bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pemberian Edukasi terhadap Pengetahuan Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM) Pada Penderita HIV Yayasan Kanti Sehati Sejati Kota Jambi
Authors: Permatasari Jelly , Meirista Indri , Mawaddah Nadiatul 
Published: June 2021

HIV/AIDS adalah masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang memerlukan perhatian yang serius dari pemerintah. Selain pengobatan terapi konvensional, orang dengan HIV/AIDS sering menggunakan pengobatan alternatif dan komplementer (CAM) untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan. Pengobatan alternative dan komplementer (CAM) menggunakan bahan-bahan alami, tidak hanya terbatas pada tumbuhan herbal, tetapi juga mencakup penggunaan vitamin dan mineral alam lainnya. Dibandingkan pengobatan konvensional pengobatan terapi CAM lebih aman untuk digunakan karena tidak menimbulkan efek samping yang serius. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian edukasi CAM pada ODHA di Yayasan Kanti Sehati Sejati Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimental jenis one group pretest-posttest dan merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data secara prospektif. Didapat 35 ODHA yang menjadi responden pada penelitian ini dan terdaftar sebagai anggota di Yayasan Kanti Sehati Sejati Kota Jambi. Data Hasil penelitian mengenai karakteristik demografi dan pengetahuan CAM diperoleh dari kuisioner yang diberikan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi dan dibuktikan dengan uji paired T test sehingga diperoleh nilai signifikansi ≤ 0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh edukasi terhadap pengetahuan CAM pada penderita HIV.
Kata kunci : Pengobatan Alternatif dan Komplementer, CAM, HIV/AIDS.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DENGAN TINGKAT STRES KELUARGA DALAM MERAWAT PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS GAMPING 2 KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Protomo Firman Anugrah , Putri Imram Radne Rimba , Irfanudin Muhamad 
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Skizofrenia merupakan gangguan yang mempengaruhi otak dan menyebabkan timbulnya pikiran emosi, persepsi, gerakan dan prilaku yang terganggu ditandai dengan halusinasi. Anggota keluarga yang menderita skizofrenia tidak hanya menyebabkan ketergantungan saja pada keluarga, akan tetapi berdampak pada stres keluarga yang merawat dan mengurus semua kebutuhan pasien skizofrenia, sehingga dukungan sosial dari keluarga sangat dibutuhkan untuk kesembuhan pasien, jika keluarga mengalami stres maka dukungan sosial yang diberikan keluarga terhadap pasien akan kurang efektif..
Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan tingkat stres keluarga dalam merawat pasien skizofrenia di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gamping 2 Kabupaten Sleman.
Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan deskriptif analitik menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan teknik purposive sampling. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 80 pasien yang mengalami skizofrenia yang ada di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gamping 2. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 67 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner dukungan sosial dan kuesioner tingkat stres Uji statistik yang digunakan yaitu Kendall Tau.
Hasil: Dukungan sosial termasuk kategori sedang mayoritas 33 responden (49,3). Tingkat stres yang dialami keluarga termasuk dalam kategori sedang mayoritas 39 responden (58,2). Hasil analisis dengan uji Kendall Tau menunjukan tidak ada hubungan dukungan sosial dengan tingkat stres keluarga dalam merawat pasien skizofrenia (0,292 > 0,05).
Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan dukungan sosial dengan tingkat stres keluarga dalam merawat pasien skizofrenia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gamping 2 Kabupaten Sleman
Intestinal Dysbiosis and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Auguet Teresa , Bertran Laia , Binetti Jessica 
Published: June 2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 20–30% of the population, with an increased prevalence in industrialized regions. Some patients with NAFLD develop an inflammatory condition termed non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that is characterized by hepatocellular injury, innate immune cell-mediated inflammation, and progressive liver fibrosis. In clinical practice, abdominal imaging, which reveals hepatic steatosis, is sufficient for NAFLD diagnosis if other diseases have been rejected. However, a liver biopsy is needed to differentiate NASH from simple steatosis. Therapeutic strategies used to treat obesity and metabolic syndrome improve NAFLD, but there is no specific treatment effective for NASH. The gut microbiota (GM) is composed of millions of microorganisms. Changes in the GM have a significant impact on host health. Intestinal dysbiosis is an imbalance in the GM that can induce increased permeability of the epithelial barrier, with migration of GM-derived mediators through portal vein to the liver. These mediators, such as lipopolysaccharides, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids (BAs), choline, and endogenous ethanol, seem to be involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. Given this evidence, it would be interesting to consider GM-derived mediator determination through omics techniques as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for NASH and to focus research on microbiota modulation as a possible treatment for NASH.
Climate Change Risks in Horticultural Value Chains: A Case Study from Zimbabwe
Authors: Dube Nqobizitha 
Published: June 2021

Increasing frequency and severity of droughts and floods, shift in onset and cessation of the rainfall and increasing intensity of mid-season dry spells in the last 50 years have been identified in Zimbabwe. This paper presents an assessment of risks from climate change to the horticulture sector of Zimbabwe with the aim to provide mitigatory actions that could alleviate climate change risks in the horticultural sector of Zimbabwe. Specifically the chapter seeks to outline the climate change risks facing the horticulture sector in Zimbabwe, propose actions to reduce risks and assess financing and policy options for climate change adaptation in Zimbabwe. The study followed the approach taken by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) which analyses climate risks at each stage of the horticulture value chain. The stages used by Vermeulen are input supplies (seeds, fertilisers, pest management, etc.,); agricultural production (water use, soil management, skill base, etc.,) and postproduction processes (storage, processing, transport, retail, etc.,). Data was collected from multiple stakeholders in areas with notable horticultural production across Zimbabwe using semi-structured interview guides. The study population composed of horticulture farmers, produce processing firms, value chain support organisations and government arms related to horticulture.
Le lecteur malveillant dans les Relations de Pierre Biard (1616) et de Paul Lejeune (1632‑1641)1
Authors: Debacq Éric 
Published: June 2021

La Relation de Biard est souvent l’oubliée des Relations jésuites de Nouvelle‑France. Elle est, il est vrai, à part. D’abord, elle est publiée à Lyon chez Louis Muguet, alors que la quasi‑totalité des autres Relations sont éditées à Paris, chez Cramoisy. De plus, elle est antérieure : elle paraît en 1616, alors que la publication du corpus bien connu se fait annuellement entre 1632 et 1673. Ajoutons enfin qu’elle n’est pas une lettre, contrairement aux autres qui sont une extension imprimée de la lettre à la fois informative, administrative et propagandaire que les jésuites s’envoient de part et d’autre du globe. L’analyse de la figure du lecteur dans les Relations de Biard et de Lejeune amène à penser les différences et les ressemblances entre les deux corpus : différence dans la nature du lien affiché avec le lecteur (destinataire ou « amy Lecteur » désigné par convention), similitude dans la construction d’une figure de lecteur malveillant, qui trouverait son origine dans le caractère antipamphlétaire de la Relation de Biard.
« On ne voit goutte »
Authors: Sribnai Judith 
Published: June 2021

Marie de l’Incarnation est l’auteure d’une importante correspondance dont il ne reste aujourd’hui que quelques centaines de lettres. À côté du dialogue qu’elle y noue avec ses correspondants de France et de Nouvelle‑France, l’Ursuline poursuit, inlassablement, une conversation intérieure, faite d’oraisons et de prières à Dieu. Cet échange est un lieu de secrets, un espace qui se dit mal, s’écrit encore moins, mais dont son fils et d’autres sollicitent pourtant le récit. Ses lecteurs assistent alors à une autre conversation, toujours recommencée, avec le « Verbe éternel ». Cet Autre habite toutes les lettres et fait, insensiblement, de tout lecteur un tiers, spectateur et témoin du mystère. Ce faisant, Marie de l’Incarnation familiarise chacun de ses correspondants avec l’expérience mystique, utilisant l’espace de la lettre pour ouvrir à un autre dialogue, où il n’y aurait plus ni épistolière ni destinataire.
De l’impératif de la vertu politique à la préférence de Rousseau pour un gouvernement aristocratique
Authors: Lafon Stéphane 
Published: June 2021

Dans la théorie politique de Rousseau, si la forme du gouvernement importe peu, pourvu qu’il demeure subordonné au souverain, le philosophe genevois semble néanmoins accorder sa préférence à un gouvernement de type aristocratique afin de respecter cette exigence. Devant la difficulté de réunir les conditions supposées du gouvernement démocratique, et établissant la vertu politique comme principe d’une société véritablement démocratique, le raisonnement du Genevois semble le conduire à penser le gouvernement de type aristocratique comme le meilleur de tous, avec des magistrats qui gouvernent pour le bien commun et exécutent la volonté générale sans tendre à l’incarner : un gouvernement « énarétocratique », reposant sur la vertu politique de ses magistrats. Ce gouvernement peut être conçu comme un expédient privilégié pour neutraliser les ferments oligarchiques de toute société politique. La modernité de la pensée du philosophe genevois réside dans le fait qu’elle ouvre des possibles en matière de pratique politique.
« Devoir-implique-pouvoir » et le problème des négations de normes
Authors: Notter Judith 
Published: June 2021

Selon certains philosophes, le principe « devoir-implique-pouvoir » (DIP) exprime une vérité analytique et permet d’inférer des énoncés normatifs sur la base de prémisses purement descriptives. Le principe DIP offrirait ainsi un contre-exemple à la fameuse loi de Hume. Le problème est que DIP permet uniquement de construire des raisonnements dont les conclusions sont des négations de normes. Or, selon certains auteurs, les négations de normes n’expriment pas de véritables jugements moraux (Nelson, 1995). En ce sens, selon eux, DIP ne permet pas de tirer des conclusions normatives sur la base de prémisses uniquement descriptives. Dans cet article, nous soutenons au contraire que les négations de normes sont de véritables normes et que DIP permet bien de déduire une conclusion normative à partir de prémisses purement descriptives.
Medical Students’ Attitudes and Beliefs toward Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alyoubi Reem , Alotaibi Afnan , Mohamed Haifa , Alghamdi Lama , Alhumaidi Nouran , Alsulami Roaya , Tayyeb Shehana 
Published: June 2021

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common reasons for long-term disability among the world. Up to 70–85% of people develop a back pain during the course of their lives. It affects people of all ages and is generally caused by sedentary jobs, obesity, smoking and low socioeconomic status. Chronic low back pain (CLBP) harms one’s work effectiveness, psychological condition and social responsibilities, such as family life. LBP is considered an indication for medical rehabilitation and is increasingly becoming a significant factor in rising healthcare costs. The current LBP guidelines recommend health care professionals to encourage patients to conduct daily physical activity, which includes remaining in purposeful work and staying active daily. Health care practitioners (HCPs) who hold negative beliefs toward CLBP are likely to suggest advice against the present guidelines, including longdays absence from their jobs.On the other hand, HCPs holding positive beliefs are more likely to appreciate the guidelines.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the beliefs and attitudes toward CLBP among medical students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia at the King Abdulaziz University (KAU), between June–July 2018.
Methods: We conducted a qualitative cross-sectional study among 370 medical students at the KAU using an online HC-PAIRS questionnaire. We entered the data using an Excel sheet (2013)and then analyzed it using SPSS (version 23). We used chi-square, one-way ANOVA and summary and independent t-tests.
Results: In this study, we used the mean and standard deviation of the total score to compare our study (µ = 64.43 ± 11.34) with a previous study that focused on functional restoration HCPs at the Tufts University, USA (µ = 38 ± 7) using summary t-test (t = –25.316). The p-value was significant (<0.001).
Conclusion: We demonstrated the differences between KAU students and HCPs at Tufts University regarding the HC-PAIRS questionnaire score, which revealed a higher mean score among our participants. This led us to conclude that KAU medical students hold negative attitudes and beliefs concerning the application of CLBP guidelines. In light of this, we recommend raising awareness about CLBP guidelines among the medical students and the society at large.
Protein Engineering Strategies for Improved Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Rondon Aurélie , Mahri Sohaib , Morales‐Yanez Francisco , Dumoulin Mireille , Vanbever Rita 
Published: June 2021

AbstractProtein therapeutics have gained momentum in recent years and become a pillar in treating many diseases and the only choice in several ailments. Protein therapeutics are highly specific, tunable, and less toxic than conventional small drug molecules. However, reaping the full benefits of therapeutic proteins in the clinics is often hindered by issues of immunogenicity and short half‐life due essentially to fast renal clearance and enzymatic degradation. Advances in polymer chemistry and protein engineering allowed overcoming some of these limitations. Strategies to prolong the half‐life of proteins rely on increasing their size and stability and/or fusing them to endogenous proteins (albumin, Fc fragment of antibody) to hijack physiological pathways involved in protein recycling. On the downside, these modifications might alter therapeutic proteins structure and function. Therefore, a compromise between half‐life and activity is sought. This review covers half‐life extension strategies using natural and synthetic polymers as well as fusion to other proteins and sheds light on genetic engineering strategies and chemical and enzymatic reactions to achieve this goal. Promising strategies and successful applications in the clinics are highlighted.
Direct Imaging of Chiral Domain Walls and Néel‐Type Skyrmionium in Ferrimagnetic Alloys
Authors: Seng Boris , Schönke Daniel , Yeste Javier , Reeve Robert M. , Kerber Nico , Lacour Daniel , Bello Jean‐Loïs , Bergeard Nicolas , Kammerbauer Fabian , Bhukta Mona , Ferté Tom , Boeglin Christine , Radu Florin , Abrudan Radu , Kachel Torsten , Mangin Stéphane , Hehn Michel , Kläui Mathias 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe evolution of chiral spin structures is studied in ferrimagnetic Ta/Ir/Fe/GdFeCo/Pt multilayers as a function of temperature using scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA). The GdFeCo ferrimagnet exhibits pure right‐handed Néel‐type domain wall (DW) spin textures over a large temperature range. This indicates the presence of a negative Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction that can originate from both the top Fe/Pt and the Co/Pt interfaces. From measurements of the DW width, as well as complementary magnetic characterization, the exchange stiffness as a function of temperature is ascertained. The exchange stiffness is surprisingly more or less constant, which is explained by theoretical predictions. Beyond single skyrmions, it is identified by direct imaging a pure Néel‐type skyrmionium, which due to the expected vanishing skyrmion Hall angle, is a promising topological spin structure to enable applications by next generation of spintronic devices.
Single step encapsulation process of ivermectin in biocompatible polymer using a supercritical antisolvent system process
Authors: Valarini Junior Osvaldo , Cardoso Flavia Aparecida Reitz , de Souza Guilherme Botelho Meireles , Machado Giufrida Willyan , Cardozo‐Filho Lucio 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper reports the production of ivermectin (IVM)‐encapsulated lecithin/poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles via supercritical antisolvent system (SAS). Of a total of nine formulations, experimental condition R7 containing 10% lecithin relative to polymer (PMMA) resulted in the smallest average experimental particle diameter (dexp), more stable surface charges and high IVM encapsulation efficiency (75.9 ± 2.5%). Nanoparticles were morphologically, thermally, and conformationally characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis/thermogravimetric derivative (TGA/DTG), and Fourier transform infrared–attenuated total reflectance (FTIR/ATR) techniques. In vitro release test showed that the drug has a controlled release of approximately 110 h. Peppas–Sahlin model (R2 = 0.99) was able to describe the diffusion of the drug correctly. Cytotoxicity analysis showed high compatibility of nanoparticles with epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages. Population balance equation was used to determine kinetic parameters from experimental data of average particle diameter. Synthesized nanoparticles showed high solution stability, good encapsulation capacity, and showed no adverse effects on cell viability, indicating their high potential as a new IVM carrier system for veterinary medicine and human applications.
Adopted children who kill their adoptive parents: An examination through the lens of attachment theory
Authors: Hubbell James T. , Heide Kathleen M. , Wagers Shelly M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAdoptive parricide, the killing of adoptive parents by their adoptive children, is a phenomenon that garners much media attention but remains elusive in the extant literature. Previous studies on adoptive parricide have largely consisted of clinical case studies with limited theoretical explanations. The current study uses Bowlby's attachment theory as a theoretical framework to explore adoptive parricide. A content analysis was conducted of news sources to obtain data on adoptive parricide cases. Hypotheses were generated per attachment theory in the context of Heide's (2013b) parricide offender typology. Early adoptees (n = 27) were compared to late adoptees (n = 29) using Fisher's exact tests. Early adoptees were more likely to kill multiple victims, kill for selfish motives, be overindulged by adoptive parents, and not have limits set and enforced by adoptive parents. Late adoptees were more likely to report having been abused by their adoptive parents. The results were not consistent with attachment theory. Implications for the adoption process and adoptive parenting practices are presented.
Application of deep learning in the detection of breast lesions with four different breast densities
Authors: Li Hongmei , Ye Jing , Liu Hao , Wang Yichuan , Shi Binbin , Chen Juan , Kong Aiping , Xu Qing , Cai Junhui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis retrospective study evaluated the model from populations with different breast densities and showed the model's performance on malignancy prediction.MethodsA total of 608 mammograms were collected from Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital in Yangzhou City. The data from this province have not been used in the training or evaluation data set.The model consists of three submodules, lesion detection (Mask‐rcnn), lesion registration between craniocaudal view and mediolateral oblique view, malignancy prediction network (ResNet). The data set used to train the model was obtained from nine institutions across six cities. For normal cases, there were no annotations. Here, we adopted the free‐response receiver operating characteristic (FROC) curve as the indicator to evaluate the detection performance of all cancers and triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). The FROC curves are also shown for mass/distortion/asymmetry and typical benign calcification in two kinds of populations with four types of breast density.ResultsThe sensitivity to mass/distortion/asymmetry for the four types of breast (A, B, C, D) are 0.94, 0.92, 0.89, and 0.72, respectively, when false positive per image is 0.25, while these values are 1.00, 0.95, 0.92, and 0.90, respectively, for the amorphous calcification lesions. The sensitivity for the cancer is 0.85 at the same false‐positive rate. The TNBC accounts for about 10%–20% of all breast cancers and is more aggressive with poor prognosis than other breast cancers. Herein, we also evaluated performance on the TNBC cases. Our results show that Yizhun AI could detect 75% TNBC lesions at the same false‐positive level mentioned above.ConclusionThe Yizhun AI model used in our work has good diagnostic efficiency for different types of breast, even for the extremely dense breast. It has a guiding role in the clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. The performance of Yizhun AI on mass/distortion/asymmetry is affected by breast density significantly compared to that on amorphous calcification.
The Role of Peripheral Amide Groups as Hydrogen‐Bonding Directors in the Tubular Self‐Assembly of Dinucleobase Monomers
Authors: Vázquez‐González Violeta , Mayoral María J. , Aparicio Fátima , Martínez‐Arjona Paula , González‐Rodríguez David 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNanotubes are a fascinating kind of self‐assembled structure which have a wide interest and potential in supramolecular chemistry. We demonstrated that nanotubes of defined dimensions can be produced from dinucleobase monomers through two decoupled hierarchical cooperative processes: cyclotetramerization and supramolecular polymerization. Here we analyze the role of peripheral amide groups, which can form an array of hydrogen bonds along the tube axis, on this self‐assembly process. A combination of 1H NMR and CD spectroscopy techniques allowed us to analyze quantitatively the thermodynamics of each of these two processes separately. We found out that the presence of these amide directors is essential to guide the polymerization event and that their nature and number have a strong influence, not only on the stabilization of the stacks of macrocycles, but also on the supramolecular polymerization mechanism.
Methods to Evaluate Near‐Infrared Photoinitiating Systems for Photopolymerisation Reactions Assisted By Upconversion Materials
Authors: Zou Xiucheng , Zhu Junzhe , Hu Peng , Liu Ren 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe photoinitiating systems of upconversion materials‐assisted photopolymerization (UCAP) lacks a systematic evaluation method, which significantly limits its applications of high‐performance and high‐precision materials. Herein, we demonstrate an operable evaluation system for photoinitiating systems selection from the aspects of spectral matching, initiation activity and polymerization ability, or as an instructed strategy for the novel initiation systems development in UCAP process. Ir‐784, Om‐819, Om‐TPO and ITX stand out from the analysis of quantitative initiation systems and have excellent initiation and polymerization performances. Notably, the exogenous heat from the UCAP induced by the NIR laser excellently improves the polymerization ability of the photoinitiating system and the mechanical properties of the final materials. The evaluation method integrated with digital and theoretical research will further extend the versatility of UCAP technology in chemistry “4.0” of developing digital‐based production technologies.