bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial Assessment and Health Risks of Consumption of Uncooked Smoked Horse Mackerel Fish (Trachurus trachurus) Sold in Open Markets in Owerri Metropolis, South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Nwogwugwu N. U. , Chinakwe E. C. , Ihejirika C. E. , Ezenweani E. C. , Ngumah C. C. , Anosike E. E. Mike- 
Published: October 2021

Aim: To assess the microbiological quality of uncooked smoked horse mackerel fish (Trachurus trachurus) sold in Owerri and ascertain the presence and prevalence of microorganisms of public health importance.
Study Design: Random sampling was done.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri; from October, 2019 to April, 2020.
Methodology: Smoked fish samples (n=20) were purchased randomly from retailers in Relief, Naze, Eziobodo and Obinze markets and taken to the laboratory for isolation and identification of microorganisms. Standard microbiological methods were employed to analyze for viable heterotrophic bacterial and fungal counts on nutrient agar and potato dextrose agar respectively, using the spread and streak plate techniques. Coliform counts were done on MacConkey agar. Biochemical characterization of the microorganisms was adopted for their identification.
Results: Bacteria identified included Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Proteus, Salmonella and Micrococcus species. Total heterotrophic bacterial counts and coliform counts ranged from 2.8 x 106 cfu/g to 1.6 x 108 cfu/g and 2.7 x 104 cfu/g to 5.3 x 105 cfu/g respectively. Fungal species identified were Penicillium, Rhizopus, Mucor, Aspergillus and Fusarium spp and fungal counts as high as 4.5 x 105 cfu/g were recorded.
Conclusion: The high level of microbial contamination of the samples and the presence of organisms of public health importance signifies an obvious danger to human health. Eating smoked fish without proper cooking should be discouraged by the relevant authorities. Also, food safety authorities should intensify their monitoring efforts towards controlling such contaminations and averting possible outbreaks of diseases.
Spontaneous Rupture of Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinoma: Report of a Case
Authors: Yamazoe Sadaaki , Amano Ryosuke , Kimura Kenjiro , Ohira Go , Nishio Kohei , Miura Kotaro , Shibutani Masatsune , Sakurai Katsunobu , Nagahara Hisashi , Toyokawa Takahiro , Kubo Naoshi , Tanaka Hiroaki , Muguruma Kazuya , Ohtani Hiroshi , Yashiro Masakazu , Maeda Kiyoshi , Ohira Masasichi , Hirakawa Kosei 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) is a relatively rare neoplasm. Furthermore, tumor rupture is extremely rare. Only 1 case of ruptured pancreatic ACC has been reported, and the long-term outcome of the case is unknown. Here, we present a case of spontaneously ruptured ACC with long-term survival after successful resection.

Case Presentation
A 67-year-old man was brought to our hospital by ambulance, presenting with progressive left abdominal pain. Laboratory data showed an increased inflammatory response, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a mass in the pancreas tail with nonuniform enhancement in the early phase. Fluid collection was detected around the spleen to the left kidney. Spontaneous rupture of a pancreatic tumor was strongly suspected. After improvement of his general condition, the patient underwent resection of the pancreas and adjacent organs. The resected tumor was surrounded by organs and adipose tissue, so obvious exposure was not observed in the surgical margins. Pathologically, neither exposure of tumor cells at the surgical margins nor lymph node involvement was detected. The patient has survived 80 months since initial diagnosis without any evidence of recurrence.

Conclusion
Although ruptured pancreatic ACC has the potential for dissemination, surgical resection including adjacent organs remains an option for curative treatment.
Is Inflammation Status in Postbariatric Patients Predictive for Their Response to Vitamin B12 Supplementation Therapy?
Authors: Pouwels Sjaak , Smelt Hendrika J.M. , Smulders Johannes F. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Several studies indicate that there is a relationship between vitamin B12 levels and inflammatory status. Some studies showed a significantly correlation between vitamin B12 status and inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of inflammatory status on the effect of different vitamin B12 supplementation regimes.

Methods
We selected patients with a vitamin B12 deficiency based on methylmalonic acid (MMA) levels. A moderate vitamin B12 deficiency was defined as an MMA blood level between ≥300 and 430 nmol/L. In included patients, C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocytes, serum vitamin B12, and MMA levels were measured at baseline and after 6 months of follow-up.

Results
A total of 63 patients were included, treated with 3, 6, or no intramuscular vitamin B12 injections. In the 6 intramuscular injections group, the presupplementation CRP levels significantly predicted the response in terms of vitamin B12 increase (P = 0.015). Also, there was a significant reduction in CRP levels (P = 0.03) after 6 injections. There was a significant correlation between presupplementation MMA and presupplementation CRP (r = 0.127, P = 0.049).

Conclusion
This study showed that presupplementation CRP levels significantly predicted the response on 6 intramuscular vitamin B12 injections in patients after bariatric surgery. Second, the 6 intramuscular injection regimen showed a significant reduction in CRP levels. Third, there was a significant correlation between MMA and presupplementation CRP. This might indicate that there is interplay between the vitamin B12 supplementation and inflammatory levels in patients after bariatric surgery.
Thrombosis of Coronary Arteries in a Patient With Polycythemia Vera During the Myocardial Revascularization: A Case Report
Authors: Dulić Grgur , Požgain Zrinka , Selthofer Robert , Bogović Siniša , Rimac Marko , Kovačić Borna , Danilović Milijana 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
Coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient suffering from polycythemia vera is clinically rare and extremely challenging. There is no established protocol regarding the management of these patients because the number of patients in this circumstance is very small. Expressed thrombotic risk in patients suffering from polycythemia vera is highly emphasized in patients with coronary artery disease. Only a few cases have been reported of performing coronary artery bypass grafting, and in those cases a successful outcome seems to be an exception.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 73-year-old male caucasian patient suffering from frequent daily chest pain and unstable angina with a 75% stenosis of the left main coronary artery and a subocclusion of proximal right coronary artery undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, where despite following all the management algorithms and hematologic and cardiologic guidelines properly during the preoperative workup, the patient had a complex postoperative recovery with thrombosis of native coronary vessels—the left anterior descending artery and right coronary artery.

Conclusion
Further investigation is needed regarding the effect of deciding between strategies in the domain of cardiac surgery as well as in the hematologic domain on the final outcome. It would be absolutely necessary to conduct a global trial to investigate the preferred cardiosurgical procedure (OPCAB or on-pump CABG).
An Octogenarian Case of Sequential Laparoscopic Surgery for Synchronous Isolated Splenic Metastasis From Cancer of the Cecum
Authors: Yokokawa Hideyuki , Imaizumi Rie , Ito Yoshitomo , Kono Teppei , Koike Taro , Miyano Yutaka , Oyama Kunihiro , Shiozawa Shunichi , Yoshimatsu Kazuhiko 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
Because splenic metastasis from colorectal cancer is usually a result of metastasis from widely disseminated disease, cases with resectable isolated splenic metastasis are uncommon.

Case presentation
We report here a case of synchronous isolated splenic metastasis from cecal cancer that was treated with sequential laparoscopic splenectomy after short-term observation following laparoscopic ileocecal resection. Both postoperative courses were uneventful, allowing the patient to be discharged early. Two years have passed, without recurrence, since the second operation.

Conclusions
There are very few case reports on synchronous isolated splenic metastasis from colorectal cancer. Sequential laparoscopic resection might contribute to obtaining an uneventful postoperative course, especially in elderly patients such as ours.
Surgical Advantage of Ultrasonically Activated Devices During Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Breast Cancer
Authors: Kutomi Goro , Shima Hiroaki , Maeda Hideki , Satomi Fukino , Wada Asaka , Sato Kiminori , Mizuguchi Toru , Takemasa Ichiro 
Published: October 2021

Purposes
Axillary dissection is the gold standard for axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients. We compared surgical outcomes between ultrasonically activated devices (USADs) and thermal scalpel (TS) during axillary lymph node dissection in breast cancer patients.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis for 73 patients using TS between June 2012 to May 2016 and 63 patients using USADs between June 2016 to January 2019 in the breast cancer patients who received axillary dissection. Surgical outcomes were compared among the groups statistically.

Results
Median operative time in the USAD group was significantly shorter than in the TS group (136 versus 182 minutes, P &lt; 0.001). Intraoperative blood loss in the USAD group was also significantly lower than in the TS group (35 versus 120 mL, P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the total drainage discharge in the USAD group was also significantly lower than in the TS group (570 versus 700 mL, P = 0.016). The lymphedema frequency in the USAD group was significantly less than in the TS groups (1 of 63 versus 7 of 73, P = 0.0296).

Conclusion
The USADs could improve surgical outcomes, such as lymphedema, for axillary dissection of the breast cancer surgery compared with TS.
Compensating Electronic Effect Enables Fast Site‐to‐Site Electron Transfer over Ultrathin RuMn Nanosheet Branches toward Highly Electroactive and Stable Water Splitting
Authors: Li Leigang , Bu Lingzheng , Huang Bolong , Wang Pengtang , Shen Chenqi , Bai Shuxing , Chan Ting‐Shan , Shao Qi , Hu Zhiwei , Huang Xiaoqing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo improve the electroactivity and stability of electrocatalysts, various modulation strategies have been applied in nanocatalysts. Among different methods, heteroatom doping has been considered as an effective method, which modifies the local bonding environments and the electronic structures. Meanwhile, the design of novel two‐dimensional (2D) nanostructures also offers new opportunities for achieving efficient electrocatalysts. In this work, Mn‐doped ultrathin Ru nanosheet branches (RuMn NSBs), a newly reported 2D nanostructure, is synthesized. With the ultrathin and naturally abundant edges, the RuMn NSBs have exhibited bifunctionalities of hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction with high electroactivity and durability in different electrolytes. Experimental characterizations have revealed that RuO bonds are shortened due to Mn doping, which is the key factor that leads to improved electrochemical performances. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have confirmed that the introduction of Mn enables flexible modulations on the valence states of Ru sites. The inversed redox state evolutions of Ru and Mn sites not only improve the electroactivity for the water splitting but also the long‐term stability due to the pinning effect of Ru sites. This work has provided important inspirations for the design of future advanced Ru‐based electrocatalysts with high performances and durability.
Synthesis of Selenaheterocycles via Visible‐Light‐Mediated Radical Cyclization
Authors: Aganda Kim Christopher C. , Lee Anna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn approach for the synthesis of selenaheterocycles starting from aryl diazonium salts was developed. The one‐pot process and subsequent visible‐light‐mediated silver‐catalyzed cyclization enabled the synthesis of selenaheterocycles in the absence of a photocatalyst. The reactions were carried out under mild conditions without the use of toxic or sensitive reagents.magnified image
Allenamides Playing Domino: A Redox‐Neutral Photocatalytic Synthesis of Functionalized 2‐Aminofurans
Authors: Quintavalla Arianna , Veronesi Ruben , Speziali Laura , Martinelli Ada , Zaccheroni Nelsi , Mummolo Liviana , Lombardo Marco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA photoredox catalytic synthesis of functionalized 2‐aminofurans is proposed starting from α‐halo carbonyl substrates andN‐allenamides. The protocol proves to be efficient and sustainable thanks to:i) the use of visible light as green energy source,ii) the redox‐neutral nature of the transformation, allowing to avoid additives and strong oxidants,iii) the mild reaction conditions and the functional groups tolerance,iv) the low photocatalyst loading and the absence of excess reagents,v) the one‐pot formation of three new bonds in a domino sequence. According to our mechanistic hypothesis, the transformation is configured as adouble radical‐polar crossoverreaction, in which the photocatalyst is excited, oxidized and reduced twice for each molecule of 2‐aminofuran produced. The novelty of the designed synthetic approach also lies in the use ofN‐allenamides as substrates, which, after the addition of the first electrophilic radical, preserve a further reactive π‐system, making possible the addition of a second α‐keto radical and enabling the installation of a keto functionality at a remote position. The good yields, the broad scope, and the possibility to further synthetically elaborate the obtained furans make this protocol particularly promising for the construction of useful products.magnified image
Synthesis of Diverse Heterocyclic Scaffolds by (3+3) and (3+4) Cycloannulations of Donor‐Acceptor Vinylcyclopropanes
Authors: Faltracco Matteo , Strähler Sebastian , Snabilié Demi , Ruijter Eelco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed (3+3) and (3+4) cycloannulations between vinylcyclopropanes and various (hetero)aromatic aldehydes are reported. The use of phosphonate‐substituted vinylcyclopropanes provides access to a variety of bi‐ or tricyclic heteroaromatic scaffolds via an allylation/olefination cascade. The nature of the mechanism was investigated by various control experiments.magnified image
Complete Mapping of DNA‐Protein Interactions at the Single‐Molecule Level
Authors: Liu Wenzhe , Li Jie , Xu Yongping , Yin Dongbao , Zhu Xin , Fu Huanyan , Su Xiaodong , Guo Xuefeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDNA–protein interaction plays an essential role in the storage, expression, and regulation of genetic information. A 1D/3D facilitated diffusion mechanism has been proposed to explain the extraordinarily rapid rate of DNA‐binding protein (DBP) searching for cognate sequence along DNA and further studied by single‐molecule experiments. However, direct observation of the detailed chronological protein searching image is still a formidable challenge. Here, for the first time, a single‐molecule electrical monitoring technique is utilized to realize label‐free detection of the DBP–DNA interaction process based on high‐gain silicon nanowire field‐effect transistors (SiNW FETs). The whole binding process of WRKY domain and DNA has been visualized with high sensitivity and single‐base resolution. Impressively, the swinging of hydrogen bonds between amino acid residues and bases in DNA induce the dynamic collective motion of DBP–DNA. This in situ, label‐free electrical detection platform provides a practical experimental methodology for dynamic studies of various biomolecules.
Trait variation, trade‐offs, and attributes may contribute to colonization and range expansion of a globally distributed weed
Authors: Eren Özkan , Hierro José L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPremiseTrait variation, trade‐offs, and attributes can facilitate colonization and range expansion. We explored how those trait features compare between ancestral and nonnative populations of the globally distributed weed Centaurea solstitialis.MethodsWe measured traits related to survival, size, reproduction, and dispersal in field sampling following major environmental gradients; that of elevation in Anatolia (ancestral range) and that of precipitation in Argentina (nonnative range). We also estimated abundance.ResultsWe found that overall variation in traits in ancestral populations was similar to that in nonnative populations. Only one trait—seed mass—displayed greater variation in ancestral than nonnative populations; coincidentally, seed mass has been shown to track global range expansion of C. solstitialis. Traits displayed several associations, among which seed mass and number were positively related in both ranges. Many traits varied with elevation in the ancestral range, whereas none varied with precipitation in the nonnative one. Interestingly, most traits varying with elevation within the ancestral range also displayed differences in attributes between ancestral and nonnative ranges. Unexpectedly, ancestral plants were more fecund than nonnative plants, but density was greater in the nonnative than ancestral range, indicating that C. solstitialis survives at larger proportions in the nonnative than ancestral range.ConclusionsOur results suggest that maintaining levels of trait variation in nonnative populations comparable to those in ancestral populations, avoiding trait trade‐offs, and developing differences in trait attributes between ranges can play a major role in the success of many weeds in novel environments.
High Density Polyethylenes Bearing Isolated In‐Chain Carbonyls**
Authors: Tang Shan , Seidel Falk William , Nozaki Kyoko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolyethylene materials are highly important polymers which are produced in the largest volume among all plastics. Due to the chemical inert property of saturated carbon–carbon bonds, the degradation of polyethylene is extremely challenging, which prevents them from efficient chemical recycling. Installing functional groups in the main chain of polyethylenes may facilitate the degradation and following chemical recycling of polyethylene materials. Here we report a highly selective approach for the synthesis of high density polyethylenes bearing low content isolated in‐chain carbonyls. Linear high‐molecular weight polyethylene chains are synthesized via the palladium catalyzed copolymerization of ethylene with metal carbonyls. Different from traditional ethylene/CO copolymerization reactions, excellent non‐alternating selectivity has been achieved. While the properties of polyethylene have been retained in the copolymer, faster degradation compared with that of polyethylene was observed upon UV light irradiation. The synthesized materials may therefore serve as more environmentally friendly alternative plastics than traditional polyethylene materials.
Tetrabromo[36]octaphyrin: A Promising Precursor of Directly Fused Porphyrin(2.1.1.1) Dimer and meso‐α Fused N‐Confused Porphyrin Dimer
Authors: Nakai Akito , Kim Jinseok , Tanaka Takayuki , Kim Dongho , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract3,7,23,27‐Tetrabromo[36]octaphyrin 2 was synthesized as a novel octaphyrin bearing two meso‐free positions. Surprisingly, its ZnII and NiII complexation reactions produced a directly fused porphyrin(2.1.1.1) dimer 6, and a meso‐α fused N‐confused porphyrin (NCP) dimer 7, as the first example of NCP tape, respectively, via transannular C−C bond formation. While 6 exhibits a diatropic ring‐current effect owing to the global 36π Möbius aromaticity, 7 shows a paratropic ring‐current effect due to the global Hückel 36π antiaromaticity. In addition, the oxidation of 7 with PbO2 allowed for formation of its two‐electron oxidized species 9 that exhibited a diatropic ring‐current effect due to the global Hückel 34π aromaticity. This work has demonstrated that meso‐free large expanded porphyrins can be a promising platform to produce novel fused porphyrinoids.
Ultrasensitive Sensing of Volatile Organic Compounds Using a Cu‐Doped SnO2‐NiO p‐n Heterostructure That Shows Significant Raman Enhancement**
Authors: Zhou Yan , Gu Qingyi , Qiu Tianzhu , He Xiao , Chen Jinquan , Qi Ruijuan , Huang Rong , Zheng Tingting , Tian Yang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSurface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based on chemical mechanism (CM) attracts tremendous attention for great selectivity and stability. However, low enhancement factor (EF) limits its practical applications for trace detection. Here, a novel sponge‐like Cu‐doping SnO2‐NiO p‐n semiconductor heterostructure (SnO2‐NiOx/Cu), was first created as a CM‐based SERS substrate with a significant EF of 1.46×1010. This remarkable EF was mainly attributed to the enhanced charge‐separation efficacy of p‐n heterojunction and charge transfer resonance resulted from Cu doping. Moreover, the porous structure enriched the probe molecules, resulting in further SERS signals magnification. By immobilizing CuPc as an inner‐reference element, SnO2‐NiOx/Cu was developed as a SERS nose for selective recognition of multiple lung cancer related VOCs down to ppb level. The information of VOCs was recorded in a barcode, demonstrating practical potential of a desktop SERS device for biomarker screening.
Water Splitting by C60‐Supported Vanadium Single Atoms
Authors: Hou Gao‐Lei , Yang Tao , Li Mengyang , Vanbuel Jan , Lushchikova Olga V. , Ferrari Piero , Bakker Joost M. , Janssens Ewald 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWater splitting is an important source of hydrogen, a promising future carrier for clean and renewable energy. A detailed understanding of the mechanisms of water splitting, catalyzed by supported metal atoms or nanoparticles, is essential to improve the design of efficient catalysts. Here, we report an infrared spectroscopic study of such a water splitting process, assisted by a C60 supported vanadium atom, C60V++H2O→C60VO++H2. We probe both the entrance channel complex C60V+(H2O) and the end product C60VO+, and observe the formation of H2 as a result from resonant infrared absorption. Density functional theory calculations exploring the detailed reaction pathway reveal that a quintet‐to‐triplet spin crossing facilitates the water splitting reaction by C60‐supported V+, whereas this reaction is kinetically hindered on the isolated V+ ion by a high energy barrier. The C60 support has an important role in lowering the reaction barrier with more than 70 kJ mol−1 due to a large orbital overlap of one water hydrogen atom with one carbon atom of the C60 support. This fundamental insight in the water splitting reaction by a C60‐supported single vanadium atom showcases the importance of supports in single atom catalysts by modifying the reaction potential energy surface.