bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocular adnexal lymphoma – A single-center observational study of survival outcomes
Authors: Saraswathi Karuvel Kannan , Saini Pragya , Santhi Radhakrishnan , Muthukkaruppan Veerappan , Vanniarajan Ayyasamy , Kim Usha 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
This study aims to comprehensively characterize the clinical, demographic, and histopathological features of ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL) and assess their impact on patients’ survival outcomes.

Methods:
A total of 123 patients were included in the study; of these, 93 patients were selected for survival analysis. Survival data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier test, and correlation was assessed through the log-rank test and Cox regression analysis.

Results:
The median age at presentation was 56 years. Furthermore, 98% of patients had primary OAL. The orbit was the most common site of involvement. The majority of patients were of B-cell origin (98%), and only 2% of patients had T-cell lymphoma. In addition, 83% of patients were treated with chemotherapy, and with a median follow-up of 38 months, complete remission was achieved in 48% of patients. The median progression-free survival was 26.4 months. The presence of disseminated disease was strongly linked to an unfavorable prognosis (P < 0.001) and reduced survival (P = 0.037).

Conclusion:
The 5-year overall survival of the entire study cohort was 81%. The prognosis for OAL is found to be favorable, but the presence of dissemination serves as a notable predictor for poor prognosis.
Evaluation of change in the contact of IOL with the posterior capsule with respect to the orientation of haptics of the IOL using intraoperative spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: Shetty Naren , Patel Yash , Ranade Reshma , Jain Akash , Narasimhan Raghav , Bansod Apurva , Nuijts Rudy 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To study change in the contact of intraocular lens (IOL) with the posterior capsule with respect to the vertical versus horizontal orientation of the haptic–optic junction of the IOL using intraoperative spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods:
Fifty eyes of 50 patients with senile immature cataract underwent topical phacoemulsification procedure with implantation of a monofocal IOL by a single experienced surgeon. The Rescan 700 SD-OCT system was used for intraoperative imaging. These patients were imaged using intraoperative SD-OCT after implantation of IOL, with the haptics oriented horizontally and then vertically.

Results:
The vertical height between the posterior surface of the lens capsule and the posterior surface of IOL reduced significantly when the haptics were oriented vertically compared to horizontal orientation. This difference was found on analyzing both vertical as well as horizontal axis scans.

Conclusion:
We found a greater contact between the posterior capsule and the posterior surface of IOL, with the haptic optic junction of the IOL oriented vertically. This study also suggests the need for newer toric IOL designs which allow vertical orientation of haptics, leading to better contact between IOL and the bag.
Forensic Analysis and Removal of Date-Rape Drug Present in the Spiked Drinks
Authors: Prabha Murugan Aadolin , Nesaraj Arputharaj Samson , Arunkumar Manasai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Beverages play a positive role in a balanced diet. Beverages can provide an enjoyable and refreshing mind to reach a particular target. In beverages, date-rape drugs, such as Rohypnol, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, and ketamine, were usually added to make victims to become weak, confused, unconscious, and vulnerable.

Aims and Objectives:
The aims and objectives of the research work are to analyze the beverages, viz., Sprite, Coca-Cola and Coffee by analytical techniques and to degrade the date-rape drug present in the beverages by photocatalysis using activated carbon as the photocatalyst material.

Materials and Methods:
The drug (clonazepam) and beverages used in the research work were analyzed using FTIR, UV and HPLC techniques.

Results:
From the FTIR, in beverages (Sprite and Coca-Cola), the peaks corresponding to C-O and O-H functional groups confirmed the presence of CO2 and H2O and in Coffee, the presence of νas (COC) and νs (COC) vibration bands is found out. The UV-visible analysis confirmed the λmax value for activated carbon as 251 nm. Under visible light and activated carbon photocatalyst, 53.57% of drug molecule was degraded from coca cola which was found to be highest than other beverages. The degradation of drug molecule was also confirmed by the reduction in the peak area for a particular retention time through HPLC analysis.

Conclusion:
Photocatalysis can be effectively used to remove any drug present in the spike drinks.
Comprehensive Analysis of Detection Methods for Over-the-counter Codeine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ravindran Anagha , Sharma Tina , Sankhla Mahipal Singh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Concerns have been raised about how readily available over-the-counter (OTC) codeine formulations may be contributing to the expanding opioid epidemic. Focusing on the analytical methods used to find and measure codeine in various sample types, this systematic review provides a thorough analysis of OTC codeine abuse and misuse. It also includes case studies that highlight the seriousness of the problem by describing codeine-related deaths and intoxications. A wider view of the issue is provided by the crime statistics in this paper that relate to codeine and related drugs in India from 2017 to 2021. A thorough electronic search covering the years 2012–2022 was carried out from February 2023 to April 2023 to compile this review. Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed were just a few of the search engines used. While crime statistics for India were sourced from the National Crime Records Bureau website, case reports were gathered from the Journal of Medical Case Reports and Wiley Online Library. Studies examining OTC codeine, its abuse, and the analytical methods used for its detection and quantification were all covered by our inclusion criteria. Case reports involving codeine seizures, fatalities, and intoxications were also included, along with review and research papers. On the other hand, studies with little connection to OTC codeine, books, documents, clinical trials, meta-analyses, non-English papers, and publications with only abstracts were disregarded. With the help of this systematic review, we located 531 studies in databases, 83 of which satisfied our inclusion requirements. Our research is organized into sections that cover crime data, case studies of codeine-related overdoses or deaths, and detection methods. For researchers, medical professionals, and policymakers actively engaged in the fight against codeine abuse and the societal harms it causes, this review is an invaluable resource.
Analysis of Acute Poisoning Cases Presenting to the Medical Emergency Department
Authors: Nuzhat Qudsia , Nagesh Simhadri V. S. D. N. A. , Neog Parthajyoti , Singh Sujata , Bairagi Kaustav Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Acute poisoning cases are always a medical emergency. Immediate management with proper identification of the poisoning agent is very much important. This study aimed to estimate the sociodemographic pattern and outcome of acute poisoning cases so that the emergency health-care provider can decide on a suitable management procedure as well as effective preventive measures as early as possible when they receive a patient.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective observational study was carried out for a 1-year duration after getting approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee. Patients of either gender with acute poisoning were collected from the records of the medical emergency department of the hospital with the details of age, gender, occupation, type of poisoning, route of administration, and outcome. Analysis was done with suitable software.

Results:
We got a total of 91 acute poisoning cases, where 61 (67.03%) patients survived and 30 (32.96%) patients succumbed to death. The highest cases were seen due to aluminum phosphide (ALP) and it was about 47 (51.64%), followed by organophosphorus (OP) 21 (23.07%). The most common age group was early adulthood (20–30 years) followed by the adolescence (10–19 years) age group. Male cases were 50 (54.94%) compared to females 41 (45.05%) and married cases were 51 (56.04%) compared to unmarried cases 40 (43.95%).

Conclusions:
ALP poisoning was highest followed by OP, and all cases were suicidal in intention. Male cases were higher than female cases. Delayed reporting to the hospital significantly increased the death rate.
Knowledge and Awareness of Metabolic Syndrome and its Relationship with Periodontal Disease among Dental Practitioners in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Uppin Rabiya Basari , Varghese Sheeja S. , Baseer Mohammad Abdul , AlMugeiren Osamah Mohammed , Mubaraki Sarah , Alsaffan Abdulrahman Dahham 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims:
The study aimed to assess the knowledge of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the awareness of its association with periodontal disease (PD) among dental practitioners in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 239 dental practitioners using a convenience sampling method. A structured, closed-ended, self-reported, valid, and reliable instrument was used to assess the demographic characteristics, MetS knowledge, and awareness of the association between MetS and PD. Each correct and incorrect answer was scored 1 and 0, respectively. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for continuous variables, and frequency and percentages for categorical variables. Knowledge and awareness scores were compared using Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests.

Results:
The mean knowledge score for MetS was 3.72 ± 2.32, while the awareness score for the association between MetS and PD was 3.55 ± 1.73. Significant differences were found in MetS knowledge based on nationality, with non-Saudi dental practitioners scoring higher (147.96) than Saudi dental practitioners (109.77, P < 0.001). Similarly, awareness of the relationship between MetS and PD differed significantly by nationality (non-Saudi: 159.77 vs. Saudi: 105.45, P < 0.001), educational level (bachelor’s vs. Saudi board vs. master’s: 96.75 vs. 119.67 vs. 139.98, P < 0.001), and professional rank (general dental practitioners vs. specialists vs. consultants: 109.13 vs. 130.27 vs. 154, P = 0.004).

Conclusion:
Dental practitioners in Riyadh exhibited limited knowledge of MetS cutoff values, but their awareness of the connection between MetS and PD was moderate. These findings underscore the need for continuous professional education to enhance both MetS knowledge and the understanding of its relationship with periodontal disease. Enhanced education and training on MetS and its oral health implications should be prioritized in dental curricula and continuing education programs. Given the potential impact of MetS on periodontal health, improving dental practitioners’ awareness can lead to earlier identification and management of related oral health issues, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Future studies could explore the impact of targeted educational interventions on improving dental practitioners’ knowledge of MetS and its relationship with PD. Further research should also investigate how increased awareness influences clinical practice and patient care, especially in preventing and managing periodontal disease in patients with MetS.
Factors Influencing Adolescents’ Knowledge, Practices, and Attitudes Towards Oral Health in the Rupa-Rupa District, Peru
Authors: Espinoza-Andres Katherin Miluska , Dulanto-Vargas Julissa Amparo , Carranza-Samanez Kilder Maynor 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aim:
This study aimed to identify factors associated with adolescents’ knowledge, practices, and attitudes (KPA-OH) regarding oral health in the Rupa-Rupa district, a high jungle region of Peru.

Materials and Methods:
An analytical study was conducted with a sample of 408 adolescents (aged 13–17 years) from seven public schools in the Rupa-Rupa district (elevation: 649 meters above sea level). The sample was stratified by sex, age, and school. Data were collected using a 49-item questionnaire, which included sections on knowledge (10 items), practices (10 items), and attitudes (13 items) toward oral health, as well as 16 sociodemographic variables. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed (KMO ≥ 0.537, Bartlett’s test: P < 0.001, ω ≥ 0.7). Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze associations, with significance set at P < 0.05, using Jamovi software.

Results:
Correct knowledge regarding oral health was highest for understanding the functions of teeth (speech, chewing), the link between caries and bacteria-sugar interaction, the relationship between gingivitis and gum inflammation, fluoride as a remineralizing agent, and the use of dental floss for cleanliness (73.3%–99.8%). Appropriate oral health practices, such as using an individual toothbrush, replacing it quarterly, and brushing twice a day for 2 minutes (89.8%–99.8%), were associated with being the only child and not having reading difficulties (P ≤ 0.03). Positive attitudes toward brushing and dental visits for caries and gingivitis prevention were more prevalent in females (P < 0.001). Multiple regression analyses revealed that demographic factors explained 21.4% of the variance in oral health knowledge (F = 2.05, P < 0.001), but had no significant predictive value for oral health practices (P = 0.127) or attitudes (P = 0.230). Significant predictors of better knowledge included being female (β = 0.3257, P = 0.026), aged 15–17 years (β = 0.6477–0.8246, P ≤ 0.006), and having part-time employed parents (β = 0.5097, P = 0.007). Negative associations with knowledge were observed in adolescents with reading difficulties (β = −0.6376, P = 0.018) and comorbidities (β = −0.5405, P = 0.031).

Conclusion:
Factors such as sex, age, sibling position, general health, reading abilities, and parental employment status were found to influence adolescents’ oral health knowledge, practices, and attitudes. Clinically, these findings suggest that targeted oral health education programs should consider these demographic factors, especially for adolescents with reading difficulties and comorbidities, to improve oral health outcomes in underserved populations. The results also highlight the need for interventions that emphasize preventive oral health practices, particularly among younger adolescents and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oral Health Perception, Hygiene Behaviors, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Myanmar
Authors: Thwin Kaung Myat , Lin Wa Than , Kaneko Noboru , Takehara Sachiko , Ogawa Hiroshi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted various aspects of daily life, including oral health. However, limited research has explored the effects of the pandemic on oral health perceptions, hygiene behaviors, and their subsequent influence on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in underserved settings. This study aims to assess changes in oral health perceptions and behaviors during the pandemic and their impact on OHRQoL in Myanmar.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 at a township health center in Yangon, Myanmar. A total of 158 participants were included in the study. Clinical oral assessments were performed alongside face-to-face interviews, which collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, oral health perceptions and behaviors, psychological factors, and OHRQoL. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, Kruskal–Wallis tests, and regression analyses were used to explore associations and predictors of OHRQoL.

Results:
Among the 158 participants, 30.4% reported a decline in oral health perception, and 27.8% reported negative changes in oral hygiene behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. These changes were significantly associated with a history of COVID-19 infection, depressive symptoms, and bleeding on probing during oral examinations. Regression analysis revealed that worsened oral health perception (B = −2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −5.00, −0.18) and negative changes in hygiene behaviors (B = −2.27; 95% CI = −4.57, −0.02) were associated with poorer OHRQoL. However, these associations became nonsignificant after adjusting for confounding factors. Notably, a history of COVID-19 infection requiring hospitalization remained a statistically significant predictor of poorer OHRQoL in all models.

Conclusions:
A significant proportion of participants reported worsened oral health perception and negative changes in oral hygiene behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, which contributed to a decline in OHRQoL. However, the influence of other confounding factors, such as psychological and socioeconomic variables, needs to be carefully considered. Clinically, these findings highlight the importance of integrating psychological support and targeted oral health interventions in the post-pandemic recovery phase, particularly in underserved settings. Public health initiatives should address the long-term impacts of the pandemic on oral health behaviors and perceptions to improve OHRQoL in affected populations.
The Influence of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Mandibular Position on Visual Capacities: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Marchesi Alessandro , Bellini Dorothea , Pellegrini Clarita , Rizzi Alessandro , Marchesi Roberto , Sardella Andrea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims:
To verify the possible association between the stomatognathic and the visual system by analyzing the effects that different mandibular postures may have on the accommodative capacity and ocular convergence and by assessing whether temporomandibular disorders (TMD) can influence visual abilities.

Materials and Methods:
A case-control study was performed during a 1-year period on a sample of 100 subjects (50 cases and 50 controls). The subjects underwent a gnathological examination, and two visual tests were performed in three different jaw positions: maximum intercuspation, resting position, and open mouth. The statistical analyses were performed using the software SPSS program based on t-test to compare the different jaw positions and the odds ratio to understand the prevalence of visual defects in TMD patients.

Results:
A statistically significant worsening was observed comparing the visual capacities measurements from the maximum intercuspation to the open mouth position; “case group” measurements showed a worsening trend compared to the “control group” (P value < 0.05 in all comparisons). Furthermore, the examinations showed statistically significant results with reference to the relationship between TMD and their negative influence on visual abilities (P value = 0.007 for convergence and P value = 0.012 for accommodation).

Conclusions:
Based on our data, TMD individuals performed worse in vision tests compared to healthy subjects and the presence of occlusal contacts appears to improve convergence and accommodation. The reduced reproducibility and accuracy of the orthoptic tests and the small sample number were the principal limitations of our study. The future perspective could be to investigate whether the visual apparatus could benefit from the treatment of stomatognathic disorders.
Effect of Fluoride-incorporated Bioactive Glass Toothpaste on Remineralization of Primary Enamel Lesions: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Katkanchano Nuttamon , Rirattanapong Praphasri , Yimcharoen Veeritta 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims:
This study aimed to evaluate the enamel remineralization effect of fluoride-incorporated bioactive glass (F-BG) toothpaste on artificial subsurface caries in primary teeth.

Materials and Methods:
Forty sound primary maxillary incisors were subjected to a demineralizing solution for four days to induce artificial enamel caries. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 10 per group): Group I, F-BG toothpaste (530 ppm fluoride) (BiominF®); Group II, 0.22% sodium fluoride toothpaste (1000 ppm fluoride) (Colgate®); Group III, 0.32% sodium fluoride toothpaste (1450 ppm fluoride) (Colgate®); and Group IV, deionized water as a control. Over the course of seven days, each specimen was treated with a slurry of the respective toothpaste twice daily, followed by pH cycling to simulate oral conditions. Mineral density (MD) values were measured at depths of 0, 40, 80, and 120 μm using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) before and after the pH cycling. The percentage of remineralization was calculated based on changes in MD. Statistical comparisons among the groups were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post-hoc Bonferroni tests, with a significance level set at P < 0.05.

Results:
At depths of 0, 40, and 80 μm, both F-BG toothpaste (Group I) and the 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste (Group III) demonstrated significantly higher remineralization than the 1000 ppm fluoride toothpaste (Group II) and the control group (Group IV) (P < 0.05). No significant difference in remineralization was observed between Group I and Group III (P > 0.05). At a depth of 120 μm, none of the test groups showed significant remineralization compared to the control group.

Conclusions:
The fluoride-incorporated bioactive glass toothpaste (530 ppm fluoride) demonstrated remineralization effects on enamel comparable to those of the 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste in terms of both surface and subsurface enamel restoration in primary teeth. Clinically, this suggests that F-BG toothpaste may be a viable alternative for remineralization therapy in pediatric populations, especially in situations where lower fluoride concentrations are preferred for young children. Further long-term studies are needed to assess the clinical durability and efficacy of F-BG toothpaste in caries prevention and management.