bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of L-DEP Regimen for Treatment of Pediatric Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection
Authors: Ma Honghao , Zhang Liping , Wei Ang , Yang Jun , Wang Dong , Zhang Qing , Zhao Yunze , Chen Sitong , Lian Hongyun , Zhang Li , Zhou Chunju , Qin Maoquan , Li Zhigang , Wang Tianyou , Zhang Rui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose We intended to investigate the clinical features of pediatric patients with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV) and effectiveness of the L-DEP regimen before HSCT (hematopoietic stem cell transplantation).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 35 patients with CAEBV at Beijing Children’s Hospital from January 2016 to January 2020. The efficacy and adverse events of the L-DEP regimen were evaluated.Results The median age of 35 patients was 7.0 years (range 2.5-17.5 years). 28 patients achieved clinical response (80.0%, 22 in clinical CR, 6 in clinical PR) after L-DEP. In terms of virological response, 7 patients (20%) were assessed as virological CR and 23 patients (65.7%) were virological PR. Finally, 29 patients underwent allo-HSCT. Median survival time was 18 months (2-50 months). The 3-year overall survival rates in patients treated with chemotherapy only (n=6), chemotherapy followed by HSCT (n=25) were 33.3% and 75.4%, respectively. After L-DEP 1st treatment, the amount of EBV-DNA loads in blood and plasma were significantly reduced than that before chemotherapy (median: 4.29×105 vs. 1.84×106, Mann-Whitney U：P=0.0004; 5.00×102 vs. 3.17×103, Mann-Whitney U：P=0.003). And, compared with liver and spleen size before chemotherapy, the size of liver and spleen shrank significantly after L-DEP 2nd (median 3.8cm vs. 1.9cm, P=0.003; 3.8cm vs. 0cm, P＜0.008). In addition, after L-DEP treatment, there was no difference in clinical or virological response rate whether HLH was accompanied or not (clinical response: 77.3% vs. 84.6%：P=0.689; virological response: 90.9% vs. 76.9%, P=0.337). Conclusion L-DEP regimen is an effective therapy in treating CAEBV for bridging to allo-HSCT.
Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of Disease Burden Attributable to Pm2.5 Exposure in China From 2000 to 2016
Authors: Cao Ting 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In recent years, long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has slowly increased both morbidity and mortality for Chinese people, becoming a leading problem for public health efforts. However, spatial-temporal dynamics of disease burden attributable to PM2.5 exposure still lacks a comprehensive evaluation so as to provide inadequate supports for policy making and improvement. Here, we used the exposure-response function to derive the spatial-temporal dynamics of disease burden attributable to PM2.5 pollution in China. We found the fact that economic loss attributable to PM2.5 increased by 93% from 35 billion Chinese Yuan (95% CI: 14-52) to 536 billion Chinese Yuan (95%CI: 236-753) during the period of 16 years. Digging further, we discovered a substantiate level of regional differences, with the disease burden being the most severe in East China and the least severe in the Northwest China. Other than that, there existed a spatial aggregation of health-related economic losses among Chinese cities. Our paper made an evaluation on the spatial-temporal dynamics of health effects attributed to PM2.5, an evaluation that could provide more insights to future policy making of the air pollution control for China and other developing countries.
Determinants of digital financial inclusion in India: Evidence from the World Bank’s global findex database
Authors: Nandru Prabhakar , Chendragiri Madhavaiah , Velayutham Arulmurugan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The current study explores the determinants of digital financial inclusion (DFI) in India and also examines the influence of demographic characteristics on the accessibility and usage of digital financial inclusion. The data for this study was collected from the World Bank Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) database to find the determinants of digital financial inclusion from India's perspective. The study measured the accessibility and usage of digital financial inclusion in relation to selected demographic characteristics such as gender, age, income, education and employment status. The findings of the study revealed that individual’s socio-demographic factors such as gender, age, education, income and employment status have found a significant influence on the accessibility of digital financial inclusion. In addition, these factors have significant effect on usage of digital mode of financial transactions such as payments made and receipts through mobile phone or using the internet. The study provides valuable insights to the policymakers and service providers to improve the status of digital financial inclusion.
Adaptive changes of presynaptic components in hippocampal CA1 subfield after transient global cerebral ischemia
Authors: Zhang Yan , Tan Bai-Hong , Wu Shuang , Wu Cheng-Hao , Suo Jia-Le , Gui Yue , Li Yan-Chao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Transient global cerebral ischemia induces acute loss of dendritic spines of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus. On the other hand, it is unclear how the presynaptic terminals, which had lost their postsynaptic contacts, are persistently preserved after ischemia. We modeled global cerebral ischemia with two-stage 4-vessel-occlusion in rats, and found that three postsynaptic markers, MAP2, PSD95, and F-actin, were all severely decreased in area CA1 after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). No significant change was detected for synapsin I, a presynaptic marker, at the protein level in the CA1 region after I/R. However, the puncta size of synapsin I became slightly, but significantly reduced in the early stage of I/R. As time went on, the puncta number of synapsin I became moderately decreased, while the puncta size of synaspin I was significantly increased. Interestingly, some enlarged puncta of synapsin I were observed to terminate directly onto the dendritic shafts of CA1 pyramidal cells. Due to a severe decrease of F-actin in the dendritic spines, the ratio of synapsin I/F-actin puncta number became significantly increased after I/R. The decrease in puncta size of synapsin I in the early stage of I/R may be the result of excessive release of synaptic vesicles due to I/R-induced hyperexcitability in CA3 pyramidal cells, while the increase in puncta size of synapsin I in the later stage of I/R may reflect the disability of synaptic vesicle release due to the loss of postsynaptic contacts.
The effect of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills (IMB) model variables on Orthorexia Nervosa behaviors of pregnant women
Authors: Ouyaba Ayşe Taştekin , Öztürk Pınar Çiçekoğlu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose This study aims to test the effect of the components of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model on Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) behavior of pregnant women and health outcomes using a hypothetical model. Methods The study is cross-sectional research and was carried out with 350 pregnant women who had the Non-Stress Test in the obstetrics outpatient clinic of a university hospital. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. The data were collected with a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the structural equation model.Results It was found that 26.6% of pregnant women had an ON tendency. Higher levels of information on healthy eating cause more ON behaviors (β=-0.25, p<.001). The higher motivation for healthy eating (β=0.71, p<.001) and a higher tendency to ON behaviors (β=-0.18, p=.001) are associated with better health outcomes.Conclusion Our findings show that high levels of information and motivation about healthy eating affect ON tendency and health outcomes. The findings are significant in that they lead and guide the interventions for the detection, prevention, and treatment of ON during pregnancy.Level of Evidence: Level V, cross-sectional study
Executive functions and quality of life in children with neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Roy Arnaud , Roulin Jean-Luc , Guen Christèle Gras-Le , Corbat Marie-Laure , Barbarot Sébastien 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background. To examine the impact of executive function disorders on health-related quality of life (QoL) in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Prospective single-center study among 40 children with NF1 aged 812 years (mean = 9.7, SD = 1.4) and their parents, comparing them with 56 healthy control children matched for age, sex, parental education level, and handedness. We collected children’s self-reports and parents’ proxy reports of QoL with the Kidscreen-52 questionnaire, and measured executive functions by combining seven performance-based tests and a daily life questionnaire completed by parents and teachers. Results. Several QoL domains were significantly impaired in the children with NF1, compared with healthy controls, according to both their self-reports (3 out of 9 scales; Cohen’s d: .40.42) and their parents’ reports (6 out of 9 scales; Cohen’s d: .34.75), with a systematic decrease in the social support and peers and school environment domains. Executive function disorders (Cohen’s d: .641.72) significantly predicted the impairment of QoL domains as perceived by the children or their parents, regardless of the indirect indicators of learning disabilities. Conclusions. Both performance-based executive function scores and behavior ratings of executive functions in daily life by parents and teachers were associated with low QoL levels in the children with NF1. The school environment and social integration appear to be particularly affected, and should therefore be targeted in the management of the disease. 227 words
Oral Tyrosine Supplementation Facilitates Conditions for the Preferential Transport of Tyrosine Across the Blood-Brain Barrier in Anorexia Nervosa: a Case Study Series
Authors: Hart Melissa , Sibbritt David , Williams Lauren , Nunn Kenneth , Wilcken Bridget 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Anorexia nervosa is a severe and complex illness associated with a lack of efficacious treatment. Ongoing tyrosine administration has been proposed as a possible treatment through increasing blood tyrosine sufficiently to facilitate brain catecholamine synthesis. Saturation with the noradrenergic precursor tyrosine could alleviate noradrenergic dysregulation with subsequent reduction in dietary restraint and eating, weight and shape concern. The effects of tyrosine supplementation in adolescents with anorexia nervosa remain to be tested. This feasibility study aimed to explore whether an oral tyrosine dosage raises plasma tyrosine sufficiently in adolescents with anorexia nervosa and healthy peers and is sustained over time to allow conditions for the preferential transport across the blood-brain barrier. Case Presentation: The first stage of this study explored the pharmacological response to a single, oral tyrosine load in adolescents (aged 12-15 years) with anorexia nervosa (n=2) and healthy peers (n=2). The second stage explored the pharmacological and psychological response to ongoing tyrosine administration in adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Peak tyrosine levels occurred at approximately two-three hours and approached baseline levels by eight hours. Blood tyrosine elevation was maintained over time in participants with anorexia nervosa. Some improvements in participant psychological tests were evident. There were no measured side effects. Conclusions: The considerable blood tyrosine increase appeared sufficient to facilitate conditions for the preferential transport of tyrosine across the blood-brain barrier which has the potential to improve noradrenergic brain function in people with anorexia nervosa. Further exploration of tyrosine as an adjunct treatment in anorexia nervosa is warranted.
Association between dietary carotenoid intakes and the risk of asthma in adults: ﻿a cross sectional study of NHANES, 2007-2012
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Yadan , Li Weijie , Du Jie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: In recent years, with the popularization of Western diet, the prevalence of asthma has continued to rise; Oxidative stress is thought to be an important mechanism of asthma. Carotenoids, as antioxidants, may reduce the risk of asthma, but previous studies have been controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between dietary carotenoid intakes and asthma using data from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.Methods: In this cross-section study, all the data were accessed from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012. Asthma was defined by self -report questionnaires and the dietary carotenoids data were estimated from a 24-hour recall. Weighted multivariable linear regression models and the smooth curve fittings were applied to explore the association between total carotenoid intake, dietary carotenoid subgenera including (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein with zeaxanthin, and lycopene) and the risk of asthma. Results: The present study included a total of 13039 participants, 1784 of whom were defined as having current asthma. Intakes of all kinds of carotenoids were lower in those participants with current asthma. The odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals of dietary α-carotene, dietary β-carotene, dietary β-cryptoxanthin, total lutein with zeaxanthin, total lycopene and total carotenoid intake for individuals with current asthma after adjusting the confounders in Model 3 were 0.80(0.67-0.95), 0.65(0.55-0.77), 0.67(0.53-0.83), 0.70(0.56-0.87), 0.76(0.60-0.98) and 0.60(0.48-0.75) in the highest versus lowest quartile, respectively. The smooth curve fittings suggested a nonlinear relationship between total carotenoid intake and the risk of current asthma.Conclusions: Higher intake of a-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein with zeaxanthin, and total carotenoid were associated with lower odds of having current asthma in the U.S. adults.
Value Chain and Market Participation of Maize in North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Getahun Abreham , Deresse Yordanos Sete 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The smallholder producers in Ethiopia generally and in North Gondar Zone specifically are price takers since they have little participation in the value chain and imperfection of the marketing system. Farmers have low bargaining power to sell their products to the market. Empirical findings on identifying actors of the value chains, and assessing determinants of farmers’ participation decision and marketed volume in the study areas in North Gondar is not found. As a result, this study examined the determinants of farmers’ participation decision and marketed volume in the study areas in North Gondar Administration Zone. Methods: Primary data was got from a total of 350 sample households and 60 maize traders who were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire. Heckman selection model was employed to identify factors that determine market participation decision and its intensity in maize markets.Results: The Heckman’s selection model result shows farming experience (P<0.079) and relative fertility of land (P<0.000) determines farmers’ maize market participation decision positively and significantly whereas rural credit access (P<0.002) affected it negatively. Variables DA visit frequency (P<0.03), distance from market (P<0.053) and Labor force (P<0.002) have positive effect and significant on marketed volume of maize. On the other hand, Farm land size (P< 0.040) and level of education (P < 0.041) are significant but they have a negative effect on it in North West Ethiopia. Conclusion: The area is a potential place to the production of maize. Even though the potential is high there are many determinants and challenges which affect the producer’s market participation status and the volume of marketed surplus. Therefore, government must check its land use proclamation and rural financial institution policies and their applications in North Gondar administration zone in Ethiopia.
PARP&nbsp;Inhibitor Olaparib Enhances the Efficacy of Radiotherapy on Xrcc2-deficient Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Qin changjiang , Ji Zhi-Yu , Zhai Er-Tao , Xu Kai-Wu , Li Quan-Ying , Jing Hong , Zhang Yi-Jie , Song Xin-Ming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Loss of XRCC2 compromises DNA damage repairs, and induced DNA damage burdens may increase the reliance on PARP-dependent DNA repairs of cancer cells to render cell susceptibility to PARP inhibitor therapy. Here, we study if XRCC2 loss sensitizes colorectal cancer(CRC) to PARP inhibitor in combination with radiotherapy (RT).Methods: The relationships between the expression of XRCC2 and PARP with patient outcome were investigated in 167 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neoCRT). The in vitro radiosensitizing effects of olaparib were tested in XRCC2-deficient CRC using a clonogenic survival assay, determination of γH2AX foci, and measurement of β-galactosidase activity. An in vivo mouse xenograft model was used to determine the effect of olaparib on sensitization of tumors to ionizing radiation (IR).Results: High levels of XRCC2 or PARP1 were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) in patients with LARC who received neoCRT, co-expression analyses found low PARP1 and low XRCC2 expression have better OS. Our in vitro experiments indicated that olaparib+IR reduced clonogenic survival, increased persistent DNA damage, and prolonged cell cycle arrest and senescence in XRCC2-deficient cells relative to wild-type cells. Furthermore, our mouse xenograft experiments indicated that RT+olaparib had greater anti-tumor effects and led to long-term remission in mice with XRCC2-deficient tumors.Conclusions: XRCC2-deficient CRC acquire high sensitivity to PARP inhibition after IR treatment. Our preclinical findings provide a rationale for the use of Olaparib as a radiosensitizer for treatment of XRCC2-deficient CRC.
Negative effects of iodine-based contrast agent on renal function in patients with moderate reduced renal function hospitalized for Covid-19
Authors: Tamm Chen , Svensson Ann Mari , Beckman Mats O. , Strand Fredrik , Sköld Magnus , Nyrén Sven , Kistner Anna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Kidney disease and renal failure are associated with hospital deaths in patients with Covid-19. We aimed to test if contrast enhancement (CE) affects short-term renal function in hospitalized Covid-19 patients.Methods Plasma creatinine (P-creatinine) was measured on the day of computed tomography (CT) and 24 h, 48 h, and 4–10 days after CT. CE (n = 142) and non-CE (n = 24) groups were subdivided, based on estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR), > 60 and ≥ 30–60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Contrast-induced acute renal failure (CI-AKI) was defined as ≥ 27 µmol/L increase or a > 50% rise in P-creatinine from CT or initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) during follow-up. Patients with RRT were studied separately. We evaluated factors associated with a > 50% rise in P-creatinine.Results Median P-creatinine at 24–48 h and days 4–10 post-CT in patients with eGFR > 60 and eGFR ≥ 30–60 in CE and non-CE groups did not differ from basal values. CI-AKI was observed at 48 h and at 4–10 days post-CE in 24% and 36% (n = 5/14) of patients with eGFR ≥ 30–60. Corresponding figures in the eGFR > 60 CE CT group were 5%, (p < 0.037 and p < 0.001, Pearson x2 test respectively). In the former group, four of the five patients died within 30 days. Odds ratio analysis showed that CI-AKI was associated with an eGFR ≤ 60 at CE and 30-day mortality both at 48 h and 4–10 days.Conclusion Patients with Covid-19 and eGFR ≥ 30–60 had a high frequency of CK-AKI at 48 h and at 4–10 days after CE, which was associated with increased 30-day mortality. For patients with eGFR ≥ 30–60, we recommend strict indications are practiced for CE CT. CE had a modest effect in patients with eGFR > 60.
Design and Simulation of Linear All-Optical Comparator Based on Square-Lattice Photonic Crystals
Authors: Parandin Fariborz , Kamarian Reza , Jomour Mohamadreza 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An optical comparator is an important logic circuit used in digital designs. Photonic crystals are among the platforms for implementing different kinds of gates and logic circuits. Photonic crystals are structures with alternating refractive indices. In digital optics, logical values “0” and “1” are defined based on the level of optical power. In this paper, an optical comparator based on square-lattice photonic crystals is designed and simulated. In the design of this comparator, a small-sized structure is used. The simulation results show that in the proposed comparator, there is a long distance between logical values ​​“0” and “1”. Due to the small size of this comparator and the adequate distance between logical values ​​“0” and “1”, this structure suits photonic integrated circuits with high accuracy.
Spread of the SARS-CoV-2 UK-variant in the South East of France: impact on COVID-19 patients age, comorbidity profiles and clinical presentation
Authors: Courjon Johan , Contenti Julie , Demonchy Elisa , Levraut Jacques , Barbry Pascal , Rios Géraldine , Dellamonica Jean , Chirio David , Bonnefoy Caroline , Giordanengo Valérie , Carles Michel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The variant 20I/501Y.V1, associated to a higher risk of transmissibility, emerged in Nice city (South East of France, French Riviera) during January 2021. The pandemic has resumed late December 2020 in this aera. A high incidence rate together with a fast turn-over of the main circulating variants, provided us the opportunity to analyze modifications in clinical profile and outcome traits. Methods: Observational study in the University hospital of Nice from December 2020 to February 2021. We analyzed data of sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 from the sewage collector and PCR screening from all positive samples at the hospital. Then, we described the characteristics of all COVID-19 patients admitted in the emergency department (ED) (n=1247) and those hospitalized in the infectious diseases ward or ICU (n=232). Results: the UK-variant was absent in this area in December, then increasingly spread in January representing 59% of the PCR screening performed mid-February. The rate of patients over 65 years admitted to the ED decreased from 63% to 50% (p=0.001). The mean age of hospitalized patients in the infectious diseases ward decreased from 70.7 to 59.2 (p<0.001) while the proportion of patients without comorbidity increased from 16% to 42% (p=0.007). Conclusion: Spread of the UK-variant in the South East of France affects younger and healthier patients.