bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baza noclegowa jako czynnik rozwoju regionów w Polsce
Authors: Sala Krzysztof 
Published: February 2021

Celem publikacji jest przedstawienie złożoności zjawisk związanych z wpływem bazy noclegowej na politykę regionalną. Artykuł prezentuje znaczenie bazy noclegowej, a w szczególności hotelarskiej, dla rozwoju województw w Polsce. Ukazuje historyczny rozwój bazy noclegowej w kontekście znaczenia na rynku regionalnym. Tłumaczy jej rolę jako istotnego i ważnego elementu wpływającego na współczesną sytuację regionów w naszym kraju, a także jako kluczowej szansy na zmianę bieżącego często niekorzystnego stanu gospodarczego. W publikacji przedstawiono wpływ bazy hotelarskiej na sytuację w miastach i na wsiach. Turystyka oraz powiązane z nią hotelarstwo coraz częściej stają się instrumentem polityki regionalnej, aktywizacji społeczeństw lokalnych oraz budowy podstaw rozwoju gospodarczego. Należy tutaj również dodać wpływ na świadomość społeczną, identyfikację i postawy społeczne, rozwój zrównoważony oraz działania na rzecz podwyższania konkurencyjności i atrakcyjności regionów. W publikacji, oprócz prezentacji analizy danych statystycznych i dostępnych materiałów dotyczących rozwoju bazy noclegowej, oceniono również zachodzące w niej zmiany, a także podjęto próbę prognozy rozwoju bazy noclegowej w Polsce, w obliczu nowej sytuacji gospodarczej. Prognozy, której charakter w dużym stopniu będzie uzależniony od napływu inwestycji zagranicznych, powstawania nowych firm czy opłacalności zaciągania kredytów. Nie bez znaczenia będzie również rozwój sytuacji gospodarczej na świecie i w Polsce, integracja kolejnych krajów z Unią Europejską czy też napływ środków unijnych w ramach regionalnych programów operacyjnych. Na podstawie wyników analiz i studiów prezentowanych w tekście można wysnuć wniosek, że baza noclegowa w kluczowy sposób zmienia rzeczywistość gospodarczą regionów i przyczynia się do poprawy ich sytuacji ekonomicznej. Dotyczy to zarówno obszarów miejskich, jak i obszarów wiejskich, które w większym stopniu różnią od średniego poziomu rozwoju kraju.
Strategie globalne a nowe formy organizacji przedsiębiorstw transnarodowych
Authors: Tobolska Anna 
Published: February 2021

The paper presents an analysis of many basic variants of organisational structures that can be applied by enterprises operating in today.s international arena. In the case of international firms, the structure depends on the level of internationalisation of their operations and the strategy adopted: multinational, global or transnational. As an example a tensor structure is presented, based on empirical studies of the organisational structure of the corporation EXIDE Technologies. Global structures should be distinguished from those of transnational organisations, whose features, according to Bartlett and Ghoshal.s conception, are global integration and the ability to respond to a local situation. The structures of such transnational corporations assume formally a multidimensional shape which ensures the integration and co-ordination of operations through a combination of global departments manufacturing particular lines of products with regional ones. On the other hand, owing to flexible integration processes, interdependence and dispersal of skills, and a multidimensional perspective, transnational enterprises assume the configuration of integrated networks.
Praca i przedsiębiorczość w świetle wybranych encyklik Jana Pawła II
Authors: Brzozowski Tomasz Tadeusz 
Published: February 2021

As we read in their introductions, papal encyclicals are documents aimed at not only the clergy, but all the faithful of Catholic Church as well as at people of goodwill. All the more, should the thoughts handed down by St Peter's successors be not only the source of information but most of all the material for in-depth analysis or commitment. It strangely happens that the nation declaring in majority its affiliation to Catholic Church, the nation being so fortunate by giving the world this great witness of God's love to man, shows hardly any interest in his teachings. We prefer to remember the Pope John Paul II as the moral and scientific authority, not knowing exactly what hidden massages are implicit in these notions, as well as worship him on posters and T-shirts. In an international competition concerning John Paul II.s teaching, it could turn out that his countrymen know very little of what he had to tell us. The author of the article wishes to draw readers' attention to some key elements of papal teaching, among which the focal points are subjective . personal role of man in the world, transcendental dimension of human being, personalistic perspective of man with his relation to work and the status of the latter, as well as its significance in man´s development. Tomasz Tadeusz Brzozowski has made these issues the subject of his analysis, which has been detailed and deepened by relating them to John Paul II's teaching expressed in his social encyclical, also provided with the author's commentary. If the content of this article influences at least to a small extent a bit deeper reception of papal teachings, it will accomplish its aim filling its author with satisfaction.
Wyzwalanie ducha przedsiębiorczości w środowisku społecznym gminy dla rozwoju lokalnego
Authors: Majewska Justyna 
Published: February 2021

Small communities coexisted with global processes seems to be more and more important in „new economy”. Challenges to territorial socio-economic systems provide a context for the development of entrepreneurship and require from local governments and other local and regional organisations to change their attitude and the way they operate. To adjust to a fast-changing economy, local government managers must adopt entrepreneurial and pro-efficiency attitudes, and at the same time inspire social initiative in the community. Efficient functioning of spatial units and their ability to build modern local structures that can use endogenous resources in an effective way improves their competitiveness. But in order to build such competitiveness, local governments must be able . and be eager . to stimulate entrepreneurship in their communities. This can be done in the context of economic diversification, like in the example of Polkowice municipality, where economic changes have been anticipated and necessary actions taken to develop a service economy, including tourism and recreation sector.
Wspieranie małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw przez władze gminne w woj. świętokrzyskim – wyniki badań ankietowych
Authors: Kamiński Dawid 
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this article is to show the results of research questionnaires concerned the waysof supporting development of small and medium enterprises (SME) in SwietokrzyskieProvince. These results show that the stimulation of local and regional economy through thedevelopment of SME is effective way to reduction the effects of recession. Therefore localauthorities should inﬂuence the improvement of the attractiveness of localization of their area.The efforts to economic development is their responsibility and it needs to initiate and favorthe entrepreneurship. There are almost 42,000 SMEs in Świętokrzyskie and 150,000 persons (77,7%) areemployed by them. More than 60% of these entities operate in the cities. The entrepreneurialindicators that illustrate the number of SME for 1000 citizens are among the lowest in thecountry. The research shows local authorities in Świętokrzyskie are moderate interested in thedevelopment of SME. They usually use the simplest instruments – the tax reliefs or trainings.But the range of instruments supported SME is worth extending. So it is possible to usemodiﬁed instruments tried in other countries, for example prime d'aménagement du territoire(PAT), contract procedures or employee mobility.
Rola technologii informacyjnej w zarządzaniu oraz jej wpływ na kształtowanie się społeczeństwa informacyjnego
Authors: Oleksiejczuk Ewa , Oleksiejczuk Anna 
Published: February 2021

Information technology (IT) concerns using the computer science in various aspects of life.The possibilities of immediate information exchange at any time and any place in the worldhave created conditions for the rise a new type of an information society and economy basedon knowledge. Computer networks, especially the Internet, as well as modern wireless mediahave caused the disappearance of traditional barriers in human communication.In modern global economy competitiveness of companies depends on their innovations andknowledge. In a company the essential factor in effective knowledge and innovationmanagement is the implementation of a proper information system. Learning how to workwith computer is a must, both in professional and in private life. Our modern world has been dominated by IT, which inﬂuences every single aspect of our life.Nowadays, information and knowledge are treated as one of the most important factor of businessactivity. Introducing up-to-date IT helps to effectively use the company resources where informationsystems play more and more important role. Companies may obtain better economic results in fastchanging circumstances. In the information era companies are highly depended on IT and ITmeans much more than computers and their software. It is also know-how.
Społeczeństwo informacyjne a gospodarowanie czasem wolnym. Etyczne konsekwencje desakralizacji życia społecznego
Authors: Brzozowski Tomasz Tadeusz 
Published: February 2021

The author of this article has analyzed the problem of planning and spending free time bymembers of the post-industrial society. The commerce, as exchange of information, createsnew conditions for customs in the marketplace and in the community. These factors have considerable inﬂuence on the change in the lifestyle of modern society. This is a problem for Polish society as well. Because we observe changes in ways ofearning money and changes in social structure, the issue is related to the form of experiencingsacrum. So two questions arise: What does it mean in present day? And how will it affect thesocial perception of spiritual needs? The author of this text tries to answer the abovementioned questions.
Przedsiębiorczość, innowacyjność – społeczeństwo informacyjne czy: społeczeństwo informacyjne – przedsiębiorczość i innowacyjność?
Authors: Sowislok Krystian 
Published: February 2021

The development of information society has become one of the main tasks undertaken by bothnational and local authorities as well as by institutions responsible for the development of entrepreneurship. Relevant projects are ﬁnanced by the European Union. Prime Minister DonaldTusk mentioned this subject in his expose and emphasized the importance of knowledge andinformation society in the economic development of Poland. For us, teachers, it is important to know how can we help to increase the entrepreneurshipof young people, and encourage them and provide with opportunities to use moderntechnologies. Information technology in the education should not be limited to IT classes inthe computer lab. The Internet resources can be used for all classes, especially entrepreneurshipclasses. More attention should be paid to skills essential when our students looking for a joband when they decide to start their own businesses. This paper comprises reﬂections on implementation of information technology in the task of developing the youth’s entrepreneurshipand an attempt on answering the question from the title.
Problem pomocy dla małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Pach Janina , Solińska Mieczysława 
Published: February 2021

Small and medium enterprises (SME) play an important role both in Poland and other countries of the European Union. Their contribution both as a percentage of the total number of enterprises, in general employment and in the production of particular products and gross domestic product confirms their importance for economy.The role of SME in Poland would be greater if the indicator of their activity (which is now below 50%) was higher, and the sustainability of SME’s was improved. Moreover, the crucial condition for enlargement of SME’s importance is the improvement of their investment capacity and increasing expenditure on research and development in this sector. About 50% of entrepreneurs fail to make any investments and do not conduct any research that determine national and international competitiveness. There are many reason for this situation, especially financial limitations, which can be supplemented by state aid. However, there are some restrictions on supporting SME’s by government as a result of the Common European Competition Policy. One of its basic rules is prohibition of state aid that deforms and limits competition, which is a base of economic development. In this situation state aid is allowed only on condition that its implementation does not restrict competition. The size and type, conditions and circumstances of state aid and its duration are precisely stipulated by the regulations.
Dostęp do zewnętrznych źródeł finansowania przedsiębiorstw sektora MŚP w powiecie tarnobrzeskim i stalowowolskim
Authors: Buś-Bidas Agnieszka 
Published: February 2021

Small and medium sized entrepreneurs often need external financing to start, run and develop their business. In many cases the SMEs sector cannot obtain financial assistance from the banking system so they seek support from the loan fund system. The loan funds offer not only financial assistance in the form of the loan granted but also other services for example information and advisory services.
Finansowanie kształcenia studentów kierunku turystyka i rekreacja ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego na przykładzie Instytutu Geografii UP w Krakowie)
Authors: Warcholik Witold 
Published: February 2021

The key challenge that Polish higher education needs to face in the early 21st century is to adjust its educational offer to the dynamic changes taking place within the employment market. Higher vocational schools and universities are expected to provide students with crucial skills that will in the future empower their mobility on the employment market as well as enhance their professional development. The multifaceted modernization of the educational offer could effectively be supported by means of the European Social Fund. The passport to success in such undertakings as launching a new specialization „Tourism and Recreation” within the initiative: „Development of Didactical Potential of The Pedagogical University in Cracow”, financed by ESF, is not only built up on a clever idea (e.g. new, attractive studies) but above all, on committed and well­prepared organizational team. What constitutes the essential factor is the interaction between coordinators along with determined teaching staff, heads of departments, heads of teaching and public procurements divisions, Ministry of Education and Labour, as well as employers and tourism industry experts. The beneficiaries of the projects implemented with the financial support of ESF belong to difficult target groups. Their deficiencies make it hard to stimulate their active participation in the projects and to make them persevere in the given task.
Założenia i wstępne wyniki europejskiego projektu badawczego FIFOBI w zakresie kształtowania kompetencji uczniów gimnazjum do prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej
Authors: Kurek Sławomir , Rachwał Tomasz 
Published: February 2021

The article aims at the presentation of guidelines and preliminary results of European research project „Fit for Business: Developing Business Competencies in School (FIFOBI)” in developing competencies among pupils in lower secondary school (gymnasium) for running business activity, based on premises associated with modern changes in world economy as well as with changes on the labour market. The analysis of core school curriculum, conducted within the first stage of research work, showed that a Polish pupil ought to be equipped with basic economic knowledge to a relatively large degree. However, it should be noticed that there are significant gaps in developing competences for running own business, particularly in management as well as in social competences, especially connected with solving conflicts and doing teamwork, and in personal competences, associated with entrepreneurial attitude (the records of the core curriculum are narrowed to planning further education and describing traits of an entrepreneurial person).
OVERCOMING STRATEGIES AND TOLERANCE TO UNCERTAINTY OF STUDENTS OF SENIOR CLASSES
Authors: Джабарова Оксана Эриковна 
Published: February 2021

Представлены результаты проведенного эмпирического исследования по проблеме стратегий преодоления и толерантность к неопределенности учащихся старших классов. С помощью полученных данных в исследовании выявлена взаимосвязь стратегий преодоления и толерантность к неопределенности учащихся старших классов. Выявлены значимые положительные связи толерантности к неопределенности и стратегий преодоления - например, прямая связь с конструктивной стратегией преодоления «поиск социальной поддержки».
Presents the results of empirical a study on coping strategies and tolerance for uncertainty in high school students. Using the data obtained, the study revealed the relationship between coping strategies and tolerance for uncertainty in high school students. Significant positive relationships of tolerance to uncertainty and coping strategies have been identified, for example, a direct relationship with the constructive coping strategy «search for social support».
TRENDS IN SCHOOL GEOGRAPHICAL EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF ECOCENTRIC CONSCIOUSNESS AMONG STUDENTS
Authors: Чернятин Максим Сергеевич 
Published: February 2021

Представлен структурно-содержательный анализ Концепции школьного географического образования в Российской Федерации; рассматриваются тенденции развития школьной географии в контексте формирования у учащихся экоцентрического сознания; отражены ключевые идеи, способствующие формированию вышеуказанного типа сознания в процессе изучения географии в школе на личностном, метапредметном и предметном уровнях.
In article presents a structural and meaningful analysis of the Concept of School Geographical Education in the Russian Federation; consideration is given to trends in the development of school geography in the context of the formation of ecocentric consciousness among pupils; key ideas contributing to the formation of the above-mentioned type of consciousness in the process of studying geography in school at the personal, metasubject and subject levels are reflected.
REALIZATION OF A PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION OF MATHEMATICAL TEACHING AT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Филатов Владимир Викторович , Гобыш Альбина Владимировна 
Published: February 2021

Рассмотрены вопросы профессиональной направленности преподавания математических дисциплин в техническом вузе, актуальность которых обусловлена внедрением новых образовательных стандартов. Проведён анализ научных публикаций по данной тематике и обобщён педагогический опыт авторов. Обоснованы преимущества использования профессионально-ориентированных математических задач в сочетании с электронными образовательными ресурсами в учебном процессе. Приведены примеры задач профессионального характера по математическим дисциплинам и установлены межпредметные связи для ряда образовательных программ, реализуемых в Новосибирском государственном техническом университете.
The issues of the applied orientation of teaching mathematical disciplines at university are considered, the relevance of which is due to the introduction of new educational standards. The analysis of scientific publications on this topic is carried out and the pedagogical experience of the authors is generalized. The advantages of using professionally oriented mathematical problems in combination with electronic educational resources in the educational process are substantiated. Examples of applied problems on mathematical subjects are given and interdisciplinary connections are established for a number of educational programs implemented at Novosibirsk State Technical University.
SYNTACTIC ERROR IN THE PRACTICE OF TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: Цховребов Алан Солтанович 
Published: February 2021

Рассматриваются тенденции развития лингводидактической теории синтаксической ошибки в практике преподавания русского языка как иностранного в современной педагогической практике. Изучены проблемы лингводидактической теории синтаксических ошибок в речи иностранных обучающихся, анализируется проблема квалификации и классификации синтаксических ошибок в методике преподавания РКИ, выявляются причины возникновения ошибок и предлагаются пути устранения указанных речевых нарушений. Анализ литературы по исследуемой проблеме показал, что исследователи используют термины «типичные и нетипичные ошибки», «коммуникативно значимые и коммуникативно незначимые ошибки» и квалифицируют их как нарушения, связанные с неправильным употреблением падежа, словоформы, а также ошибки на уровне синтаксической структуры предложения. Установлено, что в результате влияния родного языка на иностранный появляются как типичные (отклонения от нормы, которые проявляются в результате взаимодействия разных языков), так и нетипичные ошибки. Таким образом, при разработке методики педагогического воздействия следует принять за основу принцип учета особенностей родного языка обучающихся, позволяющий при дифференциальных языковых явлениях опираться на родной язык с целью прогнозирования интерферирующих ошибок.
The article considers the trends of development of the linguodidactic theory of syntactic error in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language in modern pedagogical practice. The problems of the linguo-didactic theory of syntactic errors in the speech of foreign students are studied, the problem of qualification and classification of syntactic errors in the teaching methodology of RCI is analyzed, the causes of errors are identified and ways to eliminate these speech disorders are proposed. Analysis of the literature on the problem under study has shown that researchers use the terms "typical and atypical errors", "communicatively significant and communicatively insignificant errors" and classify them as violations associated with the incorrect use of case, word form, and errors at the level of the syntactic structure of the sentence. It is established that as a result of the influence of the native language on the foreign language, both typical (deviations from the norm that are manifested as a result of the interaction of different languages) and atypical errors appear. Thus, when developing a method of pedagogical influence, it is necessary to take as a basis the principle of taking into account the peculiarities of the native language of students, which allows for differential language phenomena to rely on the native language in order to predict interfering errors.