bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a novel rehabilitation model of care across Alberta, Canada: a focused ethnography
Authors: Manhas Kiran Pohar , Olson Karin , Churchill Katie , Vohra Sunita , Wasylak Tracy 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundIn 2017, a provincial health-system released a Rehabilitation Model of Care (RMoC) to promote patient-centred care, provincial standardisation and data-driven innovation. Eighteen early-adopter community-rehabilitation teams implemented the RMoC using a 1.5-year-long Innovation Learning Collaborative (in-person learning sessions; balanced scorecards). More research is required on developing, implementing and evaluating models of care. We aimed to explore experiences of early-adopter providers and provincial consultants involved in the community-rehabilitation RMoC implementation in Alberta, Canada.MethodsUsing focused ethnography, we used focus groups (or interviews for feasibility/confidentiality) and aggregate, site-level data analysis of RMoC standardised metrics. Purposive sampling ensured representation across geography, service types and patient populations. Team-specific focus groups were onsite and led by a researcher-moderator and cofacilitator. A semistructured question guide promoted discussions on interesting/challenging occurrences; perceptions of RMoC impact and perceptions of successful implementation. Focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed alongside field notes. Data collection and analysis were concurrent to saturation. Transcripts coding involves collapsing similar ideas into themes, with intertheme relationships identified. Rigour tactics included negative case analysis, thick description and audit trail.ResultsWe completed 11 focus groups and seven interviews (03/2018 to 01/2019) (n=45). Participants were 89.6% women, mostly Canadian trained and represented diverse rehabilitation professions. The implementation experience involved navigating emotions, operating among dynamics and integrating the RMoC details. Confident, satisfied early-adopter teams demonstrated traits including strong coping strategies; management support and being opportunistic and candid about failure. Teams faced common challenges (eg, emotions of change; delayed data access and lack of efficient, memorable communication across team and site). Implementation success targeted patient, team and system levels.ConclusionsWe recommend training priorities for future teams including evaluation training for novice teams; timelines for stepwise implementation; on-site, in-person time with a facilitator and full-team present and prolonged facilitated introductions between similar teams for long-term mentorship.
Estimation of cardiovascular drift through ear temperature during prolonged steady-state cycling: a study protocol
Authors: Polsinelli Giovanni , Rodio Angelo , Federico Bruno 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionThe measurement of heart rate is commonly used to estimate exercise intensity. However, during endurance performance, the relationship between heart rate and oxygen consumption may be compromised by cardiovascular drift. This physiological phenomenon mainly consists of a time-dependent increase in heart rate and decrease in systolic volume and may lead to overestimate absolute exercise intensity in prediction models based on heart rate. Previous research has established that cardiovascular drift is correlated to the increase in core body temperature during prolonged exercise. Therefore, monitoring body temperature during exercise may allow to quantify the increase in heart rate attributable to cardiovascular drift and to improve the estimate of absolute exercise intensity. Monitoring core body temperature during exercise may be invasive or inappropriate, but the external auditory canal is an easily accessible alternative site for temperature measurement.Methods and analysisThis study aims to assess the degree of correlation between trends in heart rate and in ear temperature during 120 min of steady-state cycling with intensity of 59% of heart rate reserve in a thermally neutral indoor environment. Ear temperature will be monitored both at the external auditory canal level with a contact probe and at the tympanic level with a professional infrared thermometer.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by an independent ethics committee. The results will be submitted for publication in academic journals and disseminated to stakeholders through summary documents and information meetings.
Activation of the GPR35 pathway drives angiogenesis in the tumour microenvironment
Authors: Pagano Ester , Elias Joshua E , Schneditz Georg , Saveljeva Svetlana , Holland Lorraine M , Borrelli Francesca , Karlsen Tom H , Kaser Arthur , Kaneider Nicole C 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivePrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is in 70% of cases associated with inflammatory bowel disease. The hypermorphic T108M variant of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35 increases risk for PSC and ulcerative colitis (UC), conditions strongly predisposing for inflammation-associated liver and colon cancer. Lack of GPR35 reduces tumour numbers in mouse models of spontaneous and colitis associated cancer. The tumour microenvironment substantially determines tumour growth, and tumour-associated macrophages are crucial for neovascularisation. We aim to understand the role of the GPR35 pathway in the tumour microenvironment of spontaneous and colitis-associated colon cancers.DesignMice lacking GPR35 on their macrophages underwent models of spontaneous colon cancer or colitis-associated cancer. The role of tumour-associated macrophages was then assessed in biochemical and functional assays.ResultsHere, we show that GPR35 on macrophages is a potent amplifier of tumour growth by stimulating neoangiogenesis and tumour tissue remodelling. Deletion of Gpr35 in macrophages profoundly reduces tumour growth in inflammation-associated and spontaneous tumour models caused by mutant tumour suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli. Neoangiogenesis and matrix metalloproteinase activity is promoted by GPR35 via Na/K-ATPase-dependent ion pumping and Src activation, and is selectively inhibited by a GPR35-specific pepducin. Supernatants from human inducible-pluripotent-stem-cell derived macrophages carrying the UC and PSC risk variant stimulate tube formation by enhancing the release of angiogenic factors.ConclusionsActivation of the GPR35 pathway promotes tumour growth via two separate routes, by directly augmenting proliferation in epithelial cells that express the receptor, and by coordinating macrophages’ ability to create a tumour-permissive environment.
P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after coronary stenting according to type of P2Y12 inhibitor
Authors: Kim Juwon , Jang Woo Jin , Lee Wang Soo , Choi Ki Hong , Lee Joo Myung , Park Taek Kyu , Yang Jeong Hoon , Choi Jin-Ho , Song Young Bin , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Lee Sang Hoon , Oh Ju-Hyeon , Chun Woo Jung , Park Yong Hwan , Im Eul-Soon , Jeong Jin-Ok , Cho Byung Ryul , Oh Seok Kyu , Yun Kyeong Ho , Cho Deok-Kyu , Lee Jong-Young , Koh Young-Youp , Bae Jang-Whan , Choi Jae Woong , Yoon Hyuck Jun , Lee Seung Uk , Cho Jang Hyun , Choi Woong Gil , Rha Seung-Woon , Hahn Joo-Yong 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo compare P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after 3-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with 12-month DAPT according to the type of P2Y12 inhibitor in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsThe Smart Angioplasty Research Team: Comparison Between P2Y12 Antagonist Monotherapy vs Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients Undergoing Implantation of Coronary Drug-Eluting Stents (SMART-CHOICE) randomised trial compared 3-month DAPT followed by P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy with 12-month DAPT. In this trial, 2993 patients undergoing successful PCI with drug-eluting stent were enrolled in Korea. As a prespecified analysis, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after 3-month DAPT versus 12-month DAPT were compared among patients receiving clopidogrel and those receiving potent P2Y12 inhibitor (ticagrelor or prasugrel), respectively. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction or stroke at 12 months after the index procedure.ResultsAmong 2993 patients (mean age 64 years), 58.2% presented with acute coronary syndrome. Clopidogrel was prescribed in 2312 patients (77.2%) and a potent P2Y12 inhibitor in 681 (22.8%). There were no significant differences in the primary endpoint between the P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy group and the DAPT group among patients receiving clopidogrel (3.0% vs 3.0%; HR: 1.02; 95% CI 0.64 to 1.65; p=0.93) as well as among patients receiving potent P2Y12 inhibitors (2.4% vs 0.7%; HR: 3.37; 95% CI 0.77 to 14.78; p=0.11; interaction p=0.1). Among patients receiving clopidogrel, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy compared with DAPT showed consistent treatment effects across various subgroups for the primary endpoint. Among patients receiving potent P2Y12 inhibitors, the rate of bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium types 2– 5) was significantly lower in the P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy group than in the DAPT group (1.5% vs 5.0%; HR: 0.33; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.87; p=0.03).ConclusionsCompared with 12-month DAPT, clopidogrel monotherapy after 3-month DAPT showed comparable cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing PCI.Trial registration numberNCT02079194.
Formal neurocognitive function and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies in paediatric lupus
Authors: Nowling Tamara K , Kral Mary , Wolf Bethany , Gilkeson Gary , Ruth Natasha McKerran 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveSLE is a chronic multisystem autoimmune inflammatory disease impacting a number of organs, including the central nervous system (CNS). The pathophysiology of CNS lupus is multifactorial, making diagnosis problematic. Neurocognitive (NC) testing and specific biomarkers to identify the development of neuropsychiatric (NP) symptoms in lupus are needed. Paediatric patients with SLE have high incidence of NP disease . While serum anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies have shown promise as a biomarker of NP in adults with SLE, much less is known with regard to paediatric patients with SLE.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study in paediatric patients with SLE. Serum NMDAR antibodies were measured and compared with levels in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Formal NC testing was performed in accordance with the Childhood Arthritis & Rheumatology Research Alliance neuropsychological core test battery. NC functioning was compared in the two groups and with NMDAR antibody levels.ResultsSerum NMDAR antibody levels were significantly higher in paediatric patients with SLE compared with patients with JIA. There were no significant correlations between NMDAR antibody levels and any measure of NC functioning. In an exploratory examination of anti-ribosomal P (RibP) antibody and NC functioning in a subset of patients with SLE, RibP antibody-positive patients exhibited worse scores for Verbal Memory Index and Design Fluency Test Switching compared with RibP antibody-negative patients. A globally significant association between disease status and NC functioning was observed. Specifically, patients with SLE had lower scores compared with patients with JIA for full-scale IQ, letter–word recognition, reading fluency and calculation skills after adjusting for multiple comparisons.ConclusionThese collective results suggest that although serum NMDAR may serve as a biomarker, formal NC testing is superior in identifying paediatric patients with SLE with NP manifestations. RibP also may potentially serve as a biomarker of NP manifestations in paediatric patients with SLE. Additional and longitudinal studies are needed.
Patient information portal for congenital aortic and pulmonary valve disease: a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial
Authors: Etnel Jonathan R G , Bons Lidia R , De Heer Frederiek , Robbers-Visser Daniëlle , Van Beynum Ingrid M , Straver Bart , Jongbloed Monique RM , Kiès Philippine , Slieker Martijn G , Van Dijk Arie P J , Kluin Jolanda , Bertels Robin A , Utens Elisabeth M W J , The Regina , Van Galen Eugene , Mulder Barbara J M , Blom Nico A , Hazekamp Mark G , Roos-Hesselink Jolien W , Helbing Willem A , Bogers Ad J J C , Takkenberg Johanna J M 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundIn response to an increased need for patient information in congenital heart disease, we previously developed an online, evidence-based information portal for patients with congenital aortic and pulmonary valve disease. To assess its effectiveness, a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial was conducted.MethodsAdult patients and caregivers of paediatric patients with congenital aortic and/or pulmonary valve disease and/or tetralogy of Fallot who visited the outpatient clinic at any of the four participating centres in the Netherlands between 1 March 2016–1 July 2017 were prospectively included. The intervention (information portal) was introduced in the outpatient clinic according to a stepped-wedge randomised design. One month after outpatient clinic visit, each participant completed a questionnaire on disease-specific knowledge, anxiety, depression, mental quality of life, involvement and opinion/attitude concerning patient information and involvement.Results343 participants were included (221 control, 122 intervention). Cardiac diagnosis (p=0.873), educational level (p=0.153) and sex (p=0.603) were comparable between the two groups. All outcomes were comparable between groups in the intention-to-treat analyses. However, only 51.6% of subjects in the intervention group (n=63) reported actually visiting the portal. Among these subjects (as-treated), disease-specific knowledge (p=0.041) and mental health (p=0.039) were significantly better than in control subjects, while other baseline and outcome variables were comparable.ConclusionEven after being invited by their cardiologists, only half of the participants actually visited the information portal. Only in those participants that actually visited the portal, knowledge of disease and mental health were significantly better. This underlines the importance of effective implementation of online evidence-based patient information portals in clinical practice.
Perioperative mortality in children in a tertiary teaching hospital in Nigeria: a prospective study
Authors: Talabi Ademola Olusegun , Ojo Olugbenga Olalekan , Aaron Olurotimi Idowu , Sowande Oludayo Adedapo , Faponle Folayemi Aramide , Adejuyigbe Olusanya 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundPerioperative mortality is one of the tools that can help to assess the adequacy of healthcare delivery in a nation. This audit was conducted to determine the 24-hour, 7-day and 30-day perioperative mortality rates and the predictors of mortality in a pediatric surgical cohort.MethodsThis was a prospective study of children whose ages ranged from a few hours to 15 years and who were operated on between May 2019 and April 2020. The primary outcome was to determine the incidence of in-hospital perioperative mortality.ResultsA total of 530 procedures were done in 502 children. Their ages ranged from a few hours to 15 years with a median of 36 months. The 24-hour, 7-day and 30-day mortality rates were 113.2 per 10 000 procedures [95% confidence interval (CI) =40 to 210], 207.6 per 10 000 procedures (95% CI=110 to 320) and 320.8 per 10 000 procedures (95% CI=190 to 470), respectively. Congenital anomalies complicated by postoperative sepsis contributed to death in the majority of cases. The predictors of mortality were neonatal age group [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=19.92, 95% CI=2.32 to 170.37, p=0.006], higher American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status III and above (AOR=21.6, 95% CI=3.05 to 152.91, p=0.002), emergency surgery (AOR=17.1, 95% CI=5.21 to 60.27, p=0.001), congenital anomalies (AOR=12.7, 95% CI=3.37 to 47.52, p=0.001), and multiple surgical procedures (AOR=9.7, 95% CI=2.79 to 33.54, p=0.001).ConclusionPerioperative mortality remains high in our institution.
The renormalised $$\mathrm{O}(a)$$ improved vector current in three-flavour lattice QCD with Wilson quarks
Authors:   ALPHA Collaboration, Heitger Jochen , Joswig Fabian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe present the results of a non-perturbative determination of the improvement coefficient $$c_\mathrm{V}$$

c
V

and the renormalisation factor $$Z_\mathrm{V}$$

Z
V

, which define the renormalised vector current in three-flavour $$\mathrm{O}(a)$$

O
(
a
)

improved lattice QCD with Wilson quarks and tree-level Symanzik-improved gauge action. In case of the improvement coefficient, we consider both lattice descriptions of the vector current, the local as well as the conserved (i.e., point-split) one. Our improvement and normalisation conditions are based on massive chiral Ward identities and numerically evaluated in the Schrödinger functional setup, which allows to eliminate finite quark mass effects in a controlled way. In order to ensure a smooth dependence of the renormalisation constant and improvement coefficients on the bare gauge coupling, our computation proceeds along a line of constant physics, covering the typical range of lattice spacings $$0.04\,\mathrm{fm}\lesssim a\lesssim 0.1\,\mathrm{fm}$$

0.04

fm
≲
a
≲
0.1

fm

that is useful for phenomenological applications. Especially for the improvement coefficient of the local vector current, we report significant differences between the one-loop perturbative estimates and our non-perturbative results.
Shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers: influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment
Authors: Möller Nadir , Liebchen Benno , Palberg Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
pH gradient-driven modular micro-swimmers are investigated as a model for a large variety of quasi-two-dimensional chemi-phoretic self-propelled entities. Using three-channel micro-photometry, we obtain a precise large field mapping of pH at a spatial resolution of a few microns and a pH resolution of $$\sim 0.02~\hbox {pH}$$

∼
0.02

pH

units for swimmers of different velocities propelling on two differently charged substrates. We model our results in terms of solutions of the three-dimensional advection–diffusion equation for a 1:1 electrolyte, i.e. carbonic acid, which is produced by ion exchange and consumed by equilibration with dissolved $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

. We demonstrate the dependence of gradient shape and steepness on swimmer speed, diffusivity of chemicals, as well as the fuel budget. Moreover, we experimentally observe a subtle, but significant feedback of the swimmer’s immediate environment in terms of a substrate charge-mediated solvent convection. We discuss our findings in view of different recent results from other micro-fluidic or active matter investigations. We anticipate that they are relevant for quantitative modelling and targeted applications of diffusio-phoretic flows in general and artificial micro-swimmers in particular.

Graphic Abstract
High-bandwidth beam balance for vacuum-weight experiment and Newtonian noise subtraction
Authors:   Archimedes Collaboration, Calloni Enrico ,   Virgo Collaboration
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe report the experimental results of a prototype balance for the Archimedes experiment, devoted to measure the interaction between quantum vacuum energy and gravity. The prototype is a beam balance working at room temperature which shares with the final balance several mechanical and optical components. The balance sensitivity has been tested at the site of the Virgo gravitational wave detector in order to benefit from its quiet environment and control facilities. This allowed also the test of the coherence of the balance data with the Virgo interferometer signal and with the environmental data. In the low-frequency regime, the balance has shown a sensitivity of about $$8\times 10^{-12} {\text {Nm}}/\sqrt{\text {Hz}}$$

8
×

10

-
12

Nm
/

Hz

, which is among the best in the world, and it is very promising toward the final Archimedes measurement. In the high-frequency region, above a few Hz, relying on the behavior of the balance as a rotational sensor, the ground tilt has been measured in view of the next work devoted to Newtonian noise subtraction (NNS) in Virgo. The measured ground tilt reaches a minimum of about $$8\times 10^{-11} {\text {rad}}/\sqrt{{\text {Hz}}}$$

8
×

10

-
11

rad
/

Hz

in the few Hz region and ranges from $$10^{-10}$$

10

-
10

to $$10^{-9} {\text {rad}}/\sqrt{{\text {Hz}}}$$

10

-
9

rad
/

Hz

in the 10–20 Hz region, where a very interesting coherence, at some frequencies, with the Virgo interferometer signal is shown.
ACM Multimedia 2019 and Reproducibility in Multimedia Research
Authors: Larson Martha , Amsaleg Laurent , Jónsson Björn Þór , Huet Benoit , Thomee Bart 
Published: March 2021

The first months of the new calendar year, multimedia researchers traditionally are hard at work on their ACM Multimedia submissions. (This year the submission deadline is 1 April.) Questions of reproducibility, including those of data set availability and release, are at the forefront of everyone's mind. In this edition of SIGMM Records, the editors of the "Data Sets and Benchmarks" column have teamed up with two intersecting groups, the Reproducibility Chairs and the General Chairs of ACM Multimedia 2019, to bring you a column about reproducibility in multimedia research and the connection between reproducible research and publicly available data sets. The column highlights the activities of SIGMM towards implementing ACM paper badging. ACM MMSys has pushed our community forward on reproducibility and pioneered the use of ACM badging [1]. We are proud that in 2019 the newly established Reproducibility track will introduce badging at ACM Multimedia.
Complete information on Reproducibility at ACM Multimedia is available at: https://project.inria.fr/acmmmreproducibility/
Atmospheric CO2 over the Past 66 Million Years from Marine Archives
Authors: Rae James W.B. , Zhang Yi Ge , Liu Xiaoqing , Foster Gavin L. , Stoll Heather M. , Whiteford Ross D.M. 
Published: March 2021

Throughout Earth's history, CO2 is thought to have exerted a fundamental control on environmental change. Here we review and revise CO2 reconstructions from boron isotopes in carbonates and carbon isotopes in organic matter over the Cenozoic—the past 66 million years. We find close coupling between CO2 and climate throughout the Cenozoic, with peak CO2 levels of ∼1,500 ppm in the Eocene greenhouse, decreasing to ∼500 ppm in the Miocene, and falling further into the ice age world of the Plio–Pleistocene. Around two-thirds of Cenozoic CO2 drawdown is explained by an increase in the ratio of ocean alkalinity to dissolved inorganic carbon, likely linked to a change in the balance of weathering to outgassing, with the remaining one-third due to changing ocean temperature and major ion composition. Earth system climate sensitivity is explored and may vary between different time intervals. The Cenozoic CO2 record highlights the truly geological scale of anthropogenic CO2 change: Current CO2 levels were last seen around 3 million years ago, and major cuts in emissions are required to prevent a return to the CO2 levels of the Miocene or Eocene in the coming century. ▪  CO2 reconstructions over the past 66 Myr from boron isotopes and alkenones are reviewed and re-evaluated. ▪  CO2 estimates from the different proxies show close agreement, yielding a consistent picture of the evolution of the ocean-atmosphere CO2 system over the Cenozoic. ▪  CO2 and climate are coupled throughout the past 66 Myr, providing broad constraints on Earth system climate sensitivity. ▪  Twenty-first-century carbon emissions have the potential to return CO2 to levels not seen since the much warmer climates of Earth's distant past.