bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of the women hormonal background with endometriosis-associated infertility
Authors: Kulyk I. I. , Khmil S. V. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction. According to experts, endometriosis affects 10-15% of women of reproductive age; the percentage of endometriosis-associated infertility in this category of women is 30-50%. Given that endometriosis affects women of young reproductive age, the question arises about conservative and surgical ways to restore reproductive function.Objective of the research: to analyze retrospectively the level of serum hormones of patients with endometriosis-associated infertility, depending on the type of treatment of endometrioid cysts.Materials and methods. The study included 114 women aged 21- 40 years with endometriosis-associated infertility, who were treated at the “ProfessorS.KhmilClinicMedicalCenter”. The comparison group included 30 women with tuboperitoneal infertility factor. Patients with endometriosis-associated infertility were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 54 women of reproductive age with unoperated endometrioid cysts up to4 cm in diameter, group 2 - 60 women with a medical history of surgical treatment of endometrioid cysts. Each of the groups was divided into 2 subgroups. 1a - monolateral endometrioid cysts; 1b - bilateral endometrioid cysts; 2a - without recurrent cysts in the previously operated ovary; 2b - with mono- or bilateral cysts in the previously operated ovary.Determination of the concentration of the reproductive system hormones was performed in an accredited laboratory of the “Professor S. Khmil Clinic Medical Center” with the help of “Diagnostic Systems Laboratories, Inc.” test system (USA) using the analyzer “StatFax”.Results and Discussion. It was found that the concentration of AMH was probably lower in the blood serum of women who underwent cystectomy, but did not differ statistically significantly between groups 2a and 2b. The concentration of FSH in the experimental groups was probably higher than in the comparison group, but its level in different experimental groups probably did not differ when analyzing the rank variations of Kruskal-Wallis. Changes in LH concentration had similar dynamics to FSH, in particular, the level of LH in the experimental groups was probably higher against the data of the comparison group. It should be noted that the concentration of LH in 2b group was probably higher in relation to 1a (by 26.25%), 1b (by 22.42%) and 2a (by 20.24%) groups. Progesterone level was statistically significantly lower in groups 1a, 1b and 2b relative to the comparison group. Analysis of prolactin level did not show statistical difference both in the analysis of rank variations of Kruskal-Wallis, and when compared with the data of the comparison group.Conclusions. Women with endometriosis-associated infertility have hormonal disorders characterized by increased levels of follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormones, estradiol, decreased levels of progesterone and anti-müllerian hormone, with AMH probably lower in women after cystectomy, according to data of unoperated patients.
New risc factors in progression of age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Kovalchuk Khrystyna 
Published: February 2021

Background. Allot of studies investigate the etiology and pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The exudative form of AMD is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly. At the same time neurosensory retina detachment in AMD has high level of prevalence and severity of comlications but little attention has been paid to explaying the risk factors of retina edema and the possibility of their role on the interstitial fluid accumulation. The investigation of patterns for predicting the risk of retinal detachment is still cosiderable, as this is important for patients selection with high risk of developing retinal detachment of AMD and effective preventive treatment. Purpose: To investigate new risk factors for the progression of age-related macular degeneration. Materials and methods. The prospective study included 37 patients (67 eyes) with the exudative form of AMD (Category 4 according to the AREDS). 21 (56.8%) patients had exudative detachment of neurosensory retina. The ophthalmologic examination included anamnesis, visometry, tonometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography. ATP, ADP, adenosine, platelet-activating factor (PAF), adrenaline and isadrin were used to study the functional activity of platelet receptors. The evaluation of platelet aggregation was carried out by a turbidimetric method. Methods of pair correlation analysis and multiple linear regression models were used to analyse the relationship between the values of individual agonists the retinal detachment. Results. After analysis of nine items, three of which were found to be significantly associated with serous detachment of neurosensory retina, including the activity of PAF receptors, adenosine A2A receptors and α2-adrenoreceptors. The prognosis of the cases of this complication in the general cohort of patients with exudative AMD turned out to be positive in 87.5%. Conclusions. Correlation between the development of exudative detachment of neurosensory retina and the functional state of Pl can be used in the selection for preventive treatment of patients with retinal detachment in AMD.
Assessing damages of agricultural land due to flooding in a lagoon region based on remote sensing and GIS: case study of the Quang Dien district, Thua Thien Hue province, central Vietnam
Authors: NGUYEN Ngoc Bich , NGUYEN Ngu Huu , TRAN Duc Thanh , TRAN Phuong Thi , PHAM Tung Gia , NGUYEN Tri Minh 
Published: February 2021

This study aims to create a flood extent map with Sentinel imagery and to evaluate impacts on agricultural land in the lagoon region of central Vietnam. In this study, remote sensing images, obtained from 2017 to 2019, were used to simultaneously map the land cover status of a flood in the Quang Dien district. This study highlights flooded areas from Sentinel-2 images by calculating some indicators such as the Land Surface Water Index (LSWI) and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). Comparisons between the floodplain samples (GPS point-based) and flood mapping results, with the ground-truth data, indicate that the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficients were 97.9% and 0.62 respectively for 2017; the values for 2019 were 95.7% and 0.77 for the same coefficients. Land use maps overlying the flood-affected maps show that approximately 11% of the agriculture land area was affected by floods in 2019 comparison to a 10% in 2017. Wet rice was the most affected crop with the flooded area accounting for more than 70% of the district under each flood event. The most affected communes are: Quang An, Quang Phuoc and Quang Thanh. This study provides valuable information for flood disaster planning, mitigation and recovery activities in Vietnam.
Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là lập bản đồ phân bố ngập lụt với hình ảnh vệ tinh Sentinel và đánh giá ảnh hưởng ngập lụt đến sử dụng đất nông nghiệp ở vùng đầm phá miền Trung, Việt Nam. Trong nghiên cứu này, ảnh viễn thám thu nhận giai đoạn 2017- 2019 được sử dụng để xây dựng bản đồ hiện trạng sử dụng đất tại thời điểm bị ngập nước trên địa bàn huyện Quảng Điền. Nghiên cứu đã xác định được vùng ngập lụt ở huyện Quảng Điền bằng phương pháp phân loại chỉ số mặt nước (Land Surface Water Index – LSWI) và chỉ số khác biệt thực vật (Enhanced Vegetation Index-EVI) từ ảnh Sentinel-2. Xác định vùng nước lũ bị che khuất bởi mây bằng mô hình số hóa độ cao (DEM). Kết quả phân loại vùng ngập lụt được so sánh với giá trị tham chiếu mặt đất cho thấy độ chính xác tổng thể và hệ số Kappa đạt được trong năm 2017 là 97,9% và 0,62; trong khi năm 2019 đạt 95,7% và 0.77. Bản đồ sử dụng đất chồng lên bản đồ lũ lụt cho thấy khoảng 11% diện tích đất nông nghiệp bị ảnh hưởng bởi lũ lụt năm 2019 so với 10% năm 2017. Cây lúa nước là cây trồng bị ảnh hưởng nặng nề nhất, với diện tích bị ngập lụt chiếm hơn 70% diện tích lúa của huyện. Các xã bị ngập lớn là xã Quảng An, Quảng Phước và Quảng Thành. Nghiên cứu này cung cấp thông tin có giá trị cho các hoạt động lập kế hoạch, giảm nhẹ và phục hồi thiên tai lũ lụt ở Việt Nam.
Blurring the Boundaries: Reflections From Early Career Faculty During the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Rodriguez Geovanna , Monteleone Rebecca , Munandar Vidya D. , Bumble Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The last three issues of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) have featured perspectives from a diverse set of contributors on how the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) is being impacted by COVID-19. As four newly appointed faculty members with diverse backgrounds, the editor of IDD invited us to share our experiences with beginning academic careers during this unique time. In making this request, he pointed out that approximately half the members of the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) are those who have some type of affiliation with an institution of higher education. While the perspectives outlined in this article do not represent those of all early career faculty, we hope our stories resonate with IDD readers who may be facing similar circumstances. This article includes a series of brief essays addressing how the pandemic has affected our academic job searches, research, teaching, and service. Although penned by different authors, each section encompasses our collective experiences, concerns, and hopes for the broader IDD community. We close with guiding questions that might support more socially responsive and integrated approaches to traditional academic roles as faculty continue to navigate the repercussions of COVID-19.
Probability of signal demodulation jump errors in the maximum-likelihood-estimation algorithm for a low SNR interference spectrum
Authors: Qi Yi , Zhang Peng , Chen Yuru , Lei Xiaohua , Feng Jianghua , Chen Weinin 
Published: February 2021

When the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an optical fiber sensor is lower than a specific value, jump errors will appear in the maximum-likelihood-estimation (MLE) algorithm. This research proposes a quantitative calculation method based on the MLE algorithm. This method can calculate the probability of jump errors by different SNRs. The SNR threshold can also be obtained in the MLE algorithm for the low-finesse interference spectrum. From the simulation, we find that when the SNR varies from 0 dB to 25 dB, the possibility of jump errors decreases exponentially. Subsequent experiments also verify the correctness of the simulation results.
Fabrication techniques and stability analysis of SMF-/MMF-based differently tapered optical fiber structures
Authors: Wang Zhi , Zhu Guo , Wang Yu , Li Muyang , Singh Ragini , Zhang Bingyuan , Kumar Santosh 
Published: February 2021

In this work, fabrication techniques and optimization of single-mode fiber (SMF)- and multi-mode fiber (MMF)-based differently tapered optical fiber (TOF) structures are discussed. Further, taper characteristics such as diameter, transmitted intensity, and repeatability are analyzed. The results show that 25 µm TOF consists of lower transmitted intensity, meaning higher evanescent waves materialize at the tapered surface, which helps in suitable potential application of TOF as an optical fiber sensor.
In-vivo sub-diffraction adaptive optics imaging of photoreceptors in the human eye with annular pupil illumination and sub-Airy detection
Authors: Lu Rongwen , Aguilera Nancy , Liu Tao , Liu Jianfei , Giannini John P. , Li Joanne , Bower Andrew J. , Dubra Alfredo , Tam Johnny 
Published: February 2021

Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) allows non-invasive visualization of the living human eye at the microscopic scale; but even with correction of the ocular wavefront aberrations over a large pupil, the smallest cells in the photoreceptor mosaic cannot always be resolved. Here, we synergistically combine annular pupil illumination with sub-Airy disk confocal detection to demonstrate a 33% improvement in transverse resolution (from 2.36 to 1.58 µm) and a 13% axial resolution enhancement (from 37 to 32 µm), an important step towards the study of the complete photoreceptor mosaic in heath and disease. Interestingly, annular pupil illumination also enhanced the visualization of the photoreceptor mosaic in non-confocal detection schemes such as split detection AOSLO, providing a strategy for enhanced multimodal imaging of the cone and rod photoreceptor mosaic.
80  GHz germanium waveguide photodiode enabled by parasitic parameter engineering
Authors: Shi Yang , Zhou De , Yu Yu , Zhang Xinliang 
Published: February 2021

A high-speed germanium (Ge) waveguide photodiode (PD) is one of the key components of an integrated silicon photonics platform for large-capacity data communication applications, but the parasitic parameters limit the increase of its bandwidth. Several studies have been reported to reduce parasitic parameters, at the cost of compromising other performances. Here, we propose and investigate a bandwidth-boosting technique by comprehensively engineering the parasitic parameters. Experimentally, a bandwidth up to 80 GHz is realized for vertical positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) Ge PDs without decreasing the responsivity and dark current, indicating that parasitic parameter engineering is a promising method to promote high-speed performance of Ge PDs.
Stimulated emission at 1.54  μm from erbium/oxygen-doped silicon-based light-emitting diodes
Authors: Hong Jin , Wen Huimin , He Jiajing , Liu Jingquan , Dan Yaping , Tomm Jens W. , Yue Fangyu , Chu Junhao , Duan Chungang 
Published: February 2021

Silicon-based light sources, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes (LDs) for information transmission, are urgently needed for developing monolithic integrated silicon photonics. Silicon with erbium ions (

Er

3
+

) doped by ion implantation is considered a promising approach, but it suffers from an extremely low quantum efficiency. Here we report an electrically pumped superlinear emission at 1.54 μm from Er/O-doped silicon planar LEDs, which are produced by applying a new deep cooling process. Stimulated emission at room temperature is realized with a low threshold current of

∼
6

mA

(

∼
0.8

A
/

cm

2

). Time-resolved photoluminescence and photocurrent results have revealed the complex carrier transfer dynamics by relaxing electrons from the Si conduction band to the

Er

3
+

ion. This picture differs from the frequently assumed energy transfer via electron–hole pair recombination of the silicon host. Moreover, the amplified emission from the LEDs is likely due to a quasi-continuous Er/O-related donor band created by the deep cooling technique. This work paves the way for fabricating superluminescent diodes or efficient LEDs at communication wavelengths based on rare-earth-doped silicon.
Developmental outcomes in children exposed to Zika virus in utero from a Brazilian urban slum cohort study
Authors: Aguilar Ticona Juan P. , Nery Nivison , Ladines-Lim Joseph B. , Gambrah Claudia , Sacramento Gielson , de Paula Freitas Bruno , Bouzon Joseane , Oliveira-Filho Jamary , Borja Ana , Adhikarla Haritha , Montoya Magelda , Chin Athena , Wunder Elsio A. , Ballalai Verena , Vieira Carina , Belfort Rubens , P. Almeida Antonio R. , Reis Mitermayer G. , Harris Eva , Ko Albert I. , Costa Federico 
Published: February 2021

Background
The prevalence of developmental alterations associated with in-utero Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure in children is not well understood. Furthermore, estimation of the Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of developmental alterations attributed to ZIKV has not been performed due to lack of population-based cohorts with data on symptomatic and asymptomatic ZIKV exposures and an appropriate control group. The aim of this study was to characterize neurodevelopmental outcomes of children at 11 to 32 months of age with intrauterine ZIKV exposure and estimate the PAF of alterations secondary to ZIKV exposure.

Methodology/Principal findings
We performed a cohort of biannual community-based prospective serosurveys in a slum community in Salvador, Brazil. We recruited women participating in our cohort, with a documented pregnancy from January 2015 to December 2016 and children born to those mothers. Children were classified as ZIKV exposed in utero (born from women with ZIKV seroconversion during pregnancy) or unexposed (born from women without ZIKV seroconversion or that seroconverted before/after pregnancy) by using an IgG monoclonal antibody blockade-of-binding (BoB). We interviewed mothers and performed anthropometric, audiometric, ophthalmological, neurologic, and neurodevelopmental evaluations of their children at 11 to 32 months of age. Among the 655 women participating in the cohort, 66 (10%) were pregnant during the study period. 46 (70%) of them completed follow-up, of whom ZIKV seroconversion occurred before, during, and after pregnancy in 25 (54%), 13 (28%), and 1 (2%), respectively. The rest of women, 7 (21.2%), did not present ZIKV seroconversion. At 11 to 32 months of life, the 13 ZIKV-exposed children had increased risk of mild cognitive delay (RR 5.1; 95%CI 1.1–24.4) compared with the 33 children unexposed, with a PAF of 53.5%. Exposed children also had increased risk of altered auditory behavior (RR 6.0; 95%CI 1.3–26.9), with a PAF of 59.5%.

Conclusions
A significant proportion of children exposed in utero to ZIKV developed mild cognitive delay and auditory behavioral abnormalities even in the absence of gross birth defects such as microcephaly and other neurodevelopmental domains. Furthermore, our findings suggest that over half of these abnormalities could be attributed to intrauterine ZIKV exposure.
Guideline adherence in the management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: An audit of selected medical records in three Australian states
Authors: Ellis Louise A. , Blakely Brette , Hazell Philip , Woolfenden Sue , Hiscock Harriet , Sarkozy Vanessa , Gould Bronwyn , Hibbert Peter D. , Arnolda Gaston , Ting Hsuen P. , Wiles Louise K. , Molloy Charlotte J. , Churruca Kate , Warwick Meagan , Braithwaite Jeffrey ,   on behalf of the CareTrack Kids Investigative Team
Published: February 2021

Objective
To assess General Practitioner (GP) and pediatrician adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for diagnosis, treatment and management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Method
Medical records for 306 children aged ≤15 years from 46 GP clinics and 20 pediatric practices in Australia were reviewed against 34 indicators derived from CPG recommendations. At indicator level, adherence was estimated as the percentage of indicators with ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ responses for adherence, which were scored ‘Yes’. This was done separately for GPs, pediatricians and overall; and weighted to adjust for sampling processes.

Results
Adherence with guidelines was high at 83.6% (95% CI: 77.7–88.5) with pediatricians (90.1%; 95% CI: 73.0–98.1) higher than GPs (68.3%; 95% CI: 46.0–85.8; p = 0.02). Appropriate assessment for children presenting with signs or symptoms of ADHD was undertaken with 95.2% adherence (95% CI: 76.6–99.9), however ongoing reviews for children with ADHD prescribed stimulant medication was markedly lower for both pediatricians (51.1%; 95% CI: 9.6–91.4) and GPs (18.7%; 95% CI: 4.1–45.5).

Conclusion
Adherence to CPGs for ADHD by pediatricians was generally high. Adherence by GPs was lower across most domains; timely recognition of medication side effects is a particular area for improvement.
Postpartum infection, pain and experiences with care among women treated for postpartum hemorrhage in three African countries: A cohort study of women managed with and without condom-catheter uterine balloon tamponade
Authors: Anger Holly A. , Durocher Jill , Dabash Rasha , Hassanein Nevine , Ononge Sam , Burkhardt Gillian , Frye Laura J. , Diop Ayisha , Beye Diop Seynabou Bop Moctar , Darwish Emad , Ramadan Mohamed Cherine , Kayaga Juliana , Charles Dyanna , Gaye Alioune , Eckardt Melody , Winikoff Beverly 
Published: February 2021

Objective
We aimed to determine the risk of postpartum infection and increased pain associated with use of condom-catheter uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) among women diagnosed with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in three low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We also sought women’s opinions on their overall experience of PPH care.

Methods
This prospective cohort study compared women diagnosed with PPH who received and did not receive UBT (UBT group and no-UBT group, respectively) at 18 secondary level hospitals in Uganda, Egypt, and Senegal that participated in a stepped wedge, cluster-randomized trial assessing UBT introduction. Key outcomes were reported pain (on a scale 0–10) in the immediate postpartum period and receipt of antibiotics within four weeks postpartum (a proxy for postpartum infection). Outcomes related to satisfaction with care and aspects women liked most and least about PPH care were also reported.

Results
Among women diagnosed with PPH, 58 were in the UBT group and 2188 in the no-UBT group. Self-reported, post-discharge antibiotic use within four weeks postpartum was similar in the UBT (3/58, 5.6%) and no-UBT groups (100/2188, 4.6%, risk ratio = 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45–3.35). A high postpartum pain score of 8–10 was more common among women in the UBT group (17/46, 37.0%) than in the no-UBT group (360/1805, 19.9%, relative risk ratio = 3.64, 95% CI:1.30–10.16). Most women were satisfied with their care (1935/2325, 83.2%). When asked what they liked least about care, the most common responses were that medications (580/1511, 38.4%) and medical supplies (503/1511, 33.3%) were unavailable.

Conclusion
UBT did not increase the risk of postpartum infection among this population. Women who receive UBT may experience higher degrees of pain compared to women who do not receive UBT. Women’s satisfaction with their care and stockouts of medications and other supplies deserve greater attention when introducing new technologies like UBT.