bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of 3′‐O‐Alkyl Homologues and a Biotin Probe of Isorhamnetin and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Efficacy on Cancer Cells
Authors: Yang Zhuojin , Zheng Yi , Tursumamat Nafisa , Zhu Mingyan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIsorhamnetin is a natural flavonoid which shows a variety of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and antitumor. In order to identify the cellular binding protein of isorhamnetin as potential anti‐cancer target, we first synthesized 3′‐O‐substituted quercetin as isorhamnetin homologues and evaluated the growth inhibitory activity of these derivatives on breast, colon and prostate cancer cell lines. The preliminary results showed that the 3′‐O modification did not affect the cytotoxic activity of the scaffold. Analysis of the co‐crystal structure and the docking pose of isorhamnetin with reported binding protein of isorhamnetin or quercetin indicated the 3′‐O‐substitution groups located outside of the binding pocket, which is in accordance with activity of 3′‐O derivatives. Then a biotin conjugate of isorhamnetin with a tetraethylene glycol (PEG)4 linker at the 3′ position was synthesized and the resulting probe retained the anti‐proliferative activity on cancer cell lines, while the cellular fluorescence analysis showed the distribution of probe inside the cells which indicated the probe had limited cell permeability. Finally, pull down assay both in situ inside cells and in the cell lysates indicated the isorhamnetin biotin probe was capable of protein labeling in cell lysates. These findings provide the isorhamnetin 3′‐O‐biotin probe as a tool to reveal the target proteins of isorhamnetin.
The clinical impact of chronic liver disease in patients undergoing transcatheter and surgical aortic valve replacement: Systematic analysis of the 2011–2017 US hospital database
Authors: Lee David Uihwan , Han John , Fan Gregory Hongyuan , Hastie David Jeffrey , Kwon Jean , Lee Ki Jung , Addonizio Elyse Ann , Karagozian Raffi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, we use a national database to evaluate post‐transcatheter (TAVR)/surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) outcomes stratified using chronic liver disease (CLD).BackgroundIn patients undergoing TAVR and SAVR, the surgical risks should be optimized; this includes evaluating hepatic diseases that may pose an operative risk.Methods2011–2017 National Inpatient Sample was used to select in‐hospital TAVR and SAVR cases, which were stratified according to CLD (cirrhosis, hepatitis B/C, alcoholic/fatty/nonspecific liver disease). The cases–controls were matched using propensity score matching and compared with various endpoints.ResultAfter matching for demographics and comorbidities, for TAVR, 606 and 1818 were with or without CLD; for SAVR, 1353 and 4059 were with and without CLD. In TAVR, there was no differences in mortality (2.81% vs. 2.75% OR 1.02 95% CI 0.58–1.78) or length of stay (6.29 vs. 6.44d p = 0.29), and CLD‐present patients had marginally increased costs ($228,415 vs. $226,682 p = 0.048). There were no differences in complications. In multivariate, there was no difference in mortality (aOR 1.02 95% CI 0.58–1.79). In SAVR, CLD patients had higher mortality (7.98% vs. 3.23% OR 2.60 95% CI 2.00–3.38), length of stay (13.3 vs. 11.3 days p < 0.001), and costs ($273,487 vs. $238,097 p < 0.001). CLD patients also had increased respiratory failure (9.02% vs. 7.19% OR 1.28 95% CI 1.03–1.59) and bleeding (8.43% vs. 6.33% OR 1.36 95% CI 1.08–1.71). In multivariate, CLD had higher mortality (aOR 2.60 95% CI 2.00–3.38).ConclusionCLD is associated with higher mortality and complications in patients undergoing SAVR; however, no correlation was found in patients undergoing TAVR.
Successful treatment of COVID‐19‐related acute respiratory distress syndrome with a rare blood type: A case report
Authors: Yamada Hiroyuki , Ohtsuru Shigeru , Nagatomo Mika , Korogi Yohei , Shinozuka Ken , Tanabe Naoya , Kai Shinichi , Matsubara Takeshi , Ito Isao , Ihara Masahiro , Tanaka Tomoharu , Kato Genta , Nagao Miki , Date Hiroshi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation is indispensable for critically severe COVID‐19 patients. However, it would be inapplicable to patients with a rare blood type or blood transfusion refusal. In that case, severely conservative fluid management with the sacrifice of renal functions and hydrocortisone therapy should be considered for better oxygenation.
Hypoglycemia secondary to insulinoma masking the onset of type 1 diabetes in an adolescent
Authors: Subramani Sriya , Bellizzi Andrew M. , Borcherding Nicholas , Kao Simon C. , Dillon Joseph , Howe James , Norris Andrew W. , Tansey Michael J. , Pinnaro Catherina T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractType 1 diabetes and insulinoma can co‐occur in pediatric patients and may present with episodes of hypo‐ and hyperglycemia, significant glycemic variability, and weight gain. Surgical resection leads to development of fulminant diabetes.
H‐type indices with applications in chemometrics II: h‐outlyingness index
Authors: Yang Qin , Xu Lu , Tian Guo‐Li , Wu Ben‐Qing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn outlier is generally considered as a data point that deviates from the “bulk” of all the data points. For outlier diagnosis, two questions could be asked: (1) How far is an object from the bulk? and (2) how many data points do the “bulk” include? To simultaneously deal with the above two questions, the h‐outlyingness index (HOI) is defined as suppose a given data point in a data set of N data points, if at most M% of all the (N − 1) one‐to‐rest distances is no less than M% of all the N(N − 1)/2 pairwise distances, the HOI value for the given data point will be M%. For applications, HOI was used for outlier diagnosis in simulated and real data sets, and the results were compared with those obtained by some robust statistical methods. Compared with the traditional methods, HOI gained similar results. For high‐dimensional data, it was wise to compute HOI based on dimension reduction methods such as principal component analysis (PCA). HOI was demonstrated to be a simple, easy‐to‐compute, robust and effective index for outlier diagnosis. Moreover, HOI is a nonparametric method that has no underlying assumptions on data distribution, which will be useful in chemometrics for multivariate outlier diagnosis.
Fibrous gel polymer electrolyte for an ultrastable and highly safe flexible lithium‐ion battery in a wide temperature range
Authors: Li Ke , Shen Wei , Xu Tao , Yang Lu , Xu Xiaobing , Yang Feiyao , Zhang Lijuan , Wang Yangjian , Zhou Yaning , Zhong Mengjuan , Wei Di 
Published: September 2021

AbstractReplacement of flammable liquid electrolytes with gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) is a promising route to improve the safety of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, polymer‐based electrolytes have limited suitability at low/high temperatures due to the instability of the polymer at high temperatures and the low ionic conductivity of the gel state at low temperatures. Herein, an integrated design of electrodes/fibrous GPEs modified with graphene oxide (GO) is reported. Due to the integrated structure of electrodes/GPEs, the strong interface affinity between electrodes and GPEs ensures that the GPEs spun on electrodes do not shrink at high temperatures (160–180°C), thus preventing a short circuit of electrodes. Moreover, after GO modification, oxygen‐containing functional groups of GO can accelerate Li+ transport of GO‐GPEs even at a low temperature of −15°C. When these GPEs are applied to flexible LIBs, the LIBs show excellent electrochemical performance, with satisfactory cycling stability of 82.9% at 1 C after 1000 cycles at 25°C. More importantly, at a high temperature of 160°C, the LIBs can also discharge normally and light the green light‐emitting diode. Furthermore, at a low temperature of −15°C, 92.7% of its room‐temperature capacity can be obtained due to the accelerated Li+ transport caused by GO modification, demonstrating the great potential of this electrolyte and integrated structure for practical gel polymer LIB applications.
Poincaré and his polarization sphere
Authors: Kahr Bart 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn a text (1892) on light, Jules Henri Poincaré introduced a geometrical device for tracking the polarization of state of light interacting with matter. Poincaré first mapped all polarization ellipses onto the surface of sphere and changes of state were represented as rotations from one point to another about prescribed axes depending on linear optical properties of the medium. Here, we consider how Poincaré, the mathematician, invented his sphere. Poincaré's professional activities in the service of geodesy appear at first glance to provide a borrowed geometry for his one‐to‐one mapping of polarization ellipses to global lines of latitude and longitude. However, this association falls apart in the face of a close reading of Poincaré's biography and his influences, especially the research interests of his teachers from the École Polytechnique and the Écoles de Mines. The work of Tissot and Mallard on distortion ellipses in cartography and the etiology of optical activity in crystals, respectively, together with Poincaré's own study of the qualitative theory of differential equations, provide the iconography of, and motivation for, the sphere. Whether Poincaré's mentors were unwitting partners in the invention of the sphere—it is impossible to be sure—Poincaré's otherworldly geometric sensibilities carried him through isometries (rotations) on hyperbolic planes and beyond. The apparent ingenuity behind Poincaré's sphere is diminished in comparison to his fulsome achievements. Moreover, Poincaré's considerations of the psychology of invention further emphasize that sometimes great ideas arrive to those fortunate to receive them by mechanisms that resist interpretation.
A proficient approach for face detection and recognition using machine learning and high‐performance computing
Authors: Singh Astha , Prakash Shiv , Kumar Ankit , Kumar Divya 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThe objective of this article is to increase the efficiency of face recognition in the aspect of a dynamic frame. Studies were carried out that focus on maintaining the high detection rate as well as increasing the accuracy. The study was conducted by considering the current recording of the dynamic frame of randomly selected people walking on a treadmill. Here, the variety of facial features was studied and extracted using different viewing angles on the subject. The existence of a huge amount of datasets and economical processing power is subject to value enhancement in the presence of a convolutional neural network (CNN) on different object identification and realization criteria. These methodologies with excellent knowledge of deep learning techniques that subjects to enhance the potential of the machine to learn the face values. CNN is capable to identify faces, positive positioning facial benchmarks, estimating postures and understanding faces in interconnected images and dynamic video frames. In this article, we present a novel phase detector technique that is rapid and has the potential of recognizing faces with huge changes. This is performed by a technique of using adopted CNN and recurrent neural network's subpart long‐short term memory technique in a particular way so that the objective of bringing improvement in the reorganization procedure can be fulfilled. And this was completed by getting 97.5%–98.1% of accuracy is sustained in this.
Unfolding of Tryptophanoctyl Ester and Elastic Deformation of Host Micelles via RR'3N+⋅⋅⋅π Interaction: Conceivable Relevance to Wrapping Process of Receptor Mediated Endocytosis
Authors: Chakraborty Gulmi , Bardhan Soumik , Saha Swapan K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe interfacial properties of the mixed amphiphiles are modified by a stronger cation‐π interaction between the quaternary ammonium head group of CTAB and the π‐face of TROE, compared to the tyrosine analogue (TYOE). This eventually triggers a morphology transition through elastic deformation of the spherical micelles of CTAB to cylindrical/wormlike micelles. The unfolding of TROE and the molecular interactions in the nanoenvironment have been recognized by NMR spectroscopy and the physical characteristics of the entangled wormlike micelles are investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), whereas the complex fluidic feature is examined by dynamic rheological measurements. Morphology tuning of the soft nanoaggregates of zwitterionic dodecylphosphocholine by the tryptophan analogue via choline‐π interaction has unique biological consequences and we consider the significance of such interactions in facilitating endocytosis of a virion/nano particle(NP) in terms of a quantitative model. The implication in future research on drug development strategies is discussed.
Recessive male floret color for tracking gene flow in cultivated northern wild rice (Zizania palustris L.)
Authors: Gietzel Clare , Duquette Jacques , McGilp Lillian , Kimball Jennifer 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNorthern wild rice (NWR; Zizania palustris L.) is a wind‐pollinated, annual, aquatic grass that grows naturally in the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada and is also cultivated in flooded paddies, predominantly in California and Minnesota. A better understanding of pollen‐mediated gene flow is needed within the species for both conservation and breeding efforts as cultivation occurs within the species’ natural range and spatially‐isolated, paddy structures are limited within breeding programs. Widely‐cited pollen travel research in NWR demonstrated that pollen could travel at least 3200 m. However, a population segregating for male sterility was used as the pollen recipient in the study and was determined to not be adequate for NWR pollen travel studies. Here, we present the characterization of a recessive white male floret (WMF) population in contrast to the dominant, purple male floret (PMF) color of cultivated NWR along with estimates of pollen‐mediated gene flow in a cultivated paddy setting. Studies conducted in 2018 and 2019 revealed that the primary amount of pollen‐mediated gene flow occurred within the first 7 m from the PMF donor source with no gene flow detected past 63 m. These results suggest that the likelihood of pollen‐mediated gene flow between cultivated NWR and natural stands remains low. We also identified a strong linkage between male floret, collar, and culm color. This study demonstrates that the WMF trait is an excellent candidate for use in pollen‐mediated gene flow studies in NWR.
A new hexagonal quadrature amplitude modulation aided media‐based modulation
Authors: Aydin Erdogan 
Published: September 2021

SummaryIn this paper, a new high‐data rated and energy‐efficient hexagonal quadrature amplitude modulation aided media‐based modulation scheme, called HQAM‐MBM, is proposed for the next‐generation communication systems. In MBM, mirror activation patterns (MAPs) of a reconfigurable antenna have been used to convey extra information in addition to conventional modulated symbols. Therefore, the MBM is seen as a promising index modulation (IM) scheme for the next generation of high‐data rated communication systems. On the other hand, the HQAM constellation scheme is more energy‐efficient than traditional QAM but also has a similar performance at high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) values. Hence, the HQAM technique can appear as a promising energy‐efficient scheme for 5G and beyond networking systems. From this point forth, it has been found appropriate to propose the rational HQAM‐MBM technique, which uses an energy‐efficient HQAM constellation instead of a traditional QAM constellation, and also carries additional information with the indices of the MAPs of a reconfigurable antenna. Besides, it has been shown via computer simulations that the HQAM‐MBM system has lower transmission energy than QAM‐MBM systems. Performance analysis of the HQAM‐MBM scheme is evaluated on Rayleigh fading channels.
Will fencing floodplain and riverine wetlands from feral pig damage conserve fish community values?
Authors: Waltham Nathan J. , Schaffer Jason 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInstallation of feral pig (Sus scrofa) exclusion fences to conserve and rehabilitate coastal floodplain habitat for fish production and water quality services remains untested. Twenty‐one floodplain and riverine wetlands in the Archer River catchment (north Queensland) were surveyed during postwet (June–August) and late‐dry season (November–December) in 2016, 2017, and 2018, using a fyke net soaked overnight (~14–15 hr) to test: (a) whether the fish assemblage are similar in wetlands with and without fences; and (b) whether specific environmental conditions influence fish composition between fenced and unfenced wetlands. A total of 6,353 fish representing twenty‐six species from 15 families were captured. There were no wetland differences in fish assemblages across seasons, years and for fenced and unfenced (PERMANOVA, Pseudo‐F < 0.589, p < .84). Interestingly, the late‐dry season fish were far smaller compared to postwet season fish: a strategy presumably in place to maximize rapid disposal following rain and floodplain connectivity. In each wetland, a calibrated Hydrolab was deployed (between 2 and4 days, with 20 min logging) in the epilimnion (0.2 m) and revealed distinct diel water quality cycling of temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH (conductivity represented freshwater wetlands), which was more obvious in the late‐dry season survey because of extreme summer conditions. Water quality varied among wetlands in terms of the daily amplitude and extent of daily photosynthesis recovery, which highlights the need to consider local conditions and that applying general assumptions around water quality conditions for these types of wetlands is problematic for managers. Though many fish access wetlands during wet season connection, the seasonal effect of reduced water level conditions seems more overimprovised when compared to whether fences are installed, as all wetlands supported few, juvenile, or no fish species because they had dried completely regardless of the presence of fences.
Helios is a marker, not a driver, of human Treg stability
Authors: Lam Avery J. , Uday Prakruti , Gillies Jana K. , Levings Megan K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTreg therapy holds promise as a potentially curative approach to establish immune tolerance in transplantation and autoimmune disease. An outstanding question is whether therapeutic Tregs have the potential to transdifferentiate into effector T‐cells and, thus, exacerbate rather than suppress immune responses. In mice, the transcription factor Helios is thought to promote Treg lineage stability in a range of inflammatory contexts. In humans, the role of Helios in Tregs is less clear, in part, due to the inability to enrich and study subsets of Helios‐positive versus Helios‐negative Tregs. Using an in vitro expansion system, we found that loss of high Helios expression and emergence of an intermediate Helios (Heliosmid)‐expressing population correlated with Treg destabilization. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to genetically ablate Helios expression in human naive or memory Tregs and found that Helios‐KO and unedited Tregs were equivalent in their suppressive function and stability in inflammation. Thus, high Helios expression is a marker, but not a driver, of human Treg stability in vitro. These data highlight the importance of monitoring Helios expression in therapeutic Treg manufacturing and provide new insight into the biological function of this transcription factor in human T‐cells.
Metal‐Free and syn‐Selective Hydrohalogenation of Alkynes through a Pseudo‐Intramolecular Process
Authors: Asahara Haruyasu , Mukaijo Yusuke , Muragishi Kengo , Iwai Kento , Ito Akitaka , Nishiwaki Nagatoshi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA new metal‐free hydrohalogenation method for alkynes has been developed, which proceeds through a pseudo‐intramolecular process. In this reaction, ethynylaniline serves as a substrate to quantitatively form an anilinium salt upon treatment with hydrochloric acid. The spatial proximity facilitates the efficient electrophilic addition of HCl to the ethynyl group in syn‐mode, affording the corresponding chloroalkene without overaddition. This protocol was applied to HBr and HI, and the corresponding bromo‐ and iodoalkenes were obtained, respectively. The obtained chloroalkene was converted to tri‐substituted alkenes possessing different aryl/alkynyl groups through Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions.
Nanostructured Mesoporous Carbon Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Efficient Detection of Swine Flu
Authors: Jain Raghav , Nirbhaya Vishakha , Chandra Ramesh , Kumar Suveen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the serum sample of swine flu patients, the novel Serum Amyloid A (SAA) protein has been secreted in higher concentration (49.4±14.1 μg mL−1) with respect tothe normal subject (12.2±15.0 μg mL−1), so SAA protein has been used in swine flu diagnosis. In present work, we developed nanostructured mesoporous carbon (mPC) based electrochemical biosensor for the swine flu detection. The mPC was synthesized through the thermal decomposition process, and with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTES), amine functionalization of mPC was carried out. The obtained product was further deposited onto the functionalized indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass electrode using electrophoretic deposition unit with 40V DC voltage for 150 sec. Next, biofunctionalization with monoclonal anti‐SAA antibodies (anti‐SAA) was carried out onto the APTES/mPC/ITO electrode by EDC‐NHS covalent chemistry and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to block non‐specific binding sites. The structural and morphological, characterization of the mPC and fabricated electrodes were investigated using X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. However, surface area and porosity analysis were investigated via Brauner‐Emmett‐Teller technique. Next, the electrochemical characterization and response studies were performed by cyclic voltammetry technique. The fabricated biosensing platform (BSA/anti‐SAA/APTES/mPC/ITO) exhibited excellent sensitivity of 1.69 μA mL μg−1 cm−2, wider linear detection range between 30–70 μg mL−1 with a limit of detection of 3.1 μg mL−1. The biosensing performance of the fabricated biosensing platform was also investigated in artificial serum samples and showed a good correlation with the obtained electrochemical response.
The preparation, characterization, and electrooxidation of colloidal palladium modified poly(methacrylic acid) hydrogel as formic acid fuel cell anode catalyst
Authors: Kivrak Hilal , Khalid Sarwar , Caglar Aykut , Alpaslan Duygu , Selcuk Kadir , Dudu Tuba Ersen , Aktas Nahit 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAt present, poly(methacrylic acid) (MA), poly(MA) hydrogel, and Pd‐doped poly(MA) hydrogel modified electrodes are constructed on graphite pencil (G). The Pd precursor is coated on the poly(MA)/G electrodes surface using the electrodeposition method. These electrodes are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray. Poly(MA) hydrogel and Pd‐doped poly(MA) hydrogel are successfully prepared by the polymerization and further electrodeposition. Formic acid electro‐oxidation (FAEO) activities are examined with cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Poly(MA)/G and Pd doped poly(MA) electrodes exhibit promising electro‐catalytic activity with 60 mA current density, greater than literature values. Pd‐doped poly(MA) hydrogel electrodes are promising electrodes for FAEO.