bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide bioinformatics analysis revealed putative substrate specificities of SABATH and MES family members in silver birch (Betula pendula)
Authors: Singewar Kiran , Moschner Christian R. , Hartung Eberhard , Fladung Matthias 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Plant SABATH family members catalyze the methylation of many hormones, signaling molecules, and floral scent metabolites, including salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and indol-3 acetic acid (IAA). Demethylation of resulting methyl esters was executed by members of the MES family. Members of both families are significantly involved in plant developmental processes. Here, using different bioinformatics tools, we studied the evolutionary relationship and characterized the putative functions of the family members in silver birch (Betula pendula). It is a socio-ecologically important tree species and plays a vital role in reforestation. Ten and twelve members of the SABATH (BpSABATH1-10) and MES (BpMES1-12) family were identified in silver birch, respectively at the gene and enzyme levels. The BpSABATH and BpMES genes were distributed on seven of fourteen chromosomes, indicating the occurrence of moderate duplication events important for the expansion of both families. Phylogenetic clustering and the gene ontology database suggest, BpSA-BATH8 is involved in the methylation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), while BpSABATH5, BpSABATH6, and BpSABATH7 methylate JA to methyl jasmonate (MeJA). BpSABATH9 was alone in the phylogenetic functional group 1 and prefers SA as a substrate to synthesize methyl salicylate (MeSA). Likewise, BpMES5 and BpMES12 are possibly involved in the demethylation of the methyl ester of IAA, while BpMES6, BpMES7, and BpMES8 are responsible for the demethylation of MeJA. BpMES9 clustered with MES and prefers MeSA as a substrate. The current analysis helped to select candidate genes that could be subjected to further molecular breeding of birch varieties adapted to biotic and abiotic stress conditions.
SEAMLESS MOSAIC USING REMOVAL SUNGLINT TO SUPPORT A LARGE-SCALE MAPPING ACCELERATION
Authors: Nugroho Ferman Setia 
Published: May 2021

Mosaics of remote sensing images to support the acceleration of large-scale mapping are one of the steps in the data preparation process for dissemination to users, where generally users need seamless, mosaic images, especially on the land area. To produce a seamless mosaic image on the land area, it is sometimes constrained by the data that contains sunglints due to the direction of the recording that is opposite to the direction to the sun which causes the mosaic results to look not uniform in color on the land area. In this study, mosaics were carried out in the Pacitan area using Pleiades satellite data. From the existing problems, this study aims to compare the results of the mosaic image by removing sunglint compared to mosaic without removing sunglint. The results of this study indicate that the mosaic image by
removing the sunglint produces a more seamless mosaic than the mosaic without removing the sunglint.
Une idée monstrueuse: Bicameralism in the Early French Revolution
Authors: Marrs Sean 
Published: May 2021

In the spring of 1789, the members of the newly formed National Assembly tasked itself with the creation of France’s first Constitution. The Assembly set out to reform their country by incorporating enlightenment ideas and newfound liberties. Creating the constitution was not an easy process and the Assembly floor was home to many fierce debates, divides, and distrust amongst the Three Orders: the Clergy, the Nobility, and the Commons. One Constitutional issue was deciding what form the legislature would take. Mounier, Lally-Tollendal, and Clermont-Tonnerre, members of the Committee of the Constitution, who formed a political group known as the ‘Monarchiens,’ proposed a bicameral system that mirrored the two legislative houses of England. Their political opponents fought instead for a single chambered system. When the vote came to the house, bicameralism was defeated in a landslide. My research aims at discovering the motivations of the deputies; Why did they reject Mounier’s bicameralism? Much of the work done on this question so far, particularly that of Keith Michael Baker, argues that the deputies were faced with a choice between radically different conceptions of the purpose of the revolution. However, the work of Timothy Tackett points to the smaller, more contingent issues at play. My work involves the analysis of the assembly debates and the political publications being written by the deputies. Similar to Tackett, I conclude that the deputies were immediately motivated less by grand revolutionary narratives, but instead based their vote on a deep distrust of the aristocracy and political factionalism.
The Green Energy Act: Will Ontario Become the Next Germany?
Authors: Ha Melissa 
Published: May 2021

Climate change and the depletion of fossil fuel are no longer a growing concern, but the most time‐sensitive issues facing the society. In response to this, Ontario passed the Green Energy Act (GEA) intolaw in 2009 and introduced a number of initiatives to promote the “green economy” in the province,making it the first North American jurisdiction with an incentive system modelled after Germany’s feed‐in tariffs (FITs). Many believe that the GEA will improve the business conditions for clean technologyendeavours in Ontario; nonetheless, others doubt that people will be susceptible to the higher energyprice and claim that now is not the right time. This paper aims to critically assess the viability of themarket development for renewable energy as proposed by the GEA. Considering that it is relatively earlyto make any conclusion, the first part of this paper provides a brief summary of what the GEA entails andcompares it with the case of another jurisdiction after which the GEA was modelled – namely, Germany. In the second part, this paper closely examines the effects that the GEA has had on businesses in Ontario. More specifically, analysis of ongoing “green energy” projects is provided based on interviews withindustry professionals in both the public and the private sectors in the province.
Multiculturalism in Canada: Individual vs. Collective Rights
Authors: Dalby Meaghan 
Published: May 2021

This essay will look at the controversial topic of multiculturalism in Canada. It will explore aspects of individual rights compared with group rights. This is a very important topic to Canadians, as they claim to live in a multicultural nation where many different groups co‐exist. In order to answer the many questions which arise with this topic, it is first necessary to define multiculturalism as it has developed throughout the nation. With this background in mind, it will be easier to understand where individual rights stemmed from. Did they evolve on their own, or do they stem from group rights and traditions which were already in existence? Does this make a difference when we compare the two? As multiculturalism becomes more prominent in Canadian culture, and the rights of the group come to the forefront, where do individual rights stand? Immigrants coming to Canada can expect that their cultural differences will be tolerated and respected, yet problems can arise if individual rights are infringed upon. This essay will specifically look at the case study of Sharia Law infringing on women’s rights in Ontario, and Ernst Zundel who spread hate crimes against the Jews under the pretext of the individual right to free speech. Through these case studies, it will be determined whether Canadians prefer to have their individual rights protected, or respect their cultural and groups rights above all else. The conclusion will express how Canadians feel about the difference between group and individual rights.
A case series of acute intestinal obstruction due to jejunal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ammar Ahmed Siddique , Zahara Fatima Tu , Khalid Rizwan , Naqi Syed Asghar 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Though tuberculosis strictures are the most common cause of acute intestinal obstruction, in rare patients, malignant strictures are found in the jejunum causing acute intestinal obstruction and biopsy of these strictures came out to be jejunal adenocarcinoma.

Case Presentation:
In this case series, we presented three cases of jejunal adenocarcinoma who presented in the emergency department with sign and symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction and peritonitis. All were operated and samples were sent for histopathology which shows jejunal adenocarcinoma in all three cases. Patients were sent to oncology department for adjuvant radiotherapy. Fortunately, all patients responded well to radiotherapy and post op follow up was satisfactory.

Conclusion:
Although a rare entity, the operating surgeon should keep a high suspicion for malignancy in cases of acute intestinal obstruction if strictures are found in jejunum and cancer directed surgery technique should be followed because this timely treatment is the best survival offer for the patient in otherwise aggressive disease.
PENERAPAN MODEL INTEGRASI FUZZY SERVQUAL-IPA-QFD DALAM ANALISIS KUALITAS LAYANAN STASIUN GAMBIR
Authors: Sukwadi Ronald , Josua Priskilla Putri , Tannady Hendy 
Published: May 2021

Public transportation has been regarded as one of the most sustainable forms of transport in Indonesia. Indonesian Railways serves as one of choice transportation mode and the biggest transportation service company. Gambir Central Station is the busiest railway platform where large number of people spend considerable amount of time, while waiting to board a train, alighting from a train, to receive/ send off a passenger, or to buy a ticket. The passengers must have a satisfactory experience of the amenities available at platforms, irrespective of their duration or purpose of stay at a railway station. This study aims to assess the satisfaction level of the passengers and to improve the existing service quality of the station. The integrated model of fuzzy SERVQUAL, IPA and QFD is applied in this study. The fuzzy SERVQUAL is used to assess the level of passengers’ satisfaction. Furthermore, the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method is used to find out the attributes that must be improved. The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method is used to determine the appropriate efforts/strategies to improve those attributes. To meet the passengers’ needs, Gambir Central Station should install a hygiene signboard, conduct training of officers, and add greening areas. Keywords: Service quality, Fuzzy SERVQUAL, IPA, QFD, Railway station AbstrakAngkutan umum telah dianggap sebagai salah satu bentuk transportasi paling berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Kereta Api Indonesia menjadi salah satu moda transportasi pilihan dan perusahaan transportasi terbesar. Stasiun Gambir adalah stasiun tersibuk di mana banyak orang menghabiskan banyak waktu, menunggu untuk naik kereta, turun dari kereta, keluar/masuk penumpang, atau membeli tiket. Penumpang harus memiliki pengalaman yang memuaskan tentang fasilitas yang tersedia di stasiun, terlepas dari durasi atau tujuan mereka tinggal di stasiun kereta api. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat kepuasan penumpang dan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan stasiun yang ada. Model terintegrasi fuzzy SERVQUAL, IPA dan QFD diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Fuzzy SERVQUAL digunakan untuk menilai tingkat kepuasan penumpang. Selanjutnya, Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) digunakan untuk mengetahui atribut-atribut yang harus ditingkatkan. Metode Quality Function Deployment (QFD) digunakan untuk menentukan upaya/strategi yang tepat untuk memperbaiki atribut tersebut. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan penumpang, Stasiun Gambir harus memasang papan tanda kebersihan, melakukan pelatihan petugas stasiun, dan melakukan penambahan area penghijauan.
Investigation of transition symmetry shapes of 160-168Yb nuclei using IBM
Authors: Hady Heiyam Najy , Muttalb Mohsin Kadhim 
Published: May 2021

The interacting boson models, and were used to perform a complete study of even –even 160-168Yb isotopes .The low –lying positive parity states, dynamic symmetries, reduced electric quadrupole transition probability , quadruple momentum , and potential energy surface for 160-168Yb were investigated. Energy level sequences and energy ratios showed the gradual transition of the properties of these nuclei from the γ-unstable features to the rotational features . Adding the pairing parameter to Hamiltonian had a very slight effect on this feature, but it raised the β band, since it represents symmetry breaking such as in γ-unstable features . This applies to the experimental decay scheme of 160-168Yb isotopes. In , proton and neutron quadruple deformation parameters and showed values equal to -1.24 and approximately 0.7, respectively, which supports the same idea in the interacting boson model . A contour plot of the potential energy surface for 160-168Yb isotopes showed that the minimum potential occurs at approximately .
Varietal identification and fingerprinting of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) varieties and hybrid using morphological descriptors and SSR markers
Authors: Natesan Senthil , Kali Subbulakshmi , Venkateswaran Kaavya , Selvam Keerthika , Krishnamoorthy Iyanar , Rajasekaran Ravikesavan , Geetha S. 
Published: May 2021

Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is the sixth most important cereal crop in the world. The genomic resources available in Pearl millet can be utilized for fingerprinting and screening of hybrids using SSR markers and will be helpful for the assessment of seed purity. Hence, the present study was focused on fingerprint popular pearl millet varieties and hybrids of Tamil Nadu for varietal identification and hybrid purity test. The varieties used for DNA fingerprinting were CO (Cu) 9, CO 10, Pearl Millet hybrid CO 9 along with the parents, A' line ICMA 93111A and R' line PT 6029-30. The morphological features were recorded to screen the cultivars. The Pearl millet hybrid CO 9 scored the highest value for more than four quantitative characters via., Number of productive tillers (4-6), Leaf blade length (60-68cm), Leaf blade width (4.0-4.5cm), number of nodes (8-10), and 1000 seed weight (13-14g) which is at par and comparable with the composite CO 10 and higher than that of the variety CO (Cu) 9. PCR was performed using 36 SSR primers to find out polymorphism among the varieties. The SSR markers ICMP3021 and PSMP2089 were able to selectively identify CO (Cu) 9 from the other varieties. Whereas, the SSR markers ICMP3018, PSMP2219, and PSMP2220 were used to distinguish CO 10 from the other varieties. Further, the CO10 variety produced additional alleles for all the markers due to its composite nature. Among the thirty-six SSR primers screened, none of them were found suitable to distinguish the TNAU hybrid CO 9 from its parents. The unique DNA fingerprints developed in the present study can be utilized for seed purity testing and varietal identification.
Association of sflt-1 as a maternal serum biomarker in preeclampsia: A case–control tertiary care hospital based study
Authors: Changalvala Krishnaveni , Kiranmayee P. , Raghuveer C. V. , Sheela S. R. , Venkateshu K. V. , Kalyani R. 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:
Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic disorder portrayed by the new beginning of circulatory pressure more noteworthy than 140/90 mmHg and proteinuria with 0.3 g in a 24 h on dip stick emerging after 20 weeks of incubation. The hidden pathophysiology of PE includes endothelial brokenness and vasospasm beginning principally in the placenta. The unusual growth of blood vessels in placenta leads to poor perfusion. This relative hypoxic condition in placenta causes arrival of antiangiogenic factors into the maternal blood dissemination which prompts the modifications in maternal fundamental endothelial functions and causes hypertension. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt) can form a heterodimer, binding with vascular endothelial growth Factor A and placental growth factor. In preeclamptic subjects, there will be an imbalance in anti-angiogenesis factors and there will be incomplete arterial transformation and cytotrophoblast cell division. Due to imbalance in sFlt levels in preeclamptic women it effects in the blood vessels by constriction and leads to endothelial dysfunction. This study aim is to compare the maternal serum concentration of sFlt levels in normotensive pregnant women to preeclamptic women in early and late gestational weeks.

Material and Methods:
Out of 300 participants in the case–control study, 150 were preeclamptic women as cases and 150 as normotensive pregnant women as controls participated in the present study. A 5 ml of maternal venous blood was collected; the serum was separated and stored at –800°C till the analysis. Using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits from Chongqing Biospes Co., Ltd., (suppliers: Infobio Company, New Delhi) was measured with ELISA microplate reader at 450 nm (Merilyzer Eiaquant Company).

Results:
Out of 300 participants in the study, 46 pregnant women were early gestational weeks and 254 were late gestational weeks. The complications due to severe PE such as intrauterine death are 15%, intrauterine fetal growth retardation 33%, and premature 15%. The statistical analyses were performed by Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences Software 22. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve is 0.82, with 91% sensitivity, and 79% specificity. The significance in the maternal serum sFlt levels was calculated by the Mann–Whitney U-test. By comparing the cases and controls, it was found that maternal serum sFlt1 were significantly higher in preeclamptic women with Z = 2.96 and U = 9021 with P = 0.005 significance.

Conclusion:
This is the first South Indian study. If we compare the sFlt1 levels in early and late gestational weeks, in late gestational weeks in controls and PE the levels were highly significant than early gestational weeks of PE and controls. Maternal serum sFlt can be used as a preeclamptic diagnostic marker in South Eastern Kolar population.
Inheriting the throne during the Mamluk era in Egypt in light of inscriptions on Mamluk coins: وراثة العرش في العصر المملوكي في مصر في ضوء النقوش الكتابية على النقود المملوكية
Authors: Elshahat Anwar Barakat  
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to study the principle of inheriting the throne of the Mamluks, as inheriting the throne was one of the things that have no place in the shadow of the Mamluk state in its two parts, as the prevailing principle in governance in the Mamluk era was the principle of "authority for the one who overcame", where the one who possesses power Hegemony is the most worthy of power after the death or deposition of the existing Sultan, but the Mamluk era did not pass through periods in which the throne was inherited for some of the Sultans, as happened with the sons of Al-Zahir Baybars, and also during the era of the Bani Qalawun family, where the news and descendants inherited the throne for a period of time, But that was not a permanent matter, but rather an interim matter, until one of the princes, was able to extract power from the existing Sultan, after proving his right and strength, and this matter remained followed until the end of the Mamluks' era. This was done through the historical method based on the writings that were received on the money, and the researcher concluded: 1- The inheritance of the throne existed in the Mamluk era, but for a few periods, because the Mamluks did not believe in this principle in the transfer of power. 2- The Mamluk’s recognition of the principle of inheriting the throne was only part of their plan to reach the throne when their ranks were divided and one of them was above and showed his victory over other princes fighting with him. 3- That some of those who inherited the rule of the Mamluks were able to prove their competence and rule for long periods, such as Khalil bin Qalawun and Al-Nasir Muhammad Yin Qalawun. 4- The Mamluk doctrine never believed in the inheritance of the throne, and for you in spite of that, there were many cases of inheriting the throne in the Mamluk era. and the researcher recommended the need to rely on writings and inscriptions on the monuments to document historical events accurately.
Apresentação do Dossiê Polifonias em saberes: música, educação e história
Authors: Almeida Rocha Inês de , Gonzaga do Monti Ednardo Monteiro 
Published: May 2021

Atendendo à uma demanda crescente na área de estudos sobre ensino, aprendizagem e música, seja em espaços institucionalizados ou não, seja em modalidades formais, não-formais ou informais, o Dossiê Polifonias em saberes: música educação e história reúne textos com temáticas musicais, trabalhados com enfoque histórico, que abordam aspectos relacionados ao ensino e aprendizagem de saberes musicais. Os pesquisadores se ocuparam, mais especificamente, de assuntos relacionados à itinerários formativo de musicistas, docentes e discentes; analisaram o ensino de música em espaços escolares; estudaram como uma trajetória formativa leva um musicista a tornar-se docente; indagaram sobre performance em banda como fator educativo e socializador; investigaram sobre livro como fonte de pesquisa para compreender aspectos da cultura musical do século XIX; analisaram repertório musical para o ensino de piano; acompanharam trajetória de mulheres compositoras e a escolarização da música na Educação Básica.
Proses Penyembuhan Luka Kaki Diabetik Dengan Perawatan Luka Metode Moist Wound Healing
Authors: Primadani Andin Fellyta , Safitri Dwi Nurrahmantika Puji 
Published: May 2021

Diabetes merupakan penyakit metabolism yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa darah melebihi kadar normal. Salah satu komplikasi dari diabetes adalah luka pada ekstremitas bawah yang disebut luka diabetes (ulkus) sebagai akibat dari gangguan neuropati dan vaskuler. Perawatan luka dengan metode moist wound healing membuat luka tetap lembab, sehingga mempercepat pertumbuhan jaringan dan mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa hasil dari implementasi perawatan luka dengan moist wound healing terhadap penyembuhan luka diabetik. Studi kasus ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses asuhan keperawatan. Subjek studi kasus adalah pasien DM yang disertai luka diabetik grade 1-2. Subjek studi kasus berjumlah 2 orang, yang didapatkan secara random. Subjek studi kasus telah menandatangani informed consent sebelum dilakukan pengambilan data. Populasi yang digunakan adalah semua pasien dengan luka diabetik. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 2 pasien. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar pengkajian Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT)). Hasil yang didapatkan adalah adanya perbaikan luka yang ditujukkan dengan peningkatan skor pada lembar assessment dengan rerata selisih sebanyak 4 poin. Teknik moist wound healing mempercepat penyembuhan luka diabetik.