bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimeric Drugs
Authors: Nudelman Abraham 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
This review intends to summarize the structures of an extensive number of
symmetrical-dimeric drugs, having two monomers, linked via a bridging entity emphasizing
the versatility of biologically active substances reported to possess dimeric structures.
The major number of these compounds consists of anticancer agents, antibiotics/
antimicrobials, and anti-AIDS drugs. Other symmetrical-dimeric drugs include antidiabetics,
antidepressants, analgesics, anti-inflammatories, drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer’s
disease, anticholesterolemics, estrogenics, antioxidants, enzyme inhibitors, anti-
Parkinsonians, laxatives, antiallergy compounds, cannabinoids, etc. Most of the articles
reviewed do not compare the activity/potency of the dimers to that of their corresponding
monomers. Only in limited cases, various suggestions have been made to justify the unexpectedly
higher activity of the dimers vs. that of the corresponding monomers. These
suggestions include statistical effects, the presence of dimeric receptors, binding of a dimer
to two receptors simultaneously, and others. It is virtually impossible to predict
which dimers will be preferable to their respective monomers, or which linking bridges
will lead to the most active compounds. It is expected that the extensive variety of substances
mentioned, and the assortment of their biological activities should be of interest to
academic and industrial medicinal chemists.
Recent Insights into the Nutritional Antioxidant Therapy in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Vascular Complications: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Beeraka Narasimha M. , Tomilova Irina K. , Batrak Galina A. , Zhaburina Maria V. , Nikolenko Vladimir N. , Sinelnikov Mikhail Y. , Mikhaleva Liudmila M. 
Published: August 2021

:Diabetes mellitus (DM) and DM-induced vascular complications are significant global healthcare problems, causing a decrease in patient quality of life. The main reason for the disability and mortality of patients is rapidly progressing micro-and macroangiopathies. Currently, free radical oxidation is recognized as one of the main mechanisms in the development of DM and associated complications. Under normal physiological conditions, the level of free radicals and antioxidant defense capabilities is balanced. However, imbalance occurs between the antioxidant defense system and pro-oxidants during chronic hyperglycemia and may invoke the formation of excess free radicals, leading to activation of lipid peroxidation and accumulation of highly toxic products of free radical oxidation. This is accompanied by varying degrees of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance in DM patients. Simultaneously with the activation of free radical generation, a decrease in the activity of antioxidant defense factors (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, vitamins C and E) and an acceleration of diabetic complications are seen. Therefore, we hypothesize that antioxidants may play a positive role in the treatment of DM patients to prevent DM-induced vascular complications. However, this has not been sufficiently studied. In this review, we discuss recent insights into the potential underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced diabetic complications and the implications of antioxidants in mitigation of DM-induced vascular complications.
The use of Pseudotyped Coronaviruses for the Screening of Entry
Inhibitors: Green Tea Extract Inhibits the Entry of SARS-CoV-1, MERSCoV,
and SARS-CoV-2 by Blocking Receptor-spike Interaction
Authors: Joseph Jeswin , Karthika Thankamani , Das Valiyathara Rajan Akshay , Raj Victor Stalin 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect a wide range of animals and birds. Their tropism is primarily determined by the ability of the spike protein to bind to a host cell surface receptor. The ongoing outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 inculcates the need for the development of effective intervention strategies.

Objectives:
In this study, we aim to produce pseudotyped coronaviruses of SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 and show its applications, including virus entry, neutralization, and screening of entry inhibitors from natural products.

Methods:
Here, we generated VSV-based pseudotyped coronaviruses (CoV-PVs) for SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. Recombinant spike proteins of SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 were transiently expressed in HEK293T cells followed by infection with recombinant VSV. High titer pseudoviruses were harvested and subjected to distinct validation assays, which confirms the proper spike pseudotyping. Further, specific receptor-mediated entry was confirmed by antibody neutralization and soluble form of receptor inhibition assay on Vero E6 cells. Next, these CoV-PVs were used for screening of antiviral activity of natural products such as green tea and Spirulina extract.

Results:
Here, we generated VSV-based pseudotyped coronaviruses (CoV-PVs) for SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. Recombinant spike proteins of SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 were transiently expressed in HEK293T cells followed by infection with recombinant VSV. High titer pseudoviruses were harvested and subjected to distinct validation assays, which confirms the proper spike pseudotyping. Further, specific receptor-mediated entry was confirmed by antibody neutralization and soluble form of receptor inhibition assay on Vero E6 cells. Next, these CoV-PVs were used for screening of antiviral activity of natural products such as green tea and Spirulina extract.

Conclusion:
In summary, we demonstrated that pseudotyped viruses are an ideal tool for studying viral entry, quantification of neutralizing antibodies, and screening of entry inhibitors in a BSL-2 facility. Moreover, green tea might be a promising natural remedy against emerging coronaviruses.
The Production of Biodegradable Polymers-medium-chain-length Polyhydroxyalkanoates
(mcl-PHA) in Pseudomonas putida for Biomedical Engineering
Applications
Authors: Ene Nicoleta , Soare Vladu Mariana-Gratiela , Lupescu Irina , Ionescu Ana-Despina , Vamanu Emanuel 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are bacteria-synthesized biopolymers under imbalanced growth conditions. These biopolymers are acknowledged as potential biomaterials for future applications because of their characteristics of biocompatibility and biodegradability, and ability to be produced rapidly, and strong functionality of mechanical resistance. This article aims to perform microbial fermentation using the Pseudomonas putida strain to identify the quantity of biopolymers, particularly of the medium-chain-length (mcl-PHA) polyhydroxyalkanoates, based on the type and quantity of the added precursors (glucose and fatty acids).

Methods:
To understand the microbial interaction and the mechanism involved in PHA biosynthesis, several methods were employed and microbial biomass was obtained using the Pseudomonas putida strain capable of producing PHA. The polymer production by acetone extraction was analyzed using the Soxhlet method, while the biopolymer purification was done via the methanol-ethanol treatment, after which the biomass estimation was done through spectrophotometric analysis. This was followed by measuring the dry weight of the cells and quantification of the biopolymer produced using the gas chromatography method (GC).

Results:
The highest PHA yield was obtained using the octanoic (17 mL in 2000 mL medium) and hexanoic acids (14 mL in 2000 mL medium) as the precursors. As a result, the octanoic acid - octanoic acid, heptanoic acid – nonanoic acid, and octanoic acid - hexanoic acid were identified as the different precursors that supported the quantity of PHA obtained.

Conclusion:
Among the 4 types of structurally related substrates, the Pseudomonas putida ICCF 319 strain showed a preference for the C8 sublayer for the biosynthesis of the elastomeric PHAs composed predominantly of more C8 monomers than the C6 and C10.
Medicinal properties of some Dendrobium orchids – A review
Authors: Ramesh T. , Koperuncholan M. , Praveena R. , Ganeshkumari K. , Vanithamani J. , Muruganantham P. , Renganathan P. 
Published: August 2021

Orchids are known for their aesthetic qualities, and they are often used as decorative items in homes, offices, and public places. While most people admire them for their good looks, others have found practical uses for them. Since a long time ago, people from various parts of the world have used orchids for medicinal purposes. However, the use of orchids in medicine has declined over the years because not enough research has been done to determine their effectiveness and adverse effects.
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children by Antibody Detection in Saliva: Protocol for a Prospective Longitudinal Study (Coro-Buddy)
Authors: Pinilla Yudi T , Friessinger Evelyn , Griesbaum Johanna Marie , Berner Lilith , Heinzel Constanze , Elsner Käthe , Fendel Rolf , Held Jana , Kreidenweiss Andrea 
Published: August 2021

Background
The world has been confronted with the COVID-19 pandemic for more than one year. Severe disease is more often found among elderly people, whereas most young children and adolescents show mild symptoms or even remain asymptomatic, so that infection might be undiagnosed. Therefore, only limited epidemiological data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young adults are available.

Objective
This study aims to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children from the city of Tübingen, Germany, and to measure the incidence of new cases over 12 months.

Methods
SARS-CoV-2 antibodies will be measured in saliva as a surrogate for a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Children will be sampled at their preschools, primary schools, and secondary schools at three time points: July 2020, October to December 2020, and April to July 2021. An adult cohort will be sampled at the same time points (ie, adult comparator group). The saliva-based SARS-CoV-2–antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay will be validated using blood and saliva samples from adults with confirmed previous SARS-CoV-2 infections (ie, adult validation group).

Results
The first study participant was enrolled in July 2020, and recruitment and enrollment continued until July 2021. We have recruited and enrolled 1850 children, 560 adults for the comparator group, and 83 adults for the validation group. We have collected samples from the children and the adults for the comparator group at the three time points. We followed up with participants in the adult validation group every 2 months and, as of the writing of this paper, we were at time point 7. We will conduct data analysis after the data collection period.

Conclusions
Infection rates in children are commonly underreported due to a lack of polymerase chain reaction testing. This study will report on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in infants, school children, and adolescents as well as the incidence change over 12 months in the city of Tübingen, Germany. The saliva sampling approach for SARS-CoV-2–antibody measurement allows for a unique, representative, population-based sample collection process.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04581889; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04581889

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/27739
Vocal ensemble: organization and functioning in the musical and educational environment
Authors: Savchenko-Shlapak Yuliia , Savchenko Regina , Qianyi Pan 
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the problem of the organization and functioning of a vocal ensemble as a means of developing the performing skills of students of higher educational institutions of a musical and pedagogical profile. The criteria for the quality of training a future specialist for the effective implementation of his practical activities as a leader of a children's and youth vocal group are indicated. The purpose of the article is a theoretical substantiation of the content of work on the organization and functioning of the vocal ensemble of students as a way of developing their performing skills. Organization of a vocal ensemble is leadership and work on the functioning of a vocal ensemble as a creative team, the realization of its needs. Being an organized social group, the ensemble has a number of features, which include: creative self-development and the desire for creative interaction; increased self-organization and focus.
The Potential of Vā Part 4: Methodology of Lala- Vā
Authors: Simati-Kumar Benita 
Published: August 2021

The article presented is part of a series of chapters that composed an exegesis, submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The series is a narrative of discovery through practice-led research. Each article reveals its purpose and significance that leads into the next series, which then eventuate to that final design proposal.
The exegesis is presented in this format, to break down the components that assisted in practice-led research. Each article can be read and unpacked on its own as a learning tool. The purpose of this edited series is for the exegesis to be more accessible and adaptable creatively to those being introduced to practice-led research.
The Potential of Vā Part 4: Methodology of Lala- Vā, presents the methodology of Lala-Vā to approach the research design. Archival research, current museum displays, participation and documentation, and experimentation are the sections that are explored within this methodology. Lalava and lalaga- the two different kinds of traditional practice used to address the research question- are outlined here as well as the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches.
Air Pollution with Asbestos Fibers in Some Heavy Traffic Areas of Baghdad
Authors: Ajeel Nahla Sh. , Fleeh Nada A. , Sultan Matham A. 
Published: August 2021

This research was conducted to measure the levels of asbestos fibers in the air of some dense sites of Baghdad city, which were monitored in autumn 2019. Samples collection was conducted via directing air flow to a mixed cellulose ester membrane filter mounted on an open‑faced filter holder using sniffer with a low flow sampling pump. Air samples were collected from four studied areas selected in some high traffic areas of Baghdad city, two of them were located in Karkh (Al-Bayaa and Al-Shurta tunnel) and two in Rusafa (Al-Jadriya and Al-Meshin complex), then analyzed to determine concentrations of asbestos. Measuring of levels of asbestos fibers on the filters was carried out via using scanning electron microscope SEM together with an energy dispersive X‑ray system (EDS). The results showed that the lowest level was recorded in Al-Jadriya intersection (0.0352 fiber/ml), while the maximum concentration was in Al-Bayaa (0.156 f/ml). Asbestos average concentration in the ambient air of the four studied areas was 0.0718 f/ml, which exceeded the standards of world health organization (WHO) for air which is equal to 0.0022 f/ml. This may be due to the presence of crowded traffic and the occurrence of industries near the city. Therefore, plans such as management of traffic, changing locations of industrial sites, and products substitution can be effective in minimizing the concentrations of airborne fibers.
PELATIHAN METODE PENGOLAHAN DAN PENGAWETAN PRODUK OLAHAN BUAH MURBEI PKK RT II RW VI KELURAHAN MERJOSARI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Handaratri Anitarakhmi , Hudha Mohammad Istnaeny , Minah Faidliyah Nilna , Mahendaringratry Ayudya 
Published: August 2021

<p><strong><em>Abstract.</em></strong><em> </em><em>The potential for snack food market (snack) is very large in Indonesia where almost part of the Indonesian people eat 3 times a day more snacks than heavy meals. However, not all types of snacks are healthy foods, especially those from non-natural ingredients. PKK RT II RW VI Merjosari Kelurahan Malang City improvised by using mulberry fruit that grows a lot in the yard of the house. A lot of mulberry content is useful for the body, moreover, it is easy to obtain and can be planted in the yard (in pots). The problem in producing food products from mulberry is the short shelf life of the product, so further processing using preservatives is needed. In addition, there is no adequate marketing knowledge to introduce products to the people of Malang. Therefore this PKM program provides knowledge to members of the PKK RT II RW VI Merjosari Village in an effort to grow a mulberry fruit processing micro business. From the results of the training, the level of satisfaction was obtained based on the questionnaire circulated, participants felt VERY SATISFIED with a percentage level of 91.9% and opened opportunities for program sustainability with mulberry herbal products.</em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak.</strong> Potensi pasar makanan kudapan (<em>snack</em>) sangat besar di Indonesia dimana hampir sebagian masyarakat Indonesia memakan snack 3 kali sehari lebih banyak daripada makanan berat. Namun tidak semua jenis makanan ringan ini merupakan jenis makanan sehat, khususnya yang berasal dari bahan non alami. PKK RT II RW VI Kelurahan Merjosari Kota Malang berimprovisasi dengan menggunakan buah murbei yang banyak tumbuh di halaman rumah. Banyak kandungan zat murbei yang berguna bagi tubuh, terlebih lagi mudah didapat serta dapat ditanam di halaman (dalam pot). Yang menjadi kendala dalam memproduksi produk makanan dari murbei adalah masa kadaluarsa produk yang pendek, sehingga dibutuhkan pengolahan lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan pengawet. Selain itu belum adanya pengetahuan marketing yang memadai untuk memperkenalkan produk ke masyarakat Malang. Oleh karena itu program PKM ini memberikan pengetahuan ke anggota PKK RT II RW VI Kelurahan Merjosari dalam upaya untuk menumbuhkan usaha mikro olahan buah murbei. Dari hasil pelatihan diperoleh tingkat kepuasan berdasarkan angket yang diedarkan, peserta merasakan SANGAT PUAS dengan tingkat persentase sebesar 91,9% dan membuka peluang keberlanjutan program dengan produk-produk herbal murbei.</p><div id="gtx-trans" style="position: absolute; left: -72px; top: 428px;"> </div>
Organizational Learning and Innovation and its Impact on Professional Accountants Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Aamir Muammad , Shahid Ahmad Usman , Tufail Hafiza Sobia , Shahid Jawad 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: This study develops a theoretical model that explores the effect of organizational learning on the organizational citizenship behavior of professional accountants in Pakistan. Additionally, the model also explores the mediating role of organizational innovation between this relationship.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were gathered from professional accountants at small accounting firms in Pakistan.
Findings: The findings prove that organizational learning positively influences the citizenship behavior of accountants. Additionally, the findings also report the mediating role of organizational innovation between organizational learning and accountants’ organizational citizenship behavior.
Implications/Originality/Value: The findings of this paper may have both practical and theoretical implications for researchers, domestic and international companies.
Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Pengukuran pada Matriks Multitrait-Multimethod
Authors: Ningsih Ade Kania , Umbara Fajri Rakhmat 
Published: August 2021

Dalam penelitian, peneliti sering kali menemukan kesulitan dalam mengukur variabel konstruk. Campbell dan Fiske (1959) memperkenalkan matriks multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) untuk mengevaluasi konstruk. Desain kuesioner sering kali digunakan setiap item kuesioner hanya satu metode pensekalaan ( misalnya, likert dengan skala 1-5) sehingga sumber variasi metode terhadap respons item tidak diperhitungkan. Saris dan Gallhoffer [13] mengatakan bahwa, different methods, different results yang artinya bahwa metode penskalaan (effek metode) sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas pengukuran. Scherpenzeel dan Saris [16] mengaplikasikan multitraits-multimethods (MTMM) untuk menghitung efek metode terhadap respons item kuesioner, juga reliabilitas, dan validitas. Tujuan makalah ini adalah mengukur reliabilitas, validitas, dan besarnya efek metode suatu traits. Contoh kasus dalam penelitian ini adalah tentang tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap proses belajar mengajar (PBM) staf pengajar di lingkungan FMIPA-Unjani prodi informatika dengan tiga buah traits dan tiga buah metode penskalaan. Penaksiran reliabilitas, validitas, dan efek metode digunakan pendekatan pemodelan struktural dan paket program LISREL Metode penaksiran digunakan kemungkinan maksimum. Hasilnya tidak sedikit ketidak konsistenan responden dalam menjawab kuesioner apabila hanya menggunakan satu metode penskalaan sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kualitas pengukuran. Dalam hal ini berdasarkan validitas maka untuk kasus yang digunakan menggunakan tiga metode penskalaan untuk menghasilkan kualitas pengukuran yang lebih baik.
Minat Pembelajaran Menggunakan E-Learning Mata Kuliah Kinesiologi Pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Destriani Destriani 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui minat pembelajaran menggunakan e-learning mata kuliah kinesiologi pada mahasiswa Penjaskes Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sriwijaya. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian survei. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester 3 Program Studi Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesehatan kelas Indralaya, sampel penelitian yaitu seluruh mahasiswa semester 3 kelas Indralaya yang berjumlah 44 orang. Alat pengumpulan data yaitu angket minat belajar. Hasil analisis data diperoleh minat belajar mahasiswa menggunakan e–learning yaitu 86,38% dan masuk pada kategori sangat baik. Hal ini menunjukkan penggunaan e learning dapat meningkatkan minat belajar mahasiswa dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah kinesiologi.
Aplikasi Pemetaan Gedung Berbasis Web dengan Framework Laravel (Studi Kasus : PT. Bank BRI Syariah)
Authors: Buananta Septian Eka Ady 
Published: August 2021

PT. Bank BRI Syariah menyadari betapa pentingnya mengikuti perkembangan teknologi dalam hal mengoptimalkan penyimpanan, pengolahan dan presentasi data dalam bentuk digital. Salah satu contohnya adalah proses pemetaan denah gedung yang dimiliki oleh PT. Bank BRI Syariah. Dengan adanya pemetaan denah dalam bentuk digital dapat memberikan fleksibilitas dari segi pengaksesan dan penyajian informasi yang sangat efektif. Dalam menjawab hal tersebut, maka dibangunlah aplikasi pemetaan gedung yang merupakan web based application. Aplikasi pemetaan gedung ini dibangun dengan menggunakan PHP dengan framework Laravel. Database yang digunakan adalah MySQL. Software penghubung antara aplikasi dan database adalah webserver Xampp. Dalam proses pemodelan perancangan sistem informasi ini, menggunakan model prototype yang digambarkan dengan Unified Modelling Language (UML).