bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus survey; a bibliometric analysis from 2012-2019.
Authors: Owolabi Akinyomade , Folorunsho Joshua Opeyemi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Coronaviruses have emerged from animal reservoirs over the past decades to create severe illness and death. They are the SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and more recently, the SARS-CoV2. This study is focused at assessing the characteristics of published works involving SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV at global level; using bibliometric analysis.Methods: Peer-reviewed publications were retrieved from the Scopus database between 2012 and 2019. Data were analyzed in terms of the year, journal and number of publications, international collaboration patterns, research institutes, impact factor, h-index and number of times cited. Visual presentation and analysis of the data were performed using RStudio, Tableau and Microsoft Excel.Results: A total of 1707 research publications were published across the world between 2012 and 2019 with the highest and lowest number of publications in 2016 (288) and 2012 (87). USA had 249 articles, followed by South Korea (186) and Saudi Arabia (111). The total number of citations achieved was 39,094 with Journal of Virology (133) had the highest number of published articles, followed by Emerging Infectious Disease (85) and PLOS One (60).Conclusion: This research showed the international diversity of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV research with 106 countries. It is also not surprising that United States leads in the number of publications, authors and citations because of its global power and economic strength; this can also be said with the other top countries. Saudi Arabia was among the top rank because of the origination of the MERS-CoV in the middle east.
Biochemical influence of amphidromous shrimps on stream ecosystems in Japan
Authors: Uno Hiromi , Fukushima Keitaro , Kawamura Mariko , Kurasawa Akira , Sato Takuya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Not only through species interactions but also through excretion of nutrients, consumers can have profound effects on the ecosystem structure. While many studies in lentic ecosystems address both effects in combination, little is known about their linkages in lotic ecosystems. By a combination of field manipulative experiment, excretion measurements of consumes, and field surveys, we evaluated biochemical effects of amphidromous shrimps on stream ecosystems. The field manipulative experiment showed that the presence of shrimp suppressed the total aquatic insect biomass by 9% but increased the total benthic macroinvertebrate biomass including the shrimps by 196%. The biomass-specific NH4+ excretion rate by shrimp was similar to aquatic insects, and the calculated mean NH4+ excretion by benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage was 144% higher in the presence of shrimps. On the other hand, shrimps excreted much less PO43− than aquatic insects, and the PO43− excretion by the benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage did not change by the presence of shrimps. The field survey showed a positive correlation between NO3− concentration in stream water and shrimp density, suggesting that the excess NH4+ was nitrified and raised NO3− concentration. In contrast, PO43− concentration in stream water was negatively associated with the shrimp density, indicating that the dominance of shrimps that excrete little PO43− decreased the PO43− concentration. While nutrient concentration of stream water is often attributed to the condition of the watershed area, the results of this study indicate downstream connectivity to the ocean can also influence the nutrient dynamics of the stream through the density of amphidromous shrimps.
Structural basis for the strict exclusion of proline from the N-glycosylation sequon
Authors: Kohda Daisuke , Taguchi Yuya , Yamasaki Takahiro , Ishikawa Marie , Kawasaki Yuki , Yukimura Ryuji , Mitani Maki , Hirata Kunio 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) catalyzes oligosaccharide transfer to the Asn residue in the N-glycosylation sequon, Asn-X-Ser/Thr, where Pro is strictly excluded at position X. Considering the unique structural properties of proline, this exclusion may not be surprising, but the structural basis for the rejection of Pro residues should be explained explicitly. The crystal structure of an archaeal OST in a complex with a sequon-containing peptide and dolichol-phosphate was determined to a 2.7 Å resolution. The sequon part in the peptide forms two inter-chain hydrogen bonds with a conserved amino acid motif, TIXE. We confirmed the essential role of the TIXE motif and the adjacent regions by extensive alanine-scanning of the external loop 5. A Ramachandran plot revealed that the ring structure of the Pro side chain is incompatible with the φ backbone dihedral angle around -150° in the rigid sequon-TIXE structure.
Effect of turbulence intensity of fluid medium interface layer on magnetic liquid seal in liquid environment
Authors: Li Wangxu , Li Zhenggui , Cheng Jie , Xu Lianchen , Li Xinrui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In a liquid environment, the instability of the interface layer of the rotating fluid medium is one of the main causes for the failure of magnetic liquid seals. The turbulence intensity of the interfacial layer between the magnetic and the sealing medium fluids in magnetic liquid seals directly affects the layer stability. Reducing the maximum turbulence intensity is an effective way to improve the stability of the magnetic fluid rotating seal. In this study, we simulated magnetic fluid sealing devices with different structures in liquid environments using FLUENT software. The simulation results are verified through experimental analyses and the turbulence intensity at the sealing interface is analyzed. We simulated the magnetic circuit using Maxwell software, and compared the difference between the optimized and traditional structures. The results show that the maximum turbulence intensity of the liquid interface layer increases with the increasing shaft speed. At the same speed, the turbulence intensity is maximized at the shaft interface before gradually decreasing in a multistage linear pattern along the radial direction. The turbulence intensity at the interface of the spindle is relatively large, which seriously affects the stability of the interface. Based on these results, the optimized structure (OS) of the magnetic liquid seal in the liquid environment is designed. The maximum turbulence intensity of the liquid interface layer in the OS is more than 20% lower than that in the traditional structure (TS), and it is independent of the rotation speed. The optimized and the traditional structures have the same magnetic induction intensity distribution at the sealing clearance. The maximum magnetic induction intensity of the OS is 6.25% higher than that of the traditional one. These results provide a reference for designing magnetic liquid sealing devices.
Study on Emission Factors of FCC Flue Gas Pollutants in Petroleum Refineries
Authors: Luan Hui , Wu Cong , Xiu Guangli , Ju Feng , Ling Hao , Pan Helin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Fluid Catalytic cracking (FCC) unit is one of the means to lighten heavy oil in refineries, and its regenerated flue gas is also the main source of air pollutants from refinery. However, it is not clear about the type and amount of pollutants discharged from FCC units. The emissions of regenerated pollutants in the stack flue gases of three typical FCC units in China were investigated in this study, including a partial regeneration unit without a CO boiler (U1), a partial regeneration unit with a CO boiler (U2) and a full regeneration unit (U3). Different monitoring methods were used to analyze the concentration of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), and the results showed that Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) monitoring results of SO2 and NOx are approximately 10 times and 5 times larger than that of the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) data, respectively. Also, the contents of characteristic pollutants such as NH3, C6H6, HCN, C8H8, C2H4, CH4 and CO were also monitored by FTIR, and the emission factors based on coke burn-off rate and throughput were investigated. The pollutants in U1 exhibited relatively higher contents with the NH3, HCN and C6H6 of 116.99, 71.94 and 56.41 mg/Nm3 in flue gas, respectively. The emission of regenerated pollutants in U2 and U3 are significantly different from U1. Regeneration processes (including coke properties, operating modes and presence or absence of CO boilers) affected pollutants emission factors in varying degree. At last, reasonable emission factors based on the different FCC regeneration processes contributes to the prediction, assessment and control for the pollutants emission.
Decoding Activation of ILC2 using Time-Dependent Cell-State Selection
Authors: Tanaka Yumiko , Yamagishi Mai , Motomura Yasutaka , Kamatani Takashi , Oguchi Yusuke , Suzuki Nobutake , Kiniwa Tsuyoshi , Kabata Hiroki , Tsunoda Tatsuhiko , Miya Fuyuki , Goda Keisuke , Ohara Osamu , Fukunaga Koichi , Moro Kazuyo , Uemura Sotaro , Shirasaki Yoshitaka 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cell fate determination, a fundamental process of life, is controlled through dynamic intracellular molecular networks. However, the low population of cells at the switching period of fate determination has made it technically difficult to analyze the transcriptome of the stage. Here we developed the Time-Dependent Cell-State Selection (TDCSS) technique, which detects an index of the switching period by live-cell imaging of secretion activity followed by simultaneous recoveries of the indexed cells for subsequent transcriptome analysis. Specifically, we used the TDCSS technique to study the switching period of group2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) activation indexed by interleukin (IL)-13 secretion onset. TDCSS newly classified time-dependent genes, including transiently induced genes (TIGs). The finding of IL4 and MIR155HG as TIGs demonstrated their regulatory function of ILC2s activation.
Effect of combined renin angiotensin aldosterone inhibitors and diuretic treatment among patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Infection COVID-19
Authors: Palazzuoli Alberto , Tecson Kristen M. , Vicenzi Marco , D’Ascenzo Fabrizio , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria , Monticone Silvia , Secco Gioel G , Tavazzi Guido , Forleo Giovanni , Severino Paolo , Fedele Francesco , De Rosa Francesco , McCullough Peter A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Antecedent use of renin angiotensin aldosterone inhibitors (RAASi) appears crucial to prevent clinical deterioration and protect against cardiovascular and/or thrombotic complications of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), for indicated patients. Doubts have been raised about continuing treatment throughout infection, and nothing is known regarding its effect with concomitant medications. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the differential effect of RAASi continuation in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 according to diuretic use.Methods: We used the Coracle (epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and therapy in real life patients affected by Sars-Cov-2) multi-center registry, which contains data of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from 4 regions of Italy. We performed analyses on adult (50+ years) records with admission on/after February 22, 2020 with a known mortality or discharge status as of April 1, 2020. We constructed a multivariable Firth logistic regression model to complete our objective.Results: There were 286 patients in this analysis. Overall, 100 (35.0%) patients continued RAASi and 186 (65%) discontinued. There were 98 patients who were treated with a diuretic; 51 (52%) of those continued RAASi. The in-hospital mortality rates among patients treated with a diuretic and continued vs. discontinued RAASi were 7.8% vs 25.5% (p = 0.0179). There were 188 patients who were not treated with a diuretic; 49 (26.1%) of those continued RAASi. The in-hospital mortality rates among patients who were not treated with a diuretic and continued vs. discontinued RAASi were 16.3% vs 9.4% (p = 0.1827). After accounting for age, congestive heart failure, and coronary heart disease/ischemic heart disease, continuing RAASi decreased the risk of mortality by approximately 72% (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.08 – 0.94, p = 0.0391) for patients treated with diuretics, but did not alter the risk in patients who were not treated with diuretics.Conclusion: Diuretic use in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who were on RAASi prior to admission was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality. Whether this combined therapy increases risk or is the reflection of a more severe presentation deserves further investigation. Continuing RAASi therapy in patients concomitantly treated with diuretics was associated with reduced in-hospital mortality.
Molecular characterization of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis in central Ethiopia
Authors: Teegegne Desiye Tesfaye , Mamo Gezahegne , Waktole Hika , Messele Yohannes Equar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most important pathogen involved in bovine mastitis in dairy production. S. aureus produces a spectrum of extracellular protein toxins and virulence factors which are thought to contribute to the pathogenicity of the organism. The aim of this work was to isolate and molecular characterize S. aureus associated with bovine subclinical mastitis in central part of Ethiopia.Methods: A total of 265 lactating dairy cows from various dairy farms in four different geographical locations were screened by California mastitis test (CMT) for bovine subclinical mastitis. One-hundred thirty CMT positive milk samples were collected and transported to laboratory. Different biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for the identification of S. aureus isolates. Finally, PCR was performed for molecular detection of virulence genes. Results: From total of 265 lactating dairy cows screened, 49% (n=130) were positive for bovine subclinical mastitis. One-hundred thirty mastitic milk samples were subjected to bacterial culturing, one hundred (76%) S. aureus isolates were identified based on phenotypic characters. Sixty-eight confirmed S. aureus isolates were obtained using PCR. The confirmed S. aureus isolates were tested for six virulence genes (tsst-1, hlb, eta, sea, clfA and icaD) using PCR. Of the six virulence genes screened from all the isolates, only two (clfA and eta) were detected in the isolates. Out of 68 isolates, 25% and 22% were possessed the eta and clfA genes, respectively. Conclusion: Presence of Staphylococcus aureus having virulence genes (eta and clfA) revealed that mastitis is a major concern nowadays affecting animal health, milk quality, and yield. Further genomic study of these isolates will provide broad new insights on virulence.
Design and characterization of novel zirconium-based amorphous alloys containing scandium for biomedical application
Authors: Cui Hai-Po , Zhang Wei-Dong , Song Cheng-Li 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this work, (Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5)100−xScx (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) amorphous alloys were fabricated through steel die casting. The effects of scandium on the properties of zirconium-based amorphous alloys have been studied. The results show that the glass-forming ability of amorphous alloys increases at first and then decreases with the increase of Sc content. The highest glass-forming ability is obtained when the atomic fraction of Sc is 0.5%, which enables the production of 2-mm-thick amorphous alloy ingots. Meanwhile, the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the alloy are optimised with the atomic fraction of Sc of 1.0%. In addition, by adding an appropriate amount of Sc, the corrosion resistance of Zr–Cu–Al–Ni alloys is enhanced, particularly in the acid solution. The lowest average corrosion rate for samples in acid solution is obtained with the alloy containing atomic fraction of Sc of 1.0%. Therefore, results of this study indicate that the Zr-based amorphous alloy containing scandium has the potential for manufacturing fracture internal fixation or surgical devices.
Impact of Excessive Weight Loss on Cardiovascular Risk After Two Years of Bariatric Surgery
Authors: PEDRON FLAVIANA FREITAS , Alvarez Glauco da Costa , Patias Luciana Dapieve , Machado Ana Cristina de Assunção , de Lima Lidiany Oliveira , de Moura Deise Silva , Calcing Aline , de Moraes Cristina Machado Bragança 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Overweightness is related to a high incidence of dyslipidemia, being considered a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.Objective: Analysis of the effect of weight loss in reducing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.Methods: A retrospective study with patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass involving accessing the database of an Obesity Surgery Clinic from March 2018 to March 2019. Male and female patients, aged 18 and over, who underwent bariatric surgery from March 2014 to March 2016 were analyzed. The following data were obtained from the medical records of patients: body weight, height, age, sex, glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) after 24 months of surgery.Results: In total, 351 patients were studied, 80.9% of whom were female. There was a reduction in weight and in the concentrations of all biochemical parameters, except HDLc, along with a decrease in the frequency of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk 24 months after surgery. When comparing variations between 6 and 12 months, only group 1 reduced Hb1Ac and decreased CVR. There was a significant reduction in the level of glucose in group 1 (p = 0.036) at T4 (18 months) and T5 (24 months).Conclusion: The positive impact determined by bariatric surgery on weight loss was shown to be effective in improving the dyslipidemic profile, reducing morbidities associated with obesity and, consequently, reducing CVR after 24 months.
Trends in clinical practice and its effect on relapse among patients with severe mental disorders in Ethiopia: a retrospective chart review
Authors: Fanta Tolesa , Hagos Kibrom Haile , Hamda Edao Fejo , Haile Eliyas , Ejigu Alem Kebede , Nassir Zebiba , Yaya Getinet Ayano 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Studies have suggested that developing good trends in clinical practices in adherence to the recommended processes and guidelines for basic care have been associated with good health outcomes. However, no previous studies have explored trends in psychiatric practices and their impact on relapse among patients with severe mental disorders. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 401 patients with severe psychiatric disorders selected by systematic random sampling technique. Trends in clinical practice were assessed by a tool adapted from published evidence based on advice from well-known experts in psychiatric practice. A univariable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between psychiatric practices and relapse. Results This study provided evidence of a significant deficit in adherence to the recommended practices of basic care. The vast majority of professionals were not following the appropriate psychiatry history-taking format at first contact (73.6%), not documented the reasons for drug discontinuation (88.5%), did not follow the correct guideline of shifting across psychrotrophic medications (86.8%), and did not put their name or signature on the chart (61.8%). In multivariable analysis, not following psychiatric history taking format at first contact 1.63 (1.04, 2.56)], the diagnosis of bipolar disorders [4.85 (2.01, 8.36)], drug discontinuation after a short duration of treatment [1.21 (1.02, 2.42)], poor documentation of patient data during follow up [3.10 (2.35, 4.43)], absence of name and signature of treating physician on the chart [7.58 (2.64, 21.79)], and failing to treat medication side effect [2.55 (1.02, 6.39)] were found to significant predictors of relapse among the participants. Conclusions The findings provided evidence of notably higher rates of deficits in adherence to the existing guideline of basic psychiatric care, which resulted in a higher risk of relapse among patients with severe psychiatric disorders.
Pineapple stem-derived bromelain based priming improves pepper seed protein reserve mobilization and germination
Authors: Pérez Lianny , Acosta Yanier , Nápoles Lelurlys , Carvajal Carol , Linares Claudia , Sershen Sershen , Feijoo Jose Carlos Lorenzo , Pérez Aurora 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Pepper fruit has a great agronomic, nutritional and commercial value given that it is rich in antioxidant compounds such as carotenes, and vitamins C and E. However, pepper seeds are slow to germinate and emergence is often non-uniform and incomplete. Seed priming and invigoration treatments have been explored for a number of pepper varieties but success has been variable and generally limited. The present report describes the effects of pineapple stem – derived protease (stem bromelain) based priming on pepper seed germination in relation to reserve mobilization (specifically, proteins and aminoacids). Germination capacity in bromelain treated seeds was significantly higher on days 7, 14 and 21 than in unsoaked (control) and deionized water-soaked seeds but comparable across the treatments and the control on day 28. Germination rate was significantly highest in bromelain treated seeds. Light microscopy revealed an abundance of protein bodies in the endosperm of the seeds investigated at before imbibition and when observed over a period of 96 h, these bodies were progressively degraded, with the rate of this degradation being fastest in bromelain treated seeds. Quantitative measurements of protein levels (and free amino content) confirmed this observation. The results motivate the use of bromelain extracts for priming pepper seeds based on their proteolytic activity, since germination is dependent on the availability of crude protein and essential amino acids.