bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planktonic communities in a small post-peat reservoir (Ustka Forest District, Poland)
Authors: Rychert Krzysztof , Wielgat-Rychert Magdalena , Matviikiv Anna , Kryvoshei Yana , Parfeniuk Anastasiia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the present state of a small (area of 0.2 ha), shallow (mean depth of 2 m) and approximately 30-year-old post-peat reservoir located in Bruskowskie Bagno, a Baltic raised mire in northern Poland. The study was conducted during all seasons of the year (August 2019–July 2020). The reservoir was characterised by a yellow to brown water colour, low pH (5.4) and quite low conductivity (40.4 μS cm-1), which are the main features of dystrophic water bodies. Similar to natural, dystrophic lakes and ponds, the phytoplankton was mainly composed of mixotrophic species like Dinobryon sp. and Gonyostomum semen. The only numerous non-flagellate group within the phytoplankton was desmids, which indicated that the water was influenced by the mire. The reservoir was characterised by a high abundance of ciliates (annual mean of 55.6 cells ml-1) and a very high abundance of rotifers (annual mean of 3.72 ind. ml-1). Among ciliates, the most important were prostomatids, accounting for 53% of the mean annual ciliate abundance. The results of our study indicate that artificial, approximately 30-year-old, post-peat reservoir resembled a natural dystrophic water body.
Improvement of the quality in hydroponically grown fresh aromatic herbs by inducing mild salinity stress is species-specific
Authors: Aktsoglou Danai-Christina , Kasampalis Dimitrios S. , Sarrou Eirini , Tsouvaltzis Pavlos , Chatzopoulou Paschalina , Martens Stefan , Siomos Anastasios S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Profitable hydroponic production requires high quality fresh water, which is often not available for agricultural use, while desalinisation of salty water is an expensive and unsustainable technology. In the present study, we assessed the effect of mild salinity stress during the soilless cultivation of fresh peppermint and spearmint in the floating system on biomass yield, produce quality and plant secondary metabolite content. Peppermint and spearmint plants were grown for 25 days on a nutrient solution (NS) supplemented with three different NaCl concentrations (0 mM, 10 mM or 20 mM NaCl). The plant height, root length, fresh and dry weight were recorded and composition was determined on fresh tissue. The composition of essential oil was determined upon hydrodistillation and that of polyphenolic compounds by targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). Plant growth was not suspended by the addition of NaCl in the NS, except for the plant height at the highest salinity level. In peppermint, the nutritional composition was not affected by the salinity, whereas it was significantly improved in spearmint as confirmed by the nitrate content decrease and the total antioxidant capacity, total soluble phenol, total carotenoid and essential oil content increases. Simultaneously, no effect of the salinity on essential oil or polyphenolic composition in both plants was induced. In conclusion, peppermint and spearmint production is feasible in the floating system even under mild salinity conditions, without negatively affecting either the crop yield or the plant's essential oil or phenolic composition. Indeed, low salinity levels improved the nutritional composition of spearmint plants.
The Impact of Hindlimb Suspension on the Rat Eye: A Molecular and Histological Analysis of the Retina
Authors: Theriot Corey A. , Chevez-Barrios Patricia , Loughlin Thomas , Beheshti Afshin , Mercaldo Nathaniel D. , Zanello Susana B. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) is hypothesized to be associated with microgravity-induced fluid shifts. There is a need for an animal model of SANS to investigate its pathophysiology. We used the rat hindlimb suspension (HS) model to examine the relationship between the assumed cephalad fluid shifts, intraocular (IOP) pressure and the molecular responses in the retina to the prolonged change in body posture. Long evans rats were subjected to HS up to 90 days. Animals completing 90-day suspension were further studied for recovery periods up to 90 additional days in normal posture. With respect to baseline, the average IOP increase in HS animals and the rate of change varied by cohort. Transcriptomics evidence supported a response to HS in the rat retina that was affected by age and sex. Several molecular networks suggested stress imposed by HS affected the retinal vasculature, oxidative and inflammation status, pigmented epithelium and glia. The CSNK1A1-TP53 pathway was implicated in the response in all cohorts. Sex-specific genes were involved in cytoprotection and may explain sex-dependent vulnerabilities to certain eye diseases. These results support the hypothesis that changes in the biology of the retina subjected to simulated microgravity involve both the neural and vascular retina.
Field evidence suggests that the Palaeoproterozoic Gowganda Formation in Canada is non-glacial in origin
Authors: Molén Mats O. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
During more than a century since its original identification, the Gowganda Formation in Ontario (Canada) has gradually been reinterpreted from representing mainly subglacial tillites to secondary gravity flow and glaciomarine deposits. The main pieces of geological evidence advanced in favour of glaciation in recent articles are outsized clasts that have been interpreted as dropstones and patches of diamictites in a single small-sized area at Cobalt which is still interpreted as displaying subglacial basal tillites. The present research considers field evidence in the Gowganda Formation in the light of more recent work on gravity flows linked to tectonics. Detailed studies have demonstrated that the clasts which are interpreted to be dropstones rarely penetrate laminae and are commonly draped by sediments the appearance of which is similar to lonestones in gravity flows. The “subglacial area” at Cobalt displays evidence of tectonics and gravity flows, which can be traced from the underlying bedrock, and then further in the overlying sequence of diamictites and rhythmites. The sum of geological features displays appearances at odds with a primary glaciogenic origin, and there is no unequivocal evidence present of glaciation. The data indicate deposition by non-glaciogenic gravity flows, including cohesive debris flows for the more compact units, probably triggered by tectonic displacements.
Slumping as a record of regional tectonics and palaeoslope changes in the Satpura Basin, central India
Authors: Khan Merajuddin , Khangar Ranjit G. , Raychowdhury Nilasree , Babhare Anand T. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Soft-sediment deformation structures play an important role in interpreting regional tectonics and basin evolution during slumping events. The Satpura Basin is interpreted as pull-apart with a monoclinal northerly palaeoslope throughout its evolution. The basin formed as a result of sinistral strike-slip faulting, induced by the ENE–WSW-trending Son-Narmada South fault in the north and the Tapti North fault in the south. We have analysed the slump folds within the basalmost Talchir Formation and related these to regional tectonics and palaeoslope changes in the Satpura Basin. The glaciofluvial strata of the Talchir Formation, exposed in the southern part of the Satpura Basin, record intricacies of folds created during slumping. Several fold styles can be distinguished, within alternations of competent sandstone and incompetent shale layers, some of which indicate buckling. Upright folds, resulting from pure shear, underwent rotation of their axial planes and fold axes during simple shear-dominated progressive deformation when the slump moved downslope. The soft-sediment deformation structures that we have studied show refolding patterns that closely resemble comparable folds known from lithified rocks. These layers with refolded structures are overlain by unde-formed sediments, which proves that they are the product of a single ongoing slumping process, rather than of successive deformation events. Our analysis of their fold axes and axial planes, together with fold vergences and thrust directions within the slumps, suggests a mean slumping direction towards the southwest. Analyses of slump folds and their relationship with regional tectonics have allowed us to reinterpret basin evolution history. The southwesterly trending palaeoslope of the basin suggest that the slope of the basin was not uniform throughout its evolution. At the opening, the oblique slip fault, which trended NE–SW, generated due to movement along the ENE–WSW basin bounding faults, was more active and triggered slumping event within the Talchir deposits in the basin. With progressive overlapping of the basin-bounding faults, the Satpura Basin gradually tilted towards the north.
Caves as geoheritage resource in remote desert areas: a preliminary evaluation of Djara Cave in the Western Desert of Egypt
Authors: Abdel Maksoud Kholoud M. , Baghdadi Mahmoud I. , Ruban Dmitry A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCaves are rare in northeast Africa and, thus, deserve attention as potential geoheritage objects (geosites). Assessment of Djara Cave and its vicinity (Western Desert, Egypt) has permitted to document unique features, such as the cave itself as a peculiar subsurface landform, speleothems providing data for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, rock art demonstrating elements of past landscapes, siliceous nodules weathered from Eocene limestones and a network of dry drainage channels indicative of wetter palaeoenvironments. These features are assigned to geomorphological, sedimentological and palaeogeographical types of geoheritage. Djara Cave and its vicinity are proposed as a geosite of national rank; it is vulnerable to anthropogenic stress and needs geoconservation measures and instalment of interpretative signs. This geosite is already popular among tourists, and can be used for further tourism development. More generally, the presence of caves in Egyptian desert areas makes possible the recognition of national speleological heritage that requires special country-level strategies of management.
Burdigalian-Langhian foraminifera of the northwest High Zagros Thrust Belt, southwest Iran
Authors: Roozpeykar Asghar , Moghaddam Iraj Maghfouri , Yaazdi Mehdi , Yousefi Bijan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The foraminiferal contents of the lower–middle Miocene succession exposed in three sections in north Nur Abad on the northwestern side of the High Zagros Thrust Belt were studied. Assemblages of larger foraminifera from these sections can be referred to Zone SBZ 25 (and the Miogypsina globulus and Miogypsina intermedia subzones), which correlates with the Burdigalian Stage. For the first time, planktonic foraminifera documented from the Nur Abad area document Lang-hian deposits in the High Zagros, the upper 20 metres of the upper Sayl Cheshmeh section being characterised by the occurrence of planktonic foraminifera such as Globigerina concinna (Reuss), Globigerina diplostoma (Reuss), Globigerinoides obliquus (Bolli), Orbulina bilobata (d’Orbigny) and O.universa (d’Orbigny). This association characterises the Orbulina suturalis Interval Zone.
European inter-comparison studies as a tool for perfecting irradiated food detection methods
Authors: Guzik Grzegorz Piotr , Michalik Jacek 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present the results of inter-comparison studies on identification of irradiated food carried out by the leading European laboratories from 1991 to 2018. In 1990s, the Federal Institute for Health Protection of Consumers and Veterinary Medicine in Germany played the leading role in the organization of the inter-laboratory tests on this subject. At the beginning of the present century, the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition and Food National Spanish Centre took over this role. In total, 47 international tests were carried out in which nearly 500 samples of alimentary products were analysed in 37 laboratories from 14 European countries. The tests were aimed at proving the reliability of analytical methods – thermoluminescence (TL), photostimulated luminescence (PSL), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy – for identification of specific irradiated food products and to control the analytical skills and experience of participating laboratories. The results made possible a discussion on why some irradiated food samples are more difficult for identification. In general, the tests showed that TL measurements of products such as herbs, nuts, peppers, and raisins, and EPR studies of fish and chicken bones, fresh strawberries, and dried fruits could be used as reliable control methods. The challenge that control laboratories are facing now, is related to the identification of complex food products such as diet supplements or biopharmaceuticals, in which only some additives are irradiated.
Eksik Bir Retorik: Kriz Zamanlarında Sosyal Haklar
Authors: ÇANKAYA Hürol 
Published: September 2021

Eşitsizliğin izlerini daha belirgin hale getiren ekonomik krizler, insan hakları ihlallerini derinleştirmektedir. Ekonomi politikalarının insan hakları temelli oluşturulmaması, özellikle sosyal hakların hayata geçirilmesini zorlaştırmaktadır. Etkisiz kalan sosyal haklar, anayasalarda ve uluslararası sözleşmelerde sadece kılavuz olarak görülmektedir. Devletlerin mali kaynaklarının yeterliliği ölçütü de devreye girince sosyal hakların korunmasında yargının rolü sınırlı kalmaktadır. Kriz zamanlarında ise bir ülkedeki insan hakları ve sosyal adalet manzarası daha net ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ekonomik kriz, devletler tarafından sorumluluklarının bir kısmından kurtulmanın imkânı olarak görülmekte ve normalde dar biçimde yorumlanan hakların içerikleri daha da daraltılmaktadır. Ayrıca sosyal haklar ekonomik gerekçelerle istisna hali kıskacına alındığında, insan haklarının ihlal zemini daha da genişlemektedir.
Ekonomik krizlerden ağırlıklı olarak sosyal hakların etkilendiği yönündeki görüş yaygın bir bakış açısını yansıtmaktadır. Kişisel ve siyasi haklar ise krizlerin bilançosuna yansıtılmamaktadır. Elbette klasik hakların kriz zamanlarındaki hukuki hasarını tespit etmek kolay değildir. Ancak krizlerin klasik hakların üzerindeki etkilerini görmemek de hatalı yaklaşım olacaktır. İnsan haklarının bütünlüğü ilkesi çerçevesinde, kriz zamanlarında insan hakları manzarasına geniş bir perspektiften bakılması gerekmektedir. Krizlerin insan hakları boyutu bilinmesine rağmen ulusal ya da uluslararası hiçbir teşhiste ya da tedavide sosyal haklar kendilerine yer bulamamaktadırlar. Görünmezliğe bürünen sosyal haklar, kriz dönemlerinde alınan ve insan haklarının aleyhine olan önlemlerin büyük kısmını içlerinde barındırmaktadırlar. Kriz, özellikle istisna hali ile birleştiğinde ise arka plana atılan haklar hususunda hukuk daha agresif bir role bürünmektedir. Tüm ekonomik krizlerin aslında hakların krizi olduğu hususu bir kez daha ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Trade, Environment, Human Capital and Services Sector in Developing Countries: A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Nasim Ismat , Chaudhry Imran Sharif , Farooq Fatima , Bashir Furrukh 
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study aims to examine the influence of Trade Liberalization, Environmental Quality (CO2 Emission) on Services Sector Growth in some selected developing.
Methodology: The estimation of the study considers panel data unit root and panel data ARDL approach. The environmental quality is represented by Carbon Dioxide Emission and trade liberalization is by trade openness.
Findings: The results of Panel Unit Root test summarize that Panel ARDL is the most appropriate method of estimation for having Panel Coefficient values due to mixed order of integration for developing countries.
Implications: The empirical findings of model, in Developing Countries, Labor Force, Capital Stock, Trade Openness, Money Supply, Government Expenditure and Human Capital exert upward pressure on Services Value Addition while Carbon Dioxide Emission and Price Level is putting download pressure on Services Value Addition.
The Giant Nypa Palm Worm Namalycastis rhodochorde (Polychaeta: Nereididae) in West Kalimantan: Reproduction and Aquaculture Studies
Authors: Junardi  
Published: September 2021

West Kalimantan shows many reproductive events of Nereidid worms in estuaries.The Peniti and Karimunting estuaries become a Nereidid mass spawning site every year. Other estuaries such as the Kapuas river is also the one habitat of the Nereidid worm called the giant Nypa palm worm, Namalycastis rhodochorde. This species has a magnificent length in body size and popular use for fishing bait. The high demand for this worm causes habitat destruction and decreases the population in nature so cultivation efforts are important to do. Basic data encompassing habitat characteristics, reproduction, feeding, development, and larval rearing to enhancing cultivation has been obtained.Larval and juvenile stocking densities including aquarium installations are currently being studied in the laboratory. Further studies on harvesting techniques, specificpathogen-free (SPF) products as well as a sustainable production need to be carried outat industrial aquaculture level.
Ideologia e catequese
Authors: Souza José Evangelista de 
Published: September 2021

Por que abordar este assunto? Qual o interesse imediato? Que interesse traria para o trabalho pastoral?
O assunto é importante. A palavra ideologia tem servido para se acusar a Igreja. Políticos conservadores e defensores do “status quo”, bem como membros da própria hierarquia, vêm acusando as Comunidades Eclesiais de Base de infiltrações ideológicas...
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): A Case Report
Authors: Halimi Amanda , Hersunarti Nani 
Published: September 2021

Background: The prevalence of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) currently reaches 50% of heart failure cases and continues to increase every year. HFpEF is an important clinical condition, but the diagnosis is far more challenging than HFrEF (Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction), and there has not been any proven effective treatment. In this case presentation, the latest HFpEF diagnosis and therapy will be discussed.
Case illustration and discussion: A man and a woman came to the emergency room with signs and symptoms of congestion suggestive of heart failure. Additional examination was performed to support the working diagnosis of HFpEF, namely ECG, NTproBNP and echocardiography. HFA-PEFF scores of the first and second patient was 3 and 4 respectively. During hospitalization, diuretics was given to overcome congestion according to guidelines, as well as ACE-inhibitor and beta-blocker. Both patients were also screened for cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular comorbidities, and were given appropriate therapy.
Conclusion: The diagnosis of HFpEF does not have a gold standard yet, meanwhile, the HFA-PEFF scoring can be used. Recommended HFpEF therapy includes diuretics for congestion and management of comorbidities. Several studies of HFpEF treatment are ongoing.
Keywords: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFpEF
Correlation Of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction And Spatial Qrs-T Angle In Old Myocardial Infarct Patient
Authors: Karwiky Giky , Achmad Chaerul , Martanto Erwan , Sanjaya Ferdy 
Published: September 2021

Objective: Spatial QRS-T angle (the angle between the QRS and T vectors) is a strong independent predictor of cardiovascular death. Spatial QRS-T angle calculations can be obtained from the ECG 12 lead with Kors visual transform applications closest to Frank lead system. Half of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) died from sudden cardiac death (SCD) with Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) as a predictor. The aim of this study was to correlate spatial QRS-T with LVEF in patients with old myocardial infarction (OMI).
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in patients with OMI that have not undergone revascularization and have achieved medical therapy. 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography were done simultaneously. Spatial QRS-T angle was measured by Kors visual transform applications. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson correlation and multivariate analysis with linear regression.
Results: 46 patients meet the inclusion criteria. Baseline characteristics: mean age 58 ± 8 years, 89% male, mean spatial QRS-T was 108.72 ± 43° with mean LVEF 39.39 ± 10%. The spatial QRS-T angle and LVEF was strong negative correlation (r=-0.66, p<0.01) after adjusted with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) correlation between spatial QRS-T angle and LVEF decreasing (r=-0.57, p<0.01). The Spatial QRS-T angle and LVEF of patients with OMI is negative correlation.
Conclusion: The spatial QRS-T angle and LVEF of patients with OMI had negative correlation. Spatial QRS-T angle may be an easier index for assessing cardiac dysfunction in patients with OMI.
High Temperature Sliding of TiC Based Hardmetal Coatings Against TWIP Steel
Authors: Varga M. , Janka L. , Rodríguez Ripoll M. , Berger L.-M. , Thiele S. , Matikainen V. , Vuoristo P. , Janka L. , Hamouda H. Ben 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Manufacturing of steel components is often done at high temperatures (HT) posing a serious challenge to components such as forming tools. Thermal spray coatings provide a cost-effective solution for surface protection under HT, corrosive environments and severe wear conditions. Thermally sprayed coatings based on cubic hard materials such as TiC and TiCN can provide an alternative to widely used Cr3C2-NiCr. While the latter possess a superb oxidation resistance and wear resistance at HT, they are prone to degradation in the presence of Mn, an element commonly alloyed in many modern steel grades such as TWIP (twinning-induced plasticity steel). In this study, a (Ti,Mo)(C,N)-29% Ni hardmetal feedstock powder was prepared by agglomeration and sintering. Coatings were deposited using a high velocity air-fuel (HVAF) spray process. The coating was benchmarked against a standard Cr3C2-NiCr coating obtained with the same spray process. Our work comprises analyses of the feedstock powder along with the resulting coating microstructure after deposition and heat treatment. Further, the HT sliding behavior against TWIP steel using a HT pin-on-disc tribometer at 700°C was investigated. The results showed a clear benefit of the TiCN-based coating, with almost no wear detected, while the Cr3C2-coating showed a significant wear loss. Based on these results, the TiCN-based coating is regarded as potential solution for prospective forming applications of modern high Mn steels, such as TWIP.