bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geoelectric field response characteristics analysis of floor roadway surrounding rock fracture caused due to coal seam mining
Authors: Ou Yuanchao , Zhang Pingsong , Fu Maoru , Hu Xiongwu , Wu Rongxin , Liu Chang , Sun Binyang , Xu Shiang , Li Shenglin , Tan Lei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe fracture of rocks surrounding the floor roadway during the mining of the working face of a coal mine is a complicated spatiotemporal process due to the superimposed action of multiple stress fields on the surrounding rock mass. Using the surrounding rock of a floor roadway in the working face of the Huainan Pan’er Mine as the research subject, we conducted real-time monitoring using geoelectric field monitoring technology, and found the spatiotemporal response law of the geoelectric field in the process of regional rupture and damage of engineering rock masses under a complex stress field environment. The results show that (1) the time series response characteristics and spatial distribution of the geoelectric field signal are closely related to the stress distribution and damage evolution of the surrounding rock mass; (2) the rupture and damage degree of the goaf floor significantly increased when the working face was pushed through the monitoring area for 20–40 m. During this process, the excitation current dropped by 4–12 mA, and the self-potential pulse fluctuation amplitude was greater than 400 mV; (3) from the beginning of the monitoring process to the end of the monitoring, the self-potential in the damaged area decreased by 250 mV, and the self-potential in the mudstone layer below the damaged area increased by 140 mV. The electrons released into the environment around the damaged rock mass during the severe impact phase of mining did not flow back to the damaged area, and the positive charge in the damaged rock mass gradually accumulated in the complete rock mass in units of rock strata; (4) when superimposed and supported by anchor rod and cables, the bearing capacity of the shallow bearing circle of the roadway was enhanced, and the excitation current presented a step-like overall increase during mining of the working face with a small drop after every significant increase. This result is of significance in monitoring the evolutionary process of real-time failure of rock masses under complex stress environments using geoelectric field information and in improving the quality of geoelectric field monitoring technology testing applications in the future.
Repulsive guidance molecule acts in axon branching in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Tsutsui Kaname , Kim Hon-Song , Yoshikata Chizu , Kimura Kenji , Kubota Yukihiko , Shibata Yukimasa , Tian Chenxi , Liu Jun , Nishiwaki Kiyoji 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRepulsive guidance molecules (RGMs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins implicated in repulsive axon guidance. Here we report the function of the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog DRAG-1 in axon branching. The axons of hermaphrodite-specific neurons (HSNs) extend dorsal branches at the region abutting the vulval muscles. The drag-1 mutants exhibited defects in HSN axon branching in addition to a small body size phenotype. DRAG-1 expression in the hypodermal cells was required for the branching of the axons. Although DRAG-1 is normally expressed in the ventral hypodermis excepting the vulval region, its ectopic expression in vulval precursor cells was sufficient to induce the branching. The C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor of DRAG-1 was important for its function, suggesting that DRAG-1 should be anchored to the cell surface. Genetic analyses suggested that the membrane receptor UNC-40 acts in the same pathway with DRAG-1 in HSN branching. We propose that DRAG-1 expressed in the ventral hypodermis signals via the UNC-40 receptor expressed in HSNs to elicit branching activity of HSN axons.
Nitrogen management under increased atmospheric CO2 concentration in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.): ameliorating environmental impacts of fertilization
Authors: Piñero María Carmen , Otálora Ginés , López-Marín Josefa , del Amor Francisco M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the last years, the atmospheric CO2 concentration has increased significantly, and this increase can cause changes in various physiological and biochemical processes of plants. However, the response of plants to elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]) will be different depending on the nitrogen form available and the plant species. Therefore, hydroponic trials on cucumber plants, with two CO2 concentrations (400 and 1000 ppm) and two nitrogen sources (NO3−/NH4+; 100/0 and 90/10), were conducted. Physiological parameters—such as gas exchange, GS, GOGAT and GDH activities, cation composition, soluble sugar and starch content- were measured. The results showed that when plants were grown with NH4+ and e[CO2], parameters such as photosynthesis rate (ACO2), instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi), the content of NH4+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, and the concentration of starch, were higher than in control plants (irrigated with nitrate as sole nitrogen source and ambient CO2 concentration (a[CO2])). Furthermore, an improvement in N assimilation was observed when the GS/GOGAT pathway was enhanced under these conditions (NH4+ and e[CO2]). Thus, our results contribute to the reduction of the negative environmental impacts of the use of nitrogen fertilizers on this crop, both by reducing nitrogen leakage (eutrophication) and greenhouse gas emissions.
Regulating the lattice strain of platinum–copper catalysts for enhancing collaborative electrocatalysis
Authors: Chang Fangfang , Liu Yongpeng , Zhang Qing , Jia Zhichao , Wang Xiaolei , Yang Lin , Bai Zhengyu 
Published: November 2021

PtnCu100−n alloy nanostellates showed the high catalytic activity for both the oxygen reduction and alcohol oxidation reactions.
Infranuclear Eye Movement Disorders
Authors: Mehlan Juliane , Schüttauf Frank 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInfranuclear motility disorders are such of the cranial nerves, the extraocular muscles or changes in the orbit but definitely peripheral to the nuclei of the cranial nerves. Characteristic are movement deficits, a compensatory head posture and the pattern of incomitancy. The secondary angle of deviation is usually larger than the primary. Combined pareses suggest a lesion in the cavernous sinus, orbital apex or a multilocular event. It is essential to rule out supranuclear disorders, especially if the motility deficit is atypical. For clarification, an individual risk assessment is recommended, paying particular attention to risk factors.
High Injury and Concussion Rates in Female Youth Team Sport: An
Opportunity for Prevention
Authors: Cairo Alexis L. , Räisänen Anu M. , Shill Isla J. , Black Amanda M. , Emery Carolyn A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate sport-related injury rates, types,
locations, and mechanisms in female youth team sports. This was a secondary
analysis of a cross-sectional study. An anonymous online survey was administered
to high school students (ages 14-19) in Alberta, Canada. The survey included
questions regarding demographic information, sport participation and
self-reported injuries sustained in the past year. Results were analyzed for
girls who reported playing a top ten team sports for female participation. For
girls participating in team sports, the overall injury rate was 55.5
injuries/100 participants/year. The rate of at least one
concussion was 9.4 concussions/100 participants/year. Injury and
concussion rates were highest in ringette (Injury rate=42.9
injuries/100 participants/year, Concussion rate=19.0
concussions/100 participants/year) and rugby (Injury
rate=40.0, Concussion rate=15.3). The top three most serious
injury locations were the knee (24.7%), ankle (21.6%) and head
(16.1%). The most common injury types were joint/ligament sprain
(26.71%), fracture (13.0%) and concussion (11.8%).
Contact mechanisms accounted for 73.4% of all serious injuries reported
in girls team sports. Team sport injury rates are high in female youth team
sports. Specific consideration of sport-specific injury rates, types and
mechanisms in girls’ team sports will inform development and evaluation
of targeted sport-specific prevention strategies.
Optimized Intraoperative Imaging for Stereotactic Planning with a Multiaxial Robotic C-arm System: Technical Note and Case Series
Authors: Enders Frederik , Rothfuss Andreas , Brehmer Stefanie , Stallkamp Jan , Schulte Dirk Michael , Hänggi Daniel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background The preoperative preparation of the planning dataset for frame-based stereotactic brain biopsy is often associated with logistical effort and burden on the patient. Intraoperative imaging modalities need to be investigated to overcome these limitations.
Objective The objective of the study was to develop and apply a new method for the intraoperative acquisition of the planning dataset with the multiaxial robotic C-arm system Artis zeego.
Methods An indication-customized dose-reduced protocol for Artis zeego was developed and implemented into the workflow. A sample of 14 patients who had undergone intraoperative imaging with Artis zeego was analyzed. A sample of 10 patients with conventional preoperative imaging by cranial computed tomography (CT) was used as a control group. Outcomes were compared with regard to target deviation, diagnostic value of the biopsies, complications, and procedure time.
Results In all patients, a suitable intraoperative planning dataset could be acquired with Artis zeego. Total procedure time was shorter for the Artis zeego group (p = 0.01), whereas time in the operating room area was longer in the Artis zeego group (p = 0.04). Biopsy results were diagnostic in 12 patients (86%) in the Artis zeego group and in 8 patients (80%) in the control group. There were no significant differences in target size, trajectory length, or target deviation.
Conclusion Intraoperative imaging for frame-based stereotactic brain biopsy with Artis zeego is an easy and feasible method. Accuracy is comparable to conventional CT, whereas radiation exposure could be additionally reduced. It allows a significant reduction of the total procedure length and improves the comfort for the patient and staff.
Respiratory Tract Pathogens in the COVID-19 Era: Data from a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Akcan Yildiz Leman , Unal Bahri , Aydin Orkun , Oygar Pembe Derin , Lacinel Gurlevic Sibel , Gungor Emre , Kaynak Mustafa Oguz , Korgal Nilay , Kukul Musa Gurel , Ilbay Sare , Alp Alpaslan , Ozsurekci Yasemin , Teksam Ozlem 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective The frequency of coinfections in pediatric Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and their impact on the clinical course are not fully understood. We aimed to investigate the viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens in children admitted to the pediatric emergency department (PED), their clinical course, and the presence of coinfections during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods Clinical, laboratory and radiological findings, viral and bacterial pathogens detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests in nasopharyngeal swabs, clinical course, and treatments of all children who were tested for severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the PED between March 16 and May 15, 2020, were recorded. SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and negative groups were compared.
Results Out of 570 patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 during the study period, 43 were found positive (7.5%). Non-SARS-CoV-2 viral pathogens were more common in the SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative group than the SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive group (13.2%, n = 68 versus 4.7%, n = 2), but this result was not statistically significant. Leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts were lower in SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive group. Bacterial panel positivity was significantly higher in the SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive group compared with the SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative group (52%, n = 12 versus 28%, n = 91; p < 0.05). The presence of coinfection did not alter the course of therapy in SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive cases.
Conclusion While viral coinfections were rare, bacterial panel positivity was common in children with COVID-19, but this had not influenced management decisions. The limitations of the tests should be kept in mind while interpreting the results.
Large Bowel Obstruction Caused by Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Almujarkesh Mohamad Khaled , Ismayl Mahmoud , Ismayl Ahmad , Alsayid Muhammad , Hiba Muhammed Rodwan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBowel obstruction is a frequently encountered condition worldwide that causes numerous admissions to hospitals. Metastatic carcinoma has been identified as one of the infrequently encountered causes of bowel obstruction. Prostate cancer typically metastasizes to lymph nodes, bone, lungs, liver, and brain. In this article, we reported the case of a 75-year-old man who presented with bowel obstruction due to narrowing and stricture of the rectum. Primary rectal mass was initially diagnosed, but upon further investigation, it was found that the mass resembled prostate tissue. The bowel obstruction was managed surgically with a colostomy. The patient was later referred to oncology for chemotherapy and hormonal therapy.
Initial Validation of a Modified MRI Scoring System for Assessing Outcomes after Single-Surface Osteochondral Shell Allograft Transplantation in the Knee
Authors: Wissman Robert , Cook Cristi , Cook James L. , Okoye Munachukwudi , Rucisnki Kylee , Stannard James P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Osteochondral Allograft Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring System (OCAMRISS) provides a reproducible method for imaging-based grading for osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplants. However, the OCAMRISS does not account for larger whole-surface OCA shell grafts, and has not been validated for assessing outcomes after shell OCA transplantation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate a modified OCAMRISS for assessing single-surface shell OCAs in the knee based on strength of correlations for a modified OCAMRISS score with graft success and patient-reported outcomes for pain and function. With institutional review board approval and informed patient consent, patients who underwent large single-surface shell OCA transplantation and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams at 1-year postsurgery were identified from a prospectively enrolled registry. All patients with a minimum of 2 years of clinical follow-up were included in the present study. A modified OCAMRISS, as well as assessment of the percentage of OCA bone incorporation, was used to score each knee. Two radiologists, blinded to patient demographics and outcomes, reviewed all MRIs together to determine a consensus score for each category and %-incorporation for each OCA. Thirteen patients (7 F, 6 M; mean age = 29.8 ± 9.4; mean body mass index = 27.1 ± 5.8); 8 medial femoral condyle, 4 patella, and 1 medial tibial plateau shell OCAs were evaluated. Mean modified OCAMRISS score was 5.2 ± 2.8, range (2–12) and %-integration was 72.7 ± 33.8, range (0–100). Moderate to strong correlations were noted for 1-year modified OCAMRISS total score with final follow-up (FFU) visual analog scale (VAS) pain (r = +0.58) and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) function (r = −0.7) scores, and for 1-year %-incorporation with FFU VAS pain (r = −0.76) and SANE function (r = +0.83) scores. The modified OCAMRISS total score and %-incorporation assessments determined at 1 year following single-surface shell OCA transplantation correlate well with initial patient outcomes and have clinical applicability for monitoring patients after large-shell OCA transplants in the knee.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Visiting Policies: A Worldwide Survey
Authors: Camporesi Anna , Zanin Anna , Kanaris Constantinos , Gemma Marco , Soares Lanziotti Vanessa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) visiting policies around the world and how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected these policies, due to concerns relating to a viral transmission. A web-based international survey was designed and disseminated through social networks, emails, or direct messages. Two hundred forty-one answers were received. From these, 26 were excluded (13 due to missing location and 13 duplicated answers), resulting in a final number of 215 answers. Europe accounted for 35% of responses (n = 77), South America 22.4% (n = 49), North America 19% (n = 41), Asia 16.5% (n = 36), Central America 2.7% (n = 6), Oceania, and Africa 2.2% each (n = 5 each). Before the pandemic, reported admission/visiting policies already varied between continents. Family time schedules remained similar to the prepandemic period in half of European, Central, and South American units and have changed in 60% of Asian, African, North American, and Oceanian units. Access to PICUs has been granted for patients and caregivers tested negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS COV-2) in only part of studied PICUs. Isolation precautions for the visitors were intensified at the onset of the pandemic. Changes in visiting policies were observed in most PICUs worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic, with some PICUs prohibiting any visitation by families. These changes can decrease possibilities of parental participation in emotional support and reduction of sedation needs, early mobility, and shared decision-making process and impact negatively both children and parental well-being and even patients' outcomes.
A Possible Mechanism of Action of 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Enhanced IL-10 Production
Authors: Megli Christina J. , Hauspurg Alisse , Venkataramanan Raman , Caritis Steve N. 
Published: November 2021

Objective The rate of recurrent spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) was reduced by 33% in the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit (MFMU) Network trial of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC), but the mechanism of action, 17 years later, remains elusive. The robustness of the interleukin-10 (IL-10) response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of leukocytes in pregnant women with a prior PTB correlates with gestational age at delivery. This study sought to determine if there is a relationship between the concentration of 17-OHPC and response to LPS stimulation.
Study Design We performed a secondary analysis of data from the Omega-3 MFMU trial which evaluated the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in reducing recurrent PTB. We utilized previously characterized data from a subanalyses of the Omega-3 trial of IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with LPS. Blood was obtained from enrolled women at 16 to 22 weeks' gestation (baseline) and 25 to 28 weeks' gestation (posttreatment). All women received 17-OHPC and plasma 17-OHPC concentrations were measured at 25 to 28 weeks' gestation. We analyzed these data to determine if there was a relationship between 17-OHPC concentration and cytokine production. We then performed an in vitro study to determine if 17-OHPC could directly alter cytokine production by THP-1-derived macrophages.
Results In the clinical samples, we found that 17-OHPC plasma concentrations were correlated with the quantity of the LPS-stimulated production of IL-10. TNF-α production after LPS stimulation was unrelated to 17-OHPC concentration. In the in vitro study, we demonstrate a 17-OHPC concentration dependent increase in IL-10 production.
Conclusion In women receiving 17-OHPC for PTB prevention, we demonstrate a relationship between plasma 17-OHPC and LPS-stimulated IL-10 production by circulating leukocytes. We also demonstrate that, in vitro, 17-OHPC treatment affects IL-10 production by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Collectively, these findings support an immunomodulatory mechanism of action of 17-OHPC in the prevention of recurrent PTB.
Key Points
Organic farming does not increase soil organic carbon compared to conventional farming if there is no carbon transfer from other agroecosystems. A meta-analysis
Authors: Alvarez Roberto 
Published: November 2021

Context Organic farming is based on the non-use of synthetic fertilisers and pesticides. Nitrogen inputs are derived from symbiotic fixation and organic fertilisers, which also contribute carbon to the agroecosystem. Soil organic carbon (SOC) generally increases in organically managed soils, but it is unclear whether the increase is due to carbon transfer from off-site or can be achieved without carbon transfer from other production systems. Aims This study aims to determine how carbon transfer is achieved to increase SOC under organic farming systems. Methods A meta-analysis was conducted to answer this question using articles published in peer-reviewed journals in which the results of randomised and replicated experiments were available. Data were collected from 66 experiments that generated 83 direct comparisons of organic vs conventional management. The data were divided into three groups: no carbon transfer between agroecosystems (no off-site effects, n = 15), with carbon transfer (off-site effects, n = 43), and undefined carbon management (n = 25). The response ratio was used as the effect size and the 95% confidence interval was calculated. Key results In experiments with no off-site effects, SOC did not differ between organic and conventional systems. In contrast, in experiments where manure-compost was transferred to organic systems from off-site or crop residues were harvested in conventional treatment, SOC was 22% higher in organic system. Conclusions These results indicate that organic farming increases SOC only when carbon is transferred between agroecosystems. Implications Off-site effects should be considered when addressing the carbon sequestration potential of organic farming.
Microbial community composition and activity in paired irrigated and non-irrigated pastures in New Zealand
Authors: Lambie Suzanne M. , Mudge Paul L. , Stevenson Bryan A. 
Published: November 2021

Context Microorganisms are key for carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in soils supporting agricultural production. Aims We investigated the impacts of irrigation on microbial community structure and activity in New Zealand on 28 paired non-irrigated and irrigated grazed pasture sites where C and N had decreased under irrigation. Methods Microbial community structure and microbial biomass (phospholipid fatty acids) and activity (basal respiration, substrate-induced respiration (SIR), aerobically mineralisable N (AerMN)) were assessed. Key results Microbial biomass did not differ between irrigated and non-irrigated soils, but irrigated soils had increased gram-negative bacteria (P < 0.05), lower gram-positive:gram-negative ratio (P < 0.001) and lower fungal:bacterial ratio (P < 0.001) compared to non-irrigated soils. SIR and AerMN were greater in irrigated compared to non-irrigated soils. There were no differences in basal respiration between irrigation treatments. Greater prevalence of gram-negative bacteria (r-strategist) as well as decreases in actinomycetes and fungal to bacterial ratio, and increased SIR and AerMN suggest more rapid cycling of C and nutrients in irrigated systems where C had been lost. Conclusions We found clear evidence that irrigation alters microbial community structure and activity in New Zealand pasture systems. Implications Irrigation driven alteration of microbial populations may contribute to losses of soil SOM and soils’ ability to deliver ecosystem services.