bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Facile Strategy for the Preparation of Carboxymethylcellulose‐Derived Polymer Dots and Their Application to Detect Tetracyclines
Authors: Zhang Siyu , Wang Ying , Yang Guang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDeveloping nonconjugated fluorescent polymer dots based on cellulose materials through a simple and economical method is of high value for sensing or imaging. However, great challenges are still being suffered. Herein, strong blue‐green emission water‐soluble cellulose polymer dots (CPDs) are synthesized with excellent stability using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and citric acid (CA) as precursors via a mild reaction and facile synthesis process. Near‐spherical nanoparticles with an average size of approximately 11.3 nm and quantum yield of 11.5% are obtained. Importantly, CPDs can be utilized as an excellent fluorescent probe for the detection of tetracyclines (TCs) in aqueous solutions through fluorescence quenching via the inner filter effect. The detection limit for fluorescent CPDs for TC detection is found to be as low as 4.1 × 10‐9 m, and two good linear relationships for TC concentration ranging from 51.8 × 10‐9 to 256.8 × 10‐9 m (R2 = 0.996) and 0 × 10‐6 to 15.3 × 10‐6 m (R2 = 0.997) are obtained. Finally, the fluorescent CPD fluorescent probe is successfully utilized to detect TC in real samples, including tap water, milk, and river water.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Alternating (Ultra‐High Molecular Weight) Multiblock Copolymers via a Combination of Anionic Polymerization and Polycondensation
Authors: Heck Matthias , Botha Carlo , Wilhelm Manfred , Hirschberg Valerian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article presents a fast, straightforward synthesis approach to polymerize alternating multiblock copolymers, ultra‐high molecular weight (UHMW) (homo)polymers as well as precursors for complex macromolecular topologies such as comb or barbwire architectures. The one‐pot synthesis strategy proposed in this work is based on anionic polymerization via a bifunctional initiator and the subsequent linking of macro dianions with a bifunctional linker, additionally overcoming the limitations associated with the monomer reactivity. Thus, the synthetic route guarantees the repeating size of polymer blocks and an equal distribution of functional groups in precursors for complex topologies. Dianions of polystyrene (PS), polyisoprene‐b‐polystyrene‐b‐polyisoprene, and poly‐2‐vinylpyridine‐b‐polystyrene‐b‐poly‐2‐vinylpyridine are linked with ‐dibromo‐para‐xylene to UHMW and multiblock copolymers. Multiblock copolymers with on average up to 50 well‐defined alternating A and B blocks are accessible within 15 min.
Structural Insulation Materials from Plant Resources for Building
Authors: Thu Aung Htut , Zakharov Alexander I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNowadays, researchers are focusing on the methods of using recycled industrial/agricultural wastes as raw materials, which are not only economically but also environmentally useful. In the recent years, many scholars have conducted research on the rational use of rice husks (RHs) and found that RHs are rich in inorganic/organic components and used in combination with the certain building materials to produce new green composite building materials. This paper studies the method of using RH processed products and the sodium silicate solution (liquid glass) made from RH ash to produce cheap wood substitute composite materials, which can be improved the insulation performance of the wall greatly. Obtained results are determined by comparing with the properties of standard polymer composite materials such as particleboards, chipboards, and medium‐density fiberboards (MDF). The significance of the work is pointing out by solving the problem of recycling large‐tonnage agricultural waste and reproduce products with the consumer's value.
Clinical RNA sequencing confirms compound heterozygous intronic variants in RYR1 in a patient with congenital myopathy, respiratory failure, neonatal brain hemorrhage, and d‐transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Shillington Amelle , Zea Vera Alonso , Perry Tanya , Hopkin Robert , Thomas Cameron , Cooper David , Suhrie Kristen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDefects in the RYR1 (OMIM#180901) gene lead to Ryanodine receptor type 1‐related myopathies (RYR1‐RM); the most common subgroup of congenital myopathies.MethodsCongenital myopathy presents a diagnostic challenge due to the need for multiple testing modalities to identify the many different genetic etiologies. In this case, the patient remained undiagnosed after whole‐exome sequencing (WES), chromosomal microarray, methylation analysis, targeted deletion and duplication studies, and targeted repeat expansion studies. Clinical whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) was then pursued as part of a research study to identify a diagnosis.ResultsWGS identified compound heterozygous RYR1 intronic variants, RNA sequencing confirmed both variants to be pathogenic causing RYR1‐RM in a phenotype of severe congenital hypotonia with respiratory failure from birth, neonatal brain hemorrhage, and congenital heart disease involving transposition of the great arteries.ConclusionWhile there is an ongoing debate about the clinical superiority of WGS versus WES for patients with a suspected genetic condition, this scenario highlights a weakness of WES as well as the added cost and delay in diagnosis timing with having WGS follow WES or even ending further genetic testing with a negative WES. While knowledge gaps still exist for many intronic variants, transcriptome analysis provides a way of validating the resulting dysfunction caused by these variants and thus allowing for appropriate pathogenicity classification. This is the second published case report of a patient with pathogenic intronic variants in RYR1‐RM, with clinical RNA testing confirming variant pathogenicity and therefore the diagnosis suggesting that for some patients careful analysis of a patient's genome and transcriptome are required for a complete genetic evaluation. The diagnostic odyssey experienced by this patient highlights the importance of early, rapid WGS.
Reducing residual‐motion artifacts in iterative 3D CBCT reconstruction in image‐guided radiation therapy
Authors: Peterlik Igor , Strzelecki Adam , Lehmann Mathias , Messmer Philippe , Munro Peter , Paysan Pascal , Plamondon Mathieu , Seghers Dieter 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurpose: Recent evaluations of a 3D iterative cone‐beam computed tomography (iCBCT) reconstruction method available on Varian radiation treatment devices demonstrated that iCBCT provides superior image quality when compared to analytical Feldkamp‐Davis‐Kress (FDK) method. However, iCBCT employs statistical penalized likelihood (PL) that is known to be highly sensitive to inconsistencies due to physiological motion occurring during the acquisition. We propose a computationally inexpensive extension of iCBCT addressing this deficiency.Methods: During the iterative process, the gradients of PL are modified to avoid the generation of motion‐related artifacts. To assess the impact of this modification, we propose a motion simulation generating CBCT projections of a moving anatomy together with artifact‐free images used as ground truth. Contrast‐to‐noise ratio and power spectra of difference images are computed to quantify the impact of the motion on reconstructed CBCT volumes as well as the effect of the proposed modification.Results: Using both simulated and clinical data, it is shown that the motion of patient's abdominal wall during the acquisition results in artifacts that can be quantified as low‐frequency components in volumes reconstructed with iCBCT. Further, a quantitative evaluation demonstrates that the proposed modification of PL reduces these low‐frequency components. While preserving the advantages of PL, it effectively suppresses the propagation of motion‐related artifacts into clinically important regions, thus increasing the motion resiliency of iCBCT.Conclusions: The proposed modified iterative reconstruction method significantly improves the quality of CBCT images of anatomies suffering from residual motion.
Efficacy of combination therapy of mid‐urethral sling and low‐dose Abobotulinumtoxin‐A injection in mixed urinary incontinence
Authors: Hajebrahimi Sakineh , Shamsi‐sisi Hooshang , Jahantabi Elham , Salehi‐Pourmehr Hanieh , Hashim Hashim 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the outcome of combined transobturator tape sling (TOT) and low dose intradetrusor injection of Abobotulinumtoxin‐A (Abobot‐A, Dysport®) in women with mixed urinary incontinence (MUI).MethodsThis randomized, active comparator‐controlled, parallel‐group, two‐part clinical trial was conducted on women who had positive Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) + detrusor overactivity (DO), cough‐associated DO. In Part 1, 20 women with MUI who had a failure of medical and behavioral therapies to cure MUI, randomized in two groups receiving TOT surgery alone, or in combination with Dysport® injection (n = 10 in each group), and then Part 2 was initiated as a prospective open‐label on 40 more patients. We performed cystoscopy and injected 300 U of Dysport®in 20–30 intradetrusor injection sites in each patient.ResultsThe patient's symptoms in both groups decreased significantly after treatment. The symptoms were improved significantly in the combination therapy group according to the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐overactive bladder (ICIQ‐OAB) questionnaire (p < .001), and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐urinary Incontinence‐short form (ICIQ‐UI‐SF) (p = .041) in comparing with the TOT group. In Part 2, the mean score was 17.10 (4.75) for ICIQ‐UI‐SF and 9.22 (2.89) for ICIQ‐OAB before the treatment. Twelve weeks after the intervention, the median (interquartile range: IQR) of ICIQ‐OAB symptoms (2.0 [3.0]; p < .001) and ICIQ‐UI‐SF decreased, too (1. 0 [2.0]; p < .001). Considering improvement using Patient Global Impression of Improvement scale, 46 (92.0%) stated that they had significant subjective improvement of their symptoms.ConclusionsCombination therapy was accompanied with a promising effect in the patients with MUI according to the results of standardized questionnaires. However, further studies with controlled arms are recommended.
Neuromuscular treatment approach for women with chronic pelvic pain syndrome improving pelvic pain and functionality
Authors: Patil Soha , Daniel Gabrielle , Vyas Rakhi , Tailor Yogita , Howell Melanie , Ahmed Tayyaba , Reutter Christian , Shrikhande Allyson 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsReporting the effects of treating underlying myofascial dysfunction and neuropathic pain in women with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS).MethodsRetrospective longitudinal study of 186 women with CPPS treated with ultrasound‐guided peripheral nerve blocks and trigger point injections to pelvic floor muscles alongside pelvic floor physical therapy once weekly for 6 weeks in an outpatient setting. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Functional Pelvic Pain Scale (FPPS) questionnaires quantified pain and function in the pelvis. Working, intercourse, sleeping, walking, running, lifting, bladder, and bowel were the function categories. Statistical significance was established by p value less than .05 in paired two‐sample t‐test.ResultsVAS improved by 2.14 where average VAS before treatment was 6.61 (standard deviation [SD] 2.45; p < .05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.26–6.96) and average VAS after treatment was 4.47 (SD 2.71; p < .05, 95% CI = 4.08–4.86). Total FPPS decreased by 3.38 from 11.26 (SD 6.51; p < .05, 95% CI = 10.32–12.19) before treatment to 7.88 (SD 6.22; p < .05, 95% CI = 6.99–8.78) after treatment. Working, intercourse, and sleeping accounted for the highest statistically significant improvement.ConclusionFindings support the success of the comprehensive treatment protocol. Patients who had persistent symptoms after a full course of pelvic floor physical therapy experienced improvements in pain levels and function once it was combined with ultrasound‐guided nerve blocks and trigger point injections, interactively treating underlying neuromuscular dysfunction.
Levocarnitine supplementation for management of hypertriglyceridemia in patients receiving parenteral nutrition
Authors: Grucz Traci M. , Crow Jessica , Sugrue David , Davis Stephanie , Gager Erin , Beattie Jessica , Shermock Kenneth M. , Jarrell Andrew S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLevocarnitine deficiency has been observed in patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) and can cause or worsen hypertriglyceridemia. The objective was to characterize use of levocarnitine supplementation in PN and evaluate its effect on triglyceride levels in hospitalized adults.MethodsThis retrospective, single‐center study included patients with triglyceride levels ≥175 mg/dl while receiving PN who had a subsequent reduction in lipid injectable emulsion dose. A piecewise linear regression was used to evaluate trends in triglyceride levels before and after the intervention, defined as initiation of levocarnitine in PN for the levocarnitine group, or reduction in lipid injectable emulsion alone for the control group.ResultsTwo hundred sixty‐one patients who received PN had an elevated triglyceride level and lipid injectable emulsion dose reduction, of which 97 (37.2%) received levocarnitine in PN. The median (IQR) levocarnitine dose added to PN was 8.0 (5.7–9.9) mg/kg. Triglyceride levels at 30 days post‐intervention did not differ between groups (125 vs 176 mg/dl, P = .345). The addition of levocarnitine to PN was associated with a significantly greater rate of reduction in triglyceride levels pre‐intervention to post‐intervention compared with a reduction in lipid injectable emulsion alone (–11 vs –3 mg/dl per day; 95% CI, –15 to –2; P = .012).ConclusionIn hospitalized adults with hypertriglyceridemia who had a lipid injectable emulsion dose reduction, the addition of levocarnitine in PN was not associated with a difference in triglyceride levels at 30 days; however, a greater rate of improvement in pre‐intervention to post‐intervention triglyceride levels was observed.
Telephone nurses' perceived stress, self‐efficacy and empathy in their work with frequent callers
Authors: Skogevall Sofia , Holmström Inger K. , Kaminsky Elenor , Håkansson Eklund Jakob 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimTo examine telephone nurses' perceived stress, self‐efficacy and empathy in their work with answering calls from frequent callers.DesignThe study is a quantitative questionnaire survey study with a comparative design.MethodsTelephone nurses (N = 199) answered a survey containing three instruments: Perceived Stress Scale, General Self‐Efficacy Scale and Jefferson's Scale of Empathy. Correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance were performed to test the research questions.ResultsSignificant negative correlations were found between stress involving calls from FCs and self‐efficacy (r = −.238), and significant negative correlations between stress involving calls from frequent callers and empathy (r = −.185). It was further revealed that telephone nurses who had worked less than 30 years scored higher on Jefferson's Scale of empathy than those who had worked more than 30 years, F(1, 183) = 4.98, η2 = 0.027.
Hierarchical MoS2/polyaniline binary hybrids with high performance for improving fire safety of epoxy resin
Authors: Feng Xiaming , Cai Wei , Wang Xin , Hu Yuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHere we report a facile strategy to fabricate phosphoric acid doped polyaniline/molybdenum disulfide (PANI/MoS2) hybrids as high‐performance nanofillers in epoxy (EP) resin for the first time. In situ growth of PANI on the surface of two‐dimensional MoS2 template resulted in the uniform dispersion and strong interfacial adhesion of PANI/MoS2 hybrids within EP matrix, which can be confirmed by the obvious increase (13.5°C) in glass transition temperature (Tg) of EP composites. The MoS2 nanosheets also acted as a critical component to generate synergistic effect with PANI on reducing the fire hazards of EP resin. It resulted in a remarkable removal of flammable decomposed products and a considerable reduction of toxic CO yield. The dramatical decreases in real‐time smoke density and total smoke production, and high‐graphitized char layer in condensed phase were obtained for EP composite with 5 wt% PANI/MoS2 hybrids. The multiple synergistic effects (synergistic dispersion and synergistic char formation) are believed to be the primary source for these obvious enhancements of properties of EP composites. This facile strategy may achieve the potential application of functionalized MoS2 in polymeric nanocomposites.
Evaluating the association between antidepressant dose trajectories and treatment augmentation in pediatric depression
Authors: Spence O'Mareen , Reeves Gloria , dosReis Susan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeTo identify antidepressant dose trajectories in the first 6‐months of antidepressant initiation and to evaluate the association between antidepressant dose trajectories and augmentation with another psychotropic medication.MethodsUsing the IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus database, we identified 5655 commercially insured youth (3–18 years) with depression who newly initiated an antidepressant anytime from January 2007 to June 2015. No antidepressant use within 1 year prior to the index prescription defined new use. Latent class growth analysis of antidepressant dosing in the 6 months after initiation defined the exposure groups. The outcome was any regimen change, that is, antidepressant augmentation with another psychotropic or discontinuation of the antidepressant, with and without switching to another psychotropic. Baseline covariates measured in the 6 months before antidepressant initiation included demographic factors, psychiatric comorbidities, and health service use. Multinomial logistic regression tested the association between antidepressant dose trajectories and the odds of an antidepressant regimen change.ResultsFive dose trajectories were sharp decline (n = 897; 16%), slow decline (n = 1029; 18%), stable minimum dose (n = 1397; 25%), stable maximum dose (n = 1783; 32%), and increasing high dose (n = 549; 10%). Relative to the stable minimum dose group, the sharp and slow decline groups were more likely to discontinue the antidepressant, either switch to another psychotropic (OR [odds ratio]: 5.91; 95%CI: 3.23–10.80 and OR: 1.67; 95%CI: 1.04–2.68, respectively) or stop all psychotropic medication (OR: 6.64; 95%CI: 4.24–10.39 and OR: 1.62; 95%CI: 1.22–2.13, respectively). However, the stable maximum and increasing high‐dose groups were less likely to discontinue, either switch (OR: 0.38; 95%CI: 0.24–0.61 and OR: 0.30; 95%CI: 0.16–0.59, respectively) or stop all psychotropic medications (OR: 0.15; 95%CI: 0.12–0.20 and OR: 0.02; 95%CI: 0.01–0.03 respectively) than augment with another psychotropic.ConclusionsThe findings from this cross‐sectional study demonstrate an association between antidepressant dose trajectories within 6 months of initiating treatment and the odds of augmenting with another psychotropic.
Synthesis and properties of polypeptoid‐containing block copolymers: A review
Authors: Zhou Peng , Shen Ting , Ling Jun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPolypeptoids, with similar structure to polypeptides, are nowadays rising stars due to their excellent solubility, processibility, enzymatic stability, and biocompatibility. Attractive properties of polypeptoid‐containing copolymers endow them with various applications in surface antifouling, biosensing, microreactor, drug delivery, and stimuli–response. The syntheses of block copolymers containing polypeptoids have attracted a great amount of interest so far. The review summarizes the synthetic strategies of polypeptoid‐containing copolymers, that is, polypeptoid‐b‐polypeptoid, −polypeptide, −polyester, −polyether and ‐polyolefin developed recently, as well as their phase‐separation, assembly and stimuli–response properties.
Integrating SWATH‐MS proteomics and transcriptome analysis to preliminarily identify three DEGs as biomarkers for proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Wu Haijian , Wang Dongguo , Zheng Qianyin , Xu Zhiwei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeWe intended to preliminarily find differentially expressed proteins that play crucial roles in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and lay the foundation for subsequent further research on the mechanism.Experimental DesignHere, we developed a new strategy integrated the sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion (SWATH) mass spectra (MS) with multi‐dataset joint analysis to screen for the PDR plasma biomarker. The annotation of the given gene list was performed with ClueGO function analysis. Additionally, the protein–protein interaction relationship was also revealed by the STRING database.ResultsIn SWATH‐MS assays, we identified 23 upregulated and 13 downregulated proteins in PDR plasma. In the mRNA database analysis, 375 genes were identified as differentially expressed genes in GSE102485. Only three genes (FCGR3A, DPEP2, and ADGRF5) were characterized as upregulated in both the dataset and the SWATH‐MS list. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of FCGR3A, DPEP2, and ADGRF5 in distinguishing PDR from others was 0.739, 0.770, and 0.739.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceWe provide a novel strategy for biomarker screening and identified plasma FCGR3A, DPEP2, and ADGRF5 as potential biomarkers for patients with PDR. Identifying the key molecules of the disease is essential for the development of new therapeutic molecules and new uses of existing drugs.
Exploring Physical Properties of Gravitationally Decoupled Anisotropic Solution in 5D Einstein‐Gauss‐Bonnet Gravity
Authors: Maurya S. K. , Tello‐Ortiz Francisco , Govender M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper we present two new classes of solutions describing compact objects within the framework of five‐dimensional Einstein‐Gauss‐Bonnet (EGB) gravity. We employ the Complete Geometric Deformation (CGD) formalism which extends the Minimal Geometric Deformation (MGD) technique adopted in earlier investigations to generate anisotropic models from known isotropic solutions. The two solutions presented arise from mimicking the constraint for the pressure and density respectively which generate independent deformation functions. Rigorous physical tests show that contributions from CDG suppress the effective pressure but enhances the effective density and mass of the compact object, with the suppression/enhancement being modified by the EGB coupling constant. One of the highlights in our findings is that the deformation function along the radial component in CDG is nonzero at the boundary when we mimic both the pressure and density while in MGD we observe a vanishing of this deformation function at the boundary of the fluid configuration only for the pressure constraint. The difference in behavior of the deformation function at the surface predicts different stellar characteristics such as mass‐to‐radius and surface redshifts.