bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly flexible and thermal conductive films of graphene/poly(naphthylamine) and applications in thermal management of LED devices
Authors: Qiu Hanxun , Zhao Xiaowei , Li Haoliang , Li Ying , Li Jing , Yang Junhe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn 5G era, integration and miniaturization of electronic components lead to increasing challenges in thermal management. Materials with high thermal conductivity and flexibility are strongly desired for dissipating heat locally generated in such devices. Due to its extraordinary thermal conducting performance, graphene has been exhibiting great potential in thermal management. In this work, composite films based on graphene oxide and poly‐naphthylamine (gGO/PNA) with enhanced thermal conducting performance have been achieved by employing poly (naphthylamine) (PNA) as repairing additives to restore topological defects of graphene oxide (GO). Specifically, gGO/PNA films are prepared with a facile operation of vacuum filtration followed by an elevated temperature treatment. The optimal thermal conductivity (κ) of gGO/PNA reaches to 1016.03 W m−1 K−1, 31.3% enhancement over that of the pristine graphene one. The thermal conducting performance test demonstrates the film an efficient heat‐dissipation ability from a heat‐generating LED bulb. Furthermore, the film exhibits excellent flexibility, making it survival from a 1000‐cycle bending test. This finding may promote the development of heat‐spreading materials and their applications in thermal management of highly integrated electronics.
Phase structure and adhesion properties of acrylic block copolymer/tackifier blends as nanocomposite‐like pressure‐sensitive adhesives
Authors: Sasaki Mariko , Kashihara Yusuke , Okada Shun , Shibamoto Kazuma , Kubo Yuka , Hirata Yumi , Urahama Yoshiaki , Kishi Hajime , Sakurai Shinichi , Hirai Tomoyasu , Fujii Syuji , Nakamura Yoshinobu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn a blend of acrylic block copolymer consisting of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(n‐butyl acrylate) blocks and a special rosin ester resin (RE) tackifier as a model pressure‐sensitive adhesive (PSA), RE exists in two states: as nm‐sized agglomerated particles (A) and as dissolved molecules (B). The effect of A and B ratio on the PSA properties were investigated using REs with four different weight‐average molecular weights (Mws) in the range from 680 to 1700. The formation of A increased with increasing of Mw because of lowering of miscibility. The glass transition temperature increased with increasing of Mw. The tack at lower temperatures and the fracture energy were improved by B, whereas the tack at higher temperatures was improved by A. A and B enhanced the cohesive strength and the wettability of PSA, respectively. However, the improvement of cohesive strength by the RE with highest Mw was remarkably low. This seems to be caused by the larger size of agglomerated particles. 1H pulse nuclear magnetic resonance analysis was useful for estimating the degree of A formation. The model PSA investigated in this study was nanocomposite‐like.
Trinuclear Organometallic Pt−Ir−Pt Complexes: Insights into Photophysical Properties, Amino Acid Binding and Protein Sensing
Authors: Das Bishnu , Gupta Parna 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe rational synthesis of trinuclear emissive organometallic complexes with two equivalent platinum(II) centres appended to the ancillary substituted 2,2′‐bipyridyl ligand of the cyclometalated iridium(III) centre is reported here. The alkynyl‐platinum moiety and cyclometalated iridium(III) centres have been separated through a non‐conjugated CH2−O−CH2 linkage. The emission titration with amino acids reveals that the complexes sense free amino acids. The luminescence sensing of BSA is thus attributed to the amino acid sensing ability of the complexes and confirmed by emission anisotropy and Far‐UV CD spectral study. The decrease in α‐helix in the CD spectra signifies the changes in the secondary structure of protein in presence of the complexes.
Assurance in vaccine efficacy clinical trial design based on immunological responses
Authors: Callegaro Andrea , Zahaf Toufik , Tibaldi Fabian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe assurance of a future clinical trial is a key quantitative tool for decision‐making in drug development. It is derived from prior knowledge (Bayesian approach) about the clinical endpoint of interest, typically from previous clinical trials. In this paper, we examine assurance in the specific context of vaccine development, where early development (Phase 2) is often based on immunological endpoints (e.g., antibody levels), while the confirmatory trial (Phase 3) is based on the clinical endpoint (very large sample sizes and long follow‐up). Our proposal is to use the Phase 2 vaccine efficacy predicted by the immunological endpoint (using a model estimated from epidemiological studies) as prior information for the calculation of the assurance.
Comorbidity, lifestyle factors, and sexual satisfaction among Chinese cancer survivors
Authors: Wang Jingya , Zhao Jie , Zhang Chenggang , Zhang Yuxin , Jiang Nan , Wei Xiaomin , Wang Jiwei , Yu Jinming 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to explore the prevalence of sexual satisfaction among Chinese cancer survivors, and explore the association of sexual satisfaction with comorbidity and lifestyle factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed among 3996 Chinese cancer survivors recruited at Shanghai Cancer Rehabilitation Club from March to April 2017. Data were collected through self‐reported questionnaires. The questionnaire includes information about demographic, cancer characteristics, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, and sexual satisfaction. Sexual satisfaction was measured by a single‐item scale. The distribution of sexual satisfaction among different demographic and cancer characteristics was compared using the chi‐squared test. Logistic regression models were conducted to assess the effects of lifestyle factors, comorbidities on sexual satisfaction after adjustment for demographic and cancer characteristics.ResultsMore than 40% of male and female cancer survivors reported no sexual satisfaction. Sexual satisfaction of cancer survivors is significantly associated with both the number and the type of comorbidities. Heart disease, musculoskeletal system disease, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia are the comorbidities significantly associated with sexual satisfaction of cancer survivors. Lifestyle factors other than smoking, including exercise or fitness, drinking alcohol, and eating fruits and vegetables are significantly correlated with sexual satisfaction. Besides, all of the above associations show gender differences. In addition, demographic characteristics include sex, age, marital status, living status, and average monthly income are also significantly associated with sexual satisfaction of cancer survivors.ConclusionComorbidity and lifestyle factors are associated with sexual satisfaction of cancer survivors, and the associations show gender differences. Improving the lifestyles of cancer survivors, and controlling and reducing their comorbidities are important for improving their sexual satisfaction.
The role of sex and rurality in cancer fatalistic beliefs and cancer screening utilization in Florida
Authors: Guo Yi , Szurek Sarah M. , Bian Jiang , Braithwaite Dejana , Licht Jonathan D. , Shenkman Elizabeth A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPeople's fatalistic beliefs about cancer can influence their cancer prevention behaviors. We examined the association between fatalistic beliefs and breast and colorectal cancer screening among residents of north‐central Florida and tested whether there exists any sex or rural–non‐rural disparities in the association.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional, random digit dialing telephone survey of 895 adults residing in north‐central Florida in 2017. Using weighted logistic models, we examined the association between (1) respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics and cancer fatalistic beliefs and (2) cancer fatalistic beliefs and cancer screening utilization among screening eligible populations. We tested a series of sex and rurality by fatalistic belief interactions.ResultsControlling for sociodemographics, we found the agreement with “It seems like everything causes cancer” was associated with a higher likelihood of having a mammogram (odds ratio [OR]: 3.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17–9.51), while the agreement with “Cancer is most often caused by a person's behavior or lifestyle” was associated with a higher likelihood of having a blood stool test (OR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.12–3.05) or a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy among women (OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.09–6.44). We did not observe any rural–non‐rural disparity in the association between fatalistic beliefs and cancer screening utilization.ConclusionsSome, but not all, cancer fatalistic beliefs are associated with getting breast and colorectal cancer screening in north‐central Florida. Our study highlights the need for more research to better understand the social and cultural factors associated with cancer screening utilization.
Continuous Production of Lipid Nanoparticles by Ultrasound‐Assisted Microfluidic Antisolvent Precipitation
Authors: Bolze Holger , Riewe Juliane , Bunjes Heike , Dietzel Andreas , Burg Thomas P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMicrofluidic processes are of interest for the production of pharmaceutical nanoparticles due to the uniform characteristics attainable by such devices. However, precipitation processes in microfluidic systems incur a high risk of fouling, which compromises their reliability for continuous operation. A robust ultrasound‐assisted process is established for the precipitation of lipid nanoparticles in a microfluidic mixer. The results indicate that nanoparticles can be produced over several hours without clogging. An analysis of the products reveals a small number of micron‐sized particles, but these did not disturb the process. Thus, in‐process ultrasonication is effective at improving the reliability of microfluidic precipitation and preventing buildup of precipitates in the channels.
Corn yield response to phosphorus and potassium fertilization in Arkansas
Authors: Drescher Gerson L. , Slaton Nathan A. , Roberts Trenton L. , Smartt Alden D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPhosphorus and potassium are key nutrients for plant physiological processes and are required in large amounts for adequate corn (Zea mays L.) production. Corn is a major row crop, and up‐to‐date soil test‐based fertilizer recommendations are required to enhance production and profitability. The results from 32 P and 42 K field trials evaluating irrigated corn response to fertilizer P and K rates were used to (i) correlate corn's relative yield response to Mehlich‐3 soil test P and K, (ii) determine the frequency and magnitude of the yield response to fertilization, and (iii) calibrate fertilizer P and K rates to soil test P and K. The quadratic and linear models identified 36 parts per million (ppm) P (r2 = .68, P < .0001) and 110 ppm K (r2 = .36, P < .0001) as the Mehlich‐3 soil test P and K values needed to produce 95% of maximum yield without fertilization. Additional research is needed on soils with P < 15 and > 35 ppm and K < 60 and > 120 ppm to enhance the scope of data in the analyses and improve our understanding of corn's response to P and K fertilization. The current thresholds defining soil test K levels perform well in interpreting soil K availability and corn's response to K fertilization. Mehlich‐3 soil test P level definitions should be modified to improve the accuracy of soil test‐based decisions for irrigated corn. The calibration results suggest the recommended P2O5 and K2O rates are greater than needed to maximize yield.
Surface Modification of Ready‐to‐Use Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Modules for Oil/Water Separation
Authors: Idrees Hasan , ElSherbiny Ibrahim M. A. , Hecket Meagan , Ke Qirong , Staaks Christian , Khalil Ahmed S. G. , Ulbricht Mathias , Panglisch Stefan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractReusing wastewater from oil‐related industries is becoming increasingly important, especially in water‐stressed oil‐producing countries. Before oily wastewater can be discharged or reused, it must be properly treated, e.g., by membrane‐based processes like ultrafiltration. A major issue of the applied membranes is their high fouling propensity. This paper reports on mitigating fouling inside ready‐to‐use ultrafiltration hollow‐fiber modules used in a polishing step in oil/water separation. For this purpose, in‐situ polyzwitterionic hydrogel coating was applied. The membrane performance was tested with oil nano‐emulsions using a mini‐plant system. The main factors influencing fouling were systematically investigated using statistical design of experiments.
Predicting mortality and no‐reflow in STEMI patients using epicardial adipose tissue
Authors: Mohamed Amr 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundAcute myocardial infarction is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It occurs when irreversible myocardial cell damage or death occurs. ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is the most serious presentation of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. STEMI results from the occlusion of a major coronary artery. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred reperfusion strategy. It should be performed by an experienced team within the shortest time possible from the first medical contact.HypothesisIncreased mortality risk and no‐reflow in STEMI patients with epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EAT) more than 5 mm compared to STEMI patients with EAT less than 5 mm.MethodsThis study was conducted on 113 patients who presented to the cardiology department of Ain Shams university hospital with the first STEMI and underwent primary PCI. Medical treatment for STEMI was given to all subjects as per the guidelines. All patients underwent an echocardiographic evaluation of epicardial adipose tissue and left ventricular ejection fraction. Patients were divided into two groups using epicardial adipose tissue thickness of 5 mm as a cutoff point; this number was derived from the ROC curve. Group I: Included patients with EAT thickness less than 5 mm, including 44 patients (38.9%). Group II: Included patients with EAT thickness greater than 5 mm, including 69 patients (61.1%).ResultsThe current study showed that epicardial fat thickness significantly correlated with the no‐reflow phenomenon in the cath lab and overall prognosis in patients with STEMI.ConclusionIncreased EAT thickness may be an independent predictor of the no‐reflow phenomenon and mortality. Therefore, our study emphasizes that EAT thickness measured by echocardiography may provide additional and substantial information on the risk of no‐reflow and mortality in STEMI patients.
Overall survival and secondary malignant neoplasms in children receiving passively scattered proton or photon craniospinal irradiation for medulloblastoma
Authors: Paulino Arnold C. , Ludmir Ethan B. , Grosshans David R. , Su Jack M. , McGovern Susan L. , Okcu M. Fatih , McAleer Mary Frances , Baxter Patricia A. , Mahajan Anita , Chintagumpala Murali M. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUNDBoth intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (RT) and passively scattered proton therapy have a risk of secondary malignant neoplasm (SMN) in children. To determine the influence of RT modality on the incidence of SMN after craniospinal irradiation (CSI), the authors compared the incidence of SMN in children who had medulloblastoma treated with either photon CSI plus an intensity‐modulated RT boost (group I) or passively scattered proton CSI plus a boost (group II).METHODSFrom 1996 to 2014, 115 children with medulloblastoma (group I, n = 63; group II, n = 52) received CSI followed by a boost to the tumor bed. Most patients had standard‐risk disease (63.5%). The median follow‐up was 12.8 years for group I and 8.7 years for group II.RESULTSThe 5‐year and 10‐year overall survival (OS) rates were 88.8% and 85.1%, respectively, for standard‐risk patients and 63.1% and 57.3%, respectively, for high‐risk patients, with no OS difference by RT modality (P = .81). Six SMNs were identified (4 in group I, 2 in group II). The 5‐year and 10‐year SMN incidence rates were 1.0% and 6.9%, respectively (0.0% and 8.0%, respectively, in group I; 2.2% and 4.9%, respectively, in group II; P = .74). Two SMNs occurred in the clinical target volume in the brain, 2 occurred in the exit dose region from the photon spinal field, 1 occurred in the entrance path of a proton beam, and 1 occurred outside the radiation field. There were no reported cases of secondary leukemia.CONCLUSIONSThis analysis demonstrates no difference in OS or SMN incidence between patients in groups I and II 10 years after RT.LAY SUMMARY

One hundred fifteen children with medulloblastoma received radiotherapy (RT) with either photon craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and an intensity‐modulated RT boost (group I; n = 63) or passively scattered proton CSI and a boost (group II;, n = 52).

The majority of children had standard‐risk disease (63.5%).

The 5‐year and 10‐year overall survival rates were 88.8% and 85.1% for standard‐risk patients, respectively, and 63.1% and 57.3% for high‐risk patients, respectively, with no difference in overall survival by RT group (P = .81).

The 5‐year and 10‐year second malignant neoplasm incidence rates were 1.0% and 6.9%, respectively, with no difference in second malignant neoplasm incidence according to RT group (P = .74).
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of infants compared with children diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma: Analysis of surveillance, epidemiology and end results data from 2000 to 2016
Authors: Rees Hannah D. , Hills Nancy K. , Sabnis Amit J. , Tulpule Asmin B. , Shimotake Tom K. , Goldsby Robert E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft‐tissue sarcoma of childhood, but occurs infrequently in infants (<1 year). Historically, infants with RMS have worse overall survival compared to other pediatric age groups.AimThis study aims to assess the clinical features and treatment factors associated with survival comparing infants to children aged 1–9 years diagnosed with RMS.MethodsChildren aged <10 years diagnosed with RMS between 2000 and 2016 were identified using the SEER database. Descriptive statistics were used to assess demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of infants and children with RMS. Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed to assess for factors associated with survival.ResultsAge <1 year was independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. Compared to children aged 1–9 years, fewer infants received standard of care therapy, that is, chemotherapy combined with local control (surgery and/or radiation; 86.8 vs. 75.7%; p = .009). In comparing the frequency of specific treatment modalities (used alone or in combination with other modalities), infants were less likely to receive radiation therapy (34.0 vs. 66.4%; p < .001) and more likely to receive surgery (68.9 vs. 57.5%; p = .02) than children aged 1–9 years. Across age groups, chemotherapy combined with local control was significantly associated with reduced mortality. Alveolar histology, metastatic disease, and Hispanic ethnicity were negatively associated with survival.ConclusionsAge of <1 year was an independent risk factor for increased mortality from RMS compared to ages 1–9 years. Fewer infants were treated with chemotherapy combined with local control, the therapy associated with best survival in all age groups. Other factors contributing to differences in survival should be further explored.
AGFT: Adaptive entries aggregation scheme to prevent overflow in multiple flow table environment
Authors: Nallusamy Priyanka , TR Reshmi , Krishnan Murugan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe revolutionary architecture termed Software‐Defined Network provides flexible network management by detaching the control logic from the underlying data plane. The flow table resides in Ternary Content Addressable Memory imparts rules for the incoming flows with a limitation of high cost, limited storage, and consumes high power. In data center networks, when the traffic rate is high the overflow occurs due to storage limitation with high packet drop, frequent rule miss, and severe controller overhead. To overcome these challenges and to provide Quality of Service to the current network design sketch‐based entry reduction scheme is proposed. It incorporates three concurrent modules integrated to function sequentially where (1) Periodical analysis in Multiple Flow Tables is performed to ensure the availability of redundant entries using the robust data mining algorithm called Term Frequency. (2) Recurrent entries are further classified and clustered using the Boyer–Moore pattern matching algorithm to facilitate the forthcoming aggregation process. (3) A compact flow table is achieved with a customized multibit trie using Huffman coding compression technique. The experimental outcomes prove that this work prevents overflow by 99.98% with 98.99% enhanced flow table space and provides a significant reduction of controller overhead than the existing schemes.
Does age matter? Initial treatment goals of older adults with major depression in outpatient cognitive behavioural therapy
Authors: Sittler Mareike C. , Lechner‐Meichsner Franziska , Wilz Gabriele , Kessler Eva‐Marie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPersonal treatment goals (PTG) are important means to tailor psychotherapy to the needs of the patient, leading to increased engagement and greater improvement in relevant outcomes. According to lifespan developmental research, motivational goals in old age differ from goals of younger people, with management of losses rather than growth becoming more prevalent. However, this study is the first to systematically investigate age‐specific differences in PTGs.MethodWe used routine data from patients with major depression assessed at the beginning of outpatient cognitive behavioural therapy. Initial high‐priority PTGs were assessed using the Bern Inventory of Treatment Goals (BIT‐C). Older patients (≥60 years, n = 52) were matched to younger patients (<60 years, n = 52) with regard to severity of depression, number of comorbidities, gender and level of education.ResultsUsing a mixed method approach, high‐priority PTGs of both age groups were focused most strongly on reducing depressive symptoms and, subsequently, anxiety. At the same time, older patients focused more strongly on PTGs related to well‐being and functioning, while younger patients' emphasis was on personal growth. Furthermore, better coping with the ageing process and physical losses emerged as important PTGs for some older patients.ConclusionInitial PTG themes are specific to diagnosis, but also seem to differ in regard to age. Thus, it is important to develop age‐sensitive measures that allow appropriate and efficient tailoring of psychotherapy to meet older patients' needs and preferences.