bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term cardiovascular complications following sepsis: is senescence the missing link?
Authors: Merdji Hamid , Schini-Kerth Valérie , Meziani Ferhat , Toti Florence 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAmong the long-term consequences of sepsis (also termed “post-sepsis syndrome”) the increased risk of unexplained cardiovascular complications, such as myocardial infarction, acute heart failure or stroke, is one of the emerging specific health concerns. The vascular accelerated ageing also named premature senescence is a potential mechanism contributing to atherothrombosis, consequently leading to cardiovascular events. Indeed, vascular senescence-associated major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) are a potential feature in sepsis survivors and of the elderly at cardiovascular risk. In these patients, accelerated vascular senescence could be one of the potential facilitating mechanisms. This review will focus on premature senescence in sepsis regardless of age. It will highlight and refine the potential relationships between sepsis and accelerated vascular senescence. In particular, key cellular mechanisms contributing to cardiovascular events in post-sepsis syndrome will be highlighted, and potential therapeutic strategies to reduce the cardiovascular risk will be further discussed.
Anti-diuretic and anti-glycemic properties of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. leave extract on wistar rats
Authors: Gabriel Benjamin Ogunma , Idu Mac Donald 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundJatropha gossypiifoliaL. is a widespread plant in tropical and sub-tropical countries used in traditional medicine. This study investigated the anti-diuretic and anti-hyperglycemia activities ofJ. gossypiifolialeave extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.MethodsThe leaves was shade dried, pulverized and prepared into extract. 30, 50 and 100 mg/kg of the leaves extracts ofJ. gossypiifoliawas subject to diuretics and hyperglycemic properties using established protocol of diuretic and diabetes test on the rat bladders emptied via mild compression in the pelvic region and gently pulling of their tails. 0.5 ml/kg normal saline, reference drug and the tested were administered with a single dose of the various drugs, and Streptozotocin (STZ) was freshly prepared in 0.1 M citrate buffer with pH 4.5 prior to induction, animals were fasted 24 h and single dose of 45 mg STZ per kg body weight was administered intraperitoneally. Urine and blood samples were isolated from rats and centrifuged for the determination of renal function test. Diuretic and antidiabetic indexes where evaluated using adopted method.ResultsThis study showed that, graded doses of the extract significantly increased diuretic effect, specifically at 100 mg/kg increased diuretic index at 4.29 and urine volume 5.06 and 10 mg/kg Hydrochlorothiazide with 6.23 ml when compared untreated group (1.18 ml) (p < 0.0001). Also, it regulated renal function in homeostatic state. Graded doses at (30, 50 and 100 mg/kg) of the extract significantly reduced streptozotocine induced increased blood glucose level at day 14 (84.00, 60.67 and 42.00 IU/mL) when compared with 20 mg/kg glibenclamide and diabetics control (81.67 and 463.00 IU/mL) (p > 0.05). Also, the extract maintained a normal body mass indexes, biochemical and anatomical structure.ConclusionThe effect associated withJ. gossypiifoliapotentiated its anti-diuretic and anti-hyperglycemic properties as early stated in the ethnomedicinal reports.
Cytoreductive Surgery of the Primary Tumor in Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Impact on Patients’ Survival
Authors: Srougi Victor , Bancos Irina , Daher Marilyne , Lee Jeffrey E , Graham Paul H , Karam Jose A , Henriquez Andres , Mckenzie Travis J , Sada Alaa , Bourdeau Isabelle , Poirier Jonathan , Vaidya Anand , Abbondanza Tiffany , Kiernan Colleen M , Rao Sarika N , Hamidi Oksana , Sachithanandan Nirupa , Hoff Ana O , Chambo Jose L , Almeida Madson Q , Habra Mouhammed Amir , Fragoso Maria C B V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Context
The role of cytoreduction of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) remains poorly understood.

Objective
To analyze the impact of cytoreductive surgery of the primary tumor in patients with metastatic ACC.

Design and Setting
We performed a multicentric, retrospective paired cohort study comparing the overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic ACC who were treated either with cytoreductive surgery (CR group) or without cytoreductive surgery (no-CR group) of the primary tumor. Data were retrieved from 9 referral centers in the American-Australian-Asian Adrenal Alliance collaborative research group.

Patients
Patients aged ≥18 years with metastatic ACC at initial presentation who were treated between January 1, 1995, and May 31, 2019.

Intervention
Performance (or not) of cytoreductive surgery of the primary tumor.

Main outcome and measures
A propensity score match was done using age and the number of organs with metastasis (≤2 or &gt;2). The main outcome was OS, determined from the date of diagnosis until death or until last follow-up for living patients.

Results
Of 339 patients pooled, 239 were paired and included: 128 in the CR group and 111 in the no-CR group. The mean follow-up was 67 months. Patients in the no-CR group had greater risk of death than did patients in the CR group (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.18; 95% CI, 2.34-4.32). Independent predictors of survival included age (HR = 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.03), hormone excess (HR = 2.56; 95% CI, 1.66-3.92), and local metastasis therapy (HR = 0.41; 95% CI, 0.47-0.65).

Conclusion
Cytoreductive surgery of the primary tumor in patients with metastatic ACC is associated with prolonged survival.
Embryonic hyperglycemia perturbs the development of specific retinal cell types, including photoreceptors
Authors: Titialii-Torres Kayla F. , Morris Ann C. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Diabetes is linked to various long-term complications in adults, such as neuropathy, nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes poses additional risks for pregnant women, because glucose passes across the placenta, and excess maternal glucose can result in diabetic embryopathy. While many studies have examined the teratogenic effects of maternal diabetes on fetal heart development, little is known about the consequences of maternal hyperglycemia on the development of the embryonic retina. To address this question, we investigated retinal development in two models of embryonic hyperglycemia in zebrafish. Strikingly, we found that hyperglycemic larvae displayed a significant reduction in photoreceptors and horizontal cells, whereas other retinal neurons were not affected. We also observed reactive gliosis and abnormal optokinetic responses in hyperglycemic larvae. Further analysis revealed delayed retinal cell differentiation in hyperglycemic embryos that coincided with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results suggest that embryonic hyperglycemia causes abnormal retinal development via altered timing of cell differentiation and ROS production, which is accompanied by visual defects. Further studies using zebrafish models of hyperglycemia will allow us to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.
Preoperative spinopelvic hypermobility resolves following total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Sculco Peter K. , Windsor Eric N. , Jerabek Seth A. , Mayman David J. , Elbuluk Ameer , Buckland Aaron J. , Vigdorchik Jonathan M. 
Published: December 2021

Aims Spinopelvic mobility plays an important role in functional acetabular component position following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The primary aim of this study was to determine if spinopelvic hypermobility persists or resolves following THA. Our second aim was to identify patient demographic or radiological factors associated with hypermobility and resolution of hypermobility after THA. Methods This study investigated patients with preoperative posterior hypermobility, defined as a change in sacral slope (SS) from standing to sitting (ΔSSstand-sit) ≥ 30°. Radiological spinopelvic parameters, including SS, pelvic incidence (PI), lumbar lordosis (LL), PI-LL mismatch, anterior pelvic plane tilt (APPt), and spinopelvic tilt (SPT), were measured on preoperative imaging, and at six weeks and a minimum of one year postoperatively. The severity of bilateral hip osteoarthritis (OA) was graded using Kellgren-Lawrence criteria. Results A total of 136 patients were identified as having preoperative spinopelvic hypermobility. At one year after THA, 95% (129/136) of patients were no longer categorized as hypermobile on standing and sitting radiographs (ΔSSstand-sit < 30°). Mean ΔSSstand-sit decreased from 36.4° (SD 5.1°) at baseline to 21.4° (SD 6.6°) at one year (p < 0.001). Mean SSseated increased from baseline (11.4° (SD 8.8°)) to one year after THA by 11.5° (SD 7.4°) (p < 0.001), which correlates to an 8.5° (SD 5.5°) mean decrease in seated functional cup anteversion. Contralateral hip OA was the only radiological predictor of hypermobility persisting at one year after surgery. The overall reoperation rate was 1.5%. Conclusion Spinopelvic hypermobility was found to resolve in the majority (95%) of patients one year after THA. The increase in SSseated was clinically significant, suggesting that current target recommendations for the hypermobile patient (decreased anteversion and inclination) should be revisited. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(12):1766–1773.
microRNA-136-5p from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes facilitates fracture healing by targeting LRP4 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Yu Haichi , Zhang Jun , Liu Xiaoning , Li Yingzhi 
Published: December 2021

AimsExosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been reported to be a promising cellular therapeutic approach for various human diseases. The current study aimed to investigate the mechanism of BMSC-derived exosomes carrying microRNA (miR)-136-5p in fracture healing.MethodsA mouse fracture model was initially established by surgical means. Exosomes were isolated from BMSCs from mice. The endocytosis of the mouse osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cell line was analyzed. CCK-8 and disodium phenyl phosphate microplate methods were employed to detect cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, respectively. The binding of miR-136-5p to low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 4 (LRP4) was analyzed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. HE staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the healing of the bone tissue ends, the positive number of osteoclasts, and the positive expression of β-catenin protein, respectively.ResultsmiR-136-5p promoted fracture healing and osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. BMSC-derived exosomes exhibited an enriched miR-136-5p level, and were internalized by MC3T3-E1 cells. LRP4 was identified as a downstream target gene of miR-136-5p. Moreover, miR-136-5p or exosomes isolated from BMSCs (BMSC-Exos) containing miR-136-5p activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through the inhibition of LRP4 expression. Furthermore, BMSC-derived exosomes carrying miR-136-5p promoted osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, thereby promoting fracture healing.ConclusionBMSC-derived exosomes carrying miR-136-5p inhibited LRP4 and activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, thus facilitating fracture healing. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(12):744–758.
Hip and distal femur fracture outcomes over three successive UK lockdown periods during the COVID-19 pandemic: what have we learnt?
Authors: Sadiq Salman , Lipski Caroline , Hanif Umar-Khetaab , Arshad Faizan , Chaudary Muhammad , Chaudhry Fouad 
Published: December 2021

Aims This study assessed the impact of COVID-19 on hip and distal femur fracture patient outcomes across three successive UK lockdown periods over one year. Methods A single-centre retrospective cohort study was performed at an acute NHS Trust. Hip and distal femur fracture patients admitted within the first month from each of the three starting dates of each national lockdown were included and compared to a control group in March 2019. Data were collected as per the best practice tariff outcomes including additional outcomes as required. Data collection included COVID-19 status, time to theatre, 30-day mortality, presence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and pneumonia, and do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNACPR) status. Data were analyzed using an independent-samples t-test or chi-squared test with Fisher’s exact test where applicable. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 95 patients during the pandemic were included and 20 were COVID-positive. Patients experienced a statistically significant increase in time to theatre in Lockdown 1 compared to 2019 (p = 0.039) with a decrease with successive lockdown periods by Lockdown 3. The 30-day mortality increased from 8.8% in 2019 to 10.0% to 14.8% in all lockdown periods. COVID-positive patient mortality was 30.0% (p = 0.063, odds ratio (OR) = 4.43 vs 2019). The rates of AKI and pneumonia experienced were higher for patients during the pandemic. The highest rates were experienced in COVID-positive patients, with 45.0% of patients with AKI versus 27.0% in 2019 (p = 0.38, OR = 1.80), and 50.0% of patients diagnosed with pneumonia versus 16.2% in 2019 (p = 0.0012, OR = 5.17). The percentage of patients with a DNACPR increased from 30.0% in 2019 to 60.7% by Lockdown 3 (p = 0.034, OR = 3.61). Conclusion COVID-positive hip and distal femur fracture patients are at a higher risk of mortality due to AKI and pneumonia. Patient outcomes have improved with successive lockdowns to pre-pandemic levels. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(12):1017–1026.
Ultrasensitive terahertz sensing in all-dielectric asymmetric metasurfaces based on quasi-BIC
Authors: Li Zhongfu , Xiang Yuanjiang , Xu Shixiang , Dai Xiaoyu 
Published: December 2021

The bound state in the continuum (BIC), which supports exceptional resonance in the optical range, has attracted significant attention for its bright applications in sensors and other optical devices. However, it is difficult to cover the analyte’s transmission/reflection spectrum since BIC possesses an infinite

Q

factor. In this work, we proposed a thoughtful all-dielectric columns structure with broken symmetry that supports quasi-BIC to achieve ultrasensitive sensing in the terahertz range. Our metasurfaces consist of a series of periodic unit cells, including two silicon columns with asymmetric cylindrical holes and a

S
i
O

2

substrate. Quasi-BIC resonances can be observed by the transmission/reflection spectrum. The quasi-BIC resonances with a narrow frequency width are sensitive to the surrounding media and the sensitivity can achieve 170.58 GHz/RIU. We believe our ultrasensitive sensor with high performance and sensitivity provides an exciting platform for biosensing.
Hospital delivery and neonatal mortality in 37 countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia: An ecological study
Authors: Gage Anna D. , Fink Günther , Ataguba John E. , Kruk Margaret E. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Widespread increases in facility delivery have not substantially reduced neonatal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia over the past 2 decades. This may be due to poor quality care available in widely used primary care clinics. In this study, we examine the association between hospital delivery and neonatal mortality.

Methods and findings
We used an ecological study design to assess cross-sectional associations between the share of hospital delivery and neonatal mortality across country regions. Data were from the Demographic and Health Surveys from 2009 to 2018, covering 682,239 births across all regions. We assess the association between the share of facility births in a region that occurred in hospitals (versus lower-level clinics) and early (0 to 7 days) neonatal mortality per 1,000 births, controlling for potential confounders including the share of facility births, small at birth, maternal age, maternal education, urbanicity, antenatal care visits, income, region, and survey year. We examined changes in this association in different contexts of country income, global region, and urbanicity using interaction models.
Across the 1,143 regions from 37 countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, 42%, 29%, and 28% of births took place in a hospital, clinic, and at home, respectively. A 10-percentage point higher share of facility deliveries occurring in hospitals was associated with 1.2 per 1,000 fewer deaths (p-value < 0.01; 95% CI: 0.82 to 1.60), relative to mean mortality of 22. Associations were strongest in South Asian countries, middle-income countries, and urban regions. The study’s limitations include the inability to control for all confounding factors given the ecological and cross-sectional design and potential misclassification of facility levels in our data.

Conclusions
Regions with more hospital deliveries than clinic deliveries have reduced neonatal mortality. Increasing delivery in hospitals while improving quality across the health system may help to reduce high neonatal mortality.
ASK ME!—Routine measurement of patient experience with patient safety in ambulatory care: A mixed-mode survey
Authors: Stahl Katja , Groene Oliver 
Published: December 2021

Objective
Routine measurement of patient safety from the patients’ perspective receives increasing attention as an important component of safety measurement systems. The aim of this study was to examine patients’ experience with patient safety in ambulatory care and the results’ implications for routine patient safety measurement in ambulatory care.

Design
Cross-sectional mixed-mode survey.

Setting
General practitioner and specialist practices.

Participants
Patients aged >18 years seeking care in ambulatory care practices between February and June 2020.

Methods
A 22-item-questionnaire was completed in the practice or at home either on paper or online. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the influence of survey mode and patient characteristics on patient experience with patient safety.

Results
The overall response rate was 71.1%. Most patients completed the questionnaire on site (76.6%) and on paper (96.1%). Between 30.1% to 68.5% of the respondents report the most positive option for patient experience with the main domains of patient safety. A total of 2.9% of patients reported having experienced a patient-safety event (PSE) during the last 12 months. Patients who filled in the questionnaire off site were more likely to report negative experiences for the scales communication & information (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0–1.5), rapport & participation (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.7) and access (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.9–1.4) than those who completed it on site. Those who chose a paper questionnaire were more likely to report negative experiences for all five scales compared to web responders.

Conclusion
Routine measurement of patient experience with factors contributing to the occurrence of PSEs can achieve high response rates by offering flexible participation options. Results gained from mixed-mode surveys need to take mode-effects into account when interpreting and using the results. Further research is needed in how to adequately assess number and type of experienced events in routine measurements.
Genomic characterization of non-schistosomiasis-related squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: A retrospective exploratory study
Authors: Al-ezzi Esmail M. , Veitch Zachary W. , Salah Samer H. , Van der Kwast Theodorus H. , Stockley Tracy L. , Selvarajah Shamini , Zhang Tong , Sridhar Srikala S. , Sacher Adrian G. , Fallah-rad Nazanin , Kulkarni Girish S. , Zlotta Alexandre R. , Finelli Antonio , Hansen Aaron R. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Non-schistosomiasis related-squamous cell carcinoma of urinary bladder (NSR-SCCUB) is a rare tumor subtype distinct from urothelial carcinoma (UC). Studies assessing molecular biomarkers in bladder cancer have generally focused on UC, and genomic data of NSR-SCCUB is limited. We aim to provide additional insight into the molecular underpinnings of this rare entity.

Methods
NSR-SCCUB patients were identified retrospectively at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre between 2002 and 2017. Demographics, disease characteristics, therapeutic approaches, and outcomes were collected. Tissue samples were interrogated using the Oncomine Comprehensive Assay v3 (ThermoFisher). Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the disease-free survival and overall survival (OS).

Results
Overall, 11 patients with NSR-SCCUB were identified between 2002 and 2017 with adequate tissue samples. Median age was 71 years (45–86), predominantly male (63.6%). At time of diagnosis, 9 patients (81.8%) had muscle-invasive disease, 1 (9.1%) had non-muscle invasive, and 1 (9.1%) had advanced disease. Nine (81.8%) patients had radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph nodes dissection. Eight (72.7%) patients had pT3 or pT4 with N0, and 5 (45.5%) were grade 3. Median OS was 12.5 months (95% CI 7.7–17.2 months). Single nucleotide variants or insertion/deletions were identified in TP53, TERT, PIK3CA, PTEN, CREBBP, FBXW7, and FGFR3. Amplifications were found in CCND1, and EGFR.

Conclusions
NSR-SCCUB has potentially actionable genomic alterations with anticancer agents and many of these aberrations are also seen in UC. The recruitment of NSR-SCCUB patients harboring such mutations should be considered in biomarker driven urinary bladder cancer studies.
Measurement properties of the Brazilian versions of Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia in individuals with shoulder pain
Authors: Kamonseki Danilo Harudy , Haik Melina Nevoeiro , Ribeiro Larissa Pechincha , Almeida Rafaela Firmino de , Almeida Lucas Araújo de , Fonseca Carlos Luques , Camargo Paula Rezende 
Published: December 2021

PurposeTo verify the measurement properties of the Brazilian versions of Fear-avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) in individuals with shoulder pain.MethodsIndividuals with shoulder pain (>18 years) were included in this study. Structural validity was verified by exploratory factor analysis, which was used to identify dimensionality of the FABQ and TSK. Test-retest reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficient(3,1)and internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha. Floor or ceiling effects were also investigated. Responsiveness was verified by effect sizes and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsExploratory factor analysis identified two and one factor in the FABQ and TSK, respectively. FABQ and TSK presented moderate to good reliability and adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.70). The floor effect was present in one factor of the FABQ. The FABQ and TSK showed small to moderate effect sizes and did not show adequate AUC.ConclusionFABQ and TSK are multidimensional and unidimensional instruments, respectively. Those instruments presented moderate to good reliability and the responsiveness was considered to be suboptimal in individuals with shoulder pain.