bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Job crafting, a bottom-up job characteristic of academics with an embeddedness potential
Authors: Arachie Augustine Ebuka , Agbaeze Emmanuel Kalu , Nzewi Hope Ngozi , Agbasi Emmanuela Obianuju 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe frequent turnover of academic instructors (lecturers) to other organizations and countries despite the autonomies their job offer them necessitated; this study aims to examine the relationship between job crafting (JC) and embeddedness of lecturers to their jobs.Design/methodology/approachA survey research design was adopted. This study is carried out in the south-east region of Nigeria. The population of the study consisted of 8,051 academic staff of six randomly selected public universities in the region and a sample size of 367 was determined using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) formula. The primary and secondary source of data were used in data collection and were analysed using regression analysis at a 5% level of significance.FindingsResult revealed that task crafting has a statistically significant positive relationship with employee job fit (r= 0.949,R2= 0.900,F= 2699.473,p-value < 0.05), that relational crafting has a statistically significant positive influence on employee links (r= 0.982,R2= 0.964,F= 8112.281,p-value < 0.05) and that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between cognitive crafting and sacrifice links (r= 0.962,R2= 0.926,F= 3729.900,p-value < 0.05).Practical implicationsThis study’s practical implication is that it will aid in making academics in Nigeria embedded in their jobs by encouraging them to craft their jobs so as to give them more meaning. In the field of research, this study helps to close the literature gap existing in JC and the role it plays in embedding academics in their jobs, hence, opening up a whole new research area with empirical data to back it up. For management, the study will help in knowing how to appropriately harness the potential of JC in making employees more engaged in their jobs.Originality/valueMany studies have been carried out in the past in areas of JC and employee performance, non to the best knowledge of the researchers has been extended to studying JC as it relates to the embeddedness of academics to their jobs in Nigeria, this study is, therefore, a new addition to academic literature in this area.
Kombination aus Brentuximab‐Vedotin und hautspezifischen Therapien verlängert bei Patienten mit kutanem T‐Zell‐Lymphom die Zeit bis zur nächsten Therapieeskalation
Authors: Stranzenbach René , Stadler Rudolf 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZieleBrentuximab‐Vedotin (BV) ist eine wirkungsvolle Therapieoption bei CD30‐positiven kutanen T‐Zell‐Lymphomen. Im Unterschied zu früheren Studien wurde BV bei unseren Patienten häufig mit anderen therapeutischen Maßnahmen kombiniert. In diesem Kontext ist es das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie, Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit von BV unter Praxisbedingungen zu analysieren.Patienten und MethodenEs handelt sich um eine retrospektive monozentrische Studie zur Analyse der Behandlungsergebnisse bei Patienten mit CD30‐positivem kutanem T‐Zell‐Lymphom, die mit BV behandelt wurden.Ergebnisse26 Patienten (medianes Alter: 67 Jahre) wurden in die Studie aufgenommen. Die Patienten wurden mit BV (1,8 oder 1,2 mg/kg Körpergewicht) behandelt. Bei 30,8 % der Patienten wurde eine vollständige Remission (CR) erreicht. Die objektive Ansprechrate (ORR) betrug 84,6 %. Nebeneffekte wurden bei 19 der 26 Patienten beobachtet. Als Reaktion auf eine Krankheitsprogression (PD) unter BV‐Monotherapie führten wir bei sechs Patienten zusätzlich hautspezifische Maßnahmen durch, zum Beispiel Tumorexzision, lokale Strahlentherapie oder PUVA. Mit diesem Konzept konnten wir die Erkrankung wieder stabilisieren und die Therapielinie im Median sieben Monate länger ohne zusätzliche Toxizität beibehalten.SchlussfolgerungenZusätzliche hautspezifische Therapien (SDT) nach Progression der Erkrankung unter BV‐Monotherapie konnten das kontinuierliche Fortschreiten der Erkrankung stabilisieren oder führten sogar zu einem partiellen Ansprechen und verlängerten dadurch die Zeit bis zur nächsten therapeutischen Eskalation.
Evidenz‐ und konsensbasierte (S3) Leitlinie: Impfprävention HPV‐assoziierter Neoplasien
Authors: Gross Gerd E. , Werner Ricardo N. , Avila Valle Gabriela L. , Bickel Markus , Brockmeyer Norbert H. , Doubek Klaus , Gallwas Julia , Gieseking Friederike , Haase Heidemarie , Hillemanns Peter , Ikenberg Hans , Jongen Johannes , Kaufmann Andreas M. , Klußmann Jens Peter , von Knebel Doeberitz Magnus , Knuf Markus , Köllges Ralf , Laws Hans‐Jürgen , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Neis Klaus J. , Petry Karl‐Ulrich , Pfister Herbert , Schlaeger Martin , Schneede Peter , Schneider Achim , Smola Sigrun , Tiews Sven , Nast Alexander , Gaskins Matthew , Wieland Ulrike 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungAnogenitale und oropharyngeale Infektionen mit humanen Papillomviren (HPV) sind weit verbreitet. Im Fall einer klinisch manifesten Erkrankung ist die HPV‐Infektion mitunter mit erheblichen Auswirkungen auf die Lebensqualität assoziiert, die Behandlung geht mit einer hohen Rezidivrate einher und invasive Neoplasien (zum Beispiel Zervix‐, Anal‐, Vulva‐, Penis‐, Oropharynxkarzinom) sind zudem durch eine signifikante Morbidität und Mortalität gekennzeichnet. Die Impfung gegen HPV ist eine effektive und sichere Maßnahme zur Primärprävention HPV‐assoziierter Läsionen, allerdings sind die HPV‐Impfraten in Deutschland nach wie vor niedrig. Die vorliegende Publikation ist eine gekürzte Fassung der auf den Seiten der AWMF verfügbaren Langfassung der evidenz‐ und konsensbasierten Leitlinie „Impfprävention HPV‐assoziierter Neoplasien“. Auf der Grundlage eines systematischen Reviews mit Metaanalysen wurden von einem repräsentativen Gremium erstellte und formell konsentierte Empfehlungen zur Vakzinierung verschiedener Alters‐ und Personengruppen erarbeitet. Darüber hinaus wurden konsensbasierte Empfehlungen zu spezifischen, im Praxisalltag relevanten Fragestellungen bezüglich besonderer Situationen erstellt. Diese sollen in einem Themenfeld, in dem vielfach Unsicherheiten bestehen und sowohl Patientinnen und Patienten als auch Gesundheitsdienstleisterinnen und ‐dienstleister teils mit kontroversen und emotional aufgeladenen Standpunkten konfrontiert sind, auf Grundlage der aktuell vorliegenden Studienlage und eines repräsentativen Expertenkonsenses Orientierung und Sicherheit bieten.
Demographics and management of paediatric dental‐facial trauma in the ‘lockdown’ period: A UK perspective
Authors: Ilyas Nabeel , Green Alexandra , Karia Rishikesh , Sood Sanjeev , Fan Kathleen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe United Kingdom entered ‘lockdown’ on the 23 March 2020 due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. This resulted in school closures forcing children to remain at home. Dental‐facial trauma was still likely to be common place due to falls and injuries exercising. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on clinical practice in a paediatric population in a tertiary care hospital and a linked Dental Institute.MethodA proforma was designed to capture the demographics, presenting complaints, type of dental‐facial injury, treatment need and the treatment received for all paediatric patients presenting face to face with dental‐facial trauma to King's College Hospital during the ‘lockdown’ period (23 March‐ 14 June 2020).ResultsFour hundred and twenty calls were triaged, converting to 102 patients seen face‐to‐face for dental‐facial trauma. The remainder were able to be triaged ‘virtually’. Injuries seen included 56 (54.9%) dentoalveolar injuries, 37 (36.2%) lacerations, five (4.9%) suspected facial fractures and four (3.9%) dog bites. Males and females were equally affected. The majority of incidents occurred in the home environment (n = 60, 58.8%), with the remainder (n = 42, 41.2%) occurring outside the home environment. The main causes of dental‐facial trauma were falls (n = 47, 46.1%) and bicycles/scooters (n = 29, 28.4%). The most common type of dentoalveolar injury was lateral luxation (n = 15, 26.7%), followed by avulsion (n = 12, 21.4%). Only one child required treatment under general anaesthesia (GA).ConclusionThe demographic, presenting complaints and treatment needs of patients who presented during the lockdown period with dental‐facial trauma were unusual. The overwhelming majority were able to be treated without the use of GA. The attendance protocol in a tertiary care setting and the use of ‘teledentistry’ ensured only the most severe trauma cases were seen. This highlights how more complex trauma can still occur during ‘lockdown’ and requires immediate management.
Handgrip strength: Should repeated measurements be performed in both hands?
Authors: Lee Sang Yoon , Jin Heejin , Arai Hidenori , Lim Jae‐Young 
Published: March 2021

AimWe aimed to determine whether both hands should be tested for handgrip strength and whether it is necessary to perform repeated measurements in each hand.MethodsThe data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2014 to 2018. The participants performed three trials of handgrip strength measurement for each hand alternately, with 60‐s rest between the trials. From this pool of data, we included 23 901 participants aged ≥19 years who had completed surveys on the handgrip strength test, and obtained their medical history.ResultsThe dominant hand had a significantly stronger handgrip strength than the non‐dominant hand (32.75 ± 0.10 vs. 30.95 ± 0.09 kg, P < 0.001); however, 26.4% of the subjects had stronger handgrip strength in the non‐dominant hand. During the three repeated measurements, the handgrip strength gradually increased; however, the mean difference between the trials (0.579 and 0.104 kg) was below the noninferiority threshold. In older adults, however, the mean difference in the handgrip strength between the first and the second trial was higher than the noninferiority threshold.ConclusionsWhile the handgrip strength gradually increased during three repeated measurements, the difference was clinically important only in older adults. Hence, we suggest that the handgrip strength should be measured in both hands and at least twice in older adults, whereas a single attempt provides a maximal value in younger adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 426–432.
Nomadic breeders Snowy Owls (Bubo scandiacus) do not use stopovers to sample the summer environment
Authors: Brown Andrea , McCabe Rebecca A. , Therrien Jean‐François , Wiebe Karen L. , Weidensaul Scott , Brinker David , Gauthier Gilles , Elliott Kyle H. 
Published: March 2021

Whereas most migratory animals, such as many birds of prey, return to the same breeding area each summer, nomadic breeders search over large distances to locate breeding areas that vary greatly in location from year to year. Nomadic breeders are assumed to extensively sample patch quality before selecting a summer settlement site (e.g. breeding site) with a high abundance of prey. In addition, patch selection during migration might vary, with immature birds sampling the summer environment for the first time. Here, we examined the migratory movements of a nomadic breeder, the Snowy Owl, to determine whether there are differences in phenology among age and sex classes, and where stopovers occur along their migratory journey. Each owl (n = 24) was equipped with a GPS‐GSM transmitter during the overwintering period in the USA and Canada from 2014 to 2018. Movement patterns followed a two‐process Poisson distribution, allowing us to separate stopovers from directional flights (i.e. migration). Adults completed migration earlier than immatures, with no difference in number of stopovers or time spent at each stopover. Snowy Owls had a higher probability of having a stopover at the beginning of their migration than at the end. Moreover, stopovers occurred primarily on frozen waterbodies more suitable for foraging or roosting outside of the summer range. We conclude that Snowy Owls use stopovers primarily to build up reserves or to rest during migration and they can potentially select appropriate summer settlement sites via short overflights without extensive sampling of patches during lengthy stopovers.
Life insurance purchase behaviour: A systematic review and directions for future research
Authors: Bhatia Ritika , Bhat Anil K. , Tikoria Jyoti 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a framework‐based systematic review of existing research to understand the purchase behaviour of consumers for life insurance products. The TCM framework is adopted to provide an organized review of the theory, context and methods used in the articles under review. Antecedents, decisions and outcomes in the context of consumers’ life insurance purchase behaviour are also discussed in detail using the ADO framework. The review aggregates 136 unique antecedents derived from 76 relevant articles and classifies them into eight broad categories. Further, the reasons for obtaining a positive or negative effect of a particular antecedent on life insurance purchase decisions or outcomes are also fully explored. Finally, TCM and ADO frameworks are used to identify the research gaps in the extant life insurance literature. Some of the important future avenues of the research, especially from the perspective of behavioural economics and pandemic scenarios such as COVID‐19, are then explored.
Employment for persons with intellectual disability in the Nordic countries: A scoping review
Authors: Garrels Veerle , Sigstad Hanne Marie Høybråten 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPersons with intellectual disability remain largely excluded from the labour market in the Nordic countries. A review of the existing knowledge base may inform policymakers who try to address this challenge.MethodThe study uses a scoping review of 23 articles to summarize three decades of research on employment for persons with intellectual disability in the Nordic countries.ResultsPersons with intellectual disability value employment, but school‐related factors may form barriers to labour market participation. Support at the workplace is important but variable. There is a paucity of intervention studies, and few studies focus on supports to bridge the gap between personal capacity and environmental demands.ConclusionsA better coordination between the educational system and the labour market may facilitate higher levels of employment for persons with intellectual disability. Intervention studies that emphasize individualized supports and follow‐up of older employees with intellectual disability are welcomed.
Functional diversity and trait filtering of insectivorous bats relate to forest biogeography and fragmentation in South Africa
Authors: Moir Monika , Richards Leigh R. , Rambau Ramugondo V. , Cherry Michael I. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimForest fragmentation is a major driver of biodiversity loss causing declines in species richness and functional diversity of biotic communities. Bats are essential components of ecosystems and are useful bio‐indicators of habitat disturbance, yet the response and vulnerability of bats to fragmentation have been poorly studied in Africa. We aim to assess the effects of forest biogeographical history and fragmentation on functional diversity of bats and their functional traits.LocationEastern Cape and southern KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa.TaxonInsectivorous bats.MethodsWe surveyed forest‐utilizing bats to derive four functional diversity indices. Generalized linear models were used to assess the response of diversity indices to biogeographical history and fragmentation, represented by forest type and five landscape fragmentation metrics. RLQ and fourth‐corner analysis were used to investigate the interaction of traits with fragmentation metrics and forest type.ResultsPondoland Scarp forests displayed high functional richness, while Eastern Cape Dune forests exhibited high functional divergence yet low functional richness and dispersion. Two fragmentation metrics affected functional diversity dynamically: edge density had a positive effect on functional evenness; and dispersion was negatively affected by river length through forests. Results showed stronger interactions of functional traits with forest type than fragmentation metrics, with filtering effects on body size and wing morphology.Main conclusionsThe large‐scale processes related to biogeographical history, and associated forest structure, are important determinants of functional richness, divergence and dispersion of insectivorous bat communities. Scarp forests showed the highest species and functional richness as they experienced less extreme climatic extinction filtering than Mistbelt forests during the Last Glacial Maximum, whereas the low diversity of Eastern Cape Dune forests results from their younger evolutionary history and homogenous vegetation structure. Little is known of the sensitivity of bats to habitat fragmentation in Africa: here, we show larger‐sized insectivorous species; and species exhibiting low wing loading may be more vulnerable to fragmentation.
Pain catastrophising in the oro‐facial pain population
Authors: Dinan John E. , Hargitai Istvan A. , Watson Nora , Smith Alexander , Schmidt John E. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundPain catastrophising is a maladaptive cognitive response characterised by an exaggerated negative interpretation of pain experiences. It has been associated with greater disability and poorer outcomes in chronic pain, to include several specific oro‐facial pain conditions. The goal of this study was to examine pain catastrophising at a military oro‐facial pain specialty clinic.MethodsThis retrospective chart review (RCR) examined information collected at initial examination from 699 new patients seen between September 2016 and August 2019 at the Orofacial Pain Center at the Naval Postgraduate Dental School (Bethesda, MD). Pain catastrophising, pain characteristics, psychosocial factors and sleep were assessed using standardised scales. Linear regression was used to evaluate associations of patient characteristics and pain intensity with pain catastrophising. Mediation analyses were done to characterise the extent to which the relationship between pain intensity and pain catastrophising may be explained by anxiety, depression and insomnia.ResultsHigher pain intensity, depression, anxiety, insomnia and younger age were each associated with higher pain catastrophising (all p < .05). A primary diagnosis of neuropathic pain was the strongest independent predictor of higher pain catastrophising. The relationship between pain intensity and pain catastrophising was partially mediated by anxiety, depression and insomnia.ConclusionsIn this RCR of a population of oro‐facial pain patients, those diagnosed with neuropathic pain were most likely to display high levels of pain catastrophising, a characteristic which is associated with poor long‐term pain outcomes. This is the first study to show that, independent of other patient characteristics, those suffering from neuropathic pains displayed the highest levels of pain catastrophising. This highlights the importance of also addressing psychosocial factors in the treatment of neuropathic pain conditions, which are commonly treated using a predominantly biomedical approach. Additionally, anxiety, depression and insomnia each partially explains the relationship between pain intensity and pain catastrophising.
Play and medical play in teaching pre‐school children to cope with medical procedures involving needles: A systematic review
Authors: Kyriakidis Ioannis , Tsamagou Evangelia , Magos Konstantinos 
Published: March 2021

AimMost toddlers experience pain and distress during doctor or dental visits. Aim of this systematic review was to investigate the role of play‐based interventions in pain and fear or distress management in pre‐school children (aged from 2 to 6 years old) undergoing needle‐related medical procedures adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines (registration number: CRD42020192161).MethodsThe key database that was searched was PubMed/MEDLINE along with references of relevant review studies. Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that fulfilled inclusion and eligibility criteria were selected for analysis. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs and Review Manager version 5.4 was utilised in order to calculate standardised mean differences (SMDs) and create a forest plot for included studies that presented data on self‐reported pain ratings. Primary outcomes refer to pain, anxiety and fear assessments, while secondary outcomes refer to physiological measures and cortisol levels.ResultsAll included RCTs suffered from high risk of bias that relied on selection and blinding methodology, while other sources of bias were also present in some cases. Despite low‐quality of evidence, play‐based interventions seem to favour less self‐reported pain (SMD −0.39; 95% CI: −0.67 to −0.12; I2 = 84%).ConclusionLimitations of evidence, except from high risk of bias, include inconsistency in reporting primary outcome assessments and study designs that preclude reproducibility. Play‐based techniques seem to contribute to pre‐schoolers' coping towards needle‐related medical procedures and further research is warranted in order to explore clinical benefits.
Global dispersal and diversification of the genus Schoenus (Cyperaceae) from the Western Australian biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Elliott Tammy L. , van Mazijk Ruan , Barrett Russell L. , Bruhl Jeremy J. , Joly Simon , Muthaphuli Ngalirendwe , Wilson Karen L. , Muasya A. Muthama 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe predominantly austral genus Schoenus L. is the largest genus in tribe Schoeneae and one of the ten most species‐rich Cyperaceae genera, with over 150 accepted species found mostly in Australia, New Zealand, southeast Asia, and southern Africa. Here, we use data based on two nuclear and three plastid DNA regions to present one of the most comprehensive phylogenetic reconstructions of a genus in Cyperaceae to date, covering over 70% of described species of Schoenus. After recent taxonomic realignments in the last 4 years have both added and removed species from the genus, we show that Schoenus is now monophyletic. In addition, our results indicate that Schoenus originated in Western Australia in the Paleocene and eventually dispersed to surrounding continents, but rarely back. The diversification rate of the genus appears to have slightly decreased over time, and there has not been an increase associated with the establishment of the Cape clade endemic to the sclerophyllous fynbos vegetation type, such as has been reported in other plant lineages endemic to the Cape region. These results will serve as a template to understanding the complex patterns of genome size evolution and to untangle drivers of diversification in this genus.
Class A PBPs: It is time to rethink traditional paradigms
Authors: Straume Daniel , Piechowiak Katarzyna Wiaroslawa , Kjos Morten , Håvarstein Leiv Sigve 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUntil recently, class A penicillin‐binding proteins (aPBPs) were the only enzymes known to catalyze glycan chain polymerization from lipid II in bacteria. Hence, the discovery of two novel lipid II polymerases, FtsW and RodA, raises new questions and has consequently received a lot of attention from the research community. FtsW and RodA are essential and highly conserved members of the divisome and elongasome, respectively, and work in conjunction with their cognate class B PBPs (bPBPs) to synthesize the division septum and insert new peptidoglycan into the lateral cell wall. The identification of FtsW and RodA as peptidoglycan glycosyltransferases has raised questions regarding the role of aPBPs in peptidoglycan synthesis and fundamentally changed our understanding of the process. Despite their dethronement, aPBPs are essential in most bacteria. So, what is their function? In this review, we discuss recent progress in answering this question and present our own views on the topic.