bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient Binary Solvent Additive‐Processed Organic Solar Cells by the Blade‐Coating Method
Authors: Fo Wan‐Zhen , Xu Gui Ying , Dong Hao‐Jie , Liu Lin‐Na , Li Yao Wen , Ding Lei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBlade‐coating, a prototype tool for slot‐die coating is a promising technique showing high compatibility with large‐area roll‐to‐roll coating. Here, a high‐performance PM6:Y6‐based device is fabricated with chlorobenzene (CB) through a novel binary solvent additive (1‐chloronaphthalene (CN):diphenyl ether (DPE)). It can be found that the binary solvent additive can improve the crystallinity of the acceptor and forms a better phase separation domain, which would promote the effective separation of charge and inhibit charge recombination. As a result, high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.77% can be achieved with the spin‐coating method, which is similar to the best organic solar cells (OSCs) processed with chloroform (CF) solution. Moreover, a blade‐coated OSC is also processed with CB and demonstrates a promising PCE of 11.69% with large‐area device (1.2 cm2). These results are critical for the large‐scale production of highly efficient OSCs.
Shape Memory Polyurethane as a Drilling Fluid Lost Circulation Material
Authors: Lashkari Reza , Tabatabaei‐Nezhad Seyyed Alireza , Husein Maen M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDrilling fluid loss is a major problem with serious economic and environmental consequences. The use of traditional lost circulation materials (LCMs) to seal wide fractures increases the risk of bit nozzle plugging. In this work, smart LCMs based on shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) are proposed for the first time. SMPU can be programmed to recover at temperatures suited to a given well. As such, SMPU smoothly passes through the bit nozzles, while effectively seal wide fractures once activated. The SMPU is prepared by two step pre‐polymerization and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, X‐ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimeter. The SMPU is programmed by changing and fixing the original shape to a temporary shape through a thermo‐mechanical process. The shape memory behavior of SMPU is analyzed by tensile apparatus. Compatibility of SMPU with WBMs is determined from mud rheology and filtration tests. Fracture sealing efficiency and shape recovery of SMPU are evaluated by a modified particle permeability apparatus fitted with a model fracture. The results confirm high sealing and shape recovery attributes of SMPU. The plug formed at 114 kg m–3SMPU and 80 °C experiences a sealing pressure of 100 bar with 71.5 cm3cumulative fluid loss.
A Highly Controlled Organic–Inorganic Encapsulation Nanocomposite with Versatile Features toward Wearable Device Applications
Authors: Tang Ruijie , Yao Xiaoxue , Chen Jingyi , Sridar Sreepathy , He Xianglei , Pu Yuan , Wang Jie‐Xin , Wang Dan , Wang Steven 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUltraviolet‐curable polyurethane acrylate (PUA) materials can be used in a number of important applications spanning from microfluidics, surface patterning to wearable technology. For the first time, the potential of encapsulation of modified zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles is reported in PUA‐based hybrid films aimed to facilitate profoundly enhanced hardness and refractive index. By successfully manipulating the interfacial reaction conditions between ZrO2nanoparticles and PUA film, the PUA‐based nanocomposites exhibit an ultrahigh hardness of 9 and superior refractive index of 1.64 (589.3 nm). The outcomes obtained pave the way for seamless application of nanozirconia/PUA as a potent encapsulating material that provides structurally morphable, water resistant, and optically transparent light emitting diodes toward wearables devices in healthcare.
Computational NMR of charged systems
Authors: Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis review covers NMR computational aspects of charged systems—carbocations, heterocations, and heteroanions, which were extensively studied in a number of laboratories worldwide, first of all, at the Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute in California directed for several decades by a distinguished scientist, the Nobel laureate George Andrew Olah. The first part of the review briefly outlines computational background of the modern theoretical methods applied to the calculation of chemical shifts and spin–spin coupling constants at the DFT and the non‐empirical levels. The second part of the review deals with the historical results, advances, and perspectives of the computational NMR of classical carbocations like methyl cation, CH3+, and protonated methane, CH5+, together with their numerous homologs and derivatives. The third and the forth parts of this survey are focused on the NMR computational aspects of accordingly, heterocations and heteroanions, the organic and inorganic ions with a charge localized mainly on heteroatoms like boron, oxygen, nitrogen, and heavier elements.
Monomer Transport in Emulsion Polymerization II: Copolymerization
Authors: Schork F. Joseph 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe method for evaluating the Damkohler number for monomer transport during emulsion homopolymerization is extended to copolymerization. It is shown that monomers that are not monomer‐transport limited during homopolymerization may become more so during binary copolymerization, and monomers that are monomer‐transport limited during homopolymerization may become less so during binary copolymerization.
Body‐loop related MRI radiofrequency‐induced heating hazards: Observations, characterizations, and recommendations
Authors: Yang Xiaolin , Zheng Jianfeng , Wang Yu , Long Stuart A. , Kainz Wolfgang , Chen Ji 
Published: August 2021

PurposeTo assess RF‐induced heating hazards in 1.5T MR systems caused by body‐loop postures.MethodsTwelve advanced high‐resolution anatomically correct human body models with different body‐loop postures are created based on poseable human adult male models. Numerical simulations are performed to assess the radiofrequency (RF)‐induced heating of these 12 models at 11 landmarks. A customized phantom is developed to validate the numerical simulations and quantitatively analyze factors affecting the RF‐induced heating, eg, the contact area, the loop size, and the loading position. The RF‐induced heating inside three differently posed phantoms is measured.ResultsThe RF‐induced heating from the body‐loop postures can be up to 11 times higher than that from the original posture. The RF‐induced heating increases with increasing body‐loop size and decreasing contact area. The magnetic flux increases when the body‐loop center and the RF coil isocenter are close to each other, leading to increased RF‐induced heating. An air gap created in the body loop or generating a polarized magnetic field parallel to the body loop can reduce the heating by a factor of three at least. Experimental measurements are provided, validating the correctness of the numerical results.ConclusionSafe patient posture during MR examinations is recommended with the use of insulation materials to prevent loop formation and consequently avoiding high RF‐induced heating. If body loops cannot be avoided, the body loop should be placed outside the RF transmitting coil. In addition, linear polarization with magnetic fields parallel to the body loop can be used to circumvent high RF‐induced heating.
Liquid Biopsy and Radiological Response Predict Outcomes Following Discontinuation of Targeted Therapy in Patients with BRAF Mutated Melanoma
Authors: Di Guardo Lorenza , Randon Giovanni , Corti Francesca , Vallacchi Viviana , Raimondi Alessandra , Fucà Giovanni , Bini Marta , Maurichi Andrea , Patuzzo Roberto , Gallino Gianfrancesco , Mattavelli Ilaria , Ruggeri Roberta , Angi Martina , Cossa Mara , Valeri Barbara , Cimminiello Carolina , Santinami Mario , Rivoltini Licia , Braud Filippo , Rodolfo Monica , Vecchio Michele Del 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Outcomes of patients with metastatic melanoma discontinuing BRAF-targeted therapy for cumulative toxicity after sustained response are unknown.

Materials and Methods
This retrospective case series analysis conducted at a single Cancer Center in Italy included patients with BRAF mutated metastatic melanoma treated with a BRAF inhibitor as a single agent or in combination with a MEK inhibitor between June 1, 2011 and January 1, 2020 and interrupted treatment due to cumulative toxicity after achieving complete response (CR) or long-lasting partial response (PR; i.e. &gt;12 months).

Results
We included 24 patients with a median treatment duration of 59.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 55.4–63.4; range, 12–88). CR and PR were achieved in 71% and 29% of patients, respectively. At a median follow-up after treatment discontinuation of 37.8 months (95% CI, 33.7–41.9), the 12-month progression-free survival after discontinuation (dPFS) rate was 70.8% (95% CI 54.8–91.6) and 24-month dPFS rate was 58.3% (95% CI, 41.6–81.8). Baseline patient and tumor characteristics as well as treatment duration and best response did not significantly impact on dPFS. Patients with CR and negative circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) at time of discontinuation had a significantly improved dPFS compared with patients with either radiological residual disease or ctDNA positivity (p = .007). No patient in CR with undetectable ctDNA experienced progression.

Conclusion
The risk of progression is high even in patients with sustained sensitivity to BRAF/MEK inhibitors. Integration of liquid biopsy in clinical trials investigating the optimal management of patients with sustained sensitivity to BRAF/MEK inhibitors is warranted.

Implications for Practice
Outcomes of patients with metastatic melanoma discontinuing BRAF-targeted therapy for cumulative toxicity are unknown. This study analyzed patients with sustained responses (median treatment duration 59.4 months). Twelve- and 24-month progression-free survival following discontinuation were 70.8% and 58.3%, respectively. Complete response and negative circulating tumor DNA at time of discontinuation are promising prognostic biomarkers in this setting.
Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Metastatic Lesions: Reclassification of a Glioblastoma as an Endometrial Cancer Metastasis to the Brain
Authors: Leung Shuk On Annie , Foley Olivia , Chapel David , Da Silva Annacarolina , Nucci Marisa , Muto Michael G. , Campos Susana 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in the U.S., but metastasis to the brain is rare, and diagnosis can be challenging. Traditional tools for determining if a tumor is a primary or metastatic lesion include pan-imaging, histopathologic studies, and immunohistochemistry. Molecular testing with next-generation sequencing has been increasingly used to augment these tests. We present a case of a patient who initially presented with a brain lesion diagnosed as glioblastoma on histology and immunohistochemistry, but whose diagnosis was later changed to metastasis from an endometrial primary based on molecular findings. The two tumors shared a common microsatellite instability signature and 51 DNA variants, including oncogenic driver mutations KRAS p.G13D, PIK3CA p.E545A, and PTEN p.I135V and p.K267Rfs*9. This highlights the power of molecular analysis in making the diagnosis in cases of rare metastases.

Key Points
Brain metastasis from endometrial primary is rare, and histopathological features may be augmented with molecular analysis to aid in diagnosis. Comparison of the molecular makeup of the primary endometrial lesion with the metastatic lesion may reveal high-risk molecular features that may be indicative of metastatic potential.
Invasive fungal disease in children with acute myeloid leukaemia: An Australian multicentre 10‐year review
Authors: Yeoh Daniel K. , Moore Andrew S. , Kotecha Rishi S. , Bartlett Adam W. , Ryan Anne L. , Cann Megan P. , McMullan Brendan J. , Thursky Karin , Slavin Monica , Blyth Christopher C. , Haeusler Gabrielle M. , Clark Julia E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundInvasive fungal disease (IFD) is a common and important complication in children with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We describe the epidemiology of IFD in a large multicentre cohort of children with AML.MethodsAs part of the retrospective multicentre cohort TERIFIC (The Epidemiology and Risk factors for Invasive Fungal Infections in immunocompromised Children) study, proven/probable/possible IFD episodes occurring in children with primary or relapsed/refractory AML from 2003 to 2014 were analysed. Crude IFD prevalence, clinical characteristics, microbiology and treatment were assessed. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to estimate 6‐month survival.ResultsThere were 66 IFD episodes diagnosed in 63 children with AML. The majority (75.8%) of episodes occurred in the context of primary AML therapy. During primary AML therapy, the overall prevalence was 20.7% (95% CI 15.7%–26.5%) for proven/probable/possible IFD and 10.3% (95% CI 6.7%–15.0%) for proven/probable IFD. Of primary AML patients, 8.2% had IFD diagnosed during the first cycle of chemotherapy. Amongst pathogens implicated in proven/probable IFD episodes, 74.4% were moulds, over a third (37.9%) of which were non‐Aspergillus spp. Antifungal prophylaxis preceded 89.4% of IFD episodes, most commonly using fluconazole (50% of IFD episodes). All‐cause mortality at 6 months from IFD diagnosis was 16.7% with IFD‐related mortality of 7.6% (all in cases of proven IFD).ConclusionsIFD is a common and serious complication during paediatric AML therapy. Mould infections, including non‐Aspergillus spp. predominated in this cohort. A systematic approach to the identification of patients at risk, and a targeted prevention strategy for IFD is needed.
The association of lung function changes with outcomes in children with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Jung Sungsu , Yoon Hee Mang , Yoon Jisun , Park Minjee , Rhee Eun Sang , Kim Hyery , Koh Kyung Nam , Lee Jin Seong , Im Ho Joon , Yu Jinho 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundBronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is a life‐threatening respiratory complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although pulmonary function testing is crucial for monitoring BOS, little information exists on the association of these test results with outcomes in children with BOS.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between changes in lung function after BOS diagnosis and long‐term outcomes.MethodsA total of 428 children underwent allogeneic HSCT from January 2006 to December 2017 at Asan Medical Center. Twenty‐three (5.4%) were diagnosed with BOS after allogeneic HSCT, and their clinical data were reviewed. Twenty‐one subjects underwent regular pulmonary function testing for 24 months after BOS diagnosis.ResultsAmong the 21 children with BOS, 8 died, 5 underwent lung transplantation (TPL), and 15 required oxygen (O2) therapy. The FEV1% predicted (pred), FVC% pred, and FEF25%–75% pred were 37.8 ± 12.7% (mean ± SD), 62.2 ± 16.2%, and 16.4 ± 9.6%, respectively, at the time of BOS diagnosis. Changes in the FEV1% pred were greater in the death and lung TPL groups (−24.8 ± 22.3%) than in the survival without lung TPL group (5.7 ± 21.8%) and greater in the O2 therapy (−19.4 ± 23.4%) group than in the group without O2 therapy (14.2 ± 20.0%) during the first 3 months after BOS diagnosis.ConclusionThe change in FEV1 during the first 3 months after BOS diagnosis correlated with outcomes including survival, lung TPL, and O2 therapy. These results suggest that more active intervention in the first 3 months after BOS diagnosis may be needed to improve prognosis.
Synthesis and Characterization of Azido Esters as Green Energetic Plasticizers
Authors: Nešić Jovica , Cvijetić Ilija N. , Bogdanov Jovica , Marinković Aleksandar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThree azido‐esters based green energetic plasticizers were synthesized from their chlorides including DEGBAA (diethyleneglycol bis(azidoacetate)), DPGBAA (dipropyleneglycol bis(azidoacetate)) and HETTAA (hexanetriol tris(azidoacetate)). The syntheses were carried out in a two‐step process: the first step was esterification of glycol or triol using chloroacetyl chloride, and the second step was substitution of chloracetate with sodium azide that yields corresponding azido derivatives. The parameters of synthesis such as molar ratio of hydroxyl and acyl groups, and amount and type of solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl formamide) were optimized to achieve maximal conversion and purity of the products. The obtained products were characterized by elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and infrared vibrational spectroscopy (IR). Thermal and rheological properties were determined using DSC and Modular Compact Rheometer. Condensed phase heat of formation and several properties important for high‐energy materials were predicted from quantum chemical calculations using CBS‐4M method. Detonation and combustion performance of energetic compounds were calculated with the thermochemical computer code EXPLO5V06.05. using the predicted heats of formation and experimentally determined densities as input. The energetic and physical properties of the synthesized compounds were compared to the literature data for common plasticizers.
Optoelectronics of Color Centers in Diamond and Silicon Carbide: From Single‐Photon Luminescence to Electrically Controlled Spin Qubits
Authors: Fedyanin Dmitry Yu. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractColor centers in diamond, silicon carbide, and related materials have recently emerged as one of the most promising platforms for quantum technology applications. These optically active point defects in the crystal lattice demonstrate outstanding optical and spin properties at room and even higher temperatures, which can hardly be achieved using other quantum systems. For a long time, the host material was considered only as a mechanical carrier of color centers, and the fact that it is a semiconductor and, therefore, can contain high densities of electrons and holes, was ignored. However, recent studies have demonstrated that color centers can exchange electrons and holes with the valence or conduction bands of the host material, which enables novel functionalities, ranging from ultrabright electrically driven single‐photon sources to protected quantum memories. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding this interaction.
Nanotube‐Based 1D Heterostructures Coupled by van der Waals Forces
Authors: Cambré Sofie , Liu Ming , Levshov Dmitry , Otsuka Keigo , Maruyama Shigeo , Xiang Rong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract1D van der Waals heterostructures based on carbon nanotube templates are raising a lot of excitement due to the possibility of creating new optical and electronic properties, by either confining molecules inside their hollow core or by adding layers on the outside of the nanotube. In contrast to their 2D analogs, where the number of layers, atomic type and relative orientation of the constituting layers are the main parameters defining physical properties, 1D heterostructures provide an additional degree of freedom, i.e., their specific diameter and chiral structure, for engineering their characteristics. The current state‐of‐the‐art in synthesizing 1D heterostructures are discussed here, in particular focusing on their resulting optical properties, and details the vast parameter space that can be used to design heterostructures with custom‐built properties that can be integrated into a large variety of applications. First, the effects of van der Waals coupling on the properties of the simplest and best‐studied 1D heterostructure, namely a double‐walled carbon nanotube, are described, and then heterostructures built from the inside and the outside are considered, which all use a nanotube as a template, and, finally, an outlook is provided for the future of this research field.
Wölbsteifen und ihr Potenzial zur Versteifung biegedrillknickgefährdeter I‐Träger – eine Fallstudie
Authors: Weimar Carolin , Händler Pascal , Lange Jörg 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWölbsteifen bieten die Möglichkeit, auf Torsion belastete drillweiche I‐Träger durch die sogenannte Drillkopplung zu versteifen. In der Praxis ist das Biegedrillknicken, ein komplexes Stabilitätsversagen, besonders bei schlanken I‐Trägern häufig maßgebend für deren Bemessung. Die Wölbversteifung von I‐Trägern gegen Torsion hat auch auf den Biegedrillknickwiderstand einen positiven Einfluss. So können in den Trägerverlauf eingeschweißte Wölbsteifen das System derart versteifen, dass auf die Wahl größerer Trägerprofile verzichtet werden kann. Ausgehend von Wölbsteifen in Form von U‐Profilen kann deren Geometrie hinsichtlich Materialeinsparungen noch optimiert werden, ohne dass das Gesamtsystem signifikante Steifigkeitsverluste gegenüber den vollen U‐Profilen erfährt. In dieser Hinsicht stellt die additive Fertigung eine Alternative zur konventionellen Herstellung von Wölbsteifen dar. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt neben einem Überblick über Wölbsteifen anhand einer Fallstudie, inwiefern das ideelle Biegedrillknickmoment eines drillweichen Einfeld‐I‐Trägers durch Wölbsteifen erhöht werden kann. Betrachtet wird außerdem die Optimierung der Wölbsteifengeometrie und deren Auswirkung auf die Stabilität des Trägers.
Using value of information in quantitative set‐based design
Authors: Shallcross Nicholas J. , Parnell Gregory S. , Pohl Ed , Goerger Simon R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreasing system complexity requires that engineers, systems analysts, and program managers use comprehensive design methodologies to deliver affordable and resilient designs. One method is set‐based design (SBD), a product development and managerial process distinctly suited for developing complex systems under uncertainty. SBD simultaneously develops, analyzes, and matures numerous potential design sets, enabling the identification of high‐value, affordable, and resilient designs. Published SBD research is a rich source of both qualitative and quantitative methods. This research specifically focuses on quantitative SBD methods to apply a value of information (VOI) methodology enabling design convergence and selection. We build upon previous SBD research to enable design maturation and uncertainty reduction. Our methodology integrates design maturation and multiobjective VOI analysis into a comprehensive quantitative SBD process to guide system development from initial design concepts to the pre‐production design decision. In doing so, we also provide refinements and process improvements to existing quantitative SBD methods. We demonstrate our methodology with a model‐based UAV design case study using an integrated suite of system, value, and cost models. Our case study specifically focuses on the design maturation and model selection decisions enabling design space convergence. We compare our current results with those from a previous UAV case study, achieving a 41% reduction in required computation time for design space convergence. These results highlight the methodology's ability to reduce program risk and potential to improve SBD convergence efficiency.