bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dark Sector Physics at Belle II
Authors: MacQueen Caitlin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The first dark sector physics analyses for Belle II are currently underway. Belle II detects collisions at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e
+
e
− collider in Tsukuba, Japan and has already collected 6.5 fb−1 of data at the ϒ(4S) resonance (√s = 10.58 GeV). The collider has a design luminosity of 8 × 1035 cm−2 s−1 and the detector will collect 50 ab−1 of data in its lifetime, making it the most luminous experiment in the world. In addition to early performance studies on particle identification, tracking quality, energy resolution, and more, Belle II is preparing to release its first physics results. These include the first official time-integrated luminosity measurements, as well as searches for the dark photon, A′, in a monophoton signature, and the invisible Z' in both Lμ
– Lτ
and Lepton Flavour Violation models. Even with this early data set, it is clear that Belle II is and will continue to be competitive in various dark sector searches at the MeV-GeV scale.
Observation of Complex Time Structures in the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Fluxes by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the ISS
Authors: Vagelli V. , Graziani M. , Tomassetti N. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present high-statistics, precision measurements by AMS of the detailed time and energy dependence of the primary cosmic-ray electron and positron fluxes over 79 Bartels rotations from May 2011 to May 2017 in the energy range from 1 to 50 GeV. For the first time, the charge-sign dependent modulation during the solar maximum has been investigated in detail by leptons alone. We report the observation of short-term structures on the timescale of months which are not visible in the positron-to-electron flux ratio. The precision measurements across the solar polarity reversal show that the ratio exhibits a smooth transition over ˜ 800 days from one value to another.
Telescope Array search for EeV photons
Authors: Zhezher Y. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present the results of a search for point sources of photons with energies higher than 1 EeV based on the Telescope Array surface detector data for 9 years. No significant excess of photon signal over UHECR background was found. The photon-flux upper limits were set for each direction in the Telescope Array field of view as well as for stacked directions of dwarf spheroidal galaxies.
MC study for TALE Hybrid detector
Authors: Fujita K. , Fujiwara R. , Ogio S. , Tanoue Y. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Telescope Array Low-energy Extension (TALE) Experiment is a hybrid air shower detector for observation of air showers induced by very high energy cosmic rays above 1016 eV. The TALE detector consists of a Fluorescence Detector (FD) station with ten FD telescopes and a surface detector (SD) array made up of 80 scintillation detectors. The TALE-FD and the TALE-SD array have been operational since 2013 and 2017 respectively. A triggering system of the TALE-SD using external triggering signals from the TALE-FD that is of a lower energy threshold, so called the hybrid trigger system, has been working since 2018. We evaluated the performance of hybrid mode of the TALE detector by using Monte Carlo simulation. Here we show analysis method for air shower events observed by the TALE hybrid detector and report the accuracies of air shower parameters.
The Status of AMoRE Double Beta Decay experiment
Authors: Seo Kyungmin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
AMoRE (Advanced Mo-based Rare process Experiment) is searching for neutrinoless double beta decay of 100Mo. A pilot experiment, AMoRE-Pilot, was operated with six 48dep1Ca100MoO4 crystals of total mass ~1.9 kg in a cryostat at the Yangyang underground laboratory (Y2L) with the minimum overburden of 700 m. Since AMoRE-Pilot started in August 2015, two major improvements in its configuration took place to reduce its background level. The first one was replacement of detector components by materials with lower radioactivity level. The second one was the installation polyethylene blocks together with borated rubber sheets to reduce external neutron backgrounds. Using the AMoRE-Pilot data in different configurations, background modelling of the AMoRE-Pilot was performed.
WATCHMAN: A Remote Reactor Monitor and Advanced Instrumentation Testbed
Authors: Grant Christopher 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The remote detection of undeclared nuclear reactors, which could be used for production of material used to make nuclear weapons, is a key goal for global nuclear security. To address this challenge, WATCHMAN is beginning construction in Boulby Underground Laboratory, in the UK. WATCHMAN aims to demonstrate the ability to monitor nuclear reactors at distances of tens of kilometers or farther, called far-field monitoring. The first phase of the experiment will consist of a kiloton-scale gadolinium-doped water Cherenkov detector to detect anti-neutrinos coming from the Hartlepool Nuclear Power Station, located at a distance of 25 km from Boulby. The predicted dwell time required for determining that one reactor core is turning on-and-off in the presence of another reactor core is about 10 months. In addition to reactor monitoring, WATCHMAN will also act as an Advanced Instrumentation Testbed for next-generation neutrino detectors.
The measurement of gamma rays from neutron-oxygen interactions
Authors: Horai T. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Neutrino neutral-current elastic interaction by atmospheric neutrinos is one of the main background in Supernova relic neutrino (SRN) search at Super-Kamiokande with Gadolinium. Understanding of gamma-ray production via neutron interaction on oxygen is important for the study of neutrino neutral-current elastic interactions. A measurement of gamma-rays production from such reactions was performed by using a 30 MeV quasi-mono energetic neutron beam in the Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University. In this proceedings the current status and future prospects of this mesurement are presented.
A Bayesian Approach to Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Analysis in KamLAND-Zen
Authors: Li Aobo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Neutrinoless double beta decay (0vββ) is one of the major research interests in neutrino physics. The discovery of 0vββ would answer persistent puzzles in the standard model. KamLAND-Zen experiment is one of the leading efforts in the search for 0vββ. Since January 2019, data was collected using 745 kg of 136Xe and a frequentist likelihood analysis was used to set a limit on 0vββ half-life. In addition to the well-established frequentist approach, we conduct a Bayesian analysis with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The Bayesian approach allows us to use modern statistical tools and serves as a cross check of the frequentist analysis. Furthermore, we provide the possibility of adding machine learning event classification algorithm to increase sensitivity.
Updated geoneutrino measurement with Borexino
Authors: Ludhova Livia , Agostini M. , Altenmüller K. , Appel S. , Atroshchenko V. , Bagdasarian Z. , Basilico D. , Bellini G. , Benziger J. , Bick D. , Bonfini G. , Bravo D. , Caccianiga B. , Calaprice F. , Caminata A. , Cappelli L. , Cavalcante P. , Cavanna F. , Chepurnov A. , Choi K. , D’Angelo D. , Davini S. , Derbin A. , Di Giacinto A. , Di Marcello V. , Ding X.F. , Di Ludovico A. , Di Noto L. , Drachnev I. , Fiorentini G. , Formozov A. , Franco D. , Gabriele F. , Galbiati C. , Gschwender M. , Ghiano C. , Giammarchi M. , Goretti A. , Gromov M. , Guffanti D. , Hagner C. , Hungerford E. , Ianni Aldo , Ianni Andrea , Jany A. , Jeschke D. , Kumaran S. , Kobychev V. , Korga G. , Lachenmaier T. , Lasserre T. , Laubenstein M. , Litvinovich E. , Lombardi P. , Lomskaya I. , Ludhova L. , Lukyanchenko G. , Lukyanchenko L. , Machulin I. , Mantovani F. , Manuzio G. , Marcocci S. , Maricic J. , Martyn J. , Meroni E. , Meyer M. , Miramonti L. , Misiaszek M. , Montuschi M. , Muratova V. , Neumair B. , Nieslony M. , Oberauer L. , Onillon A. , Orekhov V. , Ortica F. , Pallavicini M. , Papp L. , Penek Ö. , Pietrofaccia L. , Pilipenko N. , Pocar A. , Raikov G. , Ranalli M.T. , Ranucci G. , Razeto A. , Re A. , Redchuk M. , Ricci B. , Romani A. , Rossi N. , Rottenanger S. , Schöinert S. , Semenov D. , Skorokhvatov M. , Smirnov O. , Sotnikov A. , Strati V. , Suvorov Y. , Tartaglia R. , Testera G. , Thurn J. , Unzhakov E. , Vishneva A. , Vivier M. , Vogelaar R.B. , von Feilitzsch F. , Wojcik M. , Wurm M. , Zaimidoroga O. , Zavatarelli S. , Zuber K. , Zuzel G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Borexino is a 280-ton liquid scintillator detector located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), Italy and is one of the two detectors that has measured geoneutrinos so far. The unprecedented radio-purity of the scintillator, the shielding with highly purified water, and the placement of the detector at a 3800 m w.e. depth have resulted in very low background levels and has made Borexino an excellent apparatus for geoneutrino measurements. The new update of the Borexino geoneutrino measurement, using the data obtained from December 2007 to April 2019, has been presented. Enhanced analysis techniques, adopted in this measurement, have been also presented (poster presentation #39 by S. Kumaran). The updated statistics and the new elaborate analysis have led to more than a factor two increase in exposure ((1.12 ± 0.05) × 1032 protons × yr) when compared to the latest Borexino result from 2015. The resulting geoneutrino signal of

47.0

−
7.7

+
8.4

(
stat
)

−
1.9

+
2.4

(
sys
)

TNU has

−
17.2

+
18.3

%

total precision. The geological interpretations of this measurement have been discussed. In particular, the 99% C.L. observation of the mantle signal by exploiting the relatively well-known lithospheric contribution, the estimation of the radiogenic heat, as well as the comparison of these results to the predictions based on different geological models. The upper limits on the power of a hypothetical georeactor that might be present at different locations inside the Earth have been set.
Fast Sampling and Read-Out for Ground-Based Imaging Cherenkov Telescopes
Authors: Bitossi M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The SCT telescope has been proposed as a medium-sized telescope for the Cherenkov Telescope Array. One of the major upgrades is the design of the new Front End Electronics Module (FEEM). New FEEMs aim to read-out and digitize the SiPM pre-amplified signals down to the single photoelectron (phe). This phe signal is assumed equivalent to a signal with 2 mV peak amplitude and 500 MHz maximum bandwidth. FEEM should have a linear response up to 2 V for a required dynamic range of 1000 phe. FEEM noise equivalent of 0.5 phe - 1 mV of RMS noise - is an acceptable value. Due to the severe mechanical constraints, and to have a very compact electronics and low noise performance, FEEM consists of two stacked-up submodules, one dedicated to the power supplies and the other to house the FPGA, which reads out and sends digitized data to the main backplane. An FEEM is capable of digitizing 64 analog channels with a sampling frequency of 1 GSamples/s.
Development of low background PMT R13111
Authors: Abe K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are one of the largest background sources for many direct dark matter search experiments. The development of a new low background PMT, Hamamatsu R13111, for liquid xenon dark matter experiments is ongoing. With its 3-inch-wide convex protruding photocathode, the R13111 achieved a large reduction in radioactive impurity compared to its precursor, the R10789, which was used in the XMASS-I detector. Xenon leaks, a problem reported by the XENON1T and PandaX experiments, are also investigated to realize stable operation with liquid xenon.
A measurement of the scintillation decay time constant in liquid xenon with the XMASS-I detector
Authors: Ichimura K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The scintillation decay time constant in liquid xenon was measured using the XMASS-I detector and its calibration setup. The scintillation decay time constants of both electron recoil and nuclear recoil were evaluated by comparing the observed photon detection times with Monte Carlo simulations. Two exponential components, corresponding to the singlet and triplet state of the xenon excited dimer, are needed to reproduce the observed photon detection times. In this paper, we report the measurement of the electron recoil and the nuclear recoil scintillation decay time constants with the XMASS-I detector.
Delayed coincidence with a day-scale window for tagging 232Th series isotopes in KamLAND
Authors: Hachiya Takahiko 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Decays of 232Th series isotopes such as 212Bi212Po and 208Tl form background events for underground physics experiments. In this study, we performed new delayed coincidence with a day-scale window using data of KamLAND, a 1 kton liquid scintillator detector. We firstly searched for a coincidence of 220Rn–216Po (T1/2 = 0.15 s), prompt coincidence (PC), and then searched for events of 212Bi212Po or 208Tl decays within 2 day from PC. It yields ~80% tagging efficiency with modest, ~10%, deadtime despite the requirement of long time correlation thanks to low accidental coincidence rate of PC. This method will be newly introduced to analyses of solar neutrino measurement at 3 MeV region with KamLAND and neutrinoless double-beta decay search with KamLAND-Zen to reduce the backgrounds.
Optimized Development of Web Front-end Development Technology
Authors: Xiaoshu Wang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the widespread use of the Internet in modern social life, the existing Web technology still has a large room for optimization and development in terms of loading time, response speed, and user Internet experience. Therefore, Internet technicians need to fully understand and master various Web front-end development technologies. Besides, through the technical optimization we can reduce the HTTP errors and requests. Moreover, in order to improve the user’s Internet experience we are supposed to control the file size, reduce the invalid responses and DNS queries reasonably.
Focal Gradient Harmonized Loss Function for Object Detection
Authors: Sun Muye , Huang Hongbo , Hu Zhiying , Ran Qinglin , Liu Yahui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mainstream detectors in the field of object detection usually can be divided into one-stage and two-stage detectors. Compared to the two-stage detectors, one-stage detectors are more efficient and elegant, but are more easily disturbed by imbalanced data during the training. Inspired by the gradient harmonized single-stage detector (GHM detector)[1], we propose a focal gradient harmonizing loss function for classification (FGHM-C). FGHM-C loss function optimizes the method of generating example weights during training, thereby alleviating the impact of long-tailed distribution. Our proposed model achieves 42.0 mAP on COCO test-dev set, which is 0.4 points higher than the original GHM detector.
Research and application of appearance inspection system for spacecraft low frequency electrical connector based on machine vision
Authors: Guo Mingyu , Huang Lei , Yao Lei , Xu Zhen , Fu Guanghui , Feng Tao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the inspection of the appearance quality of the electrical connector in the acceptance process of the low frequency cable, the machine vision recognition technology is studied to realize the appearance quality inspection of the electrical connector on the existing low frequency cable, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of appearance inspection of low-frequency cable connectors, various kinds of defects such as slanting, missing and shrinking wires can be identified automatically.
Research on motor modular drive control technology based on FPGA
Authors: Luo Haifeng , Yuan Jiajin , Weng Shentian , Zhao Jiling , Zhang Tao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
brushless DC motor is widely used in aviation, aerospace and other fields because of its fast response speed and high operation efficiency. The motor drive module based on FPGA has the advantages of small size and high reliability. In order to carry out the motor modular drive control technology based on FPGA, the electrical drive module and control module are designed, and the correctness of the design is verified by the test, which lays the foundation for the follow-up project implementation.
Analysis of hydrogen isotopes in construction materials by means of electron spectroscopy
Authors: Afanas’ev V P , Bodisko Yu N , Kaplya P S , Lobanova L G , Yu O , Strukov A N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The possibility of measuring hydrogen depth profiles by means of electron spectroscopy is demonstrated. In the near-surface layer with a thickness corresponding to the inelastic mean free path (IMFP) the elastic peak electron spectroscopy (EPES) is employed for this purpose. For measuring hydrogen isotope depth profiles deeper in the solid at depths corresponding to the transport mean free path (which is by several orders of magnitude larger than the IMFP) the so-called spectroscopy of reflected electrons (SRE) is used. In this work, the SRE technique is employed for the investigation of a pure beryllium sample and a beryllium sample implanted with deuterium atoms.
Study of the effect of argon pressure on the temperature of a hot target
Authors: Kozin A A , Shapovalov V I , Ahmedov H , Demir A , Korutlu B , Shabalin A E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, thermal processes in direct current operating magnetron with hot titanium target are studied in Argon medium. Thermal processes are described by stationary, three-dimensional, heat equation with surface heat source which is the flux of argon ions from the gas discharge. The problem was solved numerically via the Heat Transfer Module in COMSOL Multiphysics Software.
Change in ion sputtering coefficients of targets due to cross-dusting during simultaneous operation of two sputters
Authors: Volpian O D , Kuzmichev A I , Obod Yu A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The influence of cross-dusting of silicon and metal targets simultaneously sputtered by argon ions on partial sputtering coefficients of targets materials components is studied to take this effect into account in the technology of gradient optical coating deposition. The effect has been numerically simulated as series of cascades of binary collisions of bombarding ions and recoil atoms with target atoms. Addition of metal atoms (Ti, V, Zr, Hf, Nb and Ta) to the Si target enhances the partial sputtering of Si atoms but addition of Si atoms to the metal targets decreases the partial sputtering of metals atoms. Also the coefficients of reflection (back scattering) of the bombarding argon ions from the targets with different additives have been calculated. It is possible that enhanced sputtering of Si atoms from the coatings with a “heavy” component by reflected neutralized ions would lead to dusting the “heavy” target by silicon.
Research on Detection Technology of Joint Sealing of Large Diameter PVC Water Supply Pipe
Authors: Meng Fanzhao , Yang Ruiqing , Yang Yonghai , Wei Daifeng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the increasing application of PVC water supply pipe in production and life, this paper aims at the problem that there is no single sealing ring connected large diameter PVC pipe interface sealing detection equipment in the construction site of agricultural water supply. According to the sealing test method of negative pressure test, a set of large diameter PVC pipe interface sealing test device is designed, and the corresponding test procedures and standards are put forward. The field sealing test of large diameter PVC pipe interface is carried out, and the portable aviation aluminum box with universal wheel is designed and customized. The device has the advantages of simple structure, easy installation and disassembly, easy carrying, and is suitable for field operation. It provides important equipment support for the better promotion and use of large PVC pipes.
Multi-axis NC machining of integral impeller parts based on NX
Authors: Shan Wenju , Guo Liyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Integral impeller is widely used in all kinds of turbine machinery and aeroengine. With the improvement of engine performance, the shape of the impeller becomes more and more complex. It has the characteristics of small blade spacing, large distortion and thin blade, etc. The Integral impeller is more difficult to process. This paper analyzes the NC machining technology of the Integral impeller and discusses the parameter setting of the multi-axis NC machining.
Research on the Coordination and Matching of Cylinder Head Gasket Strength and Sealing Performance
Authors: Wang Long , Zuo Zhengxing , Cheng Ying , Zhu Xinran 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the cylinder head gasket of a certain type of diesel engine is taken as the research object. Under the condition of changing the mechanical load parameters, the changing trend of the strength and sealing performance of the cylinder head gasket is analyzed, and then its reliability and durability are evaluated. Through the analysis, we can see that the changing trend of the strength and sealing performance of the cylinder head gasket is the opposite. Therefore, in this paper, the fatigue life and sealing performance of the cylinder head gasket are regarded as factors with equal weight, and the total coordination coefficient is introduced to measure the change of the strength and sealing performance of the cylinder head gasket after changing the explosion pressure and bolt preload, the best loading scheme is selected.
A New Approach for Testing Engagement Characteristics of Clutch
Authors: Zou Xinyu , Wang Yang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new method for testing the dynamic engagement characteristics of clutch is proposed. This approach is that the dynamic characteristics of clutch is simulated by finite element method. For the fluid friction characteristics, the average Reynolds equation proposed by Patir and Cheng is improved, and dimensionless parameters are adopted, which is applied to calculate the viscous torque. For the boundary friction characteristics, a surface elastic contact model is established to calculate rough contact torque. For the mixed friction characteristics, total torque consists of viscus torque and rough contact torque. The simulation and bench test are completed to verify the validity of model proposed. The model proposed can be used to guide the design of clutch in early stages of product development.
Construction Technique for TBM to Cross Unfavorable Geological Sections
Authors: Quan Yongwei , Pan Xuyong , Li Xiulin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The diversion tunnel of VI Section, XE Project in Xinjiang Autonomous Region was constructed with an open-type tunnel boring machine (TBM). Concerning the unfavorable geological sections encountered during TBM tunneling in the project construction, the author has summarized the engineering countermeasures used to improve the efficiency and construction safety of TBM tunneling.