bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The developmental regulator PatD modulates assembly of the cell‐division protein FtsZ in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120
Authors: Wang Li , Niu Tian‐Cai , Valladares Ana , Lin Gui‐Ming , Zhang Ju‐Yuan , Herrero Antonia , Chen Wen‐Li , Zhang Cheng‐Cai 
Published: July 2021

SummaryFtsZ is a tubulin‐like GTPase that polymerizes to initiate the process of cell division in bacteria. Heterocysts are terminally differentiated cells of filamentous cyanobacteria that have lost the capacity for cell division and in which the ftsZ gene is downregulated. However, mechanisms of FtsZ regulation during heterocyst differentiation have been scarcely investigated. The patD gene is NtcA dependent and involved in the optimization of heterocyst frequency in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Here, we report that the inactivation of patD caused the formation of multiple FtsZ‐rings in vegetative cells, cell enlargement, and the retention of peptidoglycan synthesis activity in heterocysts, whereas its ectopic expression resulted in aberrant FtsZ polymerization and cell division. PatD interacted with FtsZ, increased FtsZ precipitation in sedimentation assays, and promoted the formation of thick straight FtsZ bundles that differ from the toroidal aggregates formed by FtsZ alone. These results suggest that in the differentiating heterocysts, PatD interferes with the assembly of FtsZ. We propose that in Anabaena FtsZ is a bifunctional protein involved in both vegetative cell division and regulation of heterocyst differentiation. In the differentiating cells PatD‐FtsZ interactions appear to set an FtsZ activity that is insufficient for cell division but optimal to foster differentiation.
Analysing the impacts of climate variability on the yield of Kharif rice over Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Sohail , Dastgeer Ghulam 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRainfall and temperature are essential climate parameters that determine crop yield variability at a regional level. The purpose of this study is to analyse the impacts of climate variability on the Kharif rice crop in the Punjab regions, Pakistan for the period of 1979–2018. Skewness and kurtosis, standardization, and Mann–Kendall methods were used to measure the effects of climate variability on Kharif rice yield over the Punjab regions, Pakistan. As compared to other regions, high variability in rice yield is found in the Sargodha region. Results revealed that high maximum and minimum temperatures were noticed in all investigated regions of Punjab. More variation in minimum temperature is detected than the maximum temperature in the Central region. The regions in Southern and Western Punjab were mostly influenced by maximum temperature. Mean temperature shows a significant negative relationship to rice yield during a vegetative phase in the Gujranwala and Rawalpindi regions. The maximum temperature has a negative significant effect on the plant establishment resulting in a reduction in the number of rice plants during the tillering and stem elongates stages in Bahawalpur and Sargodha regions. In the Gujranwala and Multan regions, high maximum temperature increases the floral initiation in the rice plant which reduces the rice grain weight in the heading and flowering stages. The minimum temperature declares a significant negative effect on the Kharif yield of rice in the Gujranwala, Faisalabad, and Multan zones during the re‐plantation stage. Rainfall has a significant positive impact on rice yield during the re‐plantation and tillering stages in the Lahore, Sargodha, and D.G. Khan regions, respectively. In other regions, rainfall indicates an insignificant effect in the re‐plantation stage. Overall, rainfall indicates significant effects in re‐plantation and tillering stages in the Lahore, Sargodha, and D.G. Khan zones. The outcomes of the research indicate how the regional variability in rainfall and temperature affects Kharif rice yield in Punjab, Pakistan.
Unintended benefits of mandatory dividend regulations on investment efficiency: evidence from China
Authors: Chan Raymond Siu Yeung , Fan Lyu , Song Byron Y. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigate the unintended benefits of mandatory dividend payout regulations for Chinese listed firms seeking refinancing to enhance their investment efficiency, even though the initial intention of these regulations is to protect powerless external minority shareholders. We find that, while these regulations mitigate the overinvestment of all listed firms, this effect is more pronounced among refinancing firms than among non‐refinancing firms. We further find evidence partially showing that the mitigating effect of these regulations on overinvestment is driven mainly by state‐owned enterprises (SOEs). These findings suggest dividend payout regulations are used to partially ameliorate Chinese listed firms’ investment inefficiency, particularly those of SOEs.
As religion and migration intersect: Toward A World of Neighbours
Authors: Rønsdal Kaia S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith migration, national borders are challenged and negotiated. These borders should be conceptualised as new spaces of possibilities, of encounters between groups, peoples, and religions. The borders are precarious spaces, yet they hold the potential of creating something new. With this article, I aim to present the initiative A World of Neighbours (AWoN), and its grassroots‐based practices, and attempt at pointing to and discussing some overarching themes. One central framework is the optic of borderland religion to investigate what appears when religion and migration intersect. I explore how interpretations and expressions of borderland religions may challenge borders, ultimately pointing to possibilities of acts of citizenship.
Safety of outpatient stem cell mobilization with low‐ or intermediate‐dose cyclophosphamide in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Pompa Alessandra , Pettine Loredana , Giannarelli Diana , Paris Laura , Torretta Lorella , Cavallaro Francesca , Levati Giorgia Virginia , Stefanoni Paola , Mocellin Cristina , Galli Monica , Baldini Luca 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesAutologous stem cell transplantation is the gold standard for eligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Patients are usually hospitalized for administration of mobilization chemotherapy. We aimed to assess safety and efficacy of mobilization therapy with low‐dose (2 g/m2) and intermediate‐dose (3‐4 g/m2) cyclophosphamide administered as outpatient.MethodsA total of 176 consecutive newly diagnosed transplant‐eligible myeloma patients receiving outpatient mobilization were retrospectively evaluated. Induction therapy was mainly performed with new drugs (91%).ResultsChemotherapy was very well tolerated with 16.6% of patients having all‐grade adverse events (AEs) and only 1.2% having severe AEs. The most frequently reported AEs were nausea and vomiting grade 1‐2 (6.8%). Only 5.7% of patients required hospitalization for AEs.Stem cell collection was successful in 93.1% of patients, with a median CD34+ harvest of 8.7 × 106/kg. Target for 2 autologous stem cell transplantation (at least 6 CD34+ × 106/kg) was reached by 76.3% of patients. Administration of plerixafor on demand was necessary in 12.1% of patients.ConclusionsOutpatient mobilization with low‐ and intermediate‐dose cyclophosphamide appears an efficient and safe procedure, with minimal and manageable AEs and low rate of hospitalization.
Community nurses’ attitudes, knowledge and educational needs in relation to urinary continence, continence assessment and management: A systematic review
Authors: McCann Margaret , Kelly Anne‐Marie , Eustace‐Cook Jessica , Howlin Claire , Daly Louise 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo identify, appraise and summarise the available evidence relating to community nurses’ attitudes, knowledge and educational needs in relation to urinary continence.BackgroundCommunity nurses play a pivotal role in identifying and supporting individuals who experience urinary continence issues. Gaps in nurses’ continence‐related education and knowledge may contribute to sub‐optimal assessment and management across the continuum of care.DesignA systematic review.MethodsMEDLINE, CINAHL Complete and EMBASE were searched from inception to November 2020; keywords used included community nurses, urinary continence, incontinence, knowledge, attitude and education needs. Given the degree of heterogeneity between included studies, a meta‐analysis was not feasible. Included studies were critically evaluated; key study characteristics and findings pertinent to the review purpose were summarised. The review adhered to the PRISMA 2020 checklist.ResultsFour studies reported in six papers were included. Community nurses lacked knowledge in certain areas of urinary continence and incontinence. Nurses reported they were adequately prepared but without sufficient knowledge to effectively care for those with urinary incontinence. Community nurses’ attitudes to urinary incontinence were generally positive, but they demonstrated misconceptions that urinary incontinence was inevitable and less distressing for older people.ConclusionsThere is limited research exploring community nurses’ knowledge, attitudes and education needs in relation to urinary continence and incontinence care. Community nurses may have knowledge gaps and less favourable attitudes to some aspects of urinary continence care.
Predicting insurance demand from risk attitudes
Authors: Jaspersen Johannes G. , Ragin Marc A. , Sydnor Justin R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCan measured risk attitudes and associated structural models predict insurance demand? In an experiment (n = 1730), we elicit measures of utility curvature, probability weighting, loss aversion, and preference for certainty and use them to parameterize seventeen common structural models (e.g., expected utility, cumulative prospect theory). Subjects also make 12 insurance choices over different loss probabilities and prices. The insurance choices show coherence and some correlation with various risk‐attitude measures. Yet all the structural models predict insurance poorly, often less accurately than random predictions. This is because established structural models predict opposite reactions to probability changes and more sensitivity to prices than people display. Approaches that temper the price responsiveness of structural models show more promise for predicting insurance choices across different conditions.
Supporting Students within an MTSS Framework Using SRSD Fractions: Results of a Regression Discontinuity Design
Authors: Losinski Mickey , Ennis Robin Parks , Shaw Ashley , Gage Nicholas A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractStudents with mathematics difficulties often struggle with conceptual and procedural understanding of fractions. Self‐regulated strategy development (SRSD) is an evidence‐based framework for teaching a variety of academic skills, including mathematics. The purpose of this study was to extend preliminary work usingSRSD Fractionsto support the fraction performance of fourth‐grade students with mathematics difficulties. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, we evaluated the effects of a Tier 2 intervention implemented within a multitiered systems of support framework with 60 participants, 16 of whom participated in the intervention. While students in the treatment group had higher scores on the posttest, the local average treatment effect was not statistically significant, but the overall difference in difference score suggested a large effect (g= 0.81; 95 percent CI 0.18 and 1.43). Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Profiles of liver fibrosis evolution during long‐term tenofovir treatment in HIV‐positive patients coinfected with hepatitis B
Authors: Dezanet Lorenza N. C. , Miailhes Patrick , Lascoux‐Combe Caroline , Chas Julie , Maylin Sarah , Gabassi Audrey , Rougier Hayette , Delaugerre Constance , Lacombe Karine , Boyd Anders 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsData on liver fibrosis evolution and its involvement in liver‐related morbidity are scarce in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co‐infection during treatment. We identified profiles of liver fibrosis evolution in coinfected patients undergoing tenofovir (TDF).MethodsWe included 169 HIV‐HBV‐coinfected patients on TDF‐based antiretroviral therapy. Virological and clinical data were obtained at TDF‐initiation and every 6‐12 months. From data on non‐invasive liver fibrosis assessments collected yearly (FibroTest®), we established clusters of individuals with similar liver fibrosis evolution using group‐based trajectory models.ResultsFour profiles of liver fibrosis evolution were established from a median follow‐up of 7.6 years (IQR = 3.1‐13.1): low fibrosis with no progression (29.6%, profile A), low fibrosis with progression (22.5%, profile B), moderate fibrosis with high fluctuation (39.6%, profile C), and cirrhosis with no regression (8.3%, profile D). When compared to profile A, baseline HBeAg‐positive status was associated with profiles B (P = .007) and C (P = .004), older age with profiles C (P < .001) and D (P = .001), exposure to second‐generation protease inhibitors with profile C (P = .004), and CD4+ <500/mm3 at the last visit with profiles C (P = .02) and D (P = .002). Incident liver‐related events occurred in profiles other than A (B, n = 1/38; C, n = 6/67; D, n = 3/14) and all five cases of hepatocellular carcinoma occurred in profiles C (n = 2) and D (n = 3).ConclusionsTDF‐treated HIV‐HBV coinfected individuals do not seem to benefit from comparable levels of liver fibrosis regression as in HBV mono‐infection. Liver‐related morbidity occurs mainly in those with fluctuating or consistently high fibrosis levels.
Associations between alcohol consumption and hepatic steatosis in the USA
Authors: Niezen Sebastian , Trivedi Hirsh D. , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Jiang Zhenghui G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite being widely recognized as a common cause of fatty liver, the exact impact of alcohol consumption on hepatic steatosis in the general population is elusive. The recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) allowed us to examine this relationship among US adults. Herein, we extracted data on detailed alcohol consumption and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) by FibroScan from 4509 participants in NHANES 2017‐2018. Compared to metabolic risk factors such as diabetes and obesity, the association between alcohol consumption and CAP was less significant. In multivariable analysis, only those drinking 5‐7 times per week showed significant increases in CAP scores. Although both frequency and quantity of drinking were positively associated with CAP score, only frequency remained significant after adjustment for quantity and binge drinking. These epidemiological observations suggested that the impact of alcohol on hepatic steatosis was much smaller than metabolic factors and dependent upon the frequency of drinking.
Financial stress and financial management roles: Trajectories of couples' financial disagreements
Authors: Morgan Preston , Lim HanNa , Washburn‐Busk Michelle 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUsing the family stress model and marital bargaining theory, we aimed to investigate how financial stress and financial management roles are associated with both partners' (men's and women's) initial levels and rates of changes in financial disagreements over time. To test this, we used dyadic latent growth curve analyses obtained from 2158 German heterosexual couples over four waves or a 6‐year time span from the Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics dataset. Financial stress and discrepant or unclear financial management roles were associated with higher initial financial disagreements in both partners. Only discrepant financial management roles were associated with lesser declines in women's financial disagreement trajectories. Additionally, in the context of greater financial stress, discrepant financial roles were associated with ever higher initial financial disagreements in women. Practitioners working with couples in financial distress should consider exploring the couple's level of financial stress as well as specialized and discrepant views on financial role division.
Self‐reported physical activity and lack of association with health‐related quality of life in a pediatric solid‐organ transplant population
Authors: Lui Samantha , Hind Tatsuma , Moon Erin , de Souza Astrid , Broad Katherine , Fairbairn Julie , Schreiber Richard , Armstrong Kathryn , Blydt‐Hansen Tom D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPhysical activity (PA) has been shown to have benefits, including improving health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). However, there are few and conflicting studies assessing PA and its relationship with HRQOL in a pediatric solid‐organ transplant (SOT) population. The aim of this study was to assess whether overall HRQOL was associated with PA and to determine whether that association was independent of other baseline and contemporaneous clinical and demographic indicators.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional review was performed on 55 pediatric transplant patients (13 heart, 27 kidney, and 15 liver transplant). PA was measured by PAQ‐C/PAQ‐A, and HRQOL was measured using PedsQL. Demographics, baseline, and contemporaneous data were collected.ResultsThere were no significant differences in baseline and contemporaneous characteristics between heart, kidney, and liver transplant recipients. SOT recipients were 15.0 (11.0–18.0) years old at completion of surveys. Median PAQ score was 2.3 (1.6–3.2), PedsQL total score was 77 (65–91), and PedsQL physical functioning score was 88 (72–97). The PedsQL total score was not significantly associated with PAQ score. The PAQ score was significantly associated with physical functioning subscore of the PedsQL (r = 0.37, p < 0.01). Higher physical functioning score was associated with time since transplant (r = 0.29, p = 0.031).ConclusionOur SOT cohort has a HRQOL similar to other chronic conditions and higher than previous reported HRQOL in pediatric SOT populations. Higher levels of PA and longer time since transplant are associated with higher physical functioning scores.
Lacking, needing, and wanting
Authors: Hunter David 
Published: July 2021

AbstractI offer a novel conception of the nature of wanting. According to it, wanting is lacking something one needs. Lacking is not a normative notion but needing is, and that is how goodness figures in to wanting. What a thing needs derives from what it is to be a good thing of its kind. In people, wanting is connected to both knowledge and the will. A person can know that she wants something and can act on that knowledge. When she does, she is acting in light of that want and her want is a reason why she acted. There is a close connection between wanting and our wills, not just because we can sometimes choose how to get what we need, but because our choices can determine what we want. We can't simply choose to want something, but in deciding how to live our lives, who to be, and what to pursue, we are free to settle what we want, at least within limits. These connections to knowledge and the will make human wanting rich and morally relevant, but they don't transform human wanting into something special. Wanting is everywhere just a matter of lacking something one needs.
Beauty as risk for Karen girls: Expulsion and early marriage at an upland Thai school
Authors: O’Meara Dayne 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFemale adolescent sexuality is highly policed at upland Thai schools, particularly for students who teachers identify as ‘beautiful’. While Northern Thai cultural ideals of masculinity glorify the ‘wandering’ of male youth, girls are told that it is especially important that they postpone sexual activity until after completion of their schooling. For Karen students, this ideal may clash with personal and family decision making in a cultural context where early marriage has historically been relatively common. Using a case study of expulsion following suspected student sexual activity, this article argues that rather than teachers approaching certain students as at risk of early departure from schooling, their personhood comes to be seen as a risk to the disruption of other students’ progress and to the moral community of the school.
Picrite-basalt complex in the Baoshan-Gongshan Block of northern Sibumasu: Onset of a mantle plume before breakup of Gondwana and opening of the Neo-Tethys Ocean
Authors: Su Li , Song Shuguang , Wang Chao , Allen Mark B. , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mantle plumes are thought to play key roles in Earth's geodynamics, including mantle convection, continental formation, and plate tectonics. The connection between plume activity and continental dispersion, as exemplified by the breakup of Gondwana and the generation of the Neo-Tethys Ocean, is a key question for the geosciences. Here, we present detailed investigations for the picrite-basalt sequence in the Baoshan-Gongshan Block of the northern Sibumasu terrane, southwest China. Field relations and petrological and geochemical data reveal that these volcanic rocks are continental flood picrites and basalts, consistent with a mantle plume origin. The estimated mantle potential temperatures range from 1527 ± 86 °C to 1546 ± 98 °C, and melting depths vary from the spinel to garnet stability fields (1.1–5.3 GPa), similar to Cenozoic Hawaiian picrites. Zircon geochronological data show that the mantle plume activity started at ca. 335 Ma and lasted to 280 Ma; this range is earlier than the breakup of the Gondwana continent and opening of the Neo-Tethys Ocean (270–260 Ma). We conclude that the long-lived mantle plume impacted the continental lithosphere but it did not drive continental breakup and the opening of Neo-Tethys Ocean, which took place because of the subduction-induced stress generated by initial subduction of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.
South African speleothems reveal influence of high- and low-latitude forcing over the past 113.5 k.y.
Authors: Chase Brian , Harris Chris , de Wit Maarten J. , Kramers Jan , Doel Sean , Stankiewicz Jacek 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Variation in δ18O and δ13C values in a speleothem from the Cango Caves in southernmost South Africa enable the construction of coherent regional composite records spanning the past 113,500 yr. Novel for the region in terms of both their length and detail, these records indicate environmental and climatic changes that both are consistent with records from the wider region and show a clear evolution from low- to high-latitude forcing dominance across the last glacial period. Prior to ca. 70 ka, the influence of direct low-latitude insolation forcing is expressed through increases in summer rainfall during austral summer insolation maxima. With the onset of Marine Isotope Stage 4, cooler global conditions and the development of high-latitude ice sheets appear to have supplanted direct insolation forcing as the dominant driver pacing patterns of environmental change, with records from the Southern and Northern Hemisphere tropics exhibiting a positive relationship until after the Last Glacial Maximum. These results highlight the complexity of South African climate change dynamics as a response to changing global boundary conditions and provide a critical reference for regional and global comparisons.