bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blinded Comparison of Palmaroproximal-palmarodistal-oblique and Dorsoproximal-palmarodistal Oblique Radiographic Projections With Contrast Medium in the Navicular Bursa in Dissected Horse Front Feet With Native Radiographs and Gross Pathology
Authors: Staufenbiel Christian , Gerhards Hartmut , Koerner Jens 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Equine palmar foot syndrome is a common cause of chronic lameness. Radiographic and ultrasound imaging are sometimes insufficient to examine the podotrochlear apparatus. MRI and CT have great diagnostic value but are expensive and are not available for all patients. Bursography might become a highly available and inexpensive diagnostic tool for this purpose.Material and Methods: To evaluate the technique, standard palmaroproximal-palmarodistal-oblique (PaPr-PaDiO ) and dorsoproximal-palmarodistal oblique (DPr-PaDiO) radiographs were acquired both before and after injecting contrast medium in the navicular bursa (NB) and were subsequently compared with gross pathology as gold standard in 48 dissected front feet. For all results a scoring system with 4 groups was introduced. Results: Compared with the gold standard, the fleiss kappa between groups were 0.349, 0.280, 0.358, and 0.455 for DPr-PaDiO, PaPr-PaDiO, DPr-PaDiO contrast enhanced (CE), and PaPr-PaDiO (CE), respectively (P < 0.001). The combined view of native images and the view of all pictures were correlated to the gold standard with a Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 0.373 and 0.556, respectively (P < 0.001). The Kruskal-Wallis-Test did not reveal any significant difference between standard radiographs and gross pathology group 1, 2, and 3. Contrast enhanced (CE) radiographs showed significant differences between gross pathology group 1 versus 2 and 3. Group 4 feet (gross pathology score) were remarkably well evaluated by both radiographic imaging techniques. When more than two projections were graded with findings, the respective feet were found to be moderately to severely changed in gross pathology (specificity: 100 %, sensitivity: 41.4 %). 3/13 (23.1%) group 3 and 4/19 (21.1%) group 4 specimens showed altered CE radiographs and unremarkable native radiographs. 2/13 (15.4%) group 3 and 2/19 (10.5%) group 4 feet do not have any findings in radiographs. Conclusion: In the present study, bursography with two additional CE images led to more information on the podotrochlear apparatus compared to native radiographs alone. Some cases with no changes in native radiographs will be detected in bursography, and in specimens with altered native radiographs, the diagnosis will be ensured. Therefore, bursography is a useful tool for diagnosing horses with suspected navicular disease when an MRI is not possible or the NB is injected anyway for therapeutic purposes.
Cystic Lesions in Giant Intraventricular Meningioma: Cases Report
Authors: Yu Hai , He Junhua , Yang Min , Cheng Jun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Giant meningioma stemming from intraventricular zone has been reported to be extremely few. Two cases of supersize (>8 cm) intraventricular meningiomas presenting with cystic lesions and their clinical characteristics were collected in our study.Case description: One patient was a 56-year-old man who hospitalized for blunt headache and weakness of right lower limb along with defect of right visual field for 12 months. The other patient is a 22-year-old lady presented with slight headache accompanied with right facial numbness for one week. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of both patients revealed a giant heterogeneous, enhancing tumor mainly in the left trigonum with a low-density or hypointense cystic lesions located within or around the tumor. Total resection was performed via a transcortical approach in both cases. The pathological and immunohistochemical staining indicated fibroblastic meningioma (case one) and atypical meningioma (case two) respectively. Postoperatively, both of patients recovered free from episodes of symptoms and imaging examinations confirmed no evidence of regrowth of the meningioma during an average 24 months follow-up. Conclusions: Cystic lesions may indicate the histopathologic malignancy of intraventricular meningioma. Transcortical approach through the posterior temporal lobe or the parieto-occipital lobe is an effective technology for giant intraventricular meningiomas.
Establishment of Dynamic Model of axle Box Bearing of high-speed Train under Variable Speed Conditions
Authors: Liu Yongqiang , Wang Baosen , Zhang Bin , Yang Shaopu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper establishes a dynamic model of the bearing rotor system of a high-speed train under variable speed conditions. Different from previous works, the proposed model simplifies the contact stress and considers the compensation balance excitation caused by the rotor mass eccentricity. The angle iteration method is used to solve the challenging problem that the roller space position cannot be determined in bearing rotation. The simulation results show that the model accurately describes the dynamics of bearing under varying speed profiles that contain acceleration, deceleration and speed oscillation stages. The order ratio spectrum of the bearing vibration signal indicates that both single frequency and multiple frequency in simulation results are consistent with that in theoretical results. Experiments of bearing with outer ring fault and inner ring fault under various operating conditions are presented to verify the developed model.
Synthesis, Characterization of Novel N'(2-Phenoxyacetyl)Nicotinohydrazide and N'(2-Phenoxyacetyl)Isonicotinohydrazide Derivatives as Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Agents
Authors: Pallavi H. M. , Al-Ostoot Fares Hezam , Vivek Hamse Kameshwar , Khanum Shaukath Ara 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A new derivatives of isonicotinohydrazide 9 (a-e) and 10(a-e) were designed, synthesized, characterized based on the different spectroscopic analysis FT-IR, -1H, -13C-NMR, mass spectra, and also elemental-analyses, and identified as a remarkable anti-inflammatory along with analgesic effect. In-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions were performed using analgesic acetic acid-induced squirming and Hot plate latency tests using male Swiss albino mice. The study was supported by the in-silico and ADMET approaches. Among the series, compound (10e) showed the highest IC50 value for COX-1 inhibition, whereas compounds (9e) and (10e) exhibited the highest COX-2 SI. Further, in silico studies provide a putative bind site for the potent compound in a three-dimensional geometrical view. The results revealed that the title compound (10e) with bromo group exhibited potent COX-2 inhibitor at different times which is on par with the normal drug used in the assay system. Substitution of halogens at N’(2-phenoxyacetyl)nicotinohyrazide showed (10e) potent analgesic outcome on acetic acid-induced squirming response and thermal pain among the series 9(a-e) and 10(a-e). The overall pharmacological result suggests that the newly synthesized compounds possess good anti-inflammatory along with analgesic-activity which was evaluated through in-vitro, in-vivo, and --silico studies.
Maternal and Newborn Health for the Urban Poor: The Need for a New Mental Model and Implementation Strategies to Accelerate Progress
Authors: McNab Shanon , Scudder Elaine , Syed Uzma , Freedman Lynn 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Urbanization challenges the assumptions that have traditionally influenced maternal and newborn health (MNH) programs. This landscaping outlines the ways in which current mental models for MNH programs have fallen short for urban slum populations, and identifies implications for the global community. We employed a three-pronged approach, including a literature review, key informant interviews with global- and national-level experts, and a case study in Bangladesh. Main Body: Our findings highlight that the current mental model for MNH is inadequate to address the needs of the urban poor. Implementation challenges have arisen from using traditional methods that are not well adapted to traits typically inherent of slum settings. A re-thinking of implementation strategies will also need to consider a paucity of available routine data, lack of formal coordination between stakeholders and providers, and challenging municipal government structures. Innovative approaches, including with communications, outreach, and technology, will be necessary to move beyond traditional rural-centric approaches to MNH. As populations continue to urbanize, common slum dynamics will challenge conventional strategies for health service delivery. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed weaknesses in a system that requires intersectoral collaborations to deliver quality care. Conclusion: To meet the MNH needs of the urban poor, programs will need to be iterative and adaptive, reflective of sociodemographic features. Integrating the social determinants of health into evaluations, using participatory human-centered design processes, and innovative public-private partnerships may prove beneficial in slum settings. But a willingness to rethink the roles of all actors within the delivery system overall may be needed most.
Elevated Myocardial VCAM1 Expression is Associated with Higher Risk of Dilated Cardiomyopathy or Ischemic Heart Disease-caused Heart Failure and Higher Immune Infiltration in Failing Myocardium
Authors: Wang Tongyu , Tian Jiahu , Jin Yuanzhe 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are the two most common etiologies of heart failure (HF). Both forms share common characteristics including ventricle dilation in the final stage. Immune mechanisms in HF are increasingly highlighted and have been implicated in the pathogeneses of IHD and DCM. A better understanding of adhesion molecule expression and correlated immune cell infiltration could enhance disease detection and improve therapeutic targets. Objective. This study was performed to explore the common mechanisms underlying IHD and DCM.Methods. After searching the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we selected the GSE42955 and GS57338 datasets for analysis, which contain 29 and 313 samples, respectively. Results. The screening stage revealed that vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) play pivotal roles in regulating DEGs. Subsequent analyses revealed that VCAM1 was differentially expressed in the myocardium and involved in regulating immune cell infiltration. We also found that dysregulated VCAM1 expression was associated with a higher risk of HF by constructing a clinical risk-predicting model. Conclusions. Collectively, our results suggest that VCAM-1 could be used as a biomarker or therapy target for HF.
The Impact of Vertical Off-Centring, Tube Voltage and Phantom Size on CT Numbers: An Experimental Study
Authors: Al-Hayek Yazan , Spuur Kelly , Davidson Rob , Hayre Christopher , Zheng Xiaoming 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives: This pilot experimental study explores the effect of vertical off-centring on CT numbers in combination with various tube voltages and phantom sizes.Methods: A CIRS Model 062 Electron Density and Combined Head and Body phantom underwent imaging using a Siemens Emotion 16-slice CT and GEMINI GXL scanners. Uniformity was evaluated as a function of vertical off-centring (20, 40, 60, and 80 mm above the gantry iso-centre) using different phantom sizes and tube voltage for ROI positions across the X and Y axis of each phantom. CT number change was assessed by comparing the measured values between anterior (upper) versus posterior (lower) ROIs.Results: The results showed that vertical off-centring and phantom size could account for 92% of the recorded variance and resultant CT number change. The uniformity test recorded a maximum change of 27.2 and 14 HU for peripheral ROIs at 80 mm phantom shift above the gantry iso-centre using the GEMINI GXL and Siemens scanners, respectively. The absolute CT number differences between anterior and posterior ROIs were 13.7 for the 30 cm phantom and 4.8 for the 20 cm phantom at 80 mm vertical off-centring. The most remarkable differences were observed at lower tube voltages.Conclusions: It is essential to highlight the significance of optimal patient centring for CT examinations and the consequences of CT numbers variation on clinical decision making. Phantom off-centring and ROI location have been demonstrated to affect CT number uniformity in this pilot experimental study. This was more evident at peripheral phantom areas, lower tube voltages and larger phantom size.
Addressing Industrial Waste Heat Supply Variability With Organic Rankine Cycle Systems Incorporating Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Saha Bipul Krishna , Chakraborty Basab , Dutta Rohan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Industrial low-grade waste heat is lost, wasted and deposited in the atmosphere and is not put to any practical use. Different technologies are available to enable waste heat recovery, which can enhance system energy efficiency and reduce total energy consumption. Power plants are energy-intensive plants with low-grade waste heat. In the case of such plants, recovery of low-grade waste heat is gaining considerable interest. However, in such plants, power generation often varies based on market demand. Such variations may adversely influence any recovery system's performance and the economy, including the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). ORC technologies coupled with Cryogenic Energy Storage (CES) may be used for power generation by utilizing the waste heat from such power plants. The heat of compression in a CES may be stored in thermal energy storage systems and utilized in ORC or Regenerative ORC (RORC) for power generation during the system's discharge cycle. This may compensate for the variation of the waste heat from the power plant, and thereby, the ORC system may always work under-designed capacity. This paper presents the thermo-economic analysis of such an ORC system. In the analysis, a steady-state simulation of the ORC system has been developed in a commercial process simulator after validating the results with experimental data for a typical coke-oven plant. Forty-nine different working fluids were evaluated for power generation parameters, first law efficiencies, purchase equipment cost, and fixed investment payback period to identify the best working fluid.
Morphological, Physiological, Biochemical, and Transcriptome Studies Reveal The Importance of Different Component Traits During Salinity Stress in Prunus
Authors: Acharya Biswa R. , Sandhu Devinder , Dueñas Christian , Dueñas Marco , Pudussery Manju , Kaundal Amita , Ferreira Jorge F.S. , Suarez Donald L. , Skaggs Todd H. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The almond crop has high economic importance on a global scale but its sensitivity to salinity stress can cause severe yield losses. Salt-tolerant rootstocks are vital for crop economic feasibility under saline conditions. Two commercial rootstocks submitted to salinity, and evaluated through different parameters, had contrasting results with the survival rates of 90.6% for ‘Rootpac 40’ (tolerant) and 38.9% for ‘Nemaguard’ (sensitive) under salinity (Electrical conductivity of water = 3 dS m− 1). Under salinity, ‘Rootpac 40’ accumulated less Na and Cl and more K in leaves than ‘Nemaguard’. Increased proline accumulation in ‘Nemaguard’ under salinity was an indicator of the high-stress levels compared to ‘Rootpac 40’. RNA-Seq analysis revealed a higher degree of differential gene expression was controlled by genotype rather than by treatment. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) provided insight into the regulation of salinity tolerance in Prunus. DEGs associated with stress signaling pathways and transporters may play essential roles for salinity tolerance in Prunus. Some additional vital players involved in salinity stress in Prunus include CBL10, AKT1, KUP8, Prupe.3G053200 (chloride channel), and Prupe.7G202700 (mechanosensitive ion channel). Genetic components involved in salinity stress identified in this study may be explored to develop new rootstocks suitable for salinity-affected regions.
A Free Fatty Acid Receptor Agonist Inducing Autophagy in HT-29 Cells by Downregulating The AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Fibrin Gel Matrices
Authors: Hoveizi Elham , Rafienia Behnoosh , Shahriari Ali 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective

GW9508, a free fatty acid receptor agonist acts in a G-coupled Protein Receptor 40 (GPR40)-dependent pathway. Here, we investigated the induction of stress oxidative and autophagy by GW9508 in the human colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29) and the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptotic in HT-29 cells.
Methods

HT-29 was treated with GW9508 at a concentrations range of 50–500 µM in fibrin gel. Cell viability was investigated using an MTT assay. Induction of autophagy and apoptosis was assessed through Western blotting for associated proteins, acridine orange staining, MDC staining, qRT-PCR, and electron microscopy. Also, we estimated the molecular interactions between GW9805 and some markers through molecular docking.
Results

GW9508 inhibited HT-29 cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and resulted in autophagy. The induced autophagy in cells was confirmed by the observation of autophagosomes, the presence of autophagy markers, including beclin-1, LC3, AMPK, and lack expression of mTOR and AKT. Moreover, GW9508 treatment significantly increased the expression of catalase and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cells.
Discussion

Our results indicated that GW9508 could induce autophagy by inhibiting the Akt/mTOR in HT-29. Hence, GW9508 is suggested as a novel anti-cancer reagent.
Ultrathin Dual-band Metamaterial Absorber
Authors: Liu Huan , Wang Rui , Wang Junyao , Lang Tianhong , Cui Bowen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an ultrathin dual-band metamaterial absorber (MMA) is designed. Its top layer consists of two nested split-ring resonators. The calculation result demonstrates that there are two distinct absorption peaks, which are 9.258GHz and 21.336GHz, with absorption rate of 99.78% and 96.91%. It also show polarization-insensitive for normal incident and its thickness is only 1.96% of the wavelength of its lowest absorption frequency. Moreover, we explore the MMA’s absorption mechanism and analyze the influence of main structural parameters on the MMA’s absorption characteristics. The proposed MMA has simple structure and high absorption, it can be applied in electromagnetic stealth, bolometers, sensor and other fields.
Integrated Analysis of lncRNA-associated ceRNA Network Identifies Prognostic lncRNAs in Bladder Cancer Based on Whole Transcriptome Sequencing and TCGA Database
Authors: Xiao Shiwei , Zuo Yigang , Huang Yinglong , Li Yanan , Yuan Dongbo , Ding Mingxia , Wang Haifeng , Wang Jiansong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBladder cancer (BC) is a serious urinary tract malignancy with high incidences and deaths. Here, we aim to explore the OS-related lncRNAs and mRNAs, and constructed a reliable predicting model for accurately predict BC prognosis. Methods3 matched BC tumor samples and adjacent normal samples were processed by whole transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs (DE-lncRNAs and DE-mRNAs) were identified with the thresholds |log2 (FC) |>2 and p value <0.05 using DEGseq2 R package. Meantime, 408 BC samples and 19 normal samples were downloaded from TCGA database. And DE-lncRNAs and DE-mRNAs were screened with thresholds |log2(FC) |>0.5 and p value<0.05. The DE-lncRNAs and DE-mRNAs were overlapped between RNA-sequencing data and TCGA data. Then, overall survival (OS)-related DE-lncRNAs and DE-mRNAs were screened and a prognostic gene signature and risk model were constructed using Univariate Cox and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Risk score was calculated based on prognostic gene signature. The independent risk factors were identified with incorporation into clinical risk factors using Univariate Cox and stepwise multiple regression analysis. A predicting model was constructed based on independent factors, and calibrated using Time-dependent ROC curves. Finally, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between high-risk and low-risk groups were identified with thresholds |log2(FC) |>0.5 and p value<0.05. And the biofunction was determined by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). ResultsA total 2210 DE-lncTNAs and 2334 DE-mRNAs were identified based on whole transcriptome sequencing. And a total 3724 DE-lncRNAs and 2689 DE-mRNAs were identified based on TCGA database. Then, 137 DE-lncRNAs and 278 DE-mRNAs were screened by overlapping RNA sequencing data and TCGA data. A total 13 gene signature were identified to be closely related with OS in BC. Moreover, these 13-OS-related gene signature were identified as independent risk factors with clinical risk factors. Then, a nomogram was constructed and confirmed as the calibration and accuracy predicating model for OS in BC. Finally, a total 739 DEGs were identified between high-risk and low-risk groups, most of DEGs enriched in immune-related pathways. And an OS-related ceRNA network was selected based on 13-OS-related signature. Conclusion﻿Our finding provided novel OS-related prognostic signature and reliable predicting model for BC patients, which might facilitate individualized treatment and prognostic evaluation.
miR-495-3p Depresses Cell Proliferation and Migration By Down-Regulating HMGB1 in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jieling Zhang , Kai Li , Huifen Zheng , Yiping Zhu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs play an important role in the genesis and progression of tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC), which has a high morbidity and mortality rate. In this research, the role of miR-495-3p and HMGB1 in CRC was investigated.Methods: We performed qRT-PCR to detect the expression of miR-495-3p in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines. Functional experiments such as CCK-8 assay, EDU assay, Transwell assay and apoptosis assay were conducted to explore the effects of miR-495-3p on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro. Then, the use of database prediction, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and functional experiments verified the role of miR-495-3p target gene HMGB1 in CRC. Finally, rescue experiments was performed to investigate whether overexpression of HMGB1 could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-495-3p on CRC cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro.Results: miR-495-3p was down-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines, and could inhibit the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells, and promote cell apoptosis. The database prediction and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that HMGB1 was the downstream target gene of miR-495-3p. We finally demonstrated that miR-495-3p inhibited CRC cell proliferation by targeting HMGB1 in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion: Our research shows that miR-495-3p inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer by down-regulating the expression of HMGB1, which indicates that miR-495-3p may become a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.