bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El turismo para todos como manifestación de la calidad turística y elemento de responsabilidad social
Authors: Santos Pita Manuela del Pilar , Millán Vázquez de la Torre Genoveva , De Lario Alquézar Manuel Ángel 
Published: March 2021

A fin de hacer un análisis de los aspectos jurídicos de la accesibilidad turística desde el enfoque de la calidad y de la responsabilidad social, hemos realizado nuestro estudio desde una perspectiva jurídica transversal. Se ha analizado la normativa turística de Galicia, así como la concerniente a la accesibilidad. Y continuando hemos finalizado con una alusión a los modos de resolución de conflictos relacionados con los derechos de las personas con discapacidad a través de un análisis jurisprudencial a fin de conocer las soluciones judiciales ofrecidas en controversias derivadas de la accesibilidad en aquellas situaciones en las que bien pudieran verse implicados los usuarios turísticos, así como también la solución extrajudicial de conflictos a través de la figura del arbitraje.
Financiación de proyectos relacionados con el sector turístico en la coyuntura actual: el papel de la colaboración público-privada como factor competitivo
Authors: Vasallo Rapela Alejandro Manuel 
Published: March 2021

El turismo es clave para España y Portugal, y ha sido motor de desarrollo a lo largo de las últimas décadas. En la coyuntura actual, y en un contexto tan globalizado y competitivo, se requieren estrategias de innovación y cambios profundos para mantener posiciones de liderazgo; de productos desde la oferta, de gestión y comercialización y sobre todo desde el análisis de proyectos de inversión/financiación, en los que las infraestructuras y la colaboración público-privada adquieren especial relevancia. La renovación desde la oferta, con la consecuente dotación de infraestructuras y servicios públicos, y las acciones públicas para fomentar un turismo sostenible de calidad, requieren nuevos enfoques en cuanto a la financiación de inversiones privadas y la intervención del sector público, en un entorno de restricciones de la financiación bancaria, y de disminución del Gasto Público de las Administraciones. En este trabajo se analizarán los retos relevantes de los nuevos proyectos dirigidos a mejorar la eficiencia y sostenibilidad desde la financiación, con el consiguiente impacto en la competitividad, cuestión fundamental para compensar los efectos negativos que tienen en la cuenta de resultados factores como; caídas de la demanda, presión sobre los precios como consecuencia de los menores presupuestos que las economías domésticas destinan al ocio, e inflación de costes.
SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta Students Have Sufficient Motivation towards Extracurricular Activities Pencak Silat
Authors: Hardiansyah Reza , Sutapa Panggung 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta students' motivation towards extracurricular activities of pencak silat. The method used in this research is a survey method. This study subjects were all students of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta who took part in the extracurricular activities of pencak silat totaling 38 students. The data collection technique used a questionnaire in the form of written questions given to respondents filled according to the circumstances experienced. The data obtained were analyzed using quantitative descriptive statistics with percentages. Based on data from a combination of attention indicators, interest indicators, activity indicators, trainer indicators, facilities indicators, school rules indicators, and environmental indicators, the mean value is 129.74 and a standard deviation of 14.72. This study concludes based on extrinsic and intrinsic factors that consist of attention indicators, interest indicators, activity indicators, trainer indicators, facilities indicators, school rules indicators, and environmental indicators that state that SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta students have sufficient motivation towards extracurricular activities, pencak silat.
Design guidelines for PVT collectors
Authors: Hadorn JC , Lämmle M. , Kramer K. , Munz G. , Ryan G. , Herrando M. , Brottier L. 
Published: March 2021

Report B2: Here is a one page fact sheet providing many design guidelines for PVT collectors, for covers, encapsulant, rear covers, absorbers, heat transfer medium, insulation, casing, air vents, fluid outlets, sealing, and junction boxes.
Status Quo of PVT Characterization
Authors: Kramer K. 
Published: March 2021

Report B1: This report therefore aims at displaying the Status Quo of PVT Characterization in order to support PVT technology in its further development and applications. The report is hence of interest for researchers as well as public and private sector stakeholders. A key finding is that the reliability and durability of PVT modules are especially challenged at elevated temperatures and higher humidity loads. The test methods available from the IEC and ISO standards are covering the specifics of PV and ST module’s, most of which are similar for PVT modules, too.
Steep Creek Risk Assessment for Pipeline Design : A Case Study From British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Gartner Joseph E. , Jakob Matthias 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Pipelines in mountainous terrain often cross alluvial fans formed by steep creek processes of debris flows and debris floods and are thus exposed to their associated hazards. The design of new pipeline infrastructure and maintenance of existing pipelines necessitates steep creek risk assessments and appropriate mitigation design. We present methodology for assessing steep creek risk along pipeline routes that evaluates the probability of such processes causing a pipeline loss of containment or disruption in service. The methodology consists of estimating event frequency, scour potential, and the vulnerability of the pipeline to break if impacted by boulders. The approach can be adapted to other landslide geohazards so that different geohazard locations can be evaluated with a common metric. Steep creek process frequency is estimated based on field observations and review of documented events, historical air photo records, and terrain mapping based on LiDAR-generated topography. Scour potential is estimated based on channel morphology, presence of bedrock, and grain size distribution of channel bed material. Vulnerability is estimated based on flow width and velocity and can be modified for different pipe diameters and wall thicknesses. Mitigation options for buried pipelines include those intended to decrease the likelihood of the pipeline being exposed and to increase the resiliency of the pipeline to boulder or organic debris impacts, if exposed. The methodology presented is embedded in risk-informed decision making where pipeline owners and regulators can define probability thresholds to pipeline exposure or rupture, and pipeline designers can demonstrate that proposed mitigation measures achieve these threshold criteria.
Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Wang Weiwei , Cao Mingze , Zhu Qiqi , Ma Tenghe , Zhang Yongying , Liu Guanhui , Zhou Xuzheng , Li Bing , Shi Yuxiang , Zhang Jiyu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.
Results
Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, set1B and stx were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15%, 48.15% and 0, respectively. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs.
Conclusion
Our findings of this study have enriched our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.
Random forest classification for predicting lifespan-extending chemical compounds
Authors: Kapsiani Sofia , Howlin Brendan J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Ageing is a major risk factor for many conditions including cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmaceutical interventions that slow down ageing and delay the onset of age-related diseases are a growing research area. The aim of this study was to build a machine learning model based on the data of the DrugAge database to predict whether a chemical compound will extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Five predictive models were built using the random forest algorithm with molecular fingerprints and/or molecular descriptors as features. The best performing classifier, built using molecular descriptors, achieved an area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.815 for classifying the compounds in the test set. The features of the model were ranked using the Gini importance measure of the random forest algorithm. The top 30 features included descriptors related to atom and bond counts, topological and partial charge properties. The model was applied to predict the class of compounds in an external database, consisting of 1,738 small-molecules. The chemical compounds of the screening database with a predictive probability of ≥ 0.80 for increasing the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans were broadly separated into (i) flavonoids, (ii) fatty acids and conjugates, and (iii) organooxygen compounds.
The simple maneuver to safely extend the anhepatic time to 30 minutes for rat liver transplantation
Authors: Tang Gaofeng , zhang jiabin , Zhao Huibo , Wei Sidong , Zhou Shaotang , Chen Guoyong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Orthotopic rat liver transplantation (OLT) is widely used; it remains to be challenging although many renovations have been made.
Methods

For tolerance induction, we performed OLT including whole graft OLT from close Sprague Dawley (SD) rat to SD (whole graft group, control group, n = 21) and 30 minute anhepatic time (AHT) group (AHT group, n = 11). For good outcomes of AHT group and generalization of this maneuver, partial OLT was performed from 50% Lewis allograft to Brown Norway (BN) rats to induce tolerance (half graft group, n = 28), Cyclosporine A was injected once daily for 14 days.
Results

For whole graft group, 30-day survival rate was 85.5% (18/21), the reasons of death were gas embolism due to the missed suturing in 2 cases, blood loss in 1 case. For AHT group and tolerance group, 30-day survival rate was 72.7% (8/11), 64.3% (18/28), the causes of death were diverse. There were no differences in survival in 3 groups (p = 0.289).
Conclusion

The anhepatic time can be extended simply through the change of clamping the diaphragm, which facilitates its application in the research.
Evaluation and optimization of a circular economy model integrating planting and breeding based on coupling of emergy analysis and life cycle assessment
Authors: Wang Qingsong , Zhang Yujie , Tian Shu , Yuan Xueliang , Ma Qiao , Liu Mengyue , Li Yue , Liu Jixiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The sustainable development of agriculture is facing problems such as high resource consumption and serious environmental pollution. The development of circular economy model integrating planting and breeding (CEMIPB) has become an effective way to realize the sustainable development of agriculture. However, due to the large regional differences of circular models, references and comparability are generally lacking. Therefore, exploring economic benefit level and sustainability of CEMIPB through an effective evaluation model is necessary. Accordingly, this paper builds a methodological system for model evaluation and optimization based on the EM-LCA model and validates it with a typical CEMIPB in Fujian Province, China. By comparing the results of the EM-LCA and EMA models, the former effectively compensates for the deficiencies of the latter in terms of economic and environmental impact assessment, and the evaluation results can better reflect the actual situation of the system. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is introduced to identify key processes and substances. Based on the reduce–reuse–recycle principle, several optimization suggestions, such as the corn and veterinary drugs, input reduction are put forward. The construction of the above methodology system can provide a new perspective for research in similar fields and provide a scientific basis for local government decision-making.
Factors and Strategies for Post-Vertebroplasty Residual Pain from Thoracolumbar Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures (OVCF): a systematic review.
Authors: Tang Binbin , Liu Kang , Wu Lianguo , Shi Xiaolin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose Insignificant pain relief (IPR) in short period after vertebroplasty is common, which often disturb doctors and affect patients Therefore, we reviewed systematically relative articles and attempted to get meaningful evidence on factors and strategies for IPR.Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP were searched for literatures treating the osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) with vertebroplasty and assessing the clinical efficacy.Results 817 references were electronically retrieved, 81 full-text papers were screened and 41 studies were included. Twenty-two trials presented factors on IPR, mainly including bone cement related, operation related and patient-related factors. Nineteen studies showed strategies on residual pain, including improving osteoporosis, reforming surgical operation and add other therapies. 16 prospective, 20 retrospective and 5 meta-analyses consisted the systematic review. The date from included studies point to different results, with less risk of bias, were needed to clarify the factors and strategies for residual pain.Conclusions Bone cement distribution and operation error are highly related to the post-vertebroplasty residual pain. Many therapeutic methods could improve pain and rehabilitate function but lacking more high-level evidence due to the insufficient trails.
Response of Convective Systems to the Orbital Forcing of the Last Interglacial in a Global Nonhydrostatic Atmospheric Model With and Without a Convective Parameterization
Authors: Chikira Minoru , Yamada Yohei , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Satoh Masaki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) coupled with a slab ocean model was applied to a paleoclimate research for the first time. The model was run at a horizontal resolution of 56km with and without a convective parameterization, given the orbital parameters of the last interglacial (127,000 years before present). The simulated climatological mean-states are qualitatively similar to those in previous studies reinforcing their robustness, however, the resolution of this model enables to represent the narrow precipitation band along the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. A particular focus was given to convectively coupled disturbances in our analysis. The simulated results show a greater signal of the Madden-Julian Oscillation and weakening of the moist Kelvin waves. Although the model's representation of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation in the present-day simulations is not satisfactory, a significant enhancement of its signal is found in the counterpart of the last interglacial. The density of the tropical cyclones decreases over the western north Pacific, north Atlantic and increases over the south Indian ocean and south Atlantic. The model's performance is generally better when the convective parameterization is used, but the tropical cyclones are better represented without the convective parameterization. Additional simulations using the low-resolution topography reveals that the better representation of the Tibetan Plateau enhances the boreal summer Asian monsoon and its impact is similar and comparable to that of the orbital parameters over the south Asia and the Indian ocean.
Thymoquinone dose-dependently attenuates myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol in rats via integrated modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy and fibrosis
Authors: Farag Mahmoud Mohamed , Khalifa Asmaa Ahmed , El-Hadidy Wessam Fahmy , Rashad Radwa Mohamed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As rats develop myocardial infarction (MI) like lesions when injected with large doses of isoproterenol (ISO), this investigation was designed to evaluate the effects of low and high doses of thymoquinone (TQ) on ISO-induced myocardial injury in rats. Adult male rats were divided into control, TQ20 (20 mg/kg/day), TQ50 (50 mg/kg/day), and ISO, TQ20 + ISO and TQ50 + ISO groups. In these rats, biochemical, immunobiochemical and histopathological studies were carried out to evaluate myocardial oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis and autophagy and serum cardiac biomarkers. The results showed that TQ pretreatment in ISO-administered rats produced a dose-dependent significant reduction of the myocardial infarct size, markedly reduced the ISO-induced elevation in serum cardiac markers and demonstrated several other important findings related to the cardioprotective efficacy of TQ. First, this study is the first reported research work showing that TQ treatment could increase the myocardial reduced glutathione baseline level, adding an indirect antioxidant effect to its known direct free radical scavenging effect. Second, pretreatment with TQ significantly reduced the markers of myocardial oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis. Third, TQ acted as an autophagy enhancer ameliorating myocardial cell damage and dysfunction. Thus, the changes associated with ISO-induced myocardial injury were ameliorated with TQ pretreatment. Additionally, the extent of observed improvement was significantly greater with the high TQ dose than with the low dose use. These findings raise the possibility that TQ may serve as a promising prophylactic cardioprotective therapy for patients who are at risk of developing myocardial injury as in cases of MI.
Intelligent Route Discovery Towards Rushing Attacks in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks
Authors: Allimuthu Udayakumar , Mahalakshmi K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Networks) are distributed or delegated away from a central server, authoritative location of wireless networks that communicate without pre-existing structure. Ad-hoc networks are compromising the many types of attacks and routing. In MANET, the routing plays a vital role in terms of packets interaction and data transmission. Due to decentralized control, the MANET data transmission becomes insecure because of dispersed routing on the mobile ad-hoc nodes. Since the efficient route on MANET only controls the packets and does not simplify the route between the source to the destination, the maintenance of route interaction becomes a crucial process. Maintain effective data transactions over the MANET network, and it is essential to improve the route and locate the attacker. Nevertheless, MANET allows for route interaction against security threads. In this research article, four processing schemes are suggested to preserve the security measures against routing protocols. Especially in node communication, the rushing attacker has a significant impact on packet-based data transmission in MANET. Also, for this research, an Attacker detection automation of the Bees Colony Optimization (ADABCP) method is used, as a result of which the desired result is brought about in the effective attacker detection on the routing process. Moreover, the proposed Hybrid Random Late Detection (HRLD) routing protocol manages the MANET routing and overcomes the MANET congestion communication. The Swift Implicit Response Round Trip Time (SIRT) mechanism is generated by the Route Finding Manipulation (RFM) to enhance the performance. This RFM scheme helps to find the optimal routing in a secured manner. The proposed (SIRT-ADABCP-HRLD) approach was compared to the existing ESCT, ZRDM-LFPM, and ENM-LAC approaches, found to have improved by routing and data transmission. Compared to the conventional method, the method mentioned above achieves a better ratio for the end-to-end delay, communication overhead, packet delivery ratio, network lifetime, and energy consumption.
Highly sensitive refractive index sensor based on SPR with silver and titanium dioxide coating
Authors: yang haiming , Wang Guangyao , Lu Ying , Yao Jianquan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on dual-layered air hole shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is proposed to realize the simultaneous measurement of refractive index (RI). The plasma materials silver (Ag) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) were sequentially coated on the outer surface of PCF to obtain enhanced sensing properties. By carefully adjusting the geometrical parameters, the simulation results show a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 72000 nm/RIU for analyte refractive indices ranging from 1.26 to 1.365, which realizes the high-sensitivity sensing in the visible to near-infrared optical band. Moreover, the sensor attains a maximum figure of merit (FOM) of 229 and RI resolution of 1.29 × 10− 6. This work shows great potential for real-time, affordable, and accurate measurement in biomedical, biological and organic chemical domains.
The location of the radial nerve in the humeral shaft between the prone and lateral decubitus positions with different elbow positions and its implications: A cadaveric study
Authors: SUWANNAPHISIT SITTHIPHONG , AONSONG WACHIRAKORN , SUWANNO PORAMES , CHUAYCHOOSAKOON CHAIWAT 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Identification of the radial nerve is important during the posterior approach to a humerus fracture. During this procedure, the patient can be placed in the prone or lateral decubitus position depending on the surgeon’s preference. The distance from the radial nerve to the osseous structures will be different in each position. The purpose of this study was to identify the safety zones of the various patient and elbow flexion positions. The distances from the olecranon to the center of the radial groove and intermuscular septum and lateral epicondyle to the lateral intermuscular septum were measured using a digital Vernier caliper. The measurements were performed with the cadavers in the lateral decubitus and prone positions with different elbow flexions. The distance from where the radial nerve crossed the posterior aspect of the humerus measured from the upper part of the olecranon to the center of the radial nerve in both positions with different elbow flexion angles varied from a mean maximum distance of 130.00 mm with the elbow in full extension in the prone position to the shortest distance of 121.01 mm with elbow flexion of 120 degree in the lateral decubitus position. The mean distance of the radial nerve from the upper olecranon to the lateral intermuscular septum varied from 107.13 mm to 102.22 mm. The distance from the lateral epicondyle to the lateral edge of the radial nerve varied from 119.92 mm to 125.38 mm. There was very little change in the measurements and no important different distances of radial nerve location until the elbow was flexed to 120 degrees, which was not significant as this flexion is rarely used.