bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Use of Mitomycin-C With Baerveldt Implantation
Authors: Azuara-Blanco Augusto , Moster Marlene R , Wilson Richard P , Schmidt Courtland M 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of Baerveldt implantation with adjunctive mitomycin-C in cases of complicated glaucoma.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors reviewed the charts of all patients who had undergone Baerveldt implantation with mitomycin-C between January 1993 and March 1995. Success was defined before data collection as an intraocular pressure (IOP) between 5 and 21 mm Hg, with or without medications. The success rate was calculated using the Kaplan- Meier actuarial method.
* RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients were identified. The mean preoperative IOP was 33.6 mm Hg, with an average of 2.0 antiglaucoma medications. The probability of success at 6 and 12 months for patients who received mitomycin-C during Baerveldt implantation was 82.4% and 73.3%, respectively. Choroidal effusion with a flat anterior chamber (10.3%), corneal edema (6.8%), and conjunctival erosion (6.8%) were the most frequent complications.
* CONCLUSION: In this retrospective series of complicated glaucoma, the implantation of a Baerveldt drainage device with adjunctive mitomycin-C had a satisfactory outcome. The complications encountered and the clinical efficacy were comparable to those of previously reported series in which mitomycin-C was not used.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:992-997.]
Improvements in Visual Acuity Following Limbal Lensectomy for Subluxated Lenses in Children
Authors: Yu Young Suk , Kang Yong Hong , Lim Key-Hwan 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To report the surgical results of limbal lensectomy using an automated vitrectomy instrument for the treatment of subluxated lenses in children.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors reviewed the charts of children who underwent surgery for subluxated lenses. Limbal lensectomies with an "in the bag" technique were performed on 18 eyes of 1 0 patients. The indications for surgery were a best-corrected visual acuity of less than 20/60, bisection of pupil by the lens, or both.
* RESULTS: Best-corrected visual acuity improved in all 18 eyes (paired t test, P< .01). In 1 eye, transient anterior chamber hyphema occurred during the early postoperative period. No other significant complications were found during an average follow-up of 19.6 months.
* CONCLUSION: Limbal lensectomy for subluxated lenses in children improved visual acuity without severe complications.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:1006-1010.]
Intrastromal Holmium Laser Keratostomy: Long-Term Results
Authors: Kessing Sv Vedel , Boberg-Ans Jannik , Heegaard Steffen 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A new filtering procedure, the Intrastromal Holmium Laser Keratostomy (ILtQ has been developed. A laser canal is created intrastromally in the cornea anterior to Schwalbes line in the floor of a corneo-scleral tunnel incision made with a knife from the corneal site. Theoretically, the complications of the conventional Subconjunctival Holmium Laser Sclerostomy (SLS) can thus be avoided. Experimental and clinical evaluation of the new procedure, as well as clinical long-term results are presented.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The ILK was evaluated experimentally on bank eyes and clinically using postoperative Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM). The clinical long-term effect was evaluated by a follow-up of the first 22 ILK performed on 17 eyes in 17 consecutive patients with complicated, refractory primary and secondary open angle glaucoma. Preoperative subconjunctival mitomycin-C injection (0.02 mL of 0.2 mg/mL) was used.
* RESULTS: The experimental and clinical evaluations show that the collateral thermal tissue coagulation made by the Holmium laser in ILK probably is an advantage, because the subsequent shrinkage prevents postoperative self sealing of the laser canal. Complete surgical success without medication and reoperations was reached in 63% of the eyes with a mean observation time of 22.5 months (range: 16.6-26.7 mos.). Any failure appeared within the first 10 months. Only 13% of the eyes had early iris incarcerations, there were no late incarcerations. Twenty-five percent had temporary shallow anterior chambers.
* CONCLUSION: The mitomycin-ILK procedure has shown obvious better results than the conventional SLS technique due to a considerable reduction in postoperative complications. Since the present material further developments in the ILK technique has made this procedure still more attractive.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:13-23]
Needling with Intra-bleb 5-Fluorouracil for Intractable Neovascular Glaucoma
Authors: Ophir Avinoam , Porges Yair 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Trabeculectomy for neovascular glaucoma (NVG) often results in filtering bleb scarring. The outcome of a needling procedure with intra-bleb 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) administration in NVG eyes is presented.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Following trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC), intraocular pressures (IOPs) ranged between 36 to 56 mm Hg in 3 painful, neovascular glaucomatous eyes despite treatment. Each eye was then injected subconjunctivally with 1.0 mg of 5-FU, adjacent to and within the filtering bleb. The needle was advanced and penetration into the anterior chamber through the bled, anterior to the scieral flap, followed.
* RESULTS: In each eye, the IOP dropped immediately. After 18 to 29 months, IOPs were 11 to 22 mm Hg, and in two eyes-without hypotensive medications. Cataract progression was evident in the 2 eyes that had had cataracts preoperatively.
* CONCLUSION: The postoperative needling, in conjunction with the dual effect of intraoperative MMC and intra-bleb 5-FU, was found efficacious and saved further surgery in these intractable cases.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:38-42]
Effectiveness of LASIK to Correct Refractive Error After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Spadea Leopoldo , Mosca Luigi , Balestrazzi Emilio 
Published: April 2021

* OBJECTIVE: Refractive errors may invalidate the good results of penetrating keratoplasty (PK). The Authors evaluate the effectiveness of excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in the correction of refractive error after PK.
* MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four patients, a 26-year-old woman, a 54-year-old man, a 19-year-old man, and a 51-year-old woman, showed refractive errors: -11 =-4.5 × 85°; -8, -4.5 = -11 × 95°; and -4.5 = -4 × = 120°, with a clear graft at least 20 months after penetrating keratoplasty secondary to keratoconus. However, they underwent the LASIK procedure with a nasal-hinged flap of 160 µm. No sutures were placed.
* RESULTS: At follow-up, 24, 18, 12, and 12 months, respectively, the graft remained clear and the endothelial cells were unchanged. The uncorrected visual acuities were 20/50, 20/25, 20/50, and 20/25, respectively with an unchanged best corrected visual acuity (20/20) for all patients. No significant complications were observed.
* CONCLUSIONS: LASIK procedure seems to be an effective technique to correct refractive error after successful penetrating keratoplasty.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:111-120]
Optical Coherence Tomography for Retinal Thickness Measurement in Diabetic Patients Without Clinically Significant Macular Edema
Authors: Schaudig Ulrich H , Glaefke Carsten , Scholz Frank , Richard Gisbert 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential of optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a screening method for retinal thickness measurements in diabetic patients.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: We used a previously described pattern of six 5 mm OCT scans through the center of fixation in 45 diabetic patients without clinically significant macular edema: 22 patients (group 1) had no diabetic retinopathy (ETDRS classification) ; 18 (group 2) had nonproliferative retinopathy; 5 patients with peripheral neovascularization did not enter statistical analysis; 25 normal healthy subjects were used as a control group. Retinal thickness was measured at five locations in each scan: in the fovea, at the foveal rim, and outside the macula. Measurements were identified in nonaligned images and taken from raw data A-scans. Locations were grouped into hemispheres, quadrants and rings, and mean values tested for statistically significant differences using Mann-Whitney U-Wilcoxon rank sum W test.
* RESULTS: Differences in retinal thickness were found to be significant in the macula (controls vs group 2P= 0.0266), at the foveal rim (controls vs group 1 and 2: P = 0.0386 and P = 0.0193), in the nasal and superior hemisphere (controls vs group 2: P = 0.0251 and P = 0.0187), and in the superior nasal quadrant (controls vs group 1 and group 1 vs group 2: P= 0.0022 and P= 0.0462).
* CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences of retinal thickness between patients with diabetic retinopathy and normals can be detected by OCT even in the absence of clinically significant macular edema. Significant differences between diabetic patients with and without retinopathy are most likely to be found in the superior nasal quadrant.
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:182-186]
Threshold and Retreatment Parameters of NPe6 Photodynamic Therapy in Retinal and Choroidal Vessels
Authors: Peyman Gholam A , Kazi Abdul Ahad , Moshfeghi Darius , Unal Melih , Khoobehi Bahram , Yoneya Shin , Mori Keisuke , Rivera Ingrid 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To deter mine the threshold fluence for producing choroidal and retinal vascular occlusion with mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6) photodynamic therapy (PDT) during primary treatment and the effect of retreatment.
* METHODS: Primary treatment: Rats, rabbits, and monkeys underwent NPe6 PDT to determine the threshold fluences for choroidal and retinal vessel occlusion. The threshold was determined by analyzing fluorescein angiograms for areas of nonperfusion. Retreatment: Dutch-belted rabbits underwent NPe6 PDT followed by fluorescein angiography. Rabbits were retreated one week later at the same parameters.
* RESULTS: Fluence levels and vascular damage thresholds were always higher for retinal than for choroidal vascular occlusion. Retreatment caused choroidal vessel closure at all tested fluences but retinal capillaries closed only at a fluence > 17.7 J/cm2.
* CONCLUSION: NPe6 PDT has a lower threshold to occlude choroidal vessels than retinal vessels. The cumulative effect of retreatment does not damage retinal vessels unless the threshold is exceeded during a single retreatment session.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:323-327]
Safety Assessment of Aconitum-Derived Bulleyaconitine A
Authors: Yin Shi-Liang , Xu Feng , Wu Hao , Li Fei , Jin Ge , Wu Zu-Qian , Meng Ran , Ma Si-Man , Zhou Fan , Breslin Peter , Wu Chun-Fu , Zhang Hong 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Bulleyaconitine A (BLA) is a diterpenoid alkaloid from the rhizomes of Aconitum bulleyanum Diels and has been clinically used for chronic pain treatment in China for many years. However, the newly reported adverse events of BLA indicated that BLA still has potential safety issues.

Materials and Methods:
To assess the safety of BLA, analgesic tests, acute toxicity studies, repeated-dose oral toxicity studies, and tissue distribution studies after single and repeated administration of BLA were carried out.

Results:
Administration of 0.14 mg/kg BLA showed potent analgesic effects in both analgesic tests. In acute toxicity study, the LD50 value of BLA was calculated to be 3.4434 mg/kg. In the subchronic toxicity study, the no observed adverse effect level was 0.25 mg/kg, and the lowest observed adverse effect level was 0.5 mg/kg. The spleen, liver, and kidneys are newly identified target organs of BLA toxicity after long-term administration. Moreover, unlike a single BLA administration, repeated administration showed BLA redistribution from organs with an abundant blood supply to immune and metabolic organs.

Conclusions:
These results suggested that BLA itself would be nontoxic at a dosage of 0.25 mg/kg in rats and should be carefully used when combining BLA with medications that can cause spleen, liver, or kidney injury.
Um panorama da internacionalização da educação superior na área do ensino de línguas adicionais e da pesquisa no Brasil
Authors: Silva Kleber Aparecido da , Xavier Rosely Perez 
Published: April 2021

Nos dias atuais, quando as práticas sociais são dinâmicas e fluidas, a comunicação acontece de maneira complexa por intermédio das línguas e de uma diversidade de recursos semióticos e multimodais. Em face disso, a internacionalização para o ensino e para a pesquisa nas áreas de línguas se destaca moldando as trocas interacionais e interculturais. Neste contexto, o presente artigo, de (re)leitura crítica de literatura, aborda o conceito de internacionalização do/no ensino superior e o relaciona com o ensino e a pesquisa na área de línguas. O objetivo é evidenciar o panorama das ações de internacionalização no contexto brasileiro como preâmbulo necessário para apresentar os vários artigos que compõem este dossiê.
"É preciso ver?": práticas de ensino inclusivas na Educação Física escolar
Authors: Rafael Leandro Soares Assunção , Fernandes Gyna de Ávila 
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho se caracteriza como um relato de experiência proveniente da imersão docente de Residentes do Programa Residência Pedagógica (RP) -UFMG. Tem como objetivo apresentar a organização de um projeto de ensino, nomeado “É preciso ver?”, e suas estratégias de inclusão para uma turma de 9º ano de Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública da rede municipal da Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte. Inicialmente se apresenta o contexto em que se deu a elaboração do projeto. Depois, o percurso metodológico e de planejamento do projeto de ensino. Por fim, se reflete e relata três ações inclusivas, a saber: a) estratégia diagnóstica; b) estratégia de ensino; e c) estratégia avaliativa. Essas, lançam luzes às possibilidades de práticas inclusivas na Educação Física escolar construída por meio de uma demanda de ensino proposta aos Residentes no fim do programa.
Las maras salvadoreñas
Authors: Martel Trigueros Roxana 
Published: April 2021

Este ensayo reflexiona en este nuevo rostro generador de miedo, entre la ciudadanía salvadoreña, el cual es producto de una presencia sistemática en el discurso político institucional, difundido a través de los medios de comunicación masiva, que, además, se ha transnacionalizado. Las maras se han convertido en tema de debates académicos, pero sobre todo en la “anomalía” que los gobiernos de la región centroamericana, de México y de Estados Unidos pretenden penalizar o, en términos de Foucault, disciplinar. Pero para comprender mejor la complejidad de este fenómeno, este ensayo busca vincular la realidad de las pandillas con los acontecimientos históricos del país, porque, de esta manera, los procesos para construir una cultura autoritaria, anclada en el miedo, se presentan de forma hilvanada. El fenómeno no es nuevo como objeto de estudio, pero es urgente discutir nuevas formas para abordarlo. Las pandillas, denominadas maras, no son expresión de una violencia ahistórica ni son extrañas al tipo de sociedad. Son jóvenes y adultos, mujeres y hombres, niños y niñas, con rostros que, aun cuando se intente negar, pertenecen a esos espacios denominados “nación”.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 61, No. 696, 2006: 957-979.
Evolution of the firn pack of Kaskawulsh Glacier, Yukon: meltwater effects, densification, and the development of a perennial firn aquifer
Authors: Ochwat Naomi E. , Marshall Shawn J. , Moorman Brian J. , Criscitiello Alison S. , Copland Luke 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. In spring 2018, two firn cores (21 and 36 m in length)
were extracted from the accumulation zone of Kaskawulsh Glacier, St. Elias
Mountains, Yukon. The cores were analyzed for ice layer stratigraphy and
density and compared against historical measurements made in 1964 and 2006.
Deep meltwater percolation and refreezing events were evident in the cores,
with a total ice content of 2.33±0.26 m in the 36 m core and liquid
water discovered below a depth of 34.5 m. Together with the observed ice
content, surface energy balance and firn modelling indicate that Kaskawulsh
Glacier firn retained about 86 % of its meltwater in the years 2005–2017.
For an average surface ablation of 0.38 m w.e. yr−1 over this period,
an estimated 0.28 m w.e. yr−1 refroze in the firn, 0.05 m w.e. yr−1 was retained as liquid water, and 0.05 m w.e. yr−1 drained or
ran off. The refrozen meltwater is associated with a surface lowering of
0.73±0.23 m between 2005 and 2017 (i.e., surface drawdown that has
no associated mass loss). The firn has become denser and more ice-rich since
the 1960s and contains a perennial firn aquifer (PFA), which may have
developed over the past decade. This illustrates how firn may be evolving in
response to climate change in the St. Elias Mountains, provides firn density
information required for geodetic mass balance calculations, and is the
first documented PFA in the Yukon–Alaska region.
DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN PEMBATASAN CAIRAN PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK
Authors: Ningrum Windy Astuti Cahya , Drajat M Rafiud , Imardiani Imardiani 
Published: April 2021

Latar Belakang: Kegagalan fungsi ginjal dalam mempertahankan metabolisme keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit merupakan kondisi yang dialami oleh pasien gagal ginjal kronik, keadaan ini mengakibatkan pasien perlu untuk mengontrol asupan cairan guna membantu mengurangi beban kerja ginjal dalam memproses cairan. Pembatasan cairan merupakan salah satu intervensi atau terapi dan faktor penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan terapi pasien gagal ginjal kronik, sehingga dibutuhkan kepatuhan pasien dalam terapi tersebut. Pengetahuan keluarga dan dukungan keluarga merupakan faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dalam menjalani pembatasan cairan. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga dengankepatuhan pembatasan cairan pasien gagal ginjal kronik. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis desain analitic korelasi melalui pendekatan cross sectional dengan teknik non probability sampling : total sampling yangdilaksanakan pada tanggal 10 April – 15 April dan didapatkan jumlah sampel 52 responden dengan menggunakan instrument penelitian kuesioner dan observasi.Hasil: Analisis uji chi square antara pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan didapatkan nilai p=0,012 dan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan didapatkan nilai p=0,014.Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan pasien gagal ginjal kronik di Ruang Hemodialisa RS PUSRI Palembang.

condition experienced by patients with chronic renal failure, this condition resulted in patients need to control fluid intake to help reduce the workload of the kidney in processing fluids. Fluid restriction is one of intervention or therapy and an important factor in determining the success of chronic renal failure therapy patients, so that patient's compliance is required in the therapy. Family knowledge and family support are factors that can improve patient compliance with fluid restrictions. Objective: To examine the relationship of knowledge and family support to fluid restriction adherence in patients with chronic renal failure. Method: This research use correlation analitic design type through cross sectional approach with non probability sampling technique: consecutive sampling and got sample number 52 respondents. Result: Analysis of chi square test between knowledge to fluid restriction compliance (p value = 0,012) and family support to compliance of fluid restriction (p value = 0,014). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between knowledge and family support for fluid restrictioncompliance in patients with chronic renal failure in the Hemodialisa Room of PUSRI Palembang Hospital.
CONHECIMENTO DE MÉDICOS E ENFERMEIROS ATUANTES NO PRÉ-NATAL SOBRE TOXOPLASMOSE
Authors: Inagaki Ana Dorcas de Melo , Souza Isla Evellen Santos , Araujo Anne Caroline Lima , Abud Ana Cristina Freire , Cardoso Nadyege Pereira , Ribeiro Caique Jordan Nunes 
Published: April 2021

Objetivos: descrever o conhecimento de médicos e enfermeiros pré-natalistas sobre a toxoplasmose.Método: estudo transversal, analítico, realizado entre outubro de 2018 e fevereiro de 2019, com 89 profissionais de 43 Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil, por meio de questionário autoaplicado. Foram calculadas as frequências absolutas, relativas e os odds ratios. Utilizaram-se os testes Exato de Fischer e Qui-quadrado para análise dos dados.Resultados: os médicos e enfermeiros atuantes no pré-natal apresentaram pouco conhecimento sobre toxoplasmose relacionado às formas infectantes (p=1,000), vias de transmissão (p=1,000), grupo vulnerável (p=0,290), período de transmissão (p=1,000), maior risco para sequelas no recémnascido (p=0,828), quando realizar exames (p=0,015), indicação e interpretação do teste de avidez (p=0,355).Conclusão: este estudo identificou lacunas de conhecimento e poderá contribuir para planejamento de educação continuada para profissionais pré-natalistas, a fim de prevenir a toxoplasmose congênita.
REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL DA MORTE PARA ESTUDANTES DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Andrade Priscila Cristina Da Silva Thiengo de , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Spezani Renê Dos Santos , Nogueira Virginia Paiva Figueiredo , Barbosa Diogo Jacintho , Bernardes Margarida Maria Rocha , Peixoto Álvaro Rafael Santana 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: identificar a estrutura das representações sociais da morte para estudantes de enfermagem.Método: pesquisa descritiva, fundamentada pela Teoria do Núcleo Central. Utilizou-se a Associação Livre de Palavras com 91 estudantes de enfermagem do último ano de graduação, entre abril e junho de 2019, em uma universidade pública do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram processados pelo software EVOC, que gerou um quadro com quatro quadrantes, onde se pode localizar o provável núcleo central e sistema periférico.Resultados: o núcleo central foi integrado pelos elementos fim, triste e dor, na primeira periferia saudade e na segunda descanso, perda, sofrer, eternidade, vida, angústia e choro. A zona de contraste foi constituída por medo e ciclo.Conclusão: esta representação reforça a necessidade da inserção da temática nos cursos de saúde e da criação de espaços que propiciem a reflexão e escuta, ajudando os alunos a melhor elaborar as perdas.
DECLÍNIO DAS TAXAS DE INTERNAÇÃO HOSPITALAR POR DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES EM ADULTOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Figueiredo Fernanda Sabini Faix , Rodrigues Thamires Fernandes Cardoso da Silva , Cardoso Luana Cristina Bellini , Santos Fernanda Gatez Trevisan dos , Oliveira Rosana Rosseto de , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar a tendência das taxas de internação hospitalar por doenças cardiovasculares em adultos no Brasil.Método: estudo ecológico, de séries temporais, das taxas de internação por doenças cardiovasculares em adultos por sexo, faixa etária e região de residência no Brasil no período de 2005 a 2016. Foram utilizados os dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde. Para as análises de tendência, utilizaram-se modelos de regressão polinomial.Resultados: detectou-se tendência de declínio nas taxas de internação por doença cardiovascular em todo o país, sendo que a região Centro-Oeste obteve a redução mais expressiva (-21,29 ao ano). A região Sul deteve as maiores taxas de internação, inclusive por doenças isquêmicas do coração e cerebrovasculares.Conclusão: o Brasil apresentou tendência decrescente nas taxas de internação, entretanto, ainda são elevadas. Os resultados podem repercutir nas ações de vigilância em saúde, especialmente em regiões cujas taxas de internação apresentam-se elevadas.