bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Підвищення ефективності автомобільної газонаповнювальної компресорної станції шляхом застосування газогідратного акумулятора
Authors: Босий М.В. , Клименко В.В. , Магопець С.О. , Гарасьова Н.Ю. , Овчаренко А.О. 
Published: April 2021

У статті розглядається проблема підвищення ефективності роботи автомобільної газонаповню­вальної компресорної станції (АГНКС) в умовах наявності пікових навантажень внаслідок нерівномірного надходження на заправку автомобільного транспорту на протязі доби. Для підвищення ефективності використання обладнання АГНКС в умовах нерівномірної добової заправки автомобільного транспорту стиснутим природним газом (СПГ-CNG) запропоновано застосовувати газогідратний акумулятор (ГА). В ГА реалізуються процеси утворення газогідратів природного газу при низькому тиску, їх накопичення і зберігання та наступне плавлення з виділенням стиснутого природного газу при тиску 25 МПа, достатньому для повної заправки автомобільного транспорту. Процес утворення газогідрату відбувається з виділенням теплоти, а його розкладання з поглинанням теплоти. Відводити теплоту процесу гідратоутворення пропонується пропановою холодильною машиною (ХМ). Однак при температурі довкілля ≤ 1 °С процес утворення газогідратів в ГА можна здійснювати при тиску ≤ 1,2МПа без застосовування ХМ. При температурах ≤ 0 °С замість води в ГА необхідно застосовувати водні розчини, наприклад, етанолу чи метанолу. У статті надано схемно-технологічне рішення та описано принцип дії АГНКС з ГА, показано на діаграмі тиск-температура основні термодинамічні процеси, що в ній здійснюються. Запропоновано методику визначення питомих енерговитрат (lпит) і ексергетичного ККД (ηex) ГА та на конкретному прикладі показано, що lпит газогідратного стиснення газу менші на 15% порівняно з компресорним стисненням, а ηex більший на 12%. Застосування ГА, як альтернативного доповнення до компресорного стиснення природного газу в пікові періоди заправки автомобілів, дозволить підвищити ефективність використання обладнання АГНКС і зменшити енерговитрати на заправку автомобільного транспорту стисненим природним газом
Advance Care Planning in Older Adults with CKD: Patient, Care Partner, and Clinician Perspectives
Authors: Ladin Keren , Neckermann Isabel , D’Arcangelo Noah , Koch-Weser Susan , Wong John B. , Gordon Elisa J. , Rossi Ana , Rifkin Dena , Isakova Tamara , Weiner Daniel E. 
Published: April 2021

Significance Statement
Older patients with advanced CKD are at high risk for serious complications and death. Although advance care planning (ACP) is critical to patient-centered care, why such patients seldom discuss ACP with their kidney clinicians is incompletely understood. Data from interviews with 68 patients, care partners, and clinicians in the United States demonstrate they held discordant views about who is responsible for raising ACP and the scope of ACP. Many nephrologists did not view ACP as their responsibility, leaving ACP insufficiently discussed in nephrology clinics, shifting responsibility to patients and primary care providers, and often leading patients to address ACP concerns outside of the medical sphere, if at all. Training nephrologists and clarifying their role in ACP are critical to increasing equitable access to ACP for older patients with CKD.

Background
Older patients with advanced CKD are at high risk for serious complications and death, yet few discuss advance care planning (ACP) with their kidney clinicians. Examining barriers and facilitators to ACP among such patients might help identify patient-centered opportunities for improvement.

Methods
In semistructured interviews in March through August 2019 with purposively sampled patients (aged ≥70 years, CKD stages 4–5, nondialysis), care partners, and clinicians at clinics in across the United States, participants described discussions, factors contributing to ACP completion or avoidance, and perceived value of ACP. We used thematic analysis to analyze data.

Results
We conducted 68 semistructured interviews with 23 patients, 19 care partners, and 26 clinicians. Only seven of 26 (27%) clinicians routinely discussed ACP. About half of the patients had documented ACP, mostly outside the health care system. We found divergent ACP definitions and perspectives; kidney clinicians largely defined ACP as completion of formal documentation, whereas patients viewed it more holistically, wanting discussions about goals, prognosis, and disease trajectory. Clinicians avoided ACP with patients from minority groups, perceiving cultural or religious barriers. Four themes and subthemes informing variation in decisions to discuss ACP and approaches emerged: (1) role ambiguity and responsibility for ACP, (2) questioning the value of ACP, (3) confronting institutional barriers (time, training, reimbursement, and the electronic medical record, EMR), and (4) consequences of avoiding ACP (disparities in ACP access and overconfidence that patients’ wishes are known).

Conclusions
Patients, care partners, and clinicians hold discordant views about the responsibility for discussing ACP and the scope for it. This presents critical barriers to the process, leaving ACP insufficiently discussed with older adults with advanced CKD.
Raising awareness globally for women with inherited bleeding disorders: World Federation of Hemophilia Symposium
Authors: Durante Luisa , Sedmina Martin , Vaskova Alexandra , Ziemele Baiba , Tollwé Anna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Figures in the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) global annual survey indicate, by their absence, that there is under-recognition of bleeding disorders in women. The WFH and its national member organisations (NMOs) are working to raise awareness and improve the diagnosis of care of women with bleeding disorders globally, regionally and locally. WFH initiatives include a global programme focused on improving the diagnosis, care and treatment of women with von Willebrand disease (VWD), and programmes involving education and training in conjunction with NMOs in countries including Honduras and Malaysia. NMOs in Slovakia, Latvia and Sweden describe their local activities. The Slovak Hemophilia Society is in the process of establishing a Women’s Committee and considers peer support and network building as essential tools in addressing the issues faced by women with bleeding disorders. In Latvia, access to resources is difficult and von Willebrand factor is not available. There is concern in the Latvia Hemophilia Society that the fundamental human right of access to healthcare is not being met. It supports WFH initiatives through education and advocacy, and believes that the voices of women with bleeding disorders will be better heard through working together. The Swedish Hemophilia Society’s Women’s Project has worked since 2006 to promote better care for women with bleeding disorders and to raise public awareness. Despite resistance, their campaign to increase the identification of girls and women with VWD, improve diagnosis and care, and raise awareness has been well received by healthcare professionals and has had extensive media coverage.
Patellar Fracture After ACL Reconstruction: Open Reduction and Internal Fixation with a Maxillofacial Plate
Authors: Holy Filip , Licano Jorge , Treme Gehron 
Published: April 2021

Case:
Patellar fractures after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with a bone-patellar-tendon-bone (BPTB) autograft are a rare complication with a reported incidence of 0.2% to 2.3%. Treatment has previously been nonoperative splinting, lag screws, or a tension-band construct. We present the case of a 14-year-old adolescent girl who suffered a comminuted patella fracture 4 weeks after an ACL reconstruction using a BPTB autograft who subsequently underwent successful operative fixation through a novel technique with the use of a maxillofacial plate and screw system.

Conclusion:
A maxillofacial plate and screw system is an effective and reliable treatment option for patellar fractures sustained after ACL reconstruction with a BPTB autograft.
Unusual Pattern of Traumatic Anterolisthesis at Multiple Levels (L3,4,5 Over S1) Because of Pedicle Avulsion
Authors: Gupta Ayush , Goel Akash , Bhatia Nishant , Mehndiratta Anurag 
Published: April 2021

Case:
Multilevel lumbar spondylolistheses have been reported, but only secondary to degenerative processes. We describe a case where grade 4 anterolisthesis occurred (L3,4,5 over S1) because of multiple level traumatic pedicle avulsion rather than facetal/pars interarticularis/posterior ligamentous complex disruption in a 42-year-old man who presented with paraparesis after a fall from height. Decompression was performed at the L5 level, and pedicle screw fixation was performed at L3, L5, and S1 levels.

Conclusion:
Although such an injury pattern seems catastrophic, it is deemed relatively stable because of the intact posterior ligamentous complex. Restoration of anatomy with stabilization allowed early mobility and satisfactory neurological recovery.
Surgical Treatment of Pathological Tibial Shaft Fracture in Adult Patient With Gnathodiaphyseal Dysplasia
Authors: Takeda Ryutaro , Yasui Tetsuro , Kasai Taro , Matsumoto Takumi , Matsubara Takehiro , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: April 2021

Case:
Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia is a generalized skeletal syndrome characterized by frequent bone fractures in childhood, sclerosis and bowing of tubular bones, and cemento-osseous lesions of the jawbones. We present the case of a 53-year-old man with gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia who presented with pathological fracture of the tibial shaft. Internal fixation with the Ender nail was successfully performed with 2 years of follow-up.

Conclusion:
This is the first report describing the treatment of fracture in an adult patient with gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia. Internal fixation with the Ender nail was effective for the tubular bone with deformity. Callus formation was observed without delay.
Generating Missing Oilfield Data Using A Generative Adversarial Imputation Network GAIN
Authors: Andrews Justin , Gorell Sheldon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Missing values and incomplete observations can exist in just about ever type of recorded data.
With analytical modeling, and machine learning in particular, the quantity and quality of available data is paramount to acquiring reliable results. Within the oil industry alone, priorities in which data is important can vary from company to company, leading to available knowledge of a single field to vary from place to place. With machine learning requiring very complete sets of data, this issue can require whole portions of data to be discarded in order to create an appropriate dataset.
Value imputation has emerged as a valuable solution in cleaning up datasets, and as current technology has advanced new generative machine learning methods have been used to generate images and data that is all but indistinguishable from reality. Using an adaptation of the standard Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) approach known as a Generative Adversarial Imputation Network (GAIN), this paper evaluates this method and other imputation methods for filling in missing values. Using a gathered fully observed set of data, smaller datasets with randomly masked missing values were generated to validate the effectiveness of the various imputation methods; allowing comparisons to be made against the original dataset. The study found that with various sizes of missing data percentages withing the sets, the "filled in" data could be used with surprising accuracy for further analytics.
This paper compares GAIN along with several commonly used imputation methods against more standard practices such as data cropping or filling in with average values for filling in missing data. GAIN, as well as the various imputation methods described are quantified for there ability to fill in data. The study will discuss how the GAIN model can quickly provide the data necessary for analytical studies and prediction of results for future projects.
Carbon Dots Stabilized Foam for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Sakthivel Sivabalan , Kanj Mazen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Foams are the divergent fluids that are employed in the upstream oil and gas industry to reduce fluid channeling and fingering in the high permeability region. Foams are usually generated in the high permeability reservoirs (e.g. glass beads) by the alternative injection of surfactant and gas. Conventional foaming systems exhibit stability issues at the high temperature and high salinity reservoir conditions. In this investigation, we study the stability and efficiency (in terms of both enhanced inflow performance and added oil recovery) of foams formed using surfactant solution with and without carbon Nanodots (CND). The study involved using different brine salinities, CND concentrations, temperature and pressure conditions, and types of surfactants. A multifaceted interrelationship of the various influencing mechanisms is demonstrated. Foams are examined using foam analyzer, HP/HT coreflood and microfluidic setup. In trace amounts (5-10 ppm), CND contributed to 60-70% improvement in foam stability in high salinity brine. The improvement is attributed by the reduction of the drainage rate of the lamellae and a delay of the bubble rupturing point. Both microfluidic and core-flood experiments showed noticeable improvement in mobility control with the addition of the CND. This is contributed to an improved foamability, morphology, strength, and stability of the foam.
Will Carbon Dioxide Injection in Shale Reservoirs Produce from the Shale Matrix, Natural Fractures, or Hydraulic Fractures?
Authors: Fakher Sherif , Elgahawy Youssef , Abdelaal Hesham , Imqam Abdulmohsin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in shale reservoirs has been recently shown to increase oil recovery significantly from this unconventional oil and gas source. One of the most studied EOR methods in shale reservoirs is gas injection, with a focus on carbon Dioxide (CO2) mainly due to the ability to both enhance oil recovery and store the CO2 in the formation. Even though several shale plays have reported an increase in oil recovery using CO2 injection, in some cases this method failed severely. This research attempts to investigate the ability of the CO2 to mobilize crude oil from the three most prominent features in the shale reservoirs, including shale matrix, natural fractures, and hydraulically induced fracture. Shale cores with dimensions of 1 inch in diameter and approximately 1.5 inch in length were used in all experiments. The impact of CO2 soaking time and soaking pressure on the oil recovery were studied. The cores were analyzed to understand how and where the CO2 flowed inside the cores and which prominent feature resulted in the increase in oil recovery. Also, a pre-fractured core was used to run an experiment in order to understand the oil recovery potential from fractured reservoirs. Results showed that oil recovery occurred from the shale matrix, stimulation of natural fractures by the CO2, and from the hydraulic fractures with a large volume coming from the stimulated natural fractures. By understanding where the CO2 will most likely be most productive, proper design of the CO2 EOR in shale can be done in order to maximize recovery and avoid complications during injection and production which may lead to severe operational problems.
Unconventional Optimized Development Strategy Workflow
Authors: Morsy Samiha , Menconi Mauro , Liang Baosheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A comprehensive workflow was developed to support short and long-term unconventional Midland and Delaware Basin development strategy. The workflow is applied to every new pad to ensure child wells are targeting more of the virgin rock. The developed workflow considers pressure and stress changes around parent wells, landing strategy, completion optimization, frac order design, etc. A 3-D reservoir model was developed to estimate the depletion and the induced stress changes around the parent wells. Hydraulic fracture modeling is coupled with the flow simulation model to assess child wells fracture propagation under different scenarios. Different landing strategies were investigated to reduce depletion effects on Child wells. Child wells fracture and proppant fluid intensity was optimized to provide the optimum fracture interference. Certain technologies were successfully utilized to change the pressure and stress around the existing wells to properly alter child well fracture propagation towards virgin rock. Frac order was adjusted accordingly to benefit from the induced changes in reservoir pressure and stress around parent wells. The workflow was applied to areas in the Wolfcamp formation within the Midland and Delaware Basins. Results show the effectiveness of the developed workflow to maintain Basin development performance.
Tailor-Made Workflow to Understand and Forecast H2S Production Risks in Thermal Projects
Authors: Ayache Simon Victor , Gasser-Dorado Julien , Michel Pauline , Preux Christophe , Lamoureux-Var Violaine 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In-situ extraction of heavy sulfured oil based on steam injection comes with a high level of risk in terms of H2S production, resulting from aquathermolysis reactions. This could lead to on-site living being casualties, environment damage, surface facilities and wells corrosion. Also, there is a strong need to understand aquathermolysis reactions and to forecast acid gases generation in such context. For that aim a tailor-made workflow was developed to estimate H2S concentration at the well-head.
To meet these challenges, a 3-steps approach combining laboratory studies and numerical predictions has been developed. It firstly consists in a fast preliminary assessment of the highest H2S risk areas, based on the measurements of sulfur characteristics of reservoir core samples using our Rock-Eval Sulfur set-up. Then aquathermolysis experiments from the previously selected core samples are conducted in order to calibrate the compositional chemical model of the reservoir simulator. The latter is eventually used to carry out thermal compositional reactive simulations at field scale. The reservoir simulator allows simulations of SAGD processes and handles H2S distribution over oil/water/gas phases and its migration in these phases.
Simulation results show that acid gases are generated within the steam chamber, before they accumulate at the chamber edges where they dissolve in the water and oil phases. This contributes to reduce viscosity, allowing the oil to flow along the steam chamber edges before it has reached the steam temperature. Therefore the H2S produced at surface is mainly carried towards the wells by water and to a lesser extent oil. This flowing oil has not reacted with the steam: its composition is close to the initial reservoir oil but enriched with dissolved gases. The steam chamber shape, the temperature distribution and the H2S produced at surface are strongly modified when heterogeneities are introduced in the reservoir model. Synthetic cases allow a deeper understanding of the effects of heterogeneities. Vertical permeability is thus found to be a key factor of H2S production variations. When steam reaches a lower permeability lithology, a delayed rise in H2S production at wellhead is observed as aquathermolysis reactions rates increase. Finally Foam Assisted-SAGD has been considered. While the foam improves the Steam-Oil ratio, no clear improvement was observed regarding the H2S production.
Prediction of Equivalent Liquid Permeability from Gas Permeability Measurements: A Recurrent Neural Network Approach
Authors: Alkinani Husam , Al-Hameedi Abo Taleb , Dunn-Norman Shari 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
One of the most vital reservoir properties is permeability. It is usually measured using core samples with two major measurement methods; using gas or using liquid. The purpose of this work is to use a data-driven recurrent neural network model to estimate the equivalent liquid permeability based on gas permeability. By using this model, the equivalent liquid permeability can be predicted for the permeability of core samples with rich clay minerals measured using gas (or any core sample that is measured using gas). This will give an alternative way to the currently used method (Klinkenberg method). Core sample data measurements of more than 500 cores were obtained from limestone formations. The data went through a processing step to eliminate any measurement errors. Then, the data were clustered into training, validation, and testing. After many iterations, a decision was made to have a network with four hidden layer and twenty neurons in each hidden layer, and four delays in the input and the output. The findings showed that the network had stopped training after nine epochs with a validation mean squared error (MSE) of 5.3. The model exhibited excellent performance during training, validation, and testing with an overall R2 of 0.91 which is excellent. These findings prove that the model can closely track the actual equivalent liquid permeability measurements using the gas permeability measurements data within a reasonable margin of error. With the rise of machine learning and other artificial intelligence (AI) methods as well as the potential application in the petroleum industry, these methodologies can revolutionize the industry and save time and money.
Data Science Use Case for Brownfield Optimization - A Case Study
Authors: Lal Manish Kumar , Kim Tae Hyung , Singleton Darrin M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Data Science is the current gold rush. While many industries have benefitted from applications of data science, including machine learning and Artificial Intelligence (AI), the applications in upstream oil and gas are still somewhat limited. Some examples of applications of AI include seismic interpretations, facility optimization, and data driven modeling – forecasting. While still naïve, we will explore cases where data science can be used in the day to day field optimization and development.
The Midway Sunset (MWSS) field in San Joaquin Valley, California has over 100 years of history. The field was discovered in 19011 and had limited development through the 1960s. Since the start of thermal stimulation in 1964, the field has seen phased thermal flooding and cyclic stimulation. Recently there has been an increase in heat mining vertical and horizontal wells to tap the remaining hot oil. As with any brownfield, the sweet spots are long gone. Effort is now to optimize the field development and tap by-passed oil, thereby increasing recovery. The current operational focus includes field wide holistic review of remaining resource potential.
Resources in the MWSS reservoirs are produced by cyclic steam method. Cyclic thermal stimulation has been effective as an overall depletion process and for stimulating the near wellbore region to increase production. It is imperative to properly identify target wells and sands for cyclic stimulation. Cyclic steaming in depleted zones or cold reservoirs is often uneconomical. The benefit comes when we can identify and stimulate only the warm oil.
Identification of warm oil and short listing the wells for cyclic stimulation is a labor-intensive process. The volume of data can get so large that it may not be feasible for a professional to effectively do the analysis. In this paper, we present a case study of data analytics for high grading wells for cyclic stimulation. This method utilizes the machine power to integrate reservoir, and production data to identify and rank wells for cyclic stimulation and potentially increase success rate by minimizing suboptimal cyclic candidates.