bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between weather factors and dengue in Dhaka: a time-series analysis
Authors: Shaheen Shafia 
Published: March 2021

Background: There was an epidemic of dengue fever that happened in Bangladesh in the year of 2019. Temperature of this country has been raising which leads to changing in rainfall pattern. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship of weather factors and dengue incidence in Dhaka.
Methods: A time series analysis was carried out by using 10 years weather data as average , maximum and minimum monthly temperature, average monthly humidity and average and cumulative monthly rainfall. Reported number of dengue cases was extracted from January 2009 to July 2019. Firstly, dengue incidence rate was calculated. Correlation analysis and negative binomial regression model was developed.
Results: Dengue incidence rate had sharp upward trend. Dengue incidence and mean, maximum and minimum average temperature showed statistically significant negative correlation at 3 months' lag. Highest incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) of dengue was found at minimum average temperature at 0 and I-month lag. Average humidity showed positive and significant correlation with dengue incidence at 0-month lag. Average and cumulative rainfall also showed negative and significant correlation only at 3-months lag period.
Conclusion: Weather variability influences dengue incidence and the association between the weather factors are non­ linear and not consistent. So the study findings should be evaluated area basis with other local factors to develop early warning for dengue epidemic prediction.
JOPSOM 2020; 39(1): 43-49
Corticosteroid treatment reduces headache in eosinophilic meningitis: a systematic review
Authors: Khamsai Sittichai , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak , Senthong Vichai , Limpawattana Panita , Chindaprasirt Jarin , Intapan Pewpan M , Maleewong Wanchai , Tiamkao Somsak , Chotmongkol Verajit , Ngamjarus Chetta 
Published: March 2021

Background: Eosinophilic meningitis (EOM) is an emerging parasitic disease that can be found worldwide, of which acute severe headache is a presenting symptom. Although such headaches may persist for up to 2 months, studies have found corticosteroid to be effective in reducing this symptom. As the most recent systematic review was published in 2015, the aim of this study was to provide a more up-to-date examination of the role of corticosteroids in EOM.
Methods: We included randomized controlled trials of corticosteroid treatment for EOM regardless of comparators. Research articles published in five databases were searched and evaluated. The primary outcome was headache, which was compared among various treatment regimens.
Results: We found a total of 257 articles after duplication removal. Of those, two met the study criteria. According to these studies, oral prednisolone alone or in a combination of albendazole resulted in fewer patients with headache after a 2-week course of treatment compared with placebo (maximum of 9.1% vs. 45.5%). The duration of headache was also shorter in the prednisolone arm vs. placebo (maximum of 5 vs. 13 days). There were no serious side effects reported.
Conclusion: A 2-week course of treatment with oral corticosteroid with or without albendazole reduced headaches in patients with EOM.
Distribution of Iron on FCC Catalyst and Its Effect on Catalyst Performance
Authors: Liao Yitao , Liu Tao , Du Xiaohui , Gao Xionghou 
Published: March 2021

The effects of different iron contamination content on the formation of iron nodules and the performance of FCC catalysts have been studied by cyclic deactivation treatment using iron naphthenate. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption, and SEM. The catalysts’ performance was evaluated by the Advanced Cracking Evaluation device. It has been found that there will be obvious nodulation on the catalyst when the iron concentration exceeds 7,400 μg/g. With the iron deposition from 53 μg/g to 11,690 μg/g, the crystal structure of zeolite will not be destroyed by iron. The surface area and pore volume of the catalyst decreased significantly; the surface area decreased from 125.3 m2/g to 91.0 m2/g, and the pore volume decreased from 0.21 cm3/g to 0.16 cm3/g. The studies also showed that the increase of iron deposition will lead to the decrease of catalytic reaction efficiency. With the iron deposition from 53 μg/g to 11,690 μg/g, the conversion decreased by 4.83%. Under the same 78 wt.% conversion, bottoms yield and coke yield increased by 2.15% and 1.31%, while gasoline yield and LCO yield decreased by 2.59% and 2.16%, respectively. The real state of the industrial iron contaminated equilibrium catalyst can be mimicked by using the cyclic deactivation method.
Prognostic Association of TERC, TERT Gene Polymorphism, and Leukocyte Telomere Length in Acute Heart Failure: A Prospective Study
Authors: Li Yanxiu , Cheang Iokfai , Zhang Zhongwen , Yao Wenming , Zhou Yanli , Zhang Haifeng , Liu Yun , Zuo Xiangrong , Li Xinli , Cao Quan 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundTelomere length and telomerase are associated in development of cardiovascular diseases. Study aims to investigate the associations of TERC and TERT gene polymorphism and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in the prognosis of acute heart failure (AHF).MethodsTotal 322 patients with AHF were enrolled and divided into death and survival group according to all-cause mortality within 18 months. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TERC and TERT were selected. Baseline characteristics, genotype distribution and polymorphic allele frequency, and genetic model were initially analyzed. Genotypes and the LTL were determined for further analysis.ResultsCompared to carrying homozygous wild genotype, the risk of death in patients with mutated alleles of four SNPs- rs12696304(G&gt;C), rs10936599(T&gt;C), rs1317082(G&gt;A), and rs10936601(T&gt;C) of TERC were significantly higher. The dominant models of above were independently associated with mortality. In recessive models, rs10936599 and rs1317082 of TERC, rs7726159 of TERT were independently associated with long-term mortality. Further analysis showed, in haplotype consisting with TERC - rs12696304, rs10936599, rs1317082, and rs10936601, mutant alleles CCAC and wild alleles GTGT were significant difference between groups (P&lt;0.05). CCAC is a risk factor and GTGT is a protective factor for AHF patients. Relative LTL decreased over age, but showed no difference between groups and genotypes.ConclusionsThe SNPs of TERC and TERT are associated with the prognosis of AHF, and are the independent risk factors for predicting 18-month mortality in AHF.
Incidence and Risk of Infection Associated With Fingolimod in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 8,448 Patients From 12 Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhao Zhao , Ma Chun-Lai , Gu Zhi-Chun , Dong Yue , Lv Yang , Zhong Ming-Kang 
Published: March 2021

Background and Aims: There is a controversy regarding whether fingolimod is associated with an increased risk of infection in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the risk of infection in these patients.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov from inception to April 8, 2020, to identify RCTs that reported the occurrence of infection in patients with MS treated with fingolimod. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model.Results: Twelve RCTs including 8,448 patients were eligible. Compared with the control (placebo and other active treatments), fingolimod significantly increased the risk of infection (RR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.07–1.27; I2, 81%), regardless of whether the infection was a general infection (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.25; I2, 78%), or a serious infection (RR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.06–2.10; I2, 0%). Analyses of subgroups found that fingolimod significantly increased the risk of lower respiratory infection (RR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.19–1.85; I2, 0%) and herpes virus infection (RR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.01–1.78; I2, 9%). There appears to be no dose-dependent increase in the risk of infection associated with fingolimod (0.5 mg: RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.07–1.25; I2, 91%; 1.25 mg: RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.97–1.28; I2, 81%; Pinteraction = 0.66).Conclusions: Compared with a placebo and other active treatments, fingolimod was associated with a 16% increase in the risk of infection, especially lower respiratory infection and herpes virus infection. The risk of infection associated with fingolimod might not be dose related.
Prevalence and Clinical Features of FOG in Chinese PD Patients, a Multicenter and Cross-Sectional Clinical Study
Authors: Gan Jing , Liu Weiguo , Cao Xuebing , Xie Anmu , Li Wentao , Yuan Canxing , Jin Lirong , Liu Suzhi , Jin Lingjing , Guo Dengjun , Shen Yuefei , Wu Yuncheng , Liu Zhenguo 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Freezing of gait (FOG) is generally considered as an independent symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) with a complex pathophysiology. There is a wide range of associated clinical features of FOG reported from different studies without consistent conclusion. Thus, a multicenter, cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the prevalence and clinical features of FOG together with its unique contribution quality of life in Chinese PD patients.Methods: Eight hundred and thirty eight PD patients were consecutively recruited into this study from 12 hospital centers in six provinces in China. Clinical information, including motor and neuropsychological features as well as pharmacological details, was collected.Results: Of 827 PD patients, 245 (29.63%) reported FOG. The prevalence of FOG was strongly correlated with modified H-Y stages and symptomatic duration (p &lt; 0.01). 84.90% freezers experienced FOG during turning and 88.98% experienced when initiating the first step. Compared with non-freezers, freezers reported longer disease duration (7.73 ± 5.44 vs. 4.69 ± 3.94, p &lt; 0.000), higher frequent PIGD phenotype (61.22 vs. 35.91%, p &lt; 0.000), higher scores of UPDRS III (32.85 ± 15.47 vs. 22.38 ± 12.89, p &lt; 0.000), HAMA (10.99 ± 7.41 vs. 7.59 ± 6.47, p &lt; 0.000), HAMD (15.29 ± 10.29 vs. 10.58 ± 8.97, p &lt; 0.000) and lower MMSE score (25.12 ± 5.27 vs. 26.63 ± 3.97, p &lt; 0.000), and higher daily levodopa dosage (432.65 ± 264.31 vs. 319.19 ± 229.15, p &lt; 0.000) with less frequent initial use of dopaminergic agonist (8.57 vs. 14.78%, p &lt; 0.05). Using binary logistic regression, the associated factors of FOG might be non-tremor dominant onset (OR = 3.817, p &lt; 0.000), the presence of anxiety (OR = 2.048, p &lt; 0.000) and imbalance (OR = 4.320, p = 0.012). Freezers had poorer quality of life than non-freezers and FOG impacted PDQ-8 independently.Conclusion: Nearly one third of the PD patients experienced FOG. Its frequency increased with PD progression and FOG reduced independently the quality of life. Non-tremor dominant, disease progression, and anxiety were risk factors of FOG.
Admission Dehydration Is Associated With Significantly Lower In-Hospital Mortality After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Gao Bin , Gu Hongqiu , Yu Wengui , Liu Shimeng , Zhou Qi , Kang Kaijiang , Zhang Jia , Li Zixiao , Zhao Xingquan , Wang Yongjun 
Published: March 2021

Background and Purpose: Our aim was to investigate the frequency of dehydration at admission and associations with in-hospital mortality in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods: Data of consecutive patients with ICH between August 2015 and July 2019 from the China Stroke Center Alliance (CSCA) registry were analyzed. The patients were stratified based on the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to creatinine (CR) ratio (BUN/CR) on admission into dehydrated (BUN/CR ≥ 15) or non-dehydrated (BUN/CR &lt; 15) groups. Data were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression models to investigate admission dehydration status and the risks of death at hospital.Results: A total number of 84,043 patients with ICH were included in the study. The median age of patients on admission was 63.0 years, and 37.5% of them were women. Based on the baseline BUN/CR, 59,153 (70.4%) patients were classified into dehydration group. Patients with admission dehydration (BUN/CR ≥ 15) had 13% lower risks of in-hospital mortality than those without dehydration (BUN/CR &lt; 15, adjusted OR = 0.87, 95%CI 0.78–0.96). In patients aged &lt;65 years, admission dehydration was associated with 19% lower risks of in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR = 0.81, 95%CI 0.70–0.94. adjusted p = 0.0049) than non-dehydrated patients.Conclusion: Admission dehydration is associated with significantly lower in-hospital mortality after ICH, in particular, in patients &lt;65 years old.
Role of Muscle Mass and Nutritional Assessment Tools in Evaluating the Nutritional Status of Patients With Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Pan Xi , Liu Hong , Feng Guo , Xiao Jie , Wang Meng , Liu Hua , Xie Xueyi , Rong Zhipeng , Wu Jinru , Liu Min 
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study was to explore the role and necessity of muscle mass [fat-free mass index (FFMI) and appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)] in nutritional status evaluation of patients with locally advanced (III, IVa) nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods: One hundred and thirty locally advanced NPC patients were recruited. Their nutritional status was assessed by albumin (ALB), body mass index (BMI), Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Patient generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), and muscle mass. Consistency test and McNemar test were used to evaluate the consistency of muscle mass with ALB, BMI, NRS 2002, and PG-SGA, and correlation analysis was performed on muscle mass and PG-SGA or BMI.Results: 61/130 (46.9%) of the patients had nutritional risks according to NRS 2002, 68/130 (53.1%) of the patients had malnutrition according to PG-SGA assessment. FFMI and ASMI could determine the loss of muscle mass that cannot be detected by albumin (30.2 and 65.6%), BMI (28.0 and 35.3%), NRS 2002 (26.1 and 25.0%), and PG-SGA (18.6 and 55.6%). McNemar test showed that the malnutrition results assessed by FFMI and BMI were inconsistent (P &lt;0.001), but further Pearson correlation analysis showed that BMI was positively correlated with FFMI (rs = 0.300, P = 0.001).Conclusion: The commonly used nutritional assessment scale/parameters cannot identify the muscle mass loss in patients with locally advanced NPC. Analysis of human body composition is important for nutritional assessment in patients with locally advanced NPC.
High Expression of Hyaluronan-Mediated Motility Receptor Predicts Adverse Outcomes: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lu Tianzhu , Zheng Yahan , Gong Xiaochang , Lv Qiaoli , Chen Junjun , Tu Ziwei , Lin Shaojun , Pan Jianji , Guo Qiaojuan , Li Jingao 
Published: March 2021

Background:Several studies have shown that the hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) is overexpressed in various cancers and could be a potential prognostic factor. However, further research is still required to determine the prognostic value and potential function of HMMR in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Materials and Methods:Transcriptomic expression data were collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus and the differences in HMMR expression between normal and tumor tissues were analyzed. The correlation between the methylation level of HMMR and its mRNA expression was analyzed via cBioPortal. Additionally, the data obtained from TCGA was analyzed with MethSurv to determine the prognostic value of the HMMR methylation levels in HNSCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and single sample GSEA (ssGSEA) were used to explore the potential biological functions of HMMR.Results:HMMR was highly expressed in HNSCC tumor tissue compared to normal tissue (p&lt; 0.001). Multivariate analysis (MAV) showed that high HMMR mRNA expression was an independent prognostic factor of overall survival (OS) in TCGA (HR = 1.628, 95% CI: 1.169–2.266,p= 0.004) and GSE41613 data (HR = 2.238,p= 0.013). The methylation level of HMMR negatively correlated with the HMMR expression (R= −0.12,p&lt; 0.001), and patients with low HMMR methylation had worse OS than patients with high methylation (p&lt; 0.001). GSEA found that HMMR expression was associated with the KARS, EMT, and G2M checkpoint pathways, as well as the interferon-gamma and interferon-alpha responses, whereas ssGSEA showed thatHMMRexpression positively correlated with the infiltration level of Th2 cells. MAV confirmed that high HMMR protein expression was an inferior independent factor for OS (HR = 2.288,p= 0.045) and progression-free survival (HR = 2.247,p= 0.038) in 70 HNSCC.Conclusions:This study demonstrated that the upregulation of HMMR mRNA and protein in HNSCC is a biomarker for poor prognosis. The biological functions of HMMR are potentially related to the KARS, EMT, and G2M checkpoint pathways, as well as the interferon-gamma and interferon-alpha responses. These findings help to elucidate the role of HMMR in carcinogenesis and lay a foundation for further study.
Clinical Features and Prognoses of IgG4-Positive and IgG4-Negative Lacrimal Lymphomas
Authors: Liu Rui , Wang Jinjin , Wang Nan , Li Jing , Ge Xin , Zhang Jingxue , Ma Jianmin 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The clinical characteristics and prognoses of immunoglobulin G4-positive (IgG4+) and IgG4-negative (IgG4−) lacrimal lymphomas were comparatively analyzed to screen for clinical indicators with differential diagnostic significance.Methods: This was a retrospective and single-center clinical study. From June 2011 to June 2018, clinical data of 39 patients with lacrimal lymphoma, diagnosed by histopathology were collected from the Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University.Results: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 (76.9%) were in the IgG4− group and 9 (23.1%) were in the IgG4+ group. In the IgG4+ group, the sex ratio of male to female was 2:1 and the mean age was 56.67 ± 13.29 years old. In the IgG4− group, the sex ratio of male to female was 3.29:1 and the mean age was 61.47 ± 12.87 years old. Statistical analysis of the clinical indicators showed significant differences between the two groups in affected eye, preoperative history of glucocorticoids, ocular nerve thickening, the expression of serum IgG4 and prognosis (P &lt; 0.05). There was no significant statistical difference in laboratory indicators between the two groups, including C3, C4, RF, ASO, CRP, IgA, IgM, IgG, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 (P &gt; 0.05). The event-free cumulative percentages at 3 and 5 years for the 39 lacrimal lymphomas were 81.1 and 62.4%, respectively, with recurrence and death as end events. In 34 lacrimal gland MALT lymphoma cases, the event-free cumulative percentages at 3 and 5 years were 84.4 and 69.1%, respectively. In the IgG4+ and IgG4− groups, the event-free cumulative percentages at 3 years were 75.0 and 87.7%, respectively. The event-free cumulative percentage at 5 years was 62.6% in the IgG4-group and insignificant in the IgG4+ group. There was no statistical difference in event-free cumulative percentage between the two groups (P = 0.983).Conclusion: The pathogenesis and disease characteristics of IgG4-positive lacrimal lymphoma may differ from IgG4-negative lacrimal lymphoma, but the positive expression of IgG4 may not have significant influence on the recurrence of lacrimal lymphoma.
Beginning Restorative Activities Very Early: Implementation of an Early Mobility Initiative in a Pediatric Onco-Critical Care Unit
Authors: Ghafoor Saad , Fan Kimberly , Williams Sarah , Brown Amanda , Bowman Sarah , Pettit Kenneth L. , Gorantla Shilpa , Quillivan Rebecca , Schwartzberg Sarah , Curry Amanda , Parkhurst Lucy , James Marshay , Smith Jennifer , Canavera Kristin , Elliott Andrew , Frett Michael , Trone Deni , Butrum-Sullivan Jacqueline , Barger Cynthia , Lorino Mary , Mazur Jennifer , Dodson Mandi , Melancon Morgan , Hall Leigh Anne , Rains Jason , Avent Yvonne , Burlison Jonathan , Wang Fang , Pan Haitao , Lenk Mary Anne , Morrison R. Ray , Kudchadkar Sapna R. 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionChildren with underlying oncologic and hematologic diseases who require critical care services have unique risk factors for developing functional impairments from pediatric post-intensive care syndrome (PICS-p). Early mobilization and rehabilitation programs offer a promising approach for mitigating the effects of PICS-p in oncology patients but have not yet been studied in this high-risk population.MethodsWe describe the development and feasibility of implementing an early mobility quality improvement initiative in a dedicated pediatric onco-critical care unit. Our primary outcomes include the percentage of patients with consults for rehabilitation services within 72 h of admission, the percentage of patients who are mobilized within 72 h of admission, and the percentage of patients with a positive delirium screen after 48 h of admission.ResultsBetween January 2019 and June 2020, we significantly increased the proportion of patients with consults ordered for rehabilitation services within 72 h of admission from 25 to 56% (p&lt;0.001), increased the percentage of patients who were mobilized within 72 h of admission to the intensive care unit from 21 to 30% (p=0.02), and observed a decrease in patients with positive delirium screens from 43 to 37% (p=0.46). The early mobility initiative was not associated with an increase in unplanned extubations, unintentional removal of central venous catheters, or injury to patient or staff.ConclusionsOur experience supports the safety and feasibility of early mobility initiatives in pediatric onco-critical care. Additional evaluation is needed to determine the effects of early mobilization on patient outcomes.