bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical Uses of Continuous Transcutaneous Oxygen Monitoring
Authors: Pasnick Marykay , Lucey Jerold F. 
Published: December 2021

The comparison between intermittent Pao2 samples and a continuous transcutaneous PO2 recording can be compared to viewing a sports event by means of a single black and white photograph taken during the game versus a televised version complete with instant replays. Transcutaneous monitoring has made it possible to visualize the immediate effect of therapeutic maneuvers on PO2 as well as the physiologic response to a variety of routine procedures. In certain clinical situations with circulatory compromise, this measurement of tissue oxygenation may be a more pertinent clinical parameter than Pao2. The ability to monitor transcutaneous O2 tension continuously should enable researchers to further unravel the relationship of Po2 to various neonatal disorders such as retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and intraventricular hemorrhage.
Other physiologic parameters may also be measured transcutaneously. A transcutaneous Pco2 monitor is now in use clinically, and a transcutaneous pH electrode, still in the developmental process, should be available in the near future. Like the transcutaneous Po2 monitor, these devices generate a continuous flow of clinical data enabling nurses and physicians to make rapid informed decisions based on the patient's current physiologic status.
Early Intervention for the Biologically Handicapped Infant and Young Child: Is It of Value?
Authors: RUSSMAN Barry S. 
Published: December 2021

Early intervention or infant stimulation programs have been developed for those children who are at risk for not achieving normal developmental milestones because of environmental or biologic problems. The high-risk children who have organic deficits can be identified by in utero, neonatal, or postnatal difficulties that have been correlated with specific diagnostic categories such as cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and learning disabilities. Whether early recognition and initiation of stimulation for this group of infants enhance neurologic development is unproven. On the other hand, there is no doubt that families of these children, and especially their mothers, have a much greater degree of stress compared with that experienced by families from the same socioeconomic backgrounds and whose children do not have such problems. Because of this observation, the programs must offer not only motoric, cognitive, and language stimulation, but also supportive psychological services.
The pediatrician should take a leadership role in helping families understand the purpose of infant stimulation programs in order to prevent disappointments when the infants involved with these programs make minimal gains. The pediatrician's ongoing support to the family is necessary, not only during the first few years of the child's life but even through the school-age years. It is also encumbent upon the pediatrician to develop a knowledge of programs available as well as a knowledge of the law as it pertains to the handicapped child.
The Role of the Practitioner in the Care of Children with Acute Leukemia
Authors: Dunn Nancy L. , Maurer Harold M. 
Published: December 2021

The prognosis for a child with acute leukemia has improved dramatically over the past two decades. There are many factors that account for the improved survival rate including: better supportive care, especially for infectious and hematologic complications; sophisticated diagnostic techniques; and more effective multimodality treatment. The purpose of this article is to provide a guide for handling some of the more common questions and problems that may arise in the course of managing the care of a child with leukemia in practice.
The classification of leukemia, previously based simply on the morphology of the bone marrow elements, is now determined by a complex array of morphologic, cytochemical, and immunologic characteristics. The determination of cell surface and cytoplasmic markers by immunologic assays now permits the subclassification of acute lymphocytic leukemia, the most common form of childhood leukemia, into T, B, null, and pre-B subtypes (Table 1). The T and B cell subtypes are associated with a poorer prognosis than the null and pre-B cell subtypes and treatment is tailored accordingly.
Antileukemic therapy also has undergone change and refinement. The 1950s and 1960s brought many new cytotoxic drugs, first used singly and then in combinations. The end of this era was marked by the discovery of the value of prophylactic CNS treatment, using cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate, in greatly reducing the incidence of meningeal leukemia.
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)—A Pediatric Perspective
Authors: DESPOSITO FRANKLIN , MINNEFOR ANTHONY , OLESKE JAMES 
Published: December 2021

The number of reported cases of adults with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is increasing and concern is growing regarding the potential impact of this epidemic on the pediatric population. Male homosexuals were the initial group afffected by AIDS. Soon thereafter, the disease was encountered among intravenous drug abusers, Haitians, and hemophiliacs. Major defects in cellular immune function develop and leave AIDS patients vulnerable to serious, often fatal opportunistic infections or malignancies.
In late 1982, the first evidence was provided to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) indicating that infants and young children were victims of AIDS-like illness. Of five patients reported with otherwise unexplained immunodeficiency and opportunistic infection, one had received multiple blood transfusions for anemia and hyperbilirubinemia as a newborn.
Jimsonweed Abuse
Authors: Rumack Barry H. 
Published: December 2021

Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) is a plant found commonly throughout the United States. It is a member of the Solanum family to which other common plants, such as the potato, also belong. The genus Datura is found throughout the world under a variety of common names. All have similar pharmacologic activity. The botanical and common names for some of the Datura genus are shown in Table 1. Also listed are some examples of the Solanaceae family and others that have similar anticholinergic pharmacology and presentation.
Datura stramonium is a plant which grows to the height of three to six feet. Other members of the genus may be tree-like and grow to heights of more than 20 feet, especially in South America. D stramonium is an annual herb which grows from midspring to the first hard freeze; it reproduces primarily from seeds. It has dark green leaves similar to but larger than those seen on common tomato plants. It blooms approximately two months after it begins growth and develops long white flowers, lending the name "angel's trumpet" to members of this species. If the temperature condition at night does not fall below approximately 58°F, the fruit will set at the base of these flowers. A round fruit with spines will develop, thus the name "thron apple" (Figs 1 and 2).
Genetic and Related Biomedical Aspects of Twinning
Authors: Hecht Frederick , Hecht Barbara K. 
Published: December 2021

Twins are nothing new. They have been of interest for thousands of years.
The Song of Solomon sang in amorous tones: "Thy breasts are like two young roes that are twins, which feed among the lilies."
Genesis relates the story of Adam and Eve and their sons: Cain and Abel. According to Mohammedan tradition, Cain and Abel were born with twin sisters. Adam wished for Cain to marry Abel's twin and for Abel to marry Cain's twin. However, Cain was enamored of his own twin sister and so in jealousy slew his brother Abel.
Twins appear in many ancient writings beyond the Bible. Romulus and Remus, the mythic founders of Rome, were twins. Shakespeare wrote of "twinn'd lambs that did frisk; ' the sun, and bleat the one of the other" in The Winter's Tale.
GALTON: THE STUDY OF TWINS
Modern scientific interest in twins dates to Sir Francis Galton. In 1875, Galton emphasized the importance of studies of twins to distinguish heredity from environment or, as he put it, "nature from nurture." Galton, a cousin of Charles Darwin, made numerous other contributions, among them the study of fingerprints which are remarkably alike in identical twins. Fingerprints are today commonplace in law. In pediatrics, dermatoglyphic features assist in the rapid clinical diagnosis of trisomy 13, 18, and 21 (Down syndrome).
Lyme Disease
Authors: Doughty Robert A. 
Published: December 2021

Lyme disease is an excellent example of successful medical pursuit of the cause of an idiopathic clinical syndrome. This pursuit led ultimately to a description of the bacterial source of the disease, the insect vector and its geographic distribution, the pathogenesis of the disease, and its treatment and complications.
The clinical syndrome, initially termed "Lyme arthritis," was first recognized in 1975 in Lyme, Connecticut by Dr Allen Steere and colleagues. They described a localized epidemic of a disease beginning with an unusual skin lesion followed by joint, neurologic, and cardiac manifestations. The "typical" patient was 5 to 15 years old, and the disease usually was seen in the summer with a distinct rash accompanied by chills, malaise, arthralgia and myalgia, head-ache and stiff neck, and occasionally pharyngitis.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION (Table 1)
The rash, erythema chronicum migrans (ECM), usually appears on a proximal extremity or the trunk, beginning as a red macule on papule which gradually enlarges to form a large plaque-like annular lesion averaging 16 cm in diameter (Fig 1). The lesions typically last about 3 weeks. Approximately half the patients have more than one skin lesion appearing within a few days of the initial lesion and sometimes merging with it. The outer border of the expanding lesion is usually intensely red and flat; the middle often shows some clearing.
Chronic Leukemia of Childhood
Authors: Weisman Steven J. , Berkow Roger L. , Baehner Robert L. 
Published: December 2021

The chronic leukemias of childhood include chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in childhood is a monoclonal B-cell neoplasm of great infrequency. CML occurs with enough frequency to warrant a review for the general pediatrician.
CML is a clonal (derived from a single cell line) myeloproliferative disorder that has two major forms in childhood, which, as a group, account for 2% to 5% of the childhood leukemias. "Adult" CML is a classic clonal myeloproliferative disease demonstrating the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1). Its chronic phase lasts 2 to 3 years, then evolves into an acute phase which terminates in the blastic crisis. "Juvenile" CML is more often seen in infants and toddlers and is notable for the presence of rash, adenopathy, absence of the Ph1 chromosome, and elevated level of hemoglobin F. In fact, the two diseases have less in common than the similar names would imply. Approximately one third of CML in childhood is of the juvenile type.
A third type of myeloproliferative disorder resembling CML has been reported in two pairs of infant siblings. It clinically resembles juvenile CML, but does not appear to have the nearly universally fatal outcome. Finally, a familial myeloproliferative syndrome, which most closely resembles adult CML, has been reported in a large kindred.
Przełożony kościelny a notitia criminis w sprawie zastrzeżonego dla Kongregacji Nauki Wiary przestępstwa przeciwko VI przykazaniu Dekalogu
Authors: Majer Piotr 
Published: December 2021

Autor w artykule przedstawił analizę odpowiedzialności ordynariusza, który otrzymuje informację o możliwym przestępstwie przeciwko VI przykazaniu Dekalogu, zastrzeżonym dla Kongregacji Nauki Wiary, w świetle Vademecum opublikowanego przez tę Kongregację 16 lipca 2020 roku. Prezentowane są następujące zagadnienia: notitia criminis jako źródło wiedzy o możliwym przestępstwie, problem właściwości ordynariusza oraz kryteria wstępnej weryfikacji otrzymanej informacji. W konkluzji autor dostrzega, że swoboda ordynariusza w dokonywaniu oceny wiadomości o przestępstwie oraz podjęciu decyzji o dochodzeniu wstępnym zostaje znacznie zmniejszona. Ograniczenie uznaniowości jest jednym z istotnych elementów niedawnej reformy kanonicznego prawa karnego przeprowadzonej przez papieża Franciszka.
Słowo i obraz. Homilia w transmisji audiowizualnej
Authors: Draguła Andrzej 
Published: December 2021

Artykuł podejmuje problem wpływu czynnika technologicznego na percepcję homilii głoszonej podczas Mszy św. transmitowanej w radiu, telewizji czy też za pomocą streamingu internetowego. Przepowiadanie słowa Bożego jest poddane tym samym prawom, co inne transmisje live. Homilia słuchana w radiu pozbawiona jest warstwy wizualnej, a homilia transmitowana w telewizji oraz Internecie dociera do odbiorcy w wersji wizualnej zmontowanej przez reżysera obrazu. Obie formy różnią się od homilii wysłuchiwanej i oglądanej na żywo w kościele. Percepcja uwarunkowana medium, za pośrednictwem którego dokonuje się transmisja, warunkuje recepcję treści kazania. I choć skuteczność nadprzyrodzona słowa Bożego nie jest deterministycznie powiązana ze skutecznością komunikacyjną czy retoryczną, medialne pośredniczenie w odbiorze kazania nie pozostaje bez wpływu na jego skuteczność.
Między rygoryzmem a relatywizmem. Aspekty moralne współczesnych homilii
Authors: Swędrowski Jerzy 
Published: December 2021

Orędzie Jezusa Chrystusa stoi w centrum nauczania kaznodziejskiego. Cały wymiar moralny w chrześcijaństwie realizuje się w perspektywie osobowej i przybiera praktyczny wymiar w postępowaniu. Religia i moralność pozwala ukazać nowość chrześcijaństwa i miejsce człowieka wobec Boga, wobec siebie i wobec wspólnoty. Na przestrzeni wieków kerygmat pozostaje centrum przepowiadania, a sytuacja życiowa człowieka staje się przestrzenią współpracy z Bożą łaską. Skrajne postawy rygoryzmu i relatywizmu wypływają najczęściej z braku jedności w ludzkich postawach i kulturze. Objawiają się one poprzez moralizowanie i budowanie wniosków oderwanych od rzeczywistości. Drogą rozwoju jest odkrywanie jedności w Bogu i jedności z Bogiem. Kaznodzieja spełnia rolę keryksa i mistagoga i czerpie ze źródeł na wzór ojców Kościoła. Moralne powinności pozostają tak długo odległe od człowieka, jak długo nie nawiązuje on relacji osobowych.
Model Story Brand w procesie przygotowania homilii
Authors: Kowalski Rafał 
Published: December 2021

Tekst traktuje o możliwości i sposobach wykorzystania modelu Story Brand, stworzonego przez Donalda Millera, amerykańskiego pisarza, mówcę i biznesmana, jako pomocy w formułowaniu jasnego przekazu marketingowego dla przedstawicieli firm, przekonujących klientów do swoich produktów lub idei w procesie przygotowania homilii i kazań. Autor, zachowując kontekst nauk teologicznych, omawia poszczególne etapy, prowadzące do stworzenia atrakcyjnej i skutecznej mowy, która będzie oddziaływała na myślenie i działanie słuchaczy. Wydobywa przy tym te elementy, które mogą przyczynić się do poprawienia jakości homilii. Czytelnik zatrzymuje się przy siedmiu „przystankach” modelu SB7, które mają go doprowadzić do przygotowania skutecznego, a przede wszystkim ciekawego i trzymającego w napięciu komunikatu. Nie naruszając nauczania Kościoła na temat treści, która powinna znaleźć się w homilii, autor wskazuje jak wykorzystać osiągnięcia nauk o komunikacji dla celów homiletycznych, czego efektem będzie nadanie właściwej struktury komunikatowi, którym w tym przypadku jest jednostka przepowiadania.
The Torment of Preaching and Listening in a Pluralistic Society
Authors: Šuráb Marian 
Published: December 2021

The homily is an act of communication that consists of three elements: the preacher, the listener, and the homily. The purpose of homilies is to update the message of salvation and encourage the faithful to live the gospel. The homily as communication should take place in a peaceful environment. If this is not the case, preaching and listening may result in suffering. The paper mentions several reasons why this happens. The preacher may suffer from a new cultural and religious circumstance, authority issues, impaired spirituality, personal difficulties, loss of enthusiasm and fear or excessive stage fright. For listeners, the torment of listening may be caused by unfulfilled expectations, a bad relationship with the preacher, or homilies that lack simplicity, are full of abstract sentences, are long or unprepared.
Całun Turyński a relacje ewangelistów o Męce Pańskiej
Authors: Bogacz Roman 
Published: December 2021

Chociaż w świetle nauki nie można z całą pewnością stwierdzić, że Całun Turyński jest płótnem, w które w czasie pogrzebu był owinięty Jezus Chrystus, to jednak przez analogię można przeprowadzić badania porównawcze danych o Męce Pańskiej wyprowadzonych z Ewangelii z wynikami badań syndonologów zajmujących się analizą naukową Całunu. Artykuł jest próbą takiego właśnie porównania relacji Ewangelistów z danymi z Całunu Turyńskiego. Okazuje się, że nie ma w tych danych żadnych sprzeczności, wręcz pasują one w całości do ewangelicznych opisów. Co więcej, opisy te w wielu punktach są lapidarne. Natomiast badania nad Całunem dostarczają wielu szczegółów, o których ewangeliści nie wspominają.
ANALYSIS OF THE COMBINED STRUCTURE OF THE SHAFT OF THE DNIPRO METRO BY THE FINITE ELEMENTS METHOD
Authors: TIUTKIN O. L. , BANNIKOV D. O. , MIROSHNYK V. А. , HELETIUK I. V. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The development of construction of underground excavations of the Dnipro Metro requires analysis and scientific substantiation of design solutions based on technologies that are new for Ukraine. The aim of the scientific article is to analyze the combined design of the shaft of the Dnipro Metro by the finite element method with determination of force factors in the linings of the pile system and shotcrete system with further substantiation based on the results of design solutions to the real situation of Dnipro Metro construction. Methodology. Two finite element models were constructed for the analysis of the shaft № 1 of the Dnipro Metro by the finite element method. They reflect the combined design of the shaft, which consists of two parts. The finite-element model of the pile system, which reflects the shell of bored piles, supported by a cap beam and ring beams, is analyzed separately. The model for the shotcrete system, which is used for the second part of the shaft, which lies in a solid rock mass, is separately modeled and analyzed. Finite-element models of both systems are assigned real deformation and geometric parameters, as well as the load, which became the key to adequate calculations by the finite element method. Findings. During the numerical analysis of the combined structure of the shaft № 1 of Dnipro Metro, the force factors (normal forces and bending moments) for the pile system and the shotcrete system were determined. These results became the basis for the reinforcement of both systems. Originality. A numerical analysis of the shaft structure was performed, which provided a complete picture of the force factors that allow predicting the appearance of normal forces and bending moments in similar engineering and geological conditions. Practical value. The results of the analysis of the combined design of the shaft of the Dnipro Metro by the finite element method allowed to scientifically substantiate the design solutions and ensure high performance of both shaft systems № 1.
Statin-induced rhabdomyolysis in a 60-year-old woman with decompensated type 2 diabetes: a case report
Authors: Tsygankova O. V. , Evdokimova N. E. , Bayramova S. S. , Susekov A. V. 
Published: December 2021

Rhabdomyolysis is a very rare and most severe form of statin-induced muscle adverse event characterized by muscle pain, muscle necrosis with myoglobinemia and/or myoglobinuria with a very high risk of acute kidney injury and death. The article presents a case report of developing rhabdomyolysis in a middleaged female patient with hypertension, decompensated type 2 diabetes and albuminuria. A 60-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for emergency indications with complaints of severe muscle weakness that began in the neck, which spread over several days to the upper and lower extremities, with a symptoms progression up to paresis. According to the appointment of a primary care physician, three months before hospitalization, the patient was switched from therapy with European generic brand-name rosuvastatin 20 mg to the Russian generic unbranded atorvastatin in the same dose (20 mg), which is not comparable in lipid-lowering effect. In a laboratory study, an increase in creatine phosphokinase level by 348 times (50462 U/L) of upper normal limit in combination with severe hypokalemia 1б7 mmol/L in the absence of renal dysfunction was recorded. Cancellation of statin, metformin and empagliflozin, intensive infusion therapy and treating electrolyte imbalance made it possible to prevent the development of acute renal damage, life-threatening arrhythmias and completely stop muscle complaints within a few days. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 23rdday with reference clinical and laboratory values, including creatine phosphokinase.This case emphasizes the importance of maintaining clinical suspicion regarding rhabdomyolysis in patients receiving statin therapy in the presence of risk factors (in this case, female sex, hyperglycemia, chronic kidney disease, concomitant therapy), as well as the relevance of timely diagnosis and treatment of this condition.
Evolution of diagnostic criteria for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and their application in clinical practice
Authors: Lutokhina Yu. A. , Blagova O. B. , Shestak A. G. , Zaklyazminskaya E. V. , Alexandrova S. A. , Nedostup A. V. 
Published: December 2021

This article describes evolution of criteria for arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C). The novel diagnostic criteria for ARVD/C published in 2020 are analyzed in detail, among which biventricular and leftdominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy are identified for the first time. The need to develop novel criteria was fed on the accumulation of new data on ARVD/C, in particular, significant advances in magnetic resonance imaging technologies. The novel criteria retained high sensitivity and specificity in relation to traditional right ventricular disease form and became more sensitive in relation to the biventricular and left-dominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.Nevertheless, the addition of left-dominant disease forms reduces the criteria specificity in general, since left ventricle involvement with a similar clinical performance can have different etiology that goes beyond the ARVD/C, even when mutations are detected in typical genes, which is demonstrated by case reports described in the article. Like the previous two versions, the novel criteria will be fully assessed only with a large sample of patients after their introduction into the routine cardiology clinical practice.