bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of a new gasless method and the conventional CO2 pneumoperitoneum method in laparoendoscopic single-site cholecystectomy: a prospective randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jiang Min , Zhao Gang , Huang Anhua , Zhang Kai , Wang Bo , Jiang Zhaoyan , Ding Kan , Hu Hai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo avoid CO2pneumoperitoneum-associated cardiopulmonary side-effects during conventional laparoscopic surgeries, we have developed a gasless laparoscopic operation field formation (LOFF) device for laparoendoscopic single-site surgery. The aim of this study is to analyze the safety and efficacy of the LOFF device for laparoendoscopic single-site cholecystectomy and to verify its advantage of avoiding CO2pneumoperitoneum-associated complications. In this prospective, randomized, observer-blinded clinical trial, eligible participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to undergo either conventional CO2pneumoperitoneum assisted laparoendoscopic single-site cholecystectomy (LESS) or the new gasless LOFF device assisted laparoendoscopic single-site cholecystectomy (LOFF-LESS). Outcomes including intra-operative respiratory and hemodynamic parameters, operation time, conversion rate, complication rate, et al were compared between the two groups. A total of 100 patients were randomized to the LESS group [n = 50; mean (SD) age, 49.5 (13.9) years; 24 (48.0%) women] and the LOFF-LESS group [n = 50, mean (SD) age, 47.4 (13.3) years; 27 (54.0%) women]. Compared with the LOFF-LESS group, the LESS group witnessed significant fluctuations in intra-operative respiratory and hemodynamic parameters. The tracheal extubation time of the LESS group was significantly longer (P = 0.001). The gasless LOFF device is safe and feasible for simple laparoscopic cholecystectomy and has a predominance of avoiding CO2pneumoperitoneum-associated cardiopulmonary side-effects. Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000033702Graphic abstract
Energy-based performance analysis of a double pass solar air collector integrated to triangular shaped fins
Authors: Machi Maytham H. , Al-Neama Maytham A. , Buzás J. , Farkas I. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the performance of a double pass solar air collector with triangular integrated fins was investigated experimentally at Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences in Gödöllő, Hungary. The focus of this research is on energy-based performance evaluation. The thermal efficiency of the collector has been compared by testing two collectors that had the same design, with and without fins. The effect of the collector's air mass flow rate on thermal performance was investigated under various environmental situations. The results revealed that the temperature difference is always higher through the finned collector and the higher variation temperature between the inlet and outlet temperature leads to higher useful heat. The daily thermal efficiency of the finned collector was 56.57%, 59.41%, and 61.42%, while for the un-finned collector was 51.04%, 53.28%, and 57.08% for the mass flow rate 0.0081, 0.0101, and 0.0121 kg/s. The finned double pass solar air collector improved the thermal efficiency by 4.3–6.1% over the un-finned one. The efficiency of the finned collector is always higher than the un-finned one regardless of the mass flow rate. The presence of the fins to the top air channels significantly increases collector efficiency, owing to the increased absorbing surface area, which is responsible for increasing the internal thermal convective exchanges. Moreover, it creates a turbulence airflow, meaning that the air will be in good contact with the absorber plate and penetrate all regions, reducing the dead zones contributing to increased heat transfer.
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) for the Evaluation of Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Non-obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (MINOCA)
Authors: De Michele F. , Guerra F. S. , Forte V. , Carrieri A. , Chieppa D. R. R. , Guglielmi G. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Myocardial infarction in the absence of coronary artery disease is caused by a variety of clinical conditions, so it is important to detect the specific causes in order to perform a better prognostic stratification of these patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the most important findings that established the role of CMR (cardiovascular magnetic resonance) to detect the MINOCA (myocardial infarction with non-obstructive arteries) patients and the importance to differentiate them from myocardial infarction patients.

Recent Findings
The role of CMR is crucial to diagnose the principal diseases involved in MINOCA, as demonstrated. The several MR sequences used in all the MINOCA patients showed different results for all the different causes of MINOCA and, surely, high-resolution MR with gadolinium enhancement has been considered the best method to differentiate the transmural lesions.

Summary
Another fundamental aspect to be considered is the experience of CMR radiologists, which represent the most important element for the right diagnosis of MINOCA. Surely, in the future, CMR will be the most important technique of choice for MINOCA patients, playing a key role in their management.
Self-Perceived Facial Attractiveness, Fluctuating Asymmetry, and Minor Ailments Predict Mental Health Outcomes
Authors: Borráz-León Javier I. , Rantala Markus J. , Luoto Severi , Krams Indrikis A. , Contreras-Garduño Jorge , Krama Tatjana , Cerda-Molina Ana Lilia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective
Phenotypic markers associated with developmental stability such as fluctuating asymmetry, facial attractiveness, and reports of minor ailments can also act as indicators of overall physical health. However, few studies have assessed whether these markers might also be cues of mental health. We tested whether self- and other-perceived facial attractiveness, fluctuating asymmetry, and minor ailments are associated with psychopathological symptoms in a mixed sample of 358 college students, controlling for the effects of body mass index, age, and sex.

Methods
We applied the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) questionnaire to assess psychopathological symptoms, a battery of questionnaires about self-perceptions of facial attractiveness, and gathered information about the number of previous minor ailments as well as demographic data. Other-perceived attractiveness was assessed by an independent mixed sample of 109 subjects. Subjects’ facial fluctuating asymmetry was determined by geometric morphometrics.

Results
The results revealed that in both men and women, higher self-perceived attractiveness and fewer minor ailments predicted lower scores of Somatization, Obsessive–Compulsive, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Phobic Anxiety, Paranoid Ideation, Psychoticism, and a General Psychopathology Index. Higher facial fluctuating asymmetry was associated with higher Interpersonal Sensitivity, but did not contribute to its prediction when controlling for the other studied variables.

Conclusions
The observed strong associations between self-perceived attractiveness, minor ailments, and psychopathology indicate common developmental pathways between physiological and psychological symptomatology which may reflect broader life history (co)variation between genetics, developmental environment, and psychophysiological functioning.
Laser Erasing and Rewriting of Flexible Copper Circuits
Authors: Zhou Xingwen , Guo Wei , Peng Peng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntegrating construction and reconstruction of highly conductive structures into one process is of great interest in developing and manufacturing of electronics, but it is quite challenging because these two involve contradictive additive and subtractive processes. In this work, we report an all-laser mask-less processing technology that integrates manufacturing, modifying, and restoring of highly conductive Cu structures. By traveling a focused laser, the Cu patterns can be fabricated on the flexible substrate, while these as-written patterns can be selectively erased by changing the laser to a defocused state. Subsequently, the fresh patterns with identical conductivity and stability can be rewritten by repeating the writing step. Further, this erasing–rewriting process is also capable of repairing failure patterns, such as oxidation and cracking. Owing to the high controllability of this writing–erasing–rewriting process and its excellent reproducibility for conductive structures, it opens a new avenue for rapid healing and prototyping of electronics.
Redefining the Graph Edit Distance
Authors: Serratosa Francesc 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGraph edit distance has been used since 1983 to compare objects in machine learning when these objects are represented by attributed graphs instead of vectors. In these cases, the graph edit distance is usually applied to deduce a distance between attributed graphs. This distance is defined as the minimum amount of edit operations (deletion, insertion and substitution of nodes and edges) needed to transform a graph into another. Since now, it has been stated that the distance properties have to be applied [(1) non-negativity (2) symmetry (3) identity and (4) triangle inequality] to the involved edit operations in the process of computing the graph edit distance to make the graph edit distance a metric. In this paper, we show that there is no need to impose the triangle inequality in each edit operation. This is an important finding since in pattern recognition applications, the classification ratio usually maximizes in the edit operation combinations (deletion, insertion and substitution of nodes and edges) that the triangle inequality is not fulfilled.
Comparison between single and multiple renal vessels in live donor allograft kidney transplantation: Surgical aspects and outcomes, 25 years experience
Authors: Khattab Alomar Omar Salem 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
The evolving increase in incidence of end stage renal disease in Iraq leading to higher need for live donor kidney transplant that is facing big challenge of live donation shortage which acquire re-evaluation for live donation exclusion criteria.

Aim of study:
To assess whether kidney transplantation using grafts with multiple vessels is associated with higher rate of complications than single vessel.

Patients & methods:
A retrospective cross sectional review study carried at Renal Transplant Center-Medical City teaching hospital and Private Hospitals in Baghdad-Iraq, during the period from 1st of June 1997 to 1st of June 2017 on convenient sample of 2674 live donor transplant patients. The patients were classified first into two groups (single renal vessel vs. multiple renal vessels) and second into four groups: Group A: 1837 grafts with a single artery single anastomosis. Group B: 483 grafts with multiple arteries single anastomosis, Group C-1,2,3: 202 grafts with multiple arteries multiple anastomosis, Group D: 152 grafts with multiple veins multiple anastomosis.

Results:
The vascular reconstruction of renal artery for transplant patients was either single renal vessel (68.7%) or multiple renal vessels (31.3%). No significant differences were observed between transplant patients with single renal vessel and patients with multiple renal vessels regarding survival duration, outcome, graft survival and graft survival duration. There was a highly significant association between younger age transplant patients and single renal vessel graft (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The long term outcomes of patients transplanted with single vessel live donor allograft kidney and patients transplanted with multiple vessels live donor allograft kidney are not obviously different.

Highlights
When Computers Dream of Charcoal
Authors: Carter Benjamin P. , Blackadar Jeff H. , Conner Weston L. A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis research employs machine learning (Mask Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks [Mask R-CNN]) and cluster analysis (Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise [DBSCAN]) to identify more than 20,000 relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) organized in large “fields” within and around State Game Lands (SGLs) in Pennsylvania. This research has two important threads that we hope will advance the archaeological study of landscapes. The first is the significant historical impact of charcoal production, a poorly understood industry of the late eighteenth to early twentieth century, on the historic and present landscape of the United States. Although this research focuses on charcoal production in Pennsylvania, it has broad application for both identifying and contextualizing historical charcoal production throughout the world and for better understanding modern charcoal production. The second thread is the use of open data, open source, and open access tools to conduct this analysis, as well as the open publication of the resultant data. Not only does this research demonstrate the significance of open access tools and data but the open publication of our code as well as our data allow others to replicate our work, to tweak our code and protocols for their own work, and reuse our results.
On generative models as the basis for digital twins
Authors: Tsialiamanis George , Wagg David J. , Dervilis Nikolaos , Worden Keith 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA framework is proposed for generative models as a basis fordigital twinsormirrorsof structures. The proposal is based on the premise that deterministic models cannot account for the uncertainty present in most structural modeling applications. Two different types of generative models are considered here. The first is a physics-based model based on the stochastic finite element (SFE) method, which is widely used when modeling structures that have material and loading uncertainties imposed. Such models can be calibrated according to data from the structure and would be expected to outperform any other model if the modeling accurately captures the true underlying physics of the structure. The potential use of SFE models as digital mirrors is illustrated via application to a linear structure with stochastic material properties. For situations where the physical formulation of such models does not suffice, a data-driven framework is proposed, using machine learning and conditional generative adversarial networks (cGANs). The latter algorithm is used to learn the distribution of the quantity of interest in a structure with material nonlinearities and uncertainties. For the examples considered in this work, the data-driven cGANs model outperforms the physics-based approach. Finally, an example is shown where the two methods are coupled such that a hybrid model approach is demonstrated.
Does Power Always Flow to the Executive? Interbranch Oscillations in Legislative Authority, 1976–2014
Authors: Chaisty Paul , Power Timothy 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIs legislative power flowing to the executive branch over time? Beginning in the 1990s, comparativists began to investigate delegation to the executive under different executive formats. Hypothesized causes include collective action problems due to legislative fractionalization, the presence of a dominant pro-executive faction, preference congruence vis-à-vis the head of government, and challenges posed by economic crises. We test these four hypotheses on a data set containing 2,020 country-year observations of democracies and semi-democracies between 1976 and 2014. Using V-Dem data, we derive annualized measures of shifts in executive–legislative relationships. Contrary to stereotypes of executive dominance, relative gains by legislatures are no less frequent than gains by executives, and economic crises do not advantage political executives in consistent ways. Surprisingly, some of the factors expected to benefit executives seem to enhance assembly authority as well. Robust democracy maintains interbranch power relations in equilibrium, while lower levels of polyarchy are associated with greater ‘noise’ in the relationship.
Resonance in dialogue: the interplay between intersubjective motivations and cognitive facilitation
Authors: PÕLDVERE NELE , JOHANSSON VICTORIA , PARADIS CARITA 
Published: August 2021

abstractDialogic resonance, when speakers reproduce constructions from prior turns, is a compelling type of coordination in everyday conversation. This study takes its starting point in resonance in stance-taking sequences with the aim to account for the interplay between intersubjective motivations and cognitive facilitation in resonance production. It analyzes stance-taking sequences in the London–Lund Corpus 2, determining (i) the type of stance alignment (agreement or disagreement), and (ii) the time lapse between the stance-taking turns. The main findings are, firstly, that resonance is more likely than non-resonance to be used by speakers who express disagreement than agreement, which we interpret as a mitigating function of resonance, and, secondly, that the turn transitions are faster in resonating sequences due to cognitive activation in the prior turn. We propose that the face-saving intersubjective motivation of resonance combines with its facilitating cognitive effect to promote appeasing communication.
Flexible Nation: The Turkish Nation under the Justice and Development Party’s Rule
Authors: Kaftan Gizem 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article explains how the Turkish nation’s composition has changed under Justice and Development Party rule. Turkish nationalism and Turkish national identity have dramatically changed since 2010, when the Kurdish Opening process was started by former prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. The Syrian refugee crisis and the influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey created another change in Turkish national identity. Increasing religiosity in Turkey and the use of Islam by the Justice and Development Party created a flexible nation, where all Sunni Muslims can be considered members even though they are not ethnically Turkish. The author uses primary sources, such as President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s speeches since 2010, to show how his discourse became more embracing of non-Turkish Muslim groups and created a dynastic understanding of nationalism based on religion rather than the idea of an ethnically homogenous, secular Turkish nation.
The dead archive: governance and institutional memory in independent Mozambique
Authors: Machava Benedito , Gonçalves Euclides 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTranslated from the Portuguese expressionarquivo morto, the dead archive is a site where files that have lost their procedural validity are stored for a determined number of years before they are destroyed or are sent to permanent archives. In Mozambique, where awareness and institutional capacity for proper archival procedures are still being developed, a common feature of the dead archive is the way in which files are untidily piled up with old typewriters, furniture, spare parts and other material debris of bureaucratic work and administration. In these archives, more than forty years of institutional and public memory lie ignored in leaky, damp basements across the country and in serious danger of irreparable damage. Drawing from various stints of historical and anthropological field research conducted between 2009 and 2016 in Maputo, Niassa and Inhambane provinces, this article examines the dead archive in order to explore the relationship between institutional memory and governance during the long period of austerity in Mozambique. Based on our investigation of the multiple layers of the dead archive, we argue that the Mozambican post-socialist government has sought to control institutional memory as a way to keep the ruling party in power in the context of multiparty politics. While the public sector has experienced conditions of austerity since independence, we show how, during the socialist period (1975–90) of single-party rule, the state's relationship with institutional memory was more progressive, with transparent and communicative archival practices. In contrast, despite the combination of public sector reforms and progressive legislation regarding the right to information, the multiparty democratic period (1990 to the present) has seen an exacerbation of administrative secrecy leading to less transparent and communicative archival practices.
Hackers of the heart: digital sorcery and virtual intimacy in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Newell Sasha 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis is an ethnography of internet scams in Abidjan through which I attempt to develop a theory of digital sorcery. Thebrouteursof Côte d'Ivoire impersonate Europeans in social media profiles and seduce others into falling in love with them. After months of flirtatious messaging and photo exchanges, disaster strikes their avatar and they ask for an emergency wire transfer from their digital lover. While millions of euros of income are sent to Abidjan every year, thebrouteurssay they can no longer succeed without the use of occult forces, and they turn to marabouts for assistance. During my fieldwork in 2015, rumours circulated thatbrouteurwealth depended on the blood sacrifice of children for its success. As Ivoirians increasingly employ smartphones and social media in their daily life, the anxieties concerning the illusions and manipulations of the virtual world become enmeshed with those of the occult second world. I suggest that the overlap between hacker technology, con artistry and occult power outlined in Ivoirian urban rumour suggests a model for rethinking the space of virtuality in the global economy as a form of magical semiosis, one that can be every bit as vitality draining as witchcraft itself.
Risk and labour in the archives: archival futures from Uganda
Authors: Taylor Edgar C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe history of archival management in Uganda reveals the foundational relationship between austerity and colonial archival institutions. This article discusses how impoverishment and self-interested editing were central to the bureaucratization of colonial archives at their founding. Extreme austerity in the wake of structural adjustment in the 1980s accelerated archival decay while adding new uncertainties to archivists’ work. Postcolonial archivists’ strategies of risk management and repair work have helped to preserve archives from potentially nefarious editing by partisan officials and publics. However, neglect and decay have also constrained the circulation of archives in public life and have reinforced colonial institutional violence. These conditions of postcolonial institutions require continuous hazardous labour from individuals embedded in the margins of state bureaucracy. This article emphasizes the backstage of archival labour and the risks that archivists navigate in preserving – and managing the public life of – relics of contentious pasts.