bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term stability of the cortical volumetric profile and the functional human connectome throughout childhood and adolescence
Authors: Sato João Ricardo , Biazoli Claudinei Eduardo , Zugman André , Pan Pedro Mario , Bueno Ana Paula Arantes , Moura Luciana Monteiro , Gadelha Ary , Picon Felipe Almeida , Amaro Edson , Salum Giovanni Abrahão , Miguel Euripedes Constantino , Rohde Luis Augusto , Bressan Rodrigo Affonseca , Jackowski Andrea Parolin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThere is compelling evidence showing that between‐subject variability in several functional and structural brain features is sufficient for unique identification in adults. However, individuation of brain functional connectomes depends on the stabilization of neurodevelopmental processes during childhood and adolescence. Here, we aimed to (1) evaluate the intra‐subject functional connectome stability over time for the whole brain and for large scale functional networks and (2) determine the long‐term identification accuracy or ‘fingerprinting’ for the cortical volumetric profile and the functional connectome. For these purposes, we analysed a longitudinal cohort of 239 children and adolescents scanned in two sessions with an interval of approximately 3 years (age range 6–15 years at baseline and 9–18 years at follow‐up). Corroborating previous results using short between‐scan intervals in children and adolescents, we observed a moderate identification accuracy (38%) for the whole functional profile. In contrast, identification accuracy using cortical volumetric profile was 95%. Among the large‐scale networks, the default‐mode (26.8%), the frontoparietal (23.4%) and the dorsal‐attention (27.6%) networks were the most discriminative. Our results provide further evidence for a protracted development of specific individual structural and functional connectivity profiles.
Time dynamic climate impacts of a eucalyptus pulp product: Life cycle assessment including biogenic carbon and substitution effects
Authors: Schulte Maximilian , Hammar Torun , Stendahl Johan , Seleborg Mikaela , Hansson Per‐Anders 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe forest sector can play a pivotal role in mitigating climate warming by decreasing emissions to the atmosphere and increasing carbon removals. In an expanding bioeconomy, the pulp and paper industry provides opportunities for various low‐carbon wood products with promising substitution effects. However, assessing climate effects of wood product systems is complex and requires a holistic approach. The objective of this study was to advance time dynamic climate impact assessment of a bioeconomically promising wood product from a system perspective. For this purpose, a time dynamic life cycle assessment was conducted on a pulp‐based beverage carton. The assessment included fossil value chain emissions from cradle to grave, effects from biogenic carbon in a eucalyptus plantation, and credits from substitution. A polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle was considered for material substitution (MS) and differing marginal electricity and heat mixes for energy substitution. The results revealed dominating climate warming from value chain emissions and slight offsetting by biogenic carbon from standing biomass and soil organic carbon, and short‐term carbon storage in the beverage carton. MS and displacing marginal energy mixes transformed the climate warming into a substantial total cooling effect. However, substitution effects varied strongly in terms of substitution factors and temperature change with varying replacement rate of the beverage carton and different marginal energy mixes. A climate cooling range of −0.8 · 10−15 to −1.8 · 10−15 K per unit of beverage carton by 2050 was found, highlighting potential relevance for climate policy making. Thus, production and use of wood‐based beverage cartons over PET bottles can have climate cooling effects. Further assessments on alternative forestry systems (e.g., Nordic forests) are needed to identify the role of biogenic carbon in holistic climate assessments, with dynamic substitution effects included to increase the validity.
Using a robust multi‐settings inference framework on published datasets still reveals limited support for the abundant centre hypothesis: More testing needed on other datasets
Authors: Chevalier Mathieu , Broennimann Olivier , Guisan Antoine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimThe abundant centre hypothesis (ACH) predicts a negative relationship between species abundance and the distance to the geographical range centre. Since its formulation, empirical tests of the ACH have involved different settings (e.g. the distance to the ecological niche or to the geographical range centre), but studies found contrasting support for this hypothesis. Here, we evaluate whether these discrepancies might stem from differences regarding the context in which the ACH is tested (geographical or environmental), how distances are measured, how species envelopes are delineated, how the relationship is evaluated and which data are used.LocationThe Americas.Time period1800–2017.Major taxa studiedMammals, birds, fish, and tree seedlings.MethodsUsing published abundance data for 801 species, together with species range maps, we tested the ACH using three distance metrics in both environmental and geographical spaces with range and niche envelopes delineated using two different algorithms, totalling 12 different settings. We then evaluated the distance–abundance relationship using correlation coefficients (traditional approach) and mixed‐effect models to reduce the effect of sampling noise on parameter estimates.ResultsSimilar to previous studies, correlation coefficients indicated an absence of effect of distance on abundance for all taxonomic groups and settings. In contrast, mixed‐effect models highlighted relationships of various strengths and shapes, with a tendency for more theoretically supported settings to provide stronger support for the ACH. The relationships were however not consistent across taxonomic groups and settings, and were sometimes even opposite to ACH expectations.Main conclusionsWe found mixed and inconclusive results regarding the ACH. These results corroborate recent findings, and suggest either that our ability to predict abundances from the location of populations within geographical or environmental spaces is low, or that the data used here have a poor signal‐to‐noise‐ratio. The latter calls for further testing on other datasets using the same range of settings and methodological framework.
Effects of red lentil protein addition on textural quality and starch digestibility of brown rice noodles
Authors: Geng Dong‐Hui , Liu Lu , Lin Zexue , Zhu Lin , Deng Junlin , Chen Jian , Xiang Zhuoya , Yao Hanlin , Su Xiaoping , Xia Chen , Tong Li‐Tao 
Published: August 2021

SummaryIn this study, the additions of red lentil, rice protein and lentil protein on the quality of brown rice (BR) noodles were investigated, aiming to develop nutritionally fortified noodles with both desirable textural quality and lower starch digestibility. The results showed that the additives reduced the hardness, cohesiveness and chewiness, and increased cooking loss and turbidity of rice noodles. The addition of lentil protein had less effect on the texture quality of rice noodles when compared with the red lentil and rice protein. Lentil protein decreased the starch digestibility of BR noodles, thereby reducing the estimated glycemic index (eGI) from 70.48 to 65.33. XRD and FTIR revealed that lentil protein increased the relative crystallinity and 1047/1022 cm−1 ratio. Ordered structure could effectively limit the interaction between amylase and starch, and reduce its digestibility. Therefore, lentil protein was more suitable to be added in BR noodles to reduce starch digestibility.
Anti‐glycation and inhibition of starch hydrolyzing enzymes by enzymatically hydrolysed djulis (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz.) hull, leaf and seedling
Authors: Chen Jing‐Yu , Sridhar Kandi , Tsai Pi‐Jen 
Published: August 2021

SummaryGlycation is the reaction of the carbonyl group of the reducing sugars to form advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are major contributors to glycation‐related diabetes. Hence, it is necessary to find an alternative approach in management of diabetes that can reduce the formation of AGEs. Therefore, we investigated the anti‐glycation and starch hydrolysing enzymes inhibition by djulis (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz.) hull, leaf and seedling treated with enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) and studied the possible phenolic compounds responsible for the anti‐glycation efficacy. Djulis samples treated with EH showed a high inhibitory effect on AGEs (65.04–72.77%), methylglyoxal (80.01–90.70%), α‐amylase (86.37–93.50%) and α‐glucosidase (35.50–38.16%). Bioactive compounds were significantly contributed to the anti‐glycation potential of djulis samples. Therefore, djulis hull, leaf and seedling treated with EH could be used as a natural potential source in the prevention of glycation‐associated diabetes, health risks and to increase food productivity.
Quality assessment of corn snacks enriched with soybean ferritin among young healthy people and patient with Crohn’s disease: the effect of extrusion conditions
Authors: Szymandera‐Buszka Krystyna , Zielińska‐Dawidziak Magdalena , Makowska Agnieszka , Majcher Małgorzata , Jędrusek‐Golińska Anna , Kaczmarek Anna , Niedzielski Przemysław 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFortified extruded snacks are convenient products to supplement malnourished patients’ diet, e.g. suffering from Crohn’s disease. The snacks were extruded with different additions of iron‐biofortified sprouts under varying process conditions (temperature and humidity). The sensory profiling showed the correlation between extrusion temperature and snack stickiness (R = 0.835), crispiness (R = 0.727), hardness (R=−0.485), as well as the intensity of corn (R = 0.888), powder (R=−0.795), metallic (R=−0.606) and bitter (R=−0.901) tastes. The sprouts addition affected metallic taste (R = 0.606) and aroma (R = 0.666) intensity. The product desirability was compared between healthy people (HP) and Crohn’s patients (CP). Overall desirability positively correlated with taste desirability in both groups. In the HP group, taste desirability was associated with metallic taste (R=−0.857) and Fe(III) content (R=−0.717). Also, aroma desirability (connected with pyrazines) was more significant to HP. Higher tolerance of CP to metallic and bitter flavours was observed. This confirms that the taste and aroma preferences of CP and HP are different.
Effect of co‐fermentation and sequential fermentation of Candida versatilis and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris on unsalted pork hydrolysates components
Authors: Li Xinzhi , Eu Anastasia , Liu Shao‐Quan 
Published: August 2021

SummaryIn this study, the effect of co‐fermentation and sequential fermentation with a typical halophilic soy sauce yeast Candida versatilis and a non‐halophilic dairy bacterium Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris in pork hydrolysates was explored for the first time with regard to their viability, physicochemical changes and volatile compound production. It was observed that the growth of C. versatilis was suppressed (only 0.6 ‐ 1.5 log CFU mL−1 increase), whilst L. lactis subsp. cremoris was stimulated (total cell counts exceeded 9.0 log CFU mL−1) in mixed‐cultures relative to the respective monocultures. There were no significant differences between co‐inoculation and sequential inoculation regarding glucose consumption, organic acid production and free amino acids utilisation. Some distinct volatile compounds such as methionol, 6‐methyl‐5‐hepten‐2‐one and gamma‐nonalactone were found in both co‐inoculated and sequentially inoculated samples, with slightly different concentrations. These results suggest that the mixed‐inoculation of C. versatilis and L. lactis have a positive impact on the volatile compounds formation in pork hydrolysates.
Efficiency of Ultrasonic Incorporated Glutathione Treatment in Preserving the Physicochemical Quality and Preventing the Browning of Lotus Rhizome Slices
Authors: Wen Bo , Li Da , Du Xianfeng , Kedbanglai Phacharee , Tang De , Huang Zhen , Ge Zibing , Supapvanich Suriyan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the efficacy of 40‐kHz (200 W) ultrasonication (US) for 2 min combined with glutathione (GSH) at 0.5% w/v (US + GSH) in preventing browning and preserving the physicochemical quality of lotus rhizome slices stored in a 4 ± 1 °C refrigerator. According to the visual appearance of the slices, US + GSH treatment more effectively inhibited the browning of the cut surface than did GSH or US treatment alone. US + GSH and GSH treatments were more effective than US and control treatments in preserving the slices’ colour attributes, such as their lightness and whiteness index values, and potentially retarded enzymatic browning reactions and increases in browning index and total colour difference values. Moreover, the application of US and US + GSH treatments noticeably preserved the texture of the slices. None of the treatments affected the total sugar content during storage. The US + GSH treatment markedly enhanced the ferric reducing antioxidant potential of the slices during storage. The slices treated with US, GSH, and US + GSH exhibited slower reductions in 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity than did the controls. In conclusion, US + GSH treatment is a feasible approach for inhibiting browning, maintaining texture, and inducing antioxidant activity in lotus rhizome slices during storage.
Migration, resettlement and integration of survivors of the 1994 genocide against Tutsi in Rwanda in Canada: A community‐based study
Authors: Yohani Sophie , Kreitzer Linda 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article describes the migration, resettlement and integration challenges and strengths of members of the African Diaspora in Canada who identify as survivors of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi of Rwanda. Data were generated from semi‐structured interviews with 16 adult community members and a thematic analysis conducted inductively and collectively with the research team consisting of academics and representative community members. This article provides insights into the unique long‐term impacts of genocide on migration, resettlement and community‐level functioning for this group of African migrants living in a mid‐Western city in Canada. Results highlight how Canadian immigration policies limit migration options and prevent family reunification for migrants with none or few remaining family members and the associated resettlement challenges experienced by this group. Results also show the vital role the Rwandan Diaspora community, and particularly other survivors, play in supporting resettlement, integration and overall well‐being of genocide survivors.
Factors affecting residential staff's role in supporting the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Leclerc Marie‐Josée , Morin Diane 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundFor adults with intellectual disabilities living in a residential care facility, support staff, who are an integral part of their daily lives, can play an important role in supporting their sexuality. Even though multiple programmes exist, barriers remain when it comes to their application. This study aimed to identify factors affecting residential staff's perception of their role in supporting the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities living in a residential care facility as well as facilitators and barriers to that support.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 12 support staff.ResultsA thematic analysis revealed four factors, namely support staff's role, facilitators and barriers, sexuality of residents with intellectual disabilities and policies and regulations.ConclusionResults illustrate the importance of expanding support staff's knowledge, clarifying procedures for implementing the support staff's role and establishing a clear practise framework.
Intergroup biologization and outgroup prejudice in the time of COVID‐19
Authors: Valtorta Roberta Rosa , Baldissarri Cristina , Volpato Chiara , Andrighetto Luca 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThrough two studies (N = 602) conducted in Italy between February and March 2020, we examined the impact of the COVID‐19 emergency on biologization—a form of dehumanization that involves the perception of others as contagious entities—and outgroup prejudice. Overall, results showed that higher emergency perception was associated with greater biologization toward the groups most affected by the virus, namely the Chinese outgroup and the Italian ingroup. In turn, biologization toward the outgroup increased prejudice against that group. We also found that when the pandemic hit Italy, the greater emergency perception was associated with increased emotional closeness with Chinese people, resulting in reduced biologization and prejudice toward them. However, these results held true only for Italian respondents who reported higher levels of ingroup biologization. Taken together, our findings contribute to the knowledge gaps of biologization and prejudice by also providing relevant insights into the ongoing health emergency.
Exercise characteristics and incidence of abnormal electrocardiogram response in long‐distance runners with exercise‐induced hypertension
Authors: Kim Young‐Joo , Lee So‐Eun , Park Kyoung‐Min 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTWhile long‐distance running has important health benefits, chronic elevation of blood pressure during exercise might induce cardiac events and sudden death. This study aimed to investigate characteristics of exercise and incidence of abnormal exercise electrocardiography findings in long‐distance runners with exercise‐induced hypertension. Long‐distance runners (n = 606) underwent a questionnaire survey, history taking, and exercise stress testing, and they were classified into the non‐exercise‐induced (n = 268) and exercise‐induced (n = 338) hypertension groups. Exercise‐induced hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥210 mm Hg during maximal exercise. Abnormal electrocardiogram response (AER) were defined as abnormal electrocardiography findings, such as arrhythmias or ST‐segment changes, during exercise stress testing. There were no differences in general and exercise‐related characteristics between the non‐exercise‐induced and exercise‐induced hypertension groups. The AER group (AERg, n = 37) had a significantly longer training history and total exercise time than the non‐AER group (non‐AERg, n = 569) (p < .05). Atrial arrhythmias and ST‐segment depression were more prevalent in the exercise‐induced hypertension group than in the non‐exercise‐induced hypertension group (atrial arrhythmias: 5% [17/338] vs. 1.9% [5/268]; ST‐segment depression: 2.7% [9/338] vs. .4% [1/268]; p < .05). The incidence of AER was significantly higher in the exercise‐induced hypertension group (n = 30, 8.8%) than in the non‐exercise‐induced hypertension group (n = 7, 2.6%) (p < .05). This study showed that long‐distance runners with AER had a longer training history and total exercise time than those without AER, and the exercise‐induced hypertension group had a higher rate of AER.
Effect of rearing density on nervous necrosis virus infection in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)
Authors: Vázquez‐Salgado Lucía , Olveira Jose G. , Dopazo Carlos P. , Bandín Isabel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntensive fish farming at high densities results in a wide range of adverse consequences on fish welfare, including pathogen spreading, stress and increased mortality rates. In this work, we have assessed whether the survival of Senegalese sole infected with the nervous necrosis virus (NNV), a pathogen responsible for severe disease outbreaks, is affected by rearing density. Based on the different fish ratios per surface area (g cm−2) and water volume (g L−1), our research showed an earlier mortality onset in the tanks containing NNV‐infected fish reared at medium density (MD: 0.071 g cm−2/5 g L−1) and high density (HD: 0.142 g cm−2/10 g L−1), as well as higher cumulative mortality values. However, transcription analysis of hsp70, gr1 and pepck genes, well‐known stress biomarkers, seems to indicate that none of the challenged fish were under high stress conditions. NNV load was slightly higher both in dead and in sampled fish from MD and HD groups, and especially in the rearing water from these groups, where peaks in mortality seemed to correlate with increasing NNV load in the water. In conclusion, our results suggest that rearing NNV‐infected Senegalese sole at high densities resulted in an earlier mortality onset and higher cumulative values and viral load.
Varietal classification of maize seeds using computer vision and machine learning techniques
Authors: Xu Peng , Yang Ranbing , Zeng Tiwei , Zhang Jian , Zhang Yunpeng , Tan Qian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn agriculture, seed sorting is critical for production and marketing purposes. Low‐quality seeds can cause poor plant growth and lead to problems such as disease and low yields. This study uses machine vision and machine learning to develop a rapid detection and classification method for maize (Zea mays L.) seeds based on variety purity. A computer vision system was designed to recognize five varieties of maize seeds. Halogen lamps were applied for illumination and a high‐resolution RGB camera was used to acquire images of 8,080 maize seeds in the laboratory. An image processing algorithm was proposed to extract 16 important features (12 dimensional and 4 of shape) from the maize seed images, and a user‐friendly interface was developed using a MATLAB graphical user interface (GUI). Multilayer perceptron (MLP), decision tree (DT), linear discrimination (LDA), Naive Bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), k‐nearest neighbors (KNN), and AdaBoost algorithm were used to develop the varietal classification model. The optimal model parameters were obtained with 10‐fold cross‐validation, and the performance metrics were compared. The names of the maize varieties were marked in the GUI. The overall classification accuracy was determined as 96.26, 94.95, 95.97, 93.97, 96.46, 95.59, and 95.31% for MLP, DT, LDA, NB, SVM, KNN, and AdaBoost, respectively. The SVM classification model obtained the highest accuracy for BaoQiu, ShanCu, XinNuo, LiaoGe, and KouXian varieties, which reached 93.07, 98.95, 96.15, 89.65, and 99.22%, respectively. The classification results satisfy the needs of producers and consumers.