bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive simulation for the design of robotic solution to mobility aid
Authors: Yin ChengXin , Benali Abderraouf , Kratz Frédéric 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Maintaining substantial mobility is essential for those who suffer from reduced mobility to regain their independence in daily motion tasks. In recent years, robotic solutions to human mobility aid have been functionally verified by various applications. Moreover, with the emergence of new robots and systems, the robot design theory is also under rapid evolution. This paper proposes a methodology to enhance the design of robotic exoskeleton. The aim was to help the designer to select adequate dynamical behaviors to the development of control scheme for the human motions assisted by a robotic assistance device. The main contribution of this work resides in the proposition of optimized impedance parameters for a particular human movement via neuromusculoskeletal (NMS) modelization and predictive simulation. The technique of NMS modeling that represents the motions of human upper limb was applied to study the underlying mechanisms of human movements. Predictive simulation integrated with the NMS model was formulated and solved for generating a series of optimized human dynamic parameters. In this paper, a case study of human–robot interface has been proposed to exemplify our methodology. The modeling and simulation processes were validated with experimental tools. According to the simulated human dynamics, the optimized stiffness and damping coefficients of one degree of freedom were calculated. Results show that our methods are promising and allowed to specify the human movement for a given task, and can provide the design parameters to control scheme of a robotic exoskeleton.
“You Can Connect with Like, the World!”: Social Platforms, Survival Support, and Digital Inequalities for People Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Marler Will 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study examines how people experiencing homelessness invest their efforts in locating survival support over social media and crowdfunding and the barriers they experience along the way. Reporting on ethnographic fieldwork with unstably housed adults in Chicago, the study introduces the concept of connective ambition to describe how platform narratives take hold in a context of deep exclusion, informing a view of social media as a vast terrain of untapped support from strangers. Digital inequality emerges in the failure of campaigns to raise money for rent from virtual ties, but also in how limited skills and heightened concerns over privacy and safety discourage most people living on the street from ever seeking out support over social media. Ethnography can help better illustrate the interlocking features of offline and digital inequalities, showing how status-specific uses of social platforms emerge and shape unequal outcomes of digital participation for members of marginalized communities.
Management of broncho-esophageal fistula after button battery ingestion
Authors: Ott Katherine C , Harris Jamie C , Barsness Katherine A , Arseneau Jesse , Ghadersohi Saied , Raval Mehul V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Button battery ingestion can cause serious injury or death in young children who cannot communicate symptoms. An 18-month-old male presented after his mother noted drooling, nonbilious emesis and a metallic smell to his breath. He underwent rigid esophagoscopy and a 3-V 20-mm button battery was removed. Subsequent bronchoscopy after a 1-week interval revealed progression to a large broncho-esophageal fistula on the posterior wall of the right mainstem bronchus past the carina. A fenestrated nasogastric tube for local control of secretion and a feeding jejunostomy was placed. Six weeks later, the patient underwent a right thoracotomy for division and repair of the fistula and intercostal muscle flap interposition. Utilizing a well-placed fenestrated nasogastric tube to manage secretions can help reduce fistula size and improve conservative management results. When surgical repair is required, an intercostal muscle flap can reinforce fistula closure while simultaneously buttressing the bronchus and esophagus.
Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis after topical application of herbal medicine
Authors: Almaguer Acevedo Fernando Miguel , Hernandez Cervantes Barbara Yordanis , Ketemepi Gabriel Victor Doe , Martinez Lopez Duniesky 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Cervical necrotizing fasciitis represents an aggressive form of deep neck space infection with a high mortality rate. The origin is generally odontogenic, in most cases, resulting from a dental abscess. A series of three cases developed after local application of herbal medicine in patients with no co-morbidities and with a history of a toothache in the lower quadrants for &gt;2 weeks is presented. All patients were managed with antibiotics, extraction of offending tooth and serial wound debridement. Two patients recovered with a resultant skin defect on the neck and one died due to multiple organ failure. This case series demonstrated that early diagnosis, prompt surgical intervention and appropriate medical treatment are very important to increase patient survival. Late report to hospital because of financial constraints and over-reliance on herbal preparation could lead to the development of serious complication in patients with dental infections and could even lead to death of the patient.
Complete thoracoscopic surgery for extensive emphysema in the right upper and middle lobes caused by right B5 bronchial atresia
Authors: Sumiya Ryusuke , Nagasaka Satoshi , Ikeda Takeshi , Suyama Yuto , Miyazaki Hideki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Bronchial atresia is a rare congenital condition that may lead to infectious complications. Almost all patients with this condition are diagnosed early in life with normal lungs, making them particularly suitable candidates for thoracoscopic surgery. A 30-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to an abnormal shadow on chest radiography taken 7 years prior. Despite being diagnosed with B5 bronchial atresia, he refused to undergo surgical resection. Seven years later, he developed right chest pain. Computed tomography showed B5 bronchial occlusion, mucoid impaction and emphysematous changes. Treatment with thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy and S3 partial resection using four ports resulted in good lung expansion after discharge. This study highlights that thoracoscopic surgical resection should be considered in patients with bronchial atresia.
Visualizing Pausanias’s Description of Greece with contemporary GIS
Authors: Foka Anna , Demiroglu Osman Cenk , Barker Elton , Mostofian Nasrin , Konstantinidou Kyriaki , Kiesling Brady , Talatas Linda , Palm Kajsa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This progress article focuses on an overview of the potential and challenges of using contemporary Geographic Information System (GIS) applications for the visual rendering and analysis of textual spatial data. The case study is an ancient traveling narrative, Pausanias’s Description of Greece (Periegesis Hellados) which was written in the second century CE. First, we describe the process of converting the volumes to spatial data using a customized version of the open-source digital semantic annotation platform Recogito. Then the focus shifts to the implementation of collected and organized spatial data to a number of GIS applications: namely Google Maps, DARIAH Geo-Browser, Gephi, Palladio and ArcGIS. Through empirical experimentation with spatial data and their implementation in different platforms, our paper charts the ways in which contemporary GIS applications may be implemented to cast new light on ancient understandings of identity, space, and place.
Rural versus urban fiction in contemporary Chinese literature - Quantitative approach case study
Authors: Chen Xinying , Kubát Miroslav 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The study examined contemporary Chinese novels that depicted the social changes in rural and urban areas. We analyzed the texts using several quantitative methods of stylometry (lexical richness, activity, descriptivity, nominality, cluster analysis of the most frequent words) and corpus linguistics (keywords). We focused on the differences (both in style and in content) between contemporary fiction depicting life in Chinese rural and urban areas. The results revealed that rural stories are more dynamic (active), focusing more on the plot with a simpler description and a smaller vocabulary.
Graded Administration of Second Dose of Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Patients With Hypersensitivity to First Dose
Authors: Tuong Linh-An C , Capucilli Peter , Staicu Mary , Ramsey Allison , Walsh Edward E , Shahzad Mustafa S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Two mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech, require 2 doses for maximum efficacy. This case series reports the safety and immunogenicity of a graded administration of the second dose of the Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines in patients with immediate hypersensitivity reactions to the first dose.
Progress with Parliamentary ‘Power over the Purse’: The Case of South Africa
Authors: Makanya Nokwazi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRenewed interest in legislative ‘power over the purse’ has seen a growing demand in modern democracies for parliaments to strengthen their authority over national budgets. However, weaknesses in legislative and institutional reforms intended to bring about more assertive parliaments with powers to amend budgets raise issues on how parliament’s role in influencing the budget differs from what formally conferred powers anticipate. Specifically, to what extent can formal parliamentary institutions be expected to advance the aspiration of greater legislative influence on the budget? This article critically considers the institutional arrangements of the South African parliament that inhibit effective execution of its role in budget decision-making. In particular, it explores three determinants: extent of formal powers, institutional capacity, and incentives facing individual MPs.
Cell biology of the leaf epidermis: Fate specification, morphogenesis, and coordination
Authors: Zuch Daniel T , Doyle Siamsa M , Majda Mateusz , Smith Richard S , Robert Stéphanie , Torii Keiko U 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As the outermost layer of plants, the epidermis serves as a critical interface between plants and the environment. During leaf development, the differentiation of specialized epidermal cell types, including stomatal guard cells, pavement cells, and trichomes, occurs simultaneously, each providing unique and pivotal functions for plant growth and survival. Decades of molecular-genetic and physiological studies have unraveled key players and hormone signaling specifying epidermal differentiation. However, most studies focus on only one cell type at a time, and how these distinct cell types coordinate as a unit is far from well-comprehended. Here we provide a review on the current knowledge of regulatory mechanisms underpinning the fate specification, differentiation, morphogenesis, and positioning of these specialized cell types. Emphasis is given to their shared developmental origins, fate flexibility, as well as cell cycle and hormonal controls. Furthermore, we discuss computational modeling approaches to integrate how mechanical properties of individual epidermal cell types and entire tissue/organ properties mutually influence each other. We hope to illuminate the underlying mechanisms coordinating the cell differentiation that ultimately generate a functional leaf epidermis.
Genome-wide association of the metabolic shifts underpinning dark-induced senescence in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhu Feng , Alseekh Saleh , Koper Kaan , Tong Hao , Nikoloski Zoran , Naake Thomas , Liu Haijun , Yan Jianbing , Brotman Yariv , Wen Weiwei , Maeda Hiroshi , Cheng Yunjiang , Fernie Alisdair R 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDark-induced senescence provokes profound metabolic shifts to recycle nutrients and to guarantee plant survival. To date, research on these processes has largely focused on characterizing mutants deficient in individual pathways. Here, we adopted a time-resolved genome-wide association-based approach to characterize dark-induced senescence by evaluating the photochemical efficiency and content of primary and lipid metabolites at the beginning, or after 3 or 6 days in darkness. We discovered six patterns of metabolic shifts and identified 215 associations with 81 candidate genes being involved in this process. Among these associations, we validated the roles of four genes associated with glycine, galactinol, threonine, and ornithine levels. We also demonstrated the function of threonine and galactinol catabolism during dark-induced senescence. Intriguingly, we determined that the association between tyrosine contents and TYROSINE AMINOTRANSFERASE 1 influences enzyme activity of the encoded protein and transcriptional activity of the gene under normal and dark conditions, respectively. Moreover, the single-nucleotide polymorphisms affecting the expression of THREONINE ALDOLASE 1 and the amino acid transporter gene AVT1B, respectively, only underlie the variation in threonine and glycine levels in the dark. Taken together, these results allow us to present a very detailed model of the metabolic aspects of dark-induced senescence, as well as the process itself.
Anomaly and superconnection
Authors: Kanno Hayato , Sugimoto Shigeki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We study anomalies of fermions with spacetime-dependent mass. Using Fujikawa’s method, it is found that the anomalies associated with the U(N)+ × U(N)− chiral symmetry and U(N) flavor symmetry for even and odd dimensions, respectively, can be written in terms of superconnections. In particular, the anomaly for a vector-like U(1) symmetry is given by the Chern character of the superconnection in both even- and odd-dimensional cases. It is also argued that the non-Abelian anomaly for a system in D-dimensional spacetime is characterized by a (D + 2)-form part of the Chern character of the superconnection which generalizes the usual anomaly polynomial for the massless case. These results enable us to analyze anomalies in the systems with interfaces and spacetime boundaries in a unified way. Applications to index theorems, including the Atiyah–Patodi–Singer index theorem and a Callias-type index theorem, are also discussed. In addition, we give a natural string theory interpretation of these results.
Humanitarian Accountability in Displacement Contexts: Five Years on from the Grand Bargain
Authors: Martin Diana , Singer Sarah , Mathias Bethan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Humanitarian accountability has been the subject of increased attention in recent years. However, examination of how its principles and practices play out in displacement contexts is an under-explored area. In this Editorial, we outline the development of humanitarian accountability standards and practice, with particular focus on their applicability to displacement contexts. As we refer to and introduce the papers of this special issue, we reflect on positive developments and the challenges remaining. It is a particularly prescient time to reflect on the ‘state of play’ of accountability in this sector, given it is five years since the adoption of the Grand Bargain and the “Participation Revolution”, through which stakeholders undertook to increase the relevance and efficiency of humanitarian response by giving prominence to affected populations’ participation in decisions which affect their lives. Despite these commitments, however, true progress is hampered by entrenched power imbalances. In the pyramid of power relations which denote the power to influence programming, displaced populations remain at the bottom, often unheard and silenced. Yet, only when displaced communities are able to influence the kind of aid they receive, can humanitarian responses truly address their needs and pave the way for more secure, protected and resilient communities.
Light enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and fatigue during chemotherapy for breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bean Helena R , Diggens Justine , Ftanou Maria , Alexander Marliese , Stafford Lesley , Bei Bei , Francis Prudence A , Wiley Joshua F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Study Objectives
Sleep problems are common during chemotherapy for breast cancer (BC). We evaluated whether combined brief cognitive behavioral and bright light therapy (CBT-I + Light) is superior to treatment as usual with relaxation audio (TAU+) for insomnia symptoms and sleep efficiency (primary outcomes).

Methods
We randomized women receiving intravenous chemotherapy, stratified by tumor stage and insomnia severity index, to 6-week CBT-I + Light or TAU+. CBT-I + Light included 1 in-person session, 1 telephone call, 7 emails, and 20 min bright light (BL) each morning. TAU+ comprised usual treatment and two emails with relaxation audio tracks. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed at baseline, midpoint (week 3), post (week 6), and 3-month follow-up.

Results
Women (N = 101) were randomly assigned to CBT-I + Light or TAU+. The CBT-I + Light group showed significantly greater improvement in insomnia symptoms than the TAU+ group (−5.06 vs −1.93, p = .009; between-group effect size [ES] = .69). At 3-month follow-up, both groups were lower than baseline but did not differ from each other (between-group ES = .18, p = .56). CBT-I + Light had higher patient-reported sleep efficiency than TAU+ immediately after the start of intervention (p = .05) and significantly greater improvement in fatigue (between-group ES = .59, p = .013) and daytime sleep-related impairment (between-group ES = .61, p = .009) than the TAU+ group.

Conclusions
CBT-I + Light had a clinically significant impact on insomnia and fatigue with moderate ESs. Results support offering cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and BL therapy during chemotherapy for BC to help manage sleep and fatigue.

Clinical Trial
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (http://anzctr.org.au/). Registration number: ACTRN12618001255279.
O005 Cognitive behavioural therapy and light dark therapy for postpartum insomnia symptoms: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Verma S , Quin N , Astbury L , Wellecke C , Wiley J , Davey M , Rajaratnam S , Bei B 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Symptoms of postpartum insomnia are common however interventions remain scarce. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Light Dark Therapy (LDT) target distinct mechanisms to improve sleep. This randomised controlled superiority trial compared CBT and LDT against treatment-as-usual (TAU) in reducing maternal postpartum insomnia symptoms.

Methods
Nulliparous females 4–12 months postpartum with self-reported symptoms of insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index scores &gt;7) were included; excluded were those at risk or with high medical/psychiatric needs. Eligible participants were randomised 1:1:1 to 6 weeks of CBT, LDT (gaining light upon awakening, night-time light avoidance) or TAU. Interventions were therapist-assisted through two telephone calls and included automated self-help emails over six weeks. Symptoms of insomnia (ISI; primary outcome), sleep disturbance, fatigue, sleepiness, depression, and anxiety were assessed at baseline, mid-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month post-intervention. Latent growth models were used.

Results
114 participants (mean age=32.2±4.6 years) were randomised. There were significantly greater reductions in insomnia and sleep disturbance in both intervention groups with very large effect sizes (d&gt;1·4, p&lt;0·0001) from baseline to post-intervention compared to TAU; improvements were maintained at one-month follow-up. There were greater reductions in fatigue symptoms in the CBT group (d=0.85, p&lt;.0001) but not LDT (p=0.11) compared to TAU; gains were maintained for CBT at follow-up. Changes in sleepiness, depression and anxiety over time were non-significant compared to TAU (p-values&gt;0.08).

Conclusion
Therapist-assisted CBT and LDT are both efficacious for reducing postpartum insomnia symptoms. Findings were mixed for fatigue, sleepiness and mood. Future research is needed on predictors of treatment response.
O009 The Good Sleeper Scale-13 Items: a standardised questionnaire for the assessment of good sleepers
Authors: Manners J , Appleton S , Reynolds A , Melaku Y , Gill T , Micic G , Lovato N , Sweetman A , Bickley K , Adams R , Lack L , Scott H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Good sleep is not merely the absence of sleep disorder symptoms, yet this criterion is commonly applied in research studies. We developed the Good Sleeper Scale-13 (GSS-13) to standardise identification of good sleepers.

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2019 Sleep Health Foundation online survey of adult Australians (N = 2,044, aged 18–90 years). Possible GSS-13 items were chosen collaboratively with co-authors. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on 10% of the dataset chosen at random (N = 191) for factor identification and item reduction. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the remaining 90% (N = 1,853) tested model fit. Associations with sleep concerns, health, and daytime functioning tested validity of the final version.

Results
From EFA, six factors were identified: Adequate Sleep; Insomnia; Regularity; Timing; Sleep Duration; Perceived Sleep Problem. On CFA, model fit was comparable to other sleep instruments, X² (67) = 387.34, p &lt; .001, CFI = .95, TLI = .92, RMSEA = .05. Cronbach’s alpha was largely acceptable (≥.7) across subscales. Consistent correlations were found between GSS-13 global scores and outcomes, including “a good night’s sleep” (r = .65, p &lt; .001), feeling un-refreshed (r = -.53, p &lt; .001), and general health rating (r = .44, p &lt; .001). Classification accuracy for insomnia symptoms was also high (AUC = .84).

Conclusions
The GSS-13 is psychometrically sound, correlated well with sleep, health, and daytime functioning, and can be used to identify good sleepers for research. Future work will test relationships with other sleep measures.
O017 Parents’ experiences of having a child with Down Syndrome and sleep difficulties
Authors: Miguel M , Cooke E , Chawla J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
This qualitative study that investigates parents’ experiences of having a child with Down Syndrome (DS) and sleep difficulties is a part of a broader mixed-method study entitled Sleep Difficulties in Children with Down Syndrome: An Evaluation of Parent/Carer and Family Quality of Life.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 parents (fathers n = 4 and mothers n = 22), and reflexive Thematic Analysis (TA) was operationalised for data analysis. The interviews covered the following key topics: DS diagnosis; timeline of their child’s sleep patterns and difficulties; implications for parental sleep, day-time function, and well-being; family dynamics; and access to supports.

Results
Most participants described negative experiences at time of diagnosis, including not feeling listened to, and receiving inconsistent, insensitive and inadequate information and/or treatment. Most strikingly, no parents recall receiving sleep specific information. Most participants described their child’s sleep difficulties affecting their own sleep, day-time function and family dynamics, yet they commonly normalised these experiences. Such normalisation was a recurring theme across their experiences of having a child with DS and is contextualised by their accounts of resisting prejudiced attitudes towards their child since diagnosis.

Discussion
This is the first qualitative study to investigate parents’ experiences of having a child with DS and sleep difficulties. Implications include professional development for health care workers focusing on sleep as a significant comorbidity for these children, and awareness of families’ tendencies to normalise their experiences when delivering care.