bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum magnesium levels in relation to metabolic syndrome: A national population-based cross-sectional study from Jordan
Authors: Addin Nuha Shugaa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background/Aims:

Individuals with metabolic syndrome are at higher risk to develop cardiovascular disease, diabetes type 2, and certain types of cancers such as pancreatic, liver, and colorectal cancers. Studies suggest a potential association between hypomagnesemia and metabolic syndrome with conflicting results. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in Jordan and to further explore the association between low magnesium levels and metabolic syndrome and its components.
Methods

Data were derived from the national population-based household survey conducted in Jordan in 2009. The study was multipurpose and collected a wide array of data including interview data, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory data. The present report deals, exclusively, with subjects aged ≥ 20 years. There was a total of 4,520 subjects (1113 men and 3407 women).
Results

We found alarmingly high prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome and its components defined by IDF (international diabetic federation) criteria (39.8%) with the highest burden being among women (40.7% in women and 37.4% in men). Among metabolic syndrome components, central obesity and low HDL were the most commonly occurring components of metabolic syndrome (62.6% and 65.5%, respectively). We observed a significant inverse association between serum magnesium levels and metabolic syndrome after adjusting for age (OR = 1.57, p value = 0.048). Among metabolic syndrome components, low serum magnesium levels were significantly associated with low serum HDL levels (OR = 2.15, p value = 0.001).
Conclusion

Metabolic syndrome prevalence in Jordan is considerably high. Our findings suggest that serum magnesium levels are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome.
Identifying gait quality metrics sensitive to changes in lower limb constraint
Authors: Herrin Kinsey , Kwak Samuel , Chang Young-Hui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Manual tuning of robotic lower limb prostheses can be time consuming for both the patient and the clinician and requires in-person visits to a clinic. An automated process for the tuning parameters of a robotic lower limb prosthesis could result in a substantial savings in healthcare resources. A critical challenge to an automated parameter tuning algorithm is the quantification of a person’s gait quality. There is not good agreement in the literature of an objective outcome measure that can rapidly assess gait quality in lower limb amputees. As a first step, we investigated the ability of four common gait quality metrics to detect differences in gait quality: Prosthetic Observational Gait Score (POGS), Gait Deviation Index (GDI), Lateral Sway, and Impulse Asymmetry.
Methods

We systematically applied four unilateral lower limb joint constraint conditions (baseline/no constraint, ankle constraint, knee constraint, and knee + ankle constraint) to nine able-bodied participants walking at three different speeds (0.7, 0.85 and 1.0 m/s). We calculated and compared the resulting GDI, POGS, Lateral Sway and Impulse Asymmetry scores across all conditions. We performed a 2-way ANOVA statistical analysis to compare sensitivity of the metrics to the various conditions with significance defined by an alpha-level = 0.05.
Results

The Lateral Sway metric distinguished three joint constraint conditions and two of the speed conditions. Both GDI and POGS were able to distinguish four out of six possible constraint-speed conditions, while Impulse Asymmetry was only able to detect differences between three of the six constraint-speed conditions.
Conclusions

No single gait quality metric could distinguish every condition. Accordingly, a single metric of gait quality may be inadequate for tuning a prosthesis and therefore multiple metrics and sensors may provide the best results for tuning a prosthesis to the most natural gait pattern for an individual. Compared to the more complex gait measures, Lateral Sway performed well as a simple metric that might easily be operationalized into a real-time parameter tuning controller.
Systematic investigation of skill opportunities in decadal prediction of air temperature over Europe
Authors: Sgubin Giovanni , Swingedouw Didier , Borchert Leonard F. , Menary Matthew B. , Noël Thomas , Loukos Harilaos , Mignot Juliette 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Decadal Climate Predictions (DCP) have gained considerable attention for their potential utility in promoting optimised plans of adaptation to climate change and variability. Their effective applicability to a targeted problem is nevertheless conditional on a detailed evaluation of their ability to simulate the near-term climate evolution under specific conditions. Here we explore the performance of the IPSL-CM5A-LR DCP system in predicting air temperature over Europe, by proposing a systematic assessessment of the prediction skill for different time windows (periods of the calendar time, forecast years and months/seasons). In this framework, we also compare raw and de-biased hindcasts, in which the temperature outputs have been corrected using a quantile matching method. The systematic analysis allows to discern certain conditions conferring larger predictability, which we find to be intermittent in time. The predictions appear more skilful around the 1960s and after the 1980s, in coincidence with large shifts of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, which are well reproduced in the hindcasts. Averages on longer forecast periods also generally imply better prediction skill, while the best predicted months appear to be mainly those between late spring and early autumn. Moreover, we find an overall added value due to initialisation, while de-biased predictions significantly outperform raw predictions only for a few specific time windows. Finally, we discuss the potential implications of the proposed systematic exploration of skill opportunities in DCPs for integrated applications in climate sensitive sectors.
Neck Circumference Is a Reliable Predictor for Hyperuricemia in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Case Control Study
Authors: Yang Haiyan , Liu Chang , Jin Congcong , Yu Rong , Ding Lin , Mu Liangshan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of hyperuricemia in the women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is almost threefold higher than that in women without PCOS. Both PCOS and hyperuricemia are considered risk factors of metabolic disorders, including hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Previous study has indicated that neck circumference (NC) is a good predictor for insulin resistance in women with PCOS. The present analysis thus aims to assess the predictive value of NC for hyperuricemia in women with PCOS.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that recruited one hundred ninety women with PCOS from January 2018 to December 2019. PCOS was diagnosed according to the Rotterdam definition. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid level of at least 357 μmol/L.Results: PCOS females with hyperuricemia had significantly greater values of NC, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC). NC was positively associated with serum uric acid levels, with a standardized regression coefficient of 0.34 after adjusting for confounding factors. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that NC was significantly associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.58. The associations between NC and serum uric acid levels were more evident in those with medium BMI (22.02 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25.08 kg/m2), low WC (WC < 85 cm) or medium HC (90 cm ≤ HC < 96 cm). The optimal cutoff point of NC in predicting hyperuricemia was 32.0 cm (Youden index = 0.48), with the sensitivity and negative predictive value of 87.23% and 93.68%, respectively.Conclusions: Neck circumference is positively correlated with hyperuricemia and has a high negative predictive value for hyperuricemia in women with PCOS. Therefore, we suggest NC as a simple, novel, and reliable anthropometric measure to be used in the routine clinical assessment of women with PCOS to screen those at high risk of hyperuricemia.
A Roadmap of The Human Body Resistome
Authors: Maestre-Carballa Lucia , Navarro Vicente , Martinez-Garcia Manuel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn response to the global antibiotic resistance crisis, efforts have been focused on gaining a better understanding of resistomes (sets of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)) and the dispersion of ARGs in nature. A comprehensive metagenomic characterization of the human body resistome is paramount for laying the foundation to develop a better strategy to address this health concern. Here, we study the resistomes of 771 samples from five major body parts of healthy subjects from the Human Microbiome Project (HMP). In line with the One Health concept (WHO), we also investigated the presence of ARGs from the HMP in 272 pristine environments. ResultsOf all the detected HMP genes/proteins (9.17E+07), 40,816 were ARGs showing high interindividual and inter-body-site abundance variability. Nares had the highest ARG abundance (2.18±2.64 ARGs/Mb; ≈5.5 ARG per bacterial genome), while the gut (0.34±0.34 ARGs/Mb; ≈1.3 ARG per bacterial genome), which also showed the highest richness of different ARG types, had the lowest abundance. Fluroquinolone resistance genes were the most abundant antibiotic resistance gene family, followed by MLS or tetracycline resistance genes, depending on the body site. From all the detected ARGs, we found 366 different ARG types, with parC R (fluoroquinolone resistance) being the most abundant in the oral cavity, mprF (peptide antibiotic resistance) in the skin and nares, and tetQ (tetracycline resistance) in the gut and vagina. Most of the ARGs belonged to common bacterial commensals, and many of them were also multidrug resistance genes and were more abundant in the nares and vagina. The total number of ARGs from the HMP data (n=34) detected in pristine environments (266 samples) was negligible, and most of them (73%) were classified as housekeeping genes in autochthonous bacteria having known mutations conferring antibiotic resistance (natural reservoirs). A significant fraction of ARGs (24%) in pristine environments were actually from exogenous contaminants. The detection of identical HMP ARGs in autochthonous bacteria was extremely infrequent (3%). Conclusions Our results comprehensively reveal the resistomes from all body parts and HMP samples that can serve as a baseline for comparison for long-term survey and monitoring of human resistome variations. Finally, our data provide hope, since the spread of common ARGs from the HMP data to pristine environments thus far remains very unlikely.
Is Elevated First Trimester Mean Arterial Blood Pressure Associated With Increased Risk of Placenta Accreta?
Authors: Wang Fengge , Lin Peng , Zhu Liangxi , Qu Miaomiao , Dong Fangxiang , Shu Hua , Feng Xueqin , Liu Miao , Su Chunlong , Yu Tiantian , Zhang Bin , Man Dongmei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The present study investigated whether first trimester mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) differed among pregnancies with placenta accreta and healthy pregnancies.Methods: We recruited 176 pregnant females totally from 1 January 2016 to 30 September 2018 in this study, as follows: 65 cases of placenta accreta and 111 cases of BMI and age matched, healthy pregnant controls. First trimester mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were acquired from laboratory data files. Multiple logistic regression analysis were used to study analyzed the probable risk predictor of placenta accreta. Results: The performance of MAP was lower in healthy pregnancies. The MAP of the placenta accreta group was significantly higher than that of the cont rol group (p=0.001<0.05). Our results also showed that MAP was significantly positively associated with placenta accreta after adjusting for age, BMI, fertilization type, gestational week at time of blood pressure measurement, and previous cesarean section history (odds ratio [β]: 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.69; p=0.0013<0.05). In addition, smoking during pregnancy (β: 7.57; 95% CI: 1.41–40.72; p=0.018<0.05) and previous cesarean section history (β: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.19–5.54; p=0.016<0.05) were significantly positively associated with placenta accreta.Conclusions: Increased first trimester MAP was significantly positively associated with placenta accreta, suggesting the potential role of MAP in identifying high-risk pregnancies for placenta accreta. Smoking during pregnancy and previous cesarean section history may be risk factors for placenta accreta.
Comparison of Chemical Compounds and Their Influence on The Taste of Coffee Depending on Green Beans Storage Conditions
Authors: Zarebska Magdalena , Stanek Natalia , Barabosz Krzysztof , Jaszkiewicz Anna , Kulesza Renata , Matejuk Rafał , Andrzejewski Dariusz , Biłos Łukasz , Porada Artur 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Currently, there is no technology for storing green coffee (GC), which results in obtaining high-quality roasted coffee (RC). The aim of this study was evaluating the effects of storage temperature (-10, 5, 10, 18, 20ºC, uncontrolled), post-harvest treatment method (natural (N), washed (W)) and type of packaging material (GrainPro (G), jute (J) bags) on content of chlorogenic acids, caffeine and trigonelline as also on sensory profile of GC from “specialty’ sector after 12 months of measured storage. HPLC results showed that GrainPro bags preserve considered compounds better than jute. Exception was 10oC chamber, where in the samples from jute have been reported higher contents of all analyzed compounds. Also natural way of grain processing retains more assayed compounds. The best results were obtained in 10oC for jute both, natural and washed, where the highest level of all considered compounds were noted. The tendency was supported by the sensory analysis.
Spatial coding defects of hippocampal neural ensemble calcium activities in the 3xTg-AD Alzheimer’s disease mouse model
Authors: Lin Xiaoxiao , Chen Lujia , Baglietto-Vargas David , Ye Qiao , LaFerla Frank M , Nitz Douglas A. , Holmes Todd C. , Xu Xiangmin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causes progressive age-related defects in memory and cognitive function, and has emerged as a major health and socio-economic concern in the US and worldwide. To develop effective therapeutic treatments for AD, we need to better understand the neural mechanisms by which AD causes memory loss and cognitive deficits.
Methods

Here we examine large scale hippocampal neural population calcium activities imaged at single cell resolution in a triple-transgenic Alzheimer’s disease mouse model (3xTg-AD) that presents both amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary pathological features along with age-related behavioral defects. To measure encoding of environmental location in hippocampal neural ensembles in the 3xTg-AD mice in vivo, we performed GCaMP6-based calcium imaging using head-mounted, miniature fluorescent microscopes (“miniscopes”) on freely moving animals. We compared hippocampal CA1 excitatory neural ensemble activities during open-field exploration and track-based route-running behaviors in age-matched AD and control mice at young (3–6.5 months old) and old (18–21 months old) animals.
Results

3xTg-AD CA1 excitatory cells display significantly higher calcium activity rates compared with Non-Tg controls for both the young and old age groups during spatial exploration, suggesting that in vivo enhanced neuronal calcium ensemble activity is a disease feature. Increased ages are correlated with decreased neural calcium activity rates across genotypes. CA1 neuronal populations of 3xTg-AD mice show lower spatial information scores compared with control mice. Spatial firing of CA1 neurons of old 3xTg-AD mice also displays higher sparsity and spatial coherence, indicating less place specificity for spatial representation. We find locomotion significantly modulates the amplitude of hippocampal neural calcium ensemble activities in 3xTg-AD mice, but not in non-transgenic controls during open field ambulatory movements.
Conclusions

Our data offers new and comprehensive information about age-dependent neural circuit activity changes in this important AD mouse model, and provides strong evidence that spatial coding defects in the neuronal population activities are associated with AD pathology and AD-related memory behavioral deficits.
Development of Strategies to Promote Circular Economy in the Management of Construction and Demolition Waste: A Case Study in Manaus, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Lamego , de Oliveira Evailton Arantes , Fonseca Ana 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) cause environmental impacts in a worldwide scale. The existing international concern regarding the adequate management of CDW is justified by the large amount of this waste produced in a daily basis, together with its potential hazardous effects on ecosystems and human health. In countries with growing economies, like Brazil, it is of the utmost importance to promote sustainability-oriented practices that can co-exist with economic development. In this scope, the present research proposes strategies regarding the management of CDW based on the Circular Economy principles, focusing the case study of the municipality of Manaus, in the centre of the Amazon Forest. The characterization of the reference situation regarding CDW management in Manaus revealed several deficiencies, namely the lack of reuse and recycling opportunities, the unsupervised disposal of CDW in illegal landfills, together with insufficient surveillance procedures and inadequate policies from regional authorities like the Manaus City Hall and the Amazon’s Regional Council of Engineering and Agronomy (CREA-AM). The acknowledgement of these problems led to the identification of improvement opportunities and to the development and operationalization of Circular Economy promotion strategies: valorisation of CDW through the enhancement of reuse and recycling opportunities, operationalized through a mobile phone application; inclusion of sensibilization and surveillance practices regarding professional activities related to CDW management on the CREA-AM inspection plan; and the proposal of alterations in the municipal policies regarding CDW disposal in the public landfill. These strategies have been implemented in the Manaus municipality, but are easily adaptable to other Brazilian municipalities and even to other countries’ realities.
Distribution of Crystalloid Fluid Infused During Onset of Anesthesia-Induced Hypotension: A Retrospective Population Kinetic Analysis
Authors: Hahn Robert G 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background. Loading with crystalloid fluid before induction of anesthesia is widely practiced but cannot reduce the accompanying drop in arterial pressure. The aim of this report is to provide a mathematical view of how fluid distributes in this setting.Methods. Data were retrieved from three studies where 76 patients (mean age 63 years, mean body weight 66 kg) had received approximately 1.1 L of Ringer’s solution over 60 min by intravenous infusion before and during induction of spinal, epidural, or general anesthesia. A population kinetic model was used to analyze the fluid distribution and its relationship to individual-specific factors. Frequent measurements of blood hemoglobin and the urinary excretion served as dependent variables.Results. Before anesthesia induction, distribution to the extravascular space was 3-fold faster than elimination by urinary excretion. Both distribution and elimination of infused fluid were retarded in an exponential fashion due to the anesthesia-induced decrease in the mean arterial pressure (MAP). A decrease in MAP from 110 to 60 mmHg reduced the rate of distribution by 75% and the rate of elimination by 90%. These adaptations cause most of the infused fluid to remain in the bloodstream. Age, gender, type of anesthesia, and the use of ephedrine had no statistically significant effect on plasma volume expansion, apart from their possible influence on MAP.Conclusion. The decrease in MAP that accompanies anesthesia induction depresses the blood hemoglobin concentration by inhibiting both the distribution and elimination of infused crystalloid fluid. The report provides mathematical information about the degree of these changes.
Can the Olive Genome Be a Miracle for Human DNA?
Authors: ŞENKAL Muhammet , Akalin Ibrahim 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We aimed to compare the human genome with the olive genome on the hypothetical context of whether or not any human-plant genomic alignment similarities could give rise to genomic bioavailability when consumed likewise carbohydrates, proteins, fats. Many studies from past to present have shown beneficial effects of olives on cardiovascular diseases and some cancer pathways. Moreover, scientific and even religious resources highlighted the importance of the olive. In our project, we aligned the olive genome with the human genome in Pubmed Blast database.
We detected several genes has had 100 percent matching sequences where pathological and non-pathological variations were identified in the human genome. Interestingly wild type variations were observed in the olive genome and those matching regions were consuming restriction sites. In our data, matching regions at cardiovascular and cancer-related genes could suggest a possible bioavailability of plant genomes even in vitro. Further studies, comparing other plant genomes with the human genome would beget more promising results.
In vitro biofabrication of silver nanoparticles: Optimization, characterization, and activity against beta-lactamases-resistant Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Fattah Bikhal , Arif Huner , Hamzah Haider 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The rate at which nosocomial infections have spread throughout the globe has been alarming. Therefore, the data presented here sheds light on some aspects of AgNPs as promising anti-infective therapy. However, knowledge on the safe usage of AgNPs in the field of medicine is necessary to investigate. AgNPs synthesis, optimization, characterization, and mode of action against Enterococcus faecalis have been studied in this paper. We propose a combination of cell-free supernatant (C-FS) of the intimate organisms; Fusarium solani and Comamonas aquatica as synthesis catalysts. The optimization findings were at pH 9.0 for 72 h in 1 mM AgNO3 using 1:2 v/v (C-FS : AgNO3). UV-vis absorption peak appeared at 425 nm and the crystalline nature of synthesized particles was verified by XRD. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of protein molecules that acted as reducing and stabilizing agents. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis exhibited an intense peak at 3 KeV, confirming the formation of AgNPs. Further, FE-SEM images prove AgNPs synthesis. TEM and AFM analysis demonstrated that fabricated AgNPs were relatively monodispersed, approximately spherical, and of size 2-7.5 nm. The growth and biofilm of nosocomial E. faecalis were significantly decreased by the action of AgNPs. Furthermore, antibiotic resistance genes, blaTEM, and blaCTX, were detected in E. faecalis; both genes were degraded enormously via 9 % AgNPs. This is the first study proposing alternative sources to form AgNPs via synergistic metabolites of F. solani and C. aquatica. The results here offer a foundation for developing an effective therapy using AgNPs against nosocomial pathogens.