bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large-scale all-optical dissection of motor cortex connectivity reveals a segregated functional organization of mouse forelimb representations
Authors: Resta Francesco , Montagni Elena , de Vito Giuseppe , Scaglione Alessandro , Mascaro Anna Letizia Allegra , Pavone Francesco Saverio 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTIn rodent motor cortex, the rostral forelimb area (RFA) and the caudal forelimb area (CFA) are major actors in orchestrating the control of forelimb complex movements. However, their intrinsic connections and reciprocal functional organization are still unclear, limiting our understanding of how the brain coordinates and executes voluntary movements. Here we causally probed cortical connectivity and activation patterns triggered by transcranial optogenetic stimulation of ethologically relevant complex movements exploiting a novel large-scale all-optical method in awake mice. Results show specific activation features for each movement class, providing evidence for a segregated functional organization of CFA and RFA. Importantly, we identified a second discrete lateral grasping representation area, namely lateral forelimb area (LFA), with unique connectivity and activation patterns. Therefore, we propose the LFA as a distinct motor representation in the forelimb somatotopic motor map.
ACORBA: Automated workflow to measure Arabidopsis thaliana root tip angle dynamic
Authors: Serre Nelson BC , Fendrych Matyas 
Published: July 2021

SummaryPlants respond to the surrounding environment in countless ways. One of these responses is their ability to sense and orient their root growth toward the gravity vector. Root gravitropism is studied in many laboratories as a hallmark of auxin-related phenotypes. However, manual analysis of images and microscopy data is known to be subjected to human bias. This is particularly the case for manual measurements of root bending as the selection lines to calculate the angle are set subjectively. Therefore, it is essential to develop and use automated or semi-automated image analysis to produce reproducible and unbiased data. Moreover, the increasing usage of vertical-stage microscopy in plant root biology yields gravitropic experiments with an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. To this day, there is no available solution to measure root bending angle over time for vertical-stage microscopy. To address these problems, we developed ACORBA (Automatic Calculation Of Root Bending Angles), a fully automated software to measure root bending angle over time from vertical-stage microscope and flatbed scanner images. Moreover, the software can be used semi-automated for camera, mobile phone or stereomicroscope images. ACORBA represents a flexible approach based on both traditional image processing and deep machine learning segmentation to measure root angle progression over time. By its automated nature, the workflow is limiting human interactions and has high reproducibility. ACORBA will support the plant biologist community by reducing time and labor and by producing quality results from various kinds of inputs.Significance statementACORBA is implementing an automated and semi-automated workflow to quantify root bending and waving angles from images acquired with a microscope, a scanner, a stereomicroscope or a camera. It will support the plant biology community by reducing time and labor and by producing trustworthy and reproducible quantitative data.
DNA double strand break position leads to distinct gene expression changes and regulates VSG switching pathway choice
Authors: Thivole Alix , Mehnert Ann-Kathrin , Tihon Eliane , McLaughlin Emilia , Dujeancourt-Henry Annick , Glover Lucy 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTAntigenic variation is an immune evasion strategy used by Trypanosoma brucei that results in the periodic exchange of the surface protein coat. Underlying this process is the movement of variant surface glycoprotein genes in or out of a specialized locus known as bloodstream form expression site by homologous recombination, facilitated by blocks of repetitive sequence known as the 70-bp repeats, that provide homology for gene conversion events. DNA double strand breaks are potent drivers of antigenic variation, however where these breaks must fall to elicit a switch is not well understood. To understand how the position of a break influences antigenic variation we established a series of cell lines to study the effect of an I-SceI meganuclease break in the active expression site. We found that a DNA break within repetitive regions is not productive for VSG switching, and show that the break position leads to a distinct gene expression profile and DNA repair response which dictates how antigenic variation proceeds in African trypanosomes.
Differential requirements for mitochondrial electron transport chain components in the adult murine liver
Authors: Lesner Nicholas P. , Wang Xun , Chen Zhenkang , Frank Anderson , Menezes Cameron , House Sara , Shelton Spencer D. , McFadden David G. , Wansapura Janaka , DeBerardinis Ralph J. , Mishra Prashant 
Published: July 2021

SummaryMitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction due to mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome is a common cause of metabolic disease in humans, and displays striking tissue specificity depending on the affected gene. The mechanisms underlying tissue specific phenotypes are not understood. Complex I (cI) is classically considered the entry point for electrons into the ETC, and in vitro experiments indicate that cI is required for basal respiration and maintenance of the NAD+/NADH ratio, an indicator of cellular redox status. This finding has largely not been tested in vivo. Here, we report that mitochondrial complex I (cI) is dispensable for homeostasis of the adult mouse liver; animals with hepatocyte-specific loss of cI function display no overt phenotypes or signs of liver damage, and maintain liver function, redox and oxygen status. Further analysis of cI-deficient livers did not reveal significant proteomic or metabolic changes, indicating little to no compensation is required in the setting of complex I loss. In contrast, complex IV (cIV) dysfunction in adult hepatocytes results in decreased liver function, impaired oxygen handling, steatosis, and liver damage, accompanied by significant metabolomic and proteomic perturbations. Metabolomic analysis suggests that the electron transfer flavoprotein complex constitutes a major route for electron entry into the hepatic ETC. Our results support a model whereby complex I loss is tolerated in the mouse liver because hepatocytes use alternative electron donors to fuel the mitochondrial ETC.
RAD51AP1 and RAD54 underpin two distinct RAD51-dependent routes of DNA damage repair via homologous recombination
Authors: Selemenakis Platon , Sharma Neelam , Kwon Youngho , Uhrig Mollie , Sung Patrick , Wiese Claudia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHomologous recombination (HR) is a complex DNA damage repair pathway and an attractive target of inhibition in anti-cancer therapy. To help guide the development of efficient HR inhibitors, it is critical to identify compensatory sub-pathways.In this study, we describe a novel synthetic interaction between RAD51AP1 and RAD54, two structurally unrelated proteins that function downstream of the RAD51 recombinase in HR. We show that deletion of both RAD51AP1 and RAD54 synergistically sensitizes human cancer cell lines to treatment with a Poly(adenosine 5’ s-diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, to the DNA inter-strand crosslinking agent mitomycin C, and to hydroxyurea, which stalls the progression of DNA replication forks. We infer that HR-directed anti-cancer treatment modalities shall consider this intra-pathway functional overlap, and we hypothesize that in cancerous cells the simultaneous inactivation of both RAD54 and RAD51AP1 will accentuate tumor kill.
A deep auto-encoder satellite anomaly advance warning framework
Authors: Chen Junfu , Zhao Xiaodong , Pi Dechang 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to ensure the stable operation of satellites in orbit and to assist ground personnel in continuously monitoring the satellite telemetry data and finding anomalies in advance, which can improve the reliability of satellite operation and prevent catastrophic losses.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes a deep auto-encoder (DAE) satellite anomaly advance warning framework for satellite telemetry data. Firstly, this study performs grey correlation analysis, extracts important feature attributes to construct feature vectors and builds the variational auto-encoder with bidirectional long short-term memory generative adversarial network discriminator (VAE/BLGAN). Then, the Mahalanobis distance is used to measure the reconstruction score of input and output. According to the periodic characteristic of satellite operation, a dynamic threshold method based on periodic time window is proposed. Satellite health monitoring and advance warning are achieved using reconstruction scores and dynamic thresholds.

Findings
Experiment results indicate DAE methods can probe that satellite telemetry data appear abnormal, trigger a warning before the anomaly occurring and thus allow enough time for troubleshooting. This paper further verifies that the proposed VAE/BLGAN model has stronger data learning ability than other two auto-encoder models and is sensitive to satellite monitoring data.

Originality/value
This paper provides a DAE framework to apply in the field of satellite health monitoring and anomaly advance warning. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to combine DAE methods with satellite anomaly detection, which can promote the application of artificial intelligence in spacecraft health monitoring.
The use of information management towards strategic decision effectiveness in higher education institutions in the context of Bahrain
Authors: Al Dhaen Esra Saleh 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Strategic decision importance has rarely been investigated as a decision-specific characteristic in the strategic decision-making process (SDMP) literature taking into consideration information management while taking important strategic decisions. Here, the ability of decision importance to predict decision effectiveness as an outcome of SDMPs in higher education institutions (HEIs) is examined in the context of Bahrain.

Design/methodology/approach
A conceptual model is developed relating decision importance to decision effectiveness indirectly via the SDMP characteristics intuition, rationality and decentralization. Data from a cross-sectional questionnaire completed by leaders of HEIs and academics involved in strategic decision-making in Bahrain are used to test the model and hypotheses via correlation analysis. The paper also considers a literature review of the use of information management while taking a strategic decision.

Findings
Decision importance is shown to positively influence decision effectiveness in Bahraini HEIs mediated by rationality and by decentralization in decision-making, although negative effects of decentralization are also demonstrated. However, decision importance does not influence decision effectiveness mediated by intuition.

Research limitations/implications
Due to the small sample size, the results cannot be generalized to contexts beyond HEIs in Bahrain. Additional SDMP characteristics of significance in the context of HEIs could be future investigated, for instance, political behaviour and lateral communication, are not included in the model. Future research exploring the latter two aspects could provide deeper insight into the findings.

Practical implications
The findings of this paper could be considered by HEIs senior management and members of the governing body while strategic decision-making, which could be at different levels, including strategic planning or assessing a strategic decision in terms of effectiveness. This paper will also provide insight one the use of information while considering strategic decision-making.

Social implications
A model leading for effective strategic decision-making could be used by leaders of HEIs and regulators including licensing bodies and QA agencies to set standards for HEIs for sustainable performance and quality education in line with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Initiative. Strategic decision-making will have an impact on the overall performance of HEIs and serve all relevant stakeholder’s including parents, students, employers and industry.

Originality/value
Little research conducted in relation to strategic decision-making in the Gulf Cooperation Council therefore, this research will add original findings and the outcome of this study will lead to future research related to SDMP and the use of information management in the overall strategic decision-making.
A social practice theory perspective on green marketing initiatives and green purchase behavior
Authors: Ali Muhammad 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to ascertain the effects of environmental knowledge and green consumption as mediators on the relationship between green marketing and green buying behavior. This study utilized the definition that needs to customers that are based on environmental concerns and influence the buying behavior for green products. This not only focuses on the ecological concern in organizational operations but also focuses on the customers' knowledge about the environment and how it influences their decisions. Three dimensions have been identified in this research to describe green marketing. These are ecolabeling, green branding and green advertising.Design/methodology/approachA survey research method has been utilized to collect data on a questionnaire adapted from previous research. The data collected have been analyzed with SmartPLS to assess the measurement model for reliability and validity and structural model for hypothesis testing and confirmation.FindingsFocusing on the level of environmental knowledge of customers, it comes to surface that customers in developing countries have lesser knowledge in comparison to the customers in developed countries. This causes concern for the marketing departments in organizations since different customer niches demand different marketing solutions to influence their buying decision. Environmental knowledge does not mediate the relationship between green marketing and green buying behavior whereas green consumption mediates the relationship between green marketing and green buying behavior.Originality/valueThis study incorporates the social practice theory in green marketing research on the organizational level. This study brings together marketing practices under the influence of environmental knowledge for buying behavior formation in a novel manner. The influencing of customer decisions through green marketing strategies determines the success of the marketing initiative. Also, the theoretical foundations on social practice theory and the empirical design of the study to observe the relationships with the survey are new steps.
Effect of eWom on purchase intention: meta-analysis
Authors: Albayrak Merve , Ceylan Cemil 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThe aim of this research is to combine and synthesize the findings of previous studies search for the effects of eWom on purchase intention by meta-analysis.Design/methodology/approachThe paper shows a meta-analysis process step by step. Within the scope of certain criteria, the studies in the Google Scholar and ITÜ library databases were eliminated and the results of the remaining 19 studies were analyzed in CMA (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) program.FindingsBy conducting a meta-analysis of the research question, a common effect size was obtained from 19 studies. In addition, the effect size of 21 eWom (electronic word of mouth communication) factor on purchasing intention related to the 21 hypotheses defined in the study was obtained by means of meta-analysis separately.Originality/valueWith the increasing number of Internet users, the desire to share their comments and ideas on the Internet, and the increasing importance of electronic word of mouth communication in our lives, people's decisions have started to be affected by this situation. One of the decision-making movements is the purchase intention. Therefore, it is expected to see more researches on meta-analysis for the effect of eWom on purchase intention in the following years.
“It's been a good time to reflect on…who isn't worth keeping around”: COVID-19, adolescent relationship maintenance and implications for health education
Authors: Goldstein Alanna , Flicker Sarah 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis paper adds to the growing body of research examining the impacts of COVID-19 physical distancing measures on the everyday lives of young people. It draws on theories of “digital intimacies” and “relationship maintenance” to argue that young people’s reflections on COVID-19, physical distancing and online relationships expose larger gaps in sex, relationships and health education pedagogies.Design/methodology/approachFive semi-structured online focus groups were conducted with Canadian adolescents aged 16–19 probing their experiences of dating and platonic relationships during COVID-19. Narrative thematic analysis methods were used to develop themes outlining how physical distancing measures have affected young people’s relationship norms, expectations and values.FindingsCOVID-19 physical distancing measures and school closures appeared to create the conditions for some young people to productively reflect on the labor involved in the maintenance of their relationships in relation to considerations of proximity, reciprocity and distance. This labor was particularly articulated by female participants, many of whom expressed that life disruptions caused by COVID-19 catalyzed learning about their own relationship needs, desires and boundaries.Research limitations/implicationsResults from this research are not widely generalizable, as each participant had a unique experience with COVID-19 physical distancing measures, schooling and in-person contact. Due to anonymity measures implemented, participant narratives cannot be confidently associated with demographic surveys that hampered the ability to offer an intersectional analysis of participant experience.Originality/valueDiscussions of relationship maintenance and digital intimacies elucidate the limitations of health education’s tendency to construct adolescent relationships as existing along binaries of “healthy” and “unhealthy.” Health education might benefit from more meaningful integration of these concepts.
Greening crowdfunding campaigns: an investigation of message framing and effective communication strategies for funding success
Authors: Rossolini Monica , Pedrazzoli Alessia , Ronconi Alessandro 
Published: July 2021

PurposeRecognising the growing importance of environmental and sustainable activities and the role of communication strategies in soliciting their financing, this work investigates the influence of message framing, green emphasis and quantitative information on the probability of green crowdfunding campaigns' success.Design/methodology/approachThis analysis is based on crowdfunding campaigns published between 2015 and 2020 on the Indiegogo platform in the category “Community projects – Environment”. The study develops an in-depth qualitative content analysis of the projects before performing an empirical examination to determine funding causes.FindingsCommunication strategies (message framing, green emphasis and quantitative goals) affect funding success. However, project category moderates the impact of message framing and green emphasis on campaign success. While positive framing increases agri-food campaign success, negative framing is more effective for clean energy and climate preservation projects. Moreover, indication of a quantitative goal and a marked green emphasis in a project's presentation increase campaign success, but a too marked green emphasis is only effective for agri-food projects.Practical implicationsGreen entrepreneurs and campaign managers must work carefully on their projects' communication, accounting for the type of product proposed, emphasising green components in its description and utilising quantitative information to present future goals. These strategies maximise backers' responses and enable entrepreneurs to obtain funding. The authors’ findings may be extended to other contexts, including the banking sector, to craft effective communication strategies for green financial products.Originality/valueBy applying framing theory in a new context (i.e. the online financing of green entrepreneurs), this study identifies new campaign success determinants and provides evidence for the moderating role of project category. Furthermore, the study highlights the need to develop different communication strategies for social and environmental-oriented projects.
Interfirm collaboration as a performance-enhancing survival strategy within the business models of ethnic minority-owned urban restaurants affected by COVID-19
Authors: Crick James M. , Crick Dave , Chaudhry Shiv 
Published: July 2021

PurposeGuided by resource-based theory, this investigation examines the extent to which knowledge sharing as part of interfirm collaboration serves as a performance-enhancing strategy; that is, in the context of assisting ethnic minority-owned urban restaurants to survive during a major market disruption. Specifically, the study features owner-managers' perceptions concerning the evolving environmental circumstances associated with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.Design/methodology/approachData collection took place among owner-managers of urban restaurants in a Canadian city during the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2020. This featured semi-structured interviews with restaurants' owner-managers originating from various ethnic origins together with secondary data where possible. Data analysis followed an adapted Gioia approach.FindingsExamples of interfirm collaboration include restaurants' owner-managers leveraging social capital and sharing knowledge about the effects of legislation and health guidelines on operating procedures, together with good and bad practices where firms have pivoted their business models via take-outs, patio dining and in-room dining. Irrespective of the strength of network ties (within and across ethnic communities), owner-managers were motivated to share information to facilitate their survival. Nevertheless, this study raises questions over the extent that certain decision-makers exhibit strategic flexibility responding to environmental conditions together with their respective ability to engage/retain customers plus service-oriented employees. In addition, a question is whether some owner-managers will continue to collaborate with their competitors after COVID-19 ends, and if so, with whom and the magnitude of activities. In particular, “trust” via psychological contracts and “complementary strategies” among partners across coethnic and different ethnic origins are key considerations.Originality/valueA body of knowledge exists addressing the notions of both interfirm collaboration and market disruptions in the broader cross-disciplinary literature. However, the interfirm collaborative practices of small firms with ethnic minority ownership that are otherwise rivals remain under-researched. More specifically, interfirm collaboration as a survival strategy for owner-managers during the market disruption arising from a crisis situation features as an original contribution.