bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Illustration of the Added Value of 18F-DOPA PET to Multimodal MRI to Distinguish Low- and High-Grade Gliomas
Authors: Louarn Nicolas , Kauv Paul , Capelle Laurent , Mokhtari Karima , Itti Emmanuel 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

18F-DOPA PET-MRI was performed on a 38-year-old man referred for complementary imaging after a brain tumor was discovered, according to EANM/RANO recommendations. We performed a simultaneous PET with 3-T brain MRI, which revealed 2 high 18F-DOPA uptakes, with no multimodal MRI sign of aggressiveness. An awake surgery was performed and found a grade III anaplastic astrocytoma IDH1-R132L mutant, according to the 2016 WHO classification. This was probably the aggressive transition of a grade II diffuse astrocytoma. This case illustrates the added value of 18F-DOPA PET to multimodal MRI to distinguish low- and high-grade gliomas.
Temporal Trends and Geographical Variation in Dupuytren Disease Surgery in England
Authors: Alser Osaid , Abram Simon G. F. , Craig Richard S. , Lane Jennifer C. E. , Shaw Abigail V. , Prats-Uribe Albert , Rees Jonathan L. , Prieto-Alhambra Daniel , Furniss Dominic 
Published: February 2021

Background
Dupuytren disease (DD) is a common fibroproliferative disease of the palmar fascia. The mainstay of DD treatment in England is surgery with either percutaneous needle fasciotomy, limited fasciectomy, or dermofasciectomy. This study aimed to investigate the temporal trends and geographical variation of primary DD surgery in England.

Methods
A longitudinal population-based cohort study was perfomed using the Hospital Episode Statistics database from April 1, 2007, to March 31, 2017. Directly standarized rates were estimated over time (between financial years 2007–2008 and 2016–2017) and by geographic region (by clinical commissioning groups [CCGs]; financial years 2010–2011, 2013–2014, and 2016–2017). The Office for National Statistics midyear population estimates were used as the reference population.

Main Findings
Primary DD surgery was undertaken at a steadily increasing rate from financial year 2007 to 2008, to 2016 to 2017 in England. There was a striking 3.6-fold variation in the rates of primary DD surgery among National Health Service CCGs in England place of residence.

Conclusions
This significant variation in DD surgical treatment in England suggests a need for the development of standardized surgical practice across all CCGs and National Health Service hospitals, promoting equality of access to cost-effective health care.
Our Strategy in Management of Maxillonasal Dysplasia in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Afifi Tarek , Saleh Dalia , Shaker Ayman 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Maxillonasal dysplasia or Binder syndrome is an uncommon condition. It is a congenital disease characterized by undergrowth of the central face and may include elements of the nose and upper jaw. The hallmark of the deformity is a retruded mid-face and an extremely flat nose. The timing and the surgical approaches for management of such deformity are still controversial. In this paper, we are going to present our experience in management of Binder syndrome in children. Seven children ranging in age from 6 to 13 years with classic features of Binder syndrome were operated upon in this study. The surgical approach was done at an early age and included 3 main components; nasal dorsum augmentation by costal cartilage graft, maxillary augmentation by rib grafts and columellar reconstruction by VY-plasty and strut grafts. Patients were followed for up to 6 years. Excellent results were obtained in all patients with this surgical procedure. Half of our patients required more than 1 surgery but none of them required any secondary orthognathic surgery. Therefore, we recommend that children with Binder syndrome should be managed at an early age at least for correction of their nasal deformities. Maxillary augmentation can also be done simultaneously or delayed for a second stage. During the second stage, further nasal augmentation can be accomplished. Definitive orthognathic surgeries have to be postponed to adolescence. This strategy can dramatically improve the patient aesthetic and alleviate the psychological upset without much disturbance of the facial growth.
Modified Z-Epicanthoplasty Based on the Movement and Tension of Medial Canthal Area in Asian Females
Authors: Tong Jing , Wang Rongrong , Sun Jiaming , Yang Jie 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Z-epicanthoplasty is a popular method of correcting mild to moderate epicanthal folds. However, it has some limitations, such as, under correction, recurrence, and leaving of a visible scar. This study aimed to modify the traditional Z-epicanthoplasty to optimize its application in correcting severe cases of epicanthal fold.

Methods:
A total of 117 Asian female patients received the modified Z-epicanthoplasty between January 2018 and April 2018. The type and severity of epicanthal fold were evaluated preoperatively, whereas the intercanthal distance, interpupillary distance, and scar visibility and cosmetic results were evaluated preoperatively and one-year postsurgery.

Results:
A total of 142 eyes had epicanthus tarsalis, whereas 92 eyes had epicanthus palpebralis. Of these, 29 were mild, 95 were moderate, and 119 were severe. After the operation, the intercanthal distance ratio was decreased from 0.615 (range, 0.548–0.685) preoperatively to 0.564 (range, 0.500–0.632). The mean reduction was 5.1% (range, 1.2%–10.1%; P < 0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Also, 195 eyes (83.3%) had no apparent scar and 36 (15.4%) had visible scar only under close inspection. Three eyes (1.32%) had visible scar without the need for revision. No reoccurrence was observed. And the cosmetic outcomes were scored as either excellent or good.

Conclusions:
The modified Z-epicanthoplasty which released the medial canthus activity sufficiently and corrected epicanthal fold at its maximum displacement is an effective method for the treatment of all degrees of epicanthus tarsalis and epicanthus palpebralis in Asian females.
Carotid Ultrasound in Assessing Fluid Responsiveness in Patients with Hypotension and Suspected Sepsis
Authors: Liteplo Andrew S. , Schleifer Jessica , Marill Keith A. , Huang Calvin K. , Gouker Stacey K. , Ratanski Daniel , Diamond Eden , Filbin Michael R. , Shokoohi Hamid 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
We sought to assess whether ultrasound (US) measurements of carotid flow time (CFTc) and carotid blood flow (CBF) predict fluid responsiveness in patients with suspected sepsis.

Methods:
This was a prospective observational study of hypotensive (systolic blood pressure < 90) patients “at risk” for sepsis receiving intravenous fluids (IVF) in the emergency department. US measurements of CFTc and CBF were performed at time zero and upon completion of IVF. All US measurements were repeated after a passive leg raise (PLR) maneuver. Fluid responsiveness was defined as normalization of blood pressure without persistent hypotension or need for vasopressors.

Results:
A convenience sample of 69 patients was enrolled. The mean age was 65; 49% were female. Fluid responders comprised 52% of the cohort. CFTc values increased significantly with both PLR (P = 0.047) and IVF administration (P = 0.003), but CBF values did not (P = 0.924 and P = 0.064 respectively). Neither absolute CFTc or CBF measures, nor changes in these values with PLR or IVF bolus, predicted fluid responsiveness, mortality, or the need for intensive care unit admission.

Conclusion:
In patients with suspected sepsis, a fluid challenge resulted in a significant change in CFTc, but not CBF. Neither absolute measurement nor delta measurements with fluid challenge predicted clinical outcomes.
Outcomes of Kidney Donors With Impaired Fasting Glucose
Authors: Hebert Sean A. , Murad Dina N. , Nguyen Duc T. , Graviss Edward A. , Adrogue Horacio E. , Matas Arthur J. , Ibrahim Hassan N. 
Published: February 2021

Background.
Many kidney donor candidates with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and all candidates with diabetes are currently excluded from kidney donation, fearing the development of an accelerated course of diabetic kidney disease in the remaining kidney.

Methods.
We studied mortality, proteinuria, and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in 8280 donors who donated between 1963 and 2007 according to donation fasting plasma glucose (FPG): <100 mg/dL (n = 6204), 100–125 mg/dL (n = 1826), and ≥126 mg/dL (n = 250).

Results.
Donors with IFG and those with FPG ≥126 mg/dL were older, less likely to be non-Hispanic White, had a higher body mass index, and were more likely to be related to their recipient. After 15.7 ± 10.5 y from donation to study close, 4.4% died, 29.4% developed hypertension, 13.8% developed proteinuria, and 41 (0.5%) developed ESKD. In both the logistic and Cox models, IFG was associated with a higher diabetes risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-2.30) and hypertension (aHR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.10-1.65; P = 0.003 for both), but not higher risk of proteinuria or ESKD. The multivariable risk of mortality in donors with ≥126 mg/dL was higher than the 2 other groups, but risks of proteinuria, cardiovascular disease, and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate were similar to those with FPG <126 mg/dL. Three cases of ESKD developed in the 250 donors with FPG ≥126 mg/dL at 18.6 ± 10.3 y after donation (aHR, 5.36; 95% CI, 1.0-27.01; P = 0.04).

Conclusions.
Donors with IFG and the majority of donors with ≥126 mg/dL do well and perhaps should not be routinely excluded from donation.
CT-measured Cortical Volume Ratio Is an Accurate Alternative to Nuclear Medicine Split Scan Ratio Among Living Kidney Donors
Authors: Montgomery John R. , Brown Craig S. , Zondlak Allyse N. , Walsh Kevin W. , Kozlowski Julia E. , Pinsky Alexa M. , Herriman Emily A. , Sussman Jeremy , Lu Yee , Stein Erica B. , Shankar Prasad R. , Sung Randall S. , Woodside Kenneth J. 
Published: February 2021

Background.
The 125I-iothalamate clearance and 99mTc diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) split scan nuclear medicine studies are used among living kidney donor candidates to determine measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) and split scan ratio (SSR). The computerized tomography–derived cortical volume ratio (CVR) is a novel measurement of split kidney function and can be combined with predonation estimated GFR (eGFR) or mGFR to predict postdonation kidney function. Whether predonation SSR predicts postdonation kidney function better than predonation CVR and whether predonation mGFR provides additional information beyond predonation eGFR are unknown.

Methods.
We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of 204 patients who underwent kidney donation between June 2015 and March 2019. The primary outcome was 1-y postdonation eGFR. Model bases were created from a measure of predonation kidney function (mGFR or eGFR) multiplied by the proportion that each nondonated kidney contributed to predonation kidney function (SSR or CVR). Multivariable elastic net regression with 1000 repetitions was used to determine the mean and 95% confidence interval of R
2, root mean square error (RMSE), and proportion overprediction ≥15 mL/min/1.73 m2 between models.

Results.
In validation cohorts, eGFR-CVR models performed best (R
2, 0.547; RMSE, 9.2 mL/min/1.73 m2, proportion overprediction 3.1%), whereas mGFR-SSR models performed worst (R
2, 0.360; RMSE, 10.9 mL/min/1.73 m2, proportion overprediction 7.2%) (P < 0.001 for all comparisons).

Conclusions.
These findings suggest that predonation CVR may serve as an acceptable alternative to SSR during donor evaluation and furthermore, that a model based on CVR and predonation eGFR may be superior to other methods.
World Survey on Minimally Invasive Donor Hepatectomy: A Global Snapshot of Current Practices in 2370 Cases
Authors: Rotellar Fernando , Ciria Ruben , Wakabayashi Go , Suh Kyung-Suk , Cherqui Daniel 
Published: February 2021

Background.
Having little evidence on the real extent of the minimally invasive donor hepatectomy (MIDH), a world survey was conducted aiming to picture the spread of MIDH and to identify geographical, institutional, and individual differences.

Methods.
A web-based survey was created with 5 sections (general, institutional, surgeon’s experience, technical, and spread and dissemination), comprising up to a total of 47 questions. A thorough search was carried out to identify all possible centers and surgeons performing MIDH.

Results.
A global MIDH experience of 2370 cases was collected: 1587 right hepatectomies (RHs; 48.9% pure laparoscopic), 471 left lateral sectionectomies (LLS; 81.1% pure laparoscopic), and 366 left hepatectomies (LHs; 77.6% laparoscopic-assisted). LLS and adult MIDH conversion rates were 5.4% and 3.9%, respectively. Median blood loss was 250 mL (100–600), 100 mL (50–250), and 150 mL (50–500) for RH, LLS, and LH, respectively. Intra- and postoperative transfusion rates were 0.5%, 0%, and 0.3%; and 1.3%, 1.6%, and 0% for RH, LLS, and LH, respectively. Geographically, Asia accounts up to 1730 cases (73% of the global experience, 49.6% pure lap), of which 1374 cases are RH; Europe and Middle East—395 cases—stands out for its experience in left lateral sectionectomy: 289 cases (93% pure lap). Finally, America accounts for 245 cases, using a laparoscopic-assisted technique in 72.6% of the cases (178).

Conclusions.
This world survey provides evidence and data on the global spread of MIDH and anticipates how in a near future a large-scale adoption of these techniques may be observed.
Impact of Donor and Recipient Clinical Characteristics and Hepatic Histology on Steatosis/Fibrosis Following Liver Transplantation
Authors: Shaked Oren , Demetris Jack , Levitsky Josh , Feng Sandy , Loza Bao-Li , Punch Jeff , Reyes Jorge , Klintmalm Goran , Jackson Whitney , DesMarais Michele , Sayre Peter , Shaked Abraham , Reddy K. Rajender 
Published: February 2021

Background.
Deceased donor and recipient predictors of posttransplant steatosis/steatohepatitis and fibrosis are not well known. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence and assess donor and recipient predictors of steatosis, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis in liver transplantation recipients.

Methods.
Using the immune tolerance network A-WISH multicenter study (NCT00135694), donor and recipient demographic and clinical features were collected. Liver biopsies were taken from the donor liver at transplant, and from recipients per protocol and for-cause (ie, abnormal transaminases and to rule out rejection) and were interpreted by a central pathologist.

Results.
One hundred eighty-three paired donor/recipients liver biopsies at the time of transplant and posttransplant follow-up (median time 582 d; average time to last biopsies was 704 d [SD ± 402 d]) were analyzed. Donor steatosis did not influence recipient steatosis or fibrosis. Ten of 183 recipients had steatohepatitis on the last biopsy. Recipient body mass index at the time of liver biopsy was the most influential factor associated with posttransplant steatosis. Both donor and recipient metabolic syndrome features were not associated with graft steatosis. Untreated hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection was the most influential factor associated with the development of allograft fibrosis.

Conclusions.
In a large experience evaluating paired donor and recipient characteristics, recipient body mass index at the time of liver biopsy was most significantly associated with posttransplant steatosis. Untreated HCV etiology influenced graft fibrosis. Thus relative to untreated HCV, hepatic fibrosis in those with steatosis/steatohepatitis is less common though long-term follow-up is needed to determine the course of posttransplant fibrosis. Emphasis on recipient weight control is essential.
clusTCR: a Python interface for rapid clustering of large sets of CDR3 sequences
Authors: Valkiers Sebastiaan , Van Houcke Max , Laukens Kris , Meysman Pieter 
Published: February 2021

The T-cell receptor (TCR) determines the specificity of a T-cell towards an epitope. As of yet, the rules for antigen recognition remain largely undetermined. Current methods for grouping TCRs according to their epitope specificity remain limited in performance and scalability. Multiple methodologies have been developed, but all of them fail to efficiently cluster large data sets exceeding 1 million sequences. To account for this limitation, we developed clusTCR, a rapid TCR clustering alternative that efficiently scales up to millions of CDR3 amino acid sequences. Benchmarking comparisons revealed similar accuracy of clusTCR with other TCR clustering methods. clusTCR offers a drastic improvement in clustering speed, which allows clustering of millions of TCR sequences in just a few minutes through efficient similarity searching and sequence hashing.clusTCR was written in Python 3. It is available as an anaconda package (https://anaconda.org/svalkiers/clustcr) and on github (https://github.com/svalkiers/clusTCR).
Household secondary attack rate of COVID-19 by household size and index case characteristics
Authors: Tibebu Semra , A. Brown Kevin , Daneman Nick , Paul Lauren A. , Buchan Sarah A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this population-wide study in Ontario, Canada, we investigated the household secondary attack rate (SAR) to understand its relationship to household size and index case characteristics. We identified all patients with confirmed COVID-19 between July 1 and November 30, 2020. Cases within households were matched based on reported residential address; households were grouped based on the number of household contacts. The majority of households (68.2%) had a SAR of 0%, while 3,442 (11.7%) households had a SAR ≥75%. Overall household SAR was 19.5% and was similar across household sizes, but varied across index case characteristics. Households where index cases had longer delays between symptom onset and test seeking, households with older index cases, households with symptomatic index cases, and larger households located in diverse neighborhoods, were associated with greater household SAR. Our findings present characteristics associated with greater household SARs and proposes immediate testing as a method to reduce household transmission and incidence of COVID-19.
The differential impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on Medicaid expansion and non-expansion states
Authors: Hussein Muhammad Ragaa , Morsi Islam , Awad Engy A. , Fayed Dina A. , AlSulaiman Thamer , Habib Mohamed , Herbold John R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMedicaid expansion is a federally-funded program to expand health care access and coverage to economically challenged populations by increasing eligibility to Medicaid enrollment and investing in public health preventive services in the individual states. Yet, when the COVID-19 epidemic plagued the country, fourteen states were practicing their chosen decision not to enact the Medicaid expansion policy. We examined the consequences of this nationwide split in Medicaid design on the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic between the expansion and non-expansion states. Our study shows that, on average, the expansion states had 217.56 fewer confirmed COVID-19 cases per 100,000 residents than the non-expansion states [-210.41; 95%CI (−411.131) - (−2.05); P<0.05]. Also, the doubling time of COVID-19 cases in Medicaid expansion states was longer than that of non-expansion states by an average of 1.68 days [1.6826; 95%CI 0.4035-2.9617; P<0.05]. These findings suggest that proactive investment in public health preparedness was an effective protective policy measure in this crisis, unsurpassed by the benefits of COVID-19 emergency plans and funds. The study findings could be relevant to policymakers and healthcare strategists in non-expansion states considering their states’ preparations for such public health crises.
An integrated approach to identify environmental modulators of genetic risk factors for complex traits
Authors: Balliu Brunilda , -Orive Ivan Carcamo , Gloudemans Michael J. , Nachun Daniel C. , Durrant Matthew G. , Gazal Steven , Park Chong Y. , Knowles David A. , Wabitsch Martin , Quertermous Thomas , Knowles Joshua W. , Montgomery Stephen B. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractComplex traits and diseases can be influenced by both genetics and environment. However, given the large number of environmental stimuli and power challenges for gene-by-environment testing, it remains a critical challenge to identify and prioritize specific disease-relevant environmental exposures. We propose a novel framework for leveraging signals from transcriptional responses to environmental perturbations to identify disease-relevant perturbations that can modulate genetic risk for complex traits and inform the functions of genetic variants associated with complex traits. We perturbed human skeletal muscle, fat, and liver relevant cell lines with 21 perturbations affecting insulin resistance, glucose homeostasis, and metabolic regulation in humans and identified thousands of environmentally responsive genes. By combining these data with GWAS from 31 distinct polygenic traits, we show that heritability of multiple traits is enriched in regions surrounding genes responsive to specific perturbations and, further, that environmentally responsive genes are enriched for associations with specific diseases and phenotypes from the GWAS catalogue. Overall, we demonstrate the advantages of large-scale characterization of transcriptional changes in diversely stimulated and pathologically relevant cells to identify disease-relevant perturbations.
SnapKin: a snapshot deep learning ensemble for kinase-substrate prediction from phosphoproteomics data
Authors: Lin Michael , Xiao Di , Geddes Thomas A. , Burchfield James G. , Parker Benjamin L. , Humphrey Sean J. , Yang Pengyi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMass spectrometry (MS)-based phosphoproteomics enables the quantification of proteome-wide phosphorylation in cells and tissues. A major challenge in MS-based phosphoproteomics lies in identifying the substrates of kinases, as currently only a small fraction of substrates identified can be confidently linked with a known kinase. By leveraging large-scale phosphoproteomics data, machine learning has become an increasingly popular approach for computationally predicting substrates of kinases. However, the small number of high-quality experimentally validated kinase substrates (true positive) and the high data noise in many phosphoproteomics datasets together impact the performance of existing approaches. Here, we aim to develop advanced kinase-substrate prediction methods to address these challenges. Using a collection of seven large phosphoproteomics datasets, including six published datasets and a new muscle differentiation dataset, and both traditional and deep learning models, we first demonstrate that a ‘pseudo-positive’ learning strategy for alleviating small sample size is effective at improving model predictive performance. We next show that a data re-sampling based ensemble learning strategy is useful for improving model stability while further enhancing prediction. Lastly, we introduce an ensemble deep learning model (‘SnapKin’) incorporating the above two learning strategies into a ‘snapshot’ ensemble learning algorithm. We demonstrate that the SnapKin model achieves overall the best performance in kinase-substrate prediction. Together, we propose SnapKin as a promising approach for predicting substrates of kinases from large-scale phosphoproteomics data. SnapKin is freely available athttps://github.com/PYangLab/SnapKin.