bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial experiments of eye-tracking during AIassisted polyp-detection in colonoscopy
Authors: Wittenberg Thomas , Stenzel Antonia , Wittenberg Amelie , Delius Stefan von , Raithel Martin , Eixelberger Thomas , Nowack Sebastian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Currently, various AI-based systems for computerassisted adenoma- and polyp-detection during colonoscopy have been brought to the market and are under clinical investigation. With these systems available to be used during routine screening colonoscopy and first results published about experiments and findings, it has become of interest how and to which extend such systems are used during the examination. Specifically, similarly to automotive navigation, it is of interest of how much visual focus is put onto the augmented image of the above-mentioned devices, signalling possible hypothesis of adenomas or polyps, and how much time-of-attention remains on the original colonoscopic video data. Thus, within a study, N = 36 participants using a prototype of a polypdetection system have been observed with an eye-tracker-system, to capture and evaluate the relative time of attention with respect to the original and augmented video data and differentiate these values between various sub-groups based on experience, education and gender. T-tests were conducted to identify potential significant differences. Based on the obtained data, the augmented video data is used with a very high attention (up to 75%) depending on the regarded sub-group. Experienced as well as less-experienced users (with > 500 colonoscopies) both preferred looking at the original data. In contrast, gastroenterologists (in contrast to nurses, students, engineers) were more interested in the outcome of the novel AIsystem. The female group preferred looking at the unobstructed data, while the male group was highly interested in the AI-based data.
International Slavic Studies: Concepts, History and Evolution
Authors: Liu Wenfei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper departs from the definition of Slavistics and reviews the history of international Slavic studies, from its prehistory to its formal establishment as an independent discipline in the mid-18th century, and from the Pan-Slavic movement in the mid-19th century to the confrontation of Slavistics between the East and the West in the mid-20th century during the Cold War. The paper highlights the status quo of international Slavic studies and envisions the future development of Slavic studies in China.
Artificial Compressibility Methods for the Incompressible Navier–Stokes Equations Using Lowest-Order Face-Based Schemes on Polytopal Meshes
Authors: Milani Riccardo , Bonelle Jérôme , Ern Alexandre 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We investigate artificial compressibility (AC) techniques for the time discretization of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations.
The space discretization is based on a lowest-order face-based scheme supporting polytopal meshes, namely discrete velocities are attached to the mesh faces and cells, whereas discrete pressures are attached to the mesh cells.
This face-based scheme can be embedded into the framework of hybrid mixed mimetic schemes and gradient schemes, and has close links to the lowest-order version of hybrid high-order methods devised for the steady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations.
The AC time-stepping uncouples at each time step the velocity update from the pressure update.
The performances of this approach are compared against those of the more traditional monolithic approach which maintains the velocity-pressure coupling at each time step.
We consider both first-order and second-order time schemes and either an implicit or an explicit treatment of the nonlinear convection term.
We investigate numerically the CFL stability restriction resulting from an explicit treatment, both on Cartesian and polytopal meshes.
Finally, numerical tests on large 3D polytopal meshes highlight the efficiency of the AC approach and the benefits of using second-order schemes whenever accurate discrete solutions are to be attained.
Representation by sums of unlike powers
Authors: Liu Jianya , Zhao Lilu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
It is proved that all sufficiently large integers n can be represented as

n
=

x
1
2

+

x
2
3

+
⋯
+

x
13
14

,

n=x_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{3}+\cdots+x_{13}^{14},

where

x
1

,
…
,

x
13

{x_{1},\ldots,x_{13}}

are positive integers. This improves upon the current record
with fourteen variables in place of thirteen.
Alphabetic points in compositions and words
Authors: Archibald Margaret , Blecher Aubrey , Knopfmacher Arnold 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We use generating functions to account for alphabetic points (or the lack thereof) in compositions and words. An alphabetic point is a value j such that all the values to its left are not larger than j and all the values to its right are not smaller than j. We also provide the asymptotics for compositions and words which have no alphabetic points, as the size tends to infinity. This is achieved by the construction of upper and lower bounds which converge to each other, and in the latter case by probabilistic arguments.
Implementation complexity of Boolean functions with a small number of ones
Authors: Redkin Nikolay P. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We consider the class F

n, k
consisting of n-ary Boolean functions that take the value one on exactly k input tuples. For small values of k the class F

n, k
is splitted into subclasses, and for every subclass we find the asymptotics of the Shannon function of circuit implementation in the basis

{
x
&
y
,

x
‾

}

$ \{x\&y,\overline x\} $

(or in the basis

{
x
∨
y
,

x
‾

}
)

$ \{x\vee y,\overline x\}) $

; the weights of the basic gates are arbitrary strictly positive numbers.
Improved performance of partially shaded photovoltaic array with reformed-total cross tied configuration
Authors: Madhanmohan Vishnu P. , Saleem Abdul , Madathil Kovilakam Nandakumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Renewable energy sources are receiving wide popularity due to the shortage of fossil fuels and environmental problems caused by conventional energy sources. Solar photovoltaic energy is a widely used sustainable energy source. The power developed by a solar cell is greatly influenced by the insolation level. Partial shading occurs when one or more photovoltaic (PV) cells receive lesser radiation as compared to other cells, which in turn affects the overall electrical performance of PV cells including reduced generated power. This paper proposes a newly developed configuration known as Reformed-Total cross-tied (R-TCT) to improve the power generation during partially shaded conditions in small-scale PV systems, especially for urban and rural area applications. The basic idea of this paper is to redistribute the shaded modules of a row to other rows such that the number of shaded solar PV modules of each row are nearly same. The proposed method is validated by simulation and also by hardware implementation. The simulations and experiments are done on eight different shading cases and found that the proposed method gives either superior or same performance as that of existing TCT, LS (Latin Square)-TCT, and D-TCT configurations.
A PLSR model to predict soil salinity using Sentinel-2 MSI data
Authors: Sahbeni Ghada 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Salinization is one of the most widespread environmental threats in arid and semi-arid regions that occur either naturally or artificially within the soil. When exceeding the thresholds, salinity becomes a severe danger, damaging agricultural production, water and soil quality, biodiversity, and infrastructures. This study used spectral indices, including salinity and vegetation indices, Sentinel-2 MSI original bands, and DEM, to model soil salinity in the Great Hungarian Plain. Eighty-one soil samples in the upper 30 cm of the soil surface were collected from vegetated and nonvegetated areas by the Research Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry (RISSAC). The sampling campaign of salinity monitoring was performed in the dry season to enhance salt spectral characteristics during its accumulation in the subsoil. Hence, applying a partial least squares regression (PLSR) between salt content (g/kg) and remotely sensed data manifested a highly moderate correlation with a coefficient of determination R
2 of 0.68, a p-value of 0.000017, and a root mean square error of 0.22. The final model can be deployed to highlight soil salinity levels in the study area and assist in understanding the efficacy of land management strategies.
Compressive strength and thermal properties of sand–bentonite mixture
Authors: Zakarka Mindaugas , Skuodis Šarūnas , Šiupšinskas Giedrius , Bielskus Juozas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sand–bentonite mixtures are used in road embankments as a protective material for protecting underground high-voltage cables and utility pipelines supplying water and gas etc. The sand–bentonite mixtures provide benefits while laying high-voltage cables. The purpose of this study is to determine the proportions as well as mechanical and thermal properties of a dry-mixed sand–bentonite mixture and to investigate the suitability of such mixtures for installation around high-voltage underground power lines in road embankments. When selecting a sand–bentonite mixture, the following requirements must be ensured: the compressive strength must be greater than 0.5 MPa after 24 h; the thermal resistivity must be greater than 1.2 K m/W (thermal conductivity 0,833 W/(K m)); and the moisture content of the sand–bentonite mixture must be less than 13%. The following materials were used when selecting the bentonite mixture: bentonite, 0–4.0 mm fraction sand, cement (CEM I 42.5R), and water. In this study, six groups of samples were formed, in which the parts of concrete, sand, cement, and water were added in different proportions. The strength and thermal conductivity of the samples were analyzed. Studies about the use of bentonite around high-voltage cables have revealed the need for wet mixing of bentonite suspensions. The required thermal conductivity properties of the soil were not achieved by dry mixing. This method of mixing can be useful only in cases when the thermal conductivity of the mixed soil is not relevant, because the work can be continued after a day.
The role of mycotoxins in neurodegenerative diseases: current state of the art and future perspectives of research
Authors: Nguyen Vu Thu Thuy , König Svenja , Eggert Simone , Endres Kristina , Kins Stefan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites that can cause various diseases in humans and animals. The adverse health effects of mycotoxins such as liver failure, immune deficiency, and cancer are well-described. However, growing evidence suggests an additional link between these fungal metabolites and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the wealth of these initial reports, reliable conclusions are still constrained by limited access to human patients and availability of suitable cell or animal model systems. This review summarizes knowledge on mycotoxins associated with neurodegenerative diseases and the assumed underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. The limitations of the common in vivo and in vitro experiments to identify the role of mycotoxins in neurotoxicity and thereby in neurodegenerative diseases are elucidated and possible future perspectives to further evolve this research field are presented.
The cAMP responsive element modulator (CREM) is a regulator of CD4+ T cell function
Authors: Subramanyam Sudheendra Hebbar , Tenbrock Klaus 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The cAMP responsive element modulator (CREM) is a transcriptional regulator of different effector cytokines in CD4+ T cells including IL-2, IL-17, IL-21 but also IL-4 and IL-13 and thus an important determinant of central T helper cell functions. Our review gives an overview over the regulation of CREM in T cells and the pleiotropic effects of CREM on CD4+ T cells in health and autoimmune diseases with a particular focus on systemic lupus erythematosus.
Identification of cytokeratin24 as a tumor suppressor for the management of head and neck cancer
Authors: Gül Désirée , Habtemichael Negusse , Dietrich Dimo , Dietrich Jörn , Gößwein Dorothee , Khamis Aya , Deuss Eric , Künzel Julian , Schneider Günter , Strieth Sebastian , Stauber Roland H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To improve management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients, we need to increase our understanding of carcinogenesis, to identify biomarkers, and drug targets. This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers by providing transcriptomics profiles of matched primary tumors, lymph node metastasis, and non-malignant tissue of 20 HNSCC patients as well as by bioinformatic analyses of a TCGA HNSCC cohort, comprising 554 patients. We provide cancer cell signaling networks differentially expressed in tumors versus metastases, such as mesenchymal–epithelial transition, and structural integrity networks. As a proof of principle study, we exploited the data sets and performed functional analyses of a novel cytokeratin, cytokeratin24 (cKRT24), which had not been described as biomarker for tumors before. Survival analysis revealed that low cKRT24 expression correlated with poor overall survival in HNSCC. Experimentally, downregulation of cKRT24 in primary tumors, metastases, and HNSCC cell lines was verified on mRNA and protein level. Cloning and ectopic overexpression of cKRT24 not only affected viability and growth of HNSSC cell lines, but also inhibited tumor growth in murine xenograft studies. We conclude that cKRT24 functions as a tumor suppressor in HNSCC, and may serve as an additional prognostic biomarker and novel target to support current HNSCC treatments.
Failed humor in conversation: disalignment and (dis)affiliation as a type of interactional failure
Authors: Priego-Valverde Béatrice 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article reports on research on failed humor in French conversation. The aim is to investigate disalignment and (dis)affiliation as a type of interactional failure. For this purpose, 1,345 instances of humor were identified within a corpus of eight interactions in French. Among them, 259 were instances of failed humor, 158 of which were produced by the recipient, i.e., the participant who had taken the turn to produce humor. These 158 instances were analyzed using a method combining Conversation Analysis and corpus-based approaches. Conversation is seen as intrinsically dynamic: participants constantly shift between serious and humorous frames, different activities and different roles within them. In this light, each instance of failed humor was analyzed in relation to the frame and the type of activity within which it was embedded. All of the instances were found to be either disaligned and affiliated or disaligned and disaffiliated. Viewing conversation through its dynamism thus brings to light the ways in which disalignment and (dis)affiliation are a type of interactional failure. The analysis of three examples of disaligned and (dis)affiliated humor illustrates this type of interactional failure.
The remediation of textile wastewater using solid Bauxite Residue waste as a potential Fenton catalyst in the fluidized bed Fenton process
Authors: Sharma Manisha , Mohapatra Titikshya , Ghime Damodhar , Ghosh Prabir 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The synergistic relationship between the reactor and the catalysts has gained immense popularity in the field of Chemical Engineering due to their wide application. Catalytic processes have evolved over the decades from expensive commercial catalysts to low-cost solid waste catalysts for the sustainable development and reduction of their impacts on the environment. This alternative use of solid waste can greatly decrease the cost of wastewater treatment and addresses solid wastes issues. Bauxite Residue (BR) is one such waste from alumina-based industries with excellent catalytic properties. The fluid dynamics of fluidized bed technology improves profoundly the hydrodynamics and mass transfer of the heterogeneous Fenton process. This paper presents the preparation of the catalyst with minimum processing effort. It was characterized and factors affecting the degradation efficiency of synthetic dye wastewater were investigated. The optimum conditions for the eosin yellow dye were observed at a pH of five, oxidant concentration of 30 mM, catalyst dosage of 4 g/L. The removal efficiency at these optimum conditions was observed to be 91%. The residence time distribution (RTD) study was aimed to determine the behavior of the reactor using the mean residence time, variance, and dispersion number for the fluidized bed reactor.
How to Quarantine False Information: What the U.S. Government May Do as False Information Spread on Social Media during a Public Health Crisis Becomes a Biosecurity Threat
Authors: James Sonam 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
With the global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, misinformation about the pandemic spread prolifically on social media. False or harmful information about the coronavirus pandemic spread on social media included hate-speech, vaccine misinformation, and misinformation about public health and safety measures. In the midst of a serious public health crisis, where public cooperation for mandated health and safety measures hinges on trust in government and facts, false information rapidly spread through social media becomes a biosecurity threat. This article explores whether false or harmful information can be regulated during a serious public health emergency.
„Ein modernes Verdeutschungs-Unternehmen“. Über die historische Semantik der Buber-Rosenzweig-Bibel
Authors: Sauter Inka 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article traces a debate on Martin Buber and Franz Rosenzweig’s Germanization of the Bible. The trigger of the debate was Siegfried Kracauer’s infamous critique entitled “Die Bibel auf Deutsch” (“The Bible in German”), published in April 1926 in the Frankfurter Zeitung. In his harsh review of the first volume of the translation, Kracauer regards the use of the German language by Buber and Rosenzweig as an archaization. Relying in part on unpublished letters, this paper presents and explores the different perceptions of the translation, which embody the depths these fault lines penetrated both in general public discourse and, more specifically, in German-Jewish circles. This article also points towards the change of the German language in the 19th century that is embedded in the historical semantics of the Buber-Rosenzweig Bible.
Plasmonic gold nanostars for synergistic photoimmunotherapy to treat cancer
Authors: Liu Yang , Chorniak Ericka , Odion Ren , Etienne Wiguins , Nair Smita K. , Maccarini Paolo , Palmer Gregory M. , Inman Brant A. , Vo-Dinh Tuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death and there is an urgent need to improve cancer management. We have developed an innovative cancer therapy named Synergistic Immuno Photothermal Nanotherapy (SYMPHONY) by combining gold nanostars (GNS)-mediated photothermal ablation with checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. Our previous studies have demonstrated that SYMPHONY photoimmunotherapy not only treats the primary tumor but also dramatically amplifies anticancer immune responses in synergy with checkpoint blockade immunotherapy to treat remote and unresectable cancer metastasis. The SYMPHONY treatment also induces a ‘cancer vaccine’ effect leading to immunologic memory and prevents cancer recurrence in murine animal models. This manuscript provides an overview of our research activities on the SYMPHONY therapy with plasmonic GNS for cancer treatment.
Plasmonic nanolasers: fundamental properties and applications
Authors: Ma Ren-Min , Wang Si-Yi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Plasmonic nanolasers are a new class of coherent emitters where surface plasmons are amplified by stimulated emission in a plasmonic nanocavity. In contrast to lasers, the physical size and mode volume of plasmonic nanolasers can shrink beyond the optical diffraction limit, and can be operated with faster speed and lower power consumption. It was initially proposed by Bergman and Stockman in 2003, and first experimentally demonstrated in 2009. Here we summarize our studies on the fundamental properties and applications of plasmonic nanolasers in recent years, including dark emission characterization, scaling laws, quantum efficiency, quantum threshold, gain and loss optimization, low loss plasmonic materials, sensing, and eigenmode engineering.
Polarization-independent anapole response of a trimer-based dielectric metasurface
Authors: Tuz Vladimir R. , Evlyukhin Andrey B. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The phenomenon of anapole has attracted considerable attention in the field of metamaterials as a possible realization of radiationless objects. We comprehensively study this phenomenon in the cluster-based systems of dielectric particles by considering conditions of anapole manifestation in both single trimers of disk-shaped particles and metamaterial composed on such trimers. Our analytical approach is based on the multipole decomposition method and the secondary multipole decomposition technique. They allow us to associate the anapole with the multipole moments of the trimer and the separate multipole moments of its constitutive particles. The manifestation of anapole in a two-dimensional metamaterial (metasurface) is confirmed by checking the resonant states in the reflected field as well as from the electromagnetic near-field patterns obtained from the full-wave numerical simulation. It is demonstrated that the anapole excitation in trimers results in the polarization-independent suppression of reflection with the resonant enhancement of local electromagnetic fields in the metasurface. Finally, experimental verification of the theoretical results is presented and discussed.
Experimental and multiscale numerical investigations on low-velocity impact responses of syntactic foam composites reinforced with modified MWCNTs
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Jun , Wang Jie , Hui David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study focused on experimental and numerical investigations into the low-velocity impact behavior of epoxy resin matrix syntactic composites with embedded hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The synergistic effects of HGMs and MWCNTs on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin composites were improved by applying amine and acid treatments to HGMs and MWCNTs, respectively. The influence of the MWCNT content and the applied impact energy on the impact responses and compression strength after the impact of these syntactic foam panel samples were discussed. The results indicated that modifying HGMs and MWCNTs contributed to improving the energy absorption and the strength retention factor (SRF) of these panels and the SRF increased with increased MWCNT content. Moreover, multiscale finite-element (FE) models were developed to simulate panel impact behavior, and modeling results were compared with experimental data. Then, the verified FE model was used to analyze the influence of CNT types (helical CNTs vs MWCNTs) and the diameter-to-thickness ratios of HGMs. This study provided a theoretical basis and design reference for a novel lightweight composite material subjected to low-velocity impact, which could be applied as a core material for sandwich structures in aerospace, marine engineering, transportation, and civil infrastructures.