bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the funding structure on R&D in cases of European Union and Russian Federation
Authors: Alpatov Gennady , Gusarov Kirill , Korostyshevskaya Elena 
Published: January 2021

Research background: Many contemporary empirical studies and theories of economic growth have revealed the dependence of innovative development of countries on the adequacy of funding for innovation. However, much of the empirical literature has discussed the issue of innovativeness without assessing the impact of the structure of funding sources on the success of the innovation process.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to prove the hypothesis of the inefficiency of innovative systems in which the proportion of public investment is high compared to private investment. In Russia, the share of public R&D funding is 67%, and the EU average is 33%.
Methods: Based on the empirical research, we have compared the EU Horizon 2020 program with Russian VEB Ventures programs, conversion and digitalization programs of the Industrial Development Fund and found out how the structure of funding sources for these programs affects the success of their implementation.
Findings & Value added: The results of our research show that a large share of public funding is not the cause, but the result of low private innovation activity and a lack of private investment. Significant reasons for their shortage were identified: the economic feasibility of purchasing ready-made solutions on the global market instead of funding research; cheap labour; adverse business climate. Thus, a high share of public financing of innovations in a country can serve as an indicator of the existence of serious reasons for restraining innovative development.
Global trends in employment changes and their impact on professionalisation
Authors: Bannykh Galina , Kostina Svetlana 
Published: January 2021

Research background: Globalization has determined the orientation of transformations in the labour market and employment: on the one hand, blurring of borders has led to an increase in interstate and remote employment (out staffing, freelance), lower costs for the wage fund and increased professional competition for the self-employed, on the other hand, there is an increase in information and digital inequality leading to discrimination in the labour market and high professional mobility of the workforce..
Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to analyse and systematize the main trends in the global labour market that affect the process of professionalization of various categories of employees in the Russian Federation.
Methods: As the main research methods there were the analysis of documents, analysis of statistical data, secondary data analysis and expert survey used.
Findings & Value added: The analysis described global trends in the labour market, as well as their impact on the process of professionalization of various categories of employees in the Russian Federation. Various options for modern professionalization are considered - traditional (based on formal vocational education) and non-traditional. The acquired and relevant professional competencies and professional reputation, rather than the level of knowledge and qualifications, prove to be economic and valuable. The study contributes to the development of the theory of professional socialization and the concept of modern employment, at the same time it can be useful in determining economic policy strategies in the field of labour market and employment regulation.
Increasing social anxiety in the context of globalization of migration processes as a problem of international relations
Authors: Britvina Irina , Shumilova Polina 
Published: January 2021

Research background: Increasing inward and outward labor migration flows between Central Asian countries and Russia are very significant for both sides. Migration processes in the Central Asian region play an important role in stabilizing international relations, because their economic, political and social results are important for all the countries in the region. The Russian Federation is one of the countries which receives the most immigrants, along with the United States, Germany, France and Canada. Migrants with different ethnicities from Central Asia constitute most of the migratory flows to Russia.
Purpose of the article: The authors aimed to analyze the growing social anxiety about the rising influx of migrants from Central Asian countries in Russia, as an indicator of the risk of developing damaging social processes.
Methods: The authors draw their conclusions from the results of a questionnaire survey given to residents of Yekaterinburg in 2016 (N=485) and 2019 (N=476), and a comparison of comments on the internet from Russians in 2019 and 2020 about the behavior of migrants from Central Asian countries. The methods for analysis include a descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, content analysis, comparative analysis, words clustering analysis and quantitative word frequency calculation.
Findings & Value added: The authors conclude that the increasing social anxiety from residents of Yekaterinburg about the rising influx of migrants from Central Asian has moved to the next stage of latent conflict, which
R. Darendorff describes as the stage of “awareness of latent interests”. The obtained results are important for the regulation of processes inter-country relations in the field of migration exchanges.
Cluster analysis of the economic activity of Slovak companies regarding potential indicators of earnings management
Authors: Durica Marek , Svabova Lucia 
Published: January 2021

Research background:All over the world, any information about the earnings manipulation is very important for all the stakeholders of the companies. Therefore, it is necessary to detect this situation in a certain way. The global practice has shown that it is appropriate to create detection models and it would be very useful to specify individual sectors or the groups of sectors of economic activities of companies.Purpose of the article:The article aims to the financial ratios of Slovak companies that are globally used in the detection of earnings management. Based on hierarchical cluster analysis we identify groups of economic activities (according to the international NACE classification) with similar financial characteristics.Methods:For efficient earnings manipulation detection, high-quality and up-to-date financial data is required. We used financial data of real Slovak companies from the year 2018 obtained from international database Amadeus. After a precise pre-preparation of the dataset, we use the standard clustering procedures. Using the analysis of the dendrogram, the groups of the companies with their economic activities are identified.Findings & Value added:The results of the analysis show that there exist logical groups of NACE categories of economic activity of companies with similar characteristics. Regarding potential earnings manipulation, companies in these groups are as similar as possible. Therefore, financial characteristics can be analyzed together, and more accurate detection models could be created for them.
A causative matrix approach for measuring temporal structural changes caused by globalization in Latvian economy
Authors: Hāzners Juris , Benga Elita 
Published: January 2021

Research background: globalization processes affect the economies mainly with intensified foreign trade flows which have an impact of all industries including also sectors that operate mainly in domestic markets. Identifying the structural changes in economy sectors is crucial for the selection of the future policy options.
Purpose of the article: the objective of the research is the estimation of the structural changes in Latvian economy by analyzing the structural changes in sector output over the period from 2006 to 2014.
Methods: the left causative matrix method allows for the evaluation of the contributions of economy sectors to other sectors and supply within the sector. By adding the changes in sector output multipliers which capture the changes in final demand, overall changes in the structure of sector output can be estimated. After the obtaining these indicators, sectors can be clustered based upon the change ratios.
Findings & Value added: research results show that none of the sectors has performed positively in every aspect in terms of output externalization, importance for other sectors or contributions to final demand. Manufacture of textiles, wearing apparel and leather products is a single sector with increased externalization and importance for other sectors, while it’s contribution to final demand has slightly declined. Agriculture and fishing along with number of manufacturing sectors has shown increased ratios with respect to other sectors and final demand. For sectors with increased internalization, the importance of other sectors and final demand has declined. In general, increased internalization should be considered alarming as it points to lower competitiveness of products forming sector output.
Evaluation of earnings of small and medium-sized enterprises in Slovakia in aspect of globalization
Authors: Jurickova Veronika , Kubjatkova Anna 
Published: January 2021

Research background:Small and medium-sized enterprises are a pillar of every market economy in aspect of globalization. The importance of their position is given mainly by their positive effect on employment. One of the basic elements of healthy economic development in the country is the dynamic increase of these companies, which can satisfy the requirements of even the most demanding customers with their high adaptability and creativity.Purpose of the article:The main goal of the article is to examine the profits of small and medium-sized enterprises from 2015 to 2019. The article also contains the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises and their contribution to the economy of the Slovak Republic. The contribution of the article lies in a summary of theoretical knowledge about small and medium-sized enterprises and an examination of the reasons why there was an increase or decrease in profit in individual years.Methods:The scientific method of analysis was used in writing the article, where we came to the appropriate conclusions based on the examination of individual parts. The individual years were compared with each other using the method of mutual comparison.Findings & Value added: The output of the whole article is the finding that small and medium-sized enterprises represent an important part of the economy of the Slovak Republic. In the Slovak republic, the constant support and development of these businesses are essential because they have a significant impact on many economic indicators.
Approaches to the Management of Humanitarian Aid in the Era of Globalization
Authors: Kubás Jozef , Fabuš Juraj 
Published: January 2021

Research background: Humanitarian aid is about people trying to help the victims of crises. The needs of the victims of humanitarian crises are crucial for the provision of humanitarian aid. That is why this aid is an integral part of globalization also contributes to the deepening of relations between donors and recipients around the world.
Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to point out the humanitarian aid provided and financed by the Slovak Republic. This expenditure will compare with the expenditure of the other members of the European Union. For a higher informative value, attention will be focused also on the comparison of EU states and Slovakia in terms of per capita.
Methods: The scientific methods used in the article will be, in particular, to compare EU Member States’ humanitarian aid expenditure over a last period. Analysis and synthesis be use throughout the solution of the article. Using these methods, the connections and relationships between the facts will be examined. Inductions and deductions will be used to interpret the results correctly.
Findings & Value added: The result of the article will be a clear presentation and comparison of the Slovak and EU funds spent on humanitarian aid for a certain period. The results will make it possible to understand the importance of this assistance in the context of globalization. A comparison of the per capita conversion is an important basis for a realistic picture of aid with regard to possible capacities.
Prospects for the Formation of a Global Natural Gas Market: Price Analysis of European, Asian, American Gas Markets
Authors: Novikov Andrey V. , Urazgaliev Vladimir Sh. , Titkov Mikhail V. 
Published: January 2021

Research background: Natural gas markets are facing an ongoing process of diffusion of natural gas liquefaction (LNG) technology. High mobility and relative ease of LNG use predetermine a huge potential for globalization of gas markets and the formation of a single price space similar to the oil world market.
Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is determining the degree of gas markets convergence and offering an assessment of the prospects for gas globalization.
Methods: The authors conducted a comparative analysis of statistics on historical prices in the gas markets, reviewed the scientific and practice-oriented literature on this topic. The authors developed a brief forecast model based on statistical methods to develop their own assessment of the prospects for the development of a single global gas market.
Findings & Value added: The paper contains the most relevant comparative assessments of the three key gas markets (Europe, Asia, USA) and descripts an authors’ assessment of the potential for the emergence of a global gas market. On the one hand, the authors revealed a fairly high correlation between LNG prices worldwide, on the other hand, LNG supplies are not the only form of gas supplies. In addition, regional pricing features lead to the relative independence of the three markets among themselves. Moreover, the current global crisis may slow down the development of global gas market due to restrictions on the profitability of potentially new LNG projects.
Global Transformation of the Living Standards of Population in the Context of Spatial Transformations
Authors: Polozhentseva Yulia 
Published: January 2021

Research background: The world is constantly changing, increasing the efficiency of economic processes and raising the standard of living of the population, but this development has an uneven tendency. The global transformation of socio-economic development provides an opportunity for the state to use all available potential in order to increase the level and quality of life of the population.
Purpose of the article: The main purpose of the publication is to study the dynamics of the development of the living standard of the population, to conduct a comparative analysis of the global indicators characterizing it.
Methods: The article provides a comparative analysis of countries, which makes it possible to structure the main components of the living standard of the population; the results of the rating assessment of world indices characterizing the standard of living of the population are systematized based on the methods of scientific knowledge, comparative and statistical analysis.
Findings & Value added: The analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators of the standard of living of the population made it possible to identify the main trends in the influence of these indicators on the level of the country’s development. Based on the comparison and analysis of world indicators, the place of Russia in the world economic space has been determined and an analysis of their dynamics has been carried out. Measures have been systematized to regulate the development of the standard of living of the population, aimed at eliminating crisis situations and imbalances in their development.
Analysis of the Impact of Globalization on the Global Labor Force
Authors: Popescu Maria Loredana , Buzoianu Ovidiu Andrei Cristian , Troaca Victor , Lazar Valentin 
Published: January 2021

Research background:Research background is written after the literature review. For example, german researcher Ulrich Beck claims that contemporary society has entered a new phase in which the nature of natural resources has become stressful. G. Barraclough argued that no matter how important the political, cultural, ecological factors ultimately are, it is the economy that determines the evolution of the globalization process.Purpose of the article:The present article follows the identification of the impact on the phenomenon of the current phenomenon of the naming of globalization on the labor force and how the phenomenon of migration is conditioned with the main factors.Methods:This article starts from the hypothesis of the influence of globalization in terms of the global labor force, as well as the migration phenomenon caused by the economic factor mainly. In the realization that it is possible to analyze specialized literary analyzes on the one hand, but if one analyzes past, present and future data (estimation), provided by the World Labor Organization. Measurement tools and procedures can be measured for all important or reasonable features. Analyze after a detailed realization, provided that appropriate techniques can be analyzed.Findings & Value added: Following this research, it was found the connection between globalization and the labor market, along with its impact on the migration phenomenon, highlighted by the economic factor, for better pay. The article adds value through the analysis created both globally and regionally (European level) and the interpretation of statistical data related to population migration.
The Level of Education of Graduates in Romania in the Context of Globalization
Authors: Profiroiu Constantin Marius , Angheluță Petrică Sorin , Vasilache Petruț Cristian , Dima Cristina 
Published: January 2021

Research background:Technological changes are one of the reasons for the resizing of jobs. Demographic change is affecting the labour market, both locally and regionally. Thus, together with technological changes, they lead to changes in the level of education of graduates. The process is accentuated by globalization. There are changes in the labour market that require people with higher skills.Purpose of the article:For Romania, the analysis of the level of education of graduates at regional level, depending on the county, is presented in this article. In the paper, depending on the level of education, the evolution at county level of the number of graduates is presented. At the same time, the evolution of the total number of graduates for the levels of primary-secondary, vocational, high school, post-high school education, respectively for the level of university education, is analyzed.Methods:Thus, following the analysis, it is observed that, at national level, the number of graduates decreased. Also, for certain levels of education and only for some counties, the number of graduates has increased.Findings & Value added:The radiography performed is important for the regional needs’ analysis of the labour market. Thus, following the analysis, it was found that most graduates of tertiary education are from university centers: Bucharest, Cluj, Iași, Timiș. Graduates with a high level of knowledges, skills, and competencies have higher opportunities and abilities to identify and occupy a job.
Posting Workers as a New Model of Global Labour? Dilemmas of Economics, Politics and Ethics
Authors: Trčka Michal 
Published: January 2021

Research background: Labour migration, i. e. the transnational movement of foreign workers on the European markets and their integration, is among the key topics of both Czech and European politics. I devote my paper to the regulation of work-related migration in a wider perspective of the global labour market in a specific type of labour migration „posting workers“.
Purpose of the article: The paper focus on economic, political, and ethical problematic aspects of posting workers within the European Union in connection with the European Commission’s revision of Directive 96/71/EC with an emphasis on posting workers to the Czech Republic.
Methods: I will to analyse the key patterns of the reactions and discourse strategies of selected Czech stakeholders regarding the proposal for a revision of Directive 96/71/EC, in particular that of selected government representatives. For this purpose, it will be used the method of discourse analysis (especially methods developed by Ruth Wodak).
Findings & Value added: I would like to demonstrate, using the revision of Directive 96/71/EC as an example of new renovating models of global labour, as a part of the process of integration of the global market in the era of globalization, that the mechanism of posting workers creates a hybrid single European labour market, changes international relations, and contributes to the transnational flexibility of labour.
The Importance of Globalisation and Learning Capital for Economic Growth
Authors: Antalová Mária 
Published: January 2021

Research background: In our paper, we focus on two important phenomena that are currently culminating and bringing their positive as well as negative consequences. They are globalization and the learning capital. In research, experts are primarily oriented on globalization, which we perceive so intensely in our daily lives. There exist extensive studies developed on a theoretical, methodological as well as empirical basis. Experts are intensively dealing also with the human capital and, above all, with its impact on various socio-economic phenomena. However, they are paying less attention to the learning capital, which we consider one dimension of the human capital.
Purpose of the article: Link between the human capital and the economic growth has long been clarified, but the relation between the learning capital is not remained at forefront of the research intentions. For this reason, we have decided to examine the interconnectedness between globalization and the learning capital in selected EU countries and to determine its contribution to the economic growth.
Methods: In quantification of globalization, we use the overall KOF Globalization Index, which consists of 3 components: the economic, social and political dimensions. There does not exist uniform procedure for examining the learning capital. For this reason, we rely on Human Development Index data.
Findings & Value added: In the empirical analysis, we focus on the evaluation of the current state of globalization as well as the learning capital in the Slovak Republic and verify the established hypotheses concerning the interconnection of these two phenomena and their impact on the economic growth.