bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Latex Agglutination Test for Detecting Pathogenic Burkholderia and its Approbation in the Endemic Regions of Vietnam
Authors: Frolov D. M. , Teteryatnikova N. N. , Bui T. L.A. , Zakharova I. B. , Khrapova N. P. 
Published: February 2021

The aim of the work was development of a monoclonal antibody-based latex agglutination test to identify the causative agent of melioidosis, and the approbation of a freeze-dried experimental preparation for screening of environmental bacterial isolates in Vietnam.Materials and methods. The carriers of specific antibodies were polyacrolein latex particles with active aldehyde groups on the surface. Typical strains of the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders with a full-fledged antigenic structure, as well as the strains Burkholderia thailandensis, Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Pseudomonas putida were used to control the test specificity. The latex agglutination reaction was carried out on plastic Petri dishes with daily bacterial cultures, from which suspensions were prepared at a concentration of 1–2·109 m.c./ml. The results of the reaction were registered visually for 5–8 min using a 4-cross system against a dark background under lighting. The reaction to 3–4 crosses was recorded as positive. Colonies suspected of belonging to pathogenic Burkholderia from primary inoculations were transferred to L-agar with polymyxin B and grown for 36 hours at (37±1) °C. The species of the selected suspicious colonies was determined by multiplex PCR.Results and discussion. With collection strains, latex test demonstrated high sensitivity agglutinating 97.7 % of B. pseudomallei and all B. mallei strains. At the same time, it was negative with B. thailandensis, B. cepacia, P. aeruginos and P. putida. In microbiological screening of bacterial cultures isolated from environmental objects, the latex test had a diagnostic sensitivity of 89.4 %. Using the latex test at the stage of primary screening, it is possible to significantly reduce the time when processing a lot of samples received for analysis, as well as to reduce the consumption of reagents used at the subsequent stages of identification.
Analysis of Cellular Component Indicators of Immune Status of Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Borisevich G. V. , Kirillova S. L. , Sidorova O. N. , Lebedev V. N. , Petrov A. A. , Ovchinnikov A. V. , Shatokhina I. V. , Sizikova T. E. , Sazonov V. E. , Mukhacheva E. S. , Borisevich S. V. 
Published: February 2021

Objective. Selection of indicators of lymphocyte populations in rhesus macaques determined by flow cytometry to evaluate variations of cellular constituent of their immune status.Materials and methods. Blood of 11 healthy rhesus macaque males, 2,0–2,5 years old, weighing 2,5–3,0 kg, was used. Monkeys were examined simultaneously in each of 7 months of observation (since May till November). Immunophenotyping was conducted by FC500 cytofluorimeter using Affymetrix eBioscience monoclonal antibodies. The following cellular constituent indicators of immune status were differentiated: total T lymphocytes (phenotype CD2+CD20-); total B lymphocytes (phenotype CD2-CD20+); natural killer cells (phenotype CD2+CD56+); T helper cells (phenotype CD2+CD4+); cytotoxic T lymphocytes (phenotype CD2+CD8+); double-positive T lymphocytes (phenotype CD4+CD8+) and T lymphocytes positive by antigens CD2 and CD20 (phenotype CD2+CD20+).Results and discussion. Statistical analysis of the obtained results revealed the absence of the effect of research time factor on the stated indicators. To assess changes in the cellular constituent of immune status of rhesus macaques, it is possible to use indicators that are less variable: total T and B lymphocytes, T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and T lymphocytes with phenotype (CD2+CD20+). The use of CD56 as a marker of natural killer cells of rhesus macaques is impractical due to its low expression and a small size of the population bearing this marker. The research results may form the basis of the normative indicators of the subpopulation cell composition of immune system in rhesus macaques, which will allow the study of infected animals when assessing the quality of medical products in relation to dangerous and particularly dangerous infections.
Effectiveness of the “Sterius 60” SHF Radiation Installation for Disinfection of Objects Contaminated with PBA of Groups I–IV, when Working with Infected Biomodels
Authors: Germanchuk V. G. , Semakova A. P. , Lobovikova O. A. , Gordeeva M. V. , Shavina N. Yu. , Morozov K. M. , Devdariani Z. L. , Mironova N. P. 
Published: February 2021

The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of using the “Sterius 60” microwave disinfection system (Russia) for decontamination of objects infected with PBA of groups I–IV emerging as a result of working with infected laboratory animals.Materials and methods. Effectiveness verification of disinfection of biological waste generated as a result of the life of laboratory animals by SHF radiation was carried out in the microwave system “Sterius 60”, recommended by the manufacturer for disinfection of epidemiologically hazardous and extremely dangerous medical waste, including biological ones (classes B and C), by volumetric SHF heating. Carcasses of uninfected laboratory animals (white mice, Guinea pigs, suckling rabbits), granulated feed and bedding material (wood shavings), which are objects directly in contact with biomodels, were used as vivarium waste to be decontaminated. The following microorganisms were utilized as model test ones: Bacillus subtilus VKM B-911, Bacillus stearothermophilus VKM B-718, Bacillus licheniformis G VKM B-1711-D, Alcaligenes faecalis 415, Yersinia pestis EV, Bacillus anthracis STI. Laboratory utensils (plastic Petri dishes, porcelain mortars and pestles) were used as a mock-up chamber filler for model test microorganisms.Results and discussion. As a result of the study, data were obtained indicating that the microwave system for disinfection of medical waste “Sterius 60” is ineffective for decontamination of biological waste in laboratories working with biomodels infected with PBA of groups I–II. The established standard mode of disinfection of this system was effective only for non-spore forms of microorganisms, pathogenicity groups III–IV. Therefore, in our opinion, it is advisable to use it for decontamination of laboratory utensils infected with PBA of groups III–IV, directly at sites of waste generation.
Comparative Genetic Analysis of Yersinia pestis Strains Isolated on the Ukok Plateau and other Territories of the Altai Mountains
Authors: Eroshenko G. A. , Balykova A. N. , Krasnov Ya. M. , Naryshkina E. A. , Rozhdestvensky E. N. , Bazarova G. Kh. , Denisov A. V. , Oglodin E. G. , Shavina N. Yu. , Martsokha K. S. , Kutyrev V. V. 
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was molecular-genetic identification and analysis of the phylogenetic relationship of Yersinia pestis strains isolated on the Ukok Plateau in 2020, in order to establish the current boundaries of the natural mega focus of plague in the Altai Mountains in Russia and Mongolia.Materials and methods. 37 strains of Y. pestis of the main subspecies isolated in the Tuva mountain and Gorno-Altai high-mountain plague foci and adjacent territories of Mongolia in 1971–2020 were studied. The whole genome sequencing of the strains was performed using the Ion S5 XL System (Thermo Fischer Scientific). Ion Torrent Suite software package 5.12 and Newbler gsAssembler 2.6 were used to process the data and assemble de novo the sequences of raw reads. The average size of the collected genome was 4.55 million base pairs. Core SNPs were detected by aligning the contigs of Y. pestis strains on the CO92 genome using the Snippy 4.6 program, then 28 SNP homoplasies were removed. The resulting set of SNPs contained only the core region of the genome (955 SNPs). The dendrogram was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood method applying the PhyML 3.1 program.Results and discussion. The current population structure of Y. pestis of the main subspecies, antique biovar, phylogenetic line 4.ANT, endemic to the foci of the Altai Mountains in Russia and Mongolia has been determined. The presence of 4.ANT-21 clone, which became widespread in the territory of these natural foci of plague at the begining of the XXI century, was revealed. It is shown that three strains isolated on the Ukok Plateau in 2020 belong to clone 4.ANT-21. According to phylogenetic analysis, evidence of 4.ANT circulation on the Ukok Plateau before 2018 was obtained. The lesson that has been learned is that it is necessary to study the territories of Mongolia, Kazakhstan and China bordering the Ukok Plateau in order to establish the current boundaries of the 4.ANT mega focus.
Implementation of Digital Project Management for Construction and Operation of Energy-Efficient Residential Buildings
Authors: Grakhov V. P. , Kuznecov A. L. , Kislyakova Yu. G. , Simakova U. F. , Knyazeva Y. O. 
Published: February 2021

The paper considers an issue of transition to digital management technologies in the field of construction and housing and communal services in Russia, as well as in other countries. An optimization methodology for the application of the digital economy has been developed using the example of the existing real estate management system in the Stolichny Microdistrict of Izhevsk city (Udmurt Republic, Russian Federation). The existing and developed new projects of digital technologies are described, the introduction of which will increase the efficiency of the construction and operation of residential buildings. A methodology has been formed for creating an optimization mathematical model for managing construction and operation projects of energy-efficient residential buildings. Prerequisites and a scheme for the joint implementation of this model and digital technologies are given to improve the quality of construction and operation of residential buildings. The paper proposes a phased methodology for the introduction of digital technologies in urban planning, as well as in the field of housing and communal services within the framework of the national program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”. The advantages of using block-chain technology in the management of projects for the construction and operation of energy-efficient residential buildings have been studied in the paper. The application of the developed methods that meet the needs of participants in construction activities, as well as the housing and utilities sector, will improve the efficiency of not only the management system for the construction and operation of energy-efficient residential buildings, but also the overall effectiveness of the introduction of digital management in real estate. The proposed ABRIS software can be used in housing and communal services to optimize and track the expenditure of resources vital for a comfortable living of the population.
The Effect of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Intervention On Neurobiological and Symptom Measures in Adolescents With Early Life Stress: A Randomized Feasibility Study
Authors: Cohen Zsofia , Cosgrove Kelly , Akeman Elisabeth , Coffey Sara , Teague Kent , Hays-Grudo Jennifer , Paulus Martin , Aupperle Robin , Kirlic Namik 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Early life stress (ELS) has been linked to poor mental and physical health outcomes in adolescence and adulthood. Mindfulness reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety and improves cognitive and social outcomes in both youth and adults. However, little is known whether mindfulness can mitigate against the adverse neurobiological and psychological effects of ELS. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of conducting a group mindfulness intervention in adolescents with ELS and provide preliminary indication of potential effects on stress-related biomarkers and mental health symptoms.Methods: Forty adolescents were randomized to receive either eight sessions of Mindfulness- Based Stress Reduction for Teens in group format (MBSR-T; n = 21) or Treatment as Usual Control group (CTRL; n = 17). Outcomes were assessed at baseline and follow-up and included measures associated with neurobiological functioning (immune and endocrine biomarkers) and self-reported mental health (depressive) symptoms. Linear mixed effects models were used to assess the effects of group and time on these outcome measures.Results: Sixteen of the 21 adolescents completed the intervention, attending an average of 6.5 sessions. The model examining cortisol responses to stress induction revealed medium effects trending toward significance (Cohen’s d = .56) for anticipatory cortisol levels in the MBSR-T relative to CTRL groups. No significant effects were found in models examining C-reactive protein or interleukin 6 inflammatory markers. The model examining depressive symptoms revealed a medium effect for symptom reduction (Cohen’s d = .69) in the MBSR-T relative to CTRL groups. Conclusions: This study demonstrated feasibility of conducting a group-based MBSR intervention for adolescents with ELS. There was some evidence for efficacy on a symptom level 73 with potential subtle changes on a biological level. Future larger studies are needed to determine 74 the efficacy of group-based mindfulness interventions in this population.Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier #NCT03633903, registered 16/08/2018.
Design of a 3D Printed Tagging System to Improve Accessibility in Medical Education
Authors: Carter Yasmin , Mangiameli Daniel J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Anatomy, one of the cornerstones of medical education is often subject to testing in a practical manner utilizing tagged specimen-based exams. The design and production of 3D printed tags described here offers a unique ability to design in factors that support students with visual and learning disabilities. The lack of commercially available tags that can withstand the rigors and chemical exposure within this specific environment make the creation of this novel intervention vital to a great number of facilities. This report outlines the iterative process in creating a successful tag and the specifications needed to repeat the project. The success of these tags will impact students for years to come.
Pregnancy Complicated With Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zheng Shuisen , Zhang Huale , Chen Rongxin , Yan Jianying , Han Qing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: We aimed to investigate whether maternal chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects preterm birth（PTB) in pregnant women. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed HBV-infected and non-infected pregnant women attending antenatal care at Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China between January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Participants were divided into HBV infection (n = 1302) and control (n = 12813) groups. We compared baseline data, pregnancy and perinatal complications, and preterm delivery outcomes between groups and performed subgroup comparisons and multiple logistics regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors. Results: The incidence of PTBs before 37 weeks was similar between the groups. PTBs before 34 weeks were significantly more among the HBV infection group than among the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8% ; P = 0.003) After adjusting for confounding factors through logistics regression, HBV infection was found to be an independent PTB risk factor before 34 weeks gestation (adjusted odds ratio 1.796; 95% confidence interval[1.071, 3.012]). According to the subgroup analysis based on whether hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) was positive and whether alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were normal during the second trimester, PTB was more frequent in HBeAg negative HBV infection before 34 weeks than among controls(1.8% VS. 0.8%). The PTB rate for pregnant women with normal ALT and HBV infection before 34 weeks was higher than that of the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8%) Conclusion HBV infection is an independent risk factor for PTB before 34 weeks. Comprehensive programs focusing on pregnant women with HBV infection would reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.
The Effect of Preemptive Local Anesthesia on Postoperative Pain Following Vaginal Hysterectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Feldstein Ohad , Barber Elad , Tamayev Liliya , Condrea Alexander , Grinstein Ehud , Sagiv Ron , Wolfson Inna , Bar Jacob , Ginath Shimon , Gluck Ohad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The effect of local anesthesia on postoperative pain, in operations performed vaginally has been scarcely studied. Although the results were encouraging, the studies populations were relatively small, and the indications for hysterectomy were not homogenous.We aimed to study the effect of preemptive local anesthetic on postoperative pain following vaginal hysterectomy.Methods: This was a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Women who undergone elective vaginal hysterectomy were included. Solutions of either Bupivacaine-Hydrochloride 0.5%, or Sodium-Chloride 0.9% as a placebo, were prepared prior to surgery, according to randomization. The chosen solution was injected before incision, in a circumferential manner, to the cervix. The amount of fluid administered was 10 ml. When colporrhaphy was also performed, an additional 5 ml of solution were injected in the midline of the vaginal wall prior to each incision line. We conformed to the CONSORT recommendations.By utilizing the 10 cm Visual-analogue-scale (VAS) we assessed post-operative pain at rest at 3, 8, and 24 hours, and during ambulation at 8 and 24 hours.Results: A total of 30 women were included in each group. The level of postoperative pain, as assessed by VAS, was not significantly different between the groups, in all points of time. In addition, there was no difference between the groups in opioid based analgesics during recovery, nor in postoperative analgesic use.Conclusion: Preemptive local anesthesia was not shown to be efficient in reducing postoperative pain after vaginal hysterectomy.
Descriptor-Free QSAR: Effectiveness and Screening for Putative Inhibitors of FGFR1
Authors: Sulaimon Lateef , Joel Ireoluwa , Adigun Temidayo , Adisa Rahmat , Samuel Titilola , Ademoye Taiwo , Ogunleye Moyosore 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The effectiveness of descriptors-utilizing quantitative structure-activity relationship models in drug design remains limited by the quality of descriptors used in training, this then raises the question: can QSAR models be directly trained on compound SMILES? Long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm has been employed to answer this question however, direct application remain scarce. The effectiveness of a descriptor-free QSAR (LSTM-SM) in modeling FGFR1 inhibitors dataset while comparing with two conventional QSAR using descriptors (126bits Morgan fingerprint and 2D descriptors respectively) was investigated in this study. The validated descriptor-free QSAR model was thereafter used to screen for active FGFR1 inhibitors in ChemDiv database and subjected to molecular docking, induced-fit docking, and QM-MM optimization to filter for compounds with high binding affinity and suggest putative mechanism of inhibition and specificity. The LSTM-SM model, when compared with the conventional QSAR models, performed better having accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of 0.92, model loss of 0.025 and AUC of 0.95.Fifteen thousand compounds were predicted as actives from the ChemDiv database and four compounds finally selected. Of the four, three showed putatively effective binding interactions with key active site residues and were also effective against acquired resistance due to gateway residue mutations. The advent of self-feature extracting machine learning algorithms, therefore, has provided the possibility of better predictive model quality that is not necessarily limited by compound descriptors thus we apply this approach in discovering putatively active FGFR1 inhibitors and elucidated putative mechanism of inhibition and specificity for the obtained compounds.
Relationship Between Unbound Bilirubin Levels and Acute Bilirubin Encephalopathy in Exchange Transfusion Neonates
Authors: Ding Yiyi , Wang Shuo , Guo Rui , Zhang Aizhen , Zhu Yufang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the relationship between unbound bilirubin levels and acute bilirubin encephalopathy was limited. Therefore, this study set out to investigate whether the unbound bilirubin level was independently related to acute bilirubin encephalopathy in children who underwent exchange transfusion after adjusting for other covariates. METHODS: A total of 46 neonates who underwent exchange transfusion were involved in The First People's Hospital Of Changde City in China from 2016-1-1 to 2018-12-31. The target independent variable and the dependent variable were unbound bilirubin levels measured at baseline and acute bilirubin encephalopathy respectively. Covariates involved in this study included sex, age, birth weight, blood glucose, red blood cell, hemolysis, receive phototherapy before exchange transfusion. RESULTS: The average gestational age of 46 selected participants was 38.6 ± 1.3 weeks old, the average age was 146.5 ± 86.9 hours old, 52.17% of them were male. Result of fully-adjusted binary logistic regression showed unbound bilirubin levels were positively associated with risk of acute bilirubin encephalopathy after adjusting confounders (Odds ratio = 1.41, 95% confidence intervals 1.05-1.91, P value <0.05). CONCLUSION: Unbound bilirubin levels are associated with neonatal acute bilirubin encephalopathy. The mechanism of unbound bilirubin levels leading to neonatal acute bilirubin encephalopathy needs to be further explored.
Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals a RhlA-Dependent Modulation of Flagellar Genes in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa PAO1
Authors: Castro Michele , Dias Graciela Maria , Salles Tiago , Cabral Núbia , Mariano Danielly , Oliveira Hadassa , Abdelhay Eliana , Gomes Renata , Neves Bianca 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and an important model organism for the study of bacterial group behaviors, including cell motility and biofilm formation. Rhamnolipids play a pivotal role on biofilm formation and motility phenotypes in P. aeruginosa, possibly acting as wetting agents and mediating chemotactic stimuli. However, no biochemical mechanism or gene regulatory network has been investigated in regard to rhamnolipids’ modulation of those group behaviors. Results: Using DNA microarrays, we investigated the transcriptomic profiles in the stationary phase of growth of wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 and a rhlA-mutant strain, unable to produce rhamnolipids. A total of 134 genes were differentially expressed, comprising different functional categories, indicating a significant physiological difference between the rhamnolipid-producing and non-producing strains. Interestingly, several flagellar genes are repressed in the mutant strain, which directly relates to the non-motile phenotype of the rhlA-minus strain. Swarming motility was restored with the addition of exogenous rhamnolipids obtained from the wild-type strain. Conclusions: Our results show significant evidence that rhamnolipids and/or their precursors, 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy) alkanoic acids, the major biosynthetic products of rhlABC pathway, seem to modulate gene expression in P. aeruginosa. Swarming motility assays support this hypothesis, since the non-motile rhlA-mutant strain had its swarming ability restored by the addition of exogenous rhamnolipids.