bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE FOUR Ps: A SIMPLE TOOL FOR MAKING BETTER LEADERSHIP DECISIONS
Authors: Hajim Ed 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe author is a Wall Street executive with more than 50 years of investment experience, as well as leadership positions in higher education and elsewhere. He looks back on his career and self‐development, where he recently “wondered what I could enumerate that might help others in leadership positions.” He outlines and explains in detail what he calls the “Four Ps, a methodology for talking to yourself, your family and your business associates.” In his words, they are find your passions, find your principles, find your partners, and find your plans. He offers questions for reflection within each of the Four Ps. For instance, in point 1, and in his words, How have your passions helped or hurt you as a leader? In point 2, What are your most important principles? When did you first start to acquire them, how and where? In Point 3, Who are your partners? How have they changed your life? In point 4, Have you caught a wave or a cycle—and do you think it is important to do so? He concludes: Each leader’s style is a little different, and in most cases, it is based on those first two Ps—passion and principles.
Comprehensive physics testing and adaptive weather research and forecasting physics for day‐ahead solar forecasting
Authors: Huva Robert , Song Guiting , Zhong Xiaohui , Zhao Yangyang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNumerical weather prediction (NWP) models, which attempt to simulate the full state of the atmosphere, come with many options for dealing with processes that are unable to be explicitly resolved by the model. These model parameterizations are an ongoing area of research in atmospheric science. However, with continuous contributions from the research community and subsequent upgrade of the NWP codes, there are often many options for each unresolved process—leaving the user confronted with potentially thousands of ways to configure the model. We use the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model to forecast global horizontal irradiance (GHI) and undertake the task of narrowing down these options for a location in Qinghai, China. We show that optimizing the configuration of the WRF model based on the type of day (sunny, partly cloudy, or cloudy) is 13.6% better than using a single best configuration for all types of days. We also show that this performance improvement holds true for a longer 3‐month test period (17.8% improvement).
Improving homogeneity in abdominal imaging at 3 T with light, flexible, and compact metasurface
Authors: Vorobyev Vsevolod , Shchelokova Alena , Efimtcev Alexander , Baena Juan D. , Abdeddaim Redha , Belov Pavel , Melchakova Irina , Glybovski Stanislav 
Published: July 2021

PurposeRadiofrequency field inhomogeneity is a significant issue in imaging large fields of view in high‐ and ultrahigh‐field MRI. Passive shimming with coupled coils or dielectric pads is the most common approach at 3 T. We introduce and test light and compact metasurface, providing the same homogeneity improvement in clinical abdominal imaging at 3 T as a conventional dielectric pad.MethodsThe metasurface comprising a periodic structure of copper strips and parallel‐plate capacitive elements printed on a flexible polyimide substrate supports propagation of slow electromagnetic waves similar to a high‐permittivity slab. We compare the metasurface operating inside a transmit body birdcage coil to the state‐of‐the‐art pad by numerical simulations and in vivo study on healthy volunteers.ResultsNumerical simulations with different body models show that the local minimum of causing a dark void in the abdominal domain is removed by the metasurface with comparable resulting homogeneity as for the pad with decreasing maximum and whole‐body SAR values. In vivo results confirm similar homogeneity improvement and demonstrate the stability to body mass index.ConclusionThe light, flexible, and inexpensive metasurface can replace a relatively heavy and expensive pad based on the aqueous suspension of barium titanate in abdominal imaging at 3 T.
Self‐healing triggering mechanism in epoxy‐based material containing microencapsulated amino‐polysiloxane
Authors: Da Costa Sara Ferreira , Zuber Marcus , Zakharova Margarita , Mikhaylov Andrey , Baumbach Tilo , Kunka Danays , Pezzin Sergio Henrique 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis work combines non‐destructive X‐ray micro‐computed tomography (µCT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study the self‐healing triggering mechanism in a system consisting of an epoxy resin, based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, with embedded poly(urea‐formaldehyde) (PUF) microcapsules filled with an amino‐functional polysiloxane (PDMS‐a) as a healing agent. µCT and SEM analyses proved that PDMS‐a was effective in filling the microcrack areas, providing an efficient self‐healing process, and confirmed that the main mechanisms for increasing fracture toughness are due to crack bowing and deflections. It was also observed that the diameter and shell thickness of the microcapsules are essential factors for their dispersion and integrity into the polymer matrix. PUF microcapsules with shell thickness of ca. 0.4 µm and diameters <60 µm were stable and well dispersed within the matrix. These findings shed light for understanding the increase of the fracture toughness, after self‐healing, reported in our previous study of this system.
Ultrafast epitaxial growth of CuO nanowires using atmospheric pressure plasma with enhanced electrocatalytic and photocatalytic activities
Authors: Dey Avishek , Ghosh Paheli , Chandrabose Gauthaman , Damptey Lois A. O. , Kuganathan Navaratnarajah , Sainio Sami , Nordlund Dennis , Selvaraj Vimalnath , Chroneos Alexander , St J. Braithwaite Nicholas , Krishnamurthy Satheesh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis work reports an environment friendly alternative to epitaxially grow copper oxide nanowires (NWs) on copper substrates using single step atmospheric pressure plasma jet assisted oxidation. NWs of average length 300 nm are grown rapidly in 5 minutes along with transforming the surface to superhydrophilic. This method introduces defects in the nanowire structure which is otherwise difficult to achieve due to the highly isotropic nature of nanowire growth. High resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals vacancies and structural defects such as lattice twinning and kinks. Theoretical investigations using density functional theory calculations indicated that oxygen vacancies reduces the adsorption energy of methanol molecules onto the CuO (111) surface and shifts the Fermi level towards conduction band. During electrocatalysis, these defect‐rich nanowires exhibit twice the catalytic activity toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in comparison to the traditionally thermally grown nanowires. Moreover, retreating the electrodes after each stability test drops the contact resistance similar to the prisitine sample. Additionally, these NW photocathodes demonstrate an exceptional photocurrent of 2.2 mAcm–2 and have an excellent degradation activity towards organic pollutants namely phenol and paracetamol. This facile growth method can be used to engineer nanowires of other transition metals with enhanced activities.
An exploration of the effects of information giving and information needs of women with newly diagnosed early‐stage breast cancer: A mixed‐method systematic review
Authors: Zou Guanfa , Simons Alison , Toland Samantha 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo review the information needs of women with newly diagnosed early‐stage breast cancer and the effects of information giving by measuring patient‐reported outcomes.DesignA mixed‐method systematic review using PRISMA guidelines.MethodsThe major electronic nursing databases were searched from inception until 31 December 2019 using key terms. Included studies were assessed using the Crowes Critical Appraisal Tool.ResultsFour quantitative studies and two qualitative studies, comprising of 537 participants (age range from 25 to 98 years), were included for the ultimate qualitative synthesis of this review. There was high‐level evidence that demonstrated the prevalence of these groups of women's information needs and their improvement in fighting spirit and decrease in helplessness/hopelessness for information giving interventions; low‐level evidence of long‐term adjustment and well‐being improvement; and limited evidence indicating that inadequate information, including restricted information, too much information and conflicting information could cause some ramifications.
Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses focused on the treatment of obesity
Authors: Faulkner Jantzen J. , Polson Connor , Dodd Andrew H. , Ottwell Ryan , Arthur Wade , Neff Jenny , Chronister Justin , Hartwell Micah , Wright Drew N. , Vassar Matt 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveSpin, i.e., the misrepresentation of research findings, has the potential to affect patient care. Evidence suggests that spin is prevalent in obesity randomized controlled trials. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate spin in abstracts of systematic reviews covering obesity treatments.MethodsMEDLINE and Embase were searched to retrieve systematic reviews on obesity treatments. Each systematic review abstract was inspected for the nine most severe types of spin, i.e., the misrepresentation of study findings by exaggeration or omission, regardless of intentionality. Screening and data extraction occurred in a masked, triplicate fashion. Methodological quality was determined using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR‐2).ResultsSpin was identified in 20 (out of 200, 10%) abstracts, with spin type 5 (claiming efficacy despite high risk of bias among primary studies) being most common (11/200, 5.5%). Spin types 2 and 7, both related to unsupported efficacy claims, were not found. No associations were found between spin and extracted study characteristics. The methodological quality of the sample was rated as follows: critically low (23.0%), low (13.5%), moderate (60.5%), and high (3%).ConclusionsAlthough these findings demonstrate a low proportion of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews for obesity treatment; increased preventive measures may further reduce its presence.
Silicone‐based polymer blends: Enhancing properties through compatibilization
Authors: Abdilla Allison , D'Ambra Colton A. , Geng Zhishuai , Shin Jaeman J. , Czuczola Michael , Goldfeld David J. , Biswas Souvagya , Mecca Jodi M. , Swier Steven , Bekemeier Thomas D. , Laitar David S. , Bates Morgan W. , Bates Christopher M. , Hawker Craig J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPolymer blending is a cost‐effective way to control the properties of soft materials, but the propensity for blends to macrophase separate motivates the development of efficient compatibilization strategies. Across this broad area, compatibilization is particularly important for polysiloxanes, which exhibit strong repulsive interactions with most organic polymers. This review analyzes state‐of‐the‐art polysiloxane compatibilization strategies for silicone–organic polymer blends. Emphasis is placed on chemical innovation in the design of compatibilization agents that may expedite the commercialization of new silicone–organic materials. We anticipate that hybrid silicone blends will continue to play an important role in fundamental and applied materials science across industry and academia.
Cancer patient perspective in the arena of COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ballatore Zelmira , Merloni Filippo , Ranallo Nicoletta , Bastianelli Lucia , Vitarelli Francesca , Cantini Luca , Ricci Giulia , Ferretti Benedetta , Alessandroni Paolo , Del Prete Michela , Chiorrini Silvia , Safi Mobin , Ficarelli Rita , Benedetti Giovanni , Faloppi Luca , Marcellini Massimo , Stoico Rosa , Berardi Rossana 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak has been declared a global pandemic of unprecedented proportions. Italy is a country which has been heavily affected. Cancer patients are at a higher risk owing to their intrinsic fragility related to their underlying disease and oncologic treatment. Against this backdrop, we conducted a survey to investigate how patients perceived their condition, clinical management and availability of information during the pandemic.MethodsBetween 15 April and 1 May 2020 a survey was submitted to cancer patients at oncology departments in the Marche region. Questions regarding the perception of personal safety, continuity of cancer care, information quality and psychological distress.ResultsSeven hundred patients participated in the survey; 59% were female and 40% were aged between 46 and 65. The majority of the participants perceived compliance with appropriate safety standards by cancer care providers and 80% were reassured about their concerns during the medical interview. 40% were worried of being at a higher risk of infection and 71% felt they were at a greater risk because of chemotherapy. 55% felt that postponing cancer treatment could reduce its efficacy, however 76% declared they did not feel abandoned at the time of treatment postponement. Patients between 46 and 65 years declared a significant reduction in sleep (p < 0.01) and in concentration (p = 0.03).ConclusionsThe emergency care offered to cancer patients has been deemed satisfactory in terms of both safety standards and care management. However, the majority of participants perceived the mutual negative influence between their oncologic disease and the risk of infection highlighting the need for special measures to ensure safe continuity of care.
Risk perception, treatment adherence, and personality during COVID‐19 pandemic: An international study on cancer patients
Authors: Cheli Simone , Lam Wendy W. T. , Estapé Tania , Winterling Jeanette , Bahcivan Ozan , Andritsch Elisabeth , Weis Joachim , Centeno Isabel , Serpentini Samantha , Farkas Clemens , Wengström Yvonne , Fioretto Luisa , Baider Lea , Lam Cherry C. L. , Goldzweig Gil 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the role of personality traits in moderating the relation between COVID‐19 risk perception and treatment adherence, and between risk perception and psychosocial distress in patients diagnosed with cancer.MethodsAn online survey (n = 1281) was conducted worldwide in seven countries (Austria, Germany, Hong Kong, Italy, Spain, Sweden, and Turkey). Inclusion criteria were to be 18 years of age or older, have received a cancer diagnosis, and be in treatment or follow‐up. A few moderated regression models were performed with both personality traits and Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology super‐spectra as moderators.ResultsDetachment, negative affectivity, psychoticism and all the super‐spectra significantly moderated the relation between coronavirus risk perception and psychosocial distress, after the adjusting effect of confidence in safeguards. Only negative affectivity moderated the association between coronavirus risk perception and treatment adherence.ConclusionsPersonality traits may foster the understanding of how a patient might adjust to cancer treatment and, more generically, to highly stressful events such as the COVID‐19 pandemic. Further research is needed to confirm the results in different cancer stages and types.
Biology, ecology, and management of cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsisTinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
Authors: Waqas Muhammad S , Shi Zuhua , Yi Tian‐Ci , Xiao Rong , Shoaib Ali AZ , Elabasy Asem SS , Jin Dao‐Chao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a highly invasive and harmful pest. It causes considerable loss of cotton crops in China, India and Pakistan. Little is known about its bionomics since it was first recorded in Pakistan and India in 2005. Rapid spread of this pest worldwide has accelerated research on its biology, ecology and management. The P. solenopsis has a short life cycle, and optimal temperatures lead to an increase in the number of generations per year, which is a serious threat to cotton crop production. Cotton mealybug is native to the USA, although it has now spread to >43 countries. Insecticidal control is the primary and dominant practice for this pest, and its resistance to commonly used insecticides is increasing. Biocontrol agents have strong potential for the management of nymphal instar stages. We read >250 articles related to our review title and finally reviewed recent advances in the understanding of P. solenopsis biology, ecology and control approaches, aiming to highlight integrated and biological management practices of this pest. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Methyl jasmonate‐induced resistance to Delia platura (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in Lupinus mutabilis
Authors: Erazo‐Garcia Maria P , Sotelo‐Proaño Adolfo R , Ramirez‐Villacis Dario X , Garcés‐Carrera Sandra , Leon‐Reyes Antonio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDAndean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) is an important leguminous crop from South America with a high protein content. In Ecuador, lupin yields are severely affected by the infestation of Delia platura larvae on germinating seeds. The application of elicitor molecules with activity against herbivorous insects to control D. platura infestation constitutes an unexplored and promising alternative for chemical insecticides. In this study, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), hexanoic acid, menadione sodium bisulfite, and DL‐β‐aminobutyric acid were evaluated for their ability to induce resistance against D. platura in three commercial lupin cultivars.RESULTSOnly seeds pretreated with MeJA significantly impaired insect performance during choice and no‐choice assays. Additionally, fitness indicators such as seed germination and growth were not affected by MeJA treatment. To investigate the molecular mechanisms behind the MeJA‐mediated resistance, RT‐qPCR assays were performed. First, RT‐qPCR reference genes were validated, showing that LmUBC was the most stable reference gene. Next, expression analysis over time revealed that MeJA application up‐regulated the activity of the jasmonic acid biosynthetic genes LmLOX2 and LmAOS, together with other jasmonate‐related defense genes, such as LmTPS1, LmTPS4, LmPI2, LmMBL, LmL/ODC, LmCSD1, and LmPOD.CONCLUSIONThis study indicates that MeJA can be used as an environmentally friendly elicitor molecule to protect Andean lupin from D. platura attack without fitness cost. MeJA application induces plant defense responses to insects in Andean lupin that may be modulated by the onset of terpenoid biosynthesis, proteinase inhibitors, lectins, polyamines, and antioxidative enzymes. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Substituent effects and mechanism studies in CO2 transformation to benzoxazinone derivatives as worthwhile N‐containing heterocycles: Insight from Density functional theory
Authors: Sabet‐Sarvestani Hossein , Eshghi Hossein , Izadyar Mohammad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe substituted arynes, an imine compound, and atmospheric CO2 have been considered as the starting materials in a theoretical study of a CO2 transformation to N‐containing heterocycles. Functional groups show substantial effects on the studied mechanisms. The obtained results show that Mechanism A, in which the imine compound is added to arynes, is the most probable mechanism. Kinetic studies are performed by the energetic span model. The transition stats of Step 1 and the corresponding intermediates are the turnover‐frequency determining transition state (TDTS) and turnover‐frequency determining intermediate (TDI), respectively. Also, electron localization function (ELF) analyses reveal that the electron densities of developing monosynaptic basins on the carbon atom (V[C]) at the transition state show a good linear correlation with the calculated energy values of TDTS. Electron‐withdrawing and electron‐releasing characters of the substituents affect the TDTS energy values.
Financial distress and the cost of labor: Evidence from a natural experiment
Authors: Pedersen David J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEmployees bear significant costs in bankruptcy. Theoretical models predict they will accept lower wages in the face of financial distress to avoid such costs. Using a natural experiment, I test this theory and find an exogenous increase in default risk causes a decrease in employee wages. The effect is economically meaningful: the reduction in aggregate annual wages equals 10% of the firm's earnings and 33% of its interest expense. As expected, it is concentrated in financially vulnerable firms and those with fewer agency conflicts. Employees thus represent an important financial resource for firms in the midst of financial distress.
Stabilization control of a flexible marine riser with failed and bounded actuator and time‐varying boundary constraints
Authors: Han Zhiji , Liu Zhijie , He Xiuyu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the stabilization control problem of a flexible marine riser system with a failed and bounded control action and time‐varying boundary constraints. The considered system is modeled as a distributed parameter system dominated by a partial differential equation. The involved problems are extended to some more general conditions. The saturation and failures of the actuator make the input and output of the actuator a nonlinear relationship, which leads to the normally designed control input invalid. By applying the Nussbaum gain technique, we report a synthetical control method to tackle the input nonlinearity. A piecewise barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) is introduced to reduce the boundary displacement in an asymmetric open set. Compared with the traditional BLFs, the initial boundary displacement is not forced to retain within the given region by integrating a shifting function into the BLF design. In addition, the adaptive method is combined with the hyperbolic tangent function to provide a smooth control solution to the unknown parameters from nonlinear input and external perturbation. Relying on a Lyapunov‐based analysis and a numerical simulation, it is proven that the actuated riser system is uniformly bounded and the boundary displacement always keeps in the limited set even subject to actuator failures and limitations.
Building resilience for healthcare professionals working in an Italian red zone during the COVID‐19 outbreak: A pilot study
Authors: Giordano Francesca , Cipolla Alessandra , Ungar Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has placed considerable strain on healthcare workers showing high rates of stress and psychological health problems. Interventions are urgently needed to help healthcare workers perform under conditions of great risk and uncertainty. In particular, healthcare leadership is known to be critical to supporting healthcare workers to deal with an uncertain and distressing healthcare environment. This pilot study evaluated the impact of the R2 resilience program tailored for healthcare leaders working in a highly affected COVID‐19 area in Italy. Through two group cohorts, 21 healthcare leaders completed the intervention, with 17 participants providing pre‐ and post‐intervention assessment data. Sixty‐two staff members who benefitted from their coordinators' resilience‐focused leadership were also included in the study. Findings show that participation in R2 was associated with reduction in levels of perceived stress and burnout symptoms, and increases in rugged qualities, self‐efficacy and in social‐ecological resilience. Significant changes in rugged qualities, self‐efficacy and perceived stress were also detected in staff members. High rates of participants' program satisfaction have been detected. R2 is a promising intervention for healthcare professionals working in emergency settings designed to enhance the rugged qualities and resources required to deal with heightened exposure to stress.