bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of web resources using cloud technologies to demonstrate and organize students’ research work
Authors: Hevko I V , Lutsyk I B , Lutsyk I I , Potapchuk O I , Borysov V V 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe possibility of increasing the efficiency of research work of students by introducing specialized web applications for group work and presentation of research results is substantiated. The main directions of using web resources in research work are determined. Possibilities of cloud services for the organization of cooperation of teachers and students on scientific projects are opened. The expediency of creating specialized websites and mobile applications to present research results is emphasized. Requirements for the content of web resources used for the presentation and organization of research activities of students, which should provide the ability to manage research projects, communication between all participants in the learning process, as well as providing the necessary scientific and methodological materials are determined. An interactive prototype of a specialized site and a corresponding mobile application has been created, which contains files and services necessary for coverage of research areas and activities of collective scientific work at the department. An experimental study of the effectiveness of using a specialized web service has been carried out. The final survey of the students involved in the experiment indicates a significant increase in the number of students interested in scientific work. This confirms the expediency of using the proposed resources for the development of research work.
Digital transformation in society: key aspects for model development
Authors: Morze N V , Strutynska O V 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe paper is devoted to the analysis of the digital transformation processes that are currently taking place in the economy, production, education and society as a whole. The main reason digital transformation is impact of the digital technologies. Modern digital technologies, services and systems are extremely important for social development. One of the key issues for the implementation of digital transformation is changes in the way of thinking and requirements for the competencies of workers in the industry. First of all, it is connected with people’s understanding of digital transformation processes and with their ability to use digital technologies effectively. For specifying Ukrainian educators’ awareness level about digital transformation processes, there were conducted survey. Research results have shown that there is a need to increase their awareness level about digital transformation processes. Based on the analysis of the considered researches the authors have developed a generalized model of digital transformation for enterprises, businesses and educational institutions.
Programming sequential motion steps in 4D-printed hygromorphs by architected mesostructure and differential hygro-responsiveness
Authors: Tahouni Yasaman , Krüger Friederike , Poppinga Simon , Wood Dylan , Pfaff Matthias , Rühe Jürgen , Speck Thomas , Menges Achim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Through their anisotropic cellular mesostructure and differential swelling and shrinking properties, hygroscopic plant structures move in response to changes in the environment without consuming metabolic energy. When the movement is choreographed in sequential time steps, either in individual structures or with a coordinated interplay of various structural elements, complex functionalities such as dispersal and protection of seeds are achieved. Inspired by the multi-phase motion in plant structures, this paper presents a method to physically program the timescale and the sequences of shape-change in 4D-printed hygromorphic structures. Using the FDM 3D-printing method, we have developed multi-layered, multi-material functional bilayers that combine highly hygroscopic active layers (printed with hygroscopic bio-composite materials) with hydrophobic restrictive and blocking layers (printed with PLA and TPC materials). The timescale of motion is programmed through the design of the mesostructured layers and 3D-printing process parameters, including thickness (number of printed active layers), porosity (filling ratio of the active layer), and water permeability (filling ratio of the blocking layer). Through a series of experiments, it is shown that the timescale of motion can be extended by increasing the thickness of the active layer, decreasing the porosity of the active layer, or increasing the filling ratio of the hydrophobic restrictive and blocking layers. Similarly, a lower thickness of the active layer and lower filling ratio of all layers result in a faster motion. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate several prototypes that exhibit sequential motion, including an aperture with overlapping elements where each completes its movement sequentially to avoid collision, and a self-locking mechanism where defined areas of the structure are choreographed to achieve a multi-step self-shaping and locking function. The presented method extends the programmability and the functional capabilities of hygromorphic 4D-printing, allowing for novel applications across fields such as robotics, smart actuators, and adaptive architecture.
The M-LED platform: advancing electricity demand assessment for communities living in energy poverty
Authors: Falchetta Giacomo , Stevanato Nicolò , Moner-Girona Magda , Mazzoni Davide , Colombo Emanuela , Hafner Manfred 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Globally about 800 million people live without electricity at home, over two thirds of which are in sub-Saharan Africa. Planning electricity access infrastructure and allocating resources efficiently requires a careful assessment of the diverse energy needs across space, time, and sectors. Because of data scarcity, most country or regional-scale electrification planning studies have however assumed a spatio-temporally homogeneous (top-down) potential electricity demand. Poorly representing the heterogeneity in the potential electricity demand across space, time, and energy sectors can lead to inappropriate energy planning, inaccurate energy system sizing, and misleading cost assessments. Here we introduce M-LED, a Multi-sectoral Latent Electricity Demand geospatial data processing platform to estimate electricity demand in communities that live in energy poverty. The platform shows how big data and bottom-up energy modelling can be leveraged together to represent the potential electricity demand with high spatio-temporal and sectoral granularity. We apply the methodology to Kenya as a country-study and devote specific attention to the implications for water-energy-agriculture-development interlinkages. A more detailed representation of the demand-side in large-scale electrification planning tools bears a potential for improving energy planning and policy.
Urban expansion in Baghdad governorate and its impact on increasing pollution Under constancy the stability of the infrastructure
Authors: Alsaffar Nibras Mohammed 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The continued increase in the population, one of the enormous problems of the world’s people and the problem of accelerated population growth, is the cause of any other problem and the aim of the research is to measure the urbanization (modern housing complexes), its impact on the national electrical grid, the waste water disposal and treatment system, the capacity to raise and process waste, the collection plants and their impact on infrastructure, although they have been stable over the last three years of research and have been collected from statistical data of the Central Statistical Organization/Statistics Section, data of the Baghdad Secretariat and data of the Ministry of Reconstruction and Housing.
Survey of clinical and environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates for putative virulence factors and cytotoxicity of extracellular products to a CHO-K1 cell line
Authors: Kadhim Hadaf Mahdi , Munn C. B. , Gilpin M. L. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The halophilic bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus is widely distributed as a natural inhabitant of marine and estuarine environments throughout the world. Many strains are avirulent in humans, but virulent strains are the causative agent of gastroenteritis acquired through consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked seafood. Therefore, it is likely that most V. parahaemolyticus isolates from the marine environment are harmless to humans. Virulent isolates are difficult to differentiate from the majority of avirulent environmental isolates. A total of 55 V. parahaemolyticus isolates (22 clinical, 31 environmental and 2 reference strains) were examined for the carriage of plasmids, whole cell protein profiles; their haemolytic, lipase, phospholipase, protease and urease activities; and the cytotoxicity of their extracellular products (ECPs). Analysis of variance for V. parahaemolyticus isolates showed that Kanagawa haemolysis, phospholipase, protease and urease activities were significantly related to cytotoxicity as assayed by measuring relative extracellular lactate dehydrogenase as an indicator of damage of CHO-K1 cells. The difference between the mean values of cytotoxicity of ECPs of clinical and environmental isolates was significant at a p value of < 0.05.
Effect of Fungicides on Enzymatic Activity and Oxidative Stress Index for Three Species of Brassicaceae Plants
Authors: Jameel Dhafir A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A pots experiment was conducted under the conditions of Al-Diwaniyah Governorate climate in a special nursery was specially constructed for the experiment during the autumn season (2017 - 2018) in order to determine the effect of various fungicides concentrations spraying on enzymatic activity and growth indicators for three species of Brassicaceae plants. The design of the experiment was randomized complete blocks (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement consisting of two factors with three replicates (3 plant species × 11 fungicides concentrations × 3 replicates); the first factor of three species of Brassicaceae plants: Arugula (Eruca sativa Mill.), Radish (Raphanus
sativus L.) and Garden cress (Lepidium
sativum L.), while the second factor included eleven concentrations of fungicides (Bayfidan, Tapsen 50 and Sigal). The mean of the treatments was compared with a significant difference in the use of less significant difference (LSD) when referred to significant effect at P ≤ 0.05 probability level, the results showed the superiority of radish plant on arugula and garden cress by statistically significant in enzymatic activity of α-amylase and protease. While the increase of enzymatic activity of polyphenol oxidase and concentration of MDA for arugula plant compared to radish or garden cress, and the latter had the most catalase activity and significant in terms of arugula and radish. The significant effect of triple mixture of fungicide treatment (Bayfidan + Tapsen 50 + Sigal) in increasing the enzymatic activity of the majority of enzymes and MDA, except for the enzymatic effect of catalase which was reduced by the treatment of different fungicides concentrations. Significant interference between plants and fungicides returned with positive statistical results by recording the treatment with the triple mixture of fungicides (Bayfidan + Tapsen 50 + Sigal) achieved the highest enzymatic activity of polyphenol oxidase and protease, as well as MDA concentration in arugula plant.
Co-Relationship between some Sex Hormones and pregnant women who Infected by Toxoplasmosis in Al-Qadisiyah Province
Authors: Kareem Aqeel Abbas , Shubber Habeeb Waseal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is a widely prevalent in human and vertebrate animals. A great range effects of toxoplasmosis has been studied, but there are still unknown aspects which must be explored. The present study investigates some changes in testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in pregnant women with toxoplasmosis using MINI-VIDAS technique. A total number of 125 positive toxoplasmosis pregnant women and 50 healthy pregnant women were involved. The results showed that pregnant women with Toxoplasmosis revealed non-significant high levels of testosterone and LH (0.40 ng/ml, 1.66 mIU/ml)respectively, and non-significant low levels of FSH (1.28 mIU/ml) in compared to non toxoplasmic pregnant women (0.35 ng/ml, 1.50 mIU/ml, 2.11mIU/ml). These findings suggested that chronic infection with T. gondii has no association with significant changes of these hormones in pregnant women.
Estimating of the optical turbulence profile for clear sky over Baghdad
Authors: Al-Rbayee Thoalfaqar , Al-Jiboori Monim H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Study of optical turbulence profile represented by refractive index structure through the atmosphere has several effects on the propagation of light, free space optics, degradation of images taken by telescopes. Based on the routine meteorological data taken from radiosonde such as air pressure, air temperature and wind speed, this study presents

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profiles for clear sky four days at time 12 pm of year 2019, which are chosen at different seasons: winter, spring, summer and autumn. The results show that these profiles have large values near the ground and gradually drop to low values. Also these profiles have large values in winter and after 17 km height they drop steeply and unify to same trend and magnitudes.
Detection the effect of rifampicin concentration on the level of hepatic enzymes in white rats
Authors: Ghazzay Ali A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The present paper aimed to detect the effects of rifampicin on the enzymatic activity of some liver enzymes (GPT, GOT, ALP). 40 adult male rats were used in this study, randomly divided into four equal groups for each drug, control group and three groups administrated GOTric dose - Low, medium and high (50, 100, 150 mg/kg) for a period of 28 days, and the rat’s weights averaged from 225 - 260 g at the age of 5 months, after which blood was drawn from animals for the purpose of obtaining the serum for the required functional tests, which is to measure the level of liver enzymes GPT, GOT. ALP. The results of the current study recorded a significant increase (P <0.05) in the level of enzymes (GPT, GOT, ALP) in groups of rats treated with rifampicin drug compared with the control group.
Synthesis, Characterization and Structural Studies of Di benzyl dithiocarbamate and Use Them in CPE
Authors: Alkhikany Abd-Al-Baqer , Award Nadhum A. N. , Musa Hanaa K. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study the Cloud Point Extraction has been used as a separation technique that uses a surfactant instead of organic solvents for phase separation. CPE has been alsoutilized as a pre-concentration strategy prior to the determination of trace levels of Copper and Nickel ions in water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Di benzyl dithiocarbamate have beenprepared from amines in the presence of sodium salts and carbon disulfide. The prepared compounds were characterized by means of Elemental Analysis, IR, 1H NMR, Mass, and CHN spectroscopy. Application of the Cloud Point Extraction formation of the complexes dithiocarbamate with Copper and Nickel has been investigated, which was characterized by (UV-Vis), where it has been shown a stoichiometry of the complex. When Its ratio was 1:2, the results were identical to what is expected scientifically after studying the optimal experimental conditions. Then, the optimal conditions for the Cloud Point Extraction such as pH of the aqueous solution, concentration of the DDTC, amount of the surfactant, incubation temperature and time was covered. Under the optimal experimental conditions with a limit of detection, LOD at 0.012μg/ml, limit of quantization, LOQ, of 0.04μg/ml, and sensitivity of 5*10−3. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of trace levels of lead ion in samples electrical power plant water.
Preparing and diagnosing the biological activity of some metallic complexes with ligand 4-Benzophenol Azopyrogallol(4)
Authors: Alwan Nawras A. , Kadam Zeina M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Conducted a study of preparation, diagnosis and study of biological activity of Ligand 4(4-Benzophenol Azopyrogallol) The two-tooth containing the two groups of nitrogen with two similar rings, and the goal of the research is to prepare the ligand above, and after that to prepare the azo-ligand complexes above with the salts of the metal ions selected with a positive charge at fixed rates Sr (II), pb (II), Cd (II), and these compounds were diagnosed with FTIR, UV and XRD, and the fungal activity of ligand and its complexes were diagnosed for staph, E-coli and fungus species. Aspergullus, and some complexes have shown to have antifungal and bacterial efficacy.
Measurement the Heavy Elements of Phragmites australis and Syllibium marianum in Hor Al- Dalmaj, Southern Iraq
Authors: Kandoh Ahmed Alaa , Abed Salwan Ali 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An environmental study was conducted in Hor Al-Dalmaj in order to determine some heavy metals in two plant species. The study period started from summer 2019 to winter 2020 included measuring the concentration of three heavy elements, (lead, cadmium and copper) for two types of aquatic plants (Phragmites australis and Syllibium marianum), for two seasons summer and winter. The results of measurement of the concentration of heavy elements are shown, the highest average concentration of elemental Lead was 63.51 ppm in the reed plant Phragmites australis during the winter season. For Cadmium concentrations, the highest concentration in plants was 0.434 ppm in thistle Syllibium marianum samples during the winter season. The concentration of the copper element in the plant samples reached the highest significant concentration of 20.84 ppm in the reed plant Phragmites australis during the summer. The element concentrations in the models were estimated with the English made Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Buck 210 VGP. The result and levels obtained from the study were higher than the cheeks allowed by the world health organization (WHO) for drinking water.
Zeolite Catalyst from Agricultural Wastes for Aviation Fuel Production from Wastes: A review
Authors: Al-Mgoter Zainab Hayder , Jazie Ali A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Zeolite is a flexible and essential material for the climate that can be manufactured using inorganic wastes such as natural clay, fly ash, and ash of rice husk, Aviation fuel production derived environmental waste which includes the following major waste are covered in this review which are triglyceride-containing sources of biomass, Lignocellulosic sources of biomass and Starchy and Sugar sources of biomass. the different synthesis methods of Zeolite which include the Conventional methodology, Conventional Synthesis from Industrial Wastes, Synthesis in situ from Wastes of Industry, Synthesis of Industrial Wastes with the Aid of Microwaves, Synthesis of Agricultural Wastes in-Situ and, Synthesis of Agricultural Wastes with the Use of Microwaves are investigated also.
Removing some heavy elements from their chemical solutions by benzimidazole azo reagent
Authors: Walli Hazim A. , Mohammed Hasan Shamran , Jasim Afrah Rheem 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this articl, we synthezied an azo- benzimidazole reagent to remove the lead and cadmium ions from therir solutions. The yeled of the reagent was high reching 80%. The infrared spectroscopy refres to exit important groups such as hydroxy, N-H, C=N, C=C and azo group which give the color for the regeant. The X-RD spectroscopy indicates crystaline nature of the azo- benzimidazole reagent. The azo- benzimidazole reagent exhibted amisaing ability to remove the cadmium ions in large range of the concentrations and at low concentrations of lead ions with high sensetivity.
Activating the ecological role of urban management tasks in the city environment
Authors: Muafeq Hadeel , Ghalib Ghada , Gaefer Ali 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
That the city and its development and the growth of environmental problems in it generated the use of methods that help reduce urban problems, as they were used for planning directives in developed countries to adopt the concepts of modern urban construction for the environment that preserves the right of nature and man, using systems that work to sustain and achieve the system of integrated urban performance and a section of the system Natural performance, as is the practice in eco-cities, and from the contemporary modern directives in urban planning, there is an ecological phenomenon, which helps ecosystems by reducing the negative effects of the urban environment. And that the absence of interest in the urban environment of the city, testing the existence of an integrated urban structure for the city, following the methods and objectives of urban ecosystems in planning and designing the city and reducing the problems of the urban environment, and the formation of environmentally friendly complexes that achieve the goals of an integrated urban environment based on the foundations of the ecosystems taken from laws, foundations and standards that seek to preserve The natural structure, achieving the objectives of urban management and preserving the environment and forming an integrated environmentally friendly urban construction and adopting it locally by adopting the methods and methods used in planning and designing the eco-friendly city.
Genotypic detection of GES and VEB extended spectrum β-lactamase among aerobic Gram-negative bacteria isolated from diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Lukey Najah Mahdi , Abbas Fatima Moeen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective : Gram-negative bacteria with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) genes are of concern due to their susceptibility to multi-drug resistance. The goal of this research is to investigate the gene coding of resistance of ESBLs encoded by the VEB gene and GES gene to modern β-lactams. Method : seventy wound swabs were taken from diabetic foot ulcer patients in period from October (2019) to February (2020). The collected samples were cultured on different media agar to identify by morphological, biochemical tests and Vitek 2 system. To determine VEB gene and GES gene using the methodology of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the isolated bacteria. Result : a total of 50 Gram negative bacteria. The distribution of VEB gene was Proteus ssp. 7, Morganella morganii.ssp. 2, Klebsiella oxytoca 1, Acinetobacter baumannii 2. While the GES gene distribution was Escherichia coli 1, Proteus
ssp 1, Morganella morganii. ssp 4, Acinetobacter baumannii 1. Conclusion : The VEB gene and GES gene plays an important role in the resistance to new β-lactams of ESBL-producing isolates.