bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics of Pregnant Women With Epilepsy-A Retrospective Multi Center Study
Authors: Cheng Huan , Wu Dongyan , Li Lin , Fan Qinyi , Tang Xinghua , Liu Zhenguo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Many women with epilepsy (WWE) become pregnant, so the control of seizures during pregnancy and the use of anti-epileptic drug (AED) may directly affect the outcome of pregnancy. This study retrospectively analyzed seizures, medications and pregnancy outcomes of WWE, in order to provide clinical basis for reasonable management of pregnancy in these women. Methods: Information, including seizures, medications during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes of WWE, was collected through telephonic follow-up and retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among the 61 WWE, 26 cases had seizures during pregnancy. Among the WWE treated with monotherapy, the most commonly used AEDs were carbamazepine (29.27%), levetiracetam (31.71%) and lamotrigine (14.63%). Nine WWE had adverse pregnancy outcomes. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in WWE who had seizures within one year before pregnancy was significantly higher than WWE who were seizure-free within one year before pregnancy (c2=5.355, p=0.021). The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in WWE who had seizures during pregnancy was also significantly higher than WWE without seizures during pregnancy (c2=7.155, p=0.007).Conclusions: A small number of WWE had adverse pregnancy outcomes, while the majority of them had relatively stable epilepsy control during pregnancy and gave birth to a healthy offspring. The main therapeutic drugs for WWE are new AEDs, represented by levetiracetam and lamotrigine, and the use of valproate sodium has been significantly reduced. Seizures within one year before pregnancy may be able to predict seizures during pregnancy.
Obesity, Fasting Blood Sugar, Triglyceride and Physical Activity in Association With Sleep Quality in Iranian Adults in 2019
Authors: Haghgoo Mazyar , Saidpour Atoosa , Sadeghzadeh Hakimeh , Rabiei Samira 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesSleep is an essentially biological process for health and the pattern of sleep. Poor sleep quality is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for poor health outcomes such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between sleep quality, body mass index (BMI) and glycemic and lipid profiles in Iranian adults in 2020.This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on adults aged 18-60 years from both sexes. Participants were selected from those who referred to community centers in Tehran Municipality. Three hundred and fifty-three Volunteers who had inclusion criteria entered the study by convenience sampling. Information on anthropometric measurements, Physical Activity and dietary intake were collected. Sleep quality was assessed through PSQI questionnaire. Biochemical analysis was also conducted to investigate FBS, Insulin and lipid profile.ResultsBMI had positive correlation with subscale of “sleep disturbances” and “use of sleep medication” (P-value <0.001). Physical activity had a significant negative correlation with subscales of “subjective sleep quality” and “sleep latency”. FBS and TG had positive correlation with “sleep latency” and “Subjective sleep quality”, respectively (p-value<0.05). Weak sleep quality has association with obesity, disorder of glucose and triglyceride metabolism and lower level of physical activity.
Minimally Invasive Surgery Versus Open Surgery for the Treatment of Rectal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Xie Yi-Lin , Tan Feng-bo , Liu Sheng , Liao Guo-qing , Qi Jing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundsRectal GISTs are relatively rare and surgical resection is the potential curative treatment for rectal GISTs. However, limited studies addressing the outcomes of minimally invasive surgery for rectal GIST. MethodsA total of 32 rectal GIST patients were retrospective from January 2010 to December 2019 at Xiangya hospital Central South University. The demographic and clinicopathologic data were supplemented by our clinic and pathologic system. Selection bias was eliminated using the propensity score matching (PSM) methods ResultsAfter PSM, 22 patients were finally enrolled in our cohorts, with 11 patients in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) group and 11 patients in open surgery(OPEN) group randomly matched (1:1) by age, gender, body mass index, tumor size, tumor distance above the anal edge. MIS group recived a shorter operating time (108.45±31.56min vs 136.18±28.58min, P=0.043) and lesser blood less(67.27±54.97mL vs 194.55±115.96mL, P=0.004) than OPEN group during the operation. Besides, the MIS group seemed to gain a shorter time to resume borborygmus after operation, flatus passage, resuming oral diet, and hospital stay, but no significantly statistic difference(P＞0.05). Moreover, no differences in rate of 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year Progression Free Survival and overall survival was found between two groups.ConclusionCompared with open surgery, minimally invasive surgery benefits a shorter operating time and lesser blood less in operation in rectal GISTs. Moreover, similar oncologic outcome was found both in minimally invasive surgery and open surgery in rectal GISTs.
The Corrosion Degradation Characters of the Secondary Loop Piping in Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Zhao Liang , Luo Kunjie , Li Guangfu , Tu Shantung 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Fully understanding the corrosion damage characteristics of the secondary loop pipeline plays an important role in ensuring the safe, stable and economic operation of a nuclear power plant. flow accelerated corrosion(FAC), erosion corrosion(EC), high temperature corrosion(HTC) and under insulation corrosion(UIC) are the main corrosion damage forms of secondary loop pipeline. The damage characteristics of FAC in liquid single-phase flow and vapor-liquid two-phase flow are obviously different. Under specific operating conditions, different EC damages such as flash evaporation, droplet impact, HTC erosion, cavitation corrosion, jet cutting, etc may occur. In this paper, the formation conditions, damage morphology, wall thickness distribution, thinning rate and other characteristics of corrosion damage of secondary loop pipeline in nuclear power plant are compared and analyzed. On this basis, these corrosion damages of the secondary loop pipeline in nuclear power plant could be effectively identified and targeted managed.
A Numerical Study about the Effect of Non-uniform CMAS Penetration on the TGO Growth and Interface Stress Behavior of APS TBCs
Authors: CAI Zhenwei , ZHANG Zifan , Liu Yingzheng , Zhao Xiaofeng , Wang Weizhe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The penetration of calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicate (CMAS) is one of the most vital factors inducing the failure of air plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings (APS TBCs). The CMAS penetration into the porous microstructures of TBCs changes the thermal/mechanical properties of top coat (TC) material, this brings about considerable thermal mismatch stress at the TC/bond coat (BC) interface, and accelerates the growth of the thermally grown oxide (TGO), finally leading to more complicated stress state at the interface. In present study, a two-dimensional global model of APS TBCs with half of the TC penetrated by CMAS is built to study effect of non-uniform CMAS penetration. Then, a local model extracted from the global are built to investigate the effect of interface morphologies and CMAS penetration depth. The results showed that non-uniform CMAS penetration in APS TBCs causes non-uniform TGO growth, which further leads to more complicated interface stress distribution. The CMAS penetration depth had a greater effect on the TC/TGO interface stress behavior, while the interface roughness had an more obvious influence on the stress level at BC/TGO interface under CMAS penetration.
Scientific and Experimental Substantiation of the Key Geometric and Kinematic Parameters of Vibrocutting Machines
Authors: Altunyan Artur , Tarverdyan Arshaluys 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The process of cutting with a blade is largely applied in technological equipment used in the agricultural production complex and is used to process raw materials with different physical and mechanical properties. Nonetheless, the relation between the parameters of processing with vibroblade and the rheological properties of the processed material is insufficiently studied, while it is an important issue of practical significance.As a result of laboratory experiments, it became possible to obtain the power characteristics of vibrocutting of common reed, establish an optimal combination of factors: vibration amplitude, frequency and the speed of the blade delivery to ensure the minimum vibro-cutting force. As a desirable kinematic regime, 𝐾 =𝑉/𝑉𝜏 , the following relation of speed of delivery and vibration speed of the toothed blade: ≅ 0.004.
Autocompensating Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Cryptography in Space Division Multiplexing Optical Fibers
Authors: Liñares Jesús , Carral Gabriel M. , Prieto-Blanco Xesús , Balado Daniel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Single photon or biphoton states propagating in optical bers or in free space are affected by random perturbations or imperfections along optical bers or free space that disturb the information encoded in such states and accordingly quantum key distribution is prevented. We propose three different systems for autocompensating such random perturbations and imperfections when a measurement-device-independent protocol is used. These systems correspond to different optical bers intended for space division multiplexing and supporting collinear modes, polarization modes or codirectional modes such as few-mode optical bers and multicore optical bers. Accordingly, we propose different Bell-states measurement devices. Finally, these types of optical bers allow the use of several transmission channels what compensates the reduction of the bit rate due to losses.
Podcasting and Vocabulary Learning in an EFL Context: a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Ghoorchaei Behrooz , Rastegar Hashem , Shomoossi Nematullah , Amiri Mostafa 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study investigated the impact of using podcasts as instructional tools on EFL learners’ vocabulary learning, and to evaluate their attitude towards listening to podcasts. A vocabulary pre-test was given to 60 male intermediate-level EFL learners which indicated that they were homogeneous regarding their vocabulary knowledge. The participants were divided into two groups; the experimental group were instructed by podcasts, but the control group continued with the routine instruction. The results revealed that the podcast group outperformed those in the control group in the post-test. To find out the students' attitudes towards podcasting, an 8-item Likert-type questionnaire was given to the participants in the podcasting group; through face-to-face interviews with 8 participants from the same group, a thematic analysis was conducted and four themes emerged: (1) vocabulary achievement, (2) learning by listening, (3) learner choice and flexibility, and (4) podcasts as useful instructional tools. The findings suggest that podcasts enhance learners’ vocabulary learning, thus emphasizing the pedagogical merits of podcasts on the enrichment of EFL classes. The results may provide implications for curriculum development and L2 vocabulary teaching and learning.
Untangling Covid-19 Pathophysiology Part I: Oligomeric (Soluble) Fibrin Forming Transient Microclots Enhances the Lethality of Covid-19
Authors: Bull Brian , Hay Karen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We propose that in severely ill patients the SARS-CoV-2 virus expropriates an anomalous variant of clotting. This clotting variant produces a “bloodstream blizzard” of short-chain, soluble, fibrin molecules. If clotting continues, additional polymerization occurs and the molecular chains lengthen. With this lengthening fibrin becomes insoluble and microclots form. These microclots transiently or permanently occlude arterioles, venules and capillaries in widely separated regions throughout the body. The tissue supplied by these vessels dies. A 5-7 fold increase in circulating oligomeric fibrin typically presents about a week into severe Covid-19 pneumonia. If such patients are not immediately anticoagulated, whole body defibrination and death is the likely result.
Inhibition of Colorectal Cancer Cells HT-29 by Secretome and Extraction of Human Umbilical Cord Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cells
Authors: Jadid Mahdieh Farhoudi Sefidan , Emami Parisa , Goleij Pouya , Karamad Vahidreza , Khorrami Afshin , Jahangirzadeh Gholamreza , Moghadami Mona , Isazadeh Alireza , Hajazimian Saba 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and aim: Colorectal cancer (CC) is aggressive cancer and the major cause of death worldwide that need the development of novel and effective therapeutic methods. Recently suggested that the human Wharton’s jelly stem cells (hWJSCs) have an anti-proliferation activity against of several cancer cells through apoptosis induction. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of conditioned medium and cell lysate of human umbilical cord hWJSCs against the HT-29 cancer cell line and mechanisms of apoptosis induction.Methods: In this study, the hWJSCs conditioned medium and cell lysate were prepared from 10 human umbilical cord samples. The effects of hWJSCs conditioned medium and cell lysate were evaluated on the viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of HT-29 CC cell line. The expression of apoptosis related BAX, BCL2, SMAC, SURVIVIN, and Cas9 genes were evaluated in CC cells treated with hWJSCs conditioned medium and cell lysate.Results: We observed that conditioned medium and cell lysate of hWJSCs decrease CC cells viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, conditioned medium and cell lysate increased apoptosis rate of CC cells, which can be due to increase BAX, SMAC, and Cas9 genes, as well as decrease BCL2 and SURVIVIN genes.Conclusions: Our study suggest that conditioned medium and cell lysate of hWJSCs can inhibit CC cells through induction of apoptosis. However, further studies on are required to more accurate results.
Electronic versus Paper-based data collection for conducting health-care research: A cost-minimization analysis
Authors: Chaudhuri Sirshendu , Bagepally Bhavani Shankara , Bhar Ditipriya , Kumar S. Uday 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction- Containing expenditure and efficient resource use is essential to limit the increasing costs of health research. Electronic data collection (EDC) is thought to reduce the costs compared to paper-based data collection (PDC). Economic evidence in this area is scanty, especially in low and middle-income countries. Hence, an economic evaluation was conducted to compare the cost between EDC and PDCMethods- A cost-minimization study was conducted to compare between EDC and PDC from the institutional perspective for the year 2018, based on a community-based survey. Step-down cost accounting was adopted with a bottom-up approach for cost estimation. Total and unit costs were estimated with the base case comparison between EDC and PDC while using SPSS software (e-SPSS and p-SPSS, respectively). We conducted scenario analyses based on usage of different software, R and STATA for both EDC and PDC (e-R, p-R, e-STATA and p-STATA respectively). One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was performed to examine the robustness of the observed results. Results- In the base-case analysis, total costs of EDC and PDC were ₹72,617 ($1060.9) and 87,717 ($1281.5) respectively- with estimated cost minimization of ₹ 15,100 ($220.6). In other scenarios, the estimated cost minimization for e-R, e-STATA, p-R, p-STATA were ₹ -274 ($4.0), 98 ($1.4), 14826 ($216.6), and 15,002 ($219.2) respectively when compared to EDC-SPSS. On one-way and PSA, the results of the cost-minimization analysis were robust.Conclusion- The EDC minimizes institutional cost for conducting health research. This finding will help researchers in planning for the budget for their research to use the resources efficiently
Structure based virtual screening, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation of drug like small molecules against cell cycle regulator enzyme FtsZ of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Mohanty Partha Sarathi , Singh Roopendra , Pawar Nisha , Gogoi Chayanika , Sharma Sandeep , Pawar Harpreet Singh , Mohanty Keshar Kunja 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in several developing and low income countries. It warranted 1.2 million deaths around the world in 2019. An active Tb patient can spread a large number of bacilli to the environment by coughing, spitting, speaking and sneezing which in turn help in development of new Tb cases. Further development of drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to most powerful first line drugs viz., rifampicin and isoniazid put a hurdle in Tb elimination programme. Thus it is essential to explore new drug molecules to fight against Tb morbidity and mortality. In the present study an attempt has been made to screen new small drug like molecules using structure based molecular screening. 3D structure of cell cycle regulator enzyme FtsZ (PDB ID: 1RLU) was retrieved from the Protein Data Bank website and used it for structure-based virtual screening of drug like small molecules from PubChem database. The screened drugs were re-docked with FtsZ of M. tuberculosis to find out their affinity and antagonistic effect against M. tuberculosis. Molecular dynamics simulation studies were carried out for each of the docked complex to find out the stability and flexibility of the docked conformations. In silico ADME study was carried out to find out the drug likeliness of the selected molecules. A total of 1501 drug like small molecules were recovered through virtual screening of which three molecules, viz., Lig-24284406, Lig-49671233 and Lig-24791139 were taken for the docking study. It was observed that the selected drug molecules had a strong affinity towards the FtsZ. This was evident from the binding energy of the drug molecules towards FtsZ (-7.23, -9.67 and -5.51). The strong stability and flexibility of the docked structures were also evident from RMSD values i.e, < 2 Å and RMSF value i.e, > 1 Å for all the docking complexes. The present study suggested that three small drug like molecules could be taken for further clinical studies to find their efficacy against tuberculosis.
Detection and follow-up of chronic health conditions in Rio de Janeiro – the impact of residency training in family medicine
Authors: Jantsch Adelson , Burström Bo , Nilsson Gunnar , de Leon Antônio 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
There is a need for evidence that residency training in family medicine (RTFM) can benefit the care of patients in primary care in low- and middle-income countries. We tested the hypothesis that two years of RTFM enables doctors to better detect chronic health conditions (CHC) while requesting fewer laboratory exams and providing more follow-up visits. We performed a retrospective longitudinal observational analysis of medical consultations from 2013 to 2018 in primary care in Rio de Janeiro, comparing doctors without RTFM (Generalists) versus family physicians (FPs). Multivariate multilevel binomial regression models estimated the risks of patients being diagnosed for a list of 31 CHCs, having a follow-up visit for these CHCs, and having laboratory tests ordered from a list of 30 exams. 569.289 patients had 2.908.864 medical consultations performed by 734 generalists and 231 FPs. Patients seen by FPs were at a higher risk of being detected for most of the CHCs, at a lower risk of having any of the 30 LTs requested, and at higher risk of having a follow-up visit in primary care. RTFM can make physicians more skilled to work in primary care. Policymakers must prioritize investments in RTFM to make primary care truly comprehensive.
The impacts of Chinese drug volume-based procurement policy on the volume and expenditure of antibiotic drugs
Authors: Yang Ying , Chen Lei , Ke Xinfeng , Mao Zongfu , Zheng Bo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: In 2019, Chinese government implemented the first round of National Centralized Drug Procurement (NCDP) pilot (so-called "4+7" policy) in mainland China, in which an oral antibiotic agent (cefuroxime axetil) was included. Given the current condition of the irrational use of antibiotics in China, this study aims to evaluate the potential effect of the "4+7" policy on antibiotic use. Methods: This study used drug purchasing order data from the Centralized Drug Procurement Survey in Shenzhen 2019, covering 24 months from January 2018 to December 2019. Oral antibiotic drugs related to "4+7" policy were selected as study samples, including cefuroxime axetil and its alternative drugs. Segmented linear regression analysis with interrupted time series was adopted to examine the effect of "4+7" policy on the volume and expenditure of antibiotic drugs. Results: Compared with April to December 2018, the total volume and expenditures of cefuroxime axetil and its alternative antibiotic drugs from April to December 2019 increased 41.8% and 18.1%, respectively. The results of segmented linear regression showed that the volume of cefuroxime axetil products significantly increased 161.16 thousand DDDs after "4+7" policy (95% CI: 59.43 to 262.90, p-value = 0.004). For the alternative drugs of cefuroxime axetil, the volume and expenditures significantly increased 273.65 thousand DDDs (95% CI: 90.17 to 457.12, p-value = 0.006) and 3471.66 thousand RMB (95% CI: 1529.70 to 5413.62, p-value = 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that the implementation of "4+7" volume-based procurement policy was associated with significant increases in the volume and expenditure of cefuroxime axetil and its alternative drugs. The increase in antibiotic use after the policy needs special attention and vigilance.