bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aprendizaje-Servicio para acercar la robótica educativa a las personas con parálisis cerebral y promover las competencias docentes
Authors: Gamito Gomez Rakel , Hermoso Larzabal Eider , Leon Hernandez Irati , Bilbao Antia Lander 
Published: December 2021

La robótica educativa puede ser una alternativa de experimentación con grandes beneficios para la estimulación de las personas con parálisis cerebral, pero en pocas ocasiones tienen acceso a espacios de interacción basados en tecnología. En ese sentido, el Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) brinda la oportunidad de llevar a cabo propuestas inclusivas que, a su vez, favorecen el desarrollo docente. Por ello, este estudio busca ofrecer y valorar un proyecto ApS basado en robótica educativa y dirigido a personas con parálisis cerebral y, también, analizar los aprendizajes adquiridos durante el proceso.
En total han participado 30 personas de ASPACE Álava (18 usuarias y 12 voluntarias) y un alumno universitario del Grado de Educación Primaria. La información se ha recogido en notas de campo, fotografías y un diario y se ha analizado mediante un sistema categorial.
El trabajo ha permitido recoger en detalle el diseño de una sesión de robótica educativa adaptada para personas con parálisis cerebral. La experiencia se ha valorado positivamente, resultando ser atractiva, motivadora, emocionante y enriquecedora. El proceso ha permitido el desarrollo de competencias académicas, personales y sociales, mostrando el valor del ApS en la formación inicial docente.
La formación en Aprendizaje Servicio Solidario ante el reto de los escenarios virtuales de aprendizaje en Educación Superior
Authors: Gómez-Gómez Marta , Gómez-Jarabo Inmaculada , Sánchez Alba Bienvenida 
Published: December 2021

La Educación Superior apuesta por desarrollar competencias desde una dimensión social a través del Aprendizaje Servicio Solidario (ApS). Desde un trabajo colaborativo entre universidades, este estudio piloto forma en ApS al alumnado de los Grados en Educación Infantil y Educación Social (n=66) de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. La formación en modalidad híbrida aprovechó los actuales escenarios virtuales y pretendió conocer su percepción sobre esta modalidad y los beneficios del ApS en su desarrollo. La metodología mixta y el cuestionario, diseñado ad hoc y validado por expertos, permitieron realizar un estudio descriptivo y relacional a través de la prueba exacta de Fisher Se concluye que el grado y el género no influyen en las variables estudiadas, obteniéndose, generalmente, resultados similares. La modalidad híbrida fue bien acogida, consideran el ApS muy aplicable al contexto socio-comunitario, favoreciendo la posibilidad de desarrollar, en este orden, competencias personales, profesionales y académicas, especialmente, su dimensión social, reclamando más formación y experiencias ApS. El estudio aporta un caso de éxito de formación en ApS, fácilmente transferible, a través de escenarios virtuales y sesiones teórico-prácticas. Esto contribuye a incrementar investigaciones sobre la necesaria formación a futuros maestros y educadores en metodologías con proyección social.
El alineamiento constructivo de un curso online de aprendizaje-servicio
Authors: Bezerra Joana , Paphitis Sharli 
Published: December 2021

Service-learning is gaining traction worldwide, including South Africa. This pedagogy requires a different approach to teaching and learning and few resources are available to provide such support. A course for lecturers that either already teach a service-learning course or are interested in doing so, would address this need, but, as with any other course, its constructive alignment is key. Online courses reach more people, but also add another layer of complexity. The aim of this paper is to discuss the constructive alignment of an online community-based service-learning course and to provide a roadmap for other institutions to develop such courses. A community-based service-learning course that brings together the critical elements of how to develop such course and, is revised using a curriculum alignment lens, offers a more critical and relevant experience, for the lecturers, which will lead to more critical and sound service-learning courses for the students.
Editorial del número especial: El Aprendizaje-Servicio en el Entorno de las Tecnologías Digitales
Authors: Paz Lourido Berta , De Benito Bárbara 
Published: December 2021

El Aprendizaje-Servicio es un enfoque pedagógico, una metodología docente experiencial y una estrategia de compromiso solidario con la comunidad que permite al alumnado trabajar en necesidades reales del entorno con la finalidad de mejorarlo. La tecnología digital se ha incorporado en el Aprendizaje-Servicio mediando en los proyectos, facilitando su desarrollo y dando soporte a los procesos. Pero, además, dota de nuevos significados aquello que pensábamos relegado al espacio presencial y local, haciendo necesarios nuevos enfoques o marcos que integren las distintas aproximaciones al conocido comúnmente como Aprendizaje-Servicio virtual.
En este número especial contamos con trece artículos que abarcan diferentes tipos de estudios, tanto teóricos como aplicados. Se incluyen proyectos de Aprendizaje-Servicio que hacen uso de redes sociales, de aplicaciones digitales y otras tecnologías de la comunicación que han sido desarrollados en distintos niveles educativos desde la educación infantil hasta la universidad. El servicio ha sido realizado en ámbitos diversos como la educación inclusiva o la salud, entre otros. Los trabajos recogidos contribuyen a incrementar el conocimiento, mejorar la formación, facilitar la transferencia y promover la institucionalización del Aprendizaje-Servicio y son un buen reflejo del creciente interés que sobre el Aprendizaje-Servicio existe en entornos tecnológicos.
Building water resilience into strategy: The Cape Town drought
Authors: Kaiser Gisela 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Cape Town drought captured the world's attention at the beginning of 2018 with the announcement of Day Zero: the day that Cape Town's taps would run dry. In the eye of the storm a host of factors contributed to the panic, and rapidly falling dam levels. Politics was exceptionally conflictual, interaction between spheres of government responsible for various aspects of water supply far from perfect, with public perception and media frenzy driving a focus on matters which played a very small part in the effort not to run out of water. During this time, Cape Town was building a water strategy, specifically aimed at making Cape Town more resilient against future droughts by addressing all possible factors contributing to the drought crisis. With dams close to overflowing in 2020, the next challenge is to ensure that the strategy is implemented according to plan.
Transforming a water company to improve service levels and resilience: Lessons from Sierra Leone
Authors: Day St John , Jain Nitin , Menjor Tom , Penge Maada K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
All water companies need to be able to provide safe, adequate and reliable water supplies to their customers and consumers. Yet some work under very daunting conditions. The civil war in Sierra Leone resulted in the destruction of much water supply infrastructure. It also had a devastating impact on the performance of water companies. Since the war ended in 2002 other changes continue, such as: population growth, unplanned urbanisation, environmental destruction and climate change, plus the Ebola outbreak. These pressures all have a massive impact on the natural environment and on demands for water. It is against this background that Guma Valley Water Company is trying to rebuild water infrastructure and strengthen utility arrangements for providing a reliable and affordable service on which people depend. This article describes ongoing efforts to improve water supply in Freetown. The case study highlights the multi-faceted nature of resilience building and the processes that must be undertaken if water companies are to become resilient. Long-term technical and financial support is required, however, programmes should be realistic in their expectations.
Mobilising the public to reduce household water use in Essex and Suffolk Water
Authors: Ajia Fatima O. , Wagstaff Tim , Sharp Liz 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The south-eastern region of the UK is facing water scarcity due to population growth and insufficient rainfall to meet household water demand. One of the regulatory requirements for water utilities is customer engagement to increase water efficiency. This chapter aims to identify key barriers to delivering engagement activities promoting household water efficiency and opportunities for improving practices in Essex & Suffolk Water (ESW) – a UK water utility operating in areas of serious water stress. A reflection is made on the water utility's Every Drop Counts (EDC) home visit campaign, an annual household water efficiency initiative, with particular focus on insights from its face-to-face delivery during Asset Management Plan 6 (AMP6, 2015−2020). The pilot of the EDC campaign's virtual initiative comprising of 66 virtual home visits is examined, with focus on drawing out lessons learned as Asset Management Plan 7 (AMP7, 2020−2025) begins during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Whilst the virtual home visit campaign was found to reach a broader customer base, save financial and environmental costs, and address the season and place constraints typically posed by the face-to-face campaign, fewer water saving devices were installed per property (4.4) compared to the face-to-face campaign (6.4), and calculating measured water savings was impossible due to customers failing to take water meter readings independently during the COVID-19 lockdown. Face-to-face home visits should therefore not mean an end to virtual home visits and vice versa, but rather serve as a twin-track strategy for delivering the campaign.
Key strategies that emerged as improving face-to-face home visits in ESW include increasing the use of customer insight; varying the frame for water efficiency communications; improving the face-to-face engagement strategy; enhancing knowledge training; and creating feedback mechanisms between water efficiency managers and plumbers on the frontline. To better maximise virtual home visits, it is recommended that the behavioural change aspect of water efficiency education is delivered as a key and complementary aspect of appointments, and customers are better supported to self-install a wider range of water saving devices.
This chapter bridges the gap between water management theory and practice by providing a better understanding of how practitioners are putting concepts into action on the ground and by so doing, contributes to building a learning culture in the global water sector.
Can and should refugees and communities that host them expect better performing and resilient water supply services?
Authors: Schweitzer Ryan , Day St John , Njoroge David Githiri , Forster Tim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
During the acute phase of an emergency the priority for humanitarian agencies is to rapidly establish water supply and other basic services (e.g. sanitation, hygiene, and solid waste) for people affected by disaster or crisis. However, the immediate response to an emergency is relatively short in duration, while the services, particularly water supply, often need to meet the needs of affected populations for many years. Often crises are protracted in nature and it is therefore important to understand how service performance evolves and whether service users are satisfied with the level of water supply. This is an important consideration because long-term sustainability may not represent an important part of initial thinking by humanitarian agencies. The United Nations High Commission for Refugees estimates the average time spent by a refugee in a camp is 10 years, while the average refugee camp remains for 26 years. Two questions arise: first, how will humanitarian agencies ensure emergency water supplies reach the desired performance levels; second, how will local institutions be able to manage, modify and finance the services that camp or settlement dwellers and host communities will depend upon. In this chapter the authors explore experiences from two country case studies and monitoring data extracted from ongoing humanitarian crises. The main conclusions are: service level enhancements are often slow to materialise and widespread efforts are required to raise performance levels.
Solar-powered water systems for vulnerable rural communities: Alleviating water scarcity in Iraq
Authors: Al-khateeb Mohammed , Alkhateeb Ali 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Deteriorating water quality and decreasing water quantity are causing a water crisis in Iraq. The crisis is having a profoundly negative impact on people's livelihoods and on the economy. In the most water-stressed areas, vulnerable people have had to move from rural areas where water is scarce to urban areas, placing additional pressure on the water supply.
To mitigate the impact of water scarcity on the most vulnerable people in rural areas, the United Nations Children's Fund has worked in partnership with the Iraqi Water Authorities on a programme to increase access to more resilient water services in some highly vulnerable rural and conflict affected areas of Iraq where water services are unreliable. One major contributing factor to the problem of access to water was the unreliability of the electrical supply, particularly in the summer months. The programme identified that an alternative to grid electrical power was needed to achieve a more reliable source of energy for water provision.
The programme installed solar-powered water systems in two vulnerable districts in northern Iraq: Shekhan district, Ninewa, and Makhmur, Erbil. These systems are now providing sustainable, predictable and reliable water services to two vulnerable districts which had previously suffered extensively from power shortages and service interruptions. The water from the new solar-powered systems provides access to safe water for refugees and internally displaced people, as well as local communities. Importantly, the programme has increased water conservation and efficiency and helped to strengthen community resilience. It has also highlighted the need for adaptive and innovative technological solutions, which can support more effective disaster response and recovery.
Geospatial modeling of water supply distribution system: A case study of Dehradun city, India
Authors: Jaiswal A. K. , Thakur P. K. , Kumar P. , Kannaujiya S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Water utilities form the core part of any urban infrastructure. A spatial database of the water distribution system (WDS) for Dehradun city has been created in a geographic information system (GIS) environment, while drawing data inputs from diverse sources and water supply-demand gap analysis has been performed. Environmental Protection Agency Network (EPANET, 2.0) has been used to analyze the WDS to explore its reliability in current and future scenarios. Mapping of the existing 564 km long distribution network revealed that more than three-quarters of the system has outdated water pipelines. An accuracy of 93% for pipe diameter estimation has been obtained upon validation by ground penetrating radar (GPR) survey. Water supply-demand gap analysis confirmed that although Dehradun city has surplus supply, it suffers from scarcity, mainly due to the unsatisfactory condition of the existing WDS. Twenty-seven percent of the existing pipes are smaller than the prescribed standards; there is an undesirable practice of direct pumping of water from tube wells into the network and storage tanks are required for at least 29 locations in the network. A 24-hour extended period EPANET simulation helped to identify the areas where the water supply network experienced very low or negative pressure.
China pollutant discharge permits as a link between total emission control and water quality: a pilot study of the pesticide industry
Authors: Guo Xinyan , Shi Mali , Ni Ni , Zhang Xiaohui , Yuan Wenkai , Wang Na 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The deficiency of China's current pollution discharge permit system lies in the failure to improve the water quality effectively. This paper discusses the premise that the water quality of a water environmental functional zone (WEFZ) is mostly affected by industrial pollution sources. By reviewing the related policy, we noted the link between total emission control, effluent limitations and pollutant discharge permits us to configure a practical framework for pollutant discharge permits based on water quality. China's pollutant discharge permit system provides an administrative foundation for reducing polluters' total emissions at the scale of the WEFZ, and it is best implemented through the imposition of limitations on polluters to identify the related treatment technology levels. Owing to the importance of limitations, the methodology of limitation classification and the related treatment technology classification are presented for the pesticide industry. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis of the pollutant reduction potential for the pesticide industry is conducted to determine the current level of sewage treatment. More importantly, this study offers an innovative way to investigate pollutant reduction potential and provides an example that may be useful to other key industries.
Assessing intermittent saline inflows in urban water systems
Authors: Brito R. S. , Almeida M. C. , Silva N. , Barreto S. , Veríssimo F. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Urban water drainage systems' primary function is to transport sanitary or stormwater. The intrusion of saline waters has recognized detrimental effects. Especially in coastal areas, saline inflows can compromise performance by increasing the risk of untreated discharges, weakening the structural condition of concrete or metallic components, reducing the effectiveness of wastewater treatment processes and limiting the potential reuse for irrigation. Performance deterioration can be prevented by an early assessment of exposure to saline water, followed by timely actions to control its causes and consequences. The paper describes a procedure for diagnosing undue saline inflows. The procedure is based on the determination of saline inflow's magnitude, acceptance levels, and contribution to the system's performance. Contextual factors and performance indicators, and their reference values, are selected for the assessment. Options to address the problem are proposed, depending on the results. These options can relate to organizational, operational, and structural actions. Application to a case study allowed to validate the method and discuss the results. Here, saline volumes entering the system are quite relevant (almost 30%), posing problems regarding corrosion, treatment plant operation and significant concrete exposure to intermittent saline waters.
Effect of different D-amino acids on biofilm formation of mixed microorganisms
Authors: Su Xinying , Cheng Xin , Wang Yu , Luo Jintao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of D-tyrosine, D-aspartic acid, D-tryptophan and D-leucine on biofilm formation of mixed microorganisms. Results showed that, in the attachment stage, D-amino acids caused significant reduction in adhesion efficiency of mixed microorganisms to the membrane surface. Moreover, D-amino acids have a promoting effect on the reversible adhesion of mixed microorganisms. The addition of D-amino acid generally inhibited the biofilm biomass, of which D-tyrosine has the best inhibition effect. With the effect of D-tyrosine, D-aspartic acid, D-tryptophan and D-leucine, the protein in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) decreased by 8.21%, 7.65%, 3.51% and 11.31%, respectively. The carbohydrates in EPS decreased by 29.53%, 21.44%, 14.60% and 10.54%, respectively. The results of excitation-emission matrix spectra (EEMs) suggested that the structural properties of the tyrosine-like proteins, tryptophan-like protein and humic-like acid might have changed by the D-amino acids.
Kilka uwag o osobie prokurenta
Authors: Gawrysiak-Zabłocka Aleksandra 
Published: December 2021

W istotę prokury wpisane jest wielkie zaufanie jakim mocodawca darzyć powinien prokurenta, wszak ten szczególny pełnomocnik umocowany jest do dokonywania wszelkich czynności związanych z prowadzeniem przedsiębiorstwa, a negatywne konsekwencje nieroztropnych działań prokurenta dotkną samego przedsiębiorcę. W konsekwencji art. 1092 KC stanowi, że prokurentem może być wyłącznie osoba fizyczna posiadająca pełną zdolność do czynności prawnych. Przepisy KC nie zawierają jednak żadnych ograniczeń dotyczących przeszłości – w tym kryminalnej - kandydata na prokurenta. Natomiast z innych regulacji wynika, że uprzedni prawomocny wyrok sądu (skazujący za przestępstwo albo orzekający zakaz pełnienia funkcji) jest prawnie relewantny w kontekście prokury. Przepisy te znajdują się w różnorodnych aktach prawnych, różny jest zakres ich regulacji i skutki. Nie jest przy tym jasna aksjologia takich a nie innych rozwiązań, co powodować może dezorientację wśród przedsiębiorców.
SOSIALISASI BUDIDAYA IKAN LELE MUTIARA PADJADJARAN DI KELOMPOK PETERNAK LELE CILEUNYI
Authors: Buwono Ibnu Dwi , Iskandar Iskandar , Grandiosa Roffi 
Published: December 2021

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mendiseminasikan keunggulan lele mutiara Padjadjaran untuk memperbaiki pertumbuhan benih dan peningkatan produksi ikan lele yang terdapat pada kelompok peternak ikan lele Cileunyi (KPLC) di kecamatan Cileunyi Kelurahan Cimekar Kabupaten Bandung. Upaya ini dilakukan untuk menjamin ketersediaan benih terjamin terutama pada musim kemarau. Metode penyuluhan menggunakan pelatihan teori dan praktek lapang agar terjadi interaksi intensif antara peserta dengan fasilitator untuk kegiatan fisik di lokasi. Kegiatan pengabdian difokuskan kepada evaluasi pertumbuhan benih ikan lele mutiara Padjadjaran (lele transgenik G4) dan ikan lele mutiara non-transgenik sebagai kontrol yang dipelihara pada kolam hapa KPLC (out door) dan akuarium di hatchery (in door). Hasil pelatihan ini berhasil menarik minat pembudidaya lele KPLC untuk mengganti teknologi konvensional beralih ke teknologi baru yang diperkenalkan. Indikator keberhasilan ini ditunjukkan oleh meningkatnya pengetahuan, keinginan bekerja sama dan minat untuk membudidayakan ikan lele mutiara Padjadjaran. Pembesaran benih ikan lele mutiara Padjadjaran oleh pembudidaya menghasilkan pertumbuhan 87-100% lebih tinggi dibandingkan ikan lele biasa (non-transgenik). Produk ikan lele unggulan ini layak dan menguntungkan untuk dijadikan model percontohan pengembangan budidaya ikan lele pada masyarakat untuk menambah pendapatan sebagai usaha sampingan.