bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of globalization on transport investment
Authors: Dobre Florin , Pauna Valentin , Vasilescu Alexandru Cristian , Buzoianu Ovidiu Andrei Cristian 
Published: December 2021

Research background: The economic impact of investing in new transport capacity or improving existing ones is complex and often indirect. Loans for infrastructure are often needed, but they cannot create sufficient conditions for economic growth. Investments in transport infrastructure require public funding. An assessment of their cost-effectiveness is needed to ensure a reasonable and acceptable allocation. Relevant economic, environmental and social effects must be taken into account. There is a growing concern in the transport sector about decisions on the development of the transport system and the effects of scale and externalities they produce. Planners and decision-makers need to know more about the wider economic impact of individual infrastructure projects and transport policies in general.
Purpose of the article: This paper aims to present the most important theoretical and practical aspects of the importance of transport investment worldwide, at European level and Romania. Investments in transport infrastructure will not improve the economic vitality of a region unless it has sufficient economic capacity and employment, land use and economic development policies.
Methods: This article starts from the hypothesis of the influence of globalization on the development of transport systems in general and applies as a case study on Romania. The paper was based on the analysis of transport legislation, as well as data sets for the period 2011-2019, to observe the gradual development of all types of transport.
Findings & Value added: Following these researches, the link between globalization and investments in transport systems was found by emphasizing accessibility to new infrastructures, new horizons and development plans for the main types of transport, which is a key element in economic activity. The main results were disseminated throughout the article and it adds value through the analysis created at global and regional level (at European level) and the interpretation of statistical data related to transport investments.
From pandemic crisis to Rational Localization and optimal Logistics of Development
Authors: Vladimirovna Kurbatova Anna , Sergeevna Kurbatova Ekaterina , Majercak Jozef , Petrovna Tereshina Natalia 
Published: December 2021

Research background: The aim of the scientific contribution is to analyze the current position of the Russian economy in the context of other countries. The article consists of a deduction of the current position of the Russian Federation and the subsequent proposal to continue the fight against the COVID-19 crisis.
Purpose of the article: Using the analysis of available sources of scientific research, the analysis of the current position of the Russian economy in the context of other countries. The paper offers basic recommended goals for further progress in the time of a pandemic.
Methods: The coronavirus pandemic has turned the world into a new reality. It showed the weaknesses and strengths of states, their constitutional structures, economic and social models. The post-pandemic world will be different, significantly different from the current one. And this pandemic will not be an exception, but will become one of a series of past and future world problems. And the world must be prepared to meet them. It is necessary to learn how to manage the development of large-scale systems at various levels from internal regions, states and to the world economic and political system as a whole. States must learn how to manage in a critical situation so as not to expose their peoples to significant disasters, much less extinction. They should establish mechanisms to predict and combat undesirable hazards. Using the scientific method of analysis of available resources, the authors analyzed the current position of the Russian Federation in relation to selected economies of the world. By synthesizing the knowledge and subsequent deduction, the authors propose further recommendations and steps in the time of the COVID-19 crisis.
Findings & Value added: The pandemic that led the world to a crisis of health and survival, economy and trust has shown how much the world needs to be improved. At the same time, it clearly showed what strategic directions Russia needs to move in order to save its people, its territory, and strengthen itself in the top three world economic leaders. And if the strategies are clear, and the tasks are defined, then the matter remains only for their implementation.
Travel Time Estimation as a Global Trend in the Analysis of Innovative Transportation Projects
Authors: Romanov Alexey , Lyakina Maria 
Published: December 2021

Research background: The problem of evaluating the results of innovative transport technologies is extremely important for their implementation and realization. The assessment of possible benefits of innovative transport projects is complicated by a number of circumstances. These include a wide range of arising effects in various forms and the long life cycle of the project, which increases the difficulty of reliably measuring the various costs and results. Thus, it can be argued that outdated approaches and methods for assessing the new transport products hinder the development of innovations.
Purpose of the article: to identify directions for assessing the travel time value in the analysis of the transportation projects economic efficiency.
Methods: The study was conducted by means of scientific methods such as the comparative analysis, system method, generalization and abstraction. Also, we use the results of expert assessments based on depth-in interviews.
Findings & Value added: The article substantiates the necessity of taking into account the incremental benefits for passengers from travel time reduction as the most important aspect of transport projects implementation, ensuring the formation of the whole range of external social and economic effects;
The multi-factor dependence of the travel time value for a passenger, which is characterised by its heterogeneity during a journey, has been substantiated. The necessity of assessing changes of travel time values in the general transport costs of passengers has been substantiated, taking into account the several factors that lead to different time values.
A visual model of the socio-economic effects formation of the HSR project, caused by changes in the passengers’ total transport costs and increased transport accessibility of the region, is proposed.
Säugling und Zeitgeist – ein Blick in historische
Wiegekarten
Authors: Singer Dominique 
Published: December 2021

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,das vorliegende „Jahresabschlussheft“ der Zeitschrift für
Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie (ZGN) enthält in der Rubrik
„Geschichte der Perinatalmedizin“ einen Beitrag, der einmal mehr die
Einflüsse des Zeitgeistes auf die Versorgung des Säuglings erkennen
lässt. Die Autoren M. David und A. D. Ebert, die die Zeitschrift
dankenswerterweise mit medizingeschichtlichen Schlaglichtern bereichern, vermitteln
hier einen Einblick in Wiegekarten, wie sie Mitte der 1950er Jahre in der ehemaligen
DDR und der BRD verteilt wurden, um nicht nur die Gewichtsentwicklung des
Säuglings zu dokumentieren, sondern auch Ratschläge zur
Gesundheitsvorsorge zu propagieren. Während auf dem Einband der Version West
unter der Schlagzeile „Gut vorwärts hilft …“
Werbung für eine Vollkornnahrung platziert war, die „ohne
Überfütterung des Säuglings in zahlreichen Kliniken im
Gebrauch“ sei, fanden sich in der Version Ost unter dem Appell
„Mutter, wenn Du Dein Kind lieb hast und es behalten willst, dann
stille es selbst!“ umfängliche Belehrungen über die
Vorzüge der Muttermilch. Ein originelles Zeugnis der jeweiligen
gesellschaftspolitischen Rahmenbedingungen (und differenten Einstellungen zur
Säuglingsernährung) also, welches uns hier unter dem Mantel der
Elternaufklärung begegnet.
The Role of Delivery Route on Colostrum Melatonin and Serum Il-6
Levels: a Prospective Controlled Study
Authors: Çalışkan Canan , Çelik Samettin , Hatirnaz Safak , Çelik Handan , Avcı Bahattin , Tinelli Andrea 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction the aim of this study was to determine whether maternal serum
IL-6 and postnatal melatonin levels change with the mode of delivery.
Materials and Methods a prospective controlled study was performed on
pregnant women (17–43 years) over 37 weeks of pregnancy. Patients were
divided into three groups according to the route of delivery: Group 1) 30 women
delivering by vaginal route; Group 2) 30 delivering by iterative cesarean
section (CS); Group 3) delivering by emergency CS. Maternal serum IL-6 levels
were measured before and after delivery, and maternal colostrum melatonin levels
after delivery, and the results between the 3 groups compared.
Results pre-delivery and post-delivery maternal serum IL-6 levels were
significantly higher in patients who delivered vaginally than in patients who
delivered by the abdominal route (p<0.01). Maternal colostrum melatonin
levels of patients after delivery were significantly higher in patients who
delivered vaginally (32.88±7.16 ng/L) than in patients
who delivered by elective and emergent cesarean deliveries
(24.86±2.40 ng/L and
23.73±4.03 ng/L, respectively) (p<0.01).
Conclusion These data support, should there ever be a further need, the
benefit of vaginal delivery over cesarean section, in which cytokine and
melatonin levels are reduced compared to vaginal delivery.
Differentialdiagnostik intraorbitaler Raumforderungen – eine Übersicht
Authors: Jungbauer Frederic , Gvaramia David , Huber Lena , Kramer Benedikt , Ponto Katharina A. , Popovic Zoran , Riffel Philipp , Rotter Nicole , Scherl Claudia , Zaubitzer Lena , Lammert Anne 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Aufgrund der unmittelbaren Nähe zum visuellen System stellen intraorbitale Raumforderungen eine Bedrohung für den Patienten und eine besondere Herausforderung für jede in Diagnostik und Therapie involvierte Fachdisziplin dar.Material/Methoden Narratives Review mit Diskussion von relevanten Originalarbeiten und Expertenempfehlungen. Zur Veranschaulichung beschreiben wir den Fall eines 71-jährigen Patienten, der 3 Monate nach einer Nasennebenhöhlenoperation in unserer Abteilung aufgenommen wurde. Ein postoperatives intraorbitales Hämatom der rechten Orbita war extern konservativ mit Antibiotika/Kortikosteroiden behandelt worden, was zu einem nahezu vollständigen einseitigen Sehverlust geführt hatte. Die folglich durchgeführte Orbita- und Optikusdekompression verhinderte nicht die Bildung eines intraorbitalen Lipogranuloms. Gegenwärtig werden die damit verbundenen rezidivierenden Entzündungsphasen erfolgreich konservativ auf der Grundlage multidisziplinärer Empfehlungen behandelt.Ergebnisse In dem berichteten Fall mündete eine verzögerte Orbita- und Optikusdekompression bei retrobulbärem Hämatom nach Nasennebenhöhlenoperation in der Bildung eines intraorbitalen Lipogranuloms. Die Literatur unterstützt unsere Empfehlung einer sofortigen chirurgischen Intervention im Falle eines akuten retrobulbären Hämatoms. Neben akuten Zuständen können intraorbitale Raumforderungen Zeichen systemischer Erkrankungen sein. In jedem Fall ist ein multidisziplinärer Therapieansatz für ein adäquates Management erforderlich.Schlussfolgerung Intraorbitale Raumforderungen können u.a. als akute Komplikation nach Nasennebenhöhlenoperationen auftreten oder Zeichen maligner Entartung und chronischer Erkrankungen sein. Differenzialdiagnostische Kenntnisse zu intraorbitalen Raumforderungen sind daher für jede im Kopf-Hals-Bereich tätige Fachdisziplin unerlässlich.
Relationship of Arterial Changes in Acute Pancreatitis on CT Angiography with Modified CT Severity Index
Authors: Vermani Sanya , Kaushal Aditya , Kaur Arshpreet , Singla Mohit 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of arterial changes in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) on computed tomography angiography (CTA) and determine their association with etiology of AP, presence of necrosis, collections and severity of AP.
Materials and Methods A total of 50 patients (20 women, 30 men; mean age: 43.04 ± 13.98; age range: 18–77 years) with AP underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan and CTA of abdomen, which was evaluated for necrosis and fluid collection (s). On CTA, splanchnic arterial structures were assessed for vascular complications. Association between vascular changes and presence of necrosis, fluid collections, etiology of AP and severity of AP (as assessed by modified computed tomography severity index CTSI) was determined.
Results Arterial complications were seen in 28 percent (14/50). The most frequently involved artery was superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (12 percent), followed by splenic artery (8 percent) and right gastric artery (8 percent; Fig. 1). No significant association was seen between arterial changes and gallstone or alcohol-induced AP. Arterial changes showed a significant association with presence of acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP), presence of collections and severe AP (CTSI 8–10) (p < 0.05 for each).
Conclusion Arterial changes on CTA are frequently seen in patients of AP having ANP. There is a significant association between arterial changes and presence of necrosis, collections and severe AP.
EIN3 and RSL4 interfere with an MYB–bHLH–WD40 complex to mediate ethylene-induced ectopic root hair formation in
Arabidopsis
Authors: Qiu Yuping , Tao Ran , Feng Ying , Xiao Zhina , Zhang Dan , Peng Yang , Wen Xing , Wang Yichuan , Guo Hongwei 
Published: December 2021

Significance
Plant hormones widely regulate reprogramming of stereotypic cell specifications for plants to prevail in ever-changing environments. The well-known observation that ethylene (ET) specifically promotes root hair formation from the N-position epidermal cells provides an excellent model to dissect how such reprograming events are regulated at the molecular level. This work uncovers a molecular mechanism that wires the ET signaling with the root hair specification cascade. Unexpectedly, we found that a well-recognized master regulator of root hair elongation also participates in ET-regulated root epidermal cell specification, implying the internal robustness of root epidermal cell specification.
Ovipleistophora ovariae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Ovipleistophora ovariae
. There are only two records of this species in the wild (both on feral fish), from a pond and a small river in Oklahoma. It may, however, be expected in the same freshwater habitats as its known hosts. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas))).
Hollow core negative curvature fiber based refractive index sensor design and investigation for tuberculosis monitoring
Authors: Parvin Tarunnum , Abdulrazak Lway Faisal , Zahrani Fahad Ahmed Al , Mitu Sumaiya Akhtar , Hossain Md Nadim , Ahmed Kawsar , Bui Francis M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A myriad of pensile but pertinent issues found in the optical fiber sensors can be sought resolution based on the antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) working principle. Due to its compact structure, the anti-resonance based sensor has several advantages such as high sensitivity response, low confinement loss, and high stability that make the sensor more effective for health monitoring. In this manuscript, an anti-resonance fiber sensor has been proposed for the detection of tuberculosis cells. An analytical structure has been explored to simulate the characteristics of the ARROW. For the suggested structure, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to conduct its numerical investigations. The proposed optical sensor working on the ARROW principle was implemented on the Comsol Multiphysics software. From the numerical analysis, it is noted that the designed sensor has reached around 99% sensitivity with negligible confinement loss and single modality due to the excellent light-guiding properties of the anti-resonance fiber. Besides, lots of optical parameters such as effective area, V-Parameter, spot-size along beam divergence have been calculated over the wide wavelength region. The achieved result indicates the various application’s suitability of Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber (ARHCF) as a tuberculosis sensor.
Impedance matching to axion dark matter: considerations of the photon-electron interaction
Authors: Chaudhuri Saptarshi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We introduce the concept of impedance matching to axion dark matter by posing the question of why axion detection is difficult, even though there is enough power in each square meter of incident dark-matter flux to energize a LED light bulb. By quantifying backreaction on the axion field, we show that a small axion-photon coupling does not by itself prevent an order-unity fraction of the dark matter from being absorbed through optimal impedance match. We further show, in contrast, that the electromagnetic charges and the self-impedance of their coupling to photons provide the principal constraint on power absorption integrated across a search band. Using the equations of axion electrodynamics, we demonstrate stringent limitations on absorbed power in linear, time-invariant, passive receivers. Our results yield fundamental constraints, arising from the photon-electron interaction, on improving integrated power absorption beyond the cavity haloscope technique. The analysis also has significant practical implications, showing apparent tension with the sensitivity projections for a number of planned axion searches. We additionally provide a basis for more accurate signal power calculations and calibration models, especially for receivers using multi-wavelength open configurations such as dish antennas and dielectric haloscopes.
Does the reionization model influence the constraints on dark matter decay or annihilation?
Authors: Chen Lu , Wang Ke 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
If dark matter decay or annihilate, a large amount of energy and particles would be released into the cosmic plasma. Therefore, they could modify the thermal and ionization history of our universe, then leave footprints on the cosmic microwave background power spectra.
In this paper, we take dark matter annihilation as an example and investigate whether different reionization models influence the constraints on dark matter annihilation.
We consider the ionization history including both dark matter annihilation and star formation, then put constraints on DM annihilation.
Combining the latest Planck data, BAO data, SNIa measurement, Q
HII constraints from observations of quasars, as well as the star formation rate density from UV and IR data, the optical depth is τ = 0.0571+0.0005
-0.0006 at 68%C.L. and the upper limit of ϵ0
f
d reads 2.7765 × 10-24 at 95%C.L..
By comparison, we also constrain dark matter annihilation in the instantaneous reionization model from the same data combination except the Q
HII constraints and star formation rate density. We get τ = 0.0559+0.0069
-0.0076 at 68%C.L. and the upper limit of ϵ0
f
d is 2.8468 × 10-24 at 95%C.L.. This indicates various reionization models have little influence (≲ 2.5%) on constraining parameters of dark matter decay or annihilation.
Tachyonic preheating in plateau inflation
Authors: Tomberg Eemeli , Veermäe Hardi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Plateau inflation is an experimentally consistent framework in which the scale of inflation can be kept relatively low. Close to the edge of the plateau, scalar perturbations are subject to a strong tachyonic instability. Tachyonic preheating is realized when, after inflation, the oscillating inflaton repeatedly re-enters the plateau. We develop the analytic theory of this process and expand the linear approach by including backreaction between the coherent background and growing perturbations. For a family of plateau models, the analytic predictions are confronted with numerical estimates. Our analysis shows that the inflaton fragments in a fraction of an e-fold in all examples supporting tachyonic preheating, generalizing the results of previous similar studies. In these scenarios, the scalar-to-tensor ratio is tiny, r < 10-7.
A non-invasive wearable sensory leg neuroprosthesis: mechanical, electrical and functional validation
Authors: Basla Chiara , Chee Lauren , Valle Giacomo , Raspopovic Stanisa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective. Lower limb amputees suffer from a variety of functional deficits related to the absence of sensory communication between the central nervous system and the lost extremity. Indeed, they experience high risk of falls, asymmetric walking and balance, and low prosthesis embodiment, that significantly decrease their quality of life. Presently, there are no commercially available devices able to provide sensory feedback to leg amputees but recently some invasive solutions (i.e. requiring surgery) have been proposed by different research groups. However, a non-invasive effective alternative exploitable in everyday life is still missing. Approach. To address this need we developed and tested a lightweight, non-invasive, wearable technology (NeuroLegs) providing sensory (i.e. knee angle joint and tactile) feedback to the users through electro-cutaneous stimulation. Standard mechanical and electrical tests were performed to assess the safety and reliability of the technology. The NeuroLegs system was verified in terms of accuracy in measuring relevant gait parameters in healthy participants. The effectiveness of the NeuroLegs system at improving walking of three transfemoral amputees was then verified in movement laboratory tests. Main results. No mechanical failures, stable communication among system’s parts and a long-lasting battery were demonstrated. A high temporal reliability was found when detecting stride features (important for the real-time configuration) with a correct match to the walking cadence in all assessed walking conditions. Finally, transfemoral amputees showed increased temporal gait symmetry and augmented confidence when walking with the sensory feedback compared to no feedback condition. Stepping outside from the lab, NeuroLegs was successfully exploited by a transfemoral amputee in CYBATHLON Global Edition 2020 in several challenging situations related to daily-living activities. Significance. Our results demonstrate that the NeuroLegs system provides the user with useful sensory information that can be successfully exploited in different walking conditions of daily life.
Research on Outage Maintenance Optimization Strategy Based on Improved Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Li Cun , Yuan Ding , Liang Gaige , Liu Lu , Jiang Xuedong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With the increasingly complex structure of the transmission system, the impact of power outage caused by faults in the power grid is becoming greater and greater. The power grid shall cut off the maintenance of line equipment to ensure the power supply safety of the system. During the outage maintenance period, how to achieve safe maintenance and low-cost impact is the main content of outage control. Aiming at the problem of outage maintenance, a particle swarm optimization algorithm with the goal of minimum impact, economic optimization and shortest maintenance time is proposed. The game theory is used to select the optimal solution from the solutions of particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the multi-objective function, so as to improve and ensure the population diversity, realize the efficiency and economy of outage maintenance, and meet the needs of outage plan of large power grid. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is further verified by comparing multi class baseline experiments.