bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilingual, Black, Indigenous, and People of Color teacher candidates' translanguaging selves: Working with their multilingual assets and identities as future elementary science teachers
Authors: Venegas‐Weber Patricia , Thompson Jessica 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how racially and linguistically just teacher education programs (TEPs) support the identity(ies) and translanguaging stances taken up by bilingual Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) teacher candidates (TCs) in their professional lives is important both for their development as teachers and for teacher preparation more broadly. Drawing on assignments, classroom observations, interviews, and data from professional learning community (PLC) meetings for three BIPOC dual language bilingual education TCs, this qualitative case study sheds light on translanguaging stance development and the intersecting identities that emerge for these TCs as they learn to teach through the theoretical lenses of translanguaging and raciolinguicized subjectivity. Findings show how the TEP learning contexts supported the development of bilingual BIPOC TCs' translanguaging stances as a critical part of their professional identities as linguistically justice‐oriented science teachers. We argue that their translanguaging stance is a new way of being multilingual and is central to building an elementary science classroom culture with and for multilingual students. This study underscores how bilingual BIPOC TCs' prior knowledge and identities can be leveraged in teacher education and K‐12 classrooms to develop their translanguaging selves. It also supports robust pedagogical preparation and linguistic justice through multilingual transpositioning of science identities.
Secondary Prophylaxis of Cirrhotic Gastric Variceal Bleeding: Addition of Non‐Selective Beta‐Blockers to Endoscopic Combined Treatment
Authors: Wu Ling , Huang Xiaoquan , Li Feng , Jiang Siyu , Ni Liyuan , Ai Yingjie , Schuppan Detlef , Chen Shiyao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIt remains unclear whether the addition of non‐selective beta‐blockers (NSBB) provides further benefit after combined use of tissue adhesive and endoscopic variceal ligation for bleeding gastroesophageal varices.ObjectiveThis is the first cohort study comparing the secondary prophylactic efficacy of adding NSBB to combined endoscopic treatment in cirrhotic patients with gastric varices (without inclusion of isolated gastric varices [IGVs], which are rare in patients with cirrhosis without splanchnic thrombosis).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed two matched large cohorts of cirrhotic patients with gastric varices who received combined endoscopic treatment and were assigned to receive NSBB treatment or not as secondary prophylaxis. Further sub‐analyses were performed. The 5‐year overall survival and rebleeding rates were compared.ResultsA total of 490 patients were enrolled, 130 of whom took NSBB. After propensity score matching (PSM), both groups comprised 130 patients. No significant difference between the NSBB and non‐NSBB groups was observed regarding 5‐year survival (87.40% vs. 83.64%, HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.33–1.17), while NSBB decreased the 5‐year rebleeding rate from 45.7% to 30.64% (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.39–0.82). The same was true when comparing the 2 groups after PSM. NSBB (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.37–0.79) and splenectomy (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44–0.96) independently reduced rebleeding but did not affect survival. In patients without splenectomy, NSBB treatment improved survival (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21–0.89) and reduced rebleeding (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.34–0.78).ConclusionWe show for the first time that adding NSBB to combined endoscopic therapy significantly reduced recurrent variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients but did not improve overall survival, except for patients without splenectomy. The addition of NSBB for patients receiving combined endoscopic treatment of gastroesophageal varices provides benefits but does not prolong overall survival.
Structure, Attachment and Transmembrane Internalisation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus
Authors: Zou Hong , Niu Zheng , Cheng Peng , Wu Chunxia , Li Wenjie , Luo Gan , Huang Shilei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPeste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), a single‐stranded negative‐sense RNA virus with an envelope, belongs to the Morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family and is prevalent worldwide. PPRV infection causes fever, stomatitis, diarrhoea, pneumonia, abortion and other symptoms in small ruminants, with a high mortality rate that poses a significant threat to the sustainability and productivity of the small ruminant livestock sector. The PPRV virus particles have a diameter of approximately 400–500 nm and are composed of six structural proteins: nucleocapsid protein (N), phosphoprotein (P), envelope matrix protein (M), fusion protein (F), haemagglutinin protein (H) and large protein (L). Each protein has a distinct role in the virus's life cycle. Although the life cycle activities of PPRV have been widely reported, they are still limited. Research has demonstrated that PPRV has distinct adhesion factors on various cell surfaces, such as the epithelial cell adhesion factor nectin‐4 or the lymphocyte adhesion factor SLAM. After attaching to the cell, the F and H proteins on the PPRV membrane interact with each other, resulting in a conformational change in the F protein. This change allows the F protein to enter the cell through direct fusion with the host cell membrane. The virus enters the host cell via the outer vesicle endocytosis strategy and replicates and proliferates through the role of caveolin, actin, dynein and cholesterol on the host cell membrane. This review summarises the viral structure, attachment mechanism and transmembrane internalisation mechanism of PPRV. The aim of this review is to provide theoretical support for the development of PPRV inhibitors and the prevention and control of PPR.
Prevalence of Cystic Echinococcosis in Sheep and Goats of Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Fayisa Wakgari Oljira , Sarba Edilu Jorga , Borena Bizunesh Mideksa , Gebremedhin Endrias Zewdu , Tola Getachew Kebebew 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCystic echinococcosis (CE) is a cestode infection of significant public health and economic importance. A systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence of small ruminant CE and associated risk factors in Ethiopia. The published literature written in English from 01 January 2000 to 30 December 2019 was searched from electronic databases and eligible reports that fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 1140 records were identified, of which 23 reports met the eligibility criteria. A random‐effects meta‐analysis model was used to pool the prevalence estimations, and a subgroup meta‐analysis was utilized to compare the pooled prevalence of CE among the species, age group and sex of the studied animals. The pooled estimated small ruminant CE prevalence was 20.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.7, 22.3) in Ethiopia, and there was significant heterogeneity among the studies (p < 0.05). The pooled prevalence was higher for sheep, 24.3% (18.5, 30.1), compared to goats, 18.5% (14.5, 22.6), and in adults than young animals. The results of the present analysis suggested a high prevalence of CE at the national level. CE has a significant economic impact due to organ condemnation and production losses and poses a serious public health risk. Effective control requires public awareness, improved slaughterhouse practices, stray dog population management and integrated surveillance and control programmes involving veterinary, public health and environmental sectors. Such synthesis reports are believed to be useful in influencing policymakers towards designing effective prevention and control policies and strategies.
First in‐Vacuum In Situ X‐AFM/XRF/STXM Soft X‐Rays Combination Measurements and Characterization
Authors: Hafner Aljoša , Costa Luca , Kourousias George , Dobovičnik Edvard , Cautero Marco , Gregorat Leonardo , Žižić Milan , Bonanni Valentina , Cautero Giuseppe , Gianoncelli Alessandra 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis manuscript details the advancements in developing a unique multimodal imaging setup, specifically the integration of X‐AFM on a synchrotron beamline that currently combines STXM and XRF. This triplet configuration operates within the soft x‐ray regime (< 2.5 keV) and necessitates high vacuum instrumentation, targeting sub‐micrometric applications with nanometric precision. Building on a previously successful prototype, the paper presents the current setup, the challenges encountered, and the solutions implemented. Additionally, it highlights significant custom developments in specialized electronics that enabled practical utilization of the new instrument. In particular, multiple samples, including asbestos fibers from a broader high‐impact research project, were measured and characterized in situ for the first time. The overall performance is critically evaluated through an ex‐situ comparison with a commercial single‐modality AFM system. Finally, the manuscript discusses the roadmap for future advancements in related instrumentation, methods, and applications.
Theoretischer Bezugsrahmen
Authors: Schlachter Sabrina 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungFür die theoretische und begriffliche Annäherung an den Untersuchungsgegenstand sind drei Teile nötig. Für die Auseinandersetzung mit medienbezogenen Bildungsprozessen in Paarbeziehungen muss erstens der bildungstheoretische Bezug dieser Arbeit erläutert werden. Hierzu wird die strukturale Bildungstheorie nach Marotzki vorgestellt. Zweitens findet eine Auseinandersetzung mit dem Ausdruck medienbezogene Bildungsprozesse statt. Dafür werden die Begriffe Medien und Medialität erläutert. Im Anschluss daran wird das Begriffsverständnis von medienbezogenen Bildungsprozessen in der Arbeit formuliert. Weiterhin wird das auf der strukturalen Bildungstheorie aufbauende Konzept strukturale Medienbildung skizziert. Drittens wird der Begriff Paarbeziehung betrachtet. Hierzu werden theoretische Rahmungen und begriffliche Definitionen erörtert.
Methodologischer Bezugsrahmen – Grounded Theory Methodologie
Authors: Schlachter Sabrina 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird der methodologische und methodische Bezugsrahmen für die Empirie dieser Arbeit ausgearbeitet und begründet. Es werden die Grounded Theory Methodologie samt Varianten vorgestellt sowie ihre Auswahl und die Wahl der spezifischen Variante begründet. Anschließend werden zentrale Elemente der Methodologie vorgestellt. Für die Datenerhebung ist das Vorgehen des theoretical Samplings leitend und wird teilweise parallel zur Erhebung und zur Auswertung vollzogen. Bei der Auswertung werden die Kodierprozeduren zirkulär angewendet, um eine Grounded Theory aus dem Datenmaterial zu entwickeln und diese im Entwicklungsprozess kontinuierlich zu überprüfen und zu verfeinern. Als Heuristik zur Theorieentwicklung dient das Kodierparadigma. Bei der Auswertung werden Techniken zur Steigerung der theoretischen Sensibilität genutzt und der Einbezug theoretischen Vorwissens reflektiert. Über den gesamten Forschungsprozess hinweg werden Memos geschrieben, mithilfe derer die gegenstandsbezogene Theorie ausformuliert wird. Zuletzt werden die bei einer Grounded-Theory-Studie zu berücksichtigen Gütekriterien aufgeführt.
Characterization and optimization of cutting depth in passive-compliant robotic belt grinding
Authors: Torres-Izu Ramon , Aginaga Jokin , Mata Sara , Barrenetxea David , Inziarte Ibai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRobotic belt grinding offers numerous advantages, such as operational versatility and the ability to work in complex spaces. Its implementation in the modern industry aims to surpass manual grinding tasks and enhance overall productivity. Among these processes, compliant techniques offer adaptive solutions, where the tool can adapt to complex surfaces, besides providing more efficient grinding solutions for industrial applications. This paper focuses on an easy characterization of the cutting depth in a robotic belt grinding application using a portable passive-compliant tool. To this end, a cutting depth belt grinding model based on process parameters is presented. Experimental tests are conducted to correlate the depth of material removal with the belt wear behavior and analysis on Inconel 718 specimens. Then, the solution presented is validated through additional tests. Furthermore, the model is utilized for a productivity optimization that takes into account the belt wear, searching for optimal process variables that minimize cycle time.
Neurosonographie an der Stroke Unit – ein Update
Authors: Haidegger Melanie , Kneihsl Markus 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der Einsatz der Neurosonographie ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der Routineabklärung nach ischämischem Schlaganfall. Als einfach anzuwendende Bedside-Untersuchung kann diese direkt in der Akutaufnahme/an der Stroke Unit durchgeführt werden, wobei drei Domänen zu nennen sind: 1) Okklusionsprozesse der hirnversorgenden Gefäße: Abgesehen von der Detektion hochgradiger Stenosen und von Verschlüssen eignet sich der Ultraschall hervorragend dazu, die Oberfläche und Echogenität atherosklerotischer Plaques der hirnversorgenden Gefäße zu beurteilen. So können Risikoplaques identifiziert werden, die unabhängig vom Stenosegrad mit dem Auftreten von Schlaganfällen assoziiert sind. 2) Zerebrale Hämodynamik nach Gefäßrekanalisation: Die mechanische Thrombektomie hat das Ergebnis von Schlaganfallpatient:innen mit Großgefäßverschluss maßgeblich verbessert. Etwa ein Drittel dieser Patient:innen weist Störungen der zerebralen Hämodynamik auf. Beispielhaft sei das Hyperperfusionssyndrom zu nennen, das mit einem erhöhten Risiko für Infarkteinblutungen verbunden ist. Der Einsatz des transkraniellen Ultraschalls ermöglicht es, derartige Veränderungen frühzeitig zu erkennen und im Rahmen einer individualisierten Behandlung zu berücksichtigen. 3) Rechts-Links-Shunt-Diagnostik: Bei Patient:innen unter 60 Jahren mit kortikalen Infarkten und unauffälliger Routineabklärung sollte nach einem Rechts-Links-Shunt in Form eines persistierenden Foramen ovale gesucht werden. Der transkranielle Ultraschall eignet sich durch seine hohe Sensitivität als hervorragendes Screening-Instrument zur Diagnostik des Rechts-Links-Shunts.
The Use of HIV Prevention Strategies and Services Reported by Black Women with a Risk for and with HIV in the United States
Authors: Reaves Toria , Lewis Rashunda , Dasgupta Sharoda , Lyons Shacara Johnson , Tie Yunfeng , Nair Priya , Carree Tamara , Hu Xiaohong , Raiford Jerris L. , Marcus Ruthanne 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Black women are disproportionately affected by HIV. We analyzed data from two Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s HIV surveillance systems to better understand HIV prevention strategies used by Black women at risk for and with HIV to help inform efforts to end HIV. Among sexually active Black women, we analyzed 2019 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance data on women without HIV (n = 4,033) and 2018–2020 Medical Monitoring Project data on women with HIV (n = 967). We reported percentages of HIV prevention strategies and services used and assessed differences between groups using Rao-Scott chi-square tests. Among Black women without HIV, 39% were aware of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP); of these, 7% discussed PrEP with a healthcare provider, and 1% used PrEP in the past 12 months. Approximately 16% used a condom with their last sex partner; 36% reported that their last sex partner did not have HIV. Among Black women with HIV, 58% had condom-protected sex, 56% reported having sex while having sustained viral suppression, 3% had condomless sex with a partner on PrEP, and 24% had sex with a partner with HIV; 12% engaged in sex without using any HIV prevention strategy. HIV prevention strategies and services differed by selected demographic characteristics and social determinants of health. Although many sexually active Black women reported using HIV prevention strategies, there is room for improvement among those at risk for or with HIV. Tailoring prevention efforts based on individual needs and circumstances is essential for ending the HIV epidemic.
Personalized multifactorial risk assessment in neoadjuvant-treated breast carcinoma
Authors: Korpinen K. , Autere T. A. , Tuominen J. , Löyttyniemi E. , Eigeliene N. , Talvinen K. , Kronqvist P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Due to biological heterogeneity of breast carcinoma, predicting the individual response to neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) is complex. Consequently, there are no comprehensive, generally accepted practices to guide post-treatment follow-up. We present clinical and histopathological criteria to advance the prediction of disease outcome in NA-treated breast cancer.

Methods
A retrospective consecutive cohort of 257 NA-treated Finnish breast cancer patients with up to 13-year follow-up and the corresponding tissue samples of pre- and post-NAT breast and metastatic specimen were evaluated for prognostic impacts. All relevant clinical and biomarker characteristics potentially correlated with tumor response to NAT, course of disease, or outcome of breast cancer were included in the statistical analyses.

Results
The results highlight the intensified characterization of distinguished prognostic factors and previously overlooked histological features, e.g., mitotic and apoptotic activity. Particularly, decreased PR indicated 3.8-fold (CI 1.9–7.4, p = 0.0001) mortality risk, and a > 10.5-year shorter survival for the majority, > 75% of patients (Q1). Clinically applicable prognostic factors both preceding and following NAT were identified and compiled into heat maps to quantify mortality and recurrence risks. Combinations of risk factors for aggressive disease were exemplified as an interactive tool (bcnatreccalc.utu.fi) to illustrate the spectrum of disease outcomes.

Conclusion
The results emphasize the value of comprehensive evaluation of conventional patient and biomarker characteristics, especially concerning re-assessment of biomarkers, risk-adapted surveillance, and personalized treatment strategies. Future personalized NA-treatment strategies might benefit from models combining risk-adapted surveillance data and post-NAT re-assessed biomarkers.
Control of Cardiac Output with Ivabradine or Beta-Blockers for Refractory Hypoxemia under Veno-Venous ECMO for Severe ARDS
Authors: Masi Paul , Tchatat Wangueu Lionel , Bagate François , Plesa Alexandra , Folliguet Thierry , Mekontso Dessap Armand 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Hypoxemia is a risk factor for mortality and long-term neuropsychological impairment during severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is a potential treatment for such cases but may not suffice. We aimed to evaluate the effects of pharmacological interventions for cardiac output (CO) control using ivabradine or beta-blockers for refractory hypoxemia during VV-ECMO.

Methods
The study involved retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with severe ARDS who underwent VV-ECMO at a tertiary university hospital between March 2020 and May 2022. Patients with refractory hypoxemia under VV-ECMO were included. Pharmacological interventions included ivabradine and/or short half-life beta-blockers. The primary endpoint was the change in ECMO flow/CO ratio and secondary endpoints were changes in macrocirculation (mean arterial pressure), oxygenation [arterial saturation (SaO2) and oxygen transport (DO2)] and tissue hypoxia (lactate levels).

Results
Out of 70 patients on VV-ECMO, ten had refractory hypoxemia under VV-ECMO and received pharmacological interventions to control CO. The ECMO flow/CO ratio significantly increased with pharmacological intervention overall (from 60% [50–66] to 69% [61–81], p = 0.02), as well as with beta-blockers or ivabradine individually. However, DO2 decreased, especially with beta-blockers and to some extent with ivabradine. There were no reported immediate adverse events, and lactate levels remained below the anaerobic threshold.

Conclusion
Ivabradine and beta-blockers were clinically well-tolerated and improved the ECMO flow/CO ratio in patients with refractory hypoxemia during VV-ECMO. However, the improvement of arterial oxygenation was associated with decreased DO2.
Superhydrophilic self-cleaning cotton fabric with enhanced antibacterial and UV protection properties
Authors: Pakdel Esfandiar , Daoud Walid A. , Kashi Sima , Parvinzadeh Gashti Mazeyar , Wang Xungai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A multifunctional cotton fabric with superior photocatalytic self-cleaning, antibacterial activity and UV protection was prepared through treatment with TiO2/Pt/SiO2 colloid, clarifying the influence of coating formulation on these functionalities. The photocatalytic activity of coated fabrics under UV and white-fluorescent light was tested and synergistic effects of Pt and silica in enhancing the self-cleaning property of fabrics were demonstrated. Various molar ratios of Pt:Ti (0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%) and Ti:Si (50/50 and 30/70) were utilised in synthesising the colloids. The self-cleaning performance of fabrics was assessed through monitoring coffee stain removal efficiency and methylene blue (MB) dye degradation kinetics. The results demonstrated an effective photocatalytic self-cleaning property on fabrics coated with TiO2/Pt/SiO2 colloids. Increasing the concentrations of Pt and silica both contributed to enhancing the self-cleaning property. The fabric coated with ternary TiO2/Pt/SiO2 30/1/70 colloid resulted in 43.5% higher MB dye removal compared with pure TiO2 after 3h irradiation under visible light. Moreover, the fabrics containing Pt 1% dopant possessed excellent bactericidal activity against both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria, regardless of the presence of silica. While the addition of silica slightly reduced the UV protection of coated fabrics, increasing the concentration of Pt to 1% increased the protection level to 45 + . Various characterisation techniques including SEM, XPS, XRD, and TEM were employed to study the Pt-doping of TiO2 nanoparticles, as well as the effect of Pt concentration, superhydrophilicity of silica, and the chemical composition of coatings on the functionalities of fabrics.
A Structured L-BFGS Method with Diagonal Scaling and Its Application to Image Registration
Authors: Mannel Florian , Aggrawal Hari Om 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We devise an L-BFGS method for optimization problems in which the objective is the sum of two functions, where the Hessian of the first function is computationally unavailable while the Hessian of the second function has a computationally available approximation that allows for cheap matrix–vector products. This is a prototypical setting for many inverse problems. The proposed L-BFGS method exploits the structure of the objective to construct a more accurate Hessian approximation than in standard L-BFGS. In contrast with existing works on structured L-BFGS, we choose the first part of the seed matrix, which approximates the Hessian of the first function, as a diagonal matrix rather than a multiple of the identity. We derive two suitable formulas for the coefficients of the diagonal matrix and show that this boosts performance on real-life image registration problems, which are highly non-convex inverse problems. The new method converges globally and linearly on non-convex problems under mild assumptions in a general Hilbert space setting, making it applicable to a broad class of inverse problems. An implementation of the method is freely available.