bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Stretchable Shape Memory Self-Soldering Conductive Tape with Reversible Adhesion Switched by Temperature
Authors: Wang Mengyan , Zhang Quan , Bo Yiwen , Zhang Chunyang , Lv Yiwen , Fu Xiang , He Wen , Fan Xiangqian , Liang Jiajie , Huang Yi , Ma Rujun , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: May 2021

Highlights

Shape memory self-soldering tape used as conductive interconnecting material.

Perfect shape and conductivity memory performance and anti-fatigue performance.

Reversible strong-to-weak adhesion switched by temperature.

Abstract
With practical interest in the future applications of next-generation electronic devices, it is imperative to develop new conductive interconnecting materials appropriate for modern electronic devices to replace traditional rigid solder tin and silver paste of high melting temperature or corrosive solvent requirements. Herein, we design highly stretchable shape memory self-soldering conductive (SMSC) tape with reversible adhesion switched by temperature, which is composed of silver particles encapsulated by shape memory polymer. SMSC tape has perfect shape and conductivity memory property and anti-fatigue ability even under the strain of 90%. It also exhibits an initial conductivity of 2772 S cm−1 and a maximum tensile strain of ~ 100%. The maximum conductivity could be increased to 5446 S cm−1 by decreasing the strain to 17%. Meanwhile, SMSC tape can easily realize a heating induced reversible strong-to-weak adhesion transition for self-soldering circuit. The combination of stable conductivity, excellent shape memory performance, and temperature-switching reversible adhesion enables SMSC tape to serve two functions of electrode and solder simultaneously. This provides a new way for conductive interconnecting materials to meet requirements of modern electronic devices in the future.
Periodic points of post-critically algebraic holomorphic endomorphisms
Authors: LE VAN TU 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA holomorphic endomorphism of

${{\mathbb {CP}}}^n$
is post-critically algebraic if its critical hypersurfaces are periodic or preperiodic. This notion generalizes the notion of post-critically finite rational maps in dimension one. We will study the eigenvalues of the differential of such a map along a periodic cycle. When

$n=1$
, a well-known fact is that the eigenvalue along a periodic cycle of a post-critically finite rational map is either superattracting or repelling. We prove that, when

$n=2$
, the eigenvalues are still either superattracting or repelling. This is an improvement of a result by Mattias Jonsson [Some properties of 2-critically finite holomorphic maps of P2. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.18(1) (1998), 171–187]. When

$n\geq 2$
and the cycle is outside the post-critical set, we prove that the eigenvalues are repelling. This result improves one obtained by Fornæss and Sibony [Complex dynamics in higher dimension. II. Modern Methods in
Complex Analysis (Princeton, NJ, 1992) (Annals of Mathematics Studies, 137). Ed. T. Bloom, D. W. Catlin, J. P. D’Angelo and Y.-T. Siu, Princeton University Press, 1995, pp. 135–182] under a hyperbolicity assumption on the complement of the post-critical set.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, comorbid psychopathology, behaviour problems and gastrointestinal symptoms in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Leader Geraldine , Moore Roisín , Chen June L. , Caher Aoife , Arndt Sophia , Maher Leanne , Naughton Katie , Clune Reanna , Mannion Arlene 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectives:The study aims to investigate attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, comorbid psychopathology and behaviour problems in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Methods:Parents of 147 children and adolescents with ASD aged 6–18 years completed the Conners 3 Parent-Short Form, Gastrointestinal Symptom Inventory, Behavior Problems Inventory-Short Form and Autism Spectrum Disorder-Comorbid for Children.Results:Fifty-six per cent of children and adolescents had a comorbid diagnosis of ADHD, yet over 70% presented with clinically significant ADHD symptoms. Forty per cent of participants received a diagnosis of ADHD before ASD and 25.6% received a diagnosis of ASD first. Relationships were found between ADHD symptoms and comorbid psychopathology, GI symptoms, and behaviour problems.Conclusions:The outcomes suggest that ADHD is being underestimated as a comorbid disorder of ASD. This may have implications on treatment and interventions for children and adolescents who have a diagnosis of both ASD and ADHD.
RADIOCARBON DATING OF ST. GEORGE’S ROTUNDA IN NITRIANSKA BLATNICA (SLOVAKIA): INTERNATIONAL CONSORTIUM RESULTS
Authors: Povinec Pavel P , Cherkinsky Alexander , Dorica Jozef , Hajdas Irka , Jull A J Timothy , Kontuľ Ivan , Molnár Mihály , Svetlik Ivo , Wild Eva Maria 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTAn international consortium of radiocarbon (14C) laboratories was established to date the origin of the St. George’s Rotunda in Nitrianska Blatnica (Slovakia), because its age was not well established in previous investigations. Altogether, 20 samples of wood, charcoal, mortar and plaster were analyzed. The 14C results obtained from the different laboratories as well as between the different sample types were in good agreement, resulting in a 14C calibrated age of 783–880 AD (94.2% probability) for the Rotunda. Although the 14C results have very good precision, the specific plateau-shape of the calibration curve in this period caused the wide range of the calibrated age. The probability distribution from OxCal calibration shows, however, that about 86% of the probability distribution lies in the period before 863 AD, implying that the Rotunda could have been constructed before the arrival of Constantine (St. Cyril) and St. Methodius to Great Moravia. The Rotunda thus probably represents the oldest standing purpose-built Christian church in the eastern part of Central Europe.
GROUPS WITH MANY PRONORMAL SUBGROUPS
Authors: FERRARA MARIA , TROMBETTI MARCO 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA subgroup H of a group G is pronormal in G if each of its conjugates
$H^g$
in G is conjugate to it in the subgroup
$\langle H,H^g\rangle $
; a group is prohamiltonian if all of its nonabelian subgroups are pronormal. The aim of the paper is to show that a locally soluble group of (regular) cardinality in which all proper uncountable subgroups are prohamiltonian is prohamiltonian. In order to obtain this result, it is proved that the class of prohamiltonian groups is detectable from the behaviour of countable subgroups. Examples are exhibited to show that there are uncountable prohamiltonian groups that do not behave very well. Finally, it is shown that prohamiltonicity can sometimes be detected through the analysis of the finite homomorphic images of a group.
Does diet map with mortality? Ecological association of dietary patterns with chronic disease mortality and its spatial dependence in Switzerland
Authors: Pestoni Giulia , Karavasiloglou Nena , Braun Julia , Krieger Jean-Philippe , Sych Janice M. , Bopp Matthias , Faeh David , Gruebner Oliver , Rohrmann Sabine 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe investigated the associations between dietary patterns and chronic disease mortality in Switzerland using an ecological design and explored their spatial dependence, i.e. the tendency of near locations to present more similar and distant locations to present more different values than randomly expected. Data of the National Nutrition Survey menuCH (n2057) were used to compute hypothesis- (Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)) and data-driven dietary patterns. District-level standardised mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated using the Swiss Federal Statistical Office mortality data and linked to dietary data geographically. Quasipoisson regression models were fitted to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and chronic disease mortality; Moran’sIstatistics were used to explore spatial dependence. Compared with the first, the fifth AHEI quintile (highest diet quality) was associated with district-level SMR of 0·95 (95 % CI 0·93, 0·97) for CVD, 0·91 (95 % CI 0·88, 0·95) for ischaemic heart disease (IHD), 0·97 (95 % CI 0·95, 0·99) for stroke, 0·99 (95 % CI 0·98, 1·00) for all-cancer, 0·98 (95 % CI 0·96, 0·99) for colorectal cancer and 0·93 (95 % CI 0·89, 0·96) for diabetes. The Swiss traditional and Western-like patterns were associated with significantly higher district-level SMR for CVD, IHD, stroke and diabetes (ranging from 1·02 to 1·08) compared with the Prudent pattern. Significant global and local spatial dependence was identified, with similar results across hypothesis- and data-driven dietary patterns. Our study suggests that dietary patterns partly contribute to the explanation of geographic disparities in chronic disease mortality in Switzerland. Further analyses including spatial components in regression models would allow identifying regions where nutritional interventions are particularly needed.
The Effects of Dehumanizing Attitudes about Black People on Whites’ Voting Decisions
Authors: Jardina Ashley , Piston Spencer 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPolitical scientists have long noted the key role racial attitudes can play in electoral politics. However, the 2016 election of Donald Trump raises questions about prevailing theories of racial attitudes and their political effects. While existing research focuses on ‘cultural’ or ‘modern’ forms of racial prejudice, this article argues that a sizeable portion of White Americans, disturbingly, dehumanize Black people: that is, they view Black people as less than fully human. Unsurprisingly, given the blatant racism of Donald Trump's campaign, this study also demonstrates that dehumanizing attitudes toward Black people are more strongly associated with support for Trump than with support for other candidates in the 2016 Republican primary. The authors also find evidence that dehumanizing attitudes toward Black people bolstered Donald Trump's vote share among Whites in the 2016 presidential election. Finally, dehumanizing attitudes are negatively associated with Whites' evaluations of Barack Obama, even after holding standard measures of racial prejudice constant. These findings suggest that a fundamental form of racism – dehumanizing attitudes toward Black people – can powerfully shape candidate evaluations and voting decisions in the twenty-first century.
Individual differences in memory predict changes in breakdown and repair fluency but not speed fluency: A short-term fluency training intervention study
Authors: Suzuki Yuichi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this intervention study is to reveal the extent to which memory-related aptitudes are implicated in the second language (L2) fluency development fostered by task repetition. English L2 learners are engaged in oral narrative tasks three times per day under two different 3-day task repetition schedules: blocked (Day 1: A-A-A, Day 2: B-B-B, Day 3: C-C-C) versus interleaved (Day 1: A-B-C, Day 2: A-B-C, Day 3: A-B-C). Their phonological short-term memory (PSTM), attention control, and associative memory were used as predictors of fluency changes measured through speed, breakdown, and repair fluency behaviors. Results showed that while the articulation rate change was not explained by any of the examined predictors, breakdown and repair fluency were predicted by different memory components. Specifically, PSTM was associated with mid-clause pause decrease during the training phase, while associative memory was linked to the increase in clause-final pauses in the posttest. Attention control, as well as PSTM, was related to greater repair frequency in the posttest, indicating increased learners’ attention to speech monitoring. Furthermore, PSTM and associative memory contributed to reducing breakdown fluency in the blocked repetition condition only, suggesting that learners can capitalize on their memory for improving oral fluency by engaging in blocked practice.
Bimodal mobility actuated by inertial forces with surface elastic bodies in microgravity
Authors: Nagaoka Kenji , Kaneko Toshiyasu , Yoshida Kazuya 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper presents bimodal mobility actuated by inertial forces with elastic bodies for an exploration robot in a microgravity environment. The proposed bimodal locomotion mechanism can selectively achieve vibration propulsion or rotational hopping mode based on centrifugal force and reaction torque exerted by the control of a single eccentric motor, where the rotational hopping is the primary locomotion mode for practical applications. The bimodal mobility performance under microgravity is experimentally examined using an air-floating testbed. Furthermore, we also present theoretical modeling of the bimodal mobility system, and the model is verified by comparison with the experiments.
On the cohomology of Kobayashi’s plus/minus norm groups and applications
Authors: LIM MENG FAI 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe plus and minus norm groups are constructed by Kobayashi as subgroups of the formal group of an elliptic curve with supersingular reduction, and they play an important role in Kobayashi’s definition of the signed Selmer groups. In this paper, we study the cohomology of these plus and minus norm groups. In particular, we show that these plus and minus norm groups are cohomologically trivial. As an application of our analysis, we establish certain (quasi-)projectivity properties of the non-primitive mixed signed Selmer groups of an elliptic curve with good reduction at all primes abovep. We then build on these projectivity results to derive a Kida formula for the signed Selmer groups under a slight weakening of the usualµ = 0 assumption, and study the integrality property of the characteristic element attached to the signed Selmer groups.
Quasi-Nelson algebras and fragments
Authors: Rivieccio Umberto , Jansana Ramon 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe variety of quasi-Nelson algebras (QNAs) has been recently introduced and characterised in several equivalent ways: among others, as (1) the class of bounded commutative integral (but non-necessarily involutive) residuated lattices satisfying the Nelson identity, as well as (2) the class of (0, 1)-congruence orderable commutative integral residuated lattices. Logically, QNAs are the algebraic counterpart of quasi-Nelson logic, which is the (algebraisable) extension of the substructural logic ℱℒew (Full Lambek calculus with Exchange and Weakening) by the Nelson axiom. In the present paper, we collect virtually all the results that are currently known on QNAs, including solutions to certain questions left open in earlier publications. Furthermore, we extend our study to some subreducts of QNAs, that is, classes of algebras corresponding to fragments of the algebraic language obtained by eliding either the implication or the lattice operations.
Making every contact count: recognising obesity in paediatric and young adult cardiology
Authors: Smith Aaron E. , Bharucha Tara , Marino Luise V. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroduction:With increased survival, children with CHD are reaching adulthood, however, obesity amongst this cohort is an emerging problem. Making every contact count encourages clinicians to utilise contact to elicit behaviour change. The aim of this work was to identify whether the body habitus of children classified as obese was addressed during a clinical review.Methods:A retrospective observational cohort study was completed using a cardiology outpatient dataset from 2010 to 2019. Inclusion criteria are all children with a body mass index z score classified as obese (≥ 2 z scores). Individual electronic patient records were reviewed to identify long-term anthropometric measures including (i) recognition of body habitus, (ii) prescription of physical activity or dietary intervention, and (iii) referral to a weight management programme or dietitian.Results:From the cohort of 95 patients, 285 “obese clinical encounters” were identified, at the time of a cardiology clinic attendance. Of those, obesity was acknowledged in 25 clinic letters (8.65%), but only 8 used the correct terms “obese” or “obesity” (2.77%). Action to tackle obesity was recorded in 9.3% of cases with a direct referral to a dietitian being made on 3 occasions (1.04%).Conclusions:Body habitus is not being routinely addressed by cardiologists caring for paediatric and young adult cardiac patients. This study has recognised an alarmingly high incidence of missed opportunities to make every contact count, to manage those with obesity and associated risk factors.
Research Career Paths Among Political Scientists in Teaching Institutions
Authors: Hill Kim Quaile 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTConsiderable work assesses research productivity in political science. Yet, the latter work has not explicated how research careers can differ across time and individuals and neither has it considered such careers in teaching institutions. This article presents an empirically validated typology for research career paths for political scientists who began their career in a teaching institution. The typology demonstrates that many scholars follow paths different from the most conventional expectations, and research “success” by measures of publications and citations is associated with only some of those paths. Thus, existing research on aggregate publications and citations likely addresses only a subset of the career paths described here. Understanding research activities in our profession requires accounting for various career paths, their motivations, and their place in our research community.
Economic evaluation of a farm-to-Special Supplemental Nutrition Programme for Women, Infants and Children intervention promoting vegetable consumption
Authors: Di Noia Jennifer , Monica Dorothy , Jensen Helen H , Sikorskii Alla 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the cost and cost-effectiveness of a farm-to-Special Supplemental Nutrition Programme for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) intervention to promote vegetable intake and the redemption of WIC vouchers for produce purchases at farmers’ markets.Design:An economic analysis was undertaken using data from a pilot of the intervention. Vegetable intake was assessed with a reflection spectroscopy device (the Veggie Meter® [VM]) and via self-report. Voucher redemption was reported by WIC. Total and per participant intervention costs and cost-effectiveness ratios (expressed as cost per intervention effect) were estimated in 2019 US dollars over a 6-month period from the perspective of the agency implementing the intervention.Setting:A large, urban WIC agency.Participants:Participants were 297 WIC-enrolled adults.Results:Post-intervention, VM scores, self-reported vegetable intake and voucher redemption were higher in the intervention as compared with the control study group. Over the 6-month period, intervention costs were $31 092 ($194 unit cost per participant). Relative to the control group, the intervention cost $8·10 per increased VM score per participant, $3·85 per increased cup/d of vegetables consumed per participant and $3·29 per increased percentage point in voucher redemption per participant.Conclusions:Intervention costs and cost-effectiveness ratios compared favourably with those reported for other interventions targeting vegetable intake in low-income groups, suggesting that the programme may be cost effective in promoting vegetable purchases and consumption. As there is no benchmark against which to compare cost-effectiveness ratios expressed as cost per unit of effectiveness, conclusions regarding whether this is the case must await further research.
Receiving advice from a health professional and action taken to reduce dietary sodium intake among adults
Authors: Woodruff Rebecca C , Overwyk Katherine J , Cogswell Mary E , Fang Jing , Jackson Sandra L 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective:Population reductions in Na intake could prevent hypertension, and current guidelines recommend that clinicians advise patients to reduce intake. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of taking action and receiving advice from a health professional to reduce Na intake in ten US jurisdictions, including the first-ever data in New York state and Guam.Design:Weighted prevalence and 95 % CI overall and by location, demographic group, health status and receipt of provider advice using self-reported data from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System optional Na module.Setting:Seven states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and Guam.Participants:Adults aged ≥ 18 years.Results:Overall, 53·6 % (95 % CI 52·7, 54·5) of adults reported taking action to reduce Na intake, including 54·8 % (95 % CI 52·8, 56·7) in New York and 61·2 % (95 % CI 57·6, 64·7) in Guam. Prevalence varied by demographic and health characteristic and was higher among adults who reported having hypertension (72·5 %; 95 % CI 71·2, 73·7) v. those who did not report having hypertension (43·9 %; 95 % CI 42·7, 45·0). Among those who reported receiving Na reduction advice from a health professional, 82·6 % (95 % CI 81·3, 83·9) reported action v. 44·4 % (95 % CI 43·4, 45·5) among those who did not receive advice. However, only 24·0 % (95 % CI 23·3, 24·7) of adults reported receiving advice from a health professional to reduce Na intake.Conclusions:The majority of adults report taking action to reduce Na intake. Results highlight an opportunity to increase Na reduction advice from health professionals during clinical visits to better align with existing guidelines.
Seed Germination Ecology of South Eastern Australian Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) Populations
Authors: Thompson Michael , Mahajan Gulshan , Chauhan Bhagirath S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Herbicide resistance is an increasing issue in many weed species, including rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin); a major weed of winter cropping systems in southern Australia. Recently, this weed has also been found in summer crops in the south eastern region of Australia. Effective control of this herbicide resistant weed across south eastern Australia requires alternative management strategies. These strategies can be informed from analyses on the interaction of germinable seeds with their regional environment and by identifying the differences between populations of varying herbicide resistance levels. In this study, we explore how various environmental factors differentially affect the seed germination and seedling emergence of three L. rigidum populations, including one glyphosate-resistant population (GR), one glyphosate-susceptible population (GS) and one population of unknown resistance status (CC04). Germination was greater than 90% for all populations at each temperature regime except 15/5 C. Populations germinated at a lower rate under 15/5 C, ranging from 74 to 87%. Salt stress had a similar effect on the germination of all populations, with 0% germination occurring at 250 mM salt stress. Population GS had greater tolerance to osmotic stress with 65% germination at −0.4 MPa compared to 47% and 43% germination for CC04 and GR, respectively; however, germination was inhibited at −0.8 and −1.6 MPa for all populations. All populations had lower germination when placed in complete darkness as opposed to alternating light/dark. Germination in darkness was lower for CC04 (69%) than GR (83%) and GS (83%). Seedling emergence declined with increasing burial depth but retained 37% emergence at 8 cm when averaged over the populations. These results indicate that L. rigidum Gaud. can survive under a range of environmental variables and the extent of survival differs based on population, however, there was no difference based on herbicide resistance status.