bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep quality and anxiety symptoms in Egyptian children and adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: El Refay Amira Sayed , Hashem Shaimaa A. , Mostafa Hend H. , Kamel Iman H. , Sherif Lobna S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus Disease Pandemic 2019 has a pervasive effect on all health aspects include psychological and mental health. This study aimed to assess the hidden stressful impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Egyptian children and adolescents’ lifestyles 2 months after lockdown in Egypt by detecting symptoms of anxiety and sleep disorders. Online questionnaire was used by snowball sampling approach 2 months after lockdown targeting children and adolescents.

Results
The overall mean Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children score (SDSC) in participated groups was 44.6 ± 11.72. Of 765 participants 502 (65.6%) showed the symptoms suggestive of sleep disorder. Disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep were the most common among participants as 168 (33.4%) of them were suffering from it while 79 (15.7%) children were suffering from excessive somnolence. Linear stepwise regression revealed that anxiety score, understanding safety measures, and following strict quarantine measures significantly predicted SDSC (p = 0.001, 0.009, 0.046). Significant positive correlations were found between SDSC and extra screen usage, understanding safety and quarantine measures, anxiety signs, and change in child lifestyle with (p = 0.029, 0.010, 0.001 and 0.001) sequentially. Significant positive correlation was found between family income affection, SDSC, and anxiety with p value (00.001, 00.4).

Conclusion
Child deprived of his or her normal lifestyle is vulnerable to develop anxiety symptoms and sleep disturbances. Low income, extra screen time, and restricted quarantine measures are all contributing factors that influence children and adolescent’s mental health.
Association between iron and folic acid supplementation and birth weight in Ethiopia: systemic review and meta analysis
Authors: Zenebe Andualem , Tegegne Kaleab Tesfaye , Bifato Berhanu , Assefa Abiyu Ayalew 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies on iron with folic acid supplementation and low birth weight indicated different findings. The aim of the current systemic review and meta-analysis was to examine the relationship between iron and folic acid supplementation and birth weight in Ethiopia.Main bodyThe databases searched were PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Cochrane Library in January 2021. AZ, KTT and AAA carried out the data extraction and independently assessed the articles for inclusion in the review using risk-of-bias tool guided by PRISMA checklist. The combined Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated using random effect model. Twenty four observational studies involving 10,989 participants, 2423 newborns who were born LBW were included. The combined effect size (OR) for low birth weight comparing women who have Iron and Folic acid supplementation versus women who did not have iron and folic acid supplementation was 0.39 (95% CI 0.27–0.59,p < 0.00001, I2 = 91%). There was significant heterogeneity (Q = 264.16, I2 = 91%,p < 0.00001). No publication bias was observed (Egger’s test:p = 0.742, Begg’s test:p = 0.372). Overall 69.5% of women reported having iron and folic acid supplementation during current pregnancy. And the overall proportion of low birth weight was 22.1%.ConclusionsWomen who were supplied with iron and folic acid during pregnancy had a 67% decreased chance of delivering low birth weight new born in Ethiopia.
Estimation for two exponential life time models under joint multiply type-II censoring
Authors: Gadhvi Neha K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractVarious types of censoring schemes basically type-I and type-II censoring schemes and their modified versions are used in life testing experiments. Most of the tests used in life testing experiments are based on a single sample. A joint censoring scheme is quite useful in conducting comparative life tests of products from different units within the same facility. In this article, we consider two exponential life time models under joint multiply type-II censoring scheme, which is a generalization of usual type-II censoring scheme, implemented on the two samples. We have considered maximum likelihood estimation and Bayesian estimation for estimating the reliability of the product under such a censoring scheme. The results are compared with the results obtained under usual type-II censoring scheme. In Bayes estimation the effect of prior parameters on mean life time and reliability of the product is discussed. We have used the local influence approach for identifying observations that strike a disproportionate effect in the maximum likelihood estimate of the reliability in the model. The life time data set of air-conditioning systems of two Boeing 720 jet airplanes “7914” and “7913” are used to apply the theory developed in the paper.
Post-traumatic stress disorder following COVID-19 pandemic among medical students in Riyadh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ifthikar Zainab , Fakih Saima Sajjad , Johnson Saumy , Alex Johnson 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn recent times, COVID-19 has been recognized as a public health emergency and thus far, most papers published on it are focused only on the clinical characteristics of infected patients. This pandemic has also made phenomenal emotional impact among the young and the old. We aimed to find out the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological well-being of medical students in a University at Riyadh.ResultsThere were 309 participants in the study. Out of them 44% did not have PTSD, 29% had score more than 37 which might contribute to immune suppression, in 18.4% PTSD was a clinical concern and 8.6% had probable PTSD. Female participants were the majority in the group and they also had higher chance of having consequences than the male counterparts (P< 0.001). Avoidance score between male and female gender was significantly different.ConclusionCOVID-19 pandemic has not just affected the physiological functioning of the affected individuals but also has had a probable post-traumatic stress disorder among young college students. Screening for psychological well-being and the treatment for PTSD is imperative in college, school and general population.
Molecular Epidemiological Surveillance of CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from the patients of a teaching hospital.
Authors: Muzaheed Muzaheed , Sattar Shaikh Naveed , Sattar Shaikh Saeed , Acharya Sadananda , Sarwar Moosa Shajiya , Habeeb Shaikh Mohammad , M. Alzahrani Faisal , Ibrahim Alomar Amer 
Published: July 2021

Background The presence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) positive bacteria in hospital setting is an aggravating influential factor for hospitalized patients, and its consequences may be hazardous. Therefore, there is a need for rapid detection methods for newly emerging drug-resistant bacteria. This study was aimed at the molecular characterization of ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates recovered from clinical samples. Methods A total of 513 K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained from various clinical samples during June 2019 to May 2020. The collected isolates were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility (antibiogram), and PCR and DNA sequencing were performed to analyse the ESBL genes. Results Among the 513 isolates, as many as 359 (69.9%) were ESBL producers and 87.5% were multi-drug resistant, while none had resistance to imipenem. PCR scored 3% blaTEM, 3% blaSHV, and 60% blaCTX-M-15 genes for the tested isolates. Conclusion The study showed that CTX-M-15 was the major prevalent ESBL type among the isolates. Additionally, all the isolates were susceptible to carbapenems. Screening and detection of ESBL tests are necessary among all isolates from the enterobacteriaceae family in routine microbiology laboratory to prevent associated nosocomial infections. A larger study is essential to understand molecular epidemiology of ESBL producing organisms to minimize morbidities due to these multidrug resistant organisms.
Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review
Authors: Glennie Miriam , Gardner Karen , Dowden Michelle , Currie Bart J. 
Published: July 2021

Background
Crusted scabies is endemic in some remote Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia and carries a high mortality risk. Improvement in active case detection (ACD) for crusted scabies is hampered by a lack of evidence about best practice. We therefore conducted a systematic review of ACD methods for leprosy, a condition with similar ACD requirements, to consider how findings could be informative to crusted scabies detection.

Methods and principle findings
We conducted systematic searches in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and the Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews for studies published since 1999 that reported at least one comparison rate (detection or prevalence rate) against which the yield of the ACD method could be assessed. The search yielded 15 eligible studies from 511. Study heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. Contact tracing and community screening of marginalised ethnic groups yielded the highest new case detection rates. Rapid community screening campaigns, and those using less experienced screening personnel, were associated with lower suspect confirmation rates. There is insufficient data to assess whether ACD campaigns improve treatment outcomes or disease control.

Conclusion
This review demonstrates the importance of ACD campaigns in communities facing the highest barriers to healthcare access and within neighbourhoods of index cases. The potential benefit of ACD for crusted scabies is not quantified, however, lessons from leprosy suggest value in follow-up with previously identified cases and their close contacts to support for scabies control and to reduce the likelihood of reinfection in the crusted scabies case. Skilled screening personnel and appropriate community engagement strategies are needed to maximise screening uptake. More research is needed to assess ACD cost effectiveness, impact on disease control, and to explore ACD methods capable of capturing the homeless and highly mobile who may be missed in household centric models.
Prognostic value of baseline carotid blood flow in critically ill children with septic shock
Authors: Mamdouh Fatma , Bazaraa Hafez , Baz Ahmed , Algebaly HebatAllah Fadel 
Published: July 2021

Background and aim
Hemodynamic monitoring and cardiac output (CO) assessment in the ICU have been trending toward less invasive methods. Carotid blood flow (CBF) was suggested as a candidate for CO assessment. The present study aimed to test the value of carotid artery ultrasound analysis in prediction of mortality in pediatric patients with septic shock.

Methodology/Principal finding
Forty children with septic shock were included in the study. Upon admission, patients were subjected to careful history taking and thorough clinical examination. The consciousness level was assessed by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Laboratory assessment included complete blood count, C-reactive protein, arterial blood gases, serum electrolytes, and liver and kidney function tests. Electrical cardiometry was used to evaluate hemodynamic parameters. Patients were also subjected to transthoracic 2-D echocardiography. CBF was evaluated using GE Vivid S5 ultrasound device through dedicated software. At the end of study, 14 patients (35.0%) died. It was found that survivors had significantly higher CBF when compared non-survivors [median (IQR): 166.0 (150.0–187.3) versus 141.0 (112.8–174.3), p = 0.033]. In addition, it was noted that survivors had longer ICU stay when compared with non-survivors [16.5 (9.8–31.5) versus 6.5 (3.0–19.5) days, p = 0.005]. ROC curve analysis showed that CBF could significantly distinguish survivors from non-survivors [AUC (95% CI): 0.3 (0.11–0.48), p = 0.035] (Fig 2). Univariate logistic regression analysis identified type of shock [OR (95% CI): 28.1 (4.9–162.4), p<0.001], CI [OR (95% CI): 0.6 (0.43–0.84), p = 0.003] and CBF [OR (95% CI): 0.98 (0.96–0.99), p = 0.031]. However, in multivariate analysis, only type of shock significantly predicted mortality.

Conclusions
CBF assessment may be a useful prognostic marker in children with septic shock.
Significance of serum FGF-23 for risk assessment of contrast-associated acute kidney injury and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary angiography
Authors: Huang Shao-Sung , Huang Po-Hsun , Leu Hsin-Bang , Wu Tao-Cheng , Chen Jaw-Wen , Lin Shing-Jong 
Published: July 2021

Background
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 levels rise as kidney function declines. Whether elevated FGF-23 levels are associated with an increased risk for contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients undergoing coronary angiography remain uncertain.

Methods
In total, 492 patients receiving coronary angiography were enrolled. Their serum FGF-23 levels were measured before administration of contrast media. The occurrence of CA-AKI was defined as a rise in serum creatinine of 0.5 mg/dL or a 25% increase from the baseline value within 48 h after the procedure. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year or until the occurrence of MACE including death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemic stroke.

Results
Overall, CA-AKI occurred in 41 (8.3%) patients. During a median follow-up of 2.6 years, there were 24 deaths, 3 nonfatal MIs, and 7 ischemic strokes. Compared with those in the lowest FGF-23 tertile, individuals in the highest FGF-23 tertile had a significantly higher incidence of CA-AKI (P < 0.001) and lower incidence of MACE-free survival (P = 0.001). In multivariate regression analysis, higher FGF-23 level was found to be independently associated with a graded risk for CA-AKI (OR per doubling, 1.90; 95% CI 1.48–2.44) and MACE (HR per doubling, 1.25; 95% CI 1.02–1.52).

Conclusions
Elevated FGF-23 levels were associated with an increased risk for CA-AKI and future MACE among patients undergoing coronary angiography. FGF-23 may play a role in early diagnosis of CA-AKI and predicting clinical outcomes after coronary angiography.
The combined effect of Covid-19 and neighbourhood deprivation on two dimensions of subjective well-being: Empirical evidence from England
Authors: Bonomi Bezzo Franco , Silva Laura , van Ham Maarten 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesThe Covid-19 pandemic is hitting societies hard, and people living in disadvantaged circumstances are among the most affected. We investigate the combined effects of the Covid-19 crisis and living in a deprived neighbourhood on two dimensions of subjective well-being: hedonic (i.e. mental health) and evaluative (i.e. life satisfaction) subjective well-being.MethodsWe use longitudinal data from the Understanding Society UK panel. We combine data gathered in the main survey between 2015 and 2019 with very recent data from the Covid-19 online survey between April and July 2020. Leveraging a sample of nearly 9,600 English individuals, we first run a set of cross-sectional OLS regressions to analyse changes over time in the relationship between neighbourhood deprivation and subjective well-being. Then, as our main model of interest, we use a fixed effect difference-in-differences model to provide more robust evidence.ResultsSince the beginning of the crisis, both levels of hedonic and evaluative well-being have decreased as a result of the pandemic and lockdown. However, for those living in more deprived neighbourhoods the level of hedonic well-being decreased more than for those living in better areas. We found no such difference for evaluative well-being.ConclusionOur results highlight the importance of reducing neighbourhood inequalities as the spatial clustering of disadvantages has increased by the pandemic.
The effect of salinity on aspects of the early development of the kelp species Undaria pinnatifida and Saccorhiza polyschides
Authors: Crane Victoria M. , Racault Marie-Fanny , Fletcher Robert L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
It is likely that the introduction of the brown macroalga Undaria pinnatfida from the Pacific into the North Atlantic will impact competitively on the native species Saccorhiza polyschides; both are large kelps occupying the same subtidal zone with very similar life histories. The present study examines their tolerance to changes in salinity, under laboratory conditions, in order to provide a better understanding of their respective competitiveness in an estuarine environment. Experiments were carried out over a full range of salinity values, from 35 to 0, with respect to zoospore settlement and attachment, germination, post-germination progression to form gametophytes, gametophyte sex ratio, sporophyte production and blade length. Undaria zoospores settled and attached over the salinity range from 35 to 14 and germinated between 35 and 3.5. Post-germination progression occurred over the range from 35 to 14 whilst only small differences in the male/female ratio were recorded. Sporophyte blade production and development occurred over the range from 35 to 17.5 and peak production and longest blade length was recorded at 21. Saccorhiza zoospores settled and attached at and above 24.5 and germinated between 35 and 21. Sporophyte production and blade development occurred over the range from 35 to 24.5. In general, Undaria was shown to be much more tolerant of reductions in salinity compared to Saccorhiza and is more likely to penetrate further into estuarine environments.
Green energy transaction assessment on individual customer based on power factor correction coefficient
Authors: Raj Puneet , Pal Kirti 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper Power factor correction coefficient based transmission pricing is proposed to analyze an individual customer’s effect due to green energy transactions in existing power system. In this novel approach power factor correction coefficient is calculated for each customer under every transaction. This power factor correction coefficient is then added in conventional embedded cost distance based MW-mile and MVA-mile method for transmission pricing calculation for both active and reactive power flow through transmission line. This new proposed transmission pricing method calculate transmission charges for each customer and also help an ISO (independent system operator) to decide whether transaction increases or decreases the transmission cost. On the basis of performance of transaction an ISO can penalize or reward them. Proposed analysis is implemented on a 3-area IEEE-30 bus system with seven tie-lines in MATLAB environment. To show the effectiveness of the proposed method the results are compared with and without power factor correction based transmission pricing for each customer.
The individualized, accompanied transition program “TraiN” for adolescent kidney patients – a local initiative
Authors: Collette Paula , Klein Luisa C. , Körner Lisa M. , Ernst Gundula , Brengmann Sandra , Schäuble Julian , Habbig Sandra , Weber Lutz T. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Since the transition from pediatric and adolescent to adult care often proceeds unaccompanied and unplanned, young patients with chronic kidney disease may experience health risks and non-adherence after the transfer. The psychosocial team at the Department of Pediatric Nephrology at the University Hospital of Cologne has therefore developed its local transition program “TraiN” for patients with chronic kidney disease aged 13 years and older. It combines structure and flexibility through predefined content modules that can be individually adapted to the patients, offering continuity and sustainability through a transition contact person. In addition, the family members are offered regular psychological consultations. The timing of the transfer is chosen individually depending on the level of psychosocial and medical transition readiness. The aim of “TraiN” is to strengthen the patients’ transition competence and the responsibility for their disease management and to provide them and their families the best possible support during the transition in order to prevent possible health risks. In the near future, a scientific evaluation will be conducted aiming to determine whether “TraiN” can support young people in their independence and self-reliant disease management.
A Theory of Partial Property Rights and the Illusion of State-Owned Enterprises
Authors: Sheng Hong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
China’s State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) enjoy many special benefits. They do not turn over profits and rents to the state, they pay much less interests than other enterprises in their use of capital, they enjoy monopolistic power in the marketplace, incomes of SOE employees, including managers, are free of policy restrictions. Because these substantial interests are not transferrable to individuals, competition exists for them. Compared with executives of private enterprise, senior managers of SOEs are 94 times more likely of being convicted of a crime. High benefits enjoyed by senior managers of SOEs come with a great risk. Once the illusion of SOEs is punctured, SOE leaders with higher education and long-term visions may become the driving force of SOE reform.
High laser induced damage threshold photoresists for nano-imprint and 3D multi-photon lithography
Authors: Kabouraki Elmina , Melissinaki Vasileia , Yadav Amit , Melninkaitis Andrius , Tourlouki Konstantina , Tachtsidis Theodoros , Kehagias Nikolaos , Barmparis Georgios D. , Papazoglou Dimitris G. , Rafailov Edik , Farsari Maria 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Optics manufacturing technology is predicted to play a major role in the future production of integrated photonic circuits. One of the major drawbacks in the realization of photonic circuits is the damage of optical materials by intense laser pulses. Here, we report on the preparation of a series of organic–inorganic hybrid photoresists that exhibit enhanced laser-induced damage threshold. These photoresists showed to be candidates for the fabrication of micro-optical elements (MOEs) using three-dimensional multiphoton lithography. Moreover, they demonstrate pattern ability by nanoimprint lithography, making them suitable for future mass production of MOEs.
PEMBUATAN SENYAWA BERTANDA 131I-MIBG DENGAN PENINGKATAN DOSIS TERAPI
Authors: Maskur Maskur , Chairuman Chairuman , Sugiharto Yono , Fauziah Asyikin Khoirunnisa , Triningsih Triningsih , Sulaiman Sulaiman 
Published: July 2021

PEMBUATAN SENYAWA BERTANDA 131I-MIBG DENGAN PENINGKATAN DOSIS TERAPI. Senyawa bertanda 131I-MIBG telah berhasil diproduksi di Indonesia. Namun, konsentrasi radioaktivitas dan dosis radioaktivitas per botol masih kecil jika dibandingkan dengan produk komersial dari luar negeri yang beredar di pasaran. Saat ini, dosis radioaktivitas = 25 mCi/vial dan konsentrasi = 5 mCi/mL. Permasalahan yang dihadapi jika konsentrasi radioaktivitas dan dosis radioaktivitas per vial ditingkatkan maka produk menjadi tidak stabil dan terurai karena dampak radiolisis. Produk komersial global umumnya dosis radioaktivitas =100 mCi/vial dan konsentrasi 10 mCi/mL. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan upaya peningkatan (scale up) konsentrasi dan dosis radioaktivitas per vial. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan meningkatkan jumlah benzyl alkohol dari 9 µL/mL menjadi 10 µL/mL larutan 131I-MIBG. Selain itu, penambahan buffer phosphat yang semula penambahannya dilakukan sebelum proses pemurnian dirubah menjadi setelah proses pemurnian. Hasil penandaan diperoleh 131I-MIBG sebanyak 153 – 254 mCi dengan randemen proses antara 33,60 - 51,94 %. Konsentrasi radioaktivitas cukup besar, yaitu antara 9,80 hingga 25,40 mCi/mL dengan dosis radioaktivitas 100 hingga 222 mCi/vial. Untuk menyesuaikan kebutuhan pasar maka 131I-MIBG produk BATAN dikemas dalam 100 mCi/vial dan konsentrasi 5-13 mCi/mL. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pembuatan senyawa bertanda 131I-MIBG dengan peningkatan dosis terapi telah berhasil dilakukan dengan baik.Kata kunci: Senyawa bertanda 131I-MIBG, konsentrasi radioaktivitas, dosis terapi.