bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Candidal Onychomycosis
Authors: Rather Shagufta , Keen Abid , Shah Faizan Younus , Yaseen Atiya , Farooq Shaiqa , Bakhshi Asifa 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Despite an increasing trend of onychomycosis caused by Candida species in recent years, there is a scarcity of published data.

Objective:
To determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Candida onychomycosis, to identify the prevalent, and perform in-vitro antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) of the isolates.

Methodology:
A total of 506 consecutive patients with a clinical suspicion of onychomycosis were included in a cross-sectional clinical study. Nail scrapings and clippings were subjected to KOH examination and culture. Species identification and antifungal drug sensitivity testing were done for Candida isolates using Vitek 2YST Compact system using Vitek 2 cards.

Results:
Out of 384 (75.88%) culture-positive cases, dermatophytes were isolated in 58.08%, yeast in 26.30%, and NDM in 12.24%. Of the yeast, Candida albicans was isolated in 59.4% and non-albicans species in 40.59%. AFST showed that most of Candida species exhibited 100% susceptibility to most of the antifungal drugs tested, while intermediate resistance to fluconazole and flucytosine was seen in some non-albicans species (C. krusei, C. glabrata, and C. guilliermondii). Time taken for species identification was 14–18 h (average 15.5 h), while determination of minimum inhibitory concentration took 9–27 h (average 13 h).

Conclusions:
Our study showcases the present scenario of Candida distribution and the resistance patterns of various species afflicting the nail unit. Furthermore, our findings clearly indicate that the carriage of this pathogenic yeast is seen in both healthy individuals as well as with immunosuppression.
Adenocarcinoma Apendicular: Masa palpable en fosa iliaca derecha
Authors: Schlain Sergio 
Published: June 2021

Introducción: La neoplasia primaria del apéndice es una entidad rara y de difícil diagnóstico preoperatorio. La histología más frecuente es la neuroendócrina representando un 50 % de los casos, mientras que el adenocarcinoma representa tan solo el 10%, dándose mayormente es pacientes de 62 a 65 años de edad.
Caso clínico: Paciente femenina de 73 años que consulta por dolor en fosa iliaca derecha de 5 meses de evolución asociado a masa palpable de 6 x 6 cm aproximadamente, parcialmente móvil. Tomografía abdominopélvica, engrosamiento parietal circunferencial e irregular del ciego. Marcadores tumorales elevados. Se realiza hemicolectomía derecha con criterio oncológico. Anatomía patológica, adenocarcinoma de apéndice variante intestinal con 2 ganglios positivos de 12. Buena evolución clínica. Actualmente en tratamiento adyuvante.
Conclusión: Se presenta un caso poco frecuente de adenocarcinoma apendicular de tipo colónico. En esta ocasión, se presentó como una masa palpable, dolorosa, de tiempo de evolución, sumado a ello, la evidencia imagenológica y humoral, permitieron sospechar la presencia de una patología neoplásica, por lo que se decidió realizar una hemicolectomía derecha de forma electiva y con criterio oncológico, obteniendo así una pieza adecuada para la estadificación postoperatoria y posterior tratamiento oncológico.
Palabras Claves: adenocarcinoma apendicular-masa palpable-hemicolectomia
Evaluación y diagnóstico de las dificultades de aprendizje de la lectura y ortografía en Educación Primaria
Authors: Muñoz Juani González , Calderón Belén Cánovas , Melgar Rocío Muñoz , Alonso Jose María Rabal 
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo se va a tratar de explicar, en primer lugar, la evaluación de las dificultades de aprendizaje de la lectura. Destacaremos aquellas señales que nos indican que los alumnos necesitan ayudas educativas ordinarias, y cuáles son los instrumentos que nos ayudan a identificarlas. En segundo lugar hablaremos de la evaluación de las dificultades de aprendizaje de la lectura, diferenciando entre las principales limitaciones que presentan los alumnos con dificultades de aprendizaje de la escritura (en adelante DAE) y las fases por las que este tipo de alumnado pasa. En último lugar, hablaremos tanto de la tarea de diagnóstico, las herramientas de evaluación y de la formulación de los informes.
Como docentes tenemos la obligación de estar atentos a la diversidad de nuestro alumnado. Hoy en día tenemos numerosos recursos a nuestra disposición para poder identificar cuáles son sus dificultades, y poder ofrecerles un apoyo educativo oportuno. Además añadir que es fundamental seguir formándonos y estar al día sobre los nuevos recursos, test y en general dificultades que pueden tener nuestro alumnado en el aula, con el objetivo de que consigan obtener un aprendizaje significativo.
A temática evasão escolar no contexto do PROEJA: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Paula Lucas , Carmo Nilva Celestina 
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão integrativa a partir da contextualização do Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica, na Modalidade de Jovens e Adultos – PROEJA e as temáticas: Evasão/abandono escolar. Foram considerados artigos e trabalhos acadêmicos, dissertações e teses. Disponíveis em duas bases de dados, no período entre 2009 e 2019. Ressaltando aqueles que foram produzidos entre 2009 e 2012 por serem datas que marcaram o término da primeira e segunda remessa de cursos disponibilizados desde a sua criação (2006).Visando compreender sobre as questões que proporcionaram a Evasão/abandono escolar, esse trabalho também, disponibiliza outras evidências, trazidas pela metodologia Análise de Conteúdo, aplicada aos artigos e trabalhos acadêmicos que se destacaram na revisão integrativa, dos quais emergiram duas categorias: Trabalho/remuneração/benefícios e Professores. A primeira categoria destaca a necessidade da manutenção da sobrevivência, através do trabalho, mesmo que informal. A segunda categoria denota a falta de preparo do corpo docente frente à modalidade de ensino para jovens e adultos. Sendo assim, conclui-se que essa política pública não atendeu, na sua totalidade, aos objetivos previstos.
O QUE É FICÇÃO CIENTÍFICA?
Authors: Yatti Fabianna Tavares , Leonardo Do Nascimento Dias Bruno 
Published: June 2021

A ficção científica (FC) é um gênero bastante utilizado no cinema e em grandes obras literárias criadas no final do século XIX. Porém, ainda se discute muito sobre o que define uma obra ser considerada ficção científica. Para tanto, será feita uma pesquisa que possui uma abordagem qualitativa, a qual centra-se na compreensão e explicação da dinâmica das relações sociais com os conteúdos ciência através da ficção científica. O objetivo principal é recolher e apresentar informações ou conhecimentos prévios sobre o problema a respeito. A metodologia do trabalho se dará através de pesquisas de levantamento de referências bibliográficas fundamentadas pelos aportes teóricos oriundos de livros e artigos científicos já publicados. Com base em toda discussão desenvolvida a partir dos resultados coletados é possível ver a grande amplitude de conceitos do que seria ficção científica. Entretanto, embora não exista um consenso de uma definição fechada sobre o que é a ficção científica, é possível notar que em todos os conceitos históricos vinculados a ela, existe a similaridade do conceito de “estranhamento”, ora chamado de novum, ora denominado de derivação contrafactual.
THỰC TRẠNG KỸ NĂNG GIAO TIẾP, ỨNG XỬ CỦA KỸ THUẬT VIÊN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KỸ THUẬT Y TẾ HẢI DƯƠNG
Authors: Thị Thanh Trà Lê , Văn Thêm Lê , Thị Nhung Nguyễn 
Published: June 2021

Mục tiêu: Mô tả kỹ năng giao tiếp, ứng xử của kỹ thuật viên của kỹ thuật viên tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Kỹ thuật Y tế Hải Dương năm 2017. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu ngang có phân tích trên 26 kỹ thuật viên đang công tác tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Kỹ thuật Y tế Hải Dương. Kết quả: Kỹ thuật viên có độ tuổi từ 21 đến 30 tuổi chiếm tỷ lệ đa số 80.8%, tỷ lệ về giới không có sự chênh lệnh nhiều (Nam giới chiếm 46.2%, nữ giới chiếm 53.8%) trình độ của kỹ thuật viên chủ yếu là trình độ đại học chiếm 84%%, thâm niên công tác từ 5 năm – 10 năm chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất 57.7%. Kỹ thuật viên có kỹ năng giao tiếp tốt chiếm 80.8%. Bên cạnh đó, kỹ năng đặt câu hỏi và phản hồi còn 19.2% là chưa tốt. Kết luận: 80,8% các tiêu chí về kỹ năng giao tiếp, ứng xử của kỹ thuật viên được đánh giá tốt
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT KHÂU KÍN ỐNG MẬT CHỦ SAU KHI LẤY SỎI ĐỂ ĐIỀU TRỊ SỎI ĐƯỜNG MẬT CHÍNH NGOÀI GAN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI
Authors: Mạnh Hùng Trần 
Published: June 2021

Mục tiêu: Kết quả của phương pháp khâu kín ống mật chủ sau khi lấy sỏi để điều trị sỏi đường mật chính ngoài gan. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả hồi cứu 70 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật mở bụng, mở ống mật chủ lấy sỏi và khâu kín OMC ngay tại Khoa Ngoại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ 2014 đến 2020. Kết quả: 70 trường hợp trong nghiên cứu bao gồm 42 nữ và 28 nam, tuổi trung bình là 62 ± 15,2 tuổi, 34 trường hợp (48,5%) có tiền sử mổ sỏi mật, thời gian nằm viện sau mổ là 7,91±2,07 ngày, không có tử vong sau mổ, tỉ lệ biến chứng chung là 10,0% trong đó tụ dịch dưới gan là chủ yếu 5,7%, Kết luận: phẫu thuật khâu kín ống mật chủ sau khi lấy sỏi an toàn, hiệu quả. Chỉ định cho các trường hợp lấy hết sỏi ống mật chủ, không có sỏi trong gan, cơ Oddi thông tốt, dịch mật trong sạch.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG DI CĂN HẠCH CỔ VÀ MỐI TƯƠNG QUAN TỚI ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH HỌC UNG THƯ KHOANG MIỆNG
Authors: Văn Quảng Lê , Quốc Duy Ngô , Thế Đường Lê , Xuân Quý Ngô 
Published: June 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tình trạng di căn hạch cổ và mối tương quan tới đặc điểm bệnh học ung thư khoang miệng. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Gồm 158 BN chẩn đoán ung thư khoang miệng giai đoạn cT1-4N0-2M0 điều trị tại bệnh viện K từ 2017 - 2019. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình là 56,1 ± 10,1 (25 - 83). Nam chiếm đa số (73,4%). Tỷ lệ di căn hạch sau mổ là 32,9%, trong đó di căn hạch tiềm ẩn là 21,5%. Không có mối tương quan giữa tình trạng di căn hạch với tuổi và giới (p>0,05). Tình trạng di căn hạch có mối tương quan chặt chẽ với kích thước u (p < 0,001, CI 95% 2,3-9,5), độ xâm lấn sâu (p<0,001; CI 95% 2,7 – 14,9) và giai đoạn T sau mổ (p<0,001). Kết luận: Tình trạng di căn hạch cổ có mối tương quan chặt chẽ với kích thước u, độ xâm lấn sâu và giai đoạn T sau mổ.
Poligami Dalam Pandangan Positivisme
Authors: Hamzah Iri 
Published: June 2021

Positivisme adalah suatu aliran filsafat yang menyatakan ilmu alam sebagai satu-satunya sumber pengetahuan yang benar dan menolak aktifitas yang berkenaan dengan metafisik. Tidak mengenal adanya spekulasi, semua didasarkan pada data empiris, di mana semua data-data tersebut berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang nyata dan hasilnyapun memiliki kegunaan dan kemanfaatan yang pasti. Permasalahan poligami apabila ditinjau dari positivisme sangat tidak relevan pada konteks saat ini, hal ini sesuai yang dikemukakan muhammad abduh, Menurut Abduh poligami yang di lakukan dengan tujuan hanya untuk kesenangan hukumnya haram. Apabila alasannya di maksudkan hanya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan biologis semata menjadi tidak boleh, tetapi jika alasannya karena darurat maka kemungkinan dibolehkannya untuk melakukan tetap ada. Dalam pembahasan ini positivisme lebih condong kepada mengharamkan poligami dari pada membolehkan, hal ini berkaitan dengan hasil yang didapat dari epistemologi tersebut, bahwa semua sumber ilmu pengetahuan hanya berdasarkan rasio dan fakta-fakta empiris yang nyata dan memiliki kegunaan yang pasti. Apabila dikaitkan pada konteks saat ini poligami yang dilakukan banyak pria lebih merugikan wanita dari pada membawa keuntungan dan kemanfaatan bagi pria, maka poligamipun diharamkan karena lebih banyak merugikan banyak pihak dari pada menguntungkan satu pihak.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Alquran Hadis Melalui Metode Tahfiz di Kelas II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Raudhatul Ma’arif Muara Bungo
Authors: Syaifullah Arif , Firman Firman , Desyandri Desyandri 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Alquran Hadis khususnya dalam menghafal surah-surah pendek yang menjadi target tercapainya kriteria ketuntasan minimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan menerapkan metode tahfizpada mata pelajaran Alquran Hadis materi surah Al-Kafirun di kelas II MI Raudhatul Ma’arif Muara Bungo Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang telah dilakukan dalam dua siklus.Instrument yang digunakan adalah test hasil belajar berupa lembar tes yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pada hasil belajar siswa mata pelajaran Alquran Hadis materi Surah Al-Kafirun dengan menggunakan metode Tahfiz pada siswa kelas II MI Raudhatul Ma’arif Muara Bungo.Meningkatnya hasil belajar siswa dapat dilihat perubahannya dari siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil belajar siswa setelah dilakukan tindakan dengan menggunakan metode Tahfizpada siklus I hanya 15 siswa atau 65% yang mampu mencapai KKM dan pada siklus II setelah dilakukannya perbaikanmeningkat menjadi 23 siswa atau 100% yaitu semua siswa sudah mampu mencapai KKM yang ditentukan sekolah. Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa “menggunakan metode tahfiz pada mata pelajaran Alquran Hadis dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di kelas II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Raudhatul Ma’arif Muara Bungo tahun 2019”.
Introducción a la genética en la enseñanza secundaria y bachillerato: I. Contenidos de enseñanza y conocimientos de los alumnos
Authors: Banet Hernández Enrique , Ayuso G. E. 
Published: June 2021

In this paper an analysis is made of some of the causes which can hinder the students' learning of genetics at Secondary Level (12-17 years). This research study highlights the need of introducing changes in content at syllabus design level, and shows that students have a slight knowledge of heredity, although the basic tenets are very often wrong, even before they have their first contact with the subject as academic content at school.
Actitudes hacia la ciencia a lo largo de BUP y COU: un estudio longitudinal
Authors: Espinosa García J. , Román Galán T. 
Published: June 2021

We have performed a longitudinal study among BUP and COU students, from fourteen to eighteen years old, and their attitudes to Science. This attitude becomes neither linear nor more negative through successive years. On the contrary, we have observed a «saw tooth» profile.
¿Por qué hay veranos e inviernos? Representaciones de estudiantes (12-18) y de futuros maestros sobre algunos aspectos del modelo Sol-Tierra
Authors: Manuel J. de 
Published: June 2021

This paper shows the results of an investigation conducted on more than 900 students aging 12-18, and 50 teacher training students. Misconceptions related with the Sun -Earth model in relation with summers and winters were studied using a single questionnaire and an interview. Changes derived from an instruction based on a simulation activity on the model were also tested, 1, 2, and 3 years later. A comparative analysis, between instructed and uninstructed students, also carried out. These analysis and the interpretation of the probable origin of misconceptions are used for some educational suggestions.
La educación para la salud: una propuesta fundamentada desde el campo de la docencia
Authors: Gavídia Catalán V. , Rodés Sala Mª J. , Carratala Beguer A. 
Published: June 2021

Is Sanitary Education the same as Health Education? Wich factors should we keep in mind when setting up a curriculum for Health Education? Is it necessary to deal with such health matters as hygiene, vacunations and so on... in order to develop this type of education for schools? These are just some of the questions that are raised in this article, and at some time we show the use of looking at sources that determine a curriculum, as in the specific case of Food -Nutrition.
Actitudes hacia la ciencia en estudiantes universitarios de ciencias
Authors: Espinosa García J. , Román Galán T. 
Published: June 2021

We have performed a longitudinal study among university students, from eighteen to twenty three years old, and their attitudes toward Science. This attitude does not become neither linear nor more negative through successive years. In contrast, we have observed a «saw tooth» profile, which is clearer when the number of courses analysed increases and the sex variable is taken into account. In general, the maximums of one sex are coincidental with the minimums of the other.
Una propuesta integral de evaluación en Ciencias
Authors: Rodríguez Barreiro L. M. , Gutiérrez Múzquiz F. A. , Molledo Cea J. 
Published: June 2021

In the following study, we are going to deal with evaluation problems, one of the aspects in the curriculum that has undergone less changes in the last years. In order to do so, we will analyse critically the way it is done nowadays. Next, we will enunciate a series of force -ideas to propitiate the change in this field of activity. Finally, we will show the ethnographic evaluation pattern, the one we have chosen, going deeply into the methods and techniques for data -collecting more commonly used in this kind of research. Besides, we will try to explain those patterns with examples, mostly taken from our everyday practice with BUP students.
Calificaciones, pruebas objetivas y aprendizaje significativo en Química y Física de COU
Authors: Vázquez Alonso Ángel 
Published: June 2021

Herein are studied the relations between Chemistry and Physics school marks in COU and in the first university year, and the score obtained at an objective test designed on the COU curriculum. The output of correlations is low and the analysis of the regression shows that the predictive ability of the variables of the objective test with respect to the marks is smail; paradoxically, it is bigger for the marks at university than for those in COU, whose curriculum was the base for the test. Besides, predictive results are higher for Chemistry than for Physics. Non -significant learning could explain both, low results and the differences observed.
El aprendizaje desde la instrucción: La evolución de las estrategias personales en tareas de proporcionalidad numérica
Authors: Llinares Ciscar Salvador , Sánchez García V. 
Published: June 2021

This study examines the personal strategies evolution used by students in numerical proportionality task solving during instruction. The analysis of a sequence of video/audiotaped lessons allowed the observatíon of the process of cognitive construction by students in the classroom. The «local» effectiveness of intuitive strategies is considered a phase in the construction of more general strategies.
Investigación del desarrollo y aprendizaje de la noción de aceleración en adolescentes
Authors: Laburu C. E. , Carvalho Anna M. Pessoa de 
Published: June 2021

The aim of this article is to present some of the conclusions reached at the clinical research of the development and learning of the notion of acceleration in teenagers between 11 and 16. From the results therein obtained we gather conclusions that concern teaching implicitly. As a criterion to accede to the understanding of acceleration we tried its comprehension from a kinetic approach (.6V/át). By means of three experiments we show the difficulties with which the students met to understand the concept of acceleration.
Creencias populares y enseñanza de la Biología
Authors: Fontes Costa M. A. , Duarte Mª C. 
Published: June 2021

The existence of some popular beliefs has been referred to by several studies. A few of these popular beliefs, which seem to be also widespread in Portugal, are related to biological contents. Therefore, it can be expected that many students hold some of these beliefs when they come to the biology classes. Based on this suspicion, the authors decided to investigate:— The degree of adhesion shown by students with different biology backgrounds, to some popular beliefs.— The importance given by some biology textbooks to the popular beliefs.
Los mapas conceptuales de J.D. Novak como instrumentos para la investigación en didáctica de las ciencias experimentales
Authors: González García Fermín M. 
Published: June 2021

This article is a review of Novak 's «concept mapping», used as a tool for didactical research. It emphasizes its efficiency, especially with topics related to teaching/learning processes and planning of both curriculum and instruction. A list of bibliographical references has been carefully selected.
¿Cúando un ser vivo puede ser considerado animal?
Authors: Velasco J. M. 
Published: June 2021

The concept "animal" and students' misconceptions of this term were analysed on a population of 365 individuals composed of students of 6th EGB, 1st BUP, COU and 3rd Teacher -training School from Salamanca and Soria in order to monitor the persistence of such misconceptions throughout the learning stage. The results obtained are compared with those found in a similar study previosly conducted in New Zeland, which is critically analysed as well. Some implications of this and other similar concepts in the teaching -learning process are also discussed.
Investigación de las ideas de los alumnos de enseñanza secundaria sobre la corriente eléctrica
Authors: Ruiz Sáenz de Miera A. , Rosado L. , Oliva Martínez José Mª 
Published: June 2021

This paper deals with the ideas on electric current of secondary education (BUP and COU) students who have been given traditional tuition. The study was based on open -choice questionnaires, word -choice tests and concept trees. The results obtained show that the students' experiential and environmental models acquired from their everyday physical and social experience are preserved throughout their secondary education. However, their vocabulary gradually conforms to the «scientific model» of elect! ic current.
La reacción química: descripciones e interpretaciones de los alumnos de liceo
Authors: Chastrette M. , Franco M. 
Published: June 2021

We have carried out a piece of research about the ass:.milation of the chemical reaction by secondary students, based on the study of their spontaneous descriptions of the process, their ability to explain it in corpuscular terms and of correctly applying the law of matter preservation The experimental sample were 19 students between 13 and 14 years of age who had been introduced to the subject the previous year. We have introduced a variant in the technique of interviews.
Esquemas conceptuales de los alumnos sobre la respiración
Authors: Banet Hernández Enrique , Núñez Francisco 
Published: June 2021

In this article we report our findings about the ideas and beliefs sustained by a sample of students (from a variety of levels, i.e. EGB 6th and 8th grade levels as well as School of Education students) on the topic of human breathing. As well as specific misconceptions, alternative frameworks to scientific knowledge, which should be taken into account by the teacher when planning a lesson, are pointed out.
La enseñanza de "Fuerza y Movimiento" como cambio conceptual
Authors: Hewson P. W. 
Published: June 2021

Research has shown that many students hold alternative conceptions about motion and the factors which influence it and that an important component of these conceptions are epistemological commitments, one example of which is a cause -effect relationship. The article describes a series of microcomputer programs designed to facilitate conceptual change from an ímpetus -type view to a Newtonian view. A significant feature of these programs is the explicit focus given to the nature of the relationship between cause and effect and its role in the conceptual change process.
Formación inicial del profesorado de ciencias en Francia, Inglaterra y Gales y España. Análisis de la organización de los estudios y nuevas tendencias
Authors: Dumas-Carré Andrée , Furió-Mas Carles , Garrett R. M. 
Published: June 2021

This paper contains a comparative analysis of university courses on initial secondary teacher training in theses countries. The aim is to sort out the common components in these training systems. We also point out some contemporary trends in this field, trying to increase the degree of professionalisation of these courses.