bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognosis of patients with prostate cancer and bone metastasis from the Japanese Prostatic Cancer Registry of Standard Hormonal and Chemotherapy Using Bone Scan Index cohort study
Authors: Nakajima Kenichi , Mizokami Atsushi , Matsuyama Hideyasu , Ichikawa Tomohiko , Kaneko Go , Takahashi Satoru , Shiina Hiroaki , Horikoshi Hiroyuki , Hashine Katsuyoshi , Sugiyama Yutaka , Miyao Takeshi , Kamiyama Manabu , Harada Kenichi , Ito Akito ,   PROSTAT‐BSI Investigators
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo determine prognostic factors including the Bone Scan Index in prostate cancer patients receiving standard hormonal therapy and chemotherapy.MethodsThis multicenter Prostatic Cancer Registry of Standard Hormonal and Chemotherapy Using Bone Scan Index study involved 30 hospitals and enrolled 247 patients (age 71 ± 8 years) with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (n = 148) under hormone therapy and metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (n = 99) under chemotherapy. The Bone Scan Index (%) was determined by whole‐body bone scintigraphy using 99mTc‐methylenediphosphonate. Patients were classified into tertiles and binary groups, and predictors of all‐cause death including Bone Scan Index, prostate‐specific antigen, and bone metabolic markers were determined using survival and proportional hazard analyses.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up period of 716 ± 404 days, 81 (33%) of the patients died, and 3‐year mortality rates were 20% and 52% in the metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer and metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer groups, respectively. Survival analysis showed that a Bone Scan Index >3.5% was a significant determinant of death in the metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer group, whereas prostate‐specific antigen >55 ng/mL before chemotherapy was a determinant of prognosis in the metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer group. A Bone Scan Index >3.5% was also associated with a high incidence of prostate‐specific antigen progression in the metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer group. Patients with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer and a better Bone Scan Index response (>45%) to treatment had lower mortality rates than those without such response.ConclusionThe Bone Scan Index and hot spot number are significant determinants of 3‐year mortality, and combining the Bone Scan Index with prostate‐specific antigen should contribute to the management of prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis.
Access to inpatient diabetes resources: hospital characteristics from the inaugural Queensland Inpatient Diabetes Survey
Authors: Eccles‐Smith Jade , Puri Gaurav , Hinton Nicola , Cutmore Clare , Porter Kerry , Dermedgoglou Alexis , Donovan Peter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes is common in hospitalised patients and despite this inpatient diabetes care in Queensland has not had large scale benchmarking or audit.AimsTo establish the prevalence of diabetes in Queensland hospitals and assess the availability of specialised diabetes staff, educational resources and policies for inpatient diabetes management, including assessing equity of access to these resources.MethodsThe hospital capacity, prevalence of diabetes, diabetes‐related resources and the availability of diabetes‐related guidelines were assessed in 25 hospitals medical, surgical, mental health, high‐dependency and intensive care wards across Queensland. Dedicated diabetes staffing measured in full‐time equivalents (FTE), care delivery resources, access to educational resources, standard policies and procedures for care were assessed.ResultsTwenty‐five hospitals included 4265 occupied beds. The median prevalence of diabetes was 22.9% (interquartile range (IQR) 17.3–28.5%) with an average 2.9 FTE per 100 patients with diabetes (IQR 0–6.3). There was difficulty in accessing a diabetes educator in 48% (n = 12), diabetes specialist in 44% (n = 11), orthopaedic surgeon in 48% (n = 12), podiatrist in 58% (n = 14) and vascular surgeon in 64% (n = 16) of hospitals. Small hospitals had more difficulty accessing all members of the diabetes team compared with large hospitals including credentialled diabetes educators 33% (n = 4) versus 62% (n = 8) (P < 0.01), diabetes specialists 17% (n = 2) versus 69% (n = 9) (P < 0.01) and vascular surgeons 33% (n = 4) versus 92% (n = 12) (P < 0.01). Diabetes‐related staff education and regular nurse training was available in 40% (n = 10) of hospitals. A multi‐disciplinary foot care team was available in 28% (n = 7) of hospitals.ConclusionsQueensland has a high prevalence of diabetes in hospitalised patients and they have limited and inequitable access to inpatient diabetes‐related care.
Innovation information sharing between two competitive supply chains
Authors: Xu Hongyan , Liu Xiaomin , Huang He , Zhou Yu , Wei Ying 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe study the innovation information sharing problem between two competing supply chains with one supplier and one manufacturer each. The manufacturer in each chain has private information about its product innovation degree and may choose to share such information with the competitor (horizontal information sharing), its supplier (vertical information sharing), or both (full transparency). We find that irrespective of the status of horizontal information sharing, vertical sharing always hurts the manufacturer, and sharing information horizontally is a dominating strategy for each manufacturer when the competition intensity is small. Furthermore, when competition intensity is not extremely large, full transparency can be realized through some transfer from the suppliers to the manufacturers, achieving a Pareto improvement for all parties, because the vertical and horizontal sharing are complementary to increase the supplier's benefit. Otherwise, neither horizontal nor vertical information sharing will occur.
Triple NIR light excited up‐conversion luminescence in lanthanide‐doped BaTiO3 phosphors for anti‐counterfeiting
Authors: Wang Xiaoni , Li Ting , Liang Wenchao , Zhu Chunchun , Guo Liandong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUp‐conversion luminescent (UCL) materials are excellent candidate for optical anti‐counterfeiting and the exploitation of multi‐wavelength NIR light triggered UC phosphors with tunable color emission is essential for reliable anti‐counterfeiting technology. Herein, a series of lanthanide ions (Er3+, Er3+–Ho3+, and Yb3+–Tm3+) doped BaTiO3 submicrometer particles are synthesized through a modified hydrothermal procedure. XRD and SEM measurements were carried out to identify the structure and morphology of the samples and their UCL properties under 808, 980, and 1550 nm NIR excitation are investigated. Er3+ singly doped sample exhibits Er3+ concentration‐dependent and excitation wavelength‐dependent emission color from green to yellow and orange. The corresponding UC mechanisms under three NIR light excitation are clarified. Pure red emission under 1550‐nm excitation was obtained by introducing small amount of Ho3+ and the fluorescent lifetime test was used to confirm the energy transfer from Er3+ to Ho3+. In addition, Yb3+–Tm3+ co‐doped sample shows intense blue emission from 1G4 → 3H6 transition of Tm3+ under 980‐nm excitation. As a proof of concept, the designed pattern using phosphors with red, green, and blue three primary color emissions under 1550, 808, and 980 nm NIR excitation was displayed to demonstrate their anti‐counterfeiting application.
Exploring the experiences of living with Lewy body dementia: An integrative review
Authors: Bentley Allison , Morgan Tessa , Salifu Yakubu , Walshe Catherine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimLewy body dementia is a common neurodegenerative dementia with unique challenges in managing day‐to‐day life. A more in‐depth multifaceted picture of the Lewy body dementia lived experience will enable identification of best practice and future research direction. The review aim was to explore experiences of people living with Lewy body dementia and their family carers.DesignIntegrative review method informed by Whittemore and Knafl, supported by the information retrieval framework PALETTE. A convergent integrated approach enabled synthesis of key findings and theme identification.Data sourcesMedline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, AMED, and ALOIS databases were systematically searched to find studies published between 1995 and 2020.Review MethodsTwenty‐six articles from twenty studies were synthesized (from 1583 retrieved). Quality and relevance were appraised using the Mixed‐Methods Appraisal Tool and Gough's ‘Weight of Evidence’ framework. Data management was supported by ATLAS.ti 8 and COVIDENCE software.ResultsFour themes were identified: living with an uncertain diagnosis and prognosis; fear of the now – worry for the future; living with behavioural and psychiatric symptoms; and maintaining a social and emotional life. People reported difficulty finding information and support around diagnosis, disease progression and managing complex symptoms. The result is increased caregiver burden, grief and stress and reduced quality of life.ConclusionDelayed diagnosis and complex symptom burden means people are not getting the timely support and information they need to live and die well. Current evidence is largely quantitative, with a focus on family caregiver burden and unmet need. The challenge remains in how to capture a more holistic picture of the lived experience for people living with Lewy body dementia and those who care for them.ImpactThis review highlighted current knowledge and identified gaps in exploring the lived experience for people with Lewy body dementia and their families.
‘Who's to Say?’: Responsibility, Entitlement, and Educating for Autonomy
Authors: Westlund Andrea C. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTIn this article, I argue that educating for autonomy requires the inculcation of a disposition to take responsibility for one's commitments, including one's evaluative commitments, rather than the inculcation of an attitude of entitlement to those commitments. Drawing on pioneering work of R.F. Dearden, I argue that taking responsibility for one's commitments requires world‐directed concern for reasons and appropriate responsiveness to critical perspectives on one's beliefs and values. Educating for autonomy thus means bringing developing agents to see their beliefs and values as answerable to shared norms of assessment. The cognitive and normative capacities that are required, for such answerability, develop gradually over the course of childhood and adolescence. The question of how best to foster their development in school settings, which are inevitably characterised by asymmetries in power and authority, emerges as an important area for further inquiry.
Histone deacetylase 9 deficiency exaggerates uterine M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Liu Yanqin , Du Meirong , Lin Hai‐Yan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe maternal‐foetal interface is an immune‐privileged site where the semi‐allogeneic embryo is protected from attacks by the maternal immune system. Uterine macrophages are key players in establishing and maintaining pregnancy, and the dysregulation of the M1‐M2 subpopulation balance causes abortion. We separated two distinct mouse uterine macrophage subpopulations during early pregnancy, CD45+F4/80+CD206− M1‐like (M1) and CD45+F4/80+CD206+ M2‐like (M2) cells. The M1 preponderance was significantly exaggerated at 6 hours after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, and adoptive transfer of M2 macrophages partially rescued LPS‐induced abortion. RNA sequencing analysis of mouse uterine M2 versus M1 revealed 1837 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), among which 629 was up‐regulated and 1208 was down‐regulated. Histone deacetylase 9 (Hdac9) was one of the DEGs and validated to be significantly up‐regulated in uterine M2 as compared with M1. Remarkably, this differential expression profile between M1 and M2 was also evident in primary splenic macrophages and in vitro polarized murine peritoneal, bone marrow–derived and RAW 264.7 macrophages. In Hdac9/HDAC9 knockout RAW 264.7 and human THP‐1–derived macrophages, the expression of M1 differentiation markers was unchanged or decreased whereas M2 markers were increased compared with the wild‐type cells, and these effects were unrelated to compromised proliferation. Furthermore, Hdac9/HDAC9 ablation significantly enhanced the phagocytosis of fluorescent microspheres in M2 Raw 264.7 cells yet decreased the capacity of THP‐1‐derived M1 macrophages. The above results demonstrate that Hdac9/HDAC9 deficiency exaggerates M2 macrophage polarization in mouse and human macrophages, which may provide clues for our understanding of the epigenetic regulation on macrophage M1/M2 polarization in maternal‐foetal tolerance.
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 enhanced intestinal epithelial homeostasis via suppressing β‐catenin signalling pathway in experimental liver fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Linhao , Tai Yang , Zhao Chong , Ma Xiao , Tang Shihang , Tong Huan , Tang Chengwei , Gao Jinhang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe intestinal barrier dysfunction is crucial for the development of liver fibrosis but can be disturbed by intestinal chronic inflammation characterized with cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression. This study focused on the unknown mechanism by which COX‐2 regulates intestinal epithelial homeostasis in liver fibrosis. The animal models of liver fibrosis induced with TAA were established in rats and in intestinal epithelial–specific COX‐2 knockout mice. The impacts of COX‐2 on intestinal epithelial homeostasis via suppressing β‐catenin signalling pathway were verified pharmacologically and genetically in vivo. A similar assumption was tested in Ls174T cells with goblet cell phenotype in vitro. Firstly, disruption of intestinal epithelial homeostasis in cirrhotic rats was ameliorated by celecoxib, a selective COX‐2 inhibitor. Then, β‐catenin signalling pathway in cirrhotic rats was associated with the activation of COX‐2. Furthermore, intestinal epithelial–specific COX‐2 knockout could suppress β‐catenin signalling pathway and restore the disruption of ileal epithelial homeostasis in cirrhotic mice. Moreover, the effect of COX‐2/PGE2 was dependent on the β‐catenin signalling pathway in Ls174T cells. Therefore, inhibition of COX‐2 may enhance intestinal epithelial homeostasis via suppression of the β‐catenin signalling pathway in liver fibrosis.
The conceptual and diagnostic importance of ADHD‐related impairment: a Commentary on Arildskov et al. (2021)
Authors: DuPaul George J. 
Published: June 2021

Arildskov et al. (2021) provide compelling evidence regarding the importance and nature of functional impairment in advancing diagnostic assessment and treatment of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Their findings indicate that (a) ADHD is dimensional for both symptom severity and impairment, (b) symptoms and impairment are related but separate constructs, (c) diagnostic assessment should focus equally on symptoms and impairment, and (d) the symptom threshold for ADHD diagnosis is arbitrarily defined with respect to presence of impairment. Results from this study can be extended to raise the profile of functional impairment in research and clinical practice in terms of diagnostic assessment, treatment outcome measurement, improvements to diagnostic systems, and advancements in our understanding of ADHD as a disorder.
Mathematical design and performance investigation of evaporator water cooled storage‐cum‐mobile thermoelectric refrigerator for preservation of fruits and vegetables
Authors: Chavan Prasad , Sidhu Gagandeep Kaur , Alam Mohammed Shafiq , Kumar Mahesh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA storage‐cum‐mobile thermoelectric refrigeration system was designed for passive, active, and total load of refrigeration on the basis of thermo‐physical properties of polyurethane sheet, heat generated by axial fan, and internal heat of commodities stored for refrigeration. A prototype of mobile thermoelectric refrigeration system of capacity 100 L (40 kg per batch) was designed and developed for maintaining the temperature of 15 ± 2°C and relative humidity of 80 ± 5%. The developed system of dimension (45 × 50 × 50 length × width × height), composed of four thermoelectric modules, liquid cooled evaporator, axial fan, diaphragm water pump, fogger, and water tank. The system was operated by 12 V DC power source. Results obtained from experimental performance evaluation indicated that 20.8°C temperature reduction was achieved in 210 min under no load operation, whereas, 23.6°C temperature reduction was obtained in 360 min when the system was loaded with 30 kg of bitter gourd. The temperature was reduced at the rate of 9.65°C/h till temperature of 20°C was attained which latter reduced to 2.23°C/h under no load condition, whereas, rate of temperature reduction was 7.44°C/h till attainment of 20°C and then reduced to 1.43°C/h under loading condition. The techno‐economic feasibility of the system exhibited COP 0.85 which was significantly higher than those reported by several scientists in the range of 0.15–0.50. Developed refrigeration system can be effectively utilized as an eco‐friendly technology for small scale cold storage of fruits and vegetables with causing detrimental effect to environment.Practical ApplicationsDeveloped thermoelectric refrigeration technology is climate friendly without generating any global warming potential and can be commercially used for small scale cold storage of fruits and vegetables to enhance the shelf life of produce. A developed refrigeration system is helpful for fruits and vegetable vendors to maintain the quality of commodity during transportation to minimize the decay of food and fetch good value to the commodity.
Monitoring of dough fermentation during Chinese steamed bread processing by near‐infrared spectroscopy combined with spectra selection and supervised learning algorithm
Authors: Chang Xianhui , Huang Xingyi , Xu Weidong , Tian Xiaoyu , Wang Chengquan , Wang Li , Yu Shanshan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs a critical control point in the processing of Chinese steamed bread, fermentation is mainly judged by traditional methods. The purpose of this work was to develop an intelligent method of dough fermentation monitoring by near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technology. First, Savitzky–Golay smoothing filter was utilized as the best method to preprocess the original NIR spectra for eliminating spectral noise by comparison, and the frame size was 15. Second, the unrepresentative intervals were eliminated from preprocessed NIR spectra using synergy interval partial least squares (Si‐PLS) preliminarily. Based on the selected intervals, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) was adopted to further select variables. Then, 13 significant variables were screened from full wavelength variables by utilizing CARS‐Si‐PLS. Finally, the K‐nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM) monitoring models of dough fermentation state were established. The results showed that the accuracy of training set and prediction set of KNN model were 89 and 86%, respectively, and that of SVM model were 94 and 92%, respectively. By comparison, the performance of two models, it was found that SVM was superior to KNN. This work verified that NIR spectroscopy couple with multivariate calibration models can replace assessor judgment to realize rapid and online monitoring of dough fermentation.Practical ApplicationsThe method based on NIR spectroscopy coupled with supervised learning algorithm can be used instead of assessor to judge the fermentation state of dough, so as to avoid subjective influence of assessor on the judgment result. In addition, it can realize the rapid online monitoring of dough fermentation state, which is beneficial to enhance the automation level of Chinese steamed bread processing.
A scoping review of interventions for older adults transitioning from hospital to home
Authors: Liebzeit Daniel , Rutkowski Rachel , Arbaje Alicia I. , Fields Beth , Werner Nicole E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesOlder adults are at high risk for adverse outcomes as they transition from hospital to home. Transitional care interventions primarily focus on care coordination and medication management and may miss key components. The objective of this study is to examine the current scope of hospital‐to‐home transitional care interventions that impact health‐related outcomes and to examine other key components including engagement by older adults and their caregivers.DesignScoping review.MethodsEligible articles focused on hospital transition to home intervention, measured primary outcomes posthospitalization, used randomized controlled trial designs, and included primarily adults aged 60 years and older. Articles included in this review were reviewed in full and all data were extracted that related to study objective, setting, population, sample, intervention, primary and secondary outcomes, and main results.ResultsFive hundred sixty‐seven records were identified by title. Forty‐four articles were deemed eligible and included. Most common transitional care intervention components were care continuity and coordination, medication management, symptom recognition, and self‐management. Few studies reported a focus on caregiver needs or goals. Common modes of intervention delivery included by phone, in person while the patient was hospitalized, and in person in the community following hospital discharge. The most common outcomes were readmission and mortality.ConclusionTo improve outcomes beyond healthcare utilization, a paradigm shift is required in the design and study of care transition interventions. Future interventions should explore methods or novel interventions for caregiver engagement; leverage an interdisciplinary team or care coordination hub with engagement from underrepresented specialties such as social work and occupational therapy; and examine opportunities for interventions designed specifically to address older adult and caregiver‐reported needs and their well‐being.