bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shear properties of studs in alkali-activated ultra-high performance concrete
Authors: Gao Yanpeng , Wei Dong , Gao Zhao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
With the wide application of ultra-high performance concrete in strengthening orthotropic steel bridge deck, the fatigue damage of steel bridge deck and the cracking of pavement layer are effectively solved. More green and environmentally friendly alkali-activated ultra-high performance concrete is also proposed. The finite element analysis method was used to study the shear performance of different diameter and length of the stud in alkali-activated UHPC. The results show that the diameter of the stud has the greatest influence on the shear bearing capacity of the stud, and the length-diameter ratio has a certain influence on the slip.
Study on axial compression behavior of rectangular concrete filled steel tubular columns with Perfobond Leister Ribs
Authors: Cheng Hanjian , Lu Zheyuan , Cao Xinke 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The built-in open-hole type stiffened rectangular steel tube concrete refers to a new combined structure formed by forming an open-hole steel plate in the longitudinal direction of the inner wall of the steel pipe and then filling the concrete. The PBL stiffener has the double functions of longitudinal stiffener and shear connector. In order to study the influence of stiffeners on the ultimate bearing capacity of rectangular CFST columns, the finite element model was established by ABAQUS and the parameters of the stiffeners were analyzed, including the aperture of the stiffeners, the spacing of the stiffeners and the width-thickness ratio. The results show that the finite element model established in this paper is in good agreement with the existing test data. The bearing capacity of rectangular CFST columns increases first and then decreases with the increase of the opening aperture of stiffeners, increases with the increase of the opening spacing, and increases with the decrease of the width to thickness ratio of stiffeners. The conclusions of this paper can provide some suggestions for the design of PBL stiffened rectangular CFST columns in practical engineering.
Research on Application Effect Evaluation of Steel Box Girder Bridge Based on Combination Weighting
Authors: Zhang Lin-jun , Zhou Hongwen , Li Heng , Yuan Baoyue 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
At present, the research on the application effect of steel box girder bridges is still only in the qualitative analysis link, and the calculation of index weights is greatly affected by personal subjective factors, and the quantitative evaluation of the application effect of steel box girder bridges has not been achieved. In this paper, we proposes a combination of subjective and objective combined weighting fuzzy evaluation model, which avoids the unreasonable problem of a single weighting method in determining the weight coefficients, and makes the weight distribution results more accurate and effective. Among them, the coefficient of variation method and the AHP method are used to calculate the subjective and objective weights of the indicators, and the linear combination calculation method is used to determine the comprehensive weights of the indicators. Then, combined with the fuzzy evaluation model, a comprehensive analysis of the application effect is carried out. Finally, the effectiveness of the combined weighting evaluation model is verified with a practical project case.
Applications and Advances in TiO2 Based Photocatalytic Building Materials
Authors: Liu Chongyang , Bai Jitao , Zhang Simiao , Yang Zewen , Luo Ming 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
TiO2 is currently the most widely used photocatalytic material. Compared with traditional building materials, TiO2-based photocatalytic building materials have unique and significant advantages, which endows them with great potential in application. By summarizing the current application and research status of photocatalytic building materials, the existing problems of photocatalytic building materials and corresponding solutions were pointed out, and current research progress of photocatalytic building materials in terms of carbon emission reduction in buildings was introduced. Finally, some prospects were made on photocatalytic building materials, which would provide a reference for the study on the next generation of photocatalytic building materials.
A dual-narrow-band near-infrared perfect absorber based on a crossed double nanorods metasurface
Authors: Guo Ling , Guo Mengran , Liu Yajie , Yin Shan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Perfect absorbing materials have attracted the attention of researchers because of their wide application in solar photovoltaic industry, biosensor and filter. Here, we report on our numerical work concerning a planar metamaterial absorber, which composed of a crossed double nanorods on a dielectric layer with a gold substrate. Based on the resonance in the crossed nanorods and the similar-Bloch-wave resonance, the planar metamaterial structure can achieve multiple peaks with high absorption and narrow band. There are two nearly perfect absorption peaks obtained at 905 nm and 1161 nm, of which absorptivity and the bandwidth are 99.97%, 99.99% and 18 nm, 19 nm respectively. This peculiar feature may envisage the possible application of the structure in solar photovoltaic industry, biosensor, optical switch and filter.
Research Progress of Effects on Nanomaterials on Pyrotechnic Properties
Authors: Qin Qi , Cui Xiaoping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Nanomaterials have been widely concerned by researchersin in recent years, because of its unique physical and chemical properties, which play an irreplaceable role in improving the performance and safety of pyrotechnics. In this paper, in the light of the effects of nanomaterials on pyrotechnic properties such as metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, composite nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, the latest research progress and current research situation are reviewed from two aspects including thermal decomposition temperature and decomposition heat, and the function mechanism was analysed. The future research directions are expected.
Component distribution of nano-carbon materials assisted by Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer
Authors: Dong Ying , Xu Fan , Li Yan , Song Tinglu , Tan Guoqiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Currently, there exist various materials surface analysis and characterization techniques, but it is difficult to measure their component distribution, in particular from a three-dimensional prospect. In this paper, the component distribution of nano-carbon materials in 2D and 3D views were both characterized via Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer (TOF-SIMS). The results indicate that TOF-SIMS could provide comprehensive information about component distribution, which is expected to be developed as an advanced technology in material analysis and characterization to the research community.
Template Preparation and Experimental Study on Superhydrophilic-Superoleophobic Nano-structures Surfaces Based on Titanium Mesh Membrane
Authors: Jian Wang , Xuezeng Zhao , lei Chen , Mingying Chen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
With the development of industrial process, the crude oil leakage of industrial oil wastewater is increasingly serious. The development of efficient and environmentally friendly separation mesh membrane technology is the best way to solve the water pollution problem. With the rapid development of micro-nanotechnology, the wetting change caused by surface structure (micro-nano scale) that can solve the problem of fabrication for oil-water separation mesh. If the liquid contact angle at the surface is less than 10°, the surfaces are called superhydrophilic surfaces. Meanwhile, the liquid contact angle is greater than 150°, the surfaces are called superhydrophobic surface. Surface with superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic is also known as special wetting surfaces. The special wetting surface is fabricated by coating / spraying. The process is simple and easy to operate. By constructing the multi-stage surface roughness and reducing the surface energy, the titanium mesh with different orders are used as the base. the mesh membrane with special superhydrophilic-superoleophobic properties is constructed. Comparing the influence of titanium mesh with different molybdenum numbers (mesh size) on hydrophilic/ hydrophobicity, the mechanism of the macroscopic size of the pore spacing substrate on the special surface wetting is analyzed. The preparation of ultra-hydrophobic multi-stage surface roughness titanium mesh is realized. The experimental analysis of oil and water separation effect is carried out. For the preparation of high-efficiency oil-water separation mesh film that can be used in industrial production. The oil and water separation mesh membrane was prepared by the titanium mesh substrate to achieve effective oil and water separation.
Experimental study on the evolution law of residual stress in the fatigue process of inductively quenched 42CrMo steel
Authors: Zhang Yongfang , Kang Sifan , Dong Lihong , Wang Haidou , Di Yuelan , Li Shaofan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the process of remanufacturing a crankshaft with a history of service, it is found that the residual stress of the crankshaft will relax during operation. Therefore, the relaxation of residual stress must be considered in the study of crankshaft remanufacturing. X-ray diffraction is used to measure the initial and final residual stresses after each loading cycle, and the changes in the microstructure of the material after induction quenching were also measured by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the maximum residual compressive stress appears inside the sample, and its size decreases with increasing depth. The relaxation of residual stress on the surface of the sample with hardened layer can be roughly divided into three stages: rapid relaxation, stable relaxation, and instantaneous release of the final fracture residual stress. An empirical model is proposed to estimate the residual stress relaxation, considering the depth of the hardened layer and the external load during the fatigue process to predict the relaxation law of the residual stress.
Effects of simulated in-situ electrokinetic remediation on physicochemical properties and phosphorus migration of sediments
Authors: Wang Huapeng , Li Jincheng , Wang Xiaoxiao , Lu Zuxian , Wei Chunman , Luo Xuejing , Zhong Yijian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The effect of simulated in-situ electrokinetic remediation (EKR) on phosphorus release from contaminated sediments was investigated. The effects of different anode materials (iron, aluminum, graphite and stainless steel) on the physicochemical properties and phosphorus migration were compared. The results showed that aluminum anode had the best inhibition effect on phosphorus release from sediments, and the highest inhibition rate of phosphorus release was 78.20% compared with non EKR, but the sustainability was poor, and the performance of iron anode is generally stable. The phosphorus in the sediments generally shows the migration trend from cathode to anode. After EKR, the Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) of the sediment decreased with the increase of normalized distance from anode. The anaerobic environment of the sediment on iron anode was the most serious, and the lowest was -616mV. The ORP of the sediment from the anode area to the middle area of other electrodes was effectively improved. The pH of the sediment increases gradually from anode to cathode, and is characterized by acidification in the anode area and alkalization in the cathode area. Iron and stainless steel electrodes have more acidic areas, showing better electrolysis efficiency.
Thermodynamic modeling of continuous flow liquid helium thermostat
Authors: Yan Rundong , Jiang Ziyun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Since the discovery of cryogenic superconductivity, liquid helium-based cryogenic superconductivity has been successfully applied in many disciplines. And continuous flow cry-ostats have great importance for the efficient and stable operation of the entire cryogenic system, which can provide a cryogenic working environment for large scale cryogenic applications. In this paper, a thermodynamic model of the liquid helium thermostat is developed based on the principle of continuous flow helium cryostat and the thermodynamic processes between liquid helium and gas helium, using mass conservation, energy conservation and pressure-volume-temperature relationships. The research work can provide theoretical guidance for the stability analysis of continuous flow cryostats, and also has practical value in large-scale cryogenic applications.
Dynamic analysis of flame propagation velocity at the initial stage of gasoline-air explosion in a tube with an open end
Authors: Zhang Peili , Xiao Jun , Wu Jingsi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Gasoline-air explosion in confined space is a process involving complex fluid mechanics and explosion mechanics. The flame behavior of gasoline-air explosion in a tube with an open end is mainly discussed in this paper. Firstly, on the basis of experimental observation and theoretical analysis, the axial position of the flame front, the flame velocity and the duration of the spherical flame are deduced and calculated. Then, the validity of the theoretical analysis is verified by comparing the theoretical calculation with the experimental data. The results show that the flame velocity is about 2.29m/s at the initial stage of gasoline-air explosion in the tube. The duration of the spherical flame is about 11.7ms. The conclusions of this paper can not only provide valuable data reference for combustible gas explosion safety engineering, fire protection design and evaluation, but also lay a foundation for further research on the flame behavior of gasoline-air explosion in the tubes with an open end.
Fluid Dynamics Research for Nozzle Flow with the Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Kong Xiangyuan , Wang Dongchi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Nozzle is a kind of fluid equipment with a wide range of applications. Research on the internal flow of the nozzle is very important for improving the performance of the nozzle or improving the design of the nozzle. In this study, the flow conditions in the convergent-divergent nozzle, as well as the convergent or divergent nozzles are solved and explored by numerical simulations based on Euler equations. It is found that the fluid Mach number is affected by many factors. With the increase of the density, temperature, and pressure, the fluid Mach number will decrease. In the study of the nozzle shape, a discovery for the nozzle flow rate is that the change of the physical parameters of the fluid will fluctuate due to the increase of the cross-sectional area, and specifically it will slow down this change.
Optical dynamic measurement of welding deformation
Authors: Wang Gaofeng , Yang Fengping , Zhang Liang , Yuan Yingtao , Su Xin , Guo Xiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an optical measurement method of welding deformation. Through the use of target detection, camera calibration, 3D metric reconstruction, we obtain the precision 3D location of targets, which are deformed in welding processing. With the data, the deformation of the workpiece in welding processing can be performed, and the manufacture and design level of welding can be improved.
Research on Numerical Simulation of Soft Soil Foundation Reinforcement during the Process of Under-Crossing Subway Shield Tunnel
Authors: Wenjie Gao , Yu Yang , Lingzhi Xi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The disturbance of shield construction in coastal soft soil area poses a threat to the use and even safety of adjacent municipal transportation facilities. In order to study the influence of under-crossing shield construction on municipal transportation facilities in soft soil area, taking a practical project as an example, the author adopted numerical analysis method to conduct a comparative study of the influence of foundation reinforcement on under-crossing shield open-cut tunnels and bridges. The results show that for open-cut tunnels and bridges, foundation reinforcement can greatly reduce the deformation and internal force of the structure after under-crossing shield. At the same time, different reinforcement depths and methods will also lead to different results. The full reinforcement of 2 meters is obviously deeper than that of 3 meters, and strip-shaped reinforcement with 6-meter spacing has worse performance. Determining a reasonable reinforcement depth is of great significance for saving costs.
Investigation of the Influence of Laval Nozzle Throat Width via Euler-based Flow Simulation
Authors: Lu Yu’ang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The nozzle is a kind of widely used fluid equipment. It is very important to study its internal flow for improving nozzle performance or improving nozzle design. In this paper, the numerical simulation method based on the Euler equation is used to solve the flow in the nozzle. Euler equations are solved by an explicit finite difference method, including discretization, pre-estimation and correction steps. Boundary treatment for the subsonic inlet and supersonic outlet are discussed. The flow characteristics inside a Laval nozzle are analysed based on the numerical results. The influence of Laval nozzle throat width on the nozzle flow is investigated by comparing three nozzles. It is observed that the dimensionless pressure, temperature, and density of the three nozzles have similar trends. While the maximum Mach number at the outlet decreases with the increase of the throat width. In short, the throat width should be decreased if a larger outlet speed of the flow is needed.
Seismic Performance Analysis on a High-rise Hidden Frame-brace Structure
Authors: Yan Zhou , Hong-gang Lei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The building No.1 project located in the district of Jinjian Yingxiyuan at the city of Taiyuan is the first high-rise steel structure building in Shanxi Province by using hidden frame-brace system with the special-shaped wide concrete-filled steel tubular (WCFT) columns. In this paper, elastic analysis and pushover analysis of the new building are carried out by using the finite element software MIDAS/Gen, which is based on the theory of equivalent sectional flexural stiffness. And the results show that the various parameters under the action of frequent earthquake and rare earthquake meet requirements of the code, the failure mechanism of the structure is reasonable, and the seismic performance is good. Finally, the hidden danger and the key problems about the new structure system are put forward.
Research on Evaporative Cooling of Liquid in Container
Authors: He Ziting 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cooling is a common phenomenon in daily life. Among different means of cooling, evaporative cooling through the evaporation of liquids is a prominent method, for it removes large quantities of heat. Our prompt is aimed at evaluating the impacts of different parameters on the speed of evaporative cooling. We evaluate the degree of impact by the means of experiment and simulation of experiments with finite element simulation software COMSOL, using containers of different shapes, different wind speeds, and controlling the existence of evaporation. Research shows that the speed of evaporative cooling is mainly determined by the difference in the amount of evaporation, followed by the geometric shape category of the upper surface of the container. Simply changing the proportion of the upper surface of the container does not pose a large impact on the speed of evaporative cooling due to the impact from turbulence around the container and the conductive heat transfer of the container itself. In the process of the research, the experiment and simulation results achieve a high degree of agreement, confirming the accuracy of the simulation.
Design Analysis and Experimental Research of Multi-Segment Linear Reflector
Authors: Fang Houlin , Zhang Liangyong , Li Pengyi , Zhang Fang , Liu Yunzhe , Tang Shiying , Zhang Dezhi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The parabolic reflector provides one of the common sound wave convergence methods in acoustic engineering. To reduce the difficulty of fabricating large-size reflectors and improve the convergence effect, this paper proposes a multi-segment linear reflector design method. Through the normal vibration radiation analysis of the flextensional transducer shell, the reflector interface reflection was optimized, the reflection effect was improved and the reflector size was reduced. The transmission theory was used to analyze the impact of different material parameters and sound wave frequency on the reflector transmission coefficient, and the gain effect of the multi-segment linear reflector was further tested. The research results show that the reflector has a significant gain effect in the test frequency band of 20∼100Hz, and the gain at 70Hz I reaches the maximum of 11.2dB.
Nozzle Flow Simulation by Small Disturbance Approximation and Euler Method
Authors: Cheng Fanrui , Xu Yang , Zhou Wenbo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The nozzle is a kind of equipment with a wide range of usage in the aerospace industry, of which its performance is vital for rocket engines by changing the geometry of the inner wall of the pipe section to accelerate the airflow. There are two types of nozzles commonly used: one is a tapered nozzle, and the other is a Laval nozzle. To analyze the flow phenomenon in nozzle is vital before transferring prototype design into industrial production, whether by laboratory experiment or computational simulation. In this paper, two different numerical methods are adopted to simulate gas behavior inside a simplified nozzle with upper and bottom symmetrical bumps. The first is to solve one dimensional Euler equations, and the other is to solve a scalar variable named velocity potential with small disturbance equations (SDE). The solutions under various inlet Mach numbers are compared by analysing the velocity fields and Mach number contours obtained by these two approaches. Similarities and differences between the Euler method and the potential SDE method for subsonic flow and supersonic flow are the key emphases in this work. For either subsonic or supersonic flow, the Mach number distribution along the nozzle’s center line shows a consistent trend for both methods. In contrast, the values of maximum or minimum Mach number have corresponding differences. Moreover, by using potential SDE simulation, several types of shock waves are successfully captured. All results show that the incoming airflow decelerates at the leading edge of the nozzle then accelerates when passing through the bumps, and finally decelerates back to the speed of inlet flow. The difference is that flows with varied Mach numbers has distinct velocity distributions in the nozzle.