bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-210-3p is transcriptionally upregulated by hypoxia induction and thus promoting EMT and chemoresistance in glioma cells
Authors: Liu Hong , Chen Changjin , Zeng Jinhao , Zhao Ziyi , Hu Qiongying 
Published: July 2021

Background
Glioma is the most common and lethal form of brain cancer. It is highly malignant and is often characterized by chemoresistance and radioresistance, which are thought to mainly result from hypoxic microenvironments. Various tumour-promoting and tumour-suppressing microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in gliomas; however, it is still largely unknown how miRNAs are modified by hypoxia and subsequently affect glioma. In this study, we examined the expression of miR-210-3p, a well-characterized miRNA that responds to hypoxia in glioma cell lines.

Methods
The expressions of miR-9 and miR-210-3p were analysed by using qPCR. Cell viability was measured by performing CCK-8 after eechinomycin treatment or introduction of miR-210 for 24 or 48 h. The correlation of HIF-1α expression with TGF-β were analysed using the REMBRANDT database. The biomarkers of EMT, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin, were detected by western blot. Apoptotic cell death was measured by performing Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining followed by flow cytometry.

Results
We found that miR-210-3p was induced by a mechanism dependent on the hypoxia-induced transcriptional activity of HIF-1α. Then we established a positive association between the HIF-1α and TGF-β expression levels, and miR-210-3p upregulation induced TGF-β expression, indicating that hypoxia-induced HIF-1α activity upregulated TGF-β via miR-210-3p upregulation. Hypoxia-induced miR-210-3p activity was found to promote EMT by upregulating TGF-β, which subsequently enhanced the invasive ability in U87-MG cells. We further confirmed that miR-210-3p induced chemoresistance to TMZ in U87-MG cells via TGF-β upregulation under hypoxic conditions.

Conclusion
These results help to reveal the potential regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia-induced miR-210-3p expression that affect malignant behaviors and chemoresistance via TGF-β upregulation in glioma cells.
Expert consensus on the important chronic non-specific neck pain motor control and segmental exercise and dosage variables: An international e-Delphi study
Authors: Price Jonathan , Rushton Alison , Tyros Vasileios , Heneghan Nicola R. 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundChronic non-specific neck pain is highly prevalent, resulting in significant disability. Despite exercise being a mainstay treatment, guidance on optimal exercise and dosage variables is lacking. Combining submaximal effort deep cervical muscles exercise (motor control) and superficial cervical muscles exercise (segmental) reduces chronic non-specific neck pain, but evaluation of optimal exercise and dosage variables is prevented by clinical heterogeneity.ObjectiveTo gain consensus on important motor control and segmental exercise and dosage variables for chronic non-specific neck pain.MethodsAn international 3-round e-Delphi study, was conducted with experts in neck pain management (academic and clinical). In round 1, exercise and dosage variables were obtained from expert opinion and clinical trial data, then analysed thematically (two independent researchers) to develop themes and statements. In rounds 2 and 3, participants rated their agreement with statements (1–5 Likert scale). Statement consensus was evaluated using progressively increaseda prioricriteria using descriptive statistics.ResultsThirty-seven experts participated (10 countries). Twenty-nine responded to round 1 (79%), 26 round 2 (70%) and 24 round 3 (65%). Round 1 generated 79 statements outlining the interacting components of exercise prescription. Following rounds 2 and 3, consensus was achieved for 46 important components of exercise and dosage prescription across 5 themes (clinical reasoning, dosage variables, exercise variables, evaluation criteria and progression) and 2 subthemes (progression criteria and progression variables). Excellent agreement and qualitative data supports exercise prescription complexity and the need for individualised, acceptable, and feasible exercise. Only 37% of important exercise components were generated from clinical trial data. Agreement was highest (88%-96%) for 3 dosage variables: intensity of effort, frequency, and repetitions.ConclusionMultiple exercise and dosage variables are important, resulting in complex and individualised exercise prescription not found in clinical trials. Future research should use these important variables to prescribe an evidence-informed approach to exercise.
Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and immunomodulatory treatment in children with symptoms corresponding to the research condition PANS (Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome): A systematic review
Authors: Johnson Mats , Ehlers Stephan , Fernell Elisabeth , Hajjari Parisa , Wartenberg Constanze , Wallerstedt Susanna M. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo assess effects of treatment against a hypothesized neuroinflammation in children with symptoms corresponding to the research condition Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) which is not included in current diagnostic systems.MethodsSystematic literature searches were performed (1998 to June 2020) in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and HTA databases. Inclusion criteria: patients (P) were children (<18 years) with PANS; intervention (I)/comparison (C) was use of, versus no use of, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial or immunomodulating treatments; outcomes (O) were health-related quality of life (HRQL), level of functioning, symptom change, and complications.ResultsFour randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and three non-RCTs, including 23 to 98 patients, fulfilled the PICO. HRQL was not investigated in any study. Regarding level of functioning, two RCTs investigated antibiotics (penicillin V, azithromycin) and one RCT investigated immunomodulating treatments (intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), plasma exchange). Regarding symptoms, two non-RCTs investigated anti-inflammatory treatment (cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, corticosteroids), two RCTs and one non-RCT investigated antibiotics (penicillin V, azithromycin), and two RCTs investigated immunomodulating treatments (IVIG, plasma exchange). Complications, reported in five studies, were consistent with those listed in the summary of products characteristics (SPC). All studies were assessed to have some or major problems regarding directness, the absence of an established diagnosis contributing to clinical diversity in the studied populations. All studies were assessed to have major risk of bias, including selection and detection biases. Due to clinical and methodological diversity, meta-analyses were not performed.ConclusionThis systematic review reveals very low certainty of evidence of beneficial effects, and moderate certainty of evidence of adverse effects, of anti-inflammatory, antibacterial or immunomodulating treatments in patients with symptoms corresponding to the research condition PANS. Available evidence neither supports nor excludes potential beneficial effects, but supports that such treatment can result in adverse effects.RegistrationPROSPERO (CRD42020155714).
Anti-HCV antibody titer highly predicts HCV viremia in patients with hepatitis B virus dual-infection
Authors: Liu Hung-Yin , Lin Yi-Hung , Lin Pei-Ju , Tsai Pei-Chien , Liu Shu-Fen , Huang Ying-Chou , Tsai Jia-Jiun , Huang Ching-I , Yeh Ming-Lun , Liang Po-Cheng , Lin Zu-Yau , Dai Chia-Yen , Huang Jee-Fu , Chuang Wan-Long , Huang Chung-Feng , Yu Ming-Lung 
Published: July 2021

Background/Aims
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is diagnosed by the presence of antibody to HCV and/or HCV RNA. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of anti-HCV titer (S/CO ratio) in predicting HCV viremia in patients with or without hepatitis B virus (HBV) dual infection.

Methods
Anti-HCV seropositive patients who were treatment-naïve consecutively enrolled. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected using a commercially chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. HCV RNA was detected by real-time PCR method.

Results
A total of 1321 including1196 mono-infected and 125 HBV dually infected patients were analyzed. The best cut-off value of anti-HCV titer in predicting HCV viremia was 9.95 (AUROC 0.99, P<0.0001). Of the entire cohort, the anti-HCV cut-off value of 10 provided the best accuracy, 96.8%, with the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.3%, 98.9%, 99.7% and 87.3% respectively. The best cut-off value of anti-HCV titer in predicting HCV viremia was 9.95 (AUROC 0.99, P<0.0001) and 9.36 (AUROC 1.00, P<0.0001) in patients with HCV mono-infection and HBV dual-infection respectively. Among the HBV dually infected patients, the accuracy of anti-HCV titer in predicting HCV viremia reached up to 100% with the cut-off value of 9. All the patients were HCV-viremic if their anti-HCV titer was greater than 9 (PPV 100%). On the other hand, all the patients were HCV non-viremic if their anti-HCV titer was less than 9 (NPV 100%).

Conclusions
Anti-HCV titer strongly predicted HCV viremia. This excellent performance could be generalized to either HCV mono-infected or HBV dually infected patients.
Symptomatic pelvic floor disorders and its associated factors in South-Central Ethiopia
Authors: Beketie Eskedar Demissie , Tafese Wubishet Tesfaye , Assefa Zebene Mekonnen , Berriea Fantahun Walle , Tilahun Genet Asfaw , Shiferaw Bisrat Zeleke , Teke Natnael Eshetu 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionPelvic floor disorders (PFD) are gynecologic health problems containing a wide variety of clinical problems; the most prevalent problems are pelvic organ prolapse, fecal incontinence, and urinary incontinence. It is a significant women’s health problem for both developed and developing countries. One in five women in Ethiopia experiences at least one major type of pelvic floor disorders. Despite the severity of the problem, due attention was not given, and no study has been conducted on pelvic floor disorders in the Gurage Zone.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and associated factors of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders among women living in Gurage Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia, 2020.MethodologyCommunity-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2020 among 542 women residing in the Gurage Zone. A multi-stage sampling method was used to select the participants. Interviewer administered, pretested questionnaires containing questions related to pelvic organ prolapse, urinary, and fecal incontinence was used. The urinary incontinence severity index questionnaire was used to assess the severity of urinary incontinence. Epi-Info x7 was used to record data, and SPSS was used to analyze the data. Binary logistic regression with 95% CI was used to explore the relationship between PFD and other independent variables. After multivariable logistic regression analysis variables with P-value less than 0.05 was used to determine significant association.ResultA total of 542 participants were included in this study. Overall, 41.1% of the participants reported one or more symptoms of pelvic floor disorders. Urinary incontinence had the highest prevalence (32.8%), followed by pelvic organ prolapse (25.5%) and fecal incontinence (4.2%). History of weight lifting >10 Kg (AOR = 3.38; 95% CI: 1.99, 5.72), ≥5 vaginal delivery (AOR = 11.18; 95% CI: 1.53, 81.58), and being in menopause (AOR = 3.37; 95% CI: 1.40, 8.07) were identified as possible contributing factors in the development of a pelvic floor disorders.ConclusionThe prevalence of symptomatic PFD was higher compared to other similar studies in Ethiopia. Heavy weight lifting, repetitive vaginal deliveries and menopause were factors significantly associated with PFD. Expansion of technologies and building basic infrastructures, health education on kegel exercise and promotion of family planning should be considered as a prevention strategy.
A Potential Oncogenic Role for PFKFB3 Overexpression in Gastric Cancer Progression
Authors: Lei Lan , Hong Lian-Lian , Ling Zhe-Nan , Zhong Yi , Hu Xuan-Yu , Li Pei , Ling Zhi-Qiang 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVES:
PFKFB3 regulates glycolysis in tumor cells, might function as an oncogene, and is associated with cancer metastasis. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains largely unknown.

METHODS:
PFKFB3 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in GC tissues and paired paracancerous histological normal tissues (PCHNTs). The associations of PFKFB3 expression with clinical features and HIF-1α, Ki-67, E-cadherin, Snail, and Vimentin expression levels were assessed. A series of in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effects of PFKFB3 on the growth, migration, and invasion of GC cells.

RESULTS:
We found that PFKFB3 expression was significantly higher in GC tissues compared with PCHNTs (P = 0.000). PFKFB3 expression was positively correlated with tumor size (P = 0.000), differentiation (P = 0.025), venous invasion (P = 0.084), nerve invasion (P = 0.014), lymphatic invasion (P = 0.000), local invasion (P = 0.000), invasive depth (P = 0.000), nodal metastasis (P = 0.000), tumor-node-metastasis stage (P = 0.000), and patient survival (P = 0.000). Notably, PFKFB3 upregulation was highly correlated with increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GC samples. PFKFB3 overexpression positively modulated cell proliferation, migration, and EMT in GC cells in vitro, with concomitant activation of NF-κB signaling. Administration of an NF-κB inhibitor attenuated PFKFB3-induced EMT in GC cells. PFKFB3 overexpression promoted tumor development and EMT in nude mice, which were attenuated by PFK-15, a PFKFB3 inhibitor.

DISCUSSION:
PFKFB3 could potentiate malignancy in GC cells through NF-κB pathway–mediated EMT, suggesting PFKFB3 represents a potential target for GC therapy.
Safety of Endoscopy in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Kim Joon Sung , Jung Eunha , Kang Sun Hyung , Ji Jeong-Seon , Cho Yu Kyung , Lee Bo-In , Cho Young-Seok , Kim Byung-Wook , Choi Hwang , Jeong Hyun Yong , Choi Myung-Gyu , Park Jae Myung 
Published: July 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Endoscopic procedures can provoke peritonitis in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). The aim of this study was to assess the development of peritonitis after endoscopic procedures in PD patients.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed the data from PD patients who underwent endoscopies in 3 tertiary hospitals between 2008 and 2018. The patients were grouped into nonprophylactic, prophylactic, and prior antibiotic therapy groups. The incidence of peritonitis within 7 days of endoscopy was assessed. We also examined the factors associated with peritonitis.

RESULTS:
There were 1,316 endoscopies performed in 570 PD patients. The peritonitis rate after endoscopy was 3.0%. Specifically, the peritonitis rate was 1.8% for esophagogastroduodenoscopies, 4.2% for the colonoscopy group, and 5.3% for the sigmoidoscopy group. The prior antibiotic therapy group showed a significantly higher risk of peritonitis (odds ratio = 4.6; 95% confidence interval: 2.2–9.6; P < 0.01). Prophylactic antibiotics were not associated with reducing peritonitis. Therapeutic colonoscopies such as polypectomy were associated with an increased risk of developing peritonitis (odds ratio = 6.5; 95% confidence interval: 1.6–25.9). However, biopsies were not associated with an increased risk of peritonitis.

DISCUSSION:
Prophylactic antibiotics did not reduce the risk of peritonitis after endoscopy in PD patients. Therapeutic colonoscopies such as polypectomy and prior antibiotic therapy before endoscopy were associated with an increased risk of peritonitis.
TESTES COMPORTAMENTAIS EM ROEDORES PARA O ESTUDO DO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA
Authors: Viana Caroline de Oliveira , Felismino Maria Fernanda Mendes , Dutra Luana Letícia Alves , Bachur Tatiana Paschoalette Rodrigues , Aragão Gislei Frota 
Published: July 2021

O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento cujas alterações comportamentais podem ser investigadas por meio de modelos animais de TEA e pela realização de testes comportamentais para avaliação das alterações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre os modelos comportamentais animais que têm sido utilizados para o estudo do TEA e a correlação desses modelos com o comportamento humano no TEA. Para esta pesquisa bibliográfica, foi conduzida uma busca nas bases de dados Medline, Web of Science e Clinical Key, no período de junho a setembro de 2019, por artigos científicos na temática de estudo, sendo selecionados artigos publicados entre os anos de 2006 e 2019. No estudo experimental do TEA, são conduzidos testes comportamentais em animais considerando as características clínicas e manifestações do transtorno. Estes modelos experimentais são utilizados para a avaliação do potencial indutor de substâncias para o desenvolvimento do TEA, como para a avaliação de potenciais fármacos ou terapias não farmacológicas para o tratamento do transtorno. Os testes mais comumente utilizados são: teste de campo aberto, teste de enterramento de esferas de vidro, teste de interação social, teste do comportamento repetitivo de autolimpeza, teste do labirinto em cruz elevado, teste de habituação olfativa e odores sociais e teste claro-escuro. Reitera-se a importância desses testes em modelos in vivo de estudo do TEA, possibilitando uma maior compreensão das alterações comportamentais e um melhor entendimento desse transtorno.
SEGURANÇA DA RISPERIDONA EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA
Authors: Neves Kelly Rose Tavares , Albuquerque Isabelle Magalhães , Xavier Emanuel Lucas Pinheiro , Martins Sophia de Oliveira , Aragão Gislei Frota 
Published: July 2021

O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) é um distúrbio de desenvolvimento neurológico, apresentando comprometimentos de ordem sócio, comunicativa e comportamental. A risperidona é um medicamento antipsicótico que tem sido usado para alívio dos sintomas e melhoria comportamental do TEA, no entanto,vários efeitos adversos foram identificados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre os efeitos adversos da risperidona especificamente em indivíduos com TEA. Foram realizadas buscas abrangentes nas bases de dados MedLine, PsycInfo e Science Direct, utilizando os descritores: “Autism Spectrum Disorder”, “Risperidone” e “Drug Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions”. Por meio desta busca foram selecionados 29 artigos, publicados entre 2000 e 2019. Os resultados mostraram uma heterogeneidade de reações adversas, sendo as mais prevalentes: aumento de apetite e ganho de peso, sonolência, hiperprolactinemia, sintomas gastrointestinais, taquicardia e efeitos extrapiramidais. A maioria delas apresenta grau leve ou moderado e bem gerenciável. Entretanto, estudos mais recentes indicam que existem características do autismo que podem influenciar a resposta à risperidona e elevar o risco de surgimento de reações adversas, principalmente ligadas aos polimorfismos genéticos, ao compartilhamento de condições médicas concomitantes, às interações medicamentosas, entre outros. Dessa forma, considerando a complexidade do TEA e a vulnerabilidade de crianças e jovens autistas, esse medicamento deve ser usado com cautela nessa população, com prévia triagem, acompanhamento dos fatores de risco e monitoramento do uso, em especial quando for necessário uso prolongado.
CUIDADO FARMACÊUTICO: REVISÃO DA FARMACOTERAPIA DE USUÁRIOS DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Silva Samantha Mayara de Sousa , Silva Clarissa Oliveira Lima , De Farias Livia Beatriz Nunes , Silva Palloma de Araujo , Ferreira Helena Kelly Santos , Da Silva Bianca Pontes , Pessoa Yasmin Henrique , Arruda Larissa Santos , Portela Alyne da Silva , Dos Santos Romulo Moreira , De Farias Leal Adriana Amorim 
Published: July 2021

Os serviços farmacêuticos envolvem atividades clínico-assistenciais, sobretudo voltadas ao cuidado em saúde, devendo comprometer-se com o apoio direto ao usuário e com a obtenção de resultados em saúde, especialmente os relacionados à farmacoterapia. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do estudo foi revisar a farmacoterapia dos usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Foi realizado um estudo seccional, com abordagem quantitativa e descritiva dos dados. O estudo foi desenvolvido no período de setembro de 2018 a fevereiro de 2019, nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) do município de Campina Grande, PB, Brasil. As variáveis do estudo foram classificadas em demográficas e socioeconômicas, clínicas e relacionadas à farmacoterapia, as quais foram coletadas por meio de um questionário estruturado. Dos usuários observados, a média de idade foi de 50 anos. Na avaliação da farmacoterapia, as classes de medicamentos mais utilizadas foram dos anti-hipertensivos e hipoglicemiantes, devido ao perfil de morbidade relacionada às doenças crônicas. Houve uma frequência de 19,8% de ocorrência de interações medicamentosas entre os usuários, sendo algumas de intensidade grave, revelando insegurança da farmacoterapia, apesar da elevada adesão quando questionados sobre o uso. Apesar dessas limitações, a pesquisa apresentou contribuições importantes para o serviço e aos profissionais de saúde, como a integração do profissional farmacêutico às equipes de saúde da família na atenção básica, e a possibilidade de oferta do serviço de revisão da farmacoterapia aos usuários, observando as dimensões de necessidade, adesão, efetividade e segurança dos medicamentos em uso.
A Review of the Plastic Limit Test by Means of Rolling Paths
Authors: Barnes Graham E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The standard plastic limit test, based on Atterberg’s original manual thread rolling method, is a simple, quick, and inexpensive procedure that has received very little attention for improvement since its initial inception over a century ago even though it receives much criticism because of its poor reproducibility. An investigation into the shortcomings of the standard test by means of manual rolling path tests examines the relationships between the water content, diameter and condition of soil threads, and the distinct ductile–brittle transition that occurs at the plastic limit. The ASTM and International Standards are compared, highlighting significant differences in their procedures. Modifications of the standard method are recommended to provide coherent objectives for a consistent rolling procedure, compatible considerations of diameter, and a more precise and authentic assessment of the end criterion at the plastic limit.