bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical investigation of critical lip thickness of subsonic co-flowing jet
Authors: R. Naren Shankar , V.G. Ganesan , N. Dilip Raja , K. Sathish Kumar , K. Vijayaraja 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The effect of increasing lip thickness (LT) and Mach number on subsonic co-flowing Jet (CFJ) decay at subsonic and correctly expanded sonic Mach numbers has been analysed experimentally and numerically in this study. This study aims to a critical LT below which mixing enhances and above which mixing inhibits.

Design/methodology/approach
LT is the distance, separating the primary nozzle and the secondary duct, present in the co-flowing nozzle. The CFJ with LT ranging from 2 mm to 150 mm at jet exit Mach numbers of 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 were studied in detail. The CFJ with 2 mm LT is used for comparison. Centreline total pressure decay, centreline static pressure decay and near field flow behaviour were analysed.

Findings
The result shows that the mixing enhances until a critical limit and a further increase in the LT does not show any variation in the jet mixing. Beyond this critical limit, the secondary jet has a detrimental effect on the primary jet, which deteriorates the process of mixing. The CFJ within the critical limit experiences a significantly higher mixing. The effect of the increase in the Mach number has marginal variation in the total pressure and significant variation in static pressure along the jet axis.

Practical implications
In this study, the velocity ratio (VR) is maintained constant and the bypass ratio (BR) was varied from low value to very high values for subsonic and correctly expanded sonic. Presently, commercial aircraft engine operates under these Mach numbers and low to ultra-high BR. Hence, the present study becomes essential.

Originality/value
This is the first effort to find the critical value of LT for a constant VR for a Mach number range of 0.6 to 1.0, compressible CFJ. The CFJs with constant VR of unity and varying LT, in these Mach number range, have not been studied in the past.
Best practices for implementing industrialized construction projects: lessons from nine case studies
Authors: Wuni Ibrahim Yahaya , Shen Geoffrey Qiping , Darko Amos 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Industrialized construction (IC) leverages manufacturing principles and innovative processes to improve the performance of construction projects. Though IC is gaining popularity in the global construction industry, studies that establish the best practices for implementing IC projects are scarce. This study aims to benchmark practical lifecycle-based best practices for implementing IC projects.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used a qualitative research design where nine IC cases from Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong were analysed to identify best practices. The methodological framework of the study followed well-established case study research cycle and guidelines, including planning, data collection, data analysis and reflection on findings.

Findings
The study identified and allocated key considerations, relevant stakeholders, best practices, typical deliverables and best indicators to the different construction lifecycle phases of IC projects. It also developed a lifecycle-based framework of the best practices for IC projects.

Practical implications
The study provides practitioners with practical insight into how best to effectively implement, manage and evaluate the performance of the IC project lifecycle phases. The proposed framework can serve as a practical diagnostic tool that enables project partners to evaluate the performance upfront progressively and objectively in each project lifecycle phase, which may inform timely corrective actions.

Originality/value
The study’s novelty lies in developing a framework that identifies and demonstrates the dynamic linkages among different sets of best practices, typical outputs and best practice indicators across the IC project lifecycle phases.
Labour remuneration in the healthcare sector of Ukraine in terms of decent work concept
Authors: Tsymbaliuk Svitlana , Shkoda Tetiana 
Published: August 2021

PurposeHigh European standards of life quality are declared in a set of legislative documents in Ukraine, but the rewarding policy for the healthcare employees because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease remains not fully implemented. The purpose of the study is to develop indicators, standards and methods of assessing rewarding policies for healthcare employees in terms of providing decent labour remuneration that are useful for all stakeholders of the healthcare sector in Ukraine.Design/methodology/approachThe study proposes the methodical foundations of developing evaluation tools of rewarding policies for implementing the decent work concept at the sectoral level.FindingsThe findings identify the complex indicator of decent labour remuneration in the healthcare sector in Ukraine, which is 0.185. It proves that the level of the decent labour remuneration of the healthcare employees in Ukraine is at the low level.Practical implicationsThe study provides the important recommendations for all policymakers in the healthcare sector in different countries in the context of diagnosing the problems in the rewarding policies and determining the directions for improvement in terms of implementation of the decent work principles.Originality/valueBy proposing and calculating the main methodical foundations of evaluation tools development of rewarding policies in the context of realisation of the decent work concept at the sectoral level, the study fills a void in the decent labour remuneration and the labour economics theory literature.
Dusty hybrid nanofluid flow over a shrinking sheet with magnetic field effects
Authors: Waini Iskandar , Ishak Anuar , Pop Ioan , Nazar Roslinda 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the Cu-Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid flow over a shrinking sheet in the presence of the magnetic field and dust particles.Design/methodology/approachThe governing partial differential equations for the two-phase flow of the hybrid nanofluid and the dust particles are reduced to ordinary differential equations using a similarity transformation. Then, these equations are solved using bvp4c in MATLAB software. The bvp4c solver is a finite-difference code that implements the three-stage Lobatto IIIa formula. The numerical results are gained for several values of the physical parameters. The effects of these parameters on the flow and the thermal characteristics of the hybrid nanofluid and the dust particles are analyzed and discussed. Later, the temporal stability analysis is used to determine the stability of the dual solutions obtained as time evolves.FindingsThe outcome shows that the flow is unlikely to exist unless satisfactory suction strength is imposed on the shrinking sheet. Besides, the heat transfer rate on the shrinking sheet decreases with the increase of . However, the increase in and lead to enhance the heat transfer rate. Two solutions are found, where the domain of the solutions is expanded with the rising of, and. Consequently, the boundary layer separation on the surface is delayed in the presence of these parameters. Implementing the temporal stability analysis, it is found that only one of the solutions is stable as time evolves.Originality/valueThe dusty fluid problem has been widely studied for the flow over a stretching sheet, but only limited findings can be found for the shrinking counterpart. Therefore, this study considers the problem of the dusty fluid flow over a shrinking sheet containing Cu-Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid with the effect of the magnetic field. In fact, this is the first study to discover the dual solutions of the dusty hybrid nanofluid flow over a shrinking sheet. Also, further analysis shows that only one of the solutions is stable as time evolves.
Gender socialization – an inhibitor of potential in capable poor urban women: a review on capability perspective in Malaysia
Authors: Gopal Parthiban S. , Sathyanarayanan Gayathri 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the severe impact on the abilities of urban poor women such as education skills, entrepreneurship qualities, employment skills, creative abilities and social skills, as they face many challenges like inequitable access to work and unacceptable living conditions influenced by an underlying mind-set in the society driven by gender socialization. Though there have been changes in the way we perceive the abilities of urban poor women from being a homemaker to participating in employment and access to education, one cannot deny that discrimination and bias based on gender socialization still exists in the society.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses secondary data through a systematic review where the inclusion criteria were framed on the basis of relevance, credibility and heterogeneity. However, as this is a concept paper, the study is bereft of empirical data.

Findings
In most cases, the ability and potential of women, such as educational skills, entrepreneurship qualities, employment skills, creative abilities and social skills, go unnoticed or, more often, not taken into consideration. Predominantly influenced by gender roles, not all abilities and skills are associated with women; this kind of labelling process refers to gender socialization. Ongoing in society for a long time to an extent, it has been accepted consciously or subconsciously by men and women. As a result, urban poor women, in particular, are further deprived of their capabilities, directly affecting their personal growth and economic status.

Originality/value
Poverty affects men, women, boys and girls, but it is experienced differently by people of different ages, ethnicities, family roles and sex. Moreover, due to women’s biology, social and cultural gender roles and culturally constructed subordination, they are labelled with specific roles dictated by various social agents; This labelling process refers to gender socialization. As a result, capable women with untapped skills, abilities and potential to learn, work, earn, play and develop are ignored or suppressed; hence, they go unnoticed, further intensifying poverty among poor urban women.
Determinants of juvenile crime: evidence from India
Authors: Hazra Devika 
Published: August 2021

PurposeUsing data from 2009–2016 across 31 states and union territories, this paper investigates determinants of juvenile delinquency in India as well as explores the nature of the complex relationship between economic variables and crime rate.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs a panel corrected standard error model due to the presence of heteroskedasticity and contemporaneous correlation. Additionally, due to possible feedback effect from independent variables resulting in endogeneity, a two-step generalized method of moments (GMM) is utilized to estimate a system of equations.FindingsEstimation results indicate that macroeconomic factors – GSDP per capita and adult unemployment rate – are significant in explaining the juvenile crime rate in India. Higher poverty rate and percentage of slums were found to increase juvenile crime. This paper also demonstrates the harmful effects that domestic violence has on juvenile delinquency. Finally, education has a deterring impact on crimes relating to juveniles but deterrence factors do not.Originality/valueWhile some implications are consistent with those found in previous studies of crime in developed and developing countries, the analysis in this paper also reveals unique results. For example, the adult unemployment rate was negatively correlated with juvenile crime, and an increase in police density exhibits a positive association with the juvenile crime rate. Further analysis of crimes by type (property and violent) reveals additional insights. In addition to that, contrary to hypothesis, by employing GMM estimation, the paper finds no evidence of a negative impact of juvenile delinquency on economic growth.
Analysis of enterprise risk management practices in Malaysianwaqfinstitutions
Authors: Yakob Rubayah , Bangaan Abdullah Mohd Hafizuddin-Syah , Yakob Sajiah , Yakob Nooraida , Md. Razali Nurul Hidayah , Mohamad Hairolanuar 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study aims to assess enterprise risk management (ERM) practices inwaqfinstitutions (WIs) along with their strengths and weaknesses; highlight ERM trends in WIs; and determine the best ERM practices for these institutions.Design/methodology/approachData were collected via structured interviews with nine WI managers in Malaysia. A standardised questionnaire was adopted for the interviews, which focussed on ERM implementation in WIs. The collected data were analysed in three steps, namely, data reduction, data display and verification/conclusion. The frequency distribution of these data were then illustrated and the mean values and differences of the studied groups/variables were examined.FindingsWIs have a sub-optimal ERM implementation, whose aspects need to be improved over time. These institutions have focussed on their ERM practices at the strategic level yet ignored those at the operational level. Specifically, WI officers have well-defined internal environments and objectives, but risk monitoring, which ensures effective implementation of ERM, is lacking. The presence of risk management committees and units may be linked with the successful implementation of ERM. However, ERM knowledge and top management support do not show clearly associations with ERM implementation. WIs should focus on improving their ERM implementation governance.Research limitations/implicationsFindings underscore the need for WIs to launch a formal ERM programme and for relevant stakeholders to create the appropriate infrastructures that support ERM implementation, including amended rules, ERM policies and allocated funds for training and education, to promote ERM implementation knowledge and awareness. The successful implementation of ERM not only improves the service quality, sustainability and performance of WIs but also promotes the nationalwaqfagenda as a key economic driver.Originality/valueERM in non-profit organisations, such as WIs, has received limited research attention relative to that in profit-driven organisations despite having unique risks. To the best of the knowledge, this study is the first to identify those trends that explain ERM practices and to determine the ERM best practices of WIs.
Remote support to victims of violence against women and domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Caridade Sónia Maria Martins , Saavedra Rosa , Ribeiro Rita , Oliveira Ana Cristina , Santos Manuela , Almeida Iris Sofia , Soeiro Cristina 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to characterize the type of support provided to victims of violence against women and domestic violence (VAWDV) during the first lockdown, assessing the training of professionals to use remote support (RS).

Design/methodology/approach
This cross-sectional study involves a sample of 196 support professionals, mainly women (91.8%) and who integrate the Portuguese National Support Network for victims of domestic violence (NSNVDV) (Mean age = 36.49; SD = 10.52).

Findings
Telephone emerges as the main RS communication media used in the lockdown (43.9%) and the emergency state periods (57.1%). Participants reported to have never used any social applications (41.8% vs 41.8%) or videoconference (46.4% vs 58.2%), in both periods assessed, i.e. lockdown and emergency state, respectively, and 82.7% assumed to have no training with RS to assist VAWDV victims. However, support professionals recognized several advantages in using RS such as dealing with isolation, reducing inhibition, fear and shame and in promoting the victims’ empowerment.

Research limitations/implications
Given the exploratory nature of this study, only descriptive analyzes were conducted.

Originality/value
During the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about effective RS given by professionals to victims of VAWDV in the Portuguese context. The paper aims to add knowledge to the studied field.
Improving awareness of energy conservation: Rocky Mountain City
Authors: Keller Sarah , Otjen A.J. , McNally Mary , Wilkinson Timothy J. , Dockery Brenda , Leonard Jennifer , Southworth Hayley 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this research project was to improve public awareness to improve public awareness of the importance of energy conservation and to improve the use of simple conservation strategies. A thorough evaluation of the net gain from the numerous energy campaigns rolled out to the public every year is lacking. This study conducted pre- and post-campaign surveys and focus groups to evaluate one campaign’s impact on self-reported energy behaviors.

Design/methodology/approach
The campaign used television public service announcements and a website to improve awareness of the city’s efforts to conserve energy and to increase individual energy conservation practices. Focus groups (n = 40) were used to identify common barriers to conservation, and pre- and post-surveys (n = 533, 479) were conducted to evaluate the campaign’s effectiveness.

Findings
Results indicated that the campaign increased positive changes in changing light bulbs and confidence in taking action to turn down thermostats, unplug devices and turn off lights. While follow-up research is needed on the precise mechanism of the psychological process at work, the findings are consistent with the concepts of self and response efficacy as needed components of any behavior change. The authors advocate the adoption of research-informed message design to maximize communication campaign effects.

Originality/value
This paper demonstrates how the combination of three prominent persuasion theories can be used to develop behavior change campaigns. Also, it is one of the few studies to evaluate the effectiveness of the Energy Star campaign.
Towards a political theory of data justice: a public good perspective
Authors: Kwok Chi , Chan Ngai Keung 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This study aims to develop an interdisciplinary political theory of data justice by connecting three major political theories of the public good with empirical studies about the functions of big data and offering normative principles for restricting and guiding the state’s data practices from a public good perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on three major political theories of the public good – the market failure approach, the basic rights approach and the democratic approach – and critical data studies, this study synthesizes existing studies on the promises and perils of big data for public good purposes. The outcome is a conceptual paper that maps philosophical discussions about the conditions under which the state has a legitimate right to collect and use big data for public goods purposes.

Findings
This study argues that market failure, basic rights protection and deepening democracy can be normative grounds for justifying the state’s right to data collection and utilization, from the perspective of political theories of the public good. The state’s data practices, however, should be guided by three political principles, namely, the principle of transparency and accountability; the principle of fairness; and the principle of democratic legitimacy. The paper draws on empirical studies and practical examples to explicate these principles.

Originality/value
Bringing together normative political theory and critical data studies, this study contributes to a more philosophically rigorous understanding of how and why big data should be used for public good purposes while discussing the normative boundaries of such data practices.
Corruption, asset origin and the criminal case of money laundering in Indonesian law
Authors: Ali Mahrus , Nurhidayat Syarif , Prabowo Muhammad Shidqon , Muhammad Rusli 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This study aims to investigate Indonesian regulation of Article 69 of the Money Laundering Criminal Act (TPPU) related to proving predicate crimes, as it leaves a debate whether it must be proven beforehand or not.

Design/methodology/approach
This research is a normative juridical study, in addition to examining the views of criminal law experts on the formulation of Article 69 of the TPPU Law; it is also extended to the practice of prosecution and court decisions in TPPU cases.

Findings
The results of this study show that there are two views related to the obligation to not prove the corruption in the ML case. The first view states that the origin of corruption must be proven, especially because ML is a follow-up crime, so it is necessary to prove corrosive crime as one of the predicate offenses. The second view states that the predicate offense of corruption does not have to be proven beforehand because TPPU is an independent offense.

Originality/value
This research focuses on analyzing whether or not it is obligatory to prove the original crime of corruption in the money laundering case.
Demand for money laundering in developing countries and its deterrence: a quantitative analysis
Authors: Javaid Anam , Arshed Noman 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Money laundering is an activity where illegal proceeds are hidden. This often leads to a reduction in government revenue and loss of government control of public funds. This study aims to identify the important sources of growing demand for money laundering in developing countries. Further, it identifies the factors that reduce the impact of sources of demand for money laundering.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used the panel approach of feasible generalized least square to investigate the growing demand for money laundering in 62 developing countries and provides a moderation-based solution for managing the demand factors.

Findings
The empirical results of this study indicate that there are two sources that increase the demand for money laundering in developing countries. This includes a high tax rate on profit linked with private firms and businesses and diversion of public funds related to government officials and politicians. The results indicate that profit tax and diversion of funds increase the demand for money laundering. The profit tax-based money laundering can be moderated by the quality of the education system and the diversion of public funds and money laundering can be moderated using bureaucracy quality.

Originality/value
This is one of the first studies to empirically estimate the impact of two important sources (i.e. diversion of public funds by government officials and politicians and a high tax rate) that create demand for money laundering in developing countries. The findings help developing countries’ governments formulate policies and curb the growing demand for money laundering.