bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Problem of the Uniqueness of Ambrosiaster on the Material of his Commentary on the Epistle of St. Paul to the Romans
Authors: Тихонов Феодорит , Лысевич Андрей 
Published: November 2021

Амвросиаст, анонимный римский экзегет IV в., известный рядом комментариев на отдельные места и книги Священного Писания. Самой крупной его работой является корпус из XIII комментариев на послания ап. Павла, среди которых центральное место занимает толкование на послание ап. Павла к Римлянам. Вопрос литературного влияния на формирование стиля и идей Амвросиаста остаётся до сих пор не вполне выясненным. И хотя исследований о литературных связях изучаемого автора с прочими латинскими писателями существует довольно много, но работы о его связях с восточными экзегетами практически отсутствуют. При этом некоторые учёные отмечают сходства экзегетического подхода и некоторых идей Амвросиаста с традицией Антиохийской школы. В настоящей статье предпринимается попытка систематизировать сведения о литературных связях и зависимости Амвросиаста, а также описываются результаты сравнительного анализа толкований римского экзегета и Диодора Тарсийского на послание ап. Павла к Римлянам. Делается вывод о необходимости и перспективах более глубокого исследования литературной взаимозависимости Диодора Тарсийского и Амвросиаста.
Ambrosiaster, an anonymous Roman exegete of the 4th century, known for a number of commentaries on certain passages and books of Holy Scripture. His largest work is the corpus of the XIII Commentaries on the Epistles of St. Paul, among which the central place is occupied by the interpretation of the epistle of St. Paul to the Romans. The question of literary influence on the formation of the style and ideas of Ambrosiaster remains still not entirely clear. And although there are quite a lot of studies on the literary connections of the studied author with other Latin writers, there are practically no works on his connections with Eastern exegetes. At the same time, some scholars note the similarities between the exegetical approach and some ideas of Ambrosiaster with the tradition of the Antiochian school. This article attempts to systematize information about the literary connections and dependence of Ambrosiaster, and also describes the results of a comparative analysis of the interpretations of the Roman exegete and Diodorus of Tarsus on the epistle of St. Paul to the Romans. The conclusion is made about the necessity and prospects of a deeper study of the literary interdependence of Diodorus of Tarsus and Ambrosiaster.
The Place of Notions «Fault» and «Sin» in the Worldview of the Ancient Slavs (The Experience of Historical-Cultural Reconstruction of Ideas Based on the Linguistic Data)
Authors: Корытко Олег 
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматриваются особенности восприятия категорий «вины» и «греха» в контексте мировоззрения славян дохристианской эпохи. Лингвистическая реконструкция, привлечение диалектных данных, религиоведческий анализ близких понятий позволяют сделать вывод о том, что первоначальное использование лексемы «вина», скорее всего, осмыслялось в правовом ключе и было связано с восстановлением порядка и возмещением причинённого ущерба. В статье установлена архаическая связь категории греха как нравственной ошибки с идеей кривизны и промаха, которая обнаруживает себя при сопоставлении данных славянских и балтийских языков, а также в типологическом анализе схожих моделей переноса значений в ряде древних языков. Автор указывает на наличие архаического восприятия этих двух важнейших для религиозного миросозерцания категорий, в том числе, и в современной народной жизни. Кроме того, в статье утверждается, что, благодаря переводческой и - шире - созидательной, «инженерной» лингвистической деятельности святых равноапостольных братьев Кирилла и Мефодия, традиционные для славянского языка понятия «грех» и «вина» получили более глубокое осмысление и были обогащены религиозным содержанием. Данное обстоятельство служит одним из примеров, демонстрирующих специфику русской православной религиозности.
The article covers the perception peculiarities of the categories of «guilt» and «sin» in the context of the Slavs’ worldview in the pre-Christian era. Linguistic reconstruction, the use of dialectal data, and religious studies analysis of similar concepts allow to conclude that the initial use of the lexeme «guilt» most likely had a legal interpretation and was associated with the restoring of order and compensation for the damage caused. The article identifies an archaic connection between the category of «sin» as a moral mistake and the idea of «curvature» and «blunder», which reveals itself when comparing data from the Slavic and Baltic languages, as well as in the typological analysis of similar models of meaning transfer in several ancient languages. The author points out the presence of an archaic perception of these two, most important for the religious outlook, categories, including in modern folklife. In addition, the article claims that thanks to the translator’s and, more broadly, creative «engineer’s» linguistic activity of the holy Equal-to-the-Apostles brothers Cyril and Methodius, the concepts of «sin» and «guilt», traditional for the Slavic language, received a deeper understanding and were saturated with religious content. This fact serves as one of the examples that demonstrates the specifics of Russian Orthodox religiosity.
Analysis of information asymmetry in the instructions for medical use on the example of Enterol
Authors: Чухрай І. Л. , Шунькіна С. Є. 
Published: November 2021

There may be variations in the texts of instructions for medical use of medicines (hereinafter – the instructions) containing the same active pharmaceutical ingredient, and registered in the pharmaceutical markets of different countries. First of all this applies to medicines manufactured in one country and distributed to other countries. Therefore, there are questions related to incorrect use of medicines due to the existing asymmetry of information. This problem is especially relevant in connection with tourist activity and labour migration.
The aim of the study was to identify discrepancies in the instructions of Enterol, registered in different countries.
The materials of the study were the registers of medicines in France, Ukraine, Belarus, Bulgaria, Poland, the Czech Republic and Russia, as well as the texts of instructions of Enterol (Biocodex, France), registered in the above countries. Methods of generalization, systematization, as well as contextual and comparative analysis were used.
It was found that the original (French) instruction has two indications for the use of Enterol (treatment of acute diarrhea in children under 12 years old; prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile or recurrence of diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile), while Belarusian and Russian instructions have one indication. Polish instruction contains 5 indications, while Bulgarian and Czech – 8. The largest number of indications for the use of Enterol (11) is given in Ukrainian instruction.
A contradictory information is in the sections «Therapeutic Indications», «Posology and method of administration», «Contraindications», «Undesirable effects», «Special warnings and precautions for use», including «Pregnancy and lactation». In the text of one instruction there is no information available in the text of another, and none of the instructions is identical to the instructions of Enterol, registered in France (country of manufacture). Actually, these information discrepancies, as well as the patient's perception of information, can lead to improper use of medicines and, as a consequence, drug-related problems. Thus, to minimize the asymmetry of information, the applicant during the registration of the drug must submit a notarized translation of the manufacturer's instructions.
Evaluation of chemical resistance inducers in maradol papaya against Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica
Authors: Ortiz garcía Carlos Fredy , Rodríguez-Falconi Rebeca , Moscoso-Ramírez Pedro A. , Lagunez-Espinoza Luz del C. , Osorio-Acosta Francisco 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To test the efficiency of four chemical resistance inducers on Maradol papaya to reduce Phytopthora nicotianae var. parasitica infections in rainfed crops at Chontalpa, Tabasco, Mexico.
Design/methodology/approach: Three doses of four resistance inducers were tested on 60-day-old papaya plants in a greenhouse with a randomized design, with four replications and 10 plants as experimental plots. Three days after the inducers' application inoculations with mycelium discs were made, there were negative and positive control treatments to evaluating their efficiency by applying Abbott's formula.
Results: The four chemical inducers for resistance (sodium silicate (SS), potassium silicate (PS), potassium phosphite (PF) and acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM)) were statistically different from the control (P < 0.0001**). The inducers SS 1 %, PS 1 %, FP 0.35 % and ASM 0.1 mM showed higher effectiveness (81.2, 75.9, 74.7 and 74.0 %).
Study limitations/implications: The retained effective concentrations were tested in a single application, and their durability is unknown, so this point should be broadened. however, it may be an alternative for repeated use after transplanting.
Findings/conclusions: Optimal concentrations of SS, PS, FP, and AMS, that respond against P. nicotianae var. parasitica infections can reduce damages in rainfed crops.
System of Systems Safety Analysis and Evaluation in ZalaZONE
Authors: Tschürtz Hans , Wagner Florian , Schröter Wilko , Szalay Zsolt , Török Árpád 
Published: November 2021

Safe autonomous operation is a major challenge for today's technologies. In order to be able to define and evaluate the requirements of these technologies, a systematic and methodical approach is required. VISSE has developed such an approach over several years, which is now to be evaluated on the basis of various use cases. Students of the course of studies "Safety and Systems Engineering" have applied these procedures to a defined use case in a student project of a master study course. Driving scenarios for a road intersection were defined and safety critical situations were identified, analyzed and evaluated at ZalaZONE. The analysis and test results have shown the possibility to improve a used sensor concept in beforehand. This offers the opportunity to reduce the complexity of the driving scenarios respectively to avoid unknown situations.
Identification of ACTA2 as a Key Contributor to Venous Malformation
Authors: Wang Song , Zhou Zifu , Li Jing , Wang Yu , Li Hongwen , Lv Renrong , Xu Guangqi , Zhang Jian , Bi Jianhai , Huo Ran 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: Proteomics and high connotation functional gene screening (HCS) were used to screen key functional genes that play important roles in the pathogenesis of venous malformation. Furthermore, this study was conducted to analyze and explore their possible functions, establish a gene mutation zebrafish model, and perform a preliminary study to explore their possible pathogenic mechanisms in venous malformation.Methods: Pathological and normal tissues from patients with disseminated venous malformation were selected for Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) proteomics analysis to identify proteins that were differentially expressed. Based on bioinformatics analysis, 20 proteins with significant differential expression were selected for HCS to find key driver genes and characterize the expression of these genes in patients with venous malformations. In vitro experiments were then performed using human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). A gene mutant zebrafish model was also constructed for in vivo experiments to explore gene functions and pathogenic mechanisms.Results: The TMT results showed a total of 71 proteins that were differentially expressed as required, with five of them upregulated and 66 downregulated. Based on bioinformatics and proteomics results, five highly expressed genes and 15 poorly expressed genes were selected for functional screening by RNAi technology. HCS screening identified ACTA2 as the driver gene. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot were used to detect the expression of ACTA2 in the pathological tissues of patients with venous malformations and in control tissues, and the experimental results showed a significantly lower expression of ACTA2 in venous malformation tissues (P &lt; 0.05). Cell assays on the human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) model showed that cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenic ability were all significantly increased in the ACTA2 over-expression group (P &lt; 0.05), and that overexpression of ACTA2 could improve the inhibitory effect on vascular endothelial cell proliferation. We constructed an ACTA2-knockdown zebrafish model and found that the knockdown of ACTA2 resulted in defective vascular development, disruption of vascular integrity, and malformation of micro vein development in zebrafish. Further qPCR assays revealed that the knockdown of ACTA2 inhibited the Dll4/notch1 signaling pathway, Ephrin-B2 signaling pathway, and vascular integrity-related molecules and activated the Hedgehog signaling pathway.Conclusion: This study revealed that ACTA2 deficiency is an important factor in the pathogenesis of venous malformation, resulting in the disruption of vascular integrity and malformed vascular development. ACTA2 can be used as a potential biomarker for the treatment and prognosis of venous malformations.
Combining Oxidative Torrefaction and Pyrolysis of Phragmites australis: Improvement of the Adsorption Capacity of Biochar for Tetracycline
Authors: Jiang Shilin , Tan Mengjiao , Huang Zhongliang , Hu Jinguang , Li Changzhu , Lei Tingzhou , Zhang Xuan , Wu Zijian , Huang Jing , Qin Xiaoli , Li Hui 
Published: November 2021

Graphical AbstractPAS biochar production and TC adsorption.
The Arctic Temperature Response to Global and Regional Anthropogenic Sulfate Aerosols
Authors: Asutosh Acharya , Fadnavis Suvarna , Nuncio M. , Müller Rolf , Tripathy Sarat C. 
Published: November 2021

The mechanisms behind Arctic warming and associated climate changes are difficult to discern. Also, the complex local processes and feedbacks like aerosol-cloud-climate interactions are yet to be quantified. Here, using the Community Earth System Model (CAM5) experiments, with emission enhancement of anthropogenic sulfate 1) five-fold globally, 2) ten-times over Asia, and 3) ten-times over Europe we show that regional emissions of sulfate aerosols alter seasonal warming over the Arctic, i.e., colder summer and warmer winter. European emissions play a dominant role in cooling during the summer season (0.7 K), while Asian emissions dominate the warming during the winter season (maximum ∼0.6 K) in the Arctic surface. The cooling/warming is associated with a negative/positive cloud radiative forcing. During the summer season increase in low–mid level clouds, induced by sulfate emissions, favours the solar dimming effect that reduces the downwelling radiation to the surface and thus leads to surface cooling. Warmer winters are associated with enhanced high-level clouds that induce a positive radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere. This study points to the importance of international strategies being implemented to control sulfate emissions to combat air pollution. Such strategies will also affect the Arctic cooling/warming associated with a cloud radiative forcing caused by sulfate emission change.
Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Cannot Inhibit Chlamydia trachomatis Growth in HL-60 Human Neutrophil Granulocytes
Authors: Virok Dezső P. , Tömösi Ferenc , Keller-Pintér Anikó , Szabó Kitti , Bogdanov Anita , Poliska Szilárd , Rázga Zsolt , Bruszel Bella , Cseh Zsuzsanna , Kókai Dávid , Paróczai Dóra , Endrész Valéria , Janáky Tamás , Burián Katalin 
Published: November 2021

AimsNeutrophil granulocytes are the major cells involved in Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis)-mediated inflammation and histopathology. A key protein in human intracellular antichlamydial defense is the tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) which limits the growth of the tryptophan auxotroph Chlamydia. Despite its importance, the role of IDO in the intracellular defense against Chlamydia in neutrophils is not well characterized.MethodsGlobal gene expression screen was used to evaluate the effect of C. trachomatis serovar D infection on the transcriptome of human neutrophil granulocytes. Tryptophan metabolite concentrations in the Chlamydia-infected and/or interferon-gamma (IFNG)-treated neutrophils were measured by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS).ResultsOur results indicate that the C. trachomatis infection had a major impact on neutrophil gene expression, inducing 1,295 genes and repressing 1,510 genes. A bioinformatics analysis revealed that important factors involved in the induction of neutrophil gene expression were the interferon-related transcription factors such as IRF1-5, IRF7-9, STAT2, ICSB, and ISGF3. One of the upregulated genes was ido1, a known infection- and interferon-induced host gene. The tryptophan-degrading activity of IDO1 was not induced significantly by Chlamydia infection alone, but the addition of IFNG greatly increased its activity. Despite the significant IDO activity in IFNG-treated cells, C. trachomatis growth was not affected by IFNG. This result was in contrast to what we observed in HeLa human cervical epithelial cells, where the IFNG-mediated inhibition of C. trachomatis growth was significant and the IFNG-induced IDO activity correlated with growth inhibition.ConclusionsIDO activity was not able to inhibit chlamydial growth in human neutrophils. Whether the IDO activity was not high enough for inhibition or other chlamydial growth-promoting host mechanisms were induced in the infected and interferon-treated neutrophils needs to be further investigated.
Optimization of Preparation of Foamed Concrete Based on Orthogonal Experiment and Range Analysis
Authors: Cong Menglong , Zhang Shanshan , Sun Dandan , Zhou Kunpeng 
Published: November 2021

For the purpose of reducing the energy consumption and construction cost of buildings, the preparation process of geopolymer based foamed concrete, which is a novel material of the wall and roof of building, had been studied in detail. Water glass and sodium hydroxide were used as the alkali activator to excite the mixture consists of slag, fly ash and Kaolin to form the geopolymer matrix, and finally the foams generated using the physical foaming method were filled into the geopolymer matrix to produce geopolymer-based foamed concrete blocks. In the preparation process, firstly one of the four parameters of foam content, water-binder ratio, water glass content, and water glass modulus had been changed separately to study the influence of a single factor on the compressive strength, dry density, thermal conductivity and specific strength of foamed concrete blocks. The experimental results show that the above four factors have different degrees of influence on the concerned performances. Next, some representative combinations of these factors were constructed by orthogonal experiment method, and the influence degree of each combination on the concerned performances was determined by means of range analysis. According to the results of analysis, the most important influencing factor in terms of thermal conductivity was the water-binder ratio, followed by foam content, water glass modulus and water glass content. When the foam content is 1.58%, the water-binder ratio is 0.45, the water glass content is 30%, and the water glass modulus is 1.2, the thermal conductivity of the prepared geopolymer foam concrete reaches 0.044 W/(m·K), which satisfies the expected requirements for heating in severe cold areas.
Prognostic Value of Serum Exosomal AHCY Expression in Hepatitis B-Induced Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Tong Ling , Yan Cuilin , Wang Minjie , Yang Jiajia , Wang Hongmei , Wang Ying 
Published: November 2021

Objective: We aimed to investigate serum exosomal adenosylhomocysteinase (AHCY) expression in hepatitis B-induced liver cirrhosis (HBV-LC) patients and to determine the prognostic value of serum exosomal AHCY.Methods: We collected serum samples from 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and from 114 HBV-LC patients to test serum exosomal AHCY expression using ELISA.Results: Compared with the CHB and Grade A and B HBV-LC groups, the level of exosomal AHCY expression was significantly higher in the HBV-LC group [376.62 (291.50–448.02) vs. 248.12 (189.28–324.63), P &gt; 0.001] and the Grade C HBV-LC group [408.70 (365.63–465.76) vs. 279.76 (215.16–336.07), P &gt; 0.001], respectively. Serum exosomal AHCY expression and MELD score had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.844, P &lt; 0.001). Survival curve analysis showed that patients with low exosomal AHCY expression had significantly longer survival than patients with high exosomal AHCY expression (P = 0.0038). The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) value for the mortality prediction ability of serum exosomal AHCY in HBV-LC patients was 0.921, which was higher than the values for the MELD score (AUC 0.815) and Child-Pugh classification (AUC 0.832), with a sensitivity and specificity of 93.41 and 76.00%, respectively.Conclusions: The serum exosomal AHCY level is a novel potential prognostic biomarker in HBV-LC patients, which may be great significance for the prognosis of HBV-LC patients.
On the Relationship Between EB-3 Profiles and Microtubules Growth in Cultured Cells
Authors: Urazbaev Arshat , Serikbaeva Anara , Tvorogova Anna , Dusenbayev Azamat , Kauanova Sholpan , Vorobjev Ivan 
Published: November 2021

Microtubules are dynamic structures undergoing rapid growth and shrinkage in living cells and in vitro. The growth of microtubules in vitro was analyzed with subpixel precision (Maurer et al., Current Biology, 2014, 24 (4), 372–384); however, to what extent these results could be applied for microtubules growing in vivo remains largely unknown. Particularly, the question is whether microtubule growth velocity in cells could be sufficiently approximated by a Gaussian distribution or its variability requires a more sophisticated description? Addressing this question, we used time-lapse microscopy and mathematical modeling, and we analyzed EB-3 comets forming on microtubules of cultured cells with subpixel precision. Parameters of comets (shape, form, and velocity) were used as topological characteristics of 3D voxel objects. Using regression analysis, we determined the real positions of the microtubule tips in time-lapse sequences. By exponential decay fitting of the restored comet intensity profile, we found that in vivo EB-3 rapidly exchanges on growing microtubule ends with a decoration time ∼ 2 s. We next developed the model showing that the best correlation between comet length and microtubule end growth velocity is at time intervals close to the decoration time. In the cells, EB comet length positively correlates with microtubule growth velocity in preceding time intervals, while demonstrating no correlation in subsequent time intervals. Correlation between comet length and instantaneous growth velocity of microtubules remains under nocodazole treatment when mean values of both parameters decrease. Our data show that the growth of microtubules in living cells is well-approximated by a constant velocity with large stochastic fluctuations.