bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Mutu Guru dalam Proses Pembelajaran melalui Penerapan Supervisi Klinis Pengawas Sekolah di SD Gugus 1 Kecamatan Sekongkang Tahun 2020
Authors: Wahidin  
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian tindakan kepengawasan (PTKp) ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pembinaan kepala sekolah melalui supervisi Klinis untuk meningkatkan kinerja guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran. Dalam PTKp ini dilakukan dalam 3 siklus, dari hasil tindakan yang dilakukan terbukti dapat meningkatkan kinerja guru dengan mencapai standar ideal. Dari 63,40 % pada siklus I, dapat meningkat menjadi 73,00 % pada siklus II, dan siklus ke III 83,00 %. Hasil penelitian tindakan ini menunjukkan bahwa pembinaan melalui supervisi Klinis dapat meningkatkan kinerja guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran, dengan ketuntasan mencapai 100 %.
Response of downstream lakes to Aru glacier collapses on the western Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Lei Yanbin , Yao Tandong , Tian Lide , Sheng Yongwei ,   Lazhu, Liao Jingjuan , Zhao Huabiao , Yang Wei , Yang Kun , Berthier Etienne , Brun Fanny , Gao Yang , Zhu Meilin , Wu Guangjian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The lower parts of two glaciers in the Aru range on the
western Tibetan Plateau (TP) collapsed on 17 July and 21 September 2016,
respectively, causing fatal damage to local people and their livestock. The
giant ice avalanches, with a total volume of 150 × 106 m3,
had almost melted by September 2019 (about 30 % of the second ice
avalanche remained). The impact of these extreme disasters on downstream
lakes has not been investigated yet. Based on in situ observation,
bathymetry survey and satellite data, we explore the impact of the ice
avalanches on the two downstream lakes (i.e., Aru Co and Memar Co) in terms
of lake morphology, water level and water temperature in the subsequent 4 years (2016–2019). After the first glacier collapse, the ice avalanche slid
into Aru Co along with a large amount of debris, which generated great
impact waves in Aru Co and significantly modified the lake's shoreline and
underwater topography. An ice volume of at least 7.1 × 106 m3 was discharged into Aru Co, spread over the lake surface and
considerably lowered its surface temperature by 2–4 ∘C in the first 2 weeks after the first glacier collapse. Due to the large amount of meltwater
input, Memar Co exhibited more rapid expansion after the glacier collapses
(2016–2019) than before (2003–2014), in particular during the warm season.
The melting of ice avalanches was found to contribute to about 23 % of the
increase in lake storage between 2016 and 2019. Our results indicate that
the Aru glacier collapses had both short-term and long-term impacts on the
downstream lakes and provide a baseline in understanding the future lake
response to glacier melting on the TP under a warming climate.
Design and Construction of a Biosafety Level 3 Autopsy Laboratory
Authors: Nolte Kurt B. , Muller Timothy B. , Denmark Adam M. , Burstein Ron , Villalobos Yvonne A. 
Published: January 2021

Context.—
Autopsy pathologists, including medical examiners, provide valuable public health support for infectious disease deaths through surveillance for deaths of public health concern including emerging infections, identifying causative organisms for unexplained deaths, and providing insights into the pathology and pathogenesis of novel or unusual infections. However, autopsy poses biosafety risks to workers within and outside the laboratory. The highest rates of laboratory-acquired infections occur in autopsy workers.

Objective.—
To design and construct an appropriately biosafe autopsy laboratory.

Design.—
We conducted a biosafety risk assessment for autopsy workers using the process developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health and applied these findings as the basis of laboratory design and construction.

Results.—
Autopsy workers are unpredictably exposed to a variety of infectious organisms, including hepatitis C virus, HIV, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Hazardous autopsy procedures include using and encountering sharp objects and the generation of aerosols from dissection, fluid aspiration, rinsing tissues, and dividing bone with an oscillating saw.

Conclusions.—
Exposure to blood-borne and airborne pathogens from procedures that can cause cutaneous inoculation and inhalation of aerosols indicates that human autopsies should be performed at biosafety level 3. We designed a large, entirely biosafety level 3 medical examiner autopsy laboratory using design principles and characteristics that can be scaled to accommodate smaller academic or other hospital-based autopsy spaces. Containment was achieved through a concentric ring design, with access control at interface zones. As new autopsy laboratories are planned, we strongly recommend that they be designed to function uniformly at biosafety level 3.
E-learning e futuri studenti in mobilità internazionale. Riflessioni su aspetti e potenzialità di un corso di lingua italiana
Authors: Pettinelli Alessandra , Sola Chiara , Cintra Monique , Avellini Luca 
Published: January 2021

The A1 online Italian course offered by the CLA (University Linguistic Centre) of the University of Perugia, is one of the results achieved during various research projects, which has contributed, on the one hand, to the internationalization of the Institution, on the other, to the enhancement of digital technologies providing future university mobility students with the opportunity to acquire linguistic-cultural knowledge, even before the beginning of their mobility exchange programme in Italy. The experience reported in this article reflects on an evolving work, describing its design phase – course structure, selection and creation of linguistic and didactic materials, tools available in the Moodle open-source learning platform – and its subsequent phases of course activation and verification. Throughout the entire project, we focused on two fundamental aspects: inspiring and maintaining student motivation in addition to constructing an assisted, and above all, interactive self-learning path.
Internationalization Issues and Export Performance of Manufacturing SMEs in North Western Province, Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando W. K. M. Hashan Vimukthi , Samarakoon S. M. A. K. 
Published: January 2021

Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) plays a major role in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), providing job opportunities, reducing poverty etc. Even though they have contributing in large to the economy still they are facing number of challenges when internationalizing their businesses. Since this study focused on the factors influence on SMEs internationalizing their businesses. Based on review literature and discussion of expert in the field, four critical factors were identified namely competition, technology, legal requirements and support from the government. Researches received fifty-five questionnaires from the manufacturing Small and Medium sized Enterprise (SME) owners in North Western Province. Fifty completed questionnaires used to measure the effect of four issues on export performance in Sri Lanka. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis used to analysis data using SPSS.
The study reveals that out of four critical factors competition, support from the government showed a positive relationship with performance of internationalized Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) while technology showed a negative relationship and legal requirements showed no relationship. Among these four critical factors most significant factor was competition. Second most significant factor was support from government and technology; legal requirements were at last. This study will give a big support for Small and Medium sized Enterprise (SME) owners, policy makers, researchers and etc. Policy makers and government should encourage internationalization of SMEs to achieve higher performance and give big contribution to the country. Further research needs to conduct on SME internationalization and their issues with massive sample covering both manufacturing and service industries.
Evaluation of Selected Zambian Popular Sweet Potato Genotypes for Response to Sweet Potato Virus Disease
Authors: Banda Joseph , Chikoti Patrick Chiza , Tembo Langa 
Published: January 2021

Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of sweet potato virus disease (SPVD) on the beta carotene content, tuber weight and vine weight of selected popular sweet potato genotypes.
Study Design: The experiment was laid as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted for two cropping seasons (2015/16 and 2016/17) at the Zambia Agriculture Research Institute in Chilanga district of Zambia.
Methodology: The uninfected (control) genotypes of Kanga, Chiwoko and Chingovwa were evaluated alongside their SPVD infected genotypes. Genotypic infection was confirmed using molecular approaches, and data was collected at harvest on beta carotene content, tuber weight and vine weight.
Results: The results showed that SPVD affects the yield and beta carotene content of sweet potato. Significant differences (P< .001) for yield performance and beta carotene were observed. The yield reduction in percentage across seasons for all genotypes between the uninfected and infected genotypes ranged from 77% to 79% and 67% to 76% for tuber weight and vine weight respectively. Only Chiwoko exhibited higher levels of beta carotene among the genotypes. However, the SPVD infected Chiwoko genotype compared to the uninfected treatment produced mean beta carotene content of 39.1 µg/g and 91.5 µg/g respectively.
Conclusion: SPVD reduces the tuber weight, vine weight and beta carotene content in infected sweet potato genotypes.
Development and Evaluation of Ripe Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Based Fruit Bars Using Herb Extracts
Authors: Dhiman Anju K. , Thakur Priyanka , Attri Surekha , Kathuria Deepika , Ramachandran Preethi 
Published: January 2021

Aim: Utilization of bulk availability of low cost ripe pumpkin into processed products with high nutritional and functional characteristics.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, India, between the years 2015-2017.
Methodology: A fruit bar was developed using pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) at different combinations of TSS (30, 35 and 40°Brix), citric acid (1, 1.5 and 2%) and pectin (1, 1.5 and 2%). Further, incorporation of different herbal extracts (ginger, mint, tulsi) @ 5, 10, 15 and 20% was standardized in order to enhance the functional characteristics of the product and best recipe was evaluated for quality and sensory characteristics during storage.
Results: Pumpkin bar prepared at 40°Brix, 1.5% citric acid and 2% pectin got maximum sensory score and was liked very much. In case of herbal extracts, substitution by 10 % was found to be the best to prepare pumpkin-ginger, pumpkin-mint and pumpkin-tulsi bar. During storage, the chemical and sensory parameters decreased significantly (p<0.05) but the bars of all the treatments were of good quality up to six months. ALP was observed to be better packaging material as compared to LDPE and PP boxes. The product was able to retain 61.06% antioxidant activity and reflected 14.7 and 12.25 mm antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively when stored for six months under ambient conditions with minimal changes in quality attributes.
Conclusion: It can be revealed that ripe pumpkin along with herbal extracts can be utilized successfully for the production of good quality and nutritionally enriched bar of remunerative cost.
Ventriculo-Peritoneal Shunt Complications at Emergency Teaching Hospital in Duhok City
Authors: Hussein Nabeel Ali , Rawi Walid W. Al- , Rasheed Arjan M. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery is the predominant mode of therapy for patients with hydrocephalus. However, it has potential complications that may require multiple surgical procedures during a patient’s lifetime. The aim of the article was to review the experience in a 2-year teaching hospital and to evaluate the risk factors for PV shunt failure after initial shunt surgery and after subsequent reviews.
Methods: The study was carried out at The Emergency Teaching Hospital in Duhok City in Iraq. All complications of VP shunted patients admitted to the hospital from January 2013 to January 2015, were included in the study. Forty six patients (out of 170 VP shunt operations), with all shunt related complications, qualified for this study. Identification of patients with complications of VP shunt is done by obtaining proper history, examination, and identification of ventricular enlargement with periventricular edema on imaging (brain computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance study (MRI); also, identification of any evidence of device migration by direct vision, chest and abdominal X-ray and evidence of infection on CSF analysis.
Results: The incidence of the complications was (27.1%). There were 24 (52.2%) males and 22 (47.8%) females. Males were affected more than females with a ratio 1.1:1. Their age ranged from 2 months to 67 years, with mean age 8.6 years. The most common cause for the initial VP shunt implantation was congenital hydrocephalus and was noticed in 34 (73.9%) patients. Mean duration to develop VP shunt complication was 26.6 months. The most common presenting symptom in pediatric patients was decreased oral intake in 37 (80.4%) patients; however, in adult patients, it was headache, 4 (80%) patients. The most common complication was obstruction, 25 (54.3%) patients, followed by infection in 9 (19.6%) patients. The most common treatment option given to the patients who suffered from VP shunt complications was whole system change for a new one, in 15 (32.6%) patients.
Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that age of the patient at time of shunt placement, etiology of hydrocephalus, and previous treatments before shunt surgery were independently significantly associated with the shunt survival. Prospective controlled studies are required to address the observed associations between the risk factors and incidence of shunt revisions in these patients.
Optimization of Dispensing Parameter to Eliminate the Excessive Epoxy Dispense in Die Attach
Authors: Capili Michael D. 
Published: January 2021

Excessive epoxy flow on the dispensing nozzle may result in epoxy tailings due to unoptimized dispensing parameters. This may cause various problems related to epoxy dispensing, such as epoxy splatter, epoxy on lead, and epoxy bridging. This research study is conducted to eliminate the cause of epoxy related defects. Optimization of dispensing parameter using Design of Experiment as a methodology to reduce the excessive epoxy PPM rate. And base on the DOE main effect plot, excessive epoxy dispense PPM reduces as Snuffback time increases or faster.
Multiple‐Choice versus Open‐Ended Questions in Advanced Clinical Neuroanatomy: Using a National Neuroanatomy Assessment to Investigate Variability in Performance Using Different Question Types
Authors: Merzougui Wassim H. , Myers Matthew A. , Hall Samuel , Elmansouri Ahmad , Parker Rob , Robson Alistair D. , Kurn Octavia , Parrott Rachel , Geoghegan Kate , Harrison Charlotte H. , Anbu Deepika , Dean Oliver , Border Scott 
Published: January 2021

Methods of assessment in anatomy vary across medical schools in the United Kingdom (UK) and beyond; common methods include written, spotter, and oral assessment. However, there is limited research evaluating these methods in regards to student performance and perception. The National Undergraduate Neuroanatomy Competition (NUNC) is held annually for medical students throughout the UK. Prior to 2017, the competition asked open‐ended questions (OEQ) in the anatomy spotter examination, and in subsequent years also asked single best answer (SBA) questions. The aim of this study is to assess medical students’ performance on, and perception of, SBA and OEQ methods of assessment in a spotter style anatomy examination. Student examination performance was compared between OEQ (2013–2016) and SBA (2017–2020) for overall score and each neuroanatomical subtopic. Additionally, a questionnaire explored students’ perceptions of SBAs. A total of 631 students attended the NUNC in the studied period. The average mark was significantly higher in SBAs compared to OEQs (60.6% vs. 43.1%, P < 0.0001)—this was true for all neuroanatomical subtopics except the cerebellum. Students felt that they performed better on SBA than OEQs, and diencephalon was felt to be the most difficult neuroanatomical subtopic (n = 38, 34.8%). Students perceived SBA questions to be easier than OEQs and performed significantly better on them in a neuroanatomical spotter examination. Further work is needed to ascertain whether this result is replicable throughout anatomy education.
Training simulators for manufacturing processes: Literature review and systematisation of applicability factors
Authors: Knoke Benjamin , Thoben Klaus‐Dieter 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTraining simulators are fundamental for training in areas, such as aviation, medicine, and the military. While new applications emerge in conjunction with the development of human–machine interface (HMI) technologies, only a few applications for manufacturing processes are used in industrial practice. This study provides a literature review on simulation‐based training in manufacturing processes and applies the definitions of DIN 8580:2003 to structure the research. The identified applications are further analysed regarding their HMI design and the process‐related benefits and limitations that were described within the publications. Although 202 applications were found, most focus on a small number of processes, and the others rarely mature past the prototype stage. The distribution implies that certain process‐specific factors impact the applicability of simulation‐based training in manufacturing processes. In this context, applicability factors are defined as characteristics of the original training process that affect the training adversely and that can be avoided or reduced in a training simulation. A systematisation of these applicability factors is developed as a step towards a process analysis methodology.
Rational design of the nickel‐borane complex for efficient hydrogenation of styrene
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhu Qin , Gao Liuzhou , Yang Linlin , Li Wei , Li Shuhua , Zhu Jun , Wang Wei , Zeng Guixiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Ni‐B complex 1BCF with a facilely accessible monophosphine (PtBu3) unit was theoretically designed, which was found to be more active than that with an ambiphilic ligand for hydrogenation of styrene. Substituting PtBu3 with a stronger electron donating ligand N‐heterocyclic carbene largely improves the activity of the Ni‐B complex.
My love, I hate you: Rethinking brand jealousy to investigate emotional transition among rural customers
Authors: Dawood Ferwa , Kashif Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe objective of the research study is to investigate the brand love‐hate transition to predict brand avoidance via a mediating role of brand jealousy among rural customers in Pakistan. The data are collected through a survey, administered among 342 rural customers living in Pakistan. The data analysis is performed through structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. The results found mediation of brand jealousy to predict brand love–hate transition. The study of a transition in consumer emotions via a mediating role of brand jealousy in the context of customers living in rural areas provides an important perspective to the study of rural marketing and branding.
Controlled‐release urea improved rice yields by providing nitrogen in synchrony with the nitrogen requirements of plants
Authors: Yang Xiuyi , Geng Jibiao , Liu Qianjin , Zhang Hanyu , Hao Xiaodong , Sun Yunbao , Lu Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDExcessive application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and low nitrogen‐use efficiency (NUE) are prevalent problems in rice production. Controlled‐release urea (CRU) is widely adopted to increase rice yields, but the synchronicity of N release from CRU with uptake of N by plants has rarely been studied. A 2‐year field experiment involving CRU and urea applications at three different N rates (240, 192 and 144 kg N ha−1, equal to 100%, 80% and 60% of the recommended rate, respectively) was performed to compare their effects on N uptake, soil N content and rice yields.RESULTSThe successive release curves of CRU in the soil matched the corresponding N uptake curves of rice plants, and significant linear correlations were observed. Grain yield and N uptake under the CRU treatment increased by 5.25–7.88% and 7.13–17.94% than urea treatments, at the same N rate, and no obvious difference was found between CRU60% and Urea100%. CRU80% and CRU60% presented the highest NUE. The contents of ammonium‐nitrogen (NH4+‐N), nitrate‐nitrogen (NO3‐‐N), and total N and the chlorophyll relative value – SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) values – of the leaves under the CRU treatments were significantly higher than those under the urea treatments from heading to harvest. The contents of exchangeable sodium ion (Na+) and calcium ion (Ca2+) and the cation exchange capacity increased in response to CRU.CONCLUSIONCRU increased rice yields by providing N strongly in synchrony with the N requirements of the plants, and applying CRU at 192 kg N ha−1 was an effective strategy to conserve N fertilizer, increase soil N contents and enhance NUE. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
A linear to circular polarization reconfigurable converter based on frequency selective surface
Authors: Sofi Mohammad Ayoub , Saurav Kushmanda , Koul Shiban Kishen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this article, a linear to circular polarization reconfigurable converter (PRC) working in transmission mode is proposed. The PRC's fundamental unit consists of a cascade of half‐hexagon structure and its mirror replica printed on both sides of a single layer substrate. A PIN diode inserted in the central arm of the unit cell controls the PRC's behavior to a ϕ = 45° linearly polarized (LP) incident wave, transmitting an LP and circularly polarized (CP) in the ON and OFF state of the diode respectively. The proposed PRC is compact with an overall size of 0.046λ03 (λ0 is calculated with respect to 15.15 GHz) and exhibits a polarization conversion ratio greater than 0.9 in the frequency band 14.0–16.0 GHz. Polarization reconfigurable behavior of the converter is verified by placing 45°clockwise rotated 6 × 6 array of the proposed PRC's unit cell on top of an LP patch antenna. The transmitted radiation from the antenna with the PRC in ON and OFF state of the PIN diode is LP and CP (left or right). A prototype of the antenna with PRC is fabricated, and the results obtained from measurements are in agreement with simulated ones.