bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The translation for dubbing of Westerns in Spain
Authors: Sanderson John D. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze the process by which the audiovisual translation of American films has contributed to develop sociolects composed of distinctive lexis in various languages (Spanish or Italian, for instance) linked to specific genres such as Westerns or science fiction. With the compilation of a parallel corpus of source texts in English and their translation into Spanish, a diachronic analysis would enable researchers to identify linguistic recurrences that have developed them in a target culture. The Western, the most distinctive American film genre and culturally alien in origin to other cultural contexts, is chosen to analyze how a sociolect was formed in Spain with lexical elements, many of which did not follow word usage rules, but that became a requirement for acceptability in its polysystem.
Homogeneity of the negatively charged assembly of nitrogen vacancy centres in diamonds using the Quasi-finite-element optical scanning position method
Authors: Zheng Doudou , Ma Zongmin , Zhang Yangang , Fu Yueping , Wei Jiuyan , Yuan Hua , Qin Li , Shi Yunbo , Tang Jun , Liu Jun , Li Yanjun , Sugawara Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We developed a versatile Quasi-finite-element scanning method to analyse the concentration and homogeneity of the ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV−) centres in block diamonds. In this method,

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area of the bulk diamond with high-density NV− centres was divided into small pieces at the nanoscale by using a focused light beam. The concentration of NV− centres was obtained and imaged through the fluorescence intensity of each pixel by employing a home-built spectrometer. In addition, global and local homogeneities were introduced to evaluate the NV− centre distribution. NV− centres in a specific pixel exhibited preferred direction growth peaks attributed to the diamond crystal orientation. Moreover, the uniformity of NV− centres was not proportional to the electron irradiation duration, but an optimal time was observed. This study can be beneficial for enhancing the sensitivities of bulk magnetometry based on confocal systems.
Improvement on the manipulation of a single nitrogen-vacancy spin and microwave photon at single-quantum level
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Lü Dong-Yan , Wang Guang-Hui , Fu Yan-Hua , He Ming-Yao , Ren Hong-Tao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
It remains a great challenge to realize direct manipulation of a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spin at the single-quantum level with a microwave (MW) cavity. As an alternative, a hybrid system with the spin–phonon–photon triple interactions mediated by a squeezed cantilever-type harmonic resonator is proposed. According to the general mechanical parametric amplification of this in-between phonon mode, the direct spin–phonon and photon–phonon couplings are both exponentially enhanced, which can even further improve the coherent manipulation of a single NV spin and MW photon with a higher efficiency. In view of this triple system with enhanced couplings and the additional sideband adjustable designs, this scheme may provide a more efficient phonon-mediated platform to bridge or manipulate the MW quantum and a single electron spin coherently. It is also hoped to evoke wider applications in the areas of quantum state transfer and preparation, ultrasensitive detection and quantum nondestructive measurement, etc.
Research on Directional Forming Process of 316L Alloy Laser
Authors: HaoLu  , HuLi  , LidaZhu  , Su Jikang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper uses 316L stainless steel as the powder and matrix material for laser cladding. The scanning speed is 8.18mm/s, the powder feeding rate is 1.15r/min, and the laser melting is performed with a constant laser power (1002.74W) and a layer-by-layer reduction. The laser cladding experiment of single channel multilayer straight thin-walled parts is carried out under the above machining parameters. Lower power laser cladding layer by layer can effectively control the molten pool volume and improve the forming quality and precision of straight thin-walled parts. And it can be observed that the microstructure from bottom to top changes from columnar crystals to equiaxed crystals and then to columnar crystals.
The Kinetics of Iodine Content Decreasein Fortified Rice During Storage
Authors: Cahyadi W , Taufik Y , Yuliani S , Surahman DN 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) is a major public health problem in several areas of the world, especially in developing countries. Iodine deficiency can cause goitre, cretinism, decrease of intelligence, mental retardation, brain damage, deaf-mutism, and cause miscarriage in pregnant women and stillbirth as well. The purpose of this research was to determine the stability of the iodine content and determine the kinetics of reaction rate of iodine content decrease in fortified rice during storage. The research was carried out in several steps, i.e. preparation of microcapsules containing iodine, fortification of microencapsulated iodine into rice, determination of iodine content in fortified riceand determination of the kinetics of iodine content decrease in fortified rice during storage. The determination of the kinetics of iodine content decrease in fortified rice was carried out using accelerated self-life test (ASLT) by Arrhenius equation methods.Theresultsshowed that the average of kineticsrateofiodine content decrease in fortified rice (k) was 0.0141 mg kg−1hour−1 and 1.692 kcal mol−1K−1 of activation energy (Ea), which indicated that iodine content (as KIO3) in fortified rice was fairly stable during storage, although there was still a decrease in iodine content caused by several factors (i.e. temperature, atmosphere, humidity, oxygen and moisture content). The results showed also that the increase in storage temperature can cause the increment of the kinetics value (rate constant) of iodine content decrease. The longest shelf life of fortified rice was 92 days at storage temperature of 25°C.
Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm adsorption using activated charcoal from banana peel to reduce total suspended solid (TSS) levels in tofu industry liquid waste
Authors: Budhiary Kadek Novi Sri , Sumantri Indro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The tofu industry is currently growing very rapidly both on a home industry scale and on a factory scale, in the process of making tofu solid and liquid waste are produced. Solid waste is usually used for animal feed, while liquid waste is not treated. Tofu industrial liquid waste contains very high Total Suspended Solid (TSS), if the liquid waste is disposed of directly into the water it can pollute the aquatic ecosystem. One way to reduce pollution is to use activated charcoal from plantain peels as adsorbent. This study aims to determine the appropriate adsorption isotherm model in the absorption process to reduce the level of Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of tofu industrial wastewater with variations in the mass of activated charcoal (100 grams; 200 grams and 300 grams) and adsorption time (20 minutes; 40 minutes).; 60 minutes; 80 minutes and 100 minutes). The equation used in the adsorption process is the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm adsorption equation. The experimental results show that the largest TSS value adsorbed by activated charcoal is 200 grams with a contact time of 60 minutes. The suitable equation for determining the maximum adsorption capacity of activated charcoal in the TSS absorption process of tofu industrial wastewater is the equation Freundlich with R2 = 1. The maximum adsorption power of activated charcoal on the TSS absorption of tofu industrial wastewater was 51,8134 mg / L.
RETRACTED: Fast Hybrid Adaboost Binary Classifier For Brain Tumor Classification
Authors: Jayaprada S. , JayaLakshmi G. , KanyaKumari L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The brain tumor is a dangerous disease and its characterization is a difficult undertaking for radiologists in light of the heterogeneous idea of the tumor cells. Computer-Aided tasks and its implementation of the current models with their frameworks would suffice the design metrics to recognize and relate the different tumors including brain though the process with scanning of the brain would emphasize on MRI. The models with support vector machine-nearest neighbor, naïve bayes analysis are obtained aren’t enough to produce the different scenario at each set of layers and its correlation values of the performance observed. We propose a design model with fast Adaboost binary classifier, ensemble approach with fast boosting algorithm with the pre-trained model’s dataset to analyze the different problem which proposes a strategy for multiple application scenarios of feature extraction to provide a classification model for different tumors in the brain to improve different performance parametric values for each trained and test sets with the prediction algorithm with each design formulation.
Retitling, Cultural Appropriation, and Aboriginal Title
Authors: Xhignesse Michel-Antoine 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In 2018, the Art Gallery of Ontario retitled a painting by Emily Carr which contained an offensive word. Controversy ensued, with some arguing that unsanctioned changes to a work’s title infringe upon artists’ moral and free speech rights. Others argued that such a change serves to whitewash legacies of racism and cultural genocide. In this paper, I show that these concerns are unfounded. The first concern is not supported by law or the history of our titling practices; and the second concern misses the mark by ignoring the gallery’s substantial efforts to avoid just such an outcome. Picking up on a suggestion from Loretta Todd, I argue that we can use Aboriginal Title as a model for thinking about the harms perpetuated by cultural appropriation, and the practices we should adopt to mitigate them.
Lesions that do or do not impair digit span: a study of 816 stroke survivors
Authors: Geva Sharon , Truneh Teodros , Seghier Mohamed L , Hope Thomas M H , Leff Alex P , Crinion Jennifer T , Gajardo-Vidal Andrea , Lorca-Puls Diego L , Green David W ,   PLORAS Team, Price Cathy J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Prior studies have reported inconsistency in the lesion sites associated with verbal short-term memory impairments. Here we asked: How many different lesion sites can account for selective impairments in verbal short-term memory that persist over time, and how consistently do these lesion sites impair verbal short-term memory? We assessed verbal short-term memory impairments using a forward digit span task from the Comprehensive Aphasia Test. First, we identified the incidence of digit span impairments in a sample of 816 stroke survivors (541 males/275 females; age at stroke onset 56 ± 13 years; time post-stroke 4.4 ± 5.2 years). Second, we studied the lesion sites in a subgroup of these patients (n = 39) with left hemisphere damage and selective digit span impairment—defined as impaired digit span with unimpaired spoken picture naming and spoken word comprehension (tests of speech production and speech perception, respectively). Third, we examined how often these lesion sites were observed in patients who either had no digit span impairments or digit span impairments that co-occurred with difficulties in speech perception and/or production tasks. Digit span impairments were observed in 222/816 patients. Almost all (199/222 = 90%) had left hemisphere damage to five small regions in basal ganglia and/or temporo-parietal areas. Even complete damage to one or more of these five regions was not consistently associated with persistent digit span impairment. However, when the same regions were spared, only 5% (23/455) presented with digit span impairments. These data suggest that verbal short-term memory impairments are most consistently associated with damage to left temporo-parietal and basal ganglia structures. Sparing of these regions very rarely results in persistently poor verbal short-term memory. These findings have clinical implications for predicting recovery of verbal short-term memory after stroke.
Global and Local Structure Preservation for Nonlinear High-dimensional Spectral Clustering
Authors: Wen Guoqiu , Zhu Yonghua , Chen Linjun , Zhan Mengmeng , Xie Yangcai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Spectral clustering is widely applied in real applications, as it utilizes a graph matrix to consider the similarity relationship of subjects. The quality of graph structure is usually important to the robustness of the clustering task. However, existing spectral clustering methods consider either the local structure or the global structure, which can not provide comprehensive information for clustering tasks. Moreover, previous clustering methods only consider the simple similarity relationship, which may not output the optimal clustering performance. To solve these problems, we propose a novel clustering method considering both the local structure and the global structure for conducting nonlinear clustering. Specifically, our proposed method simultaneously considers (i) preserving the local structure and the global structure of subjects to provide comprehensive information for clustering tasks, (ii) exploring the nonlinear similarity relationship to capture the complex and inherent correlation of subjects and (iii) embedding dimensionality reduction techniques and a low-rank constraint in the framework of adaptive graph learning to reduce clustering biases. These constraints are considered in a unified optimization framework to result in one-step clustering. Experimental results on real data sets demonstrate that our method achieved competitive clustering performance in comparison with state-of-the-art clustering methods.
Adaptive Laplacian Support Vector Machine for Semi-supervised Learning
Authors: Hu Rongyao , Zhang Leyuan , Wei Jian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLaplacian support vector machine (LapSVM) is an extremely popular classification method and relies on a small number of labels and a Laplacian regularization to complete the training of the support vector machine (SVM). However, the training of SVM model and Laplacian matrix construction are usually two independent process. Therefore, In this paper, we propose a new adaptive LapSVM method to realize semi-supervised learning with a primal solution. Specifically, the hinge loss of unlabelled data is considered to maximize the distance between unlabelled samples from different classes and the process of dealing with labelled data are similar to other LapSVM methods. Besides, the proposed method embeds the Laplacian matrix acquisition into the SVM training process to improve the effectiveness of Laplacian matrix and the accuracy of new SVM model. Moreover, a novel optimization algorithm considering primal solver is proposed to our adaptive LapSVM model. Experimental results showed that our method outperformed all comparison methods in terms of different evaluation metrics on both real datasets and synthetic datasets.
Normalized Laplace operators for hypergraphs with real coefficients
Authors: Jost Jürgen , Mulas Raffaella 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Chemical hypergraphs and their associated normalized Laplace operators are generalized and studied in the case where each vertex–hyperedge incidence has a real coefficient. We systematically study the effect of symmetries of a hypergraph on the spectrum of the Laplacian.
Generation of secondary microseism Love waves: effects of bathymetry, 3-D structure and source seasonality
Authors: Gualtieri Lucia , Bachmann Etienne , Simons Frederik J , Tromp Jeroen 
Published: March 2021

SUMMARYSecondary microseisms are ubiquitous ambient noise vibrations due to ocean activity, dominating worldwide seismographic records at seismic periods between 3 and 10 s. Their origin is a heterogeneous distribution of pressure fluctuations along the ocean surface. In spherically symmetric earth models, no Love surface waves are generated by such a distributed surface source. We present global-scale modelling of three-component secondary microseisms using a spectral-element method, which naturally accounts for a realistic distribution of surface sources, topography and bathymetry, and 3-D heterogeneity in Earth’s crust and mantle. Seismic Love waves emerge naturally once the system reaches steady state. The ergodic origin of Love waves allows us to model the horizontal components of secondary microseisms for the first time. Love waves mostly originate from the interaction of the seismic wavefield with heterogeneous Earth structure in which the mantle plays an important role despite the short periods involved. Bathymetry beneath the source region produces weak horizontal forces that are responsible for a weak and diffuse Love wavefield. The effect of bathymetric force splitting into radial and horizontal components is overall negligible when compared to the effect of 3-D heterogeneity. However, we observe small and well-focused Love-wave arrivals at seismographic stations in Europe due to force splitting at the steepest portion of the North Atlantic Ridge and the ocean–continent boundary. The location of the sources of Love waves is seasonal at periods shorter than about 7 s, while seasonality is lost at the longer periods. Sources of Rayleigh and Love waves from the same storm may be located very far away, indicating that energy equipartitioning might not hold in the secondary microseism period band.
Stability analysis of general multistep methods for Markovian backward stochastic differential equations
Authors: Tang Xiao , Xiong Jie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on the stability analysis of a general class of linear multistep methods for decoupled forward–backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs). The general linear multistep methods we consider contain many well-known linear multistep methods from the ordinary differential equation framework, such as Adams, Nyström, Milne--Simpson and backward differentiation formula methods. Under the classical root condition, we prove that general linear multistep methods are mean-square (zero) stable for decoupled FBSDEs with generator function related to both y and z. Based on the stability result, we further establish a fundamental convergence theorem.
Knowledge and attitudes of adolescents towards the human microbiome and antibiotic resistance: a qualitative study
Authors: Hayes Catherine V , Eley Charlotte V , Wood Fiona , Demirjian Alicia , McNulty Cliodna A M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Antibiotic and dietary behaviour affect the human microbiome and influence antibiotic resistance development. Adolescents are a key demographic for influencing knowledge and behaviour change.

Objectives
To explore adolescents’ knowledge and attitudes towards the microbiome and antibiotic resistance, and the capability, motivation and opportunity for educators to integrate microbiome teaching in schools.

Methods
Qualitative study informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and COM-B model. Six educational establishments were purposively selected by rural/city and socioeconomic status, within Gloucestershire, South West England in 2019. Forty 14–18-year olds participated in focus groups, and eight science or health educators participated in interviews. Data were analysed thematically, double-coded and mapped to the TDF/COM-B.

Results
Adolescents were aware of ‘good microbes’ in the body but lacked deeper knowledge. Adolescents’ knowledge of, and intentions to use, antibiotics appropriately differed by their levels of scientific study. Adolescents lacked knowledge on the consequences of diet on the microbiome, and therefore lacked capability and motivation to change behaviour. Educators felt capable and motivated to teach microbiome topics but lacked opportunity though absence of topics in the national curriculum and lack of time to teach additional topics.

Conclusions
A disparity in knowledge of adolescents needs to be addressed through increasing antibiotic and microbiome topics in the national curriculum. Public antibiotic campaigns could include communication about the microbiome to increase awareness. Educational resources could motivate adolescents and improve their knowledge, skills and opportunity to improve diet and antibiotic use; so, supporting the UK antimicrobial resistance (AMR) national action plan.
Evaluation and recommendations for effective data visualization for seizure forecasting algorithms
Authors: Chiang Sharon , Moss Robert , Black Angela P , Jackson Michele , Moss Chuck , Bidwell Jonathan , Meisel Christian , Loddenkemper Tobias 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective
Seizure forecasting algorithms have become increasingly accurate and may reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by seizure unpredictability. Translating these benefits into meaningful health outcomes for people with epilepsy requires effective data visualization of algorithm outputs. To date, no studies have investigated patient and physician perspectives on effective translation of algorithm outputs into data visualizations through health information technology.

Materials and Methods
We developed front-end data visualizations as part of a Seizure Forecast Visualization Toolkit. We surveyed 627 people living with epilepsy and caregivers, and 28 epilepsy healthcare providers. Respondents scored each visualization in terms of international standardized software quality criteria for functionality, appropriateness, and usability.

Results
People with epilepsy and caregivers ranked hourly radar charts highest for protecting against errors in interpreting forecasts, reducing anxiety from seizure unpredictability, and understanding seizure patterns. Accuracy in interpreting visuals, such as a risk gauge, was dependent on seizure frequency. Visuals showing hourly/daily forecasts were more useful for patients who experienced seizure cycling than those who did not. Hourly line graphs and monthly heat maps were rated highest among clinicians for ease of understanding, anticipated integration into clinical practice, and the likelihood of clinical usage. Epilepsy providers indicated that daily heat maps, daily line graphs, and hourly line graphs were most useful for interpreting seizure diary patterns, assessing therapy impact, and counseling on seizure safety.

Discussion
The choice of data visualization impacts the effective translation of seizure forecast algorithms into meaningful health outcomes.

Conclusion
This effort underlines the importance of incorporating standardized, quantitative methods for assessing the effectiveness of data visualization to translate seizure forecast algorithms into clinical practice.