bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction or replacement? A challenging question in surgical treatment of complex humeral head fractures in the elderly
Authors: Müller M. , Greve F. , Crönlein M. , Zyskowski M. , Pesch S. , Biberthaler P. , Kirchhoff C. , Beirer M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Surgical treatment of complex humeral head fractures in the elderly is challenging due to osteoporotic bone, comorbidities and reduced compliance. The treatment strategy (reconstruction versus replacement) should allow for a functional aftercare and result in a high patient satisfaction. Major complications leading to surgical revision are crucial and should be avoided. The purpose of this study was to analyse the major complication rate leading to surgical revision and the patient-based outcome in complex humeral head fractures of the elderly population treated either using locking plate fixation (LCP) or reversed total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA).

Materials and Methods
All patients older than 65 years surgically treated due to a four-part fracture of the proximal humerus between 2003 and 2015 were enrolled in our retrospective study. Major complications and revision rates were recorded and functional outcome was assessed using the Munich Shoulder Questionnaire (MSQ) allowing for qualitative self-assessment of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), of the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score and of the Constant Score.

Results
A cohort of 103 patients with a mean age of 73.4 ± 6.2 years suffering from four-part fractures of the humeral head were enrolled. 63 patients were treated using the LCP fixation compared to 40 rTSAs. There were no significant differences in the patient-reported functional outcome. The revision rate was significantly higher in the LCP group (10/63; 15.9%) compared to the rTSA group (1/40; 2.5%). Reasons for revision were avascular head necrosis, cut-out of screws, secondary dislocation of the greater tuberosity and hypersensitivity to metal.

Conclusions
Reversed total shoulder arthroplasty and locking plate fixation are both established surgical procedures for the management of complex proximal humerus fractures in the elderly leading to similar functional results. However the revision rate in the rTSA group was significantly lower. Primary rTSA should, therefore, be favoured in multimorbid elderly patients with an increased complication risk to avoid repeated anaesthesia.
Redescription of Aspidogaster limacoides Diesing, 1834 (Aspidogastrea: Aspidogastridae) from freshwater fishes of northern Germany
Authors: Suthar Jaydipbhai , Al-Jufaili Sarah , Bray Rodney A. , Frank Marcus , Theisen Stefan , Palm Harry W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAspidogaster limacoides Diesing, 1834 (Aspidogastridae) is redescribed based on light and scanning electron microscopy of specimens from the stomach and intestine of Abramis brama, Rutilus rutilus and Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae). The fishes were sampled during 2018 and 2019 at Lake Tollense in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. The prevalence of A. limacoides was highest in R. rutilus (61.7%) followed by Scardinius erythrophthalmus (7.7%) and A. brama (2.9%), while it was absent in Perca fluviatilis from the same lake. The following structures of A. limacoides are described for the first time: a depression on the ventral side of the neck, variations in the number and the arrangement of alveoli, numerous pits scattered all over the body surface, the presence of a few papillae-like structures posterior lateral to the mouth, the number of marginal organs represented by openings of exocrine multicellular glands as shown in histology and the subterminal position of the excretory pore. These characters can be used to distinguish three species of Aspidogaster, namely, A. ijimai, A. conchicola and A. limacoides, suggesting that SEM is a useful and promising tool in differentiating Aspidogaster species. Comparison of molecular data of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions showed a 94% similarity to A. limacoides from the European part of Russia. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the present specimens clustered in the same clade with A. limacoides sensu stricto, forming a distinct group to the exclusion of congeners.
Central auditory deficits associated with genetic forms of peripheral deafness
Authors: Michalski Nicolas , Petit Christine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSince the 1990s, the study of inherited hearing disorders, mostly those detected at birth, in the prelingual period or in young adults, has led to the identification of their causal genes. The genes responsible for more than 140 isolated (non-syndromic) and about 400 syndromic forms of deafness have already been discovered. Studies of mouse models of these monogenic forms of deafness have provided considerable insight into the molecular mechanisms of hearing, particularly those involved in the development and/or physiology of the auditory sensory organ, the cochlea. In parallel, studies of these models have also made it possible to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying hearing impairment. This has led a number of laboratories to investigate the potential of gene therapy for curing these forms of deafness. Proof-of-concept has now been obtained for the treatment of several forms of deafness in mouse models, paving the way for clinical trials of cochlear gene therapy in patients in the near future. Nevertheless, peripheral deafness may also be associated with central auditory dysfunctions and may extend well beyond the auditory system itself, as a consequence of alterations to the encoded sensory inputs or involvement of the causal deafness genes in the development and/or functioning of central auditory circuits. Investigating the diversity, causes and underlying mechanisms of these central dysfunctions, the ways in which they could impede the expected benefits of hearing restoration by peripheral gene therapy, and determining how these problems could be remedied is becoming a research field in its own right. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the central deficits associated with genetic forms of deafness.
The prevalence and consequences of abdominal rectus muscle diastasis among Finnish women: an epidemiological cohort study
Authors: Tuominen R. , Jahkola T. , Saisto T. , Arokoski J. , Vironen J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Post-pregnancy abdominal rectus diastasis (ARD) has raised attention in the field of surgery in recent years, but there is no consensus about when to consider surgery. Our aim was to find out what is the normal inter-rectus distance in fertile aged, female population in Finland and to examine whether there is a linea alba width that would predispose to diastasis-related problems after pregnancy.

Methods
For this prospective cohort study, women participating early pregnancy ultrasound in Helsinki University Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology during 1.1.2018–8.3.2019, were recruited. The width of linea alba was measured by ultrasound during the early pregnancy ultrasound. Symptoms were measured by questionnaire including Health-Related Quality of Life (RAND-36) and Oswestry Disability Index for back symptoms and disability.

Results
Linea alba width was measured in total of 933 women. The average inter-rectus distance (IRD) among nulliparous women was 1.81 ± 0.72 cm. After one previous pregnancy, the average linea alba width was 2.36 cm ± 0.83 cm and after more pregnancies 2.55 ± 1.09 cm. There was a positive correlation between previous pregnancies and the increased linea alba width (p = 0.00004). We did not perceive any threshold value of linea alba width that would predispose to back pain or movement control problems in this cohort, in which severe diastasis (over 5 cm) was rare.

Conclusion
Mean inter-rectus distance in parous population exceeds stated normative values. Moderate ARD (3.0–5.0 cm) alone does not seem to explain low back pain or functional disability in population level. Severe post-pregnancy diastasis (over 5.0 cm) is rare.
Temperature and strain rate effects of jammed granular systems: experiments and modelling
Authors: Bartkowski Piotr , Suwała Grzegorz , Zalewski Robert 
Published: August 2021

AbstractJammed granular systems, also known as vacuum packed particles (VPP), have begun to compete with the well commercialized group of smart structures already widely applied in various fields of industry, mainly in civil and mechanical engineering. However, the engineering applications of VPP are far ahead of the mathematical description of the complex mechanical mechanisms observed in these unconventional structures. As their wider commercialization is hindered by this gap, in the paper the authors consider experimental investigations of granular systems, mainly focusing on the mechanical responses that take place under various temperature and strain rate conditions. To capture the nonlinear behavior of jammed granular systems, a constitutive model constituting an extension of the Johnson–Cook model was developed and is presented. green The extended and modified constitutive model for VPP proposed in the paper could be implemented in the future into a commercial Finite Element Analysis code, making it possible to carry out fast and reliable numerical simulations.
Removal of organic pollutants from produced water by batch adsorption treatment
Authors: Khader Eman Hashim , Mohammed Thamer Jassim , Mirghaffari Nourollah , Salman Ali Dawood , Juzsakova Tatjána , Abdullah Thamer Adnan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper studied the adsorption of chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and turbidity of the produced water (PW) which accompanies the production and reconnaissance of oil after treating utilizing powdered activated carbon (PAC), clinoptilolite natural zeolite (CNZ) and synthetic zeolite type X (XSZ). Moreover, the paper deals with the comparison of pollutant removal over different adsorbents. Adsorption was executed in a batch adsorption system. The effects of adsorbent dosage, time, pH, oil concentration and temperature were studied in order to find the best operating conditions. The adsorption isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin were investigated. Using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, the kinetics of oil sorption and the shift in COD content on PAC and CNZ were investigated. At a PAC adsorbent dose of 0.25 g/100 mL, maximum oil removal efficiencies (99.57, 95.87 and 99.84 percent), COD and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were identified. Moreover, when zeolite X was used at a concentration of 0.25 g/100 mL, the highest turbidity removal efficiency (99.97%) was achieved. It is not dissimilar to what you would get with PAC (99.65 percent). In comparison with zeolites, the findings showed that adsorption over PAC is the most powerful method for removing organic contaminants from PW. In addition, recycling of the consumed adsorbents was carried out in this study to see whether the adsorbents could be reused. Chemical and thermal treatment will effectively regenerate and reuse powdered activated carbon and zeolites that have been eaten.
Graphic abstract
Covid-fatigued? A longitudinal study of Norwegian older adults’ psychosocial well-being before and during early and later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hansen Thomas , Sevenius Nilsen Thomas , Knapstad Marit , Skirbekk Vegard , Skogen Jens , Vedaa Øystein , Nes Ragnhild Bang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs the pandemic continues, many older adults are facing prolonged isolation and stress while having less access to traditional ways of coping. There is widespread concern that the situation is increasingly taking its toll on older adults’ psychological and social well-being. We use linear mixed models to examine psychosocial impacts and predictors thereof among older Norwegians in early and later stages of the pandemic. Longitudinal data were collected online in the Norwegian Counties Public Health Survey right before the pandemic and in June and November–December 2020 in two counties (baseline n = 4,104; age 65–92). Outcomes include loneliness (single item, UCLA3), psychological ill-being (worried, anxious, depressed), and psychological well-being (satisfied, engaged, happy). From before to three months into the pandemic men’s psychosocial well-being remained stable, whereas women’s slightly declined. Five months later we observe broad and substantial declines in psychosocial well-being. These impacts disproportionately affect women (all outcomes) and single and older individuals (loneliness only) and are not moderated by educational level, urbanicity, or whether self or partner are reported “at risk” due to health problems. Pre-pandemic low social support and high psychological distress predict relatively improved psychosocial well-being. Older Norwegians seemed to manage the pandemic’s early stage without clear psychosocial impacts. However, we observe notably compromised well-being during the second wave of COVID-19 in late 2020. Lessons learned about the nature and distribution of the psychosocial impacts of prolonged health-threats and social distancing provide valuable knowledge for intervention design during this and future pandemics.
PFKFB3 gene deletion in endothelial cells inhibits intraplaque angiogenesis and lesion formation in a murine model of venous bypass grafting
Authors: Perrotta Paola , de Vries Margreet R. , Peeters Bart , Guns Pieter-Jan , De Meyer Guido R. Y. , Quax Paul H. A. , Martinet Wim 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVein grafting is a frequently used surgical intervention for cardiac revascularization. However, vein grafts display regions with intraplaque (IP) angiogenesis, which promotes atherogenesis and formation of unstable plaques. Graft neovessels are mainly composed of endothelial cells (ECs) that largely depend on glycolysis for migration and proliferation. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether loss of the glycolytic flux enzyme phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in ECs inhibits IP angiogenesis and as such prevents unstable plaque formation. To this end, apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE−/−) mice were backcrossed to a previously generated PFKFB3fl/fl Cdh5iCre mouse strain. Animals were injected with either corn oil (ApoE−/−PFKFB3fl/fl) or tamoxifen (ApoE−/−PFKFB3ECKO), and were fed a western-type diet for 4 weeks prior to vein grafting. Hereafter, mice received a western diet for an additional 28 days and were then sacrificed for graft assessment. Size and thickness of vein graft lesions decreased by 35 and 32%, respectively, in ApoE−/−PFKFB3ECKO mice compared to controls, while stenosis diminished by 23%. Moreover, vein graft lesions in ApoE−/−PFKFB3ECKO mice showed a significant reduction in macrophage infiltration (29%), number of neovessels (62%), and hemorrhages (86%). EC-specific PFKFB3 deletion did not show obvious adverse effects or changes in general metabolism. Interestingly, RT-PCR showed an increased M2 macrophage signature in vein grafts from ApoE−/−PFKFB3ECKO mice. Altogether, EC-specific PFKFB3 gene deletion leads to a significant reduction in lesion size, IP angiogenesis, and hemorrhagic complications in vein grafts. This study demonstrates that inhibition of endothelial glycolysis is a promising therapeutic strategy to slow down plaque progression.
The Dutch National TissueArchive Portal enables efficient, consistent, and transparent procurement of diagnostic tissue samples for scientific use
Authors: Verjans Robin , Bruggink Annette H. , Kibbelaar Robby , Bart Jos , Debernardi Aletta , Schaaij-Visser Tieneke B. M. , Willems Stefan M. , Van Kemenade Folkert J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBiobanks play a crucial role in enabling biomedical research by facilitating scientific use of valuable human biomaterials. The PALGA foundation—a nationwide network and registry of histo- and cytopathology in the Netherlands—was established to promote the provision of data within and between pathology departments, and to make the resulting knowledge available for healthcare. Apart from the pathology data, we aimed to utilize PALGA’s nationwide network to find and access the rich wealth of Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) tissue samples for scientific use.
We implemented the Dutch National TissueArchive Portal (DNTP) to utilize PALGA’s nationwide network for requesting FFPE tissue samples. The DNTP consists of (1) a centrally organized internet portal to improve the assessing, processing, harmonization, and monitoring of the procurement process, while (2) dedicated HUB-employees provide practical support at peripheral pathology departments. Since incorporation of the DNTP, both the number of filed requests for FFPE tissue samples and the amount of HUB-mediated support increased 55 and 29% respectively. In line, the sample procurement duration time decreased significantly (− 47%). These findings indicate that implementation of the DNTP improved the frequency, efficiency, and transparency of FFPE tissue sample procurement for research in the Netherlands. To conclude, the need for biological resources is growing persistently to enable precision medicine. Here, we access PALGA’s national, pathology network by implementation of the DNTP to allow for efficient, consistent, and transparent exchange of FFPE tissue samples for research across the Netherlands.
Non-productive binding of cellobiohydrolase i investigated by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Csarman Florian , Gusenbauer Claudia , Wohlschlager Lena , van Erven Gijs , Kabel Mirjam A. , Konnerth Johannes , Potthast Antje , Ludwig Roland 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFuture biorefineries are facing the challenge to separate and depolymerize biopolymers into their building blocks for the production of biofuels and basic molecules as chemical stock. Fungi have evolved lignocellulolytic enzymes to perform this task specifically and efficiently, but a detailed understanding of their heterogeneous reactions is a prerequisite for the optimization of large-scale enzymatic biomass degradation. Here, we investigate the binding of cellulolytic enzymes onto biopolymers by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy for the fast and precise characterization of enzyme adsorption processes. Using different sensor architectures, SPR probes modified with regenerated cellulose as well as with lignin films were prepared by spin-coating techniques. The modified SPR probes were analyzed by atomic force microscopy and static contact angle measurements to determine physical and surface molecular properties. SPR spectroscopy was used to study the activity and affinity of Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) glycoforms on the modified SPR probes. N-glycan removal led to no significant change in activity or cellulose binding, while a slightly higher tendency for non-productive binding to SPR probes modified with different lignin fractions was observed. The results suggest that the main role of the N-glycosylation in CBHI is not to prevent non-productive binding to lignin, but probably to increase its stability against proteolytic degradation. The work also demonstrates the suitability of SPR-based techniques for the characterization of the binding of lignocellulolytic enzymes to biomass-derived polymers.
Graphic abstract
The Relationship Between Bullying Victimization and Perpetration and Non-suicidal Self-injury: A Systematic Review
Authors: Serafini Gianluca , Aguglia Andrea , Amerio Andrea , Canepa Giovanna , Adavastro Giulia , Conigliaro Claudia , Nebbia Jacopo , Franchi Larissa , Flouri Eirini , Amore Mario 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExperience of bullying may be a significant risk factor for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). This study had three aims: to systematically investigate the association between bullying and NSSI, analyze the possible mechanisms underlying the two phenomena, and evaluate any differences between bullying victimization and bullying perpetration with respect to NSSI. A systematic search about the association between bullying victimization and perpetration and NSSI was conducted using specific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct). The following keywords were used in all database searches: "bullying" AND "NSSI" OR "peer victimization" and NSSI. The searches in PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct revealed a total of 88 articles about bullying or peer victimization and NSSI. However, only 29 met our inclusion criteria and were used for the present review. Overall, all studies examined victimization; four studies also evaluated the effects of perpetration and one included bully-victims. According to the main findings, both being a victim of bullying and perpetrating bullying may increase the risk of adverse psychological outcomes in terms of NSSI and suicidality in the short and the long run. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review to systematically evaluate the relation between bullying victimization/perpetration and NSSI. The main results support a positive association. Future research should evaluate the possible role of specific mediators/moderators of the association between experience of bullying and NSSI.
Participatory Design as the Temporal Flow of Coalescing Participatory Lines
Authors: Hayes Niall , Introna Lucas D. , Cass Noel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper argues that the existing literature on participatory design (PD) tends to focus on frontstage design interactions (workshops, participants, methodologies, techniques, etc.) to facilitate PD ‘here and now’—referred to as theinteractional approach. In contrast, the paper proposes to contribute to an evolving literature, referred to as thetransformational approach, that takes a more longitudinal line and which attends to both the frontstage and backstage within an extended temporal frame. To do this the paper draws on the work of the social anthropologist Tim Ingold, in particular, his concept of the happening of ongoing life as a bundle of flowing lines. The paper argues that PD becomes possible when ongoing participation is conceived of as a set ofcorresponding(or coalescing) and conditioning lines of flow—each line with its own history, attentionality, rhythms, tempos and so forth. To illustrate what this reorientation might mean for PD the paper draws on an in-depth action research study of a PD initiative that sought to develop a digital service to address loneliness and social isolation in a rural location in the UK. The paper explores how project members, individual participants, non-governmental organisation, government representatives, evaluators and funders co-responded to each other (or not) as they engaged, or became implicated, in the PD process. The paper concludes with some practical implications of what such an Ingoldian reorientation might mean for the ongoing development of PD as a transformational methodology.
Long-Term Climate Treaties with a Refunding Club
Authors: Gersbach Hans , Hummel Noemi , Winkler Ralph 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe show that an appropriately-designed “Refunding Club” can simultaneously solve both free-riding problems in mitigating climate change—participating in a coalition with an emission reduction target and enduring voluntary compliance with the target once the coalition has been formed. Countries in the Club pay an initial fee into a fund that is invested in assets. In each period, part of the fund is distributed among the Club members in relation to the emission reductions they have achieved, suitably rescaled by a weighting factor. We show that an appropriate refunding scheme can implement any feasible abatement path a Club wants to implement. The contributions to the initial fund can be used to disentangle efficiency and distributional concerns and/or to make a coalition stable. Making the grand coalition stable in the so-called “modesty approach” requires less than 0.5% of World GDP. Finally, we suggest ways to foster initial participation, to incorporate equity concerns with regard to developing countries, and ways to ease the burden to fill the initial fund.