bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registration of ‘CP 11‐1640’ sugarcane
Authors: Zhao D. , Davidson R.W. , Gordon V.S. , Islam Md , Sandhu H.S. , Sood S. , Baltazar M. , McCord P.H. , Migneault A. , Coto Arbelo O. , Momotaz A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract‘CP 11‐1640’ (Reg. no. CV‐199, PI 695085) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA–ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and released by the Florida Sugarcane Variety Committee (FSVC) to growers for commercial cultivation on mineral (sand) soils in Florida in June 2019. It was selected from a polycross made at Canal Point on 2 Jan. 2009 with Canal Point sugarcane breeding line CP 01‐2390 (female parent). Its male parent was unknown and could be any one of the clones used in the polycross. CP 11‐1640 was released by FSVC because of its high cane and sucrose yields, acceptable commercial recoverable sucrose, and resistance to brown rust, orange rust, leaf scald, Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), and smut. Based on the results of 12 harvests with three crops (plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon) at four locations in final‐stage replicated yield trials on sand soils and compared with reference cultivars (CL 88‐4730, CP 96‐1252, CPCL 97‐2730), CP 11‐1640 had significantly higher cane yield (13.4–16.9%), sucrose yield (12.0–12.8%), and economic index (10.9–16.9%) than CL 88‐4730 and CPCL 97‐2730 and did not differ from CP 96‐1252 in any of these traits. Cane fiber content of CP 11‐1640 (138.9 kg Mg−1) was equivalent to that of CL 88‐4730 but slightly higher than that of CP 96‐1252 and CPCL 97‐2730. CP 11‐1640 was considered to be moderately tolerant to freezing among 18 genotypes tested.
Prediction of extubation readiness using lung ultrasound in preterm infants
Authors: Soliman Reem M. , Elsayed Yasser , Said Reem N. , Abdulbaqi Abdulaziz M. , Hashem Rania H. , Aly Hany 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe aimed to test the hypothesis that a lung ultrasound severity score (LUS) and assessment of left ventricular eccentricity index of the interventricular septum (LVEI) by focused heart ultrasound can predict extubation success in mechanically ventilated infants. We conducted a prospective study on premature infants less than 34 weeks’ of gestation. LUS was performed on postnatal Days 3 and 7 by an investigator who was masked to infants’ ventilator parameters. LVEI and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) were measured at postnatal Day 3. A receiver operator curve was constructed to assess the ability to predict extubation success. Spearman correlation was performed between LVEI and PAP. A total of 104 studies were performed to 66 infants; of them 39 had mild and 65 had moderate‐severe lung disease. LUS predicted extubation success with a sensitivity and a specificity of 91% and 69%, respectively. Area under the curve was 0.83 (CI: 0.75–0.91). LVEI did not differ between infants that succeeded and failed extubation. It correlated with PAP during systole (r = .66). We conclude that LUS predicts extubation success in mechanically ventilated preterm infants whereas LVEI correlates with high PAP.
Diagnostic utility of bronchoalveolar lavage in children with complicated intrathoracic tuberculosis
Authors: Goussard Pierre , Croucamp Roland , Bosch Corne , Demers Anne‐Marie , Morrison Julie , Mfingwana Lunga , Palmer Megan , van der Zalm Marieke M. , Friedrich Sven O. , Janson Jacques T. , Whitelaw Andrew C. , Andronikou Savvas , Hesseling Anneke C. , Walters Elisabetta , Lopez‐Varela Elisa 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionBronchoscopy can be a useful tool in children with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with severe disease potentially requiring intervention or in the face of diagnostic dilemmas. The aim of this study was to determine the value of Xpert MTB/RIF assay (Xpert) on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples in children with complicated PTB.MethodsRetrospective analysis of children with clinically diagnosed PTB, who underwent routine bronchoscopy over a 5‐year period at a large referral hospital. BAL and other respiratory samples were tested by microscopy, culture, and Xpert. We explored whether clinical, radiographic and bronchoscopy findings, and duration of antituberculosis treatment were associated with bacteriological confirmation.ResultsOne hundred and twelve out of one hundred and forty‐six (76.7%) children (median age 16 months) were on antituberculosis treatment for a median of 10 days at the time of bronchoscopy. Overall, bacteriological confirmation was achieved in 115 (78.7%), with 101 (69.2%) detected on BAL. Of those bacteriologically confirmed on BAL, 61.4% were positive by both Xpert and culture, 34.7% only by Xpert, and 3.9% only by culture. Sensitivity and specificity of Xpert compared with culture on BAL samples for children not on antituberculosis treatment were 94.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.3, 99.8) and 68.7% (95% CI: 41.3, 89.0), respectively.ConclusionsIn children undergoing bronchoscopy for complicated PTB, Xpert testing of BAL had a high diagnostic yield in children already on antituberculosis treatment. Bronchoscopy should be considered if noninvasive respiratory specimens fail to confirm complicated TB.
Targeted RNA sequencing reveals differential patterns of transcript expression in geographically discrete, insecticide resistant populations of Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Authors: Clements Justin , Lamour Kurt , Frost Kenneth , Dwyer James , Huseth Anders , Groves Russell L 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) is a major agricultural pest of commercial potatoes, partially due to its ability to rapidly develop resistance to multiple insecticide modes of action. Patterns of L. decemlineata insecticide resistance in the contiguous United States have been linked to geographic location and regional management practices. Several previous studies have classified enzymes that are overexpressed following L. decemlineata exposure to commercial pesticides, many of which have been linked to xenobiotic metabolism. Studies have further associated geographic disparities in resistance patterns to cross‐resistance driven by fungicide exposure in the East Coast and Midwest.RESULTSIn this study, our objective was to investigate transcript expression of 38 previously classified detoxification enzymes induced by imidacloprid (an insecticide) and chlorothalonil (a fungicide) within five discrete populations of L. decemlineata obtained from areas in the USA representing eastern, midwestern and western production regions. We found unique patterns of transcript expression in different geographic locations, including overexpression of transcripts related to insecticide metabolism within insecticide‐resistant populations.CONCLUSIONThe results suggest the genetic response of these populations may be partially linked to geographic location and corresponding management practices. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Kinematic processes contributing to the intensification of anomalously strong North Atlantic jets
Authors: Winters Andrew C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAnomalously strong North Atlantic jets, defined in this study as jets with wind speeds exceeding 100 m·s−1, are notable due to their potential to induce high‐impact weather. This study examines the kinematic processes that contribute to the intensification of anomalously strong North Atlantic jets, as well as the variability in those processes across a large number of events. Anomalously strong jets are objectively identified during September–May 1979–2018 within the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis and composited to reveal the synoptic‐scale flow evolution associated with jet intensification. The analysis demonstrates that anomalously strong North Atlantic jets are most frequent during the winter compared with the fall and spring, and that their development is preceded by low‐level warm‐air advection, poleward moisture advection, and moist ascent within the warm conveyor belt of a surface cyclone beneath the equatorward jet‐entrance region. A diagnosis of the irrotational and nondivergent components of the ageostrophic wind within the near‐jet environment reveals that both wind components facilitate jet intensification via their nonnegligible contributions to negative potential vorticity (PV) advection and PV frontogenesis in the vicinity of the dynamic tropopause. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations of a jet event from December 2013 with and without latent heating further suggest that the ageostrophic wind field within the near‐jet environment is substantially modulated by latent heating. The foregoing results indicate that a diagnosis of jet intensification during anomalously strong jet events is dependent on an accurate representation of the cumulative effects of latent heating within the near‐jet environment.
Robotic single‐site versus multiport radical hysterectomy in early stage cervical cancer: An analysis of 62 cases from a single institution
Authors: Jang Tae‐Kyu , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sang‐Hoon , Shin So‐Jin , Cho Chi‐Heum 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes and cost of robotic single‐site radical hysterectomy (RSSRH) versus robotic multiport radical hysterectomy (RMPRH) with pelvic lymph node dissection in early stage cervical cancer.MethodsSixty‐two patients with early stage cervical cancer were recruited between November 2011 and July 2017 and underwent RSSRH (20 patients) and RMPRH (42 patients) for early stage cervical cancer using the da Vinci Si Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical).ResultsThere were no significant difference between the two groups in most of parameters. However, postoperative hospital discharge and total hospital costs for RSSRH were significantly shorter than RMPRH (both p < 0.001). However, lymph node retrieval of RMPRH was significantly higher than RSSRH in (18.0 vs. 9.5, respectively; p < 0.001).ConclusionsRSSRH has comparable surgical outcomes to the RMPRH method. RSSRH could be considered a surgical option in a well‐selected patient group.
Development and in vivo assessment of a novel MRI‐compatible headframe system for the ovine animal model
Authors: Trovatelli Marco , Brizzola Stefano , Zani Davide Danilo , Castellano Antonella , Mangili Paola , Riva Marco , Woolley Max , Johnson Dave , Rodriguez y Baena Ferdinando , Bello Lorenzo , Falini Andrea , Secoli Riccardo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe brain of sheep has primarily been used in neuroscience as an animal model because of its similarity to the human brain, in particular if compared to other models such as the lissencephalic rodent brain. Their brain size also makes sheep an ideal model for the development of neurosurgical techniques using conventional clinical CT/MRI scanners and stereotactic systems for neurosurgery.MethodsIn this study, we present the design and validation of a new CT/MRI compatible head frame for the ovine model and software, with its assessment under two real clinical scenarios.ResultsEx‐vivo and in vivo trial results report an average linear displacement of the ovine head frame during conventional surgical procedures of 0.81 mm for ex‐vivo trials and 0.68 mm for in vivo tests, respectively.ConclusionsThese trial results demonstrate the robustness of the head frame system and its suitability to be employed within a real clinical setting.
Controlled Aggregation Enhances Immunomodulatory Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Aggregates
Authors: Xie Angela W. , Zacharias Nicholas A. , Binder Bernard Y. K. , Murphy William L. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy due to their ease of isolation and expansion and their ability to secrete antiapoptotic, pro-angiogenic, and immunomodulatory factors. Three-dimensional (3D) aggregation “self-activates” MSCs to augment their pro-angiogenic and immunomodulatory potential, but the microenvironmental features and culture parameters that promote optimal MSC immunomodulatory function in 3D aggregates are poorly understood. Here, we generated MSC aggregates via three distinct methods and compared them with regard to their (a) aggregate structure and (b) immunomodulatory phenotype under resting conditions and in response to inflammatory stimulus. Methods associated with fast aggregation kinetics formed aggregates with higher cell packing density and reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis compared to those with slow aggregation kinetics. While all three methods of 3D aggregation enhanced MSC expression of immunomodulatory factors compared to two-dimensional culture, different aggregation methods modulated cells' temporal expression of these factors. A Design of Experiments approach, in which aggregate size and aggregation kinetics were systematically covaried, identified a significant effect of both parameters on MSCs' ability to regulate immune cells. Compared to small aggregates formed with fast kinetics, large aggregates with slow assembly kinetics were more effective at T-cell suppression and macrophage polarization toward anti-inflammatory phenotypes. Thus, culture parameters including aggregation method, kinetics, and aggregate size influence both the structural properties of aggregates and their paracrine immunomodulatory function. These findings underscore the utility of engineering strategies to control properties of 3D MSC aggregates, which may identify new avenues for optimizing the immunomodulatory function of MSC-based cell therapies.
Waste to energy in Kathmandu Nepal—A way toward achieving sustainable development goals
Authors: Lohani Sunil Prasad , Keitsch Martina , Shakya Siddhartha , Fulford David 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) explicitly focus on responsible use of resources, production, and consumption, which comprises sensible waste management includes SDG 3, 7, 11, and 12. Yet, gaps between policies and current waste management practices are prevailing globally as well as nationally. This article discusses waste management (WM) in Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) with a focus on cleaner technology. Waste management has always been an issue in KMC with almost all wastes being dumped directly to a landfill site. The article aims to points out challenge with current waste management based on literature‐ and document reviews. Further, it introduces and analyses technologies to convert waste into energy and evaluates the applicability of the Asian Develop Bank recommendations for waste management in KMC and suggests strategies toward aligning KMC waste management with Nepal's SDG agenda. Findings indicate that Kathmandu has huge potential for implementing waste to energy technologies, and anaerobic digestion seems one of the most promising technologies. Yet, the city lacks a proper waste treatment infrastructure and would benefit from a systematic alignment of technology, policy, and environmental possibilities and challenges in both analysis, planning, and design.
Precisely Encoded Barcodes through the Structure‐Fluorescence Combinational Strategy: A Flexible, Robust, and Versatile Multiplexed Biodetection Platform with Ultrahigh Encoding Capacities
Authors: Wang Yao , Chen Cang , He Jing , Cao Yimei , Fang Xiaoxia , Chi Xiaomei , Yi Jingwei , Wu Jiancong , Guo Qingsheng , Masoomi Hajar , Wu Chongzhao , Ye Jian , Gu Hongchen , Xu Hong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWith the rapid development of suspension array technology, microbeads‐based barcodes as the core element with sufficient encoding capacity are urgently required for high‐throughput multiplexed detection. Here, a novel structure‐fluorescence combinational encoding strategy is proposed for the first time to establish a barcode library with ultrahigh encoding capacities. Based on the never revealed transformability of the structural parameters (e.g., porosity and matrix component) of mesoporous microbeads into scattering signals in flow cytometry, the enlargement of codes number has been successfully realized in combination with two other fluorescent elements of fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer I (FITC) and quantum dots (QDs). The barcodes are constructed with precise architectures including FITC encapsulated within mesopores and magnetic nanoparticles as well as QDs immobilized on the outer surface to achieve the ultrahigh encoding level of 300 accompanied with superparamagnetism. To the best of knowledge, it is the highest record of single excitation laser‐based encoding capacity up to now. Moreover, a ten‐plexed tumor markers bioassay based on the tailored‐designed barcodes has been evaluated to confirm their feasibility and effectiveness, and the results indicate that the barcodes platform is a promising and robust tool for practical multiplexed biodetection.
A Self‐Ordered Nanostructured Transparent Electrode of High Structural Quality and Corresponding Functional Performance
Authors: Döhler Dirk , Triana Andrés , Büttner Pascal , Scheler Florian , Goerlitzer Eric S.A. , Harrer Johannes , Vasileva Anna , Metwalli Ezzeldin , Gruber Wolfgang , Unruh Tobias , Manshina Alina , Vogel Nicolas , Bachmann Julien , Mínguez‐Bacho Ignacio 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe preparation of a highly ordered nanostructured transparent electrode based on a combination of nanosphere lithography and anodization is presented. The size of perfectly ordered pore domains is improved by an order of magnitude with respect to the state of the art. The concomitantly reduced density of defect pores increases the fraction of pores that are in good electrical contact with the underlying transparent conductive substrate. This improvement in structural quality translates directly and linearly into an improved performance of energy conversion devices built from such electrodes in a linear manner.
Comparison of food‐animal veterinarians’ and producers’ perceptions of producer‐centered communication following on‐farm interactions
Authors: DeGroot Antonia , Coe Jason B. , Kelton David , Miltenburg Cynthia , Wichtel Jeffrey , Duffield Todd 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground: Human medicine has demonstrated that a patient‐centered physician‐patient relationship is more effective than the traditional physician‐centered model. Objectives were to explore food‐animal veterinarians’ and producers’ perceptions of producer‐centered communication (VPPC and PPPC), during on‐farm interactions and examine associated factors.Methods: A cross‐sectional sample of food‐animal veterinarians and their clients were recruited in Ontario, Canada. Immediately following on‐farm veterinarian‐producer interactions, the producer and veterinarian independently completed a questionnaire assessing PPC. Symmetry of paired responses between veterinarians and producers was examined. Employing listwise deletion, independent mixed linear regression models were developed to determine factors associated with PPPC and VPPC, respectively.Results: Two hundred and three paired veterinarian and producer survey responses were analysed. Significant asymmetry (p‐value < 0.05) was observed, with veterinarians assessing PPC lower than producers. Based on data from 32 veterinarians and 159 producers, the only factor associated with PPPC was veterinarian burnout (PPPC decreased with burnout). Based on data from 32 veterinarians and 155 producers, factors positively associated with VPPC included veterinarian compassion satisfaction (VPPC increased with compassion satisfaction), length of interaction (VPPC increased with length of interaction) and producers identifying as female (VPPC higher with female producers).Conclusion: Producer's positive PPPC is encouraging, yet veterinarians should be aware that mental health parameters may impact producers’ and their own perceptions of PPC. Further examining veterinarians’ delivery of PPC is important for food‐animal practice.
Hightech mit Blick auf Mensch und Planet
Authors: Bergner Ute 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Herausforderung der Zukunft besteht darin, mit unseren Ressourcen, die außer der Sonnenenergie auf unserem Erdball begrenzt sind, achtsam umzugehen. Hier gilt es, kluge Ansätze und Leitplanken für jeden Menschen in jeder Lebenslage zu finden, richtige und nachhaltige Entscheidungen zu treffen. Kreislaufwirtschaft, abgeleitet von den Erhaltungssätzen der Physik, ist ein wesentlicher Denk‐ und Handlungsansatz, den sich jeder zu eigen machen sollte. In diesem Artikel werden aus den verschiedensten Perspektiven Denk‐ und Handlungsansätze sowie erfolgreiche Lösungsbeispiele dargestellt.
Oesophageal dysmotility in a dog following surgical correction of an oesophageal perforation
Authors: Phillips Victoria , Allerton Fergus , Robinson Will 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA 9‐year‐old, male neutered Jack Russell terrier, weighing 6.7 kg, required general anaesthesia for retrieval of an oesophageal foreign body (OFB) of 7 days' duration. Removal of the osseous foreign body with oesophagoscopy was successful but revealed severe oesophageal necrosis with two full thickness tears of the caudal thoracic oesophagus prompting surgical intervention. Bilateral thoracotomy was performed, and the oesophageal lesions were successfully apposed. A gastrostomy tube was placed to provide nutrition until oral feeding resumed. Fourteen days post‐operatively the dog began to regurgitate with increasing frequency. Oesophagoscopy was repeated and revealed healing of the oesophageal lesions. Thoracic radiography was also normal. A fluoroscopic barium swallow study was performed 24 days post‐operatively which revealed severe oesophageal dysmotility of the caudal thoracic oesophagus. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of severe oesophageal dysmotility as a delayed, post‐operative complication of oesophageal surgery following complete perforation by an osseous OFB.
Persistent hypotension resolved by neostigmine administration in a dog in which atracurium was used
Authors: Vettorato Enzo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA dog with a large abdominal mass underwent coeliotomy. Before surgery, the dog was anaemic, hypoalbuminaemic and had a grade III out of VI left sided holosystolic heart murmur; no signs related to heart failure were detected on thoracic radiographs. After intramuscular administration of methadone, anaesthesia was induced intravenously (IV) with fentanyl and propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Lungs were mechanically ventilated using a volume‐controlled setting. To manage ventilation asynchrony, atracurium was administered IV. Concurrent hypotension did not respond to lowering the isoflurane concentration, crystalloid and colloid boluses administration, and dobutamine infusion. Surgery lasted 40 minutes, and the mass was easily removed. At end of surgery, neostigmine was administered IV slowly, and a progressive improvement of arterial blood pressure was recorded. The animal was then allowed to breathe spontaneously, and isoflurane was discontinued. Recovery from general anaesthesia was uneventful.
Dopamine and dobutamine may be ineffective at managing hypotension in anaesthetised koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)
Authors: Cumming Scott H. , Martinez‐Taboada Fernando 
Published: April 2021

AbstractManaging hypotension during anaesthesia is a common challenge in all species for which there are numerous approaches. To the authors’ knowledge, managing hypotension in the anaesthetised koala has never been described. This case report details two separate koalas, anaesthetised for different reasons, who developed hypotension under anaesthesia. In one koala, hypotension was managed primarily through the administration of inotropic infusions. Hypotension in the other koala was managed primarily through the administration of an infusion of phenylephrine. The phenylephrine successfully improved the mean arterial pressure, while the inotropes appeared to be completely ineffective.