bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micromanufacturing by severe plastic deformation
Authors: Beygelzimer Y. , Kulagin R. , Estrin Y. , Davydenko O. , Pylypenko A. 
Published: January 2021

Beygelzimer Y., Kulagin R., Estrin Y., Davydenko O., Pylypenko A. Micromanufacturing by severe plastic deformation // Material working by pressure. – 2019. – № 2 (49). - Р. 87-90.
The production of precision small-scale objects is now a rapidly expanding industry worldwide. In English literature, it has been named "Micromanufacturing" and covers the production of meso (1-10 mm) and micro size (1-1000 microns) for aerospace, automotive, optical, biomedical and other engineering fields. Features of "Micromanufacturing" poses the following challenges for material science. First, the mechanical properties of materials for small-sized products are significantly different from those of traditional mechanical engineering. This means that micromanufacturing requires new materials, and in very small quantities, for traditional mechanical engineering quantities. Small-scale production of new materials by traditional metallurgical methods is, at least, unprofitable. Thus, the problem arises to create technologies that allow to produce small batches of various metallic materials with specified properties. Secondly, micromanufacturing requires sub-microcrystalline materials. Finally, to produce a series of identical products from the same workpiece, the statistical variation in the material properties in its bulk is as narrow as possible. Metallurgical methods designed to produce large volume blanks may not provide the degree of uniformity of materials required for micro-production. The article shows that the solution of these three problems is possible by applying the methods of severe plastic deformation.
Diet composition, guild structure and trophic relationships of wintering birds of prey in an estuarine wetland (The Evros Delta National Park, Greece)
Authors: Alivizatos Haralambos , Goutner Vassilis 
Published: January 2021

Seven species of birds of prey studied in the Evros Delta National Park belong to a common assemblage of a trophic guild. However, their diet study revealed different groups of feeding niches. A cluster analysis provided three groups with very similar diets: The eastern imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca) and greater spotted eagle (Clanga clanga) constituted a group feeding mainly on birds with their diets including 96% (13 bird species) and 98% (16 bird species), by number respectively, most bird prey being water birds. A second group, characterized by a considerable variety of prey types dominated by small mammals and birds, included the western marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus) (67% mammals, 27% birds -at least 12 species ), black kite (Milvus migrans) (46% mammals, 39% birds -at least 11 species) and common buzzard (Buteo buteo) (birds 36% -at least 7 species, mammals 22%). In all three species, birds dominated by biomass, whereas other prey such as arthropods (mainly insects), amphibians and reptiles had a low contribution by mass where they occurred. A third group included the common barn owl (Tyto alba), feeding mainly on small mammals (97%, at least 12 species) and little owl (Athene noctua). The little owl’s diet consisted of mammals (29%, -at least 6 species), birds (5% -at least 7 species) and, though insects preponderated by number (64%), mammals were dominant by biomass in both owls. Diversity indices estimated on class level were low, ranked as B. buteo > M. migrans > A. noctua > C. aeruginosus > A. heliaca = T. alba > A. clanga. Dietary similarities may be partly due to common habitat preferences and the role of other potential factors to niche partitioning is discussed.
PERSEPSI KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP SITUS PURBAKALA GUNUNG PADANG CIANJUR
Authors: Rustandi Nanang , Wibisono Yusuf 
Published: January 2021

Gunung Padang site, Cianjur District, a prehistoric cultural heritage becomes a concern because community activities also juxtaposed religious worships. The problems arise when various perception of the site’s existence is linked to myths. The focus is explored on how religious people related to the perception of Gunung Padang’s existence and restoration. This study uses qualitative research method using two data sources. The primary data are obtained from document studies, field observations, and in depth interviews. Secondary data are obtained from books, journals and other research documents. To analyze the relationship between community religious perceptions and culture of ancient sites, phenomenological approach is applied. The results indicate that religious perception over the site is strongly influenced by the process of integrating local religious and cultural understanding passed down for generations. The form of religious expressions are in form of belief, rite, and community. From the research findings, it arises a configuration of society’s religious perception towards Gunung Padang which integrates religion, culture, and belief (syncretism) characterized by local wisdom. Keywords: Religion; Culture; Society; Site; Myth
HD 63021: Chromospheric Activity and Mass Transfer in a Close Binary
Authors: Whelan David G. , Chojnowski S. Drew , Labadie-Bartz Jonathan , Daglen James , Hudson Ken , Casey Gary M. , Stringfellow Guy S. , Lester Kathryn V. , Barry John , Heinerikson Joshua , Pankratz Dan , Schreffler Mary , Maderak Ryan , Lotspeich Nick , Vitale-Sullivan Molly , Woodard Micah 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Prompted by X-ray detections from multiple surveys, we investigated the A-type star HD 63021 and found that it is a double-lined spectroscopic binary with highly variable emission associated with the primary star. Analysis of our multiepoch spectroscopic observations, the majority of which were carried out on small-aperture telescopes, indicates a very short orbital period of just 2.9 days and a mass ratio M
2/M
1 of 0.23. The A1 V star is a slow rotator, with a rotational speed of ∼34 km s−1. Assuming that its mass is 2.3 M
⊙, the present-day secondary is an evolved star of ∼0.5 M
⊙ that nearly fills its Roche lobe. This secondary star rotates comparatively rapidly at ∼44 km s−1, and we see evidence that it is chromospherically active. Analysis of a photometric light curve from TESS reveals two strong periods, one at the orbital period for the system and another at half the orbital period. These findings suggest that HD 63021 is a close binary system undergoing mass transfer from the secondary star onto the primary star—in all ways like an Algol eclipsing binary system, except without the eclipse. We discuss the system’s mass transfer, which is not steady but seems to run in fits and bursts, and infer the system’s basic physical properties from an orbital parameter study, the Roche lobe geometry, and its extant X-ray emission.
Understanding Polarized Dust Emission from ρ Ophiuchi A in Light of Grain Alignment and Disruption by Radiative Torques
Authors: Tram Le Ngoc , Hoang Thiem , Lee Hyeseung , Santos Fabio P. , Soam Archana , Lesaffre Pierre , Gusdorf Antoine , Reach William T. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The alignment of dust grains with the ambient magnetic field produces polarization of starlight as well as thermal dust emission. Using the archival SOFIA/HAWC+ polarimetric data observed toward the ρ Ophiuchus (Oph) A cloud hosted by a B star at 89 and 154 μm, we find that the fractional polarization of thermal dust emission first increases with the grain temperature and then decreases once the grain temperature exceeds ≃25–32 K. The latter trend differs from the prediction of the popular RAdiative Torques (RATs) alignment theory, which implies a monotonic increase of the polarization fraction with the grain temperature. We perform numerical modeling of polarized dust emission for the ρ Oph-A cloud and calculate the degree of dust polarization by simultaneously considering the dust grain alignment and rotational disruption by RATs. Our modeling results could successfully reproduce both the rising and declining trends of the observational data. Moreover, we show that the alignment of only silicate grains or a mixture of silicate–carbon grains within a composite structure can reproduce the observational trends, assuming that all dust grains follow a power-law size distribution. Although there are a number of simplifications and limitations to our modeling, our results suggest grains in the ρ Oph-A cloud have a composite structure, and the grain size distribution has a steeper slope than the standard size distribution for the interstellar medium. Combination of SOFIA/HAWC+ data with JCMT observations 450 and 850 μm would be useful to test the proposed scenario based on grain alignment and disruption by RATs.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: The M
BH–Host Relations at 0.2 ≲ z ≲ 0.6 from Reverberation Mapping and Hubble Space Telescope Imaging
Authors: Li Jennifer I-Hsiu , Shen Yue , Ho Luis C. , Brandt W. N. , Dalla Bontà Elena , Alvarez G. Fonseca , Grier C. J. , Santisteban J. V. Hernandez , Homayouni Y. , Horne Keith , Peterson B. M. , Schneider D. P. , Trump Jonathan R. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present the results of a pilot Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging study of the host galaxies of ten quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping (SDSS-RM) project. Probing more than an order of magnitude in black hole (BH) and stellar masses, our sample is the first statistical sample to study the BH–host correlations beyond z > 0.3 with reliable BH masses from reverberation mapping rather than from single-epoch spectroscopy. We perform image decomposition in two HST bands (UVIS-F606W and IR-F110W) to measure host colors and estimate stellar masses using empirical relations between broadband colors and the mass-to-light ratio. The stellar masses of our targets are mostly dominated by a bulge component. The BH masses and stellar masses of our sample broadly follow the same correlations found for local RM active galactic nuclei and quiescent bulge-dominant galaxies, with no strong evidence of evolution in the

relation to z ∼ 0.6. We further compare the host light fraction from HST imaging decomposition to that estimated from spectral decomposition. We find a good correlation between the host fractions derived with both methods. However, the host fraction derived from spectral decomposition is systematically smaller than that from imaging decomposition by ∼30%, indicating different systematics in both approaches. This study paves the way for upcoming more ambitious host galaxy studies of quasars with direct RM-based BH masses at high redshift.
Numerical Relativity Simulations of the Neutron Star Merger GW170817: Long-term Remnant Evolutions, Winds, Remnant Disks, and Nucleosynthesis
Authors: Nedora Vsevolod , Bernuzzi Sebastiano , Radice David , Daszuta Boris , Endrizzi Andrea , Perego Albino , Prakash Aviral , Safarzadeh Mohammadtaher , Schianchi Federico , Logoteta Domenico 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present a systematic numerical relativity study of the dynamical ejecta, winds, and nucleosynthesis in neutron star (NS) merger remnants. Binaries with the chirp mass compatible with GW170817, different mass ratios, and five microphysical equations of state (EOSs) are simulated with an approximate neutrino transport and a subgrid model for magnetohydrodynamic turbulence up to 100 ms postmerger. Spiral density waves propagating from the NS remnant to the disk trigger a wind with mass flux ∼0.1–0.5 M
⊙ s−1, which persists for the entire simulation as long as the remnant does not collapse to a black hole. This wind has average electron fraction ≳0.3 and average velocity ∼0.1–0.17 c and thus is a site for the production of weak r-process elements (mass number A < 195). Disks around long-lived remnants have masses ∼0.1–0.2 M
⊙, temperatures peaking at ≲10 MeV near the inner edge, and a characteristic double-peak distribution in entropy resulting from shocks propagating through the disk. The dynamical and spiral-wave ejecta computed in our targeted simulations are not compatible with those inferred from AT2017gfo using two-components kilonova models. Rather, they indicate that multicomponent kilonova models including disk winds are necessary to interpret AT2017gfo. The nucleosynthesis in the combined dynamical ejecta and spiral-wave wind in the long-lived mergers of comparable mass robustly accounts for all the r-process peaks, from mass number ∼75 to actinides in terms of solar abundances. Total abundances are weakly dependent on the EOS, while the mass ratio affects the production of first-peak elements.
GPCAL: A Generalized Calibration Pipeline for Instrumental Polarization in VLBI Data
Authors: Park Jongho , Byun Do-Young , Asada Keiichi , Yun Youngjoo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present the Generalized Polarization CALibration pipeline (GPCAL), an automated pipeline for instrumental polarization calibration of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) data. The pipeline is designed to achieve a high calibration accuracy by means of fitting the instrumental polarization model, including the second-order terms, to data from multiple calibrator sources simultaneously. It also allows for using more accurate linear polarization models of calibrators for D-term estimation compared to the conventional way that assumes similar linear polarization and total intensity structures. This assumption has been widely used in the existing packages for instrumental polarization calibration but could be a source of significant uncertainties when there is no suitable calibrator satisfying the assumption. We demonstrate the capabilities of GPCAL by using simulated data, archival Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) data of many active galactic nucleus (AGN) jets at 15 and 43 GHz, and our Korean VLBI Network (KVN) observations of many AGN jets at 86, 95, 130, and 142 GHz. The pipeline could reproduce the complex linear polarization structures of several sources shown in the previous studies using the same VLBA data. In addition, GPCAL reveals a complex linear polarization structure in the flat-spectrum radio quasar 3C 273 from the KVN data at all four frequencies. These results demonstrate that GPCAL can achieve a high calibration accuracy for various VLBI arrays.
Magnetic Fields Observed by Voyager 2 in the Heliosheath
Authors: Burlaga L. F. , Berdichevsky D. B. , Jian L. K. , Koval A. , Ness N. F. , Park J. , Richardson J. D. , Szabo A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present observations of the magnetic field

in the outermost region of the heliosheath made by Voyager 2 (V2) from 2016 to 2018.6, just before V2 entered the magnetic barrier inside of the heliopause. The average magnetic field strength (B) during this interval was relatively large, 0.135 nT, mainly due to numerous merged interaction regions. Sector structure was observed, and the direction of azimuthal angle λ was primarily close to the Parker spiral magnetic field directions 90° and 270°. Thus, the heliospheric current sheet extended to relatively high southern latitudes poleward of V2 (>30°). On smaller scales, distributions of daily increments in B and the components of

from 2016 to 2018.6 were accurately described by q-Gaussian distributions. The average values of the nonextensivity parameter q for one-day increments of the components decreased from q = 1.7 ± 0.01 during 2016 (near solar maximum) to q = 1.3 ± 0.1 during 2017 and 2018, as solar activity declined. The BT direction was close to the average magnetic field direction, and V2 measured primarily compressible fluctuations. These new results are also presented in the context of an overview of the observations of the magnetic field in the heliosheath from the termination shock crossing to the heliopause.
Le Grand Contournement de Paris, trop loin et trop proche de Paris ? Jeux d’échelles et diversité des dynamiques du polycentrisme du Bassin Parisien (1982-2015)
Authors: Le Néchet Florent 
Published: January 2021

Nous nous interrogeons dans cet article sur les liens, à la fois à l’échelle locale et à l’échelle de la « méga-cité polycentrique » parisienne, entre croissance des réseaux de transport (routier, principalement), étalement urbain et fonctionnement polycentrique de la métropole parisienne. Les résultats suggèrent une diversité des formes d’émergence du polycentrisme autour de Paris, selon des corridors bien distincts. A l’échelle locale, les autoroutes radiales concourent à la mutation de pôles intermédiaires attirant des flux depuis Paris et depuis les principales métropoles du Bassin Parisien, tandis que, plus loin de l’attraction de la métropole parisienne, elles semblent favoriser un développement résidentiel et globalement une maturation du système de villes local. Spécifiquement, la rocade dite « Grand Contournement de Paris » ne semble pas jouer de rôle structurant sur la dynamique du Bassin Parisien, sauf pour les territoires les plus éloignés de Paris.
Chip-Last (RDL-First) Fan-Out Panel-Level Packaging (FOPLP) for Heterogeneous Integration
Authors: Lau John H , Ko Cheng-Ta , Peng Chia-Yu , Yang Kai-Ming , Xia Tim , Lin Puru Bruce , Chen JJ , Huang Po-Chun , Tseng Tzvy-Jang , Lin Eagle , Chang Leo , Lin Curry , Lu Winnie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this investigation, the chip-last, RDL (redistribution-layer)-first, fan-out panel-level packaging (FOPLP) for heterogeneous integration is studied. Emphasis is placed on the materials, process, fabrication, and reliability of a heterogeneous integration of one large chip (10mm × 10mm) and two small chips (7mm × 5mm) by a FOPLP method on a 20mm × 20mm RDL-first substrate fabricated on a 515mm × 510mm temporary glass panel. Reliability test such as the drop test of the heterogeneous integration package on a PCB (printed circuit board) is performed and test results including failure analysis are presented. Some recommendations are also provided.
Latest Technologies of Epoxy Molding Compound (EMC) for FO-WLP
Authors: Iwai Masahiro , Ukawa Ken , Ichizawa Go , Mori Takeshi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
FO-WLP is used for RF etc. for mobile as a package excellent in low profile, low warpage, cost reduction, electric performance etc. and this market is expanding since it began to be used in Application processer (AP) in 2016. It is expected that adoption to AP for mobile will continue to grow and further expansion to other products is also expected.
Meanwhile, Epoxy molding compound (EMC) for FO-WLP is required to have functions not found in EMC for low-end packages. For example, since the molding area is large and the molding thickness is thin, if a conventional EMC is used, the warpage becomes large after curing and it cannot proceed to the subsequent process. In order to control warpage after curing, it is important to reduce cure shrinkage of EMC. In addition, in order to fill completely the gap between flip chip bumps of large size chip, control of filler size, melt viscosity etc. is more severely required.
Advanced Die-Beam Alignment Method for Laser-Assisted Bonding
Authors: Braganca Wagno Alves , KyungOe Kim 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The action of checking whether the laser beam and die are aligned during laser-assisted bonding process is referred to as die-beam alignment. The current method for die-beam alignment is a simple visual inspection by naked eye, which makes this method highly susceptible to human-error as it depends on the feeling and ability of the engineer/operator responsible for it. Furthermore, it lacks a defined metric for quantitative evaluation. The purpose of this research is to develop a human error-free method for die-beam alignment based on computer vision algorithms. A dedicated image-acquisition camera, combined with a custom-made software based on computer vision, successfully aligned the die and the laser beam with an accuracy of 0.060 mm. The simple hardware setup, integrated with the user-friendly software, makes it a convenient method for on-site use.
Optimizing X-Ray Inspection for Advanced Packaging Applications
Authors: Peterson Brennan , Kwan Michael , Duewer Fred , Reid Andrew , Brooks Rhiannon 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Over the coming decade, advanced packaging will become increasingly critical to performance, cost, and density improvements in advanced electronics. There is both an industry push: cost and performance advances in transistor scaling are increasingly difficult. And there is an industry pull: customization for each market can be done far more quickly by assembling a series of parts in a package, rather than by design and integration into a single device. This isnt a new idea: Gordon Moore said the same in the 60’s. But after decades of increased device level integration, it is an important change.
Figure 1 shows an example (future) device: there are large bumps, hybrid bonds--for extreme bandwidth and low latency connection to cache memory, TSV based DRAM, and multiple CPU to CPU interconnects. Each of these is a failure point.
Figure 1: The wide variety of interconnects on future advanced packages Figure 2: the triangle of misery as applied to standard and Advanced xray imaging (AXI)
Manufacturing will necessarily advance in the packaging arena: pin density and package size will both increase to support the high bandwidth and device integration demands. The downside of multiple device integration is a higher set of requirements on the reliability of both the individual devices and the fully assembled system. This is an opportunity to take advantage of new strategies and technologies in package inspection. The sampling challenges for both control and inspection for high reliability require systems that can run at 100% coverage and millions of units per year. An overview of reliability sampling challenges as it relates to the end of line inspection, as well as sampling for both defect type and incidence is critical to understanding how and what to measure to maximize yield.
There are fundamental tradeoffs between speed, resolution, and signal to noise ratio that inform a systematic engineering understanding of inspection. Optimizing that trade-off specifically for semiconductor inspection leads to dedicated tools with extremely high resolution, speed, and low dose.
In parallel with the speed requirements, sensitivity, and noise immunity can be improved with an understanding of the systematic sources of noise. These can be mitigated and even eliminated with novel algorithms for both image enhancement and defect location.
Thin Glass Handling Solutions for Microelectronics Packaging
Authors: Shorey Aric , Nelson Shelby , Levy David , Ballentine Paul 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Glass substrates with fine-pitch through-glass via (TGV) technology gives an attractive approach to wafer level packaging and systems integration. Glass can be made in very thin sheets (&lt;100 um thick) which aids in integration and eliminates the need for back-grinding operations. Electrical and physical properties of glass have many attractive attributes such as low RF loss, the ability to adjust thermal expansion properties, and low roughness with excellent flatness to achieve fine L/S. Furthermore, glass can be fabricated in panel format to reduce manufacturing costs. The biggest challenge to adopting glass as a packaging substrate has been the existence of gaps in the supply chain, caused primarily by the difficulty in handling large, thin glass substrates using standard automation and processing equipment. This paper presents a temporary bonding technology that allows the thin glass substrates to be processed in a semiconductor fab environment without the need to modify existing equipment.