bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Levels in Children and Adolescents With and Without ASD in Inclusive Schools
Authors: Li Ru , Liang Xiao , Zhou Yujuan , Ren Zhanbing 
Published: October 2021

Background: The health benefits of physical activity (PA) participation are well-documented. Little was known about the PA levels of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their typically developing (TD) peers in inclusive schools. This study aimed to synthesize available studies examining PA levels of children and adolescents with and without ASD and its associated factors that affected their PA participation during inclusive schools applying the social–relational model of disability (SRMD).Methods: Eight databases were searched including CINAHL Complete, SPORTDiscus with Full Text, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Eric, APA PsycINFO, and Scopus from inception through May 2021 to identify related studies. Two researchers independently screened studies, assessed methodological quality, and summarized relevant data. The McMaster Critical Reviewer Form for quantitative studies was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included articles.Results: A total of seven articles were included in this systematic review. Overall, meta-analysis results indicated that children and adolescents with ASD had a moderately decreased PA levels compared with their TD peers [SMD = −0.585, 95% CI (−0.774, −0.425), p &lt; 0.01]. Individual-, social-, and environmental-level factors that influence PA levels in children and adolescents with ASD were identified from the perspective of SRMD.Conclusion: This review indicates that children and adolescents with ASD have lower PA levels than their TD peers in inclusive schools and multilevel factors affect their PA.
Based on Activation of p62-Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway, Hesperidin Protects Arsenic-Trioxide-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice
Authors: Jia Yuxin , Li Jing , Liu Panpan , Si Mingdong , Jin Yanyu , Wang Hongfang , Ma Donglai , Chu Li 
Published: October 2021

Background: Hesperidin (HES) is a flavonoid glycoside found in the tangerine peel and has antioxidant properties. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an anti-tumour drug; however, its serious cardiotoxicity limits its clinical application. In addition, the protection of HES against ATO-induced cardiotoxicity has not been explored.Objective: The study aims to investigate and identify the underlying effect and mechanism of HES on ATO-induced cardiotoxicity.Methods: Fifty mice were randomly assigned to five groups. Mice were orally given HES:100 or 300 mg/kg/day concurrently and given ATO intraperitoneal injections: 7.5 mg/kg/day for 1 week. Blood and heart tissues were collected for examination. Evaluated in serum was the levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI). In addition, evaluated in heart tissues were the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Caspase-3, cleaved-Caspase-3, p62, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The heart tissues were also examined for histopathology and mitochondrial ultrastructure.Results: Compared with the ATO group, the HES treatment groups reduced the levels of CK, LDH, cTnI, ROS, MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, Bax, Caspase-3, cleaved-Caspase-3 and Keap1 and enhanced the levels of SOD, GSH, CAT, Bcl-2, p62 and Nrf2.Conclusions: The results demonstrate that HES protects against ATO-induced cardiotoxicity, through inhibiting oxidative stress, and subsequent inflammation and apoptosis. The underlying results are closely related to the regulation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway.
Development of a Mosquito Repellent Formulation Based on Nanostructured Lipid Carriers
Authors: Abrantes Daniele Carvalho , Rogerio Carolina Barbara , de Oliveira Jhones L. , Campos Estefânia V. R. , de Araújo Daniele Ribeiro , Pampana Laurindo Cesar , Duarte Marcelo José , Valadares Geórgio Freesz , Fraceto Leonardo Fernandes 
Published: October 2021

Arboviral diseases are a threat to global public health systems, with recent data suggesting that around 40% of the world’s population is at risk of contracting arboviruses. The use of mosquito repellents is an appropriate strategy to avoid humans coming into contact with vectors transmitting these viruses. However, the cost associated with daily applications of repellents can make their use unfeasible for the low-income populations that most need protection. Therefore, the development of effective formulations offers a way to expand access to this means of individual protection. Consequently, research efforts have focused on formulations with smaller quantities of active agents and sustained release technology, aiming to reduce re-applications, toxicity, and cost. The present study investigates the development of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with a mixture of the compounds icaridin (synthetic) and geraniol (natural), incorporated in cellulose hydrogel. The NLCs were prepared by the emulsion/solvent evaporation method and were submitted to physicochemical characterization as a function of time (at 0, 15, 30, and 60 days). The prepared system presented an average particle size of 252 ± 5 nm, with encapsulation efficiency of 99% for both of the active compounds. The stability profile revealed that the change of particle size was not significant (p &gt; 0.05), indicating high stability of the system. Rheological characterization of the gels containing NLCs showed that all formulations presented pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior, providing satisfactory spreadability and long shelf life. Morphological analysis using atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the presence of spherical nanoparticles (252 ± 5 nm) in the cellulose gel matrix. Permeation assays showed low fluxes of the active agents through a Strat-M® membrane, with low permeability coefficients, indicating that the repellents would be retained on the surface to which they are applied, rather than permeating the tissue. These findings open perspectives for the use of hybrid formulations consisting of gels containing nanoparticles that incorporate repellents effective against arthropod-borne virus. These systems could potentially provide improvements considering the issues of effectiveness, toxicity, and safety.
Tongluo Yishen Decoction Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis via Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress in Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Rats
Authors: Jia Qi , Han Lin , Zhang Xiaoyu , Yang Wenning , Gao Yushan , Shen Yifan , Li Bing , Wang Shuyan , Qin Mingzhen , Lowe Scott , Qin Jianguo , Hao Gaimei 
Published: October 2021

Tongluo Yishen (TLYS) decoction is an herb that is extensively applied for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, 37 different dominant chemical constituents of TLYS were identified. Rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) were used as animal models, and TLYS decoction was administered orally for 14 days. TLYS decoction reduced the levels of renal function indicators, serum creatinine levels and blood urea nitrogen levels and alleviated renal pathological changes. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses of RNA sequencing data showed that TLYS decoction had significant effects on biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions in UUO rats and that the phagosome (a membrane source in the early stages of autophagy), lysosome (an important component of autolysosome), and oxidation pathways (which contribute to mitochondrial function) might be related to the antifibrotic effects of TLYS decoction. Moreover, we found significant mitochondrial function impairment, including a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics, excessive oxidative stress, and activation of Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in UUO rats. Treatment with TLYS decoction significantly increased the MMP, normalized mitochondrial dynamics and ameliorated renal injury. Moreover, TLYS alleviated the mitophagy clearance deficiency. In conclusion, our study showed that TLYS decoction can ameliorate mitochondrial dynamics by reducing oxidative stress and regulating mitophagy, thereby relieving renal injury, protecting renal function, and reducing renal fibrosis. This study provides support for the application of and further research on TLYS decoction.
Remote Relaxation and Acceptance Training for the Management of Stress in Cancer Patients: A Study Protocol
Authors: Marzorati Chiara , Pizzoli Silvia Francesca Maria , Grasso Roberto , Pravettoni Gabriella 
Published: October 2021

Background: Cancer patients are now facing a double distinctive challenge of survival against both the disease and fear of contracting COVID-19. This challenge has resulted in the forced adoption of social distancing measures and reorganization of the delivery of medical and psychological treatments. The perceived loneliness and uncertainty increased distress and symptoms burden. In the current period, eHealth interventions might provide valuable benefits in the field of cancer care.Objective: The overall goal of the study protocol will be to provide an innovative intervention for cancer patients based on an online platform, to help them manage and prevent psychological problems related to social isolation. Specifically, the efficacy of two web-based interventions aimed at lowering stress in cancer patients will be tested and compared.Methods: One hundred and fifty participants (75 per group) will be enrolled in a two-group randomized trial. The two interventions will be composed either by exercises on relaxation and meditation practices, presented in both automated online content and interactive group sessions or by fixed psychoeducational online content. Stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, distress, resilience, and perceived social isolation will be measured before the start of the interventions (T0), 2 weeks (T1), 4 weeks (T2), and 2 months (T3) after the beginning of the interventions in both groups. A repeated measures ANOVA will be performed to test differences in the questionnaires' scores between groups across the four-time points.Expected Results: We hypothesized greater improvement in the specific domain of stress symptoms (IES-R) assessed in the group receiving the interactive intervention, compared to the group which will receive only fully automated psychoeducational content. Secondarily, we expect the same trend of improvement across all the psychological variables in the blended intervention group.Conclusions: Implementing these practices on people who are forced into mandatory social isolation may help them become more aware of their mind-body condition and reduce negative effects. Moreover, relaxation techniques help individuals in achieving a greater state of well-being, increasing the ability to cope with stressful situations (resilience), and strengthening the immune system.
Screening the Influence of Biomarkers for Metabolic Syndrome in Occupational Population Based on the Lasso Algorithm
Authors: Xie Qiao-Ying , Wang Ming-Wei , Hu Zu-Ying , Cao Cheng-Jian , Wang Cong , Kang Jing-Yu , Fu Xin-Yan , Zhang Xing-Wei , Chu Yan-Ming , Feng Zhan-Hui , Cheng Yong-Ran 
Published: October 2021

Aim: Metabolic syndrome (MS) screening is essential for the early detection of the occupational population. This study aimed to screen out biomarkers related to MS and establish a risk assessment and prediction model for the routine physical examination of an occupational population.Methods: The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression algorithm of machine learning was used to screen biomarkers related to MS. Then, the accuracy of the logistic regression model was further verified based on the Lasso regression algorithm. The areas under the receiving operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the selection accuracy of biomarkers in identifying MS subjects with risk. The screened biomarkers were used to establish a logistic regression model and calculate the odds ratio (OR) of the corresponding biomarkers. A nomogram risk prediction model was established based on the selected biomarkers, and the consistency index (C-index) and calibration curve were derived.Results: A total of 2,844 occupational workers were included, and 10 biomarkers related to MS were screened. The number of non-MS cases was 2,189 and that of MS was 655. The area under the curve (AUC) value for non-Lasso and Lasso logistic regression was 0.652 and 0.907, respectively. The established risk assessment model revealed that the main risk biomarkers were absolute basophil count (OR: 3.38, CI:1.05–6.85), platelet packed volume (OR: 2.63, CI:2.31–3.79), leukocyte count (OR: 2.01, CI:1.79–2.19), red blood cell count (OR: 1.99, CI:1.80–2.71), and alanine aminotransferase level (OR: 1.53, CI:1.12–1.98). Furthermore, favorable results with C-indexes (0.840) and calibration curves closer to ideal curves indicated the accurate predictive ability of this nomogram.Conclusions: The risk assessment model based on the Lasso logistic regression algorithm helped identify MS with high accuracy in physically examining an occupational population.
Parental Attitudes and Hesitancy About COVID-19 vs. Routine Childhood Vaccinations: A National Survey
Authors: Temsah Mohamad-Hani , Alhuzaimi Abdullah N. , Aljamaan Fadi , Bahkali Feras , Al-Eyadhy Ayman , Alrabiaah Abdulkarim , Alhaboob Ali , Bashiri Fahad A. , Alshaer Ahmad , Temsah Omar , Bassrawi Rolan , Alshahrani Fatimah , Chaiah Yazan , Alaraj Ali , Assiri Rasha Assad , Jamal Amr , Batais Mohammed A. , Saddik Basema , Halwani Rabih , Alzamil Fahad , Memish Ziad A. , Barry Mazin , Al-Subaie Sarah , Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A. , Alhasan Khalid 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: To quantify parental acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and assess the vaccine hesitancy (VH) for COVID-19 vs. childhood vaccines.Methods: Eight vaccine hesitancy scale (VHS) items, adopted from WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Immunization (SAGE), were used to assess VH for COVID-19 vaccine vs. routine childhood vaccines. We distributed the online survey to parents with the commence of the national childhood COVID-19 vaccination program in Saudi Arabia.Results: Among 3,167 parents, 47.6% are decided to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. The most common reasons for refusal were inadequate safety information (69%) and worry about side effects (60.6%). Parents have a significantly greater positive attitudes toward children's routine vaccines vs. the COVID-19 vaccine, with higher mean VHS (±SD) = 2.98 ± 0.58 vs. 2.63 ± 0.73, respectively (p-value &lt; 0.001). Parents agreed more that routine childhood vaccines are more essential and effective as compared to the COVID-19 vaccine (Cohen's D: 0.946, and 0.826, consecutively; T-test p-value &lt; 0.00). There is more parental anxiety about serious side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine vs. routine childhood vaccines (Cohen's D = 0.706, p-value &lt; 0.001). Parents who relied on the Ministry of Health information were more predicted (OR = 1.28, p-value = 0.035) to intend to vaccinate as opposed to those who used the WHO website (OR = 0.47, −53%, p-value &lt; 0.001). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the factors associated with intention to vaccinate children were parents who received COVID-19 vaccine, older parents, having children aged 12–18, and parents with lower education levels.Conclusions: Significant proportion of parents are hesitant about the COVID-19 vaccine because they are less confident in its effectiveness, safety, and whether it is essential for their children. Relying on the national official healthcare authority's website for the source of information was associated with increased acceptance of childhood COVID-19 vaccination. As parental intention to vaccinate children against COVID-19 is suboptimal, healthcare authorities could boost vaccine uptake by campaigns targeting hesitant parents.
Case Report: Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Application in Intraperitoneally Disseminated Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor and in the Youngest Patient in the World: New Indication and Modification of Technique
Authors: Garnier Hanna , Murawski Maciej , Jastrzebski Tomasz , Pawinska-Wasikowska Katarzyna , Balwierz Walentyna , Sinacka Katarzyna , Gorecki Wojciech , Izycka-Swieszewska Ewa , Czauderna Piotr 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Peritoneal metastases occur in cancers that spread to the peritoneal cavity and indicate the advanced stage of the disease. In children they are mainly seen in sarcomas, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors and primary disseminated ovarian tumors. Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (IMT) is a very rare lesion, characterized by an unpredictable clinical course. The absorption of chemotherapeutic agents through the peritoneal-plasma barrier (PPB) is minimized, thus HIPEC procedure limits the systemic exposure to chemotherapy and permits the administration of its higher doses. The main purpose of HIPEC is to remove the visible macroscopic disease in order to achieve complete cytoreduction (CRS).HIPEC Procedure in Children: Several papers deal with the CRS and HIPEC in children and adolescents, however pediatric experience is still limited. Thus far, the HIPEC procedure has been carried out on patients over 2 years old. The most common indication for the surgery and the best outcome was experienced by patients with desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT). Most patients received intraperitoneal cisplatin.HIPEC Modification: A 5-month-old infant was admitted to the Department of Pediatric Oncology due to the abdominal distention and blood in the stool. The Computed Tomography (CT) revealed a solid-cystic mass in the right abdominal area. The primary tumor and numerous peritoneal metastasis were removed and the Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (IMT) was diagnosed. The patient underwent subsequently CRS and modified HIPEC procedure. To avoid overheating of the infant, the intraperitoneal normothermic chemoperfusion was performed. Due to the low body weight a modified dosage of intraperitoneal doxorubicin was used. The child underwent standard postoperative chemotherapy and received crizotinib therapy. At 12 months follow-up since treatment completion the patient remains in complete remission. To our knowledge this is the youngest patient, the only infant and the first pediatric patient with IMT who underwent the modified HIPEC procedure in the world.Conclusions: CRS and HIPEC is technically possible also in infants. For its safe course patients selection and technique modification are necessary. Use of HIPEC should be also considered in intraperitoneally disseminated IMT. A complete cytoreductive surgery as the first HIPEC step seems to be the key factor in survival.
Excessive polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate prescribing in 147 care homes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: MacRae Clare , Henderson David AG , Mercer Stewart W , Burton Jenni , De Souza Nicosha , Grill Paula , Marwick Charis , Guthrie Bruce 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundCare home residents often have multiple cognitive and physical impairments, and are at high risk of adverse drug events (ADEs).AimTo describe excessive polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate prescribing predisposing care home residents to ADEs.Design & settingA cross-sectional analysis of all dispensed prescriptions for 147 care home residents in Tayside and Fife, Scotland.MethodPrevalence of excessive polypharmacy was examined using multilevel logistic regression, by modelling associations between individual and care home predictors with excessive polypharmacy (≥10 drugs). Prescribing of drugs known to increase the risk of eight clinically important ADE categories was examined. Drugs prescribed within each ADE category, for each resident, were counted.ResultsIn total, 32.3% (n = 1444/4468) of residents had excessive polypharmacy, which was more common in residents aged 70–74 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04 to 3.34) and 80–84 years (aOR 1.75, 95% CI = 1.01 to 3.02), living in a residential care home (aOR 1.50, 95% CI = 1.19 to 1.88), and located in Fife (aOR 1.37, 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.71). Excessive polypharmacy was less common in residents with dementia (aOR 0.73, 95% CI = 0.64 to 0.84), and 8.9% (95% CI = 5.9% to 11.6%) of the variation was attributable to care home predictors. Potentially inappropriate prescribing of ≥2 drugs was seen across all ADE categories, with highest prevalence seen in drugs predisposing to constipation (35.8%), sedation (27.7%), and renal injury (18.0%).ConclusionExcessive polypharmacy is common in care home residents and is associated with both individual and care home predictors. Potentially inappropriate prescribing of drugs that predisposed residents to all included ADE categories is common. Research is needed to support and evaluate safe care home prescribing practices.
Les échinides miocènes du bassin du Rhône : révision systématique. Première partie
Authors: Philippe Michel 
Published: October 2021

En dépit de nombreuses publications concernant les échinides des terrains miocènes du bassin du Rhône, aucune révision systématique exhaustive n'avait été entreprise depuis les années 1910-1915.
Après un bref historique, l'ensemble de l'échinofaune miocène du bassin du Rhône est passé en revue. La validité de chaque espèce ou sous-espèce est discutée et la révision systématique se fonde sur l'examen d'un important matériel paléontologique : collections anciennes et, en particulier, les spécimens types ou figurés de la quasi totalité des espèces étudiées ainsi que plusieurs milliers de nouveaux échantillons provenant de tous les secteurs paléogéographiques concernés.
Jusqu'à ce jour, 38 espèces ou sous-espèces de Cidaroïdes et d'oursins réguliers et 112 espèces ou sous-espèces d' irréguliers avaient été signalées dans les terrains miocènes du bassin du Rhône. La révision systématique valide 24 espèces ou sous-espèces de Cidaroïdes et de
réguliers et 51 d' irréguliers, les autres étant soit des synonymes soit des morphotypes ou des stades ontogéniques.
Un nouveau taxon est introduit : Cyathocidaris avenio-nensis nerthensis nov. subsp., parmi les Cidaroïdes. Une nouvelle forme (morphotype) de scutelles est également proposée : Parascutella paulensis forme reillannensis. Une dizaine d'espèces changent d'attribution générique.
Cinq espèces sont mentionnées pour la première fois dans les terrains du bassin du Rhône et quatre autres l'ont été à l'occasion de notes préliminaires à la présente révision systématique.
Enfin, deux espèces déjà connues dans le Miocène du bassin du Rhône sous des noms erronés entrent dans la synonymie de deux espèces qui n'y étaient pas encore signalées.