PRESERVING HADITH TRADITION IN THE MODERN TIMES: Muhammad Yâsîn al-Fâdânî’s Thought on Sanad in His al-‘Ujâlah fi al-Ahâdîth al-Musalsalah
Authors: Noor Umar Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

<p><strong>Abstrak: </strong><strong>Melestarikan Tradisi Hadis di Era Modern: Pemikiran Mu<span style="text-decoration: underline;">h</span>ammad Yâsîn al-Fâdânî tentang Sanad dalam Kitab <em>al-‘Ujâlah fi al-A<span style="text-decoration: underline;">h</span>âdîth al-Musalsalah</em></strong><em>. </em>Selepas kesempurnaan <em>tadwîn</em> (pembukuan hadis), periwayatan hadis bersanad telah berubah menjadi sekadar tradisi formalistik. Sanad hadis telah beralih fungsi daripada penentu status hadis kepada sekadar simbol keberkatan. Namun begitu, apabila kalangan reformis abad modern terlihat merendahkan kepentingan sanad, kalangan tradisionalis tetap melihat sanad dan tradisi periwayatan sebagai sesuatu yang mesti dilestarikan. Salah seorang daripada mereka ialah Mu<span style="text-decoration: underline;">h</span>ammad Yâsîn al-Fâdânî (w. 1990), seorang ulama Nusantara yang namanya sering diiringi dengan gelaran <em>musnid al-‘ashr</em> (musnid semasa yang terulung). Artikel ini akan mengkaji pandangan beliau mengenai konsep sanad dan relevansi periwayatan hadis bersanad di abad modern. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan mengaplikasi metode analisis dokumen dan sejarah dengan penumpuan kepada buku al-Fâdânî yang bertajuk <em>al-‘Ujâlah fi al-A<span style="text-decoration: underline;">h</span>âdîts al-Musalsalah</em>. Dengan meletakkan buku ini dalam konteks kebangkitan pemikiran Islam pada abad 14/20 dan semangat kritis terhadap tradisi, kajian ini menganalisis konsep oleh al-Fâdânî berkenaan sanad dan penggunaannya dengan memfokuskan kepada dua aspek utama yaitu kesahihan dan pelestarian tradisi. Kajian mendapati bahwa sirkulasi sanad di abad modern bukan lagi bertujuan untuk pendalilan dan pengukuhan hujah, akan tetapi sekadar untuk pelestarian tradisi dan mengharapkan keberkatan (<em>tabarruk</em>). Usaha positif ini mengandungi efek negatif berupa sikap mengambil ringan (<em>tasâhul</em>) aspek kesahihan yang berlanjut dengan periwayatan hadis-hadis lemah dan palsu. Keadaan ini mencetuskan kritikan daripada pelbagai kalangan termasuk tokoh-tokoh tradisionalis sendiri.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> hadis, sanad, <em>musalsal</em>, tabaruk, salafi<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Before long after the completion of tadwîn (hadith canonization) in the 3/9 century, hadith transmission practice had become a formalistic tradition. The function of sanad (hadith’s chain of transmission) has shifted from being the authenticity determinant into a mere symbol of consecration. While most of modern Islamic reformists seem to undervalue the sanad, traditionalists groups perceive it as one of Islamic traditions that worth preservation. One of them was Mu<span style="text-decoration: underline;">h</span>ammad Yâsîn al-Fâdânî (d. 1990), a prominent traditionalist whose name is often preceded by the title musnid al-‘ashr (the musnid of the century). The objective of this paper is to examine al-Fâdânî’s view on sanad and its significance in modern times with special attention given to both authenticity and preservation aspects. This study applies document and historical analysis focused mainly on al-Fâdânî’s <em>al-‘Ujâlah fi al-A<span style="text-decoration: underline;">h</span>âdîts al-Musalsalah</em>. It found that the sanad circulation in the modern period, including what is included in al-Fâdânî’s work, is not for theological or legal argument purposes. Instead, it was mainly maintained to preserve past Islamic tradition and to spread spirituality. Itcomes, however, with several negativities which draw serious criticism from both reformist and traditionalist groups.<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> hadith, <em>sanad</em>, <em>musalsal</em>, <em>tabarruk</em>, salafi</p>