bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Death of Mani in Retrospect
Authors: O’Farrell Matthew 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe execution of the prophet Mani (c. 216-273) by the Sasanian king Bahram I (r. 271-274) received sharply different treatments in the historiography of three of the confessional groups of the Sasanian empire. Variously a persecuted prophet, a blasphemous lunatic or a sinister heresiarch the representations of this moment sought to establish its meaning in the context of communal narratives predicated on the claims of sacred history. Despite this, it is notable that Manichean, Christian and Perso-Arabic accounts clearly share features. This indicates not only that Mani’s death became a site of competition between the constituent groups of the Sasanian empire, but that the internal historiographies of these groups were in some sense entwined, or at least sensitive to the historical claims made by their opponents. This is particularly relevant in the case of the Perso-Arabic narrative. This version, which almost certainly descends from a priestly Zoroastrian source, presents a picture of a confident priesthood stiffening the spine of a wavering king. It is contended that the source of this story was composed as a counterstrike in a historical debate in which Christian and Manichean authors had successfully propagated an image of Bahram’s court as religiously tepid and his priests as slanderers or non-entities. That such an intervention was required signals a disjuncture between early and late forms of Sasanian ideology. Moreover, it presents more evidence in support of theories of a late and deliberate construction of Zoroastrian “orthodoxy”.
Natural Disasters and Time: Non-eschatological Perceptions of Earthquakes in Late Antique and Medieval Historiography
Authors: Bergmeier Armin F. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This contribution analyzes the rhetoric surrounding natural disasters in historiographic sources, challenging our assumptions about the eschatological nature of late antique and medieval historical consciousness. Contrary to modern expectations, a large number of late antique and medieval sources indicate that earthquakes and other natural disasters were understood as signs from God, relating to theophanic encounters or divine wrath in the present time. Building on recent research on premodern concepts of time and historical consciousness, the article underscores the fact that eschatological models of time and history-that is, the relentless linear, teleological progression of time towards the End of Days-was not how premodern people perceived the relationship between past, present, and future. The textual evidence presented here is supported by a fragmented and littleknown illuminated historiographic text, the Ravennater Annalen, housed today in the cathedral library in Merseburg. This copy of a sixth-century illustrated calendar from Ravenna contains unique depictions of earthquakes in the form of giants breathing fire. Like the textual sources, this visual document should not be read as a premonition of the End of Days, rather it visualizes the belief that divine agency and wrath caused natural disasters.
Ultrahigh-Q system of a few coaxial disks
Authors: Pichugin Konstantin , Sadreev Almas , Bulgakov Evgeny 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Resonant modes of high contrast dielectric disk have finite Q-factors in the subwavelength range due to radiation leakage into the surrounding space. That leakage can be reduced considerably (a few times) by exploiting of the mechanism of destructive interference of two modes for avoided crossing of resonances (ACR) (Rybin et al. M. V. Rybin, K. L. Koshelev, Z. F. Sadrieva, et al., “High-Q Supercavity Modes in Subwavelength Dielectric Resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 119, p. 243901, 2017.). In the present paper we report suppression of radiation leakage by a few orders in magnitude via the ACR in the structure of three and four different coaxial disks. For fine multi-scale tuning of disks we reveal the ultrahigh-Q resonances of order 105 for the case of three disks and of order 106 for the case of four coaxial disks of equal radii.
Mechanical performance of aerated concrete and its bonding performance with glass fiber grille
Authors: Li Zhenfang , Gao Dong , Wu Chuanji , Lv Guoqing , Liu Xin , Zhai Haoran , Huang Zhanfang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper studied the mechanical performance of aerated concrete and its bonding performance with glass fiber grille, and explores the influence of aluminum powder and aluminum powder on mechanical performance and bonding performance. The results showed that the compressive strength of aerated concrete decreased with the increase of aluminum powder content, while it first increased and then decreased with the increase of ferrosilicon alloy powder content. The failure modes of specimens were fiber fracture failure, and the fibers were not pulled out from the aerated concrete. It can provide a theoretical basis for the application of aerated concrete and glass fiber in engineering.
Impact of temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity on MHD blood flow through a stretching surface with ohmic effect and chemical reaction
Authors: Sharma Bhupendra K. , Kumawat Chandan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A study has been carried for a viscous, incompressible electrically conducting MHD blood flow with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and viscosity through a stretching surface in the presence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and chemical reaction. The flow is subjected to a uniform transverse magnetic field normal to the flow. The governing coupled partial differential equations are converted into a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODE) using similarity analysis. The resultant non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using the boundary value problem solver (bvp4c) in MATLAB with a convincible accuracy. The effects of the physical parameters such as viscosity parameter

(

μ
(

T
˜

b

)

)

\left({\mu ({{\tilde T}_b})} \right)

, permeability parameter (β), magnetic field parameter (M), Local Grashof number (Gr) for thermal diffusion, Local modified Grashof number for mass diffusion (Gm), the Eckert number (Ec), the thermal conductivity parameter

(

K
(

T
˜

b

)

)

\left({K({{\tilde T}_b})} \right)

on the velocity, temperature, concentration profiles, skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are presented graphically. The physical visualization of flow parameters that appeared in the problem is discussed with the help of various graphs to convey the real life application in industrial and engineering processes. A comparison has been made with previously published work and present study revels the good agreement with the published work. This study will be helpful in the clinical healing of pathological situations accompanied by accelerated circulation.
Spatiotemporal coordination in word-medial stop-lateral and s-stop clusters of American English
Authors: Lialiou Maria , Sotiropoulou Stavroula , Gafos Adamantios I. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the relation between syllabic organization and intersegmental spatiotemporal coordination using Electromagnetic Articulometry recordings from seven speakers of American English (henceforth, English). Whereas previous work on English has focused on word-initial clusters (preceding a vowel whose identity was not systematically varied), the present work examined word-medial clusters /pl, kl, sp, sk/ in the context of three different vowel heights (high, mid, low). Our results provide evidence for a global organization for the segments involved in these cluster-vowel combinations. This is reflected in a number of ways: compression of the prevocalic consonant and reduction of CV timing in the word-medial cluster case compared to its singleton paired word in both stop-lateral and s-stop clusters, early vowel initiation (as permitted by the clusters’ phonetic properties), and presence of compensatory relations between phonetic properties of different segments or intersegmental transitions within each cluster. In other words, we find that the global organization presiding over the segments partaking in these word-medial tautosyllabic CCVs is pleiotropic, that is, simultaneously expressed in multiple phonetic exponents rather than via a privileged metric such as c-center stability or any other such given single measure employed in previous works.
Effect of annealing temperature on the interface state density of n-ZnO nanorod/p-Si heterojunction diodes
Authors: Faraz Sadia Muniza , Jafri Syed Riaz un Nabi , Khan Hashim Raza , Shah Wakeel , Alvi Naveed ul Hassan , Wahab Qamar ul , Nur Omer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The effect of post-growth annealing treatment of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods on the electrical properties of their heterojunction diodes (HJDs) is investigated. ZnO nanorods are synthesized by the low-temperature aqueous solution growth technique and annealed at temperatures of 400 and 600°C. The as-grown and annealed nanorods are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Electrical characterization of the ZnO/Si heterojunction diode is done by current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements at room temperature. The barrier height (ϕ
B), ideality factor (n), doping concentration and density of interface states (N
SS) are extracted. All HJDs exhibited a nonlinear behavior with rectification factors of 23, 1,596 and 309 at ±5 V for the as-grown, 400 and 600°C-annealed nanorod HJDs, respectively. Barrier heights of 0.81 and 0.63 V are obtained for HJDs of 400 and 600°C-annealed nanorods, respectively. The energy distribution of the interface state density has been investigated and found to be in the range 0.70 × 1010 to 1.05 × 1012 eV/cm2 below the conduction band from E
C = 0.03 to E
C = 0.58 eV. The highest density of interface states is observed in HJDs of 600°C-annealed nanorods. Overall improved behavior is observed for the heterojunctions diodes of 400°C-annealed ZnO nanorods.
Herausforderungen für die Außenwirtschaftspolitik und die Wirtschaftspolitik im Inland
Authors: Grüner Hans Peter 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungHans Peter Grüner benennt wichtige Herausforderungen für die Wirtschaftspolitik der kommenden Legislaturperiode. Er plädiert für eine strategisch angelegte Außenwirtschaftspolitik, die enger als bisher mit einer gemeinsamen europäischen Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik abgestimmt wird. Sie in dieser Form nach innen und außen schlüssig zu kommunizieren, sei im Umgang mit wirtschaftlich erstarkenden Oligarchien außen- und wirtschaftspolitisch von Nutzen. Zu den strategisch relevanten Themen gehörten insbesondere die Regulierung und Besteuerung von Netzwerken und Intermediären sowie die Energieversorgung.
Moderne Klimapolitik und nachhaltiges Wachstum
Authors: Krebs Tom 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die traditionelle Klimapolitik legt den Fokus auf das Setzen eines einheitlichen CO2-Preises als zentrales Instrument zum Erreichen der Klimaziele. Eine moderne Klimapolitik hingegen erweitert die staatlichen Handlungsspielräume und rückt die Infrastruktur- und Industriepolitik in den Mittelpunkt. Die traditionelle Klimapolitik läuft Gefahr zu scheitern, weil sie in der Praxis einen Widerspruch zwischen Klimaschutz und Wohlstand erzeugt. Nur eine moderne Klimapolitik kann Klimaschutz und Wohlstand miteinander verknüpfen, indem sie die Grundlage für ökologisch nachhaltiges Wachstum schafft. Moderne Klimapolitik ist eine gesellschaftlich optimale Politik, weil heterogene Anpassungskosten, makroökonomische Risiken und natürliche Monopole in der Realität eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Ein großvolumiges Wasserstoffpaket des Bundes mit zusätzlichen Klimainvestitionen von 100 Mrd. Euro bis 2030 ist Teil einer modernen Klimapolitik und lässt sich im Rahmen der Schuldenbremse ohne nennenswerte Einengung der finanziellen Spielräume verwirklichen.
Effects of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist on fasting model applied neuron cultures
Authors: Pınarbaşı Arzu , Pak Meltem , Kolay Murat , Öz Arslan Devrim , Aksungar Fehime Benli 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists used for the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), has important roles on the regulation of metabolism including ketogenesis in fasting and low glucose states. Recently PPARγ was proven to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on neuronal cells.

Methods
In the present study, effects of pioglitazone (PPARγ agonist) on cell survival, energy metabolism and mitochondrial functions were investigated in glucose deprived fasting model applied SH-SY5Y (ATCC/CRL 2266) cell lines. Before and after pioglitazone treatment; energy metabolites (glucose, lactate, ketone (βOHB), lactate dehydrogenase activity), mitochondrial citrate synthase activity and cell viability were investigated.

Results and Conclusions
PPARγ agonist addition to glucose deprived, ketone added neurons provided positive improvements in energy metabolites (p<0.01), mitochondrial functions (p<0.001) and survival rates (p<0.01). Changes in mitochondrial citrate synthase activity, lactate and LDH levels of neuronal cells treated with PPARγ agonist have not been previously shown. Our results suggest, pioglitazone as an effective alternative for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases especially with the presence of ketone bodies. By clarifying the mechanisms of PPARγ agonists, a great contribution will be made to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Multi-condition design optimization of groove flow control technique in an axial-flow pump
Authors: Li Jinghong , Zhang Rui , Xu Hui , Feng Jiangang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
To address the limitations of conventional groove designs in groove flow control technique, this paper optimizes the groove flow control technique for an axial-flow pump combining the design of experiment (DOE), response surface methodology (RSM), and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The sample space is designed using a combination method (OD-LHS) of orthogonal design (OD) and Latin hypercube sampling (LHS). Performance prediction models for the axial-flow pump are established using RSM. Taking the multi-condition comprehensive evaluation function as the final optimization objective, PSO is used to find the optimum groove parameters. The results show that the proposed method is effective in solving multi-condition optimization problems for grooves in axial-flow pumps. The optimal groove length, depth, and distance from the center of the impeller are 0.8, 0.05, and 0.2 times the impeller diameter, respectively, and the number is three times the number of blades. In addition, the optimal grooves effectively improve the hydraulic performance of the axial-flow pump under stall conditions. This study sheds light on the design optimization of the groove flow control technique for axial-flow pumps and other types of hydraulic machinery.
Inward and outward dust acoustic cylindrical and spherical waves interaction in four-component dusty plasma with nonthermal ions
Authors: Ghosh Uday Narayan , Chatterjee Prasanta , Kaur Barjinder 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A theoretical investigation by an all-inclusive adaptation of the PLK strategy is carried out in order to study the inward and outward interaction between two cylindrical and spherical dust acoustic solitary waves (DASWs) in an unmagnetized dusty plasma consisting of nonthermal distributed ions, negatively and positively charged dust grains along with electrons featuring Boltzmann’s distribution. The interactions and collisions between two cylindrical and spherical geometries at different time scales are studied. Also the combined effects of the nonthermality of ions, ion to electron temperature ratio as well as mass ratio of positive to negative dust grains have been studied in detail on the phase shifts raised due to collision. It has been seen that the properties of the cooperation of DASWs in cylindrical and spherical shaped are distinct.
Hero vis-à-vis Author
Authors: Rrahmani Kujtim 
Published: October 2021

This article examines the complex relationship between the hero and the author. Through a reflexive phenomenological tone, it is argued that the hero depicts the emotional seed of the subject itself while the author is the beautiful mind that projects events and worlds by cultivating the intellectual seed. The call of adventure as a ringing bell for the hero and the author, the proclaimed Death of the Author, the almost confirmed Death of the Hero, and the horizon of the Teacher’s Death are discussed. In this setting, the fear from the authority of the hero and the author remains imminent. This article attempts to move beyond the horizon of death certificates in order to reach primary frequencies at the nexus between author and hero, derived from the very inner tones of the human psyche that come as a call to take us away to the beautiful world of Aha Erlebnis. The author and the hero – they do matter.
Conjoint Developmental Trajectories of Adolescent E-cigarette and Combustible Cigarette Use
Authors: Audrain-McGovern Janet , Rodriguez Daniel , Pianin Stephen , Testa Shannon 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES
In this study, we sought to identify which adolescents progress to regular electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use (without cigarette smoking), which adolescents become dual users of both types of cigarettes, and how dual use develops across time.

METHODS
Adolescents (N = 1808) from public high schools outside Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, completed in-classroom surveys at wave 1 (fall 2016, beginning of ninth grade) and at 6-month intervals for the following 36 months (fall 2019, beginning of 12th grade).

RESULTS
A sequential processes growth mixture model identified 4 conjoint latent classes: later, rapid e-cigarette uptake (class 1: n = 230); no use of e-cigarettes or combustible cigarettes (class 2: n = 1141); earlier, steady e-cigarette uptake (class 3: n = 265); and dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes (class 4: n = 204). Using a rich set of potential risk factors, multinomial logistic regression assessed the likelihood of belonging to each conjoint class compared with the comparison class (dual use). Adolescents in the dual use class were characterized by a greater number and severity of e-cigarette and combustible cigarette risk factors. Adolescents in the 2 e-cigarettes–only classes were characterized by either e-cigarette–specific risk factors (earlier onset) or no risk factors (later onset). The no use class had an absence of risk factors for e-cigarette and cigarette use.

CONCLUSIONS
This study provides new prospective evidence for distinct patterns and profiles of adolescents who progress to current e-cigarette use, including adolescents who were initially cigarette smokers. The findings have implications for prevention intervention timing, tobacco product focus, content, and the adolescent subgroups to target.
Az interleukin-6-expresszió vizsgálata colorectalis adenocarcinomában szenvedő betegeken
Authors: Jósa Valéria , Féderer Krisztina , Zrubka Zsombor , Reiniger Lilla , Baranyai Zsolt 
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló.
Bevezetés: A gyulladásos folyamatok és a tumorok kialakulása,
illetve progressziója közötti összetett kapcsolat ismert. Az interleukin-6 (IL6)
egy pleiotrop gyulladásos citokin, melynek tumorstimuláló és -gátló tulajdonsága
is van. Célkitűzés: Kutatásunk célja az IL6-expresszió
vizsgálata volt colorectalis adenocarcinoma miatt reszekción átesett betegek
szövettani metszetein. Módszer: Az Uzsoki Utcai Kórházban 2004
és 2011 között reszekált 64, colorectalis tumoros beteg demográfiai, sebészeti
és patológiai adatait gyűjtöttük össze. A betegek szövettani metszeteit
IL6-antitesttel festettük. A digitalizált metszeteket kvantitatív színelemzéssel
kiértékeltük, majd az eredményeket a betegek klinikai paramétereinek
függvényében elemeztük. Eredmények: Előrehaladott stádiumú
betegekben a tumorsejtek IL6-expressziója szignifikánsan magasabbnak bizonyult
lineáris regresszióval. A tumorsejtek IL6-expressziója azonban nem korrelált a
nemmel, az életkorral vagy a tumor differenciáltságával.
Megbeszélés: Különbségek mutatkoztak a tumorsejtek és a
stromasejtek IL6-kifejeződése között. Következtetés: Az IL6
hasznos marker és potenciális terápiás cél lehet az előrehaladottabb stádiumú
colorectalis tumoros betegeknél. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(37): 1502–1507.
Summary.
Introduction: It is well known that there is a complex
correlation between inflammation and tumor development and tumor progression.
Interleukin-6 (IL6) is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine with both tumor
stimulating and inhibiting effect. Objective: The goal of our
study was to evaluate the IL6 expression of histological slides from patients
after resection of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Method:
Demographical, surgical, and pathological findings of 64 patients with
colorectal cancer operated between 2004 and 2011 in Uzsoki Teaching Hospital
were evaluated. Histopathological slides were stained with IL6 antibody. The
digitalized slides were assessed with quantitative color analysis, and the
results were evaluated according to patients’ clinical parameters.
Results: Linear regression showed significantly higher IL6
expression in the tumor cells in patients with advanced stages. However, the IL6
expression of the tumor cells did not correlate with sex, age, or tumor grade.
Discussion: There were differences between the IL6
expression in tumor cells and stromal cells. Conclusion: IL6
may be a useful marker and potential therapeutic target in patients with
advanced colorectal cancer. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(37): 1502–1507.
A nem denaturált 2-es típusú kollagén hatása az arthrosisra
Authors: Sütő Gábor 
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. Az arthrosis az ízületeket alkotó porc, csont és a
környező lágy részek leépülésével járó betegség. A betegség jelentős fájdalommal
jár, progresszív, az ízület strukturális átalakulását és ennek következtében
jelentős funkcióvesztést és életminőség-romlást okoz. Kialakulásában
immunológiai gyulladásos folyamatok is szerepet játszanak, amelyek befolyásolása
lehetőséget ad nemcsak tüneti kezelésre, hanem betegségmódosító terápia
kialakítására is. A nem denaturált 2-es típusú kollagén oralis alkalmazása
szisztémás toleranciát hoz létre, ami a proinflammatoricus folyamatok gátlása és
az antiinflammatoricus hatások erősítése révén új lehetőség az immunmodulációra.
A klinikai vizsgálatok a betegeknél a fájdalom jelentős csökkenéséről, a
mozgásszervek funkciójának javulásáról számolnak be, és a kezelés egészséges
ízületben is nyújthat védelmet a mechanikus stressz okozta ízületi károsodással
szemben. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(37): 1481–1484.
Summary. Osteoarthritis is a disease of the cartilage, bone and
surrounding soft tissues that make up the joints. The disease is associated with
significant pain, it is progressive, causing structural transformation of the
joint and, as a result, significant loss of function and deterioration in the
quality of life. Immunological inflammatory processes also play a role in its
development, the influence of which allows not only symptomatic treatment, but
also the development of disease-modifying therapy. Oral administration of
undenatured type II collagen creates systemic tolerance, which is a new
opportunity for immunomodulation by inhibiting proinflammatory processes and
enhancing anti-inflammatory effects. Clinical trials have reported significant
reduction in pain, improved musculoskeletal function in patients, and the
therapy may provide protection against joint damage caused by mechanical stress
in healthy joints. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(37): 1481–1484.