bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Gemini Sulphobetaine Surfactant Bis{[(N-methyl-N-(3-alkoxy-2-hydroxy) propyl-N-(3-sulfonic) propyl] methylene}
Authors: Zuo Zhonghua , Zhou Ming , Liao Mao , Peng Pengao , Zhang Jingfeng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Surfactants are very often used in tertiary oil production. However, the conventional surfactants cannot be used in high salinity reservoirs of tertiary oil production because the high salinity leads to the deactivation of the surfactants. Gemini sulpho-betaine surfactants have been developed to meet the requirements of tertiary oil production in such reservoirs. In this study, the Gemini sulphobetaine surfactant (bis{[(N-methyl-N-(3-alkoxy-2-hydroxy)propyl-N-(3-sulfonate)propyl]methylene}) was prepared by etherification, ring opening reaction and sulfonation reaction with decyl alcohol, epichlorohydrin, N,N’-dimethyl ethylene diamine and 1,3-propanesultone. The experimental conditions obtained are: the ratio of 1,3-propanesulfonic acid lactone to tertiary amine intermediate = 2.3 : 1, reaction temperature = 70°C and reaction time = 11 h. The analysis of the infrared spectrum showed that the structure of the synthesised substance corresponds to that of a Gemini sulphobetaine surfactant. The chemical shifts of the groups were determined by 1HNMR structural characterisation of the products. The surface tension, emulsifying properties, foaming properties and wetting properties were investigated. The results showed that the surfactant has good foaming properties and good compatibility in a high salt environment.
Synthesis and Characterization of an Amphoteric Asphalt Emulsifier
Authors: Shi Laishun , Ji Tong , Ma Jingqiu , Yu Xiaomeng , Chen Yawen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA novel amphoteric asphalt emulsifier of octadecylbis(propanamide)-(3’-sodium phosphate-2’-hydroxypropyl)ammonium chloride was synthesised from the raw materials octadecylamine, acrylamide, epichlorohydrin and sodium dihydrogen phosphate. The tertiary amine octadecyl-bis(propanamide) was synthesised from octadecylamine and acrylamide (step 1). Sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl phosphate (intermediate) was obtained from epichlorohydrin and sodium dihydrogen phosphate (step 2). The asphalt emulsifier was obtained from octadecyl-bis(propanamide)-tertiary amine and the intermediate by quaternisation reaction (step 3). The yield of the final product reached 94.90%. The structure was identified by FTIR,1H-NMR and elemental analysis. The critical micelle concentration of the product is 1.46 × 10–5mol L–1. The surface tension at CMC is 37.78 mN ν–1. The saturated adsorption amount of asphalt emulsifier is 2.72 × 10–3mmol ν–2. The occupied area per asphalt emulsifier molecule at CMC is 0.611 nm2mol–1. The surfactant is a fast-setting asphalt emulsifier.
Assessment and Application of Modified Cationic Polyvinyl Alcohol Emulsifiers in Bitumen Emulsions
Authors: Wang Linlin , Wang Xiaoxi , Hou Runhan , Zhang Qian , Wang Yuexin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work, a series of emulsifiers were prepared by changing the molar ratio of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to the long chain quaternary ammonium salt (A0). The emulsifiers were characterised by FTIR and 1HNMR. The stability of the emulsions was checked and evaluated by determining the phase separation and by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The emulsion stability increased with increasing emulsifier concentration, which was mainly due to the reduced droplet size and increased viscosity of the emulsions. Stability was also dependent on pH. At pH values between 5 to 3, stability was increased, but at further decreasing pH values, the emulsion became unstable or the emulsion separated. This could be mainly because the excess of positive ions compresses the double electron layer. The experimental results showed that PVA as a macromolecular matrix material has a great application potential for the emulsification process.
Polypropylene Glycol Modified Chitosan Composite as a Novel Adsorbent to Remove Cu(II) From Wastewater
Authors: Ji Zheng , Zhang Yansong , Wang Huchuan , Li Chuanrun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pollution by heavy metals has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Therefore, the development of new efficient adsorbents to treat this pollution is of great importance. Due to their excellent adsorption properties and good biodegradability, natural polymeric materials are potential problem solvers. This study reports on the production and application of polypropylene glycol modified chitosan composites (PMC). The PMC composite material has many functional groups (–OH and –NH2). Its maximum adsorption capacity for Cu(II) is 661.8 mg g–1. The corresponding adsorption studies, including the effects of pH, contact time and amount of adsorbent, showed that the PMC composite has potential application value.
Integration von Process Mining ins Shopfloor Management
Authors: Dombrowski Uwe , Triltsch Udo , Kubin Gerd , Ortmeier Christian , Schlenzka Jonas , Kellermann Stephan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Das produzierende Gewerbe und insbesondere kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen stehen aktuell vor der Herausforderung, die Wettbewerbssicherung durch ein effizientes und effektives Produktionssystem zu gewährleisten. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wird der systematische Einsatz von Methoden und Werkzeugen Ganzheitlicher Produktionssysteme (GPS) forciert. Das Shopfloor Management (SFM) stellt dabei eine etablierte Methode zur Überwachung der Zielgrößen hinsichtlich Qualität, Kosten und Zeit dar. Die steigende Datenvernetzung und durchgängigkeit in der Produktion eröffnen für das herkömmliche SFM neue Potenziale. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes zwischen der MAN Truck & Bus SE und der Technischen Universität Braunschweig wurden daher Herausforderungen und Chancen bei der Integration von Process Mining (PM) in das SFM untersucht und eine Methodik zur Implementierung entwickelt.
Betriebsdaten und ihre aktuellen Potenziale
Authors: Arnold Daniel , Wilmsmeier Sören , Denkena Berend , Dayeg Aymen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Für produzierende Unternehmen sind Produktionsdaten das neue Gold. Insbesondere für die Produktionsplanung und -steuerung sind die Qualität und die Aktualität der erfassten Daten entscheidend. Der aktuelle Stand der Technik beim Schürfen des Goldes ist jedoch noch immer geprägt von manuellen Tätigkeiten. Wie effizient diese Praxis bei der Erfassung der Daten in den Unternehmen ist und welche Auswirkung diese auf die „Reinheit“ der Daten hat, zeigt dieser Beitrag.
Verschleißschutzschichten für das Halbwarmschmieden
Authors: Schellenberg David , Plogmeyer Marcel , Kruse Jens , Stonis Malte , Behrens Bernd-Arno , Bräuer Günter 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Im Automobil- und Maschinenbau werden massivumgeformte Bauteile in vielen Anwendungen eingesetzt. Die Gesenke für die Bauteile erfahren während der Umformung aufgrund von hohen Umformkräften und Temperaturen einen hohen Verschleiß. Um einen wirtschaftlichen Produktionsbetrieb zu ermöglichen, wurden Methoden zur Verminderung des Verschleißes bei der Halbwarmumformung untersucht. Eine vielversprechende Methode ist der Einsatz von Diamondlike-Carbon (DLC)-Verschleißschutzschichten.
Konzept eines systemischen Entwicklungsprozesses zur Hebung von Leichtbaupotenzialen
Authors: Scholz Johannes , Kaspar Jerome , Quirin Steven , Kneidl Benedikt , Kleiner Sven , Friedmann Marco , Fleischer Jürgen , Herrmann Hans-Georg , Vielhaber Michael 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Abseits der klassischen Leichtbaubranchen ist eine gezielte Gewichtsreduktion aufgrund der Mehrkosten, trotz ihrer großen Potenziale, stark gehemmt. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Konzept für einen systemischen Leichtbauentwicklungsprozess vorgestellt, der es ermöglichen soll, leichtere Produkte effizient zu entwickeln. Der Fokus liegt auf der integrierten Betrachtung der Domänen Produkt, Produktion, Werkstoff und Fügetechnologie.
Zukunftsperspektive von Lithium-Ionen-Batteriepacks
Authors: Kirschner Christoph , Moerth-Teo Oliver , Ramsauer Christian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Um dem Voranschreiten des Klimawandels entgegen zu wirken, sind globale Lösungen auf offene Fragen der Elektromobilität notwendig. Aufbauend auf einer Literaturrecherche erörtert dieser Beitrag mögliche Trends und Herausforderungen der Produktionsphase eines Lithium-Ionen-Batteriepacks. Daraus werden relevante Unsicherheiten, die diese Branche zukünftig stark beeinflussen werden, sowie entsprechende Forschungsansätze abgeleitet.
Wertstromgerechte Produktgestaltung mittels Simulation absichern
Authors: Riedel Oliver , Scholtz Oliver , Marrenbach Dirk , Hornung Tim , Mack Jessica 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Die Methodik, Produkt und Produktionssystem wertstromgerecht aufeinander abzustimmen, wird anhand eines Demonstrationsprodukts am Fraunhofer IAO beispielhaft vorgestellt. Hierbei werden in einer frühen Phase der Produktentwicklung der Wertstrom simuliert und die Lieferfähigkeit analysiert. In Anlehnung an ein reales Industrieprodukt werden das lieferzeitbestimmende Teil standardisiert und die Variantenanzahl von 128 auf 2 verringert. Mit dieser wertstromgerechten Produktgestaltung können die Anforderungen an die Lieferfähigkeit erfüllt werden.
Agentenbasierte Simulation für CPPS
Authors: Voit Patrick , Jira Marco , Horn Max , Seidel Christian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Für Cyber-physische Produktionssysteme entwickeln Fertigungsplaner modular, skalierbare Fertigungszellen. Die alternativen Zellkonfigurationen sind jedoch aufgrund diverser Einflüsse in der kundenindividuellen Massenfertigung aufwändig zu bewerten. Zur virtuellen Absicherung wird daher ein simulationsgestützter Modellierungs- und Bewertungsansatz vorgestellt. Der Ansatz besteht aus einem methodischen Vorgehen mit einem zugrundeliegenden agentenbasierten Simulationsmodell.
Eigenschaften marktfähiger AM-Dienstleistungen
Authors: Kompalik Paul Nikolas , Menold Paul Philipp 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAdditive Fertigung hat das Potenzial, die Industrie zu revolutionieren. Derzeit mangelt es noch an der Industrialisierung. Die Applikation der Service-Centered-Theorie erzeugt einen Mehrwert für Unternehmen als Hilfe bei der Entwicklung von marktfähigen Dienstleistungen für die Additive Fertigung. Unternehmen sollten vertieft Dienstleistungsangebote mit Abonnement entwickeln, um das Potenzial der ohnehin vorliegenden relationalen Kundenbeziehung bestmöglich auszuschöpfen.
Konzeption und Entwicklung eines Produktionsanlagenkonfigurators
Authors: Gönnheimer Philipp , Ehrmann Christopher , Wu Yaguang , Kimmig Andreas , Fleischer Jürgen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Kürzere Produktlebenszyklen und der fortschreitende Trend zur Individualisierung von Produktionsgütern mit immer kleineren Losgrößen führen zu der Notwendigkeit eines wiederkehrenden Prozesses, der die Auswahl und Konfiguration von Produktionssystemen beinhaltet. Produktionssysteme werden dabei auf Basis der Produktanforderungen aus einer großen Zahl komplexer Einzelmaschinen und Komponenten zusammengestellt, was zu einem hohen Integrationsaufwand führt. In diesem Beitrag wird daher ein Ansatz zur nutzerindividuellen, modellbasierten Auswahl von Maschinen und Anlagen vorgestellt, der im Rahmen eines deutsch-chinesischen Industrie-4.0-Forschungsprojekts entwickelt wurde.
Konzept zur Lösung von industriellen Reihenfolgeplanungsproblemen
Authors: Schworm Philipp , Klar Matthias , Glatt Moritz , Aurich Jan C. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Das auf quantenmechanischen Prozessen basierende Quanten-Annealing ist eine Technologie, die es erlaubt, Energieminimierungsprobleme effizient zu lösen. Durch die Formulierung von Reihenfolgeplanungsproblemen als Energieminimierungsprobleme bieten sich Potenziale einer zeiteffizienten Lösung mittels Quanten-Annealing. Gegenstand dieses Beitrags ist ein Konzept zur Überführung von Reihenfolgeminimierungsproblemen in eine mittels Quanten-Annealing verarbeitbare Problemformulierung.
MBSE-Modellierung für Verhaltens- und Struktursimulation
Authors: Zimmermann Thomas C. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Technische Systeme werden mithilfe von Modellbasiertem Systems Engineering (MBSE) beschrieben, um eine domänenübergreifende Wissensbasis zu erzeugen, die es den beteiligten Stakeholdern ermöglicht, Systemelemente konsistent und parallel zu entwickeln. Die Qualität dieser Modelle ist maßgeblich dafür, wie effizient dieses Wissen aus dem MBSE auch zur Systemexploration verwendet werden kann, um Systemzusammenhänge zu analysieren, indem verschiedene Modellarten gemeinsam simuliert werden.
Retrospective cohort study on preparation regimens for frozen embryo transfer
Authors: Atkinson Monique , Crittenden Jenny , Smith Howard , Sjoblom Cecilia 
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study was to examine the pregnancy outcomes from frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles using different endometrial preparation regimens, compared to ovulation induction with letrozole (letrozole OI). A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a fertility centre in Sydney, Australia, on 6060 FET cycles. The cycles were stratified into one of four ways to achieve endometrial preparation. These were either a natural, letrozole OI, OI with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH OI) or a programmed cycle. The primary outcome was live birth rate (LBR) per embryo transfer. Secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy and biochemical pregnancy rates, adverse events including miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, stillbirth, neonatal death and multiple births. Ovarian stimulation parameters were also analysed including the time taken to reach the luteal phase and the number of blood or urine tests required for monitoring the cycle. The results of the study showed that the LBR following letrozole OI cycles was higher when compared to natural cycles (odds ratio (OR): 1.27 (1.07–1.49)) and programmed cycles (OR: 2.36 (1.67–3.34)). There was no significant difference between letrozole OI and FSH OI LBR (OR: 0.99 (0.76–1.28)). An improved LBR with letrozole OI compared to natural cycles was maintained when only women with a normal length cycle were considered (OR: 1.44 (1.10–1.89)). There was a significant reduction in miscarriage rates when letrozole OI was compared to programmed cycles (OR: 0.46 (0.26–0.83)). It was therefore concluded that the use of letrozole OI for endometrial preparation in an FET cycle may be associated with higher LBR and lower miscarriage rate, compared to using a programmed cycle.

Lay summary
Couples suffering from infertility frequently try to conceive following the transfer of an embryo which has been frozen during an in vitro fertilisation cycle. Embryos will only lead to a pregnancy if the woman’s womb lining has particular characteristics that allow it to accept the embryo. Despite the thousands of frozen embryo transfer cycles carried out across the world, it is not known how best to prepare a woman’s lining so it has these particular characteristics. This study looked at the pregnancy outcomes of 6060 cycles to compare four different ways to prepare a woman’s womb lining. These included relying on a woman’s natural menstrual cycle, or using an oral medication called letrozole, or injectable medicine called follicle-stimulating hormone, or oestrogen and progesterone hormonal medications. The comparison found that using letrozole before transfer of a frozen embryo may be associated with higher rates of a live birth for some women.
Metric properties of Cayley graphs of alternating groups
Authors: Olshevskyi M.S. 
Published: November 2021

A well known diameter search problem for finite groups with respect to its systems of generators is considered. The problem can be formulated as follows: find the diameter of a group over its system of generators. The diameter of a group over a specific system of generators is the diameter of the corresponding Cayley graph.
It is considered alternating groups with classic irreducible system of generators consisting of cycles with length three of the form $(1,2,k)$. The main part of the paper concentrates on analysis how even permutations decompose with respect to this system of generators. The rules for moving generators from permutation's decomposition from left to right and from right to left are introduced. These rules give rise for transformations of decompositions, that do not increase their lengths. They are applied for removing fixed points of a permutation, that were included in its decomposition. Based on this rule the stability of system of generators is proved. The strict growing property of the system of generators is also proved, as the corollary of transformation rules and the stability property.
It is considered homogeneous theory, that was introduced in the previous author's paper. For the series of alternating groups with systems of generators mentioned above it is shown that this series is uniform and homogeneous. It makes possible to apply the homogeneous down search algorithm to compute the diameter. This algorithm is applied and exact values of diameters for alternating groups of degree up to 43 are computed.
Central Venous Catheter Salvage in Ambulatory Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Ford William J.H. , Bundy David G. , Oyeku Suzette , Heo Moonseong , Saiman Lisa , Rosenberg Rebecca E. , DeLaMora Patricia , Rabin Barbara , Zachariah Philip , Mirhaji Parsa , Klein Elizabeth , Obaro-Best Oghale , Drasher Michael , Peshansky Alexandre , Rinke Michael L. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
Guidelines for treatment of central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) recommend removing central venous catheters (CVCs) in many cases. Clinicians must balance these recommendations with the difficulty of obtaining alternate access and subjecting patients to additional procedures. In this study, we evaluated CVC salvage in pediatric patients with ambulatory CLABSI and associated risk factors for treatment failure.

METHODS
This study was a secondary analysis of 466 ambulatory CLABSIs in patients &lt;22 years old who presented to 5 pediatric medical centers from 2010 to 2015. We defined attempted CVC salvage as a CVC left in place ≥3 days after a positive blood culture result. Salvage failure was removal of the CVC ≥3 days after CLABSI. Successful salvage was treatment of CLABSI without removal of the CVC. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to test associations between risk factors and attempted and successful salvage.

RESULTS
A total of 460 ambulatory CLABSIs were included in our analysis. CVC salvage was attempted in 379 (82.3%) cases. Underlying diagnosis, CVC type, number of lumens, and absence of candidemia were associated with attempted salvage. Salvage was successful in 287 (75.7%) attempted cases. Underlying diagnosis, CVC type, number of lumens, and absence of candidemia were associated with successful salvage. In patients with malignancy, neutropenia within 30 days before CLABSI was significantly associated with both attempted salvage and successful salvage.

CONCLUSIONS
CVC salvage was often attempted and was frequently successful in ambulatory pediatric patients presenting with CLABSI.
Mumps in Vaccinated Children and Adolescents: 2007–2019
Authors: Shepersky Leah , Marin Mona , Zhang John , Pham Huong , Marlow Mariel A. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
Despite a &gt;99% reduction in US mumps cases after the introduction of mumps vaccine in 1967, outbreaks have occurred in schools and other settings involving vaccinated children and adolescents since 2006.

METHODS
We analyzed mumps cases reported by US health departments to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. We present the incidence and vaccination status of pediatric cases (age &lt;18 years) during 2007–2019 and describe demographic, clinical, and vaccination characteristics of pediatric cases reported during the most recent resurgence in 2015–2019.

RESULTS
During 2007–2019, 9172 pediatric cases were reported, accounting for a median of 32% of all cases reported each year (range: 13%–59%). A median of 87% (range: 81%–94%) of pediatric patients each year had previously received ≥1 measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine dose. During 2015–2019, of 5461 pediatric cases reported, only 2% of those with known import status (74%) were associated with international travel. One percent of patients had complications and 2% were hospitalized. Among patients aged ≥1 year with known vaccination status (72%), 74% of 1- to 4-year-olds had received ≥1 MMR dose and 86% of 5- to 17-year-olds had received ≥2 MMR doses. Since 2016, pediatric mumps cases have been reported in most US states each year (range: 38–45 states).

CONCLUSIONS
Since 2007, one-third of US reported mumps cases occurred in children and adolescents, the majority of whom were vaccinated. Clinicians should suspect mumps in patients with parotitis or mumps complications, regardless of age, travel history, and vaccination status.
Alfabetizar em escola pública de período integral: reflexões a partir da ótica dos sujeitos da prática
Authors: Grava Andréia De Souza , Campos Elisabete Ferreira Esteves 
Published: November 2021

Este artigo apresenta considerações sobre pesquisa desenvolvida entre 2017 e 2019 que tratou dos desafios da alfabetização numa escola de período integral, localizada em um município da Grande São Paulo. Estabeleceu-se como objetivo principal analisar as facetas da alfabetização e seus desafios a partir da ótica dos sujeitos da prática. As entrevistas com os(as) participantes basearam-se em Szymanski, favorecendo a expressão de ideias, conceitos e relatando os desafios em relação ao tema. Conclui-se que, na escola pesquisada, a coordenadora pedagógica não se sente legitimada, dificultando o trabalho coletivo. Os(as) docentes participantes não fundamentam suas práticas de alfabetização em estudos teóricos, lançando mão, inclusive, de atividades encontradas na internet. A escola de período integral não é reconhecida como favorecedora dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem e, portanto, da alfabetização. Palavras-chave: Alfabetização; escola de período integral; professores alfabetizadores.
Siegmund von Herberstein kiadványainak magyar vonatkozású illusztrációi
Authors: Papp Júlia 
Published: November 2021

A 16. század első felében tevékenykedő diplomata, Siegmund von Herberstein az 1540-es évek végétől megjelent oroszországi útleírásait, illetve önéletrajzi munkáit számos illusztrációval díszítette, melyek között több magyar vonatkozásút is találunk. Augustinus Hirschvogel készítette azokat az ábrázolásokat, melyek a Herberstein által meglátogatott uralkodókat – köztük II. Lajost – illetve európai követi útjait – köztük egy kocsival megtett magyarországit – örökítettek meg. A díszes fantáziapáncélt viselő uralkodók azonban nem hiteles portrék voltak: előképeiket Id. Hans Burgkmair 1509 – 1512 körül I. Miksa Genealógiája számára készített fametszeteiben, illetve az 1540-es évek közepén keletkezett, nyomtatásban csak 1618-ban megjelent Augsburger Geschlechterbuch rézkarcaiban találjuk meg. Hirschvogel Herberstein megbízására később olyan medaillon formájú mellképeket készített, melyek a kor fogalmai szerint hitelesebbek voltak, hiszen az uralkodókat ábrázoló festmények, metszetek, emlékérmek nyomán készültek. Míg a fantáziaképek többé nem jelentek meg, a medaillon formájú uralkodóportrékkal és a jelenetekkel – különböző műfajban és elrendezésben – Herberstein számos kiadványában később is találkozunk.
A Herberstein utazásait bemutató jelenetek száma is bővült: egy életképi jelenet egyik legfontosabb követi megbízását, az 1541 őszén, Buda elfoglalása után Szulejmán dunai haditáborában tett látogatását örökítette meg. A tárgyalásoknak, melyek erdményeként sikerült elkerülni, hogy a török szultán Bécs ellen vonuljon, két másik vizuális emléke is ránk maradt. Herberstein életrajzi kiadványait – egy sajátos, felfokozott önreprezentáció megnyilvánulásaként – hat egészalakos képmással is díszítette, melyek különböző követi ruhában ábrázolták. Közülök az egyiket 1541-es budai látogatása során viselte, egy másikat pedig tárgyalásai végén Szulejmántól kapta ajándékba.