bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between body composition and pulmonary function in healthy adolescents
Authors: Kapuš Ondřej , Fellnerová Ivana , Chaloupková Pavla , Martišová Karolína 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt has been long established that body composition affects pulmonary function but little attention has been given to assessing lung function in healthy adolescents and determining the influence of body composition on these variables.MethodsWe measured 399 boys (mean age 16.7 ± 1.2 years) and 46 girls (mean age 17.1 ± 1.2 years). We used multi‐frequency segmental bioimpedance analyzer Tanita MC 980‐MA Plus for body composition parameters and Micro Direct MicroGP Spirometer MS07 for spirometry parameters.ResultsMean body height was 179.5 cm and mean body mass index was 22.5 kg/m2 in boys. In girls, mean body height was 166.9 cm and body mass index was 22.5 kg/m2. After adjusting for age, body height, bodyweight, and smoking status, we found a significant (P = 0.01) association (β = 0.35–0.43) between forced vital capacity and fat‐free mass (FFM) or trunk fat‐free mass only in boys. Similarly, body fat mass (BFM) showed significant (P = 0.01) negative association (β = −0.29 to −0.20) with spirometry parameters only in boys. In girls, the results showed a similar trend but it was not significant.ConclusionsIn conclusion, FFM or trunk FFM is more closely related to lung capacity than BFM or trunk BFM after adjustment for confounding variables in healthy adolescent boys. Body height explained up to 23% variability of forced vital capacity and fat‐free mass explained up to 27% in a linear regression model.
Carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales in solid organ transplantation: Tip of the iceberg?
Authors: Molina Kyle C. , Bajrovic Valida , Bonomo Robert A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA liver transplant recipient developed a urinary tract infection with Citrobacter freundii complex and Klebsiella aerogenes, both producing dual carbapenemases (KPC‐3/NDM‐1). Whole‐genome sequencing suggested plasmid transfer between organisms. Silent plasmid transmission highlights emergent threats to infection prevention, with implications for screening and antimicrobial stewardship.
Priming‐induced alterations in histone modifications modulate transcriptional responses in soybean under salt stress
Authors: Yung Wai‐Shing , Wang Qianwen , Huang Mingkun , Wong Fuk‐Ling , Liu Ailin , Ng Ming‐Sin , Li Kwan‐Pok , Sze Ching‐Ching , Li Man‐Wah , Lam Hon‐Ming 
Published: December 2021

SUMMARYPlants that have experienced certain abiotic stress may gain tolerance to a similar stress in subsequent exposure. This phenomenon, called priming, was observed here in soybean (Glycine max) seedlings exposed to salt stress. Time‐course transcriptomic profiles revealed distinctively different transcriptional responses in the primed seedlings from those in the non‐primed seedlings under high salinity stress, indicating a stress response strategy of repressing unhelpful biotic stress responses and focusing on the promotion of those responses important for salt tolerance. To identify histone marks altered by the priming salinity treatment, a genome‐wide profiling of histone 3 lysine 4 dimethylation (H3K4me2), H3K4me3, and histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) was performed. Our integrative analyses revealed that priming induced drastic alterations in these histone marks, which coordinately modified the stress response, ion homeostasis, and cell wall modification. Furthermore, transcriptional network analyses unveiled epigenetically modified networks which mediate the strategic downregulation of defense responses. Altering the histone acetylation status using a chemical inhibitor could elicit the priming‐like transcriptional responses in non‐primed seedlings, confirming the importance of histone marks in forming the priming response.
Evaluation of solvent/detergent‐treated plasma safety and efficacy in orthotopic liver transplant and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura patients: A single center experience
Authors: McRae Hannah L. , Milito Chelsea , Klapheke Catherine A. , Refaai Majed A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundSolvent/detergent‐treated, pooled plasma (SDP) is approved for use in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) patients; however, studies evaluating safety and effectiveness of SDP in these populations are limited.MethodsThis prospective study included two cohorts: OLT patients (n = 40) who received either SDP (n = 20) or FFP (control group) (n = 20), and TTP patients (n = 20) who received either SDP (n = 10) or FFP (control group) (n = 10) throughout hospitalization. Medical, laboratory, and blood bank records were retroactively assessed for both cohorts for differences in clinical outcomes, laboratory values, and transfusion data from admission to discharge.ResultsIn the OLT cohort, significant changes in AST and ALP were observed in the control group as compared to SDP (p < .05 each), and creatinine levels improved significantly in the SDP group as compared to the control group (p < .05) from admission to discharge. In the TTP cohort, platelet counts were significantly improved within the control and SDP groups from admission to discharge, but there were no significant differences between groups (p = .31). LDH levels improved between admission and discharge for both groups (70% decrease in the control group, p < .001, and 80% decrease in the SDP group, p = .001). There were no significant differences detected in clinical outcomes in either cohort.ConclusionsAs evidenced by the lack of adverse events in either cohort and similar clinical outcomes, we conclude that SDP is comparable in safety and effectiveness to FFP in OLT and TTP patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential for improved safety with SDP.
Haec urbs est Thebae
Authors: Breunesse Merlijn 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper analyses the use of proximal deixis in Mercury’s prologue to Plautus’ Amphitruo. The study revolves around the referential ambiguity that characterizes proximal deictics such as here and this city, arguing that it contributes significantly to the blurred distinction between reality and fiction that is typical for Plautine theatre, and for his prologues in particular. The paper shows (1) that proximal deictics play a crucial role in Mercury’s creation of and transition into the fictional world; (2) that their unique referential features during audience address enable Mercury to transform the spectators’ surroundings in addition to his own; and (3) that their use underlines the similarity between Rome and fictional Thebes, which is subsequently connected to the Greek setting of Plautus’ plays and their performance during Roman festivals. Moreover, the paper claims that Mercury partly relies on proximal deixis for the inductive effect of his prologue.
Zulu Creation Myths by Credo Mutwa – Ancient Tradition or Mutwa’s Invention?
Authors: Podolecka Agnieszka 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa (1921–2020) was one the most famous and controversial sangomas in South Africa. He is the first sangoma who published books about sangomas’ vocation and work, and revealed his version of Zulu myths. This paper first establishes if Mutwa’s tales can be considered myths, then if those stories are cohesive with versions known to academics and contemporary sangomas. The aim of this article is to analyse the creation myths that Mutwa presents, establish if they are original Zulu myths or his creations, and find international mythological motifs that could have influenced him. Mutwa’s myths are compared with myths collected by other researchers. Mutwa’s opinions, gained during a 2013 field visit to his home in Kuruman, South Africa, are also presented. The field studies among contemporary sangomas were financed by the Polish National Science Centre (Narodowe Centrum Nauki), Poland, project no. 2017/25/N/HS1/02500.
QG–DL–Ekman: Dynamics of a Diabatic Layer in the Quasi-Geostrophic Framework
Authors: Klein Rupert , Schielicke Lisa , Pfahl Stephan , Khouider Boualem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractQuasigeostrophic (QG) theory describes the dynamics of synoptic-scale flows in the troposphere that are balanced with respect to both acoustic and internal gravity waves. Within this framework, effects of (turbulent) friction near the ground are usually represented by Ekman layer theory. The troposphere covers roughly the lowest 10 km of the atmosphere while Ekman layer heights are typically just a few hundred meters. However, this two-layer asymptotic theory does not explicitly account for substantial changes of the potential temperature stratification due to diabatic heating associated with cloud formation or with radiative and turbulent heat fluxes which can be significant in about the lowest 3 km and in the middle latitudes. To address this deficiency, this paper extends the classical QG–Ekman layer model by introducing an intermediate dynamically and thermodynamically active layer, called the “diabatic layer” (DL) from here on. The flow in this layer is also in acoustic, hydrostatic, and geostrophic balance but, in contrast to QG flow, variations of potential temperature are not restricted to small deviations from a stable and time-independent background stratification. Instead, within the DL diabatic processes are allowed to affect the leading-order stratification. As a consequence, this layer modifies the pressure field at the top of the Ekman layer, and with it the intensity of Ekman pumping seen by the quasigeostrophic bulk flow. The result is the proposed extended quasigeostrophic three-layer QG–DL–Ekman model for midlatitude dynamics.
Jet Stream Meandering in the Northern Hemisphere Winter: An Advection–Diffusion Perspective
Authors: Chen Gang , Nie Yu , Zhang Yang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLarge meridional excursions of a jet stream are conducive to blocking and related midlatitude weather extremes, yet the physical mechanism of jet meandering is not well understood. This paper examines the mechanisms of jet meandering in boreal winter through the lens of a potential vorticity (PV)-like tracer advected by reanalysis winds in an advection–diffusion model. As the geometric structure of the tracer displays a compact relationship with PV in observations and permits a linear mapping from tracer to PV at each latitude, jet meandering can be understood by the geometric structure of tracer field that is only a function of prescribed advecting velocities. This one-way dependence of tracer field on advecting velocities provides a new modeling framework to quantify the effects of time mean flow versus transient eddies on the spatiotemporal variability of jet meandering. It is shown that the mapped tracer wave activity resembles the observed spatial pattern and magnitude of PV wave activity for the winter climatology, interannual variability, and blocking-like wave events. The anomalous increase in tracer wave activity for the composite over interannual variability or blocking-like wave events is attributed to weakened composite mean winds, indicating that the low-frequency winds are the leading factor for the overall distributions of wave activity. It is also found that the tracer model underestimates extreme wave activity, likely due to the lack of feedback mechanisms. The implications for the mechanisms of jet meandering in a changing climate are also discussed.
Factors Influencing Intention to Technological Use in Older Adults. The TAM Model Aplication
Authors: Martín-García Antonio V. , Redolat Rosa , Pinazo-Hernandis Sacramento 
Published: December 2021

The use of digital technology by older adults has improved in recent years in response to the need for their functional adaptation to an increasingly technological social context. Understanding this type of technological adaptation has recently become an important field of inquiry in both social and gerontological studies. Working within this framework, the aim of this study is to identify the main determinants that influence the intention of older people to use digital technology in their daily lives, using the Technological Acceptance Model. A study was carried out with the participation of 1155 people over 65 years of age in Spain. Confirmatory Factor Analysis and structural equation models (SEM) were performed. The results show that the TAM is a useful model to explain the intention of older adults to use Digital Technology, showing a high predictive power, highlighting Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use as the main predictor variables.
Trends in HPV Testing for Patients With Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A National Analysis
Authors: Tseng Christopher C. , Gao Jeff , Barinsky Gregory L. , Fang Christina H. , Hsueh Wayne D. , Grube Jordon G. , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to analyze national trends in human papillomavirus (HPV) testing for patients diagnosed with sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC).Study DesignRetrospective database study.SettingNational Cancer Database (2010‐2016).MethodsCases from 2010 to 2016 with a primary SNSCC diagnosis and known HPV testing status were extracted from the National Cancer Database. Univariate and multivariate analyses were then performed to assess differences in socioeconomic, hospital, and tumor characteristics between tested and nontested patients.ResultsA total of 2308 SNSCC cases were collected, with 1210 (52.4%) HPV tested and 1098 (47.6%) not tested. On univariate analyses, patient age, insurance, income quartile, population density, treatment facility location, and tumor grade were significantly associated with HPV testing status. After multivariate logistic regression modeling, living in a suburban area had lower odds of HPV testing as compared with living in urban areas (odds ratio, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.55‐0.99]; P =. 041), while tumor grade III/IV had higher odds than grade I (odds ratio, 1.73 [95% CI, 1.29‐2.33]; P <. 001). HPV‐tested patients had a similar 5‐year overall survival to nontested patients (48.3% vs 45.3%, log‐rank P =. 405). A sharp increase in HPV testing rates was observed after 2010 (P <. 001).ConclusionAmong patients with SNSCC, those with high‐grade tumors were more likely to be tested for HPV, while patients with a suburban area of residence were less likely. Additionally, there was no significant survival benefit to HPV testing, with tested and nontested groups having similar overall survival.Level of evidence4.
Corrective exercise-based therapy for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gámiz-Bermúdez Francisca , Obrero-Gaitán Esteban , Zagalaz-Anula Noelia , Lomas-Vega Rafael 
Published: December 2021

Objective to analyze the efficacy of Corrective exercise-based therapy in the improvement of deformity and quality of life in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Data sources PubMed Medline, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), Physiotherapy Evidence Database, CINAHL Complete and SciELO, until June 2021. Review methods Randomized controlled trials was selected, including participants diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, in which the experimental group received Corrective exercise-based therapy. Two authors independently searched the scientific literature in the data sources, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. A pairwise meta-analysis using the random-effects model was performed. Results Eight randomized controlled trials providing data from 279 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients were included. Seven randomized controlled trials including 236 patients showed moderate-quality evidence for a medium effect (SMD = −0.52, 95% CI −0.96 to −0.1), favoring corrective exercise-based therapy for spinal deformity reduction. Corrective exercise-based therapy was better than no intervention (SMD = −0.59, 95% CI −1.18 to −0.01) but similar to other intervention (SMD = −0.2, 95% CI −0.67 to 0.27), and a medium effect was found (SMD = −0.51, 95% CI −0.89 to −0.13) when corrective exercise-based therapy was used with other therapies. Four studies including 151 patients showed low-quality evidence of a large effect of Corrective exercise-based therapy on Scoliosis Research Society measurement (SRS-22) total score improvement (SMD = 1.16, 95% CI 0.36 to 1.95). Conclusion In mild and moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, corrective exercise-based therapy could be used to reduce spinal deformity and to improve quality of life as isolated treatment or as coadjuvant treatment combined with other therapeutic resources.
A Revised Framework to Evaluate the Consistency Assumption Globally in a Network of Interventions
Authors: Spineli Loukia M. 
Published: December 2021

Background The unrelated mean effects (UME) model has been proposed for evaluating the consistency assumption globally in the network of interventions. However, the UME model does not accommodate multiarm trials properly and omits comparisons between nonbaseline interventions in the multiarm trials not investigated in 2-arm trials. Methods We proposed a refinement of the UME model that tackles the limitations mentioned above. We also accompanied the scatterplots on the posterior mean deviance contributions of the trial arms under the network meta-analysis (NMA) and UME models with Bland-Altman plots to detect outlying trials contributing to poor model fit. We applied the refined and original UME models to 2 networks with multiarm trials. Results The original UME model omitted more than 20% of the observed comparisons in both networks. The thorough inspection of the individual data points’ deviance contribution using complementary plots in conjunction with the measures of model fit and the estimated between-trial variance indicated that the refined and original UME models revealed possible inconsistency in both examples. Conclusions The refined UME model allows proper accommodation of the multiarm trials and visualization of all observed evidence in complex networks of interventions. Furthermore, considering several complementary plots to investigate deviance helps draw informed conclusions on the possibility of global inconsistency in the network. Highlights We have refined the unrelated mean effects (UME) model to incorporate multiarm trials properly and to estimate all observed comparisons in complex networks of interventions. Forest plots with posterior summaries of all observed comparisons under the network meta-analysis and refined UME model can uncover the consequences of potential inconsistency in the network. Using complementary plots to investigate the individual data points’ deviance contribution in conjunction with model fit measures and estimated heterogeneity aid in detecting possible inconsistency.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Auditory Pathway in Patients With Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type I: Correlation With Auditory Brainstem Response
Authors: Razek Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel , Regal Mohamed Ezz El , El-Shabrawi Mortada , Abdeltawwab Mohamed Moustafa , Megahed Ahmed , Elzeny Sherine , Tantawi Noha El , Taman Saher Ebrahiem 
Published: December 2021

Aim: To evaluate the role of diffusion tensor imaging of the auditory pathway in patients with Crigler Najjar syndrome type I and its relation to auditory brainstem response. Methods: Prospective study was done including 12 patients with Crigler Najjar syndrome type I and 10 age- and sex-matched controls that underwent diffusion tensor imaging of brain. Mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy at 4 regions of the brain and brainstem on each side were measured and correlated with the results of auditory brainstem response for patients. Results: There was significantly higher mean diffusivity of cochlear nucleus, superior olivary nucleus, inferior colliculus, and auditory cortex of patients versus controls on both sides for all regions ( P = .001). The fractional anisotropy of cochlear nucleus, superior olivary nucleus, inferior colliculus, and auditory cortex of patients versus controls was significantly lower, with P values of, respectively, .001, .001, .003, and .001 on the right side and .001, .001, .003, and .001 on left side, respectively. Also, a negative correlation was found between the maximum bilirubin level and fractional anisotropy of the left superior olivary nucleus and inferior colliculus of both sides. A positive correlation was found between the mean diffusivity and auditory brainstem response wave latency of the right inferior colliculus and left cochlear nucleus. The fractional anisotropy and auditory brainstem response wave latency of the right superior olivary nucleus, left cochlear nucleus, and inferior colliculus of both sides were negatively correlated. Conclusion: Diffusion tensor imaging can detect microstructural changes in the auditory pathway in Crigler Najjar syndrome type I that can be correlated with auditory brainstem response.
The Effects of Service Coordination on Disadvantaged Parents’ Participation in Activation Programs and Employment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gyüre Krisztina , Tøge Anne G , Malmberg-Heimonen Ira 
Published: December 2021

Purpose This randomized controlled study evaluates the effects of coordinated follow-up within a family intervention project on parents’ participation in activation programs and employment. The trial has been registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03102775). Methods Of 2634 families, 1429 families were randomized to be offered follow-up by a family coordinator, while 1205 families participated in ordinary follow-up without a family coordinator. An analysis of longitudinal administrative data was performed to estimate the effects of the intervention on parents’ participation in activation programs and employment by comparing the two follow-up methods. Results Based on fixed effects logistic models, the follow-up with a family coordinator is associated with non-significant effects on participation in activation programs (OR = 1.05, 95% CI [0.81, 1.37]) and employment (OR = 1.11, 95% CI [0.67, 1.82]). Discussion The results provide no significant evidence on the effectiveness of coordination efforts for disadvantaged families on activation and employment.
High-Grade Fetal Vascular Malperfusion Is Associated With Diffuse Chorionic Hemosiderosis
Authors: Mooney Eoghan E. , Crotty Emma 
Published: December 2021

Introduction Diffuse chorionic hemosiderosis (DCH) is an abnormality of the placental membranes characterized by the deposition of iron pigment. It is usually secondary to recurrent venous bleeding in early pregnancy. In many papers, it is associated with pre-term delivery. Fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM) is an abnormality of the feto-placental circulation that may be seen at any stage of gestation, but most often in the third trimester. It may be graded as low grade (LGFVM) or high grade (HGFVM). No link has been identified in the placental literature between DCH and FVM, but we have noted the 2 co-existing in placentas submitted for analysis. This study explored a possible association of these 2 entities. Methods Laboratory records were searched for singleton cases coded as DCH based on diagnosis on H&E stain over a 6-year period. Of 4478 placentas reported, 66 cases were coded as DCH (1.5%). These were classified as showing HGFVM, LGFVM, or no FVM. Controls (n = 132) were gestational age-matched cases without DCH. Cord length, coiling, insertion, or other abnormalities were noted. Membranes were classified as normal or circumvallate. Results were analyzed using Graphpad. Results Gestation ranged between 16 and 41 weeks gestation. 14/66 (21%) cases of DCH showed HGFVM and 2/66 (3%) showed LGFVM. 16/132 (12%) controls showed HGFVM and 21/132 (15.9%) had LGFVM. Where FVM is present, high-grade FVM is significantly associated with DCH versus controls ( P < .0031 Fischer’s Test). Discussion HGFVM occurs significantly more often in placentas with DCH than in controls. Both FVM and DCH are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, and a possible relationship between the 2 remains to be clarified.