bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migrantes centroamericanos en México: entre la violencia y los abusos de las políticas de control fronterizo en Estados Unidos/ Central American immigrants in Mexico: located among violences and the American abusive border control policies
Authors: Rodriguez Paola Ileana De la Rosa , Antony Maia Lahys Sandy 
Published: July 2021

La oleada migratoria centroamericana que pasa por México rumbo a Estados Unidos es involuntaria y compleja. Este fenómeno migratorio transnacional y cambiante resulta lucrativo para los más interesados en oprimir, victimizar y explotar a las personas que se encuentran en un contexto de movilidad. El desplazamiento forzado, como es el caso de la mayoría de los migrantes centroamericanos, es una condición que envuelve un riesgo inminente para sus vidas y les hacen estar en constante situación de vulnerabilidad, ya sea en su lugar de origen, por las masivas violaciones de los derechos humanos; en el país de tránsito a causa de la violencia o por la probable xenofobia, rechazo, discriminación y racismo, que van a experimentar en el país de destino. Migratory waves taking off in Central America and going through Mexico towards United States are involuntary and complex movements. This multifactorial phenomenon has become a lucrative business for those interested in oppressing, exploiting and abusing the people who move from one country to another. Unfortunately, immigrants’ vulnerable condition is evident both in their home countries and in their destination countries. This article aims at explaining the violence and State abuses Central American migrants suffer. With this purpose, it criticizes the policies taken by governors since they are inconsistent with the legal instruments and regulations that are in force and whose goal is to protect immigrants and refugees.
A review of miRNAs accuracy as a diagnostic biomarker in COPD patients
Authors: Kuatama Rexel , Jusni Louis Fabio Jonathan , Karina Christa 
Published: July 2021

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the third highest leading cause of early death amongst other non-communicable diseases characterized by irreversible limitations of airflow. Current reliable classification relies on forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) measured on spirometry. In order to provide more effective and individualized management, new markers are needed. Accumulating studies has shown the role of miRNA in the pathogenesis of COPD and the progression of the disease. Aim: This review aims to provide overview of the diagnostic capabilities of miRNA and identify gaps of knowledge for further studies. Method: A review based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) was conducted with the database from Pubmed, Science Direct, and Proquest. Outcome: A total of nine studies has reported diagnostic accuracies of miRNA in distinguishing COPD and normal, COPD and AECOPD, and other subtypes of COPD Conclusion: Retrospective diagnostic analyses of miRNAs have shown several promising AUC and need to be followed up with reliable prospective designs. Further diagnostics studies, in particular those with clinical values, need to be conducted.
Distribution Genotype High Risk (HR) And Low Risk (LR) Human Papillomavirus (HPV) at Condyloma Acuminata
Authors: Mastutik Gondo , Rahniayu Alphania , Murtiastutik Dwi , Arista Afria , Setyaningrum Trisniartami , Missaoui Nabiha , Putra Suhartono Taat 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Condyloma acuminata that is also known as genital warts are one of the most common sexually transmitted that caused by infection of Human papillomavirus (HPV). Persistent infection of Low Risk (LR) or High risk (HR) HPV is a risk factor for progress into benign or malignant cancer. The objective is to analyze distribution of genotype LR-HPV and HR-HPV at condyloma acuminata in anogenital region. Methods: A cross sectional study using were 36 lesions from men and women of condyloma acuminata patients. All subject signed the informed consent and ethic obtained from our institution, number 382/Panke.KKE/V/2016. The specimen was used to histopathological examination and to identified 40 genotypes of HPV using a reverse line blot assay.Results: The All patients were diagnosed as condyloma acuminata, some with focus dysplasia and koilocytosis. All patients were positive for HPV, including LR-HPV were HPV 6, 11, 42, 54, 61, 81,87,89 and HR-HPV were HPV 18, 26, 45, 51, 52, 66, 67, 68B, 69, 82. The single infection of LR-HPV was 44.4%, multiple infection LR/LR-HPV was 13,9% and the multiple infection of LR/HR-HPV was 41.7%. The LR-HPV infected 70,6% and HR-HPV infected 29,4%. Conclusion: LR-HPV is the major infection of condyloma acuminata, in single infection or multiple infection with HR-HPV. The most common infections were HPV 11, followed by HPV 6, HPV 18, HPV 51, and HPV 82. The determination of genotype of HPV can be used to predict the malignant transformation.
The Bacterial Pneumonia Characteristics based on Climate and Meteorological Parameters in Indonesia, the Tropical Country: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Bramantono Bramantono , Rachman Brian Eka , Marfiani Erika , Kurniati Neneng Dewi , Arifijanto Muhammad Vitanata , Jearanaiwitayakul Tuksin 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: As a tropical country, Indonesia has the potential to influence the characteristics of infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to see how the pattern of pneumonia on various weather components such as rainfall, humidity, and temperature.Methods: This study was carried by retrospective screening in the infectious ward in one of the tertiary referral hospitals.Results: A total of 876 cases of pneumonia from eight treatment rooms were included in the study. The highest pneumonia cases occurred in February with 239 (27.2%) cases followed in April and May with 169 (19.2%) and 159 (18.2%) cases respectively. After microbiological examination, bacterial growth was found in 191 cases. The highest number of bacteria was found in February with 62 (32%), followed by May with 33 (17.2%) and April with 31 (16.2%) samples. Most of the bacterial grown were gram-negative (94.3%), dominated by Klebsiella pneumoniae (35%), followed by Acinetobacter baumanii 17.2% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12%. On the examination of antibiotic sensitivity, it was found that amikacin has a consistently high sensitivity (90%) for pneumonia caused by most bacterial causes (Acinetobacter baumanii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli).Conclusion: The study did not show any remarkable bacterial patterns based on weather components such as rainfall, humidity, and temperature during the rainy season. However, increasing the surveillance period will provide a better insight into the bacterial pattern and can compare it in the rainy and dry seasons.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOD CONTACT TIME TO THE EFFECT ON TRANSFER OF MICROBES FROM CERAMIC FLOOR USING THE FIVE-SECOND RULE
Authors: Adityawardhana Taufan , Widodo Agung Dwi Wahyu , Rehatta Nancy Margaritta 
Published: July 2021

Eosin-Methylene Blue (EMB) in order to isolate gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) as the contamination level indicator. Microbes identified with gram staining and observed under a light microscope. The result reported into 5 categories: microbes were founded or not in the petri dishes, determine whether lactose fermentation/acid production can be observed, grade the microbes concentration founded in the petri dishes (grade 1-6), classify the level of contamination (low-high), describing colonies shape in EMB agar and identifying the microbes with gram staining. The results was at the student center’s canteen 3 of 5 samples under 5 seconds are positive and 5 of 7 samples until 300 seconds are positive. The level of contamination was inconsistent with increasing time. Whereas in the diagnostic center’s canteen 12 of 12 samples were all positives, regardless of time. In conclusion, the five-second rule is a significant oversimplification of what actually happens when bacteria transfer from a surface to food. Risk of transfer of contamination is constantly present regardless of time.
PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION IN FIRST-YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS AT AIRLANGGA UNIVERSITY, INDONESIA
Authors: Izzah Dina Arini , Yitnamurti Suksmi , Rehatta Nancy Margarita 
Published: July 2021

Depression is a mental disorder with a relatively high prevalence rate in medical students around the world. Medical students are often faced with a variety of pressures ranging from academic to social stress so that the prevalence of depression in medical students tends to be higher than general population. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the prevalence of depression in medical students at Airlangga University. This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample used was 86 first-year medical students at Airlangga University, Indonesia in the academic year of 2017/2018. The data collection was carried out using Beck Depression Inventory II questionnaires as a measurement instrument. The data was analyzed by descriptive univariate using SPSS 16.0. From 86 samples obtained from first-year students, 37.20% of them experienced mental conditions that were considered abnormal (mean score of 10.14 ± 7.093), starting from mild mood disturbance (23.26%) to the most severe category, severe depression (1.16%). There was no extreme depression category in this study. Furthermore, mean score of male subjects is 8.57 ± 6.120 while mean score of female subjects is 10.64 ± 7.351. This study revealed that the prevalence of depression in first-year medical students at Airlangga University in the second semester of academic year 2017/2018 is quite high, which is more than one third of the total respondents while the prevalence in female subjects is higher than in male subjects.
Pubic Diastasis in Polytrauma Patients: Traumatic or Congenital?
Authors: Shamseer C Muhammed , Pandiyan Alagu , Rao P Anush , Shafeekh Muhammed , Theruvil Bipin 
Published: July 2021

Case:
We report 2 patients who were involved in high-velocity road traffic accidents. Both these patients had congenital pubic diastasis with very subtle clinical and radiological signs that were misdiagnosed as posttraumatic diastasis on initial radiographic evaluation.

Conclusion:
Trauma surgeons should be aware of this anomaly because congenital pubic diastasis could present without any major clinical signs and could easily be mistaken for a traumatic diastasis.
Nontraumatic Bilateral Recurrent Peroneal Tendon Dislocation with Pes Planovalgus
Authors: Kimura Tadashi , Kubota Makoto , Hattori Hidekazu , Saito Mitsuru 
Published: July 2021

Case:
Peroneal tendon dislocation is a relatively infrequent problem. Most cases are traumatic, and nontraumatic cases are rare. In this case, a 21-year-old man had nontraumatic bilateral recurrent peroneal tendon dislocation on standing and pes planovalgus. We performed medial displacement osteotomy of the calcaneus for the pes planovalgus and reattachment of the retinaculum and groove deepening for the peroneal tendon dislocations.

Conclusion:
The dislocations were attributed to the force of the tendon riding up the lateral malleolus on standing because of pes planovalgus. A good outcome was achieved by surgical intervention for both the pes planovalgus and peroneal tendon dislocations.
Correlations among Thermal Conductivity, Porosity, and Permeability of Mesozoic Sandstones and Siltstones from the Southern Regions of the West Siberian Plate
Authors: Duchkov A.D. , Ayunov D.E. , Sokolova L.S. , Yan P.A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
—We consider results of measurements of thermal conductivity, porosity, and permeability for 780 samples of Mesozoic sandstones and siltstones from the cores of 50 wells drilled in three southern regions of the West Siberian Plate (Novosibirsk and Tomsk regions, Surgut region of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area). The thermal conductivity of the samples was measured twice: in dry and in water-saturated states. It has been established that the thermal conductivity of water-saturated rocks is on average 20–40% higher. The thermal conductivities of dry and water-saturated samples show stable correlations between each other and with the sample porosity and permeability. These correlations can be used for the approximate estimation of the thermal conductivity of water-saturated rocks from the measured thermal conductivity of dry samples or even from the porosity values. The relationship between thermal conductivity and porosity can be used for the rapid assessment of rock porosity from the measured thermal conductivity of the core.
Rare Earth Phosphates in the Kerch Caviar Ironstones
Authors: Nekipelova A.V. , Sokol E.V. , Kokh S.N. , Khvorov P.V. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract—The mineralogy and contents of major and trace elements (including REE+Y) in bulk samples and separate size fractions of caviar-like ironstones from the Kamysh-Burun deposit (Kerch iron province) are studied to estimate the contributions of different REE+Y species to the total budget. The analyzed ore samples contain MREE adsorbed on Fe3+-(oxy)hydroxides, as well as LREE authigenic phosphates. The predominant rhabdophane-type (Ce(PO4)⋅nH2O) phases are enriched in La, Pr, Nd, and Ca, depleted in Ce, and free from Th. The REE carriers belong to solid solution series of two main types: LREE(PO4)·nH2O – (Ca,Ce,Th)(PO4)·H2O (rhabdophane-like phase and brockite) or LREE(PO4)·nH2O – (Ca,U,Fe3+)((PO4),(SO4))·2H2O (rhabdophane-like phase and tristramite). REE phosphates occur most often in the ≤ 0.25 mm fractions of ironstones, where average and maximum ΣREE contents (Xav = 606–1954 ppm; Xmax = 769–3011 ppm) are comparable with the respective amounts in the Chinese industrial clay-type REE deposits. The Kerch ores are commercially attractive unconventional resources of highly demanded Pr and Nd: they can be extracted at relatively low costs, due to high Pr/Ce and Nd/Ce ratios, while low Th and U reduce the environmental risks from stockpiled wastes.
A protocol for the study of the rumen biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids of lipid supplements mixed with forages using an in vitro approach
Authors: Vargas Julián Andrés Castillo , Angel Martha Olivera 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The rumen biohydrogenation of dietary unsaturated fatty acids has an important effect on the final compositional quality of ruminant meat and milk. Hence, diverse methodological approaches have been developed to understand and modulate this biochemical process that occurs in the rumen. Therefore, in the current method article, a protocol is presented to conduct an in vitro assay for understanding the biohydrogenation of dietary fatty acids in the rumen. The protocol enabled the evaluation of the effects of different relationships between linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids in supplements on the production of fatty acid intermediaries derived from the biohydrogenation of these unsaturated fatty acids in the rumen, with satisfactory results.
Comparative study on the influence of silicon and selenium to mitigate arsenic induced stress by modulating TCA cycle, GABA and polyamine synthesis in rice seedlings
Authors: Das Susmita , Majumder Barsha , Biswas Asok Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Arsenic contamination of groundwater is a major concern for its use as drinking water and crop irrigation in many regions of the world. Arsenic is absorbed by rice plants from arsenic contaminated water during irrigation, hampers growth and agricultural productivity. The aim of the study was to mitigate the activity of TCA cycle, synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and polyamines (PAs) in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. MTU-1010) seedlings under arsenate (As-V) stress [25 µM, 50 µM and 75 µM] by silicon (Si) [2 mM] and selenium (Se) [5 µM] amendments, and to investigate which chemical was more potential to combat this threat. As(V) application decreased the activities of tested respiratory enzymes while the levels of organic acids (OAs) were increased in the test seedlings. Co-application of Si and As(V) increased the activities of respiratory enzymes, consequently further increased accumulation of OAs that were more than Se with As(V) application in the test seedlings. GABA accumulation along with the activities of its regulatory enzymes were enhanced under As(V) stress. During joint application of Si and As(V) and Se and As(V) said parameters were decreased showing defensive role of these chemicals to resist As(V) toxicity in rice but amendment of Si was more potential than Se amendment resulted reduction of stress induced damage in the test seedlings. PAs trigger tolerance mechanism against stress in plants. PAs viz., Putrescine, spermidine and spermine were synthesized more during Si and Se amendments in As(V) contaminated rice seedlings to combat the effect of stress. Si amendment substantially modulated the toxic effects caused by As(V) over Se amendment in As(V) challenged test seedlings. Thus in future application Si enriched fertilizer will be beneficial than application of Se enriched fertilizer to grow rice plants with normal vigor in arsenic contaminated soil.
Unleashing the Indirect Influence of FDI in Environmental Degradation via Financial Development and Economic Growth. New Evidence from Asian Countries
Authors: Qamri Ghulam Muhmmad , Sheng Bing , Khan Rana Ejaz Ali , Hanim Wasisfah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background:Scholars in developed and emerging economies have widely tested the interactions between foreign direct investment, financial development, economic growth and environmental degradation. Despite a number of empirical and review studies, it is not yet wrap up either the associations are negative, positive, direct or indirect. Additionally, minor attention is given to the indirect role of foreign direct investment in environmental degradation; perhaps no study has yet demonstrated the mediating role of financial development and economic growth between foreign direct investment and environmental degradation in Asian economies. Referring to the fragmented outputs and consequences as well as lacking the indirect role, the present study examines the influence of foreign direct investment on environmental degradation with the mediating role of financial development and economic growth. Results:Secondary data of 21 Asian countries from 1980-2018 were gathered from World Bank Indicators and then performed STATA to test the paths. Our findings are slightly different from the studies conducted in developed economies. The results indicate that foreign direct investment significantly improves environmental quality by deteriorating environmental pollution. It also significantly improves economic growth in the selected regions. Surprisingly, our study shows that foreign direct investment has a significant negative influence on financial development in the Asian regions. Both financial development and economic growth significantly negatively influence environmental degradation in Asian regions. However, financial development partially mediates while economic growth does not play any mediating role between foreign direct investment and environmental degradation in the Asian countries. Trade openness and population growth as control factors do not show any significant role in the model. Conclusions:This research recommends policymakers to focus on the inflow of foreign direct investment in order to enhance economic growth and environmental quality. It is strongly suggested for policymakers to attenuate the political intervention (e.g. ensure the political stability) in the inflow of foreign direct investment, so financial resources can be impartially distributed in the industrial sector and thus the nations will have an effective financial development system. Other implications have described.
Effect of Thunder-Fire Moxibustion for Lumbar Disc Herniation: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhang Jiale , Zhai Xu , Wang Xue , Wang Liuqing , Tong Hongxuan , Xian Tiancai , Shao Lexuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the common diseases in orthopedics and traumatology, which is caused by nucleus pulposus herniation stimulating cauda equina nerve, nerve root and intervertebral disc degeneration. Its clinical manifestations are low back pain, radiation pain of lower limbs and cauda equina symptoms, which seriously affect the quality of life of patients. At present, oral analgesics are commonly used in clinical non drug therapy for LDH, but oral analgesics will produce gastrointestinal reactions and other side effects. Thunder-fire moxibustion is one kind of moxibustion method, which has been applied widely for treating pain syndromes in China. The aim of our research is to design a randomized controlled trial of thunder-fire moxibustion in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation to explore whether it is safer and more effective than oral analgesic drugs.Methods90 patients will be randomly divided into thunder-fire moxibustion group and acetaminophen group. The intervention included 10 days as a course of treatment, lasting for 20 days. The acetaminophen group took two acetaminophen sustained-release tablets every other day, while the thunder fire moxibustion group will be treated with thunder fire moxibustion once every other time for 30 minutes. Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, visual analogue scale (VAS) and oswestry disability index (ODI) will be used as the main the observation indexes. Meanwhile, the occurrence of adverse events (AES) will also be recorded. The assessment will be conducted at baseline and at the end of the first and second course of treatment.DiscussionThe aim of this study is to determine whether thunder-fire moxibustion is more effective than acetaminophen in the treatment of patients with LDH.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn), ChiCTR2000036079. Registered on 21 August 2020.
Optimize the Irrigation and Fertilizer Schedules by Combining DSSAT and GA
Authors: Bai Yu , Yue Wenjun , Ding Chunmei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
As one of the main food crops in the world, the yield of maize directly affects the food security of the world. The optimization of irrigation and fertilizer schedules is also one of the hot issues in the world. In this paper, the genetic algorithm (GA) and DSSAT crop model were combined to provide theoretical basis for the optimization of irrigation and fertilizer schedules of maize in China. On the basis of field experimental data in previous references, the model was calibrated and verified, and get a well simulation result with RMSE ranged from 0.262 to 0.580 Mg/ha. After that, GA and DSSAT were run to obtain the optimized irrigation and fertilizer schedules. Compared with the results of previous references, the new optimization schedules can improve the yield (1.9~2.6%) and economic benefits (7.3~8.9%). It is proved that this method has a good optimization effect, and the method also has a wide range of research prospects.