bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fish cartilage: A promising source of biomaterial for biological scaffold fabrication in cartilage tissue engineering
Authors: Khajavi Maryam , Hajimoradloo Abdolmajid , Zandi Mojgan , Pezeshki‐Modaress Mohamad , Bonakdar Shahin , Zamani Abbas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHere, engineered cartilage‐like scaffold using an extracellular matrix (ECM) from sturgeon fish cartilage provided a chondroinductive environment to stimulate cartilaginous matrix synthesis in human adipose stem cells (hASCs). Three dimensional porous and degradable fish cartilage ECM‐derived scaffold (FCS) was produced using a protocol containing chemical decellularization, enzymatic solubilization, freeze‐drying and EDC‐crosslinking treatments and the effect of different ECM concentrations (10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/ml) on prepared scaffolds was investigated through physical, mechanical and biological analysis. The histological and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the elimination of the cell fragments and a 3‐D interconnected porous structure, respectively. Cell viability assay displayed no cytotoxic effects. The prepared porous constructs of fish cartilage ECM were seeded with hASCs for 21 days and compared to collagen (Col) and collagen‐10% hyaluronic acid (Col‐HA) scaffolds. Cell culture results evidenced that the fabricated scaffolds could provide a proper 3‐D structure to support the adhesion, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of hASCs considering the synthesis of specific proteins of cartilage, collagen type II (Col II) and aggrecan (ACAN). Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that the porous scaffold derived from fish cartilage ECM possesses an excellent potential for cartilage tissue engineering.
Strong association of functional polymorphism in IL‐12B with susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B in Tunisia
Authors: Ben Dhifallah Imène , Ayouni Kaouther , Jmel Haifa , Kammoun Wafa , Hamzaoui Kamel , Sadraoui Amel , Triki Henda 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe chronicity or clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection depends on viral and genetic variables. The immune response against HBV is thought to be responsible for viral persistence or clearance. Cytokines such as interleukin 1‐2B (IL1‐2B) involved in the T‐helper 1 system are key mediators in the defence mechanisms against viral infection and play a role in the regulation of HBV clearance during infection. We aimed to examine whether the polymorphic variant TaqI polymorphism in the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR; rs3212227) suspected to modulate interleukin‐levels of IL‐12B has an influence on the risk of development of chronicity after HBV exposure.MethodsGenotyping was performed by the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism method for 236 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and 240 controls from different cities of Tunisia recruited in the Pasteur Institute of Tunisia between January 2017 and December 2018.ResultsWe found that the IL‐12B polymorphism was associated with a significantly increased risk of CHB in patients (p = 1 × 10−3; χ
2 = 10.31 and odds ratio [OR] = 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30–3.52) when AC/CC variant genotypes were compared with the wild‐type AA homozygote. Statistical significance was found when CHB‐males were compared with CHB‐females (p = 2 × 10−7; χ
2 = 26.62 and p = 1 × 10−3; χ
2 = 10.36, for genotypic and allelic frequencies, respectively). Also, CHB‐patients carrying C‐allele less than 50‐years were at an increased risk of developing chronic HBV infection than patients more than 50‐years (p = 6.1 × 10−5; χ
2 = 16.07).ConclusionsThese results suggest that the C‐allele would affect susceptibility to chronicity after HBV exposure in Tunisian patients especially for males less than 50‐years. Age and sex have an influence on this polymorphism in CHB Tunisian patients.
Performances of the VitaPCR™ SARS‐CoV‐2 Assay during the second wave of the COVID‐19 epidemic in France
Authors: Fitoussi Frédéric , Dupont Raphaël , Tonen‐Wolyec Serge , Bélec Laurent 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo assess the practicability (usability and satisfaction) and analytical performances of the VitaPCR™ SARS‐CoV‐2 Assay (Credo Diagnostics Biomedical Pte. Ltd.), a rapid point‐of‐care nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), by reference to real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT‐PCR) for respiratory viruses. The practicability of the VitaPCR™ Assay and Instrument was assessed from usability evaluation and a satisfaction questionnaire. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 239 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)‐like illness during the second epidemic wave, in Paris, France. Overall, the usability of the VitaPCR™ Instrument was high. The satisfaction questionnaire indicated a high appreciation of the VitaPCR™ NAAT mainly for the short duration of analysis in only 20 min. A total of 140 and 99 samples were positive and negative for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA by rRT‐PCR, respectively. In the event of significant viral load (i.e., N gene Ct values  33), the platform's analytical performances dropped significantly, with lower sensitivity, concordance, and accuracy, while its specificity remained high. The VitaPCR™ SARS‐CoV‐2 Assay is an accurate rapid point‐of‐care NAAT, suitable for clinical practice for the rapid diagnosis of COVID‐19, especially in patients with COVID‐19‐suspected symptoms.
The inflammatory markers of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) and adolescents associated with COVID‐19: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhao Yan , Yin Lijuan , Patel Jenil , Tang Lei , Huang Ying 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to characterize inflammatory markers in comparisons of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) versus severe/non‐severe COVID‐19, severe MIS‐C versus non‐severe MIS‐C, and among age groups of MIS‐C. Nine databases were searched for studies on inflammatory markers of MIS‐C. After quality checks, data were pooled using a fixed or random effects model. Inflammatory markers included white blood cell count (WBC) or leukocytes, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), platelet count (PLT), C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), ferritin, D‐dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), fibrinogen, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) for comparisons by severity and age. Twenty‐one studies with 1735 participants yielded 787 MIS‐C patients. Compared to non‐severe COVID‐19 patients, MIS‐C patients had lower ALC and higher ANC, CRP, and D‐dimer levels. Compared to severe COVID‐19 patients, MIS‐C patients had lower LDH and PLT counts and higher ESR levels. Severe MIS‐C patients had higher levels of WBC, ANC, CRP, D‐dimer, and ferritin than non‐severe MIS‐C patients. For MIS‐C, younger children (0–5 years) had lower CRP and ferritin levels than middle‐aged/older children/adolescents. Measurement of inflammatory markers might assist clinicians in accurate evaluation and diagnosis of MIS‐C and the associated disorders.
From Creative Environment to Administrative Innovation: Creation and Implementation in Top Management Teams
Authors: Chen Lu , Gong Yaping , Song Yifan , Wang Mo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDrawing upon the stage model of innovation and the ability–motivation–opportunity (AMO) framework, we hypothesize the mediating role of top management team (TMT) creativity and the moderating roles of external social capital and environmental uncertainty in the relationship between TMT creative team environment and a firm’s administrative innovation. We collected multisource data from 136 TMTs and tested the hypotheses using bootstrap method with SPSS 23.0. As hypothesized, TMT creativity mediated the relationship between a creative team environment and administrative innovation. Moreover, external social capital amplified the effect of a creative team environment on TMT creativity and subsequently its indirect effect on administrative innovation via TMT creativity, whereas environmental uncertainty weakened the effect of a creative team environment on TMT creativity and subsequently its indirect effect on administrative innovation via TMT creativity. We advanced team creativity theory and research by showing how internal and external environment jointly shape creativity and innovation. We not only tested the stage model of innovation by showing TMT creativity as a mechanism linking creative team environment and administrative innovation, but also extended it by revealing external boundary conditions for this mechanism. Finally, we contribute to the upper echelon research by revealing the negative role of environmental uncertainty in the TMT creation stage.
Greening of the boreal peatland food web: Periphyton supports secondary production in northern peatlands
Authors: Ferguson Hannah M. , Slagle Elizabeth J. , McCann Ann Ashlea , Walls Jeremy T. , Wyatt Kevin H. , Rober Allison R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCharacterizing spatial and temporal variability of food web dynamics is necessary to predict how wetter and more nutrient‐rich conditions expected with climate change will influence the fate of organic matter within northern peatlands. The goals of this study were to (1) document spatial and temporal variability in the contribution of periphyton to peatland food webs using isotope analysis (13C and 15N), and (2) quantify the influence of increased nutrient availability on primary and secondary production across a gradient of rich, moderate, and poor fen peatlands common to the northern boreal biome. We established replicate m2 plots within each fen located in interior Alaska to quantify periphyton (algae and bacteria) and macroinvertebrate biomass with and without nutrient addition throughout a growing season (May–August). Stable isotope analysis showed that periphyton contributed = 65% of organic matter to the food web over time and across fens compared to = 7% from plants or detritus. The transfer of basal resources was reflected in an increase in herbivore biomass as algal biomass increased over time in all fens, followed by an increase in predatory macroinvertebrates during the latter part of the growing season. Furthermore, all measures of periphyton and macroinvertebrate biomass were enhanced by nutrient addition. These data provide insight into patterns of natural variation within the aquatic food web of boreal peatlands and show that basal resources within this ecosystem, which are generally considered to be “detritus‐based,” are actually driven by periphyton with minimal input from plant detrital pathways.
Review of Surface Modification Technologies for Mid‐Infrared Antireflection Microstructures Fabrication
Authors: Bushunov Andrey A. , Tarabrin Mikhail K. , Lazarev Vladimir A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMid‐infrared materials antireflection is in high demand for high‐powered or ultra‐broadband coherent light sources, where conventional antireflection coatings cannot be reliably applied. This work provides a critical review of the recent advances in microstructure fabrication technology for mid‐infrared antireflection applications. Several techniques are reviewed, including direct imprinting, wet and reactive ion etching using conventional photoresist masking, novel colloid crystal masks, and maskless etching, laser‐induced periodic structure formation, and multiple laser ablation method modifications, including femtosecond laser direct writing, direct laser interference ablation, and single pulse ablation. The advantages and drawbacks of the different approaches are discussed in detail to highlight the most promising techniques for the fabrication of antireflection microstructures capable of achieving 99% transmittance in the 2–16 m range.
Green InGaN Quantum Dots Breaking through Efficiency and Bandwidth Bottlenecks of Micro‐LEDs
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Lai , Chen Chien‐Ju , Chen Kai‐Chia , Hao Zhibiao , Luo Yi , Sun Changzheng , Wu Meng‐Chyi , Yu Jiadong , Han Yanjun , Xiong Bing , Wang Jian , Li Hongtao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMicro‐LEDs are regarded as ideal light sources for next‐generation display and high‐speed visible‐light communication (VLC). However, the conventional micro‐LEDs based on InGaN quantum well (QW) active region suffer from a low efficiency under small injection (below 1 A cm−2) due to the size‐dependent effect and a limited 3 dB bandwidth (hundreds of MHz) due to quantum‐confined Stark effect. Here, InGaN quantum dots (QDs) are proposed as the active region of micro‐LEDs to address these challenges for their strong localization and low‐strain features. Green InGaN QDs are self‐assembled under Stranski–Krastanov (SK) and Volmer–Weber (VW) modes by using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. The SK QDs can shift the peak efficiency of a micro‐LED to an extremely low current density of 0.5 A cm−2 (almost two orders of magnitude lower compared to QW ones) with an external quantum efficiency of 18.2% (nearly two times higher than present green micro‐LEDs). Besides, green micro‐LEDs based on VW QDs reach a 3 dB bandwidth of 1.3 GHz. These results indicate that InGaN QDs can provide an ultimate solution to micro‐LEDs for display and VLC applications, especially since they are fully compatible with current light‐emitting diode (LED) industrial technology.
Learning health systems: A review of key topic areas and bibliometric trends
Authors: Pomare Chiara , Mahmoud Zeyad , Vedovi Alex , Ellis Louise A. , Knaggs Gilbert , Smith Carolynn L. , Zurynski Yvonne , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe emergent field of learning health systems (LHSs) has been rapidly evolving as the concept continues to be embraced by researchers, managers, and clinicians. This paper reports on a scoping review and bibliometric analysis of the LHS literature to identify key topic areas and examine the influence and spread of recent research.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of LHS literature published between January 2016 and May 2020. The authors extracted publication data (eg, journal, country, authors, citation count, keywords) and reviewed full‐texts to identify: type of study (empirical, non‐empirical, or review), degree of focus (general or specific), and the reference used when defining LHSs.ResultsA total of 272 publications were included in this review. Almost two thirds (65.1%) of the included articles were non‐empirical and over two‐thirds (68.4%) were from authors in the United States. More than half of the publications focused on specific areas, for example: oncology, cardiovascular care, and genomic medicine. Other key topic areas included: ethics, research, quality improvement, and electronic health records. We identified that definitions of the LHS concept are converging; however, many papers focused on data platforms and analytical processes rather than organisational and behavioural factors to support change and learning activities.ConclusionsThe literature on LHSs remains largely theoretical with definitions of LHSs focusing on technical processes to reuse data collected during the clinical process and embedding analysed data back into the system. A shift in the literature to empirical LHS studies with consideration of organisational and human factors is warranted.
Facile and Eco‐Friendly Fabrication of Multifunctional Melamine Sponge for Labeled Cr(VI) Removal and Highly Efficient Oil/Water Separation
Authors: Wang Shuxian , Chi Hong , Sun Haixin , Zhang Guocheng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFabrication of multifunctional adsorbent of single‐phase material is quite challenging and meaningful for water treatment. In this work, a polyaminosiloxane functionalized melamine sponge is used to remove both heavy metal ions and oil from water. Benefiting from its porous structure, superhydrophobic surface, and abundant amino groups on the surface, the sponge shows excellent performance in Cr(VI) removal and oil/water separation. Notably, the sponge exhibits fluorescent detection function for Cr(VI) owing to the packing of Schiff‐base bonds, facilitating the adsorption process to be monitored in real time. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) is 252.82 mg g−1 with good selectivity. In addition to the excellent Cr(VI) removal performance, its superhydrophobic nature allows it to adsorb 92.42 times the weight of oil and realize 99.97% oil/water separation efficiency. This trifunctional cost‐effective adsorption material shows great potential for large‐scale water purification application.
Quantitative anatomy mimicking slice phantoms
Authors: Gopalan Karthik , Tamir Jonathan I. , Arias Ana C. , Lustig Michael 
Published: March 2021

PurposeTo present a reproducible methodology for building an anatomy mimicking phantom with targeted T1 and T2 contrast for use in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsWe propose a reproducible method for creating high‐resolution, quantitative slice phantoms. The phantoms are created using gels with different concentrations of NiCl2 and MnCl2 to achieve targeted T1 and T2 values. We describe a calibration method for accurately targeting anatomically realistic relaxation pairs. In addition, we developed a method of fabricating slice phantoms by extruding 3D printed walls on acrylic sheets. These procedures are combined to create a physical analog of the Brainweb digital phantom.ResultsWith our method, we are able to target specific T1/T2 values with less than 10% error. Additionally, our slice phantoms look realistic since their geometries are derived from anatomical data.ConclusionStandardized and accurate tools for validating new techniques across sequences, platforms, and different imaging sites are important. Anatomy mimicking, multi‐contrast phantoms designed with our procedures could be used for evaluating, testing, and verifying model‐based methods.
Psychosocial aftercare of adolescent and young adult cancer survivors in Germany: Awareness, utilisation, satisfaction and associated factors
Authors: Sender Annekathrin , Friedrich Michael , Leuteritz Katja , Stuckenberg Erik , Richter Diana , Stöbel‐Richter Yve , Lordick Florian , Geue Kristina 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimThis study systematically assesses the awareness of, utilisation of and satisfaction with psychosocial care for adolescents and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors in aftercare.MethodsSurvivors between 18 and 39 years were surveyed in aftercare. Awareness of, utilisation of and satisfaction with psychological counselling (PC), social‐legal counselling (SLC) and other psychosocial care (OPC) were measured using self‐developed questionnaires. Multivariate analyses were conducted to determine factors correlated with awareness and use of psychosocial care.ResultsFive hundred and fourteen survivors participated; the mean age at diagnosis was 29.6 years (SD = 6.14). 54% of cancer survivors were aware of PC, 45% of SLC and 24% of OPC. Those who possessed knowledge about these services used it to a considerable extent (63%–74%), and the majority (66%–75%) was highly satisfied. No common factors could be found that increase the likelihood of being aware of these three services (R2 = 0.028–0.138). Female gender (OR = 2.08–2.18) and high anxiety (OR = 1.19–1.38) were identified as common factors that increase the likelihood of utilising psychosocial services (R2 = 0.160–0.395).ConclusionAYA who are aware of psychosocial services in aftercare are motivated to use them and express high satisfaction with use. For the utilisation of psychosocial services, anxiety and female gender can be identified as common factors. The visibility of psychosocial services for aftercare should be increased given the high number of unaware AYA survivors. The active and repeated addressing of psychosocial issues and regular provision of information (e.g., written guides on survivorship) by caregivers should be made a standard of care for AYA cancer survivors.
Predicting lipid and ligand binding sites in TRPV1 channel by molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning
Authors: Zheng Wenjun , Wen Han 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs a key cellular sensor, the TRPV1 channel undergoes a gating transition from a closed state to an open state in response to many physical and chemical stimuli. This transition is regulated by small‐molecule ligands including lipids and various agonists/antagonists, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure. Thanks to recent revolution in cryo‐electron microscopy, a growing list of new structures of TRPV1 and other TRPV channels have been solved in complex with various ligands including lipids. Toward elucidating how ligand binding correlates with TRPV1 gating, we have performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations (with cumulative time of 20 μs), starting from high‐resolution structures of TRPV1 in both the closed and open states. By comparing between the open and closed state ensembles, we have identified state‐dependent binding sites for small‐molecule ligands in general and lipids in particular. We further use machine learning to predict top ligand‐binding sites as important features to classify the closed vs open states. The predicted binding sites are thoroughly validated by matching homologous sites in all structures of TRPV channels bound to lipids and other ligands, and with previous functional/mutational studies of ligand binding in TRPV1. Taken together, this study has integrated rich structural, dynamic, and functional data to inform future design of small‐molecular drugs targeting TRPV1.
Power and sample size forGEEanalysis of incomplete paired outcomes in 2 × 2 crossover trials
Authors: Tang Yongqiang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe 2 × 2 crossover trial uses subjects as their own control to reduce the intersubject variability in the treatment comparison, and typically requires fewer subjects than a parallel design. The generalized estimating equations (GEE) methodology has been commonly used to analyze incomplete discrete outcomes from crossover trials. We propose a unified approach to the power and sample size determination for the WaldZ‐test andt‐test from GEE analysis of paired binary, ordinal and count outcomes in crossover trials. The proposed method allows misspecification of the variance and correlation of the outcomes, missing outcomes, and adjustment for the period effect. We demonstrate that misspecification of the working variance and correlation functions leads to no or minimal efficiency loss in GEE analysis of paired outcomes. In general, GEE requires the assumption of missing completely at random. For bivariate binary outcomes, we show by simulation that the GEE estimate is asymptotically unbiased or only minimally biased, and the proposed sample size method is suitable under missing at random (MAR) if the working correlation is correctly specified. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated with several numerical examples. Adaption of the method to other paired outcomes is discussed.