bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity and socio-economic status of single and married urban adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Puciato Daniel , Rozpara Michał 
Published: November 2021

Background
Changing family models have resulted in a large increase in the number of single-person households. This phenomenon has certain implications for society and the economy as single people often exhibit different behaviours, including their engagement in health-related physical activity, than those who are married and living with partners. However, the results of studies on determinants of physical activity in people of different marital status have been inconclusive. The aim of this study was to identify associations between physical activity and socioeconomic status in single and married urban adults.

Methods
The study material consisted of 4,460 persons (1,828 single and 2,632 married and living with partners). A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wroclaw (Poland). A diagnostic survey-direct interview method was used. Two research tools were applied: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Socioeconomic Status Questionnaire (S-ESQ). The level of respondents’ physical activity was assessed following WHO recommendations. The descriptive statistics included the number and frequency of categories of dependent and independent variables as well as measures of association between them, i.e., crude and adjusted odds ratios.

Results
The odds ratio of meeting the WHO physical activity recommendations was almost 70% higher in single than in married respondents (OR = 1.67; CI [1.46–2.19]), and slightly more than 40% higher after adjusting for sex, age and education (aOR = 1.42; CI [1.21–1.67]). In both groups socioeconomic the respondents’ status revealed a significant and slightly different association with their levels of physical activity. Occupational status and financial savings significantly affected the level of physical activity in single respondents, while net disposable income was a significant modifier of physical activity levels in respondents who were married or lived with their partners.

Conclusions
Assessment of the levels and determinants of physical activity among people of different marital status should be continued and extended to other subpopulations. This will allow effective preventive and therapeutic measures to be taken for groups most at risk of hypokinesia. Programs aimed at improving physical activity accounting for the socioeconomic status and marital status of their beneficiaries are particularly important.
Effect of Crop Geometry and Nutrient Management Approaches on Soil Properties and Availability of Nutrients under Transplanted Finger Millet
Authors: Aliveni A. , Venkateswarlu B. , Rekha M. Sree , Prasad P. R. K. , Jayalalitha K. 
Published: November 2021

The present investigation was conducted for two consecutive years with the objective to know various crop geometries and nutrient management approaches on soil chemical properties at Agricultural college farm, Bapatla. The experimental design was split plot with three replications. The present study comprised of three crop geometries with different age of seedlings (30x10 cm with 30 days old seedlings, 30x30 cm with 15 days old seedlings and 45x45 cm with 15 days old seedlings) and seven nutrient management practices (S0: absolute control, S1: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + application of dravajeevamrutham, S2: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + application of dravajeevamrutham along with wooden log treatment, S3: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 100% RDF, S4: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 100% RDF along with wooden log treatment, S5: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 125% RDF, S6: FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 125% RDF along with wooden log treatment in subplots were given to kharif finger millet. integrated application of FYM @ 10 tonnes ha-1 + 125% RDF along with wooden log treatment (S6) resulted in higher organic carbon and nutrient status of the soil and reduced C:N ratio of the soil significantly though other soil properties were non significant due to various crop geometries and nutrient management treatments.
Effect of Different Nutrient Management Practices on Growth, Yield Attributes and Yield of Transplanted Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)
Authors: Yadav Manish , Jadav N. J. , Kumar Dileep , Raval C. H. , Chaudhari Drashti , Chaudhary Nisha 
Published: November 2021

The Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fertility management on growth, yield attributes and yield of pearlmillet in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments and four replications during summer, 2019 at Anand, Gujarat. The experiment comprises of different nutrient management practices including 100% and 75% RDF with 15 t and 10 t FYM along with Bio NP consortia. A significant higher growth and yield parameters enhancement with the application of 100% RDF + 15 t FYM ha-1 + Bio NP Consortia was recorded in plant height, number of tillers, length of ear head, protein content and biological yield. The treatment T5 produced maximum (91.5 q ha-1) biological yield and statistically it was on par with T9 and T5. However, the lowest biomass production (73.0 q ha-1) was reported in treatment T1. Results of different nutrient management practices on days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, ear head girth and test weight were found non-significant. Protein content of pearlmillet was increased from 7.5% to 9.06% under different nutrient management practices.
The Importance of Molecular Testing for the Diagnosis of Fabry Disease Manifested by Cornea Verticillata Only
Authors: Hora Aécio Cunha , Miguel Thiago Sande , Rossett Tais Cristina , Roisman Victor , Costa Daniel Almeida da 
Published: November 2021

Aims: To describe a Fabry disease, that it’s diagnosis was only possible through the molecular test
Presentation of Case: L.A.P. female, 42 years old, lawyer, seen by the ophthalmology department for routine consultation only with refractive complaints. Fundus of the eye: Mild narrowing with increased vascular brightness and presence of pathological arteriovenous crossings. The rest of the exam was within normal limits.
Therefore, a genetic test with the dosage of the α-Gal enzyme was requested, which evidenced the alteration in it, confirming the diagnosis of Fabry disease.
Discussion: A Fabry Disease (FD) is an inborn error of glycosphingolipid (GL) metabolism, resulting from deficient activity of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (α -Gal). It has X-chromosome-linked inheritance, affecting mainly males, with an estimated prevalence of 1:40,000 males. The expression of the disease in heterozygous female patients can vary from an asymptomatic condition to a severe systemic disease, like that which occurs in men.
Conclusions: The ophthalmological examination played an important role in the diagnosis, as this change is highly suggestive of the disease, in order to avoid erroneous and late diagnoses that can cause consequences for patients with this condition.
Prehistoric communities of the River Dee
Authors: Wickham-Jones Caroline , Bates Richard , Cameron Alison , Clarke Ann , Collinson Diane , Duthie Sheila , Kinnaird Tim , Noble Gordon , Ross Irvine , Sabnis Heather , Tipping Richard 
Published: November 2021

This volume presents the results of archaeological fieldwork undertaken along the River Dee, Aberdeenshire, north-east Scotland, by the Mesolithic Deeside voluntary community archaeology group between 2017 and 2019. A total of 42 fields were investigated, from which over 11,000 lithics were recovered, representing at least 15 archaeological sites and a span of human activity covering some 10,000 years from around 12,000 BC to c 2000 BC. Finds from the Late Upper Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age were present. Work comprised fieldwalking, test pitting, specialist analysis, and small-scale excavation. The investigation described here is significant not just for the light it throws on the early prehistoric populations along the River Dee but also for the methodology by which investigation was undertaken, as this provides a potential model for work in other areas. Both aspects are covered in the report.
The River Dee flows between postglacial gravel and sand terraces, the structure of which has played an important role for the early settlers of the area, and this is covered in some detail in order to provide the physical background framework for the sites. There are also sections on more specialised geophysical and geoscience techniques where these were undertaken, together with a summary of research on the palaeoenvironmental conditions throughout the millennia of prehistory. The artefactual evidence comprises lithic assemblages which were all catalogued as fieldwork progressed; the contents of each site are presented, together with more detailed analysis of the finds from test pitted sites. Finally, given the rich archaeological record from the area, the results of the present project are set into the wider context of the evidence for prehistoric settlement along the river, and there is consideration of future directions for further fieldwork.
While all authors have contributed to the whole volume, individual sections that present specialist work by specific teams have been attributed. The distribution maps and GIS are the work of Irvine Ross.
Dates given are calibrated BC dates. The Nethermills Farm NM4 dates are calibrated using the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit calibration program OxCal 4 (Bronk Ramsey 2009) and their date ranges are calibrated using the IntCal13 atmospheric calibration curve (Reimer et al 2013). Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) was used to profile sediment accumulations on some of the sites and obtain information relating to site formation, but it was not used for dating in any of the projects.
Functional Ecology of Vascular Epiphytes
Authors: Zotz Gerhard , Hietz Peter , Einzmann Helena J. R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The epiphytic life form characterizes almost 10% of all vascular plants. Defined by their mechanical dependence throughout their life and their non‐parasitic relationship with the host, the term epiphyte describes a very heterogenous and taxonomically diverse group of plants. This article explores the functional ecology of this group, acknowledging from the start that our current knowledge is highly biased, e.g. with a strong focus on particular families like bromeliads or orchids. This bias goes along with a number of problematic and weakly founded generalizations in the literature. Our article covers a set of particularly important aspects of epiphyte ecology, e.g. germination, water and nutrient relationships, and biomechanical aspects of the epiphyte‐host relationship. Throughout our article, we describe ways for future research projects to reach a more comprehensive and representative understanding of the biological responses to the varying challenges of the arboreal habitat, and emphasize that the study of epiphytes should not only be of interest to the narrow expert: a comparison of the functional ecology of epiphytes and ground‐rooted terrestrials offers unique perspectives to understanding both evolutionary and ecological, phenotypic responses to the diverse habitats of vascular plants in general.
Progress and Prospects of Concurrent or Combined Stress Studies in Plants
Authors: Mahalingam Ramamurthy , Pandey Prachi , Senthil‐Kumar Muthappa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPlants growing under field conditions are often exposed to multiple abiotic and biotic stresses occurring simultaneously or sequentially. Biotic stressors often interact with abiotic stressors at the plant interphase, which makes the impact of their combination on plants remarkably variable, though differing with order and intensity of stresses, as well as plant species and pathotypes. In this article, we examine the major abiotic stress combinations, as well as abiotic‐biotic stress combinations, and physiological and molecular responses of plants to these combined stresses. Utilizing the available literature, information on the phenomic and transcriptomic response of plants to the combined abiotic and biotic stresses, and the cross‐talk during signalling is reviewed. A succinct discussion on the scope and application of combined abiotic and biotic stress studies highlighting major gaps and novel avenues for further research is articulated.
A Bioprinted Tubular Intestine Model Using a Colon‐Specific Extracellular Matrix Bioink
Authors: Han Hohyeon , Park Yejin , Choi Yoo‐mi , Yong Uijung , Kang Byeongmin , Shin Woojung , Min Soyoun , Kim Hyun Jung , Jang Jinah 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTremendous advances have been made toward accurate recapitulation of the human intestinal system in vitro to understand its developmental process, and disease progression. However, current in vitro models are often confined to 2D or 2.5D microarchitectures, which is difficult to mimic the systemic level of complexity of the native tissue. To overcome this problem, physiologically relevant intestinal models are developed with a 3D hollow tubular structure using 3D bioprinting strategy. A tissue‐specific biomaterial, colon‐derived decellularized extracellular matrix (Colon dECM) is developed and it provides significant maturation‐guiding potential to human intestinal cells. To fabricate a perfusable tubular model, a simultaneous printing process of multiple materials through concentrically assembled nozzles is developed and a light‐activated Colon dECM bioink is employed by supplementing with ruthenium/sodium persulfate as a photoinitiator. The bioprinted intestinal tissue models show spontaneous 3D morphogenesis of the human intestinal epithelium without any external stimuli. In consequence, the printed cells form multicellular aggregates and cysts and then differentiate into several types of enterocytes, building junctional networks. This system can serve as a platform to evaluate the effects of potential drug‐induced toxicity on the human intestinal tissue and create a coculture model with commensal microbes and immune cells for future therapeutics.
Challenges and Strategies towards Practically Feasible Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yoon Kyungho , Lee Sunyoung , Oh Kyungbae , Kang Kisuk 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRemarkable improvement of the ionic conductivity of inorganic solid electrolytes (SEs) exceeding 10 mS cm−1 at room temperature has opened up the opportunities to realize the commercialization of solid‐state batteries (SSBs). The transition to the intrinsically inflammable SEs also promises that SSBs would successfully utilize lithium metal anode thus achieving the high‐energy‐density lithium metal batteries without the risk of a safety hazard. However, the practical operation of solid‐state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) still faces the challenges of the poor cycle stability and the low energy efficiency, which are coupled with the interface stability and even with the dendrite growth of lithium metal. This article overviews current understandings regarding the underlying origins of the issues in employing the lithium metal anode in SSLMBs from the five main standpoints: i) the chemical/electrochemical interfacial stability, ii) the microscopic evolution of interfacial morphology, iii) the intrinsic diffusivity of lithium atom/vacancy at the interface, iv) imperfections (defect/pores), and v) non‐negligible electronic conductivity of SEs. The discussions are followed on the state‐of‐the‐art efforts and strategies to overcome these respective challenges. Finally, the authors provide their perspectives for the future research directions toward achieving the commercial level of high‐energy SSLMBs.
Near‐Infrared Persistent Luminescence and Trap Reshuffling in Mn4+ Doped Alkali‐Earth Metal Tungstates
Authors: Du Jiaren , Li Kai , Van Deun Rik , Poelman Dirk , Lin Hengwei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNear‐infrared persistent luminescent materials have great potential for in vivo bioimaging and night‐vision surveillance due to their long‐lasting autofluorescence‐free emission through deep tissues and multicycle photostimulated luminescence by releasing energy from captured traps using high‐intensity 808 or 980 nm lasers. However, phosphors combining both near‐infrared persistent luminescence and photostimulated luminescence are found mostly in chromium doped gallates hosts, other emitters are rarely reported. Herein, a new material system with near‐infrared persistent luminescence is achieved in tetravalent manganese doped double‐perovskite alkali‐earth metal tungstates via the aliovalent substitution of calcium ions with lanthanum ions. Persistent luminescence can be generated via X‐ray irradiation, providing great promise in long‐term deep‐tissue ultrasensitive imaging, information storage, and X‐ray detection. Photostimulated detrapping is successfully demonstrated using a common 420 nm light emitting diode instead of a high‐intensity 808 or 980 nm laser. The traps distribution is proved to be reshuffled upon this laser‐free visible light stimulation. Reshuffling of trap distributions upon visible light stimulation may be promising for optical information storage applications. This work is expected to broaden the range of near‐infrared persistent material systems and provides new insights into manipulating photostimulated traps via laser‐free light stimulation.
The KRAB Domain‐Containing Protein ZFP961 Represses Adipose Thermogenesis and Energy Expenditure through Interaction with PPARα
Authors: Huang Lei , Liu Pengpeng , Yang Qiyuan , Wang Yong‐Xu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAdipose thermogenesis plays a pivotal role in whole‐body metabolic homeostasis. Although transcriptional mechanisms that promote thermogenesis are extensively studied, the negative regulatory network is still poorly understood. Here, a Krüppel‐associated box (KRAB) domain‐containing zinc finger protein, ZFP961, as a potent repressor of the thermogenic program is identified. ZFP961 expression is induced by cold and β3‐adrenergic agonist in adipose tissue. ZFP961 represses brown fat‐selective gene expression and mitochondrial respiration without any effect on general adipogenesis in cultured adipocytes. Adipose‐specific knockdown and overexpression of ZFP961 produce remarkable and opposite phenotypes of white fat remodeling. ZFP961 knockout mice display robust inguinal white adipose tissue browning, which is abolished by reexpression of full‐length ZFP961, but not by KRAB domain‐deleted ZFP961 mutant. ZFP961‐deficient mice are cold tolerant and resistant to high‐fat diet‐induced obesity, hyperglycemia, and hepatic steatosis. ZFP961 suppresses thermogenic gene expression by directly interacting with PPARα and blocking its transcriptional activity, which can be completely negated by the PPARα agonist. The findings uncover ZFP961 as a critical physiological brake that limits adipose thermogenesis and provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms that maintain energy balance and tissue homeostasis.
Low‐Barrier, Dendrite‐Free, and Stable Na Plating/Stripping Enabled by Gradient Sodiophilic Carbon Skeleton
Authors: Yue Liang , Qi Yuruo , Niu Yubin , Bao Shujuan , Xu Maowen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNa metal anodes have attracted widespread attention due to their ultrahigh specific capacity, low redox potential as well as the huge abundance and ubiquitous distribution of sodium resources. However, the practical application of Na metal anodes is largely hindered by their poor cycling stability and safety issues, mainly caused by the uneven deposition and terrible dendrite growth of metallic Na. To regulate the Na deposition behavior and direct uniform plating, herein, a “gradient sodiophilic” carbon skeleton prompted by the difference in the disorder degree and defect concentration is proposed. These extraordinary features render the as‐proposed structure a promising accommodation for metallic Na, with a low nucleation overpotential of only 11.1 mV at 10 mA cm–2 and a small polarization voltage of 12 mV at 5 mA cm–2 in symmetric batteries. Impressively, the resultant structure reveals outstanding advantages in suppressing Na dendrites and thus enables a dendrite‐free Na metal anode. The findings gained in this work provide solutions to construct stable and dendrite‐free Na metal anodes through tailoring the Na deposition behavior.
Enabling 4C Fast Charging of Lithium‐Ion Batteries by Coating Graphite with a Solid‐State Electrolyte
Authors: Kazyak Eric , Chen Kuan‐Hung , Chen Yuxin , Cho Tae H. , Dasgupta Neil P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEnabling fast‐charging (≥4C) of lithium‐ion batteries is an important challenge to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles. However, the desire to maximize energy density has driven the use of increasingly thick electrodes, which hinders rate capability. Herein, atomic layer deposition is used to coat a single‐ion conducting solid electrolyte (Li3BO3‐Li2CO3) onto postcalendered graphite electrodes, forming an artificial solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI). When compared to uncoated control electrodes, the solid electrolyte coating: 1) eliminates natural SEI formation during preconditioning; 2) decreases interphase impedance by >75% compared to the natural SEI; and 3) extends cycle life under 4C charging conditions, enabling retention of 80% capacity after 500 cycles (compared to 12 cycles in the uncoated control) in pouch cells with >3 mAh cm−2 loading. This work demonstrates that 4C charging without Li plating can be achieved through purely interfacial modification without sacrificing energy density and sheds new light on the role of the SEI in Li plating and fast‐charge performance.
Employment status, unemployment duration, and health‐related metrics among US adults of prime working age: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018–2019
Authors: Silver Sharon R. , Li Jia , Quay Brian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhile unemployment has been associated with poor health, few recent studies in the United States have comprehensively assessed associations between employment status (including duration unemployed) and healthcare access, health‐related behaviors, and specific health outcomes.MethodsWe assessed health‐related metrics by employment status in 2018–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System respondents ages 25–54. We calculated the unadjusted prevalence and adjusted prevalence ratios to compare employed workers to respondents who were self‐employed, short‐term (<12 months) unemployed, long‐term unemployed, and unable to work.ResultsAdverse health outcomes increased with unemployment duration and were highest for those unable to work. Non‐Hispanic Blacks were most likely to be unemployed or unable to work. Short‐term unemployment and self‐employment were associated with poor healthcare access. Health behaviors and outcomes declined with increasing duration of unemployment and were worst for those unable to work.ConclusionsIn the United States, access to affordable healthcare is problematic for both the self‐employed and the short‐term unemployed. Short‐term unemployment is a particularly important locus for intervention and provision of resources to prevent health declines that may hinder re‐employment.
A Facile Route to Pyrazolo[1,2‐a]cinnoline via Rhodium(III)‐catalyzed Annulation of Pyrazolidinoes and Iodonium Ylides
Authors: Yang Zi , Zhou Yi , Li Haigang , Lei Jieni , Bing Pingping , He Binsheng , Li Yaqian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA rhodium(III)‐catalysed cascade C−H bond activation/intramolecular cyclization of pyrazolidiones with iodonium ylide has been described, leading to the formation of various pyrazolo[1,2‐a]cinnolines. Herein, iodonium ylide serves as a carbene precursor. This protocol exhibits good regioselectivity and high functional group tolerability under mild reaction conditions.