bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota: a potential target for traditional Chinese medicine intervention in coronary heart disease
Authors: Cheng Tian-Yi , Li Jia-Xin , Chen Jing-Yi , Chen Pei-Ying , Ma Lin-Rui , Zhang Gui-Lin , Yan Pei-Yu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCoronary heart disease (CHD) is a common ischaemic heart disease whose pathological mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Single target drugs, such as antiplatelet aggregation, coronary artery dilation and lipid-lowering medicines, can relieve some symptoms clinically but cannot effectively prevent and treat CHD. Accumulating evidence has revealed that alterations in GM composition, diversity, and richness are associated with the risk of CHD. The metabolites of the gut microbiota (GM), including trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs), affect human physiology by activating numerous signalling pathways. Due to the advantage of multiple components and multiple targets, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can intervene in CHD by regulating the composition of the GM, reducing TMAO, increasing SCFAs and other CHD interventions. We have searched PubMed, Web of science, Google Scholar Science Direct, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), with the use of the keywords “gut microbiota, gut flora, traditional Chinese medicine, herbal medicine, coronary heart disease”. This review investigated the relationship between GM and CHD, as well as the intervention of TCM in CHD and GM, and aims to provide valuable insights for the treatments of CHD by TCM.
Description of the molecular and clinical characteristics of the mucopolysaccharidosis type VII Iberian cohort
Authors: Gónzalez-Meneses Antonio , Pineda Mercè , Bandeira Anabela , Janeiro Patrícia , Ruiz María Ángeles , Diogo Luisa , Cancho-Candela Ramón 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (Sly syndrome) is an ultra-rare neurometabolic disorder caused by inherited deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme β-glucuronidase. Precise data regarding its epidemiology are scarce, but birth prevalence is estimated to vary from 0.02 to 0.24 per 100,000 live births. The clinical course and disease progression are widely heterogeneous, but most patients have been reported to show signs such as skeletal deformities or cognitive delay. Additionally, detection criteria are not standardized, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment.

Methods
We present a cohort of 9 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis VII diagnosed in the Iberian Peninsula, either in Spain or Portugal. The diagnostic approach, genetic studies, clinical features, evolution and treatment interventions were reviewed.

Results
We found that skeletal deformities, hip dysplasia, hydrops fetalis, hepatosplenomegaly, hernias, coarse features, respiratory issues, and cognitive and growth delay were the most common features identified in the cohort. In general, patients with early diagnostic confirmation who received the appropriate treatment in a timely manner presented a more favorable clinical evolution.

Conclusions
This case series report helps to improve understanding of this ultra-rare disease and allows to establish criteria for clinical suspicion or diagnosis, recommendations, and future directions for better management of patients with Sly syndrome.
Risk and resource factors of antisocial behaviour in children and adolescents: results of the longitudinal BELLA study
Authors: Otto Christiane , Kaman Anne , Erhart Michael , Barkmann Claus , Klasen Fionna , Schlack Robert , Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAntisocial behaviour is a common phenomenon in childhood and adolescence. Information on psychosocial risk and resource factors for antisocial behaviour are important for planning targeted prevention and early intervention programs. The current study explores risk and resource factors of antisocial behaviour in children and adolescents based on population-based longitudinal data.MethodsWe analysed longitudinal data from the German BELLA study (n= 1145; 11 to 17 year-olds) measured at three measurement points covering two years. Latent growth analysis, linear regression models and structural equation modelling were used to explore cross-sectional and longitudinal data.ResultsBased on baseline data, we found that stronger self-efficacy and worse family climate were each related to stronger antisocial behaviour. Longitudinal data revealed that more severe parental mental health problems, worse family climate at baseline, deteriorating family climate over time, and more social support were each associated with increasing antisocial behaviour over time. We further found a moderating effect for family climate.ConclusionsOur study provides important exploratory results on psychosocial risk, resource and protective factors in the context of antisocial behaviour in children and adolescents, which need confirmation by future research. Our exploratory results point in the direction that family-based interventions for antisocial behavior in children and adolescents may benefit from considering the family climate.
Predicted Cure and Survival Among Transplant Recipients With a Previous Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Engels Eric A. , Haber Gregory , Hart Allyson , Lynch Charles F. , Li Jie , Pawlish Karen S. , Qiao Baozhen , Yu Kelly J. , Pfeiffer Ruth M. 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE A previous cancer diagnosis is a negative consideration in evaluating patients for possible solid organ transplantation. Statistical models may improve selection of patients with cancer evaluated for transplantation. METHODS We fitted statistical cure models for patients with cancer in the US general population using data from 13 cancer registries. Patients subsequently undergoing solid organ transplantation were identified through the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. We estimated cure probabilities at diagnosis (for all patients with cancer) and transplantation (transplanted patients). We used Cox regression to assess associations of cure probability at transplantation with subsequent cancer-specific mortality. RESULTS Among 10,524,326 patients with 17 cancer types in the general population, the median cure probability at diagnosis was 62%. Of these patients, 5,425 (0.05%) subsequently underwent solid organ transplantation and their median cure probability at transplantation was 94% (interquartile range, 86%-98%). Compared with the tertile of transplanted patients with highest cure probability, those in the lowest tertile more frequently had lung or breast cancers and less frequently colorectal, testicular, or thyroid cancers; more frequently had advanced-stage cancer; were older (median 57 v 51 years); and were transplanted sooner after cancer diagnosis (median 3.6 v 8.6 years). Patients in the low-cure probability tertile had increased cancer-specific mortality after transplantation (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.48 to 2.93; v the high tertile), whereas those in the middle tertile did not differ. CONCLUSION Patients with cancer who underwent solid organ transplantation exhibited high cure probabilities, reflecting selection on the basis of existing guidelines and clinical judgment. Nonetheless, there was a range of cure probabilities among transplanted patients and low probability predicted increased cancer-specific mortality after transplantation. Cure probabilities may facilitate guideline development and evaluating individual patients for transplantation.
The First Derivative of the Electroencephalogram Facilitates Tracking of Electroencephalographic Alpha Band Activity During General Anesthesia
Authors: Obert David P. , Hight Darren , Sleigh Jamie , Kaiser Heiko A. , García Paul S. , Schneider Gerhard , Kreuzer Matthias 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:
Intraoperative neuromonitoring can help to navigate anesthesia. Pronounced alpha oscillations in the frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) appear to predict favorable perioperative neurocognitive outcomes and may also provide a measure of intraoperative antinociception. Monitoring the presence and strength of these alpha oscillations can be challenging, especially in elderly patients, because the EEG in these patients may be dominated by oscillations in other frequencies. Hence, the information regarding alpha oscillatory activity may be hidden and hard to visualize on a screen. Therefore, we developed an effective approach to improve the detection and presentation of alpha activity in the perioperative setting.

METHODS:
We analyzed EEG records of 180 patients with a median age of 60 years (range, 18–90 years) undergoing noncardiac, nonneurologic surgery under general anesthesia with propofol induction and sevoflurane maintenance. We calculated the power spectral density (PSD) for the unprocessed EEG as well as for the time-discrete first derivative of the EEG (diffPSD) from 10-second epochs. Based on these data, we estimated the power-law coefficient κ of the PSD and diffPSD, as the EEG coarsely follows a 1/fκ
distribution when displayed in double logarithmic coordinates. In addition, we calculated the alpha (7.8–12.1 Hz) to delta (0.4–4.3 Hz) ratio from the PSD as well as diffPSD.

RESULTS:
The median κ was 0.899 [first and third quartile: 0.786, 0.986] for the unaltered PSD, and κ = −0.092 [−0.202, −0.013] for the diffPSD, corresponding to an almost horizontal PSD of the differentiated EEG. The alpha-to-delta ratio of the diffPSD was strongly increased (median ratio = −8.0 dB [−10.5, −4.7 dB] for the unaltered PSD versus 30.1 dB [26.1, 33.8 dB] for the diffPSD). A strong narrowband oscillatory alpha power component (>20% of total alpha power) was detected in 23% using PSD, but in 96% of the diffPSD.

CONCLUSIONS:
We demonstrated that the calculation of the diffPSD from the time-discrete derivative of the intraoperative frontal EEG is a straightforward approach to improve the detection of alpha activity by eliminating the broadband background noise. This improvement in alpha peak detection and visualization could facilitate the guidance of general anesthesia and improve patient outcome.
Empires of Xolotl: Two Opening Compositions of the Codex Xolotl
Authors: Offner Jerome A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOnly one of two opening compositions in the Codex Xolotl has been recognized. The conventional version shows the entry of Xolotl, Nopaltzin, and six lesser rulers into the Basin of Mexico from near Tula, Hidalgo, followed by settlement at Xoloc and later a place that will become Tenayuca. The manuscript’s two larger fragments, assembled correctly for the first time, show Xolotl and Nopaltzin observing and moving across a more settled eastern basin into regions to the south ranging from Puebla to Morelos, notably including Cuernavaca. At the same time, they and their six followers are shown settled among caves in the western basin around the future Tenayuca. The two Chichimecs attract fellow Chichimecs from the Cuernavaca region to the Tepetlaoztoc region and trouble ensues. These two realizations of a Chichimec vision of empire are well recorded by the remarkable Aztec graphic communication system. Its portrayal of changes to different ways of life over the centuries reveals an interplay of an oral gathering and hunting culture with a settled society, recording the Chichimec experience and their own way of life with their combined oral and graphic system. Elements of the Chichimecs’ visions of empire endure throughout the Codex Xolotl as its messaging power shines across the contact period and into early colonial times.
Cellular senescence limits translational readthrough
Authors: del Toro Neylen , Lessard Frédéric , Bouchard Jacob , Mobasheri Nasrin , Guillon Jordan , Igelmann Sebastian , Tardif Sarah , Buffard Tony , Bourdeau Véronique , Brakier-Gingras Léa , Ferbeyre Gerardo 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The origin and evolution of cancer cells is considered to be mainly fueled by DNA mutations. Although translation errors could also expand the cellular proteome, their role in cancer biology remains poorly understood. Tumor suppressors called caretakers block cancer initiation and progression by preventing DNA mutations and/or stimulating DNA repair. If translational errors contribute to tumorigenesis, then caretaker genes should prevent such errors in normal cells in response to oncogenic stimuli. Here, we show that the process of cellular senescence induced by oncogenes, tumor suppressors or chemotherapeutic drugs is associated with a reduction in translational readthrough (TR) measured using reporters containing termination codons withing the context of both normal translation termination or programmed TR. Senescence reduced both basal TR and TR stimulated by aminoglycosides. Mechanistically, the reduction of TR during senescence is controlled by the RB tumor suppressor pathway. Cells that escape from cellular senescence either induced by oncogenes or chemotherapy have an increased TR. Also, breast cancer cells that escape from therapy-induced senescence express high levels of AGO1x, a TR isoform of AGO1 linked to breast cancer progression. We propose that senescence and the RB pathway reduce TR limiting proteome diversity and the expression of TR proteins required for cancer cell proliferation.
Breastfeeding assessment tools for at-risk and malnourished infants aged under 6 months old: a systematic review
Authors: Brugaletta Concetta , Le Roch Karine , Saxton Jennifer , Bizouerne Cécile , McGrath Marie , Kerac Marko 
Published: October 2021

Background: Many small and malnourished infants under 6 months of age have problems with breastfeeding and restoring effective exclusive breastfeeding is a common treatment goal. Assessment is a critical first step of case management, but most malnutrition guidelines do not specify how best to do this. We aimed to identify breastfeeding assessment tools for use in assessing at-risk and malnourished infants in resource-poor settings. Methods: We systematically searched: Medline and Embase; Web of Knowledge; Cochrane Reviews; Eldis and Google Scholar databases. Also the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), CAse REport guidelines, Emergency Nutrition Network, and Field Exchange websites. Assessment tool content was analysed using a framework describing breastfeeding ‘domains’ (baby’s behaviour; mother’s behaviour; position; latching; effective feeding; breast health; baby’s health; mother’s view of feed; number, timing and length of feeds). Results: We identified 29 breastfeeding assessment tools and 45 validation studies. Eight tools had not been validated. Evidence underpinning most tools was low quality and mainly from high-income countries and hospital settings. The most comprehensive tools were the Breastfeeding, Evaluation and Education Tool, UNICEF Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative tools and CARE training package. The tool with the strongest evidence was the WHO/UNICEF B-R-E-A-S-T-Feed Observation Form. Conclusions: Despite many possible tools, there is currently no one gold standard. For assessing malnourished infants in resource-poor settings, UNICEF Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative tools, Module IFE and the WHO/UNICEF B-R-E-A-S-T-Feed Observation Form are the best available tools but could be improved by adding questions from other tools. Allowing for context, one tool for rapid community-based assessment plus a more detailed one for clinic/hospital assessment might help optimally identify breastfeeding problems and the support required. Further research is important to refine existing tools and develop new ones. Rigorous testing, especially against outcomes such as breastfeeding status and growth, is key.
Case Report: The resiliency journey of a Vietnamese female sexual abuse survivor: an exploration in life history
Authors: Giang Thien-Vu , Le Duy-Hung , Nguyen Thanh-Huan , Huynh Van-Son , Nguyen-Thi Diem-My 
Published: October 2021

Currently, the studies on sexual abuse trauma, and resilience in Confucian survivors are still limited. The purpose of this study is to explore the resilience of Confucian women after sexual abuse trauma to provide evidence to support in counseling and psychotherapy practices. The article describes the resiliency story of a Vietnamese Confucian female survivor who was abused by her brother from the age of 8 to 16. The life history approach used in qualitative narrative research was applied in this study. The researcher identified two factors that strongly influence the survivor’s resilience: (1) the effectiveness of passive education in the general education curriculum is oriented to both competence and quality development; and (2) an authentic understanding of the core Confucian philosophical doctrine: the neutrality and the self-nurture. Based on the findings, we propose a 7-stage flow diagram of a Confucian women's resilience following sexual abuse. These findings provide important evidence-based practice for counselors and clinicians in supporting and intervening for sexually abused Confucian women and contribute to the impact of studies on religious and spiritual factors affecting the resilience of sexual abuse survivors.
Prospective cohort study of the predictive value of inflammatory biomarkers over clinical variables in children and young people with cancer presenting with fever and neutropenia
Authors: Phillips Bob 
Published: October 2021

Introduction Fever during chemotherapy induced neutropenia is a common and potentially life-threatening complication of the treatment of childhood cancer. Predictions of poor outcome could be enhanced by incorporating serum biomarkers of inflammation at presentation and reassessment. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted of children under 18 years old, being treated for cancer or a cancer-like condition, who presented with fever (≥ 38.0°C) and neutropenia (neutrophil count < 0.5*109/L). Clinical features were recorded, along with three experimental inflammatory biomarkers: procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Outcomes included serious medical complications (SMC): any infection related mortality, critical care and organ support, severe sepsis, septic shock, significant microbiologically defined infection, or radiologically confirmed pneumonia. Results Biomarker assessments were undertaken in 43 episodes of fever and neutropenia, from 31 patients aged between four months and 17 years old (median six years): 20 were female and 22 had acute leukaemia. Five episodes of SMC were noted. PCT, IL-6 and IL-8 had poor individual discriminatory ability (C-statistic 0.48 to 0.60) and did not add to the value of clinical risk stratification tools. Insufficient data were collected to formally assess the value of repeated assessments. Conclusions Incorporating serum biomarkers of inflammation at presentation of episodes of fever with neutropenia in childhood does not clearly improve risk stratification. Repeated assessments over time may be of value.
Platypnoea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome in COVID-19
Authors: Salvotti Francesca , Poiatti Francesco , Bressa Stefano , Montani Giovanni , Nardin Matteo , Rizzoni Damiano 
Published: October 2021

Platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is a rare disorder and its pathophysiology has puzzled clinicians for years. Few cases of POS are described in COVID-19 patients in the literature, with a high variability of conditions related to the syndrome. In this article, we report the case of a patient admitted to our hospital for SARS-CoV-2 interstitial pneumonia, who developed POS during the hospitalization.
Electronic cigarette use among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria: Prevalence, associated factors and patterns of use
Authors: Erinoso Olufemi , Oyapero Afolabi , Amure Mary , Osoba Moyosoore , Osibogun Olatokunbo , Wright Kikelomo , Osibogun Akin 
Published: October 2021

Background
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have emerged in the Nigerian market, and if used without supervision, may have damaging effects on the physical and mental health of users. Therefore, there is a need to determine the patterns of use, especially among adolescents and young adults. This study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with electronic cigarette use, as well as the relationship between their use and anxiety among adolescents and young adults in Lagos, Nigeria.

Method
An online cross-sectional study among participants aged between 15–35 years. The survey had three sections: sociodemographic information, the pattern of e-cigarette use, and a 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with e-cigarette use. P-values <0.05 were considered significant. Statistical analysis was done using STATA-15.0 software.

Results
Data from a total of 949 respondents was analysed. Participants had a mean age of 23.36 years (±3.97) and were predominantly female (55.64%). The prevalence of e-cigarette ever-use was 7.9% (95% CI: 5.8,10.0). Older age and being male were independently associated with higher odds of e-cigarette use. After adjusting for age and sex, alcohol use (p<0.001), friend’s use (p<0.001), and other tobacco product or substance use (p:0.05) remained significantly associated with higher odds of e-cigarette use. There was no association between anxiety levels and e-cigarette use.

Conclusion
These findings suggest a higher likelihood of e-cigarette use among alcohol consumers, poly-tobacco or substance users and individuals with friends who use e-cigarettes. Health providers and policy makers in Nigeria might consider preventive measures aimed at young adults with the identified risk factors, as well as close monitoring of trends in e-cigarette use in the coming years.
Corrosion-related failures in heat exchangers
Authors: Ali Murad , Ul-Hamid Anwar , Khan Tayyab , Bake Abdulhakim , Butt Haider , Bamidele Olufemi Eyitope , Saeed Aamer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Corrosion is the primary cause of failure of heat exchangers in industry, especially in the oil and petrochemical sector. The modes of failure related to corrosion include erosion corrosion, pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, grain boundary corrosion, dealloying, galvanic corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, waterside corrosion, uniform corrosion, and microbially induced corrosion. Primary causes of corrosion-related failures were found to be fabrication and welding defects, presence of residual stresses, inappropriate materials selection and design, improper water chemistry/flow and poor choice of filters, presence of corrosive species such Cl−, Sx−, O2, NH4
+ in water, nonadherence to recommended operating conditions, and noncompliance with standard practices during the shutdown. This article is a review covering only corrosion-related failures in heat exchangers.
Corrosion performance of a corrosion-resistant rail steel in the simulated subsea tunnel environment
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhu Min , Cai Feng , Liu Man , Su Xue , Xu Guang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The corrosion performance of a newly developed corrosion-resistant rail steel (U68CuCr) was investigated and compared with that of a normally used high-speed rail steel (U71MnG) by neutral salt spray tests, electrochemical tests, X-ray diffraction analyses, and the scanning vibrating electrode technique. It was found that the weight loss and corrosion rate of U68CuCr were lower than those of U71MnG under the same corrosion conditions. In addition, due to the influence of alloying elements (copper and chromium) in U68CuCr, the rust layer was thicker and denser, resulting in a stronger protective effect. Moreover, U68CuCr had a higher corrosion potential in electrochemical tests. Finally, the dynamic corrosion process of U68CuCr in 2.2% NaCl solution mainly followed a lateral extension of corrosion. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of U68CuCr was better than that of U71MnG in the subsea tunnel environment.