bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing choice-based models of social service: The importance of involving people who use services in reform processes
Authors: Healy John , Clarke Madeleine 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on the opportunities and challenges of introducing choice-based models of social services. Research has found that these models often provide better outcomes and are cost-effective, but the pace of their introduction is generally slow. There are often very deeply held assumptions about the capacity of the people using these services and the potential for change within the existing social service system. Using institutional and social movement theory, the authors seek to explain these barriers to change. Drawing on the experience of supporting the national roll-out of choice-based models in Ireland, the authors propose a number of strategies to accelerate the introduction of these types of models into social services. The authors find that one of the key ways to accelerate reform and reduce transition costs is design processes which have the voice of service users at the centre of the reform process.
“Old Techniques for New Times”: the RMaCzek package for producing Czekanowski’s diagrams
Authors: Bartoszek Krzysztof , Västerlund Albin 
Published: January 2021

Summary
Inspired by the MaCzek Visual Basic program we pprovide an R package, RMaCzek, that produces Czekanowski’s diagrams. Our package permits any seriation and distance method the user provides. In this paper we focus on the “OLO” and “QAP_2SUM” methods from the seriation package. We illustrate the possibilities of our package with three anthropological studies, one socioeconomic study and a phylogenetically motivated simulation study.
Heritability Paterns of Some Agro-Botanical Characters Related to Yield and Drought Tolerance in Two Landraces of Rice
Authors: Abraham Olubukola Grace , Nwokeocha Chinyere Constance , Faluyi Julius Olaoye 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTwo landraces of rice, AWGUII-04 and IJ-124, were characterised and assessed for phenotypic variability, heritability, genetic advance and modes of inheritance of some primary yield and drought-tolerance traits. The target traits for yield were a percentage of filled spikelets, plant form, tillering, and for drought tolerance, leaf rolling, ratooning and maturity. This study was carried out to help both breeders and farmers make a wise choice when carrying out hybridisation and on the field. Hybridisation produced three F1 hybrids that were advanced to F2 generation. Quantitative and qualitative vegetative and reproductive data were taken from each F2 population. The results obtained showed high heritability (62–100%) in all the thirty-eight vegetative and reproductive traits. The genetic advance was high (> 20%) in all the target traits except for leaf rolling. The traits segregated in the following ratio: plant growth form – 9:6:1; the percentage of filled spikelets – 13:3; ratooning – 3:1; maturity – 15:1; the number of tillers – 15:1 and leaf rolling – 15:1. The high heritability of the above traits makes them highly dependable for rice crop improvement.
Examining Teachers’ Culturally Relevant Education Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Turkey
Authors: Kotluk Nihat , Kocakaya Serhat 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We designed this study with the aim to examine teachers’ culturally relevant and sustaining education self-efficacy perceptions in Turkey. For this purpose, we developed a Culturally Relevant/Sustaining Education Self-Efficacy Scale. We obtained the data from 1302 teachers. Data analysis proceeded in three steps: First, we analyzed factor analysis. Second, we conducted a descriptive analysis of the items on the CRESE Scale. Finally, we compared teachers’ perceptions. The scale consists of a single factor and teachers’ scores on the CRESE Scale were highly reliable. The findings revealed that teachers were less efficacious in their ability to revise the teaching-learning materials in terms of cultural diversity, to give culturally relevant examples, to reflect the students’ cultural values in the classroom, and to increase in school parents’ and families’ participation in Turkey. Also, teachers’ self-efficacy perceptions differ significantly according to some variables. We discussed the implications for these findings for both further research and future teacher preparation.
Tourism, Development and Protected Areas: Deconstructing the Myth
Authors: Moreno Mª Luisa Gómez , Barquero Luis Miguel Rubio 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The relation between tourism and rural development has been strengthened by planning frameworks such as rural development (the LEADER programmes) and by the management of protected natural areas. This relation also contributes to the concept of the multifunctionality of agricultural land. However, in the management of protected areas in Spain, the role of tourism and the public use of areas of maximum protection are often prioritised to the detriment of the agrarian societies with a permanent presence in these surroundings. In this paper, we analyse the impact of environmental planning and rural development on the characterisation of private tourist services in the Sierra de las Nieves natural park (near Málaga, Spain), using statistical sources, surveys and interviews with stakeholders. The results obtained show that the geographic distribution of private facilities is largely unrelated to public considerations. We view this outcome as a consequence of the disjunction between the agrarian traditions of local society and the new measures adopted to promote tourist activities.
Primary drug-related crime in the Czech Republic from a geographical perspective: study of urban, suburban and rural differences
Authors: Petruželka Benjamin , Barták Miroslav 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Illicit drug use and drug-related crime constitute a significant issue and create large economic and societal costs both at national and regional level. The aim of this article is to examine the differences in primary drug-related crime between urban, suburban and rural local police departments in Czechia. The primary drug-related crime rate in local police departments was constructed from the data collected in the national crime database and the geographical classification of these departments was taken from previous research. To analyze the differences among urban, suburban and rural departments, we used the general linear model. The models with measures that were not standardized for the number of inhabitants were all significant, while not all the models with standardized measures were significant. Overall primary drug-related crime, unauthorized production and other handling of illicit drugs and possession of illicit drugs models with standardized measures showed no significant differences between departments. The cultivation of plants model with standardized measure shows an increase in the predicted values of independent variables in suburban and rural departments compared to urban departments. Our research results show that local urban police departments are not related to higher rates of standardized primary drug-related crime, although there are differences in specific drug law offences. It suggests that drug-related issues are prevalent in all types of departments, however, the specific issues differ between them. Conclusions: The research showed that standardized primary drug-related crime rate in urban departments is not higher than in suburban or rural local police departments.
Language – speech – social inclusion
Authors: Orgoňová Oľga 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study presents an overview of reflections on the synergic application of methodological paradigms in predominantly paradigmatic structuralism after the communicative and pragmatic turn in linguistics. The reflections on methodological continuity are applied to the research of the active aspect of language rooted in the real social world. These theoretical pillars of linguistic research are seen in relation to the methodological situation in the humanities, as well as in the social sciences and are enriched with stimuli from the functioning of the so-called civil science. The foundations of researching and stimulating social inclusion are laid on the background of the mentioned theoretical frameworks, with the support of a selected professional semi-variety of the national language. The so-called easy language rooted in the professional vocabulary for the laymen, created by linguists and supported by civil science in the conditions of liberalization of the digital era society, becomes the medium for optimizing social relations between experts and non-experts.
Impulse signals classification using one dimensional convolutional neural network
Authors: Olkhovskiy Mikhail , Müllerová Eva , Martínek Petr 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The main purpose of this work is to propose a modern one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1 D CNN) configurations for distinguishing separate PD impulses from different types of PD sources while the parameters of these sources are changed. Three PD sources were built for signal generation: corona discharge, discharge in a void, and surface discharge. The reason for using separate PD impulses for classification is to develop a universal tool with the ability to recognize an insulation defects by analysing very few events in the insulation in a short range of time. Additionally, we found the optimal sample rates for the data acquisition for these network configurations. The necessity of signal filtering was also tested. The following configurations of a neural network were proposed: configuration for classification raw PD impulses; configuration for classification of PD impulses represented by power spectral density, for both filtered and unfiltered variants.
Comparative Anatomical Studies on Ductus Venosus in Fetuses of Domestic Ruminants
Authors: Bejdić Pamela , Ćutuk Amel , Alić Amer , Čengić Benjamin , Avdić Rizah , Tandir Faruk , Hadžiomerović Nedžad , Mrvić Verica 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study has aimed to investigate and determine the anatomical position, shape, size, and histological features of the ductus venosus, and its role as a shunt in the fetal circulatory system in domestic ruminants. The research was conducted on 19 bovine, 11 sheep and 5 goat fetuses, aborted at the late stage of pregnancy or deceased just after delivery. The general anatomy of the ductus venosus was investigated by in-situ dissection of the corrosive cast obtained by injection of 25% solution of Vinylite mass through the umbilical vein. For histological examination, the fetal tissue samples were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson’s trichrome, Verhoeff-Van Gieson and Gomoriꞌs silver stain. The results showed that ruminant fetal ductus venosus is a curved, trumpet-shaped vessel, situated in the central part of the liver, above the porta hepatis. Its ventral part is constricted in the form of an isthmus, having a prominent lip-like thickening at the junction with the portal sinus. Histological examination showed the dominant presence of collagen and elastic fibers in its tunica media, with thin bands of smooth muscle fibers oriented in a longitudinal and circular direction indicating ability for vasoconstriction and vasodilatation.
Determination of the CTV-PTV margin for prostate cancer radiotherapy depending on the prostate gland positioning control method
Authors: Sobajtis Aleksandra , Kukołowicz Paweł 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the correct CTV-PTV margin, depending on the method used to verify the PG position. In the study, 3 methods of CBCT image superimposition were assessed as based on the location of the prostate gland (CBCT images), a single gold marker, and pubic symphysis respectively.

Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 30 patients undergoing irradiation therapy at the University Hospital in Zielona Góra. The therapy was delivered using the VMAT (Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy) protocol. CBCT image-based superimposition (prostate-based alignment) was chosen as the reference method. The uncertainty of the PG positioning method was determined and the margin to be used was determined for the CBCT-based reference method. Then, changes in the position of the prostate gland relative to these determined using the single marker and pubic symphysis-based methods were determined. The CTV-PTV margin was calculated at the root of the sum of the squares for the doubled value of method uncertainty for the CBCT image-based alignment method and the value of the difference between the locations of planned and actual isocenters as determined using the method of interest and the CBCT-based alignment method for which the total number of differences accounted for 95% of all differences.

Results: The CTV-PTV margins to be used when the prostate gland is positioned using the CBCT imaging, single marker, and pubic symphysis-based methods were determined. For the CBCT-based method, the following values were obtained for the Vrt, Lng, and Lat directions respectively: 0.43 cm, 0.48 cm, 0.29 cm. For the single marker-based method, the respective values were 0.7 cm, 0.88 cm, and 0.44 cm whereas for the pubic symphysis-based method these were 0.65 cm, 0.76 cm, and 0.46 cm.

Conclusions: Regardless of the method, the smallest margin values were obtained for the lateral direction, with the CBCT-based method facilitating the smallest margins to be used. The largest margins were obtained using the single marker-based alignment method.
Fluence map optimisation for prostate cancer intensity modulated radiotherapy planning using iterative solution method
Authors: Singh Pushpendra , Tripathi Supriya , Tamrakar Raunak Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Here we projected a model-based IMRT treatment plan to produce the optimal radiation dosage by considering that the maximum amount of prescribed dose should be delivered to the target without affecting the surrounding healthy tissues especially the OARs. Fluence mapping is used for inverse planning. This suggested method can generate global minima for IMRT plans with reliable plan quality among diverse treatment planners and to provide better safety for significant parallel OARs in an effective way. The whole methodology is having the capability to handles various objectives and to generate effective treatment procedures as validated with illustrations on the CORT dataset. For the validation of our methodology, we have compared our result with the two other approaches for calculating the objectives based on dose-volume bounds and found that in our methodology dose across the prostate and lymph nodes is maximum and the time required for the convergence is minimum.
Costs and Benefits of Green Tramway Tracks
Authors: Jakubcová E. , Horváthová E. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In recent decades, green tramway tracks have still more often been installed in many cities as an alternative to standard rails placed on concrete sleepers or grooved rails since the vegetated tracks are beneficial to urban dwellers. In this article, we summarize and compare the benefits of grass and low-maintenance tramway tracks and link them with their investment and maintenance costs in two Czech cities. We conclude that grass surfaces offer a slightly higher rainwater retention capacity, while the rest of the benefits are similar for grass and low-maintenance surfaces. The investment costs are also similar, however, the maintenance costs are 30× higher for grass surfaces than for the low-maintenance ones.
Influence of intrinsic and extrinsic food attributes on consumers’ acceptance of reformulated food products: A systematic review
Authors: Bolha Anja , Blaznik Urška , Korošec Mojca 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Reducing the salt, sugar and fat content of food is recognised worldwide as one of the strategies available for reducing the incidence of obesity and non-communicable diseases. The food industry has a major influence on achieving these goals by preserving intrinsic (chemical and sensory properties) and modifying extrinsic (food packaging and other external information) food attributes that can influence purchasing decisions. This article is a literature review of studies that analyse the influence of intrinsic and/or extrinsic attributes on consumer product preference and purchasing decisions.

Methods
A keyword search for relevant studies was conducted using Web of Science, an interdisciplinary electronic resource. Articles from other sources were also included and systematically reviewed.

Results
The search string identified 266 results. Thirty-eight articles were included in the final analysis and coded according to intrinsic and extrinsic food attributes, reformulated nutrient, food category, condition, research methods, consumer response, study location and sample size. There are several authors investigating the effect of intrinsic rather than extrinsic product attributes. Most research deals with processed foods in the category of milk and dairy products, followed by sweetened fruit juices, meat products, sweets and bread. Salt content is the attribute most often reduced, followed by sugar and fat.

Conclusions
Consumers find it hard to swap potential health benefits for hedonic attributes. When evaluating products in expected conditions, they usually rate the reformulated product more highly than the conventional one, while in informed conditions they usually choose the regular product. When products are labelled with a traffic light or nutritional warnings, consumers opt for a reformulated product, even in informed conditions. This review highlights the heterogeneity between food groups, and the fact that many factors influence consumers’ product preferences and purchasing decisions. The product should be analysed as a whole and tested in blind, expected and informed conditions, as each individual factor represents a phase of the consumer purchasing decision. The extent of nutrient reduction should be determined by calculating the difference threshold, and the industry should reformulate products gradually based on how consumers detect the reduction.
Middle English occupational terms with Scandinavian word stems: Functional, semantic and chronological issues
Authors: Dobrovolska Oksana 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of functional, semantic and chronological issues concerning Middle English occupational terms with Scandinavian word stems. The semantic group under investigation consists of 184 words, comprising 24.5% of the total number of loan-blends within the semantic group of Middle English occupational terms, and 8% of the total 2,417 Middle English occupational terms. 97 loan-blends with Scandinavian word stems were revealed on the basis of proper names. They constitute 13% of all Middle English occupational terms. a predominance of the function of identification and a very active usage with the aim of identifying people in medieval society prove loan-blends with Scandinavian word stems to be very popular. The data obtained in the study prove the very high level of popularity of Scandinavian borrowings in Middle English, as well as a prevalence of the names of artisans among all the semantic groups of the word stems. We noted an increase in the number of derivatives first attested in the 13th and the 14th centuries, whereas a decrease in the process of word formation on the basis of Scandinavian borrowings is noticed in the 15th century.
Smart City: From Concept To Implementation
Authors: Chrisidu-Budnik Agnieszka , Przedańska Justyna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article presents four interpretations of the term smart city, which are not competitive with each other, but even so, municipal authorities knowingly choose the so-called strong preference, as well as shows the conditions for implementing Smart City Projects, which is treated as one of the mechanisms of implementing the idea of the smart city. We also draw attention in the article to the logic of preferences, which is rooted in every decision-making process of municipal authorities, which were forced to make constant choices in conditions of conflicting expectations of stakeholders.
Analisis Pengaruh Pengadaan Obat Terhadap Kepuasan Apoteker di FKTP
Authors: Andriana Ika , Prabowo Pulung 
Published: January 2021

<p>Kepuasan apoteker berperan penting terhadap tingkat kualitas pelayanan BPJS Kesehatan sebab dengan pelayanan BPJS Kesehatan yang baik maka akan memberikan kepuasan apoteker sebagai penyedia layanan kefarmasian di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat I (FKTP). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengadaan obat terhadap kepuasan apoteker di FKTP Kabupaten Jombang dan Madiun. Penelitian ini dilakukan di FKTP Kabupaten Jombang dan Madiun meliputi puskesmas, klinik pratama, dan apotek jejaring. Metode pengambilan sampel secara <em>total sampling</em> terhadap 21 apoteker yang melakukan pelayanan BPJS Kesehatan di FKTP dengan menggunakan variabel bebas pengadaan obat. Data diperoleh dengan menyebarkan secara langsung kuesioner, kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear dengan program komputer spss versi 18. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengadaan obat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan apoteker dengan nilai signifikan 0.00.</p>
Order alteration in a cascade-ordered set
Authors: Поморцев Леонид Александрович , Цурков Владимир Иванович 
Published: January 2021

В статье исследуются Частично и Каскадно Упорядоченные Множества (ЧУМ и КУМ) в аспекте развития алгоритмирования в Теории Реляционных Баз Данных (ТРБД). КУМ расширяет понятие ЧУМ за счёт включения в него цепочки вложенных друг в друга Частичных Порядков (ЧП). Примером КУМ служит Последовательность Вывода (ПВ) Функциональной Зависимости (ФЗ) из заданной совокупности ФЗ, в которой имеют место порядки следования и вывода одних ФЗ из других. Необходимость перестройки возникает в случаях повторов ФЗ в ПВ, которые преобразуются одной из Теорем настоящей работы в повторное их использование или, иными словами повторы какой-либо ФЗ заменяются исходящим из него гнездованием. Полученные результаты могут иметь самостоятельное значение в алгебре. В настоящей работе для доказательств применяются так называемые логические схемы.
The article examines the Partially and Cascade of Ordered Sets (POS and COS) in aspect of the development of algoritms in the Theory of Relational Databases (TRDB). COS expands the notion of POS by including himself a chain of Partial Orders (PO) wich nested into each other. An example of COS is the Sequence of the Derivation (SD) of the Functional Dependence (FD) from a given set of FDs which have two orders of following and of derivation of some FD from others. The need for restructuring arises in cases of repetitions of the FD in SD, which are transformed into their reuse or, in other words, replicas of any FD are replaced by the outgoing from him nesting. The received results can have an independent value in algebra. In the present paper, so-called logic schemes are used for proofs.