bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arab and Jewish Mothers' Decisions Regarding Treatment of their Children with Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sheeny Amal Shehadeh , Goldblatt Hadass , Baron-Epel Orna 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The use of medication for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) differs globally, depending on ethnic group. In Israel, the prevalence of stimulant prescriptions for ADHD among Jewish children is four times higher than among Arab children. Ethnical differences may affect parents’ perceptions and attitudes towards diagnosing and treating ADHD. Therefore, it is important to identify differences in attitudes and beliefs towards diagnosis and treatment of ADHD among Arab and Jewish mothers and teachers, in order to understand what affects the mothers’ decision whether to medicate their child diagnosed with ADHD.Methods: A qualitative study including 23 in-depth interviews with mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD and 12 teachers (Arabs and Jews) from elementary schools in Northern Israel. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results: Data analysis revealed four themes, emphasizing the way mothers and teachers perceive ADHD differently in the two ethnic groups: (1) The degree of ADHD medicalization differed between the ethnic groups. Jewish mothers and teachers tended to perceive ADHD more as a medical problem, while Arab mothers and teachers perceived it more as a childhood social behavior; (2) Arab mothers reported guilt feelings in relation to ADHD diagnosis and treatment, whereas Jewish mothers felt sympathy and understanding towards their child; (3) Among Arab mothers, the social environment is a stronger influence than among Jewish mothers; and (4) Stigmatization was reported only by Arab mothers. Conclusions: Our study suggests that there are ethnical differences in the perception of ADHD that may explain the differences in its prevalence and treatment.
Remarkable piezoelectric properties in thin films of cellulose nanofibers after electrochemical poling
Authors: Sultana Ayesha , Alam Md. Mehebub , Pavlopoulou Eleni , Solano Eduardo , Berggren Magnus , Crispin Xavier , Zhao Dan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Internet-of-everything (IoE) is defined as networked connections of things, people, data and processes. IoE nodes, preferably shaped as printed flexible systems, serves as the frontier outpost of the Internet and comprises devices to record and regulate states and functions. To power distributed IoE nodes in an ecofriendly manner, technology to scavenge energy from ambience and self-powered devices are developed. For this, piezoelectricity is regarded as a key-property, however current technology typically based on polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) co-polymers, are expensive and produced via toxic protocols. We report piezoelectric characteristics of electrochemically poled cellulose nanofiber (CNFs) thin films processed from water dispersions. Poling these films at humid conditions cause breaking and reorientation of CNF segments, which results in enhanced crystal alignment rendering the resulting material piezoelectric. Generators based on poled CNF show similar piezoelectric voltage and coefficient, here measured to d33 = 46 pm/V, as for devices including PVDF copolymer layers of similar thickness. Our findings promise for low cost and printable ecofriendly piezoelectric-powered IoE nodes.
Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Key Role of Histone Deacetylation-mediated Phytohormones Interaction in Fiber Initiation of Cotton
Authors: Wei Zhenzhen , Li Yonghui , Ali Faiza , Wang Ye , Liu Jisheng , Yang Zuoren , Li Fuguang , Wang Zhi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Histone deacetylation is one of the most important epigenetic modifications and plays diverse roles in plant development. However, the detailed functions and mechanisms of histone deacetylation in fiber development of cotton are still unclear. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have been used commonly to study the molecular mechanism underlying histone deacetylation or to facilitate disease therapy in humans through hindering the histone deacetylase catalytic activity. Trichostatin A (TSA) - the most widely used HDACi has been used to determine the role of histone deacetylation on different developmental stages of plants. Results: Here, exogenous TSA was applied in the fiber initiation and elongation in vitro, and the results demonstrated the crucial role of histone deacetylation in fiber initiation regulation. Therefore, we made a transcriptomic analysis to reveal the underlying mechanisms. Through RNA-Seq analysis, the differentially expressed genes were mostly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction,phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism pathways, suggesting the potential role of phytohormone, phenylpropanoid metabolism, and energy metabolism downstream of histone deacetylation in fiber initiation. The phytohormone signal transduction pathways harbor the most differentially expressed genes. Deeper studies showed that some genes promoting auxin, Gibberellic Acid (GA), and Salicylic Acid (SA) signaling were down-regulated, while some genes facilitating Abscisic Acid (ABA) and inhibiting Jasmonic Acid (JA) singling were up-regulated after the TSA treatments. Conclusions: Collectively, we established a model, in which histone deacetylation can regulate some key genes involved in different phytohormone pathways, consequently, promoting the auxin, GA, JA and SA signaling, whereas, repressing the ABA signaling to improve the fiber cell initiation; besides that the genes associated with energy metabolism, phenylpropanoid, and glutathione metabolism were also involved in. The above results provided novel clues to illuminate the underlying mechanisms of epigenetic modifications as well as interactions of different phytohormones in fiber cell differentiation, which is also very valuable for molecular breeding of higher quality cotton.
Short Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Mortality in the US: A Case-Crossover Analysis
Authors: Liu Rongqi , Wei Yaguang , Qiu Xinye , Kosheleva Anna , Schwartz Joel D. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Studies examining the association of short-term air pollution exposure and daily deaths have typically been limited to cities and used citywide averages for exposure. This study aims to estimate the associations between short-term exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in multiple US states including rural areas.Methods: We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study examining the entire population of seven US states from 2000-2015, with over 3 million non-accidental deaths. Daily predictions of PM2.5, O3, and NO2 at 1x1 km grid cells across the contiguous US were linked to mortality based on census track and residential address. For each pollutant, we used conditional logistic regression to quantify the association between exposure and the relative risk of mortality conditioning on meteorological variables and other pollutants. Results: A 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure at the moving average of lag 0-1 day and 10 ppb increase in NO2 exposure at lag 0-3 day were significantly associated with a 0.67% (95%CI: 0.34-1.01%) and 0.20% (95%CI: 0.00-0.39%) increase in the risk of all-cause mortality, respectively. A marginally significant association for mortality was observed with each 10 ppb increase in O3 exposure at lag 0-3 day. The adverse effects of PM2.5 on all-cause mortality persisted when restricting the analysis at lower levels.. PM2.5 was also significantly associated with respiratory mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions: Short-term exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 is associated with increased risks for all-cause mortality. Our findings delivered evidence that risks of death persisted at levels below currently permissible.
An Automated and Putatively Versatile Approach for Labeling Peptides with Fluorine-18 Using the FastlabTM Synthesizer; Exemplified with Glu-the CO-Lys Pharmacophore
Authors: Olberg Dag Erlend , Hoareau Raphaël , Bach-Gansmo Tore , Cumming Paul 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Noninvasive molecular imaging using peptides and biomolecules labelled with positron emitters has become important for detection of cancer and other diseases with PET (positron emission tomography). The positron emitting radionuclide fluorine-18 is widely available in high yield from cyclotrons and has favorable decay (t1/2 109.7 min) and imaging properties. 18F-Labelling of biomolecules and peptides for use as radiotracers is customarily achieved in a two-step approach, which can be challenging to automate. 6-[18F]Fluoronicotinic acid 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl ester ([18F]F-Py-TFP) is a versatile 18F-prosthetic group for this purpose, which can be rapidly be produced in an one-step approach on solid support. This work details an automated procedure on the cassette-based GE FASTlabTM platform for the labeling of a peptidomimetic, exemplified by the case of using the Glu-CO-Lys motif to produce [18F]DCFPyL, a ligand targeting the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Results: From fluorine-18 delivery a fully automated two-step radiosynthesis of [18F]DCFPyL was completed in 56 min with an overall end of synthesis yield as high as 37% using SPE purification on the GE FASTlabTM platform. Conclusions: Putatively, this radiolabeling methodology is inherently amenable to automation with a diverse set of synthesis modules, and it should generalize for production of a broad spectrum of biomolecule-based radiotracers for use in PET imaging.
Shikonin Inhibits The Proliferation of Cervical Cancer Cells Via FAK/AKT/GSK3β Signalling
Authors: Xu Ziyan , Huang Liru , Zhang Tiantian , Liu Yuwei , Gong Mei , Wu Xinyue , Chen Wen , Lan Lingning , Zhang Yangbo , Li Na , Hu Ping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common female cancers worldwide, and it is one of the most lethal malignancies of the female reproductive system. Shikonin, a natural pigment of theophyllin, has a variety of biological activities and has shown significant inhibitory effects on a variety of tumours in vitro and in vivo. However, there are few studies on Shikonin in cervical cancer. In the present study, we found that Shikonin inhibited not only the proliferation but also the migration of cervical cancer cells. Our data showed that Shikonin inhibited the proliferation of HeLa and SiHa cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In cervical cancer cells, Shikonin not only inhibited the phosphorylation of FAK, AKT and GSK3β but also inhibited the phosphorylation of FAK, AKT and GSK3β induced by EGF. Further exploring the mechanism, we found that Shikonin could inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells by regulating the phosphorylation of the FAK/AKT/GSK3β pathway. In addition, Shikonin significantly inhibited cell migration and reduced the expression of proteins such as MTA1, TGFβ1 and VEGF. In conclusion, our study elucidated that Shikonin has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells, which may be mediated by the FAK/AKT/GSK3β signalling pathway. Our results suggest that Shikonin has the potential to become a clinical treatment for cervical cancer.
Multivariate Kalman Filtering for Spatio-Temporal Processes
Authors: Ferreira Guillermo , Mateu Jorge , Porcu Emilio , Alegría Alfredo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
An increasing interest in models for multivariate spatio-temporal processes has been noted in the last years. Some of these models are very flexible and can capture both marginal and cross spatial associations amongst the components of the multivariate process. In order to contribute to the statistical analysis of these models, this paper deals with the estimation and prediction of multivariate spatio-temporal processes by using multivariate state-space models. In this context, a multivariate spatio-temporal process is represented through the well-known Wold decomposition. Such an approach allows for an easy implementation of the Kalman filter to estimate linear temporal processes exhibiting both short and long range dependencies, together with a spatial correlation structure. We illustrate, through simulation experiments, that our method offers a good balance between statistical efficiency and computational complexity. Finally, we apply the method for the analysis of a bivariate dataset on average daily temperatures and maximum daily solar radiations from 21 meteorological stations located in a portion of south-central Chile.
Cranial Transposition and Revascularization of Autologous Omentum: A Novel Surgical Technique for Bypassing the Blood Brain Barrier after Resection of Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Doron Omer , Chen Tom , Wong Tamika , Tucker Amy , Constantino Peter , Andrews Robert , Langer David J , Boockvar John A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients continue to suffer a poor prognosis. The blood brain barrier (BBB) comprises one of the obstacles for therapy, creating a barrier that decreases the bioavailability of chemotherapeutic agents in the central nervous system. Previously, a vascularized temporoparietal fascial scalp flap (TPFF) lining the resection cavity was introduced in a trial conducted in our institution, in newly-diagnosed GBM patients in an attempt to bypass the BBB after initial resection. In this paper, we report on a new technique to bypass the BBB after re-resection and potentially to allow tumor antigens to be surveilled by the immune system .Objective: Assess the feasibility of performing a cranial transposition and revascularization of autologous omentum after re-resection of GBM.Methods: Laparoscopically harvested omental free flap was transposed to the resection cavity by a team consisting of neurosurgeons, otolaryngologists, and general surgeons. This was done as part of a single center, single arm, open-label, phase I study.Results: Autologous abdominal omental tissue was harvested laparoscopically on its vascularized pedicle in 2 patients, transposed as a free flap, revascularized using external carotid artery, and carefully laid into the tumor resection cavity. Patients did well postoperatively returning to baseline activities. Graft viability was confirmed by cerebral angiogram. Conclusion: Omental cranial transposition of a laparoscopically harvested, vascularized flap, into the cavity of re-resected GBM patients is feasible and safe in the short term. Further studies are needed to ascertain whether such technique can improve progression free survival and overall survival in these patients.
Three Antimitotic Compounds Found in Banana Pseudo-Stem By Using Earthworms.
Authors: Rajesh Chandran , Balaji Senthamarai Kannan , Ramesh Prakash , Selvapalam Narayanan , Palanichelvam Karuppaiah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To identify antimitotic compounds from abundant and inexpensive plant resources, banana pseudo-stem was (BPS) chosen. Onion root tip assay and earthworm regeneration assay were carried out to test theantimitotic potential of aqueous extract of BPS.Earthworm (Eudrilus eugeniae) regeneration assay exploits the regeneration ability of amputated earthworms that retain the clitellum region. Aqueous extract of BPS decreased the mitotic index in Allium cepa root tips. Besides, thisaqueous extract of BPS inhibited the regeneration of blastema from amputated earthworms as well. Validation of this extract with MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MCF-7 breast cancer cell linefurther supported the presence of antimitotic compounds. Aqueous BPS extract was further fractionated with ethyl acetateand it was found to inhibit the regeneration of new tissues from amputated earthworms. Liquid Chromatography and Mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis was performed with aqueousBPS extract to predict the lead compounds.Prediction analysis with mass values revealed the presence of three different compounds viz. α-tocotrienol, 1,2,4-nonadecanetriol and 3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone, which were already reported to inhibit the cell division. All our results strongly supported that banana pseudo-stem extract possesses antimitotic compounds. This is the first report of identification of putative antimitotic compounds from aqueous extract of Musa paradisiaca var. Robusta by using earthworms.
Implication of miR-155-5p and miR-143-3p in the Vascular Insulin Resistance and Instability of Human and Experimental Atherosclerotic Plaque
Authors: González-López Paula , Ares-Carral Carla , López-Pastor Andrea R. , Infante-Menéndez Jorge , Gonzalez-Illanes Tamara , Céniga Melina Vega , Esparza Leticia , Beneit Nuria , Martín-Ventura José Luis , Escribano Óscar , Gómez-Hernández Almudena 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of death in first world countries, being atherosclerosis, a recurring process underlying their apparition. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that modulate the expression of their target proteins. Therefore, they have emerged as key players in diseases like cancer, diabetes, or CVDs.Methods: Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice fed a standard type diet (STD) or high fat diet (HFD) for 8 and 18 weeks was compared to wild type (WT) STD-fed groups for the same time. 18 miRNAs were selected (from pubmed and GEO database) for their possible role in promoting atherosclerosis and were analysed by RT-qPCR in the aorta from the experimental model. Afterwards, the altered miRNAs in the aorta from 18 weeks-ApoE-/- mice were studied in human healthy aortic samples, human early aortic atherosclerotic plaques, and human advanced carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Results: From the 18 miRNAs analyzed, miR-155-5p was overexpressed and miR-143-3p was downregulated in mouse and human atherosclerotic lesions. In addition, a significant decrease of protein kinase B (AKT), target of miR-155-5p, and an increase of insulin-like growth factor type II receptor (IGF-IIR), target of miR-143-3p, were noted in aortic roots from ApoE-/- mice and in carotid plaques from ACA patients. Finally, both miRNAs were studied on vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cell lines. The overexpression of miR-155-5p reduced AKT levels and its phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle cells. MiR-143-3p overexpression decreased IGF-IIR reducing apoptosis in vascular cells. Conclusions: Our results suggest that miR-155-5p and miR-143-3p may be implicated in insulin resistance and plaque instability by the modulation of their targets AKT and IGF-IIR, contributing to the progression of experimental and human atherosclerosis.Trial Registration: authorization numbers PFS09-007 and PI1442016.
The Glycosyltransferases sdgA and sdgB Expression in Staphylococcus Epidermidis Depends On The Conditions of Biofilm Formation.
Authors: Gómez-Alonso Itzia S. , Estrada-Alemán Ilse D. , Martínez-García Sergio , Peralta Humberto , Quintana Erika T. , Guerrero-Barajas Claudia , Chávez-Cabrera Cipriano , Rodríguez-Martínez Sandra , Cancino-Diaz Mario E. , Cancino-Diaz Juan C. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Staphylococcus aureus’ SdrG protein is glycosylated by SdgA and SdgB for their protection against its degradation by the neutrophil’s cathepsin G. So far, there is not information about the role of Staphylococcus epidermidis’ SdgA nor SdgB in the production of biofilm, therefore the main of this work was to determine the distribution and expression of sdrG, sdgA and sdgB genes in S. epidermidis in conditions of biofilm. The frequency of the genes sdrG, sdgA and sdgB were evaluated by PCR in a collection of 75 isolates. The isolates were grown in dynamic conditions (in agitation) or static conditions (biofilm productor: planktonic or sessile cells). The expression of sdrG, sdgA and sdgB were determined by RT-qPCR in cells grown under dynamic conditions (CGDC), as well as planktonic and sessile cells, and in cells adhered to a catheter (in vivo). The genes sdrG and sdgB were detected in 100% of isolates, meanwhile the gene sdgA was detected in 71% of the samples (p<0.001). The CGDC did not expressed the sdrG, sdgA and sdgB mRNAs. The planktonic and sessile cells expressed sdrG and sdgB, and the same was seen in cells adhered to the catheter. In particular, one isolate, able to induce biofilm under cathepsin G treatment, expressed sdrG and sdgB in planktonic, sessile and in cells adhered to the catheter. This suggests that the state of cells adherence is an important factor for the transcription of sdgA, sdgB and sdrG.
Lipoxin Alleviates Diabetic Vascular Calcification via the YAP Pathway
Authors: Han Baihe , Yang Mengyue , Liu Qi , Wang Gang , Ma Xiaoxue , Liu Dandan , Huang Xingtao , Wang Xuedong , Zhang Ruoxi , Hou Jingbo , Yu Bo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Vascular calcification is highly prevalent in patients with diabetes and has detrimental consequences. However, no effective prevention and treatment methods are currently available. Extensive evidence has demonstrated the protective effect of lipoxin (LX) against vascular diseases. However, whether LX prevents diabetic vascular calcification remains unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that LX alleviated osteogenic differentiation and subsequent calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).Methods: In vitro, human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were incubated in osteogenic medium (OM) with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and LX to further determine the underlying mechanisms. An in vivo diabetic mouse model was established using a combination of a high-fat diet and multiple formulations of low-dose streptozotocin (STZ). Cell culture, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity, Alizarin red staining, von kossa staining, determination of calcium content, western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining and statistical analysis were used in our study. Results: AGEs dose-dependently induced calcification and expression of osteogenesis-related markers, including Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteopontin (OPN), and type I collagen (COL1), coupled with the activation of yes-associated protein (YAP). Mechanistically, YAP activation enhanced the AGE-induced osteogenic phenotype and calcification, but inhibition of YAP signalling alleviated this trend. Consistent with the in vitro results, diabetes promoted YAP expression as well as the subcellular localisation of the protein in the nucleus in the arterial tunica media. Interestingly, treatment with LX reduced vascular osteogenesis and calcification in diabetic mice, which was correlated with the reduced YAP levels. In addition, LX significantly inhibited COL1 accumulation and modulated the extracellular matrix. Our results further demonstrated that a pharmacological agonist of YAP reversed LX-mediated protection against osteogenic phenotypic conversion and calcification in VSMCs.Conclusions: These results demonstrate that LX attenuates transdifferentiation and calcification of VSMCs in diabetes mellitus via the YAP signalling axis, suggesting that LX is a potent therapeutic strategy to prevent diabetic vascular calcification.