bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapy Regimens in Esophagectomy and Gastrectomy: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tukanova Karina H. , Chidambaram Swathikan , Guidozzi Nadia , Hanna George B. , McGregor Alison H. , Markar Sheraz R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Esophageal and gastric cancer surgery are associated with considerable morbidity, specifically postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), potentially accentuated by underlying challenges with malnutrition and cachexia affecting respiratory muscle mass. Physiotherapy regimens aim to increase the respiratory muscle strength and may prevent postoperative morbidity.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of physiotherapy regimens in patients treated with esophagectomy or gastrectomy.

Methods
An electronic database search was performed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL and Pedro databases. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the impact of physiotherapy on the functional capacity, incidence of PPCs and postoperative morbidity, in-hospital mortality rate, length of hospital stay (LOS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Results
Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and seven cohort studies assessing prehabilitation totaling 960 patients, and five RCTs and five cohort studies assessing peri- or postoperative physiotherapy with 703 total patients, were included. Prehabilitation resulted in a lower incidence of postoperative pneumonia and morbidity (Clavien–Dindo score ≥ II). No difference was observed in functional exercise capacity and in-hospital mortality following prehabilitation. Meanwhile, peri- or postoperative rehabilitation resulted in a lower incidence of pneumonia, shorter LOS, and better HRQoL scores for dyspnea and physical functioning, while no differences were found for the QoL summary score, global health status, fatigue, and pain scores.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis suggests that implementing an exercise intervention may be beneficial in both the preoperative and peri- or postoperative periods. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanism through which exercise interventions improve clinical outcomes and which patient subgroup will gain the maximal benefit.
Synthesis and Chiroptical Properties of One-Handed Helical Oligo-o-phenylene-ethynylenes Using Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane
Authors: Miki Nanami , Inoue Ryo , Morisaki Yasuhiro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Both enantiomers of a one-handed helical molecule consisting of an o-arylene-ethynylene skeleton were prepared using a planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane. The helicity of the molecule was controlled by its planar chirality. Excellent chiroptical properties were observed; in particular, the molecule emitted intense circularly polarized luminescence with a high |glum| value of the order of 10−2.
Crystalline-State Photochromism of a Newly Synthesized Rhodium Dithionite Complex with Inflexible Cyclo-Pentyl Groups
Authors: Kajiwara Yuu , Nakai Hidetaka 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A rhodium dinuclear complex having inflexible cyclo-pentyltetramethylcyclopentadienyl (CpCyPen = η5-C5Me4cyclo-C5H9) and photoresponsive dithionite (μ-O2SSO2) ligands, [(CpCyPenRh)2(μ-CH2)2(μ-O2SSO2)] (1CyPen), was newly synthesized. Crystalline-state photochromism between 1CyPen and the corresponding μ-O2SOSO complex (2CyPen) was successfully investigated by performing time-dependent X-ray diffraction experiments. Without any degradation of the crystal, type-T inverse photochromic reaction based on the μ-O2SSO2 ligand proceeded within the rigid reaction cavity formed by the inflexible CpCyPen ligands.
A Thermally Robust Cyclic Dialkylsilylene
Authors: Abe Takashi , Ishida Shintaro , Iwamoto Takeaki 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We report herein a new cyclic dialkylsilylene (1d), whose thermal stability is considerably improved compared to the previously reported isolable dialkylsilylenes. Dialkylsilylene 1d does not decompose in benzene-d6 solution for at least one month at room temperature.
Problems with the Adhesion of Chemical-solution-deposited Films? Solving the Problem of CdS Thin Film Adhesion with a Very Simple and Green Chemical Procedure
Authors: García-Valenzuela Jorge A , Baez-Gaxiola Martha R , Cota-Leal Marcos 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A novel, very simple, and environmentally friendly chemical procedure is presented for solving the problem of adhesion of chemical-solution-deposited CdS thin films to tin-free glass sheets and silicon wafers: the addition of a single drop (0.05 mL) of 0.05 M Al2(SO4)3 solution for every 100 mL of reaction solution. The issue of film adhesion is fully explained, and the in situ effect of the added Al3+ ions, which occurs through modification of the substrate surface by adsorption of the Al(OH)4− ions formed in the alkaline reaction solution, is explained in detail. With this chemical procedure, the addition of more toxic cadmium salt is not required, and no tedious sensitization procedures or slow reactions at low temperatures are needed. Also, it is demonstrated that the addition of one drop of 0.05 M Al2(SO4)3 into the reaction solution does not affect the growth rate, the chemical composition, or the optical and electrical properties of the resulting CdS thin films.
Know Where to Invest: Platform Risk Evaluation in Online Lending
Authors: Wang Zhao , Jiang Cuiqing , Zhao Huimin 
Published: December 2021

Practice- and policy-oriented abstract for “Research Spotlights” Although enjoying rapid development, online lending also endures some unusual risk, that is, platform risk. We address a new problem at the macro platform level, platform risk evaluation, and explore types of information and methods that are effective in predicting platform risk. We identify four types of information, that is, platform characteristic, risk management, commercial competition, and online word of mouth, and examine their utilities, separately and jointly, in predicting platform risk. We also propose the use of survival analysis, especially the mixture survival model, in predicting whether and when a platform will default. We carry out a cross-stage analysis using data crawled from two leading web portals for online lending in China with the two stages separated by the recent dramatic policy intervention. The results reveal the differences among the four identified factors in terms of predictive utility, the heterogeneity between the two types of default platforms, and differences between the start-up and stable periods of platform development. Based on the results, we derive some insights and examine the cross-stage changes and commonalities. We provide both lessons learned from the past and practical implications for market managers and lenders in the current online lending market.
Outcomes among children and adults at risk of severe dengue in Sri Lanka: Opportunity for outpatient case management in countries with high disease burden
Authors: Bodinayake Champica K. , Nagahawatte Ajith DeS , Devasiri Vasantha , Dahanayake Niroshana J. , Wijayaratne Gaya B. , Weerasinghe Nayani P. , Premamali Madureka , Sheng Tianchen , Nicholson Bradly P. , Ubeysekera Harshanie A. , Kurukulasooriya Ruvini MP , de Silva Aruna D. , Østbye Truls , Woods Christopher W. , Tillekeratne L Gayani 
Published: December 2021

Background
Healthcare systems in dengue-endemic countries are often overburdened due to the high number of patients hospitalized according to dengue management guidelines. We systematically evaluated clinical outcomes in a large cohort of patients hospitalized with acute dengue to support triaging of patients to ambulatory versus inpatient management in the future.

Methods/Principal findings
From June 2017- December 2018, we conducted surveillance among children and adults with fever within the prior 7 days who were hospitalized at the largest tertiary-care (1,800 bed) hospital in the Southern Province, Sri Lanka. Patients who developed platelet count ≤100,000/μL (threshold for hospital admission in Sri Lanka) and who met at least two clinical criteria consistent with dengue were eligible for enrollment. We confirmed acute dengue by testing sera collected at enrollment for dengue NS1 antigen or IgM antibodies. We defined primary outcomes as per the 1997 and 2009 World Health Organization (WHO) classification criteria: dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF; WHO 1997), dengue shock syndrome (DSS; WHO 1997), and severe dengue (WHO 2009). Overall, 1064 patients were confirmed as having acute dengue: 318 (17.4%) by NS1 rapid antigen testing and 746 (40.7%) by IgM antibody testing. Of these 1064 patients, 994 (93.4%) were adults ≥18 years and 704 (66.2%) were male. The majority (56, 80%) of children and more than half of adults (544, 54.7%) developed DHF during hospitalization, while 6 (8.6%) children and 22 (2.2%) adults developed DSS. Overall, 10 (14.3%) children and 113 (11.4%) adults developed severe dengue. A total of 2 (0.2%) patients died during hospitalization.

Conclusions
One-half of patients hospitalized with acute dengue progressed to develop DHF and a very small number developed DSS or severe dengue. Developing an algorithm for triaging patients to ambulatory versus inpatient management should be the future goal to optimize utilization of healthcare resources in dengue-endemic countries.
Peri-abortion contraceptive counseling: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Gonzales-Huaman Patricia , Fernandez-Chinguel Jose Ernesto , Taype-Rondan Alvaro 
Published: December 2021

Objective
To assess the effects of peri-abortion contraceptive counseling interventions.

Methods
We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effect of different types of peri-abortion contraceptive counseling interventions and were published as original papers in scientific journals. The literature search was performed in June 2021 in PubMed, Central Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), Scopus, and Google Scholar; without restrictions in language or publication date. Two independent authors identified studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and extracted the data. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool, and evidence certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. Whenever possible, meta-analyses were performed. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42020187354).

Results
Eleven RCTs were eligible for inclusion (published from 2004 to 2017), from which nine compared enhanced versus standard counseling. Pooled estimates showed that, compared to standard counseling, enhanced counseling was associated with a higher incidence of effective contraceptive use (>3 months) (relative risk [RR], 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–1.16), although no significant difference was found in the incidence of long-acting reversible contraceptive use (RR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.68–2.29), contraceptive uptake (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.98–1.15), and obstetric event occurrence (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.57–1.47). Certainty of evidence was very low for all outcomes. In addition, two studies compared contraceptive counseling provided by physicians versus that provided by non-physicians, which did not show significant differences.

Conclusions
Enhanced contraceptive counseling may favor effective contraceptive use but may not affect the rate of obstetric event occurrence. Also, the studies did not find a difference in the effects of counseling interventions given by different providers. Since evidence certainty was very low, future well-designed RCTs are needed to make informed decisions.

Registration
The study protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42020187354).
Diagnostic accuracy of Truenat Tuberculosis and Rifampicin-Resistance assays in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Meaza Abyot , Tesfaye Ephrem , Mohamed Zemedu , Zerihun Betselot , Seid Getachew , Eshetu Kirubel , Amare Miskir , Sinshaw Waganeh , Dagne Biniyam , Mollalign Hilina , Diriba Getu , Getu Melak , Yenew Bazezew , Tadesse Mengistu , Fikadu Dinka , Abebaw Yeshiwork , Moga Shewki , Kebede Abebaw , Tola Habteyes Hailu , Alemu Ayinalem , Getahun Muluwork , Gumi Balako 
Published: December 2021

Background
Rapid and sensitive Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis closer to patients is a key global TB control priority. Truenat assays (MTB, MTB Plus, and MTB-RIF Dx) are new TB molecular diagnostic tools for the detection of TB and Rifampicin (RIF)-resistance from sputum samples. The diagnostic accuracy of the assays is needed prior to implementation in clinical use in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of Truenat assays; and aimed to compare the assays to the Xpert MTB/RIF assay.

Methods
A prospective evaluation study was conducted among 200 presumptive TB patients in microscopy centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from May 2019 to December 2020. Culture (Solid and Liquid methods) and phenotypic (liquid method) drug susceptibility testing (DST) were used as a reference standard.

Results
Of 200 adult participants, culture confirmed TB cases were 25 (12.5%), and only one isolate was resistant to RIF by phenotypic DST. The sensitivity of Truenat MTB was 88.0% [95% CI 70.1, 95.8], while 91.7 [95% CI 74.2, 97.7] for Truenat MTB Plus at the microscopy centers. The specificity of Truenat MTB was 97.2% [95% CI 93.1, 98.9], while for Truenat MTB Plus was 97.2% [95% CI 93.0, 99.0]. The sensitivity of Truenat MTB was 90.5% while for MTB Plus, 100% compared to the Xpert MTB/RIF assay.

Conclusion
Truenat assays were found to have high diagnostic accuracy. The assays have the potential to be used as a point of care (POC) TB diagnostic tests.
Colchicine use in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chiu Leonard , Lo Chun-Han , Shen Max , Chiu Nicholas , Aggarwal Rahul , Lee Jihui , Choi Young-Geun , Lam Henry , Prsic Elizabeth Horn , Chow Ronald , Shin Hyun Joon 
Published: December 2021

Introduction
Colchicine may inhibit inflammasome signaling and reduce proinflammatory cytokines, a purported mechanism of COVID-19 pneumonia. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to report on the state of the current literature on the use of colchicine in COVID-19 and to investigate the reported clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients by colchicine usage.

Methods
The literature was searched from January 2019 through January 28, 2021. References were screened to identify studies that reported the effect of colchicine usage on COVID-19 outcomes including mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, or mechanical ventilation. Studies were meta-analyzed for mortality by the subgroup of trial design (RCT vs observational) and ICU status. Studies reporting an risk ratio (RR), odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) were analyzed separately.

Results
Eight studies, reporting on 16,248 patients, were included in this review. The Recovery trial reported equivalent mortality between colchicine and non-colchicine users. Across the other studies, patients who received colchicine had a lower risk of mortality—HR of 0.25 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.66) and OR of 0.22 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.57). There was no statistical difference in risk of ICU admissions between patients with COVID-19 who received colchicine and those who did not–OR of 0.26 (95% CI: 0.06, 1.09).

Conclusion
Colchicine may reduce the risk of mortality in individuals with COVID-19. Further prospective investigation may further determine the efficacy of colchicine as treatment in COVID-19 patients in various care settings of the disease, including post-hospitalization and long-term care.
Severe pulmonary complications after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy are common and contribute to decreased overall survival
Authors: Sand Olivia , Andersson Mikael , Arakelian Erebouni , Cashin Peter , Semenas Egidijus , Graf Wilhelm 
Published: December 2021

Background and objectivesExtensive abdominal surgery is associated with the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. This study aims to explore the incidence and risk factors for developing postoperative pulmonary complications after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and to analyze how these complications affect overall survival.MethodsData were collected on 417 patients undergoing surgery between 2007 and2017 at Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. Postoperative pulmonary complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification system where Grade ≥ 3 was considered a severe complication. A logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications and a Cox proportional hazards model to assess impact on survival.ResultsSeventy-two patients (17%) developed severe postoperative pulmonary complications. Risk factors were full thickness diaphragmatic injury and/or diaphragmatic resection [OR 5.393, 95% CI 2.924–9.948, p = < 0.001]. Severe postoperative pulmonary complications, in combination with non-pulmonary complications, contributed to decreased overall survival [HR 2.285, 95% CI 1.232–4.241, p = 0.009].ConclusionsSevere postoperative pulmonary complications were common and contributed to decreased overall survival. Full thickness diaphragmatic injury and/or diaphragmatic resection were the main risk factors. This finding emphasizes the need for further research on the mechanisms behind pulmonary complications and their association with mortality.
Development of hepatocellular carcinoma from various phases of chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Suzuki Takanori , Matsuura Kentaro , Nagura Yoshihito , Iio Etsuko , Ogawa Shintaro , Fujiwara Kei , Nojiri Shunsuke , Kataoka Hiromi , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: December 2021

Background & aims
There is insufficient data on the clinical course of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients in the immune-tolerant (IT) and immune-clearance, inactive (IC) phases over a long follow-up period.

Design
We enrolled 466 CHB patients from our historical cohort, including 56 IT+MA　 (mildly active), 134 IC, 230 with chronic active hepatitis (CH) and 46 with liver cirrhosis (LC), who were categorized to each phase by at least one year of follow-up period from the first visit to our hospital. We investigated long-term risks, and their factors, of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the transition between the clinical phases, especially in the IT+MA and IC groups.

Results
Of the 56 patients in the IT+MA group, 27 remained the IT+MA phase, but 29 transitioned to the CH phase and started nucleot(s)ide analogue (NA) treatment during the follow-up period. Meanwhile, of the 134 patients in the IC group, only 5 started NA treatment after progressing to the CH phase. The development of HCC from the IT+MA, IC, CH, and LC groups was observed in 2, 2, 9, and 20 cases, respectively. The cumulative incidence rates of developing HCC in the IT+MA, IC, CH, and LC groups were 9.9, 1.8, 3.0, and 53.1% at 10 years. In the CH and LC group, patients who developed HCC were older, had higher levels of FIB-4 index, M2BPGi, HBcrAg and AFP, and had lower levels of albumin and platelet counts. In CH patients, FIB-4 index levels were elevated at the diagnosis of HCC compared to baseline, whereas these decreased during the follow-up period in non-HCC patients.

Conclusions
HCC occurred at a certain rate among patients in the IT+MA and IC groups. Careful follow-up is required for CH patients with higher levels of FIB-4 index and/or M2BPGi because of the high incidence of HCC development. (299 words)
Antonio Gregorio Rosell y Viciano (ca. 1748-1829): instituciones matemáticas (1785)
Authors: Español González Luis , Manterola Zabala Juncal 
Published: December 2021

La Imprenta Real publicó en 1785 Instituciones Matemáticas de Antonio Rosell, catedrático desde enero de 1772 en los Reales Estudios de San Isidro en Madrid. El autor anunció dos volúmenes, el primero contiene la aritmética numérica y los principios del álgebra, pero el segundo quedó inédito. Rosell afirma que quiere escribir un «texto de matemática pura» dirigido a «matemáticos de profesión». Presentamos una descripción detallada del libro, precedida por indicaciones biográficas sobre el autor y aspectos generales de la obra citada.
Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Dan Waktu Inkubasi Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Selulase Dari Bakteri Serratia marcescens
Authors: Kurniawati Laily , Kusdiyantini Endang , Wijanarka W 
Published: December 2021

Enzymes are biocatalysts in living cells when cells metabolize. All living organisms are produced enzymes, both humans, animals, plants and microorganisms. One of the bacteria that has the potential to produce cellulose (EC 3.2.1.4) enzymes is Serratia marcescens. These bacteria can be isolated from water, soil and digestive tract. This research aims to find out the types of enzymes produced by S. Marcescens, to examine the effect of temperature and incubation time on selected enzyme activity. The type of enzyme test was qualitatively determined by S. marcescens growth on the amylolytic, cellulolytic, pectinolytic and chitinolytic selective medium based on the clear zone. This research was used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor was the incubation time (T) which were 4 hours (T4), 8 hours (T8) and 12 hours (T12). The second factor was the treatment of incubation temperature (S) which were 40oC (S1), 50oC (S2) and 60oC (S3). Each treatment was repeated in 3 times. The data were obtained then analyzed using Anova (α = 0.05). If it is significantly different, furthermore proceed with the T test (BNT). The results showed that S. marcescens qualitatively produced only clear zones in the cellulolytic medium of 5.1 mm. The ANOVA results showed that incubation temperature (S), the interaction between incubation time (T) and incubation temperature (S) were did not have effect on cellulase activity, whereas incubation time (T) gives a significant effect on cellulase activity were obtained at the incubation time for 12 hours (T12) with a value of 0.27 U / mL
On shrinkage estimators improving the positive part of James-Stein estimator
Authors: Hamdaoui Abdenour 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, we study the estimation of the multivariate normal mean by different classes of shrinkage estimators. The risk associated with the quadratic loss function is used to compare two estimators. We start by considering a class of estimators that dominate the positive part of James-Stein estimator. Then, we treat estimators of polynomial form and prove if we increase the degree of the polynomial we can build a better estimator from the one previously constructed. Furthermore, we discuss the minimaxity property of the considered estimators.