bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Exploration of Semiotics in Film to Convey Moral Massage in Bintang Jatuh Short Fiction
Authors: Sugianto Felicia 
Published: January 2021

Andre Bazin once said in his book that human has a tendency to preserve a life in a form of statuary or in any kind of forms. The invention by Auguste and Lumiere of the moving picture is a point where moving picture is regarded as the perfect form of expression and representation of life, not only it captures the reality as a whole, but also gives the creator space to manipulate. Moving pictures grows and develops into cinema and not merely just a preservation of life, rather it is an expression of the reality in a form of art as new medium of communication.

The civilization that we live now is almost impossible to imagine without the contribution of the internet that created many platforms that allows us to share parts of our life. Big platforms like Instagram and YouTube creates a worldwide sensation such as 'influencer' in which a person who has the power to affects their audience mainly for marketing purpose. The level of the influence mostly determined by the numbers of the followers. In some cases, parents are tempted to share their children activity in social media to showcase their children. However, in some occasion children are unwillingly to share their private life. This action could lead to child exploitation even abusing the children for the sake of fame and fortune.

Bintang Jatuh is a short fiction that reflects the society's behavior towards social media more specifically the sensation created by influencers which is known as 'selebgram' in Indonesia. Besides, becoming an influencer does not have an age restriction, hence everyone can be an influencer. Child influencer, which sparks a lot of criticism on the style of parenting todays. Many accuse the parents of exploiting their own children by gaining profits from sharing their children's photo and video online. The case goes deeper than just sharing photos or videos, public questioning the effectiveness of parental control to protect their children's privacy online.
Analisis Kualitas Air Sumur Gali Ditinjau Dari Parameter Kimia (Cl Dan Fe) Di Kelurahan Mangempang Kecamatan Barru Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Amalia Andi Rizky , Ardianti  
Published: January 2021

Water is needed by living things especially as drinking water, but water also causes various health problems such as diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of dug well water in terms of chemical parameters (Cl and Fe) in Mangempang Village, Barru District, Barru Regency.
This type of research is survey research with a descriptive approach. The sample in this study was 12 dug well water in Mangempang Sub-District, Barru Sub-District, Barru District, and then conducted a laboratory examination.
The results showed that the quality of Cl chemical wells dug Cl in Mangempang Village Barru District Barru Regency of the 12 dug wells studied turned out to be 4 dug wells not meeting health requirements that are ≤ 600 mg / l. while the quality of the dug wells chemical parameters Fe in Mangempang Village Barru District Barru Regency of the 12 dug wells studied turned out to be 2 dug wells not meeting health requirements that are ≤ 1.0 mg / l.
Conclusions obtained in this study that the quality of dug well water based on chemical parameters Cl, 4 of the 12 dug wells examined did not meet health requirements and the dug well water quality based on chemical parameters Fe, 2 of the 12 dug wells examined did not meet health requirements. It is recommended for local health workers to be able to go down to inspect community dug wells.
Hubungan Obesitas Dengan Terjadinya Gangguan Pendengaran Sensorineural
Authors: Sibagariang Rahmi , Muhammad Edy Syahputra Nasution  , Siti Masliana Siregar  , Isra Thristy  
Published: January 2021

Obesity is an increase in total body fat, that is if found to be overweight > 20% in men and 25% in women due to fat. Increased obesity cannot beseparated from lifestyle, such as decreased physical activity. One complication that can be caused by obesity is hearing loss, especiallysensorineural hearing loss caused by microangiopathic abnormalities, especially in the inner ear. But the relationship of events between obesity withhearing loss is still often a debate, because there is no definite consensus. The purpose of this research determine the relationship of obesity with sensorineural hearing loss. This research is an analytic study by obtaining cross-sectional study, with data obtained from the assessment of bodyweight and height to see the status of the mass index, physical examination of the ear, and audiometric examination. Data analysis techniques using the chi square test statistics. Research result obtained relationship between obesity with sensorineural hearing loss as much as 49.09% and the highest degree of hearing loss is mild degrees as much as 27.07%. Research conclusions there is a significant relationship between obesity with sensorineural hearing loss.
Keyword: Hearing Loss, Obesity, Obesity with Hearing Loss, Pure Tone Audiometry, Sensorineural Hearing Loss,
Comparative Study between the Effect of Melatonin and Hyaluronic acid on Induced Bone Defect Healing in Rabbit
Authors: Rawaa Abdul-Jabbar Mahmood1 , Noor Abdulkareem Razouki  
Published: January 2021

This study was aimed to highlight the individual effects of melatonin (MEL) and hyaluronic acid (HA)
on bone healing and repair mechanism and to investigate a possible effect, for a topical application. New
Zealand rabbits used in this study were divided into three groups for two healing intervals the experimental
groups were: 1. Experimental groups (20 rabbits): all animals subjected to surgical operation in right tibia,
creating bone defect 3mm in depth and 4mm in diameter filled with 0.1ml. Hyaluronic acid gel and left
tibia bone defect filled with melatonin gel. 2. Control group (10 rabbits): induced bone defect on the right
side only. Animals’ scarifications were done in 2 weeks and 4 weeks’ durations. Routine processing and
sectioning technique was performed for histological evaluation. At the 2weeks healing interval, highest
mean value of all measured parameters were recorded at melatonin group while at 4 weeks, there is high
significant difference in all parameters; (p-value 0.000) among all control and experimental groups. A
significant number of positive effects of MEL, as well as HA, as individual compounds on the bone healing
regeneration.
Knowledge of Mother Regarding Children Vaccines
Authors: Faraj H. Johni  
Published: January 2021

Vaccines are important factors in the health system , and more benefit for the health and develops population,
the study was conducted among chidden with age between one month to three yeas old age for period 4
months from April to July 2018 , were data collection among mothers (N=300) attending primary health
care center in Al-Noor City – Baghdad , were 120(48%) at age (26-30) years old ,125 (41.6%) with primary
education .
Promosi Penjualan, Audit Manajemen, dan Peran Audit Program terhadap Penerimaan Kas Era Covid-19
Authors: Hertati Lesi 
Published: January 2021

Audit manajemen atas penerimaan kas tidak terlepas dari sistem akuntansi yang diterapkan dan dianut serta personil yang melaksanakan dan menaati prosedur atau kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan perusahaan agar dapat mencegah kemungkinan timbulnya kegiatan penyelewengan dan penggelapan yang dapat merugikan perusahaan. Pembagian kerja yang jelas dalam unit kerja yang baik dapat membantu manajemen memonitor segala aktivitas yang ada di perusahaan dan meminimalkan risiko teradinya kecurangan dan kerugian bagi perusahaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 150 swalayan yang tersebar di pulau Sumatera dan pulau jawa. Alat Uji yang digunakan adalah SEM PLS, metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa prediksi promosi penjualan, audit manajemen, peran audit program berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan kas Era Covid-19.
Evaluation de l’impact de l’utilisation du diammonium phosphate sur la disponibilité du zinc dans un sol rizicole au Mali
Authors: Diallo Adama , Traore Boubacar , Dambe Souleymane , Traore Sanata , Diarra Antoine Padou , Konare Hamidou , Traore Brahima B. , Plea Mama , Erickson Lars 
Published: January 2021

L’utilisation des fertilisants chimiques dans l’agriculture s’est fortement accentuée ce dernier temps au Mali. En effet l’apport régulier du diammonium phosphate (DAP) peut influencer la mobilité du zinc, car les phosphates fixent cet élément. L’étude a pour but d’évaluer l’impact de l’utilisation de ce fertilisant phosphaté sur la disponibilité du zinc. Ainsi pour la caractérisation, l’échantillon est analysé par plusieurs méthodes physico-chimiques : la diffraction des rayons X et la microscopie électronique à balayage. Des essais d’absorption ont été réalisés avec cinq pots numérotés (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4) contenant chacun 1 kg d’échantillon auxquels a été ajouté respectivement 0 ; 2 ; 4 ; 8 et 10 g du fertilisant. D’autres essais ont été conduits avec 3 g d’échantillons prélevés dans le pot P4, auxquels ont été appliqué respectivement 150 ppm, 300 ppm, 450 ppm et 600 ppm de zinc. Il ressort de ce travail que la quantité de Zn retenu est proportionnelle à celle du DAP et que la limite (rétention en 21 jours) = 499,9993 ppm > limite (rétention en 15 jours) = 499,9991 ppm > limite (rétention en 7 jours) = 499,9990 ppm > limite (rétention en 1 jour) = 499,9980 ppm. Cette étude a montré que le diammonium phosphate retient le zinc et influence donc sa biodisponibilité.Mots clés : Sol rizicole, Pana au Mali, rétention du zinc, impact de l’utilisation, Diammonium phosphate.
English Title: Estimate the impact of phosphate diammonium usage on the availability of zinc in a rice producing soil in Mali
The use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture has highly increased this last time in Mali. In fact the regular contribution of DAP can influence the mobility of zinc, because the phosphate fix this element. The object of this study is to estimate the impact of this phosphate fertilizer on the availability of zinc. So for the characterization, the sample is analysed through several physico-chemical methods: the X rays diffraction and the sweeping electronic microscopy. Some absorbing tests have been carried out with five numbered pots (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4) containing each 1 kg of sample to which has been added respectively 0; 2; 4; 8 and 10 g of the fertilizer. Other tests have conducted with 3 g samples removed from the pot P4, to which has been applied respectively 150 ppm, 300 ppm, 450 ppm and 600 ppm of zinc. As a result of the work the quantity of zinc retained is proportional to the one of DAP and the limit (retention in 21 days) = 499.9993 ppm > limit (retention in 15 days) = 499.9991 ppm > limit (retention in 7 days) = 499.9990 ppm > limit (retention in 1 day) = 499.9980 ppm. This study has shown that the phosphate diammonium retains the zinc and influences in this case its bioavailability.Keywords: Rice producing soil, Pana in Mali, zinc retention, the impact of the usage, phosphate diammonium.
Biomembrane Modelling in Planar Chromatographic Determination of Lipophilicity Using Olive and Castor Oils
Authors: Adeyemo M.A. , Adeyeye O. , Okeniyi O. A. , Idowu S. O. 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundLipophilicity is a crucial physicochemical parameter that predicts in vivo pharmacokinetics and should be reliably estimated in early stage drug discovery to reduce incidence of attrition. Previous methodologies for its measurement often lead to technically incorrect decisions due to simplistic architecture and poor biomimetic attributes. Significantly, a certain seed oil, used for biomembrane modelling on planar chromatographic platform, was reported to be sufficiently biomimetic and fit for purpose.ObjectivesTo evaluate olive oil (OL) and olive-castor oil (OL-C) equi-mixture as lipids for biomembrane simulation on planar chromatographic platform.Material and MethodRetention behavior of nabumetone, a model compound was used to optimize these potential lipid membranes using a thin film engineered from 5% Liquid paraffin (LP) as benchmark, while halofantrine, nabumetone , α-naphthol and β-naphthol representing varying molecular polarities, were used for validation studies. The validation involved 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) associated with variability in Basic lipophilicity parameter (Rmw), and Specific hydrophobic surface area (SHSA) for the optimized surfaces, relative to LP and octadecylsilane (ODS) Further validation entailed correlation of the lipophilicity descriptor i.e. isocratic chromatographic hydrophobicity index (ICHI) on OL, OL-C, ODS and LP with experimental Log P(octanol/water).ResultsOptimized film thicknesses were produced by 5% OL and 1.25% OL-C (p > 0.05). The 2-way ANOVA revealed great variability in performance characteristics of the surfaces (p < 0.0001), and the new surfaces also gave poorer correlation with Log P values (R2= 0.502 and 0.449 respectively).ConclusionThe 1.25 % OL-C demonstrated a higher biomimetic attribute and warrants further validation studies to ascertain biorelevance, of lipophilicity measurement on this platform, in predicting oral drug absorption.
Keywords: Lipophilicity, Reversed-phase Thin Layer Chromatography, Retention behaviour, Olive oil, Castor oil
Evaluation of Pharmacognostic Characteristics of the Leaf of Ageratum houstonianum Mill. Compositae
Authors: Alade G. O. , Frank A. , Uwakwe G. S. , Awotona O. O. , Ajibesin K. K. 
Published: January 2021

Background: It is a well-known fact that therapeutic efficacy and safety of medicinal plants depend on the quality and quantity of chemical constituents and that the misuse of medicinal plants starts with wrong identification.Objectives: The aim of this study is to establish some pharmacognostic standards for Ageratum houstonianum Mill (Compositae) which has high medicinal values, with a view to determining the proper identification and other quality control parameters of the plant.Method: The fresh leaf and powdered leaves were subjected to macroscopy and microscopy using standard procedures. In addition, some physicochemical evaluations such as moisture content, ash and soluble extractives were carried out on the powdered leaves.Results: The result shows that the leaf is simple, pinnate, diamond shaped, serrated margin, acute apex and asymetrical base. Microscopically, the leaf is amphistomatic in nature with anomocytic and anisocytic stomata at the adaxial and anomocytic and diacytic at the abaxial surface. Non-glandular uniseriate trichomes are present on both surfaces. The transverse section across the midrib shows epidermis, collenchyma, palisade cells and a few rolls of phloem around the xylem vessels. The stomata numbers and stomata indices for the upper and lower surface, respectively are1.4 and 10.2 and 2.9 and 15.6. Moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulphated ash, water soluble and alcohol soluble extractives yields 10.3%, 15.2%, 0.8%, 20.2%, 14.4% and 5.1%, respectively.Conclusion: The findings in this study are useful for establishing standards suitable for official monographs on Ageratum houstonianum proper identification and quality control.
Keywords: Pharmacognostic standards, Ageratum houstonianum, Quality control
Influence of Pregelatinized Breadfruit Starch-Alginate Blend as a Sustained Release Polymer in Theophylline Microbeads Using Box Behnken Design
Authors: Okunlola A. , Oloye S. T. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Apart from the coating property of modified starches on drugs, these natural polymers also acts as release rate retardants.Objectives: To evaluate the potential of pregelatinized breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) starch as a carrier in microbead formulations of theophylline using different blend combinations with sodium alginate and to determine the optimized formulation using Box-Behnken design.Method: Theophylline microbeads were prepared using the ionic gelation method. The 3 factor-3 level Box-Behnken design was employed for constructing polynomial models to optimize the microbeads, involving 3 independent variables (polymer type, X1, polymer: drug ratio, X2, and concentration of calcium chloride, X3) and 2 dependent variable (entrapment efficiency and quantity of drug released in 12 h, Q12).Results: Entrapment efficiency was 35 - 71 % while the values of Q12 was 38 - 88 %. The three variables, X1, X2 and X3, were positive for entrapment efficiency but negative for Q12, implying that increase from low to medium and then to high level resulted in an increase in entrapment but a decrease in Q12 (sustained release), both desirable effects. Factor X1 had the most significant influence on entrapment efficiency and Q12 (p = 0.002; p = 0.0001, respectively). The optimized formulation with starch:polymer 2:1, polymer:drug 3:1 and 7.5%w/v calcium chloride solution gave an entrapment efficiency 65% with Q12 of 38.75%.Conclusion: Pregelatinized breadfruit starch enhanced entrapment efficiency while retarding drug release, showing its potential as a polymer for sustained release in microbead formulations.
Keywords: Box-Behnken design; Breadfruit starch; Ionic gelation, Microbeads, Pregelatinization
Chrysophyllum Albidum Accelerates Delayed Gastric Ulcer Healing in Rats Through Oxidative Stress Reversal and Proton Pump Inhibition
Authors: Salami A.T. , Famurewa A. D. , Omayone T. P , Iyiola T. F. , Olaleye S. B. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Chrysophyllum albidum has been documented to exert its gastric ulcer (GU) healing activities by modulating blood inflammatory mediators, however, other probable in-vivo underlying mechanisms are still vague which this study sought to investigate.Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats (120-130g) divided into 9 groups (n=15 for groups I-VII; n=5 for groups VIII & IX) viz: Groups I- positive control (DUnA); II and III–250 and 500mg/kg methanolic extract of C. albidum (MeCaB) bark respectively; IV, V and VI-100mg/kg fractions A, B and C respectively; VII–30mg/kg omeprazole; VIII-ulcerated untreated (baseline), IX-negative control. Chronic GU was induced experimentally and delayed using indomethacin with 14 days simultaneous drug treatment. Gastric ulcer score, mucin content, antioxidant and proton pump activities were evaluated by days 3, 7 and 14 of treatment. Data were expressed as Mean+SEM and P<0.05 was significant.Results: C. albidum and fractions treated groups significantly decreased gastric ulcer scores and lipid peroxidation compared with DUnA. Negative control, C. albidum and fraction treated groups significantly increased superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione levels and mucin content compared with DUnA group by days 3 and 7. C. albidum, Negative and baseline control groups significantly decreased H+K+ATPase activities compared with DUnA by day14.Conclusion: C. albidum and its fractions facilitated the healing of gastric ulcer, probably by enhanced antioxidant levels, mucin content and decreased gastric H+K+ATPase activity.
Keywords: C. albidum and chromatographic fractions, gastric ulcer healing, mucin , antioxidant, H+/K+ATPase pump.
Nitrogen balance response to varying levels of dietary protein in slow-growing Windsnyer pigs
Authors: Hlatini V.A. , Ncobela C.N. , Chimonyo M. 
Published: January 2021

Protein requirements for slow-growing pigs have not been defined. The study was designed to determine the relationship between the level of dietary protein and nitrogen balance in slow-growing Windsnyer pigs. Thirty Windsnyer pigs with an initial bodyweight of 34.7 (SD = 0.85) kg were randomly assigned to six experimental diets containing 193, 174, 154, 135, 117, and 97 g/kg of crude protein (CP). Pigs were penned individually. There were five pigs in each diet. The faecal nitrogen output (NFO) showed a decreasing quadratic relationship with protein level. A linear relationship between protein level and urinary nitrogen excretion was observed (P =0.0001). The total nitrogen excreted showed a significant quadratic relationship to decreasing levels of CP in the diets (P =0.0001). The apparent digestibility of nitrogen had a linear relationship with dietary CP level (P =0.0005). A quadratic relationship between dietary protein level and N utilization was observed (P =0.0001). The optimum protein level for total nitrogen excreted, nitrogen utilization and biological value of feed protein were attained at 135 g/kg protein level. The efficiency of nitrogen utilization supports the low protein diet. The present results suggest reducing the dietary protein level for Windsnyer pigs to decrease amount of excreted N that is deposited into the environment.Protein requirements for slow-growing pigs have not been defined. The study was designed to determine the relationship between the level of dietary protein and nitrogen balance in slow-growing Windsnyer pigs. Thirty Windsnyer pigs with an initial bodyweight of 34.7 (SD = 0.85) kg were randomly assigned to six experimental diets containing 193, 174, 154, 135, 117, and 97 g/kg of crude protein (CP). Pigs were penned individually. There were five pigs in each diet. The faecal nitrogen output (NFO) showed a decreasing quadratic relationship with protein level. A linear relationship between protein level and urinary nitrogen excretion was observed (P =0.0001). The total nitrogen excreted showed a significant quadratic relationship to decreasing levels of CP in the diets (P =0.0001). The apparent digestibility of nitrogen had a linear relationship with dietary CP level (P =0.0005). A quadratic relationship between dietary protein level and N utilization was served (P =0.0001). The optimum protein level for total nitrogen excreted, nitrogen utilization and biological value of feed protein were attained at 135 g/kg protein level. The efficiency of nitrogen utilization supports the low protein diet. The present results suggest reducing the dietary protein level for Windsnyer pigs to decrease amount of excreted N that is deposited into the ironment.
Keywords: apparent nitrogen digestibility, ideal protein level, nitrogen retention, excreted nitrogen, nitrogen utilization
Effects of vitamin E, an oil blend and L-Arginine on breast meat from broiler chickens
Authors: Khatun J. , Loh T. C. , Foo H. L. , Akit H. , Mohamad R. , Shazali N. 
Published: January 2021

The study examined the effects of supplementing vitamin E on the fatty acid profile and breast meat quality of broilers fed diets containing an oil blend and L-Arginine. Two hundred sixteen Cobb 500 one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to six treatments, namely T1: 6% palm oil (control); T2: blend of 4% palm oil and 2% sunflower oil + 0.25% L-Arginine (positive control); T3: T2 with 20 mg/kg vitamin E added; T4: T2 with 50 mg/kg vitamin E added; T5: T2 with 100 mg/kg vitamin E added; and T6: T2 supplemented with 150 mg/kg vitamin E. Relative to T1, the other diets increased growth rate and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) similarly. Linoleic, arachidonic, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were greater and palmitic and saturated fatty acids were lower in the meat of birds fed T2–T6 relative to T1. Supplementation of vitamin E reduced drip loss (DL) and increased redness, tenderness, free thiol content, and the oxidative stability of meat during storage at 4 °C. Regardless of diet, free thiol, redness and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) value decreased significantly, whereas the carbonyl content, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and DL of breast meat increased over the ageing period. In conclusion, relative to T1, the other diets were effective in improving growth performance and meat quality during post-mortem storage
Key words: fatty acid profile, free thiol, lipid oxidation, palm oil, protein oxidation, sunflower oil