bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Different Low‐Dose Platelet Inhibitors in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Bayesian Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Chunxing , Ren Zhao , Liu Jia , Liang Shuo , Liu Hua , Wang Dongxiao , Wang Yue , Wang Yumin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe optimal low‐dose antiplatelet agents in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) had not been determined. The objective of this study was to compare the impact of different low‐dose antiplatelet agents on cardiovascular outcomes and bleeding risks in patients with CHD.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, WanFang Data, and China Biology Medicine. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling patients with CHD treated with different low‐dose platelet aggregation inhibitors were included. The revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials Risk was used to assess risk of bias in RCTs. A Bayesian random network meta‐analysis (NMA) was conducted, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as effect estimates in R 4.2.2 software and Stata 15.0. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Confidence in NMA framework.ResultsSixteen RCTs involving 6350 patients were included. All participants were treated with a recommended dose of aspirin plus a low or standard dose of P2Y12 receptor antagonist. Low‐level evidence indicated the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was similar among low doses of prasugrel, ticagrelor, standard doses of prasugrel, ticagrelor, and clopidogrel. Low‐ to moderate‐level evidence suggested there was no difference in bleeding risk among low dose of prasugrel, ticagrelor, clopidogrel compared to standard dose of prasugrel, ticagrelor, and clopidogrel. NMA showed that low dose of prasugrel had the highest probability of being the best intervention in terms of MACE, myocardial infarction, and bleeding events leading to discontinuation.ConclusionBased on low‐level evidence, low dose of prasugrel combined with standard dose of aspirin can be recommended for patients with CHD, low dose of ticagrelor was similar in terms of MACE and bleeding compared with standard dose of P2Y12 receptor antagonist.The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO with the registration number CRD42023438376.
The Disappearing Index Effect
Authors: GREENWOOD ROBIN , SAMMON MARCO 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe abnormal return associated with a stock being added to the S&P 500 has fallen from an average of 7.4% in the 1990s to less than 1% over the past decade. This has occurred despite a significant increase in the share of stock market assets linked to the index. A similar pattern has occurred for index deletions, with large negative abnormal returns during the 1990s but an average return of only 0.1% between 2010 and 2020. We investigate the drivers of this phenomenon and discuss implications for market efficiency. We document a similar decline in the index effect among other families of indices.
Research on autonomous path planning and tracking control methods for unmanned electric shovels
Authors: Tan Xiaodan , Wang Guoqiang , Wu Guohua , Yao Zongwei , Wang Yongpeng , Huang Qingxue 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAchieving fully unmanned operations in large‐scale excavating machinery relies on robust autonomous driving capabilities. Electric shovels, with their steering limitations and reversing difficulties, present unique challenges, compared to lighter, high‐speed‐tracked vehicles. This paper explores these operational and technical challenges and introduces a trajectory planning scheme combining the Guidance‐Hybrid A* algorithm with the dynamic window approach. A high‐precision tracking controller with adjustable factors was also developed. Simulation results show that this approach enhances path‐searching efficiency and prevents reversing paths, with heading error control within 5°. Prototype experiments confirmed the controller's superiority in computational response speed and control stability, maintaining high precision at 0.1 m.
Ralstonia solanacearum Alters Root Developmental Programmes in Auxin‐Dependent and ‐Independent Manners
Authors: Zhang Lu , Yu Gang , Xue Hao , Li Meng , Lozano‐Durán Rosa , Macho Alberto P. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMicrobial pathogens and other parasites can modify the development of their hosts, either as a target or a side effect of their virulence activities. The plant‐pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, causal agent of the devastating bacterial wilt disease, is a soilborne microbe that invades host plants through their roots and later proliferates in xylem vessels. In this work, we studied the early stages of R. solanacearum infection in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, using an in vitro infection system. In addition to the previously reported inhibition of primary root length and increase in root hair formation at the root tip, we observed an earlier xylem differentiation during R. solanacearum infection that occurs in a HrpG‐dependent manner, suggesting that the pathogen actively promotes the development of the vascular system upon invasion of the root. Moreover, we found that the phytohormone auxin, of which the accumulation is promoted by the bacterial infection, is required for the R. solanacearum‐triggered induction of root hair formation but not earlier xylem differentiation. Altogether, our results shed light on the capacity of R. solanacearum to induce alterations of root developmental pathways and on the role of auxin in this process.
Feedback Survey for an Online Learning Module: Developing and Validating a Scale to Measure Nursing Students' Self‐Assessed Knowledge and Perceptions of Older People and Confidence in Working With Them
Authors: Dahlke Sherry , Hunter Kathleen F. , Butler Jeffrey I. , Pietrosanu Matthew 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeTo determine if an online learning module on older people's care improved nursing students' self‐assessed knowledge, and perceptions of older people, we developed a brief Feedback Survey. The aim of this study was to examine the internal consistency (a type of reliability) and construct validity of the feedback survey.Design and MethodsSecondary analysis of data from the Awakening Canadian's to Ageism and McCalla e‐learning intervention studies for postsecondary nursing students. Factor analysis and reliability analysis (via standardised Cronbach's alpha) were performed on the four‐question, five‐point Likert‐type Feedback Survey, which was included in both intervention studies.ResultsFactor analysis yielded one factor interpretable as general satisfaction in students' experience with the module and perceived benefits of having completed it. Standardised Cronbach's alpha for this scale was high at 0.92, which suggests excellent internal consistency.Implications for PracticeThe feedback survey is a convenient and time‐efficient measure to examine student nurses' self‐assessed improvements in knowledge, perceptions about older people. The survey has potential for adaptation to measure perceived outcomes of other nursing student‐ focused education.
Genome of root celery and population genomic analysis reveal the complex breeding history of celery
Authors: Lai Enhui , Guo Sumin , Wu Pan , Qu Minghao , Yu Xiaofen , Hao Chenlu , Li Shan , Peng Haixu , Yi Yating , Zhou Miao , Fu Guodong , Li Xingnuo , Liu Huan , Zheng Yi , Wang Xin , Fei Zhangjun , Gao Lei 
Published: December 2024

SummaryCelery (Apium graveolens L.) is an important vegetable crop in the Apiaceae family. It comprises three botanical varieties: common celery with solid and succulent petioles, celeriac or root celery with enlarged and fleshy hypocotyls and smallage or leaf celery with slender, leafy and usually hollow petioles. Here we present a chromosome‐level genome assembly of a celeriac cultivar and a comprehensive genome variation map constructed through resequencing of 177 representative celery accessions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that smallage from the Mediterranean region represented the most ancient type of cultivated celery. Following initial domestication in this region, artificial selection has primarily aimed at enlarging the hypocotyl, resulting in celeriac, and at solidifying the petiole, leading to common celery. Selective sweep analysis and genome‐wide association study identified several genes associated with hypocotyl expansion and revealed that the hollow/solid petiole trait directly correlated with the presence/absence of a NAC gene. Our study elucidates the complex breeding history of celery and provides valuable genomic resources and molecular insights for future celery improvement and conservation efforts.
Aggregation assisted enhancement of singlet oxygen generation by 4‐ethynylphenyl substituted porphyrin photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Monisha Sekar , Myithili Thangavel , Ajithkumar Samuthirakani , Sudharsan Kumaresan , Keerthana Thangaraj , Sarikalakshmi Baskaran , Pandi Mohan , Kalimuthu Palanisamy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractModulating the photophysical properties of photosensitizers is an effective approach to enhance singlet oxygen generation for photodynamic therapy. Porphyrins are the most widely used photosensitizers due to their biocompatible nature. Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics of photosensitizers are one of the advantageous features that will enhance fluorescence, intersystem crossing, and efficient triplet state generation. Herein, we demonstrate two glycosylated porphyrin photosensitizers, ZnGEPOH (with two ethynyl groups) and ZnGPOH (without two ethynyl groups), which exhibit AIE. Detailed studies revealed that ZnGEPOH exhibited a two‐fold increase in singlet oxygen production than ZnGPOH due to AIE. The photo‐cytotoxicity of ZnGPOH and ZnGEPOH were evaluated using cancer cell lines A549 and AGS. ZnGEPOH shows superior photo‐cytotoxicity with cell viability of 21% and 19% for A549 and AGS, respectively, at 250 μg/mL concentration in 48 h. Moreover, ZnGEPOH exhibits minimal photo‐cytotoxicity towards the control cell line HEK 293.
Invasive cervical root resorption in a cancer patient: A rare case report with 2 years of follow‐up and literature review
Authors: Mota Maria Emília , Alves Fábio Abreu , Jaguar Graziella Chagas , Migliorati Cesar Augusto , Martins Manoela Domingues , Schroter Gabriella Torres , Pinto Clovis Antonio , Moreira Maria Stella 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionCases involving invasive cervical root resorption (ICRR) in oncological patients are rare, in addition, follow‐up of these patients has not yet been reported in the literature.ObjectiveThis study aims to present a literature review and report a case of denosumab as a possible cause of ICRR in a patient with breast cancer with 2 years of follow‐up.Case reportA 39‐year‐old female with a history of luminal breast cancer was treated with denosumab semiannually for osteopenia with discontinuation 1 year ago. Oral examination revealed areas of ICRR lesions on two mandibular teeth. The patient presented irreversible pulpitis on the lower left first molar (#19). The lower right first premolar (#28) was asymptomatic, and the resorption cavity was restricted to the tooth crown. Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) established the ICRR 2Bp and 2Ad diagnosis in teeth #19 and #28, respectively. Periodontal surgery and a nonsurgical root canal were performed in the molar and restorative treatment was performed in the premolar. Two years after treatment, both teeth were functional and asymptomatic, and probing was within normal limits (< 3 mm) without bleeding. Periapical radiographic examination revealed no progression of resorption nor new lesions.ConclusionsThis article highlights a rare adverse effect of an antiresorptive therapy, unfamiliar to most clinicians and specialists. In addition, it emphasizes that the early diagnosis and follow‐up of ICRR are relevant and can provide successful treatment, avoiding infections and extractions.
Investigating the impact of oral health status on the prevalence of falls among caregivers and non‐caregivers in the United States: A retrospective study
Authors: Alshanbari Mohammed , Bouldin Erin , Alhazmi Hesham , Knapp Kenneth 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveExamining the association between oral health and the prevalence of falls among US caregivers.BackgroundThere is a scarcity of research on the association between oral health status and the prevalence of falls among older adults and caregivers.Materials and methodsData from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) surveys from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed. The analysis was limited to individuals aged 45 years and older (n = 97 550). The outcome variable was if a person had fallen at least once during the past 12 months. The main predictor variables were the number of teeth removed, the last dentist visit, and caregiver status. Data were analyzed using bivariate descriptive statistics, chi‐square tests, and logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs).ResultsHaving one to five teeth removed was linked to an increased prevalence of falls [AOR: 1.13, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.02–1.25, p = .017] and was highest for complete tooth loss (AOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.15–1.58, p < .001). Caregivers had increased fall odds (AOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.10–1.38, p < .001). Caregivers’ prevalence of fall increases with six or more teeth removed (AOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.02–1.94, p = .038) and all teeth removed (AOR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.03–2.09, p = .030). Dental visits in the past year were associated with a 21% reduced fall risk for caregivers (AOR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64–0.98, p = .035).ConclusionThe study showed that maintaining good oral health and utilizing dental services may be associated with lower fall risks, particularly among caregivers, suggesting the need for integrating oral health into fall prevention strategies.
Long‐Term High‐Intensity Interval Training Intervention Improves Emotional Conflict Control in Association With Right Ventrolateral Prefrontal Activation in Males With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: He Meiheng , Wang Lili , Xu Ding , Liu Ying , Zhu Xiangru , Zhu Dong , Yang Suyong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAcute high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) has cognitive benefits in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD), yet it remains largely unknown the benefits of long‐term HIIT on emotional conflict control and its neural mechanism in individuals with MUD. The current study conducted a 36‐week low‐volume HIIT intervention to investigate the effects of HIIT on emotional conflict control in males with MUD and their prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation. This study was a sub‐study of the Study for Rehabilitation Training Model Construction and Training Effect of High Intensity Compound Exercise Prescription. Forty males with MUD (31.50 ± 4.33 years) were randomly assigned to the HIIT group and control group. The HIIT group received a 36‐week low‐volume HIIT intervention, while the control group maintained daily physical exercise. The emotional conflict task (emotional face‐word Stroop task) with functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) recording and subjective craving test were performed before and after the intervention. The results showed that the HIIT intervention reduced the emotional conflict and increased cortical activations of right dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) and right ventrolateral PFC (vlPFC). More importantly, the HIIT‐induced decreased emotional conflict was associated significantly with increased right vlPFC activation. In addition, subjective craving was also reduced after HIIT intervention. While the control group showed significant changes in neither brain activation nor the craving. These findings suggest that long‐term low‐volume HIIT can improve PFC activation, promote emotional conflict control, and reduce subjective craving in males with MUD. HIIT seems to be an effective method of withdrawal rehabilitation for males with MUD.
Use of intraoperative transsplenic injection of agitated saline to confirm temporary full attenuation of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs
Authors: García Juan A. , Reina Fernando , Romero Rafael , Macías Carlos , Ramírez Juan M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the use of intraoperative transsplenic injection of agitated saline (TIAS) and confirm temporarily full attenuation of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (EHPSS) in dogs.Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsA total of 40 dogs.MethodsMedical records of dogs that underwent surgical attenuation of EHPSS between January 2014 and May 2021 were reviewed. A ventral midline celiotomy was performed, the EHPSS identified and dissected, and temporal occlusion performed using Rummel tourniquets or silicone vascular loops. A wide range microconvex transducer was used to visualize the right atrium via a subxiphoid acoustic window. Agitated saline was injected into the splenic parenchyma while the right atrium was ultrasonographically monitored before and after temporary occlusion of the EHPSS. Case details, intra‐ and postoperative findings, and long‐term outcome were recorded.ResultsThe agitated saline was immediately identified within the right atrium after injection into the splenic parenchyma before temporary occlusion of the EHPSS in all cases. After temporary occlusion, the agitated saline was not observed within the right heart, except in two dogs in which a second vessel bypassing the liver circulation was identified. No intra‐ or postoperative complications were recorded. Long‐term clinical outcome was considered good to excellent in all cases.ConclusionIntraoperative TIAS confirmed temporary full attenuation of EHPSS.Clinical significanceIntraoperative TIAS is an easy, safe and reproducible technique to assess intraoperative full occlusion of EHPSS.
Intra‐ and inter‐session reliability and repeatability of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining total creatine concentrations in multiple brain regions
Authors: Pratt Jedd , McStravick James , Kennerley Aneurin J. , Sale Craig 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUsing proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) to determine total creatine (tCr) concentrations will become increasingly prevalent, as the role of creatine (Cr) in supporting brain health gains interest. Methodological limitations and margins of error in repeated 1H MRS, which often surpass reported effects of supplementation, permeate existing literature. We examined the intra‐ and inter‐session reliability and repeatability of 1H MRS for determining tCr concentrations across multiple brain regions (midbrain, visual cortex and frontal cortex). Eighteen healthy adults aged 20–32 years were recruited (50% female; n = 14 intra‐session; n = 15 inter‐session). 1H Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy were completed at 3 T. Intra‐session analyses involved repeated 1H MRS of the midbrain, visual cortex and frontal cortex without participant or voxel repositioning, whereas inter‐session analyses involved measurements of the same regions, but with participant and voxel repositioning between repeated measurements. The 1H MRS data (174 spectra) were analysed using TARQUIN and OSPREY, and voxel fractions (grey/white matter and CSF) were determined using segmentation. Our findings show that tCr concentrations can be determined reliably and repeatably using 1H MRS, within an error of <2%, and that large inter‐regional differences in tCr concentration are present in the human brain. We provide new minimum detectable change data for tCr concentrations, a detailed discussion of the inherent error sources in repeated 1H MRS, including the substantial effect of the analysis package on tCr quantification, and suggestions for how these should be managed to improve the interpretability and clinical value of future research. More studies are needed to determine whether our findings can be replicated in other centres and different populations.
Comparison of Vortex Structures and Turbulent Heat Transport for a Single Jet and Multiple Jets in Crossflow
Authors: Hu Xidong , Onishi Ryo , Qian Shaoxiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Large eddy simulations (LESs) were conducted for a single jet and five spanwise jets with a jet-to-jet spacing of 1.6D (jet nozzle diameter). The jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio was 3.3, and the Reynolds number based on the crossflow velocity was 2100. The verification study demonstrates that the present LES can reproduce the typical vortex structures of a single jet in crossflow and provide a good prediction accuracy. The principal finding is that the counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP) is formed only in a very short distance in the multiple jets and cannot evolve further owing to the significant constraint in the spanwise direction and strong stretch in the streamwise direction. The hanging vortex in the multiple jets is split into two disconnected parts, yielding an elongated cat-ear-shaped vortex on the lateral side of the upper jet body. A pulsating jet flow pattern forms in the space between the adjacent jets with a frequency of 32 Hz, which subsequently generates many small vortexes downstream of the jet. The absolute turbulent heat fluxes |〈u′T′〉| at the rear of the jet and |〈w′T′〉| in the border between the adjacent jets were larger owing to the generation of numerous pulsating jet flows in the space between the adjacent jets.
Associations of 24-hr Movement Behaviors With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults Receiving Outpatient Rehabilitation: A Compositional Time-Use Analysis
Authors: Peiris Casey L. , Taylor Nicholas F. , Verswijveren Simone J.J.M. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Research suggests associations between physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and metabolic syndrome, but most has focused on healthy populations and individual behaviors. We investigated associations of 24-hr movement behavior compositions with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome in adults receiving rehabilitation for other health conditions. Method: This cross-sectional study assessed 24-hr movement behaviors using thigh-worn accelerometers and metabolic outcomes via blood analyses in 145 adults attending outpatient rehabilitation. Regression models tested associations of five 24-hr time-use behaviors (time in bed, sedentary time, standing, light-intensity stepping, and moderate- to vigorous-intensity stepping) with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome severity score (a cumulative measure of risk derived from metabolic risk factors). Results: Participants (64 [SD 12] years old; 52% women; 66% with metabolic syndrome, with 6 [SD 0.7] days of 24-hr data) spent 41% of a 24-hr day sedentary, 15% standing, 3% in light-intensity stepping, 2% in moderate- to vigorous-intensity stepping, and 38% in bed. Adjusted models indicated that a higher proportion of light-intensity stepping was associated with lower triglycerides, more time in bed was associated with a higher metabolic syndrome severity score, and more time stepping was associated with a lower metabolic syndrome severity score. There was no evidence of associations between the overall compositions and outcomes. Conclusion: The consistently observed small proportions of physical activity, with lack of variation between participants, may not be sufficient to counteract the impact of high sedentary time on metabolic outcomes in adults attending outpatient rehabilitation. Implications: Future research may focus on exploring ways to increase light-intensity stepping in sedentary older adults with various health conditions.