bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sub-acute hypersensitive reaction to botulinum toxin type A following Covid-19 vaccination
Authors: Guo Xiaoshuang , Li Tongtong , Wang Ye , Jin Xiaolei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) is one of the most widely used injectable agents in cosmetic surgery. Corona virus disease 2019 (Covid-19) infection and vaccination, which can induce specific and nonspecific activation of the immune system, has been reported to induce delayed inflammatory reactions to previously injected hyaluronic acid fillers. However, there are no reports about the interaction between BTA and Covid-19. We aimed to report 2 sub-acute cases of allergic reactions to BTA in facial cosmesis following the Covid-19 vaccination.

Patient concern:
A 35-year-old and a 34-year-old female who has several previous BTA injections without any adverse effects experienced facial swelling, flu-like symptoms after BTA treatment following the Covid-19 vaccination.

Diagnose:
According to the typical clinical manifestation, a hypersensitive reaction to BTA was considered.

Intervention:
Corticosteroids and antihistamine were administered empirically.

Outcomes:
The flu-like symptoms recovered over the next day, but the facial swelling gradually faded within 1 to 2 weeks.

Lessons:
A literature review was also conducted to summarize the hypersensitive actions to cosmesis related to Covid-19. We recommend BTA injection be administered at least 2 to 3 months after Covid-19 vaccination.
Fast and precise pathogen detection and identification of overlapping infection in patients with CUTI based on metagenomic next-generation sequencing
Authors: Zhang Manyu , Wang Weixiu , Li Xue , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Yang Dingwei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
The gold standard for pathogen detection and identification of complicated urinary tract infection (CUTI) remains quantitative urine culture, however, the diagnostic value of urine culture remains limited due to the time-consuming procedure and low detection rate. Here we report a case of successfully using Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) provided fast and precise detection and identification of overlapping infection in patients with CUTI with no similar reports or studies published before to the best of our knowledge.

Patient concerns:
A 70-year-old male was admitted to hospital due to elevated serum creatinine for 2 weeks.

Diagnoses:
Acute exacerbation of chronic renal failure and CUTI were the most critical diagnosis on admission.

Interventions:
Blood purification, bladder irrigation and aggressive anti-infective therapy were administered. But the empirical anti-infection therapy and the adjustment of treatment according to the evidence of urine culture drug sensitivity had no obvious effect. We further carried out urinary PMseq-DNA detection and the results showed overlapping infection with Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus hirae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas denitrificans and Candida albicans. According to the genetic test results, linezolid, meropenem and fluconazole triple anti-infection treatment was given.

Outcomes:
After adjusting the treatment, the infection was basically controlled in 10 days, and even the renal function was significantly improved, dialysis independence was achieved after 3 months.

Lessons:
Our case illustrated the potential application of mNGS in detecting pathogenic microorganisms in patients with CUTI especially when overlapping infections are present.
Removal of a congenital corneal dermoid through tumor excision and lamellar keratoplasty in a young child
Authors: Cui Yanyan , Yin Shan , Yin Xuewei , Liu Yonghui , Zhao Bojun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Corneal dermoids are a rare cause of corneal opacification, consisting of abnormal mesoblastic tissue surrounded by epithelium. Here, we describe the case of a 1-year-old child who had a congenital corneal dermoid in the left eye since birth; thus, the patient underwent tumor excision followed by keratoplasty.

Patient concern:
A 1-year-old girl was brought to the hospital by her parents, who had been noticing a mass on the surface of her left eyeball since birth. The patient had no other previous or concurrent disease nor family history for dermoids.

Clinical findings:
No abnormalities were present in the cornea and the anterior and posterior segments of the right eye. Eye movement, intraocular pressure, and the position of the upper eyelid of the left eye were normal. No signs of conjunctival hyperemia were present. The tumor presented as a yellowish-pink mass with hair and veins on the surface.

Diagnose:
The patient was initially diagnosed with a keratoconjunctival tumor of the left eye by a clinical doctor.

Interventions:
Corneal tumor resection combined with keratoplasty was performed in the patient. Eye drops with 1% cyclosporine were administered 3 times per day to prevent immune rejection.

Outcomes:
Based on postoperative pathological examinations, the final diagnosis was a corneal dermoid. The patient had an uneventful healing process and rapid corneal re-epithelization. The ocular surface was stable during the follow-up visits, and no complications emerged.

Lessons:
We report a rare case of congenital corneal dermoid. We learned that close follow-up is needed after surgery in such cases.
Cyanoacrylate injection treatment for postoperative leakage of Boerhaave's syndrome
Authors: Park Su Bee , Yum Yun Jin , Cha Jae Myung 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Surgical treatment remains the most effective option for treating Boerhaave's syndrome. However, in cases of postoperative anastomotic leakage of Boerhaave's syndrome, endoscopic interventions such as over-the-scope clip, stenting, or cyanoacrylate injection have emerged over reoperation.

Patient concerns:
We report the case of a 50-year-old male patient who presented with vomiting and abdominal pain after alcohol consumption. Laparoscopic surgery was performed for primary closure of a laceration at the lower esophagus, and for the closure of a Boerhaave's syndrome, which was detected by abdominal computed tomography. However, postoperative anastomotic leakage was confirmed through esophagography after the operation. In our case, endoscopic treatment with an over-the-scope clip and stenting were not effective for the repair of the anastomotic leakage, but cyanoacrylate injection successfully healed the anastomotic leakage.

Diagnoses:
Boerhaave's syndrome was initially detected by abdominal computed tomography, but postoperative anastomotic leakage after the operation was confirmed with esophagography.

Interventions:
A total of 2.0 cc of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and lipiodol mixture (at 1:1) was injected into the leakage tract through the perforation entrance.

Outcomes:
Complete healing of the anastomotic leakage was confirmed with a follow-up esophagoscopy.

Lessons:
N-butyl-2-cyanocrylate injection treatment can be used as a rescue option for postoperative leakage when over-the-scope clips and stenting fail for this indication.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for adenomyosis
Authors: Wang Jingru , Zhai Tairan , Sun Xiao , Du Xinran , Zhang Xinru , Shi Xuemeng , Shu Yang , Yan Xiao , Xia Qingchang , Ma Yuxia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Adenomyosis (AM) is a disease in which the endometrium (including glands and stroma) invades the myometrium and grows. The main clinical symptoms include menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, metrorrhagia, and dyspareunia, which will seriously affect the physical and mental health of patients, and most of which occur in women of childbearing age. Acupuncture, as a special external treatment of Traditional Chinese medicine, has shown good effects in the treatment of adenomyosis. At present, there is a lack of systematic review on acupuncture in the treatment of adenomyosis. We conduct this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of adenomyosis.

Methods
We will search Chinese and English databases: Medline, Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific and Journal Database, Wan Fang database (Wanfang), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) to identify articles of randomized clinical trials of acupuncture for adenomyosis. All above electronic databases will be searched from inception to September 30, 2021. RevMan 5.3 software will be used to conduct this systematic review. No language and publication status restrictions will be applied.

Results
The study will prove the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for adenomyosis.

Conclusion
We plan to submit this systematic review to a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number
CRD42021277136.
Prevalence and risk factors for cage subsidence after lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Li Qiujiang , Long Xingxia , Shi Lin , Wang Yinbin , Guan Tao , Lv Jinhan , Cai Lijun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) is an effective treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases. Cage subsidence (CS) contitutes one of the most common postoperative complications. Many risk factors for CS after LIF have been reported in some studies. However, controversies still exist. The objective of this study will be to summarize data on the prevalence and risk factors of CS after LIF.

Methods and analysis:
Our study present a protocol that conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors for CS after LIF. Two reviewers retrieved the relevant articles using the 5 databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) from inception to May 31st, 2021. Primary outcome will be the prevalence of CS after LIF. Second outcomes include the risk factors associated with postoperative CS and clinical outcomes associated with postoperative CS. Three reviewers will screen citation titles and abstracts and evaluated full-text of each potentially relevant citation, and then extracted the data using a data extraction form. Any discrepancies in decisions between reviewers will be resolved through discussion. We assessed the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies based on the Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). The aim of the extra analysis is to explore the explanations of the heterogeneity (age, gender, race, year of publication, type of study and surgical procedure). Publication bias will be assessed by Begg test, Egger test and funnel plots.

Ethics and dissemination:
No primary data will be collected and individual patient information and endangering participant rights, thus ethics approval is not required. Findings will be reported through publication and media.

Protocol registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42021257981 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#joinuppage).
Plug-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration via gastrocaval shunt for the gastric variceal bleeding
Authors: Jang Joo Yeon , Jeon Ung Bae , Kim Jin Hyeok , Kim Tae Un , Ryu Hwaseong , Cho Mong , Hong Young Mi , Yoon Ki Tae 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Most gastric varices at the fundus drain into the left renal vein via the gastrorenal shunt (80–85% of cases) or the inferior vena cava via the gastrocaval shunt (10–15%). Therefore, plug-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration (PARTO) is usually performed via a gastrorenal shunt. Here, we report a case of gastric varix treated with PARTO via a gastrocaval shunt.

Patient concerns:
A 46-year-old woman with hepatitis B virus and liver cirrhosis visited the emergency room in our hospital with the main symptom of hematemesis and hematochezia.

Diagnoses:
Endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) revealed a gastric varix and thrombotic-occluded transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) stent.

Interventions:
The patient underwent PARTO via a gastrocaval shunt to manage gastric variceal bleeding after failed TIPS revision.

Outcomes:
On CT, the gastric varix completely disappeared. The patient did not experience any additional bleeding events.

Lessons:
PARTO via a gastrocaval shunt is safe and effective.
A case report of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and autoimmune disease
Authors: Chaves Carolina , Nunes da Silva Tiago , Dias Pereira Bernardo , Anselmo João , Claro Isabel , Cavaco Branca M. , Saramago Ana , Leite Valeriano 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a familial syndrome that results from the disruption of a tumor suppressor protein called MENIN. Its management is challenging, as MEN1 affects different endocrine tissues and predisposes to both benign and malignant tumors. MENIN-deficient cells have recently been recognized to play a role in triggering autoimmunity. Herein, we present a case of MEN1 with multiple endocrine and autoimmune disorders.

Patient concerns:
A 50 years old female with a 25 years history of complicated nephrolithiasis presented with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Diagnoses:
Over several decades, she was diagnosed with recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, multinodular goiter, pernicious anemia, metastatic gastric type 1 neuroendocrine tumor, macroprolactinemia, gonadotropin deficiency, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the thyroid gland, positive anti-calcium sensor receptor antibodies, and BRCA 1/2-negative invasive breast cancer. The autoimmune regulator gene was sequenced, but no pathogenic variants were found. Next-generation sequencing revealed both a pathogenic MEN1 mutation and a benign CDC73 gene variant. Familial genetic screening revealed a large kindred with multiple carriers of one or both genetic variants (MEN1 = 19; CDC73 = 7).

Interventions:
The patient underwent surgical excision of three parathyroid glands, total thyroidectomy and breast tumorectomy plus tamoxifen, and monthly injections of octreotide. The patient and family members with the MEN1 mutation are under a life-long surveillance program for MEN1 prototypic tumors.

Outcomes:
The patient was stable and alive during a 24-years follow-up period.

Lessons:
With the present case, the authors highlight a new interplay between MENIN and the immune system, which may have implications for future targeted life-long surveillance and treatment of MEN1 patients.
Comparison of thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in adolescents with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, conduct disorders, and hyperkinetic disorders
Authors: Makarow-Gronert Agnieszka , Margulska Aleksandra , Strzelecki Dominik , Krajewska Katarzyna , Gmitrowicz Agnieszka , Gawlik-Kotelnicka Oliwia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to retrospectively compare values of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in adolescent patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, unipolar depression (UNI-DEP), conduct disorders (CD), and hyperkinetic disorders.
The research involved 1122 patients (718 women, 64%); aged 12 to 18 hospitalized in the Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz. We analyzed TSH levels in the whole study population and compared it between the above-mentioned subgroups of diagnoses.
Mean serum TSH concentration in the studied population (n = 1122) was 2.06 μIU/mL. The values of percentiles were as follows: 2.5th – 0.53 μIU/mL, 10th – 0.89 μIU/mL, 25th – 1.31 μIU/mL, 50th – 1.9 μIU/mL, 75th – 2.6 μIU/mL, 90th – 3.43 μIU/mL, 97.5th – 4.72 μIU/mL. TSH values were negatively correlated with patients’ age (P = .00001). Patients with bipolar depression had higher TSH levels than patients with CD (P = .002). Also, when male and female groups were examined separately we found that female patients with UNI-DEP and bipolar disorder had higher TSH levels than female patients with CD (P = .001; P = .001).
Our results confirm that there may be a higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions in bipolar and UNI-DEP subgroups among adolescents and that it is worthy to consider some kind of interventions regarding thyroid function in depressed individuals.
The association of early diarrhea after successful resuscitation following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with neurological outcome
Authors: Schriefl Christoph , Steininger Philipp , Clodi Christian , Mueller Matthias , Poppe Michael , Ettl Florian , Nuernberger Alexander , Grafeneder Juergen , Losert Heidrun , Schwameis Michael , Holzer Michael , Sterz Fritz , Schoergenhofer Christian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Gastrointestinal ischemia with reperfusion tissue injury contributes to post-cardiac arrest syndrome. We hypothesized that diarrhea is a symptom of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury and investigated whether the occurrence of early diarrhea (≤12 hours) after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation is associated with an unfavorable neurological outcome.
We analyzed data from the Vienna Clinical Cardiac Arrest Registry. Inclusion criteria comprised ≥18 years of age, a witnessed, non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), initial shockable rhythm, and ST-segment elevation in electrocardiogram after ROSC with consecutive coronary angiography. Patients with diarrhea caused by other factors (e.g., infections, antibiotic treatment, or chronic diseases) were excluded. The primary endpoint was neurological function between patients with or without “early diarrhea” (≤12 hours after ROSC) according to cerebral performance categories.
We included 156 patients between 2005 and 2012. The rate of unfavorable neurologic outcome was higher in patients with early diarrhea (67% vs 37%). In univariate analysis, the crude odds ratio for unfavorable neurologic outcome was 3.42 (95% confidence interval, 1.11–10.56, P = .03) for early diarrhea. After multivariate adjustment for traditional prognostication markers the odds ratio of early diarrhea was 5.90 (95% confidence interval, 1.28–27.06, P = .02).
In conclusion, early diarrhea within 12 hours after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation was associated with an unfavorable neurological outcome.
Fungal keratitis due to Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and a potential promising therapeutic effect of antibacterial agents
Authors: Kaplan Nasser M. , Al-Dwairi Rami A. , AlRabadi Nasr N. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Microbial keratitis is a serious potentially blinding corneal infection. Contact lens wear remains the most common predisposing factor. Fungal keratitis represent only a small fraction of the overall number of cases of contact lens-associated microbial keratitis, however they are proportionally more severe.

Patient concerns:
An 18-year-old female, who occasionally used eye cosmetic soft contact lenses, presented with pain, redness, and blurring of vision in her left eye.

Diagnosis:
The left eye showed decreased visual acuity, central corneal ulcer and abscess, and severe ciliary injection. A provisional diagnosis of infectious keratitis was considered.

Intervention:
Corneal scrapings were aseptically collected and directly inoculated onto sterile bacterial and fungal agar plates that were immediately incubated. The patient was admitted and started on topical and systemic antibacterial agents.

Outcomes:
The infection showed signs of satisfactory clinical resolution. However, the mold Scopulariopsis brevicaulis was isolated in pure colonies 5 days after presentation.

Conclusion:
We report the first case from Jordan of fungal keratitis caused by the mold S brevicaulis. A high index of suspicion is required for fungal keratitis caused by S brevicaulis in immunocompetent patients who wear contact lenses despite its rarity. This fungal infection was successfully treated using antibacterial agents. However, larger studies are recommended to investigate the clinical effectiveness of antimicrobial agents that have both antibacterial and antifungal effects and to assess their role as empirical therapeutic modalities for infectious keratitis.
Surgical treatment of sinonasal inverted papilloma
Authors: Kamel Reda H. , Khaled Ashraf , Abdelfattah Ahmed F. , Awad Ayman G. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose of review
To highlight how surgery of inverted papilloma has developed during the past year. Moreover, to give our own opinion on the state of research regarding inverted papilloma surgical management.

Recent findings
Recent studies covering surgical treatment of inverted papilloma concentrated on the optimum surgical management aiming at complete resection, least morbidity and best outcome, with special interest regarding the maxillary and frontal sinuses. In maxillary sinus inverted papilloma, to avoid empty nose and/or epiphora, recent articles exerted all attempts to preserve the integrity of both the inferior turbinate and nasolacrimal duct, yet offer best exposure of all maxillary sinus walls specially the anterior and inferior ones. These included the new modifications of the prelacrimal and Denker approaches and lateral nasal wall transposition. In frontal sinus inverted papilloma, to avoid an external approach and insure postoperative patency of frontal sinus ostium, the periorbital suspension was introduced and orbital transposition approach was comprehensively utilized especially in far lateral located lesions and/or in supraorbital recess involvement. Associated malignancy is an important issue to identify as management plans significantly differ. Recurrence occurs early within the first 2 years but long-term follow-up is mandatory.

Summary
Surgical procedures of sinonasal inverted papilloma are planned according to origin rather than the tumor extent. Origin targeted surgery and proper management of the site of attachment are the key to achieve complete surgical resection of sinonasal inverted papilloma. Recent trends advise the least destructive surgical techniques that offer best exposure, complete excision SNIP and least recurrence.
Addressing social determinants of health in pediatric health systems: balancing mission and financial sustainability
Authors: Melzer Sanford M. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose of review
With increasing recognition of the impact of poverty, racism and other social factors on child health, many pediatric health systems are undertaking interventions to address Social Determinants of Health (SDoH). This review summarizes these initiatives and recent developments in state and federal health policy impacting funding for these efforts.

Recent findings
Although the evidence defining optimal approaches to identifying and mitigating SDoH in children is still evolving, pediatric health systems are making significant investments in different initiatives to address SDoH. With limited reimbursement available through traditional payment streams, pediatric health systems and Accountable Care Organizations are looking to value-based payments to help fund these interventions. Federal and state policy changes, including use of Medicaid funds for nonmedical interventions and introduction of the Accountable Health Communities model to pediatrics, offer additional funding sources to address SDoH.

Summary
Initiatives among mission-driven pediatric health systems to address SDoH are increasingly common despite funding challenges. Value-based payments, expansion of Medicaid funding resulting from policy changes and delivery system reform, along with health system philanthropy and operating revenues, will all be needed to meet mission-based goals of addressing SDoH while supporting financial sustainability.