bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Recycled High Density Polyethylene and Recycled Natural Rubber
Authors: Fazli A. , Rodrigue D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) are produced by melt mixing of recycled high-density polyethylene (RHD) with two types of off-the-road (OTR) ground tire rubber (GTR). Non-regenerated (NR) and regenerated (RR) rubbers are used to investigate the effect of GTR concentration and regeneration on the blends properties containing up to 90 wt.% GTR. The blend morphology is studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to show incompatibility and low interfacial adhesion between RHD and GTR (NR and RR) especially above 40 wt.% RR. This behavior is attributed to the GTR regeneration process and agglomeration of RR particles with lower surface area and affinity toward RHD compared with NR. In all the compounds, the mechanical properties in tension of RR blends were lower than for NR blends, which is attributed to the degradation of the GTR backbone chains lowering the molecular weight (MW) during the regeneration process. Also, NR has a more important effect on impact strength improvement due to its higher crosslinked structure making the particles more deformable/elastic to absorb the mechanical energy before crack initiation. The experimental results also show that 80 wt.% GTR is the optimum concentration for the production of low cost and eco-friendly TPE based on recycled materials.
Multilevel Analysis of Strain Rate Effect on Visco-Damage Evolution in Short Random Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: Boudiaf M. D. D. , Hemmouche L. , Louar M. A. , May A. , Mesrati N. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, the strain rate sensitivity of a discontinuous short fiber reinforced composite and the strain rate effect on the damage evolution are investigated. The studied material is a polymeric composite with a polyamide 6.6 matrix reinforced with oriented randomly short glass fibers at a 50% weigh ratio (PA6.6GF50). Tensile tests at low and high strain rate are conducted. In addition, interrupted tensile tests are carried out to quantify the damage at specific stress levels and strain rates. To perform the interrupted tensile tests, an intermediate fixture is realized via double notched mechanical fuses with different widths designed to break at suitable stress levels. The damage is estimated by the fraction of debonded fibers and matrix fractures. Based on the experimental observations, it is concluded that the ultimate stress and strain, and the damage threshold are mainly governed by the strain rate. Furthermore, it is established that the considered composite has a non-linear dynamic behavior with a viscous damage nature.
Free space optics communication channel with amplitude/frequency shift keying modulation technique based raised cosine line coding
Authors: Eid Mahmoud M.A. , Sorathiya Vishal , Lavadiya Sunil , Abd El-Aziz Ismail A. , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The objective of the study is to simulate frequency shift keying (FSK)/amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation schemes with raised cosine line coding based free space optics channel in clear weather conditions. The max. Q and optical signal/noise ratio (OSNR) with FSO channel length variations are simulated for the previous and proposed models at DRs of 10 Gbps, and also the max. Q factor with data rate (DR) variations is demonstrated for the previous and proposed models at 10 km FSO channel length. Max. Q, min. BER, signal power (SP), noise power, and total optical power (TOP) based FSK and ASK modulation schemes are illustrated through APD receiver with FSO channel length of 10 km.
A fatal rabies case and experiences of a mass post exposure prophylaxis among healthcare workers
Authors: Sener Alper , Akman Canan , Akca Anil , Varisli Behcet 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe aimed to monitor the adverse effects (AE) and efficacy of post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in health care workers (HCWs) exposed to a rabies patient. In this study 109 HCWs and eight household contacts were PEP candidates. Contact persons without infection control precautions were in Group I (high risk-82 cases). HCWs indirectly exposed to environmental surfaces were classified in Group II (low risk-35 cases). PEP schedule was rabies vaccine (RBV) + equine rabies immunoglobulin (eRIG) in Group I and only RBV in Group II. Local and systemic AE were observed in all cases. Efficacy of post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) was determined by rabies development in a six month follow-up. 585 doses of RBV have been used in 117 cases and eRIG has been used in 82 cases. 32 Nurses (39%); 22 emergency medicine technicians (26.8%); 12 doctors (14%); six laboratory technicians (0.07%); six radiology technicians (0.07%); four cleaners (0.05%) were in Group I (82 cases), respectively. One doctor, laboratory technician, nurse and radiology technician (0.02%); two emergency medicine technicians (0.04%) and nine cleaners (25.7%) were in Group II (35 cases), respectively. Routes of transmission were blood in five (0.06%); saliva in 14 (17%); sweat in 50 (61%); CSF/serum in five (0.06%); sexual intercourse in one (0.01%); personal equipment in seven (0.09%) in Group I, respectively. Indirect contact was the only route in Group II. The most common local and systemic AE were seen in Group I; pain at injection side (19 cases) and fever (13 cases). Both of them showed statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Allergic rash has been seen at only one case. PEP failed in one case where the possible exposure way was sexual intercourse. PEP is the safest way to prevent rabies. Infection control precautions were still not enough applied. eRIGs are also safe and have rare AE.
A review of pharmacokinetic drug interactions between antimicrobial and antiseizure medications in children
Authors: Zaccara Gaetano , Lattanzi Simona 
Published: May 2021

AbstractComorbidity between epilepsy and infectious diseases in children is frequent. Pharmacokinetic drug‐drug interactions (DDIs) between antiseizure medications (ASMs) and anti‐infectives can occur and influence their efficacy or cause toxicity. All potential DDIs between ASMs and antimicrobial agents used in children were identified through consultation of drug compendia. Clinical studies, case reports and summaries of product characteristics of all identified drugs were also searched. A typical example of a DDI that is often observed in children is that involving valproate (VPA) and carbapenem antibiotics. This DDI has a unique mechanism of action (inhibits the enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of VPA‐glucuronide) and leads to a fall of around 60% of VPA level, associated with seizure recurrence. An example of bidirectional DDI involves the antimycotic voriconzole and several ASMs. Voriconazole is metabolized and is a strong inhibitor of cytochrome (CYP)3A4, CYP2C9/10 and CYP2C19. There is clinical evidence of induction of voriconazole metabolism with possible loss of its efficacy by phenytoin (PHT), while voriconazole increases the levels of PHT. Other ASMs that are inducers of these enzymes, such as carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital, stiripentol and to a lesser degree, oxcarbazepine, might be predicted to decrease the level of voriconazole. Voriconazole might also be predicted to increase levels of cannabidiol, CBZ, lacosamide, midazolam, and zonisamide. DDIs between ASMs and some antiviral agents are potentially even more frequent and clinically relevant.
Vitamin D deficiency in a Portuguese epilepsy cohort: who is at risk and how to treat*
Authors: Cunha Inês Antunes , Saraiva Ana MR. , Lopes Pedro , Jesus‐Ribeiro Joana , Duarte Cátia , Leitão Fátima , Sales Francisco , Santana Isabel , Bento Conceição 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective. The epilepsy‐related risk factors for vitamin D deficiency, particularly the use of enzyme‐inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAEDs), and how to treat vitamin D deficiency in patients with epilepsy remain unclear. Our aims were to explore risk factors and the influence of EAIEDs in vitamin D status and to determine the efficacy of a daily dose of oral cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) in epileptic patients with vitamin D deficiency.Methods. Clinical data were collected and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum levels were measured. All patients with vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D .20 ng/mL) or insufficiency (25(OH)D from 21‐29 ng/mL) were treated with 6,670 IU/day cholecalciferol for eight weeks and 25(OH)D was then remeasured. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed.Results. A total of 92 patients (44.6% males), with mean age of 41.0±14.8 years, were included. Measurements of 25(OH)D revealed that 79.3% patients had abnormal levels: 56.5% were vitamin D deficient and 22.8% were vitamin D insufficient. The statistically significant risk factors for vitamin D deficiency identified were: number of AEDs, treatment with EIAEDs, low sun exposure, high body mass index (BMI) and a high frequency of epileptic seizures. After treatment, 25(OH)D mean level increased by 98.99% (regardless of EIAED use or being overweight).Significance. In our sample, more than half of the adults with epilepsy showed 25(OH) D deficiency. Patients on EIAEDs had lower 25(OH)D levels. A daily dose of 6,670 IU cholecalciferol successfully led to the correction of 25(OH)D levels. A higher dose in obese patients or in patients taking EIAEDs may not be warranted and this should be considered in future guidelines for routine vitamin D deficiency treatment.
Chapeau de gendarme in a toddler points to focal epilepsy originating from the subcentral gyrus
Authors: Rüsch Christina T. , Bölsterli Bigna K. , Carosio Carlotta , Ramantani Georgia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe chapeau de gendarme sign or ictal pouting has been associated with focal epilepsy of frontal origin. The identification and characterization of this semiologic feature derive mainly from adult epilepsy surgery series, whereas paediatric cases have rarely been reported. Here, we present a 14‐month‐old girl with a chapeau de gendarme sign with eyes closed as the sole initial manifestation of left frontal lobe epilepsy. Brain MRI revealed an area suspicious for focal cortical dysplasia in the anterior aspect of the left subcentral gyrus, and ictal scalp EEG supported a seizure onset correlating with the lesion. This is the youngest reported patient with a chapeau de gendarme sign and the first to be associated with a lesion in the subcentral gyrus. Our observation extends the age range of patients presenting with this intriguing semiology and the range of localizations where it may originate. We propose considering the chapeau de gendarme sign as a hallmark of focal epilepsy in all age groups, including early life, and that presurgical evaluation should be timely initiated in patients with refractory seizures. [Published with video sequence].
Вклад курения в смертность в России в 2019 году
Authors: Халтурина Дарья Андреевна , Замятнина Елена Сергеевна , Зубкова Татьяна Сергеевна 
Published: May 2021

Потребление табака является фактором риска преждевременной смертности. В данной работе представлены расчеты вклада курения в смертность в России в 2019 г. по 27 причинам смерти для курильщиков и бывших курильщиков по полу и 5-летним возрастным группам.
Был произведен расчет доли курящих россиян по полу и возрасту, а также доли бывших курильщиков, бросивших курить 10 и менее лет назад, по данным РМЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ. Причины смерти, связанные с курением в настоящем и в прошлом, а также значения относительных рисков для ассоциированных с курением причин смерти, использованные для расчетов, были выбраны на основе систематических обзоров и когортных исследований. Расчет вклада курения в настоящем и прошлом (для бросивших курить 10 и менее лет назад) для каждой причины смерти по полу и 5-летним возрастным группам был произведен по формуле популяционной атрибутивной фракции (ПАФ) в многоуровневой форме. Данные Росстата по числу смертей, ассоциированных с курением в России, по причинам смерти, полу и 5-летним возрастным группам на 2019 г. были взяты из базы данных ФГБУ «ЦНИИОИЗ» Минздрава России.
По нашим расчетам смертность, ассоциированная с курением, в России в 2019 г. составила более 266 тыс. смертей, в том числе 226 тыс. среди мужчин и 40 тыс. среди женщин. На долю смертей от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний пришлось 58%.
Эти расчеты позволяют оценить структуру смертности, ассоциированной с курением, по причинам смерти, полу и возрасту в современной России, задать ориентир для формирования политики в сфере борьбы против табака.
Estrés e inteligencia emocional en personas adultas durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 en Tacna 2020
Authors: Torres Ramos Luisa Elizabeth , Mamani Vargas Romy Dennis 
Published: May 2021

El estrés es una reacción normal en la conducta del ser humano, y la inteligencia emocional (IE) desempeña un papel fundamental para que éste tenga éxito, ambos son atribuibles a factores psicosociales, sin embargo, debido a la situación que actualmente vivimos en nuestra sociedad por la pandemia COVID-19, surge la necesidad de estudiar ambas variables, estrés e IE, siendo la relación entre ambas aun poco exploradas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la relación que existe entre el estrés y la inteligencia emocional en habitantes de la ciudad de Tacna, en una muestra de 154 participantes voluntarios de ambos sexos. El diseño del estudio es no experimental, de corte transversal y de tipo correlacional. Para medir la variable estrés se utilizó el instrumento DASS-21 de dos dimensiones (ansiedad y estrés) y para medir la variable inteligencia emocional se utilizó el instrumento escala TMMS el cual incluye tres dimensiones (percepción, comprensión y regulación). Los resultados obtenidos indican que hay relación significativa entre las dos dimensiones de la variable estrés y las dimensiones percepción, comprensión y regulación de la variable IE.
La resiliencia como herramienta de cambio para alcanzar la felicidad en adolescentes de Lima Norte
Authors: Angeles Donayre Mariuccia Maisy , Manrique Tapia César Raúl 
Published: May 2021

RESUMEN
El objetivo del estudio fue describir los niveles de resiliencia en adolescentes según sexo y edad cronológica. El diseño fue no experimental, transversal; de tipo cuantitativo descriptivo. Participaron 515 adolescentes de 10 a 12 años de edad. El instrumento utilizado fue el Inventario de Factores Personales de Resiliencia de Salgado. Los resultados a nivel general y en cuanto a edad y sexo, el nivel predomínate fue el promedio, seguido del nivel alto. Esto implica que en los adolescentes evaluados la resiliencia está en plena formación, la cual sería una herramienta de cambio ante situaciones adversas futuras que ellos pudieran experimentar. Por tanto, se debe trabajar mucho más en estas edades para que esta capacidad pueda mejorar en lo cognitivo y en lo emocional y así llegar a mejorar otros aspectos de su vida, incluida la felicidad.
El cooperativismo de trabajo visto desde la perspectiva obrera: apuntes para una nueva ley de cooperativismo de trabajo asociado en Puerto Rico
Authors: Colón Morales Rubén 
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo persigue identificar las deficiencias presentes en la legislación puertorriqueña sobre cooperativismo de trabajo, y proponer aquellos cambios necesarios para hacerla capaz de promover cabalmente el desarrollo de cooperativas de trabajo asociado (CTA) como una alternativa a los problemas que implica el ordenamiento económico capitalista prevaleciente para la persona obrera. Ello, a partir del análisis e identificación de aquellos elementos inherentes al sistema de trabajo capitalista que deben de ser superados como producto de cualquier legislación que verdaderamente se proponga fomentar la asociación libre y democrática de trabajadores en empresas productivas gestionadas por éstos, superando la condición de trabajadores asalariados.
Recibido: 07 noviembre 2020Aceptado: 06 abril 2021
Stepped Augmented Glenoid Component in Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for B2 and B3 Glenoid Pathology
Authors: Iannotti Joseph P. , Jun Bong-Jae , Derwin Kathleen A. , Ricchetti Eric T. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Posterior glenoid bone loss is commonly associated with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Surgical management of bone loss in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) remains controversial. We studied the use of a stepped augmented glenoid component for management of Walch B2 and B3 glenoids and compared the radiographic and clinical outcomes at short-term follow-up with those achieved with a non-augmented component of the same design in Walch A1 glenoids.

Methods:
Ninety-two patients (42 A1, 29 B2, and 21 B3 glenoids) were prospectively followed after aTSA. Sequential 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) imaging was performed preoperatively, within 3 months postoperatively with metal artifact reduction (MAR) to define implant position, and at a minimum of 2 years postoperatively with MAR. Scapular 3D registration with implant registration allowed 3D measurement of glenoid implant position, implant shift, and central peg osteolysis (CPO).

Results:
CPO with or without implant shift occurred in a higher percentage of B3 glenoids treated with the augmented glenoid component (29%) than A1 glenoids treated with a standard component (5%) (p = 0.028). There was no significant difference in the frequency of CPO between B2 glenoids with the augmented component (10%) and A1 glenoids with the standard component. There was no difference in postoperative glenoid component version and inclination between groups. B3 glenoids were associated with more component medialization relative to the premorbid joint line compared with A1 and B2 glenoids (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
A stepped augmented glenoid component can restore premorbid glenoid anatomy in patients with asymmetric biconcave glenoid bone loss (Walch B2), with short-term clinical and radiographic results equivalent to those for patients without glenoid bone loss (Walch A1) treated with a non-augmented component. There is a greater risk of CPO in patients with moderate-to-severe B3 glenoid pathology with this stepped augmented glenoid component. Longer follow-up will help define the clinical implications of CPO over time.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Press Ganey Surveys in Patients Undergoing Upper-Extremity Surgical Procedures
Authors: Weir Tristan B. , Zhang Tina , Jauregui Julio J. , Aneizi Ali , Schneider Matheus B. , Sajak Patrick M.J. , Gilotra Mohit N. , Abzug Joshua M. , Akabudike Ngozi M. , Henn R. Frank 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Patient satisfaction surveys are important measures of the patient experience that provide data for quality improvement. The purpose of this study was to establish the response rate and the factors associated with the completion of the Press Ganey (PG) Ambulatory Surgery Survey (PGAS) in patients who underwent ambulatory upper-extremity surgical procedures.

Methods:
A prospective orthopaedic registry at a single academic ambulatory surgical center was retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent an upper-extremity surgical procedure from 2015 to 2019. The institutional PG database was queried to determine the patients who completed the PGAS postoperatively. The response rate was calculated, and baseline characteristics and patient-reported outcome measures were compared between responders and nonresponders.

Results:
Of the 1,489 patients included, 201 (13.5%) were responders and 1,288 (86.5%) were nonresponders. Differences existed in baseline characteristics between groups, with responders being significantly older (p = 0.004) and having significantly higher proportions of White race (p < 0.001), college education (p = 0.011), employment (p = 0.005), marriage (p = 0.006), and higher income earners (p < 0.001). Responders had significantly better baseline Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scores across multiple domains (p < 0.05), but these differences were not clinically meaningful.

Conclusions:
PGAS response rates were low (13.5%), and differences between responders and nonresponders may be utilized by hospitals to target feedback from underrepresented patient populations. Surgeons, policymakers, and health-care administrators should use caution with the interpretation of PGAS results because responders may not be representative of all patients.
Atraumatic Anterior Hip Dislocation as High Grade of Hip Instability
Authors: Arbeloa-Gutierrez Lucas , Arenas-Miquelez Antonio 
Published: May 2021

Case:
Fifty-year-old woman who presented an atraumatic anterior hip dislocation during a local traditional dance exhibition. The dislocation occurred during a dance step in which extreme hip position in extension and external rotation was held. After urgent closed reduction under general anesthesia, the patient underwent conservative management with a follow-up of 24 months. There were no further dislocation events or sequelae, with the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-12 scale score was 100 points at the end of follow-up.

Conclusions:
Atraumatic hip dislocation is the highest grade and exceptional presentation of hip instability and requires immediate treatment. Conservative treatment is satisfactory, although in case of recurrence or persistent residual symptoms, other treatments are warrant.
Correction of a Squeaky Knee After ACL Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Moran Jay , Kahan Joseph B. , Gardner Elizabeth 
Published: May 2021

Case:
We report a squeaking knee complication on weight-bearing and active flexion-extension because of a migrating nonabsorbable FiberWire suture in a 16-year-old boy who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Although not physically limiting, the noise caused psychological distress in our patient as a young adult. As the noise did not resolve with nonsurgical treatment, we performed arthroscopic surgical correction and removed loose FiberWire strands protruding from the femoral tunnel which completely eliminated the sound.

Conclusions:
Squeaking knee complications because of migrating nonabsorbable sutures post-ACL reconstruction surgery do not heal with time and can be corrected surgically.