bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Baseline User Characteristics and Early Use Patterns (24-Hour) on Long-Term Adherence and Effectiveness of a Web-Based Weight Loss Randomized Controlled Trial: Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Andrade Andre Q , Beleigoli Alline , Diniz Maria De Fatima , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz 
Published: May 2021

Background
Low adherence to real-world online weight loss interventions reduces long-term efficacy. Baseline characteristics and use patterns are determinants of long-term adherence, but we lack cohesive models to guide how to adapt interventions to users’ needs. We also lack information whether very early use patterns (24 hours) help describe users and predict interventions they would benefit from.

Objective
We aim to understand the impact of users’ baseline characteristics and early (initial 24 hours) use patterns of a web platform for weight loss on user adherence and weight loss in the long term (24 weeks).

Methods
We analyzed data from the POEmaS randomized controlled trial, a study that compared the effectiveness of a weight loss platform with or without coaching and a control approach. Data included baseline behavior and use logs from the initial 24 hours after platform access. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify classes, and Kruskal-Wallis was used to test whether class membership was associated with long-term (24 weeks) adherence and weight loss.

Results
Among 828 participants assigned to intervention arms, 3 classes were identified through LPA: class 1 (better baseline health habits and high 24-hour platform use); class 2 (better than average health habits, but low 24-hour platform use); class 3 (worse baseline health habits and low 24-hour platform use). Class membership was associated with long-term adherence (P<.001), and class 3 members had the lowest adherence. Weight loss was not associated with class membership (P=.49), regardless of the intervention arm (platform only or platform + coach). However, class 2 users assigned to platform + coach lost more weight than those assigned to platform only (P=.02).

Conclusions
Baseline questionnaires and use data from the first 24 hours after log-in allowed distinguishing classes, which were associated with long-term adherence. This suggests that this classification might be a useful guide to improve adherence and assign interventions to individual users.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03435445; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03435445

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.1186/s12889-018-5882-y
Incidence, Trend, and Mortality of Human Exposure to Rabies in Yemen, 2011-2017: Observational Study
Authors: Abdulmoghni Rihana Taher , Al-Ward Ahmed Hasan , Al-Moayed Khaled Abdullah , AL-Amad Mohammed Abdullah , Khader Yousef S 
Published: May 2021

Background
Rabies remains a neglected and poorly controlled disease throughout the developing world, particularly in Africa and Asia, where most human rabies deaths occur.

Objective
This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of rabies exposures, its trend, and its geographical distribution in Yemen.

Methods
Cumulative data from a rabies surveillance system for the period 2011-2017 were obtained from the National Rabies Control Program as paper-based annual reports. Data included the number of persons bitten by a suspected rabid animal, their gender and age, and the result of the animal’s laboratory test. Human cases were defined as those exposed to rabies virus bitten by a suspected rabid animal, exposed to a confirmed rabid animal and then received postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), and deaths occurred after exposure to a confirmed rabid animal after having rabies symptoms during 2011-2017.

Results
From 2011 to 2017, a total of 76,049 persons were bitten by a suspected rabid animal. Of these, 21,927 (28.83%) were exposed to positively confirmed rabid animals and then received PEP, and 295 (0.38%) rabies-related deaths occurred. Of all cases with rabies exposure, 50,882 (66.91%) were males. The most affected age group by animal bites (31,816/76,041, 41.84%), positive exposure (8945/21,927, 40.79%), and rabies deaths (143/295, 48.47%) was 5-14 years. Rabies vaccines and immunoglobulins quantities were least available in 2016 and 2017. The annual incidence rate of exposure to animal bites and rabies exposure was 50 and 14 per 100,000, respectively. The annual mortality rate was 2 per 1,000,000. The highest incidence rate of animal bites was in Dhamar (112 per 100,000) and Ibb (94 per 100,000), whereas the highest incidence of exposed cases was in Amanat Al Asimah (40 per 100,000) and Ibb (37 per 100,000). Mortality rate was the highest in Amanat Al Asimah (6 deaths per 1,000,000) followed by Ibb and Dhamar (4 deaths per 1,000,000 in both).

Conclusions
Rabies remains a worrying health problem in Yemen with higher percentage reported among children and males. Targeting school-age populations by education, communication, and information campaigns about preventive measures is strongly recommended. An electronic system should be introduced to improve reporting. It is important to have a sufficient supply of vaccines and immunoglobulins in control units, especially in the at-risk or impacted governorates. Future studies are suggested to determine incidences and risk factors of disease progression.
Analisis Hubungan Clinical Autonomy Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dokter Spesialis Obstetri dan Ginekologi Dalam Tindakan Seksio Sesarea Pada Sistem Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional
Authors: Mappaware Nasrudin Andi , Emilia Ova , Hadijono Soerjo , Malinta Umar , Hakimi Mohammad , Soetrisno Soetrisno , Tiro Eddy 
Published: May 2021

Background: In Indonesia, the National Health Insurance System (NHIS) is an implementation of law No. 40 of 2004 on the National Social Insurance System in health sector with universal health coverage (UHC) concept. Therefore, the satisfaction of specialist’s work will be very influence towards hospital works. The previous research (Nasruddin, 2017) about factor analysis related to job satisfaction of doctor specialist for obstetrics and gynecology (SpOG) toward Sectio Caesarea (SC) on NHI showed that medical service (transparency and remuneration) and working condition have significant correlation towards work satisfaction of doctor SpOG in SC on NHI. Objective: to analyze the correlation of clinical autonomy on job satisfaction of doctor SpOG on Sectio Caesarea on National Health Insurance system.Method: A quantitative research by applying analytic observational study with cross sectional design.Materials and Research: This research was conducted in Makassar. A number of sample was 73 doctors SpOG. Data was obtained by clinical autonomy questionnaire having been tested its validity and reliability. The result of the research was analyzed by using chi-square test. Result: Based on the correlation of characteristics towards work satisfaction of doctor SpOG in SC on National Health Insurance system found that age category between 36 – 45 years old is satisfied, female is satisfied, working duration more than 5 years is dissatisfied and public hospital status is dissatisfied. There is no correlation between clinical autonomy in this case is control overwork (p = 0.170) and prerogative obtain need service (p = 0.240) on job satisfaction of doctor SpOG in Sectio Caesarea on National Health Insurance System.Conclusion: There is no relation between clinical autonomy on job satisfaction of doctor SpOG in Sectio Caesarea on National Health Insurance System. Even though the doctors SpOG are not satisfied with NHI (medical service and working condition) but the doctors are able to work professionally with clinical autonomy. Keywords: clinical autonomy, doctor SpOG, National Health Insurance System
Perbandingan Pemberian Parasetamol Oral dan Ketorolak Intravena dalam Membantu Keberhasilan Menyusui Pasca Seksio Sesarea
Authors: Fidina Dalri Nur , Attamimi Ahsanudin , Prawitasari Shinta 
Published: May 2021

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pemberian parasetamol 1000 mg oral dan injeksi ketorolak 30 mg intravena dalam mengatasi nyeri terhadap keberhasilan menyusui pasca seksio sesarea. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non blinding, randomized controlled trial yang membagi subyek penelitian menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol adalah kelompok yang mendapat injeksi ketorolak 30 mg intravena dan kelompok perlakuan adalah yang mendapat parasetamol 1000 mg per oral yang kemudian dinilai nyeri dengan VAS dan keberhasilan menyusui dengan skor LATCH pada 24 jam setelah seksio sesarea. Chi square serta risiko relatif dipakai untuk uji statistik untuk membandingan 2 proporsi. Hasil: Penelitian ini melibatkan 86 subjek. Pada pemberian parasetamol 1000 mg per oral dan ketorolak 30 mg intravena didapatkan hasil tidak perbedaan bermakna terhadap nyeri (RR 1,16; 95% CI 0,84-1,16). Angka keberhasilan menyusui pada kedua kelompok dengan efek tidak nyeri dan nyeri didapatkan hasil tidak berbeda bermakna secara statistik. Kesimpulan: Pemberian parasetamol 1000 mg per oral tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan dengan pemberian injeksi ketorolak 30 mg intravena terhadap nyeri dan keberhasilan menyusui pasca seksio sesarea. Kata Kunci: parasetamol, ketorolak, seksio sesarea, keberhasilan menyusui, nyeri
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penerimaan Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim Pascasalin di Samarinda
Authors: Pella Todungbua' Prima Derry , Cahyanti Ratnasari Dwi , Respati Supriyadi Hari 
Published: May 2021

Background: Maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Indonesia is 305 per 100.000 live births. The intervention to suppress MMR according to four pillars of Safe Motherhood is reducing the possibility of woman becoming pregnant with Family Planning. The postpartum period is an important time to start, but underutilized. All contraceptive methods may be used, but the high rate of drop-out in non-long-term methods, counselling is directed to long-term methods like IUD.Objective: To determine factor that related postpartum IUD acceptance in Samarinda.Method: The research method is observational with cross sectional design. Sampling is done by purposive sampling. Data were obtained through questionnaire.Result: There was no significant association between age (p=0.438), parity (RR=0.7; p=0.077), education (RR=1.11; p=0.611), and income (RR=0.69; p=0.105) with acceptance of postpartum IUD. Employment (RR=1.64; p=0.025), history of family planning counselling (RR=3.37; p<0.001), and husband's approval (RR=28.8; p=<0.001) have significant association with the acceptance of postpartum IUD.Conclusion: Age, parity, education, and income are not related factors of postpartum IUD acceptance, while employment, husband's approval, and history of family planning counselling are related factors of postpartum IUD acceptance in Samarinda.Keywords: Postpartum IUD, family planning counselling, husband's approval.
Hubungan peningkatan kadar progesteron pada saat pengambilan oosit terhadap keberhasilan Fertilisasi In Vitro
Authors: Silitonga Martha Chaterince , Widad Shofwal , Emilia Ova 
Published: May 2021

Latar belakang:Fertilisasi In Vitro (FIV) semakin banyak digunakan dalam penanganan infertilitas di Indonesia. Banyak penelitian yang mempelajari pengaruh peningkatan kadar progesteron saat pengambilan oosit dalam keberhasilan FIV, namun hasil yang diperoleh masih bersifat kontroversi.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan peningkatan kadar hormon progesteron saat pengambilan oosit dengan keberhasilan FIV.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kohort retrospektif melibatkan 210 siklus FIV dari Januari 2014 sampai Desember 2016. Subyek penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan kadar progesteron saat pengambilan oosit. Kelompok pertama dengan kadar progesteron < 12 ng/ml sebanyak 151 subyek, sedangkan 59 lainnya masuk dalam kelompok dengan kadar progesteron ≥12 ng/ml. Luaran kehamilan dinilai dengan mengukur kadar hormon β-hCG.Hasil dan Pembahasan: Didapatkan hasil bahwa tidak ada perbedaan bermakna untuk luaran kehamlan antara kelompok dengan kadar progesteron rendah dan kadar progesteron tinggi (25,8% VS 23,7%; RR 0,67 IK 0,29-1,56, p>0,05). Pada analisis bivariat, terdapat peningkatan signifikan dari kadar estradiol pasca stimulasi dan jumlah folikel (RR 2,00 IK 1,57-2,55, p<0,0001 dan RR 1,86, IK 1,47-2,36, p<0,0001); jumlah oosit (RR 1,99, IK 1,61-2,48, p<0,0001), dan jumlah embrio (RR 1,99 IK 1,62-2,43; p<0,0001) pada kelompok dengan kadar progesteron tinggi. Dari analisis multivariat, peningkatan jumlah oosit merupakan satu – satunya faktor yang secara signifikan meningkatkan rasio kehamilan pada FIV (RR 3,36 IK 1,04-10,87; p<0,05).Kesimpulan:Pada penelitian ini tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan rasio kehamilan pada FIV dengan peningkatan kadar hormon progesteron pada pengambilan oosit. Jumlah oosit yang dipanen secara signifikan meningkatkan keberhasilan kehamilan pada FIV, dan jumlah oosit juga signifikan meningkat pada kelompok dengan kadar progesteron tinggi.Kata kunci: progesteron; oosit; Fertilisasi In Vitro
Clinicopathological Significance of BRAF (V600E), NRAS (Q61K) and TERT (C228T, C250T and SNP Rs2853669) Mutations in Bulgarian Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Vidinov K. , Dodova R. , Mitev P. , Mitkova A. , Dimitrova I. , Shinkov A. , Ivanova R. , Mitev V. , Kaneva R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine cancer. Some somatic mutations in genes (BRAF, NRAS and TERT) involved in key signaling pathways and genome stability have been recently identified to play an important role in its development. Very little research has been done on their frequency and clinical relevance in Bulgarian patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). This study is focused on investigating somatic mutation frequency in Bulgarian patients with PTC and their association with clinicopathologic features.

Material and Methods:
The study included 50 PTC from Bulgarian patients analyzed for mutations in BRAF (V600E), NRAS (Q61K), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2853669 and TERT (C228T and C250T) genes by Sanger sequencing. The results were interpreted using Benchling and SeqScape software, and statistical analysis performed with SPSS.

Results:
In the studied PTC group BRAF(V600E) and TERT (C228T) mutations were found with frequency of 24% and 2%, respectively. Co-occurrence of both mutations was found in 1 patient (2%). The mutations Q61K (NRAS), and C250T (TERT) were not detected. The SNP rs2853669 was found in 18 patients (52.9%). Correlation analysis with the clinical characteristics of the patients revealed statistically significant association with larger size of the tumor for BRAF(V600E) and smaller tumor size for rs2853669.

Conclusion:
In the present pilot study, we found that BRAF(V600E) and rs2853669 in TERT are common among PCT patients. While the presence of BRAF V600E mutation was associated with large tumors, the presence of rs2853669 in TERT was found in the majority of PCT below 2 cm. More extensive molecular genetic analysis of TERT, BRAF or RAS mutations in larger sample is needed to further elucidate the clinically important diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for thyroid cancer.
Clinical Study of the Change of pH Level in the Supragingival Plaque in Children after Taking Homeopathic Remedies
Authors: Pomakova A. , Gateva N. , Hristov K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective: There are numerous publications on the parameters of conventional medications, which contribute to their cariogenic and erosive potential. Little is known about the homeopathic remedies (HR) and the changes in the oral cavity they lead to, especially during childhood.

Material and methods: The study involved 25 children (5-9 years of age). It monitored the change in plaque pH level after intake of three frequently used homeopathic remedies in five consecutive weeks. The pH level values were measured after the administration of the remedies, without HR intake, and after rinsing with 10% sucrose solution. Five groups were formed – two controls and three groups with results from the tested HR.

Results: A drop in the plaque pH level was observed after intake of all HR and in all tested individuals. The biggest decrease was observed at the 15th minute for all HR. At the 30th minute the greatest decrease was observed with the second remedy, and at 60th minute – with the first and second.

Conclusions: A dramatic decrease in the plaque pH level was observed after intake of each studied remedy. In many cases the drop was below the critical value of pH = 5.5. The low plaque pH values were maintained even at the 60th minute after the start of the study.
Ghrelin Expression in Mast Cells of Infant Lung with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Ivanova K. , Stefanov I. , Ivanova I. , Ananiev J. , Gulubova M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article sheds light on some features of ghrelin (GHR)- and tryptase (Try)-positive mast cells (MCs) distribution in human lung of preterm newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). GHR possessed anti-inflammatory activity and reliable therapeutic properties in some lung diseases. So far, GHR expression has been defined predominantly in neuroendocrine cells of bronchial mucosa in fetal and infant lungs. Lung tissue from 8 dead newborns with RDS were investigated immunohistochemically with anti-GHR and anti-Try antibodies. The number of GHR+ and Try+ MCs was determined in three locations –bronchi, bronchiole and in alveolar septa. MCs were more numerous around main bronchi with diminishing numbers around bronchiole and in alveolar septa. The number of MCs in the latter was increased in newborns with pneumonia. The number of GHR+ MCs in alveolar septa was lower in newborns with RDS as compared to newborns with RDS combined with pneumonia (2.83 ± 1.13 vs 4.81 ± 2.6, p < 0.001). The amount of Try+ MCs along bronchial wall was significantly more than GHR+ MCs in RDS newborns (6.97 ± 4.53 vs 3.85 ± 4.30, p = 0.001). It could be supposed that pulmonary MCs increased in newborn lungs in inflammatory process. MCs in human lung contained GHR peptide that had immunomodulatory function and participated in hormone regulation of inflammation.
Epidemiological Analysis of Leptospirosis in Bulgaria, 1999-2018
Authors: Angelova S. , Mitova Y. , Doycheva V. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to characterize the epidemic process of leptospirosis in Bulgaria.

Material and methods: Data was collected from the National Centre for Public Health and Analysis official database of infectious diseases for the period 1999-2018 year. Graphical methods, absolute and relative values were applied when analyzing the data. A regression analysis was used to search for trends in incidence rate and mortality rate over a period of time.

Results: For the period 1999-2018, a total of 414 cases of leptospirosis were registered in Bulgaria, 35 of them were lethal. Incidence ranged from 0,10 per 100 000 population (2012, 2017 year) to 0,63 per 100 000 (1999 year). Using the regression analysis method a model p = 0,03 < 0,05 was constructed, which most adequately described the tendency of leptospirosis incidence rate in Bulgaria. Mortality rate was the highest in 2000 – 0,09 per 100 000 and was zero for six years of the survey period. An adequate model was developed p = 0,005 < 0,05, which showed the trend of leptospirosis mortality rate. The case-fatality rate was high and reached 27,27% in 2010. The highest incidence rate of leptospirosis was in the areas of Yambol and Shumen. Leptospirosis in Bulgaria had a seasonal trend. Risk factors for the disease were male gender and age over 55 years.

Conclusions: Global environmental changes, including extreme weather conditions, increase the threat of severe epidemics of leptospirosis worldwide. An unfavorable impact on the spread of leptospirosis is the intensive migration of the population and travel-associated cases. Modern control over leptospirosis should be constant, complex and ubiquitous. Therefore, leptospirosis in Bulgaria should not be underestimated.
Effectiveness of Velscope and Vizilite Plus Systems in Diagnostics of Oral Lesions
Authors: Nikolov N. , Karaslavova E. , Yaneva B. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Aim: To compare the level of diagnostic coincidence between classical (standard) method and VELscope and ViziLite Plus systems in the diagnosis of different oral lesions.

Material and methods: 184 oral lesions were examined using classical method, VELscope and ViziLite Plus systems, and after that underwent a pathohistological examination for diagnosis proof. The percentage of diagnostic coincidence for various types of lesions was analyzed for the three methods compared.

Results: The results demonstrated the highest coincidence rate for lesions diagnosed with VELscope – 35 (83.3%), followed by those with classical method – 80 (80.8%), and those with the application of ViziLite – 33 (76.7%). In premalignant and malignant lesions, the highest percentage of diagnostic coincidence was reported using the classical method – 14 (93.3%), for non-malignant lesions using VELscope – 28 (84.8%), for inflammatory and reactive lesions using VELscope – 14 (82.4%) and for lesions associated with general disease and systemic medication again using VELscope – 11 (91.7%).

Conclusion: Non-invasive methods, tested in the study, have different diagnostic properties when differentiating particular clinical types of lesions. They are highly sensitive to changes in the oral mucosa but the final diagnosis must always be proved with biopsy.
Algorithm-Based Advertising: Unintended Effects and the Tricky Business of Mitigating Adverse Outcomes
Authors: Lambrecht Anja , Tucker Catherine 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Some algorithms may have similar discriminatory tendencies to humans. The presented study investigates gender bias in social media advertising in the context of STEM careers. Results suggest that advertising algorithms are not gender-biased as such, but that economic forces in the background might lead to unintended, uneven outcomes. Spillover effects across industries make reaching some consumer segments more likely than others. A gender-neutral strategy is less likely to reach women because women are more likely to react to advertising. Therefore, targeting them is more expensive and economic forces unintentionally favor men. One potential solution could be running separate campaigns for men and women to target both demographic groups equally. However, anti-discrimination legislation in many countries does not allow companies to target employment ads to only one gender. So ironically, laws that are designed to avoid discrimination actually rule out a fairly simple way to correct the bias in online targeting on Facebook and other platforms, illustrating further need for policy guidance in this area.
Metrics Gone Wrong: What Managers Can Learn from the 2016 US Presidential Election
Authors: Kübler Raoul , Pauwels Koen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the 2016 presidential election, the vast majority of available polls showed a comfortable lead for Hillary Clinton throughout the whole race, but in the end, she lost. Campaign managers could have known better, if they had had a closer look at other data sources and variables that – like polls – show voter engagement and preferences. In the political arena, donations, media coverage, social media followership, engagement and sentiment may similarly indicate how well a candidate is doing, and most of these variables are available for free.
Validating the bigger picture with alternative data sources is not limited to politics. The latest marketing research shows that online-consumer-behavior metrics can enrich, and sometimes replace, traditional funnel metrics. Trusting a single ‘silver bullet’ metric does not just lead to surprises, it can also mislead managerial decision-making. Econometric models can help disentangle a complex web of dynamic interactions and show immediate and lagged effects of marketing or political events.