bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin adnexal carcinoma with BRD3‐NUTM2B fusion
Authors: Rubio Gonzalez Belen , Ortiz Michael V. , Ross Dara S. , Busam Klaus J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNUT carcinomas are genetically defined epithelial neoplasms. Most tumors harbor fusions of NUTM1 with BRD4 or BRD3. Their histopathologic features have been predominantly reported as undifferentiated or poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and clinically they tend to be aggressive cancers. However, recent studies have revealed a broader spectrum of NUTM1‐rearranged neoplasms with several new fusion partners and associated variable histopathologic phenotypes and clinical behaviors, including benign and malignant cutaneous poroid tumors. We report herein a primary invasive carcinoma of skin adnexal origin with a previously undescribed fusion between BRD3 and NUTM2B. The tumor occurred on the shoulder of a 7‐year‐old girl and was excised with negative margins. A sentinel lymph node was positive. After follow‐up of 23 months, and without systemic treatment, the child remains free of tumor. This case expands the spectrum of NUT carcinomas by including a skin adnexal variant with follicular infundibular differentiation, a novel genomic aberration, and preliminary evidence of a less aggressive clinical course.
Structural and functional cardiac changes in endomyocardial fibrosis treated with endomyocardial resection: Disease progression captured by multimodality imaging
Authors: Gibson Gregory T. , Majure David T. , Hartman Alan , Vitkovski Taisia , Breuer Frank , Maybaum Simon , Kuvin Jeffrey T. , Saba Shahryar G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEosinophilic myocarditis, a rare and under‐recognized disease process, occurs due to cytotoxic inflammation of the endomyocardium that over time may lead to a restrictive cardiomyopathy. We report clinical, multimodality imaging, and pathologic findings in a 45‐year‐old woman over a 17‐month period as she progressed from suspected acute eosinophilic myocarditis to phenotypic endomyocardial fibrosis resulting in recurrent ascites. Interval echocardiograms demonstrate definitive pathologic structural changes that reflect the hemodynamic consequences of the underlying cardiomyopathy. Despite a negative myocardial biopsy, characteristic findings on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging clarified the diagnosis which led to successful treatment with endomyocardial resection and valve replacements.
The relationship between presystolic wave and subclinical left ventricular dysfunction assessed by myocardial performance ındex in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Saylik Faysal , Akbulut Tayyar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients have left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) in an earlier stage. Myocardial performance index (MPI) reflects both systolic and diastolic dysfunction. A presystolic wave (PSW) detected on late diastole has been found to be associated with LVD.AimsWe sought to determine whether there is an association between PSW and subclinical LVD assessed by MPI in PCOS patients.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 106 patients diagnosed with PCOS in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of PSW. Both groups were compared with respect to demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic properties. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed to detect predictors of subclinical LVD.ResultsThe study included 58 patients with PSW‐positive (54.7%, mean age: 23) and 48 patients with PSW‐negative (45.3%, mean age: 25). PSW‐positive patients had a higher waist‐to‐hip ratio, fasting insulin, and HOMA‐IR compared to PSW‐negative patients. Higher MPI velocities and more frequent subclinical LVD were observed in PSW‐positive group than in PSW‐negatives (p < 0.001, p = 0.0031, respectively). PSW velocity was significantly correlated with MPI velocity (r:.404, p = 0.0016). The presence of PSW, HOMA‐IR, and waist‐to‐hip ratio > 85 were predictors of subclinical LVD in univariate logistic regression analysis. Only the presence of PSW was an independent predictor of subclinical LVD in multivariable logistic regression analysis (OR:3.257, p = 0.028).ConclusionPSW prevalence was 54.7% in PCOS patients. PSW velocity was significantly correlated with MPI velocity. The presence of PSW was independently associated with subclinical LVD in PCOS women.
Host repertoires and changing insect–plant interactions
Authors: Braga Mariana P. , Janz Niklas 
Published: July 2021

1. One of the main challenges faced by ecologists today is to understand and predict how species interactions will respond to the current environmental change. It is likely that these changes will have a stronger effect on phylogenetic lineages that depend on intimate and specialised ecological interactions, such as most herbivorous insects.2. In this review, we highlight the aspects that we consider are fundamental for understanding how species interactions change over time. We start by reviewing terminology and conclude that commonly used terms have undesired connotations with regard to what we know about how hosts are acquired and lost over time.3. Based on that, we suggest host repertoire as a better term to describe the use of multiple hosts than the host range or diet breadth, both of which fail to capture that host use is often non‐contiguous and tend to emphasise the total number of hosts, while ignoring host identity.4. Another important issue that we highlight is the differentiation between fundamental and realised host repertoires, where the latter is the set of hosts that are actually used in nature, whereas the first includes all hosts that can potentially be used by the species. We show that the characterisation of the fundamental host repertoire is key to understanding how insect–plant interactions will respond to the ecological opportunities instigated by environmental change.
Time‐course of clinical symptoms in young people at ultra‐high risk for transition to psychosis
Authors: Meneghelli Anna , Cocchi Angelo , Meliante Maria , Barbera Simona , Malvini Lara , Monzani Emiliano , Preti Antonio , Percudani Mauro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundUltra‐high risk (UHR) people are a heterogeneous group with variable outcomes. This study aimed at (a) estimating trajectories of response to treatment to identify homogeneous subgroups; (b) establishing the impact on these trajectories of known predictors of outcome in UHR subjects.MethodsMixed models of growth curves and latent class growth analysis (LCGA) were applied to the 24‐item brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) to measure the response to treatment over 2 years in 125 UHR participants. Group differences were tested on sociodemographic variables and clinical indicators that are known to affect the outcome in UHR people.ResultsBPRS scores decreased across all tested models, with a greater decrease for affective and positive symptoms than for all other dimensions of BPRS. Past admissions to the hospital for psychiatric reasons other than psychosis and the presence of a decline in premorbid functioning before the episode were associated with a slower decrease of BPRS score. LCGA identified three classes, one (82% of participants) with a progressive decrease in the BPRS scores, a second class with a moderate improvement (10%), and a third with no improvement (8%). Those in the ‘no improvement’ class had a higher chance of receiving a diagnosis of psychosis within the spectrum of schizophrenia.ConclusionMost UHR individuals that are treated within a specialized service undergo substantial improvement in their psychopathology, but some seem resistant to the protocol of treatment and need close reevaluation within the first 12 months of treatment.
On correlated information for learning predictive models under the Choquet integral
Authors: Fallah Tehrani Ali 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPredictive models based on the Choquet integral have been applied successfully in machine learning and multi criteria decision making context. The ability of the Choquet integral to recognize and capture non‐linear dependencies and its comprehensibility make it a very appealing tool. Yet, its complexity is often an obstacle to estimate model parameters in the presence of a large number of attributes. The other concern is the so‐called numerical instability, that is, learning the Choquet integral for a high degree of complexity exhibits a numerical instability. This study addresses complexity reduction and presents a novel algorithm in order to enhance the quality of optimization results and computational efficiency of learning predictive models underlying the Choquet integral.
Teaching and Learning Guide for: Kali age crisis as Jaina–Brahmana conflict
Authors: Rao Nagendra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the 1960s, an attempt was made to discuss the presence of feudalism in the context of early medieval India covering the period between 3rd century and 10th century CE. The Puranic literature provides information regarding the Kali age crisis. R.S. Sharma and B.N.S. Yadava considered it as representing feudalism. However, B.D. Chattopadhyaya and B.P. Sahu have questioned this argument. Kali age crisis represents the Jaina‐Brahmana conflict in the age of state formation. This conflict is represented in the form of the fear expressed by the Brahmanas concerning the domination of the heretics including the Jainas. Such a study provides a new orientation to the Indian feudalism debate.
Digestion of pectic polysaccharide from Brassica rapa L. in vitro and its effect on the intestinal microbiota in cyclophosphamide‐treated mice
Authors: Wang Wei , Fan Lijun , Li Xuewen , Wang Zirong , Zhou Jianzhong , Jialengbieke Buligen , Ren Jianye , Hu Xiaodong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, the digestion of pectic polysaccharide from Brassica rapa L. (BRP) in vitro and its effect on the intestinal microbiota in cyclophosphamide (Cy)‐treated mice were investigated. As a result, the molecular weight (Mw) of BRP was significantly decreased after simulated gastrointestinal digestion, and content of reducing sugars (CR) was significantly increased (P < 0.05), implying that BRP was gradually degraded under gastrointestinal digestion conditions in vitro. In vivo, both 50 or 200 mg kg−1·BW/d of BRP significantly improved SCFAs concentrations that decreased by Cy treatment (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, BRP enriched the alpha‐diversity of intestinal microbiota and altered the microbial composition with an increase of Lactobacillus and a decrease of Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Oscillospira (P < 0.05). Besides, BRP intervention was conducive to the recovery of mouse body weight, thymus and spleen indices, and contributed to improve the intestinal barrier.
Recalling the moral dimension: Transnational labour interests and corporate social responsibilities
Authors: Casey Catherine , Delaney Helen , Fiedler Antje 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe near‐exclusive privileging of the rational‐strategic action framework in employment relations shapes debate on the intersection of employment relations with claims for corporate social responsibilities (CSRs). Employment relations scholarship and trade unions are readily disposed to regard company claims regarding CSR as strategic market response. Prospects for widening the scope of debate come into view through further engagement with a moral turn in socio‐economic scholarship and greater public salience of demand for sustainable development. This article investigates the moral dimension and its invocation by labour and management actors. It contends that moral ideations and motivations are under‐recognized yet play an inherent part in employment relations. It draws particular attention to the moral dimension of transnational actors' interests and efforts in the negotiation, enactment and sustaining of Global Framework Agreements.
Distinguishing repeated polymerase chain reaction positivity from re‐infections in COVID‐19
Authors: Sadr Sara , Bafrani Melika Arab , Abdollahi Alireza , SeyedAlinaghi Seyed Ahmad , Mohammadnejad Esmaeil , Hossienzade Roghieh , ShahmariGolestan Fereshteh , Ahmadinejad Zahra , Salehi Mohamadreza , Javaherian Mohammad , Kimyaee Elahe , Jafari Fatemeh , Ghiasvand Fereshteh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPossibility of reinfection with SARS‐CoV‐2 changes our view on herd immunity and vaccination and can impact worldwide quarantine policies. We performed real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) follow‐up studies on recovered patients to assess possible development of reinfections and re‐positivity.MethodsDuring a 6‐month period, 202 PCR‐confirmed recovering COVID‐19 patients entered this study. Follow‐up RT‐PCR tests and symptom assessment were performed 1 month after the initial positive results. Patients who tested negative were tested again 1 and 3 months later. The serum IgG and IgM levels were measured in the last follow‐up session.ResultsIn the first two follow‐up sessions, 82 patients continued their participation, of which four patients tested positive. In the second follow‐up 44 patients participated, three of whom tested positive. None of the patients who tested positive in the first and second follow‐up session were symptomatic. In the last session, 32 patients were tested and four patients were positive, three of them were mildly symptomatic and all of them were positive for IgG.ConclusionsA positive RT‐PCR in a recovering patient may represent reinfection. While we did not have the resources to prove reinfection by genetic sequencing of the infective viruses, we believe presence of mild symptoms in the three patients who tested positive over 100 days after becoming asymptomatic, can be diagnosed as reinfection. The immune response developed during the first episode of infection (e.g., IgG or T‐cell mediated responses that were not measured in our study) may have abated the symptoms of the reinfection, without providing complete protection.
LncRNA‐HOTAIR promotes endothelial cell pyroptosis by regulating the miR‐22/NLRP3 axis in hyperuricaemia
Authors: Chi Kun , Geng Xiaodong , Liu Chao , Zhang Yang , Cui Jie , Cai GuangYan , Chen Xiangmei , Wang Fangfang , Hong Quan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLong non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the renal inflammatory response caused by hyperuricaemia. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms through which lncRNA is involved in endothelial injury induced by hyperuricaemia remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of lncRNA‐HOTAIR in high concentration of uric acid (HUA)–induced renal injury. We established hyperuricaemia mouse model and an in vitro uric acid (UA)–induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) injury model. In HUA‐treated HUVECs and hyperuricaemia mice, we observed increased HOTAIR and decreased miR‐22 expression. The expression of pyroptosis‐associated protein (NLRP3, Caspase‐1, GSDMD‐N, GSDMD‐FL) was increased. The release of LDH, IL‐1β and IL‐18 in cell supernatants and the sera of model mice was also increased. The proliferation of HUVECs stimulated by HUA was significantly inhibited, and the number of TUNEL‐positive cells in hyperuricaemia mouse kidney was increased. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter and RIP assays confirmed that HOTAIR promoted NLRP3 inflammasome activation by competitively binding miR‐22. In gain‐ or loss‐of‐function experiments, we found that HOTAIR and NLRP3 overexpression or miR‐22 knock down activated the NLRP3 inflammasome and promoted pyroptosis in HUA‐treated HUVECs, while NLRP3 and HOTAIR knockdown or a miR‐22 mimic exerted the opposite effects. Furthermore, in vivo experiments validated that HOTAIR knockdown alleviated renal inflammation in hyperuricaemia mice. In conclusion, we demonstrated that in hyperuricaemia, lncRNA‐HOTAIR promotes endothelial cell pyroptosis by competitively binding miR‐22 to regulate NLRP3 expression.
Two sides of the same coin: Quality improvement and program evaluation in health professions education
Authors: Brown Allison , Grierson Lawrence 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHealth professions education is in constant pursuit of new ways of teaching and assessment in order to improve the training of healthcare professionals. Educators are often challenged with designing, implementing, and evaluating programs in the context of their professional practice, particularly those in response to dynamic and emerging social needs. This article explores the synergies and intersections of two approaches—quality improvement and program evaluation—and the potential utility of their combinations within our field to design, evaluate, and most importantly, improve educational programming. We argue that the inclusion of established quality improvement frameworks within program evaluation provides a proven mechanism for driving change, can optimize programming within the multi‐contextual education systems, and, ultimately, that these two approaches are complementary to one another. These combinations hold great promise for optimizing programming in alignment with social missions, where it has been difficult for institutions worldwide to generate and capture evidence of social accountability.
Somatic experience of emotion in emotionally focused couple therapy: Experienced trainer therapists' views and experiences
Authors: Kailanko Sari , Wiebe Stephanie A. , Tasca Giorgio A. , Laitila Aarno A. , Allan Robert 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn general, arousal of emotions is often felt and expressed as a somatic experience in the body. In Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy (EFT), the deepening of emotional experiencing enables therapeutic change. This research explores the experiences of eight experienced EFT trainer therapists regarding their somatic experiences in their work with couples. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis of transcribed in‐depth interviews, this research data yielded three core themes that captured therapists' experiences of using their own and couples' somatic experiences in therapy: (1) the importance and relevance of somatic experiences, (2) therapists' use of their own somatic experiences, and (3) working with clients' somatic experiences. The findings suggest that therapists do focus on their own and couples' somatic experiences in their work with couples, and that EFT therapists could benefit from a map to guide therapists how to focus on felt, somatic experiences as a way of maintaining an emphasis on emotional experience.
Additively Manufactured Dental Crown with Color Gradient and Graded Structure: A Technique Report
Authors: Zandinejad Amirali , Revilla‐León Marta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo assess the feasibility of manufacturing a dental crown with internal color gradient and graded structure design using additive manufacturing technology, a mandibular first molar was prepared and a monolayer dental crown with 1.5 mm uniform thickness was designed in a dental software (STLC1). The monolayer crown design was sliced into multiple layers of 0.1 mm thickness and a design for a multilayer crown was obtained (STLC2). A multilayer crown was manufactured with gradient color and graded structure using a material jetting printer. Different materials with different colors and properties were used and mixed in different ratios during manufacturing to achieve the prospected design. The feasibility of manufacturing such a crown was reported. This report confirms that multilayer dental crowns with internal gradient color and graded structure are possible when using a multimaterial jetting printer.
Water allocation, crop choice, and priority services
Authors: Salanié François , Zaporozhets Vera 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe analyze the problem of allocating irrigation water among heterogeneous farmers when water supply is stochastic. If farmers are risk‐neutral, a spot market for water is efficient; while the oft‐used uniform rationing system is inefficient, both ex ante and ex post. Indeed, we show that it leads farmers to overexpose to risk, thus making shortages more severe and more frequent in case of drought. We propose instead a regulation by priority classes extending Wilson, and we derive an efficiency result. We characterize the set of farmers that would win or lose from such a reform. We also argue that a system of priority classes may be preferred to a spot market system, because scarcity is easier to manage ex ante than ex post, and because this system facilitates the supply of insurance to risk‐averse agents.
Impacts of caffeine on resistant chicken's performance and cardiovascular gene expression
Authors: Kamely Mohammad , Karimi Torshizi Mohammad Amir , West James , Niewold Theo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe previously reported a study on 288 broiler (Gallus gallus) chicks who received caffeine in water between days 3 and 42, at levels of 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day. In the previous report, we found that caffeine caused pulmonary hypertension (PH)‐associated mortality in a significant minority (20%–30%) of birds, including right ventricular hypertrophy and ascites. We have also shown a significant upregulation of the serotonin transporter (SERT), troponin T2, adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA1) and phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5) in chicken suffering from PH. Here, we examine the resistant (survived) chicks from the first study that had not died due to acute heart failure and did not have clinical signs of pulmonary hypertension. Our goal was to determine whether birds who lacked overt signs of disease had subclinical manifestations, including similar changes in gene expression, growth rates and altered systemic haemodynamics. We found that growth was significantly increased by caffeine consumption (p < 0.01) at low doses; however, dosage over 50 mg/BW/d had remarkable adverse effects on growth (p < 0.01). Blood pressure, troponin T2 and PDE5 gene expression were not significantly altered by caffeine administration (p > 0.05). However, SERT gene expression linearly increased with increasing caffeine dosage (p < 0.01). The impact of caffeine on ADORA1 gene expression was dose dependent and nonlinear. In conclusion, despite the significant effects of caffeine on birds’ growth, no significant negative effects of caffeine were observed on the cardiovascular function of resistant chickens. This work provides valuable information for further study on different dosage of caffeine in an animal model.
Contribution of flippers and dorsal fins to the lateral/directional inherent stability during straight‐line swimming in small cetaceans
Authors: Okamura T. , Akune Y. , Mori T. , Morisaka T. , Otomo W. , Wakabayashi I. , Watanabe S. , Yoda K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFins are among the most important morphological appendages of aquatic animals. Although sall cetaceans have flippers and dorsal fins with a variety of morphologies and postures, the diversity and function of the fins have not attracted much attention thus far. In this study, we recorded the behaviour of five captive species of small cetaceans, including two species lacking dorsal fins, and examined the contribution of the dihedral angles of their flippers and dorsal fins in the lateral/directional inherent stability during straight‐line swimming. All the species were found to maintain their flippers at a specific negative dihedral angle during straight‐line swimming, and a significant difference was observed between species with and without dorsal fins: species without dorsal fins were found to swim by maintaining the dihedral angle of their flippers closer to 0° compared to species with dorsal fins. The rolling moment generated by the dihedral angle of the fins in all the species was a relatively small roll‐promoting moment that ensures manoeuvrability. In summary, small cetaceans are likely to have one of two characteristics, either left and right flippers with a near‐zero‐degree dihedral angle or a dorsal fin, to reduce the roll‐promoting moment. Our results highlight important aspects of swimming stability in dolphins, providing essential insights into the movement mechanisms of aquatic fish and mammals.