bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Eutectic Solvent Induced Porous Conductive Composite for Fully Printed Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor
Authors: Wang Yi‐Fei , Sekine Tomohito , Takeda Yasunori , Hong Jinseo , Yoshida Ayako , Kumaki Daisuke , Shiba Takeo , Tokito Shizuo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractManufacturing flexible pressure sensor using scalable and straightforward process is highly desired for next‐generation wearable electronics and intelligent robots. Here, a fully printed pressure sensor is proposed using a newly developed porous conductive composite. The composite ink is prepared by simply mixing the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), carbon black (CB), and a deep eutectic solvent (DES). The DES induces phase segregation between the PDMS and CB and serves as a liquid template to form the porous structure during the annealing process. This spontaneously formed conductive architecture that has not been previously reported in a printable ink endows superior electrical–mechanical performance to the composites, and significantly simplifies the device fabrication of flexible pressure sensors. The developed pressure sensors exhibit comprehensive performance capabilities appropriate for the wearable device, human–machine interfaces, and robot tactile.
Using edge‐of‐field monitoring to characterize water quality: A farmer cooperative case study in northern Missouri
Authors: Udawatta Ranjith P. , Jose Shibu , Hefner Steven , Brinkman Karen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEdge‐of‐fieldwater quality monitoring was conducted in cooperation with private landowners through the Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watershed Initiative, a landscape conservation program first offered through the USDA‐NRCS in 2010. The study objective was to quantify effectiveness of individual conservation practice or practice combinations on water quality on corn (Zea mays L.)‐soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] watersheds. Water samples from northern Missouri farms were collected and analyzed by runoff event for sediment (total suspended solids [TSS]), N, and P to evaluate the effects of crop production, residue types, and conservation land treatment on runoff. The presence of living vegetation in the winter, whether established as a cover crop or cash crop, significantly reduced the sediment loads (p < .0001) and nutrient loads (p ≤ .0077). Additional benefits occurred on sites that produced higher residues, like corn or corn with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Significantly low TSS losses occurred during soybean years with corn and winter wheat residues. Sites that implemented full land treatment, having conservation practices that serve to avoid, control, and trap a pollutant, were more effective than those with fewer treatments, especially with respect to P loading. The mean rank for orthophosphates was 45% lower from sites with avoid, control, and trap practices instead of control practices only. Data support the conclusion that conservation structural and management practices are effective and can mitigate some negative impacts generated by agriculture. Although an intricate endeavor, edge‐of‐field water quality monitoring can serve to complement other forms of environmental analysis and inform landowners about efficient farming practices.
Mind the gap: Contesting normal/abnormal constructs of human biology and behaviors
Authors: Cullin Jennifer M. , Vitzthum Virginia J. , Wiley Andrea S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTraining in anthropology and evolutionary science ideally prepares scholars to recognize and challenge culturally grounded views of human variation. But upon inspection we find that idealized, and thus perhaps biased, conceptualizations of what is “normal” continue to permeate evaluations of human biology and behaviors. Each of the 13 contributions in this special issue on biological normalcy tackles these concerns as they pertain to some universal, but also variable, human biological or behavioral phenotype. These papers consider the ways in which the term “normal” is used in everyday life, in biomedicine, and in scientific studies to characterize some portion of the variability in a human phenotype. The contributors to this special issue, some of whom present original research findings, discuss the ongoing debates and challenges in the study of human biology and behavior, and critically examine how “normal” is used in their specific research area, thereby exposing and countering biases in the discourse on human phenotypic variation.
Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Mendelian connective tissue disorders to include prominent kidney phenotypes
Authors: Strong Alanna , Skraban Cara , Meyers Kevin , Amaral Sandra , Furth Susan , Drant Stacey , Hsiao Wendy , Galea Lauren , Gold Jessica , Gold Nina B. , Leonard Jacqueline , Lopez Sonya , Zackai Elaine H. , Pyeritz Reed E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHeritable connective tissue disorders are a group of diseases, each rare, characterized by various combinations of skin, joint, musculoskeletal, organ, and vascular involvement. Although kidney abnormalities have been reported in some connective tissue disorders, they are rarely a presenting feature. Here we present three patients with prominent kidney phenotypes who were found by whole exome sequencing to have variants in established connective tissue genes associated with Loeys‐Dietz syndrome and congenital contractural arachnodactyly. These cases highlight the importance of considering connective tissue disease in children presenting with structural kidney disease and also serves to expand the phenotype of Loeys‐Dietz syndrome and possibly congenital contractural arachnodactyly to include cystic kidney disease and cystic kidney dysplasia, respectively.
Vibrational Properties of Pristine and Lithium‐Intercalated Black Phosphorous under High‐Pressure
Authors: Rajapakse Manthila , Musa Md Rajib Khan , Vithanage Dinushika , Abu Usman , Karki Bhupendra , Yu Ming , Jasinski Jacek B. , Sumanasekera Gamini 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStructural evolution of Li‐intercalated and pristine black phosphorous (BP) under high‐pressure (up to ≈8 GPa) is studied using in situ Raman spectroscopy. Even though both materials show a monotonic blueshift of the out‐of‐plane vibrational mode (A1g) with pressure, Li‐intercalated BP do not show a blueshift until a threshold pressure (2.4 GPa) is reached to compensate the structural expansion caused by intercalation. However, the in‐plane modes (B2g and A2g) in each sample respond differently. In the mid‐pressure region, they both show redshifts which in Li‐intercalated BP is also followed by abrupt blueshifts. Such behavior indicates pressure‐induced structural reorganizations inside the material. Computational modeling reveals the existence of a process of P─P bond breaking and reforming in the system due to the redistribution of intercalated Li atoms under pressure. This work shows the significance of combined effect of pressure and intercalation on structural changes in the search for new phases of BP and other two‐dimensional (2D) materials.
Metagenome‐Guided Analogue Synthesis Yields Improved Gram‐Negative‐Active Albicidin‐ and Cystobactamid‐Type Antibiotics
Authors: Wang Zongqiang , Kasper Amanda , Mehmood Rabia , Ternei Melinda , Li Shaogang , Freundlich Joel S. , Brady Sean F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNatural products are a major source of new antibiotics. Here we utilize biosynthetic instructions contained within metagenome‐derived congener biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) to guide the synthesis of improved antibiotic analogues. Albicidin and cystobactamid are the first members of a new class of broad‐spectrum ρ‐aminobenzoic acid (PABA)‐based antibiotics. Our search for PABA‐specific adenylation domain sequences in soil metagenomes revealed that BGCs in this family are common in nature. Twelve BGCs that were bio‐informatically predicted to encode six new congeners were recovered from soil metagenomic libraries. Synthesis of these six predicted structures led to the identification of potent antibiotics with changes in their spectrum of activity and the ability to circumvent resistance conferred by endopeptidase cleavage enzymes.
Preparation of Bulk‐Phase Nitride Perovskite LaReN3 and Topotactic Reduction to LaNiO2‐Type LaReN2
Authors: Kloß Simon D. , Weidemann Martin L. , Attfield J. Paul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhile halide and oxide perovskites are numerous and many display outstanding properties, ABN3 perovskite nitrides are extremely rare due to synthetic challenges arising from the low chemical potential of nitrogen and a tendency to form low‐coordination nitridometallate anions. We report the preparation of a perovskite nitride LaReN3 through azide‐mediated oxidation at high pressure. High‐resolution synchrotron diffraction shows that LaReN3 has a low‐symmetry, triclinic, perovskite superstructure resulting from orbital ordering with strong spin‐orbit coupling distortions. Topotactic reduction of LaReN3 above 500 °C leads to layered tetragonal LaReN2 via a probable LaReN2.5 intermediate, which is the first reported example of nitride defect perovskites. Magnetisation and conductivity measurements indicate that LaReN3 and LaReN2 are both metallic solids. The two chemical approaches presented are expected to lead to new classes of ABN3 and defect ABN3−x nitride perovskite materials.
Eco‐friendly blowing agent, HCFO‐1233zd, for the synthesis of polyurethane foam as cryogenic insulation
Authors: Park Jin‐Seok , Kim Hee‐Tae , Kim Jeong‐Dae , Kim Jeong‐Hyeon , Kim Seul‐Kee , Lee Jae‐Myung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPolyurethane foam is an insulating material, which is adopted in various industrial fields owing to its high compressive strength, low thermal conductivity, and excellent impact resistance. The most important additive in the synthesis process of the polyurethane foam is the blowing agent because it significantly affects the cell structure and density. HFC‐245fa, the most widely used blowing agent, is expected to be terminated under strict environmental regulations owing to its high global warming potential. This study synthesizes a new eco‐friendly polyurethane foam with HCFO‐1223zd in the density range of 90 to 190 kg/m3. After the synthesis process, the microstructural morphology of the HCFO‐1223zd blown polyurethane foam was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the insulation performance was compared to conventional polyurethane foam. Furthermore, mechanical characteristics were investigated at 20 and −163°C temperatures. The results show that the HCFO‐1233zd blown polyurethane foam has superior mechanical and thermal properties compared to the conventional blowing agents.
Influence of graphene nanoplates andABS‐g‐MAHon the thermal, mechanical, and electromagnetic properties ofPC/ABSblend
Authors: dos Anjos Erick Gabriel Ribeiro , de Souza Vieira Leonardo , Marini Juliano , Brazil Tayra Rodrigues , Gomes Newton Adriano Santos , Rezende Mirabel Cerqueira , Passador Fabio Roberto 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPolymeric blends based on polycarbonate (PC) and acrylonitrile–styrene‐butadiene copolymer (ABS) are applied mainly in the electronic and automotive industries. Studies to improve the properties of PC/ABS blend have led to graphene nanoplates (GNP) addition, a carbon nanofiller derived from graphite that presents some of the promising properties of graphene. In this work, the effect of the addition of GNP (3 and 5 wt%) and maleic anhydride grafted ABS (ABS‐g‐MAH) were evaluated on the thermal, mechanical, rheological, and electromagnetic properties of PC/ABS blends (85/15), a different blend ratio of previous studies. It was verified that the GNP addition significantly increased the thermal stability of the blends. Furthermore, the mechanical tests showed that ABS‐g‐MAH acted as an efficient compatibilizer for the PC/ABS blends, and the GNP addition improved the Shore D hardness, the elastic modulus, and the maximum tensile strength of all compositions. Besides, it was observed an overlapping effect of the GNP and ABS‐g‐MAH addition on the mechanical properties of the blend. The addition of 3 wt% GNP to the PC/ABS (85/15) blend also doubled the elongation at break of the material. Furthermore, these contents resulted in a slight increase of the electromagnetic waves attenuation of 1–2 dB associated to electromagnetic waves reflection.
Cellulose and chitosan based magnetic nanocomposite microspheres and its application
Authors: Pan Huiming , Meng Qi , Wang Qiyang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this work, a simple and green method is used to fabricate magnet nanocomposite microspheres (cellulose/chitosan/Fe3O4) based on cellulose/chitosan microsphere via the interaction between metal ions with chitosan. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectra and X‐ray diffraction indicated that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were well‐fixed in the network of cellulose/chitosan microsphere as a result of the chelation role between chitosan and metal ions. Moreover, the morphology of Fe3O4 nanoparticle can be adjusted by changing the chitosan concentration of cellulose/chitosan microsphere. Most important, the catalytic performance of the nanocomposite magnet microsphere was studied, and the magnet nanocomposite microspheres with face‐centered cubic structure and less size of Fe3O4 nanoparticles have shown excellent catalytic performance. Based on their excellent catalytic properties, these magnet cellulose/chitosan/Fe3O4 microspheres have prospect applications in the field of biotechnology and environmental, and so on.
Determinants of large‐scale spatial distribution and seasonal microhabitat selection patterns of the endangered freshwater blenny Salaria fluviatilis in the Ebro River basin, Spain
Authors: Elvira Benigno , Nicola Graciela G. , Ayllón Daniel , Almodóvar Ana 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

The freshwater blenny Salaria fluviatilis is an endangered fish species with populations that are in rapid decline, largely owing to habitat degradation caused by human activity. This situation highlights the urgent need to develop measures for the conservation and recovery of the species based on a deep understanding of its specific habitat requirements.
In this study, spatial distribution and habitat selection patterns were investigated to determine the limiting factors for the species at different times of the year and at different spatial scales, from macro to microhabitats.
The presence of the freshwater blenny was assessed at 127 sites in the Ebro River basin, Spain, between 2002 and 2012. It was only detected at 25 sites, corresponding to the intermediate and lower reaches of medium‐sized tributaries and in the main river, in accordance with the ecology of the species. Whether the species was present depended on the physicochemical, habitat and biological conditions of the study sites. Freshwater blenny was very sensitive to organic pollution and eutrophication, the deterioration of substrate composition and channel structure, and the degradation of aquatic and riparian vegetation.
Freshwater blenny showed a selective use of microhabitat locations with high current velocity, linked to gravel or cobble substrate. It was also observed that the species is capable of adapting its selection behaviour to the flow‐mediated seasonal changes in its physical environment.
Although the results presented indicate that the species is not a microhabitat specialist, individual survival is likely to be dependent on the availability of key microhabitats, which must be protected against detrimental human activity.
Local knowledge surveys with small‐scale fishers indicate challenges to sawfish conservation in southern Papua New Guinea
Authors: Grant Michael I. , White William T. , Amepou Yolarnie , Baje Leontine , Diedrich Amy , Ibana Dotty , Jogo Dick J. , Jogo Stanley , Kyne Peter M. , Li Owen , Mana Ralph , Mapmani Nigel , Nagul Anthony , Roeger Darcy , Simpfendorfer Colin A. , Chin Andrew 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Sawfish (Pristidae) are considered to be among the most threatened families of elasmobranch (sharks and rays). There is a need to gather information on the status of poorly known sawfish populations to assist in global recovery initiatives.
This study used interviews with local fishers to investigate the presence of sawfish in southern Papua New Guinea (PNG) and their interactions with and uses and values for small‐scale fishers.
A range of sawfish size classes are still encountered throughout southern PNG, while juvenile largetooth sawfish Pristis pristis were additionally reported in the freshwater reaches of all rivers surveyed. Reports of large size classes in estuarine and marine environments provide an optimistic outlook that sawfish populations persist throughout southern PNG.
Most fishers that catch sawfish retain them for various uses including consumption and for the sale of meat, fins and occasionally rostra. Negative population trends including decreases in catch frequency and/or size classes were reported by 66% of interviewees, with the largest declines being reported in the Kikori River. The increasing technical capacity of small‐scale fishers, their preference for gillnetting and the emerging market for teleost swim bladder (a high‐value fishery product) present a major ongoing threat to sawfish in southern PNG. Furthermore, the tendency of fishers to kill or remove rostra from entangled sawfish results in high fishing mortality regardless of any use by the fisher.
This study indicates that considerable community engagement will be necessary to manifest any legislative actions or increased enforcement on international trade regulations for sawfish in PNG. This is due to traditional land and waterway ownership values throughout PNG and the local perception of sawfish as a traditional food resource rather than an animal of intrinsic biodiversity value as perceived by global conservationists. Future research should consider exploring culturally appropriate conservation initiatives that are likely to achieve engagement and participation from local fishers.
Dauerhaftigkeitseigenschaften von alternativen Bindemitteln
Authors: Achenbach Rebecca , Kraft Bettina , Ludwig Horst‐Michael , Raupach Michael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVor dem Hintergrund der Klimadebatte werden zur Reduzierung des CO2‐Austoßes vermehrt Alternativen zu Portlandzement als Bindemittel im Beton entwickelt. An diese alternativen Bindemittel werden die gleichen Ansprüche hinsichtlich ihrer Dauerhaftigkeit wie an Portlandzement gestellt. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden Mörtel mit Bindemittel aus den Bindemittelgruppen Portlandzemente, Kompositzemente, CSA‐Zemente, alkaliaktivierte Bindemittel sowie Niedrigtemperatur C‐S‐H‐Binder hinsichtlich ihres Carbonatisierungs‐ und Chlorideindringwiderstands untersucht. Dabei wurden Analysen zu dem pH‐Wert der Porenlösungen, dem Porenvolumen sowie dem Grenzradius mit in die Betrachtungen einbezogen. Es wurde festgestellt, dass für die ausgewählten alternativen Bindemittel die für Portlandzement bekannten Zusammenhänge zwischen Materialeigenschaften und Eindringverhalten von Chlorid und CO2 nur mit Einschränkungen gelten. So konnte zwar ein genereller Zusammenhang zwischen Chloridmigrationskoeffizient und Porenvolumen bestätigt werden. Bei dem Carbonatisierungsfortschritt war dieser Zusammenhang allerdings nicht feststellbar. Im Gegensatz zu konventionellen Zementen konnte kein allgemeingültiger Zusammenhang zwischen dem pH‐Wert und der Carbonatisierungstiefe nachgewiesen werden.
The resilience of green firms in the twirl of COVID‐19: Evidence from S&P500 Carbon Efficiency Index with a Fourier approach
Authors: Koçak Emrah , Bulut Umit , Menegaki Angeliki N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the resilience of environmentally friendly companies in an overwhelming economic and social environment that has been generated after the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic. To this respect, we have investigated the cointegration between the Standard & Poor's (S&P) 500 Carbon Efficiency Index (CEI) with COVID‐19 cases, supplemented with covariates such as government response stringency to the pandemic, economic policy uncertainty, oil prices and global markets fluctuations. We have used daily data from 2nd January to 5th October 2020 and have employed a robust estimator within a Fourier approach to accommodate both sharp and smooth breaks. Our results suggest that green companies have been positively affected by the outbreak of COVID‐19. Our paper provides practical implications for companies that wish to furnish themselves with resilience during rough times and stakeholders who wish to invest in safe, long‐lasting returns.
Novel nanofibrous membrane‐supporting stem cell sheets for plasmid delivery and cell activation to accelerate wound healing
Authors: Zhu Yanxia , Liao Yuqi , Zhang Yuanyuan , Shekh Mehdihasan I. , Zhang Jianhao , You Ziyang , Du Bing , Lian Cuihong , He Qianjun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe integration of biomaterials with cells for high overall performances is vitally important in tissue engineering, as scaffold‐free cell sheet lacks enough mechanical performance and cell viability while cell‐free scaffold possesses limited biological functions. In this study, we propose a new strategy to strengthen cell sheets and enhance cell activity for accelerating wound healing based on a novel sandwich structure of cell sheet‐plasmid@membrane‐cell sheet (CpMC). Specifically, the CpMC contains two adipose‐derived stem cell (ADSC) sheets on outer surfaces and an electrospun gelatin/chitosan nanofibrous membrane (NFM) encapsulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plasmids in between. The physicochemical properties of NFM including swelling, stiffness, strength, elasticity, and biodegradation can be tailored by simply adjusting the ratio between gelatin and chitosan to be 7:3 which is optimal for most effectively supporting ADSCs adhesion and proliferation. The swelling/biodegradation of NFM mediates the sustained release of encapsulated VEGF plasmids into adjacent ADSCs, and NFM assists VEGF plasmids to promote the differentiation of ADSCs into endothelial, epidermal, and fibroblast cells, in support of the neoangiogenesis and regeneration of cutaneous tissues within 2 weeks. The proposed membrane‐supporting cell sheet strategy provides a new route to tissue engineering, and the developed CpMC demonstrates a high potential for clinical translation.
Harness the functions of gut microbiome in tumorigenesis for cancer treatment
Authors: Lee Mong‐Hong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt has been shown that gut microbiota dysbiosis leads to physiological changes and links to a number of diseases, including cancers. Thus, many cancer categories and treatment regimens should be investigated in the context of the microbiome. Owing to the availability of metagenome sequencing and multiomics studies, analyses of species characterization, host genetic changes, and metabolic profile of gut microbiota have become feasible, which has facilitated an exponential knowledge gain about microbiota composition, taxonomic alterations, and host interactions during tumorigenesis. However, the complexity of the gut microbiota, with a plethora of uncharacterized host‐microbe, microbe‐microbe, and environmental interactions, still contributes to the challenge of advancing our knowledge of the microbiota‐cancer interactions. These interactions manifest in signaling relay, metabolism, immunity, tumor development, genetic instability, sensitivity to cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This review summarizes current studies/molecular mechanisms regarding the association between the gut microbiota and the development of cancers, which provides insights into the therapeutic strategies that could be harnessed for cancer diagnosis, treatment, or prevention.