bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Аналіз та систематизація підходів до розуміння поняття “гібридної війни”
Authors: Loishyn Anatolii , Tkach Ivan , Tkach Mykola , Shevchuk Vitalii 
Published: March 2021

У статті узагальнено аргументи та контраргументи в межах наукової дискусії з питання феномену гібридної війни з урахуванням втягнення України Російською Федерацією у стан неоголошеної гібридної війни. Основними цілями дослідження є аналіз та систематизація підходів до розуміння природи гібридної війни вітчизняними та іноземними науковцями, узагальнення її ключових особливостей і формулювання синтезованого визначення з урахуванням триваючої агресії проти України.
На підставі систематизації широкого кола наукових праць та підходів до вирішення проблеми дослідження природи гібридної війни виявлено тенденцію до зростання уваги серед науковців до її дослідження.
Актуальність вирішення цієї наукової проблеми в українському вимірі полягає у безпосередньо втягненні України у площину неоголошеної війни.
Проблематику гібридної війни у статті досліджено в такій логічній послідовності: ретроспективно проаналізовано розвиток, формування та ідентифікацію змісту термінів “гібридна війна”, “гібридні засоби ведення війни”; встановлено взаємозв’язок між гібридною війною, широким колом її методів та інструментів; виокремлено ознаки гібридної війни у низці війн та конфліктів; проаналізовано тенденції до регламентації проблематики гібридної війни не лише у наукових джерелах, а й у нормативно-правових документах; проаналізовано підходи до визначення змісту і природи гібридної війни, що відображені у публікаціях вітчизняних науковців, відповідно до чого сформульовано універсальне тлумачення терміна, та підтверджено думку про його “парасолькове” значення. Методичним інструментарієм дослідження стали методи аналізу, синтезу та системного підходу, часовими межами частково охоплено історичні події з часів Пелопоннеської війни до сьогодення. Об’єктом дослідження обрано війну у всіх її проявах, оскільки саме гібридна війна є похідною від звичайної конвенційної війни.
У статті надано результати емпіричного аналізу підходів до розуміння природи гібридної війни, які показують, необхідність подальших досліджень у предметній сфері з урахуванням останніх подій в Україні. Результати дослідження можуть бути корисними для науковців та управлінців, які досліджують проблеми національної безпеки, розбудови сектору безпеки й оборони, оборонного планування.
CONDUCTIVITY OF SOLID SOLUTIONS Pb0,86 xSmxSn1,14F4+x
Authors: Pohorenko Yuliia , Omel’chuk Anatoliy , Nagornyi Anton 
Published: March 2021

In the PbF2 – SmF3 – SnF2 system, he­tero­valent substitution solid solutions Pb0.86-xSmxSn1,14F4+x (0 < x ≤ 0.15) with the structure β-PbSnF4 are formed. The unit cell parameters of solid solutions are satisfactorily described by Vegard’s rules. The electrical conductivity of the obtained samples decreases in the entire temperature range compared to Pb0.86Sn1.14F4 due to the introduction of SmF3 (at x≤0.08) in the initial structure. It brings them closer to the values of the electrical conductivity of β-PbSnF4. However, at temperatures above 520 K, the electrical conductivity of solid solutions is almost twice higher than that of the initial phase Pb0.86Sn1.14F4 (σ553 = 0.054 and 0.023 S/cm, respectively). The elect­rical conductivity of solid solutions increases with the Sm3+ content, reaching maximum values at x = 0.1. The Pb0.76Sm0.10Sn1.14F4.10 phases have the highest electrical conductivity and the lowest activation energy (σ373 = 1.08 • 10-2 S/cm). The substitution of Pb2+ ions by Sm3+ ions in the fluoride-conducting phase Pb0,86Sn1,14F4 helps to increase the electrical conductivity by almost an order of magnitude compared to the initial phase and by two orders of magnitude compared to β-PbSnF4. The ionic conductivity activation energy increases in the low-temperature region generally with increasing the SmF3 content and decreases proportionally at temperatures above 430 K. The nature of the dependence of the activation energy on the concentration of the heterovalent substituent and its value indicate that the conductivity of the obtained samples is provided by highly mobile interstitial fluoride ions in the structure of solid solutions. The Hebb-Wagner polarization saturation method was used to determine the electronic conductivity of the samples. It is 2 orders of magnitude lower than the ionic one. The fluorine ion transfer numbers are 0.99 and do not depend on the substituent content.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN TIPOGRAFI SPASIAL SANS SERIF DALAM RUANG PUBLIK TAMAN TEMATIK KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Arifrahara Gema 
Published: March 2021

AbstrakPenggunaan tipografi spasial tiga dimensi sebagai media informasi sudah lazim adanya, bahkan di kota Bandung pada setiap taman saat ini menggunakan pendekatan kreatif environmental tipografi. Ruang publik taman kota selain berperan sebagai paru-paru kota juga berperan sebagai ruang interaksi masyarakat, sangat baik untuk psikologis masyarakat dan memberikan sensasi modern. Taman kota yang ada di kota Bandung hampir sering dijumpai menggunakan pendekatan tipografi spasial Sans Serif seperti pada; Taman Tegal Lega, Taman Lansia, Taman Fotography, Taman Petpark, Taman Superhero, dan Taman lainnya. Objek tipografi sans serif tiga dimensi diamati secara deskriptif terhadap karakteristik huruf secara keterbacaan, legibility, keterlihatan dan kejelasannya dengan metode pencarian data melalui observasi objek tipografi pada display nama identitas taman. Permanfaatan tipografi sans serif pada ruang publik kota hanya bersifat fungsional sebagai penguat identitas semata tidak ditujukan sebagai penguat karakter kultural maupun simbolis. Kata kunci: ruang publik, sans serif, taman kota Bandung, tipografi spasial AbstractThe use of three-dimensional spatial typography as a medium of information was commonly used, even in the city of Bandung in every park using a creative approach to environmental typography. Apart from its role as city lungs, public space city parks also became a space for the community to interact, psychological healing in the city community, and providing a modern sensation. City parks in Bandung are often using the spatial typographic approach of Sans Serif as; Tegal Lega Park, Senior Park, Photography Park, Petpark Park, Superhero Park, and other Parks. Three-dimensional sans serif typographical objects are observed descriptively to the characteristics of letters in readability, legibilities, visibility, and clarity with data search methods through the observation of typography objects on the display of park identity names. The utilization of Sans Serif typographic in public spaces is only functional as an identity and it's not intended as a cultural or symbolic character booster. Keywords: Bandung city park, public space, sans serif, spatial typography
DESAIN SIGNAGE SYSTEM SEBAGAI MEDIA INFORMASI KAWASAN SIMPANG LIMA SEMARANG BERBASIS KOMPUTER GRAFIS
Authors: Akrom Ahmad , Haryadi Toto 
Published: March 2021

AbstrakKota Semarang merupakan ibu kota Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang berlokasi di Pantura (pesisir pantai utara Jawa. Simpang Lima menjadi kawasan strategis di Semarang dan layak dikunjungi karena menjadi pusat kegiatan ibadah, rekreasi, belanja, serta aktivitas positif lainnya. Namun, potensi yang dimiliki Simpang Lima belum bisa dieksplorasi secara maksimal karena kurang tersedianya media informasi untuk pengunjung, khususnya dalam bentuk signage system. Padahal, signage system memiliki fungsi penting dalam memberi informasi tentang nama dan lokasi suatu tempat. Hal tersebut mendorong penulis melakukan penelitian desain signage system dengan metode kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dan studi pustaka. Desain signage system dikembangkan menggunakan signage pyramid method yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan: information content system, graphic system, serta hardware system. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu desain signage system beberapa tempat penting di Simpang Lima beserta mockup pemasangan di lokasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bisa dikembangkan lebih lanjut dengan mengadaptasi teknologi augmented reality yang mampu menyajikan signage system secara virtual dan bisa diakses melalui perangkat smartphone. Kata Kunci: media informasi, simpang lima, signage system, placemaking AbstractSemarang is the capital city of Central Java located on Pantura (the northern coast of Jawa). Simpang Lima becomes a strategic area in Semarang well worth a visit by citizens and tourism for being the center of activities such as worship, recreation, shopping, and also other positive activities event. However, the potential of Simpang Lima cannot fully be explored due to a lack of information for visitors, especially in a signage system form. Nevertheless, a signage system's primary function was providing information about the name and location of places. This case has pushed the authors to research signage system design by using the qualitative method. Research data obtained by observation, interview, questionnaire, and literature study. Signage system design developed using the Signage Pyramid Method that consists of three steps: information content system, graphic system, and hardware system. The result of this research is the signage system design of some primary places in Simpang Lima and a mock-up of installation on that place. This research can be developed further by adapting augmented reality technology that can present the signage system virtually so it can be accessed by using a smartphone. Keywords: information media, simpang lima, signage system, placemaking
Examining Whether Onfield Motor Incoordination Is Associated With Worse Performance on the SCAT5 and Slower Clinical Recovery Following Concussion
Authors: Iverson Grant L. , Van Patten Ryan , Gardner Andrew J. 
Published: March 2021

Objective: To examine the relationship between video-identified onfield motor incoordination, the acute assessment of concussion, and recovery time during three seasons of National Rugby League (NRL) play.Methods: Blows to the head (“head impact events”) were recorded by sideline video operators and medical staff. Any player with a suspected concussion underwent a Head Injury Assessment in which he was taken off the field and medically evaluated, including the administration of the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool, 5th Edition (SCAT5). Video footage was later examined to determine the presence or absence of onfield motor incoordination following the head impact event.Results: Motor incoordination was identified in 100/1,706 head impact events (5.9%); 65 of the 100 instances of motor incoordination (65.0%) were ultimately medically diagnosed with a concussion. In 646 athletes for whom SCAT5 data were available, those with motor incoordination were more likely to report both dizziness and balance problems than those without motor incoordination, but there were no group differences on an objective balance test. Additionally, there was no relationship between presence/absence of motor incoordination and number of games missed or time to medical clearance for match play.Conclusion: In NRL players, motor incoordination is a readily observable onfield sign that is strongly associated with a medical diagnosis of concussion and with self-reported dizziness/balance problems. However, onfield motor incoordination is not associated with objective balance performance and it is not predictive of time to recover following concussion.
Efficacy of Essential Oils in Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Evidence
Authors: Scuteri Damiana , Hamamura Kengo , Sakurada Tsukasa , Watanabe Chizuko , Sakurada Shinobu , Morrone Luigi Antonio , Rombolà Laura , Tonin Paolo , Bagetta Giacinto , Corasaniti Maria Tiziana 
Published: March 2021

Background: The demand for essential oils (EOs) has been steadily growing over the years. This is mirrored by a substantial increase in research concerned with EOs also in the field of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. The purpose of this present systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the preclinical evidence in favor of the working hypothesis of the analgesic properties of EOs, elucidating whether there is a consistent rational basis for translation into clinical settings.Methods: A literature search has been conducted on databases relevant for medical scientific literature, i.e., PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception until November 2, 2020, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Results: The search was conducted in order to answer the following PICOS (participants/population, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design) question: are EOs efficacious in reducing acute nociceptive pain and/or neuropathic pain in mice experimental models? The search retrieved 2,491 records, leaving 954 studies to screen after the removal of duplicates. The title and abstract of all 954 studies were screened, which left 127 records to evaluate in full text. Of these, 30 articles were eligible for inclusion.Conclusion: Most studies (27) assessed the analgesic properties of EOs on acute nociceptive pain models, e.g. the acetic acid writhings test, the formalin test, and the hot plate test. Unfortunately, efficacy in neuropathic pain models, which are a more suitable model for human conditions of chronic pain, had fewer results (only three studies). Moreover, some methodologies raised concerns in terms of the risk of bias. Therefore, EOs with proven efficacy in both types of pain were corroborated by methodologically consistent studies, like the EO of bergamot, which should be studied in clinical trials to enhance the translational impact of preclinical modeling on clinical pain research.
Anxiety and Depression Among Health Sciences Students in Home Quarantine During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Selected Provinces of Nepal
Authors: Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Baral Sushila , Khatri Elina , Pandey Sony , Pandeya Pawan , Neupane Roshan , Yadav Dipendra Kumar , Marahatta Sujan Babu , Kaphle Hari Prasad , Poudyal Jiwan Kumar , Adhikari Chiranjivi 
Published: March 2021

Aim:This study aimed to assess anxiety and depression among health sciences students at home quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in selected provinces of Nepal.Methods:A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 409 health science students enrolled at graduate and post-graduate levels in selected universities and their affiliated colleges. Students from selected colleges were asked to fill out a survey, that was made available through email and social media outlets such as Facebook and Viber. The data were downloaded in Excel and imported to SPSS version 16 for analysis.Results :The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 15.7 and 10.7%, respectively. The study showed significant associations between (i) place of province and anxiety; (ii) sleep per day and depression; (iii) hours spent on the internet per day for education and depression; (iv) postponement of final exams and depression. There were no significant associations with the socio-demographic variables.Conclusion:Anxiety and depression in health science students showed correlation with the province, internet use for education, and postponement of exams. These correlations could be common among students in other fields as well. A large-scale study covering a wider geographical area and various fields of education is necessary to further evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on (health sciences) students. The integration of mental health programs both as an intervention and a curriculum level among students is critical to ensure the health of the students.
FAKTOR–FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI DI KPP WILAYAH JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: SUMARTA RIAN , MELIAWATI MELIAWATI 
Published: March 2021

The Objective of the research is to determine effect of taxpayer awareness, tax sanction, knowledge and understanding of taxation, tax socialization, service quality of tax authorities and implementation of e-filing system against individual taxpayer compliance in KPP North Jakarta area. Object used in this research isindividual taxpayer have Taxpayer Registration Number and registered in KPP North Jakarta area. The samples in this research consists 118 taxpayer respondents. The method of sample in this research used conveniencesampling method. The result showed that variable taxpayer awareness, knowledege, and understanding of taxation has influenced against individual taxpayer compliance. While other variables as tax sanction, service quality of tax authorities, implementation of e-filing system, tax socialization has not influenced against individual taxpayer compliance.
Madness Reconsidered in Susanna Kaysen’s Girl Interrupted
Authors: Vincent Maria 
Published: March 2021

This paper focuses upon the invisible disability of mind and how it is reflected in Susanna Kaysen’s Girl Interrupted. Normality and commonality are thus, challenged with the idea of uniqueness. The mental illness is brought forward to let society analyse and understand disability of mind. Mental illnesses are common, yet avoided due to the social prejudice and narrow perspectives. Thus, this paper serves as an awareness of inner struggle reflected in Girl Interrupted, claiming it to be a universal experience and to create a scale of normality.
Reflection of Women’s Inner Feelings in Sri Lankan Literature through the Poet “Kamala Wijeratne”
Authors: Zunoomy M S 
Published: March 2021

Kamala Wijeratne is a well-known educationist in the field of English, and she is a famous writer in literature. She won awards for her poetry. She is considered as a gift from her mother country Sri Lanka to the field of English Literature. She has contributed to the growth of English literature by writing hundreds of poems and poetic books. She writes on aspects of Sri Lankan culture; among her poems, some of them reflect women’s inner feelings in Sri Lankan Culture. Through that kind of them, she has expressed her feelings on women’s inner feelings by exampling women and their different situations in life. According to that, the purpose of this project is to analyze the poems of women’s inner feelings, which were written by the poet Kamala Wijeratne. She has written many poems. Here this project focuses only on them related to the women’s inner feelings. Three poems of Kamala Wijeratne are selected to analyze the women’s inner feelings. These are “Farewell,” “A mother laments,” “A soldier’s wife weeps.” This study focuses on descriptive methodology to analyze the reflection of Women’s inner feelings. According to the poems, they reflect women’s inner feelings through the lines of them.
Juan Carlos Puig y la escuela de Relaciones Internacionales de Rosario
Authors: Bulcourf Pablo Alberto , Cardozo Nelson Dionel 
Published: March 2021

Este artículo trata de indagar sobre la biografía intelectual de Juan Carlos Puig en su relación con la construcción del campo de las Relaciones Internacionales en la Argentina, y principalmente en la que podemos denominar la “Escuela de Rosario” de la cual ha sido su principal representante y referente. La labor de Puig no solo consistió en el estudio del ámbito internacional desde un punto académico, sino que tuvo su alcance también en la propia construcción de la política exterior argentina, ya que llegó a ser Canciller de su país. Su concepción sobre el sistema internacional y su concepto de “autonomía” es considerado uno de los aportes centrales, el cual marcó la agenda conceptual en el país y en parte de la región, expresándose en la discusión de teoría posteriores como el realismo periférico de Carlos Escudé. Las rupturas institucionales en la Argentina, y el posterior exilio de Juan Carlos Puig, ha sido uno de los aspectos que ha dificultado el estudio posterior de su legado. En este trabajo intentamos analizar algunos aspectos centrales basados en los principios del Manifiesto de Popayán y los estudios recientes sobre Historia y desarrollo de la Ciencia Política y las Relaciones Internacionales en América Latina.
INVENTARISASI MIKROFUNGI EPIFIT PADA DAUN LAMUN Enhalus acoroides DI PERAIRAN MALANG RAPAT, PULAU BINTAN
Authors: Silitonga Hetty Sari Marlina , Apriadi Tri - 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis mikrofungi epifit yang terdapat pada daun lamun Enhalus acoroides di Perairan Malang Rapat, Bintan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada tiga stasiun pengamatan yang memiliki perbedaan penggenangan lamun pada saat surut (tidak terendam, terendam sebagian, terendam seluruhnya). Kulturisasi dan isolasi mikrofungi epifit dilakukan pada media potato carrot agar (PCA) di laboratorium. Terdapat lima jenis mikrofungi epifit dari daun lamun E. acoroides yang berhasil diidentifikasi, Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp., dan Syncephalastrumsp. Daerah yang terendam seluruhnya pada saat surut dijumpai jenis mikrofungi epifit yang paling banyak. Aspergilus sp. adalah genus yang dijumpai pada semua stasiun, Mucor sp. hanya dijumpai pada area yang tidak terendam saat surut, sedangkan Syncephalastrum sp. hanya dijumpai pada daerah yang selalutersendam saat surut.
Darwin and Inequality
Authors: Bonatti Enrico 
Published: March 2021

Charles Darwin during his travels on the Beagle noted the wretched primitive state of natives from Tierra del Fuego. He attributed it to their being egalitarians and to the lack of a leader among them. The Gini Index of inequality suggests strong inequality today in the richest, more developed countries. The paper discusses whether equality and civilization are really incompatible.
Hubungan Antara Lingkungan Kerja dan Loyalitas Dengan Motivasi Kerja Karyawan PT. Berkah Pikiran Rakyat Tasikmalaya
Authors: Risana Dudu 
Published: March 2021

This writing is aimed at describing the relationship between work and loyalty environment with the motivation of employees ' work at PT. Blessing of the people of Tasikmalaya, either individually or together. Writing this poured from research method with the survey method. Where the research respondents are employees of PT. The people of mind Tasikmalaya as many as 30 employees, from 30 employees were elected based on the census technique. The instrument used is a poll. The results of this study found that: firstly, there is a positive relationship between the working environment with the motivation of employee work PT. Blessing of People's mind Tasikmalaya. That means the better the working environment where an employee works, the higher the motivation of the employee's work. Secondly, there is a positive relationship between loyalty with the motivation of employees work PT. Blessing minds of Tasikmalaya people.Keywords: Work environment, loyalty, work motivation
ANALISIS VOLUME PENJUALAN BERDASARKAN BAURAN PEMASARAN PADA HOME INDUSTRY KERAJINAN TAS MANDIRI OLSHOP RAJAPOLAH
Authors: Yusnita Rita Tri , Pebrianti Dina 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara simultan dan parsial bauran pemasaran terhadap volume penjualan pada home industry kerajinan tas Mandiri Olshop Rajapolah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kausalitas dengan pendekatan survei. Sampel yang diteliti sebanyak 100 orang konsumen kerajinan tas Mandiri Olshop Rajapolah. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Alat analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa produk, harga, saluran distribusi, dan promosi secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume penjualan pada Mandiri Olshop Rajapolah. Produk secara parsial memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap volume penjualan. Harga secara pasial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume penjualan. Saluran distribusi secara parsial memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap volume penjualan. Promosi secara parsial memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap volume penjualan. Kata Kunci: produk, harga, promosi, saluran distribusi dan volume penjualan