bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Underlying mechanisms of Electroacupuncture against Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury: Reduces Cell Apoptosisand Pyroptosis by Regulating Caspase-3 and Caspase-1
Authors: Cai Li , Yao Zeng-Yu , Yang Lu , Xu Xiu-Hong , Luo Meng , Dong Miao-Miao , Zhou Guo-Ping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCell apoptosis and pyroptosis are the primary forms of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, and these two cell death methods are both regulated by the caspase gene family. Electroacupuncture can reduce the neuronal damage caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. We hypothesized that inhibition of Caspase-1/Caspase-3 could be the mechanism of electroacupuncture against pyroptosis and apoptosis after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. MethodsThe cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model of C57 and Caspase-1/Caspase-3 gene knockout mice was established by longa’ s method. Electroacupuncture was conducted at acupoints Chize (LU5), Hegu (LI4), Sanyinjiao (SP6), and Zusanli (ST36) 1.5 hours after ischemia/reperfusion injury for 20 minutes, and observation was carried out after 24h. Neurological deficit scores evaluated the neurological function, cerebral infarction volume was observed by TTC staining, neuronal apoptosis index was measured by TUNEL, and the protein expression of Caspase-1 and Caspase-3 was detected by Western blot assay. ResultsCompared with I/R group, EA group showed lower neurological deficit score, smaller cerebral infarction volume and lower degree of nerve cell injury (P<0.05). In EA group, the protein expression of Caspase-3 in C57 and caspase-1 knockout mice and Caspase-3 in C57 and caspase-3 knockout mice were lower than that in I/R group (P<0.05). ConclusionsElectroacupuncture plays a neuroprotective role by inhibiting the protein expression of Caspase-1 and Caspase-3, and reducing the activation of cell apoptosis and pyroptosis.
Identification of Research Priorities For Suicide Prevention In Nepal: A Delphi Study
Authors: Joshi Elisha , Bhatta Santosh , Joshi Sunil Kumar , Mytton Julie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Suicide is a significant public health concern in Nepal and there is a need for an evidence-based suicide prevention programme to facilitate stakeholders working towards suicide prevention in Nepal. Collaborative research between stakeholders focussing on shared priorities can help to prevent and control suicide. Hence, we aimed to develop a consensus list of research priorities for suicide prevention in Nepal. Methods: The Delphi expert consensus method was used to elicit the prioritized research questions for suicide prevention in Nepal. Participants comprised suicide prevention experts (psychologists, psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, researchers and advocates) and people with lived experience. Three rounds of Delphi were conducted; round 1: constituted one to one interview involving open-ended questions used to generate research questions; round 2: ranking of the research questions using a 5-point Likert scale, and round 3: re-ranking of research questions in light of individual and group responses.Results: 42 participants participated in round 1 followed by 38 in round 2 and 39 in round 3. 522 research questions were generated through round 1 which were grouped together and reduced to 33 research questions sent for ranking in round 2. Using a cut off of at least 70% of the panel ranking questions as ‘very important’ or ‘important’, 22 questions were retained. These research questions were sent for re-rating in round 3 generating a final list of prioritized research questions.Conclusions: This is the first expert consensus study to identify the top research priorities for suicide prevention in Nepal and used experts in suicide prevention and those with lived experience. A consensus was reached regarding the research needed to improve suicide data quality, assess the burden and identify factors associated with suicide. A priority-driven approach to suicide prevention research may ensure that the research endeavour provides the most useful information for those whose day-t- day work involves trying to prevent suicide.
Barriers and enablers to pulmonary rehabilitation in low- and middle-income countries: a qualitative study of healthcare professionals
Authors: Bickton Fanuel , Shannon Harriet 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Low- and middle-income countries bear a disproportionately high burden of global morbidity and mortality caused by chronic respiratory diseases. Pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended as a core intervention in the management of people with chronic respiratory diseases. However, the intervention remains poorly accessed/utilised globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This qualitative study explored barriers and enablers to pulmonary rehabilitation in low- and middle-income countries from the perspective of healthcare professionals with pulmonary rehabilitation experience in these settings. Online-based semi-structured in-depth interviews with healthcare professionals were undertaken to data saturation, exploring lived barriers and enablers to pulmonary rehabilitation in their low- or middle-income country. Anonymised Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using thematic analysis. A total of seven healthcare professionals from seven low- and middle-income countries representing Africa, Asia, and South America, were interviewed. They included five physiotherapists (four females), one family physician (male), and one pulmonologist (female). Themes for barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation included limited resources, low awareness, Coronavirus Disease 2019, and patient access-related costs. Themes for enablers included local adaptation, motivated patients, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (which spanned both enablers and barriers), better awareness/recognition, provision of PR training, and resource support. Successful implementation of these enablers will require engagement with multiple stakeholders. The findings of this study are a necessary step towards developing strategies that can overcome the existing pulmonary rehabilitation evidence-practice gap in low- and middle-income countries and alleviating the burden of chronic respiratory diseases in these countries.
Characterization of Green Synthesis VA-Pd/AC NPs and Evaluation of Their Neurotoxicity Using the Zebrafish Larvae
Authors: Kokturk Mine , Yıldırım Serkan , Calimli Mehmet Harbi , Atamanalp Muhammed , Ozhan Gunes , Nas Mehmet salih , Bolat Ismail , alak gonca 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
New strategies for fast, efficient and environmentally friendly approaches in nanoparticle (NP) synthesis have increased the interest in less toxic green synthesis products. In this study, VA-Pd / AC nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using palladium (Pd), activated carbon (AC) and Viscum album (VA) aqueous extract as stabilizer / reductant. Activated carbon in the synthesis stage was obtained using the Chenopodium album (CA) plant. The structural and morphological properties of VA-Pd / AC NPs were examined using TEM and XRD analyses. Zebrafish embryo and larvae were exposed to the produced VA-Pd / AC NPs at different concentrations (10, 50, 100 and 500 mg/L) for 96 h. Embryos/larvae were examined for survival rate, hatching and malformation during development. Morever, potential neurotoxic effects were assessed histopathologically and immunohistochemically using Caspase 3 and nNOS indicators. Although the hatching rate of VA-Pd / AC NP was 100% at all concentrations, the survival rate decreased in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological analyses revealed that 10 mg/L group looked similar to the control group, whereas necrotic degenerations were observed in the 50, 100 and 500 mg/L groups in a dose- dependent manner. In addition, Caspase 3 and nNOS expressions were evaluated as negative in the control and 10 mg/L groups in immunofluorescence staining. These results provide the evidence that 500 mg/L concentration of green synthesized VA-Pd/AC NPs from Viscum album (VA) and Chenopodium album (CA) plant induces neurotoxic and tetragenonic effect on zebrafish.
A Multi(two)-Nozzle Cable-Driven Parallel Robot For 3D Printing Building Construction: Path Optimization and Vibration Analysis
Authors: Nguyen-Van Sy , Gwak Kwan-Woong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a multi-nozzle cable-driven parallel robot for 3D printing building construction. This system has two independently moving nozzles mounted on the existing printing head. The printing time can be reduced dramatically with this system as the travel path of the printing head can be reduced to almost half thanks to those two nozzles that print almost half of the printing contour. To fully take advantage of two nozzle structures effectively, the path of the printing head is optimized to secure the minimum travel length of both the printing head and two nozzles. The smoothness of the optimal path is secured by applying the non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS). In addition, free vibration of the proposed CDPR printer’s structure is analyzed to improve the printing quality and help the control of the proposed CDPR plain by using a finite element formulation of cables of the proposed robot.
Massive Hemoptysis Treated with Embolization Of an Ectopic Bronchial Artery Arising from the Right Thyrocervical Trunk: A Case Report
Authors: Cho Songhyon , Kubota Kenji , Hirose Yoshikazu , Yoshimura Norihiko , Murai Yui , Hirose Yasuo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Ectopic bronchial artery and non-bronchial systemic arteries may be the culprit vessels of hemoptysis. The main cause of clinical failure of bronchial artery embolization is incomplete embolization caused by the misidentification of the culprit arteries by conventional angiography. Multidetector computed tomography angiography is useful for visualizing the culprit arteries. Case presentation: An 82-year-old man was admitted with hemoptysis. Preprocedural multidetector computed tomography angiography revealed an ectopic bronchial artery branching from the right thyrocervical trunk. Superselective embolization of the ectopic bronchial artery was performed using gelatin sponge particles and metallic coils. Hemoptysis was controlled by this procedure without any associated complications. Conclusions: Ectopic bronchial arteries originating from the thyrocervical trunk are rare. Preprocedural multidetector computed tomography angiography is useful for visualizing the culprit arteries of hemoptysis, especially if a patient has an ectopic bronchial artery or an ectopic non-bronchial systemic artery.
Downregulation of miR-24-3p and miR-198 in Newly Diagnosed type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Abhilasha Abhilasha , Mitra Prasenjit , Suri Smriti , Saxena Indu , Shukla Ravindra KG , Shukla Kamla Kant , Sharma Praveen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder related to genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. It is characterized by hyperglycaemia, primarily due to insulin resistance. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs have been involved in the regulation of post-transcriptional gene expression mainly by repressing protein production. Dysregulated miRNA in type 2 diabetes interrupts the insulin signalling cascade and multiple physiological processes leading to disease progression. miRNAs are released from cells in circulation and are now known as a new class of biomarkers due to their stable nature. miR-24-3p and miR-198 are associated with several diseases but their role in type 2 diabetes remains unclear. This study aimed to compare miR-24-3p and miR-198 expression levels in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients and Non-T2DM controls. Method: Thirty-five newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic cases and thirty-five Non-T2DM controls were recruited after obtaining due informed consent. Venous blood was obtained under aseptic conditions. Biochemical parameters were analyzed using the autoanalyzer. Expression levels of miR-24-3p and miR-198 were performed using RT-PCR by TaqMan Advanced miRNA assay. miR-16-5p was used as an internal control. Results: The difference between circulating levels of whole blood of miR-24-3p and miR-198 was statistically significant among the study group. miR-24-3p showed a fold change of 0.312 and miR-198 showed a fold change of 0.203. The miRNAs were not correlated with the glycaemic and other clinical parameters. Conclusions: Findings of our study suggests that expression of miR-24-3p and miR-198 are downregulated in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Comparison of maximal aerobic speeds of team-sport athletes and investigation of optimal training loads*
Authors: Çetindemir Abdullah 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: To investigate maximal aerobic speed (MAS), participants of team sports in terms of certain variables and to determine relationship team sports.Design: Screening research.Setting: Elite soccer, basketball and handball players.Participants: 44 athletes.Main Outcome Measures: 20-meter shuttle run test (20MSRT) was used.Results: There was a positive relationship between age, VO2max and speed scores (p < 0.05). Besides, significant difference between VO2max, distance and speed also VO2max, distance and speed were found to be significantly different according to types of sports (p < 0.05). When distance and speed scores of athletes were examined, it was determined that mean scores of football players were higher compared to basketball and handball. Heart rate and MAS scores of participants were not significantly different according to type of sport played.Conclusions: This study will contribute to strength and strength coaches, trainers and physiotherapists in terms of training programs that they will apply to athletes of various sports.
Expansion of the Universe and cosmological redshift
Authors: Vavrycuk Vaclav 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The re-examination of light propagation in space described by the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric reveals surprisingly that this metric does not predict the cosmological redshift as so far incorrectly supposed. It is shown that the change in the frequency of light is always connected with time dilation, similarly as for the gravitational redshift. Therefore, the conformal time must be considered as the cosmic time at the high redshift universe and the original FLRW metric must be substituted by its conformal version. The correctness of the proposed conformal metric is convincingly confirmed by Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observations. The standard FLRW metric produces essential discrepancy with the SNe Ia observations called the ‘supernova dimming’, and consequently dark energy has to be introduced to comply theoretical predictions with data. By contrast, the conformal FLRW metric fits data well with no need to introduce any new free parameter. Hence, the discovery of the supernova dimming actually revealed the failure of the FLRW metric and introducing dark energy was just an unsuccessful attempt to cope with the problem within this false metric. Obviously, adopting the conformal FLRW metric for describing the evolution of the Universe has fundamental cosmological consequences.
Cross Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Nigerian (Igbo) Version of the Older People’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (OPQOL-35): a Validation Study
Authors: Gloria Mgbeojedo Ukamaka , Olusanjo Akosile Christopher , Cassandra Ekigbo Chisom , Chiebuka Okoye Emmanuel , Nelson Ekechukwu Echezona , Justina Okemuo Adaora , Nneka Ikele Chioma 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Quality of life (QoL) has been revealed to determine an older adult’s assessment of successful and active ageing; and to evaluate various range of health and social care interventions. Most QoL assessment tools were developed for use in developed countries. This may not be suitable for developing nations such as Nigeria. There is need for availability of culture- and environment- specific tools for assessment of QoL. This study was therefore designed to cross-culturally adapt the OPQOL-35 into Igbo language, and determine its reliability and validity.
Methods

The original English OPQOL-35 (E-OPQOL-35) was translated into Igbo language, synthesized, back translated, and subsequently subjected to expert panel review, pre-testing and cognitive debriefing interview, following the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons’ guideline. The final Igbo version (I-OPQOL-35) was tested for internal consistency, concurrent and structural validities in a cross-sectional study of 115 consenting apparently healthy older adults (54.8% females) that were recruited from conveniently selected local government areas in Enugu State, at 0.05 level of significance.
Results

The OPQOL-35 was cross-culturally adapted to Igbo with all its 35 items retained. The Spearman correlation coefficients between the participants’ domain and total scores on the I-OPQOL-35 and E-OPQOL-35 (rho = 0.92-1.00) were excellent. The Mann Whitney-U test revealed no significant difference between corresponding scores in the E-OPQOL-35 and I-OPQOL-35 (p = 0.65-0.94). The internal consistency coefficient of the I-OPQOL-35 was 0.78.
Conclusions

The I-OPQOL-35 is therefore a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of QoL among Igbo older adults in Nigeria.
Cost-Effectiveness of Stroke Unit Compared With Routine Treatment For Stroke Patients In Iran
Authors: Gholamhoseini Mohammad Tasavon , Goudarzi Reza , Zarein Mahdiye , Amiresmaili Mohammadreza , Mehrpour Masoud 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Two approaches including stroke unit and routine treatment, are used to address stroke patients. Although stroke unit is a new intervention in Iran and its effectiveness has been proven, but there is little information on its costs. It is necessary to utilize the results of the studies of economic evaluation in order to choose the better treatment option between two alternatives. Due to the lack of studies in this field in Iran, the current study was conducted to assess the cost-effectiveness of stroke unit and routine treatment. Methods: A Markov model incorporating three health states of independent, dependent and death for a time horizon of 10 years with a 3-month cycle length was applied. Direct medical and non-medical costs, including pharmaceutical and hospital expenses, were calculated based on 2018 data from a health system perspective. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were taken as the outcome measure. The analysis of cost-effectiveness and sensitivity for uncertain parameters was carried out using TreeAge 2020. Results: The stroke unit had more costs and QALYs gain in comparison with routine treatment, and it was cost-effective with an ICER of 551 PPP dollars per QALY. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that stroke unit cost-effectiveness probability is 78 percent, in the threshold of willingness to pay three times GDP per capita. Conclusion: Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of stroke unit is far less than the threshold of willingness to pay, indicating the strategy is cost-effective. Therefore, implementing stroke unit in Iran health system leads to optimal use of resources.
Spousal and Living Related Kidney Transplantation: Our Center Experience
Authors: OZGEN Utku , OZBAN Murat , BIRSEN Onur , YILMAZ Sevda , DURSUN Belda , CERI Mevlut , EKER Mesut , AYDIN H. Cagatay 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Kidney transplantation is the most preferred type of renal displacement therapy for ESRD patients. More patients developed end stage renal disease (ESRD). The most important source is the donations from unrelated spouses. In this study, we aimed to compare the transplantation data obtained from the spouses of the patients with the transplantation data obtained from other relatives.
Methods
The data including 167 living kidney transplantations performed between January 2006 and December 2019 were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into two groups; spousal donor group (n: 53) and living-related donor group (n: 114).
Results
There was no significant difference in delayed graft function in both groups. There were no patients with acute rejection proven by biopsy or considered biochemically in the spousal donor group. With regard to 3-year results in the living-related donor group the patient survival rate was 100%, while it was 98.2% in terms of graft survival.
Conclusions
In conclusion, similar patient and graft survival rates between spousal donor kidney transplantation and living-related kidney transplantation has made spousal donor kidney transplantation, with possible problems in terms of tissue compatibility, an acceptable alternative to donor supply.
Study of Pain Level Control Targets After Arthroscopic Surgery
Authors: Xin Wang , Congying Liu , Xiaole Zhang , Hong Wang , Yan Xu , Baohua Li , Jianquan Wang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore the goal of pain control in patients after arthroscopic surgery.Design: Investigation. Postoperative pain, pain control satisfaction and the effect of pain on daily activities were investigated and evaluated.Setting: Department of Sports Medicine,Peking University 3rd Hospital,Beijing, P.R.ChinaSubjects: 514 patients selected by convenience sampling from patients hospitalized in a level A hospital in Beijing from 2020.06-2020.11. The patient inclusion criteria were an age of at least 18 years, no history of diagnosis of mental illness, the ability to clearly express his or her pain and an agreement to voluntarily cooperate with the investigators. The exclusion criteria were patients who were unable to complete follow-up.Methods: Postoperative pain, pain control satisfaction and the effect of pain on daily activities were investigated and evaluated by administering a homemade questionnaire to 514 patients selected by convenience sampling from patients hospitalized in a level A hospital in Beijing from 2020.06-2020.11. Pain was assessed using a digital pain numerical rating scale (NRS) (0-10), and a digital score ranging from 0 to 10 was used for satisfaction with pain control and the impact of pain on aspects of daily living.Results: The pain level was most severe in patients 6-24 hours after arthroscopic surgery, during which pain control satisfaction was at its worst. The pain score was significantly related to the effects of pain on aspects of daily life, and the degree of these effects changed significantly for pain scores greater than 2 points.Conclusion: Pain control 6 to 24 hours after surgery is not satisfactory. It is recommended that a pain score of 2 points is used as the goal for pain control after arthroscopic surgery to guide both doctors and patients to effectively control postoperative pain.