bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen Availability and Use Efficiency in Wheat Crop as Influenced by the Organic-Input Quality Under Major Integrated Nutrient Management Systems
Authors: Bhardwaj Ajay K. , Rajwar Deepika , Yadav Rajender K. , Chaudhari Suresh K. , Sharma Dinesh K. 
Published: May 2021

PurposeOne of the serious constraints for the integration of organics in soil fertility plans is the release and availability of nitrogen (N) to match the critical growth stages of a crop. The interplay between organic amendment characteristics and soil moisture conditions can significantly affect the nutrient release and availability, especially for dryland crops like wheat. In this study, the effects of integrated nutrient management strategies using diverse qualities of organic amendments on daily N mineralization and its availability to plants during the full growing season of the wheat crop were analyzed in a 10-year experiment.MethodsThe management included (1) F, inorganic fertilizers at 100% rate, compared to a reduced rate of inorganic fertilizers (55% N) supplemented with organic inputs via (2) GM, green manuring, (3) LE, legume cropping and its biomass recycling, (4) WS, wheat stubble retention, (5) RS, rice stubble retention, and (6) FYM, farmyard manure application, during the preceding rice season. Ion exchange resin (IER) membrane strips were used as plant root simulators to determine daily NH4+-N and NO3–-N availability in soil solution during the full wheat growing period.ResultsTotal available N for the full season was in the following order: GM (962 μg cm–2) &gt; F (878 μg cm–2) &gt; LE (872 μg cm–2) &gt; FYM (865 μg cm–2) &gt; RS (687 μg cm–2) &gt; WS (649 μg cm–2). No significant differences were observed in NH4+-N availability throughout the cropping period as compared to NO3–-N which showed significant differences among management at critical crop growth stages.ConclusionLegume biomass incorporation (GM, LE) and farmyard manure (FYM) based management provided the most consistent supply equivalent to or even exceeding 100% inorganic fertilizers at several critical stages of growth, especially at tillering and stem elongation. Integration of organics in management increased nitrogen use efficiency 1.3–2.0 times, with cereal crop residue-based management having the highest efficiency followed by legume biomass incorporation.
Predictors of Health Seeking Behaviours for Common Childhood Illnesses in Poor Resource Settings in Zambia, A Community Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Apuleni Golden , Jacobs Choolwe , Musonda Patrick 
Published: May 2021

Background: Developing countries, including Zambia, account for larger share of child morbidities and mortalities due to common childhood illnesses. Studies on wider determinants of behaviour pertaining to treatment seeking for childhood febrile illnesses in poor resource settings are limited. This study investigated health seeking behaviours of mothers in poor resource settings of Zambia and identified associated factors.Methods: Secondary data from a community cross sectional study design from the Health for the Poorest Population (HPP) Project was analysed between March and May 2019. Data was collected between May and August, 2013. It was collected by means of administering a structured questionnaire from the mothers of under-five children. The survey took place in Samfya and Chiengi of Luapula province while in Northern Province, Luwingu and Mungwi were settled for. A total of 1 653 mothers of under 5 years who had an episode of diarrhoea, malaria, pneumonia or a combination of any of them not more than 14 days before the interview were included in the study. A sample size was arrived at using A Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) method. In order to determine the associations between respondent's demographic characteristics and health seeking behaviour, chi square test of independence was carried out. Multivariable logistic regression was also done to identify predictors of health seeking behaviours for common childhood illnesses in children aged &lt;5 years old in poor resource settings.Results: Among the mothers interviewed, 64.6% were married while 35.4% were unmarried. Their mean age was 32 years. Mothers who took their sick children to the health facilities for the purpose of seeking health care for their child for either of the illnesses accounted for 75.2%, [95% CI: 0.62–0.96], while 24.8% did not seek health care for their sick child. Factors typically associated with health seeking behaviours were mothers' marital status [aOR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58–0.94], and mothers ‘education level [aOR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.13–1.92].Conclusion: It was established in this study that health care seeking behaviours for these common childhood illnesses in poor resource settings was relatively high and could be predicted by mother's education level and mothers' marital status. Integrating interventions targeted at increasing utilisation of maternal and child health services with basic education to women and moral support counselling to families may potentially maximise health seeking behaviours in marginalised communities.
Longitudinal Associations of Stroke With Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults in the United States: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Wu Xia , Fan Li , Ke Songqing , He Yangting , Zhang Ke , Yang Shijun 
Published: May 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the longitudinal associations of stroke with cognitive impairment in older US adults.Method: The data used in this longitudinal analysis were extracted from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) from 2011 to 2019. Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the longitudinal association of stroke with cognitive impairment. The multivariable model was adjusted by demographic, physical, and mental characteristics, and the complex survey design of NHATS was taken into consideration.Results: A total of 7,052 participants with complete data were included. At the baseline, the weighted proportion of cognitive impairment was 19.37% (95% CI, 17.92–20.81%), and the weighted proportion of the history of stroke was 9.81% (95% CI, 8.90–10.72%). In univariate analysis, baseline stroke history was significantly associated with cognitive impairment in the future (hazard ratio, 1.746; 95% CI, 1.461–2.088), and the baseline cognitive impairment was significantly associated with future report of stroke (hazard ratio, 1.436; 95% CI, 1.088–1.896). In multivariable model, stroke was also significantly associated with cognitive impairment (hazard ratio, 1.241; 95% CI, 1.011–1.522); however, the reverse association was not significant (hazard ratio, 1.068; 95% CI, 0.788–1.447). After the data from proxy respondents were excluded, in the sensitive analyses, the results remained unchanged.Conclusion: Older adults in the United States who suffered strokes are more likely to develop cognitive impairment as a result in the future than those who have not had strokes. However, the reverse association did not hold. Furthermore, the study suggests that it is necessary to screen and take early intervention for cognitive impairment in stroke survivors and prevent the incidence of stroke by modifying risk factors in the general population with rapidly growing older US adults.
“They're Going to Zoom It”: A Qualitative Investigation of Impacts and Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Older Adults
Authors: Greenwood-Hickman Mikael Anne , Dahlquist Jacklyn , Cooper Julie , Holden Erika , McClure Jennifer B. , Mettert Kayne D. , Perry Stephen R. , Rosenberg Dori E. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Older adults, who already have higher levels of social isolation, loneliness, and sedentary behavior, are particularly susceptible to negative impacts from social distancing mandates meant to control the spread of COVID-19. We sought to explore the physical, mental, and social health impacts of the pandemic on older adults and their coping techniques.Materials and Methods: We conducted 25 semi-structured interviews with a sub-sample of participants in an ongoing sedentary behavior reduction intervention. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and iterative coding was used to extract key themes.Results: Most participants reported an increase in sedentary behavior due to limitations on leaving their home and increased free time to pursue seated hobbies (e.g., reading, knitting, tv). However, many participants also reported increased levels of intentional physical activity and exercise, particularly outdoors or online. Participants also reported high levels of stress and a large decrease in in-person social connection. Virtual connection with others through phone and video was commonly used to stay connected with friends and family, engage in community groups and activities, and cope with stress and social isolation. Maintenance of a positive attitude and perspective gained from past hardships was also an important coping strategy for many participants.Discussion: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated social distancing measures have impacted older adults' perceived levels of activity, stress, and social isolation, but many leveraged technology and prior life experiences to cope. These themes could inform future interventions for older adults dealing with chronic stress and isolation.
Psychosocial Experiences of Adolescent Girls and Young Women Subsequent to an Abortion in Sub-saharan Africa and Globally: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zia Yasaman , Mugo Nelly , Ngure Kenneth , Odoyo Josephine , Casmir Edinah , Ayiera Eric , Bukusi Elizabeth , Heffron Renee 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Unmet need for contraception, unintended pregnancy, and access to safe abortion remain global challenges preventing adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) from achieving optimal reproductive health. Furthermore, AGYW face difficulties navigating sexual autonomy, lack of agency or experience negotiating sexual acts, and challenges accessing sexual health information and services. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the psychosocial outcomes of AGYW who have experienced an abortion with particular focus on sub-Saharan Africa, which bears the global burden of unintended pregnancy and risk of death due to unsafe abortion.Materials and Methods: The systematic review was registered and used search terms to identify peer-reviewed articles relevant to “post-abortion,” “psychosocial,” “adolescent girls,” and “young women” from PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Examples of psychosocial experiences include quality of life, stigma, and mental health outcomes. Rayyan software (Qatar, 2020) was used by two reviewers to assess the relevance of each article to psychosocial outcomes of AGYW any time after an abortion or accessing post-abortion services. Analysis was conducted with a focus on data from Africa and comparisons are made to non-African settings.Results: A total of 2,406 articles were identified and 38 articles fit the criteria. Six selected articles were from Africa, including Ghana, Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia, and the remaining articles were from other regions. Themes around stigma, shame, and abandonment associated with the experience of abortion were prevalent in all regions. Studies of psychosocial outcomes of AGYW in sub-Saharan Africa highlight social isolation as well as learned resilience among young women who abort.Discussion: Navigating abortion as an AGYW involves managing internalized and perceived stigma, fear of violence, secrecy, and growing resilient in order to overcome the significant barriers that society and culture place on access to an essential service in sexual and reproductive health. Post-abortion psychosocial outcomes highlight the need for support services and investigation of contexts that perpetuate and necessitate unsafe abortion. Empowerment of AGYW may present an important opportunity to build self-agency and positive coping mechanisms to withstand social pressures during stigmatizing circumstances associated with abortion.
Tips and Tricks to Improve Ergonomics, Efficacy, Versatility, and Overcome Limitations of Micro Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Authors: Biligere Sarvajit , Heng Chin-Tiong , Cracco Cecilia , Mangat Reshma , Ong Chloe Shu-Hui , Thandapani Karthik , Inoue Takaaki , Sarica Kemal , Sabnis Ravindra B. , Desai Mahesh , Scoffone Cesare , Gauhar Vineet 
Published: May 2021

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has evolved over the decades from Standard to Mini to Ultramini PCNL to Micro-perc, with miniaturisation being the dominant theme and supine approach gaining momentum world over.Aim: In literature, miniaturised PCNL with microperc needle access system has raised concerns of intrarenal pressure and has some limitations with its success for larger stones. Our tips and tricks explain how to overcome these pitfalls by utilising the full construct of the needle system to its maximum potential. These will in turn help make the procedure versatile, precise, ergonomical, and enhance a surgeon's experience with improved outcomes for patients especially in large renal stones.Materials and Methods: We describe the limitations of microperc needle access as stated in literature and proposals by the co-authors using microperc for miniaturised access on how to overcome the same.Results: A simplified table describing the limitations and tips and tricks on overcoming these is provided for quick reference.Conclusion: As Technological advancements and techniques for miniaturised access in urolithiasis improve, we believe our suggestions will help surgeons overcome the quoted limitations of microperc needle access for miniaturised PCNL, making this a versatile, safe and efficacious technique even in large and complex stones. A multi centre trial will be the best way to validate the suggestions proposed in this article.
Reply to Pessoa, P.; Arderucio Costa, B. Comment on “Tsallis, C. Black Hole Entropy: A Closer Look. Entropy 2020, 22, 17”
Authors: Tsallis Constantino 
Published: May 2021

In the present Reply we restrict our focus only onto the main erroneous claims by Pessoa and Costa in their recent Comment (Entropy 2020, 22, 1110).
Decentral Energy Generation Potential of Anaerobic Digestion of Black Water and Kitchen Refuse for Eco-District Planning
Authors: Mohammadi Soufia , Monsalvete Álvarez de Uribarri Pilar , Eicker Ursula 
Published: May 2021

Biogas technology is an important alternative energy source worldwide. Blackwater and kitchen refuse represent ideal waste streams for bioenergy recovery through anaerobic co-digestion. Modeling of the biokinetics of anaerobic digestion on several aspects, such as microbial activity, substrate degradation, and methane production, from co-digestion of black water (BW) and kitchen refuse (KR) was the objective of this research. A mathematical model was developed towards a simulation based on mass balances on biomass, the organic substrate, and biogas. The model was implemented in INSEL and experimental data from the literature were used for model validation. The study shows that the simulation results fit well with the experimental data. The energy consumption and generation potential of anaerobic co-digestion of BW and KR were calculated to investigate if the produced biogas could supply the digester’s energy demand. This study can be used to pre-design anaerobic digestion systems in eco-districts.
Perencanaan Dan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Guru Fisika Ditinjau Dari Latar Belakang Akademik
Authors: Arif Rifda Nurhikmahwati , Arif Rifda Mardian 
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kinerja guru fisika di SMA di Banjarmasin pada aspek perencanaan pembelajaran, pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan mengambil 20 guru fisika dari seluruh SMA Negeri di Banjarmasin. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket, pedoman observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif terkait dengan hasil wawancara dan observasi.
Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kinerja guru fisika SMA di Banjarmasin adalah sebagai berikut. Pada aspek perencanaan pembelajaran dikategorikan cukup. Pada aspek pelaksanaan pembelajaran dikategorikan baik. Selain itu, guru fisika dengan latar belakang akademis yang lebih tinggi memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik daripada guru dengan latar belakang akademis yang lebih rendah
The Formation of C3O3H6 Structural Isomers in the Gas Phase through Barrierless Pathways: Formation and Spectroscopic Characterization of Methoxy Acetic Acid
Authors: Gámez Victoria , Senent María Luisa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Gas phase formation processes feasible at low temperatures are determined theoretically for 38 isomers obeying the C3O3H6 empirical formula, one of them, the simplest ketose dihydroxyacetone, has been observed in gas phase sources. A preliminary search for isomeric forms first targets ethoxy formic acid (C2H5–O–COOH) as the most stable isomer followed by lactic acid. Profiles corresponding to the minimum energy pathways reveal that the favored conformers of 14 of these isomers can be formed in the gas phase through 29 barrierless processes involving the OH*, CH3O*, HCO*, CH3*, CH2OH, HCOO*, and OHCO* radicals, all of them observed in the interstellar medium. Kinetic rates are provided at 200, 298, and 500 K, confirming the suitability of 16 processes at low temperatures. Faster processes involve the OH hydroxyl radical whereas, to a lesser degree, the processes involving the HOCO radical and the methoxy methyl radical CH3O*, are quite significant. Spectroscopic parameters (rovibrational and torsional) are obtained for methoxy acetic acid (CH3–O–CH2COOH) for which two low-lying isoenergetic conformers can be produced from the CH3OCH2* radical predicted to be a precursor of abundant observed molecules. Profiles and spectroscopic properties make methoxy acetic acid a good candidate to be detected in the gas phase of extraterrestrial sources.
Experimental Investigation of the Acetylene–Benzene Cocrystal on Titan
Authors: Czaplinski Ellen , Yu 余 Xinting 馨 婷 , Dzurilla Katherine , Chevrier Vincent 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Acetylene and benzene are two common molecules formed in Titan’s atmosphere, and are likely components of the lake evaporites. It is known that these two molecules can form a cocrystal, a molecule with a structure that is unique from that of the component molecules. Thus, we sought to study this cocrystal using an experimental setup that simulates Titan surface conditions (90 K, 1.5 bar). Using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, we characterize new spectral absorptions, band shifts, and morphological sample changes associated with this cocrystal from 1 to 2.6 μm, which overlaps with Cassini VIMS wavelength range (0.35–5.1 μm). This is the first study of the resulting acetylene–benzene cocrystal under Titan-relevant temperature and pressure. The cocrystal forms at 135 K and is stable down to 90 K. Our findings can be applied to the cocondensation process in Titan’s atmosphere, as well as the ongoing effort to better characterize the composition and spectral properties of Titan’s lake evaporites. These results can also provide a stepping stone to future surface missions such as Dragonfly, which will closely examine relevant surface materials on Titan.
The Influence of Giving Sweet Potato Leaf Boiled Water to the Acceleration of Breastmilk Production in Nursing Mothers in the Kuta Baro Health Center, Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Authors: Maharani Maharani , Nurbaiti Nurbaiti , Lajuna Lia , Fitri Yulia , Santi Putri , Sutrisno Sutrisno 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Breastmilk (ASI) is the best food for babies. Adequacy of breast milk plays a vital role in the process of growth and development of babies. One way that can be done to increase the rate of secretion and production of breast milk is by giving boiled water for sweet potato leaves.
AIM: To analyze the effect of giving boiled sweet potato leaves on the acceleration of milk production in nursing mothers

METHODS: The research design used in this study was pre-experimental with a pretest-posttest design. This research was conducted in the Kuta Baro Health Center, Kuta Baro District, Aceh Besar District, and was carried out in May-August 2020. This study's population was all mothers who were breastfeeding and had babies aged 0-6 years. This study sample was part of breastfeeding mothers who had babies aged 0-6 months, selected by purposive sampling as much as 32. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square statistical test.

RESULTS: The results showed that there was an effect of intervention giving sweet potato boiled water for five days with an increase in the acceleration of breast milk production by 204.69 ml, and on the 10th day, it was 212.88 ml. Furthermore, the intervention of giving boiled water for sweet potato leaves on days 11 to 15, there was an increase in the average milk production by 214.25 ml. These results are evidenced by statistical tests where is a significant difference in acceleration of milk production between before the intervention and after the intervention on the 5th, 10th, and 15th day (p-value <0.05).

CONCLUSION: There is an effect of giving boiled sweet potato leaves water on the acceleration of milk production in breastfeeding mothers in the working area of the Kuta Baro Health Center, Kuta Baro District, Aceh Besar District.
Philosophische Grabenkämpfe. Zur Frage der Toleranz bei Heidegger und Jaspers während der Anfangsjahre der Weimarer Republik
Authors: Meyer Daniel 
Published: May 2021

Lorsque paraît, au lendemain de la Première Guerre mondiale, la Psychologie des conceptions du monde de Karl Jaspers, se noue un vif débat intellectuel, tout particulièrement avec Martin Heidegger. Ce débat gravite autour de formes distinctes de tolérance : tandis que Jaspers prône un renouvellement successif de l’existence à travers l’acceptation de l’autre, où l’individu, pour ne pas succomber à la sclérose intellectuelle, doit chercher à se glisser dans un nouveau rapport au monde, Heidegger cherche à accéder à une forme originaire du soi qui se révèle au contraire dans la confrontation à l’autre, qu’il s’agit dès lors de respecter dans son altérité. Se dégage à travers ce débat un antagonisme entre une forme inclusive et exclusive de la tolérance, mais il doit également être perçu comme la volonté de conférer à la crise profonde que traverse la pensée allemande au lendemain du conflit mondial une portée positive, de percevoir dans cette crise le moment d’une révélation existentielle.