bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Morality‐Agency‐Communion (MAC) model of respect and liking
Authors: Prestwich Andrew , Lalljee Mansur , Laham Simon M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTraits can primarily facilitate one's own goals (agentic) or those of others (communal) with the former linked with respect and the latter with liking. However, communal traits vary in morality, which has been associated with respect. Four studies tested the impact of traits varying in morality, agency (competence or assertiveness) and communion (warmth) on ratings of respect and liking. Studies 1 and 2 used vignettes targeting integrity (communion‐moral), competency (agency‐competence) and friendliness (communion‐warmth), while Studies 3 and 4 considered a broader range of pre‐rated traits (Studies 3 and 4). Communal traits with a limited moral component were associated more with liking than with respect. Communal traits with a stronger moral component were associated at least as, and sometimes more, strongly with respect than liking. Moral traits were the most respected trait type and were similarly liked as warmth traits. Morality influences whether communal traits primarily influence liking and/or respect.
Telomere length in patients with obesity submitted to bariatric surgery: A systematic review
Authors: Peña Eleonora , León‐Mengíbar Josep , Powell Timothy R. , Caixàs Assumpta , Cardoner Narcís , Rosa Araceli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with obesity show evidence of increased levels of inflammation, oxidative stress and premature ageing. Telomere length (TL) is a key marker of cellular ageing, and patients with obesity often present shorter TL. Bariatric surgery (BS) is currently the most effective treatment for severe obesity. The aim of this systematic review was to explore whether the beneficial health effects observed after surgery in obese patients correspond to a restoration in TL or slower rates of shortening. As a secondary aim, we evaluated, at baseline and post‐surgery, the relationship between TL and different factors that could play a role in TL changes along time.MethodsSearches for relevant articles were performed in MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge and SCOPUS. Prospective longitudinal studies that evaluated leukocyte TL in adult patients who had undergone BS were included. Data were extracted and evaluated by two independent researchers. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO with the number CRD42020197711.ResultsSeven studies based on independent samples that fulfilled our inclusion criteria were included. Obese patients showed shorter telomeres compared to healthy individuals. Long‐term studies (>2 years) seem to suggest an improvement in TL after surgery presumably due to the improvement of the inflammatory and oxidative levels of the patients induced by weight loss.ConclusionStudies seem to point towards a beneficial long‐term effect of BS on TL recovery. However, the scarce number of studies and the heterogeneity in the variables analysed in the different cohorts make it difficult to draw a firm conclusion. More studies are needed to evaluate long‐term changes to TL following BS.
The strategic conversation, 25 years later: A retrospective review of Kees van der Heijden's Scenarios: The Art of Strategic Conversation
Authors: Rowland Nicholas J. , Spaniol Matthew J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKees van der Heijden is an icon in the futures and foresight academic and practitioner community. Educated at the Technische Universiteit Delft, his work at Royal Dutch Shell, the Global Business Network, the Strathclyde Business School at University of Strathclyde, the Saïd Business School and the Templeton College at University of Oxford, and the Netherlands Business School at Nijenrode University has shaped the scholarly field of futures studies as well as the practical world of scenario facilitation. This article is a 25‐year reflective and retrospective book review of Kees van der Heijden's seminal text Scenarios: The Art of Strategic Conversation. The authors conducted interviews with colleagues, coworkers, collaborators, students, and friends of Kees van der Heijden to add depth and dimension to this retrospective work. To bring van der Heijden's work into scholarly conversation with the extant literature, we also situated this return to Scenarios in the context of related works and other reviews of both editions of the book.
The transcription factor zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 alleviates NASH by transcriptional activation of phosphatase and tensin homolog
Authors: Zhao Yichao , Gao Lingchen , Jiang Chenglin , Chen Jianqing , Qin Zihan , Zhong Fangyuan , Yan Yang , Tong Renyang , Zhou Meng , Yuan Ancai , Pu Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
NASH, which is a common clinical condition predisposing to advanced liver diseases, has become a worldwide epidemic. A large and growing unmet therapeutic need for this condition reflects incomplete understanding of its pathogenesis. In the current study, we identified a transcription factor, zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 (ZHX2), in hepatocytes as a protective factor against steatohepatitis.

Approach and Results
We found that hepatic ZHX2 was significantly suppressed in NASH models and steatotic hepatic cells. Hepatocyte‐specific ablation of ZHX2 exacerbated NASH‐related phenotypes in mice, including lipid accumulation, enhanced inflammation, and hepatic fibrosis. Conversely, hepatocyte‐specific overexpression of ZHX2 significantly alleviated the progression of NASH in an experimental setting. Integrated analysis of transcriptomic profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data demonstrated that the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was a target gene of ZHX2 in hepatocyte. ZHX2 bound to the promoter of PTEN gene and subsequently promoted the transcription of PTEN, which mediated the beneficial role of ZHX2 against NASH.

Conclusions
The current findings demonstrate a protective role of ZHX2 against NASH progression by transcriptionally activating PTEN. These findings shed light on the therapeutic potential of targeting ZHX2 for treating NASH and related metabolic disorders.
Difference in the plasma level of miR‐628‐3p in atopic dermatitis patients with/without atopic keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Ueta Mayumi , Nishigaki Hiromi , Komai Seitaro , Sotozono Chie , Kinoshita Shigeru 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionSome but not all patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) present with allergic conjunctival disease (ACD) including severe types such as atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) with/without giant papillae. We hypothesized that different factors are involved in the severity of ACD and AD. Recently we reported that hsa‐miR‐628‐3p could affect the balance of innate immunity by suppressing pathogen‐associated molecular patterns such as toll‐like receptor 3 (TLR3), RIG‐I, and MDA‐5. We also reported that TLR3 positively regulates ocular surface‐ and skin inflammation such as contact dermatitis and AD. Here we compared the plasma level of miR‐628‐3p in AD patients with severe AKC with giant papillae and/or shield ulcers, with the level in healthy controls and AD patient without AKC or with very mild AKC.MethodsWe used the plasma from 32 AD patients with severe AKC, from 40 healthy controls, and from 23 AD patient without AKC or with very mild AKC without giant papillae nor shield ulcers. Quantitative microRNA PCR assays were used to measure their plasma level of miR‐628‐3p.ResultsWe found that plasma miR‐628‐3p was upregulated in AD with severe AKC, but not in severe AD without severe AKC, nor in our healthy controls.ConclusionOur new findings suggest that the plasma miR‐628‐3p level may represent a marker to predict the presence of severe AKC in AD patients.
Circular RNA MTO1 intercorrelates with microRNA‐630, both associate with Enneking stage and/or pathological fracture as well as prognosis in osteosarcoma patients
Authors: Shi Zhihua , Wen Ye , Zhang Senbing , Cheng Xin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveCircular RNA‐mitochondrial tRNA translation optimization 1 (circ‐MTO1) not only involves in bioprocess of various cancers, but also regulates osteosarcoma progression by regulating microRNA‐630 (miR‐630). However, the clinical role of circ‐MTO1 and miR‐630 in osteosarcoma is still obscure. This study aimed to assess the correlation of circ‐MTO1 and miR‐630 with disease features and prognosis and to explore their association with each other in osteosarcoma patients.MethodsForty‐four osteosarcoma patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy to surgical resection were analyzed in this retrospective study. Then, circ‐MTO1 and miR‐630 expressions were evaluated in tumor and adjacent non‐tumor specimens by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsCirc‐MTO1 was lower in tumor than in non‐tumor tissues (p<0.001); meanwhile, its elevated tumor expression was correlated with less advanced Enneking stage (p=0.049), good neoadjuvant chemotherapy response (p=0.029), and longer disease‐free survival (DFS) (p=0.047). However, no association was found between circ‐MTO1 and overall survival (OS) (p=0.122). Additionally, miR‐630 in tumor was higher than in non‐tumor tissues (p<0.001), while its raised tumor expression was associated with pathological fracture occurrence (p=0.003), advanced Enneking stage (p=0.036), poor neoadjuvant chemotherapy response (p=0.035), and shorter DFS (p=0.011). However, no association was found between miR‐630 and OS (p=0.066). In addition, tumor circ‐MTO1 was negatively associated with miR‐630 (r=−0.323, p=0.032).ConclusionCirc‐MTO1 and miR‐630 expressions are inter‐correlated and dysregulated in osteosarcoma patients. Besides, they associate with Enneking stage and/or pathological fracture, as well as neoadjuvant treatment response and accumulating DFS in these patients.
A trauma‐related survival predictive model of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Tang Rui , Wang Hanghang , Peng Junnan , Wang Daoxin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to construct and validate a simple model for the prediction of survival in patients with trauma‐related ARDS.MethodsThis is a single‐center, retrospective cohort study using MIMIC‐III Clinical Database.Results842 patients were included in this study. 175 (20.8%) died in‐hospital, whereas 215 (25.5%) died within 90 days. The deceased group had higher Acute Physiology Score (APS III), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II). In multivariate logistic regression model, independent risk factors for mortality in ARDS patients included age ([odds ratio] OR, 1.035; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.020–1.049), body mass index (OR, 0.957; 95% CI, 0.926–0.989), red blood cell distribution width (OR, 1.283; 95% CI, 1.141–1.443), hematocrit (OR, 1.055; 95% CI, 1.017–1.095), lactate (OR, 1.226; 95% CI, 1.127–1.334), blood urea nitrogen (OR, 1.025; 95% CI, 1.007–1.044), acute kidney failure (OR, 1.875; 95% CI, 1.188–2.959), sepsis (OR, 1.917; 95% CI, 1.165–3.153), type of admission (emergency vs. elective [OR, 2.822; 95% CI, 1.647–4.837], and urgent vs. elective [OR, 5.156; 95% CI, 1.896–14.027]). The area under the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.826, which was superior than the SAPS II (0.776), APS III (0.718), and SOFA (0.692). In the cross‐validation model, the accuracy of the test set was 0.823, the precision was 0.643, and the AUC was 0.813.ConclusionsWe established a prediction model using data commonly used in the clinic, which has high accuracy and precision and is worthy of use in clinical practice.
Monocyte to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio as an independent risk factor for papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Xu Hongzhi , Pang Yufeng , Li Xueqing , Zha Bingbing , He Tao , Ding Heyuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is considered to be an inflammatory disease. This study aimed to investigate the association of monocyte to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) with PTC.MethodsClinical parameters from 300 patients with PTC and 552 patients with benign thyroid nodule were compared. Serum renal function and liver enzymes, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, and blood cell count were measured.ResultsPatients with PTC had a higher MONO (p < 0.001) and MHR (p < 0.001). There was a step‐wise increase in the prevalence of PTC (p = 0.003) with the tertile of MHR. Logistic regression analysis revealed that MHR could be considered an independent risk factor (p < 0.001) in the case‐control study and the cohort study. Pearson correlation analysis and simple linear regression analysis indicated that MHR was positively associated with neutrophil (NEU) and lymphocyte (LYM) count as well as neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.711. The optimal cutoff of MHR was 0.33 × 109/mmol.ConclusionThis study identifies novel evidence that patients with PTC have a higher MHR. MHR is an independent risk factor for PTC. These findings support the application of MHR to predict, diagnose, and evaluate the occurrence of PTC.
Factors Influencing Change in Serum Uric Acid After Administration of the Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Luseogliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Chino Yukihiro , Kuwabara Masanari , Hisatome Ichiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors lower serum uric acid, their long‐term effect on uric acid metabolism is not well understood. We analyzed pooled data from studies wherein patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus received luseogliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor. Upon stratifying patients by baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) or serum uric acid, lower HbA1c or higher serum uric acid level was associated with a greater reduction in serum uric acid after treatment. At week 12 of treatment, significant increases in urinary glucose/creatinine (Cr) ratio and urinary uric acid clearance/Cr clearance ratio (CUA/CCr ratio) and a significant reduction in serum uric acid were observed. Comparison of the subgroups of patients with a reduction or an increase in serum uric acid showed that the increase subgroup had a higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline, and the eGFR was significantly reduced, associated with a significant reduction in the CUA/CCr ratio. Multiple regression analysis showed that the reduction in serum uric acid in the luseogliflozin group was strongly associated with baseline high serum uric acid, low HbA1c levels, and an increase in eGFR. Luseogliflozin was shown to reduce serum uric acid by enhancing urinary uric acid excretion in association with increased urinary glucose. Treatment with luseogliflozin resulted in increased serum uric acid in some patients, which may be due to reduced glomerular filtration of uric acid via the tubuloglomerular feedback. SGLT2 inhibitors reduced serum uric acid desirably in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with low HbA1c and high serum uric acid.
Prediction of soil solution concentrations and leaching losses of cadmium in agricultural soils
Authors: Gray Colin William , Cavanagh Jo‐Anne Elizabeth 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCadmium (Cd) leaching is often estimated in Cd balance models using the product of drainage water (precipitation excess) and soil solution Cd concentration. However, Cd concentrations are seldom available but rather predicted using empirical models. Despite the availability of empirical models that estimate soil solution Cd concentrations, they have limitations for use in New Zealand where total Cd in agricultural soils is low and organic matter (OM) high. This study derived a Freundlich‐type model from desorption data and a soil–liquid partitioning coefficient (KD) model based on sorption data to predict soil solution Cd concentrations from commonly measured soil parameters that could be used to calculate Cd leaching fluxes. Independent soil solution Cd concentrations and Cd fluxes measured in drainage water from field trials were used to validate the predictive capacity of the models. It was found that soil pH and OM content were the most important factors controlling soil solution Cd, along with total Cd. Both models explained 83% of the variation in measured soil solution Cd concentrations in an independent dataset. Comparisons between Cd fluxes predicted using the Freundlich‐type model and measured fluxes were within 25% of each other at 6 of 19 field sites studied. However, physical and chemical nonequilibrium conditions in soils and uncertainty in measured values likely contributed to differences between predicted and measured Cd fluxes at other sites. To unravel the impact of nonequilibrium and soil physical conditions on Cd concentrations in drainage water, more data are required on Cd concentrations collected under field conditions. This will allow better validation of the approach used in Cd balance models to calculate Cd leaching from soils.
Updates to the Spectrum/AIM model for the UNAIDS 2020 HIV estimates
Authors: Stover John , Glaubius Robert , Kassanjee Reshma , Dugdale Caitlin M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe Spectrum/AIM model is used by national HIV programs and UNAIDS to prepare annual estimates of key HIV indicators. This article describes key updates to paediatric and adult models for the 2021 round of HIV estimates.MethodsPotential updates to Spectrum arise due to newly available data, new analyses of existing data, and the need for new issues to be addressed. Updates are guided by experts through the UNAIDS Reference Group on Estimates, Modelling and Projections. Changes are tested and assessed for impact before being accepted into the final model.ResultsSpectrum tracks children living with HIV by CD4% for ages 0–4 and CD4 count for ages 5–14. Data from IeDEA treatment sites have been used to map the transition from CD4% to CD4 count at age 5. Breastfeeding patterns in sub‐Saharan Africa have been updated with the latest survey data and estimates of continuation on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with breastfeeding have been revised based on recent studies. Model assumptions about the CD4 counts of people who drop out of ART have been revised to account for CD4 count increases while on treatment. If available, monthly data on numbers on ART can now be used to estimate the effects of COVID‐19‐related disruptions during 2020.ConclusionsThese changes are intended to provide more accurate estimates of HIV burden. The effects of these changes on paediatric indicators are small except in countries with new surveys that might have updated patterns of breastfeeding. Changes to the adult model have little effect on total new infections. AIDS‐related deaths will be somewhat lower in countries that have data on ART drop out but might be increased by HIV care disruptions due to COVID‐19. The updated model uses newly available data to improve the estimation of paediatric and adult HIV indicators.
Progress towards 2020 global HIV impact and treatment targets
Authors: Mahy Mary I. , Sabin Keith M. , Feizzadeh Ali , Wanyeki Ian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionOver the past 20 years, the response to the HIV epidemic has achieved remarkable results. These results have often been motivated by targets adopted by countries through United Nations (UN) Political Declarations on HIV. The 2016 political declaration included two impact targets, to achieve a 75% decline in new HIV infections and AIDS‐related deaths between 2010 and 2020, and to reach the 90‐90‐90 testing and treatment targets by 2020. Our objective is to summarize progress towards these targets using robust and comparable HIV estimates released by UNAIDS in July 2021. In addition, we comment on the importance of targets and the modelled estimates required to quantify those targets.DiscussionThe UNAIDS estimates indicate that at the global and regional levels, the 2020 targets were missed: new infections declined by 31% and AIDS‐related deaths declined by 47% between 2010 and 2020, compared to a target of 75% decline for both indicators. Similarly, no region achieved the 90‐90‐90 testing and treatment targets. Some countries, in diverse settings, achieved these targets showing that the targets were not overly ambitious if the right funding, policies and evidence‐informed interventions at the right scale were in place. The 2021 UN Political Declaration on HIV, adopted on 8 June 2021, has set out a new set of ambitious but achievable targets for 2025. The 2025 targets and the required actions to reach those targets are described in the Global AIDS Strategy 2021–2026, which provides a framework to reprioritize HIV responses by reducing inequalities and building on the achievements of multiple Sustainable Development Goals. The Strategy encourages countries to monitor progress against targets for different geographic areas and populations to maximize equitable services and ensure accountability and also to understand why targets are being missed.ConclusionsThe UNAIDS epidemiological estimates provide information that promote accountability and estimate progress towards global targets at the national level. Additional strategic information and analyses are required to identify the populations that are furthest from the targets and the programmes and policies that are keeping countries from meeting their targets.
Safety of Ibuprofen in Children With G6PD Deficiency: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pankey Ashley N. , Chandar Ashwin , Isaacson Glenn 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionIbuprofen is included on websites and frequently referenced lists as medium risk for inducing hemolysis in children with glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. This presents a challenge for otolaryngologists who perform tonsillectomy and other surgeries in children, as ibuprofen serves as an important alternative to opioids for perioperative pain control. We systematically review published literature and national medication databases to evaluate the risk of hemolytic anemia and related complications when ibuprofen is used in children with G6PD deficiency.MethodsSystematic literature review using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses methodology. National drug adverse reaction database inquiry.ResultsOur search yielded 774 results for review consideration. Of these, three studies were included in our final analysis (two retrospective case‐series, and one nonrandomized prospective study). The prospective study showed no evidence of hemolysis from perioperative exposure to ibuprofen or other non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in children with G6PD deficiency at high risk. Two population studies in the Middle East suggested extremely low incidence of ibuprofen‐related hemolysis (approximate 1/100,000 affected children per year). United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Medicine Agency, and Health Canada adverse drug reaction databases reveled reported ibuprofen‐related hematologic adverse reactions of approximate 1/100 million affected children per year.ConclusionsThere is scant, low‐quality evidence of hemolytic anemia caused by ibuprofen in children with G6PD deficiency. If an association does exist, it is extremely rare. Drug‐induced hemolytic anemias are recognizable and reversible following discontinuation of the inciting medication. Given these low risks, ibuprofen should be considered an appropriate choice in the management of perioperative pain in children with G6PD deficiency.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:1300–1305, 2022