bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local Perception about Caesarian Section among Post Caesarian Section Women in Pakistan
Authors: Ikram Badshah  , Zakiya Rubab Mohsin  , Jan Alam  
Published: May 2021

Birthing is a critical moment in the life of a mother. The biomedical practice of the Caesarian Section (C-section) does not exist in a vacuum but is under the influence of the sociocultural environment. However, deciding between methods of birth and the perception about the C-section shows a gap and dearth in the present literature. This paper aims at understanding what social and cultural factors construct the perceptions and experiences of the Caesarian Section among post-C-section- women belonging to different socio-economic statuses. Moreover, it explores how these factors influence Pakistani women’s decision-making regarding childbirth methods. The paper uses a qualitative yet multi-sited locale approach, employing semi-structured interviews from 20 post-C-section women mainly from Islamabad and Rawalpindi region; 10 women belong to lower socio-economic status whereas, 10 to the upper one. Different themes from data were identified and obtained for analysis.
The perception and experience of the C-section fluctuate with social, economic, and cultural factors. The influence of biomedical and intra-household politics on the decision of C-section is much conspicuous and evident. Affluent families practice C-sections under dominant power dynamics without any reasoning. For those who can afford C-section, is perceived as a luxury and artificial motherhood in the eyes of ‘’the others’’ whereas, normal birthing was true and natural motherhood. The social construction of the C-section suggests that social and cultural forces play a decisive role. C-section is only acceptable if there is an emergency otherwise natural birth is the most suitable method of childbirth. Along with advocating C-sections in critical medical conditions, an awareness campaign against C-sections is also imperative for it has severe consequences.
Загострення соціальних ризиків в Україні в контексті пандемії COVID-19
Authors: Підлипна Р. П. 
Published: May 2021

Систематизовано передумови виникнення соціальних ризиків в Україні, охарактеризовано основні проблеми перерозподілу ресурсів. Показано, що недостатність нормативно-правового регулювання якості надання соціальних послуг ускладнює контроль за ефективністю видатків на соціальні заходи. Виявлено, що нестабільність економічної ситуації в Україні, підсилена впливом пандемії Covid-19, призвела до зростання ризиків смерті значної частини українських громадян, інвалідізації чи довготривалої втрати працездатності, значного зростання матеріальних затрат на лікування, зростання рівня безробіття (у т.ч. прихованого) та погіршення соціально-економічного забезпечення працівників. Проаналізовано загальну і структурну динаміку видатків Державного бюджету, відзначено зростання видатків на соціальний захист населення та охорону здоров'я. Показано, що аналогічна тенденція структурної динаміки витрат соціального спрямування зумовлена намаганням інституційної підтримки населення в умовах пандемії. Водночас, виявлено зміни в програмах соціального захисту населення, які свідчать про зменшення фінансування окремих соціальних програм та додаткову бюджетну підтримку Пенсійного фонду України. Критично проаналізовано доцільність витрат коштів Фонду боротьби з Сovid-19, виявлено понад 37 % нецільового спрямування коштів. З огляду на загрозливу динаміку третьої хвилі пандемії, що проявилась стрімким зростанням добової кількості інфікованих і померлих внаслідок захворювання Covid-19 та тенденцією до зменшення віку нових хворих, досліджено можливості і перспективи імунізації населення як основного інструменту боротьби із пандемією, доведено, що недостатність коштів можна було компенсувати шляхом ефективнішого спрямування витрат Фонду. Окреслено інші соціальні ризики, зокрема проаналізовано тенденції зростання безробіття в умовах карантинних обмежень.
Synthesis, antimicrobial activities and GAPDH docking of novel 1, 2, 3-triazole derivatives
Authors: Alkhaldi Abdulsalam A.M. , Abdelgawad Mohamed A. , Youssif Bahaa G.M. , El-Gendy Ahmed O. , De Koning Harry P. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To synthesize new triazole derivatives in order to overcome the problem of side effects of antimicrobial agents and microbial resistance, while broadening the spectrum of antimicrobial activity.
Methods: The starting triazole, compound 1, was prepared through click chemistry and reacted with chloroacetyl chloride to yield compound II. Triazole 1 was reacted with acids and aldehydes to produce oxadiazole (III) and azomethine (IV) which cyclized in acetic anhydride to give a new acetylated oxadiazole (V). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and resorufin assays were used for antibacterial and anti-parasitic screening, respectively. Compounds II and IVb were subjected to molecular docking studies using glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) program.
Results: Novel oxazole-triazole derivative (III) showed high activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and moderate activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, whereas compound IVc showed moderate activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Chloro-acetyl-triazole II and 2-hydroxyphenyl-triazole Schiff base (Ivb) showed pronounced activity against the kinetoplastid parasites, Leishmania major, Leishmania mexicana and Trypanosoma brucei.
Conclusion: The new synthesized triazoles represent a new antimicrobial scaffold and identifies potential new lead compounds for follow-up and for further mechanistic studies.
Sevoflurane and fentanyl exert protective effect on cognitive function in aged rats via regulation of inflammatory response in the brain
Authors: Zhao Xin , Li Peixiang 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effects of sevoflurane and fentanyl on cognitive function in aged rats, and to determine the mechanism of action.
Methods: A total of 160 adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of 40 rats each. With the exception of control, the rats were surgically operated on. Sevoflurane group received sevoflurane (2 %) via inhalation for 2 h/day for 7 days, while the fentanyl group received fentanyl (50 µg/kg body weight) for 1 h via their tail veins for 7 days. The cognitive function of the rats was evaluated by shuttle box and Morris water maze (MWM) tests, while interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were evaluated using ELISA kits.
Results: The learning and memory latencies of the rats were significantly prolonged in surgery, with prolongation greater in sevoflurane and fentanyl groups than in control group; however, the latencies were significantly shorter in sevoflurane and fentanyl groups than in surgery group (p < 0.05). The levels of VEGF, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher in the surgery, sevoflurane and fentanyl groups than in control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Sevoflurane and fentanyl improve cognitive function in aged rats via a mechanism involving the regulation of inflammatory response in the brain.
PARTILHA DE CUIDADO ENTRE FAMILIARES APÓS A HOSPITALIZAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Soares Fernandes Talitha Sonally , Da Cruz Amorim Rita , Cabral de Carvalho Rosely 
Published: May 2021

OBJETIVO: Conhecer os modos de partilhar o cuidado à criança entre familiares, no domicílio, após a alta hospitalar. METODOS: Estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, referenciada na Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano e na Inserção Ecológica. Participaram sete famílias que foram acompanhadas no Hospital e, após a alta, em seus domicílios. RESULTADOS: A transição hospital-casa e o seguimento do cuidado revelam potencialidades e fragilidades que transcendem a doença, com a presença de sentimentos ambivalentes, como alívio por deixar o hospital, mas, ao mesmo tempo, preocupação com recaídas e necessidade de reinternação. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Os modos de partilhar o cuidado às crianças, após a hospitalização, ocorrem de maneira singular às necessidades da criança e de cada família, a depender do contexto domiciliar, as pessoas envolvidas, suas histórias e rotinas estabelecidas no decorrer do tempo, bem como reflexões e interpretações do processo.
A FUNCIONALIDADE DAS SALAS DE ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO NAS ESCOLAS DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Souza Joniery Rubim de , Silva Maria Iris Mendes da 
Published: May 2021

A educação inclusiva é um assunto de ampla discussão atual que envolve aspectos políticos, culturais, sociais e pedagógicos. Tendo em vista os diversos debates acerca de todas as particularidades que compõe essa temática, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender o funcionamento dos espaços para atendimento educacional especializado nas escolas do ensino fundamental no município de Caxias-MA, no que se refere ao atendimento à demanda local, bem como saber se as práticas desenvolvidas nas Salas de Recursos Multifuncionais (SRM) atendem as necessidades educacionais especiais dos alunos e quais conhecimentos os professores possuem quanto ao trabalho que deve ser realizado nesses ambientes de educação inclusiva. A pesquisa se classifica como de natureza básica, com abordagem metodológica de caráter quanti-qualitativo e estudo de campo. Sua execução foi dividida em três etapas, obedecendo a seguinte ordem: levantamento de dados sobre as escolas que ofertam atendimento educacional especializado aos alunos matriculados, aplicação de questionários com os professores das SRM e profissionais de Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE), e posterior processamento de dados para obtenção de resultados que subsidiaram a pesquisa. Ao final deste estudo obteve-se um panorama do funcionamento das salas de AEE nas escolas de ensino fundamental da cidade de Caxias-MA.
Simulação computacional como ferramenta de validação da qualidade ambiental de projeto de homeoffice
Authors: De Aguair João Renato Carneiro , Batista Maria Do Desterro , Viegas Rejane Martins , Góes Thiago Montenegro , Fontes Talita Muniz , E Silva Caio Frederico 
Published: May 2021

O processo de reforma de uma habitação enfrenta o desafio de promover qualidade ambiental, garantindo conforto e salubridade aos usuários. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o uso da simulação computacional como ferramenta de validação de um projeto de reforma para prover melhores níveis de iluminação natural e ventilação natural de um escritório residencial (homeoffice), localizado na cidade de Brasília-DF. O método utilizado apoiou-se no projeto arquitetônico original do apartamento, onde foram avaliados comparativamente os níveis de lux e o fluxo de ventilação natural entre dois cenários: original (1) e projeto-reforma (2). Para isso, utilizou-se simulação computacional por meio do software Relux Pro para iluminação natural, CFD para análise de fluídos pelo software Ansys 2020. Os resultados das simulações obtidas mostram que a luz natural no cenário projeto-reforma é cerca de onze vezes maior quando comparado ao cenário original. Em relação a ventilação natural, é verificado que o fluxo de ventilação saiu de uma situação de calmaria (cenário 1) e atingiu velocidades próximas a 2,3 m/s (cenário 2). Conclui-se que o uso de simulações computacionais permite demonstrar a qualidade ambiental de projeto de reforma, e o projeto de reforma apresenta um homeoffice mais claro e mais ventilado.Palavras Chave: Qualidade do ar, Simulação computacional, análise de fluídos e iluminação natural, escritório.
Landscape approach to conservation of the Great Patriotic War heritage in Ugra national park
Authors: Novikov V. 
Published: May 2021

The Ugra National Park is experiencing a landscape museum formation, based on a system of memorial trails. They cover holistic military-historical, and events’ 91 landscape complexes, characterizing the most important objects and episodes of hostilities of 1941–1943: from Soviet bases and a field airfield on the Ugra River to the command post of the Western Front. On the basis of the well-preserved "war relief," archival documents, use of authentic materials, various fortifications are restored in the park and excursion routes are arranged.
Emergency department management of an occult renal laceration following a minor fall
Authors: Hubbard Kimberly A. , Varney Shawn M. 
Published: May 2021

We present a case of a pediatric patient with high grade renal injury following a minor fall, where clinical suspicion of occult injury resulted in diagnosis. Additionally, we review the management of high grade renal lacerations in children, including the role of ultrasound in managing these injuries.
Inkjet‐Printed Ternary Oxide Dielectric and Doped Interface Layer for Metal‐Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors with Low Voltage Operation
Authors: Gillan Liam , Li Shujie , Lahtinen Jouko , Chang Chih‐Hung , Alastalo Ari , Leppäniemi Jaakko 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAdditive solution process patterning, such as inkjet printing, is desirable for high‐throughput roll‐to‐roll and sheet fabrication environments of electronics manufacturing because it can help to reduce cost by conserving active materials and circumventing multistep processing. This paper reports inkjet printing of YxAl2−xO3 gate dielectric, In2O3 semiconductor, and a polyethyleneimine‐doped In2O3 interfacial charge injection layer to achieve a thin‐film transistor (TFT) mobility (μsat) of ≈1 cm2 V−1 s−1 at a low 3 V operating voltage. When the dielectric material is annealed at 350 °C, plasma treatment induces low‐frequency capacitance instability, leading to overestimation of mobility. On the contrary, films annealed at 500 °C show stable capacitance from 1 MHz down to 0.1 Hz. This result highlights the importance of low‐frequency capacitance characterization of solution‐processed dielectrics, especially if plasma treatment is applied before subsequent processing steps. This study progresses metal‐oxide TFT fabrication toward fully inkjet‐printed thin‐film electronics.
Identification of prognostic and bone metastasis​‐related alternative splicing signatures in mesothelioma
Authors: Huang Runzhi , Zheng Zixuan , Liu Sijia , Yan Penghui , Song Dianwen , Yin Huabin , Hu Peng , Zhu Xiaolong , Chang Zhengyan , Liu Yihan , Zhuang Juanwei , Meng Tong , Huang Zongqiang , Zhang Jie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMesothelioma (MESO) is an infrequent tumor derived from mesothelial cells of pleura, peritoneum, pericardium, and tunica vaginalis testis. Despite advancement in technologies and better understanding of tumor progression mechanism, the prognosis of MESO remains poor. The role of alternative splicing events (ASEs) in the oncogenesis, tumor metastasis and drug resistance has been widely discussed in multiple cancers. But the prognosis and potential therapeutic value of ASEs in MESO were not clearly studied by now. We constructed a prognostic model using RNA sequencing data and matched ASE data of MESO patients obtained from the TCGA and TCGASpliceSeq database. A total of 3,993 ASEs were identified associated with overall survival using Cox regression analysis. Eight of them were finally figured out to institute the model by lasso regression analysis. The risk score of the model can predict the prognosis independently. Among the identified 390 splicing factors (SF), HSPA1A and DDX3Y was significantly associated with 43 OS‐SEs. Among these OS‐SEs, SNX5‐58744‐AT (p = 0.048) and SNX5‐58745‐AT (p = 0.048) were significantly associated with bone metastasis. Co‐expression analysis of signal pathways and SNX5‐58744‐AT, SNX5‐58745‐AT was also depicted using GSVA. Finally, we proposed that splicing factor (SF) HSPA1A could regulate SNX5‐58744‐AT (R = −0.414) and SNX5‐58745‐AT (R = 0.414) through the pathway “Class I MHC mediated antigen processing and presentation” (R = 0.400). In this way, tumorigenesis and bone metastasis of MESO were controlled.
Unbalanced 2D Chiral Crystallization of Pentahelicene Propellers and Their Planarization into Nanographenes
Authors: Voigt Jan , Roy Myriam , Baljozović Miloš , Wäckerlin Christian , Coquerel Yoann , Gingras Marc , Ernst Karl‐Heinz 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe chiral self‐assembly of trispentahelicene propellers on a gold surface has been investigated in ultrahigh vacuum by means of scanning tunneling microscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The trispentahelicene propellers aggregate into mirror domains with an enantiomeric ratio of 2 : 1. Thermally induced cyclodehydrogenation leads to planarization into nanographenes, which self‐assemble into closed‐packed layers with two different azimuths. Further treatment induces in part dimerization and trimerization by intermolecular cyclodehydrogenation.
Electrochemical Evaluation of Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Rathod Suman , Prakash Yadav Satya , Chakraborty Arunavo , Shukla Ashok K. , Aetukuri Nagaphani , Patil Satish 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRedox flow batteries (RFBs) employing nonaqueous electrolytes could potentially operate at much higher cell voltages, and therefore afford higher energy and power densities, than RFBs employing aqueous electrolytes. The development of such high‐voltage nonaqueous RFBs requires anolytes that are electrochemically stable, especially in the presence of traces of oxygen and/or moisture. The inherent atmospheric reactivity of anolytes mandates judicious molecular design with high electron affinity and electrochemical stability. In this study, diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)‐based TDPP‐Hex‐CN4 is proposed as a stable redox‐active molecule for anolytes in nonaqueous organic RFBs. We demonstrate organic RFBs using TDPP‐Hex‐CN4 as anolyte with unisol blue (UB) 1,4‐bis(isopropylamino)anthraquinone and 1,4‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,5‐bis(2‐methoxyethoxy)benzene (DBBB) as catholytes. Cyclic voltammetry measurements with scans repeated over 200 cycles were performed to establish the electrochemical stability of the redox pairs. Symmetric flow‐cell studies show that TDPP‐Hex‐CN4 exhibits stable capacity up to 700 cycles. Redox flow cells employing TDPP‐Hex‐CN4 /UB and TDPP‐Hex‐CN4/DBBB as redox pairs demonstrate that DPP derivatives are propitious materials for anolytes in all organic nonaqueous RFBs.
The important role of routine cytopathology in pediatric precision oncology
Authors: Xie Jinhan , Kumar Amit , Dolman M. Emmy M. , Mayoh Chelsea , Khuong‐Quang Dong‐Anh , Cadiz Roxanne , Wong‐Erasmus Marie , Mould Emily V. A. , Grebert‐Wade Dylan , Barahona Paulette , Kamili Alvin , Tsoli Maria , Failes Timothy W. , Chow Shu‐Oi , Arndt Greg M. , Bhatia Kanika , Marshall Glenn M. , Ziegler David S. , Haber Michelle , Lock Richard B. , Tyrrell Vanessa , Lau Loretta , Athanasatos Penny , Gifford Andrew J. 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundThe development of high‐throughput drug screening (HTS) using primary cultures provides a promising, clinically translatable approach to tailoring treatment strategies for patients with cancer. However, this has been challenging for solid tumors because of often limited amounts of tissue available. In most cases, in vitro expansion is required before HTS, which may lead to overgrowth and contamination by non‐neoplastic cells.MethodsIn this study, hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed on 129 cytopathology cases from 95 patients. These cytopathology cases comprised cell block preparations derived from primary tumor specimens or patient‐derived xenografts as part of a pediatric precision oncology trial. Cytopathology cases were compared with the morphology and immunohistochemical staining profile of the original tumor. Cases were reported as tumor cells present, equivocal, or tumor cells absent. The HTS results from cytopathologically validated cultures were incorporated into a multidisciplinary tumor board report issued to the treating clinician to guide clinical decision making.ResultsOn cytopathologic examination, tumor cells were present in 77 of 129 cases (60%) and were absent in 38 of 129 cases (29%), whereas 14 of 129 cases (11%) were equivocal. Cultures that contained tumor cells resembled the tumors from which they were derived.ConclusionsCytopathologic examination of tumor cell block preparations is feasible and provides detailed morphologic characterization. Cytopathologic examination is essential for ensuring that samples submitted for HTS contain representative tumor cells and that in vitro drug sensitivity data are clinically translatable.
Octahedral Hexachloro Environment of Dy3+ with Slow Magnetic Relaxation and Luminescent Properties
Authors: Benamara Nesrine , Diop Mayoro , Leuvrey Cédric , Lenertz Marc , Gilliot Pierre , Gallart Mathieu , Bolvin Hélène , Setifi Fatima , Rogez Guillaume , Rabu Pierre , Delahaye Emilie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe compound [BiCNIm]3[DyCl6] was synthesized from a nitrile‐functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid [BiCNIm][Cl] and DyCl3 ⋅ 6H2O in acetonitrile using solvothermal conditions. Structural characterization reveals that the Dy3+ ions are in a quasi‐regular octahedral environment, formed by six chloride anions. The magnetic study indicates that this mononuclear compound exhibits a Single Ion Magnet behaviour. This behaviour is compared to that of other mononuclear compounds containing Dy3+ ions in various octahedral environment.
XeF2 Coordination to La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy and Y in Rare‐Earth Metal(III) Tetrafluoridoborates
Authors: Mazej Zoran , Goreshnik Evgeny 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRemoval of volatiles at 243 K from solutions of completely dissolved LnF3 (Ln=La–Dy and Y) and XeF2 (molar ratio 1 : 3) in anhydrous HF acidified with an excess of BF3 resulted in [Ln(XeF2)3](BF4)3 salts. Isolated solids are stable at 298 K and give similar Raman spectra. [La(XeF2)3](BF4)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m at 150 K. Each La atom is coordinated with three XeF2 ligands. Six F atoms provided by six bridging BF4 units, that connect the neighboring La3+ atoms into columns, complete the nine‐fold coordination of each La atom. Chemical reactions carried out in the same way but with molar ratio LnF3 : XeF2=1 : 1 yielded [Ln(XeF2)](BF4)3 salts (La ‐ Nd). Crystal structures of La and Nd salts are isotypic and crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/m at 150 K (La) and 200 K (Nd). Each Ln center is coordinated by nine fluorine atoms provided by eight BF4 units and one XeF2 ligand. The BF4 groups interconnect the Ln atoms into two‐dimensional layers. With molar ratio LnF3 : XeF2=1 : 2 and the same synthetic approach, only La yielded [La(XeF2)2](BF4)3 salt. Prolonged pumping of [Ln(XeF2)n](BF4)3 (n=3, 2, 1) at 298 K or attempts of the isolation at 298 K resulted in products with lower content of XeF2 or in mixtures of various products. In addition to [Ln(XeF2)](BF4)3 and LnF3/BF3 products, the [Ln(XeF2)]F(BF4)2 salts (Ln=La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy and Y) also formed. The crystal structures of LaF(HF)(BF4)2 and LaF(BF4)2 side products were determined.
1,3‐Diazepine Derivatives: Strategies for Synthesis
Authors: Malki Yohan , Maillard Ludovic T. , Masurier Nicolas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe present review describes the methodologies reported for the synthesis of 1,3‐diazepine derivatives. This heterocyclic moiety forms the core structure of many compounds with potent biological activities. Synthetic strategies by ring closure or ring transformation are discussed.