bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The emergence of entrepreneurial team as a research field – way forward
Authors: Das Willy , Das Satyasiba , Chattopadhyay Manojit 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review and critique the existing literature on entrepreneurial teams (ET) by taking a multi-disciplinary viewpoint and provide a future research agenda based on the identified themes and trends.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review (SLR) was undertaken using “business source complete”. Further scrutiny and application of exclusion criteria led to a final sample consisting of 139 papers from 27 different journals belonging to not just entrepreneurship and strategic management but also other disciplines like OB, finance, sociology, psychology, etc. Using qualitative thematic analysis, the authors identified 11 major themes.FindingsThe paper reviews both the eleven themes and the linkages between the themes. Thereby identifying areas that have been understudied and those that have received comparatively more attention. The review revealed that the research stream possesses certain conceptual and methodological concerns apart from its cross-sectional and primarily bivariate nature. Five such main concerns have been identified and discussed in detail. Other elements of the resulting research agenda include calls for more clinical process-oriented research, further attention to context, shifting the level of analysis, and a need to integrate across disciplines.Originality/valueThis paper incorporates a broad insight of ET across academic disciplines to show how future contributions could benefit by incorporating research from other fields. In doing so, provides a starting point for more nuanced discussions around the interrelationships between the different conversations that are taking place in the ET literature.
Board structure changes after accounting fraud: the case of Schneider Electric
Authors: Millet-Reyes Benedicte , Uddin Nancy 
Published: June 2021

Theoretical basis
The impact of corporate governance on internal controls and quality of financial disclosures.

Research methodology
Analysis of a real financial fraud event for a non-US multinational corporation. The case relies on accessing and analyzing annual reports for the firm, both before and after the fraud. Additional information on industry governance characteristics are provided in the case itself so that students can compare the firm to the industry.

Case overview/synopsis
This business case is centered on the analysis of Schneider Electric, a French multinational corporation, which had to restate their financial statements in 2011 because of accounting fraud. Following this event, Schneider undertook major changes in their board structure to improve internal control mechanisms. This pedagogical business case familiarizes students with international differences in ownership and board structure and emphasizes potential corporate governance changes after financial statement fraud.

Complexity academic level
Managerial finance, corporate finance, international finance, auditing. This case is more appropriate for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses.
Challenges of Moksh Organization: an epitome of humanity
Authors: Mehta Nikhil K. , Chourasia Shubham , Devadas Aswini 
Published: June 2021

Theoretical basis
This case uses concepts from Korten’s strategies of development-oriented four generations of non-government organizations (NGOs) and social psychology such as stereotypes, prejudices and actions to explain the social phenomenon. In furtherance, the case presents Aristotle’s approach to creating a message for masses that include use of ethos, pathos and logos. Stood’s (2017) narrative, engagement and technology (NET) model of social leadership was used to analyse the characteristics of social leaders.

Research methodology
Prima facie the case was developed from primary sources i.e. interviewing with Ashish Thakur. Literature from secondary sources was obtained to make teaching notes. List of references is presented towards the end that depicts the use of textbooks, research papers, websites and blogs. This case was tested in the classroom with MBA students learning business communication.

Case overview/synopsis
The case dealt with the challenges of an NGO that included conducting respectful last rites of unclaimed dead bodies. As the NGO grew, Ashish Thakur, the initiator of Moksh started facing resource management challenges, namely, volunteer induction, fundraising and managing non-human resources. These issues are deeply embedded in several social stereotypes about dead bodies. Learning covers strategies of four generations of NGO development, a NET model of social leadership, breaking social stereotypes related to dead bodies and last rites (necrophobia), designing social communication and opportunity to assess faulty rationalizations and do critical thinking around the socio-religious practices.

Complexity academic level
This case is intended to be used for the students of the social leadership or social entrepreneurship, social psychology, business communication or communication skills, organizational behaviour, advertising and social media.
Diagnosis of COVID-19 using 3D CT scans and vaccination for COVID-19
Authors: Ch Gangadhar , Jana S. , Majji Sankararao , Kuncha Prathyusha , E. Fantin Irudaya Raj , Tigadi Arun 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
For the first time in a decade, a new form of pneumonia virus, coronavirus, COVID-19, appeared in Wuhan, China. To date, it has affected millions of people, killed thousands and resulted in thousands of deaths around the world. To stop the spread of this virus, isolate the infected people. Computed tomography (CT) imaging is very accurate in revealing the details of the lungs and allows oncologists to detect COVID. However, the analysis of CT scans, which can include hundreds of images, may cause delays in hospitals. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology could help to COVID-19-positive cancer in this manner is the main purpose of the work.

Design/methodology/approach
CT scans are a medical imaging procedure that gives a three-dimensional (3D) representation of the lungs for clinical purposes. The volumetric 3D data sets can be regarded as axial, coronal and transverse data sets. By using AI, we can diagnose the virus presence.

Findings
The paper discusses the use of an AI for COVID-19, and CT classification issue and vaccination details of COVID-19 have been detailed in this paper.

Originality/value
Originality of the work is, all the data can be collected genuinely and did research work doneown methodology.
Prenatal cannabis use disorders and offspring primary and secondary educational outcomes
Authors: Betts Kim S. , Kisely Steve , Alati Rosa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsCannabis use is increasing among women of reproductive age, warranting a greater understanding of the impact of prenatal cannabis use on offspring developmental outcomes. We tested for a potential relationship between prenatal cannabis use disorders (CUD) and offspring educational outcomes across primary and secondary school.DesignData were drawn from the New South Wales (NSW) Perinatal Data Collection, which included all live births in the Australian state of NSW between January 2003 and December 2005. These were linked with the NSW Admitted Patient Data collection for mothers and offspring, and the NSW National Assessment Program—Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN).SettingNew South Wales, Australia.ParticipantsA total of 189 558 offspring who completed the NAPLAN in grades 3, 5 and 7 (resulting in 568 674 examination periods).MeasurementsThe exposure variable was ICD‐10 cannabis use disorders (CUD = F13.0–F13.9). The study included five outcome variables measured at three time‐points as not meeting the minimum national standards for: (i) numeracy, (ii) reading, (iii) spelling, (iv) writing and (v) grammar and punctuation.FindingsIn unadjusted analyses, prenatal CUD was associated with an increased risk for not meeting the national minimum standard of all outcomes [odds ratios (OR) ranging from 3.42 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.94, 3.99) to 4.17 (95% CI = 3.55, 4.91)], with no evidence for an interaction across time. However, the associations attenuated greatly after exact matching by covariates, with reading and numeracy no longer associated with prenatal CUD, while the increased risk of the other outcomes ranged from OR = 1.31 (95% CI = 1.09, 1.57) to OR = 1.40 (95% CI = 1.17, 1.68).ConclusionSocio‐economic status appears to confound the association between prenatal cannabis use disorder and poor educational performance in offspring.
An intensive model of care for hepatitis C virus screening and treatment with direct‐acting antivirals in people who inject drugs in Nairobi, Kenya: a model‐based cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Mafirakureva Nyashadzaishe , Stone Jack , Fraser Hannah , Nzomukunda Yvonne , Maina Aron , Thiong'o Angela W. , Kizito Kibango Walter , Mucara Esther W. K. , González Diaz C. Inés , Musyoki Helgar , Mundia Bernard , Cherutich Peter , Nyakowa Mercy , Lizcano John , Chhun Nok , Kurth Ann , Akiyama Matthew J. , Waruiru Wanjiru , Bhattacharjee Parinita , Cleland Charles , Donchuk Dmytro , Luhmann Niklas , Loarec Anne , Maman David , Walker Josephine , Vickerman Peter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsHepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment is essential for eliminating HCV in people who inject drugs (PWID), but has limited coverage in resource‐limited settings. We measured the cost‐effectiveness of a pilot HCV screening and treatment intervention using directly observed therapy among PWID attending harm reduction services in Nairobi, Kenya.DesignWe utilized an existing model of HIV and HCV transmission among current and former PWID in Nairobi to estimate the cost‐effectiveness of screening and treatment for HCV, including prevention benefits versus no screening and treatment. The cure rate of treatment and costs for screening and treatment were estimated from intervention data, while other model parameters were derived from literature. Cost‐effectiveness was evaluated over a life‐time horizon from the health‐care provider's perspective. One‐way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.SettingNairobi, Kenya.PopulationPWID.MeasurementsTreatment costs, incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (cost per disability‐adjusted life year averted).FindingsThe cost per disability‐adjusted life‐year averted for the intervention was $975, with 92.1% of the probabilistic sensitivity analyses simulations falling below the per capita gross domestic product for Kenya ($1509; commonly used as a suitable threshold for determining whether an intervention is cost‐effective). However, the intervention was not cost‐effective at the opportunity cost‐based cost‐effectiveness threshold of $647 per disability‐adjusted life‐year averted. Sensitivity analyses showed that the intervention could provide more value for money by including modelled estimates for HCV disease care costs, assuming lower drug prices ($75 instead of $728 per course) and excluding directly‐observed therapy costs.ConclusionsThe current strategy of screening and treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) among people who inject drugs in Nairobi is likely to be highly cost‐effective with currently available cheaper drug prices, if directly‐observed therapy is not used and HCV disease care costs are accounted for.
A wastewater‐based assessment of the impact of a minimum unit price (MUP) on population alcohol consumption in the Northern Territory, Australia
Authors: O'Brien Jake W. , Tscharke Benjamin J. , Bade Richard , Chan Gary , Gerber Cobus , Mueller Jochen F. , Thomas Kevin V. , Hall Wayne D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimTo test if there was a reduction in alcohol consumption in wastewater samples in the Northern Territory of Australia after the implementation of a minimum unit alcohol price policy (MUP) in October 2018.Design, setting, casesBetween August 2016 and February 2020, wastewater samples were collected across 66 sites in the Northern Territory and all other states and territories in Australia. Samples were collected every 2 months in capital cities and every 4 months in regional places during this period. Overall, 4917 samples were taken (2816 before MUP and 2101 after).MeasurementsThe number of standard drinks per 1000 people per day in the respective catchment areas was estimated based on the concentration of an alcohol‐specific metabolite, ethyl sulphate in the samples (using the excretion factor of ethyl sulphate, the flow of wastewater entering the wastewater treatment plants and the population of each wastewater catchment).FindingsResults from a linear mixed model showed that there was a large drop in alcohol consumption immediately after the MUP in Northern Territory [estimated drop = 1231, 99% confidence interval (CI) = 830, 1633; 38.75%]. There was no significant drop in all other states/territories except for Queensland, which showed a significant but much smaller drop (estimated drop: 310; 99% CI = 114, 550). One year after the MUP, the drop narrowed to 520 (99% CI = 189, 851) and was no longer statistically significant in February 2020 (15 months after MUP; estimated drop = 283, 99% CI = −114, 681).ConclusionsPer‐capita consumption of alcohol appears to have decreased substantially in the Northern Territory of Australia immediately after the implementation of a minimum unit price but consumption steadily recovered and almost returned to the pre‐MUP consumption level after 15 months.
An epigenome‐wide DNA methylation study of patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Zhou Shengyu , Zhang Jintao , Xu Jiawei , Zhang Fayan , Li Peng , He Yujie , Wu Julong , Wang Chunting , Wang Ximing , Zhang Wei , Ning Kang , Pan Yun , Liu Tian , Zhao Jiping , Yin Lixia , Zhang Rumin , Gao Feng , Zhao Jintong , Dong Liang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the early 2000s, emerging SARS‐CoV‐2, which is highly pathogenic, posed a great threat to public health. During COVID‐19, epigenetic regulation is deemed to be an important part of the pathophysiology and illness severity. Using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip (850 K), we investigated genome‐wide differences in DNA methylation between healthy subjects and COVID‐19 patients with different disease severities. We conducted a combined analysis and selected 35 “marker” genes that could indicate a SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, including 12 (ATHL1, CHN2, CHST15, CPLX2, CRHR2, DCAKD, GNAI2, HECW1, HYAL1, MIR510, PDE11A, and SMG6) situated in the promoter region. The functions and pathways of differentially methylated genes were enriched in biological processes, signal transduction, and the immune system. In the “Severe versus Mild” group, differentially methylated genes, after eliminating duplicates, were used for PPI analyses. The four hub genes (GNG7, GNAS, PRKCZ, and PRKAG2) that had the highest degree of nodes were identified and among them, GNG7 and GNAS genes expressions were also downregulated in the severe group in sequencing results. Above all, the results suggest that GNG7 and GNAS may play a non‐ignorable role in the progression of COVID‐19. In conclusion, the identified key genes and related pathways in the current study can be used to study the molecular mechanisms of COVID‐19 and may provide possibilities for specific treatments.
Trps1 targets Ccnd1 to regulate mouse Leydig cell proliferation
Authors: Sun Jiandong , Li Hua , Lv Chengyu , Draz Eman , Liu Yue , Lin Zihang , Hu Weitao , Mo Kaien , Lin Jianmin , Xu Weiwei , Wang Shie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe tricho‐rhino‐phalangeal syndrome‐1 gene (Trps1) is an atypical GATA family member. Although current studies of Trps1 mainly focus on tumors, whether Trps1 plays a role in the male reproductive system remains unknown.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the function of Trps1 in Leydig cells, indicating its regulatory mechanism on the cell cycle.MethodsGene‐silencing technology, RNA‐seq, RT‐qPCR, and western blotting were used to evaluate the function of Trps1 in mouse primary Leydig cells and MLTC‐1 cells. In addition, ChIP‐base sets and ChIP‐qPCR were employed to further assess the regulatory mechanism of Trps1 in MLTC‐1 cells.ResultsKnockdown of Trps1 in Leydig cells significantly suppressed phosphorylation of Src and Akt and expression of Ccnd1, which was accompanied by impairment of cell proliferative ability. Trps1 may affect the cell cycle through the Src/Akt/Ccnd1 signaling pathway. In addition, Trps1 may bind to the promoter of Srcin1 to regulate its transcription, thus influencing Src phosphorylation levels and the proliferation of Leydig cells.Discussion and conclusionSrc increases in Leydig cells during pubertal development, suggesting its functional involvement in differentiated adult Leydig cells. Inhibition of the Src/Akt pathway would reduce Ccnd1 expression. In the present study, we found that Trps1 may regulate the phosphorylation level of Src and Akt through Srcin1, targeting Ccnd1 to influence mouse Leydig cell proliferation. These findings shed light on the regulation of Trps1 on cell proliferation and differentiation of mouse Leydig cells.
The influence of experience and expertise on how surgeons prepare to perform a procedure
Authors: Crebbin Wendy , Guest Glenn , Beasley Spencer , Tobin Stephen , Duvivier Robbert , Watters David 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a paucity of literature describing how surgeons (either novice or expert) mentally prepare to carry out a surgical procedure. This paper focuses on these processes, and is part of a larger piece of research based on the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) Clinical Decision Making model.MethodsInterviews were conducted over a 3‐year period with registrars, trainees, fellows and consultants in the Department of Surgery at one large regional hospital in Victoria. Analysis began from the first interview with no pre‐conceived codes. Emerging themes were drawn from participants' interpretation of their experiences. Further information was obtained during discussions in theatre while patients were being prepared for surgery.ResultsThe findings show that the process of rehearsal changes as a surgeon gains more experience in a procedure. A ‘novice’ relies on external sources of information, for example textbooks and videos. After participating in a number of similar procedures their reliance gradually moves to their own sensory memories. Surgeons at all levels of experience discuss their preparations with peers, colleagues, senior clinicians, and where appropriate, with members of other disciplines.ConclusionThese findings offer insight into how surgeons, at different levels of experience, prepare for a procedure. These understandings have the potential to improve the teaching and learning of this essential component of surgical practice.
New moderation methods of higher school certificate assessments: a case study of the New South Wales practice
Authors: Shi Yanlin 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThe Higher School Certificate (HSC) is the credential awarded to secondary school students in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. This paper reviews the current moderation process of the HSC and introduces and compares a range of modern statistical methods. With a comprehensive analysis of the complete 2013–2016 HSC results, we show that the monotone spline regression with the Huber loss function consistently beats the existing moderation method. With its simple structure, fast execution and improved effectiveness, this new moderation model is an ideal replacement of the in‐force quadratic for the HSC practice in NSW.
Pulmonary impairment in type 2 diabetic rats and its improvement by exercise
Authors: Machado Liz Maria Queiroz , Serra Daniel Silveira , Neves Thayanne Gomes , Cavalcante Francisco Sales Ávila , Ceccatto Vânia Marilande , Leal‐Cardoso Jose Henrique , Zin Walter Araujo , Moreira‐Gomes Maria Diana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimWe aimed to evaluate whether the streptozotocin‐induced diabetic model can generate lung functional, histological and biochemical impairments and whether moderate exercise can prevent these changes.MethodsWistar rats were assigned to control (CTRL), exercise (EXE), diabetic (D) and diabetic with exercise (D+EXE) groups. We used the n5‐STZ model of diabetes mellitus triggered by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 120 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) in newborn rats on their 5th day of life. EXE and D+EXE rats were trained by running on a motorized treadmill, 5 days a week for 9 weeks. Blood glucose, body weight, food intake, exercise capacity, lung mechanics, morphology, and antioxidant enzymatic activity were analysed.ResultsOn the 14th week of life, diabetic rats exhibited a significant impairment in post‐prandial glycaemia, glucose tolerance, body weight, food intake, lung function (tissue viscance, elastance, Newtonian resistance and hysteresis), morphological parameters, redox balance and exercise capacity. Physical training completely prevented the diabetes‐induced alterations, except for those on fasting blood glucose, which nevertheless remained stable.ConclusionsMild diabetes in n5‐STZ‐treated rats jeopardized pulmonary mechanics, morphology and redox balance, which confirms the occurrence of diabetes‐induced pneumopathy. Moreover, moderate exercise completely prevented all diabetes‐induced respiratory alterations.
Circulating tumour DNA reveals genetic traits of patients with intraductal carcinoma of the prostate
Authors: Zhao Jinge , Sun Guangxi , Zhu Sha , Dai Jindong , Chen Junru , Zhang Mengni , Ni Yuchao , Zhang Haoran , Shen Pengfei , Zhao Xiaochen , Zhang Bei , Pan Xiuyi , Nie Ling , Yin Xiaoxue , Liang Jiayu , Zhang Xingming , Wang Zhipeng , Zhu Xudong , Liao Banghua , Liu Zhenhua , Armstrong Cameron M. , Gao Allen C. , Huang Haojie , Chen Ni , Zeng Hao 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesTo investigate the genetic alterations of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) with and without intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC‐P).Patients and MethodsWe performed targeted sequencing of plasma cell‐free DNA on 161 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma (PAC) with IDC‐P and 84 without IDC‐P. Genomic alterations were compared between these two groups. The association between genetic alterations and patients’ survival outcomes was also explored.ResultsWe identified that 29.8% (48/161) and 21.4% (18/84) of patients with and without IDC‐P harboured genomic alterations in DNA repair pathways, respectively (P = 0.210). Pathogenic germline DNA repair alterations were frequently detected in IDC‐P carriers compared to IDC‐P non‐carriers (11.8% [19/161] vs 2.4% [two of 84], P = 0.024). Germline BReast CAncer type 2 susceptibility protein (BRCA2) and somatic cyclin‐dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) defects were specifically identified in IDC‐P carriers relative to PAC (BRCA2: 8.7% [14/161] vs 0% and CDK12: 6.8% [11/161] vs 1.2% [one of 84]). Patients with IDC‐P had a distinct androgen receptor (AR) pathway alteration, characterised by an enrichment of nuclear receptor corepressor 2 (NCOR2) mutations compared with patients with pure PAC (21.1% [34/161] vs 6.0% [five of 84], P = 0.004). Increased AR alterations were detected in patients harbouring tumours with an IDC‐P proportion of ≥10% vs those with an IDC‐P proportion of <10% (6.4% [five of 78] vs 18.1% [15/83], P = 0.045). For IDC‐P carriers, tumour protein p53 (TP53) mutation was associated with shorter castration‐resistant‐free survival (median 10.9 vs 28.9 months, P = 0.026), and BRCA2 alteration was related to rapid prostate‐specific antigen progression for those receiving abiraterone treatment (median 9.1 vs 11.9 months, P = 0.036).ConclusionOur findings provide genomic evidence explaining the aggressive phenotype of tumours with IDC‐P, highlighting the potential therapeutic strategies for this patient population.