bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sentiment analysis from email pattern using feature selection algorithm
Authors: Srinivasarao Ulligaddala , Sharaff Aakanksha 
Published: November 2021

AbstractToday number of applications are available on mobile devices and computers for electronic mail (email) conversations. The demand for email communication is increasing day‐by‐day. Therefore the incoming and outgoing messages are also getting increased. However, extracting the sentiments from the emails is now demanding. Therefore in the proposed method, the pattern classification and sentiment clustering are carried out in two phases. Initially, the pattern classification is performed using support vector regression, then the sentiments from such classified patterns are clustered using a unsupervised fuzzy‐model‐based Gaussian clustering algorithm. Finally, the experimental analysis is performed in Python tool. The proposed sentiment clustering from email patterns has attained a better accuracy result of 97.13%, which is found higher than other existing techniques. Along with the parametric analysis, non‐parametric statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test is also carried out to identify the proposed sentiment analysis architecture's effectiveness.
Factors impacting university students' online learning experiences during the COVID‐19 epidemic
Authors: Su Chien‐Yuan , Guo Yuqing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDue to the COVID‐19 epidemic crisis, students from higher education institutions around the world are forced to participate in comprehensive online curriculums. In such a scenario, it is worth investigating how students perceived their learning outcomes and satisfaction based on this method of teaching and learning online. This study aims to explore the role of six factors, namely, system quality, course design, learner‐learner interaction, learner‐instructor interaction, learner‐content interaction, and self‐discipline, on university students' perceived learning outcomes and their effect on student satisfaction with online curricula during the COVID‐19 epidemic. A structural equation modelling technique was used to assess survey questionnaires obtained from 457 validated students at a Public University in China. The results demonstrated that these determinants had a positive effect on satisfaction and learning outcomes, whereas learner‐instructor interaction had no significant effect. Furthermore, the strongest determinant that affected not only students' satisfaction but also their learning outcomes was the learner‐content interaction.
Concordance of pharmacist versus patient responses regarding counselling in community pharmacy
Authors: Bucsa Camelia , Farcas Andreea , Udrea Mihaela , Bojita Marius , Mogosan Cristina , Leucuta Daniel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRationale and objectivesPatient counselling on medication is one of the activities that can and should be performed in community pharmacy. Patient counselling was proved to have a positive effect on clinical outcomes, quality of life, drug/disease knowledge, satisfaction and reduced health‐service utilization. Our objective was to assess the degree of concordance between the responses of patient and pharmacist on the same questions regarding provided counselling.MethodsData from two questionnaires containing a common block of 14 questions regarding the counselling provided on the medications use, safety concerns, storage, validity term, disposal and disease monitoring was paired and analysed. Questionnaires were paired based on a code and Kappa Cohen coefficient (KCc) and the prevalence adjusted biased adjusted kappa (PABAK) were calculated to evaluate the degree of concordance between pharmacist versus patient responses. The values of the KCc and PABAK were interpreted as per Altman.ResultsFor the 14 questions, data from 2047 to 2378 questionnaires collected from 520 community pharmacies in 10 of Romania's counties were analysed. The highest level of concordance (‘very good’) was achieved on the items regarding the counselling on the medicines' route of administration (PABAK = 0.88), time of administration (PABAK = 0.80) and dosage (PABAK = 0.82). The highest disagreement (week concordance) was found on the question regarding the counselling on the medicines adverse effects (PABAK = 0.01), where 44.8% of patients responded that they received counselling as compared to 93.1% of the pharmacists who responded that they offered counselling. For the rest of the questions, moderate concordance was found.ConclusionOverall a moderate level of concordance between patient and pharmacist responses was found on the majority of the questions, with the highest level found for drug use (dosage, route and time of administration). The highest discrepancy was found for the counselling on the medicines adverse effects.
Comparison of brachial artery flow‐mediated dilatation, uterine artery Doppler, and umbilical artery Doppler measurements in obese and normal pregnant women
Authors: Aksin Serif , Andan Cengiz , Tunc Seyhmus , Goklu Mehmet Rifat 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to compare vascular function at trimesters 1, 2, and 3 between obese and normal pregnant women through brachial artery flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD), uterine artery Doppler, and umbilical artery Doppler measurements.MethodsPregnant women between the ages of 18 and 40 who presented to our clinic were included. Brachial artery FMD, uterine and umbilical artery Doppler, and clinical parameters of 40 obese pregnant women from each trimester between 11 and 14 weeks, 24 and 28 weeks, 37 and 40 weeks and control pregnant group in the same number and gestational week were examined.ResultsIn all three trimesters, the FMD value was lower in obese pregnant women compared to normal women with adequate weight (p < 0.001). In obese pregnant women, lower FMD values were observed in the second trimester compared to other trimesters (p = 0.011) Cut‐off value of FMD below 14.35 in obese pregnant women was found to be associated with gestational diabetes mellitus. Uterine artery Doppler in obese pregnant women started to increase from the second trimester compared to normal women with adequate weight.ConclusionObese pregnant women have endovascular dysfunction compared to normal pregnant women and this becomes evident from the second trimester.
The effects of a periodontal ligament analogue on occlusal contact forces
Authors: deMoya Adrian V. , Schmidt Evan R. , Eckert George J. , Katona Thomas R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrevious bench‐top studies examined the details of the mechanical environment of rigidly fixed occluding teeth. It was demonstrated that during each chomp, contacting molar teeth experience in‐occlusal‐plane forces (Flateral) that are highly transient in magnitude and direction.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study are to identify Flateral behaviours that are attributable to the presence of a visco‐elastic periodontal ligament (PDL) analogue, and to assess the necessity of incorporating it into future studies.MethodsA weighted maxillary molar denture tooth was lowered onto, and raised from, a matching mandibular molar 10 times. The latter was supported by a load cell that continuously measured Flateral. For statistical purposes, the test was repeated with 21 (n = 21) different occlusal relationships obtained with 0.05 mm incremental shifts of the lower assembly.ResultsOverall, the results are similar to those of rigid attachment but the details of the Flateral profiles are very different.ConclusionThe PDL plays a major role in the mechanical environment of occlusion, suggesting that, in general (not necessarily always), it should be integrated into studies of occlusion.
Painful and non‐painful comorbidities associated with short‐ and long‐term painful temporomandibular disorders: A cross‐sectional study among adolescents from Brazil, Canada and France
Authors: Velly Ana Miriam , Botros Jack , Bolla Michèle Muller , Khan Khurram , Teixeira Junior Oscar Anacleto , Guimarães Antonio Sergio , Gornitsky Mervyn 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundTemporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain is common among adolescents. The association between painful TMD and other comorbidities has been demonstrated. However, the difference between short‐term (<6 months) and long‐term (≥ 6 months) painful TMD is not yet clear.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the association between comorbidities and short‐ and long‐term painful TMD among adolescents.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, adolescents were recruited from Montreal (Canada), Nice (France) and Arceburgo (Brazil). Self‐reported painful TMD, comorbidities, school absence and analgesic intake were assessed using reliable instruments. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the study aims.ResultsThe prevalence of short‐ and long‐term painful TMD was estimated at 22.29% and 9.93% respectively. The number of comorbidities was associated with short‐ (OR = 1.71, 95%CI = 1.53–1.90) and long‐term painful TMD (OR = 1.79, 95%CI = 1.55–2.08) compared to controls. Frequent headaches (ORshort‐term = 4.39, 95%CI = 3.23–5.98, ORlong‐term = 3.69, 95%CI = 2.45–5.57) and back pain (ORshort‐term = 1.46, 95%CI = 1.06–2.03, ORlong‐term = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.11–2.59) were associated with both painful TMD groups. Frequent neck pain (OR = 2.23, 95%CI = 1.53–3.26) and allergies were only associated with short‐term painful TMD (OR = 1.54, 95%CI = 1.13–2.10). Frequent stomach pain was related to long‐term (OR = 2.01, 95%CI = 1.35–3.26), and it was the only comorbidity significantly more frequent among the long than short‐term TMD (OR = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.14–2.90). These analyses were adjusted by sex, age and city.ConclusionIn this multi‐centre study, both short‐ and long‐term painful TMD are associated with frequent headaches and back pain, whereas frequent neck pain and allergies are related to only short‐term and frequent stomach pain with long‐term painful TMD.
Laboratory‐based surveillance of Candida auris in Colombia, 2016–2020
Authors: Escandón Patricia , Cáceres Diego H. , Lizarazo Diana , Lockhart Shawn R. , Lyman Meghan , Duarte Carolina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundSince the first report of Candida auris in 2016, the Colombian Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS) has implemented a national surveillance of the emerging multidrug‐resistant fungus.ObjectivesThis report summarises the findings of this laboratory‐based surveillance from March 2016 to December 2020.ResultsA total of 1720 C. auris cases were identified, including 393 (23%) colonisation cases and 1327 (77%) clinical cases. Cases were reported in 20 of 32 (62%) departments of Colombia and involved hospitals from 33 cities. The median age of patients was 34 years; 317 (18%) cases were children under 16 years, 54% were male. The peak number of cases was observed in 2019 (n = 541). In 2020, 379 (94%) of 404 cases reported were clinical cases, including 225 bloodstream infections (BSI) and 154 non‐BSI. Among the 404 cases reported in 2020, severe COVID‐19 was reported in 122 (30%). Antifungal susceptibility was tested in 379 isolates. Using CDC tentative breakpoints for resistance, 35% of isolates were fluconazole resistant, 33% were amphotericin B resistant, and 0.3% isolates were anidulafungin resistant, 12% were multidrug resistant, and no pan‐resistant isolates were identified.ConclusionFor five years of surveillance, we observed an increase in the number and geographic spread of clinical cases and an increase in fluconazole resistance. These observations emphasise the need for improved measures to mitigate spread.
Dreams from the Trap: Trap music as a site of liberation
Authors: Crawford Claire B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis article makes a case for trap music as a form of political engagement and political mobilization for young Black folks. I use the concept of Fanonian freedom to unpack the complex politics of recognition that trap music holds for Black liberation.MethodsUsing a case study of Lil Baby's (2020) “The Bigger Picture” as emblematic of the political possibilities of trap music, I demonstrate how trap music functions as a mode of liberation when seen through Fanon's framework.ResultsLike Black spiritual and political anthems before it, trap music represents a powerful but often dismissed political tool of Black liberation. I suggest that social scientists who study social movements and politics must recognize aurality—in this case, Black Southern aurality—as a communal well of liberatory pursuit and infrapolitical realities.ConclusionMainstream social scientific definitions of “politics” as state‐centered must be expanded to recognize the power of cultural representation and everyday acts, especially by the most dispossessed groups in society, such as young Black folk in the urban South. Such inaccurate social scientific conceptualizations uphold exclusionary logics that can alienate the dispossessed from political engagement and, ultimately, further blame them for this alienation.
Pedagogies of the Senses Multimodal Strategies for Unsettling Visual Anthropology
Authors: Dattatreyan Ethiraj Gabriel , Marrero‐Guillamón Isaac 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDrawing from our experiences teaching the subdiscipline of visual anthropology, we coin the term pedagogies of the senses to refer to a series of teaching strategies aimed at unsettling anthropology's visual archive through sonic displacements, figure–background reversals, and redactions. We argue for an attention to how experiments with the senses in the visual anthropology classroom have the capacity to actively interrupt colonial visual regimes, disrupt universalizing assumptions regarding the nature of knowledge transmission, and, in so doing, foster opportunities for a more inclusive classroom engagement by centering affects that are often sidelined.
The Regularity of Stress Shielding in Internal Fixation Characterized by Hydromechanics
Authors: Li Yu , Fei Han , Wang Jun , Li Ting , Feng Yihui , Huan Yong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Stress shielding is an important factor in the internal fixation of a fracture. To explore the regularity of stress shielding in internal fixation, a simplified model of a comminuted femoral shaft fracture bridged by a locking plate was established and finite element analysis was performed to analyze the load distribution between the plate and femur from the proximal end of the femur to the fracture line and investigate the stress shielding degree of the plate on the bone. The stress, deformation, and axial compressive force distribution of four internal fixation schemes under compression were obtained, and the stress shielding degrees on each section was calculated. To compare the regularity of stress shielding and flow distribution, the relationship between the compressive force increment and stress shielding degree was established. The normalized curves of compressive force increment with the plate section position were compared with the flow distribution in a Z-type manifold, a parallel pipe system similar to an internal fixation system in structure and working characteristics. For quantitative comparison, the similarity between normalized curves of the compressive force increment and simulated flow distribution was calculated. The regularity of load distribution along the section position of the plate was similar to the flow distribution in the Z-type manifold. Therefore, the flow distribution pattern of the Z-type manifold can be used to characterize the regularity of load distribution in internal fixation. This study provided a new method to characterize the stress shielding degree of a locking plate on bone.
Identifying Vulnerable Impact Locations to Reduce the Occurrence of Deadly Commotio Cordis Events in Children's Baseball: A Computational Approach
Authors: Dickey Grant J. , Bian Kewei , Liu Xingyu , Khan Habib R. , Mao Haojie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Commotio cordis is the second leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Currently available chest protectors on the market are ineffective in preventing cases of commotio cordis in young athletes who play baseball. This study focused on using contour maps to identify specific baseball impact locations to the chest that may result in instances of commotio cordis to children during baseball games. By identifying these vulnerable locations, we may design and develop chest protectors that can provide maximum protection to prevent commotio cordis in young athletes. Simulation cases were run using the validated CHARM-10 chest model, a detailed finite element model representing an average 10-year-old child's chest. A baseball model was developed in company with the chest model, and then used to impact the chest at different locations. A 7 × 8 impact location matrix was designed with 56 unique baseball impact simulations. Left ventricle strain and pressure, reaction force between the baseball and chest, and rib deformations were analyzed. Left ventricle strain was highest from baseball impacts directly over the left ventricle (0.34) as well as impacts slightly lateral and superior to the cardiac silhouette (0.34). Left ventricle pressure was highest with impacts directly over the left ventricle (82.94 kPa). We have identified the most dangerous impact locations resulting in high left ventricle strain and pressure. This novel study provided evidence of where to emphasize protective materials for establishing effective chest protectors that will minimize instances of commotio cordis in young athletes.
Trackability for Discrete-Time Linear Time-Invariant Systems: A Brief Review and New Insights
Authors: Kadam Sujay D. , Palanthandalam-Madapusi Harish J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Trackability is a known system property and has been studied extensively in the literature both from a theoretical standpoint and from the standpoint of constructing inversion-based tracking controllers. There is also a significant body of literature on closely related ideas focusing on existence of tracking control inputs but using varied terminology and tools. In this paper, we start with the existence question, given an linear time-invariant (LTI) discrete-time system, when does there exists control inputs to enable the system to track arbitrary reference commands. We adopt an algebraic approach that then allows us to define the sets of all trackable output reference commands and untrackable output reference commands, and subsequently permitting us to determine conditions for existence of a right inverse of the system based on these sets and a simple rank test. These results permit us to then gain insights into tracking behavior of systems that are not trackable. We discuss in some detail the relationship of these rank tests with other results in the literature. We also define three indices that indicate the expected tracking behavior of any given system (whether trackable or not). Furthermore, we also present a Venn diagram explaining in detail the connections between trackability and other fundamental system properties like controllability, observability and output controllability, while discussing several facts that elaborate these connections. The presented work is expected to provide a framework for receiving new theoretical insights on the topic of tracking control and trackability.
Study on k−ω−Shear Stress Transport Corrections Applied to Airfoil Leading-Edge Roughness Under RANS Framework
Authors: Gutiérrez R. , Llorente E. , Ragni D. , Aranguren P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A computational fluid dynamics study is carried out to model the effects of distributed roughness at the airfoil leading-edge using the equivalent sand grain approach and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. The turbulence model k−ω−shear stress transport (SST) is selected to emulate a fully turbulent flow. Three k and ω boundary conditions are studied to model roughness effects. One refers to Wilcox's boundary condition and the other two refer to Aupoix's boundary conditions. Besides, Hellsten's correction is used to ensure Wilcox's boundary condition compatibility with the shear stress transport limiter. After validating the implementation of these boundary conditions, they are applied to three different airfoils. One of them is a thick airfoil with industrial relevance. For this airfoil, Wilcox's boundary condition significantly underestimates the roughness impact on aerodynamic coefficients. The pressure gradient simplification in Wilcox's boundary condition formulation is the driving factor behind this effect. The pressure gradient effect on Aupoix's boundary condition is minimal.
Diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound examination for local staging of cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Yu , Luo Hong 
Published: November 2021

Aim: Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) has shown varying results in the staging of cervical cancer patients around the world. Hence, the current review was done to assess the diagnostic accuracy of TVUS for identifying parametrial, stromal invasion and lymph node metastasis among cervical cancer patients.Material and methods: We conducted a systematic search for all studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy of TVUS for staging of cervical cancer in the databases of PubMed Central, MEDLINE, EMBASE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS and Cochrane library from inception till March 2021. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA software “midas” package.Results: Eleven studies with 760 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of TVUS for diagnosing parametrial invasion were 62% (95% CI, 40-80) and 91% (95% CI, 79-97), for stromal invasion were 84% (95% CI, 77-90) and 80% (95% CI, 61-91), for lymph node metastasis were 52% (95% CI, 8-93) and 95% (95% CI, 68-99). There was significant heterogeneity found with all the outcomes with significant chi-square test and I2 statistic >75%.Conclusion: TVUS has limited applicability and use as a screening or diagnostic tool for local staging of cervical cancer patients. Further reviews comparing multiple non-invasive imaging modalities are required to pick the best tool for local staging of cervical cancer.
Role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease in children: a report of three cases
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Tanami Yutaka , Sato Yumiko , Nambu Ryusuke , Iwama Itaru , Oguma Eiji 
Published: November 2021

Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is defined as IBD onset before 6 years of age and some cases are caused by unique monogenic disorders that require specific treatments such as stem cell transplantation. We identified three children with VEO-IBD of whom two had monogenic disorders. In cases 1 and 2, ultrasound revealed isolated colonic distribution and the loss of wall stratification. In case 3, mesentery inflammation was evident. Bowel ultrasound showed variable findings due to differences in the inflammation distribution within the bowel. In order to diagnose VEO-IBD, sonographersshould carefully evaluate the intestinal wall thickness and stratification and the distribution of inflammation in the intestine and mesentery. These findings may aid the diagnosis of VEO-IBD.