bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and glycosylated ferritin in patients with idiopathic recurrent pericarditis and adult-onset Still's disease
Authors: Myachikova V. Yu. , Maslyansky A. L. , Tkachenko O. Yu. , Pervakova M. Yu. , Kuvardin E. S. , Lapin S. V. 
Published: December 2021

Idiopathic recurrent pericarditis (IRP) and adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) are polygenic autoinflammatory diseases, in the pathogenesis of which pro-inflammatory cytokines from the interleukin-1 superfamily play a central role.Aim. To compare serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and glycosylated ferritin (GF) in patients with IRP and AOSD during an exacerbation.Material and methods. The study included 15 patients with AOSD, 15 — IRP. The diagnosis of AOSD was established using the Yamaguchi criteria (1992). IRP was diagnosed in accordance with the 2015 European Society of Cardiology on the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases. Blood sampling from all patients was carried out during the recurrence period prior to the anti-inflammatory therapy initiation. The serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-18 (IL-18), procalcitonin, total ferritin and GF was assessed. The results obtained were compared with levels of biochemical parameters, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as with white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil counts.Results. The median age in the AOSD group was 28 years, and the IRP — 55 years. An increase WBC count >10*109/L was detected in 10 and 9 patients in the AOSD and IRP groups, respectively. The concentration of CRP was increased in all patients and did not differ in the study groups (p=0,836).The highest values of ferritin and GF levels were found in the AOSD group (1416 ng/ml vs 408 ng/ml, p=0,008) and (12% vs 33,9%, p=0,067), respectively. In both groups, increased concentrations of IL-6 and IL-18 were determined. In the AOSD group, the concentration of IL-18 was higher than in the IRP group (2114 pg/ml vs 161,5 pg/ml, p<0,001). IL-6 concentrations in the study groups did not differ (33,9 pg/ml vs 24,9 pg/ml, p=0,4). IL-1β serum concentration in all subjects corresponded to normal values.Correlation analysis in the AOSD group revealed a direct relationship between the IL-18 and ferritin concentrations (rs=0,73, p=0,03).Conclusion. The study established a similar pattern of changes in inflammatory biomarkers in patients with AOSD and IRI. The most informative marker of inflammation was IL-18.
Right heart condition in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Poteshkina N. G. , Krylova N. S. , Karasev A. A. , Nikitina T. A. , Svanadze A. M. , Beloglazova I. P. , Kovalevskaya E. A. , Barakhanov K. A. , Lysenko M. A. , Ibragimova A. M. , Smorshchok V. N. 
Published: December 2021

Aim. To assess right heart condition in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.Material and methods. One hundred and five patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were divided into 3 groups depending on the involvement of lung parenchyma: group I — 0-25%, II — 25-50%, III — 50-75%. The clinical status of patients was assessed using the NEWS2 and SHOKS-COVID scales. A complete blood count and biochemical blood tests were performed to determine the level of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and troponin I. Echocardiography was performed to assess the right heart structural, hemodynamic and functional parameters.Results. In patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, with an increase in lung parenchyma involvement, the intensity of systemic inflammatory response increased: C-reactive protein, group I — (4 [1,9; 35] mg/l), in III — (70,5 [33; 144] mg/l) (pI-III=0,012); myocardial stress marker level increased: NT-proBNP, group I — 77 [48; 150] ng/l, group III — 165 [100; 287] ng/l (pI-III=0,047). The dependence of NT-proBNP on C-reactive protein level was revealed (r=0,335, p=0,03). Intergroup comparison did not reveal significant differences between the main right heart functional parameters: TAPSE, Tei index (PW and TDI), FAC of the right ventricle (RV) (p>0,05). However, differences in the tricuspid annular peaks were found as follows: group I — 0,14 [0,12; 0,14] m/s, group II — 0,14 [0,12; 0,15] m/s, group III — 0,16 [0,14; 0,17] m/s (pI-II=0,012, pI-III=0,014) and RV global longitudinal strain: group I — 19,63±7,72%, group III — 27,4±5,93% (pI-III=0,014). The relationship between the RV global longitudinal strain and SHOKS-COVID score was confirmed (r=0,381; p=0,024).Conclusion. Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia showed no signs of right heart dysfunction. The development of RV hyperfunction was noted. Most likely, this is a compensatory mechanism in response to acute RV afterload. NT-proBNP increase under conditions of an inflammatory response may indicate myocardial stress. The results obtained allow to expand our understanding of the right heart condition in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
To understanding the effects of conditioning thinking: about new book of Terrence Webster-Doyle
Authors: Belkin Anton I. 
Published: December 2021

Review of the book Mind Games: towards understanding the nature of prejudice and conflict, or how to learn to live in peace by Terrence Webster-Doyle. Mind Games: To understand the roots of prejudice and how to learn live peacefully: a scientific and educational publication. T. Webster-Doyle. Samara Cultural Society Artifact-Cultural Diversity. Samara: Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2020. 55 p.
Reviewer considers that T. Webster-Doyles book is a brilliant example of how conflicts can be resolved most effectively without theorized distraction. T. Webster-Doyles book is small in volume, but very significant in content. The author offers a real program for taming the conflicts and violence that fill the entire human history. Until now, there is a clear lack of research on the universal determinants of the emergence and dynamics of conflict. A paradoxical situation arises when methods of conflict resolution are studied and modified, despite the fact that its initial determinants are not accurately determined. The models of taming conflicts that are being replicated in the social sciences almost do not solve the very problem of overcoming violence in society. Note that T. Webster-Doyle defines her book as the most significant work of her life. The author proposes an original approach to the determination of the conflict and defines the ways of its resolution in direct relationship with the understanding of its determinants. Also, the advantage of the book is a good literary presentation of the material. T. Webster-Doyle views conflict as a phenomenon created by the human mind, which at the same time, in a paradox, is trying to solve a problem which it itself creates. This work is devoted to the study of the determinants of conflict, which are considered comprehensively in the relationship of biological and social determinants: as generated by genetically programmed brain programs and at the same time as a function of peoples perception of the world around them and each other. The author notes that the universal basis of biological programming is the general motivation the desire to survive. Consequently, this work presents a program for resolving the conflict based on a comprehensive consideration of the conflict as a sociobiological phenomenon, which is based on the conditioned thinking of a person (primordial biological protection of his brain). The advantage of the book is its versatility. The author does not just consider the problem of the conflict, its components, the parties to the conflict, conflict genes, the incident, etc. He is looking for an approach that allows you to take a fresh look at this problem and find ways to prevent and destroy the conflict.
Association between BrainAgeR scores and Alzhemier’s disease brain and plasma biomarkers
Authors: Abughofah Yousaf , Risacher Shannon L. 
Published: December 2021

Background: The goal of this project was to study the association between the age scores assigned by the BrainAgeR computer algorithm and AD biomarker levels in the blood and brain.
Methods: 123 individuals from the Indiana Memory and Aging Study underwent amyloid ([18F]florbetapir or [18F]florbetaben) and Tau [18F]flortaucipir PET. Another set of 156 individuals from the Indiana Memory and Aging Study underwent plasma testing for Amyloid B 40/42, Tau and neurofilament light chain (NFL). Additionally, all participants underwent structural MRI and were processed using BrainAgeR to receive a “brain age” score. Partial Person correlation models were used to evaluate the relationship between BrainAge difference scores (Chronological age-BrainAge) and levels of Amyloid and Tau in the brain and plasma. Age and diagnosis were evaluated as covariates but did not change the observed pattern of results.
Results: Significant negative association between BrainAge difference scores and Tau uptake was observed across the neuroimaging group. This correlation persisted when analysis was limited to MCI/AD subjects but was lost when analysis was only limited to CN/SCD subjects. Across all participants in the neuroimaging group, significant negative associations were found between BrainAge differences and the levels of Amyloid deposition in the global cortex. Significant positive association was found between AB42/40 ratio and BrainAge difference scores across the entire plasma group. Significant negative relationships found between NFL and AB40 and BrainAge difference scores when analyzed in the CN/SCD group, but no statistically significant relationship was found when only the MCI/AD group was analyzed.
Conclusion: BrainAge difference scores had a statistically significant association with various biomarkers of AD depending on the level of diagnosis, with cognitively normal and less impaired subjects showing an association with plasma amyloid and more impaired subjects showing an association with Tau deposition in the brain. Future studies in larger samples are warranted.
Mineralized Tissue Changes Within the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Entheses Following a Tear
Authors: Nguyen Nicholas , Schlecht Stephen 
Published: December 2021

Background: Thirty-percent of patients under 20 years of age suffer a primary ACL graft failure. Young patients show significant bone loss at the femoral ACL-bone insertion site (enthesis). We hypothesize that active bone resorption during ACL graft fixation contributes to poor graft survival in the young. We investigated distal femoral and entheseal bone morphology changes after injury in a novel mouse model to determine if previously reported post-injury patient condition anti-translates to the mouse. Confirmation of a similar condition across species will allow us to use this model to spatially and temporally track physiologic processes within this critical region.

Methods: We induced an in vivo ACL rupture in 24 10-week C57BL/6J female mice and sacrificed them at 7 and 28 post-injury. Both loaded ipsilateral and non-loaded contralateral knees were 3D imaged and distal femoral and ACL entheseal cortical regions have begun being analyzed. Traits analyzed include 1) cortical (Ct.) mean gray-value density, area (Ar.), thickness (Th.), and bone volume fraction (BV/TV) Statistics: two-way ANOVA and Tukey posthoc.

Results: So far, mice are temporally demonstrating bone differences between injured and non-injured knees similar to that of patients at the time of ACL reconstructive surgery. By 7 days there is a steep decline in whole distal femoral epiphysis and ACL femoral entheseal Ct.Ar (-19.84% and -11.46%, respectively) and Ct.Th (-8.09% and -3.52%, respectively). The trend in Ct.Ar loss holds at 28 days (-40.95% and -8.32%, respectively), but not in Ct.Th, which substantially increases (6.26% and 11.05%, respectively).

Conclusion: It appears bone loss is rapid following injury, and that by 28 days there is increased porosity within the cortex with new periosteal/endosteal bone formation counteracting this. If true, particularly within the entheseal region, this may prove problematic for long-term graft outcomes when surgery is performed at the time of significant macrophagic activity.
Association Between Neonatal Gut Microbiome and Infant Wheeze
Authors: Seay Aileen E. , Ross Sydney E. , Hemmerich Christopher M. , Rusch Douglas B. , Kloepfer Kirsten M. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects 10% of children. Infant wheeze at 1 year and the subsequent development of asthma in early childhood has been associated with infant gut dysbiosis. However, little is known about the relationship between neonatal gut microbiome and the development of wheeze during the first 18 months of life. We hypothesize that the gut microbiome at birth and throughout the first 18 months of life is associated with infant wheeze.
Project Methods: Stool samples were collected from infants at birth, 1, 3, and 12 months of age. The Illumina Miseq system was used to sequence the bacterial V4 region of 16S-rRNA gene. Mothur software was used for analysis. Statistical analysis was used to measure stool shannon diversity and evenness as they relate to timepoint and wheeze vs no wheeze groups.
Results: The study population consisted of 28 infants (18 males and 10 females). 11% of participants reported they had been diagnosed with wheeze by a physician (n=3). Statistical analysis of shannon diversity showed no differences in the stool between participants who wheeze vs those who do not wheeze (p=0.78). No difference in stool evenness was detected between participants who reported wheeze vs no wheeze (p=0.71). However, this analysis includes multiple timepoints. Analysis of stool shannon diversity across timepoints did show a significant difference in stool microbiome (p=0.01).
Conclusion: No differences in stool microbiome were found between infants who do not wheeze and those who do. Further studies can investigate a greater number of samples at each timepoint and relate these to objective measures such as pulmonary function tests. Understanding the association between infant gut dysbiosis and wheeze could have implications for predicting development of asthma in early childhood and potentially lead to targeted interventions.
Osteal Macrophages and Megakaryocytes Increase Adipogenesis
Authors: Tewari Nikhil , Kanagasabapathy Deepa , Blosser Rachel J. , Srour Edward F. , Bruzzaniti Angela , Kacena Melissa A. 
Published: December 2021

Bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) increases with aging and contributes to low bone density and skeletal fractures. However, the cells and factors within the bone marrow (BM) that regulate adipogenesis remain poorly understood. In the current study, we examined the role of osteal macrophages (OMs) and megakaryocytes (MKs) on the regulation of adipogenesis. We cultured murine osteoblasts/osteoblast progenitors (OBs from hereon) derived from neonatal calvarial cells (CCs, a combination of OBs and OMs) or OBs isolated by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) in the presence or absence of fetal liver derived murine MK. The cells underwent induced adipogenesis for 5-7 days by supplementation of media with insulin, indomethacin, and dexamethasone, and then the number of adipocytes was quantified. We found that co-culturing MKs and OMs with OBs results in up to a 7.8-fold and 11.7-fold increase in adipocytes, respectively. We also elucidated that thrombopoietin (TPO), the major growth factor for MKs, inhibits adipogenesis in both OBs and CCs by approximately 60%. Similarly, we found that CCs and OBs derived from mice deficient in the TPO receptor, Mpl, had approximately 30% more adipocytes than their wild-type (WT) counterparts. Finally, in vitro findings were corroborated in vivo through quantification of MKs and adipocytes in mice in which MK number was elevated or reduced. Mice with significantly higher numbers of BM-residing MKs also had significantly higher numbers of BM-residing adipocytes. Because there is typically an inverse relationship between adipogenesis and osteogenesis, understanding ways to inhibit adipogenesis could lead to an increase in OB number and bone formation, which in turn could lead to new treatments for bone loss diseases such as osteoporosis.
Instability in Patients with Lumbar Spine Disease or Fusion Undergoing Posterior Approach vs. Lateral Approach Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Parihar Amritdev , Deckard Evan R. , Buller Leonard T. , Meneghini R. Michael 
Published: December 2021

Background and Hypothesis:
Dislocation rates after total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with fixed spinopelvic motion due to lumbar spine disease or fusion have been reported as high as 20%. Few studies exist that compare dislocation rates in patients with spine pathology undergoing THA via different surgical approaches. The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative dislocation rates in patients with lumbar spine disease or fusion between those undergoing a primary THA using a posterior versus direct lateral surgical approach.

Experimental Design or Project Methods:
With IRB approval, 1,205 primary THAs performed by two surgeons were retrospectively reviewed. One surgeon routinely performs THAs with a posterior approach while the other surgeon routinely uses a direct lateral approach. Chart review from the electronic medical record was conducted to identify patients who have lumbar spine disease or a lumbar spine fusion. Dislocations for patients with and without lumbar spine disease were compared by posterior approach and direct lateral approach.

Results:
767 posterior approach and 431 direct lateral approach THAs were available for analysis. 43.6% of all THAs had lumbar spine pathology (337/767 posterior and 185/431 direct lateral). The overall dislocation rate was 1.26% (15/1195). The main predictors of dislocation in binary logistic regression were the presence of lumbar spine pathology (OR 5.24, 95% CI: 1.47–18.69, p=0.018) and posterior surgical approach (OR 7.93, 95% CI: 1.04–60.6, p=0.046). The dislocation rate for direct lateral approach THAs with lumbar spine pathology was significantly lower compared to posterior approach THAs with lumbar spine pathology (0.0% vs 3.6%, p=0.011).

Conclusion and Potential Impact:
Although there were few dislocations, the study results suggest a direct lateral approach for primary THA may be beneficial to reduce postoperative dislocation for patients with limited spinopelvic motion due to lumbar spine pathology.
A Comparison of the Accuracy of WATCHMAN and WATCHMAN FLX Device Sizing between CT, TEE, and Patient Specific 3D Models
Authors: Troitino Ivette , White T. Eric , Lozo John 
Published: December 2021

Background and Hypothesis: In patients with Atrial fibrillation (AF), the Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) is the most common site of thrombus formation. The LAA occlusion procedure using the WATCHMAN device implant is an alternative for stroke prevention in AF patients. Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) and Computed tomography (CT) scans aid in measuring the LAA to predict implant device sizes. However, due to varying LAA anatomy and limited spatial resolution, the current imaging techniques often predict one of two sized devices. The objective of this retrospective study is to compare the accuracy of measurements made preoperatively of the LAA with those on 3D models to determine if they can be used in preoperative planning. We hypothesize 3D models will be more accurate in predicting device size and any anatomical impediments than traditional TEE planning.
Project Methods: There were 21 subjects selected who underwent the WATCHMAN FLX procedure at Parkview Heart Institute in 2021. 3D models of LAA were created from CT scans using a Form 2 3D printer. The device sizes predicted for the procedure were determined from Boston Scientific FLX guidelines based on the maximum LAA orifice diameter from TEE, CT, and 3D models.
Results: Two-proportion z-test between the 3D model predicted sizes to the actual size deployed demonstrated no statistical significance (p=0.298) demonstrating no difference between 3D model predicted sizes and actual size deployed. Two-proportion z-test between TEE vs actual size and CT vs actual size demonstrated statistical significance, suggesting a difference between the group's predictions. 3D models predicted the accurate device size for 20/21(95%) subjects. TEE measurements of maximum orifice diameter were, on average, lower compared to CT and 3D model measurements.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: 3D printed models provide the most accurate device size predictions and can be used to optimize presurgical planning while reducing intraoperative complications.
Effective Telehealth – Open Heart Readmissions
Authors: Rao Varun , GeRue Michael , Gray Douglas 
Published: December 2021

Background
The purpose of this study is to compare open heart surgery (OHS) Telehealth patients (TP) and non-Telehealth patients (NTP) using outcomes data such as hospital readmission, emergency department (ED) presentations, observation hours, and office visits. Visits for atrial fibrillation (Afib), pleural effusions (PE), and sternal wound complications (SWC) are of particular interest for this study.

Methods
A retrospective chart review of 110 patients above 18 years old who had OHS at Parkview Heart Institute from 2020 were assessed using hospital readmissions, ED presentations, observation hours, and office visits outcomes. Separate forms for blinding, demographic data, and surgery information were completed for every patient. A Telehealth form was completed out for every Telehealth intervention had per TP. An outcomes form was completed for each outcome had by each patient. TP outcomes were compared with NTP outcomes. Fisher’s exact test and X2 was used for statistical analysis (p=0.05).

Results
Results display a sample size of the total patient population (110/436). There was no significant difference found between NTP and TP in terms of office visits (79.5% vs 93%, p=0.598), readmissions (3 vs 6, p=0.889), and observation visits (0 vs 3, p=0.558). Significance was found between NTP and TP in terms of ED visits (0 vs 9, p=0.025). Most frequent reason for NTP readmission “other” (7.7%) and TP “other” (4.2%), reason for ED visit for NTP (all 0%) and TP “other” (7.0%), reason for observation visit for NTP (all 0%) and TP “other” (1.4%), reason for office visit for NTP “other” (76.9%) and TP “other” (91.5%).

Conclusion
TP presented to the ED significantly more than NTP. The largest outcome category was “surgery follow up” office visits listed in the “other” section. Data collection and analysis are in progress. At the time of writing this abstract, final results are not yet available.