bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Patients With Primary Brain Tumors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Massarweh Amir , Tschernichovsky Roi , Stemmer Amos , Benouaich-Amiel Alexandra , Siegal Tali , Eliakim-Raz Noa , Stemmer Salomon M. , Yust-Katz Shlomit 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Immunogenicity of Covid-19 vaccines may be negatively impacted by anti-cancer treatment. The management of primary brain tumor (PBT) patients routinely includes temozolomide and steroids, which are immune-suppressive. In this study, we aimed to determine the rate of seropositivity in PBT patients following receipt of two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
Methods
We prospectively evaluated IgG antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in 17 PBT patients following two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. IgG levels were collected at two time points: T1 - after a median of 44 days from the second vaccine dose and T2 - after a median of 130 days from the second dose. Titers were compared against a group of healthy controls (HC) comprised of patients’ family members/caregivers.
Results
At T1, 88.2% (15/17) of PBT patients achieved seroconversion, compared with 100% (12/12) of HCs. Median IgG titer was significantly lower in the PBT group compared to the HC group (1,908 AU/mL vs 8,198 AU/mL, respectively; p=0.002). At T2, 80% (12/15) of PBT achieved seroconversion, compared to 100% (10/10) of the HCs. Median IgG titer remained significantly lower in the PBT group (410 vs 1687; p=0.002). All three PBT patients who failed to seroconvert at T2 had been treated with corticosteroids during vaccination. In a univariate analysis, steroid use was negatively associated with antibody titer.
Conclusion
Most PBT patients achieve seroconversion after receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine, but with lower IgG titer compared to HCs. Steroid use during the vaccination period is associated with lower titer.
Listeria Species Occurrence and Associated Risk Factors and Antibiogram of Listeria Monocytogenes in Milk and Milk Products in Ambo, Holeta, and Bako Towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Borena Bizunesh Mideksa , Dilgasa Lemma , Gebremedhin Endrias Zewdu , Sarba Edilu Jorga , Marami Lencho Megersa , Kelbesa Kebede Abdisa , Tadese Nega Desalegn 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Listeriosis is a severe foodborne disease of significant burden to public health caused by consuming food contaminated with Listeria species. The current study was aimed to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of Listeria species and assess the antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) isolated from milk and milk products from Holeta, Ambo, and Bako towns, Ethiopia.
Methods
A cross sectional study was employed and a systematic random sampling method was used to collect raw milk and milk products samples. A total of 482 samples (384 milk, 35 cottage cheeses, 30 bulk tank milk, and 33 curdle milk) were collected and isolation and identification of Listeria species were done using standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for L. monocytogenes was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the prevalence of Listeria while Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the association between the prevalence of Listeria and the risk factors and the magnitude of association, respectively
Results
The isolation rate of Listeria species was 7.67% (37/482; 95% confidence interval (CI):5.46, 10.42). The overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 2.28%, (11/482; 95% CI: 1.14 - 4.04). The other species isolated were L. welshimeri 0.62% (3/482; 95% CI:0.13 - 1.81), L. seeligeri 1.04% (5/482; 95% CI:0.33 - 2.40), L. ivanovi 1.24%, (6/482;95% CI:0.45 - 2.68) and L. grayi 2.49% (12/482; 95% CI:5.46 - 10.42). Univariable logistic regression showed that study town, herd size, farm size, number of lactating cows, and management system were the factors significantly associated with for the isolation of Listeria species at farm level while intensive management system was independent predictor at cow level in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio = 3.38, P=0.046). L. monocytogenes isolates showed the highest resistance against oxacillin (100%), amoxicillin (90.91%), and vancomycine (81.82%). L. monocytogenes showed very high multi-drug resistance (MDR) [81.82%].
Conclusion
The current study showed widespread of Listeria species MDR Listeria monocytogenes isolates in cow raw milk and milk products from Ambo, Holeta, and Bako towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.
Deformation Source Revealed From Leveling Survey in Jigokudani Valley, Tateyama Volcano, Japan
Authors: Hotta Kohei , Kusumoto Shigekazu , Takahashi Hidenori , Hayakawa Yuichi S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We modeled vertical deformation detected from leveling survey in Jigokudani valley, Tateyama volcano, central Japan. In Jigokudani valley, uplift of 4 cm/year was previously detected during the period from 2007 to 2010 by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). To confirm whether this inflation has continued to the present, we conducted leveling survey in Jigokudani valley since 2015. Most bench marks showed subsidence up to 5.6 cm during the four-year period from October 2016 to September 2020, while a bench mark locates at the center of the leveling route uniquely showed uplift of 1.6 cm. We applied a dislocation source model to the deformation using a grid search method. A crack with a length of 350 m, a width of 100 m, a strike of N117°E and a dip of 61° is located at a depth of 50 m near the center of Jigokudani valley (Koya jigoku and the new fumarolic area) where highly activating recently. Closing of the crack of 344 cm yields volume decreases of 120,400 m3. Striking direction of the crack is parallel to the line of which are old explosion craters (Mikurigaike and Midorigaike ponds) and corresponds to current maximum compressive stress field in the region of Hida Mountains including Tateyama volcano. The deformation source of the previous period from 2007 to 2010 detected from InSAR was estimated to be at a depth of 50 m and a gas chamber was correspondingly found from the audio-frequency magnetotelluric (AMT) survey. The estimated crack in this study is also located at a similar position of the gas chamber which was also identified from AMT survey. During the period from 2015 to 2016, the crack opened (i.e., inflated) and the inflation stopped during the next one-year period from 2016 to 2017. During the period from 2017 to 2020, the crack turned to closing (i.e., deflation), probably because of the increase in emission of volcanic fluid or gas with a formation of a new crater at the western side of Jigokudani valley (Yahata jigoku) during the period from 2017 to 2018.
Increasing importance of anammox process: the present status and its development trend in municipal wastewater treatment system
Authors: Ren Qiang , Gao Junling , Imtiaz Syed Asad , Li Chunqing , Huang Hai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation processes for the removal of nitrogen from municipal wastewater (known as ‘mainstream anammox’) are being involved in an on-going paradigm shift of the next generation of wastewater treatment plants due to their energy and resource efficiency. This review aims to present and summarize the recent research results of nitrogen removal performance and mechanism on mainstream anammox for its further successful application. The commonly encountered barriers are also discussed. It is proposed that the improvement of technology and the development of the mechanism for industrial application in municipal wastewater treatment are necessary. In particular, a framework of operable solutions to these difficulties and challenges is suggested and the partial denitratation/anammox process for treating municipal wastewater is specifically indicated as a significant research direction of new anammox development.
Comparison of contrasts in rainfall and drought characteristics in the Chambal basin in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Thomas T. , Singh R. M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe availability of water resources is under stress due to its unsustainable exploitation. The Chambal basin is located in the water-scarce region in India with average annual rainfall varying between 687.1 mm in the Rajasthan (RJ) region and 938.2 mm in the Madhya Pradesh (MP) region. On average, there are 48 rainy days in the MP region and 39 rainy days in the RJ region of the Chambal basin. Fourteen drought years have been identified during the period spanning 34 years (1985–2018). 44% of basin area located in the MP region and 54% of basin area located in the RJ are found to be drought-prone. The Standardized Precipitation Index-based evaluation of drought characteristics indicated higher drought frequency in the RJ region varying between 1 in 3 years and 1 in 4 years and between 1 in 3 years and 1 in 5 years in the MP region, which has also been substantiated by the Relative Departure Index (RDI), namely average RDI for RJ (0.69) and MP (0.58). The understanding of the contrasts in rainfall and drought characteristics in upper reaches (MP region) and lower reaches (RJ region) of the Chambal basin will help in holistic management and sharing of water resources based on these contrasts and constraints.
Opposing Roles of Antimicrobial Peptides in Skin Cancers
Authors: Kiatsurayanon Chanisa , Peng Ge , Niyonsaba François 
Published: October 2021

:
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides, are ubiquitous naturally occurring
molecules secreted by various cell types of the body. In the skin, AMPs serve as a first-line innate immune
defense against exogenous microorganisms, and they orchestrate adaptive immune responses to exert several
immunomodulatory functions. Emerging evidence indicates that AMPs not only contribute to certain inflammatory
skin diseases but also play a role in skin tumor carcinogenesis. Available data support the hypothesis that
AMPs possess both pro-tumor and anti-neoplastic properties. Although inconsistent observations reported by
multiple studies make it challenging to summarize the precise roles of AMPs in cancer, the differential expression
of AMPs in skin cancers, such as the increased expression of human beta-defensins in squamous cell carcinoma
and the ability of cathelicidin LL-37 to induce malignant melanoma cell invasion, implies they have procancer
activities. On the other hand, the observation that certain AMPs show cytotoxic activity against cancer
cells of the colon and kidney suggests their inherent antitumor properties. In this review, we describe the roles
and mechanisms of AMPs in skin cancer development. We believe that further research is needed to elucidate
the impact of these AMPs in skin cancer biology and to explore their potential roles as diagnostic/prognostic
biomarkers and as novel therapeutic targets.
Impact of educational intervention on knowledge and awareness of TB among secondary school students in The Gambia
Authors: Owolabi Olumuyiwa Adesina , Genekah Monica Davies , Njie Sainabou , Jallow Momodou Kumba , Jobe Alhaji , Tunkara Abdoulie , Touray Awa , Gibba Madeline Isatou , Barry Salieu , Sowe Gambia , Loum Isatou , Donkor Simon , Wurie Alieu , Sallahdeen Azeezat , Sutherland Jayne 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
Health education and awareness campaigns about tuberculosis (TB) can empower adolescents on different aspects of the disease and its management, resulting in early and appropriate care seeking behavior through their advocacy in the community. We assessed the impact of educational intervention on knowledge and awareness about TB among adolescents in the greater Banjul area of The Gambia where approximately 70% of national TB cases are notified.

Materials and Methods:
A school-based, interventional analytical study, and interactive educational workshop was conducted among grade 12 students of the Methodist Academy Secondary School in Bakau, Banjul The Gambia. The workshop activities included illustrative demonstrations using posters, flipcharts, infographics, and games to convey TB messages in six domains: (1) Basic knowledge; (2) symptoms; (3) risk factors (4) modes of transmission; (5) treatment; and (6) care and support. Structured questionnaires were used to assess changes in the student’s knowledge and awareness about TB in the six domains before and after the workshop. Data were analyzed using proportional percentages, mean (95% CI) and differences standard error (SE) and student paired t-test.

Results:
Ninety-six students participated in the workshop out of which 92 (96%) students completed both pre- and post-test questionnaires. Sixty-eight percent of the students were females and 58% were from the science stream of the grade 12 students who participated in our workshop. The mean difference and SE between the pre- and post-workshop test scores in the six domains were: basic knowledge: +1.4 (0.2; P < 0.0001); symptoms: +1.5 (0.2; P < 0.0001); risk factors: +3.1 (0.3; P < 0.0001); modes of transmission: +1.2 (0.2; P < 0.0001); treatment: +0.8 (0.1; P < 0.0001); and care and support of TB: +0.5 (0.1; P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:
This school-based educational interactive workshop significantly improved the knowledge and awareness of the students especially in understanding the causative agent and risk factors of TB disease. We recommend exposure of students to TB educational activities as part of the school curriculum. The knowledge acquired in this workshop is likely to have impact on the wider community and should be assessed in future follow-up studies to determine if it impacts positively on views held within the wider community.
Professor V.G. Shlopov – an outstanding representative of domestic pathological anatomy (to the 80th birthday)
Authors: Zerbino D.D. , Chaikovskyi Yu.B. , Chernii V.I. , Sviatenko T.V. , Volos L.I. , Svystunov I.V. , Mykhailychenko T.Ye. 
Published: October 2021

Professor V.G. Shlopov – an outstanding representative of domestic pathological anatomy (to the 80th birthday)
Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Techniques for Solving Multi-Objectives on Single Machine Scheduling Problem
Authors: Hameed Alaa Sabah , Chachan Hanan Ali 
Published: October 2021

In this paper, two of the local search algorithms are used (genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization), in scheduling number of products (n jobs) on a single machine to minimize a multi-objective function which is denoted as (total completion time, total tardiness, total earliness and the total late work). A branch and bound (BAB) method is used for comparing the results for (n) jobs starting from (5-18). The results show that the two algorithms have found the optimal and near optimal solutions in an appropriate times.
The Long-term Consequences of Ordeals: Evidence from the Chinese Sent-Down Movement
Authors: Peng Shuhong 
Published: October 2021

The Chinese sent-down movement between the mid 1950s to the late 1970s is a suffering period for Chinese sent-down youths. Using the treatment effect model and the ordered probit model, we examine the impact of sent-down experience on sent-down youths’ income and happiness based on the sample of CGSS2003 and CGSS2006. By doing so, we can explore the long-term consequences of one’s suffering experience. The overall sample regression results show that sent-down experience increase 42% of individuals’ income, while reducing 13% of individuals’ happiness. Sub-sample analysis results are robust to the collusion that the sent-down experience makes a positive impact on income and a negative impact on happiness. This study provides objective evidence for the historical evaluation of sent-down movement, new interpretation for the Easterlin paradox from the view of personality latitude, new empirical evidence for supporting the new human capital theory, useful inspiration for the current sent-down policy of college graduates’ employment.
الموقف العراقي من إعلان الدولة العثمانية الجهاد في الحرب لعالمية الأولى
Authors: ياسين عبد نادية 
Published: October 2021

دخلت الدولة العثمانية الحرب العالمية الأولى إلى جانب دول الوسط في الخامس من تشرين الثاني 1914، وهو تاريخ التحرك الفعلي للقوات البريطانية صوب العراق. ومنذ الأيام الأولى للحرب وبعد إعلان التعبئة العامة سعت الدولة العثمانية إلى إتباع كل السبل الكفيلة بتحقيق الاستفادة من كل إمكانات الولايات التي تحت سلطتها لتعزيز قدراتها العسكرية، وكان إعلان الجهاد احد ابرز تلك السبل. ففي السابع من تشرين الثاني 1914 اصدر شيخ الإسلام خيري أفندي فتوى الجهاد، تبعها إعلان السلطان العثماني، في الحادي عشر من الشهر نفسه، بلاغا حث فيه على الحرب من اجل الدفاع عن الدولة العثمانية والاسلام.
في الوقت ذاته توجهت الحكومة العثمانية بجهدها نحو علماء الدين وارسلت وفدا من بغداد إلى البارزين منهم لبحث الموقف من الحرب، واستقبل الوفد بحفاوة وأعلن عدد من علماء الدين على المنابر وجوب مشاركة الحكومة المسلمة في "دفع الكفار عن بلاد الإسلام”.
حاولنا من خلال البحث الإجابة عن مجموعة من التساؤلات الخاصة بالموقف العراقي من اعلان الجهاد. يتقدمها لماذا اتجهت الدولة العثمانية الى اعلان الجهاد؟ هل كان تفاعل علماء الدين العراقيين عن قناعة؟ كيف تفاعل المواطن العراقي البسيط وابن العشيرة مع هذه الدعوة وما هو حجم الاستجابة لها؟ هل كان للمواطن العراقي دور في ساحات القتال؟ وما هو حجم هذا الدور وطبيعته والنتائج التي ترتبت عليه؟ وكيف كان موقف الفئة المثقفة من اعلان الجهاد؟ للخروج بنتيجة عن تأثير كل هذا على الواقع العراقي.
التطورات الاقتصادية في العراق (1953-1955)
Authors: حسن بديوي صباح 
Published: October 2021

شهد العراق خلال المدة (1953- 1955) حركة اقتصادية قادتها الدولة العراقية آنذاك بغية الوصول الى تقدم البلاد وازدهارها وان كانت هناك بعض الاخفاقات التي حالت دون التطبيق الكامل لبعض القوانين ، الا انه بوجه عام يمكننا القول ان العراق قد حقق حلال مدة الدراسة نقلة نوعية في الحالات الاقتصادية كافة وهناك رغبة حقيقة من جانب الدولة بإنجاز تقدم اقتصادي في البلاد على الرغم من الظروف السياسية الداخلية المتمثلة بالمعارضة السياسية والظروف الاقليمية وما يشهده الاقليم من تقلبات سياسية كان في مقدمتها احداث ايران عام 1953.
التحليل الجغرافي لظاهرة ترمل النساء في مدينة العمارة
Authors: عبود درجال وسام 
Published: October 2021

تعد ظاهرة ترمل النساء من المشكلات الاجتماعية التي تنتشر في المجتمعات التي تكثر فيها الحروب وتفشي الامراض وتدهور الواقع الاقتصادي والصحي والاجتماعي لاسيما في المجتمعات العربية، ولها تداعيات ونتائج سلبية ليس على الأرملة وأطفالها فحسب ، وانما على الأسرة والمجتمع على حد سواء .
يهدف البحث للكشف عن ظاهرة ترمل النساء في مدينة العمارة خلال عام (2020)، ومعرفة الخصائص الديموغرافية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية للنساء الأرامل، أعتمد البحث على الدراسة الميدانية وتوصل الى عدة نتائج أهمها ارتفاع وفيات الازواج عند الفئة العمرية الاكثر من اربعين سنة، وبعدد افراد مرتفع، وانخفاض مستوى دخلها، وتدني مستوى تعليمه، وعدم توفر السكن الملائم لها، وانخفاض فرصة العمل لديها، كذلك اظهر البحث جملة من الأسباب ساهمت في ارتفاع ظاهرة الترمل، ومعرفة أهم الاثار الاقتصادية والصحية والاجتماعية المترتبة على ترمل النساء.
التغير المناخي وتأثيره على الاتجاهات العامة لدرجة حرارة أيام الانقلاب الصيفي في العراق
Authors: ناصر عبود الكاني مالك 
Published: October 2021

يواجه العالم اليوم تغيرات كبيرة حاصلة في المناخ والتي أصبح لها تأثيراً واضحاً وعلى العناصر المناخية؛ فإلارتفاع الكبير في درجات الحرارة وانخفاضها أثر بشكل حاد على انتظام حرارة الأرض، ونتيجة التزايد في درجة الحرارة قد يؤثر على بقية عناصر المناخ الأخرى في الغلاف الجوي.
وتهدف الدراسة للكشف عن تأثير التغيير المناخي في الاتجاهات الخصائص الحرارية اليومية العامة في أيام الإنقلاب الصيفي في العراق، وتحليل العلاقة ومعرفة تأثيره على العناصر المناخية، أظهر التباين الزماني والمكاني دوراً واضح في تغيير الاتجاهات العامة لمؤشر القييم اليومية لدرجات الحرارة، إذ أسهم التباين (الانعكاس) واضحاً على الاتجاه العام للعناصر الحرارية وعلى المستوى اليومي والسنوي في أيام الانقلاب الصيفي، ومن خلال تحليل العناصر المناخية محطات الدراسة للمدة (1980-2018)، إذ شهد تغيراً في منطقة الدراسة باتجاه تزايد (موجباً) الحرارة اليومية المتمثلة بالمعدل درجة الحرارة العظمى والصغرى ودرجة الحرارة الاعتيادية، إذ ركزّت الدراسة على المنهج التحليل الوصفي الى جانب استعمال ببرنامج احصائية متمثلة برنامج (EXCEL).
علاقة الرأفة بالذات بالتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: عبدالله الزبيدي رحيم 
Published: October 2021

يهدف الباحث الحالي التعرف على العلاقة الارتباطية بين الرأفة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة ، وسعى البحث التعرف على:
1- الرأفة بالذات لدى طلبة الجامعة .
2- التنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة .
3- العلاقة الارتباطية بين الرأفة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة .
4- الفرق في العلاقة بين الرأفة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة تبعا لمتغيري الجنس والتخصص .
وتحدد البحث بطلبة كلية التربية في الجامعة المستنصرية الدراسات الصباحية ولكلا الجنسين (ذكور- أناث) ولكلا التخصصين (علمي- انساني) للعام الدراسي(2020- 2021) .
قام الباحث ببناء أداتين لتحقيق أهداف البحث الأولى لمعرفة الرأفة بالذات والثانية لمعرفة التنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة وبعد التطبق الالكتروني على عينة وأجراء الوسائل الإحصاية توصل البحث الى النتائج الآتية :
1- وجود الرأفة بالذات لدى طلبة الجامعة
2- وجود تنظيم اجتماعي لدى طلبة الجامعة
3- وجود علاقة ارتباطية بين الرأفة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة
4- توصلت النتائج الى وجود فروق بين الرافة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي بين الجنسين ولصالح الأناث وكذلك وجود فروق بين التخصص ولصالح التخصص الأنساني.
Contribuição a uma história do roteiro
Authors: Heffner Hernani 
Published: October 2021

A partir da importância dada a roteiros nas revistas de cinema, como a Cinearte, à relação de cineastas (como Humberto Mauro) com o roteiro, a sinopse e o argumento, o autor procura salientar uma migração de “homens de letras”, na década de 1920, até alcançar o cinema moderno brasileiro. Por um viés historiográfico são percorridas as obras de roteiristas do período clássico, como Alinor de Azevedo, do cinema moderno, como Eduardo Coutinho e Glauber Rocha, até algumas tendências dos roteiristas brasileiros no cinema dos anos oitenta e de retomada.
Emotional potential in the children's team
Authors: Svatenkova Tetyana I. , Svatenkov Oleksandr V. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Increased interest in the study various groups that perform joint activities in social, organizational, economic, sports psychology and work psychology nowadays. The urgency is: the fast changing forms of work organization based on the high economic interest and responsibility all members of the group; relative production-economic and organizational-managerial independence of labor collectives, which contributes to the self-organization development and self-government forms improvement; the team fitness issue is becoming more and more relevant.
Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the group psychological work influence on the children emotional intelligence development and the processes of psychological stability and cohesion in a sport team.
Methodology. We used the comprehensive diagnosis of the child's personality and status in the group (n=622). The main accent was made on the level of emotional intelligence (EQ) and sociometric status of the child. The main hypothesis: the higher the child`s EQ level, the higher its sociometric status. The standard PASW Statistics method was used to process the statistics.
Results. Sociometric tests: 223 children had a low sociometric status (36%); 242 - satisfactory and within the norm limits (39%), 75 - above the average (12%), and only 81 had a high sociometric status (13%). The EQ level indicators (integrative level): 317 respondents had a low EQ level (51%); 218 - the average level (35%) and only 87 respondents had a high EI level (14%).
Conclusions. After the implementation of the author's program for adaptation and the child emotional intelligence development, we have results: Sociometric test: only 56 children have lower sociometric status (9%); 144 - satisfactory and average (23%); 223 - above average (36%) and 199 - high sociometric status (32%). EQ level (integrative level), we also have positive changes: only 111 respondents remained with a low level of emotional intelligence (18%); 386 developed the level of emotional intelligence to the average (62%) and 125 had a high level of emotional intelligence (20%)