bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of GGBFS on Workability and Strength of Alkali-activated Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Kumar Gautam , Mishra S. S. 
Published: June 2021

This paper focuses on the development of a concrete material by utilizing fly ash and blast furnace slag in conjunction with coarse and fine aggregates with an aim to reduce pollution and eliminate the use of energy extensive binding material like cement. Alternative binding materials have been tried with an aim to get rather an improved concrete material. Alkali-Activated Solution (AAS) made of the hydroxide and silicate solutions of sodium was adopted as the liquid binder whereas, Class F” fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) mixed in dry state were used as the Geopolymer Solid Binder (GSB). The liquid binder was used to synthesize the solid binder by thermal curing. The paper investigates the use, influence and relative quantities of the liquid and solid binders in the development of the alkali-activated GGBFS based Geopolymer Concrete (GPC). Varying ratios of AAS to GSB were taken to assess their optimum content. Further, different percentages of GGBFS were used as a partial replacement of Class F fly ash to determine the optimum replacement of GGBFS in the GPC. In order to assess their effects on various properties test samples of cubes, cylinders and beams were cast and tested at 3, 7, and 28 days. Thermal curing of GPC has also resorted for favorable results. It was found that AAS to GSB ratio of 0.5 and GGBFS content of 80% yielded the maximum strength with a little unfavorable effect on workability. The overall results indicated that AAS and GGBFS offer good geopolymer concrete which will find its applicability in water scarce areas. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091708 Full Text: PDF
The Utilization of Medicinal Plants to Cure Gastrointestinal Disorders by The Dayak Muara Tribe in Kuala Dua Village, Sanggau Regency
Authors: Yusro Fathul , Mariani Yeni , Wardenaar Evy 
Published: June 2021

People use medicinal plants to treat various diseases, one of which is gastric disorders. The study aims to analyze the use of medicinal plants to overcome gastric disorders by the Dayak Muara tribe in Kuala Dua Village, Sanggau Regency. The sampling method was purposive sampling, with the number of respondents was 10% of the total number of households in Kuala Dua Village (91 respondents). The information regarding the medicinal plants used by the Dayak Muara tribe to overcome gastric disorders such as diarrhea, intestinal worms, nausea and vomiting, constipation, gastric, flatulence, and stomachache was collected. Furthermore, data obtained analyzed for the use-value (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF), and fidelity level (FL). The Dayak Muara tribe in Kuala Dua village, Kembayan District, has used 17 species of medicinal plants to overcome gastric disorders. Curcuma longa is the plant with a high use value or UV (0.96), followed by Psidium guajava (0.89) and Zingiber officinale (0.45). The highest value of informant consensus factor or ICF includes the diseases category of diarrhea (0.98), gastric, stomachache, nausea, and vomiting, each of which has an ICF value (0.96), constipation (0.94), intestinal worms and flatulence (0.88). The plants with the highest fidelity level (FL) are Allium sativum, Cymbopogon citratus and Centella asiatica for gastric (100), Areca catechu for constipation (100), Moringa oleifera, and Theobroma cacaoÃÂ (100) for stomachache.
صعوبات التلاميذ فى تعلم اللغة العربية
Authors: Sudiarti Sri 
Published: June 2021

التجريد
كانت عملية التربية والتعليم سعيا مخططا لتشكيل تطوير قدرةالتلاميذ كي تنفع لمصلحتهم نفسيا ومجتمعيا وشعبيا.وفي عملية تعلم التلاميذ ليس من النادر توجد عواعق التعم، فمن العواعق التى توجد كثيرا وهي الصعوبة عند التعلم، ولا سيما في المادة اللغة العربية خاصة التى صعبت لبعض التلاميذ فهمها. وكذلك، كما عرفنا أن أغراض الأساسى فى تعليم اللغة العربية هي لترقية قدرة الطلاب في اللغة العربية، لسانا كان او كتابة. وفى هذا البحث سوف يبحث عن العوامل التى تكون مشكلة عامة في دراسة اللغة العربية لمتعلميها وكذلك يبحث أيضا عن محاولتها لتزيد مناهج التعليمة فى تعلم اللغة الأجنبية، خاصة فى اللغة العربة.
Lentinula madagasikarensis sp. nov., a relative of shiitake mushrooms from Madagascar
Authors: Looney B.P. , Buyck B. , Menolli Jr. N. , Randrianjohany E. , Hibbett D. 
Published: June 2021

We describe the first species of Lentinula from Africa, Lentinula madagasikarensis sp. nov. The new taxon, which was collected from central Madagascar, is strikingly similar to L. edodes, the shiitake mushroom. A BLAST search using ITS sequences from L. madagasikarensis as the query retrieves a mix of Lentinula, Gymnopus, Marasmiellus, and other members of Omphalotaceae as the top hits. A 28S phylogeny of the Omphalotaceae confirms placement of L. madagasikarensis within Lentinula. An ITS phylogeny places L. madagasikarensis as the sister group of L. aciculospora, which is a neotropical species. Lentinula madagasikarensis is characterized by robust basidiomata with vinaceous pilei, prominent floccose scales near the pileus margin, florets of sphaeropedunculate cheilocystidia, and subcylindrical basidiospores. This report constitutes a 4 000-mile, trans-oceanic range extension for Lentinula.
Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Badan Pertanahan Nasional Terhadap Adanya Penerbitan Sertifikat Ganda
Authors: Hirwansyah  
Published: June 2021

Badan Pertanahan Nasional bertanggung jawab atas sertifikat yang dikeluarkannya. Tugas Badan Pertanahan Nasional adalah mengelola dan mengembangkan administrasi pertanahan, baik berdasarkan Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria (UUPA) maupun peraturan perundang-undangan lain yang meliputi pengaturan penggunaan, penguasaan, pemeliharaan tanah, pengurusan hak-hak atas tanah. Pengurusan dan pendaftaran tanah, dan hal-hal lainnya yang berkaitan dengan masalah pertanahan berdasarkan kebijakan yang ditetapkan oleh Presiden.Apabila adaoknum BPN yang dengan sengaja ataupun lalai yang mengakibatkan kerugian terhadap orang lain akibat kesalahan dalam penerbitan Sertifikat maka kepadanya diberikan tanggung jawab untuk mengganti kerugian bahkan dimungkinkan membayar kehilangan keuntungan. Walaupun Badan Pertanahan Nasional bukanlah lembaga negara dibidang yudikatif, namun Badan Pertanahan Nasional mempunyai wewenang untuk menyelesaikan setiap masalah pertanahan termasuk masalah sertifikat ganda.
Difficulties and Expectations of Foreign Nursing Students in the Clinic
Authors: Parlar Kılıç Serap , Karadağ Gülendam , Kılıç Nermin , Demirel Cihat 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the difficulties and expectations of foreign nursing students during their nursing practice in the clinic. This qualitative study was conducted with six foreign students studying in the department of nursing at a university in Turkey. The data were collected by using a focus group interview method, and two focus group interviews were held. Two main themes, namely, difficulties during the nursing practices in the clinic and expectations, and related subthemes were determined. All the students described the difficulties they experienced regarding nursing practices in the hospital. The foreign and migrant students participating in this study experienced difficulties regarding communication, applying treatments, providing training to patients, and applying care interventions to patients during nursing practice in the clinic; they also had expectations from nursing educators to spend sufficient time with them and be present with them in the clinic, and from nurses to assist them for adaptation to the clinic.
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG DAN KEBUTUHAN LAHAN PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN PURWAKARTA TAHUN 2028
Authors: Jaka Pratama Iman Diva , Arrasyid Riko , Zidan Muhammad , Alfiah Nilam Sinta , Alifia Rahma Shafa Dinda 
Published: June 2021

Pertanian menjadi sumber mata pencaharian utama di sebagian masyarakat pedesaan Kabupaten Purwakarta. Daya dukung lahan harus sangat diperhatikan karena berpengaruh dengan keberlangsungan kehidupan dan kesejahteraan manusia. Analisis daya dukung lahan pertanian dapat memecahkan masalah perubahan lahan dan ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai perhitungan kebutuhan lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Purwakarta berdasarkan perhitungan proyeksi penduduk 10 tahun ke depan, dengan menggunakan data pada tahun 2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Proses pencarian, pengumpulan, dan analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan dari berbagai sumber terpecaya. Teknik analisis yang digunakan untuk menentukan daya dukung lahan pertanian mengunakan rumus matematika dari konsep gabungan atas teori Odum, Christeiler, Ebener Howard, dan Issard dalam Soeharjo dan Tukiran (1990) dalam Moniaga (2011), perhitungan Jumlah Penduduk Optimal (JPO), dan perhitungan Kebutuhan Lahan Pertanian (KPLR). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Peta KLPR 2028 yang menunjukan hasil tingkat daya dukung lahan yang bervariasi yang disebabkan oleh faktor data luas panen, produksi, dan jumlah penduduk pada tiap kecamatan tergantung pada komoditasnya. Hasil perhitungan jumlah penduduk optimal (JPO) di beberapa kecamatan Kabupaten Purwakarta apabila disesuaikan dengan komoditasnya masih lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan jumlah penduduk yang terdata pada masing-masing kecamatan. Hasil perhitungan kebutuhan lahan pertanian dari perhitungan JPO 2028 dan KPLR 2028 yang menunjukan bahwa kecamatan Jatiluhur, Maniis, Sukatani, Purwakarta, Babakancikako, Campaka, dan Bungursari tidak bisa menjadi wilayah swasembada pangan pada tahun 2028. Sedangkan untuk kecamatan yang lain masih bisa menjadi swasembada pangan untuk 2028 karena kebutuhan masih dapat terpenuhi dari luas lahan panen yang ada
GARAP KENDANG GAYA SURAKARTA DAN YOGYAKARTA DALAM RANGKAIAN MRABOT (STUDI KASUS: GENDING MADUWARAS)
Authors: Krismiatin Wiliyan Bagus Dwi , Suyoto Suyoto 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian pada Maduwaras, Gendhing Kethuk 2 Kerep Minggah 4: Kajian Garap Kendang, Gaya Surakarta dan Yogyakarta Dalam Rangkaian Mrabot” adalah menganalisis garap kendang gendhing Maduwaras. Gagasan dalam penelitian ini adalah kolaborasi garap dua gaya Karawitan yaitu gaya Surakarta dan Yogyakarta dengan rangkaian; Maduwaras, gendhing gendhing kethuk 2 kerep minggah 4 kalajengaken ladrang Mara Lagu, suwuk, trus lagon Sanga Wetah, ada-ada kasambet Playon kaseling rambangan Kinanthi, Sinom, Durma laras sléndro pathet sanga. Dalam rangkaian tersebut terdapat dua gaya karawitan yang berbeda dengan berbagai macam garap kendhangan. Permasalahan tersebut dikaji sesuai dengan kaidah-kaidah karawitan pada kedua gaya tersebut.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian dimulai dari proses rancangan penelitian karya, pemilihan sumber dan jenis data. Teknik pengumpulan data dimulai dari studi pustaka, observasi, dan wawancara. Dalam analisa penelitiannya menggunakan tiga pendekatan konsep yaitu konsep garap (materi garap dan prabot garap), konsep mungguh, konsep matut dan konsep padhang ulihan.Hasil yang diperoleh adalah kedua gaya yang memiliki latar belakang berbeda dapat dikolaborasi dengan baik dengan memperhatikan kaidah-kaidah yang berlaku dari kedua gaya tersebut khususnya garap kendhangan. Perbedaan garap kendhangan pada masing-masing bentuk gending dapat menghasilkan berbagai karakter, warna dan dramatik musikal dengan didukung oleh beberapa aspek kendhangan antara lain; penerapan sekaran, laya, wiledan, serta dinamika dengan tetap memperhatikan konsep mungguh. Kata kunci : gending, kendhangan, garap, gaya
Overexpression of PTPRN Promotes Metastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Suppresses NK Cell Cytotoxicity
Authors: Song Xinyue , Jiao Xue , Yan Han , Yu Lifeng , Jiang Longyang , Zhang Ming , Chen Lianze , Ju Mingyi , Wang Lin , Wei Qian , Zhao Lin , Wei Minjie 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common diagnostic histologic subtype of non-small cell lung cancer, but the role of receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase-like N (PTPRN) in LUAD has not been studied.MethodsWe conducted a bioinformatic analysis to identify the expression of PTPRN on LUAD data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the relationship between PTPRN and overall survival of LUAD patients. The effects of PTPRN on the migration ability of LUAD cells and the underlying mechanisms were investigated by in vitro and in vivo assays (i.e., wound healing assay, transwell assay, western blotting, xenograft model, and immunohistochemistry). Gene-set enrichment analysis and computational resource were used to analyze the correlation between PTPRN and different tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Lactate dehydrogenase assay and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to examine natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity.ResultsIn our study, we found that PTPRN was up-regulated in LUAD and related to metastasis of LUAD patients. Besides, PTPRN was correlated with poor prognosis in the TCGA-LUAD dataset. PTPRN overexpression promoted LUAD cell migration and the expression of EMT markers by influencing MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling. Moreover, PTPRN expression was significantly associated with TIICs, especially NK cells. A549 and H1299 cells overexpressed PTPRN inhibited NK cell cytotoxicity.ConclusionTaken together, these findings demonstrated that PTPRN might be a potential and novel therapeutic target modulating antitumor immune response in treatment of LUAD.
Is a Two-Year Growth Response to Growth Hormone Treatment a Better Predictor of Poor Adult Height Outcome Than a First-Year Growth Response in Prepubertal Children With Growth Hormone Deficiency?
Authors: Straetemans Saartje , Rooman Raoul , De Schepper Jean 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveThe first year response to growth hormone (GH) treatment is related to the total height gain in GH treated children, but an individual poor first year response is a weak predictor of a poor total GH effect in GH deficient (GHD) children. We investigated whether an underwhelming growth response after 2 years might be a better predictor of poor adult height (AH) outcome after GH treatment in GHD children.Design and methodsHeight data of GHD children treated with GH for at least 4 consecutive years of which at least two prepubertal and who attained (near) (n)AH were retrieved from the Belgian Register for GH treated children (n = 110, 63% boys). In ROC analyses, the change in height (ΔHt) SDS after the first and second GH treatment years were tested as predictors of poor AH outcome defined as: (1) nAH SDS &lt;−2.0, or (2) nAH SDS minus mid-parental height SDS &lt;−1.3, or (3) total ΔHt SDS &lt;1.0. The cut-offs for ΔHt SDS and its sensitivity at a 95% specificity level to detect poor AH outcome were determined.ResultsEleven percent of the cohort had a total ΔHt SDS &lt;1.0. ROC curve testing of first and second years ΔHt SDS as a predictor for total ΔHt SDS &lt;1.0 had an AUC &gt;70%. First-year ΔHt SDS &lt;0.41 correctly identified 42% of the patients with poor AH outcome at a 95% specificity level, resulting in respectively 5/12 (4.6%) correctly identified poor final responders and 5/98 (4.5%) misclassified good final responders (ratio 1.0). ΔHt SDS after 2 prepubertal years had a cut-off level of 0.65 and a sensitivity of 50% at a 95% specificity level, resulting in respectively 6/12 (5.5%) correctly identified poor final responders and 5/98 (4.5%) misclassified good final responders (ratio 1.2).ConclusionIn GHD children the growth response after 2 prepubertal years of GH treatment did not meaningfully improve the prediction of poor AH outcome after GH treatment compared to first-year growth response parameters. Therefore, the decision to re-evaluate the diagnosis or adapt the GH dose in case of poor response after 1 year should not be postponed for another year.
Leveraging Methylation Alterations to Discover Potential Causal Genes Associated With the Survival Risk of Cervical Cancer in TCGA Through a Two-Stage Inference Approach
Authors: Zhang Jinhui , Lu Haojie , Zhang Shuo , Wang Ting , Zhao Huashuo , Guan Fengjun , Zeng Ping 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundMultiple genes were previously identified to be associated with cervical cancer; however, the genetic architecture of cervical cancer remains unknown and many potential causal genes are yet to be discovered.MethodsTo explore potential causal genes related to cervical cancer, a two-stage causal inference approach was proposed within the framework of Mendelian randomization, where the gene expression was treated as exposure, with methylations located within the promoter regions of genes serving as instrumental variables. Five prediction models were first utilized to characterize the relationship between the expression and methylations for each gene; then, the methylation-regulated gene expression (MReX) was obtained and the association was evaluated via Cox mixed-effect model based on MReX. We further implemented the aggregated Cauchy association test (ACAT) combination to take advantage of respective strengths of these prediction models while accounting for dependency among thep-values.ResultsA total of 14 potential causal genes were discovered to be associated with the survival risk of cervical cancer in TCGA when the five prediction models were separately employed. The total number of potential causal genes was brought to 23 when conducting ACAT. Some of the newly discovered genes may be novel (e.g.,YJEFN3,SPATA5L1,IMMP1L,C5orf55,PPIP5K2,ZNF330,CRYZL1,PPM1A,ESCO2,ZNF605,ZNF225,ZNF266,FICD, andOSTC). Functional analyses showed that these genes were enriched in tumor-associated pathways. Additionally, four genes (i.e.,COL6A1,SYDE1,ESCO2, andGIPC1) were differentially expressed between tumor and normal tissues.ConclusionOur study discovered promising candidate genes that were causally associated with the survival risk of cervical cancer and thus provided new insights into the genetic etiology of cervical cancer.
Eosinophils and Chronic Respiratory Diseases in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Valverde-Monge Marcela , Cañas José A. , Barroso Blanca , Betancor Diana , Ortega-Martin Laura , Gómez-López Alicia , Rodríguez-Nieto María Jesús , Mahíllo-Fernández Ignacio , Sastre Joaquín , Del Pozo Victoria 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundStudies on the role of eosinophils in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are scarce, though available findings suggest a possible association with disease severity. Our study analyzes the relationship between eosinophils and COVID-19, with a focus on disease severity and patients with underlying chronic respiratory diseases.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 3018 subjects attended at two public hospitals in Madrid (Spain) with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from January 31 to April 17, 2020. Patients with eosinophil counts less than 0.02×109/L were considered to have eosinopenia. Individuals with chronic respiratory diseases (n=384) were classified according to their particular underlying condition, i.e., asthma, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, or obstructive sleep apnea.ResultsOf the 3018 patients enrolled, 479 were excluded because of lack of information at the time of admission. Of 2539 subjects assessed, 1396 patients presented an eosinophil count performed on admission, revealing eosinopenia in 376 cases (26.93%). Eosinopenia on admission was associated with a higher risk of intensive care unit (ICU) or respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) admission (OR:2.21; 95%CI:1.42-3.45; p&lt;0.001) but no increased risk of mortality (p&gt;0.05).ConclusionsEosinopenia on admission conferred a higher risk of severe disease (requiring ICU/RICU care), but was not associated with increased mortality. In patients with chronic respiratory diseases who develop COVID-19, age seems to be the main risk factor for progression to severe disease or death.
Strategies in Primary Care to Face the SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Survey
Authors: Eisele Marion , Pohontsch Nadine Janis , Scherer Martin 
Published: June 2021

Background: Primary care plays a key role in pandemics like the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020. We aimed to investigate the challenges faced and the solutions implemented in primary care.Methods: One hundred and twenty-one general practitioners in Germany completed the online survey. We used open questions to examine challenges experienced and solutions implemented during the early pandemic and chose qualitative content analysis to extract and describe the meaning of the answers. We derived deductive categories from the research questions and formed inductive categories during the material reviews.Results: Main challenges were: insufficient information, lack of protective equipment, need to restructure practice procedures and insufficient individual and structural pandemic preparedness, resulting in secondary challenges: fear of infection, impaired patient care, aggravated steering of patients, difficult cooperation with external entities and a not viable hygiene concept advised by authorities. Strategies to address these challenges included establishing regular team-meetings to develop new solutions, focusing on few reliable sources of information, working in alternating shifts, increasing telemedicine, establishing window and open-air practices and building networks with other health care providers. Respondents criticized the lack of consideration of their experiences in planning pandemic measures within primary care.Conclusions: General practitioners successfully applied pragmatic and creative strategies in their practices during the early phase of the pandemic. Among these, communication within and between practices emerged as a key strategy. These strategies should be provided with pandemic preparedness plans. The lacking consideration of the primary care providers' experiences in planning and implementing pandemic measures needs to be addressed by stakeholders.