bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis pembelajaran daring siswa sekolah menengah atas di Kecamatan Mranggen kelas XI di tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Wulandari Jayanti Gustia 
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia which has an impact on the economic inequality of society and also the impact of education which hinders the learning process. This has led to a new learning method called online learning or distance learning which is now being implemented by the government. Students are required to take online learning because the Covid-19 pandemic does not allow students to take face-to-face learning with the teacher. The purpose of this study is to analyze online learning in Upper Middle School Students in the Mranggen District. The method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. Test the validity of the data using validity and credibility tests. The data analysis used is reduction, display data, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results of this study indicate that online learning or distance learning has many advantages and disadvantages experienced by students, parents, and physical education teachers in SMA Mranggen District. In its strength, students know more about information technology or what is called IT. The drawback of online learning itself is that the limited facilities and infrastructure that are owned by the teacher and students make learning less optimal. The conclusion of this research is that research can get results that the Covid-19 pandemic has advantages and disadvantages of online learning from Physical Education and Health in Mranggen District.
REDRESSING DIGITAL ORIENTALISM: VIETNAMESE CULTURAL PROFESSIONALS’ DIGITAL WORK DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Duester Emma , Teague Michal 
Published: August 2021

The current study investigates how digital technologies can potentially be used to re-orientate the global narrative on Vietnam, overcome an imbalance in representation and help redress digital orientalism. Global digital technologies allow Vietnamese cultural professionals to reach beyond the borders of their nation and to become part of the global art world. With this,they can participate in the production, dissemination, and circulation of discourses on art and culture globally. In doing so, they can redress digital orientalism by contemporizing narratives on Vietnam. However, there is an underlying tension, as the very means by which their voicesare heard is achieved by using global (western) technologies, tools and platforms. The research uses a digital ethnography of the Facebook pages of 7 contemporary art spaces in Hanoi and 20 semi-structured interviews with art and cultural professionals in Hanoi. The interviews were carried out during the Covid-19 Pandemic and addressed its impact and use of digital technology in their work during this time.
Management of Class II Division 1 Subdivision malocclusion using unilateral bicuspid extractions and fixed functional appliance: A Two Year Follow-Up
Authors: Kohli Sarvraj , Kohli Virinder , Kochhar Gagan Deep 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Management of Class II Subdivision cases pose a clinical dilemma and require a careful diagnosis to ascertain the source of asymmetry. Various treatment modalities involving: different protocols of tooth extractions; molar distalization; fixed functional appliances or orthognathic surgery have been proposed for the same.
Objective: This article reports a unique approach for management of a severe skeletal Class II with Angle’s Class II Division 1 subdivision malocclusion using unilateral bicuspid extractions in mandibular and maxillary arches and a fixed functional appliance.
Results: A 13 year 1 month old male in CVMI transition stage was successfully treated. Extraction of #44 was done to alleviate crowding in the mandibular anterior region and #15 was extracted to protract #16 to achieve a Class II molar relationship. A pre-functional Class II molar and canine relationship with co-incident midlines was achieved. The functional phase consisted of a fixed functional appliance (Forsus FRD) for mandibular advancement to correct the severe skeletal Class II. Class I molar and canine relationships were achieved with reduction of facial convexity and overjet. Result remained stable 24 months after treatment. The improvement can be quantified by the reduction in scores of orthodontic indices measured pre and post treatment.
Conclusions: Management of Class II subdivision malocclusion requires careful planning. This paper presents a unique approach utilizing unilateral extractions and fixed functional appliance to address severe skeletal Class II discrepancy and the subdivision dilemma.
Evaluation of the effects of cotton roll-biting on debonding pain: a split-mouth study
Authors: Celebi Fatih 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Debonding pain is an unpleasant sensation that is frequently encountered during debonding procedure.
Aim of the study: To investigate the effectiveness of cotton roll-biting on pain caused by the debonding procedure.
Materials and methods: 102 patients (61 females, 41 males) who were at the debonding stage in orthodontic treatment were included in the research. The study was planned using a split-mouth design: one side of the jaw was the study, and the other side was the control. The anxiety level of participants was measured before debonding. On the study side, debonding was performed while patients were biting a cotton roll. On the control side, debonding was implemented as a routine debonding procedure. Study and control sides were assigned differently in each successive patient. The debonding pain of each tooth was recorded using the Visual Analog Scale prepared separately for each tooth. Shapiro–Wilk and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. For both gender groups, patients were sequenced according to the average amount of pain per tooth. Subsequently, statistical analysis was repeated by using 50% of patients suffering more pain.
Results: In the lower second premolar tooth, a statistically significant difference was detected. Pain scores were statistically higher in the study side for this tooth. No statistically significant differences were found for all other teeth.
Conclusions: Cotton roll-biting has no alleviating effect on debonding pain. When debonding is performed gently using a squeezing action without applying torsional forces, additional pain relief methods are not required.
Anaerobic Decolorization of Sulfonated Azo Dyes by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria
Authors: Sreelekshmi V. , Vincent Salom Gnana Thanga 
Published: August 2021

Aim: The present study was done to find out ability of sulfate reducing bacteria to reduce sulfonated azo dyes found in the textile effluent.
Study Design: Isolate Sulfate reducing bacterial strains from dye contaminated soil samples, inoculate and incubate dye supplemented media under static anaerobic condition and measure the decolorization using UV-VIS spectrophotometer.
Place and Duration of Study: The samples were collected from Travancore textiles Nemom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Laboratory analysis were performed at Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India. The study was done for a period of six months.
Methodology: The isolated sulfate reducing bacterial (SRB) strains were screened to test the tolerance to selected sulfonated azo dye Direct blue 71. The decolorization assay was done in Postgate media and an aliquot of samples (3mL) were withdrawn periodically, centrifuged at 10,000rpm for 15min. The supernatant was used to assay azo dye reduction by measuring residual absorption at the wavelength 594 nm of the Direct Blue 71. Results were compared with the uninoculated control. The optimization of physicochemical conditions for effective decolorization of the selected bacterial strains was studied at different environmental conditions (pH, temperature, concentration and added co-substrates such as sodium acetate, lactate and mannitol). The biodegradation of sulfonated azo dye was assessed by characterizing the metabolites formed after degradation by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). FT-IR analysis revealed only decolorization had occurred without degradation of the dye during the short incubation period of one week.
Conclusion: Degradation of azo dyes and other recalcitrant compounds by obligate anaerobes such as sulfate reducing bacteria is a slow process. Hence, extension of incubation period is necessary for the effective and complete degradation of the dye by SRB.
Prevalence of Dysphagia in Children with Cerebral Palsy”: A Multicenter Study in Lahore
Authors: Kanwal Fiaz , Masood Fahad , Iftikhar Nayab , Afzal Farjad , Mubarak Sabah 
Published: August 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of dysphagia in children with cerebral palsy.
Materials and Methods: A sample of 105 children with cerebral palsy age between four and sixteen years, were selected from cerebral palsy centers in Lahore. Out of these children almost all were with spastic cerebral palsy. Data was collected by using a questionnaire filled by the caregivers of children with cerebral palsy. This questionnaire constitutes questions regarding swallowing difficulty of CP child and their eating & feeding patterns to determine the prevalence of dysphagia.
Results: Result indicated that out of 105 children’s caregiver with cerebral palsy 36(34.3%) responded affirmatively that their children have swallowing difficulty and 69(65.7%) responded negatively that their children have no swallowing difficulty.
Conclusion: The findings suggested that prevalence of dysphagia in children with cerebral palsy is 34.3% in Lahore city.
Relationship between impaired work function and coping behaviors in workers with low back pain
Authors: Sakai Kosuke , Nagata Tomohisa , Nagata Masako , Kajiki Shigeyuki , Fujino Yoshihisa , Mori Koji 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between work functional impairment levels and three coping behaviors of workers with low back pain, which were about seeking medical attention, taking over-the-counter drugs, and taking self-care.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study on 14 Japanese companies in 2016. Work function impairment was measured using the Work Functioning Impairment Scale. Logistic regression analyses were conducted for the three coping behaviors and odds ratios (ORs) calculated for work functional impairment levels.

Results
We analyzed 2232 subjects; 226 were women and 790 worked on production lines. 688 workers had sought medical attention, 436 had taken over-the-counter medication, and 1225 had engaged in self-care. Those seeking medical attention were associated with severe work function impairment compared with no work function impairment (adjusted OR = 2.84, 95% confidence interval: 1.82–4.45, p &lt; .001). We observed a trend for the association between over-the-counter drug use with high levels of work function impairment (adjusted OR: 1.19 for low, 1.35 for moderate, 1.65 for severe). There was no apparent relationship between self-care and the degree of work functional impairment.

Conclusion
In workers with low back pain, severe work functional impairment may promote medical attention and over-the-counter medication use, but it would not encourage self-care, such as stretching or exercise. Therefore, workplaces need to provide special support to help them take care of themselves. Therefore, it is desirable to provide good support for self-care in the workplace.
In Situ Fabrication of Freestanding Single‐Atom‐Thick 2D Metal/Metallene and 2D Metal/ Metallene Oxide Membranes: Recent Developments
Authors: Ta Huy Q. , Mendes Rafael G. , Liu Yu , Yang Xiaoqin , Luo Jingping , Bachmatiuk Alicja , Gemming Thomas , Zeng Mengqi , Fu Lei , Liu Lijun , Rümmeli Mark H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn recent years, two‐dimensional (2D) materials have attracted a lot of research interest as they exhibit several fascinating properties. However, outside of 2D materials derived from van der Waals layered bulk materials only a few other such materials are realized, and it remains difficult to confirm their 2D freestanding structure. Despite that, many metals are predicted to exist as 2D systems. In this review, the authors summarize the recent progress made in the synthesis and characterization of these 2D metals, so called metallenes, and their oxide forms, metallene oxides as free standing 2D structures formed in situ through the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning TEM (STEM) to synthesize these materials. Two primary approaches for forming freestanding monoatomic metallic membranes are identified. In the first, graphene pores as a means to suspend the metallene or metallene oxide and in the second, electron‐beam sputtering for the selective etching of metal alloys or thick complex initial materials is employed to obtain freestanding single‐atom‐thick 2D metal. The data show a growing number of 2D metals/metallenes and 2D metal/ metallene oxides having been confirmed and point to a bright future for further discoveries of these 2D materials.
Digital agriculture platforms: Driving data‐enabled agricultural innovation in a world fraught with privacy and security concerns
Authors: Runck Bryan C. , Joglekar Alison , Silverstein Kevin A. T. , Chan‐Kang Connie , Pardey Philip G. , Wilgenbusch James C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDigital agriculture is often heralded as the next major wave of innovation in food and agriculture. Driven by big data, the intention is that digital agriculture will transform the entire research and development pipeline across agricultural value chains throughout the developed and developing worlds. Yet, issues concerning data quality, interoperability, intellectual property ownership and data privacy present considerable challenges to this vision. Digital agriculture platforms, which support data sharing, analysis, interoperability, and public and private sector collaboration, are one approach to address this challenge, but as a new research domain, there is a lack of conceptual clarity around what constitutes a “digital agriculture platform”. Here, we use a “bottom up” and “top down” analysis approach to develop a taxonomy of the digital agriculture landscape. Then, we select a set of digital agriculture platforms for in‐depth analysis across a set of technical and use requirements. While digital agriculture will remain a constantly evolving landscape with varied technologies and application areas, this presents a first attempt to characterize this landscape and establish a common vocabulary for understanding digital agriculture platforms.
Early Cretaceous abietoid Pinaceae from Mongolia and the history of seed scale shedding
Authors: Herrera Fabiany , Shi Gongle , Bickner Maya A. , Ichinnorov Niiden , Leslie Andrew B. , Crane Peter R. , Herendeen Patrick S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPremiseSeed cones of extant Pinaceae exhibit two mechanisms of seed release. In “flexers” the cone scales remain attached to the central axis, while flexing and separating from each other to release the seeds. In “shedders” scales are shed from the axis, with the seeds either remaining attached to the scale or becoming detached. The early fossil history of Pinaceae from the Jurassic to Early Cretaceous is dominated by flexing seed cones, while the systematic information provided by shedding fossil cones has been overlooked and rarely integrated with data based on compression and permineralized specimens. We describe the earliest and best‐documented evidence of a “shedder” seed cone from the Aptian–Albian of Mongolia.MethodsLignite samples from Tevshiin Govi locality were disaggregated in water, washed, and dried in air. Fossils were compared to material of extant Pinaceae using LM and CT scans.ResultsLepidocasus mellonae gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by a seed cone that disarticulated at maturity and shed obovate bract–scale complexes that have a distinctive ribbed surface and an abaxial surface covered with abundant trichomes. The ovuliferous scale has ca. 30–40 resin canals, but only scarce xylem near the attachment to the cone axis. Resin vesicles are present in the seed integument. Phylogenetic analysis places Lepidocasus as sister to extant Cedrus within the abietoid grade.ConclusionsThe exquisite preservation of the trichomes in L. mellonae raises questions about their potential ecological function in the cones of fossil and living Pinaceae. Lepidocasus mellonae also shows that a shedding dispersal syndrome, a feature that has often been overlooked, evolved early in the history of Pinaceae during the Early Cretaceous.
Carers’ experiences of the National Disability Insurance Scheme workforce: A qualitative study informing workforce development
Authors: Hurley John , Hutchinson Marie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) requires a skilled workforce capable of assessing the diverse needs of service participants and providing tailored services accordingly. There is currently limited evidence regarding workforce capabilities to inform training and curriculum design, particularly from the perspectives of carers. This paper reports findings from a longitudinal qualitative study exploring the lived experiences of regional carers following their engagement with the NDIS workforce. This paper aimed to foreground the experiences of carers and identify regional workforce development priorities to benefit both carers and service participants. Seventy‐two carers living in regional New South Wales were interviewed three times between November 2018 and November 2019. The insights provided by carers highlighted workforce expertise, nontechnical skills and service availability as key drivers of either helpful or unhelpful experiences. Interpersonal values, empathy and advanced communication microskills enabled the planning and coordinating workforce to undertake holistic and effective planning. Similar values and relationship‐building capabilities were pivotal for the workforce translating assessments into delivering support and interventions. Findings also highlight NDIS provider organisations can best support carers through better recruitment, retention and training strategies.
Redox‐Divergent Construction of (Dihydro)thiophenes with DMSO
Authors: Liu Heng , He Gu‐Cheng , Zhao Chao‐Yang , Zhang Xiang‐Xin , Ji Ding‐Wei , Hu Yan‐Cheng , Chen Qing‐An 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThiophene‐based rings are one of the most widely used building blocks for the synthesis of sulfur‐containing molecules. Inspired by the redox diversity of these features in nature, we demonstrate herein a redox‐divergent construction of dihydrothiophenes, thiophenes, and bromothiophenes from the respective readily available allylic alcohols, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and HBr. The redox‐divergent selectivity could be manipulated mainly by controlling the dosage of DMSO and HBr. Mechanistic studies suggest that DMSO simultaneously acts as an oxidant and a sulfur donor. The synthetic potentials of the products as platform molecules were also demonstrated by various derivatizations, including the preparation of bioactive and functional molecules.
Construction strategies and thermal energy storage applications of shape‐stabilized phase change materials
Authors: Yan Jiahui , Hu Dechao , Wang Zhiqiang , Ma Wenshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) are usually used in latent thermal energy storage systems to address the mismatch between heat energy supply and demand, due to their high energy storage density, high‐latent heat, and almost constant temperature during phase change process. However, the low‐thermal conductivity of PCMs and severe leakage during phase change limit their practical applications. Thus, extensive efforts have been devoted to constructing shape‐stabilized PCMs (SSPCMs). In this review, recent advances of the construction strategies and thermal energy storage applications of SSPCMs are summarized. Especially, the microencapsulated PCMs, SSPCMs based on porous scaffolds, as well as their potential applications are highlighted. Finally, the future perspectives and remaining challenges in this research field are prospected.
Amphiphilic copolymers of dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate with controlled hydrophilicity for antialgal activity
Authors: Mushtaq Shehla , Abbas Muhammad Asad , Nasir Habib , Mahmood Azhar , Iqbal Mudassir , Janjua Hussnain A. , Malik Qamar , Ahmad Nasir M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBiofouling due to algae mass attachment has detrimental effects on the performance and economy of many manufacturing processes. In consideration of this, present research is focused to mitigate such effect through the development of environmentally benign active antialgal cationic amphiphilic copolymers of poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The copolymers compositions were synthesized to tailor various characteristics to control surface biofilm formation and antialgal activities were determined through suspension assay. Biofilm formation ofDictyosphaerium sp. algae on the synthesized copolymers of different surface energies was ascertained by measuring chlorophyll A content and percent adhesion of algae. The copolymers antialgal performance enhanced with increase in PDMAEMA concentration as it exhibited the lowest contact angle as well as adhesion and minimum chlorophyll A contents. Algal adhesion on the surface of materials was also observed by optical microscopy. The copolymers with higher concentration of DMAEMA resulted in greater hydrophilicity which exhibited low adhesion ofDictyosphaeriumalgae due to possibility of stronger hydration effect and wettability as evident from their lower water contact angle. The developed benign cationic polymers of PDMAEMA and PMMA with varying compositions can lead to important breakthrough in the subject area of antialgal research in several manufacturing processes.
Effect of oligomers from epoxidized soybean oil and sebacic acid on the toughness of polylactic acid/bamboo fiber composites
Authors: Song Xinyu , Zhang Caili , Yang Yang , Weng Yunxuan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe application of bamboo fibers (BFs) to reinforce the impact strength of polylactic acid (PLA) is attractive because of its low cost and high specific strength. However, the main disadvantages of PLA/BF composites are their low compatibility and poor interfacial adhesion caused by different surface energies. In this work, a bio‐based compatibilizer is used to modify PLA/BF composites with a BF content up to 30 wt%. First, sebacic acid (SA) and epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) are reacted to obtain ESO‐SA oligomers with different branching and crosslinking structures. Next, ESO‐SA is incorporated into a PLA/BF composite through dynamic vulcanization, and fully bio‐based PLA/BF/ESO‐SA ternary composites are prepared. Compared to the PLA/BF composite without ESO‐SA addition, the impact strength of PLA/BF/16ESO‐SA12 increases from 5.8 to 14.55 KJ/m2. The toughening mechanism results confirm that the chemical structure of ESO‐SA is the key indicator of the toughening efficiency.