bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrahigh‐temperature Palaeoproterozoic rocks in the Neoproterozoic Borborema Province, implications for São Francisco Craton dispersion in NE Brazil
Authors: Tesser Lucas R. , Ganade Carlos E. , Weinberg Roberto F. , Basei Miguel A. S. , Moraes Renato , Batista Laísa A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work reports on the first identification of sapphirine‐bearing ultrahigh‐temperature (UHT) metamorphic rocks within the Borborema Province, in NE Brazil. The investigated UHT diatexites outcrop in the Arapiraca Complex, a high‐grade Palaeoproterozoic block embedded within the Neoproterozoic metavolcano‐sedimentary sequence of the Sergipano fold‐and‐thrust belt. A sapphirine‐bearing diatexite sample preserves two distinct residual mineral associations as inclusions in cordierite poikiloblasts: a volumetrically dominant silica‐saturated, garnet–sillimanite–orthopyroxene–quartz domain, and a restricted silica‐undersaturated, sapphirine–magnetite–spinel–corundum domain. Phase equilibrium modelling for the whole‐rock bulk composition constrains the reactions preserved in the silica‐saturated domain, which, coupled with reintegrated ternary feldspar thermometry and Al‐in‐orthopyroxene thermobarometry, indicates peak UHT metamorphism occurring at ~970°C/8.5 kbar followed by a clockwise near isobaric cooling stage crossing the H2O‐undersaturated solidus at ~910°C/7.7 kbar. The T–MSiO2 and P–T phase equilibrium models reveal that the stabilization of magnetite‐spinel in the silica‐undersaturated domain can be a product of domanial SiO2‐depletion ascribed to inherited compositional banding and progressive melt‐loss episodes. The appearance of sapphirine as thin coronae around previously formed magnetite‐spinel cores requires an increase in the bulk silica content during retrograde metamorphism. This was driven by variable degrees of chemical interaction between the silica‐undersaturated domain and trapped silica‐rich leucosomes. U–Pb dating of zircon coupled with trace element behaviour records the timing of melt crystallization between ca. 2.03 and 1.96 Ga, after peak UHT metamorphism and supporting a protracted, ca. 70 My period of melt presence in the crust. The UHT metamorphism in the Arapiraca Complex is related to a contemporaneous UHT event recorded within the São Francisco Craton and more broadly coincides with high geothermal gradients at ca. 2.0 Ga linked to the formation of the Columbia supercontinent. The integration of new petrological and geochronological data indicates that the Arapiraca Complex is a continental ribbon pulled away from the São Francisco–Congo palaeocontinent possibly during the early Neoproterozoic intermittent rifting events and opening of the Sergipano oceanic basin between ca. 0.98–0.74 Ga. During the late Neoproterozoic at ca. 0.63–0.57 Ga, the Arapiraca Complex continental ribbon was thrusted back onto the northern margin of the São Francisco Craton as an inlier of the Sergipano fold‐and‐thrust belt.
Non‐ablative Er:YAG laser is an effective tool in the treatment arsenal of androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Day Doris , McCarthy Madison , Talaber Iva 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundUp to 70% of the adult population worldwide is affected by androgenetic alopecia (AGA) hair loss. Laser therapy offers an addition or alternative to pharmaceutical and surgical treatment of hair regrowth, with non‐ablative lasers being preferred over ablative lasers in terms of safety and downtime. Combining laser therapy with different topical agents may result in better hair regrowth.ObjectiveThe aim was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of non‐ablative Er:YAG laser used in clinical practice, alone or in combination with other treatment modalities, in patients with both early and advanced stages of AGA.Methods and patientsSixteen patients (7 male and 9 female) with active AGA in different stages were treated with the non‐ablative Er:YAG laser (SMOOTHTM mode, 7 mm spot size, 7.00 J/cm2 pulse fluence, 3.3 Hz frequency) as a monotherapy or in combination with injections of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) to the scalp, topical minoxidil, and oral supplements for the promotion and support of hair growth. Efficacy was assessed with clinical assessment of AGA grade (Ludwig scale for female / Norwood‐Hamilton scale for male) and with blind evaluation of hair quality in global photographs before and after treatment. Patients subjectively rated their satisfaction with the laser treatment on a scale from 0–3 and pain on a VAS scale from 0–10.ResultsAGA grade after treatment was lower compared to baseline (p = 0.015 and p = 0.125 in female and male patients, respectively). Blind evaluation indicated an improvement in hair quality in 93% of patients, either being described as much better (14%) or as better (79%), which was not correlated with age or AGA grade. The median satisfaction score was 3, and the median VAS score for pain was 2. The positive effect of the treatment on the hair quality is ongoing. No adverse reactions were reported.ConclusionsThe treatment was effective in treating AGA, confirmed by a decrease in AGA grade and by blinded evaluation of global photographs. Although the possible additive or complementary effect of topical minoxidil or nutraceuticals cannot be excluded, our results suggest that the non‐ablative Er:YAG laser SMOOTH™ mode as a monotherapy, or in combination with PRP, is an efficient and safe treatment for AGA—with a high satisfaction rate among patients regardless of patient age, AGA duration, or AGA stage.
Development and application of specific questions to classify a child as food texture sensitive
Authors: Ross Carolyn F. , Surette Victoria A. , Bernhard Charles B. , Smith‐Simpson Sarah , Lee Jookyeong , Russell Catherine G. , Keast Russell 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnderstanding food texture sensitivity in children is important in guiding food selection. The objective of this work was to develop a short questionnaire that could be completed by parents in nonclinical settings to provide a categorization for food texture sensitivity in children. This study evaluated the distribution of children as texture sensitive (TS) or non‐texture sensitive (NTS) and the predictive validity of these questions to explain rejection of specific food textures. Three sets of survey data were examined, including data from a home‐use test (HUT) in children with and without Down syndrome (DS), and lingual tactile sensitivity measured by grating orientation task (GOT). From three parent‐completed surveys, the use of the questionnaire yielded a similar distribution of children in the TS category (16–22%) as previously reported. TS children (4–36 months) were more likely to reject specific food textures, including chewy, hard, lumpy, and “tough meat” (p < .05). A higher percentage of children with a diagnosis of DS were TS (36.9%). Children who were TS showed increased negative behaviors to foods and ate less than NTS children. In older children (5–12 years), TS children were fussier than NTS children (p < .001). Lingual tactile sensitivity was not significantly different by TS/NTS categorization (p = .458). This study demonstrated that the use of these five questions specific to food texture provides a useful tool in categorizing a child as TS/NTS, with this information being useful in selecting preferred food textures. Future studies involving these TS questions should perform psychometric assessments and measures of criterion validity using other questionnaires.
The promise of a health professions education imagination
Authors: Hirshfield Laura E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractContextSocial factors play a key role in health professions education and are thus a foundational topic that medical trainees must be taught. Although medical educators have discussed the best ways to teach these concepts for decades, there are still significant barriers to full incorporation of ‘the social’ into medical training.FrameworkBuilding upon previous scholarship in medical education, the author argues for the development in trainees of a ‘health professions education imagination’ or a unique ‘quality of mind’ that facilitates navigating competing ways of knowing. This concept borrows explicitly from ‘the sociological imagination’, which is briefly described. Next, some of the principles of thinking that might contribute to a similar ‘imagination’ in health professions education are identified. Finally, exemplars are provided highlighting how recent scholars have used their health professions education imaginations in recent research and teaching practice.ImplicationsThe health professions education imagination provides a useful framework to help guide clinical and research trainees to integrate the epistemologically diverse forms of knowledge they are exposed to and to break down the silos that these forms of knowledge are commonly taught within.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Early Functional Recovery of Bernese Periacetabular Osteotomy
Authors: Gu Yan‐ge , Shi Zhi‐wei , Yue Yao‐hui , Yan Zhao‐long , Yin Lu‐xu , Zhang Ye‐yong , Sun Hua‐qiang , Li Shu‐feng , Yan Xin‐feng 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo explore factors affecting the efficacy of Bernese periacetabular osteotomy for the treatment of hip dysplasia.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 44 patients with hip dysplasia who underwent Bernese periacetabular osteotomy with a modified Smith‐Peterson approach between January 2017 and November 2019. Among them, 40 were women and four were men. The average age was 31.2 ± 9.4. Preoperative and postoperative imaging parameters were measured. The acetabular top tilt angle, lateral central edge angle, acetabular abduction angle, femoral head extrusion index, sphericity index of femoral head, Shenton line, Tonnis grade of osteoarthritis, joint congruency, p/a ratio, acetabular anteversion angle, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scale scores, and modified Harris hip score (MHHS) were observed. MHHS were divided into three clinically relevant categories: poor (<70 points), good (70–85 points), and excellent (86–91 points). Patient demographic data, as well as preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters, were subjected to univariate logistic regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine factors influencing postoperative MHHS.ResultsThe follow‐up time was 1.0–3.9 years after surgery, with an average of 1.6 years. By the last follow‐up, MHHS increased from 70 points before surgery to 91 points after surgery (P < 0.001), WOMAC pain score decreased from 4 points before surgery to 0 points after surgery (P < 0.001). WOMAC functional score decreased (Preoperative: 18.0 [4.0]; Postoperative: 4.0 [0], P = 0.004). Six patients had sensory disturbance of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, four of which recovered completely during follow‐up. No other complications related to surgical approach, osteotomy, acetabular displacement, acetabular fixation, and postoperative stage were found. There was no significant vascular, nerve, or visceral injuries in any of the patients. On multiple regression analysis, the probability of the postoperative modified Harris hip score of a hip joint with a preoperative lateral center edge angle ≥4.5° being classified as excellent was six times that of angles <4.5° (Exp[β]: 6.249, 95% CI: 1.03–37.85, P = 0.046). Regression analysis of other factors found no significant correlation with postoperative functional scores.ConclusionOverall functional scores post‐PAO significantly improved, and pain symptoms were significantly reduced. Patients with a preoperative lateral center edge angle ≥4.5° had better joint function after surgery.
The dilemma of open or double‐blind food challenges in diagnosing food allergy in children: Design of the ALDORADO trial
Authors: de Weger Wouter W. , Sprikkelman Aline B. , Herpertz Catherina E. M. , van der Meulen Gerbrich N. , Vonk Judith M. , Kamps Arvid W. A. , Koppelman Gerard H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt is of major importance to diagnose food allergy accurately. Current guidelines support the use of oral food challenges to do so. The double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) has been regarded as the ‘gold standard’ for decades. However, DBPCFCs are costly, and time‐ and resource‐intensive procedures. Structural implementation of less demanding open food challenges will only find support if research demonstrates that their outcome is comparable to DBPCFC, yet this has been proven difficult to investigate.MethodsWe performed a literature review to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of oral food challenges and interviewed 19 parents of children with proven or suspected food allergy about the design of a trial to study this.ResultsAn overview of the dilemma of diagnosing food allergy using oral food challenges, and the methodological issues and parents’ opinions to study this. No comparative studies have been performed using the latest guidelines on oral food challenges.ConclusionsThere is an urgent need to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of different oral food challenge protocols. We present the rationale and design of the ALDORADO trial (ALlergy Diagnosed by Open oR DOuble‐blind food challenge) that has been set up to investigate whether the outcome of the open food challenge is comparable to DBPCFC.
Appropriation and application of caring science theory: Experiences of master education alumni in three Nordic countries
Authors: Sandvik Ann‐Helén , Dahlström Pia , Koskinen Camilla 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundA theoretical foundation in caring science is invaluable for nursing care because it enriches practice by providing explanations, clarity and direction. However, after graduation, students experience the frustration of not being able to sufficiently intertwine caring science theories in practice. Consequently, the integration of caring science theories in nursing education and practice is considered an essential focus area to reduce this theory–practice gap.AimThis study aims to elucidate master alumni's experiences of appropriation and application of caring science after completing a master's education.MethodsThe data were collected by semi‐structured interviews with 21 alumni from Finland, Sweden and Norway who had recently completed a master's degree with caring science as the major subject. A thematic analysis was used.FindingsThe analysis resulted in two main themes, both with three subthemes. Educator's bearing and a learning community are important for students’ appropriation of caring science theories. Learning through reflection and the response of others evoke new paths of thought, and practice‐related teaching promotes the intertwining and application of caring science theory in practice. The appropriated theory has significance to alumni by providing a guiding basis that strengthens alumni's professional bearing and way of being. The caring science theory guides alumni in providing nursing care with an increased ethical awareness and questioning approach that enables good patient care. Their professional identity and confidence in caring are also strengthened.ConclusionEducators’ bearing is of outermost importance for appropriation and application of caring science theory. It has a key function in facilitating students’ understanding and intertwining of caring science theory and practice. Appropriated caring science theory provides authority and courage to practice nursing care. The appropriated theory promotes alumni's ethical awareness, confidence and a sense of pride in the profession.
GP trainees' experiences of training
Authors: Collins Katie , Powell Samantha , Safdar Mariam , Babatolu Hadiza , Chopra Sarita , Scallan Samantha 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the experience of training in an authentic and rich way can be a powerful driver to reviewing teaching and learning practice. GP educators in the Health Education England Wessex region decided to take this a step further and examine the equity of the experience of training, including trainees' thoughts and views about how that experience could be improved.MethodAn online questionnaire survey was developed covering topics such as the perceived support needs of IMG (international medical graduate) trainees, trainees' experiences of discrimination, and their ideas for improvement. The survey focused on areas that were within the power of local educators to change, thereby enabling the results to drive improvement. The survey link was emailed to all trainees in our deanery via their training patches. Responses were anonymous.ResultsOne hundred and eighty‐seven responses were received from a cohort of approximately 530 trainees—a response rate of 35%. Responses ranged from a limited awareness of additional support needs for trainees from different backgrounds, through to those who had experienced uncomfortable situations and those with clear ideas about improvements. The data have been used to trigger improvement discussions within patch teams and facilitate changes in practice.ConclusionsThe outcome of the work has led to change—from providing additional courses and support to raising awareness of trainees' experiences. The results have also been fed back to senior educators who manage training across the region.
Regular braneworlds with nonlinear bulk-fluids
Authors: Antoniadis Ignatios , Cotsakis Spiros , Klaoudatou Ifigeneia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe construct a regular five-dimensional brane-world with localised gravity on a flat 3-brane. The matter content in the bulk is parametrised by an analog of a non-linear fluid with equation of state$$p=\gamma \rho ^\lambda $$p=γρλbetween the ‘pressure’pand the ‘density’$$\rho $$ρdependent on the 5th dimension. For$$\gamma $$γnegative and$$\lambda >1$$λ>1, the null energy condition is satisfied and the geometry is free of singularities within finite distance from the brane, while the induced four-dimensional Planck mass is finite.
First report of Golovinomyces sp. causing powdery mildew infection on Dyschoriste nagchana in Western Ghats of India
Authors: Thite Sachin Vasantrao 
Published: August 2021

Dyschoriste nagchana Nees (Acanthaceae) is a perennial plant grows naturally in wet grassland, but is now often also found in secondary bushland and grassland, including lawns. In January2019, severe powdery mildew symptoms were observed on the leaves and stem of D. nagchana (Fig.1, a). The infection was found to be very severe at that time on plant and because of severe infestation premature leaf fall was also observed. The occurrence of powdery mildew in its anamorphic form on D. nagchana. was first observed in the ranges of hills in Western Ghats pertaining to district Satara viz Yavateshwar (17°41’02.91”N 73°56’58.15”E and Elevation 3419ft) and Varoshi (17°52’04.42” N 73°45’03.12” E and Elevation 2834ft). later on, disease incidence was noticed from different areas of said district.
Patients Receiving Extracranial to Intracranial Bypass for Atherosclerotic Vessel Occlusion Today Differ Significantly From the COSS Population
Authors: Wessels Lars , Hecht Nils , Vajkoczy Peter 
Published: August 2021

Background and Purpose:
Despite the findings reported in the COSS (Carotid Occlusion Surgery Study), patients with atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease continue to be referred for superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery bypass surgery. Here, we determined how today’s patients differ from the population reported in COSS.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed all patients that were referred to our Department for superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery bypass surgery of atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease following the publication of COSS.

Results:

Between 2012 and 2019, 179 patients were referred for 186 bypass surgeries. Ninety-one (51%) patients suffered atherosclerotic, unilateral internal carotid occlusion and 88 (49%) atherosclerotic multivessel disease. All patients had received intensive medical management. A single transitory ischemic attack or ischemic stroke within the last 120 days according to the inclusion criteria of COSS occurred in only 36 out of 179 (20%) patients, whereas 27 out of 179 (15%) suffered >1 transitory ischemic attack within 120 days, 109 out of 179 (61%) had recurrent minor ischemic stroke, and 7 out of 179 (4%) were hemodynamically unstable and required blood pressure maintenance. The distribution of symptoms did not differ between atherosclerotic unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion and atherosclerotic multivessel disease (
P
=0.376) but hemodynamic impairment was significantly greater in atherosclerotic multivessel disease (
P
<0.001 for atherosclerotic multivessel disease versus atherosclerotic unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion). The overall perioperative stroke rate was 4.3%.

Conclusions:
Patients referred for flow augmentation surgery today appear to suffer more severe symptoms and vessel occlusion patterns than patients reported in COSS. A new, carefully designed randomized controlled trial appears warranted, considering the still poor prognosis of severe atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease.
Outcome Following Hemorrhage From Cranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae
Authors: Koch Matthew J. , Stapleton Christopher J. , Guniganti Ridhima , Lanzino Giuseppe , Sheehan Jason , Alaraj Ali , Bulters Diederik , Kim Louis , Fox W. Christopher , Gross Bradley A. , Hayakawa Minako , van DijK J. Marc C. , Starke Robert M. , Satomi Junichiro , Polifka Adam J. , Zipfel Gregory J. , Amin-Hanjani Sepideh ,   for the CONDOR Consortium*
Published: August 2021

Background and Purpose:
Dural arteriovenous fistulae can present with hemorrhage, but there remains a paucity of data regarding subsequent outcomes. We sought to use the CONDOR (Consortium for Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Outcomes Research), a multi-institutional registry, to characterize the morbidity and mortality of dural arteriovenous fistula–related hemorrhage.

Methods:
A retrospective review of patients in CONDOR who presented with dural arteriovenous fistula–related hemorrhage was performed. Patient characteristics, clinical follow-up, and radiographic details were analyzed for associations with poor outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale score ≥3).

Results:
The CONDOR dataset yielded 262 patients with incident hemorrhage, with median follow-up of 1.4 years. Poor outcome was observed in 17.0% (95% CI, 12.3%–21.7%) at follow-up, including a 3.6% (95% CI, 1.3%–6.0%) mortality. Age and anticoagulant use were associated with poor outcome on multivariable analysis (odds ratio, 1.04, odds ratio, 5.1 respectively). Subtype of hemorrhage and venous shunting pattern of the lesion did not affect outcome significantly.

Conclusions:
Within the CONDOR registry, dural arteriovenous fistula–related hemorrhage was associated with a relatively lower morbidity and mortality than published outcomes from other arterialized cerebrovascular lesions but still at clinically consequential rates.