bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mass Media Freedom in a State of Emergency: Infodemic vs. COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Stojanovska-Stefanova Aneta , Tasev Hristina Runcheva 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Information, as well as freedom of expression and freedom of the media are essential for democratic society and fundamental characteristic of modern states. The year 2020 will be remembered as a year of pandemic caused from Covid-19 (coronavirus) and a year of response to unexpected challenge that the spread of the virus caused. In the times of pandemic and any type of crisis, the media always plays a key role in informing the public all over the Globe. This paper aims to make theoretical descriptive research and analysis of the influence of coronavirus on news consumption, the role of media in communication and presentation of important developments during pandemic. The authors present an overview of the media system and the latest developments in the EU in preventing fake news related to the pandemic. We conclude that media plays key role in informing the citizens during pandemic and therefore they have increased responsibility in providing reliable information. At the same time, since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, the media have been challenged with parallel outbreaks of disinformation and misinformation about the virus, ranging from fake coronavirus cures, false claims and harmful health advice to wild conspiracy theories. Disinformation can in turn speed up the spread of disease, hinder effective public health responses, as well as create confusion, fear and distrust. We highlight the fundamental function of creating awareness regarding the topic based on facts, and the need of media for preventing panic and fostering people's understanding by ‘checking the source and information twice’.
Technology: COVID-19 and the ‘New-Normal’ Lifestyle vs. Security Challenges
Authors: Besimi Adrian , Shehu Visar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the last period, especially during the COVID-19 pandemics, individuals as well as institutions globally and in North Macedonia particularly, have failed to correctly respond to the new challenges related to cyber security, online attacks, and fake news. Being that in a state of isolation and quarantine most governmental institutions have heavily relied on online tools to communicate among each other and with the public, it is quite evident that they have not been well prepared to adopt new technologies. This paper aims to bridge together the needs for technology during the COVID-19 pandemics versus the security challenges that many forget to mention. The primary focus of this paper is to elaborate on the security challenges associated with technology with several examples from incidents around the world and from North Macedonia. As such, it represents a perspective paper with focus on current and emerging advances on IT security for running the “new normal” world.
AS MEMÓRIAS NARRADAS POR IDOSOS SOBRE O TEMPO ESCOLAR
Authors: Bernardo Renata , Anjos Daniela Dias dos , Pereira Lícia Martins 
Published: February 2021

O presente projeto teve como objetivo oportunizar o desenvolvimento de uma aprendizagem humanista com alunos do Curso de Pedagogia, a partir de entrevistas narrativas com idosos que vivem no Asilo São Vicente de Paula, instituição que se localiza na cidade de Bragança Paulista, sobre suas memórias e experiências de escola. O foco desta pesquisa centrou-se nas narrativas de idosos sobre suas memórias escolares, no tocante às experiências que trazem em sua história de vida, em específico no tempo vivido referente à escola. Como objetivo mais amplo o projeto teve a intenção de oportunizar a humanização dos estudantes do Curso de Pedagogia a partir da vivência com os idosos, conhecendo suas experiências e memórias escolares, sendo que, especificamente, a pesquisa pretendeu: desenvolver o conhecimento da história e memória da educação escolar local e regional através das memórias escolares dos idosos da referida instituição; identificar as possibilidades e limites da pesquisa em educação através das narrativas de idosos sobre o tempo escolar. A pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo aproximando-se dos estudos biográficos na educação, tendo como suporte metodológico entrevistas narrativas. Nas narrativas os idosos apontaram várias condições a partir de suas lembranças do tempo escolar como: o papel do professor em suas trajtórias de vida, os processos de exclusão e punição vividos na escola, bem como a condição social da infância a partir da segunda metade do século XX.
Fatores facilitadores e dificultadores para a prática de notificação de eventos adversos por enfermeiros
Authors: Pereira Júnia Aparecida , Amaro Marilane de Oliveira Fani , De Mendonça Érica Toledo , Domingos Camila Santana , Siman Andréia Guerra , De Carvalho Camilo Amaro 
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores facilitadores e dificultadores envolvidos no processo de notificação de eventos adversos em saúde realizadas pelos enfermeiros que atuam em um hospital da Zona da Mata Mineira. Métodos: Estudo de caso qualitativo realizado por meio de entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado com a participação de 25 enfermeiros. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: A partir dos depoimentos, emergiram duas categorias temáticas: Aspectos facilitadores para a realização da notificação de eventos adversos à saúde e “Notificação de eventos adversos: desafios vivenciados pela equipe de enfermagem”. A primeira categoria evidenciou a comunicação eficaz, o trabalho em equipe e o aprendizado a partir da notificação como aspectos que facilitam a realização das notificações. Por sua vez, a segunda categoria apontou a cultura punitiva, a falta de feedback e a sobrecarga de trabalho como aspectos dificultadores. Conclusão: Os profissionais de saúde em sua prática cotidiana, vivenciam a ocorrência de eventos adversos e reconhecem que o processo de notificação é um aspecto fundamental para a promoção da segurança do paciente. Conhecer e determinar a real magnitude dos eventos adversos, é questão primordial para uma gestão de qualidade nas instituições promotoras do cuidado.
Ethnobiological knowledge generation during “herding games” in pastoralist Maasai society (southern Kenya)
Authors: Tian Xiaojie 
Published: February 2021

Savoir ethnobiologique engendré durant les « jeux de conduite de troupeau » dans la société Maasai pastoraliste (sud Kenya). Cet article explore la production du savoir ethnobiologique relatif au bétail par les enfants Maasai du sud du Kenya, à travers des jeux de conduite de troupeau. Dans la communauté Maasai qui continue à utiliser et à gérer collectivement les terres, les enfants prennent part activement aux tâches quotidiennes liées au bétail, lesquelles servent de cadre à la production du savoir ethnobiologique. Pendant le jeu, les enfants mettent en pratique et communiquent leurs compétences relatives au bétail, tout en les ajustant aux conditions sociales et environnementales actuelles, et en mettant en scène les relations sociales qu’ils découvrent au fil de leurs tâches quotidiennes. L’étude met en lumière la pertinence du jeu dans la construction du savoir ethnobiologique dans des contextes sociaux pastoraux durant les jeux de bétail. Ce faisant, les enfants contribuent à l’enrichissement des relations homme-bétail-environnement dans la société Maasai actuelle.
Coco, l’« enfant du patrimoine » ? Sur la représentation de la fête des morts au Mexique à partir d’un « dessin animé patrimonial »
Authors: de Suremain Charles-Édouard 
Published: February 2021

Le patrimoine, à travers le dessin animé Coco, semble avoir trouvé un mode d’expression et de transmission inédit, à ce point qu’il apparaît désormais concevable de parler d’un nouveau genre cinématographique, le « dessin animé patrimonial ». Véritable production destinée à la scène globale, combinant créativité, invention et hommage à l’« âme d’un peuple », le film met en avant la « culture mexicaine » perçue par la « culture latino », tout en rappelant les valeurs fondatrices de la Nation mexicaine : la tradition, les ancêtres, la famille… et l’enfant ; au-delà, il reprend les questions universelles relatives à la condition humaine : la vie, la mort. Figure centrale d’une trame narrative à la fois dramatique et humoristique, l’« enfant du patrimoine » reflète les tensions actuelles entre le modèle de l’enfant du droit fortement doté d’agencéité – qui tente de s’affranchir de l’ordre social traditionnel pour une part – et le modèle d’enfant consumériste qui va jusqu’à tenter d’imposer ses choix aux adultes pour l’autre. Le dessin animé patrimonial montre en creux que, pour avoir une chance d’être transmis, le patrimoine ne peut s’appuyer sur un récipiendaire abstrait, un enfant générique, mais qu’il doit s’incarner dans un acteur fait de chair et d’os, avide de biens de consommation culturels, devenu entre-temps expert en patrimoine.
Association of СОМТ, DRD2/ANKK1, MTHFR, MIR 137, DNMT3B polymorphisms with the clinical features of schizophrenia patients in acute stage and remission
Authors: Kandratsenka H. S. , Danilenko N. G. , Haylaenka I. M. , Skugarevsky O. A. , Marshe V. , Kennedy J. L. , Davydenko O. G. 
Published: February 2021

Updated view of genetic features of schizophrenia based on rare SNPs/CNVs with a huge influence on a disease and common SNPs with a small effect of each allele is presented. Altogether these genetic factors are acting to create neuropathophysiological disturbances observed in schizophrenia. Association of five polymorphisms MIR137 rs1625579, DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497, MTHFR rs1801133, DNMT3B rs2424913, СОМТ rs4680 with the risk of schizophrenia in the Belarusian population, the level of symptoms of schizophrenia patients assessed by PANSS in the acute stage and remission, cognitive impairments, and treatment trajectory of schizophrenia patients during antipsychotic treatment were analyzed. The A/A-genotype of СОМТ rs4680 (р = 0.008) and the С/С-genotype of MTHFR rs1801133 (р = 0.02) are associated with the risk of schizophrenia among Belarusians. The T-allele of MTHFR rs1801133 is a risk factor of positive symptoms (р = 0.02). Combining the C/C-genotype (DNMT3B rs2424913) and the G-allele (COMT rs4680) is associated with a significant difference in negative symptoms level between men and women. The polymorphism of СОМТ rs4680 (р < 0.05) and the combination of СОМТ rs4680 + DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497 (р = 0.005) as well as MTHFR rs1801133 + DNMT3B rs2424913 (р = 0.006) are related to the cognitive parameters measured by the WCST and Stroop test respectively. Schizophrenia patients who are the G-allele carriers of MIR137 rs1625579 demonstrated a more favorable negative symptom trajectory in comparison to Т/Тhomozygotes (F = 2.2, p = 0.03). The trajectory of negative symptoms (F = 2.2, p = 0.03) and general psychopathological symptoms (F = 4.3, p = 0.0001) is different between men and women under antipsychotic treatment. These differences are associated with a minor amount of alleles of MIR137 rs1625579, DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497, MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphic sites.
General provisions on the constitutional legal responsibility of social communities in the conditions of digitalization
Authors: Shakhnovskaya I. V. 
Published: February 2021

The article discusses issues related to the establishment of general provisions on the constitutional and legal responsibility of social communities in the context of digitalization processes. Emphasis is placed on special social communities – electronic associations, highlighting the features of their legal status. Within the framework of considering the issue of constitutional and legal responsibility, distinctions are made in the order of its occurrence, depending on the order of formation (creation) of social communities as subjects of constitutional and legal relations. Particular attention is paid to the changes taking place in the constitutional and legal sphere during the development of information technologies, their impact on the change in the subject composition of legal relations.
ANALISIS KELEMBAGAAN USAHATANI JERUK PAMELO DI KABUPATEN MAGETAN
Authors: Nahraeni Wini , Rahayu Arifah , Masithoh Siti , Maharani Fitria 
Published: February 2021

Magetan mrupakan sentra produksi pamelo di Jawa Timur. Di Magetan, lemahnya posisi tawar petani Jeruk pamelo dicirikan dengan sistem pemasaran yang diijonkan ketika masih di kebun sehingga harga menjadi murah. Salah satu cara mengembangkan ushatani jeruk pamelo adalah melalui pemberdayaan kelembagaan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor penghambat, pendorong dan strategi penguatan kelembagaan untuk meningkatkan usahatani Jeruk Pamelo. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Sukomoro, Bendo, dan Takeran Kabupaten Magetan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Pengambilan sampel petani dilakukan dengan metode simple random sampling berjumlah 37 orang petani, dan pengurus kelompok tani berjumlah 21 orang yang diambil secara purposive. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif eksplanatori dan analisis medan kekuatan (Force Field Analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 18 faktor penghambat dan 12 faktor pendorong faktor penghambat terdiri atas umur petai tua, pendidikan, penerapan teknologi, pemeliharaan, kualitas bibit, sistem tebasan, penentuan harga, sumber pemasaran, akses pasar, manajemen gapoktan, peran serta petani, kualitas buah tidak menentukan harga, rendahnya kerjasama dalam pengadaan saprodi, kurangnya informasi dan akses ke lembaga keuangan, kemarau panjang, tingginya serangan hama dan penyakit, dan pandemi. Faktor pendorong terdiri atas pengalaman petani, keberagaman aksesi, kepemilikan lahan, kemudahan menjual hasil, petani aktif berkomunikasi, aktif mencari informasi budidaya, adanya pedoman teknik budidaya, bantuan bibit, bimbingan, penyuluhan, APM, kios sarana produksi, dan kesuainya materi PPL. Strategi penguatan kelembagaan adalah meningkatkan akses informasi dengan lembaga penunjang, membuat kerjasama penyampaian informasi, bimbingan dan evaluasi, menjaga kelestarian berbagai aksesi, bekerja sama dengan lembaga pemasaran/ asosiasi yang dapat meningkatkan bergaining position petani, akses dan informasi pemasaran.
PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA KABUPATEN SUKABUMI MELALUI TAGLINE GURILAPSS PESONA SUKABUMI
Authors: Mulya Inda Sri , Hernawan Denny , Fitriah Maria 
Published: February 2021

Mountains, Wilderness, Sea, Beach, River and Cultural Art or often known as GURILAPSS are the characteristics of tourism in Sukabumi Regency, so when speaking GURILAPSS, Sukabumi is the destination. The formulation of the problem in this research is “How is Sukabumi Tagline?”. This study aims to determine the device to determine the tourism development of Sukabumi District throught the GURILAPSS Pesona Sukabumi Tagline.This study uses a centralized interview approach (Focused Interviews), with research. This research data collection technique uses two data sources, namely primary and secondary sources. Primary data obtained by interview and observation. Secondary data obtained by documentation. The key Informant in this study was the Head of tourism marketing and promotion in Sukabumi Regency. While supporting informant s consisted of one Head of Culture and one Head of Culture and six people of Sukabumi Regency.Technical analysis of data in this study using the model of Miles and Huberman. The results showed that the Tourism Development of Sukabumi Regency through the tagline GURILAPSS the result showed the Development of tourism in Sukabumi Regency through the tagline GURILAPSS the charm of Sukabumi uses three basic elements in its development, namely the emergence of motivation and desire for tourists to visit a tourism through the development of attractions and tourist attractions; there are supporting tourism facilities such as roads, accomodation, information centers and shopping centers through amenitas and tourist accommodation and transportation to take to tourist attraction. The conclusion in this study Sukabumi Regency tourism development through the tagline GURILAPSS enchanment Sukabumi has used aspect of the development of attractions and tourist attractions; tourist amenities and accomodations as well as tourist accesbility.Keywords: GURILAPSS Enchanting Sukabumi, Tourism Development; Tagline.
Benefits of Using a CF4-Free Microwave Induced Plasma (MIP) Spot Etch Process to Remove Underfill and Analyze 2.5D Modules
Authors: Distelhurst Kevin , Myers Joe , Bader Dan , Russotti Ron , Pichumani Pradip , Tang Jiaqi , McKinnon Mark 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Advanced packages such as 2.5D will continue to grow in demand as performance increases are needed in various applications. Failure analysis must adapt to the changes in the interfaces, materials and structures being developed and now utilized. Traditional techniques and tools used for selectively removing materials to isolate and analyze defects need to evolve alongside these packages. A CF4-free Microwave Induced Plasma (MIP) process is used to remove underfill (UF) with minimal alteration of other materials on the samples, a process which has become more difficult on 2.5D modules. UF is removed using this MIP process to allow subsequent analysis on interposer interconnects and ìbumps in crosssection. SEM inspection, Electron Beam Absorbed Current (EBAC), and FIB are techniques used post cross-sectional UF removal of these 2.5D structures. The benefits of the specific MIP process through case studies are presented. Specifically, the use of an automatic cleaning step and a CF4-free downstream O2 plasma allow easy removal of UF without damaging other structures of interest with little tool recipe development.
A Minor Change in Sample Preparation Leads to Unexpected Qualification Fails During High Temperature Storage Stress Test
Authors: Tschernay Klaus Peter , Haber Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In today’s supply chains based on complex division of labor qualification plans must be executed at various levels of semifinished products. This study shows how a supporting process, assumed to be uncritical in terms of the qualification scope for a bare silicon die, is responsible for qualification fails. Although such failures are not relevant for the quality of the final product careful and thorough analysis is required to invalidate such failure modes.
Cell Charge Loss by Formation of Inversion Channel in DRAM
Authors: Yang Hoonchang , Ryu Keunchul , Seo Dongin , Cho Kyoungrak , Park Junsik , Nam Incheol , Kim Daesun , Hong Heeil , Yim Sungsoo , Kim Jonghoon , Lee Jung-Bae 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As dimension shrinkage, uncommon phenomena have been occurring during write and read operation in DRAM. These phenomena are strongly related cell capacitance, and the sensitivity of leakage current increases. Leakage current, especially in cell capacitor or cell transistor, is a major cause of the imbalance between stored charge in write operation and served charge in the read operation. Generally, error induced by leakage current appears data-1 failure, but in our study data-0 failure is observed in the case of extreme low cell capacitance that failure level is ppb (parts per billion). Results show that this phenomenon is influenced by cell capacitance, gate/body voltage of cell transistor, and supplied voltage level of the bitline sense amplifier. Based on various results, the electron loss to form inversion electron channel of cell transistor is regarded as a major factor like Charge Feedthrough [5].
Semiconductor Device Radiation Damage in TEM
Authors: Yeow Timothy , Tang Dong , Alexandrou Ioannis , Lian Guoda , Boetttcher Steve , Ali Malik 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a widely used technique in semiconductor device failure analysis. A common challenge in TEM is electron radiation damage, which can generate an uncertainty for correct analysis. This paper reports a study of the electron beam-radiation damages in small technology nodes semiconductor devices relating to the FINFET sidewall and metal layer. The study is performed at three different high tensions at 200kV, 60kV, and 30kV to compare the electron beam-radiation damages. The paper demonstrates that using lower high tension is preferred for minimizing the electron beam-radiation damage in advanced semiconductor devices. However, it also shows that the lowest high tension might not always be suitable for certain semiconductor device regions.
Laser Chemical Etching Trench Refinements for Backside Debug Journey to the Circuit Layer
Authors: Mulholland Matthew M. , Tan Shida , Raza Muhammad Usman , Levesque Matthew , Furlong Jordan , Ferri Christopher G.L. , Chivas Robert , DiBattista Michael , Silverman Scott 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The journey to the circuit layer will be described by first discussing baseline processes of laser assisted chemical etching (LACE) steps before the focused ion beam (FIB) workflow. These LACE processes take advantage of a dual 532 nm continuous wave (CW) and pulse laser system, however limitations and overhead that is transferred over to the FIB operator will be demonstrated. Experiments show an additional third 355 nm ultraviolet (UV) pulse laser process introduction into the workflow can further reduce the remaining silicon thickness (RST) relieving FIB overhead. In addition, complex pulse laser patterning techniques will show a refinement to nonuniform produced silicon. Finally, other pulse laser patterning techniques such as polygon etch capability will allow laser etching around and in-between features to enhance circuit layer accessibility for debug operations.
A Novel Deprocessing Technique for Revealing Transistor-Level Damage on 7nm FinFET Devices
Authors: Xu Fei Long , Tan Phoumra , Nuez Dan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Physical FA innovations in advanced flip-chip devices are essential, especially for die-level defects. Given the increasing number of metal layers, traditional front-side deprocessing requires a lot of work on parallel lapping and wet etching before reaching the transistor level. Therefore, backside deprocessing is often preferred for checking transistor-level defects, such as subtle ESD damage. This paper presents an efficient technique that involves precise, automated die thinning (from 760µm to 5µm), high-resolution fault localization using a solid immersion lens, and rigorous KOH etch. Using this technique, transistor-level damage was revealed on advanced 7nm FinFET devices with flip-chip packaging.