bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Organic Fertilization on Potato Production in the Mountain Area
Authors: MĂRGHITAŞ Marilena , RUSU Mihai , TOADER Constantin , MIHAI Mihaela 
Published: December 2021

In our country, potato is a highly important national crop, as a basic food element (almost the population’s second bread), while for the Apuseni Mountains area, potato holds the highest percentage and at the same time represents an essential food for locals and their animals, as a paramount food support of the population in the area.
Its specific renders this crop as a highly demanding species of plant in terms ecologic conditions, humidity and temperature, as well as nutritive elements, as it forms an abundant vegetative mass and a high tuber quantity for the surface unit. It is a highly consuming nitrogen, potassium , magnesium and calcium plant, as well as with respect to macroelements. Once the potato is harvested, the export of mineral elements from the soil is high, thus determining the rapid soil depletion and demanding for a suitable fertilization of potato crop, adequate to the household system specific to the mountain area.
Numerous researches conducted in the area under study reveal the fact that, from a pedoclimatic point of view, there are good and very good conditions for potato crop, considering the climatic abnormalities in the last period. But the severity of the climatic impact varies from one region to another and exerts a serious effect on agriculture. In this highly important sector, climate changes would influence crop harvest, animal breeding and location of production. The increased probability and severity of weather events will considerably increase the risk of crop calamities. The climate change will exert an influence on the soil, by decreasing the organic matter content- a major contributor to soil fertility. In this context, considering the basic occupation of locals in the area, especially animal breeding, alarge quantity of organic fertilizers is used and by meas of their rational employment, they represent the main fertilizatio source of crops in the area, recovery and maintenance of soil fertility.
Alongside being the basic food product of population in the area, the importance of potato increases once the altitude of the area also increases, being used as fodder for animal husbandry, due to the fact that the assortment of cultivated plants is limited to potato, rye, oat, some fruit trees, certain vegetables, while the rest of the surfaces is covered with natural pastureland and forests. In this respect, potato covers the largest surface, as corn hybrids, even early ones do not manage to reach maturity in this mountain area.
In vitro Control of the Fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. with Plant Extracts
Authors: MICLEA Raluca , PUIA Carmen 
Published: December 2021

The gray mould, caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers., is an economically important disease of plants throughout the world. It is common on vegetable crops, soft fruits, ornamental plants and grapevine, and occurs in greenhouses and in the field as well as in storage and transport.
Plant extracts and their purified compounds have antibacterial, antiviral and fungicidal effects both in vitro and in vivo. Their properties were attributed mainly to alkaloids, several flavonoids and phenolic acids.
This study was made in order to establish the materials and the methods most used for the in vitro control of the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. with plant extracts – types of plant extracts, the most appropriate culture media, methods of inoculation, methods of extraction and methods for testing the antifungal effect of the plant extracts against the phytopathogenic fungus.
The most used medium was PDA (potato dextrose agar). Conform to the literature data this medium is the most suitable for the development of this fungus, the growth of the mycelium, the conidia growing and the formation of sclerotia.
As plant extraction method, the hydrodistilation is the most ancient method of distillation and the most versatile.
Reviewed methods used for testing the efficacy of natural products (plant extracts) were: the agar diffusion method, the poisoned food technique, the radial growth test, the conidial germination assay, the microathmosphere method, the technique of Thompson.
Analysis of Energy Intensity in Selected Austrian Dairy Farms with Focus on Concentrate Level in Feeding
Authors: MOITZI Gerhard , DAMM Daniela , WEINGARTMANN Herbert , BOXBERGER Josef 
Published: December 2021

Dairy farming uses energy in direct form (electricity and fuel) and indirect form (energy for the manufacture of farm machinery, technical equipment and feed concentrate) with the result of greenhouse gas emission. In an analysis conducted, the energy requirement for the production of feed stuff (forage and concentrate) as well as that of the direct energy demands (fuel and electricity) could be determined for two Austrian dairy farms.
The results show, that concentrates are more energy-intensive in their production than roughage. Energy-efficient milk production is conducted on low-input dairy farms with high roughage portion and low concentrate portion in the feeding ration.
Isolation and Identification of Some Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Rye
Authors: BARBU Vasilica , IANCU Catalin , NEAGU Corina 
Published: December 2021

Lactic acid bacteria strains were isolated from rye epiphyte microbiota: one strain of Lactobacillus sp. (UGAL1), and one strain of Streptococcus sp. (UGAL2). Identification of the LAB strains isolated from rye microbiota was made with API 50CH kit and with API 20 STREP kit (BioMerieux).
Using the API 50CHL we have confirmed that the UGAL1 is a member of the genus Weissella with 82% probability. The API 20 STREP allowed identification of the UGAL2 as being Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis, with 85% probability.
Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Microbiological Contaminants of Foods
Authors: BELBE Giorgiana Mihaela , TOFANA Maria 
Published: December 2021

Ionizing radiation can be used in food industry in order to control the number of microbiological contaminants, among others. The sources of irradiation allowed to be used in this respect are: high-voltage electron beams up to 10 MeV, X – rays up to 5 MeV and gamma rays produced from the radioisotopes 60Co and 137Cs.
One of the most important properties of irradiation is inactivation of microorganisms, especially pathogens. Gram-negative pathogen bacteria are very sensitive to radiation. As expected bacterial spores are more resistant to ionizing radiation than vegetative cells are. Irradiation also reduces the number of mould populations. Yeasts on the other hand are more radio-resistant than bacteria and moulds and can become the dominant flora of irradiated foods. In what viruses are concerned, ionizing radiation must be accompanied by other treatments in order to be an efficient inactivation method.
In conclusion, ionizing radiation can be used, at acceptable doses, as a control method in preserving the innocuity of foods.
Optimizing the Wheat / Triticale Ratio to Improve the Quality Parameters of Bakery Products
Authors: POP Anamaria , MUSTE Sevastita , MAN Simona , MURESAN Vlad , CHIRCU Carmen , KADAR Rodica 
Published: December 2021

According to the literature the protein nutritive value of triticale is higher than that of wheat. For this reason, and others, the possibility of using triticale in bakery was investigated.
The paper analyzes the optimisation of the wheat-triticale proportion between Turda-2000 wheat and triticale Titan variety, to improve the quality parameters of the two varieties of bread-making grain, under the influence agrofond. The two varieties were grown at S.C.D.A. Turda in the crop year 2008-2009.
A good baking quality is associated with a high protein content. Among the technological factors affecting the grain protein, the fertilization is the most effective. Also wet gluten content and Zelleny index is heavily influenced by fertilization. The hectolitre mass (kg / hl), crude protein (%), wet gluten (%) strain index (mm), index of extensibility (mm) Zelleny index (ml) drop index (min), were determined as the main indices of the grain quality.
Studies on the Influence of Climatic Conditions of 2009 on the Quality of Wine Grapes Produced in the Vineyard Centre Jidvei
Authors: CHIRCU Carmen , MUSTE Sevastita , MURESAN Vlad , TRUTA Delia Mihaela , MAN Simona , POP (BIROU) Anamaria 
Published: December 2021

Vine plantation is located at an altitude ranging between 200 and 500 meters, approximately 2 000 hectares wide, most vineyards are located on the southern slopes.
Due to the agro-eco-climatic conditions, Vineyard Centre Jidvei wines have a high level of accumulation of flavorings maintaining high acidity.
The research was aimed to track climatic conditions and their effect on grapes quality. The study took place in the Vineyard Centre Jidvei in 2009.
The research results show the direct influence of climatic conditions on the quality of grapes.
Possibilities of Solar Radiation Use Through Photovoltaic Panels
Authors: POSTELNICU Elena , VLĂDUŢ Valentin , SORICĂ Cristian , MILITARU Mirela 
Published: December 2021

Solar radiation represents an inexhaustible and unexploited energy resource in Romania and internationally. At present time, in which the energy issue grows in importance, and environment protection became a society demand, efforts in unconventional energy technologies development (solar, wind, geothermal, etc.).
Many sectors rely on sun technology benefit, and so can agriculture. The productivity of these sectors depends on the amount of energy that they gather from the sun. Generally there are two types of solar systems: the ones that convert solar energy into electricity and the others that convert solar energy into heat. Both types have many applications in agriculture, helping the productivity.
Photovoltaic panels are very economy efficient regarding electricity distribution for long distance locations, like agricultural exploitations, farms, orchards, and other agricultural operations. The use of solar panels is indicated for agriculture due to easy maintenance.
Farmers don’t use only energy from the sun, its heat being also very important in agriculture. Drying cereal and other products through sun exposure is widely used.
In this paper solutions of solar radiation use nationally and internationally are presented, different methods adapted for agriculture, as well as results from researches in this field.
Comparative Studies Concerning Microbial Quality of Ecological and Conventional Milk
Authors: LAZAR Carmen , ROTAR Ancuta Mihaela , APOSTU Sorin , BUZGAU Georgiana 
Published: December 2021

The quality and safety of grocery became a consumers’ right that affects directly the quality of life. Thus, the issues referring to the safety of grocery is in the center of attention of the institutions created for protecting the customers’ best interests.
The bio milk can be defined as milk with zero quality defects. This means that the milk corresponds to all quality criteria, respectively nutritional, sanitary, bacteriologic, technologic, sensorial, and psycho-social.
The microbiological analyses that are described in the paper have the purpose of monitoring the microbiological parameters listed COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1441/2007 of 5 December 2007 amending Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs and REGULATION (EC) No 853/2004 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 29 April 2004 laying down specific hygiene rules for food of animal origin. The research was made during the validity period of the 3 types of milk that were studied (eco milk, UHT milk, conventional) respectively the product in the first day of validity, in the middle of the validity period and in the last day of validity.
The methods used represented both rapid and classic standardized techniques, using media of enrichment, isolation and confirmation, characteristic to each method.
After the realised determinations referring to some microbiological characteristics of the conventional and ecological milk, through the validity period were observed some alterations related to the microbiological quality of milk.
Influence of Growth Period on Mycorrhizal Colonization in Roots of Trifolium Repens in a Green House Experiment
Authors: STOIAN Vlad Horea , FLORIAN Viorel 
Published: December 2021

In natural plant communities are formed fungal-plant associations, associations with the increasing role of the feeding process of both partners, the fungus becoming an extension of the plant's root system, in exchange of carbohydrates synthesized by plants. Mycorrhizal associations are defined by three elements - plant root system, an intraradicular hyphal system and an extraradicular hyphal system.
The study of mycorrhizal symbiosis in controlled environments provided by a green house allows the inplementation of a sampling system in different phase of growth and development of symbiotic fungi. Analisys on samples taken were used to explain the frequency and abundance of different structure in emerging or developed the extraroot by vesicular-arbusculare mushrooms Analizele efectuate asupra probelor recoltate au fost utilizate pentru explicarea frecvenţei şi abundenţei cu care apar diferitele structuri intra- sau extraradiculare dezvolatate de către ciupercile vezicular-arbusculare.
Alpha Tocopherol Content of Selected Catering Products
Authors: MAZAREL Adrian , ROTARU Gabriel , MATEA Cristian , BUNEA Andreea , BELE Constantin 
Published: December 2021

Alpha tocopherol is recognized as inhibitor of lipid oxidation in biological systems and the intake of this vitamin is relevant to human health .Catering food products investigated in the current study have been chosen from two food groups: fish based food products and meat based food products.A number of ten food samples were investigated. Alpha tocopherol was analysed using a Shimadzu VP Series liquid chromatograph equipped with a fluorescence detector FR -10 AXL with excitation wavelength of 290 nm and emission wavelength of 325 nm.
Data analysis suggest significant loss of tocopherol in meat and fish based food product as compared to the content found in thermal non-treated preparations. Thus, in fish preparation the cook-serve processing by conventional thermal treatment diminishes the tocopherol content by 58%; in case of microwave thermal treatment this loss is 64.5 %. It was found that the microwave thermal treatment generated lower tocopherol content by 10% versus the conventional thermal treatment. In case of thermally non-treated meat preparations the tocopherol content is 0.82 mg/100g product, greater than in fish preparations, but the loss registered by conventional thermal treatment and by microwave thermal treatment is approximately 21,95%, and 25,6%, respectively. In the case of meat preparations, the microwave thermal treatment generates a loss of tocopherol content greater by 16,6 % as compared to the conventional thermal treatment.
Determination of Free Fatty Acids in Sausage Meat
Authors: POP Codrean , BARA Levente , HORJ Elena , IORDACHE Andreea , LASLO Cornel , CULEA Monica 
Published: December 2021

The aim of this work was to establish the extraction procedure, the derivatization method, the separation temperature program, the identification and quantitation of the free fatty acids from meat. A gas chromatography - mass spectrometric (GC/MS) technique was used. The fatty acids were obtained by grounding meat, water and sand and then extraction was performed by mixing chloroform:methanol (2:1) during 30 seconds, at room temperature.
The fatty acids were derivatized to obtain methyl esters. A Trace DSQ ThermoFinnigan quadrupole mass spectrometer coupled with a Trace GC was used. Fatty acids were separated on a Rtx-5MS capillary column, 30m x 0.25mm, 0.25µm film thickness, using a suitable temperature program. The identification of fatty acids was obtained by comparison of fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) mass spectra with the mass spectra of FAME kits and of NIST library. Concentrations of fatty acids were calculated by using a proper internal standard.
Comparison of Sunflower Halva Products from Romanian Market
Authors: RACOLTA Emil , MURESAN Vlad , MUSTE Sevastita , SEMENIUC Cristina Anamaria 
Published: December 2021

Halva is a traditional confection, consists of tahini (sesame paste), cooked sugar and soapwort root extract. Sunflower halva is made of sunflower seeds tahini, instead of sesame.
In this study fat, sugar and moisture content of sunflower halva products from Romanian market were compared. Sunflower halva samples from three different producers (A, B, C) were purchased from the market.
From the producer C two different batches were analyzed (C1 and C2). Researches shows a total fat content between 37.17-43.95%, total sugars within 20.40-34.40% and moisture content ranged between 2.74-3.84%. Differences between products from different sources may be due different technologies, recipes and raw materials used
Nature 2000 Cusma Site Heteroptera
Authors: BELDEAN Paul , PROOROCU Marian , PAULIUC Ecaterina Sînziana 
Published: December 2021

The biological material was collected during 2008 and 2009. In the studied area we have revealed a number of 533 Pentatomoidea, belonging to 37 species and 9 families. The majority of species (17) belongs to the Pentatomidae Family.
The researches were made within 7 different types of ecosystems: Valea Bârgăului riverside coppice, Valea Budacu riverside coppice, Budacu spruce, Tăul Zânelor pasture, Piatra Fântânele hayfield, Colibiţa hayfield, Budacu hayfield. Most species (25) live within Piatra Fântânele hayfield. The most abundant species are polyphagous. Dolycoris baccarum, Carpocoris purpureipennis, Eurygaster testudinaria and Rhopalus parumpunctatus were collected from all 7 types of ecosystems.
The Influence of Some Heavy Metals Content of Substrate and pH on Bioabsorption Level at Six Macromycetes Species Common in Southern Forest of Romania
Authors: BUSUIOC Gabriela , ELEKES Carmen Cristina , RADULESCU Cristina , PETRESCU Nicolae , GHEBOIANU Anca , SERDIN Beatrice 
Published: December 2021

All over the world today is developing more and more the studies concerning biochemical and physiological features of mushrooms (macromycetes) in the view to promote them as biological tools in different types of biotechnologies grace of their bioabsorption capacity for biominerals, heavy, rare or noble metals. Generally the researches are focused on the elemental content of mushrooms (Barros, 2008; Jentschke, 2000; Krupa, 1997, 2004; Yamaca, 2007).
This paper is about the level of bioabsorption for some heavy metals inside fruiting body, correlated to the substrate content and pH value. It is possible that one macromycetes species to contain in a high concentration one metal, but to have a low capacity of bioabsorption, the storage level being influenced by the substrate or environmental factors.
This study aim is to establish the reality concerning the bioabsorption capacity for heavy metals of following six macromycetes species: Coprinus picaceus, Coprinus cinereus, Pseudotrametes gibbosa, Lyophyllum crassifolium, Paxillus involutus and Phellinus tremulae, grown in condition of natural pH of their substrate in a forestry ecosystem of Dambovita county in south of Romania. The elemental content of biological and environmental samples was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS).
So, maximum concentration of cobalt was find in fruiting body of Pseudotrametes gibbosa (0,1 ppm), minimum being at fruiting body of Coprinus cinereus (0,002). It was find nickel only in fruiting body of Phellinus tremulae and Pseudotrametes gibbosa.
Priorities for a Policy and Strategy in Waste Domain for 2030
Authors: POPOVICIU Gabriela 
Published: December 2021

Because the domain of waste is one of the most problematic and challenging environmental issues we face today, our paper tried to synthesize a few European reports regarding to Romanian measures and policies taken in the past, but for the future in the improvement and reduction of the growth consumption of waste in the workplace and at home.
Our aim with this research is to show how can reduce, reuse and recycle the waste from our home or work places, having as ultimate aim the meeting of environmental objectives and, of course, minimising the waste disposal costs.
National Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory – Romania
Authors: PROOROCU Marian , DEACONU Sorin , SMARANDACHE Mihaela 
Published: December 2021

As a Party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and its Kyoto Protocol, Romania is required to elaborate, regularly update and submit the national GHG Inventory. In compliance with the reporting requirements, Romania submitted in 2010 its ninth version of the National Inventory Report (NIR) covering the national inventories of GHG emissions/removals for the period 1989-2008. The inventories cover all sectors: Energy, Industrial Processes, Solvent and other product use, Agriculture, LULUCF and Waste. The direct GHGs included in the national inventory are: Carbon dioxide (CO2); Methane (CH4); Nitrous oxide (N2O); Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); Perfluorocarbons (PFCs); Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).
The emissions trend over the 1989-2008 period reflects the changes characterized by a process of transition to a market economy. With the entire economy in transition, some energy intensive industries reduced their activities and this is reflected in the GHG emissions reduction. Energy represents the most important sector in Romania, accounting for about 69% of the total national GHG emissions in 2008.
The most significant anthropogenic greenhouse gas is the carbon dioxide. The decrease of CO2 emissions is caused by the decline of the amount of fossil fuels burnt in the energy sector, as a consequence of activity decline.
According to the figures, there is a great probability for Romania to meet the Kyoto Protocol commitments on the limitation of the GHG emissions in the 2008-2012 commitment period.
Processing Records of Wind Speed and Direction (September - November 2009)
Authors: RUSANESCU Carmen Otilia , RUSANESCU Marin 
Published: December 2021

A direction for current high research is the wind monitoring and renewable energy.
In this paper is monitored by the meteorological station wind direction and is calculated wind rose in September December 2009. The Siap GECO + MICROSOFT Version 2.3.2 automatically record the following parameters: air temperature, wind speed and direction, atmospheric humidity, solar radiation, rain.