bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the applicability of different viscoelasticity constitutive models in bamboo scrimber short-term tensile creep property research
Authors: Songsong Sun , Maosong Wan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Bamboo scrimber is a new natural fiber-reinforced composite material in modern industry. In this paper, the tensile creep characteristics of this material were chosen as the object of the study. First, axial tensile fracture experiments were conducted on different test specimens to determine the corresponding strength data. Then six sets of standard tensile creep experiments were conducted under different given stress levels. Finally, the Maxwell constitutive model was applied in fitting the relationship between strain and time. The results showed that the traditional Maxwell viscoelasticity constitutive model will result in some errors in the fitting results, while the combined fractional and Maxwell model can provide much higher accuracy in this study, thus it is more suitable for engineering applications. This paper provides a solid foundation for a better understanding of the mechanism of the bamboo scrimber creep behavior.
Acromegaly with empty sella syndrome
Authors: Daya Reyna , Seedat Faheem , Purbhoo Khushica , Bulbulia Saajidah , Bayat Zaheer 
Published: July 2021

Summary
Acromegaly is a rare, chronic progressive disorder with characteristic clinical features caused by persistent hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH), mostly from a pituitary adenoma (95%). Occasionally, ectopic production of GH or growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) with resultant GH hypersecretion may lead to acromegaly. Sometimes localizing the source of GH hypersecretion may prove difficult. Rarely, acromegaly has been found in patients with an empty sella (ES) secondary to prior pituitary radiation and/or surgery. However, acromegaly in patients with primary empty sella (PES) is exceeding rarely and has only been described in a few cases. We describe a 47-year-old male who presented with overt features of acromegaly (macroglossia, prognathism, increased hand and feet size). Biochemically, both the serum GH (21.6 μg/L) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (635 μg/L) were elevated. In addition, there was a paradoxical elevation of GH following a 75 g oral glucose load. Pituitary MRI demonstrated an ES. In order to exclude an ectopic source of GH hypersecretion, further biochemical tests and imaging were done, which were unremarkable. Notably, increased uptake in the sella turcica on the 68Gallium DOTATATE PET/CT confirmed the ES as the likely source of GH secretion. As no overt lesion was noted, medical treatment (octreotide acetate) was initiated with a good clinical and biochemical response. At his 3 month follow-up, he reported an improvement in symptoms (fatigue and headache), however he still complained of low libido. Due to a persistently low testosterone level at follow-up, a long-acting testosterone was initiated. His GH level normalised, and IGF-1 has significantly reduced.

Learning points

The commonest cause of acromegaly is due to GH hypersecretion from pituitary adenomas (95%).

Acromegaly has rarely been found in patients with ES.

It is important to exclude a past history suggestive of pituitary apoplexy.

Extra-pituitary source of GH such as ectopic production of GHRH with resultant GH hypersecretion needs to be excluded.

In such cases, since there is no resectable mass, medical therapy is the primary treatment option.
La teoría del reconocimiento de Axel Honneth: un bosquejo moral de las formas de menosprecio social
Authors: Espiter Villa Víctor Manuel 
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se establecen los criterios conceptuales que le permiten a Honneth dilucidar la idea de la reificación como un olvido de reconocimiento manifestado en formas de menosprecio que, al develar el sometimiento de individuos a situaciones la violencia, desposesión de derechos y deshonra, conducen hacia la necesidad de emprender una lucha por el reconocimiento que, enmarcado en unos horizontes morales de carácter normativos, conlleven la praxis del amor, el derecho y la solidaridad como esferas imprescindible para lograr la resignificación humana.
Harnessing autocatalytic reactions in polymerization and depolymerization
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Liu Zening , Lokitz Brad , Chen Jihua , Carrillo Jan-Michael , Jakowski Jacek , Collier C. Patrick , Retterer Scott , Advincula Rigoberto 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Autocatalysis and its relevance to various polymeric systems are discussed by taking inspiration from biology. A number of research directions related to synthesis, characterization, and multi-scale modeling are discussed in order to harness autocatalytic reactions in a useful manner for different applications ranging from chemical upcycling of polymers (depolymerization and reconstruction after depolymerization), self-generating micelles and vesicles, and polymer membranes. Overall, a concerted effort involving in situ experiments, multi-scale modeling, and machine learning algorithms is proposed to understand the mechanisms of physical and chemical autocatalysis. It is argued that a control of the autocatalytic behavior in polymeric systems can revolutionize areas such as kinetic control of the self-assembly of polymeric materials, synthesis of self-healing and self-immolative polymers, as next generation of materials for a sustainable circular economy.

Graphic Abstract
Моделювання процесів теплообміну в мікромеханічних перетворювачах на основі добавок наночасток графена
Authors: Черниш Б.Б. , Артеменко С.В. 
Published: July 2021

Вивчення термодинамічних та електричних властивостей міктомеханічних перетворювачів дає змогу краще зрозуміти за якими принципами відбуваються процеси в наноматеріалах, та за допомогою яких комбінацій послідовності дій можливо впливати на ці процеси. Основою мікромеханічного сенсорів є вбудовані наноструктуровані матеріали, які являються основою в якості нових матеріалів що мають задані властивості. Види генеалогічного дерева графена: графіт – багатошаровий графен, фуллерен (C60) – упакований графен, вуглецеві нанотрубки (CNT) – згорнутий графен, при додавані до струмопровідних полімерів сворюють нові мателіали з певними властивостями які потрібно дослідити. Запропоновано алгоритм розрахунку термодинамічних властивостей середовищ на основі рівняння стану NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technologies) при різних концентраціях наночасток графена що змішуються з струмопровідним полімером Pedot:PSS. Проведені розрахунки показали, що більшим значенням теплопровідності відповідають нижчі максимальні температури графенового шару, а збільшення потужності теплового потоку призводить до збільшення максимальної температури. Наведено термодинамічні властивості розчину карбонових нанотрубок зі струмопровідним полімером. Запропоновані регулярні та сингулярні частини термодинамічної поверхні референтної рідини та нанофлюїду (концентрація наночастинок у кількості < 3 % у зведеному вигляді). Розглянуто альтернативний підхід до інтенсифікації теплообміну на основі концепції нанофлюїдів, тобто модифікації властивостей базисної сполуки за рахунок наноструктур. Теоретично передбачено резистивну залежність від температури. Описано результати розрахунків фазової рівноваги для флюїдних сполук. Показано, що виробництво наноребер є однією з найбільш актуальних проблем застосування нанотехнологій в теплоенергетиці
Super‐refractory status epilepticus in autoimmune encephalitis treated with interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist, anakinra
Authors: Choi Chun‐ho , Ma Sze‐ho , Ma Karen KY. , Leung Howan , Mok Vincent CT. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAutoimmune encephalitis is increasingly recognised as a major cause of new‐onset refractory status epilepticus. Early immunotherapy with agents such as methylprednisolone is recommended. Anakinra is an interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist used for various inflammatory disorders. It has been used successfully in the treatment of febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome in children and in one adult case. In this case report, we describe a case of super‐refractory status epilepticus in a 38‐year‐old female due to autoimmune encephalitis who was treated successfully with anakinra after 16 weeks of therapeutic coma and failing multiple immunotherapies. Despite a prolonged period of therapeutic coma, this patient made a reasonable recovery with effective communication and ability to walk with assistance upon discharge. We propose that the successful treatment with anakinra in our case could be due to elevated inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of autoimmune encephalitis, although we acknowledge that interleukin levels were unfortunately not available. We conclude that anakinra can be a valuable alternative option in patients with autoimmune encephalitis refractory to conventional immunotherapies.
momHealth: A Feasibility Study of a Multi-behavioral Health Intervention for Pregnant and Parenting Adolescent Mothers
Authors: Wambach Karen , Davis Ann , Nelson Eve Lynn , Snow Kelli , Yungmeyer Annie , Muzzy Rachel , Romero Karman , Murray Megan 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. In 2016, 209,809 babies were born to mothers 15 -19 years of age, for a live birth rate of 20.3 per 1,000 in this age group. Many health issues surround adolescent mothers and their infants, many which can be addressed through behavioral change. We examined feasibility and acceptability of momHealth, a Multiple Health Behavior Change (MHBC) intervention focused on breastfeeding, healthy eating/active living, and depression prevention among pregnant and parenting adolescents.
Methods. We used a one-group quasi-experimental longitudinal design. Nine iPad-delivered education modules, text messaging, and virtual group and individual support were provided for 12 weeks, beginning at 32 weeks of pregnancy with follow-up to 3 months postpartum. Data were collected at three home visits and ten postpartum weekly and biweekly online surveys.
Results. Although recruitment and attrition presented challenges, six participants enrolled; all were pregnant with their first child, single, and had a mean age of 17.7 years (SD = 1.4). Intervention participation ranged from 59% to 91% for intervention components and three peer support groups were held. Intervention feasibility was supported by reports of clear and relevant content, reasonable time burden, iPad ease of use, and acceptable intervention length. Data collection was reported as convenient and non-burdensome, but diet recalls and activity monitoring challenged some.
Conclusions. This was the first MHBC research in adolescent pregnant women to improve breastfeeding outcomes, healthy eating/active living, and depression prevention. Findings demonstrated strengths and challenges of the interventions and methods, support feasibility and acceptability of momhealth, and informed a pilot randomized trial.
Экологическая политика и гражданское участие в российских мегаполисах: достижения и вызовы с позиции городских стейкхолдеров
Authors: Ермолаева Полина , Башева Ольга , Корунова Валерия 
Published: July 2021

В статье на материалах анализа документов, серии экспертных интервью c разными городскими стейкхолдерами (N=60), репрезентативного опроса населения городов Москвы и Казани (N=1500) раскрываются основные сложности и достижения экологической политики в крупных российских мегаполисах в мнениях различных городских групп. Внимание уделяется особенностям экологического гражданского участия и взаимодействия городских стейкхолдеров в экологической политике мегаполисов. Использование иммитационного подхода позволило проанализировать экологическую политику как серию симулякров: городские элиты симулируют вовлечение населения в городскую повестку, горожане – заинтересованность в такой деятельности. Анализ показал, что несмотря на усиление экологического компонента в стратегических целях развития российских городов, на практике проводимая политика обеспечивает лишь поверхностное улучшение экологической обстановки. Основная проблема в городах заключается в неоднозначности положений экологического законодательства, в неорганизованности межведомственного взаимодействия уполномоченных органов при принятии и реализации управленческих решений, а также в почти полном исключении из этого процесса профессиональных экологов и представителей общественности. При этом мнения московских экспертов по вопросу их включения в принятие экологических решений разделились: одни считают, что экологи не участвуют в данном процессе, а другие, наоборот, – что все решения проходят их экспертную оценку. По мнению группы скептиков, их роль в экологической политике городов, а также весь процесс организации гражданского участия имеет символический перформативный характер и является срежиссированным политическими элитами. Симуляция гражданской вовлеченности в экологическую политику городов воспроизводит скептицизм, апатию и недоверие городских групп к публичной политике властей. На основе результатов исследования авторы приводят рекомендации по повышению эффективности экологической политики в городах и вовлечению различных групп населения в процесс принятия решений по социально-экологическим вопросам.
Seismic and Geodetic Analysis of Rupture Characteristics of the 2020 Mw 6.5 Monte Cristo Range, Nevada, Earthquake
Authors: Liu Chengli , Lay Thorne , Pollitz Fred F. , Xu Jiao , Xiong Xiong 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThe largest earthquake since 1954 to strike the state of Nevada, United States, ruptured on 15 May 2020 along the Monte Cristo range of west-central Nevada. The Mw 6.5 event involved predominantly left-lateral strike-slip faulting with minor normal components on three aligned east–west-trending faults that vary in strike by 23°. The kinematic rupture process is determined by joint inversion of Global Navigation Satellite Systems displacements, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data, regional strong motions, and teleseismic P and SH waves, with the three-fault geometry being constrained by InSAR surface deformation observations, surface ruptures, and relocated aftershock distributions. The average rupture velocity is 1.5  km/s, with a peak slip of ∼1.6  m and a ∼20  s rupture duration. The seismic moment is 6.9×1018  N·m. Complex surface deformation is observed near the fault junction, with a deep near-vertical fault and a southeast-dipping fault at shallow depth on the western segment, along which normal-faulting aftershocks are observed. There is a shallow slip deficit in the Nevada ruptures, probably due to the immature fault system. The causative faults had not been previously identified and are located near the transition from the Walker Lane belt to the Basin and Range province. The east–west geometry of the system is consistent with the eastward extension of the Mina Deflection of the Walker Lane north of the White Mountains.
Measurement of Surface-Wave Phase-Velocity Dispersion on Mixed Inertial Seismometer – Distributed Acoustic Sensing Seismic Noise Cross-Correlations
Authors: Nayak Avinash , Ajo-Franklin Jonathan ,   The Imperial Valley Dark Fiber Team
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThe application of ambient seismic noise cross-correlation to distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data recorded by subsurface fiber-optic cables has revolutionized our ability to obtain high-resolution seismic images of the shallow subsurface. However, passive surface-wave imaging using DAS arrays is often restricted to Rayleigh-wave imaging and 2D imaging along straight segments of DAS arrays due to the intrinsic sensitivity of DAS being limited to axial strain along the cable for the most common type of fiber. We develop the concept of estimating empirical surface waves from mixed-sensor cross-correlation of velocity noise recorded by three-component seismometers and strain-rate noise recorded by DAS arrays. Using conceptual arguments and synthetic tests, we demonstrate that these cross-correlations converge to empirical surface-wave axial strain response at the DAS arrays for virtual single step forces applied at the seismometers. Rotating the three orthogonal components of the seismometer to a tangential–radial–vertical reference frame with respect to each DAS channel permits separate analysis of Rayleigh waves and Love waves for a medium that is sufficiently close to 1D and isotropic. We also develop and validate expressions that facilitate the measurement of surface-wave phase velocity on these noise cross-correlations at far-field distances using frequency–time analysis. These expressions can also be used for DAS surface-wave records of active sources at local distances. We demonstrate the recovery of both Rayleigh waves and Love waves in noise cross-correlations derived from a dark fiber DAS array in the Sacramento basin, northern California, and nearby permanent seismic stations at frequencies ∼0.1–0.2  Hz, up to distances of ∼80  km. The phase-velocity dispersion measured on these noise cross-correlations are consistent with those measured on traditional noise cross-correlations for seismometer pairs. Our results extend the application of DAS to 3D ambient noise Rayleigh-wave and Love-wave tomography using seismometers surrounding a DAS array.
A note concerning the sense of the first P motion for the Montana earthquake of August 18, 1959
Authors: Nuttli Otto 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
The short- and long-period seismograms at both St. Louis and Florissant appear to indicate an opposite sense of the first P motion for the Montana earthquake of August 18, 1959. The P motions are impulsive and seem to arrive simultaneously on both the short- and long-period seismograms.
In order to avoid any doubt about the relation between trace and ground displacements, seismograms of the earthquake of August 26, 1959, are reproduced. The first P motion is impulsive, and shows the same sense on both the short- and long-period seismograms.
A field report on the Alaska earthquakes of April 7, 1958
Authors: Davis T. Neil 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThe Alaska earthquake at 0530 on April 7, 1958 (150° WMT) was the largest (Richter scale 7−712) of a series of shocks centered in an area near Huslia, Alaska. The field epicenter located at 65° 45'N, 155° 45'W lies in the Koyukuk Basin where arrested sand dune deposits cover a part of the near-level alluvium deposited by the Koyukuk River. Extensive fracturing occurred in the lake and river ice in the epicentral area and the sand dune deposits were heavily fissured. The most severe damage occurred in a zone approximately 10 miles wide by 40 miles long trending northeast from Huslia. Associated with the sand dunes in this zone were large deposits of silt and sand which flowed to the surface from the alluvium beneath the dunes. Because of the distinctive characteristics of these flows they have been termed sand flows to distinguish them from mud flows and sand blows. Associated with the sand flows were surface collapses resulting in near-conical pits as much as 30 feet deep and up to 120 feet in diameter. The earthquakes caused little monetary damage, although the main shock registered a Modified Mercalli intensity V or more over an area in excess of 100,000 square miles.
Checking the performance of electrodynamic seismometers
Authors: Peterson P. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
The performance of electrodynamic seismometers slowly deteriorates as the magnets age and the hinges become strained. This deterioration can be determined by the extremely simple measurement of the d.c. sensitivities of the seismometer and galvanometer and the change in the theoretical synchronous magnification can be calculated.
A comparison of some S-wave studies of earthquake mechanisms
Authors: Stauder William , W. M. Adams 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Graphical and analytical techniques for using S-waves in focal mechanism studies are compared. In previous applications the analytical technique has shown little or no agreement with the results of fault-plane solutions from P-waves, whereas for other groups of earthquakes the graphical methods have shown good agreement between the S-waves and the P-wave solutions. It is shown that the graphical and analytical techniques are identical in principle and that when the graphical methods are applied to the same three earthquakes to which the analytical technique had been applied the identical results are obtained.
Closer examination of the graphical presentation of the data, however, shows that the disagreement between the S-waves and the fault plane solutions from P is largely apparent. The discrepancy follows upon the peculiar scatter in the S-wave data and the chance occurrence of observations of S at stations located along closely parallel planes of polarization of S. Once this is understood, it is seen that the direction of polarization of S-waves is in substantial agreement with the methods of analysis of focal mechanisms from P-waves, and that the data are consistent with a simple dipole as the point model of the earthquake focus.
Crustal structure of the Andes from Rayleigh wave dispersion
Authors: Cisternas Armando 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Records from a Benioff short-period seismograph located at Huancayo, Peru, are digitalized and then passed through a low-pass filter to get the long-period waves. In this way the dispersion curves of Rayleigh waves for paths along the Andes can be computed from seismograms which otherwise would be unusable. The comparison with the empirical curve for a “normal” continental crust (Press 1960) and with specially computed theoretical models indicates a crustal thickness of the order of 50 km. For periods between 20 and 25 sec., the observed group velocity shows abnormally low values.
A fast, convenient program for computation of surface-wave dispersion curves in multilayered media
Authors: Press Frank , Harkrider David , Seafeldt C. A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Surface wave analysis has become an important tool for exploration of crustal and mantle structure. The need exists for fast, convenient digital computer programs for computing theoretical dispersion curves and displacements for Rayleigh waves and Love waves. One such program for an IBM 7090 computer is described and made available to the scientific community. Among the conveniences are mail-order service, high speed, and choice of many options.
A digital seismograph system for measuring earth noise
Authors: Haubrich R. A. , Iyer H. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A digitally recording seismograph station has been installed to record and study earth noise in the frequency range of 0.01 to 1 cps. The system is capable of recording four channels of information plus time on paper tape at sample rates of up to three times per second with a dynamic range of 90 db. Preliminary analyses of the digital records show that the spectral peak between 0.1 and 0.2 cps exhibits properties consistent with Rayleigh waves arriving from the southwest mixed with isotropic noise.
Attenuation of dispersed wave trains
Authors: Brune James N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
It is shown that groups of seismic waves are attenuated by the factor exp −exp⁡−πXQUT where X is the distance, U the group velocity, T the period and Q−1 is a measure of the damping of free oscillations. Accordingly, observations of Q given by Ewing and Press (1954 a, b) and Sato (1958) are revised by the ratio of the phase velocity to the group velocity.