bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanofibrillar Collagen Scaffold Enhances Edema Reduction and Formation of New Lymphatic Collectors after Lymphedema Surgery
Authors: Nguyen Dung H. , Zhou Anna , Posternak Victoria , Rochlin Danielle H. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Treatment of secondary lymphedema remains challenging, with suboptimal rates of edema reduction following physiologic procedures (i.e., lymphaticovenous anastomosis and vascularized lymph node transfer). The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of a nanofibrillar collagen scaffold on edema reduction in lymphedema patients treated with lymphaticovenous anastomosis or vascularized lymph node transfer.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was performed, comparing stage 1 to 3 lymphedema patients who underwent lymphaticovenous anastomosis and/or vascularized lymph node transfer with or without delayed implantation of nanofibrillar collagen scaffold (BioBridge) from 2016 to 2019. The primary endpoint was excess volume reduction. Indocyanine green lymphatic mapping was performed to evaluate superficial lymphatic flow.

Results:
Edema reduction was significantly greater for the BioBridge cohort (12-month follow-up, n = 18) compared to controls (18.2-month follow-up, n = 11) (111.5 ± 34.5 percent versus 70.0 ± 19.0 percent; p = 0.0004). This held true in lymphaticovenous anastomosis and vascularized lymph node transfer subgroup analysis. The average rate of edema reduction increased by 3.5-fold in lymphaticovenous anastomosis and 7.6-fold in vascularized lymph node transfer following BioBridge placement. Eighty-eight percent of patients with concurrent liposuction and BioBridge implantation maintained normal volumes at 13 months postoperatively. Lymphatic mapping following BioBridge placement showed significantly more new lymphatic collectors and decreased dermal backflow. The majority of patients (77.8 percent) achieved and maintained normal limb volume at an average total follow-up of 29 months.

Conclusion:
Nanofibrillar collagen scaffold implantation enhances overall effectiveness of physiologic procedures, even in the presence of liposuction, and is a promising adjunct therapy for treatment of lymphedema.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Reclassification of Parvularcula flava as Aquisalinus luteolus nom. nov. and emended description of the genus Aquisalinus
Authors: Ying Jun-Jie , Wu Zhi-Cheng , Fang Yuan-Chun , Xu Lin , Sun Cong 
Published: October 2021

Parvularcula flava

was proposed as a novel member of genus

Parvularcula

in 2016. Some time earlier,

Aquisalinus flavus

has been proposed as a novel species of a novel genus named

Aquisalinus

. When comparing the 16S rRNA gene sequences of type strains

P. flava

NH6-79T and

A. flavus

D11M-2T, they showed 97.9 % sequence identity, much higher than the sequence identities 92.7–94.3 % between

P. flava

NH6-79T and type strains in the genus

Parvularcula

, indicating that the later proposed novel taxon

Parvularcula flava

need reclassification. The phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and genome sequences both showed that

P. flava

NH6-79T and

A. flavus

D11M-2T formed a separated branch away from strains in the genera

Parvularcula

,

Marinicaulis

and

Amphiplicatus

. The average amino acid identity and average nucleotide identity values of

P. flava

NH6-79T and

A. flavus

D11M-2T were 87.9 and 85.0 %, respectively, much higher than the values between

P. flava

NH6-79T and other closely related type strains (54.3 %–58.1 % and 68.6–70.4 %, respectively).

P. flava

NH6-79T and

A. flavus

D11M-2T also contained summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω6c and/or C18 : 1
ω7c) and C16 : 0 as major fatty acids, distinguishing them from other closely related taxa. Based on the results of the phylogenetic, comparative genomic and phenotypic analyses,

Parvularcula flava

should be reclassified as Aquisalinus luteolus nom. nov. and the description of genus

Aquisalinus

is emended.
Relationship among work–treatment balance, job stress, and work engagement in Japan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ikegami Kazunori , Ando Hajime , Eguchi Hisashi , Tsuji Mayumi , Tateishi Seiichiro , Mori Koji , Muramatsu Keiji , Fujino Yoshihisa , Ogami Akira ,   for the CORoNaWork Project
Published: October 2021

AbstractThere is a drive to support workers undergoing medical treatment who wish to continue working in Japan, known as the work–treatment balance. It is hoped that this support for the work–treatment balance could boost their mental health. This study examines the relationship among the work–treatment balance, job stress, and work engagement. This study was conducted in December 2020 in Japan, with 27,036 participants. We divided the participants into three groups by the receipt state of support for the work–treatment balance: control group (no need the support), unsupported group, and supported group. The scores of the parameters of the job content questionnaire and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-3) were compared among groups using a multilevel regression with age-sex or multivariate-adjusted models. In the two models, the job control score of the unsupported group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The two social support scores of the supported group were significantly higher than those of the control group. The scores of the UWES-3 of the unsupported group were significantly lower than those of the control group. The support of work–treatment balance for workers could have a positive impact on their mental health.
Factors Associated with Medicine Timing Effects: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Ruben Marc D. , Francey Lauren J. , Wu Gang , Smith David F. , FitzGerald Garret A. , Hughey Jacob J. , Hogenesch John B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractImportanceClinical evidence suggests that the time of day of treatment can affect outcomes in many different diseases, but this information is dispersed, imprecise, and heterogeneous. Consequently, practice guidelines and clinical care recommendations seldom specify intervention time.ObjectiveTo understand the sources of variability and summarize clinical findings on the time of day effects of medicine.Data SourcesA systematic search of Pubmed, Google Scholar, andClinicalTrials.govfor “chronotherapy” OR “time of administration”.Study SelectionAny clinical study since 2000, randomized or observational, that compared the effects of treatment at different times of day. We included pharmacologic or surgical interventions having at least one continuous outcome.Data Extraction and SynthesisFor selected studies, we extracted the mean and variance of each time-of-day treatment group. From these, we computed the standardized mean difference (SMD) as the measure of timing effect. Where a study reported multiple outcomes, we selected a single outcome based on a defined order of priority.Main Outcomes and MeasuresWe estimated overall pooled effect size and heterogeneity by a random effects model, followed by outlier detection and subgroup analyses to evaluate how study factors, including drug, design, outcome, and source, associate with timing effect.Results78 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 48 distinct interventions over many therapeutic areas. We found an overall effect of time on clinical outcomes but with substantial heterogeneity between studies. Predicted effects range from none to large depending on the study context. Study size, registration status, and source are associated with the magnitude of effect. Larger trials and those that were pre-registered have markedly smaller effects, suggesting that the published record overstates the effects of the timing of medicine on clinical outcomes. In particular, the notion that antihypertensives are more effective if taken at bedtime draws disproportionately from one source in the field, which consistently detects larger effects than the community average. Lastly, among the most highly studied drug timing relationships, aspirin’s anti-clotting effect stands out, consistently favoring evening over morning dosing.Conclusions and RelevanceWhile accounts of drug timing effects have focused onyes/no, appreciating the range of probable effects may help clarify where ‘circadian medicine’ meets the threshold for clinical benefit.
Robotic walking for recovery of functional capacity in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury: A randomized pilot trial
Authors: Shackleton Claire , Evans Robert , West Sacha , Derman Wayne , Albertus Yumna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveActivity-based Training (ABT) represents the current standard of neurological rehabilitation. Robotic Locomotor Training (RLT) is an innovative technique that aims to enhance rehabilitation outcomes, however, its efficacy in SCI rehabilitation, particularly within a low-middle income setting, is currently unclear. The primary aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of a locomotor training program within XX, in terms of recruitment, attendance, drop-out rates and safety. Secondary aims were to determine the effects of RLT compared to ABT on functional capacity in people with chronic SCI.DesignParticipants with chronic traumatic motor incomplete tetraplegia (n = 16) were recruited. Each intervention involved 60-minute sessions, 3x per week, over 24-weeks. RLT involved walking in the Ekso GT™ suit. ABT involved a combination of resistance, cardiovascular and weight-bearing exercise. Primary feasibility outcomes included recruitment rate, adherence rate, and adverse events. Validated tests were performed at baseline, 6, 12 and 24-weeks to assess the secondary outcomes of functional capacity.ResultsOut of 110 individuals who expressed interest in participating in the study, 17 initiated the program (recruitment rate = 15.4 %). Of these, 16 individuals completed the program (drop-out rate = 5.8 %) and attended sessions (attendance rate = 93.9%). There were no significant differences between the intervention groups for lower or upper extremity motor scores (UEMS effect size (ES) = 0.09; LEMS ES = 0.05), back strength (ES = 0.14) and abdominal strength (ES = 0.13) after training. However, both groups showed a significant increase of 2.00 points in UEMS and a significant increase in abdominal strength from pre- to post intervention. Only the RLT group showed a significant change in LEMS, with a mean increase of 3.00 [0.00; 16.5] points over time. Distance walked in the Functional Ambulatory Inventory (SCI-FAI) increased significantly (p = 0.02) over time only for the RLT group.ConclusionsRecruitment, attrition and adherence rates of the intervention and outcomes justify a subsequent powered RCT comparing RLT to ABT as an effective rehabilitation tool for potentially improving functional strength and walking capacity in people with incomplete SCI.
Trends in social exposure to SARS-Cov-2 in France. Evidence from the national socio-epidemiological cohort – EPICOV
Authors: Warszawski Josiane , Meyer Laurence , Franck Jeanna-Eve , Rahib Delphine , Lydié Nathalie , Gosselin Anne , Counil Emilie , Kreling Robin , Novelli Sophie , Slama Remy , Raynaud Philippe , Bagein Guillaume , Costemalle Vianney , Sillard Patrick , Fourie Toscane , de Lamballerie Xavier , Bajos Nathalie ,   Epicov Team
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to study whether social patterns of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection changed in France throughout the year 2020, in light to the easing of social contact restrictions.MethodsA population-based cohort of individuals aged 15 years or over was randomly selected from the national tax register to collect socio-economic data, migration history, and living conditions in May and November 2020. Home self-sampling on dried blood was proposed to a 10% random subsample in May and to all in November. A positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA IgG result against the virus spike protein (ELISA-S) was the primary outcome. The design, including sampling and post-stratification weights, was taken into account in univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsOf the 134,391 participants in May, 107,759 completed the second questionnaire in November, and respectively 12,114 and 63,524 were tested. The national ELISA-S seroprevalence was 4.5% [95%CI: 4.0%-5.1%] in May and 6.2% [5.9%-6.6%] in November. It increased markedly in 18-24-year-old population from 4.8% to 10.0%, and among second-generation immigrants from outside Europe from 5.9% to 14.4%. This group remained strongly associated with seropositivity in November, after controlling for any contextual or individual variables, with an adjusted OR of 2.1 [1.7-2.7], compared to the majority population. In both periods, seroprevalence remained higher in healthcare professions than in other occupations.ConclusionThe risk of Covid-19 infection increased among young people and second-generation migrants between the first and second epidemic waves, in a context of less strict social restrictions, which seems to have reinforced territorialized socialization among peers.
Optimising the balance of acute and intermediate care capacity for the complex discharge pathway: computer modelling study during COVID-19 recovery in England
Authors: Onen-Dumlu Z , Harper AL , Forte PG , Powell AL , Pitt M , Vasilakis C , Wood RM 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesWhile there has been significant research on the pressures facing acute hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been less interest in downstream community services which have also been challenged in meeting demand. This study aimed to estimate the theoretical cost-optimal capacity requirement for ‘step down’ intermediate care services within a major healthcare system in England, at a time when considerable uncertainty remained regarding vaccination uptake and the easing of societal restrictions.MethodsDemand for intermediate care was projected using an epidemiological model (for COVID-19 demand) and regressing upon public mobility (for non-COVID-19 demand). These were inputted to a computer simulation model of patient flow from acute discharge readiness to bedded and home-based Discharge to Assess (D2A) intermediate care services. Cost-optimal capacity was defined as that which yielded the lowest total cost of intermediate care provision and corresponding acute discharge delays.ResultsIncreased intermediate care capacity is likely to bring about lower system-level costs, with the additional D2A investment more than offset by substantial reductions in costly acute discharge delays (leading also to improved patient outcome and experience). Results suggest that completely eliminating acute ‘bed blocking’ is unlikely economical (requiring large amounts of downstream capacity), and that health systems should instead target an appropriate tolerance based upon the specific characteristics of the pathway.ConclusionsComputer modelling can be a valuable asset for determining optimal capacity allocation along the complex care pathway. With results supporting a Business Case for increased downstream capacity, this study demonstrates how modelling can be applied in practice and provides a blueprint for use alongside the freely-available model code.
Rapid surveillance platforms for key SARS-CoV-2 mutations in Denmark
Authors: Spiess Katja , Gunalan Vithiagaran , Marving Ellinor , Nielsen Sofie Holdflod , Jørgensen Michelle G. P. , Fomsgaard Anna S. , Nielsen Line , Alfaro-Núñez Alonzo , M. Karst Søren ,   The Danish COVID-19 Genome Consortium (DCGC), Mortensen Shila , Rasmussen Morten , Lassaunière Ria , Worsøe Rosenstierne Maiken , Polacek Charlotta , Fonager Jannik , Cohen Arieh S. , Nielsen Claus , Fomsgaard Anders 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMultiple mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) may increase, transmission, disease severity, immune evasion and facilitate zoonotic or anthoprozoonotic infections. Four such mutations, ΔH69/V70, L452R, E484K and N501Y, occur in the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in combinations that allow detection of the most important VOCs. Here we present two flexible RT-qPCR platforms for small-and large-scale screening to detect these mutations, and schemes for adapting the platforms for future mutations. The large-scale RT-qPCR platform, was validated by pair-wise matching of RT-qPCR results with WGS consensus genomes, showing high specificity and sensitivity. Detection of mutations using this platform served as an important interventive measure for the Danish public health system to delay the emergence of VOCs and to gain time for vaccine administration. Both platforms are valuable tools for WGS-lean laboratories, as well for complementing WGS to support rapid control of local transmission chains worldwide.
Third vaccine doses could have indirectly averted >100,000 deaths in the USA by reducing transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant
Authors: Gardner Billy J. , Kilpatrick A. Marm 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVaccination programs often focus on direct protection of individuals against disease and discount reductions in transmission, which can result in preventable disease and death. Initial clinical trials for most COVID-19 vaccines only measured direct protection, and dosing and vaccine selection decisions have, so far, ignored effects on transmission. Here we provide an empirical framework for incorporating indirect effects of COVID-19 vaccination on transmission in a continuous dynamic immune landscape. For the first time, we quantified relationships between neutralizing antibody titers and vaccine effectiveness for both susceptibility (VES) and infectiousness (VEI) and quantified changes in VE with waning and boosting of immunity. We used these relationships to quantify the impact that additional doses of mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) could have had in reducing transmission and deaths caused by the deadliest SARS-CoV-2 variant, Delta, in Autumn 2021. Neutralizing antibodies waned 8-fold in 2021 over the six months following initial vaccination with mRNA vaccines, which reduced VES33-38% (from 75-81% to 47-54%) and VEI62-65% (from 47-57% to 16-22%) against the Delta variant. Third doses increased neutralizing antibody titers 13-26-fold, which more than restored VE and reduced the relative risk of transmission 7-10-fold. Administering third doses by September 1, 2021 could have reduced the effective reproductive number Rtby 19%, stopped surges in transmission in many populations, and averted an estimated 111,491 deaths in the United States. Vaccination programs that incorporate effects on transmission in trial design, vaccination frequency, and vaccine choice are needed to address current and future public health challenges.SignificanceVaccination programs for many diseases often focus primarily on people at risk of severe disease and sometimes discount indirect reductions in transmission. We developed a framework for estimating the effects of vaccination on transmission and used it to estimate the number of COVID-19 deaths that could have been averted by deploying third doses during the Delta variant surge to reduce transmission. We show that immunity against transmission had waned significantly in late 2021. However, widespread deployment of third doses could have restored protection, stopped surges of the Delta variant, and prevented more than 100,000 deaths in the United States. Vaccination programs should incorporate effects on transmission in initial trial design, vaccination frequency, and vaccine selection to address public health challenges.
Adaptive data-driven selection of sequences of biological and cognitive markers in pre-clinical diagnosis of dementia
Authors: Wyss Patric , Ginsbourger David , Shou Haochang , Davatzikos Christos , Klöppel Stefan , Abdulkadir Ahmed ,   the ISTAGING Study,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle flagship study of ageing
Published: October 2021

AbstractEffective clinical decision procedures must balance multiple competing objectives such as time-to-decision, acquisition costs, and accuracy. We describe and evaluate POSEIDON, a data-driven method for PrOspective SEquentIal DiagnOsis with Neutral zones to individualize clinical classifications. We evaluated the framework with an application in which the algorithm sequentially proposes to include cognitive, imaging, or molecular markers if a sufficiently more accurate prognosis of clinical decline to manifest Alzheimer’s disease is expected. The algorithm chose to include optional invasive markers in 37 percent of cases at the cost of 1 percent lower accuracy. Applied to longitudinal data, POSEIDON selected 14 percent of all available measurements and concluded after an average follow-up time of 0.74 years at the expense of five percent lower accuracy. While effective in obtaining timely and economical decisions, our multi-objective evaluation implies that the implementation into consequential clinical applications remains controversial because of the intrinsic dependence on inherently subjective prescribed cost parameters.
Interaction Between Transcribing RNA Polymerase and Topoisomerase I Prevents R-loop Formation in E. coli
Authors: Sutormin Dmitry , Galivondzhyan Alina , Musharova Olga , Travin Dmitrii , Rusanova Anastasiya , Obraztsova Kseniya , Borukhov Sergei , Severinov Konstantin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBacterial topoisomerase I (TopoI) removes excessive negative supercoiling and is thought to relax DNA molecules during transcription, replication and other processes. Using ChIP-Seq, we show that TopoI of Escherichia coli (EcTopoI) is co-localized, genome-wide, with RNA polymerase (RNAP) in transcription units. Treatment with transcription elongation inhibitor rifampicin leads to EcTopoI relocation to promoter regions, where RNAP also accumulates. When a 14 kDa RNAP-binding EcTopoI C-terminal domain (CTD) is overexpressed, co-localization of EcTopoI and RNAP along the transcription units is reduced. Pull-down experiments directly show that the two enzymes interact in vivo. Using ChIP-Seq and Topo-Seq, we demonstrate that EcTopoI is enriched and in and upstream (within up to 12-15 Kbs) of highly-active transcription units, indicating that EcTopoI relaxes negative supercoiling generated by transcription. Uncoupling of the RNAP-EcTopoI interaction by either overexpression of EcTopoI CTD or deletion of EcTopoI domains involved in the interaction is toxic for cells and leads to excessive negative plasmid supercoiling. Moreover, the CTD overexpression leads to R-loops accumulation genome-wide, indicating that the RNAP-EcTopoI interaction is required for prevention of R-loops formation.Article HighlightsTopoI colocalizes genome-wide and interacts with RNAP in E. coliDisruption of the interaction between TopoI and RNAP decreases cells viability, leads to hypernegative DNA supercoiling, and R-loops accumulationTopoI and DNA gyrase are enriched, respectively, upstream and downstream of transcription units in accordance with twin-domain model of Liu and WangTopoI recognizes its cleavage sites through a specific motif and by sensing negative supercoiling