bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Optimization of the InGaP/GaAs Dual-Junction Solar Cell Using SILVACO TCAD
Authors: Salem Marwa S. , Saif Omar M. , Shaker Ahmed , Abouelatta Mohamed , Alzahrani Abdullah J. , Alanazi Adwan , Elsaid M. K. , Ramadan Rabie A. 
Published: February 2021

In this work, an optimization of the InGaP/GaAs dual-junction (DJ) solar cell performance is presented. Firstly, a design for the DJ solar cell based on the GaAs tunnel diode is provided. Secondly, the used device simulator is calibrated with recent experimental results of an InGaP/GaAs DJ solar cell. After that, the optimization of the DJ solar cell performance is carried out for two different materials of the top window layer, AlGaAs and AlGaInP. For AlGaAs, the optimization is carried out for the following: aluminum (Al) mole fraction, top window thickness, top base thickness, and bottom BSF doping and thickness. The electrical performance parameters of the optimized cell are extracted:

J

SC

=
18.23

mA
/
c

m

2

,

V

OC

=
2.33

V

,

FF
=
86.42
%

, and the conversion efficiency (

η

c

) equals 36.71%. By using AlGaInP as a top cell window, the electrical performance parameters for the optimized cell are

J

SC

=
19.84

mA
/
c

m

2

,

V

OC

=
2.32

V

,

FF
=
83.9
%

, and

η

c

=
38.53
%

. So, AlGaInP is found to be the optimum material for the InGaP/GaAs DJ cell top window layer as it gives 4% higher conversion efficiency under 1 sun of the standard AM1.5G solar spectrum at 300 K in comparison with recent literature results. All optimization steps and simulation results are carried out using the SLVACO TCAD tool.
Sonia Virginia Moreira e as geografias da comicação
Authors: Martini Mara Rovida , Almeida Filho Edgard Patrício de 
Published: February 2021

No 10˚ aniversário do Grupo de Pesquisa da Intercom Geografias da Comunicação, foi feito um levantamento sobre a produção acadêmica na interface comunicação e geografia. Os dados observados dão o gancho para a entrevista com a professora doutora Sonia Virginia Moreira, umas das criadoras do GP.
Colección Aquelarre: editar después del naufragio
Authors: Agustí Lluís , Rueda Ramírez Pedro 
Published: February 2021

Tras la derrota de las fuerzas republicanas en Cataluña, cerca de medio millón de españoles cruzaron la frontera francesa. De estos refugiados, entre 20.000 y 25.000 fueron acogidos en México entre los años 1939 y 1942.
Se calcula que durante la década de los cuarenta y cincuenta, 111 nuevos sellos editoriales fueron creados por estos españoles transterrados en México.
Simón Otaola (San Sebastián, 1907 - Ciudad de México, 1980) y José Ramón Arana (seudónimo de José Ruiz Borau, Garrapinillos, 1905 - Zaragoza, 1973), junto con otros miembros de la llamada tertulia Aquelarre, crearon en la Ciudad de México entre los años 1950 y 1954 una editorial bajo el nombre de Colección Aquelarre.
Como en otros casos de editoriales de la época, no se conservan los archivos de Aquelarre; a partir de la recuperación de las obras editadas bajo este sello, de otros textos y testimonios del exilio español en México, hemos reconstruido y recuperado aquí su historia.
La primera obra apareció bajo el sello Ediciones Corzo y, dentro de éste, en la Colección Aquelarre: Otaola, Unos hombres: retratos (1950): A partir de esta obra, las siguientes tomarían como nombre de editorial el de la colección. La última de las obras editadas fue: Ramón J. Sender, Ariadna: novela (1955 [i.e. 1954]).
Las 19 obras editadas por la Colección Aquelarre estuvieron financiadas por los propios autores. Fueron ediciones cuidadas desde el punto de vista tipográfico, con papel de calidad y encuadernaciones en rústica de diseños sobrios pero bellos y de colores llamativos.
China and the Uighurs: Options for Legal Accountability
Authors: Garwood-Gowers Andrew 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this contribution the author examines options for legal accountability in relation to possible crimes against humanity and genocide against the Uighurs. While China’s reluctance to accede to international adjudication mechanisms means there are limited avenues for accountability, recent developments in relation to the International Criminal Court’s jurisdiction over crimes with a transboundary element may open the door to possible investigation and prosecution of Chinese nationals. However, more immediate steps to respond to the situation in Xinjiang will focus on securing access for an independent fact-finding investigation and persuading China to uphold its responsibility to protect.
Corporate Governance and the Environmental Politics of Shipping
Authors: Alger Justin , Lister Jane , Dauvergne Peter 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A handful of companies dominate the world’s shipping industry. These firms have gained political leverage over the global governance of container shipping in particular. Intriguingly, in recent years the Danish conglomerate Maersk—the world’s biggest container and shipping vessel company since the mid-1990s—has been using its influence to push for higher environmental standards for the industry as a whole. To some extent these initiatives are helping to promote environmental efficiencies, cleaner fuels, and greener technology. But they are also raising costs for small and midsized companies with extremely low profit margins, further enhancing the competitiveness of the biggest shipping conglomerates in an increasingly oligopolistic market. While voluntary self-governance by companies such as Maersk is incrementally improving the environmental management of global shipping, it is also further concentrating governance power within a few transnational corporations, potentially taking more ambitious regulation off the agenda.
Challenges to Global Health Governance from the International Trade in Organ Transplants
Authors: Langran Irene 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The internationalization of medical services—including organ transplantations—is driven by advances in technology and integration of trade. Patients in need of organ transplants began to seek these services outside their countries of origin in the 1980s and 1990s, and this practice expanded in the ensuing decades. While these transplants yielded benefits to some, abuses included human trafficking, preying on vulnerable populations, and negative outcomes in health equity. This case study of efforts to regulate the international transplant trade yields important findings for our understanding of global health governance. First, it provides support to the “globalization reformers” who maintain that if globalization’s benefits are to be widely distributed, institutional mechanisms must be enacted. Second, it provides another example of the externalities that occur when health concerns are absent, poorly represented, or weakened in trade negotiations. Finally, it demonstrates limits of a global health regime that lacks a centralized authority.
Brazil’s Role in Latin America’s Regionalism
Authors: Vadell Javier A. , Giaccaglia Clarisa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, Brazil became a crucial player as the principal advocate of South American integration. To Mercado Común del Sur (Mercosur) was added the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), reaffirming regional policies around the idea of “South America.” Today, however, the withdrawal of Brazilian leadership along with the reversals and loss of focus in UNASUR and Mercosur have damaged the credibility of the region’s initiatives, as well as finding South America’s common voice. Despite this, this article argues that Brazil has not entirely disengaged from the region or abandoned the principle of regionalism. Recognition of Latin America’s distinctive history the authors to construct a model that incorporates complexity and disorder in which Brazil’s institutional political development will have significant repercussions for the future of the region.
Writing-Mediated Interaction Face-to-Face: Sinitic Brushtalk in the Japanese Missions’ Transnational Encounters with Foreigners During the Mid-Nineteenth Century
Authors: Aoyama Reijiro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Drawing on Chinese-Japanese transnational and transcultural interaction in the mid-nineteenth century, this article illustrates how Sinitic brushtalk functioned as an effective modality of communication between Chinese and Japanese literati who did not have a shared spoken language. The illustrations are adapted from personal diary-like travelogues of Japanese travelers to Shanghai on board the Senzaimaru in 1862 and participants in the Japanese mission to the United States in 1860. The recollection of the brushtalkers with their Chinese interlocutors whom they met on the way, including those during their return journey from the US while calling at trading ports like Batavia and Hong Kong, provides elaborate details on how writing-mediated improvisation using brush, ink, and paper allowed Japanese travelers with literacy in Sinitic to engage in “silent conversation” with their literate Chinese counterparts. A third historical context where Sinitic brushtalk was put to meaningful use was US–Japanese negotiations during Commodore Perry’s naval expedition to Edo Bay in 1854, where Luo Sen, bilingual in Chinese (spoken Cantonese) and English, was hired to perform the role of secretary. Throughout the negotiations, Luo was able to perform his duties admirably in part by impressing the Japanese side with his fine brushtalk improvisations. While misunderstanding and miscommunication could not be entirely avoided, the article concludes that until the early 1900s writing-mediated interaction through Sinitic brushtalk in face-to-face encounters functioned adequately and effectively as a scripta franca between literate Japanese and their Chinese “silent conversation” partners both within and beyond Sinographic East Asia. Such a unique modality of communication remained vibrant until the advent of nationalism and the vernacularization of East Asian national languages at the turn of the century.
A Clinical Decision Analysis for Use of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Nonabsorbable Nasal Packing
Authors: Maul Ximena , Dincer Berkay C. , Wu Arthur W. , Thamboo Andrew V. , Higgins Thomas S. , Scangas George A. , Oliveira Kristin , Ho Allen S. , Mallen‐St Clair Jon , Walgama Evan 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveNonabsorbable nasal packing is often placed for the treatment of epistaxis or after sinonasal or skull base surgery. Antibiotics are often prescribed to prevent toxic shock syndrome (TSS), a rare, potentially fatal occurrence. However, the risk of TSS must be balanced against the major risk of antibiotic use, specifically Clostridium difficile colitis (CDC). The purpose of this study is to evaluate in terms of cost‐effectiveness whether antibiotics should be prescribed when nasal packing is placed.Study DesignA clinical decision analysis was performed using a Markov model to evaluate whether antibiotics should be given.SettingPatients with nonabsorbable nasal packing placed.MethodsUtility scores, probabilities, and costs were obtained from the literature. We assess the cost‐effectiveness of antibiotic use when the risk of community‐acquired CDC is balanced against the risk of TSS from nasal packing. Sensitivity analysis was performed for assumptions used in the model.ResultsThe incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio for antibiotic use was 334,493 US dollars (USD)/quality‐adjusted life year (QALY). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that not prescribing antibiotics was cost‐effective in 98.0% of iterations at a willingness to pay of 50,000 USD/QALY. Sensitivity analysis showed that when the risk of CDC from antibiotics was greater than 910/100,000 or when the incidence of TSS after nasal packing was less than 49/100,000 cases, the decision to withhold antibiotics was cost‐effective.ConclusionsRoutine antibiotic prophylaxis in the setting of nasal packing is not cost‐effective and should be reconsidered. Even if antibiotics are assumed to prevent TSS, the risk of complications from antibiotic use is of greater consequence.Level of Evidence3a
Do Employment Experience and Attractiveness Rankings Matter in Employee Recommendation? A Firm-level Analysis of Employers
Authors: Saini Gordhan K. , Jawahar I. M. 
Published: February 2021

In this article, we draw on psychological contract theory to examine the influence of employees’ experiences on their ‘employer of choice’ recommendation and on signalling theory to examine the influence of employer rankings on ‘employer of choice’ recommendation. Using firm-level data representing 387 firms, we used Tobit regression model to assess the effect of employment experience and employer attractiveness rankings on employees’ recommendation of a company as an ‘employer of choice’. We found that employment experience of current and former employees positively influenced employees’ endorsement of their employer. Culture and values, and career opportunities are the most significant variables in generating positive employee recommendation. In addition, appearing in most attractive employer rankings also influenced their recommendation. However, employer rankings lower than the median rank had no effect on whether or not employees recommended their organizations. Being ranked lower than the median did not influence employees’ decisions to endorse their organization because it does not have the same potency for employees as when a firm is ranked higher than the median. Results provide us with a nuanced understanding of the effects of employer attractiveness rankings. Our study has important conceptual and methodological strengths (including the firm-level measure of employment experience and word of mouth) over previous studies in the area of employer branding. JEL Classification: M370, M510, M540, C340, M190
Rehabilitation training based on virtual reality for patients with Parkinson’s disease in improving balance, quality of life, activities of daily living, and depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis
Authors: Li Runze , Zhang Yanran , Jiang Yunxia , Wang Mengyao , Ang Wei How Darryl , Lau Ying 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of rehabilitation training based on virtual reality in improving balance, quality of life, activities of daily living, and depressive symptoms of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Data sources: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, ProQuest, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, IEEE Xplore, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP Information databases were searched from their inception to October 15, 2020. Trial registries, gray literature, and target journals were also searched. Methods: Eligible randomized controlled trials included studies with patients with Parkinson’s disease in rehabilitation training based on virtual reality. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software was used. Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale and the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system were used to assess the methodological quality of individual trials and the overall quality of the evidence, respectively. Results: A total of 22 randomized controlled trials with 836 patients were included. Meta-analysis revealed that training significantly improved balance ( g = 0.66, P < 0.001), quality of life ( g = 0.28, P = 0.015), activities of daily living ( g = 0.62, P < 0.001), and depressive symptoms ( g = 0.67, P = 0.021) compared to the control group. Subgroup analysis indicated that training should utilize video game consoles. Meta-regression analyses showed that age, sessions, and frequency of training had statistically significant impacts on balance scores. Quality of individual trials was high and overall evidence ranged from very low to low. Conclusion: Virtual rehabilitation training could be adopted in healthcare institutions as supplementary training for patients with Parkinson’s disease.
Delirium screening tools validated in the context of palliative care: A systematic review
Authors: Watt Christine L , Scott Mary , Webber Colleen , Sikora Lindsey , Bush Shirley H , Kabir Monisha , Boland Jason W , Woodhouse Rebecca , Sands Megan B , Lawlor Peter G 
Published: February 2021

Background: Delirium is a distressing neuropsychiatric disorder affecting patients in palliative care. Although many delirium screening tools exist, their utility, and validation within palliative care settings has not undergone systematic review. Aim: To systematically review studies that validate delirium screening tools conducted in palliative care settings. Design: Systematic review with narrative synthesis (PROSPERO ID: CRD42019125481). A risk of bias assessment via Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 was performed. Data sources: Five electronic databases were systematically searched (January 1, 1982–May 3, 2020). Quantitative studies validating a screening tool in adult palliative care patient populations were included. Studies involving alcohol withdrawal, critical or perioperative care were excluded. Results: Dual-reviewer screening of 3749 unique titles and abstracts identified 95 studies for full-text review and of these, 17 studies of 14 screening tools were included ( n = 3496 patients). Data analyses revealed substantial heterogeneity in patient demographics and variability in screening and diagnostic practices that limited generalizability between study populations and care settings. A risk of bias assessment revealed methodological and reporting deficits, with only 3/17 studies at low risk of bias. Conclusions: The processes of selecting a delirium screening tool and determining optimal screening practices in palliative care are complex. One tool is unlikely to fit the needs of the entire palliative care population across all palliative care settings. Further research should be directed at evaluating and/or adapting screening tools and practices to fit the needs of specific palliative care settings and populations.
Radiotherapy after testis-sparing surgery for seminoma in monorchid patients: safety and efficacy
Authors: Avuzzi Barbara , Tittarelli Andrea , Andreani Stefano , Noris Chiorda Barbara , Seregni Ettore , Villa Sergio , Tana Silvia , Valdagni Riccardo , Salvioni Roberto , Biasoni Davide , Catanzaro Mario , Stagni Silvia , Nicolai Nicola 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To evaluate local control and longitudinal endocrine data in monorchid patients treated with testicular-sparing surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for seminomatous germ-cell tumors. Methods: We searched our database established in 2009 for patients with seminoma who received testis irradiation following partial orchiectomy up to 2018. Eleven patients were identified. All had associated germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) in surrounding parenchyma. Analysis focused on local control and testosterone levels preservation after RT. We considered age, baseline (pre-RT) testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, residual testicular volume, tumor size, and testosterone and LH levels trend over time in order to identify any association with endocrine impairment leading to hormonal replacement need. Results: After a median follow-up of 21 months, no local or distant relapses were observed and hormonal function was maintained in 54.5% of patients (6/11). No significant interactions were observed for the investigated covariates. Notably, we observed an association between higher baseline testosterone levels and a decreased risk of exogenous androgen replacement (hazard ratio [HR] 0.409, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.161–1.039, p = 0.060), whereas tumor size was associated with an increased risk of exogenous androgen replacement (HR 1.847, 95% CI 0.940–3.627, p = 0.075). Conclusions: Radiotherapy after testicular sparing surgery is effective in preventing local disease relapse in presence of GCNIS in the medium term. This strategy allows a preservation of adequate endocrine function in about half of patients. More patients and longer follow-up are needed to confirm these findings.
Postcolonial world literature: Narration, translation, imagination
Authors: Wiemann Dirk , Mazumdar Shaswati , Raja Ira 
Published: February 2021

Postcolonial criticism has repeatedly debunked the ostensible neutrality of the ‘world’ of world literature by pointing out that and how the contemporary world – whether conceived in terms of cosmopolitan conviviality or neoliberal globalization – cannot be understood without recourse to the worldly event of Europe’s colonial expansion. While we deem this critical perspective indispensable, we simultaneously maintain that to reduce ‘the world’ to the world-making impact of capital, colonialism, and patriarchy paints an overly deterministic picture that runs the risk of unwittingly reproducing precisely that dominant ‘oneworldness’ that it aims to critique. Moreover, the mere potentiality of alternative modes of world-making tends to disappear in such a perspective so that the only remaining option to think beyond oneworldness resides in the singularity claim. This insistence on singularity, however, leaves the relatedness of the single units massively underdetermined or denies it altogether. By contrast, we locate world literature in the conflicted space between the imperial imposition of a hierarchically stratified world (to which, as hegemonic forces tell us, ‘there is no alternative’) and the unrealized ‘undivided world’ that multiple minor cosmopolitan projects yet have to win. It is precisely the tension between these ‘two worlds’ that brings into view the crucial centrality not of the nodes in their alleged singularity but their specific relatedness to each other, that both impedes and energizes world literature today and renders it ineluctably postcolonial.
Opioid Literacy of Korean Americans in Rural Alabama: Addressing the Role of Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Lee Hee Yun , Choi Eun Young , Won Cho Rong , Song Jieun , Gajos Jamie M. , Kim Soo Young 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Opioid crisis has disproportionately affected Alabamians with the highest opioid prescription rate, and it is subjected to affect Korean Americans (KA) negatively based on common predictors of opioid misuse that KA possess. Method: Cross-sectional data of KA in rural Alabama ( N = 230) were analyzed. Opioid literacy was assessed by the Brief Opioid Overdose Knowledge survey. Six social determinants of health factors were considered: financial status, educational attainment, English proficiency, household food insecurity, health literacy, and social contact. Results: Participants had limited opioid literacy ( M = 3.56, SD = 3.06). After adjusting for demographics and health covariates, higher levels of overall opioid literacy were associated with higher household income ( B = .48, p < .01), higher levels of health literacy ( B = .71, p < .01), and less frequent social contact ( B = −.40, p < .01). Significant social determinants of health predictors varied across subdomains of opioid literacy. Discussion: The findings suggest that culturally competent and community-level interventions are needed to increase opioid literacy in KA in rural Alabama.