bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aflibercept in clinical practice; visual acuity, injection numbers and adherence to treatment, for diabetic macular oedema in 21 UK hospitals over 3 years
Authors: Talks S. J. , Stratton I. , Peto T. , Lotery A. , Chakravarthy U. , Eleftheriadis H. , Izadi S. , Dhingra N. , Scanlon P. ,   the UK Aflibercept Users’ Group, Talks James , Scanlon Peter , Mohamed Quresh , Lotery Andrew , Kashani Sharam , Georgas Nasos , Jones Colin , Gashut Abdisattar , Santiago Cynthia , Chhabra Romi , Antcliff Richard , Dhingra Naren , Bailey Clare , Chakravarthy Usha , Peto Tunde , Ghanchi Faruque , Mcinerney Linda , Natha Salim , Khan Rehna , Dias Indra , Mukhrejee Raj , Izadi Shahrnaz , Tahir Irfan , Eleftheriadis Haralabos 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Randomised controlled trials provide evidence that a treatment works. Real world evidence is required to assess if proven treatments are effective in practice.

Method
Retrospective data collection on patients given aflibercept for diabetic macular oedema over 3 years from 21 UK hospitals: visual acuity (VA); Index of multiple deprivation score (IMD); injection numbers; protocols used, compared as a cohort and between sites.

Results
Complete data: 1742 patients (from 2196 eligible) at 1 year, 860 (from 1270) at 2, 305 (from 506) at 3 years. The median VA improved from 65 to 71, 70, 70 (ETDRS letters) at 1, 2 and 3 years with 6, 9 and 12 injections, respectively. Loss to follow-up: 10% 1 year, 28.8% at 3. Centres varied: baseline: mean age 61–71 years (p < 0.0001); mean IMD score 15–37 (p < 0.0001); mean VA 49–68 (p < 0.0001). Only four centres provided a loading course of five injections at monthly intervals and one 6. This did not alter VA outcome at 1 year. Higher IMD was associated with younger age (p = 0.0023) and worse VA at baseline (p < 0.0001) not total number of injections or change in VA. Lower starting VA, higher IMD and older age were associated with lower adherence (p = 0.0010).

Conclusions
The data showed significant variation between treatment centres for starting age, VA and IMD which influenced adherence and chances of good VA. Once treatment was started IMD did not alter likelihood of improvement. Loading dose intensity did not alter outcome at one year.
Insights into the molecular properties underlying antibacterial activity of prenylated (iso)flavonoids against MRSA
Authors: Kalli Sylvia , Araya-Cloutier Carla , Hageman Jos , Vincken Jean-Paul 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHigh resistance towards traditional antibiotics has urged the development of new, natural therapeutics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Prenylated (iso)flavonoids, present mainly in the Fabaceae, can serve as promising candidates. Herein, the anti-MRSA properties of 23 prenylated (iso)flavonoids were assessed in-vitro. The di-prenylated (iso)flavonoids, glabrol (flavanone) and 6,8-diprenyl genistein (isoflavone), together with the mono-prenylated, 4′-O-methyl glabridin (isoflavan), were the most active anti-MRSA compounds (Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) ≤ 10 µg/mL, 30 µM). The in-house activity data was complemented with literature data to yield an extended, curated dataset of 67 molecules for the development of robust in-silico prediction models. A QSAR model having a good fit (R2adj 0.61), low average prediction errors and a good predictive power (Q2) for the training (4% and Q2LOO 0.57, respectively) and the test set (5% and Q2test 0.75, respectively) was obtained. Furthermore, the model predicted well the activity of an external validation set (on average 5% prediction errors), as well as the level of activity (low, moderate, high) of prenylated (iso)flavonoids against other Gram-positive bacteria. For the first time, the importance of formal charge, besides hydrophobic volume and hydrogen-bonding, in the anti-MRSA activity was highlighted, thereby suggesting potentially different modes of action of the different prenylated (iso)flavonoids.
Rational design of on-chip gold plasmonic nanoparticles towards ctDNA screening
Authors: Tadimety Amogha , Wu Ziqian , Molinski John H. , Beckerman Russell , Jin Congran , Zhang Lauren , Palinski Timothy J. , Zhang John X. J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper demonstrates the design, synthesis, simulation, and testing of three distinct geometries of plasmonic gold nanoparticles for on-chip DNA screening towards liquid biopsy. By employing a seed-mediated growth method, we have synthesized gold nanospheres, nanorods, and nanobipyramids. In parallel, we developed numerical simulations to understand the effects of nanoparticle geometry on the resonance features and refractive index sensitivity. Both experimental and simulation results were compared through a series of studies including in-solution and on-chip tests. We have thoroughly characterized the impact of nanoparticle geometry on the sensitivity to circulating tumor DNA, with immediate implications for liquid biopsy. The results agree well with theoretical predictions and simulations, including both bulk refractive index sensitivity and thin film sensitivity. Importantly, this work quantitatively establishes the link between nanoparticle geometry and efficacy in detecting rare circulating biomarkers. The nanobipyramids provided the highest sensitivity, approximately doubling the sensitivity compared to nanorods. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report carrying through geometric effects of simulation to clinically relevant biosensing. We put forth here synthesis and testing of three nanoparticle geometries, and a framework for both experimental and theoretical validation of plasmonic sensitivities towards liquid biopsy.
Broadband radar invisibility with time-dependent metasurfaces
Authors: Kozlov V. , Vovchuk D. , Ginzburg P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractConcealing objects from interrogation has been a primary objective since the integration of radars into surveillance systems. Metamaterial-based invisibility cloaking, which was considered a promising solution, did not yet succeed in delivering reliable performance against real radar systems, mainly due to its narrow operational bandwidth. Here we propose an approach, which addresses the issue from a signal-processing standpoint and, as a result, is capable of coping with the vast majority of unclassified radar systems by exploiting vulnerabilities in their design. In particular, we demonstrate complete concealment of a 0.25 square meter moving metal plate from an investigating radar system, operating in a broad frequency range approaching 20% bandwidth around the carrier of 1.5 GHz. The key element of the radar countermeasure is a temporally modulated coating. This auxiliary structure is designed to dynamically and controllably adjust the reflected phase of the impinging radar signal, which acquires a user-defined Doppler shift. A special case of interest is imposing a frequency shift that compensates for the real Doppler signatures originating from the motion of the target. In this case the radar will consider the target static, even though it is moving. As a result, the reflected echo will be discarded by the clutter removal filter, which is an inherent part of any modern radar system that is designed to operate in real conditions. This signal-processing loophole allows rendering the target invisible to the radar even though it scatters electromagnetic radiation.
Surface and bulk modifications of amphibole asbestos in mimicked gamble's solution at acidic PH
Authors: Pacella Alessandro , Ballirano Paolo , Fantauzzi Marzia , Rossi Antonella , Nardi Elisa , Capitani Giancarlo , Arrizza Lorenzo , Montereali Maria Rita 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study aimed at investigating the surface modifications occurring on amphibole asbestos (crocidolite and tremolite) during leaching in a mimicked Gamble’s solution at pH of 4.5 and T = 37 °C, from 1 h up to 720 h. Results showed that the fibre dissolution starts with the release of cations prevalently allocated at the variousM- and (eventually)A-sites of the amphibole structure (incongruent dissolution). The amount of released silicon, normalized to fibre surface area, highlighted a leaching faster for the crocidolite sample, about twenty times higher than that of tremolite. Besides, the fast alteration of crocidolite promotes the occurrence of Fe centres in proximity of the fibre surface, or possibly even exposed, particularly in the form of Fe(II), of which the bulk is enriched with respect to the oxidized surface. Conversely, for tremolite fibres the very slow fibre dissolution prevents the underlying cations of the bulk to be exposed on the mineral surface, and the iron oxidation, faster than the leaching process, significantly depletes the surface Fe(II) centres initially present. Results of this work may contribute to unravel possible correlations between surface properties of amphibole asbestos and its long-term toxicity.
Clinical and imaging features of surgically treated low lumbar osteoporotic vertebral collapse in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Nakajima Hideaki , Kubota Arisa , Watanabe Shuji , Honjoh Kazuya , Matsumine Akihiko 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOsteoporosis and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are age-related diseases, and surgery for osteoporotic vertebral collapse (OVC) in PD patients become more common. OVC commonly affects the thoracolumbar spine, but low lumbar OVC is frequent in patients with lower bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to identify differences in clinical and imaging features of low lumbar OVC with or without PD and to discuss the appropriate treatment. The subjects were 43 patients with low lumbar OVC below L3 who were treated surgically, including 11 patients with PD. The main clinical symptoms were radicular pain in non-PD cases and a cauda equina sign in PD cases. Rapid progression and destructive changes of OVC were seen in patients with PD. The morphological features of OVC were flat-type in non-PD cases with old compression fracture, and destruction-type in PD cases without old compression fracture. Progression of PD was associated with decreased lumbar lordosis, lower lumbar BMD, and severe sarcopenia. High postoperative complication rates were associated with vertebral fragility and longer fusion surgery. Progression of postural instability as a natural course of PD may lead to mechanical stress and instrumentation failure. Invasive long-fusion surgery should be avoided for single low lumbar OVC.
Bilingual Supports for Clinicians: Where Do We Go From Here?
Authors: Núñez Giselle , Buren Molly , Diaz-Vazquez Liliana , Bailey Tara 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify and define the support and needs of bilingual speech-language pathologists working in one urban school district and to investigate the experiences of the clinicians engaged in a professional learning community (PLC) format within their public school system.

Method
Twenty-three bilingual speech-language pathologists met in a PLC over the course of 5 months, with a total of four sessions that were a mix of in person and virtual. The participants engaged in group discussions and activities alongside their peers to address self-identified areas of support and need. Additionally, initial and final focus group and exit slip data following the PLC were collected to inform the discussion topics of the PLC and gather final impressions. Constant comparative analysis was utilized to analyze focus group and exit slip data.

Results
When looking across the experiences of the clinicians in the district, the three themes that emerged from the data were systemic obstacles, professional obstacles, and supports. The three themes that emerged from the speech-language pathologists' experiences in the PLC included their positive experiences, the challenges with participation, and the positive outcomes from exposure to new techniques and learning platforms.

Conclusion
The findings of this study suggest that bilingual clinicians benefit from a PLC model when addressing specific areas of need.
A deep learning method to estimate magnetic fields in solar active regions from photospheric continuum images
Authors: Bai Xianyong , Liu Hui , Deng Yuanyong , Jiang Jie , Guo Jingjing , Bi Yi , Feng Tao , Jin Zhenyu , Cao Wenda , Su Jiangtao , Ji Kaifan 
Published: July 2021

Context. The magnetic field is the underlying cause of solar activities. Spectropolarimetric Stokes inversions have been routinely used to extract the vector magnetic field from observations for about 40 years. In contrast, the photospheric continuum images have an observational history of more than 100 years.
Aims. We suggest a new method to quickly estimate the unsigned radial component of the magnetic field, |Br|, and the transverse field, Bt, just from photospheric continuum images (I) using deep convolutional neural networks (CNN).
Methods. Two independent models, that is, I versus |Br| and I versus Bt, are trained by the CNN with a residual architecture. A total of 7800 sets of data (I, Br and Bt) covering 17 active region patches from 2011 to 2015 from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager are used to train and validate the models.
Results. The CNN models can successfully estimate |Br| as well as Bt maps in sunspot umbra, penumbra, pore, and strong network regions based on the evaluation of four active regions (test datasets). From a series of continuum images, we can also detect the emergence of a transverse magnetic field quantitatively with the trained CNN model. The three-day evolution of the averaged value of the estimated |Br| and Bt from continuum images follows that from Stokes inversions well. Furthermore, our models can reproduce the nonlinear relationships between I and |Br| as well as Bt, explaining why we can estimate these relationships just from continuum images.
Conclusions. Our method provides an effective way to quickly estimate |Br| and Bt maps from photospheric continuum images. The method can be applied to the reconstruction of the historical magnetic fields and to future observations for providing the quick look data of the magnetic fields.
Le Cannibale de Garanhuns : une mystique du meurtre et de la dévoration
Authors: Donard Véronique , de Melo Dutra Guaíra Moreira Camilo 
Published: July 2021

Cet article s’intéresse au lien entre croyance et violence lorsque ces deux éléments sous-tendent des actes meurtriers et cannibaliques, commis par un sujet en proie à un délire mystique et à une conception persécutoire de la réalité. Le cas choisi est celui de Jorge Beltrão Negromonte da Silveira, 58 ans, qui a sévi dans le Nord-Est du Brésil de 2008 à 2012. Connu pour être le leader du « trio cannibale de Garanhuns », du nom de la ville qui fut le théâtre de ses derniers méfaits, il fut condamné, ainsi que sa femme et sa concubine, à plus de 70 ans de réclusion, pour avoir séquestré, tué, démembré et dévoré trois jeunes femmes. Il est suspecté d’avoir fait six autres victimes. Nous tenterons de mettre en évidence le socle psychique sur lequel s’est construit son discours mystique et son agir délirant, ainsi que d’éclairer le sens sacrificiel donné à ses actes. Dans le kaléidoscope de possibilités théoriques et interprétatives qui s’offrent à nous pour cerner sa psychologie, nous choisissons deux prismes : la question de l’origine du Je et la mise en évidence d’une aire sacrificielle en lieu et place d’une aire transitionnelle.
Croire, ek-sister. Une limite moderne de l’incroyance : l’Amok
Authors: Chiha Sami , Sauret Marie-Jean 
Published: July 2021

Parce qu’il ne peut que représenter, le langage implique la croyance. Celle-ci a pour fonction de traiter le rapport du sujet humain au réel de son être, qui lui « ek-siste », et qui le laisse insatisfait de n’être dicible qu’à moitié. Ainsi, la croyance se mobilise au service d’une foi. L’article s’efforce de construire la logique qui va de la croyance « anonyme » au fanatisme, soit ce que la religion semble devenir lorsque la croyance est abandonnée au profit de la certitude. Ce parcours interroge la conjugaison des caractéristiques du lien social (à l’âge classique, à l’ère moderne, puis hypermoderne) avec la structure du sujet de la croyance et sa confrontation incessante au réel. La logique mise à découvert semble se boucler sur la multiplication des fanatismes et des passages à l’acte de type amok : peut-on en déduire ce qui pourrait œuvrer à une alternative viable pour chacun ?
Incroyance et rationalisme morbide
Authors: Brient Pierrick 
Published: July 2021

Nous abordons l’ouvrage de François Klein sur les « maladies mentales expérimentales » et leur traitement, témoignage exemplaire du rationalisme morbide. La causalité des maladies mentales soutenu par cet auteur, s’appuyant sur une logique tautologique d’identité, ainsi que la méthode thérapeutique qu’il propose, rendent manifeste le vécu hallucinatoire imposé, de même qu’ils nous enseignent sur le transfert dans la psychose. Les avancées de Lacan concernant l'Unglauben (incroyance) en le lieu vide de la Chose dans la paranoïa viennent également éclairer la logique d’identité au cœur de la position subjective de F. Klein, logique à entendre comme négativiste à défaut de possibilité d’usage de la négation. Tentative de négativation donc, d’un lieu d’où la jouissance n’a pas été négativé.
La défense Unglauben dans la paranoïa
Authors: Triol Jean 
Published: July 2021

Dans la psychose la forclusion du Nom du père a essentiellement pour effet :
l’absence d’identification à la personne qui fait couple sexuel avec la mère, ce qui laisse l’image moïque supportée uniquement par la jouissance d’une mère, A préalable
l’absence d’unification des interdits, ce qui laisse la castration dans le Réel, comme une « divination ».

Au registre du Réel le sujet répond dans le registre de la foi : à sa jouissance absolue de la Chose il répond par l'Unglauben, la non croyance. Il la rejette en bloc. Il reconstruit dans son délire, sa position passive d’objet de jouissance d’un A préalable.
Les fake news, armes de « Hold-up »
Authors: Samacher Robert 
Published: July 2021

Cet article s’inspire de l’actualité immédiate et souligne la relation existante entre les fake news(« fausses informations ») et le hold-up de la pensée auquel ces fausses vérités participent. Le dévoiement de la théorie freudienne dans le champ de la psychologie des masses a donné naissance, d’abord aux États-Unis puis dans l’Allemagne hitlérienne à des pratiques de manipulation mentale qui, à partir de visées consuméristes, se sont transformées en propagande politique en vue de l’asservisse-ment et de la destruction de populations entières. Malgré une expérience de plusieurs siècles de civilisation, les peuples sont souvent prêts à suivre des démagogues qui imposent de fausses croyances et qui s’en servent pour asservir et imposer un pouvoir sans limites répondant à leur mégalomanie. Au cours de l’histoire récente, le Président Donald Trump a manipulé le champ de l’information en se saisissant des réseaux sociaux pour diffuser des « fake news » tout en accusant ses adversaires de se livrer à ce genre d’exercice. Le récent documentaire Hold-up diffusé sur les réseaux sociaux est le paradigme actuel de ce type de manipulation et rend bien compte des rumeurs pernicieuses que peuvent susciter des énoncés non étayés dans un montage rappelant fortement les théories du complot.
Donner à contempler une Nativité, d’hier à aujourd’hui Maurice Denis « Nativité » (1894), Musée des Augustins. Toulouse
Authors: Jacquet Marie-Madeleine 
Published: July 2021

Une « Nativité » du peintre Maurice Denis (1894) donne lieu à une étude contemporaine et profane, à distance du fondement religieux traditionnellement associé à l’iconographie de la « Sainte famille ». Sur le modèle du rêve œuvrant par condensation et déplacement (Freud 1900), ce tableau permet de rencontrer différentes facettes du processus créateur.
C’est le « peintre-rêveur » amoureux au moment déterminant où il s’apprête à devenir à 23 ans, père d’un « enfant-roi ».
C’est aussi en lui « l’enfant-chercheur » donnant inconsciemment forme aux phantasmes de scène primitive qui nourrissent inconsciemment la sexualité infantile.
C’est enfin une ouverture sur un futur que nous permet aujourd’hui la contemplation de ce tableau et de façon inattendue, en rattachant quelque peu, le drame des flux migratoires actuels mais aussi la prise de conscience récente d’un accès à de « nouvelles masculinités » à construire…

Il s’agit donc de considérer le « don » de l’artiste comme à la fois, mode d’accès et de connaissance des processus psychiques à l’œuvre, en même temps que mise au présent du passé pour offrir à contemplation à qui veut bien s’y prêter aujourd’hui, et sur le vif, l’actualité socio-culturelle du moment.
Comparison of Two Conjunctival Incision Techniques in Strabismus Operations: Analysis of the Patient Population in 2008, 2010 – 2014
Authors: Froelich Svenja , Viestenz Arne , Bredehorn-Mayr Timm 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Until 2010, the Halle university hospital used the limbal approach in strabismus operations to open the conjunctiva, as first described by Harms in 1949. In 2010, this was changed the to a modified radial incision technique, as inspired by the fornix incision of Harms and the “minimally invasive strabismus surgery” (MISS) technique of D. S. Mojon. The indication is the reduction in complications and protection of the conjunctiva.
Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of cases between 2008 and March 2014 was performed, including a total of 258 patients. 109 patients were treated with the limbal approach and 149 patients with the radial cut. The following aspects were included for comparison: the medium-term control of the squint angle after three months, intra- and postoperative number of complications, duration of the operations. A survey collected the reasons for not taking part in follow-up checks and the alignment of these patients. To compare binary variables, the chi-square-test was used and to compare average terms the unpaired t test, with a level of significance of 0.05%.
Results The results of the postoperative square angles were comparable to both each other as to the literature. The number of complications was kept low in both techniques. The duration of the operations under the radial incision technique was clearly higher. However, throughout the observed years the duration of operations turned out to have decreased. The reasons for not taking part in controls were diverse and the alignment of these patients was high, regardless of the incision technique.
Conclusions The limbal approach was a well-proven method to open the conjunctiva. After changing to the radial incision technique, there was never a negative influence on the results of the surgeries or the rate of complications. The duration of the operations was extended. Superiority of the new technique was not shown. It could however be an alternative, as it spares the conjunctiva and permits glaucoma operations.
Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen
Authors: Boentert Matthias 
Published: July 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSchlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen (SBAS) haben einen hohen bevölkerungsmedizinischen Stellenwert. Sie sind nicht nur mit bekannten Risikofaktoren wie Alter oder Adipositas assoziiert, sondern treten häufig auch im Rahmen neurologischer Erkrankungen auf und spielen eine große Rolle für die Krankheitslast und Prognose betroffener Menschen. Dieser Artikel skizziert die Pathophysiologie der verschiedenen SBAS und ihren spezifischen Stellenwert bei wichtigen neurologischen Krankheitsbildern. Ferner werden die für Neurologen relevanten Grundprinzipien von Diagnostik und Therapie dargestellt.
Behandlung einer symptomatischen Hypersomnie mit Solriamfetol
Authors: Evers Stefan , Wald Susan 
Published: July 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEs wird der Fall eines 34 Jahre alten Patienten berichtet, der nach einer Epstein-Barr-Virus-Infektion eine symptomatische Hypersomnie entwickelt hat. Diese Hypersomnie konnte mit konventionellen Substanzen nicht befriedigend gebessert werden. Unter Solriamfetol kam es zu einer signifikanten Besserung der exzessiven Tagesschläfrigkeit.