bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HREmo: A measurement system of students’ studying state in online group class based on rPPG technology
Authors: Zhai Keyu , Li Xueming 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The CONVID-19 Pandemic has broken the traditional teaching method, but ignorance of students’ feedback made many teachers feel the teaching quality was degraded. Although some researchers have proposed that whether students are attentive or dozing off by analysing student expressions, head corners, and eye postures, But it is difficult to adapt to the situation where students frequently lower their heads to take notes in actual situation. Therefore, this paper proposes a heart rate acquisition and analysis system HREmo based on remote photoplethysmography technology(rPPG). The time and frequency domain characteristics of the heart rate variability signal are further analysed through the heartbeat interval obtained by the pulse waveform. It has multiple advantages such as bases on objective indicators, calculates in fast speed and low cost. The recognition error of heart rate is within 1%, and it has accurate trend prediction for students’ concentration and mental workload. Furthermore, this article takes a group class as an example to describe in detail how to put HREmo in the teacher panel to help teachers provide students with more personalized status reminders.
Application of information technology in the course teaching of “Foundation Engineering”
Authors: Hong Qiankun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
With the continuous development of information teaching, the traditional and single teaching mode can no longer meet the teaching needs. In order to improve the teaching level and cultivate high-tech and high-skilled talents that meet the needs of the society, continuous teaching innovation and reform are required As the best means and method for colleges and universities to improve the quality of teaching, the construction of modernization is combined with the curriculum standards and the use of information technology to upgrade traditional teaching to improve teaching efficiency. This article takes information technology as the research object and takes the course of “Foundation Engineering” as an example to illustrate the application of information technology in the teaching reform of municipal engineering technology in higher vocational colleges.
Controlling chaos in two coupled lasers via optoelectronic delayed time cross-feedback
Authors: Yan Senlin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an optoelectronic delayed time cross-feedback method to control chaos in two coupled lasers. The technical solution of chaos-control of two lasers is designed out to convert light from one laser into a photocurrent by a photoelectric converter, and then the delayed time photocurrent is cross added on another laser to suppress chaos or guide other dynamics behaviours. We adjust feedback levels or delayed time to realize chaos-control, and which can lead to show all kinds of dynamics states. We find that chaos of two lasers is suppressed into different cycle-one states while the cycle-one controlled region is found. We analyse also the laser’s damping oscillation process for chaos-control of two lasers from chaos becoming of a cycle-one state when feedback levels shift. We find that chaos in the two lasers can be controlled in different quasi-periodic states, such as a cycle-one, cycle-2, a cycle-3, a cycle-5, and other quasi-cycle states while we find some quasi-cycle controlled distribution regions. The listed results imply that chaos-control of two coupled lasers can be effectively realized via the optoelectronic delayed time cross-feedback method. Our Result is very helpful for our studies of controlling complex dynamic systems, chaos, and laser technology.
Researching on mathematical computation and experimental bench design of high-pressure blowing system
Authors: He Xiguang , Lou Jingjun , Song Fei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Utilized in sinking and surfacing of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle(AUV), the high-pressure blowing system(HPBS)had played an important role in maneuvering pilot of AUV and must be investigated thoroughly, by which the reserve buoyancy can be controlled. Because of the costliness of experiment on the real ship, an experimental bench of HPBS had been proposed and designed. After mathematical computations of sinking and surfacing processes of AUV, the pressure vessel prototype and it critical physical parameters selection were accomplished, which were used as ballast tank and sea environmental tank of the HPBS experimental bench. Based on those, the blueprint of the total experimental bench had been drawn and the working course of HPBS had been demonstrated.
Study on periodic orbit for the asteroid based on the dipole segment model
Authors: Li Xu , Niu Jiaxi , Yang Honglei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Asteroids are exist widely in the solar system, the study of orbital dynamics in the gravitational field of asteroids is helpful to reveal the origin and evolution of the solar system, and has potential scientific significance and engineering value. Due to the complex and irregular gravitational field characteristics of asteroids, there are abundant dynamic phenomena and mechanisms nearby, which also brings challenges to understanding the orbital dynamics and designing the periodic orbits for asteroids. In this paper, the dynamical model for the elongated asteroids is established. The model consists of a line segment and two point masses. The periodic orbits of the model are solved using the numerical technique of Poincare surface of section. The stability of the orbits is also calculated and analyzed. It is found that the shape and stability of periodic orbits are related to the islands on the Poincare map.
Enhanced physical mechanics properties of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene based polyurethane crosslinking with modified graphene oxide
Authors: Liu Yahao , Zheng Jian , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Yu , Yu Guibo , Jia Yunfei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this work, a series of composites with enhanced tensile strength and fracture strain were obtained via the crosslinking between modified graphene oxide (MGO) and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) chain. The preparation, characterization and physical mechanics properties of the prepared composites have been displayed detailedly. As a result, the tensile strength of composite containing 0.1wt% of MGO (PUM-0.1) increased by 57.8%. Impressively, the fracture strain of PUM-0.1 composite was 1292.6%, which is higher than that of polyurethane without MGO. Moreover, the resistance capability to deformation of the composites has also been enhanced significantly.
The geometric phase and the dry friction of sleeping tops on inclined planes
Authors: Barthmann Sven , Fischer Thomas M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We report on the motion of a spinning sleeping top on an inclined plane. Below a critical inclination angle the sleeping tops are force free. The trajectory of a sleeping top on weakly inclined planes in the adiabatic limit is invariant of the angular frequency of the top and thus invariant under a rescaling of the time, however not invariant under time reversal. The stationary trajectory of the sleeping top is characterized by its Hannay type geometric angle to the in plane horizontal direction. At larger inclinations of the plane the stationary motion of the top becomes unstable and the top accelerates downhill. The behavior points towards a complex law of dry friction of the contact point between the top tip and the material of the inclined plane that depends on a slip parameter. We propose a phenomenological law of dry friction that can explain the relaxation of the top into the sleeping position, the geometric behavior of the top trajectories, and the instability of the stationary motion at larger inclination angles.
Comparative study of high-temperature specific heat for Al–Pd–Mn icosahedral quasicrystals and crystal approximants
Authors: Fukushima Kento , Suyama Hiroki , Tokumoto Yuki , Kamimura Yasushi , Takagiwa Yoshiki , Edagawa Keiichi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Quasicrystals (QCs) have a peculiar structural order characterized by quasiperiodicity and non-crystallographical point group symmetry. To reveal their characteristic physical property reflecting the peculiar structural order, specific heat measurements were performed for Al–Pd–Mn icosahedral QCs (i-QCs) and a series of crystal approximants (CAs) of 2/1- 1/1- and 1/0-cubic types at 400–1200 K. The measured specific heat per atom at constant pressure

c

P

was converted to that at constant volume

c

V

by using data of the thermal expansion coefficient and bulk modulus. Below ∼700 K, the

c

V

values of all the specimens of i-QCs and CAs were close to

3

k

B

(

k

B

:

Boltzman’s constant), i.e., they obeyed Dulong–Petit’s law. With further increase in temperature, the i-QCs showed a dramatic increase in

c

V

with increasing temperature, and reached

5

k

B

at 1100 K. In contrast, the 2/1 CAs showed a similar but slightly smaller increase in

c

V

,

whereas the 1/1 and 1/0 CAs showed a negligible increase. The systematic behavior of

c

V

in the order of CAs and QC demonstrates that a large excessive specific heat is a characteristic feature of QCs, reflecting the peculiarity of their structural order. Its possible physical mechanism was discussed in terms of anharmonic atomic vibrations, electronic excitations, and phasonic excitations.
German pig farmers’ perceived agency under different nitrogen policies
Authors: Stuhr Luisa , Bodirsky Benjamin Leon , Jaeger-Erben Melanie , Beier Felicitas , Hunecke Claudia , Collignon Quitterie , Lotze-Campen Hermann 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Agricultural nitrogen (N) emissions represent the most substantial N source in Germany. Even though multiple policies have been introduced at the EU and German national level to reduce agriculturally sourced reactive Nitrogen (N), Germany is exceeding the target of the government’s national sustainability strategy to limit N surpluses. To form a better view of the current N policy challenges, this paper seeks to identify what constrains family-managed pig farmers in Germany from adopting N-reduced farming practices. Our study applies a practice-based approach and reconstructs farmers’ practice and individual perception of the possible capability to change practices (perceived agency) through problem-centred interviews. The study identifies different ideal types of farmers based on their reported farming practices and perceived agency: The first type feeling overburdened and weary of the current requirements, the second type acting based on routine and incremental improvement efforts, and the third type adapting early and inventing. However, regarding the perceived agency to adopt N-reduced farming practices our results show that all three farmer types report only low to little agency. Based on the findings, the study identifies type-specific and type-spanning constraining factors. To resolve farmers’ perceived contradictions and inconsistencies which result in the unwillingness to accept further N reduction measures, we argue that policies need to address these factors. To enhance long-term paths for sustainable N-reduced farming practices, this study concludes that N policies need to shift towards outcome-oriented policies to create a collective and holistic understanding of the desired outcome while considering their embeddedness into regional and individual contexts.
Energy consumption and charging load profiles from long-haul truck electrification in the United States
Authors: Tong Fan , Wolfson Derek , Jenn Alan , Scown Corinne D , Auffhammer Maximilian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The urgent need to decarbonize the transportation sector combined with falling battery prices has spurred industry and policy interest in long-haul truck electrification. The charging behavior and resulting loads from electrified long-haul freight trucks are crucial for the smooth operation of the electric grid and have far-reaching environmental impacts (e.g., greenhouse gas and other air pollutant emissions). However, the aggregate energy impact of a fleetwide shift to electrified long-haul freight trucking has not been explored. This study combines electric truck design scenarios, bottom-up truck weight modeling, vehicle energy modeling, large-scale truck traffic data, and simulation of likely operation and charging behaviors to estimate end-use energy consumption and location-specific hourly charging loads for a national fleet of long-haul electric trucks. Relative to a fleet of future diesel trucks, electrification would reduce direct end-use energy consumption by 0.9 × 1018 J (0.9 quadrillion BTU), but electrification might increase life cycle energy consumption depending on the electricity source. The electricity required to charge long-haul electric trucks is equivalent to five percent of annual electricity consumption in the United States (US). The simulated truck charging loads peak during the day across the US grid regions, but the charging peaks’ exact timing is sensitive to when trucks are dispatched for operation. The load shapes suggest that electric trucks’ charging loads can coincide with peaks in solar power generation, and planning could enable on- or off-site integration between truck charging stations and renewable electricity generation.
Sustainable Laboratory-Driven Method to Decrease Repeat, Same-Day WBC Differentials at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Tran Ann , Hudoba Monika , Markin Todd , Roland Kristine 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
A CBC with WBC differential is often ordered when a CBC alone would be sufficient for patient care. Performing unnecessary WBC differentials adds to costs in the laboratory. Our objective was to implement a laboratory middleware algorithm to cancel repeat, same-day WBC differentials to achieve lasting improvements in laboratory resource allocation.

Methods
Repeat same-day WBC differentials were first canceled only on intensive care unit samples; after a successful trial period, the algorithm was applied hospital-wide. We retrospectively reviewed CBC with differential orders from pre- and postimplementation periods to estimate the reduction in WBC differentials and potential cost savings.

Results
The algorithm led to a monthly WBC differential cancellation rate of 5.40% for a total of 10,195 canceled WBC differentials during the cumulative postimplementation period (September 25, 2019, to December 31, 2020). Nearly all (99.94%) differentials remained canceled. Most patients only had one WBC differential canceled (range, 1-38). Savings estimates showed savings of $0.99 CAD per canceled differential and 1,060 minutes (17.7 hours) of technologist time.

Conclusions
A middleware algorithm to cancel repeat, same-day WBC differentials is a simple and sustainable way to achieve lasting improvements in laboratory utilization.
spheresDT/Mpacts-PiCS: cell tracking and shape retrieval in membrane-labeled embryos
Authors: Thiels Wim , Smeets Bart , Cuvelier Maxim , Caroti Francesca , Jelier Rob 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Uncovering the cellular and mechanical processes that drive embryo formation requires an accurate read out of cell geometries over time. However, automated extraction of 3D cell shapes from time-lapse microscopy remains challenging, especially when only membranes are labeled.

Results
We present an image analysis framework for automated tracking and three-dimensional cell segmentation in confocal time lapses. A sphere clustering approach allows for local thresholding and application of logical rules to facilitate tracking and unseeded segmentation of variable cell shapes. Next, the segmentation is refined by a discrete element method simulation where cell shapes are constrained by a biomechanical cell shape model. We apply the framework on Caenorhabditis elegans embryos in various stages of early development and analyze the geometry of the 7- and 8-cell stage embryo, looking at volume, contact area and shape over time.

Availability and implementation
The Python code for the algorithm and for measuring performance, along with all data needed to recreate the results is freely available at 10.5281/zenodo.5108416 and 10.5281/zenodo.4540092. The most recent version of the software is maintained at https://bitbucket.org/pgmsembryogenesis/sdt-pics.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Disentangling the roles of social and individual effects on cadmium tolerance in the ant Temnothorax nylanderi
Authors: Honorio Romain , Jacquier Lauren , Doums Claudie , Molet Mathieu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Urbanization brings new pressures for individuals. Among them, trace elements, such as cadmium, are important stressors. A recent study highlights a weaker negative effect of cadmium on city colonies relative to their forest counterparts in the ant Temnothorax nylanderi. Here, we aim to test whether the better tolerance of city colonies in this species results from a better ability of workers to rear larvae despite stressful conditions and/or a better ability of larvae to develop properly despite stressful conditions. We performed a cross-fostering experiment of workers and larvae from city and forest colonies, in common garden conditions in the laboratory. Colonies were fed using cadmium-enriched or cadmium-free food for 2 months, and we measured four life-history traits. As expected, cadmium had a negative impact on all traits. Unexpectedly, we did not observe a better tolerance of city colonies to cadmium, contrary to our previous study, which prevented us from disentangling the respective contributions of workers and larvae to cadmium tolerance. Interestingly, forest colonies seemed to be of better quality in our laboratory conditions. Finally, colony size increased adult survival, but only in the absence of cadmium, suggesting that social buffering could collapse with strong external disturbances.
Cytoplasmic EBP50 and elevated PARP1 are unfavorable prognostic factors in ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Matsumoto Toshihide , Yoki Ako , Konno Ryo , Oguri Yasuko , Hashimura Miki , Tochimoto Masataka , Nakagawa Mayu , Jiang Zesong , Ishibashi Yu , Ito Takashi , Kodera Yoshio , Saegusa Makoto 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) experience frequent recurrence, which is most likely due to chemoresistance. We used shotgun proteomics analysis and identified upregulation of ezrin-binding phosphoprotein 50 (EBP50) in recurrent OCCC samples. Cytoplasmic and/or nuclear (Cyt/N), but not membranous, EBP50 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in recurrent OCCC as compared with that of primary tumors. OCCC cells expressing cytoplasmic EBP50 were significantly less susceptible to cisplatin (CDDP)-induced apoptosis compared with cells expressing membranous EBP50. Abrogation of resistance following knockdown of cytoplasmic EBP50 was accompanied by decreased XIAP and BCL2, increased BAX and increased caspase-3 cleavage. We found that poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase1 (PARP1), which is involved in DNA damage detection and repair, binds to EBP50 through its PDZ1 domain. CDDP treatment of cells expressing cytoplasmic (but not membranous) EBP50 increased nuclear PARP1 expression, whereas knockdown of EBP50 cells decreased PARP1 expression and activity following CDDP treatment. Finally, OCCC patients with a combination of Cyt/N EBP50 and high PARP1 score had worst the prognosis for overall and progression-free survival. Together, our data suggest that cytoplasmic EBP50 inhibits apoptosis and promotes OCCC survival through stabilization of PARP1 activity and modulation of the XIAP/BCL2/BAX axis. This may increase the likelihood of tumor recurrence, and we therefore suggest a combined analysis for EBP50 and PARP1 may have great utility in OCCC prediction and prognosis.
Impaired myocardial work efficiency in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: D'Andrea Antonello , Ilardi Federica , D'Ascenzi Flavio , Bandera Francesco , Benfari Giovanni , Esposito Roberta , Malagoli Alessandro , Mandoli Giulia Elena , Santoro Ciro , Russo Vincenzo , D’Alto Michele , Cameli Matteo ,   Working Group of Echocardiography of the Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC)
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Aims
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a growing public health problem. Impairment in left ventricular (LV) diastolic function has been proposed as a key pathophysiologic determinant. However, the role of concomitant systolic dysfunction despite preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) has not been well characterized. To analyse LV myocardial deformation, diastolic function, and contractile reserve (CR) in patients with HFpEF at rest and while during exercise, as well as their correlation with functional capacity.

Methods and results
Standard echo, lung ultrasound, LV 2D speckle-tracking strain, and myocardial work efficiency (MWE) were performed at rest and during exercise in 230 patients with HFpEF (female sex 61.2%; 71.3 ± 5.3 years) in 150 age- and sex-comparable healthy controls. LV mass index and LAVI were significantly increased in HFpEF. Conversely, global longitudinal strain (GLS) and MWE were consequently reduced in HFpEF patients. During effort, HFpEF showed reduced exercise time, capacity, and VO2 peak. Increase in LVEF and LV GLS was significantly lower in HFpEF patients, while LV E/e′ ratio, pulmonary pressures, and B-lines by lung ultrasound rose. A multivariable analysis outlined that LV MWE at rest was closely related to maximal Watts reached (beta coefficient: 0.43; P &lt; 0.001), peak VO2 (beta: 0.50; P &lt; 0.001), LV E/e′ (beta: 0.52, P &lt; 0.001), and number of B-lines during effort (beta: −0.36; P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
The lower resting values of LV GLS and MWE in HFpEF patients suggest an early subclinical myocardial damage, which seems to be closely associated with lower exercise capacity, greater pulmonary congestion, and blunted LV contractile reserve during effort.
Cover your assets: non-performing loans and coverage ratios in Europe
Authors: Alessi Lucia , Bruno Brunella , Carletti Elena , Neugebauer Katja , Wolfskeil Isabella 
Published: July 2021

SUMMARY
We analyse the determinants of coverage ratios and their components [non-performing loans (NPLs) and loss loan reserves] in a large sample of European banks. We find that bank-specific factors, particularly credit risk variables (including forward-looking indicators) and capitalization, matter the most. Coverage ratios adjust insufficiently as asset quality deteriorates, except in high-NPL banks. Capitalization has a positive effect on coverage ratio, pointing to a complementarity between the two buffers. At the country level, specific macroprudential levers and developing NPL secondary markets enhance coverage ratios. Our findings emphasize the importance of micro oversight and call for more stringent macro policies in high-NPL countries.