bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EARTH MEDICINE
Authors: Kadam Seema 
Published: February 2021

Today the grief of mother is well known. The elements holding it - water, vegetation, sky and air, are gasping due to the smoke emanating from the chimneys of development.The greedy tongue of landmassification has introduced all these elements in the market in beautiful packing as a commodity of trade. Due to the reduction of these four, the fifth organ, Agni, has surrounded the entire earth from inside to outside. Because of which everything has started to heat up inside and outside the earth. That is why under the guise of 'Earth Days', distant relatives of UN-type earth keep peeping the earth lying on the dialyses in the ICU from the rooms of glass. The United Nations has recently published a 'Millennium Environmental Assessment', sitting on a thermometer leaning in worry like distant relatives from Earth's fever.
आज धरती माॅं का दुःख सर्वविदित है। उसे संभाले रखने वाले तत्व-जल, वनस्पति,आकाश और वायु, विकास की चिमनियों से निकलने वाले धुएं के कारण हांप रहे हैं ।भू-मण्डलीकरण की लालची जीभ ने इन सभी तत्वों को बाजार में सुन्दर पैकिंग में भर व्यापार की वस्तु के रूप में पेश कर दिया है । इन चारों के कम होने से पाॅंचवे अंग यानी अग्नि ने आज पूरी धरती को भीतर-बाहर से घेर लिया है । जिसके कारण धरती का भीतर-बाहर सब तपने लगा है । इसीलिए ‘पृथ्वी दिवसों’ की आड़ में संयुक्त राष्ट्र टाइप धरती के दूर के रिश्तेदार आईसीयू में डाॅयलिसिस पर लेटी धरती को शीशों के कमरों से झांकते रहते हैं । धरती के बुखार से दूर के रिश्तेदारों की तरह चिंता में दुबले हो रहे थर्मामीटर लेकर बैठे संयुक्त राष्ट्र ने हाल ही में ‘सहस्त्राब्दि का पर्यावरण आकलन’ छापा है ।
NEW DIMENSIONS OF FARMING: COMPROMISE AGRICULTURE
Authors: Kesharwani Harish 
Published: February 2021

The major issue is the improvement and development of agriculture as a result of increasing population, changing lifestyles, commercialization of agricultural products as well as seasonal variability, changes in production trend and agricultural inequality. Regardless of the extent of human development, but its supply will be either from the ground or its processing. Changes in the agricultural system can also be seen as a result of all kinds of changes in the context of agriculture. Also, the world's population is increasing rapidly and in the context of India, it is a fact that it is the second most populous country in the world, by 2030 it will overtake China to become the world's most populous country. Also, the population of India increases by 2 crore people every year, for which the demand for bread, cloth, house demand also increases.
बढ़ती जनसंख्या, बदलती जीवन शैली, कृषिगत उत्पादों का व्यवासायीकरण के साथ साथ मौसमी परिवर्तनशीलता, उत्पादन प्रवृत्ति मे बदलाव और कृषिगत विषमता के परिणाम स्वरूप सबसे प्रमुख मुददा कृषि के सुधार और विकास का है। मानव अपने विकास की चाहे जो सीमा निर्धारित कर ले परंतु उसकी उदरपूर्ति जमीन से उगे आनाज या उसके प्रसंस्करण से ही होगी। कृषि के संदर्भ मे तमाम प्रकार के बदलावों के परिणाम स्वरूप कृषि प्रणाली मे भी बदलाव देखे जा सकते हैं। साथ ही विश्व की जनसंख्या तेजी के साथ बढ़ रही है तथा भारत के संदर्भ मे यह तथ्य है कि यह विश्व की दूसरी सर्वाधिक जनंख्या वाला देश है जो 2030 तक यह चीन को पीछे छोड़ते हुए विश्व की सर्वाधिक आबादी वाला देश हो जाएगा। साथ ही भारत की आबादी मे प्रतिवर्ष 2 करोड़ लोग बढ़ जाते है जिनकी आवश्यकता हेतु रोटी, कपड़ा, मकान की माॅग मे भी वृद्धि होती जाती है।
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND HINDUISM
Authors: Kothari Mamta 
Published: February 2021

Under the environment, air, water, vegetation, plants, animals, humans all come. In nature, all these quantities and their composition are arranged in such a way that a balanced life continues on the earth. For the last few years, ever since the Earth came into being as animal, animal and other bacterial consumers, this cycle of nature has been going on continuously and smoothly. Whatever is needed and is getting from nature and nature preserves it by producing more in itself. If we observe human history, five hundred and seven hundred years ago, man was close to nature. The food he got from nature was normal, it was his happy life, when water and air were safe. But gradually the change took place with time and the desire of man to live happily increased. With the advancement of science man began to interfere with the natural cycle. The effect of this was that the items of the primary needs of human beings began to lack water, air and food. The immense reserves of nature started decreasing day by day and the word pollution emerged. There was a need for environmental protection.
पर्यावरण के अन्तर्गत वायु जल भूमि वनस्पति पेड़ पौधे, पशु मानव सब आते है । प्रकृति में इन सबकी मात्रा और इनकी रचना कुछ इस प्रकार व्यवस्थित है कि पृथ्वी पर एक संतुलनमय जीवन चलता रहे । विगत करोंड़ांे वर्षो से जब से पृथ्वी मनुष्य पशुपक्षी और अन्य जीव-जीवाणु उपभोक्ता बनकर आये तब से, प्रकृति का यह चक्र निरंतर और अबाध गति से चल रहा है । जिसको जितनी आवष्यकता है व प्रकृति से प्राप्त कर रहा है और प्रकृति आगे के लिये अपने में और उत्पन्न करके संरक्षित कर लेती है । मानव इतिहास का अवलोकन करे तो आज से पंाॅच सौ सात सौ वर्ष पूर्व मनुष्य प्रकृति के समीप था । प्रकृति से मिले भोजन पर सामान्य आश्रित था , वह उसका सुखमय जीवन था, जब जल वायु निरापद थे । लेकिन धीरे-धीरे समय के साथ परिवर्तन हुवा और मनुष्य मंे सुखमय जीने की लालसा में वृद्धि हुई । विज्ञान की प्रगति के साथ मनुष्य ने प्राकृतिक चक्र में हस्तक्षेप करना शुरू कर दिया । इसका दूष्प्रभाव यह हुवा कि मनुष्य की प्राथमिक आवष्यकताओं की वस्तुऐं जल, वायु भोजन का अभाव होने लगा । प्रकृति के अपार भण्डार दिन प्रतिदिन कम होने लगे और प्रदुषण शब्द का उदय हुवा । पर्यावरण संरक्षण की आवष्यकता होने लगी ।
ROLE OF SOCIETY IN CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND SOCIAL, MEDICINAL VALUE
Authors: Sharma Ranjana 
Published: February 2021

The objective of the World Nature Fund India has always been that we participate in sustainable and equitable development with the protection of nature and environment. 1Contamination occurs as long as external substances come into our environment. Initially it is in small quantities, causing human harm to a level until it falls into the category of contamination, but as soon as this limit is violated, it becomes pollution rather than contamination.In the Hindu scripture "Varaha Purana" it is said that the five Mahayagas are the benefactors of trees. They treat planets by giving them shade and rest to fuel pilgrims, birds to nests and medicine to all living beings with leaves, roots and ulcers.
विश्व प्रकृति निधि भारत का हमेशा ही यह उद्देश्य रहा है कि हम प्रकृति और पर्यावरण संरक्षण के साथ दीर्घकालिक तथा न्याय संगत विकास करने में सहभागी बनें।1जब तक हमारे पर्यावरण में बाह्य पदार्थ आकर मिलते हैं संदृषण होता है। प्रारम्भ में यह अल्प मात्रा में होता है, जिससे एक स्तर तक मनुष्य को कोई हानि नहीं पहुँचती तब तक यह संदूषण की श्रेणी में, लेकिन जैसे ही इस सीमा का उल्लंघन होता है तो यह दूषण संदूषण न रहकर प्रदूषण बन जाता है। हिन्दू धर्म ग्रन्थ ‘‘वाराह पुराण’’ में लिखा है कि वृक्षों के उपकार पाँच महायज्ञ हैं। वे ग्रहस्थों को ईंधन पथिकों को छाया तथा विश्राम, पक्षियों को घोंसले तथा पत्ते, जड़ एवं छालों से सारे जीवों को औषधि देकर उनका उपचार करते हैं।
PENTINGNYA PENGEMBANGAN KEBIJAKAN PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENYULUH KEHUTANAN DALAM ADAPTASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM
Authors: Wulandari Christine 
Published: February 2021

Penerbitan Undang Undang Pemerintahan Daerah (Nomor 23 Tahun 2014) ternyata banyak berdampak pada tata kelola sumberdaya alam termasuk sumberdaya hutan dalam mendukung pengelolaan yang lestari. Dampak yang tampak nyata dan masih harus terus ditingkatkan efektifitasnya hingga saat ini adalah perubahan kelembagaan pengelola sumberdaya hutan termasuk sumberdaya yang ada didalamnya, baik di dinas kehutanan maupun lembaga penyuluhnya. Kurang efektifnya lembaga penyuluh akan berpengaruh terhadap optimalisasi capaian sosialisasi dan distribusi program kehutanan kepada masyarakat, termasuk program adaptasi perubahan iklim. Hal ini terjadi, salah satunya karena belum ada landasan kebijaksanaan yang akan menjamin adanya suatu program secara berkelanjutan di suatu wilayah. Di KPH Batutegi diperlukan adanya kebijakan pengembangan kapasitas yang intensif dan terstruktur tentang adaptasi perubahan iklim terhadap penyuluh karena diketahui minimnya pemahaman si penyuluh juga masyarakat akan berpengaruh terhadap efektifitas pelaksanaan program adaptasi perubahan iklim.
Understanding Primary Curriculum from Philosophical Perspectives
Authors: Ranjitkar Kiran Ram 
Published: February 2021

This paper is an attempt to understand philosophy / ideology hidden behind the present primary education curriculum of Nepal. The study was based on analysis of written curriculum published by Government of Nepal, Curriculum Development Center, Sanothimi. I applied the conceptual content analysis approach for the purpose of this study. My literature review consisted of general philosophies namely idealism, naturalism, realism, pragmatism and existentialism and also educational philosophies such as perennialism, essentialism, progressivism and reconstructionism. Although the study focused on four elements, namely objectives, contents, teaching learning activities and evaluation process of curriculum, I made a brief analysis of aim, and contents of primary level as a whole. The current primary education curriculum is the mix of more than on philosophies emphasizing traditional ones, perennialism, and essentialism. I found negligible importance is given to critical components of learning therefore this component should be given more importance.
The morphohistology and fine anatomy of the olfactory organ in pabda catfish, Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch, 1794)
Authors: Ghosh Saroj Kumar 
Published: February 2021

The organization of the olfactory system in Ompok bimaculatus (Siluriformes: Siluridae) were investigated by histological and ultrastructural analysis. The nasal chamber was totally engrossed by a boat shaped elongated olfactory rosette with numerous lamella. Histomicroscopically, each lamella was comprised of central core bounded on both sides by the cellular elements of olfactory epithelium. The central core was composed of thick connective tissue, nerve fibres and blood capillaries. The cellular components of the olfactory epithelium were identified based on their staining vigour, architecture, structural characteristics and surface features. The sensory epithelium contained morphologically recognizable ciliated, microvillous and rod receptor neurons. Labyrinth cells, scattered lymphatic cells, secretory mucous cells, stratified epithelial cells bearing microfolds and condensed ciliated supporting cells were observed in the indifferent epithelia. The basal cells were submerged in the deeper zone of mucosa above the basal lamina. Different sensory and nonsensory cells of the olfactory lining were associated with chemical stimulation of the fish studied. This species acquires a well developed olfactory sense for exploring the aquatic environment and able to determine the chemical changes in the surroundings.
PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DI PESANTREN
Authors: Rasyid Mahmudah 
Published: February 2021

Pembelajaran multikultural pada dasarnya adalah sistem pembelajaran yang dirancang untuk menciptakan masyarakat yang terinformasi dan terpelajar, bukan masyarakat umum yang menghindari faktor sosial dan budaya yang ada. Pesantren sebagai organisasi pendidikan yang memiliki sisi alternatif dalam menyelesaikan siklus pembelajarannya, yang terletak pada kerangka kerja yang dijalankan antara lain mempersepsikan keberagaman (majemuk, menghargai kesetaraan/keseimbangan, menciptakan ketahanan, dan menghargai kualitas kemanusiaan. Model yang diterapkan pesantren dalam pembelajaran multikultural antar siswa variatif. Pemikiran dan pengalaman seorang kyai tentang Islam yang komprehensif, moderat, berpikiran terbuka, dan bersahabat telah membawa pesantren dan dan pengikutnya menjadi Islam yang rahmatan lil'alamin, bukan Islam yang radikal dan tidak terikat terhadap penganut agama yang berbeda dan kebudayaan yang telah ada. kehidupan yang tercipta di sekitar pesantren. Pengajaran multikultural tidak secara eksplisit diberikan sebagai mata pelajaran atau studi kajian secara spesifik, namun melalui berbagai kesempatan dan latihan dalam pesantren.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Low Back Pain (LBP) : Systematic Review
Authors: Sahara Ricca , R P Terry Yuliana 
Published: February 2021

Low Back Pain (LBP) merupakan gangguan musculoskeletal yang dapat diakibatkan oleh aktivitas tubuh yang kurang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor risiko dari LBP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Review. Hasil telaah sistematis menunjukan bahwa terdapat 21 penelitian di tahun 2010 hingga 2020. Jumlah sampel yang diteliti dari masing-masing artikel berkisar antara 30-600 orang dan semuanya merupakan data primer. Desain penelitian sebagian besar menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian LBP diantaranya faktor umur, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), lama kerja, posisi kerja, masa kerja, repetisi, beban kerja, merokok, stress, aktivitas fisik dan riwayat penyakit. Kesimpulannya adalah faktor yang paling berpengaruh yaitu posisi kerja. Posisi kerja yang janggal atau kurang baik akan meningkatkan jumlah energi yang dibutuhkan untuk bekerja sehingga dapat menimbulkan kelelahan.
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) for Detection of Various Organisms: A Review
Authors: Akram Arifa 
Published: February 2021

Disease diagnosis is important for implementation of proper therapeutic and prophylactic measures. Traditionally, disease diagnosis was depends upon isolation and identification of the causative organisms. This was followed by serology and after that molecular method. Molecular tests are valuable when early diagnosis is important. For this purpose, nucleic acid amplification (PCR, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, self-sustained sequence replication, strand displacement amplification) is one of the most valuable tools not only for the diagnosis of infectious diseases but also used in advanced level research. The Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) is a unique nucleic acid amplification technique for diagnosis of various pathogens introduced at 2000 by Notomi and his colleagues which is simple, easy, rapid and cost effective when compared to PCR due to its high specificity, sensitivity, and rapidity. It uses a set of six primers and a DNA polymerase with stranddisplacement activity. Major advantage of LAMP method is its cost-effectiveness as it can be done simply by using waterbath or heating block.
Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2017; 11 (2): 20-27
Penentuan Centroid Awal Pada Algoritma K-Means Dengan Dynamic Artificial Chromosomes Genetic Algorithm Untuk Tuberculosis Dataset
Authors: Mursalim Mursalim , Purwanto Purwanto , Soeleman M Arief 
Published: February 2021

Data merupakan hal penting diera sekarang begitu juga dengan metode data mining yang dapat mengekstraksi data menghasilkan informasi. Klastering 1 dari 5 peran data mining yang berfungsi untuk mengelompokkan data berdasarkan tingkat kemiripan dan jarak minimum. Algoritma K-Means termasuk algoritma yang populer banyak digunakan diberbagai bidang seperti bidang pendidikan, kesehatan, sosial, biologi, ilmu komputer. Seringkali metode K-Means dikombinasikan dengan metode optimasi seperti algoritma genetika untuk mengatasi permasalah pada K-Means yaitu sensitif dalam penentuan centroid awal .Namun metode algoritma genetika memiliki kekurangan yaitu mengalamai konvergen prematur sehingga hasil dari algorima genetika terjebak pada optimum lokal. Penelitian ini mengkombinasikan dynamic artificial cromosomes genetic algorithm dengan K-Means dalam menentukan nilai centroid awal pada k-means. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa metode DAC GA + K-Means lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan K-Means dan GA + K-Means pada 2 dataset yang diuji dengan optimal nilai klaster sebanyak 2 dan 1 dataset sebanyak 3 klaster. Metode tersebut perolehan nilai DBI sebesar 0.138, 0.279 serta 0.382, nilai Sum Square Error sebesar 92.56, 332,39 dan 1280.68 serta nilai fitness yang tebentuk adalah 7.12, 3.57 dan 2.13.
Serum S100 Protein Is a Reliable Predictor of Brain Injury After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Cohort Study
Authors: Kleissner Martin , Sramko Marek , Kohoutek Jan , Kautzner Josef , Kettner Jiri 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To evaluate serum S100 protein at hospital admission and after 48 h in early neuroprognostication of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Methods: The study included 48 consecutive patients after OHCA, who survived for at least 72 h after the event. The patients were divided based on their best cerebral performance category (CPC) achieved over a 30 day follow-up period: favorable neurological outcome (CPC 1–2) vs. unfavorable neurological outcome (CPC 3–4). Predictors of an unfavorable neurological outcome were identified by multivariable regression analysis. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to determine the cut-off value for S100, having a 0% false-positive prediction rate.Results: Of the 48 patients, 30 (63%) had a favorable and 18 (38%) had an unfavorable neurological outcome. Eleven patients (23%) died over the 30 day follow-up. Increased S100 levels at 48 h after OHCA, but not the baseline S100 levels, were independently associated with unfavorable neurological outcome, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.85 (confidence interval 0.74–0.96). A 48 h S100 value ≥0.37 μg/L had a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 39% in predicting an unfavorable 30 day neurological outcome.Conclusion: This study showed that S100 values assessed 48 h after an OHCA could independently predict an unfavorable neurological outcome at 30 days.
The 2002–2005 Changbaishan Volcanic Unrest Triggered by the 2002 M 7.2 Wangqing Deep Focus Earthquake
Authors: Liu Guoming , Li Chenyu , Peng Zhigang , Liu Yinan , Zhang Yu , Liu Dongyang , Zhang Maoliang , Pan Bo 
Published: February 2021

One of the most active intraplate volcanoes in East Asia, Changbaishan volcano experienced unrest from July 2002 to July 2005. On 2002/06/28, the M 7.2 Wangqing deep-focus earthquake occurred ∼290 km northeast of Changbaishan volcano. While some studies have suggested a possible triggering relationship, the physical mechanism of such distant interaction is still not well understood. Using a template matching technique, which cross-correlates waveform of known events with continuous data, we perform systematic detection of microseismic events recorded by station CBS near Changbaishan volcano from July 1999 to July 2007. The detected earthquakes can be further categorized into three different types: volcano-tectonic (VT) events, long-period (LP) events and harmonic-spectra (HS) events. We detect 3763 VT events between July 2002 and July 2007. The intense VT earthquake swarm during the period from July 2002 to July 2005, along with recurring LPs and HSs and other geodetic/geochemical evidence, suggest magma movement during unrest. Compared with the hand-picked catalogue, the catalogue obtained by template matching technique reveals a delayed-triggering relationship between Wangqing deep-focus earthquake and unrest. The small magnitudes of the VT events and the limited numbers of LP and HS events suggest that the Wangqing mainshock likely triggered bubble excitation in the mid-crust magma system, resulting in overpressure and a small magma injection into the shallow magma chamber at a depth of ∼5 km, leading to the 3-years unrest.
Titrating Growth Hormone Dose to High-Normal IGF-1 Levels Has Beneficial Effects on Body Fat Distribution and Microcirculatory Function Despite Causing Insulin Resistance
Authors: van Bunderen Christa C. , Meijer Rick I. , Lips Paul , Kramer Mark H. , Serné Erik H. , Drent Madeleine L. 
Published: February 2021

To clarify the mechanism underlying the described U-shaped relation of both low and high levels of IGF-1 with cardiovascular disease this study explores the effect of decreasing and increasing growth hormone dose in GH deficient adults on (micro)vascular function, body composition and insulin resistance. In this randomized clinical trial, thirty-two subjects receiving GH therapy with an IGF-1 concentration between −1 and 1 SD score (SDS) for at least one year were randomized to receive either a decrease (IGF-1 target level of −2 to −1 SDS) or an increase of their daily GH dose (IGF-1 target level of 1 to 2 SDS) for a period of 24 weeks. Microvascular endothelium (in)dependent vasodilatation and vasomotion, vascular stiffness by pulse wave analysis, and HOMA-IR were measured. At the end of the study 30 subjects (65.6% men, mean age 46.6 (SD 9.9) years) were analyzed. There was a favorable effect of increasing the IGF-1 level on waist circumference compared to decreasing the IGF-1 level (p=0.05), but a detrimental effect on insulin resistance (p=0.03). Decreasing IGF-1 level significantly lowered the endothelial domain of vasomotion (p=0.03), whereas increasing IGF-1 level increased the contribution of the neurogenic domain (p=0.05). This change was related to the favorable change in waist circumference. In conclusion, increasing IGF-1 levels was beneficial for body composition but detrimental with respect to insulin resistance. The contribution of the neurogenic vasomotion domain increased in parallel, and could be explained by the favorable change in waist circumference.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01877512.
Methylphenidate for Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Exploratory 3-Day, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Press Yan , Punchik Boris , Kagan Ella , Berzak Alexander , Freud Tamar , Dwolatzky Tzvi 
Published: February 2021

Background: To evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of methylphenidate (MPH) for cognitive function in older patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods: Male and female subjects aged 65 years and older with a clinical diagnosis MCI were included in an exploratory randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eligible subjects were assigned to either treatment with immediate-release MPH or placebo. The active compound was administered in an increasing-dose stepwise fashion, namely 10 mg MPH on day 1, 20 mg on day 2, and 30 mg on day 3. Subjects remained under observation for 4 h following drug administration and were monitored for changes in blood pressure and for adverse events. Cognitive outcome measures included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Neurotrax Mindstreams computerized cognitive assessment battery.Results: Of 17 subjects enrolled, 15 subjects completed the study, 7 in the active MPH group and 8 in the placebo group. The average age of the participants was 76.1 ± 6.6 years and 10 (66.7%) were men. Following the final dose a significant benefit on memory (predominantly non-verbal memory) was found in the MPH group. While 12 adverse events were reported, they were all rated as mild to moderate.Conclusions: Our finding of modest beneficial effects of MPH on memory tests in older subjects with MCI in this exploratory study is of interest and should be investigated in further studies.