bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing Evidence-Informed Discharge Preparedness Tools in the NICU
Authors: Mazur Kathleen M. , Desmadryl Megan , VanAntwerp Katherine , Ziegman Corrie , Nemshak Michelle , Shuman Clayton J. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Few studies address preparing parents of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants for infant discharge. Inadequate or ineffective parental preparedness for discharge can result in preventable emergency department and primary care visits. Parents' perceptions are needed to inform development and implementation of effective educational tools to improve parent discharge preparedness in the NICU.

Purpose:
To describe the perceptions of parents of recently discharged NICU infants regarding discharge preparedness and implementation of the My Flight Plan for Home parent discharge preparedness tool.

Methods:
We used a qualitative descriptive design to collect individual interview data from 15 parents with infants discharged from a level 4 NICU in the Midwest. Individual interviews were conducted using a semistructured guide and were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed using the constant comparative method.

Results:
We identified 5 major themes: (1) family dynamics; (2) parenting in the NICU; (3) discharge preparedness; (4) engaging parents in infant care; and (5) implementation recommendations for the My Flight Plan for Home tool. Minor themes supported each of the major themes.

Implications for Practice:
To improve parents' confidence in caring for their infant after discharge, parents suggest nurses must engage parents in discharge education and infant care shortly following NICU admission and use parent-centered discharge preparedness tools.

Implications for Research:
Future studies are needed to develop and test parent-tailored strategies for implementing parent discharge preparedness tools in the NICU.
Chronic Infusion of Astaxanthin Into Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Modulates Cytokines and Attenuates the Renin–Angiotensin System in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Gao Hong-Li , Yu Xiao-Jing , Liu Kai-Li , Zuo Yi-Yi , Fu Li-Yan , Chen Yan-Mei , Zhang Dong-Dong , Shi Xiao-Lian , Qi Jie , Li Ying , Yi Qiu-Yue , Tian Hua , Wang Xiao-Min , Yu Jia-Yue , Zhu Guo-Qing , Liu Jin-Jun , Kang Kai B. , Kang Yu-Ming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract:
Oxidative stress, the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), and inflammation are some of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The aim of this study is to examine the protective effect of the chronic administration of astaxanthin, which is extracted from the shell of crabs and shrimps, into hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Animals were randomly assigned to 2 groups and treated with bilateral PVN infusion of astaxanthin or vehicle (artificial cerebrospinal fluid) through osmotic minipumps (Alzet Osmotic Pumps, Model 2004, 0.25 μL/h) for 4 weeks. Spontaneously hypertensive rats had higher mean arterial pressure and plasma level of norepinephrine and proinflammatory cytokine; higher PVN levels of reactive oxygen species, NOX2, NOX4, IL-1β, IL-6, ACE, and AT1-R; and lower PVN levels of IL-10 and Cu/Zn SOD, Mn SOD, ACE2, and Mas receptors than Wistar–Kyoto rats. Our data showed that chronic administration of astaxanthin into PVN attenuated the overexpression of reactive oxygen species, NOX2, NOX4, inflammatory cytokines, and components of RAS within the PVN and suppressed hypertension. The present results revealed that astaxanthin played a role in the brain. Our findings demonstrated that astaxanthin had protective effect on hypertension by improving the balance between inflammatory cytokines and components of RAS.
Relationship Between Thiopurine S-Methyltransferase Genotype/Phenotype and 6-Thioguanine Nucleotide Levels in 316 Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease on 6-Thioguanine
Authors: Bayoumy Ahmed B. , Mulder Chris J. J. , Loganayagam Aathavan , Sanderson Jeremy D. , Anderson Simon , Boekema Paul J. , Derijks Luc J. J. , Ansari Azhar R. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), conventional thiopurine users cease treatment in 60% of cases within 5 years, mostly because of adverse events or nonresponse. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate the role of 6-thioguanine nucleotide (TGN) measurements, geno/phenotyping of thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT), and their mutual relationship with TG therapy in IBD.

Methods:
An international retrospective, multicenter cohort study was performed at 4 centers in the Netherlands (Máxima Medical Centre) and the United Kingdom (Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, and East Surrey Hospital).

Results:
Overall, 526 6-TGN measurements were performed in 316 patients with IBD. The median daily dosage of TG was 20 mg/d (range 10–40 mg/d), and the median duration of TG use was 21.1 months (SD, 28.0). In total, 129 patients (40.8%) had a known TPMT status. In the variant-type and wild-type TPMT genotype metabolism groups, median 6-TGN values were 1126 [interquartile range (IQR) 948–1562] and 467.5 pmol/8 × 10E8 red blood cells (RBCs) (IQR 334–593). A significant difference was observed between the 2 groups (P = 0.0001, t test). For TPMT phenotypes, in the slow, fast, and normal metabolism groups, the median 6-TGN values were 772.0 (IQR 459–1724), 296.0 (IQR 200–705), and 774.5 pmol/8 × 10E8 RBCs (IQR 500.5–981.5), with a significant difference observed between groups (P < 0.001, analysis of variance).

Conclusions:
Our findings indicated that TPMT measurements at TG initiation can be useful but are not necessary for daily practice. TPMT genotypes and phenotypes are both associated with significant differences in 6-TGN levels between metabolic groups. However, the advantage of TG remains that RBC 6-TGN measurements are not crucial to monitor treatments in patients with IBD because these measurements did not correlate with laboratory result abnormalities. This presents as a major advantage in countries where patients cannot access these diagnostic tests.
Initial Serum C-reactive Protein Level as a Predictor of Increasing Serum Vancomycin Concentration During Treatment
Authors: Isoda Kazuya , Nakade Junya , Suga Yukio , Fujita Arimi , Shimada Tsutomu , Sai Yoshimichi 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Vancomycin has a narrow therapeutic window, and an increase in its serum concentration-to-dose ratio during treatment can cause renal toxicity. Therefore, this study was aimed at finding a marker to identify patients at risk of increasing serum vancomycin during treatment.

Methods:
This was a retrospective cohort study of patients treated with vancomycin at Kanazawa University Hospital, Japan, from April 2012 to May 2015. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the correlations between changes in vancomycin concentration-to-dose ratio and initial values or changes in laboratory data and other parameters. In addition, a multiple regression analysis was conducted.

Results:
One hundred ninety-nine patients for whom 2 or more points of data on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of intravenous vancomycin treatment were available and did not undergo dialysis were included in the study. Changes in vancomycin concentration-to-dose ratio were associated with C-reactive protein (CRP) and sodium (Na) levels on the initial day of TDM and with changes in white blood cell count, Na, and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs). Multiple regression analysis helped identify CRP and Na levels on the initial day of TDM and change in eGFR as independent influencing variables.

Conclusions:
A high serum CRP level on the initial day of TDM is an independent predictor of increasing vancomycin concentration-to-dose ratio in patients receiving intravenous vancomycin treatment, even if eGFR remains unchanged.
Epidemiology of Achilles Tendon Rupture in Italian First Division Football (Soccer) Players and Their Performance After Return to Play
Authors: Grassi Alberto , Caravelli Silvio , Fuiano Mario , D'Hooghe Pieter , Filippini Matteo , Della Villa Francesco , Mosca Massimiliano , Zaffagnini Stefano 
Published: February 2021

Objective:
To evaluate the epidemiology, incidence rate, incidence proportion, and prevalence of Achilles tendon ruptures (ATRs) in professional footballers and their performance after the injury.

Data Sources:
Professional male footballers participating in Serie A in 11 consecutive seasons (2008/2009-2018/2019) were screened to identify ATRs through the online football archive transfermarkt.com. Exposure in matches and training was calculated. The number of matches played in the 5 seasons before and after ATRs was obtained, when possible, together with transfers to a different team or participation in lower Divisions.

Main Results:
Eleven ATRs were found in 11 footballers with a mean age of 29.8 ± 4.4 years; 72% of ATR involved the nondominant leg; 58% occurred during matches and 42% during training, with no peculiar distribution along the playing season. The overall incidence proportion was 0.17% (0.11% during matches and 0.06% during training). The overall incidence rate was 0.007 injuries per 1000 hours of play (0.051 during matches and 0.003during training; P < 0.0001). All players returned to play soccer after a mean of 170 ± 35 days after ATRs and participated in an official match after a mean of 274 ± 98 days. However, 2 seasons after ATRs, 3 footballers were playing in a lower Division; 1 played less than 10 matches (compared with >25 matches in the 5 seasons before an ATR) and 1 had retired.

Conclusions:
An overall ATR rate of 0.007 per 1000 hours of soccer play and an incidence proportion of 0.17% were reported. All footballers return to play; however, up to 40% players decreased the level of play by reducing the number of games or participating in a lower Division 2 seasons after an ATR.
Effects of Laser Therapy on Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Chia Wen-Chun , Chang Ching-Hsiang , Hou Wen-Hsuan 
Published: February 2021

Objective
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of laser therapy on rheumatoid arthritis.

Design
A search of controlled trials was conducted in different medical electronic databases. The primary outcome was immediate pain relief after treatment. Secondary outcomes were level of functional disability, morning stiffness duration, and 3-mo follow-up for pain.

Results
Ten trials met the inclusion criteria. Rheumatoid arthritis treatment with laser therapy significantly improved immediate pain relief (standardized mean difference = −0.839, 95% confidence interval = −1.336 to −0.343) and overall functional score (standardized mean difference = −0.309, 95% confidence interval = −0.587 to −0.031). There was no significant improvement in morning stiffness duration (standardized mean difference = −0.519, 95% confidence interval = −1.176 to 0.138), and 3-mo follow-up for pain (standardized mean difference = −1.125, 95% confidence interval = −2.311 to 0.061). There was no publication bias (Egger regression, P = 0.277). However, heterogeneity was noted despite the removal of an outlier (Q = 18.646, I
2 = 57.096). Results of subgroup analyses suggested that high-intensity laser therapy and nerve irradiation are better suited for immediate pain relief. Meta-regression analyses showed no significant linear relationship between the treatment effect with laser wavelength or number of treatment sessions.

Conclusions
Laser therapies provide significant immediate pain relief and improve function for rheumatoid arthritis patients, but without significant improvement in morning stiffness duration and 3-mo follow-up for pain.
Systematic review registration number: CRD42020192906.
Solimonas marina sp. nov., isolated from deep seawater of the Pacific Ocean
Authors: Liu Xiupian , Lai Qiliang , Sun Fengqin , Du Yaping , Gai Yingbao , Li Guangyu , Shao Zongze 
Published: February 2021

A taxonomic study was carried out on strain C16B3T, which was isolated from deep seawater of the Pacific Ocean. The bacterium was Gram-stain-negative, oxidase- and catalase- positive and rod-shaped. Growth was observed at salinities of 0–8.0 % and at temperatures of 10–45 °C. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain C16B3T belonged to the genus

Solimonas

, with the highest sequence similarity to

Solimonas terrae

KIS83-12T (97.2 %), followed by

Solimonas variicoloris

MN28T (97.0 %) and the other four species of the genus

Solimonas

(94.5 –96.8 %). The average nucleotide identity and estimated DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain C16B3T and the type strains of the genus

Solimonas

were 74.05−79.48 % and 19.5–22.5 %, respectively. The principal fatty acids (>5 %) were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c/C18 : 1
ω6c; 20.9 %), iso-C16 : 0 (14.6 %), C16 : 1
ω5c (9.4 %), iso-C12 : 0 (8.4 %), summed feature 2 (C14 : 0 3-OH/iso I-C16 : 1 and C12 : 0 aldehyde; 6.8 %) and C16 : 0 (5.5 %). The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 65.37 mol%. The respiratory quinone was determined to be Q-8 (100 %). The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, four unidentified aminolipids, six unidentified phospholipids and one unidentified polar lipid. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data show that strain C16B3T represents a novel species within the genus

Solimonas

, for which the name Solimonas marina sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain C16B3T (=MCCC 1A04678T=KCTC 52314T).
In vitroevaluation of grapevine endophytes, epiphytes and sap micro-organisms for potential use to control grapevine trunk disease pathogens
Authors: Blundell Robert , Arreguin Molly , Eskalen Akif 
Published: February 2021

SummaryGrapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) threaten the economic sustainability of viticulture worldwide causing a significant reduction of both yields and quality of grapes. Biological control presents a promising sustainable alternative to cultural and chemical methods to mitigate the effects of pathogens causing GTDs, including Botryosphaeria dieback, Eutypa dieback and Esca. This study aimed to identify naturally occurring potential biological control agents from a variety of grapevine tissues, including sap, cane and pith and evaluate their antagonistic activity against selected fungal pathogens responsible for GTDsin vitro. Bacterial and fungal isolates were preliminary screenedin vitroto determine their antifungal activity via a dual culture assay againstNeofusicoccum parvumandEutypa lata. Among the fungal isolates,Trichodermaspp. inhibitedE. latamycelial growth up to 64% andN. parvummycelial growth up to 73% with overgrowth and stopped growth being the likely antagonistic mechanisms. Among the bacterial isolates,Bacillusspp. inhibitedE. latamycelial growth up to 20% andN. parvummycelial growth up to 40%. Select antagonistic isolates ofTrichoderma, Bacillus and Aureobasidiumspp. were subject to further dual culture antifungal analysis againstDiplodia seriataandDiaporthe ampelina, withTrichodermaisolates consistently causing the greatest inhibition. Volatile organic compound antifungal analysis revealed that theseTrichodermaisolates resulted significantly inhibited mycelial growthof N. parvum, E. lata andD. ampelinacausing up to 20.11%, 60.55% and 70.9% inhibition respectively (P≤0.05). Multilocus sequence analysis revealed that theTrichodermaisolates are most closely related toTrichoderma asperellumandTrichoderma hamatum. This study identifies grapevine sap as a novel source of potential biological control agents for control of GTDs to support existing efforts to control GTDs. Further testing will be necessary to fully characterize these microbes mode of antagonism and assess their efficacy for pruning wound protectionin planta.
Catestatin regulates the colonic mucus layer in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Muntjewerff Elke M. , Lutter Lisanne , Tang Kechun , Lindert Mariska Kea-te , Fransen Jack , Oldenburg Bas , Mahata Sushil K. , van den Bogaart Geert 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe pro-hormone chromogranin A (CgA) and its bioactive cleavage product catestatin (CST) are both associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and dysregulated barrier functions, but their exact role has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that CST regulates the colonic mucus layer.MethodsCST levels were measured in feces of IBD patients. The mucus layer, goblet cells, and immune cell infiltration were analyzed by histology and electron microscopy in colon tissue from IBD patients and mice with selective deletion of the CST-coding region of the CgA gene.ResultsCST levels were elevated in feces of IBD patients compared to healthy controls. The thickness of the mucus layer was increased in non-affected, but not in inflamed, regions of the colon in IBD patients. The thickness of the mucus layer and concomitant mucus production were also increased in the CST-KO mouse. This mucus phenotype in CST-KO mice could be reversed by bone marrow transplantation from wildtype mice.ConclusionsCST produced by bone-marrow derived immune cells reduces production of the mucus layer in the intestine. This might contribute to the reduced mucus layer in inflamed colon regions of IBD patients. Additionally, CST feces levels might be a biomarker for IBD.
In-silicoStructural and Molecular Docking-Based Drug Discovery Against Viral Protein (VP35) of Marburg Virus: A potent Agent of MAVD
Authors: Quazi Sameer , Malik Javed , Capuzzo Arnaud Martino , Suman Kamal Singh , Haider Zeshan 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThe Marburg virus (MARV) is a highly etiological agent of hemorrhagic fever in humans. MARV has spread across the world, including America, Australia, Europe, and different Asia countries. However, there is no approved vaccine to combat MARV, combined with a high mortality rate, which makes antiviral drugs against MARV urgent. The viral protein (VP35) is a core protein of MARV that involves multiple functions of the infection cycle. This research used anin-silicodrug design technique to discover the new drug-like small molecules that inhibit VP35 replication. First, several combinations of ∼ 4260 showed that structure-based similarity above 90% was retrieved from an online “PubChem” database. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock 4.2, and ligands were selected based on docking / S score lower than reference CID_5477931 and RMSD value between 1-2. Finally, about 50 compounds showed greater bonding producing hydrogen, Van der Waals, and polar interactions with VP35. After evaluating their binding energy strength and ADMET analysis, only CID_ 3007938 and CID_11427396 were finalized, which showed the most vital binding energy and a strong inhibitory effect with MARV’s VP35. The higher binding energy, suitable ADMET, and drug similarity parameters suggest that these “CID_ 3007938 and CID_11427396” candidates have incredible latency to inhibit MARV replication; hence, these strengths led to the treatment of MAVD.
DNA repair enzyme NEIL3 enables a stable neural representation of space by shaping transcription in hippocampal neurons
Authors: Kunath Nicolas , Bugaj Anna Maria , Bigonah Pegah , Fernandez-Berrocal Marion Silvana , Bjørås Magnar , Ye Jing 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTDNA repair enzymes are essential for the maintenance of neuronal genome and thereby proper brain functions. NEIL3 is a member of the NEIL family DNA glycosylases initiating oxidative DNA base excision repair. Recent studies show that NEIL3-deficiency leads to impaired spatial performance in mice, decreased adult neurogenesis and altered synaptic composition in the hippocampus. However, it remains elusive how NEIL3 contributes to spatial information coding in hippocampal neurons. Here, we revealed impaired spatial stability inNeil3−/−CA1 place cells, demonstrating a functional interference of NEIL3 with spatial representations. We identified NEIL3-dependent transcriptional changes in response to spatial exploration and defined its regulatory role specifically for NMDA receptor subunits and immediate early genes. Our work demonstrates a non-canonical role of NEIL3 in modulating the functional plasticity of place cells by shaping the neuronal transcriptome, thus sheds light on the molecular determinants enabling a stable neural representation of space.
Differential gene regulation in DAPT-treated Hydra reveals molecular pathways dependent on Notch signalling during interstitial cell differentiation and formation of the oral-aboral axis inHydra
Authors: Moneer Jasmin , Siebert Stefan , Krebs Stefan , Cazet Jack , Prexl Andrea , Pan Qin , Juliano Celina , Böttger Angelika 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Notch pathway is highly conserved and essential for animal development. We investigated the function of Notch-signalling inHydraby using the presenilin inhibitor DAPT, which efficiently blocks propagation of Notch-signals. InHydra, DAPT treatment prevents differentiation of proliferating nematocyte progenitor cells into mature nematocytes. Moreover, it causes defects in theHydrahead by compromising the head organizer. In order to understand the molecular mechanisms by which the Notch pathway regulates these processes we performed RNAseq to identify genes that are differentially regulated in response to 48 hours of DAPT-exposure. This revealed downregulation of 624 genes and upregulation of 207 genes. To identify candidate direct regulators of Notch-signalling, we also profiled gene expression changes that occur during restoration of Notch-activity 3 and 6 hours after DAPT-removal. We then analysed gene expression patterns of these Notch-responsive genes in untreated animals by interrogating the available single cell sequencing data set for untreated animals and found that almost half of the Notch responsive genes were specifically expressed in nematocytes and nematocyte progenitors. This confirms the critical role for Notch-signalling in nematocyte development. Promoter analyses and gene expression profiling after DAPT-removal suggested an indirect role for Notch in regulating aPOU-transcription factor, which is critical for nematogenesis. In support of a role for Notch-signalling in head organizer formation, we identified several head organizer genes in the Notch regulated gene data set, includingCngsc, a homologue ofgoosecoid,a gene associated with the Spemann organizer, and the Wnt pathway genesSp5, TcfandWnt-7.Finally, the expression levels of the tentacle patterning genesHyAlxandSp5rapidly recovered after DAPT removal. Given that these genes possess Notch-responsive RBPJ transcription factor binding sites in their regulatory regions, these genes are likely directly targeted by Notch signalling. In summary, our data provide a comprehensive picture of the molecular pathways regulated by Notch signalling in interstitial cell differentiation and formation of the oral-aboral axis inHydra.