bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ein „anderer Liberalismus“ für das 21. Jahrhundert – aber welcher? Neue Texte von und über Judith N. Shklar
Authors: Trimcev Rieke 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDer liberalen politischen Theorie von Judith N. Shklar wird zunehmend die Fähigkeit zugesprochen, Pfade aus der Krise der liberalen Demokratie zu weisen. Dabei lassen sich eine moderate und eine radikalere Lesart der demokratietheoretischen Anschlussfähigkeit von Shklars „Liberalismus der Furcht“ unterscheiden. Im ersten Teil des vorliegenden Aufsatzes werden diese Deutungen in der neueren Shklar-Forschung verortet; einen geeigneten Ausgangspunkt bildet die Debatte über die Frage, welche Gestaltbarkeitserwartungen Shklars skeptische politische Theorie an politisches Handeln formuliert. Zudem wird die Plausibilität der radikalen Lesart anhand der Frage diskutiert, inwiefern Shklar gewinnbringend als eine agonale Politiktheoretikerin gelesen werden kann. Im zweiten Teil werden neu edierte beziehungsweise übersetzte Texte von Shklar daraufhin befragt, welche Rückschlüsse sie auf die im ersten Teil betrachteten Debatten zulassen. Hier wird einerseits rekonstruiert, wie die Aufwertung der Demokratie im Werk von Shklar auch mit einer Aufwertung der Romantik und ihrer politiktheoretischen Ressourcen einhergeht. Andererseits wird anhand von Shklars Arbeiten über politische Verpflichtungen und zivilen Ungehorsam die behauptete Radikalität ihres Denkens abgewogen. Insgesamt plädiert der Aufsatz für die Vorzüge der moderaten demokratischen Lesart, die allerdings um einige Einsichten der radikalen Lesart erweitert werden kann.
Konflikte als Hoffnungsträger. Auseinandersetzungen um die postmigrantische Stadtgesellschaft
Authors: Großmann Katrin , Roskamm Nikolai , Budnik Maria , Haase Annegret , Hedtke Christoph , Kersting Norbert , Krahmer Alexander , Messerschmidt Sven , Müller Julian David , Resch Sina 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungAktuell werden Konflikte in der Migrationsdebatte neu bewertet. So wird ihr vermehrtes Auftreten als Zeichen für „gelingende Integration“ interpretiert. Konflikte sind hier als das Verbindungsband konzipiert, das offene, plurale Gesellschaften zusammenhalten kann. Zugetraut wird den Konflikten auch, dass sie einen Stimulus setzen für die demokratische Weiterentwicklung der als postmigrantisch bezeichneten Gesellschaft. Unser Artikel betrachtet in einem Literaturessay unterschiedliche Zugänge zu den Konflikten und bringt dabei einige der auf diesem Gebiet relevanten Forschungsbereiche zusammen. Wir erkunden, wie die Wirkung von Konflikten jeweils beschrieben beziehungsweise erklärt wird und berichten von Ansätzen der Konfliktsoziologie, der Migrationsforschung, der radikalen Demokratietheorie und der Stadtforschung. Konflikte, insbesondere migrationsbezogene Konflikte, erscheinen in der Gesamtbetrachtung als ein ambivalenter Hoffnungsträger, nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil ihre Ursachen multidimensional sind und weil sie sich mit den Wirkungen anderer Konfliktlinien (wie sozialer Ungleichheit) überlagern.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy in Peyronie’s Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bakr Ahmed M. , El-Sakka Ahmed I. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundPeyronie’s disease (PD) is associated with penile pain, deviation, and sexual dysfunction. Up till now, there is no conservative standard treatment for PD. However, the role of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) is gaining increasing interest.AimTo evaluate the effect of ESWT on penile deviation, plaque size, erectile function, pain scale, and the rate of complications in PD patients.MethodsPubMed database was searched for articles published from January 2000 to November 2020, using related keywords and including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) only. Meta-analysis and forest plots were carried out using RevMan, and outcomes were reviewed by 2 authors independently. PRISMA guidelines were used in this article to achieve the quantitative and qualitative synthesis of data.OutcomesChanges in penile deviation, plaque size, erectile function, pain scale, and the rate of ESWT related complications.RESULTSThe search yielded 73 articles. Three RCTs, including 117 patients in the ESWT group and 121 patients in the placebo group, were reviewed. ESWT is associated with reduction in plaque size (OR = 2.59, 95% CI (1.15–5.85), P= .02). No significant difference in reduction of penile deviation angle or rate of bruises were detected in post ESWT group when compared to placebo. No evidence was found to show an effect of ESWT on erectile function or pain scale.Clinical ImplicationsBased on the available RCTs, ESWT fails to improve penile curvature or pain in men with PD. Although ESWT may reduce plaque size, this remains of questionable clinical significance.Strengths & LimitationsRCTs used different metrics to report the same outcome. Missed data were imputed to match the requirements of meta-analysis. However, there is still much data that cannot be estimated.CONCLUSIONThe current data suggest that ESWT fails to improve penile curvature or pain in men with PD. Although ESWT may reduce plaque size, this remains of questionable clinical significance, and further studies are required to confirm findings.
A PROOF OF MERCA’S CONJECTURES ON SUMS OF ODD DIVISOR FUNCTIONS
Authors: LAKEIN KAYA , LARSEN ANNE 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMerca [‘Congruence identities involving sums of odd divisors function’, Proc. Rom. Acad. Ser. A Math. Phys. Tech. Sci. Inf. Sci.22(2) (2021), 119–125] posed three conjectures on congruences for specific convolutions of a sum of odd divisor functions with a generating function for generalised m-gonal numbers. Extending Merca’s work, we complete the proof of these conjectures.
APPetite: validation of a smartphone app-based tool for the remote measure of free-living subjective appetite
Authors: Holliday Adrian , Johnson Kelsie Olivia , Kaiseler Mariana , Crabtree Daniel R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study determined the validity, reproducibility and usability of a smartphone app – APPetite – for the measure of free-living, subjective appetite. Validity was assessed compared with the criterion tool of pen-and-paper visual analogue scale (VAS) (n 22). Appetite was recorded using APPetite and VAS, one immediately after the other, upon waking and every hour thereafter for 12 h. This was repeated the next day with the order of tool reversed. Agreement between tools was assessed using Bland–Altman analysis. Reproducibility and usability were assessed in a separate experiment (n 22) of two trials (APPetite v. VAS), separated by 7 d. Appetite was recorded in duplicate upon waking and every hour for 12 h using APPetite or VAS. Agreement between duplicate measures was assessed using Bland–Altman analysis and CV was compared between tools. Usability was assessed by comparing compliance and by qualitative evaluation. APPetite demonstrated good criterion validity with trivial bias of 1·65 units/mm·h–1 between APPetite- and VAS-derived AUC appetite scores. Limits of agreement were within a maximum allowed difference of 10 %. However, proportional bias was observed. APPetite demonstrated high reproducibility, with minimal bias (–0·578 units·h–1) and no difference in CV between APPetite and VAS (1·29 ± 1·42 % v. 1·54 ± 2·36 %, P = 0·64). Compliance was high with APPetite (92·7 ± 8·0 %) and VAS (91·6 ± 20·4 %, P = 0·81). Ninety percent of participants preferred APPetite, citing greater accessibility, simplified process and easier/quicker use. While proportional bias precludes using APPetite and VAS interchangeably, APPetite appears a valid, reproducible and highly usable tool for measuring free-living appetite in young-to-middle-aged adults.
Do Capital Requirements Make Banks Safer? Evidence From a Quasinatural Experiment
Authors: Bostandzic Denefa , Irresberger Felix , Juelsrud Ragnar E. , Weiß Gregor 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe use the EBA capital exercise of 2011 as a quasinatural experiment to investigate how capital requirements affect various measures of bank solvency risk. We show that, while regulatory measures of solvency improve, nonregulatory measures indicate a deterioration in bank solvency in response to higher capital requirements. The decline in bank solvency is driven by a permanent reduction in banks’ market value of equity. This finding is consistent with a reduction in bank profitability, rather than a repricing of bank equity due to a reduction of implicit and explicit too-big-too-fail guarantees. We then discuss alternative policies to improve bank solvency.
Characterization of a copper transporter 1 from Dermanyssus gallinae as a vaccine antigen
Authors: Fujisawa Sotaro , Murata Shiro , Isezaki Masayoshi , Ariizumi Takuma , Sato Takumi , Oishi Eiji , Taneno Akira , Maekawa Naoya , Okagawa Tomohiro , Ichii Osamu , Konnai Satoru , Ohashi Kazuhiko 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPoultry red mites (Dermanyssus gallinae, PRM) are dangerous ectoparasites that infest chickens and threaten the poultry industry worldwide. PRMs usually develop resistance to chemical acaricides, necessitating the development of more effective preventive agents, and vaccination could be an alternative strategy for controlling PRMs. The suitability of plasma membrane proteins expressed in the midguts as vaccine antigens was evaluated because these molecules are exposed to antibodies in the ingested blood and the binding of antibodies could potentially induce direct damage to midgut tissue and indirect damage via inhibition of the functions of target molecules. Therefore, in the present study, a copper transporter 1-like molecule (Dg-Ctr1) was identified and its efficacy as a vaccine antigen was assessed in vitro. Dg-Ctr1 mRNA was expressed in the midguts and ovaries and in all the life stages, and flow cytometric analysis indicated that Dg-Ctr1 was expressed on the plasma membrane. Importantly, nymphs fed on plasma derived from chickens immunized with the recombinant protein of the extracellular region of Dg-Ctr1 showed a significant reduction in the survival rate. These data indicate that the application of Dg-Ctr1 as a vaccine antigen could reduce the number of nymphs in the farms, contributing to reduction in the economic losses caused by PRMs in the poultry industry. To establish an effective vaccination strategy, the acaricidal effects of the combined use of Dg-Ctr1 with chemical acaricides or other vaccine antigens must be examined.
An exploration of gender and prolonged grief symptoms using network analysis
Authors: Maccallum F. , Lundorff M. , Johannsen M. , Farver-Vestergaard I. , O'Connor M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundGender has been proposed as a potentially important predictor of bereavement outcomes. The majority of research in the field has explored this issue by examining gender differences in global grief severity. Findings have been mixed. In this study, we explore potential gender differences in grief using network analysis. This approach examines how individual symptoms relate to and reinforce each other, and so offers potential to shed light on novel aspects of grief expression across genders.MethodGraphical lasso networks were constructed using self-report data from 839 spousally bereaved older participants (584 female, 255 male) collected at 2- and 11- months post-bereavement. Edge strength, node strength and global network strength were compared to identify similarities and differences between gender networks across time.ResultsAt both time points, the strongest connection for both genders was from yearning to pangs of grief. Yearning, pangs of grief, acceptance, bitterness and shock were prominent nodes at time 1. Numbness and meaninglessness emerged as prominent nodes at time 2. Males and females differed in the relative importance of shock at time 1, and the female network had greater overall strength than the male network at time 2.ConclusionsThis study identified many similarities and few differences in the relationships between prolonged grief symptoms for males and females. Findings suggest that future studies should examine alternate sources of variation in grief outcomes. Limitations are discussed.
Autistic traits and camouflaging behaviors: a cross-sectional investigation in a University student population
Authors: Dell’Osso Liliana , Cremone Ivan M. , Chiarantini Ilaria , Arone Alessandro , Massimetti Gabriele , Carmassi Claudia , Carpita Barbara 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing research is stressing the importance of identifying autistic traits (ATs) in clinical and general populations. University students may be a group at higher risk for the presence of ATs. Recently, specific attention has been paid to camouflaging strategies used by subjects in the autism spectrum in order to cope with the social environment. The aim of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of ATs and camouflaging behaviors in a population of University students.MethodsSubjects were requested to anonymously fill out through an online form the Adult Autism Subthreshold Spectrum and the Camouflaging AT Questionnaire.ResultsATs were more represented among males and among students of specific fields of study. Camouflaging behaviors were significantly more frequent among subjects with more severe autism spectrum symptoms, without differences depending from sex.ConclusionsOur study confirms the strong association between ATs and camouflaging behaviors and the relationship between ATs, sex, and specific fields of study.
Seismic Detection of Oceanic Internal Gravity Waves From Subaerial Seismometers
Authors: Shaddox Heather R. , Brodsky Emily E. , Ramp Steven R. , Davis Kristen A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOceanic internal gravity waves propagate along density stratification within the water column and are ubiquitous. They can propagate thousands of kilometers before breaking in shoaling bathymetry and the ensuing turbulent mixing affects coastal processes and climate feedbacks. Despite their importance, internal waves are intrinsically difficult to detect as they result in only minor amplitude deflection of the sea surface; the need for global detection and long time series of internal waves motivates a search for geophysical detection methods. The pressure coupling of a propagating internal wave with the sloping seafloor provides a potential mechanism to generate seismically observable signals. We use data from the South China Sea where exceptional oceanographic and satellite time series are available for comparison to identify internal wave signals in an onshore passive seismic data set for the first time. We analyze potential seismic signals on broadband seismometers in the context of corroborating oceanographic and satellite data available near Dongsha Atoll in May–June 2019 and find a promising correlation between transient seismic tilt signals and internal wave arrivals and collisions in oceanic and satellite data. It appears that we have successfully detected oceanic internal waves using a subaerial seismometer. This initial detection suggests that the onshore seismic detection and amplitude determination of oceanic internal waves is possible and can potentially be used to expand the historical record by capitalizing on existing island and coastal seismic stations.
The Seismicity of Indonesia and Tectonic Implications
Authors: Hutchings Sean J. , Mooney Walter D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIndonesian seismicity provides important insights into the tectonics and hazards of a region that is, characterized by a remarkable diversity in faulting, including subduction, extension, thrusting, and strike‐slip faulting. We present a synthesis of Indonesian seismotectonics by documenting the distributions of hypocenters (≥M 4.6) and focal mechanisms (≥M 5.0) over ∼20 years, quantifying seismicity rates, and comparing observed seismicity trends with recent tectonic and tomography models. Of the 20,622 events ≥M 4.6 observed in the study region, ∼77% are shallow (≤70 km depth) and of magnitudes <M 5.0 (68%). Sixty one events ≥M 7.0 occurred, five of which exceeded M 8.0, including the 2004 Mw 9.1 Sumatra‐Andaman earthquake. Regionally, about ∼320 ≥ M 5.0 earthquakes occur per year, and rates decrease exponentially with increasing temperatures and pressures between 50 and 300 km. Seismicity rates increase in the Mantle Transition Zone (MTZ) likely due to viscous resistance at the 410, 520, and 660 km discontinuities. Intermediate and deep events (≥70 km depth) trace the Wadati‐Benioff zones of several subducting slabs exhibiting geometries consistent with recent tomography models. Seismicity extends to a maximum depth of 678 km. Oblique convergence, lithospheric age, ambient mantle temperatures, and plate velocity likely contribute to the non‐uniform depth distribution of intermediate and deep earthquakes. Shallow seismicity provides insight into how complex oblique convergence is accommodated near the surface, with primary sources including megathrusting, crustal faulting, and shallow intraslab faulting. All sources of shallow seismicity constitute significant seismic hazards.
Automated Classification of Plasma Regions Using 3D Particle Energy Distributions
Authors: Olshevsky Vyacheslav , Khotyaintsev Yuri V. , Lalti Ahmad , Divin Andrey , Delzanno Gian Luca , Anderzén Sven , Herman Pawel , Chien Steven W. D. , Avanov Levon , Dimmock Andrew P. , Markidis Stefano 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigate the properties of the ion sky maps produced by the Dual Ion Spectrometers (DIS) from the Fast Plasma Investigation (FPI). We have trained a convolutional neural network classifier to predict four regions crossed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS) on the dayside magnetosphere: solar wind, ion foreshock, magnetosheath, and magnetopause using solely DIS spectrograms. The accuracy of the classifier is %. We use the classifier to detect mixed plasma regions, in particular to find the bow shock regions. A similar approach can be used to identify the magnetopause crossings and reveal regions prone to magnetic reconnection. Data processing through the trained classifier is fast and efficient and thus can be used for classification for the whole MMS database.
The ozone climate penalty, NAAQS attainment, and health equity along the Colorado Front Range
Authors: Crooks James L. , Licker Rachel , Hollis Adrienne L. , Ekwurzel Brenda 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhile ozone levels in the USA have decreased since the 1980s, the Denver Metro North Front Range (DMNFR) region remains in nonattainment of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS).ObjectiveTo estimate the warm season ozone climate penalty to characterize its impact on Colorado Front Range NAAQS attainment and health equity.MethodsMay to October ozone concentrations were estimated using spatio-temporal land-use regression models accounting for climate and weather patterns. The ozone climate penalty was defined as the difference between the 2010s concentrations and concentrations predicted using daily 2010s weather adjusted to match the 1950s climate, holding constant other factors affecting ozone formation.ResultsThe ozone climate penalty was 0.5–1.0 ppb for 8-h max ozone concentrations. The highest penalty was around major urban centers and later in the summer. The penalty was positively associated with census tract-level percentage of Hispanic/Latino residents, children living within 100–200% of the federal poverty level, and residents with asthma, diabetes, fair or poor health status, or lacking health insurance.SignificanceThe penalty increased the DMNFR ozone NAAQS design values, delaying extrapolated future attainment of the 2008 and 2015 ozone standards by approximately 2 years each, to 2025 and 2035, respectively.
Active surveillance in intermediate-risk prostate cancer with PSA 10–20 ng/mL: pathological outcome analysis of a population-level database
Authors: Lonergan Peter E. , Jeong Chang Wook , Washington Samuel L. , Herlemann Annika , Gomez Scarlett L. , Carroll Peter R. , Cooperberg Matthew R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Active surveillance (AS) is generally recognized as the preferred option for men with low-risk prostate cancer. Current guidelines use prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 10–20 ng/mL or low-volume biopsy Gleason grade group (GG) 2 as features that, in part, define the favorable intermediate-risk disease and suggest that AS may be considered for some men in this risk category.

Methods
We identified 26,548 men initially managed with AS aged <80 years, with clinically localized prostate cancer (cT1-2cN0M0), PSA ≤ 20 ng/mL, biopsy GG ≤ 2 with percent positive cores ≤33% and who converted to treatment with radical prostatectomy from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results prostate with the watchful waiting database. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine predictors of adverse pathology at RP according to PSA level (<10 vs 10–20 ng/mL) and GG (1 vs 2).

Results
Of 1731 men with GG 1 disease and PSA 10–20 ng/mL, 382 (22.1%) harbored adverse pathology compared to 2340 (28%) of 8,367 men with GG 2 and a PSA < 10 ng/mL who had adverse pathology at RP. On multivariable analysis, the odds of harboring adverse pathology with a PSA 10–20 ng/mL (odds ratio [OR] 1.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.71–2.05, p < 0.001) was less than that of GG 2 (OR 2.56, 95%CI 2.40–2.73, p < 0.001) after adjustment.

Conclusions
Our results support extending AS criteria more permissively to carefully selected men with PSA 10–20 ng/mL and GG 1 disease.
Association between the expression of lncRNA BASP-AS1 and volume of right hippocampal tail moderated by episode duration in major depressive disorder: a CAN-BIND 1 report
Authors: Yrondi Antoine , Fiori Laura M. , Nogovitsyn Nikita , Hassel Stefanie , Théroux Jean François , Aouabed Zahia , Frey Benicio N. , Lam Raymond W. , Milev Roumen , Müller Daniel J. , Foster Jane A. , Soares Claudio , Rotzinger Susan , Strother Stephen C. , MacQueen Glenda M. , Arnott Stephen R. , Davis Andrew D. , Zamyadi Mojdeh , Harris Jacqueline , Kennedy Sidney H. , Turecki Gustavo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) encompasses an array of changes at molecular and neurobiological levels. As chronic stress promotes neurotoxicity there are alterations in the expression of genes and gene-regulatory molecules. The hippocampus is particularly sensitive to the effects of stress and its posterior volumes can deliver clinically valuable information about the outcomes of antidepressant treatment. In the present work, we analyzed individuals with MDD (N = 201) and healthy controls (HC = 104), as part of the CAN-BIND-1 study. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure hippocampal volumes, evaluated gene expression with RNA sequencing, and assessed DNA methylation with the (Infinium MethylationEpic Beadchip), in order to investigate the association between hippocampal volume and both RNA expression and DNA methylation. We identified 60 RNAs which were differentially expressed between groups. Of these, 21 displayed differential methylation, and seven displayed a correlation between methylation and expression. We found a negative association between expression of Brain Abundant Membrane Attached Signal Protein 1 antisense 1 RNA (BASP1-AS1) and right hippocampal tail volume in the MDD group (β = −0.218, p = 0.021). There was a moderating effect of the duration of the current episode on the association between the expression of BASP1-AS1 and right hippocampal tail volume in the MDD group (β = −0.48, 95% C.I. [−0.80, −0.16]. t = −2.95 p = 0.004). In conclusion, we found that overexpression of BASP1-AS1 was correlated with DNA methylation, and was negatively associated with right tail hippocampal volume in MDD.