bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPTLC Fingerprint Authentication of Selected Sideritis spp. Using a Pharmacognostic Approach
Authors: Pihan Lisa-Anna-Maria , Peter Samuel , Vollmer Günter , Meier Beat , Wolfram Evelyn 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe genus Sideritis (Lamiaceae) comprises around 150 species, of which many are popular herbal remedies in Mediterranean folk medicine. Already mentioned by Dioscorides and Theophrastus, the “ironwort” or “Greek mountain tea” has been receiving increased attention in recent years. A European Union herbal monograph and assessment report (HMPC) has been issued, covering the species Sideritis scardica, S. clandestina, S. raeseri, and S. syriaca. This study presents results of a first pharmacognostic examination of the botanical and phytochemical differences among and between these emerging commercial species, and other, less studied species. An HPTLC method is proposed for normal phase separation of the species; this means applying two mobile phases on silica plates and subsequent derivatization with natural product reagent (NP/PEG) for visualization of phenolic compounds and anisaldehyde for a broader detection. With the help of selected reference
compounds, a system suitability test was established for proper chromatographic separation. The method was applied to specimens from botanical gardens and commercial raw material in order to test its suitability for differentiation and authentication. The HPTLC analysis also includes, for the first time, S. hyssopifolia and other less used Sideritis species. The results might enable the development of a validated phytochemical fingerprint authentication procedure for quality assurance of Sideritis herba.
Organic Sulfinic Acids and Salts in Visible Light-Induced Reactions
Authors: Lu Hongjian , Lu Zheng , Shang Mingzhou 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSulfinic acids and their salts are a useful source of sulfur-containing structures. Photocatalysis of these compounds with visible light enables to achieve various transformations under mild conditions. This review summarizes visible-light-induced reactions of sulfinic acids and their salts. It is organized by reaction type and brief discussions on plausible reaction mechanisms for typical transformations are presented.1	Introduction2	Sulfonylation Reactions2.1	Sulfonylation of Alkenes2.2	Sulfonylation of Alkynes2.3	Sulfonylation of Arenes2.4	sp3 C–H Functionalization3	Desulfonylation Reactions4	Sulfenylation Reactions4.1	Sulfenylation of Heteroarenes4.2	Sulfenylation of Carbonyl Chlorides5	Conclusions
Results of the Diaphragmatic Plication Database: 10 Years' Experience
Authors: Kosse Nils Jurriaan , Galetin Thomas , Schwarz Sarah Bettina , Mathes Tim , Koryllos Aris , Lopez-Pastorini Alberto , Beckers Frank , Stoelben Erich 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis or paresis (UDP) in adults is an often overlooked disease which relevantly impairs the patient's lung function and quality of life. Particularly in idiopathic UDP, there is no evidence for conservative therapy and only little evidence for surgical therapy.
Methods The method involves retrospective single-center analysis of patients with UDP persistent for at least 1 year who were operated by diaphragmatic resection, plication, and augmentation with a polypropylene mesh. The patients were tested for lung and diaphragmatic function, six-minute walk test (6MWT), and blood gas analysis before, 3 and 12 months after surgery.
Results In total, 85 patients received surgery for UDP. The most frequent reasons for UDP were idiopathic (67%), iatrogenic (mainly cardiac and cervical spine surgery; 24%), and trauma (9%). The mean operation time was 84 ± 24 minutes, the length of hospital stay 8.4 ± 3.9 days, chest tubes were removed after 11.7 ± 4.1 days. Overall morbidity was 42%, mortality 0%. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in supine position improved by 12.4% absolute, vital capacity by 11.8% absolute, and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure by 1.4 kPa 12 months after surgery (p <0.001 each). Total lung capacity increased by 6.8% absolute at 12 months (p = 0.001) The 6MWT distance improved by 45.9 m at 3 months and 50.9 m at 12 months (p = 0.001, each).
Conclusion Surgical therapy for UDP is highly effective in the long term. The superiority over conservative treatments needs to be evaluated prospectively with standardized physiotherapeutic protocols. FEV1 in supine position and 6MWT are easy to perform tests and represent statistically and patient-relevant outcomes.
Ideologia cavalleresca e cavalleria sportiva nel
Curial
Authors: Escartí Vicent Josep 
Published: October 2021

Astratto
Questo articolo fa un percorso sulla ideologia
della cavalleria, dalle proposte teoriche di Raimondo Lullo fino
alle novelle Tirante il Bianco e Curial e
Güelfa. Tra il Duecento ed il Quattrocento si osserva
una evoluzione degli ideali e della pratica della cavalleria nella
Corona d’Aragona. Si passa di una cavalleria ideologica e religiosa
a una cavalleria dove il componente amoroso e di esibizione sociale
ha un ruolo importantissimo. Tra le teorie di Lullo colla quale si
formavano i cavaliere -anche nella letteratura del XV secolo- e la
prassi delle novelle alla fine del Medioevo, le differenze sono
evidentissime.
Derivational patterns in spontaneous data of French-speaking parent-child
interactions before age three
Authors: Kilani-Schoch Marianne , Xanthos Aris 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This chapter is a first step towards the characterisation
of the morphological structure of the French lexicon in early first language
acquisition, i.e. before children coin novel word formations. Focusing on
nouns and verbs, it analyses the variety of derivational means used by
toddlers and caregivers in two corpora of French-speaking children
(1;4/1;6–2;11). A comparison is done with a sample of adult-directed (ADS)
speech. Findings on derivation are compared with previous observations on
compounds in the same data. The results display the development of
tight-knit morphological relationships within the lexicon and a clear
prevalence of suffixation over other derivational means and compounding.
Along with errors in affixed words, these relationships provide cues of
early detection of derivational morphology in child speech.
Derivation in Finnish child speech and child-directed speech
Authors: Laalo Klaus 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This chapter examines the early phases of the
acquisition of Finnish derivational morphology: what kind of derivational
types are used in early child speech and child-directed speech? Which types
emerge first and why these types? The analysis is based on recorded and
transcribed material of two Finnish-speaking children and their caregivers.
In addition, some diary data are used to illustrate the emergence of
innovative derived words and the productivity of different derivational
types. The study shows the importance of productivity and frequency to the
emergence of Finnish derivational types can best be observed in verbs and
adjectives: the derivational types which are most frequently used and
productive in Finnish emerge early and are frequently used in child
speech.
Capronia chlorospora
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Capronia chlorospora
, found on rotten branch of
Salix caprea
. Some information on its morphological characteristics, associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Europe (Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Norway, Spain, Sweden), Switzerland, UK, North America (Canada, Prince Edward Island), USA (Arizona, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ohio, Vermont), South America (Argentina)).
Capronia pleiospora
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Capronia pleiospora
, which has been found on dead and often decorticated branches, twigs and other woody material. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Europe (Belgium, Denmark, France, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, UK), North America (Canada (British Columbia))).
Capronia pulcherrima
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Capronia pulcherrima
, found on bark, wood, dead branches and other woody debris, and has been recorded in sputum of humans suffering from cystic fibrosis. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Spain, Sweden, UK), North America (Canada (Nunavut, Ontario), USA (Florida))).
Ceramothyrium linnaeae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Ceramothyrium linnaeae
(Chaetothyriaceae, Chaetothyriales) found on living leaves of
Linnaea borealis
. Information on its morphology, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Sweden and Canada (New Brunswick)) and associated organisms (
Metacoleroa dickiei, Equisetum fluviatile, Linnaea borealis, Linnaea borealis
var.
americana
and
Lycopodium annotinum
).
Knufia peltigerae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Knufia peltigerae
found on degraded thalli of
Peltigera canina
. Information on its morphology, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Greenland, Papua New Guinea, Turkey, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, Canada (Ontario), USA (Alaska) and Colombia) and associated organisms (
Peltigera britannica, P. canina, P. rufescens
(thallus),
Peltigera
sp.,
Buxus sempervirens
and
Pinus sylvestris
).
Phialophora americana
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Phialophora americana
(Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales) found on decayed wood. Some information on its morphology, habitats, dispersal and transmission, conservation status and economic impacts is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Antarctica, China (Changbai Mountains), Iran, Taiwan, Australia (Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia), Austria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, UK, Canada (New Brunswick, Northwest Territories), Mexico, USA (Minnesota, New York, Virginia, Wisconsin), Chile, Brazil (Parana, Pernambuco, Sao Paulo) and Uruguay) and associated organisms (man, woody plants and other wood-inhabiting fungi).
X-ray grating interferometry design for the 4D GRAPH-X system
Authors: Patera Alessandra , Arboleda Carolina , Ferrero Veronica , Fiorina Elisa , Jefimovs Konstantins , Giudice Alessandro Lo , Milian Felix Mas , Mereu Paolo , Pallotta Stefania , Ramello Luciano , Re Alessandro , Visca Lorenzo , Cerello Piergiorgio 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The 4D GRAPH-X (Dynamic GRAting-based PHase contrast x-ray imaging) project aims at developing a prototype of an x-ray grating-based phase-contrast imaging scanner in a laboratory setting, which is based on the Moirè single-shot acquisition method in order to be optimized for analysing moving objects (in the specific case, a dynamic thorax phantom), that could evolve into a suitable tool for biomedical applications although it can be extended to other application fields. When designing an x-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer, high visibility and sensitivity are two important figures of merit, strictly related to the performance of the system in obtaining high quality phase contrast and dark-field images. Wave field simulations are performed to optimize the setup specifications and construct a high-resolution and high-sensitivity imaging system. In this work, the design of a dynamic imaging setup using a conventional milli-focus x-ray source is presented. Optimization by wave front simulations leads to a symmetric configuration with 5.25 μm pitch at third Talbot order and 45 keV design energy. The simulated visibility is about 22%. Results from GATE based Monte Carlo simulations show a 19% transmission percentage of the incoming beam into the detector after passing through all the gratings and the sample. Such results are promising in view of building a system optimized for dynamic imaging.
Quantum phase transitions and band mixing in 135Ba
Authors: Majarshin A J , Luo Yan-An , Pan Feng , Fortune H T , Zhang Yu , Draayer J P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Quantum phase transitions and band-mixing phenomena are considered within the framework of a two-state boson–fermion model for the odd-mass 135Ba nucleus. The purpose of the study is to further explore the nature of the interplay between these modalities within the framework of an even–even boson core described by an IBM Hamiltonian coupled to a j = 3/2 fermion as a function of the strength of the coupling constant that links the boson and fermion pictures. The results show that excitation energies and the known E2 strengths of 135Ba are sensitive to the strength of the coupling constant, with a best fit to known experimental results yielding results that lie close to those of the recently proposed E(5/4) model.
Highly adjustable piezoelectric properties in two-dimensional LiAlTe2 by strain and stacking
Authors: Qiu Jian , Chen Xianping , Zhang Fusheng , Zhu Bao , Guo Haojie , Liu Xiaodong , Yu Jiabing , Bao Jiading 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) piezoelectric materials have attracted wide attention because they are of great significance to the composition of piezoelectric nanogenerators. In this work, we have systematically studied the piezoelectric properties of 2D LiAlTe2 by using the first-principles calculation and found the 2D LiAlTe2 monolayer exhibits both large in-plane piezoelectric coefficient d
11 (3.73 pm V−1) and out-of-plane piezoelectric coefficient d
31 (0.97 pm V−1). Moreover, the piezoelectric coefficients of 2D LiAlTe2 are highly tunable by strain and stacking. When different uniaxial strains are applied, d
11 changes dramatically, but d
31 changes little. When 2% stretching is applied to 2D LiAlTe2 monolayer along the x-axis, d
11 reaches 7.80 pm V−1, which is twice as large as the previously reported 2D piezoelectric material MoS2. Both AA stacking and AB stacking can enhance the piezoelectric properties of 2D LiAlTe2, but they have different effects on in-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectric coefficients. AA stacking can greatly increase d
31 but has little impact on d
11. In the case of four-layer AA stacking, the d
31 reaches 3.32 pm V−1. AB stacking can both increase d
11 and d
31, but d
11 grows faster than d
31 as the number of layers increases. In the case of four-layer AB stacking, d
11 reaches 18.05 pm V−1. The excellent and highly tunable piezoelectric performance provides 2D LiAlTe2 greater potential for the application of piezoelectric nano-generators and other micro-nano piezoelectric devices.
Collective stimulated Brillouin scattering with shared ion acoustic wave under the action of two overlapping laser beams
Authors: Qiu Jie , Hao Liang , Cao Lihua , Zou Shiyang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The overlapping of multiple beams is common in inertial confinement fusion (ICF), making the collective stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) with shared ion acoustic wave (IAW) potentially important because of the effectively larger laser intensities to drive the instability. In this work, based on a linear kinetic model, an exact analytic solution for the convective amplification of collective SBS with shared IAW stimulated by two overlapped beams is presented. From this solution, effects of the wavelength difference, crossing angle, polarization states, and finite beam overlapping volume of the two laser beams on the collective SBS modes with shared IAW are studied. It is found that a wavelength difference of several nanometers between the laser beams has negligible effects, except for a very small crossing angle about one degree. However, the crossing angle, beam polarization states, and finite beam overlapping volume can have significant influences. Furthermore, the out-of-plane modes, in which the wavevectors of daughter waves lie in different planes from the two overlapped beams, are found to be important for certain polarization states and crossing angles of the laser beams. This work is helpful to comprehend and estimate the collective SBS with shared IAW in ICF experiments.
Stimulation of the dorsal root ganglion using an Injectrode®
Authors: Dalrymple Ashley N , Ting Jordyn E , Bose Rohit , Trevathan James K , Nieuwoudt Stephan , Lempka Scott F , Franke Manfred , Ludwig Kip A , Shoffstall Andrew J , Fisher Lee E , Weber Douglas J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective. The goal of this work was to compare afferent fiber recruitment by dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation using an injectable polymer electrode (Injectrode®) and a more traditional cylindrical metal electrode. Approach. We exposed the L6 and L7 DRG in four cats via a partial laminectomy or burr hole. We stimulated the DRG using an Injectrode or a stainless steel (SS) electrode using biphasic pulses at three different pulse widths (80, 150, 300 μs) and pulse amplitudes spanning the range used for clinical DRG stimulation. We recorded antidromic evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs) in the sciatic, tibial, and common peroneal nerves using nerve cuffs. We calculated the conduction velocity of the ECAPs and determined the charge-thresholds and recruitment rates for ECAPs from Aα, Aβ, and Aδ fibers. We also performed electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements for both electrode types. Main results. The ECAP thresholds for the Injectrode did not differ from the SS electrode across all primary afferents (Aα, Aβ, Aδ) and pulse widths; charge-thresholds increased with wider pulse widths. Thresholds for generating ECAPs from Aβ fibers were 100.0 ± 32.3 nC using the SS electrode, and 90.9 ± 42.9 nC using the Injectrode. The ECAP thresholds from the Injectrode were consistent over several hours of stimulation. The rate of recruitment was similar between the Injectrodes and SS electrode and decreased with wider pulse widths. Significance. The Injectrode can effectively excite primary afferents when used for DRG stimulation within the range of parameters used for clinical DRG stimulation. The Injectrode can be implanted through minimally invasive techniques while achieving similar neural activation to conventional electrodes, making it an excellent candidate for future DRG stimulation and neuroprosthetic applications.
Adaptive asynchronous control system of robotic arm based on augmented reality-assisted brain–computer interface
Authors: Chen Lingling , Chen Pengfei , Zhao Shaokai , Luo Zhiguo , Chen Wei , Pei Yu , Zhao Hongyu , Jiang Jing , Xu Minpeng , Yan Ye , Yin Erwei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective. Brain-controlled robotic arms have shown broad application prospects with the development of robotics, science and information decoding. However, disadvantages, such as poor flexibility restrict its wide application. Approach. In order to alleviate these drawbacks, this study proposed a robotic arm asynchronous control system based on steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) in an augmented reality (AR) environment. In the AR environment, the participants were able to concurrently see the robot arm and visual stimulation interface through the AR device. Therefore, there was no need to switch attention frequently between the visual stimulation interface and the robotic arm. This study proposed a multi-template algorithm based on canonical correlation analysis and task-related component analysis to identify 12 targets. An optimization strategy based on dynamic window was adopted to adjust the duration of visual stimulation adaptively. Main results. Experimental results of this study found that the high-frequency SSVEP-based brain–computer interface (BCI) realized the switch of the system state, which controlled the robotic arm asynchronously. The average accuracy of the offline experiment was 94.97

%

, whereas the average information translate rate was 67.37 ± 14.27 bits·min−1. The online results from ten healthy subjects showed that the average selection time of a single online command was 2.04 s, which effectively reduced the visual fatigue of the subjects. Each subject could quickly complete the puzzle task. Significance. The experimental results demonstrated the feasibility and potential of this human-computer interaction strategy and provided new ideas for BCI-controlled robots.
Effects of zonal flows on ion temperature gradient instability in the scrape-off layer of a field-reversed configuration
Authors: Wei X.S. , Wang W.H. , Lin Z. , Choi G.J. , Dettrick S. , Lau C. , Liu P.F. , Tajima T. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Gyrokinetic simulations of long wavelength ion temperature gradient (ITG) turbulence in the scrape-off layer (SOL) of a field-reversed configuration (FRC) find that zonal flows are nonlinearly generated and are the dominant mechanism for the nonlinear saturation of the ITG instability. After the ITG saturation, zonal flows remain undamped and gradually suppress the turbulent transport to a very low level. In the simulations with collisions, collisional damping gradually reduces zonal flow amplitude to a lower level, which allows finite ITG turbulence intensity and ion heat transport in the SOL. The steady state turbulence intensity and ion heat transport are found to be proportional to the collision frequency. This favorable scaling suggests that minimizing collisions (e.g. increasing temperature, reducing impurity content, etc) and preserving toroidal symmetry could improve plasma confinement in the FRC.
Topological hybrid nanocavity for coupling phase transition
Authors: Zhang Hongyu , Zheng Yanji , Yu Zhi-Ming , Hu Xiaoyong , Lu Cuicui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Topological photonic nanocavity provides a robust platform for realizing nano-photonic devices and studying light–matter interaction. Here, a topological photonic-plasmonic hybrid nanocavity, assembling a topological photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavity with a plasmonic nano-antenna, is proposed to have an ultra-high figure of merit Q/V of

1.5
×

10
6

(
λ

/

n

)

−
3

, which is two orders higher than that of the bare topological PhC nanocavity. The single-atom cooperativity parameter is improved by over 60 times due to the large enhancement of Q/V, which makes the coupling between light and a single emitter enter a strong coupling region in topological photonic realm for the first time. Meanwhile, strong coupling and weak coupling can be easily switched in the topological hybrid system by tuning the structure dimension of plasmonic nano-antennas. This work provides a robust platform to control coupling phase transition between light and a single emitter, which has great potential in topological lasers, quantum optics and quantum information.