bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of the Corvis Biomechanical Factor with tomographic parameters in keratoconus
Authors: Flockerzi Elias , Vinciguerra Riccardo , Belin Michael Wellington , Vinciguerra Paolo , Ambrósio Renato , Seitz Berthold 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To investigate the relationship between corneal biomechanics and keratoconus (KC) severity as described by tomographic parameters.

Setting:
University-based German ophthalmology department.

Design:
Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Methods:
A total of 448 KC corneas of the Homburg Keratoconus Center and 112 healthy corneas (448+112 patients) were examined by Pentacam high-resolution and Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Pentacam HR and Corvis ST). The KC population included a wide spectrum of disease severity based on Belin's ABCD classification. Linear regression analysis was performed between the linear term of the Corvis Biomechanical Index (CBI) (CBI beta) and the tomographic values anterior radius of curvature (ARC), posterior radius of curvature (PRC), and thinnest corneal thickness (TCT). A linear transformation of the CBI beta was performed to provide an intuitive scaling, which was referred to as the Corvis Biomechanical Factor (CBiF = −0.24294226 × CBI beta + 6.02). This scaling adjusted the CBI beta to the same scale as posterior corneal curvature (PRC).

Results:
There was a high correlation of the CBI beta and its modification, the CBiF, with TCT (Pearson, r = −0.775), ARC (r = −0.835), and PRC (r = −0.839) in the KC population (P < .001). In the control corneas, the correlation between the CBI beta and ARC was weak (r = −0.216, P = .022), not significant (PRC, r = −0.146, P = .125), or moderate (TCT, r = −0.628, P < .001).

Conclusions:
The linear term of the CBI was highly associated with KC severity as defined by corneal tomography. The CBiF represents a new scale based on biomechanical characteristics in KC, which could serve as a basis for a biomechanical KC classification in the future.
Comparison of refractive and visual outcomes of 3 presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses
Authors: Ferreira Tiago B. , Ribeiro Filomena J. , Silva Diana , Matos Ana Cláudia , Gaspar Sylvia , Almeida Soraia 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes after cataract surgery with implantation of 3 types of trifocal diffractive intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Setting:
Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal.

Design:
Prospective comparative case series.

Methods:
Patients undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery with implantation of 1 of the 3 trifocal IOLs were enrolled: TECNIS Synergy (Synergy group, 30 patients), Acrysof PanOptix (PanOptix group, 30 patients), and POD F (Finevision group, 30 patients). The outcomes of distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity (VA), refraction, defocus curve, photic phenomena, and spectacle independence were evaluated at the 3-month follow-up.

Results:
180 eyes of 90 patients were enrolled. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in monocular distance-corrected intermediate (Synergy group 0.04 ± 0.11, PanOptix group 0.05 ± 0.09, and Finevision group 0.08 ± 0.10; P = .107) and near VA (0.01 ± 0.08, 0.01 ± 0.06, and 0.04 ± 0.10, respectively; P = .186). Similarly, no statistically significant differences among groups were found in binocular uncorrected distance (P = .572), near (P = .929), and intermediate VA (P = .327). By contrast, statistically significant differences between groups were found in the visual acuity for the vergence demands of −0.50, −1.00, −2.00, −3.50, and −4.00 diopters (P ≤ .045). No statistically significant differences among groups were found in the frequency, severity, and bothersomeness of different disturbing visual symptoms, including glare and halos (P ≥ .129). More than 87 (96%) of patients in all groups did not require the use of spectacles at any distance postoperatively.

Conclusions:
The 3 trifocal IOLs evaluated provided an effective visual rehabilitation with minimal incidence of photic phenomena. A trend to obtain a wider range of functional focus was observed with the TECNIS Synergy IOL.
A Novel Nomogram for Predicting Poor 6-Month Function in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Receiving Thrombolysis
Authors: Huang Lihong , Li Feng , Huang Cheng , Luo Yetao , Liu Guangwei 
Published: July 2021

Background
Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) receiving thrombolysis with good function at discharge are usually ignored. Their functional deterioration after discharge not only compromises the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy but also reduces their long-term quality of life, which is not conducive to the advancement of medical healthcare and continuing care.

Objective
The aims of this study were to explore the risk factors for poor 6-month function in patients with AIS receiving thrombolysis with good function at discharge and construct a novel nomogram model.

Methods
This case-control study retrospectively analyzed the medical data of 149 patients with AIS receiving thrombolysis with good function at discharge from January 2017 to June 2019. Patients were divided into a poor function group (<3 points) and a good function group (≥3 points) according to their modified Rankin Scale scores at 6 months. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for poor 6-month function. A novel nomogram prediction model for poor 6-month function was constructed, and its prediction performance and concordance were evaluated.

Results
Of 149 patients, 21 (14%) had poor 6-month function and 128 (86%) had good 6-month function. Multivariate regression analysis showed that physical inactivity, neutrophil count, cerebral small vessel disease score, and hospitalization days were independent risk factors for poor 6-month function. A regression model was established according to the multivariate analysis, and the area under the curve was 0.9363. The accuracy was 71.99%, the sensitivity was 78.83%, and the specificity was 70.26%. A nomogram model was constructed, and its concordance index was 0.836 after internal validation.

Conclusion
The novel nomogram model facilitates risk prediction of poor 6-month function in patients with AIS receiving thrombolysis with good function at discharge and is helpful for making discharge plans.
Pediatric Surgery Rounding Checklists
Authors: Bawany Fatima , Bayer Nathaniel D. , Foito Theresa , Gleason Cassandra L. , Michels Julie A. , Philip Sherry S. , Pulhamus Marsha , Wakeman Derek S. , Schriefer Jan 
Published: July 2021

Background
Inpatient surgical teams are challenged with treating complex patients, communicating across disciplines, educating trainees, and transitioning between the operating room, clinic, and inpatient unit. Systematic approaches to rounds are needed to perform these tasks effectively. Prior studies on nonsurgical units have shown that rounding checklists improve patient safety and trainee education. However, few studies have investigated the utility of checklists on surgical rounds.

Objective
The purpose of this article is to synthesize the evidence regarding rounding checklists on inpatient surgical units, with a focus on structure, content, utilization, outcomes, and educational value.

Methods
A narrative review was completed after a search of PubMed, Embase, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature in November 2020 using the following index terms and keywords: pediatrics, operative surgical procedures, surgery, perioperative period, teaching rounds, rounds, checklist, rounding tool, and rounding list.

Results
We identified 11 relevant studies. Six were conducted on inpatient surgical units (54%), and five were conducted on medicine or critical care units (46%). The structure and content of checklists were varied, with most integrating subjective and objective findings. These studies show that rounding checklists improve the organization and completeness of rounds, interdisciplinary communication, documentation, adverse event rates, and educational opportunities. However, they also increase rounding time and require reinforcement for sustained compliance.

Conclusions
The existing literature suggests rounding checklists can help create a culture of safety in which every team member, from nurse to attending, actively participates in improving patient care. We provide strategies to develop rounding checklists for pediatric surgical units.
Current approaches to reporting pharyngo-laryngeal secretions
Authors: Miles Anna , Hunting Alex , Fletcher Hannah , Allen Jacqueline E. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of review
Accumulated secretions in the pharynx and larynx are associated with dysphagia, aspiration and pneumonia, as well as increased social, health and economic burden. This article reviews developments in the instrumental reporting of pharyngo-laryngeal secretions over the last 2 years.

Recent findings
Although the healthy pharynx and larynx is moist, accumulation of secretions is indicative of abnormality. Using standardized secretion scales allows early identification, quantification of risk in patients, and sensitive monitoring of patients over time. Nonstandardized and subjective secretion reporting is common in recently published research despite the validation of a number of publicly available tools. Research characterizing accumulated secretions has contributed to our understanding of pathophysiology associated with poor secretion management and may inform future treatment studies.

Summary
Routine and standardized reporting of secretions is critical for patient assessment and should be reported in the most standardized way possible. Further research investigating the clinical relevance and treatment of accumulated secretions relies on quantitative pharyngolaryngeal secretions reporting.
The Perceived Knowledge of Fall Prevention in Nurses Working in Acute Care Hospitals in China and the United States
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhang Li , Roe Elizabeth , Decker Sally , Howard Gwen , Luth Angela , Marks Kristine , Whitman Brenda 
Published: July 2021

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate the perceived knowledge of fall prevention in nurses working in hospitals in China and the United States.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey with 17 items was used to measure perceived knowledge of fall prevention of nurses working in hospitals in China and the United States.

Results
A total of 1442 nurses at 2 hospitals completed the survey in China (90% return rate), and 260 nurses in 2 hospitals in the United States (42% return rate) for a total sample size of 1702. Six items had means less than 4, indicating less familiarity with these factors. These items included assessment of vertigo and vestibular dysfunction, vision, foot problems, balance and activity, cognitive changes, and medications. In both countries, there was a difference in 2 units worked, with those working in maternal-child having a lower perception of knowledge of fall prevention than those employed on medical-surgical units. Of the 17 items, 11 were significantly different between China and the United States, all with the United States having higher perceived knowledge.

Conclusions
For both the United States and China, the perception of knowledge of fall prevention was high. However, nurses from both countries were less familiar with the items not commonly included on fall risk tools, such as vertigo and vestibular dysfunction, vision, foot problems, balance, and cognitive changes. The findings have implications for practice and education and suggest a need to include important factors related to falls in education and intervention in both countries.
Development of 2 Short Patient-Report Questionnaires of Patient Safety in Primary Care
Authors: Mounce Luke T.A. , Salema Nde-Eshimuni , Gangannagaripalli Jaheeda , Ricci-Cabello Ignacio , Avery Anthony J. , Kadam Umesh T. , Valderas José M. 
Published: July 2021

Objectives
The Patient Reported Experiences and Outcomes of Safety in Primary Care (PREOS-PC) is a valid and reliable instrument (61 items across 5 domains) of patients’ perceptions of safety. Stakeholder feedback has supported shorter versions for improving choice and facilitating uptake of routine patient-centered evaluation. We sought to develop 2 shorter versions of PREOS-PC: one including the shortest possible scales that met established measurement performance standards and a screening version including a single item per domain.

Methods
A total of 1244 patients from 45 general practices across England completed PREOS-PC questionnaires. All scale items in PREOS-PC underwent Item Response Theory analysis, applying standard criteria for the item reduction. Cognitive debriefing from 10 patient interviews allowed for the assessment of the instruments’ readability. The instruments’ psychometrics properties were reassessed in a validation sample of 1557 patients in 21 English general practices.

Results
“PREOS-PC Compact” includes 25 items and 2 open-ended questions across the 5 domains, 44% of the length of the original instrument. “PREOS-PC Screen” consists of 6 items: the best-performing single items for 2 domains, 1 item modified from original items for each of the remaining 3 domains, and 1 open-ended question. The evaluation of the instruments confirmed they were acceptable to patients and met standards for readability; construct, convergent, and divergent validity; and reliability.

Conclusions
PREOS-PC Compact meets high-performance standards while reducing patient burden for routine monitoring of patient safety in primary care. PREOS-PC Screen is a concise tool apt for incorporation into audits and to target more in-depth review as needed.
1.5 vs 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Schick Fritz , Pieper Claus Christian , Kupczyk Patrick , Almansour Haidara , Keller Gabriel , Springer Fabian , Mürtz Petra , Endler Christoph , Sprinkart Alois M. , Kaufmann Sascha , Herrmann Judith , Attenberger Ulrike I. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems with a field strength of 3 T have been offered by all leading manufacturers for approximately 2 decades and are increasingly used in clinical diagnostics despite higher costs. Technologically, MRI systems operating at 3 T have reached a high standard in recent years, as well as the 1.5-T devices that have been in use for a longer time. For modern MRI systems with 3 T, more complexity is required, especially for the magnet and the radiofrequency (RF) system (with multichannel transmission). Many clinical applications benefit greatly from the higher field strength due to the higher signal yield (eg, imaging of the brain or extremities), but there are also applications where the disadvantages of 3 T might outweigh the advantages (eg, lung imaging or examinations in the presence of implants). This review describes some technical features of modern 1.5-T and 3-T whole-body MRI systems, and reports on the experience of using both types of devices in different clinical settings, with all sections written by specialist radiologists in the respective fields.
This first part of the review includes an overview of the general physicotechnical aspects of both field strengths and elaborates the special conditions of diffusion imaging. Many relevant aspects in the application areas of musculoskeletal imaging, abdominal imaging, and prostate diagnostics are discussed.
Pseudoroseicyclus tamaricis sp. nov., isolated from seashore sediment of a Tamarix chinensis forest and emended descriptions of the genus Pseudoroseicyclus Park et al. 2016
Authors: Gai Yingbao , Yang Yongpeng , Liu Xiupian , Li Guangyu , Wang Shanshan , Lai Qiliang , Shao Zongze 
Published: July 2021

An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, bacterium, designated CLL3-39T was isolated from seashore sediment collected at a Tamarix chinensis forest in the Marine Ecology Special Reserve of Changyi, Shandong Province, PR China. Cells of strain CLL3-39T were olive-shaped and no flagellum was observed. Strain CLL3-39T grew optimally at 33 °C, pH 7.5 and salinity (sea salts) of 40 g l−1. The main fatty acids in the cell membrane of strain CLL3-39T comprised anteiso-C15 : 0 (22.3 %), iso-C15 : 0 (14.0 %), C16 : 0 (9.2 %) and summed feature 8 (contains C18 : 1
ω7c/C18 : 1
ω6c. 26. 7 %). The main polar lipids of CLL3-39T were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. The respiratory quinone was Q10. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain CLL3-39T was 69.6 mol%. The average nucleotide identity between CLL3-39T and

Pseudoroseicyclus aestuarii

DB-4T was 74.7 % and the in silico DNA–DNA hybridization value was 20.1 %. Phylogenetically, strain CLL3-39T belonged to the genus

Pseudoroseicyclus

, branching with only one type strain

P. aestuarii

DB-4T with 96.3 % 16S rRNA gene similarity, followed by

Limimaricola cinnabarinus

LL-001T (95.2 %). Based on its phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, we propose strain CLL3-39T (=MCCC 1A14815T
=KCTC 72665T) as a representative of a novel species in the genus

Pseudoroseicyclus

, for which the name Pseudoroseicyclus tamaricis sp. nov. is proposed.
COVID-19 Associated Hepatitis in Children (CAH-C) during the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Central India: Is it a complication or transient phenomenon
Authors: Ratho Radha Kanta , Asati Ajit Anand , Mishra Nitu , Jain Ashish , Rawat Sumit Kumar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveWhile pediatric population has largely remained free of severe COVID-19, in some cases SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with complications like Multiple Inflammatory Syndrome in children (MIS-C). We mention another unique presentation subsequent to asymptomatic infection of SARS-CoV-2, a unique form of hepatitis designated by us as COVID-19 Associated Hepatitis in Children (CAH-C). The contrasting clinical presentations, temporal association and viral parameters of CAH-C cases, to the MIS-C cases are presented here.MethodsAs a retrospective and follow-up observational study we reviewed all children testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 during study period. Children presenting with “sudden onset of hepatitis, elevated transaminases, non-obstructive jaundice, lacking marked inflammatory responses and without evidence of (a) other known causes of acute hepatitis or previous underlying liver disease (b) multi-system involvement” were classified as CAH-C, are described here.ResultsAmong 475 children tested positive, 47 patients presented with hepatitis, 37 patients had features of CAH-C, having symptoms of hepatitis only, with un-elevated inflammatory markers and uneventful recovery following supportive treatment. Whereas remaining 10 MIS-C hepatitis had protracted illness, multiple system involvement, required admission to critical care, and had mortality of 30%.ConclusionWith the emergence of newer variants of concern (VOC) including the Delta variant which predominated the second wave of infections in India and has now spread to more than 142 countries with changing presentations, CAH-C might be one of them. Cases of such new entities need to be identified early and differentiated from other emerging syndromes in children during the ongoing pandemic for preventing adversities by timely intervention.Conflicts of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the study or its findings. All authors have contributed to the conceptualization and manuscript writing of the study, the final version is approved by all the authors. We declare there are no competing interests involved among the authors.Funding and ethics approvalCurrent research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. The follow-up and analysis work was performed after obtaining due approval of human ethics committee of the institution (Ref no. IEC/BMC/80/21).
The Economic Costs of Child Maltreatment in UK
Authors: Conti Gabriella , Pizzo Elena , Morris Stephen , Melnychuk Mariya 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChild maltreatment is a major public health problem with significant consequences for individual victims and for society. In this paper we quantify for the first time the economic costs of fatal and non-fatal child maltreatment in the UK in relation to several short-, medium- and long-term outcomes ranging from physical and mental health problems, to labour market outcomes and welfare use. We combine novel regression analysis of rich data from the National Child Development Study and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing with secondary evidence to produce an incidence-based estimate of the lifetime costs of child maltreatment from a societal perspective. The discounted average lifetime incidence cost of non-fatal child maltreatment by a primary caregiver is estimated at £89,390 (95% uncertainty interval £44,896 to £145,508); the largest contributors to this are costs from social care, short-term health and long-term labour market outcomes. The discounted lifetime cost per death from child maltreatment is estimated at £940,758, comprising health care and lost productivity costs. Our estimates provide the first comprehensive benchmark to quantify the costs of child maltreatment in the UK and the benefits of interventions aimed at reducing or preventing it.
Doxycycline is a safe alternative to Hydroxychloroquine + Azithromycin to prevent clinical worsening and hospitalization in mild COVID-19 patients: An open label randomized clinical trial (DOXYCOV)
Authors: Sobngwi Eugene , Zemsi Sylvain , Guewo-Fokeng Magellan , Katte Jean-Claude , Kounfack Charles , Mfeukeu-Kuate Liliane , Zemsi Armel , Wasnyo Yves , Ntsama Antoinette Assiga , Ndi-Manga Arnaud , Sobngwi-Tambekou Joelle , Ngatchou William , Omgba Charlotte Moussi , Mbanya Jean Claude , Zogo Pierre Ongolo , Fouda Pierre Joseph 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of a doxycycline-based regimen against the national standard guidelines (Hydroxychloroquine plus Azithromycin) for the treatment of mild symptomatic COVID-19.MethodsWe conducted an open-label, randomized, non-inferiority trial, in Cameroon comparing Doxycycline 100mg, twice daily for 7 days versus Hydroxychloroquine, 400 mg daily for 5 days and Azithromycin 500mg at day 1 and 250mg from day 2 through 5, in mild COVID-19 patients. Clinical improvement, biological parameters and adverse events were assessed. The primary outcome was the proportion of clinical cure at day 3, 10 and 30. Non-inferiority was determined by the clinical cure rate between protocols with a 20 percentage points margin.Results194 participants underwent randomization and were treated with Doxycycline (n=97) or Hydroxychloroquine-Azithromycin (n=97). At day 3, 74/92 (80.4%) participants on Doxycycline versus 77/95 (81.1%) on Hydroxychloroquine-Azithromycin -based protocols were asymptomatic (p=0.91). At day 10, 88/92 (95.7%) participants on Doxycycline versus 93/95 (97.9%) on Hydroxychloroquine-Azithromycin were asymptomatic (p=0.44). At day 30 all participants were asymptomatic. SARS-CoV2 PCR was negative at Day 10 in 60/92 (65.2%) participants allocated to Doxycycline and 63/95 (66.3%) participants allocated to Hydroxychloroquine-Azithromycin. None of the participants were admitted for worsening of the disease after treatment initiation.ConclusionDoxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7 days is as effective and safe as Hydroxychloroquine-Azithromycin, for preventing clinical worsening of mild symptomatic or asymptomatic COVID-19, and achieving virological suppression.Strengths and Limitations➢This study is one of the first randomized trial, assessing the efficacy and tolerance of Doxycycline to treat COVID-19➢It is one of the first to evaluate disease progression and need to hospitalization in mild or asymptomatic COVID-19➢Patients will not receive identical treatments➢Doxycycline has advantages in terms of availability, safety and cost compared to Hydroxychloroquine and Azytromycin➢Though this study has encounter 7 lost to follow-up, this does not have a major influence on our results➢These data will assist clinicians in their daily practice, and provide a new tool for the fight against COVID-19