bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining Blood Gene Expression and Cellfree DNA to Diagnose Subclinical Rejection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Park Sookhyeon , Guo Kexin , Heilman Raymond L. , Poggio Emilio D. , Taber David J. , Marsh Christopher L. , Kurian Sunil M. , Kleiboeker Steve , Weems Juston , Holman John , Zhao Lihui , Sinha Rohita , Brietigam Susan , Rebello Christabel , Abecassis Michael M. , Friedewald John J. 
Published: October 2021

Background and objectives
Subclinical acute rejection is associated with poor outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. As an alternative to surveillance biopsies, noninvasive screening has been established with a blood gene expression profile. Donor-derived cellfree DNA (cfDNA) has been used to detect rejection in patients with allograft dysfunction but not tested extensively in stable patients. We hypothesized that we could complement noninvasive diagnostic performance for subclinical rejection by combining a donor-derived cfDNA and a gene expression profile assay.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We performed a post hoc analysis of simultaneous blood gene expression profile and donor-derived cfDNA assays in 428 samples paired with surveillance biopsies from 208 subjects enrolled in an observational clinical trial (Clinical Trials in Organ Transplantation-08). Assay results were analyzed as binary variables, and then, their continuous scores were combined using logistic regression. The performance of each assay alone and in combination was compared.

Results
For diagnosing subclinical rejection, the gene expression profile demonstrated a negative predictive value of 82%, a positive predictive value of 47%, a balanced accuracy of 64%, and an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.75. The donor-derived cfDNA assay showed similar negative predictive value (84%), positive predictive value (56%), balanced accuracy (68%), and area under the receiver operating curve (0.72). When both assays were negative, negative predictive value increased to 88%. When both assays were positive, positive predictive value increased to 81%. Combining assays using multivariable logistic regression, area under the receiver operating curve was 0.81, significantly higher than the gene expression profile (P<0.001) or donor-derived cfDNA alone (P=0.006). Notably, when cases were separated on the basis of rejection type, the gene expression profile was significantly better at detecting cellular rejection (area under the receiver operating curve, 0.80 versus 0.62; P=0.001), whereas the donor-derived cfDNA was significantly better at detecting antibody-mediated rejection (area under the receiver operating curve, 0.84 versus 0.71; P=0.003).

Conclusions
A combination of blood-based biomarkers can improve detection and provide less invasive monitoring for subclinical rejection. In this study, the gene expression profile detected more cellular rejection, whereas donor-derived cfDNA detected more antibody-mediated rejection.
Strategies to Prevent Acute Kidney Injury after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Van den Eynde Jef , Cloet Nicolas , Van Lerberghe Robin , Sá Michel Pompeu B.O. , Vlasselaers Dirk , Toelen Jaan , Verbakel Jan Y. , Budts Werner , Gewillig Marc , Kutty Shelby , Pottel Hans , Mekahli Djalila 
Published: October 2021

Background and objectives
AKI is a common complication after pediatric cardiac surgery and has been associated with higher morbidity and mortality. We aimed to compare the efficacy of available pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies to prevent AKI after pediatric cardiac surgery.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and reference lists of relevant articles were searched for randomized controlled trials from inception until August 2020. Random effects traditional pairwise, Bayesian network meta-analyses, and trial sequential analyses were performed.

Results
Twenty randomized controlled trials including 2339 patients and 11 preventive strategies met the eligibility criteria. No overall significant differences were observed compared with control for corticosteroids, fenoldopam, hydroxyethyl starch, or remote ischemic preconditioning in traditional pairwise meta-analysis. In contrast, trial sequential analysis suggested a 80% relative risk reduction with dexmedetomidine and evidence of <57% relative risk reduction with remote ischemic preconditioning. Nonetheless, the network meta-analysis was unable to demonstrate any significant differences among the examined treatments, including also acetaminophen, aminophylline, levosimendan, milrinone, and normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Surface under the cumulative ranking curve probabilities showed that milrinone (76%) was most likely to result in the lowest risk of AKI, followed by dexmedetomidine (70%), levosimendan (70%), aminophylline (59%), normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (57%), and remote ischemic preconditioning (55%), although all showing important overlap.

Conclusions
Current evidence from randomized controlled trials does not support the efficacy of most strategies to prevent AKI in the pediatric population, apart from limited evidence for dexmedetomidine and remote ischemic preconditioning.
A STRUCTURED FRAMEWORK FOR RELIABILITY AND RISK EVALUATION IN THE MILK PROCESS INDUSTRY UNDER FUZZY ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Gopal Nand , Panchal Dilbagh 
Published: October 2021

This paper aims at proposing a novel integrated framework for studying reliability and risk issues of the curd unit in a milk process industry under uncertain environment. The considered plant’s complex series-parallel configuration was presented using the Petri Net (PN) modeling. The Fuzzy Lambda-Tau (λ-τ) approach was applied to study and analyze the reliability aspects of the considered plant. Failure dynamics of the curd unit has been analyzed with respect to increasing/ decreasing trends of the tabulated reliability indices. Availability of the considered plant shows a decreasing trend with an increase in spread values. For improving the system’s availability, a risk analysis was done to identify the most critical failure causes. Using the traditional FMEA approach, the FMEA sheet was generated on the basis of expert’s knowledge/experience. The Fuzzy-Complex Proportional Assessment (FCOPRAS) approach was applied within FMEA approach for identification of critical failure causes associated with different subsystem/components of the considered plant. In order to check the consistency of the ranking results, the Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) was applied within the FCOPRAS approach. Ranking results are compared for checking consistency and robustness of critical failure causes related decision making which would be useful in designing the finest maintenance schedule for the considered curd unit. Overheating/moisture lead to winding failure (MSCP5), visible sediment of milk jam in filter (MBFP3), improper quality of oil (H4), blade breakage (CTK4), wearing in gears (PFM11), and cylinder leakage (CFM7) were recognized as the most critical failure causes contributing to system unavailability. The analysis results were supplied to the maintenance manager for framing a suitable time-based maintenance intervals policy for the considered unit.
FRACTAL APPROACH TO MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE/SIC COMPOSITES
Authors: Zuo Yu-Ting , Liu Hong-Jun 
Published: October 2021

Graphene and carbon nanotubes have a Steiner minimum tree structure, which endows them with extremely good mechanical and electronic properties. A modified Hall-Petch effect is proposed to reveal the enhanced mechanical strength of the SiC/graphene composites, and a fractal approach to its mechanical analysis is given. Fractal laws for the electrical conductivity of graphene, carbon nanotubes and graphene/SiC composites are suggested using the two-scale fractal theory. The Steiner structure is considered as a cascade of a fractal pattern. The theoretical results show that the two-scale fractal dimensions and the graphene concentration play an important role in enhancing the mechanical and electrical properties of graphene/SiC composites. This paper sheds a bright light on a new era of the graphene-based materials.
As startups no ordenamento jurídico: uma leitura comparada dos ecossistemas de startups na Argentina, no Chile e no Brasil
Authors: Iana Matos Anunciação Ingrid , Andrade Fernandes Gabriela 
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo buscar possíveis soluções para os obstáculos legislativos e culturais que as startups enfrentam no Brasil, por meio de uma na álise teórica e comparada dos institutos jurídicos e costumes empresariais dos ecossistemas jurídicos em que as empresas de caráter inovador argentinas e chilenas estão inseridas. Pretende, também, evidenciar a necessidade de modernização das legislações que influenciam na dinâmica das startups, bem como de estimular o fomento e o auxílio governamental às atividades empresariais inovadoras de pequeno e médio porte no Brasil, além de apresentar os principais conceitos caracterizadores dessas empresas, sua dinâmica e importância no cenário empresarial globalizado.
ESCOLA PÚBLICA, FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E AS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA
Authors: Félix Carlos Marcelo Cavalheiro 
Published: October 2021

Este artigo configura-se um breve estudo de cunho qualitativo, com caráter analítico, tendo aporte na leitura de bibliografias e na análise sociológica inspirada nas percepções de Bauman (2001, 2008a e 2008b). Os teóricos Bazzo & Andreatta-da-Costa (2019), Canário (2005), Kenski (2012), Sancho (2006) e Libâneo (2020) contribuem para o ambiente da discussão tencionando o olhar para a formação docente, tanto inicial quanto continuada, em perspectiva humanizada face as suas ações na e no pós-pandemia. Sua finalidade está em refletir o tema da formação docente confrontada com o uso das ferramentas tecnológicas digitais, mediante o contexto atual da pandemia. No entanto, entende-se que: a) do ponto de vista do homem líquido-moderno, a educação brasileira se configura na condição de produto para o mercado capitalista, objetificando as suas práticas no tempo-espaço agorista, fluido e liquidado; b) há necessidade de rever as ações pedagógicas, no contexto da pandemia; c) a escola pública brasileira, recebe como desafio formar o corpo docente buscando sensibilizá-lo para o uso das ferramentas tecnológicas digitais; d) considerando que as ações humanizadoras são indispensáveis nas práticas cotidianas da escola pública torna-se pertinente os espaços reflexivos e dialógicos ensejando a continuidade das aprendizagens escolares.
Consumo de antimicrobianos em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatais: resistência bacteriana x ações de racionalização
Authors: Oliveira Cinara Rejane 
Published: October 2021

Os antimicrobianos estão entre os medicamentos mais prescritos nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatais (UTIN). Assim, é necessário um maior controle em sua utilização devido principalmente ao favorecimento do aumento da resistência bacterina. O “Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP)” é um programa de gerenciamento de antimicrobianos que consiste em um conjunto de intervenções coordenadas, com o objetivo de melhorar e medir o uso adequado dos antimicrobianos. No Brasil, a Gerência de Vigilância e Monitoramento em Serviços de Saúde (GVIMS), em conjunto com a Gerência Geral de Tecnologia em Serviços de Saúde (GGTES), e a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), adaptando o citado programa à realidade do Brasil, elaborou a Diretriz Nacional para Elaboração de Programa de Gerenciamento do Uso de Antimicrobianos em Serviços de Saúde. Nessa diretriz estão abordadas ações que devem ser implantadas nas unidades de saúde que visam ao uso racional de antimicrobianos. Considerando a necessidade de atenção nesse contexto, esse trabalho irá abordar ações que visem à redução do uso incorreto de antimicrobianos descritas na literatura e que podem ser implantadas no contexto das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatais.
Plasticizing Properties Improvement of Poly (4-Vinylpyridine)/Clay Composites: Effect of Composition and Clay Nature
Authors: Dergal Fayçal , Lerari Djahida , Bachari Khaldoun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A significant number of investigations have been reported on the elaboration and characterization of Polymer/Clays composites, via different methods. In our work, new composites materials were successfully prepared by in-situ polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP), in presence of two different types of Algerian modified clays (Maghnia and Mostaganem), noted (BC) and (MC), respectively. Different percentage clays (1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt%) have been used. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis reveals the variation of glass transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymer in the composite materials. We show a decrease glass transition temperature (Tg) from 147°C to 131°C for P4VP-BC and from 147°C to 124°C for P4VP-MC according to the increase percentage of clays. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows good stability of composite materials at high temperature. Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and 1H NMR spectroscopy are used to show the presence of the clays in the materials.
Current and novel pharmacological therapeutic approaches in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. A brief review
Authors: Rusz Carmen-Maria , Jîtcă George , Miklos Amalia , Bătrînu Mădălina-Georgiana , Ősz Bianca Eugenia , Imre Silvia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective: Although not highly prevalent among the general population, post-traumatic stress disorder is a serious psychiatric condition, associated with co-morbidities, mortality and high suicide rates. Currently, there are few approved pharmacological therapies, which count as second-line, augmented to psychotherapy. Studies from the literature emphasize the need for novel treatment options, due to high relapse rates and patients that do not achieve remission. This study provides an overview over the pharmacological treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, from a neurobiological perspective.

Methods: A systematic research has been conducted through PubMed, PLOS one, Cochrane library and Google Scholar databases.

Results: The neurobiological mechanisms which underlies the symptomatology are not fully elucidated. In the present, some theories involved in the onset/ manifestation are formulated (serotonergic, noradrenergic, glutamatergic, GABA-ergic, endocannabinoid) and the current therapy aims to modulate these neurotransmissions. In light of the studies along the years, a line should be drawn between the drugs acting on reducing the anxiety only and those that exhibit dual effect i.e. reducing the anxiety and affecting the memory reconsolidation processes. Although labelled as recreational drugs rather than compounds with intended therapeutic effects, cannabidiol and 3,4-methylenedioximethamphetamine appear to be the most promising from the perspective of efficacy and benefit-risk ratio.

Conclusion: Preclinical studies come with acceptable results, yet clinical trials are controversial and heterogeneous, given the small population size. Given the seriousness of post-traumatic stress disorder, the attempts to find effective and safe treatment in a context that lacks appropriate therapeutic approaches should be encouraged.
Evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal properties of selected mouthwashes: in vitro studies
Authors: Olejnik Ewa , Biernasiuk Anna , Malm Anna , Szymanska Jolanta 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction. Mouthwashes should include antimicrobial compounds to inhibit microorganism multiplication, thus the formation and development of dental plaque.

Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal effectiveness of mouthwashes depending on their active ingredients.

Material and methods. In the study, the effect of antibacterial and antifungal properties of mouthwashes on reference bacterial and yeast-like fungi strains was examined. The first type of the assessed mouthwashes contained only sodium fluoride or sodium fluoride and amine fluoride as active ingredients, while the second type contained sodium fluoride and cetylpyridinium chloride.
In the study, a well diffusion method was used to test microorganisms constituting natural or pathogenic microflora of oral mucosa. The used reference microorganisms came from the ATCC: L. acidophilus ATCC 4356, Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103, S. mutans ATCC 25175, and Candida yeasts: C. albicans ATCC 2091, C. albicans ATCC 10231, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019, Candida glabrata ATCC 90030, Candida krusei ATCC 14243.

Results. The mouthwashes containing sodium fluoride and cetylpyridinium chloride showed an inhibitory effect against a greater number of reference strains used in the study than did mouthwashes that contained only sodium fluoride (or sodium fluoride and amine fluoride) as active ingredients. Against the four reference strains of Candida genus, the mouthwashes with an inorganic and organic fluoride compound showed no or minimum inhibitory effect or were much less effective than the mouthwashes that also contained cetylpyridinium chloride.

Conclusion. Mouthwashes containing multiple ingredients with different antimicrobial mechanisms show synergistic action against the bacterial and fungal microflora responsible for the accumulation of dental plague.
G-tridiagonal majorization on M
n,m
Authors: Mohammadhasani Ahmad , Sayyari Yamin , Sabzvari Mahdi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
For X, Y ∈ M
n,m
, it is said that X is g-tridiagonal majorized by Y (and it is denoted by X ≺gt Y) if there exists a tridiagonal g-doubly stochastic matrix A such that X = AY. In this paper, the linear preservers and strong linear preservers of ≺gt
are characterized on M
n,m
.
A non-linear discrete-time dynamical system related to epidemic SISI model
Authors: Shoyimardonov Sobirjon K. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We consider SISI epidemic model with discrete-time. The crucial point of this model is that an individual can be infected twice. This non-linear evolution operator depends on seven parameters and we assume that the population size under consideration is constant, so death rate is the same with birth rate per unit time. Reducing to quadratic stochastic operator (QSO) we study the dynamical system of the SISI model.
Lime kilns as an element of the post-industrial cultural landscape of the Silesian Upland, Poland
Authors: Hibszer Adam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the Silesian Upland in southern Poland there are many objects related to previous economic activities, mainly from the mining of minerals occurring in a geological basis. In Mikołów Mokre there is the largest group of closed lime kilns in Poland. They constitute a material trace of the quicklime production industry for the construction industry, which operated in this area for almost 200 years. These closed and decaying post-industrial objects are closely related to the presence of limestone and dolomite in the substrate rocks that were obtained from nearby quarries. The aim of the article was to present the current state of these lime kilns and to assess the possibility of using them for tourism purposes. Currently, only two lime kilns are components of the educational trail of the Silesian Botanical Garden established in 2003. Using the example of the Mikołów lime kilns, the opportunities and possibilities for changing the industrial function of these objects to a tourist function are outlined.
Corrosion behaviour of the NiTiX (X = Si, Mg, Al) alloy prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
Authors: Alferi D. , Hybášek V. , Novák P. , Fojt J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The NiTi alloys are used in the biomaterial field, because of their shape memory, superelasticity, and good corrosion resistance. The influence of alloying elements on the corrosion behaviour of NiTi was studied in this research. Samples were made by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method, milled, and then sintered by the spark plasma sintering method. Si, Mg, and Al were used as alloying elements always in 5 wt.%. Studied materials were compared with reference cast NiTi. Polarization resistance was measured after 1 and 12 hours of stabilization in phosphate-buffered saline. It was found out that alloying elements do not have a clear effect on polarization resistance. Si increased Rp and on the other hand, Al decreased it. Measurement of cyclic potentiodynamic polarization in PBS was conducted, too. All studied samples showed signs of localized corrosion. Corrosion was probably initiated in pores, which are presented on the surface due to used manufacturing technology.
KEHEMATAN KALIMAT PADA JUDUL ARTIKEL TUGAS MATA KULIAH KAPITA SELEKTA DENGAN MODEL PORTOFOLIO
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul , Anwar Syamsul 
Published: October 2021

FRUGALITY OF SENTENCE IN KAPITA SELEKTA TITLE DUTY ARTICLES WITH PORTFOLIO MODELÂ Abstract Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The Kapita Selekta course is a course that is intended for fifth semester students (five). The course is a very complex subject because the content and essence of the course discusses all in Indonesian. The purpose of this study is to describe the pattern of making semi-scientific article titles in the Indonesian language course and to describe the economics of making titles in semi-scientific articles on Kapita Selekta courses in the 5th semester of the Indonesian Education Study Program at the Pancasakti University in Tegal. Based on the analysis carried out there are results that have been presented, namely the element of economics which includes four aspects which can be seen from the percentage that has been calculated. Aspect of misinformation 40%, superordinate hypernim 32%, plural words 24% and repetition of subjects 4%. It is seen that those who occupy the element of non-health in the title of semi-scientific articles in the Indonesian selective course, namely aspects of the use of synonyms, occur because the author wants to emphasize the idea that the titles written or chosen can attract readers, but because synonymy and diction are lacking accordingly it should be avoided, for the good of the reader in understanding the reading title.Â Keywords: Frugality, Kapita Selekta, IndonesianÂ
Konstruksi Teori Pendidikan Berbasis Filsafat Jawa Kuno ( Studi Analisis Dokumenter Berdasarkan Kitab Sang Hyang Tatwa Jnana Dan Sang Hyang Nawa Ruci )
Authors: Susongko Purwo 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun rumusan filsafat dan konstruksi teori pendidikan yang berbasis pada kitab filsafat Jawa Kuno, Sang Hyang Tatwa Jnana dan Sang Hyang Nawa Ruci. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian tersebut, dilakukan dengan mengkaji serta menyusun rumusan filsafat dan teori pendidikan yang bersumber dari filsafat Jawa kuno. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis dokumen. Dokumen yang yang digunakan adalah kitab Sang Hyang Tatwajnana dan Sang Hyang Nawa Ruciyang disusun dan di interprestasikan kembali oleh Damar Shashangka dalam bukunya yang berjudul Ilmu Jawa Kuno. Teori Pendidikan Jawa Kuno dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut: (1) tujuan umum pendidikan adalah melepas egoisme , keserakahan, dan kebencian, (2) Siswa mempunyai kemampuan potensial yang berasal dari pengalaman yang diperoleh dari kelahiran –kelahiran sebelumnya (reinkarnasi), (3) Isi pendidikan terbagi atas dua yaitu softskill dan hardskill. Softskill merupakan pembelajaran yang berkaitan dengan kesadaran, persepsi dan afektif sedangkan hardskill berkaitan dengan kemampuan kognitif dan psikomotor untuk menunjang terpenuhinya kebutuhan hidup, (4) Guru yang ideal pada umumnya adalah orang yang telah mencapai kedewasaan ditandai dengan karakter Satva (stabil dan tenang), (5) Strategi pembelajaran berbasis pada penggunaan meditasi untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar , (6) Ada 5 dimensi yang harus dikembangkan dalam proses pendidikan yaitu kesadaran, persepsi , kognitif , afektif dan psikomotor . Teori pendidikan Jawa Kuno juga dapat menjelaskan hubungan 5 aspek dimensi kemampuan manusia tersebut.