bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive aerodynamic part feeding enabled by genetic algorithm
Authors: Blankemeyer Sebastian , Kolditz Torge , Busch Jan , Seitz Melissa , Nyhuis Peter , Raatz Annika 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAerodynamic feeding systems represent one possibility to meet the challenges of part feeding for automated production in terms of feeding performance and flexibility. The aerodynamic feeding system investigated in this article is already able to adapt itself to different workpieces using a genetic algorithm. However, due to the operating principle, the system is susceptible to changes in environmental conditions such as air pressure and pollution (e.g. dust). To minimise the effect of ambient influences, the system must be enabled to detect changes in the feeding rate and react autonomously by adapting the system’s adjustment parameters. In this work, based on pre-identified factors interfering with the aerodynamic orientation process, a new approach is developed to react to changes of the ambient conditions during operation. The presented approach makes us of an alternating sequence of monitoring and corrective algorithms. The monitoring algorithm measures the ratio of correctly oriented parts to the total number of fed parts of the process and triggers the corrective algorithm if necessary. Simulated and experimental results both show that an increased feeding rate can be achieved in varying conditions. Furthermore, it is shown that integrating both known process and parameter information can reduce the time for re-parametrisation of the feeding system.
Factors affecting the mother’s choice of infant feeding method in Poland: a cross-sectional preliminary study in Poland
Authors: Rozensztrauch Anna , Klaniewska Magdalena , Berghausen-Mazur Marta 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization identifies exclusive breastfeeding as the gold standard for child nutrition. Breastfeeding provides many benefits to both the baby and the mother. First days after birth are crucial for breastfeeding and determining its further path. Unfortunately, very often it is also the time of facing the first breastfeeding problems. The aim of this study was to analyse selected factors influencing a mother’s decision to breastfeed.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study conducted between March 2019 and November 2019 in selected Polish maternity wards. Data were collected through completion of author’s questionnaire and a standardised questionnaire and the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale and also through informal interviews with mothers. During statistical analysis, the chi-square test of independence and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test as well as the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test in addition to Fisher’s exact test were performed.

Results
The results showed that there is no correlation between the mode of delivery and the mother’s choice of infant feeding method. Knowledge of the benefits of breastfeeding and received support affects the mother’s decision on infant feeding method. The study also showed that the 83% of newborns were put to the breast within the first 2 h after birth. However, only 58% continued to be breastfed in the subsequent days. As many as 42% of the newborns were supplemented with formula despite early initiation of breastfeeding. Analyses showed that exclusive breastfeeding was more often chosen by mothers with higher education. And the most common breastfeeding problem reported by 62% of the respondents was perceived insufficient milk supply and also breastfeeding pain, reported in 48.5% mothers.

Conclusions
It is extremely important to continually promote breastfeeding among women. The role of midwives is crucial in this regard, as they should encourage the initiation of breastfeeding, support mothers during the perinatal and postnatal periods, and increase their sense of competence and confidence in their ability to breastfeed. Accessible, professional, and empathetic support can help reduce the number of women supplementing with modified milk. Undoubtedly, the postpartum period is important for breastfeeding outcomes, but it is significant that breastfeeding education and promotion begin during pregnancy.
The Role of IgE in Upper and Lower Airway Disease: More Than Just Allergy!
Authors: Gevaert Philippe , Wong Kit , Millette Lauren A. , Carr Tara F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImmunoglobulin E (IgE) is a well-known key factor in allergic airway disease; however, its central role in non-allergic airway inflammation is often underestimated. In some airway diseases, IgE is produced as a result of allergic sensitization. However, in others, IgE production occurs despite the lack of a specific allergen. Although multiple pathways contribute to the production of IgE in airway disease, it is its activity in mediating the inflammatory response that is associated with disease. Therefore, an understanding of IgE as the unifying component of upper and lower airway diseases has important implications for both diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the role of IgE in each upper and lower airway disease highlights its potential utility as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. Further classification of these diseases by whether they are IgE mediated or non–IgE mediated, rather than by the existence of an underlying allergic component, accounts for both systemic and localized IgE activity. Improvements in diagnostic methodologies and standardization of clinical practices with this classification in mind can help identify patients with IgE-mediated diseases. In doing so, this group of patients can receive optimal care through targeted anti-IgE therapeutics, which have already demonstrated efficacy across numerous IgE-mediated upper and lower airway diseases.
Pre- versus post-operative untargeted plasma nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolomics of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma
Authors: Bliziotis Nikolaos G. , Kluijtmans Leo A. J. , Soto Sebastian , Tinnevelt Gerjen H. , Langton Katharina , Robledo Mercedes , Pamporaki Christina , Engelke Udo F. H. , Erlic Zoran , Engel Jasper , Deutschbein Timo , Nölting Svenja , Prejbisz Aleksander , Richter Susan , Prehn Cornelia , Adamski Jerzy , Januszewicz Andrzej , Reincke Martin , Fassnacht Martin , Eisenhofer Graeme , Beuschlein Felix , Kroiss Matthias , Wevers Ron A. , Jansen Jeroen J. , Deinum Jaap , Timmers Henri J. L. M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas (PPGL) result in chronic catecholamine excess and serious health complications. A recent study obtained a metabolic signature in plasma from PPGL patients; however, its targeted nature may have generated an incomplete picture and a broader approach could provide additional insights. We aimed to characterize the plasma metabolome of PPGL patients before and after surgery, using an untargeted approach, and to broaden the scope of the investigated metabolic impact of these tumors.

Design
A cohort of 36 PPGL patients was investigated. Blood plasma samples were collected before and after surgical tumor removal, in association with clinical and tumor characteristics.

Methods
Plasma samples were analyzed using untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy metabolomics. The data were evaluated using a combination of uni- and multi-variate statistical methods.

Results
Before surgery, patients with a nonadrenergic tumor could be distinguished from those with an adrenergic tumor based on their metabolic profiles. Tyrosine levels were significantly higher in patients with high compared to those with low BMI. Comparing subgroups of pre-operative samples with their post-operative counterparts, we found a metabolic signature that included ketone bodies, glucose, organic acids, methanol, dimethyl sulfone and amino acids. Three signals with unclear identities were found to be affected.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that the pathways of glucose and ketone body homeostasis are affected in PPGL patients. BMI-related metabolite levels were also found to be altered, potentially linking muscle atrophy to PPGL. At baseline, patient metabolomes could be discriminated based on their catecholamine phenotype.
AI invading the workplace: negative emotions towards the organizational use of personal virtual assistants
Authors: Hornung Olivia , Smolnik Stefan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPersonal virtual assistants (PVAs) based on artificial intelligence are frequently used in private contexts but have yet to find their way into the workplace. Regardless of their potential value for organizations, the relentless implementation of PVAs at the workplace is likely to run into employee resistance. To understand what motivates such resistance, it is necessary to investigate the primary motivators of human behavior, namely emotions. This paper uncovers emotions related to organizational PVA use, primarily focusing on threat emotions. To achieve our goal, we conducted an in-depth qualitative study, collecting data from 45 employees in focus-group discussions and individual interviews. We identified and categorized emotions according to the framework for classifying emotions Beaudry and Pinsonneault (2010) designed. Our results show that loss emotions, such as dissatisfaction and frustration, as well as deterrence emotions, such as fear and worry, constitute valuable cornerstones for the boundaries of organizational PVA use.
Multi agents simulation of justice trials to support control management and reduction of civil trials duration
Authors: Di Martino Beniamino , Esposito Antonio , Colucci Cante Luigi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThanks to the digitalization of Civil Legal Processes that has been carried out in Italy since 2005, a consistent flow of data has been generated regarding all phases of Civil Trials. The Italian Ministry of Justice has recognized the opportunity to better assess the quality of Courts’ management, seeking ways to implement Decision Support Systems to aid the work of Court Presidents. In collaboration with the Court of Livorno, which has provided data and case studies, KPIs and indicators have been developed, and have been later used within an Agent-based simulation framework to assess the behaviour of Chancellors and Judges in response to Court Presidents’ decisions, and in particular to verify the effects of such decision on Processes’ duration. This paper presents the Agent-based simulation approaches adopted to predict the effects of Presidents’ decisions, by taking in consideration the behaviour of Chancellors and Judges, derived from the examination of past Trials, whose aspects have been recorded by the Court’s digital system.
Natural radioactivity of rocks from the historic Jeroným Mine in the Czech Republic
Authors: Malczewski Dariusz , Dziurowicz Maria , Kalab Zdenek , Rösnerová Marketa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study reports the natural radioactivity of characteristic rocks found in the historic Jeroným Mine of the Czech Republic as measured under the laboratory conditions. The rocks analyzed included granites and schists weathered to varying degrees and collected from different levels of the underground workings of the Jeroným Mine. The mine itself has been subject to metal extraction (mainly tin and tungsten) since the sixteenth century and has recently been developed as a cultural and scientific attraction open to the public. Activity concentrations of 40K, 232Th and 238U were measured from nine rock samples using gamma-ray spectrometry. The activity concentrations of 40K varied from 595 Bq kg−1 to 1244 Bq kg−1, while 232Th varied from 25 Bq kg−1 to 55 Bq kg−1. The activities associated with 238U ranged from 46 Bq kg−1 to 386 Bq kg−1. The measured activities were used to estimate two radiation hazard indices typically applied to building materials, the activity concentration index I and the external hazard index Hex. Mean respective values of 1.02 and 0.77 for I and Hex indicate that the rocks found in the Jeroným Mine meet radiological safety standards for building materials and do not pose a risk to potential tourists and staff.
Mindfulness in Relation to Diet Quality in Adults with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Results from Diabetes MILES-The Netherlands
Authors: Liu Shengxin , Nyklíček Ivan , Pouwer Frans , Speight Jane , Bot Mariska , Nefs Giesje , Soedamah-Muthu Sabita S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The objectives of this study were to investigate the associations of dispositional mindfulness and its facets with diet quality in Dutch adults with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes and to evaluate the potential mediating role of emotional distress in these associations.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study using data from the Diabetes MILES-The Netherlands. In total, 296 adults with type 1 diabetes and 364 with type 2 diabetes completed questionnaires. We assessed dispositional mindfulness by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, including total mindfulness and five facets: observing, describing, acting with awareness, being non-judgmental, and being non-reactive, and diet quality by the Dutch Healthy Diet 2015-index. Linear regression models were used to estimate the association. Mediation effects of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and diabetes-related distress were evaluated using the PROCESS macro with bias-corrected bootstrapped confidence intervals.

Results
Higher scores on the total mindfulness (β = 0.14, p = 0.02) and the observing facet (β = 0.15, p = 0.01) were significantly associated with higher diet quality in people with type 1 diabetes only, after adjustment for demographic factors. These associations were not mediated by depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, or diabetes-related distress. In adults with type 1 diabetes (but not type 2), higher dispositional mindfulness levels were associated with more optimal diet quality.

Conclusions
Higher mindfulness in general and observing in particular were related to a healthier diet with higher quality in Dutch adults with type 1 diabetes. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to understand the temporal relationship between mindfulness and diet quality.
Predicting coastal urban floods using artificial neural network: The case study of Macau, China
Authors: Dai Weijun , Cai Zhiming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUsing data-driven models to predict floods in advance is one of the current effective methods and hot researches to reduce urban flood disasters. In order to improve the prediction accuracy, it is necessary to select the appropriate flood hazard factors and the number of training samples to construct the prediction model. In our current research, an artificial neural network (i.e., the back-propagation neural network, BPNN) model was developed to predict the flood depth in the next hour. A case study of the urban flood during six typhoons in Macau of China was conducted to prove the performance of the proposed model. The flood depth was collected as output; after analyzing their correlation to the flood typhoon optimum track, urban weather, tides, geographic height and water depth increment of the submerged area were used as input. As a result, four models trained with different sample numbers were developed for training and testing. The model performances were examined using average absolute error, root mean square error and the coefficient of determination. The results show that in this case study, the 30-min scale model provides reliable predictions and can provide useful decision support for the prevention and mitigation of flood disasters in coastal urban.
Vascularization of Microvascular Fragment Isolates from Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Mice
Authors: Später Thomas , Marschall Julia E. , Brücker Lea K. , Nickels Ruth M. , Metzger Wolfgang , Menger Michael D. , Laschke Matthias W. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background:
Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (MVF) represent effective vascularization units for tissue engineering. Most experimental studies in rodents exclusively use epididymal adipose tissue as a visceral fat source for MVF isolation. However, in future clinical practice, MVF may be rather isolated from liposuctioned subcutaneous fat tissue of patients. Therefore, we herein compared the vascularization characteristics of MVF isolates from visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue of murine origin.

Methods:
MVF isolates were generated from visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue of donor mice using two different enzymatic procedures. For in vivo analyses, the MVF isolates were seeded onto collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds and implanted into full-thickness skin defects within dorsal skinfold chambers of recipient mice.

Results:
By means of the two isolation procedures, we isolated a higher number of MVF from visceral fat tissue when compared to subcutaneous fat tissue, while their length distribution, viability and cellular composition were comparable in both groups. Intravital fluorescence microscopy as well as histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed a significantly reduced vascularization of implanted scaffolds seeded with subcutaneous MVF isolates when compared to implants seeded with visceral MVF isolates. Light and scanning electron microscopy showed that this was due to high amounts of undigested connective tissue within the subcutaneous MVF isolates, which clogged the scaffold pores and prevented the interconnection of individual MVF into new microvascular networks.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate the need for improved protocols to generate connective tissue-free MVF isolates from subcutaneous fat tissue for future translational studies.
Comprehensive review of tribometer dynamics-Cycle-based data analysis and visualization
Authors: Prost Josef , Boidi Guido , Lebersorger Thomas , Varga Markus , Vorlaufer Georg 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTribologists often rely on triboexperiments to investigate factors that affect a tribosystem. The inherent dynamic behavior of the respective tribometer setups and its effect on data interpretation remain often unknown. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of sensor data obtained from lubricated and dry triboexperiments is performed. Data are generated on a pin-on-disc test rig with a silicon nitride ball on a steel disc contact with a rotation frequency of ~3 Hz. High-speed acquisition of sensor data up to 5 kHz is performed to resolve changes in the data within individual cycles. The characteristic frequencies of the system and their temporal evolution are determined via time-frequency analysis, which reveals periodic patterns in the sensor data. Cycle-based data evaluation allows the detection of localized events and changes during an operation and considerably reduces the apparent measurement uncertainty, as compared with an unreduced dataset. The data analysis and visualization routines presented herein may serve as a prototype for further application to tribometer setups.
The Chinese Inland-Coastal Inequality: The Role of Human Capital and the 2007–2008 Crisis Watershed
Authors: Felice Emanuele , Odoardi Iacopo , D’Ingiullo Dario 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigate the role of human capital (HC) in the Chinese inland-coastal inequality and, related to this, how the consequences of the 2007–2008 crisis may induce China to re-focus its development path on HC. We compare panel data analyses for two periods (1998–2008 and 2009–2017) for two diverging groups of provinces (the richer/coastal and the relatively poor/inland areas). In the first period, the economic strengths that influenced the Chinese take-off and the dualism are confirmed. However, the results show that an evolution in local economic endowments is taking place: first, HC has a more evident economic effect after the crisis only in the inland provinces; second, the development path of the inland area is changing, with an evolution towards more productive sectors which can favor higher returns to HC.
Modelling Investigation of the Thermal Treatment of Ash-Contaminated Particulate Filters
Authors: Lao Chung Ting , Akroyd Jethro , Smith Alastair , Morgan Neal , Lee Kok Foong , Nurkowski Daniel , Kraft Markus 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of thermal treatment on the pressure drop of particulate filters containing ash deposits. A one-dimensional model has been developed and applied to describe the deposition of soot and ash particles, and estimate the spatial distribution of the deposits in such filters. Phenomenological models have been developed to describe the potential sintering and cracking of the ash deposits caused by thermal treatment of the filter. The model results are in good agreement with experimental measurements of the reduction in the pressure drop in thermally treated filters. It was found that crack formation in the ash layer can lead to significant reduction of the pressure drop at relatively low temperatures. Sintering of ash deposits in the wall and the ash plug also contributes towards a decrease in filter pressure drop at higher temperatures. This work is the first attempt to model the impact of the thermal treatment of ash in particulate filters in order to support the development of future ash management strategies. The cracking of the ash layer during the thermal treatment has been identified to be the most critical effect for pressure drop reduction.
On off-diagonal decay properties of the generalized Stokes semigroup with bounded measurable coefficients
Authors: Tolksdorf Patrick 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigate off-diagonal decay properties of the generalized Stokes semigroup with bounded measurable coefficients on $$\mathrm {L}^2_{\sigma } ({\mathbb {R}}^d)$$

L

σ
2

(

R

d

)

. Such estimates are well-known for elliptic equations in the form of pointwise heat kernel bounds and for elliptic systems in the form of integrated off-diagonal estimates. On our way to unveil this off-diagonal behavior we prove resolvent estimates in Morrey spaces $$\mathrm {L}^{2 , \nu } ({\mathbb {R}}^d)$$

L

2
,
ν

(

R

d

)

with $$0 \le \nu < 2$$

0
≤
ν
<
2

.
Measuring the Deflection of the Vertical via Local Reference Point Surveying and Pointing Calibration of a VLBI Telescope: A Case Study at the Urumqi Station
Authors: Zhang Zhibin , Ma Xiaohui , Sun Zhongmiao , Zhang Ali , Yuan Ye , Sun Zhengxiong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAccording to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the movement of matter and the change in density cause a gravitational variation. Due to the anisotropic distribution of matter, the vertical and the normal directions at a point on the ground are probably inconsistent, which is referred to as the deflection of the vertical (DOV) and is indispensable to astrogeodetic and geophysics research. Two new non‐optical methods, including small network transformation and azimuth‐axis inclination inversion, are proposed to determine the DOV at a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) telescope at the Urumqi station. A generalized expression of the pointing calibration model considering axis‐related errors is also presented. Therefore, the pointing calibration model and indirect model used for reference point (RP) determination are unified by redefining their coordinate system, angle direction, and axis‐related errors. The DOV given by the small network transformation agrees well with the DOVs determined by the real surveying and other different models. Due to the possible asymmetric coverage of calibrating sources in the north‐south direction in antenna pointing calibration, the north‐south DOV component based on azimuth‐axis inclination inversion differs from the surveyed value. However, the west‐east DOV component fits well in both direction and magnitude. The proposed methods enable the VLBI telescope to sense the direction of the local plumb line by introducing local leveling. We also establish the connections among VLBI delay observation, RP determination, and telescope pointing calibration, which has a benefit to multi‐tech systematic error identification, monitoring, and correction. The research indicates that telescope point calibration can also be taken as a regular technique to monitor systematic error.