bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable cultivation of Haematococcus pluvialis and Chromochloris zofingiensis for the production of astaxanthin and co‐products
Authors: Nishshanka Gannoru Kankanamalage Sanuji Hasara , Liyanaarachchi Vinoj Chamilka , Premaratne Malith , Ariyadasa Thilini U. , Nimarshana P. H. V. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLarge‐scale cultivation of microalgae for the production of high‐value compounds raises concerns on sustainability due to intense consumption of water resources. Use of wastewater for microalgae cultivation is considered a promising alternative, because it not only reduces water consumption, but also provides nutrients required for microalgae growth. In the present study, Haematococcus pluvialis and Chromochloris zofingiensis were cultivated in synthetic dairy wastewater (DWW) to identify the potential of developing high‐value product first biorefineries, with astaxanthin as the main product. H. pluvialis and C. zofingiensis cultivated in DWW achieved biomass concentrations of 0.55 ± 0.01 and 0.65 ± 0.01 g/L, respectively. Astaxanthin contents of 2.1 ± 0.1% and 0.4 ± 0.1% were observed in H. pluvialis and C. zofingiensis grown in DWW. Minimum freshwater consumption for cultivation was 69.93 L/gastaxanthin in control growth media, which could be eliminated by cultivation of microalgae in DWW. COD, TN, and TP removal efficiencies were in the range of 94%–96%, 79%–81%, and 57%–79%, respectively, indicating capability for simultaneous biomass production and phycoremediation. Presence of carbohydrates and lipids in residual biomass suggested the applicability as feedstock for biorefining. Potential avenues to integrate wastewater treatment, astaxanthin production, and valorization of residual biomass were discussed in context of high‐value product first biorefineries.
4‐Sulfamoylphenylalkylamides as Inhibitors of Carbonic Anhydrases Expressed in Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Mancuso Francesca , De Luca Laura , Bucolo Federica , Vrabel Milan , Angeli Andrea , Capasso Clemente , Supuran Claudiu T. , Gitto Rosaria 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA current issue of antimicrobial therapy is the resistance to treatment with worldwide consequences. Thus, the identification of innovative targets is an intriguing challenge in the drug and development process aimed at newer antimicrobial agents. The state‐of‐art of anticholera therapy might comprise the reduction of the expression of cholera toxin, which could be reached through the inhibition of carbonic anhydrases expressed in Vibrio cholerae (VchCAα, VchCAβ, and VchCAγ). Therefore, we focused our interest on the exploitation of sulfonamides as VchCA inhibitors. We planned to design and synthesize new benzenesulfonamides based on our knowledge of the VchCA catalytic site. The synthesized compounds were tested thus collecting useful SAR information. From our investigation, we identified new potent VchCA inhibitors, some of them displayed high affinity toward VchCAγ class, for which few inhibitors are currently reported in literature. The best interesting VchCAγ inhibitor (S)‐N‐(1‐oxo‐1‐((4‐sulfamoylbenzyl)amino)propan‐2‐yl)furan‐2‐carboxamide (40) resulted more active and selective inhibitor when compared with acetazolamide (AAZ) as well as previously reported VchCA inhibitors.
A mobile energy trading scheme based on Lightning Network
Authors: Tan Chaoyue , Chen Yuling , Ren Xiaojun , Peng Changgen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCurrent blockchain‐based energy trading models raise serious concerns regarding the high and capped transaction latency and expensive service charges. To solve these problems, In this article, we combine Lightning Network (LN) and smart contract to present a mobile energy trading scheme based on LN. The focal point of the scheme lies in transfer of value occurs off‐blockchain, which addresses the problem of transaction latency. Next, to solve the security of proposed scheme, we design a mechanism to delivery secret R. Participants exchange some parameters to calculate R instead of delivery it directly. The found security is guaranteed by committing funds into a multi‐signature address in proposed scheme. Then, we conduct a comprehensive experiment to evaluate the proposed scheme. The simulation and analysis results show that the proposed scheme is efficient than traditional trading. In addition, we analyze our entire scheme and conclude that it defenses anti‐tampering attacks and replay attack capacity effectively.
Oppositional tunicate fuzzy C‐means algorithm and logistic regression for intrusion detection on cloud
Authors: Kanimozhi P. , Aruldoss Albert Victoire T. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryCloud computing is the most popular emerging computational model in information technology. The data communication security requirement is increased day by day with the development of cloud computing. Virtualization facilitates cloud computing architecture, which raises a few security concerns. In the previous year, many new research approaches were introduced, resulting in more sophisticated and time‐consuming results, as well as less flexibility, a lower attack detection rate, and so on. In this article, we proposed a logistic regression‐based oppositional tunicate fuzzy C‐mean (LR‐OTSFCM) methodology for the detection of cloud intrusion. The major contribution of this article is attack detection from the cloud environment. The proposed work is classified into four stages, namely, preprocessing, partitioning, cluster handling, and intrusion detection stages. In the first stage, we use the text data as the input; then, it is preprocessed. Second, the feature selections are performed via a logistic regression model. The combination of the oppositional tunicate swarm algorithm (OPTSA) and fuzzy C‐mean clustering (FCM) model is to perform data clustering. Third, the cluster handling stage is handled by cluster expansion and integration. Fourth, the clustering result builds a profile of normal and abnormal behavior. The local optimum avoidance ability of OPTSA is tested using four benchmark problems, namely, composition functions, unimodal, multimodal, and fixed dimensions of multimodal functions with 20 benchmark functions. Ultimately, the proposed LR‐OTSFCM method is compared with state‐of‐art approaches such as ANN, LR‐HID, ML‐IDS, and En‐ABC. The proposed scheme effectiveness is carried out by using four datasets such as, namely, synthetic, NIB, CICID 2017, and CIDD datasets. The proposed method demonstrated a superior attack detection rate.
A Bloom filter variant for Blockchain
Authors: Fan Xing , Niu Baoning 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBlockchain is a single linked list of blocks consisting of transactions identified by their hash value. Querying Blockchain, primarily searching blocks/transactions, can be treated as membership queries and efficiently evaluated by a Bloom filter (BF). The existing BFs for Blockchain, however, do not exploit the data characteristics of Blockchain and the features of modern processors, which otherwise have the potential to greatly improve their performance. This article proposes a novel Bloom filter variant for Blockchain, called Blockchain Bloom Filter (BBF), with three alternatives to improve BF. First, we reorganize BF structure to make use of Single Instruction Multiple Data provided by modern processors, which parallelize the bit‐map and bit‐test processes of BBF and accelerate element insertion and membership querying. On that basis, hash computation of BBF is parallelized, which reduce the hashing time to that of the BF in theory, where k is the number of hash functions. Second, hash functions derived from block/transaction hash are developed to reduce the complexity of hash computation and accelerate the element insertion and membership query processes of BBF. Finally, we further refine BBF structure to limit the mapping range of an element within a cache‐line in the on‐chip cache in order to increase cache efficiency. With the improvements, both theoretical analysis and extensive simulations show that the performance of BBF membership queries greatly exceeds the three state‐of‐the‐art Bloom filter variants, which enables efficient data queries and application specific analysis over Blockchain.
Target localization in local dense mapping usingRGBD SLAMand object detection
Authors: Liu Yuting , Xu Manman , Jiang Guozhang , Tong Xiliang , Yun Juntong , Liu Ying , Chen Baojia , Cao Yongcheng , Sun Nannan , Li Zeshen 
Published: September 2021

SummaryTarget localization in unknown environment is one of the development directions of mobile robots. Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) can be used to build maps in unknown environments, but it has the problem of poor readability and interactivity. In this article, target detection and SLAM are combined to search and locate the target by using rich RGBD images information. The determined position in the global map is conducive to the follow‐up operation of the target by mobile robots. By establishing a local dense point cloud map of the target object, the current state of the target object is directly displayed, the readability of the map is improved, and the disadvantages of difficult understanding of the global sparse map and slow construction of the global dense map are avoided. A target localization algorithm under the framework of yolov4 is designed to apply in the process of SLAM global mapping. Our works are helpful for obtaining positions of objects in three‐dimensional space. The experimental results show that the time‐consuming of this method in dense mapping is reduced by 50%–70%, and the number of point clouds is also reduced by 60%–70%.
Novel clip device for prevention of bleeding after endoscopic papillectomy
Authors: Miwa Haruo , Sugimori Kazuya , Tsuchiya Hiromi , Sugimori Makoto , Nishimura Masaki , Tozuka Yuichiro , Komiyama Satoshi , Sato Takeshi , Kaneko Takashi , Numata Kazushi , Maeda Shin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesRecently, a novel clip device, SureClip® (Micro‐Tech Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China), has been developed, which improved rotation and reopening performance. We aimed to assess the efficacy of the SureClip® in prophylactic closure of the mucosal break after endoscopic papillectomy (EP) for ampullary neoplasm.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 40 patients who underwent EP for ampullary neoplasms between October 2009 and March 2020. Prophylactic closure after resection was performed using the conventional clip between 2014 and 2018, and with the SureClip® after 2019. The baseline characteristics, techniques, outcomes, and complications of EP were analyzed.ResultsThe median age of the patients (25 males and 15 females) was 70 years. The en block resection rate was 82.5% and the curative resection rate was 80.0%. Histologically, 11 (27.5%) patients had malignancy. Prophylactic closure was performed in 29 (72.5%) patients (17 conventional clips, 12 SureClip®). Complications occurred in 18 (45.0%) patients, including postprocedure bleeding in 9 (22.5%) patients. However, no postprocedure bleeding was observed in the patients who received prophylactic closure using the SureClip® (p = 0.038). All other factors were not significantly correlated with postprocedure bleeding. The duration of hospital stay after EP was significantly shorter in patients treated with the SureClip® compared to those treated with a conventional clip or without clips (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn the present study, prophylactic clipping of the mucosal break using the SureClip® was effective in preventing bleeding after EP.
Rosacea treatments: Current standards and additional options
Authors: Tan Jerry , Singh Balraj , Song Yifeng , Zaher Omar , Arents Bernd W. M. , Schaller Martin , van Zuuren Esther J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundRosacea, a chronic facial and ocular inflammatory disease, is readily visible with consequential adverse psychosocial impacts. Progress in epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatments, psychosocial and quality of life impact has led to improved outcomes. Additionally, there has been a transition to updated clinical criteria for diagnosis and classification, the phenotype approach, based on rosacea‐associated features.ObjectiveOur objective was to identify current evidence‐based standards of treatment for rosacea highlighting recently approved interventions and including innovative options.MethodsReviews establishing current standards of care published over the past three years and English language clinical studies of rosacea treatment from 2018‐ March 2021 were included. In addition to pivotal trials, the latter were also selected based on innovation and practicality of the intervention.ResultsIn addition to treatments identified in guidelines and systematic reviews, additional options derive from use in other dermatological conditions ‐ such as botulinum toxin, hydroxychloroquine, photodynamic therapy, radiofrequency with or without microneedling ‐ or from other medical conditions, such as artemether and sumatriptan.ConclusionWe provide a template of longitudinal care for rosacea based on features divided into current standards and additional options. The latter may provide the impetus for further research and development to provide options with greater efficacy, longer remissions and/or lower risk of adverse events to improve outcomes in patients with rosacea.
A randomized clinical trial on the short‐term effects of 12‐week sacubitril/valsartan vs. enalapril on peak oxygen consumption in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: results from the ACTIVITY‐HF study
Authors: Halle Martin , Schöbel Christoph , Winzer Ephraim B. , Bernhardt Peter , Mueller Stephan , Sieder Christian , Lecker Laura S.M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsACTIVITY‐HF was a randomized, double‐blind, active‐controlled study, which assessed the short‐term effect of sacubitril/valsartan compared with the active comparator enalapril on improving maximal exercise capacity in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).Methods and resultsA total of 201 ambulatory patients with HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40%, New York Heart Association class III) across 34 centres in Germany were randomized (1:1) to receive sacubitril/valsartan 97/103 mg bid (n = 103) or enalapril 10 mg bid (n = 98). The primary endpoint of the study was the change from baseline in peak oxygen consumption (VO2; adjusted to body weight) after 12 weeks, and the key secondary endpoint was change from baseline in peak VO2 after 6 weeks. The study population was predominantly male (81.1%) with a mean age of 66.9 years and a body mass index of 29.4 kg/m2. Change in peak VO2 from baseline to Week 12 was similar between sacubitril/valsartan and enalapril groups [least squares mean difference: 0.32 mL/min/kg; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.21, 0.85; P = 0.2327]. Similarly, no significant differences were observed between the two treatment groups in minute ventilation to carbon dioxide production slope, exercise capacity at first ventilatory threshold or Borg scale at either Week 6 or Week 12. Change in heart rate at first ventilatory threshold was lower in the sacubitril/valsartan group compared with the enalapril group at Week 12 (mean −3.75 bpm; 95% CI −7.03, −0.48; P = 0.0248). The safety of sacubitril/valsartan was comparable to enalapril.ConclusionIn patients with HFrEF, short‐term treatment with sacubitril/valsartan for 12 weeks did not result in significant benefits on peak VO2 when compared with enalapril.
Pentaisopropyl Cyclopentadienyl: An Overview across the Periodic Table
Authors: Lauk Sergej , Schäfer André 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCyclopentadienide (Cp) groups are among the most popular ligands in organometallic chemistry. Sterically demanding substitution patterns on the Cp ring can have an important effect on the ligand properties and there are many examples of metal complex which are only stable and isolatable with sterically demanding Cp ligands, carrying alkyl or aryl groups. Among these sterically demanding Cp ligands, pentaisopropylcyclopentadienide is the bulkiest pentaalkyl derivative and has been utilized in main group, as well as transition metal and rare‐earth element chemistry for several decades.
Effect of Temperature and Oxygen Dose During Rendering of Goose Fat to Promote Fatty Acid Profiles
Authors: Wojtasik‐Kalinowska Iwona , Górska‐Horczyczak Elżbieta , Stelmasiak Adrian , Marcinkowska‐Lesiak Monika , Onopiuk Anna , Wierzbicka Agnieszka , Półtorak Andrzej 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe effect of two fat rendering systems of goose fat, sous‐vide and conventional oven baking, on fatty acid and volatile compound profiles, color, and lipids oxidation, is evaluated during refrigerated storage. Low temperature rendering increases polyunsaturated fatty acids and decreases saturated fatty acids concentration (P ≤ 0.05). The obtained results show that oxygen deprivation reduces the fat oxidation process. A discriminant model is designed using principal component analysis. Aldehydes are the dominant volatile fraction of all tested goose fats obtained by various rendering methods. Sous‐vide fat rendered at 90 °C exhibits a flavor difference from raw and baked fat and is recommended as a source of beneficial fatty acids. The utilization of rendering temperature of 130 °C negatively affects the quality of goose fat.Practical applications: The rendering of goose fat under proper conditions influences its stability and promotes the fatty acid profile, as well as aroma and color. Owing to its pro‐health and healing properties, goose fat is perfect for colds accompanied by a runny nose, cough and elevated body temperature. It has a warming effect, which is especially beneficial in the case of non‐invasive treatment of the upper respiratory tract. Additionally, the particularity of goose's fatty acids affects the physical properties (liquid state at room temperature, oxidative stability with the optimal rendering method), where the optimal aroma profile is measured using an electronic nose, which is stable and distinctive. Abdominal goose fat gives a wide range of applications in gastronomy. Owing to the universality resulting from the fatty acid profile not conflicting with religious and cultural statues, as is the case of pork or whale fat, it is a good alternative to animal fats in human nutrition.
Moral relevance varies due to inter‐individual and intra‐individual differences across big data technology domains
Authors: Kodapanakkal Rabia I. , Brandt Mark J. , Kogler Christoph , van Beest Ilja 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTheories of moralization argue that moral relevance varies due to inter‐individual differences, domain differences, or a mix of both. Predictors associated with these sources of variation have been studied in isolation to assess their unique contribution to moralization. Across three studies (NStudy1 = 376; NStudy2a = 621; NStudy2b = 589), assessing attitudes towards new big data technologies, we found that moralization is best explained by theories focusing on inter‐individual variation (∼29%) and intra‐individual variation across technology domains (∼49%), and less by theories focusing on differences between technology domains (∼6%). We simultaneously examined 15 inter‐individual and 16 intra‐individual predictors that potentially explain this variation. Predictors directly relevant to the technologies (e.g., justice concerns), cognitive styles (e.g., faith in intuition), and emotional reactions (e.g., anger) best explain variation in moral relevance. Accordingly, scholars should simultaneously adopt and adapt moralization theories related to inter‐individual and intra‐individual differences across domains rather than in isolation.
Influence of Feeding Ecology on Legacy Organochlorine Contaminants in Freshwater Fishes of Lake Erie
Authors: Heuvel Cecilia E. , Drouillard Kenneth G. , Haffner G. Douglas , Zhao Yingming , Fisk Aaron T. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in biota are influenced by ecological, physiological, and physicochemical properties; however, there is a need for a better understanding about the interplay of these parameters on POP dynamics and fate. To address this, POPs in three Lake Erie freshwater fishes (freshwater drum, Aplodinotus grunniens; walleye, Sander vitreus; and white perch, Morone americana) with different feeding ecologies were assessed using life history characteristics and three stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S). Lipid normalized POP concentrations were in the range of past studies and were generally similar among the three species when all ages were combined. Principal component analysis (PCA) found the two significant PCs (explaining 59% and 10% of the variation), with all POPs loading significantly onto PC1, which indicated a common source of contamination, likely legacy sediment loads. Loadings on both PCs were correlated with POP log KOW. Age, habitat use (δ13C and δ34S), trophic position (δ15N) and interactions between age and δ15N, age and species, and δ15N and δ34S were significant predictors of POP concentration based on PC1 scores, whereas δ13C and species were significant predictors of PC2 scores. The similar concentrations among the species, yet variation related to the ecology (age and trophic position) across individuals demonstrates the complexity of contaminant dynamics in freshwater fish in a large lake system and the need to consider variation across individuals within species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3421–3433. © 2021 SETAC