bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Angle of the Microguidwire on the Lateral Projection: a Prediction of Cannulation of the Occluded Inferior Petrosal Sinuses for the Transvenous Embolization of Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Lv Xianli 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe that the angle of the guidwire on lateral projection under fluoroscopic image is a prediction of cannulation of the occluded inferior petrosal sinus in the transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural fistulas.METHODS: From January 2018 through January 2021, 12 consecutive cavernous sinus dural fistulas with ipsilateral inferior petrosal sinus occlusion identified in 12 patients were cured by cannulation of the occluded ipsilateral inferior petrosal sinus. Clinical, radiologic and procedure data of the 12 patients were retrospectively reviewed. The angle of microguidewire between on lateral projection under fluoroscopic image between the inferior petrosal sinus and the internal jugular vein was measured by 180°Protractor(Deli Group Co., LTD, Zhejiang, China). RESULTS: In the 12 patients, access via the occluded ipsilateral inferior petrosal sinus was primarily attempted as the transvenous approach. During the procedure, the angle of microguidwire on lateral projection under fluoroscopic image between the inferior petrosal sinus and the internal jugular vein was 117°±7°, which is very useful to confirm the cannulation of the occluded inferior petrosal sinus. Complete occlusion was achieved in all fistulas, with no procedure-related morbidity or mortality. Postprocedural symptom was improved in all patients. CONCLUSION: Cannulation of an occluded inferior petrosal sinus is possible and reasonable as an initial access attempt for cavernous sinus dural fistulas. The angle of microguidwire on the lateral projection under fluoroscopic image can help to confirm the orifice of the occluded inferior petrosal sinus.
CD10 and Das1: A Biomarker Study Using Immunohistochemistry to Subtype Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia
Authors: Koulis Athanasios , Costanzo Natasha , Mitchell Catherine , Lade Stephen , Goode David , Busuttil Rita A , Boussioutas Alex 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is considered a key pivot point in the Correa model of gastric cancer (GC). It is histologically subtyped into the complete and incomplete subtypes, the latter being associated with a greater risk of progression. However, the clinical utility of IM subtyping remains unclear, partially due to the absence of reliable defining biomarkers.Methods: Based on gene expression data and existing literature, we selected CD10 and Das1 as candidate biomarkers to distinguish complete and incomplete IM glands in tissues from patients without GC (IM-GC) and patients with GC (IM+GC). Immunohistochemical staining of individually subtyped IM glands was scored after blinding by two researchers using tissue belonging to both IM-GC and IM+GC patients. Whole tissue Das1 staining was further assessed using digital image quantification (cellSens Dimension, Olympus).Results: Across both cohorts CD10 stained the IM brush border and was shown to have a high sensitivity (87.5% and 94.9% in IM-GC and IM+GC patients respectively) and specificity (100.0% and 96.7% respectively) with an overall AUROC of 0.944 for complete IM glands. By contrast Das1 stained mainly goblet cells and the apical membrane of epithelial cells, mostly of incomplete IM glands with a low sensitivity (28.6% and 29.3% in IM-GC and IM+GC patients respectively) but high specificity (98.3% and 85.1% respectively) and an overall AUROC of 0.603 for incomplete IM glands. A combined logistic regression model showed a significant increase in AUROC for detecting complete IM glands (0.955 vs 0.970). Whole tissue digital quantification of Das1 staining showed a significant association with incomplete IM compared to complete IM, both in IM-GC and in IM+GC patients (p=0.016 and p=0.009 respectively, Mann-Whitney test and unpaired t test used). Additionally, complete IM in IM+GC patients exhibited significantly more Das1 staining than in IM-GC patients (p=0.019, Mann-Whitney test). Conclusions: These findings suggest that CD10 is an outstanding biomarker for complete IM and Das1 may be useful as a secondary biomarker for IM glands at greater risk of progression irrespective of IM subtype. Overall, the clinical use of these biomarkers could lead to improved patient stratification and targeted surveillance.
Microvascular Injury With Secondary Edema, Bronchoconstriction and Vasoconstriction of Non-involved Lung Parenchymal Segments May Contribute to Clinical Deterioration of Non-critically Ill Patients Hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia Without Evidence of Pulmonary Embolism: A Preliminary Study.
Authors: MAINCENT Cécile , PERRIN Christophe , CHIRONI Gilles , Baqué-Juston Marie , Berthier Frédéric , Paulmier Benoit , Hugonnet Florent , Dittlot Claire , Farhad Ryan Lukas , Renvoise Julien , Serrano Benjamin , Nataf Valérie , Mocquot François , Keita-Perse Olivia , Claessens Yann-Erick , Faraggi Marc 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to better understand the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in non-critically ill hospitalized patients secondarily presenting with clinical deterioration and increase in oxygen requirement.Methods: We consecutively enrolled patients without clinical or biological evidence for superinfection, without left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and for whom a pulmonary embolism was discarded by computed tomography pulmonary angiography. We investigated lung ventilation and perfusion (LVP) by LVP scintigraphy, and, 24 hours later, left and right ventricular function by 99mTc-labelled albumin gated-blood-pool scintigraphy with late (60 mn) tomographic albumin images on the lungs to evaluate lung albumin retention that could indicate microvascular injuries with secondary edema. Results: We included 13 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. All had CT evidence of organizing pneumonia and normal LV ejection fraction.No patient demonstrated preserved ventilation with perfusion defect (mismatch), which may eliminate a distal lung thrombosis. Patterns of ventilation and perfusion were heterogeneous with sometimes healthy lung segments paradoxically hypoperfused and hypoventilated while both normal perfusion and ventilation were maintained in segments with organizing pneumonia (n=4). Lung albumin retention in area of organizing pneumonia was observed in 9 patients, indicating microvascular injuries, vessel permeability increase and secondary edema.Conclusion: In hospitalized non-critically ill patients without pulmonary embolism or LV dysfunction, various types of damage may contribute to clinical deterioration including microvascular injuries and secondary edema, broncho and vasoconstriction of area not involved by organizing pneumonia while no evidence was found for significant distal thrombosis detectable by LVP scintigraphy.
Event-triggered Synchronization of Uncertain Delayed Generalized RDNNs
Authors: Zhang Weiyuan , Li Junmin , Xing Keyi , Zhang Rui , Zhang Xinyu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the exponential synchronization analysis of master–slave chaotic uncertain delayed generalized reaction-diffusion neural networks (GRDNNs) with event-triggered control scheme. A delay GRDNNs system model for the analysis is constructed by investigating the effect of the network transmission delay. By constructing a novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and using a delay system approach for designing event-triggered controllers and some inequality techniques like Jensen’s inequality, Wirtinger’s inequality and Halanay’s inequality, the criteria are obtained for the event-triggered synchronization analysis and control synthesis of delayed GRDNNs. The synchronization criteria are formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, we conclude that the slave systems synchronize with the master systems. Two examples show the proposed theoretical results are feasible and effective.
Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in a Dialyzed Patient Who Developed COVID-19 Twenty Days After the Second Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine: a Case Report
Authors: MANNI Sabrina , LOTTE Laurène , BAL Antonin , JOSSET Laurence , LINA Bruno , TRABAUD Mary-Anne , DESTRAS Gregory , POZZETTO Bruno , VALETTE Martine , PASSERON Corinne , SEITZ-POSLKI Barbara , SINDT Audrey , VASSALLO Matteo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
IntroductionEnd stage kidney disease (ESKD) and cancer have been identified as risk factors for severe and fatal cases of COVID-19, making vaccination in these patients a priority. Patients suffering from ESKD have a significantly weaker response to common vaccines than general population. However, humoral and cellular immune responses after two doses of RNA-based vaccine BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) have been poorly explored in this vulnerable population.Case presentationA 69-year-old male patient was followed for ESKD and myeloma. He developed a severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia twenty days after two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Whole genome sequencing found that the virus belonged to the 20I/501Y.V1 clade. A serology draws eight days after the 2nd vaccine dose showed positive RBD IgG without neutralizing activity. A serum specimen sampled thirty days after the onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection showed seroconversion against both RBD and N antigens. This specimen was shown to exhibit a frank neutralizing activity. The QuantiFERON® SARS-CoV-2 (Qiagen) showed a positive specific cellular response although the QuantiFERON monitor displayed a weak cellular response. ConclusionsImpaired immunity due to renal failure probably explain the severe pneumonia despite vaccination. The fact that the patient developpe a neutralizing activity and a cellular response after a third stimulation by infection may suggest to systemically administrate a third dose of vaccine in ESKD patients.
Parvovirus Enteritis and Other Risk Factors Associated With Persistent Gastrointestinal Signs in Dogs Later in Life: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Takada Kanae , Flemming Anne M. , Voordouw Maarten J. , Carr Anthony P. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Parvoviral enteritis is a viral gastrointestinal (GI) infection of dogs. Recovery from PE has been associated with persistent GI signs. The objectives of this study were: (i) To determine whether dogs that have recovered from PE (post-parvo dogs) had an increased risk of persistent GI signs compared to uninfected controls. (ii) To investigate the lifestyle and clinicopathologic factors that are associated with persistent GI signs in post-parvo dogs. Methods: Eighty-six post-parvo dogs and 52 age-matched control dogs were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. The owners were interviewed about the health and habits of their dogs using a questionnaire. We used logistic regression to test whether parvovirus enteritis and other risk factors are associated with general health problems in all dogs and with persistent GI signs in post-parvo dogs.Results: The prevalence of persistent GI signs was significantly higher in post-parvo dogs compared to control dogs (57% vs 25%, P < 0.001). Markers of disease severity such as neutropenia, low body temperature, and treatment with an antiemetic medication (metoclopramide) were significant risk factors for persistent GI signs in post-parvo dogs. Persistent GI signs in post-parvo dogs was a risk factor for health problems in other organ systems.Conclusions: Parvovirus enteritis is a significant risk factor for persistent GI signs in dogs highlighting the importance of prevention. The risk factors identified in the present study may guide future investigations on the mechanisms that link parvovirus enteritis to chronic health problems in dogs.
Three-dimensional Imaging of Nanoplasma by Ion Nanoscopy
Authors: Han Xu , Huang Xiang , Zhang Qingbin , Fu Xianglong , Liu Kunlong , Lan Pengfei , Zhou Yueming , Li Min , Cao Wei , Lu Peixiang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The remarkable abilities of laser-irradiated nanostructures to emit X-ray photons, accelerate charged particles, and launch shock waves for multiple applications are primarily governed by a localized plasma near the surface. However, the full-spatially resolving the localized plasma is still challenging due to the difficulty of measuring the three-dimensional (3D) momentum of ions generated from partially or fully ablated nanostructures in high-intensity laser fields. Here, we bridge this gap by introducing ion nanoscopy based on the tomographic reconstruction of the 3D momentum of ions emitted from constantly refreshed aerosolized TiO2 nanospheres. The measured 3D ion momenta map the localized plasma charge well through an electrostatic repulsion model. A pronounced variation in localized plasma charge across the nanosphere surface is obtained, which also extends the idea of the combined action of external and internal fields on plasma formation. This work represents an advance in understanding plasma generation from nanostructures and in the probing, visualization, and manipulation of localized nanoplasmas.
A 400-Gb/s WDM-PAM4 OWC System Through the Free- Space Transmission With a Water-Air-Water Link
Authors: Lu Hai-Han , Li Chung-Yi , Huang Xu-Hong , Chang Poh-Suan , Chen Yu-Ting , Lin Yan-Yu , Liu Chen-Xuan , Ko Ting 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A 400-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) optical wireless communication (OWC) system through a 200-m free-space transmission with either an 8.8-m piped water-air-piped water link or a 6.5-m turbid water-air-turbid water link is attainably constructed. Incorporating PAM4 modulation with an 8-wavelength WDM scheme greatly increases the total transmission rate of the WDM-PAM4 OWC system to 400 Gb/s (50 Gb/s/λ × 8 λs). By employing doublet lenses in free-space transmission, a laser beam reducer/expander and a reflective spatial light modulator (SLM) with an angle expander through the water-air-water link, high bit error rate performance and acceptable PAM4 eye diagrams are obtained. Using a reflective SLM with an angle expander not only adaptively adjusts the laser beam, but also effectively solves the marine engineering problems. This demonstrated WDM-PAM4 OWC system outperforms existing OWC systems through free-space transmission with an air-water-air link due to its ability to resolve the practical engineering problems in actual marine environments.
TRPV1 modulation of immune response in metastatic breast carcinoma: Enhanced inflammatory response may hinder therapeutic potentials of TRPV1 agonists
Authors: Erin Nuray , Akman Muhlis , Haksever Seren 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background and Purpose: The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channels enhance cytotoxic immune response and may have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. Hence, we here determined how activation of TRPV1 alters immune response of tumor-bearing mice.Experimental Approach: Three different metastatic subset of 4T1 breast carcinoma cells were used to induce tumors in Balb-c mice. Mix leukocyte cultures (MLCs) using spleens and draining lymph nodes were prepared and stimulated with various challenges. Effects of four different TRPV1 agonists, antagonist (AMG9810) and Gambogic Amide (GA), a TrkA agonist that sensitizes TRPV1, on secreted levels of cytokines were determined.Results: MLCs of tumor-bearing mice secreted markedly higher levels of IL-6 and lower levels of IFN-γ compared to control mice. We observed differential effects of TRPV1 agonists, antagonist and GA in control and mice bearing different subset of metastatic cells. TRPV1 and TrkA agonists increased IFN--γ and IL-17 secretion in control mice while they markedly increased IL-6 secretion and suppressed IFN--γ secretion in tumor-bearing mice. Unexpectedly, AMG9810 acted as an inverse agonist and did not antagonize the effects of TRPV1 agonists and GA did not sensitize TRPV1 channels. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate constitutive activity of TRPV1 in immune cells, suggesting cross activation. Excessive chronic activation of TRPV1 in immune cells in the presence of metastatic breast carcinoma may have detrimental effects. Unexpected findings further document that a drug can have multiple intrinsic activities and depending on surrounding factors can act on the same receptor as an agonist, antagonist or inverse agonist.
Predictors of Prognosis of Surgically Resected Brain Metastasis from Lung Cancer with a Focus on Brain Recurrence
Authors: Byun Joonho , Kim Moinay , Lee Seungjoo , Song Sang Woo , Kim Young-Hoon , Hong Chang Ki , Kim Jeong Hoon 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: There are many considerations to decide surgical treatment in lung cancer-brain metastasis. Herein, we analyzed survival and predictors of brain recurrence after surgical resection of brain metastasis from lung cancer. Methods: A total of 224 metastatic brain tumors from patients with lung cancer were analyzed. Results: There were 138 (61.6%) male and 86 (38.4%) female patients; 197 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 27 with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The rate of postoperative complications was 4.9%. The 1-year and 2-year overall survival (OS) was 57% and 43%, respectively. The 6-month and 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) of local recurrence was 42% and 20%, respectively. In NSCLC and SCLC groups, the difference of PFS of local recurrence according to adjuvant resection bed irradiation was not significant (1-year: 20% vs. 22%, p=0.8) and (1-year: 14% vs. 25%, p=0.16), respectively. Whole-brain irradiation did not show a significant difference of distant recurrence (6-month: 54% vs. 60%, p=0.13). In predictor analysis, female sex was a favorable prognostic factor for OS, while SCLC histology and postoperative neurological deficits were poor prognostic factors in univariate analysis. Conclusions: SCLC histology and postoperative complications are negative predictors for OS. Adjuvant irradiation did not show effectiveness to reduce local and distant recurrence.
Unveiling the Past, Current and Future of Global Sustainable Livelihoods Research by Visual and Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Li Tong , Cui Lizhen , Singh Ranjay K. , Fava Francesco , Xu Zhihong , Kumar Shalander , Song Xiufang , Tang Li , Wang Yanfen , Hao Yanbin , Cui Xiaoyong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sustainable Livelihoods (SLs) is now a high-priority field in global environmental change research, becoming one of the key research paradigms in sustainability science increasingly and an important component of the Sustainable Development Goals. A Scientometrics analysis based on Science Citation Index-Expanded was performed to understand the research trends and areas in SLs studies. A total of 6441 papers related to SLs studies and 265, 759 references published from 1991 to 2020 were selected as the research objects. Using advanced quantitative analysis tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer, we quantify and visualize the characteristics and evolution of the literature in the field of SLs research, to clarify the historical research characteristics, knowledge base, and future research trends. The results show that the annual number of documents increased exponentially since 1991. Ecological sciences and ecology were the most popular Web of Science research areas. The institution with the greatest research documents and most citations was the CGIAR. The most influential journal is Word Development. Singh R.K., Shackleton C.M., was the most productive author. Six clusters of research areas were determined by keyword co-occurrence analysis. The results of the evolution of research hotspots show that the four tags currently still active. We also detected 11 directions of SLs research studies based on the keywords’ score relevance, which has allowed the iden-tification of future lines of research with more importance. These results can help related researchers better understand the past current and future of SLs research studies, which is significant for achieving livelihoods sustainability.
Access to Primary Healthcare Services in Conflict-Affected Fragile States: A Subnational Descriptive Analysis of Educational and Wealth Disparities in Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Mali, and Nigeria
Authors: Ramadan Marwa , Tappis Hannah , Uribe Manuela Villar , Brieger William 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Measuring and improving equitable access to care is a necessity to achieve universal health coverage. Pre-pandemic estimates showed that most conflict-affected and fragile situations were off-track to meet the Sustainable Development Goals on health and equity by 2030. Yet, there is a paucity of studies examining health inequalities in these settings. This study addresses the literature gap by applying a conflict intensity lens to the analysis of disparities in access to essential Primary Health care (PHC) services in four conflict-affected fragile states: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Mali and Nigeria.
Methods
For each studied country, disparities in geographic and financial access to care were compared across education and wealth strata in areas with differing levels of conflict intensity. The Demographic Health Survey (DHS) and the Uppsala Conflict Data Program were the main sources of information on access to PHC and conflict events, respectively. To define conflict intensity, household clusters were linked to conflict events within a 50-km distance. A cut-off of more than two conflict-related deaths per 100,000 population was used to differentiate medium or high intensity conflict from no or low intensity conflict. We utilized three measures to assess inequalities: an absolute difference, a concentration index, and a multivariate logistic regression coefficient. Each disparity measure was compared based on the intensity of conflict the year the DHS data was collected.
Results
We found that PHC access varied across subnational regions in the four countries studied; with more prevalent financial than geographic barriers to care. The magnitude of both educational and wealth disparities in access to care was higher with geographic proximity to medium or high intensity conflict. A higher magnitude of wealth rather than educational disparities was also likely to be observed in the four studied contexts. Meanwhile, we only found few examples of statistical interaction between conflict intensity and either wealth or educational disparities in access to care.
Conclusion
Both educational and wealth disparities in access to PHC services can be exacerbated by geographic proximity to organized violence. This paper provides additional evidence that, despite limitations, household surveys can contribute to healthcare assessment in conflict-affected and fragile settings.