bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variable Intraspecific Space Use Supports Optimality in an Apex Predator
Authors: Finnegan S. P. , Svoboda N. J. , Fowler N. L. , Schooler S. L. , Belant J. L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Within optimality theory, an animal’s home range can be considered a fitness-driven attempt to obtain resources for survival and reproduction while minimizing costs. We assessed whether brown bears (Ursus arctos) in two island populations maximized resource patches within home ranges (Resource Dispersion Hypothesis [RDH]) or occupied only areas necessary to meet their biological requirements (Temporal Resource Variability Hypothesis [TRVH]) at annual and seasonal scales. We further examined how intrinsic factors (age, reproductive status) affected optimal choices. We found dynamic patterns of space use between populations, with support for RDH and TRVH at both scales. The RDH was likely supported seasonally as a result of bears maximizing space use to obtain a mix of nutritional resources for weight gain. While annually, support for RDH likely reflected changing abundances and distributions of foods within different timber stand classes. TRVH was supported at both scales, with bears minimizing space use when food resources were temporally concentrated. Range sizes and optimal strategies varied among sex and reproductive classes, with males occupying larger ranges, supporting mate seeking behavior and increased metabolic demands of larger body sizes. This work emphasizes the importance of scale when examining animal movement ecology, as optimal behavioral decisions are scale dependent.
WITHDRAWN: Spexin Levels are Associated with Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Zhu Lu , Zheng Hangping , Jiang Yaojing , Zhang Qi , Lu Bin , Li Yiming , Liu Rui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Spexin is implicated in multiple functions of energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis regulation. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes and approximately half of the patients with DPN suffer from neuropathic pain. Recent experimental studies in mice have shown that Spexin has an antinociceptive effect, but there are no relevant reports in clinical studies. This study aimed to evaluate Spexin levels in people with painful DPN and controls and assess the correlation between serum Spexin levels and painful DPN.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 20 patients with diabetes but without DPN (non-DPN) as a control group, 24 patients with painless DPN, and 16 patients with painful DPN. Questionnaires and laboratory surveys were conducted to collect demographic and clinical data. The existence and severity of DPN were assessed using neurological symptom score, neurological examination, and electromyography. Serum Spexin levels were measured by ELISA. Results: Serum Spexin levels of patients with painful DPN were significantly lower than those of non-DPN patients (p<0.001) and painless DPN patients (p=0.035). Serum Spexin levels were negatively correlated with neuropathic pain score. Compared with individuals with higher levels of Spexin, the prevalence rate of painful DPN in those with lower levels of Spexin was signiﬁcantly higher. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios for painful DPN were significantly elevated along with decreasing Spexin levels even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, diabetes duration, HbA1c, 2hPBG, hypertension and smoking or drinking status. serum Spexin levels have a sensitivity of 84.1% and a specificity of 56.2% for predicting painful DPN.Conclusions: Decreased serum Spexin levels were strongly associated with painful DPN, suggesting a possible role of this peptide in pain-related pathogenesis.
Se-Methylselenocyteine, D-α-Tocopheryl Succinate, β-Carotene and L-Lysine Combined Can Prevent Cancer Metastases as an Adjuvant Therapy
Authors: Li Shuhui , Cheng Yunlong , Lian Shu , Lu Yusheng , Wang Jie , Deng Xiaoxiao , Zhai Shengyi , Jia Lee 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Primary tumour treatment by surgical resection and adjuvant therapy has been extensively studied, but there is a lack of effective strategies and drugs for the treatment of tumour metastases. Here, we show a functional combined product based on their individual well-known mechanisms for inhibiting cancer metastases, improving anti-cancer treatment, and enhancing immunity and antioxidant capacity as an adjuvant therapy. MVBL, our designed combination, consists of four inexpensive compounds: L-Se-methylselenocysteine, D-α-tocopheryl succinate, β-carotene and L-lysine. In this study, MVBL exhibited higher toxicity toward tumour cells than toward normal cells. It did not significantly affect the cancer cell cycle but increased their apoptosis. Wound healing, adhesion, and transwell assays showed that MVBL significantly inhibited tumour cell migration, adhesion and invasion. MVBL sensitized MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to paclitaxel, indicating that MVBL had a synergistic effect as an adjuvant. In addition, animal experimental data showed that MVBL inhibited mouse tumour cell metastasis, prolonged survival time, and enhanced antioxidant capacity and immune function in mice. In summary, this study reveals the roles of MVBL in improving immunity and antioxidation, preventing tumour growth, and inhibiting metastasis in vitro and in vivo. MVBL may be used as an adjuvant cancer therapy for improving survival and quality of life among cancer patients.
Computed Tomography Imaging Results of Single Band Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Retrospective Study Comparing Fixed- and Adjustable-Length Loop Cortical Fixation on the First Day After Surgery
Authors: Yin Lifeng , Zhang Hua , Liu Junbo , zhang xingyu , wen zhengxing , Zhang Jian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Cortical suspensory femoral fixation is commonly performed for graft fixation of the femur in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using hamstring tendons. This study aimed to compare the morphology of femoral tunnel and graft insertion between fixed-length loop devices (FLD) and adjustable-length loop devices (ALD) using computed tomography (CT) images on the first day after hamstring ACL reconstruction. Methods: Overall, 94 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction from January 2016 to January 2021 were included. For femoral graft fixation, FLD (Smith & Nephew, ENDOBUTTON) and ALD (DePuy Synthes, Mitek sports medicine, RIGIDLOOP Adjustable cortical system) were used in 56 and 38 patients, respectively (FLD and ALD groups). For evaluation of the morphology of the humeral tunnel and graft depth, CT scans were performed immediately on the first postoperative day. The gap distance between the top of the graft and the socket tunnel end, the length of lateral bone preservation, and the depth of graft insertion were measured on the CT images. Results: The gap distance and bone preservation significantly differed between the two groups (1.90±1.81 mm and 14.35±4.67 mm in ALD groups; 7.08±2.63 mm and 7.35±3.62 mm in FLD groups, respectively; both P values < 0.01). The graft insertion depth did not significantly differ between the groups. Conclusion: The ALD group had a smaller gap distance, better bone preservation, and a similar graft insertion length in the femoral tunnel when compared to the FLD group. Based on these findings, ALD might be better for bone preservation and tunnel utilization in patients with short femoral tunnels. Trial registration: retrospectively registered
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Three Cases with Recurrent Orbital Solitary Fibrous Tumors: A Retrospective Study and Literature Review
Authors: Cui Jinlong , Wang Xiawei , Cui Hongguang , Long Yan , Zhu MiaoMiao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a spindle cell neoplasm that rarely occurs in orbit. This study aimed to report clinical, imaging, and pathological features of three patients with recurrent orbital SFTs.Methods Clinical, imaging, and pathological data of the three patients were retrospectively reviewed, and the results were compared with those of previously reported cases with recurrent orbital SFT. Results One female and two male patients (mean age, 54 years old) were included in this study. The present cases and literature review showed that the average time to recurrence in patients who aged under 50 years old was shorter than that in those who aged over 50 years old. The most common site for recurrent orbital SFT was the retrobulbar area of the orbit (23.8%). Imaging examinations showed consistent intensity of MRI signals before and after recurrence. Immunohistochemical results of all cases revealed the expressions of CD34. The mitotic rate increased in 4/8 cases, and the percentage of Ki-67-positive cells was elevated in 5/16 cases. Conclusion These results suggested that young patients were more likely subjected to recurrent orbital SFT. The postoperative pathological diagnosis revealed that patients with recurrent orbital SFT had more nuclear abnormalities and mitotic activity, as well as a higher percentage of Ki-67-positive cells, indicating that orbital recurrent SFT tended to be malignant according to both morphological features and immunohistochemistry results.
Role of diffusion kurtosis imaging for detecting brain microstructural changes in complete remission childhood survivors undergoing chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Liang Yiwen , Wei Ke , Liu Longping , Cao Weiguo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives

Some children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving chemotherapy may sustain brain microstructural damages that impair their neurocognitive function and affect their quality of life to varying degrees. This study aims to determine whether diffusion kurtosis imaging could detect brain microstructural changes in newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients before and after normalization in complete remission after chemotherapy.
Methods

Twenty newly diagnosed patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 20 healthy controls matched by sex and were enrolled in this study in the Shenzhen Children's Hospital from August 2019 to December 2020. Head MRI scans were performed mean kurtosis, axial kurtosis and radial kurtosis values were calculated before and after complete remission.
Results

There were significant decreases observed in mean kurtosis and axial kurtosis in both the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum after chemotherapy among patients under 5 years old who have also achieved complete remission. The diffusion kurtosis imaging parameters were measured in the bilateral frontal lobe and corpus callosum; there were no obvious changes observed among patients older than 5 years old.
Conclusion

Brain microstructure damage can occur in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during the early stage of chemotherapy. The location of the damage is significantly correlated with the patient’s age. Early recognition of changes in diffusion kurtosis imaging parameters of brain microstructure damage in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients may help improve patient prognosis.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Acute Lung Injury in Mice Partly by Suppressing Alveolar Macrophage Activation in a PGE2-dependent Manner
Authors: Wang Gaojian , Zhang Yaping , Hu Nianqiang , Liu Qinxue , Ma Fengjie , Xie Junran 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cell have shown therapeutic effect on acute lung injury, MSC could be activated when added to inflammatory environment and in turn suppress inflammation, yet the mechanism is complex and not understood. Methods: To determine the effect of MSC on ALI and alveolar macrophage activation, MSCs were administered to ALI mice and co-cultured with activated MH-S cells (alveolar macrophage cell line). To find the genes critical for MSC’s immunosuppressive effects, rest and activated MSCs induced by inflammatory MH-S cells were harvested for RNA-seq. To prove that PGE2 participates in the immunosuppressive effects of MSC, COX2 inhibitor and PGE2 receptor antagonist were added to the co-culture system and administrated to ALI mice. Results: The intratracheal administration of MSCs attenuated ALI and suppressed alveolar macrophages activation in vivo, the activation of MH-S cells was also significantly reduced after co-culturing with MSCs in vitro. The RNA-seq data of rest and activated MSCs suggested that the Ptgs2 gene may play an important role in MSC exerting immunosuppressive effects. Correspondingly, we found that the COX2 protein and PGE2 released by activated MSCs were increased dramatically after co-culturing with MH-S. The use of COX2 inhibitor NS-398 restrained the secretion of PGE2 and reversed the suppressive effect on macrophages activation of MSCs in vitro. Furthermore, GW627368X, a selective antagonist of PGE2 receptor (EP4 receptor), also reversed the inhibitory effects of MSCs on alveolar macrophages and their protective effects on ALI mice.Conclusions: MSC attenuate ALI partly through suppressing alveolar macrophage activation via PGE2 binding to EP4 receptor.
Electronic structure, stability, and cooperativity of chalcogen bonding in sulfur dioxide and hydrated sulfur dioxide clusters: a DFT study and wave functional analysis
Authors: Sathiyamoorthy Venkataramanan Natarajan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Density functional theory calculations and wave functional analysis are used to examine the (SO2)n and (SO2)n–H2O clusters with n = 1–7. The nature of interactions is explored by molecular electrostatic potentials, electron density distribution, atoms in molecules, noncovalent interaction, and energy decomposition analysis. The putative global minimum of SO2 molecules has a 3D growth pattern with tetrahedral. In the hydrated SO2 clusters, the pure hydrogen bond isomers are less stable than the O···S chalcogen bond isomers. The cluster absorption energy of SO2 on water increases with the size of sulfur dioxide, implying reactivity of sulfur dioxide with water increases with size. The presence of cooperativity was evident from the excellent linearity plot of binding energy/polarizability vs the number of SO2 molecules. Molecular electrostatic potential analysis elucidates the reason for the facile formation of S···O chalcogen than hydrogen bonding in hydrated sulfur dioxide. Atoms in molecule analysis characterize the bonds chalcogen and H bonds to be weak and electrostatic dominant. EDA analysis shows electrostatic interaction is dominated in complexes with more intermolecular chalcogen bonding and orbital interaction for systems with intermolecular H-bonding. The reduced density gradient (RDG) analysis of sulfur dioxide clusters has blue patches and green patches due to S···O chalcogen bonding O···O electrostatic interaction. The RDG analysis of hydrated sulfur dioxide clusters shows intensive blue patches and green patches for the existence of S···O chalcogen and hydrogen bonding respectively. Thus, the presence of strong electrostatic S···O chalcogen interaction and weak H bonds acts cooperatively and stabilize the hydrated sulfur dioxide clusters.
Chronic Progression of Lung Cancer Recurrence After Surgery: Warning Role of Postoperative Pneumonia
Authors: Lin Dong-qi , Zhu Jin-guo , Xu Xiao-hua , Xiao Ke , Wen Xu-qing , Zheng Qi-fa , Zhou Yu-hua , Cai Xin-ying 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The association between the process of postoperative pneumonia and lung cancer recurrence remains elusive in lung cancer surgery. We investigated the association between postoperative pneumonia and lung cancer recurrence development, emphasizing the warning role of postoperative specific pneumonia, in primary lung cancer resection patients.Methods: We assessed the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia in four to six months (PPFS), seven to twelve month (PPST), and lung cancer recurrence within one year (LRO) in 332 patients. The primary outcome was the development of PPST and LRO according to PPFS occurrence. Relevant risk factors of PPFS, PPST and LRO were identified through multivariable regression analysis.Results: During follow-up, 151 participants (45.48%) experienced PPFS outcomes. Regardless of the existing of postoperative pneumonia in one to three months (PPOT), PPFS increased the risk of PPST (OR: 2.886, 95% CI: 1.193-6.978, P<0.01 and LRO (OR: 2.793, 95% CI: 1.406- 5.552, P<0.01), and persistent PPST further increased the risk of LRO (OR:16.271, 95% CI: 6.757-39.182, P<0.001). Generalized estimating equation identified chemotherapy or targeted therapy as independent risk factors for PPFS and PPST.Conclusions: PPFS was associated with increased risk of PPST and LRO. Postoperative pulmonary inflammation assessed 4 months post-surgery also significantly influenced LRO development, indicating a need for close follow-up of lung inflammatory conditions to improve patient outcomes.
A reference gene catalogue of chicken gut antibiotic resistomes
Authors: Yang Jintao , Tong Cuihong , Xiao Danyu , Xie Longfei , Zhao Ruonan , Huo Zhipeng , Tang Ziyun , Hao Jie , Zeng Zhenling , Xiong Wenguang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The chicken gut microbiota, as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), poses a high risk to humans and animals worldwide. Yet a comprehensive exploration of the chicken gut antibiotic resistomes remains incomplete. Results: In this study, we established the largest chicken gut resistance gene catalogue to date through metagenomic analysis of 629 chicken gut samples. We found significantly higher abundance of ARGs in the Chinese chicken gut than that in the Europe. tetX, mcr, and blaNDM, the genes resistant to antibiotics of last resort for human and animal health, were frequently detected in the Chinese chicken gut. The abundance of ARGs was linearly correlated with that of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). The host-tracking analysis identified Escherichia, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, and Lactobacillus as the major ARG hosts. Especially, Lactobacillus, an intestinal probiotic, carried multiple drug resistance genes, and was proportional to ISLhe63, highlighting its potential risk in agricultural production processes. Conclusions: We first established a reference gene catalogue of chicken gut antibiotic resistomes. Our study help to improve the knowledge and understanding of chicken antibiotic resistomes for knowledge-based sustainable chicken meat production.
Bioinformatics and Prediction Analysis of Long Non-coding RNAs in the Regulation of Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Invasion
Authors: Leung Dexter Hoi Long , Hassanudin Siti Ayuni , Kamarudin Muhamad N.A , Moriya Shogo , Soga Tomoko , Ponnampalam Stephen Navendran , Seera Manjeevan , Parhar Ishwar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been identified in the regulation of cell-invasion via various cellular processes. Research on lncRNAs is however lacking in the context of Glioblastoma (GBM), which held-up identification of GBM-related lncRNAs via bioinformatic databases. This study intends to identify potential lncRNA candidates in the regulation of GBM cell-invasion based on target miRNA and mRNA/proteins. Microarray was carried out to identify upregulated lncRNA in GBM and astrocytoma cells, followed by bioinformatics-based prediction analysis to identify lncRNAs involved in cellular processes related to GBM cell-invasion. A total of 372 and 806 upregulated lncRNA were identified in GBM and astrocytoma cells. From these lncRNAs, 8 lncRNAs were predicted based on functions of target proteins; LINC00221 associated with EMT, LINC01564 and LINC00265 with angiogenesis, and LOC100240735 with cell-migration. Network analysis of lncRNA based on function of target miRNAs predicted LINC00999, ALOX12-AS1, CHKB-AS1, and LINC01588 as regulators of angiogenesis, with LINC00482, LINC00239, and LINC01003 for regulation of EMT. Based on the network analysis, three novel lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interacting axis from NEAT1, CRNDE, and SNHG1 were predicted to regulate GBM invasion. These findings have allowed prediction of lncRNA as regulators of GBM cell-invasion which can be considered as potential candidates for experimental studies as a GBM prognostic biomarkers.
Identification of RNA Binding Protein Signature to Predict Overall Survival for Bladder Cancer
Authors: Li Danxia , Han Wenkai , Che Kai , niu haitao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Bladder urothelial cancer (BLCA) is the 10th most common and 13th most deadly cancer globally. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) were reported to participate in the occurrence and progression of varieties of diseases, including malignant tumors. However, the role of RBPs in BLCA is rarely reported. Methods: We downloaded the transcriptome sequence gene expression data and the related clinical data from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database, and identified the differently expressed RBPs between BLCA and normal tissues. We explored the biological function by gene ontology (GO) enrichment and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (KEGG) enrichment analysis. 388 key RBPs were obtained by protein-protein interaction (PPI). We constructed a prognostic risk model, explored the risk score related to BLCA, and validated the results both in the test group and HPA database. Results: In total, 388 differently expressed RBPs were discovered. Five prognostically relevant hub RBPs (YARS, EFTUD2, OAS1, DARS2, TRIM71) were used to construct a prognostic model based on multiple Cox analysis. We found that the overexpression of YARS, EFTUD2, DARS2, and TRIM71 were unfavorable prognostic factors for BLCA patients. Furthermore, we validated the results by the TCGA cohort and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Conclusion: We identified five RNA binding protein signatures to predict the overall survival for BLCA patients, which provide new insights for the pathogenesis and treatment of BLCA.
Optimal Surgical Margin to Avoid Locoregional Recurrence for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Larger than 2.0 cm: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Suzuki Shigeki , Kazama Akio , Shigenobu Takao , Sakamaki Hiroyuki , Masugi Yohei , Tajima Atsushi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background. A parenchymal surgical margin of“the clinical tumor size or more” or “2.0 cm or more” has been widely recognized as the optimal margin distance to avoid locoregional recurrence after sublobar resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of 2.0 cm or less. However, the safe margin distance to avoid locoregional recurrence for NSCLC larger than 2.0 cm remains unclear. Patients and Methods. Among 1,338 patients with resected primary lung cancers at two institutions between 2007 and 2016, 85 clinical N0M0 patients with NSCLCs larger than 2.0 cm who underwent sublobar resection were extracted. We classified these 85 NSCLCs as ground glass opacity (GGO)-dominant type or solid-dominant type according to computed tomography (CT) findings. Clinicopathological characteristics and the association between locoregional recurrence and margin distance were evaluated. Results. The median clinical tumor size was 2.5 (2.1-4.9) cm. Based on CT findings, 14 tumors (16%) were considered GGO-dominant type and 71 (84%) were solid-dominant type. No lymph node metastasis, lymphatic permeation or vascular invasion was pathologically confirmed in GGO-dominant type. All GGO-dominant tumors were resected with a margin distance the size of the solid part on CT or more, resulting in no local recurrence, whereas, solid-dominant tumors recurred locally even if they were resected with a margin distance of “the clinical tumor size or more”. Conclusions. The optimal surgical margin for NSCLC larger than 2.0 cm was “the size of the solid part on CT or more” for GGO-dominant type, but undefinable for solid-dominant type.