bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Plants on Extensive Green Roofs in Urban Heat Island Mitigation Efforts in Humid Tropical Cities
Authors: Irfandi  , Munir Abdul , Muslimsyah  , Huda Khairul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the urban heat island mitigation strategies in reducing urban temperatures in tropical cities is the application of a green roof system. This study compares the reduction in temperature and heat flow rate provided by three types of plants on extensive green roofs (EGR). We demonstrated that a EGR constructed with three types of plants (ground cover, and shrubs) could result in a decrease in temperature relative to the normal roof (NR). The results showed that the base temperature of the EGR of the bush and ground cover was lower than the base temperature of the NR which was 10.2ºC on indoor air, 17.8ºC on the inside and 19.1ºC on the outside. The peak indoor temperature was over 50ºC for the NR prototype. In the model with pennisetum purpureum schamach as the EGR, the maximum temperature was 40.1ºC, while for portulaca grandiflora and tradescantia spathacea the peaks were 37.6ºC and 37.5ºC, respectively. This shows that plants with large leaf widths are able to reduce heat greater than plants with small leaf widths.
Application of local microorganisms from tuna fish and shrimp waste as bio activator for household organic waste composting by Takakura method
Authors: Dewilda Y , Aziz R , Rahmayuni F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Organic waste has the potency to use as bio activator material. This research compares household organic waste compost results with the addition of bio activator from local microorganism activator (LMO) from tuna fish and shrimp waste with Effective Microorganisms (EM4). The composting method used is aerobic composting with the Takakura composting technique. This composting is carried out in 5 variations, variation one without-bio activator added, 2 with LMO of tuna fish waste added, variation 3 with LMO shrimp waste added, variation 4 with LMO of tuna fish, and shrimp waste added, variation 5 with EM4 added. Analysis of all compost quality has met SNI 19-7030-2004 standards. A total of 2 kg of raw material produced solid compost becomes 0.7-1 kg of compost. The use of bio activators can speed up the composting process to 8-12 days. The variation of adding LMO tuna fish waste was chosen as a suitable alternative compared to other variations. The composting process with LMO of tuna fish waste results from the fastest composting time of 9 days with a C/N ratio of 18.45%, P2O5 0.56 %, and 0.76% K2O, with 0.85 kg of compost. Scoring results in variation 2 is the best variation in compost maturity quality.
ZnO thickness and ZnTe back contact effect of CdTe thin film solar cell Voc and efficiency progression
Authors: Ghosh Bablu K , Nasir Syafiqa , Teo Kenneth T K , Saad Ismail 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
CdTe thin film (TF) solar cells are most promising photovoltaic (PV) technology in commercial platform. Back contacts and interface defects related opto-electrical losses are still vital to limit its further technological benefit. TF PV cells shallow recombination and parasitic loss lessening purpose carrier selective back contact with band matching window layers are essential. Beside that back and front contact thickness choice is vital for field associated selective carrier collection and generous optical transmission into the active junction of the cell. It can make variation of cell efficiency. Window and front contact layers band edge variation and back contact thickness effect is analyzed by SCAPS-1D simulation software. ZnO and SnO2 front contact for CdS and CdSe window layers effect are numerically studied for 1 μm CdTe thin film PV cell. Significance of materials for front contact and its thickness effect on current density while ZnTe back surface field contact thickness effect on open circuit voltage and efficiency are demonstrated. Finally, ZnO/CdS/CdTe/ZnTe cell of 0.925 V open circuit voltage and 19.06% efficiency has been achieved for 90 nm of ZnTe with Molybdenum (Mo) back contact.
Further investigation of 3D dose verification in proton therapy utilizing acoustic signal, wavelet decomposition and machine learning
Authors: Yao Songhuan , Hu Zongsheng , Xie Qiang , Yang Yidong , Peng Hao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Online dose verification in proton therapy is a critical task for quality assurance. We further studied the feasibility of using a wavelet-based machine learning framework to accomplishing that goal in three dimensions, built upon our previous work in 1D. The wavelet decomposition was utilized to extract features of acoustic signals and a bidirectional long-short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN) was used. The 3D dose distributions of mono-energetic proton beams (multiple beam energies) inside a 3D CT phantom, were generated using Monte-Carlo simulation. The 3D propagation of acoustic signal was modeled using the k-Wave toolbox. Three different beamlets (i.e. acoustic pathways) were tested, one with its own model. The performance was quantitatively evaluated in terms of mean relative error (MRE) of dose distribution and positioning error of Bragg peak (

Δ

B
P

), for two signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Due to the lack of experimental data for the time being, two SNR conditions were modeled (SNR = 1 and 5). The model is found to yield good accuracy and noise immunity for all three beamlets. The results exhibit an MRE below 0.6% (without noise) and 1.2% (SNR = 5), and

Δ

B
P

below 1.2 mm (without noise) and 1.3 mm (SNR = 5). For the worst-case scenario (SNR = 1), the MRE and

Δ

B
P

are below 2.3% and 1.9 mm, respectively. It is encouraging to find out that our model is able to identify the correlation between acoustic waveforms and dose distributions in 3D heterogeneous tissues, as in the 1D case. The work lays a good foundation for us to advance the study and fully validate the feasibility with experimental results.
Addendum: Hidden symmetries, trivial conservation laws and Casimir invariants in geophysical fluid dynamics (2018 J. Phys. Commun.
2 115018)
Authors: Charron Martin , Zadra Ayrton 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An extension is proposed to the internal symmetry transformations associated with mass, entropy and other Clebsch-related conservation in geophysical fluid dynamics. Those symmetry transformations were previously parameterized with an arbitrary function



of materially conserved Clebsch potentials. The extension consists in adding potential vorticity q to the list of fields on which a new arbitrary function



depends. If


=
q

(
s
)

, where


(
s
)

is an arbitrary function of specific entropy s, then the symmetry is trivial and gives rise to a trivial conservation law. Otherwise, the symmetry is non-trivial and an associated non-trivial conservation law exists. Moreover, the notions of trivial and non-trivial Casimir invariants are defined. All non-trivial symmetries that become hidden following a reduction of phase space are associated with non-trivial Casimir invariants of a non-canonical Hamiltonian formulation for fluids, while all trivial conservation laws are associated with trivial Casimir invariants.
Anomaly detection in multidimensional time series—a graph-based approach
Authors: Erz Marcus , Kielman Jeremy Floyd , Uzun Bahar Selvi , Gühring Gabriele Stefanie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As the digital transformation is taking place, more and more data is being generated and collected. To generate meaningful information and knowledge researchers use various data mining techniques. In addition to classification, clustering, and forecasting, outlier or anomaly detection is one of the most important research areas in time series analysis. In this paper we present a method for detecting anomalies in multidimensional time series using a graph-based algorithm. We transform time series data to graphs prior to calculating the outlier since it offers a wide range of graph-based methods for anomaly detection. Furthermore the dynamic of the data is taken into consideration by implementing a window of a certain size that leads to multiple graphs in different time frames. We use feature extraction and aggregation to finally compare distance measures of two time-dependent graphs. The effectiveness of our algorithm is demonstrated on the numenta anomaly benchmark with various anomaly types as well as the KPI-anomaly-detection data set of 2018 AIOps competition.
The actual challenge for the ontological argument
Authors: Hausmann Marco 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Many versions of the ontological argument have two shortcomings: First, despite the arguments put forward, for example, by Hugh Chandler and Nathan Salmon, they assume that S5 is the correct modal logic for metaphysical modality. Second, despite the classical arguments put forward, for example, by David Hume and Immanuel Kant or the more recent arguments put forward, for example, by John Findlay and Richard Swinburne, they assume that necessary existence is possible. The aim of the paper is to develop an alternative version of the ontological argument that, by an appeal to the logic of ‘actually’, avoids these two shortcomings. The version helps to leave aside unnecessary debates about the modal logic S5 or about the possibility of necessary existence and to focus on the actual challenge for the debate about the ontological argument: the challenge to evaluate the claim that it is possible that God exists.
minoTour, real-time monitoring and analysis for nanopore sequencers
Authors: Munro Rory , Santos Roberto , Payne Alexander , Forey Teri , Osei Solomon , Holmes Nadine , Loose Matthew 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Summary
minoTour offers a Laboratory Informations Management System (LIMS) system for Oxford Nanopore Technology sequencers, with real-time metrics and analysis available permanently for review. Integration of unique real-time automated analysis can reduce the time required to answer biological questions, including mapping and classification of sequence while a run is in progress. Real-time sequence data require new methods of analysis which do not wait for the completion of a run and minoTour provides a framework to allow users to exploit these features.

Availability and implementation
Source code and documentation are available at https://github.com/LooseLab/minotourcli and https://github.com/LooseLab/minotourapp. Docker images are available from https://hub.docker.com/r/adoni5/, and can be installed using a preconfigured docker-compose script at https://github.com/LooseLab/minotour-docker. An example server is available at http://137.44.59.170.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Oral Contraceptive Pills Are an Effective Method of Preventing Pregnancy in Women With Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Daoud Nader D , Ghoz Hassan , Cannon Rachel , Farraye Jennifer A , Picco Michael F , Kane Sunanda V , Kochhar Gursimran S , Woodhams Elisabeth J , Farraye Francis A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use in the general population is associated with a failure rate as low as 0.3% with perfect use but as high as 9% with typical use. Women with Crohn’s disease (CD) may have malabsorption in the setting of small bowel disease or resection, which could affect absorption of OCPs. Our aim was to determine the incidence of pregnancy in women with CD on OCPs.

Methods
This is a retrospective study assessing the incidence rate of OCP failure in females between 18 and 45 years of age seen at the Mayo Clinic with a diagnosis of CD and provided a prescription for OCPs, between 2016 and 2020. Failure was defined as clear documentation of becoming pregnant while using OCPs or having an active prescription of OCP at the time of conception.

Results
A total of 818 female patients with CD between 18 and 45 years of age with a prescription for an OCP were included in our study. Sixty-six patients (8%) conceived in this cohort. Of the 66 patients who became pregnant, 57 stopped the OCP before conceiving, 5 were excluded due to lack of data, and 4 women had active oral contraceptive prescriptions when they became pregnant (pregnancy rate of 0.5%).

Conclusions
In female patients with CD who are using OCPs for contraception, we found a low rate of pregnancy (0.5%) similar to the rate of pregnancy with perfect use of OCPs in the general population. OCPs are an effective method of birth control in women with CD.
(Per)Forming Italian American (In)Famous Ties: Revisiting the “Mean” Streets through Louisa Ermelino’s Spring Street Trilogy
Authors: Sañudo Eva Pelayo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Italian American iconic images of cultural and gender identity are analyzed as a performative practice in Louisa Ermelino’s Spring Street Trilogy, which challenges traditional senses of identity by situating masculine and feminine archetypes within wider structures of power. In contrast to the trope of the “mean” streets traditionally associated with men’s urban performances, Ermelino’s three novels interrogate normative gender roles and ethnic affiliations. This representation is generated from the vantage point of the microcosm of a street, which is therefore worth analyzing as a recurring trope of the author’s work.
Development and validation of an echocardiographic algorithm to predict long-term mitral and tricuspid regurgitation progression
Authors: Strom Jordan B , Zhao Yuansong , Shen Changyu , Wasfy Jason H , Xu Jiaman , Yucel Evin , Tanguturi Varsha , Hyland Patrick M , Markson Lawrence J , Kazi Dhruv S , Cui Jinghan , Hung Judy , Yeh Robert W , Manning Warren J 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsPrediction of mitral (MR) and tricuspid (TR) regurgitation progression on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is needed to personalize valvular surveillance intervals and prognostication.Methods and resultsStructured TTE report data at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 26 January 2000–31 December 2017, were used to determine time to progression (≥1+ increase in severity). TTE predictors of progression were used to create a progression score, externally validated at Massachusetts General Hospital, 1 January 2002–31 December 2019. In the derivation sample (MR, N = 34 933; TR, N = 27 526), only 5379 (15.4%) individuals with MR and 3630 (13.2%) with TR had progression during a median interquartile range) 9.0 (4.1–13.4) years of follow-up. Despite wide inter-individual variability in progression rates, a score based solely on demographics and TTE variables identified individuals with a five- to six-fold higher rate of MR/TR progression over 10 years (high- vs. low-score tertile, rate of progression; MR 20.1% vs. 3.3%; TR 21.2% vs. 4.4%). Compared to those in the lowest score tertile, those in the highest tertile of progression had a four-fold increased risk of mortality. On external validation, the score demonstrated similar performance to other algorithms commonly in use.ConclusionFour-fifths of individuals had no progression of MR or TR over two decades. Despite wide interindividual variability in progression rates, a score, based solely on TTE parameters, identified individuals with a five- to six-fold higher rate of MR/TR progression. Compared to the lowest tertile, individuals in the highest score tertile had a four-fold increased risk of mortality. Prediction of long-term MR/TR progression is not only feasible but prognostically important.
Feedback of ATP measurement as a tool for reducing environmental contamination in hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area
Authors: Van Arkel Andreas , Willemsen Ina , Kilsdonk-Bode Linda , Vlamings-Wagenaars Sindy , Van Oudheusden Anne , De Waegemaeker Pascal , Leroux-Roels Isabel , Verelst Martine , Maas Evelien , Van Oosten Anita , Willemse Patricia , Van Asselen Esther , Klomp-Berens Ella , Franssen Karen , Van Cauwenberg Elise , Schweitzer Valentijn , Kluytmans Jan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Design
A two-phase prospective intervention study.

Objective
The objective of this study was to determine if feedback of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) measurements decreases environmental contamination within hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area.

Methods
Standardized ATP measurements were conducted in nine hospitals on pre-defined fomites. Four different fomite groups were defined: medical devices, patient-bound materials, ward-bound materials and sanitary items. ATP results were reported in relative light unit (RLU), RLU &gt;1000 was considered as ‘not clean.’ Two rounds of ATP measurements were conducted. After the first round of ATP measurements, results were provided to the wards and cleaning staff. The second round of ATP measurements was performed one year later. The amount of surface contamination before and after the feedback was compared.

Results
In total 1923 ATP measurements were performed. Before feedback 960 ATP measurements were conducted and after feedback 963 were conducted. The overall median reduction in RLU was 381 (P &lt; 0.001), from 568 before feedback to 187 afterward. In each hospital there was a reduction of the median RLU after feedback.

Conclusions
Substantial reductions in RLU values were found after feedback of ATP measurements. Feedback of ATP measurement in itself was associated with a major reduction of surface contamination in hospitals.
A panel of diverse Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates for research and development
Authors: Lebreton Francois , Snesrud Erik , Hall Lindsey , Mills Emma , Galac Madeline , Stam Jason , Ong Ana , Maybank Rosslyn , Kwak Yoon I , Johnson Sheila , Julius Michael , Ly Melissa , Swierczewski Brett , Waterman Paige E , Hinkle Mary , Jones Anthony , Lesho Emil , Bennett Jason W , McGann Patrick 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of community- and hospital-acquired infections. Successful treatment is hampered by its remarkable ability to rapidly develop resistance to antimicrobial agents, primarily through mutation. In response, WHO listed carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa as a Priority 1 (Critical) pathogen for research and development of new treatments. A key resource in developing effective countermeasures is access to diverse and clinically relevant strains for testing. Herein we describe a panel of 100 diverse P. aeruginosa strains to support this endeavour.

Methods
WGS was performed on 3785 P. aeruginosa isolates in our repository. Isolates were cultured from clinical samples collected from healthcare facilities around the world between 2003 and 2017. Core-genome MLST and high-resolution SNP-based phylogenetic analyses were used to select a panel of 100 strains that captured the genetic diversity of this collection. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was also performed using 14 clinically relevant antibiotics.

Results
This 100-strain diversity panel contained representative strains from 91 different STs, including genetically distinct strains from major epidemic clones ST-111, ST-235, ST-244 and ST-253. Seventy-one distinct antibiotic susceptibility profiles were identified ranging from pan-susceptible to pan-resistant. Known resistance alleles as well as the most prevalent mutations underlying the antibiotic susceptibilities were characterized for all isolates.

Conclusions
This panel provides a diverse and comprehensive set of P. aeruginosa strains for use in developing solutions to antibiotic resistance. The isolates and available metadata, including genome sequences, are available to industry, academia, federal and other laboratories at no additional cost.
Knowledge of use of antibiotics among consumers in Tanzania
Authors: Gabriel Salvador , Manumbu Loyce , Mkusa Omary , Kilonzi Manase , Marealle Alphonce Ignace , Mutagonda Ritah F , Mlyuka Hamu J , Mikomangwa Wigilya P , Minzi Omary 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Studies assessing consumers’ knowledge of the rational use of antibiotics are essential to understand the knowledge gap before intervention strategies are instituted.

Objectives
To assess the knowledge of rational use of antibiotics among consumers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Methods
A cross-sectional study assessing knowledge of rational use of antibiotics among 960 consumers was conducted in Dar es salaam in March 2021. Participants were consecutively enrolled from outpatient pharmacies in selected public and private hospitals and marketplaces in Ilala Municipality. Data were collected using the WHO-validated questions on knowledge of consumers of antibiotic uses.

Results
Overall, 196 (20.4%) and 503 (52.4%) participants demonstrated good knowledge of rational antibiotic use and conditions that can be treated with antibiotics, respectively. However, 678 (70.6%) responded that they stopped using antibiotics after dose completion, 515 (53.6%) would request the same antibiotic if it had helped to treat a similar condition in the past and 406 (42.3%) are willing to use the same antibiotic if a friend or family member used the medication previously to treat similar signs and symptoms. Besides, the following conditions were mentioned as being treatable with antibiotics: influenza (50.7%), sore throat (61.4%) and urinary tract infection (60.5%).

Conclusions
The majority of the consumers had poor knowledge of the rational uses of antibiotics and a moderate proportion had good knowledge of the conditions that are treatable with antibiotics. Those with a high level of education and with health insurance had good knowledge of rational uses of antibiotics.
Talking to Trolls—How Users Respond to a Coordinated Information Operation and Why They’re So Supportive
Authors: Linvill Darren L , Warren Patrick L , Moore Amanda E 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This research explored how users interacted with inauthentic social media accounts with the goal of gaining insight into tactics employed by state-backed disinformation efforts. We combine hand coding with natural-language processing to measure the ways in which users talked with and about the accounts employed by the Russian-affiliated Internet Research Agency in the month before the 2016 U.S. Election. We find that user mentions were overwhelming supportive of the IRA accounts, belying the standard characterization of these personas as “trolls.” This pattern is particularly strong for the more ideological troll types, suggesting that a strategy of building homophilic connections with like-minded people was central to the IRA campaign. This strategy seems to work—on days that the personas’ mentions were more supportive, they received more engagement.