bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Support system model for smallholder to accelerate the implementation of palm cattle integration
Authors: Wulandari S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Palm cattle integration is plants and livestock integrated activities in a farming unit. This system is part of the government programs to meet national beef’s need at a macro level. It is also a strategy in optimizing land use to increase productivity and farmers’ income. However, its implementation has not been developing and running optimally. This condition is caused by various technical and institutional constraints faced by smallholders. In the long term, it may affect its sustainability because farmers cannot overcome it only by using their resources and capabilities. It can be overcome by providing a support system. This paper aims to analyze the constraints and develop a support system model for smallholders to accelerate the implementation of palm cattle integration. The constraints faced by farmers are related to working capital, raw material, technologies, skills, market, and tools and machinery. The strategies include strengthening farmer and farmer groups, optimizing production and productivity, and developing a market link. The support facilities consist of factors to increase farmers’ and farmer organizations’ capabilities and provide resources. Providing support facilities will involve local government, private sector, cooperative, financial service, production service, market and institutional service, certification service, and research agency.
Analysis of hydraulic sluice gate Sapon – intake in Progo river Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Nuryanti P , Legono D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Progo River is water source from one of the harvests to irrigate Special Region of Yogyakarta irrigation network. Sapon, which has an area of 2250 Ha, received the water from Progo through Sapon intake. To fulfill the water requirement for Sapon irrigation area according to the demand of water debit based on the water needs of System Planning (August - Jul planting pattern) and Alternative water supply (Oct - Sep), it is necessary to operate the technique on the door Sapon intake by analyze the Sapon intake watergate in terms of hydraulics. The method used was field observation by conducting interviews and hydraulic analysis of watergate by analyzing water door height (ha). From the analysis, the results has shown, four door openings are not necessary because one, two and three door openings meet the requirements for operational intake doors with high door openings <h (height of intake holes). The operation of intake doors based on the water demand system planning (August - Jul planting pattern) is more efficient than the intake door operation based on alternative water demand (Oct - Sep). From the results can be concluded that Sapon intake capable of flowing water following the required discharge.
The effectiveness of the application method of liquid organic fertilizer in different concentration on lettuce
Authors: Frasetya B , Taofik A , Nasrulloh L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Fertilization using organic materials has a double benefit in preserving the environment and plant growth. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the application method of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) with various concentrations on lettuce plants’ growth. The research method used was experimental research using a factorial complete randomized design. Factor 1 is the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 ml l−1), and Factor 2 is the method of applying LOF (spray, watering, and combination spray and watering). Each unit of the experiment was repeated three times. Growth and yield parameters observed in this study: plant height, leaf area, dry weight, and fresh plant weight. The data of growth parameters and lettuce yields were then analyzed using variance analysis at 5% level and Duncan’s test at 5% level. The results showed an interaction between the application method and LOF concentration on leaf area, dry weight, and fresh weight. The independent effect occurs on plant height parameters. The application of LOF concentrations of 15 ml l−1 in lettuce plants using watering and spraying is more effective than the other treatment.
Various planting media and boron concentrations supporting growth and yield of melon on drip irrigation hydroponic system
Authors: Hidayat C , Roosda A A , Fauziah S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Planting media is an important component in hydroponic. Additional nutrient, boron, is expected able to support growth and increase fruit production of melon. This study aimed to determine the interaction between various planting media and the concentrations of boron as well as to get the right composition of planting media and boron on the growth and yield of melon. This research was conducted in a greenhouse in Cikeusik, Tasikmalaya. A split-plot design with three replications was applied to the experiment. The main plot was boron concentrations: 0 ppm, 0.35 ppm, 0.7 ppm, and 1.05 ppm while the subplots consisted of 100% rice husk, 100% cocopeat, and charcoal rice husk: cocopeat (50:50). The results showed no interaction between boron concentrations and planting media. Otherwise, boron concentration of 0.7 ppm affecting independently the traits, i.e., number of flowers, fruit weight, and fruit thickness. Planting media of 100% cocopeat affected leaf area parameter. Application of 0.7 ppm boron and cocopeat growing media, independently, increase the growth and production of melon plants on drip irrigation hydroponic system. Sufficient concentration applied in a proper planting media and the hydroponic system could lead to the production of melon.
In vitro responses of Areca catechu immature embryos on medium containing plant growth regulators
Authors: Dinarti D , Sudarsono S , Irawan J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Betel (Pinang) nuts are used as herbs, traditional medicine, and in the beverage industry. Planting materials for Areca nut cultivation are seeds. However, the presence of 2 – 3 months dormancy hampers germination of Areca nut seeds. Therefore, developing alternative strategies to overcome such problems is necessary. This study evaluates Areca nut immature embryo in vitro responses on MS medium having various plant growth regulators. The experiments were set up using a single factor in a complete randomized design. The embryos were planted either on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (MS0), MS with a combination of BAP (1 ppm) and NAA (0.1 ppm), or MS medium supplemented with GA3 (3 ppm). Areca nut immature embryos planted on a medium containing BAP (1 ppm) and NAA (0.1 ppm) than that on a medium containing GA3 (3 ppm). The germinated embryos were best on medium supplemented with a combination of BAP (1 ppm) and NAA (0.1 ppm). Immature Areca nut embryos planted on MS0 medium were unable to grow. In conclusion, Areca nut immature embryos may be used as explants for this palm tree’s micropropagation, and the embryos germinated well on a medium containing BAP and NAA.
The role of planting media and mulch in the growth of Leptopus antigonon as a beneficial plant on oil palm plantation
Authors: Hariyadi  , Syahlan A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Oil palm is one of the important plantation crops in Indonesia. Oil palm is also a potential source of foreign exchange. In sustainable oil palm plantation management, pest and disease control are factors affecting FFB yield. A fireworm is a pest for oil palms. Biological control of fireworm in oil palm plantations is conducted by planting Antigonon leptopus, which produces nectar for parasitoid hosts and the caterpillars’ predators. The growth and development of oil palm trees are affected by planting medium and maintenance. This study aims to obtain the best media and mulching composition for growing A. leptopus. The study uses a completely randomized design (CRD). The planting media treatment consists of various ratios of soil, sand, and manure (T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4). The mulch treatment consists of mulching (M0 and without mulching (M1). The parameters observed included length of tendrils, number of leaflets, total dry weight, root dry weight, root shoot ratio, number of flowers, and flowering plants. The results showed that planting media did not affect seed germination and viability. The ratio of planting media (2:1:1) combined with mulching gave the best vegetative growth and number of flowers for A. leptosus.
Shallot haploid breeding for sustainable production-callus induction from shallot anther tissues
Authors: Irawan J , Sudarsono  , Maharijaya A , Dinarti D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Shallot is an essential vegetable crop in Indonesia, and its cultivation requires labor and capital intensive. Availability of high yielding and disease resistant shallot varieties will ensure its sustainable production. Haploid breeding should be beneficial for supporting the shallot breeding program. This study aims to identify suitable media for inducing callus growth and subsequent shoots or somatic embryo (SE) regeneration from anther tissues. In this study, successful callus induction was obtained from shallot anther but not for shoots or SE regeneration. The three different flower-sized responses were also investigated, and large flowers (5mm x 3mm) with an average anther length of 1.44 ± 0.04 mm were the best for callus induction. The microscopic observation indicated that large and medium flowers contain most bicellular pollen developmental stages, while small flowers are mostly tetrad stage. It also showed that the bicellular stage was more responsive to callus induction than the tetrad one. Moreover, the C1 medium consisted of MS basal medium supplemented with 3 mg L−1 BAP, 3 mg L−1 NAA, and 30 g/L sucrose was the best medium for inducing callus from anther explant.
The response of Phalaenopsis amabilis seedling (in vitro and greenhouse) after Salicylic acid treatment to Dickeya dadantii infection
Authors: Lubis U N Q , Sudarsono S , Sukma D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Phalaenopsis amabilis is one of the popular orchid species having white flowers. However, P. amabilis is susceptible to soft-rot disease caused by Dickeya dadantii infection (a necrotrophic pathogen). This research aimed to induce P. amabilis resistance to D. dadantii using salicylic acid (SA). The SA treatment at 0 or 30 ppm was applied in the tissue culture medium of P. amabilis plantlets, and at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, or 90 ppm was used to four months old seedlings in the greenhouse. Leaves of either in vitro plantlets or seedlings were inoculated with D. dadanti by using the detached leaves inoculation method. Bacterial inoculation was carried out at 1, 2, or 3 days after SA treatment on in vitro plantlets and one day after on seedlings in the greenhouse. The results showed that SA treatment did not induce the resistance of in vitro plantlets., on the other hand, SA 45 ppm treatment slightly increased P. amabilis resistance to D. dadantii infection. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding and explore the SA role in P. amabilis resistance mechanism to necrotrophic pathogens.
The effectiveness of bioherbicide made from nutsedge tuber powder (Cyperus rotundus l.) in various dosage and application time
Authors: Sulistiani A I , Chozin M A , Guntoro D , Suwarto  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is a very adaptive weed, therefore it is very difficult to be controlled. Besides, the Cyperus rotundus has allelopathic compounds that can interfere with the growth of the main plant. The allelopathic compound has the potential to be used as a pre-emergence bioherbicide for controlling broadleaf weeds and grass. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of bioherbicides made from nutsedge tuber powder sources at various dosage and application times. This research was conducted from August to October 2019, used CRD with three replications. The first factor was the dosage (D); 45.00 and 67.50 kg powder ha−1. The second factor was the application of time (T); 2 DBP, 0, 2, 4 DAP so that there were 8 treatment units. The result showed that the application of bioherbicides made from nutsedge tuber powder with pellet formulations on 0 to 4 DAP was effective in inhibiting the germination and growth of all test weeds, the best application time varies between test weeds. In general, a dosage of 67.50 kg tuber powder ha−1 was more effective in inhibiting germination and growth of weed sprouts as compared to a dosage of 45.00 kg tuber powder ha−1.
Survey of Banana bunchy top virus on non-cultivated bananas in West Java
Authors: Latifah  , Hidayat S H , Mutaqin K H , Widodo  , Sutanto A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Banana is a horticulture crop originated from Southeast Asia. Therefore, the genetic diversity of bananas is presumably high in Indonesia. Banana bunchy top disease caused by Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) has been reported occurred in several regions in Indonesia, especially in the banana cultivation. A survey was conducted in April 2019 in West Java to make documentation on the types of bananas that grow unattended and to monitor BBTV infection. Banana cultivars with various types of genomes was found during the survey, i.e. “Mas”, “Uli”, and “Rejang” (type AA); “Ambon”, “Muli”, and “Urang” (type AAA); “Kapas” and “Raja” (type AAB). Besides, wild bananas were also found, i.e.“Caukole” in Cianjur and “Tongka Langit” in Tasikmalaya with genome types AAw and T, respectively. Leaf samples from infected plants were collected and taken to the laboratory for detection of BBTV using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Specific DNA band of BBTV around 240 bp was successfully amplified from all leaf samples using mRepF/mRepR specific primer pairs. The results of this survey indicated that BBTV has spread in the field and has the potential to be a source of disease inoculum if no immediate control efforts are made.
Multiple infections of Begomovirus on its host plants
Authors: Annisaa N W , Hidayat P , Giyanto  , Hidayat S H , Lee S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Begomovirus infection has been reported to cause many important diseases on vegetable crops in Indonesia. This research was conducted to reconfirm the identity of Begomovirus infecting several host plants. Plant samples were taken from several DI Yogyakarta locations, i.e., Sleman, Kulon Progo, and Bantul. Amplification of virus target was carried out by PCR method using three primer pairs, i.e., SPG1/2, PepYLCIVA-F/A-R, and PepYLCIV B-F/B-R. Begomovirus DNA fragments were successfully amplified from all samples using SPG1/2 primers, which confirmed the presence of Begomovirus infection in chili, eggplant, cucumber, and weed plants. The nucleotide sequences analysis identified five species of Begomovirus, i.e., PYLCIV, ToLCNDV, LUYVVV, TYLCIV, and TYLCKaV; each has homology with sequences in GenBank 86.76% -98.12%, 96.11%, 94.36%, 95.48%, 90%-99.29%, respectively. Sequence analysis of DNA fragments amplified using PepYLCIV B-F/B-R specific primers confirms that the genome type of PYLCIV is bipartite. Furthermore, the data showed a double infection of PYLCIV with other Begomovirus species, i.e., with TYLCKaV in chili and eggplant, with TYLCIV and LUYVVV in weeds, and with ToLCNDV in cucumbers. A double infection or a mixture of several viruses can cause recombination, potentially leading to new virus strains.
The effect of flower morphology on the longevity of Diadegma semiclausum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
Authors: Asmoro P P , Dadang  , Pudjianto  , Winasa I W 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Refugia plants can support the biological control of plant pests by increasing the presence and fitness of parasitoids. One of the factors that determine the suitability of refugia plants with parasitoids is the flower morphology. This study used Diadegma semiclausum, a parasitoid of cabbage pest, Plutella xylostella. This study aimed to determine the effect of refugia plants’ flower morphology on the longevity of D. semiclausum adults. Refugia plants used were Rorippa indica, Brassica rapa, Ageratum conyzoides, and Sphagneticola trilobata. Research methods consist of insect rearing and plant preparation, testing refugia flowers’ influence on parasitoid longevity, and measuring flower morphology (corolla length and aperture, and nectar location). The results showed all refugia flower treatments could increase the parasitoid longevity compared to control (1.71-3.69 times). The best effect was demonstrate by the R. indica treatment, followed by B. rapa, A. conyzoides, and S. trilobata. Correlation and regression analysis showed that the increasing corolla aperture and length positively affected parasitoid longevity. Flowers with exposed nectar positions (R. indica and B. rapa) makes the parasitoid easy to access, even though the corolla flowers were longer than A. conyzoides and S. trilobata.
Host preference of Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel and P. caladii van der Goot (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on various host plants
Authors: Rahmah S , Maryana N , Hidayat P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Pentalonia nigronervosa and P. caladii are insect vectors of Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) that cause banana bunchy top disease. The disease is considered an economically essential problem because it may cause significant yield loss. This study aimed to provide information on the host preferences of Pentalonia on various host plants. The research was conducted from September 2019 to January 2020 at the Insect Biosystematics Laboratory and Cikabayan Greenhouse, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University. The host preference test was carried out in a 200 cm x 200 cm x 150 cm wire screen cage. Dieffenbachia sp. was placed in the center of the cage, and the other plants were placed around it with a distance between plants of 50 cm. As many as sixty adults of Pentalonia were infested on Dieffenbachia sp. They were given time to move freely to the other host plants. The test was carried out for one month with observation intervals of three days. The t-test shows that Pentalonia is not significantly different on either Costus sp. and Dieffenbachia sp. with the value of P>0.164 and P>0.321, respectively. The preferred host by P. nigronervosa based on the highest population is the family Musaceae, whereas P. caladii highly preferred the family Araceae (Taro).
Land Suitability Evaluation for Pepper (piper nigrum L.) in West Lampung Regency
Authors: Addharu E , Barus B , Kinseng R A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Decreasing productivity of pepper has become one of the problems of pepper commodities development in West Lampung Regency, as the second-largest pepper developer area. This condition made the fall in the price of pepper which greatly affects the income of the farmers. In order to increase production and develop pepper in West Lampung Regency, it is necessary to know the location and land suitability of the pepper first to facilitate giving directions and recommendations. Thus, this research is studying the spatial distribution of pepper and its characteristics, as well as the land suitability in West Lampung Regency. The results showed the spatial distribution of pepper commodity based on supervised classification is mostly located in the east of West Lampung Regency. Regarding the suitability, West Lampung Regency is categorized into land suitability class moderately suitable (S2fns) and marginally suitable (S3fns, S3ns, S3d, S3f, S3s, S3fs) with the biggest limiting factors are slope and nutrient retention. Land suitability with limiting factor conditions such as available nutrients, nutrient retention, and drainage can still be improved by providing lime, organic matter, fertilizers, and construction of irrigation systems.
Characterization of steel slag and its effect on rice production in Latosol and acid sulfate soil
Authors: Wardani I K , Suwardi  , Sumawinata B 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Most soils in Indonesia need soil ameliorant material. There are various ameliorant materials that can improve soil properties. The researchers propose steel slag as an alternative ameliorant material. Steel slag is a waste from steel manufacturing, and the amount is very abundant. Unfortunately, steel slag falls into the category of hazardous and toxic waste (by regulation). It is still questionable and needs verification that this material is potential for agriculture. In this study, an analysis of the characteristics (total chemical and micronutrient content) of steel slag was carried out. Besides, the steel slag was applied to Latosol and Acid Sulfate Soil (ASS) planted with rice plant to see its effects on it. The results show that steel slag is rich in Ca, Mg, P, Si, micronutrients, and low in heavy metals. The steel slag application for rice plants on Latosol and ASS show a positive effect. Rice production on soil with steel slag addition is higher than control. The optimum doses of steel slag are 6 tons/ha for Latosol and 9 tons/ha for ASS. It indicates that steel slag is a potential ameliorant material and needs reconsideration to exclude it from its category as hazardous and toxic waste.
Digitization of Sustainable Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations Towards Modern Oil Palm Cooperatives
Authors: Hariyadi  , Purwanto M Y J , Falatehan A F , Sukoco H , Sembiring W K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on palm oil producers in Indonesia, private plantations are the largest national producers (54%), followed by smallholders (39%) and state-owned plantations (7%). In managing smallholder oil palm still have limited access to technology, production facilities, institutions, and marketing. With the system of digitizing sustainable smallholder, it is designed to transform the business processes carried out by oil palm farmers who join cooperatives into digital work patterns while still providing a permanent role and appreciation for their work from farmers and for farmers. The research was carried out in the KUD Tunas Muda, Teluk Merbau Village, Dayun District, Siak Regency, Riau Province, and was planned for three years. In the first year, the research objectives were to socialize the digital system; identification of smallholder oil palm plantation production factors; and record assistance in the implementation of input-output. The socialization activities showed that most farmers (80%) were very enthusiastic about this program. Farmers understand the factors that affect FFB production. Assistance in recording the implementation of inputs and outputs for smallholders is carried out to representatives of farmer groups using laptops or computers.
Physiological status naturally infected gastrointestinal goats in response to polyherbal supplementation and Melastoma malabathricum extract
Authors: Suteky T , Dwatmadji  , Sutrisno E 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effect of polyherbal supplementation andMelastoma malabathricumextract on the physiological status of naturally infected gastrointestinal parasite on Peranakan Etawa goats. Twenty goats were divided into five treatments, in which four treatments were infected animals and one treatment was used as an uninfected control animal. The five treatments were: T1= Non-polyherbal pellets + Ivermectin, T2=Andrographis paniculata+Curcuma mangga+Nigella sativa, T3=Andrographis paniculata+Curcuma domestica+Nigella sativa, T4=Curcuma mangga+Curcuma domestica+Nigella sativa, and T5= Uninfected control + Non-polyherbal pellets.Melastoma malabathricumextract was also given to T2, T3, and T4 to substitute Ivermectin. Parameters measured were rectal temperature, respiration rate, pulse rate, HTC, and THI. Results showed that there was no significant difference among the treatments on respiration rate, but highly significant (p<0.01) on rectal temperature and pulse rate. The pulse rate was significantly higher (p<0.05) in uninfected animals having THI value of 77-86 representing the hot condition for goats. Those goats could adopt its environment during the study as indicated by the HTC value of 2.15-2.28. Results also showed that HTC value was strongly correlated with the respiration rate (coefficient correlation 0.9987).