bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐scale audio super resolution via deep pyramid wavelet convolutional neural network
Authors: Si Binqiang , Luo Dongqi , Zhu Jihong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this letter, a pyramid wavelet convolutional neural network for audio super resolution is presented. Since the audio signal is non‐stationary, previous convolutional neural network based approaches may fail in capturing the details, these method usually focus on the global approximation error and thus produce over smooth results. To cope with this issue, it is suggested to predict the wavelet coefficients of the audio signal, and reconstruct the signal from these coefficients stage by stage rather. The prediction errors of the wavelet coefficients are included to the loss function to force the model to capture the detail components. Experimental results show that the approach, training on the VCTK public dataset, achieves more appealing results than state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Adaptive fault recovery strategy of LCC‐MMC based hybrid HVDC
Authors: Sayed Tassawar Hussain Kazmi , Song Guobing , Wang Ting , Hou Junjie , Masood Bilal 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHybrid HVDC consisting of line commutated converter (LCC) on rectifier side and modular multilevel converter (MMC) on inverter side is the favourable future trend of HVDC projects utilising the advantages of both converter technologies. However, fault clearing and adaptive restart capabilities of such hybrid HVDC are not much investigated in the literature. In this paper fault clearing of hybrid HVDC transmission line is investigated using mechanical DC breaker at MMC terminal and forced firing angle retardation at LCC terminal. Then, the characteristics of the line voltages are analysed during the fault blocking states of converters to clear the transient fault. Characteristics of the line voltages of LLC rectifier have shown prominent difference under permanent and temporary fault states, and also dependent on the severity of fault. Therefore, based on line voltage characteristics, a restart strategy is proposed for hybrid HVDC which is adaptive to the fault characteristics. Several PSCAD/EMTDC based simulation studies are conducted to validate the proposed fault recovery strategy. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for hybrid HVDC under DC line faults.
A discrete optimal control model for the distributed energy system considering multiple disturbance inputs
Authors: Huang Dawen , Zhou Dengji , Hao Jiarui , Jia Xingyun , Huang Di , Zhang Chenyu , Li Taotao , Yan Siyun , Wang Chen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDistributed energy systems with the characteristics of flexible scheduling, high reliability, and high efficiency have been widely studied because it can absorb abundant renewable energy and solve long‐distance energy transmission loss. Wind power, photovoltaic power, and user load power have obvious intermittently and volatility, which brings difficulties to the dispatching and control of distributed energy systems. This work focuses on the optimal control problem of a distributed energy system considering multiple disturbance inputs. A discrete system model suitable for developing optimal control is established and solved by minimizing performance function in the process of iterating disturbance inputs and its function vector. Based on the optimal control results, a method for stabilizing the output power is designed to consider operating cost and loss. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by different disturbance inputs and compared with the classical optimization algorithm. The results indicate that the optimal control model can effectively suppress disturbance influences and obtain a fast and satisfactory control effect. The output stabilization method can save operating costs and reduce equipment loss. Compared with the optimization algorithm, the proposed method is more stable and reliable. This work provides a new insight into multi‐disturbance suppression of the distributed energy systems.
Hydrogen abundance estimation model and application to (162173) Ryugu
Authors: Praet A. , Barucci M. A. , Hasselmann P. H. , Kitazato K. , Iwata T. , Matsuoka M. , Domingue D. , Clark B. E. 
Published: April 2021

Context.The JAXA asteroid sample return mission Hayabusa2 acquired a huge quantity of data from the asteroid (162173) Ryugu during its 1.5 years in asteroid proximity orbit. On December 5, 2020 (Japan time), Hayabusa brought back to Earth a 5.4 g sample from Ryugu’s surface.Aims.We analyzed the near-infrared spectra of Ryugu, in particular the band at 2.72 μm, with the aim to investigate the hydrogen content of the H2O and OH−groups in hydrated phyllosilicates on Ryugu’s surface.Aims.We applied two different methods, normalized optical path length (NOPL) and effective single-particle absorption thickness (ESPAT), to the 3 μm region absorption band, and we compared the obtained spectral parameters with those obtained from carbonaceous chondrite meteorites whose H content was determined in the laboratory.Methods.We derived an exponential correlation between the selected meteorite H content and its respective ESPAT and NOPL parameters. The average value of the H content obtained on Ryugu’s surface with its relative variations, combining the results obtained with the two methods, is 0.52−0.21+0.16wt.%. These methods can be applied to other asteroids that exhibit a 3 μm region absorption band to estimate the mean average of H content.Results.The results of the ESPAT and NOPL methods used on the Ryugu spectral data present small variations across Ryugu’s surface and do not show any evident relation with the surface geomorphological structures. Our estimation of the global average H content of Ryugu is in agreement with those of several aqueously altered carbonaceous chondrites measured in the laboratory and is most similar to the H content of heated CM. The study of phyllosilicate H2O and OH−group hydrogen content on Ryugu and the derived method may be applied to other observed primitive asteroids. The obtained results will allow Solar System evolution models to be constrained and will allow the formation and evolution of the Solar System to be better understood.
Crush cytology: an expeditious diagnostic tool for gastrointestinal tract malignancy
Authors: Desai Pankaj , Kabrawala Mayank , Patel Chintan , Arora Priya , Mehta Rajiv , Nandwani Subhash , Kalra Parika , Prajapati Ritesh , Patel Nisharg , Parekh Krishna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Crush cytology is a simple and rapid method used for diagnosis of central nervous system lesions. We have evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of crush cytology for gastrointestinal tract lesions.
Patients and methods This was a prospective, cross-sectional, single center study, conducted on the patients who had suspected malignant lesions between August 2018 and March 2020. The crush cytologic diagnoses were correlated with histology to determine the diagnostic accuracy.
Results During the period of interest, a total of 451 patients (26.4 % esophagus & GE junction, 16.6 % stomach, 5.9 % ampulla & duodenum, and 50.9 % colorectal) had a suspected malignant lesion on endoscopic examination. Histology confirmed 92.9 % cases as malignant lesions and 7.1 % as nonmalignant. On crush cytology, 84.5 % were positive for malignancy, 8.9 % were negative for malignancy and 6.6 % were reported as suspicious for malignancy. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of crush cytology were 97.3 %, 90 %, 99.2 %, 72.5 % and 96.9 %, respectively.
Conclusions Crush cytology is a highly sensitive, specific, rapid and cost effective technique to diagnose gastrointestinal malignancies in endoscopically suspected malignant lesions. However, it cannot entirely substitute histopathological examination for definite tumor typing, grading, confirming invasion and in cases in which cytology is suspicious. Crush cytology is an added asset to the histology to maximize diagnostic accuracy and accelerating decision making for the management of lesions.
Cardiac Autonomic Modulation of Heart Rate Recovery in Children with Spina Bifida
Authors: Leonardi-Figueiredo Marisa Maia , de Queiroz Davoli Gabriela Barroso , Avi Amanda Evangelista , Crescêncio Julio Cesar , Moura-Tonello Silvia Cristina , Manso Paulo Henrique , Júnior Lourenço Gallo , Martinez Edson Zangiacomi , Catai Aparecida Maria , Mattiello-Sverzut Ana Claudia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe aimed to analyse cardiac autonomic control by assessing the post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR) and physical fitness in children and adolescents with spina bifida (SB), compared to participants with typical development. A total of 124 participants, 42 with spina bifida (SB group) and 82 typical developmental controls (CO group) performed the arm cranking exercise test with a gas analysis system. HRR was determined at the first (HRR_1) and second (HRR_2) minute at recovery phase. Data are shown as [mean difference (95% CI)]. The SB group showed reduced HR reserve [14.5 (7.1–22.0) bmp, P<0.01], slower HRR_1 [12.4 (7.4–17.5) bpm, P<0.01] and HRR_2 [16.3 (10.6–21.9) bpm; P<0.01], lower VO2peak [VO2peak relative: 7.3 (4.2–10.3) mL·min−1·kg−1, P<0.01; VO2peak absolute: 0.42 (0.30–0.54) L·min−1, P<0.01], and lower O2 pulse [2.5 (1.8–3.2) mL·bpm, P<0.01] and ventilatory responses [13.5 (8.8–18.1) L·min−1, P<0.01] than the CO group. VE/VO2 was not different between groups [−2.82 (−5.77– −0.12); P=0.06], but the VE/VCO2 [−2.59 (−4.40–0.78); P<0.01] and the values of the anaerobic threshold corrected by body mass [−3.2 (−5.8– −0.6) mL·min−1·kg−1, P=0.01] were higher in the SB group than in the CO group. We concluded that children and adolescents with SB have reduced physical fitness and a slower HRR response after maximal effort.
Zystoskopiegeführte Laserablation zur Korrektur ektopischer Ureterozelen bei 2 Hündinnen
Authors: Werner Melanie , Meyer-Lindenberg Andrea , Felten Sandra , Hartmann Katrin , Dorsch Roswitha 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungZwei intakte Labrador-Retriever-Hündinnen (6 bzw. 3 Monate alt) wurden wegen Harninkontinenz vorgestellt. In beiden Fällen ergaben sich ultrasonografische Hinweise auf eine einseitige Ureterozele mit ektopischer Mündung. Eine definitive Diagnose wurde mittels Urethrozystoskopie durch Nachweis einer Ureteröffnung in der Urethra gestellt und durch kontrastmittelgestützte retrograde Fluoroskopie bestätigt. Die betroffene Uretermündung stellte sich bei beiden Hündinnen stenotisch dar. Die Behandlung erfolgte bei beiden Patienten durch eine zystoskopie- und fluoroskopiegestützte Laserablation des ektopischen Ureters mit einem Hol:YAG-Laser. Nach dem Einriff waren beide Hündinnen ohne medikamentöse Therapie kontinent. Die zystoskopisch geführte Laserablation zur Therapie ektopisch mündender Ureterozelen ist ein effektives und sicheres minimalinvasives Verfahren. Es stellt somit eine Alternative zur offenen chirurgischen Behandlung dar.
New methodology for measuring electron density perturbations caused by plasma coherent modes using profile reflectometry: Magnitudes and radial profiles in DIII-D
Authors: Zeng L. , Crocker N. A. , Rhodes T. L. , Peebles W. A. 
Published: April 2021

New capabilities of fast-sweep frequency-modulated profile reflectometry are explored to measure electron density ne perturbation magnitudes and radial profiles due to plasma coherent modes in DIII-D. The first approach is based on the frequency analysis of phase perturbations associated with high frequency (∼MHz) Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). The measurement of ∼5.5 MHz fast-ion-driven global Alfvén eigenmodes (GAEs) is demonstrated in a neutral beam-heated DIII-D plasma. The GAE induced a broad radial distribution of phase perturbations in the profile reflectometer data. Analysis of these data determined the effective cutoff location displacement and the estimated ne fluctuation profile. In the second approach, high resolution ne profiles are used directly to determine the radial structure of ne perturbations due to a neo-classical tearing mode. These new measurements broaden the application of profile reflectometry and advance the development of AE spectroscopy as a tool for non-invasive diagnosis of fast-ion-driven modes in DIII-D and burning plasmas such as ITER.
Analysis of low frequency noise in in situ fluorine-doped ZnSnO thin-film transistors
Authors: Yin Xuemei , Chen Yayi , Li Guoyuan , Zhong Wei , Deng Sunbin , Lu Lei , Li Guijun , Kwok Hoi Sing , Chen Rongsheng 
Published: April 2021

We report on in situ fluorine-doped ZnSnO (ZTO:F) thin-film transistors (TFTs) fabricated by co-sputtering. The low frequency noise (LFN) characteristics of ZTO:F TFTs under different annealing temperatures and FSnO (FTO) deposition powers are comparatively studied for the first time. The results show that ZTO:F TFTs have the best electrical and LFN characteristics under an FTO deposition power of 25 W and an annealing temperature of 350 °C, while the saturated field effect mobility was measured to be 14.0 cm2 V−1 s−1, the switching current ratio is over 109, and the Hooge parameter is about 10−2 without any passivation. ZTO:F TFTs without rare metals have the potential for low-cost and environmentally safe manufacturing.
An n-th order Lagrangian forward model for large-scale structure
Authors: Schmidt Fabian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A forward model of matter and biased tracers at arbitrary
order in Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT) is presented. The
forward model contains the complete LPT displacement field at any
given order in perturbations, as well as all relevant bias operators
at that order and leading order in derivatives. The construction is
done for any expansion history and does not rely on the Einstein-de
Sitter approximation. A large subset of higher-derivative bias
operators is also included. As validation test, we compare the
nLPT-predicted matter density field and that from N-body
simulations using the same initial conditions. For simulations using
a cutoff in the initial conditions, we find subpercent agreement up
to scales of k ∼ 0.2 h
-1 Mpc. We also find subpercent agreement
with full simulations without cutoff, both for the power spectrum
and nonlinear σ8-inference, when allowing for the effective
sound speed. The application to biased tracers (halos) has already
been presented in a recent paper [1].
Research on the Development of Autonomous Race Cars And Impact on Self-driving Cars
Authors: Jiang Alexander 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The rise of artificial intelligence has drawn attention to self-driving cars. Although a commercial autonomous vehicle still have not appeared on market, autonomous race cars are already fighting for the podium. One of the leading series is Roborace, a special series under FIA specifically to autonomous racing. Season alpha of the series was held in 2019 with two teams competing, Technical University of Munich and Arrival. Autonomous driving functionality contains a holistic software structure containing multiple individual driving functions. This paper analyzes the software employed by team TUM, a leader in autonomous racing software development, on their Devbot 2.0 racecar. The paper concludes the impact of autonomous racing on commercial self-driving cars along with a suggestion of what else can be done to further improve upon the concept.
Multi-UAV Task Assignment Based on Quantum Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yang Wang Zheng , Xin Yan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Multi UAV cooperation is an important application of multi UAV cooperation to complete complex tasks. In the aspect of multi UAV system coordination consists of some problems such as difficult to describe complex tasks, difficult to allocate load balancing, and difficult to model tasks. Therefore, making full use of all UAV resources and reasonable task modeling and task allocation to minimize the resource consumption of UAV system is the core problem of multi UAV cooperation. Task allocation is one of the important links of UAV cooperation, which has an important impact on the overall combat effectiveness of the system. This paper establishes the optimization model of multi UAV cooperative task allocation, and then designed a hybrid task allocation method. Quantum genetic algorithm is used for global task allocation in the initial state, and the grouping optimization strategy of hybrid frog leaping algorithm is used to greatly reduce the overall iteration times of the algorithm; the simulated annealing criterion is used to accept new solutions, which can better maintain the diversity of the population and help to jump out of the local extremum.
Optimization of machining parameters based on VERICUT three-axis milling
Authors: Li Xiaolei , Li Wei , Chen Xuerui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
For the processing of complex parts, it is necessary to determine the optimal processing path and processing technology, in order to ensure its processing accuracy and processing efficiency. Because the complexity of parts, the application of equipment, the method of setting up the process have a direct impact on the processing effect, how to obtain the best processing effect and quality has become the problem that must be solved in the process of intelligent manufacturing. This paper introduces the method of obtaining the best machining parameters of complex parts by using VERICUT software. The experimental results show that the machining parameters obtained by this method can improve the efficiency and quality of machining complex parts by using CAM software. Through this way to complete the processing of complex parts for the complex parts processing technical personnel to provide a certain technical reference and reference role.
A Study of Enhancing Computational Thinking Skills through STEAM Robotics Activities
Authors: Phadung Muneeroh , Yokkhun Atcharaporn , Persoh Sulaiman 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
STEAM robotics activities are designed to be an enhancement on students’ computational thinking skills, which are claimed to be essential for the 21st century. The aims of this study were to examine the learning outcomes of secondary students’ computational thinking skills through the use of STEAM robotics activities, and to investigate the students’ satisfaction after the implementation of STEAM robotics activities. A quasi-experimental research design was deployed in this study. The research participants were 37 eleventh-grade students of Private Islamic Schools in Yala province, Thailand. A quiz with pre- and post-test and satisfaction questionnaires were employed as data. Descriptive statistics – including mean, standard deviation and a pair sample t-test – was used to analyse the collected data. The findings were that students’ learning outcomes indicated a significant improvement in their computational skills after the use of STEAM robotics activities as compared with before, with the statistical level of significance of 0.05. In response to the second research question, the overall satisfaction of the students after the use of such STEAM robotics activities was high (mean=4.01; SD=0.54).
Effects of resource-based learning strategy on the performance in biology of Grade 8 learners
Authors: Mota John Christopher T. , Alia Leemarc C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study aims to find out the effectiveness of Resource-Based Learning Strategy on the performance in Biology. Specifically, to find out the significant difference on the pretest and posttest scores in Biology of the learners. Experimental research design, the pretest posttest control group design was used. The study was conducted at Manticao National High School, Grade 8 learners section Faith and Generous. There were thirty-five randomly selected learners taught using Resource-Based Learning and thirty-five learners exposed to Lecture Method respectively. T-test revealed showed that there was no significant difference on the learners’ pretest scores of the two groups, since the p-value is 0.1474 which it is greater than 0.05. Moreover, there was a significant difference on the learners’ posttest scores in Biology when taught using Resource-Based Learning and Lecture Method as shown with the p-value of 0.0228 which is lesser than 0.05 level of significant. Paired T-test showed that there was a significant difference on the learners’ pretest and posttest scores in Biology when taught using Resource-Based Learning and Lecture Method. Resource-Based Learning strategy on enhancing learners’ performance in experimental group, as shown in the p-value of 5.18X1007 and Lecture Method has a p-value of 0.0005 and both p-value is less than 0.05 level of significance. This study concluded that Resource-Based Learning strategy can improve the learners ’ performance in Biology by the use of more resources that helps them dis cover further definitions, concepts and ideas and making their learnings more meaningful by sharing their ideas on what they have researched to the class and would help the learners developed their communication skills and to have a lifelong learning.
The Effect of Project-Based Learning in STEM on Students’ Scientific Reasoning
Authors: Koes-H S , Putri N D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Scientific reasoning is the ability to face competition in the 21st century, so students must have this ability. Project-based learning (PjBL) will train students to improve their scientific reasoning. This study aims to analyze the influence of PjBL in STEM on students’ scientific reasoning on fluid. This research was the quantitative method with the pretest/posttest control group design. The subjects of this study were 66 high school students of grade XI. Instruments for collecting data collection was the written test with a reliability coefficient of 0.87. The results of the study indicate that the scientific reasoning of students who are leaning through PjBL in STEM is higher than that of students who learn through regular learning. In designing the project, students also train to reason scientifically by considering the size of the products that are made to produce a product that can work well. However, the STEM integrated PjBL is still not optimal in improving aspects of probabilistic reasoning and controlling variables.
Effect of Learning by Design Approach in Teaching Physics
Authors: Magsayo J R , Buan A T , Lahoylahoy M E , Sialongo M T , Habagat R C 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper analyses the effect of the implementation of a STEM lesson plan utilizing Learning by Design approach in teaching Newton’s Third Law of Motion. This study employed one group pretest-posttest research design. Pilot testing of the STEM Lesson was done to develop an enhance lesson activity. The enhance lesson activity was conducted to the 8th-grade students of a public school in one of the Junior High School in Iligan City using the PPITR (Present the scenario, Plan, Implement, Test and Revise) framework. The implementation of this lesson gives opportunity for the students to test and redesign their rocket output Result shows that high, average, and low ability students benefited the learning by design approach.