bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Waveguide‐Coupled Colloidal Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes and Detectors on a Silicon Nitride Platform
Authors: Elsinger Lukas , Petit Robin , Van Acker Frederik , Zawacka Natalia K. , Tanghe Ivo , Neyts Kristiaan , Detavernier Christophe , Geiregat Pieter , Hens Zeger , Van Thourhout Dries 
Published: May 2021

AbstractColloidal quantum dots (QDs) are an attractive light source for visible photonics, in particular their widely tunable emission wavelength, inexpensive wet‐chemical synthesis and straight‐forward hybrid integration can make the difference. In this work, integrated light‐emitting diodes are demonstrated based on CdSe/CdS QDs, with the emission directly coupled to a silicon nitride waveguide. The devices feature a record current density of up to 100 A cm−2 and a maximum on‐chip power density of almost 1.5 W cm−2 in a single‐mode waveguide. Operated as detectors, the photodiodes have a low dark current of 1.5 µA cm−2. It is anticipated, that the devices will find an application in chip‐based absorption spectroscopy and bio‐sensing, as they can be post‐processed on foundry‐fabricated waveguide platforms, at a low cost. In addition, this approach provides the missing low‐loss waveguide layer, necessary for building an electrically pumped laser using colloidal QDs.
In‐depth investigation of altered glycosylation in human haptoglobin associated cancer by mass spectrometry
Authors: Oh Myung Jin , Lee Sung Hyeon , Kim Unyoung , An Hyun Joo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSerum haptoglobin (Hp), a highly sialylated biomolecule with four N‐glycosylation sites, is a positive acute‐phase response glycoprotein that acts as an immunomodulator. Hp has gained considerable attention due to its potential as a signature molecule that exhibits aberrant glycosylation in inflammatory disorders and malignancies. Its glycosylation can be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by various methods using mass spectrometry. In this review, we have provided a brief overview of Hp structure and biological function and described mass spectrometry‐based techniques for analyzing glycosylation ranging from macroheterogeneity to microheterogeneity of Hp in diseases and cancer. The sugars on haptoglobin can be a sweet bridge to link the potential of cancer‐specific biomarkers to clinically relevant applications.
A single setup approach for the MRI‐based measurement and validation of the transfer function of elongated medical implants
Authors: Stijnman Peter R. S. , Erturk M. Arcan , van den Berg Cornelis A. T. , Raaijmakers Alexander J. E. 
Published: May 2021

PurposeTo propose a single setup using the MRI to both measure and validate the transfer function (TF) of linear implants. Conventionally, the TF of an implant is measured in one bench setup and validated using another.MethodsIt has been shown that the TF can be measured using MRI. To validate this measurement, the implant is exposed to different incident electric fields, while the temperature increase at the tip is monitored. For a good validation, the incident electric fields that the implant is exposed to should be orthogonal. We perform a simulation study on six different methods that change the incident electric field. Afterward, a TF measurement and validation study using the best method from the simulations is performed. This is done with fiberoptic temperature probes at 1.5 T for four linear implant structures using the proposed single setup.ResultsThe simulation study showed that positioning local transmit coils at different locations along the lead trajectory has a similar validation quality compared with changing the implant trajectory (ie, the conventional validation method). For the validation study that was performed, an R2 ≥ 0.91 was found for the four investigated leads.ConclusionA single setup to both measure and validate the transfer function using local transmit coils has been shown to work. The benefits of using the proposed validation method are that there is only one setup required instead of two and the implant trajectory is not varied; therefore, the relative distance between the leap tip and the temperature probe is constant.
Exploring Legacy Data Sets to Infer Spatial and Temporal Trends in the Ictalurid Assemblage of an Atlantic Slope River
Authors: Rachels Kyle T. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Cape Fear River basin is located along the southeastern Atlantic Slope and is the largest river basin located within North Carolina. Historically, the ictalurid assemblage was characterized by five species of bullhead Ameiurus spp. and three species of madtom Noturus spp. Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus were introduced in the early 20th century, followed by Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris in 1965 and Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus in 1966. Long-term analysis of the ictalurid assemblage has been confounded by disparate data sets in both electronic and historical paper-based document archives. The goal of this study was to merge contemporary and legacy agency data sets to elucidate spatial and temporal trends in the ictalurid assemblage of the Cape Fear River basin. Rotenone surveys conducted in the 1960s documented abundant madtoms and White Catfish Ameiurus catus throughout the basin. Native species comprised the majority of the ictalurid assemblage through the early 1990s. Since 1990, Blue and Flathead catfish have been the dominant species observed. The largest native ictalurid, the White Catfish, has not been collected since 2008. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling suggests that native ictalurids were more prevalent in small tributaries with increasing distance from the initial adult Flathead Catfish stocking location. Despite the widespread distribution and abundance of nonnative ictalurids, several native species are still found in small tributaries in upstream watersheds. The North Carolina Catfish Management Plan prioritizes the conservation of native ictalurids in the state's Atlantic Slope rivers; however, some species may already be extirpated.
Environmental Conditions Associated with Occurrences of the Threatened Yaqui Catfish in the Yaqui River Basin, Mexico
Authors: Hafen Thomas , Taylor Andrew T. , Hendrickson Dean A. , Stewart David R. , Long James M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Yaqui Catfish Ictalurus pricei is an understudied species, with limited information available on its ecology, distribution, and local habitat use. Native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, Yaqui Catfish populations are declining, which has prompted listing of the species as threatened in the United States and as a species of concern in Mexico. Water overallocation, habitat degradation, invasive species introductions, and hybridization with nonnative Channel Catfish I. punctatus have caused the populations in Mexico to decline. The United States population collapsed after years of low recruitment. To better focus conservation efforts as well as define habitat associated with Yaqui Catfish occurrences, we assessed the distribution in the Yaqui River basin of Mexico by using historical data at a landscape scale. Yaqui Catfish were historically found across the watershed among a diversity of environments but were most frequently associated with small, intermittent streams. Basin land cover was dominated by forest, shrubland, and grassland, and Yaqui Catfish generally occurred in stream segments at similar proportions. However, a small number of Yaqui Catfish occurrences were associated with urban and cropland land cover types in proportions greater than the availability of those categories on the landscape. With the species facing declines in the region, this work will help to inform future conservation efforts aimed at securing the Yaqui Catfish, protecting suitable habitat, and better defining its current status in Mexico.
Evaluation of the female bladder neck and urethra using MRI with fiber tractography: Prospective study on a large cohort of continent women
Authors: Roy Catherine , Ohana Mickael , Labani Aissam , Tricard Thibault , Saussine Christian , Leyendecker Pierre 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsTo prospectively evaluate the performance of a last generation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device with tractography to identify the normal female urethral sphincters in terms of morphology and quantification on a large cohort of continent women.MethodsWe have recorded the data of 75 continent women who underwent a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) sequence with fiber tractography during a pelvic MR examination. Three groups of age were analyzed in terms of color fiber tracking quality and quantitative parameters (fractional anisotropy [FA] and mean diffusibility [MD]). Statistical analysis was done for the qualitative assessment using weighted kappa statistics of Cohen and for the quantitative parameters using a non‐parametric Kruskal–Wallis test.ResultsFor all cases, fiber‐tracking resulted in a satisfactory representation of the complexity of the orientation of the fibers. The interobserver concordance of qualitative data was substantial, calculated at 0.78 (confidence interval: 0.71–0.85). For FA, there was no statistically significant difference with the age between the three urethral segments (p > 0.05). However, we registered a significant difference inside each group between the different segments (p < 0.05), corresponding to different orientation of fibers. For MD, we have found a statistically significant difference both between levels inside each group and according the age, meaning a variation of the water mobility for each type of musculature and with age (p < 0.05).ConclusionDTI with fiber tractography performed on a recent MR unit is a robust method for the three‐dimensional visualization of the details and connections of the urethral female sphincters. Quantitative variations with age need to be considered.
What are the chances of improvement or cure from overactive bladder? A pooled responder analysis of efficacy and treatment emergent adverse events following treatment with fesoterodine
Authors: Wagg Adrian S. , Herschorn Sender , Carlsson Martin , Fernet Mireille , Oelke Matthias 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimThis study describes patients with different degrees and combinations of symptom resolution in response to fesoterodine exposure to aid physicians in counselling patients with overactive bladder (OAB) on the likelihood of treatment success.MethodsData came from 12‐week fixed‐dose studies of fesoterodine. The proportions of patients experiencing symptom resolution and change in patient‐reported outcome measures (PROM) at 4, 8, and 12 weeks were calculated. Treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAE) were reported according to response in urinary urgency episodes (UUE). The relationship between PROM and response was examined.ResultsOut of 6689 patients, 81.6% female, urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) episodes/24 h were more responsive to fesoterodine than UUE; with roughly 50% of patients reporting a 50% reduction and fewer than 10% reporting absence of UUE at 12 weeks compared to approximately 40%–50% reporting absence of UUI. TEAE was numerically lower in patients with greater response. There was a statistically significant relationship between improvement in urinary urgency and associated change in OAB‐q symptom bother scores, r = 0.54, p < 0.001. At Week 4, 64.0%–76.7% of patients who had achieved a significant change in Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC) had a 50% reduction in UUI. At Week 12 this proportion was between 80% and 87.9%, with those being exposed to fesoterodine treatment reporting response in PPBC at numerically higher rates.ConclusionThese data provide clinicians with information from which they may usefully communicate the likelihood of symptom resolution in response to pharmacotherapy for OAB and answer a key clinical question posed by many care providers. Roughly ⅓ of fesoterodine treated patients reported a 50% reduction urgency and ¾ reported 50% resolution of incontinence at 12 weeks. Total resolution of all symptoms was seldom achieved.
Differences in surgical and functional outcomes in benign prostate hyperplasia patients with only lower urinary tract symptoms versus those in retention: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Law Yu Xi Terence , Castellani Daniele , Dell'atti Lucio , Aho Tevita , Teoh Jeremy Yuen‐Chun , Gauhar Vineet 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsTo evaluate outcomes after benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) surgery among men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) only versus those with urinary retention (UR).MethodsThe protocol was registered in PROSPERO with ID#232253. Eligible studies identified from four electronic databases. Search, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Studies with perioperative, functional, early and late complication outcomes included.ResultsTwenty‐five studies, 14 593 patients including 1 randomized controlled trial, 11 prospective and 13 retrospective studies included for meta‐analysis. This showed higher risk of immediate transient recatherization (risk ratio [RR]: 5.29, p < 0.00001), longer days to trial‐off‐catheter (mean difference [MD]: 0.25, p < 0.00001), longer hospitalization stay in the UR group (MD: 0.35, p < 0.00001), and higher risk of intraoperative blood transfusions (RR: 1.90, p = 0.002), postoperative urinary tract infections (RR: 1.49, p < 0.00001) and sepsis (RR: 8.15, p = 0.009) too. Failure of surgery like permanent recatheterization (RR: 5.27, p < 0.00001) was more in preoperative UR group. Negligible differences seen in long term functional outcomes between the two groups (International Prostate Symptom Score at 12 months, MD: −0.06, p = 0.68; Quality of Life at 12 months, MD: 0.20, p < 0.00001; maximum urinary flow rate at 12 months, MD: −0.33, p = 0.10; and postvoid residual volume at 12 months, MD: 4.32, p < 0.00001).ConclusionsPreoperative UR patients undergoing surgery for BPH have higher risk of postoperative complications versus LUTS only group including the need for permanent catheterization. Both groups had similar long‐term functional outcomes. We could infer that patients with UR on whom surgery is successful, with time may recover bladder function akin to patients with LUTS alone.
Nurses' assessments of horizontal collaboration in municipal health and care services for older adults: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Skinner Marianne S. , Veenstra Marijke , Sogstad Maren 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInterprofessional and interorganizational collaboration is considered key to achieving high‐quality care and positive patient outcomes, but there is limited research into how nurses working in nursing homes and home care services perceive collaboration with other municipal health and care service providers and how their assessments of collaboration vary with individual characteristics and context. The objective of this study was to map variation in nurses' assessments of horizontal collaboration with core care services for older adults, specifically nursing homes, home care services, general practitioners, the allocation office and physio‐ and occupational therapy services. The study draws on findings from a nationwide cross‐sectional survey on posthospital care for older adults, conducted among nurses working in nursing homes and home care services in Norway (N = 3717). Nurses were asked to assess collaboration with these five services. Independent variables were workplace, age, years at current workplace, part‐time work, postgraduate education, and municipality size. Statistical analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA). A majority of nurses evaluated horizontal collaboration as good. Collaboration with the home care services was evaluated as best, while collaboration with general practitioners was evaluated as least good. The study showed that workplace and municipality size were important for nurses' assessments of collaboration. Generally, nurses in smaller municipalities evaluated collaboration as better than nurses in larger municipalities. That workplace and municipality size impact on nurses' evaluations of collaboration in municipal care services for older adults is important knowledge for leaders and policy‐makers aiming to improve patient care and teamwork.
Professional quality of life, self‐compassion, resilience, and empathy in healthcare professionals during COVID‐19 crisis in Spain
Authors: Ruiz‐Fernández María D. , Ramos‐Pichardo Juan D. , Ibáñez‐Masero Olivia , Carmona‐Rega María I. , Sánchez‐Ruiz Máximo J. , Ortega‐Galán Ángela M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe coronavirus pandemic has exposed healthcare professionals to suffering and stressful working conditions. The aim of this study was to analyze professional quality of life among healthcare professionals and its relationship with empathy, resilience, and self‐compassion during the COVID‐19 crisis in Spain. A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 506 healthcare professionals, who participated by completing an online questionnaire. A descriptive correlational analysis was performed. A multivariate regression analysis and a decision tree were used to identify the variables associated with professional quality of life. Empathy, resilience, and mindfulness were the main predictors of compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and burnout, respectively.
Prognostic Factors for Overall Survival in Patients with Hormone Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer: Analyses From PALOMA-3
Authors: Rugo Hope S. , Cristofanilli Massimo , Loibl Sybille , Harbeck Nadia , DeMichele Angela , Iwata Hiroji , Park Yoon Hee , Brufsky Adam , Theall Kathy Puyana , Huang Xin , McRoy Lynn , Bananis Eustratios , Turner Nicholas C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis analysis investigated whether baseline characteristics affect the survival benefit derived from palbociclib-fulvestrant and the optimal timing of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor therapy for advanced breast cancer (ABC) in patients from PALOMA-3.Patients and MethodsIn total, 521 patients were randomized 2:1 to receive palbociclib (125 mg/day, 3/1 schedule)–fulvestrant (500 mg, intramuscular injection, on days 1 and 15 of cycle 1, and then day 1 of each subsequent cycle) or matching placebo-fulvestrant. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.ResultsMultivariable analysis identified endocrine sensitivity, nonvisceral disease, no prior chemotherapy for ABC, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 0 as significant prognostic factors for OS. Patients without chemotherapy for ABC had fewer prior lines of treatment in any setting and in the ABC setting versus patients with prior chemotherapy for ABC (two or fewer prior systemic therapies: 69% vs. 42%; no more than one prior line for ABC: 82% vs. 33%, respectively). Median OS was prolonged with palbociclib-fulvestrant in patients without prior chemotherapy for ABC (39.7 vs. 29.5 months; hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56–1.01) and was similar in patients with prior chemotherapy for ABC (25.6 vs. 26.2 months; hazard ratio, 0.91 [95% CI: 0.63–1.32]) versus placebo-fulvestrant.ConclusionPrognostic factors for OS included endocrine sensitivity, nonvisceral disease, ECOG PS of 0, and no prior chemotherapy for ABC. Exploratory analyses suggest improved OS with palbociclib-fulvestrant versus placebo-fulvestrant in patients with no prior chemotherapy for ABC, prior endocrine sensitivity, and fewer prior regimens of systemic therapy. (Clinical trial identification number: NCT01942135).Implications for PracticePrognostic factors for overall survival in HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer (ABC) include the absence of prior chemotherapy in the advanced setting, endocrine sensitivity, nonvisceral disease, and an ECOG performance status of 0. Improved overall survival benefit was observed with palbociclib-fulvestrant versus placebo-fulvestrant in patients (regardless of menopausal status or visceral involvement) with no prior chemotherapy for ABC, with prior endocrine sensitivity, and fewer prior regimens of systemic therapy. Progression-free survival was prolonged with palbociclib across subgroups (regardless of chemotherapy exposure in ABC). These exploratory findings suggest that patients may receive greater clinical benefit from palbociclib-fulvestrant if they receive the combination before chemotherapy in the advanced setting.
Prevalence and quality of antihypertensive therapy among hypertension patients enrolled in the Ghana National Health Insurance Scheme
Authors: Donneyong Macarius M. , Chang Teng‐Jen , Pottegård Anton , Ankrah Daniel , Asenso‐Boadi Francis , Addo‐Cobbiah Vivian , Dsane‐Selby Lydia , Hallas Jesper 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundHypertension is a leading cause of morbidity in Ghana. However, there is insufficient data on the prevalence and quality of antihypertensive therapy.ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence of use and quality of antihypertensive therapy.MethodsA cross‐sectional study design was used to analyze the 2015 Ghana National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) electronic claims data. Hypertension diagnosis was defined using ICD‐10 codes. The primary outcomes assessed were the prevalence of use and quality of antihypertensive therapy. Quality of antihypertensive therapy was defined as the use of antihypertensive agents recommended for treating hypertension patients with comorbid heart failure, myocardial Infarction/Coronary Artery Disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease or stroke. We used multivariable logistic regression models to identify predictors of antihypertensive use and quality of therapy.ResultsAntihypertensive medication use was very high (86%) among the 161 873 hypertension patients covered under the Ghana NHIS. Only a third (32%) of hypertension patients received guideline‐concordant therapy. Angiotensin receptor blockers were consumed at the highest dosages of 120 (Interquartile Range [IQR]: 60, 180) daily defined doses over a year. Males (odds ratio [OR] = 0.60; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]:0.58, 0.61) and those with comorbid stroke (OR = 0.91, 95% CI:0.84, 0.99), diabetes (OR = 0.72; 95% CI:0.69, 0.74) and stroke (OR = 0.74, 95%CI:0.68, 0.80) were less likely to use antihypertensives, all other predictors were associated with higher use.ConclusionAntihypertensive medication use was very high among hypertension patients covered under the Ghana NHIS. However, there was indication of suboptimal quality of the antihypertensive therapy provided.