bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-155-5p Suppress SOX1 to Promote the Proliferation of Cholangiocarcinoma via RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway
Authors: Wang Da , Xiong Fei , Wu Guanhua , Liu Wenzheng , Wang Bing , Chen Yong-jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAccumulating evidences indicate that SOX1 is closely related to tumorigenesis and development, upregulation of SOX1 is recently reported to suppress growth of human cancers. However, the expression and role of SOX1 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remain unknown.MethodsThe expression levels of SOX1 in CCA tissues and normal bile duct tissues were examined by public GEO database, and western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to confirm the expression again. Cell proliferation assay (CCK-8) and colony formation assay were performed to determine proliferation of CCA cells. A model of transplatable subcutaneously tumors in mouse was used to evaluated proliferation of CCA in vivo. The putative regulating factor of SOX1 were disclosed by Targetscan and a dual-luciferase reporter assay.ResultsSOX1 was downregulated in CCA tissues. Overexpression of SOX1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, miR-155-5p directly targets 3’UTR of SOX1 and inhibits expression of SOX1, resulting in the activation of RAF, MEK and ERK phosphorylation and thus CCA proliferation. However, when SOX1 expression was restored in miR-155-5p overexpressing cell lines, the phosphorylation level of RAF, MEK and ERK were decreased, as well as the proliferation of CCA cells.ConclusionMiR-155-5p could bind to the 3’UTR of SOX1 to decrease the expression of SOX1, and further activated the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway to promote CCA progression.
Conservation of Latin America freshwater biodiversity:
beyond political borders
Authors: Kuemmerlen Mathias , Batista-Morales Angélica María , Bruder Andreas , Turak Eren , Roque Fabio de Oliveira 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Latin America’s tremendous socio-cultural and biological diversity has evolved along tightly intertwined, far-reaching river networks. Decisions taken by any one country, may have strong impacts on the regional and even global biodiversity conservation agenda, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity. Here we propose and illustrate four perspectives that complement the actions suggested by Azevedo-Santos et al. (2021) to contribute to the effective conservation of freshwater biodiversity in Latin America, particularly in the context of the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, currently under negotiation among the parties. Our suggestions put forward cross-border perspectives, urging governments to engage in actions, objectives, monitoring elements and post-2020 indicators that consider the reality of and threats to transnational ecosystems such as many river basins of Latin America.
Global distribution of mcr gene variants in 214,095 metagenomic samples
Authors: Martiny Hannah-Marie , Munk Patrick , Brinch Christian , Szarvas Judit , Aarestrup Frank , Petersen Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Since the initial discovery of a mobilized colistin resistance gene (mcr-1), several other variants have been reported, some of which might have circulated a while before being discovered. Metagenomic data provides an opportunity to re-analyze available older data to understand the evolutionary history of recently discovered antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Here, we present a large-scale metagenomic study of 442 Tbp of sequencing reads from 214,095 samples to identify the host and geographical distribution and genomic context of nine mcr gene variants (mcr-1 to mcr-9). Our results show that the dissemination of each variant is not uniform. Instead, the source and location play a role in the spread. Despite the very diverse distribution, the genomic background of the mcr genes remains unchanged as the same mobile genetic elements and plasmid replicons occur. This work emphasizes the importance of sharing genomic data for surveillance of ARGs in our fight against antimicrobial resistance.
Anemia in Patients with Takayasu’s Arteritis and its Correlation with Disease Activity
Authors: Guo Yanqiu , Du Juan , Li Taotao , Zheng Keyang , Gao Na , Pan Lili 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Anemia is a common clinical condition in autoimmune disease, but there are few related studies in Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK). The purpose of this study is to detect clinical characteristics of anemia patients with TAK and to explore the relationship between the hemoglobin level and the disease activity in TAK. Methods This retrospective study included 160 cases of hospitalized patients with TAK and 110 cases of age-and sex-matched healthy people. According to the hemoglobin level, 160 TAK patients were divided into two groups with and without anemia, the immune indexes were compared between the two groups. 28 patients with anemia in TAK were followed up and the changes of immune indexes before and after treatment were compared.Results Hemoglobin in TAK patients is significantly lower than that of healthy control group. Among the 160 cases of TAK, 67 cases of anemia are mild to moderate anemia, and most of which are normocytic anemia. In anemia patients with TAK, women was more common (P=0.014), age at admission was more younger (P=0.002), the disease duration was shorter (P=0.017). The levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, P=0.000), C-reactive protein (CRP, P=0.000), interleukin-6 (IL-6, P=0.036) and disease activity scores (NIH P=0.000, ITASA P=0.001, ITAS2010 P=0.030) were significantly higher in anemia patients with TAK. The risk of anemia in TAK patients with elevated CRP was 2.35 times than that of TAK patients without elevated CRP (OR = 2.350, 95% CI 1.055-5.234, P = 0.037). After followed up for 3-6 months, hemoglobin levels increased significantly (P=0.001), ESR (P=0.000), CRP (P=0.039) and disease activity scores (NIH P=0.001, ITASA P=0.000, ITAS2010 P=0.000) decreased significantly through effective treatment without iron supplementation, and the changes of hemoglobin after treatment were negatively correlated with the changes of ESR (P=0.046) and CRP (P=0.002).Conclusion Anemia patients with TAK were more common in young women, and the disease activity was higher. Anemia can be significantly improved without iron supplementation through effective treatment to reduce disease activity of TAK.
Hourly-resolution Analysis of a Mussel Shell: Influence of Normal Tide and the Great Tsunami
Authors: Sano Yuji , Okumura Tomoyo , Murakami-Sugihara Naoko , Tanaka Kentaro , Kagoshima Takanori , Ishida Akizumi , Hori Masako , Snyder Glen , Takahata Naoto , Shirai Kotaro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We report here hourly variations of Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios in a Mediterranean mussel shell (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected at the Otsuchi bay, on the Pacific coast of northeastern Japan. This bivalve was living in the intertidal zone, where such organisms are known to form a daily or bidaily growth line comprised of abundant organic matter. Mg/Ca ratios of the inner surface of the outer shell layer, corresponding to the most recent date, show cyclic changes at 25-90 mm intervals, while no valuable variations are observed in Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios. High Mg/Ca ratios were probably established when the bivalve was located at low tide with a reduced supply of Ca from seawater. Immediately following the great tsunami induced by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, Mg/Ca enrichment occurred, up to 10 times that of normal low tide, while apparent Ba/Ca enrichment was observed for only a few days following the event, implementing a proxy of the past tsunami. Following the tsunami, periodic peaks and troughs in Mg/Ca continued, perhaps due to a biological memory effect as an endogenous clock.
Binding Interaction of a Ring-hydroxylating Dioxygenase with Fluoranthene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa DN1
Authors: Xue Shu-Wen , Tian Yue-Xin , Pan Jin-Cheng , Liu Ya-Ni , Ma Yanling 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa DN1 can efficiently utilize fluoranthene as its sole carbon source, and the first step in the biodegradation process is catalyzed by a ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase (RHD). To better understand the binding interaction of RHD with fluoranthene in the strain DN1, the genes encoding alpha subunit (RS30940) and beta subunit (RS05115) of the RHD were functionally characterized using gene knockout approach and homology modeling combined with molecular docking. The results showed that the mutants lacking the characteristic alpha subunit and/or beta subunit failed to degrade fluoranthene effectively. Based on the translated protein sequence and Ramachandran plot, 96.5 % of the primary amino-acid sequences of the alpha subunit in the modeled structure of the RHD were in the permitted region, 2.3 % in the allowed region, but 1.2 % in the disallowed area. The active center of the alpha subunit constituted a triangle structure of the mononuclear iron atom and the two oxygen atoms coupled with a catalytic ternary of His217-His222-Asp372 for the dihydroxylation reaction with fluoranthene. Amino acid residues adjacent to fluoranthene were nonpolar groups, and the C7-C8 positions on the fluoranthene ring were estimated to be the best oxidation sites. The distance of C7-O and C8-O was 3.77 Å and 3.04Å respectively, and both of them were parallel. The results demonstrated that the dihydroxylation reaction was initiated at C7-C8 positions of the fluoranthene ring by RHD in P. aeruginosa DN1, indicating that the binding interaction may be useful for predicting substrate conversion of RHDs.
Distance between the center of the foveal avascular zone measured automatically and the highest foveal bulge using OCT angiography
Authors: Shoji Takuhei , Ishii Hirokazu , Kanno Junji , Sasaki Takanori , Yoshikawa Yuji , Ibuki Hisashi , Shinoda Kei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The center of the fovea, termed the foveola, is the area of highest visual acuity, has the highest density of cone photoreceptors, and is the center of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ). We investigated the distance between the automatically-determined center of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and the manually-determined highest foveal bulge (FB) point using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). This cross-sectional study included 49 eyes of 49 individuals (34 women and 15 men; median age: 68 years) with no history of ocular disorders. The FAZ in the superficial capillary plexus was automatically determined using the Kanno-Saitama Macro method, and the center of the FAZ was automatically determined using ellipse approximation. The foveal center was manually identified as the highest FB point on B-scan OCTA images. The center of the FAZ was more likely to be located inferior to the highest FB point. In participants with a combined distance of more than 50 µm between the center of the FAZ and the highest FB point, the displacement was significantly more in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction (p = 0.017). These results can be applicable to further studies regarding the spatial relationships between the center of the FAZ and the highest FB point in various macular diseases or previously-treated eyes.
The Quality of life among adult Sudanese patients with epilepsy
Authors: Siddig Amira , Ahmed Abbasher Hussien Mohamed , Ahmed Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed , Omer Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Epilepsy is the most common serious brain disorder worldwide, the impact of it on quality of life can be substantial with far-reaching and life-long consequences despite all this very few studies have been carried out on the QOL in epilepsy. Objectives: To investigate the quality of life in adult Sudanese patients with epilepsy attending Daoud charity clinic June to July 2018.Methodology: Thirty six adult Sudanese patients with epilepsy were included in the study, a multi item questionnaire graded scale and check list to explore the demographic characteristics were used to assess the impact of epilepsy on QOL. Respondents were adults aged at least 18 years old with a diagnosis of epilepsy for more than 3 months the unpaired t-test or one way analysis of variances was used to compare means of QOL scores between groups. Results: Out of 360 patients 190 were males and 170 were females, the mean of age was 34.81.The most frequent type of epilepsy according to the ILAE classification was the generalized tonic clonic (78.4% of patients) .40.5% of patients had < 1 seizure per month during last year while 40.5% had more than 1 seizure per month and 16.2% were free of seizure during last year. The mean total score QOLIE-31 of this study was 43.97_+ 4.78 .Sex, age and marital state did not affect QOL scores. The study showed that type of seizure and duration of epilepsy did appear to be predictive of HRQOL .Adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have a considerable impact on quality of life and contribute to treatment failure in up to 40% of patients Conclusion: The decrease in overall score of quality of life in adult Sudanese patients is multifactorial.
WITHDRAWN: Novel Double Slit and Cross-Double Slit Experiments--- Interference Patterns Depending on Orientation of Diaphragm
Authors: Peng Hui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Young’s double slit experiments represent the mystery of quantum mechanics. To explore the mystery, in this article, we report experimental results that show novel phenomena that the interference patterns of the double slit and cross-double slit experiments depend on the orientation of the diaphragms. Those experiments provide comprehensive data for developing/testing a theoretical model.
Serological and immunochemical characteristics of Ge-negative red cells and anti-Ge
Authors: Reid M. E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Gerbich-negative red cells lack β and γ sialoglycoproteins (SGPs), which are now known to carry the Gerbich (Ge) antigens. Gerbich and Yus-type Ge-negative red cells possess distinct diffuse SGPs that migrate on sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in a position between those normally occupied by β and γ SGPs. Both these SGPs lack Ge2 antigens and possess epitopes recognized by monoclonal anti-β. These SGPs differ from each other in at least two ways. The SGP associated with the Gerbich type also lacks the Ge3 antigen and is resistant to trypsin treatment. The SGP associated with the Yus type possesses the antigenic determinant recognized by anti-Ge3 and is sensitive to trypsin digestion.
Competencias digitales docentes: Una experiencia en el nivel Universitario
Authors: Sánchez Ambriz Mercedes Leticia , Fabián Acevedo Lidia , Melgoza Mendoza Dulce María 
Published: June 2021

La emergencia sanitaria que se vive actualmente en el mundo, no sólo evidenció la dificultad para acceder y usar tecnologías, sino la poca familiaridad de los docentes con ésta. La presente investigación expone el nivel de competencias del uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) de los docentes de cuatro centros de nivel universitario de México.
Interfering with the Reactive Cysteine Proteome in COVID-19
Authors: Martinez-Banaclocha Marcos 
Published: June 2021

:
Although vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection has been initiated, effective
therapies for severe COVID-19 disease are still needed. A promising therapeutic strategy is
using FDA-approved drugs that have the biological potential to interfere with or modify
some of the viral proteins capable of changing the disease's course. Recent studies highlight
that some clinically safe drugs can suppress the viral life cycle while potentially promoting
an adequate host inflammatory/immune response by interfering with the disease's cysteine
proteome.
Molecular Targets of Cannabinoids Associated with Depression
Authors: Paudel Pradeep , Ross Samir , Li Xing-Cong 
Published: June 2021

:
Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to address depression, a major neurological
disorder affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Cannabinoids and their synthetic
derivatives have demonstrated numerous neurological activities and may have the potential to
be developed into new treatments for depression. This review highlights cannabinoid (CB)
receptors, monoamine oxidase (MAO), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, gammaaminobutyric
acid (GABA) receptor, and cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor as key molecular
targets of cannabinoids that are associated with depression. The anti-depressant activity of
cannabinoids and their binding modes with cannabinoid receptors are discussed, providing
insights into rational design and discovery of new cannabinoids or cannabimimetic agents
with improved druggable properties.
Withdrawal Notice: Graphene based Anode Nanomaterials for Microbial Fuel Cells: A Review
Authors: Chen Yuan , Zhao Zhiwei , Li Boai , Weng Zhengjin , Fang Yong , Lei Wei , Zhu Zhuoya , Jiang Helong 
Published: June 2021

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Nitric Oxide Synthase Potentiates the Resistance of Cancer Cell Lines to Anticancer Chemotherapeutics
Authors: Barnawi Ibrahim , Hawsawi Yousef M. , Dash Philip , Oyouni Atif Abdulwahab A. , Mustafa Syed Khalid , Hussien Nahed A. , Al-Amer Osama , Alomar Suliman , Mansour Lamjed 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Despite the advancement in the fields of medical science and molecular biology, cancer is
still the leading cause of death worldwide. Chemotherapy is a choice for treatment; however, the acquisition of chemoresistance
is a major impediment for cancer management. Many mechanisms have been postulated regarding the acquisition
of chemo-resistance in breast cancer and the impact on cellular signalling and the induction of apoptosis in tumour
cells. The mechanism of the apoptotic mutation ofp53 and bcl-2 proteins is commonly associated with increased
resistance to apoptosis and, therein, to chemotherapy.

Objectives:
The current study was aimed to investigate A172 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells’sensitivity against chemotherapeutic
drugs, including cisplatin, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel with different doses. Moreover, it estimates resistance
of cancer cells by evaluating Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) expression and evaluate its correlation with the expression
profile proteins of the apoptosis regulating Bcl-2 family.

Methods:
Dose-dependent sensitivity to cisplatin, doxorubicin or paclitaxel was evaluated on spheroid cultured A172
and MDA-MB-231 cells lines, was measured by time-lapse microscopy over a 72h period. Expressions of two Nitric
Oxide (NO) synthases isoforms (iNOS, eNOS), anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2, phospho-Bcl-2, Mcl-1, and Bcl-xL) and proapoptotic
(BID, Bim, Bok, Bad, Puma, and Bax) were evaluated by Western blot. The effect of NO modulation on antiand
pro-apoptotic molecule expression was also studied using Western blot.

Result:
A172 cells show more resistance to chemotherapy drugs than MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, therefore, they need
higher doses for apoptosis. Resistance of gliomas might be returned to higher significant expression of endothelial
eNOS expression. It was clear that there is not a significant effect of NO modulation on the expression of pro- andantiapoptotic
proteins on both cell lines.

Conclusion:
The present work provides a putative mechanism for the acquisition of drug resistance in breast cancer
and glioma, which might be significant for clinical outcomes.
Investigation of Substitution Reactions Between Zinc(II) Complexes with Different Geometries and N-Bonding Nucleophiles
Authors: Soldatović Tanja , Selimović Enisa 
Published: June 2021

Aims:
The study aimed at investigating interactions between zinc(II) complexes with different
geometrical structures and relevant nitrogen donor nucleophiles at physiological pH.

Background:
Lack of clear distinction between the therapeutic and toxic doses of platinum drugs is
a major challenge for the design of novel non-platinum DNA and protein targeting metal-based anticancer
agents. The non-platinum antitumor complexes could be alternatives to platinum-based
drugs due to their better characteristics and different mechanisms of action.

Objective:
This study could provide more information regarding the design of future zinc-based anticancer
drugs, providing a better understanding of the mechanism of interactions between Zn(II) complexes
and nitrogen-donor nucleophiles (important from the medical point of view), and clarifying the
changes in geometrical structures of zinc(II) that are referred to structure-reactivity correlations.

Methods:
Mole-ratio method and UV-V is spectroscopic kinetic method have been used.

Results:
The results indicated additional coordination of chlorides in the first coordination sphere
with changes in coordination geometry and formation of the octahedral complex anion [ZnCl4(en)]2-
while the excess of chloride did not affect the square-pyramidal structure of [ZnCl2(terpy)]. The
substitutions of studied complexes and relevant nucleophiles proceeded in two consecutive reaction
steps that depended on the nucleophile concentration. Octahedral complex anion [ZnCl4(en)]2- forms
rapidly and all substitution processes of this complex species should be considered. We assume that
the first reaction step is accompanied by the dissociation of chloride ligands. Nucleophile 1,2,4-
triazoles have shown the highest affinity toward [ZnCl2(en)], and rates of both steps were almost of
the same value, indicating parallel reactions.

Conclusion:
The different order of reactivity of relevant N-donor ligands toward [ZnCl2(en)] and
[ZnCl2(terpy)] complexes for the first reaction step occurred because of the influence of different
geometrical structures of complexes, while low reaction rates for the second reactions of
[ZnCl2(en)] complex with imidazole and pyrazine were a consequence of interconversion between
octahedral and tetrahedral structure during substitution processes.