bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-specific virtual reality technology for complex neurosurgical cases: illustrative cases
Authors: Anthony Diana , Louis Robert G. , Shekhtman Yevgenia , Steineke Thomas , Frempong-Boadu Anthony , Steinberg Gary K. 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
Virtual reality (VR) offers an interactive environment for visualizing the intimate three-dimensional (3D) relationship between a patient’s pathology and surrounding anatomy. The authors present a model for using personalized VR technology, applied across the neurosurgical treatment continuum from the initial consultation to preoperative surgical planning, then to intraoperative navigation, and finally to postoperative visits, for various tumor and vascular pathologies.

OBSERVATIONS
Five adult patients undergoing procedures for spinal cord cavernoma, clinoidal meningioma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, giant aneurysm, and arteriovenous malformation were included. For each case, 360-degree VR (360°VR) environments developed using Surgical Theater were used for patient consultation, preoperative planning, and/or intraoperative 3D navigation. The custom 360°VR model was rendered from the patient’s preoperative imaging. For two cases, the plan changed after reviewing the patient’s 360°VR model from one based on conventional Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine imaging.

LESSONS
Live 360° visualization with Surgical Theater in conjunction with surgical navigation helped validate the decisions made intraoperatively. The 360°VR models provided visualization to better understand the lesion’s 3D anatomy, as well as to plan and execute the safest patient-specific approach, rather than a less detailed, more standardized one. In all cases, preoperative planning using the patient’s 360°VR model had a significant impact on the surgical approach.
Ultrasound-assisted neuroendoscopic lavage for intraventricular hemorrhage in a newborn: illustrative case
Authors: Sartori Luca , Furlanis Giulia Melinda , Caliri Samuel Luciano , Garbin Elisa , Baro Valentina , Denaro Luca 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
The optimal treatment for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in newborns has not been established yet. Moreover, despite many valid therapeutic alternatives, unfavorable neurodevelopmental outcomes are frequent. According to recent literature, these discouraging results could be related to secondary inflammatory damage of the white matter due to the gradual dissolution of the intraventricular hematoma, which should be removed.

OBSERVATIONS
Neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL) has proven to be a safe and reliable procedure, able to adequately remove the intraventricular clots and the products of blood degradation. To increase surgical control of the entire ventricular system, the authors illustrated a case in which they associated real-time transfontanellar ultrasound monitoring with NEL.

LESSONS
Coupling these two techniques, the authors performed a rapid ventricular wash and obtained intraoperative confirmation of complete and accurate clot removal.
PENTINGNYA DAN KEWAJIBAN EKONOMI SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Garamatan M Zaaf Fadzlan Rabbani , Ayuniyyah Qurroh 
Published: June 2021

<p>Hadirnya syariah sebagai aturan Allah SWT kepada manusia juga sesungguhnya akan menjamin banyak hal dalam kehidupan manusia. Yaitu, menjamin keselamatan keyakinan agama, keselamatan jiwa, keselamatan akal, keselamatan keluarga, dan terakhir keselamatan harta benda. Sehingga tak dapat dihindari, ini seharusnya menjadi bagian dari iman seorang Muslim. Bukankah bagi seorang Muslim, ketika ia mengimani adanya Allah SWT, maka konsekunsinya ia juga harus mengimani aturan syariat yang sudah ditetapkan-Nya. Dalam perjalananya, ketika sistem ekonomi syariah ditegakkan, termasuk di Indonesia, memang seringkali “terbentur” dengan perkembangan kebutuhan manusia modern yang bisa jadi belum terjadi pada saat zaman Nabi SAW sekalipun. Sehingga, dalam praktiknya, ekonomi syariah pun harus mengakomodir praktik ekonomi tersebut, tanpa harus melakukan pelanggaran prinsip secara syariah. Sehingga yang menarik, sistem ekonomi syariah bisa dapat mudah menyesuaikan asal tetap para prinsip istinbat sebuah hokum, dengan berpegang pada prinsip ijma’, ijtihad, dan qiyas. Metode istinbat hukum ini berupa kesepakatan ulama yang tetap mengacu pada Al-Qur’an dan Hadits untuk memecahkan kejadian ekonomi yang muncul di tengah masyarakat. Dalam analisa penulis, ekonomi syariah menjadi penting diterapkan di Indonesia, karena ekonomi syariah menjamin keberlangsung tatanan ekonomi masyarakat tanpa adanya monopoli atau penguasaan harta benda pada satu orang. Terhindarnya masyarakat dari kemiskinan. Dan, ekonomi syariah mengatur kerjasama ekonomi antar manusia dengan saling menguntungkan.</p>
Prevalence and Transmission of Fusarium moniliforme: A Seed Borne Pathogen of Rice
Authors: Hossain MS , Ali MA , Khan MAI , Maniruzzaman S 
Published: June 2021

Fusarium moniliforme is one of the major seed borne pathogen of rice in Bangladesh that causes significant yield loss. To observe the incidence and transmission of this pathogen, farmers saved seeds and seeds from BADC were collected and the pathogens were detected by blotter method. The prevalence of the F. moniliforme varied according to locations and seasons. The highest 18% of seed infection was recorded in Boro seeds of Netrakona district and the lowest 2% was in Gazipur district. The Embryonal end of the seed is the most preferable site of the infection. F. moniliofrme successfully transmitted from seed to seedling and the transmission is high when pre- sprouted seed sown on the puddled seed bed. The study recommended that before planting season, seeds should be tested and treated when necessary to minimize spread of the pathogen.
Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (1): 11-19, 2020
Genetic Divergence of Rice Genotypes Revealed by Bacterial Blight Disease and Morphological Traits
Authors: Nihad SAI , Ara A , Rashid MM , Hasan MAI , Khan MAI , Latif MA 
Published: June 2021

Bacterial blight is a perilous impediment for rice production. Resistant variety is a sustainable approach to fend off the loss of rice due to bacterial blight disease. In this study, 94 genotypes were screened against bacterial blight disease and its morphological diversity was assessed to find out the resistant donor with desirable morphological characters. Bacterial blight pathogen was inoculated following leaf clipping method for disease scoring. Out of 94 genotypes, 12 showed a resistant reaction, 13 showed moderately resistant reaction and 69 genotypes showed a susceptible reaction. Positive correlation was recorded between yield and most of the morphological characters. Yield hill─1 was significantly correlated with the number of tiller hill─1 (0.503**), number of effective tiller hill─1 (0.538**), total number of spikelets panicle─1 (0.595**), number of filled grain panicle─1 (0.595**), number of unfilled spikelet panicle─1 (0.239*) and 1000 grain weight hill─1 (0.843**). Eleven quantitative characters grouped 94 rice genotypes in 16 clusters at coefficient 3.38 and it indicated the presence of great amount diversity among the genotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) supported the cluster analysis and the first four principal components explained around 70.99% of total divergence for all morphological characters. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) demonstrated that the genotypes BR8862-29-1-5-1-3, SVIN301, SVIN321, BR9207-45-2-2, SVIN018, lRBB5, SVIN038, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 were placed in distant position from the centroid and it indicated that they were more diverse than the genotypes near the centroid. However, based on disease reaction and genetic diversity analysis crossing could be made between, resistant genotypes such as SVIN317, SVIN017, SVIN316, SVIN313, SVIN315, SVIN314, SVIN038, SVIN307, SVIN302, SVIN304 with the susceptible variety more specifically with BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29, BRRI dhan50, BRRI dhan58, BRRI dhan63, BRRI dhan74, BRRI dhan81 and BRRI dhan84 to develop bacterial blight resistant variety.
Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (1): 73-84, 2020
“FOOD EXPEDITIONS” AND “AVOSKA”: CONSUMER PASSIONS OF “HOMO SOVIETICUS” IN THE MODERN PROSE
Authors: Danylenko Liudmyla 
Published: June 2021

Contemporary Ukrainian prose has been actively appealing to the memory of the Soviet past recently. Especially interesting is the literary reconstruction of everyday life that creates a background for demonstrating a specific type of ‘homo sovieticus’. A discussion on this large-scale and promising process has already started within literary studies. The paper deals with O. Ilchenko’s “Fog Pickers” and S. Baturyn’s “Shyzgara”, which represent the everyday life of Kyiv in the Soviet era. The focus is on the literary treatment of consumerism as a feature of a unified model representing the Soviet man. The researcher explains the ideas of debunking the myths about happy life in the USSR, analyzes the ways of creating the panoramic view of everyday life, traces the consistency of the authors’ interpretations that shows how accurately the experiences are depicted. The gastronomic routes of Kyiv residents, the methods of obtaining the foodstuffs, the social relationships established during purchases presented in the literary works are worth special attention. The writers are definitely critical regarding everyday living conditions in the recent past. They put characteristic features of the Soviet everyday life at the center of events, namely the lines in the stores of all kinds and their primitive range of products. Some Soviet euphemisms related to the food theme have been explained in the paper as well. The researcher comes to the conclusion that reconstruction of the everyday life of a Soviet man in the works by O. Ilchenko and S. Baturyn reveals the despicable nature and danger of the totalitarian system, shows the groundlessness of the nostalgic gasps for the Soviet Union. The literary representation of life in the USSR prompts one to reflect on the true values and uphold human dignity in a free state.
Water Level Regulation for Eco-social Services Under Climate Change in Erhai Lake Over the Past 68 years in China
Authors: Wen Zihao , Ma Yiwei , Wang Hao , Cao Yu , Yuan Changbo , Ren Wenjing , Ni Leyi , Cai Qinghua , Xiao Wen , Fu Hui , Cao Te , Zhang Xiaolin 
Published: June 2021

Water level plays a crucial role in the function and social services of lakes. Studies on historical changes in water level and its eco-social function can give insights into future water conservation and management. In this study, interannual and seasonal changes in the water level of Erhai Lake were analyzed from 1952 to 2019 to explore water level responses to human activities and climate change. The time series was divided into three distinct periods, i.e., 1952–1971, 1972–2003, and 2004–2019. Results showed that the water level and fluctuation amplitude differed among the different time periods, i.e., 1965.8 and 1.3 m (1952–1971), 1964.4 and 1.9 m (1972–2003), and 1965.2 and 1.2 m (1972–2003), respectively. The construction and operation of a hydroelectric power plant along the outlet river significantly decreased the water level and increased fluctuation amplitude in the 1972–2003 period. Since 2004, due to the implementation of local government water level management laws for Erhai Lake, the water level has remained relatively high, with moderate fluctuation amplitude. In addition, compared to the increase in water level amplitude in response to increased wet season (May–October) precipitation in the 1952–1971 period, response sensitivity increased in the 1972–2003 period, but became non-significant in the 2004–2019 period. In regard to the multi-timescale relationship between water level and precipitation, precipitation decreased by 89 mm in the 2004–2019 period compared with that from 1952 to 1971, and artificial water-level regulation resulted in a time-lag of 2, 3–3.5, and 4 months between water level and precipitation during the 1952–1971, 1972–2003, and 2004–2019 periods, respectively. The eco-social aspects of changes in water level are discussed below, and water level regulation from an ecological perspective is recommended to gain economic returns in the future.
Expression and Diagnostic Value of miR-497 and miR-1246 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Shuying , Fu Zile , Wen Shuzhan , Yang Xiaoyi , Yu Chengxuan , Zhou Wenhan , Lin Yong , Lv Yuan 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveSerum microRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as biomarkers in various cancers. Our study aims to explore the roles of miR-497 and miR-1246 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsThe expression levels of miR-497 and miR-1246 were measured by RT-PCR. A correlation analysis was conducted between the expression levels of miR-497 and miR-1246 and clinicopathological characteristics of patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy in HCC. In addition, bioinformatics tools were also utilized to predict the potential targets of miR-497 and miR-1246.ResultsThe expression level of miR-497 in HCC was significantly down-regulated compared with the control group while the miR-1246 revealed a significantly higher expression level in HCC. There was a significant correlation demonstrated between the expression levels of miR-497 and miR-1246 in preoperative serum of HCC and the differentiation degree, Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) classification, and metastasis. The expression levels of serum miR-497 and miR-1246 were significantly associated with the diagnosis, prognosis, and overall survival rate of patients with HCC. Moreover, the potential target genes of miR-497 in HCC include ARL2, UBE2Q1, PHF19, APLN, CHEK1, CASK, SUCO, CCNE1, and KIF23. The low expression of these nine genes is associated with a better prognosis of HCC patients. AUTS2 is a novel target gene of miR-1246, and its low expression is significantly related to the low overall survival rate of HCC patients.ConclusionsmiR-497 and miR-1246 are possibly involved in the progression of HCC by regulating target genes, respectively, and could serve as biomarkers in HCC.
Circulating Cytokines and Coronavirus Disease: A Bi-Directional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Mengyu , Yeung Chris Ho Ching , Schooling C. Mary 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundImmune system functioning is relevant to vulnerability to coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Cytokines are important to immunity. To further elucidate the role of the immune system in COVID-19, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess comprehensively and bi-directionally the role of cytokines in COVID-19.MethodsWe assessed primarily whether genetically different levels of 41 cytokines affected risk of any COVID-19 (laboratory confirmed, physician confirmed or self-reported, 36,590 cases, 1,668,938 controls), and conversely if genetic risk of liability to any COVID-19 affected these cytokines (n≤ 8293) using the most recent genome-wide association studies. We obtained inverse variance weighting (IVW) estimates, conducted sensitivity analyses and used a Benjamini-Hochberg correction to account for multiple comparisons. We also assessed whether any findings were evident for hospitalized COVID-19 (hospitalized laboratory confirmed, 12,888 cases, 1,295,966 controls).ResultsMacrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP1b; more commonly known as Chemokine (C-C motif) ligands 4 (CCL4) was inversely associated with COVID-19 [odds ratio (OR) 0.97 per SD, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96–0.99] but not after adjustment for multiple comparisons. This finding replicated for hospitalized COVID-19 (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.98). Liability to any COVID-19 was nominally associated with several cytokines, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) but not after correction.ConclusionA crucial element of immune response to infection (CCL4) was related to COVID-19, whether it is a target of intervention to prevent COVID-19 warrants further investigation.
Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis of a Genetic Marked Brucella Vaccine A19ΔvirB12 for Cattle
Authors: Yang Jianghua , He Chuanyu , Zhang Huan , Liu Mengzhi , Zhao Hailong , Ren Lisong , Wu Dongling , Du Fangyuan , Liu Baoshan , Han Xiaohu , He Sun , Chen Zeliang 
Published: June 2021

Brucella abortus is an important zoonotic pathogen that causes severe economic loss to husbandry and poses a threat to human health. The B. abortus A19 live vaccine has been extensively used to prevent bovine brucellosis in China. However, it is difficult to distinguish the serological response induced by A19 from that induced by natural infection. In this study, a novel genetically marked vaccine, A19ΔvirB12, was generated and evaluated. The results indicated that A19ΔvirB12 was able to provide effective protection against B. abortus 2308 (S2308) challenge in mice. Furthermore, the safety and protective efficacy of A19ΔvirB12 have been confirmed in natural host cattle. Additionally, the VirB12 protein allowed for serological differentiation between the S2308 challenge/natural infection and A19ΔvirB12 vaccination. However, previous studies have found that the accuracy of the serological detection based on VirB12 needs to be improved. Therefore, we attempted to identify potential supplementary antigens with differential diagnostic functions by combining label-free quantitative proteomics and protein chip technology. Twenty-six proteins identified only in S2308 were screened; among them, five proteins were considered as potential supplementary antigens. Thus, the accuracy of the differential diagnosis between A19ΔvirB12 immunization and field infection may be improved through multi-antigen detection. In addition, we explored the possible attenuation factors of Brucella vaccine strain. Nine virulence factors were downregulated in A19ΔvirB12. The downregulation pathways of A19ΔvirB12 were significantly enriched in quorum sensing, ATP-binding cassette transporter, and metabolism. Several proteins related to cell division were significantly downregulated, while some proteins involved in transcription were upregulated in S2308. In conclusion, our results contribute to the control and eradication of brucellosis and provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the attenuation of A19ΔvirB12.
The Association of Osteosarcopenia With Functional Disability in Community-Dwelling Mexican Adults 50 and Older
Authors: López-Teros Miriam T. , Rosas-Carrasco Oscar , Sánchez-García Sergio , Castro-Porras Lilia , Luna-López Armando , Agudelo-Botero Marcela 
Published: June 2021

Background: Osteosarcopenia (OS) has recently been described as a predictor of negative outcomes in older adults. However, this alteration in body composition has not been widely studied. In Mexico and Latin America, no information is available on its frequency or associated factors.Objective: To analyze the association between OS with FD in community-dwelling Mexican adults 50 and older.Design: Cross-sectional secondary data analysis was performed using primary data from a prospective study Frailty, Dynapenia and Sarcopenia Study in Mexican Adults (FraDySMex).Setting and Participants: Eight hundred and twenty-five people were included, 77.1% women, aged 70.3 ± 10.8 years old.Methods: OS was defined as when the person was diagnosed with sarcopenia (SP) plus osteopenia/osteoporosis. The SP diagnosis was evaluated in accordance with the criteria of the European Working Group for the Definition and Diagnosis of Sarcopenia (EWGSOP), and the osteoporosis diagnosis using World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Muscle mass and bone mass were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). FD was evaluated using the basic activities of daily living (BADL) and the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Additional sociodemographic and health co-variables were also included, such as sex, age, education, cognitive status, depression, comorbidity, hospitalization, polypharmacy, urinary incontinence, and nutrition variables such as risk of malnutrition and obesity. Associations between OS with FD were evaluated using multiple logistic regression.Results: The prevalence of OS was 8.9% and that of FD was 8.9%. OS was associated with FD [odds ratio (OR): 1.92; CI 95%: 1.11–3.33].Conclusions and Implications: Comprehensive OS assessment could help clinicians identify risk factors early, and thus mitigate the impact on FD in older people.
Pleural Fluid GSDMD Is a Novel Biomarker for the Early Differential Diagnosis of Pleural Effusion
Authors: Li Pu , Shi Jing , Zhou Lijing , Wang Bo , Zhang Li Jun , Duan Liang , Hu Qin , Zhou Xiaolan , Yuan Yuan , Li Dandan , Chen Hong , Zhao Qing , Peng Xuemei , Chen Weixian 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveGasdermin D (GSDMD), controlling pyroptosis in cells, has multiple physiological functions. The diagnostic role of GSDMD in pleural effusion (PE) remains unknown.MethodsSandwich ELISA kits that we developed were applied to measure the level of GSDMD for 335 patients with a definite cause of PE, including transudative PE, tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE), parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE), and malignant pleural effusion (MPE). The diagnostic accuracy of Light’s criteria vs. the new marker GSDMD was performed. Clinical follow-up of 40 cases of PPE was conducted and divided into efficacy and non-efficacy groups according to the therapeutic outcome. Nucleated cells (NCs) in PE were isolated and further infected with bacteria to verify the cell source of GSDMD.ResultsThe diagnostic accuracy of GSDMD for the diagnosis of PE were 96% (sensitivity) and 94% (specificity). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicated that GSDMD can be an efficient biomarker for the differential diagnosis of transudative PE and other groups (all AUC &gt; 0.973). Noteworthily, the highest AUC belonged to tuberculosis diagnosis of 0.990, and the cut-off value was 18.40 ng/mL. Moreover, the same cut-off value of PPE and MPE was 9.35 ng/mL. The combination of GSDMD, adenosine deaminase (ADA), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) will further improve the diagnostic efficiency especially between TPE and PPE (AUC = 0.968). The AUC of GSDMD change at day 4, which could predict the therapeutic effect at an early stage, was 0.945 (P &lt; 0.0001). Interestingly, bacterial infection experiments further confirm that the pleural fluid GSDMD was expressed and secreted mainly by the NCs.ConclusionGSDMD and its combination are candidates as a potentially novel biomarker not only to separate PEs early and effectively, but also monitor disease progression.