bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covalent On‐Cell Conjugation of Biomaterials Through Oxidative Phenolic Coupling Regulates Stem Cell Fate via Intracellular Biophysical Programming
Authors: Johnbosco Castro , Becker Malin , Willemen Niels , Meteling Marieke , Govindaraj Kannan , Kamperman Tom , Leijten Jeroen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMechanotransduction is widely used to guide cell fate in hydrogels. Traditionally, hydrogels contain adhesive ligands that dynamically bond with cells to stimulate biochemical signaling axes such as YAP‐TAZ. However, the molecular toolbox to achieve mechanotransduction remains virtually limited to non‐covalent bonds, which limits the ability to program engineered living matter. Here, it is demonstrated that on‐cell chemistry can be leveraged to covalently tether biomaterials directly onto cells, that reveal mechanotransduction via intracellular biophysical programming. Specifically, droplet microfluidics is used to produce single‐cell microgels in which individual stem cells are covalently tethered to either soft or stiff hydrogels via on‐cell oxidative phenolic coupling. Investigation of mechanotransduction effects at single‐cell resolution reveals altered intracellular molecular crowding, calcium signaling, and chromatin organization by regulating cytoplasmic and nuclear volume in a stiffness‐dependent yet YAP/TAZ‐independent manner. Notably, the addition of conventional dynamic adhesive ligands such as RGDs decreases the chondrogenic commitment of stem cells indicating that covalent cell‐material tethering is both efficient and sufficient for programming cell fate. Hence, encoding biomaterials onto cells using covalent on‐cell chemistry to attain mechanotransduction expands the ability to guide cellular behavior, which can accelerate the development of in vitro drug‐screening models, biofabrication of lab‐grown meat, and engineered tissues.
Highly Crystalline Selenium‐Substituted C‐Shaped Ortho‐Benzodipyrrole‐Based A‐D‐A‐Type Nonfullerene Acceptor Enabling Solution‐Processed Single‐Crystal‐Like Thin Films for Air‐Stable, High‐Mobility N‐Type Transistors
Authors: Huang Kuo‐Hsiu , Tseng Chi‐Chun , Tsai Chia‐Lin , Xue Yung‐Jing , Lu Han‐Cheng , Lu Chia‐Fang , Chang Yung‐Yung , Huang Ching‐Li , Hsu I‐Jui , Lai Yu‐Ying , Zheng Yang‐Pei , Jiang Bing‐Huang , Chen Chih‐Ping , Chien Su‐Ying , Jeng U‐Ser , Hsu Chain‐Shu , Cheng Yen‐Ju 
Published: December 2024

AbstractC‐shaped ortho‐benzodipyrrole‐based A‐DNBND‐A non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs), derived from the removal of the A′ thiadiazole moiety in Y6, emerge as a new class of structurally simplified A‐D‐A‐type NFAs. In this work, a selenium‐substitution strategy is applied to the central DNBND ladder‐π‐core, yielding asymmetric CB‐Se and symmetric CB‐2Se. Asymmetric CB‐Se demonstrates a less ordered 3D trapezoid‐like packing structure, which promotes a more favorable intermixed donor‐acceptor morphology with PM6 polymer, achieving a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.87% in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). This value represents the highest reported value among the selenium‐incorporated A‐D‐A‐type NFAs. Symmetric CB‐2Se forms a kaleidoscope‐like 3D single‐crystal structure with enhanced intermolecular interactions. This enables the development of a single‐crystal‐like solution‐processed thin film, which transitions from a kinetically trapped face‐on π–π stacking orientation to a thermodynamically stable edge‐on configuration upon thermal annealing. The CB‐2Se‐based organic field‐effect transistor (OFET) achieved a remarkable electron mobility of 1.18 cm2 V−1 s−1 with exceptional n‐type air stability, which outperformed the corresponding A‐DNA′ND‐A‐type Y6‐based materials by two orders magnitudes and represents the highest reported value for solution‐processed n‐type OFETs utilizing A‐D‐A‐type small molecules.
Dynamically Spreading Shootable Adhesives Inspired by Dough Spinning
Authors: Cho Sungbum , Hong Changeui , Yoo Hyungwook , Ji Yonghwa , Lee Seungchan , Kim Meonggyun , Lee Minsung , Jung Dongwuk , Jung Daegyun , Kim Dongyeon , Lee Jaewook , Lee Jongho 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHaving the ability to attach an object to remote surfaces from a distance can be useful in a range of applications. While adhesive technologies have advanced significantly and are used in various ways, including in medical tools and robotics, most adhesives like tapes or glues are designed to be directly attached to physically accessible surfaces. Here, a new class of shootable adhesives is reported that can be deployed from a distance and dynamically spread out in mid‐air, transforming en‐route into a wide, thin disk shape that is ideal for conformal contact to diverse remote surfaces, including angled, stepped, and non‐planar ones. The usability and reliability of this approach are demonstrated by securely affixing various functional electronics, such as GPS units, cameras, and communication modules, as well as mechanical wires, to physically inaccessible surfaces by shooting from a distance.
Halide Tunable Perovskite Single Crystals as Efficient Photodetector
Authors: Han Sancan , Zhu Sihan , Fan Guohao , Huang Xingcan , Zhao Guangyao , Shi Rui , Huang Ya , Wu Mengge , Li Jian , Guo Yuan , Gao Yuyu , Zhuang Songlin , Cao Fa , Yu Xinge , Zhang Dawei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLead‐free perovskite single crystals (SCs) have made great progress in the field of optoelectronics. However, the desired large‐size Cs3Bi2X9 SCs (X = I/Br/Cl) with fast growth and high quality are still a great challenge. In this study, millimeter‐sized Cs3Bi2X9 SCs) are first prepared within 3 days by synergistic nucleation and supersaturation engineered method in a low‐temperature solution of ≈ 50 °C, which owns unprecedented advantages such as easily tunable different X element and fast growth period. Combined with the dynamics and thermodynamics of crystal growth, a layered growth model of Cs3Bi2Br9 (CBI) SCs is proposed through in situ observation of CBI SCs growth. The carrier dynamic behaviors of three different Cs3Bi2X9 SCs are investigated by ultrafast femtosecond transient absorption (fs‐TA). Furthermore, the electron transport dynamic of the (001) and (100) crystal faces of Cs3Bi2Br9 (CBB) is demonstrated by density functional theory calculations, evidencing the crystal facet‐dependent photoelectrical performance. What's more, optical imaging sensor based on 36 pixels Cs3Bi2Br9 photodetector with ultrahigh on/off ratio of 5909 and optical communication compiled with Morse code is achieved. This strategy to synthesize the CBX SCs is both conceptually simple and synthetically rapid, offers great potential for the development of free‐Pb perovskite single crystals.
Highly Efficient Self‐Healing of Fractured Ti3AlC2 MAX Phase Nanowires
Authors: Cui Junfeng , Hu Xiaofei , Zhang Lei , Yang Yingying , Li Youbing , Chen Guoxin , Tang Chun , Ke Peiling 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDespite extensive efforts devoted to developing self‐healing materials in the past half‐century, very limited successes are reported for ceramics or metals. Reported self‐healing materials usually have low healing strength (megapascal) and long healing time (hours), and the healing of ceramics or metals normally requires external stimuli. Here, we report on intrinsic, highly efficient self‐healing phenomena in Ti3AlC2 MAX phase nanowires at room temperature, which exhibit both ceramic and metallic properties. In situ transmission electron microscopy tensile testing reveals that the fracture strength of 2.1 GPa is achieved on the fractured Ti3AlC2 nanowire after self‐healing for 5 min, corresponding to the self‐healing efficiency of 36.2%, and the smaller the diameter, the higher the self‐healing efficiency. The underlying mechanisms are uncovered by atomic‐resolution characterizations combined with atomic simulations. The highly efficient self‐healing of Ti3AlC2 is attributed to the cleavage behavior, atomic migrations, and rebonding on fracture surfaces. Al atoms trapped between partially filled Al layers on both fracture surfaces act as obstacles for the TiAl rebonding and are responsible for the size effect. These findings provide new insights into developing high‐performance micro‐ or nano‐devices, especially those that require high security and long service lifetime.
Recent Advances in Microfluidics for Nucleic Acid Analysis of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer
Authors: Zhand Sareh , Goss Dale Mark , Cheng Yuen Yee , Warkiani Majid Ebrahimi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSmall extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are membranous vesicles released from cellular structures through plasma membrane budding. These vesicles contain cellular components such as proteins, lipids, mRNAs, microRNAs, long‐noncoding RNA, circular RNA, and double‐stranded DNA, originating from the cells they are shed from. Ranging in size from ≈25 to 300 nm and play critical roles in facilitating cell‐to‐cell communication by transporting signaling molecules. The discovery of sEVs in bodily fluids and their involvement in intercellular communication has revolutionized the fields of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, particularly in diseases like cancer. Conventional methods for isolating and analyzing sEVs, particularly their nucleic acid content face challenges including high costs, low purity, time‐consuming processes, limited standardization, and inconsistent yield. The development of microfluidic devices, enables improved precision in sorting, isolating, and molecular‐level separation using small sample volumes, and offers significant potential for the enhanced detection and monitoring of sEVs associated with cancer. These advanced techniques hold great promise for creating next‐generation diagnostic and prognostic tools given their possibility of being cost‐effective, simple to operate, etc. This comprehensive review explores the current state of research on microfluidic devices for the detection of sEV‐derived nucleic acids as biomarkers and their translation into practical point‐of‐care and clinical applications.
Defect Engineering of Metal‐Based Atomically Thin Materials for Catalyzing Small‐Molecule Conversion Reactions
Authors: Huo Juanjuan , Dou Yuhai , Wu Chao , Liu Huakun , Dou Shixue , Yuan Ding 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecently, metal‐based atomically thin materials (M‐ATMs) have experienced rapid development due to their large specific surface areas, abundant electrochemically accessible sites, attractive surface chemistry, and strong in‐plane chemical bonds. These characteristics make them highly desirable for energy‐related conversion reactions. However, the insufficient active sites and slow reaction kinetics leading to unsatisfactory electrocatalytic performance limited their commercial application. To address these issues, defect engineering of M‐ATMs has emerged to increase the active sites, modify the electronic structure, and enhance the catalytic reactivity and stability. This review provides a comprehensive summary of defect engineering strategies for M‐ATM nanostructures, including vacancy creation, heteroatom doping, amorphous phase/grain boundary generation, and heterointerface construction. Introducing recent advancements in the application of M‐ATMs in electrochemical small molecule conversion reactions (e.g., hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfur), which can contribute to a circular economy by recycling molecules like H2, O2, CO2, N2, and S. Furthermore, a crucial link between the reconstruction of atomic‐level structure and catalytic activity via analyzing the dynamic evolution of M‐ATMs during the reaction process is established. The review also outlines the challenges and prospects associated with M‐ATM‐based catalysts to inspire further research efforts in developing high‐performance M‐ATMs.
Formation of a Nanostructured Ti‐Si‐C‐N Coating by Self‐Organization with Reduced Amorphous Matrix
Authors: Thewes Alexander , Bröcker Lars , Reinders Phillip Marvin , Paschke Hanno , Brückner Tristan , Tillmann Wolfgang , Urbanczyk Julia , Lopes Dias Nelson Filipe , Paulus Michael , Sternemann Christian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA Ti‐Si‐C‐N coating is deposited on AISI H11 hot working steel by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to investigate its micro‐ and nanostructure as well as its mechanical and thermal properties. Instead of a nanocomposite structure consisting of randomly oriented nanocrystalline (nc‐) grains < 10 nm surround by an amorphous (a‐) matrix, as usually found for these systems, this Ti‐Si‐C‐N coating shows much larger Ti(C,N)‐grains with a preferred (200) orientation identify by X‐ray diffraction analysis. The strong texturing and grain sizes > 10 nm of the coating are confirmed by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy images. The coating's hardness is 46.3 GPa, making it equally hard to, e.g., nanocomposite Ti‐Si‐N coatings. These hardness values can only be achieved by a strong interface between a‐matrix and nc‐grains and small grain size. Despite 41.1 at.% carbon content, no significant quantity of a‐C is found, as evidenced by Raman spectroscopy analysis. In order to investigate the oxidation behavior of the coatings, X‐ray diffraction experiments are carried out at room temperature and in‐situ in ambient atmosphere at elevated temperatures. The room temperature measurement shows a strong texturing of the Ti(C,N) lattice and yielded additional information on an anisotropic grain size.
Facile Tensile Testing Platform for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy of Nanomaterials
Authors: Sari Bengisu , Dandu Medha , Wood Nathan , Hochhalter Jacob , Johnson Amalya C. , Doeff Marca , Liu Fang , Raja Archana , Scott Mary , Dhall Rohan , Warren Roseanne 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn situ tensile testing using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique to probe structure‐property relationships of materials at the atomic scale. In this work, a facile tensile testing platform for in situ characterization of materials inside a transmission electron microscope is demonstrated. The platform consists of: 1) a commercially available, flexible, electron‐transparent substrate (e.g., TEM grid) integrated with a conventional tensile testing holder, and 2) a finite element simulation providing quantification of specimen‐applied strain. The flexible substrate (carbon support film of the TEM grid) mitigates strain concentrations usually found in free‐standing films and enables in situ straining experiments to be performed on materials that cannot undergo localized thinning or focused ion beam lift‐out. The finite element simulation enables direct correlation of holder displacement with sample strain, providing upper and lower bounds of expected strain across the substrate. The tensile testing platform is validated for three disparate material systems: sputtered gold‐palladium, few‐layer transferred tungsten disulfide, and electrodeposited lithium, by measuring lattice strain from experimentally recorded electron diffraction data. The results show good agreement between experiment and simulation, providing confidence in the ability to transfer strain from holder to sample and relate TEM crystal structural observations with material mechanical properties.
Integration of Nanoengineering with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for the Development of Advanced Biosensing Platforms
Authors: Ebrahimi Farbod , Kumari Anjali , Dellinger Kristen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as a powerful tool for biomedical diagnosis, combining heightened sensitivity with molecular precision. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has further elevated its capabilities, refining data interpretation, pattern prediction, and bolstering diagnostic accuracy. This review chronicles advancements in SERS diagnostics, emphasizing the collaboration between ML and innovative nanostructures, substrates, and nanoprobes for SERS enhancement. The breakthroughs are highlighted in SERS‐based point‐of‐care techniques and the nuanced detection of key biomarkers, from nucleic acids to proteins and metabolites. The article also addresses prevailing challenges, such as the need for standardized SERS methodologies and optimized platforms. Moreover, the potential of portable SERS systems is discussed for clinical deployment, as well as current efforts and challenges in clinical trials. In essence, this review positions the fusion of nanoengineering, AI, ML, and SERS as the frontier for next‐generation biomedical diagnostics.
Dynamic Stabilization of Cuδ+ in Heterostructured Ag0‐CuAgOx for High‐Performing Nitrate Electroreduction
Authors: Huang Hong , Zhang Yechuan , Chen Wenjiang , Chen Jinli , Zou Xuhui , Lv Jing‐Jing , Chen Xueqiu , Shen Zhangfeng , Ge Zhigang , Guo Longhua , Yao Yonggang , Wang Yangang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOxide‐derived copper (OD‐Cu) has exhibited significant promise in nitrate electroreduction reaction (NO3RR) due to their hybrid Cu oxide states (Cuδ+) for stabilizing key reaction intermediates. However, owing to the intrinsic vulnerability of Cuδ+ reduction during NO3RR, it is still challenging to develop highly active and durable OD‐Cu catalysts. Herein, a unique strategy is reported to stabilize the Cu+ state by dynamically introducing metallic Ag clusters in the oxidized CuAgOx nanosheets to form heterostructure Ag0‐CuAgOx. Operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy reveal a strong correlation between NH3 production and Cuδ+ content in Ag0‐CuAgOx, with peak performance achieved when Cu+ is maximized. Ag0 acts as an electron acceptor, preventing the over‐reduction of Cuδ+ during NO3RR. The stabilized Cu+ in Ag0‐CuAgOx helps achieve outstanding long‐term stability of 400 h for NH3 production, surpassing most of the state‐of‐the‐art Cu‐based electrocatalysts. Computational studies and ultraviolet photoelectron spectrometer confirm that Ag0 functions as the electronic buffer and enables electron transfer from Cu2O to Ag to generate electron‐deficient Cu sites, thus turning the Cu d‐band center with favorable adsorption energies for key intermediates to facilitate NH3 formation. The study paves the way to develop valence‐stabilized catalysts for a range of electroreduction reactions.
Unveiling the gaps: Assessing LGBTQIA+ inclusivity on emergency medicine residency websites—An analysis of pronoun usage, diversity pages, and LGBTQIA+ sections
Authors: Blum Eliot H. , Lall Michelle D. , Awad Christopher S. , Jenkins Lauren , Kulp MSc David R. G. , Hoang Khiem H. N. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite progress in promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in medical education, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, asexual, and more (LGBTQIA+) individuals remain underrepresented and often face barriers to equitable advancement. Emergency medicine (EM) residency programs are instrumental in creating inclusive environments that attract diverse applicants and support LGBTQIA+ trainees. Since the COVID‐19 pandemic's shift to virtual recruitment, residency websites have become vital tools for communicating DEI initiatives. This study examines LGBTQIA+ inclusivity on EM residency websites, focusing on the visibility of resident pronouns, diversity pages, and LGBTQIA+ subsections.MethodsWe conducted a review of 282 EM residency program websites listed on the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) between August and October 2023. Websites were assessed for the presence of pronouns on resident biographies, dedicated diversity pages, and LGBTQIA+ content. Data were stratified by geographic region and analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsAmong the websites reviewed, 4.3% displayed resident pronouns, 31.2% had dedicated diversity pages, and 3.9% included LGBTQIA+ subsections. The Midwest region had the highest proportion of programs featuring resident pronouns (5/70), while the West region led in diversity pages (14/32) and LGBTQIA+ content (4/32).DiscussionThe limited visibility of LGBTQIA+ content and pronouns across EM residency websites suggests an underutilization of online platforms to promote inclusivity. With virtual recruitment now standard, these websites are critical for conveying program culture to prospective applicants. Displaying pronouns, DEI pages, and LGBTQIA+‐specific content can foster a welcoming environment and signal support to diverse applicants. Programs in regions with stronger DEI representation could serve as models for others, sharing best practices in promoting inclusivity.ConclusionsEnhancing DEI visibility on EM residency websites may positively influence perceptions and engagement among LGBTQIA+ applicants, fostering more inclusive and equitable training environments that align with the needs of diverse trainees in emergency medicine.
Supporting young people transition from care to independence: Exploring the impact of coaching in Uniting's youth transitions programs
Authors: Flanagan Victoria 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhen young people exit out‐of‐home care, they face high rates of social and economic marginalisation, as well as poor health and educational outcomes. Although there is limited longitudinal research available on the specific types of post‐care support that are most effective, a number of smaller studies show that young people can avoid these negative life trajectories if provided with assistance and advice as they transition from care to independence. Uniting NSW.ACT delivers multiple programs designed to support young people as they transition from care to adulthood, including Foyer Central, the Extended Care Pilot Program, the Premier's Youth Initiative and Futures Support and Planning (led by the Burrun Dalai Aboriginal Corporation in partnership with Uniting). This article draws on evidence from the independent evaluations of each of these programs to explore the nature of the coaching relationship and to argue that it should indeed be adopted in NSW, due to its beneficial impact on young people and ability to help them achieve positive outcomes in housing, employment and education.
Detaillierte Ökobilanzdaten für spezifische Betonsorten hergestellt in Österreich
Authors: Hausberger Lukas , Ressler Christoph , Cordes Tobias , Gschösser Florian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDer weltweit meist eingesetzte Baustoff ist Beton. Die zahlreichen Eigenschaften wie Vielseitigkeit, Verfügbarkeit, Dauerhaftigkeit etc. tragen zur breiten Anwendung bei. Trotz der häufigen Verwendung stehen Ökobilanzierer:innen oftmals vor der Problematik, den passendsten Ökodatensatz für Beton zu wählen. Daher finden oftmals unspezifische Daten bei der Ökobilanz Anwendung. Folgende ökobilanzielle Untersuchung widmet sich in Kooperation mit der österreichischen Transportbetonbranche und der Brenner Basistunnel BBT SE der Ermittlung von detaillierten spezifischen Beton‐Ökodaten für die Herstellungsphase A1–A3. Ökobilanzierungen sollen dadurch künftig weiter unterstützt werden. Die Ergebnisse werden dabei für das „Treibhausgaspotenzial gesamt“ und zehn weitere Wirkungsindikatoren präsentiert. Ein durchschnittlicher Beton C25/30 emittiert hierbei 179,1 kg CO2eq pro m3.