bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the hamming code on pascalabc.net while studying the theoretical foundations of informatics
Authors: Dzhenzher V. O. , Denisova L. V. 
Published: December 2021

Theoretical Foundations of Informatics is a classic branch of discrete mathematics taught to students in various information, mathematical and technical fields. The presentation of the material is mainly carried out using matrix algebra. This article describes a methodology for teaching the topic of error correcting coding to pedagogical university students as part of the course on theoretical foundations of informatics and considers an algorithm for obtaining a Hamming code through a tabular template. An original implementation of the considered algorithm in PascalABC. NET is proposed. When writing code, modern techniques are used: dynamic arrays, slices, safe slices, conditional (ternary) operation, foreach loop, sequence methods, lambda expressions, tuples, documenting comments, etc. The functions of the School module from the official delivery of the PascalABC.NET compiler are used to work with binary numbers. The described methodology has been tested in teaching 4-year students of the pedagogical direction, the profile "Mathematics and Informatics" of the Orenburg State Pedagogical University and has shown its applicability. In addition, it is possible to use the proposed approach for teaching schoolchildren at a specialized level or in extracurricular work.
Elements of the methodology of teaching vector graphics based on the free graphic editor LibreOffice Draw at the level of basic general education
Authors: Fedosov A. Yu. , Markushevich M. V. 
Published: December 2021

The article presents the methodology for teaching the theme "Creation and editing of vector graphic information" in basic school, which can be implemented both in full-time education and using distance learning technologies. The methodology is based on the use of the free vector graphic editor LibreOffice Draw and has been tested over several years in teaching vector computer graphics in the seventh grade in informatics course in full-time, as well as in a distance learning format in 2020. The authors substantiate the need to develop universal methods of teaching information technologies that are insensitive to the form of education (full-time or using distance educational technologies) based on the use of free software. Some principles of constructing a methodology for teaching vector graphics based on the new Federal State Educational Standard of Basic General Education are formulated. As the basic operating system used by the teacher, the domestic free operating system "Alt Education 9" is proposed. The article substantiates the choice of the graphic editor LibreOffice Draw as the optimal software tool to support teaching vector graphics in elementary school, formulates the criteria for choosing LibreOffice Draw as a basic tool for studying computer graphics in grades 6–9 for the implementation of distance learning. A universal scheme for the implementation of a distance lesson in teaching information technology based on the use of free cross-platform software, in particular, teaching vector graphics, is proposed.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de usabilidade do aplicativo móvel pediálise para ensino e avaliação de pacientes pediátricos em diálise
Authors: Aguiar Lia Cordeiro Bastos , Pinto Camila Ximenes , Diniz Maria Améllya Nunes , Costa Ana Adélia Sá , Barros Filho Edgar Marçal de , Medeiros Melissa Soares , Rabelo Jayanne Antonia Ferreira 
Published: December 2021

A prevalência de doença renal crônica (DRC) aumentou mundialmente, assim como os custos para o tratamento adequado. A escolha do método dialítico entre hemodiálise e diálise peritoneal depende de variáveis como idade e peso, condições hemodinâmicas, presença de cirurgias abdominais prévias ou doenças graves abdominais atuais, além da disponibilidade da terapia no hospital e capacitação dos profissionais. A utilização de aplicativos surge como auxílio, minimizando falhas no diagnóstico, bem como ferramenta importante na conduta adequada de seleção do cateter e vaso apropriado, estudo das causas de insuficiência renal, seguimento de exames importantes e terapia antimicrobiana racional. Desenvolvemos um aplicativo móvel nacional, para sistema Android, que funciona sem conexão à internet e custos ao usuário, para acompanhamento de DRC e diálise em pediatria, direcionado para ensino de estudantes de medicina. Para avaliação da usabilidade, utilizamos a escala SUS (System Usability Scale) aplicada a 9 alunos e 12 professores, além de 16 alunos que responderam ao caso sem uso do aplicativo (controles). O projeto foi submetido via plataforma Brasil e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Instituição. Um Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) foi aplicado em todos os participantes. A análise dos dados demonstrou uma escala SUS média de 74,5 pontos, considerada excelente em termos de interface. O aplicativo foi também avaliado de forma qualitativa, sendo elogiado pelos usuários. Conclui-se que o aplicativo apresentou bons resultados de usabilidade, podendo auxiliar alunos e profissionais no ensino de nefropediatria.
Tratamento endodôntico em dente com rizogênese incompleta com a utilização do hidróxido de cálcio: Relato de caso
Authors: Pereira Helen Batista Menezes , Nascimento Joyce Ferreira do , Lobato Carina Printes , Brasil Mariana Silveira , Goes Silas Fernandes , Meira Gabriela de Figueiredo , Lopes Luana Pontes Barros , Silva André Luiz Cabral da 
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um caso clínico de tratamento endodôntico em dente com rizogênese incompleta e necrose pulpar através de técnica de apicificação, utilizando medicação intracanal com hidróxido de cálcio durante 1 ano de tratamento, obtendo resultados favoráveis. Metodololgia: Partindo da permissão da paciente por meio do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido em partilhar sua imagem para devido fim, o presente estudo trata de um relato de caso clínico de cunho analítico descritivo (Pereira et al., 2018). Relato de caso: Paciente L. V., sexo feminino, 08 anos de idade, leucoderma, compareceu na clínica odontológica da Faculdade (Fametro), acompanhada por sua responsável. Na anamnese a mãe da paciente relatou que a filha sofreu uma queda da própria altura fraturando o incisivo central superior com exposição pulpar. No exame complementar radiográfico foi observado lesão perirradicular de origem endodôntica no elemento 11 e 12, formação radicular incompleta com forame aberto no estágio 8 de Nolla. Foi realizada a percussão vertical com espelho clínico indicando resposta positiva, necrose pulpar e o elemento 11 apresentava mobilidade de grau II. Considerações Finais: Diante do relato de caso clínico apresentado, pôde-se observar a importância da terapia endodôntica para preservação e manutenção do elemento dental com rizogênese incompleta e necrose pulpar, contudo, a terapia de apicificação, com hidróxido de cálcio utilizado por décadas, levou a resolução dos sintomas, reparo dos tecidos envolvidos e induziu o fechamento apical atuando positivamente na desinfecção do canal radicular.
Avaliação da cinética de secagem e atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial e hidrolato da parte aérea da Panc Stachys byzantina
Authors: Farfus Aline Poyer , Teixeira Sirlei Dias , Pereira Edimir Andrade , Santos Vidiany Aparecida Queiroz , Tomazini Vanuza Bortolan , Zanoelo Thiago Augusto , Sartor Julia Faversani 
Published: December 2021

Stachys byzantina K. Koch, conhecida no Brasil como “peixinho da horta ou pulmonária”, pertence à família Lamiaceae, é uma planta alimentícia não convencional (Panc). Relatos demonstram que essa planta possui diferentes atividades biológicas como ação antioxidante, anti-inflamatória e inibição microbiológica. Devido as atividades biológicas e a importância em resgatar espécies de Panc, capazes de apresentar diferentes aplicações seja na forma in natura, desidratada ou por meio da extração de óleos voláteis que possuem grande potencial de utilização na indústria. Neste trabalho foi determinada a cinética de secagem e atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial e do hidrolato, obtidos por meio dos métodos de hidrodestilação e arraste a vapor. Para a cinética de secagem, o modelo matemático de melhor ajuste foi o logarítmico, com valor de coeficiente de determinação 0,9995 e Qui-quadrado 0,0007. A atividade antimicrobiana foi realizada pelo teste de disco difusão frente as bactérias Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli e Salmonella gallinarium. Foi possível observar atividade antibacteriana frente a L. monocytogenes tanto para o óleo essencial (halo 0,9 cm), quanto para o hidrolato (halo 1,0 cm), ambos obtidos por arraste a vapor utilizando folhas secas à temperatura de 80 °C. Na literatura consultada, não foram encontrados relatos sobre atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial e/ou hidrolato dessa Panc contra a bactéria L. monocytogenes. Dessa forma, tais resultados podem nortear trabalhos futuros com a aplicação desse material vegetal como composto antimicrobiano, uma vez que a L. monocytogenes é um contaminante patogênico em linhas de produção em indústrias de alimentos.
Primeiras Experiências de Educação Escolar Tapeba: memórias e relatos
Authors: Lopes Katia Coelho Castro de Morais , Souza Andréa Moura da Costa , Lima Anna Érika Ferreira 
Published: December 2021

O artigo trata das primeiras experiências de escolarização tapebas no município de Caucaia, tendo como objetivo compreender os aspectos que levaram o povo indígena tapeba a iniciar seu processo de escolarização. Para fundamentar este estudo buscou-se pautar em teóricos, leis e artigos que contemplam a temática indígena. A escolha do referido tema ocorreu devido ao pertencimento da mestranda a etnia tapeba, que contou também com orientação das professoras Dra. Andrea Moura da Costa Souza e Dra. Anna Erika Ferreira Lima, docente do curso de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino e Formação Docente UNILAB-IFCE. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, e documental, realizando um estudo de caso em que se utilizou da aplicação de um questionário (Google Forms) respondido por três docentes tapebas. Durante as leituras para a redação do trabalho percebe-se que os autores têm um olhar acurado sobre as experiências escolares tapebas e que os professores que participaram do questionário têm uma percepção que converge com o referencial teórico, levando-nos memorar e a compreender de forma abrangente o início da escolarização tapeba, suas lutas e demandas pelo ensino diferenciado.
Model Transferability and Reduced Experimental Burden in Cell Culture Process Development Facilitated by Hybrid Modeling and Intensified Design of Experiments
Authors: Bayer Benjamin , Duerkop Mark , Striedner Gerald , Sissolak Bernhard 
Published: December 2021

Reliable process development is accompanied by intense experimental effort. The utilization of an intensified design of experiments (iDoE) (intra-experimental critical process parameter (CPP) shifts combined) with hybrid modeling potentially reduces process development burden. The iDoE can provide more process response information in less overall process time, whereas hybrid modeling serves as a commodity to describe this behavior the best way. Therefore, a combination of both approaches appears beneficial for faster design screening and is especially of interest at larger scales where the costs per experiment rise significantly. Ideally, profound process knowledge is gathered at a small scale and only complemented with few validation experiments on a larger scale, saving valuable resources. In this work, the transferability of hybrid modeling for Chinese hamster ovary cell bioprocess development along process scales was investigated. A two-dimensional DoE was fully characterized in shake flask duplicates (300 ml), containing three different levels for the cultivation temperature and the glucose concentration in the feed. Based on these data, a hybrid model was developed, and its performance was assessed by estimating the viable cell concentration and product titer in 15 L bioprocesses with the same DoE settings. To challenge the modeling approach, 15 L bioprocesses also comprised iDoE runs with intra-experimental CPP shifts, impacting specific cell rates such as growth, consumption, and formation. Subsequently, the applicability of the iDoE cultivations to estimate static cultivations was also investigated. The shaker-scale hybrid model proved suitable for application to a 15 L scale (1:50), estimating the viable cell concentration and the product titer with an NRMSE of 10.92% and 17.79%, respectively. Additionally, the iDoE hybrid model performed comparably, displaying NRMSE values of 13.75% and 21.13%. The low errors when transferring the models from shaker to reactor and between the DoE and the iDoE approach highlight the suitability of hybrid modeling for mammalian cell culture bioprocess development and the potential of iDoE to accelerate process characterization and to improve process understanding.
Highly Adhesive Antibacterial Bioactive Composite Hydrogels With Controllable Flexibility and Swelling as Wound Dressing for Full-Thickness Skin Healing
Authors: Lan Guanhua , Zhu Suping , Chen Dong , Zhang Hua , Zou Lijin , Zeng Yuanlin 
Published: December 2021

Polyzwitterionic hydrogels as skin wound dressings have been extensively studied owing to their superior antibacterial properties and skin adhesiveness, but their practical applications still suffer from a low adhesion strength and a high swelling ratio, which hinder the application of hydrogel for cutaneous healing. Here, we developed a novel biocompatible poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (PolySBMA) composite hydrogel with high stretchability, low swelling, strong skin adhesiveness, and antibacterial effect for enhancing wound healing. Naturally rigid polymers including quaternized chitosan methacrylate (QCSMA) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) are used as bioactive cross-linkers to endow PolySBMA/QCSMA/GelMA (SQG) hydrogel with a low swelling ratio and high bioactivity. The optimized hydrogel has excellent mechanical flexibility, with the ultimate tensile strength, tensile strain, modulus, and toughness of up to 344.5 kPa, 364%, 14.7 kPa, and 33.4 kJ m−3, respectively. The adhesiveness of the hydrogel to the skin tissue is as high as 38.2 kPa, which is critical for stopping the bleeding from the wound. The synergistic contributions from the PolySBMA and QCSMA endow hydrogel with good antibacterial properties against both Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. Moreover, the natural polymer cross-linked polyzwitterionic hydrogel shows good cell activity, hemocompatibility, and histocompatibility. The in vivo full-thickness skin defect model demonstrates that the SQG hydrogel efficiently improves the granulation tissue formation and collagen deposition. In summary, such superiorly skin-adhesive antibacterial biocompatible hydrogel with controllable flexibility and swelling holds great promise as wound dressings for acute wounds.
Injectable and Temperature-Sensitive Titanium Carbide-Loaded Hydrogel System for Photothermal Therapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: Yao Jun , Zhu Chuanda , Peng Tianjiao , Ma Qiang , Gao Shegan 
Published: December 2021

Recently, organic–inorganic hybrid materials have gained much attention as effective photothermal agents for cancer treatment. In this study, Pluronic F127 hydrogel-coated titanium carbide (Ti3C2) nanoparticles were utilized as an injectable photothermal agent. The advantages of these nanoparticles are their green synthesis and excellent photothermal efficiency. In this system, lasers were mainly used to irradiate Ti3C2 nanoparticles to produce a constant high temperature, which damaged cancer cells. The nanoparticles were found to be stable during storage at low temperatures for at least 2 weeks. The Ti3C2 nanoparticles exhibited a shuttle-shaped structure, and the hydrogels presented a loosely meshed structure. In addition, Ti3C2 nanoparticles did not affect the reversible temperature sensitivity of the gel, and the hydrogel did not affect the photothermal properties of Ti3C2 nanoparticles. The in vitro and in vivo results show that this hydrogel system can effectively inhibit tumor growth upon exposure to near-infrared irradiation with excellent biocompatibility and biosafety. The photothermal agent-embedded hydrogel is a promising photothermal therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment by enhancing the retention in vivo and elevating the local temperature in tumors.
Admissions to a Low-Resource Neonatal Unit in Malawi Using a Mobile App and Dashboard: A 1-Year Digital Perinatal Outcome Audit
Authors: Mgusha Yamikani , Nkhoma Deliwe Bernadette , Chiume Msandeni , Gundo Beatrice , Gundo Rodwell , Shair Farah , Hull-Bailey Tim , Lakhanpaul Monica , Lorencatto Fabianna , Heys Michelle , Crehan Caroline 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Understanding the extent and cause of high neonatal deaths rates in Sub-Saharan Africa is a challenge, especially in the presence of poor-quality and inaccurate data. The NeoTree digital data capture and quality improvement system has been live at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Neonatal Unit, Malawi, since April 2019.Objective: To describe patterns of admissions and outcomes in babies admitted to a Malawian neonatal unit over a 1-year period via a prototype data dashboard.Methods: Data were collected prospectively at the point of care, using the NeoTree app, which includes digital admission and outcome forms containing embedded clinical decision and management support and education in newborn care according to evidence-based guidelines. Data were exported and visualised using Microsoft Power BI. Descriptive and inferential analysis statistics were executed using R.Results: Data collected via NeoTree were 100% for all mandatory fields and, on average, 96% complete across all fields. Coverage of admissions, discharges, and deaths was 97, 99, and 91%, respectively, when compared with the ward logbook. A total of 2,732 neonates were admitted and 2,413 (88.3%) had an electronic outcome recorded: 1,899 (78.7%) were discharged alive, 12 (0.5%) were referred to another hospital, 10 (0.4%) absconded, and 492 (20%) babies died. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) was 204/1,000 admissions. Babies who were premature, low birth weight, out born, or hypothermic on admission, and had significantly higher CFR. Lead causes of death were prematurity with respiratory distress (n = 252, 51%), neonatal sepsis (n = 116, 23%), and neonatal encephalopathy (n = 80, 16%). The most common perceived modifiable factors in death were inadequate monitoring of vital signs and suboptimal management of sepsis. Two hundred and two (8.1%) neonates were HIV exposed, of whom a third [59 (29.2%)] did not receive prophylactic nevirapine, hence vulnerable to vertical infection.Conclusion: A digital data capture and quality improvement system was successfully deployed in a low resource neonatal unit with high (1 in 5) mortality rates providing and visualising reliable, timely, and complete data describing patterns, risk factors, and modifiable causes of newborn mortality. Key targets for quality improvement were identified. Future research will explore the impact of the NeoTree on quality of care and newborn survival.
Bioaccumulation and Tolerance Indices of Cadmium in Wheat Plants Grown in Cadmium-Spiked Soil: Health Risk Assessment
Authors: Halim Md Abdul , Rahman Mohammad Mahmudur , Mondal Debapriya , Megharaj Mallavarapu , Naidu Ravi 
Published: December 2021

Farmers use wastewater for irrigation in many developing countries, for example Bangladesh, India, China, Sri Lanka and Vietnam because they have limited access to clean water. This study explored cadmium (Cd) bioaccumulation in two spring wheat cultivars (cv. Mustang and Lancer), which were grown in different concentrations of Cd (0,1, 2, 4, and 8 mg kg−1) in agricultural soils. The half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 4.21 ± 0.29 and 4.02 ± 0.95, respectively, whereas the maximum health risk index (HRI) was 3.85 ± 0.049 and 5.33 ± 0.271, respectively, for Mustang and Lancer. In other words, the malondialdehyde content increased significantly in Mustang (around five-fold) and Lancer (around four-fold) compared with the control treatment. Results revealed that Cd content was well above the acceptable limit (HRI &gt;1) in the two cultivars when exposed to different levels of Cd stress. The tolerant cultivar (Mustang) has potential to chelate Cd in the nonedible parts of plants in variable fractions and can be used efficiently to improve growth and macro- and micro-nutrients content while reducing Cd concentration in plants in Cd-contaminated soil. It can also diminish the HRI, which may help to protect humans from Cd risks. The two cultivars’ nutrient availability and sorption capacity significantly shape their survival and adaptability under Cd stress. Based on what is documented in the current study, we can conclude that Mustang is more tolerant and poses fewer health hazards to people than Lancer because of its capacity to maintain grain macro- and micro-nutrients under Cd stress.
Milk From Women Diagnosed With COVID-19 Does Not Contain SARS-CoV-2 RNA but Has Persistent Levels of SARS-CoV-2-Specific IgA Antibodies
Authors: Pace Ryan M. , Williams Janet E. , Järvinen Kirsi M. , Meehan Courtney L. , Martin Melanie A. , Ley Sylvia H. , Barbosa-Leiker Celestina , Andres Aline , Yeruva Laxmi , Belfort Mandy B. , Caffé Beatrice , Navarrete Alexandra D. , Lackey Kimberly A. , Pace Christina D. W. , Gogel Alexandra C. , Fehrenkamp Bethaney D. , Klein Miranda , Young Bridget E. , Rosen-Carole Casey , Diaz Nichole , Gaw Stephanie L. , Flaherman Valerie , McGuire Mark A. , McGuire Michelle K. , Seppo Antti E. 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundLimited data are available regarding the balance of risks and benefits from human milk and/or breastfeeding during and following maternal infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).ObjectiveTo investigate whether SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in milk and on the breast after maternal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis; and characterize concentrations of milk immunoglobulin (Ig) A specific to the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein receptor binding domain (RBD) during the 2 months after onset of symptoms or positive diagnostic test.MethodsUsing a longitudinal study design, we collected milk and breast skin swabs one to seven times from 64 lactating women with COVID-19 over a 2-month period, beginning as early as the week of diagnosis. Milk and breast swabs were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and milk was tested for anti-RBD IgA.ResultsSARS-CoV-2 was not detected in any milk sample or on 71% of breast swabs. Twenty-seven out of 29 (93%) breast swabs collected after breast washing tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 on the breast was associated with maternal coughing and other household COVID-19. Most (75%; 95% CI, 70-79%; n=316) milk samples contained anti-RBD IgA, and concentrations increased (P=.02) during the first two weeks following onset of COVID-19 symptoms or positive test. Milk-borne anti-RBD IgA persisted for at least two months in 77% of women.ConclusionMilk produced by women with COVID-19 does not contain SARS-CoV-2 and is likely a lasting source of passive immunity via anti-RBD IgA. These results support recommendations encouraging lactating women to continue breastfeeding during and after COVID-19 illness.