, interchangeability among different generations of optical coherence tomography is therefore important for both research purpose and clinical application. Hence, we compared choroidal thickness measurements between spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in healthy pediatric eyes.METHODS: Children from the population–based Hong Kong Children Eye Study were recruited. Choroidal thickness was measured by both devices. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to compare the measurements.RESULTS: A total of 114 children with mean age of 7.38±0.82 years were included. The central foveal choroidal thickness (CFCT) measured by SD-OCT and SS-OCT was 273.24±54.29μm and 251.84±47.12μm respectively. Inter-device correlation coefficient was 0.840 (95%CI: 0.616-0.918). However, choroidal thickness obtained by SD-OCT was significantly thicker than that measured by SS-OCT with a mean difference of 21.40±33.13μm (P<0.001). Bland-Altman limit of agreement on the relative difference scale for SD-OCT/SS-OCT was 86.33μm. Validated conversion equation for translating SD-OCT CFCT measurement into SS-OCT was SS-OCT = 35.261 + 0.810 x SD-OCT. CONCLUSIONS: ICC shows an acceptable agreement between SD-OCT and SS-OCT, however, there was a significant inter-device difference of choroidal thickness measurements in normal children eyes. Therefore, the measurements are not interchangeable.
Glutamine, Glutamate, and Aspartate Improves Morphology and Energy Production of Small Intestine in Piglets with Different Energy Levels Diets
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Nan , Qi Ming , Li Jianjun , Tan Bie , Yin Yulong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Weaning-stress may cause reduced energy intake for maintenance of mucosal structure. Glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), and aspartate (Asp) are major energy sources for small intestine. This study investigated whether Gln, Glu, and Asp improve the intestinal morphology via regulating the energy metabolism in weaning-piglet. A total of 198 weaned-piglets were assigned to the following treatments: Control (Basal diet + 1.59% L-Alanine); T1 (Basal diet + 1% L-Gln + 0.5% L-Glu + 0.1% L-Asp); T2 (Low energy diet + 1% L-Gln + 0.5% L-Glu + 0.1% L-Asp). Jejunum and ileum were obtained on d-5 or d-21 post-weaning. Results: Improved growth performance on d-21 post-weaning were observed in T1 treatment. Both T1 and T2 treatments improved small intestinal morphology by increasing villus height, goblet cell number and decreasing crypt depth on d 5 or d-21 post-weaning. Gln, Glu, and Asp could restore the small intestinal energy homeostasis via replenishing the Krebs’ cycle and down-regulate the AMPK pathway. However, when piglets fed by a low energy diet, Gln, Glu, and Asp are not sufficient to maintain the intestinal energy balance on d-5 post-weaning so that the AMPK, beta-oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis are activated to meet the high energy demand of enterocytes. Conclusion: These data indicated that Gln, Glu, and Asp could restore the energy homeostasis of intestinal mucosa of piglets. And the mucosal energy metabolism showed different responses to the intervention of Gln, Glu, and Asp in piglets with a low energy diet between d5 and d21 post-weaning. These findings provide new information on the nutritional intervention for the insufficient energy intake in weaning-piglet.