bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Spatial Discretization in Lyα Line Radiation Transfer Simulations
Authors: Camps Peter , Behrens Christoph , Baes Maarten , Kapoor Anand Utsav , Grand Robert 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We describe the addition of Lyα resonant line transfer to our dust continuum radiation transfer code SKIRT, verifying our implementation with published results for spherical problems and using some self-designed three-dimensional setups. We specifically test spatial discretization through various grid types, including hierarchical octree grids and unstructured Voronoi tessellations. We then use a radiation transfer postprocessing model for one of the spiral galaxies produced by the Auriga cosmological zoom simulations to investigate the effect of spatial discretization on the synthetic observations. We find that the calculated Lyα line profiles exhibit an extraordinarily strong dependence on the type and resolution of the spatial grid, rendering the results untrustworthy at best. We attribute this effect to the large gradients in the hydrogen density distribution over small distances, which remain significantly underresolved in the input model. We therefore argue that further research is needed to determine the required spatial resolution of a hydrodynamical simulation snapshot to enable meaningful Lyα line transfer postprocessing.
Star Formation Histories of Massive Red Spiral Galaxies in the Local Universe
Authors: Zhou Shuang , Li Cheng , Hao Cai-Na , Guo Rui , Mo Houjun , Xia Xiaoyang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We investigate the star formation histories (SFHs) of massive red spiral galaxies with stellar mass M
* > 1010.5
M
⊙, and make comparisons with blue spirals and red ellipticals of similar masses. We make use of the integral field spectroscopy from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV/DR15 MaNGA sample, and estimate spatially resolved SFHs and stellar population properties of each galaxy by applying a Bayesian spectral fitting code to the MaNGA spectra. We find that both red spirals and red ellipticals have experienced only one major star formation episode at early times, and the result is independent of the adopted SFH model. On average, more than half of their stellar masses were formed >10 Gyr ago, and more than 90% were formed >6 Gyr ago. The two types of galaxies show similarly flat profiles in a variety of stellar population parameters: old stellar ages indicated by D4000 (the spectral break at around 4000 Å), high stellar metallicities, large Mgb/Fe ratios indicating fast formation, and little stellar dust attenuation. In contrast, although blue spirals also formed their central regions >10 Gyr ago, both their central regions and outer disks continuously form stars over a long timescale. Our results imply that massive red spirals are likely to share some common processes of formation (and possibly quenching) with massive red ellipticals in the sense that both types were formed at z > 2 through a fast formation process. Possible mechanisms for the formation and quenching of massive red spirals are discussed.
Electron Heat Flux Instabilities in the Inner Heliosphere: Radial Distribution and Implication on the Evolution of the Electron Velocity Distribution Function
Authors: Sun Heyu , Zhao Jinsong , Liu Wen , Voitenko Yuriy , Pierrard Viviane , Shi Chen , Yao Yuhang , Xie Huasheng , Wu Dejin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This Letter investigates the electron heat flux instability using the radial models of the magnetic field and plasma parameters in the inner heliosphere. Our results show that both the electron acoustic wave and the oblique whistler wave are unstable in the regime with large relative drift speed (ΔV

e
) between electron beam and core populations. Landau-resonant interactions of electron acoustic waves increase the electron parallel temperature that would lead to suppressing the electron acoustic instability and amplifying the growth of oblique whistler waves. Therefore, we propose that the electron heat flux can effectively drive oblique whistler waves in an anisotropic electron velocity distribution function. This study also finds that lower-hybrid waves and oblique Alfvén waves can be triggered in the solar atmosphere, and that the former instability is much stronger than the latter. Moreover, we clarify that the excitation of lower-hybrid waves mainly results from the transit-time interaction of beaming electrons with resonant velocities v
∥ ∼ ω/k
∥, where ω and k
∥ are the wave frequency and parallel wavenumber, respectively. In addition, this study shows that the instability of quasi-parallel whistler waves can dominate the regime with medium ΔV

e
at the heliocentric distance nearly larger than 10 times of the solar radius.
The Hummingbird Collection of the Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP), Portugal
Authors: Lopes Ricardo , Faria Pedro , Gomes Daniela , Freitas Bárbara , Málinger Judit 
Published: July 2021

The Hummingbird (Family Trochilidae) Collection of the Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto (MHNC-UP) is one of the oldest collections of this family harboured in European museums. Almost 2,000 specimens, that encompass most of the taxonomic diversity of this family, were collected in the late 19thCentury. The collection is relevant due its antiquity and because all specimens were bought from the same provider, mainly as mounted specimens, for a Portuguese private collection of Neotropical fauna. In the early 20thCentury, it was donated to the Museum that is now the MHNC-UP.The information about the majority of these specimens is now available for consultation on the GBIF platform after curation of all specimens and digital cleaning of the associated metadata. In the process, hundreds of non-catalogued specimens were found and taxonomic and spatial information was updated for many of the specimens.
Possible benefits from greening of public transport stops in Sofia, Bulgaria
Authors: Bozhilova Mariam , Zhiyanski Miglena 
Published: July 2021

Public transport shelters provide an unused surface that can be utilized in various ways, including for unconventional landscaping. The benefits from greening of public transport shelters are insufficiently studied and unutilized. The article evaluates some of the benefits which may result from the construction of green public transport shelters in the central part of Sofia.
There are a total of 2780 aboveground public transport stops in Sofia. In the surveyed area are located 257 stops, 150 of which currently have shelters. The potential of greened shelters to remove PM10 and CO2 from the ambient air is estimated for several different scenarios. If 250 public transport shelters are entirely greened (roof and 3 walls) with Festuca sp., the removed PM10 will be about 20 kg/yr, or 0.01% of the yearly emissions of PM10 from transport in the surveyed area. The sequestered CO2 will be 17047.3 kg /yr., or approximately the CO2 emitted by 40 diesel cars with an average daily mileage of 10 km per day for a year. The reduction of PM10 and CO2 is not significant, however, in a big city with intensive construction and a constantly increasing population, every possibility for greening needs to be explored. Green stops may be used in combination with other measures. Proper selection of plant species and design solutions maximizing the green surface will increase the benefits.
Hors normes ?
Authors: Desbois Henri , Gervais-Lambony Philippe , Lazzarotti Olivier 
Published: July 2021

Dans le légitime souci de consolider leur portée « scientifique », les revues de sciences sociales, les Annales de Géographie parmi d’autres, ont établi des protocoles de publication : double lecture en aveugle, grilles d’évaluation, etc. Ces démarches ont produit leurs effets : assurer le lectorat de la scientificité de la revue, lui faciliter la lecture et, ainsi, encourage la diffusion des résultats. Le sens de ce numéro n’est pas de faire la critique radicale de ces méthodes mais de souligner que, à l’occasion, des écritures rhétoriquement académiques peuvent aussi enfermer les sciences sociales et, ce faisant, les priver de possibilités expressives capables, elles aussi, de rendre compte du fonctionnement et des dynamiques des hommes et des femmes vivant en société.
Écrire des vies en veille. Retour sur une méthode de création poétique auprès des gardiens de Nairobi
Authors: Lanne Jean-Baptiste 
Published: July 2021

Cet article propose un retour critique sur une méthode de terrain faisant usage de l’écriture poétique comme moyen d’accompagner à la parole des personnes peu à l’aise vis-à-vis du récit de soi. Cette expérimentation a notamment été conduite auprès des gardiens de sécurité privée de Nairobi (Kenya), des individus en situation d’isolement au travail et soumis à de fortes logiques de domination. Ces « veilleurs » de la ville apparaissent particulièrement vulnérables face aux attendus implicites de la mise en récit de soi (être en capacité de dire « je », se projeter dans un temps linéaire et progressif, donner du sens aux différents espaces parcourus). Le recours à une langue poétique permet une expression à la fois plus fluide et moins douloureuse, à condition de se montrer particulièrement attentif aux conditions concrètes de son écriture. Ainsi, ce texte revient sur les enjeux d’une création à quatre mains lors des ateliers, de la matérialité de l’écriture, de la constitution d’un « espace à soi » ; autant d’éléments qui, tenus ensemble permettent d’accompagner avec justesse à la parole. Parallèlement, il interroge les conditions d’accueil de ces productions poétiques au sein de nos propres textes en sciences sociales. L’articulation écriture poétique – écriture scientifique, loin de constituer une impasse, permet au contraire de réinsérer une certaine précarité dans nos formes textuelles, nécessaire à la crédibilité de nos discours.
Du carnet de terrain à la littérature : « copeaux géographiques » et cheminements d’écritures
Authors: Troin Jean-François 
Published: July 2021

À partir des carnets de terrain qui recèlent bien plus que des notations scientifiques, le géographe dispose de « copeaux » non utilisés qui peuvent donner lieu à des écritures diverses : anecdotes, réflexions personnelles, commentaires de croquis oubliés, rédaction d’une fiction romanesque. Il peut même retrouver des chansons typiques de sa période estudiantine et les faire connaître. Carnet de terrain, carnet de voyage, journal personnel contiennent des éléments lyriques et spontanés aptes à se transformer en écriture littéraire. La pratique de la frappe numérique, normée, nous prive quelque peu de ces matériaux instantanés, de première main, rassemblés sur le vif. Mais elle permet d’un autre côté l’accès immédiat à une information complémentaire précieuse lors de la rédaction. Quelle que soit la forme adoptée pour « fabriquer » de la géographie, l’essentiel est de communiquer au lecteur un aspect créatif, sérieux en même temps que joyeux de notre discipline.
La part d’autrui dans la conduite de l’ enquête : le cas de l’activité de création d’un artiste-plasticien
Authors: Thievenaz Joris , Thélin-Metello Caroline 
Published: July 2021

A l’encontre d’une conception qui réduit la démarche d’enquête au terrain de l’activité scientifique, cette contribution en adopte une définition anthropologique (Dewey, 1938) pour interroger le rôle qu’y jouent les tiers. C’est ainsi que, sur le terrain de la création artistique, il est possible d’observer combien les proches de l’artiste viennent influencer les expérimentations réalisées par le créateur dans sa quête « de la forme qui convient ». L’étude de cas présentée dans cet article est ainsi une nouvelle occasion d’explorer les possibles ouverts par cette théorie de l’expérience de John Dewey dans une perspective d’analyse du travail en lien avec les questions de formation.
Les ateliers d’écriture et d’échange sur l’activité comme moyen d’analyse du travail et d’accès aux dimensions cachées du travail
Authors: Champy-Remoussenard Patricia 
Published: July 2021

Cet article est consacré à la méthode des ateliers d’écriture et d’échange sur l’activité créée par l’auteur. Depuis de nombreuses années, cette démarche fondée sur la sollicitation d’un récit écrit de l’activité professionnelle, lu et commenté au sein de groupes d’échanges. La méthode a été utilisée à la fois à des fins de formation et de recherche. L’analyse porte sur la mise en mots de l’activité professionnelle comme mode d’accès à la connaissance du du travail « réel » et comme modalité d’accès aux dimensions les plus opaques ou dissimulées du travail appelée ici « dimensions cachées ». Après avoir décrit la démarche et ses origines et l’avoir située du points de vue de ses enjeux sociaux et épistémologiques, l’article montre quels ses apports actuels à la recherche en analyse de l’activité et en sciences de l’éducation et à quelles conditions elle rend possible une mise en mots de l’activité.
MicroRNA-10a Negatively Regulates CD4+ T Cell IL-10 Production through Suppression of Blimp1
Authors: Yang Wenjing , Chen Liang , Xu Leiqi , Bilotta Anthony J , Yao Suxia , Liu Zhanju , Cong Yingzi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An uncontrolled CD4+ T cell response is a critical hallmark of autoimmune diseases. IL-10, which can be produced by both effector and regulatory CD4+ T cells, plays an essential role in the inhibition of autoimmunity. MicroRNAs are key molecules involved in regulating immune responses. However, how miR-10a regulates CD4+ T cell function in the pathogenesis of intestinal immune responses is not fully understood. In this study, we show that the mice with deficient miR-10a in CD4+ T cells were more resistant to intestinal inflammation upon inflammatory insult. miR-10a–deficient CD4+CD45Rbhi T cells were less colitogenic in Rag−/− mice, in which CD4+ T cell production of IL-10 was increased. miR-10a–deficient CD4+ T cells expressed a higher expression of IL-10 in vitro. Blocking the IL-10/IL-10R pathway in vivo aggravated colitis induced by miR-10a–deficient CD4+CD45Rbhi T cells. Mechanically, miR-10a suppressed CD4+ T cell production of IL-10 through targeting Prdm1, which encodes Blimp1. We further show that that CD4+ T cells lacking Blimp1 produced lower levels of IL-10 and induced more severe colitis in Rag−/− mice. These data thus establish the role of miR-10a in the inhibition of IL-10 production in CD4+ T cells to regulate intestinal homeostasis.
Predictors of in-hospital mortality by logistic regression analysis among melioidosis patients in Northern Malaysia
Authors: Mardhiah Kamaruddin , Wan-Arfah Nadiah , Naing Nyi Nyi , Hassan Muhammad Radzi Abu , Chan Huan-Keat 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
To identify the predictors of mortality among in-hospital melioidosis patients.

Methods:
A total of 453 patients in Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah, and Hospital Tuanku Fauziah, Perlis with culture-confirmed melioidosis were retrospectively included in the study. Advanced multiple logistic regression was used to obtain the final model of predictors of mortality from melioidosis. The analysis was performed using STATA/SE 14.0.

Results:
A total of 50.11% (227/453) of the patients died at the hospital, and a majority (86.75%, 393/453) of cases were bacteremic. The logistic regression estimated that the bacteremic type of melioidosis, low platelet count, abnormal white blood cell counts, and increased urea value were predictors of mortality. The results showed that bacteremic melioidosis increased the risk of death by 4.39 times (OR 4.39, 95% CI 1.83-10.55, P=0.001) compared to non-bacteremic melioidosis. Based on laboratory test, the adjusted ORs from the final model showed that all three blood investigations were included as the associated factors of mortality for the disease [high white blood cell (>10×109/L): OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.41-4.17, P<0.001; low white blood cell (<4×109/L): OR 3.82, 95% CI 1.09-13.34, P=0.036; low platelet (<100×109/L): OR 4.19, 95% CI 1.89-9.30, P<0.001; high urea (>7 800 μmol/L): OR 5.53, 95% CI 2.50-12.30, P<0.001; and low level of urea (<2 500 μmol/L): OR 3.52, 95% CI 1.71-7.23, P=0.001).

Conclusions:
Routine blood investigations during a hospital admission can early identify predictors of mortality in melioidosis patients.
A Study on Impact of Corona Virus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Activities of Daily Living, Play, and Sensory Behaviors of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Nithya G Daris , Damodaran V , Mythili V 
Published: July 2021

Background:
New Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a greater influence on all of us and has changed many of our everyday routines. Adjusting to a new routine is stressful for everyone, but especially for children with Autism who have difficulty with change, it is more stressful. As, insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, and ritualistic patterns are the core features of autism, environmental changes, home confinement, disrupted daily routines, restricted access to schools, therapy centers during this pandemic will have a unique impact on children with Autism and their families.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to systematically assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on activities of daily living (ADL), play, and sensory behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Study Design:
Cross-sectional survey study was conducted.

Methods:
Convenient sampling method was used. The study sample consisted of 100 parents/primary caregivers of children with Autism. A structured ADL, play, sensory behavior questionnaire (45 items) was designed, validated, and administered through face to face and telephonic interviews. The duration of the study was 1 month.

Results:
Substantial proportion of the parents (69%) reported inconsistent daily routines and inconsistent sleep routines (67%) since the COVID-19 pandemic. Eighty-three percent of ASD children spend more time on mobile phones and televisions than interactive play. Home confinement during this pandemic resulted in lower physical activity was mentioned by 69% of ASD parents and 70% mentioned the increased social withdrawal of ASD. Many parents reported increased intensity of vestibular-proprioceptive seeking (75%), other sensory behaviors during this COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion:
The study analysis suggests that COVID-19 pandemic has a major impact on children with ASD on their ADL, play, and sensory behaviors. Ninety nine percent of our study respondents were not able to access therapy centers, and other intervention facilities during this pandemic. Lack of access to these structured environments during this pandemic could have contributed to the worsening of ASD children's behaviors. So, this study stress, access to the health care services that serve ASD children, especially occupational therapy, needs to be considered essential and remain available during these kinds of pandemics with universal precautions and/or via alternative modes of delivery, i.e. tele-consultation.
Predictors of Clinical Relapse in Patients with New-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Wu Hao , Tian Delin , Cai Hao , Gong Renjie , Kun Kaixiao , Xu Can-Xia 
Published: July 2021

Background and Aims:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) usually follows a pattern of more or less frequent relapses of alterable duration, interspersed with periods of remission. Various clinical predictors have been broadly studied, but the research study populations reported are mostly from Western countries.

Methods:
From January 2013 to December 2018, 106 new-onset Crohn's disease (CD) patients and 76 new-onset ulcerative colitis (UC) patients were followed up for a median of 12 months or until relapse. The predictors of clinical relapse were analyzed according to demographic, clinical, histological, endoscopic, and imaging variables.

Results:
In multivariate analysis, predictors of relapse were age of onset <35 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.236; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.252–22.222; P = 0.023) in CD patients and poor medication adherence (HR = 2.070; 95% CI 1.018–4.202; P = 0.044) in UC patients.

Conclusion:
Younger age of onset and poor medication adherence increases the risk of clinical relapse in CD and UC, respectively.
Clinical Characteristics and Management Practice among Patients Diagnosed with Atrial Ibrillation in Benghazi Libya, A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Elkadiki Abdelhadi H. , Ali Mohammed A. , Alsaeiti Khaled D. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
There are no data so far regarding the frequency and outcome of the different types of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the clinical setting for Libyan patients. Furthermore, it is unknown whether the actual clinical management and therapy of AF in Libya conform to the international guidelines. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, demographic, and clinical characteristics of AF patients.

Patients and Methods:
Three hundred patients attending the outpatient clinic and cardiology department at Benghazi Medical Center and National Cardiac Center between May 2020 and October 2020 were included. Patients' data were obtained through medical records using the chart review. Patients were categorized into a clinical type of AF, based on the physician's perception of the AF at the time of presentation.

Results:
Three hundred patients with an established diagnosis of AF were enrolled, including 210 (70%) females and 90 (30%) males. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 49.5 ± 21.5 years, with an age range of 29–79 years. Of them 139 (46.3%) were diagnosed as permanent AF, 132 (44%) paroxysmal AF, while new-onset AF was diagnosed in 29 (9.7%). The three clinical categories of AF were enrolled under the care of both cardiologists and internal medicine physicians, but permanent AF patients were more often enrolled under the care of a cardiologist. Patients with permanent AF were older compared with those with paroxysmal subtype (61.8 ± 9 and 50.1 ± 12, respectively), with significant female predominance (P = 0.03), and more often had coronary artery disease (CAD), valvular heart disease, and a previous stroke/TIA (P = 0.01, P = 0.124, and P = 0.002, respectively). Diabetes was the most prevalent associated medical condition, followed by hypertension and hyperlipidemia. CAD was diagnosed among 122 patients. Of permanent AF patients, 28 patients (20.1%) previously suffered from a stroke, mostly TIA, in contrast to 14 patients (10.6%) of the other AF patients.

Conclusion:
Our AF patients were characterized by an unfavorable cardiovascular risk profile. We recognize a lower rate of oral anticoagulation prescription, which needs further evaluation.
Performance Evaluation of Seven Commercial Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays for SARS-COV-2 Detection
Authors: ElJilani Mouna Mohamed , Abdusalam Mohamed , Abdalla Adel , Dalyoum Tarek , Ahmad Salah , Alhudiri Inas , Elzagheid Adam 
Published: July 2021

Background
/

Aim:
Since the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) pandemic in Wuhan, China, several efforts are being focused on the development of fast and reliable diagnostic molecular tests. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based assay on respiratory specimens was recommended by the World Health Organization as the gold standard for early diagnosis of infection spread. Our study aimed to compare the analytical performance of seven commercially available RT-PCR assays.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 33 nasopharyngeal swabs were analyzed by: Da An, PerkinElmer, Norgen, Prestige, PhoenixDX, Bio-Speedy, and Xpert Xpress RT-PCR assays. Sensitivity and detection rates of SARS-COV-2 target genes were analyzed.

Results:
Da An and Xpert Xpress assays showed the highest detection rate and percentage for SARS-COV-2 target genes; (16/33) 48.5%, followed by PerkinElmer and Norgen kits (13/33) 39.4%, (10/33) 30.3%, respectively. However, Prestige, PhoenixDx, and Bio-speedy displayed the same performance (6/33) 18.2%.

Conclusion:
The analyzed assays showed inconsistent analytical performance. Overall, findings reported in our study may not be applicable to other RT-PCR assays or thermocyclers; analytical sensitivities and positive-negative cut-off values should be locally validated.