bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding a Low-protein Maternal Diet Affects Qinghai Bamei Piglet Jejunal Microbiome-metabolome Response
Authors: Jin Jipeng , Zhang Liping , Chen Qian , Ma Cunming , Jia Jianlei , Casper David. P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This experiment investigated the impacts of feeding a maternal low-CP concentration diet having iso-essential amino acids on new born suckling piglets intestinal microbial composition and metabolic profiles. The Bamei swine breed was selected due to high meat quality and flavor, but demonstrates slower growth rates which may be related to jejunal nutrient supply. Forty randomly selected purebred Bamei sows were divided into two groups and fed a low dietary CP (12%, LP) or a normal CP (14%, CON) diet, respectively, but formulated to contain similar (iso-) essential amino acid concentrations per current recommendations. At 21 days, 12 piglets were randomly selected from each treatment and euthanized with jejunum content samples collected. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling were combined as an integrated approach for evaluating the functional impact of maternal CP concentrations on piglet intestinal microbiome. Even though piglets demonstrated similar 0 to 21 d ADG among treatments, the jejunum relative weight, villus width, crypt depth and muscular thickness were increased (P < 0.05), while villus height, and villus height:crypt depth were reduced (P < 0.05) for the material LP compared to the maternal fed CON diet. Maternal CP concentrations can modify the intestinal microbial composition of Bamei suckling piglets. The relative abundances of the bacterial species Escherichia-Shigella, Actinobacillus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Veillonella, and Turicibacter were increased (P < 0.05) in the maternal LP fed diet compared with the maternal fed CON diet. Jejunal digesta metabolomics analysis indicated that several amino acids were metabolized (i.e. cys, met, tyr phe and trp), biosynthesized (arg phe, tyr, and trp), or degraded (lys) were enriched (P < 0.05) for the maternal fed LP compared with the maternal fed CON. Correlation analysis demonstrated that certain intestinal bacterial genera were highly related to the histomorphology and altered intestinal microbiota metabolites. In conclusion, maternal dietary CP concentrations in excess of protein and amino acid requirements not only altered suckling Bamei piglets histomorphology, microbial composition and function, but also modulated jejunum microbial metabolic profiles, which aids in understanding the beneficial effects when feeding a maternal LP diet on piglet intestinal health.
Recycling and Biomass Influence on the Production-Based CO2 Intensity Based on Circular Economy Concept
Authors: Petkovic Biljana , Nikolic Ivica , Denic Nebojša , Petković Dalibor 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In a closed loop structure, the circular economy reflects a concept for converting material and energy wastes into capital for other purposes. The circular economy's key goal is to reduce energy and material waste. The best-case scenario will be to eliminate wastes and repurpose them, which is one of the key goals of the circular economy. The circular economy and sustainable development are inextricably linked. The framework reflects resource reuse and recycling in order to reduce waste and the use of biodegradable items that can be returned to the ecosystem after rejection. Many programs are being developed to incorporate the circular economy in order to apply the system's best practices. Recycling and reusing goods for the same or new items are the best practices for reducing waste and energy consumption. The main goal of the study was to analyze the effect of waste generation and recycling on production-based CO2 intensity based on circular economy concept. For such a purpose adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was implemented since the methodology is suitable for statistical investigation of strongly nonlinear data sample due to features of fuzzy logic system. Generated and recycled waste including biomass is the most influential factors for the production-based CO2 intensity based on circular economy concept. The obtained results could represent the best practices for implementation of circular economy concept.
Simultaneous Damage to the Hepatic Artery and Common Bile Duct in a Blunt Abdominal Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Mansoorian Mohsenreza Mansoorian , Babaei Mohammad reza , Nikkhah Mehdi , Majd Behrooz Seyedi , Alibeik Nazanin , Rahimian Neda , Bozorgmehr Ramin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Diagnosis and management of extrahepatic duct injuries in blunt abdominal trauma is very difficult and challenging. First because these injuries are very rare. Also, in the management of abdominal blunt trauma, many patients are currently managed with non-surgical and conservative methods. Case presentation: A 23-year-old man who referred to General Hospital in down town of Tehran due to severe trauma in rollover motorcycle accident. There was no evidence of hemodynamic instability in emergency department. There was a drop in hemoglobin in the first week of hospitalization, which could be due by hepatic artery injury. We decided to manage hepatic artery pseudo aneurysm with interventional radiology approach. On angiography, a picture of a thrombotic pseudoaneurysm was seen, which was embolized by passing a catheter and endovascular coiling. Four days later, he presented with severe abdominal distension. In the study, the abdomen was full of fluid, which was emptied, and about 5 liters of bile were expelled. Twenty-four days after the accident, the patient underwent ERCP and a clear leak of proximal part CBD was evident. CBD stent was inserted under the guide of fluoroscopy. The patient underwent complete intravenous nutrition and the volume of discharge did not decrease during treatment. One week after starting intravenous feeding, the patient developed fever, tachycardia, and abdominal tenderness, so he underwent surgery. Severe adhesions and multiple collections were evident in the abdomen. Abdominal lavage was performed and two right and left sub-diaphragmatic drains were inserted and the abdomen was closed. Enteral feeding began 5 days after the surgery and the patient was discharged in good general condition. Conclusions: This is a rare case of simultaneous hepatic artery and common bile duct injury at the same time which manage with interventional embolization for hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm and ERCP and stenting also total parenteral nutrition for common bile duct injury at first step. At last surgery was done due to control the sepsis and abdominal collections drainage.
A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Potential Factors, Motivations, And Barriers Influencing Research Participation And Retention Among People Who Use Drugs In The Rural United States
Authors: Hetrick Angela T , Young April M. , Elman Miriam R. , Bielavtiz Sarann , Alexander Rhonda L. , Brown Morgan , Waddell Elizabeth Needham , Korthuis P. Todd , Lancaster Kathryn E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite high morbidity and mortality among people who use drugs (PWUD) in rural America, most research is conducted within urban areas. We describe influencing factors, motivations, and barriers to research participation and retention among rural PWUD. Methods: We recruited 255 eligible participants from community outreach and community-based, epidemiologic research cohorts from April-July 2019 to participate in a descriptive cross-sectional study. Eligible participants reported opioid or injection drug use to get high within 30 days and resided in high-needs rural counties in Oregon, Kentucky, and Ohio. We aggregated response rankings to identify salient influences, motivations, and barriers. We estimated prevalence ratios to assess for gender, preferred drug use, and geographic differences using log-binomial models.Results: Most participants were male (55%) and recently injected methamphetamine (61%) and/or heroin (57%). The primary influential factors for research participation are confidentiality, amount of financial compensation, and time required. Primary motivations for participation include financial compensation, free HIV/HCV testing, and linkage with resources. Changed or false participant contact information and transportation are principal barriers to retention. Respondents who prefer methamphetamines over heroin are more influenced by why their information is collected and how it is used (PR=1.12; 95%CI:1.00, 1.26). Knowing and wanting to help the research team are motivations for participation among Oregon participants (PR=2.12; 95%CI:1.51, 2.99) and females (PR=1.57; 95%CI:1.09, 2.26).Conclusions: Beyond financial compensation, researchers should emphasize confidentiality, offer testing and linkage with care, use several contact methods, aid transportation, and accommodate demographic differences to improve research participation and retention among rural PWUD.
Virtual Reality Alleviates Post-Stroke Depression by Regulating FGF21
Authors: Zhang Yihui , Xing Zekun , Xie Zhanxiang , Zhou Yuzheng , Wan Shengjie , Luo Yi , Zhou Kecheng , Jiang Songhe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Post-stroke depression(PSD) lacks timely and effective treatment and virtual reality (VR) technology can create a lifelike experience and simulate users' physical presence in an immersive environment. It has been confirmed to have a positive effect on stroke and depression. Data about the efficacy VR on PSD are limited. The intensification of fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21) can improve depression and other emotional symptoms, but there is no study on its role in PSD.Methods: We enlisted 76 PSD patients (6 lost) and divided into the experimental group and control group randomly. The patient underwent psychological rehabilitation once a week for 50 minutes each time for a total of 12 weeks. The patients in the experimental group received psychological counseling and VR rehabilitation while patients in the control group also took the same pattern but without VR rehabilitation. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were evaluated before rehabilitation, in the 4th week and at the end of rehabilitation respectively in two groups for the sake of observing changes in the patients' depression. Then 8 people in each group did functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and blood samples were taken for detection with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), IL-6, TNF-α and FGF21 by ELISA.Results: The result of fNIRS showed the hemodynamic activation in the prefrontal region of the experimental group was significantly increased. Both groups of FGF21 increased and compared with the control group, the experimental group has a greater upsurge and a faster increase rate.Conclusions: VR alleviates PSD. FGF21 is closely related to PSD，and it is likely to be a potential pathological mechanism of PSD. It suggests that VR is possible to improve PSD by increasing FGF21.Trial registration: We registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry which is the first level registration organization of WHO international clinical trial registration platform. The registration number is ChiCTR1900027987, the date of registration December 7, 2019.
Study of Analog/Rf and Stability Investigation of Surrounded Gate Junctionless Graded Channel MOSFET(SJLGC MOSFET)
Authors: Misra Sarita , Biswal Sudhansu Mohan , Baral Biswajit , Swain Sanjit Kumar , Pati Sudhansu Kumar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper explores the potential advantage of surrounded gate junctionless graded channel (SJLGC) MOSFET in the view of its Analog, RF performances using ATLAS TCAD device simulator. The impact of graded channel in the lateral direction on the potential, electric field, and velocity of carriers, energy band along the channel is investigated systematically. The present work mainly emphasises on the superior performance of SJLGC MOSFET by showing higher drain current (ID) , transconductance (gm) ,cut off frequency (fT) , maximum frequency of oscillation (fmax) , critical frequency (fK) .The drain current is improved by 10.03 % in SJLGC MOSFET due to the impact of grading the channel. There is an improvement in fT, fmax, fK by 45%, 29% and 18% respectively in SJLGC MOSFET showing better RF Performance. The dominance of the SJLGC MOSFET over SJL MOSFET is further elucidated by showing 74% improvement in intrinsic voltage gain (gm / gds) indicating its better applications in sub threshold region. But the transconductance generation factor of SJLGC MOSFET is less than SJL MOSFET in the subthreshold region. The intrinsic gate delay (ζD) of SJLGC MOSFET is less in comparison to SJL MOSFET due to the impact of lower gate to gate capacitance (CGG) suggesting better digital switching applications. The simulation results reveal that SJLGC MOSFET can be a competitive contender for the coming generation of RF circuits covering a broad range of operating frequencies in RF spectrum.
A Prediction Model for Intermediate- and High-risk Pulmonary Hypertension During the Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Feng Xilian , Liang Jiahua , Chen Jiamin , Chen Weiyan , Li Hui , Zhang Wei , Yang Liuliu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious complication of COPD and is associated with poor prognosis. There are currently no established predictive models for PH during the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Objective: To establish a prediction model for intermediate- and high-risk PH in AECOPD patients.Methods: This study collected data from 203 AECOPD patients and divided the patients into a model group and an external validation group. The influence of each parameter on PH was analysed through univariate and multivariate analyses, and these data were used to build a prediction model. Finally, the discriminative ability, calibration ability and clinical efficacy of the model were tested.Result: Age, RDW-CV and RDW-SD were related to PH, so these variables were used to establish a prediction model. In addition, the discriminative ability, calibration ability and clinical efficacy of the model were affirmed.Conclusion: This study established a clinical prediction model for AECOPD patients with PH, and the prediction model has certain clinical value for assisting in the screening of intermediate- and high-risk patients with PH.
A Core Outcome Set for Clinical Trials of First- and Second-Segree Perineal Tears Prevention and Treatment: A Study Protocol for a Systematic Review and a Delphi Survey
Authors: Xiao Lin , Shi Lei , Liu Suting , Luo yuan yuan , Tian Jin hui , Zhang Lili 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Perineal tear is a common consequence of vaginal births affecting females globally. Even mild perineal tears could cause short- and long-term complications for females. Though many studies of interventions to prevent or treat perineal tears to minimize the consequences have been conducted, however, there is significant heterogeneity in the outcomes measured and reported in existing studies, which makes meaningful comparison difficult and makes the generalizability to clinical practice challenging. Developing a core outcome set (COS) could solve these methodological concerns. In this paper, we report a protocol to develop a COS for clinical trials of mild perineal tears, which shall assist in establishing the evidence base and implementation of effective measures to reduce the incidence and minimize the consequences of mild perineal tears.
Methods /Design:

The development of this COS will be guided by a study advisory group composed of obstetricians, midwives, nursing managers, service users and methodologists. This study will include four stages: (1) a systematic review of the literature to identify outcomes reported in prior studies; (2) a semi-structured interview with key stakeholders to collect their opinions on important outcomes; (3) a panel of experts will be invited to conduct a three-round Delphi survey to prioritize these outcomes; (4) a consensus meeting with key stakeholders to determine the list of outcomes included in the final COS.
Discussion

The development of this COS will provide an international standards for the outcomes to be collected and reported in all clinical trials and audits of practice, that involve prevention and treatment of first- and second-degree perineal tears for women with vaginal delivery. This will facilitate comparing and contrasting of studies and allow for combining of appropriate studies with the ultimate goal of improved perineal care for women choosing vaginal delivery.
A Human Resource Development Strategy for Primary Health Care: an Exploratory Study of Mixed Methods
Authors: Jia Huanhuan , Jiang Hairui , Yu Jianxing , Zhang Jingru , Zheng Zhou , Gao Shang , Shang Panpan , Cao Peng , Qiang bayuzhen , Yu Xihe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The serious shortage of primary health care (PHC) providers is a common issue in the health reforms worldwide, including in China. The government of China have proposed that encouraging and guiding qualified medical personnel to work in primary medical and health care institutions (PMHCIs) is an effective way to improve the overall quality and efficiency of PHC, but it has not produced good results. The problem of insufficient human resources of PHC has not been substantially ameliorated.Methods: Based on implicit theory and lexical approach, pre-investigation was conducted to collect the items that influence the medical personnel to seek employment at PMHCIs from the perspective of guided objects. Through a three-phase investigation of 1,160 doctors in 29 public hospitals in 9 cities, the items were categorized, and a structural equation model was established and verified to explore the interrelationship of influencing factors.Results: A total of 5 factors were rotated, including Sense of Gain (SG), Internal Organization Development (IOD), Remuneration and Development (RD), Condition of the City Where the PMHCI Is Located (CCPL), Job Responsibilities (JR) and Family Support (FS). The results of the model showed that IOD, RD, JR and FS had a significantly positive effect on the SG, whereas CCPL had no significant direct effect. In addition, the FS, RD and JR significantly mediated the relationship between the internal and external environment of the institution and the willing of medical personnel to seek employment at PMHCIs. The values of fit index indicated an acceptable-fitting model.Conclusion: Family, remuneration, individual development, and job responsibility are closely related with the willingness of medical personnel to seek employment at PMHCIs, and the internal and external environment of PMHCIs is also an important factor. Based on this, targeted measures can be proposed to promote the development of PHC providers.
Long-term Quality of Life After Decompressive Craniectomy in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Stroke
Authors: Vicino Alex , Vuadens Philippe , Léger Bertrand , Benaim Charles 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PurposeDecompressive craniectomy (DC) can rapidly reduce intracranial pressure and save lives in the acute phase of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke, but little is known about the long-term outcome after DC. We evaluated quality of life (QoL) a few years after DC for severe TBI/stroke.MethodsThe following data were collected for stroke/TBI patients hospitalized for neurorehabilitation after DC: 1) at discharge, motor and cognitive sub-scores of the Functional Independence Measure (motor-FIM [score 13-91] and cognitive-FIM [score 5-35]) and 2) more than 4 years after discharge, the QOLIBRI health-related QoL (HR-QoL) score (0-100; <60 representing low or impaired QoL) and the return to work (RTW: 0%, partial, 100%)ResultsWe included 88 patients (66 males, median age 38 [interquartile range 26.3-51.0], 65 with TBI/23 stroke); 46 responded to the HR-QoL questionnaire. Responders and non-responders had similar characteristics (age, sex, functional levels upon discharge). Median motor-FIM and cognitive-FIM scores were 85/91 and 27/35, with no significant difference between TBI and stroke patients. Long-term QoL was borderline low for TBI patients and within normal values for stroke patients (score 58.0[42.0-69.0] vs. 67.0[54.0-81.5], p=0.052). RTW was comparable between the groups (62% full time).ConclusionWe already knew that DC can save the lives of TBI or stroke patients in the acute phase and this study suggests that their long-term quality of life is generally quite acceptable.
Chromatin Landscape Dynamics in Development of the Plant Parasitic Nematode Meloidogyne Incognita
Authors: Hassanaly-Goulamhoussen Rahim , Augusto Ronaldo De Carvalho , Marteu-Garello Nathalie , Péré Arthur , Favery Bruno , Rocha Martine Da , Danchin Etienne G.J. , Abad Pierre , Grunau Christoph , Zurletto Laetitia Perfus-Barbeoch 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:In model organisms, epigenome dynamics underlies a plethora of biological processes. The role of epigenetic modifications in development and parasitism in nematode pests remains unknown. The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita adapts rapidly to unfavorable conditions, despite its asexual reproduction. However, the mechanisms underlying this remarkable plasticity and their potential impact on gene expression remain unknown. Results:This study provides the first insight into contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to this plasticity, by studying histone modifications in M. incognita. The distribution of five histone modifications revealed the existence of strong epigenetic signatures, similar to those found in the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We investigated their impact on chromatin structure and their distribution relative to transposable elements (TE) loci. We assessed the influence of the chromatin landscape on gene expression at two developmental stages: eggs, and pre-parasitic juveniles. H3K4me3 histone modification was strongly correlated with high levels of expression for protein-coding genes implicated in stage-specific processes during M. incognita development. Conclusions:We provided new insights in the dynamic regulation of parasitism genes kept under histone modifications silencing. In this pioneering study, we establish a comprehensive framework for the importance of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of the genome expression and its stability in plant-parasitic nematodes.