bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contact experiences and needs of children of prisoners before and during COVID‐19: Findings from an Australian survey
Authors: Flynn Catherine , Bartels Lorana , Dennison Susan , Taylor Helen , Harrigan Susy 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMost of the research examining children visiting a parent in prison indicates that visits have a positive impact on children's well‐being, their connection to the imprisoned parent and the parent themselves. However, the COVID‐19 pandemic brought about a significant change to prison visits worldwide, with limits or bans on face‐to‐face contact. Understanding the experiences and needs of children during this period remains limited. This paper presents the findings of a survey of 84 carers of 184 children across Australia, investigating children's experiences of contact with their imprisoned parent both before and during COVID‐19 restrictions. Although most carers reported maintaining contact during restrictions, a range of difficulties were noted: reduced availability; the effect of prison‐based issues, including lockdowns; and the suitability of video/telephone visits for young children. Some described the benefits of videoconferencing, including reduced travel time and cost, and not needing to take children into a prison environment. Despite this, respondents typically described the negative impact of restrictions, and lack of physical contact, on children's emotional well‐being. Our findings suggest that, for video visiting to be successful, it should be complementary to in‐person visits, tailored to the needs of children, with support offered to families.
SimJEB: Simulated Jet Engine Bracket Dataset
Authors: Whalen E. , Beyene A. , Mueller C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces the Simulated Jet Engine Bracket Dataset (SimJEB) [WBM21]: a new, public collection of crowdsourced mechanical brackets and accompanying structural simulations. SimJEB is applicable to a wide range of geometry processing tasks; the complexity of the shapes in SimJEB offer a challenge to automated geometry cleaning and meshing, while categorical labels and structural simulations facilitate classification and regression (i.e. engineering surrogate modeling). In contrast to existing shape collections, SimJEB's models are all designed for the same engineering function and thus have consistent structural loads and support conditions. On the other hand, SimJEB models are more complex, diverse, and realistic than the synthetically generated datasets commonly used in parametric surrogate model evaluation. The designs in SimJEB were derived from submissions to the GrabCAD Jet Engine Bracket Challenge: an open engineering design competition with over 700 hand‐designed CAD entries from 320 designers representing 56 countries. Each model has been cleaned, categorized, meshed, and simulated with finite element analysis according to the original competition specifications. The result is a collection of 381 diverse, high‐quality and application‐focused designs for advancing geometric deep learning, engineering surrogate modeling, automated cleaning and related geometry processing tasks.
Stable and efficient differential estimators on oriented point clouds
Authors: Lejemble T. , Coeurjolly D. , Barthe L. , Mellado N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPoint clouds are now ubiquitous in computer graphics and computer vision. Differential properties of the point‐sampled surface, such as principal curvatures, are important to estimate in order to locally characterize the scanned shape. To approximate the surface from unstructured points equipped with normal vectors, we rely on the Algebraic Point Set Surfaces (APSS) [GG07] for which we provide convergence and stability proofs for the mean curvature estimator. Using an integral invariant viewpoint, this first contribution links the algebraic sphere regression involved in the APSS algorithm to several surface derivatives of different orders. As a second contribution, we propose an analytic method to compute the shape operator and its principal curvatures from the fitted algebraic sphere. We compare our method to the state‐of‐the‐art with several convergence and robustness tests performed on a synthetic sampled surface. Experiments show that our curvature estimations are more accurate and stable while being faster to compute compared to previous methods. Our differential estimators are easy to implement with little memory footprint and only require a unique range neighbors query per estimation. Its highly parallelizable nature makes it appropriate for processing large acquired data, as we show in several real‐world experiments.
Practical Computation of the Cut Locus on Discrete Surfaces
Authors: Mancinelli C. , Livesu M. , Puppo E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe present a novel method to compute the cut locus of a distance function encoded on a polygonal mesh. Our method exploits theoretical findings about the cut locus and – with a combination of analytic, geometric and topological tools – it is able to compute a topologically correct and geometrically accurate approximation of it. Our result can be either restricted to the mesh edges, or aligned with the real cut locus. Both outputs may be useful for practical applications. We also provide a convenient tool to optionally prune the weak branches of the cut locus, simplifying its structure. Our approach supersedes prior art, in that it is easier to use and also orders of magnitude faster. In fact, it depends on just one parameter, and it flawlessly operates on meshes with high genus and very high element count at interactive rates. We experiment with different datasets and methods for geodesic distance estimation. We also present applications to local and global surface parameterization.
Prognostic and predictive role of a metabolic rate‐limiting enzyme signature in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhangding , Fu Yao , Xia Anliang , Chen Chen , Qu Jiamu , Xu Guifang , Zou Xiaoping , Wang Qiang , Wang Shouyu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesAbnormal expression of metabolic rate‐limiting enzymes drives the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to elucidate the comprehensive model of metabolic rate‐limiting enzymes associated with the prognosis of HCC.Materials and MethodsHCC animal model and TCGA project were used to screen out differentially expressed metabolic rate‐limiting enzyme. Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operation (LASSO) and experimentally verification were performed to identify metabolic rate‐limiting enzyme signature. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and prognostic nomogram were used to assess the efficacy of the signature in the three HCC cohorts (TCGA training cohort, internal cohort and an independent validation cohort).ResultsA classifier based on three rate‐limiting enzymes (RRM1, UCK2 and G6PD) was conducted and serves as independent prognostic factor. This effect was further confirmed in an independent cohort, which indicated that the AUC at year 5 was 0.715 (95% CI: 0.653‐0.777) for clinical risk score, whereas it was significantly increased to 0.852 (95% CI: 0.798‐0.906) when combination of the clinical with signature risk score. Moreover, a comprehensive nomogram including the signature and clinicopathological aspects resulted in significantly predict the individual outcomes.ConclusionsOur results highlighted the prognostic value of rate‐limiting enzymes in HCC, which may be useful for accurate risk assessment in guiding clinical management and treatment decisions.
Therapeutic ultrasound as a treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis: A systematic review
Authors: da Silva Gustavo Silveira , dos Santos Isoppo Karoliny 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of therapeutic ultrasound in symptoms of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.Data source and study selectionSearches were carried out in the MEDLINE (via OVID), SCOPUS, PubMed and Virtual Health Library databases. The study selection is as follows: Pre‐experimental and experimental studies in English, Spanish and Portuguese that evaluated the effects of ultrasound on the signs and symptoms of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were included. After study selection, data extraction, risk of bias and quality assessment, we performed a qualitative description of current data.ResultsNine studies were selected, providing 309 participants (20 to 47 volunteers in each study), with an average age of 44.5 years. Three studies had assumed pretest–posttest design, four studies were single‐blinded randomized controlled trial and the two studies were double‐blinded randomized controlled trial. The modalities of ultrasound investigated were pulsed and continuous, and the studies evaluated the ultrasound effects immediately after one session or after a few sessions of treatment (6, 10 or 15 sessions). The use of ultrasound, in both continuous and pulsed modalities, demonstrated to reduce characteristic signs and symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis. Despite these results, only two studies had a low risk of bias. A meta‐analysis was not possible due to the huge heterogeneity of included studies.ConclusionsDespite ultrasound in continuous and pulsed modalities showing similar positive effects in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis, the studies are small, short duration, poor design and with a high risk of bias. Thereby, ultrasound cannot be appointed as a potential adjunct resource to current methods of treating chronic rhinosinusitis until large randomised controlled studies are performed.
A randomized, multicenter trial assessing the effects of rapastinel compared to ketamine, alprazolam, and placebo on simulated driving performance
Authors: Su Shengfang , Kay Gary , Hochadel Thomas , Rojo Jonathan , Christopher Stein J. , Boinpally Ramesh , Periclou Antonia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractN‐methyl‐D‐aspartate ionotropic glutamatergic receptor (NMDAR) modulators, including rapastinel and ketamine, elicit rapid and sustained antidepressant responses in patients with treatment‐resistant major depressive disorder. This phase I, randomized, multicenter, placebo‐controlled, five‐period, crossover, single‐dose study evaluated simulated driving performance of healthy participants (N = 107) after single doses of rapastinel slow intravenous (i.v.) bolus 900 and 1800 mg, alprazolam oral 0.75 mg (positive control), ketamine i.v. infusion 0.5 mg/kg (clinical comparator), and placebo ~ 45 min before driving. The primary end point was SD of lateral position (SDLP) during the 60‐min 100‐km simulated driving scenario. Additional measures of driving performance, sleepiness, and cognition were also evaluated. To assess effects over time, mean SDLP was calculated for each 10‐min interval of driving. Sensitivity of the assays was confirmed with alprazolam (all placebo comparisons p < 0.02). Rapastinel 900 and 1800 mg did not significantly affect simulated driving performance compared to placebo (both p > 0.5). Both rapastinel doses resulted in significantly less impaired driving compared to alprazolam or ketamine (all p < 0.002); ketamine significantly impaired driving compared to placebo (p = 0.0001). Results for the additional measures were similar to the primary end point. No new safety signals were observed for any study interventions. This first study of rapastinel effects on simulated driving found that rapastinel 900 and 1800 mg did not impair driving performance, but ketamine 0.5 mg/kg resulted in significantly impaired driving performance. Ketamine’s effects on driving were maintained for at least 105 min, indicating that clinicians should be vigilant to prevent or postpone driving in patients after ketamine treatment.
US antidumping investigations and employment adjustment in Chinese manufacturing firms
Authors: Li Tan , Xiao Wei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of antidumping (AD) investigations on the employment of firms in investigated countries. We utilized firm‐level data from China and data on the AD investigations launched against China by the United States. To measure the intensity of the AD investigations, an AD index was constructed at the industry level, which is the sum of the number of AD investigations in previous years weighted by the inverse of the year distance. We found that firms in the investigated sectors responded to AD investigations by decreasing their numbers of employees, in particular their permanent and skilled employees. Within the investigated sectors, domestic firms were found to be even more active than exporting firms in adjusting their employment practices. Moreover, exporting firms were also found to be likely to increase their investment in research and development (R&D) after AD investigations while domestic firms were found to be more likely to decrease their R&D expenditure.
Curricular peer mentoring in first‐semester German: Novice learners' perceptions of a “Language Learning Assistant” program
Authors: Gonglewski Margaret , Baker Lottie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCurricular peer mentoring is a type of peer‐assisted learning that integrates advanced students of a subject directly into beginner‐level courses to facilitate engagement and learning. This study investigates how one curricular peer mentoring program, originally developed to foster active learning in large introductory science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses, impacted students' experience in the second language (L2) classroom. First‐semester German learners' perception of their experience with “Language Learning Assistants” (LAs) was analyzed using quantitative and qualitative survey data. Results indicated students' positive response to working with Language LAs. Four overarching themes emerged regarding students' views of the LAs' role and value: LAs as relatable peers, helpers to busy professors, language resources, and cultural ambassadors. Further analysis identified students' perception of LAs' “modeling” function as serving two distinct but overlapping purposes: (1) modeling with an immediate impact on in‐class learning (“near‐term modeling”), and (2) modeling that inspires goal‐setting beyond the classroom (“long‐term modeling”).
UK survey demonstrates a wide range of impacts attributable to clinical librarian services
Authors: Divall Pip , James Cathryn , Heaton Michael , Brettle Alison 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the impact of the UK Clinical Librarian (CL) workforce and benchmark the results against a study undertaken in the North West region of the English National Health Service (NHS).MethodsAn online survey was distributed by CLs to their service users regarding literature searches that had been carried out on their behalf in the 6 months from April to October 2017. Interviews were later carried out in person with selected respondents to the questionnaires.ResultsCLs across the UK contribute to a wide range of outcomes, with 41% of search requests contributing to the choice of intervention, and 41% also to the advice offered by the clinician requester to a patient or their carer. These results are in line with the previous work undertaken in the North West.DiscussionCLs provide diverse services to clinical teams. They support the continuing professional development and personal research needs of team members, service development needs of organisations, and the information provided contributes to improved quality and safety of patient care.ConclusionThe survey confirms the findings of the earlier NW study. It demonstrates the impact of services based around literature searching on patient care.
High interobserver variability and frequent overdiagnosis of dysplasia in fundic gland polyps can be improved by detecting atypia on the surface epithelium and an abrupt transition to non‐neoplastic cells
Authors: Orr Christine E , Beneck Debra , Jessurun Jose , Qin Lihui , Tyryshkin Kathrin , Yantiss Rhonda K , Chen Yao‐Tseng 
Published: August 2021

AimsFundic gland polyps (FGPs) arise sporadically and in combination with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Criteria for distinguishing low‐grade dysplasia (LGD) from regenerative atypia in FGPs are not well established. The aims of study were to determine: (i) interobserver variability in diagnosing LGD in FGPs; (ii) bias in diagnosing LGD in FAP patients; and (iii) stringent criteria for LGD in FGPs.Methods and resultsFive senior pathologists who were blinded to the clinical history reviewed 72 FAP‐associated FGPs and 34 sporadic FGPs. Cases were classified as negative (score = 0) or positive (score = 1) for LGD. Each case was assigned a ‘combined dysplasia score’ (CDS) ranging from 0 to 5 to reflect all five opinions. Fleiss’ kappa showed only moderate interobserver agreement (κ = 0.46). Forty‐one FGPs were classified as negative for dysplasia by consensus (CDS = 0–1), including 10 (24%) originally diagnosed as LGD. In contrast, all 37 cases classified as LGD by consensus (CDS = 4–5) were originally diagnosed as LGD, indicating that overdiagnosis of dysplasia is more common than underdiagnosis (P = 0.0012). Cytological atypia in the surface epithelium and an abrupt transition between atypical and normal‐appearing epithelium were the most sensitive (97% and 100%, respectively) and specific (100% and 98%, respectively) features of dysplasia (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Very good agreement was achieved when a diagnosis of dysplasia was based on the presence of both features (κ = 0.85).ConclusionsThere is high interobserver variability and a tendency to overdiagnose LGD in FGPs. Strict criteria requiring both surface atypia and abrupt transition for LGD in FGPs result in low interobserver variability.
Reintroduced malaria in Queensland, Australia during the Second World War
Authors: Shanks George Dennis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA malaria epidemic arose in 1942 in Cairns, which was the evacuation point from the Japanese offensive in New Guinea. Health authorities made great efforts to suppress parasites in transiting soldiers and to position them south of 19°S latitude away from most vectors. Queensland experienced some scattered locally transmitted epidemics in 1943–1944 but by 1945 malaria transmission had largely been eliminated.
Negative media portrayal of palliative care: a content analysis of print media prior to the passage of Voluntary Assisted Dying legislation in Victoria
Authors: Kis‐Rigo Andrew , Collins Anna , Panozzo Stacey , Philip Jennifer 
Published: August 2021

AbstractKey misunderstandings of palliative care exist in the community, with media being reported as a key source underpinning knowledge. This retrospective media analysis of consecutive articles sought to examine the portrayal of palliative care in the Australian print media, focussing on the 2 years (2016–2018) coverage preceding the Voluntary Assisted Dying legislation in Victoria, Australia. Summative content analyses revealed coverage of palliative care was frequently (74%) in the context of a discussion of euthanasia. Only small numbers of articles described the activities of palliative care, and even fewer its potential beneficial impact, while a quarter (26%) described palliative care was inadequate to relieve suffering. These findings suggest that current coverage of palliative care in the media may contribute to negative public views and misconceptions. An opportunity exists to enhance media coverage, and in turn, improve the public understanding of care in serious illness.
14C‐Partitioning and biomass allocation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under different moisture levels during pod filling
Authors: Morales‐Elias Norma Cecilia , Martínez‐Barajas Eleazar , Bernal‐Gracida Lilia A. , García‐Esteva Antonio , Peña‐Valdivia Cecilia B. , Padilla‐Chacón Daniel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPlants modify their carbon allocation as a response to low water availability. The objective of this study was to evaluate, using a 14CO2 pulse‐chase analysis, the effect of moisture restriction on biomass production in common bean plants var. OTI. The plants were maintained with irrigation until the beginning of pods filling; then, three groups were formed, kept at 100%, 75% or 50% field capacity (FC). After 10 days, 14CO2 gas was supplied to the plants for 4 hr. The plants were harvested at 1, 3 and 7 days after applying the label. Ripe fruits imported more than 50% of the total 14C. Particularly, the label presented greater changes in pericarps of stage III of pod development. The fructose concentration doubled that of the glucose and decreased with the pod age; sucrose concentration increased in pericarps in stages III and IV of pod development in relation to those in stage II. The sucrose decrease only in stage II pericarps on day 7, as well as the starch concentration that decreased by half in the 50% FC condition. The latter coincided with the highest amylolytic activity as evaluated in native gels. These findings open new opportunities to research the carbon allocation mechanism under moisture restriction.
Implementation of an intersectoral outreach and community nursing care intervention with refugees in Quebec: A protocol study
Authors: Maillet Lara , Champagne Geneviève , Déry Johanne , Goudet Anna , Charest Stéphanie , Abou‐Malham Sabina , Desjardins France , Touati Nassera , Duhoux Arnaud , Jouego Fotso Aurelle Carole , Doré Chantal , Roy Bernard , Gagnon Suzanne , Lane Julie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo establish and assess an intersectoral local network focused on the roles of registered nurses and primary healthcare nurse practitioners to ensure the continuity of care and service pathways for refugees in Quebec.DesignDevelopmental evaluation with a mixed methodology.MethodsThe qualitative component will include: (1) a document review; (2) observations of participants during meetings of different governance structures; (3) semi‐structured interviews with key actors (n = 40; 20/neighbourhood interventions); and (4) focus groups with end users of the services (refugees) (n = 4; 6 to 8 participants per group). The quantitative component will be based on: (1) a data sheet on health and social interventions for refugees users filled in by registered nurses, primary healthcare nurse practitioners and physicians and (2) data analysis of the clinical‐administrative database since 2012. This study received funding in June 2019 and Research Ethics Committee approval was granted in July 2020.DiscussionIn Quebec, refugee vulnerability is exacerbated by the lack of integration of existing resources and the lack of access to care and continuity of services. To address these issues, an integrated local network for refugees must be developed. Additionally, we will explore the role of registered nurses and their collaboration with primary healthcare nurse practitioners.ImpactThis study will provide recommendations on how to optimize the scopes of practice of registered nurses and primary healthcare nurse practitioners, adapt care and services and develop a local intersectoral network to better meet the complex needs of refugees. It will evaluate the use and the appreciation of new services for targeted populations (neighbourhoods and refugees) and aim to improve the accessibility, continuity and user experience of all health services for those populations.