bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D crustal structure of the Ligurian Basin revealed by surface wave tomography using ocean bottom seismometer data
Authors: Wolf Felix N. , Lange Dietrich , Dannowski Anke , Thorwart Martin , Crawford Wayne , Wiesenberg Lars , Grevemeyer Ingo , Kopp Heidrun ,   the AlpArray Working Group
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The Liguro-Provençal basin was formed as a back-arc basin of
the retreating Calabrian–Apennines subduction zone during the Oligocene and
Miocene. The resulting rotation of the Corsica–Sardinia block is associated
with rifting, shaping the Ligurian Basin. It is still debated whether
oceanic or atypical oceanic crust was formed or if the crust is continental
and experienced extreme thinning during the opening of the basin. We perform
ambient noise tomography, also taking into account teleseismic events, using
an amphibious network of seismic stations, including 22 broadband ocean
bottom seismometers (OBSs), to investigate the lithospheric structure of the
Ligurian Basin. The instruments were installed in the Ligurian Basin for
8 months between June 2017 and February 2018 as part of the AlpArray
seismic network. Because of additional noise sources in the ocean, OBS data
are rarely used for ambient noise studies. However, we carefully pre-process
the data, including corrections for instrument tilt and seafloor compliance
and excluding higher modes of the ambient-noise Rayleigh waves. We calculate
daily cross-correlation functions for the AlpArray OBS array and surrounding
land stations. We also correlate short time windows that include teleseismic
earthquakes, allowing us to derive surface wave group velocities for longer
periods than using ambient noise only. We obtain group velocity maps by
inverting Green's functions derived from the cross-correlation of ambient
noise and teleseismic events, respectively. We then used the resulting 3D
group velocity information to calculate 1D depth inversions for S-wave
velocities. The group velocity and shear-wave velocity results compare well
to existing large-scale studies that partly include the study area. In onshore France, we observe a high-velocity area beneath the Argentera Massif,
roughly 10 km below sea level. We interpret this as the root of the
Argentera Massif. Our results add spatial resolution to known seismic
velocities in the Ligurian Basin, thereby augmenting existing seismic
profiles. In agreement with existing seismic studies, our shear-wave
velocity maps indicate a deepening of the Moho from 12 km at the
south-western basin centre to 20–25 km at the Ligurian coast in the north-east
and over 30 km at the Provençal coast. The maps also indicate that the
south-western and north-eastern Ligurian Basin are structurally separate. The
lack of high crustal vP/vS ratios beneath the south-western part of
the Ligurian Basin preclude mantle serpentinisation there.
Imaginación literaria y neoaristotelismo en los orígenes del proyecto filosófico de Martha Nussbaum
Authors: Pinedo Cantillo Iván Alfonso , Yáñez Canal Jaime 
Published: November 2021

La imaginación literaria y su relación con la vida moral ocupa un lugar destacado dentro del proyecto filosófico de Martha Nussbaum. Desde sus años de estudios doctorales en Harvard, la filósofa encontró importantes eslabonamientos entre las tramas narrativas y un sentido normativo de la vida que emerge al contemplar diversos personajes que actúan en la contingencia, y que ponen al descubierto nuestra radical vulnerabilidad. De acuerdo con esto, en este artículo se reconstruyen aspectos importantes de la herencia cultural que Martha Nussbaum recibe de la literatura y la filosofía griega antiguas, haciendo un énfasis en la manera como la autora establece innovadoras conexiones entre la imaginación literaria y la filosofía práctica de Aristóteles para cimentar un proyecto filosófico que hoy en día brinda luces para comprender aspectos de nuestra vida emocional, y de nuestra aspiración a construir sociedades más justas y solidarias.
Trauma and Development Education Monitor: et nytt instrument for å måle traumekompetanse
Authors: Nordanger Dag Øystein , Gjestad Rolf , Solhaug Pål , Andersen Anette , Bræin Mari Kjølseth , Johannessen Kaja Næss , Lundegaard Anders , Ormhaug Silje Mørup , Andersson Grethe Janicke , Gran Jorunn , Hafstad Gertrud Sofie , Hanssen Tina , Johansen Venke Agnes , Simonsen Ane Heiberg , Steinkopf Heine , Johansson Espen Rutle 
Published: November 2021

There is a need to assess whether the resources invested in building trauma competence in services actually lead to higher levels of competence. For this purpose, we have developed an instrument called the Trauma and Development Education Monitor (TANDEM). The present article presents the process behind developing the instrument and an initial study of its psychometric properties. The tested version consisted of 59 items distributed across the domains of readiness, agency, reflexivity, knowledge, practice and culture at work. Based on responses from 415 professionals in relevant services, concept and criterion validity was examined through reliability analyses, factor analyses and regression analyses. Based on the analyses, the tested version was reduced to 54 items in the final version, distributed across the same six domains. As dimensions, the domains generally showed good scale reliability, and for the final version factor analyses confirmed a one-dimensional model for all domains. The instrument discriminated between respondents who reported more versus less previously received trauma competence building and showed specificity as a measure of trauma versus more general competence. The results indicate that TANDEM has the potential to become a useful tool in endeavours to implement trauma competence in services, as well as in research activities in this field.
Keywords: trauma, competence, instrument, validity
Merknad: Forfatterne oppgir ingen interesse­konflikter
Fagfellevurdert
Bernard Shaw, New Journalist (1885–1898)
Authors: Gahan Peter 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
As Shaw's authorized biographer Archibald Henderson put it in the second of three biographies: “While Shaw may have a dozen labels—art critic, music critic, drama critic, novelist, dramatist, rationalist, Socialist, publicist, harlequin, sage, statesman, prophet—he has only one profession: journalism.”1 Especially remembered now for his achievements as playwright, whether in the vanguard of the New Drama at the end of the nineteenth century or as the established dramatist of world fame throughout the first half of the twentieth, Shaw worked first and last as a journalist in a working life stretching seventy-five years. Dan H. Laurence devoted nearly three hundred pages of the second volume of Bernard Shaw: A Bibliography (1983) itemizing Shaw's contributions to newspapers and periodicals between 1875 and 1950, amounting to almost four thousand entries.2 For fourteen of those years, from 1885 to 1898, he led the career of a full-time journalist, mostly as a critic of the fine arts, but criticism was by no means the whole story of Bernard Shaw's fourteen-year career as a full-time journalist sketched out in what follows.
Exploring Sustainability Reports in The Indonesian Palm Oil Industry
Authors: Soleha Nurhayati , Rosiana Rita 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to assess the quality and maturity of sustainability reports of palm oil companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The findings indicate that there are few differences in the maturity levels of palm oil companies in implementing sustainability reporting based on GRI standards and the maturity sustainability reporting at a moderate level of relevant information. The majority of disclosure of sustainability reports is general disclosures and less present in economic and environmental disclosures. Companies need to improve the quality of their sustainability reporting and strengthen the validity of the measurement. Sustainability reports have the potential to improve the sustainability agenda by allowing management and shareholders to make more informed decisions about sustainability initiatives.
Fertilizer integration on cacao cum rubber: implications on cacao growth, yield, disease occurrence and profitability
Authors: Jr Noe S Mamon 
Published: November 2021

This study was conducted to enhance the growth and yield performance of cacao trees under mature rubber for one (1) fruiting season through the integration of urea and vermicompost. The experimental design was set in factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with a total of 15 treatment combinations. The treatments were three rates of urea (0, 100 and 200 g/tree) and five rates of vermicompost (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 kg/tree). The trunk circumference, leaf length and width, number of pods developed and harvested, pod and bean character, soil OM%, leaf Nitrogen content and prevalence of pest and diseases were evaluated. The application of 200g urea per tree produced significant increase from 4.86 to 8.44 kg (73.66% increase) in weight of harvested pods and from 23.32 to 26.40 g/pod (13.21% increase) dry bean weight and significant decrease in the pod index from 43.39 to 38.45 (11.36% decrease). Moreover, the heaviest and thickest pod husk was obtained from plants applied with 100 grams urea + 1.5 kg vermicompost. The highest mean number of beans/pod was obtained from trees applied with 100 â€“ 200 g urea + 1.5 â€“ 3.0 kg vermicompost.Â The soil organic matter content (%) and leaf N was slightly increased by application of fertilizer treatments.Â Pod borer infestation and nematode population were significantly affected by application of urea and vermicompost. Application of 100 g urea/tree or 3.5 bags/ha gave the highest return of investment and was the most profitable source of nutrient.
Parents’ Involvement in High-Stakes Language Assessment A Review of Test Impact on Parent Behavior
Authors: Zhang Jing 
Published: November 2021

This paper reviews a total of 20 empirical research studies concerning parents&rsquo; behavior under the context of high-stakes language assessment, aiming to reveal the impact of the assessment on parents&rsquo; behavior. The results show that (1) parents are typically involved in high-stakes language assessment process; (2) their involvement practice includes general (such as hiring tutors for children) and extreme involvement behavior (such as participating in movement against high-stakes testing); (3) no unanimous conclusion is reached concerning the effectiveness of parents&rsquo; involvement in high-stakes language assessment; (4) multiple factors that affect parents&rsquo; involvement in high-stakes language assessment are identified, including parents&rsquo; perceptions of tests, their educational background, and the time they spend with their children. This study concludes that tests might influence the ways parents are involved in children&rsquo;s education. However, not all parents might be influenced by testing, and testing might have a positive impact on some parents but a negative impact on others. This synthesis has several practical implications. Firstly, it indicates that parents&rsquo; involvement behavior in the context of high-stakes language assessment deserves to be further investigated. Secondly, it points that various intervention programs should be provided for parents to help them better support their children&rsquo;s learning and test preparation. The paper also offers several suggestions for future research.
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Characteristics of Atmospheric Particle-bound Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds over the Himalayan Middle Hills: Implications for Sources and Health Risk Assessment
Authors: Maharjan Linda , Tripathee Lekhendra , Kang Shichang , Ambade Balram , Chen Pengfei , Zheng Huijun , Li Quanlian , Shrestha Kundan Lal , Sharma Chhatra Mani 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study was conducted in the Central Himalayan middle hills to understand the nature of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) embedded in aerosol particles, their sources and human health risk assessments. The level of sum of 15 particle-phase PAHs was between 9 and 335 ng/m3, with an average concentration of 73±66 ng/m3. There were strong seasonal differences in total suspended particles (TSP) and particle-bound PAH concentrations with higher concentrations in winter, followed by pre-monsoon and lowest in monsoon. The main contributor to the suspended particles was 5-ring PAHs (32%), followed by 4-ring (29%), 6-ring (28%), and 3-ring PAHs (11%). Conversely, the gas-phase PAHs showed that 3-ring PAHs contributed utmost to the total particles. The molecular ratios and principal component analysis indicated that both petrogenic and pyrogenic sources, particularly fossil fuel combustion, biomass combustion, and car exhausts, were the major sources of PAHs. The overall average Benzo (a)pyrene equivalent concentration of particulate PAHs was 11.71 ng/m3, which substantially exceeded the WHO guideline (1 ng/m3), and indicated the potential health risks for local residents. The average lifetime inhalation cancer risk (ILCR) estimates associated with carcinogenic PAHs was 8.78×10−6 for adults, suggesting the possible cancer risk and 2.47×10−5 for children, signifying extreme carcinogenic effects of PAHs on children’s health. Therefore, strict measures should be taken to reduce PAHs emissions in the region.
Excisional lipectomy versus liposuction in HIV-associated lipodystrophy
Authors: Barton Natalie , Moore Ryan , Prasad Karthik , Evans Gregory 
Published: November 2021

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipodystrophy is a known consequence of long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, a significant number of patients on HAART therapy were left with the stigmata of complications, including fat redistribution. Few studies have described the successful removal of focal areas of lipohypertrophy with successful outcomes. This manuscript reviews the outcomes of excisional lipectomy versus liposuction for HIV-associated cervicodorsal lipodystrophy.
Methods We performed a 15-year retrospective review of HIV-positive patients with lipodystrophy. Patients were identified by query of secure operative logs. Data collected included demographics, medications, comorbidities, duration of HIV, surgical intervention type, pertinent laboratory values, and the amount of tissue removed.
Results Nine male patients with HIV-associated lipodystrophy underwent a total of 17 procedures. Of the patients who underwent liposuction initially (n=5), 60% (n=3) experienced a recurrence. There were a total of three cases of primary liposuction followed by excisional lipectomy. One hundred percent of these cases were noted to have a recurrence postoperatively, and there was one case of seroma formation. Of the subjects who underwent excisional lipectomy (n=4), there were no documented recurrences; however, one patient’s postoperative course was complicated by seroma formation.
Conclusions HIV-associated lipodystrophy is a disfiguring complication of HAART therapy with significant morbidity. Given the limitations of liposuction alone as the primary intervention, excisional lipectomy is recommended as the primary treatment. Liposuction may be used for better contouring and for subsequent procedures. While there is a slightly higher risk for complications, adjunctive techniques such as quilting sutures and placement of drains may be used in conjunction with excisional lipectomy.
Experiences and attitudes toward aesthetic procedures in East Asia: a cross-sectional survey of five geographical regions
Authors: Kwon Soo-Ha , Lao William Wei-Kai , Lee Che-Hsiung , Hsu Angela Ting-Wei , Koide Satomi , Chen Hsing-Yu , Cho Ki-Hyun , Tanaka Eiko , Cheon Young-Woo , Chang Tommy Nai-Jen 
Published: November 2021

Background The demand for aesthetic procedures continues to grow globally, particularly in East Asian countries. The popularity of specific aesthetic procedures varies, however, depending on the particular East Asian geographical region being studied. This study aimed to evaluate the experiences of and attitudes toward aesthetic procedures in five East Asian countries/regions, including China, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.
Methods To recruit participants, an online questionnaire was designed and distributed on social media networks between May 2015 and March 2016. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, version 22.0.
Results A total of 3,088 people responded (approximately 600 in each country/region). Of these, 940 participants (47.8%) responded that they had experienced at least one aesthetic procedure in the past. Taiwan had the highest number of participants who had experienced at least one procedure (264/940, 41%), with primarily non-surgical experiences. Only in South Korea did surgical cosmetic experiences exceed non-surgical cosmetic experiences (55.9% vs. 44.1%). The popularity of particular procedures and the motivation for undergoing aesthetic procedures varied by country.
Conclusions The popularity of aesthetic procedures continues to evolve. Similar trends were observed across the East Asian regions; however, each country had its unique demands and preferences. The information provided by this study can help aesthetic plastic surgeons further understand the patients in their corresponding region, customize their practice, and develop the requisite skills.
Secondary nipple reconstruction using two surgical techniques
Authors: Chung Jae-Ho , Kim Da-Som , Yeo Hyun-Dong , Jung Seung-Pil , Park Seung-Ha , Yoon Eul-Sik 
Published: November 2021

Background Although the initial projection after primary nipple reconstruction is excellent, nipple projection gradually flattens in most cases due to multiple causes. Although various methods have been reported to rebuild the nipple after nipple flattening, the most effective method of secondary nipple reconstruction remains unknown. The aim of this study was to review our institution’s experiences with secondary nipple reconstruction.
Methods We conducted a retrospective review from March 2012 to January 2019. We performed secondary nipple reconstruction if the primary reconstructed nipple height differed by more than 6 mm from the normal nipple height. We chose the method of nipple revision according to the degree of tissue scarring and the remaining nipple projection.
Results We performed secondary nipple reconstruction on a total of 27 nipples, using pursestring sutures for 19 nipples and star flaps in eight nipples. The median follow-up period was 8 months (range, 6–19 months) after the final nipple reconstruction. Among the 19 nipples reconstructed using purse-string sutures, 10 (53%) demonstrated acceptable projection of more than 5 mm. Among the eight nipples reconstructed using star flaps, six (75%) showed acceptable projection of more than 5 mm. Most of the patients (73%) were satisfied (scores of 4 or 5) with the nipple reconstruction overall.
Conclusions Few studies have presented favorable outcomes of secondary nipple reconstruction. When the star flap and purse-string suture methods were used depending on the remaining nipple height and scarring, appropriate projection could be achieved.
Reconstruction of congenital microtia after ear canaloplasty using V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap
Authors: Park Hae Yeon , Lee Kyeong-Tae , Kim Eun-Ji , Oh Kap Sung 
Published: November 2021

Background Reconstruction of congenital microtia remains challenging, particularly in patients with a history of ear canaloplasty due to insufficient regional soft tissue. The insertion of a tissue expander prior to implantation of the cartilage framework has traditionally been employed. However, this procedure could induce additional morbidity. Herein, we present a method using V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap to gain additional soft tissue in these challenging cases.
Methods Congenital microtia patients with a history of ear canaloplasty who underwent auricular reconstruction using the Nagata technique between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed. To obtain additional soft tissue, V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap was performed concurrently with implantation of the costal cartilage framework, without prior insertion of a tissue expander. The outcomes of these patients with respect to postoperative complications and esthetics were evaluated.
Results Eight patients with bilateral lesions were included. No specific complications developed after the first-stage surgery. However, one patient experienced complications after the second stage (auricular elevation). An analysis of the esthetic results showed most patients had excellent outcomes, achieving a satisfactory convolution. The median number of operations needed to complete reconstruction was 2, which was fewer than required using the conventional method with prior insertion of a tissue expander.
Conclusions In patients with a history of previous canaloplasty, V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap could serve as an alternative to tissue expansion for microtia reconstruction. This technique provided reliable and satisfactory results with a reduced number of surgical stages.
Outcomes of grafted skin on the dorsum of the foot after car-tire friction injuries
Authors: Kim Shin Hyun , Lee Won Jai 
Published: November 2021

Background A car-tire friction injury on the dorsum of a child’s foot often results in hypertrophic scarring of the wound margins. This study describes the clinical appearance of the injured areas and surgical complications that occurred during the follow-up period in a series of children with car-tire friction injuries who were treated with split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs). We describe the clinical features that we believe need to be highlighted when initially treating car-tire injuries in children.
Methods From May 2003 to June 2016, our retrospective study included 15 patients with car-tire injuries on the dorsum of the foot who were treated with surgical excision and STSG to cover the wound.
Results A total of 15 patients with car-tire injuries were treated. The average age was 6.26 years old. The average injury grade was 3.26. Two patients were treated using delayed repair, and 13 patients received STSG for initial management. Four patients experienced no complications, while 11 patients had hypertrophic scars and/or scar contracture after surgery.
Conclusions A car-tire friction injury on the dorsum of a child’s foot often results in hypertrophic scar formation or scar contracture even if proper management is undertaken. Since the occurrence of these complications in childhood can lead to a secondary deformity, it is important to properly treat car-tire friction wounds, inform patients and caregivers about potential complications, and ensure regular follow-up evaluations over a 12-month period following the initial surgery.