bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2-CdS composite nanofibers under sunlight irradiation**
Authors: Kudhier Muhsin A. , ALKareem Roonak Abdul Salam A. , Sabry Raad S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Pure TiO2 and TiO2-CdS composite nanofibers were synthesized through electrospinning technique. The effects of various levels of CdS loading in a TiO2 nanofibers composite were investigated. Pure TiO2 nanofibers were polycrystalline with an anatase phase, whereas anatase and wurtzite phases coexisted in the TiO2-CdS composite nanofibers, according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and UV-Visible spectroscopy, the impacts of composite CdS nanoparticles with TiO2 nanofibers were investigated. Pure TiO2 nanofibers have a smooth surface with several microns in length and 21–48 nm in diameter, but when CdS nanoparticles are added, the surface becomes granular. The energy band gap (Eg) evaluated from UV-Visible spectroscopy reduced from a value of 3.70 eV for pure TiO2 nanofibers to 1.70 eV for TiO2-1CdS nanofibers. Photocatalytic properties of pure TiO2 and TiO2-CdS composite nanofibers were calculated by a methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution degradation under sunlight irradiation. The results revealed that TiO2-0.5CdS nanofibers have efficient photocatalytic activity of up to 98 % after only 60 min.
Observation of elastic heterogeneity and phase evolution in 2D layered perovskites using coherent acoustic phonons
Authors: Wang Junzhong , Zhu Jiaqi , Jiang Yiqi , Li Mengying , Yu Kuai , Wang Guo Ping 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) organic–inorganic perovskites have shown interesting optical properties due to the natural quantum-well structures. The repetition of soft organic and hard inorganic intercalations also renders 2D perovskites rich phonon dynamics. Here, we investigated the coherent acoustic phonons in (PEA)2PbI4 perovskite films by time-resolved Brillouin spectroscopy. The coherent acoustic phonons were launched indirectly in perovskite films by exciting Au nanoplates which were used as optoacoustic transducers. A longitudinal sound velocity ν = 1937 ± 31 m/s, and an elastic modulus E = 9.84 GPa along the cross-plane direction of perovskites were obtained from analysis of the Brillouin oscillation frequency. Following a bead-spring model, we calculated a spring constant k ≈ 1.709 N m−1 for PEA cations which is comparably small for perovskites. We also demonstrated that coherent acoustic phonons are sensitive to differentiate structural heterogeneity and monitor dynamic phase evolution in perovskite films. Domains of PbI2-rich and PbI2-poor phases were identified. Under light stimulus, PbI2-poor phases were gradually disappearing and PbI2-rich phases became crystallized. The observations of structural and elastic heterogeneity and dynamic phase evolution using coherent acoustic phonons provide a toolbox for submicroscale elastic characterization of perovskites.
All-optical binary computation based on inverse design method
Authors: Qi Huixin , Du Zhuochen , Yang Jiayu , Hu Xiaoyong , Gong Qihuang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The development of information technology urgently requires ultrafast, ultra-low energy consumption and ultra-high-capacity data computing abilities. Traditional computing method of electronic chips is limited by the bottleneck of Moore’s Law. All-optical computing of photonic chips provides a promising way to realize such high-performance data computing abilities. Until now, it is still a huge challenge to realize all-optical four arithmetic operations at the same time on a photonic chip. Here, we propose a new encoding scheme for all-optical binary computation, including n-bit addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. We theoretically present n-bit calculation and experimentally demonstrate 1 bit calculation. The computation part includes a half binary adder and a shifter, whose feature sizes are only 2 μm × 19.5 μm and 4 μm × 9 μm, respectively. The half binary adder and shifter consist of three low-loss basic devices through inverse design method. The distance between two adjacent basic devices is smaller than 1.5 μm, within wavelength magnitude scale. The response time is the propagation time of the signal light in a single device, within 100 fs. The threshold energy consumption is within 10 fJ/bit. Our results provide a new method to realize ultrafast, ultra-low energy consumption and ultra-high-capacity data processing abilities all-optical n-bit binary computing.
Reception through Polemics: The Internalization of Theological Otherness in Jerome’s Heresiology
Authors: Pålsson Katarina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Early Christian heresiology is, like polemics in general, a genre that has commonly been negatively perceived in scholarship. There is an idea of heresiological texts as not only historically unreliable, but also unproductive, in contrast to the creative thinking that can be found in theological treatises. Considering the understanding of heresiology as reactive and exclusive, it is not surprising that heresiological works have seldom been examined in reception studies. The present article wants to challenge the idea of heresiological work as merely rejecting heresies in the defence of a pre-existing orthodoxy, by applying a dialogical reading to the work Adversus Iovinianum by Jerome of Stridon, a treatise in which he defended the superiority of virginity over marriage against Jovinian’s idea of the equality of all the baptized. Building on the understanding of dialogue expressed by Mikhail Bakhtin, as well as his concept of hybridity, the article analyses how Jerome, instead of simply rejecting core elements of Jovinian’s ideas, such as the goodness of marriage and the natural condition of human beings, rather reappropriates them and integrates them into his making of orthodoxy. The result is a hybrid construction in which anti-ascetic arguments are integrated in a rhetoric of asceticism.
Impact of lead on the amount of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the leaves of Triticum durum and T. aestivum, Hordeum vulgare and Avena sativa
Authors: Souahi H. 
Published: October 2021

Lead is one of the most dangerous pollutants to both the environment and humans. It causes structural changes in photosynthetic apparatus and reduced biosynthesis of chlorophyll pigments inhibits carbon metabolism. The aim of our study was to determine the dynamics of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of wheat (Triticum durum and T. aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and oats (Avena sativa) at different lead acetate, Pb(CH3COO)2 levels: 0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.60 g/L. The results of this research indicate that these concentrations significantly affected chlorophyll content of H. vulgare and A. sativa as compared to T. durum and T. aestivum. Analysis of variance showed that lead concentration and interaction between cereal species had a significant effect on all chlorophyll characteristics at 0.1% probability and on carotenoids contents at 1% significance. Lead acetate in 0.3 and 0.6 g/L concentrations had a highly significant effect on chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids in H. vulgare seedlings, its carotenoid contents increased from 0.002 mg/g FW at 0 g/L to 0.107 mg/g FW at 0.6 g/L, whereas its chlorophyll content decreased under heavy metal stress, corresponding to the concentration of the metal ion. Carotenoids of A. sativa were not affected compared to Chl a and Chl b, while higher concentrations significantly increased chlorophyll contents of the seedlings from 1.384 mg/g FW of total chlorophyll at 0 g/L to 1.883 mg/g FW at 0.6 g/L. The increased amount of carotenoids was indicative of the formation of free radicals in plants under heavy metal stress, while decreased levels of chlorophyll content were an indication of reduction in the growth of the plants leading to decrease in the yield. It is suggested that chlorophyll content can be adopted as a very useful in vivo indicator of heavy metal toxicity.
Soluble curcumin ameliorates motility, adhesiveness and abrogate parthanatos in cadmium-exposed retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Nedzvetsky V. S. , Gasso V. Y. , Agca C. A. , Sukharenko E. V. 
Published: October 2021

Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential transition metal and one of the most toxic environmental pollutants. Industrial, agricultural and urban activities are the main sources of Cd environmental contamination. Multiple deleterious effects of Cd exposure were reported for different cell types and living organisms in a great number of research papers. Cd bioaccumulation hazard is mediated by the relatively long half-life of this metal in an organism. For example, in mammals its half-life lasts for about 10–30 years. Cd exposure affects many tissues. However, some of them, including the central nervous system and sensory organs, are most susceptible to its toxicity. The harmful effects of Cd could be linked to oxidative stress generation and consequently intracellular signalling disruption. Since Cd induces redox imbalance the antioxidants could be a prospective tool to ameliorate Cd cytotoxicity. In present work, we have studied the protective efficacy of soluble curcumin on Cd-caused retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells viability, reactive oxygen species production, adhesive and extracellular matrix proteins expression, cell migration and parthanatos level. Low dose (5 µM) of soluble curcumin ameliorated all aforementioned indices of Cd-induced cytotoxicity. Curcumin has restored the RPE cells motility as well as fibronectin and E-cadherin expression. Therefore, the modulation of RPE adhesiveness could be regarded as a cytoprotective effect of curcumin. Furthermore, Cd-caused poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) suppression and cleaved PARP-1 upregulation were ameliorated by curcumin exposure. Therefore, the protective effect of soluble curcumin could be related, at least partially, to the modulation of PARP activity and inhibition of parthanatos flux. The observed results have demonstrated that low doses of soluble curcumin are a promising tool to protect RPE cells against Cd-caused retinal injury.
Ecology of zoophilic flies in livestock biocenoses of Ukraine
Authors: Paliy A. P. , Mashkey A. N. , Faly L. I. , Kysterna O. S. , Rebenko H. I. , Palii A. P. 
Published: October 2021

In modern animal husbandry of Ukraine, there are still some unresolved issues related to the high number of zoophilic flies in the territories of facilities and the spread of animal infectious and parasitic diseases. A detailed study of bioecological peculiarities of the dominant zoophilic fly species contributes to improving the effectiveness of measures to control ectoparasites. 27 zoophilic fly species have been found in animal breeding complexes. The maximum number of parasitic Diptera species was recorded on cattle-keeping premises. The biological properties of Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) (size, shape, colour, duration of preimaginal phase development) were studied. Also, we studied the dynamics of the number and daily activity of dominant fly species (Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758, M. autumnalis De Geer, 1776, Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus, 1758)). When studying the intraspecies competition, a high-degree survival of M. domestica and M. autumnalis was determined in the conditions of critical nutritional deficiency (0.5 g of nutrient medium per larva) and increased density of individuals (the imago emergence was 38.6% and 34.0%, respectively). In similar maintenance conditions, the emergence of N. cornicina imago was low (14.6%). With a two-fold increase in the insectarium volume and in the amount of nutrient medium (1 g per larva), the imago emergence of M. domestica, M. autumnalis and N. cornicina increased to 64.0%, 39.2%, and 24.0%, respectively. With an even greater increase in the amount of nutrient medium (2 g per larva), the maximum emergence of imagoes of all the studied fly species was observed (M. domestica, M. autumnalis, and N. cornicina: 96.6%, 91.2% and 72.6%, respectively). In the conditions of interspecific competition, M. autumnalis suppressed N. cornicina even in conditions of a sufficient amount of nutrient substrate. In the competition between M. domestica and M. autumnalis, house fly dominated. Increasing the nutrient medium volume narrowed the gap between the competing species.
Compressive behavior of light–gauge steel tubes filled with concrete containing recycled aggregates
Authors: Sulaiman Alaa , Hunaiti Yasser , Abdel-Jaber Mu’tasim , Abdel-Jaber Ma’en 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The axial capacity of light–gauge steel tube columns filled with concrete including recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates and recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) was investigated. A total of 51 specimens, including 6 bare steel tubes, 30 composite columns and 15 concrete-only columns were tested under uniaxial load. Fifteen concrete mixes were considered by replacing the weight of natural coarse aggregates (NA) with RCA and RAP at replacement levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%. In addition, RAP and RCA were combined in the same mixes with replacement levels of (1) 20% RAP and 80% RCA; (2) 40% RAP and 60% RCA; (3) 60% RAP and 40% RCA; and (4) 80% RAP and 20% RCA. Experimental results were analyzed by reporting the ultimate capacities and the patterns of failure. Moreover, the predictions of EUROCODE 4 (EC4) and American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) codes were checked. ABAQUS software was used to perform a finite element analysis (FEA) of the tested composite specimens. The results showed that using recycled aggregates decreased the carrying capacity of columns. Carrying capacity of light–gauge steel tubes filled with concrete including different combinations of RCA, NA and RAP aggregates can be conservatively predicted by the AISC and EC4 recommendations. Results of FEA showed a good agreement with the experimental results.
Recommendation of RILEM TC 258-AAA: RILEM AAR-0 outline guide to the use of RILEM methods in the assessment of the alkali-reactivity potential of concrete
Authors: Rønning Terje F. , Wigum Børge Johannes , Lindgård Jan , Nixon Philip , Sims Ian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis outline guide, RILEM AAR-0, describes how to use the following test methods in the assessment of the alkali reactivity potential of aggregates and concrete. The test methods included are:AAR-1.1 Petrographic examination method (2016)AAR-1.2 Recommended guidance (Atlas) (2016)AAR-2 Accelerated mortar-bar method (2016)AAR-3.1 & AAR-3.2 Concrete prism test—38 °C (2016)AAR-4.1 Concrete prism test—60 °C (2016)AAR-5 Screening test for carbonate aggregates (2016)AAR-8 Determination of alkalis releasable by aggregates in concrete (2021)AAR-10.1 & 10.2 Concrete prism test—38 °C (2021)AAR-11.1, 11.2 & 11.3 Concrete prisms test—60 °C test method (2021)AAR-12.1, 12.2 & 12.3 Concrete prisms—60 °C test method with alkali supply (2021)AAR-13 Application of alkali-wrapping for concrete prism testing (2021)This recommendation has been prepared by a working group within RILEM TC 258-AAA. The recommendation has been reviewed and approved by all members of the TC.
Stereotactic‐EEG‐guided radiofrequency multiple hippocampal transection (SEEG‐guided‐RF‐MHT) for the treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: a minimally invasive method for diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Losarcos Naiara Garcia , Miller Jonathan , Fastenau Philip , Amina Shahram , Bailey Christopher , Deveraux Michael , Vaca Guadalupe Fernandez‐Baca , Eyring Lauren Ghanma , Lacuey Nuria , Park Jun , Rose Michael , Shahid Asim , Thyagaraj Suraj , Zande Jonathan , Lüders Hans 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjective. For the treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy on the language‐dominant side in patients at high risk of memory decline, we propose a minimally invasive diagnostic and treatment technique, adopting the principles of multiple hippocampal transections (MHT) using stereo‐electroencephalography‐guided radiofrequency (SEEG‐guided‐RF‐MHT). This new technique allows targeting of the longitudinal fibers in the hippocampus critical for seizure spreading, while sparing the transverse circuits which are considered important for memory processing and avoiding discomfort and longer post‐operatory recovery time associated with craniotomies. We report the efficacy and safety of this procedure in a preliminary observational study of cases.Methods. Five patients at high risk of memory decline, including three with non‐lesional hippocampi on MRI, had temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) necessitating depth electrode implantation. A new strategy of SEEG electrode placement was used to mimic MHT. After confirming hippocampal seizure onset, all the patients had three linear ablations perpendicular to the amigdalohippocampal complex. The procedure was performed at the patient's bedside with the patient awake during the full length of the procedure.Results. Four out of five patients were seizure‐free (average follow up: 14–18 months). There were no associated complications. Visual inspection of brain MRI of patients at six months following SEEG‐guided RF‐MHT showed significant hippocampal volume preservation. Subjects who received the procedure in the dominant side reported no subjective memory complaints in the follow‐up clinic assessments at six months.Significance. Our preliminary seizure outcome seems very promising since the majority of our patients (four out of five patients) were seizure‐free. Since no lesions are made outside the amygdalo‐hippocampal complex using this technique and the temporal stem remains intact, more favorable memory and language outcome is expected in patients at high risk of memory decline.
Musicogenic epilepsy in paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: a video‐EEG case report
Authors: Morano Alessandra , Orlando Biagio , Fanella Martina , Irelli Emanuele Cerulli , Colonnese Claudio , Quarato Pierpaolo , Giallonardo Anna Teresa , Di Bonaventura Carlo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMusicogenic epilepsy (ME), a peculiar form of reflex epilepsy, represents a neurological rarity and yet another demonstration of the extraordinary power of music on the human brain. Despite the heterogeneity of the reported musical triggers, patients' emotional response to music is thought to play a crucial role in provoking seizures. Accordingly, the mesial temporal structures (especially of the non‐dominant hemisphere) appear most involved in seizure generation, although a more complex fronto‐temporal epileptogenic network was documented in some cases. Autoimmune encephalitis has been recently included among the many possible aetiologies of ME based on a few reports of music‐induced seizures in patients with anti‐glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies. Here, we describe the case of a 25‐year‐old man, educated in music over a long period of time, who had suffered from drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy following seronegative limbic encephalitis related to non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. Along with spontaneous events, the patient also developed musicogenic seizures later in the disease course. After detecting five music‐induced episodes via 24‐hour ambulatory EEG, we performed prolonged video‐EEG monitoring during which the patient presented a right temporal seizure (characterized by déjà‐vu, piloerection and gustatory hallucinations) while listening to a hard rock song through headphones (which he had not previously heard). This observation allowed us to confirm the provoking effect of the music on our patient's seizures, despite the lack of any emotional drive, which suggests that a “cognitive” trigger was more likely in this case. Our report further highlights that autoimmune encephalitis should be investigated as a novel potential cause of musicogenic epilepsy, regardless of autoantibody status.
Evaluation of absences and myoclonic seizures in adults with genetic (idiopathic) generalized epilepsy: a comparison between self‐evaluation and objective evaluation based on home video‐EEG telemetry
Authors: Elmali Ayse Deniz , Begley Kate , Chester Helen , Cooper Jade , Moreira Claudia , Sharma Simeran , Whelan Aoife , Leschziner Guy , Richardson Mark Philip , Stern Wiliam , Koutroumanidis Michalis 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjective. People with focal epilepsies are known to under‐document their seizures, but there is no data on self‐documentation in adults with genetic (idiopathic) generalized epilepsy (GGE/IGE). We assessed the accuracy of self‐evaluation of typical absences (TA) or myoclonic seizures (MS) in adults with IGE based on home video‐EEG telemetry (HVET).Methods. Patients' own estimates were compared to the objective count of definite TA and MS, performed visually. We considered definite TA as generalized spike‐wave discharges (GSWD) that met any of the following criteria: 1) coinciding with clear behavioural arrest on video, 2) followed after a few seconds by positive indication that an absence occurred, or 3) in the absence of video, consistently coinciding with clear motor arrest, as evidenced by interruption of continuous muscle activity. For each patient, we also classified probable TA as GSWDs that were longer than those corresponding to the shortest definite TA on HVET or based on the most recent sleep‐deprived EEG (SDEEG).Results. From the first 300 consecutive adults who had HVET, 24 had IGE with TA and / or MS; 23 were women. Only one patient had newly diagnosed IGE. Erroneous self‐assessment of TA and MS was noted in 16/24 patients (66.7%). Seizures were overestimated in nine (37.5%) and underestimated in seven (29.2%). Only one patient (4.2%) documented all her TA and MS without false‐positive estimates. Overestimation (but not underestimation) of TA on HVET could be predicted when patients reported daily or multiple weekly TA and a recent SDEEG was either normal or contained only subclinical GSWD (p=0.0095).Significance. Under‐ and over‐self‐documentation of TA and MS occurred in two thirds of adults with GGE/IGE, with substantial impact on their outpatient management and treatment. Diagnostic HVET is a useful tool for the detection of erroneous self‐evaluation in these patients.
Early‐onset bradykinetic rigid syndrome and reflex seizures in a child with PURA syndrome
Authors: Solazzi Roberta , Fiorini Elena , Parrini Elena , Guerrini Renzo , Bernardina Bernardo Dalla , Nardocci Nardo , Cantalupo Gaetano 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPURA syndrome is a distinct form of developmental encephalopathy, characterized by early‐onset hypotonia, severe developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy and respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders. We report a child with PURA syndrome, harbouring a previously described mutation, whose phenotype included two peculiar aspects: (1) hypokinetic‐rigid syndrome, which was part of the clinical presentation from an early stage of the disease, and (2) reflex seizures, consisting of a series of spasms. We provide detailed clinical description and video recordings demonstrating both these aspects that are newly described in PURA syndrome. The early clinical features described here may therefore be included in the complex phenotype associated with PURA gene mutations and may help in the early diagnosis of patients. Furthermore, PURA syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of early‐onset bradykinetic rigid syndromes.