bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orphan Receptor GPR50 Improves Inflammation and Insulin Signaling in 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte
Authors: Yao Zhenyu , Liu Chang , Meng Jun , Long Jing , Li Long , Qiu Weicong , Li Cairong , Zhang Jian V. , Ren Pei-Gen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor 50 (GPR50) receptor on inflammation and insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte.Subjects and Methods: A high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity-T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) mouse model was used in this research, and high expression of GPR50 in mouse adipose tissue was screened by microarray technology. Expression of GPR50 in 3T3-L1 cell line and obesity-T2DM mouse adipose tissue was confirmed. To gain more insight into the potential role of this new target in obesity-associated IR development, a GPR50 knockout cell line was constructed in 3T3-L1 cell line. Inflammatory cytokine levels and insulin signaling pathways in the GPR50 knockout 3T3-L1 cell line were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blot.Results: GPR50 expression was significantly increased in adipose tissue of obesity-T2DM mice. GPR50 deficiency increased inflammation in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, GPR50 deficiency induced the phosphorylation of AKT and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)1. Furthermore, GPR50 knockout 3T3-L1 cell line had suppressed PPAR-γ expression.Conclusions: These data demonstrated a novel target GPR50 can affect inflammation and insulin signaling in adipocytes. Furthermore, the effects are mediated through the regulation of insulin signaling and PPAR-γ expression.
A self-adaptive level-based learning artificial bee colony algorithm for feature selection on high-dimensional classification
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Yuanzi , Hong Minglin , He Haiyang , Huang Shiguo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Feature selection is an important data preprocessing method in data mining and machine learning, yet it faces the challenge of “curse of dimensionality” when dealing with high-dimensional data. In this paper, a self-adaptive level-based learning artificial bee colony (SLLABC) algorithm is proposed for high-dimensional feature selection problem. The SLLABC algorithm includes three new mechanisms: (1) A novel level-based learning mechanism is introduced to accelerate the convergence of the basic artificial bee colony algorithm, which divides the population into several levels and the individuals on each level learn from the individuals on higher levels, especially, the individuals on the highest level learn from each other. (2) A self-adaptive method is proposed to keep the balance between exploration and exploitation abilities, which takes the diversity of population into account to determine the number of levels. The lower the diversity is, the fewer the levels are divided. (3) A new update mechanism is proposed to reduce the number of selected features. In this mechanism, if the error rate of an offspring is higher than or is equal to that of its parent but selects more features, then the offspring is discarded and the parent is retained, otherwise, the offspring replaces its parent. Further, we discuss and analyze the contribution of these novelties to the diversity of population and the performance of classification. Finally, the results, compared with 8 state-of-the-art algorithms on 12 high-dimensional datasets, confirm the competitive performance of the proposed SLLABC on both classification accuracy and the size of the feature subset.
The Story of the Tulip That Went Wild: Tracing the History of Introduction of Tulipa Sylvestris in Sixteenth-Century Europe
Authors: Stefanaki Anastasia , Walter Tilmann , Andel Tinde van 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Tulipa sylvestris, commonly called the “wild tulip”, was introduced from the Mediterranean to northern Europe in the sixteenth century and became widely naturalized. Research has focused on tulips that came from the Orient, but the introduction path of this native European, early ornamental tulip is unclear, and so is its taxonomic status: three subspecies are provisionally accepted, sometimes treated as species. Here we elucidate the history of introduction of T. sylvestris and discuss its taxonomy based on our historical findings. The first bulbs came from Bologna (northern Italy) and Montpellier (southern France) in the 1550s-1570s. Several renown botanists were involved in their introduction, namely Gessner, Wieland, Aldrovandi, De Lobel, Clusius, and Dodoens. There were various introduction routes, including one from Spain which was apparently unsuccessful. The strong sixteenth-century Flemish botanical network facilitated the introduction and naturalization of T. sylvestris across Europe. Based on the latest tulip taxonomy, the diploid subspecies australis is native in the Mediterranean, and the tetraploid sylvestris is naturalized over Europe, but our historical findings show that both sylvestris and australis were introduced. This underlines the need to reconsider the taxonomic status of T. sylvestris, highlighting the importance of botanical history in understanding the complex taxonomy of naturalized cultivated plants.
Comparative Assessment of Organic and Inorganic Tea Leaf Extract Feeding on Anxiety Behaviour Status of Colchicine Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Bagchi Ananya , Swain Dillip Kumar , Mitra Analava 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis) having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and free radical scavenging properties, may be beneficial to prevent the symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this present study, field experiments using the productive tea clone (TV25) with four nutrient management treatments were conducted during 2015 to 2017 in the research farm of Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. The four nutrient management treatments were no application of fertilizer (control), organic fertilizer (OF), inorganic fertilizer (IF), and integration of OF and IF (IF+OF). The total phenolic content of tea leaves in terms of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) in control, OF, IF, IF+OF were 263±2.4 mg/g, 292±1.6mg/g, 203±2.43 mg/g ,288.6±2.11 mg/g, respectively. Tea leaf samples of these treatments were fed to the intracerebroventricular (ICV) colchicine administered rats. The animal study was double-blinded and randomized. Assessment of anxiety status was done for the rat model in an elevated open field with a novel object in two intervals (14-day and 21-day study). Anxiolytic behaviour with the lower corticosterone (CORT) level (82ng/ml) was observed in ICV colchicine administered rat models of AD. After feeding of organically and inorganically grown tea extract (20 mg/kg) for 14 days and 21days, it was found that the anxiolytic behaviour decreased with the increased concentration of serum CORT. However, organic tea showed greater increase in CORT level (216.1 ng/ml) as compared to inorganic tea (214 ng/ml). Thus, this study showed organic tea may act as a favourable agent or adjuvant in the improvement of the anxiolytic behaviour in rat model of AD.
The Microbiota of a Mite Prey-predator System on Different Host Plants Are Characterized by Functional Redundancy and Dysbiosis
Authors: Merlin Bruna Laís , Moraes Gilberto J , Cônsoli Fernando L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Microbiota have diverse roles in the life cycles of their hosts, affecting their growth, development, behavior, and reproduction. Changes in physiological conditions of the host can also impact the assemblage of host-associated microorganisms. However, little is known of the effects of host plant–prey–predatory mite interactions on mite microbiota. We compared the microbial communities of eggs and adult females of the two˗spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) and of adult females of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on four different host plants (cotton, maize, pinto bean, and tomato) by metabarcoding sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rRNA), using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Only the egg microbiota of T. urticae was affected by the host plant. The microbiota of the predatory mite N. californicus was very different from that of its prey, and the predator microbiota was unaffected by the different host plant–prey systems tested. Only the microbiota of the eggs of T. urticae carried Serratia as a high fidelity-biomarker. Biomarker bacteria were also detected in the microbiota of adult females of T. urticae and N. californicus, with different biomarkers in each host-plant species. The microbiota associated with eggs and adult females of T. urticae and adult females of N. californicus differed in their potential contributions to the host mite.
Rhizophora Mucronata Lam. (Mangrove) Bark Extract Prevents Ethanol-induced Liver Injury, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Jairaman Chitra , Matou-Nasri Sabine , Alehaideb Zeyad I , Yacoob Syed Ali Mohamed , Venkataraman Anuradha , Sivanesan Senthil Kumar , Vijayaraghavan Rajagopalan , Nagarajan Yogananth , Gnanadesigan Murugaesan , Packiasamy Ruban , Pari Shree Mukilan , Ramesh Saranya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The bark extract of Rhizophora mucronata (BERM) was recently reported for its prominent in vitro protective effects against liver cell line toxicity caused by various toxicants, including ethanol. Here, we aimed to verify the in vivo hepatoprotective effects of BERM against ethanol intoxication. An oral administration of different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of BERM prior to high-dose ethanol via intraperitoneal injection was performed in mice. On the 7th day, liver and kidney sections were dissected out for histopathological examination. The ethanol intoxication caused large areas of liver necrosis while the kidneys were not affected. Pre-BERM administration decreased ethanol-induced liver injury, as compared to the mice treated with ethanol alone. In addition, the pre-BERM administration resulted in a decrement in the level of ethanol-induced oxidative stress, revealed by a concomitant increase of GSH and a decrease of MDA hepatic levels. The BERM extract also reversed the ethanol-induced liver injury and hepatotoxicity, characterized by the low detection of TNF-α gene expression level and fragmented DNA, respectively. Altogether, BERM extract exerts antioxidative activities and present promising hepatoprotective effects against ethanol intoxication. The identification of the related bioactive compounds will be of interest for future use at physiological concentrations in ethanol-intoxicated individuals.
Tobacco consumption has interaction effect with protein coding genes to increase esophageal squamous cell Carcinoma risk: A case-control study in Chinese high-incidence region
Authors: Zhao Renjia , Yuan Huangbo , Liu Zhenqiu , Li Xiaoxiao , Chen Huiyao , Yang Xiaorong , Ye Weimin , Lu Ming , Jin Li , Zhang Tiejun , Chen Xingdong , Suo Chen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has reported that smoking was a major risk factor. Genetic predisposition can partially explain the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer in alcohol drinkers. It would also be interesting to investigate the genetic basis underlying the significant disparities in ESCC risk in populations exposed to the same level of smoking. Methods: We recruited 1030 ESCC patients and 1783 healthy individuals in Taixing, China, and selected 101 ESCC-related SNPs for analysis. Logistic regression model was employed with an interaction term for smoking and individual SNPs. The level of smoking was categorized based on pack-years as never smokers, moderate smokers (≤30), and heavy smokers (>30). The relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) and the synergy index (S) were used to evaluate interaction on an additive scale. Genetic risk score was established to quantify gene risk. Results: The SNP HECTD4 rs11066280, CASP8 rs3769823 and ADH1B rs1042026 had an interaction effect with smoking on ESCC risk. Specifically, for rs11066280 T/A, the adjusted OR for moderate and heavy smokers was 1.43 (95% CI = 1.01-2.02) and 1.80 (95% CI = 1.28–2.53), ADH1B rs1042026 showed strong effect in both smoker and alcohol drinkers. GRS indicated that these three SNPs had unsignificant effect in non-smokers and a 2.92-fold risk (95%CI = 1.69-5.11) in smokers.Discussion and Conclusion: In this study, we provide new insights for disease prevention and control of ESCC based on smoking behavior and genetic predisposition.
Can Media Campaigns Empower Women Facing Gender-Based Violence amid COVID-19?
Authors: Christia Fotini , Larreguy Horacio , Muhab Norhan , Parker-Magyar Elizabeth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Women's exposure to gender-based and intimate partner violence (GBV and IPV) is particularly acute due to COVID-19, especially in the Global South. We test whether edutainment interventions that have been shown to successfully combat GBV and IPV when delivered in person can be effectively delivered using social (WhatsApp and Facebook) and traditional (TV) media. To do so, we randomized the mode of implementation of an intervention conducted by an Egyptian women’s rights non-governmental organization seeking to support women while accommodating social distancing amid COVID-19. We found WhatsApp to be a more effective way to deliver the intervention than Facebook, but no differences across outcomes between WhatsApp and TV dissemination. Our findings show that these media campaigns had no impact on women's attitudes toward gender or marital equality, or the justifiability of violence. However, the campaign did increase women's knowledge, hypothetical, and reported use of resources available to those exposed to GBV and IPV.
A proteomic atlas of ligand-receptor interactions at the ovine maternal-fetal interface reveals the role of histone lactylation in uterine remodeling
Authors: Yang Qianying , Liu Juan , Wang Yue , Zhao Wei , Wang Wenjing , Cui Jian , Yang Jiajun , Yue Yuan , Zhang Shuai , Chu Meiqiang , Lyu Qingji , Ma Lizhu , Tang Yawen , Hu Yupei , Miao Kai , Zhao Haichao , Tian Jianhui , An Lei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Well-orchestrated maternal-fetal crosstalk occurs via secreted ligands, interacting receptors, and coupled intracellular pathways between the conceptus and endometrium, and is essential for successful embryo implantation. However, previous studies mostly focus on either the conceptus or the endometrium in isolation. The lack of integrated analysis impedes our understanding of early maternal-fetal crosstalk. Herein, focusing on ligand–receptor complexes and coupled pathways at the maternal-fetal interface in sheep, we provide the first comprehensive proteomic map of ligand-receptor pathway cascades essential for embryo implantation. We demonstrate that these cascades are associated with cell adhesion and invasion, redox homeostasis, and the immune response. Candidate interactions and their physiological roles were further validated by functional experiments. We reveal the physical interaction of albumin and claudin 4 and their roles in facilitating embryo attachment to endometrium. We also demonstrate a novel function of enhanced conceptus glycolysis in remodeling uterine receptivity by inducing endometrial histone lactylation, a newly identified histone modification. Results from in vitro and in vivo models supported the essential role of lactate in inducing endometrial H3K18 lactylation and in regulating redox homeostasis and apoptotic balance to ensure successful implantation. By reconstructing a map of potential ligand-receptor pathway cascades at the maternal-fetal interface, our study presents new concepts for understanding molecular and cellular mechanisms that fine-tune conceptus-endometrium crosstalk during implantation. This provides more direct and accurate insights for developing potential clinical intervention strategies to improve pregnancy outcomes following both natural and assisted conception.
Geo-Environmental and Geotechnical Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste from the Selective Collection in São Paulo City, Brazil
Authors: Mondelli Giulliana , Juarez Mariana Barbosa , Jacinto Christiane , de Oliveira Márcio Adilson , de Coelho Lúcia Helena Gomes , Biancardi Cinthia Bergamo , Faria José Leonardo de Castro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the characterization of municipal solid waste (MSW) randomly collected from two Material Recovery Facilities in São Paulo city, before (input - recyclables) and after (output - rejects) the sorting processes. Geo-environmental and geotechnical tests were performed on shredded samples and a digestion method was applied to detect the metals As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations using ICP OES. The objective was to assist future activities of integrated solid waste management and soil pollution. Results showed different particle sizes comparing the input (44.6%) and the output MSW (75.1%) passing through the 100 mm sieve. Organic matter and ash contents indicated the influence of inorganic carbon due to plastics' presence, with values varying between 6-13%. The pH values obtained were neutral and the electrical conductivity of the MSW rejects suggested a higher amount of ions, with values above 1000 µS/cm. Metals analyses show that Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn are present in high concentrations, depending on the types of the materials. Standard Proctor compaction curves yielded maximum dry unit weight varying from 6.6 kN/m³ to 10.0 kN/m³ and optimum moisture contents from 20–42%. Cohesion ranged from 1.3 kPa to 31.3 kPa and friction angle from 3.2° and 42.9°. The results are comparable with those obtained for other countries using different MSW treatments and contribute to the data basis for MSW from the selective collection, aiming the integrated solid waste management, serving for other countries that adopt MSW sorting and recycling.
Correlating the patterns of Diabetic macular edema, Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarkers and Grade of Diabetic Retinopathy With Stage of Renal Disease
Authors: Agarwal Manisha , Sachdeva Mani , Shah Shalin , Raman Rajiv , Rani Padmaja Kumari , Rajalakshmi Ramachandran , Sivaprasad Sobha , Vignesh T.P. , Ramasamy Kim , Madharia Aishwarya , Sen Alok , Sugumar Shalini , Behera Umesh Chandra , Rodrigues Ann Maria , Anantharaman Giridhar , Priya Swathi , Majumdar Atanu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo correlate Optical coherence tomography (OCT) based morphological patterns of diabetic macular edema (DME), prognostic biomarkers and grade of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with various stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) secondary to diabetes. DesignMulticentric retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at seven centres across India.MethodsData from medical records of patients with DME and CKD was entered in a common excel sheet across all seven centers. Staging of CKD was based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). ResultsThe most common morphological pattern of DME was cystoid pattern (42%) followed by the mixed pattern (31%). The proportion of different morphological patterns did not significantly vary across various CKD stages (p=0.836). Presence of external limiting membrane-ellipsoid zone (ELM-EZ) defects (p<0.001) and foveal sub-field thickness (p=0.024) showed a direct correlation with the stage of CKD which was statistically significant. Presence of hyper reflective dots (HRD) and disorganization of inner retinal layers (DRIL) showed no significant correlation with the stage of CKD. Sight threatening DR was found to increase from 70% in CKD stage-3 to 82% in stage-4 and 5 of CKD and this was statistically significant (p=0.03).ConclusionsCystoid morphological pattern followed by mixed type was the most common pattern of DME on OCT found in patients suffering from stage 3 to 5 of CKD. However, the morphological patterns of DME did not significantly vary across various CKD stages. ELM-EZ defects may be considered as an important OCT biomarker for advanced stage of CKD.
Effects of Orthoptic Therapy in Children with Intermittent Exotropia After Surgery: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Xu Meiping , Zheng Fuhao , Peng Tingting , Wang Chunxiao , Lou Jiangtao , Yu Huanyun , Wang Yuwen , Yu Xinping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Intermittent exotropia (IXT) is the most common type of exotropia in China. Surgery is usually required to align the eye deviation to maintain or obtain better binocular visual function. However, there is a high rate of exodrift or recurrence in surgically treated patients. Orthoptic therapy is sometimes recommended for IXT patients after surgery. However, there is a lack of high-quality randomized controlled trials to prove that orthoptic therapy could be an effective supplement to surgical treatment for IXT patients. This study was designed to confirm such an application. This report describes the design and methodology of the Intermittent Exotropia Post-operative Treatment Clinical Trial, which is the first large-sample, blank-controlled, randomized clinical trial.
Methods
A total of 136 IXT patients (aged 7 to 17 years) will be enrolled and assigned to the orthoptic therapy group or blank control group according to a simple randomization scheme. Patients in the orthoptic therapy group will receive at least 2 months of orthoptic therapy, such as anti-suppression, vergence, and accommodation training. Patients in the blank control group will receive only refractive correction. All enrolled patients will need regular follow-up observation until 2 years after surgery. The primary outcome will be the proportion of participants meeting suboptimal surgical outcomes in this 2-year follow-up, which is defined as (1) exodeviation of 10 prism diopters (PD) at distance or near using the simultaneous prism and cover test (SPCT) or (2) loss of 2 or more octaves of stereoacuity from baseline, at any masked follow-up visit examination. The secondary outcomes will be the exodeviation at distance and near using the simultaneous prism and alternate cover test (PACT), magnitude of fusional convergence, stereoacuity, and accommodation. Measurements will be taken at baseline and at the 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month follow-ups.
Discussion
To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first prospective, randomized controlled study of binocular training in IXT patients after surgery. The aim of this work is to confirm the efficacy of orthoptic therapy in reducing the proportion of recurrence among IXT patients after surgery and improving binocular vision function.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900026891. Registered on 25 October 2019.