bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and solving of drug therapy problems
Authors: Zaki Dina A. , Morsi Alaa M. , Abdel Gawad Mohammed A. , Ahmed Mahmoud A. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Clinical pharmacists (CPs) play a vital role in detecting and solving drug therapy problems (DTPs). This is a common practice in hospitals; however, it can be applicable for outpatient settings as well. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) usually have multiple medication prescriptions and are at greater risk of medication errors (MEs) and/or DTPs.

Objectives
The aim of this work is to assess the prevalence of DTPs among prescriptions for patients with CKD attending for outpatient nephrology consultation and to highlight the role of CPs team in outpatient settings.

Patients and methods
This is a chart review study conducted at a private specialized nephrology clinic in Alexandria, Egypt. After taking informed consent from participants to use their medical data, CPs collected and evaluated 550 prescriptions for possible DTPs. Prescriptions were ordered by different health care providers for 49 adult patients with CKD who attended the clinic from April to November 2019. Data were classified and subcategorized accordingly. Statistical analysis was done, and results were expressed in numbers and percentages.

Results and conclusion
Of 550 reviewed prescriptions, 122 (22.2%) DTPs were detected and solved. Dosage regimen ranked the top DTP 40 (32.8%), and it was mainly related to: (a) vitamins, minerals, and dietary supplements’ prescriptions [23 (18.9%)], (b) antihypertensive medications [20 (16.40%)], and (c) circulatory enhancers [11 (9.02%)]. To conclude: suboptimal dosing regimens are common problems encountered by the CPs team during routine patient care. CPs provided direct outpatient patient care, solved DTPs, and prevented possible MEs.
Digital Health Services among Patients with Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Purnamayanti Ni K. D. , Wicaksana Anggi L. 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims:
COVID-19 pandemic causes massive disruption of the global health system. The diabetic patients are the vulnerable parts population who are predicted to have a significant issue during the pandemic regarding the conventional type of consultation by face-to-face which may result in the higher risk of COVID-19 exposure. This study aims to observe the use of digital health services for diabetes management during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
A scoping review was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar during August until September 2020. The keywords that are used on the searching process are diabetes AND digital service OR telemedicine OR technology AND COVID-19. The criteria included the selection of scientific publication as an original research and reviews.

Results:
All published articles were gathered from 3 search engines; PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The discussion explicates the practical considerations that are in accordance with the current condition of each country. In order to do so, the evidence is classified based on the level of global digital health framework in the developed and developing countries. It was found that the minimal level of digital health that connects diabetes patients with healthcare providers was at level 2, which is by using the video mode. The most advanced is at level 3B, which is applied by using the CGM devices, which provide active monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment based on timely clinical judgment.

Conclusion:
It is feasible to utilize the digital health service during the COVID-19. This review is projected to be beneficial for the patient and health care providers to select the most feasible approach of digital health that merits the contextual resource.
The Role of Urinary LH and FSH in the Diagnosis of Pubertal Disorders
Authors: Tripathy Manoranjan , Baliarsinha A. K. , Choudhury A. K. , Das Upendra K. 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Various hormonal parameters used to differentiate between different causes of pubertal disorders are invasive, cumbersome, and has variable sensitivity and specificity. Thus, the use of a noninvasive test like urinary gonadotropin for the diagnosis of pubertal disorders will offer a significant advantage.

Objective:
To study the role of urinary gonadotropins (uLH, uFSH) for the diagnosis of various pubertal disorders and in the monitoring of Gonadotrophin releasing hormone, Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (GnRHa) therapy in patients with central precocious puberty (CPP).

Materials and Methods:
We evaluated 35 healthy children and 96 patients with disorders of puberty out of which 31 cases had early puberty and 65 cases had delayed puberty. We used Spearman’s correlation coefficient to evaluate the correlation between the serum and urinary gonadotropins. We used Mann–Whitney U test (for 2 groups) and Kruskal–Wallis test (for > 2 groups) to compare the median urinary and serum gonadotropins of different groups.

Results:
The urinary gonadotropins correlated strongly with serum gonadotropins in both healthy controls and individuals with pubertal disorders. The uLH level of ≥0.76 IU/L had 100% sensitivity and specificity to differentiate CPP from peripheral precocious puberty, whereas uLH level of ≥1.07 IU/L had 100% sensitivity and specificity for differentiating CPP from PT. In patients with delayed puberty, uFSH of ≥20.51 IU/L had 94.7% sensitivity and 91.3% specificity for the diagnosis of Hyper-Hypo cases and uLH level of ≥0.5 IU/L had sensitivity of 96.2% and specificity of 85% to differentiate constitutional delay in growth and puberty from hypogonadotropic-hypogonadism. In CPP patients on GnRHa therapy, the uLH level of ≥0.13 IU/L had 100% sensitivity and 86.7% specificity to identify those who had nonsuppressed serum LH levels.

Conclusion:
The urinary gonadotropins can be used as a reliable noninvasive test for the diagnosis of various pubertal disorders and also for monitoring of CPP patients on GnRHa therapy.
Low-Dose, Low-Specific Activity 131I-metaiodobenzyl Guanidine Therapy in Metastatic Pheochromocytoma/Sympathetic Paraganglioma
Authors: Barnabas Rohit , Jaiswal Sanjeet Kumar , Memon Saba Samad , Sarathi Vijaya , Malhotra Gaurav , Verma Priyanka , Patil Virendra A. , Lila Anurag R. , Shah Nalini S. , Bandgar Tushar R. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Radionuclide therapy is a promising treatment modality in metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL). There is scarce data on 131I-metaiodobenzyl guanidine (131I-MIBG) therapy from the Indian subcontinent. Hence, we aim to study the safety and effectiveness of low-dose, low-specific activity (LSA) 131I-MIBG therapy in patients with symptomatic, metastatic PPGL.

Methods:
Clinical, hormonal, and radiological response parameters and side effects of LSA 131I-MIBG therapy in patients with symptomatic, metastatic PPGL were retrospectively reviewed. World health organizations’ (WHO) symptomatic, hormonal, and tumor response, and response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST1.1) criteria were used to assess the response.

Results:
Seventeen (PCC: 11, sympathetic PGL: 06) patients (15 with disease progression) received low-dose LSA 131I-MIBG therapy. Complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD) were 18% (3/17), 24% (4/17), 18% (3/17), and 41% (7/17), respectively, for WHO symptomatic response; 20% (2/10), 10% (1/10), 30% (3/10), and 40% (4/10), respectively, for WHO hormonal response; and 19% (3/16), 6% (1/16), 31% (5/16), and 44% (7/16), respectively for tumor response based on RECIST1.1. All patients with symptomatic PD and 50% (2/4) with hormonal PD had progression as per RECIST1.1 criteria. Side effects included thrombocytopenia, acute myeloid leukemia, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and azoospermia in 6% (1/17) each.

Conclusions:
Our study reaffirms the modest efficacy and safety of low-dose, LSA 131I-MIBG therapy in patients with symptomatic, metastatic PPGL. Symptomatic, but not hormonal, progression after 131I-MIBG therapy correlates well with tumor progression and should be further evaluated with imaging. In resource-limited settings, anatomic imaging alone may be used to assess tumor response to 131I-MIBG therapy.
Compliance of Secondary Prevention Strategies in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus – A Cross-Sectional Analytical Survey from Kerala, India
Authors: Sudevan Remya , Raj Manu , Vasudevan Damodaran Madhavi , Arun Chankramath , Thachathodiyl Rajesh , Vijayakumar Maniyal , Abdullakutty Jabir , Thomas Paul , George Vijo , Kabali Conrad 
Published: September 2021

Context:
There is limited data related to compliance of secondary prevention strategies for coronary artery diseases (CAD) among patients with and without diabetes.

Objectives:
The objective was to compare compliance to secondary prevention strategies for CAD including smoking cessation, weight management, blood pressure (BP) control, Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol control and adequate physical activity between patients with and without diabetes.

Settings and Design:
This is a hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study.

Methods and Materials:
The study questionnaire was used to collect data through interviews of CAD patients. Compliance to secondary prevention strategies was documented using European Society of Cardiology guidelines.

Statistical Analysis:
We used modified Poisson model to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (Adj. PR) for estimating compliance.

Results:
Among 1,206 participants with CAD, 609 (50.5%) had diabetes. The Adj. PR s for three targets – smoking cessation (Adj. PR 1.01, 95% CI 0.97, 1.06, P 0.50), ideal BMI (Adj. PR 0.99, 95% CI 0.92, 1.09, P 0.99) and adequate physical activity (Adj. PR 1.12, 95% CI 0.97, 1.29, P 0.12) showed no significant difference between the groups. There was poor BP control in patients with diabetes compared to those without the same (Adj. PR 0.19, 95% CI 0.15, 0.23, P < 0.0001). LDL cholesterol control was better in patients with diabetes in comparison to those without the same (Adj. PR 1.19, 95% CI 1.08, 1.31, P 0.0005).

Conclusion:
The compliance for secondary prevention of CAD among patients with diabetes is similar to those without diabetes except for poor control of hypertension and better control of LDL cholesterol.
Guilt, regret, and coping in individuals with obsessive–Compulsive disorder and individuals in conflict with law
Authors: Audhya Pooja , Barik-Sil Illora , Saha Pradeep Kumar , Bhattacharjee Dipanjan , Kannekanti Prasad 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Persons with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and individuals in conflict with law are prone to experience guilt and regret which can have significant implications on their lives. Guilt and regret are two very prominent emotions found in individuals with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder A question then arises whether the individuals who are in Conflict with Law experiences the same kind of guilt and regret, which is experienced by the persons suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder; another aspect that too seeks attention is how related is the coping strategy of the two distinguished population.

Methods:
The objective of this study was to aim assess and compare the guilt, regret and coping in individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder and individuals in conflict with law. The sample size consists 60 individuals (18-55years of age), of whom 30 individuals were with OCD taking treatment in the Institute of Psychiatry and 30 individuals in conflict with law, who were taken from the Presidency Correctional Home and Alipore Women Correctional Home. Participants were selected purposively. The Revised Mosher Guilt Inventory, Regret Scale and Brief Cope were administered of the participants of either group for the assessment guilt, regret and coping respectively. Data analysis was done by the SPSS-25 (Windows version). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t test and chi-square test were used.

Results:
In OCD group, majority of the participants were found to have higher educational qualifications, e.g. intermediate, graduation or more, whereas, in persons in conflict with law group, most of them were either illiterate or minimally educated, nearly equal participation of males and females was observed in either group, mean ages were 32.93±9.21 and 40.00±8.38 in OCD and persons in conflict with law groups respectively. No significant differences were noted between these two groups in coping and regret. In case of guilt, significant difference was noted in 'guilty conscience', where OCD patients reported significantly higher scores than that of persons in conflict with law. In other two forms of guilt, i.e., sexual guilt and hostility guilt no significant differences were noted.

Conclusion:
Difference in guilt between OCD patients' and the persons' in conflict with might be due to several reasons, ranging from core illness related factors to larger socio-cultural factors. Roles of personality might as well have some association with it. Giving conclusive remark about guilt, regret and coping about these two divergent populations might not be possible with this small size. In future, studies should be carried out on larger samples which should be selected through stratified sampling method for securing more accurate information about those issues. Factors like, family structure and functions, marital relationship, family support and personality disposition should also be studied.
The Silent Survivor
Authors: Kadam Kranti S , Anvekar Sampada , Angane Amey Y , Unnithan Vishnu B 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Alcohol use disorder has many negative effects on the wives of patients including domestic violence. The wives are in a position where their mental state can be severely compromised, leading to suicidal behavior. The purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence and types of domestic violence in the wives of patients with alcohol use disorder. The study examined the extent of perceived stress, nature of coping strategies used, suicidal risk, and their relationship with domestic violence.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study of 100 wives of patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition, recruited using purposive sampling technique was conducted over 6 months. The wives were administered a semi-structured pro forma along with Severity of Violence against Women Scale, Perceived stress scale-14, Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), and Coping Questionnaire-30. Contingency tables and linear regression analysis helped examine the associations and correlations.

Results and Discussion:
Domestic violence was highly prevalent (87%) in the wives of patients with alcohol use disorder. A statistically significant correlation was seen between domestic violence and perceived stress. It was seen that those who experienced domestic violence used predominantly tolerant inactive coping mechanism. The wives facing domestic violence had a four-fold greater prevalence of suicidal behavior. Statistically significant relationships were seen between domestic violence and intensity as well as severity of suicidal ideation.

Conclusions:
The study highlights the importance of screening for domestic violence in the wives of alcohol use disorder patients as it is highly prevalent. Psychoeducation to effectively deal with the stress and adopting healthy coping ways to improve psychological health is essential. Spreading awareness about both, domestic violence in the community and the need for treating patients with alcohol use disorder, may prove to be helpful.
Correlation of neurocognitive deficits with positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia
Authors: Priyamvada Richa , Ranjan Rupesh , Jha Gyanendra Kumar , Chaudhury Suprakash 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Patients with schizophrenia manifests a broad array of cognitive impairments, including impaired performance on measures reflecting attention, information processing, executive functions, memory, and language capabilities.

Aim:
This study aims to assess neurocognitive deficits and their correlation with positive and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.

Materials and Methods:
Sample was collected from private clinic of Jabalpur, Bhopal, and Patna. Selection of sample was purposive sampling. The sample size consists of 60 diagnosed cases of schizophrenia on the basis of (International Classification of Diseases-10 [ICD-10] Diagnostic Criteria for Research criteria) and 30 normal controls. Annet's Hand Preference Battery was used to screen handedness and only right-handed male were included in this study. After screening according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 diagnosed (ICD-10 criteria) schizophrenia patients were selected which was further divided into two groups on the basis of positive and negative syndrome scale, i.e. schizophrenia with positive and negative symptoms. Thirty matched normal controls having scores <2 scores on General Health Questionnaire-12 were selected for the study. After filling of sociodemographic details Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB-I) was administered on both schizophrenia group and normal control.

Results:
Cognitive functions are severely impaired in schizophrenia compared to normal control and within schizophrenia groups negative schizophrenia had poor performance on LNNB-I than positive schizophrenia. Regarding the correlation of neurocognitive deficits, both schizophrenia groups were correlated but negative symptoms of schizophrenia were strongly correlated with neurocognitive deficits.

Conclusion:
Cognitive functions are severely impaired in schizophrenia as compared to normal control and within schizophrenia groups, negative schizophrenia had poor performance on LNNB-I than positive schizophrenia. Regarding the correlation of neurocognitive deficits, both schizophrenias groups were correlated but negative symptoms of schizophrenia were strongly correlated with neurocognitive deficits.
Efficacy and durability of cognitive behavior therapy in managing hallucination in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Shukla Priyanka , Padhi Debasish , Sengar K. S. , Singh Abha , Chaudhury Suprakash 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) approach to psychosis is a relatively recent development and focuses directly on the core psychotic symptoms of hallucinations and delusions.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy in managing hallucination in patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate the generalizability and durability of the therapeutic gains.

Materials and Methods:
In this confirmatory pre–post assessment study, based on the purposive sampling technique, a sample consisting of 40 (20 for experimental and the other 20 for control group) patients having schizophrenia with core symptoms of hallucination and delusions under treatment as usual were selected and matched on the sociodemographic and clinical variables. For the clinical variables, the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale and Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms were used. After baseline assessment, the cognitive behavioral program was tailored on the experimental group and patients of both the group were reassessed after the completion of treatment. Follow-up data to see the durability of program were taken from all the patients of experimental and control groups.

Results:
Cognitive behavior therapy was found to be effective for the treatment of auditory hallucination in schizophrenia. The therapeutic gains in all study variables were found to be maintained or further improving at follow-up which proves that cognitive behavior therapy is durable.

Conclusion:
Cognitive behavior therapy in conjunction with pharmacotherapy was found to be more effective in improving clinical symptoms of schizophrenia and global functioning compared to pharmacotherapy alone.
THE ROLE OF HAND EMBROIDERY IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION: A CASE STUDY OF GADAP TOWN, KARACHI
Authors: Rind Siraj Bashir , Farooq Kinza , Adam Shakir 
Published: September 2021

This research topic is very important and shows the social causes of poverty alleviation. Poverty is today’s biggest problem in Pakistan. This research made an effort to find out and to discuss the related elements of poverty. The Researcher proposed to study problems and prospects of hand embroidery in the cottage industries, Cottage industry sector plays a dominant role in the economic development of countries. In developing countries cottage industries are especially important in the context of employment opportunities, equitable distribution of national income, balanced regional growth, and development of different areas. A sample of 70 home-based workers selected from convenience sampling in Gadap Town, Karachi. After assembling data, we found that the government is providing the required level of support to hand embroidery, Respondents cannot perform household chores along with their work and create differences in the domestic economic conditions.
FORMAL LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS OF HEC FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF EDUCATION SECTOR
Authors: Saleem Qurat-ul-Ain , Shakoor Aqil , Hassan Shabib 
Published: September 2021

We are living in an era of development and innovation through research and learning. The nation that has achieved its development goals, has done through education reforms and a keen focus on strengthening its National Innovation System. In Pakistan, this role has fallen to the Higher Education Commission, commonly known as HEC. The Higher Education Commission (HEC) has attempted various activities for ceaseless improvement of the nature of advanced education as per the worldwide norms and to patch up post-auxiliary instruction to improve the instructive guidelines at the alumni level. Public Academy for Higher Education has been built up with the mean to plan and convey nonexclusive and need-based limit building and preparing programs in instructing and exploration for personnel just as a spotlight on scholastic administration and authority for the workforce and the board. Education Testing Council (ETC) has additionally been modified to normalize passage tests for the universities of Pakistan. The study focuses on the different programs run by HEC to develop the country’s formal learning program and education sector. Since its commencement, we investigate various projects created by HEC to encourage Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and build up a superior staff for this reason.
Nghiên cứu hiệu quả khởi phát chuyển dạ bằng propess đặt âm đạo
Authors: Phạm Chí Kông , Bùi Thị Viễn Phương 
Published: September 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả khởi phát chuyển dạ, tác dụng phụ và tai biến của Propess đặt âm đạo. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang gồm 39 phụ nữ mang thai quá ngày dự sinh (40 +1/7 – 42 +0/7) được khởi phát chuyển dạ tại khoa Phụ Sản – Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y – Dược Huế, khoa Phụ Sản – Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế và khoa Sinh – Bệnh viện Sản Nhi Đà Nẵng trong thời gian từ tháng 06/2019 – 09/2020.
Kết quả: Hiệu quả gây chín muồi cổ tử cung là 76,9%; gây chuyển dạ thành công pha tiềm tàng là 74,4%. Khởi phát chuyển dạ đến pha tích cực là 51,3%. Tỉ lệ khởi phát chuyển dạ thành công sinh ngã âm đạo là 43,6% tổng mẫu nghiên cứu. Thời gian từ khi đặt thuốc đến khi có chuyển dạ thành công pha tiềm tàng trung bình là 8,4 giờ, đến pha tích cực trung bình là 9,8 giờ, đến khi sinh là 12,3 giờ. Tỉ lệ sản phụ sinh đường âm đạo trong vòng 12 giờ sau đặt Propess là 45,0%. Đa số các trường hợp không có tác dụng phụ nghiêm trọng và tai biến.
Kết luận: Propess đặt âm đạo có hiệu quả cao trong việc gây chín muồi cổ tử cung và gây chuyển dạ thành công pha tiềm tàng. Đa số các trường hợp không có tác dụng phụ nghiêm trọng và tai biến.