bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Child Psychological Adjustment to War and Displacement: A Discriminant Analysis of Resilience and Trauma in Syrian Refugee Children
Authors: Veronese Guido , Pepe Alessandro , Giordano Francesca 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe ongoing war in Syria has led to the displacement of 12 million people since 2011, with minors representing 40% of all refugees. Syrian children living in refugee camps are at risk of developing a wide range of mental health problems, given their previous and ongoing exposure to episodes of violence, disruption of family ties, and discontinuous access to education. In this study, we drew on the salutogenic paradigm to investigate whether, and to what extent, high/low levels of resilience were associated with other indicators of mental health and post-traumatic response in Syrian children living in refugee camps. The sample was composed of 311 Syrian children living in Jordanian refugee camps as a consequence of the war in Syria. We administered quantitative self-report measures to assess participants’ exposure to trauma, individual levels of resilience, and mental health, performing discriminant analysis to examine the association between resilience and trauma/mental health. Syrian children living in Jordanian refugee camps reported intense exposure to traumatic events. The linear discriminant equation supported adoption of the function [Wilk’s Lambda (Λ = 0.827)]: lower levels of resilience were associated with trauma symptoms (re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal) and emotional problems, while higher levels of resilience were associated with pro-social behaviours. The findings of the present study suggest that resilience acts as a protective factor buffering children from the consequences of trauma and challenging life conditions. We discuss the implications for interventions designed to promote the wellbeing and mental health of children living in refugee camps.
Identification of TIA1 mRNA targets during human neuronal development
Authors: Byres Loryn P. , Mufteev Marat , Yuki Kyoko E. , Wei Wei , Piekna Alina , Wilson Michael D. , Rodrigues Deivid C. , Ellis James 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Neuronal development is a tightly controlled process involving multi-layered regulatory mechanisms. While transcriptional pathways regulating neurodevelopment are well characterized, post-transcriptional programs are still poorly understood. TIA1 is an RNA-binding protein that can regulate splicing, stability, or translation of target mRNAs, and has been shown to play critical roles in stress response and neurodevelopment. However, the identity of mRNAs regulated by TIA1 during neurodevelopment under unstressed conditions is still unknown.

Methods and Results
To identify the mRNAs targeted by TIA1 during the first stages of human neurodevelopment, we performed RNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (RIP-seq) on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs), and cortical neurons under unstressed conditions. While there was no change in TIA1 protein levels, the number of TIA1 targeted mRNAs decreased from pluripotent cells to neurons. We identified 2400, 845, and 330 TIA1 mRNA targets in hESCs, NPC, and neurons, respectively. The vast majority of mRNA targets in hESC were genes associated with neurodevelopment and included autism spectrum disorder-risk genes that were not bound in neurons. Additionally, we found that most TIA1 mRNA targets have reduced ribosomal engagement levels.

Conclusion
Our results reveal TIA1 mRNA targets in hESCs and during human neurodevelopment, indicate that translation repression is a key process targeted by TIA1 binding and implicate TIA1 function in neuronal differentiation.
Non-accidental piety: reliable reasoning and modally robust adherence to the divine will
Authors: Auvinen Joona 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this article I formulate a skeptical argument against the possibility of adhering to the divine will in a non-accidental way. In particular, my focus in the article is on a widely embraced modal condition of accidentality, according to which non-accidentality has to do with a person manifesting dispositions that result in a given outcome in a modally robust way. The skeptical argument arises from two observations: first, various authors in the epistemology of religion have argued that it is often not possible to reason reliably about religious matters, and second, non-accidentally adhering to a given norm is often associated with reasoning about the requirements of the norm in question in a reliable way. In addition to pointing out the existence of the argument, I outline strategies in which religious thinkers could reasonably challenge it by denying that reliable reasoning about the requirements of divine will is necessary for adhering to it in a non-accidental manner. Hence, I argue that the possibility of non-accidental adherence to the divine will does not depend solely on whether it is possible to reliably reason about what it requires one to do.
A Binary Quantifier for Definite Descriptions for Cut Free Free Logics
Authors: Kürbis Nils 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper presents rules in sequent calculus for a binary quantifierIto formalise definite descriptions:Ix[F, G] means ‘TheFisG’. The rules are suitable to be added to a system of positive free logic. The paper extends the proof of a cut elimination theorem for this system by Indrzejczak by proving the cases for the rules ofI. There are also brief comparisons of the present approach to the more common one that formalises definite descriptions with a term forming operator. In the final section rules forIfor negative free and classical logic are also mentioned.
Alternative matrices in forensic toxicology: a critical review
Authors: de Campos Eduardo Geraldo , da Costa Bruno Ruiz Brandão , dos Santos Fabiana Spineti , Monedeiro Fernanda , Alves Marcela Nogueira Rabelo , Santos Junior Wilson José Ramos , De Martinis Bruno Spinosa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The use of alternative matrices in toxicological analyses has been on the rise in clinical and forensic settings. Specimens alternative to blood and urine are useful in providing additional information regarding drug exposure and analytical benefits. The goal of this paper is to present a critical review on the most recent literature regarding the application of six common alternative matrices, i.e., oral fluid, hair, sweat, meconium, breast milk and vitreous humor in forensic toxicology.

Methods
The recent literature have been searched and reviewed for the characteristics, advantages and limitations of oral fluid, hair, sweat, meconium, breast milk and vitreous humor and its applications in the analysis of traditional drugs of abuse and novel psychoactive substances (NPS).

Results
This paper outlines the properties of six biological matrices that have been used in forensic analyses, as alternatives to whole blood and urine specimens. Each of this matrix has benefits in regards to sampling, extraction, detection window, typical drug levels and other aspects. However, theses matrices have also limitations such as limited incorporation of drugs (according to physical–chemical properties), impossibility to correlate the concentrations for effects, low levels of xenobiotics and ultimately the need for more sensitive analysis. For more traditional drugs of abuse (e.g., cocaine and amphetamines), there are already data available on the detection in alternative matrices. However, data on the determination of emerging drugs such as the NPS in alternative biological matrices are more limited.

Conclusions
Alternative biological fluids are important specimens in forensic toxicology. These matrices have been increasingly reported over the years, and this dynamic will probably continue in the future, especially considering their inherent advantages and the possibility to be used when blood or urine are unavailable. However, one should be aware that these matrices have limitations and particular properties, and the findings obtained from the analysis of these specimens may vary according to the type of matrix. As a potential perspective in forensic toxicology, the topic of alternative matrices will be continuously explored, especially emphasizing NPS.
The Role of Movement Patterns in Epidemic Models on Complex Networks
Authors: Ruiz-Herrera Alfonso , Torres Pedro J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze the influence of the usual movement variables on the spread of an epidemic. Specifically, given two spatial topologies, we can deduce which topology produces less infected individuals. In particular, we determine the topology that minimizes the overall number of infected individuals. It is worth noting that we do not assume any of the common simplifying assumptions in network theory such as all the links have the same diffusion rate or the movement of the individuals is symmetric. Our main conclusion is that the degree of mobility of the population plays a critical role in the spread of a disease. Finally, we derive theoretical insights to management of epidemics.
Central Noradrenergic Neurotransmission and Weight Loss 6 Months After Gastric Bypass Surgery in Patients with Severe Obesity
Authors: Soeder J. Marvin , Luthardt Julia , Rullmann Michael , Becker Georg A. , Hankir Mohammed K. , Patt Marianne , Meyer Philipp M. , Schütz Tatjana , Ding Yu-Shin , Hilbert Anja , Dietrich Arne , Sabri Osama , Hesse Swen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is currently the most efficient treatment to achieve long-term weight loss in individuals with severe obesity. This is largely attributed to marked reductions in food intake mediated in part by changes in gut-brain communication. Here, we investigated for the first time whether weight loss after RYGB is associated with alterations in central noradrenaline (NA) neurotransmission.

Materials and Methods
We longitudinally studied 10 individuals with severe obesity (8 females; age 43.9 ± 13.1 years; body mass index (BMI) 46.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2) using (S,S)-[11C]O-methylreboxetine and positron emission tomography to estimate NA transporter (NAT) availability before and 6 months after surgery. NAT distribution volume ratios (DVR) were calculated by volume-of-interest analysis and the two-parameter multilinear reference tissue model (reference region: occipital cortex).

Results
The participants responded to RYGB surgery with a reduction in BMI of 12.0 ± 3.5 kg/m2 (p < 0.001) from baseline. This was paralleled by a significant reduction in DVR in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (pre-surgery 1.12 ± 0.04 vs. post-surgery 1.07 ± 0.04; p = 0.019) and a general tendency towards reduced DVR throughout the brain. Furthermore, we found a strong positive correlation between pre-surgery DVR in hypothalamus and the change in BMI (r = 0.78; p = 0.01).

Conclusion
Reductions in BMI after RYGB surgery are associated with NAT availability in brain regions responsible for decision-making and homeostasis. However, these results need further validation in larger cohorts, to assess whether brain NAT availability could prognosticate the outcome of RYGB on BMI.

Graphical abstract
Estimating Fat Components of Potato Chips Using Visible and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and a Compositional Calibration Model
Authors: Palarea-Albaladejo Javier , Cayuela-Sánchez José Antonio , Moriana-Correro Elena 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhen aiming to assess the fat composition of commercial potato chip products, their diversity and the difficulties to verify the nutritional label of batches of chips by official methods are main challenges. Thus, the possibility of using alternative technologies is of great interest for both the industry and the public administration. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a rapid and non-destructive technique that has been proven useful in different applications in the food industry. However, suitable specific treatments of compositional references with NIRS methods have been until now very scarce in the literature. The nutritional label information is commonly given as percentage content values across several nutritional categories. This formally corresponds with the class of so-called compositional data, for which there are specific statistical methods. This study contributes to ongoing research on the feasibility of Vis/NIR spectroscopy for food nutritional labelling. In particular, a calibration model is formulated to estimate the relative content of fat in potato chips products based on NIR spectral signal that integrates a consistent statistical treatment of the nutritional reference data. The method provides accurate estimates of the fat composition, with this including saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated types of fat, as well as their total fat percentage (cross-validated overall R2 = 0.88 and R2 = 0.82 from ground and fragmented samples respectively) and shows its potential for both nutritional labelling and verification in a rapid and inexpensive manner.
Context-aware recommender systems and cultural heritage: a survey
Authors: Casillo Mario , Colace Francesco , Conte Dajana , Lombardi Marco , Santaniello Domenico , Valentino Carmine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the Big Data era, every sector has adapted to technological development to service the vast amount of information available. In this way, each field has benefited from technological improvements over the years. The cultural and artistic field was no exception, and several studies contributed to the aim of the interaction between human beings and artistic-cultural heritage. In this scenario, systems able to analyze the current situation and recommend the right services play a crucial role. In particular, in the Recommender Systems field, Context-Awareness helps to improve the recommendations provided. This article aims to present a general overview of the introduction of Context analysis techniques in Recommender Systems and discuss some challenging applications to the Cultural Heritage field.
Nodal curves and polarizations with good properties
Authors: Brivio Sonia , Favale Filippo F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper we deal with polarizations on a nodal curve C with smooth components. Our aim is to study and characterize a class of polarizations, which we call “good”, for which depth one sheaves on C reflect some properties that hold for vector bundles on smooth curves. We will concentrate, in particular, on the relation between the $${{\underline{w}}}$$

w
̲

-stability of $${\mathcal {O}}_C$$

O
C

and the goodness of $${{\underline{w}}}$$

w
̲

. We prove that these two concepts agree when C is of compact type and we conjecture that the same should hold for all nodal curves.
Rock physics diagnostic of Eocene Sokor-1 reservoir in Termit subbasin, Niger
Authors: Hassane Amadou , Ehirim Chukwuemeka Ngozi , Dagogo Tamunonengiyeofori 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEocene Sokor-1 reservoir is intrinsically heterogeneous and characterized by low-contrast low-resistivity log responses in parts of the Termit subbasin. Discriminating lithology and fluid properties using petrophysics alone is complicated and undermines reservoir characterization. Petrophysics and rock physics were integrated through rock physics diagnostics (RPDs) modeling for detailed description of the reservoir microstructure and quality in the subbasin. Petrophysical evaluation shows that Sokor-1 sand_5 interval has good petrophysical properties across wells and prolific in hydrocarbons. RPD analysis revealed that this sand interval could be best described by the constant cement sand model in wells_2, _3, _5 and _9 and friable sand model in well_4. The matrix structure varied mostly from clean and well-sorted unconsolidated sands as well as consolidated and cemented sandstones to deteriorating and poorly sorted shaly sands and shales/mudstones. The rock physics template built based on the constant cement sand model for representative well_2 diagnosed hydrocarbon bearing sands with low Vp/Vs and medium-to-high impedance signatures. Brine shaly sands and shales/mudstones were diagnosed with moderate Vp/Vs and medium-to-high impedance and high Vp/Vs and medium impedance, respectively. These results reveal that hydrocarbon sands and brine shaly sands cannot be distinctively discriminated by the impedance property, since they exhibit similar impedance characteristics. However, hydrocarbon sands, brine shaly sands and shales/mudstones were completely discriminated by characteristic Vp/Vs property. These results demonstrate the robust application of rock physics diagnostic modeling in quantitative reservoir characterization and may be quite useful in undrilled locations in the subbasin and fields with similar geologic settings.
Metaphors as models: Towards a typology of metaphor in ancient science
Authors: Humar Marcel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMetaphors play a crucial role in the understanding of science. Since antiquity, metaphors have been used in technical texts to describe structures unknown or unnamed; besides establishing a terminology of science, metaphors are also important for the expression of concepts. However, a concise terminology to classify metaphors in the language of science has not been established yet. But in the context of studying the history of a science and its concepts, a precise typology of metaphors can be helpful. Metaphors have a lot in common with models in science, as has been observed already. In this paper, therefore, I suggest a typology of metaphor in ancient science to fill this terminological gap by using concepts applied to the classification of models in science, as coined by Rom Harré. I propose to differentiate between homeoconceptual metaphors (with the same conceptual frame between source and target) and paraconceptual metaphors (mapped via a different conceptual frame). Furthermore, functional and structural aspects of metaphors in ancient science are taken into account. Case studies from ancient texts displaying metaphors in ancient science are presented and classified following the outlined typology of metaphors.
Heat Transfer Coefficient Determination in a Gravity Die Casting Process with Local Air Gap Formation and Contact Pressure Using Experimental Evaluation and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Vossel T. , Wolff N. , Pustal B. , Bührig-Polaczek A. , Ahmadein M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAnticipating the processes and parameters involved for accomplishing a sound metal casting requires an in-depth understanding of the underlying behaviors characterizing a liquid melt solidifying inside its mold. Heat balance represents a major factor in describing the thermal conditions in a casting process and one of its main influences is the heat transfer between the casting and its surroundings. Local heat transfer coefficients describe how well heat can be transferred from one body or material to another. This paper will discuss the estimation of these coefficients in a gravity die casting process with local air gap formation and heat shrinkage induced contact pressure. Both an experimental evaluation and a numerical modeling for a solidification simulation will be performed as two means of investigating the local heat transfer coefficients and their local differences for regions with air gap formation or contact pressure when casting A356 (AlSi7Mg0.3).
Comparative study of diagnostic value between IVIM and DWI for prostate cancer at 3.0 T magnetic resonance
Authors: Wang Rui , Liu Weidong , Ren Fang , Ren Jing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective
To quantitatively compare the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of intra-voxel incoherent motion imaging (IVIM) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods
68 cases of prostate confirmed by pathology, including 33 cases of PCa and 35 cases of BPH were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were underwent T1WI, T2WI, DWI and IVIM sequences to obtain the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pure apparent diffusion coefficient (Pure-ADC/D), standard apparent diffusion coefficient (standard-ADC/Ds), fast apparent diffusion coefficient (fast-ADC/D*), fraction of fast apparent diffusion coefficient (f) values. All the multiple parameters were statistically analyzed for the differential diagnosis of BPH and PCa. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results
The differences in D, Ds, f and ADC values between BPH and PCa groups were statistically significant (all P values < 0.001), respectively. Among them, D value in the IVIM model had the highest diagnostic efficiency for PCa, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.967, and the AUC combined with the ADC value and D value reaches 0.973.

Conclusion
The diagnostic efficacy of multiple parameters in the IVIM model for PCa was higher than the ADC value of the quantitative parameter of DWI. D value had the highest diagnostic efficiency. The combined diagnosis of ADC and D value was more effective, more advantageous in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PCa.
Short term prediction of wireless traffic based on tensor decomposition and recurrent neural network
Authors: Deng Tao , Wan Mengxuan , Shi Kaiwen , Zhu Ling , Wang Xichen , Jiang Xuchu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a wireless network traffic prediction model based on Bayesian Gaussian tensor decomposition and recurrent neural network with rectified linear unit (BGCP-RNN-ReLU model), which can effectively predict the changes in the upstream and downstream network traffic in a short period of time in the future. The research is divided into two parts: (i) The missing observations are imputed by an algorithm based on Bayesian Gaussian tensor decomposition. (ii) The recurrent neural network is used to forecast the true observations only rather than both true and estimated observations. The results show that, compared with other combined models of missing data imputation and neural networks, the BGCP-RNN-ReLU model proposed in this paper has the smallest prediction error for both the upstream and downstream traffic. The new model achieves better forecasting precision, and thus can help to regulate the load of communication station to reduce resource consumption.

Highlights

The problem of forecasting wireless network traffic with missing values is divided in two stages to
handle.

A newly propose
d method can more efficiently impute missing values in wireless network traffic data.

Simple recurrent neural network obtains better prediction performance than other complex networks.
Fäkale Mikrobiota-Transplantation
Authors: Scharl Michael , Rogler Gerhard 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Mikrobiom oder die intestinale Mikrobiota ist in den letzten Jahren zunehmend ins wissenschaftliche wie öffentliche Interesse gerückt. Es ist Inhalt einer Vielzahl von Medienberichten und Publikationen. Insbesondere die Rolle des Mikrobioms in der Entstehung verschiedenster Erkrankungen sowie die Möglichkeiten, die intestinale Mikrobiota in ihrer Zusammensetzung in therapeutischer Absicht zu beeinflussen, ist von grossem Interesse. Hier rückte in den letzten Jahren zunehmend die fäkale Mikrobiota-Transplantation (FMT) in den Fokus, in deren Rahmen der Spenderstuhl einem anderen Patienten verabreicht wird. Die FMT ist inzwischen die Therapie der Wahl für die Behandlung der rezidivierenden C.-difficile-Kolitis. Einmalig via Koloskopie verabreicht, stellt sie eine sichere und hocheffiziente Therapieform dar. Da das Mikrobiom auch mit zahlreichen anderen Erkrankungen assoziiert ist, wird die FMT auch zur Therapie verschiedenster anderer gastroenterologischer, chronisch-entzündlicher, metabolischer, maligner oder neuropsychiatrischer Erkrankungen erwogen. Hier ist die Datenlage allerdings noch dünn und weitere Forschung ist dringend nötig.