bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diseño y validación de un cuestionario (CAA) sobre la facilitación del desarrollo de la competencia aprender a aprender en el profesorado universitario
Authors: Iñurrategi Nagore , Martínez Agurtzane , Muela Alexander 
Published: April 2021

En el marco del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, el profesorado ha de contar con capacidades profesionales para impulsar en el alumnado la competencia aprender a aprender, que hace referencia a la capacidad de autorregulación del propio proceso de aprendizaje. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en diseñar y validar un cuestionario para medir los contextos facilitadores de aprendizaje que el profesorado universitario activa para el desarrollo de la competencia aprender a aprender, el CAA. En primer lugar, en base a la revisión teórica y empírica, se definieron 86 ítems. A continuación, se examinaron la validez de contenido (n = 20 expertos), la validez basada en los procesos de respuesta (n = 10 docentes), la validez basada en la estructura interna (n = 415 docentes), la validez concurrente y la validez externa. Los resultados mostraron una adecuada calidad psicométrica, consistencia interna, fiabilidad y bondad de ajuste. La versión final del CAA comprendió 4 dimensiones y 39 ítems. Este instrumento puede ser una herramienta de rápida aplicación, válida y fiable, para conocer el desarrollo de los contextos facilitadores de aprendizaje de la competencia aprender a aprender. Asimismo, puede servir para detectar necesidades de formación profesional en el desarrollo de dicha competencia.
Within the European Higher Education Area framework, educators must have acquired professional skills in order to promote different competences in the learning to learn competence, which refers to the self-regulation capacity of the learning process itself. The objective of this work was to design and validate a questionnaire to measure the learning facilitator contexts activated by university educators for the development of the learning to learn competence, LLQ. First of all and based on a theoretical and empirical review, 86 items belonging to 7 dimensions were defined. Next, content validity (n = 20 experts), validity based on the response processes (n = 10 teachers), validity based on the internal structure (n = 415 teachers), concurrent validity and external validity were examined. Results showed adequate psychometric quality, internal consistency, reliability and goodness of fit. The final version of the LLQ comprised 4 dimensions and 39 items. This instrument can be considered to be a quick applicable, valid and reliable tool in order to identify the development of the learning facilitator contexts in the growth of the learning to learn competence at university. Likewise, it can also serve to detect training needs in the development of such competence in university educators.
Predictive variables for sleep quality in professional drivers
Authors: Serrano-Fernández María-José , Boada-Grau Joan , Robert-Sentís Lluís , Vigil-Colet Andreu 
Published: April 2021

Antecedentes: Los conductores profesionales suelen padecer problemas para dormir o descansar correctamente. Esto puede deberse a diversos factores tanto personales como específicos de las condiciones laborales. En el presente trabajo nos hemos planteado desarrollar un modelo predictivo sobre la calidad del sueño en conductores profesionales utilizando los indicadores siguientes: Edad, Género, Confort del asiento, suspensión del asiento, Soporte lumbar ajustable del asiento del conductor, Horas de conducción, Problemas musculoesqueléticos, Drivers Stress, Irritación, Personalidad resistente, Burnout, conductas de seguridad e Impulsividad. Método: Los participantes han sido 369 conductores profesionales, de distintos sectores del transporte, obtenidos mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Se han utilizado el programa SPSS 25.0. Resultados: Se determina la capacidad predictiva de algunas variables que afectan a los conductores sobre la calidad del sueño. Conclusiones: La calidad del sueño se puede predecir a través de determinadas variables, siendo la mejor predictora Exhaustion (Burnout). Esta investigación contribuye a un mayor conocimiento de la calidad del sueño y a la mejora de la salud de los conductores profesionales.
Background: Professional drivers often have problems sleeping or resting properly. This may be due to various factors, both personal and specific to their working conditions. In this study, we set out to develop a predictive model for the quality of sleep in professional drivers using the following indicators: Age, Gender, Seat Comfort, Seat Suspension, Adjustable Lumbar Support of the Driver’s Seat, Driving Hours, Musculoskeletal Problems, Driver Stress, Irritation, Resistant Personality, Burnout, Safety Behaviors and Impulsivity. Method: The participants were 369 professional drivers from different transport sectors, obtained through non-probabilistic sampling. The SPSS 25.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Results: The predictive capacity of certain variables that affect drivers’ sleep quality is determined. Conclusions: Sleep quality can be predicted by means of certain variables, the best predictor of which is Exhaustion (Burnout). This research contributes to the body of knowledge on sleep quality and on improving the health of professional drivers.
Refugiats i apàtrides. L’asil polític i la protecció internacional a l’Estat espanyol: evolució i impediments
Authors: Dura Tohus Jaume 
Published: April 2021

Les polítiques de control de fronteres s’han anat consolidant, convertint Europa i l’Estat espanyol en una mena de fortalesa a la qual cada vegada és mes difícil penetrar, i per tant accedir al procediment d’asil. El govern espanyol prioritza la que denominen «lluita contra la migració irregular» front al compliment dels compromisos que com a Estat, ha signat en matèria de Drets Humans, vulnerant així el dret al asil i a la Protecció Internacional recollit, entre d’altres, en la Convenció de Ginebra sobre l’estatut de les persones refugiades.
Evaluation of circulating tumor cells as a prognostic biomarker for early recurrence in stage II–III breast cancer patients using CytoSorter® system: a retrospective study
Authors: Jin Lidan , Fan Wan-Hung , Luan Yi , Wu Meiqiong , Zhao Wenhe 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are known to be associated with late recurrence and poor prognosis in breast cancer (BC). Different CTC enrichment platforms have different CTC cut-off values for poor prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative CTCs could be a prognostic factor for early recurrence of disease in BC patients with resectable tumors, and to ascertain the CTC cut-off value for early recurrence with CytoSorter® CTC system.

Methods
Thirty-six stage II and III BC patients who had preoperative (pre-op) CTC detection and underwent a mastectomy or lumpectomy for curative intent between January and May 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. CTC detection was performed using CytoSorter® CTC system. Correlations of patients’ demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, adjuvant therapies and CTCs with relapse and survival were evaluated.

Results
CTCs were detected in 32 out of 36 patients before surgery. Nine patients developed relapses during follow-up, and seven of them were distant recurrence. Univariate analysis showed that CTCs were correlated with two-year recurrence free survival (RFS) and distant RFS (D-RFS) (P = 0.013 and 0.029, respectively). Two-year RFS and D-RFS were 85.2% and 88.9%, respectively, for patients with <4 CTCs, while 44.4% and 55.6%, respectively, for patients with ≧4 CTCs. In multivariate analysis, only CTC was shown to be correlated with two-year RFS (HR: 0.219, 95% CI: [0.058–0.82], P = 0.024) and D-RFS (HR: 0.218, 95% CI [0.048–0.977], P = 0.047).

Conclusion
BC patients with pre-op CTCs ≥4 per four mL of blood have significantly reduced two-year RFS and D-RFS. A pre-op CTC cut-off of four per four mL of blood was found for CytoSorter® to identify BC patients with a higher risk for early recurrence.
Extra‐amniotic saline infusion versus extra‐amniotic prostaglandin F2α for cervical ripening and induction of labor
Authors: Mawire C.J , Chipato T , Rusakaniko S 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To compare the effectiveness of extra‐amniotic saline infusion versus extra‐amniotic prostaglandin F2α for cervical ripening, induction of labor and achievement of vaginal delivery in patients with unfavorable cervices. Method: A randomized trial of extra‐amniotic saline infusion versus extra‐amniotic prostaglandin F2α performed at Harare Central Hospital Maternity Unit, Zimbabwe. One hundred and sixty‐four patients were recruited from those referred to Harare Central Hospital Maternity Unit who required induction of labor for either maternal or fetal indications. Results: 162 patients (extra‐amniotic PgF2α group, N=81; extra‐amniotic saline infusion group, N=81) had complete information. Two patients (one from each group) were lost to follow up. The demographic characteristics of the patients and the indications for induction were not statistically different. There was a marginally statistically significant difference in the change of Bishop Score in favor of the extra‐amniotic saline infusion (4.0, S.D.=1.4) as compared to (4.5, S.D.=1.5) for extra‐amniotic PgF2α (P value=0.047). All other parameters showed no statistically significant differences. Maternal and fetal complications were minimal and not significantly different. Extra‐amniotic saline infusion was however almost six times cheaper than PgF2α. Conclusion: Extra‐amniotic saline infusion is as effective as PgF2α, safe, but much cheaper than PgF2α and should be seriously considered as a method of first choice in resource‐poor settings.
Glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) as a defensive molecule for neurodegenerative disease: a tribute to the studies of Antonia Vernadakis on neuronal–glial interactions
Authors: Bohn Martha C. , Kozlowski Dorothy A. , Connor Bronwen 
Published: July 2002

AbstractResearch stemming from interests in neuronal–glial interactions has led to the identification of a number of novel trophic factors, such as the dopaminergic neurotrophic factor glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Delivery of the GDNF gene to rat models of Parkinson's disease suggests a potential clinical use of GDNF gene therapy for humans with this disease. This review article briefly summarizes the history of GDNF and the effects of GDNF gene delivery prior to or after a lesion of the rat nigrostriatal system.
Expression of gabaa receptors by reactive astrocytes in explant and primary cultures of rat cns
Authors: Hösli Elisabeth , Otten U. , Hösli L. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe presence of GABAA‐receptors on astrocytes was studied in explant and primary cultures of rat cerebellum, hippocampus and spinal cord by means of immunohistochemistry. For these studies we have used the monoclonal antibody bd 17 against the β2‐ and β3‐subunits of GABAA‐receptor. In explant cultures many neurones were intensely stained with the GABAA‐receptor antibody whereas adjacent astrocytes revealed little or no immunoreactivity. In the far outgrowth zone of explant culture, however, many immunostained astrocytes were observed. In primary astrocyte cultures, only a few cells were stained by the antibody. Astrocytes which became reactive after producing an artificial scar or after addition of certain compounds such as dibutyryl cyclic AMP, interleukin‐6, basic fibroblast growth factor and kainic acid, also revealed GABAA‐receptor immunoreactivity. Furthermore, these astrocytes were intensely stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin. From our studies we conclude that only a subpopulation of normal astrocytes are immunopositive for the GABAA‐receptor antibody whereas astrocytes which become reactive following injury of the tissue or after addition of dibutyryl cyclic AMP, the cytokine interleukin‐6, fibroblast growth factor or the neurotoxin kainic acid express GABAA‐sites.
Strychnine‐insensitive [3H] glycine binding to synaptosomal membranes from the chick retina
Authors: RodrÍGuez‐Contreras Adrián , Calderón Froylan , LóPez‐Colomé Ana María 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe pharmacology and kinetics of strychnine‐insensitive [3H] glycine binding to synaptic membranes from the outer (P1) and the inner (P2) plexiform layers of chick retina was studied. Inhibition curves for glycine,d‐serine, 1‐amincyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACPC) and strychnine were analyzed by non‐linear regression. Hill slopes for glycine andd‐serine were not different from unity, whereas those for ACPC were < 1 in both fractions, revealing heterogeneity of binding sites in these membranes. Non‐linear regression analysis of time course and saturation experiments strengthen the idea that [3H] glycine binds to more than one class of sites, with similar affinities at equilibrium. Antagonists of strychnine‐insensitive glycine receptors in the CNS did not inhibit [3H] glycine binding to these membranes, which demonstrates that NMDA receptors in the retina have different structural requirements for ligand interaction at these sites. pH affected the specific binding, in agreement with the participation of specific amino acid residues at glycine binding sites on NMDA receptors, and also with functional studies in which the modulation of affinity at this site by protons has been observed. These results support previous studies regarding CPP and MK‐801 binding, and provide evidence which indicates that the pharmacophore for glycine and other NMDA‐related ligands is distinct for the retina, compared to the CNS, mainly regarding the effects of glycine‐site antagonists.
Comparative effects of pharmacotherapy on the maintenance of cognitive function
Authors: Allain H. , Schück S. , Mauduit N. , Djemai M. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe quality of human cognitive performance appears today as one of the main components of quality of life, whatever the age. Ageing by itself and most of the diseases affecting the central nervous system alter higher brain functions such as memory, vigilance and attention. Dementia is the most acute example, with a cascade of behavioral and psychological consequences (BPSD), which are the main cause of the caregiver’s burden and need specific pharmacotherapy. In this respect, the problem will be the choice of the best drug in situations such as wandering, agitation, violence, and screaming. The psychotropics, however, should not deteriorate the already disturbed cognition of the patients. This is the reason why we propose to establish for each drug, and notably for the antipsychotics, a precise and exact ‘cognitive mapping’; in other words, to measure the effects of drugs on the different components of cognition. The results of such studies will be predictive of the future phase III clinical trials and therapeutic responses. As an illustration of this approach we shall relate two studies, TIATEM (phase I) and TIAGE (phase III/IV), leading to the determination of a good cognitive safety profile of an atypical neuroleptic drug, tiapride.
Analysis of the seasonal variation of schizophrenic births using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov type statistic
Authors: Verdoux H , Takei N , Cassou de Saint-Mathurin R , Bourgeois M 
Published: July 2002

SummaryPrevious studies have shown that schizophrenic patients are more likely to be born in winter or early spring months than the general population. Data on 4,207 patients with a hospital diagnosis of schizophrenia were obtained from a mailed survey to public departments of adult psychiatry in metropolitan France. For each year from 1900 to 1965, the expected monthly number of schizophrenic births was calculated and any seasonal variation of live births in the general population was taken into account. Cumulative distributions of the observed and expected number of schizophrenic births were compared using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov type statistic. The seasonal distribution of schizophrenic births was significantly different from that of the general population (P < 0.01). An excess of schizophrenic births was found in the first half of the year, with a peak in April (+ 13%).
Anxiety disorders, comorbidity, and suicide attempts in adolescence: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Pawlak C , Pascual-Sanchez T , Raë P , Fischer W , Ladame F 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe prevalence of anxiety disorders and associated DSM-III-R diagnoses were measured in a sample of 80 female adolescents aged between 15 to 20 years consulting an outpatient psychiatric service for adolescents. The suicide attempt group (SA) included 40 patients evaluated within 24 h after attempted suicide. This is compared to 40 consecutive patients consulting the same center but without any history of suicide attempt (the no attempt group, NA).The global prevalence of anxiety disorders was similar in both groups (SA: 65% vs. NA: 60%, NS) as was the relative importance of the different disorders in each group, generalized anxiety being the most frequent specific anxiety disorder. The most striking difference between the two groups was in the prevalence of affective disorders in 90% (SA) vs. 32.5% (NA) (P < 0.001), leading to high rates of comorbidity on axis I in the SA group. Of the 24 patients with anxiety disorders who attempted suicide, 21 (95%) fulfilled criteria for associated major depression, compared to five out of 21 (24%) patients with anxiety disorders who had not attempted suicide.Adolescents with anxiety disorders developing major depression are at a high risk for suicide. The depression may be of short duration (less than two weeks) when compared to that of the anxiety disorder (greater than six months). To improve suicide prevention, our findings if confirmed should encourage clinicians to perform a close follow-up of adolescents with anxiety disorders for an early detection of sudden depressive breakdowns.
Use of medical resources and quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure: a prospective survey in a large Italian community hospital
Authors: Albanese Maria C. , Plewka Michal , Gregori Dario , Fresco Claudio , Avon Giorgio , Caliandro Donato , Grassi Libero , Rossi Paolo , Udina Paolo , Bulfoni Alessandro , Colle Roberto , Cuzzato Anna Linda , Fioretti Paolo M. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAims:To assess the prevalence, clinical characteristics, use of medical resources and quality of life in consecutive patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) hospitalized in a large community hospital during 3 months.Methods and results:The study group included 354 patients with CHF, admitted in the Departments of Internal Medicine (97%) and Cardiology. Median age was 78 years [72;85], 45% were males. CHF was the main diagnosis in 72%; 28% were in NYHA class III and 49% in class IV; 42% had atrial fibrillation. The median hospital stay was 8 days [5;14], in‐hospital mortality 9% in those admitted for CHF and 19% in those admitted primarily for other diseases. Patients with CHF occupied 15% of the beds; 1330 ECGs, 389 chest X‐rays, 112 echocardiograms and 10 coronary angiograms were performed. A quality of life questionnaire revealed that 82% had problems with mobility, 54% with self‐care and 88% with everyday activity. Thirty‐nine percent of patients had at least one hospitalization during the previous year.Conclusions:Ninety‐seven percent of hospitalized patients with CHF are admitted in the Internal Medicine wards and occupy 15% of beds. The majority of the patients are 72 years or older, with severe heart failure. The frequency of rehospitalization(s) and mortality rate in this population remains high. Echocardiography is performed only in 27% of patients.
“EVIDENCE” AND MIDWIFERY PRACTICE
Authors: Albers Leah L. 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTEvidence‐based care has become the new standard in the clinical disciplines. It represents a paradigm shift for clinicians, toward greater inclusion of research findings in patient care decisions. Randomized trials are the “gold standard” in clinical research and provide the strongest evidence for a treatment or intervention. But, randomized trials have limitations and cannot address all important clinical questions. Research using observational, descriptive, and qualitative methods also has a place in generating evidence for practice. Balancing the needs of individual women against what is learned from research with groups or populations is a challenge for midwives.
Disposition and pharmacologic effects of R/S‐verapamil in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation: An investigation comparing single and multiple dosing
Authors: Busse Dagmar , Fromm Martin F. , Mörike Klaus , Drescher Siegfried , Kühlkamp Volker , Eichelbaum Michel 
Published: July 2002

BackgroundRacemic (R/S)‐verapamil is widely used in the management of chronic atrial fibrillation. The negative dromotropic effect is mainly mediated by the S‐enantiomer, which is preferentially metabolized. Previous studies report an accumulation of R/S‐verapamil during long‐term oral treatment of patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. However, the specific disposition of S‐verapamil and the pharmacologic effects were not assessed. Therefore uncertainties about the need for dose adjustments remain.MethodsUsing stable isotope technology and a stereospecific assay, we compared the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous (10 mg of d7‐R/S‐verapamil) and oral (240 mg of slow release (SR) d0‐R/S‐verapamil) R–verapamil and S‐verapamil after the first dose (day 1) and after 3 weeks (day 21) of continuous oral therapy in 8 patients with long‐term atrial fibrillation. On both study days, serum samples were obtained for the analysis of d7‐ and d0‐R‐verapamil and S‐verapamil. Heart rate (HR) was monitored with electrocardiography (with each blood sample) and Holter electrocardiography (before the study, on day 1, and on day 21).ResultsCompared with day 1, clearance of oral R‐verapamil and S‐verapamil was significantly reduced on day 21 (1007 ± 380 versus 651 ± 253 mL/min [–35%] and 5481 ± 2731 versus 2855 ± 1097 mL/min [–48%], respectively; P < .05), whereas only a moderate decrease was observed for intravenous R‐verapamil and S‐verapamil (–23% and −14%, respectively, not significant). Mean HR (89 ± 11 bpm before verapamil) was effectively reduced, with the same effects on day 1 (68 ± 8 bpm) and day 21 (68 ± 8 bpm). Compared with day 1, the HR reduction per ng/mL of S‐verapamil (calculated by the area under the curve [from 0–24 hours] ratio of HR reduction and S‐verapamil concentration) was significantly lower on day 21 (0.7 ± 0.4 versus 1.2 ± 0.7 [bpm] · [ng/mL]−1, for day 21 versus day 1; P < .01).ConclusionsIn patients with chronic atrial fibrillation, clearance of oral, but not intravenous, S‐verapamil and R‐verapamil is significantly reduced with multiple doses compared with a single dose, thereby indicating predominant impairment of prehepatic rather than hepatic metabolism as the underlying mechanism. However, this kinetic change is clinically compensated by a decrease in the responsiveness to S‐verapamil observed with regular dosing. The data suggest that despite accumulation of the drug individual verapamil doses can be maintained during long‐term oral rate control therapy.Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2001) 69, 324–332; doi: 10.1067/mcp.2001.115125