bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To study the effect of fentanyl and tramadol as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block
Authors: Khanday Shoiab Bashir , Shah Areeba Noor , Khanday Naseer Bashir , Khanday Asma Bashir 
Published: October 2021

Brachial plexus block is used in our clinical practice as an alternative to general anaesthesia for upper limb surgeries. Peripheral administration of an opioid agonist can theoretically inhibit the propagation of action potentials or the release of excitatory transmitters in primary afferent fibres, but contrasting results have been reported in the clinical setting. To compare the time of onset of supraclavicular block between the two groups. To compare duration and quality of analgesia between the two groups. Time to achieve complete block between the two groups. Frequency of rescue analgesia doses required in the two groups. To assess any side effects. Seventy patients of either sex aged 20-60 years, belonging to ASA physical status I or II undergoing upper-arm surgery were recruited for this study. The patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups of 35 patients each. Patients were given 0.5% Ropivacaine 30ml + tramadol 50mg [1ml]. Patients were given 0.5% Ropivacaine 30ml + fentanyl 50mcg [1ml].Mean onset of motor block in Group RT was 11.3 minutes while as it was 15.4 minutes in Group RF. Mean onset of sensory block in Group RT was 10.6 minutes while as it was 11.1 minutes in Group RF. Mean interoperative VAS score of Group RT and Group RF at 5 minute was 5.09 and 6.14, at 10 minutes it was 2.49 and 4.06 in both the study groups. Mean duration of analgesia in hours in Group RT was 14.7 and in Group RF it was 8.6. Rescue analgesia of two doses was needed in 19 patients in Group RT, while as 3 doses were needed in 24 (68%) patients in Group RF. When postoperative complications were compared in two study groups it was observed that nausea was seen in 5 (14.3%) patients in Group RT and 2 (5.7%) patients in RF. Vomiting was seen in 3 (8.6%) patients in Group RT and 1 (2.9%) patients in Group RF, respectively.In conclusion, tramadol when used as adjuvant with local anaesthetic in peripheral nerve block provides better surgical anaesthesia and analgesia. Therefore, its use should be promoted for routine addition to local anaesthetics in peripheral nerve blocks.
Anaesthesia management of pregnant patient with uncorrected middle aortic syndrome (MAS) for caesarean section
Authors: Chodankar Ninad , Kharwadkar Madhuri 
Published: October 2021

Middle aortic syndrome is a rare congenital disease which involves segmental or diffuse narrowing of the abdominal and/or distal descending thoracic aorta. It may remain largely undetected in childhood and can present itself as gestational hypertension during pregnancy. Upper extremity hypertension is difficult to control during pregnancy. Excessive blood pressure lowering may result in hypotension distal to the obstruction and uterine hypoperfusion.It offers considerable challenge to Anaesthesiologist regarding choice of anaesthesia – Regional verses General Anaesthesia. Both having its own advantages and disadvantages in such patient.We describe a 29 years, primigravida with Middle aortic syndrome, diagnosed during first trimester. Patient was admitted with severe hypertension in upper extremity at 39 weeks. Caesarean delivery was carried out under General Anaesthesia. During perioperative period, Intravenous Nitroglycerine and Labetalol were used to maintain hemodynamic stability. Patient was shifted to ICU on ventilator. She had uneventful course in ICU and recovery was good.Pregnant Patient with uncorrected Middle aortic syndrome for Caesarean Section require suitable anaesthesia technique along with good blood pressure management leading to early recovery and reduction in complications.
Neutral zone technique: An aid of the prosthodontist- A case series
Authors: Rajdey Soumya , Parashar Harsh , Rani Sapna , Poduval Soorya 
Published: October 2021

The area where the outward forces from the tongue and the inward forces from the lips and cheeks are nullified during the functional movements is referred to as the neutral zone. Therefore, the incorporation of neutral cone technique serves as an alternative approach in the fabrication of lower complete dentures specifically in ridges which are highly atrophic. The technique aims to construct a denture that is shaped by muscle function and is in harmony with the surrounding oral structures. It is rarely used because of the extra clinical step involved and some clinicians may find the detection of neutral zone difficult. This article describes a technique for improving the stability of mandibular complete denture for patients who have a resorbed mandibular residual ridge.This neutral zone impression technique is a useful technique when providing mandibular complete denture. It’s use can overcome some of the denture stability difficulties caused in some patients with a more powerful oral musculature, or in patients who have poor or altered neuromuscular control.
Therapeutic Effect of Camel Milk in Children with Autism: Its Impact on Serum Levels of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
Authors: Mostafa Gehan Ahmed , Bjørklund Geir , Ayadhi Laila Al- 
Published: October 2021

Background: Camel milk (CAM) regulates the inflammatory process, apoptotic pathways and oxidative stress. Thus, it is a therapeutic possibility for many autoimmune disorders, including autism. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is an anti-inflammatory peptide that facilitates the immune regulatory functions by recruiting regulatory T cells to induce immune tolerance and prevent the occurrence of autoimmunity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CAM consumption on both serum VIP levels and the severity of autism assessed by measuring the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS).
Mehods: Sixty-five autistic children, aged between 3-12 years, were studied. Forty-seven patients received 500 mL of CAM (either raw "24 patients" or boiled "23 patients") in their regular daily diet for two weeks. Eighteen patients received 500 mL of cow milk for two weeks. For all patients, CARS and serum VIP levels were assessed before and after milk consumption.
Results: Although there was a decrease in CARS scores in patients who received raw CAM, this decrease was non-significant (P=0.070). Serum VIP levels were increased in patients who consumed CAM, either raw (P=0.076) or boiled (P=0.065), but this increase was non-significant.
Conclusions: CAM consumption for 2 weeks neither significantly decreased the severity of autism nor increased serum anti-inflammatory VIP levels. The lack of a significant response to CAM in this study may be attributable to the short duration of CAM consumption. Further studies are required to investigate the effect of CAM consumption for a longer duration on serum VIP levels and the severity of autism.
PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP MANAJEMEN GURU BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Yekti Endah Pambudi  , Siti Nur Khofifah Amini  
Published: October 2021

Kepala Sekolah mempunyai peran yang penting di dalam Sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pentingnya peran Kepala Sekolah terhadap Manajemen Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling di masa pandemi. Jenis penelitian menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sumber data menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. analisis data yaitu data reduction, data display, dan conclusion drawing/verification. Hasil penelitian ini Kepala Sekolah sesuai perannya memonitoring kinerja Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling serta membantu keterlaksanaan layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling dengan baik dengan cara menyediakan fasilitas yang mempermudah Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling baik berupa finansial ataupun media serta siswa dipermudah dengan pemberian kuota internet agar bisa mendapat layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling dengan baik.
Sequential Stratigraphy of Outcropping Strata Equivalent to Arab-D Reservoir, Wadi Nisah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Meyer Franz O. , Price Rex C. , Al-Ghamdi Ibrahim A. , Al-Goba Ibrahim M. , Al-Raimi Saleh M. , Cole John C. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Two outcrops in Wadi Nisah of Central Saudi Arabia expose sedimentary successions of the Jubaila and Arab formations which are stratigraphic equivalents of the Arab-D reservoir in Ghawar field. These carbonate exposures consist of lithofacies and stacking patterns similar to the succession found in Arab-D reservoir. Nineteen vertical sedimentary cycles were identified by collectively evaluating disconformable relationships, textural characteristics, and lithofacies assemblages. These, in turn, define 3 depositional cycle types: (1) stromatoporoid, (2) skeletal bank, and (3) thinning-upward.
The lateral distribution of lithofacies within the stromatoporoid cycle shows that stromatoporoid grainstones form organic buildups flanked by burrowed mud-dominated carbonates. Stromatoporoid banks locally exhibit thickness increases of about 3 meters (10 feet) over a horizontal distance of 500 meters (1, 700 feet). Conversely, the five foot-thick skeletal grainstone capping the skeletal bank cycle forms a continuous sheet exceeding 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) in width. Thinly bedded carbonate sand units within the thinning-upward cycle exhibit pronounced lateral discontinuity. Beds pinch out against topographic highs formed by stromatoporoid buildups over distances of less than a hundred meters (328 feet).
Results of the outcrop stratigraphic analysis enable visualization of lateral and vertical stratigraphic relationships and potential fluid-flow pathways. This study demonstrates that outcropping cycles and their lithofacies components have several important implications for ongoing subsurface reservoir characterization and modeling of the Arab-D. Firstly, cycle definition identifies stratigraphic units whose bounding surfaces describe envelopes that constrain the interwell distribution of lithofacies. Secondly, the lithofacies define geometries for the interwell distribution of petrophysical characteristics. Thirdly, the understanding of lateral relationships of these carbonates aids in reservoir simulation modeling.
Remote Monitoring Systems for Patients With Chronic Diseases in Primary Health Care: Systematic Review
Authors: Peyroteo Mariana , Ferreira Inês Augusto , Elvas Luís Brito , Ferreira João Carlos , Lapão Luís Velez 
Published: October 2021

Background
The digital age, with digital sensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), and big data tools, has opened new opportunities for improving the delivery of health care services, with remote monitoring systems playing a crucial role and improving access to patients. The versatility of these systems has been demonstrated during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Health remote monitoring systems (HRMS) present various advantages such as the reduction in patient load at hospitals and health centers. Patients that would most benefit from HRMS are those with chronic diseases, older adults, and patients that experience less severe symptoms recovering from SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.

Objective
This paper aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature of HRMS in primary health care (PHC) settings, identifying the current status of the digitalization of health processes, remote data acquisition, and interactions between health care personnel and patients.

Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines to identify articles that explored interventions with HRMS in patients with chronic diseases in the PHC setting.

Results
The literature review yielded 123 publications, 18 of which met the predefined inclusion criteria. The selected articles highlighted that sensors and wearables are already being used in multiple scenarios related to chronic disease management at the PHC level. The studies focused mostly on patients with diabetes (9/26, 35%) and cardiovascular diseases (7/26, 27%). During the evaluation of the implementation of these interventions, the major difficulty that stood out was the integration of information into already existing systems in the PHC infrastructure and in changing working processes of PHC professionals (83%).

Conclusions
The PHC context integrates multidisciplinary teams and patients with often complex, chronic pathologies. Despite the theoretical framework, objective identification of problems, and involvement of stakeholders in the design and implementation processes, these interventions mostly fail to scale up. Despite the inherent limitations of conducting a systematic literature review, the small number of studies in the PHC context is a relevant limitation. This study aimed to demonstrate the importance of matching technological development to the working PHC processes in interventions regarding the use of sensors and wearables for remote monitoring as a source of information for chronic disease management, so that information with clinical value is not lost along the way.
In Search of State and Trait Emotion Markers in Mobile-Sensed Language: Field Study
Authors: Carlier Chiara , Niemeijer Koen , Mestdagh Merijn , Bauwens Michael , Vanbrabant Peter , Geurts Luc , van Waterschoot Toon , Kuppens Peter 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundEmotions and mood are important for overall well-being. Therefore, the search for continuous, effortless emotion prediction methods is an important field of study. Mobile sensing provides a promising tool and can capture one of the most telling signs of emotion: language.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to examine the separate and combined predictive value of mobile-sensed language data sources for detecting both momentary emotional experience as well as global individual differences in emotional traits and depression.MethodsIn a 2-week experience sampling method study, we collected self-reported emotion ratings and voice recordings 10 times a day, continuous keyboard activity, and trait depression severity. We correlated state and trait emotions and depression and language, distinguishing between speech content (spoken words), speech form (voice acoustics), writing content (written words), and writing form (typing dynamics). We also investigated how well these features predicted state and trait emotions using cross-validation to select features and a hold-out set for validation.ResultsOverall, the reported emotions and mobile-sensed language demonstrated weak correlations. The most significant correlations were found between speech content and state emotions and between speech form and state emotions, ranging up to 0.25. Speech content provided the best predictions for state emotions. None of the trait emotion–language correlations remained significant after correction. Among the emotions studied, valence and happiness displayed the most significant correlations and the highest predictive performance.ConclusionsAlthough using mobile-sensed language as an emotion marker shows some promise, correlations and predictive R2 values are low.
Anoftalmia en Dendropsophus luddeckei (Anura: Hylidae) en un agroecosistema pastoril de Villa de Leyva, Colombia
Authors: Cortés Suárez Javier Ernesto 
Published: October 2021

En esta nota reporto un caso de malformación ocular conocida como anoftalmia (ojo ausente) en la rana arborícola de sabana Dendropsophus luddeckei en un agroecosistema pastoril en el municipio de Villa de Leyva, departamento de Boyacá, Colombia.
Sauroleishmania, PROTOZOARIOS ASOCIADOS CON REPTILES: DISTRIBUCIÓN, VECTORES Y HOSPEDEROS
Authors: Lozano Sardaneta Yokomi Nisei , Colunga Salas Pablo , Sánchez Pineda Laura , Sánchez Montes Sokani , Ochoa Ochoa Leticia , Becker Fauser Ingeborg 
Published: October 2021

Los reptiles frecuentemente pueden estar infectados por diversos parásitos, como protozoarios del género Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae), que es agente causal de una enfermedad transmitida por vector conocida como leishmaniasis, la cual afecta a más de 12 millones de personas a nivel mundial. Este género agrupa aproximadamente 53 especies, de las cuales 21 están estrechamente relacionadas con reptiles, las cuales son clasificadas dentro del subgénero Sauroleishmania. Estas especies son transmitidas por flebotominos del género Sergentomyia, las cuales parasitan al menos 36 especies de reptiles de las familias: Lacertidae, Iguanidae, Agamidae, Gekkonidae, Chamaeleonidae, Phyllodactylidae y Teiidae.
Las especies de Sauroleishmania, están restringidas al Viejo Mundo, sin embargo, su estudio resulta de gran relevancia ya que al no ser patógenas de humanos sirven como modelo para el estudio molecular y bioquímico de especies patógenas, ya que de esa forma se pueden predecir patrones de transmisión y conocer la epidemiología, con la finalidad de desarrollar estrategias de control vectorial más eficaces. En América existe evidencia histórica de la presencia de algunas especies de este subgénero, y ya que algunas especies de hospederos del protozoario fueron introducidas al continente, además de que existe la presencia de flebotominos que tienen preferencias alimenticias hacia reptiles es importante seguir explorando si existen otras especies de vectores y reptiles que desempeñen un papel importante en la transmisión de la leishmaniasis en América.
Evaluation of GGMs Based on the Terrestrial Gravity Disturbance and Moho Depth in Afar, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Eyasu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
To estimate Moho depth, geoid, gravity anomaly, and other geopotential functionals, gravity data is needed. But, gravity survey was not collected in equal distribution in Ethiopia, as the data forming part of the survey were mainly collected on accessible roads. To determine accurate Moho depth using Global Gravity Models (GGMs) for the study area, evaluation of GGMs is needed based on the available terrestrial gravity data. Moho depth lies between 28 km and 32 km in Afar. Gravity disturbances (GDs) were calculated for the terrestrial gravity data and the recent GGMs for the study area. The model-based GDs were compared with the corresponding GD obtained from the terrestrial gravity data and their differences in terms of statistical comparison parameters for determining the best fit GGM at a local scale in Afar. The largest standard deviation (SD) (36.10 mGal) and root mean square error (RMSE) (39.00 mGal) for residual GD and the lowest correlation with the terrestrial gravity (0.61 mGal) were obtained by the satellite-only model (GO_CONS_GCF_2_DIR_R6). The next largest SD (21.27 mGal) and RMSE (25.65 mGal) for residual GD were obtained by the combined gravity model (XGM2019e_2159), which indicates that it is not the best fit model for the study area as compared with the other two GGMs. In general, the result showed that the combined models are more useful tools for modeling the gravity field in Afar than the satellite-only GGMs. But, the study clearly revealed that for the study area, the best model in comparison with the others is the EGM2008, while the second best model is the EIGEN6C4.
First Results of Time Series Analysis of the Permanent GNSS Observations at Polish EPN Stations Using GipsyX Software
Authors: Łyszkowicz Adam , Pelc-Mieczkowska Renata , Bernatowicz Anna , Savchuk Stepan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of this work is to explore, for the first time in Poland, the possibility of determining Earth’s crust movements from permanent observations at selected permanent stations using the GipsyX software for a period of 8 years (2011–2018) in the ITRF2014 reference frame. The data used in this work are from 15 Aktywna Sieć Geodezyjna (ASG)-EUPOS stations from 2011 to 2018, which are also European Permanent Network (EPN) stations. The stations Borowa Góra, Borowiec, Józefosław, Lamkówko, and Wroclaw are also International Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Service (IGS) stations. Daily data, rinex files, for these stations have been made available for this work by the Main Office of Surveying and Cartography. The calculations were made using the GipsyX software in the ITRF14 reference frame. The tests performed have shown that daily solutions from 8-year-long time series give secular trends with an accuracy of 0.01 mm/yr. Our results suggest that there are small differences in horizontal and vertical velocities and in the accuracy estimated between our and EPN solutions. At some stations, for example, Łódź, the differences are much larger. The impact of additional GNSS observations on the accuracy of determination of horizontal and vertical movements of the Earth’s crust shows a submillimeter accuracy in computed coordinates of stations even at a relatively small time interval. It means that multi-GNSS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) processing can be used in the future for the estimation of geodynamic processes.
CSR&COVID19 – How do they work together? Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility transformation during a pandemic crisis. Towards smart development
Authors: Lopata Ewelina , Rogatka Krzysztof 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, enterprises that are looking to achieve market success and maximise profits must not only offer good products or provide superior quality services, but also pay close attention to the environment in which they operate. One of the manifestations of concern for the broadly understood environment (society, environment) is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). For a good number of years, we have been observing changes in CSR trends, but the situation today demands that organisations update the existing lines of action and meet a whole new level of challenges. This article aims to present the results of case studies of company activities in CSR, as well as a social perception of CSR activities. It also seeks to draw attention to the transformation of ideas during the socio-economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic. In order to reach the objective of the study, we used the Computer Assisted (Aided) Web Interviews (CAWI) method. This choice was dictated by the pandemic situation in the country. The research shows that there is a noticeable transformation of the focus of socially responsible activities from a global to a local approach centred around smart development. The study also concludes that the society expects that activities under this approach will be continued in the future. The outcomes also indicate that the pandemic situation has necessitated the introduction of entirely new solutions (among others, remote working) that were not previously perceived as feasible but now have a chance to develop further.