bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pencapaian Maqasid Syariah melalui pelaksanaan sistem pengurusan kualiti berasaskan Syariah MS1900: Kajian kes di Pusat Zakat Melaka
Authors: Siti Arni Basir  , Hasan Al-Banna Mohamed  , Muhammad Firdaus Zakaria  
Published: December 2021

Sistem Pengurusan Kualiti Berasaskan Syariah MS 1900 dilaksanakan di pelbagai sektor di Malaysia termasuklah sektor perkhidmatan awam, korporat, perkilangan, perhotelan, penjagaan kesihatan, pengajian tinggi, agensi pentadbiran Islam dan pusat zakat. Objektif penyelidikan ini adalah untuk mengkaji pencapaian Maqasid Syariah melalui pelaksanaan Sistem Pengurusan Kualiti Berasaskan Syariah MS 1900. Institusi yang dipilih untuk kajian ini ialah Pusat Zakat Melaka. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melibatkan informan yang terdiri daripada pihak pengurusan dan para pegawai yang terlibat dengan pelaksanaan MS 1900. Hasil kajian menunjukkan pelaksanaan MS 1900 telah membantu pencapaian Maqasid Syariah iaitu memelihara kepentingan masyarakat melalui pemeliharaan iman, nyawa, akal, keturunan dan harta. Hasil kajian ini telah menyumbang kepada pembangunan ilmu berkenaan dengan pelaksanaan Sistem Kualiti Berasaskan Syariah dalam membantu pencapaian Maqasid Syariah di Malaysia.
Las emociones de niños y adolescentes frente a la educación virtual debido a la crisis sanitaria
Authors: Flores Vélez Ángela Rosario , Cedeño Macías Leticia , Cedeño Zambrano Rosalyn , Vera Moreira Ángela Katherine 
Published: December 2021

Introducción. Ante la emergencia sanitaria provocada por el COVID 19, el sector educativo se tornó completamente virtual, con el objetivo de dar solución a la cuarentena que impedía que los alumnos asistieran a las aulas. Con este nuevo sistema educativo, impuesto a la fuerza de la necesidad, surgieron nuevos desafíos provocados por el rápido cambio, para el que ni docentes ni estudiantes estaban preparados. Ante esta situación, surge la problemática de conocer ¿Cuáles son las emociones de los niños y adolescentes frente a la educación virtual debido a la crisis sanitaria provocada por la pandemia del covid-19? Objetivo. Determinar las emociones que experimentan los niños y adolescentes frente a la educación virtual debido a la crisis sanitaria provocada por esta pandemia. Metodología. este trabajo se basa en una investigación de enfoque cualitativo de tipo etnográfico, en virtud de que buscó describir la situación actual de los niños y adolescentes en relación a las emociones que experimentaban frente a la educación virtual por la crisis sanitaria. Resultados. Los resultados mostraron que los niños, niñas y adolescentes evidencian sentimientos y emociones como la sorpresa, alegría y entusiasmo, pero también se hallaron sentimientos de miedo y frustración, que los niños experimentan ante el hecho de no poseer el servicio de internet y dispositivos tecnológicos, Conclusión. Se concluyó que los niños y adolescentes enfrentan diferentes emociones, tanto positivas como negativas, sin embargo, la mayoría de ellos sienten miedro y frustración por un sistema de estudios que no entienden, para el que no están preparados ni cuentan con las herramientas necesarias.
Relationship Between Heart Rate Variability and Pulse Rate Variability Measures in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Chen Yung-Sheng , Lin Yi-Ying , Shih Chun-Che , Kuo Cheng-Deng 
Published: December 2021

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) and pulse rate variability (PRV) measures are two kinds of physiological indices that can be used to evaluate the autonomic nervous function of healthy subjects and patients with various kinds of illness.Purpose: In this study, we compared the agreement and linear relationship between electrocardiographic signals (ECG)-derived HRV and photoplethysmographic signals (PPG)-derived right hand PRV (R-PRV) and left hand PRV (L-PRV) measures in 14 patients over 1 year after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.Method: The ECG and PPG signals of the patient were recorded simultaneously for 10 min in a supine position. The last 512 stationary RR intervals (RRI) and peak-to peak intervals (PPI) of pulse wave were derived for data analysis. Bland-Altman plot was used to assess the agreement among HRV and both hand PRV measures, while linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship among corresponding measures of HRV, R-PRV, and L-PRV.Result: The results revealed significant differences in total power (TP), very low-frequency power (VLF), low-frequency power (LF), high-frequency power (HF), and normalized VLF (VLFnorm) among HRV, R-PRV, and L-PRV. Bland-Altman plot analysis showed good agreements in almost all measures between R-PRV and L-PRV, except insufficient agreement was found in LF/HF. Insufficient agreements were found in root mean square successive difference (RMSSD), normalized HF (HFnorm), and LF/HF indices between HRV and L-PRV, and in VLFnorm, HFnorm, and LF/HF indices between HRV and R-PRV. Linear regression analysis showed that the HRV, R-PRV, and L-PRV measures were all highly correlated with one another (r = 0.94 ~ 1; p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Though PRV measures of either hand are not surrogates of HRV measures, they might still be used to evaluate the autonomic nervous functions of CABG patients due to the moderate to good agreements in most time-domain and frequency-domain HRV measures and the strong and positive correlations among HRV and both hands PRV measures in CABG patients.
Nutritional Risk Index Improves the GRACE Score Prediction of Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Ma Xiao-Teng , Shao Qiao-Yu , Li Qiu-Xuan , Yang Zhi-Qiang , Han Kang-Ning , Liang Jing , Shen Hua , Liu Xiao-Li , Zhou Yu-Jie , Wang Zhi-Jian 
Published: December 2021

Background: Malnutrition has been shown to be associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in many patient populations.Aims: To investigate the prognostic significance of malnutrition as defined by nutritional risk index (NRI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and whether NRI could improve the GRACE score based prognostic models.Methods: This study applied NRI among 1,718 patients with ACS undergoing PCI. Patients were divided into three nutritional risk groups according to their baseline NRI: no nutritional risk (NRI ≥ 100), mild nutritional risk (97.5 ≤ NRI &lt;100), and moderate-to-severe nutritional risk (NRI &lt;97.5). The primary endpoint was the composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause death, non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or unplanned repeat revascularization.Results: During a median follow-up of 927 days, 354 patients developed MACE. In the overall population, compared with normal nutritional status, malnutrition was associated with increased risk for MACE [adjusted HR for mild and moderate-to-severe nutritional risk, respectively: 1.368 (95%CI 1.004–1.871) and 1.473 (95%CI 1.064–2.041)], and NRI significantly improved the predictive ability of the GRACE score for MACE (cNRI: 0.070, P = 0.010; IDI: 0.005, P &lt; 0.001). In the diabetes subgroup, malnutrition was associated with nearly 2-fold high adjusted risk of MACE, and the GRACE score combined with NRI appeared to have better predictive ability than that in the overall population.Conclusion: Malnutrition as defined by NRI was independently associated with MACE in ACS patients who underwent PCI, especially in individuals with diabetes, and improved the predictive ability of the GRACE score based prognostic models.
Influence of Supraglacial Debris Thickness on Thermal Resistance of the Glaciers of Chandra Basin, Western Himalaya
Authors: Patel Lavkush Kumar , Sharma Parmanand , Singh Ajit , Oulkar Sunil , Pratap Bhanu , Thamban Meloth 
Published: December 2021

A large number of glaciers in the Hindu-Kush Himalaya are covered with debris in the lower part of the ablation zone, which is continuously expanding due to enhanced glacier mass loss. The supraglacial debris transported over the melting glacier surface acts as an insulating barrier between the ice and atmospheric conditions and has a strong influence on the spatial distribution of surface ice melt. We conducted in-situ field measurements of point-wise ablation rate, supraglacial debris thickness, and debris temperature to examine the thermal resistivity of the debris pack and its influence on ablation over three glaciers (Bara Shigri, Batal, and Kunzam) in Chandra Basin of Western Himalaya during 2016–2017. Satellite-based supraglacial debris cover assessment shows an overall debris covered area of 15% for Chandra basin. The field data revealed that the debris thickness varied between 0.5 and 326 cm, following a spatially distributed pattern in the Chandra basin. The studied glaciers have up to 90% debris cover within the ablation area, and together represent ∼33.5% of the total debris-covered area in the basin. The supraglacial debris surface temperature and near-surface air temperature shows a significant correlation (r = &gt; 0.88, p = &lt; 0.05), which reflects the effective control of energy balance over the debris surface. The thermal resistivity measurements revealed low resistance (0.009 ± 0.01 m2°C W−1) under thin debris pack and high resistance (0.55 ± 0.09 m2°C W−1) under thick debris. Our study revealed that the increased thickness of supraglacial debris significantly retards the glacier ablation due to its high thermal resistivity.
Investigation of the Molecular Mechanism of Coagulopathy in Severe and Critical Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Elieh Ali Komi Daniel , Rahimi Yaghoub , Asghari Rahim , Jafari Reza , Rasouli Javad , Mohebalizadeh Mehdi , Abbasi Ata , Nejadrahim Rahim , Rezazadeh Farzin , Shafiei-Irannejad Vahid 
Published: December 2021

Coagulopathy is a frequently reported finding in the pathology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the molecular mechanism, the involved coagulation factors, and the role of regulatory proteins in homeostasis are not fully investigated. We explored the dynamic changes of nine coagulation tests in patients and controls to propose a molecular mechanism for COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. Coagulation tests including prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), fibrinogen (FIB), lupus anticoagulant (LAC), proteins C and S, antithrombin III (ATIII), D-dimer, and fibrin degradation products (FDPs) were performed on plasma collected from 105 individuals (35 critical patients, 35 severe patients, and 35 healthy controls). There was a statically significant difference when the results of the critical (CRT) and/or severe (SVR) group for the following tests were compared to the control (CRL) group: PTCRT (15.014) and PTSVR (13.846) (PTCRL = 13.383, p &lt; 0.001), PTTCRT (42.923) and PTTSVR (37.8) (PTTCRL = 36.494, p &lt; 0.001), LACCRT (49.414) and LACSVR (47.046) (LACCRL = 40.763, p &lt; 0.001), FIBCRT (537.66) and FIBSVR (480.29) (FIBCRL = 283.57, p &lt; 0.001), ProCCRT (85.57%) and ProCSVR (99.34%) (ProCCRL = 94.31%, p = 0.04), ProSCRT (62.91%) and ProSSVR (65.06%) (ProSCRL = 75.03%, p &lt; 0.001), D-dimer (p &lt; 0.0001, χ2 = 34.812), and FDP (p &lt; 0.002, χ2 = 15.205). No significant association was found in the ATIII results in groups (ATIIICRT = 95.71% and ATIIISVR = 99.63%; ATIIICRL = 98.74%, p = 0.321). D-dimer, FIB, PT, PTT, LAC, protein S, FDP, and protein C (ordered according to p-values) have significance in the prognosis of patients. Disruptions in homeostasis in protein C (and S), VIII/VIIIa and V/Va axes, probably play a role in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy.
Coupled Assessment of Fire Behavior and Firebrand Dynamics
Authors: Thomas Jan C. , Mueller Eric V. , Gallagher Michael R. , Clark Kenneth L. , Skowronski Nicholas , Simeoni Albert , Hadden Rory M. 
Published: December 2021

The hazards associated with firebrands have been well documented. However, there exist few studies that allow for the hazard from a given fire to be quantified. To develop predictive tools to evaluate this hazard, it is necessary to understand the conditions that govern firebrand generation and those that affect firebrand deposition. A method is presented that allows for time-resolved measurements of fire behavior to be related to the dynamics of firebrand deposition. Firebrand dynamics were recorded in three fires undertaken in two different ecosystems. Fire intensity is shown to drive firebrand generation and firebrand deposition—higher global fire intensities resulting in the deposition of more, larger firebrands at a given distance from the fire front. Local firebrand dynamics are also shown to dominate the temporal firebrand deposition with periods of high fire intensity within a fire resulting in firebrand shower at deposition sites at times commensurate with firebrand transport. For the range of conditions studied, firebrand deposition can be expected up to 200 m ahead of the fire line based on extrapolation from the measurements.
Monitoring and Predicting Treatment Response of Extraocular Muscles in Grave's Orbitopathy by 99mTc-DTPA SPECT/CT
Authors: Jiang Chengzhi , Deng Zilong , Huang Jin , Deng Haoyu , Tan Jia , Li Xinhui , Zhao Min 
Published: December 2021

Objective: To investigate single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) for assessing inflammation in the extraocular muscles (EOMs) and predicting the therapeutic efficacy of periocular glucocorticoid therapy (PGT) for Grave's ophthalmopathy (GO).Materials and Methods: A total of 412 eyes from 206 patients with GO referred for 99mTc-DTPA orbital SPECT/CT were enrolled. Fourteen age- and gender-matched healthy controls (28 eyes) were included. The thickness and uptake ratio (UR) of four EOMs were derived from SPECT/CT. Eighty-six eyes from patients with GO patients received PGT. Changes in SPECT/CT parameters were evaluated between the pre- and post-treatment.Results: 195 eyes and 217 eyes were classified as active and inactive stages by clinical activity score (CAS). Values of the thickness and UR of each EOM, Tmax, and Umax were all significantly higher in the active GO than in the inactive GO and controls (p &lt; 0.01). Among the 86 eyes (48 GO patients) included in the efficacy analysis, 56 eyes and 30 eyes were classified as responders and non-responders. Values of thicknesses and UR of each EOM, the maximum thickness (Tmax), and the maximum UR (Umax) all dropped following PGT in the responders (p &lt; 0.01). Logistic regression analysis identified the Umax as an independent predictor for the responders (p &lt; 0.01). Moreover, the Umax demonstrated incremental predictive value over clinical characters and CAS, as evidenced by the improved area under the curve (0.85 vs. 0.78) and global chi-square (34.12 vs. 18.1).Conclusion:99mTc-DTPA SPECT/CT has the potential to assess inflammatory activity by detecting the involvement of EOMs in GO. Pre-treatment UR provides independent and incremental values for the prediction of PGT treatment response.
High-Resolution Image Analysis Reveals a Decrease in Lens Thickness and Cone Density in a Cohort of Young Myopic Patients
Authors: Xin Xiaoyu , Guo Qingge , Ming Shuai , Liu Changgeng , Wang Zhongfeng , Lei Bo 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To study the association between axial length (AL) and the thickness of the lens, retina, choroid, and cone density with swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and an adaptive optics (AO) fundus camera.Design: A prospective cross-sectional study.Methods: This study included 136 eyes in 68 subjects. SS-OCT was used to quantify the thickness of the lens, ganglion cell complex (GCC) layer, inner nuclear layer (INL), outer retinal layer (ORL), and choroid layer. Adaptive optics was used to quantify spatial features of the cone photoreceptors, including density, spacing, regularity, and dispersion. The associations among the AL and the thickness of lens, retina, choroid, and cone features were evaluated with linear regression.Results: With the severity of myopia, the increased AL was associated with thinning of the lens (P &lt; 0.001, 95% CI: −100.42 to −49.76). The thickness of the ORL and choroid decreased significantly (all P &lt; 0.001), whereas the thickness of the GCC and INL decreased only in the outer ring (both P &lt; 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the cone density/spacing and AL (both P &lt; 0.001). Although cone density was reduced from 25,160/mm2 to 19,134/mm2 in the inner region and from 17,458/mm2 to 13,896/mm2 in the outer region, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 or greater.Conclusions: We found that the lens thickness (LT), ORL, and cone density decreased in myopia. While decreasing cone density and ORL thickness should be related to axial elongation, decreasing of LT might imply intrinsic physical accommodation. These results provide further morphological changes of myopia.
Metabolic Signature of Leukocyte Telomere Length in Elite Male Soccer Players
Authors: Al-Muraikhy Shamma , Sellami Maha , Domling Alexander S , Rizwana Najeha , Agouni Abdelali , Al-Khelaifi Fatima , Donati Francesco , Botre Francesco , Diboun Ilhame , Elrayess Mohamed A 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Biological aging is associated with changes in the metabolic pathways. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a predictive marker of biological aging; however, the underlying metabolic pathways remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic alterations and identify the metabolic predictors of LTL in elite male soccer players.Methods: Levels of 837 blood metabolites and LTL were measured in 126 young elite male soccer players who tested negative for doping abuse at anti-doping laboratory in Italy. Multivariate analysis using orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS), univariate linear models and enrichment analyses were conducted to identify metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with LTL. Generalized linear model followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were conducted to identify top metabolites predictive of LTL.Results: Sixty-seven metabolites and seven metabolic pathways showed significant associations with LTL. Among enriched pathways, lysophospholipids, benzoate metabolites, and glycine/serine/threonine metabolites were elevated with longer LTL. Conversely, monoacylglycerols, sphingolipid metabolites, long chain fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were enriched with shorter telomeres. ROC analysis revealed eight metabolites that best predict LTL, including glutamine, N-acetylglutamine, xanthine, beta-sitosterol, N2-acetyllysine, stearoyl-arachidonoyl-glycerol (18:0/20:4), N-acetylserine and 3-7-dimethylurate with AUC of 0.75 (0.64–0.87, p &lt; 0.0001).Conclusion: This study characterized the metabolic activity in relation to telomere length in elite soccer players. Investigating the functional relevance of these associations could provide a better understanding of exercise physiology and pathophysiology of elite athletes.
Characterization of Two Ferroptosis Subtypes With Distinct Immune Infiltration and Gender Difference in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ma Junfu , Hu Xin , Yao Yanxin , Wu Liuxing , Sheng Chao , Chen Kexin , Liu Ben 
Published: December 2021

Background: Iron is an essential nutrient involved in the redox cycle and the formation of free radicals. The reprogramming of iron metabolism is the main link to tumor cell survival. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death associated with cancer; the characteristics of ferroptosis in cancers are still uncertain. This study aimed to explore the application value and gender difference of ferroptosis in prognosis and immune prediction to provide clues for targeted therapy of gastric cancer.Methods: We comprehensively evaluated the ferroptosis levels of 1,404 gastric cancer samples from six independent GC cohorts based on ferroptosis-related specific genes and systematically correlated ferroptosis with immune cell infiltrating and gender characteristics. The ferroptosis score was constructed to quantify the ferroptosis levels of individual tumors using principal component analysis (PCA) algorithms.Results: We identified two distinct ferroptosis subtypes in gastric cancer, namely Subtype-A and Subtype-B. We found that male patients in Subtype-B had the worst prognosis in contrast with the other groups. Three sex hormone receptors (AR, ER, and PR) in Subtype-B tumor patients were higher than in Subtype-A tumor patients in GC, while the HER2 displayed an opposite trend. We developed a risk model termed ferroptosis score to evaluate ferroptosis levels within individual tumors. The low-ferroptosis score group was characterized by activation of immune cells and increased mutation burden, which is also linked to increased neoantigen load and enhanced response to anti-PD-1/L1 immunotherapy. The patients with a low-ferroptosis score showed a high microsatellite instability status (MSI-H) and had a higher response to immunotherapy. Furthermore, the patients with low-ferroptosis scores have a lower estimated IC50 in the several chemotherapy drugs, including paclitaxel, gemcitabine, and methotrexate.Conclusions: We revealed that sex hormone receptors and immune cell infiltration were markedly different between ferroptosis subtypes in GC patients. The results suggested that gender difference may be critical when the ferroptosis-related strategy is applied in GC treatment. Further, ferroptosis levels were identified with an extreme variety of prognosis and tumor immune characteristics, which might benefit GC individualized treatment.
Dietary Intake and Adherence to the Recommendations for Healthy Eating in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
Authors: Pancheva Rouzha , Zhelyazkova Desislava , Ahmed Fatme , Gillon-Keren Michal , Usheva Nataliya , Bocheva Yana , Boyadzhieva Mila , Valchev Georgi , Yotov Yoto , Iotova Violeta 
Published: December 2021

Background: Medical nutrition therapy is essential for all people with diabetes, of any type or severity. Compliance with the recommended nutrition is an integral part of the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). It remains unclear to what extent the dietary intake of patients with type 1 diabetes adheres to the recommendations for healthy eating.Objective: The primary aim of our study is to collect and analyze published articles on the nutrition of T1D patients in comparison with the general population and recommendations.Research Strategy and Methods: A literature search for articles, published between January 2006 and July 2021 was conducted, using electronic databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) for all available publications in English and Bulgarian. The process of study selection, identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) recommendations for a flowchart. Based on the keywords search, 425 titles were retrieved, of which 27 were selected based on title and abstract. All papers were crosschecked and reviewed for selection by 3 independent reviewers. As a result, 19 titles were eligible and met inclusion criteria for a full review.Results: Energy intake tends to be lower in T1D patients or comparable to controls and in most cases within the general recommendations. The percentage of calories from protein is within the recommendations for children, adolescents and adults. Only two studies showed that T1D patients consume significantly less than the recommendation for total fat intake (&lt;35E%). The median intake of carbohydrates is in the lower end of the recommended 45 to 60E%. The median intake of dietary fiber adjusted for total energy is too low for T1D patients and the general population.Conclusion: Study findings suggested a lack of knowledge or misunderstanding of diabetes dietary management. Patients with T1D, who are being consulted with a dietician as a part of their treatment plan may have better compliance to their recommended diet and as a result, are likely to have better health outcomes. Nutritional therapy should focus not only on glycemic control and pure carbohydrate counting but also on healthy eating and complication prevention.