bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital transformation or analogic relationships? A dilemma for small retailer entrepreneurs and its resolution
Authors: Candelo Elena , Casalegno Cecilia Giuliana , Civera Chiara 
Published: June 2021

PurposeDigital transformation has had controversial impacts on the way small retailers and stakeholders interact, make decisions, and jointly create value while also transforming the nature of relationships. This paper examines the enabling factors of digital transformation in the small retailers' context through the lens of stakeholder theory, deepening the knowledge about the implications of such transformations imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employed a mixed methodology based on a single case study, semi-structured interviews, focus groups and a survey to illustrate the dynamics behind and the impacts of the development of a digital platform created to support the commercial activity of 100 small retailer entrepreneurs located in Italy during the 2020 lockdowns. The platform has been developed in partnership with public and private local stakeholders with different degrees of involvement in the project.FindingsThe authors demonstrated that stakeholder relationships based on trust, engagement and empowerment are enablers of digital transformation in entrepreneurial contexts based on analogic relationships and communal sharing relational models. The authors also outlined the implications of empowerment and digital contamination among small retailers.Originality/valueThe authors’ findings foster the understanding of digital transformation in small entrepreneurial contexts by highlighting the potential of digital transformation as a powerful bridge between the urgent call for digitalisation and the maintenance of valuable relationships with customers by small retailer entrepreneurs, supporting the creation of entrepreneurial ecosystems.
The reintegration officers’ perspectives on offenders to be discharged from community supervision in Singapore
Authors: Chan Joyce P.S. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to focus on the perspectives of correctional officers supervising young offenders on community supervision in Singapore.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopted a qualitative research framework, where attention was devoted to understanding the perspectives of eight reintegration officers, and what they perceived to have helped young offenders successfully discharged from community supervision.

Findings
The five essential factors that emerged are compliance to supervision conditions, education and/or employment, ability to cope and efforts to change, support and environment. Each factor is defensible and had been substantiated by past research that incorporates evidence-based practice in correctional rehabilitation for offenders.

Research limitations/implications
Due to constraints imposed on the research timeline, the five factors identified do not take into account societal-level barriers such as stigma, discrimination and inequalities, which are important factors that can be further explored in subsequent studies.

Originality/value
In Singapore, there is no research study on the Reintegration Officers' perspectives on what they deemed as critical for offenders to be discharged from community supervision. Understanding these key factors may help to shape future research in determining supervisees’ readiness for discharge from community supervision in Singapore. This knowledge gained could further inform and bolster the correctional rehabilitation services provided by SPS and be further developed into a tool that can be used to systematically assess the readiness of offenders to be discharged from community supervision.
Modelling the crisis management and impacts of 21st century disruptive events in tourism: the case of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Aldao Carolina , Blasco Dani , Poch Espallargas Manel , Palou Rubio Saida 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the most significant disruptive events affecting tourism during the twenty-first century, particularly the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachBased on a thorough literature review, this study takes a complexity science approach to the field of tourism to shed light on the challenges of disruptive events in tourism systems.FindingsFocusing on the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular, this study acknowledges that disruptive events are complex and have tremendous impacts on several areas of society: people’s psychological well-being and the health-care system, as well as social, economic, cultural, technological, environmental and political dimensions. Whether they occur alone or interact, these dimensions add varying levels of complexity to the tourism system. In response, the tourism industry can adopt a resilience model as a crisis management tool to address disruptive events affecting this field.Research limitations/implicationsAs this paper is mainly theoretical, future empirical research will contribute to refining the findings and testing the usefulness of the proposed model.Practical implicationsThe paper looks at examples of successful and unsuccessful of COVID-19 outbreak management in various countries to analyse issues such as crisis management, resilience and tools for coping with the impacts of disruptive events.Originality/valueThis theoretical paper proposes a first taxonomy of the multidimensional impacts of twenty-first-century disruptive events on tourism and dissects the phases of crisis management, with a corresponding conceptual model.
Evaluation of an online education module designed to reduce stillbirth
Authors: Andrews Christine , Meredith Natasha , Seeho Sean , Weller Megan , Griffin Alison , Ellwood David , Middleton Philippa , Jennings Belinda , Flenady Vicki 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe Safer Baby Bundle (SBB) eLearning is an online education module that addresses practice gaps in stillbirth prevention in Australia. It provides healthcare professionals with evidence‐based resources for: smoking cessation; fetal growth restriction; decreased fetal movements; maternal safe going‐to‐sleep position; and timing of birth for women with risk factors for stillbirth.AimsTo determine whether participants’ reported knowledge and confidence in providing care designed to reduce stillbirth changed following completion of the module. To assess the module’s suitability and acceptability, and participants’ reported likelihood to change practice.Materials and methodsIn‐built surveys undertaken pre‐ and post‐eLearning module assessed participant knowledge and confidence, module suitability and acceptability, and likelihood of practice change using Likert items. Responses were dichotomised. Differences pre‐ and post‐module were tested using McNemar’s test and differences by profession were examined using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s χ2 test.ResultsBetween 15 October 2019 and 2 November 2020, 5223 participants across Australia were included. Most were midwives (82.0%), followed by student midwives (4.6%) and obstetricians (3.3%). Reported knowledge and confidence improved in all areas (P < 0.001). Post‐module 96.7–98.9% ‘agreed’ they had a sound level of knowledge and confidence across all elements of the SBB. Over 95% of participants agreed that the module was helpful and relevant, well organised, and easy to access and use. Eighty‐eight percent reported they were likely to change some aspect of their clinical practice.ConclusionsThe SBB eLearning module is a valuable education program that is well‐received and likely to result in improvements in practice.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association between paediatric obesity and telomere length
Authors: Lin Li , Qin Kang , Chen Dezhong , Lu Ciyong , Chen Weiqing , Guo Vivian Yawei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess the association between paediatric obesity and telomere length.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature search for original studies assessing the associations between obesity and telomere length in children. Fixed or random effects with inverse‐variance meta‐analysis were used to estimate the standardised mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) between overweight or obese and normal‐weight children. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, and meta‐regression analyses were used to evaluate the potential source of heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was further conducted by sex.ResultsA total of 11 studies were included. The meta‐analysis showed that children who were overweight or obese had shorter telomere length than normal‐weight children (SMD: −0.85; 95% CI: −1.42 to −0.28; p < 0.01). However, significant heterogeneity was present (I2 = 97%; p < 0.01). Study design, methods used for measuring telomere length, tissue types, mean age, and percentage of boys were not the source of heterogeneity revealed by meta‐regression analysis. The inverse trend was significant only in boys, but not in girls.ConclusionThere was a negative association between paediatric obesity and telomere length. Weight control in children might have beneficial effect on telomere length.
Around the world in 500 years: Inter‐regional spread of alien species over recent centuries
Authors: Seebens Hanno , Blackburn Tim M. , Hulme Philip E. , van Kleunen Mark , Liebhold Andrew M. , Orlova‐Bienkowskaja Marina , Pyšek Petr , Schindler Stefan , Essl Franz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimThe number of alien species has been increasing for centuries world‐wide, but temporal changes in the dynamics of their inter‐regional spread remain unclear. Here, we analyse changes in the rate and extent of inter‐regional spread of alien species over time and how these dynamics vary among major taxonomic groups.LocationGlobal.Time period1500–2010.Major taxa studiedVascular plants, mammals, birds, fishes, arthropods and other invertebrates.MethodsOur analysis is based on the Alien Species First Record Database, which comprises >60,000 entries describing the year when an alien species was first recorded in a region (mostly countries and large islands) where it later established as an alien species. Based on the number and distribution of first records, we calculated metrics of spread between regions, which we termed “inter‐regional spread”, and conducted statistical analyses to assess variations over time and across taxonomic groups.ResultsAlmost all (>90%) species introduced before 1700 are found in more than one region today. Inter‐regional spread often took centuries and is ongoing for many species. The intensity of inter‐regional spread increased over time, with particularly steep increases after 1800. Rates of spread peaked for plants in the late 19th century, for birds and invertebrates in the late 20th century, and remained largely constant for mammals and fishes. Inter‐regional spread for individual species showed hump‐shaped temporal patterns, with the highest rates of spread at intermediate alien range sizes. Approximately 50% of widespread species showed signs of declines in spread rates.Main conclusionsOur results show that, although rates of spread have declined for many widespread species, for entire taxonomic groups they have tended to increase continuously over time. The large numbers of alien species that are currently observed in only a single region are anticipated to be found in many other regions in the future.
Few changes shown in cancer information‐seeking behaviour among young adults in China between 2012 and 2017
Authors: Jiang Shaohai , Liu Piper Liping 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe increasing incidence of cancer among young adults (18–40 years old) is of concern in China.ObjectivesThis study aims to examine the influence of cancer information‐seeking behaviours (CISB) on young adults’ worries about cancer and participation in screening.MethodsThis study analysed data from two probability sample surveys conducted in 2012 and 2017 in China. The questions in the questionnaire remained the same for better comparison. The sample size was 1212 in the 2012 survey, and 2178 in the 2017 survey.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2017, among young adults, there was a decline in cancer information seeking, diversity of cancer information sought and cancer worry, while an improvement in cancer information‐seeking experience was found. Also, CISB had significant associations with cancer worry and health screening over the 5 years.DiscussionThe level of young adults’ cancer information seeking remains low in China, and this group is not fully aware of their potential risks of getting cancer.ConclusionAlthough young adults find the experience of looking for cancer information easier in 2017, health campaigns may be necessary to encourage young adults to find out more about their cancer risks, and to participate more in health screening.
Should we be concerned about incomplete taxon sampling when assessing the evolutionary history of regional biotas?
Authors: Molina‐Venegas Rafael , Lima Herlander 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRegion‐specific phylogenies are increasingly used in biogeography and macroecology. However, there is debate as to whether incomplete taxon sampling inherent in these phylogenies can bias divergence time estimations. Here, we draw on a global genus‐level plant phylogeny and 345 regional phylogenies derived from the global tree to fill in this gap of knowledge. Genus ages as obtained from the regional phylogenies were significantly older than those extracted from the global tree across all regions, yet the correlation between both types of ages was overall high, particularly in taxon‐rich regions. Thus, comparing divergence time estimates from taxon‐rich regional phylogenies within regions and in a relative manner seems reasonable. However, comparisons among regional biotas could be misleading if taxon ages are inferred from their respective regional phylogenies because differences in divergence times between the biotas may appear greater than they are regardless of taxon richness.
Shift work sleep disorder is closely associated with an increased risk for periodontal disease
Authors: Park Jung Soo , Jeong Yujin , Jung Junho , Ryu Jae‐Jun , Lim Ho‐Kyung , Jung Seok‐Ki , Song In‐Seok 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the association between work patterns and periodontal disease.Materials and methodsData were collected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007 and 2012, and data from 22,508 subjects aged ≥19 years were included. An individual's work pattern was classified as either daytime or shift work. Sleep duration was categorized into three ranges: ≤5, 6–8, and ≥9 h/day. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for CPI (Community Periodontal Index) ≥3. The CONTRAST statement was used to show the interaction effect of work patterns and sleep duration.ResultsThe adjusted OR of shift work was 2.168 (CI: 1.929–2.438, p < .0001). Participants who sleep ≤5 or ≥9 h/day showed ORs 0.735 and 0.663, respectively (p = .0181). Interaction effect analysis revealed that the work pattern had a strong influence on periodontal condition when combined with the sleep amount. Shift workers with ≤5 or ≥ 9 h of sleep showed significantly increased ORs for CPI ≥3 (2.1406 and 2.3251, respectively, p < .0001). The ORs for daytime workers were comparable to the original values (≤5: 0.7348, p = .0292; ≥9: 0.6633, p = .0428).ConclusionAltered sleep patterns caused by shift work have more influence on periodontal disease than sleep duration.
Clinical relevance of serum electrolytes in dogs and cats with acute heart failure: A retrospective study
Authors: Roche‐Catholy Marine , Van Cappellen Iris , Locquet Laurent , Broeckx Bart J. G. , Paepe Dominique , Smets Pascale 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundHypochloremia is a strong negative prognostic factor in humans with congestive heart failure (CHF), but the implications of electrolyte abnormalities in small animals with acute CHF are unclear.ObjectivesTo document electrolyte abnormalities present upon admission of small animals with acute CHF, and to assess the relationship between electrolyte concentrations and diuretic dose, duration of hospitalization and survival time.AnimalsForty‐six dogs and 34 cats with first onset of acute CHF.MethodsRetrospective study. The associations between electrolyte concentrations and diuretic doses were evaluated with Spearman rank correlation coefficients. Relationship with duration of hospitalization and survival were assessed by simple linear regression and Cox proportional hazard regression, respectively.ResultsThe most commonly encountered electrolyte anomaly was hypochloremia observed in 24% (9/46 dogs and 10/34 cats) of cases. In dogs only, a significant negative correlation was identified between serum chloride concentrations at admission (median 113 mmol/L [97‐125]) and furosemide doses both at discharge (median 5.2 mg/kg/day [1.72‐9.57]; r = −0.59; P < .001) and at end‐stage heart failure (median 4.7 mg/kg/day [2.02‐7.28]; r = −0.62; P = .005). No significant hazard ratios were found for duration of hospitalization nor survival time for any of the electrolyte concentrations.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe observed association between serum chloride concentrations and diuretic doses suggests that hypochloremia could serve as a marker of disease severity and therapeutic response in dogs with acute CHF.
Radiographic outcome of secondary alveolar bone grafting in patients with alveolar clefts
Authors: Stonehouse‐Smith Daniel , Beale Victoria , Bellardie Haydn 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the outcome of secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) in a series of consecutive patients with clefts involving the alveolus.Design and SettingRetrospective cohort study of consecutive operations performed between June 2011 and September 2016 by a single surgeon at a single United Kingdom cleft center.ParticipantsA total of 160 patients with a cleft/s involving the alveolus, inclusive of syndromic patients and those with atypical facial clefts.InterventionsA standard protocol involved an oral hygiene program, pre‐surgical orthodontics where necessary and autologous bone grafting from the iliac crest.Main Outcome Measure(s)The Kindelan bone‐fill index was used to evaluate success using occlusal radiographs. Weighted Cohen's kappa coefficient was used as a measure of intra‐ and inter‐rater agreement. Fisher's exact test was used to examine the effects of type of cleft, pre‐surgical orthodontics or age at time of SABG on radiographic outcome.ResultsThere were 200 SABGs assessed. Mean age at time of SABG was 9.1 years old (SD 1.1) with 99% (n = 198) of grafts deemed successful. There were two failures where re‐graft was performed successfully during the study period. A grade 1 outcome was achieved for 92.5% (n = 185) of grafts and this did not appear to be affected by type of cleft (P = .290), pre‐surgical orthodontics (P = .380) or age at time of SABG (P = .081).ConclusionsThe high success rate reported in this study supports the favorable outcomes of a high‐volume cleft surgeon. These findings can be used for comparative audit with similar units providing cleft care.
Snapping thumb: a rare case of stenosing tenosynovitis of the extensor pollicis longus tendon
Authors: Lund Andrea , Hanberg Pelle , Foldager-Jensen Anders Ditlev , Stilling Maiken 
Published: June 2021

Tenosynovitis of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) is rarely reported in patients without rheumatoid arthritis but may lead to thumb snapping as a consequence of EPL stenosing tenosynovitis.This case presents painful thumb snapping that developed after a wrist trauma and repetitive loading. Ultrasound and MRI were used as diagnostic tools, before surgical release of the EPL in the third extensor compartment was performed. Neither EPL tenosynovitis nor thumb snapping were found at follow-up.
Can18F-FDG PET/CT predict EGFR status in patients with non-small cell lung cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Du Bulin , Wang Shu , Cui Yan , Liu Guanghui , Li Xuena , Li Yaming 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the diagnostic significance of18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT for predicting the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesThe PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library databases were searched from the earliest available date to December 2020.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesThe review included primary studies that compared the mean maximum of standard uptake value (SUVmax) between wild-type and mutantEGFR, and evaluated the diagnostic value of18F-FDG PET/CT using SUVmaxfor prediction ofEGFRstatus in patients with NSCLC.Data extraction and synthesisThe main analysis was to assess the sensitivity and specificity, the positive diagnostic likelihood ratio (DLR+) and DLR−, as well as the diagnostic OR (DOR) of SUVmaxin prediction ofEGFRmutations. Each data point of the summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) graph was derived from a separate study. A random effects model was used for statistical analysis of the data, and then diagnostic performance for prediction was further assessed.ResultsAcross 15 studies (3574 patients), the pooled sensitivity for18F-FDG PET/CT was 0.70 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.79) with a pooled specificity of 0.59 (95% CI 0.52 to 0.66). The overall DLR+ was 1.74 (95% CI 1.49 to 2.03) and DLR− was 0.50 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.65). The pooled DOR was 3.50 (95% CI 2.37 to 5.17). The area under the SROC curve was 0.68 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.72). The likelihood ratio scatter plot based on average sensitivity and specificity was in the lower right quadrant.ConclusionMeta-analysis results showed18F-FDG PET/CT had low pooled sensitivity and specificity. The low DOR and the likelihood ratio scatter plot indicated that18F-FDG PET/CT should be used with caution when predictingEGFRmutations in patients with NSCLC.