bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calorie Consumption and Indonesia’s Household Expenditure: Is There a Paradox?
Authors: Rustam Rustam , Ikhsan Mohamad , Hartono Djoni , Sumarto Sudarno 
Published: March 2021

During 2011-2014, anecdotal evidence suggested a paradox in Indonesia concerning calorie intake that had fallen, despite increased per capita expenditure and household size. This study will rigorously analyze calorie intake by applying several analytical methods, mainly repeated cross-section methods using an instrumental variable. The study used national scale data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) in March 2011-2014. This study finds a meaningful relationship between calorie intake and per capita expenditure and household size in Indonesia in the 2011-2014 period. Besides, calorie needs and the "Subsidized Rice for the Poor" or the Raskin program are positively correlated with calorie intake. The research also suggests that the government needs to maintain household food assistance programs, ensure the stability of staple food prices, and apply economies of scale in calculating the poverty line.JEL Classification: C31, C36, D12, D90Rustam., Ikhsan, M., Hartono, D., & Sumarto, S.. (2021). Calorie Consumption and Indonesia’s Household Expenditure: Is There A Paradox?. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 10 (1), 1-12. http://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.15310.
Can Revenue and Human Development Promote Happiness: Study on Provinces in Indonesia
Authors: Rizal Sofyan , Fitrijanto Arief 
Published: March 2021

This study seeks to see the relationship between the human development index (HDI) and gross regional domestic product (GRDP) variables on the happiness of economic growth data for provinces in Indonesia. The method used in this research is regression and path analysis. This study proves that happiness is not caused by the income (GRDP) of a region but rather significantly by one of the dimensions of HDI, namely the education dimension. The relationship through the variable between using path analysis through the indirect effect of the GRDP intermediary also significantly affects the education dimension. About 60% of the variable quality of education plays a role in happiness. If the effect is through an intermediary variable, the real influence of the variable quality of education on happiness is 65%. Other variables such as health and economy, directly or indirectly, do not significantly affect the level of happiness.JEL Classification: I3, E5, R10How to Cite:Rizal, S., & Fitrianto, A. (2021). Can Revenue and Human Development Promote Happiness: Study on Provinces in Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 10(1), 113-128. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v10i1.17600.
Do Growth Spillovers Matter?
Authors: Susanto Joko , Udjianto Didit Welly 
Published: March 2021

Although the Yogyakarta Special Region and Central Java are two independent provinces with different regulations, these economies were integrated as a unity that interacts with each other, so this study examined whether the growth spillovers between regencies/cities occurred in these provinces. The data included economic growth, education, working-age population, and asphalted road published by the Central Bureau of Statistics for 2001-2018. This study used a regression analysis based on the Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) model. The results showed that there were growth spillovers. The economic growth of a regency/city was positively influenced by economic growth in its surrounding regions. A particular regency/city obtained benefit from economic growth occurred in its surrounding. Meanwhile, an increase in the working-age population and the asphalted road positively affects economic growth. However, the increase in education did not affect economic growth. Therefore, the local government needs to improve connectivity between regions by building road networks and enhancing intergovernmental cooperation.JEL Classification: J6, O1, R1How to Cite:Susanto, J., & Udjianto, D. W. (2021). Do Growth Spillovers Matter?. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 10(1), 31-50. doi: http://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.17900.
Wolfram (DIDMOAD) Sendromu: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: ALTUN Eda , PAYDAS Saime , KAYA Bülent , KARAYAYLALI İbrahim 
Published: March 2021

Özet
Wolfram sendromu, diyabetes mellitus, optik atrofi, diyabetes insipitus, işitme kaybı ile karakterize otozomal resesif geçiş gösteren genetik bir hastalıktır. Hastalarda nörolojik rahatsızlıklar, üriner sistem hastalıkları ve psikolojik rahatsızlıklarda izlenir. Vakaların büyük kısmında Wolframin proteinini kodlayan
Wolfram sendrom gen-1 deki mutasyonlar sorumludur. Şüpheli vakalarda genetik tanı ile erken tanı konularak, gerekli hormonal tedavinin başlanması ve yaşam kalitesinin artması mümkündür. Bu yazıda, tip 1 diyabetes mellitus tanısı ile takip edilirken bilateral hidronefroz ve poliüri nedeni ile tetkik edilen ve
Wolfram sendromu tanısı alan 28 yaşında kadın vakayı sunduk.
75TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE UN: HOPES AND REALITIES
Authors: Kuzmin E. L. 
Published: March 2021

Examining the history of the UN creation in the first part of the article, the author focuses on an exceptionally significant issue settled in 1945 during the Crimean Conference of the Heads of the Three Great Powers, namely: the order of voting in the UN Security Council. Various appeals to renounce the “veto” of permanent members of the UN Security Council enshrined in the UN Charter have become the main leitmotif of numerous attempts of the United States and their closest allies to revise the UN Charter. Reviewing such proposals, the author notes that populist ideas the essence of which constitutes the call to replace, based on the principles of equality of all States, an international Organization by a supranational structure whose activities would actually be based on the principle of “who has force, has power” have been disseminated in Western political and scientific circles.The author goes on to consider the crucial question: whether the Organization have been able to cope with its main mission: to maintain international peace and security?Listing the outstanding universal documents of our time developed in the bowels of the UN, the author calls the most notable, in his opinion, achievement of the Organization — a real liberation of dozens of countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America from colonial oppression. Analyzing the activities of the UN, the author acknowledges that the Organization in many respects is still far from its unifying convergent essence: the US and its NATO allies lead the policy aiming at crashing the system of international relations, based on the central role of the UN in world politics; the US promote a concept that implies the creation of closed alliances to develop and implement measures bypassing the UN. Amid such realities, Russia, seeking to strengthen multilateral principles in international affairs, emphasizes the creation of a self-regulating international system, which requires collective leadership of the leading States that is represented geographically and civilizationally, and exercised with full respect for the central and coordinating role of the United Nations.The article also draws attention to the fact that modern reality identifies more and more intractable problems, which often lead to the “autonomization” of international law: “niches” that are not filled with legal material inevitably give rise to situations where the gaps concerned are governed by particular and special rules based on bilateral or regional foundations, The author sees the empowerment of international law in the approval of principles of intercivilizational communication, the pursuance of synthesis of various legal systems, ideologies, cultures, religions and other spiritual values, which would provide a reliable basis for strengthening the importance and influence of international law.
Influence of Freezing on Muscles of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): A Histological and Microbiological Study
Authors: Strateva M. , Penchev G. , Stratev D. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Freezing is a common and ancient method for preservation of foods which is applicable both under household and industrial conditions. The objective of the study was to establish histological and microbiological changes in dorsal and abdominal muscles of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after freezing once and twice.
Methods: Forty-five fresh rainbow trout specimens were distributed into three groups of 15 fish each. The first group was subjected to histological and microbiological analysis immediately after delivery at the laboratory. The second fish group was frozen at -18 °C for 15 days, while the third group of fish was frozen at -18 °C for 15 days, thawed and frozen again at -18 °C for 15 days. Data were analyzed using GraphPad InStat 3 software.
Results: After freezing once, muscle fibers with intracellular void spaces were observed and retained stable peripheral boundary. In some muscle fibers, the endomysium boundaries were visible and with retained integrity. After freezing twice, damages and deformities were observed resulting in completely destructured muscle fibers. Large void spaces among the muscle fibers and bundles were greatly the result of shrinking and grouping of fibers and the laceration of endomysium and perimysium internum. Total microbial count and Enterobacteriaceae count had no significant differences (p>0.05) between fresh, frozen once, and frozen twice trout.
Conclusion: Muscles of rainbow trout (O. mykiss) are histologically damaged to a greater extent after freezing twice and thawing. However, microbiological indicators had no change significantly after freezing once and twice.
Microbial Safety of Black Summer Truffle Collected from Sicily and Umbria Regions, Italy
Authors: Cirlincione F. , Francesca N. , Settanni L. , Donnini D. , Venturella G. , Gargano M.L. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Tuber aestivum Vittad., known as black summer truffle, represents high-value food especially used as garnishment in nouvelle cuisine. The aim of this study was to investigate on the viable microbial populations associated with T. aestivum ascomata collected in different sites of Sicily and one locality of Umbria (Italy).
Methods: The ripe ascomata of black summer truffles were collected from Central Italy. Cell densities of spoilage bacteria, fecal indicators, potential pathogens, yeasts, and molds were analyzed. Statistical analysis was conducted with XLSTAT software.
Results: The microbiological counts of truffles ranged between 6.00 and 9.63 log Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g for total mesophilic count and between 6.18 and 8.55 log CFU/g for total psychrotrophic count; pseudomonads were in the range 6.98-9.28 log CFU/g. Listeria spp. and coagulase-positive streptococci detected in no samples. Coagulase-negative streptococci were found in some samples with 2.11-4.76 log CFU/g levels. Yeasts and filamentous fungi were detected at consistent levels of 3.60-7.81 log CFU/g. Significant differences (p<0.01) were found between samples and also for all microbial groups.
Conclusion: This study evidenced that the common brushing procedure applied for preparation of truffles is not sufficient to eliminate microbial risks for consumers. The application of an efficient decontamination treatment is strongly suggested before consumption of fresh truffles.
Effect of Processing Temperature on Storage Quality of In-Shell Hazelnut
Authors: Yousefi Z. , Rezaeigolestani M.R. , Javadzade Moghtader G. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Drying is the one of the oldest methods for increasing the shelf life of food products. The objective of the present study was evaluation of effect of different drying temperatures on drying time and storage quality parameters of in-shell hazelnut.
Methods: Hazelnuts were dried as a thin layer at three temperatures (40, 50, and 60 °C). The time required for drying and quality parameters (lipid and protein content, acidity, and peroxide value) were evaluated. Besides, sensory and oxidation evaluations were performed in order to evaluate the effect of the drying temperatures on quality of hazelnuts before and after 6-month storage. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (V. 16.0).
Results: The mean drying times at 40, 50, and 60 °C were 29.75, 25, and 20.25 h, respectively. In fact, an inverse significant (p<0.05) relationship was observed between temperature and time of the hazelnuts drying process. The mean protein content of the hazelnuts dried at 40, 50, and 60 °C were 13.06, 12.83, and 13.62 (% dry basis), respectively. Lipid content of the samples were significantly (p<0.05) increased with drying temperature. The lowest acidity and peroxide values were recorded for the samples dried at 60 °C with the values of 0.15% oleic acid and 1.3 meq/kg, respectively. Sensory results showed that all of the treated hazelnuts were acceptable after six months storage.
Conclusion: The evidences of the present study point that in-shell hazelnuts drying at temperature of 60 °C can lead to production of good quality products.
Types of Acid and Drying Method Differently Affect the Chemical Profile of Sodium Caseinate
Authors: Maruddin F. , Malaka R. , Sabil S. , Baba S. , Amqam H. , Taufik M. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Sodium caseinate is a rich source of protein and minerals originating from animals. Numerous food and non-food products are made from sodium caseinate. The present study investigated the chemical components (moisture, crude protein, ash, and soluble crude protein) of sodium caseinate prepared by different acids and drying techniques.
Methods: A completely randomized factorial design was used by different acids including hydrochloric acid (HCl) and acetic acid, and also drying methods including oven (50 °C for 48 h) and freeze drying (-40 °C for 48 h). In each experimental group, sodium caseinate was obtained for determination of moisture, crude protein, ash, and soluble crude protein. Data were statistically evaluated using an ANOVA in SPSS 18.0.
Results: The interaction of both acids and drying methods significantly (p<0.01) affected moisture, crud protein, and ash content. HCl treatment coupled with freeze drying was the best combination, resulting in an appreciably higher content of crude protein (52.90%), moisture (5.38%), and soluble protein (0.85%).
Conclusion: The kinds of acid and drying method altered the chemically profile of sodium caseinate. The combination of HCl and freeze drying could be the considered as the best approach, resulting in good chemical characteristics of sodium caseinate.
Antifungal Effects of Essential Oils of Zataria multiflora, Mentha pulegium, and Mentha piperita
Authors: Zamanian Chaleshtori Z. , Bonyadian M. , Moshtaghi H. , Ebrahimi A. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Among important fungi associated with foods are Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., and Geotrichum spp. In this study, we evaluated antifungal effects of Essential Oils (EOs) of Zataria multiflora, Mentha pulegium, and Mentha piperita.
Methods: Antifungal properties of EOs of M. piperita, M. pulegium, and Z. multiflora against Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., and Geotrichum candidum were determined by agar well diffusion and broth macrodilution method. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.
Results: Among three studied plant EOs, Z. multiflora EO had the strongest antifungal activity (p<0.05) on tested fungi; so that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) were 0.01 and 0.3% for G. candidum, 0.005 and 0.3% for Penicillium spp., and 0.1 and 0.3% for Aspergillus spp.
Conclusion: All three studied plant EOs showed antifungal activities. However, as Z. multiflora EO showed the most antifungal effect, it could be specially suggested as natural powerful antifungal preservatives in the food industry.
Brysonville Schoolhouse Revisited
Authors: Patterson Glenn 
Published: March 2021

In this edited interview, Glenn Patterson speaks with Bruce Barr and Alison Boyle of Quebec's Chateauguay Valley to discuss their initiative to transition Brysonville Schoolhouse Revisited, a monthly open-mic, to an online livestream format using both Zoom and Facebook Live in response to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. They describe how their personal motivations for making this transition; how it impacted their daily lives and weekly schedules in the first months of the pandemic; their experiences as non-experts working with these popular technologies; point out some of the principal barriers facing aging and rural communities wishing to transition to online performance spaces; and contemplate the prospects for the future of the event.
Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment Among Customer Service Representatives at Call Centre Industry in Malaysia
Authors: Mohamed Yunus Noor Azlina , Mohamed Yunus Narazatul Akmal , Mohamed Anuar Marhani 
Published: March 2021

The call centre is a service-intensive organization with a significant proportion of its employees working in direct contact with its customers. Given the nature of front line employees, job satisfaction is a serious issue in call centre as well as the service industry. The front line employees, like any other service sector employees, need to develop and maintain a strong relationship with its human resources for effective performance in assisting customers’ problems and inquiries. Therefore, this paper formulates a framework postulating job satisfaction as an antecedent of organizational commitment in call centre industry. The finding of this study should enrich the existing theories by providing additional evidence on the relationship between employees’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment especially for call centre industry. Eventually, the findings provide empirical support to the concepts and theories that are currently discussed in the employees’ job satisfaction literature to be applied especially in the context of call centre perspective.
Bai Bithaman Ajil (BBA) and Musharakah Mutanaqisah (MM): Comparative Analysis
Authors: Norbaya Siti , Abd Rahman Muhammad Abd Hadi , Che Yahya Norliza , Md Rasid Nor Farah 
Published: March 2021

A comparative analysis between Bai Bithaman Ajil (BBA) and Musharakah Mutanaqisah (MM) for the home buyers preference in choosing Islamic home financing. There are three main variables that are being used to identify most influenced factor which are Shariah compliant, pricing, and equality. All variables have a significant value towards preference on Islamic home financing, it meet the purpose of the Shariah (Maqasid al Shariah). MM home financing mode is more preferable based on Mean value as Shariah compliant and Equality shows a higher value compared to BBA. These results may help Islamic banking in Malaysia in order to expand the market to compete with conventional bank.
A time series analysis of determinants of FDI in Afghanistan: Which one matters the most, security or economic growth?
Authors: Delawari Abdul Fareed 
Published: March 2021

Afghanistan has been practicing market economic system since 2002. Since then, the government has been initiating different policies and announced various incentives to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) to the country. However, the outcome has not been satisfactory due to several political and economic factors. This paper explores the relationship between security, economic growth and FDI in Afghanistan, using ARDL model. The paper covers a period from 2002 to 2016. The empirical results of this study show that there is a negative long-term relationship between security and FDI. Hence, the author concludes that, to attract FDI to the country, insuring security should be the top priority of the government of Afghanistan.
Need of elevating the role of shariah board and portraying them significantly on Islamic bank websites: Why and how?
Authors: Khan Tahreem Noor 
Published: March 2021

Islamic banking emerged rapidly to fulfil the financial needs of Muslim consumers, by using different viable modes of Islamic financing. These tools of financing were designed to avoid risk-free return, unjustified increase of money on money and uncertainty. To make these tool authentic, in all Islamic bank, Shariah board members are the pillar of the management structure. The presence of renowned scholars in a bank actually helps to increase the worth of a Shariah financial brand as they are the one who oversee and supervise the activities of banks. However, it is noticed that confusion and misperception exist generally about Islamic banks due to lack of devising authentic products, modes of structure and operational default. To identify the customer perception about Shariah scholars, Online Survey was conducted. In total 92 respondents participated. With that, 14 top Islamic bank websites (Bahrain, Lebanon, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Srilanka, Indonesia, Bangladesh, UAE, Pakistan, Malaysia, Kuwait, Jordan, Eygpt, Oman) was observed to figure how they have given importance and exposure to the Shariah board members. The findings suggested that web-marketing could highlight the role of Shariah scholars so that both users and non-users of Islamic banks were able to learn more about the machinery of Islamic financial products. In addition, Shariah board scholars should consciously reconsider and review their past and present approaches so as to perform better in the future.
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly of Islamic Credit Cards
Authors: Johan Zaimy Johana , Hussain Mohd Zainee 
Published: March 2021

The Malaysian Islamic financial services have developed and thrived in the competitive domestic and global financial market especially in the last three decades. The Government has provided the industry conducive enabling environment to catalyse the industry growth and development. Islamic finance has gained prominence and been identified as the growth area in the nation’s financial sector. The Bank Negara Malaysia Annual Report 2020 published on 3 April 2020 amongst others highlights that with an advanced regulatory framework already in place, Islamic finance is poised to play a more prominent role in the coming period, particularly in its potential to apply shariah principles to expand social finance and address market gaps in innovative ways. With a range of innovative shariah compliant products and services, the halal financial services have gained market acceptance from both Muslims and non-Muslims alike, albeit with different levels of acceptance according to the products. Specifically, to a certain degree it appears that the market has been more receptive of other Islamic financial services such as loans for various purposes including purchases of securities, properties, vehicles; working capital and even personal loans than the credit cards. According to the Bank Negara Monthly Statistical Bulletin: Monthly Highlights and Statistics in September 2020, as of September 2020, Islamic banks had disbursed 35.7% or RM651.4 billion of the total loans in the banking system in September 2020. The Islamic credit cards however have a lower market share of 10.2% or RM3.7 billion of total credit card transactions. The slower growth pace, lower market share and performance of Islamic credit cards vis–a-vis conventional credit cards, and also compared with other Islamic financial products merit further scrutiny and analysis to help better understand the issues pertinent the growth of the Islamic credit cards. Issues such as why other Islamic loans and hire purchase products have performed better; why the slower growth of Islamic credit cards; customers and market expectation of Islamic credit cards; Islamic credit card product development and marketing strategies need to be carefully examined in order to overcome Islamic credit card growth conundrum.