bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing The Mutual-Support Willingness and Needs Among The Rural Elderly in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yao Ke-ru , Yin Xin-hong , Qin Luo , Tang Xi , Tan Xiu-zhu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

This study aimed to assess the influence factors of mutual-support eldercare willingness and identify the eldercare requirements of elderly living in rural areas of Hunan Province, China.
Methods

Using Chi-square test and logistic regression to analyze factors influencing Participants’ eldercare and the needs for mutual-support eldercare.
Results

Factors influencing the mutual-support willingness and needs included individual characteristic, family security and so on. And rural elderly's demand for mutual support at a relatively high level. The total score on the social support for the aged was 36.944 ± 6.487, at a moderate level.
Conclusions

It is necessary to objectively evaluate the factors related to mutual-support eldercare willingness and needs, and take steps to enhance social support and meet elderly the needs of mutual- support eldercare, which is of great significance for improving the happiness of the elderly in their later years and alleviating the crisis of population aging in China.
Clustering of Parkinson Subtypes: Strong Influence of D2 Receptor Polymorphism and Gender
Authors: Pelzer Esther Annegret , Stürmer Sophie , Feis Delia-Lisa , Melzer Corina , Schwartz Frank , Scharge Marcel , Eggers Carsten , Tittgemeyer Marc , Timmermann Lars 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Next to motor and non-motor symptoms some more basic features are relevant in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease subtype classification influencing basal ganglia circuitry via dopamine receptor polymorphism and gender dimorphism. By kmeans-clustering algorithm we found an influence of D2 receptor polymorphism and gender on treatment response to dopaminergic drugs -reflected by daily levodopa dosage- opening the door for a more personalized individual therapy in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.
Efficacy of Total Knee Arthroplasty in Elderly Patients With Locomotive Syndrome: a Prospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Ogata Toru , Yamada Keiko , Miura Hiromasa , Hino Kazunori , Kutsuna Tatsuhiko , Watamori Kunihiko , Kinoshita Tomofumi , Ishibashi Yasuyuki , Yamamoto Yuji , Sasaki Tomoyuki , Matsuda Shuichi , Kuriyama Shinichi , Watanabe Mutsumi , Tomita Tetsuya , Tamaki Masashi , Ishibashi Teruya , Okazaki Ken , Mizu-uchi Hideki , Ishibashi Shojiro , Ma Yuan , Ito Yoichi M. , Nakamura Kozo , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: To preserve the ability to perform physical activities among the elderly, the concept of locomotive syndrome and its evaluation method, the locomotive syndrome risk test, have been applied in an integrated manner to capture the decline in mobility resulting from musculoskeletal disorders. During treatment, physicians can use the locomotive syndrome risk test to evaluate the impact of each therapy such as total knee arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis, a common disorder found in locomotive syndrome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of total knee arthroplasty in the elderly with respect to locomotive syndrome.Methods: A total of 111 patients were registered at six hospitals prior to total knee arthroplasty and postoperatively followed up for 1 year. Three components of the locomotive syndrome risk test (the two-step test, stand-up test, and geriatric locomotive function scale-25) were assessed together with the EuroQol-5 Dimension scores pre- and postoperatively.Results: Post surgery, all three components of the locomotive syndrome　risk test as well as the EuroQol-5 Dimension utility score showed significant improvements from the baseline (two-step test, 1.01±0.25 to 1.12±0.21; stand-up test, 2.02±1.14 to 2.38±1.20; geriatric locomotive function scale-25, 38.3±15.8 to 18.7±16.6, mean ± standard deviation). The ratio of stage 3 locomotive syndrome patients (progressed stage of decrease in mobility, restricting social engagement) reduced from 82.3% to 33.9% postoperatively. There was no significant difference in the degree of change in the three test scores between the younger (60-74 years) and older (≥75 years) age groups. Conclusions: We found that total knee arthroplasty has a major impact in preventing the progression of locomotive syndrome in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The locomotive syndrome risk test is a feasible tool for longitudinal evaluation of patients with musculoskeletal diseases of varying severity and with multiple symptoms.Trial registration: This study was registered as UMIN000023595 (10/08/2016)
Increased Neutrophil-Subset Associated With Severity/Mortality In ARDS And COVID19-ARDS Expresses The Dual Endothelin-1/VEGFsignal-Peptide Receptor (DEspR): An Actionable Therapeutic Target
Authors: Herrera Victoria L. M. , Walkey Allan J. , Nguyen Mai Q. , Gromisch Christopher M. , Mosaddhegi Julie Z. , Gromisch Matthew S. , Jundi Bakr , Lukassen Soeren , Carstensen Saskia , Denis Ridiane , Belkina Anna C. , Baron Rebecca M. , Pinilla-Vera Mayra , Muller Meike , Kimberly W. Taylor , Goldstein Joshua N. , Lehmann Irina , Shih Angela R. , Eils Roland , Levy Bruce D. , Ruiz-Opazo Nelson 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Neutrophil-mediated secondary tissue injury underlies acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and progression to multi-organ-failure (MOF) and death, processes linked to severe COVID19. This ‘innocent bystander’ tissue injury arises in dysregulated hyperinflammatory states from neutrophil functions and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) intended to kill pathogens, but injure cells instead, causing MOF. Insufficiency of prior therapeutic approaches suggest need to identify dysregulated neutrophil-subset(s) and induce subset-specific apoptosis critical for neutrophil function-shutdown and clearance. We hypothesized that neutrophils expressing the pro-survival dual endothelin-1/signal peptide receptor, DEspR, are apoptosis-resistant just like DEspR+ cancer cells, hence comprise a consequential pathogenic neutrophil-subset in ARDS and COVID19-ARDS. Here, we report correlation of circulating DEspR+CD11b+ activated neutrophils (DESpR+actNs) and NETosing-neutrophils with severity in ARDS and in COVID19-ARDS, increased DEspR+ neutrophils and monocytes in post-mortem ARDS-patient lung sections, and neutrophil DEspR/ET1 receptor/ligand autocrine loops in severe COVID19. Unlike DEspR[-] neutrophils, ARDS patient DEspR+actNs exhibit apoptosis-resistance, which decreased upon ex vivo treatment with humanized anti-DEspR-IgG4S228P antibody, hu6g8. Ex vivo live-cell imaging of non-human primate DEspR+actNs showed hu6g8 target-engagement, internalization, and induction of apoptosis. Altogether, data differentiate DEspR+actNs as a targetable neutrophil-subset associated with ARDS and COVID19-ARDS severity, and suggest DEspR-inhibition as a potential therapeutic paradigm. 1-sentence summary: Circulating DEspR+CD11b+ neutrophils and NETosing neutrophils are associated with severity and mortality in ARDS and COVID19-ARDS.
LncRNA TCL6 Contributes to CSC-like Properties via Modulating TP53 in HCC
Authors: Luo Lihua , Zhou Yong , Jin Min , Li Bai , Zhang Tao , Zhang Jia-yao , Donghua Xiang , Li Jin-mao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignant tumors, accounting for most of the adult primary liver cancer. Herein, we aimed to analyze the expression of long non-coding RNA-T cell leukemia/lymphoma 6 (lncRNA-TCL6) in HCC and elucidate its mechanism involved in the HCC progression. Methodse performed RNA extraction and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays, spheroid formation assays, flow cytometry and western blot assays to assess the effect of TCL6 on the liver CSCs marker CD133 expression rate, sphere-forming ability of liver stem cells, and the relationship between TCL6 expression and stem cell factor (TP53, P21, CD44, KLF4, OCT4, Nanog, and Sox2). In addition, we used a dual luciferase assay to verify the relationship between miR-106a-5p and TP53.ResultsKnockdown of TCL6 expression significantly improved the CD133 expression rate and the liver stem cells sphere-forming ability in HCC, while TCL6 overexpression in HCC showed the opposite effect. Knockdown of TCL6 upregulated the KLF4mRNA expression, while TCL6 overexpression in HCC inhibited the TP53 and CDKN1A expression. Western blot assays showed that TCL6 expression was positively correlated with TP53 and P21, while negatively correlated with stem cell factor. Dual luciferase assay showed that TP53 was a target of miR-106a-5p.Conclusion﻿Results suggested that reprogramming-related TCL6 may be a novel tumor suppressor gene in HCC, which inhibits the self-renewal of liver CSCs, in part by promoting the TP53 expression.
Genetic Diversity of Toxoplasma Gondii by Serological and Molecular Analyzes in Different Sheep and Goat Tissues in Northeastern Iran
Authors: Firouzeh Nima , Foroughiborj Hamid , ziaali Naser , Kareshk Amir Tavakoli 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease caused by compilation protozoan agent Toxoplasma gondiithat led to significant financial and quality-adjusted life-year losses. Consumption of undercooked or raw meat has been regarded as a major route of transmission. The present study was conducted to determine the seroposevitity rate of T.gondii in sheep and goats by serological and molecular tests and also genotyping of obtained isolatesin northeast of Iran.Methods: Blood and tissue samples (diaphragm, heart) of 296 animals (including 168 sheep and 128 goats) were collected from slaughterhouse in Quechan city from august 2016 to April 2017. Serum samples examined by the Modified agglutination test (MAT) and the Nested-PCR method performed to amplify the fragment of the B1 gene to detect parasite DNA on diaphragm and heart tissues of seropositive animals. PCR-RFLP method of GRA6 gene was used to determine the genotype of T. gondii. Also, sequencing analysis was performed to evaluate the Toxoplasma type strains. Results: Serum positive for MAT results were found in 27.4% (46/168) of Sheep and23.4% (30/128) of goats. Positive Nested-PCR of B1 gene results in diaphragm and heart tissues of sheep and goats was 47.8% (22/46) and 26.1% (12/46), 40% (12/30) and 23.3% (7/30), respectively. Nested-PCR of GRA6 gene results were positive in 10 samples (7 sheep and 3 goats) that RFLP technique results with using MseІ enzyme revealed genotype І. Sequencing and Phylogenetic analysis revealed DNA of all samples were closely related to Toxoplasma type І.Conclusions: Concerning to highseropositivityrate of toxoplasmosis in studied region, undertaking an appropriate preventive program for reducing the prevalence of T. gondii infection by raw or undercooked meat consumption of livestock recommended. Our study supports the notion that consumption of raw and undercooked meat of these animals can be a probable source of human toxoplasmosis.
Red Cell Distribution Width: a Novel Predictive Biomarker for Stroke Risk After Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Xie Ke-Hang , Liu Ling-Ling , Liang Yun-Ru , Su Chu-Yin , Liu Run-Ni , Li Hua , Chen Qing-Qing , He Jia-Sheng , Ruan Yong-Kun , He Wang-Kai 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: Predicting the prognosis of transient ischemic attack (TIA) is difficult for many frontline clinicians. The purpose of this study was to determine whether subsequent stroke in TIA patients can be predicted via the red blood cell distribution width(RDW).Material and methods: A total of 309 consecutive age- and sex-matched patients with new onset TIA, in our stroke center, were enrolled over the period studied. The patients were divided into two groups :103 TIA patients and 206 patients who had a stroke within 7 days after TIA. Complete blood count, biochemical parameters and brain imaging were performed in all patients. Results: The mean RDW values of patients with stroke after TIA were significantly higher than patients with TIA (12.84 ±1.19, 13.35 ±1.59, p= 0.001). In a multivariate model, RDW was independently associated with stroke after TIA (OR=2.52, 95% CI 1.46 to 3.35, P= 0.002). We also found that the higher levels of RDW, the earlier the stroke onset (p=0.024). Compared to ABCD2 score, the diagnostic power of RDW in the differentiation of patients with stroke after TIA is better (AUCs:0.613vs0.731, p= 0.015). When an RDW cut-off value of 13.95% is accepted for differentiating patients with stroke after TIA from TIA, the sensitivity and specificity were 73.7% and 74.3%, respectively.Conclusions: The early determination of RDW is a promising, rapid, easy and inexpensive biomarker to predict the subsequent stroke in TIA patients.
Community Pharmacists’ Measurement of Health-related Quality of Life in Outpatients Taking High-risk Drugs
Authors: Ichimura Takenori , Ogawa Chiaki , Murata Hayato , Miyahara Katsuaki , Yuge Satoshi , Tsukioka Ryota , Kado Keisuke , Yoshimura Tomonobu , Suzuki Kenichi , Nomura Hisanaga , Shimizu Hisanori 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Patients who develop severe side-effects when taking high-risk drugs may have a significantly reduced health-related quality of life (QOL); therefore, it is important to identify changes in health-related QOL in these patients. This study aimed to determine health-related QOL in community pharmacy outpatients taking high-risk drugs.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at 29 pharmacies in 12 regions and cities in Japan from October to December 2020. Using descriptive questionnaires of EuroQOL-5-dimensions-5-levels (EQ-5D-5L), community pharmacists obtained health-related QOL data from outpatients taking high-risk drugs.Results: In total, 760 outpatients were enrolled. The mean health-related QOL of all outpatients was 0.869. Health-related QOL decreased with increasing age. Outpatient health -related QOL was 0.700, 0.763, 0.785, and 0.817 when taking antiepileptic, antidepressant, digitalis, and antiarrhythmic drugs, respectively, which was lower than the average health-related QOL of all outpatients. Mobility and pain/discomfort accounted for a large proportion of the decline in health-related QOL with increasing age. No difference was found concerning personal care in relation to age; however, the number of outpatients with mobility, normal activity, and pain challenges decreased with age. In contrast, outpatients aged <65 years with anxiety/depression showed lower than overall average health-related QOL.Conclusion: Community pharmacists determined the health-related QOL of outpatients taking high-risk drugs. We clarified the contributions of the 5-dimensions.Trial registration: UMIN-CTR Study Design: trial Number UMIN 000041942. Registered 30 September 2020, https://www.umin.ac.jp
Debunking Korunomyces
Authors: Ferreira Bruno W. , Alves Janaina L. , Crous Pedro W. , Barreto Robert 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Korunomyces is a genus including fungi that produce stipitate, profusely branched, multicellular asexual reproductive structures (propagules) on leaves and in culture. Three species have been described in the genus: Korunomyces terminaliae – the type species, K. prostratus and K. zapatensis. No molecular studies have ever been conducted to elucidate the phylogenetic placement of Korunomyces. Recently, DNA sequences were obtained from pure cultures of K. prostratus and K. terminaliae, enabling an elucidation of their taxonomic placement. Isolates of K. prostratus obtained from diseased tissues of Miconia calvescens were observed for the first time to form pycnidial conidiomata in culture. A multi-gene phylogeny, including the large subunit of the nrDNA (nc LSU rDNA), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) and translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1), placed K. prostratus and K. terminaliae within Coniella (Schizoparmaceae). As Korunomyces is younger than Coniella, it is reduced to synonymy, and a new name and a new combination are proposed for these two species, namely: Coniella ferreirense nom. nov. and Coniella prostrata comb. nov. An emended description of Coniella to include the occasional formation of distinct and elaborate asexual propagules is also provided.
Virtual Evaluation of a Hospital Congestion Prevention Method
Authors: Hou Wanxin , Qin Shaowen , Thompson Campbell Henry 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Hospital congestion is a common problem for the healthcare sector. Numerous studies explored reasons for crowding within some parts of the hospital. However, to deal with more general, hospital-wide problems, examining the hospital as a connected whole is necessary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate de-congestion interventions through a whole hospital simulation model and offer objective reasoning to support hospital management decisions.Method: This study tested a congestion prevention method that estimates the current day’s hospital congestion risk level R at a set time every morning, and activates minimum intervention when R is above certain threshold R(C), using a virtual hospital created by simulation modelling. The color-coding system was adopted to demonstrate the impact and the extent of effectiveness of this method in preventing hospital congestions.Results: The results indicated that adding 8 flex beds to the medical department resulted in more reductions (70.93%) of red-days comparing with the surgical ward (37.15%). Red days reduction per affected patient when discharging two medical patients was 0.1 which was higher than when discharging two surgical (0.04) or two long-stay patients (0.07). Also, the efficiency of red days reduction per affected patient is always greater if removing 2 patients than if discharging more patients. Conclusions: The expected outcome based on theoretical prediction of this method was confirmed, that is, applying a less disruptive intervention is often enough, and more cost effective, to reduce the risk level of hospital congestion. Making a small number of extra beds available was a superior solution compared to discharging approaches to reduce crowding in hospitals. In addition, the virtual implementation approach enabled testing of the method at a more detailed level, thereby revealed some interesting findings difficult to achieve theoretically, such as discharging extra two medical inpatients, rather than surgical inpatients, a day earlier on days when R>R(C), would bring more benefits in terms of congestion reduction for the hospital.
Dynamics of Immune Responses are Inconsistent when Trauma Patients are Grouped by Injury Severity Score and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Yang Ya-Wen , Wu Che-Hsiung , Tsai Huei-Ting , Chen Ying-Ru , Chang Yu-Ping , Han Yin- Yi , Wu Tiffany E. , Hu Ray-Heng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The injury severity score (ISS) is used in daily practice to evaluate the severity of trauma patients, however the score is not always consistent with the prognosis. After injury, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS) are related to the prognosis of trauma patients. Methods: Patients who admitted to the Trauma Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were eligible. Whole blood samples were collected at admission, and then 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after admission. Natural killer (NK) cells, lymphocyte subset population and cytokines release were identified using flow cytometry. We grouped patients by their ISS (≤ 25 and > 25 as very severe injury) and ICU stay (≤ 10 days as a short ICU stay and >10 days as a long ICU stay) for evaluation. Results: Fifty-three patients were enrolled. ICU stay but not ISS was close correlated with activity daily living (ADL) at discharge. Patients with a long ICU stay had an immediate increase in NK cells followed by lymphopenia which persisted for 48 hours. Immediate activation of CD8 + T cells and then exhaustion with a higher programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) expression and suppression of CD4 + T cells with a shift to an anti-inflammatory Th2 phenotype were also observed in the patients with a long ICU stay. When the patients were grouped by ISS, the dynamics of immune responses were inconsistent to those when the patients were grouped by ICU stay. Conclusions: Immune responses are associated with the prognosis of trauma patients, however the currently used clinical parameters may not accurately reflect immune responses. Further investigations are needed to identify accurate predictors of prognosis in trauma patients.
Assessment of Non-linear Imputation of PaO2/FiO2 from SpO2/FiO2 Among Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation in China
Authors: Wang Shan , Yusvirazi Liga , Yin Haiyan , Kang Hongjun , Zhao Yan , Wang Li , Brown Samuel M. , Hou Peter C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Arterial blood gas measurements are not always immediately available despite their potential relevance to management of mechanically ventilated patients. Retrospective and prospective studies have validated the non-linear imputation of PaO2/FIO2 from SpO2/FIO2, predominantly in USA. In this study, the objective was to validate the non-linear imputation algorithm among mechanically ventilated patients in the Chinese population. Method: Mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the emergency departments or ICUs at two participating hospitals in China were enrolled prospectively. At the time of a clinical arterial blood gas being drawn, SpO2, oximeter waveform characteristics, receipt of vasopressor, and skin pigmentation were simultaneously recorded. For the various imputation methods, we calculated both imputation error and the area under the curve for patients meeting criteria for acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 300) and moderate-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 150). Result: We studied 663 arterial blood gases from 646 patients; 177 (26%) arterial blood gases were associated with SpO2 less than or equal to 96%. Non-linear imputation had lower mean absolute error than linear imputation method when SpO2 was less than or equal to 96% (p<0.001). At the PaO2/FiO2 threshold of 300 or less, non-linear imputation AUC (0.90 95% CI 0.85-0/95) was not significantly higher than the AUCs of linear and log-linear imputation methods (0.88 95% CI 0.82-0.94). The same result was shown at the PaO2 /FiO2 threshold of 150 or less. For patients with a threshold SpO2 of 96% or less, AUC analysis yielded similar results between non-linear vs. linear and log-linear imputations. Conclusions: In this cohort of mechanically ventilated patients, non-linear imputation was not superior to linear and log-linear imputations for patients with SpO2 of 96% or less. All strategies performed similarly in estimating PaO2/FIO2 from SpO2/FIO2.