bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphische Programmierung von Industrierobotern
Authors: Chemnitz Moritz , Yordanova Magdalena , Vick Axel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Für die Programmierung von Industrierobotern hat jeder Hersteller seine eigene Sprache entwickelt. Zwar stellen alle diese Sprachen einen ähnlichen Funktionsumfang bereit, der Wechsel des Herstellers erfordert aber meist die Neuentwicklung des Programmes. Diese Programmierung ist häufig textbasiert und erfordert einen hohen Einarbeitungsaufwand. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir ein Framework vor, das eine graphische Programmierung ermöglicht und Programme für unterschiedliche Hersteller generiert.**
Entwicklung eines flexiblen Produktionssystems für Batteriezellen
Authors: Storz Tobias , Schild Leonard , Vogt Marcel , Hofmann Janna , Fleischer Jürgen , Lanza Gisela 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Trotz der Vielzahl von verschiedensten Anwendungen und Anforderungen an die Batteriezellen werden für viele Produkte standardisierte Zellen eingesetzt. Dabei werden individuelle Anforderungen, insbesondere an den Bauraum, meist nicht beachtet. Unsere Hypothese ist, dass künftige Produkte, vor allem in den Bereichen Unterhaltungselektronik, Power Tools und Elektrofahrzeuge, Batteriezellen benötigen, deren Anforderungen bezüglich elektrischer Eigenschaften und Format angepasst sind. Dies führt zu einer wachsenden Vielfalt an Batteriezellen in Bezug auf Abmessungen, Format und Materialien. Dieser Trend ist bereits bei Batteriezellen für die Unterhaltungselektronik wie Smartwatches und Smartphones erkennbar. Um den unterschiedlichen Kundenanforderungen gerecht zu werden, benötigen die Zellhersteller geeignete flexible Produktionsmaschinen, um hohe Rüstkosten zu vermeiden. Als Lösung wird am KIT eine flexible, automatisierte Produktionsanlage für die Li-Ionen-Pouch-Zellen-Fertigung entwickelt.**
Erhöhung der Akzeptanz von Produktionssimulationen
Authors: Schuh Günther , Gottschalk Sebastian , Hensgen Lars , Gützlaff Andreas , Schmidhuber Matthias , Rolfes Daniel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDer Einsatz von Simulation birgt Potenzial für die Auslegung und Bewertung technischer Konzepte und Steuerungsmechanismen von Produktionslinien. Industrielle Anforderung für den Einsatz von Simulation stellen Benutzerschnittstellen für eine vereinfachte Nutzung und Auswertung von Simulationsmodellen dar. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse des Werkzeugmaschinenlabors der RWTH Aachen und der Beiersdorf AG zur gemeinsamen Entwicklung einer anwenderfreundlichen Benutzerschnittstelle für den industriellen Einsatz ereignisorientierter Simulation vorgestellt.**
Experimental Investigation on the Mechanism of Piping in Different Two-Stratum Levee Foundations with Weak Spots
Authors: Zhang Li , Wang Chen , Lu Mengmeng , Liang Fayun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Earthen levees along rivers may break down because of piping; this is especially the case for levees built on two-stratum levee foundations with an impervious stratum and an underlying pervious substratum. However, the initial stage of this piping is difficult to recognize because finding the piping outlets along the whole levee is challenging. Practical experience confirms that weak spots, such as holes or thickness reductions in the blanket stratum, usually occur at the levee toe. Some of these are harmless, whereas others are not. This study takes weak spots into consideration and provides a detailed description and evaluation of the piping features. Experiments were conducted on three models with different pervious conditions in a flume. Weak spots caused by holes, a thickness reduction, or exposure of the substratum at the levee toe were tested. The results show that the thickness reduction influences the formation of continuous sand boiling once the confined water bursts the blanket stratum. The potential for piping is reduced when the pervious substratum is composed of thin and uniform soil. In the absence of a covering stratum, piping happens with sand boiling. Three typical phenomena, namely sand boiling near the levee toe, a pressure decrease of the confined water, and a rise in the hydraulic gradient in the pervious substratum, could be used as indicators of the occurrence of piping.
Environmental Enrichment Sharpens Sensory Acuity by Enhancing Information Coding in Barrel Cortex and Premotor Cortex
Authors: Zheng He J. V. , Meagher Jesse P. , Xu Duo , Patel Yogi A. , O’Connor Daniel H. , Kwon Hyung-Bae 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEnvironmental enrichment (EE) is beneficial to sensory functions. Thus, elucidating the neural mechanism underlying improvement of sensory stimulus discrimination is important for developing therapeutic strategies. We aim to advance the understanding of such neural mechanism. We found that tactile enrichment improved tactile stimulus feature discrimination. The neural correlate of such improvement was revealed by analyzing single-cell information coding in both the primary somatosensory cortex and the premotor cortex of awake behaving animals. Our results show that EE enhances the decision-information coding capacity of cells that are tuned to adjacent whiskers, and of premotor cortical cells.
Audiovisual Communication and Subtitling from the Perspective of Semiotic Cohesion: A Case Study of “Garden of Eden”
Authors: Ulvydienė  Huber Loreta , Lideikytė Viktorija 
Published: April 2021

Films as multimodal products have an increasing entertainment value, so the need to transfer them to other cultures arises. Audiovisual translation (AVT) becomes the only practice to translate and adapt multimodal discourse to various audiences. Together with audio description, that translates the visual into spoken language completing in this way the sounds and dialogues of films, subtitling deals with the changes within the semiotic system. Since subtitles have to interact and work in synchrony with dialogue and image, a great variety of problems arises when this translation mode is employed because a lot of constraints that exist. However, semiotic cohesion between subtitles and other elements such as moving pictures, verbal and non-verbal language and camera editing should be retained. The aim of the paper is to analyse the cases of semiotic cohesion in the English subtitles of the Lithuanian film Garden of Eden (2015). The research is carried out within the framework of multimodal discourse analysis that permits the incorporation of all identifiable communicative modes. The course of practical investigation crystallises out into three underlying directions: assessment of semiotic cohesion, identification of particular form(s) of semiotic cohesion depending on its (dis)appearance on screen and the analysis of the selected instances.
Identification, Cellular Distribution and Potential Function of the Metalloprotease-Disintegrin MDC9 in the Kidney
Authors: MAHIMKAR RAJEEV M. , BARICOS WILLIAM H. , VISAYA ORVIN , POLLOCK ALLAN S. , LOVETT DAVID H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
The complex interactions of glomerular and tubular epithelial cells with the basal laminae play a critical role in renal function. Disruption of these interactions has been widely implicated in glomerular diseases and acute renal failure. MDC are a large family of membrane-bound proteins containing metalloprotease, disintegrin (integrin interaction sites), and cysteine-rich domains. Little information is available concerning the presence of MDC in the kidney or their role in renal pathophysiology. Using degenerate PCR primers for the conserved metalloprotease and disintegrin domains of this protein family, cDNA templates from tubules, whole glomeruli, and glomerular epithelial cells (GEC) yielded a single, 195-bp product, which on sequence analysis corresponded to a region in the disintegrin domain of MDC9. Northern analysis of poly(A)+ RNA from tubules, whole glomeruli, and GEC revealed a 3.9-kb transcript, identical to that of mouse MDC9. Using antibodies generated against a 21-amino acid peptide present in the metalloprotease domain of MDC9, Western analysis of concanavalinA-enriched glomerular microsomal extracts demonstrated both processed (76 kD) and unprocessed (116 kD) forms of MDC9, which upon reduction changed to the corresponding 84- and 124-kD forms. Histochemical studies revealed a basolateral localization of intrinsic MDC9 protein in renal cortical tubule cells and glomerular visceral epithelial cells, which colocalized with the β1 integrin chain. Expression of green fluorescence protein MDC9 chimeric constructs in GEC or polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells revealed a similar punctate basolateral surface localization. Transient overexpression of the soluble disintegrin domain-green fluorescence protein chimera in GEC led to dramatic changes in cellular morphology with rounding and detachment from cell monolayers. These studies document the presence of MDC9 in renal epithelial cells and suggest an important role for MDC9 in renal epithelial cellular interactions with the basal lamina and adjoining cells.
Hospital Utilization among Chronic Dialysis Patients
Authors: ARORA PRADEEP , KAUSZ ANNAMARIA T. , OBRADOR GREGORIO T. , RUTHAZER ROBIN , KHAN SAMINA , JENULESON CONSTANCE S. , MEYER KLEMENS B. , PEREIRA BRIAN J. G. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Factors driving inpatient and outpatient utilization were studied among patients who began dialysis for chronic renal failure at the New England Medical Center (NEMC) between 1992 and 1997. Clinical, laboratory, and hospital resource utilization data were obtained from patient records and electronic databases. There were 2.2 hospitalizations and 14.8 hospital days per patient year at risk (PYAR). The number of hospitalizations and hospital days per PYAR were higher in the first 3 mo of initiating dialysis (4.3 and 28.3, respectively) compared to after 3 mo (1.9 and 12.9, respectively). Factors associated with increased risk of hospital days within the first 3 mo included non-health maintenance organization insurance, ischemic heart disease, late referral to the nephrologist, and use of temporary vascular access for the first dialysis. Patients with ischemic heart disease and who received dialysis during the years 1992-1994 compared with 1996-1997 had an increased risk of hospital days after 3 mo of initiating dialysis. There were 16.6 outpatient visits per PYAR, with significant differences in utilization between the first 3 mo and after 3 mo of initiating dialysis. Thus, hospital utilization was significantly higher in the first 3 mo compared to after 3 mo, and factors associated with hospital utilization depended on duration of dialysis. In particular, delayed referral to the nephrologist and lack of permanent vascular access were independently associated with increased risk of hospital utilization in the first 3 mo of dialysis. Greater attention to timely referral to the nephrologist and timely placement of vascular access could result in reduced utilization and cost savings.
17. Yüzyılın İkinci Yarısına Ait Bir Deftere Göre Muhallefattan Hazineye Aktarılan Eşyalar
Authors: YARDIM Gülser 
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışma için Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi’nden temin edilen Fon TS.MA.d. kutu/gömlek no 02321.0001.00 künyeli defter kullanılacaktır. Defter yaklaşık 60 sayfadır. Defterin mikrofilm görüntüsü iki sayfa tek bi görüntüğye gelecek şekilde a ve b yüzlü olarak kaydedilmiştir. Bu çalışma için defterin yarısı kullanılacaktır. Defter incelendiğinde yarıya kadar olan sayfalarının muhallefatlardan gelen eşyalar olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Muhallefat, ölen kişinin geride kalan mal varlığını ifade eden bir terimdir. Dolayısıyla defter 1665’li yıllara ait Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki maddi kültür unsurlarına dair pek çok veriyi sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki amaç defterin birebir çevirisini yaparak giyimden mutfak eşyalarına, silahtan at koşum aletlerine kadar çok geniş bir yelpazede kaydedilen verileri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu eşyaların sepetler ve sandıklar içine konulup hazineye aktarılmasıyla ortaya çıkan defteri birebir çevirerek alana katkı yapmayı planlamaktayız.
Defter üzerinde yapılan çalışmada her bir eşyanın cinsi net bir şekilde belirtildikten sonra adedi mutlaka kaydedildiği görülmüştür. Eşyaların fiyat olarak değeri verilmemiştir. Bu sebeple hazineye aktarılan bu malların parasal değeriyle ilgili yorum yapmamız mümkün olmamaktadır. Yine de bu veriler bu eksiliğine karşın değerini korumaktadır. Çünkü dönemin kullanılan eşyaları, kumaş çeşitleri, silah çeşitleri, kumaş türleri, kap kacaklar, at takımları ve hayatın geri kalanına dair pek çok konuda kıymetli veriler sağlamaktadır. Bu veriler bize Osmanlı piyasasındaki kullanılan eşyaların nerelerden geldiği, nelerden üretildiği ve çeşitleriyle ilgili bilgi sağlamaktadır.
Modeling malic acid dynamics to ensure quality, aroma and freshness of Pinot blanc wines in South Tyrol (Italy)
Authors: Michelini Samanta , Tomada Selena , Kadison Amy Ellen , Pichler Florian , Hinz Fenja , Zejfart Martin , Iannone Francesco , Lazazzara Valentina , Sanoll Christof , Robatscher Peter , Pedri Ulrich , Haas Florian 
Published: April 2021

Pinot blanc is a leading grapevine variety in South Tyrol (Italy) for wine production. The high quality of its wines derives from a typical aroma of elegant apple notes and lively acidity. The typicity of the final wine depends on the origin of the vine, the soil, the oenological practices and time of harvest. The South Tyrolean mountainous areas meet the cold climatic requirements of Pinot blanc, which guarantee its sweet-acidic harmony obtained when organic acids are in balance with the other components of the wine. However, increasing temperatures in valley sites during the berry development period boost the activity of malic acid (MA) enzymes, which negatively affect the final sugar/acid ratio. Researchers are currently focused on understanding acid dynamics in wines, and there are no references for the best sugar/acid ratio for Pinot blanc. Moreover, the contribution of individual acids to the sensory profile of this wine has not yet been studied. In this study we address the effect of different climate conditions and site elevations on the sugar/acid ratio in developmental grapevine berries, and we evaluate the effect on wine bouquet. Even if different models and indices have been proposed for predicting sugar content, no predictive models exist for MA in white grapes. In a three-year study (2017, 2018 and 2019) that involved eight vineyards in four different location in South Tyrol at various elevations ranging from 223 to 730 m a.s.l., the relationships between bioclimatic indices, such as growing-degree day (GDD) and grapevine sugar ripeness (GSR) and grapevine berry content were investigated. The analysis reveals that GDD may potentially predict MA dynamics in Pinot blanc; hence, a GDD-based model was used to determine the GDD to reach target MA concentrations (3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0 g/L). This simple model was improved with additional temperature-based parameters by feature selection, and the best three advanced models were selected and evaluated by 5-fold cross-validation. These models could be used to support location and harvest date choice to produce high-quality Pinot blanc wines.
Locked Anterior-Inferior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation
Authors: Ben-Ari Erel , Magone Kevin M. , Lowe Dylan T. , Costas Bizekis , Rokito Andrew S. , Virk Mandeep S. 
Published: April 2021

Update
This article was updated onMay 26, 2021 because of a previous error. One of the author's name was incorrect. The correct name is Costas Bizekis
An erratum (JBJS Case Connect. 2021;11[2]:e20.00780ER) has been published for this article.

Case:
We report a rare variant of sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation, namely locked anterior-inferior dislocation, with unique clinical, radiographic, and intraoperative findings. In this variant, the medial clavicle was displaced anteriorly and inferiorly and locked in the manubrial-intercostal space, with corresponding mechanical dysfunction of the ipsilateral shoulder girdle joints. Symptoms unique to this variant included painful neck spasms and limited glenohumeral elevation. Nonsurgical treatment was not successful, and open reduction and ligament reconstruction resulted in correction of the fixed deformity with resolution of the clinical symptoms.

Conclusion:
Locked anterior-inferior SCJ dislocation is indicated for early open reduction and ligament reconstruction.
Stemless Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for a 4-Part Proximal Humerus Malunion and Post-traumatic Arthritis
Authors: Park Hannah , Haskoor John , Domingo-Johnson E.L. , Srikumaran Uma 
Published: April 2021

Case:
We present a 62-year-old left-hand-dominant woman with history of renal failure, osteoporosis, and 4-part proximal humerus fracture malunion with subsequent post-traumatic arthritis of the left glenohumeral joint. After conservative treatments failed to relieve her symptoms, the patient underwent stemless total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) because of concerns that her proximal humerus could not accommodate a stemmed implant. At 2 and a half-years postoperative, the patient demonstrated significant improvement of symptoms without signs of radiographic loosening.

Conclusion:
In the setting of proximal humerus malunion with post-traumatic arthritis, clinical improvement without implant loosening can be achieved with stemless TSA, even in the setting of compromised bone quality.
Ulna Fractures After Elbow Arthrodesis
Authors: Abdelaziz Abed , Kanski Gregory , Silver Jacob , Ring David , Mazzocca Augustus D 
Published: April 2021

Elbow arthrodesis is an uncommon, typically last resort, salvage procedure to improve comfort and stability of the elbow.

Case:
Two surgeons performed 3 elbow arthrodesis at 90° elbow flexion secured with a plate and screws. All 3 patients experienced fracture at the most distal aspect of the posterior plate, consistent with a stress riser in this location.

Conclusion:
The risk of fracture is likely related to vulnerability of the arm with no elbow flexion and may not be ameliorated by changes in operative technique or bone quality. Ulna fracture can be anticipated after elbow arthrodesis and might further limit enthusiasm for elbow arthrodesis.
Ultrasonographic Technique, Appearance, and Diagnostic Accuracy for Common Shoulder Sports Injuries
Authors: Dixit Anant , Dandu Navya , Hadley Christopher J. , Nazarian Levon N. , Cohen Steven B. , Ciccotti Michael G. 
Published: April 2021

» Ultrasonography (US) is valued for its availability, tolerability, low cost, and utility in real-time dynamic evaluation. Its use in diagnosing upper-extremity shoulder injury has expanded, but several features require definition before more widespread adoption can be realized.» In particular, the evaluation of rotator cuff tears (RCTs) with US has been extensively studied, and authors generally agree that US is comparable with magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of full-thickness RCTs, whereas partial-thickness RCTs are more difficult to accurately identify with US. Dynamic evaluation is particularly useful for pathologies such as subacromial impingement and glenohumeral instability.» US has shown particular usefulness for the assessment of athletes, where there is additional motivation to delay more invasive techniques. US has demonstrated promising results as a diagnostic modality for common shoulder injuries in athletes, and it is an important imaging tool that complements a thorough history and physical examination.
Structure of the Upper Crust beneath the Klyuchevskoy Group of Volcanoes Revealed from Ambient Noise Tomography
Authors: Egorushkin I.I. , Koulakov I.Yu. , Shapiro N.M. , Gordeev E.I. , Yakovlev A.V. , Abkadyrov I.F. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
––The Klyuchevskoy group of volcanoes (KGV) located in the central part of Kamchatka is a unique complex that demonstrates exceptional variety and intensity of volcanic manifestations. These features of the eruptive activity of the KGV are determined by a complex system of magmatic sources in the crust and mantle. While the structure of deep anomalies is quite reliably determined by tomography techniques based on body waves, the structure of the upper crust can only be determined using ambient noise tomography. We present the results of processing data from the KISS temporary network. This network consisted of more than 100 seismic stations that were installed from 2015 to 2016 over a large area covering the Klyuchevskoy group of volcanoes and its surroundings. To retrieve Rayleigh surface waves, cross-correlation of continuous seismic noise records from pairs of stations was used. We obtained the dispersion curves of the group velocities of these Rayleigh surface waves using frequency–time analysis (FTAN) of the calculated correlograms. These curves served as input data for performing ambient noise tomography. Tomography was performed in two stages: (1) computation of two-dimensional group velocity maps for different frequencies and (2) calculation of a three-dimensional model of the shear wave velocity to a depth of about 8 km based on the inversion of local dispersion curves obtained from these maps. The resulting models revealed the structural features of individual volcanic systems of the KGV. High velocities were observed at shallow depths beneath the large basaltic edifices of the Ushkovsky and Tolbachik volcanoes. At greater depths, while the velocity structure beneath Ushkovsky remained unchanged, we detected low velocities beneath Tolbachik. This fact illustrates the difference between dormant and active magmatic systems. Velocity anomalies of a complex shape are observed beneath the Klyuchevskoy, Kamen, and Bezymianny volcanoes, varying both laterally and with depth. Absolute velocities in vertical sections show that the edifices of these volcanoes are relatively low-velocity bodies located on a horizontal high-velocity basement. A low-velocity anomaly was discovered under the Bezymianny Volcano at a depth of 6 km, which is presumably associated with a shallow magma reservoir. An intense low-velocity anomaly was found beneath the Udina Volcano. It was interpreted as an image of a magma reservoir experiencing strong seismic unrest that began in December 2017 and continues to this day.
Apolipoprotein M is required for the protective effects of high density lipoprotein against ischemia-induced astrocyte apoptosis
Authors: Huang Xiaojia , Zhai Zhiqi , Zhou Ting , Sheng Chengju , Zhou Chao , Deng Linhong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives High density lipoprotein (HDL) has been reported to show protective effects against cell death. Apolipoprotein M (ApoM) in HDL can bind with sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and deliver S1P to target cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of HDL on astrocyte apoptosis after ischemic insult and determine the role of ApoM.Methods After ApoM-associated HDL (HDLapoM+) and ApoM-depleted HDL(HDLapoM-) were separated from mouse plasma, primary cultured mouse astrocytes were chellenged with oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by recovery in presence of HDLapoM+ or HDLapoM-. mRNA and protein samples were collected for biochemical analysis.Results The addition of HDLapoM+ attenuated apoptotic cell death in the astrocytes, but HDLapoM- did not show any effect. S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) expression was upregulated, and specific S1PR1 inhibitor or genetic knockdown of S1pr1 abolished the protective effects. In addition, activation of Akt and ERK was induced by HDLapoM+ or free S1P, and pharmacological inhibition of Akt and ERK reduced the protection of HDLapoM+.Conclusions ApoM is essential for the protective effects of HDL, which depends on S1PR1 activation and downstream activation of Akt/ERK, Thus, ApoM may be a neuroprotective component in plasma.