bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunological profiling of COVID-19 patients with pulmonary sequelae
Authors: Wu Jianghua , Tang Lu , Ma Yanling , Li Yu , Zhang Dongmei , Li Qian , Mei Heng , Hu Yu 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTCellular immunity may be involved in organ damage and rehabilitation in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to delineate immunological features of COVID-19 patients with pulmonary sequelae (PS) one year after discharge. 50 COVID-19 survivors were recruited and classified according to radiological characteristics: 24 patients with PS and 26 patients without PS. Phenotypic and functional characteristics of immune cells were evaluated by multiparametric flow cytometry. Patients with PS had an increased proportion of natural killer (NK) cells and lower percentage of B cells compared to patients without PS. Phenotypic and functional features of T cells in patients with PS were predominated by the accumulation of CD4+ T cells secreting IL-17A, short-lived effector-like CD8+ T cells (CD27-CD62L-) and senescent T cells with excessive secretion of granzyme-B/perforin/IFN-γ. NK cells were characterized by the excessive secretion of granzyme-B and perforin and the downregulation of NKP30 and NKP46; highly activated NKT and γδ T cells exhibited NKP30 and TIM-3 upregulation and NKB1 downregulation in patients with PS. However, immunosuppressive cells were comparable between the two groups. The interrelation of immune cells in COVID-19 was intrinsically identified, whereby T cells secreting IL-2, IL-4 and IL-17A were enriched among CD28+ and CD57-cells and cells secreting perforin/granzyme-B/IFN-γ/TNF-α expressed markers of terminal differentiation. CD57+NK cells, CD4+perforin+ T cells and CD8+CD27+CD62L+ T cells were identified as the independent predictors for residual lesions. Overall, our findings unveil the profound imbalance of immune landscape that may correlate with organ damage and rehabilitation in COVID-19.IMPORTANCEA considerable proportion of COVID-19 survivors have residual lung lesions, such as ground glass opacity and fiber streak shadow. To determine the relationship between host immunity and residual lung lesions, we performed an extensive analysis of immune responses in convalescent patients with COVID-19 one year after discharge. We found significant differences in immunological characteristics between patients with pulmonary sequelae and patients without pulmonary sequelae one year after discharge. Our study highlights the profound imbalance of immune landscape in the COVID-19 patients with pulmonary sequelae, characterized by the robust activation of cytotoxic T cells, NK cells and γδ T cells as well as the deficiencies of immunosuppressive cells. Importantly, CD57+NK cells, CD4+perforin+ T cells and CD8+CD27+CD62L+ T cells were identified as the independent predictors for residual lesions.
Structural mapping of GABRB3 variants reveals genotype-phenotype correlations
Authors: Johannesen Katrine M , Iqbal Sumaiya , Guazzi Milena , Mohammadi Nazanin A , Pérez-Palma Eduardo , Schaefer Elise , De Saint Martin Anne , Abiwarde Marie Therese , McTague Amy , Pons Roser , Piton Amelie , Kurian Manju A , Ambegaonkar Gautam , Firth Helen , Sanchis-Juan Alba , Deprez Marie , Jansen Katrien , De Waele Liesbeth , Briltra Eva H , Verbeek Nienke E , van Kempen Marjan , Fazeli Walid , Striano Pasquale , Zara Federico , Visser Gerhard , Braakman Hilde M H , Haeusler Martin , Elbracht Miriam , Sternman David , Vaher Ulvi , Smol Thomas , Lemke Johannes R , Platzer Konrad , Kennedy Joanna , Klein Karl Martin , Billie Au Ping Yee , Smyth Kimberly , Kaplan Julie , Thomas Morgan , Dewenter Malin K , Dinopoulos Argirios , Campbell Arthur J , Lal Dennis , Lederer Damien , Liao Vivian W Y , Ahring Philip K , Møller Rikke S. , Gardella Elena 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposePathogenic variants in GABRB3 have been associated with a spectrum of phenotypes from severe developmental disorders and epileptic encephalopathies to milder epilepsy syndromes and mild intellectual disability. In the present study, we analyzed a large cohort of individuals with GABRB3 variants to deepen the phenotypic understanding and investigate genotype-phenotype correlations.MethodsThrough an international collaboration, we analyzed electro-clinical data of unpublished individuals with variants in GABRB3 and we reviewed previously published cases. All missense variants were mapped onto the 3D structure of the GABRB3 subunit and clinical phenotypes associated with the different key structural domains were investigated.ResultsWe characterize 71 individuals with GABRB3 variants, including 22 novel subjects, expressing a wide spectrum of phenotypes. Interestingly, phenotypes correlated with structural locations of the variants. Generalized epilepsy, with a median age at onset of 10.5 months, and mild-to-moderate intellectual disability were associated with variants in the extracellular domain. Focal epilepsy with early onset (median: 2.75 months of age) and severe intellectual disability were associated with variants in the pore-lining helical transmembrane domain.ConclusionThese genotype/phenotype correlations will aid the genetic counseling and treatment of individuals affected by GABRB3-related disorders. Future studies may reveal whether functional differences underlie the phenotypic differences.Key pointsPathogenic variants in GABRB3 cause a wide range of phenotypesMissense variants in the ECD have generalized epilepsy with later onset and non-severe IDMissense variants in the TMD have focal epilepsy with early onset and severe IDBehavioral issues are common features of GABRB3 diseasePrecision medicine approaches for GABRB3 disease is limited
A studyforrest extension, MEG recordings while watching the audio-visual movie “Forrest Gump”
Authors: Liu Xingyu , Dai Yuxuan , Xie Hailun , Zhen Zonglei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNaturalistic stimuli, such as movies, are being increasingly used to map brain function because of their high ecological validity. The pioneering studyforrest and other naturalistic neuroimaging projects have provided free access to multiple movie-watching functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets to prompt the community for naturalistic experimental paradigms. However, sluggish blood-oxygenation-level-dependent fMRI signals are incapable of resolving neuronal activity with the temporal resolution at which it unfolds. Instead, magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures changes in the magnetic field produced by neuronal activity and is able to capture rich dynamics of the brain at the millisecond level while watching naturalistic movies. Herein, we present the first public prolonged MEG dataset collected from 11 participants while watching the 2 h long audio-visual movie “Forrest Gump”. Minimally preprocessed data was also provided to facilitate the use of the dataset. As a studyforrest extension, we envision that this dataset, together with fMRI data from the studyforrest project, will serve as a foundation for exploring the neural dynamics of various cognitive functions in real-world contexts.
Evolution of genome fragility enables microbial division of labor
Authors: Colizzi E.S. , van Dijk B. , Merks R.M.H. , Rozen D.E. , Vroomans R.M.A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDivision of labor can evolve when social groups benefit from the functional specialization of its members. Recently, a novel means of coordinating division of labor was found in the antibiotic-producing bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor, where functionally specialized cells are generated through large-scale genomic re-organization. Here, we investigate how the evolution of a genome architecture enables such mutation-driven division of labor, using a multi-scale mathematical model of bacterial evolution. We let bacteria compete on the basis of their antibiotic production and growth rate in a spatially structured environment. Bacterial behavior is determined by the structure and composition of their genome, which encodes antibiotics, growth-promoting genes and fragile genomic loci that can induce chromosomal deletions. We find that a genomic organization evolves that partitions growth-promoting genes and antibiotic-coding genes to distinct parts of the genome, separated by fragile genomic loci. Mutations caused by these fragile sites mostly delete growth-promoting genes, generating antibiotic-producing mutants from non-producing (and weakly-producing) progenitors, in agreement with experimental observations. Mutants protect their colony from competitors but are themselves unable to replicate. We further show that this division of labor enhances the local competition between colonies by promoting antibiotic diversity. These results show that genomic organization can co-evolve with genomic instabilities to enable reproductive division of labor.Motivation of current workDivision of labor can evolve if trade-offs are present between different traits. To organize a division of labor, the genome architecture must evolve to enable differentiated cellular phenotypes. Cell differentiation may be coordinated through gene regulation, as occurs during embryonic development. Alternatively, when mutation rates are high, mutations themselves can guide cell and functional differentiation; however, how this evolves and is organized at the genome level remains unclear. Here, using a model of antibiotic-producing bacteria based on multicellular Streptomyces, we show that if antibiotic production trades off with replication, genome architecture can evolve to support a mutation-driven division of labor. These results are consistent with recent experimental observations and may underlie division of labor in many bacterial groups.
The genetic diversity of honeybee colonies predicts the gut bacterial diversity of individual colony members
Authors: Bridson C , Vellaniparambil L , Antwis R E , Müller W , Gilman R T , Rowntree J K 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe gut microbiota of social bees is relatively simple and dominated by a core set of taxa that have been reported consistently in individual workers from around the world. Yet, variation remains, and this has been shown to affect host health.We characterised the individual- and regional-scale variation in the honeybee (Apis mellifera) gut microbiota in the North West of England, and asked whether the microbiota was influenced by host genotype or landscape composition.We collected multiple honeybees from 64 colonies, and sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene to characterise the mid- and hindgut bacterial communities. We characterised the genotype of each individual honeybee, and also the land cover surrounding each colony.The literature-defined core taxa consistently dominated across the region, despite the varied environments. However, there was variation in the relative abundance of core taxa, and colony membership explained a large proportion of this variation. Individuals from more genetically diverse colonies had more diverse microbiotas, but individual genetic diversity did not influence gut microbial diversity. There was a trend for colonies in more similar landscapes to have more similar microbiota, whilst bees from more urban landscapes had a slightly less diverse microbiota than those from less urban landscapes.Our study provides, to our knowledge, the first demonstration for any species that the gut bacterial communities of individuals can be influenced by the genotypes of other conspecifics in the population. This is particularly important for social organisms, such as honeybees, as colony rather than individual genetic diversity appears to drive gut microbial diversity, a factor related to colony health.
A Branching Process Model of Evolutionary Rescue
Authors: Azevedo Ricardo B. R. , Olofsson Peter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEvolutionary rescue is the process whereby a declining population may start growing again, thus avoiding extinction, via an increase in the frequency of fitter genotypes. These genotypes may either already be present in the population in small numbers, or arise by mutation as the population declines. We present a simple two-type discrete-time branching process model and use it to obtain results such as the probability of rescue, the shape of the population growth curve of a rescued population, and the time until the first rescuing mutation occurs. Comparisons are made to existing results in the literature in cases where both the mutation rate and the selective advantage of the beneficial mutations are small.
Global commodity prices and inflation expectations
Authors: Devaguptapu Adviti , Dash Pradyumna 
Published: June 2021

PurposeIn this paper, we study the effect of global energy and food inflation on household inflation expectations during the period 1988M01–2020M03 for a set of European economies.Design/methodology/approachWe use multifractal de-trended cross-correlation analysis to estimate the non-linear and time-varying cross-correlation. We provide additional robustness tests using the Autoregressive-Distributed Lag method.FindingsWe find that household inflation expectations, global energy inflation and global food inflation are all multifractal. We also find that the household inflation expectations, global energy inflation and global food inflation are positively correlated (i.e., they are persistent). However, household inflation expectations respond more when the volatility of the global energy inflation is lower than when the volatility is higher. The correlation between household inflation expectations and global food inflation does not depend on the level of volatility.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, paying attention to the global commodity inflation might help anchor inflation expectations better. It is so because Central Bank's efficacy in achieving price stability may be weakened if there is a relationship between commodity inflation and inflation expectation. This task would become even more difficult in the average inflation targeting regime than inflation targeting regime if actual inflation is persistently different from the target inflation. Second, our results also emphasize the importance of effective strategy for communicating to households about actual inflation, inflation target and keep them updated about how monetary policy functions.Originality/valueWe contribute to the literature by estimating the cross-correlation between household inflation expectations with the global commodity inflation, conditional to the volatility of the commodity inflation under consideration.
Embracing supply base complexity: the contingency role of strategic purchasing
Authors: Ateş Melek Akın , Memiş Huriye 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to empirically examine the moderating role of strategic purchasing on the relationship between supply base complexity (SBC) and purchasing performance.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from 209 firms listed in the Capital Top 500 Firms of Turkey. Measurement properties were assessed via confirmatory factor analysis, and the conceptual model was tested via hierarchical regression analysis. A supplementary analysis based on 14 semi-structured interviews was conducted to provide further insights on the survey findings.FindingsRegarding structural SBC, the results suggest that horizontal complexity and supplier interaction improve purchasing performance, but only in firms with high strategic purchasing. By contrast, spatial complexity reduces purchasing performance in firms with high strategic purchasing, while supplier differentiation does not have any effect. Regarding dynamic SBC, the results show that both delivery complexity and supplier instability reduce purchasing performance when firms have low strategic purchasing. Interviews further suggest that firms with high strategic purchasing leverage the positive effects and mitigate the negative effects of SBC by having a long-term focus, considering multiple performance criteria and adopting advanced purchasing practices.Practical implicationsIn contrast to what is widely posited in the existing literature, the nuanced findings of this study reveal that complexity is not always detrimental. The results suggest that practitioners should aim for high levels of strategic purchasing to suppress the negative effects of SBC while leveraging its benefits.Originality/valueBy investigating the contingency role of strategic purchasing, this study provides novel insights into the under-investigated issue of how to best “manage” SBC.
Eldercare in Japan, transnational care labor, and emerging welfare regimes
Authors: Milly Deborah J. 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis article analyzes recent Japanese efforts to recruit care labor from seven Asian countries to identify the relative contributions to migrants and their respective countries' health systems. Besides considering the factors affecting migration from, and benefits to, sending countries, it asks how differences in the role of public and private actors may matter.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses two stages of analysis. The first uses quantitative and qualitative data for seven countries that send care labor migrants to Japan to identify differences in benefits for individual migrants and health care systems in the sending countries. The second stage examines recent initiatives for funding care worker training in Japan to assess the relative impacts of different public-private cooperative arrangements, especially in terms of Vietnam.FindingsIn addition to general migration policy mechanisms provided by the destination country, bilateral relationships and foreign assistance, along with economic, demographic and health care conditions in the origin countries, contribute to the relative benefits of migration. Among countries supplying care labor to Japan, Vietnam is obtaining the most benefits for its health care system in return.Originality/valueResponding to central concerns surrounding care labor migration, the article compares across countries sending care workers to a single country. The comparison highlights a constellation of factors that contribute the greatest benefits. The article identifies how different types of public and private relationships can influence this process. The study provides observations applicable to other welfare states developing care labor migration relationships.
Digital transformation challenges successful enterprises – an exploration of the collaboration of marketing and sales department in German organizations
Authors: Hauer Georg , Naumann Nadine , Harte Patrick 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of digital transformation on the intersection of marketing and sales departments.

Design/methodology/approach
This area has received little attention in academic literature while considerable amount of research exists surrounding the marketing and sales integration, the influence of the trend of digital transformation on both departments and how it affects their collaboration is not investigated in-depth and is therefore studied by qualitative research via semi-structured interviews in six German organizations.

Findings
By considering the findings the collaboration between the marketing and sales departments in German organizations is perceived as good. However, generation-related conflicts occur due to different demographic structures of employees. The study provides evidence that the digital transformation affects the marketing and sales integration and thus, the overall organizational performance.

Originality/value
Moreover, it is crucial that organizations face the challenges that occur in terms of interdepartmental relationships and be aware of the huge potentials which arise due to digital transformation to improve the marketing and sales collaboration.
New technologies for robotic tactile sensing and navigation
Authors: Bogue Rob 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This aims to provide details of new sensor technologies and developments with potential applications in robotic tactile sensing and navigation.

Design/methodology/approach
Following a short introduction, this provides examples of tactile sensing research. This is followed by details of research into inertial sensors and other navigation techniques. Finally, brief conclusions are drawn.

Findings
This shows that tactile sensing and navigation techniques are the topic of a technologically diverse research effort which has prospects to impart various classes of robots with significantly enhanced capabilities.

Originality/value
This provides a technically detailed insight into recent sensor research with applications in robotic tactile sensing and navigation.
When co-creation pays off: the effect of co-creation on well-being, work performance and team resilience
Authors: Partouche-Sebban Judith , Rezaee Vessal Saeedeh , Bernhard Fabian 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This study aims to explore the effect of value co-creation among health-care professionals and in a business-to-business (B2B) context on the involved individuals and the organization. More precisely, the effect of co-creation behaviors on the well-being of individuals, their work performance and team resilience are investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative research design was adopted. The data collection was performed through a mail survey of a sample of 96 professionals at a cancer health-care institution in France in which several medical and paramedical providers work together to maximize service options. Linear regressions were conducted using SPSS to analyze the data.

Findings
The results highlight the positive outcomes of an active co-creation process on individual well-being, work performance and team resilience and emphasize its limits.

Originality/value
The originality of this study lies in studying co-creation in the context of the health-care service sector, among health-care professionals and from a B2B perspective. Adopting an inter-organizational frame, this study clarifies the positive and negative effects of co-creation from both personal and organizational aspects.
Effects of organizational conflict history and employees' situational perceptions of COVID-19 on negative megaphoning and turnover intention
Authors: Chon Myoung-Gi , Tam Lisa , Kim Jeong-Nam 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis study explores the interaction effects of organizational conflict history and employees' situational perceptions of COVID-19 on negative megaphoning and turnover intention.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data (N = 476) were collected from US citizens, who self-identified as full-time employees, through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) in August 2020.FindingsOrganizational conflict history (i.e. highly conflict-prone vs less conflict-prone workplaces) interacts with employees' situational perceptions of COVID-19 (i.e. inactive vs active publics) in affecting employees' negative megaphoning and turnover intention toward their organizations. Employees who are active publics on COVID-19 in highly conflict-prone workplaces reported the highest negative megaphoning and turnover intention. On the contrary, employees who are inactive publics on COVID-19 in less conflict-prone workplaces reported the lowest negative megaphoning and turnover intention.Practical implicationsCOVID-19 is an uncontrollable, exogenous crisis for organizations. While it is expected that employees in highly conflict-prone workplaces would report higher negative megaphoning and turnover intention, this study found that employees' situational perceptions of COVID-19 would further exacerbate the effects. This finding reflects the importance of managing organizational conflicts continuously and preemptively while also segmenting and cultivating relationships with employees based on their situational perceptions of issues and crises.Originality/valueThis study identified the significance of the interaction of cross-situational factors (e.g. employees' recollection of organizational conflict history) and situational factors (e.g. employees' situational perceptions of issues) in affecting employees' negative behavioral intentions in crisis situations, even if the crises are exogenous and uncontrollable.