bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
H∞-dCNN: Enhancing the SNR using Deep Learning Algorithm in Wireless Communication System
Authors: Priya C. , Kumutha D. , Shilpa M. , Jayanthi K. , Baskaran S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In Wireless communication systems, the deep learning-based Convolution Neural Networks (dCNN) is performed to gain a better improvement of Quality of Services(QoS) with higher Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) systems are presented for real-time evaluation from various technologies, which has served the purpose of services in improving the communication performance of the physical layer of the wireless network. By increasing the communication throughput by focusing on resource allocation, the overall efficiency was not up to the market due to the network’s dynamic behavior. This article proposes the system in two different stages to express the analytical solution for decreasing the Bit Error Rate(BER). The first is to employ the Hybrid Infinity (H∞) through the channel for better robustness in wireless network computing. Next is to optimize Bit Error Rate (BER) with carrier detection as well as other criteria for improving service quality by analyzing the network behavior using Deep Learning Algorithm. The deep Convolution Neural Network with Hybrid Infinity (H∞ - dCNN) is implemented and evaluates the low BER values with high SNR for the performance of QoS. Thus, H∞ - dCNN is proved and outperform the simulated results with better characteristics by using the Matlab software. Hence, the mathematical expression for the proposed system is noticed that a significant improvement is obtained in terms of BER lesser than 0.6 e-4. It is observed the SNR lesser than 18dB, which is comparatively best than the baseline method.
The Effect of Glyphosate And Ciprofloxacin Eexposure On The Gut Bacterial Microbiota Diversity of Rhinella Arenarum (Anura: Bufonidae) Tadpoles
Authors: Boccioni Ana Paula Paula Cuzziol , García-Effron Guillermo , Peltzer Paola M. , Lajmanovich Rafael Carlos 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The high load of agrochemicals and antibiotics coexisting in aquatic environments within agroecosystems represents a risk for wildlife. As the gut microbiota plays a key role on its host’s functioning and is sensitive to a wide variety of pollutants, its study allows evaluating organisms’ health and therefore, the ecosystem. We studied toxic effects of commercial formulations of a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) and the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP) on gut bacterial microbiota diversity of the common toad (Rhinella arenarum) tadpoles, considered a sentinel species. The study was carried out by classic microbiological analysis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The microbiota from GBH treatment had greater taxa diversity and richness, including some genera, such as Proteus spp. and Yersinia spp. that were absent in control. In contrast, microbiota from CIP treatment registered a decrease of diversity indexes, dominance of Aeromonas spp. and presence of Leclercia spp. The GBH-CIP treatment showed changes in taxa composition, including decrease of Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. and trends of individual pollutant treatments. For all cases, changes in the composition of bacterial community (dysbiosis) were linked to a significant decrease in tadpoles’ weight. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the disruption of gut bacterial microbiota of tadpoles by a mixture of two contaminants of emerging concern worldwide. These findings contribute to understanding how the presence of two co-occurring pollutants in freshwaters results in deleterious effects on the amphibian community and potentially affect the microbiota of those environments.
Fluid Shear Stress Regulates Placental Growth Factor Expression via Heme Oxygenase 1 and Iron
Authors: Rashdan Nabil A. , Zhai Bo , Lovern Pamela C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Increased fluid shear stress (FSS) is a key initiating stimulus for arteriogenesis, the outward remodeling of collateral arterioles in response to upstream occlusion. Placental growth factor (PLGF) is an important arteriogenic mediator. We previously showed that elevated FSS increases PLGF in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent fashion both in vitro and ex vivo. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is a cytoprotective enzyme that is upregulated by stress and has arteriogenic effects. In the current study, we used isolated murine mesentery arterioles and cocultures of human coronary artery endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) to test the hypothesis that HO-1 mediates the effects of FSS on PLGF. HO-1 mRNA was increased by conditions of increased flow and shear stress in both cocultures and vessels. Both inhibition of HO-1 with zinc protoporphyrin and HO-1 knockdown abolished the effect of FSS on PLGF. Conversely, induction of HO-1 activity increased PLGF. To determine which HO-1 product upregulates PLGF, cocultures were treated with a CO donor (CORM-A1), biliverdin, ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), or iron-nitrilotriacetic acid (iron-NTA). Of these FAC and iron-NTA induced an increase PLGF expression. This study demonstrates that FSS acts through iron to induce pro-arteriogenic PLGF, suggesting iron supplementation as a novel potential treatment for revascularization.
Optimization Design and Simulation of Light Broadband Multilayer Composite Absorber
Authors: Yang Ping-an , Huang Yuxuan , Li Rui , Sun Yang , Huang Xin , Shou Mengjie , Wang Xiaojie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Multilayer plate structure is an effective way to design the absorbing coating with excellent performance. Based on the analysis of the electromagnetic (EM) absorbing principle of multilayer structure, this paper selects materials with magnetic loss type and resistance loss type to establish the database of EM parameters. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the design of the multilayer structure. Finally, COMSOL is used for simulation verification. The results show that the multilayer materials prepared by different types of EM loss materials have the characteristics of large absorption bandwidth and strong absorption capacity. When optimizing for different frequency bands and the thickness is limited to 5 mm, the absorption band can be adjusted freely between 5 GHz and 15 GHz by selecting the materials and thickness of each layer, which solves the limitation that a single material only meet the requirements in a specific frequency band. When optimizing for absorption intensity, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) can reach -30.7 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) is 3.3 GHz (13.1 GHz -16.4 GHz) achieved with only 2.44 mm. This design method provides the possibility to design multilayer composite materials with high absorption and low reflection in a wider frequency band range.
The Use of a Formative OSCE to Prepare Emergency Medicine Residents for Summative OSCEs: A Mixed-Methods Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Magdalene Hui Min , Phua Dong Haur , Heng Kenneth Wei Jian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is a part of Emergency Medicine (EM) examinations such as the Masters of Medicine in Emergency Medicine (MMed) examination and the equivalent Member of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (MRCEM) examination. The use of formative OSCEs to prepare EM residents for summative OSCEs has not been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the role of formative OSCEs in preparing EM residents for the MMed and MRCEM OSCE.MethodsThis was an observational, retrospective, mixed-methods cohort study. We analysed data from formative OSCEs conducted by the National Healthcare Group EM residency programme from 2013 to 2019, and from a questionnaire distributed to all residents during the study period. Residents’ formative OSCE participation and scores were compared with first-attempt summative OSCE success. Qualitative analysis of residents’ opinions on the usefulness of the formative OSCE was performed.Results43/50 (86.0%) residents attended at least one formative OSCE. Of the 46 who responded to the questionnaire, 40 (87.0%) had attempted and succeeded in the MMed or MRCEM OSCE, of whom 35 (87.5%) had succeeded on the first attempt. Residents who succeeded in the summative OSCE on the first attempt tended to have higher proximate (mean = 70.6, SD = 8.9 vs mean = 64.3, SD = 10.8) and mean (mean = 67.4, SD = 7.1 vs mean = 62.8, SD = 7.3) formative OSCE scores. All 8/40 (20.0%) residents who attended more than three formative OSCEs succeeded in the summative OSCE on their first attempt. Residents’ formative OSCE scores tended to improve with successive formative OSCEs, demonstrating a positive training effect. All residents felt that the formative OSCE was useful in preparing them for the summative OSCE.Conclusions﻿Participation in multiple formative OSCEs was beneficial in preparing residents for the summative OSCE. The formative OSCE was useful in familiarising residents with the examination, giving them an opportunity to perform in near-examination conditions, and providing feedback to residents and faculty about their progress. Our findings may support the implementation of formative OSCEs in other training programmes to prepare learners for high-stake summative OSCEs.
Kiwiberry (Actinidia Arguta) Hexaploid Plant Regeneration Through Culture of Endosperm Isolated From Fresh and Year-old Dry Seeds
Authors: Abdullah Mohib , Sliwinska Elwira , Góralski Grzegorz , Latocha Piotr , Tuleja Monika , Widyna Patrycja , Popielarska-Konieczna Marzena 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Endosperm, an ephemeral and storage tissue, serves as a source of nutrition and protection during embryo development and germination. It can be used for the cultivation of polyploid plants in vitro. Here, a protocol of plant regeneration and acclimatization from the endosperm-derived calli of Actinidia arguta has been developed. Seeds excised from fresh fruit and dry seeds stored for one year served as the sources of endosperm explants of selected tetraploid cultivars of A. arguta. Callus Induction Medium (CIM; containing 0.25, 0.5, or 1 mg/l of TDZ) and Actinidia Endosperm Medium (AEM; containing 2 mg/l of 2,4-D and 5 mg/l of kinetin) were used to study the organogenic responses of the calli. On AEM, the source of explant did not significantly affect the rate of callus induction for any of the tested cultivars. Similarly, no organogenic events were observed. In contrast, on CIM both the source of explants and the cultivar origin caused significant differences in callus formation and subsequent organogenic events. Histological and ultrastructural analyses revealed the adventitious nature of shoot bud formation on these media. The most efficient elongation of shoot buds was achieved after transferring organogenic calli with adventitious shoot buds to a medium supplemented with zeatin or meta-topolin. Robust root induction with minimal basal callus formation occurred on the medium with indole-3-acetic acid. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the nuclear DNA content in the leaves of some regenerants (4.5 pg/2C) was approximately 50% higher than that in the tetraploid seedlings (3.1 pg). This finding confirmed that those regenerants originated from the endosperm. The regeneration of hexaploid plants was more efficient when endosperm from fresh seeds served as an explant; therefore, fresh rather than dry seeds are recommended for endosperm-derived plant production. The hexaploid plants of A. arguta can serve as an important source of breeding material.
Synthetic Curcumin Analog: Inhibiting the Invasion, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis in Human Laryngeal Carcinoma Cells via NF-kB Pathway
Authors: Mohankumar Kumaravel , Francis Arul Prakash , Pajaniradje Sankar , Rajagopalan Rukkumani 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma, the most common among head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) induces 1% of all cancer deaths. Curcumin, the active constituent of turmeric is more effective in the treatment of various cancer. In the present study, with an aim to explore the mechanistic role of BDMC-A as a chemotherapeutic agent, we have investigated the inhibitory effect of BDMC-A on invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis in Hep-2 cells and compared it with curcumin. Curcumin and BDMC-A treated Hep-2 cells were quantified using western blotting and RT-PCR technique to investigate the effect of Curcumin and BDMC-A on transcription factors involved in signal transduction cascade, invasion and angiogenesis associated markers. Pro-inflammatory markers of curcumin and BDMC-A treated Hep-2 cells were estimated using the ELISA kit. The results showed that BDMC-A might exhibit the anti-cancer activity by inhibiting transcription factors mainly NF-κB, p65, c-Jun, c-Fos, STAT3, 5, PPAR-γ and β-catenin, which are responsible for tumor progression and malignancy. Downregulation of MMP-9, VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8 and upregulation of TIMP-2 levels further supports the anti-tumor potential of BDMC-A. Our overall results revealed that BDMC-A more effectively inhibited the markers of invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis in comparison with curcumin.
Comparison of ACIOL Exchange and Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty with ACIOL Retention and Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty in the Setting of Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy
Authors: Dubinsky-Pertzov Biana , Santaella Gissela , Sorkin Nir , Or Lior , Gazit Inbal , Chan Clara C. , Rootman David S. , Einan-Lifshitz Adi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes and complications of anterior chamber intraocular lens (ACIOL) exchange and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) with ACIOL retention and Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in patients with PBK.Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study. Patients with ACIOL who underwent endothelial keratoplasty procedure due to PBK between 2012-2018 in two tertiary medical centers, were identified. Clinical and demographical data including preoperative and postoperative characteristics were collected.Results: Thirteen eyes in the “DMEK and ACIOL exchange” group and 15 in the “DSAEK and ACIOL retention” group were included in the analysis. Mean BCVA six months postoperatively was 0.51±0.20 LogMAR (Snellen 20/64) and 0.57±0.22 LogMAR (Snellen 20/83) in the “DMEK and ACIOL exchange” group and “DSAEK and ACIOL retention” group, respectively (P=0.38). Graft failure occurred in 6 eyes (40%) in the “DSAEK and ACIOL retention” group; four of them were secondary failures occurring at an average follow-up time of 15±11.9 months. In the “DMEK and ACIOL exchange” group, graft failure occurred in one eye and was a primary failure (P=0.046). In the “DMEK and ACIOL exchange” group, postoperative complications were seen in 4 eyes (30.7%). No postoperative complications were recorded in the “DSAEK and ACIOL retention” group (P=0.035).Conclusion: Despite the lower complication rate, the higher incidence of graft failure and the need for second keratoplasty in the DSAEK group along with the similar visual outcomes, might suggest that in the indication of PBK, ACIOL exchange with DMEK offers a good alternative to ACIOL retention with DSAEK.
Quality of life and fear of COVID-19 in 2600 baccalaureate nursing students at five universities – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Beisland Elisabeth Grov , Gjeilo Kari Hanne , Andersen John Roger , Bratås Ola , Bø Bodil , Haraldstad Kristin , Hjelmeland Inger Helen Hardeland , Iversen Marjolein Memelink , Løyland Borghild , Norekvål Tone Merete , Riiser Kirsti , Rohde Gudrun , Urstad Kristin Hjorthaug , Utne Inger , Flølo Tone Nygaard 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions in the implementation of programs across educational institutions. Nursing students, being both young adults and by practical training, part of the health care system, may be particularly vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between self-reported fear of COVID-19, general health, psychological distress and overall quality of life (QoL) in a sample of Norwegian undergraduate nursing students compared to reference data. Methods The survey targeted baccalaureate nursing students from five universities in February 2021. An electronic questionnaire consisted of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 5 (SCL-5), one general health and one overall QoL question. The respondents’ mean scores were compared to reference data. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted, and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were evaluated. Results In total, 2605 out of 6088 (43%) students responded. Their FCV-19S scores (mean 2.45, CI: 2.42, 2.48) were significantly higher than those of the reference population (mean 1.8, P< 0.001). Nursing students scores showed significantly lower general health (mean 3.50 ± 0.93 SD, population mean = 3.57, Cohen’s d = 0.07), higher levels of psychological distress (mean 2.68 ± 1.03 SD, population mean = 2.12, Cohen’s d = 0.55) and lower overall QoL (mean 5.50 ± 2.16 SD, population mean = 8.00, Cohen’s d = 1.16) compared to pre-pandemic reference data. FCV-19S scores were significantly associated with levels of general health (Cohen’s d = 0.26), psychological distress (Cohen’s d = 0.76) and overall QoL (Cohen’s d = 0.18).Conclusions Baccalaureate nursing students reported worse outcomes during the Covid-19 pandemic on general health, psychological distress and overall QoL compared to the reference population. Level of fear of Covid-19, however, accounted for few of these differences. Other factors related to the pandemic may have reduced nursing students’ overall QoL.
Robust IgM responses following vaccination are associated with prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in macaques
Authors: Alter Galit , Irvine Edward , O'Neil Anthony , Darrah Patricia , Shin Sally , Choudhary Alok , Li Wenjun , Honnen William , Mehra Smriti , Kaushal Deepak , Gideon Hannah , Flynn JoAnne , Roederer Mario , Seder Robert , Pinter Abraham , Fortune Sarah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Development of an effective tuberculosis (TB) vaccine has suffered from an incomplete understanding of the correlates of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). However, recent work has shown that compared to standard intradermal Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination, intravenous (IV) BCG vaccination provides nearly complete protection against TB in rhesus macaques. While studies have focused on cellular immunity in this setting, the antibody response elicited by IV BCG vaccination remains incompletely defined. Using an agnostic antibody profiling approach, here we show that IV BCG drives superior antibody responses in the plasma and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL). While IV BCG immunization resulted in the expansion of a robust IgM, IgG, IgA, Fc-receptor binding antibodies, and antibody effector functions in the BAL, IgM titers were among the strongest markers of reduced bacterial burden in the plasma and BAL of BCG immunized animals. Moreover, IgM immunity was also enriched among animals receiving protective vaccination with an attenuated Mtb strain. Finally, a LAM-specific IgM monoclonal antibody reduced Mtb survival in vitro. Collectively, these data highlight the potential importance of IgM responses as a marker and as a functional mediator of protection against TB.
Oncological Safety of Axillary Reverse Mapping in Patients With Clinically Node-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Noguchi Masakuni , Inokuchi Masafumi , Yokoi-Noguchi Miki , Morioka Emi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) was developed to preserve the lymphatic drainage from the upper arm during sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). However, the oncological safety of ARM has been controversial.
Methods

Patients with clinically negative nodes (cN0) underwent SLN biopsy and ARM. SLNs were identified using blue dye and radioisotope, and ARM nodes were traced using the fluorescent method. Patients with positive SLN underwent the standard ALND. After surgery, they were followed up for more than three years.
Results

A total of 507 patients with cN0 breast cancer were enrolled between May 2009 and November 2017. SLNs were identified in 499 (98%) of 507 patients, and ARM nodes were identified in 159 (31%) patients in the SLN field. The crossover rate of SLN-ARM nodes was 28%. Among 95 patients with positive SLNs, 70 patients underwent conventional ALND. ARM nodes were identified in 65 (93%) of those patients in the ALND field. The mean number of removed ARM nodes was 7.2 (range 0–25) in patients who underwent the standard ALND. Although ARM nodes were involved in 18 of 65 patients, the involved ARM nodes were the same SLNs identified in 14 (78%) patients. Since SLN-ARM nodes should be removed, ARM nodes were involved only in 4 (5.7 %) patients after SLN biopsy.
Conclusions

ARM nodes were not infrequently involved in patients with positive SLNs, but they were most often SLNs. Therefore, conservative ALND with ARM is oncologically acceptable in patients with positive SLN.
Rectus Femoris Muscle Mass Measured by Ultrasound is an Indicator of Whole-Body Muscle Mass at Intensive Care Unit Admission: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Arai Yuta , Nakanishi Nobuto , Ono Yuko , Inoue Shigeaki , Kotani Joji , Harada Masafumi , Oto Jun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Muscle mass is an important biomarker of survival from a critical illness, but it is not a widely accepted method to assess whole-body muscle mass when patients are admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We hypothesize that ultrasound-based muscle mass assessments can reflect whole-body muscle mass. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively obtained ultrasound data at ICU admission. We included patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) imaging at the third lumbar vertebral level, within 2 days before and after ICU admission. Primary outcomes included the correlation between the muscle mass (thickness and cross-sectional area) of the rectus femoris measured using ultrasound and whole-body muscle mass measurements obtained from CT. We aimed to determine whether ultrasound assessments can identify sarcopenia, defined as a skeletal muscle index of 29.0 cm2/m2 for males and 36.0 cm2/m2 for females. Secondary outcomes included the ultrasound measurements of the biceps brachii muscle mass and diaphragm thickness. Results: Among 133 patients, 89 patients underwent CT imaging, which included the third lumbar vertebra. The patients’ mean age was 72 ± 13 years, and 60 patients were male. The correlation between rectus femoris muscle ultrasound and CT was ρ = 0.57 (p < 0.01, n = 89) and ρ = 0.48 (p < 0.01, n = 89) on thickness and cross-sectional area, respectively. The thickness of the rectus femoris and cross-sectional area had the discriminative power to assess sarcopenia when the areas under the curve were 0.84 and 0.76, respectively. Ultrasound measurements of the biceps brachii muscle mass and diaphragm thickness were correlated with CT imaging [ρ = 0.57–0.60 (p < 0.01, n = 52) and ρ = 0.35 (p < 0.01, n = 79)]. Conclusions: Ultrasound measurements of muscle mass are a promising method to assess whole-body muscle mass and sarcopenia at ICU admission.Trial registration: UMIN000044032. Retrospectively registered on 25 April 2021