bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active surveillance for intermediate‐risk prostate cancer in African American and non‐Hispanic White men
Authors: Courtney P. Travis , Deka Rishi , Kotha Nikhil V. , Cherry Daniel R. , Salans Mia A. , Nelson Tyler J. , Kumar Abhishek , Luterstein Elaine , Yip Anthony T. , Nalawade Vinit , Parsons J. Kellogg , Kader A. Karim , Stewart Tyler F. , Rose Brent S. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe safety of active surveillance (AS) for African American men compared with non‐Hispanic White (White) men with intermediate‐risk prostate cancer is unclear.MethodsThe authors identified patients with modified National Comprehensive Cancer Network favorable (“low‐intermediate”) and unfavorable (“high‐intermediate”) intermediate‐risk prostate cancer diagnosed between 2001 and 2015 and initially managed with AS in the Veterans Health Administration database. They analyzed definitive treatment, disease progression, metastases, prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM), and all‐cause mortality by using cumulative incidences and multivariable competing‐risks (disease progression, metastasis, and PCSM) or Cox (all‐cause mortality) regression.ResultsThe cohort included 1007 men (African Americans, 330 [32.8%]; Whites, 677 [67.2%]) followed for a median of 7.7 years; 773 (76.8%) had low‐intermediate‐risk disease, and 234 (23.2%) had high‐intermediate‐risk disease. The 10‐year cumulative incidences of definitive treatment were not significantly different (African Americans, 83.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 78.5%‐88.7%; Whites, 80.6%; 95% CI, 76.6%‐84.4%; P = .17). Among those with low‐intermediate‐risk disease, there were no significant differences in the 10‐year cumulative incidences of disease progression (African Americans, 46.8%; 95% CI, 40.0%‐53.3%; Whites, 46.9%; 95% CI, 42.1%‐51.5%; P = .91), metastasis (African Americans, 7.1%; 95% CI, 3.7%‐11.8%; Whites, 10.8%; 95% CI, 7.6%‐14.6%; P = .17), or PCSM (African Americans, 3.8%; 95% CI, 1.6%‐7.5%; Whites, 3.8%; 95% CI, 2.0%‐6.3%; P = .69). In a multivariable regression including the entire cohort, African American race was not associated with increased risks of definitive treatment, disease progression, metastasis, PCSM, or all‐cause mortality (all P > .30).ConclusionsOutcomes in the Veterans Affairs Health System were similar for African American and White men treated for low‐intermediate‐risk prostate cancer with AS.
Optimal selection of representative samples for efficient digital camera‐based spectra recovery
Authors: Liang Jinxing , Zhu Qiang , Liu Qiang , Xiao Kaida 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor digital camera‐based spectra recovery, the spectral reflectance of the object being imaged always needs to be accurately recovered using training samples from available database. Considering the heavy workload when using all samples in database as training samples in practice, a new representative samples selection method is proposed for efficient digital camera‐based spectra recovery based on single RGB image. The representative simulation system is firstly constructed through correlation analysis of spectra recovery results of different systems, and based on the representative simulation system, a few number of representative samples are selected from the database based on minimum of the defined simulate spectra recovery error. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated and compared with existing method. As the results show, the proposed method outperforms the existing methods, and the robustness of the selected representative samples is consistent with the database in practical applications.
Encouraging corporate sustainability through effective strategic partnerships
Authors: Valbuena‐Hernandez Juan Pablo , Ortiz‐de‐Mandojana Natalia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThere is a substantial body of theoretical evidence and a wide variety of recommendations from multilateral agencies on the importance of develop partnerships to achieve sustainability but not all partnerships could be equally effective. The purpose of this study is to establish which characteristics of partnerships could be related to greater improvements in firms' sustainability. To achieve this goal, we based on the resource‐based view, to emphasize the importance of expanding firm resources and capabilities through strategic partnerships. The longitudinal panel data used includes information from sustainability reports published by Spanish listed firms between 2016 and 2019. We find evidence that greater diversity referring to social sectors involved and longer duration partnerships improve sustainability measures, but only in responsive firms (environmentally pollutants). By contrast, in nonresponsive firms, diversity and longer‐tenure partnerships implied less improvement. Finally, we analyze the implications of these results to build effective partnerships and encourage sustainability.
Toward a global DNA barcode reference library of the intolerant nonbiting midge genus Rheocricotopus Brundin, 1956
Authors: Lin Xiao‐Long , Jiang Kun , Liu Wen‐Bin , Liu Wei , Bu Wen‐Jun , Wang Xin‐Hua , Mo Lidong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEnvironmental DNA metabarcoding is becoming a predominant tool in biodiversity assessment, as this time‐ and cost‐efficient tactics have the ability to increase monitoring accuracy. As a worldwide distributed genus, Rheocricotopus Brundin, 1956 still does not possess a complete and comprehensive global DNA barcode reference library for biodiversity monitoring. In the present study, we compiled a cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) DNA barcode library of Rheocricotopus with 434 barcodes around the world, including 121 newly generated DNA barcodes of 32 morphospecies and 313 public barcodes. Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) was applied on the 434 COI barcodes to provide a comparison between the operational taxonomic units (OTU) number calculated from the Barcode Index Number (BIN) with the “Barcode Gap Analysis” and neighbor‐joining (NJ) tree analysis. Consequently, these 434 COI barcodes were clustered into 78 BINs, including 42 new BINs. ABGD yielded 51 OTUs with a prior intraspecific divergence of Pmax = 7.17%, while NJ tree revealed 52 well‐separated clades. Conservatively, 14 unknown species and one potential synonym were uncovered with reference to COI DNA barcodes. Besides, based on our ecological analysis, we discovered that annual mean temperature and annual precipitation could be considered as key factors associated with distribution of certain members from this genus. Our global DNA barcode reference library of Rheocricotopus provides one fundamental database for accurate species delimitation in Chironomidae taxonomy and facilitates the biodiversity monitoring of aquatic biota.
Mycelial DNA persistence in a forest soil
Authors: Gordon Matthew , Van Norman Kelli 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLiving fungi can be identified and monitored in their soil habitat using an array of molecular methods. However, DNA originating from dead fungal tissue may become stabilized in the soil and remain detectable for some time after cell death rendering species detections with molecular methods difficult to interpret. Very little data exist about the persistence time of DNA from dead mycelium as it decomposes within the soil ecosystem. We placed soil containing the heat‐killed mycelium of two mycorrhizal fungal species, Phaeocollybia scatesiae A.H. Sm. & Trappe and P. fallax A.H. Sm., in mesh bags and buried them at a forested site in the Oregon Coast Range. The detectability of Phaeocollybia DNA in the soil bags was monitored over 8 months using PCR with species‐specific primers. We found that after 2 months of burial, P. scatesiae was undetectable, while P. fallax was barely detected. No Phaeocollybia DNA was detected at 3 months or thereafter. With the determination of this fungal DNA persistence time, treatment effect studies with an appropriate post‐treatment waiting period can be designed. The applicability of this fungal DNA persistence time to other studies depends on many factors, but we provide a reference point for the soil/ fungus environmental DNA system where very few exist.
Admission NT‐proBNP and outcomes in patients without history of heart failure hospitalized with COVID‐19
Authors: Yoo Jeanwoo , Grewal Prabhjot , Hotelling Jessica , Papamanoli Aikaterini , Cao Kerry , Dhaliwal Simrat , Jacob Robin , Mojahedi Azad , Bloom Michelle E. , Marcos Luis A. , Skopicki Hal A. , Kalogeropoulos Andreas P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsWe examined the value of N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) in patients admitted for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) without prior history of heart failure (HF) or cardiomyopathy.Methods and resultsRetrospective cohort of consecutive adults (N = 679; median age 59 years; 38.7% women; 87.5% White; 7.1% Black; 5.4% Asian; 34.3% Hispanic) admitted with documented COVID‐19 in an academic centre in Long Island, NY. Admission NT‐proBNP was categorized using the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Association age‐specific criteria for acute presentations. We examined (i) mortality and the composite of death or mechanical ventilation and (ii) out‐of‐hospital, intensive care unit (ICU)‐free, and ventilator‐free days at 28 days. Estimates were adjusted for confounders using a lasso selection process. Using age‐specific criteria, 417 patients (61.4%) had low, 141 (20.8%) borderline, and 121 (17.8%) high NT‐proBNP. Mortality was 5.8%, 20.6%, and 36.4% for patients with low, borderline, and high NT‐proBNP, respectively. In lasso‐adjusted models, high NT‐proBNP was associated with higher mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–4.39; P = 0.034] and composite endpoint rates (HR 1.66; 95%CI 1.04–2.66; P = 0.035). Patients with high NT‐proBNP had 32%, 33%, and 33% fewer out‐of‐hospital, ICU‐free, and ventilator‐free days compared with low NT‐proBNP counterparts. Results were consistent across age, sex, and race, and regardless of coronary artery disease or hypertension, except for stronger mortality signal with high NT‐proBNP in women.ConclusionsIn patients with COVID‐19 and no HF history, high admission NT‐proBNP is associated with higher mortality and healthcare resources utilization. Preventive strategies may be required for these patients.
Dendrimeric and Corresponding Monometallic Iridium(III) Catalysts Bound to Carbon Nanotubes Used in Hydroamination Transformations
Authors: Pernik Indrek , Desmecht Antonin , Messerle Barbara A. , Hermans Sophie , Riant Olivier 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis report describes the synthesis of a carbon nanotube‐bound dendrimer and three carbon nanotube‐bound monometallic complexes and their use as catalysts. The polyamidoamine third generation dendrimer used here incorporates pyrazole‐triazole moieties suitable for ligating iridium(III) centres. The monometallic complexes use the same pyrazole‐triazole ligands coordinated to an iridium(III) centre. All catalysts were characterized using ICP‐AES and XPS to evaluate their metal loadings on the carbon surface with significantly higher relative weight percentage of iridium determined for the denrimeric species. The catalytic activity and practicality of the formed catalysts were tested using two different intramolecular hydroamination reactions.
Auxiliary Degumming and Pressurized High Temperature Water Washing to Mitigate the Formation of Monochloropropanediols in Palm Oil
Authors: Nagy Kornél , Theurillat Xanthippe , Redeuil Karine , Nicolas Marine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study reports the benefits of auxiliary degumming (Aux.D) and pressurized high temperature (165 °C) water washing (PHTW) to mitigate the formation of monochloropropanediols (MCPD) during labscale physical refining of palm oil. Water‐based degumming in combination with bleaching and deodorization are performed as the selected physical refining process. The mitigation concepts Aux.D and PHTW are integrated into the refining protocol and the ultimately observed MCPD levels in the fully refined oils are determined. Aux.D is performed by extracting the hydratable gum from pressed sunflower oil and using it as a degumming agent to further purify palm oil that has been previously subjected to centrifugation and water degumming. This approach enables the mitigation of 3‐MCPD from the water washed reference 2.4–0.9 mg kg−1 in ampoules. Even stronger mitigation is obtained when Aux.D is combined with bleaching and executed twice allowing a mitigation from the reference 1.9–0.6 mg kg−1, in ampoules. PHTW is shown to decrease the 3‐MCPD content of the refined oil from the reference 2.4–1 mg kg−1, in ampoules and when combined with bleaching and executed twice showing a decrease from the reference 1.9–0.9 mg kg−1.Practical applications: The benefits of these mitigation concepts are confirmed both in sealed ampoule tests and in deodorizer experiments at the lab scale. A combined application of Aux.D or PHTW with physical refining may represent new insights that can help to potentially further mitigate the formation of MCPD in physically refined palm oil beyond the limits achievable with current refining practices.
Dopamine‐polyethyleneimine co‐deposition of a capillary for α‐glucosidase immobilization and its application in enzyme inhibitor screening
Authors: Li Peng , He Fu‐Qin , Ma Xiao‐Hui , Jin Ling , Chen Juan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn online method based on CE was established to screen α‐glucosidase inhibitors from traditional Tibetan medicine extracts. First, the inner wall at the inlet of capillary column was simply and effectively functionalized by dopamine‐polyethyleneimine co‐deposition method, which combines the adhesion property of dopamine and easy cationization of polyethyleneimine. Then α‐glucosidase was rapidly immobilized on the inner wall of the capillary column by electrostatic adsorption. The inter‐ and intraday repeatability of the peak area of the enzymatic reaction product (p‐nitrophenol) in a capillary was evaluated, and RSD% (n = 3) was 0.94% and 1.09%, respectively. Good batch‐to‐batch reproducibility of the peak area between different capillaries (RSD = 2.1%, n = 5) shows that the preparation method has good reproducibility. The Michaelis–Menten constant of the immobilized α‐glucosidase was measured to be 1.18 mM, and the capillary column enzyme reactor retained 85.9% of initial activity after 30 cycles. Finally, it was applied to the screening of enzyme inhibitors in 20 traditional Tibetan medicine extracts. Sixteen medicines with inhibitory activity were screened out, and Rheum australe had the strongest inhibitory effect with an inhibitory rate of 83.3 ± 0.4%. These results showed that this method is effective to find potential enzyme inhibitors.
The adsorption of phenol on granular activated carbon prepared from waste coconut shell in Trinidad
Authors: Wahid Safiyyah N. , Maharaj Rean , Boodlal Donnie , Smith Jeffrey V. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractActivated carbon (AC) produced from waste coconut shells in Trinidad and Tobago was investigated as a sustainable method for adsorption of the pollutant phenol from produced water. Activation of produced char was optimized at 900°C for 10 min using a N2 flowrate of 96 ml/min and CO2 gas at a flowrate of 96 ml/min, and the associated kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the phenol‐AC interaction was experimentally obtained. The maximum adsorption capacity was 0.027 mg phenol/g adsorbent (equilibration time of 2 h and initial phenol concentration of 2 mg/L) and the data satisfied a pseudo‐second order kinetic model fitted indicating the chemically rate controlled mechanism. The Freundlich isotherm modeled the adsorption data best with a maximum equilibrium constant, KF of 0.138 occurring at 85°C. The standard enthalpy change and standard entropy change were 155.48 kJ/mol and 0.44 kJ/mol K respectively and the Gibbs free energy change ranged from 5.89–46.3 kJ/mol for the temperature range studied. The results obtained provide key parameters for the design of an adsorption column containing the locally produced AC adsorbent for the sustainable treatment of produced water.
Measurement bruise volume of olive during impact test using FEM and quality evaluation of extracted olive oil
Authors: Rashvand Mahdi , Akbarnia Abbas , Abbaszadeh Rouzbeh , Karimi Davoud , Jafari Ali 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMechanical damage is a phenomenon that always occurred in the postharvest process. Due to the inappropriate harvest and postharvest process of Olive that lead to the bruise phenomenon, the quality of the extracted olive oil reduces. In this study, the effect of olive damage on bruising volume and quality characteristics was investigated. Three different varieties of Yellow, Oily, and Fishemi in three stages of unripe, semiripe, and ripped were used. Also, three kinds of the surface of rubber, nylon, and foam for the drop test were considered. The tests were performed in laboratory mode and simulated. For all tests, with increasing maturity, the amount of stress and internal energy were decreased and the bruise volume was increased. The amount of bruise volume and bruise susceptibility were obtained, and the experimental and simulated conditions were compared. On the other hand, the quality characteristics of olive oil including free fatty acid (FFA), peroxide value (PV), k232 and K270 coefficients, total chlorophyll, total carotenoid, total phenol, and total flavonoid were measured. The results showed that the finite element and chemometric methods are acceptable methods for predicting the generated energy of the fruit during impact, the amount of bruising volume, as well as evaluating the quality of the extracted oil.
Metro Doha Green Line: Fibre reinforced tunnel linings – Design and construction experience
Authors: Horny Ulrich , Bayer Lars , Schiesser Karl , Kliem Olaf 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Design and Build project ”Metro Doha Green Line Underground“ has been awarded to a joint venture composed of Porr, the Saudi Bin Ladin Group and HBK in summer 2013. It contains the ”ready to use“ construction of the underground part of the Green Line with 2 × 17 km tunnels, six stations, switching areas as well as cross passages and emergency exit shafts. The 34 km of tunnelling, realized with six EPB machines simultaneously, have been completed in only 18 months. The main impact on the determination of the design and build specification in terms of the segmental ring design is based on the extraordinary geological environment properties of the project area of Doha City. The geology is characterized by a dominating 3‐rocklayers system comprising massive upper and lower limestone deposits, which are commonly separated by a thin shale layer. Additionally, and in regard to the nearby located sea‐side the type of identified aggressive exposure conditions relevant to the concrete segment lining in terms of significant sulphate and chloride impact requires a durable reinforcement solution fit for required 120‐year service life. Especially due to chloride attack an ordinary steel bar reinforcement system including a projected 90 mm nominal concrete cover at lining's intrados and extrados turns out statically difficult and constructionally non‐practicable. Therefore, steel fibres are chosen to meet the strict design constraints.
Neubau Albulatunnel II – Erfahrungen mit Stahlfaserspritzbeton
Authors: Perner Reinhard , Schorn Roland , Atzl Georg 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe new construction of the 5860 m long Albula Tunnel was mainly carried out by blasting from the Preda and Spinas portals. Due to the exposed location in the high mountains, mixing plants were installed on both portal sides for the concrete supply; the concrete aggregate was largely produced from the excavated material, with a gravel plant being built in Preda for this purpose. The planned tunnel lining provides for a single‐shell shotcrete construction for the most part. In the course of the excavation work, the excavation support was optimised so that the reinforcement mesh in the main support class in the single‐shell area were replaced by steel fibre shotcrete.
Ultrasound‐based criteria for adequate peripheral venous access in therapeutic apheresis procedures
Authors: Salazar Eric , Gowani Faaria , Segura Francisco , Passe Heather , Seamster Lamesha , Chapman Bettie , Joubert Felicia , Hopson Stephanie , Easley Tracy , Garcia Salvador , Miguel Robin , Medina Cindia , Musharbash Amer , Castillo Brian , Chen Jian , Ipe Tina , Leveque Christopher 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundApheresis procedures require adequate vascular access to achieve adequate inlet flow rates. Central dialysis‐type catheters are often used in apheresis, despite their multiple risks. Peripheral venous access is a safe and effective option for many patients.AimWe previously demonstrated that ultrasound guidance reduces central venous catheter use in apheresis patients; however, no validated criteria for preprocedural evaluation of peripheral veins exist. Here, we hypothesized that ultrasound‐based criteria could predict the adequacy of a peripheral vein for apheresis procedures.Patients/MethodsIn this pilot cohort study, we reviewed the procedural outcomes for 50 cases of peripheral venous procedures that used our ultrasound‐based criteria.ResultsOf the procedures that met our criteria, 96% (46/48) were successfully completed. Overall, our criteria had 100% sensitivity, 50% specificity, 96% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value.ConclusionOur criteria justify an evidence‐based ultrasound‐guided standard for evaluation of peripheral venous access for apheresis procedures.
Synthetic routes to crinine and vittatine
Authors: Lin Yi‐Ching , Wu Yen‐Ku 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCrinine and vittatine (the antipode of crinine) have long been, and remain, an inspiration for the development of reaction methods since their isolation in the 1950s. In particular, the all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter embedded in these targets has fuelled creativity in innovating strategies and tactics of synthesis. This review provides an overview of research endeavors toward assembling the unique carboskeleton of the title alkaloids.
Comparison of the analytical and clinical performances of two different routine testing protocols for antinuclear antibody screening
Authors: González Rodríguez Concepción , Fuentes Cantero Sandra , Pérez Pérez Antonio , Vázquez Barbero Francisco Javier , León Justel Antonio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) is based on the detection of serum antinuclear antibodies (ANA) for which indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) is the golden standard. New solid‐phase immunoassays have been developed to be used alone or in combination with the detection of extractable antinuclear antibodies (ENA) to improve SARD diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical performances of different ANA screening methods alone or in combination with ENA screening methods for SARD diagnosis.MethodsA total of 323 patients were screened for ANA by IIF, EliA™ CTD Screen, and ELISA methods. Agreements were calculated between the methods. Then, EliA™ CTD Screen positive samples were screened for ENA by line immunoassay (LIA) and fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (FEIA).ResultsThe diagnostic accuracy of EliA™ CTD Screen (79% sensitivity and 91% specificity) was better than that of ELISA or IIF. The combination of EliA™ CTD plus IIF had the highest sensitivity (93%). ENA determination revealed that Ro52 and Ro60 were the most prevalent specificities. The use of IIF alone was not able of detecting up to 36% of samples positive for Ro52, and 41% for Ro60.ConclusionsEliA™ CTD Screen has a better diagnostic performance when compared to IIF and ELISA. The combined use of EliA™ CTD Screen and IIF clearly improves the rate and accuracy of SARD diagnosis. The use of EliA™ CTD Screen as first‐line screening technique allows the detection of antibodies, which could not be detected by IIF alone.