bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Cost of Fraud Prediction Errors
Authors: Beneish Messod D. , Vorst Patrick 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
We compare seven fraud prediction models with a cost-based measure that nets the benefits of correctly anticipating instances of fraud against the costs borne by incorrectly flagging non-fraud firms. We find that even the best models trade off false to true positives at rates exceeding 100:1. Indeed, the high number of false positives makes all seven models considered too costly for auditors to implement, even in subsamples where misreporting is more likely. For investors, M-Score and, at higher cut-offs, the F-Score, are the only models providing a net benefit. For regulators, several models are economically viable as false positive costs are limited by the number of investigations regulators can initiate, and by the relatively low market value loss a “falsely accused” firm would bear in denials of requests under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Our results are similar whether we consider fraud or two alternative restatement samples.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: G31; G32; G34; M40.
The impact of desflurane and sevoflurane on the intraoperative and early postoperative period in liver transplantation
Authors: Zhuravel S. V. , Kuznetsova N. K. , Aleksandrova V. E. , Goncharova I. I. 
Published: December 2021

Background. A pressing issue is the choice of an anesthetic agent for liver transplantation. The mechanism of the organprotective properties of desflurane and sevoflurane is not fully understood. It is important to understand the effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on the severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver graftAim. To study the effect of desflurane and sevoflurane on the intraoperative and early postoperative period in liver transplantation.Material and methods. The study included 47 patients with liver cirrhosis of various etiologies who underwent cadaveric liver transplantation between February and December 2020. The groups compared in the study included 24 patients who received desflurane and 23 patients who received sevoflurane.Results. There were no statistically significant differences in the effect of desflurane and sevoflurane on hemodynamic parameters, on the need for vasopressor drugs. Episodes of bradycardia and cardiac arrhythmias were significantly more frequent when using sevoflurane. Patients were extubated significantly faster after surgery in the desflurane group. In the early postoperative period, desflurane and sevoflurane did not adversely affect significantly the liver graft function and the degree of its ischemia-reperfusion injury. The groups appeared comparable in rates of using the renal replacement therapy, the incidence of the graft dysfunction development in the postoperative period, and the surgery outcomes.Conclusions. The use of modern inhalation anesthetics desflurane and sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia during liver transplantation does not adversely affect the course of the intraoperative and early postoperative period.
Chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for acute stroke
Authors: Rzhevskaya O. N. , Moiseeva A. Y. , Esaulenko A. N. , Pinchuk A. V. , Alidzhanova Kh. G. 
Published: December 2021

One of the most relevant issues of nephrology, neurology, and cardiology is the management and treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease and stroke. Patients with chronic kidney disease have a risk of both thrombotic complications and bleeding, and they have a high risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Chronic kidney disease significantly worsens the outcome of stroke by limiting the treatment due to reduced drug clearance and side effects. Hemodialysis which causes drastic hemodynamic and biochemical changes leads to the "stress" of the cerebral vascular system, increasing the risk of stroke; kidney transplantation reduces the risk of stroke due to functional recovery. Chronic kidney disease and stroke have significant socio-economic consequences. Patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease, as a rule, are not included in clinical trials; and stroke treatment tactics have not been developed for them. This review examines the interaction between kidneys and brain, the pathophysiology and epidemiology of stroke in all stages of chronic kidney disease, after kidney transplantation and discusses the management and treatment of chronic kidney disease patients with stroke.The investigation of the factors responsible for the high prevalence of brain lesions in chronic kidney disease will allow developing new treatment methods.
Socio-Environmental Vulnerability of Water in the Estuary of the Metropolitan Region of Santos (Brazil)
Authors: Martins Fernando L.C. , Giordano Fabio , Barrella Walter 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Santos and São Vicente Estuarine Complex (SSEC) is a densely populated coastal area that houses the main port in Latin America and the most prominent Brazilian industrial complex. Irregular occupations in preservation areas result in a disorderly increase in population, with negative social and environmental impacts. We evaluated the average annual growth of 74 slums occurring in this area and variations in water quality from 2005 to 2018. We monitor the growth of the occupied areas and estimate their respective populations. The average annual population growth was over 6% per year (p.a.). Invasions of new areas and verticalisation of already occupied areas represent 85% of the growth seen. The monthly polluting loads exceeded 450 tonnes or 2,086,000 m3, compromising the waters and local and regional public health. We strongly recommend re-urbanising the area using the resource savings caused by water loss to reduce the risks of ecosystem degradation, damage to health and disease spread.
Systemic lupus erythematosus and immunodeficiency
Authors: Chan Shirley Chiu Wai , Lau Chak Sing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease caused by a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Recent advances in genetic analysis coupled with better understanding of different immune regulatory and signaling pathways have revealed the complex relationship between autoimmunity, including SLE, and immunodeficiency. Furthermore, the expanding therapeutic armamentarium has led to the increasing awareness of secondary immunodeficiency in these patients. This article serves to update the current understanding of SLE and immunodeficiency by discussing the shared genetic factors and immunobiology. We also summarize the effects of immunosuppressive therapies with a focus on secondary antibody deficiency (SAD) after B-cell targeted therapies.
CD8+ T regulatory cells in lupus
Authors: Singh Ram P. , Bischoff David S. , Hahn Bevra H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
T regulatory cells (Tregs) have a key role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and the regulation of immune tolerance by preventing the inflammation and suppressing the autoimmune responses. Numerical and functional deficits of these cells have been reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and mouse models of SLE, where their imbalance and dysregulated activities have been reported to significantly influence the disease pathogenesis, progression and outcomes. Most studies in SLE have focused on CD4+ Tregs and it has become clear that a critical role in the control of immune tolerance after the breakdown of self-tolerance is provided by CD8+ Tregs. Here we review the role, cellular and molecular phenotypes, and mechanisms of action of CD8+ Tregs in SLE, including ways to induce these cells for immunotherapeutic modulation in SLE.
Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of IL-2 to T follicular helper cells protects BDF1 mice from lupus-like disease
Authors: Ferretti Concetta , Horwitz David A. , Bickerton Sean , La Cava Antonio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We recently reported that poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with interleukin (IL)-2 and targeted to T cells inhibited the development of lupus-like disease in BDF1 mice by inducing functional T regulatory cells (Tregs). Here we show that the protection from disease and the extended survival of BDF1 mice provided by IL-2-loaded NPs targeted to T cells is not only due to an induction of Tregs but also contributed by an inhibition of T follicular helper (TFH) cells. These results identify a dual protective activity of IL-2 in the control of lupus autoimmunity, namely the inhibition of effector TFH cells, in addition to the previously known induction of Tregs. This newly recognized activity of IL-2 delivered by NPs can help better explain the beneficial effects of low-dose IL-2 immunotherapy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and might be considered as a new strategy to slow disease progression and improve outcomes in lupus patients.
Analisis User Experience Aplikasi Bujang Kurir Menggunakan Google Analytics(GA)
Authors: Irwansyah M.Azhar , Novriando Haried , Apriandi Rendi 
Published: December 2021

User experience menjadi satu faktor penting ketika pengguna menggunakan suatu teknologi. Menurut studi yang dilakukan oleh Oracle terhadap 1.342 senior eksekutif Amerika Utara, Eropa, Asia Pasifik dan Amerika latin, 97% responden menyetujui bahwa user experience adalah hal yang kruasial bagi profitabilitas perusahaan yang gagal memberikan user experience yang prima hingga 20% dan 89% mengatakan bahwa user experience yang buruk membuat konsumen beralih ke kompetitor. Salah satu tool yang bisa digunakan membantu menganalisis prilaku konsumen adalah Google Analytics. Dengan menggunakan Google Analytics dapat membantu untuk mengembangkan perancangan desain user experience khususnya “Aplikasi Bujang Kurir”. Aplikasi Bujang Kurir adalah sebuah aplikasi mobile pesan-antar pribadi (Personal Delivery Order Service) yang beroperasi di Kota Pontianak dan sekitarnya. Hasil desain diuji menggunakan User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ), dan mendapat nilai sebagai berikut : Daya Tarik 1.52, Kejelasan 1.57, Efisiensi 1.54, Ketepatan 1.18, Stimulasi 1.36, dan Kebaruan 0.95. Dengan hasil uji UEQ Aplikasi Bujang Kurir tersebut, maka perancangan desain User Experience sudah layak untuk diterapkan ke dalam aplikasi. Dan Pengujian reliabilitas UEQ dengan menggunakan Cronbach Alfha seluruh aspek lebih dari 0,60 yang berarti UEQ Reliebel atau Konsisten.
Model berbasis Sistem Kecerdasan Buatan yang Efektif: Analisis Kebijakan bagi Siswa Mengulang
Authors: Prasetia Indra , Siregar Muhammad Noor Hasan , Saragih Rusmin 
Published: December 2021

Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar (SD) sangat penting dalam memberikan keterampilan dasar yang dibutuhkan siswa untuk bertahan dalam mengikuti dan memahami kelas-kelas pada jenjang di atasnya sehingga jika pondasi pendidikan SD kuat maka dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah membuat model arsitektur terbaik yang akan digunakan untuk melakukan peramalan pada jumlah siswa mengulang berdasarkan provinsi pada jenjnag Sekolah Dasar baik negeri dan swasta dengan model berbasis sistem kecerdasan buatan. Sumber data berasal dari data statistik pendidikan dengan url: http://statistik.data.kemdikbud.go.id/. Data terdiri dari 34 provinsi untuk tahun ajaran 2017/2017; 2017/2018; 2018/2019; 2019/2020. Metode solusi yang digunakan adalah back-propagation yang merupakan bagian dari sistem kecerdasan buatan dimana dalam menentukan model arsitektur terbaik dilakukan dengan menguji serangkaian arsitektur (2-5-1; 2-10-1; 2-15-1 dan 2-20-1) mengunakan fungsi aktivasi sigmoid dan parameter pendukung seperti performFcn = MSE; goal = 0.001; epochs = 10000; mc = 0.95 dan lr = 0.1. Hasil menunjukkan back-propagation dapat diterapkan untuk melakukan peramalan dengan sistem kecerdasan buatan dengan menghasilkan sebuah model arsitektur terbaik yakni 2-10-1 dengan MSE pelatihan adalah 0.00099299, koefisien korelasi (R) pelatihan adalah 0.976972 pada epoch 81, MSE pengujian adalah 0.001325, koefisien korelasi (R) pengujian dengan akurasi 85%. Fakta baru menyebutkan bahwa akurasi sangat tergantung terhadap banyaknya data. Selain harus memperhatikan MSE, epoch dan durasi waktu pelatihan. Diharapkan model arsitektur ini dapat membantu melakukan peramalan terhadap jumlah siswa mengulang pada jenjang Sekolah Dasar sehingga hasil dari peramalan dapat digunakan untuk membuat analisis kebijakan.
Analisis Efisiensi Usahatani Padi di Jawa dan Luar Jawa, Kajian Prospek Peningkatan Produksi Padi Nasional
Authors: Hilalullaily Rivani , Kusnadi Nunung , Rachmina Dwi 
Published: December 2021

Rice can grow in almost all of the islands in Indonesia, but 57 per cent of it was produced in Java, which is less than 10 per cent of the national area in Indonesia. To anticipate the increasing need for rice consumption, it is important to study the prospects for increasing national rice production, especially by utilizing the potential of agricultural land outside Java island. The purpose of this study was to identify the prospects for the development of national rice, especially outside Java island, from the perspective of rice production factors and technical efficiency at the farm level. Using stochastic frontier analysis, the translog production function showed that the increasing use of inputs (land, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides) will not significantly increase rice production both in Java and outside Java island (inelastic). Technical efficiency analysis indicated that rice production in Java and outside Java island was 28 and 39 per cent below its frontier, respectively. Further analysis showed that irrigation, land status, farmer groups, and farmer education were significantly improved technical efficiency. This study concluded that the potential to increase rice production by increasing technical efficiency outside of Java island was greater than in Java island. However, increasing the efficiency of rice production outside Java may be constrained by the availability of irrigated agricultural land. To significantly increase national rice production both in Java and outside Java island, a breakthrough in new rice production technology is needed.
Evaluation of two biological matrices for repairing of ventral hernia in bucks
Authors: Mahdi A. K. , H. F. AL-Bayati Ahmed 
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to estimate the changes in ventral hernia repairing in Iraqi bucks by using two biological matrixes derived from bovine (pericardium and urinary bladder matrix) through histopathological examination. All bucks right lower flank awas prepared surgically, sedation were done by using (2% Xylazine hydrochloride) at a dose of 0.2mg/kg intramuscular, and surgical site anesthetized through an inverted (L) shape local infiltration technique using lidocaine hydrochloride (2%) at a dose of 8mg/kg. Ventral abdominal hernias were induced in (24) bucks through elliptical resection of abdominal muscles to made hernia ring (6-8cm) with avoiding peritoneum perforation. After 30 days of operation bucks were divided into two equal groups. cellular Bovine pericardium group and cellular urinary bladder matrix group. In two groups hernias were treated with only replacement of acellular bovine pericardium and cellular urinary bladder matrix respectively which fixed with interrupted horizontal mattress 2cm far from hernia ring by Polypropylene (No.1) suture material. Histopathological biopsies were taken at 2nd, 8th and 16th week post treatment (4 bucks\ period). Both groups’ successes in reconstruction of large hernia in bucks through prevent recurrent or others post-operative complications. In addition the histopathological examination showed that the acellular urinary bladder matrix superior than acellular bovine pericardium matrix in enhance healing based on acellular urinary bladder matrix role in augment early initiation of inflammatory cells infiltration, fibroblast proliferation and marked collagen deposition, in addition to its early degradation, incorporation and remodeling.
Apollon Pythien chez Pindare
Authors: Le Meur Nadine 
Published: December 2021

Despite Pindar’s known close ties to the site of Delphi and its god, it is surprising to find only nine occurrences of the adjective Πύθιος in all of Pindar’s preserved work, and only one of the phrase Πύθιος ̓Απόλλων – in the Olympian odes moreover, and not in the Pythian, as one could have expected. This observation leads me to examine each of the uses of Πύθιος in Pindar, then to survey the other epithets with which the poet qualifies Apollo, before examining the situation of Olympian Zeus, Nemean Zeus and Isthmian Poseidon. I end with a quick review of Πύθιος in Bacchylides’ poems, in an attempt to determine more precisely Pindar’s possible originality regarding Pythian Apollo.
The Pocket Pindar
The Antinoupolis Codex and Pindar’s Readership in Graeco-Roman Egypt
Authors: de Kreij Mark 
Published: December 2021

The parchment codex published as P.Ant. II 76 and III 212 contains remains of Pindar’s Olympians 5 and 6 along with scanty traces of marginal notes. Further conservation and study allows us to now roughly reconstruct the format of the original manuscript, and new imaging techniques have revealed better readings of the marginalia. In this speculative article, I explore the Pindar codex’s form, content, and the particular context of Antinoupolis. In the process, I touch upon the question of Pindar’s popularity in Roman Egypt, book production in Antinoupolis, and the form and function of the early codex. Taking all available evidence into account, I propose that we might have a pocket codex of Pindar’s complete works – perhaps intended for casual reading.
La nueva frontera militar en la Cerdaña. Las defensas de Puigcerdà (1659-1683)
Authors: Espino López Antonio 
Published: December 2021

ESUMEN:
En el presente trabajo me intereso por el caso excepcional de las defensas de la plaza de Puigcerdà, que fueron entregadas demolidas en dos ocasiones por las tropas francesas, en 1659 y en 1678. Tras la Paz de los Pirineos de 1659, analizo la política hispana acerca de la necesidad de reorganizar la defensa de la nueva frontera militar catalana, en especial en la Cerdaña. Se constata cómo las dificultades económicas extremas fueron el principal problema a superar, lo que llevó a los miembros tanto del Consejo de Guerra como del Consejo de Estado, sin olvidar el parecer de los oficiales que servían en Cataluña, a buscar alternativas, la mayoría poco realistas, para evitar el enorme gasto de dinero que hubiera significado volver a edificar las defensas de Puigcerdà después de 1678.
Educación Sexual Integral e Infancia: cuestiones planteadas en estudios brasileños en el contexto del Caribe latino
Authors: Da Silva Claudionor Renato 
Published: December 2021

<p>La Educación Sexual Integral (ESI) no es un término recurrente en los estudios en el área de Educación Sexual en Brasil. En la motivación que da la propuesta RIIE, este estudio problematiza la ESI en Educación Infantil en territorio brasileño, tratando de comprender por qué la terminología / concepto / metodología (políticas, acciones educativas) no está presente en las producciones nacionales. Los argumentos que orientan las respuestas a la problematización se encuentran en el rescate histórico del extinto RCNEI, de la década de 1990, que puede considerarse una política de ESI. Como guía, la investigación postula que una de las formas de reflexión sobre la “problemática” de los estudios brasileños es pensar en los fundamentos de la Educación Integral como las primeras acciones en el contexto de América Latina y el Caribe (AL y Ca), sobre Educación Infantil. El estudio concluye con la defensa de un mayor diálogo / alianza de investigadores brasileños con investigadores de centros de investigación en LA y CA, que incluye la coordinación activa con movimientos sociales y partidos políticos, desde las ciudades brasileñas al ámbito estatal y federal en el sentido de formular políticas públicas en ESI en Educación Infantil.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
SAÚDE MENTAL E NÍVEL DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA DE RESIDENTES DE FISIOTERAPIA DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19.
Authors: Lessa Pires Lorrane Gabriela , Oliveira Mairla Rosa , De Abreu Luan Alves , Corrêa Krislainy De Sousa 
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Identificar sintomas de ansiedade, depressão e estresse e o nível de atividade física em residentes de fisioterapia de um hospital público de Goiás. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal descritivo realizado com residentes da área de urgência e emergência e terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário. Para avaliar sintomas de ansiedade, depressão e estresse utilizou-se a escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse (DASS-21), além de um questionário socioeconômico. Para avaliar o nível de atividade física dos residentes, foi utilizado o questionário internacional de atividade física -versão curta (IPAQ). As variáveis contínuas foram apresentadas como média e desvio padrão, enquanto as categóricas apresentadas em frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: Houve maior prevalência de sintomas de ansiedade, 80% dos residentes de fisioterapia apresentaram sintomas grave e extremamente grave; quanto aos sintomas estresse e depressão, 50% apresentaram predomínio de gravidade leve; quanto ao nível de atividade física, metade dos residentes de fisioterapia são fisicamente inativos. Conclusão: O presente estudo apresentou maior prevalência de sintomas de ansiedade com maior frequência de sintomas de maior gravidade, além disso metade da amostra apresentou sintomas de estresse e depressão, além disso obteve um nível de atividade física insatisfatório.
SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT E QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM POLICIAIS MILITARES DE GOIÁS DAS RONDAS OSTENSIVAS TÁTICAS METROPOLITANAS (ROTAM)
Authors: Santos Cunha Gabriel Dos Reis , De Araújo Fernando Costa , De Oliveira Thais Machado , Alves Dalley Cesar , Filho Marco Antônio Basso , Silva Patrícia Leite Alvares 
Published: December 2021

A síndrome de Burnout (SB) é um distúrbio emocional com sintomas de estresse, exaustão extrema e esgotamento físico, sendo a principal causa da síndrome, o excesso de trabalho. O Burnout é comum em profissionais que atuam diariamente sob pressão constante, como policiais, médicos, enfermeiros, professores, jornalistas e fisioterapeutas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a presença da Síndrome de Burnout em policiais de ROTAM (Rondas Ostensivas Táticas Metropolitanas), avaliar o nível da qualidade de vida e associá-lo com a SB e o perfil sociodemográfico. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo com policiais que estão lotados no batalhão de ROTAM em Goiânia que envolve uma coleta sistemática de informações através do perfil sóciodemografico, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) e WHOQOL-bref. Os resultados do MBI mostraram que a maioria dos policiais participantes não apresentam sintomas significativos da SB. A pesquisa evidenciou que 81,3% dos policiais de ROTAM apresentam baixo risco de desenvolver a síndrome de burnout, 13,9% demonstram tendências e 4,8% é indicativo para SB. Verificou-se que a qualidade de vida dos policiais de ROTAM é considerada boa com escore de média final 77, com maior escore no domínio psicológico 80,28 e menor escore no domínio de meio ambiente 69,72.
Rufin z Akwilei, „O Grzegorzu Cudotwórcy” („De Gregorio Thaumaturgo”), czyli wyjątek z VII księgi jego łacińskiego przekładu „Historii kościelnej” Euzebiusza z Cezarei
Authors: Libowski Łukasz 
Published: December 2021

Poprzedzone wstepem i opatrzone komentarzami tłumaczenie dzieła "De Gregorio Thaumaturgo" Rufina z Akwilei, czyli wyjątku z VII księgi jego łacińskiego przekładu „Historii kościelnej” Euzebiusza z Cezarei.