bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations in sensorimotor function after ACL reconstruction during active joint position sense testing. A systematic review
Authors: Busch Aglaja , Blasimann Angela , Mayer Frank , Baur Heiner 
Published: June 2021

Background
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture can lead to impaired knee function. Reconstruction decreases the mechanical instability but might not have an impact on sensorimotor alterations.

Objective
Evaluation of the sensorimotor function measured with the active joint position sense (JPS) test in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructed patients compared to the contralateral side and a healthy control group.

Methods
The databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched from origin until April 2020. Studies published in English, German, French, Spanish or Italian language were included. Evaluation of the sensorimotor performance was restricted to the active joint position sense test in ACL reconstructed participants or healthy controls. The Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Study quality was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Data was descriptively synthesized.

Results
Ten studies were included after application of the selective criteria. Higher angular deviation, reaching significant difference (p < 0.001) in one study, was shown up to three months after surgery in the affected limb. Six months post-operative significantly less error (p < 0.01) was found in the reconstructed leg compared to the contralateral side and healthy controls. One or more years after ACL reconstruction significant differences were inconsistent along the studies.

Conclusions
Altered sensorimotor function was present after ACL reconstruction. Due to inconsistencies and small magnitudes, clinical relevance might be questionable. JPS testing can be performed in acute injured persons and prospective studies could enhance knowledge of sensorimotor function throughout the rehabilitative processes.
Skin infections due to Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-producing S. aureus—Cost effectiveness of outpatient treatment
Authors: Rentinck Marc-Nicolas , Krüger Renate , Hoppe Pia-Alice , Humme Daniel , Niebank Michaela , Pokrywka Anna , Stegemann Miriam , Kola Axel , Hanitsch Leif Gunnar , Leistner Rasmus 
Published: June 2021

Introduction
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) caused by Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-SA) are associated with recurrent skin abscesses. Secondary prevention, in conjunction with primary treatment of the infection, focuses on topical decolonization. Topical decolonization is a standard procedure in cases of recurrent PVL-SA skin infections and is recommended in international guidelines. However, this outpatient treatment is often not fully reimbursed by health insurance providers, which may interfere with successful PVL-SA decolonization.

Aim
Our goal was to estimate the cost effectiveness of outpatient decolonization of patients with recurrent PVL-SA skin infections. We calculated the average cost of treatment for PVL-SA per outpatient decolonization procedure as well as per in-hospital stay.

Methods
The study was conducted between 2014 and 2018 at a German tertiary care university hospital. The cohort analyzed was obtained from the hospital’s microbiology laboratory database. Data on medical costs, DRG-based diagnoses, and ICD-10 patient data was obtained from the hospital’s financial controlling department. We calculated the average cost of treatment for patients admitted for treatment of PVL-SA induced skin infections. The cost of outpatient treatment is based on the German regulations of drug prices for prescription drugs.

Results
We analyzed a total of n = 466 swabs from n = 411 patients with recurrent skin infections suspected of carrying PVL-SA. PVL-SA was detected in 61.3% of all patients included in the study. Of those isolates, 80.6% were methicillin-susceptible, 19.4% methicillin-resistant. 89.8% of all patients were treated as outpatients. In 73.0% of inpatients colonized with PVL-SA the main diagnosis was SSTI. The median length of stay was 5.5 days for inpatients colonized with PVL-SA whose main diagnosis SSTI; the average cost was €2,283. The estimated costs per decolonization procedure in outpatients ranged from €50-€110, depending on the products used.

Conclusion
Our data shows that outpatient decolonization offers a highly cost-effective secondary prevention strategy, which may prevent costly inpatient treatments. Therefore, health insurance companies should consider providing coverage of outpatient treatment of recurrent PVL-SA skin and soft tissue infections.
Predictors of students’ participation in a learning environment survey with annual follow-ups
Authors: DaLomba Elaina , Gramstad Astrid , Johnson Susanne G. , Carstensen Tove , Stigen Linda , Mørk Gry , Magne Trine A. , Bonsaksen Tore 
Published: June 2021

Background
Longitudinal research is one effective way to gauge changes in a student cohort over time, however attrition in these studies is typically high, which can result in study bias. This study explored learning environment factors, approaches to studying, and academic performance as predictors of occupational therapy students’ consistent participation in data collection conducted over three years of their professional program.

Method
A longitudinal study of Norwegian occupational therapy students (analyzed n = 240) was conducted. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore occupational therapy students’ perceptions of the learning environment, their approaches to studying, and exam grades as they related to the likelihood of consistent participation at three annual surveys.

Results
Annual response rates varied between 55.1%, and 65.6%, and consistent participation was observed among 49.2%. The fully adjusted regression models showed that higher strategic approach scores increased the odds of consistent participation (adjusted OR: 1.04, p < 0.01), whereas higher surface approach scores decreased the odds of consistent participation (adjusted OR: 0.95, p < 0.05). Neither sociodemographic factors, learning environment factors nor academic performance predicted participation over time.

Conclusions
Researchers can anticipate relatively high levels of attrition in longitudinal studies of occupational therapy students, but attrition seems to be largely proportional between groups. However, completers in longitudinal studies may be somewhat more well-organized and academically oriented than drop-outs.
Harnessing clinical annotations to improve deep learning performance in prostate segmentation
Authors: Sarma Karthik V. , Raman Alex G. , Dhinagar Nikhil J. , Priester Alan M. , Harmon Stephanie , Sanford Thomas , Mehralivand Sherif , Turkbey Baris , Marks Leonard S. , Raman Steven S. , Speier William , Arnold Corey W. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Developing large-scale datasets with research-quality annotations is challenging due to the high cost of refining clinically generated markup into high precision annotations. We evaluated the direct use of a large dataset with only clinically generated annotations in development of high-performance segmentation models for small research-quality challenge datasets.

Materials and methods
We used a large retrospective dataset from our institution comprised of 1,620 clinically generated segmentations, and two challenge datasets (PROMISE12: 50 patients, ProstateX-2: 99 patients). We trained a 3D U-Net convolutional neural network (CNN) segmentation model using our entire dataset, and used that model as a template to train models on the challenge datasets. We also trained versions of the template model using ablated proportions of our dataset, and evaluated the relative benefit of those templates for the final models. Finally, we trained a version of the template model using an out-of-domain brain cancer dataset, and evaluated the relevant benefit of that template for the final models. We used five-fold cross-validation (CV) for all training and evaluation across our entire dataset.

Results
Our model achieves state-of-the-art performance on our large dataset (mean overall Dice 0.916, average Hausdorff distance 0.135 across CV folds). Using this model as a pre-trained template for refining on two external datasets significantly enhanced performance (30% and 49% enhancement in Dice scores respectively). Mean overall Dice and mean average Hausdorff distance were 0.912 and 0.15 for the ProstateX-2 dataset, and 0.852 and 0.581 for the PROMISE12 dataset. Using even small quantities of data to train the template enhanced performance, with significant improvements using 5% or more of the data.

Conclusion
We trained a state-of-the-art model using unrefined clinical prostate annotations and found that its use as a template model significantly improved performance in other prostate segmentation tasks, even when trained with only 5% of the original dataset.
Validation of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA-2) questionnaire in hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Eggart Michael , Todd Jennifer , Valdés-Stauber Juan 
Published: June 2021

Objectives
Interoception refers to the sensation, interpretation, and integration of internal somatic signals. Abnormalities in self-reported interoception are prevalent features of major depressive disorder (MDD) and may affect treatment outcomes. In the present study, we investigated the psychometric properties of the revised eight-dimensional and 37-item Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness questionnaire (the MAIA-2) in a severely depressed sample, after translating two updated scales (Not-Distracting, Not-Worrying) into German. Specifically, we examined the measure’s internal consistency reliability, sensitivity to change, and minimal important differences (MID) with a focus on patient’s antidepressive responses to treatment.

Methods
The study enrolled 110 participants (age: M = 46.85, SD = 11.23; female: 55.45%) undergoing hospital treatment, of whom 87 were included in the pre-post analysis. Participants completed a German translation of MAIA-2 and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (pre-/post-treatment). Internal consistency reliability was determined by Cronbach’s α/McDonalds’s ω, sensitivity to change was determined by effect sizes, and MIDs were determined by distribution- (0.5*SD) and anchor-based approaches (mean change method; ROC curve cut-points).

Results
Depression severity reduced over the course of treatment (Median = -65.22%), and 34.48% of patients achieved remission. Reliability was appropriate for post-treatment (range of ω: .70-.90), but questionable for two pre-treatment scales (Noticing: ω = .64; Not-Distracting: ω = .66). The eight dimensions of MAIA-2 were sensitive to change (standardized response mean: .32-.81; Cohen’s effect size: .30-.92). Distribution-based MIDs (.38-.61) and anchor-based mean change MIDs (remission vs. partial response: .00-.85; partial response vs. nonresponse: .08-.88) were established on the group level. For six scales, ROC cut-points (remission: .00–1.33; response: -.20–1.00) demonstrated accurate classification to treatment response groups on the individual level.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated the applicability of the MAIA-2 questionnaire in MDD. The updated version may have led to reliability improvements regarding the revised scales, but subthreshold reliability was evident prior to treatment. The measure’s dimensions were sensitive to change. MIDs were established that corresponded with antidepressive treatment outcomes. Our findings are consistent with a growing area of research which considers somatic feelings as key contributors to mental health.
Conversas complicadas com os currículos e os cantos dos estados-nação
Authors: Sussekind Maria Luiza 
Published: June 2021

Trabalha a ideia de projeto de estado-nação, como promessa irrealizável, na perspectiva das
políticas curriculares atuais no Brasil som suporte nas teorias de Pinar, Certeau e Boaventura de Sousa
Santos.
E não sou eu uma criança? : Trabalho infantil, história e Brasil profundo
Authors: Santos Terezinha Oliveira , De Lucas Carlos Henrique 
Published: June 2021

Ao longo do tempo, a busca pela educação formal constituiu-se uma das agendas de luta para os mais distanciados das esferas econômicas privilegiadas. Criticada por muitos, a educação formal representava, e ainda representa, uma oportunidade de ascensão social para essas pessoas. Corpos pretos, homossexuais, nordestinos, de mulheres, dentre outros, buscavam a escola (pública) com o propósito de vencer a pobreza e preencher de sentidos a vida. No entanto, como adversário desses projetos de transformação de uma realidade muitas vezes sofrida, o trabalho infantil, calcado em uma lógica colonial, fez ruir muitos dos sonhos desses sujeitos. No decorrer dos anos, o Trabalho Infantil (TI) e o Trabalho Infantil Doméstico (TID) têm-se apresentado como um dos principais fatores a contribuir para a repetência, a evasão e o abandono escolar, e suas consequências biopsicossociais para os milhões de sujeitos trabalhadores dos campos e das cidades do Brasil Profundo têm sido extremamente nefastas. Neste ensaio, objetivamos discutir a problemática do trabalho infantil em perspectiva socioeconômica,
histórica e cultural. Pretendemos pôr em diálogo tal temática com as contribuições de autores/as preocupados/as com a superação das desigualdades.
FENOMENA KARTU KREDIT DALAM TINJAUAN HADIS
Authors: Nurzakka Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

AbstrakAdanya globalisasi dan modernisasi memicu perubahan besar dalam aspek masyarakat, salah satunya fenomena kartu kredit sebagai alat untuk bertransaksi. Jika dahulu uang fisik adalah instrumen penting dalam suatu transaksi, maka pada era sekarang menjadi lebih praktis dengan uang non fisik. Problem mendasar dari kartu kredit konvensional adalah adanya tambahan bunga yang harus dibayarkan yang dianggap sebagai praktik riba. Tulisan ini membahas bagaimana tinjauan hadis dalam menanggapi fenomena kartu kredit (konvensional) beserta solusinya dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-analisis. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa prinsip kartu kredit yang berlandaskan utang-piutang termasuk amalan yang terpuji. Tinjauan hadis memperbolehkan praktik hutang jika memang yakin mampu untuk melunasi serta melarang berhutang untuk maksiat. Jangan sampai dengan kemudahan yang ditawarkan malah membuat seseorang terjebak dalam pola hidup konsumtif dan berlebihan yang dilarang oleh syariat dan hendaknya kartu kredit digunakan untuk hal yang produktif.. Bagi mereka yang sangat membutuhkan penggunaan kartu kredit, hendaknya mengikuti pendapat yang memperbolehkan. Sedangkan bagi mereka yang tidak dalam kondisi darurat, maka sebaiknya menghindari penggunaan kartu kredit mengingat ada indikasi riba di dalamnya (sesuai dengan kaedah al-khuruj min al-ikhtilaf mustahab). AbstractThe existence of globalization and modernization has triggered major changes in aspects of society, one of which is the phenomenon of credit cards as a means of transaction. If in the past physical money was an important instrument in a transaction, in the present era it has become more practical with non-physical money. The basic problem with conventional credit cards is that there is an additional interest that must be paid which is considered a practice of usury. This paper discusses how the hadith responds to the phenomenon credit card (conventional) and its solutions using the descriptive-analysis method. This study concludes that the principle of credit cards based on debts is a commendable practice. The hadith allows the practice of debt if you are sure you are able to pay off and prohibit debt for immorality. Do not let the facilities offered actually make someone trapped in a consumptive and excessive lifestyle that is prohibited by the Shari'a and credit cards should be used for productive things. For those who really need to use credit cards, they should follow permissible opinions. Whereas for those who are not in an emergency, it is better to avoid using credit cards considering that there are indications of usury in them (according to the rules of al-khuruj min al-ikhtilaf mustahab).
Preparedness of the Libraries to Address the Recent Pandemic A Case Study on 100 Top Academic Institutes of India
Authors: Jana Anupta , Rout Rosalien 
Published: June 2021

In an academic set up the ‘library’ plays a pivotal role. It stores, analyses, interpret and disseminate information among the users to fulfil their information needs. It has been observed that recent technological advancement has revolutionised library services to a great extent. Now libraries are providing both physical as well as web-enabled library services to their users. In this context, library websites act as a major gateway in providing web-enabled library services. The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the physical mode of library services. However, to support the ongoing teaching and learning process, libraries need to continue their services despite the lockdown. Therefore, the present study seeks to find out whether academic libraries are ready and adequately equipped to perform basic services during this critical juncture. The present study was directed towards exploring the readiness among the academic libraries by assessing their websites based on selected evaluation criteria. Hence, in this study top, 100 NIRF ranked institutes websites were examined by adopting 30-point evaluation criteria. These criteria were selected from the extant literature. These criteria were grouped into 04 categories i.e., basic website information, resource discovery, availability of resources and reference services. The readiness index of each library was calculated based on the availability and non-availability of the said criteria. The findings of the study reveal that 64 per cent of the libraries have failed to secure their score of 50 per cent on predefined criteria. It was also found that the preparedness index is independent of NIRF ranking. Overall findings of the study make it clear that academic libraries need to improve and up to date their web-based services to play a proactive role in the present and post-pandemic situation.
Representability of Chow groups of codimension three cycles
Authors: Banerjee Kalyan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Assume that we have a fibration of smooth projective varieties X → S over a surface S such that X is of dimension four and that the geometric generic fiber has finite-dimensional motive and the first étale cohomology of the geometric generic fiber with respect to ℚ
l
coefficients is zero and the second étale cohomology is spanned by divisors. We prove that then A
3(X), the group of codimension three algebraically trivial cycles modulo rational equivalence, is dominated by finitely many copies of A
0(S); this means that there exist finitely many correspondences Γi
on S × X such that Σ
i Γi
is surjective from A
2(S) to A
3(X).
Why Do We Run Basic Income Experiments? From Empirical Evidence to Collective Debate
Authors: Laín Bru , Merrill Roberto 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
There are two major possible responses to the question: what (if anything) can justify a basic income experiment? An experiment might be justified either because it gathers positive empirical evidence supporting rolling out a basic income, or because it justifies the moral desirability of such a measure. This paper critically explores both responses, the “empirical” and “ethical claim” in light of the Barcelona B-MINCOME pilot, alongside other similar experiments. We sustained that although the empirical claim is necessary, there seems to be sufficient data to easily predict that all future experiments are to gather positive results too. Consequently, we argue that experiments are particularly well-equipped to foster debates on the work ethics and on the ethical dimension of social policies and welfare regimes in general.
Basic Income Pilots: Uses, Limitations and Design Principles
Authors: Standing Guy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The position underlying this article is that while pilots are not strictly required to justify moving in the direction of a basic income system, nevertheless they can play several useful functions in the debate. These include rebutting common preconceptions, for instance that basic income will make people ‘lazy’, indicating non-monetary benefits such as improved health and wellbeing, and testing how a basic income might best be introduced in a given region, country or city. In that context the article goes on to present 19 guiding principles for the design, implementation and evaluation of basic income pilots, with examples of selected experiments and pilots past and present.
Chronic exposure of industrial grade calcium carbide and ethylene glycol exert genotoxic effect in Wistar albino rats
Authors: Bini Markose , Rajesh Bhargavan , Babu Thekkekara Devassy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Calcium carbide (CaC2) and ethylene glycol (EG) are the two commonly used fruit ripening agents. The toxic effects of these chemicals on internal organs were reported in experimental animals. Even though the adverse effects of these compounds have been investigated for many years, there are no sufficient data available with regard to genotoxic effects. The present study evaluates the genotoxic effect of chronic exposures of CaC2 and EG in Wistar albino rats.

Methods
CaC2 and EG were administered to the rats orally for 180 days. Chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei formation were analysed in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. Comet assay was performed to analyse the DNA strand break. The toxic effects of the chemicals were analysed by MTT assay with normal human intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells.

Results
Upon chronic exposure, CaC2 and EG caused chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei formation and DNA strand breaks extensively in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. In MTT assay, the chemicals were found to be toxic to IEC-6 cells with IC50 values at 160 and 200 μg/mL for CaC2 and EG, respectively.

Conclusions
The results show that these chemicals have a potential to cause genomic level of toxicity which may lead to carcinogenic event at a chronic level exposure. The study warns to reinforce the administrative measures against the use of CaC2 and EG for fruit ripening process.