bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Strategies for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoid Osteoma of the Lesser Trochanter of Femur
Authors: Qiu Xinzhu , He Hongbo , Zeng Hao , Tong Xiaopeng , Liu Qing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aims: Herein, we examined the efficacy of open resection in proximal femoral osteoid osteoma (OO) treatment. Besides, we analysed the causes of misdiagnosis of proximal femoral OO to provide a reference for its diagnosis and treatment.Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 29 patients with proximal femoral OO admitted into our hospital from January 2010 to January 2018. The baseline characteristics of the participants included; 21 males and 9 females, aged between 13 to 25 (mean 16.2) years old, and the course of the disease was 1 to 14 (mean 6.1) months. We used previous medical experience records of the patients to analyze for the causes of misdiagnosis. Moreover, we compared the difference between preoperative and postoperative treatment practices in alleviating pain in OO patients and restoring hip function. Follow-ups were conducted regularly, and patients advised to avoid strenuous exercises for 3 months.Results: We followed up 29 patients (21 intercortical, 2 sub-periosteal, and 6 medullary) for an average of 42.5 months. We found that 13 patients (44.8%) had been misdiagnosed of synovitis, Perthes disease, osteomyelitis, intra-articular infection, and joint tuberculosis, whose average time from symptoms to diagnosis were 9.8 months. Postoperative pain score and joint function score improved significantly compared with preoperative, and complications were rare.Conclusion: Open surgical resection constitutes an effective treatment for proximal femoral OO by accurately and completely removing the nidus. Lack of understanding, wrong choice of examination, and the complexity and diversity of clinical manifestations constitute the main reasons for the misdiagnosis of proximal femoral OO.
One Year of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross Sectional Study on Teaching Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Bock Anna , Peters Florian , Winnand Philipp , Kniha Kristian , Heitzer Marius , Lemos Martin , Hölzle Frank , Modabber Ali 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The pandemic has challenged educational institutions to catalyze digitalization and rapidly develop online teaching formats. The aim of the study was to evaluate the teaching offer for oral and maxillofacial surgery at our university during the pandemic and to investigate the students’ perceptions of the current situation. Methods: A 38-item questionnaire with five sections (demographic information, lectures, internships, e-learning, and pandemic-related solutions/effects) was created online. Most questions were answered on a 10-point Likert scale, with 1 indicating “fully agree/positive” and 10 indicating “totally disagree/negative.” The remaining questions were either answered with yes/no, percent value, or open-ended text responses. All 3rd-5th year dental students were invited to voluntarily participate and were sent an anonymous link by email. Results: A total of 63.7% of the participants had no prior experience with online courses before the pandemic. The students stated that the change from face-to-face to online teaching worked very well in the last two semesters (mean = 2.73, standard deviation = 2.05). Overall, the pandemic had a rather positive influence on the acquisition of theoretical skills and a negative influence on the acquisition of practical skills (p < 0.0001). The evaluation showed that, compared to other dental clinics at our university, the department for oral and maxillofacial surgery was well prepared for the pandemic.Conclusion: Digitalization of oral and maxillofacial surgery teaching in dental education is possible but depends on the institution’s preparatory work and technological possibilities. The students declared a high acceptance of digital learning formats and indicated an increased motivation to learn due to e-learning. The pandemic’s influence on the students’ education was rated ambivalent.
Roles of GFPT2 Expression Levels On the Prognosis and Tumor Microenvironment of Colon Cancer
Authors: Ding Xiaorong , Liu Hua , Yuan Ying , Zhong Qin , Zhong Xiaomin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Recently, increasing evidence has suggested that Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2) is related to carcinogenesis. However, the potential roles of GFPT2 in colon cancer still need to be fully investigated.Methods We examined the protein levels of GFPT2 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tissues collected from 83 patients with colon cancer. We checked the relationship between GFPT2 expression levels and overall survival (OS), stromal and immune scores and immune components from The Cancer Gene Atlas (TCGA) database. Expression of GFPT2 in single cell subpopulations was calculated from The Tumor Immune Single Cell Center (TISCH). GFPT2 levels and drug sensitivity data were performed from CellMiner dataset. Results GFPT2 was highly expressed and correlates with poor pathological features in 83 colon cancer patients. Moreover, increased GFPT2 expression was significantly associated with poorer OS in 329 colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). Gene oncology (GO) and KEGG analysis showed the differentially expressed genes of GFPT2 were mostly enriched in focal adhesion, ECM receptor interaction, JAK/STAT signaling pathway and immune related pathways. In addition, GFPT2 levels were correlated with the tumor microenvironment (TEM). GFPT2 expression was linked to CAFs-associated factors and EMT-related factors. GFPT2 was positively correlated with immunosuppressive cells and regulated immunosuppressive factors and T-cell exhaustion. Finally, our data suggested that the expression of GFPT2 may be a judgment of the sensitivity of a certain class of drugs. Conclusions Our work revealed the roles of GFTP2 in tumorigenesis, especially in immune response, tumor microenvironment and drug resistance, which is crucial for the development of customized cancer therapies.
Prevention of Gestational Diabetes in Pregnant Women with Obesity: Protocol for a Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Quotah Ola , Nishku Glen , Hunt Jessamine , Seed Paul T , Gill Carolyn , Brockbank Anna , Fafowora Omoyele , Vasiloudi Ilektra , Olusoga Opeoluwa , Cheek Ellie , Phillips Jannelle , Nowak Katarzyna G , Poston Lucilla , White Sara L , Flynn Angela C 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundObesity in pregnancy increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and associated adverse outcomes. Despite metabolic differences, all pregnant women with obesity are considered to have the same risk of developing GDM. Improved risk stratification is required to enable targeted intervention in women with obesity who would benefit the most. The aim of this study is to identify pregnant women with obesity at higher risk of developing GDM and in a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT), show efficacy of a lifestyle intervention and/or metformin to improve glycaemic control.MethodsWomen aged 18 years or older with a singleton pregnancy and body mass index (BMI) ≥30kg/m2 will be recruited from one maternity unit in London, UK. Risk of GDM will be assessed using a multivariable GDM prediction model combining maternal age, mid-arm circumference, systolic blood pressure, serum triglycerides and whole blood HbA1c. Women identified at higher risk of developing GDM will be randomly allocated to one of two intervention groups (lifestyle advice with or without metformin) or standard antenatal care. Primary outcome; reduction in mean glucose/24hr of 0.5mmol/l as assessed by continuous glucose monitoring. A sample of 60 high risk women is required.DiscussionEarly risk stratification of GDM in pregnant women with obesity and targeted intervention using lifestyle advice with or without metformin could improve glucose tolerance compared to standard antenatal care. If successful, an adequately powered RCT will be performed to investigate whether this strategy is effective in preventing GDM in women with obesity. Ethics and trial registrationThis study has been approved by the NHS Research Ethics Committee (UK IRAS integrated research application system; reference 18/LO/1500). EudraCT Number 2018-000003-16.
Genetic and Morphological Variation of Vespa Velutina Nigrithorax, an Invasive Species in Mountainous Areas
Authors: Do Yuno , Park Woong-Bae , Park Jun-Kyu , Kim Chang‐Jun , Choi Moon Bo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The yellow-legged hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) is an invasive species in South Korea with negative economic, ecological, and public health impacts. We investigated genetic and morphological variation in the species populations on Mt. Jiri, the tallest mountain in South Korea. We hypothesized that a high-altitude would be negatively correlated with the genetic diversity of the hornet population, and hornet wing morphology would change with an increase in altitude. Our results showed that the genetic diversity of yellow-legged hornets did not decrease as altitude increased. Regardless of the altitude, the inbreeding coefficient was high at the newly colonized sites. A single genetic population occurred in the mountainous areas examined and gradually expanded its range. Wing morphology, especially shape, did not change with an increase in altitude or decrease in temperature. Although snow cover and cool temperatures at high altitudes could limit nest-building activities, they did not prevent the extension of the range of the species. Therefore, the yellow-legged hornet cannot be controlled naturally by climate or topography; combined approaches, including chemical control, nest removal, and bait-trapping techniques should be implemented.
Heterosis and Combining Ability For Floral and Yield Characters in Rice Using Cytoplasmic Male Sterility System
Authors: ElShamey Essam A. Z. , Sakran Raghda M. , ElSayed Mahmoud A. A. , Selim Mahmoud E. , Germoush Mousa O. , Mansour Elsayed , El-Moneim Diaa Abd 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Therapeutic Strategies for Asymptomatic Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Deng , Hong Yun , Yang Zesong , Ye Liefu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

A total of 136 patients with upper urinary tract epithelial carcinoma (UTUC) were recruited, of which 21 patients with asymptomatic UTUC were group A, and 115 UTUC patients with hematuria or low back pain were group B. The clinicopathological features, oncologic outcomes, and surgical methods of patients were evaluated. The full-length renal ureterectomy+bladder sleeve resection was the main surgical treatment which was included (group A 80.95%, group B 90.43%). Other patients were treated with kidney-retaining surgery. No statistically significant difference was observed in the grading between groups A and B, pathological stage (p >0.05). During a median follow-up period of 44.3 months, tumor-specific mortality of group A was 7.14%, and that of group B was 5.10%. At the same period, the clinical data of 106 patients with asymptomatic bladder tumor were collected: 31 patients of them had asymptomatic bladder urothelial carcinoma. The asymptomatic UTUC group had a higher stage and grade clinicopathological features (P = 0.00), more aggressive than the asymptomatic bladder urothelial carcinoma group. The principle of asymptomatic UTUC treatment is the same as that of symptomatic UTUC. Risk stratification should be carried out according to clinical staging and other parameters, and the corresponding surgical treatment should be selected.
Effect of Blastocyst Quality on Human Sex Ratio at Birth in Single Blastocyst Frozen Thawed Embryo Transfer Cycle
Authors: Mao Yuling , Zeng Ming , Meng Ya-ming , Wang Chunyan , Qiao Jingda , Li Lei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine whether blastocyst quality affect on sex ratio at birth through in single blastocyst frozen thawed embryo transfer cycle.Materials and MethodsWe ran this retrospective study on 4205 singleton infants born following single blastocyst frozen thawed embryo transfer from January 2016 to October 2020 at a single institution. We compared the sex ratios of these infants with respect to blastocyst quality, embryo growth rate and morphology.ResultsThe main outcomes of this study were that the sex ratio at birth of single blastocyst frozen thawed embryo transfer babies was 56.67% which was higher than the normal level (51.22%). The sex ratio of mothers older than 40 years was significantly lower than that of mothers younger than 40 years (0.39vs1.3, P<0.05). Transplanting good quality blastocysts significantly increased the proportion of boys (1.35vs0.94, P<0.05). Transplanting grade 5 and 6 blastocysts significantly increased the proportion of male babies born compared with grade 3 and 4 blastocysts (1.91vs1.28, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the sex ratio with respect to the inner cell mass (ICM) score. In addition, the higher the trophectoderm (TE) score, the higher the sex ratio (2.79vs1.18vs0.91, P<0.05).ConclusionsOur study indicated that blastocyst quality, especially trophoblastic cell score, had a significant effect on sex ratio.
Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharide Attenuates Pseudomonas-Aeruginosa Pyocyanin Induced Cellular Injury in Mice Airway Epithelial Cells
Authors: Lin Xue , Song Fuyang , Xue Di , Wang Yujiong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Lycium barbarum berries have been utilized in Asia for many years. However, the mechanisms of its lung-defensive properties are indeterminate. Methods: We investigate whether L. barbarum polysaccharide could weaken Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection-induced lung injury. Mice primary air-liquid interface epithelial cultures were pretreated with L. barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) and subsequently treated with pyocyanin (PCN). Lung injury, including apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, was estimated by western blot, ELISA and Q-PCR. Flow cytometry was used to test cell apoptosis. Moreover, Balb/c mice were used to evaluate the tissue injury. We used hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunofluorescence to detect the expression of related proteins and tissue damage in mouse lungs and spleen. Results: The flow cytometric analysis shows the potential of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) to reduce time-dependent cell death by PCN. Mechanistically, LBP reduces PCN-induced expression of proapoptotic proteins, caspase3, and induces the activation of Bcl-2 in mice bronchial epithelial cells. Similarly, LBP reduces PCN-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, LBP inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, TNF, IL-6, and IL-8. Conclusion: Our study confirms the ability of LBP to retard PCN-induced injury in mice lung and spleen. Inhibition of PCN-induced lung injury by LBP is capable of protecting mice cells from injury.
Coin paradox spin-orbit interaction enhances magneto-optical effect and its application in on-chip integrated optical isolator
Authors: Hu Hao , Qi Jiwei , Wu Qiang , Fu Xianhui , Wu Hongjin , Zhang Sihao , Chen Zongqiang , Chen Jing , Yao Jianghong , Yu Xuanyi , Sun Qian , Xu Jingjun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We designed a simple on-chip integrated optical isolator made up of a MIM waveguide and a disc cavity filled with magneto-optical material to enhance the transverse magneto-optical effect through the coin paradox spin-orbit interaction (SOI). The simulation results of the non-reciprocal transmission properties of this optical structure show that a high-performance on-chip integrated optical isolator is obtained. The maximum isolation ratio (IR) is greater than 40 dB with a corresponding insertion loss (IL) of about 2 dB. The great performance of the optical isolator is attributed to the strong transverse magneto-optical effect, which is enhanced by the coin paradox SOI. Moreover, the enhancement of the transverse magneto-optical effect through the coin paradox SOI is more substantial for smaller azimuthal mode number n. Benefitting from this, the transverse magneto-optical effect remains strong in a wide wavelength range. Additionally, a smaller cavity has a stronger transverse magneto-optical effect in the same wavelength range. Our research provides a new perspective for creating highly integrated magneto-optical devices.
Safety and Feasibility of Autologous Adipose-derived Stromal Vascular Fraction in the Treatment of Keloids: a Phase One Randomised Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Mbiine Ronald , Kayiira Anthony , Wayengera Misaki , Munabi Ian , Kiwanuka Noah , Alenyo Rose , Kalanzi Edris Wamala , Muwonge Haruna , Nakanwagi Cephas , Joloba Moses , Galukande Moses 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is described as a therapeutic alternative in keloid treatment. However, most conclusions are based on observational with the majority conducted in high-income countries and yet the highest-burden of keloids is in Low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). In order to explore the therapeutic benefits of SVF in keloids, the safety and feasibility of their use in LMICs need to be evaluated.Methods: In this phase 1 randomized controlled pilot clinical trial conducted in the Plastic Surgery Unit of Kirruddu National Referral Hospital Kampala, 8 patients were assigned 1:1 ratio into either SVF or Triamcinolone Acetonide (TAC) arms. In the SVF arm, a median (IQR) number of stromal cell infiltration of 2.7x106 (11x106) was administered while the controls received 10mg/ml TAC in a ratio of 1:1 TAC into keloid volume. Primary end-points were adverse events development based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 tool and Feasibility assessment based on ≥70% recruitment feasibility and ≥80% interventional feasibility rates. Results: Participant mean age was 27.9 (±6.5) years with a female predilection of 5(63%). Overall, no adverse events were reported in the SVF arm while an ulceration in a single patient in the TAC arm which was a grade II adverse event was reported. Recruitment feasibility of 80% as well as interventional feasibility with 100% completion were reported. Conclusion: Based on our findings, autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction is feasible and safe for the treatment of keloids. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04553159. Registered 17th September 2020. Link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04553159
Persistent cough and asthma-like symptoms post COVID-19 hospitalization in children
Authors: esmaeilzadeh hossein , Dashti Anahita Sanaei , Mortazavi Negar , Fatemian Fatemian , Vali Mohebat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: Respiratory viruses are the main triggers of asthma. Coronavirus is shown to contribute to infections of the respiratory tract that can lead to prolong cough and asthma. Objectives: Present study aimed to determine the risk of developing Persistent cough and asthma-like symptoms in hospitalized children due to COVID-19. Methods: This prospective study was carried out in a tertiary referral center. During the COVID-19 pandemic, 69 hospitalized pediatric patients admitted with COVID-19 were observed from February2020 to January 2021. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded, and after discharge, patients were followed and visited for cough and asthma evaluation in one, 2 and 6 months later. Patients with asthma-like diagnosis in follow up define as asthma-like group and patients without any sign of asthma categorized as the non-asthma group. Asthma-like co-morbids and risk factors were evaluated and compared between two groups. Results: Most of the COVID-19 hospitalized patients (N=42) (58.5%) were not affected by asthma-like symptoms in follow-up. 60.9% of the COVID-19 patients were male. The asthma-like group cases had a significantly familial history of asthma (63.0%), past medical history of asthma (33.3%), and Allergic rhinitis (85.2%). Rates of signs and symptoms during hospitalization were significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 and past medical history of asthma. Conclusions: We found an asthma-like prevalence of 41.5% in the cohort of COVID-19 hospitalized children. Family history of asthma and previous history of asthma and allergic rhinitis are risk factors for asthma-like after COVID-19 hospitalization. COVID-19 presentations are more severe in the asthma-like group.
Comparison of the health-related quality of life of community dwelling patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the general population
Authors: Jun Hye Suk , Lee Su Jung 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

The goal of care for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not only diagnosis and treatment, but also improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study compared the HRQoL of community dwelling patients with COPD and the general population, using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Methods

We defined COPD groups among patients with less than 70% of forced expiratory volume in 1 second value (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio in a pulmonary function test. To control for covariates that affect HRQoL, we used propensity score matching with a 1:1 ratio. Finally, 2,230 people were analyzed in both the COPD and non-COPD groups.
Results

There were no significant differences between COPD and matched non-COPD groups on the EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), after adjusting for clinico-socioeconomic status (e.g., age, sex, education, household income level, marital status, BMI, current smoking, drinking and comorbidities). However, according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria, as the severity of COPD increased, HRQoL decreased. In particular, this difference was prominent in the domain related to physical health.
Conclusion

Proper community support and financial stability might be important for the maintenance of HRQoL of persons with COPD, in addition to early detection and treatment.
Migration of mercury in the food chains of the Beloosipovo biocenosis (part 1)
Authors: Prosekov Alexander 
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Mercury and its compounds are among the most dangerous toxic substances, which makes mercury pollution one of the most urgent environmental issues. The present research objective was to study the accumulation of mercury and its impact on the terrestrial ecosystems in the area of the Beloosipovo mercury deposit (Kemerovo Region, West Siberia, Russia).
Study objects and methods. The study used standard methods to test soil, herbs, herpetobiont insects, and small mammals. The sampling was conducted at 13 points in the cardinal directions at 0.5, 1.5, and 3 km from the pollution source. The method of atomic absorption was employed to measure the concentration of mercury in the samples prepared by the wet mineralization method.
Results and discussion. The main components of terrestrial ecosystems revealed no excessive concentration of mercury in the soil. However, the water samples from the Belaya Osipova river demonstrated an excess in the maximum permissible concentration of mercury from 5 to 20% (0.00056–0.00074 mg/L). Further up the food chains, the concentration of mercury in organisms decreased by 1–2 orders of magnitude, depending on the sampling point. The study also revealed Siberian trout lily (Erythronium sibiricum (Fisch. et C. A. Mey) Kryl.), which is protected at the federal and regional levels, as well as several nemoral tertiary relics.
Conclusion. The decreasing concentration of mercury in the food chains means the ecosystem is under no severe negative impact.