bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERBANDINGAN GAYA DALAM STRUKTUR STATIS TERTENTU MENGGUNAKAN METODE MANUAL DAN PROGRAM (SAP 2000)
Authors: Deshariyanto Dwi , Rahmanto Ach. Desmantri 
Published: September 2021

Kemajuan teknologi sangatlah cepat dan penting untuk diperhatikan, di era industri 4.0 dintandai dengan pemanfaatan informasi dipergunakan untuk mendapatkan efesiensi dan kualitas yang lebih baik dibidang konstruksi. Penyelesaian analisis struktur dilakukan dengan cara manual dan dengan perkembangan dan kemajuan teknologi penyelesaian tersebut dapat juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan program. Era industri 4.0 sumber daya manusia dituntut menganalisis struktur khususnya struktur statis tertentu dapat dipertanggung jawabkan namun memiliki nilai efisiensi dan kualitas. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui analisis, besar, perbedaan dan besar selisih gaya-gaya dalam struktur statis tertentu menggunakan cara manual dan program.
Rancangan penelitian ini dibatasi beberapa contoh kasus struktur statis tertentu yang meliputi gelagar bersendi banyak, portal tiga sendi, pelengkung tiga sendi, pelengkung tiga sendi dengan batang tarik, struktur gabungan, struktur balok bertulang, jembatan gantung dan garis pengaruh. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis frekuensi untuk menggambarkan data reaksi dan gaya – gaya dalam yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Analisis uji t untuk mencari perbedaan antara perhitungan reaksi dan gaya – gaya dalam dengan metode manual dengan program.
Penyelesaian struktur statis tertentu dengan menggunakan metode manual dengan program menghasilkan adanya perbedaan besaran reaksi dan gaya dalam, perbedaan tersebut disebabkan adanya perbedaan tingkat ketelitian dan cara penyelesaian, sedangkan adanya perbedaan tanda gaya pada reaksi dan gaya dalam disebabkan cara penggambaran diagram gaya dalam yang berbeda. Reaksi, gaya normal, gaya lintang dan momen menggunakan manual dengan program dengan menggunakan uji t menghasilkan reaksi, gaya normal, gaya lintang dan momen mempunyai varian yang sama dan tidak ada perbedaan antara rata-rata besar gaya yang dihasilkan.
Relação Entre o Tipo de Acidente Vascular Cerebral Isquémico e o Grau de Disfagia, Pneumonia de Aspiração e Mortalidade: A Experiência de 3 Anos de uma Unidade de AVC Portuguesa
Authors: Moutinho Adelaide , Vilabril Filipa , Jesus Rafael , Gamboa Cunha Rita , Koch Jamal Sheila , Meleiro Lisboa Marta , Tavares Sandra , Veiga Andreia 
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A pneumonia de aspiração é uma complicação grave do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), estando relacionada com a sua gravidade e comprometimento funcional, e aumentando a mortalidade, tempos de hospitalização e custos em saúde. O objetivo deste estudo é relacionar a pneumonia de aspiração com o tipo e gravidade do AVC isquémico e respetivas consequências e desfechos.
Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo que analisou 1116 doentes admitidos numa Unidade de AVC de Portugal admitidos entre 2017 e 2019, selecionando e caracterizando os de etiologia isquémica, de acordo com a classificação de Bamford. O estado funcional foi quantificado pela escala modificada de Rankin e pela de Barthel, a gravidade do AVC pela escala do National Institutes of Health, e a disfagia pelo Gugging Swallowing Screen. Estas escalas foram determinadas à admissão e à alta. A pneumonia de aspiração foi identificada com base em critérios clínicos, laboratoriais e radiológicos.
Resultados: População de 937 indivíduos com predomínio masculino (51,5%) e idade média 75,6 anos. Pneumonia de aspiração presente em 19,5%. Enfartes totais da circulação anterior com maior prevalência de pneumonia de aspiração (74,3%). Estados funcionais, gravidade do AVC e grau de disfagia foram piores no grupo com pneumonia de aspiração. Taxa de mortalidade global de 11,6%, com demora média 11,0 dias, sendo significativamente mais altas no grupo com pneumonia de aspiração (40,4% e 13,8 dias, respetivamente).
Discussão/Conclusão: A pneumonia de aspiração está relacionada com a gravidade do AVC, estado funcional e grau de disfagia, comportando taxas de mortalidade e demoras médias mais altas.
Foreign Migrants Trespassing in Sabah Forest Reserves: A Legal Discourse
Authors: Rahim Rohani Abdul , Ahmad Tajuddin Muhammad Afiq , Intung Rovina , Landa Azizah , Makanah Herlina 
Published: September 2021

According to Sabah Forestry Enactment 1968, Yang di-Pertua Negeri Sabah is given the power to reserves forests for various purposes including commercial, protection, domestic and others. Sabah Forestry Department is entrusted with proper and efficient planning, and implementation of State forest resources management (SFM) to comply with the sustainable forest principles. It achieves to manage forest resources towards sustainable and profitable forest governance. However, Sabah forest reserves were threatened by illegal trespassing by foreign migrants to possess forest produce unlawfully and to occupy State land illegally. This article aims to expose the causes of the invasion of forest reserves by foreign migrants, the offences committed by foreign migrant activities in the forest reserves, violation of specific legislation such as the Immigration Act 1959/63 and the Forest Enactment 1968. The qualitative legal research methodology was used to understand the issues at hand, the existing applicable laws and the legal implications for such illegal activities in these forest reserves. Secondary data found in the legislation, journals, annual report, and law publication were collected, reviewed, analysed, and discussed to understand its legal implications better. Thus, efforts to expose these illegal activities by foreign migrants is essential to ensure Sabah Forest Reserves can continuously be maintained and not destroyed at the hand of illegal foreign trespassers. Employers should also be made responsible for their involvement in trafficked or smuggled illegal migrants as workers and simultaneously, conduct illegal activities to deceit the State Forestry efforts and developmental planning in Sabah.
STRATEGI ADAPTASI NELAYAN MENGHADAPI DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM
Authors: Maurizka Intan Shafa , Soeryo Adiwibowo  
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis strategi adaptasi nelayan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang dikombinasikan dengan wawancara mendalam kepada sejumlah tokoh. Sejumlah 30 responden ditetapkan sebagai responden dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, sejak tahun 2015 rumah tangga nelayan mengalami dampak dari perubahan iklim berupa kenaikan muka air laut, banjir rob, dan perubahan cuaca. Tahun 2020 kenaikan muka air laut telah menggenangi rumah warga dan fasilitas umum sepanjang hari. Sebanyak 22 dari 30 responden melakukan adaptasi dengan cara meningkatkan tinggi lantai atau dinding rumah (73 persen). Kedua, sejumlah 29 dari 30 responden (97 persen) tidak mengubah strategi nafkah, lokasi dan periode penangkapan ikan, maupun alat tangkap ikan. Adaptasi nelayan Desa Pecakaran terhadap banjir rob masih sebatas adaptasi fisik rumah.
Kata kunci: Perubahan iklim, dampak sosio-ekologis, strategi adaptasi
Keller-Box Scheme to Mixed Convection Flow Over a Solid Sphere with the Effect of MHD
Authors: Ghani Mohammad , Rumite Wayan 
Published: September 2021

Mixed convection is the combination of a free convection caused by the buoyancy forces due to the different density and a forced convection due to external forces that increase the heat exchange rate. This means that, in free convection, the effect of external forces is significant besides buoyancy forces. In this study the fluid type with viscoelastic effect is non-Newtonian. The viscoelastic fluids that pass over a surface of a sphere form a thin layer, which due to their dominant viscosity is called by the border layer. The obtained limiting layer is analyzed with the thickness of the boundary layer- near the lower stagnating point, then obtained dimensional boundary layer equations, continuity, momentum, and energy equations. These dimensional boundary layer equations are then transformed into non-dimensional boundary layer equations by using non-dimensional variables. Further, the non-dimensional boundary layer equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using stream function, so that obtained the non-similar boundary layer equations. These non-similar boundary layer equations are solved numerically by using finite difference method of Keller-Box. The discretization results are non-linear and it should be linearized using newton linearization technique. The numerical solutions are analyzed the effect of Prandtl number, viscoelastic, mixed convection, and MHD parameters towards velocity profile, temperature profile, and wall temperature.
Matter Density Distributions, Root-mean Square Radii and Elastic Electron Scattering Form Factors of Some Exotic Nuclei (17B, 11Li, 8He)
Authors: Rahi Shaimaa Ali , Flaiyh Gaith Naima 
Published: September 2021

The two-neutron halo-nuclei (17B, 11Li, 8He) was investigated using a two-body nucleon density distribution (2BNDD) with two frequency shell model (TFSM). The structure of valence two-neutron of 17B nucleus in a pure (1d5/2) state and in a pure (1p1/2) state for 11L and 8He nuclei. For our tested nucleus, an efficient (2BNDD's) operator for point nucleon system folded with two-body correlation operator's functions was used to investigate nuclear matter density distributions, root-mean square (rms) radii, and elastic electron scattering form factors. In the nucleon-nucleon forces the correlation took account of the effect for the strong tensor force (TC's). The wave functions of single particle harmonic oscillator are used with two different oscillator size parameters βc and βv, where the former is for the core (inner) orbits and the latter is for the valence (halo) orbits. The measured matter density distributions of these nuclei clearly showed long tail results. To investigate elastic electron scattering form factors the plane wave born approximation (PWBA) with two body nucleon density distribution (2BNDD's) was use.
An alternative approach for construction of strata using quantified sensitivity level
Authors: Agegnehu Dejen , Mahajan P. K. , Gupta R. K. 
Published: September 2021

The study is investigated on an alternative method for the construction of strata using sensitivity level when the samples are selected with simple random sampling with replacement (SRSWR) and the data are collected by scrambled optional randomization technique on the sensitive characters. Thus, the optional randomized response model , where k is a random variable having value 1 if the response is scrambled and 0 otherwise, was considered for finding out Approximate Optimum Strata Boundaries by minimizing the variance of the estimator . The cum. was proposed for finding out Approximate Optimum Strata Boundary in Neyman allocation for the optional scrambled response. This is applicable for wider classes of sampling design and estimators in stratification. The proposed rule on optional scrambled randomized response is efficient and can be used effectively for the construction of optimum strata boundary via Rectangular, Right triangular and Exponential distribution.
Relationship between macrobenthos and abiotic characteristics of river Alaknanda in a stretch from Chamoli to Devprayag in Garhwal Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Tomar Garima , Malik D. S. , Jain C. K. 
Published: September 2021

Macrobenthos is the best water quality indicator for ecosystem health assessment. The present study aimed to examine the interrelationship between macrobenthos and different water quality parameters of the river Alaknanda at Garhwal Himalaya. Four demarcated sampling zones viz. zone-A (Chamoli to Nandprayag), zone-B (Karanprayag to Rudraprayag), zone-C (Rudraprayag to Srinagar) and zone-D (Srinagar to Devprayag) were taken from its approximately 170 km long stretch during 2016-2018. River water characteristics were analyzed for the important parameters viz. substratum, water temperature (WT), water velocity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) using standard methods. The results indicated that the river water velocity was the highest 1.02 m/s at zone-C, TDS of 114.19 mgl-1 was maximum at zone-A ; and Ca and Mg were recorded highest 23.17 mgl-1 and 5.44 mgl-1 at zone-A and zone-B, respectively. All abiotic parameters (pH, EC, TDS, DO, Ca and Mg) were recorded to be below BIS/WHO limits. A total of 27 macrobenthos taxa belonging to the five orders such as Coleoptera (6 ind./m2), Diptera (5 ind./m2), Ephemeroptera (8 ind./m2), Hemiptera (4 ind./m2), and Odonata (4 ind./m2) were recorded. Macrobenthos represented an important relationship between the water current and water temperature. The lowest number was reported at zone-C due to the river's high water velocity (1.02 m/s). The changes like biota loss, presence of some pollution indicator species (Cloeon sp., Bateis sp., Emphemera sp.) at zone-C, in sediment structure of habitat were due to the anthropogenic activities on the riverbank of different zones. The study will help in the conservation of macrobenthos diversity of the river Alaknanda.
Mapping of the urban tree population in gardens of Ulhasnagar, District Thane, Maharashtra using Geographic information system (GIS)
Authors: Menon Geetha , Gharge Shital 
Published: September 2021

Urban trees today are a crucial component that defines the healthy and liveable environment of a city. A city’s database includes streets, building, footprints, overhead and underground utilities, workforce areas, pest/disease quarantine zones, parks, and pending development areas in addition to the tree database such as tree location, species, diameter at breast height (DBH), and canopy width. The present study aimed at mapping the tree population of some selected gardens and parks in Ulhasnagar using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). GIS is an integrated system of computer hardware, software, data and trained personnel for analyzing and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information. GIS-based map shows the location for each tree species found in the selected 12 gardens of Ulhasnagar. Green colour represents dense green canopy represented by the above-ground biomass, and yellow represents moderate, while red indicates scarce or limited above-ground biomass. The green colour actually represents the volume of biomass and not the density or the number of trees and shows the concentration of carbon pools in the study area. Updating data in GIS is much more cost-efficient and less time consuming than having to redraw maps manually. Urban foresters and urban planners can work together using GIS for better management of this resource. This study is one of the pioneering footsteps towards appreciative resources and thus enabling the researchers in developing an appropriate management strategy. The data will help us to analyze and interpret better and eventually conceptualize the above-ground biomass in the entire area of gardens.
Use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model for research in toxicological studies
Authors: Singh Kalpana , Kashyap Satyendra Kumar , Garg Vandana 
Published: September 2021

Danio rerio, commonly known as zebrafish, is a freshwater aquarium fish and is native to parts of South Asia. It is considered an important organism for analyzing the noxious effects of toxicants and pollutants of the environment. In terms of the molecular signaling pathway, molecular properties, organ functions and structures, and neurogenesis, zebrafish are similar to certain other higher-order vertebrates. The 3Rs, refinement,reduction, and replacement in researchhavegradually evolved with time. The accumulation of toxicants in the environment and the human health conditions from exposure to toxicants present in the environment is a serious concern, and zebrafish serves as an excellent model to research such effects. The three Rs are met by zebrafish, larvae can also be used to discover harmful medication compounds, permitting safer compounds to be explored in model organisms and it could also be used to substitute certain toxicological testing.Also, because embryos are fertilized outside and are visible during the initial days of life, the early larval model of zebrafish enables flexibility to animal research study, subsequently reducing the number of animals employed in experiments.For various experimentation studies, the larva of the zebrafish is proved to be a useful model for the system.Thus, being a good test system, zebrafish are used in environmental health and safety studies.This review focuses on the toxicological studiesin zebrafish and outlines the toxicological studies done on zebrafish with arsenic and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) as well as microplastic toxicity.
First record of Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) (Octopodidae) in the Iraqi coastal waters, NW Arabian Gulf
Authors: Al-Maliky Anwar M.J. , Al-Khafaji Khaled Kh. , Al-Maliky Tariq H. 
Published: September 2021

The present study identifies one species of the genus Octopus in the order: Octopoda (Cephalopoda: Mollusca), recorded forthe first time in the Iraqi coastal waters and Arabian-Persian Gulf. The study extended from January 2019 to December of thesame year. The Octopus specimens were seasonally obtained from the fishing trawlers operating in the Iraqi coastal waters inthe South of Al- Fao District, Basrah- Iraq, NW Arabian Gulf. The Octopus was identified as O. vulgaris in Iraqi coastal watersdepending on morphological features. The habitats of living specimens are briefly described. Some observations were reported on the occurrence of this species and the measurement of some environmental factors. The species was identified up to spe-cies level using standard literature. This species looks similar morphologically to the species which is already identified from the other areas around the world. The present study records significant expansion in the distribution range of this species.
Therapeutic effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds extract against arsenic induced toxicity in Charles Foster rats
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Akhouri Vivek , Singh Sushil Kumar , Kumar Arun 
Published: September 2021

The prime objective of the present study was to establish fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds extract as an antidote against arsenic induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats. The male Charles Foster rats (weighing 160-180 g) were selected to make arsenic intoxicated model. The arsenic treated group of rats were orally treated with sodium arsenite at the dose of 8 mg/kg body weight/day for 90 days. Thereafter, the arsenic pretreated rats were further administered with fenugreek ethanolic seeds extract at the dose of 250 mg/kg body weight/day for 90 days. After the completion of the treatment, animals of all the groups were sacrificed for the biochemical and histopathological estimation. The arsenic treated rats showed significant (p < 0.0001) alterations at the various hepatic and renal biomarker parameters and at serum MDA levels in comparison to the control rats. Significant (p < 0.0001) arsenic accumulation was also observed in the blood, liver and kidney tissues of the arsenic treated rats. However, after the administration with fenugreek seeds extract, significant (p < 0.0001) restoration was observed in the liver and kidney biomarker parameters and at haematological variables. Fenugreek seeds extract administration also significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced the serum MDA levels and arsenic concentration levels in blood, liver and kidney tissues, along with considerable restorations at the cellular architecture of liver and kidney tissues. The study concluded that fenugreek seeds possessed potential hepato-renal ameliorative effect against sodium arsenite induced toxicity in rats, and can be used for its therapeutic value against arsenic poisoning.
EFFECTIVENESS IN HUMANS OF
Authors: Angulo Orlando , Restrepo Hector Fabio , León Higuera José Gabriel , Leon Garcia Mario , Mendive Fernando , Politi Matteo 
Published: September 2021

Background:

Since the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic emerged in December 2019, it has triggered 4.4 million deaths and strained health systems across the world. Yet more than a year and a half since the pandemic emerged, therapeutic drugs to treat COVID-19 disease are limited.

Objective

To investigate the therapeutic potential of a nicotinic Cholinergic Agonists Mixture (CAM), delivered daily as oral drops and as nasal spray, in alleviating ten common COVID-19 related symptoms in 80 symptomatic human adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2.

Methods

This randomized open-label pilot trial recruited 80 symptomatic adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection after RT-PCR+ test less than five days. Participants were recruited from databases of several Colombian hospitals and were randomly assigned to the control group, which received the Standard of Care (SOC) treatment (outpatient treatment), or the intervention group, which received SOC combined with the Cholinergic Agent Mixture (CAM + SOC). Both groups received their treatment for a total of 14 days. The duration of symptoms was compared across the 14-day period.

Results:

This study found statistically significant reductions in symptom duration for 5 out of 10 symptoms, including dyspnea (reduction of 4.43 days [95% CI: 2.70 ; 6.15], p <0.0001), cough (reduction of 3.18 days [95% CI: 1.29 ; 5.06], p=0.0089), cephalea (reduction of 3.13 days [95% CI: 1.53 ; 4.72], p= 0.0019), muscle fatigue (reduction of 4.18 days [95% CI: 2.03 ; 6.32], p=0.0019) and general malaise (reduction of 5.98 days [95% CI: 4.20 ; 7.76], p <0.0001).The study found no significant reductions in the duration of the following symptoms: fever, ageusia, anosmia, chest tightness, and nasal congestion.

Conclusion:

In comparison to the control group, the intervention group witnessed statistically significant and clinically relevant reductions in the duration of 5 out of 10 common COVID-19 disease symptoms within two weeks.

This includes a reduction of approximately 4.4 days in the duration of dyspnea, a symptom that appears to be strongly correlated to severe COVID-19 disease and admission to Intensive Care Units.

Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary findings and to evaluate whether this specific nicotinic cholinergic agonists mixture could have implications for public health.