bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Kondisi Ibu Hamil Menurut Pemeriksaan Laboratorium
Authors: Wati Widya 
Published: February 2021

Pelayanan antenatal yang terdiri dari proses pemeriksaan Kesehatan, pengamatan dan pendidikan kepada ibu hamil memerlukan adanya pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk mendeteksi dini terjadinya kelainan pada saat kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran tentang kondisi ibu hamil di Puskesmas Sungailiat berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium. Sampel penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang diperiksa di laboratorium Puskesmas Sungailiat sejak Januari hingga Juli 2020 yang datanya dikumpulkan melalui system informasi puskesmas (simpus) dan dianalisa deskriptif serta metode grafik. Ditemukan 26,5% kehamilan yang terjadi pada ibu yang berusia di bawah 20 tahun dan di atas 35 tahun dan 3,5% ibu hamil yang berusia di bawah 20 tahun dan antara 20-35 tahun menderita anemia. Hepatitis B diderita oleh 1,8% dari ibu hamil terkait dengan kondisi hygiene dan sanitasi lingkungan tempat tinggal. Tidak ada masalah terkait sifilis dan HIV, namun 2,2% ibu hamil mengalami proteinuria.
Molecular and Clinicopathological Characterization of a Prognostic Immune Gene Signature Associated With MGMT Methylation in Glioblastoma
Authors: Zhao Liang , Zhang Jiayue , Xuan Shurui , Liu Zhiyuan , Wang Yu , Zhao Peng 
Published: February 2021

Background: O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status affects tumor chemo-resistance and the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) patients. We aimed to investigate the role of MGMT methylation in the regulation of GBM immunophenotype and discover an effective biomarker to improve prognosis prediction of GBM patients.Methods: A total of 769 GBM patients with clinical information from five independent cohorts were enrolled in the present study. Samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset were used as the training set, whereas transcriptome data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) RNA-seq, CGGA microarray, GSE16011, and the Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia (REMBRANDT) cohort were used for validation. A series of bioinformatics approaches were carried out to construct a prognostic signature based on immune-related genes, which were tightly related to the MGMT methylation status. In silico analyses were performed to investigate the influence of the signature on immunosuppression and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. Then, the utility of this immune gene signature was analyzed by the development and evaluation of a nomogram. In vitro experiments were further used to verify the immunologic function of the genes in the signature.Results: We found that MGMT unmethylation was closely associated with immune-related biological processes in GBM. Sixty-five immune genes were more highly expressed in the MGMT unmethylated than the MGMT-methylated group. An immune gene-based risk model was further established to divide patients into high and low-risk groups, and the prognostic value of this signature was validated in several GBM cohorts. Functional analyses manifested a universal up-regulation of immune-related pathways in the high-risk group. Furthermore, the risk score was highly correlated to the immune cell infiltration, immunosuppression, inflammatory activities, as well as the expression levels of immune checkpoints. A nomogram was developed for clinical application. Knockdown of the five genes in the signature remodeled the immunosuppressive microenvironment by restraining M2 macrophage polarization and suppressing immunosuppressive cytokines production.Conclusions:MGMT methylation is strongly related to the immune responses in GBM. The immune gene-based signature we identified may have potential implications in predicting the prognosis of GBM patients and mechanisms underlying the role of MGMT methylation.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Reflects a TH1-CD21low B-Cell Interaction in CVID-Related Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Friedmann David , Unger Susanne , Keller Baerbel , Rakhmanov Mirzokhid , Goldacker Sigune , Zissel Gernot , Frye Björn C. , Schupp Jonas C. , Prasse Antje , Warnatz Klaus 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundAbout 20% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) suffer from interstitial lung disease (ILD) as part of a systemic immune dysregulation. Current understanding suggests a role of B cells in the pathogenesis based on histology and increased levels of BAFF and IgM associated with active disease corroborated by several reports which demonstrate the successful use of rituximab in CVID-ILD. It is debated whether histological confirmation by biopsy or even video-assisted thoracoscopy is required and currently not investigated whether less invasive methods like a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) might provide an informative diagnostic tool.ObjectiveTo gain insight into potential immune mechanisms underlying granulomatous and lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) and to define biomarkers for progressive ILD by characterizing the phenotype of B- and T-cell populations and cytokine profiles in BAL fluid (BALF) of CVID-ILD compared to sarcoidosis patients and healthy donors (HD).MethodsSixty-four CVID, six sarcoidosis, and 25 HD BALF samples were analyzed by flow cytometric profiling of B- and T-cells and for cytokines by ELISA and Multiplexing LASER Bead technology.ResultsBoth sarcoidosis and CVID-ILD are characterized by a predominantly T-cell mediated lymphocytosis in the BALF. There is an increase in T follicular helper (TFH)-like memory and decrease of regulatory T cells in CVID-ILD BALF. This TFH-like cell subset is clearly skewed toward TH1 cells in CVID-ILD. In contrast to sarcoidosis, CVID-ILD BALF contains a higher percentage of B cells comprising mostly CD21low B cells, but less class-switched memory B cells. BALF analysis showed increased levels of APRIL, CXCL10, and IL-17.ConclusionUnlike in sarcoidosis, B cells are expanded in BALF of CVID-ILD patients. This is associated with an expansion of TFH- and TPH-like cells and an increase in APRIL potentially supporting B-cell survival and differentiation and proinflammatory cytokines reflecting not only the previously described TH1 profile seen in CVID patients with secondary immune dysregulation. Thus, the analysis of BALF might be of diagnostic value not only in the diagnosis of CVID-ILD, but also in the evaluation of the activity of the disease and in determining potential treatment targets confirming the prominent role of B-cell targeted strategies.
APOE and MAPT Are Associated With Dementia in Neuropathologically Confirmed Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Tunold Jon-Anders , Geut Hanneke , Rozemuller J. M. Annemieke , Henriksen Sandra Pilar , Toft Mathias , van de Berg Wilma D. J. , Pihlstrøm Lasse 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Cognitive decline and dementia are common and debilitating non-motor phenotypic features of Parkinson's disease with a variable severity and time of onset. Common genetic variation of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and micro-tubule associated protein tau (MAPT) loci have been linked to cognitive decline and dementia in Parkinson's disease, although studies have yielded mixed results. To further elucidate the influence of APOE and MAPT variability on dementia in Parkinson's disease, we genotyped postmortem brain tissue samples of clinically and pathologically well-characterized Parkinson's donors and performed a survival analysis of time to dementia.Methods: We included a total of 152 neuropathologically confirmed Parkinson's disease donors with or without clinical dementia during life. We genotyped known risk variants tagging the APOE ε4 allele and MAPT H1/H2 inversion haplotype. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses adjusted for age at onset, sex and genetic principal components were performed to assess the association between the genetic variants and time from motor onset to onset of dementia.Results: We found that both the APOE ε4 allele (HR 1.82, 95 % CI 1.16–2.83, p = 0.009) and MAPT H1-haplotype (HR 1.71, 95 % CI 1.06–2.78, p = 0.03) were associated with earlier development of dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease.Conclusion: Our results provide further support for the importance of APOE ε4 and MAPT H1-haplotype in the etiology of Parkinson's disease dementia, with potential future relevance for risk stratification and patient selection for clinical trials of therapies targeting cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease.
Genetics and the Individualized Therapy of Vestibular Disorders
Authors: Mei Christine , Dong Hongsong , Nisenbaum Eric , Thielhelm Torin , Nourbakhsh Aida , Yan Denise , Smeal Molly , Lundberg Yesha , Hoffer Michael E. , Angeli Simon , Telischi Fred , Nie Guohui , Blanton Susan H. , Liu Xuezhong 
Published: February 2021

Background: Vestibular disorders (VDs) are a clinically divergent group of conditions that stem from pathology at the level of the inner ear, vestibulocochlear nerve, or central vestibular pathway. No etiology can be identified in the majority of patients with VDs. Relatively few families have been reported with VD, and so far, no causative genes have been identified despite the fact that more than 100 genes have been identified for inherited hearing loss. Inherited VDs, similar to deafness, are genetically heterogeneous and follow Mendelian inheritance patterns with all modes of transmission, as well as multifactorial inheritance. With advances in genetic sequencing, evidence of familial clustering in VD has begun to highlight the genetic causes of these disorders, potentially opening up new avenues of treatment, particularly in Meniere's disease and disorders with comorbid hearing loss, such as Usher syndrome. In this review, we aim to present recent findings on the genetics of VDs, review the role of genetic sequencing tools, and explore the potential for individualized medicine in the treatment of these disorders.Methods: A search of the PubMed database was performed for English language studies relevant to the genetic basis of and therapies for vestibular disorders, using search terms including but not limited to: “genetics,” “genomics,” “vestibular disorders,” “hearing loss with vestibular dysfunction,” “individualized medicine,” “genome-wide association studies,” “precision medicine,” and “Meniere's syndrome.”Results: Increasing numbers of studies on vestibular disorder genetics have been published in recent years. Next-generation sequencing and new genetic tools are being utilized to unearth the significance of the genomic findings in terms of understanding disease etiology and clinical utility, with growing research interest being shown for individualized gene therapy for some disorders.Conclusions: The genetic knowledge base for vestibular disorders is still in its infancy. Identifying the genetic causes of balance problems is imperative in our understanding of the biology of normal function of the vestibule and the disease etiology and process. There is an increasing effort to use new and efficient genetic sequencing tools to discover the genetic causes for these diseases, leading to the hope for precise and personalized treatment for these patients.
Effectiveness and Nephrotoxicity of Intravenous Polymyxin B in Chinese Patients With MDR and XDR Nosocomial Pneumonia
Authors: Zeng Huihui , Zeng Zihang , Kong Xianglong , Zhang Hongliang , Chen Ping , Luo Hong , Chen Yan 
Published: February 2021

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia is a major health and economic burden globally. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative bacteria are the most common causative pathogens in critically-ill patients. Polymyxin B is a salvage therapy for MDR Gram-negative pathogens; however, the current literature on its effectiveness and nephrotoxicity is limited, including in Chinese patients.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 107 patients with nosocomial pneumonia caused by MDR or XDR Gram-negative bacteria treated with intravenous polymyxin B (2–3 mg/kg/day). Renal function was evaluated on the day before commencement of polymyxin B therapy and on the third and 7 days of treatment. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine risk factors for the effectiveness and nephrotoxicity of polymyxin B. Sixty-seven (62.6%) and sixty-five (60.7%) patients had favorable clinical and microbiological responses, respectively. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) history, numbers of pathogens per patient and a favorable microbiological response were independently associated with favorable clinical outcomes of polymyxin B treatment in Chinese patients with MDR or XDR nosocomial pneumonia. Initial renal dysfunction was not associated with late nephrotoxicity (on day 7), although early nephrotoxicity (on day 3) was independently associated with late nephrotoxicity (OR = 39.43, 95% CI 7.64–203.62, p = 0.00).Conclusion: Our findings support polymyxin B treatment for MDR and XDR pneumonia, with the severity of disease and polymicrobial infection being risk factors for a poor clinical outcome. Nephrotoxicity following 3 days of polymyxin B treatment was found to be a reliable risk factor for later nephrotoxicity.
Effects of Amount, Intensity, and Mode of Exercise Training on Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the STRRIDE Randomized Trials
Authors: Ross Leanna M. , Slentz Cris A. , Zidek Alyssa M. , Huffman Kim M. , Shalaurova Irina , Otvos James D. , Connelly Margery A. , Kraus Virginia B. , Bales Connie W. , Houmard Joseph A. , Kraus William E. 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundLipoprotein Insulin Resistance Index (LP-IR) and Diabetes Risk Index are novel spectroscopic multimarkers of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes risk. As the Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise (STRRIDE) randomized trials have previously demonstrated the ability of exercise training to improve traditional markers of insulin action, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of exercise amount, intensity, and mode on LP-IR and the Diabetes Risk Index.MethodsA total of 503 adults with dyslipidemia [STRRIDE I (n = 194), STRRIDE AT/RT (n = 139)] or prediabetes [STRRIDE-PD (n = 170)] were randomized to control or one of 10 exercise interventions, ranging from doses of 8–23 kcal/kg/week; intensities of 50–75% V̇O2peak; and durations of 6–8 months. Two groups included resistance training and one included dietary intervention (7% weight loss goal). Fasting plasma samples were obtained at baseline and 16–24 h after the final exercise bout. LP-IR, the Diabetes Risk Index, and concentrations of the branched chain amino acids valine and leucine were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. LP-IR and the Diabetes Risk Index scores range from 0–100 and 1–100, respectively (greater scores indicate greater risk). Paired t-tests determined significance within groups (p &lt; 0.05).ResultsAfter training, six exercise groups significantly improved LP-IR (ranging from −4.4 ± 8.2 to −12.4 ± 14.1), and four exercise groups significantly improved the Diabetes Risk Index (ranging from −2.8 ± 8.2 to −8.3 ± 10.4). The most beneficial interventions for both LP-IR and the Diabetes Risk Index were low amount/moderate intensity aerobic, aerobic plus resistance, and aerobic plus diet.SummaryMultiple exercise interventions improved LP-IR and the Diabetes Risk Index. In those with dyslipidemia, adding resistance to aerobic training elicited a synergistic effect on insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes risk. In individuals with prediabetes, combining a dietary intervention and weight loss with aerobic training resulted in the most robust type 2 diabetes risk improvement.
Beauty That Moves: Dance for Parkinson’s Effects on Affect, Self-Efficacy, Gait Symmetry, and Dual Task Performance
Authors: Fontanesi Cecilia , DeSouza Joseph F. X. 
Published: February 2021

Background: Previous studies have investigated the effects of dance interventions on Parkinson’s motor and non-motor symptoms in an effort to develop an integrated view of dance as a therapeutic intervention. This within-subject study questions whether dance can be simply considered a form of exercise by comparing a Dance for Parkinson’s class with a matched-intensity exercise session lacking dance elements like music, metaphorical language, and social reality of art-partaking.Methods: In this repeated-measure design, 7 adults with Parkinson’s were tested four times; (i) before and (ii) after a Dance for Parkinson’s class, as well as (iii) before and (iv) after a matched-intensity exercise session. Physiological measures included heart rate and electrodermal activity. Self-reported affect and body self-efficacy were collected. Gait symmetry and dual task cost were analyzed using the 6 min walking test (6MWT) and Timed-Up-and-Go test (TUG), respectively.Results: Average heart rate was the same for both conditions, while electrodermal activity was higher during Dance for Parkinson’s. Significant differences were found in body self-efficacy, beauty subscale, symmetry of gait, and dual task performance.Conclusion: Dance, compared to an exercise intervention of matched intensity, yields different outcomes through the means of intrinsic artistic elements, which may influence affective responses, the experience of beauty, self-efficacy, and gait performance.
A Comparison of Safety, Health, and Well-Being Risk Factors Across Five Occupational Samples
Authors: Hanson Ginger C. , Rameshbabu Anjali , Bodner Todd E. , Hammer Leslie B. , Rohlman Diane S. , Olson Ryan , Wipfli Brad , Kuehl Kerry , Perrin Nancy A. , Alley Lindsey , Schue Allison , Thompson Sharon V. , Parish Megan 
Published: February 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to present safety, health and well-being profiles of workers within five occupations: call center work (N = 139), corrections (N = 85), construction (N = 348), homecare (N = 149), and parks and recreation (N = 178).Methods: Baseline data from the Data Repository of Oregon's Healthy Workforce Center were used. Measures were compared with clinical healthcare guidelines and national norms.Results: The prevalence of health and safety risks for adults was as follows: overweight (83.2%), high blood pressure (16.4%), injury causing lost work (9.9%), and reported pain (47.0%). Young workers were least likely to report adequate sleep (46.6%). Construction workers reported the highest rate of smoking (20.7%). All of the adult workers reported significantly lower general health than the general population.Conclusion: The number of workers experiencing poor safety, health and well-being outcomes suggest the need for improved working conditions.
Sistem Ekonomi Islam Dengan Aspek Kehidupan MASYARAKAT MADANI DI TINJAU DARI HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Mayasari Dwika , Putri Sarah Wijayanti 
Published: February 2021

Ekonomi Islam merupakan sarana dalam mewujudkan ekonomi masyarakat madani. Kegagalan sistem konvensional membuat terjadi penyimpangan dari nilai sosial dan nilai normatif moral masyarakat sehingga sistem itu dianggap gagal dalam membentuk sarana ekonomi masyarakat. Untuk itu instrumen ekonomi syari’ah merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam pembentukan ekonomi masyarakat madani melalaui instrumen baitul maal, lembaga zakat, lembaga wakaf, sedekah dan sebagainya.
Economic of Islam is supporting facilities for in realizing public chartered investment counsel madani. Fails of conventional system makes happened variation from value social and normative value of public morale so that the system is assumed to fails in forming faciliti public chartered investment counsel. For the purpose intstrument chartered investment counsel syari’ah is one of alternative in forming of public chartered investment counsel madani with instrument treasure house, religious obligatory institute, communal ownership institute, alms and all that.
Relaxation peaks of ZnO varistors and their correlations with electrical properties
Authors: Zhao Xia , Shi Weidong , Zhang Boyu , Guo Men , Shen Haibin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many dielectrics exhibit a (polarization) relaxation response when a time-varying electric field is applied. In some frequency bands, the amplitude of the polarization changes rapidly, with a significant dielectric loss; the maxima in the change rate are referred to as relaxation peaks. ZnO varistors exhibit a dielectric response with several relaxation peaks, but the relationship between the relaxation peaks and electrical properties has not been established. To understand this relationship, dielectric spectroscopy measurements of ZnO varistors were conducted in the temperature range of −110 °C to 200 °C in the frequency range of 10−1–106 Hz. By changing two important dopants of Bi2O3 and Sb2O3, four relaxation peaks, named Peak A, Peak B, Peak C, and Peak D, were detected. It was found that peaks A, B, and D are indispensable for higher nonlinearity and lower leakage current density. The detection of all four peaks implies that ZnO varistors possess excellent electrical properties, that is, a high breakdown field (235.2 V mm−1), nonlinear coefficient (76.2), and low leakage current density (0.065 μA cm−2).
Dynamic characteristics and device degradation of GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with an AlInN/GaN distributed Bragg reflector
Authors: Ide Toshihide , Iida Ryousuke , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Wang Xue-Lun , Takada Noriyuki , Shimizu Mitsuaki 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The dynamic characteristics of GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with an AlInN/GaN semiconductor distributed Bragg reflector has been reported for the first time. The max dynamic lasing frequency of 1.1 GHz with a wavelength of 415 nm and a threshold current of 7 mA has been demonstrated. Moreover, at the pulse lasing operation, both the steep lasing waveforms and the tailing spontaneous emission waveforms were observed in driven with the square pulse waveforms. The dynamic lasing frequency driven by the sine waveform seems to be related to this steep lasing waveform at the square pulse operation. During these dynamic measurements, the lasing characteristics of the VCSEL were gradually degraded, and the lasing power is decreased by −7 dB at the same bias condition after several hours.
NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH THÁI VÀ ĐẶC ĐIỂM SINH HỌC CỦA LOÀI BỌ RÙA THIÊN ĐỊCHOENOPIA KIRBYI (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) TẠI ĐÀ LẠT, LÂM ĐỒNG, VIỆT NAM
Authors: Tien Nguyen Thanh Thuy , Sang Nguyen Duc , Thuy Le Thi Thanh , Hue Nguyen Thi Thu , Ngan Nguyen Thi Thuy , Dan Tran Thi Thu 
Published: February 2021

Bọ rùa thiên địch là kẻ thù tự nhiên của nhiều loài sâu hại cây trồng như rệp aphid, rệp sáp, rệp vảy, bọ phấn, bọ trĩ,… Bài báo này trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu về đặc điểm hình thái và sinh học của loài bọ rùa Oenopia kirbyi (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) tại Đà Lạt (Lâm Đồng). Trong nghiên cứu, bọ rùa Oenopia kirbyi được thu thập ngoài tự nhiên ở pha trưởng thành đem về tiếp tục nuôi trong phòng thí nghiệm với thức ăn là rệp aphid để thực hiện nghiên cứu về đặc điểm hình thái và sinh học. Kết quả thu được cho thấy Oenopia kirbyi có thời gian phát triển pha trứng là 4,45 ± 0,71 ngày; pha ấu trùng (từ tuổi 1 đến tuổi 4) lần lượt là 2,63 ± 0,52 ngày, 1,91 ± 0,73 ngày, 1,70 ± 0,46 ngày và 5,78 ± 0,95 ngày; pha nhộng là 7,02 ± 0,91 ngày. Nhìn chung, thời gian phát triển trước trưởng thành là 23,49 ngày; Tuổi thọ trung bình của bọ rùa trưởng thành đực và cái tương ứng là 67,13 ± 18,77 ngày và 82,83 ± 20,25 ngày. Khả năng sinh sản là 414 ± 131,33 trứng/con cái, tỷ lệ trứng nở là 80,85%, tỷ lệ vũ hóa là 96,53%, tỷ lệ cái/đực là 1,78. Những kết quả nghiên cứu này là cơ sở cho việc nhân nuôi bọ rùa sử dụng trong kiểm soát sâu hại cây trồng tại địa phương.