bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing diagnoses focused on universal self‐care requisites
Authors: Queirós Carmen , Silva Maria Antónia Taveira Cruz Paiva , Cruz Inês , Cardoso Alexandrina , Morais Ernesto J. 
Published: February 2021

Aims(1) To identify and analyse diagnoses documented by nurses in Portugal within the scope of universal self‐care requisites; (2) to determine the main problems with nursing diagnoses syntaxes for semantic interoperability purposes; and (3) to suggest unified nursing diagnoses syntaxes within the scope of universal self‐care requisites.Background/IntroductionAgeing societies and the increase in chronic diseases have led to significant concern regarding individuals' dependence to ensure self‐care. ICNP is widely used by Portuguese nurses in electronic health records for documentation of nursing diagnoses and interventions.MethodsA qualitative study using inductive content analysis and focus group: 1. nursing e‐documentation content analysis and 2. focus group to explore implicit criteria or insights from content analysis results.ResultsFrom a corpus of analysis with 1793 nursing diagnoses, 432 nursing diagnoses centred on universal self‐care requisites emerged from the content analysis. One hundred ten nursing diagnoses resulted from the application of new encoding criteria that emerged after a focus group meeting.ConclusionResults reveal that nursing diagnoses related to universal self‐care requisites can emphasize the impairment or potentialities of the individuals performing self‐care. It also shows a lack of consensus on nominating the nursing diagnoses of people with a deficit in universal self‐care requisites, resulting in different diagnoses to express the same needs.Implications for nursing practiceRepresentation of most relevant nursing diagnoses within the scope of universal self‐care requisites.Implications for health policyIncorporating standardized language into electronic health records is not enough for improving quality and continuity of care and semantic interoperability achievement. Electronic health records need to work with a nursing ontology in the backend to meet these requirements.
A kernel search heuristic for the multivehicle inventory routing problem
Authors: Archetti Claudia , Guastaroba Gianfranco , Huerta‐Muñoz Diana L. , Speranza M. Grazia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper an inventory routing problem is studied in which the goal is to determine an optimal distribution plan to replenish a set of customers by routing a limited fleet of capacitated vehicles over a discrete planning horizon. Each customer consumes a per period quantity of product and has a maximum inventory capacity. The goal is to minimize the total distribution cost that comprises the routing and the inventory holding costs. A matheuristic is presented, which uses the information gathered by a tabu search to build a sequence of mixed‐integer linear programming problems of small size. Extensive computational experiments are conducted on a large set of benchmark instances. The results show that the matheuristic outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in terms of average solution quality.
A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial on the antihypertensive treatment effect of a quadruple single‐pill combination
Authors: Hu Lei‐Xiao , Wang Dian , Liu Hua‐Ling , Zhang Qing‐Tao , Sun Dong‐Sheng , Zhang Li , Chen Xin , Chang Gui‐Li , Wang Ji‐Guang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial, we investigated antihypertensive treatment effect of a quadruple single‐pill combination of reserpine 0.1 mg, dihydralazine 12.5 mg, hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg, and triamterene 12.5 mg, and changes in plasma levels of monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) in patients with grade 1 hypertension. Eligible patients with a systolic/diastolic blood pressure (BP, average of six readings at two clinic visits during a 4‐week run‐in period) of 140‐159/90–99 mmHg were randomly assigned to the quadruple combination (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30). The randomized patients were instructed to take a pill of the combination or placebo once daily and followed up at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. Monoamine neurotransmitters were measured at baseline and 12 weeks of follow‐up. After 12‐week treatment, systolic/diastolic BP significantly (p ≤ .0001) decreased from 140.8 ± 7.9/89.5 ± 7.5 mmHg at baseline by 9.8 ± 1.8/6.4 ± 1.3 mmHg in the combination group. The corresponding values in the placebo group were 141.3 ± 7.9/90.3 ± 7.3 mmHg and 5.2 ± 1.8/0.4 ± 1.3 mmHg, respectively. The between‐group differences in systolic/diastolic BP changes were −4.6/−6.0 mmHg (95% CI, −9.7 to 0.6/−9.7 to −2.2 mmHg, p ≤ .08). The control rate of hypertension was higher in the combination than placebo group (63.3% vs. 16.7%, p = .0002). Plasma serotonin, but not norepinephrine or dopamine, changed in both treatment and placebo groups (p ≤ .01). Nonetheless, plasma norepinephrine tended to decrease in the treatment group (−34.4 pg/ml, p = .09). Adverse events occurred in 5 (16.7%) and 3 (10.0%) patients in the combination and placebo groups, respectively. Our study showed that the quadruple combination reduced BP and caused some changes in plasma neurotransmitters.
Kir6.1 improves cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy via the AKT‐FoxO1 signalling pathway
Authors: Wang Jinxin , Bai Jing , Duan Peng , Wang Hao , Li Yang , Zhu Qinglei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that the expression of inwardly rectifying potassium channel 6.1 (Kir6.1) in heart mitochondria is significantly reduced in type 1 diabetes. However, whether its expression and function are changed and what role it plays in type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) have not been reported. This study investigated the role and mechanism of Kir6.1 in DCM. We found that the cardiac function and the Kir6.1 expression in DCM mice were decreased. We generated mice overexpressing or lacking Kir6.1 gene specifically in the heart. Kir6.1 overexpression improved cardiac dysfunction in DCM. Cardiac‐specific Kir6.1 knockout aggravated cardiac dysfunction. Kir6.1 regulated the phosphorylation of AKT and Foxo1 in DCM. We further found that Kir6.1 overexpression also improved cardiomyocyte dysfunction and up‐regulated the phosphorylation of AKT and FoxO1 in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes with insulin resistance. Furthermore, FoxO1 activation down‐regulated the expression of Kir6.1 and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in cardiomyocytes. FoxO1 inactivation up‐regulated the expression of Kir6.1 and increased the ΔΨm in cardiomyocytes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that the Kir6.1 promoter region contains a functional FoxO1‐binding site. In conclusion, Kir6.1 improves cardiac dysfunction in DCM, probably through the AKT‐FoxO1 signalling pathway.
The Politics of Labour that Underlies European Monetary Integration
Authors: Scholz‐Alvarado Christian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe dominant literature on the development of the EU's new economic governance regime suggests that it constitutes another step towards integration in the European fiscal policy framework. However, I argue that this limited view neglects the politics of labour that underlies European monetary integration. In the euro area competitiveness adjustment is promoted, which means in practice fostering and facilitating the confrontation of workers by employers in order to keep unit labour costs down. The new economic governance reforms consistently reinforced this policy‐making logic. Its central innovation was the systematization and 'hardening' of the macroeconomic surveillance framework beyond fiscal policy, which created new competences at the EU level to intervene in national labour market policies, including wages. This is what is actually new about the new economic governance; marking a recent key moment in European monetary integration and reinforcing the politics of labour underlying it.
From clinical decision support to clinical reasoning support systems
Authors: van Baalen Sophie , Boon Mieke , Verhoef Petra 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDespite the great promises that artificial intelligence (AI) holds for health care, the uptake of such technologies into medical practice is slow. In this paper, we focus on the epistemological issues arising from the development and implementation of a class of AI for clinical practice, namely clinical decision support systems (CDSS). We will first provide an overview of the epistemic tasks of medical professionals, and then analyse which of these tasks can be supported by CDSS, while also explaining why some of them should remain the territory of human experts. Clinical decision making involves a reasoning process in which clinicians combine different types of information into a coherent and adequate ‘picture of the patient’ that enables them to draw explainable and justifiable conclusions for which they bear epistemological responsibility. Therefore, we suggest that it is more appropriate to think of a CDSS as clinical reasoning support systems (CRSS). Developing CRSS that support clinicians' reasoning process therefore requires that: (a) CRSSs are developed on the basis of relevant and well‐processed data; and (b) the system facilitates an interaction with the clinician. Therefore, medical experts must collaborate closely with AI experts developing the CRSS. In addition, responsible use of an CRSS requires that the data generated by the CRSS is empirically justified through an empirical link with the individual patient. In practice, this means that the system indicates what factors contributed to arriving at an advice, allowing the user (clinician) to evaluate whether these factors are medically plausible and applicable to the patient. Finally, we defend that proper implementation of CRSS allows combining human and artificial intelligence into hybrid intelligence, were both perform clearly delineated and complementary empirical tasks. Whereas CRSSs can assist with statistical reasoning and finding patterns in complex data, it is the clinicians' task to interpret, integrate and contextualize.
Effect of pulsed‐vacuum, hot‐air, infrared, and freeze‐drying on drying kinetics, energy efficiency, and physicochemical properties of Ginkgo biloba L. seed
Authors: Boateng Isaac Duah , Soetanto Desy Anggraini , Yang Xiao‐Ming , Zhou Cunshan , Saalia Firibu Kwesi , Li Fengnan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this research, Ginkgo biloba L. seeds (GBS) were freeze‐dried, infrared‐dried, hot‐air dried, and pulsed‐vacuum dried. A detailed analysis of their drying kinetics (drying curve, drying rate curve, effective moisture diffusivity, mathematical modeling), shrinkage and energy efficiency (specific moisture extraction, specific energy consumption), and physicochemical properties (soluble solids, total sugar, reducing sugar, ascorbic acid, phenolics, and tannins) were performed. Results showed drying methods had various effects on different indexes and were confirmed by principal component analysis. The drying process occurred in the falling‐rate period. The effective moisture diffusivity values amongst various drying methods ranged from 3.5 × 10−8 to 7.6 × 10−8 m2/s, which were within the normally expected range for food materials. The exponential model best fitted the experimental results for drying with coefficient of determination (R2 ) > .981 and root mean square error, sum of square error, and reduced chi‐square closer to zero than the parabolic and inverse‐logarithmic (Log3p1) models. The freeze‐dried GBS had the highest nutritional (statistically the same with the fresh GBS) and lower shrinkage; nevertheless, it had the lowest moisture extraction rate and the highest energy consumption. Hot‐air dried GBS had the highest shrinkage and lowest nutritional retention. Infrared‐dried GBS was superior with the highest non‐tannic phenolic, proanthocyanidins content, effective moisture diffusivity, drying rates, and energy efficiency. The current findings indicate that infrared drying is a promising drying technology for GBS and has the potential to be applied on a commercial scale.Practical applicationGinkgo seeds (GBS) are utilized as functional food across Asia. In China, ginkgo trees' extensive cultivation has surpassed market requirements, as GBS production could reach 60,000 tons per year. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new opportunities to take advantage of the availability and usage of GBS regardless of the season and overcome the situation that GBS usage only remains at incipient phases of home‐cooked recipes. Drying is a common approach to preserve foods'. Nonetheless, there are some drawbacks to conventional drying method, such as low energy efficiency, lengthy process periods, and a decline in quality attributes. The infrared dryer provided a reduced drying time, highest drying rate, energy efficiency, and good quality; thus, it could be applied in the food industry to hot air and freeze‐drying, allowing the drying method for GBS faster. The research provided a predictive mathematical model for the parameter control GBS drying process.
Uncovered Interest Parity, Forward Guidance and the Exchange Rate
Authors: GALí JORDI 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUnder uncovered interest parity (UIP), the size of the effect on the real exchange rate of an anticipated change in real interest rate differentials is invariant to the horizon at which the change is expected. Empirical evidence using U.S., euro area and UK data points to a substantial deviation from that invariance prediction: expectations of interest rate differentials in the near (distant) future are shown to have much larger (smaller) effects on the real exchange rate than is implied by UIP. Some possible explanations are discussed.
A Classical View of the Business Cycle
Authors: BELONGIA MICHAEL T. , IRELAND PETER N. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the 1920s, Irving Fisher described how variations in the price level, presumably caused by changes in the money stock, were associated with cyclical movements in output and employment. At the same time, Holbrook Working designed a rule for achieving price stability through control of the money supply. This paper develops a structural vector autoregression that allows these “classical” channels of monetary transmission to operate alongside the modern New Keynesian interest rate channel. Even with Bayesian priors favoring the New Keynesian view, the U.S. data produce posterior distributions for the model's parameters consistent with the ideas of Fisher and Working.
Urothelial carcinoma in the urinary bladder of a Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata)
Authors: Johnson Amanda L. , Dozier Brandy L. , Colgin Lois M. A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTumors of urinary origin are infrequently reported in non‐human primates. Urothelial carcinoma involving the urinary bladder was diagnosed in an adult female Japanese macaque that extended transmurally to the uterus and cervix. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a primary cystic urothelial carcinoma in a Japanese macaque.
A ketogenic diet differentially affects neuron and astrocyte transcription
Authors: Koppel Scott J. , Pei Dong , Wilkins Heather M. , Weidling Ian W. , Wang Xiaowan , Menta Blaise W. , Perez‐Ortiz Judit , Kalani Anuradha , Manley Sharon , Novikova Lesya , Koestler Devin C. , Swerdlow Russell H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractKetogenic diets (KDs) alter brain metabolism. Multiple mechanisms may account for their effects, and different brain regions may variably respond. Here, we considered how a KD affects brain neuron and astrocyte transcription. We placed male C57Bl6/N mice on either a 3‐month KD or chow diet, generated enriched neuron and astrocyte fractions, and used RNA‐Seq to assess transcription. Neurons from KD‐treated mice generally showed transcriptional pathway activation while their astrocytes showed a mix of transcriptional pathway suppression and activation. The KD especially affected pathways implicated in mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum function, insulin signaling, and inflammation. An unbiased analysis of KD‐associated expression changes strongly implicated transcriptional pathways altered in AD, which prompted us to explore in more detail the potential molecular relevance of a KD to AD. Our results indicate a KD differently affects neurons and astrocytes, and provide unbiased evidence that KD‐induced brain effects are potentially relevant to neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
image
Clinical and serological prognostic factors in childhoodGuillain‐Barrésyndrome: A prospective cohort study in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Imran , Papri Nowshin , Hayat Shoma , Jahan Israt , Ara Gulshan , Islam Badrul , Islam Zhahirul 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGuillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in children. The objective of this study was to investigate the preceding infections, clinical, serological and electrophysiological characteristics and outcome of childhood GBS in Bangladesh. We included 174 patients with GBS aged <18 years from a prospective cohort in Bangladesh between 2010 and 2018. We performed multivariate logistic regression to determine the risk factors for poor outcome. Among 174 children with GBS, 74% (n = 129) were male. Around half of the patients (49%, n = 86) had severe muscle weakness, 65% (n = 113) were bedbound (GBS disability score 4) and 17% (n = 29) patients required mechanical ventilation at admission.Campylobacter jejuniserology and anti‐GM1 IgG antibody were positive in 66% and 21% of the patients respectively. One hundred and forty‐three (82%) patients did not receive standard treatment and half of them recovered fully or with minor deficits at 6‐month. Twenty patients (11%) died throughout the study period. At 3‐month of onset of weakness, complete recovery or recovery with minor deficit was significantly higher in demyelinating GBS patients compared to axonal GBS patients (86% vs 51%,P= .001). Cranial nerve palsy (OR = 4.00, 95%CI = 1.55‐10.30,P= .004) and severe muscle weakness (OR = 0.16, 95%CI = 0.06‐0.45,P= .001) were the important risk factors of poor outcome in children with GBS. Further large‐scale studies are required for better understanding of factors associated with mortality and morbidity in childhood GBS.
Coping in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and motor neuron disease: Systematic review
Authors: Oh Juyeon , An Jiwon , Park Kyongok 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo systematically review previous studies on the variables associated with coping strategies in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and motor neuron disease (ALS/MND), such as demographics, clinical features and patient‐reported outcomes.BackgroundCoping strategies are important factors for adjustment and quality of life (QOL) in patients with long‐term conditions, and this topic in people with ALS/MND has not yet been the subject of a systematic review.DesignA systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA checklist.MethodsElectronic databases, including CINAHL, MEDLINE and EMBASE, were systemically searched from their inception to December 2019 for articles meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) written in English, (2) published in peer‐reviewed journals, (3) included subjects with ALS/MND and (4) used quantitative measurements of coping strategies in people with ALS/MND.ResultsTwenty‐one articles were included. Significant relationships between participants’ demographics (age and sex) and any coping strategy aspect were shown in six studies. Eight studies found significant relationships between clinical characteristics (disease duration and physical functional status) and coping strategies, and ten studies reported coping strategies that were associated with patients’ QOL and mental health outcomes.ConclusionYounger people used relatively more problem‐focused, emotion‐focused and social support coping strategies, and women used relatively more social support coping strategies. Problem‐focused coping was generally related to better QOL and mental health, and emotion‐focused coping was generally related to less depression.Relevance to clinical practiceAs the pattern of coping strategies is related to demographic and clinical characteristics, this study could be used to inform the provision of patient‐centred nursing in clinical care. Coping patterns are related to mental health and QOL; thus, in clinical care, it is recommended that people with ALS be encouraged to develop skills that enable them to cope more effectively and that their coping strategies be assessed.
The effects of facility dogs on burnout, job‐related well‐being, and mental health in paediatric hospital professionals
Authors: Jensen Clare L. , Bibbo Jessica , Rodriguez Kerri E. , O’Haire Marguerite E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine the effect of working with a facility dog on paediatric healthcare professionals’ work‐related burnout, job perceptions and mental health.BackgroundDue to their roles caring for ill children and distressed families, paediatric healthcare professionals often experience substantial depression and burnout. According to prior research, facility dogs in children's hospitals may provide significant benefits to paediatric patients. However, their potential effects on healthcare professionals have been minimally explored.DesignA cross‐sectional design was used in adherence to the STROBE checklist.MethodAmong 130 participants, n = 65 paediatric healthcare professionals working with a facility dog were compared to n = 65 control participants matched on age, gender identity, job position category and pet ownership. Hierarchical regression assessed the effect of working with a facility dog on standardised self‐report measures of work‐related burnout, job perceptions and mental health.ResultsFor work‐related burnout, working with a facility dog was associated with higher perceived personal accomplishment, but had no effect on emotional exhaustion. With respect to job perceptions, working with a facility dog was associated with more positive job descriptions and lower intention to quit, but not with perceptions about co‐workers or workplace social support. Finally, in relation to mental health, working with a facility dog was associated with more positive emotions, better perceived mental health and less depression, but had no effect on anxiety.ConclusionFindings suggest that facility dogs may be related to several benefits for healthcare professionals’ work‐related burnout, job perceptions and mental health, but that they do not influence all components of these areas.Relevance to clinical practiceThe present research functions to inform personnel in paediatric hospitals with existing facility dog programmes on the scope of their effects, in addition to shaping the expectations of hospitals considering the addition of a facility dog programme.