bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in cancer imaging by indication, care setting, and hospital type during the COVID‐19 pandemic and recovery at four hospitals in Massachusetts
Authors: Zattra Ottavia , Fraga Anthony , Lu Nancy , Gee Michael S. , Liu Raymond W. , Lev Michael H. , Brink James A. , Saini Sanjay , Lang Min , Succi Marc D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to investigate the effects of COVID‐19 on computed tomography (CT) imaging of cancer.MethodsCancer‐related CTs performed at one academic hospital and three affiliated community hospitals in Massachusetts were retrospectively analyzed. Three periods of 2020 were considered as follows: pre‐COVID‐19 (1/5/20–3/14/20), COVID‐19 peak (3/15/20–5/2/20), and post‐COVID‐19 peak (5/3/20–11/14/20). 15 March 2020 was the day a state of emergency was declared in MA; 3 May 2020 was the day our hospitals resumed to non‐urgent imaging. The volumes were assessed by (1) Imaging indication: cancer screening, initial workup, active cancer, and surveillance; (2) Care setting: outpatient and inpatient, ED; (3) Hospital type: quaternary academic center (QAC), university‐affiliated community hospital (UACH), and sole community hospitals (SCHs).ResultsDuring the COVID‐19 peak, a significant drop in CT volumes was observed (−42.2%, p < 0.0001), with cancer screening, initial workup, active cancer, and cancer surveillance declining by 81.7%, 54.8%, 30.7%, and 44.7%, respectively (p < 0.0001). In the post‐COVID‐19 peak period, cancer screening and initial workup CTs did not recover (−11.7%, p = 0.037; −20.0%, p = 0.031), especially in the outpatient setting. CT volumes for active cancer recovered, but inconsistently across hospital types: the QAC experienced a 9.4% decline (p = 0.022) and the UACH a 41.5% increase (p < 0.001). Outpatient CTs recovered after the COVID‐19 peak, but with a shift in utilization away from the QAC (−8.7%, p = 0.020) toward the UACH (+13.3%, p = 0.013). Inpatient and ED‐based oncologic CTs increased post‐peak (+20.0%, p = 0.004 and +33.2%, p = 0.009, respectively).ConclusionsCancer imaging was severely impacted during the COVID‐19 pandemic. CTs for cancer screening and initial workup did not recover to pre‐COVID‐19 levels well into 2020, a finding that suggests more patients with advanced cancers may present in the future. A redistribution of imaging utilization away from the QAC and outpatient settings, toward the community hospitals and inpatient setting/ED was observed.
Digitalisisierung der Arbeitswelt
Authors: Makowski Christina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDas Zusammenspiel von Mensch, Technik und Organisation verändert sich durch den digitalen Wandel in vielen Bereichen und auf diversen Ebenen. Seit Ende 2018 wurden im it's OWL Projekt Aware die Folgen der Digitalisierung in der Arbeitswelt aus möglichst vielen Blickwinkeln betrachtet.
VDI Fachbeirat “Betriebsingenieure” stellt sich neu auf
Authors: Woppowa rer. nat. Ljuba 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDr. Christian Poppe ist neuer Vorsitzender des VDI‐Fachbereichs GVC03 „Betrieb verfahrenstechnischer Anlagen“, der fachlichen Heimat der Betriebsingenieure im VDI. Zur stellvertretenden Vorsitzenden wurde Frau Dr. Alba Mena Subiranas gewählt.
Zugänglich und nutzbar
Authors: Lanzinger Claudia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSiemens Digital Industries Software nutzt die Low‐Code‐Anwendungsentwicklungsplattform Mendix, um Kunden aus unterschiedlichen Branchen bei der Erstellung kontextbezogener und personalisierter Anwendungen zu unterstützen und ihnen datengestützte Entscheid
Regelwerk für die Gefahrstofflagerung gibt Hilfe für die Praxis
Authors: Großholz Jürgen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOb Handwerksunternehmen, Industriefirmen, Kommunalbetriebe oder Forschungseinrichtungen – alle, die in ihrem betrieblichen Alltag mit Gefahrstoffen zu tun haben, müssen auf das Regelwerk der TRGS 510 zurückgreifen. Durch die Bekanntmachung im Gemeinsamen Ministerialblatt (GMBI) erlangte die Novelle der „Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe (TRGS) 510“ im Februar 2021 deutschlandweit seine Gültigkeit.
Modulation of Microstructure and Charge Transport in Polymer Monolayer Transistors by Solution Aging
Authors: Lin Xuemei , Liu Ruochen , Ding Chenming , Deng Junyang , Guo Yifu , Long Shibing , Li Ling , Li Mengmeng 
Published: August 2021

Main observation and conclusionA few monolayers of organic semiconductors adjacent to the dielectric layer are of vital importance in organic field‐effect transistors due to their dominant role in charge transport. In this report, the 2‐nm‐thick polymer monolayers based on poly(3‐hexylthiophene) with different molecular weights (Mn) were fabricated using dip‐coating technique. During the monolayer (solid state) formation from the solution, a disorder‐to‐order transition of polymer conformation is observed through UV‐vis absorption measurement. Meanwhile, high Mn polymer monolayer generates higher crystalline fibrillar microstructure than the low Mn one due to the stronger π–π intermolecular packing between polymers. More importantly, the solution aging procedure is utilized to further improve the morphology of polymer monolayers. It is obvious that after aging for 6 d, both fiber dimension and density as well as conjugation length are significantly increased under the same processing conditions in comparison to the fresh solution, and consequently the field‐effect mobilities are remarkably enhanced by 2—4 times. Note that the maximum mobility of 0.027 cm2·V–1·s–1 is among the highest reported values for poly(3‐hexylthiophene) monolayer transistors. These results demonstrate a simple but powerful strategy for boosting the device performance of polymer monolayer transistors.
Prognostic implications of biventricular strain measurement in COVID‐19 patients by speckle‐tracking echocardiography
Authors: Khani Mohammad , Tavana Sasan , Tabary Mohammadreza , Naseri Kivi Zahra , Khaheshi Isa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent reports have indicated the beneficial role of strain measurement in COVID‐19 patients.HypothesisTo determine the association between right and left global longitudinal strain (RVGLS, LVGLS) and COVID‐19 patients' outcomes.MethodsHospitalized COVID‐19 patients between June and August 2020 were included. Two‐dimensional echocardiography and biventricular global longitudinal strain measurement were performed. The outcome measure was defined as mortality, ICU admission, and need for intubation. Appropriate statistical tests were used to compare different groups.ResultsIn this study 207 patients (88 females) were enrolled. During 64 ± 4 days of follow‐up, 22 (10.6%) patients died. Mortality, ICU admission, and intubation were significantly associated with LVGLS and RVGLS tertiles. LVGLS tertiles could predict poor outcome with significant odds ratios in the total population (OR = 0.203, 95% CI: 0.088–0.465; OR = 0.350, 95% CI: 0.210–0.585; OR = 0.354, 95% CI: 0.170–0.736 for mortality, ICU admission, and intubation). Although odds ratios of LVGLS for the prediction of outcome were statistically significant among hypertensive patients, these odds ratios did not reach significance among non‐hypertensive patients. RVGLS tertiles revealed significant odds ratios for the prediction of mortality (OR = 0.322, 95% CI: 0.162–0.640), ICU admission (OR = 0.287, 95% CI: 0.166–0.495), and need for intubation (OR = 0.360, 95% CI: 0.174–0.744). Odds ratios of RVGLS remained significant even after adjusting for hypertension when considering mortality and ICU admission.ConclusionRVGLS and LVGLS can be acceptable prognostic factors to predict mortality, ICU admission, and intubation in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. However, RVGLS seems more reliable, as it is not confounded by hypertension.
Efficient Synthesis of 2’‐O‐Methoxyethyl Oligonucleotide‐Cationic Peptide Conjugates
Authors: Halloy François , Hill Alyssa C. , Hall Jonathan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSingle‐stranded phosphorothioate (PS) oligonucleotide drugs have shown potential for the treatment of several rare diseases. However, a barrier to their widespread use is that they exhibit activity in only a narrow range of tissues. One way to circumvent this constraint is to conjugate them to cationic cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs). Although there are several examples of morpholino and peptide nucleic acids conjugated with CPPs, there are noticeably few examples of PS oligonucleotide‐CPP conjugates. This is surprising given that PS oligonucleotides presently represent the largest class of approved RNA‐based drugs, including Nusinersen, that bears the 2’‐O‐methoxyethyl (MOE)‐chemistry. In this work, we report a method for in‐solution conjugation of cationic, hydrophobic peptides or human serum albumin to a 22‐nucleotide MOE‐PS oligonucleotide. Conjugates were obtained in high yields and purities. Our findings pave the way for their large‐scale synthesis and testing in vivo.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Computational Analysis of Biaryl Side‐Chain Analogs of Solithromycin
Authors: Daher Samer S. , Lee Miseon , Jin Xiao , Teijaro Christiana N. , Wheeler Steven E. , Jacobson Marlene A. , Buttaro Bettina , Andrade Rodrigo B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThere is an urgent need for new antibiotics to mitigate the existential threat posed by antibiotic resistance. Within the ketolide class, solithromycin has emerged as one of the most promising candidates for further development. Crystallographic studies of bacterial ribosomes and ribosomal subunits complexed with solithromycin have shed light on the nature of molecular interactions (π‐stacking and H‐bonding) between from the biaryl side‐chain of the drug and key residues in the 50S ribosomal subunit. We have designed and synthesized a library of solithromycin analogs to study their structure‐activity relationships (SAR) in tandem with new computational studies. The biological activity of each analog was evaluated in terms of ribosomal affinity (Kd determined by fluorescence polarization), as well as minimum inhibitory concentration assays (MICs). Density functional theory (DFT) studies of a simple binding site model identify key H‐bonding interactions that modulate the potency of solithromycin analogs.
Conversion of Wood into Hierarchically Porous Charcoal in the 200‐Gram‐Scale using Home‐Built Kiln**
Authors: Long Leonel A. , Arnal Pablo M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe wood‐to‐charcoal process (carbonization) is crucial in developing new materials at the lab for key technological processes nowadays. Unfortunately, laboratory carbonization methods are relatively costly and produce charcoal on a one‐gram scale. This work presents a simple‐to‐build and simple‐to‐operate homemade kiln that carbonizes Eucalyptus wood chips (yield of 30±1 %) and produces charcoal on the 200‐gram scale (two orders of magnitude higher). As‐made solid particles had the typical structure, composition, and chemical behavior of charcoal obtained from wood with standard carbonization procedures. Research of charcoal‐based materials is now probably more accessible.
Fear of cancer recurrence and disease progression in long‐term prostate cancer survivors after radical prostatectomy: A longitudinal study
Authors: Meissner Valentin H. , Olze Lisa , Schiele Stefan , Ankerst Donna P. , Jahnen Matthias , Gschwend Jürgen E. , Herkommer Kathleen , Dinkel Andreas 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundAlthough fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) or disease progression is among the most endorsed unmet needs and concerns of cancer survivors, research on the course of FCR in long‐term survivors is scarce. The objective of this study was to assess longitudinally the prevalence and predictors of FCR in long‐term prostate cancer (PCa) survivors.MethodsIn all, 2417 survivors from the multicenter German Familial Prostate Cancer Database completed the Fear of Progression Questionnaire–Short Form on average 7 years (T1 in 2010) after radical prostatectomy and at follow‐up 9 years later (T2 in 2019). Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression was used to assess predictors of FCR at follow‐up.ResultsThe mean age at the initial assessment was 69.5 years (standard deviation, 5.9 years); 6.5% and 8.4% of patients reported clinical FCR at the initial assessment (T1) and at the follow‐up (T2), respectively. In a multivariable analysis controlling for concurrent associations, longitudinal predictors of FCR 9 years later included a lower level of education (odds ratio [OR], 4.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.33‐8.33), years since radical prostatectomy (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03‐1.18), biochemical recurrence (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.02‐2.72), no current adjuvant therapy (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.19‐4.76), FCR (OR, 10.75; 95% CI, 6.18‐18.72), and anxiety (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.06‐1.72).ConclusionsFCR remains a burden to certain PCa survivors even many years after their diagnosis and treatment. Health care professionals should monitor for FCR and identify patients at risk to provide appropriate psychosocial care because FCR is leading to limitations in quality of life and psychological well‐being.
Headache outcomes of a sleep behavioral intervention in breast cancer survivors: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Woldeamanuel Yohannes W. , Blayney Douglas W. , Jo Booil , Fisher Sophie E. , Benedict Catherine , Oakley‐Girvan Ingrid , Kesler Shelli R. , Palesh Oxana 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundBreast cancer survivors often have persisting headache. In a secondary analysis of the Brief Behavioral Therapy for Cancer‐Related Insomnia (BBT‐CI) clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02165839), the authors examined the effects of BBT‐CI on headache outcomes in patients with breast cancer.MethodsPatients with breast cancer who were receiving chemotherapy were randomly assigned to receive either the BBT‐CI intervention or the Healthy EAting Education Learning for healthy sleep (HEAL) control intervention, and both were delivered over 6 weeks by trained staff. Headache outcomes and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. Mixed‐effects models were used to examine longitudinal headache outcomes in the groups according to the intention to treat. Principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering were conducted to reduce 16 variables for data‐driven phenotyping.ResultsPatients in the BBT‐CI arm (n = 73) exhibited a significant reduction in headache burden over time (P = .02; effect size [Cohen d] = 0.43), whereas the reduction was not significant among those in the HEAL arm (n = 66). The first principal component was positively loaded by headache, sleep, fatigue, and nausea/vomiting and was negatively loaded by cognitive, physical, and emotional functioning. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering revealed 3 natural clusters. Cluster I (n = 58) featured the highest burden of headache, insomnia, and nausea/vomiting; cluster II (n = 50) featured the lowest HRV despite a low burden of headache and insomnia; and cluster III (n = 31) showed an inverse relation between HRV and headache‐insomnia, signifying autonomic dysfunction.ConclusionsBBT‐CI is efficacious in reducing headache burden in breast cancer survivors. Patient phenotyping demonstrates a headache type featuring sleep disturbance, nausea/vomiting, and low physical functioning—revealing similarities to migraine.Lay Summary

Breast cancer survivors often have persisting headache symptoms.

In patients with cancer, treatment of chronic headache disorders using daily medications may be challenging because of drug interactions with chemotherapy and other cancer therapies as well as patients' reluctance to add more drugs to their medicine list.

Headache and sleep disorders are closely related to each other.

This study demonstrates that a sleep behavioral therapy reduced headache burden in breast cancer survivors.

In addition, the majority of headache sufferers had a headache type with similarities to migraine—featuring sleep disturbance, nausea/vomiting, and low physical functioning.
Detection and confirmation of zilpaterol in equine hair using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Moeller Benjamin C. , Clifford Amel , Emery Richard T. , Alarcio Gwen , Favro Gianna , Arthur Rick M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractZilpaterol is a β2‐adrenergic agonist and a repartitioning agent that has a high potential for abuse in equine performance athletes. Analysis of zilpaterol in hair is an alternative sampling matrix that extends detection time periods beyond those found in urine or blood samples. Our laboratory has been screening for zilpaterol in hair for many years and recently detected and confirmed its presence in official samples. Accordingly, a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to detect and confirm zilpaterol in equine hair. Briefly, equine hair was decontaminated, cut, and pulverized prior to disruption and liquid–liquid extraction in basic conditions. Following extraction, the sample was introduced to an Agilent 1260 HPLC and zilpaterol was separated using a reverse phase gradient with a total run time of 12.5 min. Following chromatographic separation, zilpaterol and its corresponding stable isotope labeled internal standard were introduced via positive mode electrospray ionization to a Thermo Q‐Exactive Plus mass spectrometer and spectra collected using parallel reaction monitoring. The methodology was validated using in‐house criteria including characterization of accuracy, precision, recovery, linear range, matrix effects, limit of detection, and limit of quantitation, and the method was found to be fit‐for‐purpose to confirm the presence of zilpaterol in equine hair. This methodology has been used to detect and confirm the presence of zilpaterol from out‐of‐competition hair samples submitted by regional racing authorities.
Impurity profiling of methamphetamine synthesised from α‐phenylacetoacetonitrile (APAAN)
Authors: Langone Deanna , Painter Ben , Nash Clark , Johnston Martin R. , Kirkbride K. Paul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe rise in popularity of ‘designer’ precursor compounds for the synthesis of amphetamine‐type stimulants poses a significant challenge to law enforcement agencies. One such precursor is α‐phenylacetoacetonitrile (APAAN). APAAN emerged in Europe in 2010 and quickly became one of the most popular precursors for amphetamine synthesis in that region. Previous literature has identified four APAAN‐specific impurities formed in the synthesis of amphetamine; however, there is currently no research on the use of APAAN in the synthesis of methamphetamine, which is more likely to be employed in a non‐European market. In this study methamphetamine was synthesised via three common clandestine methods: the Leuckart method and two reductive amination methods. We report the identification of five new impurities and two previously identified impurities characteristic for the use of APAAN in the synthesis of methamphetamine. The newly identified impurities were characterised by MS and NMR and determined to be (E)‐3‐(methylamino)‐2‐phenylbut‐2‐enenitrile, 3‐(methylamino)‐2‐phenylbutanenitrile, 3‐methyl‐2,4‐diphenylpentanedinitrile, 2‐phenylbutyronitrile and 3‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylbutanenitrile.
One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Aminobenzophenones from 2‐Alkynyl Arylazides Catalyzed by Pd and Cu Precursors
Authors: Yang Fan , Xu Shijie , Fan Hui , Zhao Xuechun , Zhang Xiaoxiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe describe a novel one‐pot three‐step reaction of 2‐alkynyl arylazides through palladium‐catalyzed formation of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐phenylindolin‐2‐ones followed by hydrolysis of amide bonds and copper‐catalyzed decarboxylation to give 2‐aminobenzophenones. This synthetic method works well with various 2‐alkynyl arylazides and affords the products in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions.
Lithium intercalation into graphite: In operando analysis of Raman signal widths
Authors: Jovanovic Sven , Jakes Peter , Merz Steffen , Eichel Rüdiger‐A. , Granwehr Josef 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe mechanism of reversible lithium intercalation in graphite anodes is still not fully understood. In operando Raman spectroscopy provides a sensitive means to monitor structural changes during the intercalation process. Analysis of the D‐band to G‐band intensity ratio (D/G ratio) is a common method to study the structure of carbon materials. However, this approach is complicated for the investigation of graphite anodes during battery cycling, as the D‐band disappears with the onset of lithium intercalation. To circumvent this issue, the D/G ratio can be replaced by using the G‐band full‐width‐at‐half‐maximum (FWHM). In this study, an investigation of the G‐band FWHM during battery cell cycling is demonstrated as an alternative to monitor the intercalation of lithium into a graphite electrode. It was observed that lithium intercalation already occurs to a small extent during solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and that the formation of staged intercalation compounds leads to a continuous deformation of the boundary graphene layer.
Zooming‐in – Visualization of active site heterogeneity in high entropy alloy electrocatalysts using scanning electrochemical cell microscopy
Authors: Tetteh Emmanuel Batsa , Banko Lars , Krysiak Olga A. , Löffler Tobias , Xiao Bin , Varhade Swapnil , Schumacher Simon , Savan Alan , Andronescu Corina , Ludwig Alfred , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractComplex solid solutions (“high entropy alloys” with a single solid‐solution phase) hold great promise in electrocatalysis because of their nearly unlimited number of different active sites exposed at the surface. It has been shown by theoretical studies that multiple arrangements of different elements directly neighboring a binding site create millions of differently active catalytic sites. We report a zooming‐in approach using scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) to distinguish between the averaged electrochemical response of multiple active sites and active site‐specific electrochemical response. Using a thin film complex solid solution electrocatalyst and a range of SECCM single barrel capillaries with diameters from 1.2 µm to 50 nm, we observed an averaged electrochemical response for the oxygen reduction reaction with minor statistical variations for the larger capillary diameters. In contrast, significant statistical heterogeneity among the measured spots is observed for small capillary diameters. This statistical heterogeneity is attributed to the ability of the smaller probe size to address a comparatively smaller number of active sites with high or low activity dominating the measured electrocatalytic currents.
Anti‐corrosive additives for alkaline electrolyte in Al‐air batteries: NH4VO3 and polyoxometalates
Authors: Atencio Anyie P. , Aviles Juan Ramón , Bolaños Dayatri , Urcuyo Roberto , Montero Mavis L. , González‐Flores Diego , Ocón Pilar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAluminum‐air batteries are a promising alternative for portable energy storage. However, one of the significant issues in this technology is the corrosion of aluminum in alkaline electrolytes. In this study, we explored heteropolyacids (HPAs) H5PMo11Al0.5V0.5O40 and H6PMo11AlO40 as possible anti‐corrosive additives in Al7475, Al6062, and Al5052 commercial alloys. We also investigated the anti‐corrosive properties of commercial NH4VO3 and ZnO. Concerning HPAs, only H6PMo11AlO40 in combination with Al5052 showed anti‐corrosive activity. However, ZnO did not present anti‐corrosive properties in Al6062 alloy, while NH4VO3 presented anti‐corrosive properties for all three alloys. The combination of carboxymethylcellulose with NH4VO3 further improved the anti‐corrosive properties in the Al7475 alloy. We observed by using 2D Raman imaging the formation of polymeric forms of tetrahedral V+5O4 over the surface of three alloys. The main conclusion of our studies is that NH4VO3 combined with carboxymethylcellulose is a promising anti‐corrosive in the alkaline electrolyte of aluminum‐air batteries.