bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Welding Defect Detectionand Classification of Phased Array C-Scan Images Using Modified Fast Fuzzy C Means Andradial Bias Function Neural Network
Authors: C Jayasudha J , S Lalithakumari 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the recent past, phased array technology is one of the most important methodologies used for inspection of welding. The welding defect identification is a difficult task due to noise content and uneven illumination and contrast on phased array 2D image. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a recent Machine Learning (ML) technology that has been achieved a lot of attention over the recent years. The saliency feature extraction for representing image has become complex due to quality of 2D image. The proper image restoration and enhancement techniques should be applied in order to improve the quality of 2D phased array image. The 2D-Adaptive Anisotropic Diffusion Filter (2D AADF) is applied to eliminate noises such as impulse noise and speckle noise. The Adaptive Mean Adjustment-Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (AMA-CLAHE) is the enhancement technique that is applied to improve contrast and brightness of the phased array 2D image. The welding defect region can be exactly segmented using saliency mapping to contour boundaries of defects in welding. In this paper, a novel methodology for welding defect detection is applied based on Modified Fast Fuzzy C Means (MFFCM) clustering technique by integrating Probability Mass Function (PMF) threshold technique for higher range of efficient and accurate segmentation. The Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and 2D Band-let Transform (2D BT) are applied to extract features on segmented image. TheRadial Bias Function Neural Network (RBFNN) classifier is one of the ANN classifier for classifying welding defects. Most of image classification techniques utilize RBFNN as they will provide great range of accuracy and precision while compared to existing techniques. The localized generation error model is implemented in RBFNN in order to minimize Mean Square Error (MSE). The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methodology has been evaluated with the help of experimental results in terms of graphical representation and numerical analysis.
The Effectiveness of Mobile-Learning in Teaching Corrective Exercises to Scoliosis Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: heshmati Arefeh , Hazrati Hakimeh , Salahzade Zahra , hachesu Peyman Rezaei hachesu Rezaei , ekrami Nushin khalili , Soltani Taha Samad Soltani Samad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Mobile-learning (M-learning) has recently provided new opportunities and facilitated patient education due to its attractiveness and ease of access. As a result, the present study aimed to design an application (app) and evaluate the effectiveness of M-learning in teaching CEx to patients suffering from scoliosis.
Methods
This quasi-experimental study was fulfilled in two phases, namely, app design and educational intervention among scoliosis patients, and then reflections on the effectiveness of the app and educational intervention implementation concerned. Within the implementation step, the scoliosis patients referred to the rehabilitation center affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, were divided into case and control groups upon imaging and grading their spine curvature. The effectiveness of the educational intervention was also assessed through the rate of recovery in spine curvature and users’ opinions and satisfaction with the app usability via the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ).
Results
In this sense, the accuracy index was equal to 100% based on physiotherapists’ approval. The level of satisfaction with the educational intervention in the case group with a mean value of 97% was also higher than that in the controls (88%). Moreover, the values ​​of the Cob angle change in the case group were significantly higher than that in the controls. Based on the analysis of the UEQ outcomes, the highest and the lowest levels of satisfaction among the users were associated with the “perspicuity” and “stimulation” dimensions of the app, respectively.
Conclusion
Given that the new models of care are today mostly focused on the role of patients, moving toward patient self-management, the app designed here could be utilized as a model for developing broader similar systems and programs for treatment management, patient monitoring, emergency response, personalized health monitoring, and widespread access to health care information.
The Association of Serum Levels of stromolysin-1 and connexin-37 with the severity of coronary artery disease
Authors: Naebian Melika , Aslanabadi Naser , Nourazarian Alireza , Rahbarghazi Reza , shademan behrouz , Vatankhah Amir Mansour , khaki-khatibi Fatemeh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a common form of heart disease that is considered a serious health problem in society. Atherosclerosis is widely recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease of the vessels and can lead to CAD and myocardial infarction. The aim of the present study was to investigate serum levels of connexin-37 and stromelysin-1 as significant biomarkers of CAD and their correlation with the extent of CAD. Methods and results Sixty CAD patients with one-vessel (1VD), two-vessel (2VD), and three-vessel (3VD) disease were enrolled in this study. For comparison with the results, 20 healthy control subjects were also included in this study. Serum concentrations of connexin-37 and stromelysin-1 were determined using commercial ELISA kits. Serum connexin-37 concentrations were not significantly different between the patient and control groups (p < 0.05). The analysis showed a statistically significant difference between subjects with one-vessel disease, subjects with two-vessel disease, and subjects with three-vessel disease. Serum Stromelysin-1 concentration was significantly higher in the patients than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions The results of our study indicate that serum levels of stromelysin-1, but not connexin-37, may contribute to the prediction of the occurrence and progression of CAD.
A Highly Pathogenic Marek’s Disease Virus Isolated From a Immunized to Bivalent Vaccines Chicken Farm in China
Authors: Li Huimin , Ge Zengxu , Luo Qiong , Fu Qiang , Chen Ruiai 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is an important oncogenic poultry pathogen that can generally be controlled by vaccination. However, MDV still occasionally occurs on vaccinated farms owing to possible genetic variation among MDV strains as well as management-related issues. In this study, a novel MDV strain (designated LZ1309) was isolated from a poultry flock that had been previously vaccinated using the HVT plus CVI988 vaccine strains. Animal experiments showed that LZ1309 infection led higher morbidity (100%) and mortality (90%). Moreover, existing vaccines only provided partial protection against LZ1309, which protection indexes of HVT, CVI988, and HVT plus CVI988 were 68.4%, 85%, and 90%, respectively. In conclusion, we have shown that the more virulent of Marek’s disease virus existed in vaccinated with HVT plus CVI988 in poultry farms in China. And the emergence of LZ1309 poses a new potential threat to poultry farms. In future studies, the development of new treatment strategies should be of high priority.
Artificial “Nano-Targeted Cells” for Bimodal Imaging-Guided Tumor Cocktail Therapy
Authors: Chen Qiaoqi , Zhang Liang , Li Lin , Tan Mixiao , Liu Weiwei , Liu Shuling , Xie Zhuoyan , Zhang Wei , Wang Zhigang , Cao Yang , Shang Tingting , Ran Haitao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Single therapeutic modality always has its limitations in combating metastatic lesions with complicacy. Although the emerging immunotherapy exhibits preliminary success, solid tumors are usually immunosuppressive, leading to ineffective antitumor immune responses and immunotherapeutic resistance. Rational combination of several therapeutic modalities may potentially become a new therapeutic strategy to effectively combat cancer.Results: Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanospheres were constructed with photothermal transduction agents (PTAs)- Prussian blue (PB) encapsulated in the core and chemotherapeutic docetaxel (DTX)/ immune adjuvant- imiquimod (R837) loaded in the shell. Tumor cell membranes were further coated outside PLGA nanospheres (designated as “M@P-PDR”), which acted as “Nano-targeted cells” to actively accumulate in tumor sites, which was guided/monitored by photoacoustic (PA)/ magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Upon laser irradiation, photothermal effects were triggered. Combined with DTX, PTT induced in situ tumor eradication. Assisted by immune adjuvant R837, the maturation of DCs were promoted. Besides, DTX polarized M2-phenotype tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to M1-phenotype, relieving immunosuppressive TME. Integrating the above processes, the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) increased. The primary tumors and metastasis were significantly inhibited when treated with “Nano-targeted cells” based cocktail therapy.Conclusion: “Nano-targeted cells” based therapeutic cocktail therapy is a promising approach to promote tumor regression and counter metastasis/ recurrence.
Designing of a novel multisubunit vaccine against Nipah virus structural proteins: A reverse vaccinology approach
Authors: Adam khalid Mohamed 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

The significant public health risk posed by NiV zoonosis and the lack of effective countermeasures against the intermittent outbreaks of the disease in the South and Southeast Asia region have entailed an imperative search for a protective vaccine to prevent or mitigate its epidemic potentiality. This is an endeavor to design an effective, safe multisubunit vaccine using an in silico reverse vaccinology approach.
Methods

The epitopes used for the construction of the candidate vaccine were meticulously predicted from five viral structural proteins (G, F, M, N, P) using several immunoinformatics tools to assess different epitope characteristics, namely, VaxiJen server for antigenicity, IEDB immunogenicity tool for immunogenicity, AlgPred server for allergenicity, ToxinPred for toxigenicity, IFNepitope server for interferon-gamma induction, Protparam server for physicochemical properties, GROMACS for simulation and simulation dynamics analysis, and finally, SnapGene tool for molecular cloning.
Results

The proposed vaccine molecule consisted of 501 amino acids, encompassing 7 B cell epitopes, 14 CTL epitopes, and 4 HTL epitopes. The physiochemical parameters of the vaccine construct showed a molecular weight of 54.6 kDa, an acidic stable molecule with an instability index of 38.3, aliphatic index of 62.89, and grand average of hydropathicity of -0.476. Moreover, the docking results and simulation dynamics of the vaccine molecule and TLR-3 showed global energy of 1.58 Kcal/mol, atomic contact energy of 2.98 Kcal/mol, and RMSD of 0.65 nm. The radius gyration showed a relatively steady value throughout the simulation period. a suggestive result of a stable compact structure and a promisingly effective vaccine construct.
Conclusion

In summary, the overall results of the multi-subunit vaccine molecule are suggestive of a promisingly effective vaccine against NiV infection in humans with a relatively stable compact structure, however, further experimental validation and assessment of pathogenic priming and autoimmunity induction are recommended.
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy versus Gauze Dressings in Managing Open Fracture Wound of Lower Limbs: An Update Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Qian Hu , Lei Ting , Hu Yihe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
IntroductionWhether the negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is superior to standard gauze dressings in managing open fracture wounds of lower limbs still remains a controversy. Herein, we updated a meta-analysis only including RCTs to comprehensively compare the clinical efficacy of the two dressings.Materials and methodsWe searched various databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Clinicaltrial.gov and Cochrane Library to screen eligible RCTs. Data extraction was performed by two reviewers independently. The data analysis was carried out using the Review Manager 5.3 software.ResultsThere were 10 RCTs, along with 2780 patients, eligible for meta-analysis. We found patients in the NPWT group showed lower overall infection rate (MD = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.54 − 0.90, P = 0.005), acute wound infection rate (MD = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16 − 0.77, P = 0.009) and shorter hospital stay (MD = 24.00, 95% CI: 6.82–84.46, P < 0.00001) as compared with the control group. And the NPWT group showed higher proportion of patients with wound coverage than the control group. While no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of function score and other complications including deep infection rate, amputation and bone nonunion.ConclusionBased on the pooled results, we suggested that NPWT could be an alternative choice over traditional gauze dressings in managing the wound of open fracture of lower limbs.
Análisis numérico del flujo sobre-expandido en la tobera cónica experimental ULA-1B fuera de diseño
Authors: Tolentino Masgo San Luis Baudilio , González Campos Omar 
Published: September 2021

En las toberas supersónicas, ocurren diferentes patrones de flujo y su comportamiento está influenciado por las geometrías de las superficies internas de las paredes. En el presente trabajo se simula en 2D el campo de flujo sobrexpandido en la tobera cónica experimental ULA-1B fuera de diseño, para dos casos de longitudes de garganta: Lg=15mm y Lg=1mm; con el fin de analizar el campo de número de Mach, presión y temperatura. Se empleó el código ANSYS-Fluent y se aplicó el modelo RANS; las ecuaciones gobernantes: conservación de la masa, cantidad de movimiento, energía, y estado; así como el modelo de turbulencia de Menter y la ecuación de Sutherland para la viscosidad en función de la temperatura. En la sección de la garganta de mayor longitud, los resultados mostraron choques oblicuos, fluctuaciones de velocidad, presión y temperatura; para la garganta de menor longitud no hubo fluctuaciones; para ambos casos, el flujo en la divergente presentó picos de velocidad en el rango de 2,5-3 Mach. Se concluye que, para la menor longitud de garganta el flujo se acelera sin perturbaciones en dicha sección; en la divergente se presenta un chorro supersónico y una separación de flujo
The in situ remediation of aquaculture water and sediment by commercial probiotics immobilized on different carriers
Authors: Yi Mengmeng , Wang Chun , Wang He , Zhu Xi , Liu Zhigang , Gao Fengying , Ke Xiaoli , Cao Jianmeng , Wang Miao , Liu Ying , Lu Maixin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the effect of probiotics immobilized by oyster shells (Os), vesuvianite (Ve) and walnut shells (Ws) on the remediation of aquaculture water and sediment by analyzing the variation of ammonia-nitrogen (NH4–N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3–N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2–N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), as well as the microbiota of the water and sediment. The positive or negative effects of the treatment groups on the water quality parameters were both observed. Compared with their effects on water quality parameters, the treatment groups had better effects on sediment parameters. Group Ve had the best remediation effect of NH4–N and NO3–N in the sediment (decreased by 5.22 and 1.66 times, respectively). Group Os showed a lower relative concentration of TN and CODCr (decreased by 3.77 and 0.95 times, respectively). The high-throughput sequencing results revealed that the immobilized probiotics increased the relative abundances of functional bacteria in the treatment groups at the phylum and genus level. The above results showed that probiotics immobilized by oyster shells, vesuvianite and walnut shells positively affected the aquaculture environment's remediation, especially the sediment.
OIP5-AS1: A Fascinating Long Noncoding RNA in Carcinoma
Authors: Zhong Juanjuan , Chen Jinlan , Wang Bei , Zhou Zixian , Shen Yujie , Gong Yibo , Tan Fangshun , Yuan Chengfu 
Published: September 2021

Background:
It is substantiated that LncRNAs are associated with carcinoma progression. OIP5-
AS1 is a tumor-related carcinoma suppressor lncRNA, previously discovered in zebrafish, which is involved in
the progression of a variety of cancers, has a regulatory effect on carcinoma, and interacts with miRNA and
other biomolecules to affect the physiological and pathological processes of carcinoma cells. This article will
discuss the effect of OIP5-AS1 in various cancers and its regulatory mechanism.

Methods:
This paper summarized and analyzed OIP5-AS1, which functions on the germination and progression
of carcinoma and its regulatory mechanism. Meanwhile, the related research was retrieved and collected
by the PubMed system.

Results:
OIP5-AS1 is overexpressed in various tumors, which regulates and controls tumor growth and participates
in tumor progression, including breast carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, lung carcinoma,
laryngeal squamous cell gastric carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. The research evidence proves
that OIP5-AS1 takes part in carcinoma proliferation, growth, migration, invasion, and apoptosis.

Conclusion:
OIP5-AS1 probably can be an effective biomarker or a potential therapeutic target in multiple tumors.
Amalgamation and Scrutinizing of Leucine Derivatives Schiff Bases Complexes
as Antimicrobial Agent
Authors: Pervaiz Muhammad , Tahir Muhammad Bilal , Ahmad Ikram , Saeed Zohaib , Sagir Muhammad , Younas Umer , Ahmad Awais , Rashid Ayoub , Syed Quratulain , Adnan Ahmad 
Published: September 2021

:
The enhanced applications of Schiff bases metal complexes of amino acid derivatives
have captured the attention of researchers for the synthesis of leucine derivatives of Schiff bases
metal complexes. Amino acids are considered to be essential part of food supplements as well as
derivatives of Schiff bases in coordination chemistry due to their donor ability. The leucine derivatives
Schiff bases ligand have been synthesized by condensation reaction between amine of leucine
with aldehyde or ketone bearing molecules attached with them. These complexes were characterized
by different spectroscopic tools in order to confirm their structural geometries. The structural
geometries are considered to be very important in order to improve the antimicrobial potential of
leucine derivative metal complexes. By taking into account the antimicrobial potential of titled
compounds, a comprehensive review of leucine derivatives of Schiff bases metal complexes has
been compiled.
Polymer-based Nanotherapeutics for Burn Wounds
Authors: Yadav Awesh , Ujjwal Rewati Raman , Tripathi Shourya , Krishna S.T.V. Sai 
Published: September 2021

Abstract:
Burn wounds are complex and intricate injuries that have become a common cause of trauma leading to significant mortality and morbidity every year. Dressings are applied to burn wounds with the aim of promoting wound healing, preventing burn infection and restoring skin function. The dressing protects the injury and contributes to recovery of dermal and epidermal tissues. Polymer-based nanotherapeutics are increasingly being exploited as burn wound dressings. Natural polymers such as cellulose, chitin, alginate, collagen, gelatin and synthetic polymers like poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), polycaprolactone, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol are being obtained as nanofibers by nanotechnological approaches like electrospinning and have shown wound healing and re-epithelialization properties. Their biocompatibility, biodegradability, sound mechanical properties and unique structures provide optimal microenvironment for cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration contributing to burn wound healing. The polymeric nanofibers mimic collagen fibers present in extracellular matrix and their high porosity and surface area to volume ratio enable increased interaction and sustained release of therapeutics at the site of thermal injury. This review is an attempt to compile all recent advances in the use of polymer-based nanotherapeutics for burn wounds. The various natural and synthetic polymers used have been discussed comprehensively and approaches being employed have been reported. With immense research effort that is currently being invested in this field and development of proper characterization and regulatory framework, future progress in burn treatment is expected to occur. Moreover, appropriate preclinical and clinical research will provide evidence for the great potential that polymer-based nanotherapeutics hold in the management of burn wounds.
Holothuria arenicola Extract Attenuated Hepatic Steatosis in Splenectomized
Rat Fed High Fat Diet
Authors: Sadek Shimaa A. , Farouk Asmaa E. , Fahmy Sohair R. , Soliman Amel M. 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a considerable public health
concern due to the excessive dietary consumption of high caloric diet and subsequent obesity. Additionally,
splenectomy is considered one of the major common risk factors for NAFLD.

Objective:
Regardless of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) being the most common
chronic disorder, there is no effective cure for it. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate
the efficacy of Holothuria arenicola extract (HaE) on hepatic steatosis in splenectomized (SPX)
rats fed High fat diet (HFD).

Methods:
Male Wistar rats (n=28) were randomly assigned to four groups: sham rats fed a standard
diet, sham rats+ HFD, SPX+HFD and SPX+HFD+HaE. The estimation of hematological and
some biochemical parameters, as well as oxidative status, were analyzed.

Results:
Oral administration of HaE caused a significant amelioration in all hematological parameters
relative to untreated splenectomized rats. Concerning lipid metabolism, HaE treatment caused
a pronounced amelioration in lipid metabolism, as indicated by the decreased total cholesterol, triglycerides
and LDL-cholesterol contents, as well as the increased HDL- cholesterol level. HaE treatment
significantly enhanced hepatic function, as exhibited by the reduction in liver enzyme activities
as well as the increase in protein and albumin content. Moreover, HaE could retard the hepatic
oxidative stress via a pronounced increase in hepatic GSH content and antioxidant enzyme activities
besides decreasing MDA, NO and H2O2 formation.

Conclusion:
HaE could be utilized as a potential alternative hepatoprotective remedy via lipid
metabolism and oxidative damage attenuation.