bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
13Book Theory
Authors: Wilson Georgina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article reviews five monographs, two edited volumes, two articles and one journal published in 2020 in the emergent field of Book Theory. This review takes Book Theory to mean theoretically-alert work at the intersection of the literary and material, and reflects on what that combination of material and theoretical approaches brings to scholarship through the work under discussion. The review is divided into four sections: ‘On the Book’, ‘On Reading’, ‘On Paper’, and ‘The Structures of Book Theory’.
Experiences of Malawian Mothers During Their Infants' Hospitalization
Authors: Gondwe Kaboni Whitney , Brandon Debra , Small Maria J. , Malcolm William F. , Chimala Eveles , Beyamu Joyce , Chirwa Ellen , Kamanga Martha , Holditch-Davis Diane 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Hospitalization of a newborn infant is stressful for all mothers. Hospitals in Malawi have limited nursing staff and support, so mothers are the primary care providers for their hospitalized infants. Few studies have explored the experience of these mothers as both care providers and mothers.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of mothers during the hospitalization of the infant. The goal was to increase knowledge of their primary concerns about the hospital stay.

Methods:
This was a descriptive qualitative study conducted at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Malawi. Mothers were interviewed prior to their infant's discharge. We used the directed content analysis approach to analyze our data.

Results:
Twenty mothers of preterm or full-term infants were interviewed. The primary concerns were perinatal experiences, the infant's condition and care including breastfeeding, support from family members, and support and care from healthcare providers. Additionally, mothers of preterm infants were concerned about the burdens of kangaroo mother care.

Implication for Practice:
In hospitals that provide limited nursing support to mothers and their infants, it is important to identify a support system for the mother and provide mothers with information on infant care.

Implications for Research:
Future research should identify specific supports and resources in the community and hospital settings that are associated with positive hospital experiences.
Chinese registry of rheumatoid arthritis: IV. Correlation and consistency of rheumatoid arthritis disease activity indices in China
Authors: Song Xing , Wang Yan-Hong , Li Meng-Tao , Duan Xin-Wang , Li Hong-Bin , Zeng Xiao-Feng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Disease activity indices (DAIs) including disease activity score 28 (DAS28), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) have been widely used in clinical practice and research studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of our study was to evaluate the correlation and concordance among different DAIs in Chinese patients with RA.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study, including patients enrolled in the Chinese registry of rheumatoid arthritis from November 2016 to August 2018, was conducted. The correlations were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficient and concordance with Bland-Altman plots, quadratic weighted kappa, and discordance rates in the crosstab. For other indices, the optimal cutoff points corresponding to SDAI remission were explored through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results:
A total of 30,501 patients were included, of whom 80.46% were women. Most individuals were with moderate disease activity or high disease activity. High correlations among DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and DAS28-C-reactive protein (CRP), SDAI and CDAI were observed. Similarly, the weighted kappa value among the indices was high. In Bland-Altman plots, a positive difference between DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP was observed, with an absolute difference of >1.2 in 3079 (10.09%) patients. In crosstab, approximately 30% of the patients were classified into different groups. Concordance values between SDAI remission and the optimal cutoff points of DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, and CDAI were 3.06, 2.37, and 3.20, respectively.

Conclusions:
Although DAIs had high correlations and weighted kappa values, the discordance between DAIs was significant in Chinese patients with RA. The four DAIs are not interchangeable.
Neurodevelopmental Effects of Cannabis Use in Adolescents and Emerging Adults with ADHD: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cawkwell Philip B. , Hong David S. , Leikauf John E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objective
Systematically review the scientific literature to characterize the effects of cannabis use on brain structure, function, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in adolescents and young adults with ADHD.

Method
Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines utilizing PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane CENTRAL trials register from inception until 1 January 2020. Articles that examined the impact of cannabis use on youth with ADHD were included.

Results
Eleven studies were identified that compared outcomes for individuals with ADHD who used cannabis or synthetic cannabinoids against those with ADHD who did not. Seven of these studies used neuroimaging techniques, including fMRI, structural MRI, and SPECT. Differential regions of activation were identified, including the right hippocampus and cerebellar vermis, and bilateral temporal lobes. Morphological differences were identified in the right precentral and postcentral gyri, left nucleus accumbens, right superior frontal and postcentral gyri. No study identified any additive or ADHD × cannabis use interaction on neuropsychological tasks of executive function. Two studies found adverse differential impacts of early-onset cannabis use in this population.

Conclusion
A dearth of evidence is available on the impact of cannabis use on the developing brain and functioning for individuals with ADHD, despite the elevated risk for substance use in this population. The limited, potentially underpowered evidence does not support the hypothesis that cannabis use has a deleterious impact on neuropsychological tasks in transitional age youth with ADHD. Larger and longer-term studies are needed, however, to better inform clinicians and patients as to the impacts of cannabis use in youth with ADHD.
The ASCCP Cervical Cancer Screening Task Force Endorsement and Opinion on the American Cancer Society Updated Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines
Authors: Marcus Jenna Z. , Cason Patty , Downs Levi S. , Einstein Mark H. , Flowers Lisa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The American Cancer Society (ACS) released updated cervical cancer screening guidelines in 2020 that endorse a shift in practice to primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening in people with a cervix, beginning at ages of 25–65 years. When access to US Food and Drug Administration–approved primary HPV testing is not available, the ACS offers cotesting or cytology as acceptable alternative strategies but suggests that these testing modalities may be excluded from future iterations of the guidelines. The ASCCP recognizes the benefits and risks of primary HPV cervical cancer screening while acknowledging the barriers to widespread adoption, including implementation issues, the impact of limited HPV vaccination in the United States, and inclusion of populations who may not be well represented on primary HPV screening trials, such as underrepresented minorities. The ASCCP endorses the 2018 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement and supports the ACS cervical cancer screening guidelines. Most importantly, the ASCCP endorses any cervical cancer screening for secondary prevention of cervical cancer and recommends interventions that improve screening for those who are underscreened or unscreened.
Novel biomarker panel measuring endothelial injury identifies patients at risk of coronary artery syndrome and discordance with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Authors: Premyodhin Ned , Fan Wenjun , Younus Masood , Harrington Douglas S. , Wong Nathan D. 
Published: June 2021

Background
Individuals with no history of coronary artery disease can develop acute coronary syndrome (ACS), often in the absence of major risk factors including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). We identified risk factors and biomarkers that can help identify those at discordantly high risk of ACS with normal LDL-C using a novel validated coronary artery disease predictive algorithm (CADPA) incorporating biomarkers of endothelial injury.

Methods
Five-year predicted ACS risk was calculated for 6392 persons using CADPA. Persons were classified as low (<3.5%), intermediate (3.5–<7.5%) or high (≥7.5%) CADPA risk and by LDL-C levels <130 mg/dL (low) and ≥130 mg/dL (high) and whether in the discordantly low LDL-C (but high CADPA risk) or high LDL-C (but low/intermediate CADPA risk) group. Multiple logistic regression identified risk factors and biomarkers that predicted discordance.

Results
31% were classified as low (<3.5%), 27% at intermediate (3.5–<7.5%) and 42% were at high risk (≥7.5%). 28% of subjects were identified in the low LDL discordant risk group (LDL-C< 130 mg/dL but 5-year CADPA predicted risk ≥7.5%) and 19% in the high LDL discordant risk group (LDL-C ≥ 130 mg/dL but 5-year CADPA risk of <7.5%). Diabetes (odds ratio [OR], 2.84 [2.21–3.66]), male sex (OR, 2.83 [2.40–3.35]), family history (OR, 2.23 [1.88–2.64]) and active smoking (OR, 1.99 [1.50–2.62]) predicted low LDL risk discordance more than other risk factors (all P < 0.01). Increased serum soluble FAS, hemoglobin A1c and interleukin-16 were the biomarkers most independently associated with increased risk.

Conclusions
Discordance between LDL-C levels and ACS risk is common. Males with diabetes and a family history of myocardial infarction who are actively smoking may be at highest risk of developing ACS despite controlled LDL-C. Future studies should examine whether using the CADPA can help identify individuals that could benefit from earlier targeting of risk factor modification for the prevention of ACS.
Fusion proteins of biologic agents in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Authors: Wu Mingcai , Tao Mengjun , Wang Quanhai , Lu Xiaohua , Yuan Hui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
To evaluate the efficacy of fusion proteins biologics (Etanercept (ETN), Anakinra (ANA), and Abatacept) combinations in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using network meta-analysis to rank those according to their performance medicines. The performance of these processes is ranked according to the results of the analysis and an explanatory study of the possible results is carried out.

Methods:
Multiple databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were used to identify applicable articles and collect relevant data to analyze using STATA (14.0) software. The literature included in this study was divided into a combination of a placebo, methotrexate (MTX), and an observation group (1 of the 3 drugs). The last search date was December 12, 2019.

Results:
A total of 19 eligible randomized controlled trials of fusion proteins biologics were identified, a total of 1109 papers were included, and the results showed that the ETN + MTX had the highest probability of being the most clinically efficacious intervention, with a surface under the cumulative ranking curve of 91.6, was significantly superior (P < .05). Patients who had received ETN or ETN + MTX or ANA had effective compared with patients who had received placebo (95% CI 1.28%–8.47%; 1.92%–19.18%; 1.06%–10.45%).

Conclusions:
1. The combination of ETN and MTX had the highest probability of optimal treatment compared to other drugs and 2. ENT, ENT + MTX, and ANA were effective in the treatment of RA compared to placebo.
Herbal medicine for irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Jun Hyejin , Ko Seok-Jae , Kim Keumji , Kim Jinsung , Jung Hwan-Su , Park Jae-Woo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder characterized by the recurrence of abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits. Owing to the limitations of conventional treatments, patients with IBS are often dissatisfied with the effect of treatment and have a poor quality of life. Herbal medicines (HMs) are frequently used for the treatment of IBS. This protocol was designed through an overview of systematic reviews (SRs), to investigate the safety and efficacy of HMs for treating IBS.

Methods:
SRs published up to May 2021 will be searched from the following 6 electronic databases: Medline (via PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database. SRs and/or meta-analyses on the use of HMs for IBS will be included in this overview. The effects of a placebo, no treatment, usual care, or conventional treatment will be compared with those of HMs. Two investigators will independently extract the data and assess the methodological and evidence quality for each main finding. The total clinical effectiveness rate will be measured as the primary outcome.

Results:
This overview is expected to provide data on the use of HMs for the treatment of IBS based on qualitative and quantitative syntheses of the included SR data.

Conclusion:
This overview will evaluate and propose the efficacy and safety of HMs for the treatment of IBS.

Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/NT6WZ (https://osf.io/nt6wz).
Efficacy of Baduanjin exercise for rehabilitation after COVID-19
Authors: Rong Jiao , Li Jing , Jing Fushi , Ren Yonghui , Xiao Yunpeng , Pan Qi , Li Mengtian , Lv Yueming , Zhang Jing , Jing Fujie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Baduanjin exercise for rehabilitation after COVID-19.

Methods:
The following electronic databases will be searched from establishment to Jan 2021: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Springer, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan-fang database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases, and other databases, All published randomized controlled trials about this topic will be included. Two independent researchers will operate article retrieval, duplication removing, screening, quality evaluation, and data analyses by Review Manager (V.5.3.5). Meta-analyses, subgroup analysis, and/or descriptive analysis will be performed based on the included data conditions.

Results:
The results of this study will provide a combination of high-quality evidence for researchers in the current field of COVID-19 treatment and rehabilitation.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of this study will provide the evidence of whether Baduanjin is an effective and safe intervention for rehabilitation after COVID-19.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42020181078.
Management of upper urinary tract problems after radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma: tips and tricks
Authors: van ’t Hof Maartje E.M. , Bruins Harman Max , van Roermund Joep G.H. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose of review
After radical cystectomy (RC) patients are at risk for both benign and malignant problems regarding the upper urinary tract (UUT). This review summarizes the recent literature and provides tips on how to manage problems of the UUT after RC.

Recent findings
Disease recurrence, kidney stones and ureteroenteric strictures (UES) are common after RC. Endourological techniques can be used to treat low-grade disease recurrence, either with a retrograde or antegrade approach. Treatment success depends on getting access to the UUT and on tumor characteristics; selecting the right approach is key. Kidney stones can be treated endourologically with good results. With use of minimal invasive techniques such as robot cystectomy, a higher incidence of UES is observed. The use of indocyanine green could help to prevent this complication. In case of a stricture, primary reconstruction should be the treatment strategy of choice.

Summary
After RC, recurrence of the UUT remains a complicated problem. Choice of treatment method should be tailored to the patient and tumor characteristics. Kidney stones after cystectomy can be successfully managed endourological. Robot assisted RC introduced a higher rate of UES, which should be managed by primary revision.
Disparity in Opportunities
Authors: Baghchechi Mohsen , Oviedo Parisa , McLean Paige , Dean Riley , Dobke Marek 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Medical students pursuing plastic surgery training must overcome multiple challenges to successfully match in such a highly coveted subspecialty. This adversity is amplified in applicants from medical schools without a home plastic surgery residency program and academic division. There is a paucity of data on the advantage of medical students applying from an institution with a home residency program. Applicant data from the past 5 years were accessed from the Association of American Medical Colleges Electronic Residency Application Services statistics form. Individual home programs of successfully matched applicants were collected from plastic surgery residency websites. A survey was distributed to 32 students pursuing specialty residencies from home medical schools without a plastic surgery residency. Evaluation of a subset of incoming plastic surgery interns revealed that 72% of matched applicants attended home medical institutions with plastic surgery residency programs. Seventy-seven percent of survey respondents felt strongly that students at institutions with home residency programs had a significant advantage. The current COVID pandemic is changing the landscape of subinternships and bringing to light the disadvantage students face without home residency programs. The development of virtual subinternships, online mentorship, and selection of students for subinternships from geographic areas without home programs may help address some disparities in educational opportunities. Continuing these virtual programs and offering preferential help to disadvantaged medical students permanently is an avenue for the field of plastic surgery to be a leader in diversity and inclusion.
A new quantitative assessment method for predicting pneumonia caused by chest wall injury
Authors: Kawai Yasuyuki , Konishi Hironobu , Miyazaki Keita , Kogeichi Yohei , Takano Keisuke , Okuda Akinori , Maegawa Naoki , Urisono Yasuyuki , Fukushima Hidetada 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
The severity of rib fractures has been previously evaluated by combining categorical data, but these methods have only low predictive capability for respiratory complications and mortality. This study aimed to establish a more accurate method for predicting the development of pneumonia, a frequent complication in chest injuries, using anatomical relationships.

METHODS
We analyzed three-dimensional reconstructed images of 644 consecutive trauma patients who underwent whole-body computed tomography (CT) in our institution within a 36-month study period from April 2017. The anatomical relationship between the right and left thoracic volumes of non–rib fracture patients was used to estimate thoracic volume changes on the injured side in unilateral rib fracture patients. The predictive capability of changes in thoracic volume for the development of pneumonia was evaluated according to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and compared with that of previous chest wall severity evaluation methods.

RESULTS
Of the 644 patients, 133 and 478 patients had unilateral rib fractures and non–rib fractures, respectively. The amount of change in thoracic volume due to unilateral rib fractures was significantly greater in pneumonia patients (400 mL vs. 160 mL, p < 0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the development of pneumonia was 0.83, which tended to be higher than that of the previous severity scoring methods.

CONCLUSION
The amount of change in chest volume, which can be estimated using CT images, has better predictive capability for pneumonia than previous severity assessment methods based on categorical data. The amount of change in chest volume measured using whole-body CT can be used to rapidly determine the optimal treatment for severe chest wall injuries.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic study, level IV.
Association between type 2 diabetes and long-term outcomes in middle-aged and older trauma patients
Authors: Daly Stuart L. , Gabbe Belinda J. , Climie Rachel E. , Ekegren Christina L. 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
Diabetes is associated with increased hospital complications and mortality following trauma. However, there is limited research on the longer-term recovery of trauma patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to explore the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in-hospital and 24-month outcomes in major trauma patients.

METHODS
In this cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry, middle-aged and older adults (≥45 years) with major trauma were followed up at 24 months postinjury. Logistic regression (univariable and multivariable) analyses were used to determine the association between diabetes status and 24-month patient-reported outcomes. In-hospital outcomes were compared between groups using χ2 tests.

RESULTS
Of the 11,490 participants who survived to hospital discharge, 8,493 survived to 24 months postinjury and were followed up at that time point: 953 people (11%) with and 7540 (89%) without T2D. People with T2D had a higher in-hospital death rate (19%) compared with people without T2D (16%; p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, people with T2D had poorer outcomes 24 months postinjury than people without T2D, with respect to functional recovery (Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48–0.69) and return to work/study (AOR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.37–0.71]). People with T2D experienced higher odds of problems with mobility (AOR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.60–2.30), self-care (AOR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.64, 2.29), usual activities (AOR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.26–1.79), pain and discomfort (AOR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.49–2.07), anxiety and depression (AOR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.24, 1.70), and self-reported disability (AOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.28–1.79) than people without T2D.

CONCLUSION
Major trauma patients with T2D have a poorer prognosis than patients without T2D, both during their hospital admission and 24 months postinjury. Patients with T2D may need additional health care and support following trauma to reach their recovery potential.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic, level III.
PET-BIDS, an extension to the brain imaging data structure for positron emission tomography
Authors: Norgaard Martin , Matheson Granville J. , Hansen Hanne D. , Thomas Adam , Searle Graham , Rizzo Gaia , Veronese Mattia , Giacomel Alessio , Yaqub Maqsood , Tonietto Matteo , Funck Thomas , Gillman Ashley , Boniface Hugo , Routier Alexandre , Dalenberg Jelle R. , Betthauser Tobey , Feingold Franklin , Markiewicz Christopher J. , Gorgolewski Krzysztof J. , Blair Ross W. , Appelhoff Stefan , Gau Remi , Salo Taylor , Niso Guiomar , Pernet Cyril , Phillips Christophe , Oostenveld Robert , Gallezot Jean-Dominique , Carson Richard E. , Knudsen Gitte M. , Innis Robert B. , Ganz Melanie 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThe Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) is a standard for organizing and describing neuroimaging datasets. It serves not only to facilitate the process of data sharing and aggregation, but also to simplify the application and development of new methods and software for working with neuroimaging data. Here, we present an extension of BIDS to include positron emission tomography (PET) data (PET-BIDS). We describe the PET-BIDS standard in detail and share several open-access datasets curated following PET-BIDS. Additionally, we highlight several tools which are already available for converting, validating and analyzing PET-BIDS datasets.