bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fate of paratesticular masses: 13 years’ experience in a tertiary referral centre
Authors: Demirel Huseyin Cihan , Tokuç Emre , Eryilmaz Ozlem Ton , Aykanli Emre , Yavuzsan Abdullah Hizir , Ozagari Ayse Aysim , Kirecci Sinan Levent , Horasanli Kaya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective Paratesticular neoplasms exhibit different behaviours, depending on the embryological tissue of origin. Treatment modalities can depend on the differential diagnosis. The aim of this study is to present the clinical, morphological and histopathological features of patients with paratesticular masses and their follow-ups and is intended to increase awareness of the issues.
Methodology We included 31 excisions of paratesticular masses, after radiological diagnosis as paratesticular mass in our hospital between 2007–2020. Information on treatment modalities, tumour recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates were obtained from hospital archives. All patients were evaluated by taking patients’ history, physical examination, scrotal ultrasound, chest radiography, and serum tumour markers. Treatment modality was selected according to intraoperative findings. Haematoxylin-eosin sections were examined, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed for smooth muscle actin, desmin, Ki67, CD34, S100, and myogenin. Ten high-power fields were counted to document Ki67 and p53 nuclear positivity rates.
Results A total of 31 operations were performed with recurrence in three patients. Histomorphological and immunohistochemical examination revealed eleven malignant masses; eight rhabdomyosarcomas, a leiomyosarcoma, a liposarcoma and a large B cell lymphoma. Other excised masses were benign and infective lesions.
Conclusion Paratesticular masses are heterogeneous tumours that follow different clinical courses. Clinicians must be aware of this histological diversity in order to plan a treatment pathway. This study is one of the largest published series, with a long follow-up period. It shows that the most critical features in determining prognosis are histopathological subtype and tumour grade.
Beinvenenthrombose und Lungenembolie nach Varizensklerosierung
Authors: Elsner P. , Meyer J. 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungBei einer Patientin erfolgte unter der klinischen Diagnose „Venektasien Oberschenkel- und Unterschenkelbereich“ eine Schaumsklerosierungsbehandlung mittels Äthoxysklerolschaum. 5 Tage später stellte sich die Patientin mit starken Schmerzen im Wadenbereich und starker Behinderung beim Auftreten wieder vor, wobei nach klinischer Befunderhebung mit diskretem Rötungsnachweis der Verdacht auf eine Thrombophlebitis geäußert wurde. Die Behandlung erfolgte mit Ibuprofen. Ein Termin zu einer duplexsonografischen Untersuchung 11 Tage später wurde vereinbart, von der Patientin allerdings erst nach 16 Tagen wahrgenommen, wobei eine Phlebografie erfolgte, die eine tiefe Venenthrombose zeigte. Eine folgende stationäre Behandlung ergab zusätzlich eine Lungenarterienembolie.Die Patientin bemängelte ihre Behandlung in der Hautarztpraxis. Durch eine fehlerhafte Verödungsbehandlung bzw. Nachkontrolle sei eine tiefe Thrombose mit nachfolgender Lungenembolie nicht erkannt worden und durch Verkennung offenkundiger Symptome eine Falschbehandlung erfolgt.Von einem hinzugezogenen dermatologischen Gutachter und der Schlichtungsstelle wurde ein Behandlungsfehler bestätigt. Die Verödungstherapie stellte zwar eine anerkannte Behandlungsmethode der Varikosis nach Facharztstandard dar. Eine tiefe Venenthrombose nach Sklerosierungstherapie ist zwar sehr selten, jedoch wären nach Wiedervorstellung der Patientin wegen erheblicher Beschwerden weiterführende diagnostische Maßnahmen, insbesondere eine duplexsonografische Abklärung, ohne wesentliche Zeitverzögerung indiziert gewesen. Es handelte sich um einen Befunderhebungsmangel, der im konkreten Fall zu einer Beweislastumkehr hinsichtlich der Kausalität des Behandlungsfehlers für den eingetretenen Schaden führte.Nach endovenösen Eingriffen bei Varikosis sind tiefe Venenthrombosen mit dem Risiko einer Lungenembolie seltene, aber typische Komplikationen. Bei nach einer Schaumsklerosierung auftretenden Extremitätenschmerzen sollte eine tiefe Venenthrombose differenzialdiagnostisch erwogen und unverzüglich durch eine Duplexsonografie und Bestimmung der D-Dimere bestätigt oder ausgeschlossen und ggf. leitliniengerecht therapiert werden. Die Verzögerung eines indizierten Thromboseausschlusses kann als schuldhafter Befunderhebungsfehler mit der Folge der Beweislastumkehr gewertet werden.
Clinical efficacy and safety of magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) and transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF2) in refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chandan Saurabh , Mohan Babu P. , Khan Shahab R. , Jha Lokesh K. , Dhaliwal Amaninder J. , Bilal Mohammad , Aziz Muhammad , Canakis Andrew , Arora Sumant , Malik Sarah , Kassab Lena L. , Ponnada Suresh , Bhat Ishfaq , Hewlett Alexander T. , Sharma Neil , McDonough Stephanie , Adler Douglas G. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are effective medical therapy options for gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, 20 % to 40 % of patients report symptoms despite taking daily PPI. Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF2) and magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) are less invasive options for the treatment of refractory GERD and are increasingly gaining popularity.
Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases to identify relevant studies. Our primary aim was to compare the efficacy of both interventions reported as improvement in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease-Health Related Quality of Life (GERD-HRQL) score, overall patient satisfaction, improvement in post-procedure regurgitation, and fraction of patients completely off PPI therapy at follow up.
Results Twenty-four studies with 1942 patients were included in the final analysis. Both MSA and TIF2 had comparable technical success and clinical success based on improvement in GERD-HRQL scores i. e. 98.8 % (CI 95.6,99.7) vs 98.5 % (CI 95.7,99.5) and 80.4 % (CI 66,89.6) vs 77.7 % (CI 64.1,87.2), respectively. A significantly greater proportion of patients reported improvement in regurgitation, i. e. 91.1 % (CI 83.8,95.3) vs 73.1 % (CI 62.5,81.7) and were able to completely discontinue PPI therapy with MSA compared to TIF2 i. e. 91.3 % (CI 81.5,96.2) vs 63.8 % (CI 51.6,74.4). Patients’ BMI and presence of a hiatal hernia did not have any effect on procedural outcomes.
Conclusion Both procedures performed at par when comparing clinical success in terms of improvement in GERD-HRQL scores. In terms of overall patient satisfaction, post procedure regurgitation and cumulative number of patients off PPI therapy, MSA outperforms TIF2.
Effect of music on pediatric endoscopic examinations: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bay Constanza , Henriquez Romina , Villarroel Luis , Gana Juan Cristóbal 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims The primary objective was to measure the effect of music as an adjunct to sedation in patient anxiety levels during pediatric endoscopic examinations.
Patients and methods We performed a single-blind randomized controlled trial comparing music with no music in children aged 2 to 18 years. Anxiety was measured using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS) and the Visual Analog Anxiety Scale (VAS-anxiety). Patient perception of pain was evaluated with the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPRS). Patient experience, family satisfaction, and endoscopist perception of difficulty were evaluated. Sedative doses were recorded.
Results A total of 51 children were randomized to the experimental group and 49 children to the control group. The mean ages were 10.5 years and 12.3 years, respectively. There were 63 % female subjects with no differences between groups. Overall, there were 85 upper endoscopies and 15 colonoscopies. In the recovery unit, the experimental group had lower average m-YPAS scores (mean score 27.7 vs 34.7; P < 0.001), a higher proportion of them had low m-YPAS scores (80 % vs 49 % P < 0.001), had lower VAS-anxiety scores [mean score 0.55 vs 1.57 (P = 0.003)], and had lower WBFPRS scores [mean score 2.7 vs 1.3 (P = 0.001)]. There were no statistically significant differences found in the amount of standard sedation given to the groups, nor in additional sedation administered. In the experimental group, the patient-reported experience was significantly better.
Conclusions The study results show that music reduces anxiety and pain associated with endoscopic procedures in children. It also facilitates these procedures and improves patient satisfaction.
Alternative operative Verfahren zur Behandlung der gastroösophagealen Refluxerkrankung
Authors: Schoppmann Sebastian F. 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Versagen der medikamentösen Therapie bei mehr als 30% der Patienten mit gastroösophagealer Refluxerkrankung (GERD) wie auch zunehmende Bedenken bez. einer säurehemmenden Dauertherapie haben zu einer neuen Fokussierung auf chirurgische Antirefluxtherapien geführt. Unter den Sphinkteraugmentationsverfahren haben die beiden laparoskopischen Verfahren, die magnetische (LINX) und die elektrische (EndoStim), eine breitere Anwendung gefunden. Die magnetische Sphinkteraugmentation stellte eine sehr sichere (Komplikationsrate 0,1% und Reoperationsrate 3,4%) Methode dar, die sowohl zu signifikanten Verbesserungen der subjektiven (GERD-HRQL-Verbesserung 19,9 auf 4,1; p = 0,001) als auch objektiven GERD-Erfolgsparameter (79% PPI-Freiheit und 89% Normalisierung der Säureexposition im distalen Ösophagus) führt. Die elektrische Sphinkteraugmentation hat erste vielversprechende Kurzzeitergebnisse in geringen Patientenanzahlen gezeigt (92% subjektive Beschwerdeverbesserung). Ein Vergleich zum operativen Goldstandard der laparoskopischen Fundoplikation ist bei beiden Methoden ausständig. Alternative, laparoskopische Antirefluxmethoden stellen eine potenzielle Alternative zur laparoskopischen Fundoplikation dar.
The Prevention of Positioning Injuries During Gynecologic Surgery. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k Level, AWMF Registry Number 015/077, October 2020)
Authors: Fleisch Markus C. , Bader Werner , Balzer Kai , Bennefeld Luisa , Boeing Carsten , Bremerich Dorothee , Gass Paul , Geissbuehler Verena , Koch Martin C. , Nothacker Monika J. , Pietzner Klaus , Renner Stefan P. , Römer Thomas , Roth Stephan , Schütz Florian , Schulte-Mattler Wilhelm , Sehouli Jalid , Lippach Kristina , Tamussino Karl , Teichmann Alexander , Tempfer Clemens , Thill Marc , Tinneberg Hans-Rudolf , Zarras Konstantinos 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose Positioning injuries are relatively common, forensically highly relevant complications of gynecologic surgery. The aim of this official AWMF S2k-guideline is to provide statements and recommendations on how to prevent positioning injuries using the currently available literature. The literature was evaluated by an interdisciplinary group of experts from professional medical societies. The consensus on recommendations and statements was achieved in a structured consensus process.
Method The current guideline is based on the expired S1-guideline, which was updated by a systematic search of the literature and a review of relevant publications issued between February 2014 and March 2019. Statements were compiled and voted on by a panel of experts.
Recommendations The guideline provides general and specific recommendations on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of positioning injuries.
The Efficacy of Ab Externo Canaloplasty by Using a Nonabsorbable Suture and No Viscoelastics; IOP Results, Intraoperative and Early Complication Rates within 6-Month Follow-Up Period
Authors: Vastardis Iraklis , Fili Sofia , Perdikakis Georgios , Kontopoulou Kalliopi , Gatzioufas Zisis , Kohlhaas Markus 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background To report the efficacy of ab externo canaloplasty by exclusively using only a nonabsorbable suture as a standalone operation or combined with phacoemulsification in terms of mean intraocular pressure (IOP), medication reduction, and intra- and postoperative complication rates as well as additional glaucoma surgery.
Patients and Methods Forty-eight patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 50 eyes were divided into two groups according to the operation performed (Group A canaloplasty, n = 34 and Group B canaloplasty combined with phaco, n = 16), respectively. The success criteria were evaluated between three IOP ranges: a) IOP ≤ 16 mmHg, b) ≤ 18 mmHg, and c) ≤ 21 mmHg. Complete success was considered the percentage of eyes reaching these goals with no medication and qualified success with or without medication. Groups A and B were compared with the Kaplan-Meier test. Mean IOP and medication reduction as well as additional glaucoma surgery were also evaluated. The follow-up time was 6 months. Statistical importance was given at p < 0.05.
Results Fail rate and intraoperative conversion of canaloplasty to other surgery (trabeculotomy due to extensive cheese-wiring) accounted for 12% (6 eyes), while a mandatory usage of the iTrack 250A microcatheter to successfully overcome intracanalicular bridging of the Schlemmʼs canal accounted for 20% (10 eyes). The most common early postoperative complications in both groups were hyphema, cheese wiring, and transient IOP rising. The mean IOP in Group A reduced from 23.67 ± 6.06 mmHg to 13.35 ± 4.23 mmHg and in Group B, it reduced from 23.55 ± 6.19 mmHg to 12.75 ± 1.5 mmHg at 6 months (p < 0.001). Group Aʼs absolute success rates accounted for a) 44%, b) 47.1%, and c) 52.9% in comparison to Group B [a) 50%, b) 50%, and c) 56.3%] at 6 months (p < 0.05). Qualified success with or without medication showed no statistical differences between the groups. The mean medication reduction was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in both groups (Group A from baseline
3.2 ± 1.23 to 0.95 ± 1.35 and Group B from 3.12 ± 0.88 to 1.12 ± 0.75 at 6 months, respectively). Five eyes (10%) required additional glaucoma surgery.
Conclusions Ab externo canaloplasty by exclusively using only a nonabsorbable suture as a standalone operation or combined with phacoemulsification seems to lower the mean IOP and medication sufficiently. However, they pose a greater surgical challenge and intraoperative complication rate. Additional glaucoma surgery or medication following both procedures may be necessary to achieve an optimal target IOP.
Optic Disc Features in Familial Retinal Arteriolar Tortuosity
Authors: Sinner Veronika , Heckmann Jan , Sturm Veit , Valmaggia Christophe , Todorova Margarita G. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose Describing optic disc appearance in familial retinal arteriolar tortuosity (fRAT) using multimodal imaging and raising awareness of peripapillary arterial changes due to this disorder.
Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in four consecutive patients of two non-related families. Detailed ophthalmological examination was performed and supported by medical and family history and multimodal imaging.
Results In all subjects, increased tortuosity of second- and third-order retinal arteries in superior and deeper vascular plexus was documented. Furthermore, tortuosity in the peripapillary circle of Zinn-Haller was found. In addition, retinal vessel oximetry confirmed tortuosity only of the arterial vessels.
Conclusion The present data suggests that a blurry bordered, hyperemic optic disc in the presence of abnormally tortuous arteriolar vessels and asymptomatically or oligosymptomatically spontaneously resolved hemorrhages could be associated with a fRAT. This finding could be linked to peripapillary arterial vessel tortuosity.
Generation „Social Media“ – Nutzung moderner Medien zum Informationsgewinn bezüglich Sportverletzungen
Authors: Enz Andreas , Schöffl Volker , Simon Michael , Back David Alexander , Tischer Thomas , Lutter Christoph 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Die Nutzung digitaler Medien ist in nahezu allen Bereich des täglichen Lebens zur Normalität geworden. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es zu analysieren, inwieweit verletzte Sportler Online-Medien nutzen, um Informationen über Sportverletzungen oder deren Prävention zu erhalten.Material und Methoden Zwischen 07/2017 und 12/2019 wurden im Klettersport sowohl Freizeit- als auch Wettkampfsportler nach ihrer Nutzung verschiedener Medien mit Hinblick auf die Bereiche Sportmedizin und Prävention befragt.Ergebnisse 488 Athleten wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen (70,9 % männlich, 29,1 % weiblich, 33,2 ± 10,3 (13–71) Jahre). 69,9 % der Athleten nutzen online verfügbare medizinische Inhalte, wobei die Videoplattform YouTube am häufigsten zur spezifischen Suche verwendet wird (24,4 %). Jüngere Athleten (< 30 Jahre) nutzen Videoplattformen deutlich häufiger als ältere Athleten (p = 0,011). Sportspezifische Literatur wird von der Altersgruppe 30.–50. Lebensjahr am häufigsten verwendet (37,4 %). Die Altersgruppe > 50 Jahre nutzt dieses Medium signifikant seltener (18,8 %; p = 0,013). Wettkampfathleten nutzen signifikant häufiger webbasierte medizinische Inhalte als Freizeitathleten (p = 0,005). Das generelle Interesse an Verletzungsprophylaxe ist groß, wobei Wettkampfathleten häufiger entsprechende Inhalte nutzen. Fast 9 % aller befragten Patienten begaben sich aufgrund ihrer Online-Recherchearbeit in eine entsprechende sportorthopädische Einrichtung.Zusammenfassung Internetbasierte medizinische Informationen werden von 69,9 % der Athleten genutzt, die Videoplattform YouTube wird am häufigsten verwendet. Videoplattformen und sportspezifische Literatur werden von jüngeren Athleten deutlich häufiger als von älteren Athleten genutzt. Webbasierte medizinische Inhalte werden von Wettkampfathleten signifikant häufiger aufgerufen als von Freizeitathleten. Das generelle Interesse an Verletzungsprophylaxe ist groß, wobei Wettkampfathleten häufiger entsprechende Inhalte nutzen bzw. suchen.
Establishment of Early Pregnancy Related Thyroid Hormone Models and Reference Intervals for Pregnant Women in China Based on Real World Data
Authors: Ma Chaochao , Li Xiaoqi , Liu Lixin , Cheng Xinqi , Xue Fang , Wu Jie , Xia Liangyu , Yin Yicong , Wang Danchen , Zou Yutong , Qiu Ling , Liu Juntao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThyroid hormone reference intervals are crucial for diagnosing and monitoring thyroid dysfunction during early pregnancy, and the dynamic change trend of thyroid hormones during pregnancy can assist clinicians to assess the thyroid function of pregnant women. This study aims to establish early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models and reference intervals for pregnant women. We established two derived databases: derived database* and derived database#. Reference individuals in database* were used to establish gestational age-specific reference intervals for thyroid hormones and early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models for pregnant women. Individuals in database# were apparently healthy non-pregnant women. The thyroid hormones levels of individuals in database# were compared with that of individuals in database* using nonparametric methods and the comparative confidence interval method. The differences in thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine between early pregnant and non-pregnant women were statistically significant (p<0.0001). The reference intervals of thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine for early pregnant women were 0.052–3.393 μIU/ml, 1.01–1.54 ng/dl, and 2.51–3.66 pg/ml, respectively. Results concerning thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine reference intervals of early pregnancy are comparable with those from other studies using the same detection platform. Early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models showed various change patterns with gestational age for thyroid hormones. Early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models and reference intervals for pregnant women were established, so as to provide accurate and reliable reference basis for the diagnosing and monitoring of maternal thyroid disfunction in early pregnancy.
Mental Comorbidity in Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Seifert Olga , Baerwald Christoph 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this review, we summarise the most relevant studies in a PubMed Search term
“mental disorders and rheumatic disease” in the last 15 years.
Mental disorders such as depression and anxiety are common in people with
rheumatic diseases. Treating these comorbidities can improve the patientʼs
quality of life. The high prevalence of symptoms of psychiatric disorders is a
challenge for rheumatologists, especially with regard to the differentiation of
possible psychiatric components in rheumatological diseases. Screening for
psychiatric problems in patients with rheumatic diseases should be evaluated as
soon as possible, as these can have a major influence on the perception of pain
and physical functioning status from the outset. Mental health disorders are
seen as a risk factor for poor patient outcomes, as patients may not adhere to
medical treatments. The potential side effects of biological agents can increase
patient anxiety and affect adherence to therapy. Therefore, interdisciplinary
care would be of great advantage in the treatment of rheumatic patients with
psychological comorbidities.
Nickel-Catalyzed Difunctionalization of Alkynyl Bromides with Thiosulfonates and N-Arylthio Succinimides: A Convenient Synthesis of 1,2-Thiosulfonylethenes and 1,1-Dithioethenes
Authors: Reddy Raju Jannapu , Kumari Arram Haritha , Kumar Jangam Jagadesh , Krishna Gamidi Rama 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAn efficient nickel-catalyzed vicinal thiosulfonylation of 1-bromoalkynes with thiosulfonates in the presence of cesium carbonate is described. An operationally simple and highly regioselective atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) of alkynyl bromides provides a wide range of (E)-1,2-thiosulfonylethenes (α-aryl-β-thioarylvinyl sulfones) in moderate to high yields. The extensive substrate scope of both alkynyl bromides and thiosulfonates is explored with a broad range of functional groups. Indole-derived 1,1-bromoalkenes were also successfully explored in this 1,2-thiosulfonylation process. Moreover, the nickel-catalyzed geminal-dithiolation of alkynyl bromides with N-arylthio succinimides provides 1,1-dithioalkenes in high yields. The present protocol is reliable on gram scale, and a sequential one-pot bromination and thiosulfonylation of phenylacetylene is achieved in a scale-up synthesis. Following control experiments, a plausible mechanism is proposed to rationalize the experimental outcome and the vicinal thio­sulfonylation.
Reactions of 4-Pyrones with Azomethine Ylides as a Chemo­selective Method for the Construction of Multisubstituted Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrrolidines
Authors: Obydennov Dmitrii L. , Steben’kov Vyacheslav D. , Obydennov Konstantin L. , Usachev Sergey A. , Moshkin Vladimir S. , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Y. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract4-Pyrones bearing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups react with nonstabilized azomethine ylides to form pyrano[2,3-c]pyrrolidines in moderate to good yields. The reaction proceeds chemoselectively as a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the azomethine ylide at the carbon–carbon double bond of the pyrone activated by the electron-withdrawing substituent. The reactivity of 4-pyrones toward azomethine ylides was rationalized by computational studies with the use of reactivity indexes. The pyrano[2,3-c]pyrrolidine moiety could be modified, for example by a ring-opening transformation under the action of hydrazine to provide pyrazolyl-substituted pyrrolidines.