bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Value of First-Trimester Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Chinese Population Cohort Study
Authors: Sun Jianbin , Chai Sanbao , Zhao Xin , Yuan Ning , Du Jing , Liu Yufang , Li Zhi , Zhang Xiaomei 
Published: April 2021

This study was aimed at exploring the predictive value of first-trimester glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 744 pregnant women registered at the Peking University International Hospital between March 2017 and March 2019 were included in this study. Data on personal characteristics and biochemical indicators of the pregnant women were collected during the first trimester. The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups has adopted specific diagnostic criteria as the gold standard for the diagnosis of GDM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve statistics were used to assess the predictive value of first-trimester HbA1c levels in the diagnosis of GDM. HbA1c levels in the first trimester were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the non-GDM group (

5.23
%
±
0.29
%

vs.

5.06
±
0.28
%

,

P
<
0.05

). The first-trimester HbA1c level was an independent risk factor for gestational diabetes. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of HbA1c for GDM was 0.655 (95% confidence interval 0.620-0.689,

P
<
0.001

). The positive likelihood ratio was the highest at

HbA
1
c
=
5.9
%

, sensitivity was 2.78, and specificity was 99.83%. There was no statistical difference in AUC between fasting blood glucose and HbA1c (

P
=
0.407

). First-trimester HbA1c levels can be used to predict GDM. The risk of GDM was significantly increased in pregnant women with

first
‐
trimester

HbA
1
c

levels
>
5.9
%

. There was no statistical difference between first-trimester HbA1c and fasting blood glucose levels in predicting GDM.
Dissecting Clonal Hematopoiesis in Tissues of Patients with Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Venanzi Alessandra , Marra Andrea , Schiavoni Gianluca , Milner Sara G. , Limongello Roberto , Santi Alessia , Pettirossi Valentina , Ultimo Simona , Tasselli Luisa , Pucciarini Alessandra , Falini Lorenza , Sciabolacci Sofia , Martelli Maria Paola , Sportoletti Paolo , Ascani Stefano , Falini Brunangelo , Tiacci Enrico 
Published: April 2021

AbstractClonal hematopoiesis predisposes to hematologic malignancies. However, clonal hematopoiesis is understudied in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), a mature B-cell neoplasm exhibiting the most abundant microenvironment. We analyzed clonal hematopoiesis in 40 cHL cases by sequencing microdissected tumor cells and matched normal cells from blood and/or lymph nodes. Five patients had blood and/or tissue clonal hematopoiesis. In three of five patients (all failing first-line therapy), clonal hematopoiesis spread through the tissue microenvironment extensively, and featured mutant DNMT3AR882H, KRASG60D, and DNMT3AR882H+TET2Q1274* in 33%, 92%, and 60% of nonneoplastic cells, respectively. In the latter case, DNMT3A/TET2-mutant clonal hematopoiesis seeded the neoplastic clone, which was infected by the Epstein–Barr virus and showed almost no other somatic mutations exome-wide. In the former case, DNMT3A-mutant clonal hematopoiesis did not originate the neoplastic clone despite dominating the blood and B-cell lineage (∼94% leukocytes; ∼96% mature blood B cells), yet led to NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia 6 years after therapy for cHL. Our results expand to cHL the spectrum of hematologic malignancies associated with clonal hematopoiesis.Significance:Clonal hematopoiesis can be present in the cHL tissue, can give rise to the tumor clone, and can spread to large parts of its microenvironment. Even when massive, clonal hematopoiesis does not always give rise to the neoplastic clone of multiple myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms occurring in the same patient.
Consensus Decision‐Making for the Management of Antiplatelet Therapy before Non‐Cardiac Surgery in Patients Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Second‐Generation Drug‐Eluting Stents: A Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Choongki , Kim Jung‐Sun , Kim Hyeongsoo , Ahn Sung Gyun , Cho Sungsoo , Lee Oh‐Hyun , Park Jong‐Kwan , Shin Sanghoon , Moon Jae Youn , Won Hoyoun , Suh Yongsung , Cho Jung Rae , Cho Yun‐Hyeong , Oh Seung‐Jin , Lee Byoung‐Kwon , Hong Sung‐Jin , Shin Dong‐Ho , Ahn Chul‐Min , Kim Byeong‐Keuk , Ko Young‐Guk , Choi Donghoon , Hong Myeong‐Ki , Jang Yangsoo 
Published: April 2021

Background
Although antiplatelet therapy (APT) has been recommended to balance ischemic‐bleeding risks, it has been left to an individualized decision‐making based on physicians' perspectives before non‐cardiac surgery. The study aimed to assess the advantages of a consensus among physicians, surgeons, and anesthesiologists on continuation and regimen of preoperative APT in patients with coronary drug‐eluting stents.

Methods and Results

A total of 3582 adult patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery after percutaneous coronary intervention with second‐generation stents was retrospectively included from a multicenter cohort. Physicians determined whether APT should be continued or discontinued for a recommended period before non‐cardiac surgery. There were 3103 patients who complied with a consensus decision. Arbitrary APT, not based on a consensus decision, was associated with urgent surgery, high bleeding risk of surgery, female sex, and dual APT at the time of preoperative evaluation. Arbitrary APT independently increased the net clinical adverse event (adjusted odds ratio [OR
adj
], 1.98; 95% CI, 1.98–3.11), major adverse cardiac event (OR
adj
, 3.11; 95% CI, 1.31–7.34), and major bleeding (OR
adj
, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.45–3.76) risks. The association was consistently noted, irrespective of the surgical risks, recommendations, and practice on discontinuation of APT.

Conclusions
Most patients were treated in agreement with a consensus decision about preoperative APT based on a referral system among physicians, surgeons, and anesthesiologists. The risk of perioperative adverse events increased if complying with a consensus decision was failed.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03908463.
Conspecific scarring on wild belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) in Cunningham Inlet
Authors: Ham Jackson R. , Lilley Malin K. , Manitzas Hill Heather M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Intra-specific aggression is not frequently observed in wild cetaceans, including belugas. One proxy, identified in past research, that indicates past aggressive behaviour is the presence of rake marks (scars left on skin by the teeth of conspecifics). Behavioural observations of belugas, compared to bottlenose dolphins, suggest that belugas engage in less physically aggressive behaviour; yet, a detailed study of beluga aggressive behaviour remains to be conducted. Beluga intra-specific aggression was assessed by scoring photographs taken from July to August in 2015 at Cunningham Inlet, Canada for the presence/absence and body location of rake marks. Of the 252 belugas analysed, 44% had rake marks. The results suggest that physical aggression occurs comparatively less with only half of the observed beluga population having rake marks compared to almost all bottlenose dolphins previously surveyed. We suggest social structure, skin pigmentation, and/or species-specific behaviours as explanations for the differences in rake marks among species.
Tokens for Reconciliation?
Authors: Desplanque Simon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In 2017, Ken Burns and Lynn Novick released their latest documentary series, The Vietnam War, with a clear goal in mind: proposing a narrative that would “heal the wounds” generated by the war in the United States. This paper dwells on the role devoted to the “Viet’ vets” in this series. We argue that these veterans played a crucial role in this reconciliatory undertaking since they served as main conveyors of a critical vision of the war, close to what some scholars have called the “orthodox school”. In this regard, the emphasis put on them is indicative of a much broader mutation: the sacralisation of these “Viet’ vets” in official narratives and their progressive rehabilitation in U.S. popular culture.
Computational Methods for Structure-to-Function Analysis of Diet-Derived Catechins-Mediated Targeting of In Vitro Vasculogenic Mimicry
Authors: Uthamacumaran Abicumaran , Suarez Narjara Gonzalez , Baniré Diallo Abdoulaye , Annabi Borhane 
Published: April 2021

Background: Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is an adaptive biological phenomenon wherein cancer cells spontaneously self-organize into 3-dimensional (3D) branching network structures. This emergent behavior is considered central in promoting an invasive, metastatic, and therapy resistance molecular signature to cancer cells. The quantitative analysis of such complex phenotypic systems could require the use of computational approaches including machine learning algorithms originating from complexity science. Procedures: In vitro 3D VM was performed with SKOV3 and ES2 ovarian cancer cells cultured on Matrigel. Diet-derived catechins disruption of VM was monitored at 24 hours with pictures taken with an inverted microscope. Three computational algorithms for complex feature extraction relevant for 3D VM, including 2D wavelet analysis, fractal dimension, and percolation clustering scores were assessed coupled with machine learning classifiers. Results: These algorithms demonstrated the structure-to-function galloyl moiety impact on VM for each of the gallated catechin tested, and shown applicable in quantifying the drug-mediated structural changes in VM processes. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence of how appropriate 3D VM compression and feature extractors coupled with classification/regression methods could be efficient to study in vitro drug-induced perturbation of complex processes. Such approaches could be exploited in the development and characterization of drugs targeting VM.
Short report on research trends during the COVID-19 pandemic and use of telehealth interventions and remote brain research in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Su Wan-Chun , Srinivasan Sudha , Cleffi Corina , Bhat Anjana 
Published: April 2021

Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the delivery of face-to-face (F2F) therapeutic interventions and neuroimaging assessments for children with autism spectrum disorder has been disrupted. To resume interventions and assessments, many services are now using telehealth-based online platforms. Using the Zoom conferencing platform, our research group has been providing creative play-based interventions to school-age children with autism spectrum disorder. The feedback on this telehealth intervention experience has been generally positive (mean satisfaction score: 4.4 on a 5-point Likert-type scoring range) and our preliminary data from six children with autism spectrum disorder suggest training-related improvements in gross motor, balance, and imitation skills. Despite the positive results, it remains to be explored if the effects of telehealth interventions are similar to those of F2F interventions. Neuroimaging techniques could provide objective measures of intervention effects. However, this will require researchers to resume neuroimaging research while adopting safe public health protocols to control the risk of COVID-19 transmission. In this short report, we summarize existing safety protocols for F2F neuroimaging research, our own experiences of safely conducting alternative, on-site and off-site neuroimaging data collection, as well as the potential opportunities of using online data sharing and low-cost, remote neuroimaging/electrophysiological techniques to continue brain research during the pandemic. Lay abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption in F2F healthcare delivery and neuroimaging research, especially when involving vulnerable populations such as children with autism spectrum disorder. Given the easy access to multiple video conferencing platforms, many healthcare services have moved to an online delivery format (i.e. telehealth). It is important to monitor the behavioral and neural effects of telehealth interventions and resume neuroimaging research while adopting public health safety protocols to control the risk of COVID-19 transmission. We summarize existing safety protocols and our own experience from in-person functional near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging data collection (on-site, at home, and in outdoor settings), as well as potential opportunities of using online data sharing and low-cost, remote neuroimaging/electrophysiological techniques to continue brain research during the pandemic.
Effects of Angular Resolution and b Value on Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Knee Joint
Authors: Zhao Qi , Ridout Rees P. , Shen Jikai , Wang Nian 
Published: April 2021

Objective To investigate the influences of the diffusion gradient directions (angular resolution) and the strength of the diffusion gradient ( b value) on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics and tractography of various connective tissues in knee joint. Design Two rat knee joints were scanned on a preclinical 9.4-T system using a 3-dimensional diffusion-weighted spin echo pulse sequence. One protocol with b value of 500, 1500, and 2500 s/mm2 were acquired separately using 43 diffusion gradient directions. The other protocol with b value of 1000 s/mm2 was performed using 147 diffusion gradient directions. The in-plane resolution was 45 µm isotropic. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were compared at different angular resolution. Tractography was quantitatively evaluated at different b values and angular resolutions in cartilage, ligament, meniscus, and growth plate. Results The ligament showed higher FA value compared with growth plate and cartilage. The FA values were largely overestimated at the angular resolution of 6. Compared with FA, MD showed less sensitivity to the angular resolution. The fiber tracking was failed at low angular resolution (6 diffusion gradient directions) or high b value (2500 s/mm2). The quantitative measurements of tract length and track volume were strongly dependent on angular resolution and b value. Conclusions To obtain consistent DTI outputs and tractography in knee joint, the scan may require a proper b value (ranging from 500 to 1500 s/mm2) and sufficient angular resolution (>14) with signal-to-noise ratio >10.
Improving Iowa Research Network Patient Recruitment for an Advance Care Planning Study
Authors: Schmidt Megan E. , Daly Jeanette M. , Xu Yinghui , Levy Barcey T. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction/Objectives In February 2019, recruitment began in Iowa Research Network offices for a Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) funded Advance Care Planning (ACP) study to be conducted in 7 primary care practice-based research networks across the United States and Canada. The main study trained clinicians and nursing staff in serious illness care conversations and requested they refer eligible patients. Eligible patients were those with serious illness or frailty expected to live 1 to 2 years. Clinicians indicated it was difficult to identify eligible patients. This study aimed to find better methods for increasing patient recruitment for the ACP study. Methods Research staff brainstormed and implemented strategies to increase patient referrals from clinicians. Participating offices used Epic for their medical record and the Gagne Index was used to generate a list of eligible patients in Epic SlicerDicer. When patients from the Epic SlicerDicer report appeared on the schedule, clinicians and nursing staff were notified that they might be eligible for ACP. Clinicians and nursing staff were asked to complete a survey identifying their perception of implemented strategies. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was conducted to compare referral numbers before and after the Gagne Index/Epic SlicerDicer intervention. Results Seven clinicians referred patients prior to and 11 after the Gagne Index/Epic SlicerDicer intervention. Clinicians referred a total of 120 patients; 31 patients prior to and 89 patients after the Gagne Index/Epic SlicerDicer implementation ( P = .002). Survey results indicated that several strategies facilitated clinician referrals, including patients identified as potentially appropriate on the schedule, quarterly meetings with researchers, and e-mails with a list of potentially eligible patients. Conclusions Notifying clinical staff about potential study participants increased patient referrals in this ACP study. Research staff must have time, funding, and patience to support clinical staff who are expected to refer patients to studies.
Prediction of 11-year incidence of psychophysically dependent status or death among community-dwelling younger elderlies: from an age-specified community-based cohort study (the NISSIN project)
Authors: Okabayashi Satoe , Kawamura Takashi , Noma Hisashi , Wakai Kenji , Ando Masahiko , Tsushita Kazuyo , Ohira Hideki , Ukawa Shigekazu , Tamakoshi Akiko 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundPredicting adverse health events and implementing preventative measures are a necessary challenge. It is important for healthcare planners and policymakers to allocate the limited resource to high-risk persons. Prediction is also important for older individuals, their family members, and clinicians to prepare mentally and financially. The aim of this study is to develop a prediction model for within 11-year dependent status requiring long-term nursing care or death in older adults for each sex.MethodsWe carried out age-specified cohort study of community dwellers in Nisshin City, Japan. The older adults aged 64 years who underwent medical check-up between 1996 and 2005 were included in the study. The primary outcome was the incidence of the psychophysically dependent status or death or by the end of the year of age 75 years. Univariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between candidate predictors and the outcome. Using the variables withp-values less than 0.1, multivariable logistic regression analyses were then performed with backward stepwise elimination to determine the final predictors for the model.ResultsOf the 1525 female participants at baseline, 105 had an incidence of the study outcome. The final prediction model consisted of 15 variables, and thec-statistics for predicting the outcome was 0.763 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.714–0.813). Of the 1548 male participants at baseline, 211 had incidence of the study outcome. The final prediction model consisted of 16 variables, and thec-statistics for predicting the outcome was 0.735 (95% CI 0.699–0.771).ConclusionsWe developed a prediction model for older adults to forecast 11-year incidence of dependent status requiring nursing care or death in each sex. The predictability was fair, but we could not evaluate the external validity of this model. It could be of some help for healthcare planners, policy makers, clinicians, older individuals, and their family members to weigh the priority of support.
Effect of Shuangdan Mingmu capsule, a Chinese herbal formula, on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of pericytes through PARP/GAPDH pathway
Authors: Nie Fujiao , Yan Jiazhao , Ling Yanjun , Liu Zhengrong , Fu Chaojun , Li Xiang , Qin Yuhui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) has become a worldwide concern because of the rising prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus (DM). Despite much energy has been committed to DR research, it remains a difficulty for diabetic patients all over the world. Since apoptosis of retinal microvascular pericytes (RMPs) is the early characteristic of DR, this study aimed to reveal the mechanism ofShuangdan Mingmu(SDMM) capsule, a Chinese patent medicine, on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of pericytes implicated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) / glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) pathway.MethodsNetwork pharmacology approach was performed to predict biofunction of components of SDMM capsule dissolved in plasma on DR. Both PARP1 and GAPDH were found involved in the hub network of protein-protein interaction (PPI) of potential targets and were found to take part in many bioprocesses, including responding to the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic process, apoptotic signaling pathway, and response to oxygen levels through enrichment analysis. Therefore, in vitro research was carried out to validate the prediction. Human RMPs cultured with media containing 0.5 mM hydrogen oxide (H2O2) for 4 h was performed as an oxidative-damage model. Different concentrations of SDMM capsule, PARP1 inhibitor, PARP1 activation, and GAPDH inhibitor were used to intervene the oxidative-damage model with N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) as a contrast. Flow cytometry was performed to determine the apoptosis rate of cells and the expression of ROS. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) was used to determine the activity of pericytes. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO) concentration of cells supernatant and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin 1 (ET1), PARP1, and GAPDH were tested through RT-qPCR, western blot (WB), or immunocytochemistry (ICC).ResultsOverproduction of ROS, high apoptotic rate, and attenuated activity of pericytes were observed after cells were incubated with media containing 0.5 mM H2O2. Moreover, downregulation of SOD, NO, BCL2, and GAPDH, and upregulation of VEGFA, ET1, and PARP1 were discovered after cells were exposed to 0.5 mM H2O2in this study, which could be improved by PARP1 inhibitor and SDMM capsule in a dose-dependent way, whereas worsened by PARP1 activation and GAPDH inhibitor.ConclusionsSDMM capsule may attenuate oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of pericytes through downregulating PARP expression and upregulating GAPDH expression.
The role of artificial intelligence in healthcare: a structured literature review
Authors: Secinaro Silvana , Calandra Davide , Secinaro Aurelio , Muthurangu Vivek , Biancone Paolo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background/Introduction
Artificial intelligence (AI) in the healthcare sector is receiving attention from researchers and health professionals. Few previous studies have investigated this topic from a multi-disciplinary perspective, including accounting, business and management, decision sciences and health professions.

Methods
The structured literature review with its reliable and replicable research protocol allowed the researchers to extract 288 peer-reviewed papers from Scopus. The authors used qualitative and quantitative variables to analyse authors, journals, keywords, and collaboration networks among researchers. Additionally, the paper benefited from the Bibliometrix R software package.

Results
The investigation showed that the literature in this field is emerging. It focuses on health services management, predictive medicine, patient data and diagnostics, and clinical decision-making. The United States, China, and the United Kingdom contributed the highest number of studies. Keyword analysis revealed that AI can support physicians in making a diagnosis, predicting the spread of diseases and customising treatment paths.

Conclusions
The literature reveals several AI applications for health services and a stream of research that has not fully been covered. For instance, AI projects require skills and data quality awareness for data-intensive analysis and knowledge-based management. Insights can help researchers and health professionals understand and address future research on AI in the healthcare field.