bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marine Aerosol Records of Arctic Sea‐Ice and Polynya Variability From New Ellesmere and Devon Island Firn Cores, Nunavut, Canada
Authors: Criscitiello A. S. , Geldsetzer T. , Rhodes R. H. , Arienzo M. , McConnell J. , Chellman N. , Osman M. B. , Yackel J. J. , Marshall S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSea ice plays a critical role in the Earth’s climate system, including influencing ocean heat uptake, reflecting solar radiation, and contributing to dense water formation. Instrumental records of polar sea ice extent are only available since 1979, however. The short length of such records also limits our knowledge of polynya variability, which can reflect large‐scale atmospheric and climate changes. Ice core proxy records can extend these observations, but require further development and regional validation. We compare chloride and methanesulfonic acid concentrations from two new firn cores from the Canadian Arctic with satellite‐derived observations of regional sea‐ice concentration and polynya variability from 2002 to 2014. The sub‐annual resolution of these cores allows for detailed investigation of how regional sea‐ice concentration is recorded in the ice at Prince of Wales Icefield (POW), Ellesmere Island and Devon Ice Cap (DIC), Devon Island, Nunavut. Over the period 2002–2014 we find that the primary sources of marine aerosols to POW are polynyas within Arctic Canada and the Canada basin of the Arctic Ocean, whereas the primary sources of marine aerosols to DIC are a broader region of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Baffin Bay, and the Arctic Ocean. Marine aerosol sources to the two core sites are distinct, reflecting different moisture source regions and, likely, differing transport pathways. Air mass back trajectory results support the satellite‐derived results. Glaciochemical records from this dynamic, warming region may provide a proxy for reconstructing North Water polynya and other regional polynya and shore‐lead variability prior to the satellite era.
Multiple Gamma‐Ray Glows and a Downward TGF Observed From Nearby Thunderclouds
Authors: Hisadomi S. , Nakazawa K. , Wada Y. , Tsuji Y. , Enoto T. , Shinoda T. , Morimoto T. , Nakamura Y. , Yuasa T. , Tsuchiya H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAround 17:00 on January 12, 2020 (UTC), radiation detectors installed at two locations with a 1.35 km separation in Kanazawa City, Japan, captured a total of four gamma‐ray enhancements. The first pair was simultaneously observed at the two locations at 17:03 and were abruptly terminated by a lightning discharge. The remaining two enhancements were also nearly simultaneously observed 3 min later, and one of them was also terminated by another lightning discharge. At the last termination, a downward terrestrial gamma‐ray flash and a negative energetic in‐cloud pulse were observed. Both pairs were associated with thundercloud cells. In the first pair, simultaneous detection in two locations 1.35 km apart suggests either a gamma‐ray glow emerged in‐between and time variability of its intensity were directly observed or there were two (or more) gamma‐ray glows in the cell which reached the two detectors coincidentally. In the latter pair, the peak time in the downwind detector was 40 s later than that of the upwind detector. If the irradiation region moved with the cell, it would have taken ∼110 s. The discrepancy suggests either the glow moved 2.5 times faster than the cell or there were two (or more) glows in the cell. Also, the fact that the thunderstorm cell hosting the latter glows experienced the lightning discharge 3 min before suggests that the strong electric field in the cell can develop within a few minutes.
Global and Regional Estimation of Carbon Uptake Using CMIP6 ESM Compared With TRENDY Ensembles at the Centennial Scale
Authors: Peng Jing , Dan Li , Yang Fuqiang , Tang Xiba , Wang Dayong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the ability of CMIP6 Earth System Models to simulate net biome production (NBP) changes caused by natural and man‐made forcing, the simulated NBP during the period 1901–2010 at global, hemispheric and regional scales was compared with the estimated NBP of the TRENDY ensemble. The annual NBP, globally and over the Northern Hemisphere and tropics, from the CMIP6 ensemble reflected well the TRENDY ensemble annual values from 1901 to 2010, and the correlation coefficient passed the 0.05 significance level. The annual NBP estimated by CMIP6 over the globe, Northern Hemisphere and tropics was 0.20 ± 0.46, 0.25 ± 0.34, and −0.02 ± 0.14 Pg C yr−1, respectively; while from the TRENDY ensemble it was 1.04 ± 0.41, 0.55 ± 0.24, and 0.43 ± 0.20 Pg C yr−1, respectively. The main weaknesses of the CMIP6 multi‐model ensemble simulation was the lower strength of NBP, especially at low latitudes. The simulated results showed higher soil respiration estimated by CMIP6 for these regions, especially in the Amazon Basin, than that by the TRENDY ensemble, which produced the greater NPB estimated by TRENDY. The CMIP6 ensemble exaggerated the increasing trend of carbon sinks between 30° and 60°N in the Northern Hemisphere after 1961, due to the stronger positive response of NPP (net primary production) in the high‐latitude Northern Hemisphere to global warming. The NBP during 1901–2010 could not be reproduced well by the CMIP6 ensemble in most sub‐regions, as evidenced by the failure to pass the statistical test at the 5% significance level in 70% of the sub‐regions in terms of the correlation coefficients with the TRENDY ensemble. In eastern Asia, for example, NBP was poorly estimated by the CMIP6 ensemble, as evidenced by negative correlation coefficients with the TRENDY ensemble.
Modeling Ice‐Crystal Fabric as a Proxy for Ice‐Stream Stability
Authors: Lilien David A. , Rathmann Nicholas M. , Hvidberg Christine S. , Dahl‐Jensen Dorthe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe crystal structure within an ice sheet evolves in response to deformation; hence ice‐crystal fabric records ice‐flow history. However, the complexity of crystal‐fabric evolution, and the lack of model results with which to compare data, limit the usefulness of fabric measurements, particularly in areas with complex ice dynamics. Here, we use an ice‐flow model to identify characteristic fabrics associated with ice‐stream onset, with the goal of aiding interpretation of fabric measurements. Using time‐dependent model simulations, we identify how crystal fabric may be used to diagnose changes in an ice stream's speed or lateral position. Consistent with previous work, we find that fabric within an ice stream is generally a vertical girdle, though horizontal shear can lead to a horizontal single maximum. Transient simulations demonstrate that effects from changes in flow may be recorded in the crystal fabric for thousands of years after an ice stream activates and more than ten thousand years after an ice stream stagnates. Both transient and steady effects on fabric are sufficiently large as to be measurable in ice cores or with polarized radar, suggesting that in certain scenarios fabric could be used to identify past flow changes. These results could be used to design radar surveys in areas where ice streams are known to deactivate, such as the Siple Coast in Antarctica, or where they may migrate laterally or widen, such as in Northeast Greenland.
Making the invisible visible: New perspectives on the intersection of human–environment interactions of clinical teams in intensive care
Authors: Visram Sheena , Potts Laura , Sebire Neil J. , Rogers Yvonne , Broughton Emma , Chigaru Linda , Nambyiah Pratheeban 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnderstanding human behaviour is essential to the successful adoption of new technologies, and for the promotion of safer care. This requires capturing the detail of clinical workflows to inform the design of new human–technology interactions. We are interested particularly in the possibilities for touchless technologies that can decipher human speech, gesture and motion and allow for interactions that are free of contact. Here, we employ a new approach by installing a single 360° camera into a clinical environment to analyse touch patterns and human–environment interactions across a clinical team to recommend design considerations for new technologies with the potential to reduce avoidable touch.
Associations of fat and muscle mass with overall survival in men with prostate cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Lopez Pedro , Newton Robert U. , Taaffe Dennis R. , Singh Favil , Buffart Laurien M. , Spry Nigel , Tang Colin , Saad Fred , Galvão Daniel A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
To systematically review and analyse the associations between fat and muscle mass measures with overall survival in men with prostate cancer.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases from inception to December 2020, while abstracts from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA), and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) conferences were searched from 2014 to 2020. Eligible articles examined the association of body composition measures, such as fat mass (e.g., fat mass, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and VAT/SAT) and muscle mass measures, with overall survival in prostate cancer patients at any treatment stage. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Random-effect meta-analysis was conducted for studies reporting multivariable or univariable analysis assessing the associations of fat mass measures (i.e., fat mass, VAT, SAT, VAT/SAT) and muscle mass measures with overall survival.

Results
Sixteen cohort studies that comprised 4807 men with prostate cancer were included. Total adiposity (hazard ratio (HR) 0.98, 95% CI: 0.75–1.28, p = 0.888) and VAT (HR 1.03, 95% CI: 0.74–1.43, p = 0.873) were not significantly associated with overall survival, while higher subcutaneous adipose tissue levels were associated with higher survival (HR 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54–0.84, p = 0.001). Greater mortality risk was found in patients with localised (HR 1.91, 95% CI: 1.40–2.62, p < 0.001) and advanced disease (HR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.07–1.92, p = 0.020) presenting with low levels of muscle mass compared to those presenting with high levels.

Discussion
These results indicate that although overall adiposity should be cautiously interpreted in regards to survival, high muscle mass and SAT, and low VAT/SAT ratio values are associated with overall survival in men with prostate cancer.
Solutions in microbiome engineering: prioritizing barriers to organism establishment
Authors: Albright Michaeline B N , Louca Stilianos , Winkler Daniel E , Feeser Kelli L , Haig Sarah-Jane , Whiteson Katrine L , Emerson Joanne B , Dunbar John 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Microbiome engineering is increasingly being employed as a solution to challenges in health, agriculture, and climate. Often manipulation involves inoculation of new microbes designed to improve function into a preexisting microbial community. Despite, increased efforts in microbiome engineering inoculants frequently fail to establish and/or confer long-lasting modifications on ecosystem function. We posit that one underlying cause of these shortfalls is the failure to consider barriers to organism establishment. This is a key challenge and focus of macroecology research, specifically invasion biology and restoration ecology. We adopt a framework from invasion biology that summarizes establishment barriers in three categories: (1) propagule pressure, (2) environmental filtering, and (3) biotic interactions factors. We suggest that biotic interactions is the most neglected factor in microbiome engineering research, and we recommend a number of actions to accelerate engineering solutions.
Comparative efficacy and cognitive function of magnetic seizure therapy vs. electroconvulsive therapy for major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Miao , Yang Xuhui , Liu Chaojie , Li Jianying , Wang Xiao , Yang Chunxia , Hu Xiaodong , Li Jianhong , Zhao Juan , Li Xinrong , Xu Yong , Liu Sha 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMagnetic seizure therapy (MST) has established efficacy in the treatment of depression and a growing evidence base in the treatment of depression. We conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of MST in anti-depressive treatment and its impact on cognitive function (INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202170061). We searched for controlled trials published in English between 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2020 in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases. The evaluation process strictly followed the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool into the literature, and Meta-analysis was performed according to the Cochrane System Reviewer’s Manual. Data from a total of 285 patients from 10 studies were retained in the quantitative synthesis. The results showed no significant difference between MST and ECT in the antidepressant effect (SDM −0.13 [−0.78;0.52]). Compared with ECT, MST showed shorter recovery time (MD −5.67 [−9.75; −1.60]) and reorientation time (MD −14.67 [−27.96; −1.41]); and MST showed less cognitive impairment on the immediate recall of words (SDM 0.80 [0.35;1.25]), delayed recall of words (SDM 0.99 [0.01;0.74]), visual-spatial immediate memory (SDM 0.51 [0.20;0.83]), visual-spatial delayed memory (SDM0.57 [0.11;1.02]), and the verbal fluency (SDM0.51 [0.20;0.83]). Our evidence-based study is the first meta-analysis on the efficacy of MST in anti-depressive treatment and its effect on cognitive function. It showed that the curative effect of MST in anti-depressive treatment is equivalent to that of ECT. Besides, depressive patients with MST benefit more from cognitive function compared with ECT.
Treatment-emergent and trajectory-based peripheral gene expression markers of antidepressant response
Authors: Fiori Laura M. , Orri Massimiliano , Aouabed Zahia , Théroux Jean François , Lin Rixing , Nagy Corina , Frey Benicio N. , Lam Raymond W. , MacQueen Glenda M. , Milev Roumen , Müller Daniel J. , Parikh Sagar V. , Rotzinger Susan , Uher Rudolf , Foster Jane A. , Kennedy Sidney H. , Turecki Gustavo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIdentifying biomarkers of antidepressant response may advance personalized treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). We aimed to identify longitudinal changes in gene expression associated with response to antidepressants in a sample of MDD patients treated with escitalopram. Patients (N = 153) from the CAN-BIND-1 cohort were treated for 8 weeks, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. We identified three groups of patients according to response status: early responders (22.9%), later responders (32.0%), and nonresponders (45.1%). RNA sequencing was performed in blood obtained at weeks 0, 2, and 8. RNA expression was modeled using growth models, and differences in the longitudinal changes in expression according to response were investigated using multiple regression models. The expression of RNAs related to response was investigated in the brains of depressed individuals, as well as in neuronal cells in vitro. We identified four RNAs (CERCAM, DARS-AS1, FAM228B, HBEGF) whose change over time was independently associated with a response status. For all except HBEGF, responders showed higher expression over time, compared to nonresponders. While the change in all RNAs differentiated early responders from nonresponders, changes in DARS-AS1 and HBEGF also differentiated later responders from nonresponders. Additionally, HBEGF was downregulated in the brains of depressed individuals, and increased in response to escitalopram treatment in vitro. In conclusion, using longitudinal assessments of gene expression, we provide insights into biological processes involved in the intermediate stages of escitalopram response, highlighting several genes with potential utility as biomarkers of antidepressant response.
MBD2 acts as a repressor to maintain the homeostasis of the Th1 program in type 1 diabetes by regulating the STAT1-IFN-γ axis
Authors: Yue Tiantian , Sun Fei , Wang Faxi , Yang Chunliang , Luo Jiahui , Rong Shanjie , Zhou Haifeng , Xiao Jun , Wang Xiaohui , Zhou Qing , Yang Ping , Zhang Shu , Li Wen , Xiong Fei , Yu Qilin , Wang Cong-Yi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (MBD2) interprets DNA methylome-encoded information through binding to the methylated CpG DNA, by which it regulates target gene expression at the transcriptional level. Although derailed DNA methylation has long been recognized to trigger or promote autoimmune responses in type 1 diabetes (T1D), the exact role of MBD2 in T1D pathogenesis, however, remains poorly defined. Herein, we generated an Mbd2 knockout model in the NOD background and found that Mbd2 deficiency exacerbated the development of spontaneous T1D in NOD mice. Adoptive transfer of Mbd2−/− CD4 T cells into NOD.scid mice further confirmed the observation. Mechanistically, Th1 stimulation rendered the Stat1 promoter to undergo a DNA methylation turnover featured by the changes of DNA methylation levels or patterns along with the induction of MBD2 expression, which then bound to the methylated CpG DNA within the Stat1 promoter, by which MBD2 maintains the homeostasis of Th1 program to prevent autoimmunity. As a result, ectopic MBD2 expression alleviated CD4 T cell diabetogenicity following their adoptive transfer into NOD.scid mice. Collectively, our data suggest that MBD2 could be a viable target to develop epigenetic-based therapeutics against T1D in clinical settings.
CircRNA circ-PDCD11 promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression via enhancing aerobic glycolysis
Authors: Xing Zeyu , Wang Ruojiao , Wang Xin , Liu Jiaqi , Zhang Menglu , Feng Kexin , Wang Xiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWell-described evidence has demonstrated the critical roles of aerobic glycolysis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) oncotherapy. Moreover, next-generation high-throughput sequencing indicates the potential regulation of energy metabolism by circular RNAs (circRNAs) in TNBC. However, circRNA modulation of TNBC aerobic glycolysis is still unclear. Here, the present research aimed to investigate the function and underlying mechanisms of novel circPDCD11 (hsa_circ_0019853) in TNBC aerobic glycolysis. The results revealed that circPDCD11 expression was significantly upregulated in TNBC tissues and cells. Clinical data demonstrated that the high expression of circPDCD11 was closely correlated with a poor prognosis and acted as an independent risk factor for TNBC prognosis. Functionally, in vitro gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed that circPDCD11 accelerated glucose uptake, lactate production, ATP generation, and the extracellular acidification rate in TNBC cells. In vivo, circPDCD11 silencing repressed tumor growth. Mechanistically, circPDCD11 acted as a miRNA sponge to enhance LDHA expression by sponging miR-432-5p. In conclusion, these combined results demonstrated that circPDCD11 acts as an oncogene for TNBC, providing a promising prognostic biomarker for TNBC.
Flavonoids from Rosa davurica Pall. fruits prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity and liver injury via modulation of the gut microbiota in mice
Authors: Shen Chun-Yan , Hao Yun-Fang , Hao Zhan-Xi , Liu Qiang , Zhang Lu , Jiang Cui-Ping , Jiang Jian-Guo 
Published: August 2021

Flavonoid-rich extracts from Rosa davurica Pall. fruits (RDPF) significantly prevented obesity, lipid accumulation, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress and gut microbiota disorder in high-fat diet-fed mice. Thus, RDPF was a novel anti-obesity agent.
RETRACTED: Analysis of a building collaborative platform for Industry 4.0 based on Building Information Modelling technology
Authors: Ding Chungang , Kohli Rashi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTechnology and revolutions have powered the growth of Industry 4.0, the fourth industrial uprising. Industry 4.0 inspires progress and expansion through its efficiency capacity, as given in the literature. To improve the design quality and design efficiency of construction engineering units, this study adopts Building Information Modelling technology concepts. The implementation of Building Information Modelling in construction developments includes the digital demonstration of the fleshly and efficient features of the constituents that organise a production project. The centre for International Finance Corporation Standards' research is to achieve the goal of collaborative work in the whole life cycle of buildings and the Building Information Modelling technology building collaboration platform. Current challenges and limitations of the typical Building Information Modelling architectural collaboration platform based on the Building Information Modelling application are discussed in detail with some possible suggestions. The research shows that the development of a Building Information Modelling architectural collaboration platform based on the Building Information Modelling application software is very critical. The construction collaboration platform based on Building Information Modelling technology can achieve a higher degree of data sharing and strengthen the coordination of the work of various agencies in construction engineering.
Homöopathie und Psychotherapie bei der Behandlung von Angsterkrankungen und Depressionen
Authors: Pfanzelt Ingrid 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungPsychotherapie und Homöopathie können in der Behandlung von Angsterkrankungen und Depressionen gut kombiniert werden. Homöopathie kann ähnlich wirken wie eine psychopharmakologische Behandlung – beruhigend und lindernd bei akuten Beschwerden und Krisen. Die psychisch-emotionale Erlebnisfähigkeit bleibt bei homöopathischer Begleitbehandlung erhalten. Anhand von 3 Fallbeispielen wird gezeigt, bei welchen Indikationen sich die Kombinationstherapie eignet und wie ein geeignetes Setting aussehen kann.
Indian Expert Opinion on Cancer Care during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vaid Ashok K. , Malhotra Hemant , Thirumalairaj Raja , Nair Reena , Bapna Ajay , Rajappa Senthil J. , Somashekhar S. P. , Goswami Chanchal , Bajpai Jyoti 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCoronavirus pandemic has increased human disease burden, as well as economic distress globally. Being in an immunocompromised state, patients with cancer comprise an important at-risk population for novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. It is necessary to modify individualized clinical management for every cancer patient in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Simultaneously, additional safety precautions for the cancer care providers are mandatory. This review will provide general recommendations in the Indian context optimizing the same.
Cancer Patient Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Audit of a Single-Surgeon Unit in a COVID-Hotspot
Authors: Busheri Laleh , Nare Smeeta , Banale Rituja , Bapat Ashwini , Nagarkar Moushumi , Vetale Deepali , Joseph Rebecca , Suryawanshi Swapnil , Alhat Rashmi , Thomas George , Navgire Ruth , Ansari Danish , Unde Rohini , Shaikh Shahin , Gangurde Nutan , Dixit Santosh , Varghese Beenu , Deshmukh Chetan , Kelkar Devaki A. , Kulkarni Madhura , Koppiker Chaitanyanand B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe report evaluates the effect of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on breast cancer treatment and management at a single-surgeon cancer care unit in one of the hotspots of COVID-19 in India. In response to the pandemic, the adjustments were made in the clinical practice to accommodate social distancing. Patient consultations were done over phone call or in-clinic visit with prior appointment to reduce the risk of exposure to COVID-19. Total number of patients that were treated at the clinic and the essential surgeries performed during the pandemic phases are summarized in the report. The methodology adopted here for care and management of the cancer patients can serve as a guiding principle for cancer care units in the country.