bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy outcomes in relation to disease activity and anti-rheumatic treatment strategies in women with rheumatoid arthritis: a matched cohort study from Sweden and Denmark
Authors: Hellgren Karin , Secher Anne Emilie , Glintborg Bente , Rom Ane Lilleøre , Gudbjornsson Bjorn , Michelsen Brigitte , Granath Fredrik , Hetland Merete Lund 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To explore the association of maternal RA to pregnancy outcomes, especially preterm birth (PTB) and small for gestational age (SGA), in relation to disease activity and anti-rheumatic treatment before and during pregnancy.

Methods
By linking prospective clinical rheumatology registers (CRR) in Sweden (the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register, SRQ) and Denmark (the Danish clinical quality register, DANBIO) with medical birth registers, we identified 1739 RA-pregnancies and 17 390 control-pregnancies (matched 1:10 on maternal age, birth year, parity) with delivery 2006–18. Disease activity (DAS28, CRP, HAQ score) and anti-rheumatic treatment 9 months before and during pregnancy were identified through CRR and prescribed drug registers. Using logistic regression, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% CI for PTB and SGA overall and stratified by disease activity and anti-rheumatic treatment before and during pregnancy, adjusting for maternal characteristics.

Results
We found increased aOR of PTB [1.92 (1.56–2.35)] and SGA [1.93 (1.45–2.57)] in RA-pregnancies vs control-pregnancies. For RA-pregnancies with DAS28-CRP ≥4.1 vs &lt;3.2 during pregnancy, aOR was 3.38 (1.52–7.55) for PTB and 3.90 (1.46–10.4) for SGA. Use of oral CS (yes/no) during pregnancy resulted in an aOR of 2.11 (0.94–4.74) for PTB. The corresponding figure for biologics was 1.38 (0.66–2.89). Combination therapy, including biologics before pregnancy, was a marker of increased risk of both PTB and SGA.

Conclusion
During pregnancy, disease activity rather than treatment seems to be the most important risk factor for PTB and SGA in RA. Women with RA should be carefully monitored during pregnancy, especially if they have moderate to high disease activity or/and are treated with extensive anti-rheumatic treatment.
Perivascular and endomysial macrophages expressing VEGF and CXCL12 promote angiogenesis in anti-HMGCR immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy
Authors: Lia Anna , Annese Tiziana , Fornaro Marco , Giannini Margherita , D’Abbicco Dario , Errede Mariella , Lorusso Loredana , Amati Angela , Tampoia Marilina , Trojano Maria , Virgintino Daniela , Ribatti Domenico , Serlenga Luigi , Iannone Florenzo , Girolamo Francesco 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To study the phenotype of macrophage infiltrates and their role in angiogenesis in different idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs).

Methods
The density and distribution of the subpopulations of macrophages subsets (M1, inducible nitric oxide+, CD11c+; M2, arginase-1+), endomysial capillaries (CD31+, FLK1+), degenerating (C5b-9+) and regenerating (NCAM+) myofibres were investigated by immunohistochemistry in human muscle samples of diagnostic biopsies from a large cohort of untreated patients (n: 81) suffering from anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (anti-HMGCR)+ immune mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), anti-signal recognition particle (anti-SRP)+ IMNM, seronegative IMNM, DM, PM, PM with mitochondrial pathology, sporadic IBM, scleromyositis, and anti-synthetase syndrome. The samples were compared with mitochondrial myopathy and control muscle samples.

Results
Compared with the other IIMs and controls, endomysial capillary density (CD) was higher in anti-HMGCR+ IMNM, where M1 and M2 macrophages, detected by confocal microscopy, infiltrated perivascular endomysium and expressed angiogenic molecules such as VEGF-A and CXCL12. These angiogenic macrophages were preferentially associated with CD31+ FLK1+ microvessels in anti-HMGCR+ IMNM. The VEGF-A+ M2 macrophage density was significantly correlated with CD (rS: 0.98; P: 0.0004). Western blot analyses revealed increased expression levels of VEGF-A, FLK1, HIF-1α and CXCL12 in anti-HMGCR+ IMNM. CD and expression levels of these angiogenic molecules were not increased in anti-SRP+ and seronegative IMNM, offering additional, useful information for differential diagnosis among these IIM subtypes.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that in IIMs, infiltrating macrophages and microvascular cells interactions play a pivotal role in coordinating myogenesis and angiogenesis. This reciprocal crosstalk seems to distinguish anti-HMGCR associated IMNM.
Fixed-term work contracts and anti-immigration attitudes. A novel test of ethnic competition theory
Authors: Ersanilli Evelyn , Präg Patrick 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhether labor market competition is shaping anti-immigration attitudes is a contentious issue. We conduct a novel test of ethnic competition theory by comparing the attitudes toward immigration of workers with fixed-term contracts to those with permanent jobs in Europe. Fixed-term contract workers are particularly at risk of competition as they have to compete for jobs in the foreseeable future. In the first step of our investigation, we analyze cross-sectional data (European Social Survey, 2002–18) from 18 Western European countries. We find that—contrary to our expectation—fixed-term workers are less anti-immigration. The effect is substantively small. In the second step, we use a fixed-effects design with longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP, 1999–2015) to rule out time-constant unobserved heterogeneity. We find that transitioning from a fixed to a permanent contract does not affect anti-immigration attitudes. Our combined results thus add to the growing body of studies that do not find evidence for labor market competition as an explanation of anti-immigrant attitudes.
Overexpression of MdASMT9, an N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase gene, increases melatonin biosynthesis and improves water-use efficiency in transgenic apple
Authors: Zhou Kun , Li Yangtiansu , Hu Lingyu , Zhang Jingyun , Yue Hong , Yang Shulin , Liu Yuan , Gong Xiaoqing , Ma Fengwang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Improving apple water-use efficiency (WUE) is increasingly desirable in the face of global climate change. Melatonin is a pleiotropic molecule that functions in plant development and stress tolerance. In apple, exogenous application of melatonin has been largely investigated, but melatonin biosynthesis and its physiological roles remain elusive. In the plant biosynthetic pathway of melatonin, the last and key step is that N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) converts N-acetylserotonin into melatonin. Here, we identified an apple ASMT gene, MdASMT9, using homology-based cloning and in vitro enzyme assays. Overexpression of MdASMT9 significantly increased melatonin accumulation in transgenic apple lines. Moreover, an enhanced WUE was observed in the MdASMT9-overexpressing apple lines. Under well-watered conditions, this increase in WUE was attributed to an enhancement of photosynthetic rate and stomatal aperture via a reduction in abscisic acid biosynthesis. By contrast, under long-term moderate water deficit conditions, regulations in photoprotective mechanisms, stomatal behavior, osmotic adjustment and antioxidant activity enhanced the WUE in transgenic apple lines. Taken together, our findings shed light on the positive effect of MdASMT9 on improving WUE of apple by modulating melatonin biosynthesis.
The Contrast of Color: Why the Black Community Continues to Suffer Health Disparities
Authors: Gillispie-Bell V. 
Published: November 2021

(Obstet Gynecol. 2021;137:220–224)
In the Current Commentary section of a 2021 edition of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Dr Veronica Gillispie-Bell, a Black, female obstetrician and gynecologist, asserts that health disparities among the Black community are due to implicit bias of health care providers and structural racism in the health care system.
Biomarkers and the Prediction of Adverse Outcomes in Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lim S. , Li W. , Kemper J. , Nguyen A. , Mol B.W. , Reddy M. 
Published: November 2021

(Obstet Gynecol. 2021;137:72–81)
Progress has occurred recently to predict and diagnose preeclampsia in pregnant women. Angiogenic and antiangiogenic biomarkers such as placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) were recently examined. In addition these factors have been implemented clinically as predictive measurements of preeclampsia. This study aims to review and analyze sFlt-1, PlGF, and the sFLt-1/PlGF ratio and their ability to predict time to delivery and adverse outcomes in patients with preeclampsia.
Accuracy of Postpartum Hemorrhage Coding in the Swedish Pregnancy Register
Authors: Ladfors L.V. , Muraca G.M. , Butwick A. , Edgren G. , Stephansson O. 
Published: November 2021

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021;100:322–330)
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evaluating trends related to PPH depends on the accuracy of diagnostic codes, namely the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision codes (ICD-10). The accuracy of these codes has not been widely reported and is relevant to research and quality improvement endeavors. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of ICD-10 codes for PPH in Sweden.
Association Between Extremely Preterm Cesarean Delivery and Maternal Depressive and Anxious Symptoms: A National Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Blanc J. , Resseguier N. , Lorthe E. , Goffinet F. , Sentilhes L. , Auquier P. , Tosello B. , d’Ercole C. 
Published: November 2021

(BJOG. 2021;128:594–602)
During the postpartum period, women are at high risk of developing depression and anxiety. Risk factors that may contribute to the development of these conditions are preterm birth and cesarean delivery (CD). In this context, extremely preterm deliveries, usually associated with emergency CD, is an important area of study. The aim of this study was to examine whether there was an association between CD at <26 weeks’ gestation and maternal depression and anxiety. The authors hypothesized that cesarean delivery before 26 weeks’ gestation compared to delivery between 26 and 34 weeks would be associated with severe depression or anxiety.
Creating a Model to Predict Time Intervals From Induction of Labor to Induction of Anesthesia and Delivery to Coordinate Workload
Authors: Warner L.L. , Hunter Guevara L.R. , Barrett B.J. , Arendt K.W. , Peterson A.A. , Sviggum H.P. , Duncan C.M. , Thompson A.C. , Hanson A.C. , Schulte P.J. , Martin D.P. , Sharpe E.E. 
Published: November 2021

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2021;45:115–123)
Recent evidence and guidelines supports offering induction of labor (IOL) to low-risk nulliparous women at 39 weeks’ gestation to reduce risk of cesarean delivery (CD) or adverse neonatal outcomes. Surgical patient outcomes can be impacted by timing of surgery and this may translate to risk of maternal and neonatal outcomes depending on timing of delivery and care team staffing levels and availability. This study aimed to create a model to predict timing from IOL to request for anesthesia and subsequent delivery in order to optimize anesthesia and obstetric team workload during the most well-staffed hours.
Topical Intranasal Lidocaine is not a Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block
Authors: Narouze S. 
Published: November 2021

(Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2021:46. PMID: 33323391)
There is a complex network of nerves within the pterygopalatine fossa. The largest peripheral parasympathetic ganglion, located within the pterygopalatine fossa, is the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) which plays an important role in managing primary and secondary headache disorders. Recent interest exists in applying local anesthetics (LA) as an SPG block to manage headaches, especially postdural puncture headache management. This discourse reviews why intranasal LA application is not an acceptable and effective route for SPG block.
Long-term Psychological and Physical Outcomes of Women After Postdural Puncture Headache: A Retrospective, Cohort Study
Authors: Orbach-Zinger S. , Eidelman L.A. , Livne M.Y. , Matkovski O. , Mangoubi E. , Borovich A. , Wazwaz S.A. , Ioscovich A. , Zekry Z.H.B. , Ariche K. , Weiniger C.F. 
Published: November 2021

(Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2021;38:130–137)
Accidental dural puncture (ADP) occurs in 0.4% to 6% of patients who receive neuraxial analgesia, and a significant number of ADP patients develop postdural puncture headache (PDPH). PDPH is associated with impaired maternal-neonatal bonding, longer hospital stay, limited ambulation and maternal morbidity. While previous studies have investigated long-term physical outcomes associated with PDPH, limited data exists on the associations between PDPH and long-term psychological outcomes, like postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study compared the frequency of these outcomes in women with PDPH with a control group of women without PDPH.
Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Bienstock J.L. , Eke A.C. , Hueppchen N.A. 
Published: November 2021

(N Engl J Med. 2021;384:1635–1645. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1513247. PMID: 33913640)
Research and literature on postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is critical because it is the highest cause of global maternal morbidity and mortality. In the United States PPH accounts for 11% of maternal deaths. Data shows from 1993 to 2014, PPH (blood loss >1000 mL following vaginal or cesarean delivery) severe enough to require a blood transfusion increased by 500% (8/10,000 deliveries in 1993; 40/10,000 deliveries in 2014). Despite the need for research on PPH, data is difficult to accurately analyze and management guidelines vary greatly across the world. This review aims to discuss causes, identification, prediction, prevention, and management of PPH.
Perioperative Management of Patients With Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19: Review and Recommendations for Perioperative Management From a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zheng H. , Hébert H.L. , Chatziperi A. , Meng W. , Smith B.H. , Yan J. , Zhou Z. , Zhang X. , Luo A. , Wang L. , Zhu W. , Hu J. , Colvin L.A. 
Published: November 2021

(Br J Anaesth. 2020;125:895–911. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.08.049. PMID: 33121750; PMCID: PMC7473146)
Since Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) became a worldwide pandemic, health care guidelines have pivoted to protect health care workers (HCWs) and patients. There is little known, however, regarding best perioperative management practices for patients with COVID-19 and how techniques impact patient outcomes and transmission rates. A rapid review was done early on, but a more thorough, high-quality, and evidence-based analysis was needed. This study aims to do 2 things: (1) take case reports and studies of patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 who underwent surgery and conduct a rapid review on the data (eg, morbidity, mortality, use of intensive care, hospital length of stay, pain support, and respiratory) as well as COVID-19 transmission rates to HCWs and (2) analyze various perioperative techniques and outcomes for cesarean sections (C-sections) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tongji Hospital, Wuhan.
Outpatient Penicillin Allergy Testing in Pregnant Women Who Report an Allergy
Authors: Desravines N. , Waldron J. , Venkatesh K.K. , Kwan M. , Boggess K.A. 
Published: November 2021

(Obstet Gynecol. 2021;137:56–61)
Up to 74% of women are given antibiotics for various indications during pregnancy. Patients who report an allergy to penicillin are given other broad-spectrum antibiotics, which can increase the risk for antibiotic resistance and mortality. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends the testing of pregnant women who report having a penicillin allergy. However, little is known about allergy testing in pregnancy. The aim of this study is to examine the feasibility, acceptance and safety of outpatient testing for women with penicillin allergy in pregnancy.
Cesarean Delivery After Nonmedically Indicated Induction of Labor: A Population-based Study Using Different Definitions of Expectant Management
Authors: Zenzmaier C. , Pfeifer B. , Leitner H. , König-Bachmann M. 
Published: November 2021

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021;100:220–228)
Induction of labor (IOL) has been associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery (CD), when compared with spontaneous onset of labor. But when compared with expectant management, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies have found that nonmedically indicated or “elective” IOL is associated with fewer CD. Expectant management is typically defined as all births at a later gestation, usually >41 weeks, regardless of mode of delivery. However, this definition may bias clinicians to favor IOL earlier or at full term when considering the risk of expectant management in the short term, or until the next appointment when IOL may be reconsidered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of CD after elective IOL using the 2 definitions of expectant management.
Incidence of Postpartum Hypertension Within 2 Years of a Pregnancy Complicated by Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Giorgione  , Ridder A. , Kalafat E. , Khalil A. , Thilaganathan B. 
Published: November 2021

(BJOG. 2021;128:495–503. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.16545. [Epub October 21, 2020]. PMID: 32981216)
Women who experience hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (HDP) are at increased risk of long-term and potentially short-term adverse cardiovascular outcomes, especially women with recurrent HDP. Identifying the rate, magnitude, and timing of hypertension following HDP may help determine strategies to mitigate the effects of HDP and improve maternal outcomes. This study aimed to systematically review and analyze literature that reported hypertension within the first 2 years following HDP compared with uncomplicated pregnancy.
A Systematic Review of the Association Between Postpartum Depression and Neuraxial Labor Analgesia
Authors: Orbach-Zinger S. , Heesen M. , Grigoriadis S. , Heesen P. , Halpern S. 
Published: November 2021

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2021;45:142–149)
Postpartum depression (PPD) has a reported prevalence of 6.5% to 12.9% and is associated with negative effects on maternal and neonatal physical and psychological health. Many factors contribute to the risk of PPD, including marital satisfaction, history of depression, genetic factors, hormonal factors, and labor pain. Previous meta-analyses found no evidence that neuraxial analgesia is associated with low rates of PPD, but new information has been reported since these studies were published. This systematic review aimed to investigate whether the use of neuraxial labor analgesia has any effect on the incidence of PPD.
Relationship of sleep duration and annual changes in sleep duration with the incidence of gastrointestinal cancers: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Yu-Heng , Lyu Zhang-Yan , Wang Gang , Feng Xiao-Shuang , Xie Shuang-Hua , Chen Shuo-Hua , Yin Jian , Ren Jian-Song , Mi Zi-Han , Wang Shen , Wu Shou-Ling , Li Ni , Dai Min 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Prospective analyses have yet to identify a consistent relationship between sleep duration and the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. The effect of changes in sleep duration on GI cancer incidence has scarcely been studied. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between baseline sleep duration and annual changes in sleep duration and GI cancer risk in a large population-based cohort study.

Methods:
A total of 123,495 participants with baseline information and 83,511 participants with annual changes in sleep duration information were prospectively observed from 2006 to 2015 for cancer incidence. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and their confidence intervals (CIs) for GI cancers according to sleep duration and annual changes in sleep duration.

Results:
In baseline sleep duration analyses, short sleep duration (≤5 h) was significantly associated with a lower risk of GI cancer in females (HR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.10–0.90), and a linear relationship between baseline sleep duration and GI cancer was observed (P = 0.010), especially in males and in the >50-year-old group. In the annual changes in sleep duration analyses, with stable category (0 to −15 min/year) as the control group, decreased sleep duration (≤−15 min/year) was significantly associated with the development of GI cancer (HR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.04–1.61), especially in the >50-year-old group (HR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.01–1.71), and increased sleep duration (>0 min/year) was significantly associated with GI cancer in females (HR: 2.89; 95% CI: 1.14–7.30).

Conclusions:
Both sleep duration and annual changes in sleep duration were associated with the incidence of GI cancer.
Impact of Different Adipose Depots on Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Diaz-Canestro Candela , Xu Aimin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Adipose tissue (AT)-derived factors contribute to the regulation of cardiovascular homeostasis, thereby playing an important role in cardiovascular health and disease. In obesity, AT expands and becomes dysfunctional, shifting its secretory profile toward a proinflammatory state associated with deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system. AT in distinct locations (ie, adipose depots) differs in crucial phenotypic variables, including inflammatory and secretory profile, cellular composition, lipolytic activity, and gene expression. Such heterogeneity among different adipose depots may explain contrasting cardiometabolic risks associated with different obesity phenotypes. In this respect, central obesity, defined as the accumulation of AT in the abdominal region, leads to higher risk of cardiometabolic alterations compared with the accumulation of AT in the gluteofemoral region (ie, peripheral obesity). The aim of this review was to provide an updated summary of clinical and experimental evidence supporting the differential roles of different adipose depots in cardiovascular disease and to discuss the molecular basis underlying the differences of adipose depots in the regulation of cardiovascular function.
Lipo Definition in Thighs: Volumizing and Defining the Vastus Muscles by Fat Transfer
Authors: Cipriani Raúl Martín Manzaneda , Adrianzen Gerardo A. , Zulueta Jaroslav , Sarango Braulio 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Volumizing muscles in the thighs by fat grafting to complement body contouring surgeries has not been adequately investigated. Our objective was to describe a technique (VDVFAT) that defines and volumizes thigh muscles by lipotransfer in the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles.

Methods:
VDVFAT was performed in 52 patients by the same surgeon at a private clinic in Lima, Peru, between 2018 and 2019. All patients were aged between 18 and 60 years, had no cutaneous flaccidity of the thighs, had a body mass index less than 28, and had Goldman surgical risk below Class II.

Results:
A total of 45 women aged 19–41 years (mean: 29.2 years) and seven men aged 24–41 years (mean: 33 years) were included. A mean of 173.36 cm3 of intramuscular fat was grafted to the vastus lateralis, resulting in increased muscle thickness of 21.09 mm, which is equivalent to 88.31% of the initial size of the muscle (P < 0.0001). An intramuscular fat mass of 123.53 cm3 was grafted into the vastus medialis, resulting in increased muscle thickness of 30 mm, which is equivalent to 87.02% of the initial size of the muscle (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Volumizing and defining the vastus muscles by fat transfer is a safe and reproducible method for defining and volumizing muscles. However, further studies are necessary to determine the durability of fat grafts.