bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sertanejo biodigestor: a social technology, an alternative source of energy
Authors: De Souza Reginaldo Alves , Lyra Marília Regina Costa Castro , Carvalho Renata Maria Caminha M. de O. , Araújo Filho José Coelho de 
Published: November 2021

The use of biogas as an alternative to using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking food in the context of family farming is something recent and has ample room for growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the Sertanejo biodigester by farming families as a social technology for cooking gas production, as well as an alternative energy source. It also aimed to identify elements which contribute to disseminating this technology as an alternative to the use of firewood, charcoal and LPG. Quali-quantitative approaches were used following the exploratory method, with interviews and non-probabilistic sampling. A population with 132 units of biodigesters in the Agreste mesoregion of the State of Pernambuco was considered, with 83 interviews being collected. The results indicated that the Sertanejo biodigester social technology provides an increase in the income of farming families, avoids the use of firewood and charcoal for cooking food and produces biofertilizer for crops. They also showed that its non-continuous use or deactivation is related to a lack of raw material and the need for maintenance. Given this scenario, its implementation must consider the availability of a raw material source in the production unit and the potential for biogas production from the existing herd and consumption demand. It is recommended to strengthen arguments of economic and environmental impact for low-income families to disseminate this technology; to encourage the use of biogas associated with other activities in the production system; and to incorporate biodigestor social technology in rural credit financing lines.
Study of Association of Demographic Variables with Types of Burns Presenting in a Tertiary Care Medicolegal Clinic
Authors: Buzdar Zulfiqar Ali , Haq Zia ul , Munir Javaid , Sibtain Fazli Muhammad Anwar , Zaman Fakhar uz 
Published: November 2021

Background: In day to day life every human whether young or the old happens to deal or face the fire sources or any relevant entity. Great research is available in all the regions of the world and generous emphasis had been delivered widely. Though the advantages of the energy sources outweighs its disadvantages if dealt with proper care but accidents do happen in this process. The study focuses on the association of the demographic variables like age, gender, marital status and level of education. Aim: To observe the association of demographic variables with types of the burns. Methods: A total of 250 victims of burns presenting in the Medicolegal Clinic of King Edward Medical University Lahore/ Emergency of Mayo Hospital Lahore expanded over a period of several months from December 2017 to August 2018. Results:	A grossly significant association of the age, gender, occupation and level of education of the victims of burns with types of different burns i.e. scalds, dry flame burns, chemical burns and electrical burns was observed with a 0.000 p value. A little lower significance of marital status of with a p value of 0.036 was observed when compared to different types of burns. Keywords: Scalds, Dry flame, Chemical, Electrical, Burns, Age, Gender, Marital Status, Occupation
Tarihi Dönemlerde Tamlayan Eki Almayan Belirtili İsim Tamlamalarının Nehcü’l-Ferâdis Örneğinde İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Burçin 
Published: November 2021

Öz
Türkçede isim tamlamaları belirtili isim tamlaması ve belirtisiz isim tamlaması olmak üzere ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Bu fark ise tamlayanın ilgi hâli eki alıp almamasına göre ortaya konmuştur. Hatta bu yüzden ilgi hâli ekine tamlayan eki de denilmektedir. Buna göre ilgi hâli eki alan isim tamlamalarına belirtili isim tamlaması ilgi hâli eki almayan isim tamlamalarına ise belirtisiz isim tamlaması adı verilmiştir. Ancak tarihi metinlere bakıldığında ilgi hâli eki almadan da kurulan belirtili isim tamlaması örnekleri bulunmaktadır. Bu makalede Harezm döneminin önemli eserlerinden biri olan Nehcü’l-Ferâdis’teki örneklere bakılarak ve tamlayan eki almış ve almamış belirtili isim tamlamaları karşılaştırılarak bu durumun sebepleri üzerinde durulacaktır.
Statistical Fragility of Surgical Clinical Trials in Orthopaedic Trauma
Authors: Forrester Lynn Ann , McCormick Kyle L. , Bonsignore-Opp Lisa , Tedesco Liana J. , Baranek Eric S. , Jang Eugene S. , Tyler Wakenda K. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
The Fragility Index (FI) and the Fragility Quotient (FQ) are powerful statistical tools that can aid clinicians in assessing clinical trial results. The purpose of this study was to use the FI and FQ to evaluate the statistical robustness of widely cited surgical clinical trials in orthopaedic trauma.

Methods:
We performed a PubMed search for orthopaedic trauma clinical trials in high-impact orthopaedics-focused journals and calculated the FI and FQ for all identified dichotomous, categorical outcomes.

Results:
We identified 128 studies with 545 outcomes. The median FI was 5, and the median FQ was 0.0482. For statistically significant and not statistically significant outcomes, the median FIs were 3 and 5, and the mean FQs were 0.0323 and 0.0526, respectively. The FI was greater than the number of patients lost to follow-up in most outcomes.

Conclusions:
The orthopaedic trauma literature is of equal or higher quality than research in other orthopaedic subspecialties, suggesting that other orthopaedic subspecialties may benefit from modeling their clinical trials after those in orthopaedic trauma.
Impact of Patient Resilience on Outcomes of Open Brostrom-Gould Lateral Ligament Repair
Authors: Andrews Nicholas A. , Dib Aseel , Torrez Timothy W. , Harrelson Whitt M. , Sinha Tanvee , Rallapalle Vyshnavi , Agarwal Abhinav , Shah Ashish 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
Little is known about the factors affecting the intermediate outcomes of the Brostrom-Gould repair as measured by new patient-reported outcome instruments and the impact of patient resilience on postoperative outcomes. This is the first study to investigate the impact of resilience on the outcomes of lateral ligament repair.

Methods:
Retrospectively, 173 patients undergoing Brostrom-Gould at single institution from January 2013 to June 2020 were identified. Patient characteristics, participation in athletic activities, surgical variables, and complications were recorded. Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference v1.1 (PI), Physical Function v1.2 (PF), and the Foot Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) were collected. The Brief Resilience Scale was used to quantify resilience. A linear regression model was constructed to evaluate the independent effect of resilience on each PROMIS and FAAM outcome instrument. Variables were included in the regression model based on an a priori significance threshold of P <0.05 in bivariate analysis.

Results:
Resilience's independent effect on outcome measures was as follows: PROMIS PF (unstandardized β 8.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.9 to 12.6), PROMIS PI (unstandardized β −4.8, 95% CI −7.9 to −1.7), FAAM Activities of Daily Living (unstandardized β 16.6, 95% CI 8.7 to 24.6), and FAAM Sports (unstandardized β 28.4, 95% CI 15.9 to 40.9). Preoperative participation in athletic activities also had a positive independent effect on multiple outcome metrics including PROMIS PF (unstandardized β 9.4, 95% CI 2.8 to 16.0), PROMIS PI (unstandardized β −5.3, 95% CI −10.0 to −0.582), and FAAM Sport scores (unstandardized β 34.4, 95% CI 15.4 to 53.4).

Conclusions:
Resilience and patient participation in athletic activities are independent predictors of improved postoperative functional outcomes as measured by PROMIS and FAAM instruments at intermediate term follow-up. Resilient patients and athletes reported markedly higher PF and less pain burden postoperatively. Preoperative quantification of resilience could enable improved prognostication of patients undergoing lateral ligament repair of the ankle.
Factores socioculturales y su incidencia en la violencia contra la mujer en casos atendidos del Centro Emergencia Mujer Huancané
Authors: Fernández Sancho Gregoria , Palomino Coila Martha , Zegarra Ugarte Soledad Jackeline 
Published: November 2021

La violencia contra la mujer es un problema que atañe a la sociedad contemporánea en diversos ámbitos. Inciden en su manifestación diversos factores. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la incidencia de los Factores Socioculturales en la violencia contra la mujer en casos atendidos en el Centro Emergencia Mujer Huancané -2017. El diseño fue de tipo básico – teórico que correspondió al nivel correlacional–causal. Se enmarca dentro del enfoque cuantitativo, utiliza el método hipotético deductivo y fue no experimental de corte transversal. Para el procesamiento de datos, se utilizó el diseño estadístico Chi cuadrado, como técnica se utilizó la encuesta con su instrumento cuestionario estructurado nominal. La población estuvo constituida por 108 mujeres víctimas de violencia. Los resultados demostraron que los factores socioculturales inciden significativamente en la violencia contra la mujer con un valor de x2 (28,664 > 5,9915). Entre estos factores se encuentran los estereotipos que subordinan a la mujer respecto al varón.
Gemeentelijke juridische professionals in ­verandering
Authors: Mein Arnt 
Published: November 2021

Legal professionals in city and municipal government in transition
Legal professionals working in city and municipal government face changes in expectations about their roles within the organisation. Where in the past they mostly took on the reactive and detached role of guardians of legal quality, these days they are expected to take a more flexible, solution-oriented and cooperative stance. How do these legal professionals handle this shift? How far do they go in adapting and which factors play a role? Based on three different positions within the organisation I describe this process, focusing in particular on their perception of their professional roles, and their willingness to change. I conclude with some critical comments on the changing expectations from legal professionals.
A Physician-in-the-Loop Approach by Means of Machine Learning for the Diagnosis of Lymphocytosis in the Clinical Laboratory
Authors: Bigorra Laura , Larriba Iciar , Gutiérrez-Gallego Ricardo 
Published: November 2021

Context.—
The goal of the lymphocytosis diagnosis approach is its classification into benign or neoplastic categories. Nevertheless, a nonnegligible percentage of laboratories fail in that classification.

Objective.—
To design and develop a machine learning model by using objective data from the DxH 800 analyzer, including cell population data, leukocyte and absolute lymphoid counts, hemoglobin concentration, and platelet counts, besides age and sex, with classification purposes for lymphocytosis diagnosis.

Design.—
A total of 1565 samples were included from 10 different lymphoid categories grouped into 4 diagnostic categories: normal controls (458), benign causes of lymphocytosis (567), neoplastic lymphocytosis (399), and spurious causes of lymphocytosis (141). The data set was distributed in a 60-20-20 scheme for training, testing, and validation stages. Six machine learning models were built and compared, and the selection of the final model was based on the minimum generalization error and 10-fold cross validation accuracy.

Results.—
The selected neural network classifier rendered a global 10-class classification validation accuracy corresponding to 89.9%, which, considering the aforementioned 4 diagnostic categories, presented a diagnostic impact accuracy corresponding to 95.8%. Finally, a prospective proof of concept was performed with 100 new cases with a global diagnostic accuracy corresponding to 91%.

Conclusions.—
The proposed machine learning model was feasible, with a high benefit-cost ratio, as the results were obtained within the complete blood count with differential. Finally, the diagnostic impact with high accuracies in both model validation and proof of concept encourages exploration of the model for real-world application on a daily basis.
Effets des infrastructures linéaires sur la biomasse des insectes nocturnes à l’échelle du paysage
Authors: Leboeuf Michel , Chouinard Caroline , Bourgeois Robin , Grenier-Héon David 
Published: November 2021

Les pressions anthropiques affectent les fonctions écosystémiques, la biodiversité et les niveaux trophiques des milieux naturels, dont les populations d’insectes. À partir d’un réseau de 27 stations d’inventaire biologique réparties au sein de territoires protégés dans la région de Lanaudière (Québec, Canada), nous avons mesuré l’effet de variables locales d’habitat et de paysage sur la richesse en espèces et la biomasse d’invertébrés récoltés à l’aide de pièges lumineux. Un total de 1 880 spécimens, provenant de 34 familles différentes, ont été récoltés durant la campagne d’échantillonnage. Une seule variable explicative à l’échelle du paysage a permis d’établir des régressions positives et significatives. Ainsi, c’est la distance à des infrastructures linéaires anthropiques, principalement des routes, qui explique la plus grande part de variabilité de la richesse et de la biomasse des insectes récoltés dans les échantillons : plus la station d’inventaire se trouve loin d’une route, plus sa richesse et sa biomasse sont grandes. À la mortalité de proximité des insectes, c’est-à-dire celle directement attribuable au passage des véhicules sur une route, s’ajoutent des effets négatifs sur les populations à l’échelle du paysage.
Interference of Antioxidant Flavonoids with MTT Tetrazolium Assay in a Cell Free System
Authors: Somayaji Ashwini , Shastry C. S. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The tetrazolium salt 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) used extensively to measure the quantitative survival and proliferation of mammalian cells. The analysis is based upon the reduction of MTT by metabolically active cells to insoluble formazan crystals. Flavonoids are a large group of natural compounds found in plants with variable phenolic structures. Flavonoids, as they are potential reducing agents, they act as a free radical scavenger. The aim of the study is to assess the reducing effect of some of the flavonoids on tetrazolium salt and their interference with the colorimetric analysis of MTT. The cell viability obtained from the MTT assay was compared with that of SRB assay in the determination of flavonoids cytotoxicity.
Materials and Methods: The present study examined the effect of few bio-flavonoids like Quercetin, EGCG, Rutin and Resveratrol to reduce MTT in the absence of cells under different experimental conditions such as concentration of flavonoids, incubation time and results were compared with SRB assay findings. The study also involves the analysis of flavonoid cytotoxicity on lung cancer cells NCIH-460 and NCIH-522 by MTT and SRB assay to establish the suitable cell viability assay for flavonoids.
Results: All the flavonoids showed the instant formation of the dark blue formazan salt in the absence of the cells with MTT assay. Whereas SRB assay of flavonoids in the absence of cells, results showed the absorbance similar to that of the blank, indicating that SRB did not interfere with flavonoids in a cell-free system.
Conclusion: From the results, it is evident that MTT is not a suitable method to determine the effect of flavonoids on cell viability and proliferation as flavonoids itself reduces the MTT to formazan crystals. Study also suggests that SRB assay is more suitable method to determine the effect of flavonoids on cell viability.
Antioxidant and Anti-Cancer Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Citrus Fruits on Hep G2 and MCF-7 Cell Lines
Authors: Rasool Shahid , Ahmed Hammad , Uttra Mehreen Malik , Uttra Ambreen Malik , Khan Muhammad Rizwan , Zakir Khawaja Ali , Zaidi Awais Ali , Hassan Saeed Ul , Saleem Farooq 
Published: November 2021

Background/objective: Cancer is a complex genetic disease that occurs due to mutation in genes that control apoptosis and cell growth. Uncontrolled cell growth leads to the formation of tumors. Free radical causes mutation in genes and DNA sequence, however antioxidants can stabilize these harmful effects. Citrus fruits are the rich source of antioxidants. owing to this property this study was planned to evaluate the potential of the citrus fruits for the treatment of the cancer.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate antioxidant as well anticancer potential of five different citrus strains (Citrus deliciosa, Citrus maxima, Citrus limetta, Citrus sinensis and Citrus reticulata).
Methods: Peel of all the citrus fruits were collected, grinded and ethanolic extracts were prepared separately, to evaluate radical scavenging ability by employing DPPH method followed by MTT assay of the cancer cell lines to explore the anticancer potential of the extracts.
Results: It was observed that citrus peels exhibited good radical scavenging activity and inhibited tumor growth. Maximum effect was produced by Citrus reticulata, and least results were obtained with Citrus sinensis.
Conclusion: It was concluded that antioxidant and anti-cancer effects of citrus peels may be due to be owing to the presence of antioxidants (ascorbic acid, flavonoids, phenols, limonene). This research might open new horizon in the treatment of cancer chemotherapy.
Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practice towards Breast Cancer among Women Visiting Public Health Facility, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mehmood Muzammil , Zafar Mubashir , Albuqaisi Amal Abdullah , Alshammari Lamia Mohammed , Ilyas Syed Muhammad Ozair , Moinuddiin Khawaja Ghulam 
Published: November 2021

Background: Breast cancer is the highest burden of disease in high and low income countries and it is the leading cause of disability and death. Knowledge is important predictor of breast cancer. The objective of this study is to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding breast cancer among women visiting public health facilities in Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Method: It’s was a cross-sectional study in the leading public sector hospital and 127 study participants were selected through stratified random sampling technique. Validated and structured questionnaire used. Study participants who scored greater than or equal to mean valued were considered good knowledge, positive attitude and safe practice. Chi square test was used to cross tabulation between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitude and practice score.
Results: Over all 18.1%, 47.2% and 52% of study participants had good knowledge, positive attitude and safe practice for prevention of breast cancer respectively. More than two third (89%) of participants were stated that breast cancer was not curable disease, more than half (67.7%) of were heard about mammogram. Only 10.2% were belief that screening was essential to breast cancer for early diagnosis. More than two third (69,9%) were not practice self breast examination and 69% were stated that fear of disease was major barrier to mammogram test.
Conclusion: The knowledge level among communities member of female regarding breast cancer was in-appropriate. Majority of them were not practicing self breast examination. Health education programme through workshops and seminars will be needed to increase the awareness toward breast cancer among females.
Effect of Movement Control Spinal Exercise Programme on Pain and Mobility in Individual with Non-Specific Low Back Pain
Authors: D’souza Celina Elias , Shinde Sandeep , Bhore Prachiti 
Published: November 2021

Background: Low back pain is the most common condition that affects the majority of the population with up to 84% lifetime prevalence. A specific diagnosis of low back pain is only possible in 15% of patients and the majority of cases the pain is non – specific low back pain (NSLBP). The main objectives were to assess the effect of movement control spinal exercises (MVCSE) on NSLBP and to examine the effect of MCSE on mobility.
Methods: The study was conducted in the physiotherapy out-patient department. After screening of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 35 individuals with NSLBP were selected. A pre-test assessment was done, the protocol included warmup sessions, exercise protocol and cool down sessions. Exercises were demonstrated to the patients according to the spinal movements control impairment, the total duration of the protocol was of 6 weeks with one session of 1 hour per day. Later the post- test assessment was done and further statistical analysis was done.
Results: After 6 weeks post evaluation, patients with flexion movement control impairment (MVCI) had improvement in their movement control; extension, lateral and rotational movement control impairments were the same as before.
Conclusion: The patient- specific functional complaints and disabilities improved significantly after implementation of the individual based specific exercise programme, along with the regular physiotherapeutic interventions. Movement Control Spinal Exercise treatment has shown results in improving mobility and disability in the short term and long term for individuals with NSLBP and MVCI to than other interventions.
Female Sexual Dysfunction in Patients Treated with Antidepressants: A Comparison between Agomelatine and Escitalopram
Authors: Kaur Virinder , Guan Ng Chong , Gill Jesjeet Singh , Sue-Yin Low 
Published: November 2021

Aim: This study aims to determine and compare the prevalence of Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) between patients on escitalopram and agomelatine, as well as to investigate possible factors associated with their usage.
Study Design: Cross-sectional.
Place and Duration of Study: Psychiatric Day Care Clinic, Department of Psychological Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Malaysia, between November 1, 2020 until February 1, 2021.
Methodology: This study is a cross-sectional study involving 66 women with depression from the outpatient psychiatric clinic of a university hospital; 35 of whom were prescribed with escitalopram and 31 with agomelatine. The subjects were in remission and had no significant signs or symptoms of depression for at least 2 months. The prevalence of FSD between the two groups were compared after adjusting for underlying depression severity.
Results: This study showed that the overall prevalence rate of FSD was 33.3%, with the prevalence being higher for those on escitalopram (42.9%) than those on agomelatine (22.6%), but did not achieve statistical significance (P=0.081). Out of the six domains of FSD, multivariate analyses revealed that there was a significant reduction of 69% in sexual desire disorder (95% CI:0.110, 0.855), P=0.022 for those on agomelatine compared to escitalopram. Controlling for drug dosage and depression severity (as measured using Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale), the odds for patients on agomelatine developing sexual desire disorder was 0.267 (95% CI:0.091, 0.783), P=0.016.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in FSD risk between patients on agomelatine and those on escitalopram. Patients on agomelatine were however less likely to develop sexual desire disorder, which demonstrates a slightly better sexual acceptability profile of agomelatine in women in this respect compared to escitalopram.