bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy‐Efficient Biobutanol Recovery Process Using 1‐Heptanol Extraction
Authors: Oh Hyeon Woo , Lee Seong Chan , Woo Hee Chul , Han Kim Young 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBiobutanol is an attractive fuel, owing to its abundant lignocellulose utilization and the similarity of its physical properties to those of gasoline. Biobutanol recovery from its fermentation broth is crucial for large‐scale production because of the high costs involved. Extraction considerably reduces the energy demand for distillation, which is extensively used for its recovery. A new solvent, 1‐heptanol, was used for extraction in this study, and its thermodynamic model parameters were derived based on liquid‐liquid equilibrium data obtained via molecular simulations and experimental measurements. The results of the process design obtained with commercial design software indicated that the energy requirement was significantly lower than those of previously reported processes with comparable investments.
Time‐Resolved Spectroscopy and High‐Efficiency Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution of a {Mo3S4}‐Containing Polyoxometalate‐Based System
Authors: Smortsova Yevheniia , Falaise Clément , Fatima Anam , Ha‐Thi Minh‐Huong , Méallet‐Renault Rachel , Steenkeste Karine , Al‐Bacha Serge , Chaib Tesnim , Assaud Loïc , Lepeltier Marc , Haouas Mohamed , Leclerc Nathalie , Pino Thomas , Cadot Emmanuel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPolyoxothiometalate ions (ThioPOM) are active hydrogen‐evolution reaction (HER) catalysts based on modular assembly built from electrophilic clusters {MoSx} and vacant polyoxotungstates. Herein, the dumbbell‐like anion [{(PW11O39)Mo3S4(H2O)3(OH)}2]8− exhibits very high light‐driven HER activity, while the active cores {Mo3S4} do not contain any exposed disulfido ligands, which were suspected to be the origin of the HER activity. Moreover, in the catalyst architecture, the two central {Mo3S4} cores are sandwiched by two {PW11O39}7− subunits that act as oxidant‐resistant protecting groups and behave as electron‐collecting units. A detailed photophysical study was carried out confirming the reductive quenching mechanism of the photosensitizer [Ir(ppy)2(dtbbpy)]+ by the sacrificial donor triethanolamine (TEOA) and highlighting the very high rate constant of the electron transfer from the reduced photosensitizer to the ThioPOM catalyst. Such results provide new insights into the field of molecular catalytic systems able to promote high HER activity.
Mechanisms of Porous Carbon‐based Supercapacitors
Authors: Cao Yanming , Li Shengping , Xu Chenggen , Ma Xinlong , Huang Guoyong , Lu Chunxi , Li Zekun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSupercapacitors are electrochemical energy storage devices that function by the adsorption of ions from an electrolyte onto an electrode with a high surface area. Due to the advantages such as high‐power density and a longer life span, supercapacitors bearing nanoscale porous carbon‐based electrodes, have gained special interest. The high specific surface area of nano‐scale porous carbon‐based electrodes could substantially increase the energy density of supercapacitors. Here we review the research pertaining to the energy storage of supercapacitors and the mechanism regulating the microscopic energy storage within nanopores. The advantages and challenges of various in situ characterization techniques and simulation techniques in the energy storage mechanism were discussed. The effective combination of in situ characterization techniques and computer simulations has been highlighted since it provides a useful means to understand the intrinsic properties of the electrode/electrolyte interface and various physicochemical reactions that take place during charging/discharging. This understanding is valuable for the design and development of next‐generation supercapacitors with the high power density and high energy density.
An efficient multi‐swarm elephant herding optimization for solving community detection problem in complex environment
Authors: Belkhiri Youcef , Kamel Nadjet , Drias Habiba 
Published: September 2021

SummaryDetecting hiding communities is considered as a main topic in complex networks. In this article, we propose a multi‐swarm elephant herding optimization (EHO) algorithm to uncover community structures in complex environments. It adapts EHO algorithm to community detection problem. EHO algorithm relies on two procedures which are updating clan procedure and separating procedure. The main idea of our multi‐swarm approach is that the population is composed of a set of interacting clans. In each clan, a local search function is defined to determine best local individual called matriarch. Through updating clan procedure, the remaining individuals in the clan update their positions based on the matriarch position. In addition, to ensure significant individuals in the clan, a multi‐swarm cooperative algorithm is designed to implement separating procedure; clans interchange individuals to balance the exploration and exploitation abilities. A series of experiments are carried out on artificial and real networks. The results obtained by the proposed approach are better than the results obtained by some other approaches.
Quantity sensitive task allocation based on improved whale optimization algorithm in crowdsensing system
Authors: Jiang Weijin , Zhang Wanqing , Chen Pingping , Chen Junpeng , Sun Yongxia , Yang Ying 
Published: September 2021

SummaryWith the large‐scale popularity of mobile terminals, crowdsensing technology gradually replaces the existing static sensors with its advantages of high efficiency and low cost, becoming an emerging data collection method. How to assign perception tasks to the best performing users under the premise of ensuring quality and reducing costs to maximize the number of user tasks completed is the focus of the research on quantity sensitive task allocation. Based on this, a solution based on the improved whale optimization algorithm that combines the three operations of nonlinear decreasing convergence factor, optimal local jitter, and dynamic position update is put forward, which is used to solve the proposed task allocation problem. First, modeling the quantity sensitive task allocation problem, and then defining the spatial matching degree and skill matching degree according to the degree of adaptation between users and tasks. Taking into account the user's learning ability during the user's task execution, the skill update mechanism is introduced to update the user's existing skills in a timely manner, so as to improve task allocation effectiveness. Second, comprehensively considering the budget, the user's online time and the perceived task completion quality, and reasonably defining the task allocation problem that maximizes the number of tasks completed. In addition, from the perspective of selecting the best performing user for the task, designing a user selection strategy based on user's priority to reduce the cost of task allocation while ensuring the quality of the perceived task is basically completed. Then, in the process of solving the optimal task allocation plan, the improved algorithm is used to continuously optimize the initial task sequences of each iteration, and the final result can be obtained after a limited number of iterations. Finally, the improved algorithm is compared with other optimization algorithms in the same environment, and the results show that the improved algorithm has higher performance in solving task allocation problem.
Conceptualizing and enabling circular economy through integrated thinking
Authors: Barnabè Federico , Nazir Sarfraz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigates how companies can conceptualize and enable circular economy (CE) principles and opportunities through integrated reporting (IR) practices and, specifically, the principle of integrated thinking (IT). To this aim, the study carries out an interventionist research‐based case study about a small‐sized agri‐food company and applies Systems Thinking tools (namely a sub‐system diagram and a stock and flow diagram). The findings demonstrate that IR concepts played a performative role, favoring a better understanding of the business domain and of CE‐related activities and opportunities, also in the perspective of developing future strategies. Overall, the research suggests that IR and CE may be jointly used but more research and emphasis on the principle of IT, particularly to facilitate decision‐making, are recommended.
Population genetics of Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in the upper Athabasca River basin
Authors: Carroll Emma K. T. , Vamosi Steven M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFreshwater ecosystems are negatively impacted by a variety of anthropogenic stressors, with concomitant elevated rates of population decline for freshwater aquatic vertebrates. Because reductions in population size and extent can negatively impact genetic diversity and gene flow, which are vital for sustained local adaptation, it is important to measure these characteristics in threatened species that may yet be rescued from extinction. Across its native range, Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus) extent and abundance are in decline due to historic overharvest, invasive non‐native species, and habitat loss. In Alberta's Eastern Slope region, populations at the range margin have progressively been lost, motivating us to better understand the amount and distribution of genetic variation in headwater habitats and some downstream sites where they continue to persist. Across this region, we sampled 431 Bull Trout from 20 sites in the Athabasca and Saskatchewan River basins and assayed 10 microsatellite loci to characterize within‐ and among‐population genetic variation. The Saskatchewan and Athabasca River basins contained similar levels of heterozygosity but were differentiated from one another. Within the Athabasca River basin, five genetically differentiated clusters were found. Despite the evidence for genetic differentiation, we did not observe significant isolation‐by‐distance patterns among these sites. Our findings of ample genetic diversity and no evidence for hybridization with non‐native Brook Trout in headwater habitats provide motivation to ameliorate downstream habitats and remove anthropogenic barriers to connectivity towards the goal of long‐term persistence of this species.
Effectiveness of self‐myofascial release combined with biofeedback and electrical stimulation for the management of myofascial pelvic pain: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Jingyun , Chen Kai , Ding Bo , Zhu Mingyue , Yao Shanshan , Ren Mulan , Shen Yang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundMyofascial pelvic pain (MFPP) caused by myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) is a major contributor to chronic pelvic pain in women. However, the effect of the patient's self‐myofascial release (SMFR) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SMFR combined with biofeedback and electrical stimulation (BES) therapy in comparison with BES alone in patients with MFPP.MethodsA prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. Sixty‐eight patients were randomly allocated into BES‐SMFR group (n = 34) and BES group (n = 34). Every patient received 4 weeks of treatment, evaluated at baseline (T0), 4 weeks post‐intervention (T4) and 12‐week follow‐up (T12). The primary outcome was pain intensity. The secondary outcomes were degree of activation of MTrPs, surface electromyography (sEMG) levels and Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI‐I).ResultsCompared with the effect of BES, BES‐SMFR treatment significantly decreased pain intensity and the degree of activation of MTrPs in the levator ani (p = 0.02) and obturator internus (p = 0.03), as well as the sEMG levels of the pre‐test resting baseline and post‐test resting baseline (allp < 0.01). The degree of activation of MTrPs in the piriformis and coccygeus (allp > 0.05) and the sEMG levels of the quick flicks and endurance contraction were not significantly different. The BES‐SMFR treatment improved the PGI‐I scale at T4 (p = 0.02) but not at T12 (p = 0.40).ConclusionsThis study confirmed that the addition of SMFR to BES treatment resulted in superior outcomes compared with those with BES alone in patients with MFPP.Significance statementMyofascial pelvic pain (MFPP) is a major contributor of female chronic pelvic pain. Myofascial release has been used commonly for better pain release; however, poor therapeutic effect due to poor patient compliance is common in clinical practice. Therefore, in future research, there is a need to investigate the effect of patient's self‐myofascial release (SMFR) technique, which can eliminate the need for frequent office visits and improve patient compliance to some extent, in patients with MFPP.
Beyond comparisons: The complexity and context‐dependency of collective victim beliefs
Authors: Vollhardt Johanna Ray , Szabó Zsolt P. , McNeill Andrew , Hadjiandreou Eliana , Winiewski Mikołaj 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSocial psychological research on collective victimhood has focused on just a few ways in which people think about the ingroup's victimization that imply certain assumptions and limit our understanding of collective victim beliefs. Additionally, different historical and sociopolitical contexts may make different collective victim beliefs relevant. This article examines collective victim beliefs expressed in open‐ended survey responses among six different groups: Northern Irish participants, Greek Cypriots, Hungarians, Poles, Jewish Americans, and Armenian Americans (N = 638). Qualitative content analysis revealed five broader categories with several collective victim beliefs each. General appraisals of the ingroup's collective victimization entailed centrality of ingroup victimization versus defocusing victimhood. More specific appraisals included context‐specific characteristics of the ingroup's victimization, perceptions of the perpetrator group (attributions of blame), and perceptions of other victim groups (comparative victim beliefs, including rejecting comparisons). The findings extend and challenge commonly studied collective victim beliefs, and propose novel theoretical directions.
Applications of capillary electrophoresis for biopharmaceutical product characterization
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Guttman Andras , Rathore Anurag S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCapillary electrophoresis (CE), after being introduced several decades ago, has carved out a niche for itself in the field of analytical characterization of biopharmaceutical products. It does not only offer fast separation, high resolution in miniaturized format, but equally importantly represents an orthogonal separation mechanism to high‐performance liquid chromatography. Therefore, it is not surprising that CE‐based methods can be found in all major pharmacopoeias and are recommended for the analysis of biopharmaceutical products during process development, characterization, quality control, and release testing. Different separation formats of CE, such as capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, and capillary zone electrophoresis are widely used for size and charge heterogeneity characterization as well as purity and stability testing of therapeutic proteins. Hyphenation of CE with MS is emerging as a promising bioanalytical tool to assess the primary structure of therapeutic proteins along with any impurities. In this review, we confer the latest developments in capillary electrophoresis, used for the characterization of critical quality attributes of biopharmaceutical products covering the past 6 years (2015–2021). Monoclonal antibodies, due to their significant share in the market, have been given prioritized coverage.
Effects of Pangasius (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and Skipjack Tuna (Sarda orientalis) mince blend on the quality of fish products: Ways to utilize resources and nutrition in Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Md. Sazedul , Roy Shatabdi , Mukit Shihab Sharar , Rahman Md. Bokthier , Akter Shaida 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study was conducted with the aims of utilizing the resources and analyzing the quality of value‐added fish products, fish ball made from a fish mince blend of pangasius (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and skipjack tuna (Sarda orientalis) (ratios P100:T0, P75:T25, P50:T50, P25:T75, P0:T100), under two cooking processes (two‐step heating and autoclaving). The textural quality (softness/firmness [S/F]; chewiness/rubberiness [C/R]; and folding test [FT]) and the nutritional quality of the fish products were determined by the sensory method and AOAC method, respectively. The results showed that tuna had higher utilization than pangasius. The products from the washed fish mince blend showed better textural properties with two‐step heating (50℃ for 60 min and 100℃ for 30 min) than with autoclaving (120℃, 15Ib/Inc2 for 15 min) and unwashed process. Of the five fish mince blend ratios, P50:T50 showed significant higher textural properties (FT, S/F, and C/R values) than the other ratios (p < .05). Further improvements in textural qualities were observed when the mince blend was washed with different salt solutions (0.1% NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2). Whitish or bright color attributes were obtained from pangasius mince, which became darker proportionately with increasing proportions of tuna mince (p < .05). The texture, color, and nutritional quality of the fish products were affected by washing, heating, and the compositional differences in the fish species. Thus, value‐added fish products based on a fish mince blend could contribute to an increase in total resource utilization and nutritional security in Bangladesh.
A deep learning based approach identifies regions more relevant than resting‐state networks to the prediction of general intelligence from resting‐state fMRI
Authors: Hebling Vieira Bruno , Dubois Julien , Calhoun Vince D. , Garrido Salmon Carlos Ernesto 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPrediction of cognitive ability latent factors such as general intelligence from neuroimaging has elucidated questions pertaining to their neural origins. However, predicting general intelligence from functional connectivity limit hypotheses to that specific domain, being agnostic to time‐distributed features and dynamics. We used an ensemble of recurrent neural networks to circumvent this limitation, bypassing feature extraction, to predict general intelligence from resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging regional signals of a large sample (n = 873) of Human Connectome Project adult subjects. Ablating common resting‐state networks (RSNs) and measuring degradation in performance, we show that model reliance can be mostly explained by network size. Using our approach based on the temporal variance of saliencies, that is, gradients of outputs with regards to inputs, we identify a candidate set of networks that more reliably affect performance in the prediction of general intelligence than similarly sized RSNs. Our approach allows us to further test the effect of local alterations on data and the expected changes in derived metrics such as functional connectivity and instantaneous innovations.
Current therapeutic options for low‐risk papillary thyroid carcinoma: Scoping evidence review
Authors: Sanabria Alvaro , Pinillos Pilar , Lira Renan B. , Shah Jatin P. , Tufano Ralph P. , Zafereo Mark E. , Nixon Iain J. , Randolph Gregory W. , Simo Ricard , Vander Poorten Vincent , Rinaldo Alessandra , Medina Jesus E. , Khafif Avi , Angelos Peter , Mäkitie Antti A. , Shaha Ashok R. , Rodrigo Juan P. , Hartl Dana M. , Kowalski Luiz P. , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMost cases of thyroid carcinoma are classified as low risk. These lesions have been treated with open surgery, remote access thyroidectomy, active surveillance, and percutaneous ablation. However, there is lack of consensus and clear indications for a specific treatment selection. The objective of this study is to review the literature regarding the indications for management selection for low‐risk carcinomas. Systematic review exploring inclusion and exclusion criteria used to select patients with low‐risk carcinomas for treatment approaches. The search found 69 studies. The inclusion criteria most reported were nodule diameter and histopathological confirmation of the tumor type. The most common exclusions were lymph node metastasis and extra‐thyroidal extension. There was significant heterogeneity among inclusion and exclusion criteria according to the analyzed therapeutic approach. Alternative therapeutic approaches in low‐risk carcinomas can be cautiously considered. Open thyroidectomy remains the standard treatment against which all other approaches must be compared.
Teaming with industrial cobots: A socio‐technical perspective on safety analysis
Authors: Adriaensen A. , Costantino F. , Di Gravio G. , Patriarca R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCollaborative human–machine interaction will be progressively intensified in industrial applications. The aim of this article is to examine current approaches to cobot safety by showing that these approaches can additionally benefit from systems thinking methods. The first part of this article covers a narrative literature review on predominantly techno‐centric robot safety approaches, with a strong focus on containing kinetic energy and ensuring separation with humans. The second part introduces systems thinking methods to analyze a socio‐technical perspective on cobot safety, including joint cognitive systems and distributed cognition perspectives. This explorative research dimension is expected to overcome an overly narrow interpretation of safety issues, anticipating the challenges ahead in ever more complex cobot applications. This article embraces a socio‐technical perspective to explore the potential of Joint Cognitive Systems to manage risk and safety in cobot applications. Three systemic safety analysis approaches are presented and tested with a demonstrator case study concerning their feasibility for cobot applications: System‐Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP); Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM); and Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork (EAST). These methods each provide interesting extensions to complement the traditional understanding of risk as required by current and future industrial cobot implementations. The power of systemic methods for safer and more efficient cobot operations lies in revealing the distributed and emergent result from joint actions and overcoming the reductionist view from individual failures or single agent responsibilities. The safe operation of cobot applications can only be achieved through alignment of design, training, and operation of such applications.