bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of differential cross sections of neutron-induced deuteron production reactions on carbon from 25 to 52 MeV *
Authors: Cui Zengqi , Jiang Haoyu , Sun Kang , Zhang Guohui , Fan Ruirui , Jiang Wei , Bai Huaiyong , Hu Yiwei , Liu Jie , Yi Han , Ning Changjun , Sun Zhijia , Tang Jingyu , An Qi , Bao Jie , Bao Yu , Cao Ping , Chen Haolei , Chen Qiping , Chen Yonghao , Chen Yukai , Chen Zhen , Feng Changqing , Gao Keqing , Gu Minhao , Han Changcai , Han Zijie , He Guozhu , He Yongcheng , Hong Yang , Huang Hanxiong , Huang Weiling , Huang Xiru , Ji Xiaolu , Ji Xuyang , Jiang Zhijie , Jing Hantao , Kang Ling , Kang Mingtao , Li Bo , Li Chao , Li Jiawen , Li Lun , Li Qiang , Li Xiao , Li Yang , Liu Rong , Liu Shubin , Liu Xingyan , Luan Guangyuan , Mu Qili , Qi Binbin , Ren Jie , Ren Zhizhou , Ruan Xichao , Song Zhaohui , Song Yingpeng , Sun Hong , Sun Xiaoyang , Tan Zhixin , Tang Hongqing , Tang Xinyi , Tian Binbin , Wang Lijiao , Wang Pengcheng , Wang Qi , Wang Taofeng , Wang Zhaohui , Wen Jie , Wen Zhongwei , Wu Qingbiao , Wu Xiaoguang , Wu Xuan , Xie Likun , Yang Yiwei , Yu Li , Yu Tao , Yu Yongji , Zhang Linhao , Zhang Qiwei , Zhang Xianpeng , Zhang Yuliang , Zhang Zhiyong , Zhao Yubin , Zhou Luping , Zhou Zuying , Zhu Danyang , Zhu Kejun , Zhu Peng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The angle-differential cross sections of neutron-induced deuteron production from carbon were measured at six neutron energies from 25 to 52 MeV relative to those of n-p elastic scattering at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) Back-n white neutron source. By employing the Δ
E-E telescopes of the Light-charged Particle Detector Array (LPDA) system at 15.1° to 55.0° in the laboratory system, ratios of the angle-differential cross sections of the 12C(n, xd) reactions to those of the n-p scattering were measured, and then, the angle-differential cross sections of the 12C(n, xd) reactions were obtained using the angle-differential cross sections of the n-p elastic scattering from the JENDL-4.0/HE-2015 library as the standard. The obtained results are compared with data from previous measurements, all of which are based on mono-energic neutrons, the evaluated data from the JENDL-4.0/ HE-2015 library and the ENDF-B/VIII.0 library, and those from theoretical calculations based on INCA code and Talys-1.9 code. Being the first white-neutron-source-based systematic measurement of the angle-differential cross sections of neutron-induced deuteron production reactions on carbon in several tens of MeV, the present work can provide a reference to the data library considering the lack of experimental data.
Strongly enhanced quadrupole deformation in a class of N≈ Z nuclei driven by large-scale clustering? *
Authors: Petkov P. , Müller-Gatermann C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The formation of large size clusters, and/or their relative motion as a possible excitation mode, are suggested to be closely related to the origin of deformation in specific cases, namely the case of two doubly-magic clusters or two clusters with nearby characterization. New lifetime data in N = Z
76Sr and 80Zr leading to large B(E2) values are reproduced consistently and well within this approach, along with data for a few neighboring N

Z nuclei. These results are compared to previous studies of 32S and 20Ne and all of them support the ideas of the large-scale cluster approach.
A novel method to test particle ordering and final state alignment in helicity formalism *
Authors: Wang Mengzhen , Jiang Yi , Liu Yinrui , Qian Wenbin , Lyu Xiao-Rui , Zhang Liming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, the non-trival effect of the selection of reference particles for decay angle definitions is demonstrated when constructing the partial-wave amplitude of multi-body decays using helicity formalism. This issue is often ignored in the standard use case of helicity formalism. A new technique is proposed to test the selection of the particle ordering, and it can also be used as a generalized method to calculate the rotation operators that are used for the final-state alignment between different decay chains. Moreover, numerical validations are performed to support the arguments and to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Hadronic coupling constants of the lowest hidden-charm pentaquark state, using QCD sum rules with rigorous quark-hadron duality *
Authors: Wang Zhigang , Wang Huijuan , Xin Qi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this article, we illustrate how to calculate the hadronic coupling constants of the pentaquark states with QCD sum rules based on rigorous quark-hadron quality. We then study the hadronic coupling constants of the lowest diquark-diquark-antiquark type hidden-charm pentaquark state with spin-parity

in detail, and calculate the partial decay widths. The total width

is compatible with the experimental value

from the LHCb collaboration, and favors assigning the

to be the

pentaquark state with

. The hadronic coupling constants have the relation

, and favor the hadronic dressing mechanism. The

may have a diquark-diquark-antiquark type pentaquark core with the typical size of the

-type baryon states. The strong couplings to the meson-baryon pairs

lead to some pentaquark molecule components, and the

may spend a rather large time as the

molecular state.
Predicting the critical gradient of ITG turbulence in fusion plasmas
Authors: Pueschel M.J. , Li P.-Y. , Terry P.W. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The quasilinear mixing-length approach to efficient prediction of transport in fusion devices is improved to account for the ‘Dimits’ upshift between linear and nonlinear critical pressure gradients in zonal-flow-saturated turbulence regimes. This modification uses the frequency mismatch between modes interacting turbulently to track changes in saturation efficiency. Near criticality, energy is transferred exclusively to stable eigenmodes, rapidly increasing the efficacy of the nonlinearity. The modified quasilinear model is able to predict below-threshold turbulent ion-temperature-gradient-driven transport accurately and also yields significantly improved predictions for trapped-electron-mode transport.
Carbon Nanotubes as a Multifunctional additive and its Impact in Oil Based Mud System drilling Hydraulics
Authors: Okoro Emmanuel E. , Sanni Samuel E. , Obomanu Tamunotonjo , Okafor Ikechukwu S. , Emetere Moses E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The drilling fluids should exhibit shear thinning characteristics to have less resistance at high shear rates. Nanoparticles can enhance the rheological properties of drilling fluids using different mechanisms. Nanomaterials are engineered materials with at least one dimension in the range of 1–100 nm. Carbon nanotubes were chosen in this study due to their unique physio-chemical properties, thus, a good candidate for smart oil based mud formulation. This study investigates the multifunctional ability of carbon nanotubes in oil based mud system and its impact on the drilling hydraulics. Application of carbon nanoparticles in literature have mostly been on water based mud systems and mostly at weight less than 2 g. Effect of carbon nanotubes on flow properties of oil based mud systems within the range of 1 to 3 g weight was analysed. The result shows that the carbon nanotubes improved the flow properties of the formulated oil based mud systems into an acceptable and desirable range required for optimal hole cleaning. The flow behaviour index (n) for the oil based mud systems for drilling hydraulics calculations were between zero and one, thus, they behaved like pseudo plastic fluids (Non-Newtonian fluids) both in the drill pipe and the annulus. It was also observed that, there was increase in the ratio of flow behaviour index to consistency index (n/K) and this will help reduce cuttings bed height in the wellbore.
Determinants of Renewable Energy Consumption in Nigeria: A Toda Yamamoto Approach
Authors: Gershon O , Emekalam P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nigeria has inadequate power supply and this issue has lingered for years despite power sector reforms. Renewable resources could to be offering sustainable alternative energy supply in rural and urban regions of Nigeria. So, the key factors that determine the utilization of renewable energy in Nigeria are estimated in this paper for a period of twenty-four years using toda yamamoto method. Long-run relationship exists between renewable energy consumption and its determinants in Nigeria. Real income (real GDP) and emissions of CO2 are the most significant determinants of oil products import demand in Nigeria. Trade Openness was found to be insignificant. The analysis showed no causality between the consumption of renewable energy and some of its determinants. However, unidirectional causality runs from CO2 emission to GDP which implies that fossil fuels are significant drivers of real GDP or economic growth for Nigeria. It is evidenced that environmental considerations are less critical than real income to the consumption and development of renewable energy in Nigeria. Policy-makers should proffer incentives and measures that incentivize increased production and consumption of renewable energy while driving macroeconomic stability – especially in post COVID-19 era.
Impact of rapid population growth on public housing schemes and the influence on city resilience
Authors: Equere Enobong B. , Ibem Eziyi O. , Alagbe Oluwole A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Rapid population growth in urban centres has been identified as a threat to city resilience. However, in a developing country like Nigeria, there is a dearth of research on how impacts of rapid population growth on public housing schemes influence city resilience. This study evaluated selected public housing schemes in Abuja, Nigeria, to determine factors of the residents’ perception of impacts of rapid population growth on the housing estates they lived. This was with a view to assessing how these factors influence city resilience. Data for this study were collected from questionnaire administered to 345 residents of the selected public housing estates. The resident samples were asked to indicate their level of agreement/disagreement with 26 statements describing the possible impacts of rapid population growth in the housing estates they lived. The questionnaire was based on a 5-point Likert type scale ranging from 1=Strongly Disagree to 5=Strongly Agree. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify the key factors. The result reveals a mean score of 3.59, showing that the residents were in agreement on a rapid increase in population of people living in the estates. In addition, the result reveals a difference between the mean score of residents’ level of satisfaction with the house types meeting their need when they first moved into the estate (3.77) and the extent to which the same house type still satisfies their household need at the time the survey was conducted (3.18). Furthermore, seven factors of residents’ perception of impacts of rapid population growth on the estates emerged from the analysis. The first factor, which accounted for around 11.05% of the variance in the data, comprised need for the addition of more rooms in the dwelling units, consideration of distance of estates to place of work and the economic situation of residents in the estates. The application of this result to housing that influence city resilience is drawn from previous study which identified five key factors of housing that influence resilience and adaptation to stress. The result reveals that none of the seven factors of impact of rapid population growth on the estates that emerged in the current study appears as a factor that influences housing resilience and adaptation to stress. This study implies that for public housing schemes in developing countries like Nigeria to influence city resilience, housing designers and developers should consider factors of housing that are more likely to adapt to the stress of increasing population.
Assessing the Viability of Rainwater Harvesting System for Sustainable Manufacturing in Water Stressed Regions
Authors: Ogwu E. A , Igbax S. I , Ogwu A. A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Water is considered to the life wire of many manufacturing industry. Water is used for processing of materials, cooling of engines, firefighting and also important for sanitation and welfare of workers. As the population of the world increases, the demand for water to meet domestic and industrial needs of man increases. In line with sustainable development, there is need for practices in manufacturing which will help preserve scarce resources for domestic needs. The global trend in industries is sustainable manufacturing which is hinged at increasing operational efficiency and as well reducing cost and wastages. As a result, there is a growing interest on rainwater as an alternative source. In this paper, the rainwater harvesting system was assessed to establish its viability for a small scale pozzolana plant for sustainable manufacturing. The methodology adopted was estimating water consumption in the production plant and potential harvestable rainwater from the roof top. The harvestable rainwater was estimated based on the rainfall data obtained from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) and the rooftop (catchment) area was determined by taking dimensions of the rooftop to establish the area while a collection efficiency of 90% was assumed. Design and operational parameters from literature was used to describe the effectiveness of the system for the study area. Results revealed that water demand to run the plant for production and sanitation for staff welfare can be covered substantially using rainwater with a reliability of 99.7% and annual water savings of 1,350,000.00. The investment is viable and will be amortized in only 1.6 years. The rainwater harvesting system will generate economic benefits by reducing the cost of production and consequently the selling price will be reduced for consumers.
Renewable Energy Consumption Shocks on CO2 Emissions and Economic Growth of Nigeria
Authors: Ezenwa N , Nwatu V , Gershon O 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper examines the nexus among economic growth, renewable energy consumption and CO2 pollution in Nigeria. The study tested for co-integration using the Johansen technique, which is evident and applied the vector error correction model (VECM) on the annual data for the period 1990-2015. The results indicate a bi-directional causality between renewable energy consumption (REC) and economic growth (GDP). REC positively granger causes GDP in both short-run and long-run, while GDP has an adverse effect on REC in the short run. Historical decomposition of shocks reveals the relative implications of renewable energy shocks on GDP to be mostly negative between period 1990 and 2007. This is as a result of inefficient renewable technologies during the period. However, there is persistent and positive influence of REC on economic growth in the period between 2009 and 2015. Increase use of renewable technologies due to its relative affordability and better efficiency contributes to the progressive influence on economic growth. The variance decomposition analysis predicts an increase in the use of renewable energy technologies in the five year forecast period, with CO2 emissions will increasing as a consequence of dependence fossil fuel energy resources. The paper suggests environmental and tax policy instruments, as well as, effective governance to enhance environmental quality and encourage sustainable/green economic growth. The key instruments include: grants, feed-in-tariffs (FIT), production tax credits, renewable portfolio standards (RPS), and loans to enable industrial sector invest in renewable energy.
Homelessness Factors and Psychological Wellbeing Concerns in Nigerian Cities
Authors: Ekhaese E N , Evbuoma I K , Adejuwon G A , Odukoya J A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Homelessness is a social, psychological, environmental, economical, family, and individual condition that describes the homeless. The object of this paper is identify the homelessness factors and its psychological wellbeing concerns on the urban residents in Nigeria. The study employed qualitative method using observation schedule, photographs, tables, charts and interview guide to collect data among homeless people in cities across the six geopolitical zones of Nigerian. Findings indicate that homelessness are in categories, and are characterized by factors such as psychological, anthropological, ecological, economic, cultural, sociological and religious. The psychological wellbeing implications of homelessness among the homeless population in Nigerian urban cities were highlighted. The result of study showed that homelessness factors in Nigerian cities can predict the severe health and psychological wellbeing consequences of urban residents. It was concluded that the concerns of homelessness on the psychological wellbeing and general health of the homeless in Nigerian cities require urgent attention.
Imprints of security challenges on vernacular architecture of northern Nigeria: a study on Borno State
Authors: Okeke Francis O. , Chendo Ikebueze G. , Ibem Eziyi O. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Security challenges are known to have diverse negative impacts on all facets of human endeavours across the world. However, in a country like Nigeria that is faced with myriads of security challenges ranging from armed bandits to insurgences by terrorist groups, the impacts of security challenges on architecture have not been adequately explored. This research examined how security challenges have influenced the architectural forms and spatial morphology of vernacular architecture in Northern Nigeria using three Local Government Areas: Maiduguri, Nganzai and Monguno of Borno State a case study. The primary data were gathered through observations, photographic materials and oral interviews with randomly selected residents in the study area. These were complemented with the review of published literature. The results of content analysis reveal a gradual change in Northern Nigeria vernacular architecture to accommodate the myriads of security challenges confronting the region. Specifically, it was observed that changes in traditional circular houses with thatch roofs to rectangular houses and the use of modern building materials as well as emergence of gated communities abound in the study area. The study also found a decline in traditional decorations and paintings on domestic building due to the relocation of practitioners from the study area. The study concludes that in spite of the daunting security challenges, Nigerians should not abandon their rich heritage in vernacular architecture, rather, indigenous and modern architectural principles should be integrated in evolving secured human settlements in this country.
Innovation In Academic Workspace Design: The Implication For Sustainable Effectiveness
Authors: Adenipekun M.T. , Ajibola M.O. , Oluwunmi A.O. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper aims at discovering sustainable academic workspace design that can match the technological changes arising from emergent innovation for effectiveness in the contemporary time world of work. More often, innovation becomes disruptive to effectiveness in a short period of time. The objective of the paper illustrates the point that effectiveness of workspace influence space utilisation. Space utilisation and values determination are derivatives of design and sustainable effectiveness. The paper considers current thought in this area and presents a literature review. Emergent work modes from changing technology and innovations in workspace design for universal effectiveness were holistically considered. 5 factors were discovered to be essentially important to the sustainability of workspace design in order to sustain effectiveness of workspace and that of the worker. This implies that design of workspace imperatively need to insert some elements of flexibility; otherwise, the time scale major refit benefits of designs for office of the future may turn around to become hindrances to effectiveness. 109 key variables were generated from literature review as very cognate for academic workspace design.
Evaluation analysis of a developed solar refrigerator using conventional refrigerant for rural and medical applications
Authors: Banjo S.O. , Ajayi O.O. , Bolaji B.O. , Emetere M.E. , Fayomi O.S.I. , Udoye N.E. , Olatunde A.O. , Akinlabu K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper study the performance evaluation of a refrigeration system that operates on solar energy as alternative source of power to enhance the refrigerating effect, coefficient of performance (COP), preservation of perishable items and short time drug such as vaccine, to remote communities and parts of the urban settlement around the developing nations where there is no access to modern electrical source. The system was made from locally sourced materials using a conventional refrigerant HFC134a as working fluid to improve thermal efficiency and stability of the vapour compression refrigeration system. The COP of the system was enhanced by 8.67% when working with solar and with energy reduction of 2.38% respectively. In case the weather is cloudy or during the night hour when the energy generation is low, the refrigerator can work on battery for an average of 12 hours if fully charge during the day to avoid idle time of the refrigeration system.
Transition to Green Energy and Sustainable Development in Nigeria: A Prospective and Evaluative Analysis
Authors: Nwozor Agaptus , Olanrewaju John S , Oshewolo Segun , Iseolorunkanmi Joseph , Fayomi Oluwafemi , Okidu Onjefu , Adetunji Thelma A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Since the global discussions on climate change and environmental sustainability began, Nigeria has been actively involved in terms of participating, flowing with global trends and meeting its international obligations in that context. Thus, from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to Kyoto Protocol and then the Paris Agreement, Nigeria has been involved as it ratified and became a Party to them. Corollary to being a Party to the Paris Agreement, Nigeria committed itself to reducing its carbon emissions by 2030 by embracing clean, low carbon alternative energy sources to meet its domestic energy needs. Nigeria’s commitment is not without challenges considering a number of factors, namely it is dependent on fossil fuels for its foreign exchange earnings, it has a lingering problem with gas flaring and oil spills, its energy holdings are mainly dependent on fossil fuels, and there is evident lack of capacity and capability to harness its renewable energy resources. These challenges notwithstanding, Nigeria has developed various policy frameworks with targets and projections aimed at harnessing its abundant renewable energy resources in order to transit to green economy. The question that this paper attempts to address is whether Nigeria has been able to harness its renewable energy resources to address its energy challenges as well as transit to green energy as envisaged by its various policy documents. This paper engages secondary data in evaluating the extent to which the country has or has not transited to green energy as projected and targeted. This paper finds that the policy projections of transiting to green energy have no discernible pathways to assure its sustainable realization. It also finds that this disconnect between green energy transition targets and non-realization is linked to inadequate influx of private investments and therefore, recommends the provision of regulatory framework necessary to inspire investors’ confidence and commitment.