bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning-Based Radiomics Nomogram With Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI of the Osteosarcoma for Evaluation of Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhang Lu , Ge Yinghui , Gao Qiuru , Zhao Fei , Cheng Tianming , Li Hailiang , Xia Yuwei 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the value of machine learning-based dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) radiomics nomogram in prediction treatment response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with osteosarcoma.MethodsA total of 102 patients with osteosarcoma and who underwent NAC were enrolled in this study. All patients received a DCE-MRI scan before NAC. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors was used as the standard to evaluate the NAC response with complete remission and partial remission in the effective group, stable disease, and progressive disease in the ineffective group. The following semi-quantitative parameters of DCE-MRI were calculated: early dynamic enhancement wash-in slope (Slope), time to peak (TTP), and enhancement rate (R). The acquired data is randomly divided into 70% for training and 30% for testing. Variance threshold, univariate feature selection, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used to select the optimal features. Three classifiers (K-nearest neighbor, KNN; support vector machine, SVM; and logistic regression, LR) were implemented for model establishment. The performance of different classifiers and conventional semi-quantitative parameters was evaluated by confusion matrix and receiver operating characteristic curves. Furthermore, clinically relevant risk factors including age, tumor size and site, pathological fracture, and surgical staging were collected to evaluate their predictive values for the efficacy of NAC. The selected clinical features and imaging features were combined to establish the model and the nomogram, and then the predictive efficacy was evaluated.ResultsThe clinical relevance risk factor analysis demonstrates that only surgical stage was an independent predictor of NAC. A total of seven radiomic features were selected, and three machine learning models (KNN, SVM, and LR) were established based on such features. The prediction accuracy (ACC) of these three models was 0.89, 0.84, and 0.84, respectively. The area under the subject curve (AUC) of these three models was 0.86, 0.92, and 0.93, respectively. As for Slope, TTP, and R parameters, the prediction ACC was 0.91, 0.89, and 0.81, respectively, while the AUC was 0.87, 0.85, and 0.83, respectively. In both the training and testing sets, the ACC and AUC of the combined model were higher than those of the radiomics models (ACC = 0.91 and AUC = 0.95), which indicate an outstanding performance of our proposed model.ConclusionsThe radiomics nomogram demonstrates satisfactory predictive results for the treatment response of patients with osteosarcoma before NAC. This finding may provide a new decision basis to improve the treatment plan.
Low-Dose Piperlongumine Rescues Impaired Function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Reduces Cerebral Ischemic Injury in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice
Authors: Dong Xiao-Hui , Peng Cheng , Zhang Yu-Yi , Jiang Yu , Yang Li-Jun , He Jia-Bei , Tao Xia , Zhang Chuan , Chen Alex F , Xie He-Hui 
Published: November 2021

It is of great clinical significance to develop potential novel strategies to prevent cardio-cerebrovascular complications in patients with hyperlipidemia. Vascular Endothelial integrity and function play a key role in the prevention of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can home to sites of ischemic injury and promote endothelial regeneration and neovascularization. Hypercholesterolemia impairs the function of EPC. The present study attempted to identify the effect of piperlongumine on EPCs’ angiogenic potential and cerebral ischemic injury in high-fat diet-fed (HFD-fed) mice. Here, we showed that treatment with low-does piperlongumine (0.25 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks significantly improved EPCs function and reduced the cerebral ischemic injury (both infarct volumes and neurobehavioral outcomes) in HFD-fed mice. In addition, low-dose piperlongumine administration increased intracellular NO level and reduced intracellular O2- level in EPCs of HFD-fed mice. Moreover, incubation with piperlongumine (1.0 μM, 24 h) reduced thrombospondin-1/2 (TSP-1/2, a potent angiogenesis inhibitor) expression levels in EPCs from HFD-fed mice, increased the therapeutic effect of EPC from HFD-fed mice on cerebral ischemic injury reduction and angiogenesis promotion in HFD-fed mice, and the donor derived EPCs homed to the recipient ischemic brain. In conclusion, low-dose piperlongumine can enhance EPCs’ angiogenic potential and protect against cerebral ischemic injury in HFD-fed mice. It is implied that treatment with low-dose piperlongumine might be a potential option to prevent ischemic diseases (including stroke) in patients with hyperlipidemia, and priming with piperlongumine might be a feasible way to improve the efficacy of EPC-based therapy for ischemic diseases.
Modulation of Neuro-Inflammatory Signals in Microglia by Plasma Prekallikrein and Neuronal Cell Debris
Authors: Jaffa Aneese A. , Jaffa Miran A. , Moussa Mayssam , Ahmed Ibrahim A. , Karam Mia , Aldeen Kawthar Sharaf , Al Sayegh Rola , El-Achkar Ghewa A. , Nasrallah Leila , Yehya Yara , Habib Aida , Ziyadeh Fuad N. , Eid Ali H. , Kobeissy Firas H. , Jaffa Ayad A. 
Published: November 2021

Microglia, the resident phagocytes of the central nervous system and one of the key modulators of the innate immune system, have been shown to play a major role in brain insults. Upon activation in response to neuroinflammation, microglia promote the release of inflammatory mediators as well as promote phagocytosis. Plasma prekallikrein (PKall) has been recently implicated as a mediator of neuroinflammation; nevertheless, its role in mediating microglial activation has not been investigated yet. In the current study, we evaluate the mechanisms through which PKall contributes to microglial activation and release of inflammatory cytokines assessing PKall-related receptors and their dynamics. Murine N9-microglial cells were exposed to PKall (2.5 ng/ml), lipopolysaccharide (100 ng/ml), bradykinin (BK, 0.1 μM), and neuronal cell debris (16.5 μg protein/ml). Gene expression of bradykinin 2 receptor (B2KR), protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2), along with cytokines and fibrotic mediators were studied. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted to correlate altered protein changes with microglial activation. To assess receptor dynamics, HOE-140 (1 μM) and GB-83 (2 μM) were used to antagonize the B2KR and PAR-2 receptors, respectively. Also, the role of autophagy in modulating microglial response was evaluated. Data from our work indicate that PKall, LPS, BK, and neuronal cell debris resulted in the activation of microglia and enhanced expression/secretion of inflammatory mediators. Elevated increase in inflammatory mediators was attenuated in the presence of HOE-140 and GB-83, implicating the engagement of these receptors in the activation process coupled with an increase in the expression of B2KR and PAR-2. Finally, the inhibition of autophagy significantly enhanced the release of the cytokine IL-6 which were validated via bioinformatics analysis demonstrating the role of PKall in systematic and brain inflammatory processes. Taken together, we demonstrated that PKall can modulate microglial activation via the engagement of PAR-2 and B2KR where PKall acts as a neuromodulator of inflammatory processes.
Self-Management in Anxiety and Depression: A Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire
Authors: Krijnen-de Bruin Esther , Draisma Stasja , Muntingh Anna D. T. , Evers Aagje , van Straten Annemieke , Sinnema Henny , Spijker Jan , Batelaan Neeltje M. , van Meijel Berno 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To examine the underlying factor structure and psychometric properties of the Assessment of Self-management in Anxiety and Depression (ASAD) questionnaire, which was specifically designed for patients with (chronic) anxiety and depressive disorders. Moreover, this study assesses whether the number of items in the ASAD can be reduced without significantly reducing its precision.Methods: The ASAD questionnaire was completed by 171 participants across two samples: one sample comprised patients with residual anxiety or depressive symptoms, while the other consisted of patients who have been formally diagnosed with a chronic anxiety or depressive disorder. All participants had previously undergone treatment. Both exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were also assessed.Results: Both EFA and CFA indicated three solid factors: Seeking support, Daily life strategies and Taking ownership [Comparative Fit Index = 0.80, Tucker Lewis Index = 0.78, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.09 (CI 0.08–1.00), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.09 (χ2 = 439.35, df = 168)]. The ASAD was thus reduced from 45 items to 21 items, which resulted in the ASAD-Short Form (SF). All sub-scales had a high level of internal consistency (&gt; α = 0.75) and test–retest reliability (ICC &gt; 0.75).Discussion: The first statistical evaluation of the ASAD indicated a high level of internal consistency and test–retest reliability, and identified three distinctive factors. This could aid patients and professionals’ assessment of types of self-management used by the patient. Given that this study indicated that the 21-item ASAD-SF is appropriate, this version should be further explored and validated among a sample of patients with (chronic or partially remitted) anxiety and depressive disorders. Alongside this, to increase generalizability, more studies are required to examine the English version of the ASAD within other settings and countries.
The Effectiveness of a Community Psychiatric Rehabilitation Program Led by Laypeople in China: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Chen Ying , Lam Chow S. , Deng Hong , Yau Eva , Ko Kam ying 
Published: November 2021

Background: Community psychiatric rehabilitation has proven effective in supporting individuals and their families in recovering from mental illness. The delivery of evidence-based community rehabilitation services, however, requires health care workers to possess a set of specially trained knowledge and skills. Most developing countries, including China, do not have specially trained mental health personnel. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and efficacy of a community psychiatric rehabilitation program delivered by laypeople.Method: We conducted a randomized controlled study. Patients at two sites in Chengdu, China, were randomly assigned to either the laypeople-delivered (LPD) community psychiatric rehabilitation group (N = 49) or the drop-in center control group (N = 45). The outcomes were changes in symptoms, social functioning, and family functioning over 6 months, as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP), the Family Burden Scale of Disease (FBS), and the Family APGAR index.Results: The number of sessions received over the 12-week period of treatment ranged from 20 to 100%, with a mean completion rate of 77.32% for all 12 sessions. Statistically significant interactions between group and time were found for the total PANSS [F(2, 94) = 12.51, p &lt; 0.001] and both the Negative PANSS [F(2, 94) = 5.89, p &lt; 0.01] and Positive PANSS [F(2, 94) = 6.65, p &lt; 0.01] as well as the PSP [F(2, 94) = 3.34, p &lt; 0.05], FBS [F(2, 94) = 5.10, p &lt; 0.01], and Family APGAR index [F(2, 94) = 4.58, p &lt; 0.01]. The results showed that the experimental group outperformed their counterparts in symptom management, personal social functioning, family care burden, and coherence.Conclusion: These results support the feasibility and efficacy of having laypeople deliver psychiatric rehabilitation services. A discussion and limitations of the study have been included.
The Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sahebi Ali , Yousefi Atefeh , Abdi Kamel , Jamshidbeigi Yousef , Moayedi Siamak , Torres Mercedes , Wesemann Ulrich , Sheikhbardsiri Hojjat , Golitaleb Mohamad 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Frontline health care workers (HCWs) have had an increased risk of developing health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to physical illness, they have experienced mental health challenges, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of PTSD among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic via an umbrella review and meta-analysis.Methods: This study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline to perform a systematic literature search using various medical databases (Web of science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ProQuest, Science Direct, Embase, and Google scholar). The search included all articles published through the first of January 2020 the end of March 2021. The systematic review and meta-analysis studies that reported the prevalence of PTSD among health care workers were included in the study, and studies that reported the prevalence of PTSD in normal people or other epidemics were excluded. The random effects model was used to perform a meta-analysis, and the I2 index was used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies. Publication bias was assessed using the Egger test. Data was analyzed using STATA (version 14) software.Results: The initial literature search yielded 145 studies. After excluding duplicates and assessing the quality of the studies, 7 studies were selected for meta-analysis. The results showed that the overall prevalence of PTSD among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic was 13.52% (95% CI: 9.06–17.98, I2 = 65.5%, p = 0.008).Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of PTSD among frontline HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to invest in efforts to screen HCWs for mental health disorders such as PTSD and provide them with mental health support.
Gut Microbiota and Mycobiota Evolution Is Linked to Memory Improvement after Bariatric Surgery in Obese Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Enaud Raphaël , Cambos Sophie , Viaud Esther , Guichoux Erwan , Chancerel Emilie , Marighetto Aline , Etchamendy Nicole , Clark Samantha , Mohammedi Kamel , Cota Daniela , Delhaes Laurence , Gatta-Cherifi Blandine 
Published: November 2021

Patients with obesity are known to exhibit gut microbiota dysbiosis and memory deficits. Bariatric surgery (BS) is currently the most efficient anti-obesity treatment and may improve both gut dysbiosis and cognition. However, no study has investigated association between changes of gut microbiota and cognitive function after BS. We prospectively evaluated 13 obese patients on anthropometric data, memory functions, and gut microbiota-mycobiota before and six months after BS. The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) and the symbol span (SS) of the Weschler Memory Scale were used to assess verbal and working memory, respectively. Fecal microbiota and mycobiota were longitudinally analyzed by 16S and ITS2 rRNA sequencing respectively. AVLT and SS scores were significantly improved after BS (AVLT scores: 9.7 ± 1.7 vs. 11.2 ± 1.9, p = 0.02, and SS scores: 9.7 ± 23.0 vs. 11.6 ± 2.9, p = 0.05). An increase in bacterial alpha-diversity, and Ruminococcaceae, Prevotella, Agaricus, Rhodotorula, Dipodascus, Malassezia, and Mucor were significantly associated with AVLT score improvement after BS, while an increase in Prevotella and a decrease in Clostridium, Akkermansia, Dipodascus and Candida were linked to SS scores improvement. We identified several changes in the microbial communities that differ according to the improvement of either the verbal or working memories, suggesting a complex gut-brain-axis that evolves after BS.
Defining Baseline Creatinine for Identification of AKI in Population-Based Laboratory Databases: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Graversen Henriette V. , Jensen Simon K. , Vestergaard Søren V. , Heide-Jørgensen Uffe , Christiansen Christian F. 
Published: November 2021

Key Points

Applying four different commonly used baseline creatinine definitions revealed AKI cohorts of comparable size, AKI rate, and mortality.Including patients with no baseline creatinine yields cohorts with considerably lower AKI rate and higher mortality.Consistent use and reporting of methods for defining baseline creatinine is important, especially in studies of community-acquired AKI.

Background
The baseline creatinine level is central in the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria of AKI, but baseline creatinine is often inconsistently defined or unavailable in AKI research. We examined the rate, characteristics, and 30-day mortality of AKI in five AKI cohorts created using different definitions of baseline creatinine.

Methods
This nationwide cohort study included all individuals aged ≥18 years in Denmark with a creatinine measurement in 2017. Applying the KDIGO criteria, we created four AKI cohorts using four different baseline definitions (most recent, mean, or median value of outpatient creatinine 365–368 days before, or median value 90–98 days before, if available, otherwise median value 365–391 days before) and one AKI cohort not using a baseline value. AKI rate and the distribution of age, sex, baseline creatinine, and comorbidity were described for each AKI cohort, and the 30-day all-cause mortality was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results
The study included 2,095,850 adults with at least one creatinine measurement in 2017. The four different baseline definitions identified between 61,189 and 62,597 AKI episodes. The AKI rate in these four cohorts was 13–14 per 1000 person-years, and 30-day all-cause mortality was 17%–18%. The cohort created without using a baseline creatinine included 37,659 AKI episodes, corresponding to an AKI rate of 8.2 per 1000 person-years and a 30-day mortality of 23%. All five cohorts were similar regarding age, sex, and comorbidity.

Conclusions
In a population-based setting with available outpatient baseline creatinine, different baseline creatinine definitions revealed comparable AKI cohorts, whereas the lack of a baseline creatinine when defining AKI led to a smaller AKI cohort with a higher mortality. These findings underscore the importance of availability and consistent use of an outpatient baseline creatinine, particulary in studies of community-acquired AKI.
Pengaruh Sari Kacang Ijo Dan Tablet Fe Terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hb Ibu Hamil dengan Anemia
Authors: Misra Misrawati , Marliah Marliah 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui pengaruh sari kacang ijo dan tablet fe terhadap peningkatan kadar Hb pada ibu hamil yang anemia di Puskesmas Bara Baraya Makassar tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian Quasi Experimental Design adalah penelitian yang di lakukan dengan memberikan percobaan atau perlakuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Nonequivalent Control Group Design yaitu kelompok intervensi (ibu hamil yang diberi sari kacang ijo dan tablet Fe) dan kelompok control (ibu hamil yang komsumsi tablet Fe). Populasinya adalah semua ibu hamil yang berkunjung pada tanggal 09 April – 09 Juni di Puskesmas Bara Baraya Makassar tahun 2018 yang berjumlah 200 ibu hamil, adapun sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 responden dengan pengambilan sampel dengan tehnik proposive sampling. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh nilai analisa data dengan menggunakan uji wilcoxon dan uji mann whitney ada pengaruh sari kacang ijo dan tablet fe terhadap peningkatan kadar Hb Pada ibu hamil yang anemia dimana nilai ρ = 0.00 < α = 0,05 dan nilai sig atau nilai sebesar ,002 < α = 0,05 . yang berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima
Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Atas Pada Balita
Authors: N.L Nur Syamsi 
Published: November 2021

Tujuan penelitian, mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Atas pada Balita. Metode penelitian, penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan rancangan studi cross sectional. Penelitian cross sectional adalah suatu penelitian dimana variabel yang termasuk faktor resiko dan variabel yang termasuk efek diobservasi pada waktu yang sama. Hasil penelitian, ada hubungan antara status gizi, kebiasan merokok, kepadatan penghuni rumah, pendidikan ibu dan status imunisasi terhadap kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Atas pada balita. Kesimpulan, penyebarluasan informasi tentang ISPA agar masyarakat senantiasa tidak membiarkan anaknya terpapar dengan faktor risiko Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Atas, kesadaran dari orang tua terutama yang suka merokok agar tidak merokok dalam lingkungan rumah karena akan mempengaruhi kesehatan saluran pernapasan terutama pada balita sehingga harus dilakukan sosialisasi bahaya merokok pada masyarakat oleh petugas kesehatan setempat. Imunisasi merupakan salah faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian ISPA pada balita sehingga perlu adanya penyuluhan tentang pentingnya imunisasi pada balita oleh petugas kesehatan setempat.
Topical issues of improving the provision of free primary legal assistance to members of a territorial community by local governments of Ukraine
Authors: Kompaniets Mykola 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to study topical issues of improving the provision of free primary legal assistance by local governmentsof Ukraine to members of a territorial community.
It has been proved that the provision of free primary legal aid by local self-government bodies to residents – members of a territorialcommunity is a fairly new competence of this level of public authorities – and, given its particular importance in protectinghuman and civil rights and freedoms, which is carried out in the local system of such protection human rights at the level of a local territorialcommunity, which is created by the local self-government bodies themselves, objectively requires its improvement, as well asfurther organizational, organizational and legal support and support.It is argued that the reasons for the objectification, actualization and contextualization of the provision of free primary legal aidby local governments are a number of factors of an objective and subjective nature, which are manifested in the process of organizingsuch work, which include: a) the formation and development of the system of local self-government in the state European standard;b) the peculiarities of the official recognition and legalization of the distribution of interests between the two levels of public power –public state power and public self-governing (municipal) power, as well as their embodiment in legislative drafting and lawmaking;c) conflictogenic motives inherent in the emergence of a new management paradigm – the competence of the local self-governmentbodies themselves, the presence of which was not recognized for a long time in the doctrine of national administrative law; d) the pre -sence in the administrative discourse in the sphere of exercising public power of the state – especially in the drafting of norms (legislation)and rulemaking (legislation) of a false methodological position regarding the deliberate duplication of powers of local governmentbodies of different levels, local government bodies and executive bodies; e) the right of local governments to the priority provisionof free primary legal aid, which follows from the systemic interpretation of Art. 3 of the profile Law of Ukraine “On Free Legal Aid”of 2011, according to which such a right is guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine the possibility of individuals with different legalstatus – a citizen of Ukraine, a foreigner, a stateless person, including a refugee or a person in need of additional protection, to receivefree primary legal assistance in full, as well as the possibility of a certain category of persons to receive free secondary legal assistancein the cases provided for by this Law.