bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Improves Adipokine Profile In Dyslipidemic Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhang Peiwen , Chen Ke , He Taiping , Guo Honghui , Chen Xu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Adipokines are peptides secreted mainly by adipose tissue, which have been demonstrated to be vital targets of metabolic diseases. However, the effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on adipokines has not been well studied. Methods: We investigate the effect of CoQ10 intervention on adipokines in dyslipidemic patients. In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, a number of 101 dyslipidemic individuals were administrated to 120 mg CoQ10 or placebo for 24 weeks. Anthropometric parameters, glucolipid profile, serum total adiponectin, leptin, and resistin were evaluated at baseline, week 12 and week 24. Results: CoQ10 significantly increased adiponectin at week 12 (380 ng/mL [SE, 101] ng/mL, p < 0.001) and had more increment at week 24 (611 ng/mL [SE, 126] ng/mL , p < 0.001). The increase of adiponectin was negative associated with decrease in HOMA-IR (r = -0.465, p = 0.001), TG (r = -0.297, p = 0.047), and LDL-c (r = -0.440, p = 0.002) at week 24 only in CoQ10 group. Resistin was reduced by CoQ10 only at week 24 (3.45 ng/mL [SE, 0.69] ng/mL, p < 0.001) compared with placebo group. Reduction of resistin was positively correlated with the change in HOMA-IR (r = 0.343, p = 0.021) and TG (r = 0.323, p = 0.030) at week 24 in CoQ10 group but not placebo group. Leptin was not influenced by CoQ10 treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that CoQ10 ameliorates adipokines dysfunction in dyslipidemia patients in 24 weeks intervention, which suggests the beneficial effect of CoQ10 in modulating adipokine profile and metabolic disorders in dyslipidemic adults.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02407548. Registered on April 3, 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02407548.
Influence of Hydrothermal Recharge on the Evolution of Eruption Styles and Hazards During the 2018–2019 Activity at Kuchinoerabujima Volcano, Japan
Authors: Minami Yusuke , Matsumoto Keiko , Geshi Nobuo , Shinohara Hiroshi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The activity of the 2018-2019 eruption of Kuchinoerabujima Volcano in Japan changed from continuous ejection of ash-laden plumes between October 21 and the middle of December, to intermittent explosive activity accompanied by several pyroclastic density currents until January 2019. To understand the behaviors of magma and hydrothermal fluid that controlled the eruptive sequence, we carried out component analysis, X-ray diffractometry, and leachate analysis for ash samples. The proportion of non-altered volcanic ash particles is ~15 % in the earlier phase, then it decreased to less than 10 % in the later explosive phase. Accordingly, the mineral assemblage of the volcanic ash samples changed from plagioclase-dominant to sulfate minerals-dominant. Concentration of SO42- and Cl/SO4 values of the ash-leachates decreased toward the later activity. These results indicate that the proportion of fresh volcanic rocks decreased and sulfuric acid fluid-derived sulfate minerals increased toward the later activities. Consequently, the 2018-2019 eruption at Kuchinoerabujima Volcano changed from magmatic activity to phreatomagmatic activity. Weak glowing of the crater was observed during the magmatic activity, indicating the volcanic conduit was hot enough to dry up the subvolcanic hydrothermal system. The following phreatomagmatic activity indicates that the hydrothermal fluid recharged after the magmatic eruption phase. Recharge of the hydrothermal fluid likely caused the variation of the eruption style, and is a process that may control the evolution of hazards during future eruption scenarios at similar active volcanoes in Japan and worldwide.
Bioinformatic Analysis of MicroRNAs and Signaling Networks that Orchestrates the hMSC Osteogenic Differentiation
Authors: Avramets Diana S. , Macewicz Larysa L. , Piven Oksana O. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background The drive to understand how microRNAs regulate the hMSCs fate and their osteogenic differentiation has inspired stem cells biology and regenerative biology field development. Numerous experimental data shows crucial involvement of miRs in skeletal development in embryos, osteogenic differentiation, and maturation. However, molecular mechanisms of miRs action, in other words their target signaling pathways and transcriptional factors that specific drives osteogenic differentiation is far from being understood. Results With meta-analysis we identified miRs significantly involved in hMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Statistical analysis revealed significant trend of upregulation of let-7a, mir-21, mir-26a, mir-29b, mir-101, mir-143, mir-218 during hMSCs differentiation into osteoblast. And the opposite trend was shown for mir-17, mir-31, mir-138 and mir-222: their content was significantly lower during osteogenic differentiation. Using bioinformatics approaches we identified predictable genes-target for each miRs, analyzed signaling networks and biological process enriched by these genes. Conclusions Our date shows that miRNAs specifically involved in hMSC transition into osteogenic differentiation via microenvironment formation (i.e. let-7a, mir-17, mir-21, mir-29b and mir-101), TGF-β/BMP–SMAD dependent pathway (i.e. let-7a, mir-17, mir-21, mir-26a mir-101) and MAPK signaling pathway (i.e. let-7a, mir-21, mir-26a, mir-29b, mir-143 and mir17). Yap-dependent expression of osteogenic TF modulated by let-7a, mir-31mir-101, mir-138 and mir-222. We predicted that mir-17, mir-26a, mir-29b, mir-101, mir-138 and mir-222 are specifically involved in canonical Wnt signaling dependent osteogenesis as well as in osteoblast maturation together with let-7a, mir-29b and mir-218 which modulate AMPK signaling. Additionally, identified mir-101 is likely involved into osteoblast homeostasis via Hedgehog signaling. Our data expands knowledge in the field of hMSCs fate and osteogenesis orchestration by miRs, points to pro-osteogenic and anti-osteogenic miRs and their potential molecular pathways.
Estrogen Promotes Pituitary Prolactinoma by Upregulating TLR4 / NF-κB/p38MAPK Pathway
Authors: Zhang Yu , Ding Qiaoyan , Wang Shuman , Wu Qi , Ni Ping , Zhang Hong , Wang Xiong , Chen Yonggang , Wu Jinhu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Prolactinomas have harmful effects on human health, and the pathogenesis is still unknown. Furthermore, the morbidity of women is much more than man, maybe related with estradiol level. Thus, it is important to reveal the pathogenesis and develop new therapeutic methods for prolactinomas.Methods: Immunofluorescence analysis or Immunohistochemistry analysis were performed on the ERβ, TLR4 and prolactin (PRL) expressions of pituitary gland in C57BL/6 mice and human prolactinoma specimen. In the present study, the role of TLR4 in prolactinoma was determined using estradiol-induced mice models in C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and TLR4−/− mice. MMQ cells were treated with estradiol, fulvestrant, LPS or transfected with different TLR4 small interfering RNA, which to study ERβ, TLR4 and PRL expression in MMQ cells. Co‑immunoprecipitates analysis was used to investigate the interaction between ERβ and TLR4.Results: Immunofluorescence analysis or Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that PRL and TLR4 expression were co-located and increased in the pituitary gland of mice and human prolactinoma specimen compared with the control specimen. It was shown that PRL and TLR4 expression was co-located and increased significantly in the pituitary gland of estradiol-injected prolactinoma mice compared with the control mice. Knockout of TLR4 significantly inhibited tumor overgrowth, and PRL expression was decreased in estradiol-induced mice through regulating TLR4/NF‑κB/p38MAPK pathway. Estradiol promoted PRL expression through regulating TLR4/NF‑κB/p38MAPK pathway in vitro study, and pre-Inhibiting ERβ or TLR4 reverse the effect, while simultaneously activating ERβ and TLR4 enhanced PRL expression than activating single ERβ or TLR4. Furthermore, ERβ co-immunoprecipitates with endogenous TLR4 was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation analysis.Conclusions: These results suggest that estradiol promoted prolactinoma development by activating the TLR4/NF‑κB/ p38MAPK pathway through Erβ and TLR4 knockout inhibited the proliferation and secretion of prolactin in prolactinoma.
The SP-ET Index is a New Index for Assessing The Vertical Position of Patella
Authors: Li Jia , Qiu Lanyu , Sheng Bo , Yu Fan , Yang Haitao , Lv Furong , Lv Fajin , Huang Wei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background.

There were some parameters in previous studies did not better reflect the vertical position of the patella relative to the femoral trochlear. The purposes of this study were to assess the value of the most superior point of patella - entrance of femoral trochlea distance ratio (SP-ET index) as a newer index in defining the vertical position of patella relative to the trochlea, correlate it with the Insall-Salvati ratio, and investigate the effect of the new index on chondromalacia patella.
Methods.

A total of 99 knees of 77 patients with chondromalacia patella were retrospectively analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from our database. The Insall–Salvati ratio and SP-ET index were measured on MR images. There were 99 knees just with meniscus rupture were enrolled as the control group. The two parameters of the chondromalacia patella were compared with those of the control group.
Results.

The Insall–Salvati ratio and SP-ET index in the chondromalacia patella group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.001). The SP-ET index showed a moderate positive correlation with the Insall–Salvati ratio (r=0.307, p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed the diagnostic efficiency of the SP-ET index was better than that of the Insall–Salvati ratio in patients with chondromalacia patella.
Conclusion.

The SP-ET index may be a useful complement parameter to define the vertical position of the patella relative to the femoral trochlear. Increased of the SP-ET index may be an important risk factor for chondromalacia patella.
PANK1 is a Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma
Authors: Ma Baishun , Wang Pu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: PANK1 is expressed in some cancer types, but its role in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) is unclear. We aimed to demonstrate the relationship between PANK1 and ccRCC based on a cancer genomic atlas (TCGA) database.Methods: The Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between the clinical pathological characteristics of ccRCC and the expression of PANK1. The ROC curve was used to describe the prognostic value of PANK1 using area under curve (AUC) scores. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the factors affecting the prognosis of ccRCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immuno-infiltration analysis were performed to identify a significantly related function of PANK1.Results: PANK1 expression in renal clear cell carcinoma was different from that in stage N (P=1.3E-03),sex (P=5.1E-07),stage M(P=8.3E-04),residual tumor(P<0.001),T stage(T1 vsT4(P=6.5E-03),T1vsT3(P=6.9E-06)), histological grade (G1vsG4(P=3.6E-0.5),G2vsG4(P=2.1E-10),G3vsG4(P=1.7E-05)),pathologic stage(STAGE 1vs.STAGE4(P=1.4E-05),STAGE1vs.STAGE3(P=7.1E-05)). The ROC curve suggest that PANK1 has significant diagnostic and prognostic capabilities (AUC =0.898). Low expression of PANK1 predicted poor overall survival (OS) (P<0.001), while that of PANK1 (HR:0.398; 95% CI:0.248-0.639； P<0.001) is OS-independent predictor in patients with ccRCC. GSEA and immune infiltration analysis showed that the expression of PANK1 is related to extracellular matrix receptor pathway, signaling pathway related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, as well as complement and coagulation cascade pathway.Conclusion: PANK1 expression is significantly associated with poor survival and immune infiltration of ccRCC, which may be a promising prognostic biomarker for ccRCC.
How Multi-Sensory Animal Embodiment in Virtual Reality Influences Environmental Threat Processing and Conservation Behaviors
Authors: Pimentel Daniel , Kalyanaraman Sriram 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Efforts to mitigate environmental threats are often inversely related to the magnitude of casualty, human or otherwise1–3. This “compassion fade” can be explained, in part, by differential processing of large- versus small-scale threats: it is difficult to form empathic connections with unfamiliar masses versus singular victims4. Despite robust findings, little is known about how non-human casualty is processed, and what strategies override this bias. Over four experiments, we show how embodying threatened megafauna – Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta Caretta) – in virtual reality can offset and reverse compassion fade. After observing compassion fade during exposure to mass non-human casualty in virtual reality (Study 1; N=60), we then tested a custom multi-sensory virtual reality simulation facilitating embodiment of a threatened Loggerhead (Study 2; N=98). Afterwards, a field experiment (Study 3; N=90) testing the simulation with varied number of victims showed embodiment offset compassion fade. Lastly, a fourth study (N=25) found that charitable giving among users embodying threatened wildlife was highest when exposed to one versus many victims, though this effect was reversed if victims were of a different species (Dolphins). The findings demonstrate how animal embodiment in virtual reality alters processing of environmental threats and non-human casualty, thereby influencing biodiversity conservation outcomes.
Variations in Height, Weight and Body Mass Index According to Generation, Place of Residence and Region in Palestinian Territories
Authors: Natour Nihal , Badrasawi Manal , Al-Tell Mariam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The relationship between second intifada and risk factors of chronic diseases was not studied before in PalestineAims: The aims of this study is to describe differences in height , weight and BMI between different generations of Palestinians who were born at different times in the armed conflict. Also we wanted to know whether weight and height in West Bank follow any social pattern.Methods: This study was retrospective analysis of pooled data from many previous studies where participants reported their weight, height, place of residence, region in west bank and income.Results: Almost 61% of our study were females. Among female 12.8% were born before first intifada, 6.4% around first Intifada and 80.8% were born around second intifada. For males; 12.2% before first intifada, 5.7% around first intifada and 82.9% around second intifada. The generation born around second intifada had 12 cm higher height relative to generation before first intifada, 5 cm more height relative to first intifada generation (p=0.001), whereas females born before intifada had 20 Kg more weight than the generation of second intifada (p< 0.0001). In multiple regression model done for the second intifada generation weight and height were related to place of residence and income and age significantly.Conclusion: Political conflict have detrimental consequence on Palestinians wellbeing
Algorithm to Improve Resuscitation Outcomes in Patients With Traumatic Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Lee Hsin-Min , Wang Chia-Ti , Hsu Chien-Chin , Chen Kuo-Tai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Backgroun:This study proposed an algorithm to improve resuscitation outcomes in the emergency department (ED) for patients with traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TOHCA). We also performed a retrospective chart review of patient outcomes before and after implementing the algorithm and sought to define factors that might influence patient outcomes.Methods: In September 2018, we implemented an algorithm for patients with TOHCA. This algorithm rapidly identifies possible causes of TOHCA and recommends appropriate interventions. We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of all patients with TOHCA during a 5-year period and compared the results before and after the implementation of the algorithm.Results:After this algorithm was implemented, the use of the ED interventions of blood transfusion, placement of a large-bore central venous catheter, and thoracostomy increased significantly. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), hospital admission, and survival rates also increased (before vs. after: ROSC: 23.6% vs. 41.5%, P = 0.035; hospital admission: 18.2% vs. 24.6%, P = 0.394; survival: 0.0% vs. 4.6%, P = 0.107). Admitted patients exhibited a higher end-tidal CO2 level than nonadmitted patients [admitted vs. nonadmitted: 41.5 (33.3–52.0) vs. 12.0 (7.5–18.8), P = 0.001].Conclusion:Our algorithm prioritizes the three major treatable causes of TOHCA: impedance of venous return, hypovolemia, and hypoxia. We found that ROSC, hospital admission, and survival rates increased with the increasing implementation of the ED interventions recommended by the algorithm.
Triglyceride-Glucose Index and HOMA-IR in Young Adulthood and Risk of Incident Congestive Heart Failure: The CARDIA Study
Authors: Zeng Xianghui , Zhou Haobin , Xue Yuting , Wang Xiao , Zhan Qiong , Bai Yujia , Huang Xingfu , Zeng Qingchun , Zhang Hao , Ma Zhuang , Ren Hao , Xu Dingli 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) are related to insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this study was to assess the association between triglyceride-glucose index / HOMA-IR within young adults and congestive heart failure (CHF), and to explore whether triglyceride-glucose index can replace HOMA-IR as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance in predicting the risk of CHF.Methods：A total of 4992 participants between the ages of 18 and 30 were enrolled from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) investigation (from 1985 to 1986 [year 0]). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted for assessing correlations between baseline TyG index / HOMA-IR and congestive heart failure events, together with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve employed for scrutinizing TyG index / HOMA-IR and he risk of CHF.Results: During the 31-year follow-up period, 64 (1.3%) out of the 4992 participants developed congestive heart failure. In multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for confounding factors for CHF, increased risk of CHF was associated with per-unit increase in TyG index (hazard ratio [HR] 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-4.7) and HOMA-IR (HR 1.2; 95%CI, 1.1-1.3). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that participants in the TyG index and HOMA-IR index Q4 group had a higher risk of congestive heart failure than those in the Q1 group. The area under curve (AUC) for TyG index and HOMA-IR consisted of 0.67 (95% CI, 0.6-0.742) and 0.675 (95%CI, 0.604-0.746), respectively. There were no significant differences between TyG index and HOMA-IR for AUC (P = 0.986).Conclusions: TyG index and HOMA-IR are independent risk factors for CHF. The TyG index can replace HOMA-IR in young adulthood as a surrogate marker for IR to predict the risk of CHF.
Unique viruses that infect Archaea related to eukaryotes
Authors: Rambo Ian , De Anda Valerie , Langwig Marguerite , Baker Brett 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Asgard archaea are globally distributed, newly described microbes related to eukaryotes. Despite their importance, Asgard viruses have not been described. Here we characterize seven double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viral genomes that infected Lokiarchaeota, Helarchaeota, and Thorarchaeota in deep-sea hydrothermal sediments. These viruses code for Caudovirales-like structural proteins, as well as proteins distinct from those described in archaeal viruses. They contain genes common in eukaryotic nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs), and appear to be capable of semi-autonomous genome replication, repair, epigenetic modifications, and transcriptional regulation. Moreover, Helarchaeota viruses may hijack host ubiquitin systems similar to eukaryotic viruses. Recovery of these Asgard viral genomes reveals they contain features of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses, and provides insights into their roles in the ecology and evolution of their hosts.
A photo-Responsive Porphyrin-Mn@Choles Complex for Bacteria Treatment
Authors: Chen Qiu-Yun , Wang Wei , Liu Qing-Shan , Liang Xu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Biocompatible photo-driven producers of singlet oxygen can inhibit the growth of drug-resistant bacteria and tumors. In order to bacteria targeting generator of singlet oxygen for tumor and bacterial treatment, a metal porphyrin liposome (Phy-Mn-Ls) was prepared by the metal coordination reaction and self-assembly of porphyrin compounds with bacteria targeting polymer (HS-PEG-chol). The photo-driven production of 1O2, binding with protein (BSA) and lipase, toxicity to MCF-7 breast cancer cells and inhibitory effect on the growth of Escherichia coli were investigated. Fluorescence analysis results show that Phy-Mn-Ls can bind to lipase, and it shows less effect on the conformation of BSA and is low cytotoxicity without irradiation. In particular, the good biocompatibility made Phy-Mn-Ls exhibit good photosensitive antibacterial activity and anti-tumor properties. The results demonstrate that the coordination of HS-PEG-chol with metal-phorphrin coodination is an effective way to develop bacteria targeting nano-complexes (Phy-Mn-Ls) for lipase affinity and photodriven bacteria treatment.
Damage Estimation using Shock Zones: A case study of Amphan tropical cyclone
Authors: Medha  , Mondal Biswajit , Doloi Gour 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The tropical cyclone affects millions of people living in the coastal regions. The changing climate has led to an increased intensity and frequency of cyclones, therefore increasing the damage caused to people, the environment, and property. The Bay of Bengal is most prone to tropical cyclones, which affects Bangladesh and the eastern coastal region of India due to geographical proximity. Hence, a comprehensive understanding of the inundation damage and intensity caused becomes essential to focus the relief efforts on the affected districts. This study identified the shock zone and assessed the inundation associated damage caused by recent cyclone Amphan in the area of Bangladesh and West Bengal in India. The shock zonation was based on the track of cyclones, cyclone wind speed zones, elevation, wind impact potentiality, and agricultural population area. The identification of the affected area was done using integrated Landsat and SAR data, and economic damage cost was assessed using the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Unit price approach. The total people affected due to inundation are 2.4 million in India and 1.4 million in Bangladesh and the damage totaled up to 5.4 million USD. The results of this study can be used by concerned authorities to identify the shock zones and be used for rapid assessment of the damages.