bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of a prehabilitation program before major abdominal surgery: a pilot prospective study
Authors: Martin David , Besson Cyril , Pache Basile , Michel Anna , Geinoz Sandrine , Gremeaux-Bader Vincent , Larcinese Anna , Benaim Charles , Kayser Bengt , Demartines Nicolas , Hübner Martin 
Published: December 2021

Objective To assess the feasibility of a prehabilitation program and its effects on physical performance and outcomes after major abdominal surgery. Methods In this prospective pilot study, patients underwent prehabilitation involving three training sessions per week for 3 weeks preoperatively. The feasibility of delivering the intervention was assessed based on recruitment and adherence to the program. Its impacts on fitness (oxygen uptake (VO2)) and physical performance (Timed Up and Go Test, 6-Minute Walk Test) were evaluated. Results From May 2017 to January 2020, 980 patients were identified and 44 (4.5%) were invited to participate. The main obstacles to patient recruitment were insufficient time (<3 weeks) prior to scheduled surgery (n = 276, 28%) and screening failure (n = 312, 32%). Of the 44 patients, 24 (55%) declined to participate, and 20 (23%) were included. Of these, six (30%) were not adherent to the program. Among the remaining 14 patients, VO2 at ventilatory threshold significantly increased from 9.7 to 10.9 mL/min/kg. No significant difference in physical performance was observed before and after prehabilitation. Conclusion Although prehabilitation seemed to have positive effects on exercise capacity, logistic and patient-related difficulties were encountered. The program is not feasible in its current form for all-comers.
A disease that is difficult to diagnose and treat: evaluation of 343 spondylodiscitis cases
Authors: Kaya Safak , Kaya Sehmuz , Kavak Seyhmus , Comoglu Senol 
Published: December 2021

Objective Spondylodiscitis is an important clinical a problem requiring serious approaches. In this study, we sought to raise awareness by examining the epidemiology and laboratory, clinical, and radiological findings of spondylodiscitis, which sometimes has a delayed diagnosis and which can be difficult to treat. Methods In total, 343 patients with spondylodiscitis were included in the study. Results The patients were classified as having as pyogenic (n = 153, 44.6%), brucellar (n = 138, 40.2%), or tuberculous (n = 52, 15.2%) spondylodiscitis. Meanwhile, 281 patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging, 71 underwent computed tomography, and 17 underwent scintigraphy for diagnosis. The rates of involvement at more than two segments and paraspinal abscess were significantly higher in tuberculous spondylodiscitis. However, disc involvement was significantly more common in brucellar and pyogenic spondylodiscitis. Conclusion The incidence of spondylodiscitis has increased substantially, especially in the young population. The invasive procedures and high rate of culture negativity make the diagnosis difficult. Therefore, clinical and radiological findings are useful in the diagnosis of spondylodiscitis. Despite the high rate of culture negativity, every effort should be made to identify the causative organism using invasive methods.
A Cross-Sectional Study of the Association Between Chronic Oral Disease Burden and Serum Biomarkers in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Rocha Layna Cristine Brito , Nunes-dos-Santos Danila Lorena , Costa Elisa Miranda , Gomes Samira Vasconcelos , Rodrigues Vandilson Pinheiro , Pereira Antonio Luiz Amaral 
Published: December 2021

Introduction Poor oral health can negatively affect general health and quality of life of kidney transplant recipients. The study aimed to investigate the association between chronic oral disease burden, serum biomarkers, and comorbidities in kidney transplant recipients. Design A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted with 44 patients after kidney transplant. The burden of chronic oral disease was composed of the following observable variables: moderate periodontitis and presence of dental caries. Serum biomarkers and comorbidities data were collected. The chi-square or Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables and Student's t-test or Mann–Whitney test for continuous variables were used. Robust Poisson regression was used to model the association. Results Higher levels of mean uric acid ( P = .01) and creatinine ( P = .03) were observed in the group of patients with oral disease burden, while the highest level of high-density lipoprotein was observed in the group without oral disease. Higher values of uric acid were associated with the occurrence of chronic oral disease burden (Adjusted PR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.03-1.48, P = .019). There was no statistical difference between the groups with and without oral disease burden in comorbidities present. Conclusion The findings suggest that chronic oral diseases burden can be associated with uric acid and creatinine levels in kidney transplant recipients.
Meniscal and Cartilage Changes on Serial MRI After Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Choi Han Gyeol , Kang Yu Suhn , Kim Joo Sung , Lee Han Sang , Lee Yong Seuk 
Published: December 2021

Background: Assessments of the effects of realignment using opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) on the medial, lateral, and patellofemoral compartments have been limited to cartilage evaluations. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to evaluate the effects of OWHTO on the meniscus and cartilage of each compartment as a cooperative unit (meniscochondral unit) using serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It was hypothesized that (1) favorable changes in the meniscochondral unit would occur in the medial compartment and (2) that changes in the patellofemoral and lateral compartments would be negligible. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Included were 36 knees that underwent OWHTO from March 2014 to February 2016 and had postoperative serial MRI. The MRI was performed at 19.9 ± 7.4 and 52.3 ± 8.3 months postoperatively, and the cartilage and meniscal changes were evaluated by highlighting the regions of interest. We evaluated the T2 relaxation times of each cartilage and meniscal area, the cross-sectional area of the menisci, and the extrusion of the medial meniscus (MM). The meniscochondral unit was assessed using subgroup analyses according to the status of the MM. Results: Significant decreases were seen in T2 relaxation times in the medial femoral condyle (MFC) ( P < .001) and medial tibial plateau (MTP) ( P = .050), and significant increases were seen in the lateral femoral condyle (LFC) ( P = .036). The change was more prominent in the MFC compared with the MTP and LFC ( P = .003). No significant changes were observed in the lateral tibial plateau, patella, or trochlear groove. The area of the lateral meniscus (body and posterior horn) was decreased compared with preoperative MRI ( P < .001 for both). The extent of MM extrusion decreased between the preoperative, first follow-up, and second follow-up MRIs ( P < .001). Conclusion: OWHTO affected the medial compartment positively, the lateral compartment negatively, and the patellofemoral compartment negligibly. The effects were more prominent and consistent in the medial than in the lateral compartment.
Use of intravenous lidocaine for dose reduction of propofol in paediatric colonoscopy patients: a randomised placebo-controlled study
Authors: Yao Wenshui , Zhang Longxin , Lu Guolin , Wang Jing , Zhang Li , Wang Yuping , Xiao Peihan , Chen Xiaofen , Chen Chanjuan , Zhou Min 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundPropofol, a widely used sedative in endoscopic procedures, sometimes causes cardiopulmonary complications. Intravenous lidocaine can diminish visceral pain and decrease the dose of propofol. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of intravenous lidocaine in reducing propofol dosage during paediatric colonoscopy.MethodsForty children who underwent colonoscopy were divided into two groups. Lidocaine hydrochloride (1.5 mg/kg induction and 2 mg/kg/h maintenance) was given intravenously to the lidocaine group, and the same amount of saline was given to the control group after they received lidocaine induction. Propofol initial plasma concentration of 5 μg/mL was targeted, and the procedure was performed after the bispectral index value reached 55. The primary outcome was propofol requirement.ResultsThe propofol requirement in the lidocaine group was decreased by 35.5% (128.6 ± 30.4 mg vs. 199.4 ± 57.6 mg;p < 0.001; 95%CI: − 100.60, − 41.02). The incidence of involuntary body movements was significantly lower in the lidocaine group (p = 0.028; OR = 0.17; 95%CI: 0.03, 0.92). The awakening time (p < 0.001; 95%CI: − 7.67, − 5.13) and recovery times (p < 0.001; 95%CI: − 7.45, − 4.35) were significantly lower in the lidocaine group. Pain was significantly less at 30 min and 60 min after the procedure in the lidocaine group (0 [0–4] vs. 3 [0–5],p < 0. 001; 0 [0–2] vs. 1 [0–3],p = 0.001). There was no difference in the incidence of bradycardia, hypotension, or hypoxia between the two groups.ConclusionsFor colonoscopy procedures in paediatric patients, intravenous lidocaine reduces the amount of propofol needed, provides better sedation and postprocedural pain management, as well as a reduction in recovery time.Trial registrationThe trial was registered on November 6, 2020 at China Clinical Trials Registration Center (www.chictr.org.cn) ref.: ChiCTR 2,000,039,706.
Improving the understanding of how patients with non-dystrophic myotonia are selected for myotonia treatment with mexiletine (NaMuscla): outcomes of treatment impact using a European Delphi panel
Authors: Chapman Ann-Marie , Schurer Marieke , Weijers Laure , Omar Amer , Lee Hiba , Weidenfeller Alla Zozulya , Ellis Crispin , Sonecha Shaneil , Schneider-Gold Christiane 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundNon-dystrophic myotonias (NDMs) comprise muscle chloride and sodium channelopathies due to genetic defects of the CLCN1- and SCN4A-channels. No licensed antimyotonic treatment has been available until approval of mexiletine (NaMuscla®) for adult patients by the EMA in December 2018. This Delphi panel aimed to understand how outcomes of the pivotal phase III Mexiletine study (MYOMEX) translate to real world practice and investigate health resource use, quality of life and the natural history of NDM to support economic modelling and facilitate patient access.MethodsNine clinical experts in treating NDM took part in a two-round Delphi panel. Their knowledge of NDM and previous use of mexiletine as an off-label treatment prior to NaMuscla’s approval ensured they could provide both qualitative context and quantitative estimates to support economic modelling comparing mexiletine (NaMuscla) to best supportive care. Consensus in four key areas was sought: healthcare resource utilization (HRU), treatment with mexiletine (NaMuscla), patient quality of life (QoL), and the natural history of disease. Concept questions were also asked, considering perceptions on the feasibility of mapping the validated Individualized Neuromuscular Quality of Life (INQoL) instrument to the generic EQ-5D™, and the potential impact on caregiver QoL.ResultsConsensus was achieved for key questions including the average long-term dosage of mexiletine (NaMuscla) in practice, the criteria for eligibility of myotonia treatment, the clinical importance of QoL outcomes in MYOMEX, the higher proportion of patients with increased QoL, and the reduction in the need for mental health resources for patients receiving mexiletine (NaMuscla). While consensus was not achieved for other questions, the results demonstrated that most experts felt mexiletine (NaMuscla) reduced the need for HRU and was expected to improve QoL. The QoL mapping exercise suggested that it is feasible to map domains of INQoL to EQ-5D. Points of interest for future research were identified, including that mexiletine (NaMuscla) may slow the annual decrease in QoL of patients over their lifetime, and a significant negative impact on QoL for some caregivers.ConclusionsThis project successfully provided data from an informed group of clinical experts, complementing the currently available clinical trial data for mexiletine (NaMuscla) to support patient access decisions.
Prevalence and duration of prescribed opioid use during pregnancy: a cohort study from the Quebec Pregnancy Cohort
Authors: Zhao Jin-Ping , Berthod Christelle , Sheehy Odile , Kassaï Behrouz , Gorgui Jessica , Bérard Anick 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Recent studies show a rapid growth among pregnant women using high potency opioids for common pain management during their pregnancy. No study has examined the duration of treatment among strong opioid users and weak opioid users during pregnancy. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of prescribed opioid use during pregnancy, in Quebec; and to compare the duration of opioid treatment between strong opioid users and weak opioid users.

Methods
Using the Quebec Pregnancy Cohort (1998–2015), we included all pregnancies covered by the Quebec Public Prescription Drug Insurance Program. Opioid exposure was defined as filled at least one prescription for any opioid during pregnancy or before pregnancy but with a duration that overlapped the beginning of pregnancy. Prevalence of opioids use was calculated for all pregnancies, according to pregnancy outcome, trimester of exposure, and individual opioids. The duration of opioid use during pregnancy was analyzed according to 8 categories based on cumulative duration (< 90 days vs. ≥90 days), duration of action (short-acting vs. long-acting) and strength of the opioid (weak vs. strong).

Results
Of 442,079 eligible pregnancies, 20,921 (4.7%) were exposed to opioids. Among pregnancies ending with deliveries (n = 249,234), 5.4% were exposed to opioids; the prevalence increased by 40.3% from 3.9% in 1998 to 5.5% in 2015, more specifically a significant increase in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Weak opioid, codeine was the most commonly dispensed opioid (70% of all dispensed opioids), followed by strong opioid, hydromorphone (11%), morphine (10%), and oxycodone (5%). The prevalence of codeine use decreased by 47% from 4.3% in 2005 to 2.3% in 2015, accompanied by an increased use of strong opioid, morphine (0.029 to 1.41%), hydromorphone (0.115 to 1.08%) and oxycodone (0.022 to 0.44%), from 1998 to 2015. The average durations of opioid exposure were significantly longer among pregnancies exposed to strong opioid as compared to weak opioid regardless of the cumulative duration or duration of action (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Given the differences in the safety profile between strong opioids and the major weak opioid codeine, the increased use of strong opioids during pregnancy with longer treatment duration raises public health concerns.
Hypofractionated radiotherapy in ten fractions for postmastectomy patients: a phase II study compared with another hypofractionation schedule with sixteen fractions
Authors: Jiang Huayong , Meng Lingling , Zhang Huijuan , Dai Xiangkun , Zhang Qian , Ju Zhongjian , Yu Wei , Ma Lin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this phase II study was to evaluate the feasibility of hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) with a dose of 36.5 Gy in 10 fractions in postmastectomy patients.

Methods
From March 2014 to December 2015, 85 patients with locally advanced breast cancer were eligible to participate in this study with a schedule of 36.5 Gy in 10 fractions. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was delivered to the chest wall with or without the supraclavicular region. The primary endpoint was radiation-related toxicities. The secondary endpoints were locoregional failure-free survival (LRFFS), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). And the outcomes were compared with our retrospective study of 72 patients with 42.5 Gy in 16 fractions.

Results
The median follow-up was 69.0 (range 66.5-71.5) months in the 36.5 Gy group and 93.0 (range 91.9-94.1) months in the 42.5 Gy group, respectively. Radiation-related toxicities were mainly grade 1, although a few patients had grade 2 plexopathy (1.2%) and acute skin toxicity (1.2%) in the 36.5 Gy group, and grade 2 acute skin toxicity (5.6%) and lymphedema (4.2%) in the 42.5 Gy group. There were no significant differences between the groups in acute and late toxicities. For all the patients, the 5-year LRFFS, DFS and OS were 97.7 and 100.0%, 93.1 and 90.3%, 98.8 and 97.2%, respectively, without significant differences between the groups.

Conclusion
Postmastectomy HFRT with a schedule of 36.5 Gy in 10 fractions was feasible, with mild toxicities and excellent 5-year clinical outcome.

Trial registration
Trial registration number: ChiCTR-ONRC-14004391.
Date of registration: 9/3/2014.
Analysis of retinal detachment resulted from post-operative endophthalmitis treated with 23G pars Plana Vitrectomy
Authors: Zheng Ying , Casagrande Maria , Dimopoulos Spyridon , Bartz-Schmidt Karl-Ulrich , Spitzer Martin Stephan , Skevas Christos 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the rate, risk factors, functional outcome and prognosis in eyes with retinal detachment after post-operative endophthalmitis treated with 23G Pars Plana Vitrectomy.

Methods
Electronic patient files from 2009 until 2018 were screened for the presence of an endophthalmitis. Included were 116 eyes of 116 patients. This population was evaluated for the rate of retinal detachment after 23G Pars Plana Vitrectomy for endophthalmitis following cataract surgery or intravitreal injection. The main outcome measures were retinal detachment and visual acuity.

Results
The reasons for endophthalmitis were previous cataract surgery in 78 patients and following intravitreal injection in 38 patients. The first clinical evidence of endophthalmitis was present in median 5 days after the triggering intervention. Twenty-five eyes (21.55%) developed a retinal detachment an average of 25 days after endophthalmitis. RD is significantly associated with preoperative visual acuity (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
We emphasize the prognostic role of preoperative visual acuity in RD development of the endophthalmitis treated with 23G Pars Plana Vitrectomy.
Exploring the factors related to adolescent health literacy, health-promoting lifestyle profile, and health status
Authors: Chu-Ko Fen , Chong Meng-Ling , Chung Chi-Jung , Chang Chun-Chi , Liu Hsin-Yi , Huang Li-Chi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Health literacy has been concerned a key factor for determining the use of health information and promoting health. The study aimed to explore adolescent health literacy, health-promoting lifestyle profile, and health status and related factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional study design was used; 918 first year junior college students were recruited in Taiwan. The measurements were the Chinese Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-C-Q), the Chinese Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-S), and the Health Status Questionnaire.

Results
The mean score for health literacy was 36.15 (±6.21), with 30.17% of the participants having insufficient or problematic health literacy. Further, 19.9% of participants were obese and 11.2% experienced emotional instability. Health literacy and health-promoting lifestyle profile showed significant positive and negative correlations with perceived health status and depression, respectively (p < 0.05). An exercise frequency of ≥3 times/week was a predictor of health literacy, health-promoting lifestyle profile, and emotional stability.

Conclusions
Adolescent health literacy, health-promoting lifestyle profile, and health status require careful consideration. In adolescents, developing regular exercise may increase health literacy, thereby developing healthy lifestyle profiles and ameliorating obesity and depression-related issues.
Evaluating hemoptysis hospitalizations among patients with bronchiectasis in the United States: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Lim Rachel K. , Tremblay Alain , Lu Shengjie , Somayaji Ranjani 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The burden of hospitalizations and mortality for hemoptysis due to bronchiectasis is not well characterized. The primary outcome of our study was to evaluate in-hospital mortality in patients admitted with hemoptysis and bronchiectasis, as well as the rates of bronchial artery embolization, length of stay, and hospitalization costs.

Methods
The authors queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) claims database for hospitalizations between 2016 and 2017 using the ICD-10-CM codes for hemoptysis and bronchiectasis in the United States. Multivariable regression was used to evaluate predictors of in-hospital mortality, embolization, length of stay, and hospital costs.

Results
There were 8240 hospitalizations (weighted) for hemoptysis in the United States from 2016 to 2017. The overall in-hospital mortality was 4.5%, but higher in males compared to females. Predictors of in-hospital mortality included undergoing three or more procedures, age, and congestive heart failure. Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) was utilized during 2.1% of hospitalizations and was more frequently used in those with nontuberculous mycobacteria and aspergillus infections, but not pseudomonal infections. The mean length of stay was 6 days and the median hospitalization cost per patient was USD $9,610. Having comorbidities and procedures was significantly associated with increased length of stay and costs.

Conclusion
Hemoptysis is a frequent indication for hospitalization among the bronchiectasis population. In-hospital death occurred in approximately 4.5% of hospitalizations. The effectiveness of BAE in treating and preventing recurrent hemoptysis from bronchiectasis needs to be explored.