bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chinese Patent Medicine Liuweiwuling Tablet had Potent Inhibitory Effects on Both Wild-Type and Entecavir-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in vitro and Effectively Suppressed HBV Replication in Mouse Model
Authors: Ge Fei-lin , Si Lan-lan , Yang Yan , Li Yuan-hua , Lv Zhong-lin , Liu Wen-hui , Liao Hao , Wang Jun , Zou Jun , Li Le , Li Hui , Zhang Zi-lin , Wang Jia-bo , Lu Xue-chun , Xu Dong-ping , Bai Zhao-fang , Liu Yan , Xiao Xiao-he 
Published: October 2021

Liuweiwuling Tablet (LWWL) is a licensed Chinese patent medicine (approval number: Z20060238) included in the national health insurance for anti-inflammation of chronic HBV infection, whereas its anti-HBV effect remains clarification. The study aimed to clarify its antiviral effect and related mechanisms. HepG2.2.15 cells (wild-type HBV-replicating cells) and HepG2. A64 cells (entecavir-resistant HBV-replicating cells) were used for in vitro test. Hydrodynamic injection-mediated HBV-replicating mouse model was used for in vivo test. Active compounds and related mechanisms for antiviral effect of LWWL were analyzed using network pharmacology and transcriptomics. The inhibition rates of LWWL (0.8 mg/ml) on HBV DNA, HBsAg, and pgRNA were 57.06, 38.55, and 62.49% in HepG2.2.15 cells, and 51.57, 17.57, and 53.88% in HepG2. A64 cells, respectively. LWWL (2 g kg−1 d−1 for 4 weeks)-treated mice had 1.16 log10 IU/mL decrease of serum HBV DNA, and more than 50% decrease of serum HBsAg/HBeAg and hepatic HBsAg/HBcAg. Compared to tenofovir control, LWWL was less effective in suppressing HBV DNA but more effective in suppressing HBV antigens. Thirteen differentially-expressed genes were found in relation to HBV-host interaction and some of them were enriched in interferon (IFN)-β pathway in LWWL-treated HepG2.2.15 cells. CD3+CD4+ T-cell frequency and serum IFN-γ were significantly increased in LWWL-treated mice compared to LWWL-untreated mice. Among 26 compounds with potential anti-HBV effects that were predicted by network pharmacology, four compounds (quercetin, luteolin, wogonin, and kaempferol) were experimentally confirmed to have antiviral potency. In conclusion, LWWL had potent inhibitory effect on both wild-type and entecavir-resistant HBV, which might be associated with increasing IFN-β and IFN-γ production.
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-morbidities in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Bougeard Clémence , Picarel-Blanchot Françoise , Schmid Ramona , Campbell Rosanne , Buitelaar Jan 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder often present somatic and/or psychiatric co-morbid disorders. The DSM-5 allows for consideration of additional diagnoses besides ASD and may have impacted the prevalence of co-morbidities as well as being limited in capturing the true differences in prevalence observed between males and females. We describe the prevalence of ASD and frequently observed co-morbidities in children and adolescents (&lt;18 years) in the United States and five European countries.Methods: Two systematic literature reviews were conducted in PubMed and Embase for the period 2014–2019 and focusing on the prevalence of ASD and nine co-morbidities of interest based on their frequency and/or severity: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), anxiety, depressive disorders, epilepsy, intellectual disability (ID), sleep disorders, sight/hearing impairment/loss, and gastro-intestinal syndromes (GI).Results: Thirteen studies on prevalence of ASD and 33 on prevalence of co-morbidities were included. Prevalence of ASD was 1.70 and 1.85% in US children aged 4 and 8 years respectively, while prevalence in Europe ranged between 0.38 and 1.55%. Additionally, current evidence is supportive of a global increase in ASD prevalence over the past years. Substantial heterogeneity in prevalence of co-morbidities was observed: ADHD (0.00–86.00%), anxiety (0.00–82.20%), depressive disorders (0.00–74.80%), epilepsy (2.80–77.50%), ID (0.00–91.70%), sleep disorders (2.08–72.50%), sight/hearing impairment/loss (0.00–14.90%/0.00–4.90%), and GI syndromes (0.00–67.80%). Studies were heterogeneous in terms of design and method to estimate prevalence. Gender appears to represent a risk factor for co-morbid ADHD (higher in males) and epilepsy/seizure (higher in females) while age is also associated with ADHD and anxiety (increasing until adolescence).Conclusion: Our results provide a descriptive review of the prevalence of ASD and its co-morbidities in children and adolescents. These insights can be valuable for clinicians and parents/guardians of autistic children. Prevalence of ASD has increased over time while co-morbidities bring additional heterogeneity to the clinical presentation, which further advocates for personalized approaches to treatment and support. Having a clear understanding of the prevalence of ASD and its co-morbidities is important to raise awareness among stakeholders.
Chinese Parent Intention to Vaccinate Children With Special Diseases Against COVID-19
Authors: Wang Xu , Yan Wu , Lu Lingling , Cao Liming , Tian Ye , Zhou Kai 
Published: October 2021

Background: Information on the intention of parents of children with special diseases to vaccinate their children against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is scarce.Methods: In this survey, all participants (n = 914) were enrolled from a tertiary children's hospital between September 2020 and April 2021. A face-to-face questionnaire interview was conducted to collect information on the special diseases of children and parental attitudes about the COVID-19 vaccine. We compared the demographic and disease factors between the group of parents who were willing to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 and the group who were unwilling to vaccinate.Results: Among 941 children, 58.1% (n = 547) were boys. The Mean age was 1.4 (SD 1.9) years. If the COVID-19 vaccine becomes available for the child, 470 (49.9%) of parents were willing to provide vaccination for their children. The less the education levels of the father or mother, the more likely they were to vaccinate their children (P = 0.003, P = 0.007). However, more intentions to vaccinate were provided in parents of children with COVID-19 prevention and control education (P &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Our findings provided evidence that some parents are willing to vaccinate their children with special diseases against COVID-19. Professional knowledge about COVID-19 prevention and control may contribute to increased parental intention.
Nomogram Based on Log Odds of Positive Lymph Nodes Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Patients With T3 and T4 Gallbladder Cancer After Radical Resection
Authors: Yuan Chen , Tao Qiaomeng , Wang Jian , Wang Kai , Zou Shubing , Hu Zhigang 
Published: October 2021

Background: The aim of this study based on log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) is to develop and validate an effective prognostic nomogram for patients with T3 and T4 gallbladder cancer (GBC) after resection.Patients and Methods: A total of 728 T3 and T4 gallbladder cancer patients after resection from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, randomly divided into training cohort and validation cohort according to 7:3. Another 128 patients from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University for external validation. The nomograms were built by the Cox regression model and the Fine and Grey's model. Concordance index (C-index), calibration curve and the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the nomogram and internal verification. The decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to measure clinical applicability.Result: LODDS was independent prognostic predictor for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS), and established the nomograms on this basis. The nomogram we have established has a good evaluation effect, with a C-index of 0.719 (95%CI, 0.707–0.731) for OS and 0.747 (95%CI, 0.733–0.760) for CSS. The calibration curves of OS and CSS both showed good calibration capability, and the AUC for predicting 1-, 2-, and 3-year 0.858, 0.848 were and 0.811 for OS, and 0.794, 0.793, and 0.750 for CSS. The DCA of nomograms both showed good clinical applicability.Conclusion: The nomogram can provide effective OS and CSS prediction for patients with advanced gallbladder cancer after surgery.
On-Call Duties: The Perceived Impact on Veterinarians' Job Satisfaction, Well-Being and Personal Relationships
Authors: Kogan Lori , Schoenfeld-Tacher Regina , Carney Patrick , Hellyer Peter , Rishniw Mark 
Published: October 2021

Objective:To assess the impact of on-call duties on veterinarians' job satisfaction, well-being and personal relationships.Design:Cross-sectional survey.Sample:The sample was obtained from Veterinary Information Network (VIN) members in private practice within the United States.Procedures:A link to an anonymous online survey was distributed via an email invitation to all Veterinary Information Network (VIN) members with access from August 15, 2017 to October 21, 2017.Results:A total of 1,945 responses were recorded. The majority of those who reported having on-call duties were female associates. Composite scales were created to assess the impact of on-call shifts on job satisfaction and well-being. Multiple linear regression was conducted and found that gender (p= 0.0311), associate status (p&lt; 0.0001), and age (p= 0.0293) were all significantly associated with on-call related job satisfaction. Additionally, multiple linear regression found that gender (p= 0.0039), associate status (p&lt; 0.0057), and age (p&lt; 0.0001) were all significantly associated with on-call related well-being. On-call shifts were reported by many to have a negative impact on job satisfaction and well-being; this was especially pronounced for female associates. Females had on-call related job satisfaction scores that were, on average, 1.27 points lower than that of males (lower scores equates to lower job satisfaction). Further, females' average on-call related well-being scores were 1.15 points higher than that of males (lower scores equates to higher well-being).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance:This study suggests that on-call shifts have a negative impact on veterinarian job satisfaction, well-being and personal relationships. The negative impact on job satisfaction and well-being is greatest for female associates. Veterinary medicine has been identified as a stressful occupation that can lead to psychological distress. It is therefore important to critically assess current practices that appear to increase stress and reduce emotional well-being. For this reason, it is suggested that veterinary hospitals explore alternative options to traditional on-call shifts.
The Cell Wall Integrity Receptor Mtl1 Contributes to Articulate Autophagic Responses When Glucose Availability Is Compromised
Authors: Montella-Manuel Sandra , Pujol-Carrion Nuria , de la Torre-Ruiz Maria Angeles 
Published: October 2021

Mtl1protein is a cell wall receptor belonging to the CWI pathway. Mtl1 function is related to glucose and oxidative stress signaling. In this report, we show data demonstrating that Mtl1 plays a critical role in the detection of a descent in glucose concentration, in order to activate bulk autophagy machinery as a response to nutrient deprivation and to maintain cell survival in starvation conditions. Autophagy is a tightly regulated mechanism involving several signaling pathways. The data here show that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mtl1 signals glucose availability to either Ras2 or Sch9 proteins converging in Atg1 phosphorylation and autophagy induction. TORC1 complex function is not involved in autophagy induction during the diauxic shift when glucose is limited. In this context, the GCN2 gene is required to regulate autophagy activation upon amino acid starvation independent of the TORC1 complex. Mtl1 function is also involved in signaling the autophagic degradation of mitochondria during the stationary phase through both Ras2 and Sch9, in a manner dependent on either Atg33 and Atg11 proteins and independent of the Atg32 protein, the mitophagy receptor. All of the above suggest a pivotal signaling role for Mtl1 in maintaining correct cell homeostasis function in periods of glucose scarcity in budding yeast.
New Promoters for Metabolic Engineering of Ashbya gossypii
Authors: Muñoz-Fernández Gloria , Montero-Bullón Javier-Fernando , Revuelta José Luis , Jiménez Alberto 
Published: October 2021

Ashbya gossypii is a filamentous fungus that is currently exploited for the industrial production of riboflavin. In addition, metabolically engineered strains of A. gossypii have also been described as valuable biocatalysts for the production of different metabolites such as folic acid, nucleosides, and biolipids. Hence, bioproduction in A. gossypii relies on the availability of well-performing gene expression systems both for endogenous and heterologous genes. In this regard, the identification of novel promoters, which are critical elements for gene expression, decisively helps to expand the A. gossypii molecular toolbox. In this work, we present an adaptation of the Dual Luciferase Reporter (DLR) Assay for promoter analysis in A. gossypii using integrative cassettes. We demonstrate the efficiency of the analysis through the identification of 10 new promoters with different features, including carbon source-regulatable abilities, that will highly improve the gene expression platforms used in A. gossypii. Three novel strong promoters (PCCW12, PSED1, and PTSA1) and seven medium/weak promoters (PHSP26, PAGL366C, PTMA10, PCWP1, PAFR038W, PPFS1, and PCDA2) are presented. The functionality of the promoters was further evaluated both for the overexpression and for the underexpression of the A. gossypii MSN2 gene, which induced significant changes in the sporulation ability of the mutant strains.
Nematicidal Activity of Essential Oil from Lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) as Related to Chemical Profile
Authors: D’Addabbo Trifone , Laquale Sebastiano , Argentieri Maria Pia , Bellardi Maria Grazia , Avato Pinarosa 
Published: October 2021

Essential oils (EOs) from lavandin are known for a large spectrum of biological properties but poorly and contrastingly documented for their activity against phytoparasitic nematodes. This study investigated the toxicity of EOs from three different lavandin cultivars, Abrialis, Rinaldi Cerioni, and Sumiens, either to juveniles (J2) and eggs of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and to infective stages of the lesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus. The suppressive activity of treatments with EOs from the three lavandin cultivars in soil infested by M. incognita was also investigated in a greenhouse experiment on potted tomato. The compositional profiles of tested EOs were also analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Linalool was the major component of all the three EOs, as accounting for about 66%, 48%, and 40% of total EO from cv Rinaldi Cerioni, Sumiens, and Abrialis, respectively. Linalool acetate was the second most abundant compound in the EOs from cv Abrialis (18.3%) and Sumiens (14.9%), while significant amounts of camphor (11.5%) and 1,8-cineole (12.1%) were detected in cv Rinaldi Cerioni and Sumiens EOs, respectively. The mortality of M. incognita J2 peaked 82.0%, 95.8%, and 89.8% after a 24 h treatment with 100 mg·mL−1 solutions of cv Abrialis, Rinaldi Cerioni, and Sumiens EOs, respectively. Infective specimens of P. vulnus were largely more sensitive than M. incognita J2, as there were peak mortality rates of 65.5%, 67.7%, and 75.7% after 4 h of exposure to Abrialis, Rinaldi Cerioni, and Sumiens EO, respectively. All three lavandin EOs significantly affected also M. incognita egg hatchability, which reduced to 43.6% after a 48 h egg mass exposure to a 100 µg·mL−1 solution of cv Rinaldi Cerioni EO. Soil treatments with the three lavandin EOs strongly reduced, according to a dose–effect relationship, density of M. incognita eggs, and J2 both on tomato roots and in soil, as well as significantly reduced gall formation on tomato roots. Finally, almost all soil treatments with the lavandin EOs also resulted in a positive impact on tomato plant growth.
Luteolin Inhibits Breast Cancer Stemness and Enhances Chemosensitivity through the Nrf2-Mediated Pathway
Authors: Tsai Kuen-Jang , Tsai Hsin-Yi , Tsai Chin-Chuan , Chen Tai-Yu , Hsieh Tsung-Hua , Chen Chun-Lin , Mbuyisa Lulekiwe , Huang Yaw-Bin , Lin Ming-Wei 
Published: October 2021

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulations of tumor masses with unique abilities in self-renewal, stemness maintenance, drug resistance, and the promotion of cancer recurrence. Recent studies have suggested that breast CSCs play essential roles in chemoresistance. Therefore, new agents that selectively target such cells are urgently required. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing enzymes are the reason for an elevated tumor oxidant status. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcriptional factor, which upon detecting cellular oxidative stress, binds to the promoter region of antioxidant genes. By triggering a cytoprotective response, Nrf2 maintains cellular redox status. Cripto-1 participates in the self-renewal of CSCs. Herein, luteolin, a flavonoid found in Taraxacum officinale extract, was determined to inhibit the expressions of stemness-related transcriptional factors, the ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2), CD44, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 activity as well as the sphere formation properties of breast CSCs. Furthermore, luteolin suppressed the protein expressions of Nrf2, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and Cripto-1 which have been determined to contribute critically to CSC features. The combination of luteolin and the chemotherapeutic drug, Taxol, resulted in enhanced cytotoxicity to breast cancer cells. These findings suggest that luteolin treatment significantly attenuated the hallmarks of breast cancer stemness by downregulating Nrf2-mediated expressions. Luteolin constitutes a potential agent for use in cancer stemness-targeted breast cancer treatments.
PENGARUH KNOWLEDGE SHARING TERHADAP KOMPETENSI KARYAWAN MELALUI BUDAYA ORGANISASI SEBAGAI MEDIATOR
Authors: Panggabean Elizabeth Romaito , Silvianita Anita 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh knowledge sharing terhadap kompetensi karyawan melalui budaya organisasi sebagai mediator. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan menguji pengaruh langsung maupun tidak langsung antar variabel-variabel yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini di antaranya knowledge sharing, kompetensi karyawan, dan dimediasi oleh budaya organisasi pada PT. Telkom Indonesia Regional III Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dengan tipe analisis deskriptif-kausal. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode non-probability sampling dengan jenis sampling jenuh dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 100 responden yang diambil dari karyawan PT. Telkom Indonesia Regional III Jawa Barat. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) dengan alat analisis SmartPLS. Hasil dari analisis ini menunjukkan budaya organisasi sebagai mediator masuk dalam mediasi parsial yang mengakibatkan perubahan atau penurunan nilai pada variabel knowledge sharing terhadap kompetensi karyawan. Budaya organisasi membuat knowledge sharing terhadap kompetensi berpengaruh secara tidak langsung menjadi tidak signifikan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa budaya organisasi masih belum mampu memberikan pengaruh mediator yang baik.
Kata Kunci: Knowledge Sharing, Kompetensi, Budaya Organisasi
Taxonomic Revision of Euphrasia (Orobanchaceae) in South America
Authors: Ortiz Ana Verónica , Moroni Pablo , Mirra Fabiana , Villanueva Espinoza Rosa María , O'Leary Nataly 
Published: October 2021

Morphological boundaries between South American species of Euphrasia L. are controversial, rendering determination of specimens an arduous task. In this context, a comprehensive taxonomic revision of Euphrasia in South America is here provided for the first time. This study, based upon a classical morphological study of ca. 400 herbarium specimens, supports the recognition of eight species and one subspecies distributed in the Andean regions of Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile. From among native species, six belong to section Trifidae Benth. and one to the monotypic section Paradoxae Pugsley, endemic to Juan Fernández Islands; one adventive species, E. officinalis L., belongs to the section Euphrasia. The previously misunderstood presence of E. cockayniana Petrie is here untangled, and, consequently, the species is excluded from South America. A key to all Euphrasia taxa in South America, plus morphological descriptions, nomenclature items, geographical distribution and maps, habitat notes, illustrations, photographs, and discussion notes are included for the nine taxa. Eleven names are here synonymized, and lectotypes are designated for E. andicola Benth., E. debilis Wettst., E. flavicans Phil., E. intricata Phil., and E. philippii Wettst. Euphrasia andicola is reported for the first time for Argentina. This collaborative effort will represent a baseline for further investigations on Euphrasia in South America.
KEEFEKTIFAN APLIKASI MYBEST SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DALAM MATA KULIAH BAHASA INDONESIA DI UNIVERSITAS BINA SARANA INFORMATIKA
Authors: Parancika Rd Bily 
Published: October 2021

Pendekatan kualitatif merupakan pendekatan yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini Adapun maksud dari pemilihan pendekatan ini, agar peneliti dapat memahami suatu fenomena maupun kejadian yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian dalam hal ini ditinjau dari segi anggapan, motivasi mupun tindakan dengan cara mendeskripsikan kata-kata yang diungkapkan oleh subjek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan aplikasi Mybest sebagai media pembelajaran dalam mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia melalui persepsi subjek. Masalah yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini adalah karena mahasiswa mengganggap mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia merupakan mata kuliah yang tidak menantang. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini mendeskripsikan mengenai bagaimana penggunaan aplikasi tersebut dapat membantu pembelajaran dalam mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil temuan dan pembahasan menunjukan bahwa penggunaan aplikasi Mybest efektif digunakan dalam mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia. Kata kunci : Mybest, Media Pembelajaran dan Bahasa Indonesia
Obliquity Constraints on the Planetary-mass Companion HD 106906 b
Authors: Bryan Marta L. , Chiang Eugene , Morley Caroline V. , Mace Gregory N. , Bowler Brendan P. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We constrain the angular momentum architecture of HD 106906, a 13 ± 2 Myr old system in the ScoCen complex composed of a compact central binary, a widely separated planetary-mass tertiary HD 106906 b, and a debris disk nested between the binary and tertiary orbital planes. We measure the orientations of three vectors: the companion spin axis, companion orbit normal, and disk normal. Using near-IR high-resolution spectra from Gemini/IGRINS, we obtain a projected rotational velocity of

v
sin

i

p

= 9.5 ± 0.2 km s−1 for HD 106906 b. This measurement together with a published photometric rotation period implies the companion is viewed nearly pole-on, with a line-of-sight spin axis inclination of i

p
= 14° ± 4° or 166° ± 4°. By contrast, the debris disk is known to be viewed nearly edge on. The likely misalignment of all three vectors suggests HD 106906 b formed by gravitational instability in a turbulent environment, either in a disk or cloud setting.