bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF BEETROOT BISCUITS (Beta vulgaris) ON THE HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL OF PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Amila Amila , Sembiring Evarina 
Published: April 2021

hemoglobin levels in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. This study aimed to examine the effect of beetroot biscuits consumption on the increase of hemoglobin levels in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at the Integrated Service Unit of the Pulmonary Central Hospital of North Sumatera. The research design was quasi experimental and used pre-tests and post-tests without a control approach. This study was conducted with a sample of 100 patients selected using the purposive sampling technique. Firstly, the hemoglobin level of the patients was measured. Then, beetroot biscuits were given to the patients for thirty days as the intervention. A Wilcoxon test was performed to pinpoint the differences between the pre-test and post-test results. It was found that there was a 2.01 gr/dl increase in hemoglobin after beetroot biscuits were given to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at the Integrated Service Unit of the Pulmonary Central Hospital of North Sumatera. It was also found that the differences were significant when comparing the average level of hemoglobin before and after the intervention with a p value of 0.000. This study suggests that doctors and nurses play important roles in constructing patients’ knowledge and understanding on the importance of anemia prevention in order to improve community knowledge to use local resources to improve health outcomes.Keywords: anemia, biscuit, beetroot, tuberculosis
Exploring Relationship among E-Learning Platforms, Technical System Quality and Perceived Students’ Satisfaction on Higher Educations’ System for E-Learning
Authors: Leonnard Leonnard 
Published: April 2021

Currently, most Indonesian universities have adopted an online academic management information system (AMIS) to provide academic and administrative service activities. This study aims to explore the relationship between the e-learning platforms and the technical system quality, and the perceived satisfaction of students. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to 286 students of a university. The questionnaire showed that there is a difference in the e-learning tools, techniques, or platforms used by the students. The results of the chi-square test show that there is no significant relationship between e-learning platform and technical system quality and also perceived satisfaction of the students. That shows the platform choices do not affect students’ perception of quality and satisfaction. However, technical system quality is significantly related to perceived student satisfaction. Therefore, the e-learning quality should be improved in line with the innovation of a learning system during the pandemic, so that students’ satisfaction in the learning involvement increase.
Re-Design Ruang Muat Kapal Alih Fungsi Barge Menjadi Oil Barge 5000 Dwt
Authors: Prayogi Urip 
Published: April 2021

Tongkang atau Barge 5000 DWT merupakan sarana atau alat angkutan laut yang memuat batubara. PT Maritim Transportindo tersebut bergerak dibidang industri transportasi perkapalan, yang menyediakan tongkang untuk mengangkut batubara. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut akan direncanakan desain ulang oil barge dengan sesuai standart klas BKI. Hasil perencanaan dengan menggunakan metode perhitungan empiris standart BKI Vol II 2016 hasil perencanaan desain ruang muat didapatkan 5 ruang muat dengan masing-masing ukuran ruang muat yaitu ruang muat 1 dan 2 didapat kan panjang 10.980 mm, ruang muat 3 dan 4 didapat kan panjang 12.810 mm, ruang muat 5 didapat kan panjang 10.980 mm.. Berdasarkan perencanaan pada sistem bongkar muat bahwa pompa sistem bongkar muat di dapatkan diameter pipa direncanakan 125 mm dengan kapasitas 2 pompa utama bongkar muat yaitu 218,382 m3/hr dengan waktu 2 jam daya pompa utama 14,12 Kw. Kapasitas pompa standby bongkar muat yaitu 109,191 m3/hr dengan daya pompa 7,0628 Kw.

Kata kunci: oil barge, CPO (Crude Palm Oil), double bottom
Safety of a Noninvasive Expandable Electromagnetic Prosthesis with an In Situ Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Gannon Nicholas P. , McHugh Kristy M. , Ameduri Rebecca K. , Ogilvie Christian M. 
Published: April 2021

Case:
An 8-year-old girl was diagnosed with osteosarcoma of the distal femur. She underwent chemotherapy and wide resection with implantation of a noninvasive electromagnetic expandable distal femur prosthesis. Ninety-three days after chemotherapy, she developed anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy with heart failure for which a ventricular assist device was placed. Device compatibility was tested, and she was successfully lengthened.

Conclusion:
Expandable prostheses allow limb length maintenance in skeletally immature patients who undergo limb salvage. Chemotherapy for osteosarcoma involves anthracyclines with a dose-dependent side effect of cardiotoxicity. Patients can be successfully and safely lengthened with expandable electromagnetic prostheses with in situ ventricular assist devices.
Canadian Operator Works To Transform an Oil Field Into a Hydrogen Factory
Authors: Jacobs Trent 
Published: April 2021

As the oil and gas industry scans the known universe for ways to diversify its portfolio with alternative forms of energy, it might want to look under its own feet, too.
For inside every oil reservoir, there may be a hydrogen reservoir just waiting to get out.
The concept comes courtesy of Calgary-based Proton Technologies. Founded in 2015, the young firm is the operator of an aging heavy oil field in Saskatchewan.
There, on a small patch of flat farm-land, Proton has been producing oil to pay the bills. At the same time, it has been experimenting with injecting oxygen into its reservoir in a bid to produce exclusively hydrogen.
Proton says its process is built on a technical foundation that includes years of research and works at the demonstration scale. Soon, the firm hopes to prove it is also profitable.
While it produces its own hydrogen, Proton is licensing out the technology to others. In January, fellow Canadian operator Whitecap Resources secured a hydrogen production license of up to 500 metric tons/day from Proton. Whitecap produces about 48,000 B/D, and thanks to carbon sequestration, the operator has claimed a net negative emissions status since 2018.
Proton says it has struck similar licensing deals with other Canadian operators but that these companies have not yet made public announcements. Where these projects go from here may end up representing the ultimate test for Proton’s innovative twist on the in-situ combustion process known so well to the heavy-oil sector.
“In-situ combustion has been used in more than 500 projects worldwide over the last century. And, they have all produced hydrogen,” said Grant Strem, a cofounder and the CEO of Proton.
Strem is a petroleum geologist by back-ground who spent the majority of his career working on heavy-oil projects for Canadian producers and research analysis with the banks that fund the upstream sector. While his new venture remains registered as an oil company, the self-described explorationist has come to look at oil fields very differently than he used to.
“In an oil field, you have oil—hydrocarbons, which are made of hydrogen and carbon. The other fluid down there is H2O. So, an oil field is really a giant hydrogen-rich, energy-dense system that’s all conveniently accessible by wells,” Strem explained.
But, in those past examples, the hundreds of other in-situ combustion projects, hydrogen production was merely a byproduct, an associated gas of sorts. It was the result of several reactions generated by air injections that producers use an oxidizer to heat up the heavy oil and get it flowing.
What Proton wants to do is to super-charge the hydrogen-generating reactions by using the oil as fuel while leaving the carbon where it is.
That ambition includes doing so at a price point that is roughly five times below that of Canadian natural gas prices and an even smaller fraction of what other hydrogen-generation methods cost.
Thermodynamic Cost of Quantum transfers
Authors: Mirmasoudi Forouzan , Ahadpour Sodeif 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this work, we will study thermodynamic cost of dense coding. In this regard, a scheme is proposed for quantum channel where is induced from two initially uncorrelated thermal quantum systems. At first, the quantum Fisher information and spin squeezing is used to quantify the correlation dynamics over the system. The system reveals that the dynamics of quantum correlations depends crucially on specific energy and temperature. Also, they can be utilized as control parameters for optimal dense coding. Several interesting features of the variations of the energy cost and the dense coding capacity are obtained. It can keep its own valid capacity value in a broad range of temperature by increasing in the energy value of excited states. Also, we can identify valid dense coding with the help of calculating energy cost in the system. Using this approach, identifying a critical point of this model in dense coding capacity quality can be very effective.
Estimating High Mobility Group Box Protein 1 (HMGB1) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Among Hepatitis B Virus Infected Patients of Pakistan Origin
Authors: Tabassum Sobia , Khalid Zanib , Piracha Zahra Zahid , Saeed Umar , Ashraf Muhammad , Aziz Hafsa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
HMGB1 is nuclear non-histone protein and unique member of cytokines. In viral hepatitis infection HMGB1 serum level increases and translocates towards cytoplasm and extracellular spaces where it activates single stimulating hepatic stellate cell proliferation which induces fibrogenic protein expression and causes hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, total 150 subjects were recruited to assess the association between HMGB1 SNPs and HBV. Three types of genotypes were found visible in rs3742305 of HMGB1; wild type homozygous GG with 65%, homozygous minor type CC with 6% and heterozygous minor type GC with 26% frequency distribution. High prevalence of GG genotype in the selected population presenting that GG genotype may have higher risk for susceptibility to HBV infection. Our results showed significant correlation of HMGB1 polymorphism with HBV infection in the selected Pakistani population.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on aortic valve surgical service: a single centre experience
Authors: Vlastos Dimitrios , Chauhan Ishaansinh , Mensah Kwabena , Cannoletta Maria , Asonitis Athanasios , Elfadil Ahmed , Petrou Mario , De Souza Anthony , Quarto Cesare , Bhudia Sunil , Rosendahl Ulrich , Pepper John , Asimakopoulos George 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background The coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic imposed an unprecedented burden on the provision of cardiac surgical services. The reallocation of workforce and resources necessitated the postponement of elective operations in this cohort of high-risk patients. We investigated the impact of this outbreak on the aortic valve surgery activity at a single two-site centre in the United Kingdom.Methods Data were extracted from the local surgical database, including the demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients operated on from March 2020 to May 2020 with only one of the two sites resuming operative activity and compared with the respective 2019 period. A similar comparison was conducted with the period between June 2020 and August 2020, when operative activity was restored at both institutional sites. The experience of centres world-wide was invoked to assess the efficiency of our services. Results There was an initial 38.2% reduction in the total number of operations with a 70% reduction in elective cases, compared with a 159% increase in urgent and emergency operations. The attendant surgical risk was significantly higher [median Euroscore II was 2.7 [1.9-5.2] in 2020 versus 2.1 [0.9-3.7] in 2019 (p=0.005)] but neither 30-day survival nor freedom from major post-operative complications (re-sternotomy for bleeding/tamponade, transient ischemic attack/stroke, renal replacement therapy) was compromised (p>0.05 for all comparisons). Recommencement of activity at both institutional sites conferred a surgical volume within 17% of the pre-COVID-19 era.Conclusions Our institution managed to offer a considerable volume of aortic valve surgical activity over the first COVID-19 outbreak to a cohort of higher-risk patients, without compromising post-operative outcomes. A backlog of elective cases is expected to develop, the accommodation of which after surgical activity normalisation will be crucial to monitor. Trial registration Not applicable
Influence of Energy Parameters on Plasma Radius, Energy Fraction and Plasma Flushing Efficiency for a Single Discharge in EDM
Authors: Padhi Bibeka Nanda , Choudhury Sounak Kumar , Janakarajan Ramkumar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
An electrical discharge forms a crater on the workpiece surface. The crater morphology estimates the performance parameters of the electrical discharge machining process. The energy parameters (gap voltage, discharge current and the pulse on time), the plasma channel radius and the energy fraction coming to the workpiece determine the molten cavity radius and depth. The plasma flushes away a portion of material from the molten cavity forming a crater and resolidification of the remaining molten material forms a recast layer. The plasma flushing efficiency determines the crater’s radius and depth. Few researchers have successfully expressed the plasma radius, energy fraction and plasma flushing efficiency in relation to two of the energy parameters, namely, discharge current and pulse on time but not as a gap voltage function. This work attempted to develop a thermo-physical model to express plasma radius, energy fraction and plasma flushing efficiency as a function of all three energy parameters, such as gap voltage, discharge current and pulse on time. Plasma flushing efficiency was calculated and plasma radius and energy fraction were estimated by inverse finite element method from the measured values of crater radius, crater depth and recast layer thickness. The expressions for plasma radius, energy fraction and plasma flushing efficiency were found out from the regression equations obtained from the designed data set using the Taguchi method. Validation shows that the modeled and experimental values of crater radius, crater depth, and recast layer thickness agree well.
Short follow-up of multisystem inflammatory syndrome after covid19 infection in children: case report
Authors: Acquafredda Angelo M. , Lorusso Chiara , Giovinazzo Anna L. S. Di , Pastoressa Anna Maria , Simone Maria , Mastromattei Stefania , Specchio Maurizio , Cialdella Pietro , Vitullo Pamela 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: covid19 infection, in children compared to adults, often occurs in a pauci and/or asymptomatic manner, but in some cases, a multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) may occur in the 4-6 weeks following the infection. There are few data on the features of MIS after the clinical recovery phase, therefore we have described three cases of children with post-covid19 infection syndrome. Case presentation: out of the three cases described, in two children the onset clinical symptoms were similar to Kawasaki syndrome, while in the other neurological impairment was prevalent. In none of the three there were gastrointestinal symptoms, while the signs of interstitial disease were constant on lung ultrasound. In all of them, there was an increase in the inflammatory markers, high levels of ferritin, lymphocytopenia and thrombocytopenia only in one case. The lipid profile at onset was characterized by an increase in triglyceride levels. In all cases the course was benign with resolution of the symptoms upon admission within 4-5 days. After 1 month from the clinical recovery phase, the patients showed normalization of cytokines, inflammatory markers and triglyceride levels, while the total cholesterol value increased. Covid19 infection leads to an acute phase response with increase of the triglyceride in addition to inflammatory markers and the signs of interstitial disease on lung ultrasound. Conclusions: the inflammatory markers and lung involvement normalize over 30 days, while an initial increase of the triglyceride - and later in total cholesterol - suggest a direct relationship between triglyceride and inflammatory markers at the beginning, and between total cholesterol and host immune response during the follow-up.
Analysis of Footprint of Uncertainty of the IT2 Mamdani Controllers Using Different Type-Reducers
Authors: Zhang Chaolong , Zhou Haibo , Li Zhiqiang , Ju Xia , Tan Shuaixia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Appropriate Footprint of Uncertainties (FOUs) are beneficial to the performance of Interval Type-2 (IT2) fuzzy controller, revealing the effect of FOUs is a key problem. In our published work, as the FOUs increase, the IT2 Mamdani and TS fuzzy controllers, using KM or EKM type-reducer (TR), approach the constant and piecewise linear controllers, respectively, while they finally become constant and piecewise linear controllers. To verify the validation of the above results, when a different TR is used, in this study, the effects of other popular TRs (i.e., Nie-Tan, Wu-Mendel, Iterative Algorithm with Stop Condition) on output of IT2 Mamdani fuzzy controller, are explored. We proven that, (1) as the FOUs increase, irrespectively of the TRs used, the IT2 Mamdani fuzzy controllers approach constant controllers, (2) when all the FOUs are equal to 1 (i.e., at their maximum ), the fuzzy controllers using Nie-Tan and Iterative Algorithm with Stop Condition TR become constant controllers. The FOUs of the controllers using Wu-Mendel TR can be infinitely approaching 1 and cannot be equal to 1 (otherwise, the denominator of the TR output expression are equal to 0), hence when FOUs are infinitely approaching 1, the controller will approach the constant controller infinitely. These results imply regardless of which popular TR is used, the IT2 Mamdani fuzzy controller, when using larger FOUs, the fluctuation of the input variables have a limited impact on the output, the ability to deal with system uncertainties will deteriorate. Laboratory control experiments are provided to demonstrate these findings.
Bioinformatic identification of the potential afatinib drug resistance gene BIRC5 in non-small- cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxi , Lu Yuanzhi , Chen Qiang , Li Yin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Drug resistance inevitably limits the efficacy of the second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) afatinib, and the underlying causes of this resistance have not been determined.Methods In this study, we demonstrated that baculovirus IAP repeat protein 5 (BIRC5) may confer afatinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) via multiple mechanisms based on integrative bioinformatic analyses. Results Through bioinformatic analyses of microarray datasets, BIRC5 was overexpressed in both afatinib-resistant NSCLC cells and NSCLC tissues and was initially identified as a potential candidate gene causing poor survival in afatinib-resistant patients with NSCLC. The resistance function of BIRC5 in NSCLC was validated by performing protein/gene interactions and biological process annotation analyses and further validated by analyzing transcription factors targeting BIRC5 mRNA. Conclusions We applied our results to NSCLC and showed that BIRC5 was an important candidate gene for afatinib resistance.
Triptolide Enhances Chemotherapeutic Accumulation Through P-Gp Inhibition in Cisplatin-Resistant HNE1/DDP Nasopharyngeal Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Xiu , Wang Yu-shuai , Zhang Jing-jing , Li Jian-chun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: We have previously shown that triptolide (TPL) could synergize with cisplatin (DDP) in drug-resistant nasopharyngeal cancer cells (NPC). However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Therefore, we hypothesized that TPL could inhibit P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression, reduce the chemotherapeutic agent efflux from tumor cells and increase their drug content, then by increasing drug efficiency against the tumor cells. So the study was performanced to elucidate the mechanism of triptolide (TPL) sensitization with chemotherapeutics in drug-resistant nasopharyngeal cancer cells. Methods and Results:Cell viability was analyzed by MTT. The apoptosis and intracellular concentration of doxorubicin/rhodanmine123 were determined by flow cytometry. The expression of P-gp, MRP1, Caspse-3, CAP1, and CAP2 were measured by western blot. The ATP level was examined by Cell Titer-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay kit. The results showed that TPL inhibited cell viability, increased apoptosis, and intracellular doxorubicin accumulation. Furthermore, TPL inhibited the rhodanmine123 efflux, reduced the ATP level and the expression of P-gp, MRP1, and CAP1, while it increased the expression of CAP2 and Caspase-3. Conclusions:The results of this study confirm the role of TPL in restoring the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutics by down regulating P-gp expression and function in drug-resistant nasopharyngeal cancer cells.
Efficacy of fluid infusions on the recovery from acute kidney injury in patients administered liposomal amphotericin B: A nationwide observational study
Authors: Tashiro Masato , Obata Yoko , Takazono Takahiro , Ota Yuki , Wakamura Tomotaro , Shiozawa Yui , Tsuyuki Ai , Miyazaki Taiga , Nishino Tomoya , Izumikawa Koichi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) often develops during the administration of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB), a broad-spectrum antifungal drug. However, clinical recovery approaches for AKI patients administered L-AMB have not been well established.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data obtained from hospitals throughout Japan. AKI was defined as a ≥1.5-fold increase within 7 days or ≥0.3 mg/dL increase within 2 days in serum creatinine. Renal recovery was defined as a return to creatinine levels below those recorded before the onset of AKI.Results: Herein, 189 patients had developed AKI following L-AMB administration. Of them, 153 were subsequently assessed to determine the trend in creatinine level after AKI and 90 patients were assessed for renal recovery. Patients administered ≥10 mL/kg daily fluid for 7 consecutive days from the onset of AKI had a 63% recovery rate relative to patients that did not receive infusion (35% recovery rate (P = 0.053)). Although extending the fluid infusion period beyond 7 days did not result in consistent improvement in renal recovery rates, daily fluid volume was found to be positively correlated with renal recovery (P = 0.043). On average, patients administered daily fluid infusions of ≥10 mL/kg had greater reductions in minimum creatinine levels for the first 7 days after AKI compared to patients that did not receive daily fluid infusions. After 7 days of fluid infusion, the mean minimum creatinine levels decreased by 0.21 mg/dL relative to 0.16 mg/dL for patients that did not receive daily fluid infusions.Conclusions: Seven consecutive days of daily fluid infusion from the onset of AKI may promote renal recovery from AKI in patients administered L-AMB, with daily fluid volume positively correlating with the incidence of renal recovery.