bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ten-Year Mortality Trends and Natural Causes of Death in the Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Salih Shahla O. , Moramarco Stefania , Di Giovanni Daniele , Qadir Sivar A. , Alsilefanee Haveen H. , Basa Faiq B. , Gialloreti Leonardo Emberti 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Mortality and causes of death are among the most important statistics used in assessing the effectiveness of a country’s health system. Several countries do not have information systems for collecting these data, and they must therefore be estimated from surveys.

Objective:
This study analyzes mortality data retrieved from official government databases in Iraqi Kurdistan to describe ten-year trends in natural causes of death.

Methods:
Data for natural causes of death, reported from 2009 to 2018, were extracted from the databases of the Registration Bureau of Births and Deaths and of the Forensic Medicine of the Province of Sulaymaniyah. A sample of 16,433 causes of death was analyzed.

Results:
Causes of death were coded according to the ICD-10 classification. Overall, cardiovascular diseases were the leading cause of mortality (52.6%), followed by neoplasms (17.7%), infectious and parasitic diseases (8.9%), and genitourinary diseases (6.3%). Neonatal conditions, congenital anomalies, and neurological conditions each accounted for less than 1% each. Numbers of natural deaths by cause and cause-specific mortality rates have been estimated for the entire Region of Iraqi Kurdistan. Comparisons with other sources suggest that there is a substantial amount of underreporting, especially in relation to deaths of infants and under-five children.

Conclusion:
Our findings confirm that the region is facing a burden of non-communicable diseases, coupled with high proportions of infectious diseases. However, the lack of effective vital statistics with combined under-reported data collection highlights the need for implementation of health monitoring systems. Advancements in generating high-quality data are essential in improving health and reducing preventable deaths. The establishment of a novel Health Information System is discussed.
The Beliefs and Practices on Sexual Health and Sexual Transmitted Infection Prevention of Myanmar Migrant Workers in Thailand
Authors: Hounnaklang Nuchanad , Sarnkhaowkhom Chawapon , Bannatham Rattana 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Thailand is recognized as one of the countries in Southeast Asia that has attracted a large number of migrant workers from her neighboring counterparts. The issue of sexual transmitted infections among transnational migrant workers has caused grave concerns for Thai government, particularly the authority responsible for healthcare policy and planning.

Objective:
This study aimed to explain the sexual beliefs and practices on sexual health and sexual transmitted infections prevention of Myanmar migrant workers in Thailand.

Methods:
The qualitative research method was applied in this research. The data collection covered observation, field note takings, in-depth interviews, and secondary data derived from literature reviews of various sources. The participants consisted of 22 Myanmar migrant workers who could communicate in Thai and live in Thailand for at least one year. The data was analyzed by using the method of content analysis.

Results:
The findings of this study included two major themes and four subthemes as follows: 1. The meanings of sexual transmitted infections 2. The sexual health and sexual transmitted infections prevention: 2.1) Males and Females: equality to STI’s prevention2.2) Sexual Risk Behaviors: No prostitute services, No sexual risks 2.3) Condom usage: unaffordable and the symbol of promiscuous and untrustworthy and 2.4) Abortion: unavoidable solutions to unwanted pregnancy.

Conclusion:
The findings provided an understanding of sexual beliefs and practices on sexual health and sexually transmitted infections prevention among Myanmar migrant workers that can be applied to the policy making as a foundation data including to inform and propose to the concerned society, healthcare organizations, healthcare providers and nurses, in particular.
Public Health Experts have the Highest Impact on Citizens’ Compliance with COVID-19 Prevention Recommendations
Authors: Tahirbegolli Bernard , Tahirbegolli Iliriana A. , Paice Leonora , Muçaj Sefedin , Hoxha Adnan , Vehid Suphi 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
In this study, we investigated the sources of information that have had the highest impact on Kosovans’ compliance with preventive measures against COVID-19.

Methods:
We recruited 744 participants, aged 18-35, to participate in this cross-sectional survey between 27th April and 5th May 2020, utilising an online questionnaire.

Results:
Our findings show that public health experts had the greatest influence in persuading citizens to obey the recommendations, with 63.2% (470) compliance, followed by family members, with 18% (134), and health workers, with 10.2% (76).

Conclusion:
Our study has shown that public health experts have had the greatest impact on Kosovo citizens, persuading them to follow recommendations designed to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
Development and Validation of Unplanned Extubation Prediction Models Using Intensive Care Unit Data: Retrospective, Comparative, Machine Learning Study
Authors: Hur Sujeong , Min Ji Young , Yoo Junsang , Kim Kyunga , Chung Chi Ryang , Dykes Patricia C , Cha Won Chul 
Published: July 2021

Background
Patient safety in the intensive care unit (ICU) is one of the most critical issues, and unplanned extubation (UE) is considered the most adverse event for patient safety. Prevention and early detection of such an event is an essential but difficult component of quality care.

Objective
This study aimed to develop and validate prediction models for UE in ICU patients using machine learning.

Methods
This study was conducted in an academic tertiary hospital in Seoul, Republic of Korea. The hospital had approximately 2000 inpatient beds and 120 ICU beds. As of January 2019, the hospital had approximately 9000 outpatients on a daily basis. The number of annual ICU admissions was approximately 10,000. We conducted a retrospective study between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018. A total of 6914 extubation cases were included. We developed a UE prediction model using machine learning algorithms, which included random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector machine (SVM). For evaluating the model’s performance, we used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1 score were also determined for each model. For performance evaluation, we also used a calibration curve, the Brier score, and the integrated calibration index (ICI) to compare different models. The potential clinical usefulness of the best model at the best threshold was assessed through a net benefit approach using a decision curve.

Results
Among the 6914 extubation cases, 248 underwent UE. In the UE group, there were more males than females, higher use of physical restraints, and fewer surgeries. The incidence of UE was higher during the night shift as compared to the planned extubation group. The rate of reintubation within 24 hours and hospital mortality were higher in the UE group. The UE prediction algorithm was developed, and the AUROC for RF was 0.787, for LR was 0.762, for ANN was 0.763, and for SVM was 0.740.

Conclusions
We successfully developed and validated machine learning–based prediction models to predict UE in ICU patients using electronic health record data. The best AUROC was 0.787 and the sensitivity was 0.949, which was obtained using the RF algorithm. The RF model was well-calibrated, and the Brier score and ICI were 0.129 and 0.048, respectively. The proposed prediction model uses widely available variables to limit the additional workload on the clinician. Further, this evaluation suggests that the model holds potential for clinical usefulness.
The Impact of Gamification-Induced Users' Feelings on the Continued Use of mHealth Apps: A Structural Equation Model With the Self-Determination Theory Approach
Authors: Wang Tong , Fan Lingye , Zheng Xu , Wang Wei , Liang Jun , An Kai , Ju Mei , Lei Jianbo 
Published: July 2021

Background
Continued use of mHealth apps can achieve better effects in health management. Gamification is an important factor in promoting users’ intention to continue using mHealth apps. Past research has rarely explored the factors underlying the continued use of mobile health (mHealth) apps and gamification’s impact mechanism or path on continued use.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the factors influencing mHealth app users’ intention to continue using mHealth apps and the impact mechanism and path of users’ feelings induced by gamification on continued mHealth app use.

Methods
First, based on the expectation confirmation model of information system continuance, we built a theoretical model for continued use of mHealth apps based on users’ feelings toward gamification. We used self-determination theory to analyze gamification’s impact on user perceptions and set the resulting feelings (competence, autonomy, and relatedness) as constructs in the model. Second, we used the survey method to validate the research model, and we used partial least squares to analyze the data.

Results
A total of 2988 responses were collected from mHealth app users, and 307 responses were included in the structural equation model after passing the acceptance criteria. The intrinsic motivation for using mHealth apps is significantly affected by autonomy (β=.312; P<.001), competence (β=.346; P<.001), and relatedness (β=.165; P=.004) induced by gamification. The intrinsic motivation for using mHealth apps has a significant impact on satisfaction (β=.311, P<.001) and continuance intention (β=.142; P=.045); furthermore, satisfaction impacts continuance intention significantly (β=.415; P<.001). Confirmation has a significant impact on perceived usefulness (β=.859; P<.001) and satisfaction (β=.391; P<.001), and perceived usefulness has a significant impact on satisfaction (β=.269; P<.001) and continuance intention (β=.273; P=.001). The mediating effect analysis showed that in the impact path of the intrinsic motivation for using the mHealth apps on continuance intention, satisfaction plays a partial mediating role (β=.129; P<.001), with a variance accounted for of 0.466.

Conclusions
This study explored the impact path of users’ feelings induced by gamification on the intention of continued mHealth app use. We confirmed that perceived usefulness, confirmation, and satisfaction in the classical continued use theory for nonmedical information systems positively affect continuance intention. We also found that the path and mechanism of users' feelings regarding autonomy, competence, and relatedness generated during interactions with different gamification elements promote the continued use of mHealth apps.
A Tool to Assess the Trustworthiness of Evidence-Based Point-of-Care Information for Health Care Professionals (CAPOCI): Design and Validation Study
Authors: Lenaerts Gerlinde , Bekkering Geertruida E , Goossens Martine , De Coninck Leen , Delvaux Nicolas , Cordyn Sam , Adriaenssens Jef , Aertgeerts Bert , Vankrunkelsven Patrik 
Published: July 2021

Background
User-friendly information at the point of care for health care professionals should be well structured, rapidly accessible, comprehensive, and trustworthy. The reliability of information and the associated methodological process must be clear. There is no standard tool to evaluate the trustworthiness of such point-of-care (POC) information.

Objective
We aim to develop and validate a new tool for assessment of trustworthiness of evidence-based POC resources to enhance the quality of POC resources and facilitate evidence-based practice.

Methods
We designed the Critical Appraisal of Point-of-Care Information (CAPOCI) tool based on the criteria important for assessment of trustworthiness of POC information, reported in a previously published review. A group of health care professionals and methodologists (the authors of this paper) defined criteria for the CAPOCI tool in an iterative process of discussion and pilot testing until consensus was reached. In the next step, all criteria were subject to content validation with a Delphi study. We invited an international panel of 10 experts to rate their agreement with the relevance and wording of the criteria and to give feedback. Consensus was reached when 70% of the experts agreed. When no consensus was reached, we reformulated the criteria based on the experts’ comments for a next round of the Delphi study. This process was repeated until consensus was reached for each criterion. In a last step, the interrater reliability of the CAPOCI tool was calculated with a 2-tailed Kendall tau correlation coefficient to quantify the agreement between 2 users who piloted the CAPOCI tool on 5 POC resources. Two scoring systems were tested: a 3-point ordinal scale and a 7-point Likert scale.

Results
After validation, the CAPOCI tool was designed with 11 criteria that focused on methodological quality and author-related information. The criteria assess authorship, literature search, use of preappraised evidence, critical appraisal of evidence, expert opinions, peer review, timeliness and updating, conflict of interest, and commercial support. Interrater agreement showed substantial agreement between 2 users for scoring with the 3-point ordinal scale (τ=.621, P<.01) and scoring with the 7-point Likert scale (τ=.677, P<.01).

Conclusions
The CAPOCI tool may support validation teams in the assessment of trustworthiness of POC resources. It may also provide guidance for producers of POC resources.
Feasibility of an Interactive Health Coaching Mobile App to Prevent Malnutrition and Muscle Loss in Esophageal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Yang Kyungmi , Oh Dongryul , Noh Jae Myoung , Yoon Han Gyul , Sun Jong-Mu , Kim Hong Kwan , Zo Jae Ill , Shim Young Mog , Ko Hyunyoung , Lee Jungeun , Kim Youngin 
Published: July 2021

Background
Excessive muscle loss is an important prognostic factor in esophageal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT), as reported in our previous research.

Objective
In this pilot study, we prospectively tested the feasibility of a health coaching mobile app for preventing malnutrition and muscle loss in this patient population.

Methods
Between July 2019 and May 2020, we enrolled 38 male patients with esophageal cancer scheduled for NACRT. For 8 weeks from the start of radiotherapy (RT), the patients used Noom, a health coaching mobile app that interactively provided online advice about food intake, exercise, and weight changes. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) measured based on computed tomography and nutrition-related laboratory markers were assessed before and after RT. We evaluated the changes in the SMI, nutrition, and inflammatory factors between the patient group that used the mobile app (mHealth group) and our previous study cohort (usual care group). Additionally, we analyzed the factors associated with walk steps recorded in the app.

Results
Two patients dropped out of the study (no app usage; treatment changed to a definitive aim). The use (or activation) of the app was noted in approximately 70% (25/36) of the patients until the end of the trial. Compared to the 1:2 matched usual care group by propensity scores balanced with their age, primary tumor location, tumor stage, pre-RT BMI, and pre-RT SMI level, 30 operable patients showed less aggravation of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) (–6.7 vs –9.8; P=.04). However, there was no significant difference in the SMI change or the number of patients with excessive muscle loss (∆SMI/50 days >10%). In patients with excessive muscle loss, the walk steps significantly decreased in the last 4 weeks compared to those in the first 4 weeks. Age affected the absolute number of walk steps (P=.01), whereas pre-RT sarcopenia was related to the recovery of the reduced walk steps (P=.03).

Conclusions
For esophageal cancer patients receiving NACRT, a health care mobile app helped nutritional self-care with less decrease in the PNI, although it did not prevent excessive muscle loss. An individualized care model with proper exercise as well as nutritional support may be required to reduce muscle loss and malnutrition.
PERAN LPTP MELALUI PENDEKATAN AGAMA DAN MULTISEKTOR DALAM PENANGANAN PENURUNAN ANGKA STUNTING DI DESA PAGAREJO WONOSOBO
Authors: Subqi Imam , Hasan Saipullah , Riani Erin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract: There are 41.12% (29.0370) children experiencing a lack of nutritional intake in children in Wonosobo Regency, this has adversely affected the growth of both physical and non-physical for children due to breast milk intake and unhealthy environment. The purpose of this study was to find out how the role of the LPTP through the religious approach in handling the reduction of stunting rates, and how the role of the LPTP in assisting the reduction of stunting rates in the village of Pagarejo Wonosobo with qualitative research using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach. The results of this study indicate that (1) that the assistance provided by LPTP with a religious approach is based on the Al-Qur’an Al-Baqarah verse 233, that is, Allah has instructed a mother to breastfeed her child for up to two years. A father also has a responsibility to be able to provide for the family such as giving proper clothes to his children. (2) In creating conditions of social welfare and a good quality of life, it is necessary to create an environment that is supportive, responsive and empowers individuals and communities. Through the coordination carried out by the LPTP, the Village Government and Local Government to reduce stunting rates is one way to realize community welfare through the RPJM, RKP and APBDes.Keywords: LPTP; Religion; Stunting.Abstrak: Ada 41,12% (29,0370) anak mengalami kurangnya asupan gizi pada anak di Kabupaten Wonosobo, ini telah berdampak buruk bagi pertumbuhan baik fisik maupun non fisik bagi anak akibat asupan air susu ibu dan lingkungan yang kurang sehat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran LPTP melalui pendekatan Agama dalam penanganan penurunan angka stunting, dan bagaimana peran LPTP dalam pendampingan penanganan penurunan angka stunting di Desa Pagarejo Wonosobo dengan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR). Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukan bahwa (1) pendampingan yang dilakukan oleh LPTP dengan pendekatan agama di dasarkan pada Al-Qur’an Surat Al-Baqarah ayat 233, yakni Allah telah memperintahkan pada seorang ibu agar menyusui anaknya sampai dua tahun lamanya. Seorang ayah juga memiliki tanggung jawab untuk bisa memberikan nafkah bagi keluarga seperti memberi pakaian yang layak kepada anak-anaknya. (2) Dalam menciptakan kondisi kesejahteraan sosial dan kualitas hidup yang baik diperlukan penciptaan lingkungan yang mendukung, responsif dan memberdayakan individu dan masyarakat. Melalui koordinasi yang dilakukan oleh LPTP, Pemerintah Desa dan Pemerintah Daerah untuk mengurangi angka stunting adalah salah satu cara untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui RPJM, RKP dan APBDes.Kata Kunci: LPTP; Agama; Stunting.
Práctica pedagógica, dominio afectivo y procesos matemáticos de los docentes de matemáticas en el nivel de educación básica del sector publico.
Authors: Niño-Blanco Julio Andrés , Hernández-Suárez Cesar Augusto , Bonilla-González Marcia Yelitza 
Published: July 2021

El estudio de las prácticas pedagógicas ha permitido contribuir al mejoramiento de los docentes en el aula de clase teniendo en cuenta los lineamientos propuestos por el ministerio de educación. Sin embargo, la realidad es otra debido a que estas mejoras se han quedado en teorías y no han promovido un cambio significativo en la manera de actuar de los mismos. El presente artículo es el resultado de una investigación el cual tuvo como objetivo analizar las prácticas pedagógicas y dominio afectivo sobre la enseñanza de la matemática en docentes de educación básica, y en particular indagar sobre la presencia de los procesos matemáticos propuestos por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia. Con los participantes, quienes fueron docentes de área de matemáticas, se implementó una entrevista semiestructurada, instrumentos propios de un método cualitativo con enfoque hermenéutico. Para el análisis, el autor aplicó la técnica de codificación y uso del software Atlas-ti a fin de crear confiabilidad y validez en el mismo. Los resultados de los instrumentos fueron comparados con los lineamientos y estándares curriculares del área de matemáticas propuestos por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional. A partir de lo anterior, se concluyó que los docentes a pesar que emplean cierta documentación de la propuesta ministerial, necesita innovar sus prácticas pedagógicas teniendo en cuenta la propuesta curricular fundamentada en la propuesta ministerial.
Análisis espacio-temporal de incendios del norte y centro de Suramérica: 2009-2019
Authors: López Guevara Brigette 
Published: July 2021

Contextualización: la frecuencia, poder radiativo y tamaño de los incendios en el mundo se ha incrementado, generando graves impactos sociales, ambientales y económicos.
Vacío del conocimiento: A pesar de ello, se cuenta con una cantidad limitada de investigaciones frente a este problema, especialmente en el norte (NSA) y centro de Suramérica (CSA) que permitan crear políticas públicas con base en la ciencia y tecnología.
Propósito: así las cosas, el presente proyecto busco analizar espacial y temporalmente los incendios del norte y centro de Suramérica entre 2009 y 2019.
Metodología: se utilizó información del espectrorradiómetro de imágenes de media resolución (MODIS) a bordo de los satélites Aqua y Terra de la NASA. Los datos de incendios con una confianza mayor al 75% fueron seleccionados y procesados en lenguaje de programación R. Se identifico espacialmente aquellos incendios con el mayor poder radiativo [MW] (por encima del percentil 90). La distribución del conteo diario de incendios se analizó de forma mensual y anual.
Resultados y conclusiones: durante los primeros cuatro meses del año, el NSA es afectado por incendios de más de 3000 MW en la cuenca de la Orinoquia; mientras que el CSA es afectado en más de un 90% por incendios de más 8800 MW, principalmente durante agosto, septiembre y octubre.