bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measures of emotion regulation: Convergence and psychometric properties of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale and emotion regulation questionnaire
Authors: Sörman Karolina , Garke Maria Å. , Isacsson Nils H. , Jangard Simon , Bjureberg Johan , Hellner Clara , Sinha Rajita , Jayaram‐Lindström Nitya 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveInvestigating unique and shared aspects of measures of emotion regulation (ER) advances our understanding of ER as a multidimensional construct. This study aimed to investigate psychometric properties of three ER‐measures: Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS‐36), the abbreviated version DERS‐16, and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ).MethodsIn a community sample (N = 843; 56% females) we investigated their internal consistency, factor structure, convergence, and association with symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress and substance abuse.ResultsThe proposed factor structures of the DERS‐16 and the ERQ demonstrated an adequate fit. There were moderate correlations between the two DERS versions (36 and 16) and ERQ subscales Reappraisal and Suppression. Total scores of DERS‐36 and DERS‐16 demonstrated preferential associations with depression and anxiety. Corresponding associations between ERQ subscales and psychiatric symptoms were weak.ConclusionThe results indicate that DERS‐16 could be useful as an alternative, easily administered measure of ER difficulties.
Feeding the future: developing the skills landscape in the agri‐food sector
Authors: Sims Cassie , Oddy Joseph , Hibbert Lauren E , Newell Amy S , Steel Luca Ruth , Gibbons Alastair T , Caporaso Nicola , Duménil Claire , Read Sophie , Margerison Reuben CP 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe agri‐food sector and supply chain is a foundational component of society and is required for healthy populations across the globe. Feeding the world, not only with enough calories, but with nutritious food that has been sustainably sourced and processed, is a continuous and developing challenge. Despite this, careers in research and development opportunities in the agri‐food sector have less visibility in comparison to other sectors, and we argue that agri‐food remains under‐represented in education and training, from school through to higher education. In this perspective, we explore how diversity in people, skills and education contributes to the agri‐food sector, and how fostering this diversity could help to solve some of the big challenges faced in 2021 and beyond. Specific focus is given to education and training schemes, and the lack of agri‐food topics in relevant science degrees. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
The Role of Parents’ Self‐Perceptions in the Association Between Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Aspects of Parenting
Authors: Sager Julia C. , Wamser‐Nanney Rachel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractParents’ posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) have been shown to be negatively associated with aspects of parenting, yet the mechanisms that link PTSS to parenting remain unclear. Because PTSS include negative alterations in cognitions, trauma‐exposed parents may have skewed perceptions of themselves as parents. However, no studies have examined whether there is an indirect effect of PTSS on parenting through parents’ self‐perceptions. Path analysis was used to determine (a) whether DSM‐5 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom clusters are related to parenting indices (i.e., support, satisfaction, involvement) and self‐perceptions, (b) if parental self‐perceptions are tied to aspects of parenting, and (c) if there is an indirect effect of PTSS on parenting through parental self‐perceptions. Participants were 223 trauma‐exposed parents (Mage= 36.92 years, SD = 7.9, 63.7% female) recruited from a midwestern U.S. university or via Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood were inversely related to parental support, B = −0.41, p = .008, and alterations in arousal and reactivity were inversely associated with parental self‐perceptions, B = −1.26, p = .001. Parental self‐perceptions were positively related to all parenting indices, Bs = 0.27–0.44. Indirect effects were observed for alterations in arousal and reactivity and parental support, satisfaction, and involvement via parents’ self‐perceptions, Bs = −0.34 to ‐0.55. Parental self‐perceptions appear to be a potential factor in understanding parenting difficulties for trauma‐exposed parents experiencing alterations in arousal and reactivity. Targeting these perceptions may be a point of intervention aimed at improving parenting outcomes among trauma‐exposed parents.
An Examination of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder–Related Symptoms Among a Sample of Latinx Sexual‐ and Gender‐Minority Immigrants
Authors: Estrada Fernando , Cerezo Alison , Ramirez Amaranta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLatinx sexual‐ and gender‐ minority (SGM) immigrants experience stress across multiple axes of identity, which can lead to negative health consequences. Using an intersectional–cultural theory of stress, the current study sampled 194 Latinx SGM immigrants to examine the association between intersectional discrimination (i.e., race‐ and sexual orientation–based), acculturative stress, symptoms related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and somatic distress. We used moderated hierarchical linear regression analysis to determine whether social support moderated the associations among intersectional discrimination, acculturative stress, and PTSD symptoms. The results showed that after controlling for time in the United States, PTSD symptoms were associated with intersectional discrimination, β = .57, SE = 3.14, p < .001, and acculturative stress, β = .42, SE = 2.47, p < .001, at higher levels of social support. The variability in outcome explained by the variables of interest was approximately 47%. These findings offer important and timely data that can inform future research and clinical applications in this underserved and understudied community.
Bioinspired Microstructure Platform for Modular Cell‐Laden Microgel Fabrication
Authors: Liu Han , Li Moxiao , Huang Guoyou , Li Jiansheng , Xu Feng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCell‐laden microgels have attracted increasing interest in various biomedical fields, as living building blocks to construct spatially organized multicellular structures or complex tissue features (e.g., cell spheroids and aligned cells/fibers). Although numerous approaches have been developed to tailor cell‐laden microgels, there is still an unmet need for modular, versatile, convenient, and high‐throughput methods. In this study, as inspired by the phenomena of water droplet manipulation from natural microstructures, a novel platform is developed to manipulate microscale hydrogel droplets and fabricate modular cell‐laden microgels. First, taking antenna‐like trichome as a template, catcher‐like bioinspired microstructures are fabricated and hydrogel droplets are manipulated modularly in a versatile, convenient, and high‐throughput manner, which is compatible with various types of hydrogels (e.g., photo‐cross‐linking, thermal‐cross‐linking, and ion‐cross‐linking). It is demonstrated that this platform can manipulate cell‐laden microgels as modular units, such as two or more cell‐laden microgels on one single catcher‐like structure and different structures on one single chip. The authors also demonstrate the application of this platform on constructing complex tissue features like myocardial fibrosis tissue models to study cardiac fibrosis. The developed platform will be a powerful tool for engineering various in vitro tissue models for widespread biomedical applications.
Characteristic Features of α and β Relaxations of Poly(diethyl fumarate) as the Poly(substituted methylene)
Authors: Suzuki Yasuhito , Tsuji Nagisa , Miyata Kairi , Kano Takahito , Fukao Koji , Matsumoto Akikazu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecently the β relaxation draws attention because it may act as a precursor of the α relaxation and potentially influences a wide range of properties. In many cases, the weak intensity of the β relaxation limits the experimental investigation. Herein, the β relaxation of poly(diethyl fumarate) (PDEF) using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and dielectric spectroscopy is investigated. Originating from the absence of methylene spacer in the main chain, polyfumarates possess an intense β relaxation. Unlike common vinyl polymers, PDEF shows two distinct steps in DSC measurement corresponding to α and β relaxations. Interestingly, the relative intensities of α and β relaxations depend on the thermal history. The β relaxation of PDEF obtained by dielectric spectroscopy at high temperature is similar to that of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). However, the β relaxation of PDEF follows the VFT equation rather than the Arrhenius equation at low temperatures. The analysis of PDEF/PMMA blend suggests the local orientation of PDEF chain plays a vital role in the intense β relaxation.
Enhanced Thermal Stability and Electrochemical Performance of Polyacrylonitrile/Cellulose Acetate‐Electrospun Fiber Membrane by Boehmite Nanoparticles: Application to High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Na , Liang Yuhao , Jia Shaojin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, polyacrylonitrile/cellulose acetate (PAN/CA) composite nanofiber membranes with different boehmite contents are prepared by electrospinning. The physical and electrochemical properties of the composite nanofiber membrane as a separator in lithium batteries are investigated. In contrast to commercial polypropylene membrane (PP), the nanocomposite fiber membrane has a 3D network structure, higher porosity, higher thermal stability, higher electrolyte absorptivity, higher ionic conductivity, and better cycling performance. The PAN/CA composite membrane with 12 wt% boehmite has the highest ionic conductivity (1.694 mS cm−1); the specific discharge capacity is 160 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C discharge density and the highest capacity retention rate is 99.3% after 100 cycles. The cycle rate at 2 C has a higher capacity retention rate (88.75%). These results indicate that the PAN/CA/AlOOH composite nanofiber membrane can be expected to replace the commercial polyolefin membrane and behave as a high‐performance separator for lithium‐ion batteries.
Synthetic Biopolymers and Their Composites: Advantages and Limitations—An Overview
Authors: Mtibe Asanda , Motloung Mpho Phillip , Bandyopadhyay Jayita , Ray Suprakas Sinha 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecently, polymer science and engineering research has shifted toward the development of environmentally benign polymers to reduce the impact of plastic leakage on the ecosystems. Stringent regulations and concerns regarding conventional polymers are the main driving forces for the development of renewable, biodegradable, sustainable, and environmentally benign materials. Although biopolymers can alleviate plastic‐related pollution, several factors dictate the utilization of biopolymers. Herein, an overview of the potential and limitations of synthetic biopolymers and their composites in the context of environmentally benign materials for a sustainable future are presented. The synthetic biopolymer market, technical advancements for different applications, lifecycle analysis, and biodegradability are covered. The current trends, challenges, and opportunities for bioplastic recycling are also discussed. In summary, this review is expected to provide guidelines for future development related to synthetic biopolymer‐based sustainable polymeric materials suitable for various applications.
Mesoporous Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Materials with Frank‐Kasper Phases Templated by an Unusual Linear Symmetry Diblock Copolymer
Authors: Chen Wei‐Cheng , Liu Yuan‐Tzu , Kuo Shiao‐Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study the authors used an unusual linear symmetric poly(ethylene oxide‐b‐caprolactone) (PEO‐b‐PCL) diblock copolymer as a template within phenolic/double‐decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) hybrids to synthesize mesoporous phenolic/DDSQ materials having Frank–Kasper (FK) phases (e.g., σ, A15, H, and Z phases). These FK structures are the first to have been prepared using a block copolymer and the first to exist in mesoporous materials. The authors' mesoporous carbon/DDSQ hybrids displayed high capacitance (764 F g−1 at a current of 0.5 A g−1 and 98.4% capacitance retention over 2000 cycles), arising from their high surface areas, high pore volumes, and tunable concentrations of N, O, and Si heteroatoms.
The Lab4P Consortium of Probiotics Attenuates Atherosclerosis in LDL Receptor Deficient Mice Fed a High Fat Diet and Causes Plaque Stabilization by Inhibiting Inflammation and Several Pro‐Atherogenic Processes
Authors: O'Morain Victoria L. , Chan Yee‐Hung , Williams Jessica O. , Alotibi Reem , Alahmadi Alaa , Rodrigues Neil P. , Plummer Sue F. , Hughes Timothy R. , Michael Daryn R. , Ramji Dipak P. 
Published: July 2021

ScopePrevious studies show that Lab4 probiotic consortium plus Lactobacillus plantarum CUL66 (Lab4P) reduces diet‐induced weight gain and plasma cholesterol levels in C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat diet (HFD). The effect of Lab4P on atherosclerosis is not known and is therefore investigated.Methods and ResultsAtherosclerosis‐associated parameters are analyzed in LDL receptor deficient mice fed HFD for 12 weeks alone or supplemented with Lab4P. Lab4P increases plasma HDL and triglyceride levels and decreases LDL/VLDL levels. Lab4P also reduces plaque burden and content of lipids and macrophages, indicative of dampened inflammation, and increases smooth muscle cell content, a marker of plaque stabilization. Atherosclerosis arrays show that Lab4P alters the liver expression of 19 key disease‐associated genes. Lab4P also decreases the frequency of macrophages and T‐cells in the bone marrow. In vitro assays using conditioned media from probiotic bacteria demonstrates attenuation of several atherosclerosis‐associated processes in vitro such as chemokine‐driven monocytic migration, proliferation of monocytes and macrophages, foam cell formation and associated changes in expression of key genes, and proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into the anti‐atherogenic actions of Lab4P together with the underlying mechanisms and supports further assessments in human trials.
Initiation of deep convection through deepening of a well‐mixed boundary layer
Authors: Yano Jun‐Ichi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe present study examines mechanisms by which deep moist convection may be initiated through deepening of a well‐mixed convective boundary layer under large‐scale low‐level convergence. The process is examined using a standard formulation for the well‐mixed boundary layer, in which the depth increases exponentially with time under a constant convergence with height. Consideration is also given to a case with a more realistic mean vertical velocity profile which has a maximum in the middle troposphere and attenuates to zero at the tropopause. In the latter case, the unstable well‐mixed layer under convergence grows to a troposphere‐deep mixed layer. Importantly, under these scenarios, the so‐called convective inhibition (CIN) does not inhibit deepening of a well‐mixed convective boundary layer, nor does deep moist convection need to overcome CIN to initiate.
Isothermal amplification‐based assays for rapid and sensitive detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: Opportunities and recent developments
Authors: Maiti Biswajit , Anupama Karanth Padyana , Rai Praveen , Karunasagar Indrani , Karunasagar Iddya 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a global pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). To date, the virus has been detected in 219 countries of the world. Therefore, managing the disease becomes the priority, in which detecting the presence of the virus is a crucial step. Presently, real‐time RT polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) is considered a gold standard nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT). The test protocol of RT‐qPCR is complicated, places high demands on equipment, testing reagents, research personnel skills and is expensive. Therefore, simpler point‐of‐care (POC) tests are needed to accelerate clinical decision‐making and take some of the workload from centralized test laboratories. Various isothermal amplification‐based assays have been developed for the sensitive detection of different microorganisms, and recently some of them have been applied for detection of SARS‐CoV‐2. These do not require any programable thermocycler, can produce the results in a single temperature, and therefore, are considered simple. Unlike RT‐qPCR, these methods are highly sensitive, specific, less time‐consuming, simple and affordable, and can be used as POC diagnostic kit for COVID‐19. In this review, we have discussed the potential of isothermal amplification‐based assays as an alternative to RT‐qPCR for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2.
Scaling analysis of Richards equation for horizontal infiltration and its approximate solution
Authors: Wang Ziqing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRichards equation (RE) of Brooks–Corey soil is invariant under some scaling transformations and can be reduced to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with scale symmetry analysis. From the reduced ODE, it is convenient to get the solution of RE (mostly numerically). The admissible scaling transformations of RE can transform a given solution to other solutions, by which the explicit relations between wetting front (or its velocity) and boundary moisture and between cumulative infiltration and boundary moisture for horizontal infiltration are deduced. For horizontal infiltration into dry soil with constant boundary moisture, the contour of water distribution curve can be represented by a shape factor R, which can be regarded as a constant for a given soil. Based on the reduced ODE and the parameter R, an explicit approximate solution for horizontal soil water infiltration is proposed, which just relies on R. The shape factor R is related to Brooks–Corey power exponent n and independent of the boundary moisture. With the obtained R–n relations, the relative deviation of the approximate solution can be less than 0.001. The approximate solution keeps high precision in any time range of the infiltration process.
A Ferrocene‐Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework for Enhancing Chemodynamic Therapy via Redox Dyshomeostasis
Authors: Zhou Le‐Le , Guan Qun , Li Wen‐Yan , Zhang Zhiyong , Li Yan‐An , Dong Yu‐Bin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChemodynamic therapy (CDT), which induces cell death by decomposing high levels of H2O2 in tumor cells into highly toxic ·OH, is recognized as a promising antineoplastic approach. However, current CDT approaches are often restricted by the highly controlled and upregulated cellular antioxidant defense. To enhance ·OH‐induced cellular damage by CDT, a covalent organic framework (COF)‐based, ferrocene (Fc)‐ and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor‐loaded nanodrug, RSL3@COF–Fc (2b), is fabricated. The obtained 2b not only promotes in situ Fenton‐like reactions to trigger ·OH production in cells, but also attenuates the repair mechanisms under oxidative stress via irreversible covalent GPX4 inhibition. As a result, these two approaches synergistically result in massive lipid peroxide accumulation, subsequent cell damage, and ultimately ferroptosis, while not being limited by intracellular glutathione. It is believed that this research provides a paradigm for enhancing reactive oxygen species‐mediated oncotherapy through redox dyshomeostasis and may provide new insights for developing COF‐based nanomedicine.
In Situ Growth of Novel Graphene Nanostructures in Reduced Graphene Oxide Microspherical Assembly with Restacking‐Resistance and Inter‐Particle Contacts for Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Kim Young Hwan , Lee Geon‐Woo , Choi Yeon Jun , Kim Kwang‐Bum 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGraphene is extensively investigated for various energy storage systems. However, the very low density (<0.01 g cm−3) of graphene nanosheets has hindered its further applications. To solve this issue, a controlled assembly of 2D graphene building blocks should be developed into graphene microspheres with high packing density, and restacking of graphene should be prevented to ensure an electrochemically accessible surface area during the assembly. Furthermore, graphene microspheres should have multiple 1D external conductive architecture to promote contacts with the neighbors. This study reports in situ growth of novel graphene nanostructures in reduced graphene oxide microspherical assembly (denoted as GT/GnS@rGB) with restacking resistance and interparticle contacts, for electrochemical energy storage. The GT/GnS@rGB showed high gravimetric (231.8 F g−1) and volumetric (181.5 F cm−3) capacitances at 0.2 A g−1 in organic electrolyte with excellent rate capabilities of 94.3% (@ 0.2 vs 10 Ag−1). Furthermore, GT/GnS@rGB exhibited excellent cycling stability (96.1% of the initial capacitance after 100 000 charge/discharge cycles at 2 A g−1). As demonstrated in the electrochemical evaluation as electrode materials for electrical double‐layer capacitors, unique structural and textural features of the GT/GnS@rGB would be beneficial in the use of graphene assembly for energy storage applications.
Response Surface Optimization of Lipase‐Catalyzed Surface Esterification for Modification of Cassava Starch with Rosin Acid
Authors: Yang Hui , Lin Rihui , Fan Yanye , Jiang Sai , Lin Yujiao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe rosin acid starch (RAS) is prepared under the catalysis of lipase, by esterification on the starch particles' surface in a two‐phase reaction system, using rosin acid and native cassava starch as starting materials. The effects of reaction time, solvent types, substrate ratio, reaction temperature, and lipase dosage on the degree of substitution (DS) of RAS are investigated. Based on the single factor experiments, the reaction conditions are optimized according to the principle of the combination Box‐behnken centered design and response surface methodology analysis. The mathematical model of the influence of reaction temperature, material ratio, and enzyme addition amount on DS is established. The optimum synthesis conditions are determined as follows: solvent, trichloromethane; reaction time, 10 h; reaction temperature, 59 °C; substrate ratio (mRosin acid:mstarch), 4.1; and lipase dosage, 264 µL. Under these conditions, it is found that the DS is 0.0608. The analysis of variance and verification experiments show that the mathematical model has good fit degree and high credibility. Compared with the native cassava starch, RAS has improved contact angle, emulsion capacity, and emulsion stability.