bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rumen Sampling Methods Bias Bacterial Communities Observed
Authors: Hagey Jill V. , Laabs Maia , Maga Elizabeth A. , DePeters Edward J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe rumen is a complex ecosystem that plays a critical role in our efforts to improve feed efficiency of cattle and reduce their environmental impacts. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene provides a powerful tool to survey shifts in the microbial community in response to feed additives and dietary changes. Oral stomach tubing a cow for a rumen sample is a rapid, cost-effective alternative to rumen cannulation for acquiring rumen samples. In this study, we determined how sampling method, as well as type of sample collected (liquid vs solid), bias the microbial populations observed. The abundance of major archaeal populations was not different at the family level in samples acquired via rumen cannula or stomach tube. Liquid samples were enriched for the order WCHB1-41 (phylum Kiritimatiellaeota) as well as the family Prevotellaceae and had significantly lower abundance of Lachnospiraceae compared with grab samples from the rumen cannula. Solid samples most closely resembled the grab samples; therefore, inclusion of particulate matter is important for an accurate representation of the rumen microbes. Stomach tube samples were the most variable and were most representative of the liquid phase. In comparison with a grab sample, stomach tube samples had significantly lower abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Fibrobacter and Treponema. Fecal samples did not reflect the community composition of the rumen, as fecal samples had significantly higher relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae and significantly lower relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae compared with samples from the rumen.
Functional study ofLeishmania braziliensisprotein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) reveals that PRMT1 and PRMT5 are required for macrophage infection
Authors: Lorenzon Lucas , Quilles Junior José C. , Campagnaro Gustavo Daniel , Almeida Leticia , Veras Flavio Protasio , Magalhães Rubens D. M. , Diniz Juliana Alcoforado , Ferreira Tiago R. , Cruz Angela K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn trypanosomatids, regulation of gene expression occurs mainly at the posttranscriptional level, and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key players in determining the fates of transcripts. RBPs are major targets of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), which posttranslationally regulate the RNA-binding capacity and other macromolecular interactions of RBPs by transferring methyl groups to protein arginine residues. Herein, we present the results of a study that functionally characterized the five predicted PRMTs inLeishmania braziliensisby gene knockout and endogenous protein HA tagging using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. We report that arginine methylation profiles vary amongLeishmaniaspecies and that target protein methylation changes across differentL. braziliensislife cycle stages, with higher PRMT expression in the promastigote stages than in the axenic amastigote stage. Knockout of some of theL. braziliensisPRMTs led to significant changes in global arginine methylation patterns without affecting promastigote axenic growth. Deletion of either PRMT1 or PRMT3 disrupted most type I PRMT activity, resulting in a global increase in monomethyl arginine (MMA) levels, which is mainly catalyzed by PRMT7. Putative targets and/or PRMT-interacting proteins were identified by coimmunoprecipitation using HA-tagged PRMTs, revealing a network of target RBPs and suggesting functional interactions between them and a relevant participation in epigenetic control of gene expression. Finally, we demonstrate thatL. braziliensisPRMT1 and PRMT5 are required for efficient macrophage infectionin vitro, and that in the absence of PRMT1 and PRMT5, axenic amastigote proliferation is impaired. The results indicate that arginine methylation is modulated across life cycle stages inL. braziliensisand show possible functional overlap and cooperation among the different PRMTs in targeting proteins. Overall, our data suggest important regulatory roles of these proteins throughout theL. braziliensislife cycle, showing that arginine methylation is important for parasite-host cell interactions.
Predicting the evolution of Lassa Virus endemic area and population at risk over the next decades
Authors: Klitting Raphaëlle , Kafetzopoulou Liana E. , Thiery Wim , Dudas Gytis , Gryseels Sophie , Kotamarthi Anjali , Vrancken Bram , Gangavarapu Karthik , Momoh Mambu , Sandi John Demby , Goba Augustine , Alhasan Foday , Grant Donald S. , Garry Robert F. , Smither Allison R. , Zeller Mark , Pauthner Matthias G. , McGraw Michelle , Hughes Laura D. , Duraffour Sophie , Günther Stephan , Suchard Marc A. , Lemey Philippe , Andersen Kristian G. , Dellicour Simon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLassa fever is listed among the diseases that pose the greatest risks to public health by the World Health Organization. This severe viral hemorrhagic fever is caused by Lassa virus, a zoonotic pathogen that repeatedly spills over to humans from its rodent reservoirs. It is currently not known how climate change, transformations in land use, and human population growth could affect the endemic area of this virus, currently limited to parts of West Africa. By exploring the environmental data associated with virus occurrence, we show how temperature, precipitation and the presence of pastures determine ecological suitability for virus circulation. We project that regions in Central and East Africa will likely become suitable for Lassa virus over the next decades and estimate that the total population living in areas suitable for Lassa virus may grow from about 100 million to 700 million by 2070. By analysing geotagged viral genomes, we find that in the event of Lassa virus being introduced into a new suitable region, its spread might remain spatially limited over the first decades. Our results highlight how the endemic area of Lassa virus may expand well beyond West Africa in the next decades due to human impact on the environment, putting hundreds of million more people at risk of infection.
Nutrient metabolism regulates insulin granule formation in the pancreatic islet β-cell via ER redox homeostasis
Authors: Rohli Kristen E. , Boyer Cierra K. , Bearrows Shelby C. , Moyer Marshall R. , Elison Weston S. , Bauchle Casey J. , Blom Sandra E. , Yu Chi-Li , Pope Marshall R. , Zhang Jianchao , Wang Yanzhuang , Stephens Samuel B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDefects in the pancreatic β-cell’s secretion system are well-described in Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and include impaired proinsulin processing and a deficit in mature insulin-containing secretory granules; however, the cellular mechanisms underlying these defects and the contribution of hyperglycemia to this process remain poorly understood. Here, we used an in situ fluorescent pulse-chase strategy and proximity labeling-based quantitative proteomics analysis to study proinsulin trafficking and demonstrate a direct link to glucose metabolism via the production of redox intermediates that facilitate proinsulin export from the ER. We show that ER export of proinsulin is delayed in T2D models resulting in decreased insulin granule formation and further demonstrate this process can be regulated by NADPH and reducing equivalent availability. Together, these data highlight a critical role for nutrient metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in the maladaptive remodeling of the β-cell’s secretory pathway in the decline of β-cell function in T2D.
Mechanosensitive control of mitotic entry
Authors: Dantas Margarida , Oliveira Andreia , Aguiar Paulo , Maiato Helder , Ferreira Jorge G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs cells prepare to divide, they must ensure that enough space is available to assemble the mitotic machinery without perturbing tissue homeostasis1. To do so, cells undergo a series of biochemical reactions regulated by cyclin B1-CDK1 that trigger the reorganization of the actomyosin cytoskeleton2 and ensure the coordination of cytoplasmic and nuclear events3.Along with the biochemical events that control mitotic entry, mechanical forces have recently emerged as important players in the regulation of cell cycle events4–6. However, the exact link between mechanical forces and the biochemical pathways that control mitotic progression remains to be established. Here, we identify a mechanical signal on the nucleus that helps set the time for nuclear envelope permeabilization (NEP) and mitotic entry. This signal relies on actomyosin contractility, which leads to nuclear unfolding during the G2-M transition, activating the stretch-sensitive cPLA2 on the nuclear envelope. This contributes to the spatiotemporal translocation of cyclin B1 to the nucleus. Our data demonstrate how nuclear mechanics during the G2-M transition contribute to timely and efficient mitotic spindle assembly and prevents chromosomal instability.
Effect of recrystallization on degree of sensitization in nickel free austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Shukla Sourabh , Patil Awanikumar P. , Kawale Ashlesha , Kotta Anand Babu , Ullah Inayat 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
Effect of grain size on degree of sensitization (DOS) was been evaluated in Nickel free steel. Manganese and nitrogen contained alloy is a Ni-free austenitic stainless steels (ASS) having type 202 grade. The main purpose of this investigation is to find the effect of recrystallization on the DOS of stainless steel after the thermo-mechanical processing (cold work and thermal aging).

Design/methodology/approach
In the present investigation, the deformation of 202 grade analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microstructural testing. Optical microstructure of Ni-free ASS has been done for cold worked samples with thermally aged at 900°C_6 h. Double loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation test used for findings of degree of sensitization.

Findings
Ni-free ASS appears to be deformed more rapidly due to its higher stacking fault energy which gave results in rapid transformation from strain induced martensite to austenite in form of recrystallized grains, i.e. it concluded that as cold work percentage increases more rapidly recrystallization occurs. XRD results also indicate that more fraction of martensite formed as percentage of CW increases but as thermal aging reverted those all martensite to austenite. So investigation gives the conclusion which suggests that with high deformation at higher temperature and duration gives very less DOS.

Originality/value
Various literatures available for 300 series steel related to the effect of cold work on mechanical properties and sensitization mechanism. However, no one has investigated the effect of recrystallization through thermomechanical processing on the sensitization of nickel-free steel.
Government public infrastructure investment and economic performance in Spain (1980–2016)
Authors: Perez-Montiel Jose , Manera Carles 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe authors estimate the multiplier effect of government public infrastructure investment in Spain. This paper aims to use annual data of the 17 Spanish autonomous communities for the 1980–2016 period.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use dynamic acyclic graphs and the heterogeneous panel structural vector autoregressive (P-SVAR) method of Pedroni (2013). This method is robust to cross-sectional heterogeneity and dependence, which are present in the data.FindingsThe findings suggest that an increase in the level of government public infrastructure investment generates a positive and persistent effect on the level of output. Five years after the fiscal expansion, the multiplier effects of government public infrastructure investment reach values above one. This confirms that government public infrastructure investment expansions have Keynesian effects. The authors also find that the multiplier effects differ between autonomous communities with above-average and below-average GDP per capita.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, no research uses dynamic acyclic graphs and heterogeneous P-SVAR techniques to estimate fiscal multipliers of government public investment in Spain by using subnational data.
Last hour momentum in the Chinese stock market
Authors: Yang Lu 
Published: September 2021

PurposeTo capture the last hour momentum over the intraday session, the authors develop a trading strategy for the exchange-traded fund (ETF) that is effective because of the T+0 trading rule. This strategy generates annualized excess return of 9.673%.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors identify a last hour momentum pattern in which the sixth (seventh) half-hour return predicts the next half-hour return by employing high frequency 2012–2017 data from the China Securities Index (CSI) 300 and its ETF.FindingsOverall, both the predictability and the trading strategy are statistically and economically significant. In addition, the strategy performs more strongly on high volatility days, high trading volume days, high order-imbalance days and days without economic news releases than on other days.Originality/valueNoise trading, late-information trading, infrequent rebalancing and disposition effects from retail investors may account for this phenomenon.
Design quality assessment of campus facilities through post occupancy evaluation
Authors: Hassanain Mohammad A. , Sanni-Anibire Muizz O. , Mahmoud Abubakar Sadiq 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis study aims to present the design quality assessment of facilities on a university campus in Saudi Arabia.Design/methodology/approachForty-nine standardized design quality indicators (DQIs) have been adopted for the study. These were classified into relevant categories including: “Indoor Environment, Safety and Maintenance,” “Furniture, Utilities and Spaces” and “Privacy, Appearance and Surrounding Areas.” A web-based survey was used to obtain responses from 207 respondents. The survey was designed based on a Likert scale of satisfaction and was analyzed to obtain the satisfaction indices (SI) as well as Design Quality Scores (DQS).FindingsOccupants were dissatisfied the “level of noise generated from within the space,” “amount of natural light from daylighting systems” and “ease of control of air ventilation systems” among others. The DQS revealed that residential buildings had the highest design quality in terms of “Indoor Environment, Safety, and Maintenance” and “Privacy, Appearance and Surrounding Areas.” Administrative buildings had the best design quality in terms of “furniture, utilities and spaces.” Academic buildings had the lowest design quality in terms of “Indoor Environment, Safety and Maintenance” and “Privacy, Appearance and Surrounding Areas.”Originality/valueUltimately, the study demonstrated how the adoption of a standard set of DQIs could facilitate the standardization of design quality evaluation in the property sector as well as identify best practices through comparison and benchmarking.
Physical health programs and interventions with women during incarceration: a scoping review
Authors: Emerson Amanda , Lipnicky Ashlyn , Schuster Bernard , Kelly Patricia J. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The USA outpaces most other countries in the world in the rates at which it incarcerates its citizens. The one million women held in US jails and prisons on any day in the USA face many physical health challenges, yet interventional work to address physical health in carceral settings is rare. This study’s purpose was to summarize the literature on programs and interventions implemented with women in US carceral settings (jail or prison) that primarily addressed a physical health issue or need.

Design/methodology/approach
A scoping review was conducted. The authors searched databases, reference lists, individual journals and websites for physical health program descriptions/evaluations and research studies, 2000–2020, that included women and were set in the USA.

Findings
The authors identified 19 articles and a range of problem areas, designs, settings and samples, interventions/programs, outcomes and uses of theory. The authors identified two cross-cutting themes: the carceral setting as opportunity and challenges of ethics and logistics.

Research limitations/implications
Much potential remains for researchers to have an impact on health disparities by addressing physical health needs of women during incarceration.

Originality/value
Interventional and programmatic work to address physical health needs of women during incarceration is sparse and diversely focused. This review uniquely summarizes the existing work in a small and overlooked but important area of research and usefully highlights gaps in that literature.
The impact of trust on intellectual property right protection: a cross-national study
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Thi , Duong Tien Hanh , Dinh My Tran Thanh , Pham Tram Ho Ha , Truong Thu Mai Anh 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis study aims to empirically investigate how difference in social trust explains the heterogeneity of intellectual property right (IPR) protection (proxied by software piracy rate) across countries. Specifically, the authors also examine whether this effect is complementary or substitute to legal and economic factors.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use both ordinary least square and two-stage least square regressions to investigate this effect.FindingsThe authors find that there is also a complementary effect between trust and rule of law in reducing the violation of IPRs.Originality/valueAlthough the literature by now has documented the solid relationship between trust and the quality of formal institutions, only few studies have explored more specific measures of institutional consequences. Thus, this study is the first study investigating the role of trust, a valuable social capital dimension, on IPR protection.
Patients’ assessment of medical services quality – a determinant of changes in medical entity management on the example of Poland
Authors: Hampel Katarzyna Dorota 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe article’s primary goal is to identify areas requiring improvement in the activities of healthcare entities, suggest directions for future changes, and indicate the strengths and weaknesses of the clinic’s operation based on patients’ opinions. Subjectively expressed opinions of patients are treated as acceptance of the current state of affairs or the need to introduce changes in a given area.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical research was based on information obtained from questionnaire surveys on patients’ opinions about services provided by medical entities. The hypothesis was verified by research conducted in 23 (out of 50 possible) the most dynamically developing non-public healthcare institutions in one of the regions of Poland. The conducted research was based on a proprietary survey using questions on qualitative and quantitative scales.FindingsThe results of empirical research allowed us to identify areas requiring improvement and to propose future directions of changes in the surveyed units. The suggested changes should significantly improve efficiency in the organisation and management of a health facility, focused on medical effectiveness and patients’ health effectiveness.Originality/valueFrom a broader perspective, research results may become a starting point for further considerations on changes in the organisation and management of healthcare facilities. Using the study’s conclusions in practice may positively affect the improvement of the functioning of healthcare facilities, their better reputation and contribute to increasing competitiveness in the medical services market.
The influence of alfalfa‐switchgrass intercropping on microbial community structure and function
Authors: Cha Gyuhyon , Meinhardt Kelley A. , Orellana Luis H. , Hatt Janet K. , Pannu Manmeet W. , Stahl David A. , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThe use of nitrogen fertilizer on bioenergy crops such as switchgrass results in increased costs, nitrogen leaching and emissions of N2O, a potent greenhouse gas. Intercropping with nitrogen‐fixing alfalfa has been proposed as an environmentally sustainable alternative, but the effects of synthetic fertilizer versus intercropping on soil microbial community functionality remain uncharacterized. We analysed 24 metagenomes from the upper soil layer of agricultural fields from Prosser, WA over two growing seasons and representing three agricultural practices: unfertilized switchgrass (control), fertilized switchgrass and switchgrass intercropped with alfalfa. The synthetic fertilization and intercropping did not result in major shifts of microbial community taxonomic and functional composition compared with the control plots, but a few significant changes were noted. Most notably, mycorrhizal fungi, ammonia‐oxidizing archaea and bacteria increased in abundance with intercropping and fertilization. However, only betaproteobacterial ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria abundance in fertilized plots significantly correlated to N2O emission and companion qPCR data. Collectively, a short period of intercropping elicits minor but significant changes in the soil microbial community toward nitrogen preservation and that intercropping may be a viable alternative to synthetic fertilization.
My Baby’s Movements: a stepped‐wedge cluster‐randomised controlled trial of a fetal movement awareness intervention to reduce stillbirths
Authors: Flenady V , Gardener G , Ellwood D , Coory M , Weller M , Warrilow KA , Middleton PF , Wojcieszek AM , Groom KM , Boyle FM , East C , Lawford HLS , Callander E , Said JM , Walker SP , Mahomed K , Andrews C , Gordon A , Norman JE , Crowther C 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveThe My Baby’s Movements (MBM) trial aimed to evaluate the impact on stillbirth rates of a multifaceted awareness package (the MBM intervention).DesignStepped‐wedge cluster‐randomised controlled trial.SettingTwenty‐seven maternity hospitals in Australia and New Zealand.PopulationWomen with a singleton pregnancy without major fetal anomaly at ≥28 weeks of gestation from August 2016 to May 2019.MethodsThe MBM intervention was implemented at randomly assigned time points, with the sequential introduction of eight groups of between three and five hospitals at 4‐monthly intervals. Using generalised linear mixed models, the stillbirth rate was compared in the control and the intervention periods, adjusting for calendar time, study population characteristics and hospital effects.Main outcome measuresStillbirth at ≥28 weeks of gestation.ResultsThere were 304 850 births with 290 105 births meeting the inclusion criteria: 150 053 in the control and 140 052 in the intervention periods. The stillbirth rate was lower (although not statistically significantly so) during the intervention compared with the control period (2.2/1000 versus 2.4/1000 births; aOR 1.18, 95% CI 0.93–1.50; P = 0.18). The decrease in stillbirth rate was greater across calendar time: 2.7/1000 in the first versus 2.0/1000 in the last 18 months. No increase in secondary outcomes, including obstetric intervention or adverse neonatal outcome, was evident.ConclusionsThe MBM intervention did not reduce stillbirths beyond the downward trend over time. As a result of low uptake, the role of the intervention remains unclear, although the downward trend across time suggests some benefit in lowering the stillbirth rate. In this study setting, an awareness of the importance of fetal movements may have reached pregnant women and clinicians prior to the implementation of the intervention.Tweetable abstractThe My Baby’s Movements intervention to raise awareness of decreased fetal movement did not significantly reduce stillbirth rates.