bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of smoking and injecting methamphetamine and their association with health and social outcomes
Authors: McKetin Rebecca , Sutherland Rachel , Peacock Amy , Farrell Michael , Degenhardt Louisa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe examine how smoking and injecting methamphetamine change over time and correlate with specific health and social outcomes.MethodsPanel data from a longitudinal cohort dependent on methamphetamine (N = 444; 891 months). Random effects regression models examined the relationship between smoking and/or injecting methamphetamine and past month outcomes (substance use, ≥daily injection, needle/syringe sharing, psychological distress, poor mental and physical health, sexual behaviour, psychotic symptoms, violent behaviour and crime). Effects were adjusted for between‐group differences at baseline.ResultsAt baseline, 56% of participants only injected methamphetamine in the past month, 18% only smoked and 26% both injected and smoked (concurrent injecting and smoking). Compared to injecting only, concurrent injecting and smoking was associated with more days of methamphetamine use (b = 1.3, P < 0.001; adjusted [A] b = 1.2, P < 0.001), more frequent injection [odds ratio (OR) 1.8, P = 0.013; adjusted OR (AOR) 1.6, P = 0.042], violent behaviour (OR 2.1, P = 0.001; AOR 1.8, P = 0.013] and crime (OR 3.1, P < 0.001; AOR 2.5, P < 0.001). Non‐injecting related outcomes did not differ significantly for only smoking versus only injecting. There was no significant transition from injecting methamphetamine at baseline to non‐injecting methamphetamine use at follow up, or from exclusively smoking methamphetamine at baseline to any methamphetamine injection at follow up.Discussion and ConclusionEfforts are needed to address heavier methamphetamine use, more frequent drug injection and elevated violent behaviour and crime among people who concurrently smoke and inject methamphetamine.
On the prediction of neuronal microscale topology descriptors based on mesoscale recordings
Authors: Bonzanni Mattia , Kaplan David L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe brain possesses structural and functional hierarchical architectures organized over multiple scales. Considering that functional recordings commonly focused on a single spatial level, and because multiple scales interact with one another, we explored the behaviour of in silico neuronal networks across different scales. We established ad hoc relations of several topological descriptors (average clustering coefficient, average path length, small‐world propensity, modularity, network degree, synchronizability and fraction of long‐term connections) between different scales upon application and empirical validation of a Euclidian renormalization approach. We tested a simple network (distance‐dependent model) as well as an artificial cortical network (Vertex; undirected and directed networks) finding the same qualitative power law relations of the parameters across levels: their quantitative nature is model dependent. Those findings were then organized in a workflow that can be used to predict, with approximation, microscale topologies from mesoscale recordings. The present manuscript not only presents a theoretical framework for the renormalization of biological neuronal network and their study across scales in light of the spatial features of the recording method but also proposes an applicable workflow to compare real functional networks across scales.
Global trends in symptomatic medication use against dementia in 66 countries/regions from 2008 to 2018
Authors: Ju Chengsheng , Wong Ian C. K. , Lau Wallis C. Y. , Man Kenneth K. C. , Brauer Ruth , Ma Tian‐Tian , Alsharif Alaa , Alwafi Hassan , Lau Kui Kai , Chan Esther W. , Chui Celine S. L. , Li Xue , Wei Li 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe aim was to determine trends and patterns of symptomatic medication used against dementia in 66 countries and regions.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study that used the wholesale data from the IQVIA Multinational Integrated Data Analysis System database. Sale data for symptomatic medication against dementia from 66 countries and regions from 2008 to 2018 were analysed and stratified by income level (low/middle‐income countries [LMICs], n = 27; high‐income countries [HICs], n = 37; regions, n = 2). The medication use volume was estimated by defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day (World Health Organization DDD harmonized the size, strength and form of each pack and reflects average dosing). Changes in medication use over time were quantified as percentage changes in compound annual growth rates (CAGRs).ResultsTotal symptomatic medication against dementia sales increased from 0.85 to 1.33 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day between 2008 and 2018 (LMICs 0.094–0.396; HICs 3.88–5.04), which is an increase of CAGR of 4.53% per year. The increase was mainly driven by the LMICs (CAGR = 15.42%) in comparison to the HICs (CAGR = 2.65%). The overall medication use from 2008 to 2018 increased for all four agents: memantine (CAGR = 8.51%), rivastigmine (CAGR = 6.91%), donepezil (CAGR = 2.72%) and galantamine (CAGR = 0.695%). In 2018, the most commonly used medication globally was donepezil, contributing to 49.8% of total use volume, followed by memantine (32.7%), rivastigmine (11.24%) and galantamine (6.36%).ConclusionThere was an increasing trend in the use of symptomatic medications against dementia globally, but the use remained low in LMICs. Interventions may be needed to support the medication use in some countries.
Toward a better understanding of persistent headache after mild COVID‐19: Three migraine‐like yet distinct scenarios
Authors: Caronna Edoardo , Alpuente Alicia , Torres‐Ferrus Marta , Pozo‐Rosich Patricia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOne year after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), referrals for persistent headache, often defined as “post‐COVID headache,” have become increasingly common in outpatient headache clinics. However, it is important to take into consideration that this term may include a spectrum of clinically different headache types. We describe three cases of migraine‐like headaches in individuals with a history of mild COVID‐19 infection to demonstrate some of the different phenotypes of persistent headaches seen. These cases highlight the importance of a careful evaluation when assessing the complexities of “post‐COVID headache” as well as the need to further investigate the different, underlying, pathophysiological mechanisms.
Geologic age of the lower Josoji Formation, Shimane Peninsula, Southwest Honshu, Japan: Implications for an abrupt change to deep‐water during the earlier opening stage of the Japan Sea
Authors: Nomura Ritsuo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe lower part of the Josoji Formation, Shimane Peninsula, contains clues for figuring out changes in deep‐water characteristics during the opening of the Japan Sea. The foraminiferal assemblage includes early to middle Miocene biostratigraphic index taxa such as planktonic foraminiferalGloborotalia zealandicaandGloborotaloides suteri. The occurrence of these two species, together with the absence of praeorbulinids, suggests that the lower part of the Josoji Formation is assigned to the top of planktonic foraminiferal Zone N7/M4 (16.39 Ma). The benthic foraminiferal assemblage, which is characterized byCyclammina cancellataandMartinottiella communis, clearly suggests that the lower Josoji Formation was deposited at bathyal depths, and that it developed in association with the abrupt appearance of deep‐sea calcareous forms. Such bathyal taxa are the main constituents of theSpirosigmoilinella compressa–Globobulimina auriculataZone of the Josoji Formation and also of theGyrodina–GyroidinoidesZone at Ocean Drilling Program Site 797 in the Japan Sea. The base of these benthic foraminiferal zones can be correlated with the base of the nannofossilSphenolithus heteromorphusBase Zone (= CNM6/CN3); thus, its estimated age is 17.65 Ma. This biostratigraphic information suggests that the lower Josoji Formation was deposited from shortly before 17.65–16.39 Ma in upper limit age. Evidence that fresh to brackish and shallow‐water basins formed in the rifting interval of 20–18 Ma in the Japan Sea borderland suggests that the abrupt appearance of deep‐sea calcareous foraminifera occurred about 1 my earlier in this area than in other sedimentary basins and suggests that a significant paleoceanographic change occurred in the proto‐Japan Sea at 17.65 Ma.
Influences of mullite fibers on mechanical and thermal properties of silica‐based ceramic cores
Authors: Pan Wenxuan , Xuan Weidong , Duan Fangmiao , Bai Xiaolong , Wang Baojun , Ren Zhongming 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMullite fibers composite silica‐based ceramic cores were successfully prepared by injection molding. The effects of mullite fibers on the mechanical and thermal properties of ceramic cores were investigated. The results indicated that the linear shrinkage was significantly decreased and the porosity was gradually increased with the increase of mullite fibers. In addition, the flexural strength for the room temperature and the simulated casting temperature of 1500°C was increased to a maximum value when the content of mullite fibers was about 1 wt.%, and then decreased with the increase of mullite fibers. The mullite fibers of 1 wt.% presented excellent mechanical properties with a linear shrinkage of .65%, a porosity of 6.96%, and a flexural strength of 17 MPa at room temperature and 34.83 MPa at the simulated casting temperature of 1500°C. Besides, the change in microstructure and properties in various contents of mullite fibers were analyzed.
Undergraduate nursing student knowledge and attitudes of healthcare consumers with problematic alcohol and other drug use: A scoping review
Authors: Smyth Darren , Wilson Cate , Searby Adam 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProblematic alcohol and other drug use has a significant societal, personal, and financial burden. Nurses are key in responding to problematic alcohol and other drug use; however, research indicates many nurses hold negative attitudes towards people with substance and alcohol use disorders. Further, little content exists in most undergraduate degrees to address stigma held by new nurses. The objective of this scoping review, structured using Arksey and O'Malley's (International Journal of Social Research Methodology: Theory and Practice, 8 (1), 19–32, 2005) framework, is to examine studies that either explore or attempt to improve the knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate nurses caring for people who use alcohol and other drugs. Our initial search located 610 articles, and after screening, 14 articles were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and included in this review. Most of the papers appraised were small, localized studies using evaluation methods considered low quality, but showed promising results in addressing stigma and confidence in providing care to people who use alcohol and other drugs. This review indicates that a consistent direction for improving knowledge and attitudes among undergraduate nursing students working with people who use alcohol and other drugs is urgently needed. Further studies of interventions, tested with more rigorous evaluation methodologies, are required to extend existing work in this area.
The effect of felt trust from patients among nurses on attitudes towards nursing service delivery
Authors: Shen Lihua , Fei Xuan , Zhou Yan , Wang Jie , Zhu Yue , Zhuang Yiyu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo examine how felt trust motivates nurses to desire to deliver better nursing services and how perspective taking makes nurses feel trusted by their patients. By introducing the concept of prosocial motivation into nursing research, this study further explored a boundary condition that influences the positive relationship between felt trust from patients and attitudes towards nursing service delivery.DesignThis study used a cross‐sectional and survey design.MethodThis study was conducted among 339 nurses on medical teams sent to support Hubei, China, during the COVID‐19 pandemic in April 2020.ResultsThe results indicate that felt trust from patients mediated the positive relationship between perspective taking and attitudes towards nursing service delivery. In addition, prosocial motivation moderated the relationship between felt trust from patients and attitudes towards nursing service delivery, such that the relationship was stronger when prosocial motivation was high (vs. low). Prosocial motivation also moderated the indirect effects of perspective taking on attitudes towards nursing service delivery via felt trust from patients.ConclusionThis study shows that despite the challenges posed by COVID‐19, nurses who experience a high level of trust from patients are still eager to deliver high‐quality nursing services, and this finding is especially salient among those with high prosocial motivation.ImpactThis study introduces felt trust from patients as a new motivational mechanism that can induce nurses’ willingness to deliver better nursing services. We suggest that nurses and nurse leaders should be aware of the significance of the trust relationship between nurses and patients. Nurses need to be trained to take patients’ perspectives in the interaction process, which can make them feel trusted by patients and can consequently be motivated to deliver better nursing services.
Interventions to empower cardiorenal patients: A systematic review
Authors: Ania‐González Noelia , Olano‐Lizarraga Maddi , Vázquez‐Calatayud Mónica 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo identify the most effective interventions to empower cardiorenal patients.DesignA systematic review of the literature has been carried out.Data sourcesThe PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Cochrane databases were reviewed, and journals in the field were manually searched between January and February 2020.Review methodsFive randomized clinical trials and quasi‐experimental studies that met the selection and CONSORT & TREND methodological quality criteria were selected.ResultsThe evidence supports that there are no existing interventions aimed at empowering cardiorenal patients. However, the interventions to empower people with chronic kidney disease and heart failure suggest that their integration should address seven domains: patient education, sense of self‐management, constructive coping, peer sharing, enablement, self‐efficacy and quality of life.ConclusionA gap has been revealed in the literature regarding the empowerment of cardiorenal patients. This review provides relevant information to help design, implement and evaluate interventions to empower these patients by describing the strategies used to empower people experiencing both chronic conditions and the tools used for their assessment.ImpactThere is a need for further research to design, implement and evaluate a multidimensional intervention that favours the empowerment of cardiorenal patients by using valid and reliable instruments that measure the domains that constitute it in an integrated manner. Interventions aimed at empowering the cardiorenal patient should include seven domains: patient education, sense of self‐management, constructive coping, peer sharing, enablement, self‐efficacy and quality of life.
The experiences of family resilience from the view of the adult children of parents with bipolar disorder in Chinese society
Authors: Liu Sara Hsin‐Yi , Hsiao Fei‐Hsiu , Chen Shing‐Chia , Shiau Shu‐jen , Hsieh Ming H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsThis study explored how adult children perceived family resilience, barriers to develop family resilience and how cultural values influence their experience of parents with bipolar disorder in Chinese society.DesignA qualitative design with an interpretive phenomenological analysis of data was employed.MethodsTwenty adults who had lived with parents with bipolar disorder during childhood were recruited from the acute psychiatric ward when their parents were admitted to the hospital. They described their experiences of perceived family resilience and barriers to resilience (October 2013–September 2015). Semi‐structured interviews were conducted in the hospital meeting room or at a convenient location.FindingsSix themes were identified in family resilience: ill parents try to be good parents, parents’ personal strengths, parents’ positive attitudes towards mental illness, flexibility of family role, cohesive relationships between family members, and families’ social connections. Three themes were identified in the barriers to develop family resilience: poor parenting/family function, conflict between parents and poor mental health literacy.ConclusionChildren's views of family resilience could transform their suffering from lived experiences with a mentally ill parent to a positive growth experience. Family resilience includes well and ill parents’ efforts and social network's help to maintain family function. However, the conflicts between well and ill parents and poor family function result in a traumatic growth experience.ImpactTo enhance a positive growth experience, family resilience programs for a parent with bipolar disorder aiming to cultivate both the ill and well parents’ inner strength and their competence of parenting skills with connecting their social network to maintain family function is needed. Moreover, early stress‐reduction intervention needs to be developed for children who did not experience family resilience.
500 years of breeding in theCarthusian Strainof Pura Raza Español horse: An evolutional analysis using genealogical and genomic data
Authors: Poyato‐Bonilla Julia , Laseca Nora , Demyda‐Peyrás Sebastián , Molina Antonio , Valera Mercedes 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Carthusian horse is a Pura Raza Español (PRE) strain (CS), bred as a closed population since its creation more than 500 years ago. The aim of this study was to analyse for the first time its population structure and situation of variability combining both genealogical (GEL) and genomic (GEN) data. The GEL data comprised 348,429 pedigree records (56,105 CS horses), while the GEN analysis included the high‐density genotypes (670,804 SNPs) of 287 horses. Pedigree completeness demonstrated its accuracy, showing a good correlation of GEL (F) and GEN (FROH) inbreeding coefficient in the case of PRE subpopulations partially related and non‐related to Carthusian strain (0.68) but a lower value in the 100% Carthusian horses (0.42), due to the high weight of founders not detected by GEL analysis. GEN (PCA, AMOVA, and Admixture) and GEL analysis showed a good differentiation of subpopulations, but also a high level of introgression of the CS in the breed during past decades. A recent change in this trend was noteworthy, with a considerable reduction in CS variability and a genetic bottleneck (effective population sizes of 31.57 and 30.20 in GEL and GEN analysis, respectively, in last generation). The PRE has maintained its variability, and a considerable difference in estimated Neby GEL (60.77) and GEN (188.0) data was observed. Using two sources of complementary information, it was found the existence of an ancient PRE strain with a unique genetic landmark, practically free from the influence of other equine populations.
Associations of plasma uromodulin and genetic variants with blood pressure responses to dietary salt interventions
Authors: Du Ming‐Fei , Yao Shi , Zou Ting , Mu Jian‐Jun , Zhang Xiao‐Yu , Hu Gui‐Lin , Chu Chao , Jia Hao , Liao Yue‐Yuan , Chen Chen , Wang Dan , Ma Qiong , Yan Yu , Wang Ke‐Ke , Sun Yue , Niu Ze‐Jiaxin , Yan Rui‐Chen , Zhang Xi , Zhou Hao‐Wei , Gao Wei‐Hua , Li Hao , Li Chun‐Hua , Gao Ke , Zhang Jie , Yang Tie‐Lin , Wang Yang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUromodulin, also named Tamm Horsfall protein, have been associated with renal function and sodium homeostasis regulation. The authors sought to examine the effects of salt intake on plasma and urinary uromodulin levels and the association of its genetic variants with salt sensitivity in Chinese adults. Eighty patients from our natural population cohort were maintained sequentially either on a usual diet for 3 days, a low‐salt diet (3.0 g) for 7 days, and a high‐salt diet (18.0 g) for an additional 7 days. In addition, the authors studied 514 patients of the Baoji Salt‐Sensitive Study, recruited from 124 families who received the same salt intake intervention, and investigated the association of genetic variations in uromodulin gene with salt sensitivity. Plasma uromodulin levels were significantly lower on a high‐salt diet than on a baseline diet (28.3 ± 4.5 vs. 54.9 ± 8.8 ng/ml). Daily urinary excretions of uromodulin were significantly decreased on a high‐salt diet than on a low‐salt diet (28.7 ± 6.7 vs. 157.2 ± 21.7 ng/ml). SNPs rs7193058 and rs4997081 were associated with the diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses to the high‐salt diet. In addition, several SNPs in the uromodulin gene were significantly associated with pulse pressure (PP) response to the low‐salt intervention. This study shows that dietary salt intake affects plasma and urinary uromodulin levels and that uromodulin may play a role in the pathophysiological process of salt sensitivity in the Chinese populations.
TBC1 domain family member 23 interacts with Ras‐related protein Rab‐11A to promote poor prognosis of non‐small‐cell lung cancer via β1‐integrin
Authors: Zhang Yao , Su Hongbo , Wudu Muli , Ren Hongjiu , Xu Yitong , Zhang Qingfu , Jiang Jun , Wang Qiongzi , Jiang Xizi , Zhang Bo , Liu Zongang , Zou Zifang , Qiu Xueshan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNon‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80% of lung cancer cases. TBC1D23, a member of the TBC/RABGAP family, is widely expressed in human tissues; however, its role in NSCLC is currently unknown. Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted on 173 paraffin‐embedded lung tissue sections from patients with NSCLC from 2014 to 2018 at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University. MTT, colony formation assay, cell cycle assay, scratch assay, transwell assay, Western blotting and real‐time PCR were employed on multiple NSCLC cell lines modified to knock down or overexpress TBC1D23/RAB11A. Immunoprecipitation, immunoprecipitation‐mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were performed to explore the interaction between TBC1D23 and RAB11A and TBC1D23 involvement in the interaction between RAB11A and β1 integrin in the para‐nucleus. TBC1D23 was correlated with tumour size, differentiation degree, metastasis, TNM stage and poor prognosis. TBC1D23 was involved in the interaction between RAB11A and β1 integrin in the para‐nucleus, thus activating the β1 integrin/FAK/ERK signalling pathway to promote NSCLC. Furthermore, TBC1D23 promoted NSCLC progression by inducing cell proliferation, migration and invasion. This study indicated the relationship between TBC1D23 expression and the adverse clinicopathological characteristics of patients with NSCLC, suggesting that TBC1D23 may be an important target for NSCLC treatment.