bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of the Individualized Prognostic Nomograms in Patients With Right- and Left-Sided Colon Cancer
Authors: Luo Zai , Fu Zhongmao , Li Tengfei , Zhang Yuan , Zhang Jianming , Yang Yan , Yang Zhengfeng , Li Qi , Qiu Zhengjun , Huang Chen 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe overall survival (OS) of patients diagnosed with colon cancer (CC) varied greatly, so did the patients with the same tumor stage. We aimed to design a nomogram that is capable of predicting OS in resected left-sided colon cancers (LSCC) and right-sided colon cancers (RSCC), and thus to stratify patients into different risk groups, respectively.MethodsRecords from a retrospective cohort of 577 patients with complete information were used to construct the nomogram. Univariate and multivariate analyses screened risk factors associated with overall survival. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated with concordance index (c-index), calibration plots, and decision curve analyses for discrimination, accuracy, calibration ability, and clinical net benefits, respectively, which was further compared with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification. Risk stratification based on nomogram scores was performed with recursive partitioning analysis.ResultsThe LSCC nomogram incorporated carbohydrate antigen 12-5 (CA12-5), age and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), and RSCC nomogram enrolled tumor stroma percentage (TSP), age and LODDS. Compared with the TNM classification, the LSCC and RSCC nomograms both had a statistically higher C-index (0.837, 95% CI: 0.827–0.846 and 0.780, 95% CI 0.773–0.787, respectively) and more clinical net benefits, respectively. Calibration plots revealed no deviations from reference lines. All results were reproducible in the validation cohort.ConclusionsAn original predictive nomogram was constructed and validated for OS in patients with CC after surgery, which had facilitated physicians to appraise the individual survival of postoperative patients accurately and to identify high-risk patients who were in need of more aggressive treatment and follow-up strategies.
Augmented Reality and Intraoperative Navigation in Sinonasal Malignancies: A Preclinical Study
Authors: Sahovaler Axel , Chan Harley H. L. , Gualtieri Tommaso , Daly Michael , Ferrari Marco , Vannelli Claire , Eu Donovan , Manojlovic-Kolarski Mirko , Orzell Susannah , Taboni Stefano , de Almeida John R. , Goldstein David P. , Deganello Alberto , Nicolai Piero , Gilbert Ralph W. , Irish Jonathan C. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveTo report the first use of a novel projected augmented reality (AR) system in open sinonasal tumor resections in preclinical models and to compare the AR approach with an advanced intraoperative navigation (IN) system.MethodsFour tumor models were created. Five head and neck surgeons participated in the study performing virtual osteotomies. Unguided, AR, IN, and AR + IN simulations were performed. Statistical comparisons between approaches were obtained. Intratumoral cut rate was the main outcome. The groups were also compared in terms of percentage of intratumoral, close, adequate, and excessive distances from the tumor. Information on a wearable gaze tracker headset and NASA Task Load Index questionnaire results were analyzed as well.ResultsA total of 335 cuts were simulated. Intratumoral cuts were observed in 20.7%, 9.4%, 1.2,% and 0% of the unguided, AR, IN, and AR + IN simulations, respectively (p &lt; 0.0001). The AR was superior than the unguided approach in univariate and multivariate models. The percentage of time looking at the screen during the procedures was 55.5% for the unguided approaches and 0%, 78.5%, and 61.8% in AR, IN, and AR + IN, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). The combined approach significantly reduced the screen time compared with the IN procedure alone.ConclusionWe reported the use of a novel AR system for oncological resections in open sinonasal approaches, with improved margin delineation compared with unguided techniques. AR improved the gaze-toggling drawback of IN. Further refinements of the AR system are needed before translating our experience to clinical practice.
Application Value of Magnetic Resonance Radiomics and Clinical Nomograms in Evaluating the Sensitivity of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Hu Chunmiao , Zheng Dechun , Cao Xisheng , Pang Peipei , Fang Yanhong , Lu Tao , Chen Yunbin 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveTo predict the sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) based on magnetic resonance (MR) radiomics and clinical nomograms prior to NACT.Materials and MethodsFrom January 2014 to July 2015, 284 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed NPC underwent 3.0 T MR imaging (MRI) before initiating NACT. The patients’ data were randomly assigned to a training set (n = 200) or a test set (n = 84) at a ratio of 7:3. The clinical data included sex, tumor (T) stage, lymph node (N) stage, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, and the plasma concentration of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA. The regions of interest (ROI) were manually segmented on the axial T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and enhanced T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) sequences using ITK-SNAP software. The radiomics data were post-processed using AK software. Moreover, the Maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy (mRMR) algorithm and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) were adopted for dimensionality reduction to screen for the features that best predicted the treatment efficacy, and clinical risk factors were used in combination with radiomics scores (Rad-scores) to construct the clinical radiomics-based nomogram. DeLong’s test was utilized to compare the area under the curve (AUC) values of the clinical radiomics-based nomogram, radiomics model, and clinical nomogram. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was employed to evaluate each model’s net benefit.ResultsThe clinical nomogram was constructed based on data from patients who were randomly assigned according to T2WI and enhanced T1WI sequences. In the training set, the T2WI sequence-based clinical radiomics nomogram and the radiomics model outperformed the clinical nomogram in predicting the NACT efficacy (AUC, 0.81 vs. 0.60, p = 0.001279 and 0.76 vs. 0.60, p = 0.03026). These findings were well-verified in the test set. The enhanced T1WI sequence-based clinical radiomics nomogram exhibited better performance in predicting treatment efficacy than the clinical nomogram (AUC, 0.79 vs. 0.62, respectively; p = 0.0000834). The DCA revealed that the T2WI and clinical radiomics-based nomograms resulted in a net benefit in predicting the NACT efficacy.ConclusionThe clinical radiomics-based nomogram improved the prediction of NACT efficacy, with the T2WI sequence-based clinical radiomics achieving the best effect.
Prescription Pattern and Off-Label Use of Antipsychotics in a Middle Eastern Population
Authors: Bastaki Kholoud , El Anbari Mohammed , Ghuloum Suhaila , Jithesh Puthen Veettil 
Published: November 2021

Background: Understanding the prescription pattern of medications in a population can help reveal the potential usage scenarios, including off-label prescriptions, and the need for precision medicine implementation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prescription pattern and off-label use of antipsychotics in the Qatari population.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of Qatari patients who received antipsychotic prescriptions from the major healthcare providers in the country during the 2-year period between June 2018 and May 2020. The number of patients, prescriptions dispensed, and clinical indications were collected and statistical analysis using chi-square test was conducted.Results: Among the 9,349 Qatari patients prescribed with antipsychotics during the study period, the majority were female (57%; p &lt; 0.001) and were in the age categories 20–39 and 30–39 years (both 22%; p &lt; 0.001). Among the 35,938 antipsychotic prescriptions dispensed, second-generation antipsychotics were the most highly prescribed (59%), specifically, quetiapine (16%) and olanzapine (12%), but the first-generation antipsychotic prochlorperazine (13%) was also highly prescribed. Most of the indications of antipsychotics (69%) were for off-label use such as for controlling chronic diseases, sleeping disorders, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and irritable bowel syndrome.Conclusion: Non-mental health and off-label prescriptions of several antipsychotics were observed. Integration of this data with pharmacogenomic and clinical outcome data will help in determining the course of action for implementing personalized and precision medicine in the country and beyond.
Autonomous Exploration of Small Bodies Toward Greater Autonomy for Deep Space Missions
Authors: Nesnas Issa A. D. , Hockman Benjamin J. , Bandopadhyay Saptarshi , Morrell Benjamin J. , Lubey Daniel P. , Villa Jacopo , Bayard David S. , Osmundson Alan , Jarvis Benjamin , Bersani Michele , Bhaskaran Shyam 
Published: November 2021

Autonomy is becoming increasingly important for the robotic exploration of unpredictable environments. One such example is the approach, proximity operation, and surface exploration of small bodies. In this article, we present an overview of an estimation framework to approach and land on small bodies as a key functional capability for an autonomous small-body explorer. We use a multi-phase perception/estimation pipeline with interconnected and overlapping measurements and algorithms to characterize and reach the body, from millions of kilometers down to its surface. We consider a notional spacecraft design that operates across all phases from approach to landing and to maneuvering on the surface of the microgravity body. This SmallSat design makes accommodations to simplify autonomous surface operations. The estimation pipeline combines state-of-the-art techniques with new approaches to estimating the target’s unknown properties across all phases. Centroid and light-curve algorithms estimate the body–spacecraft relative trajectory and rotation, respectively, using a priori knowledge of the initial relative orbit. A new shape-from-silhouette algorithm estimates the pole (i.e., rotation axis) and the initial visual hull that seeds subsequent feature tracking as the body gets more resolved in the narrow field-of-view imager. Feature tracking refines the pole orientation and shape of the body for estimating initial gravity to enable safe close approach. A coarse-shape reconstruction algorithm is used to identify initial landable regions whose hazardous nature would subsequently be assessed by dense 3D reconstruction. Slope stability, thermal, occlusion, and terra-mechanical hazards would be assessed on densely reconstructed regions and continually refined prior to landing. We simulated a mission scenario for approaching a hypothetical small body whose motion and shape were unknown a priori, starting from thousands of kilometers down to 20 km. Results indicate the feasibility of recovering the relative body motion and shape solely relying on onboard measurements and estimates with their associated uncertainties and without human input. Current work continues to mature and characterize the algorithms for the last phases of the estimation framework to land on the surface.
Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for Bile Leakage After Hepatectomy Without Biliary Reconstruction
Authors: Tan Ling , Liu Fei , Liu Zi-lin , Xiao Jiang-wei 
Published: November 2021

Background and Aim: The risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy without biliary reconstruction are controversial. This study investigated the risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy without biliary reconstruction.Methods: We searched databases (Embase (Ovid), Medline (Ovid), PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) for articles published between January 1, 2000, and May 1, 2021, to evaluate the risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy without biliary reconstruction.Results: A total of 16 articles were included in this study, and the overall results showed that sex (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04–1.42), diabetes (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.38), left trisectionectomy (OR: 3.53, 95% CI: 2.32–5.36), central hepatectomy (OR: 3.28, 95% CI: 2.63–4.08), extended hemihepatectomy (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.55–4.22), segment I hepatectomy (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.50–4.40), intraoperative blood transfusion (OR:2.40 95%CI:1.79–3.22), anatomical hepatectomy (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.19–2.44) and intraoperative bleeding ≥1,000 ml (OR: 2.46, 95% CI: 2.12–2.85) were risk factors for biliary leakage. Age &gt;75 years, cirrhosis, underlying liver disease, left hepatectomy, right hepatectomy, benign disease, Child–Pugh class A/B, and pre-operative albumin &lt;3.5 g/dL were not risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy without biliary reconstruction.Conclusion: Comprehensive research in the literature revealed that sex, diabetes, left trisectionectomy, central hepatectomy, extended hemihepatectomy, segment I hepatectomy, intraoperative blood transfusion, anatomical hepatectomy and intraoperative bleeding ≥1,000 ml were risk factors for biliary leakage.
Keterampilan Menulis Karangan Persuasi Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Think Talk Write dengan Media Poster
Authors: Octavia Wilda Ayu Hajar , Satrijono Hari , Hutama Fajar Surya , Haidar Dimas Abdi , Rukmana Linda Purnamasari 
Published: November 2021

Writing is a complex skill and is difficult for students to master well. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of Think Talk Write learning models with poster media on the writing skills of persuasion essay from fifth grade elementary school students. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test post-test control group. The sample in this study was VA and V class students of SDN Rambigundam 01 Jember. Collecting data in this study using interviews, tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique of student learning outcomes uses t-test. Based on the results of the t-test on the learning outcomes of students' persuasive essay writing skills, it is known that the value of tcount> ttable, (2.208> 2.0180), so it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted that the Think Talk Write learning model through poster media influences the writing skills of persuasion writing in the fifth grade students of SDN Rambigundam Jember 1. The results of the pretest and posttest activities also showed that the increase in the value of writing skills written by students in the experimental class was higher than the increase experienced by the control class. Difference in the increase in the average value experienced by the experimental class and control class by 3,7.

Menulis merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang kompleks dan sulit dikuasai siswa dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Think Talk Writedengan media poster terhadap keterampilan menulis karangan persuasi siswa kelas V SD. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen semu dengan desainpre-test post-test control group. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VA dan V B SDN Rambigundam 01 Jember. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara, tes, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisisdata hasil belajar siswa menggunakan uji t-test. Berdasarkan hasil uji-t terhadap hasil belajar keterampilan menulis karangan persuasif siswa, diketahui bahwa nilai thitung>ttabel, (2,208>2,0180), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hipotesis diterima yaitu model pembelajaran Think Talk Write melalui media poster berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan menulis karangan persuasi pada siswa kelas V SDN Rambigundam 01 Jember. Hasil kegiatan pretest dan posttest juga menunjukan bahwa peningkatan nilai keterampilan menulis karangan siswa di kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari pada peningkatan yang dialami kelas kontrol. Selisih peningkatan rata-rata nilai yang dialami kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol sebesar 3,7.
Food Waste Management: Suatu Studi Literatur
Authors: Sukismanto Sukismanto , Artha Bhenu 
Published: November 2021

Dampak negatif dari pemborosan makanan telah lama dikaitkan dengan hubungan erat antara makanan yang terbuang dan kerawanan pangan, mengingat secara global sepertiga dari makanan yang dihasilkan dari konsumsi manusia telah dibuang. Meskipun penelitian ilmiah dapat menginformasikan praktik pengurangan limbah makanan, sehingga memangkas biaya operasional dan menghemat sumber daya bisnis, operator jasa makanan takut akan potensi kerusakan reputasi yang ditimbulkan sebagai akibat dari pengungkapan data tentang jumlah makanan yang terbuang di tempat mereka. Oleh karena itu, untuk mendapatkan persetujuan dari penyedia jasa makanan maka untuk mengambil bagian dalam penelitian ilmiah tentang limbah makanan bisa menjadi sulit. Sebagian besar penyedia layanan makanan tidak dapat menugaskan anggota staf yang berdedikasi untuk mencatat pemborosan makanan karena kekurangan staf dan sibuk beroperasi pada layanan makanan. Keengganan industri untuk berkolaborasi dengan akademisi, menjelaskan mengapa kehadiran peneliti di dapur restoran dengan tujuan audit limbah makanan tidak selalu ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengelolaan limbah makanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 artikel penelitian yang diambil dari database Scopus. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengelolaan limbah makanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap pengelolaan sampah makanan, baik yang berpengaruh, berpengaruh negatif, bahkan tidak berpengaruh. Penelitian lain juga menunjukkan pengaruh pengelolaan limbah makanan terhadap variabel lain, yaitu sirkular bioekonomi.
Association between Tea-drinking Habits and Anemia on Pregnant Women in Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Sundari Sundari , Husnah Nurul , Sharief Suci Avnalurini , Alwi M. Akbar 
Published: November 2021

Background: The condition of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia is exacerbated by the habits of consuming tea. Anemia in pregnant women is still a health problem and a high-level cause of death that causes maternal bleeding indirectly. In Indonesia, tea is the most consumed beverage after water. The aroma of fragrant tea and its distinctive taste make this drink widely consumed. Tea can also be used as an antioxidant, improve skin, and slim the body. However, tea-drinking habits in pregnant women can affect the risk of anemia because tea contains tannins that can inhibit the absorption of iron.
Purpose: To analyze the association between tea-drinking habits and anemia on pregnant women in Makassar, Indonesia.
Methods: This was a quantitative study with cross-sectional design. The subject in this study was 36 pregnant women in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy that was chosen by accidental sampling. The analysis that used was chi-square test to examine the association between tea-drinking habits and anemia. A systematic questionnaire was used to collect data by interviewing respondents.
Result: Of the 36 pregnant women who always drink tea, 22 respondents (48%) had anemia and 14 respondents (30%) were not anemic. Meanwhile, of 10 respondents who did not have tea consumption habits, 6 respondents (13%) had anemia and 4 respondents (9%) did not suffer from anemia. Chi-square test showed p=1,000 (p>0,05), which means that there was no association between tea consumption and anemia.
Conclusion: Tea-drinking habit was not related to anemia in pregnant women in Makassar, Indonesia. Pregnant women may consume tea after eating but they need to control the interval, at least one hour after having a meal to avoid anemia.
THE WHISTLEBLOWING AS A CATALYST TO SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW
Authors: O. Babatunde Sodiq , Lateef Saheed Ademola , D. Olanipekun Wahid , B. Babalola Haorayau 
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Whistle-blowing activities around the world have generated huge interests from concerned parties such as the financial and public service, as the aftermath of its neglect often has dilapidating effects on the sustainability of economic growth and development of the nation. This is often seen in the 3rd world nations, such as Nigeria. This study aimed to examine the existing phenomenon between whistle-blowing, economic sustainability, growth and development of Nigeria. This study adopted the Theory of Planned Behavior. However, this was a literature review study that basically draws inferences from studies in this field from different continents (i.e. Europe, America, Asia and Africa). Consequently, the objective of this study was to conceptually investigate the whistle-blowing activities in Nigeria as to how it has assisted in curbing corruption in the public space in turn and improving the economic growth and development. In furtherance, this study reviewed events in African countries with close indexation with Nigeria. Therefore, this study concludes that whistle-blowing has a direct impact on sustainable economic growth and development of Nigeria. This is evident in the Transparency International index report. Lastly, this study recommends that whistleblowing policy should be properly implemented in public institutions to achieve minimum involvement of corruption in the country and that whistleblowers should be protected to encourage disclosure of corrupt acts in the public sector. This in turn will assist in the attainment of sustainable economic growth and development.
Keyword: Whistleblowing, sustainable economic growth, theory of planned behaviour
[RASM UTHMANI: COMPARISON OF AL-HAZF IN AL-QURAN AL-KARIM AND QURAN MAJID] RASM UTHMANI: PERBANDINGAN PRINSIP AL-HAZF DALAM AL-QURAN AL-KARIM DAN QURAN MAJID
Authors: Rajab Zamri , Ismail Mohd Rusli , Ahmad @ Mohammed Ahmad Amir Khan Shah 
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to dispel the confusion of students related to the knowledge of Rasm and Dhabt al-Quran among students of the Institute of Teacher Education, Sultan Mizan Campus.The confusion arises when they are unable to distinguish between the two disciplines of the Qur'an, namely, writing (rasm) and punctuation (dhabt). This paper solely focuses on the principle of al-hazf, which is one of the five principles in the method of Rasm Uthmani as agreed upon by scholars today. The sample of this study was selected based on the principle of purposive sampling, that is, a sample that is believed to be able to answer the research questions well. The results show that there is no difference in terms of writing in the two mashafs because each was written in accordance with the principles and methods of Rasm Uthmani. However, it is noted that there are differences in terms of punctuation in the two mashafs. The punctuation differences were employed to meet the needs of the readership where the Quran was printed and according to current development then.
Tulisan ini bermatlamat merungkai kekeliruan para pelajar berkaitan ilmu Rasm dan Dhabt al-Quran dalam kalangan pelajar Institut Pendidikan Guru Kampus Sultan Mizan. Kekeliruan tersebut timbul apabila mereka tidak dapat membezakan di antara dua disiplin ilmu al-Quran iaitu, tulisan (rasm) dan tanda bacaan (dhabt). Tulisan ini hanya memfokuskan kepada prinsip al-hazf, iaitu salah satu daripada lima prinsip dalam kaedah Rasm Uthmani sebagaimana yang disepakati oleh ulama pada masa kini. Sampel kajian ini dipilih berdasarkan prinsip pensampelan bertujuan, iaitu sampel yang diyakini boleh menjawab persoalan kajian ini dengan baik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan dari segi tulisan dalam kedua-dua mashaf kerana masing-masing ditulis menepati prinsip dan kaedah Rasm Uthmani. Manakala terdapat perbezaan dari segi tanda baca di dalam kedua-dua mashaf. Perbezaan tanda baca berkenaan dilakukan bagi memenuhi keperluan masyarakat pembaca di tempat al-Quran itu dicetak dan mengikut perkembangan semasa.