bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ansiedad social subclínica en adultos jóvenes sanos: cortisol y ansiedad subjetiva en respuesta a estrés agudo
Authors: Mirete Marcos , Molina Sergio , Villada Carolina , Hidalgo Vanesa , Salvadoir Alicia 
Published: August 2021

No existe consenso sobre el patrón de liberación de cortisol y su relación con la ansiedad subjetiva en situaciones de estrés en población con ansiedad social. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la respuesta de cortisol y ansiedad subjetiva en individuos con ansiedad social sometidos a un estresor psicosocial agudo. 26 universitarios (58.6% hombres), edad media = 21.62 ± 0.43, fueron expuestos a la versión estrés o control del Maastricht Acute Stress Test. El cortisol salival y la ansiedad subjetiva fueron medidos antes, durante y post-estrés. Los participantes mostraron un incremento en los niveles de cortisol durante las fases de estrés y post-estrés, con una respuesta significativamente mayor en aquellos con ansiedad social. Los participantes con alta ansiedad social mostraron, a nivel muestral, mayores niveles de ansiedad subjetiva, especialmente post-estrés. Sólo en la fase de estrés, el cortisol y la ansiedad subjetiva correlacionaron significativamente en los participantes socialmente ansiosos. Los hallazgos apoyan una hiperresponsividad de cortisol en población no clínica y joven con alta ansiedad social. Futuras investigaciones deberían estudiar los factores involucrados y efectos de esta respuesta fisiológica en la salud. Asimismo, se resalta la necesidad de controlar la ansiedad social en experimentos que utilicen un estresor psicosocial de laboratorio.
There is no consensus about the pattern of cortisol release and its relationship with subjective anxiety in situations of stress in the population with social anxiety. Our aim was to determine the cortisol and subjective anxiety response in individuals with social anxiety subjected to an acute psychosocial stressor. 26 college students (58.6% males), mean age = 21.62 ± 0.43, were exposed to the stress or control adaptation of the Maastricht Acute Stress Test. Salivary cortisol and subjective anxiety were measured before, during, and after stress. Participants showed an increase in cortisol levels during the stress and post-stress phases, with a significantly higher response in those with high social anxiety. Participants with high social anxiety also showed, as a tendency, higher levels of subjective anxiety, especially in the post-stress phase. Only in the stress phase, cortisol and subjective anxiety correlated significantly in socially anxious participants. The findings support a cortisol hyperresponsiveness in a young, non-clinical population with high social anxiety. Future research should focus on the factors involved and the effects of this physiological response on health. Furthermore, the need to control social anxiety in experiments using a laboratory psychosocial stressor is highlighted.
Comparative Physiology of Drought and Salinity Stress in Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Seedlings
Authors: Chettri P. , Atta Kousik , Pal A. K. 
Published: August 2021

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of iso-osmotic potentials of drought and salinity on physiological parameters of grass pea seedlingsas well as to compare varietal responses.
Study Design: Completely randomized design.
Place and Duration of Study: In the years 2017-2018 and 2018-2019, laboratory research on grass pea varieties BK-14 and Pratik was conducted in the Department of Plant Physiology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
Methodology: The effect of iso-osmotic potential of salinity and drought stress was studied using NaCl (50, 100 and 200 mM ) and PEG 6000 (10, 12 and 18%) solutions with -0.2, -0.4, and -0.8 MPa osmotic potential, and the experiment was carried out in sand culture using modified Hoagland solution under diffused light, at about 80±1% relative humidity (R.H.) and a temperature of 22±1oC. Data on different physiological and biochemical parameters were recorded after ten days of seedling growth in sand culture. Statistical analysis was performed on the mean data in all cases following completely randomized design (CRD) by application of INDOSTAT version 7.1 software.
Results: The germination of grass pea seeds was more severely affected by drought stress than salinity. Both stresses had a negative impact on most of the parameters studied except for leaf proline and sugar The impact became more pronounced as the severity of the stress increased. The highest intensity of drought stress was found to be more detrimental to leaf protein and relative water content in BK 14, while Pratik was more drastically affected by the highest level of salinity. Drought was found to have a significant negative impact on leaf starch in both the grass pea varieties. The highest concentration of PEG led to a remarkable increase in leaf proline.
Conclusion: The mild to moderate levels (-0.2 and -0.4 MPa) of stress did not produce much severe effects on the grass pea seedlings, but the highest intensity of stress with an osmotic potential of -0.8 MPa mostly produced drastic effects. There were varietal differences in response to two abiotic stresses. In general, drought stress was found to cause more negative effects on seedling than iso-osmotic potential of salinity stress.
The Effect of Irrigation to the Amount of Bacterial Colony Formation in Open Fracture
Authors: Nefihancoro Udi Heru , Putra Muhammad Fariza Audi 
Published: August 2021

Aims: To determine the effectiveness of 3, 6, and 9 liters of physiological saline for wound irrigation in grade II open fracture at lower extremity in reducing the number of bacterial colonies
Study Design: This observational study determined the quantity of physiological saline for wound irrigation in grade II open fracture at lower extremity which is effective in reducing the number of bacterial colonies.
Place of Study: Moewardi Hospital Emergency Room and the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Methodology: 16 patients with grade II open fracture at lower extremity who came and received treatment was included. Patients with grade II long bone open fracture less than six hours, patients with multiple open fractures of the long bones taken only in one place, patients who had not received medical treatment since the incident were included. Patients suffering from previous bone and/or soft tissue infections at the fracture site and suffering from multiple trauma who should receive immediate life-saving measures were included.
Results: There were 12 patients who met criteria inclusion. After 3 L irrigation, there was a decrease in the amount of bacterial colony, same as 6 L irrigation, while there was no increase in the number of bacterial colonies in 9 L irrigation. There were significant differences in 3L, 6L, 9L irrigations (p = 0.001), but the most effective irrigation fluid was in 9 liters compared with 6 liters (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Wound irrigation with 3, 6, and 9 liters of normal saline will significantly reduce the number of bacteria. However, irrigation with 9 liters of normal saline dilution in grade II open fracture at the lower extremity is the most effective.
Hyperlipidemia Condition and Novel-Drug Therapies: A Overall Study
Authors: Male CH. K. V. L. S. N. Anjana , Swathi V. , Kumar D. Sai , Karishma . , Yunus Md. Shuaib 
Published: August 2021

Hyperlipidaemia is an condition that increases the chance of coronary heart disease (CHD) and atherosclerotic disease (ASHD) in blood vessels. Hyperlipidaemia occurs in response to smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and other risk factors to extend CHD. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the reason for death.
Hyperlipidaemia is divided into two broad classifications: Primary (familial) and Secondary (acquired).
Primary hyperlipidemia has been generated by hereditary defects and climatic factors or by undisclosed mechanisms. Secondary hyperlipidemia concern to the metabolic disorders linked with the diabetes mellitus, liver complication, thyroid, and kidney complications. Hyperlipidemia also refers to as elevated levels of lipids within the blood. Circulating lipid are carried in lipoproteins that transport the lipids to varied tissues for energy use, lipid deposition, hormone production, and steroid formation. The lipoprotein consists of esterified and unesterified cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, and protein. The general public who have hyperlipidemia experience no symptoms. Hyperlipidemia is most oftenly correlated with high-fat diets, a stationary lifestyle, obesity and diabetes mellitus. Four different classes of cholesterol-lowering drugs namely, statins, niacin, resins, and fibrates are available to treat hyperlipidemia; however, statins are now considered to be the first line therapy. The preventable causes of hyperlipidemia can include: Smoking, Being overweight, Physical inactivity, Steroid use, Alcohol consumption & Diet high in saturated fat, & cholesterol such as cheese, meat, fried & processed foods and egg yolk. The treatment of hyperlipidemia includes statins, bile acid sequestrants, fibric acids, niacin, and cholesterol absorption inhibitors.
There are some of the novel drugs which are selected for the treatment of hyperlipidemia which includes: Evolocumab, Alirocumab, Bempedoic acid, Lomitapide, Evinacumab, and Sebelipase alfa.
Ultra‐Thin Protective Coatings for Sustained Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation with Mo:BiVO4
Authors: Beetz Michael , Häringer Sebastian , Elsässer Patrick , Kampmann Jonathan , Sauerland Lena , Wolf Florian , Günther Marcella , Fischer Anna , Bein Thomas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs global warming caused by the greenhouse effect is becoming one of the major issues of the 21st century, hydrogen as an alternative to fossil‐based fuels and other energy carriers has gained importance in current research. One promising approach to produce hydrogen is photoelectrochemical water splitting, which uses solar energy combined with suitable semiconducting photoabsorber electrodes to generate hydrogen and oxygen from water. However, most water splitting applications reported to date suffer from degradation of the photoabsorber, resulting in a loss of activity after just a few seconds or minutes. Here, a new approach using conformal ultra‐thin and oxidation‐stable protective layers is presented on Mo:BiVO4 thin films combined with a thin Fe0.1Ni0.9O water oxidation co‐catalyst, applied by electrochemical deposition, to achieve unprecedented photocurrent densities of up to 5.6 mA cm−2 under simulated AM1.5G illumination and a neutral pH while providing more stable electrodes for water oxidation.
Mitochondrial Metabolism Targeted Nanoplatform for Efficient Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Combination Therapy
Authors: Lu Lu , Liu Genhua , Lin Chuanchuan , Li Ke , He Tingting , Zhang Jixi , Luo Zhong , Cai Kaiyong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTumor reprogram pathway of mitochondrial metabolism is an emerging approach for malignant tumor treatment, such as triple‐negative breast cancer. In this study, a tumor/mitochondria cascaded targeting, adenosine‐triphosphate (ATP) responsive nanocarrier of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐90 (ZIF‐90) for breast cancer combination therapy is reported. Atovaquone (AVO) and hemin are loaded into ZIF‐90, then a peptide iRGD with tumor‐targeting ability is modified on the ZIF‐90 nanoplatform. Hemin can specifically degrade BTB and CNC homology1 (BACH1), resulting in the changes of mitochondrial metabolism, and AVO acts as the inhibitor of the electron transport chain (ETC). The degradation of BACH1 using hemin can effectively improve the anti‐tumor efficiency of mitochondrial metabolism inhibitor AVO, by increasing dependency on mitochondrial respiration. This nanoplatform displays both tumor‐targeting and mitochondria‐targeting capacity with high level of ATP responsive drug release behavior. The specific characteristic of mitochondria‐targeting ability of this nanoplatform can increase the accumulation of AVO in the mitochondria, and in turn, can effectively improve the inhibition of the ETC. Both in vitro and in vivo results reveal that this composite nanocarrier has excellent tumor inhibition ability with limited side effects. Accordingly, this study provides an attractive strategy in the mitochondrial metabolism for cancer targeted therapy.
Room‐Temperature Halide Perovskite Field‐Effect Transistors by Ion Transport Mitigation
Authors: Jeong Beomjin , Veith Lothar , Smolders Thijs J. A. M. , Wolf Matthew J. , Asadi Kamal 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSolution‐processed halide perovskites have emerged as excellent optoelectronic materials for applications in photovoltaic solar cells and light‐emitting diodes. However, the presence of mobile ions in the material hinders the development of perovskite field‐effect transistors (FETs) due to screening of the gate potential in the nearby perovskite channel, and the resulting impediment to achieving gate modulation of an electronic current at room temperature. Here, room‐temperature operation is demonstrated in cesium lead tribromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite‐based FETs using an auxiliary ferroelectric gate of poly(vinylidenefluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF‐TrFE)], to electrostatically fixate the mobile ions. The large interfacial polarization of the ferroelectric gate attracts the mobile ions away from the main nonferroelectric gate interface, thereby enabling modulation of the electronic current through the channel by the main gate. This strategy allows for realization of the p‐type CsPbBr3 channel and revealing the thermally activated nature of the hole charge transport. The proposed strategy is generic and can be applied for regulating ions in a variety of ionic–electronic mixed semiconductors.
Interpreting 2D Materials Bio‐Nano Interactions: Influence of Aggregation Status, Protein Corona, Cell Culture Media, and Cell Types
Authors: Mei Kuo‐Ching , Costa Pedro M. , Kreuzer Martin , Al‐Jamal Khuloud T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHuge interests have been drawn to 2D nanomaterials for biomedical applications; however, the 2D bio‐nano interface is largely dependent on the biological environment. Hard protein corona (HC)‐dependent bio‐nano interactions are highly sensitive to material surface functional group changes. Alterations in HC change the colloidal stability of the nanomaterials hence changes the material presentation to cells, which ultimately affect bio‐nano interactions. Here graphene oxide (GO) is used as an exemplar 2D platform to investigate HC‐dependent and colloidal stability‐dependent bio‐nano interactions on contrasting non‐phagocytic A549 cells and phagocytic J774 cells, using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and principal components analysis (PCA) of cellular IR spectra obtained by label‐free synchrotron radiation‐based Fourier‐transform IR microspectroscopy (SR‐FTIR).
Recent Advances in Flexible Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Jia Pei , Lu Min , Sun Siqi , Gao Yanbo , Wang Rong , Zhao Xiaowei , Sun Guang , Colvin Vicki L. , Yu William W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFlexible perovskite light‐emitting diodes (FPLEDs) that combine the superior optoelectronic properties of perovskites with the potential of highly flexible, stretchable, and portable electronics have emerged as a new class of revolutionary LED devices for various applications. This article focuses on the recent FPLED research and development. The flexible substrate and electrode are summarized, and the relationship between structure optimization and device performance is established. In order to improve the flexibility and optoelectronic characteristics of FPLEDs, some strategies are put forward, such as the optimization of flexible electrode and emissive layer, the interface engineering, the energy level adjustment, the improvement of light extraction, as well as the improvement of flexibility and stretchability. Furthermore, the future development of FPLEDs is prospected.
Regulating Te Vacancies through Dopant Balancing via Excess Ag Enables Rebounding Power Factor and High Thermoelectric Performance in p‐Type PbTe
Authors: Jang Hanhwi , Park Jong Ho , Lee Ho Seong , Ryu Byungki , Park Su‐Dong , Ju Hyeon‐Ah , Yang Sang‐Hyeok , Kim Young‐Min , Nam Woo Hyun , Wang Heng , Male James , Snyder Gerald Jeffrey , Kim Minjoon , Jung Yeon Sik , Oh Min‐Wook 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThermoelectric properties are frequently manipulated by introducing point defects into a matrix. However, these properties often change in unfavorable directions owing to the spontaneous formation of vacancies at high temperatures. Although it is crucial to maintain high thermoelectric performance over a broad temperature range, the suppression of vacancies is challenging since their formation is thermodynamically preferred. In this study, using PbTe as a model system, it is demonstrated that a high thermoelectric dimensionless figure of merit, zT ≈ 2.1 at 723 K, can be achieved by suppressing the vacancy formation via dopant balancing. Hole‐killer Te vacancies are suppressed by Ag doping because of the increased electron chemical potential. As a result, the re‐dissolution of Na2Te above 623 K can significantly increase the hole concentration and suppress the drop in the power factor. Furthermore, point defect scattering in material systems significantly reduces lattice thermal conductivity. The synergy between defect and carrier engineering offers a pathway for achieving a high thermoelectric performance by alleviating the power factor drop and can be utilized to enhance thermoelectric properties of thermoelectric materials.
On the drying kinetics of non‐spherical particle‐filled polymer films: A numerical study
Authors: Gracia‐Medrano‐Bravo Víctor‐Alfonso , Scharfer Philip , Schabel Wilhelm 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDuring the coating and drying of thin polymer‐particle composites, the particle geometry has a big impact on the prediction of concentration profiles in the dry film. In this work, a plate‐like geometry is used to evaluate the mass transport of the particles with the aspect ratio as a variable. The experimental determination of the viscosity and sedimentation rates allows to simulate concentration profiles in the wet film while drying. A previous simulation model was automated to describe the drying of the plate‐like particles—polyvinyl alcohol‐water material system using COMSOL with the initial concentration, aspect ratio, Péclet number, and sedimentation number as input parameters. The results are summarized in drying regime maps, which show an increase in the evaporation regime when the aspect ratio decreases due to lower particle mobility. This shows the importance of the geometry while predicting the particle distribution in the dry film and designing coating and drying processes.
Exporting Metal‐Carbene Chemistry to Live Mammalian Cells: Copper‐Catalyzed Intracellular Synthesis of Quinoxalines Enabled by N−H Carbene Insertions
Authors: Gutiérrez Sara , Tomás‐Gamasa María , Mascareñas José L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractImplementing catalytic organometallic transformations in living settings can offer unprecedented opportunities in chemical biology and medicine. Unfortunately, the number of biocompatible reactions so far discovered is very limited, and essentially restricted to uncaging processes. Here, we demonstrate the viability of performing metal carbene transfer reactions in live mammalian cells. In particular, we show that copper (II) catalysts can promote the intracellular annulation of alpha‐keto diazocarbenes with ortho‐amino arylamines, in a process that is initiated by an N‐H carbene insertion. The potential of this transformation is underscored by the in cellulo synthesis of a product that alters mitochondrial functions, and by demonstrating cell selective biological responses using targeted copper catalysts. Considering the wide reactivity spectrum of metal carbenes, this work opens the door to significantly expanding the repertoire of life‐compatible abiotic reactions.
Doxorubicin‐Sensitized Luminescence of NIR‐Emitting Ytterbium Liposomes: Towards Direct Monitoring of Drug Release
Authors: Lacerda Sara , Delalande Anthony , Eliseeva Svetlana V. , Pallier Agnès , Bonnet Célia S. , Szeremeta Frédéric , Même Sandra , Pichon Chantal , Petoud Stéphane , Tóth Éva 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDrug‐loaded liposomes are typical examples of nanomedicines. We show here that doxorubicin, the anti‐cancer agent in the liposomal drug Doxil, can sensitize Ytterbium (Yb3+) and generate its near‐infrared (NIR) emission. When doxorubicin and amphiphilic Yb3+ chelates are incorporated into liposomes, the sensitized emission of Yb3+ is dependent on the integrity of the particles, which can be used to monitor drug release. We also established the first demonstration that the NIR Yb3+ emission signal is observable in living mice following intratumoral injection of the Yb3+‐doxorubicin‐liposomes, using a commercial macroscopic setup equipped with a NIR camera.
Identification of a Bromodomain‐like Region in 15‐Lipoxygenase‐1 Explains Its Nuclear Localization
Authors: Chen Deng , Xiao Zhangping , Guo Hao , Gogishvili Dea , Setroikromo Rita , van der Wouden Petra E. , Dekker Frank J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLipoxygenase (LOX) activity provides oxidative lipid metabolites, which are involved in inflammatory disorders and tumorigenesis. Activity‐based probes to detect the activity of LOX enzymes in their cellular context provide opportunities to explore LOX biology and LOX inhibition. Here, we developed Labelox B as a potent covalent LOX inhibitor for one‐step activity‐based labeling of proteins with LOX activity. Labelox B was used to establish an ELISA‐based assay for affinity capture and antibody‐based detection of specific LOX isoenzymes. Moreover, Labelox B enabled efficient activity‐based labeling of endogenous LOXs in living cells. LOX proved to localize in the nucleus, which was rationalized by identification of a functional bromodomain‐like consensus motif in 15‐LOX‐1. This indicates that 15‐LOX‐1 is not only involved in oxidative lipid metabolism, but also in chromatin binding, which suggests a potential role in chromatin modifications.
Influence of different reactor types on Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae culture for lipids and fatty acid production
Authors: Martínez‐Macias Maria del Rosario , Aguilar‐Ruiz Rocio Janeth , Nateras‐Ramírez Omar , Sánchez‐Machado Dalia Isabel , López‐Cervantes Jaime , Dévora‐Isiordia Germán Eduardo , Álvarez‐Sánchez Jesús , Ríos‐Vázquez Nidia Josefina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGreenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere by burning of fossil fuels cause global warming. One option is obtaining biodiesel. Nannochloropsis oculata was cultured under different light intensities and reactors at 25°C for 21 days with f/2 medium to assess their effects on cell density, lipid, and fatty acids (FAs). N. oculata improved cell density on fed‐batch glass tubular reactor (7 L) at 200 μmol E m−2 s−1, yielding 3.5 × 108 cells ml−1, followed by fed‐batch Erlenmeyer flask (1 L) at 650 μmol E m−2 s−1 with 1.7 × 108 cells ml−1. The highest total lipid contents (% g lipid × g dry biomass−1) were 44.4 ± 0.8% for the reactor (1 L) at 650 μmol E m−2 s−1 and 35.2 ± 0.2% for the tubular reactor (7 L) at 200 μmol E m−2 s−1, until twice as high compared with the control culture (Erlenmeyer flask 1 L, 80 μmol E m−2 s−1) with 21.2 ± 1%. Comparing the total lipid content at 200 μmol E m−2 s−1, tubular reactor (7 L) and reactor 1 L achieved 35.2 ± 0.2% and 28.3 ± 1%, respectively, indicating the effect of shape reactor. The FAs were affected by high light intensity, decreasing SFAs to 2.5%, and increased monounsaturated fatty acids + polyunsaturated fatty acids to 2.5%. PUFAs (20:5n‐3) and (20:4n‐3) were affected by reactor shape, decreasing by half in the tubular reactor. In the best culture, fed‐batch tubular reactor (7 L) at 200 μmol E m−2 s−1 contains major FAs (16:0; 38.06 ± 0.16%), (16:1n‐7; 30.74 ± 0.58%), and (18:1n‐9; 17.15 ± 0.91%).