bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usability evaluation of assignment and monitoring information learning system of internship students based on SMS Gateway with Raspberry Pi
Authors: Setiyawan A , Priyanto  , Prasetya T A , Hastawan A F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
There are obstacles in the delivery of information during pre-engineering activities at the Vocational High School. There needs to be a system that makes it easy to deliver information from schools to students who carry out internship. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the evaluation of the usefulness of the task information learning system and the monitoring of student labor based on the SMS gateway with raspberry pi. The instrument used in usability testing is the Computer Usability Satisfaction Questionnaires: Psychometric Evaluation and Instructions for Use questionnaire developed by IBM for software usability measurement standards. The instrument for testing usability aspects with the Computer System Usability Questionnaires (CSUQ) questionnaire developed by IBM uses a Likert scale as a measurement scale. The data for the trial were 20 respondents consisting of adaptive normative subject teachers, internal engineering committee and smartschool developers. Based on the results of testing the quality of software developed on the usability aspect has a percentage of 85% or has a high quality scale and based on alpha cronbach calculations has a calculation result of 0.851 or has a “good” category. The SMS Gateway system with Raspberry Pi for Internship Assignment and Monitoring meets the usability aspect and is suitable for use.
Production of Brachiaria mutica as natural dyes powder for textile application: characterisation study
Authors: Kusumastuti A , Fardhyanti D S , Anis S , Kamis A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Innovation of synthetic dyes successfully eliminated the utilisation of natural materials as textile dyes. Simplicity as well as variety of colours strongly increased the application of synthetic dyes. Nevertheless, environmental concern has lately forced the use of natural dyes. To simplify the usage of natural dyes, production of natural dyes powder is inevitable. Investigation was carried out to examine the effects of solvent and filler types on the yield, chromaticity, flavonoid content, and water content of natural dyes powder. In this work, Brachiaria mutica was used as a sample source. It was crushed and grinded before extracted using mixture of methanol and water as solvents at various methanol concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Extraction was carried out at a ratio of raw materials to solvent of 1:10. The filler of maltodextrine or gum arabic was added into dye extract before then converted into powder form by the aid of spray dryer. It was found that among the provided solvents, system using 50% methanol was considered to be optimal in resulting high yield as well as flavonoid content, while maltodextrine is chosen as providing better result than that of gum Arabic. Moreover, methanol concentration of 50% and 5% maltodextrine filler generated greyish yellow colour with the lowest water content of 0.9%.
Kinetic study of adsorption carboxylic acids of used cooking oil using mesoporous active carbon
Authors: Rengga W D P , Seubsai A , Roddecha S , Azizah S Y N , Rosada D F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the reduction of free fatty acids from the problem of used cooking oil in the food industry with bio-waste adsorbents such as banana peels—experimental conditions at the activation temperature of making activated carbon. Adsorption kinetics and temperature of activated effects were studied. Bio-char activated at 600, 650, and 700°C. The used cooking oil and activated carbon were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray energy-dispersive, and BET analysis. Activated carbon has a surface area of 548 m2/g, with an average pore diameter of 35 nm (range of mesophore). As a result, bio-char activated at 700°C is best presented by a linear pseudo-second-order kinetic model suitable for describing the adsorption kinetic. The maximum adsorption capacity was 62 mg/g at 303 K. Carboxylic groups as free fatty acid was removed from used cooking oil used surface of activated carbon. Models best described the experimental data as with the higher values of the correlation coefficient (R2). The results of this study prove that the banana peel bio-waste ingredient, which is food waste, is a potential adsorbent to reduce free fatty acid levels to the standard of 0.3
Study of the water hyacinth extract concentration to the characteristics of gel hand sanitizer
Authors: Prasetiawan H , Ayuningtyas F S , Pebrianti H , Megawati  , Astuti W , Kusumaningtyas M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Hand hygiene is one of the most important things in the spread of bacteria and virus. The spread of this organism can be stopped by cleaning hands either by washing or sanitizing. Water hyacinth extract contain high flavonoid and tannin which can be used as an active agent in hand sanitizer. Three different extract concentration were examined which are 8, 10 and 12%. Organoleptic test were conducted to examine the shape, colour and scent of the hand sanitizer. Biological test were performed to find the effectiveness of the hand sanitizer against the bacteria. The results showed that hand sanitizer product with 8% water hyacinth extract have better potential in killing the bacteria compared to the other concentration.
The use of yellow velvetleaf (Limnocharis flava) as a natural color for colet technique using cold wax
Authors: Musdalifah M , Marfiana E , Nurmasitah S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Yellow velvetleaf is a fast-growing plant. It cannot be optimally used, particularly the old leaves. Old yellow velvetleaf waste has not been used appropriately, even though it has more benefits and value. The leaves of yellow velvetleaf contain natural color of carotenoids and flavonoids which can be used for natural dyes. The potential color produced can possibly be applied for textile coloring colet technique using cold wax. The research method was carried out through experiments and data analysis using descriptive analysis. The results show that yellow velvetleaf can be used for colet coloring technique using cold wax, and the resulted colors differs depending on the mordant used. Color aging test shows that during the process of nglorod (wax exfoliating) using water, the darkest color was found in tunjung mordant with a color different of 81-100, belongs to “very dark” category. The test of fastness to rubbing shows score of 4 (good) for all samples. The highest result for motif sharpness test is found in the process of nglorod with water and tunjung mordant with color different of 81-100, which is categorized as “very sharp”.
Production of hydrocarbon based solvent with low aromatic content using ASPEN Plus
Authors: Fardhyanti D S , Prasetiawan H , Hisyam A , Kusumaningtyas R D , Mulya S T S , Findriyani M A R , Sasongko N A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The solvent is a liquid that can dissolve or extract specific materials. Solvents are needed for most chemical transformations to increase contact between reagents and catalysts. It also holds an important role in many studies, industrial chemical processes, coatings, and formulations of consumer products, however, most of the hydrocarbon-based solvents based still contain high aromatic content of benzene, toluene, and xylene which are carcinogenic chemicals. The separation of aromatic hydrocarbons from a mixture of C4-C10 aliphatic hydrocarbons is a complex process, due to its close boiling points and some combinations can form azeotropes. The general distillation process is not the right choice for the separation of aromatic hydrocarbons from a mixture of C4-C10 aliphatic hydrocarbons. Possible processes are liquid-liquid extraction, extractive distillation, and azeotropic distillation. In this study, extractive distillation using ASPEN Plus was performed to simulate the process. The crude feed composition used contains 77.13% aromatic compounds so that the separation technology used uses the extractive distillation process using sulfolane as a solvent. The variables used are the ratio of the crude feed to sulfolane (1:10, 1:15, 1:20), the number of stages (30, 40, 50), feed stage (15,20,25). Based on the simulation results, the best result was obtained by using the ratio of the crude feed to sulfolane of 1:10, with the number of stages 30, and the feed stage on the 25th stage.
Synthesis and characterization of magnetic activated carbon from Ceiba pentandra fiber for zinc ion removal
Authors: Astuti W , Trisyani A , Biladudin M , Sulistyaningsih T , Prastiyanto D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
One of the heavy metals contained in the electroplating industrial wastewater is zinc. Adsorption is found to be one of the most effective methods for zinc ion removal from aqueous solution due to low cost and simple to operate. The main purpose of this study was to use cotton (Ceiba pentandra) fiber as a precursor to developing a magnetic activated carbon (MAC) for zinc ion removal. The activation process was carried out using potassium hydroxide (KOH) by conventional heating using a tubular furnace at a temperature of 500°C for 2 hours under a stream of nitrogen (N2), while the magnetization process was carried out using co-precipitation method. The adsorption of zinc ion onto MAC was recorded to be 96% at a solution pH of 5 and contact time of 180 min. The adsorption of zinc onto AC is fitted well by the Freundlich isotherm model, while the zinc-MAC system is described well by the Langmuir isotherm model. Meanwhile, the pseudo second order kinetic model is suitable for AC and MAC. Owing to low cost and high efficiency, MAC prepared from Ceiba pentandra fiber can be used as an effective adsorbent for zinc ion removal from industrial wastewater.
The use of laban (Vitex pinnata L) leaf as a silk pigment
Authors: Prasetyaningtyas W , Wati S , Buang R 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Synthetic dyes are usually carcinogenic, therefore it is necessary to use alternative dyes to reduce the use of synthetic dyes, namely by using natural dyes. This study aims at determining the potential of Laban leaves as a natural dye in silk fabrics. Extraction was done by boiling the leaves for 1 hour. The dyeing of the mordanted cloth was done 4 times. The dyed fabrics were treated with post mordanting using alum, calcium oxide and tunjung with a concentration of 50gr/l. Fabric testing was carried out by testing the color strength and color fastness to washing with soap. The results of the color strenght test showed that the highest value was obtained by the use of tunjung with a T% value of 88.96 for very dark criteria, then followed by calcium oxide mordant with a value of 30.20 and the lowest value on the use of alum mordant with a value of 20.97 for light criteria. The color fastness test to washing generated an average value of 4 which was in the good category.
The coloring of batik stamp using songgolangit (Tridax procumbens) weeds with different fixation
Authors: Dwicahya K N , Musdalifah M , Nurmasitah S 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNatural dyes are from parts of plant, such as leaves, fruit, flowers, seeds, roots and bark. Weed is one of the plants that can be used as natural dyes. This study aims to determine the potential of Songgolangit weeds as natural dyes on batik stamp. This research is an experimental research. The objects of this study are Songgolangit weeds, batik stamp and the fixation (tunjung, alum, and quicklime). The data was collected by looking at the catalog of textile dyes to find out the direction of the resulting color. The sharpness of the motif was tested by using organoleptic tests. The result of the color direction analysis of alum fixation is Hazelwood. The quicklime fixation result is Bone and the tunjung fixation result is Hazelnut. The sharpest motif is produced from tunjung fixation. In conclusion, Songgolangit weeds can be used as natural dyes of batik stamp. The direction of the color produced differs depending on the fixation substance used.
Risk assessment for occupational health and safety of Soekarno-Hatta international airport accessibility project through HIRARC method
Authors: Fauziyah S , Susanti R , Nurjihad F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Statistic based on BPJS data in 2019 have shown that the number of work accident recorded 77.295 cases and the construction sector is still the highest contributor to work accident cases in comparison to other sectors. Soekarno-Hatta International Airport accessibility project connects the northern perimeter road with the southern perimeter road with a total length of 4 km. This study focuses on the flyover construction, considering that is the highest risk on construction activities. Risk assessment tool on this research using HIRARC method. In general, there are three major steps of HIRARC; hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control. Identifying hazard is a process to determine the risks of hazards that occure in construction work. Assessing risk of construction work calculated using likelihood and severity index. Then, the result of hazard identification and risk assessment, risk control are taken to mitigate the hazard risk. This study instrument used interviews and observations both used risk assessment sheet which filled by safety officers, safety supervisors, site engineers and site supervisors. There were 45 hazards identified for five construction work which are, (i) survey (ii) land clearing, (iii) excavation work, (iv) pilling work, and (v) bored pile work. The conclusion that can be drawn is that there are seven extreme risk at this project, i.e. (i) Workers fall into lake; (ii) Workers get hit by road users; (iii) The operator is exhausted; (iv) Crane wire rope failure; (v) Vibro hummer failure; (vi) Workers pinched by bracket formwork and (vii)Workers injured by pieces concrete pile cutting.
What causes cost overrun in highway strategic project in Indonesia?
Authors: Susanti R , Nurdiana A , Kurnianto Y.F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In 2016, Indonesia is concerning about the acceleration of public infrastructure projects through the existence of government strategy projects that spread across several project sectors, including in highway projects. Totally, there is a 44 highway strategic project in Indonesia and several of them are currently in Central Java. Unfortunately, as a national strategic project, even though all of these projects are prioritized in their construction process, the implementation of the national strategic projects are faced up problems especially related to high pressure from the government that has an impact to project cost even causing cost overrun including in highway strategic project. The research aim is to analyze factors causing cost overrun in highway strategic project from owner and contractor perspectives. This study is limited to a case study in Pemalang-Batang Highway Strategic Project. The analysis of the study is using Risk Breakdown Structure to identify risk factors causing cost overrun. From a total of 14 risks identify, both parties agreed to design change as the most risk factor in causing cost overrun in highway strategic project in Indonesia.
Interior design study of lecturer rooms at E12 building 2nd floor UNNES – learn from COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Purnomo A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The covid-19 pandemic case has changed the structure of life in all aspects throughout the world. The field of man-made environment or architecture is no exception. The interior arrangement of a building, as part of the man-made environment, is also affected. The interior design of a building today seems to be obliged to participate in following the standards of new health-protocols in the new normal era.What about the interior of the building that has already been utilized? Of course it requires further study to find out whether the interior of a building can be said to be healthy or not. This study aims to examine the interior design of the lecturer room E12 building 2nd floor UNNES in terms of health that is emphasized from the behavior of its users by referring to the situation of the covid-19 pandemic and its future prospects. The research method used is by field observations to search visual data, observing user behavior and textual data. Those who are categorized as users of the lecturer room E12 building 2nd floor UNNES are lecturers from the Department of Architecture, students, administrators and guests. The results of this study indicate that based on the pattern of user behavior and associated with the standard requirements of space, area, volume of space, material and infrastructure conditions, interior design of lecturer room E12 building 2nd floor UNNES, is included in healthy category, although there are several minor corrections that can be included as suggestions for improvement in order to adjust to the new normal era during the covid-19 pandemic period and thereafter.
The effect of polypropylene fiber addition to mechanical properties of concrete
Authors: Pangestuti E K , Handayani S , Adila H , Primerio P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Concrete is the one of the building construction materials that has a high compressive strength, but it has lower tensile strength. The addition of fibers to concrete is expected to improve its mechanical properties. In this study, the concrete was added with Polypropylene (PP) fiber with a length of 12 mm. The compressive strength of concrete specimens was 20 MPa with the variety of fiber used was 0.5 kg/m3; 1 kg/m3; and 1.5 kg/m3. The test were conducted on 36 specimens in the form of cylinders and cubes. The tests were compressive strength, split tensile strength and water absorption at the age of 28 days. The highest value of the compressive strength of the fiber concrete was the amount of Polypropylene fiber 1 kg/m3, namely 2.92 MPa, increase of 6.92% of the compressive strength of concrete without additional fiber. The highest value for the split tensile strength in the amount of Polypropylene fiber 1 kg/m3 was 2.34 MPa or an increase of 21% from the tensile strength value of concrete without additional fiber. Meanwhile, the lowest water absorption capacity of concrete is the addition of 1.5 kg/m3 of fiber, which is 2.366% or has decreased by 64% from the concrete without fiber.
Toll road maintenance towards minimum service standard
Authors: Suwarto F , Kurnianto Y F , Setiabudi B , Sholeh M N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Start at present, investment in toll road construction is conventional investment in the form of investment within a certain period of time to obtain profits from the results of capital loans/financing obtained from toll revenues during toll road operation during the concession period by the BUJT. This means that BUJT has full authority over the implementation of road maintenance at the location of its concession. Hence toll road concessions have the obligation to maintain toll roads in accordance with minimum service standards using the company’s toll road revenues. Thus, each BUJT has their own maintenance policy. Therefore, the management of toll roads that are managed on a concession basis can lead to differences in road damage management programs in each BUJT concession. This research assesses the road maintenance program planning on BUJT toll road concession holders to see the effectiveness BUJT in carrying out road maintenance regarding of the fulfillment of SPM. The result shows that the majority of BUJT has regularly carried out efforts to improve road functions, however they have the inadequacy in conduct conditions surveys by using equipment according to the standards. with “Undertake routine efforts throughout the year to maintain road conditions” being the highest mean whereas “Perform visual assessment on foot” has the lowest mean value. Moreover, it can be determine that the road damage frequency data found is with the an “Adverse Opinion” audit findings result that is conducted by BPJT with the most frequent damage and receive an “Adverse Opinion” of an audit result was potholes with mean value of 2.100 and 2,200 that is followed by Guardrail damage with mean value of 2,1667 and 2,200. While the least frequent damage in the toll road was Drainage cross section with mean value of 2.533 and 2,700 and Rutting with mean value of 2.400 and 2,633 subsequently for damage frequency and Adverse Opinion frequency.
Evaluation of the lighting system in drawing studio at the E12 building, Faculty of Engineering UNNES
Authors: Setiawan M F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A room can be said to be a good one if the lighting following the requirements of needs depends on the function of the room. The room studied in this study was a drawing studio room in E12 Building, Faculty of Engineering UNNES. This room has a condition where the spread of light entering from the window is uneven so during the day the lights must always be turned on. The purpose of this study is to measure and evaluate the lighting intensity of the drawing studio space. This research was conducted using descriptive and evaluative methods. The data obtained is sourced from the results of direct light intensity measurements on the object of research conducted in the morning, afternoon, and evening for three days using a lux meter and measurements made referring to SNI 16-7062-2004 about measuring the intensity of lighting at work. The results of the measurement of lighting intensity in the image studio room will be compared with the SNI recommended standards. According to SNI 03-6575-2001, the standard requirement for a lux studio drawing space is 750 lux. The result, both when the lamp is turned on and the lamp turns off the measurement results do not meet the standards. It is recommended to increase the intensity of artificial lighting (lights) in the drawing studio until it meets the SNI 750 lux standard. From the results of calculations with the lumen method, it is recommended to replace each lamp with a lamp that has a light current of 9360 lumens.
The development of a permeable pavement from concrete bricks
Authors: Ulfiana D , Suripin  , Budieny H , Parmantoro PN , Wibowo SA 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Global climate change is causing an increase in the intensity of rainfall in Indonesia. This causes an increased risk of flooding because it is not supported by changes in infrastructure planning and water resource management. Infrastructure construction, especially roads, sidewalks, and parking lots, still uses waterproof construction such as asphalt and concrete. This waterproof construction causes rainwater to not infiltrate to soil layers and consequently rainwater runoff increases. The increasing intensity of rainfall that is not compensated by an increase in infiltration areas causes an increase in the risk of flooding. Therefore, the design of a mixture of concrete bricks that has a high level of permeability needs to be developed to reduce the risk of flooding. This research was conducted by making test samples of four mixture design. The design approach is carried out by varying the proportions between coarse and fine aggregates, and the water-cement ratio. The infiltration testing method was also conducted to accommodate research needs. Based on the analysis, for paving block with an aggregate-cement ratio of 4 by volume, the optimum water-cement ratio was 0.40 with a permeability level of 630 mm/hour and compressive strength of 21.29 MPa.