bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
مرآيا المركز في مواجهة الهامش في رواية (لأنّك قدريّ ) لـلكاتبة ضحى غالب
Authors: جبار حياوي منهي العبودي سناء 
Published: November 2021

تستحضر الكاتبة ضحى غالب ظاهرة ثنائية المركز والهامش وهي من ظواهر المجتمع, ولتأصيلها ومعالجتها في النص, يأتي التعبير عنه خطابًا سردًيا, فتضع شخصياتها في دائرة ذات نواة يؤدي كل منهما دوره بحسب السِّياق, ولرصد الظواهر الإنسانيّة ومتغيراتها ودلالاتها, لابد من تحديد أبعادها, فثنائية المركز والهامش في طبيعتها هي ذات ارتباط وطيد بنواحي الحياة, لكنها بشكل عام تقع في دائرة التفاعلات والصراعات، وحدود الفِعْل فيها يتسم بطابع التغيير حسب المجال, ومركز الفِعْل. وعليه فإن هذا الموضوع يحتاج إلى تحديد الفكرة والمجال؛ لتساعد الباحث على سبر أغوار الموضوع وتحديد أطر وأفكار البحث عبر أنساق وسياقات الظاهرة.
Bricks in the Shanghai Landscape: Revealing the City’s Shifting Identities
Authors: Kanagaratnam Tina 
Published: November 2021

This paper considers the parallels between the changes in Shanghai’s brick usage through history and the city’s shifting identities. Taking a new angle on studies of the Chinese wall, the author looks at the most basic element of the wall – the brick – in the context of Shanghai’s social and political history and postcolonial theory and proposes that it was the changes in the city’s identity, precipitated by both internal and external forces, that have ultimately driven the selection and subsequent interpretation of brick types during different periods of history. This paper also considers how brick usage is employed today to reinterpret history and define heritage.
Panelist's Level of Favor for Natural Non-MSG Flavor from Different Fish Meat
Authors: Teni Novianti  
Published: November 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap penyedap rasa alami non MSG yang dibuat dari daging ikan yang berbeda. Prosedur pada penelitian ini yaitu pembuatan penyedap rasa alami dari ikan kembung dan ikan layang, perhitungan rendemen ikan dan analisis tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap penyedap rasa alami non MSG dari daging ikan yang berbeda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, tahapan pengolahan penyedap rasa alami non MSG berbahan baku ikan meliputi proses pemilihan bahan baku, pencucian I, pemfilletan, pencucian II, penghalusan I, penimbangan I, pengeringan, penghalusan II, pengayakan, penimbangan II dan pengemasan. Jumlah rendemen ikan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku utama pembuatan penyedap rasa alami non MSG yaitu sebesar 50-53 %. Pengujian analisis tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap penyedap rasa alami non MSG dari daging ikan yang berbeda diperoleh hasil bahwa tingkat kesukaan rasa dan aroma penyedap rasa ikan layang lebih disukai di bandingkan dengan rasa dan aroma penyedap rasa ikan kembung. Hal ini dikarenakan rasa dan aroma yang dihasilkan dari asam glutamate pada penyedap rasa ikan layang lebih kuat. Tingkat kesukaan terhadap tekstur penyedap rasa ikan kembung dan ikan layang masing-masing sebesar 6,6 dan 6,2 (agak suka). Sedangkan tingkat kesukaan terhadap warna penyedap rasa ikan kembung lebih disukai dari pada ikan layang dengan nilai tingkat kesukaan penyedap rasa ikan kembung 7,4 (suka).

Kata Kunci : Tingkat Kesukaan, Penyedap Rasa Alami, Ikan Kembung, Ikan Layang.
Seedling Functional Types and Cotyledons Shape Some Species of Woody Plant
Authors: Handayani Tri 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Woody plant produce small to large seeds which can affect germination process. Cotyledons as an important food source for early growth of seedlings. The position, function, and type of cotyledons when seeds germinate varies. This research aimed to determine cotyledons characters of woody plant seedlings collection in Bogor Botanic Gardens. The position, function and type of cotyledons were observed for 65 species of seedlings.This research used an observative method and was analyzed descriptively.The position of cotyledons when the seeds germinate are epigeal (above the ground) and hypogeal (remain in the soil). The epigeal cotyledons type found in 44 species that is higher than hypogeal cotyledons type (21 species). The function of cotyledons for seedlings is to reserve food or photosynthesis. Species with cotyledon reserve type were more than foliar cotyledons type (43 species and 22 species, respectively). The proportion of seedling types CER (cryptocotylar-epigeal-reservoir), CHR (cryptocotylar-hypogeal-reservoir), PEF (phanerocotylar-epigeal-foliaceous), PER (phanerocotylar-epigeal-reservoir), PHR (phanerocotylar-hypogeal-reservoir) were 3.08%, 16.92%, 33,85%, 29,23%, 16,92%, respectively.
Pengembangan pelayanan akupressur pada ibu di klinik pratama rawat inap Aisyiyah Pandaan-Pasuruan
Authors: Hanum Sri Mukhodim Faridah 
Published: November 2021

Latar Belakang : Pandemi Covid 19 membuat perubahan di segala bidang terutama pelayanan kesehatan. Klinik Pratama Rawat Inap Aisyiyah Pandaan adalah salah satu tempat pelayanan kesehatan yang terdampak Covid 19. Mitra PKM adalah bidan dan perawat Klinik Pratama Rawat Inap Aisyiyah Pandaan. Permasalahan mitra: Penurunan jumlah kunjungan yang cukup drastis akibat pandemi Covid 19. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, tim pengabdian yang terdiri dari dosen kebidanan dan fisioterapi serta mahasiswa berusaha memberikan solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan mitra, yaitu dengan penambahan jenis pelayanan berupa terapi komplementer akupresur pada ibu dan anak di Klinik Aisyiyah yang banyak dicari masyarakat. Tujuan PKM : menambah kompetensi SDM Klinik di bidang terapi komplementer akupresur untuk mendukung tambahan pelayanan baru di Klinik Aisyiyah Pandaan sehingga dapat meningkatkan kunjungan pasien. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu dengan memberikan pelatihan akupresur pada bidan dan perawat Klinik Aisyiyah Pandaan. Materi pelatihan disampaikan oleh tim pengabdi tentang akupresur pada ibu khususnya untuk meningkatkan stamina dan produksi ASI selama nifas, massase bayi dan akupresur pada anak untuk berbagai keluhan ringan. Luaran dalam kegiatan ini adalah : 1) para bidan dan perawat memiliki pemahaman dan kompetensi pelayanan akupresur serta ada penambahan pelayanan baru di Klinik yaitu pelayanan akupresur pada ibu dan anak, 2) menjadi karya ilmiah yang dipublikasikan di jurnal nasional dan media massa.
Effectivity of Large Intestine 4 Point Accupressure on Labour Pain Stage-I Active Phase
Authors: Noviyanti  , Ratna Dewi  , Adri Idiana  
Published: November 2021

Background: Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 36 of 2009 concerning traditional health services (Yankestrad), namely articles 1, 48, 59, 60 and 61. Acupressure is included in Yankestrad skills that are easy, cheap, simple, effective, and without any side effects. harmful. Acupressure at the Large Intestine 4 Point (LI4) based on the literature is able to reduce labor pain in the first stage of the active phase.
Methods: This type of research is quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test research design. The samples were divided into two groups, the treatment group and the control group.
Results: Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded as follows: Active phase I labour pain before being given Acupressure Therapy for primigravida mothers in PMB Aceh Besar District averaged 7.35. Active phase I labour pain after being given Acupressure Therapy to primigravida mothers in PMB Aceh Besar District decreased by an average of 5.47.
Conclusions: There are differences in labour pain in the stage-I of active phase in the Acupressure therapy group with the Routine care group for the stage-I of labour for primigravida mothers in PMB Aceh Besar District.
Conventional Synthetic Dmards in Psoriatic Arthritis: Changing Practice in Biologic Era; Real-Life Results from HURBIO-PsA Registry
Authors: Bilgin Emre , Kalyoncu Umut 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic musculoskeletal disorder which may affect skin, joints, bone and enthesis. Conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are first-line treatment options and biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are recommended in psoriatic arthritis patients who are intolerant/not controlled well with conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Although survival data of the conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs without concomitant biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are available, the effect of biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs on the retention of conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs is still a question of interest.
Materials and Methods: Psoriatic arthritis patients who received at least 1 dose of biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, using at least 1 conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (methotrexate, leflunomide, hydroxychloroquine and sulfasalazine) at the time of biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs starting visit and registered in the Hacettepe University BIOlogical Database-Psoriatic Arthritis were included in this retrospective longitudinal analysis. Demographic and disease-specific data at first and last follow-up visit were collected. Unadjusted retention rate of each conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs was assessed. Overall prescription of conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs at first and last follow-up visit were compared.
Results: A total of 266 (191(71.8%) female) patients was included. Median follow-up duration under biologic treatment was 43.4 (19.4-80.1) months. Median retention duration of each conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs were similar. Between the first and last visit; there was a 29.3% decrease in methotrexate use (61.7% vs. 43.6%; p<0.001), 8.4% decrease in leflunomide use (31.2% vs. 28.6%; p=0.30), 30.0% decrease in sulfasalazine use (11.3% vs. 7.9%; p=0.05), 31.1% decrease in hydroxychloroquine use (16.9% vs. 11.7%; p=0.001), 12.5 % decrease in glucocorticoids use (51.1% vs. 44.7%; p=0.015). At last visit, 59 (22.2%) patients were conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs -free: 20 (7.5%) patients were using only glucocorticoids, 39 (14.7%) patients were conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs + glucocorticoid-free.
Conclusion: Although conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs were significantly discontinued in an important percent of patients after the initiation of biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, percentage of patients using glucocorticoids at last visit was still high. Studies aiming to demonstrate when, in whom and how to discontinue conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are needed.
HIV and AIDS serta Dampaknya Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja di Perusahaan Indonesia
Authors: Sultan Muhammad 
Published: November 2021

HIV dan AIDS merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menjadi masalah besar di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Selama beberapa tahun terakhir, tingkat infeksi HIV dan AIDS terus mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. Tidak seperti pada kebanyakan penyakit, HIV dan AIDS sebagian besar penderita usia produktif antara 15 hingga 49 tahun. Persentase infeksi HIV tertinggi dilaporkan pada kelompok umur 25-49 tahun dan persentase AIDS tertinggi pada kelompok umur 30-39 tahun. Oleh karena itu, HIV dan AIDS dapat menjadi suatu ancaman besar bagi angkatan kerja Indonesia dan membawa dampak yang sangat buruk bagi perekonomian dan permasalahan di tempat kerja.
Mengingat usia produktif adalah tulang punggung pada dunia kerja, apabila HIV dan AIDS makin meluas pada masyarakat pekerja, maka akan mengakibatkan berbagai dampak negatif seperti berkurang atau melemahnya sumber daya manusia pekerja, peningkatan biaya pengobatan dan perawatan, kehilangan hari kerja, situasi kerja tidak kondusif, yang kesemuanya itu akan mempengaruhi penurunan produktivitas kerja dan mengancam kelangsungan dunia usaha. Maka, untuk mengantisipasi dampak negatif dari kasus HIV dan AIDS di tempat kerja diperlukan upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan yang optimal.
Berbagai dampak negatif yang muncul sebagai akibat terinfeksi HIV dan AIDS antara lain kerugian ekonomi baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung yang diderita individu, perusahaan, dan negara. Penderita HIV dan AIDS akan mengalami kerugian ekonomi yang diakibatkan kurangnya produktivitas kerja dan bahkan kehilangan pekerjaan. Perusahaan akan mengeluarkan biaya yang cukup besar dalam penanganan penderita HIV dan AIDS. Penurunan produktivitas pekerja akan berdampak pada kurangnya hasil produksi perusahaan dan secara signifikan berdampak pada perekonomian nasional karena terkait pada penerimaan pajak.
Kurangnya pemahaman dan kesadaran tenaga kerja tentang HIV dan AIDS di tempat kerja menjadi penyebab munculnya stigma dan diskriminasi bagi ODHA. Stigma dan diskriminasi bagi ODHA juga akan menimbulkan pada gangguan kesehatan mental dan sosial. Selain itu, dampak kesakitan dan bahkan kematian akan dirasakan oleh penderita HIV dan AIDS. Orang yang telah terinfeksi HIV akan mengalami penurunan kekebalan tubuh sehingga dengan mudah terserang penyakit lainnya. Banyaknya penyakit tambahan bagi penderita HIV akan semakin mempercepat pada kematian. Oleh karena itu, perlu program dan tindakan nyata pencegahan dan penanggulangan HIV dan AIDS di tempat kerja melalui sosialisasi secara rutin dan berkesinambungan, ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana penunjang pencegahan HIV dan AIDS seperti keberadaan tenaga konselor, klinik, dan kerjasama lintas sektor dengan instansi serta pihak lain yang peduli HIV dan AIDS.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STATE IN AN ANCIENT STATE‐LEGAL PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Павлов Станислав 
Published: November 2021

The article defines and analyzes the characteristics of the state in the works of political theorists of Antiquity. The author notes the special features of the definition of the notion of the state in the Ancient World, which were based on the idea of the state's purpose. The comments of modern researchers on the discussed question are given. Defining the characteristics of the state in the works of Aristotle, Plato, Democritus and Cicero the author notices that at that time the notion "the characteristics of the state" wasn’t formed.
Preparation and Evaluation of Starch Hydrogel/Contact Lens Composites as Epigallocatechin Gallate Delivery Systems for Inhibition of Bacterial Adhesion
Authors: Zhao Lianghui , Wang Hongwei , Feng Chengcheng , Song Fangying , Du Xianli 
Published: November 2021

Microbial infections caused by wearing contact lenses has become a major health problem, so the design and development of antibacterial contact lenses has attracted widespread attention. To safely and effectively inhibit bacterial adhesion of contact lenses, we have facilely prepared epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) loaded starch hydrogel/contact lens composites by in-situ free radical polymerization of the mixture containing 2-hydroxylethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. The adequate transmittance of the resulting contact lenses was characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and their satisfactory stability was examined using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Whereafter, cytotoxicity and degradation experiments were performed to investigate the biocompatibility and degradability of the contact lenses. The results showed the nontoxicity and good degradability of the composites. Besides, the capacity of the contact lenses for in vitro release of EGCG was also evaluated, and the results showed that the EGCG in these contact lenses can be sustainably released for at least 14 days. Further bacterial adhesion assay suggested that the EGCG loaded starch hydrogel/contact lenses could significantly reduce the adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to the control. The EGCG loaded starch hydrogel/contact lens composites provide a potential intervention strategy for preventing ocular microbial infections and inhibiting bacterial keratitis.
Restrictive vs. Liberal Red Blood Cell Transfusion Strategy in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Anemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yeshen , Xu Zhengrong , Huang Yuming , Ye Qirao , Xie Nianjin , Zeng Lihuan , Lian Xingji , Dai Yining , Chen Jiyan , He Pengcheng , Tan Ning , Liu Yuanhui 
Published: November 2021

Objective: Anemia is frequent in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and the optimal red blood cell transfusion strategy for AMI patients with anemia is still controversial. We aimed to compare the efficacy of restrictive and liberal red cell transfusion strategies in AMI patients with anemia.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov, from their inception until March 2021. Studies designed to compare the efficacy between restrictive and liberal red blood cell transfusion strategies in patients with AMI were included. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, including overall mortality, in-hospital or follow-up mortality. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were presented and pooled by random-effects models.Results: The search yielded a total of 6,630 participants in six studies. A total of 2,008 patients received restrictive red blood cell transfusion while 4,622 patients were given liberal red blood cell transfusion. No difference was found in overall mortality and follow-up mortality between restrictive and liberal transfusion groups (RR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.82–1.40, P = 0.62; RR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.56–1.42, P = 0.62). However, restrictive transfusion tended to have a higher risk of in-hospital mortality compared with liberal transfusion (RR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.00–1.50, P = 0.05). No secondary outcomes, including follow-up reinfarction, stroke, and acute heart failure, differed significantly between the two groups. In addition, subgroup analysis showed no differences in overall mortality between the two groups based on sample size and design.Conclusion: Restrictive and liberal red blood cell transfusion have a similar effect on overall mortality and follow-up mortality in AMI patients with anemia. However, restrictive transfusion tended to have a higher risk of in-hospital mortality compared with liberal transfusion. The findings suggest that transfusion strategy should be further evaluated in future studies.
Combination of Tumor Mutational Burden and Specific Gene Mutations Stratifies Outcome to Immunotherapy Across Recurrent and Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Peng Ying-Peng , Wang Rong , Liu Qiao-Dan , Xu Xi-Wei , Wei Wei , Huang Xiao-Tao , Peng Xiao-Mou , Liu Zhi-Gang 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic significance of tumor mutational burden (TMB) combined with specific prognosis-related gene mutations in immunotherapy for recurrent and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (r/m HNSCC).Methods: One hundred thirty-two r/m HNSCC patients from the Morris and Allen cohorts had undergone immunotherapy. We constructed the immunotherapy-related gene prognostic index TP-PR combining TMB and PIK3CA, TP53, or ROS1 mutation. And we analyzed the differences in overall survival (OS) and immune cell infiltration between samples in different groups. The association of each signature’s single-sample gene set enrichment analysis scores with TP-PR was tested using Spearman’s correlation test.Results: The median OS of the patients with high TMB (TMB ≥10 mut/Mb) who received immunotherapy for r/m HNSCC was 2.5 times as long as that of the patients with low TMB (25 vs. 10 months). More importantly, the high TP-PR (TP-PR &gt;0) group had better median OS (25 vs. 8 months) than the low TP-PR (TP-PR ≤0) group. CD8+ T cells and activated memory CD4+ T cells in the tissues of the patients with high TP-PR were higher than those in the patients with low TP-PR. Results showed that TP-PR stratification had a higher area under the curve (AUC) value (0.77, 95% CI 0.86–0.68) compared with TMB stratification (0.56, 95% CI 0.68–0.44). The differential gene expression in the high and low TP-PR groups mainly influenced metabolism-related signaling pathways.Conclusion: TP-PR was an effective predictor of immunotherapy outcome for r/m HNSCC, which might be better than TMB alone. Patients with high TP-PR had a better survival benefit than had the patients with low TP-PR.
The Effect of Insight Questions Inventory and Visual Support Strategies on Carer-Reported Quality of Life for Children With Cerebral Palsy and Perceptual Visual Dysfunction in Nigeria: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Duke Roseline E. , Chimaeze Torty , Kim Min J. , Ameh Soter , Burton Kathryn , Bowman Richard 
Published: November 2021

Structured clinical history question inventories have previously been used to try and elicit symptoms of perceptual visual dysfunction (PVD) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) in different settings. Earlier studies have suggested that PVD may affect quality of life and specific habilitational strategies, linked to inventory responses, may improve quality of life. Through an RCT, based on a community based sample of children with CP in Cross River State, Nigeria, we aimed to determine if a structured history inventory such as the Insight question inventory (IQI) and associated tailored visual support strategies (IQI VSS) for the management of those children who have PVD, can improve quality of life and is superior to standard therapy. Children with CP were recruited by the key informant method and confirmed by clinical examination. The parent reported IQI was used to identify children with PVD. Primary outcome measures were both Pediatric Quality of Life 4.0 Generic (PedsQL 4.0 Generic) and Pediatric Quality of Life 3.0 Cerebral Palsy (PedsQL 3.0 CP) scale scores. Children were enrolled with a parallel arm allocation to either IQI and IQI VSS or to standard therapy for CP. Children were followed up for 6 weeks with weekly phone call session and the questionnaires repeated at the end of the 6 weeks’ period. Results show that the children in the treatment group (n= 191) showed no significantly different change between baseline and follow up in quality of life (PedsQL 4.0 Genericp= 0.943: and PedsQL-CP 3.0p= 0.287), compared to the control group. There was suggestion of a better improvement (p= 0.035) in the PedsQL 3.0 CP subscale of speech and communication for the intervention group. The use of IQI VSS for the treatment of PVD in children with CP in this population does not show any superiority over current standard CP management in terms of overall quality of life. However, there was some evidence of improvement in quality of life in the area of speech and communication. Further research and refinement of these management method is required.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier [PACTR20161200188] 6396.