bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of psychological treatment of perinatal depression: an overview
Authors: Cuijpers Pim , Karyotaki Eirini 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPerinatal depression is an important public health problem. Psychological interventions play an essential role in the treatment of depression. In the current paper, we will present the results of a series of meta-analyses on psychological treatments of perinatal depression. We report the results of a series of meta-analyses on psychological treatments of depression, including perinatal depression. The meta-analyses are based on a database of randomized trials on psychotherapies for depression that has been systematically developed and updated every year. Psychological interventions are effective in the treatment of perinatal depression with a moderate effect size of g = 0.67, corresponding with a NNT of about 4. These effects were still significant at 12 months after the start of the treatment. These interventions also have significant effects on social support, anxiety, functional impairment, parental stress, and marital stress. Possibly the effects are overestimated because of the use of waiting list control groups, the low quality of the majority of trials and publication bias. Research on psychotherapies for depression in general has shown that there are no significant differences between the major types of therapy, except for non-directive counseling that may have somewhat smaller effects. CBT can also be delivered in individual, group, telephone, and guided self-help format. Interventions in subthreshold depression are also effective and may prevent the onset of a full-blown depressive disorder, while therapies may be less effective in chronic depression. Psychological interventions are effective and deserve their place as first-line treatment of perinatal depression.
The probabilistic model checker Storm
Authors: Hensel Christian , Junges Sebastian , Katoen Joost-Pieter , Quatmann Tim , Volk Matthias 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present the probabilistic model checker Storm. Storm supports the analysis of discrete- and continuous-time variants of both Markov chains and Markov decision processes. Storm has three major distinguishing features. It supports multiple input languages for Markov models, including the Jani and Prism modeling languages, dynamic fault trees, generalized stochastic Petri nets, and the probabilistic guarded command language. It has a modular setup in which solvers and symbolic engines can easily be exchanged. Its Python API allows for rapid prototyping by encapsulating Storm’s fast and scalable algorithms. This paper reports on the main features of Storm and explains how to effectively use them. A description is provided of the main distinguishing functionalities of Storm. Finally, an empirical evaluation of different configurations of Storm on the QComp 2019 benchmark set is presented.
Safety and efficacy of Tolvaptan in real-world patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease- interim results of SLOW-PKD surveillance
Authors: Mochizuki Toshio , Muto Satoru , Miyake Masateru , Tanaka Toshiki , Wang Wenchyi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin type 2 receptor antagonist and has been used to treat autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) since 2014. There has been limited real-world data on the safety and efficacy of tolvaptan.

Methods
This post-marketing surveillance was conducted to evaluate the long-term safety and the efficacy of tolvaptan in Japanese patients with ADPKD in real-world clinical settings. The baseline characteristics of 1630 patients treated with tolvaptan are reported. Safety analysis comprises evaluation of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The efficacy evaluation includes percent change in total kidney volume (TKV) and change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before and after tolvaptan treatment.

Results
Mean age was 49.7 ± 11.2 years and 843 (51.7%) patients were male. Baseline TKV was 2158 ± 1346 mL and eGFR was 44.4 ± 21.7 mL/min/1.73 m2. The majority of CKD patients were stage G3b (27.0%) and G4 (30.1%). Frequently reported ADRs were hepatic function abnormal (8.3%), thirst (8.2%), and hyperuricaemia (6.9%). The frequency of ALT elevation (> 30 and > 90 IU/L) was slightly high (32.9 and 8.3%) to previous studies. After tolvaptan treatment, the annual rate of percentage change in TKV reduced from 11.68%/year to 2.73%/year (P < 0.0001). Similar results were also obtained for the effect on change in eGFR from − 3.31 to − 2.28 mL/min/1.73 m2/year after initiation of tolvaptan treatment (P = 0.0403).

Conclusion
There were no major problems with safety of tolvaptan treatment and comparable efficacy for TKV and eGFR was observed in relation to the previous pivotal two randomized control trials in this post-marketing surveillance.
Faculty Attitudes Towards Article Processing Charges for Open Access Articles
Authors: Halevi Gali , Walsh Samantha 
Published: July 2021

AbstractArticle Processing Charges (APCs) are significant charges for publishing Open Access (OA), and have no accepted standards for authors to source the funds or negotiate the charges. While there is a growing body of literature exploring academic authors’ perceptions of OA publishing, there is little data on how authors pay for APCs. The aim of this study was to examine how authors prepare for and fund APCs, as well as their perceptions of these charges. In early 2021 the authors deployed a survey to Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai faculty members via email. The survey was completed by 310 faculty, representing 10.6% of the active researcher population. Our findings show that about 50% of respondents include anticipated APC costs in grant applications, and that 16% of faculty will pay APCs using personal funds. Questions evaluating perception of APCs show that while the majority of respondents support the concept of Open Access, most believe that charges are too high and should not fall on authors.
Experimental research on water chemistry evolution in case of inadequate conservation protocols: application on surface and groundwater
Authors: Dib Dounia , Ababsa Nawel , Addad Dalila , Kadi Kenza , Khiari Abdelkader , Oualdjaoui Mounia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study conducted from October to December 2020 in the Natural Resources and Sensitive Environment Development Laboratory was to demonstrate the importance of conservation protocols respect throw evolution of water chemistry. Ninety-nine samples representing three water types (tap, spring and mineral water) were analyzed. Storage was at laboratory temperature with no conservation protocol. Studied parameters (temperature, pH, CE, dissolved oxygen, oxydo-reduction potential, total dissolved solids, HCO3−, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42−and Cl−) were determined using standard methods. The data registered from physico-chemical parameters were subjected to different analytical methods to assess the time affect on their values compared with initial state. The results indicate that pH and alkalinity (exprimed in HCO3−) are the most vulnerable to evolution processes with highly significant time factor effect, while the concentrations of chlorides and sulfates with conductivity levels are statistically less evolved. PCA analysis accounting 71.43% of the total variance examines contribution of water type composition as a second variation factor. Projection through F1*F2 plan demonstrates clearly two groups with surface waters (tap water) which are excessively mineralized and groundwaters (spring and bottled waters) in which pH and magnesium parameters variations are the best illustrated.
Psathyrellins A–E, Antibacterial Guanacastane Diterpenoids from Mushroom Psathyrella candolleana
Authors: Wu Han , Yang Hui-Xiang , Li Zheng-Hui , Feng Tao , Liu Ji-Kai 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Five previously undescribed guanacastane diterpenoids, namely psathyrellins A–E (1–5), were obtained from cultures of the mushroom Psathyrella candolleana. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1–3 showed antibacterial activity against four strains with MIC values in a range of 16–128 μg/mL.

Graphic Abstract
Food and alcohol disturbance among young adults during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy: risk and protective factors
Authors: Pompili Sara , Di Tata Daniele , Bianchi Dora , Lonigro Antonia , Zammuto Marta , Baiocco Roberto , Longobardi Emiddia , Laghi Fiorenzo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 lockdown measures have had a significant impact on risk behaviors as alcohol use and disordered eating. However, little is known about a serious health-risk-behavior named “food and alcohol disturbance” (FAD), characterized by engaging in dysfunctional eating on days of planned alcohol consumption. The aim of the present study was to investigate potential factors that may have put young adults at risk or protected against FAD during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Methods
A sample of 447 young adults (280 females, 167 males; range 18–26) completed an online survey during the country’s nationwide lockdown composed of self-reported measures assessing FAD behaviors, alcohol consumption, compensatory behaviors, eating and weight concerns, social support, emotion regulation strategies, and living arrangement.

Results
Our findings showed that FAD was significantly and positively correlated to alcohol consumption, use of laxatives, self-induced vomiting, eating and weight concerns, and expressive suppression, and negatively correlated to social support and living with family. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that alcohol consumption, eating concern, and expression suppression positively predicted FAD, while social support and living with family were negative predictors.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that during the COVID-19 lockdown, preoccupation with eating and the use of expressive suppression may have increased vulnerability to FAD; conversely, perceived social support and living with family may have been a source of protection against this dysfunctional behavior.

Level of evidence
Level V, descriptive study.
Detection of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in unexposed renal transplant patients
Authors: Anft Moritz , Blazquez-Navarro Arturo , Stervbo Ulrik , Skrzypczyk Sarah , Witzke Oliver , Wirth Rainer , Choi Mira , Hugo Christian , Reinke Petra , Meister Toni Luise , Steinmann Eike , Pfaender Stephanie , Schenker Peter , Viebahn Richard , Westhoff Timm H. , Babel Nina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Recent data demonstrate potentially protective pre-existing T cells reactive against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in samples of healthy blood donors, collected before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Whether pre-existing immunity is also detectable in immunosuppressed patients is currently not known.

Methods
Fifty-seven patients were included in this case–control study. We compared the frequency of SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in the samples of 20 renal transplant (RTx) patients to 20 age/gender matched non-immunosuppressed/immune competent healthy individuals collected before the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Seventeen coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients were used as positive controls. T cell reactivity against Spike-, Nucleocapsid-, and Membrane- SARS-CoV-2 proteins were analyzed by multi-parameter flow cytometry. Antibodies were analyzed by neutralization assay.

Results
Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells were detected in the majority of unexposed patients and healthy individuals. In RTx patients, 13/20 showed CD4+ T cells reactive against at least one SARS-CoV-2 protein. CD8+ T cells reactive against at least one SARS-CoV-2 protein were demonstrated in 12/20 of RTx patients. The frequency and Th1 cytokine expression pattern of pre-formed SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cells did not differ between RTx and non-immunosuppressed healthy individuals.

Conclusions
This study shows that the magnitude and functionality of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cell in transplant patients is non-inferior compared to the immune competent cohort. Although several pro-inflammatory cytokines were produced by the detected T cells, further studies are required to prove their antiviral protection.

Graphic abstract
The Wold-Type Decomposition for m-Isometries
Authors: Kośmider Jakub 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study the Wold-type decomposition in the class ofm-isometries. One of our main results establishes an equivalent condition for an analyticm-isometry to admit the Wold-type decomposition for$$m\ge 2$$m≥2. In particular, we introduce thek-kernel condition which we use to characterize analyticm-isometric operators which are unitarily equivalent to unilateral operator valued weighted shifts for$$m\ge 2$$m≥2. As a result, we also show thatm-isometric composition operators on directed graphs with one circuit containing only one element are not unitarily equivalent to unilateral weighted shifts. We also provide a characterization ofm-isometric unilateral operator valued weighted shifts with positive and commuting weights.
A Fully-Automatic Segmentation of the Carpal Tunnel from Magnetic Resonance Images Based on the Convolutional Neural Network-Based Approach
Authors: Yang Tai-Hua , Yang Cheng-Wei , Sun Yung-Nien , Horng Ming-Huwi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Carpal tunnel syndrome is one of the common peripheral neuropathies. For magnetic resonance imaging, segmentation of the carpal tunnel and its contents, including flexor tendons and the median nerve for magnetic resonance images is an important issue. In this study, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model, which was modified by the original DeepLabv3 + model to segment three primary structures of the carpal tunnel: the carpal tunnel, flexor tendon, and median nerve.

Methods
To extract important feature maps for segmentation of the carpal tunnel, flexor tendon, and median nerve, the proposed CNN model termed modified DeepLabv3 + uses DenseNet-121 as a backbone and adds dilated convolution to the original spatial pyramid pooling module. A MaskTrack method was used to refine the segmented results generated by modified DeepLabv3 + , which have a small and blurred appearance. For evaluation of the segmentation results, the average Dice similarity coefficients (ADSC) were used as the performance index.

Results
Sixteen MR images corresponding to different subjects were obtained from the National Cheng Kung University Hospital. Our proposed modified DeepLabv3 + generated the following ADSCs: 0.928 for carpal tunnel, 0.872 for flexor tendons and 0.785 for the median nerve. The ADSC value of 0.8053 generated the MaskTrack that 0.22 ADSC measure were improved for measuring the median nerve.

Conclusions
The experimental results showed that the proposed modified DeepLabv3 + model can promote segmentations of the carpal tunnel and its contents. The results are superior to the results generated by original DeepLabv3 + . Additionally, MaskTrack can also effectively refine median nerve segmentations.
On the Hodge conjecture for quasi-smooth intersections in toric varieties
Authors: Bruzzo Ugo , Montoya William 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe establish the Hodge conjecture for some subvarieties of a class of toric varieties. First we study quasi-smooth intersections in a projective simplicial toric variety, which is a suitable notion to generalize smooth complete intersection subvarieties in the toric environment, and in particular quasi-smooth hypersurfaces. We show that under appropriate conditions, the Hodge conjecture holds for a very general quasi-smooth intersection subvariety, generalizing the work on quasi-smooth hypersurfaces of the first author and Grassi in Bruzzo and Grassi (Commun Anal Geom 28: 1773–1786, 2020). We also show that the Hodge Conjecture holds asymptotically for suitable quasi-smooth hypersurface in the Noether–Lefschetz locus, where “asymptotically” means that the degree of the hypersurface is big enough, under the assumption that the ambient variety $${{\mathbb {P}}}_\Sigma ^{2k+1}$$

P
Σ

2
k
+
1

has Picard group $${\mathbb {Z}}$$
Z
. This extends to a class of toric varieties Otwinowska’s result in Otwinowska (J Alg Geom 12: 307–320, 2003).
Indus river estuary: an assessment of potential risk of contaminants and ecosystem susceptibility
Authors: Mairaj Mushaiyada , Panhwar Sher Khan , Qamar Nazia , Rashid Shahnaz 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Indus River is proclaimed as second most plastic-polluted rivers of the world. This river is the principal river of Pakistan and supplies freshwater for agriculture and human consumption. Its terminus into the northern Arabian Sea creates a unique ecosystem that supports a variety of aquatic organisms. In this study we have evaluate the heavy metal concentration in fishes sampled from the IRE. Muscle tissues from five fish species of ecologically and economically important were sampled and the concentrations of cadmium (0.125‒1.025 µg g−1, 0.93 ± 0.33), lead (0.250‒2.560 µg g−1, 0.92 ± 0.86), arsenic (4.178‒6.337 µg g−1, 4.24 ± 2.13) and mercury (BDL‒0.116 µg g−1, 0.05 ± 0.04) were found to be beyond optimum level. We determined the pollution load index which indicated that the IRE pollution exhibits significant seasonal oscillations. In addition to the heavy metal assay we note the frequent appearance of abnormal fishes caught in the IRE, which validates the pollution load. Multivariate approaches, canonical correspondence analysis and cluster analysis, were used to evaluate the relationships among environmental variables that influence metal concentration. This study is the first to document heavy metals detected from fishes inhabiting in IRE and highlights concerns regarding the need for management measures.

Highlights

We examined heavy metals in commercial and ecological valuable fishes in the Indus River Estuary (IRE) for the first time.

Multivariate approaches were used to determine the efficacy of environmental parameters to predict heavy metal concentration.

We described the presence of fish abnormalities as a result of contamination in the IRE.

We observe that the mechanism of action of organism health and food contamination in the IRE is poorly understood.
Citizen of the Staatsoper: Erich Kleiber's Musical Migration
Authors: Orzoff Andrea 
Published: July 2021

AbstractConductor Erich Kleiber was born in Vienna, made his reputation in Berlin, fled Nazism for Latin America, and tried briefly to return to postwar East Berlin before dying in 1956. His life illustrates the wide diversity in mid-century migratory stories. For so many of Kleiber's fellow migrants, flight disrupted established structures, contexts and networks. More recently, scholars have emphasized refugees' creative self-reinvention. Kleiber's story illustrates both these outcomes while embodying neither; his narrative is one of musical and political continuity, involving a particular kind of Habsburg cultural nostalgia, insulated by his wealth and fame.
AUTONOMY TO SET THE LEVEL OF REGULATORY PROTECTION IN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT LAW
Authors: Paine Joshua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article argues that State autonomy in setting the level of protection for permissible regulatory aims can be better operationalised in the investment treaty regime. The article draws on comparative insights from WTO law, where it is established that WTO members have the right to determine the level of protection for permissible regulatory aims, although significant disciplines are placed on the means used to achieve those aims. It is then argued that investment treaties are, properly interpreted, consistent with the idea that States retain autonomy to determine the level of protection for permissible regulatory aims. Finally, the article proposes removing from the fair and equitable treatment and indirect expropriation standards proportionality balancingstricto sensu, as this undermines State autonomy in setting the level of protection. Overall, this article argues for a partial reorientation of investment law, in which non-discriminatory measures that pursue a permissible regulatory aim, including at a particular level, should not amount to a breach of a treaty where a State uses the means that involve the least possible restriction of the competing interests protected by relevant investment treaty obligations.
Continuous phase transitions on Galton–Watson trees
Authors: Johnson Tobias 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDistinguishing between continuous and first-order phase transitions is a major challenge in random discrete systems. We study the topic for events with recursive structure on Galton–Watson trees. For example, let
$\mathcal{T}_1$
be the event that a Galton–Watson tree is infinite and let
$\mathcal{T}_2$
be the event that it contains an infinite binary tree starting from its root. These events satisfy similar recursive properties:
$\mathcal{T}_1$
holds if and only if
$\mathcal{T}_1$
holds for at least one of the trees initiated by children of the root, and
$\mathcal{T}_2$
holds if and only if
$\mathcal{T}_2$
holds for at least two of these trees. The probability of
$\mathcal{T}_1$
has a continuous phase transition, increasing from 0 when the mean of the child distribution increases above 1. On the other hand, the probability of
$\mathcal{T}_2$
has a first-order phase transition, jumping discontinuously to a non-zero value at criticality. Given the recursive property satisfied by the event, we describe the critical child distributions where a continuous phase transition takes place. In many cases, we also characterise the event undergoing the phase transition.
Crustal Velocity Variations and Constraints on Material Properties in the Charlevoix Seismic Zone, Eastern Canada
Authors: Onwuemeka J. , Liu Y. , Harrington R. M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCrustal velocity variation within impact‐related seismic zones is commonly attributed to factors such as the presence of dense fracture networks, fluid pressure change, and compositional variations. In this study, we combine seismic tomography, rock physics analysis, and gravity anomaly modeling to quantitatively investigate the mechanisms that influence crustal velocity heterogeneities in the Charlevoix Seismic Zone (CSZ), the most active seismic zone in eastern Canada. Earthquakes in the CSZ align in two broad NE‐SW trending clusters, possibly due to the reactivation of St. Lawrence paleorift faults. Within the meteorite impact structure, earthquakes are diffusely distributed, and ubiquitous lower velocity volumes have been attributed to crustal damage from tectonic inheritance exacerbated by the meteorite impact. The Bouguer gravity anomaly contrast across the St. Lawrence River is due to density disparities between the Grenville Province on the north shore and the Appalachians on the south shore. We find a higher velocity region northeast of the impact structure that does not exhibit an observable gravity anomaly, which suggests the co‐existence of rock types of comparable densities but different elastic moduli (e.g., anorthosite and charnockite). Outside the impact structure, compositional variations control velocity changes, whereas inside the impact structure, velocity variations can be explained by porosity enhancement of up to 10% by low (0.1) aspect‐ratio cracks. Our results suggest that intense fracturing and compositional alteration, rather than pore pressure change, have the primary control on seismic velocity variations, and consequently, earthquake processes in the CSZ.