bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Maximal Exercise on Matrix Metalloproteinase, its Inhibitor (MMP9 and TIMP1), and the Role of MMP9 -1562 C/T and TIMP1 372 T/C Polymorphisms
Authors: Kosova Merve Koca , Turgay Faruk , Yigittürk Oya , Aşıkovalı Semih , Kosova Sercin , Canüzmez Aykut Eren , Durmaz Burak 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To investigate the levels of MMP9 and TIMP1 before and after acute maximal exercise and the role of MMP9 -1562 C/T and TIMP1 372 T/C polymorphisms in athletes and sedentary individuals. The athlete group (n = 43) and sedentary group (n = 43) performed the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1. A blood sample was taken before and after the test. MMP9, TIMP1, MMP9/TIMP1 ratio, blood lipids, and lipoproteins (total cholesterol, high and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and indicators of muscle damage (creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase) were determined from postprandial venous blood samples. Genetic polymorphisms were determined from DNA samples obtained from peripheral blood. MMP9 levels were found higher in both groups after the YOYO IR-1 test (exercise) (sedentary group, pre-exercise: 1771.15 ± 862.17 pg/mL, post-exercise: 2172.18 ± 680.93 pg/mL; athletic group, pre-exercise: 1373.57 ± 705.16 pg/mL, post-exercise: 1723.72 ± 733.88 pg/mL, p < 0.05). TIMP1 levels were also found higher in both groups after exercise (sedentary group, pre-exercise: 4.63 ± 3.99 ng/mL, post-exercise: 5.3 ± 3.51 ng/mL; athletic group, pre-exercise: 3.26 ± 2.34 ng/mL, post-exercise: 3.59 ± 1.99 ng/mL, p < 0.05). Basal serum MMP9 levels were significantly higher in sedentary individuals as compared with athletes (p = 0.046). MMP9 -1562 C/T and TIMP1 372 T/C polymorphisms had no effect on MMP9 and TIMP1 levels (p > 0.05). As a conclusion acute exercise increases MMP9 and TIMP1 levels in male athletes and sedentary individuals. Chronic anaerobic exercises performed by the athletic group may caused lower MMP9 levels. MMP9 -1562 C/T and TIMP1 372 T/C genetic polymorphisms are not associated with MMP9 and TIMP1 activation.
Electrochemical feedback on strain dynamics in noble metal nanocatalysts
Authors: Chattot Raphael , Martens Isaac , Mirolo Marta , Ronovsky Michal , Russello Florian , Isern Helena , Braesch Guillaume , Hornberger Elisabeth , Strasser Peter , Sibert Eric , Chatenet Marian , Honkimaki Veijo , Drnec Jakub 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The theoretical design of effective metal electrocatalysts for energy conversion and storage devices relies on the structure sensitivity of electrochemical processes to their catalyst materials, assuming the structural integrity during operation. However, theoretical predictions do not necessarily match practical performance. Here, by using high-energy X-ray diffraction from the new Extremely Brilliant Source of the European Radiation Synchrotron Facility (ESRF-EBS) on device-relevant Pd and Pt nanocatalysts during cyclic voltammetry experiments in liquid electrolyte, we quantitatively reveal how different electrochemical processes permanently affect the bulk microstructure of nanocatalysts in a distinctive fashion. The reported structural insights provide experimental access to reactivity descriptors such as adsorption and absorption trends operando. The ease and power of such an experimental approach at new and future beamlines is foreseen to guide computational model description of practical nanomaterials in electrochemical environment while providing a discovery platform toward the study of nanocatalysts encompassing a large variety of applications.
Overexpression of GSTP1 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis by up-regulating STAT3
Authors: Wang Feifei , Zhang Ceng , Zhu Xiaohui , Zhang Dan , Zhang Zhaowen , Ni Shunjie , Wang Zhizhi , Xu Shuyi , Lan Xiaoliang , Ding Yanqing , Liang Li 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Abnormal expression of glutathione S-transferase Pi 1 (GSTP1) is associated with the progression of several tumor types. However, its role and molecular mechanism in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) is largely unknown. In the present study, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative-reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of GSTP1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in CRC tissues. Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of GSTP1 and proteins of Janus kinase (JAK)-STAT3 pathway. The interaction and co-localization of GSTP1 and STAT3 were detected by co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) and immunofluorescence, respectively. A positive correlation was identified between the expression of GSTP1 and STAT3 in human CRC tissues. Overexpression of GSTP1 promoted the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of CRC cells by upregulating STAT3. GSTP1 and STAT3 can directly bind to and regulate each other, and can be regulated by the upstream gene which was called F-box only protein 8 (FBX8). The present study demonstrated that GSTP1 could enhance the expression of STAT3 to promote the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of CRC cells, which provides a potential therapeutic target for clinical treatment of CRC.
Implementing an Automated Monitoring Process in a Digital, Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Lindner Lisa , Weiß Anja , Reich Andreas , Kindler Siegfried , Behrens Frank , Braun Jürgen , Listing Joachim , Schett Georg , Sieper Joachim , Strangfeld Anja , Regierer Anne C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Clinical data collection requires, correct and complete data sets in order not to perform wrong statistical analysis and avoid false conclusions. While in randomized clinical trials much effort concentrates on data monitoring, this is rarely the case in observational studies- due to high numbers of cases and often restricted resources. We have developed a valid and cost-effective monitoring tool, which can substantially contribute to an increased data quality in observational research.
Methods
An automated digital monitoring system for cohort studies developed by the German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) was tested within the disease register RABBIT-SpA, a longitudinal observational study including patients with axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Physicians and patients complete electronic case report forms (eCRF) twice a year for up to ten years. Automatic plausibility checks were implemented to verify all data after entry into the eCRF. To identify conflicts that cannot be found by this approach, all possible conflicts were compiled into a catalog. This ‘conflict catalog’ was used to create queries, which are displayed as part of the eCRF. The proportion of queried eCRFs and responses were analyzed by descriptive methods. For the analysis of responses, the type of conflict was assigned to either a single conflict only (affecting individual items) or a conflict that required the entire eCRF to be queried.
Results
Data from 1883 patients was analyzed. A total of n = 3145 eCRFs submitted between baseline (T0) and T3 (12 months) had conflicts (40–64%). 56–100% of the queries regarding eCRFs that were completely missing were answered. A mean of 1.4 to 2.4 single conflicts occurred per eCRF, of which 59–69% were answered. The most common missing values were CRP, ESR, Schober’s test, data on systemic glucocorticoid therapy and presence of enthesitis.
Conclusion
Providing high data quality in large observational cohort studies is a major challenge, which requires careful monitoring. An automated monitoring process was successfully implemented and well accepted by the study centers. Two-thirds of the queries were answered with new data. While conventional manual monitoring is resource-intensive and may itself create new sources of errors, automated processes are a convenient way to augment data quality.
Somatic Proximity of the Axon Initial Segment Predicts Motoneuron Excitability
Authors: Rotterman Travis M , Carrasco Dario , Housley Nick , Nardelli Paul , Powers Randy K , Cope Timothy C 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As the neuronal site where voltage gated channel density is highest, the axon initial segment (AIS) plays a key role in establishing a neuron’s action potential threshold, i.e. excitability. Among the properties of AIS that gain attention are length (AISl) and distance from the soma (AISd), which are variously found to change together with neuronal excitability following experimentally-induced perturbations in neural activity. The present study was designed to test the possibility that variation in AIS structural parameters regulates the native range in intrinsic excitability for one class of mature neurons. Spinal motoneurons were selected for their naturally large range in excitability and for their experimental accessibility to in vivo study. We began by determining whether AIS length or distance differed for motoneurons in motor pools that exhibit different activity profiles. Motoneurons sampled from the medial gastrocnemius (MG) motor pool exhibited values for average AISd that were significantly more than for motoneurons from the soleus (SOL) motor pool, which is more readily activated in low-level movements. Next, we tested whether AISd covaried with intrinsic excitability of individual motoneurons. Using anesthetized rats, we measured rheobase current intracellularly from MG motoneurons before labeling them for later immunohistochemical study of AIS. This combinatory approach revealed a significant correlation between AISd and rheobase, for 16 motoneurons sampled within the MG motor pool. Among multiple electrophysiological and morphological parameters measured here, AISd stood out as the dominant predictor of motoneuron excitability. These findings suggest an important role for AISd in setting the intrinsic excitability of spinal motoneurons.
Implication of Retrobulbar and Internal Carotid Artery Blood-Flow-Volume Alterations for the Pathogenesis of Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Fu Zhiyong , Li Hongyang , Wang Yanling 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To analyze blood flow volume alteration that involved both retrobulbar artery and internal carotid artery (ICA) in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and to assess their relevance for the pathogenesis of NAION. Methods: Forty two patients with NAION (unilateral affected) and 42 age-matched controls participated in this study. By head-and-neck computed tomographic angiography (CTA), the diameter of ICA and ophthalmic artery (OA) were measured. By colour Doppler imaging (CDI), the mean blood flow velocity (Vm) and the blood flow volume of ICA and OA were measured or calculated. By optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), peripapillary and optic disc vessel density were measured. Data obtained from the affected side of the patients were compared to those of the contralateral healthy side and the control. Results: Compared with the controls and the contralateral healthy side of the patients with NAION, the diameter of ICA, the blood flow volume of ICA and OA, the peripapillary and optic disc vessel density in the affected side decreased significantly (p<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in the diameter of OA (p=0.179, 0.054 respectively), the Vm of OA (p=0.052, 0.083 respectively), or the Vm of ICA (p=0.364, 0.938 respectively) between groups. Peripapillary and optic disc vessel density were significantly positive correlated with the blood flow volume in ipsilateral ICA and OA in patients with NAION (all p<0.01). Conclusions: The reduction of blood flow volume was more prominent in OA and ICA than decrease of Vm, peripapillary and optic disc vessel density were significantly positive correlated with the blood flow volume of ipsilateral ICA and OA in patients with NAION. This finding may imply a predominant affection of retrobulbar artery and ICA blood flow volume alterations in the pathogenesis of NAION.
Total-body 18F-FDG PET Scan in Oncological Patients: How Fast could it be?
Authors: Hu Pengcheng , Zhang Yiqiu , Yu Haojun , Chen Shuguang , Tan Hui , Qi Chi , Dong Yun , Wang Ying , Deng Zilin , Shi Hongcheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore a fast PET scan protocol of the total-body uEXPLORER scanner by assessing the image quality consistent to that of a conventional digital PET/CT scanner both from the phantom and clinical perspectives.Methods: The phantom study using a NEMA/IEC NU-2 body phantom was performed both on a total-body PET/CT (uEXPLORER) and a digital routine PET/CT (uMI 780), with hot sphere to background activity concentration ratio of 4:1. The contrast recovery coefficient (CRC), background variability (BV), recovery coefficient RCmax and RCmean were assessed and compared between that in uEXPLORER with the different scanning duration and reconstruction protocols and that in uMI 780 with clinical settings. The coefficient of variation (COV) of the uMI 780 with clinical settings were calculated and used as a threshold to determine the optimized scanning duration and reconstruction protocols were, which can provide a consistent image quality for the two scanners. And subsequently, the proposed protocol was validated by 30 oncological patients. Images acquired in uMI 780 with a 2-3 minute for each bed position were referred as G780. All PET raw data were reconstructed using data-cutting technique to simulate a 30s, 45s or 60s acquisition duration on uEXPLORER. The iterations were 2 and 3 for uEXPLORER, referred as G30s_3i, G45s_2i, G45s_3i, G60s_2i, and G60s_3i. A 5-point Likert scale was used in the qualitative analysis to assess the image quality. The image quality was also compared with the liver COV, the lesion target-to-background ratio (TBR), and the lesion signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).Results: In the phantom study, CRC, BV, RCmax and RCmean in uEXPLORER with different scanning duration and reconstruction iterations were compared with that in uMI 780 with clinical settings and a minor fluctuation was found among different scanning durations. COV of the uMI 780 with clinical settings was 11.6% and determined protocol with a 30-45s scanning duration and 2 or 3 iterations to provide a similar image quality.In the quantitative analysis on the clinical images, there was no significant difference between G780 and G45s_3i. All the other groups in uEXPLORER with a 45s- and above acquisition showed a significantly improved image quality than that in uMI 780 with clinical settings. Comparing the liver COV, there was no significantly difference between G780 and G30s_3i. And no significant difference in lesion TBR was identified between G780 and G45s_2i, while uEXPLORER had a better performance in lesion SNR compared to that in uMI 780 with clinical settings. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a fast PET protocol with a 30-45s acquisition in uEXPLORER with consistent image quality to that in uMI 780 with clinical settings.
A Nutraceutical Combination of Cinnamon, Purple Onion, and Tea Linked with Key Enzymes on Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Weng Lebin , Chen Ting-Hsu , Huang Liyue , Lai Dong , Fu Yaw-Syan , Weng Ching-Feng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is concomitant with significant morbidity and mortality and its prevalence is accumulative worldwide. The conventional antidiabetic agents are known to mitigate the symptoms of diabetes; however, they may also cause adverse effects. This study explores the efficacy of polyherbal dietary supplement cinnamon, purple onion, and tea on the mediation of postprandial hyperglycemia for in the search of combinations with a maximal response. Materials and methods: A starch solution (3 g/kg Bwt) of oral starch tolerance test (OSTT) and glucose solution (4 g/kg Bwt) of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with and without cinnamon, purple onion, tea extract (15 mg/kg Bwt), and mixture (each 5 mg/kg Bwt, 1:1:1), metformin (14 mg/kg Bwt), or acarbose (50 mg/kg Bwt) was administered to high fat plus high fructose-induced diabetic mice after an overnight fast. Postprandial plasma glucose levels were measured and incremental areas under the response curve were calculated. Results: Compared with acarbose, the mixture of extracts (purple onion, cinnamon, and tea) indicated decreasing blood glucose in OSTT. In OGTT, the mixture of extracts showed greater efficacy for hypoglycemia when compared with metformin. The molecular docking of α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, and AMPK confirmed the putatively acting molecules from the extracts of purple onion, cinnamon, and tea. Conclusions: Overall, this investigation evidenced a beneficial mediation for the progression of lowering blood glucose with a combinatory extract of cinnamon, dietary onion, and tea, implicating their prospective as nutraceuticals that might ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetes.
Electrochemical behavior of A356 Al alloy and its vortex and squeeze composites containing ZrO2 in 3.5 % NaCl solution
Authors: Mogoda Awad Sadek , Zohdy Khaled M , Aboutabl Mohamed Ali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Corrosion of A356 Al alloy and its composites reinforced by ZrO2 and prepared by vortex and squeeze casting was studied in 3.5 % NaCl solution using poteniodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The results of polarization and EIS indicated that the corrosion resistance of the vortex cast composites increases with the increasing in the vol. % of ZrO2 up to 20 % then decreases again at 30 % in the chloride solution. Also, the corrosion resistance of the squeeze cast composites increases as the squeeze pressure increases due to decreasing the porosity within these composites. Additional, the SEM micrographs well-showed that the defects and notches which appeared on the surface of the mechanically polished vortex cast composite were diminished due to growth of a protective passive film on the composite in the chloride solution. Also, the squeeze cast composite is covered by a thick passive film and less exposure to corrosion in comparing with surface of the vortex cast composite. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) spectra found out the presence of a passive aluminium oxide layer on the A356 Al alloy/ZrO2 composites.
The Complete Chloroplast Genome of Secale Sylvestre (Poaceae: Triticeae)
Authors: Skuza Lidia , Gastineau Romain , Sielska Anna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveSecale sylvestre is a wild species of rye, morphologically distinct from domestic species. To draw comparisons between species based on molecular features, it is important to have high quality sequences, especially in the case of organellar genomes. For such reason, the complete chloroplast genome of Secale sylvestre Host introd. no. 6047 will provide useful data for ecological, agricultural and phylogenetic purposes.ResultsHere we present the complete, annotated chloroplast genome sequence of Secale sylvestre Host introd. no. 6047. The genome is 137116 bp long. The genome can be accessed on GenBank with the accession number (MW557517).
The Complete Genome Sequence of Listeria Monocytogenes Strain S2542 and Expression of Selected Genes Under High-Pressure Processing
Authors: Duru Ilhan Cem , Bucur Florentina Ionela , Andreevskaya Margarita , Ylinen Anne , Crauwels Peter , Grigore-Gurgu Leontina , Nikparvar Bahareh , Rode Tone Mari , Laine Pia , Paulin Lars , Løvdal Trond , Riedel Christian U. , Bar Nadav , Borda Daniela , Nicolau Anca Ioana , Auvinen Petri 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesThe study aims to generate the whole genome sequence of L. monocytogenes strain S2542 and to compare it to the genomes of strains RO15 and ScottA. In addition, we aimed to compare gene expression profiles of L. monocytogenes strains S2542, ScottA and RO15 after high-pressure processing (HPP) using ddPCR.Results﻿The whole genome sequence of L. monocytogenes S2542 indicates that this strain belongs to serotype 4b, in contrast to the previously reported serotype 1/2a. Strain S2542 appears to be more susceptible to the treatment at 400 MPa compared to RO15 and ScottA strains. In contrast to RO15 and ScottA strains, viable cell counts of strain S2542 were below the limit of detection after HPP (400 MPa/8 min) when stored at 8 °C for 24 and 48 h. The transcriptional response of all three strains to HPP was not significantly different.
Springback Prediction of 7075 Aluminum Alloy V-shaped Parts in Cold and Hot Stamping
Authors: Zhou Jing , Yang Xiaoming , Wang Baoyu , Xiao Wenchao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the springback behavior of high strength aluminum alloy 7075 is studied by experiments and finite element (FE) simulation. Firstly, an analytical model is established to predict the springback angles and analyze the springback trend. The springback experimental tests are conducted by using the V-shaped stamping dies. The influence of deformation temperature, punch radius and blank holder force on the springback angles are studied. Finally, An FE simulation model is performed to investigate the deformation characteristics and springback process of the aluminum alloy sheet. The results show that the change of springback angles is direct proportional to the punch radius. The springback angles increase with the decreasing deformation temperature and the increasing blank holder force. The stress relaxation that occurs during the die holding stage is the primary reason of reducing the springback compared with cold stamping. Low blank holder force will cause side wall curl, which results in the deviation of forming size. The FE simulation model considering stress relaxation is capable of precisely predicting the change of springback angles, and the simulation results exhibit good consistency with the experimental results.
Multi-Bifurcation Cascaded Bursting Oscillations and Mechanism in a Novel 3D Non-autonomous Circuit System with Parametric and External Excitation
Authors: wang mengjiao , Li Jianhui , Zhang Xinan , Iu Herbert Ho-Ching , Fernando Tyrone , Li Zhijun , Zeng Yicheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, multi-timescale dynamics and the formation mechanism of a 3D non-autonomous system with two slowly varying periodic excitations are systematically investigated. Interestingly, the system shows novel multibifurcation cascaded bursting oscillations (MBCBOs) when the frequency of the two excitations is much lower than the mean frequency of the original system (MFOS). For instance, periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic bursting oscillations induced by a variety of cascaded bifurcations are first observed, and the phenomenon of spiking transfer is also revealed. Besides, stability and local bifurcations of the system are comprehensively investigated to analyze the mechanism of the observed MBCBOs, in which bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponents, time series, phase portraits, and transformed phase diagrams are used. Finally, through a circuit simulation and hardware experiment, these complex dynamics phenomena are verified physically.