bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keeping immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis in check: advanced circulatory mechanical support as a bridge to recovery
Authors: Stein‐Merlob Ashley F. , Hsu Jeffrey J. , Colton Bradley , Berg Christopher J. , Ferreira Allison , Price Megan M. , Wainberg Zev , Baas Arnold S. , Deng Mario C. , Parikh Rushi V. , Yang Eric H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)‐associated myocarditis is a rare, potentially life‐threatening complication of immunotherapy. We report a case of a 60‐year‐old female with a history of colorectal cancer treated with nivolumab immunotherapy who presented with new cardiomyopathy complicated by cardiogenic shock and ventricular arrhythmias. Treatment of ICI‐associated myocarditis requires aggressive immunosuppression and supportive therapy. In this case, the patient required advanced mechanical circulatory support as a bridge to recovery. This case highlights the complexity of diagnosis, haemodynamic management, and treatment of fulminant ICI myocarditis.
HFIP‐Promoted Substitution in the Ferrocene Series: Smooth Approach towards Original Catalysts**
Authors: Erb William , Carré Victor , Roisnel Thierry 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPseudo‐benzylic substitution is an important reaction in the ferrocene series, especially to obtain ligands for catalysis. Herein, we described new reactions conditions, using fluorinated alcohols as both solvent and promoter, able to deliver iodoferrocene derivatives faster than using classical solvents. Various N, O, P and C‐nucleophiles were found compatible with this transformation which occurs with full retention of stereochemistry. Original P,N‐ligands were prepared by using iodine/lithium exchange‐chlorophoshine trapping sequences, and their properties were evaluated in Suzuki‐Miyaura and Buchwald‐Hartwig coupling as well as in ketone α‐arylation reaction.
Protocol stack virtualization support in IoT
Authors: Herrero Rolando 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMassive IoT scenarios involve a huge number of devices where deployment, provisioning, and configuration are carried out without any human intervention. Well‐known mechanisms of resource discovery and management attempt to enable some of this functionality typically associated with zero‐configuration schemes. In this article, we explore the novel use of protocol stack virtualization (PSV) to provide flexibility in the deployment and management of constrained sensors, actuators, and controllers in massive IoT access networks. Specifically, these devices exhibit low power consumption that limits processor computational capabilities and transmission rates that affect, among other things, deployment and maintenance. In this scenario, we present and analyze an end‐to‐end PSV massive IoT solution. We describe the different building blocks, their interaction, and what role they play as part of the overall mechanism. Additionally, we focus on the performance of the solution by looking at how network impairments, like packet loss and latency, affect deployment of the virtualized protocol stacks.
Speed of institutional change and subsidiary performance: The moderating impact of home and host country learning
Authors: Fuentelsaz Lucio , Garrido Elisabet , González Minerva 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch summaryThis research examines the role played by home and host country learning in the relationship between the speed of institutional change and subsidiary performance. We posit a negative relationship between the speed of institutional change in the host country and subsidiary performance. We also argue that this relationship is contingent on the institutional learning that parent multinationals (MNEs) have previously attained in other countries. By integrating the dynamic institution‐based view and the organizational learning literature, our analysis highlights the key role that abilities and skills developed by MNEs to face rapid institutional changes have on the host countries in which they operate. We test our theoretical model using a sample of 342 subsidiaries from 68 MNEs operating in emerging and developed economies during 2001–2017.Managerial summaryMNEs regularly face institutional changes in both home and host countries. However, institutions evolve at different speeds. According to previous studies, the performance of subsidiaries is threatened when institutional changes happen quickly. MNEs need to develop the ability to help their subsidiaries face changes immediately and with no loss of performance. Our research shows that MNEs can learn from prior rapid institutional changes in the home and host countries and transfer this knowledge to their subsidiaries so that they can be more equipped to deal with it in the future.
YAP‐TEAD mediates PPAR α–induced hepatomegaly and liver regeneration in mice
Authors: Fan Shicheng , Gao Yue , Qu Aijuan , Jiang Yiming , Li Hua , Xie Guomin , Yao Xinpeng , Yang Xiao , Zhu Shuguang , Yagai Tomoki , Tian Jianing , Wang Ruimin , Gonzalez Frank J. , Huang Min , Bi Huichang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor α (PPARα, NR1C1) is a ligand‐activated nuclear receptor involved in the regulation of lipid catabolism and energy homeostasis. PPARα activation induces hepatomegaly and plays an important role in liver regeneration, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Approach and Results
In this study, the effect of PPARα activation on liver enlargement and regeneration was investigated in several strains of genetically modified mice. PPARα activation by the specific agonist WY‐14643 significantly induced hepatomegaly and accelerated liver regeneration after 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx) in wild‐type mice and Ppara
fl/fl mice, while these effects were abolished in hepatocyte‐specific Ppara‐deficient (Ppara
ΔHep) mice. Moreover, PPARα activation promoted hepatocyte hypertrophy around the central vein area and hepatocyte proliferation around the portal vein area. Mechanistically, PPARα activation regulated expression of yes‐associated protein (YAP) and its downstream targets (connective tissue growth factor, cysteine‐rich angiogenic inducer 61, and ankyrin repeat domain 1) as well as proliferation‐related proteins (cyclins A1, D1, and E1). Binding of YAP with the PPARα E domain was critical for the interaction between YAP and PPARα. PPARα activation further induced nuclear translocation of YAP. Disruption of the YAP–transcriptional enhancer factor domain family member (TEAD) association significantly suppressed PPARα‐induced hepatomegaly and hepatocyte enlargement and proliferation. In addition, PPARα failed to induce hepatomegaly in adeno‐associated virus–Yap short hairpin RNA–treated mice and liver‐specific Yap‐deficient mice. Blockade of YAP signaling abolished PPARα‐induced hepatocyte hypertrophy around the central vein area and hepatocyte proliferation around the portal vein area.

Conclusions
This study revealed a function of PPARα in regulating liver size and liver regeneration through activation of the YAP–TEAD signaling pathway. These findings have implications for understanding the physiological functions of PPARα and suggest its potential for manipulation of liver size and liver regeneration.
Back Cover Image
Authors: Yi Yuyang , Ma Hao , Lian Xueyu , Mei Qingqing , Zeng Zhihan , Zhao Yu , Lu Chen , Zhao Wen , Guo Wenyue , Liu Zhongfan , Sun Jingyu 
Published: August 2021

N‐doped carbon nanopolyhedron@nanosheet composite produced by a salt‐confined route harnesses 3D porous framework, dual‐carbon architecture and harmonized nitrogen content, accordingly enabling excellent potassium ion storage toward the construction of high‐performance potassium‐ion hybrid capacitor device. (DOI: 10.1002/inf2.12225)
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New Insights Into Osteoclast Biology
Authors: McDonald Michelle Maree , Kim Albert Sungsoo , Mulholland Bridie S , Rauner Martina 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTOsteoclasts are multinucleated cells that are characterized by their unique ability to resorb large quantities of bone. Therefore, they are frequently the target of therapeutic interventions to ameliorate bone loss. In an adult organism, osteoclasts derive from hematopoietic stem cells and differentiate into osteoclasts within a multistep process under the influence of macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) and receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL). Historically, the osteoclast life cycle has been defined as linear, whereby lineage‐committed mononuclear precursors fuse to generate multinucleated highly specialized and localized bone phagocytic cells, which then undergo apoptosis within weeks. Recent advances through lineage tracing, single cell RNA sequencing, parabiosis, and intravital imaging approaches have challenged this dogma, revealing they have greater longevity and the capacity to circulate and undergo cell recycling. Indeed, these new insights highlight that under homeostatic conditions very few incidences of osteoclast apoptosis occur. More importantly, as we revisit the formation and fate of the osteoclast, novel methods to target osteoclast biology in bone pathology and regeneration are emerging. This review briefly summarizes the historical life cycle of osteoclasts and highlights recent discoveries made through advanced methodologies, which have led to a paradigm shift in osteoclast biology. These findings are discussed in light of both existing and emerging bone targeted therapeutics, bone pathologies, and communication between osteoclasts and cells resident in bone or at distant sites. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The role of exosomes from BALF in lung disease
Authors: Liu Ziyu , Yan Jiaqing , Tong Lingling , Liu Shouyue , Zhang Ying 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExosomes are released from a variety of immune cells and nonimmune cells, the phospholipid vesicle bilayer membrane structure actively secreted into tissues. Recently, exosomes were demonstrated to be effectively delivered proteins, cholesterol, lipids, and amounts of DNA, mRNA, and noncoding RNAs to a target cell or tissue from a host cell. These can be detected in blood, urine, exhaled breath condensates, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), ascites, and cerebrospinal fluid. BALF is a clinical examination method for obtaining alveolar cells and biochemical components, reflecting changes in the lungs, so it is also called liquid biopsy. Exosomes from BALF become a new method for intercellular communication and well‐documented in various pulmonary diseases. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), BALF exosomes can predict the degree of COPD damage and serve as an effective monitoring indicator for airflow limitation and airway remodeling. It also mediates antigen presentation in the airways to the adaptive immune system as well as costimulatory effects. Furthermore, BALF exosomes from acute lung injury and infective diseases are closely related to various infections and lack of oxygen status. BALF exosomes play an important role in the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer. The effect of immunomodulatory role for BALF exosomes in adaptive and innate immune responses has been studied in sarcoidosis. The intercellular communication in the microenvironment of BALF exosomes in pulmonary fibrosis and lung remodeling have been studied. In this review, we summarize the novel findings of exosomes in BALF, executed function by protein, miRNA, DNA cytokine, and so on in several pulmonary diseases.
Congenital disorders of glycosylation with defective fucosylation
Authors: Hüllen Andreas , Falkenstein Kristina , Weigel Corina , Huidekoper Hidde , Naumann‐Bartsch Nora , Spenger Johannes , Feichtinger René G. , Schaefers Jacqueline , Frenz Stephanie , Kotlarz Daniel , Momen Tooba , Khoshnevisan Razieh , Riedhammer Korbinian M. , Santer René , Herget Theresia , Rennings Alexander , Lefeber Dirk J. , Mayr Johannes A. , Thiel Christian , Wortmann Saskia B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFucosylation is essential for intercellular and intracellular recognition, cell‐cell interaction, fertilization, and inflammatory processes. Only five types of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) related to an impaired fucosylation have been described to date: FUT8‐CDG, FCSK‐CDG, POFUT1‐CDG SLC35C1‐CDG, and the only recently described GFUS‐CDG. This review summarizes the clinical findings of all hitherto known 25 patients affected with those defects with regard to their pathophysiology and genotype. In addition, we describe five new patients with novel variants in the SLC35C1 gene. Furthermore, we discuss the efficacy of fucose therapy approaches within the different defects.
Vaccination versus infection with SARS‐CoV‐2: Establishment of a high avidity IgG response versus incomplete avidity maturation
Authors: Struck Friedhelm , Schreiner Patrick , Staschik Eva , Wochinz‐Richter Karin , Schulz Sarah , Soutschek Erwin , Motz Manfred , Bauer Georg 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAvidity is defined as the binding strength of immunoglobulin G (IgG) toward its target epitope. Avidity is directly related to affinity, as both processes are determined by the best fit of IgG to epitopes. We confirm and extend data on incomplete avidity maturation of IgG toward severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) nucleoprotein (NP), spike protein‐1 (S1), and its receptor‐binding domain (RBD) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients. In SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected individuals, an initial rise in avidity maturation was ending abruptly, leading to IgG of persistently low or intermediate avidity. Incomplete avidity maturation might facilitate secondary SARS‐CoV‐2 infections and thus prevent the establishment of herd immunity. Incomplete avidity maturation after infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 (with only 11.8% of cases showing finally IgG of high avidity, that is, an avidity index > 0.6) was contrasted by regular and rapid establishment of high avidity in SARS‐CoV‐2 naïve individuals after two vaccination steps with the BioNTech messenger RNA (mRNA) Vaccine (78% of cases with high avidity). One vaccination step was not sufficient for induction of complete avidity maturation in vaccinated SARS‐CoV‐2 naïve individuals, as it induced high avidity only in 2.9% of cases within 3 weeks. However, one vaccination step was sufficient to induce high avidity in individuals with previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
A reconstruction of June–July temperature since AD 1383 for Western Sichuan Plateau, China using tree‐ring width
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Jinjian , Wang Shu , Shao Xuemei , Qin Ningsheng , An Wenling 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGlobal warming has a significant impact on the ecosystem of the high‐altitude areas of the Tibetan Plateau, such as land degradation and the rapid retreat of glaciers. It is important to understand the effects of global warming occurring over hundreds or thousands of years. However, the long‐term reconstruction of temperature is still lacking for the region of Western Sichuan Plateau (WSP). In this study, we reconstructed summer (June–July) temperatures back to 1383 for the WSP region based on a significant positive correlation between the standard chronology and summer temperature. The reconstruction passed statistical tests and explained 55.4% of the climatic variance in the period for which data are available (1962–2005). There have been five periods with warm summers and five with cold summers during the past 623 years. Warm periods occurred in 1383–1445, 1525–1590, 1700–1724, 1825–1870, and 1930–1960, while relatively cold periods occurred in 1446–1524, 1591–1675, 1725–1824, 1900–1929, and 1961–1990. A comparison with observed data and regional temperature reconstruction series shows that the reconstruction has a high degree of consistency and is indicative and reliability. The spatial correlation was analysed with Climatic Research Unit gridded data to detect the spatial representativeness of the reconstruction, confirming that the reconstruction has a strong regional temperature signal for the WSP. Furthermore, ensemble empirical mode decomposition indicates quasi‐oscillations of 2.8–3.3, 6.4–8.3, 11.1–14.2, 25–38.4, 89, and 138 years in the reconstructed temperature time series during the past 623 years. El Niño Southern Oscillation cycles, solar activity, and Atlantic multi‐decadal oscillation may be the primary forcing factors. Meanwhile, the coordinated action of temperature‐induced drought stress with a late growing season related to delayed snowmelt can potentially be attributed to the divergence problem (observed around 2005).
Synthesis of evidence from zero‐events studies: A comparison of one‐stage framework methods
Authors: Xu Chang , Furuya‐Kanamori Luis , Lin Lifeng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn evidence synthesis, dealing with zero‐events studies is an important and complicated task that has generated broad discussion. Numerous methods provide valid solutions to synthesizing data from studies with zero‐events, either based on a frequentist or a Bayesian framework. Among frequentist frameworks, the one‐stage methods have their unique advantages to deal with zero‐events studies, especially for double‐arm‐zero‐events. In this article, we give a concise overview of the one‐stage frequentist methods. We conducted simulation studies to compare the statistical properties of these methods to the two‐stage frequentist method (continuity correction) for meta‐analysis with zero‐events studies when double‐zero‐events studies were included. Our simulation studies demonstrated that the generalized estimating equation with unstructured correlation and beta‐binomial method had the best performance among the one‐stage methods. The random intercepts generalized linear mixed model showed good performance in the absence of obvious between‐study variance. Our results also showed that the continuity correction with inverse‐variance heterogeneous (IVhet) analytic model based on the two‐stage framework had good performance when the between‐study variance was obvious and the group size was balanced for included studies. In summary, the one‐stage framework has unique advantages to deal with studies with zero events and is not susceptive to group size ratio. It should be considered in future meta‐analyses whenever possible.
Growth promotion ability of phosphate‐solubilizing bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere under maize–soybean intercropping systems
Authors: Song Chun , Wang Wenjing , Gan Yuefeng , Wang Lingfeng , Chang Xiaoli , Wang Yu , Yang Wenyu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDOptimum cultivation and management measures are needed to increase the phosphorus (P) absorption efficiency of crops for sustainable agricultural production. Previous studies indicated that leguminous crops can promote P absorption by neighboring gramineous crops. In this study, we isolated and screened the phosphate‐solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from soybean rhizosphere under a maize–soybean intercropping system in Southwest China, and nine PSBs with high P‐solubilizing ability were identified.RESULTS16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that these PSBs belong mainly to Bacillus and Pseudomonas. The phosphate solubility of Bacillus aryabhattai B8W22 reached 388.62 μg mL−1. High‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis showed that each strain could secrete a large quantity of organic acids, including oxalic acid, malonic acid, citric acid and succinic acid. In addition, all strains produced indole acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores that could promote plant growth. Seed germination experiments testified that PSBs isolated in this study have an innate ability to promote plant growth. The plant culture pot experiment further illustrated that soil acid phosphatase (ACP) activity and available P content, as well as plant P uptake, increased significantly with PSBs inoculation.CONCLUSIONPSBs from the rhizosphere soil of intercropped soybean could secrete organic acids that increase the solubilization of unavailable P, improve soil ACP activity and P availability, and produce IAA and siderophores that promote maize seed germination and seedling growth. Our findings indicate the PSBs from soybean rhizosphere have significant potential to reduce the application of chemical phosphate fertilizers and to promote sustainable agricultural development. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Determination of vacuum ultraviolet detector response factors by hyphenation with two‐dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography with flame ionization detection
Authors: Lelevic Aleksandra , Geantet Christophe , Lorentz Chantal , Moreaud Maxime , Souchon Vincent 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTwo‐dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography is an established technique, employed for the characterization of complex samples. Broadband vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy detection has recently attracted a lot of attention as it is a universal detection technique characterized by good selectivity but also ease of use and amenability to coupling with two‐dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography. Vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy is particularly interesting due to the possibility of performing spectral decomposition for species that coelute in gas chromatography analysis. This detector has quantitative capabilities, however not all species absorb vacuum ultraviolet radiation the same. Unfortunately, vacuum ultraviolet relative response factors for compounds are not always available. Methods to rapidly measure vacuum ultraviolet relative response factors and generate a large database that would allow calibration free quantitative analysis of complex mixtures are therefore of great interest. In this work, a universal methodology that permits rapid measurement of vacuum ultraviolet relative response factors is reported. It involves flow modulated two‐dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography with dual vacuum ultraviolet and flame ionization detection. In this set‐up, flame ionization detection is employed as a quantitative reference allowing to scale vacuum ultraviolet responses of investigated compounds. This approach was validated by flow measurements and by comparing relative response factors obtained for model compounds with literature data.
Point‐of‐CareUltrasound Evaluation of Ankle Injuries in Children
Authors: Malia Laurie , Rabiner Joni E. 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo determine if point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) of ankle injuries in children, in conjunction with validated ankle injury clinical prediction rules, can accurately diagnose ankle fracture in children.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted on patients (birth–21 years) presenting to a pediatric emergency department with an ankle injury requiring ankle radiograph. POCUS of the injured ankle was performed to evaluate for fracture. Clinical prediction rule scores (Ottawa Ankle and Low Risk Ankle) were recorded along with pre‐ and post‐ultrasound clinical suspicion for fracture. Diagnosis of ankle fracture was confirmed via radiology radiograph report. Test characteristics of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated.ResultsForty‐eight patients were enrolled, 58% were female, with a mean age of 12.2 years (SD 3.8). Twelve (25%) patients had ankle POCUS positive or indeterminate for fracture. Nine (19%) patients had fracture based on radiograph, and 6 of the 9 (67%) patients with fracture had open growth plates. Ankle POCUS was found to have a sensitivity of 56% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23–85%), specificity of 82% (95% CI, 66–92%), positive predictive value of 42% (95% CI, 17–71%), and negative predictive value of 89% (95% CI, 73–96%).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that ankle POCUS in children is a difficult application to perform and interpret compared with radiographic diagnosis of fracture. Open growth plates may complicate accurate identification of fracture using POCUS and at this time serves as a poor screening exam to assess for fracture or the need for radiographs.