bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La historia de la ciencia como herramienta para la enseñanza de física en secundaria: un ejemplo en calor y temperatura
Authors: Pessoa de Carvalho Anna M. , Castro R. S. 
Published: June 2021

In this work we suggest and analyze some stages of a course on heat and temperature which knowledge of the past of the ideas and the solution provided can enable a better understanding of the content, The hypothesis that guided the planning of activities was that the scientific content studied throughout its history comes closer to the cognitive universe, not only of the student, but of man himself.
Los estudiantes y la propagación de las señales mecánicas: Dificultades de una situación de varias variables y procedimientos de simplificación
Authors: Maurines L. 
Published: June 2021

This paper analyses the general ways of reasoning used by students when learning the propagation of a signal on a string. Tendencies towards a reduction of the number of variables can be brought out. On the one hand, students tend to combine the variables into a single notion. Their reasoning seems to be based on the idea of a material object (here the bump on the string), described through this single notion. On the other hand, they consider simultaneously never more than two variables so that relations they have learned are changed into binary associations. From this analysis, some pedagogical implications are derived.
Los exámenes de Física en la enseñanza por transmisión y en la enseñanza por investigación
Authors: Alonso Sánchez Manuel , Gil D. , Martínez Torregrosa Joaquín 
Published: June 2021

In this paper we show the results of a comparativo andysis between ordinary tests of Physics and Chemistry and the ones used from a constructivist view. The study is focused in two aspects: firstly, it aims to show that the constructivist conception of learning imposes considerable modifications in the tests content; secondly it highlights the deficiencies found in the tests designed after constructivist teaching. These deficiencies will just be solved by an investigation mainly aimed to assessment transformation.
Las ideas de los alumnos y alumnas acerca de la estructura celular de los seres vivos
Authors: Caballer Senabre Mª Jesús , Giménez I. 
Published: June 2021

In this article we analyse the spontaneous ideas of students of different levels (EGB, BUP, Teacher Training), in relation to the concept of pluricellularity. The results obtained show the low level of input of academic intruction in the teaching of the cellular structure of living creatures, despite the fact that this subject is treated repeatedly in primary, secondary and teacher training school.
El modelo constructivista y las relaciones ciencia/técnica/sociedad
Authors: Solbes Jordi , Vilches Amparo 
Published: June 2021

The importance of the relations Science/Technology/Society with teaching and its convergence with the constructivist model in the science teaching -learning process, is shown in this paper. In the same way, the consequences to the students arisen from the lack of these relations in the daily teaching, are also shown.
Aproximación al conocimiento práctico personal de los profesores de Matemáticas de EGB
Authors: Blanco Nieto L. 
Published: June 2021

This work is placed in the teacher thinking paradigm and wants to show some outcomes from a research in teacher training in order to study the teachers' personal practical knowledge. We have used the qualitative method, mainly, the classroom observation, the interview, and the stimulated recall. It is specifically about two examples of mathematics teaching: the teaching of mathematical concepts and problem solving in primary schools.
L'homme du troisième millénaire face a l'incertitude. Quelle formation pour affronter l'incertitude?
Authors: Viard J. 
Published: June 2021

In this paper we intend to establish the idea that a scientific formation can be an adequate background for future citizens to face the uncertainties of their own time. However, this requires questioning the distorted view of science given by society and, more particularly, by education. This article analyzes the origin of the contradiction between scientists activity and its interpretation in society and education and presents some alternative proposals to overcome it.
La generación autónoma de "conflictos cognoscitivos" para favorecer cambios de paradigmas en el aprendizaje de la física.
Authors: Colombo de cudmani L. , Salinas de Sandoval J. 
Published: June 2021

Researches agree to show that students have their own conceptual, not instructional schemata, that they use to interpret reality. The learning of Physics would then consist of producing conceptual changes from spontaneous to scientific paradigms. In this work it is outstanding that the learning will be significant not only when such a change is achieved, but fundamentally when it develops in the students strategies and skills that allow them modify the interpretative schemata in an autonomous way whenever the situation requires so. Starting from these ideas we dig into the characteristics of a learning mode significant and operative autonomous and self -generated, and we propose didactic strategies that could favour autonomy in learning.
Evoluçao da avaliaçao curricular paradigmas e práticas
Authors: Krasilchik M. 
Published: June 2021

The paper describes the evolution of curriculum evaluation during the last three decades in order to identify external and internal pressures that affected research. The classical psychometric curriculum research evaluation is contrasted with naturalistic studies and the recent international projects evaluation. Changes in procedures and paradígms are strongly influenced by academic and professional institutions and funding agencies. Being aware of different sources of pressures researchers have more freedom to make options and take decisions about their work.
Velocidades moleculares en sistemas gaseosos macroscópicos
Authors: Pérez Bustamante J. A. , Hidalgo J. L. 
Published: June 2021

A considerable number of well-known textbooks written in different languages have been examined in connection with the treatment of the molecular velocities. A surprisingly high number of inconsistencies have been disclosed relating to erroneous concepts, incorrect denominations and notation problems. Suggestions are put forward to circumvent such inconsistencies inequivocally.
Primeros pasos en Química. Una entrevista con Lavoisier
Authors: Cardoso Ferreira N. 
Published: June 2021

Some didactic experiments which are presented to students are based on those carried out by the scientists who worked on the topic. Yet, continuous repetition of those in textbooks often distorts the original ideas. This paper, written as a hypothetícal interview with Lavoisier, uses his very words to criticise an experiment on combustion usually found in textbooks.
Procesos de la ciencia y desarrollo cognitivo en Bachillerato
Authors: Palacios C. , López F. , Garrote Flores R. , Montes P. 
Published: June 2021

The study described in this report was designed to investigate the relationship between integrated process skills and formal thinking in high school students. Paper and pencil measurement of both variables was made using a sample of 189 students, the average age being, 15 years. The resulting correlation showed a Pearson's of 0.68. An empirical analysis of the cognitive demand of different science process skills was carried out. Some implications for Science Education are, finally, discussed.
Resultados de aplicabilidad pedagógica de una investigación cognitiva en el aprendizaje del análisis matemático
Authors: Álvarez Calvo J. A. , Panizza Mabel 
Published: June 2021

We rewiew some results of an investigation on the cognitive process involved in situations of mathematical learning. The issues have been selected because of their importance on the development of a didactical teaching of mathematics, centered in the characteristics of the subject learning that particular domain. Following this criterium we present the most important features and applications that can be proposed by a cognitive study of: the influence of previous naive concepts on the representation of a cognitive domain; aspects related to problem representation; and error as a diagnostic instrument.
La contribució de la teoria del flogiste a l'estructuració actual de la ciència química. Implicacions didàctiques
Authors: Izquierdo i Aymerich Mercè 
Published: June 2021

In this article, the meaning of the Theory of Plogiston is analyzed in the context of the period in which it was formulated. Certain aspects of this theory, which contributed to the structuring of modern concepts of Chemistry are pointed out, as is the inappropriateness of linking this theory to a dark period of the Science of Chemistry —a step back from a former situation— overcome thanks to A.L. Lavoisier, who rejected the theory. Similarly, it must be taken into account that some of the children's ideas about chemical phenomena, though not coincidental with currently accepted scientific theories, are valid starting points for planning an appropriate learning strategy which will lead to the understanding of present-day science.
Física básica: Incidencia de la instrucción sobre los errores conceptuales
Authors: Salinas de Sandoval J. , Cudmani Leonor C. de , Pesa de Danón M. 
Published: June 2021

The incidence of some instructional aspects on the persistency of preconcepts and errors has been analized. Confusions, derived from both, the no -integration of friction forces into the introductory experiencies to the mechanic laws study and the fact of not taking into account quantitative criterions to control the laws and models validity, are particulary studied.
Imagen de las asignaturas de ciencias en la transición de la educación básica a la secundaria
Authors: Arana Pérez J. , Escudero Escorza Tomás , Garcés R. , Palacian E. 
Published: June 2021

This article shows the analysis of the didactic image of natural science disciplines in the last year of General Basic Education and the first year of Secondary Education, as perceived by the students of those courses and the third year of Secondary Education. Difficulty, importance and amusement, compared with other disciplines, are the three components of the didactic image. The opinions of the students of the third year are used to study the temporal consistency of that image.
Sobre la formación de los conceptos geométricos y sobre el léxico geométrico
Authors: Medici D. , Speranza F. , Vighi P. 
Published: June 2021

Geometric lexicon is related to an equivalence criterion between figures —normally given by a transformation group (Klein)—. There can be a conflict between ordinary language, traditional geometric lexicon and the equivalence criterion that a given specific situation may suggest. In this paper we analyze the results of a set of questions aiming at discovering the equivalence criteria chosen by pupils between 9 and 11, and the influence of their lexicon. We have noted a considerable influence of the criteria based on the group of translations, and on the group of homoteties and translations. We have also observed the influence of «standard models» (i.e., figures appearing normally in their books), and some difficulties of conceptualization.
Evaluación de una experiencia didáctica en la línea del descubrimiento dirigido para la enseñanza de la Física en 2º de BUP
Authors: Pérez de Landazábal Mª C. , Rubio Royo F. 
Published: June 2021

The refusal attitude to Physics of our secondary ievel pupils and the poor achievements obtained in our classrooms makes it indispensable to experiment new teaching styles. This paper shows a directed discovery approach to Physics learning that is conformed to academical needs of our Secondary Schools. The effectiveness of the learning process has been studied by means of an experimental design that compares two instructional modes. The results of the statistical analysis are discussed.
Estudio de los conocimientos pre-adquiridos sobre las nociones de color y temperatura en alumnos de 10 a 15 años
Authors: Macedo de Burghi B. , Soussan G. 
Published: June 2021

This is a research work on the field of teaching scientific notions to students. Heat and temperature were the no:ions studied. The goal was to analize the ideas children and adolescents had about them, their (previously) acquired knowledge and the way they used such notions. The research was carried out both in France and in Uruguay on a total population of 1255 students. It took into account different parameters such as the students' age, their social -economic and cultural background, and their mother tongue (Spanish or French). The mentioned work made it possible to analize the conditions which can favour the passage from the students' intuitive notions to their scientific notions bearing in mind the natural limits due to the psychological development stage of the students concerned.
El uso de los mapas conceptuales en la corrección de preguntas abiertas en Biología
Authors: Nieda Juana , Díaz Mújica Mª V. , García Barquero P. , Ortega Núñez P. , Bonilla Mangas I. , Aguirre de Carcer I. 
Published: June 2021

The use of open-ended questions to assess student knowledge on a particular subject is discussed. Metric characterists of those questions are analized in relation o their desirable characteristics for formative and summative evaluation. A procedure for rating open-ended questions using «concept maps» is described providing data on its content validity and reliability. Ways of using the procedure in formative evaluation are also described. As an application the procedure was used to analyze the reliability of Biology exercises (Universidad Autónoma Madrid Entrance Examinations).
Preconcepciones sobre el calor en 2º de BUP
Authors: García Hourcade J. L. , Rodríguez de Ávila C. 
Published: June 2021

There are some ill ways of designating concepts and processes, in both the textbooks and the language we, teachers of Physics and Chemistry, commonly use in our lessons. This is an obstacle to attain our aims. Furthermore, we do not usually take into account in our educational practice, the alternative frameworks our students have, which makes our «teaching productivity» alarmingly low in the scientific field. Such situation is analysed in this report, and some suggestions for classroom practice and science teaching are offered.
Influencia del nivel cognoscitivo en el desempeño en el laboratorio
Authors: Tagliaferri A. A. , Ure J. E. , Dibar Ure María Celia 
Published: June 2021

In a laboratory session which integrated the concepts of diffraction, interference and diffraction grating, planned for students in their third semester of elementary physics we detected that a relatively large percentage of students did not adequately separate nor control the intervening variables. We then correlated this cognitive ability to the performance in one section of the laboratory work which was evaluated separately.
La reconstrucción de la lección: un estímulo para el aprendizaje de las ciencias en Educación Básica
Authors: Casas Peláez J. , Escudero Escorza Tomás , Puey Bernues M. L. 
Published: June 2021

The research reported below is an attempt to measure the value of «lesson reconstruction» as a didactic stimulus. More than one hundred students, belonging to three classes of the seventh year of Basic Education, participated in this study. The subject matter was Natural Sciences and, more specifically, Physics. The treatments of the two experimental groups were two different types of «lesson reconstruction», one of them based on the questioning by the teacher, and the other based on questionnaires applied to small groups of students. The third group of students was the control group. The results, reported for individuals and groups, show that these treatments can be effective after an accommodation period, more significantly in the treatment based on questionnaires.
Los símbolos y la representación de la evolución en los conocimientos químicos
Authors: López Cancio J. A. 
Published: June 2021

The symbols are primarily a creation of human unconcious, and even now they belong to our cerebral background. The concrete symbols have served to represent the changing mentality about the chemical knowledge. There is a repeted use of determined geometrical figures, especialy triangles and circles. This article rewiews the development of chemical symbolism, its changing role, from the ancient civilization to the modern notational systems.
Selecting a Keel Appendage for a Cruising Yacht From a Standard Keel Series
Authors: Berman Deborah W. 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of model tests for a series of three keels; two at constant draft; two at constant aspect ratio; all at constant taper ratio and thickness ratio. These keels form part of a standard series developed by Pierre De Saix at Davidson Laboratory, Stevens Institute of Technology in 1974 and originally tested on a 5.5 meter hull (1).
The three keels were all tested on the model of a small cruising yacht over a range of heel angles, leeways and speeds. An analysis is made of the expanded model data and a comparison presented of the forces and moments operating on the deepest keel and the two keels of constant draft.
The Evolving Role of the Towing Tank
Authors: Kirkman Karl L. 
Published: June 2021

The towing tank has been used regularly to attempt to refine sailing yacht forms almost since its introduction as a Naval Architectural tool.
Unfortunately, the yachtsman's affair with tank testing has run hot and cold based upon misunderstandings of the correct role of model testing and economic considerations.
Recent research work has caused profound change in the method for using the tank for design assistance, but the tank retains a necessary and economically suitable place in the design cycle if properly used.
The paper explains the changing role of the tank and appropriate means of using model tests in light of our contemporary understanding of scale effects.
A Design Guide for Estimating Speed Made Good for a Sailing Yacht
Authors: Berman Deborah W. 
Published: June 2021

This study develops a simplified comparative procedure for use in preliminary yacht design to predict Equilibrium sideforce, resistance, leeway angle and speed made good to windward for a canoe hull sailing yacht within specific form parameters on any of five standard series keels.
These forces, angles and speeds are predicted for any yacht hull resembling one of nine models - ranging from light to medium-heavy length to displacement ratio - (190 to 351) - of the Delft Systematic Series for which there is numerical data. The forces are calculated at speed to length ratio of 1. 3 and heel angle of 30° to enable the designer to make use of existing comparative sail plan and rigging data.
The five keels of varying aspect and area ratio, spanning current design practice, are part of a matrix developed at the Davidson Laboratory.
In this paper, a canoe yacht hull form similar to Model 7 of the Delft Series is tank tested on 3 Standard Series keels and compared to results obtained from testing a 5.5 m hull, which is similar to Model 8, on the same keels. A prediction procedure is developed and checked against test results.
A few Equations, selected values from included tabulations, a calculator, pencil and paper will yield quantitative information for the yacht designer in the selection of a keel for the hull of a sailing yacht.
Is Skrei a Historical Norwegian Figure? The Nomadic Symbiosis of Fish and Humans in the Lofoten Islands
Authors: Papacharalampous Nafsika 
Published: June 2021

This paper draws from short ethnographic fieldwork and collected oral histories in the Lofoten Islands in Northern Norway in 2019. In this paper I follow “skrei”, the Norwegian codfish (Gadus morhua). I explore what I call the “nomadic symbiosis” of islanders and skrei via their diachronic entanglements, as these appear in historical and present narratives, in changing ideas around economic development and progress, but also in the changes in the physical and political landscapes. These moments of connection, all challenge human-centric views arguing for skrei’s agency in cuisine-making, but also vis-à-vis identity-making, as skrei became recognized conjuring a newfound sense of belonging and becoming part of an imagined community within the Lofoten islands and beyond. I argue that these meaningful interactions create worlds that decenter human agency and revisit the notion of cuisine and nation-building processes as truly multispecies entanglements.
Point Zero Charge Determination and Fluoride Adsorption on Natural Red Ash (Metal Oxide)
Authors: Dagnaw Lejalem Abeble , Cherie Dessie Almaw 
Published: June 2021

The PZC is essential parameter for the characterization of certain materials used for the treatment of organic or inorganic wastes in the environment, particularly from waste water and industrial sludge. Potentiometric titration and batch experimentation method was used to determine PZC value and type of adsorption isotherm behavior observed. Red ash is the natural metal oxides collected from the rift valley of Ethiopia which have PZC values of 3.35 for 0.5g, 1g and 1.5g adsorbent dose studied. On the adsorbent surface, monolayer and homogeneous adsorption process of fluoride observed. Therefore, based on the interest of the researcher and the adjustment of the pH of red ash solution might used for the treatment of ionic wastes.
Self-assessment of the Master's Degree in Nursing: Tutoring an Axis in the International Experiences of Students
Authors: Franco Laura Valdez , Juarez Graciela Gonzalez 
Published: June 2021

Aims: To recover the international experiencies of the tutors of the master’s degree in Nursing of National Autonomous University of Mexico to identify the vision and attitudes they show towards the international development of students in training.
Metodology: Descriptive, non-experimental, and transactional research involved both program descriptive information and interview with five tutors selected for their international career, mentoring and availability.
Results: It was identified that the main task of the tutor is to know the interests, motivations, and limitations of each student to achieve their profesional skills and promote them towards internationalization and multidisciplinary collaboration in their career. With these findings it is posible to identify the decisions that tutors can make, as well as gaps within the same tutoring to promote international studies among tutoring.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the figure of the tutor certainly ceases to be only a professional guide, to become a motivating entity that seeks for the student to overcome and reach different goals that are much more demanding among them; therefore, the personal and professional experiences of the tutor and his/her own perspective of the tutoring become the pillars of the metamorphosis that occurs in the stuent during the period of his/her master’s degree.