bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of nurse preceptors on a web‐based clinical pedagogy program and clinical teaching: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Rodrigues Natalie Grace , Han Claudia Qin Yun , Devi Kamala M. , Chi Yuchen , Selvam Umadevi Panneer , Wee Fong Chi , Ang Emily Neo Kim , Chan Yah Shih , Wu Xi Vivien 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNurse preceptors are key stakeholders in providing quality clinical education. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of nurse preceptors on a web‐based clinical pedagogy program and clinical teaching. A descriptive qualitative design was adopted. The program was made accessible to the nurse preceptors who were assigned nursing students from July 2019 to June 2020. Upon completion of clinical teaching, a total of 19 nurse preceptors participated in four focus group discussions. The discussions were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis was conducted. Five themes, with 11 subthemes, emerged: (i) Undergoing the process of self‐awareness and development; (ii) Mastering newly acquired skills to refine own teaching approach; (iii) Implementing consistent evaluation and constructive feedback; (iv) Dual roles and responsibilities of preceptor; and (v) Benefits and barriers of the program. This study highlighted the knowledge and skills preceptors gained through the program which gave them newfound confidence and facilitated their clinical teaching and evaluation. As the shift towards online learning progresses, web‐based learning can be a useful platform for professional development of nurse preceptors.
Supporting residential aged care through aCommunityofPractice
Authors: Hullick Carolyn , Conway Jane , Barker Roslyn , Hewitt Jacqueline , Darcy Leigh , Attia John 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTransfers to emergency departments and hospitalizations are common for older people living in residential aged care who experience acute deterioration. This paper shares reflections from 10 years of work across a region in New South Wales, Australia, to develop a new model of care in 141 residential aged care homes. The model successfully reduced emergency department transfers and admissions to hospital. Using an exemplar patient case, the paper describes the Aged Care Emergency Program and associated research outputs. An interprofessional, multiagency Community of Practice supported this work. The authors reflect on the successes and challenges of using a Community of Practice to implement the model of care. We conclude that the Community of Practice, with its iterative evaluation, facilitated change and provided a mechanism for interprofessional practice. Broader systemic change requires clarity in goals of care, shared decision‐making, working across sectors, and appropriate resource allocation.
In planta vs viral expression of HCPro affects its binding of nonplant 21–22 nucleotide small RNAs, but not its preference for 5′‐terminal adenines, or its effects on small RNA methylation
Authors: del Toro Francisco , Sun Hao , Robinson Carmen , Jiménez Álvaro , Covielles Eva , Higuera Tomás , Aguilar Emmanuel , Tenllado Francisco , Canto Tomás 
Published: December 2021

Summary

Previous studies have found a correlation between the abilities of PVX vector‐expressed HCPro variants to bind small RNAs (sRNAs), and to suppress silencing. Moreover, HCPro preferred to bind viral sRNAs of 21–22 nucleotides (nt) containing 5′‐terminal adenines. This would require such viral sRNAs to have either different access to the suppressor than those of plant sequences, or different molecular properties.

To investigate this preference further, we have used suppressor‐competent or suppressor‐deficient HCPro variants, expressed from either T‐DNAs or potyvirus constructs. Then, the sRNAs generated in plants and associated with the purified HCPro variants were characterized.

Marked differences were observed in the ratios of sRNAs of plant vs nonplant origin that bound to suppressor‐competent HCPro, depending on the mode of its expression. Regardless of the means of expression, HCPro retained the same preference among the nonplant sRNAs of 21–22 nt for those with 5′‐terminal adenines. Relative methylation levels of individual sRNAs were assessed, and the nonplant sRNAs were found to be significantly less methylated in the presence of the suppressor.

Targeted binding of sRNAs based on size, 5′‐terminal sequence and origin, together with affecting their methylation, could explain how HCPro counteracts silencing.
The ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Laccaria bicolor releases a GH28 polygalacturonase that plays a key role in symbiosis establishment
Authors: Zhang Feng , Labourel Aurore , Haon Mireille , Kemppainen Minna , Da Silva Machado Emilie , Brouilly Nicolas , Veneault‐Fourrey Claire , Kohler Annegret , Rosso Marie‐Noëlle , Pardo Alejandro , Henrissat Bernard , Berrin Jean‐Guy , Martin Francis 
Published: December 2021

Summary

In ectomycorrhiza, root penetration and colonization of the intercellular space by symbiotic hyphae is thought to rely on the mechanical force that results from hyphal tip growth, enhanced by the activity of secreted cell‐wall‐degrading enzymes.

Here, we characterize the biochemical properties of the symbiosis‐induced polygalacturonase LbGH28A from the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor. The transcriptional regulation of LbGH28A was measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The biological relevance of LbGH28A was confirmed by generating RNA interference (RNAi)‐silenced LbGH28A mutants. We localized the LbGH28A protein by immunofluorescence confocal and immunogold cytochemical microscopy in poplar ectomycorrhizal roots.

Quantitative PCR confirmed the induced expression of LbGH28A during ectomycorrhiza formation. Laccaria bicolor RNAi mutants have a lower ability to establish ectomycorrhiza, confirming the key role of this enzyme in symbiosis. The purified recombinant LbGH28A has its highest activity towards pectin and polygalacturonic acid. In situ localization of LbGH28A indicates that this endopolygalacturonase is located in both fungal and plant cell walls at the symbiotic hyphal front.

These findings suggest that the symbiosis‐induced pectinase LbGH28A is involved in the Hartig net formation and is an important determinant for successful symbiotic colonization.
Effect of Artificial Tiger Bone Powder (Jintiange Capsule®) on Vertebral Height Ratio, Cobb's Angle, Bone Mineral Density, and Visual Analog Score
Authors: Shu Long‐jun , Zhang Ji‐yuan 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of Jintiange capsule on acute bone atrophy (vertebral height, Cobb's angle, bone mineral density, and visual analog score (VAS) in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.MethodsA total of 106 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were selected and randomly divided into study and control group. Vertebral height ratio (VHR), Cobb's angle, bone mineral density (BMD), and VAS analyses were performed as study indexes. The study was performed from January 2019 to December 2019 as a double‐blind, randomized, controlled trial and all the participants were blinded throughout the study. There were 24 males and 29 females in the study group, with 14 cases of thoracic fractures and 39 cases of lumbar fractures. The age was 61–75 years, with an average of 67.5 ± 2.7 years, and the course of disease was 1–9 days, with an average of 2.7 ± 0.5 days. There were 22 males and 31 females in the control group, with 17 cases of thoracic fractures and 36 cases of lumbar fractures. Patients in the control group received conventional postoperative treatment, while patients in the study group were treated with Jintiange capsule. The treatment continued for 3 months. The ages of the participants were from 60 to 70 years, while the average ages of both groups were 67 ± 2.8 years and the study recruited participants of both sexes.ResultsThe clinical efficacy, vertebral imaging indexes before and after treatment, as well as pain and daily activity dysfunction scores were compared. The effect of the Jintiange capsule was followed for 3 months and both the groups were compared. The total effective score of the study group was significantly increased (90.6%) in contrast to the control group (67.9) and the P value was less than the 0.5. The vertebral height and bone mineral density of the study group was significantly improved compared to the control group (P < 0.034) using t‐test. However, the Cobb's angle of the study group was significantly (P < 0.047) lower than the control group using t‐test after the treatment. On the other hand, the VAS score and Oswestry score of the study group were significantly lower than control group at 1 month and 3 months after treatment (P < 0.05). There was no significance difference (all P > 0.05) in term of gender and ages in both the recruited groups.ConclusionIt can be concluded that Jintiange capsule can significantly improve the clinical efficacy rate, vertebral height, Cobb's angle, and bone mineral density, pain relief, and daily activity function.
A new proteid salamander (Urodela, Proteidae) from the middle Miocene of Hambach (Germany) and implications for the evolution of the family
Authors: Macaluso Loredana , Villa Andrea , Mörs Thomas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMembers of the urodele family Proteidae currently account for eight extant species within two genera and at least four extinct species within three genera. The clade has a clear disjunct geographical range, with the extinctParanecturusand the extantNecturusin North America and the extinctMioproteusand the extantProteusin Europe and Asia. A recent phylogenetic analysis supported a Eurasian clade including both fossil and living species found east of the Atlantic Ocean. However, the finding of a new proteid salamander, herein namedEuronecturus grogu, from the Miocene of western Germany sheds new light on the evolution of this family, challenging the idea of all Eurasian members of the group deriving from a single lineage separated from the North American ones at least prior to the Oligocene. This new proteid taxon is based on five isolated atlases found in late Orleanian (MN 5) sediments in Hambach 6C, and displays features that are unknown in any other proteid, such as the presence of secondary dorsal crests, small and posteriorly‐directed postzygapophyses, and (in at least some specimens) a wide and deep ventral fossa between the anterior cotyles. A phylogenetic analysis recovered the new taxon in an early‐branching position within Proteidae, sister to all other proteids but the late MaastrichtianParanecturus. It thus suggests the presence in Europe of a second proteid lineage, currently known only in the middle Miocene, that appears unrelated to theMioproteus–Proteusclade.
Zoonotic transmission of hepatitis E virus in a pig farmer from Argentina: A case report
Authors: Acosta Julián , Galimberti Alceo , Marziali Federico , Costaguta Alejandro , Bessone Fernando , Tanno Hugo , Gardiol Daniela , Reggiardo María Virginia , Cavatorta Ana Laura 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHepatitis E virus (HEV) is a public health concern due to its zoonotic transmission to human, being pigs a highly recognized reservoir. We previously demonstrated HEV genotype 3 infections in pig herds from the highest commercial active region from Argentina. Here, we present a case of acute symptomatic hepatitis E in an elderly man with occupational exposure to pigs who referred regular consumption of pork and sausages. HEV infection in this patient was demonstrated by serological methods, as well as by HEV RNA detection in serum and stool samples using the HEV/MS2 duplex RT‐qPCR, formerly optimized in our laboratory. We further detected HEV RNA in pig faeces from the patient´s farm. To confirm the potential role of swine in the transmission, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of all HEV RNA derived from both, the patient and the pig samples. A 303 nt region within the HEV 5 'ORF2 was amplified by nested RT‐PCR and subsequently sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the strains isolated from the farmer and from his pigs presented a nucleotide identity of 100%. These results support the zoonotic transmission of circulating HEV strains and confirm this epidemiological association for the first time in Argentina.
Quality of life and symptom experience measurement tools in adults with atrial fibrillation: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Risom Signe S. , Nørgaard Marianne W. , Streur Megan M. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify and map measurement tools for evaluating disease-specific quality of life and symptoms in adults with atrial fibrillation. The review will also identify key concepts that differentiate quality of life from symptom experience.

Introduction:
Quality of life is a broad concept influenced by physical health, psychological state, degree of independence, and social/functional status. Symptoms of a chronic disease may influence quality of life through their effect on an individual's perception of physical health. Symptom experience is distinct from quality of life; however, the distinction is ill-defined, resulting in conceptual overlap in the measurement tools used to assess these concepts in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Inclusion criteria:
Included manuscripts will describe a scale, index, questionnaire, checklist, or other form of measurement tool designed to assess quality of life or symptom experience in adults with atrial fibrillation or supraventricular arrhythmia. Peer-reviewed research manuscripts and systematic reviews, gray literature, and conceptual/theoretical papers will be included.

Methods:
The review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Embase will be searched, as well as Google Scholar, MedNar, and OpenGrey. Articles will be considered if they are published in English, Danish, Swedish, or Norwegian, with no date limitation. The title and abstract of each article will be independently screened by two authors, followed by full-text review of remaining articles, according to the inclusion criteria. Data will be independently extracted by two authors using a data extraction tool.
Interadministrator Reliability of a Modified Instrumented Push and Release Test of Reactive Balance
Authors: Morris Amanda , Fino Nora F. , Pelo Ryan , Kreter Nicholas , Cassidy Benjamin , Dibble Leland E. , Fino Peter C. 
Published: December 2021

Context: Traditional assessments of reactive balance require sophisticated instrumentation to ensure objective, highly repeatable paradigms. This instrumentation is clinically impractical. The Push and Release test (P&R) is a well-validated clinical test that examines reactive balance, and the application of wearable inertial measurement units (IMU) enables sensitive and objective assessment of this clinically feasible test. The P&R relies on administrator experience and may be susceptible to interadministration reliability concerns. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interadministrator reliability of objective outcomes from an instrumented, modified version of the P&R test. Design: Crossover interadministrator design. Methods: Twenty healthy adults (20–35 y) completed the P&R in 4 directions with 2 different administrators. Measures quantified using IMUs included step latency, step length, and time to stability. Lean angle (LA) at release was used as a measure of administration consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) estimate was used to assess interadministrator reliability in each direction. To determine consistency of LA within and across administrators, we calculated the SDs for each rater by direction and the interadministrator reliability of LA using ICC. Results: Across individual directions, the ICC for agreement between raters ranged from .16 to .39 for step latency, from .52 to .62 for time to stability, and from .48 to .84 for step length. Summary metrics across all 4 directions produced higher ICC values. There was poor to moderate consistency in administration based on LA, but LA did not significantly affect any of the outcomes. Conclusion: The modified P&R yields moderate interadministrator reliability and high validity. Summary metrics over all 4 directions (the maximum step latency, the median time to stability, and the median step length) are likely more reliable than direction-specific scores. Variations in body size should also be considered when comparing populations.
Late Triassic successive amalgamation between the South China and North China blocks: Insights from structural analysis and magnetic fabrics study of the Bikou Terrane and its adjacent area, northwestern Yangtze block, central China
Authors: Xue Zhenhua , Lin Wei , Chu Yang , Wei Wei , Feng Zhentian , Zhang Junfeng 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTThe Bikou Terrane, located at the conjunction of the Longmenshan fold-thrust belt and the west Qinling orogenic belt in centeral China, was involved in the Late Triassic collision between the South China and North China blocks. The Bikou Terrane has preserved crucial information on structural geometry and kinematics of Triassic tectonics, and is therefore of great importance for reconstructing the Paleo-Tethyan evolutionary history. However, multi-phase tectonic events of the Bikou Terrane are unsettled. This work presents detailed structural analysis based on both the field and laboratory works, which reveals three phases of deformation events in Bikou and its adjacent areas, including top-to-the-SW shearing related to SW-ward thrusting (DI) mainly to the north of the Bikou Terrane, top-to-the-NNW shearing related to NNW-ward thrusting (DII) in the Bikou Terrane, and strike-slip faulting (DIII) locally developed in the northern Bikou Terrane. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) study and related structural analysis not only support the multiphase deformation but also reveal a gradual transition from the DII-related magnetic fabrics to the DIII-related magnetic fabrics in the Bikou Terrane. Integrating published geochronological data, it is constrained that DI occurred at ca. 237–225 Ma, DII occurred at ca. 224–219 Ma, and DIII possibly occurred during the Early Cretaceous. Based on regional tectonics, the DI event corresponds to the collision between the South Qinling block and the Bikou Terrane, and the DII event reflects the intracontinental amalgamation between the Bikou Terrane and the Yangtze block, which indicates a Late Triassic successive amalgamation from the North China block to the South China block. Intracontinental adjustment represented by the strike-slip (DIII event) occurred after the final amalgamation between the North China and South China blocks. By applying AMS on deciphering structural geometry and multi-phase deformation, our study suggests that AMS is a useful tool for structural analysis.
Cooling of the continental plate during flat-slab subduction
Authors: Liu Xiaowen , Currie Claire A. , Wagner Lara S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Most flat-slab subduction regions are marked by an absence of arc volcanism, which is consistent with closure of the hot mantle wedge as the subducting plate flattens below the continent. Farther inland, low surface heat flow is observed, which is generally attributed to cooling of the continent by the underlying flat slab. However, modern flat slabs have only been in place for &lt;20 Ma, and it is unclear whether there has been sufficient time for cooling to occur. We use numerical models to assess temporal variations in continental thermal structure during flat-slab subduction. Our models show that the flat slab leads to continental cooling on timescales of tens of millions of years. Cool slab temperatures must diffuse through the continental lithosphere, resulting in a delay between slab emplacement and surface cooling. Therefore, the timescales primarily depend on the flat-slab depth with shallower slabs resulting in shorter timescales. The magnitude of cooling increases for a shallow or long-lived flat slab, old subducting plate, and fast convergence rates. For regions with flat slabs at 45–70 km depth (e.g., Mexico and Peru), shallow continental cooling initiates 5–10 Ma after slab emplacement, and low surface heat flow in these regions is largely explained by the presence of the flat slab. However, for the Pampean region in Chile, with an ~100-km-deep slab, our models predict that conductive cooling has not yet affected the surface heat flow. The low heat flow observed requires additional processes such as advective cooling from the infiltration of fluids released through dehydration of the flat slab.
Geochronology of the Wrangell Arc: Spatial-temporal evolution of slab-edge magmatism along a flat-slab, subduction-transform transition, Alaska-Yukon
Authors: Trop Jeffrey M. , Benowitz Jeff A. , Kirby Carl S. , Brueseke Matthew E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Wrangell Arc in Alaska (USA) and adjacent volcanic fields in the Yukon provide a long-term record of interrelations between flat-slab subduction of the Yakutat microplate, strike-slip translation along the Denali–Totschunda–Duke River fault system, and magmatism focused within and proximal to a Cretaceous suture zone. Detrital zircon (DZ) U-Pb (n = 2640) and volcanic lithic (DARL) 40Ar/39Ar dates (n = 2771) from 30 modern river sediment samples document the spatial-temporal evolution of Wrangell Arc magmatism, which includes construction of some of the largest Quaternary volcanoes on Earth. Mismatches in DZ and DARL date distributions highlight the impact of variables such as mineral fertility and downstream mixing/dilution on resulting provenance signatures. Geochronologic data document the initiation of Wrangell Arc magmatism at ca. 30–17 Ma along both sides of the Totschunda fault on the north flank of the Wrangell–St. Elias Mountains in Alaska, followed by southeastward progression of magmatism at ca. 17–10 Ma along the Duke River fault in the Yukon. This spatial-temporal evolution is attributable to dextral translation along intra-arc, strike-slip faults and a change in the geometry of the subducting slab (slab curling/steepening). Magmatism then progressed generally westward outboard of the Totschunda and Duke River faults at ca. 13–6 Ma along the southern flank of the Wrangell–St. Elias Mountains in Alaska and then northwestward from ca. 6 Ma to present in the western Wrangell Mountains. The 13 Ma to present spatial-temporal evolution is consistent with dextral translation along intra-arc, strike-slip faults and previously documented changes in plate boundary conditions, which include an increase in plate convergence rate and angle at ca. 6 Ma. Voluminous magmatism is attributed to shallow subduction-related flux melting and slab edge melting that is driven by asthenospheric upwelling along the lateral edge of the Yakutat flat slab. Magmatism was persistently focused within or adjacent to a remnant suture zone, which indicates that upper plate crustal heterogeneities influenced arc magmatism. Rivers sampled also yield subordinate Paleozoic–Mesozoic DZ and DARL age populations that reflect earlier episodes of magmatism within underlying accreted terranes and match magmatic flare-ups documented along the Cordilleran margin.