bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutation profiles of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma transformation of splenic B‐cell lymphoma/leukemia, unclassifiable on whole‐exome sequencing
Authors: Kurosawa Shuhei , Toya Takashi , Sadato Daichi , Hishima Tsunekazu , Hirama Chizuko , Najima Yuho , Kobayashi Takeshi , Haraguchi Kyoko , Okuyama Yoshiki , Oboki Keisuke , Harada Hironori , Sakamaki Hisashi , Ohashi Kazuteru , Harada Yuka , Doki Noriko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA 58‐year‐old male was diagnosed with splenic B‐cell lymphoma/leukemia, unclassifiable (SPLL‐U). The lymphoma transformed into diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and multidrug chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation achieved complete remission. Two years later, the lymphoma relapsed as SPLL‐U. Serial whole‐exome sequencing indicated that the mutation profiles were similar between the onset and relapsed samples while those in DLBCL were partially distinctive, which was in line with the clinical course. Hierarchical clustering revealed that an IGLL5 mutation was the founder mutation proceeding the development of the diseases and suggested that KRAS and other mutations might contribute to the transformation.
Does food security matter to subjective well‐being? Evidence from a cross‐country panel
Authors: Kornher Lukas , Sakketa Tekalign Gutu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe conventional economics literature equates welfare with consumption‐based utility, neglecting the psychological effects of uncertainty and fear of the future on well‐being. In this study, we examine how food insecurity relates to changes in subjective well‐being within a comparative analysis across different country groups between 2005 and 2018 and find that food insecurity matters to well‐being. We also examine the relationship between experienced food insecurity and well‐being, taking into account any potential endogeneity. In low‐income, food‐deficient, food‐importing and drought‐affected countries, changes in the prevalence of undernourishment explain a great deal of the variation in subjective well‐being over time.
Pro-inflammatory polarization primes Macrophages to transition into a distinct M2-like phenotype in response to IL-4
Authors: O'Brien Erin M , Spiller Kara L 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTissue repair is largely regulated by diverse Mϕ populations whose functions are timing- and context-dependent. The early phase of healing is dominated by pro-inflammatory Mϕs, also known as M1, followed by the emergence of a distinct and diverse population that is collectively referred to as M2. The extent of the diversity of the M2 population is unknown. M2 Mϕs may originate directly from circulating monocytes or from phenotypic switching of pre-existing M1 Mϕs within the site of injury. The differences between these groups are poorly understood, but have major implications for understanding and treating pathologies characterized by deficient M2 activation, such as chronic wounds, which also exhibit diminished M1 Mϕ behavior. This study investigated the influence of prior M1 activation on human Mϕ polarization to an M2 phenotype in response to IL-4 treatment in vitro. Compared to unactivated (M0) Mϕs, M1 Mϕs up-regulated several receptors that promote the M2 phenotype, including the primary receptor for IL-4. M1 Mϕs also up-regulated M2 markers in response to lower doses of IL-4, including doses as low as 10 pg/mL, and accelerated STAT6 phosphorylation. However, M1 activation appeared to also change the Mϕ response to treatment with IL-4, generating an M2-like phenotype with a distinct gene and protein expression signature compared to M2 Mϕs prepared directly from M0 Mϕs. Functionally, compared to M0-derived M2 Mϕs, M1-derived M2 Mϕs demonstrated increased migratory response to SDF-1α, and conditioned media from these Mϕs promoted increased migration of endothelial cells in transwell assays, although other common Mϕ-associated functions such as phagocytosis were not affected by prior polarization state. In summary, M1 polarization appears to prime Mϕs to transition into a distinct M2 phenotype in response to IL4, which leads to increased expression of some genes and proteins and decreased expression of others, as well as functional differences. Together, these findings indicate the importance of prior M1 activation in regulating subsequent M2 behavior, and suggest that correcting M1 behavior may be a therapeutic target in dysfunctional M2 activation.
Enhancing museums' attractiveness through digitization: An investigation of Italian medium and large‐sized museums and cultural institutions
Authors: Palumbo Rocco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic put the museums' viability under stress, with national and supranational policies imposing closures and restricting the number of admitted visitors. Digitization enables cultural institutions to overcome such constraints, prompting innovative service delivery models. However, evidence on digitization's implications on organizational attractiveness (OA) is scant. Taking a retrospective approach, the article proposes a parallel mediation analysis to shed some light on the effects of digitization on museums' attractiveness. Findings suggest that digitization enhances OA directly and indirectly, via the delivery of digital services to physical visitors. Furthermore, digitization allows museums to meet the virtual visitors' expectations, enriching the cultural service offering.
Armed conflict, HIV, and syndemic risk markers of mental distress, alcohol misuse, and intimate partner violence among couples in Uganda
Authors: Mootz Jennifer J. , Basaraba Cale N. , Corbeil Thomas , Johnson Karen , Kubanga Kefentse P. , Wainberg Milton L. , Khoshnood Kaveh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNortheastern Uganda has suffered from protracted armed conflict and HIV/AIDS and has some of the highest rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) globally. Little is known about how exposure to conflict and HIV influence individuals’ syndemic risk markers or those of their partners. We conducted a population‐based study using multistage sampling across three districts in Northeastern Uganda. We randomly surveyed 605 women aged 13–49 years and estimated syndemic problems for currently partnered women (N = 561) who reported for their male partners. Syndemic problems were lower in the low‐conflict district than the high‐conflict district, p = .009. Conflict exposure was associated with couples’ syndemic scores, respondent: β = 0.182, p < .001; partner: β = .181, p < .001. Problem scores were significantly higher among women whose partner was either HIV positive, p = .031, or had an unknown HIV status, p = .016, compared with those whose partner was HIV negative. The total effects of women's, β = .15, p = .034, and men's, β = .137, p = .038, armed conflict exposure on male‐to‐female IPV were significant. For male partners, there were significant total effects of having an unknown, β = .669, p < .001, or positive, β = 1.143, p < .001, HIV status on experiencing female‐to‐male IPV. These results suggest that syndemic problems and corresponding treatments should consider couple influences. Addressing mediating problems of mental distress and alcohol misuse may reduce the risk of male‐to‐female IPV. Providing couple‐based HIV psychosocial interventions could reduce men's exposure to IPV.
Material hardship is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among low‐income Black women
Authors: Holmes Samantha C. , Callinan Laura , Facemire Vanessa C. , Williams Monnica T. , Ciarleglio Maria M. , Smith Megan V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe link between socioeconomic status and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is well established. Given that Black women are disproportionately burdened by both poverty and PTSD symptoms, research focusing on these constructs among this population is needed. The current study assessed the association between material hardship (i.e., difficulty meeting basic needs) and PTSD symptoms among 227 low‐income Black women in the United States. We explored several potential explanations for the association between poverty and PTSD symptoms (e.g., individuals living in poverty may experience higher levels of trauma exposure; individuals living in poverty may have less access to relevant protective resources, like social support; poverty itself may represent a traumatic stressor). Using robust negative binomial regression, a positive association between material hardship and PTSD symptoms emerged, B = 0.10, p = .009, SMD = 0.08. When trauma exposure was added to the model, it was positively associated with PTSD symptoms, B = 0.18, p < .001, SMD = 0.16, and material hardship remained positively associated with PTSD symptoms, B = 0.10, p =.019, SMD = 0.08. When social support indicators were added to the model, they were not associated with PTSD symptoms; however, material hardship remained significantly associated, B = 0.10, p = .021, SMD = 0.08. In the model with material hardship and trauma exposure, a significant interaction between material hardship and trauma exposure on PTSD symptoms emerged, B = −0.04, p = .027. These results demonstrate the importance of including material hardship in trauma research, assessment, and treatment.
The multifaceted nature of the response to adversity in an Italian sample of refugee community leaders
Authors: Perry James Michael , Modesti Camilla , Nicolais Caterina , Talamo Alessandra , Nicolais Giampaolo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe end of the last decade saw record numbers of refugee arrivals to Italy, straining the existing reception and integration systems. Although significant research attention has focused on the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and suicidal ideation in refugee populations, there are increasing calls to study the interactions between distress, resilience, and positive outcomes of adversity. To fully understand the complexity of the refugee experience, these voices must be heard in dialogue. Studies must be framed within a more nuanced view of refugees, characterizing them not exclusively as victims but also as advocates for their own well‐being and the well‐being of their communities. This exploratory study performed a thematic analysis of 15 interviews conducted with refugee community leaders in Italy, each a founder or leader of a community association and actively engaged in civil society. In keeping with Papadopoulos’ (2007) construct of adversity‐activated development, an inductive analysis identified three distinct patterns of positive adversity response: meaning, motivation, and mobilization. A deductive analysis identified the most appropriate theories of resilience to describe the sample, which included resilience as a dynamic positive adaptation and resilience as resistance to change in moral codes and personal value systems. The resulting image of refugee community leaders in Italy is that of individuals who are exposed to adversity and experiences of suffering and distress but safeguard their core values while positively adapting to a new country.
Synthesis, evaluation, and kinetic assessment of Co‐based catalyst for enhanced methane decomposition reaction for hydrogen production
Authors: Al Mesfer Mohammed K. , Danish Mohd , Shah Mumtaj 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work, the development of 10, 30, and 50 wt.% Co/TiO2–Al2O3 catalysts for catalytic methane decomposition reaction has been reported to produce pure hydrogen. The synthesis of Co particles on the surface of mesoporous mixed oxide catalyst support has been done by ultrasound‐assisted wet impregnation method with ethanol as impregnation cosolvent. The catalysts’ activity was evaluated for 10 h at 600°C and 1 bar of pressure. The kinetic experiments for 50 wt.% Co catalyst were carried out in the temperature range between 550 and 650°C by varying the methane partial pressure in a microreactor. The catalysts were thoroughly characterized using various techniques such as X‐ray diffraction, N2‐physisorption, H2‐temperature programmed reduction, Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, and Thermogravimetric analysis. A power‐law model was developed by assuming a nonlinear dependency of reactant partial pressure on the methane decomposition rates. The results showed that prepared catalysts possess good textural properties and exhibited high activity. The activity and stability were found to be a direct function of the Co metal loading. The power‐law model satisfactorily fits the experimental data with an R2 value above 0.95. The apparent reaction order and activation energy were 2.46 and 65.16 kJ mol−1, respectively. The improved wet impregnation method synthesized the Co nanoparticles under 25 nm at a metal loading of 50 wt.%.
Adaptive case management: An overview
Authors: Shahrah Abobakr Y. , Al‐Mashari Majed A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractKnowledge work is growing in today's marketplace, supported by “knowledge workers,” a valuable asset in organizations. Traditional software applications are too rigid to support knowledge work or empower knowledge workers to perform their nonroutine tasks. Therefore, most knowledge work today is managed manually or using ad‐hoc technologies such as e‐mail and social media. Adaptive case management (ACM) is a new promising approach for effectively supporting knowledge work, empowering knowledge workers, and overcoming the limitations of traditional software applications. Nevertheless, ACM is an emerging field accompanied by confusion and debate among researchers and practitioners. This study aims at providing an overview of the key concepts and principles of ACM. Furthermore, this study outlines the major differences between traditional business process management and ACM.
Polysaccharide–Protein Multilayers Based on Chitosan–Fibrinogen Assemblies for Cardiac Cell Engineering
Authors: Kitsara Maria , Tassis George , Papagiannopoulos Aristeidis , Simon Alexandre , Agbulut Onnik , Pispas Stergios 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe cell and tissue culture substrates play a pivotal role in the regulation of cell‐matrix and cell‐cell interactions. The surface properties of the materials control a wide variety of cell functions. Amongst various methods, layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly is a versatile surface coating technique for creating controllable bio‐coatings. Here, polysaccharide/protein multilayers are proposed, which are fabricated by immersive LbL assembly and based on the chitosan/fibrinogen pair for improving the adhesion and spreading of cardiomyocytes. Two approaches in LbL assembly are employed for clarifying the effect of the bilayers order and their concentration on cardiomyocytes viability and morphology. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements show that the adsorption of the biopolymers is enhanced during the LbL deposition in a synergistic manner. Contact angle measurements indicate that the multilayers are alternating from less to more hydrophilic behavior depending on the biopolymer that is added last. Confocal microscopy with immunostained fibrinogen reveals that the amount of the protein is higher when the concentration of the immersion solution is increased, however, for low solution concentration it is speculated that interdigitation between the separate biopolymer layers takes place. This work motivates the use of fibrinogen in polysaccharide/protein multilayers for enhanced cytocompatibility in cardiac tissue engineering.
Effect of Cu on microstructure and corrosion behavior in 360°C lithiated aqueous solution of Zr–Cu alloys
Authors: Lin Xiaodong , Fan Zhouyang , Zhang Chi , Li Yifeng , Yang Yanping , Liang Xue , Li Qiang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe effect of Cu on the microstructure and corrosion behavior in 360°C lithiated water was investigated on Zr–xCu alloys (x = 0.05, 0.2, and 1.0, wt%), with remelted pure Zr as reference material. The results revealed that the tetragonal Zr2Cu phase was induced by Cu addition higher than 0.2 wt% and its size and number density were increased with the increase of Cu content. The weight gain and oxide thickness were decreased by Cu addition, but when the Cu content increased to 1.0 wt%, they were both significantly increased and even larger than that of remelted Zr. It was supposed that structural defects, such as pores and microcracks, in the oxide film may result in such degradation in the corrosion property of Zr–1.0Cu alloy.
Effect of aging temperature on corrosion resistance and antibacterial ability of 0Cu2Cr carbon steel
Authors: Guo Jing , Fu Kuijun , Teng Yingxue , Wang Jiaji , Pang Qihang , Hu Fengya , Liu Hongyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe effect of heat treatment on the corrosion resistance and antibacterial ability of 0Cu2Cr carbon steel was studied using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy, and electrochemistry. The results showed that the peak aging state with complete crystal growth and uniform precipitate phase distribution was attained at the aging temperature of 850°C. Both the Cu‐rich phase with an approximately spherical structure and the dispersive Cu‐ordered phase with a B2 structure were observed in the grain boundary and internal crystal and effectively improved the hardness of the steel because of precipitation strengthening. Thus, the corrosion resistance and antibacterial ability of the 0Cu2Cr carbon steel could be improved by aging it at 850°C.
The non‐F graph of a finite group
Authors: Lucchini Andrea , Nemmi Daniele 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGiven a formation , we consider the graph whose vertices are the elements of G and where two vertices are adjacent if and only if . We are interested in the two following questions. Is the set of the isolated vertices of this graph a subgroup of G? Is the subgraph obtained by deleting the isolated vertices a connected graph?
Effect of graphite exfoliation through multipass friction stir processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium 7075‐silicon carbide‐graphite composites
Authors: Patil N.A. , Nasir M.K.B.S. , Pedapati S.R. , Mamat O.B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, friction stir processing techniques has been utilized to fabricate graphite‐reinforced aluminium matrix composite. Silicon carbide will be mixed together with graphite flakes as reinforcement with the composition of hybrid ratio 60 : 40. The manipulated variable of this project is the number of passes used during friction stir processing (1, 2 and 3 passes). Three different number of passes are used to investigate its effect onto the reinforcement dispersion inside the aluminium metal matrix composites. Microstructural analysis has shown that with increasing number of passes, the distribution of reinforcement particles becomes more uniform and homogeneous. Nanoreinforcement particle dispersions are observed and analysed. Result shows that the size of agglomerations across the composite surface decreases as the number of passes increases. Further observation and analysis of on the particles has confirmed that graphite flakes have been successfully shear exfoliated into layers to cover more surface area. The overall mechanical properties have also observed significant increase with increasing number of passes. Sample with highest number of pass (3 pass run) managed to achieve maximum tensile strength and elongation percentage of 304.04 MPa and 2.54 %, respectively, which is the highest value among all the samples tested.
Crystalline rice husk silica reinforced AA7075 aluminium chips by cold compaction method
Authors: Latif N.A. , Mohd Joharudin N.F. , Mustapa M.S. , Hao S.W. , Supawi A. , Hassan N.Z. , Noranai Z. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAluminium matrix composite is highly demanded in various industries due to its low density and good mechanical properties as most commonly studied for metal matrix composite. The properties of the composite be improved with the addition of reinforcement significantly such as silicon carbide, aluminium oxide, and boron carbide that can be mixed easily to metal matrix composite. The study of crystalline rice husk silica reinforced AA7075 aluminium chips on mechanical properties were investigated. The rice husk ash was burned at 1200 °C and it was characterized in the crystalline phase by conducting x‐ray diffraction test. The mechanical properties of aluminium matrix composite were obtained by microhardness and compression tests. Results of mechanical properties for the addition of rice husk silica up to 7.5 wt.% composition of crystalline rice husk silica showed increase value of microhardness and compression strength which are the highest value of 75.94 HV 0.1 and 443 MPa, respectively compared to another aluminium matrix composite. Hence, based on investigation to crystalline rice husk silica reinforced aluminium, it has good potential to improve the mechanical properties of aluminium matrix composite which were dependent to the composition of crystalline rice husk silica reinforcement in aluminium matrix composite.
Investigating the effect of mixing time on the crystallite size and lattice strain of the AA7075/TiC composites
Authors: Alam M.A. , Ya H.H. , Azeem M. , Yusuf M. , Sapuan S.M. , Masood F. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWith numerous reinforcements, aluminum and its alloys are finding growing applications in every sector of industry. Titanium carbide (TiC) is regarded as an outstanding reinforcing material as compared to widely used carbide particles because of its excellent physical and mechanical characteristics, as well as its especially good interfacial bonding (wetting) capacity with aluminum. In the present research work, the effect of the mixing time of the matrix and reinforcement powders has been investigated on the crystallite size and lattice strain of the AA7075–5 wt.% TiC composites. The mechanical properties of the developed composites were also investigated in terms of microhardness values. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particles size distribution analysis and x‐ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of the synthesized powder samples were done to see the effect of mixing time on their microstructures. The increase in mixing time led to a homogeneous distribution of 5 wt.% of TiC particles, a decrease in particles clustering. The considerable grain refining was confirmed, which reflected a reduction in particle size originating from a prolonged mixing time. The significant improvement in the crystallite size and microhardness of the produced composites were achieved with increasing mixing time.