bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hardness prediction considering the influence of alloying elements in laser hardening based on a 3D thermal model
Authors: Wang Chen , Lin Qiyin , Sun Yaoning , Han Chenyang , Hong Jun 
Published: August 2021

Taking the influence of alloying elements into consideration, a hardness prediction model based on a newly proposed parameter named actual carbon diffusion time (ACDT), which was calculated by combining temperature history with carbon diffusivity, is developed in this paper. The hardness distribution was directly derived from a 3D thermal model, which was constructed to simulate the laser surface hardening of AISI 1045, and from which the temperature history was also obtained. Using this 3D thermal model, the geometric characteristics after laser hardening (e.g., the width of the hardened layer, the depth of the phase change layer) were determined according to the martensitic transformation. The influences of the scanning speed and the laser power on the geometric characteristics were investigated, and the relations among the geometric characteristics after laser hardening were further determined. The laser hardening experiments with various parameters were conducted, and it was found that the hardness can be accurately predicted using the developed hardness prediction model (R-squared, 97.0%). The proposed parameter ACDT, as the core of the hardness prediction model in this paper, broadens the way for hardness prediction in laser hardening with the alloying effect involved.
Exploiting collider bias to apply two-sample summary data Mendelian randomization methods to one-sample individual level data
Authors: Barry Ciarrah , Liu Junxi , Richmond Rebecca , Rutter Martin K. , Lawlor Deborah A. , Dudbridge Frank , Bowden Jack 
Published: August 2021

Over the last decade the availability of SNP-trait associations from genome-wide association studies has led to an array of methods for performing Mendelian randomization studies using only summary statistics. A common feature of these methods, besides their intuitive simplicity, is the ability to combine data from several sources, incorporate multiple variants and account for biases due to weak instruments and pleiotropy. With the advent of large and accessible fully-genotyped cohorts such as UK Biobank, there is now increasing interest in understanding how best to apply these well developed summary data methods to individual level data, and to explore the use of more sophisticated causal methods allowing for non-linearity and effect modification.
In this paper we describe a general procedure for optimally applying any two sample summary data method using one sample data. Our procedure first performs a meta-analysis of summary data estimates that are intentionally contaminated by collider bias between the genetic instruments and unmeasured confounders, due to conditioning on the observed exposure. These estimates are then used to correct the standard observational association between an exposure and outcome. Simulations are conducted to demonstrate the method’s performance against naive applications of two sample summary data MR. We apply the approach to the UK Biobank cohort to investigate the causal role of sleep disturbance on HbA1c levels, an important determinant of diabetes.
Our approach can be viewed as a generalization of Dudbridge et al. (Nat. Comm. 10: 1561), who developed a technique to adjust for index event bias when uncovering genetic predictors of disease progression based on case-only data. Our work serves to clarify that in any one sample MR analysis, it can be advantageous to estimate causal relationships by artificially inducing and then correcting for collider bias.
Pandemic-associated mobility restrictions could cause increases in dengue virus transmission
Authors: Cavany Sean M. , España Guido , Vazquez-Prokopec Gonzalo M. , Scott Thomas W. , Perkins T Alex 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has induced unprecedented reductions in human mobility and social contacts throughout the world. Because dengue virus (DENV) transmission is strongly driven by human mobility, behavioral changes associated with the pandemic have been hypothesized to impact dengue incidence. By discouraging human contact, COVID-19 control measures have also disrupted dengue vector control interventions, the most effective of which require entry into homes. We sought to investigate how and why dengue incidence could differ under a lockdown scenario with a proportion of the population sheltered at home.Methodology & principal findingsWe used an agent-based model with a realistic treatment of human mobility and vector control. We found that a lockdown in which 70% of the population sheltered at home and which occurred in a season when a new serotype invaded could lead to a small average increase in cumulative DENV infections of up to 10%, depending on the time of year lockdown occurred. Lockdown had a more pronounced effect on the spatial distribution of DENV infections, with higher incidence under lockdown in regions with higher mosquito abundance. Transmission was also more focused in homes following lockdown. The proportion of people infected in their own home rose from 54% under normal conditions to 66% under lockdown, and the household secondary attack rate rose from 0.109 to 0.128, a 17% increase. When we considered that lockdown measures could disrupt regular, city-wide vector control campaigns, the increase in incidence was more pronounced than with lockdown alone, especially if lockdown occurred at the optimal time for vector control.Conclusions & significanceOur results indicate that an unintended outcome of lockdown measures may be to adversely alter the epidemiology of dengue. This observation has important implications for an improved understanding of dengue epidemiology and effective application of dengue vector control. When coordinating public health responses during a syndemic, it is important to monitor multiple infections and understand that an intervention against one disease may exacerbate another.
Systematic review of instruments for assessing culinary skills in adults: What is the quality of their psychometric properties?
Authors: Teixeira Aline Rissatto , Bicalho Daniela , Slater Betzabeth , Lima Tacio de Mendonça 
Published: August 2021

Background
Culinary skills are important objects of study in the field of Public Health. Studies that propose to develop instruments for assessing such construct show lack of methodological uniformity to report validity and reliability of their instruments.

Objective
To identify studies that have developed instruments to measure culinary skills in adult population, and critically assess their psychometric properties.

Design
We conducted a systematic review according to the PRISMA statement. We searched literature PubMed/Medline, Scopus, LILACS, and Web of Science databases until January 2021, and consulted Google Scholar for relevant grey literature. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, conducted data extraction, and assessed the psychometric quality of the instruments. A third reviewer resolved any doubts or disagreements in all steps of the systematic review.

Results
The search identified 1148 potentially relevant studies, out of which 9 met the inclusion criteria. In addition, we included 3 studies by searching the related articles and the reference lists of these studies, totaling 12 included studies in this review. Ten studies reported the development of tools measuring culinary skills in adults and 2 studies performed cross-cultural adaptations of original instruments. We considered adequate quality of internal consistency reliability in four studies. One study received adequate rating for test-retest reliability. No studies presented adequate rating for content validity and four studies showed satisfactory results for at least one type of construct validity. One study reported criterion validity and the quality of this psychometric property was inadequate.

Conclusions
We identified many studies that surveyed culinary skills. Although the isolated measures appraised in this review show good promise in terms of quality of psychometric properties, no studies presented adequate measures for each aspect of reliability and validity. A more consistent and consensual definition of culinary skills is recommended. The flaws observed in these studies show that there is a need for ongoing research in the area of the psychometric properties of instruments assessing culinary skills.
Trends of global health literacy research (1995–2020): Analysis of mapping knowledge domains based on citation data mining
Authors: Qi Shaojie , Hua Fengrui , Xu Shengyuan , Zhou Zheng , Liu Feng 
Published: August 2021

Background
During uncertainties associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, effectively improving people’s health literacy is more important than ever. Drawing knowledge maps of health literacy research through data mining and visualized measurement technology helps systematically present the research status and development trends in global academic circles.

Methods
This paper uses CiteSpace to carry out a metric analysis of 9,492 health literacy papers included in Web of Science through mapping knowledge domains. First, based on the production theory of scientific knowledge and the data mining of citations, the main bodies (country, institution and author) that produce health literacy knowledge as well as their mutual cooperation (collaboration network) are both clarified. Additionally, based on the quantitative framework of cocitation analysis, this paper introduces the interdisciplinary features, development trends and hot topics of the field. Finally, by using burst detection technology in the literature, it further reveals the research frontiers of health literacy.

Results
The results of the BC measures of the global health literacy research collaboration network show that the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom are the major forces in the current international collaboration network on health literacy. There are still relatively very few transnational collaborations between Eastern and Western research institutions. Collaborations in public environmental occupational health, health care science services, nursing and health policy services have been active in the past five years. Research topics in health literacy research evolve over time, mental health has been the most active research field in recent years.

Conclusions
A systematic approach is needed to address the challenges of health literacy, and the network framework of cooperation on health literacy at regional, national and global levels should be strengthened to further promote the application of health literacy research. In the future, we anticipate that this research field will expand in two directions, namely, mental health literacy and eHealth literacy, both of which are closely linked to social development and issues. The results of this study provide references for future applied research in health literacy.
Differences in the characteristics and contemporary cardiac outcomes of patients with light-chain versus transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Itzhaki Ben Zadok Osnat , Vaturi Mordehay , Vaxman Iuliana , Iakobishvili Zaza , Rhurman-Shahar Noa , Kornowski Ran , Hamdan Ashraf 
Published: August 2021

Aims
To compare the baseline cardiovascular characteristics of immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) and amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and to investigate patients’ contemporary cardiac outcomes.

Methods
Single-center analysis of clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRi) characteristics of AL and ATTR-CA patients’ cohort (years 2013–2020).

Results
Included were 67 CA patients of whom 31 (46%) had AL-CA and 36 (54%) had ATTR-CA. Patients with ATTR-CA versus AL-CA were older (80 (IQR 70, 85) years versus 65 (IQR 60, 71) years, respectively, p<0.001) with male predominance (p = 0.038). Co-morbidities in ATTR-CA patients more frequently included diabetes mellitus (19% versus 3.0%, respectively, p = 0.060) and coronary artery disease (39% versus 10%, respectively, p = 0.010). By echocardiography, patients with ATTR-CA versus AL-CA had a trend to worse left ventricular (LV) ejection function (50 (IQR 40, 55)% versus 60 (IQR 45, 60)%, respectively, p = 0.051), yet comparable LV diastolic function. By CMRi, left atrial area (31 (IQR 27, 36)cm2 vs. 27 (IQR 23, 30)cm2, respectively, p = 0.015) and LV mass index (109 (IQR 96, 130)grams/m2 vs. 82 (IQR 72, 98)grams/m2, respectively, p = 0.011) were increased in patients with ATTR-CA versus AL-CA. Nevertheless, during follow-up (median 20 (IQR 10, 38) months), patients with AL-CA were more frequently admitted with heart failure exacerbations (HR 2.87 (95% CI 1.42, 5.81), p = 0.003) and demonstrated increased mortality (HR 2.51 (95%CI 1.19, 5.28), p = 0.015).

Conclusion
Despite the various similarities of AL-CA and ATTR-CA, these diseases have distinct baseline cardiovascular profiles and different heart failure course, thus merit tailored-cardiac management.
Dynamic physiological responses in obese and non-obese adults submitted to cardiopulmonary exercise test
Authors: Gonze Bárbara de Barros , Ostolin Thatiane Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale , Barbosa Alan Carlos Brisola , Matheus Agatha Caveda , Sperandio Evandro Fornias , Gagliardi Antônio Ricardo de Toledo , Arantes Rodolfo Leite , Romiti Marcello , Dourado Victor Zuniga 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Obese individuals have reduced performance in cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), mainly considering peak values of variables such as oxygen uptake (V˙O2), carbon dioxide production (V˙CO2), tidal volume (Vt), minute ventilation (V˙E) and heart rate (HR). The CPET interpretation and prognostic value can be improved through submaximal ratios analysis of key variables like ΔHR/ΔV˙O2, ΔV˙E/ΔV˙CO2, ΔV˙C/Δlinearized (ln)V˙E and oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES). The obesity influence on these responses has not yet been investigated. Our purpose was to evaluate the influence of adulthood obesity on maximal and submaximal physiological responses during CPET, emphasizing the analysis of submaximal dynamic variables.

Methods
We analyzed 1,594 CPETs of adults (755 obese participants, Body Mass Index ≥ 30 kg/m2) and compared the obtained variables among non-obese (normal weight and overweight) and obese groups (obesity classes I, II and III) through multivariate covariance analyses.

Result
Obesity influenced the majority of evaluated maximal and submaximal responses with worsened CPET performance. Cardiovascular, metabolic and gas exchange variables were the most influenced by obesity. Other maximal and submaximal responses were altered only in morbidly obese. Only a few cardiovascular and ventilatory variables presented inconsistent results. Additionally, Vtmax, Vt/V˙E, Vt/Inspiratory Capacity, Vt/Forced Vital Capacity, Lowest V˙E/V˙CO2, ΔV˙E/ΔV˙CO2, and the y-intercepts of V˙E/V˙CO2 did not significantly differ regardless of obesity.

Conclusion
Obesity expressively influences the majority of CPET variables. However, the prognostic values of the main ventilatory efficiency responses remain unchanged. These dynamic responses are not dependent on maximum effort and may be useful in detecting incipient ventilatory disorder. Our results present great practical applicability in identifying exercise limitation, regardless of overweight and obesity.
Cuban history of CRF19 recombinant subtype of HIV-1
Authors: Zhukova Anna , Voznica Jakub , Dávila Felipe Miraine , To Thu-Hien , Pérez Lissette , Martínez Yenisleidys , Pintos Yanet , Méndez Melissa , Gascuel Olivier , Kouri Vivian 
Published: August 2021

CRF19 is a recombinant form of HIV-1 subtypes D, A1 and G, which was first sampled in Cuba in 1999, but was already present there in 1980s. CRF19 was reported almost uniquely in Cuba, where it accounts for ∼25% of new HIV-positive patients and causes rapid progression to AIDS (∼3 years).We analyzed a large data set comprising ∼350polandenvsequences sampled in Cuba over the last 15 years and ∼350 from Los Alamos database. This data set contained both CRF19 (∼315), and A1, D and G sequences. We performed and combined analyses for the three A1, G and D regions, using fast maximum likelihood approaches, including: (1) phylogeny reconstruction, (2) spatio-temporal analysis of the virus spread, and ancestral character reconstruction for (3) transmission mode and (4) drug resistance mutations (DRMs). We verified these results with a Bayesian approach. This allowed us to acquire new insights on the CRF19 origin and transmission patterns. We showed that CRF19 recombined between 1966 and 1977, most likely in Cuban community stationed in Congo region. We further investigated CRF19 spread on the Cuban province level, and discovered that the epidemic started in 1970s, most probably in Villa Clara, that it was at first carried by heterosexual transmissions, and then quickly spread in the 1980swithin the “men having sex with men” (MSM) community, with multiple transmissions back to heterosexuals. The analysis of the transmission patterns of common DRMs found very few resistance transmission clusters.Our results show a very early introduction of CRF19 in Cuba, which could explain its local epidemiological success. Ignited by a major founder event, the epidemic then followed a similar pattern as other subtypes and CRFs in Cuba. The reason for the short time to AIDS remains to be understood and requires specific surveillance, in Cuba and elsewhere.
Psicólogo hospitalar: desafios e possibilidades do manejo frente ao paciente oncológico diante do contexto de pandemia (Covid-19) / Hospital psychologist: challenges and management possibilities in the face of cancer patients in the context of a pandemic context (Covid-19)
Authors: Oliveira Cleide de Jesus Oliveira e , Mora Emily Silva , Silva Eduardo Barbosa da , Silva Tailane Mendes da , Azevedo Caroline Almeida de 
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Este estudo tem como objetivo geral revisar na literatura quais são os desafios e possibilidades do manejo do psicólogo hospitalar frente ao paciente oncológico diante do contexto de pandemia (Covid-19). Realizado através de uma revisão integrativa, através da seleção de artigos nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, BVS e BVSCC, ao qual através de critérios de seleção foram escolhidos 06 artigos para compor a base de informações para análise e discussão acerca a temática abordada. Como resultados principais verificou-se que é de grande relevância o manejo da psicologia hospitalar no apoio e conscientização da importância da continuidade do tratamento e no trato de doenças do quadro psíquico destes pacientes. Conclui-se neste estudo que frente a realidade de pandemia em magnitude global é verificado consequências severas no abandono dos tratamentos oncológicos, a psicologia utilizando o manejo tecnológico da suporte ao paciente para o enfrentamento de casos, ajudando o paciente oncológico desde o processo de negação da doença a aceitação, fatores que afetam o tratamento da parte biológica, dificultando a melhora do quadro clinico.
Constructing 3D geological models based on large-scale geological maps
Authors: Wu Xuechao , Liu Gang , Weng Zhengping , Tian Yiping , Zhang Zhiting , Li Yang , Chen Genshen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The construction of 3D geological models based on geological maps is a subject worthy of study. The construction of geological interfaces is the key process of 3D geological modeling. It is hard to build the bottom interfaces of quaternary strata only using boundaries in large-scale geological maps. Moreover, it is impossible to construct bedrock geological interfaces through sparse occurrence data in large-scale geological maps. To address the above-mentioned two difficulties, we integrated two key algorithms into a new 3D modeling workflow. The buffer algorithm was used to construct virtual thickness contours of quaternary strata. The Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) algorithm was applied to occurrence interpolation. Using a regional geological map of a city in southern China, the effectiveness of our workflow was verified. The complex spatial geometry of quaternary bottom interfaces was described in detail through boundaries buffer. The extension trends of bedrock geological interfaces were reasonably constraint by occurrence interpolation. The 3D geological model constructed by our workflow accords with the semantic relationship of tectonics. Through the model, the complex spatial structure of urban shallow strata can be displayed stereoscopically. It can provide auxiliary basis for decision-making of urban underground engineering.
Parvovirus B19 associated autoantibodies upregulation in women and children in Southern China
Authors: Yu Qing , Tan Ruhong , Zhao Jiayi , Zhou Qixian , Zheng Fen , Li Xiangxin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Human parvovirus B19, the cause of fifth disease in children and transient arthropathy in adults, could induce autoimmunity and the production of autoantibodies. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between B19 infection and autoantibodies upregulation in women and children.

Methods
Of 512 women and children in our hospital between 2016 and 2018, all cases simultaneously test anti-B19 IgM and autoantibodies like anti-nuclear antibody, anti-Sm and anti-double stranded DNA antibody were included in this study.

Results
Parvovirus B19 infection could significantly upregulate anti-nuclear antibody and anti-Sm, but not anti-double stranded DNA, the titer of autoantibodies is associated with the content of anti-B19 IgM, and the infection in children is accompanied with more obvious autoantibodies upregulation.

Conclusions
Our data shows that parvovirus B19 infection is related to autoantibodies production in both women and children, and the status of infection may associate with the titer of autoantibodies in parvovirus B19 infected patients.
Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests
Authors: Özcürümez Mustafa , Katsounas Antonios , Holdenrieder Stefan , von Meyer Alexander , Renz Harald , Wölfel Roman 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Point-of-care antigen tests (PoC-AgTs) for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection enable screening of additional populations with less effort, independent of laboratories and at a low cost. PoC-AgTs have therefore been included in national testing strategies with additional quality requirements to address limitations in specificity and sensitivity. Information given in the package inserts of the test providers should enable the user to evaluate the performance of a PoC-AgT in advance. The quality of this information has been independently assessed since the Corona Test Ordinance came into force in Germany in October 2020.

Methods
The completeness of analytical and diagnostic performance specifications was assessed for all package inserts publicly available via the Paul Ehrlich Institute (PEI). It was ascertained whether the minimum criteria, recommendations, and extended criteria of the PEI were comprehensibly fulfilled. The number of tests removed from the list by March 2021 was determined.

Results
By the closing date of the survey (17.11.2020), the PEI had listed 165 PoC-AgTs that formally fulfilled the minimum criteria and were thus reimbursed. A total of 78 identical systems were identified. Almost all providers were found to have gaps in the information on the validation results of their tests, meaning that an evaluation of performance is only possible to a limited extent. Until March 2021, 25 non-identical PoC-AgTs have been removed from the list.

Conclusions
Many PoC-AgTs could not be comprehensively evaluated based on the information provided by the provider. Users are therefore dependent on provider-independent sources of information.