bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Hypoglycaemic Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase–4 Inhibitors and Biguanide on Type-2 Diabetic subjects: A six months trial
Authors: Ms. Naghma , Khan Sadia M Azam , Khan Atta Ullah , Ahmed Zahoor , Umar Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Shabbir 
Published: January 2021

Objective: This trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of oral hypoglycemic agents on diabetic control and biochemical parameters of known diabetic subjects.
Introduction: T2DM occurs due to abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate, proteins and lipids leading to increased blood glucose characterized by polyuria and polydypsia due to relative 5deficiency or lack of insulin. Beside dietary control and insulin therapy, various oral hypoglycemic such as sulfonylurea biguanide, thiazolidinedione, DPP–4 inhibitors, glucagon–like peptide inhibitors and SGL2.

Material and Methods: This comparative trial was carried out on previously diagnosed type–2 diabetic subjects. This trial was conducted at health care centers of District Nowshehra viz. NMC Nowshehra, DHQ Hospital Nowshehra, and ICS, Peshawar in collaboration with KMC and PIMC Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 200 known diabetic subjects were randomly recruited on the basis of predetermined selection criteria and were splited into two groups. Group A having 100 diabetic subjects was given DPP–4 inhibitor; Sitagliptin 50 mg two times a day alone for six (06) months while Group B comprising of 100 patients were treated with combination of DPP–4 inhibitor (Sitagliptin 50 mg 1BD) and Metformin in a dose of 500 mg two times a day. Venous blood samples were taken from each patient in both fasting (10–12 hour night long fast) and random (2 hour post prandial) state. FBS, RBS, HbA1C, S. creatinine and fasting S. lipid profile were determined by using spectrophotometric colorimetric methods using kits (procured from Elitech, Spain) at 03 and 06 months follow up. Inclusion criteria was subjects with T2DM of age 18 years and above. T2DM patients on insulin, diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy were excluded. The data was analyzed by using SPSS software version 20.
Results: Significant results (p < 0.05) were seen for glycemic control (FBS, RBS, HbA1C) in Group B as compare to Group A patients.
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Bulge and Disk Stellar Population Properties in Cluster Galaxies
Authors: Barsanti S. , Owers M. S. , McDermid R. M. , Bekki K. , Bland-Hawthorn J. , Brough S. , Bryant J. J. , Cortese L. , Croom S. M. , Foster C. , Lawrence J. S. , López-Sánchez Á. R. , Oh S. , Robotham A. S. G. , Scott N. , Sweet S. M. , Sande J. van de 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We explore stellar population properties separately in the bulge and the disk of double-component cluster galaxies, to shed light on the formation of lenticular galaxies in dense environments. We study eight low-redshift clusters from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field Galaxy Survey, using two-dimensional photometric bulge–disk decomposition in the g, r, and i bands to characterize galaxies. For 192 double-component galaxies with M
* > 1010
M
⊙, we estimate the color, age, and metallicity of the bulge and the disk. The analysis of the g − i colors reveals that bulges are redder than their surrounding disks, with a median offset of 0.12 ± 0.02 mag, consistent with previous results. To measure mass-weighted age and metallicity, we investigate three methods: (i) one based on galaxy stellar mass weights for the two components, (ii) one based on flux weights, and (iii) one based on radial separation. The three methods agree in finding 62% of galaxies having bulges that are 2–3 times more metal-rich than the disks. Of the remaining galaxies, 7% have bulges that are more metal-poor than the disks, while for 31%, the bulge and disk metallicities are not significantly different. We observe 23% of galaxies being characterized by bulges older and 34% by bulges younger with respect to the disks. The remaining 43% of galaxies have bulges and disks with statistically indistinguishable ages. Redder bulges tend to be more metal-rich than the disks, suggesting that the redder color in bulges is due to their enhanced metallicity relative to the disks instead of differences in stellar population age.
X-Ray Redshifts for Obscured AGN: A Case Study in the J1030 Deep Field
Authors: Peca Alessandro , Vignali Cristian , Gilli Roberto , Mignoli Marco , Nanni Riccardo , Marchesi Stefano , Bolzonella Micol , Brusa Marcella , Cappelluti Nico , Comastri Andrea , Lanzuisi Giorgio , Vito Fabio 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present a procedure to constrain the redshifts of obscured (

) active galactic nuclei (AGN) based on low count statistics X-ray spectra, which can be adopted when photometric and/or spectroscopic redshifts are unavailable or difficult to obtain. We selected a sample of 54 obscured AGN candidates on the basis of their X-ray hardness ratio,

, in the Chandra deep field (∼479 ks, 335 arcmin2) around the z = 6.3 QSO SDSS J1030+0524. The sample has a median value of ≈80 net counts in the 0.5–7 keV energy band. We estimate reliable X-ray redshift solutions taking advantage of the main features in obscured AGN spectra, like the Fe 6.4 keV

emission line, the 7.1 keV Fe absorption edge, and the photoelectric absorption cutoff. The significance of such features is investigated through spectral simulations, and the derived X-ray redshift solutions are then compared with photometric redshifts. Both photometric and X-ray redshifts are derived for 33 sources. When multiple solutions are derived by any method, we find that combining the redshift solutions of the two techniques improves the rms by a factor of 2. Using our redshift estimates (

), we derived absorbing column densities in the range

and absorption-corrected, 2–10 keV rest-frame luminosities between

and 1045 erg s−1, with median values of

and

, respectively. Our results suggest that the adopted procedure can be applied to current and future X-ray surveys for sources detected only in X-rays or that have uncertain photometric or single-line spectroscopic redshifts.
Ultrafaint Dwarfs in a Milky Way Context: Introducing the Mint Condition DC Justice League Simulations
Authors: Applebaum Elaad , Brooks Alyson M. , Christensen Charlotte R. , Munshi Ferah , Quinn Thomas R. , Shen Sijing , Tremmel Michael 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present results from the “Mint” resolution DC Justice League suite of Milky Way–like zoom-in cosmological simulations, which extend our study of nearby galaxies down into the ultrafaint dwarf (UFD) regime for the first time. The mass resolution of these simulations is the highest ever published for cosmological Milky Way zoom-in simulations run to z = 0, with initial star (dark matter) particle masses of 994 (17900) M
⊙, and a force resolution of 87 pc. We study the surrounding dwarfs and UFDs, and find that the simulations match the observed dynamical properties of galaxies with −3 > M

V
> −19, and reproduce the scatter seen in the size–luminosity plane for r

h
≳ 200 pc. We predict the vast majority of nearby galaxies will be observable by the Vera Rubin Observatory’s coadded Legacy Survey of Space and Time. We additionally show that faint dwarfs with velocity dispersions ≲5 km s−1 result from severe tidal stripping of the host halo. We investigate the quenching of UFDs in a hydrodynamical Milky Way context and find that the majority of UFDs are quenched prior to interactions with the Milky Way, though some of the quenched UFDs retain their gas until infall. Additionally, these simulations yield some unique dwarfs that are the first of their kind to be simulated, e.g., an H i-rich field UFD, a late-forming UFD that has structural properties similar to Crater 2, as well as a compact dwarf satellite that has no dark matter at z = 0.
Metamorphosis of a Dwarf Halo Density Profile under Dark Matter Decay
Authors: Chen Jianxiong , Chu M.-C. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We have studied the density profile of a dwarf halo in the decaying dark matter (DDM) cosmology, using a new algorithm that resolves halo density profiles down to the innermost 700 pc robustly with high efficiency. Following Schwarzschild’s orbit-based method, we have also developed a simplified model to calculate the DDM halo density profiles, which agree remarkably well with those from N-body simulations. Both zoom-in simulations and the simplified model reveal that dark matter decay leads to the flattening of the central density and an overall reduction of the density in dwarf halos, and the underlying physics mechanisms are well illustrated by the simplified model. The slowly rising scaled rotation curves of DDM dwarf halos agree with the observations of local dwarf galaxies. Our results suggest that DDM holds great potential for resolving the small-scale problems faced by the cold dark matter model.
powderday: Dust Radiative Transfer for Galaxy Simulations
Authors: Narayanan Desika , Turk Matthew J. , Robitaille Thomas , Kelly Ashley J. , McClellan B. Connor , Sharma Ray S , Garg Prerak , Abruzzo Matthew , Choi Ena , Conroy Charlie , Johnson Benjamin D. , Kimock Benjamin , Li Qi , Lovell Christopher C. , Lower Sidney , Privon George C. , Roberts Jonathan , Sethuram Snigdaa , Snyder Gregory F. , Thompson Robert , Wise John H. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present powderday (available at https://github.com/dnarayanan/powderday), a flexible, fast, open-source dust radiative transfer package designed to interface with both idealized and cosmological galaxy formation simulations. powderday builds on fsps stellar population synthesis models, and hyperion dust radiative transfer, and employs yt to interface between different software packages. We include our stellar population synthesis modeling on the fly, allowing significant flexibility in the assumed stellar physics and nebular line emission. The dust content follows either simple observationally motivated prescriptions (i.e., constant dust-to-metals ratios, or dust-to-gas ratios that vary with metallicity), direct modeling from galaxy formation simulations that include dust physics, as well as a novel approach that includes the dust content via learning-based algorithms from the simba cosmological galaxy formation simulation. Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) can additionally be included via a range of prescriptions. The output of these models are broadband (912 Å–1 mm) spectral energy distributions (SEDs), as well as filter-convolved monochromatic images. powderday is designed to eliminate last-mile efforts by researchers that employ different hydrodynamic galaxy formation models and seamlessly interfaces with gizmo, arepo, gasoline, changa, and enzo. We demonstrate the capabilities of the code via three applications: a model for the star formation rate–infrared luminosity relation in galaxies (including the impact of AGNs), the impact of circumstellar dust around AGB stars on the mid-infrared emission from galaxy SEDs, and the impact of galaxy inclination angle on dust attenuation laws.
Impact d’un ERP sur les processus de la qualité de l’information comptable et financière : cas de la société de production et de distribution d’eau potable au Cameroun
Authors: Ndzie Ndzie Aloys 
Published: January 2021

Dans ce papier nous voulons répondre à l’interrogation principale : le progiciel SAGE ERP X3 impacte-t-il la qualité de l’information comptable et financière produite ? L’objectif de notre recherche est d’examiner l’impact du logiciel ERP. X3 sur le processus de système d’information comptable et financier dans la société de production et distribution d’eau potable au Cameroun. Nous avons ainsi opté pour l’approche qualitative menée par 48 responsables de la Direction Générale et des Directions Régionales de ladite société. De l’analyse des données, il en ressort que des risques particuliers existent au niveau des interfaces.
L’effet de la motivation à se former sur l’efficacité de la formation e-learning
Authors: Louati Hanen 
Published: January 2021

La formation constitue désormais un pilier de la gestion de l’entreprise, auquel la GRH doit accorder l’importance qu’il se doit, d’autant qu’avec le développement des TIC, on assiste, depuis quelques années, à la modification des pratiques de la formation et à l’essor de l’e-learning. Plusieurs chercheurs ont montré que les caractéristiques individuelles de l’apprenant ont une influence sur l’efficacité de l’action de formation. En ce qui nous concerne, et dans le cadre de cette démarche, nous avons cherché à analyser l’efficacité de la formation e-learning qui s’effectue en contexte d’entreprise. Notre objectif est d’aborder cette question à travers le point de vue des apprenants, et d’analyser le lien qui existe entre la motivation de l’apprenant dans l’action de formation et l’efficacité de celle-ci dans le cadre d’une formation en e-learning. Cette recherche a été réalisée sur un échantillon composé de 250 cadres tunisiens évoluant dans une grande entreprise publique : La poste. Les résultats auxquels nous sommes parvenus conduisent à souligner, entre autres, le poids important de la motivation intrinsèque des apprenants dans l’amélioration des résultats des actions de formation e-learning.
Sens et performativité dans les discours de RSE
Authors: Sleiman Manal Wehbi , Aloui Adel , Baruel Bencherqui Dominique 
Published: January 2021

Cette recherche s’intéresse au sens et à la performativité dans les discours de RSE. Pour ce faire, nous avons réalisé une étude longitudinale, de 2004 à 2012, des rapports DD/RSE de l’entreprise Sanofi-Aventis, leader mondial de l’industrie pharmaceutique. Nos résultats montrent comment l’entreprise communique afin de tenir la performativité dans ses différents rapports de DD/RSE. Ainsi, les discours de RSE de Sanofi-Aventis correspondent à une quête de performativité exercée dans une dynamique permanente de « faire bien » et « faire mieux » tant au niveau du discours qu’au niveau de l’engagement et de « l’agir » en matière de RSE. La recherche a mis en avant que le discours de l’entreprise étudiée est performatif ce qui lui confère non seulement son sens mais également sa force stratégique en mettant en œuvre l’engagement socialement responsable de l’entreprise.
Quels indicateurs mobiliser pour piloter une cellule de reclassement et mesurer son efficacité dans le cadre d’un PSE ? Proposition d’une approche globale
Authors: Payre Sébastien , Tissioui Mohamed , Scouarnec Aline , Joffre Clémence 
Published: January 2021

Alors que de nombreuses restructurations ont lieu dans notre pays depuis une dizaine d’années, il serait possible de s’attendre à ce que de nombreux travaux s’intéressent aux Plans de Sauvegarde de l’Emploi mis en œuvre et en particulier vis-à-vis d’un dispositif RH facultatif qui peut être mobilisé dans ce cadre : la cellule de reclassement. À partir d’une revue de la littérature et de la mobilisation d’une recherche qualitative menée dans une branche professionnelle, nous démontrerons que la mesure et la construction d’indicateurs de pilotage laissent à désirer pour les cellules de reclassement.
Awareness, attitude, and practice of materiovigilance among medical professionals at a tertiary care institute of national importance
Authors: Meher Bikash Ranjan , Padhy Biswa Mohan , Srinivasan Anand , Mohanty Rashmi Ranjan 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Medical faculty and residents have a key role in the reporting of adverse events associated with medical devices. However, at present, there are no published data regarding their knowledge, attitude, and practice about materiovigilance in India.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey done among medical faculty and residents of a tertiary care institution of national importance. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions pertaining to knowledge, attitude, and practice of materiovigilance.

Results:
The questionnaire was administered to 138 medical faculty and residents, out of which 105 responded constituting a 76% response rate. The mean knowledge score of medical faculty and residents was 2.09 ± 1.06 and 2.07 ± 1.02, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.9). The majority of the participants (92.63%) believed that medical device can cause adverse events; however, very few of them (20.13%) have reported it during their practice.

Conclusion:
Requisite knowledge and appropriate attitude are essential for developing healthy practice toward reporting of adverse events associated with medical devices. Our study revealed that the knowledge gap exists among medical professionals about the reporting of adverse events and the materiovigilance program. A continuous effort is required to make them aware of the materiovigilance by conducting various training programs such as continuous medical education and workshops by the coordinators of the medical device adverse events monitoring center.
A Clinical Study of Hypothyroidism Associated With Type – 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ajmera Prakash , P Sailaja  , P Raghu Ramulu  
Published: January 2021

Background: Thyroid disorders are common in the general population and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is also rapidly increasing day by day. The objective is to determine the age and sex prevalence, pattern of presentation and management of patients suffering from hypothyroidism associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Methods: Design: The study was an observational study of 20 types 2 diabetics attending the Department of Medicine (outpatient/inpatient). Duration: 1 year i.e. from December 2004 – December 2005. Setting: Out-patient department. Participants:20 patients with both Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and Hypothyroidism. Patients with known diabetes attending OPD were considered. Data were collected using a standardized case report form. Results: The majority of the patients had got diagnosed with hypothyroidism and diabetes within a span of 0 to 5 years, followed by 6 to 9 years span with 4 patients and 3 patients within the span of 10 to 14 years and 2 patients in the span of 15 to 19 years. Only 1 patient was diagnosed with both in a span of 20- to 24 years and one patient in 25 to 29 years. Conclusion: Annual Screening is mandatory in all hypothyroid patients for the early detection and treatment of diabetes mellitus, thereby to prevent and/or postpone the complications of diabetes, and all diabetes mellitus patients to undergo thyroid function screening (TFT) yearly for the early detection of thyroid dysfunction and thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality.
Assessment of Inﬂammatory Markers IL- 6 and TNF- Alpha in Newly Diagnosed Type II Diabetics without Hypertension in Comparison with Non-Diabetic Normotensive Subjects
Authors: Jain Manoj Kumar , Jain Gunjan 
Published: January 2021

Background: The present study was conducted to assess inflammatory markers IL- 6 and TNF- alpha in newly diagnosed type II diabetics without hypertension. Subjects and Methods: 68 types of II diabetes mellitus patients and equal numbers of normotensive non-diabetic subjects were also recruited. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, TNF- alpha and IL- 6 were determined. Results: The mean IL- 6 level in group I was 17.4 pg/ml and in group II was 4.2 pg/ml. TNF- alpha level in group I was 35.8 pg/ml and in group II was 12.5 pg/ml. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: TNF- alpha and IL- 6 level was higher among diabetic patients as compared to healthy normotensive non-diabetic subjects.
LA OTRA PANDEMIA: VIOLACIÓN DE LA LIBERTAD SEXUAL DE MENORES EN UN CONTEXTO INTRA FAMILIAR, ANÁLISIS CRIMINOLÓGICO ANTE EL INCREMENTO DE CASOS DURANTE EL CONFINAMIENTO POR EL COVID-19
Authors: Espinoza Rocha Frank Michael , Velasco Vega Vanesa Valeria , Acero Leon Eddy 
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad analizar desde el enfoque criminológico la otro pandemia que no tiene la suficiente atención y preocupación por parte del estado y la ciudadanía, la violencia de la libertad sexual contra menores, en nuestro contexto de la pandemia por el virus Covid-19 para lo cual acudimos a fuentes estadísticas, conceptuales, doctrinales ,además de un análisis criminológico crítico, lo que nos permitió primero contextualizar cual era la situación en nuestro país antes de la pandemia y durante la pandemia, analizar el actuar de nuestro Estado a través de instituciones como el Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables , programas como el centro de ayuda mujer y las ahora implementados instrumentos línea 100 y 1801 , para así poder concluir cuales son las teorías criminológicas de la conducta criminal que establece los factores criminológicos por los que se presentaba este acto delictivo y por los que se incrementó durante el confinamiento.
Sistema de información basado en la metodología activa para mejorar los niveles de comprensión lectora de 2º de primaria de una Institución Educativa
Authors: Callao Lopez Juan Erick 
Published: January 2021

Se tiene como objetivo implementar una herramienta tecnológica que permita Mejorar la comprensión lectora del 2º grado de primaria de la Institución Educativa Nº 00743 Blanca Rosa Anduaga De Caro del Distrito de Calzada, Provincia de Moyobamba. La pregunta de investigación es ¿en qué medida el uso de un sistema de información, mejorará la comprensión lectora del 2º grado de primaria de la Institución Educativa”, la respuesta a dicha interrogante se hace a través de un estudio de tipo aplicada y nivel de investigación cuasi-experimental, en el que se aplicó un pre y pos test. Las respuestas que se obtuvieron respecto a la mejora de la comprensión lectora en base a la media de los resultados comparando el grupo experimental con el grupo control; estos resultados se ven reflejados en la mejora porcentual de niveles de logros de los alumnos ya que en el primer examen se obtuvo: alumnos en inicio 60% en proceso 20 % y en satisfactorio 20% y después de haber aplicado el tratamiento se obtuvo los siguientes resultados: alumnos en inicio 19%, en proceso 38 % y en satisfactorio 43 % logrando así evidenciar que se aumentó el interés y el desempeño de los alumnos pasando de niveles de logros bajos a ubicarse en los niveles aceptables. Se recomienda masificar el uso de la propuesta para la mejora en la comprensión lectora en el segundo grado de la Institución Educativa y mejorar la calidad de enseñanza básica con una metodología activa usando tecnologías de la información