bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic stress in practice assistants: An analytic approach comparing four machine learning classifiers with a standard logistic regression model
Authors: Bozorgmehr Arezoo , Thielmann Anika , Weltermann Birgitta 
Published: May 2021

Background
Occupational stress is associated with adverse outcomes for medical professionals and patients. In our cross-sectional study with 136 general practices, 26.4% of 550 practice assistants showed high chronic stress. As machine learning strategies offer the opportunity to improve understanding of chronic stress by exploiting complex interactions between variables, we used data from our previous study to derive the best analytic model for chronic stress: four common machine learning (ML) approaches are compared to a classical statistical procedure.

Methods
We applied four machine learning classifiers (random forest, support vector machine, K-nearest neighbors’, and artificial neural network) and logistic regression as standard approach to analyze factors contributing to chronic stress in practice assistants. Chronic stress had been measured by the standardized, self-administered TICS-SSCS questionnaire. The performance of these models was compared in terms of predictive accuracy based on the ‘operating area under the curve’ (AUC), sensitivity, and positive predictive value.

Findings
Compared to the standard logistic regression model (AUC 0.636, 95% CI 0.490–0.674), all machine learning models improved prediction: random forest +20.8% (AUC 0.844, 95% CI 0.684–0.843), artificial neural network +12.4% (AUC 0.760, 95% CI 0.605–0.777), support vector machine +15.1% (AUC 0.787, 95% CI 0.634–0.802), and K-nearest neighbours +7.1% (AUC 0.707, 95% CI 0.556–0.735). As best prediction model, random forest showed a sensitivity of 99% and a positive predictive value of 79%. Using the variable frequencies at the decision nodes of the random forest model, the following five work characteristics influence chronic stress: too much work, high demand to concentrate, time pressure, complicated tasks, and insufficient support by practice leaders.

Conclusions
Regarding chronic stress prediction, machine learning classifiers, especially random forest, provided more accurate prediction compared to classical logistic regression. Interventions to reduce chronic stress in practice personnel should primarily address the identified workplace characteristics.
Perceived stress may mediate the relationship between antenatal depressive symptoms and preterm birth: A pilot observational cohort study
Authors: Lalani Sharifa , Dosani Aliyah , Forcheh Ntonghanwah , Premji Shahirose Sadrudin , Siddiqui Sana , Shaikh Kiran , Mian Ayesha , Yim Ilona S. ,   the Maternal-infant Global Health Team (MiGHT) Collaborators in Research
Published: May 2021

BackgroundScreening for changes in pregnancy-related anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy may further our understanding of the relationship between these two variables and preterm birth.ObjectivesTo determine whether changes in pregnancy-related anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy influence the risk of preterm birth among Pakistani women; explore whether perceived stress moderates or mediates this relationship, and examine the relationship between the various components of pregnancy-related anxiety and preterm birth.MethodsA prospective cohort study design was used to recruit a diverse sample of 300 low-risk pregnant women from four centers of Aga Khan Hospital for Women and Children in Karachi, Pakistan. Changes in pregnancy-related anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy were tested. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine a predictive model for preterm birth. We then determined if the influence of perceived stress could moderate or mediate the effect of depressive symptoms on preterm birth.ResultsChanges in pregnancy-related anxiety (OR = 1.1, CI 0.97–1.17, p = 0.167) and depressive symptoms (OR = 0.9, CI 0.85–1.03, p = 0.179) were insignificant as predictors of preterm birth after adjusting for the effects of maternal education and family type. When perceived stress was added into the model, we found that changes in depressive symptoms became marginally significant after adjusting for covariates (OR = 0.9, CI 0.82–1.01, p = 0.082). After adjusting for the mediation effect of change in perceived stress, the effect of change in depressive symptoms on preterm birth were marginally significant after adjusting for covariates. Among six different dimensions of pregnancy-related anxiety, mother’s concerns about fetal health showed a trend towards being predictive of preterm birth (OR = 1.3, CI 0.97–1.72, p = 0.078).ConclusionsThere may be a relationship between perceived stress and antenatal depressive symptoms and preterm birth. This is the first study of its kind to be conducted in Pakistan. Further research is required to validate these results.
Subcuticular sutures versus staples for skin closure in patients undergoing abdominal surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Feng Juntao , Jiang Xiaoli , Zhi Zhifu 
Published: May 2021

Background
Surgical site infections (SSIs) are common postoperative complications. Whether the use of staples or sutures makes a difference in abdominal surgery’s infection rate remains elusive.

Methods
A systematic review was performed to identify randomized clinical trials comparing staples and sutures after abdominal surgeries. Eligibility criteria involved the SSI occurrence as the primary outcome and the incidence of wound dehiscence, closure time, cosmesis, and patient satisfaction as the secondary outcomes.

Results
Of the 278 studies identified, seven randomized controlled trials representing 3705 patients were included in this review. There was no significant difference in SSI rates between sutures and staples in general (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.79–1.22, I2 = 44%, P = 0.1) or in a subgroup of gastrointestinal surgery, where subcuticular suturing was found with a comparable SSI risk with skin stapling (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.66–1.09). Staple closure was associated with a shorter surgery duration, whereas sutures appeared to provide better cosmesis and patient satisfaction. Sutures and staples achieved a comparable incidence of dehiscence. There was no significant between-study publication bias.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated similar outcomes in SSI rate between subcuticular sutures and staples for skin closure in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.
Helicobacter pylori eradication improves motor fluctuations in advanced Parkinson’s disease patients: A prospective cohort study (HP-PD trial)
Authors: Lolekha Praween , Sriphanom Thanakarn , Vilaichone Ratha-Korn 
Published: May 2021

Background
Helicobacter pylori (HP) is a bacterium associated with many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases and has shown a high prevalence in Parkinson’s disease (PD). As HP-associated GI dysfunction could affect L-dopa (levodopa) absorption, HP eradication might improve the clinical response and decrease motor fluctuations.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted on the clinical symptoms of PD patients with motor fluctuations. The 13C-urea breath test was used to diagnose a current HP infection. All patients with HP infection received a 2-week regimen of triple therapy. The changes in the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor score, L-dopa onset time, wearing-off symptoms, mean daily on-off time, GI symptom scores, and quality of life score were measured at baseline and at a 6-week follow-up.

Results
A total of 163 PD patients were assessed, of whom 40 were enrolled. Fifty-five percent of the enrolled patients (22/40) had a current HP infection, whereas HP eradication was identified in 17 of 22 (77.3%) patients who received eradication therapy. Patients with HP eradication showed a significant decrease in daily ‘off’ time (4.0 vs. 4.7 h, p = 0.040) and an increase in daily ‘on’ time (11.8 vs. 10.9 h, p = 0.009). Total wearing-off score (4.4 vs. 6.0, p = 0.001) and the GI symptom score (8.1 vs. 12.8, p = 0.007) were significantly improved. There was no significant improvement in L-dopa onset time, UPDRS motor score, or quality of life score.

Conclusions
HP eradication leads to significant clinical improvement in the symptoms of PD. Eradication of HP not only increases the total daily ‘on’ time but also decreases wearing-off symptoms and improves GI symptoms.
Formation of the Enterprise Strategy based on the Industry Life Cycle
Authors: Karpenko Yuliia , Kuznetsova Inna , Chykurkova Alla , Matveyeva Maryana , Hridin Oleksandr , Nakonechna Kateryna 
Published: May 2021

The article considered the process of forming an enterprise strategy in the following stages: analysis of the external and internal environment of an enterprise, formation of a system of enterprise goals, assessment of alternative development strategies and the choice of one of them, implementation of the chosen strategy, and adjustment of the strategy. It is proposed to analyze the external environment in accordance with the concept of the industry life cycle. The concept of the life cycle of the industry, in particular the main stages of development of the industry and the criteria that are the basis for their identification, has been investigated. It is proposed to use the scientific developments of Porter and use the following characteristics as criteria: behavior of buyers of products (services), changes in goods, the nature of competitive relations in the market, profits of enterprises in the industry and marketing activities. Accordingly, it is proposed to highlight the stages of the industry development: implementation, growth, maturity, decline. Alternative strategies of enterprise development at various stages of the industry life cycle are considered: the strategy for realizing the advantages of the pioneer, the strategy of change response, the strategy of change management, the strategy of stabilization, the strategy of reduction, the strategy for finding segments of steady demand, as well as the strategy of the "last time". The main characteristics of these strategies are studied. The analysis of the life cycle of the agricultural industry in Ukraine has been carried out and it has been established that according to most of the characteristics it is at the stage of maturity. The industry has established relationships between producers and business consumers, enterprises receive average profits and specialize in the production of certain types of agricultural products of sufficiently high quality, and there are processes of gradual ousting of competitors from the market. It is proposed to agricultural enterprises as a possible strategy to implement a stabilization strategy that best suits the conditions of the external environment.
An improved parallel sub-filter adaptive noise canceler for the extraction of fetal ECG
Authors: Jaba Deva Krupa Abel , Dhanalakshmi Samiappan , R Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Non-invasive extraction of fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) by processing the abdominal signals is emerging as a promising approach in the areas of obstetrics and gynecology. This paper presents a two-stage improved non-linear adaptive filter for FECG extraction. The reference input to the adaptive noise canceler (ANC) is first processed using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to estimate the non-linear maternal component in abdominal signals. A parallel sub-filter (PSF) ANC is proposed to assess the fetal ECG from the abdominal signal. The PSF-ANC decomposes a single adaptive filter into multiple sub-filters to improve the convergence performance. The filter coefficients of PSF-ANC adaptively obtained using normalised least mean square algorithm by minimizing the mean square error. Different error and common error algorithms are proposed based on the computation of the error signal. A synthetic data from the FECG synthetic database is used to evaluate the convergence performance. Two real-time data from the Daisy database and the Non-invasive FECG database from Physionet are used to evaluate the proposed ANFIS-PSF’s performance qualitative and quantitatively. The results justify the performance improvement of proposed ANFIS-PSF ANC compared to the state of art techniques. The proposed scheme achieves a sensitivity of 97.92%, 94.52% accuracy, a positive predictive value of 94.66%, and an F1 score of 96.12%.
Vergleichende Bewertung von Algorithmen zur Lokalisierung von Flammen und Glut
Authors: Stoller Fabian , Kümmerlen Felix , Fay Alexander 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Zulassung von Feuerlöschern erfordert die Durchführung von Versuchen für den Nachweis des Löschvermögens eines Feuerlöschermodells. Damit dieser Versuch unabhängig von den Fähigkeiten menschlicher Löschmeister ist, soll die Durchführung automatisiert werden. Dafür wird der Stand der Forschung auf Algorithmen untersucht, die mithilfe einer Farb- und einer Infrarotkamera Flammen und Glutnester lokalisieren können. Diese Informationen sollen genutzt werden, um den Löschversuch effektiv und effizient durchzuführen. Dafür werden in diesem Beitrag sechs Algorithmen zur Lokalisierung von Flammen in Farbbildern und drei Algorithmen zur Lokalisierung von Glut in den Bildern einer Infrarotkamera anhand der Kriterien Sensitivität, Falsch-Positiv-Rate, Intersection over Union und durchschnittlicher Ausführungsdauer verglichen. Anhand des Ergebnisses des Vergleichs wird jeweils ein Algorithmus für das automatisierte Löschen des Normbrandversuchs ausgewählt.
Stitched open-loop measurements with a focal-distance-modulated confocal sensor
Authors: Schaude Janik , Gröschl Andreas Christian , Hausotte Tino 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article presents measurements with a high-speed focal-distance modulated fibre-coupled confocal sensor integrated into a nano measuring machine (NMM-1). Combined with an appropriate signal processing, this axial beam modulating sensor yields a linear characteristic curve within a range of about 600 nm. This characteristic curve enables scans in closed-loop constant distance mode, where the controller of the NMM-1 keeps the distance between the measured surface and the sensor constant. Therefore, only one lateral scan is necessary to measure a given topography. Nevertheless, it is also possible to conduct open-loop constant height measurements on discrete heights. The axial offset between the heights needs to be only slightly less than the measuring range of the sensor, leading to a great reduction of the number of needed lateral scans to measure a given topography compared to a conventional confocal sensor, where the axial offset for a similar optical system is typically about 50 nm. To combine the scans taken at different heights, it is possible to stitch them using overlapping measuring points taken at two adjacent heights. Within this article, measurements are conducted on a roughness standard in closed-loop constant distance and in open-loop constant height mode, where the latter are evaluated with and without the application of the stitching algorithm.
Pembelajaran Kanji Menggunakan Metode Flipped classroom dengan Media Online “Tanoshiijapanese.com” dalam Meningkatkan Kemandirian Belajar Siswa
Authors: Karyati Alo , Rahmawati Yelni 
Published: May 2021

Dalam pembelajaran huruf Bahasa Jepang terdapat 3 huruf yang harus dipelajari, yaitu: Huragana, katakana, dan kanji. Dari ketiga huruf tersebut kanji merupakan huruf yang paling sulit. Pemebelajaran kanji ini selalu dipandang para pembelajar, karena penulisannya yang rumit. Karena penulisan yang rumit tersebut banyak siswa yang tergantung pada pengajar di setiapa kegiatan perkuliahan/pembelajaran. Pengajar menulis, siswa mengikuti apa yang ditulis pengajar. Sehingga membuat siswa kurang memiliki kemandirian. Berdasarkan hal tersebut peneliti mencoba mempraktekan metode pembelajaran Flipped class pada kelas kanji semester V Universitas Pakuan. Dalam proses pembelajarannyan pengajar menyuruh siswa menyiapkan kunyomi dan onyomi, menulis alur penulisan kanji, mencari jukugo dari setiap unit kanji di setiap perkuliahan dimulai. Tugas diberikan 3 hari sebelum kegiatan perkuliahan. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini adalah: (1) Apakah metode Flipped class menggunakan media online “tanoshiijapanense.com” dapat meningkatkan kemandirian siswa dalam belajar kanji? (2) Apakah metode flipped class menggunakan media online “tanoshiijapanese.com cocok diterapkan dalam pembelajaran kanji? (3) Kendala apakah yang dihadapi mahasiswa selama belajar menggunakan metode Flipped class dengan media online “tanoshiijapanese.com” sebagai media pembelajarnya. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester 5 Universitas Pakuan, sampel penelitiannya berjumlah 21 orang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriftif. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan google form, terdiri dari 5 kalimat pernyataan, dan 5 pertanyaan wawancara. Analisis data diambil grafik dari google form. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapay bermaanfaat bagi semua pengajar Bahasa Jepang baik yang mengajar matakuliah kanji di prodi Sastra Jepang Universitas Pakuan, maupun pengajar kanji di berbagai Universitas yang ada di Indonesia.
Perbandingan Metode Sterilisasi Untuk Perbanyakan Rubus rosifolius Secara in Vitro
Authors: Surya Muhammad Imam , Ismaini Lily 
Published: May 2021

AbstrakRubus rosifolius adalah salah satu jenis rasberi liar yang memiliki potensi cukup tinggi untuk dikembangkan sebagai tanaman buah. Selain itu, metode perbanyakan tanaman merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh dalam pembudidayaan. Lebih lanjut, informasi terkait upaya perbanyakan R. rosifolius secara in vitro masih sangat terbatas. Percobaan ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui metode sterilisasi yang tepat pada eksplan R. rosifolius. Sebanyak 17 metode sterilisasi telah diujicobakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan BKT Kebun Raya Cibodas-LIPI. Bahan sterilisasi yang digunakan, yaitu detergen, tween 80, bakterisida, fungisida, clorox/pemutih (NaClO), alkohol 70%, larutan Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM), vitamin C/asam askorbat, dan povidone iodine/antiseptik. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa metode sembilan merupakan metode sterilisasi yang cukup optimum untuk sterilisasi eksplan R. rosifolius. Metode sembilan mampu menghambat munculnya mikroorganisme endofitik hingga 8 hari dan tidak menyebabkan warna eksplan menjadi cokelat/browning. Tahapan sterilisasi pada metode sembilan meliputi pencucian dengan detergen, perendaman dengan bakterisida + fungisida selama +30 menit, perendaman dengan clorox 10% + tween 80 selama +15 menit, pencucian dengan larutan PPM selama +15 menit. AbstractRubus rosifolius is one of the species from wild raspberries, which is has high potential to develop as a fruit crops. In the other hand, the technique of plant propagation became an important factor for cultivation. Moreover, the information related to the in vitro propagation of R. rosifolius is very limited. This experiment was aimed to determine the best method to sterilize an explants of R. rosifolius. About 17 methods of sterilization have been tried in the laboratorium of tissue culture at Cibodas Botanical Garden-Indonesian Institute of Sciences. The combination of detergent, tween 80, bactericide, fungicide, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), alcohol 70%, plant preservative mixture (PPM), ascorbic acid, and povidone iodine were used during the experiment. The results show that the method of sterilization number nine could be inhibit the emergence of endophytic organisms for eight days and keep an explant in green with a little brownish compared by the others methods. The method of sterilization number nine was consist of several steps i.e. wash by detergent, soak in bactericide + fungicide for +30 minutes, soak in sodium hypoclorite 10% + tween 80 for +15 minutes, wash by PPM solution for +15 minutes.
The Islamic Studies and the Study of Religions by the Early Indonesian Muslim Scholars
Authors: Hidayah Alfina , Maghribi Hamdan 
Published: May 2021

This research is an effort to raise the development of religious studies (Islamic Studies) and the study of religions that already emerged and developed in the archipelago before twentieth century. This can be known through the figures of previous Muslim scholars and their works on these topics. The research process uses qualitative methods on a literature review which will be delivered descriptively. While the aim of research is to find out how the Muslim scholars of Indonesian Archipelago have contributed in various aspects particularly in the field of knowledge and intellectual supported by their extraordinary works in the form of books, poem, etc. As a manifestation of their role in da'wah in addition to enrich the scientific treasures. So it can be concluded in a broad outline that additionally to the Nine Saints (Wali Sanga), the archipelago has Muslim scholars who have taken part in Islamic preaching and furthermore they explored their teachings into wonderful works, both on Islamic (religious) studies as well as the study of religions.Keywords: Islamic Studies, Study of Religions, Indonesian Muslim Scholar AbstrakPenelitian ini adalah upaya untuk mengangkat tentang perkembangan kajian keagamaan (Islam) maupun studi tentang agama-agama yang telah lama muncul dan berkembang di Nusantara sebelum abad 20. Hal tersebut dapat diketahui melalui tokoh-tokoh ulama muslim terdahulu beserta karya-karya mereka yang mengkaji tema-tema tersebut. Proses penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan juga merupakan kajian pustaka yang akan disampaikan secara deskriptif. Adapun tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimana ulama muslim Nusantara telah berkontribusi dalam berbagai aspek dan salah satu nya adalah secara intelektual mereka melahirkan karya-karya luar biasa baik berupa buku, puisi, dsb sebagai wujud dari peran dakwah sekaligus memperkaya khazanah keilmuan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan secara garis besar bahwa selain para Wali Sembilan (Wali Sanga), Nusantara memiliki ulama-ulama muslim yang telah banyak berkiprah dalam berdakwah serta menuliskan pokok-pokok ajarannya dalam karya-karya mereka, baik tentang kajian keislaman juga kajian agama-agama.Kata Kunci: Kajian Islam, Kajian Agama-Agama, Ulama Muslim Nusantara
Measuring innovation in education with a special focus on the impact of organisational characteristics
Authors: Halász Gábor 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInnovations created by teachers, teacher communities and schools in their daily practice play a key role in improving the quality and effectiveness of education. As protocols, central regulations, ready-made teaching materials do not provide solutions to all problems emerging in daily practice the invention of new, original solutions are necessary to respond the challenges teachers and schools encounter in their everyday work. Similarly to other knowledge intensive professions creativity and innovativeness are necessary skills for teachers and teacher communities to work effectively. In many countries schools are encouraged to support innovative work behaviour and they are expected to manage effectively change and innovation processes. The increasing importance of innovations and innovation processes in education raises the question of how to measure innovation in this sector and how decision makers can use innovation data. This article presents some of the outcomes of an education sector innovation survey conducted in Hungary in 2018. It demonstrates the possibility to design data collection instruments that allow capturing school/department level innovation processes. The article focuses on one specific problem area: the relationship between organisational characteristics and innovation activity/behaviour.