bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammation, epigenetics, and metabolism converge to cell senescence and ageing: the regulation and intervention
Authors: Zhu Xudong , Chen Zhiyang , Shen Weiyan , Huang Gang , Sedivy John M. , Wang Hu , Ju Zhenyu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRemarkable progress in ageing research has been achieved over the past decades. General perceptions and experimental evidence pinpoint that the decline of physical function often initiates by cell senescence and organ ageing. Epigenetic dynamics and immunometabolic reprogramming link to the alterations of cellular response to intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli, representing current hotspots as they not only (re-)shape the individual cell identity, but also involve in cell fate decision. This review focuses on the present findings and emerging concepts in epigenetic, inflammatory, and metabolic regulations and the consequences of the ageing process. Potential therapeutic interventions targeting cell senescence and regulatory mechanisms, using state-of-the-art techniques are also discussed.
Ki-67 gene expression
Authors: Uxa Sigrid , Castillo-Binder Paola , Kohler Robin , Stangner Konstanze , Müller Gerd A. , Engeland Kurt 
Published: June 2021

AbstractKi-67 serves as a prominent cancer marker. We describe how expression of the MKI67 gene coding for Ki-67 is controlled during the cell cycle. MKI67 mRNA and Ki-67 protein are maximally expressed in G2 phase and mitosis. Expression is dependent on two CHR elements and one CDE site in the MKI67 promoter. DREAM transcriptional repressor complexes bind to both CHR sites and downregulate the expression in G0/G1 cells. Upregulation of MKI67 transcription coincides with binding of B-MYB-MuvB and FOXM1-MuvB complexes from S phase into G2/M. Importantly, binding of B-MYB to the two CHR elements correlates with loss of CHR-dependent MKI67 promoter activation in B-MYB-knockdown experiments. In knockout cell models, we find that DREAM/MuvB-dependent transcriptional control cooperates with the RB Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor. Furthermore, the p53 tumor suppressor indirectly downregulates transcription of the MKI67 gene. This repression by p53 requires p21/CDKN1A. These results are consistent with a model in which DREAM, B-MYB-MuvB, and FOXM1-MuvB together with RB cooperate in cell cycle-dependent transcription and in transcriptional repression following p53 activation. In conclusion, we present mechanisms how MKI67 gene expression followed by Ki-67 protein synthesis is controlled during the cell cycle and upon induction of DNA damage, as well as upon p53 activation.
Novel tool to quantify with single-cell resolution the number of incoming AAV genomes co-expressed in the mouse nervous system
Authors: Maturana Carola J. , Verpeut Jessica L. , Kooshkbaghi Mahdi , Engel Esteban A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAdeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors are an established and safe gene delivery tool to target the nervous system. However, the payload capacity of <4.9 kb limits the transfer of large or multiple genes. Oversized payloads could be delivered by fragmenting the transgenes into separate AAV capsids that are then mixed. This strategy could increase the AAV cargo capacity to treat monogenic, polygenic diseases and comorbidities only if controlled co-expression of multiple AAV capsids is achieved on each transduced cell. We developed a tool to quantify the number of incoming AAV genomes that are co-expressed in the nervous system with single-cell resolution. By using an isogenic mix of three AAVs each expressing single fluorescent reporters, we determined that expression of much greater than 31 AAV genomes per neuron in vitro and 20 genomes per neuron in vivo is obtained across different brain regions including anterior cingulate, prefrontal, somatomotor and somatosensory cortex areas, and cerebellar lobule VI. Our results demonstrate that multiple AAV vectors containing different transgenes or transgene fragments, can efficiently co-express in the same neuron. This tool can be used to design and improve AAV-based interrogation of neuronal circuits, map brain connectivity, and treat genetic diseases affecting the nervous system.
Assessing the impact of aging and blood pressure on dermal microvasculature by reactive hyperemia optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Wang-Evers Michael , Casper Malte J. , Glahn Joshua , Luo Tuanlian , Doyle Abigail E. , Karasik Daniel , Kim Anne C. , Phothong Weeranut , Nathan Neera R. , Heesakker Tammy , Kositratna Garuna , Manstein Dieter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractVisualization and quantification of the skin microvasculature are important for studying the health of the human microcirculation. We correlated structural and pathophysiological changes of the dermal capillary-level microvasculature with age and blood pressure by using the reactive hyperemia optical coherence tomography angiography (RH-OCT-A) technique and evaluated both conventional OCT-A and the RH-OCT-A method as non-invasive imaging alternatives to histopathology. This observational pilot study acquired OCT-A and RH-OCT-A images of the dermal microvasculature of 13 young and 12 old healthy Caucasian female subjects. Two skin biopsies were collected per subject for histological analysis. The dermal microvasculature in OCT-A, RH-OCT-A, and histological images were automatically quantified and significant indications of vessel rarefaction in both old subjects and subjects with high blood pressure were observed by RH-OCT-A and histopathology. We showed that an increase in dermal microvasculature perfusion in response to reactive hyperemia was significantly lower in high blood pressure subjects compared to normal blood pressure subjects (117% vs. 229%). These results demonstrate that RH-OCT-A imaging holds functional information of the microvasculature with respect to physiological factors such as age and blood pressure that may help to monitor early disease progression and assess overall vascular health. Additionally, our results suggest that RH-OCT-A images may serve as a non-invasive alternative to histopathology for vascular analysis.
Baseline quantitative HBcAb strongly predicts undetectable HBV DNA and RNA in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with entecavir for 10 years
Authors: Zhang Xi , An Xiaocui , Shi Lei , Yang Xueliang , Chen Yunru , Liu Xiaojing , Li Jianzhou , Ye Feng , Lin Shumei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe predictive effect of quantitative anti-hepatitis B core on double-negative HBV DNA and RNA remains unstudied. We observed dynamic changes in this measure in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving entecavir for 10 years, evaluating its predictive value for double-negative HBV DNA and RNA. Twenty-seven chronic hepatitis B patients treated with entecavir for 10 years were enrolled in this study. Liver function, quantitative anti-hepatitis B core, hepatitis B surface and e antigens, HBV DNA and RNA were measured at baseline and each follow-up. Virological response was defined as double-negative HBV DNA and RNA; serological response was defined as hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion. After antiviral therapy, quantitative anti-hepatitis B core showed an overall downward trend. Patients with virological response had significantly higher quantitative anti-hepatitis B core levels than those without virological response at baseline. Patients with serological response also had higher quantitative anti-hepatitis B core levels than those without serological response at baseline and week 24. Baseline quantitative anti-hepatitis B core level was the only independent predictor for virological and serological responses. Baseline quantitative anti-hepatitis B core level was powerfully predictive of double-negative HBV DNA and RNA in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving long-term entecavir therapy.
Potential of cold plasma to control Callosobruchus chinensis (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in chickpea cultivars during four year storage
Authors: Pathan F. L. , Deshmukh R. R. , Annapure U. S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCold plasma has proven itself as a promising method of food preservation by controlling food spoilage bacteria at very low temperatures. It is showing potential for insect control. Synthetic pesticides are mostly used to control Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera) to which it has developed resistance. The prospective potential of cold plasma treatment to control pulse beetle infestation of chickpea in the storage for about four years of plasma treatment was studied. The four chickpea cultivars were treated with cold plasma at different power 40, 50, and 60 W each for 10, 15, 20 min. Plasma treated and untreated chickpeas were stored in an airtight ziplock pouch. At regular intervals, the grains were observed for infestation. It was found most effective in controlling the pulse beetle infestation of treated chickpea samples. While plasma untreated chickpeas were attacked and damaged mostly by pulse beetle within the first quarter of the storage study. To avoid the problems created by the use of pesticides cold plasma treatment is found to be the best alternative in the protection of chickpea invasion by pulse beetle during a longer storage period. The findings in the present research may be used for the preparation of legumes which may also soak and cook faster like quick-cooking legumes and preserved for years without invasion of pulse beetle.
Occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica in municipal household waste collection and road cleaning workers
Authors: Kim Boowook , Kim Eunyoung , Cha Wonseok , Shin Jungah , Choi Byung-Soon , Kim Daeho , Kim Miyeon , Kang Wonyang , Choi Sungwon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDespite the increase in the number of cases among South Korean sanitation workers, lung cancer as a result of exposure to occupational carcinogen has not been sufficiently investigated. This study aimed to identify exposure levels of sanitation workers to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) for various tasks and factors that affect individual RCS exposure. Exposure to RCS was assessed for 90 sanitation workers from seven companies. The obtained geometric mean value of the RCS was 2.6 µg m–3, which is a similar level to recommendations set by California’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment's Recommended Exposure Limit. Meanwhile, coal briquette ash (CBA) collectors exhibited the highest RCS concentration (24 µg m–3), followed by road cleaning workers who used a blower, municipal household waste collectors, sweepers, and drivers (p < 0.05). Additionally, when the ANOVA was conducted, statistically significant differences were observed in RCS concentrations among various factors such as job task, season, employment type and city scale. Our study confirmed that sanitation workers who work outdoors could be exposed to RCS. Due to the possibility of exposure to high RCS concentrations, special attention should be paid to the collection of used CBA and road cleaning involving the use of a blower.
The precise determination of the window of implantation significantly improves ART outcomes
Authors: Enciso M. , Aizpurua J. , Rodríguez-Estrada B. , Jurado I. , Ferrández-Rives M. , Rodríguez E. , Pérez-Larrea E. , Climent A. B. , Marron K. , Sarasa J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe human endometrium is receptive to the embryo for a specific period of time known as the window of implantation (WOI). During this period, the endometrium shows a specific gene expression profile suitable for endometrial function evaluation. ER Map is a molecular tool able to accurately predict endometrial receptivity status by transcriptomic analysis. In this retrospective study, including 2256 subfertile patients undergoing ART treatment, the clinical value of precise WOI determination is studied in detail. Results obtained when single embryo transfers (sET) were scheduled either within the WOI timeframe as established by ER Map, or deviating from this WOI, are assessed and compared. Data obtained showed that 34.18% (771/2256) of patients had a displaced WOI. Analysis of ART outcomes showed significantly higher pregnancy rates in transfers scheduled within the WOI predicted compared to transfers that deviated more than 12h from this WOI (44.35% vs 23.08%, p < 0.001). The deviation from the WOI had also an impact on the progression of pregnancy, with a significant increase in pregnancy loss (~ twofold) observed in transfers that deviated more than 12h from the WOI predicted. These results indicate that the precise determination of the WOI and personalised embryo transfer can significantly improve clinical outcomes.
Early pandemic COVID-19 case growth rates increase with city size
Authors: Stier Andrew J. , Berman Marc G. , Bettencourt Luís M. A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe current outbreak of COVID-19 poses an unprecedented global health and economic threat to interconnected human societies. Strategies for controlling the outbreak rely on social distancing and face covering measures which largely disconnect the social network fabric of cities. We demonstrate that early in the US outbreak, COVID-19 spread faster on average in larger cities and discuss the implications of these observations, emphasizing the need for faster responses to novel infectious diseases in larger cities.
Dynamics of nanodust in the vicinity of a stellar corona: Effect of plasma corotation
Authors: Czechowski A. , Mann I. 
Published: June 2021

Context. In the vicinity of the Sun or other stars, the motion of the coronal and stellar wind plasma must include some amount of corotation, which could affect the dynamics of charged dust particles. In the case of the Sun, this region is now investigated in situ by the Parker Solar Probe. Charged dust particles coming from the vicinity of the Sun can also reach, and possibly be detected by, the Solar Orbiter.
Aims. We use numerical simulations and theoretical models to study the effect of plasma corotation on the motion of charged nanodust particles released from the parent bodies moving in Keplerian orbits, with particular attention to the case of trapped particles.
Methods. We used two methods: the motion of nanodust is described either by numerical solutions of full equations of motion, or by a two-dimensional (distance vs. radial velocity) model based on the guiding centre approximation. The models of the plasma and magnetic field in the vicinity of the star are based on analytical solutions that satisfy the freezing-in equations.
Results. Including plasma corotation does not prevent trapping of nanodust in the vicinity of the Sun or other stars. This result can be understood with the help of the model based on the guiding centre approximation. For the amount of corotation expected near the Sun, the outer limit of the trapped region is almost unaffected. If the corotation persists outside the trapping region, the speed of particles ejected from the Sun is moderately increased. A strong effect of plasma corotation on charged particle dynamics occurs for the star with a high rotation rate and/or a low value of the stellar wind speed.
Évolution des usages contraceptifs
Authors: Le Guen Mireille 
Published: June 2021

Il est difficile de dire avec précision depuis quand les êtres humains ont souhaité contrôler leur fécondité, tant cette pratique paraît ancienne. Toutefois, on observe au fil du temps deux évolutions majeures. Au cours desxviiieetxixesiècles en Europe, la « première révolution contraceptive » se caractérise par l’adoption du « retrait » au sein des couples mariés. Quant à la « seconde révolution contraceptive », elle n’intervient qu’à partir de la seconde moitié duxxesiècle, avec la diffusion progressive de la pilule et du dispositif intra-utérin (DIU) au sein des différents groupes sociaux. Depuis lors, les pratiques contraceptives sont largement médicalisées et le contrôle de la fécondité est devenue une responsabilité exclusivement féminine.
ω-3-Fettsäuren – gesundheitliche Effekte und Diagnose des Mangels
Authors: von Schacky Prof. Dr. med. Clemens 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungEin Mangel an ω-3-Fettsäuren ist weltweit verbreitet. Ursache sind u. a. ein zu geringer Fischverzehr sowie rückläufige Gehalte von Eicosapentaensäure (EPA) und Docosahexaensäure (DHA) in Zuchtlachs. Es deutet sich an, dass die Mortalität an COVID-19 durch die Gabe von EPA und DHA reduziert werden kann. Zudem können diese Fettsäuren den mit der Alterung verbundenen Abbau von Muskeln und Gehirn verlangsamen und sich günstig auf Entzündungen auswirken. Über die Bestimmung des Versorgungsstatus mit ω-3-Fettsäuren und die Effekte der maritimen Fettsäuren sprach Herausgeber Uwe Gröber mit Professor Dr. Clemens von Schacky.
Management of Leukemia and Partial Atrioventricular Septal Defect during Pregnancy
Authors: Li Zhi , Sun Haoliang , Li Jinghang , Zhu Yu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Pregnancy-associated acute myeloid leukemia (PA-AML) is rare. Cardiac surgery in the context of AML poses challenges that are seldom encountered.
Case Description The subject is a 31-year-old woman at 38 weeks' gestational age diagnosed with AML and partial atrioventricular septal defect. After multidisciplinary consulting, an urgent cesarean section was performed, then chemotherapy was initiated, followed by minimally invasive cardiac surgery with an uneventful recovery.
Conclusion Efficient multidisciplinary approach is essential in the management of PA-AML and cardiac disease. Minimally invasive cardiac surgery may be safe and useful in patients with AML.
Biomedical Waste and Solid Waste Management in the Time of COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review of the National and International Scenario and Guidelines
Authors: Capoor Malini R. , Parida Annapurna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBiomedical waste generated during the diagnosis, isolation, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients can also be the source of new infections; hence, it needs special consideration. Previous guidelines for the management of biomedical waste need to be revisited as the majority of COVID-19 patients remain asymptomatic and reside in community. Personal protective equipment (PPE) like masks, hazmat suits, gloves, and visors are now being used by the public also. Thus, the general household waste and disposables now make an exponential increase in the waste that can be considered an environmental hazard. In this article, the authors have tried to present the problems arising from COVID-19 waste and the recommendations put forth by competent authorities both nationally and internationally on COVID-19 waste management. Furthermore, in all the guidelines, it is crucial that the COVID-19 waste management follows environmentally sound principles and practices of biomedical waste management, with safe work and infection-control practices. Segregation of COVID-19 waste at source, awareness, and precautions at all steps of the waste-cycle are the only way ahead in this crisis.
Lipschütz Ulcer: An Unusual Diagnosis that Should Not be Neglected
Authors: Pereira Daniela Alexandra Gonçalves , Teixeira Eliana Patrícia Pereira , Lopes Ana Cláudia Martins , Sarmento Ricardo José Pina , Lopes Ana Paula Calado 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe diagnosis of genital ulcers remains a challenge in clinical practice. Lipschütz ulcer is a non-sexually transmitted rare and, probably, underdiagnosed condition, characterized by the sudden onset of vulvar edema along with painful necrotic ulcerations. Despite its unknown incidence, this seems to be an uncommon entity, with sparse cases reported in the literature. We report the case of an 11-year-old girl who presented at the emergency department with vulvar ulcers. She denied any sexual intercourse. The investigation excluded sexually transmitted infections, so, knowledge of different etiologies of non-venereal ulcers became essential. The differential diagnoses are extensive and include inflammatory processes, drug reactions, trauma, and malignant tumors. Lipschütz ulcer is a diagnosis of exclusion. With the presentation of this case report, the authors aim to describe the etiology, clinical course, and outcomes of this rare disease, to allow differential diagnosis of genital ulceration.
Immunological Characteristics between αβ TDC and γδ TDC Cells in the Spleen of Breast Cancer-Induced Mice
Authors: Silva Polyana Barbosa , Michelin Márcia Antoniazi , Jammal Millena Prata , Murta Eddie Fernando Cândido 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the antitumoral role of γδ TDC cells and αβ TDC cells in an experimental model of breast cancer.
Methods Thirty female Balb/c mice were divided into 2 groups: control group (n = 15) and induced-4T1 group (n = 15), in which the mice received 2 × 105 4T1 mammary tumor cell line. Following the 28-day experimental period, immune cells were collected from the spleen and analyzed by flow cytometry for comparison of αβ TDC (TCRαβ+ CD11c+MHCII+) and γδ TDC (TCRγδ+CD11c+MHCII+) cells regarding surface markers (CD4+ and C8+) and cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-17).
Results A total of 26.53% of γδ TDC - control group (p < 0.0001) - the proportion of αβ TDC was lower in splenic cells than γδ TDC; however, these 2 cell types were reduced in tumor conditions (p < 0.0001), and the proportion of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-17 cytokines produced by γδ TDC was higher than those produced by αβ TDC, but it decreased under conditions of tumor-related immune system response (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion Healthy mice engrafted with malignant cells 4T1 breast tumor presented TDC with γδ TCR repertoire. These cells express cytotoxic molecules of lymphocytes T, producing anti-tumor proinflammatory cytokines.
Recurrent Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Current Understanding, Management, and Future Directions
Authors: Leung Kristel K. , Deeb Maya , Fischer Sandra E. , Gulamhusein Aliya 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPatients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) constitute 5 to 15% of patients listed for liver transplantation worldwide. Although post-transplant outcomes are favorable, recurrent PSC (rPSC) occurs in an important subset of patients, with higher prevalence rates reported with increasing time from transplant. Given its association with poor graft outcomes and risk of retransplant, effort has been made to understand rPSC, its pathophysiology, and risk factors. This review covers these facets of rPSC and focuses on implicated risk factors including pretransplant recipient characteristics, inflammatory bowel-disease-related factors, and donor-specific and transplant-specific factors. Confirming a diagnosis of rPSC requires thoughtful consideration of alternative etiologies so as to ensure confidence in diagnosis, management, subsequent risk assessment, and counseling for patients. Unfortunately, no cure exists for rPSC; however, future large-scale efforts are underway to better characterize the natural history of rPSC and its associated risk factors with hopes of identifying potential key targets for novel therapies.