bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Decision Conflict and Decision Regret Among Postoperative Breast Cancer Patients in China: The Regulating Role of Decision-Making Preparation
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Qingyue , Pang Jianmei , Shi Liyuan , Wang Xiaoyuan , Yan Di , Yin Jian , Qiang Wanmin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: Different surgical methods have different risks and benefits. The Chinese breast cancer(BC) patients’ decision-making of surgical treatment become a critical research question. Patients are often offered several options before surgery, and decision preparation play an important role in decision process. However some patients regret the original decision afterward. To understand the current situation, this study explore mainly explores the status of decision regret among newly diagnosed BC patients,and tests the relationship between decision conflicts, decision-making preparation, and decision regrets. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Totally 320 postoperative BC patients were studied using a self-made general data scale, Decision Regret Scale, Decision Conflict Scale, and Preparation for Decision Making Scale. Basic descriptive analyses, Pearson’s correlation analyses and regression analyses were performed. Results: The average score of decision regret among BC patients after surgery was 34.28. Decision regret was positively associated with decision conflict (r=0.853, p<0.01), and negatively associated decision preparation (r=-0.404, p<0.01). Decision-making preparation plays a regulatory role for the emergence of decision conflicts and regrets. The correlation between decision conflicts and decision regrets increases with the increase of decision-making preparation. Conclusion: The adverse effects of decision conflicts on decision regrets gradually increase with the increase of decision-making preparation. Results indicate that reducing decision preparation can be expected to improve the level of decision regret among Chinese BC patients.Thus, Clinical staffs should encourage patients to actively participate in decision-making, provide specialized information support, and improve the level of decision regret among Chinese BCpatients after surgery.
Fungal biotransformation of limonene and pinene as a biotechnological approach for production of aroma compounds
Authors: Sevalho Elison de Souza , Paulino Bruno Nicolau , de Souza Antonia Queiroz Lima , de Souza Afonso Duarte Leão 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The number of aroma compounds obtained by biotechnological process has increased tremendously in recent years and, as a result, are now being extensively employed in order to make products more attractive for consumers. In the present review, we inten to assess the wide range of reactions are catalyzed by fungal strains in regards to biotransformation of limonene and pinene for the aroma compounds production, their production rates/maximum concentrations and their biological potential. We comprehensively summarized in this review available data (2000–2021) regarding fungal biotransformation of limonene and pinene as biotechnological processes. Over the past years, has been paid to the biotransformation processes due to mild and environmentally friendly conditions applied. This review has shown that reports on the application of the fungi as a promising source of biocatalysts, mainly for stereoselective reactions such as hydroxylation and epoxidation. Studies have demonstrated the existence of promising monoterpenes used as substrates, which could be important from an industrial standpoint since this increases their importance as starting materials for obtaining aromatic molecules new. Moreover, biological (e.g.,antioxidant, anticancer) activities attributed to some monoterpene biotransformation products are increasingly being reported, indicating that their applications may transcend food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.
Medical Cannabis Use in Cancer Patients: Understanding Important Patient Reported Outcomes
Authors: Worster Brooke , Schmida Ayako , Garber Gregory , Posner Ilise , Ahmed Christopher , Lee Andrew , Leader Amy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The efficacy of cannabis in various symptom management strategies remains mixed. This study assess the impact of medical cannabis on cancer pain, nausea and vomiting, quality of life and cost impact on cancer patients. We enrolled 121 adult patients receiving treatment at an urban NCI-Designated cancer center. Patients completed a one-time telephone survey after certification. Patients with hematologic malignancies used cannabis products longer than solid cancer patients (heme = 10.5 months, solid = 6.2 months, p = 0.016). Positive trends in symptom relief occurred frequently, but did not reach statistical significance while detrimental effects on symptoms or quality of life were rarely noted. Younger patients (< 65) spent more money monthly on cannabis than older patients. The majority of participants reported improvements in cancer-related pain, nausea and quality of life. While much remains unknown about the use of cannabis in cancer patients, this study highlights a successful modality to help patients navigate a complex system to engage in safe, tolerable cannabis use.
Early Stopping Criterion for Recursive Least Squares Training of Behavioural Models
Authors: Loughman Meabh , Barton Sinead , Farrell Ronan , Dooley John 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As the physical makeup of cellular base-stations evolve into systems with multiple parallel transmission paths the effort involved in modelling these complex systems increases considerably. One task in particular which contributes to signal distortion on each signal path, is the power amplifier. In power amplifier modelling, Recursive Least Squares has been used in the past to train Volterra models with memory terms, however instability can occur when training the model weights. This manuscript provides a computationally efficient technique to detect the onset of instability and subsequently to inform the decision when to stop adaptive training of dynamic nonlinear behavioural models and avoid the onset of instability. This technique is experimentally validated using four different signal modulation schemes.
Monitored Exercise and Supplemental Oxygen Improve Exercise Tolerance, Heart Rate Response and Symptoms in Three Females with Post-COVID Syndrome: A Case Series
Authors: Greenspan Noah , Mackles Marion , Hullstrung Greg , Chin Wai , Kaner Robert , DePalo Louis , Walsh-Messinger Julie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: It is now recognized that a significant proportion of previously healthy young and middle-aged adults who contract COVID-19 will develop protracted post-viral symptoms including fatigue, dyspnea, cough, post-exertional malaise and autonomic dysfunction. Effective treatment approaches for this post-COVID syndrome (PCS) are crucially needed.Methods: Three previously healthy females (ages 34, 39, and 38) who contracted COVID-19 in Spring 2020 and subsequently developed PCS received monitored aerobic exercise combined with supplemental oxygen beginning seven or eight months following acute-illness. Pre- and post-treatment exercise tolerance was tested using the Bensen treadmill protocol. Treatment consisted of 22 sessions of graduated treadmill exercise during which 6 liters of continuous oxygen was delivered via nasal canula. Findings: All patients demonstrated ~54% improvement in exercise tolerance, improvement in heart rate and systolic blood pressure response during exercise, and remission or improvement of symptoms, including cough, dyspnea on exertion, laryngeal inflammation, chest discomfort, fatigue, and/or post-exertional malaise. Interpretation: We show that measured, monitored exercise combined with supplemental oxygen improved lingering symptoms in three female PCS patients. Supplemental oxygen may reduce post-exercise inflammation, therefore providing the benefits of exercise while reducing the likelihood of PCS symptom exacerbation. Due to the variable nature of PCS, it is crucial to individualize treatment protocols and to continually evaluate and modify each protocol based upon individual patient response. Funding: This work was funded by the Pulmonary Wellness Foundation.
Phytoplankton characterization in a tropical tidal river impacted by a megacity: the case of the Saigon River (Southern Vietnam)
Authors: Nguyen Truong An , Dao Thanh-Son , Strady Emilie , Nguyen Tuyet T.N. , Aimé Joanne , Gratiot Nicolas , Némery Julien 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The spatiotemporal variation of phytoplankton and their relationship with environmental variables were analysed in the Saigon River – a tropical river in Southern Vietnam. Two longitudinal profiles were conducted during dry and rainy season at 18 sampling sites covering more than 60 km long in the river. Besides, a bi-weekly monitoring conducted upstream, urban area (Ho Chi Minh City - HCMC) and downstream of Saigon River was organized from December 2016 to November 2017. The major phytoplankton were diatoms (e.g. Cyclotella cf. meneghiniana, Leptocylindrus danicus, Aulacoseira granulata), cyanobacteria (Microcystis spp., Raphidiopsis raciborskii, Pseudanabaena sp) and euglenoids (Trachelomonas volvocina). Commonly freshwater phytoplankton species and sometimes brackish water species were dominant during the monitoring. Phytoplankton abundances in dry season were much higher than in rainy season (> 100 times) which was explained by a shorter riverine water residence time and higher flushing capacity during the dry season. There was a clear separation of phytoplankton abundance between the urban area and the remaining area of Saigon River because of polluted urban emissions of HCMC. Redundancy analysis shows that the environmental variables (TOC, Nitrogen, pH, salinity, Mo, Mn) were the driving factors related to the dominance of L. danicus and Cyclotella cf. meneghiniana in the upstream river and urban section of Saigon River. The dominance of cyanobacterium Microcystis spp in the downstream of Saigon River was related to higher salinity, Mg, Cu concentrations and lower concentrations of nutrients, Mn, Co, Mo. The dominance of potentially toxic cyanobacteria in Saigon River possess health risk to local residents especially upon the increasing temperature context and nutrient loading into the river in the next decades.
Alterations in Plasma miR-21, miR-590, miR-192 and miR-215 in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Their Clinical Importance
Authors: Dirol Hulya , Toylu Aslı , Ogus Aliye Candan , Cilli Aykut , Ozbudak Omer , Clark Ozden Altıok , Ozdemir Tulay 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: It is well-established that microRNAs (miRNAs) have regulatory roles in the fibrotic processes of various tissues. Studies revealed that some miRNAs play a pivotal role in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods: In this single-center, cross-sectional study, the plasma levels of miR-21, miR-590, miR-192, and miR-215 in IPF (n=88) and the control (n=20) group were investigated using real-time PCR. The pulmonary function tests and the plasma sampling of participants were carried out simultaneously. Patients were grouped according to age, forced vital capacity, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and the Gender-Age-pulmonary Physiology (GAP) score. The expression levels of the target miRNAs between these clinical subgroups were compared.Results: The IPF and control groups were similar in terms of gender and age. The mean plasma miR-21 and miR-590 levels in IPF were significantly higher than in the control (p<0.0001, p<0.0001, respectively). There was no significant difference in miR-192 and miR-215 levels between the groups. While miR-21 and miR-590 correlated positively with age (p=0.041, p=0.007, respectively), miR-192 and miR-215 displayed a negative correlation with age (p=0.0002, p<0.0001, respectively). MiR-192 and miR-215 increased as the GAP score decreased and miR-192 level in patients with honeycombing was significantly lower than in those without honeycombing (p=0.003).Conclusions: Our results suggest that higher plasma levels of miR-21 and miR-590 were related to the presence of IPF. While all target miRNAs correlated with age, the miR-21 and miR-590 were associated with DLCO, and miR-192 and miR-215 were associated with GAP score and honeycombing.
Temperature field around underground power cable for dry and saturated conditions under static and cyclic thermal loads
Authors: Ahmad Shahbaz , Rizvi Zarghaam Haider , Loose Joscha , Wuttke Frank , Tirth Vineet , Islam Saiful 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The safe operation of underground power cables is limited by the temperature of insulation around the conductor which heats up due to joule heating. The insulation temperature depends on the seasonal and diurnal power demand and variations in the surrounding soil’s moisture content. The previous scientific investigations are limited to theoretical and numerical analyses for cyclic loads and experimental studies for only dry conditions with static thermal loads. In this study, a series of large-scale laboratory tests are performed for static and cyclic thermal loads with dry and saturated sand. The cyclic thermal loads with symmetrical and unsymmetrical heating-cooling times are done with dry sand, which is the worst-case scenario for heat dissipation. The cyclic thermal loading on dry sand shows strong thermal charging and is higher with a shorter relaxation time. The static thermal loading results show a significant improvement in the heat dissipation ability with saturated sand due to higher thermal conductivity. However, the heat transfer with saturated sand suggests a strong convection cell formation after three days of heating above the heater. The channelisation of heat with convection cell sand facilitates cooling but is not desirable for power cables below crop fields.
Sequential Evaluation of DNA Damage in Patients with Head and Neck Carcinoma Receiving Radiotherapy
Authors: M Sivakumar , K Ariyanachi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:Head and neck cancers account for about 30% of all cancers in India. The incidence rates of HNSCC in India are30/1, 00,000 for males and 10/1, 00,000 for females. The commonly used treatment modalities include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Studies conducted in different types of cancers showed that there is anincreased primary DNA damage even before the commencement of treatment in cancer patients.The treatment modality will further induce DNA damage in addition to the already existing DNA damage.In normal healthy people, DNA damage is effectively repaired. However, in patients with carcinoma, chemo-radiation induced DNA damage is not repaired so effectively. Consequently, there is a high risk of secondary carcinoma by unrepaired damaged DNA.Methodology:In this study, the degree of DNA damage is assessed by comet assay technique in patients with head and neck carcinoma receiving radiotherapy and had complete regression of tumor following radiotherapy. The degree of DNA damage is compared according to the age, gender and associated risk factors of the patients.Results:The comet length parameter of post-RT sample is increased when compared to baseline sample. The head diameter parameter of post-RT sample is increased when compared to baseline sample. The percentage of DNA in head parameter of post-RT sample is decreased when compared to baseline sample. The tail length parameter of post-RT sample is increased when compared to baseline sample. All these findings are indicative of DNA damage following radiotherapy. Consequently, there is a high risk of secondary carcinoma by unrepaired damaged DNA.Conclusion:Patients with locally advanced head and neck carcinoma with complete tumor response following radiotherapy showed a sequential increase in the DNA damage. The co-existing risk factors and old age may increase the baseline DNA damage in the patients with head and neck cancers.
Enhanced Cd Phytoextraction by Solanum Nigrum L From Contaminated Soils Combined With the Application of N Fertilizers and Double Harvests
Authors: Yang Wei , Dai Huiping , Skuza Lidia , Wei Shuhe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

It is very important to increase phytoremediation efficiency in practice in suitable climatic conditions for plant growth by multiple harvests. Solanum nigrum L. is a Cd hyperaccumulator. In present experiment, after applying different types of N fertilizers (NH4HCO3, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, CH4N2O), root and shoot biomasses and Cd phytoextraction efficiency of S. nigrum effectively improved (P < 0.05), whereas shoot biomasses of S. nigrum harvested at the first florescence stage plus the amounts at the second florescence stage were higher than those at the maturation stage, which indicated that S. nigrum Cd phyto-accumulation efficiency was higher in double harvests at florescence stages compared to a single harvest due to the lack of a clear change in Cd concentration (P < 0.05). The pH value and extractable Cd contents showed no changes, regardless whether N fertilizer was added or not at different growth stages. In addition, after N fertilizer supply, H2O2 and MDA contents in S. nigrum in vivo were lower compared to CK; Similarly, the concentration of proline was decreased as well (P < 0.05). As one of the antioxidant enzymes, CAT activity in S. nigrum shoots, harvested at different growth periods after 4 types of N fertilizer application, obviously decreased, while POD and SOD activities increased (P < 0.05). Our study demonstrated that (NH4)2SO4 treatment exerted the most positive effect and the CH4N2O the second-most positive effect effect on S. nigrum Cd phytoremediation efficiency in double harvests at florescence stages and the growth conditions were better than others.
Cancer Care in a Time of COVID: Lung Cancer Patient’s Experience of Telehealth and Connectedness
Authors: Fraser Anne , Neill Rob Mc , Robinson Jackie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore lung cancer patient’s experiences of telehealth during COVID-19 restrictions.Methods: 30 patients with lung cancer were recruited. Data was collected using a qualitative exploratory design with semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were thematically coded using NVivo software.Results: Five key themes were identified. Maintaining resilience: participants acknowledged they were self-reliant prior to their diagnosis, and that the sense of their own internal capabilities was a source of comfort for them; Importance of pre-established relationships with healthcare professionals: the sense of connection established prior to the telehealth consultation supported participants to engage with healthcare professionals. The need for connectedness was amplified by a sense of isolation. Seeking help: participants sought help from services that they perceived as being “expert”; Convenience: factors such as costs and saving time were highlighted; Preferences for consultation type: majority of participants identified physical and emotional comfort being in their own space. For a small number of patients, continuing a face to face assessment was important due to expectation based on previous experience. Conclusion: The use of telehealth was supported during the management of COIVD-19. Connectedness and convenience were key to the level of comfort and confidence for patients with lung cancer using telehealth during ‘lockdown’.
Artificial gauge induced dispersionless coupling for broadband photonic waveguide integration
Authors: Song Wange , Li Ting , Gao Shenglun , Wang Zhizhang , Wu Shengjie , Chen Chen , Zhu Shining , Zou Yi , Li Tao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Coupling among waveguides plays an important role in photonic integration, while it usually suffers from large wavelength dispersion and structural sensitivity that brings difficulties in broadband and robust photonic chip devices. Here, we report a new strategy of dispersion engineering of coupled waveguides by artificial gauge field (AGF) with curved trajectories, which gives rise to a dispersionless broadband coupler function in high-density silicon waveguides (waveguide pitch <λ/2). It is found that the artificial gauge field can generate an inverse dispersion to compensate for the dispersion of conventional waveguide coupling. As such, the coupling between the waveguides can be stable in a broad bandwidth. Based on this design, we demonstrate compact directional and 3dB couplers that show broadband dispersionless coupling of light with wavelength from 1400 to 1650 nm, which also exhibit robustness to considerably large structural variations ~150 nm (75% structural deviation). Furthermore, using the AGF coupler as the building block, we significantly demonstrate a three-level-cascaded waveguide network to route the broadband light to the desired ports, showing a tremendous advantage over the conventional counterparts. Our work exploits the artificial gauge field to integrated photonics and demonstrates the possibility of massive, broadband, robust and dense photonic integrations.
Validating Reliability and Security Requirements in Public Sector Infrastructure built by Small Companies
Authors: Georgsen Roar Elias , Køien Geir Myrdahl 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Municipal infrastructure in Norway is built primarily by small specialist companies acting as subcontractors, mostly with minimal experience working with Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This combination of inexperience and lack of resources presents a unique challenge. This paper applies Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) using the Systems Modelling Language (SysML) to combine validation of reliability and security requirements within a mission-aware interdisciplinary context. The use case is a 6LoWPAN/CoAP-based system for urban spill water management.
Bacillus Subtilis Expressing Epidermal Growth Factors Induces Intestinal Repair and Growth-Promoting in Mice
Authors: Wu Xiaoying , Li Yue , Jin Xiue , Shi Deshi , Wang xiliang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Probiotics are widely acknowledged for their pro-health attributes, but the efficacy of traditional probiotics is quite limited. This limitation can be overcome using a gene engineered to enhance the efficacy of existing probiotics. In this study, a strain of Bacillus subtilis (WB800) expressing the eukaryotic protein porcine epidermal growth factor (pEGF) was generated via genetic modification, and mice with intestinal injury were used as a model to evaluate the potential of this bioengineered probiotic in preventing or treating intestinal damage. Integration of the pEGF gene into the B. subtilis WB800 genome using an integrated expression vector pDG1730 resulted in stable expression of pEGF in B. subtilis (dubbed WB-EGF). Results: Female the Institute for Cancer Research (ICR) mice with intestinal damage received recombinant WB-EGF (1×108 –8×108 CFU/mL) for 10 d before collection of blood and intestinal tissues. Mice receiving WB-EGF had significantly higher body weight and longer intestinal villi than those of mice treated with Luria-Bertani (LB) broth or B. subtilis transformed with an empty vector. Cell proliferation assays confirmed enhanced intestinal cell proliferation in mice receiving WB-EGF. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that WB-EGF may have use as a novel therapy for early prevention or treatment of intestinal damage and for promoting intestinal development. The recombinant B. subtilis strain developed here can expected to provide protection when used as a feed additive in animals with gastrointestinal infections.