bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive hyperallometry and managing the world’s fisheries
Authors: Marshall Dustin J. , Bode Michael , Mangel Marc , Arlinghaus Robert , Dick E. J. 
Published: August 2021

SignificanceWe find that a ubiquitous assumption in fisheries models for predicting population replenishment introduces systematic overestimates of replenishment in fished populations. For 32 of the world’s major fisheries, these biases result in harvest thresholds being set too high: in most cases, reference points based on spawning potential ratios are more than 2.5 times higher than those necessary to achieve the desired level of replenishment. When we use the more biologically appropriate assumption of reproductive hyperallometry, we find that management tools such as spatiotemporal closures and harvest slots can outperform traditional approaches in terms of yield. Failing to consider reproductive hyperallometry overestimates the efficacy of traditional fisheries management and underestimates the benefits of approaches that create reservoirs of larger individuals.
Is there tree senescence? The fecundity evidence
Authors: Qiu Tong , Aravena Marie-Claire , Andrus Robert , Ascoli Davide , Bergeron Yves , Berretti Roberta , Bogdziewicz Michal , Boivin Thomas , Bonal Raul , Caignard Thomas , Calama Rafael , Julio Camarero J. , Clark Connie J. , Courbaud Benoit , Delzon Sylvain , Donoso Calderon Sergio , Farfan-Rios William , Gehring Catherine A. , Gilbert Gregory S. , Greenberg Cathryn H. , Guo Qinfeng , Hille Ris Lambers Janneke , Hoshizaki Kazuhiko , Ibanez Ines , Journé Valentin , Kilner Christopher L. , Kobe Richard K. , Koenig Walter D. , Kunstler Georges , LaMontagne Jalene M. , Ledwon Mateusz , Lutz James A. , Motta Renzo , Myers Jonathan A. , Nagel Thomas A. , Nuñez Chase L. , Pearse Ian S. , Piechnik Łukasz , Poulsen John R. , Poulton-Kamakura Renata , Redmond Miranda D. , Reid Chantal D. , Rodman Kyle C. , Scher C. Lane , Schmidt Van Marle Harald , Seget Barbara , Sharma Shubhi , Silman Miles , Swenson Jennifer J. , Swift Margaret , Uriarte Maria , Vacchiano Giorgio , Veblen Thomas T. , Whipple Amy V. , Whitham Thomas G. , Wion Andreas P. , Wright S. Joseph , Zhu Kai , Zimmerman Jess K. , Żywiec Magdalena , Clark James S. 
Published: August 2021

SignificancePhysiological decline in large, old trees could involve diminished reproductive effort, but evidence is lacking. A global analysis finds that fecundity decline in large trees is pervasive, consistent with physiological decline, thus providing new evidence for tree senescence. For the 20% of species not showing fecundity declines, this lack of evidence was linked not to specific species groups, but rather to lack of large trees in the data. Large trees remain important for their structural attributes, but results highlight the critical role of intermediate trees for their contribution to reproduction.
Homonational tongue?
Authors: Itakura Kyohei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis ethnographic writing animates the communal role of language throughonē-kotoba(queen’s language) among Ni-chōme volleyballers (amateur volleyball-loving gay men in Tokyo). This gayly effeminate speech style remains firmly entrenched in Japanese media-representations of gay male characters despite its alleged rejection by actual gay men as well as its problematic characterization as being disrespectful to women. By adopting an ethnographic approach anchored in performance studies, I addressonē-kotobanot in media but one real, perhaps unexpected, context of use. As Ni-chōme volleyballers swing between discretion and disclosure by fashioning language(/gender), such tactical performance ofonē-kotobalubricates an aesthetically pro-silence erotic play in tension with Japan’s – retrospectively and arguably – family-oriented, if not homophobic, sociocultural orientation resistant to “out-and-proud” activism. Overall, this ethnographic research highlights the enduring difficulty of radical coalition among diverse populations, as I spotlight Ni-chōme volleyballers by discussing what has been in Japan in relation to the Euro-American resistance-minded queer theory.
The Hay Festival: Sustainable Impacts on a Small Welsh Town
Authors: Jenkins Ian S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Hay Festival has emerged as one of the leading festivals in the UK. It has developed from a small rural festival in 1988 to being a literary global signature festival. This case explores the exponential growth of a small rural festival and illustrates the economic benefits to a rural community while also identifying the issues of sustainability of a large festival in a small rural town on the Welsh–English border. Environmental and community integrity have now become a challenge for the festival.

Information

Adapted from previous work in the book
Literary Tourism: Theory, Practice and Case Studies
by Ian S. Jenkins, CAB International, 2019.

© CAB International 2019
Influence of environmental conditions and surface treatments on the photoluminescence properties of GaN nanowires and nanofins
Authors: Kraut Max , Pantle Florian , Wörle Simon , Sirotti Elise , Zeidler Andreas , Eckmann Felix , Stutzmann Martin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Due to their intrinsically large surface-to-volume ratio, nanowires and nanofins interact strongly with their environment. We investigate the role of the main air constituents nitrogen, oxygen and water on the efficiency of radiative recombination in GaN nanostructures as a function of different surface treatments and at temperatures up to 200 °C. Oxygen and water exposures exhibit a complex behavior as they can both act quenching and enhancing on the photoluminescence intensity dependent on the temperature. For oxygen, these characteristics are already observed for low concentrations of below 0.5% in nitrogen. While the photoluminescence intensity changes induced by oxygen occur independently of illumination, the influence of water is light-induced: it evolves within tens of seconds under ultraviolet light exposure and is heavily influenced by the nanostructure pre-treatment. In contrast to observations in dry atmospheres, water prevents a recovery of the photoluminescence intensity in the dark. Combined measurements of the electrical current through GaN nanofins and their photoluminescence intensity reveal the environmental influence on the interaction of non-radiative recombination processes and changes in the surface band bending of the nanostructures. Several investigated solvents show an enhancing effect on the PL intensity increase, peaking in c-hexane with a 26-fold increase after 6 min of light exposure. Stabilization of the PL intensity was achieved by a passivation of the GaN surface with Ga
x
O
y
, and ZnO shells. Surprisingly, Al2O3 coatings resulted in a highly instable PL intensity during the first minutes of illumination. Our findings reveal the high importance of controlled environmental conditions for the investigation of nanostructures, especially when aimed at their applications in the fields of environmental sensing, photo-catalysis and light-emitting diodes.
An efficient channelization architecture and its implementation for radio astronomy
Authors: Liu W. , Meng Q. , Wang C. , Zhou C. , Yao S. , Tariq I. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Channelization is one of the most important parts in a
Digital Back-End(DBE) for radio astronomy. A DBE with wider
bandwidth and higher resolution consumes larger amount of computing
and memory resources, which results in much higher hardware
cost. This paper presents an efficient channelization architecture,
which consists of Bit-Inverted, Parallel Complex Fast Fourier
Transform(BIPC-FFT) and In-place Forward-Backward
Decomposition(IPFBD). The efficient architecture can assist with
saving a lot of resources, so a wide-band and high-resolution DBE
can be implemented on an resource restricted platform. Based on the
efficient channelization architecture, we designed a Dual-Input,
64K-Channelized prototype DBE with 1.2 GHz bandwidth on a Xilinx
Virtex-6 LX240T Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) chip. The test
results in the lab and observation results at Yunnan Observatory
demonstrate the DBE can be used for radio astronomy.
purgeR: inbreeding and purging in pedigreed populations
Authors: López-Cortegano Eugenio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Summary
Inbreeding depression and genetic purging are important processes shaping the survivability and evolution of small populations. However, detecting purging is challenging in practice, in part because there are limited tools dedicated to it. I present a new R package to assist population analyses on detection and quantification of the inbreeding depression and genetic purging of biological fitness in pedigreed populations. It includes a collection of methods to estimate different measurements of inbreeding (Wright’s, partial and ancestral inbreeding coefficients) as well as purging parameters (purged inbreeding, and opportunity of purging coefficients). Additional functions are also included to estimate population parameters, allowing to contextualize inbreeding and purging these results in terms of the population demographic history. purgeR is a valuable tool to gain insight into processes related to inbreeding and purging, and to better understand fitness and inbreeding load evolution in small populations.

Availability and implementation
purgeR is an R package available at CRAN, and can be installed via install.packages(“purgeR”). Source code is maintained at a GitLab repository (https://gitlab.com/elcortegano/purgeR).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Decolonizing social services through community development: an Anishinaabe experience
Authors: Niigaaniin Mamaweswen , MacNeill Timothy , Ramos-Cortez Carola 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article is a case study of a community review of an income assistance (IA) program from the perspectives of Anishinaabe First Nations communities that interact with Niigaaniin—an Indigenous-run social assistance program. Using a decolonial methodological approach, the review process revealed that the priority of achieving clients’ wellbeing involves engaging in community wellness and development from an Indigenous community-scale perspective. This participatory review of the program of IA enabled a continued decolonization of social services and community development processes, re-signifying the idea of individual-based social services towards a more Indigenous community-oriented focus. This process suggests that decolonization requires that these separate fields be unified into one participatory, community-centred, and practice.
The Community of Shared Future for Mankind and China’s Legalist Turn in International Relations
Authors: de la Rasilla Ignacio , Yayezi HAO 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The introduction presents China’s legalist turn in international relations against the background of the Trump administration’s backlash against international law and international organizations. The next section retraces the origins and evolution of the Community of Shared Future for Mankind (CSFM) up to its incorporation in the preamble to the Chinese Constitution. Section 3 examines the main tenets of the CSFM on the basis of XI Jinping’s writings with the visual aid of a “paifang” (“牌坊”). In this representation of a Chinese architectural arch or gateway structure, the “foundation” of the CSFM is, first, assimilated to China’s acknowledgement of the centrality of “interdependence” in the international community. Second, the “pillars” of the CSFM are identified as the goals of global peace, international common security, inclusive international development and international ecological civilization. Third, the “wooden beams” that bind the CSFM together are assimilated into the principles of sovereign equality, inter-civilizational dialogue and multilateralism, while the principle of “win-win” cooperation is represented as the CSFM’s “frontispiece”. The concluding section points to the benefits of China deepening its legalist approach to international relations as the most fitting companion to its grand strategy of “peaceful/development rise”.
Approximating Closest Vector Problem in ℓ∞-Norm Revisited
Authors: Chen Wenbin , Chen Jianer 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The security of most lattice-based cryptography schemes are based on two computational hard problems which are the short integer solution (SIS) and learning with errors (LWE) problems. The computational complexity of SIS and LWE problems are related to approximating shortest vector problem and bounded distance decoding (BDD) problem. Approximating BDD is a special case of approximating closest vector problem (CVP). In this paper, we revisit the study for approximating CVP. We give a proof that approximating the CVP over $\ell _\infty $-norm (CVP$_\infty $) within any constant factor is NP-hard. The result is obtained by the gap-preserving reduction from Min Total Label Cover problem in $\ell _1$-norm to to CVP$_\infty $. This proof is simpler than known proofs [ 10].
Can Attacks against Embassies Serve as a Basis for the Invocation of Self-Defence? A Reply to Gábor Kajtár and Gergő Balázs
Authors: Ruys Tom 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In their article ‘Beyond Tehran and Nairobi’, Gábor Kajtár and Gergő Balázs examine whether attacks against embassies can qualify as ‘armed attacks’ and thus serve as a basis for the invocation of self-defence. Based on a survey of relevant state practice and opinio juris, and building on an impressive database encompassing more than 730 incidents, the authors conclude that this question must, in all likelihood, be answered in the negative. This Reply raises the question whether the analysis and the material unearthed ultimately corroborate the conclusion which the authors distil therefrom. Upon closer scrutiny, it is suggested that there may be other, more compelling, inferences to be drawn from the material explored than the one hinted at by Kajtár and Balázs.
The Franko Prints: Joseph Urban’s Designs for the American Textile Market
Authors: Horne Sarah Marie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
While historical accounts of the Art Deco style in the United States often focus on the cultural influence of France, this article examines the impact of Viennese design on American taste through the work of architect and designer Joseph Urban. In particular, it offers new evidence that Urban persistently worked to disseminate the design aesthetic of the Wiener Werkstätte beyond the establishment of his renowned, yet short-lived New York gallery, Wiener Werkstätte America. In the early 2000s, the New York gallery Historical Design discovered a printed silk textile designed by Urban and manufactured by a company in Tennessee in 1928. This discovery unearthed the designer’s forgotten foray into textile design and led to the reattribution of dozens of textile samples in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art that were previously believed to be the work of Josef Hoffmann, Dagobert Peche, and Gustav Klimt. This article considers the cultural and social forces that brought these textiles into being and critically examines their source materials to reveal Urban’s continued engagement with motifs drawn from artists associated with the Wiener Werkstätte, as well as his own career, in an effort to promote Viennese Modernism to an American audience.
Genetic Consequences of Biologically Altered Environments
Authors: D’Aguillo Michelle , Hazelwood Caleb , Quarles Brandie , Donohue Kathleen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEvolvable traits of organisms can alter the environment those organisms experience. While it is well appreciated that those modified environments can influence natural selection to which organisms are exposed, they can also influence the expression of genetic variances and covariances of traits under selection. When genetic variance and covariance change in response to changes in the evolving, modified environment, rates and outcomes of evolution also change. Here we discuss the basic mechanisms whereby organisms modify their environments, review how those modified environments have been shown to alter genetic variance and covariance, and discuss potential evolutionary consequences of such dynamics. With these dynamics, responses to selection can be more rapid and sustained, leading to more extreme phenotypes, or they can be slower and truncated, leading to more conserved phenotypes. Patterns of correlated selection can also change, leading to greater or less evolutionary independence of traits, or even causing convergence or divergence of traits, even when selection on them is consistent across environments. Developing evolutionary models that incorporate changes in genetic variances and covariances when environments themselves evolve requires developing methods to predict how genetic parameters respond to environments—frequently multifactorial environments. It also requires a population-level analysis of how traits of collections of individuals modify environments for themselves and/or others in a population, possibly in spatially explicit ways. Despite the challenges of elucidating the mechanisms and nuances of these processes, even qualitative predictions of how environment-modifying traits alter evolutionary potential are likely to improve projections of evolutionary outcomes.
Nutritional interventions for spinal cord injury: preclinical efficacy and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Campos Jonas , Silva Nuno A , Salgado António J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that leads to motor, sensory, and autonomic impairments. Its intrinsic pathophysiological complexity has hindered the establishment of effective treatments for decades. Nutritional interventions (NIs) for SCI have been proposed as a route to circumvent some of the problems associated with this condition. Results obtained in animal models point to a more holistic effect, rather than to specific modulation, of several relevant SCI pathophysiological processes. Indeed, published data have shown NI improves energetic imbalance, oxidative damage, and inflammation, which are promoters of improved proteostasis and neurotrophic signaling, leading ultimately to neuroprotection and neuroplasticity. This review focuses on the most well-documented Nis. The mechanistic implications and their translational potential for SCI are discussed.
Species composition of three size fractions of zooplankton used in routine monitoring of the Barents Sea ecosystem
Authors: Skjoldal Hein Rune 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Size fractionation with 2000 and 1000 μm screens is used by the Institute of Marine Research in Norway in routine monitoring of zooplankton biomass. This study examines the separation of taxa by this procedure. For copepods and cladocerans, the fractionation separates individuals according to their size in a consistent and predictable manner. Individuals up to 0.4 mm in width are contained in the small fraction (&lt;1 mm). From width 0.4 to 0.8 mm, there is a progressive shift from the small to the medium fraction (1–2 mm). From about 0.8 mm width, individuals start to be contained in the large fraction (&gt;2 mm). For Calanus finmarchicus, young copepodites CI–CIII are contained in the small fraction, while the older stages CV and adults are contained in the medium fraction. Small copepods (Oithona, Oncaea, Microcalanus, Pseudocalanus) are contained in the small fraction, as are most appendicularians and meroplanktonic invertebrate larvae. The large fraction includes large copepods, larger individuals of chaetognaths, krill and amphipods. The consistency of separation of taxa by size will help to interpret and improve the ecological relevance of results on size-fractioned zooplankton biomass in the Barents Sea as well as other high-latitude areas.
The Allocation of Authority in Organizations: A Field Experiment with Bureaucrats
Authors: Bandiera Oriana , Best Michael Carlos , Khan Adnan Qadir , Prat Andrea 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe design a field experiment to study how the allocation of authority between frontline procurement officers and their monitors affects performance both directly and through the response to incentives. In collaboration with the government of Punjab, Pakistan, we shift authority from monitors to procurement officers and introduce financial incentives in a sample of 600 procurement officers in 26 districts. We find that autonomy alone reduces prices by 9% without reducing quality and that the effect is stronger when the monitor tends to delay approvals for purchases until the end of the fiscal year. In contrast, the effect of performance pay is muted, except when agents face a monitor who does not delay approvals. Time use data reveal agents’ responses vary along the same margin: autonomy increases the time devoted to procurement, and this leads to lower prices only when monitors cause delays. By contrast, incentives work when monitors do not cause delays. The results illustrate that organizational design and anti-corruption policies must balance agency issues at different levels of the hierarchy.
Strengthening the impact of Doctor of Nursing Practice projects in education and clinical practice
Authors: Melander Sheila , Hampton Debra , Garritano Nicole , Makowski Andrew , Hardin-Pierce Melanie , Scott Leslie , Tovar Elizabeth , Biddle Martha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
The significance and value of Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) projects can be potentiated by collaboration between educators and practice leaders and when students build on previous DNP projects, as demonstrated in this article. Projects can have a longstanding financial, quality, and outcome impact, helping demonstrate the worth and efficacy of the DNP degree.