bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bauphysikalische und ökologische Potenziale von Gebäuden in Holzbauweise
Authors: Müller Theresa , Flemming Daniela , Janowsky Isabel , Di Bari Roberta , Harder Nadine , Leistner Philip 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAufgrund des hohen und zunehmenden Ressourcenverbrauchs von Gebäuden ist der Bausektor einer der Hauptverursacher von Umweltbelastungen. Als Folge dessen wächst die Aufmerksamkeit für ressourcenschonende und nachhaltige Werkstoffe, Konstruktionen und Lösungen. Holzbauweisen bieten hierbei zahlreiche ökologische und konstruktive Anknüpfungspunkte. Ihre spezifischen stofflichen, konstruktiven und fertigungstechnischen Merkmale sind bereits Gegenstand bauphysikalischer Untersuchungen, die sich aktuell mehr und mehr auf massive Holzbauteile sowie neue Impulse der Verarbeitungs‐ und Vorfertigungstechnik ausweiten. Im Rahmen einer ganzheitlichen Betrachtung werden in diesem Beitrag sowohl die wärme‐, feuchte‐ und schalltechnischen als auch die ökologischen Eigenschaften von Flächenbauteilen in Holzrahmen‐ und Holzmassivbauweise gegenübergestellt. Im Vergleich mit Stahlbetonkonstruktionen wird gezeigt, dass die vorhandenen Daten und Methoden Planungsentscheidungen nach bauphysikalischen und ökologischen Kriterien unterstützen können. Zugleich werden Potenziale der Bauweisen erkennbar, die sich durch Weiterentwicklung einlösen lassen.
Response surface methodology guided adsorption and recovery of free fatty acids from oil using resin
Authors: Singh Ramkrishna , Dien Bruce S , Singh Vijay 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe presence of free fatty acids interferes with the conversion of plant oils to biodiesel. Four strong and weak base resins were evaluated for the removal of free fatty acids (FFA) from oil. Amberlite FPA 51 showed the highest adsorption capacity of FFA. A resin concentration above 3% could enable a higher percentage FFA adsorption. The adsorption process fitted a pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model and achieved equilibrium in approximately 8 h. A full factorial design was used to optimize the resin and FFA concentrations at a fixed temperature (40 °C). A ratio of resin to fatty acid concentrations above 1.875 was sufficient for 70% adsorption and the amount adsorbed continued to increase with further added resin. A two‐step washing of resin using hexane and ethanol recovered approximately 67.55% ± 4.05% of the initially added fatty acid. The resin that was used was regenerated with 5% NaOH and re‐used for a minimum of three consecutive cycles. However, the adsorption capacity diminished to 75% of the initial cycle in cycles 2 and 3. Thus, the work presents a resin‐based process for deacidification of oil to reduce fatty acid content of oil for biodiesel production. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Long‐acting and extended‐release implant and nanoformulations with a synergistic antiretroviral two‐drug combination controls HIV‐1 infection in a humanized mouse model
Authors: Beloor Jagadish , Kudalkar Shalley N. , Buzzelli Gina , Yang Fan , Mandl Hanna K. , Rajashekar Jyothi K. , Spasov Krasimir A. , Jorgensen William L. , Saltzman W. Mark , Anderson Karen S. , Kumar Priti 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe HIV pandemic has affected over 38 million people worldwide with close to 26 million currently accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART). A major challenge in the long‐term treatment of HIV‐1 infection is nonadherence to ART. Long‐acting antiretroviral (LA‐ARV) formulations, that reduce dosing frequency to less than once a day, are an urgent need that could tackle the adherence issue. Here, we have developed two LA‐ART interventions, one an injectable nanoformulation, and the other, a removable implant, for the delivery of a synergistic two‐drug ARV combination comprising a pre‐clinical nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), Compound I, and the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), 4′‐ethynyl‐2‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyadenosine. The nanoformulation is poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide)‐based and the implant is a copolymer of ω‐pentadecalactone and p‐dioxanone, poly(PDL‐co‐DO), a novel class of biocompatible, biodegradable materials. Both the interventions, packaged independently with each ARV, released sustained levels of the drugs, maintaining plasma therapeutic indices for over a month, and suppressed viremia in HIV‐1‐infected humanized mice for up to 42 days with maintenance of CD4+ T cells. These data suggest promise in the use of these new drugs as LA‐ART formulations in subdermal implant and injectable mode.
The oncogenic role of the cerebral endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CERCAM) in bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zuo Yali , Xu Xiaoliang , Chen Minfeng , Qi Lin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBladder cancer is a menace to global health worldwide due to its high recurrence rate and its progression to invasive muscular complications. Cell adhesion molecules play an intricate role in cancer migration, growth, and invasion. Therefore, through bioinformatics analysis, it was found that the higher cerebral endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CERCAM) predicted lower chance in bladder cancer patient survival; subsequently, in vitro and in vivo investigations were performed to evaluate the specific effects of CERCAM on bladder cancer cell phenotypes and tumor growth in mice model. The PCR‐based analysis revealed an aberrant upregulation of CERCAM in bladder carcinoma tissues and cells when compared with normal controls. In vitro, functional experiments such as MTT, EdU, and Transwell assays showed that CERCAM overexpression markedly enhanced bladder cancer cell viability, DNA synthesis, and cell invasion. In contrast, CERCAM silencing suppressed bladder cancer cell viability, DNA synthesis, and cell invasion. CERCAM overexpression significantly increased PCNA, Vimentin, Twist, and N‐cadherin proteins but decreased E‐cadherin and cleaved‐caspase3, whereas CERCAM silencing exerted opposite effects on these markers. In vivo, subcutaneous implant model experiments in nude mice showed that CERCAM silencing suppressed the growth of subcutaneously implanted tumors. CERCAM altered the phosphorylation process of AKT. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 treatment manifested similar effects as CERCAM silencing on bladder cancer cell behaviors and partially impaired the promotive functions of CERCAM overexpression upon the capacity of bladder cancer cells to proliferate and invade. When taken together, the cell adhesion molecule CERCAM is overexpressed in bladder cancer tissues. In vitro, CERCAM overexpression significantly promoted bladder cancer cell viability, DNA synthesis, and cell invasion and alters the cleaved‐caspase3, E‐cadherin, and N‐cadherin expression pattern; in vivo, CERCAM silencing suppressed tumor growth in nude mice. The PI3K/AKT signaling is suspected of interfering participate in the functions of CERCAM in bladder carcinoma.
Food waste in Australian households: Role of shopping habits and personal motivations
Authors: Nabi Nazia , Karunasena Gamithri Gayana , Pearson David 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe intensity of household food waste is of concern throughout the world, especially, in developed countries like Australia where it accounts for 34% of all food wasted along the value chain. Due to these concerns, there has been an emergence of research over the last decade to support policy interventions. This study contributes to this body of knowledge by examining the influence of consumer shopping habits and motivational factors on the intensity of food wasted by Australian households. Based on data from an online survey of 5272 Australian households, results of this study reveal that most of the shopping habits examined (except buying food based on what is on special) have significant impacts on the intensity of food wasted. Furthermore, based on two‐step cluster analysis, it was found that consumers from different backgrounds possess similar types of shopping habits, however, they are different in terms of their levels of motivations aiming to reduce food being wasted. The insights provide guidance for practitioners and policymakers regarding what actions to be taken to reduce food waste in Australian households.
Contemporary stents: Tough to get better
Authors: Belardi Jorge A. , Lamelas Pablo M. 
Published: June 2021

Key Points
Bioabsorbable drug eluting‐stents have been tested in randomized trials, typically excluding complex coronary procedures.
In a large study, bioabsorbable polymer drug‐eluting stents performed similarly to durable polymer stents, even in complex procedures.
The incidence of stent‐related events is so low, even in complex procedures, that proving superiority of new stent platforms are becoming very challenging.
Treatment of degenerated surgical aortic valve: The importance of having a “lifetime strategy” in younger patients with severe aortic disease
Authors: Tarantini Giuseppe , Nai Fovino Luca 
Published: June 2021

Key Points
Most surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) patients under 70 years of age will see their prosthesis degenerate, as their life expectancy exceeds aortic bioprosthesis durability.
This meta‐analysis shows that redo‐SAVR and valve‐in‐valve (ViV) transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have similar mid‐term mortality, with lower 30‐day bleeding, length of hospital stay, and higher postoperative gradients among patients undergoing ViV TAVR, despite a higher baseline risk.
ViV TAVR seems the preferred option for the treatment of most failing aortic bioprosthesis. The type of first surgical aortic intervention is of paramount importance, as it will impact future therapeutic outcomes.
High frequency ultrasound‐guided pericardiocentesis performed in the sitting position: A novel apical approach
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Xue‐Fei , Liu Zhao , Liu Ying , Guo Cun‐Li , Shao Hua , Li Bo , Zhang Cui , Jing Hui , Cheng Wen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundSo far, few approaches have been described to reduce inadvertent injury to structure of the heart and nearby organs in percutaneous pericardiocentesis.HypothesisWe hypothesized that an in‐plane high frequency ultrasound‐guided apical approach, performed in the sitting position, would provide additional benefits in terms of feasibility and safety for draining malignant pericardial effusion (MPE).MethodsThe authors selected 53 consecutive patients with moderate or large symptomatic MPE who underwent high frequency ultrasound‐guided pericardiocentesis. After the procedure, all patients were followed for 90 days with the main purpose of detecting procedure success, procedure‐related complications, and recurrent PE.ResultsProcedure success rate for pericardiocentesis was 100%. All patients were placed in the sitting position with their left hands extended above the heads. An apical puncture approach was performed in all cases (100%). The mean duration of catheter drainage was 8.1 ± 3.2 days. The mean initial amount of pericardial fluid drained was 956.3 ± 687.5 ml. Overall, six patients (11%) had recurrent PE; 3 (6%) had repeated percutaneous pericardiocentesis. There was no major complication and minor complications occurred in four patients (8%).ConclusionThis novel in‐plane high frequency US‐guided apical approach has several advantages for percutaneous pericardiocentesis of MPE: performed in the sitting position; a benefit for patients with orthopnea; a maximum inserted wide angle to prevent damage to the myocardium; local enlargement of the PE region; high procedure success rate of pericardiocentesis; and excellent clinical outcomes.
Prostate‐specific antigen levels of ≤4 and >4 ng/mL and risk of prostate cancer‐specific mortality in men with biopsy Gleason score 9 to 10 prostate cancer
Authors: Kim Daniel W. , Chen Ming‐Hui , Wu Jing , Huland Hartwig , Graefen Markus , Tilki Derya , D’Amico Anthony V. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundDefining workup beyond usual clinical practice that may improve treatment outcomes in men with a prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level of ≤4 ng/mL (vs >4 ng/mL) and Gleason score (GS) 9 to 10 prostate cancer (PC) remains to be determined.MethodsBetween February 25, 1992, and February 25, 2016, 17,632 men with clinical T1‐4 PC with a biopsy GS of 6 to 10 underwent radical prostatectomy at a single academic center. Multivariable Fine and Gray regressions were used to evaluate the risk of prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) with an interaction model evaluating the prognostic significance of PSA ≤ 4 ng/mL versus PSA > 4 ng/mL among men with PC with a biopsy GS of 9 to 10 versus ≤8, with adjustments made for the time‐dependent use of adjuvant and/or salvage radiation therapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in addition to known PC prognostic factors.ResultsThere was a significant interaction in men with a biopsy GS of 9 to 10 versus ≤8 and a PSA level of ≤4 ng/mL versus >4 ng/mL (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02‐8.08; P = .046). Specifically, among men with a biopsy GS of 9 to 10 and a PSA level of ≤4 ng/mL versus >4 ng/mL, there was a significantly higher rate of PCSM (AHR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.19‐5.67; P = .017); however, there was no significant difference in the risk of PCSM in men with a biopsy GS ≤ 8 and a PSA level of ≤4 ng/mL versus >4 ng/mL (AHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.46‐1.78; P = .771). Moreover, the time‐dependent use of postoperative ADT was also associated with an increased risk of PCSM (AHR, 10.76; 95% CI, 6.88‐16.81; P < .0001).ConclusionsSome men with PSA ≤ 4 ng/mL and a biopsy GS of 9 to 10 may have pathologic or genetic variants that make them less amenable to a cure with current standards of care. Additional workup assessing for small cell, neuroendocrine, and genetic variants should be considered.
The overriding role of surgery and tumor grade for long‐term survival in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Søreide Jon Arne , Kvaløy Jan Terje , Lea Dordi , Sandvik Oddvar M. , Al‐Saiddi Mohammed , Haslerud Torjan M. , Garresori Herish , Karlsen Lars N. , Gudlaugsson Einar , Søreide Kjetil 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundGastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP‐NENs) comprise a heterogeneous disease group. Factors that affect long‐term survival remain uncertain. Complete population‐representative cohorts with long‐term follow‐up are scarce.AimTo evaluate factors of importance for the long‐term survival.Methods and resultsAn Observational population‐based study on consecutive GEP‐NEN patients diagnosed from 2003 to 2013, managed according to national guidelines. Univariable and multivariable survival analyses were performed to evaluate overall survival (OS) and to identify independent prognostic factors. One hundred ninety eligible patients (males, 58.9%) (median age, 60.0 years; range, 10.0–94.2 years) were included. The small bowel, appendix, and pancreas were the most common tumor locations. The World Health Organization (WHO) tumor grade 1–3 distributions varied according to the primary location and disease stage. Primary surgery with curative intent was performed in 66% of the patients. The median OS of the study population was 183 months with 5‐ and 10‐year OS rates of 66% and 57%, respectively. Only age, WHO tumor grade, and primary surgical treatment were independent prognostic factors for OS.ConclusionThe outcomes of GEP‐NEN patients are related to several factors including age and primary surgical treatment. WHO tumor grading, based on the established criteria, should be routine in clinical practice. This may improve clinical decision‐making and allow the comparison of outcomes among different centers.
Napabucasin Drug‐Drug Interaction Potential, Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics Following Oral Dosing in Healthy Adult Volunteers
Authors: Dai Xiaoshu , Karol Michael D. , Hitron Matthew , Hard Marjie L. , Goulet Matthew T. , McLaughlin Colleen F. , Brantley Scott J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNapabucasin is an orally administered reactive oxygen species generator that is bioactivated by the intracellular antioxidant nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate:quinone oxidoreductase 1. Napabucasin induces cell death in cancer cells, including cancer stem cells. This phase 1 study (NCT03411122) evaluated napabucasin drug‐drug interaction potential for 7 cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and the breast cancer resistance protein transporter/organic anion transporter 3. Healthy volunteers who tolerated napabucasin during period 1 received probe drugs during period 2, and in period 3 received napabucasin (240 mg twice daily; days 1‐11) plus a phenotyping cocktail containing omeprazole (CYP2C19), caffeine (CYP1A2), flurbiprofen (CYP2C9), bupropion (CYP2B6), dextromethorphan (CYP2D6), midazolam (CYP3A) (all oral; day 6), intravenous midazolam (day 7), repaglinide (CYP2C8; day 8), and rosuvastatin (breast cancer resistance protein/organic anion transporter 3; day 9). Drug‐drug interaction potential was evaluated in 17 of 30 enrolled volunteers. Napabucasin coadministration increased the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (geometric mean ratio [90% confidence interval]) of caffeine (124% [109.0%‐141.4%]), intravenous midazolam (118% [94.4%‐147.3%]), repaglinide (127% [104.7%‐153.3%]), and rosuvastatin (213% [42.5%‐1068.3%]) and decreased the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinity of dextromethorphan (71% [47.1%‐108.3%]), bupropion (79% [64.6%‐97.0%]), and hydroxybupropion (45% [15.7%‐129.6%]). No serious adverse events/deaths were reported. Generally, napabucasin is not expected to induce/inhibit drug clearance to a clinically meaningful degree.
Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence Study of a New Branded Generic Moxifloxacin Tablet Among Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Amran Atiqah , Tan Ching Yee , Tan Ka‐Liong , Ho Ranald Malcom , Anand Anil Kumar , Leong Chuei Wuei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA newly developed branded generic of a moxifloxacin (MOX) 400‐mg tablet formulation was manufactured prior to this study. A bioequivalence (BE) study was done to assess the pharmacokinetics of the formulation using a randomized, open‐label, 2‐period crossover, 2‐sequence, and single‐dose experiment. Thirty healthy male volunteers were recruited. The test formulation, Flonoxin 400 mg, was compared with the reference formulation, Avelox 400 mg. The pharmacokinetic parameters of MOX were calculated based on the plasma drug concentration‐time profile. Noncompartmental analysis was performed to determine its safety and tolerability. The 90% confidence intervals (CIs) were 88.5%‐104.6%, 96.1%‐101.1%, and 96.8%‐100.7% for Cmax, AUC0‐t, and AUC0‐inf, respectively. All CIs were within the 80.0%‐125.0% boundary, thus fulfilling the acceptable BE criteria according to the ASEAN guidelines.
Effect of Varying Degrees of Hepatic Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics of Omecamtiv Mecarbil
Authors: Trivedi Ashit , Oberoi Rajneet K. , Mackowski Mia , Jafarinasabian Pegah , Zhang Hanze , Flach Stephen , Hutton Shauna , Abbasi Siddique , Dutta Sandeep , Lee Edward 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOmecamtiv mecarbil (OM) is a novel selective cardiac myosin activator under investigation for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. OM is primarily eliminated via metabolism mediated by multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes. This phase 1 single‐dose, multicenter, open‐label, nonrandomized study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) of OM and major metabolites M3 and M4, safety, and tolerability following oral administration of a single dose of 25‐mg MR tablet in subjects with mild (n = 6) or moderate (n = 6) hepatic impairment (according to Child‐Pugh classification) versus subjects with normal hepatic function (n = 6). Relative to subjects with normal hepatic function, for subjects with mild or moderate hepatic impairment, OM AUCinf was 103.2% (90%CI, 58.0%‐183.6%) and 94.8% (90%CI, 54.7%‐164.1%), respectively, and OM Cmax was 126.8% (90%CI, 85.7%‐187.7%) and 117.3% (90%CI, 80.7%‐170.5%), respectively. Exposures to M3 were similar across groups, whereas slightly lower exposures were observed for M4 with worsening hepatic function. The OM, M3, and M4 tmax and t1/2 values were similar between groups. There were no serious adverse events (AEs) or treatment‐related treatment‐emergent AEs. Overall, OM, M3, and M4 PK were not meaningfully affected by mild or moderate hepatic impairment, suggesting the same dosing strategy can be used in subjects with mild or moderate hepatic impairment.
The revised extent analysis method
Authors: Arman Hosein , Hadi‐Vencheh Abdollah 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe degree of possibility is used by the extent analysis (EA) to extract the crisp local weights from a triangular fuzzy comparison matrix (FCM); while, it is just a relation for comparing two triangular fuzzy numbers. This causes EA to extract the inaccurate local weights from a FCM and sometimes to rank the alternatives incorrectly. In this study, we revise the EA to avoid this misapplication. For this purpose, we propose a procedure in which the global weights of alternatives are obtained as fuzzy values; then, the degree of possibility is used just for ranking the alternatives based on their fuzzy global weights. The advantages of the revised extent analysis (REA), proposed in this study, compared with other fuzzy analytic hierarchy process are its simplicity and low computations. This study gives three numerical examples to illustrate how REA avoids the flaws of EA.
Cloud‐based onboard prediction and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Sundharamurthy Gnanamurthy , Kaliappan Vishnu Kumar 
Published: June 2021

SummaryDiabetic retinopathy remains the most daunting microvascular complication of diabetic disease. Major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy include long‐term diabetics, improper blood glucose level, and dyslipidemia. In order to investigate the presence of diabetic retinopathy‐related features and to deal with the diagnosis of various diabetic severity stages, there is a need for a cloud‐based automated screening system. So, the development of novel biomarkers should take the advantage of objective measurement and evaluation indicating the biological and pathogenic processes to all the therapeutic interventions. Current state‐of‐the‐art research studies lack accommodating large sample size, cross‐validation among the diverse populations, time, and cost‐effective diagnosis techniques. To overcome these challenges, a cloud‐based diabetic retinopathy prediction system is proposed using the recurrent convolution neural network classifier model. The proposed prediction system can provide risk stratification, optimized resource allocation, a severe form of disease prediction, risk control, and preventive interventions during the screening and diagnosis process. It also provides prognostic information to patients stating various cost‐effective predictive responses according to treatment modalities. Moreover, the proposed system clinical decision‐making will outperform the existing classifiers in terms of prediction accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, recall, and F1‐score.