bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying eco‐friendly micellar liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of two ternary mixtures utilized for cold treatment using monolithic column
Authors: Abu El‐Enin Mohamed A. , Salem Yomna A. , El‐Ashry Saadia M. , Hammouda Mohammed E. A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRapid, isocratic, and sensitive micellar liquid chromatographic methods were developed successfully for the analysis of two ternary mixtures: phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHE), ibuprofen (IBU) and chlorpheniramine maleate (CP) (mixture I), and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE), IBU and CP (mixture II) in their synthetic mixtures and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Analytical separation was achieved in 7 min using monolithic column adopting UV detector at 233 and 218 nm for mixture I and II, respectively. For both mixtures, a micellar mobile phase solution composed of 0.15 M sodium dodecyl sulphate, 15% n‐propanol, and 0.3% triethylamine adjusted to pH 4.0 by 0.02 M phosphoric acid was utilized applying a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. The methods were fully validated in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The proposed methods were linear in the range of 0.5–20.0 μg/ml for PHE and 10.0–400.0 μg/ml for IBU, and CP 0.25–8.0 μg/ml (mixture I) and in the range of 3.0–60.0 μg/ml for PSE and 20.0–400.0 μg/ml for IBU, and CP 0.2–4.0 μg/ml (mixture II) and methanol was utilized as diluting solvent. Furthermore, the proposed methods exhibited good accuracy and repeatability (R.S.D. < 2.0%). The limits of detection were 0.07 (PHE), 1.85 (IBU), 0.04 (CP) for mixture I and were 0.41 (PSE), 2.37 (IBU), 0.02 (CP) for mixture II. The limits of quantitation were 0.22 (PHE), 5.61 (IBU), 0.12 (CP) for mixture I and were 1.24 (PSE), 7.17 (IBU), 0.07 (CP) for mixture II, respectively. The new chromatographic method could successfully substitute traditional hazardous liquid chromatographic methods for the separation of the provided polar compounds consuming lower percent of environmentally toxic organic solvents.
Serum nuclear factor IB as a novel and noninvasive indicator in the diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Yu Jian’gen , Song Yu , Yang Aihua , Zhang Xiaoyun , Li Lin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic renal failure (CRF) referred to chronic progressive renal parenchymal damage caused by various causes, with metabolite retention and imbalance of water, electrolyte, and acid‐base balance as the main clinical manifestations. Secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT) was a common complication in maintenance hemodialysis patients with CRF. Nuclear factor IB (NFIB) was a newly found tumor suppressor gene in various cancers. The present study aimed to illustrate the role of NFIB in sHPT clinical diagnosis and treatment response.MethodsA retrospective, case‐control study, including 189 patients with sHPT and 106 CRF patients without sHPT, compared with 95 controls. Serum NFIB and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels were measured by RT‐qPCR and ELISAs, respectively. ROC analysis was conducted to verify the diagnostic value of NFIB in sHPT. Spearman's correlation analysis was conducted to verify the association between NFIB and bone mineral density (BMD) scores. After 6 months of treatment, the variance of NFIB and 1,25(OH)2D3 in different groups was recorded.ResultsThe expression of NFIB was significantly lower in serum samples from sHPT and non‐sHPT CRF patients, compared to controls. Clinicopathological information verified sHPT was associated with NFIB, parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, serum phosphorus, time of dialysis, and serum 1,25(OH)2D3 levels. Spearman's correlation analysis illustrated the positive correlation between NFIB levels and BMD scores. At receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the cutoff of 1.6508 for NFIB was able to identify patients with sHPT from healthy controls; meanwhile, NFIB could also discriminate sHPT among CRF patients as well (cutoff = 1.4741). Furthermore, we found that during 6 months of treatment, NFIB levels were gradually increased, while PTH and serum P levels were decreased.ConclusionsSerum NFIB was a highly accurate tool to identify sHPT from healthy controls and CRF patients. Due to its simplicity, specificity, and sensitivity, this candidate can be proposed as a first‐line examination in the diagnostic workup in sHPT.
Self‐efficacy and coping style in Iraq and Afghanistan‐era veterans with and without mild traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Sakamoto McKenna S. , Merritt Victoria C. , Jurick Sarah M. , Crocker Laura D. , Hoffman Samantha N. , Jak Amy J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine self‐efficacy and coping style in combat‐exposed Veterans with and without mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) history and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).MethodsVeterans (N = 81) were categorized into four groups: comorbid mTBI and PTSD (n = 23), PTSD‐only (n = 16), mTBI‐only (n = 25), and combat‐exposed controls (n = 17). Outcomes included the Self‐Efficacy for Symptom Management Scale and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced.ResultsSignificant group effects were found on self‐efficacy and coping style, even when adjusting for total mTBIs and psychiatric comorbidities. Post‐hoc analyses revealed that the comorbid and PTSD‐only groups generally had lower self‐efficacy than the mTBI‐only and control groups and that the PTSD‐only group used less action‐focused coping than the mTBI‐only and control groups.ConclusionOur results suggest that self‐efficacy and coping style vary as a function of mTBI history and PTSD status and that it may be important to integrate these malleable factors into interventions for this population.
Gender as a moderator of the association of military sexual trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms
Authors: Tannahill Hallie S. , Fargo Jamison D. , Barrett Tyson S. , Blais Rebecca K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe current study examined the moderating role of gender on the association of military sexual trauma (MST) type (harassment‐only vs. assault) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) using the 6‐factor Anhedonia Model.MethodsParticipants were 1321 service members/veterans. Two‐part hurdle models assessed the moderating role of gender on the association of MST type with the presence (at least “moderate” symptoms endorsed within each cluster) or severity of PTSS and symptom clusters.ResultsAmong those who experienced assault MST, women were at higher risk for the presence of intrusive, avoidance, negative affect, and anhedonia symptoms, and higher risk for more severe negative affect symptoms. Among those who experienced harassment‐only MST, men were at higher risk of more severe PTSS symptoms overall and in the intrusive and dysphoric arousal symptom clusters. No other significant differences were observed.ConclusionsGathering information on MST type may be helpful in treatment planning.
Retracted: Formalizing the use of training methods in developing a career path
Authors: Shmelev Ilya M. , Petrovsky Vadim A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCoaching methods are aimed at motivating people to achieve career or social skills. Therewith, coaching acts only as an additional form of career development for persons engaged in certain professions. The novelty of the study lies in the need to apply coaching methods not only during the period of active career implementation, but also during its interruption. This study is aimed at implementing the program for the development of career competence, the main tasks of which are to independently regulate professional life in a wide range of development vectors. The leading methods are the theoretical method of analysis and empirical methods of questioning and observation, which allow to study the impact of coaching on a person's professional development. The study shows that career development opportunities should be based on the psychological readiness of a person and, if necessary, on the correction of such readiness by means of psychological methods.
Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Bedaquiline‐Clarithromycin for Dose Selection Against Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Based on a Phase 1, Randomized, Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Kurosawa Ken , Rossenu Stefaan , Biewenga Jeike , Ouwerkerk‐Mahadevan Sivi , Willems Wouter , Ernault Etienne , Kambili Chrispin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBased on the in vitro profile of bedaquiline against mycobacterial species, it is being investigated for clinical efficacy against pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (PNTM). Being a cytochrome P450 3A substrate, pharmacokinetic interactions of bedaquiline are anticipated with clarithromycin (a cytochrome P450 3A inhibitor), which is routinely used in pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria treatment. This phase 1, randomized, crossover study assessed the impact of steady‐state clarithromycin (500 mg every 12 hours for 14 days) on the pharmacokinetics of bedaquiline and its metabolite (M2) after single‐dose bedaquiline (100 mg; n  =  16). Using these data, population pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation analyses were performed to determine the effect of clarithromycin on steady‐state bedaquiline exposure. Although no effect was observed on maximum plasma concentration of bedaquiline and time to achieve maximum plasma concentration, its mean plasma exposure increased by 14% after 10 days of clarithromycin coadministration, with slower formation of M2. Simulations showed that bedaquiline plasma trough concentration at steady state was higher (up to 41% until week 48) with clarithromycin coadministration as compared to its monotherapy (400 mg once daily for 2 weeks, followed by 200 mg 3 times a week for 46 weeks; reference regimen). The overall exposure of a simulated bedaquiline regimen (400 mg once dialy for 2 weeks, followed by 200 mg twice a week for 46 weeks) with clarithromycin was comparable (<15% difference) to the monotherapy. Overall, combination of bedaquiline (400 mg once daily for 2 weeks, followed by 200 mg twice a week for 46 weeks) with clarithromycin seems a suitable regimen to be explored for efficacy and safety against pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria.
Novel alternative recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates from mixed microbial cultures using microwave‐assisted extraction
Authors: Bocaz‐Beltrán Jorge , Rocha Sebastián , Pinto‐Ibieta Fernanda , Ciudad Gustavo , Cea Mara 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a class of biodegradable biopolymers produced and accumulated by microorganisms. PHAs are recovered from microbial biomass through the stages of pretreatment, extraction and purification. An alternative recovery method is microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE), which involves the supply of energy through an electromagnetic field, generating high temperatures in reduced times. A study to evaluate the recovery of PHAs from mixed microbial cultures was conducted using MAE. This method was evaluated through a four‐factorial experimental design, with the efficiency as the evaluated response. PHAs were also recovered using conventional heat extraction as control.RESULTSIt was found that the highest efficiency achieved using MAE was 68 ± 1.2% (w/w), which was close to the 66 ± 5.3% (w/w) obtained using conventional heat extraction. The following combination of factors corresponded to the optimum conditions of experimental design: extraction time of 1 min, temperature of 130 °C, chloroform‐to‐methanol ratio of 1:1 and solvent‐to‐biomass ratio of 20 volumes. The efficiency increased substantially when the solvent‐to‐biomass ratio and chloroform‐to‐methanol ratio increased, although the temperature was the least significant factor. Functional groups, decomposition temperatures (263–309 °C) and melting point (158 °C) of MAE‐recovered PHAs were similar to those measured for commercial poly[(3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐co‐(3‐hydroxyvalerate)].CONCLUSIONSMAE is a never‐before‐reported useful method for recovering PHAs from mixed microbial cultures, which provides for a high extraction efficiency and quality of the recovered biopolymers. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Phosphate‐imprinted polymer as an efficient modifier for the design of ion‐selective electrode
Authors: Birlik Özkütük Ebru , Yıldız Burak , Gündüz Murat , Hür Evrim 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, the ion‐selective electrode (ISE) based on ion‐imprinted polymer (IIP) for the determination of phosphate has been described. For selective recognition of IIP, phosphate (analyte–template), chitosan and N‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐3‐aminopropyl‐trimethoxysilan (AAPTS) (functional monomers), ephychlorohydrin and tetraethoxysilicate (TEOS) (cross‐linking agents) were used.RESULTSThe electrode was prepared using the IIP. The IIP‐1‐, IIP‐2‐ and IIP‐3‐based membranes showed a detection limit of 7.6 × 10−6, 5.1 × 10−6 and 2.5.10−7 mol L−1, respectively. Attractive features of these IIP‐based ion‐selective electrodes are a rather low detection limit and high selectivity compared with other phosphate molecules.CONCLUSIONThe proposed method has been applied successfully to analyze phosphate in household waste samples with recoveries of ≥90%. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Primary care physicians’ narratives on COVID‐19 responses in Japan: Professional roles evoked under a pandemic
Authors: Haruta Junji , Horiguchi Sachiko , Miyachi Junichiro , Teruyama Junko , Kimura Shuhei , Iida Junko , Ozone Sachiko , Goto Ryohei , Kaneko Makoto , Hama Yusuke 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundWithin the vague system of primary care and COVID‐19 infection control in Japan, we explored how primary care (PC) physicians exhibited adaptive performance in their institutions and communities to cope with the COVID‐19 pandemic from January to May 2020.MethodsNarrative analysis conducted by a team of medical professionals and anthropologists. We purposefully selected 10 PC physicians in community‐based hospitals and clinics and conducted a total of 17 individual and group interviews. The verbatim transcript data were analyzed using the conceptual framework of adaptive performance.ResultsWe identified three “phases” of the time period (January–May 2020). In Phase 1, PC physicians initially perceived the disease as a problem unrelated to them. In Phase 2, the Diamond Princess outbreak triggered adaptive performance of the physicians, who began to deal with medical issues related to COVID‐19 by using social networking services and applying the collected information to their organization and/or communities. Following this, in Phase 3, the PC physicians’ adaptive performance in their own communities and institutions emerged in the face of the pandemic. Reflecting their sensitivity to local context, the PC physicians were seen to exhibit adaptive performance through dealing with context‐dependent problems and relationships.ConclusionsPC physicians exhibited adaptive performance in the course of coping with the realities of COVID‐19 in shifting phases and in differing localities in the early stages of the pandemic. The trajectories of adaptive performance in later stages of the pandemic remain to be seen.
Multi‐biomarker panel prediction model for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Lee Doo‐Ho , Yoon Woongchang , Lee Areum , Han Youngmin , Byun Yoonhyeong , Kang Jae Seung , Kim Hongbeom , Kwon Wooil , Suh Young‐Ah , Choi Yonghwan , Namkung Junghyun , Han Sangjo , Yi Sung Gon , Heo Jin Seok , Han In Woong , Park Joon Oh , Park Joo Kyung , Kim Song Cheol , Jun Eunsung , Kang Chang Moo , Lee Woo Jin , Lee Hyeon Kook , Lee Huisong , Lee Seungyeoun , Jeong Seung‐Yong , Lee Kyu Eun , Han Wonshik , Park Taesung , Jang Jin‐Young 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground/PurposeThe current study aimed to develop a prediction model using a multi‐marker panel as a diagnostic screening tool for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.MethodsMulti‐center cohort of 1991 blood samples were collected from January 2011 to September 2019, of which 609 were normal, 145 were other cancer (colorectal, thyroid, and breast cancer), 314 were pancreatic benign disease, and 923 were pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The automated multi‐biomarker Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay kit was developed using three potential biomarkers: LRG1, TTR, and CA 19‐9. Using a logistic regression model on a training data set, the predicted values for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were obtained, and the result was classification into one of the three risk groups: low, intermediate, and high. The five covariates used to create the model were sex, age, and three biomarkers.ResultsParticipants were categorized into four groups as normal (n = 609), other cancer (n = 145), pancreatic benign disease (n = 314), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (n = 923). The normal, other cancer, and pancreatic benign disease groups were clubbed into the non‐pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma group (n = 1068). The positive and negative predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity were 94.12, 90.40, 93.81, and 90.86, respectively.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a significant diagnostic performance of the multi‐marker panel in distinguishing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from normal and benign pancreatic disease states, as well as patients with other cancers.
Synthesis, cytotoxicity assessment and antioxidant activity of some new thiazol‐2‐yl carboxamides
Authors: Sofan Mamdouh A. , El‐Mekabaty Ahmed , Hasel Ali M. , Said Samy B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDependence on the biological activity of 2‐aminothiazole, the synthesis and chemical reactions of ethyl 3‐oxo‐3‐(thiazol‐2‐ylamino)propanoate (1) with some different reagents were described for cytotoxic and antioxidant evaluation. The new derivatives 2–19 could be synthesized and characterized by correct analytical and spectral data. In addition to the thiazole ring, these compounds contain 2H‐1,2,3‐triazole (3), 1H‐pyrazole (5, 12), 1,3‐dithiane (7), benzothiazole (10), thiazolidine (13), thiazolidinone (14, 15), 2H‐chromene (17), pyridine (19) moieties. The preparation of compounds 2–19 was performed through the formation of the isolable 2‐(2‐phenylhydrazineylidene) 2, 2‐dimethylaminomethylidene 4, 2‐phenylcarbamothioyl 9, 2‐(methylthio)(phenylamino) methylidene 11 and non‐isolable potassium bis(thiolate) 6, potassium thiolate 8 intermediates from precursor 1. The activity of these derivatives 1–19 against human lung fibroblast (WI38) and human prostate cancer (PC3) were examined in vitro using the MTT assay. The assessment of their antioxidant activities was carried out by following the ABTS method to evaluate their pharmaceutical importance.
Design, syntheses and antitumor activities evaluation of 1,5‐diaryl substituted pyrazole secnidazole ester derivatives
Authors: Teng Qing‐Hu , Sun Gui‐Xia , Luo Shu‐Ying , Wang Kai , Liang Fu‐Pei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAccording to the drug hybridization principle, a series of novel 1,5‐diaryl substituted pyrazole secnidazole ester derivatives (6aa–6gc) have been synthesized by the combinations of various 1,5‐diarylpyrazole‐3‐carboxylic acids with secnidazole. The in vitro antitumor/cytotoxicities activities against tumor and normal cell lines, including NCI‐H460 (lung tumor cell), MCG‐803 (gastric tumor cell), Skov‐3 (ovarian tumor cell), BEL‐7404 (liver tumor cell) and HL‐7702 (normal liver cell), have been evaluated using MTT assay. All compounds showed promising inhibitory activities against four tumor cell lines. The IC50 of 6bc against the BEL‐7404 cell was 2.03 μM, and those of 6fc against the NCI‐H460, MCG‐803 and Skov‐3 were 1.34, 0.14, and 0.87 μM, respectively. All these values were much lower than those of the cisplatin. Furthermore, 6fc and 6bc were also verified to be considerably safe for normal human liver cell, since the lower IC50 values than cisplatin. Based on these results, the cell cycle analysis, apoptosis ratio detection and mitochondrial membrane potential assay of 6fc and 6bc were further performed aiming to investigate their inhibition mechanism of BEL‐7404 cells. It is revealed that they have effectively inhibited the cell growth by arresting the BEL‐7404 cells at S phase and induced apoptosis through the mitochondria‐mediated pathway.
Phylogeny and evolutionary history of the amniote egg
Authors: Starck J. Matthias , Stewart James R. , Blackburn Daniel G. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe review morphological features of the amniote egg and embryos in a comparative phylogenetic framework, including all major clades of extant vertebrates. We discuss 40 characters that are relevant for an analysis of the evolutionary history of the vertebrate egg. Special attention is given to the morphology of the cellular yolk sac, the eggshell, and extraembryonic membranes. Many features that are typically assigned to amniotes, such as a large yolk sac, delayed egg deposition, and terrestrial reproduction have evolved independently and convergently in numerous clades of vertebrates. We use phylogenetic character mapping and ancestral character state reconstruction as tools to recognize sequence, order, and patterns of morphological evolution and deduce a hypothesis of the evolutionary history of the amniote egg. Besides amnion and chorioallantois, amniotes ancestrally possess copulatory organs (secondarily reduced in most birds), internal fertilization, and delayed deposition of eggs that contain an embryo in the primitive streak or early somite stage. Except for the amnion, chorioallantois, and amniote type of eggshell, these features evolved convergently in almost all major clades of aquatic vertebrates possibly in response to selective factors such as egg predation, hostile environmental conditions for egg development, or to adjust hatching of young to favorable season. A functionally important feature of the amnion membrane is its myogenic contractility that moves the (early) embryo and prevents adhering of the growing embryo to extraembryonic materials. This function of the amnion membrane and the liquid‐filled amnion cavity may have evolved under the requirements of delayed deposition of eggs that contain developing embryos. The chorioallantois is a temporary embryonic exchange organ that supports embryonic development. A possible evolutionary scenario is that the amniote egg presents an exaptation that paved the evolutionary pathway for reproduction on land. As shown by numerous examples from anamniotes, reproduction on land has occurred multiple times among vertebrates—the amniote egg presenting one “solution” that enabled the conquest of land for reproduction.