bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-Dependent Differences in the Prognostic Relevance of Body Composition-Related Variables in Type a Aortic Dissection Patients
Authors: Luo Zeng-Rong , Chen Xiao-Dong , Chen Liang-wan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The current research is allocated to appraise the association between the parameters of body composition and findings in type A aortic dissection (TAAD) cases in diverse age groups. Methods: Data from consecutive TAAD patients undergoing implantation of modified triple-branched stent-graft from January 2017 and December 2019 were prospectively collected and analyzed. A regression model of Cox proportional hazard was employed to assess correlations among body composition-related variables (body mass index [BMI], lean body mass [LBM], body surface area [BSA], and LBM index) as well as cumulative mortality. Results: Overall, 258 patients (53.9±11.1 years old; 72.9% male) were separated into young (n=110) and elderly (n=148) age groups based upon whether they were younger or older than 50 years of age. Of these patients, 247 survivors were included in subsequent analyses over an average 26.8 ± 11.6 month follow-up duration. Multivariate analyses in the elderly group instead of young group indicated that increased BMI (p=0.042), BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m2 (p=0.025), and lower LBM index values (p=0.019) were significant predictors of increased total all-cause cumulative mortality. BMI was considerably positively correlated with estimated all-cause cumulative mortality in elderly but not young TAAD cases. Conclusion: Briefly, these results suggest that BMI and LBM indices are only significant predictors of TAAD patient all-cause mortality in elderly patient cohorts, whereas they do not offer significant prognostic value for younger patients. As such, these age differences must be taken into consideration when conducting stratified risk assessments based upon TAAD patient body composition characteristics.
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy is Associated with Reduction in Liver Fibrosis Scores in Patients with HIV and HBV Co-Infection
Authors: Yang Rongrong , Gui Xien , Ke Hengning , Xiong Yong , Gao Shicheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the risk factors for liver fibrosis in HIV/HBV co-infection population, and further to clarify whether ART reverses fibrogenic effect of HIV infection. Methods This was an observational retrospective study. Multivariate Cox regression was used to assess predictors of liver fibrosis in HIV/HBV co-infection patients. FIB-4 scores before and after cART were compared using Wilcoxon test for paired samples. Results In this study enrolled 458 cases of HIV/HBV co-infection patients, we found ART (HR 0.016, 95% CI: 0.009-0.136; P<0.001) were one of protection factors to against liver fibrosis. Forty cases of those who had normal levels of ALT, AST and PLT during the whole course of diseases were stratified into FIB-4<1.45 (n=14), 1.45≤FIB-4 ≤3.25 (n=19) and FIB-4>3.25 (n=7) groups by their FIB-4 scores before ART. After ART, in 1.45≤FIB-4≤3.25 group, FIB-4 grade in 57.9%(11/19) of the patients dropped to a lower FIB-4 grade (FIB-4<1.45); in FIB-4>3.25 group, 85.7%(6/79) of the patients dropped to 1.45≤FIB-4≤3.25 grade, while 14.3%(1/7) dropped to FIB-4<1.45 grade. In ART-naive group, 1 year, 2-5 years and 5-10 years after ART groups, FIB-4 scores were 4.29±0.43, 3.63±0.38, 2.90±0.36 and 2.52±0.38, respectively (P=0.034); and the incidence of liver fibrosis were 7.38%(104/141), 63.6%(98/154), 60.8%(62/102) and 47.5%(29/61), respectively (P=0.004). Conclusion ART was associated with improvement of FIB-4 scores and the benefit of ART in reversing liver fibrosis can sustain for a decade in patients with HIV/HBV co-infection.
Research on the Critical Technique of Synchronous Rotation Construction With Large Angle for T-shape Curve Rigid Frame Bridge
Authors: Shao Junhu , Duan Mengjun , Yang Wei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The superstructure rotation method (SRM) can optimize bridge construction in terms of reducing impacts on traffic, safety, and overall budget. This paper focuses on the key scientific problems of synchronous rotation construction with large angles and takes two T-shaped rigid frame bridges of the Wuyi Expressway over the Chengdu-Kunming Railway as the engineering background. Construction technologies of this project are introduced, including the installation process of spherical hinges, the design of the traction system, and the precision control method. Finite element models of the full-bridge were established to obtain the lateral unbalanced moment of the structure and the test method of the longitudinal unbalanced moment is shown in detail. Furthermore, the key parameters of SRM are analyzed and calculated, including the derivation and modification of the existing static friction coefficient calculation formula of the spherical hinge. Based on the measured data, the accuracy of different friction coefficient prediction formulas is evaluated.
Precision Dosimetry in Yttrium-90 Radioembolization through CT Imaging of Radiopaque Microspheres in a Rabbit Liver Model
Authors: Henry E Courtney , Strugari Matthew , Mawko George , Brewer Kimberly , Liu David , Gordon Andrew C. , Bryan Jeffrey N. , Maitz Charles , Abraham Robert , Kappadath S Cheenu , Syme Alasdair 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To perform precision dosimetry in yttrium-90 radioembolization through CT imaging of radiopaque microspheres in a rabbit liver model, and to compare extracted dose metrics to those produced from conventional PET-based dosimetry.
Materials and Methods
A CT calibration phantom was designed to contain posts having nominal microsphere concentrations of 0.5 mg/mL, 5.0 mg/mL, and 25.0 mg/mL. The mean Hounsfield unit was extracted from the post volumes to generate a calibration curve to relate Hounsfield units to microsphere concentration. A nominal bolus of 40 mg of microspheres was administered to the livers of 8 rabbits followed by PET/CT imaging. A CT-based activity distribution was calculated through the application of the calibration curve to the CT liver volume. Post-treatment dosimetry was performed through the convolution of yttrium-90 dose-voxel kernels and the PET- and CT-based cumulated activity distributions. The mean dose to the liver in PET- and CT-based dose distributions was compared through linear regression, ANOVA, and Bland-Altman analysis.
Results
A linear least-squares fit to the average Hounsfield unit and microsphere concentration data in the calibration phantom confirmed a strong correlation (r2 > 0.999) with a slope of 14.13 HU/mg/mL. A poor correlation was found between the mean dose derived from CT and PET (r2 = 0.374) while the ANOVA analysis revealed statistically significant differences (p < 10–12) between the MIRD-derived mean dose and the PET- and CT-derived mean dose. Bland-Altman analysis predicted an offset of 15.0 Gy between the mean dose in CT and PET. The dose within the liver was shown to be more heterogeneous in CT than in PET with an average coefficient of variation equal to 1.99 and 1.02, respectively.
Conclusion
The benefits of a CT-based approach to post-treatment dosimetry in yttrium-90 radioembolization include improved visualization of the dose distribution, reduced partial volume effects, a better representation of dose heterogeneity, and the mitigation of respiratory motion effects. Post-treatment CT imaging of radiopaque microspheres in yttrium-90 radioembolization provides the means to perform precision dosimetry and extract accurate dose metrics used to refine the understanding of the dose-response relationship, which can permit an individualized approach to treatment planning that translates into improved patient outcomes.
Clinical Outcomes and Live Birth Rate (LBR) of Micro-TESE With ICSI-IVF in 968 Non-obstructive Azoospermia Patients From One Reproductive Medicine Center: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lan Yu , Zheng Haiyan , Fu Xin , Peng Tianwen , Liao Chen , Liu Jianan , Liu Min , An Geng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Most of data available in the literature reported the sperm retrieval rate (SRR) and ICSI results of microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients with different etiologies. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of comprehensive Intent-to-treat (ITT) data to guide clinicians in conducting comprehensive consultations with NOA patients. The aim of current study was to obtain more comprehensive evidence-based data and clinical outcomes for better consultation of NOA patients who opted to undergo micro-TESE combined with ICSI-IVF.Materials and methods: A retrospective study involved 968 NOA patients underwent micro-TESE during the period between January 2015 and December 2019. Those who had successful sperm retrieval and performed ICSI-IVF cycles were included in intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis. The primary outcome measure was the live birth rate (LBR). The cumulative pregnancy or live birth was defined as clinical pregnancy or at least one live-born baby resulting from an ICSI initiated cycle. Two kinds of stratification analyses were performed based on different etiologies of NOA and various amounts of sperm retrieved. The 'Student's t-test was used for comparison of continuous variables. One-way ANOVA was used to assess outcomes among more than two groups. Chi-squared (χ2) or Fisher's exact test was used for proportions.Results: The SRR of all 968 NOA patients undergoing micro-TESE was 44.6% (n=432). ITT analysis was performed in 424 patients, and ICSI-IVF was applied in 362 couples, leading to 171 clinical pregnancies (40.3%) and 161 live-birth deliveries (38.0%) in the first embryo transfer cycle. No significant difference was observed for per-protocol analysis between the groups of frozen sperm and fresh sperm in cumulative clinical pregnancy rate (CPR, 51.0% vs. 45.2%) and live-birth rate (LBR, 47.5% vs. 42.9%). NOA patients with Y chromosome azoospermia factor c (AZFc) microdeletions had the lowest rate of the high-score embryo on day 3 (4.4%, P<0.05) and the lowest cumulative CPR (22.2%, P<0.05). NOA patients with lower sperm count had significantly lower cumulative LBR than those with higher sperm count (25.0% vs. 49.2%, P<0.05).Conclusions: Micro-TESE is an effective sperm retrieval technique for NOA patients. Our data indicated no significant difference in the LBR between ICSI-IVF cycles using frozen or fresh testicular sperm.
Mitigating nitrogen pollution from global croplands with cost-effective measures
Authors: Gu Baojing , Zhang Xiuming , Lam Shu , Yu Yingliang , Grinsven Hans van , Zhang Shaohui , Wang Xiaoxi , Duan Jiakun , Bouwman Alexander , Xu Jianming , Chen Deli , Sutton Mark , Wang Sitong , Bodirsky Benjamin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cropland is one of the major sources of global nitrogen pollution1, 2. Mitigating nitrogen pollution from global croplands is a grand challenge because of the nature of non-point source pollution from millions of farms and the lack of financial resources and scientific knowledge of farmers3. Here we synthesize 683 studies worldwide and identify 11 key measures which can reduce 30-70% of nitrogen pollution while increasing crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency by 10-30% and 20-60%, respectively. Adoption of these measures would produce 14 million tonnes (Tg) more crop nitrogen with 28 Tg less nitrogen fertilizer and 27 Tg less nitrogen pollution to the environment in global croplands in 2015. However, to achieve these potentials, innovative policies such as a nitrogen credit system (NCS) should be implemented to incentivize and subsidize the adoption of these measures given the mismatch between benefits for the whole society while the abatement cost only for farmers. Full implementation of the best-fitted measures could achieve 306 billion USD benefits on ecosystem, human health and climate globally, with net mitigation costs of only 21 billion USD given 35 billion USD fertilizer saving cost has offset 2/3 of the total mitigation cost. The large benefit-to-cost ratio suggests the feasibility and urgency to implement the NCS and Tier approaches could help to implement the most cost-effective measures on regional and local scales.
Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Absidia (Cunninghamellaceae, Mucorales) introducing nine new species and two new combinations from China
Authors: Liu Xiao-Yong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Absidia is ubiquitous and plays an important role in medicine and biotechnology. In the present study, nine new species were described from China in the genus Absidia, i.e. A. ampullacea, A. brunnea, A. chinensis, A. cinerea, A. digitata, A. oblongispora, A. sympodialis, A. varians, and A. virescens. Besides, two varieties A. cylindrospora var. nigra and A. spinosa var. biappendiculata were elevated to a specific rank as A. nigra comb. nov. and A. biappendiculata comb. nov., respectively. These new taxa were proposed based on a comprehensive investigation of morphological traits (such as shape and size of sporangia, sporangiospores and projections on columellae), physiological feature (maximum growth temperatures), and multi-locus sequences (including internal transcribed spacer, large subunit D1-D2 domains of nuclear ribosomal DNA, partial translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene and actin gene). All species mentioned above are illustrated, and an identification key to all the known species of Absidia in China is included.
Solving the iron quantification problem in low-kV EPMA: An essential step toward improved analytical spatial resolution in electron probe microanalysis—Fe-sulfides
Authors: Moy Aurélien , von der Handt Anette , Fournelle John 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The use of the field emission gun in scanning electron microscopy permits the imaging of submicrometer-size features. However, achieving sub-micrometer analytical spatial resolution in electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) requires both reducing the electron beam size and reducing the accelerating voltage to achieve the desired sub-micrometer interaction volume. The resulting quantification of the first-row transition metals at low accelerating voltage, i.e., below 7–8 kV, is problematic as the main characteristic X-ray lines (Kα) cannot be excited at these conditions. Furthermore, the use of the Lα and Lβ soft X-ray lines for quantification is complicated by bonding and self-absorption effects resulting in not-yet-determined mass absorption coefficients and hence in the failure of the traditional matrix correction procedure. We propose two methods to circumvent these low-kilovolt (low-kV) analysis limitations: using the non-traditional FeLℓ line and using universal calibration curves for the more traditional FeLα and Lβ lines. These methods were successfully applied to Fe-sulfide minerals showing accurate quantification results by EPMA at reduced kV, necessary for accurate quantification of sub-micrometer sulfide grains.
Defining domestic water consumption based on personal water use activities
Authors: Crouch Melissa Lauren , Jacobs Heinz Erasmus , Speight Vanessa L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
As the world increasingly faces water shortages, it is critical to develop realistic estimates of water consumption based on water-use activities rather than top-down imposed limits. This study quantifies the absolute basic consumption (ABC) of an individual, irrespective of water-use location or water source, with a focus on personal water-use activities rather than measured household consumption. A theoretical model to stochastically describe 21 personal water-use activities was developed, corresponding to lifestyle levels based upon Maslow's hierarchy of physiological needs. From this model, the expected value of ABC was 92 L/capita/day (LPCD) and includes restrictions on several everyday activities and thus would be better as a minimum target during stringent water restrictions. A more realistic expected value for non-wasteful, indoor-only water use was determined to be 175 LPCD. The results of this study serve as a useful benchmark to inform policy choices and efforts to conserve water without affecting health and wellbeing.
Membrane-based conceptual design of reuse water production from candy factory wastewater
Authors: Kyllönen Hanna , Heikkinen Juha , Ceras Javier , Fernandez Claudio , Porc Olaf , Grönroos Antti 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntense pressure on water resources has led to efforts to reuse reclaimed processing wastewater in the food industry. There are tight rules for water quality, but efficient separation technologies such as reverse osmosis possess good possibilities for water reuse. This study developed a membrane-based reuse water concept for wastewater from the candy industry emphasizing the pre-treatment stage in the concept to reduce fouling. The wastewater contained suspended solids, sugar compounds and the ingredients for candy gelation, which had a tendency to foul membranes, making pre-treatment essential for a successful concept. Cross-rotational ultrafiltration, which featured enhanced fouling prevention for membranes, functioned well for the removal of challenging substances. Conventional filtration technologies were impractical due to a low flux, even when the viscosity of the wastewater was reduced using surfactants. The wastewater had a high chemical oxygen demand, meaning that there was a strong fouling potential for reverse osmosis membranes, but also high osmotic pressure. A spiral wound reverse osmosis functioned well when the wastewater was pre-treated, and it produced good quality water with respect to all the other studied parameters except the chemical oxygen demand. However, chemical oxygen demand rejection was 99% since the concentration in the wastewater was originally very high.
Serum Arylsulfatase and Acid Phosphatase Activity in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome as a Result of Oxidative Damage to Lysosomes
Authors: Olszewska-Słonina Dorota M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Metabolic and clinical disorders forming the complex of interrelated abnormalities
is known as metabolic syndrome (METs).

Objective:
Our goal was to assess the dependence of serum arylsulfatase (AS) and acid phosphatase
(ACP) activities on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in patients with METs.

Methods:
In 142 patients with METs (IDF criteria), consisting of different components in different
sequences (hypertension, diabetes, lipid disorders), and in 65 healthy participants, basic biochemical
parameters were determined in laboratory tests. The activity of serum hydrolases was determined
using Bessey’s (ACP) and Roy’s (AS) methods.

Results:
The AS activity is correlated with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (more strongly in women and
in most advanced METs), BMI (in men), and triglycerides (TG) (in women, participants with I degree
obesity, and those with three METs components). The ACP activity correlated with the WHR
of patients with II degree obesity, TG in those with III degree of obesity, and total cholesterol (TC)
in those with four METs components.

Conclusion:
Increased AS activity in patients with METs compared to lower AS activity in the control
group may be due to decreased lysosomal function and related to the amount of adipose tissue.
Low activity of ACP in the blood serum of patients with METs compared to high activity of ACP
in the control group may indicate exhaustion of the lysosomal apparatus and loss of hydrolytic activity.
The increase in TG and TC in groups with an increasing number of METs-defining components
may be due to the abnormal lysosomal degradation of these compounds.
Expression, Regulation, and Role of an Oligopeptide Transporter: PEPT1 in Tumors
Authors: Wang Xi , Chen Yiming , Wang Yongjuan , Wang Bangmao , Zhang Jie , Jian Xu 
Published: August 2021

:
PEPT1 is a vital member of the proton-dependent oligopeptide transporters
family (POTs). Many studies have confirmed that PEPT1 plays a critical role in the absorption
of dipeptides, tripeptides, and pseudopeptides in the intestinal tract. In recent
years, several studies have found that PEPT1 is highly expressed in malignant tumor tissues
and cells. The abnormal expression of PEPT1 in tumors may be closely related to the
progress of tumors, and hence, could be considered as a potential molecular biomarker for
the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in malignant tumors. Furthermore, PEPT1 can be
used to mediate the targeted delivery of anti-tumor drugs. Herein, the expression, regulation,
and role of PEPT1 in tumors in recent years have been reviewed.
Nanomaterials and Stem Cell Differentiation Potential: An Overview
of Biological Aspects and Biomedical Efficacy
Authors: Farahzadi Raheleh , Adibkia Khosro , Ehsani Ali , Jodaei Asma , Barzegar-Jalali Mohammad , Fathi Ezzatollah 
Published: August 2021

:
Nanoparticles (NPs), due to their medical applications, are widely used. Accordingly,
the use of mesenchymal stem cells is one of the most important alternatives in
the tissue engineering field. NPs play effective roles in stem cells proliferation and differentiation.
The combination of NPs and tissue regeneration by stem cells has created a
new therapeutic approach towards humanity. Of note, the physicochemical properties of
NPs determine their biological function. Interestingly, various mechanisms such as modulation
of signaling pathways and generation of reactive oxygen species, are involved in
NPs-induced cellular proliferation and differentiation. This review summarized the types
of nanomaterials effective on stem cell differentiation, the physicochemical features,
biomedical application of these materials and the relationship between nanomaterials and
environment.
Amines via Hydroaminomethylation: An Updated Overview
Authors: Arena Carmela G. 
Published: August 2021

:
Aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines are widely used in the production of pharmaceuticals,
agrochemicals, dyes, surfactants and rubber chemicals.

:
Most traditional synthetic methods are often unsuitable for large-scale production due to poor
selectivity, harsh reaction conditions and the cost of starting materials.

:
In this context, hydroaminomethylation (HAM) is a very attractive catalytic process with high
atom economy that starts from inexpensive reagents, such as alkenes.

:
This review aims to provide an updated overview of hydroaminomethylation as a useful tool for
synthesizing aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines. Therefore, the discussion will focus on
both unsaturated starting compounds and the amines obtained by this one-pot reaction.