bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of serum analytes in pregnant and non-pregnant dairy cows as indicators of pregnancy
Authors: Abbas S. , Yousaf M.S. , Ahmad I. , Rehman H. , Mahmood A.K. , Ashraf S. , Blouch R.S. , Shahzad A.H. , Nak Y. , Nak D. 
Published: January 2021

This study was conducted to reveal the dynamics of haematological indicators in pregnant and non-pregnant dairy cows. Sixty multiparous healthy dairy cows were divided into four groups based on the length of time they had been pregnant, namely first, second and third trimesters, and non-pregnant (n=15 each). Blood was collected from each animal, and serum was harvested and stored at -20 °C for biochemical profiling. Concentrations of serum total oxidants (TOC), ceruloplasmin oxidase (CpO) and triiodothyronine (T3) were higher (P <0.05) during the third trimester compared with non-pregnant cows. Serum arylesterase (Ary) concentration was lower (P <0.05) during the second and the third trimesters compared with the non-pregnant cows. The concentration of serum total homocysteine (tHcy) was higher (P <0.05) the third trimester compared with the first and the second trimesters. The concentrations of serum total antioxidants (TAC), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), thyroxine (T4), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were not different in the pregnant and the non-pregnant cows. Thus, TOC, Ary, CpO, tHcy and T3 could be taken as biological markers to assess the progression of pregnancy and to develop management tools to improve health status during late gestation in dairy cows
Keywords: ceruloplasmin, hepatic enzymes, late gestation, triiodothyronine
Evaluation of a new portable device that measures diameter of animal fibres
Authors: Quispe E.C. , Sacchero D. , Wuliji T. , Quispe M.D. 
Published: January 2021

Increasing production of animal fibres has increased the need for a portable instrument that measures fibre diameter and associated characteristics with precision and accuracy. This research evaluated a new portable fibre tester (PFT) by measuring the diameter and related characteristics of tops and scoured fibres of wool, alpaca, and vicuña. The PFT was constructed with integrated mechanical, optical, electronic, and informatic components. Textile tops of sheep wool, alpaca fibres, and mohair goat fibres were used as standard references to calibrate the PFT and determine its accuracy and precision. The results were compared with those from a wool industry standard instrument (OFDA2000) that uses similar technology. The PFT had high accuracy (-0.01, -0.12, and -0.01 μm) for average fibre diameter (AFD) of wool, alpaca, and mohair fibres, respectively. Deviations of standard tops (ST) were within industry-accepted tolerance ranges. Standard errors, indicating precision, were low, ranging from 0.07 to 0.25 μm, 0.02 to 0.44 μm, and 0.09 to 0.024 μm, for wool, alpaca, and mohair fibre tops, respectively. The correlations of measurements of AFD from the two instruments were 0.99 for wool, alpaca, and mohair fibres, but lower for vicuña fibres (0.82). No evidence of bias was observed. Therefore, the PFT may be used as an alternative instrument for measuring fibre diameter and quantifying variation in diameter of wool, mohair, and alpaca fibres. The PFT has appeal for use in the field for practical animal selection and fleece classification based on fibre characteristics.
Keywords: alpaca, fibre diameter, mohair, vicuña, wool
Politizaciones fronterizas: el “lugar” de las identidades sexuales disidentes en los espacios de la ciudad
Authors: Recalde Burgueño Laura 
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo es resultado de una investigación que buscó indagar sobre las formas de politización de las identidades sexuales y de género disidentes en ciudades del interior en los países de Uruguay y Argentina. Este texto recoge algunos de los hallazgos obtenidos y tiene como objetivo analizar cómo son politizadas las identidades disidentes por parte de lxs sujetxs en distintos lugares de la ciudad de Rivera (Uruguay). Partimos de preguntarnos cómo, en un contexto de garantías legales para esta población como es el caso de Uruguay, lxs sujetxs organizan su experiencia identitaria, qué fronteras espaciales y simbólicas podemos encontrar y cómo repercuten éstas en las trayectorias de las personas en su vida cotidiana y en particular en el goce de sus derechos.
La metodología utilizada, de índole cualitativa, articula la realización de entrevistas en profundidad y la observación participante, con una perspectiva etnográfica. Los hallazgos encontrados muestran cómo las formas de politizar las identidades por parte de lxs sujetxs no son homogéneas sino oscilantes, fronterizas. Se observa además cómo en los lugares de la ciudad se reproducen imaginarios sociosexuales excluyentes y desiguales basados en un orden cisexista y heterosexual que limita el ejercicio de los derechos humanos.
Evaluasi Spektrum Gelombang USG Doppler dan Kaitannya dengan Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) dan Faktor-Faktor Risiko pada pasien Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
Authors: Darwis Patrianef , Kler Faisal Ali Ahmad , Karina Karina , Telaumbanua Rizky Saputra 
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang. Salah satu komplikasi dari Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) adalah kerusakan tungkai bawah hingga tidak dapat digunakan untuk beraktifitas. Skrining dan penegakan diagnosis lebih awal diharapkan memberikan outcome yang lebih baik.
Metode. Penelitian studi potong lintang pada pasien PAD di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo dari Juli 2013-Desember 2014. Terdapat 119 pasien yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk memperoleh gambaran distribusi frekuensi masing-masing variabel bebas dan analisis bivariat untuk menilai hubungan antara variabel terikat. Uji Mann Whitney dilakukan untuk menganalisa hubungan antara spektrum gelombang DUS dan ABI pada pasien PAD.
Hasil. Didapatkan pasien PAD dengan nilai ABI rata-rata 0,7 dengan gambaran gelombang DUS yang berubah dari trifasik menjadi non-trifasik dominan pada arteri infrapopliteal. ABI di bawah 0.9 menunjukkan perubahan pada gelombang DUS dari arteri femoralis hingga a.dorsalis pedis dengan nilai p <0.05. Faktor risiko yang signifikan pada PAD adalah usia di atas 45 tahun. Terdapat hubungan signifikan dengan p<0,05 pada hubungan antara gelombang DUS, ABI dan beberapa faktor risiko PAD.
Kesimpulan. Derajat keparahan PAD dapat ditentukan melalui nilai ABI dan DUS. Letak oklusi pada segmen arteri dapat diketahui dengan gelombang DUS. Penilaian ABI dan DUS memiliki hubungan positif terhadap faktor risiko PAD.
The World Miraculous Characters in Vietnamese Fairy Tales Aspect of Languages – Ethnic in Scene South East Asia Region
Authors:   University of Labour and Social Aﬀairs, Vietnam, Nguyen Thi Dung 
Published: January 2021

Like other genres of folk literature, fairy tales of Vietnamese ethnicity with miraculous character systems become strongly influenced by Southeast Asia’s historical-cultural region. Apart from being influenced by farming, Buddhism, Confucianism, urbanism, Vietnamese fairy tales are deeply influenced by ethno-linguistic elements. Consequently, fairy tales do not preserve their root identities, but shift and emerge over time. The study investigates and classifies the miraculous tales of peoples of Vietnam with strange characters (fairies, gods, Buddha, devils) in linguistic and ethnographic groups, and in high-to-low ratios. Here the study expands on, evaluates, correlates, and differentiates global miraculous characters, and describes influences of creation of miraculous characters in these fairy tales. The author affirms the value of this character system within the fairy tales, and develops conceptions of global aesthetic views. To conduct the research, the author applies statistical methods, documentary surveys, type comparison methods, systematic approaches, synthetic analysis methods, and interdisciplinary methods (cultural studies, ethnography, psychoanalysis). The author conducted a reading of and referring to the miraculous fairy tales of the peoples of Vietnam with strange characters. 250 fairy tales were selected from 32 ethnic groups of Vietnam, which have the most types of miraculous characters, classifying these according to respective language groups, through an ethnography. The author compares sources to determine characteristics of each miraculous character, and employs system methods to understand the components of characters. The author analyzes and evaluates the results based on the results of the survey and classification. Within the framework of the article, the author focuses on the following two issues; some general features of the geographical conditions and history of Vietnam in the context of Southeast Asia’s ancient and medieval periods were observed; a survey was conducted of results of virtual characters in the fairy tales of Vietnam from the perspective of language, yet accomplished through an ethnography. The results of the study indicate a calculation and quantification of magical characters in the fairy tales of Vietnamese. This study contributes to the field of Linguistic Anthropology in that it presents the first work to address the system of virtual characters in the fairy tales of Vietnam in terms of language, while it surveys different types of material, origins formed, and so forth.
Television in the Tay-Nung Language in Vietnam
Authors:   University of Education - Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam, Nguyen Thi Nhung , Nguyen Thi Minh Thu ,   University of Education - Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam
Published: January 2021

Broadcasting and television are two popular types of media, with more audience than other types of media in Viet Nam today. Tay-Nung is a common language of two ethnic groups with the largest population of ethnic minorities in Viet Nam. Research on broadcasting and television in the Tay-Nung language is importance research, involving both journalism and the science of language. On the basis of surveys on the state of broadcasting in Tay-Nung language and the attitude, needs and aspirations of the Tay and Nung ethnicity on this activity, this article aims to describe and evaluate the current status of broadcasting in the Tay-Nung language, thereby proposing ways and means to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of broadcasting in Tay- Nung language. The main methods used in this study are a scientific observation method, a sociological survey method (interviews, discussions, investigation by questionnaires), method of description (analytical, statistical, classification, systematization) and a comparison method. Research data is collected from relevant documents and from the use of sociological survey methods. The subject of the article is the broadcast in Tay-Nung language activities in Viet Nam at present. This subject is considered in the following aspects; the places, the levels of broadcasting and television; the choice and use of language / dialect; attitude, needs and aspirations of the recipients, and some ways and solutions to be implemented. Research results of the project will help the Ministry of Information and Communication, in radio and television, to develop specific suggestions on the choice of type and level of communication. At the same time, the Viet Nam has also suggested the development of policies related to communication in ethnic minority languages. Raising the effectiveness of broadcasting in the Tay-Nung language will contribute to the preservation of language and culture; will improve quality of life for the Tay and Nung ethnicity and will contribute to sustainable development of nations in the renewal period. The work will inform work by the State, the Ministry of Information and Communication, should the State and the Ministry of Information and Communications pay attention to this timely guidance. Results will contribute to studies on communication in ethnic minority languages in Viet Nam or on communication in Tày Nùng in Southeast Asia.
Research on Tay Ethnic Minority Literature in Vietnam Under Cultural View
Authors:   Thai Nguyen University of Education, Vietnam, Cao Thi Hao 
Published: January 2021

The Tay people are an ethnic minority of Vietnam. Tay literature has many unique facets with relevance to cultural identity. It plays an important part in the diversity and richness of Vietnamese literature. In this study, Tay literature in Vietnam is analyzed through a cultural perspective, by placing Tay literature in its development from its birth to the present, together with the formation of the ethnic group, and historical and cultural conditions, focusing on the typical customs of the Tay people in Vietnam. The researcher examines Tay literature through poems of Nôm Tày, through the works of some prominent authors, such as Vi Hong, Cao Duy Son, in the Cao Bang province of Vietnam. Cao Bang is home to many Tay ethnic people and many typical Tay authors. The research also locates individual contributions of those authors and their works in terms of artistic language use and cultural symbolic features of the Tay people. In terms of art language, the article isolates the unique use of Nôm Tay characters to compose stories which affect the traditional Tay luon, sli, and so forth, and hence the use of language that influences poetry and proverbs of Tay people in the story of Vi Hong, Cao Duy Son. Assuming a symbolic framework, the article examines the symbols of birds and flowers in Nôm Tay poetry and the composition of Vi Hong, Cao Duy Son, so to point out the uniqueness of the Tay identity. The above research issue is necessary to help us better appreciate the cultural values preserved in Tay literature, thereby, affirming the unique cultural identity of the Tay people and planning to preserve and develop these unique cultural features from which emerges the risk of falling into oblivion in modern social life in Vietnam. In addition, this is also a research direction that can be extended to Thai, Mong, Dao, etc, ethnic minorities in Vietnam.
Sustainably–Speaking Yoga: Comparing Sanskrit in the 2001 and 2011 Indian Censuses
Authors:   Kyoto University, Japan, McCartney Patrick ,   Nanzan University, Japan,   Australian National University, Australia
Published: January 2021

Sanskrit is considered by many devout Hindus and global consumers of yoga alike to be an inspirational, divine, ‘language of the gods’. For 2000 years, at least, this middle Indo-Aryan language has endured in a post-vernacular state, due, principally, to its symbolic capital as a liturgical language. This presentation focuses on my almost decade-long research into the theo-political implications of reviving Sanskrit, and includes an explication of data derived from fieldwork in ‘Sanskrit-speaking’ communities in India, as well as analyses of the language sections of the 2011 census; these were only released in July 2018. While the census data is unreliable, for many reasons, but due mainly to the fact that the results are self reported, the towns, villages, and districts most enamored by Sanskrit will be shown. The hegemony of the Brahminical orthodoxy quite often obfuscates the structural inequalities inherent in the hierarchical varṇa-jātī system of Hinduism. While the Indian constitution provides the opportunity for groups to speak, read/write, and to teach the language of their choice, even though Sanskrit is afforded status as a scheduled (i.e. recognised language that is offered various state-sponsored benefits) language, the imposition of Sanskrit learning on groups historically excluded from access to the Sanskrit episteme urges us to consider how the issue of linguistic human rights and glottophagy impact on less prestigious and unscheduled languages within India’s complex linguistic ecological area where the state imposes Sanskrit learning. The politics of representation are complicated by the intimate relationship between consumers of global yoga and Hindu supremacy. Global yogis become ensconced in a quite often ahistorical, Sanskrit-inspired thought-world. Through appeals to purity, tradition, affect, and authority, the unique way in which the Indian state reconfigures the logic of neoliberalism is to promote cultural ideals, like Sanskrit and yoga, as two pillars that can possibly create a better world via a moral and cultural renaissance. However, at the core of this political theology is the necessity to speak a ‘pure’ form of Sanskrit. Yet, the Sanskrit spoken today, even with its high and low registers, is, ultimately, various forms of hybrids influenced by the substratum first languages of the speakers. This leads us to appreciate that the socio-political components of reviving Sanskrit are certainly much more complicated than simply getting people to speak, for instance, a Sanskritised register of Hindi.
The Change Laboratory in CLIL settings: Foregrounding the Voices of East Asian Students
Authors:   Akita International University, Japan, Reid James 
Published: January 2021

I propose that the Change Laboratory is an underutilized intervention research methodology that can be used to foreground the voices, needs and rights of East Asian students taking English Medium Instruction classes predicated on the Western Socratic learning habitus. In particular, I relate the Change Laboratory methodology to a specific type of EMI pedagogy known as CLIL, Content Language Integrated Learning. What separates CLIL courses from content-based language learning and other forms of EMI, is the planned integration of the ‘4Cs’ of content, cognition, communication and culture into teaching and learning practice (Coyle et al., 2010). CLIL pedagogy aims to motivate and empower students in learner-centered classrooms. However, student voices have not often been foregrounded in research. The Change laboratory (Virkkunen and Newnham, 2013) is an intervention research methodology that can empower students with regard to course design. It applies a “Vygotskyan developmental approach in real-world, collective, organizational settings” (Bligh and Flood, 2015) and is therefore in accordance with CLIL pedagogy underpinned by the constructivist ideas of Bruner, Vygotsky and Piaget. There is much potential for the Change Laboratory to be used in course design as it focuses on how “institutional forms actually unfold locally” (Bligh and Flood, 2015) and has the ability to “develop the transformative agency of marginalized voices in higher education” (Bligh and Flood, 2015). Thus, I argue that Change Laboratory interventions can reduce linguistic imperialism, or perceptions thereof, in English Medium Instruction or CLIL settings in East Asia. They can help investigate the perception of cultural habitus – Confucian and Socratic – that may affect learning dispositions and in doing so redesign courses that better fit the needs of learners.
Wayang Properties in The Use of Indonesian and Javanese
Authors:   Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia, Wijana I Dewa Putu 
Published: January 2021

“Wayang” (puppet) is one of the most popular traditional performances in Indonesia. The story, originally from India, has undergone transformations, and the Indonesian people have regarded it as their own, instead of foreign to the community. More over, for many Indonesian people, wayang stories differ to other stories in that they present ethics and moral teachings as an important provisions for way of life. The central role played by wayang renders wayang properties easily accessible in many aspects of social life, and the use of language is no exception. This paper will accordingly discuss the properties of wayang reflected in the use of Indonesian and Javanese. The data are collected through observing the use of Indonesian and Javanese for talking and discussing wayang matters and referring, naming, or comparing everything surrounding their lives. The data are further classified on the basis of their speech type modalities. As far as the wayang properties are concerned, there are at least three types of language use, i.e. literal, metaphorical, and symbolic. These types of languages are used by society for referring, symbolizing, and comparing various social aspects, states, and activities of a community’s daily life. All of these matters have not so far been revealed by scholars who use wayang as the object of their study (Nurhayati, 2005 and Hazim, 1991). More specifically, the use of wayang properties as the source domains of metaphorical expressions has not been discussed by linguists who have conducted significant studies on metaphors (Wahab (1990, 5) and Wijana (2016, 56-67)
Giving People a Voice
Authors:   Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, Skyllstad Kjell 
Published: January 2021

Scandinavian countries, in particular northern Scandinavia, have developed unique sociolinguistic frameworks which aim to preserve local indigenous languages. These models have acted to protect the cultural heritages of these ethnicities. As such, these models of preservation have offered a framework to be applied to other contexts, and hence in regions where language and cultural preservation and revitalization have become a salient factor. This current study presents an evaluation of the Norwegian State Action Plan for the preservation of indigenous languages in the region of tribal northern Scandinavia. The study produces the several recommendations as a comparative framework between northern Scandinavia and ASEAN countries. With respect to education, the study suggests establishing kindergartens for tribal children led by tribal communities, developing teacher training programs for indigenous instructors, developing educational materials and curricular guides in the local languages, establishing networks of distance learning, arranging language and cultural learning summer camps for tribal children and youth, and mapping mother tongue illiteracy among adults so as to assist in the action planning of these projects. With respect to the daily use of languages, the study suggests a development of interpreter training programs, the implementation procedures for translation of official documents, the development of minority language proficiency in the health services and judicial system, incorporating indigenous language in digital technologies and likewise promoting digital literacy, developing dictionaries for minority languages, and instigating the promotion of place names in local languages. The study employs a literature analysis, and a comparison of contexts, to determine the appropriation and effectiveness of the application of the Scandinavian preservation system to ASEAN. The study contributes to thought in Linguistic Anthropology, in that it suggests that, despite the uniqueness of sociolinguistic practices, preservation methods and government mandates may, at least in part, offer transferability.
Managing university degree programmes acceditation in the era of economic recession in Nigeria
Authors: Ahaotu Godwin Ndubuisi  , Ogunode Niyi Jacob  
Published: January 2021

The economic recession experienced in Nigeria between 2015/2017 was a great concern to the management of the university system especially with shortfall in the prices of oil and gas in the global market. It would not be an understatement to say that, Nigeria university degree programmes accreditation would suffer because funding of these programmes comes from oil and gas revenue due to Nigeria mono-economy. It is evidently glaring that managing programmes accreditation during this dispensation would be affected in no small measure due to the economic recession. In view of the above, this paper would examine the following: the concept of university management, university programmes, programmes accreditation, objectives of accreditation, accreditation instrument, criteria for programme accreditation, challenges of accreditation, sources of funding university degree programmes, economic recession and its effect on university management, recommendations and conclusion.