bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed Tomography in Emergency Diagnosis and Management Considerations of Small Bowel Obstruction for Surgical vs. Non-surgical Approach
Authors: Taghavifar Saeed , Joyce Peter , Salehi Sana , Khosa Faisal , Shin Heeseop , Gholamrezanezhad Ali , Shah Samad 
Published: June 2021

Background:Small bowel obstruction (SBO) accounts for 15% of abdominal pain complaints referred to emergency departments and imposes significant financial burdens on the healthcare system. The most common symptom and sign of SBO is the absence of stool or flatus passsage and abdominal distension, respectively. Patients who do not demonstrate severe clinical or imaging findings are typically treated with conservative approaches. Patients with clinical signs of sepsis or physical findings of peritonitis are often instantly transferred to the operating room without supplementary imaging assessment. However, in cases where symptoms are non-specific or physical examination is challenging, such as in cases with loss of consciousness, the diagnosis can be complicated. This paper discusses the key findings identifiable on Computed Tomography (CT) which are vital for the emergent triage, proper treatment and appropriate decision making in patients with suspected SBO.Method:Narrative review of the literature.Results:CT plays a key role in emergent triage, proper treatment and decision making and provides high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the detection of early-stage obstruction and acute intestinal vascular compromise. CT can also differentiate between various etiologies of SBO entity which is considered an important criterion in the triage of patients into surgical vs. non-surgical treatment.Conclusion:There Key CT findings which may suggest a need for surgical treatment include mesenteric edema, lack of the small-bowel feces, bowel wall thickening, fat stranding in the mesentery, and intraperitoneal fluid which are predictive of urgent surgical exploration.
Menstrual Disorders Related to Eating Disorders
Authors: Milano Walter , Ambrosio Paola , Carizzone Francesca , De Biasio Valeria , Foia Maria Gabriella , Saetta Biancamaria , Milano Maria Francesca , Capasso Anna 
Published: June 2021

:
Eating Disorders (ED) are associated with multiple physical complications that strongly affect the
physical health of these young and fragile patients and can also cause significant mortality, the highest among
psychiatric pathologies. Among the various organic complications, albeit still little known, the gynecological
implications, up to infertility, are very widespread. Both among adolescent and adult patients, gynecological
symptoms can be very widespread and range from menstrual irregularities to amenorrhea, from vaginitis to
ovarian polycystosis, up to complications during the gestational phase and in postpartum, in addition to the possible
consequences on the unborn child. Among the most frequent and significant gynecological disorders in
women with ED, there are menstrual irregularities that may occur with oligomenorrhea or even amenorrhea.
This symptom, although no longer part of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for defining Anorexia Nervosa (AN),
must be considered a very relevant event in the overall evaluation of young women and adolescents with eating
disorders. Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea in ED patients is related to psychological distress, excessive
exercise, disordered eating, or a combination of these factors which results in suppression of the hypothalamic-
pituitary-ovarian axis, resulting in hypoestrogenism. The objective of this paper is to summarize the causes
and the mechanism underlying the menstrual disorders and to provide a better understanding of the correlation
between the reproductive system and the mechanisms that regulate food intake and eating habits. In addition,
early recognition of risk factors for eating disorders for gynecological implications can help put more accurate
assessments of patients to prevent potentially fatal complications. The importance of the involvement of specialist
gynecologists in the multidisciplinary team that has to follow patients with eating disorders is also discussed.
Perhitungan Kekuatan Rangka Dispenser-Lifter
Authors: Artanto Aditya Widhi , Darmo Suryo 
Published: June 2021

Pekerjaan mengangkat beban yang dilakukan manusia membutuhkan energi. Kebutuhan energi cukup besar untuk pekerjaan yang berat. Salah satu pekerjaan mengangkat yang sering dilakukan adalah mengangkat galon air minum ke atas dispenser yang posisinya tinggi. Pengangkatan air minum dalam kemasan galon ke dispenser tidak mudah dilakukan setiap orang. Karena hal tersebut, studi ini membuat meja dispenser yang bisa di geser naik turun dengan bantuan alat pengangkat berupa gear reducer, kawat sling dan penggulung. Meja dispenser diturunkan pada posisi terbawah pada saat memasang galon, sehingga dapat dilakukan dengan ringan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menghitung kekuatan dispenser-lifter, yang dilakukan pada bagian (titik) yang kritis. Desain disesuaikan untuk tingkat keamanan yang tinggi. Berdasarkan pengukuran dan kalkulasi kekuatan, didapatkan bahwa tegangan kombinasi sambungan las pada tiang penyangga sebesar 48,1 N/mm2 dan pada titik kritis meja sebesar 18,42 N/mm2. Tegangan ijin setiap sambungan las adalah 88 N/mm2, sehingga alat aman untuk digunakan.
Entrevista al Dr. Raúl Contreras Bustamante
Authors: Flores Trejo Fernando Guadalupe , Uscanga Barradas Abril 
Published: June 2021

Raúl Contreras Bustamante, Licenciado y Doctor en Derecho por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, actualmente Doctor en Derecho por la Universidad de Salamanca, España. Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (Nivel I); Investigador Honorario en El Colegio de Veracruz; Notario 29 de la decimoprimera demarcación del Estado de Veracruz (con licencia). Recipiendario de las Cátedras Extraordinarias “Raúl Cervantes Ahumada” y “Fernando Ojesto Martínez”, por la UNAM.; miembro fundador del Claustro de Doctores de la Facultad de Derecho de la UNAM; reconocido por la Asamblea Legislativa del Distrito Federal con la Medalla al Mérito Docente “Jaime Torres Bodet 2018”; recibió un premio por el Instituto Cultural México - Israel 2019, por su brillante trayectoria en diversos ámbitos como son: Las Ciencias, La Pedagogía, La Literatura, El periodismo, Las Artes y Comunicaciones. Recientemente, reconocido por el Congreso de la Ciudad de México con la Medalla al Mérito Docente 2019 “Prof. José Santos Valdés”. Profesor de Tiempo completo en la Facultad de Derecho de la UNAM, con más de 30 años de trayectoria impartiendo asignaturas de Teoría de la Constitución, Derecho Constitucional, Derecho Notarial y Registral, Poder Legislativo, Relaciones Interinstitucionales, Regímenes Constitucionales Comparados y Federalismo, así como, ha fungido como tutor principal y sinodal en más de sesenta exámenes de grado tanto de licenciatura, especialidad, maestría y doctorado. Colaborador Editorial permanente como columnista semanal en el periódico Excélsior y así como también ha sido columnista en diversas revistas de divulgación como Líder, Compromiso, Macroeconomía y El mundo del Abogado.
Fotografia e trabalho escravo: relatos e desafios contemporâneos no Pará
Authors: Cabral Geovanni Gomes 
Published: June 2021

Este artigo busca tecer uma análise com as fotografias de João Laert, registradas em um resgate de trabalho escravo no estado do Pará. São imagens que retratam formas degradantes, de exploração e de violação aos Direitos Humanos. Presente em vários locais do mundo, o trabalho escravo releva a face sombria da violação à dignidade humana, homens sujeitos a trabalhos forçados em diversas frentes de atuação. Vários são os casos de denúncias, investigações, fugas e mortes. Na região Norte do país, o estado do Pará apresenta o maior número de ocorrências e de denúncias desse tipo de trabalho forçado, chegando inclusive a ficar acima dos outros estados, conforme dados do Caderno da Comissão Pastoral da Terra (2017). Portanto as fotografias documentais nos permitem dialogar com essa memória, com um passado/presente desafiador e ao mesmo tempo urgente, no tocante à justiça trabalhista e aos direitos de homens e mulheres.
Cuerpo marginal desde los paratextos literarios de la obra de Con pasión absoluta de Carol Zardetto
Authors: Zúñiga-Hernández Laura 
Published: June 2021

La conformación de un discurso literario va más allá de la narrativa o versificación, en esta se abre una serie de posibilidades a partir de los recursos estilísticos utilizados para enriquecer cada palabra. Así, en las obras, la presencia de paratextos establece una relación entre ellos, su contexto, contenido y encontrar nuevas ideas e interpretaciones.
Por tal motivo, el siguiente análisis aborda los paratextos de la obra Con pasión absoluta de Carol Zardetto para establecer una conexión metafórica desde los cuerpos marginales como una temática en los textos centroamericanos recientes y que trazan líneas de estudio alternativas a las ya establecidas.
Identifying Listening Problems and the Need for Technology Assisted Language Learning (TALL) to Improve Listening Skills among Diploma Students
Authors: Mohd Salleh Salwani , May Lai See , Azmi Azzieatul Syazwanie , Mohd Hatta Siti Anisah , Razali Norlida , Mohd Zawawi Mohd Zafian 
Published: June 2021

Listening is one of the major skills in English language acquisition. However, mastering listening in acquiring the language can be challenging. Failure to listen well may cause misunderstanding and unnecessary conflicts. Realizing the importance of listening and how difficult it is, the paper focuses on listening issues experienced by 210 Part 1, Diploma students of UiTM Kelantan Branch. The objectives are to identify the perceived level of listening proficiency among students, ascertain listening problems faced by them and determine students’ need for Technology Assisted Language Learning (TALL) to enhance listening skills. Thus, a survey on listening problems and the need for TALL was conducted. 150 students responded and the majority identified physical setting as the main listening problem thus, leading to a conclusive need for technology to help improve their listening ability. Based on the findings, a technological language tool in the form of multimedia application is innovated to fulfil the students’ needs. The application is designed to be easily accessible, user-interactive, user-friendly and affordable. The features are customized to be as ‘friendly’ as possible of which they include local and Malaysian-based contents, familiar accents and slangs as well as relevant vocabulary, listening practices and quizzes.
Learning Fundamental Academic English via MOOC
Authors: Ahmad Buhari Turisiana , Ab Rahman Doreen Azlina , Mohd Aris Nurbaya , Sulaiman Shairah Hana 
Published: June 2021

Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) has since its launch provided a diverse choice of learning courses and modules. Openlearning.com claims to have over 4000 MOOCs from around the world, making it an indispensable place to gain knowledge other than the traditional classroom or formal education. This growing number of MOOCs means that the mass has the interest to learn various subjects the virtual way at their own pace and comfort. Despite this increasing number, there are also concerns that not all subjects and skills can be delivered and taught online. Like many language subjects, Academic English is a challenging course to teach and learn. This is due to the specific skills involved in which requires constant guidance on how to deliver best. Hence, Fundamental Academic English course was created to provide knowledge and skills to teach Academic English concisely, virtually, and effectively, adhering to MOOC requirements. This course is unique as its modules are organized to firstly go over basic skills required in Academic English, then introduce the relevant tasks in Academic English, and lastly present steps and tips in ensuring effective verbal and written Academic English performance. The presentation of the course encourages a smooth transition from understanding and applying basic skills to transferring these skills into Academic English reading, writing, and speaking. It is hoped that the ten (10) specifically crafted modules help learners to grasp Academic English faster and more effectively. Fundamental Academic English has the potential to serve as an essential blended learning material at pre-university and university level and provide necessary English language skills for university students to perform academically.
Gender Issues: The Effects of Differences in Interaction Styles between Genders and Roles on Workplace Communication
Authors: Syed Iskandar Sharifah Nadhira , A. Rahim Aisyah Munirah , Mohd Yussoff Aina Nor Syakila , Abu Bakar Fatin Hanini 
Published: June 2021

Issues related to gender in the workplace are quite a common and debatable issue in Malaysia considering that male employees dominate the working world in general. Gender issues at the workplace has become a problem in the workforce which in return brings negative impacts on the organisations involved as well as the victims themselves without regarding the gender. Given this situation, this study aims to explore the differences in the interaction styles between gender and gender roles in which we would look into how they affect the workplace communication. In addition, workplace has been a war field for female against gender issues. The questionnaires were distributed to the respondents with a working experience regardless of their employment status. A total of 33 questionnaires were completed by the respondents. This quantitative study used descriptive analysis approach in analysing the frequency which was presented in percentage. According to the results obtained it was revealed that most of our respondents agreed with our statements which aligned with our previous researches. Future researches should be conducted in order for these aspects in the issues to be included and discussed holistically.
The Influence of Integrative Motivation in Learning Malay Language Vocabulary among Foreign Speakers at UNITEN
Authors: Mohd Amin Noraziah , Abdul Rahman Noor Azam 
Published: June 2021

Ellis (1994) divides motivation into four types, namely instrumental motivation, integrative motivation, resultative motivation and intrinsic motivation. This study discusses the effects of integrative motivation on foreign speakers while studying Malay Language vocabulary. The main objective of the study was to identify the influence of integrative motivation on male and female students while studying Malay Language vocabulary in Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN). This study was conducted in order to seek the answer to the question of whether there was a significant difference in the influence of integrative motivation between male and female students. A questionnaire containing 10 items in the form of self-reporting statements concerning integrative motivation was used as an instrument of the study. The data from the questionnaires administered were analysed using SPSS software version 23 for descriptive data and inferences such as mean scores and percentages, and the results of the ANOVA test was analysed too. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the influence of integrative motivation between male and female students while studying Malay Language vocabulary, where the significant value was less than 0.05 (p <0.05). The findings showed that the majority of the male students were influenced by integrative motivation while studying Malay Language vocabulary in UNITEN compared to the female students.
Introducción al Dossier: La historia rural europea reciente
Authors: Luna Pablo 
Published: June 2021

El dossier que estamos presentando en este número de la revista tiene como finalidad la de brindar un amplio panorama de la evolución reciente de la historiografía rural europea. La idea original ha sido la de presentar, especialmente de cara a los jóvenes investigadores de nuestro continente latinoamericano, como estímulo para sus futuros trabajos y análisis (o incluso tesis), un inventario historiográfico, lo más completo posible, de los nuevos objetos y temáticas examinados por los historiadores europeos en este campo del saber, en el seno de nuestra disciplina histórica. Para ello, se ha solicitado a los más connotados especialistas de cada sector de estudios, quienes han aceptado de muy buena gana ceñirse al objetivo fijado por los editores. Por ello, les quedamos muy agradecidos
Niveles de vida, revolución por objetos y revolución industriosa en la Europa moderna: verdades y fantasmas. Meaux y su campiña (Región de Brie), siglos XVII y XVIII
Authors: Béaur Gérard 
Published: June 2021

Gracias a un conjunto documental de inventarios post mortem (que cubre dos siglos) de la región de Meaux (en Brie, al este de París), este artículo plantea de forma crítica dos conceptos muy en boga actualmente en los trabajos sobre la historia del consumo al final de la Edad Moderna. Se trata, en primer lugar, de la “revolución del consumo”, y, en segundo lugar, de la “revolución industriosa” (brillantemente defendida por Jan De Vries), y de su articulación recíproca, o sea, del hecho de que la “revolución industriosa”, que se habría producido desde el siglo XVII en Holanda, sería la matriz de la “revolución del consumo”. El trabajo estadístico que se hace permite efectivamente constatar una vez más la validez de la hipótesis relativa a la revolución del consumo, estableciendo un calendario temporal y un ritmo determinado, pero también su ámbito y sus limitaciones sociales, tanto para una pequeña ciudad como para el medio rural circundante. En cambio, se pone en duda la validez de la hipótesis de una revolución industriosa, así como la naturaleza excepcional del caso holandés, tal como las defiende De Vries. A partir de sus resultados, este artículo pone de relieve sobre todo la coyuntura económica y la ampliación de la oferta como mejores explicaciones de la nueva actitud de los pobladores de querer trabajar más para poder consumir más.
KONSEP IQRA’ PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Hikmaturrahmah Hikmaturrahmah 
Published: June 2021

The command to iqra in Qur'an as the first revelation is a concept of command to read. In this context, the word iqra (read) means an activity to get to know, comprehend, analyze, observe, and learn all things in life. It could also be specifically interpreted as reading books. The book here is not limited to Qur'an, but each and every beneficial thing. Children are blank slates of human that must be introduced to books and reading. However, it is obvious that there is a difference in teaching reading to early childhood and to adults. Reading is an enjoyment for children, full of pictures and colors, laughter and happiness. The essence of children is to be engaged in new things. So, reading is a way to introduce numerous new things to early childhood.
Fatores de risco associados a ocorrência de tracoma em comunidade assistida pelo programa "Um estudante uma família" da Universidade Lúrio, Moçambique
Authors: Mazalo João Viriato 
Published: June 2021

O tracoma é a principal causa infecciosa de cegueira a nível global. Apesar dos esforços empreendidos para reduzir os casos de cegueira evitável por tracoma, ainda existem regiões mais pobres do mundo com problemas de acesso a saneamento básico, o que dificulta a eliminação sustentável do tracoma. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar precocemente os fatores de risco associados a ocorrência do tracoma na comunidade de Muatala. Realizou-se um estudo observacional descritivo transversal, prospectivo com abordagem quantitativa, em 108 residentes do bairro de Muatala, Nampula – Moçambique, no período entre maio a abril de 2018. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário. Dos fatores de risco que contribuem para a ocorrência de tracoma, constatou-se que 47% das famílias utilizam água do poço para higienizar o rosto, sem nenhum tratamento. Quanto a forma de utilização de toalha para higienizar o rosto, observou-se existência de partilha coletiva (25%) e a divisão de tolha por idade (8%). Em relação a frequência de lavagem do rosto, notou-se que 29% só faz a lavagem do rosto durante o banho. No que concerne ao saneamento do local onde as crianças brincam, constatou-se que 8% brinca próximo das lixeiras e águas paradas, respectivamente, locais repletos de agentes infeciosos. Assim, conclui-se que a comunidade de Muatala está exposta a fatores de risco que incluem, utilização de água não potável para a higienização do rosto, uso de tolhas de forma coletiva e condições de saneamento inadequada, o que pode ocasionar a ocorrência de doenças infeciosas, incluindo o tracoma.
Palavras-chave: Fatores de risco. Higiene. Saneamento. Tracoma.
Recent findings on perinatal mesenchymal stem cells – their possible application in current advanced medicine
Authors: Sibiak Rafał , Stefańska Katarzyna , Ratajczak Kornel , Bukowska Dorota , Antosik Paweł , Mozdziak Paul , Jeseta Michal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The mature human placenta and umbilical cord are rich sources of perinatal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Both cell populations have similar characteristics and cellular properties. Each population can differentiate into multiple mesenchymal subpopulations and retain their self-renewal capacities. Perinatal stem cells can be isolated from tissues obtained from the planned cesarean sections and vaginal deliveries. Their isolation is relatively easy, making them readily available for implementation in various in vitro studies and clinical trials. Their differentiation abilities could be used in advanced regenerative medicine protocols to form new bone, cartilage, or tendons. Moreover, their unique anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties have been implemented in the experimental treatment of multiple autoimmune and degenerative diseases. Numerous phase I/II clinical trials confirmed the safety of perinatal MSCs injections and infusions, albeit the efficacy of those cellular therapies should be investigated in the subsequent large-scale randomized trials.

Running title: Clinical applications of the perinatal mesenchymal stem cells
The challenges of treating a patient with recurrent congenital toxoplasmic chorioretinitis
Authors: Krasińska Aleksandra , Jaz Kamila , Mamczur Joanna , Kocięcki Jarosław 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Congenital toxoplasmosis is a rare, non-curable parasite infection, that affects approximately 242 children in Europe each year. Poland has one of the highest rates of congenital toxoplasmosis in Europe. Transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to the fetus results in numerous medical conditions, such as developmental delay, intellectual disabilities, seizures, hearing loss, and blindness. Chorioretinitis is a serious manifestation of congenital toxoplasmosis that can recur even after 25 years from the primary infection, which poses a significant therapeutic challenge. A 41-year-old female reported to the Ophthalmology Emergency Room due to blurred vision and pain in the right eye, accompanied by a constant headache. The patient suffered from congenital toxoplasmosis with two relapses in the past. On examination, the best-corrected visual acuity was 1,0 in both eyes, and the intraocular pressure was significantly increased. Slit-lamp examination showed vitritis and an active retinochoroidal lesion in the right eye. In the left eye, there was a retinochoroidal scar. A relapse of toxoplasmosis was suspected. Serology for Toxoplasma gondii was positive. Pyrimethamine with sulfadiazine, clindamycin, topical corticosteroids, and intraocular pressure-lowering drugs were implemented. During the treatment, the patient developed corticonuclear cataract in both eyes and reported psychotic symptoms. Clinical condition improved after the treatment with corticosteroids at a lower dose. Treatment of ocular manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis is challenging. The clinical benefit of treatment should be weighed against side effects for each patient.

Running title: Congenital toxoplasmosis treatment