bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Barcode Authentication and Improvement of Andrographolide Yield in Andrographis paniculata Plant
Authors: Oseni B. A. , Azubuike C. P. , Okubanjo O. O. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Andrographolide, the major bioactive compound responsible for most pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial activity exhibited by the Andrographis paniculata plant is present in small quantities. In addition, the genus Andrographis has about 28 species most of which possess no medicinal value. The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) barcode is utilized in species identification and plant authentication.Objectives: This study aimed at authenticating Andrographis paniculata using DNA barcodes and improving the yield of andrographolide via enzymatic treatment.Materials and Method: The DNA of Andrographis plant was obtained using the Qiagen kit. The psbA-trnH and rbcL DNA barcode regions were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Presence of amplified regions was confirmed using gel electrophoresis and the amplicons were sequenced. A blast N search was performed on the sequenced DNA. The constituents of A. paniculata dried leaves was extracted using methanol, followed by treatment with and without β glucosidase. The extract obtained was dried and partitioned using ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate fraction was concentrated and dissolved in methanol. Andrographolide content was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results: The psbA-trnH and rbcL DNA regions were successfully amplified having 358 and 604 bp respectively. The DNA barcode sequences obtained were identical to the psbA-trnH (97%) and rbcL (99%) genes of A. paniculata voucher MICET P00101. The mean andrographolide yield was 9.4±0.11mg/g and 8.9±0.13mg/g dry weight for the treatment and control groups respectively; statistical analysis at p = 0.05 shows a significant difference.Conclusion: The Andrographis plant used in this study was confirmed to be Andrographis paniculata, enzymatic treatment increased andrographolide yield from the plant.
Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide, authentication, DNA barcodes, β-glucosidase.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Pemberian Erythromycin dan Metoclopramide sebagai Prokinetik Pasca Operasi Laparotomi Digestif di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Ibnu Syahmardani , Erdani Ferry , Ismy Jufriady 
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang. Gastroparesis atau ileus pasca operasi (IPO) merupakan kondisi yang normal, bersifat sementara, dan merupakan respon fisiologis pasca prosedur operasi abdominal. Jika berkepanjangan, IPO dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan beban biaya kesehatan. Beberapa obat yang berperan sebagai prokinetik, seperti diantaranya metoclopramid dan erythromycin. Penggunaan kedua obat tersebut masih sangat minim khususnya di Indonesia dalam konteks mencegah terjadinya IPO.
Tujuan. Menilai efektifitas erythromycin dan metocloprtamide sebagai prokinetik pada pasien yang menjalani prosedur pembedahan laparotomi.
Metode. Penelitian uji klinis ketersamaran ganda dengan desain paralel. Subjek dibedakan menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan yaitu dengan pemberian erythromycin 250 mg dan metoclopramide 10 mg secara oral 60 menit sebelum operasi. Independent t test digunakan sebagai analisa utama dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.
Hasil. 38 subjek terlibat dalam penelitian ini yang didominasi oleh jenis kelamin laki-laki dengan rerata usia 45,11 ± 15,38 dan 53,84 ± 10,73 pada kelompok erythromycin dan metoclopramide secara berurutan. Rerata residu volume cairan lambung kelompok erythromycin (33,26 ± 15,33 ml/24 jam) lebih minimal dibandingkan kelompok metoclopramide (49,95 ± 17,71 ml/24 jam) dengan nilai signifikansi p=0,004.
Kesimpulan. Pemberian erythromycin lebih efektif dibandingkan metoclopramide sebagai agen prokinetik pasca pembedahan digestif.
Role of Autologous Fibrine Glue to Decrease Seroma Volume On 14th Post Operative Day in Carcinoma Mamae Patients that Underwent Simple Mastectomy
Authors: Maududy Ahmad Iffa , Rizki Kiki Ahmad , Yohana Raden , Jamalek Nadjwa 
Published: January 2021

Background: Seroma is the most significant complication that occurred after mastectomy, happen in 25% until 60% cases. Seroma are not life threatening complications, but can lead to serious morbidity, prolonged hospital stay and delay adjuvant therapy. Autologous Fibrin Glue is a hemostatic agent that can accelerate fibrin thread formation, stop vascular oozing and decrease dead space. This research was performed to evaluate Autologous Fibrin Glue function in lowering seroma volume at 14th days after simple mastectomy.
Methods: This research is a clinical trial to compare average seroma volume between advance stage locally breast carcinoma patients group which are given Autologous Fibrin Glue on the surface of surgical wound, 14 days after simple mastectomy (trial group) and control group (without special treatment) with ultrasonography.
Result: From 42 patients who met the inclusion criteria, divided into 2 groups, 21 patients were given Autologous Fibrin Glue on the surgical wound surface in a simple mastectomy procedure, 21 patients as a control group. The number of seromas in the treatment group was measured using ultrasound on the 14th day, fewer meaningfully than the control group, the median seroma volume in the treatment group was 9,30 mL and median seroma volume in the control group was 20.90 mL. The P value in the variable number of seroma is smaller than 0.05 (P. < 0.05) which means significant, the number of seromas measured using ultrasonography (USG) on the 14th day, fewer meaningfully in the treatment group.
Conclusion: Subjects that was given Autologous Fibrin Glue on the surface of surgical wound after simple mastectomy has a lower volume of seroma compared to control group.
Relationship marketing and consumer buying behavior in food and beverage firms in port harcourt metropolis
Authors: Godswill Chinedu Chukwu  , Miyene Charles Tom  
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the impact of relationship marketing on consumer buying behavior in the food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt metropolis. The study also seeks to find out whether considerable pricing system, quality product and service offering and effective and efficient customer service unit affect consumer buying behavior. This study adopted descriptive research design. The populations are all customers of all food and beverage drinks firms in Port Harcourt. A sample size of 375 persons was randomly selected while 358 questionnaires were successfully retrieved and used for the analysis. Sample size was determined using Morgan Krejcie table (1970). Data was collected by use of questionnaire. Three research questions were posed and three hypotheses were tested. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics while inferential statistics e.g. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to test the stated hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt lack considerable pricing system which affect consumer buying behavior negatively; that quality product and service offering impact customers’ referral and that effective and efficient customer service unit enhance customer loyalty in food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The study concluded that relationship marketing affect consumer buying behavior in food and beverage firms Port Harcourt.
State of the dentoalveolar system in children from mothers with gestational hypertension
Authors: L. A. Saidova  , N. N. Khabibova  
Published: January 2021

Development of diagnostic and practical criteria for arterial hypertension and complications in children from mothers with gestational hypertension against the background of the use of calcium channel inhibitors.
In 2018, new European recommendations on cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy and European recommendations on arterial hypertension were published, which have special sections on hypertension in pregnant women.
Farmers’ Perceptions of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Use in Extension Service Delivery in Northern Region, Ghana
Authors: OBENG Francis K. , GUMAH Salifu , Mintah Stephen 
Published: January 2021

Extension methodologies for communicating technologies to farmers have evolved over the past 200 years from so-called traditional methodologies to more advanced and technology-based methodologies that enable extension staff to reach many people within the shortest possible time in a more effective and efficient way. Though traditional methods are still relevant and effective, current trends require the use of more innovative and cost-effective methodologies. This paper examined the perceptions of farmers on the use of ICTs in Extension Service delivery in the Northern Region of Ghana. Ninety farmers were randomly sampled from 6 communities in 6 districts in the region. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire. A 5-point Likert scale was used to determine farmers’ perceived effects of ICT on extension delivery. Data were analysed using means, standard deviations, t-test, frequencies and percentages. The most widely used ICTs by farmers are radio, mobile phone and television. Farmers perceive the use of mobile phone to have resulted in timely delivery of information, increased interaction among farmers and between farmers and AEAs and effective use of time and energy by AEAs. The use of radio has improved adoption of technologies and enhanced farmers’ awareness of innovations. It is concluded mobile phone, radio and television are used widely in the region and have very positive effects on extension service delivery.
Planting Dates and Nutrition Management Regimes Impact Positively on Bulb Size, Quality and Yield of Rain-fed Onion
Authors: ADDAI Isaac Kwahene , KUGBE Joseph X. 
Published: January 2021

Bulb size, appropriate time of planting and sufficient growth nutrients may determine the quality of seeds and productivity of onion. Studies were conducted during the cropping seasons of year 2015 and 2016 to assess the effects of planting date and nutrients management regimes on bulb size, quality and yield of rain-fed onion using seeds of variety Prema as planting material. Three levels of transplanting dates namely early transplanting (N1)), transplanting of seedlings two weeks after early transplanting (N2), and transplanting of seedlings four weeks after early transplanting (N3) were factorially combined with the following six fertilizer application regimes: F1 (no fertilizer application), F2 (application of 375 kg/ha of NPK 23:10:10), F3 (application of 10 t/ha fertisoil compost), F4 (application of 187.5 kg/ha of NPK 23:10:10 plus 5 t/ha of fertisoil compost), F5 (application of 125 kg/ha of NPK 23:10:10 plus 6.6 t/ha of fertisoil compost) and F6 (application of 250 kg/ha of NPK 23:10:10 plus 3.3 t/ha of fertisoil compost). Seedlings from the above treatment combinations were planted using RCBD in three onion growing communities in the Northern Region of Ghana. At harvest, bulbs were sorted into three groups (large, medium and small bulbs). Results from the studies indicated that in each group of bulb size, N1 x F4 plants produced the highest bulb fresh weight and bulb diameter. Plants from these regimes also produced the highest bulb quality and bulb yield. Farmers should nurse onion seeds early, latest by first week of June in the rainy season, so as to transplant seedlings by first week of July and apply 187.5 kg/ha of 23:10:10 NPK plus 5 t/ha fertisoil compost for improved bulb sizes in the study area.
Cáncer de mama: estudio desde la práctica del cuidado de enfermería. Machala 2015
Authors: Santos Jovany Angleina 
Published: January 2021

Se realizó una investigación que tuvo como objetivo; Determinar la atención de enfermería en el manejo pacientes con cáncer de mama en el hospital oncológico SOLCA Machala, mediante la aplicación de encuestas y guías de observación para el diseño de una propuesta de atención. Se utilizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional de cohorte transversal tomando los datos de las historias clínicas de 238 pacientes, dentro de las variables estudiadas estuvieron la aplicación del proceso de atención de enfermería, las características de las mujeres y propias del cáncer, entre los resultados más relevantes se encontraron que; en un 98% no cumple el personal de enfermería con su atención fundamentada en el Proceso de atención de enfermería, dentro del 2% de problemas resueltos con proceso de atención enfermero están la flebitis, fiebre, astenia, radio dermitis leve, situaciones secundarias a la terapia inherente, las mujeres que presentaron cáncer fueron aquellas mayores de 40 años, con una utilización de más de 5 años métodos anticonceptivos, teniendo su primer parto después de los 22 años, que empezaron una menarquia a los 12 años, el tipo de cáncer en un 47,5% es el ductual, 52,2% estadio III, el 53,8% sometidas a quimioterapia, el 24,4% metástasis. Se concluye el personal de enfermería no cumple con un protocolo de asistencia estandarizado, sus actividades no son planificadas, se recomienda que el personal de enfermería se empodere de sus labores profesionales mediante la gestión del cuidado.
China And The New Maoists
Authors: Brown Kerry , van Nieuwenhuizen Simone 
Published: January 2021

Forty years after his death, Mao remains a totemic, if divisive, figure in contemporary China. Though he retains an immense symbolic importance within China’s national mythology, the rise of a capitalist economy has seen the ruling class become increasingly ambivalent towards him. And while he continues to be a highly visible and contentious presence in Chinese public life, Mao's enduring influence has been little understood in the West.
In China and the New Maoists, Kerry Brown and Simone van Nieuwenhuizen look at the increasingly vocal elements who claim to be the true ideological heirs to Mao, ranging from academics to cyberactivists, as well as at the state's efforts to draw on Mao’s image as a source of legitimacy. This is a fascinating portrait of a country undergoing dramatic upheavals while still struggling to come to terms with its past.
Disarming Conflict
Authors: Regehr Ernie 
Published: January 2021

Wars fought over the past quarter century have been a spectacular failure. The overwhelming majority end in military stalemate and are settled at the negotiating table, with the grievances that led to the war still unresolved. In Disarming Conflict famed peace activist Ernie Regehr shows that force cannot simply override or transcend the social, political, and economic realities of conflict.
War prevention, Regehr argues, is more successful when security policies address the conditions that most directly affect people’s lives and that are most instrumental in generating deep grievances and the despairing conclusion that there are no alternatives to the violence. Disarming Conflict sets out approaches, initiatives, and policies that steer away from the futility of fighting and promote non-military efforts towards “winning the peace.”
Land and Freedom
Authors: Vergara-Camus Leandro 
Published: January 2021

The Zapatistas of Chiapas and the Landless Rural Workers' Movement (MST) of Brazil are often celebrated as shining examples in the global struggle against neoliberalism. But what have these movements achieved for their members in more than two decades of resistance and can any of these achievements realistically contribute to the rise of a viable alternative?
Through a perfect balance of grassroots testimonies, participative observation and consideration of key debates in development studies, agrarian political economy, historical sociology and critical political economy, Land and Freedom compares, for the first time, the Zapatista and MST movements.
Casting a spotlight on their resistance to globalizing market forces, Vergara-Camus gets to the heart of how these movements organize themselves and how territorial control, politicization and empowerment of their membership and the decommodification of social relations are key to understanding their radical development potential.
South Africa’s Insurgent Citizens
Authors: Brown Julian 
Published: January 2021

Twenty years on from South Africa’s first democratic election, the post-apartheid political order is more fractured, and more fractious, than ever before. Police violence seems the order of the day — whether in response to a protest in Ficksburg or a public meeting outside a mine in Marikana. For many, this has signalled the end of the South African dream. Politics, they declare, is the preserve of the corrupt, the self-interested, the incompetent and the violent. They are wrong.
Julian Brown argues that a new kind of politics can be seen on the streets and in the courtrooms of the country. This politics is made by a new kind of citizen — one that is neither respectful nor passive, but instead insurgent. The collapse of the dream of a consensus politics is not a cause for despair. South Africa's political order is fractured, and in its cracks new forms of activity, new leaders and new movements are emerging.
Today We Drop Bombs, Tomorrow We Build Bridges
Authors: Gill Peter 
Published: January 2021

An indispensible inquiry into our moral health and humanity.'
LSE Review of Books
The war on terror has politicised foreign aid as never before. Aid workers are being killed at an alarming rate and civilians in war-torn countries abandoned to their fate.
From the ravaged streets of Mogadishu to the unending struggle in Helmand, Peter Gill travels to some of the most conflict-stricken places on earth to reveal the true relationship between the aid business and Western security. While some agencies have clung to their neutrality against ever stiffer odds, others have compromised their impartiality to secure the flow of official funds.
In a world where the advance of Islamic State constitutes the gravest affront to humanitarian practice and principle the aid community has faced in decades, Gill poses the crucial question – can Western nations fight in a country and aid it at the same time?
Uzbekistan and the United States
Authors: Akbarzadeh Shahram 
Published: January 2021

Uzbekistan, the most strategically situated Central Asian country, has exhibited the most appalling record on human rights and democratic reforms. Yet, post-September 11, a transformation in US policy has suddenly taken place: US troops are now stationed there; Washington has put the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan on its list of terrorist organizations; and the Bush administration has promised to triple aid to President Karimov’s highly authoritarian regime.
This unique study explores the central question from a longer-term Uzbek point of view: to what extent are closer ties between Washington and Tashkent contributing to political reforms inside Uzbekistan? Dr Akbarzadeh describes political events since independence, including the emergence of a radical Islamic opposition. He analyses how September 11 has catalysed a transformation in Washington’s attitude as it perceived a common Islamic enemy, and he examines the possible beginnings of a retreat from Soviet-style politics.
Characteristics of matrix metalloproteinases and their role in embryogenesis of the mammalian respiratory system
Authors: Wątroba Sławomir , Wiśniowski Tomasz , Bryda Jarosław , Kurzepa Jacek 
Published: January 2021

Summary
The human respiratory system appears as an outgrowth from the ventral wall of the primary foregut and its development includes a series of subsequent processes, dependent on the interactions between endothelial cells, respiratory epithelium and extracellular matrix (ECM). These interactions determine the acquisition of normal structural and functional features of the newly created tissues. The essential role in the morphogenesis of the respiratory system is performed by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMPs are endopeptidases containing zinc ion in their active center, necessary for the processes of hydrolysis of peptide bonds of substrates. The production of MMPs takes place in most connective tissue cells, leukocytes, macrophages, vascular endothelial cells as well as in neurons, glial cells and in tumor cells. Like other proteolytic enzymes, MMPs are produced and secreted in the form of inactive pro-enzymes, and their activation occurs in the extracellular space. MMPs perform both physiological and pathological functions during tissue modeling and their role in embryogenesis is based on the regulation of angiogenesis processes, stroma formation and cells migration. This article aims to characterize, discuss and demonstrate the activity and the role of MMPs in the subsequent stages of respiratory development.
Castor (Ricinus communis): An Underutilized Oil Crop in the South East Asia
Authors: Chakrabarty Swapan , Kalam Mohammad Aminul Islam Abul , Yaakob Zahira , Kalam Mohammad Mominul Islam Abul 
Published: January 2021

Castor belongs to a monotypic genus Ricinus and subtribe Ricininae. It is one of the oldest plants, getting importance as an agricultural crop for subtropical and tropical countries in the world. Castor is a hardy plant, requires low input, tolerates marginal soils, is easy to establish in the field, is resistant to drought, and gives yield 350–900 kg oil per hectare. Castor oil shows great functional value in energy sector, industry, and pharmaceutical. In recent years, it received increasing demand in the international market for its more than 700 uses, ranging from medicine and cosmetics to biodiesel, plastic, and lubricants. The oil is significant for many industrial uses compared with other oils from plant sources because of its high and low temperature-tolerant properties. This chapter has been written to provide botanical descriptions, ecology, agro-technology, and versatile industrial uses.
Interkulturní komunikační kompetence v odborné francouzštině – vybrané výsledky pilotního šetření
Authors: Delalande Hana 
Published: January 2021

The present study treats the methodology and pilot research of a PhD thesis on development of intercultural communication competence in teaching of French for specific purposes and preparation of university students for international internships. Focus is put on the description of the qualitative research design, grounded theory method, the pilot research, data analysis, but also on the reflexivity of the pilot research results and its implication for furthers steps of the research
Analytic Solutions of the Rotating and Stratified Hydrodynamical Equations
Authors: Barna Imre F. , Mátyás L. 
Published: January 2021

In this article we investigate the two-dimensional incompressible rotating and stratified, just rotating, just stratified Euler equations, comparing with each other and with the normal Euler equations with the self-similar Ansatz. The motivation of our study is the following the presented rotating stratified fluid equations can be interpreted as a well-established starting point of various more complex and more realistic meteorologic, oceanographic or geographic models. We present analytic solutions for all four models for density, pressure and velocity fields, most of them are some kind of power-law type of functions. In general the presented solutions have a rich mathematical structure. Some solutions show nonphysical explosive properties others, however are physically acceptable and have finite numerical values with power law decays. For a better transparency we present some figs for the most complicated velocity and pressure fields. To our knowledge there are no such analytic results available in the literature till today. Our results may attract attention in various scientific fields.