bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geç Tanı Klasik Fenilketonüri Olgularımız ve Geç Tanı Nedenleri
Authors: ÇAKAR Nafiye Emel , YILMAZBAŞ Pınar 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Fenilketonüri, yenidoğan tarama programı kapsamında erken tanı ve tedavisiyle başarılı sonuçları olan metabolik bir hastalıktır. Yenidoğan tarama programı kapsamı dışında tanı alan vakalar “geç tanı” olarak kabul edilmekte ve tedavisiz geçen süreç sonunda geri dönüşümsüz gelişim geriliği ve zihinsel
gerilik oluşmaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 15/09/2018-15/12/2019 tarihleri arasında Pediatrik Metabolizma polikliniğinde geç tanı klasik fenilketonüri olgularımızı ve geç tanı nedenlerini retrospektif olarak inceledik.
Bulgular: On beş ay gibi kısa bir süreçte Çocuk Metabolizma Polikliniğimizde, 6 geç tanı klasik fenilketonüri vakamız oldu. Hastalarımız 3-35 yaş aralığında olup, en sık başvuru şikayetleri otizm spektrum bozukluğu, epilepsi, nöromotor gelişim geriliği, nörokognitif gerilik idi. Hastalarımızın tümünde kan fenilalanin
düzeyi 1200 μmol/L (normal aralık 60-120 μmol/L) üzerinde idi ve klasik fenilketonüri tanısı aldılar.
Bir hasta yenidoğan tarama programı kapsamında eksik kan örneği olması nedeni ile tanı geç tanı almıştı. Beş hasta ise yenidoğan tarama programının yaygın uygulanmasından önce doğmuş ve kan örneği alınmamıştı. Hastaların birinde doğduğu ülkede yenidoğan tarama programı yoktu ve kan örneği alınmamıştı.
Sonuç: Akraba evliliği oranının yüksek olduğu Türkiye’de, fenilketonüri hastaları her yaşta farklı kliniklerle karşımıza çıkabilmektedir. Ülkemizde yenidoğan tarama programının başlangıcından önce doğan çocuklar ve erişkinlerde, tedavisi başarılı bu metabolik hastalığı unutmamalıyız.
Evaluation of acute respiratory distress syndrome cases in a pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: TURHAN İnci , YILDIZDAŞ Dinçer , YÖNTEM Ahmet 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the lung-protective mechanical ventilation strategy, early enteral nutrition, negative fluid balance, and adequacy of hospital resources in our pediatric intensive care unit.
Materials and Methods: This study included 32 patients who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during their monitoring in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Results: According to their oxygenation status, 14 patients (43.8%) had mild ARDS, nine patients (28.1%) had moderate ARDS, and nine patients (28.1%) had severe ARDS. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation was applied to three patients (9.3%), and four patients (12.5%) received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. The most common complications were nosocomial infection (31.3%) and pneumothorax (12.5%). The mortality rate was 6.3%. The survival rate was 75.0% in patients with ECMO support. The patients with a higher Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM-2) score confronted more severe ARDS, and non-pulmonary ARDS also progressed in advanced stages.
Conclusion: In patients with high PIM-2 and PELOD scores, attention must be given to the development of severe ARDS. The lung-protective mechanical ventilation support, early enteral nutrition, negative fluid balance practices, and the adequacy of hospital resources led to a successful survival rate in our study. However, multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed on this subject.
Políticas de promoción sectorial en Argentina: el caso de las plantaciones forestales y la conformación del sector forestoindustrial
Authors: Aguerre Martín , Denegri Gerardo , Acciaresi Gustavo 
Published: May 2021

Desde mediados del siglo XX (Ley 13273) a la fecha, Argentina alcanzó 1.300.000 hectáreas de plantaciones forestales, que abastecen más del 90%de la demanda industrial. El objetivo general del trabajo es analizar la evolución del sector forestal en el marco de la política estatal de promoción de las plantaciones en Argentina. Se caracterizan los instrumentos de promoción aplicados hasta la fecha y se compara el desarrollo forestoindustrial argentino con respecto a Brasil, Chile y Uruguay. Ante el vencimiento del régimen de promoción vigente (Ley 26432), se propone la implementación de nuevos mecanismos de promoción diferenciados por región con potencial forestal según el destino de las plantaciones (industrial, servicios ambientales o una combinación de ellos).
PHLEBOPROTECTORS BASED ON FLAVONOIDS: DOSAGE FORMS, BIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHARACTERISTICS, TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES
Authors: Stepanova E. F. , Remezova I. P. , Shevchenko A. M. , Morozov A. V. , Maltseva V. K. 
Published: May 2021

Micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF) is the original phlebotropic drug. Its marketed form (Detralex®) consists of 90% diosmin and 10% of other flavonoids. Calculated as hesperidin, it is the most widely used drug today. Diosmin and hesperidin, which are parts of the majority of venoactive drugs, are sparingly water-soluble compounds, and this feature can effect on their clinical efficacy. One of the ways to increase the solubility of these compounds leading to an increase in bioavailability, is the micronization of the active ingredients.The aim of the investigation is a comparative determination of the dynamics and dissolution efficiency of the drugs containing bioflavonoid fractions in the dissolution test, as well as the analysis of the micronization degree and its impact on technology and biopharmaceutical parameters.Materials and methods. A biopharmaceutical release profile was determined using HPLC. Disintegration, characteristics of the shape and size of the tablets’ particles were determined according to the methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of the XIV-th edition.Results. The objects created with the use of diosmin and hesperidin, have been considered in detail. The role of technological solutions in relation to the corresponding dosage forms is notified. Detailed biopharmaceutical characteristics have been established with a choice of HPLC-based release control methodology. All the drugs in this group have a low water solubility leading to the maximum bioavailability for Detralex® which is about 1.26%; and no more than 0.2% for other analyzed models.Conclusion. Detralex® dominates among the analyzed objects (tablets) in terms of the release rate. With regard to the overall quantitative indicators of release, the actual numbers are quite low, which is associated with the poor water solubility of the active substances.
CORRECTION OF PSYCHONEUROLOGICAL SIGNS OF ACUTE ALCOHOL INTOXICATION IN RATS WITH A NEW ACETYLCYSTEINE-BASED COMPOSITION
Authors: Kurkin D. V. , Morkovin E. I. , Osadchenko N. A. , Bakulin D. A. , Abrosimova E. E. , Dubrovina M. A. , Kovalev N. S. , Gorbunova Yu. V. , Tyurenkov I. N. 
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study is an experimental confirmation of the use of a new combination of biologically active substances with tonic and antioxidant effects. This combination contains acetylcysteine in its composition to reduce the severity of psychoneurological consequences of alcohol intoxication.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on male Wistar rats. The post-intoxication state was simulated by a single injection of ethanol (3 g/kg, intraperitoneally). Half an hour after awakening, the rats were divided into groups, which were injected with saline, acetylcysteine (1 g/kg), taurine (20 mg/kg), caffeine ( 20 mg/kg), succinic acid (100 mg/kg), lipoic acid (100 mg/kg), pyridoxine (400 mg/kg), or a combination of acetylcysteine with all these substances taken in a twice lower dose (except taurine). Before the treatment and 3 hours after it, the degree of neurological disorders was fixed according to the Combs and D'Alecy scale, in the Open Field test and the Adhesion test. Then the animals were euthanized to assess the level of glutathione, triglycerides and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenates, to determine the activity of enzymatic antioxidant systems and serum aminotransferases.Results. In the animals injected with alcohol, there were evident signs of neuropsychiatric disorders, manifested in a low motor activity and a decrease in fine motor skills. This state did not change after an oral administration of saline. After the administration of acetylcysteine, taurine, caffeine, succinic and lipoic acids, pyridoxine and, to a greater extent, their compositions, the compensation of neuropsychiatric disorders and improvement of fine motor skills were notified. In the liver of these animals, the levels of glutathione, MDA, triglycerides, and the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes corresponded to the physiological norm.Conclusion. The introduction of a combination of acetylcysteine with taurine, caffeine, pyridoxine, lipoic and succinic acids after an acute alcohol intoxication, to a greater extent than each of the substances separately, contributes to the function retention of the antioxidant system of hepatocytes. Besides, it reduces the level of their dystrophic changes and leads to a decrease in the severity of psychoneurological disturbances in the experimental animals.
Jadeitite and Related Rocks in Serpentinite Mélanges from the Rio San Juan Complex, Dominican Republic: Evidence for Both Isochemical Replacement and Metasomatic Desilication of Igneous Protoliths with Fluid-Assisted Jadeite Growth
Authors: Hertwig A. , Maresch W.V. , Schertl H.-P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
—This study presents an overview of the systematic petrography, mineralogy, and geochemistry of jadeitite and jadeite-rich rocks found as blocks in the serpentinite mélanges of the Rio San Juan Complex (RSJC) of the northern Dominican Republic. The RSJC is one of the remnants of the subduction/accretionary complex of the Great Caribbean Arc that once spanned the gap between North and South America, moved relatively eastward to its present position as the Lesser Antilles island arc, and left collisional fragments along the two continental margins. Our systematic collection of heterogeneous samples ranges from jadeitite s.str. (sensu stricto) with ≥90 vol.% jadeite to quartz-rich rocks with jadeite and lawsonite. Two suites of rock types can be recognized. In the matrix-quartz-free rock suite, albite is the principal vein-filling or interstitial phase. Quartz is present only as inclusions in the cores of some jadeite crystals. In the matrix-quartz-bearing rock suite, quartz is abundant and albite is relatively rare. The first-order question concerning jadeite-rich rocks is whether jadeite precipitated from a high-pressure aqueous fluid (“vein precipitation” or “P-type”) or whether the jadeite-rich rock formed through comprehensive metasomatic replacement of an igneous protolith (“R-type”). Some examples occur as discordant veins and are clearly P-type. For most, however, classification has been equivocal. The systematic data on the petrography and whole-rock chemistry of jadeite rocks from the RSJC presented in this paper leads to significant clarification. A major argument against R-type genesis is that the metasomatic mass transfer required to produce jadeitite and jadeite-rich rocks from any normal igneous protolith is prohibitively complex. Using whole-rock, major-element compositions, we show that many members of the matrix-quartz-bearing rock suite from the RSJC can be derived by isochemical HP/LT metamorphism of normal oceanic plagiogranites subducted together with oceanic crust. Isocon analysis shows, furthermore, that more jadeite-rich rock types and also members of the matrix-quartz-free suite can be derived from such plagiogranites primarily by straightforward desilication, a realistic scenario in a serpentine-rich environment. The quartz inclusions found in jadeite crystals of the matrix-quartz-free suite corroborate a genetic path in which the plagioclase in a plagiogranite protolith reacts to jadeite + quartz. Later desilication and the formation of albite in the Si-undersaturated rock matrix leave tell-tale quartz inclusions as relics in jadeite crystals.
Mesoarchean to Paleoproterozoic Crustal Evolution of the Belomorian Province, Fennoscandian Shield, and the Tectonic Setting of Eclogites
Authors: Slabunov A.I. , Balagansky V.V. , Shchipansky A.A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract—The Belomorian Province (BP) of the Fennoscandian Shield is a high-grade belt composed of Meso- to Neoarchean tonalite– trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) gneisses with subordinate supracrustal complexes. The Belomorian crust is underlined by a thick mantle keel, a structural element typical of Archean cratons. Belomorian rocks were metamorphosed under conditions of mainly high-pressure amphibolite to granulite facies in both Archean and Paleoproterozoic times. The TTG gneisses contain numerous blocks of almost completely retrogressed eclogite (eclogite-1). This paragenetic association of eclogite-1 and gneisses can be classified as an Archean eclogite–TTG gneiss mélange, a component of the Belomorian continental crust produced by subductional, accretionary, and collisional processes of the Belomorian collisional orogeny 2.9–2.66 Ga. The Paleoproterozoic history of the BP comprises of two prominent tectonic periods: (i) early Paleoproterozoic (~2.5–2.4 Ga), related to a superplume, and (ii) late Paleoproterozoic (2.0–1.85 Ga), resulted from crustal reworking during the Lapland–Kola collisional orogeny that produced strong penetrative metamorphic and local deformational overprint. The Paleoproterozoic highest-grade metamorphic overprint is represented by patches of eclogites (eclogite-2) in Paleoproterozoic mafic dikes and eclogite-1. Field relations between eclogite-1 and eclogite-2 are described in the Gridino area of the western coast of the White Sea. So, the BP is a high-grade polymetamorphic belt formed by a superposition of the Neoarchean Belomorian and Paleoproterozoic Lapland–Kola orogenies, whose characteristic features are eclogites produced by subduction and collision.
The Bystrinskoe Earthquake in the Southern Baikal Region (21 September 2020,Mw= 5.4): Main Parameters, Precursors, and Accompanying Effects
Authors: Seminsky K.Zh. , Bornyakov S.A. , Dobrynina A.A. , Radziminovich N.A. , Rasskazov S.V. , San’kov V.A. , Mialle P. , Bobrov A.A. , Il’yasova A.M. , Salko D.V. , San’kov A.V. , Seminsky A.K. , Chebykin E.P. , Shagun A.N. , German V.I. , Tubanov Ts.A. , Ulzibat M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract––We present the preliminary results of a study of the Bystrinskoe earthquake, which occurred in the southern Baikal region on 21 September 2020 and was accompanied by shaking with an intensity of VI–VII on the MSK-64 scale in the epicentral area and with an intensity of V in large cities of southern East Siberia (Irkutsk, Angarsk, Usolye-Sibirskoe, Zakamensk, etc.). A preliminary characteristic of the seismic event is given on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of seismological, structural-tectonic, strain, emanation, and hydrogeochemical data obtained during the monitoring of hazardous geologic processes in the Baikal natural territory. We have estimated the seismologic parameters of the Bystrinskoe earthquake, characterized the accompanying phenomena, and identified the effects that are of interest as probable precursors of future strong earthquakes in the Baikal region. The data obtained suggest that the earthquake occurred in the zone of the Main Sayan Fault as a result of strike-slip movement along the W–NW fault. The earthquake focus was apparently located at a shallow depth, as evidenced by the duration of the shocks, macroseismic manifestations, and the strong rumble heard at different directions from the epicenter.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to IgA class autoantibodies
Authors: Sokol R.J. , Booker DJ. , Stamps R. , Booth J.R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia clue to warm-reacting autoantibod-ies solely of the IgA class is very rare, and only live cases were identified among 5,177 patients referred during 13.5 years. All were females Cages 21-69 years) and all presented with idiopathic “Coombs negative1' autoimmune hemolytic anemia, a. diagnosis that was confirmed using monospecific anti-human IgA reagents. Red cell-bound IgG was reduced, but in two patients IgM was initially increased, an occurrence that was thought to reflect the developing autoimmune response. The autoantibodies had high affinity for red cells with very little free antibody detectable in the serum; in two instances Rh specificity was evident. Hemolysis was severe in four patients. Two of them had intravascular hemolysis, one of whom also had marked dyserythropoiesis and a transiently positive Ham′s test. Although IgA autoantibodies caused hemolysis predominantly through immune adherence, on occasions they also seemed to be able to induce complement activation, possibly via the alternative pathway. Prednisolone was the mainstay of treatment, and was occasionally augmented with azathioprine and intravenous immunoglobulin. Blood transfusion was required in two patients, both of whom eventually required splenectomy that resulted in full remission. The one patient with mild hemolysis recovered without treatment.
Immunohematology
1996;12:14-19.
Dealing with brittleness in the design of expert systems for immunohematology
Authors: Guerlain S.A. , Smith P.J. , Obradovich J.H. , Rudmann S. , Strohm P. , Smith J.W. , Svirbely J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In recent years, there has been increased discussion about the potential of expert systems to support medical decision-making tasks, including applications in clinical laboratory settings. This study provides data regarding the cognitive errors that technologists make on an important problem-solving task: the identification of antibodies in a patient’s blood. It explores alternative designs for expert systems developed to reduce such errors. It also evaluates the effects of these alternative designs on the ability of the users to effectively stay “in the loop,” applying their own expertise and judgment while using the computer as a tool to assist with their analyses. A pilot study was conducted involving 32 certified medical technologists, which compared two alternative roles for the computer: (1) use of the computer to automatically complete subtasks upon request, and (2) use of the computer as a monitoring device to critique technologists as they completed the analyses themselves. The system design that automatically completed subtasks for the technologist induced a 29 percent increase in errors relative to the design that critiqued technologists as they completed the analyses themselves.
ABO genotyping—identification of O1, O1*
, and O2
alleles using the polymerase chain reaction–sequence specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO) technique
Authors: Mifsud N.A. , Haddad A.P. , Condon J.A. , Sparrow R.L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
ABO polymorphism at the gene level has been investigated by molecular methods, predominantly sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). We describe the application of the polymerase chain reaction–sequence specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO) method, which is considered to be more versatile for large sample numbers, compared with conventional ABO genotyping by PCR-RFLP. PCR-SSO, while maintaining accurate and reliable results, reduces costs and labor. A population of 155 random individuals was investigated for the three O alleles, O1, O1*, and O2
. The allelic frequencies were 35 percent, 26 percent, and 5 percent, respectively. PCR-SSO results correlated completely with both serologic and PCR-RFLP results.
The r′ gene is overrepresented in hrB-negative individuals
Authors: Beal C.L. , Oliver C.K. , Mallory D.M. , Issitt P.D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A screening program was implemented to identify hrB– donors. D– C+, D–C–, and D+C– samples from African-American donors were typed with multiple examples of anti-hrB and anti-hrB-like, and one example each of anti-V and anti-VS. Of 75 D–C+ donors, 4 (5%) typed as hrB–, and 14 others had weak or variable expression of hrB. Of these 18 individuals, 15 were V–VS+, and 3 were V+VS+. No hrB– sample was found in 90 C– donors, 26 of whom were V+VS+, and 1 was V–VS+. A review of our records of 44 hrB– patients and donors studied earlier revealed that at least 12, and possibly as many as 30, carried r′ or r′s
. All hrB– donors found in our screening program had D–C+VS+ RBCs, indicating an overrepresentation of r′. Our record review also showed that the presence of r′ and r′s
more often results in hrB– RBCs, and that the most effective way to screen for hrB– donors is to type African Americans who have D–C+ RBCs.
Immunohematology
1995;11:74–77.
Detection of Lewis, P1, and some MNS blood group system antibodies by a solid phase assay
Authors: Rolih S. , Thomas R. , Sinor L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Some solid phase red cell adherence (SPRCA) assays arc designed to detect IgG antibodies to red blood cell (RBC) antigens. These assays use anti-IgG-coated red cells as the indicator. It is reported that most antibodies to Lea, Leb, P1, M, and N fail to react by solid phase (SP), presumably because they are IgM antibodies. Those detected are assumed to be IgG. In one year, during routine testing using SPRCA to screen patients for intended RBC transfusion, 28 of 59 such examples were found to react: anti-Lea(9), -Leb(1), -M(14), -N(1), and -P1(3). A study was undertaken to determine if reactivity was due to crosslinking by IgM antibodies of antigen-positive indicator RBCs to antigen-positive reagent RBC monolayers, or due to detection of IgG antibodies. Antibodies were tested according to standard SP protocols, except where IgG-neutralized indicator RBCs were substituted for anti-IgG-active indicator cells. The 59 samples were retested with antigen-positive and antigen-negative indicator RBCs. Only 5 of 59 reacted optimally when antigen-positive indicator cells were used: anti-Lea(2), -Leb(1), -M(1), and -N(1). The reactions of all antibodies were abolished when the anti-IgG component of the indicator was neutralized by soluble IgG. These findings show that detection of most Lewis, P1, M, and N antibodies by SPRCA is dependent on the presence of an IgG antibody in the serum.
Immunohematology
1995;11:78–80.
Correlation of monocyte monolayer assays and posttransfusion survival of Yt(a+) red cells in patients with anti-Yva
Authors: Eckrich R.J. , Mallory D.M. , Sandler S.G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Anti-Yta is an antibody to a high-frequency (99.8%) antigen and has been reported to have variable clinical significance. A retrospective review of monocyte monolayer assay (MMA) results on sera from 79 patients with anti-Yta was conducted to determine the reliability of this assay to predict the clinical significance of anti-Yta. Results of the MMA, other serological tests, and patient transfusion histories were analyzed. The MMA was found to be a reliable predictor of the clinical significance of anti-Yta when samples for analysis were collected at least six weeks after initial detection of the antibody. Only 18.2 percent of those examples of anti-Yta tested appeared to be clinically significant.
Immunohematology
1995;11:81–84.
Review: platelet immunology—similarities and differences with red cell immunology
Authors: Garratty G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In many ways platelet and red blood cell (RBC) immunology are similar, but there are important differences. At least 272 RBC antigens have been described. These have been placed into 22 systems (194 antigens), 7 collections (20 antigens), and 2 series (high-frequency antigens [12] and low-frequency antigens [46])1. Platelets express human leukocyte antigens (HLA) (class 1 only), ABH, P (not P1), Lewis, I, and platelet-specific antigens on their membranes. Platelet-specific antigens can be classified into five biallelic systems, originally called PlA1 (Zw), Ko(Sib), Bak, Yuk (Pen), and Br. Each system includes a high-frequency antigen occurring in 96 percent to >99 percent of the population, and homozygosity for a lower-frequency antigen, occurring in 4 percent to <1 percent of the population. In addition, a number of additional low-frequency (private) antigens (e.g., Moa, Caa, Sra, Vaa, Iya, Pea, Groa, Maxa) have been described.2−4 Like RBC antigens and antibodies, platelet-specific antigens and antibodies were first named using letters from the name of the propositus (e.g., Bak, Br, Yuk).