bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transport-driven aerosol differences above and below the canopy of a mixed deciduous forest
Authors: Bui Alexander A. T. , Wallace Henry W. , Kavassalis Sarah , Alwe Hariprasad D. , Flynn James H. , Erickson Matt H. , Alvarez Sergio , Millet Dylan B. , Steiner Allison L. , Griffin Robert J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Exchanges of energy and mass between the surrounding air
and plant surfaces occur below, within, and above a forest's vegetative
canopy. The canopy also can lead to vertical gradients in light, trace
gases, oxidant availability, turbulent mixing, and properties and
concentrations of organic aerosol (OA). In this study, a high-resolution
time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer was used to measure non-refractory
submicron aerosol composition and concentration above (30 m) and below (6 m) a
forest canopy in a mixed deciduous forest at the Program for Research on
Oxidants: PHotochemistry, Emissions, and Transport tower in northern
Michigan during the summer of 2016. Three OA factors are resolved using
positive matrix factorization: more-oxidized oxygenated organic aerosol
(MO-OOA), isoprene-epoxydiol-derived organic aerosol (IEPOX-OA), and 91Fac
(a factor characterized with a distinct fragment ion at m/z 91) from both the
above- and the below-canopy inlets. MO-OOA was most strongly associated with
long-range transport from more polluted regions to the south, while IEPOX-OA
and 91Fac were associated with shorter-range transport and local oxidation
chemistry. Overall vertical similarity in aerosol composition, degrees of
oxidation, and diurnal profiles between the two inlets was observed
throughout the campaign, which implies that rapid in-canopy transport of
aerosols is efficient enough to cause relatively consistent vertical
distributions of aerosols at this scale. However, four distinct vertical
gradient episodes are identified for OA, with vertical concentration
differences (above-canopy minus below-canopy concentrations) in total OA of
up to 0.8 µg m−3, a value that is 42 % of the campaign average OA
concentration of 1.9 µg m−3. The magnitude of these differences
correlated with concurrent vertical differences in either sulfate aerosol or
ozone. These differences are likely driven by a combination of long-range
transport mechanisms, canopy-scale mixing, and local chemistry. These results
emphasize the importance of including vertical and horizontal transport
mechanisms when interpreting trace gas and aerosol data in forested
environments.
Wind speed stilling and its recovery due to internal climate variability
Authors: Wohland Jan , Folini Doris , Pickering Bryn 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Near-surface winds affect many processes on planet Earth, ranging from fundamental biological mechanisms such as pollination to man-made infrastructure that is designed to resist or harness wind. The observed systematic wind speed decline up to around 2010 (stilling) and its subsequent recovery have therefore attracted much attention. While this sequence of downward and upwards trends and good connections to well-established modes of climate variability suggest that stilling could be a manifestation of multidecadal climate variability, a systematic investigation is currently lacking. Here, we use the Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble (MPI-GE) to decompose internal variability from forced changes in wind speeds. We report that wind speed changes resembling observed stilling and its recovery are well in line with internal climate variability, both under current and future climate conditions. Moreover, internal climate variability outweighs forced changes in wind speeds on 20-year timescales by 1 order of magnitude, despite the fact that smaller, forced changes become relevant in the long run as they represent alterations of mean states. In this regard, we reveal that land use change plays a pivotal role in explaining MPI-GE ensemble-mean wind changes in the representative concentration pathways 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5. Our results demonstrate that multidecadal wind speed variability is of greater relevance than forced changes over the 21st century, in particular for wind-related infrastructure like wind energy.
An analysis of students’ difficulties in comprehending narrative text
Authors: Desi Sapitri  , Fitri Novia  , Rachmanita  
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study was to find out students’ difficulties faced by the Eight Grade Students at SMP N3 Tanjung Raja in Comprehending English reading text. The method was used descriptive qualitative research. The participants of this study was all of the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Tanjung Raja. The technique for collecting the data was multiple choice. Based on the result, it was found that the percentage of difficulty in indicator not clearly stated information was 55.90%, the percentage of difficulty in indicator reference of the text was 59.54%, the percentage of difficulty in indicator find moral value of the text was 64.23%, the percentage of difficulty in indicator find the deducing meaning was 55.27%, the percentage of difficulty in indicator find the specific information was 56.35%, the percentage of difficulty in indicator find the detailed information was 67.05%, and the percentage of difficulty in indicator find the main idea was 54.81%
Resistência aos antibióticos de uso oral a partir de isolados de urina de pacientes não hospitalizados
Authors: Bezerra Maria Eduarda Campos , Melo Rosilma , Montenegro Francisco 
Published: November 2021

O índice da resistência antimicrobiana (RAM) cresce progressivamente no mundo e acaba limitando a eficácia de tratamento de doenças comuns, como a infecção do trato urinário (ITU). Além disso, na atualidade, a RAM é apontada como um dos principais problemas de saúde pública. Diante do exposto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a resistência bacteriana frente aos antibióticos orais mais comumente utilizados para o tratamento das ITU em pacientes ambulatoriais, bem como a identificação das bactérias isoladas. Foi realizado um estudo observacional experimental com abordagem quantitativa no período de janeiro a maio de 2019, desenvolvido em um hospital privado de alta complexidade localizado na cidade do Recife, PE. Foram incluídas no estudo todas as uroculturas positivas de pacientes adultos atendidos no ambulatório do referido hospital, onde foi utilizado, para a identificação bacteriana, o equipamento MALDI – TOF (Matrix Associated Laser Desorption-Ionization – Time of Flight). Foram analisadas um total de 379 amostras positivas de uroculturas, das quais 16 (4,2%) representavam espécies sem interesse clínico, pois obtiveram uma porcentagem de frequência muito baixa, bem como 327 (86,3%) pertenciam a três espécies de bactérias Gram-negativas: Escherichia coli (72,8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16,2%) e Proteus mirabilis (11%). Enquanto nas 36 (9,5%) amostras foram identificadas duas espécies Gram-positivas: Staphylococcus saprophyticus (66,7%) e Enterococcus faecalis (33,3%). Foi possível observar que o antibiótico oral com maior percentual de resistência foi o sulfametoxazol + trimetoprima com 24,5% seguido da ciprofloxacina com 22,1%, cefuroxima (16,7%), amoxicilina + clavulanato (13,0%) e nitrofurantoína (8,1%). De acordo com recomendação, é excluído o uso de antibióticos que apresentarem resistência acima de 20%, desta forma os únicos antibióticos por via oral que possui perfil terapêutico adequado para o tratamento empírico dos pacientes adultos com ITU na região do presente estudo são cefuroxima, amoxicilina + clavulanato e nitrofurantoína.
UNBEARABLE TRAUMA AND IRREPARABLE DAMAGE: MATERNAL DEATH BY SUICIDE RAISES SERIOUS PERPLEXITIES
Authors: Dias e Almeida Kayo Resende , Oliveira Séphora Natércia Albuquerque , Rolim Neto Modesto Leite 
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION: Maternal death by suicide raises serious perplexities. The ICD-10 classifies maternal suicide as an indirect form of maternal death. Due to this current misclassification, a classificatory consensus of maternal suicide as a direct form of maternal death is urgent.
OBJECTIVE: Analyze the psychological that permeate the phenomenon of maternal suicide, to define the profile of mothers in the postpartum period and pregnant women who commit suicide, with the purpose of elucidating ways of preventing maternal suicide.
METHOD: A systematic review was made following the PRISMA protocol (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis).
RESULTS: Twenty-one studies reported the urgent need to implement interventions in order to prevent or reduce mental health problems caused by mothers and pregnant women who commit suicide. Twenty studies demonstrate the need for interventions to organizational adjustments, especially related to the emotional conflicts involved suicide and maternity.
CONCLUSION: Maternal suicide is mainly caused by severe psychiatric disorders, however, higher suicide rates are seen due to psychosocial factors, such as poor familial support and domestic violence, illegal substance abuse and alcoholism, history of sexual or physical violence, racial oppression, economic instability, unwanted pregnancy, difficulty in accessing intentional abortion, and trauma related to past maternity experiences.
The memory of an outrageous public health scandal
Authors: Rolim Sally de França Lacerda , Silva Claudio Gleidiston Lima da , Ramirez Fabian Danilo Unigarro , Pinheiro Raul Cesar Fortaleza , Paula Juliane dos Anjos de , Lima Nádia Nara Rolim , Rolim Neto Modesto Leite 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Manaus is an isolated city, localized in the hearth of the Amazonas rainforest, with two million inhabitants, a big territorial extension, distant from neighbor cities and next to the shores of Negro and Solimões rivers. The access overland is difficult, which obligates the oxygen tanks be transported by river or air. This created and enormous logistical problem, added to the neglect of the Federal Government with the northern region of the country.
Objective: Analyze what are the psychiatric repercussions on the explosion of in the lack of oxygen in Manaus, capital of the Amazonas, Brazil.
Methods: Studies were identified using large-circulation international journals.
Results: A scandal is happening. This situation is creating a grief community – particular grief became a common and public one – to the memory of an outrageous public health scandal. Therefore, dramatic stories of families of patients and the overwhelmed healthcare professionals shared on the social media and local press brings glimpses of the angst of this chaos. An entire wing of patients died caused by the oxygen depletion.
Conclusion: This situation is causing a collective hysteria, taking healthcare workers and families of patients to desperation. Fear appears to be a consequence of the feeling of powerlessness. Anxiety levels are really elevated causing direct side effects to another mental health measures.
Seasonal and Spatial Variations of Iron and Zinc Values in Meadows with a Semi-Arid Climate
Authors: Bashir Humayun , Khan Zafar Iqbal , Ahmad Kafeel 
Published: November 2021

Seasonal changes in the climate, as well as in plants and species living in this environment, which causes serious problems. Current work was carried out to evaluate the seasonal impact on the concentration of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in soil, forages and animals. A semi arid dry climatic area of Pakistan was selected to find out the seasonal effects on soil and availability of Zn and Fe, and its translocation to forages and animals. Twenty seven forages were collected and 320 ruminant samples collected from two sites in four seasons. Effect of spatial-temporal variations were studied on the ruminants of four physiological stages (Does, Bucks, Wether and Juvenile). Different sources from goats including blood, feces and urine were collected for the analysis of Zn and Fe. Results showed that both elements in soil were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by season and site x season. In forages, only site showed significant effect on Fe and Zn, while Zn was affected non-significantly (P > 0.05) by season and site x season. Zn and Fe in goats were non-significantly affected by season and source x stages, while significantly affected by sites and sources. All values of both elements were in safe limits except deficiency of Fe (1.69 to 2.33 mg/L) in blood. Results of health indices were also in the limits. Current work encircles the spatio- temporal effects on mineral availability in the food chain and also concern the health effects related to ruminant health.
Nauczanie zdalne – zmiany w kanonie kształcenia ogólnego, innowacje, praktyczne problemy
Authors: Krzyszkowska Małgorzata , Motak Anna , Zięć Maria 
Published: November 2021

Realizacja innowacji pedagogicznej ma na celu ubogacenie lekcji, wspieranie wszechstronnego rozwoju uczniów, ułatwianie zapamiętywania, a tym samym poprawę jakości pracy szkoły. Nie ulega wątpliwości, że dobrze zaplanowana i przeprowadzona innowacja nie tylko bardziej angażuje samych uczniów w proces poznawczy, ale także wymaga od nauczyciela dodatkowych, kreatywnych i celowych działań. W warunkach szkolnych, stacjonarnych realizacja działalności innowacyjnej nie powinna przysparzać wielu trudności. Mamy bowiem do dyspozycji mnogość środków dydaktycznych, możemy wybierać spośród szerokiego wachlarza metod. Nieco inaczej sytuacja wygląda podczas nauczania zdalnego.
Nauczanie online ma zarówno zalety, jak i wady. Istnieje szeroka gama programów i platform, które mogą być bardzo przydatne, np. w nauczaniu języka angielskiego, takie jak: Insta.ling, Learningapps, Wordwall, Liveworksheets oraz Quizlett. Problemem mogą być kwestie technologiczne. Niektórzy uczniowie bez niezawodnego dostępu do Internetu mają trudności w uczestniczeniu w zajęciach online. U pewnej grupy można zauważyć także brak motywacji i samodyscypliny – nie każdy uczeń ma tyle motywacji do nauki oraz samodyscypliny, aby samodzielnie przygotować się do zajęć.
The Influence of Rheumatoid Arthritis on Work Productivity among a Sample of Iraqi Patients
Authors: Isho Gorial Faiq , Jabbar Naema Sattar , Oda Ali Hameed , Hussain Saad Abdulrahman 
Published: November 2021

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that impact daily life activities. The impact on work productivity is critical because of persistent work disability. Aim: To evaluate work productivity in RA patients compared to healthy controls, and to assess the impact of socio-demographic characteristics on work productivity. Methods: This was a case-control study conducted at the Rheumatology Unit of Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City during the period from August 2020 to the end of March 2021. Seventy-two patients with RA were selected and compared with 72 healthy subjects as a control group. All patients were diagnosed according to ACR/EULAR 2010 RA classification criteria. The socio-demographic and clinical features, lifestyle practices, and disease activity of the patients and controls were all recorded during interviews. A standardized Arabic version of the Workplace Activity Limitation Scale (WALS) and the Job Limitations Questionnaire were used to assess the impact of RA on work productivity (WLQ-25). Results: The vast majority of patients were females (58.1%). Positive rheumatoid factor was reported in 94.4% of the patients. The patients showed a significantly lower WALS total score and higher WLQ-25 total score median (IQR) compared with controls. Conclusion: Active RA impairs the work productivity which was influenced by CDAI score and negatively associated with the use of DMARDs.
Sea level rise and its impact on storm surge and tide in Shanghai
Authors: QIN ZENGHAO 
Published: November 2021

Based on both the historical tidal gauge and ground subsidence records for the seven stations in Shanghai region, a non-linear statistical model fitting the variation of the mean annual eustatic sea level (ESL) is established to reveal the characteristics of the ESL in the past century and to estimate the mean annual relative sea level (RSL) in the next five decades by the model extrapolation for Shanghai region. The estimated values of the sea level rises are assessed to be fairly reasonable. The impact of the estimated sea level rise in the coming decades on the storm surges and tides in Shanghai region is numerically computed by using the two-dimensional nonlinear storm surge and tide dynamic models.
In addition, on the basis of numerical integration of the same dynamic model, the probable maximum water levels resulting from the RSL in the coming decades are also estimated by the probable optimal combination of the track, intensity, landfall site, incident angle of tropical cyclone and spring tide.
ATLAS MİTİ’NDEN TULPAR MİTİ’NE KADINLARIN KENDİ OLMA MÜCADELESİ BAĞLAMINDA MERİDYENİN MERYEMLERİ
Authors: KARACA Nesrin , KESKİN Kadriye 
Published: November 2021

Sacide Fikret Çobanoğlu tarafından kaleme alınan Meridyenin Meryemleri, kadınlık ve kadınlığa dair meseleleri odağa almasıyla, Bursa’nın mistik, kültürel yaşantısını gözler önüne sermesiyle ve başkahraman Handan’ın geliştirdiği paralel evrenler teorisiyle çok boyutlu bir romandır. Bu çok boyutluluk beraberinde roman tekniklerinin de çeşitlenmesini getirmiş, ele alınan meseleler, kullanılan tekniklerle belirgin kılınmıştır. Eserin iki mitle bağıntılı olarak bölümlenmesi yine aynı doğrultudadır. Başkahraman Nimet Handan Altay ve onun çevresindeki kadınların özelinde ataerkil sistemin kıskacında debelenen kadınların omuzlarındaki yükler, Atlas ile bağdaştırılırken kendi olarak var olma savaşı veren kadınlar tulpar ile özdeşleştirilmiştir. Başkahramanın ölüm ve hayat kıyısında durup yaptığı sorgulamalar, onu bir devir daim fikrine götürmüş ve paralel evrenler teorisini geliştirmesini sağlamıştır. Bu teoriye göre Handan, insanın tekâmülü tamamlayana kadar aynı beden ve aynı bilinçle değişik formlarda (katı-sıvı-gaz) başka evrenlerde yaşamını devam ettirdiğini ileri sürer. Handan’ın paralel evrenler teorisinin altyapısını destekleyen ise Bursa’nın uhrevi havası ve sık sık dinlediği veli menkıbeleridir. Başkahramanın hayatına teklifsizce dahil olan ikiz kardeş ruhu ise geride bıraktığı bir defterde Handan’dan önce deneyimlediklerini ve bir teori olarak geliştiremese de paralel evrenlere dair aynı fikirleri kaydeder. Bu durum iki kadının ruhunun buluştuğu ortak noktaları gözler önüne serer. Nitekim iki kadın da ataerkil sistemin yaşam savaşına aynı reaksiyonu göstererek katılmıştır.
Ataerkil sistemde Atlas olmak yerine tulpar gibi kanatlanan kadınların ruhunu özgür bir evrene kanatlanabileceğini vurgulayan Meridyenin Meryemleri adlı eser, yukarıdaki izlenimler doğrultusunda ele alınmıştır.
Thuật toán sinh số nguyên tố tất định hiệu quả trên thiết bị nhúng
Authors: Lai Trần Duy , Thức Hoàng Văn , Nam Trần Duy 
Published: November 2021

Tóm tắt—Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi giới thiệu thuật toán sinh số nguyên tố tất định dùng trong mật mã có thể cài đặt hiệu quả trên các thiết bị nhúng. Đóng góp chính của chúng tôi là làm tường minh về đảm bảo cơ sở lý thuyết và cài đặt thực tế thuật toán nêu trên.
Abstract—In this paper, we introduce a provable prime generation algorithm, which is used in cryptography and can be implemented efficiently on embedded devices. Our main contribution is to make sure that the theoretical backgr clear, correct and implement that algorithm.
Management and Sustainability of Greek Wetlands
Authors: E. Mpeza Paraskevi 
Published: November 2021

Greece has today about 400 large and small wetlands. Some of them are international importance and some are considered as national importance. Several of them are composite and form wetland mosaics or complexes. The most common wetland types in Greece are: rivers, estuaries, deltas, lagoons, shallow lakes, shallow marine formations, marshes. Their total area is still quite large (210,000 ha) in spite of the heavy losses that occurred during the last two generations Threats of degradation are drainage, dam construction, irrigation networks, alteration in river morphology such as diversion flow, clearing of natural vegetation which alter hydrological regime and affect wetland function. Sustainable agriculture in the hydrological basins of important wetlands should be considered because these systems are threaten most.
The Researcher’s Role: An Intervention Study Using Lesson Study in Norway
Authors: Hauge Kåre 
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study has been to investigate the researcher’s role in an intervention study using Lesson Study as a mediating artifact for teachers’ professional development. The research question addressed in this article is: “How can the researcher act and react to the challenges that emerge when enhancing the development of practice and still allow teachers to own and manage the project”? An argument for this study is that there are several studies that point out that the researcher’s role in intervention research in which teachers and researchers cooperate are of great importance. At the same time, little research describes the researcher’s role and function during a research project. This article describes and explores the researcher’s role in facing challenges in a practice-oriented intervention during the study. This study lasted for a period of two years. To answer the research question, I have used several data sources to get a holistic picture of the researcher role. Data sources consist of interviews, teacher’s reflection notes, research log and observations. This study verifies that the researcher’s role and approach are of crucial importance for change and development.
Ophthalmic Disorders in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Associated with Preeclampsia
Authors: Cvitkovic Katarina , Pusic Sesar Anita , Sesar Antonio , Cavar Ivan 
Published: November 2021

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiological entity presented with different symptoms such as visual disturbances, headaches, seizures, severe hypertension and altered mental status. It has been recognized in a different pathological conditions, although preeclampsia/eclampsia is the most common cause of PRES. The pathogenesis of PRES is still not fully understood, but it seems that failure of cerebrovascular autoregulation causing vasogenic edema, cerebral vasoconstriction, and disruption of the blood brain barrier plays an important role. Cortical blindness, hypertensive retinopathy, serous retinal detachment (SRD), central retinal artery and vein occlusions, retinal or vitreous hemorrhages, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) and Purtscher’s retinopathy are ophthalmic disorders that may occur in PRES associated with preeclampsia. Among these, cortical blindness is the best documented complication of preeclampsia. Magnet resonance imaging (MRI) is a gold standard to establish the diagnosis of PRES because clinical findings are not sufficiently specific. Typically, there are bilateral cortical occipital lesions with hyperdensity on T2-weighted MRI. Blindness due to occipital lesions is reversible and the vision loss is usually regained within 4 h to 8 days.