bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability at 22 ºC of type bologna mortadella elaborated in industrial unit
Authors: Brustolin Adriane Pegoraro , Verlindo Roberto , dos Santos Patrícia , Roman Silvane Souza , Zeni Jamile , Cansian Rogério Luis , Valduga Eunice , Backes Geciane Toniazzo 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe objective of this study was to elaborate and characterize formulations of type mortadella bologna in an industrial unit.Design/methodology/approachTwo formulations (Formulation 1 – F1 and Formulation 2 – F2) were characterized at a storage stability of 22 ºC for physicochemical (pH, aw, moisture, protein, fat and lipid oxidation: TBARs and peroxide index, nitrite/nitrate, texture and thermal analysis: TG), sensory (acceptability), microbiological (Clostridium reducing sulfite, Streptococcus, Salmonella sp., mesophilic and coliform thermosensitive) and histological (organization and tissue distribution) characteristics.FindingsIn relation to the water activity (aw), the formulation F2 presented a value of 0.925 as well as the lower TBARs (0.19 mg MDA/kg) and greater hardness (3945.47 gf), 85% acceptance index and greater mass loss by thermal analysis after 60 days of storage. The multivariate analysis showed that the hardness presents negative correlation in relation cohesiveness, resilience and aw. There is also a strong positive correlation of the cohesiveness in relation to the resilience and aw. In addition, moisture has a high positive correlation with TBARs, peroxide index, aw, L* and texture parameters (adhesiveness, cohesiveness and resilience).Originality/valueTherefore, the importance of the elaboration process of emulsified meat products was emphasized, aiming to add value and guarantee food safety, taking into account the current legal aspects.
Development of a rotatable similar simulation experimental system for steep coal seam mining
Authors: Hongsheng Tu , Changwen Huang , Chenye Guo 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
Currently, the existing similar simulation is still limited in the following aspects: un-rotatable laboratory devices, the difficulty in the pavement on steep seams and great error of the experimental data.

Design/methodology/approach
To address above-mentioned problems, this study combined theoretical analysis and numerical simulation and developed a rotatable experimental system for similar simulation on steep coal seam mining on the premise of ensuring experimental safety.

Findings
The present experimental system mainly consists of the model support, the rotation system and the bearing system. By taking into account the experimental requirements and actual laboratory space, the sizes of the model support and the bearing system were determined. Considering the requirements in space limit and rotation stability, the rotation mode of vertical sliding on the left side and the horizontal sliding on the lower side was designed.

Originality/value
Using programmable logic controller automatic angle control technology, the rotation angle, velocity and displacement of the model can be automatically adjusted and controlled so as to achieve safe rotation and precise control. Finally, the calculation method of the mass of the required similar materials for paving the coal strata at different inclination angles and in different horizons was analyzed, and the related mass proportion calculation software was developed.
Acute traumatic coagulopathy and the relationship to prehospital care and on‐scene red blood cell transfusion
Authors: Harris Daniel , Martin Daniel , Bednarz Jana , Ellis Daniel Y 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the incidence of acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC) in trauma patients presenting to the Royal Adelaide Hospital, analyse prehospital contributors, including red blood cell transfusion and assess the clinical significance of ATC.MethodsA retrospective database review was undertaken using conventional coagulation assays and viscoelastic testing (ROTEM) for diagnosis of ATC.ResultsBaseline ATC incidence is 10% in trauma patients, increasing to over 80% among those where the prehospital team has attended and given a transfusion of red cells. ATC was significantly associated with higher severity of trauma (odds ratio [OR] 1.11, P < 0.0001), prehospital (OR 11.8, P < 0.0001) and in‐hospital blood transfusions (OR 17.9, P < 0.0001), and massive transfusions (P < 0.001).ConclusionsPrehospital blood transfusions are given to the most severely injured trauma patients and the incidence of ATC in this group is more than 80%. There is an association with prehospital blood transfusion and increased ATC in part related to patient selection and severity of trauma, with the contribution of red cell transfusions to ATC unclear. This association should allow earlier identification of patients at increased risk of ATC to ensure rapid correction of coagulopathy to decrease the morbidity and mortality of trauma.
Rescue effect drives local persistence of fish species in the Upper Paraná River floodplain
Authors: Granzotti Rafaela V. , Cassemiro Fernanda A. S. , Agostinho Angelo A. , Bini Luis M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe interspecific variation in spatial distribution has been frequently studied in macroecology, but cross‐species differences in temporal occupancy (the number of times a species has been recorded in a site, i.e. local persistence) are seldom investigated. Here we aim to determine the relative importance of different predictors of species temporal occupancy, including local abundance, body size, range size, biological traits, environmental niche metrics, and proportion of the sites occupied (mean landscape occurrence).Using 17 years of data on 93 Neotropical fish species collected at the Upper Paraná River floodplain, we modelled temporal occupancy in six floodplain lakes, controlling for phylogenetic dependence, and investigated whether the relative importance of predictors was maintained across sites.Mean landscape occurrence and mean local abundance were the main predictors of temporal occupancy in all six lakes. Body size was also important in most lakes. The concordance in the ranks of predictors was high, indicating consistency in the mechanisms behind temporal occupancy across sites.Our results indicate the importance of metapopulation processes, especially the rescue effect, in determining long‐term persistence of fish local populations in floodplains.The influence of spatial occupancy on local persistence implies that protecting a large number of habitats in the landscape might reduce the risk of local extinction of species, thus maintaining biodiversity levels in the system.
Emicizumab improves thrombus formation of type 2A von willebrand disease under high shear condition
Authors: Yaoi Hiroaki , Shida Yasuaki , Kitazawa Takehisa , Shima Midori , Nogami Keiji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionType 2A von Willebrand disease (VWD) is common in type‐2 group caused by qualitative deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Emicizumab is a bispecific antibody that mimics activated factor VIII (FVIIIa) cofactor function, and emicizumab prophylaxis substantially reduces bleeding in patients with haemophilia A. It is unknown whether emicizumab affects thrombus formation in type 2A VWD characterized by not only low FVIII levels but also the impaired platelet adhesion and aggregation.AimTo examine the coagulant potential of emicizumab in type 2A VWD.Patients/MethodsPerfusion chamber experiments combined with immunostaining were performed using whole blood from 5 patients with type 2A VWD under high shear condition (2500 s−1).ResultsThe addition of FVIII to type 2A VWD whole blood did not augment thrombus formation, whilst supplementation with VWF or FVIII/VWF enhanced. FVIII appeared to contribute to thrombus height rather than surface coverage. The addition of emicizumab enhanced thrombus formation in type 2A VWD compared with FVIII, but this potency was less than the presence of VWF. The effect on thrombus formation mediated by emicizumab appeared to be more rapid than that by FVIII for non‐requirement of activation step of FVIII, whilst that by FVIII showed more impact on thrombus formation at the late phase.ConclusionEmicizumab‐induced enhancing effects of thrombus formation, independent on VWF, may be useful as an alternative therapy for type 2A VWD patients. These results supported a critical role for the FVIII‐VWF complex facilitating thrombus formation under high shear.
The relationship between serum erythropoietin, hepcidin, and haptoglobin levels with disease severity and other biochemical values in patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Yağcı Sema , Serin Erdinç , Acicbe Özlem , Zeren Mustafa İsmet , Odabaşı Merve Sena 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionStudies have shown that iron metabolism is affected by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19), which has spread worldwide and has become a global health problem. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between COVID‐19 and serum erythropoietin (EPO), hepcidin, and haptoglobin (Hpt) levels with disease severity, and other biochemical values.MethodsFifty nine COVID‐19 patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) and wards in our hospital between March and June 2020 and 19 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Participants were divided into mild, severe, and critical disease severity groups. Group mean values were analyzed with SPSS according to disease severity, mortality, and intubation status.ResultsHemoglobin (Hb) levels were significantly lower in the critical patient group (P < .0001) and deceased group (P < .0001). The red blood cell distribution width‐coefficient of variation (RDW‐CV) and ferritin values were significantly higher in the intubated (P = .001, P = .005) and deceased (P = .014, P = .003) groups. Ferritin values were positively correlated with disease severity (P < .0001). Serum iron levels were lower in the patient group compared with the reference range. (P < .0001). It was found that the transferrin saturation (TfSat) was lower in the patient group compared with the control group (P < .0001). It was found that the mean EPO of the deceased was lower than the control group and the survived patient group (P = .035). Hepcidin levels were found to be significantly lower in the patient group (P < .0001). Hpt values were found to be significantly lower in the intubated group (P = .004) and the deceased group (P = .042).ConclusionIn our study, while serum iron and hepcidin levels decreased in patients diagnosed with COVID‐19, we found that EPO and Hpt levels were significantly lower in critical and deceased patient groups. Our study is the first study examining EPO and Hpt levels in patients diagnosed with COVID‐19.
Sprint Tactics in the Tour de France: A Case Study of a World-Class Sprinter (Part II)
Authors: van Erp Teun , Kittel Marcel , Lamberts Robert P. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To describe the performance and tactical sprint characteristics of a world-class sprinter competing in the Tour de France. In addition, differences in the sprint tactics of 2 teams and won versus lost sprints are highlighted. Method: Power output (PO) and video footage of 21 sprints were analyzed. Position in the peloton and number of teammates supporting the sprinter at different times before the finish line together with PO for different time intervals were determined. Sprints were classified as team Shimano (2013–2014) and team Quick-step (2016–2017), as well as won or lost. Results: The sprinter was highly successful, winning 14 out of the 21 sprints. At time intervals 10 to 5, 3 to 2, and 1.5 to 1 minute, POs were significantly lower in team Quick-step compared with team Shimano, but the sprinter was positioned further away from the front at 10, 2, 1.5, 1, and 0.5 minutes at team Quick-step compared with team Shimano. The PO was higher at time interval 0.5 to 0.25 minutes before the finish line with team Quick-step when compared with team Shimano. The position of the sprinter in the peloton in lost sprints was further away from the front at 0.5 minutes before the finish compared with won sprints, while no differences were noted for PO and the number of teammates between won and lost sprints. Conclusions: Differences in sprint tactics (Shimano vs Quick-step) influence the PO and position in the peloton during the sprint preparation. In addition, the position at 0.5 minutes before the finish line influences the outcome (won or lost) of the sprint.
Smoking cessation interventions in South Asian countries: protocol for scoping review
Authors: Iqbal Sajid , Barolia Rubina , Ladak Laila , Petrucka Pammla 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionUnfortunately, like many other health risks, smoking rate has been on the rise in developing countries. Half of current smokers in the world reside in only three countries of Asia that include India. Many smoking cessation interventions that were developed and successfully implemented in the context of developed countries have not been equally successful in South Asia. Hence, there is a dire need of culturally relevant smoking cessation interventions. We propose a scoping review with objectives to explore the extent and nature of interventions for smoking cessation and its associated factors in South Asian Region by systematically reviewing the available published and unpublished literature.Methods and analysisThe review has been registered in Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) systematic reviews register and details are given in the Methodology section. The updated framework of JBI for scoping review methodology will be used as guide for conduct of this scoping review. Electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL plus, Proquest Theses and Dissertations, EBSCO Dentistry and Oral Sciences, and Wiley Cochrane Library), reference lists of selected studies and grey literature will be considered for inclusion in this review. The literature search is anticipated to be carried out in December–January 2020. Initially, two reviewers in consultation with a librarian will develop search syntax followed by search from the selected sources. Consequently, the reviewers will screen all the titles, abstracts and full articles to establish relevance of each study for inclusion. Factors associated with smoking cessation will be coded and categorised applying qualitative content analysis, while interventions extracted from the literature will be described with the stated level of effectiveness.
Deimplementation strategy to reduce overtreatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria: a study protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial
Authors: van Horrik Tessa MZXK , Geerlings Suzanne E , Stalenhoef Janneke E , van Nieuwkoop Cees , Saanen Joppe B , Schneeberger Caroline , Laan Bart J 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionAntimicrobial treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is one of the most common unnecessary uses of antimicrobials. Earlier studies have shown that the prevalence of this inappropriate treatment ranges from 45% to 83%. Multifaceted interventions based on international guidelines and antimicrobial stewardship can decrease overtreatment of ASB. We have designed a study protocol with the main objective of reducing overtreatment of ASB by 50% through use of a deimplementation strategy.Methods and analysisWe will use a stepped-wedge cluster randomised design, comparing outcomes before and after introduction of our intervention in the emergency department (ED) of five hospitals (clusters) in the Netherlands. All patients (≥18 years old) who have a urine test performed in the ED will be screened for eligibility. The deimplementation strategy consists of a combination of interventions, including education, audit and feedback. The primary endpoint is overtreatment of ASB in patients without risk factors (eg, pregnancy, planned invasive urological procedures and neutropenia). Secondary endpoints are the duration of antimicrobial treatment for ASB, the number of urine cultures and urinalysis per 1000 patients, and overtreatment of positive urinalysis in asymptomatic patients.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the medical ethics research committee of the Academic Medical Centre (Amsterdam, the Netherlands) with a waiver for informed consent. Local feasibility was obtained by the local institutional review boards of all participating hospitals. Our study aims to reduce inappropriate screening and treatment of ASB in EDs, improve healthcare quality, lower the increase in antimicrobial resistance and save costs. If proven (cost)-effective, this study provides a well-suited strategy for a nationwide approach to reduce overtreatment of ASB. Relevant results of our study will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at relevant (scientific) conferences.Trial registration numberNL8242; Pre-results.
Applications of CRISPR Genome Editing to Advance the Next Generation of Adoptive Cell Therapies for Cancer
Authors: Fix Samantha M. , Jazaeri Amir A. , Hwu Patrick 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAdoptive cell therapy (ACT) for cancer shows tremendous potential; however, several challenges preclude its widespread use. These include poor T-cell function in hostile tumor microenvironments, a lack of tumor-specific target antigens, and the high cost and poor scalability of cell therapy manufacturing. Creative genome-editing strategies are beginning to emerge to address each of these limitations, which has initiated the next generation of cell therapy products now entering clinical trials. CRISPR is at the forefront of this revolution, offering a simple and versatile platform for genetic engineering. This review provides a comprehensive overview of CRISPR applications that have advanced ACT.Significance:The clinical impact of ACT for cancer can be expanded by implementing specific genetic modifications that enhance the potency, safety, and scalability of cellular products. Here we provide a detailed description of such genetic modifications, highlighting avenues to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and accessibility of ACT for cancer. Furthermore, we review high-throughput CRISPR genetic screens that have unveiled novel targets for cell therapy enhancement.
Mechanisms of Congenital Heart Disease Caused by NAA15 Haploinsufficiency
Authors: Ward Tarsha , Tai Warren , Morton Sarah , Impens Francis , Van Damme Petra , Van Haver Delphi , Timmerman Evy , Venturini Gabriela , Zhang Kehan , Jang Min Young , Willcox Jon A.L. , Haghighi Alireza , Gelb Bruce D. , Chung Wendy K. , Goldmuntz Elizabeth , Porter George A. , Lifton Richard P. , Brueckner Martina , Yost H. Joseph , Bruneau Benoit G. , Gorham Joshua , Kim Yuri , Pereira Alexandre , Homsy Jason , Benson Craig C. , DePalma Steven R. , Varland Sylvia , Chen Christopher S. , Arnesen Thomas , Gevaert Kris , Seidman Christine , Seidman J.G. 
Published: February 2021

Rationale:

NAA15 (N-alpha-acetyltransferase 15) is a component of the NatA (N-terminal acetyltransferase complex). The mechanism by which NAA15 haploinsufficiency causes congenital heart disease remains unknown. To better understand molecular processes by which NAA15 haploinsufficiency perturbs cardiac development, we introduced
NAA15
variants into human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and assessed the consequences of these mutations on RNA and protein expression.

Objective:
We aim to understand the role of NAA15 haploinsufficiency in cardiac development by investigating proteomic effects on NatA complex activity and identifying proteins dependent upon a full amount of NAA15.

Methods and Results:

We introduced heterozygous loss of function, compound heterozygous, and missense residues (R276W) in iPSCs using CRISPR/Cas9. Haploinsufficient
NAA15
iPSCs differentiate into cardiomyocytes, unlike
NAA15
-null iPSCs, presumably due to altered composition of NatA. Mass spectrometry analyses reveal ≈80% of identified iPSC NatA targeted proteins displayed partial or complete N-terminal acetylation. Between null and haploinsufficient
NAA15
cells, N-terminal acetylation levels of 32 and 9 NatA-specific targeted proteins were reduced, respectively. Similar acetylation loss in few proteins occurred in
NAA15
R276W induced pluripotent stem cells. In addition, steady-state protein levels of 562 proteins were altered in both null and haploinsufficient
NAA15
cells; 18 were ribosomal-associated proteins. At least 4 proteins were encoded by genes known to cause autosomal dominant congenital heart disease.

Conclusions:
These studies define a set of human proteins that requires a full NAA15 complement for normal synthesis and development. A 50% reduction in the amount of NAA15 alters levels of at least 562 proteins and N-terminal acetylation of only 9 proteins. One or more modulated proteins are likely responsible for NAA15-haploinsufficiency mediated congenital heart disease. Additionally, genetically engineered induced pluripotent stem cells provide a platform for evaluating the consequences of amino acid sequence variants of unknown significance on NAA15 function.
Trends of Ruptured and Unruptured Aneurysms Treatment in the United States in Post‐ISAT Era: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis
Authors: Salem Mohamed M. , Maragkos Georgios A. , Gomez‐Paz Santiago , Ascanio Luis C. , Ngo Long H. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Thomas Ajith J. , Moore Justin M. 
Published: February 2021

Background
The ISAT (International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial) has generated a paradigm shift towards endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms but remains unclear if this has led to a true reduction in the risk for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We sought to study the association between the treatment burden of unruptured and ruptured aneurysms in the post‐ISAT era.

Methods and Results

Admissions data from the National Inpatient Sample (2004–2014) were extracted, including patients with a primary diagnosis of aSAH or unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated by clipping or coiling. Within each year, this combined group was randomly matched to non‐aneurysmal control group, based on age, sex, and Elixhauser comorbidity index. Multinomial regression was performed to calculate the relative risk ratio of undergoing treatment for either ruptured or unruptured aneurysms in comparison with the reference control group, adjusted for time. After adjusting for National Inpatient Sample sampling effects, 243 754 patients with aneurysm were identified, 174 580 (71.6%) were women; mean age, 55.4±13.2 years. A total of 121 882 (50.01%) patients were treated for unruptured aneurysms, 79 627 (65.3%) endovascularly and 42 256 (34.7%) surgically. A total of 121 872 (49.99%) patients underwent procedures for aSAH, 68 921 (56.6%) endovascular, and 52 951 (43.5%) surgically. Multinomial regression revealed a significant year‐to‐year decrease in aSAH procedures compared with the control group of non‐aneurysmal hospitalizations (relative risk ratio, 0.963 per year;
P
<0.001), while there was no statistical significance for unruptured aneurysms procedures (relative risk ratio, 1.012 per year;
P
=0.35).

Conclusions
With each passing year, there is a significant decrease in relative risk ratio of undergoing treatment for aSAH, concomitant with a stable annual risk of undergoing treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms.
Reading Graffiti in Naples and Reading Naples in Film
Authors: Gross Jonathan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article examines graffiti in Naples between 2016 and 2018, arguing for its political importance. My thesis is that erasing graffiti from garbage trucks does not remove the social problems that caused it. Though sometimes seen as an eye-sore by tourists, graffiti offers vital information about the struggles and passions within the city itself. Under Silvio Berlusconi, rubbish became gold, as Camorra member Nunzio Perella stated when arrested in 1992. Three films, Biùtiful cauntri (2007), Gomorrah (2008), and Napoli Jungle (Bagnoli Jungle) (2015) document how toxic waste dumping affected three generations of Italians and continues to be a pervasive problem.