bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN TINGKAT KEBERSYUKURAN PADA PEREMPUAN LAJANG DAN SUDAH MENIKAH
Authors: Rosadi Rosadi 
Published: January 2021

The sense of gratitude that women have is not always the same between single and married women. Subjects in this study were 46 participants aged 22-36 years. The instrument used in this study was the GQ-6 gratitude scale compiled by McCullough, Emmons & Tsang. The data analysis used was the 2-sample difference test technique, namely the Independent sample t-test. Based on the results of the research data analysis, it can be concluded that there are significant differences in single and married women related to the level of gratitude. This can be seen from the results of statistical data analysis with the t test technique which shows a probability value of 0.034> 0.05 which indicates a significant difference. Thus the difference in the average actually occurs in real terms. In conclusion, married women have a higher level of gratitude (M = 35.95) than single women (M = 34.04). Rasa kebersyukuran yang dimiliki oleh perempuan tidak selalu sama antara perempuan lajang dan menikah. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 46 orang partisipan yang berumur 22-36 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala syukur GQ-6 yang di susun oleh McCullough, Emmons & Tsang. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik uji perbedaan 2 sampel yaitu Independent sampel t-test. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian dapat diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada perempuan lajang dan sudah menikah terkait dengan tingkat kebersyukuran. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil analisis data statistik dengan teknik uji t yang menunjukkan nilai probabilitas 0,034 > 0,05 yang mengindikasikan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan. Dengan demikian perbedaan rata-rata yang ada benar-benar terjadi secara nyata. Sebagai kesimpulannya adalah perempuan yang sudah menikah memiliki tingkat kebersyukuran yang lebih tinggi (M = 35,95) dibandingkan perempuan lajang (M = 34,04).
Speech Function of Anies Baswedan in His Governor Inaugural Ceremony
Authors: Ritonga Ahmad Rifa'i , . Sumarsih . , Pulungan Anni Holila 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTLanguage forms a dialogue that becomes a very important matter in communicating. Dialogue is related with speech function. Halliday (1994) suggests that dialogue is a process of exchange involving two variables; those are: (1) a commodity to be exchanged; either information or good and service and (2) roles associated with exchange relations; either giving or demanding. Halliday (1994) states that there are four basic types of speech functions; those are: offer, statement, command, and question. This study tries to analyze the speech function of used by Anies Baswedan in his speech when he was ceremonially approved the governor of Jakarta in the Period of 2017-2022. Based on the data analysis, it was got that there are 75 independent clauses of which speech functions are statement, and there are 7 independent clauses of which speech functions are command. The speech functions of statement are in marked and unmarked mood, while the command ones are in unmarked mood. The types of speech function found in the speech are correlated with the function found in the speech are correlated with the function and the goal of the speech. Keywords: Speech Function, Speech, Governor, Inaugural Ceremony.
COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES IN CONVERSATION USED BY INTROVERT STUDENTS AT POLITEKNIK LP3I MEDAN
Authors: Harahap Sarah Monalisa , Pulungan Anni Holila , Ginting Siti Aisyah 
Published: January 2021

This study deals with the language communication strategies in conversation used by extrovert and introvert students at Politeknik LP3i Medan. It uses qualitative research design with a single case study to gain an understanding on this study. It is conducted descriptively. This study aims to find out the types of communication strategies in conversation used by introvert students of Politeknik LP3i Medan. The subjects were 10 persons of introvert and of Politeknik LP3I Medan. The use of instruments in this study were observation ,interview and documentation. The observation were the types of communication strategies in conversation used by extrovert and introvert students of Politeknik LP3i Medan. The interview was used to in depth the data. The theories of Celce-Murcia was used in this study. The data were analyzed by Spradley (1979) analysis. The result of the study there were three reason of communication strategy were used by students of Politeknik LP3I Medan. They are providing opportunities for practice strategy, proving list of needed vocabulary and remind forgotten words strategy.Keywords: Communication Strategies, the Reason Why the Introvert Students Used Communication Strategies in the Way They Do
DAMPAK PANDEMIC COVID 19 TERHADAP REAKSI PASAR PADA SEKTOR CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRY DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Irmayani Ni Wayan Dian 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti Dampak Pandemic COVID-19 sebagai bencana darurat nasional terhadap return pada saham sub sektor Consumer Good Industry di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang dilihat dari perbedaan average abnormal return saham sebelum dan sesudah Pandemic COVID-19 ditetapkan sebagai bencana darurat nasional pada tanggal 2 Maret 2020.
Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sub sektor Consumer Good Industry di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan jumlah 44 perusahaan sub sektor Consumer Good Industry. Dengan menggunakan metode census sampling meliputi keseluruhan populasi. Penelitian difokuskan pada periode jendela, yaitu 10 hari sebelum dan 10 hari sesudah tanggal peristiwa. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji paired sample t-test.
Dari penelitian yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah Pandemic COVID-19 ditetapkan sebagai bencana darurat nasional terhadap return saham perusahaan sub sektor Consumer Good Industry di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Hal ini dapat diketahui dari adanya penurunan average abnormal return pada periode jendela sesudah ditetapkannya Pandemic COVID-19 sebagai bencana darurat nasional. Adapun nilai average abnormal return periode jendela sebelum peristiwa adalah 0,00949 dan periode jendala sesudah adalah peristiwa -0,00252.
Potensi Antidioksidan Sediaan Nanopartikel Ekstrak Kernel Biji Limus (Mangifera foetida Lour)
Authors: Nurviana Vera 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAK
Antioksidan merupakan senyawa yang memiliki kemampuan menghambat aktivitas radikal bebas penyebab timbulnya penyakit degeneratif. Salah satu sumber bahan alam yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas antioksidan adalah limus (Mangifera foetida Lour.), sejenis mangga dari suku anacardiaceae yang merupakan buah lokal Indonesia. Ekstrak kernel biji limus (EBL) telah diketahui memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan. Aktivitas antoksidan dapat ditingkatkan dengan pembuatan sediaan nanopartikel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengupayakan peningkatan aktivitas antioksidan biji limus dengan memodifikasi ekstrak menjadi sediaan nanopartikel. Pembuatan sediaan nanopartikel dilakukan dengan metode gelasi ionik dan untuk memastikan terbentuknya nanopartikel ekstrak, dilakukan karakterisasi meliputi ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersi dan nilai zeta potensial. Peningkatan aktivitas antioksidan dari nanopartikel ekstrak biji limus (NEBL) dilakukan dengan cara membandingan nilai IC50-nya dengan nilai IC50 EBL, dan untuk melihat potensinya dilakukan dengan cara membandingkannya dengan Vitamin. Metode pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan yang digunakan adalah metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Data IC50 dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way Annova dan uji lanjut Post-hoc LSD dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh sediaan nanopartikel ekstrak biji limus yang memiliki karakteristik meliputi; ukuran partikel 2,91 nm, nilai indeks polidispersi 0, 456 dan nilai zeta potensial sebesar +56 mV dan nilai IC50 sebesar 1,166±0,021 µg/mL. Nilai IC50 dari EBL adalah 9,127±0,022 dan Vitamin C adalah 3,933±0,013. Modifikasi EBL menjadi sediaan NEBL dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan dan memiliki potensi yang sangat baik sebagai antioksidan alami karena memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang lebih kuat dibandingkan vitamin C (p<,05).
Kata kunci: Antioksidan, Limus, Mangifera foetida Lour, Nanopartikel.
A Case of ALK-Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Solitary Cutaneous Nodule
Authors: Potluri Venkat Sumanth , Youssef Ronnie , Fertig Raymond , Dhaliwal Parneet 
Published: January 2021

Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are a group of CD30 positive T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, accounting for only 3% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. As per the 2017 World Health Organization updated classification, there are four variants of ALCL: anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive, ALK negative, primary cutaneous, and breast-implant associated. The different variants of ALCL share overlapping clinical presentations and pathologic features, creating a diagnostic challenge. A 71-year-old woman with a past history of T-cell lymphoma presented with a progressively growing nodule on her back for approximately 3 months. Physical exam demonstrated a 8.0 x 8.0 cm pink nodular indurated plaque located on her left upper back. A punch biopsy of the lesion revealed medium to large mononuclear cells with nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, and scattered mitotic figures. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated cells that were positive for CD30 and negative for ALK. Based on clinical and histopathologic findings, a diagnosis of ALCL was rendered. Differential diagnosis included primary cutaneous ALCL and cutaneous involvement by systemic ALK(-) ALCL. This case demonstrates the importance of clinicopathologic correlation in diagnosing ALCL and guiding therapy.
Role of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in the diagnosis of Prostatic Cancer.
Authors: Zafar Sara , Shazlee Kashif , Azmat Uzma , Darira Jaideep , Hameed Kamran , Gul Rafay 
Published: January 2021

Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a vital role in diagnosing prostatic cancer routinely done before biopsy for the lesion's extent and defining the correct path for ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) is a non-invasive MRI sequence that shows improved sensitivity and specificity in the same setting with no additional cost. The study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of DWI in the detection of prostatic cancer.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the radiology department of Dr. Ziauddin University Hospital between 15/ 04 /2016 to 15/ 4 /2017. A total of 201 patients who were clinically suspected of having prostatic tumors were in this study's inclusion criteria. MRI, including DWI, was done. The final diagnosis was based on an analysis of the histopathology report.
Results: Out of 201 males with clinical suspicious of prostatic cancer, 160 were diagnosed with prostatic cancer on histopathology. Of these, 150 were positive on DWI. The sensitivity of diffusion-weighted MRI was found to be 93.7%, 75.60% specificity, and 90.0% diagnostic accuracy (DA) for the diagnosis of prostatic cancer.
Conclusion: Diffusion-weighted sequence in MRI examination has a vital role in diagnosing prostatic cancer and should be considered a routine pre-biopsy investigation along with MRI in clinically suspected cases of prostate cancer.
Macromolecular characterization and growth kinetics of Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella Vulgaris as affected by different media (synthetic and Anaerobic Digestor Effluent) - A comparative study.
Authors: Abid Aasima , Khan Huriya , Fatima Zeb Tahseen , Syed Muneeb Uddin  , Amin Rafat , Khan Sadaf , Ali Shaukat 
Published: January 2021

Background: Global concern about the availability of irrefragable, nutritious food to the masses to eliminate malnutrition had raised interest in microalgae-based dietary supplements. Furthermore, improper disposal of industrial wastewater is contaminating freshwater resources around the world, which is increasing the demand for eco-friendly water recycling strategies. The focus has been shifted to the use of microalgae because of their ability to treat wastewater and their biotechnological applications. Among them, Chlorella Vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis are attracting considerable attention for their effective growth on wastewater and their nutritional value and use in biofuel production.
Methodology: Cultures of C. Vulgaris and A. platensis were subjected to different growth conditions to analyze their growth kinetics and biomass production in their respective synthetic media and Anaerobic Digestor Effluent (ADE). The biomass produced was further analyzed for its protein (Lowry method), carbohydrate (phenol-sulfuric method), and lipid (Bligh and Dyer method) content.
Results: The results obtained through the growth kinetics study showed that C. Vulgaris and A. platensis display a better growth rate on ADE at higher light intensities as compared to cultures growing on synthetic media. Significantly different levels of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid were also reported. C. Vulgaris grown on ADE had 78.5% protein content compared to 62% achieved in F/2 medium. Similarly, 7.6% of carbohydrate content was achieved in ADE compared to 6% in F/2. Lipid content however was much higher in F/2 (22%) compared to ADE (13%). The culture of A. platensis grown on ADE had 84% protein content compared to 71% achieved in Zarrouk’s medium. Similarly, 11.7% of carbohydrate content was achieved in ADE compared to 16.6% in Zarrouk’s. Lipid content in A. platensis was found to be very low (3%).
Conclusion: The present study builds an understanding of the relationship between different factors contributing to economical microalgae production and macromolecular characterization of the targeted microalgae for analyzing its potential applications and uses. The study further suggests the added advantage of cost-effective production of algal biomass with an added advantage of phycoremediation using ADE as growth media.
Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract (EGb 761) on Lead-induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats.
Authors: Amjad Zaheer , Shabbir Sanya , Mughal Amna , Fatima Zeb Tahseen , Amin Rafat , Mirza Talat 
Published: January 2021

Background: Lead is a well-known omnipresent environmental toxin that is harmful to almost any system of the body. Kidneys being the major site of excretion, are very susceptible to its toxic effects. The damage usually involves the proximal convoluted tubules (PCTs) and glomeruli, mainly because of the oxidative stress induced by lead. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761), being known to have natural anti-oxidative properties, was used in this study to see whether it ameliorates the lead-induced nephrotoxic effects of not.
Methodology: Twenty male Wistar albino rats were divided into four equal groups. Group A was kept as control and given nothing, Group B was given 8 mg/kg body weight lead acetate intraperitoneally, Group C was given EGb 761 100 mg/kg body weight orally and Group D received both lead acetate as well as EGb 761 simultaneously in the above-mentioned doses. The treatment continued daily for 42 days, after which the rats were sacrificed and histomorphological and immunohistochemical parameters were studied from the extracted kidneys.
Results: Lead-induced histomorphological changes, including widened PCTs, contracted glomeruli, decreased and pyknotic nuclei and widened urinary spaces, were all reverted to near control in Group D animals. EGb 761 itself did not produce changes in Group C rats except that expression of laminin was marginally decreased. Overall, the laminin expression was not much affected in any of the groups.
Conclusion: The present study suggests an ameliorating effect of EGb 761 on lead-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats. At the same time, other major paralogues of laminin need to be incorporated into the study to see the specific paralogue which is affected in lead-induced nephrotoxicity.
Curcumin attenuates sensorimotor deficits induced by selective neuronal loss: A study in middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model of transient ischemic stroke.
Authors: Shamim Mufzala , Iqbal Khan Nazish 
Published: January 2021

Background: Ischemic stroke is the most prevalent and major pathological stroke type. Increased systemic oxidative stress is a crucial underlying pathophysiological mechanism of ischemic stroke. In this regard, therapeutic interventions targeting oxidative stress management would be a promising avenue. Curcumin is well recognized to counteract various pathologies effectively. The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of curcumin against ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced selective neuronal damage.
Methodology: Present study employed an ischemic brain injury model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in Wistar albino rats. Experimental groups (n=36; age-matched, female, weighing 200-240 g) were control, sham-operated, MCAO (15 min occlusion + 24 hrs. reperfusion) and curcumin-treated pre-stroke group (received curcumin 300 mg/kg body weight/day, I/P, for 30 days followed by MCAO). With the completion of the experimental protocol, sensorimotor deficits were examined by behavioral tests, including neurological deficit score, foot fault test, forelimb placing test, corner turn test, and wire hanging test.
Results: Compared to MCAO rats, curcumin-treated MCAO rats showed better neurological functioning (p<0.05) as exhibited by substantial reductions in neurological score. Compared with stroke group, curcumin treated group showed better functional outcomes as displayed by improved scores in foot fault index, and forelimb placing test (p<0.01), fewer left turns (p<0.01) in corner turn test, and prolonged grip latency in wire hanging test (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The present study showed that designed curcumin treatment effectively manages MCAO-induced sensorimotor dysfunction by preventing selective neuronal loss after the ischemic attack, attributed to its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory potentials.
Antibiogram status of Commensal Strains involved in Multidrug Resistance recovered from famous street foods of Karachi: A threat for public health.
Authors: Mehboob Aneela , Abbas Tanveer 
Published: January 2021

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is, as of now, the quintessential issue these days and commensal microorganisms are contributing their part efficiently in disseminating resistance. Thus, this investigation aimed to determine the antibiogram pattern of bacteria recovered from street vended foods in Karachi city.
Methodology: Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion technique was done to check the sensitivity pattern of foodborne bacteria towards 11 standard antibiotics with a range of (11 - 40 mm) inhibition zone.
Results: Nearly all the tested food isolates showed resistance towards oxacillin and amoxicillin. Strains of S. faecalis demonstrated 100 % resistance against gentamicin, chloramphenicol, oxacillin, tobramycin, and streptomycin. Ready-to-eat food contaminated with a high bacterial count is an important matter of concern.
Conclusion: Commensal bacteria are responsible for several foodborne sicknesses and are involved in the mechanism of lateral gene transfer. Hence, the exploitation of drugs and violation of acceptable sanitation standards and good hygiene practices must be restricted to restrain the antimicrobial drug resistance and provide good quality food that fulfills the requirements of consumers' wellbeing.
Assessment of vitamin D levels in association with clinical determinants in females with hip fracture.
Authors: Alam Muhammad Afaque , Ali Muhammad Qasim , Javeed Muhammad Imran , Ali Shah Syed Kamran , Khan Zafrullah , Syed Jahanzeb  
Published: January 2021

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of falls and hip fractures in older adults. Risk factors are suboptimal sunlight exposure and the lower cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D, reduced dietary intake of D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol), impaired intestinal absorption, and impaired hydroxylation in the liver and kidneys. The present study's objective was to determine the frequency of vitamin D levels in females with hip fractures presenting to a tertiary care facility in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, from 17th May to 16th November 2016. A total of 123 females with Hip fracture of ≤ 4 weeks were included in this study. Patient's age, occupation, education level, and comorbidities like diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and Vitamin D levels were observed. The patient was labeled with vitamin D sufficiency, insufficiency, and deficiency on the basis of Vitamin D levels. Stratification was done, and the post-stratification Chi-square test was applied.
Results: The mean age of study participant was 60.32 ± 9.14 years and the mean duration of fracture was 12.27 ± 5.84 days, Body Mass Index (BMI) was 24.57 ± 2.77 kg/m2, vitamin D level was 18.28 ± 8.10 ng/ml. Only 8.9% were found with sufficient vitamin D levels. Insufficiency was found in 28.5% of patients. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 62.6% of patients.
Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is common in elderly female patients with hip fractures and is associated with age and DM. This initial work warrants further larger-scale studies of vitamin D variations.
Antioxidant effects of Moringa oleifera seed oil against oxidative stress induced by alloxan in rats.
Authors: Sajid Abeer , Naz Lubna , Mughal Akbar , Yasmeen Ghazala , Iqbal Nazish , Sohail Sumera 
Published: January 2021

Background: Type I diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome manifested with chronic hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin secretion. Hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus has been associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with inflammatory mediators. There is no allopathic cure for T1DM; therefore, novel strategies for cost-effective plant origin treatments are needed to be formulated with fewer side effects. The research aims to analyze the potential effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) seed oil, tracking certain biochemical markers and antioxidant enzymes in Alloxan induced diabetic rats.
Methodology: Eighteen male Wistar rats having weights of 180-220 g were distributed into 3 groups (n=6). Group I: served as Control group, Group II: served as Alloxan treated and Group III: served as Alloxan + MO treated. Diabetes was induced via intraperitoneally administered Alloxan dissolved in 0.9 % NaCl solution (120 mg/kg body weight). In group III, rats were also given 1.5 ml/kg body weight of MO seed oil daily from 4th day of Alloxan administration. The rats were decapitated just after the 21st day for biochemical and antioxidant assessments.
Results: Treatment with MO seed oil has shown a significant decrease (p<0.05) in plasma glucose, serum urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. In contrast, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were not-significant (p>0.05) as compared with untreated control groups. Insulin and total protein levels had a significant increase (p<0.05) in Alloxan+MO treated group compared to the Alloxan treated group. Also, the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased (p<0.05), whereas catalase (CAT) activity was not-significant (p>0.05) in Alloxan+MO treated group as compared with Alloxan treated group.
Conclusion: Our study showed that MO seed oil is a potent anti-oxidative hypoglycemic agent capable of improving other clinical conditions related to either oxidative stress or diabetes mellitus, such as the hepatic, renal and pancreatic functions.