bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of monsoon circulation and cyclones with different types of orography
Authors: ABRAHAM K. ROY , DASH S. K. , MOHANTY U. C. 
Published: December 2021

In this study a number of sensitivity experiments have been conducted with different types of orography in the ECMWF spectral General Circulation Model (GCM). The basic aim is to simulate the large scale features of the Indian summer monsoon and the movement of cyclones. Different types of digital filters have been used to represent the orography as close to the observed values as possible. A comparative study shows that the Lanczos filter gives the best results. Thus, the Lanczos filter has been used in subsequent sensitivity experiments. One cyclone over the Bay of Bengal during pre-monsoon month of May, and another during the must active month of August have been selected for numerical experiments.
The large scale features of the monsoonal rainfall were found to be close to those observed, when standard deviation envelope orography was used. After 3 days of model integration, the rainfall distribution improved compared to the initial stages of integration. Although the predicted cyclone followed the observed track, the rate of movement was very sluggish. There was slight deepening of the systems with an increase of orography The movement of the systems was also found to be slightly faster with the enhancement of orography.
Water extraction pattern and transpirational losses of peach trees Under well-watered and drying cycles
Authors: SAMUI R.P. , FARLAND M.J. Mc , WORTHINGTON J.W. 
Published: December 2021

Mature peach trees [Prunus Persica (L.) Batsch] grown in weighing lysimeters were subjected to soil moisture stress by shutting off irrigation. Initially transpiration (T) was at potential rate when available soil moisture in the active root zone was near field capacity. Rapid changes in soil moisture under drying cycles caused gradual decrease in transpirational rate. When 0 to 60 cm soil layer reached permanent wilting point, there was a sharp decline in water use. Mature peach trees require barest minimum of 10 mm of water for their metabolic activity. A regression model has been developed to estimate transpirational loss of peach from available soil profile water.
Climatic impact on atmospheric turbidity at some Indian stations
Authors: SINGH DEVENDRA , MUKHOPADHYAY B. , SRIVASTAVA H. N. 
Published: December 2021

Data from four Indian BAPMoN stations in different climatic regions were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) for the evaluation of climatic impact upon turbidity. Spectral analysis (FFT) of the data for these stations has helped to bring out the sub-seasonal, seasonal and annual cycles. It is found that the atmospheric turbidity is predominantly controlled by climatic factors through surface fluxes, transport of dust or rain washout and is mainly a lower tropospheric phenomenon. The performance of the PCA regression model is found satisfactorily in reproducing the annual cycle and long period variations.
Deterministic methods for prediction of tropical cyclone tracks
Authors: MOHANTY U.C. , GUPTA AKHILESH 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT. The paper presents a state-of-art review of different objective techniques available for tropical cyclone track prediction. A brief description of current theories of tropical cyclone motion is given. Deterministic models with statistical and dynamical methods have been discussed. Recent advances in the understanding of cyclone structure and motion aspects have led to improved prediction of tropical cyclones. There has been considerable progress in the field of prediction by dynamical methods. High resolution Limited Area Models (LAM) as well as Global Circulation Models (GCM) are now being used extensively by most of the leading operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) centres in the world The major achievements towards improvement of such models have come from improved horizontal resolution of the models, inclusion of physical processes, use of synthetic and other non-conventional data in the data assimilation schemes and nudging method for initial matching of analysed cyclone centres with corresponding observations.
A brief description of further improvement in deterministic approach for prediction of tropical cyclone tracks is outlined.
Secondary convective rings in an intense asymmetric cyclone of the Bay or Bengal
Authors: GUPTA AKHILESH , MOHANTY U. C. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT. The severe cyclonic storm with a core of hurricane winds of 4-11 May 1990, which crossed the Indian east coast near Machilipatnarn (Andhra Pradesh), was one of the most intense cyclones in recent years over the Bay of Bengal region of the north Indian Ocean. The storm reported the minimum sea level pressure of 912 hPa, the lowest observed value for any cyclone in the region. The storm exhibited certain interesting structural characteristics. The most striking feature observed was the formation of secondary convective rings wrapped around the primary eyewall. These features were observed for nearly two days by four cyclone detection radars (CDR) located on the east coast of India. The paper presents an analysis of these features. We find that the double eye-wall structure of the storm has undergone a repetitive cycle characterized by the contraction of the outer eyewall and the weakening of the inner eyewall during the life of the cyclone. These interesting characteristics are observed for the first time in the north Indian Ocean for any cyclone. Some of the related aspects of double eyewall features, such as, the possible role of double eyewall structure on the recurvature or turning of the storm and the effect of land obstacle in the development of a secondary eyewall are discussed.
Comparison of Existing and New Total Knee Arthroplasty Implant Systems From the Same Manufacturer: A Prospective, Multicenter Study
Authors: Hamilton William G. , Brenkel Ivan J. , Barnett Steven L. , Allen Paul W. , Dwyer Kimberly A. , Lesko James P. , Kantor Stephen R. , Clatworthy Mark G. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
This study evaluated total knee arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes for an Existing-TKA versus New-TKA from the same manufacturer.

Methods:
TKA outcomes for 752 with Existing-TKA versus 1129 subjects with New-TKA were followed through 2 years using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Responders were assessed per Outcome Measures in Rheumatology-Osteoarthritis Research Society International criteria. Kaplan-Meier implant survivorship was estimated. Radiographs had an independent radiographic review.

Results:
Two-year follow-up was 84.6% (636/752) for Existing-TKA and 82.5% (931/1129) for New-TKA. Two-year PROMs mean outcomes for New-TKA versus Existing-TKA at 2 years were: Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (ADL: 89.0 versus 86.8, P = 0.005; pain: 88.9 versus 87.1, P = 0.019; symptoms: 84.1 versus 82.2, P = 0.017; Sport/Rec: 63.9 versus 58.8, P = 0.001; and QOL: 77.0 versus 73.5, P = 0.003), Patient's Knee Implant Performance (overall: 76.5 versus 73.5, P = 0.003; confidence: 8.4 versus 8.1, P = 0.004; stability: 8.6 versus 8.3, P = 0.006; satisfaction: 8.3 versus 8.1, P = 0.042; and modifying activities: 6.6 versus 6.4, P = 0.334), Oxford Knee Score (41.9 versus 41.1, P = 0.027), and EQ5D-3L (0.88 versus 0.88, P = 0.737). Two-year responder rates using WOMAC were 93.9% versus 90.6% (P = 0.018) for New-TKA versus Existing-TKA. Independent radiographic review showed that tibial and femoral radiolucencies ≥2 mm were similar (P ≥ 0.05) or favored New-TKA. Implant survivorship was similar between groups (log-rank P = 0.9994).

Discussion:
New-TKA versus Existing-TKA demonstrated slightly better PROMs with similar radiographic and implant survivorship outcomes.
Comparison of Efficacy of the Pap and H & E in Identifying the Various Changes in Liver Samples of High Fat Diet Induced Rat - In vitro Study
Authors: Sri E. Dhivya , Priyadharshini R. , Sinduja Palati , Meghashree V. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: High fat induced (HFI) liver is associated with a high calorie intake and many other diet-induced complications, such as metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. HFI is the most common chronic liver disease that develops due to high fat intake. A wide range of liver injuries is associated with HFI, ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. The signs and symptoms of metabolic syndrome may be induced in rats by feeding them a diet rich in carbohydrates and fat. The aim of the study is Comparison of efficacy of the PAP (Papanicolaou) stain and H&E (Hematoxylin and eosin) stain in identifying the various changes in liver samples of high fat diet induced rat.
Materials and Methods: Liver samples of Normal control group animal and High fat diet induced animal were sectioned, weighed fixed 10% neutral buffer formalin and mounted in DPX compound. Four micrometer sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and PAP stains for the histological examination of micro-vesicular and macro-vesicular steatosis in the liver tissue. The grading of steatosis was given from 0-3 based on the lipid accumulation (steatosis): grade 0 - absence; grade 1 - mild Steatosis (<30% hepatocyte); grade 2- moderate steatosis (30%-70% hepatocyte); grade3- severe steatosis (>70%hepatocytes). Efficacy of grade of PAP stain and H&E stain were accessed and statistically evaluated by considering seven parameters and overall staining characters where compared.
Results: Our present study evaluated high fat induced hepatic steatosis of H&E and PAP stain and also evaluated efficacy of both the stain. In our study, Pie chart showing the percentage distribution of Number of micro-vesicles about 70% represents greater than 30, 10% represents 30-70, 20% represents less than 70 (Fig. 1). In our study 20% represents the greater than 30, 30% represents the 30-70, 50% represents Less than 70 (Fig. 2). 30% represents mild steatosis, 20% represents moderate steatosis, 50% represents Severe Steatosis (Fig. 3).
Conclusion: We demonstrated the comparative efficiency of the PAP and H&E high fat diet induced rat liver by in vivo and conclude that both H&E and PAP stain has equal efficacy and clarity in observing the various minute parameters.
Knowledge Assessment of Stress Bone Fractures among Soldiers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Albaker Abdulmalik B. , Taha Youssef , Alkadi Mohammed Ahmed Bin Hadi , Alwaily Mohammed Majeed , Alosaimi Meaad Saad , Alarfaj Sarah Abdurahman , Hamdi Raad Mohammed , Alzahrani Khames 
Published: December 2021

Background: Stress fractures are well perceived in military preparing and athletes. Aside from knowledge of the frequency of these fractures and their impact on the economy and lost training hours, there are just a few studies in Saudi Arabia that show the real incidence of these fractures. The precise incidence must be known in order to provide recommendations for future preventative initiatives. This study aims to assess the knowledge of stress fractures among Saudi soldiers.
Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in medical centers; these centers are located in Saudi Arabia on male and female patients of all ages who are in Saudi military society to assess the knowledge of stress fractures among Saudi military society. Data collection was done by questionnaire that distributed between Saudi soldiers. Data was entered and analyzed using (SPSS) program, version 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.).
Results: Of all 1178 studied participants, 51.5% aged between 20- 30 years old. 91.7% were males. 47.5% of all participants had never heard of stress fractures before, 26.2% heard about it when joined military and 17.4% heard about it before joining the military field. 20.8% of all participants had stress fractures before, 10.4% were diagnosed through x-rays and medical history with the doctor, 4.6% were diagnosed through medical history only, and 2.4% diagnosed themselves. 85.3% of all participants agreed that stress fractures occur due to repetitive loading on the bones, 76.6% agreed that predominance of stress fractures of the lower extremities, over fractures of the upper extremities, 67.6% reported that stress fractures can be treated with painkillers, physiotherapy and reduce the risk and 78.6% agreed that stress fractures can be prevented by wearing appropriate footwear.
Conclusion: Participants and relatively good knowledge of stress fractures. Knowledge of stress fracture was significantly associated with years of experience of participants, military sector, and residence area in the kingdom.
Effectiveness of Body Mechanics Training (BMT) on the Management of Low Back Pain, Functional Disability and Physical Fatigue among Women Working in Health Profession: A Study Protocol
Authors: Makasare Nutan Prakash , Singh Seema 
Published: December 2021

Background: The most prevalent musculoskeletal problem among healthcare workers is low back pain (LBP). It's a type of pain between the costal margins and the inferior gluteal folds, and a painful restriction of movement frequently accompanies it. In high-risk health care professionals such as nurses, the prevalence of LBP is higher (64.07%). Clients with chronic LBP had a high level of functional impairment and weariness.
Objectives: 1.To evaluate the effectiveness of Body Mechanics Training (BMT) on managing low back pain, functional disability, and physical fatigue among women working in the health profession on the 7th day and at the first, third, and sixth-month interval. 2.To identify the inter-relationship between LBP, functional disability, and physical fatigue.
Study Design: It is a two-arm trial, interventional hospital-based Study.
Place and Duration of The Study: This Study will be conducted in selected hospitals of Wardha district, Maharashtra, India. The duration of the Study will be six months.
Methodology: The participants will be 330 women in the nursing profession with nonspecific chronic LBP aged 21 to 50. With purposive sampling technique, participants will be allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups: 1) Experimental Group will receive BMT including McKenzie and Yoga exercises, through a licensed physiotherapist and certified yoga trainer. 2) Control Group will receive written instructions regarding body mechanics in a booklet form and follow exercises at home. The experimental group will receive 24 sessions of 60 minutes (6 sessions per week over the first four weeks or a month) and then a supervised session once a week for the next five months. The outcome will be obtained during intervention on the 7th day and after completion at 1, 3, and 6 months. After therapy, the primary outcome will be pain intensity as determined by the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). The secondary outcome, i.e. pain intensity, functional disability (measured with Modified Oswestry LBP Disability Questionnaire), and physical fatigue (measured with Chalder Fatigue Scale), will be measured after treatment.
Expected Results: LBP, functional disability, and physical fatigue will be reduced.
Limitations: Only Nursing personnel will be included in this Study.
Conclusion: This Study's results will contribute to developing BM Training Program for Nursing personnel to manage work-related nonspecific LBP.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Herbal Tablet of Phyllanthus emblica on Carrageenan-induced Paw Edema in Wistar Rats
Authors: Behera Amulyaratna , Samal Himansu Bhusan , Sharma Dinesh Kumar , Kanhar Satish , Kadam Atul , Khamkar Prachi , Behera Suchismeeta 
Published: December 2021

Aim: In the current investigation, tablet dosage form of hydroalcohol extract of leaves of P. emblica was developed and evaluated foranti-inflammatory activities.
Methodology: Hydroalcohol extract of leaves of P. Emblica (HPE) was prepared and formulated tablet dosage form. The mechanical properties e.g. hardness, friability, disintegration, and dissolution of tablet were evaluated. Anti-inflammatory activities of HPE (150 mg/kg) and HPE (650 mg) tablets were performed in carrageenan induced hind paw edema in wistar rats.
Results: The anti-inflammatory activity was found to be significant in carrageenan inducedpaw edema. HPE (150 mg/kg) and HPE tablets (650 mg) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the carrageenan induced paw edemaby 66.41% and 69.43% respectively as compared to carragenan control. The % inhibition of standard drug (dichlorofenac sodium) was recorded to be 70.18% after 5 h.
Conclusion: The study standardised the development of HPE tablet and its anti-inflammatory effect.
Phenolic Constituents of Anethum graveolens Seed Extracts: Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Effect Studies
Authors: Bota Sanda Rodica , Stanasel Oana Delia , Blidar Cristian Felix , Serban Georgeta 
Published: December 2021

The Aim of the Research: Anethum graveolens (dill) is a common herb used in traditional Romanian cuisine, as well as in phytotherapy. Dill seeds have been reported to be rich in antioxidants. As interest in food additives of natural origin has increased in recent years, the purpose of this paper was to study the composition and antioxidant potential of Romanian dill seeds.
Methodology: In this study, the total phenolics contents, the phenolic profile, and the antioxidant properties of the methanolic and hydromethanolic extracts of Romanian dill seeds were investigated. Folin-Ciocalteu assay, DPPH spectrophotometrically method and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography RP-HPLC, respectively were applied.
Results: The highest content of total phenolics was found in acidified methanol samples (46.5 - 46.8 mg GAE/g dry seeds). RP-HPLC analysis highlights important content of quercetin, kaempferol, caffeic acid, sinapic acid, gallic acid, vanillic acid, (±) - catechin and umbelliferone. Antioxidant activity, measured via DPPH free radical scavenging ability, showed very high values (93.5 - 95.6% for the crude extracts and 67.5 - 93.2% for extracts at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL). Methanolic extract exhibited the best IC50 value (88.7 ± 0.01 μg/mL).
Conclusion: All experiments proved the antioxidant activity of dill seed extracts.
Lucan (Marcus Annaeus Lucanus)
Authors: Cowan Robert 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLucan was an epic poet who flourished under Nero but committed suicide after conspiring against him. HisBellum civileis an epic narrative of the civil war between Caesar and Pompey. It rejects and distorts epic conventions and ideology through its unheroic heroes, absent gods, grotesque battles, and pessimistic tone.
Nanoscience versus Viruses: The SARS‐CoV‐2 Case
Authors: Goscianska Joanna , Freund Ralph , Wuttke Stefan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe outbreak of the coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic, its rapid spread, and its fatal consequences clearly showed mankind the overwhelming power of nature, and the importance of interdisciplinary research to counter it. Herein, it will be pointed out what challenges arise in fighting nanosized viruses, which feature an outstanding ability to alter their structure and properties to adapt to infection processes, and why nanoscience is extremely powerful to address them. To learn from the past and to be best prepared for the future, this review highlights how the incredible potential of nanoscience can be tapped by mimicking natures’ viruses for the development of maximally efficient pharmaceuticals, e.g., COVID‐19 vaccines, by designing preventive and protective equipment, e.g., face masks, as well as developing nanosensors for early detection of infections.
Dual‐responsive and bidirectional bending actuators based on a graphene oxide composite for bionic soft robotics
Authors: Yang Kaihuai , Tang Zhendong , Ye Yuanji , Ding Min , Zhang Peiqian , Zhu Yongkang , Guo Qiaohang , Chen Guiqing , Weng Mingcen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntelligent actuators have become a research hotspot in smart materials in recent years due to their diverse modes of actuation, various types of deformation, and wide range of applications. However, the application fields of the traditional bilayer actuator that can only be driven by a single stimulus are greatly limited. Hence, it is necessary to develop multiresponsive actuators to broaden the application fields of the actuators. Here, we propose dual‐responsive and bidirectional bending actuators based on a composite of graphene oxide (GO) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The actuator is made by vacuum filtration of GO film and hot‐press of PET film. Due to the hygroexpansion effect, the GO/PET actuator can be driven by humidity. Benefitting from the ability of the light‐to‐thermal conversion and the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the GO and PET, the GO/PET actuator can be driven by light. Moreover, three types of demo models (including bionic flower, smart gripper, and bionic worm robot) based on the actuator have been proposed to verify the potential of the actuator in practical applications. These demo models show that the actuators have great potential to be used in the fields of intelligent robots.
Characterization of a putative tropinone reductase from Tarenaya hassleriana with a broad substrate specificity
Authors: Li Yixiang , Bai Yajun , Fan Tai‐Ping , Zheng Xiaohui , Cai Yujie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA novel short‐chain alcohol dehydrogenase from Tarenaya hassleriana labeled as putative tropinone reductase was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant protein had molecular weight of approximately 30 kDa on 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. T. hassleriana tropinone reductase‐like enzyme (ThTRL) had not detected oxidative activity. The optimum pH for enzyme activity of ThTRL was weakly acidic (pH 5.0). 50°C was the optimum temperature for ThTRL. The highest catalytic efficiency and substrate affinity for recombinant ThTRL were observed with (+)‐camphorquinone (kcat/Km = 814.3 s–1 mM–1, Km = 44.25 μM). ThTRL exhibited a broad substrate specificity and reduced various carbonyl compounds, including small lipophilic aldehydes and ketones, terpene ketones, and their structural analogs.
Befestigungssysteme für die technische Gebäudeausrüstung im Brandfall – Stand der Technik
Authors: Reichel Susanne 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIm Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrags wird der Stand der Technik bez. der Charakterisierung der Leistungseigenschaften von Befestigungssystemen für die technische Gebäudeausstattung im Brandfall beschrieben. Neben originalmaßstäblichen Brandversuchen und Berechnungen gem. DIN EN 1993‐1‐2 wird eine modulare und hybride Herangehensweise vorgestellt, die im Europäischen Anwendungsdokument EAD 280016‐01‐0602 verankert ist. Die getrennte Analyse der Einzelkomponenten erlaubt eine differenzierte Betrachtung der relevanten Eigenschaften und zielführenden Untersuchungsmethoden. Zudem können unter Nutzung der Ergebnisse beliebige Ausführungsvarianten hinsichtlich ihres Trag‐ und Verformungsverhaltens beschrieben werden. Im Vergleich zu bisherigen Methoden ist folglich ein Zuwachs sowohl an Effizienz als auch an Wirtschaftlichkeit zu verzeichnen.