bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The perceived obesogenic environment survey in the Flemish municipal context – the CIVISANO project
Authors: Inac Y , D'Hooghe S , Dury S , Clerq E De , Vandevijvere S , van Dyck D , Deforche B , Van Der Weghe N , de Ridder K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of obesity worldwide has been steadily increasing. This has generated an uptake in research determining the cause of obesity. One of the primary drivers that have been identified is the “obesogenic environment', which is an environment that contains features that increase excess weight in individuals or populations. Obesogenic environments are unevenly distributed with socio-economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods being more affected.

Methods
This survey is part of the CIVISANO (‘Community-based participatory research to tackle the disparities in health-enhancing lifestyle within the municipality environment') project, which will be conducted in two municipalities. Respondents will be socio-economically disadvantaged adults between 25- and 65-years old. To gain information on individual characteristics and perceptions of the obesogenic environment, residents will be invited to complete a survey. Since it is known that socio-economically disadvantaged respondents are difficult to reach a non-random active recruitment approach will be applied. The following variables are included in the survey: sociodemographic information, subjective health and anthropometrics, dietary habits, food security and physical activity. Items from the SPOTLIGHT project survey and NEMS-P survey were added to assess respondent's perceptions of features of the obesogenic environment. Additional variables on individual characteristics were based on items from the Belgian National Health Interview Survey of 2019.

Results
Through the survey, we expect to gain insight into the perceptions of socio-economically disadvantaged adults on obesogenic features of their local environment. Initial results from the survey will be available in the upcoming months.

Conclusions
The construction of instruments to assess the context-specific features, which can be compared with objective measurements, can increase our knowledge of contextual determinants of the obesogenic environment.

Key messages
The first Flemish survey that focuses on perceptions of socio-economically disadvantaged adults on obesogenic features of their local environment in the municipal context. Gaining a better understanding of the local obesogenic environment creates an opportunity to promote and strengthen the development of effective local interventions to build healthier environments.
Effects of antibiotic treatment on antimicrobial resistance in pig microbiomes: a longitudinal study
Authors: Balasubramanian R , Kalmar L , Holmes M , Restif O 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

The United Kingdom has prohibited the prophylactic use of antibiotics in agriculture but they are still critical for disease control. It is thus vital to understand the effects of antibiotic treatment on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) spread. Hi-C metagenomic sequencing can help identify AMR genes in animal microbiomes and assign plasmid-based genes to their bacterial hosts. Leveraging Hi-C, we sequence antibiotically-treated pig microbiomes through time to identify dynamic trends in AMR gene prevalence. Fecal samples were collected at time points prior to and following antibiotic treatment in 6 farms across England when pigs presented with illness. Control samples were collected from 2 of these farms at multiple time points without treatment. Samples were processed using a bioinformatic pipeline that outputs assemblies with information on taxonomic classification and presence/absence of an AMR allele. 115 AMR alleles across 11 antibiotic classes were included. The bacterial species in highest abundance/farm belonged to order Bacteroidales (45.9-53.1%). Tetracycline resistance alleles showed the highest prevalence/farm (28.4-52.8%). No significant association between bacterial species abundance and time point, and AMR allele prevalence and time point was found in all farms (χ2 p&gt;.05). The distribution of the number of AMR alleles/assembly was significantly higher between the first and last time point in 4/6 treated farms and 1/2 control farms (Wilcoxan rank sum p &lt;.01). A higher difference in the proportion of assemblies with greater than 6 AMR alleles between the first and last time point was observed in 1 treated farm (.17 95% CI .013-.21) compared to its control (.03 95% CI .023-.033). Slight acquisition of AMR alleles was observed but we see minimal temporal fluctuations in bacterial species abundance and AMR allele prevalence overall implying that the microbiome is fairly robust to antibiotic treatment. This encourages its responsible use for disease control.

Key messages
Ensuring that the responsible use of antibiotics does not drastically affect AMR mobilization is key to preserving the efficacy of therapeutics in agriculture. While acquisition of resistance genes over time is seen it cannot conclusively be tied to treatment; Minimal microbiome perturbation post treatment implies that therapeutic antibiotic use is warranted.
Child health status from the parents perspective - judgement accuracy verification
Authors: Metelska P , Brzeziński M , Szarszewski A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The assessment of an individual's health condition is a challenge because of the wide range of forms and values contained within the meaning of the term ‘health'. In case of less independent groups, it is necessary to use the assessments of the guardians or proxies. This is the case when the health status of minors is being assessed. Proper assessment by parents is often crucial to take appropriate action to maintain the child's health. Objectivity of parental assessment should be verified. The aim of presented study was to assess the impact of selected factors on the parents' perception of their children's health.

Methods
The material for analysis was the results of anthropometric studies and questionnaire interviews conducted with 28891 parents of children between 6 and 14 years of age from Gdańsk -participating in screening tests during the health program 6-10-14 for Health.

Results
In the study group prevalence of excess body mass increases with age and frequency of underweight decreases with age. No significant intergroup differences were observed, therefore the opinion on the child's body weight is not affected by real body mass of parents. In families where parents declare excess body mass, the child's body mass is more often estimated incorrectly. These parents significantly lower their children's body weight.

Conclusions
The correct assessment of the child's state of health and behaviors related to health is not dependent on parents' weight and level of education, but it depends on parents' opinion about their body weight. Almost ¼ of parents (24.6%) is wrong when they estimate their child's body weight. The main cause of error is the perception of their own body mass. Parents' ratings for healths-related behaviors show very low sensitivity and specificity. There is a need for objectification of assessment in relation to the child's health. It is necessary to use verification methods of information given by parents.

Key messages
In-depth interviews are valuable. ‘Simple' questions don’t provide accurate answers, but often introduce false information to medical records. Family history that is part of the study should be extended by standardized questions. It will allow medical professionals to get reliable information from parents about their child.
A study on stress factors in ferrous metallurgy in Bulgaria and ways of their minimizing and control
Authors: Stoilova I , Georgieva S , Kamburova M , Kostadinova P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Stress at workplace arises when the requirements for workers don't meet their personal or social capabilities, or differ from the individual's needs and motivation. Occupational stress is observed in a number of both elementary and high-tech occupational fields. In ferrous metallurgy it could be associated with 24/7 operating mode, high work intensity and a variety of unfavorable characteristics of working environment. The aim of the study is to clarify the nature of factors - stressors in ferrous metallurgy and to define ways for reduction of their negative health impact.

Materials and Methods
Study subject are 91 workers in an electric steel-making department of a ferrous metallurgy enterprise in Bulgaria. Data, concerning working conditions, work characteristics, workers satisfaction, presence/absence of stress and chronic diseases, were collected by direct individual self-administered questionnaire and documents review.

Results
Two of three study subjects reported stress related to their work. Noise, varies from 89.2 to 92.2 dB/A (at rate 85 dB/A) in different sections of the workshop, is the biggest stressor according to 77.5% of the investigated people, followed by short deadlines for task performance (46.5%) and ineffective leadership (32.4%). In addition, negative effects of stress is increasing by high dust levels, reaching up to 7 mg/m3 air at a standard of 6 mg/m3 air, and contain manganese, coke, chamotte, free and bound silica, rare metals, increased concentration of CO and more.Nevertheless workers consider that the organization provides measures for stress reduction by strict control on the limit values of noise, dust, temperature and chemicals (49.2%),provision of personal protective equipment establishment (69%) of a rational mode of work and rest (56.3%) and healthy eating (47.9%).

Conclusions
Despite a plenty of environmental and organizational stressors, their negative effects could be decreased by appropriate preventive measures.

Key messages
Factors-stressor in ferrous metallurgy could be associated with a variety of unfavorable characteristics of working environment,non-stop operating mode, high work intensity and poor time management. Noise is the biggest stressor followed by short deadlines for task performance and ineffective leadership. Stressors are modifiable and preventable by strict hygienic control and improved management.
Self-perception of childrenś oral health by their parents
Authors: Veiga N , Carvalho A , Correia P , Couto P , Correia MJ 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Neglecting oral hygiene can lead to early tooth loss, pain, discomfort and, consequently, a great monetary investment to repair the damage caused in the stomatognathic system, whether of masticatory, phonetic or aesthetic origin. The aim of the present study consists in the characterization of oral health perception and oral hygiene habits of the children by their own parents and the creation of a scale to classify children's oral health perception by their parents.

Methods
A cross-sectional observational epidemiological study was performed. The population of this study was made up of 422 parents whose children are between five and eleven years of age and who attend schools in the districts of Viseu and Lisbon. The data collection was achieved through the application of a self-administered questionnaire in order to characterize the parentś perception of the oral health of their own children.

Results
Through the analysis of the questionnaires, 54.8% of the sample considered that their own children present inadequate oral health behaviors; 40.3% sufficient and only 4.8% consider that their children have good and adequate oral health behaviors. Regarding oral hygiene, most of the children did it one to five times a day, 44.7% took ‘2 minutes' to perform this activity, 70.3% did not use dental floss, 77.9% do not brush their teeth after lunch, 49.3% only use toothbrush for oral hygiene, 13.6% never went to the dentist, 26.9% are afraid, 38.1% have already suffered from toothache, 28.8% had gingival hemorrhage and 12.6% had gingival inflammation.

Conclusions
Oral health is a determining factor for a good quality of life. To this end, it is essential to implement oral health education and promotion strategies with all members of the household, in order to guarantee better oral health indexes in the community.

Key messages
Oral health literacy and knowledge is essential in order to improve oral health indexes in the community. The characterization of the oral health of children and adolescents is crucial to improve oral health behaviors and establish the correct oral health promotion programs.
Is internet addiction related to self-esteem and insomnia among engineering students?
Authors: Ketata N , Ben Ayed H , Ben Jmeaa M , Maamri H , Baklouti M , Yaich S , Jedidi J , Feki H , Damak J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
With the availability and mobility of new media, Internet addiction (IA) has emerged as a potential problem in young people which refers to excessive computer use that interferes with their daily life, with harmful behavioral-psychological impact. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of IA among engineering students (ES) and to evaluate its relationship with self-esteem and insomnia.

Methods
In a cross-sectional survey using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire, data was collected from a randomized sample of 305 ES in Sfax, Southern Tunisia. Previously validated and standardized scales including Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Rosenberg self-esteem and Internet Addiction Test (IAT) were performed.

Results
Among 305 ES, 185 (60.7%) were females, giving a male to female ratio of 0.6. Their mean age was 22.9 ± 2.6. Prevalence of internet addiction was 41.3% (N=); it was moderate in 102 ES (80.9%) and severe in 24 ES (19.1%). As for insomnia and low self-esteem, their prevalence rates were 59.6 and 28.2%, respectively. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors including mixing cannabis with tobacco (OR = 11.2; p = 0.02), skipping meals once a day (OR = 3.6; p = 0.041), first use of smartphones at younger age (OR = 2.2; p = 0.042) and spending ≥3 hours per day on line (OR = 3.2; p = 0.032) were statistically associated with internet addiction. Academic failure during the last year (OR = 2.02; p = 0.04) was significantly more frequent among internet addicted ES. Moreover, mental health disorders, notably feeling frequently in depressive mood (OR = 1.9; p = 0.048), insomnia (OR = 1.24; p = 0.007) and low self-esteem (OR = 2.62; p = 0.003) were statistically associated with internet addiction.

Conclusions
Ranking at an alarming rate, internet addiction has been found to have a very strong relationship with insomnia and low self-esteem among ES, and at times it affected their social life and their relationship with their family.

Key messages
Internet addiction among engineering students. Insomnia and self-esteem among engineering students.
Results of the 1:1-matching of the CTC-EFF study: A non-randomized evaluation study
Authors: Röding D , Soellner R , Birgel V , Groeger-Roth F , Brender R , Reder M , Feierabend N , Kleiner C , Walter U 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
In Germany, more and more communities are implementing the U.S. approach “Communities That Care (CTC)” to prevent youth problem behavior. To evaluate the effectiveness of CTC, we planned a prospective natural experiment. This required the development of a specific novel recruiting and matching procedure. In this talk, we examine the ability of our procedure to achieve base-line equivalence regarding the matching characteristics.

Methods
The matching procedure is based on community-level data from official statistics 2017 (www.inkar.de) and police crime statistics 2019. From April 2019 to January 2020, we recruited communities that are implementing CTC (intervention communities, IC). For each IC, we recruited a matched community in the same federal state not using CTC (comparison community, CC). To examine whether the ICs (n = 15) and the CCs (n = 15) are equivalent, chi-square tests were performed for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U tests for metric variables.

Results
The following are preliminary results. Of the ICs/CCs 10%/7% are large cities, 25%/29% medium-sized cities, 40%/43% larger towns, 15%/14% smaller towns, and 10%/7% rural communities (p=.995). Regarding the community development of ICs/CCs 10%/21% are shrinking, 5%/14% stable, 55%/36% growing and 30%/29% strongly growing (p=.533). The mean fiscal power (€per capita and year) of the ICs/CCs is 1,150€/770€(p=.192). The mean long-term unemployment rate is 1.19% in ICs and 1.03% in CCs (p=.726). The average annual prevalence of violent crime per 100,000 inhabitants is 1.67 in ICs and 1.78 in CCs (p=.690). Prevalence of shoplifting per 100,000 inhabitants is 3.4 in ICs and 3.5 in CCs (p=.389).

Conclusions
The results show that ICs and CCs are equivalent with respect to matching characteristics.

Key messages
The developed novel recruiting and matching procedure is appropriate for enrolling communities in non-randomized trials. The CTC-EFF study evaluates the effectiveness of CTC in Germany for the first time.
Dermatoglyphic markers as predictors of high blood pressure in young soccer players
Authors: Argüello-Gutiérrez YP , Castro-Jiménez LE , Sánchez-Rojas IA , Aguirre-Rueda DM 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Finger dermatoglyphics has been used as a genetic marker that contributes to the detection of sports talents and the establishment of predisposition to develop physical capacities. Additionally, it has begun to venture as a strategy in the early detection of risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD), with arterial hypertension being one of the least studied factors in athletes; since its prevalence is &lt; 3%, and it has been associated primarily with lifestyle. Therefore, the objective of this study was to know the correlation between the dermatoglyphic characteristics and the increase in blood pressure (BP) in young soccer players.

Methods
Analytical study. The sample was 86 male soccer players between 18 and 26 years of age; the case definition was soccer players with high blood pressure according to the AHA classification. Controls were those with normal blood pressure. The dermatoglyphic profile was scanned according to the Cummins and Midlo protocol on the 10 fingers of the hands. Statistical analyzes were processed in SPSS 25.0, at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. The quantitative variables were evaluated with the Shapiro-Wilk test, the non-parametric with Mann-Whitney and the qualitative with the chi-square test.

Results
The Shapiro-Wilk test detected an abnormal distribution of the crests of the fingers index and atrial of the right hand (RH); of the index and middle fingers of the left hand (LH), and the summation of crests - SQTL of LH. In addition, a significant intergroup difference in all fingerprint patterns (arches, loops and whorls). Finally, a substantial difference for the fifth finger LH; fourth and fifth finger RH, and ulnar loops is more frequent in atrial LH, in annular and atrial RH in the high BP group.

Conclusions
Dermatoglyphics are suggested as a marker for the early diagnosis of elevated BP in young athletes.

Key messages
Dermatoglyphic patterns are a marker for the detection of high BP in young soccer players. Early detection of risk factors reduces the incidence of CNCD.
Does parents’ educational level affect children's sedentary behaviour? A cross sectional analysis
Authors: Sanmarchi F , Soldà G , Salomoni MG , Gribaudo G , Capodici A , Marini S , Masini A , Dallolio L , Ferretti F , Arrichiello F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Evidence links sedentary behaviours (SB) with poorer health outcomes; i.e. higher screen time is associated with poorer fitness and cardiometabolic health, as well as unfavourable measures of adiposity, mental health and social behaviour in children. The WHO guidelines for children recommend reaching at least an average of 60 min per day of physical activity (PA). Several studies show a correlation between parental education (PE) and children PA levels. This study aims to analyse the influence that PE has on childrens' sedentary lifestyle and PA habits in Italian society.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among 428 children aged 6-11 recruited in a primary school of Calderara di Reno (Italy) in 2017. Children's and parents' information were collected at baseline (i.e. age, BMI, occupation, instruction). PA level and SB were evaluated using a weekly diary investigating screen time (PC and TV), sports practice and active play (i.e: running, jumping, riding a bike, etc.). We investigated the relationship between lifestyles and PE (high school degree or lower vs college degree or higher) through multiple linear regression models adjusted for age and gender.

Results
Our models show that fathers' educational level is not related to children's SB. PA habits and weekly sports activities are not related to PE. On the other hand, higher mothers' educational level shows to be linked to a decreased TV screen time (p = 0.003) and time spent using a computer (p = 0.035). Notably, older children spend more time using PCs or devices (p = 0.001), net of confounding variables.

Conclusions
Our findings show that mothers' educational level positively influences children's lifestyle. This result might be related to the fact that, in the Italian context, mothers are usually the principal children's caregiver influencing their daily routine. In light of this, mothers might be considered a primary target when implementing public health interventions to reduce children's SB.

Key messages
Higher mothers’ educational level is positively associated with healthier lifestyles in children, in particular in determining a less sedentary behaviour. Fathers' degree of education does not display any impact on children's attitude toward sports and PA.
What is a relationship between BMI and life satisfaction?
Authors: Gugushvili A , Jarosz E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose
In this study we investigate whether individuals' BMI categories are associated with life satisfaction (LS), how this association is affected by the social comparison that individuals make, and what the role of the overall BMI levels in this process is.

Methods
We use data for 21,577 men and 27,415 women, collected in 2016 by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, from 34 countries in Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia. To mitigate a selection bias into specific BMI categories, we use inverse-probability weighted regression-adjustment estimators. To understand the moderating effect of contextual environment we use multilevel mixed effect logistic regression models and data for national, regional, and cohort-specific BMI levels.

Results
We find that the association of BMI and LS differs by gender, with overweight men reporting higher LS than men with normal weight, and obese women reporting lower LS than women with normal weight. For contextual effects, we find that in the regions with low BMI levels underweight men have higher LS than underweight men in regions with high BMI levels. As for women, the effect of obesity on LS is not observed in regions with overall high BMI levels. Conversely, obese women in regions with low BMI levels report lower LS.

Conclusions
Our study adds additional nuance to the quality-of-life research by showing that the association between BMI and LS is, at least partially, moderated by the contextual environment, and that the character of these effects differs by gender.

Key messages
The association between BMI and LS is moderated by the contextual environment. The character of these effects differs by gender.