bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sparse principal component regression via singular value decomposition approach
Authors: Kawano Shuichi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPrincipal component regression (PCR) is a two-stage procedure: the first stage performs principal component analysis (PCA) and the second stage builds a regression model whose explanatory variables are the principal components obtained in the first stage. Since PCA is performed using only explanatory variables, the principal components have no information about the response variable. To address this problem, we present a one-stage procedure for PCR based on a singular value decomposition approach. Our approach is based upon two loss functions, which are a regression loss and a PCA loss from the singular value decomposition, with sparse regularization. The proposed method enables us to obtain principal component loadings that include information about both explanatory variables and a response variable. An estimation algorithm is developed by using the alternating direction method of multipliers. We conduct numerical studies to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Modeling Fused Filament Fabrication using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Oehlmann Paul , Osswald Paul , Blanco Juan Camilo , Friedrich Martin , Rietzel Dominik , Witt Gerd 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWith industries pushing towards digitalized production, adaption to expectations and increasing requirements for modern applications, has brought additive manufacturing (AM) to the forefront of Industry 4.0. In fact, AM is a main accelerator for digital production with its possibilities in structural design, such as topology optimization, production flexibility, customization, product development, to name a few. Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is a widespread and practical tool for rapid prototyping that also demonstrates the importance of AM technologies through its accessibility to the general public by creating cost effective desktop solutions. An increasing integration of systems in an intelligent production environment also enables the generation of large-scale data to be used for process monitoring and process control. Deep learning as a form of artificial intelligence (AI) and more specifically, a method of machine learning (ML) is ideal for handling big data. This study uses a trained artificial neural network (ANN) model as a digital shadow to predict the force within the nozzle of an FFF printer using filament speed and nozzle temperatures as input data. After the ANN model was tested using data from a theoretical model it was implemented to predict the behavior using real-time printer data. For this purpose, an FFF printer was equipped with sensors that collect real time printer data during the printing process. The ANN model reflected the kinematics of melting and flow predicted by models currently available for various speeds of printing. The model allows for a deeper understanding of the influencing process parameters which ultimately results in the determination of the optimum combination of process speed and print quality.
Towards innovative road cycle gloves for low vibration transmission
Authors: Sanseverino G. , Schwanitz S. , Krumm D. , Odenwald S. , Lanzotti A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis research activity aims to develop new cycling gloves. A first step was focused on the definition of the functional requirements through user centred design methods. Since vibrations coming to the hand-arm system of a cyclist have a considerable effect a second step was concentrated on the analysis of hand-arm vibrations in road cycling. The paper shows results of laboratory tests executed for three different hand sizes, three different frequency ranges, with two different type of gloves and without gloves. Load conditions used for the test were determined with a former field test. Results obtained were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), that showed no significant effect of existing gloves in reducing vibration transmissibility. This led to the need of new kind of cycling gloves that could reduce those vibrations and increase the cyclist’s comfort.
Psychometric properties of the polish updated Illinois rape myth acceptance scale
Authors: Łyś Agnieszka Ewa , Bargiel-Matusiewicz Kamilla , Krasuski Tomasz , Studzińska Anna 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStereotyped beliefs concerning rape, called rape myths, are a global problem. The aim of the studies was to assess the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the Updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale which is used to assess rape myth acceptance. The tool has a high internal consistency (α = .92) and an overly good test-retest reliability (the It Wasn’t Really Rape subscale being one exception), The five-factor model fits the data better than the four-factor one. Both in the case of the four-factor and the five-factor models the brief version fits the data better than the full one. The study also demonstrated positive correlations of rape myth acceptance with right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, system justification, cultural conservatism, hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, beliefs in biological origins of the differences between men and women and unjust world beliefs. The correlation between rape myth acceptance and beliefs in cultural origins of the differences between men and women was negative. The analyses suggest that the Polish Updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale is a reliable and valid tool and can be useful for further studies of rape myth acceptance.
Investigation of flue gas water-alternating gas (flue gas–WAG) injection for enhanced oil recovery and multicomponent flue gas storage in the post-waterflooding reservoir
Authors: Wang Zhou-Hua , Sun Bo-Wen , Guo Ping , Wang Shuo-Shi , Liu Huang , Liu Yong , Zhou Dai-Yu , Zhou Bo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFlue gas flooding is one of the important technologies to improve oil recovery and achieve greenhouse gas storage. In order to study multicomponent flue gas storage capacity and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) performance of flue gas water-alternating gas (flue gas–WAG) injection after continuous waterflooding in an oil reservoir, a long core flooding system was built. The experimental results showed that the oil recovery factor of flue gas–WAG flooding was increased by 21.25% after continuous waterflooding and flue gas–WAG flooding could further enhance oil recovery and reduce water cut significantly. A novel material balance model based on storage mechanism was developed to estimate the multicomponent flue gas storage capacity and storage capacity of each component of flue gas in reservoir oil, water and as free gas in the post-waterflooding reservoir. The ultimate storage ratio of flue gas is 16% in the flue gas–WAG flooding process. The calculation results of flue gas storage capacity showed that the injection gas storage capacity mainly consists of N2 and CO2, only N2 exists as free gas phase in cores, and other components of injection gas are dissolved in oil and water. Finally, injection strategies from three perspectives for flue gas storage, EOR, and combination of flue gas storage and EOR were proposed, respectively.
Sampling the Flow of a Bandlimited Function
Authors: Aldroubi Akram , Gröchenig Karlheinz , Huang Longxiu , Jaming Philippe , Krishtal Ilya , Romero José Luis 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe analyze the problem of reconstruction of a bandlimited function f from the space–time samples of its states $$f_t=\phi _t*f$$

f
t

=

ϕ
t

∗
f

resulting from the convolution with a kernel $$\phi _t$$

ϕ
t

. It is well-known that, in natural phenomena, uniform space–time samples of f are not sufficient to reconstruct f in a stable way. To enable stable reconstruction, a space–time sampling with periodic nonuniformly spaced samples must be used as was shown by Lu and Vetterli. We show that the stability of reconstruction, as measured by a condition number, controls the maximal gap between the spacial samples. We provide a quantitative statement of this result. In addition, instead of irregular space–time samples, we show that uniform dynamical samples at sub-Nyquist spatial rate allow one to stably reconstruct the function $$\widehat{f}$$

f
^

away from certain, explicitly described blind spots. We also consider several classes of finite dimensional subsets of bandlimited functions in which the stable reconstruction is possible, even inside the blind spots. We obtain quantitative estimates for it using Remez-Turán type inequalities. En route, we obtain Remez-Turán inequality for prolate spheroidal wave functions. To illustrate our results, we present some numerics and explicit estimates for the heat flow problem.
What the COVID-19 Pandemic Reveals about Racial Differences in Child Welfare and Child Well-Being: An Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Parolin Zachary 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces the special issue on race, child welfare, and child well-being. In doing so, I summarize the evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in child well-being after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent findings demonstrate that, compared to white children, black and Latino children are more likely to have experienced poverty and food insufficiency, to have had parents lose their jobs, and to be exposed to distance learning and school closures during the pandemic. I argue that though COVID-19 has indeed worsened racial/ethnic disparities in child well-being, it has also served to place a spotlight on the American welfare state’s historical mistreatment of low-income families and black and Latino families in particular. Consider that around three-fourths of black and Latino children facing food insufficiency during the pandemic also experienced food insufficiency prior to the onset of the pandemic. Moving forward, analyses of racial/ethnic disparities in child well-being during the pandemic, I argue, must not only consider the economic shock and high unemployment rates of 2020, but the failure of the American welfare state to adequately support jobless parents, and black and Latino parents in particular, long before the COVID-19 pandemic arrived.
Coupling of diagenetic alterations and mechanical properties of Lower Permian siliciclastic sandstones: a pilot study
Authors: Monsees Alexander C. , Biebricher Sven F. , Busch Benjamin , Feinendegen Martin , Ziegler Martin , Hilgers Christoph 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInitial detrital composition and authigenic alterations during diagenesis of three sandstone types are related to their mechanical properties. Sandstones were prepared for geotechnical standard tests [density, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), Young’s modulus (E), strain at failure (ε)] and thin sections for petrographic analyses (point counting). UCS ranges from 3 to 62 MPa and positively correlates with density (1.75–2.35 g/cm3) and E (0.3–12.7 GPa). Optical porosity is controlling these mechanical parameters and was linked to diagenetic alterations. Diagenetic alterations affecting porosity reduction are the abundance of clay minerals, and the intensity of mechanical and chemical compaction. The latter is controlled by clay mineral coatings on contacts between detrital grains, and the occurrence of authigenic quartz and dolomite. Horizontal contact lengths of grains normalized to their respective particle diameter (effective contact ratio, ECR) and porosity are identified as a control on the mechanical properties UCS and E, reflected by the rock strength index SR. The results of this pilot study suggest that SR is able to predict UCS and E based on petrographic information obtained from the studied samples. These results enhance the understanding of the coupling between mineralogy and geomechanics and highlight the impact of diagenesis on geomechanical behavior.
Japanese multicenter registry evaluating the antegrade dissection reentry with cardiac computerized tomography for chronic coronary total occlusion
Authors: Habara Maoto , Tsuchikane Etsuo , Shimizu Kazuki , Kashima Yoshifumi , Shimoji Kenichiro , Nakamura Shigeru , Niizeki Takeshi , Tsutsumi Takaki , Ito Yoshiaki , Kawasaki Tomohiro ,   for the Bridge point Club Japan
Published: February 2021

AbstractRecently, antegrade dissection re-entry (ADR) with re-entry device for chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has evolved to become one of the pillar techniques of the hybrid algorithm. Although the success rate of the device is high, it could be improved. We sought to evaluate the current trends and issues associated with ADR in Japan and evaluate the potential of cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for ADR procedure. A total 48 patients with CTO suitable for ADR evaluated by baseline conventional angiography and CCTA were enrolled. Procedural success and technical success were evaluated as the primary and secondary observations. Furthermore, all puncture points were analyzed by CCTA. CT score at each punctured site depended on the location of plaque deposition (none; + 0, at isolated myocardial site; + 1, at epicardial site; + 2) and the presence of calcification (none; + 0, presence; + 1) was analyzed and calculated (score 0–3). Overall procedure success rate was 95.8%. Thirty-two cases were attempted with the ADR procedure and 25 cases of them were successful. The technical success rate was 78.1% and myocardial infarction or other major complications were not observed in any cases. CT score at 60 puncture sites in 32 cases were analyzed and the score at technical success points was significantly smaller compared to that at technical failure points (0.68 ± 1.09 vs 1.77 ± 1.09, p < 0.0001). CTO-PCI with Stingray device in Japan could achieve a high procedure success and technical success rate. Pre procedure cardiac CT evaluation might support ADR procedure for appropriate patient selection or puncture site selection.
Evaluating Explainability Methods Intended for Multiple Stakeholders
Authors: Martin Kyle , Liret Anne , Wiratunga Nirmalie , Owusu Gilbert , Kern Mathias 
Published: February 2021

AbstractExplanation mechanisms for intelligent systems are typically designed to respond to specific user needs, yet in practice these systems tend to have a wide variety of users. This can present a challenge to organisations looking to satisfy the explanation needs of different groups using an individual system. In this paper we present an explainability framework formed of a catalogue of explanation methods, and designed to integrate with a range of projects within a telecommunications organisation. Explainability methods are split into low-level explanations and high-level explanations for increasing levels of contextual support in their explanations. We motivate this framework using the specific case-study of explaining the conclusions of field network engineering experts to non-technical planning staff and evaluate our results using feedback from two distinct user groups; domain-expert telecommunication engineers and non-expert desk agent staff. We also present and investigate two metrics designed to model the quality of explanations - Meet-In-The-Middle (MITM) and Trust-Your-Neighbours (TYN). Our analysis of these metrics offers new insights into the use of similarity knowledge for the evaluation of explanations.
Sinoatrial node pacemaker cells share dominant biological properties with glutamatergic neurons
Authors: Liang Dandan , Xue Zhigang , Xue Jinfeng , Xie Duanyang , Xiong Ke , Zhou Huixing , Zhang Fulei , Su Xuling , Wang Guanghua , Zou Qicheng , Liu Yi , Yang Jian , Ma Honghui , Peng Luying , Zeng Chunyu , Li Gang , Wang Li , Chen Yi-Han 
Published: February 2021

AbstractActivation of the heart normally begins in the sinoatrial node (SAN). Electrical impulses spontaneously released by SAN pacemaker cells (SANPCs) trigger the contraction of the heart. However, the cellular nature of SANPCs remains controversial. Here, we report that SANPCs exhibit glutamatergic neuron-like properties. By comparing the single-cell transcriptome of SANPCs with that of cells from primary visual cortex in mouse, we found that SANPCs co-clustered with cortical neurons. Tissue and cellular imaging confirmed that SANPCs contained key elements of glutamatergic neurotransmitter system, expressing genes encoding glutamate synthesis pathway (Gls), ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors (Grina, Gria3, Grm1 and Grm5), and glutamate transporters (Slc17a7). SANPCs highly expressed cell markers of glutamatergic neurons (Snap25 and Slc17a7), whereas Gad1, a marker of GABAergic neurons, was negative. Functional studies revealed that inhibition of glutamate receptors or transporters reduced spontaneous pacing frequency of isolated SAN tissues and spontaneous Ca2+ transients frequency in single SANPC. Collectively, our work suggests that SANPCs share dominant biological properties with glutamatergic neurons, and the glutamatergic neurotransmitter system may act as an intrinsic regulation module of heart rhythm, which provides a potential intervention target for pacemaker cell-associated arrhythmias.
Dynamic Distribution of High-Rate Data Processing from CERN to Remote HPC Data Centers
Authors: Boccali T. , Cameron D. , Cardo N. , Conciatore D. , Di Girolamo A. , Dissertori G. , Fernandez P. , Filipcic A. , Gila M. , Grab C. , Elmsheuser J. , Jankauskas V. , Klimentov A. , Kovalskyi D. , Lammel S. , Petrusic D. , Shulthess T. C. , Sciacca F. G. , Serfon C. , Walker R. , Wissing C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe prompt reconstruction of the data recorded from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) detectors has always been addressed by dedicated resources at the CERN Tier-0. Such workloads come in spikes due to the nature of the operation of the accelerator and in special high load occasions experiments have commissioned methods to distribute (spill-over) a fraction of the load to sites outside CERN. The present work demonstrates a new way of supporting the Tier-0 environment by provisioning resources elastically for such spilled-over workflows onto the Piz Daint Supercomputer at CSCS. This is implemented using containers, tuning the existing batch scheduler and reinforcing the scratch file system, while still using standard Grid middleware. ATLAS, CMS and CSCS have jointly run selected prompt data reconstruction on up to several thousand cores on Piz Daint into a shared environment, thereby probing the viability of the CSCS high performance computer site as on demand extension of the CERN Tier-0, which could play a role in addressing the future LHC computing challenges for the high luminosity LHC.
Battery Discharge from Monday to Friday: Background Social Stress at Work is Associated with more Rapid Accumulation of Fatigue
Authors: Elfering Achim , Kottwitz Maria U. , Semmer Norbert K. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This field study investigated the effects of background social stress at work on the weekly course of evening fatigue.

Methods
Male employees of a Swiss organisation reported their fatigue after work and at 9 pm in the evening over three weeks. A total of 482 evening fatigue measurements from 34 male participants were subjected to multilevel analysis.

Results
Sleep quality in the previous night and fatigue after work predicted evening fatigue. Evening fatigue was not associated with the time spent on daily housework or child care. There was a linear increase in evening fatigue across weekdays and a main effect of workplace social stressors on evening fatigue. Sleep quality during the previous night mediated the link between background social stressors and evening fatigue. Moreover, an interaction between workplace social stressors and working days indicated that fatigue accumulated faster during the working week in those reporting a high level of social stress at work.

Conclusion
Social stress at work seems to accelerate the loss of resources over consecutive workdays. The analysis of workplace social stressors and other potential moderators of resource dynamics contributes to our understanding of work-related stress, including the role of background stressors and the temporal dynamics of resource loss.
Inference for time-varying lead–lag relationships from ultra-high-frequency data
Authors: Koike Yuta 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA new approach for modeling lead–lag relationships in high-frequency financial markets is proposed. The model accommodates non-synchronous trading and market microstructure noise as well as intraday variations of lead–lag relationships, which are essential for empirical applications. A simple statistical methodology for analyzing the proposed model is presented, as well. The methodology is illustrated by an empirical study to detect lead–lag relationships between the S&P 500 index and its two derivative products.
Right Heart Thrombus and Pulmonary Embolism in Patients with Life-Threatening Bleeding: Management of a Complex Condition
Authors: Bentivegna Enrico , Luciani Michelangelo , Spuntarelli Valerio , Sesti Giorgio , Del Porto Flavia , Martelletti Paolo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRight heart thrombus (RHT) in transit is an uncommon condition associated with high mortality. Increased use of echocardiography has allowed an easier detection of RHT; however, there is no consensus about the most appropriate management of this critical situation. Therapeutic strategy should be decided according to patient’s haemodynamic parameters, clinical data, and bleeding risk. This paper, referring to the most current evidences, underlines the difficulty to establish the best therapeutic strategies in RHT among complex patients as there are no relevant guidelines. In some conditions, multidisciplinary management is the best way to find the most correct therapy despite the bad prognosis.
Numerical simulations and experiments on droplet coalescence dynamics over a liquid–air interface: mechanism and effect of droplet-size/surface-tension
Authors: Shaikh Javed , Patil Nagesh D. , Sharma Atul , Bhardwaj Rajneesh 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPresent study is on partial/complete coalescence dynamics of a droplet (surrounded by air) over a horizontal pool of the same liquid. Experimental and numerical studies are presented for both isopropanol and glycerol droplet of a constant diameter. Numerical study is presented in more detail for the isopropanol droplet to study the effect of diameter ($$D=0.035-6.7 mm$$

D
=
0.035
-
6.7
m
m

) and surface tension coefficient ($$\gamma =2-200 mN/m$$

γ
=
2
-
200
m
N
/
m

) on the coalescence dynamics. For partial coalescence of an isopropanol droplet and complete coalescence of a glycerol droplet, excellent agreement is demonstrated between our numerically and experimentally obtained interface dynamics; and a qualitative discussion on the mechanism of the partial and complete coalescence is presented. Three regimes of partial coalescence − viscous, inertio-capillary and gravity − proposed in the literature for a liquid-liquid system are presented here for the present liquid-air system while studying the effect of diameter of the isopropanol droplet. Probably for the first time in the literature, our numerical study presents a flow and vorticity dynamics based quantitativeevidence of the coalescence-mechanism, analogy with a freely vibrating Spring-Mass-Damper System, the gravity regime for a liquid-gas system, and the effect of surface tension coefficient $$\gamma$$
γ
based coalescence dynamics study. The associated novel $$\gamma$$
γ
based droplet coalescence regime map presents a critical Ohnesorge number $$Oh_{c}$$

O

h
c

and critical Bond number $$Bo_{c}$$

B

o
c

for a transition from partial to full coalescence; and such critical values are also presented for the transition under effect of the droplet diameter. The critical values based transition boundaries, obtained separately for the varying D and varying $$\gamma$$
γ
, are demonstrated to be in excellent agreement with a correlation reported in the literature.