bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid detection of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae using high-resolution melting curve analysis
Authors: Zhang Jing-peng , Liu Zhi-cheng , Jiang Jin-xiu , Lin Yu-sheng , You Wei , Hu Qi-lin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMycoplasma capricolumsubsp.subsp. capripneumonia (Mccp) and Mycoplasma mycoidessubsp.sbusp. capri (Mmc) cause caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) and mycoplasmal pneumonia in goats and sheep (MPGS), respectively. These diseases cannot be identified on clinical symptoms alone and it is laborious to distinguish them using biochemical methods. It is therefore important to establish a simple, rapid identification method for Mccp and Mmc. Here, we report a high-resolution melting (HRM) curve analysis using specific primers based on the Mmc 95010 strain MLC_0560 and Mccp F38 strain MCCPF38_00984 gene sequences. The method was highly specific with intra- and inter-batch coefficients of variation < 1%. The lower limit of detection for Mccp and Mmc was 55 copies/μL and 58 copies/μL, respectively. HRM and fluorescence qPCR results were compared using 106 nasal swabs and 47 lung tissue samples from goats (HRM-qPCR coincidence rate 94.8%; 145/153). Mycoplasma isolation and identification was performed on 30 lung tissue samples and 16 nasal swabs (HRM-culturing coincidence rate 87.0%; 40/46). HRM analysis was more sensitive than fluorescence qPCR and Mycoplasma isolation, indicating the practicality of HRM for accurate and rapid identification of Mccp and Mmc, and diagnosis and epidemiology of CCPP and MPGS.
A new spectral invariant for quantum graphs
Authors: Ławniczak Michał , Kurasov Pavel , Bauch Szymon , Białous Małgorzata , Akhshani Afshin , Sirko Leszek 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Euler characteristic i.e., the difference between the number of vertices |V| and edges |E| is the most important topological characteristic of a graph. However, to describe spectral properties of differential equations with mixed Dirichlet and Neumann vertex conditions it is necessary to introduce a new spectral invariant, the generalized Euler characteristic $$\chi _G:= |V|-|V_D|-|E|$$

χ
G

:
=

|
V
|
-
|

V
D

|
-
|
E
|

, with $$|V_D|$$

|

V
D

|

denoting the number of Dirichlet vertices. We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that the generalized Euler characteristic $$\chi _G$$

χ
G

of quantum graphs and microwave networks can be determined from small sets of lowest eigenfrequencies. If the topology of the graph is known, the generalized Euler characteristic $$\chi _G$$

χ
G

can be used to determine the number of Dirichlet vertices. That makes the generalized Euler characteristic $$\chi _G$$

χ
G

a new powerful tool for studying of physical systems modeled by differential equations on metric graphs including isoscattering and neural networks where both Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions occur.
High density lipoproteins mediate in vivo protection against staphylococcal phenol-soluble modulins
Authors: Hommes Josefien W. , Kratofil Rachel M. , Wahlen Sigrid , de Haas Carla J. C. , Hildebrand Reeni B. , Hovingh G. Kees , Otto Micheal , van Eck Miranda , Hoekstra Menno , Korporaal Suzanne J. A. , Surewaard Bas G. J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus virulence has been associated with the production of phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs). These PSMs have distinct virulence functions and are known to activate, attract and lyse neutrophils. These PSM-associated biological functions are inhibited by lipoproteins in vitro. We set out to address whether lipoproteins neutralize staphylococcal PSM-associated virulence in experimental animal models. Serum from both LCAT an ABCA1 knockout mice strains which are characterised by near absence of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, was shown to fail to protect against PSM-induced neutrophil activation and lysis in vitro. Importantly, PSM-induced peritonitis in LCAT−/− mice resulted in increased lysis of resident peritoneal macrophages and enhanced neutrophil recruitment into the peritoneal cavity. Notably, LCAT−/− mice were more likely to succumb to staphylococcal bloodstream infections in a PSM-dependent manner. Plasma from homozygous carriers of ABCA1 variants characterized by very low HDL-cholesterol levels, was found to be less protective against PSM-mediated biological functions compared to healthy humans. Therefore, we conclude that lipoproteins present in blood can protect against staphylococcal PSMs, the key virulence factor of community-associated methicillin resistant S. aureus.
Blood glucose-related indicators are associated with in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Lu Yan , Zhang Qiaohong , Lou Jianjie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAcute pancreatitis (AP) results in potentially harmful blood glucose fluctuations, affecting patient prognosis. This study aimed to explore the relationship between blood glucose-related indicators and in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with AP. We extracted data on AP patients from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care III database. Initial glucose (Glucose_initial), maximum glucose (Glucose_max), minimum glucose (Glucose_min), mean glucose (Glucose_mean), and glucose variability (glucose standard deviation [Glucose_SD] and glucose coefficient of variation [Glucose_CV]) were selected as blood glucose-related indicators. Logistic regression models and the Lowess smoothing curves were used to display the association between significant blood glucose-related indicators and in-hospital mortality. Survivors and non-survivors showed significant differences in Glucose_max, Glucose_mean, Glucose_SD, and Glucose_CV (P < 0.05). Glucose_max, Glucose_mean, Glucose_SD, and Glucose_CV were risk factors for in-hospital mortality in AP patients (OR > 1; P < 0.05). According to the Lowess smoothing curve, the overall trends of blood glucose-related indicators showed a non-linear correlation with in-hospital mortality. Glucose_max, Glucose_mean, Glucose_SD, and Glucose_CV were associated with in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with AP.
A SNP assay for assessing diversity in immune genes in the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.)
Authors: Henriques Dora , Lopes Ana R. , Chejanovsky Nor , Dalmon Anne , Higes Mariano , Jabal-Uriel Clara , Le Conte Yves , Reyes-Carreño Maritza , Soroker Victoria , Martín-Hernández Raquel , Pinto M. Alice 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith a growing number of parasites and pathogens experiencing large-scale range expansions, monitoring diversity in immune genes of host populations has never been so important because it can inform on the adaptive potential to resist the invaders. Population surveys of immune genes are becoming common in many organisms, yet they are missing in the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.), a key managed pollinator species that has been severely affected by biological invasions. To fill the gap, here we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a wide range of honey bee immune genes and developed a medium-density assay targeting a subset of these genes. Using a discovery panel of 123 whole-genomes, representing seven A. mellifera subspecies and three evolutionary lineages, 180 immune genes were scanned for SNPs in exons, introns (< 4 bp from exons), 3’ and 5´UTR, and < 1 kb upstream of the transcription start site. After application of multiple filtering criteria and validation, the final medium-density assay combines 91 quality-proved functional SNPs marking 89 innate immune genes and these can be readily typed using the high-sample-throughput iPLEX MassARRAY system. This medium-density-SNP assay was applied to 156 samples from four countries and the admixture analysis clustered the samples according to their lineage and subspecies, suggesting that honey bee ancestry can be delineated from functional variation. In addition to allowing analysis of immunogenetic variation, this newly-developed SNP assay can be used for inferring genetic structure and admixture in the honey bee.
Textbook outcome and survival of robotic versus laparoscopic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a propensity score matched cohort study
Authors: Roh Chul Kyu , Lee Soomin , Son Sang-Yong , Hur Hoon , Han Sang-Uk 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTextbook outcome is a composite quality measurement of short-term outcomes for evaluating complex surgical procedures. We compared textbook outcome and survival of robotic total gastrectomy (RTG) with those of laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG). We retrospectively reviewed 395 patients (RTG, n = 74; LTG, n = 321) who underwent curative total gastrectomy for gastric cancer via minimally invasive approaches from 2009 to 2018. We performed propensity score matched analysis to adjust for potential selection bias. Textbook outcome included a negative resection margin, no intraoperative complication, retrieved lymph nodes > 15, no severe complication, no reintervention, no unplanned intensive care unit admission, hospitalization ≤ 21 days, no readmission after discharge, and no postoperative mortality. Survival outcomes included 3-year overall and relapse-free survival rates. After matching, 74 patients in each group were selected. Textbook outcome was similar in the RTG and LTG groups (70.3% and 75.7%, respectively), although RTG required a longer operative time. The quality metric least often achieved was the presence of severe complications in both groups (77.0% in both groups). There were no differences in the 3-year overall survival rate (98.6% and 89.7%, respectively; log-rank P = 0.144) and relapse-free survival rate between the RTG and LTG groups (97.3% and 87.0%, respectively; log-rank P = 0.167). Textbook outcome and survival outcome of RTG were similar to those of LTG for gastric cancer.
Drug transport kinetics of intravascular triggered drug delivery systems
Authors: ten Hagen Timo L. M. , Dreher Matthew R. , Zalba Sara , Seynhaeve Ann L. B. , Amin Mohamadreza , Li Li , Haemmerich Dieter 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntravascular triggered drug delivery systems (IV-DDS) for local drug delivery include various stimuli-responsive nanoparticles that release the associated agent in response to internal (e.g., pH, enzymes) or external stimuli (e.g., temperature, light, ultrasound, electromagnetic fields, X-rays). We developed a computational model to simulate IV-DDS drug delivery, for which we quantified all model parameters in vivo in rodent tumors. The model was validated via quantitative intravital microscopy studies with unencapsulated fluorescent dye, and with two formulations of temperature-sensitive liposomes (slow, and fast release) encapsulating a fluorescent dye as example IV-DDS. Tumor intra- and extravascular dye concentration dynamics were extracted from the intravital microscopy data by quantitative image processing, and were compared to computer model results. Via this computer model we explain IV-DDS delivery kinetics and identify parameters of IV-DDS, of drug, and of target tissue for optimal delivery. Two parameter ratios were identified that exclusively dictate how much drug can be delivered with IV-DDS, indicating the importance of IV-DDS with fast drug release (~sec) and choice of a drug with rapid tissue uptake (i.e., high first-pass extraction fraction). The computational model thus enables engineering of improved future IV-DDS based on tissue parameters that can be quantified by imaging.
Stress and Perfectionism in Communication Sciences and Disorders and Social Work Students
Authors: Beck Ann R. , Zosky Diane L. , Verticchio Heidi 
Published: July 2021

PurposeTo further inform faculty and clinical educators interested in facilitating the overall well-being of their students, areas causing stress for undergraduate (UGs) and graduate (Gs) students in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) and in social work (SWK) were explored. The perceived stress levels as well as levels and types of perfectionism demonstrated by students, as well as the methods used to manage stress, were also explored.MethodA survey of 193 CSD students (105 UGs and 88 Gs) and 137 SWK students (104 UGs and 33 Gs) from the same institution was conducted. The survey asked respondents to list their top 3 stressors, as well as the stress management practices in which they engaged, and to complete the Perceived Stress Scale and the Almost Perfect Scale–Revised.ResultsCSD UGs were the only group who indicated that the graduate school admission process was a major stressor; other stressors listed by UGs in CSD and SWK were similar. CSD Gs were the only group who listed clinic as stressful, and SWK Gs listed finances as a more prominent stressor than did CSD Gs. Stress management practices were primarily similar. No differences existed between UGs and Gs on measures of perceived stress and perfectionism. More CSD respondents demonstrated healthy aspects of perfectionism than did SWK respondents. CSD respondents' stress levels were lower overall than those of SWK respondents.ConclusionsSimilarities and differences existed between CSD and SWK respondents regarding stressors, stress management practices, perceived stress levels, and perfectionism. This information can provide faculty and clinical educator with insight regarding our students' overall well-being.
Stringent upper limit on Be star fractions produced by binary interaction
Authors: Hastings B. , Langer N. , Wang C. , Schootemeijer A. , Milone A. P. 
Published: July 2021

Context. Binary evolution can result in fast-rotating stars through accretion of angular momentum during mass-transfer phases. These fast-rotating stars are predicted to be observable as Be stars. Current models struggle to produce a satisfactory description of Be star populations, even though numerous pieces of observational evidence indicate that the accretion process might be the dominant Be formation channel.
Aims. Given the distinct uncertainties in detailed binary evolution calculations, we investigate a rigorous and model-independent upper limit for the production of Be stars through binary interaction and aim to confront this limit with observations of Be stars in young star clusters.
Methods. Using extreme assumptions, we calculate the number ratio of post-interaction to pre-interaction binary systems in a coeval population. This ratio describes an upper limit to Be star formation through mass transfer. A detailed comparison is made between our derived upper limit and relevant observations of Be stars, which allows us to probe several aspects of binary star physics.
Results. We find that in coeval populations, binary interaction can at most account for one-third of all main-sequence stars being Be stars. Near the cluster turn-off region, this limit appears to be realised in the clusters studied. Away from the turn-off, a good fit to the observed Be fraction as a function of mass is obtained by applying simple assumptions about which systems undergo unstable mass-transfer produces.
Conclusions. We find that assuming distinct physics, binary evolution alone can in principle match the high numbers of Be stars that are observed in open clusters. Whether the required binary physics is realised in nature remains to be investigated.
Confirmation of two new Galactic bulge globular clusters: FSR 19 and FSR 25
Authors: Obasi C. , Gómez M. , Minniti D. , Alonso-García J. 
Published: July 2021

Context. Globular clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way (MW) bulge are very difficult to study for the following reasons: (i) they suffer from the severe crowding and Galactic extinction, which are characteristic of these inner Galactic regions; (ii) they are more prone to the effects of dynamical processes. Therefore, they are relatively faint and difficult to map. However, deep, near-infrared photometry like that provided by the VISTA variables in the Via Láctea Extended Survey (VVVX) allows us to map GCs in this crucial yet relatively uncharted region.
Aims. Our main goals are to study the true nature of the GC candidates FSR 19 and FSR 25 and measure their physical parameters.
Methods. We used the near-infrared VVVX database, in combination with the Two Micron All Sky Survey and Gaia EDR3 proper motions (PMs) and photometry to study ages, metallicities, distances, reddening, mean PMs, sizes, and integrated luminosities for FSR 19 and FSR 25. A robust combination of selection criteria allowed us to effectively clean interlopers among our samples.
Results. Our results confirm with a high level of confidence that both FSR 19 and FSR 25 are genuine MW bulge GCs. Each of the performed tests and resulting parameters provide clear evidence of the GC nature of these targets. We derive distances of 7.2 ± 0.7 kpc and D = 7.0 ± 0.6 (corresponding to distance moduli of 14.29 ± 0.08 and 14.23 ± 0.07) for FSR 19 and FSR 25, respectively. Their ages and metallicities are 11 Gyr and [Fe/H] = −0.5 dex for both clusters, which were determined from Dartmouth and PARSEC isochrone fitting. The integrated luminosities are MKs(FSR 19) = −7.72 mag and MKs(FSR 25) = −7.31 mag, which places them in the faint tail of the GC luminosity function. By adopting a King profile for their number distribution, we determine their core and tidal radii (rc, rt). For FSR 19, rc = 2.76 ± 0.36 pc and rt = 5.31 ± 0.49 pc, while FSR 25 appears more extended with rc = 1.92 ± 0.59 pc and rt = 6.85 ± 1.78 pc. Finally, their mean GC PMs (from Gaia EDR3) are μα* = −2.50 ± 0.76 mas yr−1, μδ = −5.02 ± 0.47 mas yr−1 for FSR 19 and μα* = −2.61 ± 1.27 mas yr−1, μδ = −5.23 ± 0.74 mas yr−1 for FSR 25.
Conclusion. We demonstrate and confirm, based on the measured astrophysical parameters, that the two target clusters are indeed genuine and of low luminosity relatively metal-rich old GCs in the bulge of the MW.
Endothermal Heat Induced Thrombosis
Authors: Sadek Mikel , Kabnick Lowell S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEndothermal heat induced thrombosis (EHIT) is a post-procedural entity following endothermal superficial venous ablation that refers to the propagation of thrombus into the adjacent deep vein lumen. It is identified most commonly during the post-procedural surveillance venous duplex ultrasound. EHIT is recognized as a unique post-procedural entity, distinct in clinical behavior from a deep vein thrombosis. The definition, classification systems, pathophysiology, risk factors, treatment, and prevention are all discussed. The understanding of EHIT has advanced considerably, but additional data are required to understand its impact on quality of life and the cost-effectiveness of surveillance.
Implementation of European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) recommendations for small-bowel capsule endoscopy into clinical practice: Results of an official ESGE survey
Authors: Lazaridis Lazaros-Dimitrios , Tziatzios Georgios , Toth Ervin , Beaumont Hanneke , Dray Xavier , Eliakim Rami , Ellul Pierre , Fernandez-Urien Ignacio , Keuchel Martin , Panter Simon , Rondonotti Emanuele , Rosa Bruno , Spada Cristiano , Jover Rodrigo , Bhandari Pradeep , Triantafyllou Konstantinos , Koulaouzidis Anastasios ,   on behalf of the ESGE Research Committee Small-Bowel Working Group
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background We aimed to document international practices in small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE), measuring adherence to European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) technical and clinical recommendations.
Methods Participants reached through the ESGE contact list completed a 52-item web-based survey.
Results 217 responded from 47 countries (176 and 41, respectively, from countries with or without a national society affiliated to ESGE). Of respondents, 45 % had undergone formal SBCE training. Among SBCE procedures, 91 % were performed with an ESGE recommended indication, obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB), iron-deficiency anemia (IDA), and suspected/established Crohn’s disease being the commonest and with higher rates of positive findings (49.4 %, 38.2 % and 53.5 %, respectively). A watchful waiting strategy after a negative SBCE for OGIB or IDA was preferred by 46.7 % and 70.3 %, respectively. SBCE was a second-line exam for evaluation of extent of new Crohn’s disease for 62.2 % of respondents. Endoscopists adhered to varying extents to ESGE technical recommendations regarding bowel preparation ( > 60 %), use in those with pacemaker holders (62.5 %), patency capsule use (51.2 %), and use of a validated scale for bowel preparation assessment (13.3 %). Of the respondents, 67 % read and interpreted the exams themselves and 84 % classified exams findings as relevant or irrelevant. Two thirds anticipated future increase in SBCE demand. Inability to obtain tissue (78.3 %) and high cost (68.1 %) were regarded as the main limitations, and implementation of artificial intelligence as the top development priority (56.2 %).
Conclusions To some extent, endoscopists follow ESGE guidelines on using SBCE in clinical practice. However, variations in practice have been identified, whose implications require further evaluation.
1,5-Hydride-Shift-Triggered Cyclization for the Synthesis of Unsymmetric Julolidines
Authors: Mikhaylov Andrey A. , Shirokova Vasilissa V. , Ikonnikova Viktoria A. , Solyev Pavel N. , Lushpa Vladislav A. , Korlyukov Alexander A. , Volodin Alexander D. , Baleeva Nadezhda S. , Baranov Mikhail S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDirectly accessible 8-substituted tetrahydroquinolines undergo 1,5-hydride-shift-triggered cyclization to provide difficult to access julolidine derivatives in yields of 21–98% under scandium(III) triflate catalysis. Additionally, the scope of the reaction, several follow-up transformations and a remarkable side process discovered during optimization of the conditions are highlighted.
Synthesis of γ,δ-Unsaturated Esters and Amides via Au(I)-Catalyzed Reactions of Aryl Ynol Ethers or Ynamides with Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Misawa Souta , Miyairi Asaki , Oonishi Yoshihiro , Sato Yoshihiro , Nolan Steven P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPolarized alkynes such as ynol ethers and ynamides have attracted much attention due to their inherent unique reactivity. Herein, we report Au(I)-catalyzed hydroalkoxylation/Claisen rearrangement cascade reactions of aryl ynol ethers and ynamides with allylic alcohols. At the first stage (hydroalkoxylation) of this cascade reaction, attack of allylic alcohols to aryl ynol ethers or ynamides occurs at the α-position of the polarized alkynes in a completely regioselective manner. Claisen rearrangement of the resulting adducts subsequently takes place to give γ,δ-unsaturated esters or amides, respectively. The [Au(IPr)NTf2] catalyst is most effective for this reaction, and the reaction proceeds under mild conditions (in the case of aryl ynol ether: in THF, 60 °C; in the case of ynamides: in toluene, 80 °C) in an atom-economical way.
Iodosulfonylation of Alkynes under Ultrasound Irradiation
Authors: Zeng Xianghua , Zhou Chuanjiang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract(E)-β-Iodo vinylsulfones are synthesized under ultrasound irradiation using alkynes, sulfonyl hydrazides, potassium iodide and hydrogen peroxide. The key features of this protocol are the speed and efficiency of the reactions, which afford good to excellent yields of the desired products by employing ultrasound as the driving force. Mechanistic studies reveal that a sulfonyl radical intermediate is generated via sulfonyl iodide homolysis.