bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identities in/out of physics and the politics of recognition
Authors: Avraamidou Lucy 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFramed within intersectionality, this multiple case study explores women's participation in physics through the construct of physics identity and with a focus on recognition. The study is drawn upon an empirical life‐history exploration of three women: a native to Northwestern Europe, late‐career white woman and two immigrant women to Northwestern Europe, one is an undergraduate student of color, and the other, an early career Muslim woman. The data for this study were collected through multiple, semistructured, interviews in a period of 2 years, which were analyzed using a constant comparative method. Collectively, the three life‐histories tell stories of otherness, persistence, hope, and failure and they elucidate the kinds of identities that are deemed “in‐place” and “out‐of‐place” in physics. They showcase how the three women authored multiple identities that simply co‐existed for them, while for others were seen as conflicting and caused misrecognition. The findings point to four main insights: (a) recognition is neither linear nor binary and it comes in many different forms that range from explicit encouragement to no opposition; (b) it is drawn upon various sources including ones in the early years of life: family, school teachers, university instructor, students, and social community; (c) it is culture‐dependent and as such, it is influenced by factors on multiple levels, including cultural and gender stereotypes, organizational policies, racism, sexism, classicism, and other forms of discrimination. The implications of these findings speak to the need for: (a) systemic programs on how women are recognized by others and which seek to widen and diversify physics environments from the school level to the professional level; (b) research exploration of the politics of recognition and how they perpetuate the underrepresentation of women in physics; and, (c) disrupting monolithic theorizations of recognition and adopting intersectional approaches to exploring physics identity that value women's personal histories, subjectivities, and positionalities.
MiR‐186‐5p suppresses cell migration, invasion, and epithelial mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer by targeting RAB27A/B
Authors: Zhang Qianjin , Hao Lin , Shen Zhiyong , Wang Fengye , Han Conghui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBladder cancer (BCa) is a common malignancy in the urinary system. Ras‐related protein Rab‐27A (RAB27A) and Ras‐related protein Rab‐27B (RAB27B) have been verified to be closely related to the development of many tumors. Since the role of both RAB27A and RAB27B in BCa have not been reported, we intended to explore the function and mechanism of RAB27A and RAB27B in BCa development. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that RAB27A/B showed high expression in BCa tissues and cells. Cell counting kit‐8, wound healing and Transwell assays as well as western blot analyses revealed that silencing RAB27A/B suppressed BCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Based on bioinformatics analysis and our experiments, microRNA‐186‐5p (miR‐186‐5p) was found to be the upstream miRNA of RAB27A/B in BCa. MiR‐186‐5p expression was significantly downregulated in BCa cells and tissues. MiR‐186‐5p directly targeted the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of RAB27A/B and downregulated both mRNA and protein levels of RAB27A/B in BCa cells. MiR‐186‐5p overexpression suppressed BCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as the EMT process in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Overexpressing RAB27A/B rescued the inhibitory effect of miR‐186‐5p on malignant phenotypes of BCa cells. Furthermore, miR‐186‐5p inactivated the phosphatidylinositol 3‐Kinase (PI3K)/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway by downregulating the expression of RAB27A/B, as shown in western blot analysis. Overall, miR‐186‐5p suppressed BCa cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT process and inhibited xenograft tumor growth by targeting RAB27A/B to inactivate the PI3K/MAPK signaling.
Demethoxycurcumin induces apoptosis in HER2 overexpressing bladder cancer cells through degradation of HER2 and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Kao Chien‐Chang , Cheng Yi‐Ching , Yang Ming‐Hsin , Cha Tai‐Lung , Sun Guang‐Huan , Ho Chi‐Tang , Lin Ying‐Chao , Wang Hao‐Kuang , Wu Sheng‐Tang , Way Tzong‐Der 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract and arising from the epithelial lining of the urinary bladder. Resistance to cytotoxic therapies is associated with overexpression of oncogenic proteins; including HER2, and Akt in chemotherapy resistance of bladder cancer. Various studies demonstrated that curcuminoids, the most important active phenolic compounds of turmeric (Curcuma longa), have anti‐tumor activities in a wide range of human malignant cell lines. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin (DMC), and bisdemethoxycurcumin) could repress the expression of HER2 in HER2‐overexpressing bladder cancer cells. Among the test compounds, DMC significantly suppressed the expression of HER2, and preferentially inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HER2‐overexpressing bladder cancer cells. DMC decreases HER2 level through inhibiting the interaction of HER2 and Hsp90. Our study also indicated that DMC showed additive activity in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, including paclitaxel and cisplatin. These findings show that DMC should be developed further as a new antitumor drug candidate for treatment of HER2‐overexpressing bladder cancer.
Non‐thymoma‐associated exfoliative dermatitis in a European shorthair cat: A case report
Authors: Szczepanik Marcin , Wilkołek Piotr , Śmiech Anna , Kalisz Grzegorz 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe current case report presents a case of non‐thymoma‐associated exfoliative dermatitis in an 8‐year‐old European Shorthair female cat. The animal displayed extensive alopecia and excessive peeling of the epidermis. There were no other apparent disorders, except for the skin lesions. Roentgenographic and sonographic examinations, complete blood count and blood serum chemistry analyses, and skin biopsy were performed. The histopathological investigation revealed hyperkeratosis of the epidermis and the infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages at the dermal‐epidermal junction around the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Moreover, edema of the basal layer and melanin migration from the epidermis to the dermis were observed. The patient underwent treatment with immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone, antibiotic therapy, and baths in anti‐seborrheic shampoos and displayed resolution. However, recurrence was observed after one month. Consequently, the patient received cyclosporine A, in addition to the aforementioned treatment and the lesions resolved without relapse.
Comparison of mtDNA control region among descendant breeds of the extinct Zaupel sheep revealed haplogroup C and D in Central Europe
Authors: Gáspárdy András , Berger Beate , Zabavnik‐Piano Jelka , Kovács Endre , Annus Kata , Zenke Petra , Sáfár László , Maróti‐Agóts Ákos 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe consideration of the descendance is indispensable in the preservation of endangered animal breeds.The authors compared mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequence in three descendant breeds of the extinct Zaupel sheep, firstly. Their investigation was carried out in order to prove the common origin of Waldschaf (Austria), Bovec sheep (Slovenia) and Cikta (Hungary).A total of 118 biological samples were taken from non‐related representatives of the three breeds between 2015 and 2017. A newly designed primer pair was also used to amplify the segment (1180 bp) to be tested.The total number of haplotypes in the whole study population was 49. The majority of which fell into haplogroup B. The significant negative value of the Fu's Fs statistic (Fs statistic = −3.296, p = 0.013) based on haplotype frequencies demonstrated a moderate foreign gene flow. As a novel observation haplogroups C and D appeared in Cikta and Bovec sheep, respectively. The Tajima D‐test value in the entire study population was −0.914 (p > 0.10), meaning that the separation of the three descendant breeds did not cause genetic drift, these are collectively in genetic equilibrium.The genetic information confirmed the common origin of the breeds known from the breed history.
Low occurrence of Salmonella spp. in wild birds from a Swiss rehabilitation centre
Authors: Vogler Barbara R. , Zurfluh Katrin , Mattmann Prisca , Schmitt Kira , Albini Sarah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundSalmonella are bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae with a wide host range. Infection in birds causes subclinical disease to mass mortality events. Wild birds may act as healthy carriers posing a hazard to livestock and humans. The present study investigated the occurrence of Salmonella in wild birds admitted to a rehabilitation centre in order to assess the exposure of the staff to this zoonotic pathogen.MethodsFaecal swabs of 552 avian patients (68 species) were collected over the course of 12 months. Each sample was propagated in enrichment broth and subsequently incubated on a RAPID'Salmonella plate. Salmonella isolates were serotyped, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed.ResultsSix Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) and 1 S. Schleissheim were detected; all were pansusceptible to the antibiotics tested.ConclusionDespite the low positive rate in the tested population, the authors recommend applying protective equipment and hygiene measures when handling wild birds.
The Universal Thermal Climate Index as an Operational Forecasting Tool of Human Biometeorological Conditions in Europe
Authors: Di Napoli Claudia , Messeri Alessandro , Novák Martin , Rio João , Wieczorek Joanna , Morabito Marco , Silva Pedro , Crisci Alfonso , Pappenberger Florian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn operational weather forecasting standard environmental parameters, such as air temperature and humidity, are traditionally used to predict thermal conditions in the future. These parameters, however, are not enough to describe the thermal stress induced by the outdoor environment to the human body as they neglect the human heat budget and personal characteristics (e.g. clothing). The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) overcomes these limitations by using an advanced thermo-physiological model coupled with a state-of-the-art clothing model. Several systems have been recently developed to operationally forecast human biometeorological conditions via the UTCI, i.e. by computing UTCI from the forecasts of air temperature, humidity, wind speed and radiation as provided by numerical weather prediction models. Here we describe the UTCI-based forecasting systems developed in Czech Republic, Italy, Poland, Portugal and at the pan-European scale. Their characteristics are illustrated and their potential as warning systems for thermal hazards discussed.
A bestiary of black holes on the conifold with fluxes
Authors: Buchel Alex 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of the black holes on warped deformed conifold with fluxes in Type IIB supergravity. These black holes realize the holographic dual to thermal states of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 supersymmetric SU(N) × SU(N + M) cascading gauge theory of Klebanov et al. [1, 2] on round S3. There are three distinct mass scales in the theory: the strong coupling scale Λ of the cascading gauge theory, the compactification scale μ = 1/L3 (related to the S3 radius L3) and the temperature T of a thermal state. Depending on Λ, μ and T, there is an intricate pattern of confinement/deconfinement (Hawking-Page) and the chiral symmetry breaking phase transitions. In the S3 → ℝ3 decompactification limit, i.e., μ → 0, we recover the Klebanov-Tseytlin [3] and the Klebanov-Strassler [4] black branes.
Multi-spin soft bootstrap and scalar-vector Galileon
Authors: Kampf Karol , Novotný Jiří , Přeučil Filip , Trnka Jaroslav 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We use the amplitude soft bootstrap method to explore the space of effective field theories (EFT) of massless vectors and scalars. It is known that demanding vanishing soft limits fixes uniquely a special class of EFTs: non-linear sigma model, scalar Galileon and Born-Infeld theories. Based on the amplitudes analysis, we conjecture no-go theorems for higher-derivative vector theories and theories with coupled vectors and scalars. We then allow for more general soft theorems where the non-trivial part of the soft limit of the (n+1)-pt amplitude is equal to a linear combination of n-pt amplitudes. We derive the form of these soft theorems for general power-counting and spins of particles and use it as an input into the soft bootstrap method in the case of Galileon power-counting and coupled scalar-vector theories. We show that this unifies the description of existing Galileon theories and leads us to the discovery of a new exceptional theory: Special scalar-vector Galileon.
Lüscher-corrections for 1-particle form-factors in non-diagonally scattering integrable quantum field theories
Authors: Hegedűs Árpád 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper we derive from field theory a Lüscher-formula, which gives the leading exponentially small in volume corrections to the 1-particle form-factors in non-diagonally scattering integrable quantum field theories. Our final formula is expressed in terms of appropriate expressions of 1- and 3-particle form-factors, and can be considered as the generalization of previous results obtained for diagonally scattering bosonic integrable quantum field theories. Since our formulas are also valid for fermions and operators with non-zero Lorentz-spin, we demonstrated our results in the Massive Thirring Model, and checked our formula against 1-loop perturbation theory finding perfect agreement.
High-pressure behavior of disordered kesterite-type Cu2ZnSnS4
Authors: Efthimiopoulos Ilias , Küllmey Tim , Speziale Sergio , Pakhomova Anna S. , Quennet Marcel , Paulus Beate , Ritscher Anna , Lerch Martin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe have investigated the high-pressure structural and vibrational behavior of the disordered kesterite-type Cu2ZnSnS4 compound at ambient temperature. Our experimental and theoretical investigations have revealed a clear structural transition to a GeSb-type phase close to 15 GPa, a tetragonally distorted variant of the NaCl-type phase. The latter transformation is accompanied by a cationic coordination increase from fourfold to sixfold with respect to the sulfur anions. In addition, a change in the compressibility rate was detected at about 8 GPa within the pressure stability range of the disordered kesterite-type phase. Upon decompression, a disordered zinc blende/sphalerite structure is recovered. We discuss our findings in close conjunction with our recent high-pressure work on the ordered Cu2ZnSnS4 modification.
Counting Salem Numbers of Arithmetic Hyperbolic 3-Orbifolds
Authors: Belolipetsky Mikhail , Lalín Matilde , Murillo Plinio G. P. , Thompson Lola 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIt is known that the lengths of closed geodesics of an arithmetic hyperbolic orbifold are related to Salem numbers. We initiate a quantitative study of this phenomenon. We show that any non-compact arithmetic 3-dimensional orbifold defines $$c Q^{1/2} + O(Q^{1/4})$$

c

Q

1
/
2

+
O

(

Q

1
/
4

)

square-rootable Salem numbers of degree 4 which are less than or equal to Q. This quantity can be compared to the total number of such Salem numbers, which is shown to be asymptotic to $$\frac{4}{3}Q^{3/2}+O(Q)$$

4
3

Q

3
/
2

+
O

(
Q
)

. Assuming the gap conjecture of Marklof, we can extend these results to compact arithmetic 3-orbifolds. As an application, we obtain lower bounds for the strong exponential growth of mean multiplicities in the geodesic spectrum of non-compact even dimensional arithmetic orbifolds. Previously, such lower bounds had only been obtained in dimensions 2 and 3.
Raman imaging of Micrasterias: new insights into shape formation
Authors: Felhofer Martin , Mayr Konrad , Lütz-Meindl Ursula , Gierlinger Notburga 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe algaeMicrasteriaswith its star-shaped cell pattern is a perfect unicellular model system to study morphogenesis. How the indentations are formed in the primary cell wall at exactly defined areas puzzled scientists for decades, and they searched for chemical differences in the primary wall of the extending tips compared to the resting indents. We now tackled the question by Raman imaging and scanned in situ Micrasteriascells at different stages of development. Thousands of Raman spectra were acquired from the mother cell and the developing semicell to calculate chemical images based on an algorithm finding the most different Raman spectra. Each of those spectra had characteristic Raman bands, which were assigned to molecular vibrations of BaSO4, proteins, lipids, starch, and plant cell wall carbohydrates. Visualizing the cell wall carbohydrates revealed a cell wall thickening at the indentations of the primary cell wall of the growing semicell and uniplanar orientation of the cellulose microfibrils to the cell surface in the secondary cell wall. Crystalline cellulose dominated in the secondary cell wall spectra, while in the primary cell wall spectra, also xyloglucan and pectin were reflected. Spectral differences between the indent and tip region of the primary cell wall were scarce, but a spectral mixing approach pointed to more cellulose fibrils deposited in the indent region. Therefore, we suggest that cell wall thickening together with a denser network of cellulose microfibrils stiffens the cell wall at the indent and induces different cell wall extensibility to shape the lobes.
A note on organizational structure and environmental liability
Authors: Franckx Laurent , de Vries Frans P. , White Ben 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper employs a multi-task principal-agent model to examine how a corporation’s organizational structure and liability rules for environmental damages affect the incentive schemes offered to managers. We derive environmental liability rules for risk averse managers under two alternative organizational structures: a product-based organization (PBO) and functional-based organization (FBO). For a PBO, it is shown that efficiency is independent of whether the firm or managers are liable for environmental damages; in a FBO it is optimal either to hold the firm liable for environmental damages or, equivalently, to only hold the environmental managers liable for damages. It is also shown that the two organizational structures are equally efficient when there is no correlation between environmental damages from products and no spillover between managerial effort across products or functions. Numerical results further reveal that beneficial spillovers between functions for the same product favours a PBO over a FBO; beneficial spillovers across functions favours a FBO.
Pathways to performance in undergraduate medical students: role of conscientiousness and the perceived educational environment
Authors: Schrempft S. , Piumatti G. , Gerbase M. W. , Baroffio A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study examined conscientiousness and the perceived educational environment as independent and interactive predictors of medical students’ performance within Biggs’ theoretical model of learning. Conscientiousness, the perceived educational environment, and learning approaches were assessed at the beginning of the third year in 268 medical students at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Performance was examined at the end of the third year via a computer-based assessment (CBA) and the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Path analysis was used to test the proposed model, whereby conscientiousness and the perceived educational environment predicted performance directly and indirectly via students’ learning approaches. A second model included interaction effects. The proposed model provided the best fit and explained 45% of the variance in CBA performance, and 23% of the variance in OSCE performance. Conscientiousness positively predicted CBA performance directly (β = 0.19, p < 0.001) and indirectly via a deep learning approach (β = 0.05, p = 0.012). The perceived educational environment positively predicted CBA performance indirectly only (β = 0.02, p = 0.011). Neither conscientiousness nor the perceived educational environment predicted OSCE performance. Model 2 had acceptable, but less optimal fit. In this model, there was a significant cross-over interaction effect (β = 0.16, p < 0.01): conscientiousness positively predicted OSCE performance when perceptions of the educational environment were the most positive, but negatively predicted performance when perceptions were the least positive. The findings suggest that both conscientiousness and perceptions of the educational environment predict CBA performance. Research should further examine interactions between personality traits and the medical school environment to inform strategies aimed at improving OSCE performance.
A Pilot Study of a Mobile Intervention to Support Mental Health and Adherence Among Adolescents Living with HIV in Western Kenya
Authors: Chory Ashley , Callen Grant , Nyandiko Winstone , Njoroge Tabitha , Ashimosi Celestine , Aluoch Josephine , Scanlon Michael , McAteer Carole , Apondi Edith , Vreeman Rachel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMobile technologies represent potentially novel and scalable intervention delivery platforms for adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a prospective, mixed methods pilot study to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the WhatsApp® platform to deliver individual counseling services and facilitate peer support for ALWH in western Kenya. Thirty ALWH (17 female, mean age 15.4) on ART, engaged in HIV care and aware of their status, were enrolled. After 6 months, participants described their experiences with the intervention. Treatment adherence, stigma, and mental and behavioral health were assessed prospectively. Participants reported overall positive experiences and indicated that the platform encouraged peer network development. They endorsed potential benefits for treatment adherence, stigma reduction, and mental and behavioral health. All participants supported intervention expansion. In western Kenya, WhatsApp® was an acceptable and feasible platform for mobile counseling and peer support for ALWH.