bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capacity Building in Peer Review: a Student-led Journal Experience
Authors: Campos Letícia Nunes , Yabrude Angela Theresa Zuffo , Medeiros Samantha Sartore Duque Estrada , Natividade Taiane do Socorro Silva , Luizeti Bárbara Okabaiasse , Cunha Moisés da Costa , Alves Rebeca Maria Gomes Guimarães , Bezerra Aristócles Hítallo , Ribeiro Lucas Loiola Ponte Albuquerque , Helal Lucas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Peer review plays a pivotal role in optimizing articles’ quality. However, in a context of poor methodological publications and unreliable data, it is questionable which strategies to invest in to improve peer reviewing. An excellent start is by enhancing diversity through inclusion of undergraduate students to reviewers. We aim to report the peer reviewing policies, procedures, and practices of a medical student-led journal editorial board in 2020, detailing the challenges and the role of students in building capacity in peer review. Methods: Through validated online training courses and peer education methodology, the students built capacity regarding the relevance of peer review, its models, structure, and publication process. The journal peer-reviewing was blinded for authors and reviewers, pursuing impartiality and minimization of identification bias. To add standardization to the submission and review processes, guidelines for authors and reviewers were developed, based on journals’ recommendations, and reporting guidelines. Results: The journal had 254 submitted manuscripts from all five Brazilian geographic regions during the second semester of 2020, a considerable increase compared to the 72 submissions in the previous edition. After reviewing, 50 articles were accepted to the Brazilian Medical Students’ 7th edition, demanding minor or major corrections.Discussion: Peer review contributes to the construction of content, standing for evidence-based medicine. Besides, it improves ethical, communication, and critical appraisal abilities, also desirable in the academic and professional spheres. Among the benefits and limitations of this medical students' peer review process, there is an interesting strategy to be studied and further promoted.
Pediatric Multidisciplinary Weight Management - How Can We Improve Further?
Authors: Majumdar Indrajit , Espino Brittany , Harmon Carroll M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Multidisciplinary weight management (MDM) significantly improves outcomes in youth, when compared to their routine care. However, this progress may be undermined by high follow-up attrition. We hypothesized that a pre-defined time-limited MDM clinic follow-up plan given to families from the “get-go” will improve individual clinic participation, weight, and metabolic parameters.Methods: Participant follow-up rates in 7 consecutive visits in a retrospective cohort of youth followed at an urban MDM clinic between April 2017 to September 2019 after the clinic follow-up protocol was changed (Post-PC) were compared to our previously published data (Pre-PC, December 2014 to January 2017). Secondary outcomes include changes (Δ) in body mass index z-score (z-BMI), body composition analysis (BCA), and laboratory parameters. Results: 615 records (12.3 + 3.7 years, 46% male) were reviewed. Participants’ follow up rates improved significantly starting visit 3 (Post-PC (49.2%) vs. Pre-PC (40.2%); p=0.03). With continued MDM participation, mean z-BMI Δ progressively improved. BCA Δ included a mean total body fat mass (FM) decrease (-2.07+7.3 kg) along with total body muscle mass (MM) increase (3.3+5.6 kg). Significant improvements were noted with hemoglobin A1c %, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, AST, and ALT concentrations. FM Δ correlated significantly with glucose and HOMA-IR Δ, while MM Δ was inversely associated with TC and LDL-cholesterol Δ.Conclusion: A protocolized MDM follow plan resulted in a small but significant improvement in the participants’ follow-up along with significant improvements in weight and metabolic outcomes. Further improvements will likely require additional behavioral economic strategies.
Applying the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle in medical education to refine an antibiotics therapy active learning session
Authors: Rose Stacey Rubin , Hamill Richard , Caruso Andrew , Appelbaum Nital P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Appropriate antibiotic utilization is an important topic in medical education, given the public health implications of antibiotic stewardship. One approach to integrating this content includes active learning / gaming, which may improve learner engagement and knowledge retention, with curricular enhancement further guided by solicitation of feedback from learners.
Methods

Guided by the Plan-Do-Study-Act framework, between February 2017 and July 2019, we developed, implemented, and revised an active learning session for medical students, focused on appropriate utilization of antibiotics during their Internal Medicine clerkship.
Results

Across twelve sessions, 367 students (75.2%) completed the post-evaluation survey. Although baseline ratings were high (97% of respondents enjoyed the “active learning” format), constructive comments informed iterative improvements to the session, such as modifying session timing, handouts and organization of the gaming component. Intervention 3, the last improvement cycle, resulted in more favorable ratings for the active learning format (p = 0.015) improvement in understanding antibiotics and their clinical application (p = 0.001) compared to Baseline ratings.
Conclusions

This intervention suggests that active learning and gaming was effective in achieving high student engagement in an Internal Medicine core clerkship session on antibiotic therapy. Interventions to streamline session content and format, such as providing a completed antibiotic reference table and answer choices for each case, further improved student receptivity and perceived educational value. The study findings have potential implications for medical education, and suggest that the use of gaming and active learning, combined with regular incorporation of student feedback vis a vis a PDSA cycle, are useful tools for curriculum develop in antibiotic stewardship.
Case report and review: alloimmunization, delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction, and clinically significant anti-Yta in a patient with ²-thalassemia/sickle cell anemia
Authors: Hillyer C.D. , Hallk J.M. , Tiegermaannd O. , Berkman E.M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A 26-year-old female with ²-thalassemia/sickle cell anemia was admitted to the hospital with symptoms of a painful crisis. During the next 4 days her hematocrit decreased to 13 percent, and there was reticulocytopenia. She was transfused with four units of red blood cells that were microscopically incompatible, and the hematocrit increased to 29 percent. Eight days later the patient was readmitted with back pain, hemoglobinuria, and a hematocrit of 27 percent. Anti-E, -c, -Jka, and -Yta were identified. The direct antiglobulin test was positive, and the eluate contained anti-c and -Jka. The patient’s hematocrit continued to decrease to 14 percent. Transfusions were withheld and the patient recovered uneventfully. Separate 51Cr red blood cell survival studies showed significantly shortened survival of both autologous and R1R1, Jk(a-), Yt(a+) erythrocytes. This case illustrates the complexity of transfusion management in hemoglobinopathy patients.
Immunohematology
1991;7 102–106.
Percepção da corrupção e acesso à informação: uma análise global
Authors: Mazulo Emerson Silva , Britto Paulo Augusto Pettenuzzo de 
Published: June 2021

Estudos sobre corrupção abordam o tema tanto sob o ponto de vista positivo, sobretudo para entender suas causas, como do normativo, com destaque às formas de reduzir a corrupção. Uma importante motivação para estes estudos consiste em contribuir para o desenvolvimento econômico e social de diversos países. A literatura empírica tem contribuído para o estudo da corrupção ao confirmar, ou não, diversas teorias. As análises empíricas empregam, em sua maioria, medidas de corrupção baseadas em percepção, medidas indiretas susceptíveis a vieses de subjetividade e a erros de medida, restando dúvidas razoáveis sobre sua validade e confiabilidade. Este artigo se enquadra nessa literatura ao verificar se o Índice de Percepção da Corrupção apresenta viés associado ao nível de acesso à informação, medido pelo percentual da população com acesso à internet e pelo número de menções ao termo corrupção junto com o nome de um país, medido pelo Google Trends. A partir de um painel de 79 países e seis anos, estimou-se um modelo de efeitos fixos. Os resultados indicaram significância estatística para os parâmetros estimados. Os coeficientes estimados indicaram efeito marginal bastante pequeno. Contudo, o poder de explicação do componente específico para o indivíduo no modelo de efeitos fixos indica que a percepção de corrupção seria explicada por aspectos reputacionais, tais como imagem, fama, notoriedade ou mesmo importância do país. Esta hipótese, contudo, deve ser analisada em estudos futuros.
A percepção dos atuais Coordenadores dos Programas de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências Contábeis no Brasil sobre as linhas de pesquisa
Authors: Teixeira Bonifácio da Silva Pablo Eduardo Nikolais , Menezes da Costa Neto Arlindo , Silva de Lima Diogo Henrique 
Published: June 2021

O objetivo do estudo é analisar a percepção dos atuais coordenadores dos Programas de Pós-Graduação (PPG) Stricto Sensu em Ciências Contábeis no Brasil sobre suas linhas de pesquisa. Apresentando como teoria de base a Teoria do Capital Humano, haja vista a relevância do capital humano para construção das linhas de pesquisa, o trabalho enquadra-se como descritivo e qualitativo, sendo a coleta de dados realizada por meio de questionário aos coordenadores dos Programas Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências Contábeis no Brasil, contando com a participação de nove respondentes. Foi utilizada para técnica de análise de conteúdo a codificação aberta a partir do Software ATLAS.ti 8®. Por meio dos resultados, observa-se que muitas das situações enfrentadas são comuns a vários coordenadores, desde o problema da gestão de pessoal às metas e regras esperadas pelos órgãos reguladores. Quanto às principais dificuldades foi reportado pelos coordenadores que a falta de capital humano e a disponibilidade de recursos dificultam bastante o aprimoramento dos Programas de Pós-Graduação. Além disso, obteve-se como resultado que as linhas de pesquisa são geralmente formadas pelo currículo dos professores e o perfil do egresso. Logo, entende-se que ao estudar tal tema e buscar voz daqueles envolvidos diretamente na gestão dos programas é possível traçar um perfil dos problemas enfrentados ao ponto de facilitar a criação de novos programas, bem como permitir a comunicação entre os coordenadores, permitindo assim a troca de experiências.
Gender, socioeconomic status and emergency department visits among cancer survivors in the USA: a population-based study
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Omar 
Published: June 2021

Aim:
To assess patterns of emergency department visits and subsequent hospitalization in relation to gender and socioeconomic status among a cohort of cancer survivors in the USA.
Materials & methods:
National Health Interview Survey datasets (2011–2017) were reviewed and participants with a history of cancer and complete information about emergency department visits in the past 12 months were included. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with emergency department visits and subsequent hospitalization after the most recent emergency department visit.
Results:
A total of 22,240 cancer survivors were included in the current analysis; of which 16,133 participants (72.5%) who have not visited an emergency department in the past 12 months and 6107 participants (27.5%) who have visited an emergency department in the past 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis suggested the following factors are associated with emergency department visits; younger age (odds ratio [OR] with increasing age: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.98–0.99), female gender (OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.00–1.15), African American race (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.13–1.40), unmarried status (OR for married vs unmarried: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.74–0.84), lower yearly earnings (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.20–1.54), poor health status (OR: 7.02; 95% CI: 6.02–8.18) and incomplete health insurance coverage (OR for complete coverage vs incomplete coverage: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.54–0.80). On the other hand, the following factors were associated with subsequent hospitalization: older age (OR: 1.004; 95% CI: 1.000–1.008), male gender (OR for female vs male: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.78–0.94), unmarried status (OR for married vs unmarried status: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.73–0.88), not working (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.23–1.68), lower yearly earnings (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.07–1.60), poor health status (OR: 8.43; 95% CI: 6.76–10.51) and lack of health insurance coverage (OR for complete coverage vs incomplete coverage: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.55–0.93).
Conclusion:
Female cancer survivors were more likely to visit the emergency department, whereas they were less likely to be subsequently hospitalized. Cancer survivors with lower socioeconomic status were more likely to visit emergency departments and to be subsequently hospitalized.
Single-arm oncology trials and the nature of external controls arms
Authors: Hashmi Mustafa , Rassen Jeremy , Schneeweiss Sebastian 
Published: June 2021

Aim:
Single-arm trials with external control arms (ECAs) have gained popularity in oncology. ECAs may consist of primary data from previous trials, electronic health records (EHRs) or aggregate data from the literature. We sought to provide a description of how such studies achieve similarity of patients, comparability of data quality and outcome assessment.
Materials & methods:
In a stratified convenience sample of 15 studies, five used primary data from trials as ECAs, five used secondary data from EHRs and five used aggregate data from the literature. Data were collected from the published literature and public web resources, blinded to the eventual approval decision.
Results:
Studies using ECAs from primary data and EHR data displayed methods to achieve comparability of information, including matched baseline characteristics. Aggregate data from published studies did not attempt to match covariates. The EHR controls often showed calendar time overlap for collecting information while trial data were mostly historic. Outcome data were not consistently reported across studies. US FDA approval was only seen when primary data from trials or EHR data were used as the ECA, however no ECA in this sample directly contributed to approval.
Discussion:
In this nonsystematic review of ECAs for single-arm trials, the ECAs derived from primary data collected by other trials or EHRs show patterns of patient comparability, time overlap, and realistic methodological approaches to achieving balance between treatment arms. They are often submitted to regulators while literature-derived aggregate findings as ECA may serve as benchmarks for pipeline decisions.
Aegle marmelos (L.) (Bael): A Systematic Review
Authors: Savita , , Singh Ajeet Pal , Singh Amar Pal 
Published: June 2021

Aegle marmelos is a plant in the Rutaceae family that is one of the most significant in the medicinal field due to its properties. Bilwa is used to treat a variety of medical problems. Since the time of the dinosaurs, this plant has existed. The plant contains a variety of pharmacological qualities, including wound healing, antipyretic potential, antidiarrheal activity, Diuretic activity, Ulcer healing, and more. Antithyroid activity, Immunomodulatory activity, Antifungal activity, Antimicrobial activity, Antioxidant activity, Radioprotective effect, Contractile activity, Antiarthritis activity, Analgesic activity, Cytoprotective effectuate-constipating effect. Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Vitamins, Coumarins, Tannins, Carbohydrates, Flavonoids, Fatty Acids, Essential Oils, and other miscellaneous chemicals are among the identified constituents. This study summarises information about the A. marmelos' morphology, distribution, phytochemistry, traditional uses, and biological activity.
Keywords: Aegle marmelos, Phytochemistry, morphology, pharmacological properties.
A Review on Mucormycosis with recent pharmacological treatment
Authors: Shinde Yogita B. , Kore Sanket 
Published: June 2021

Mucormycosis is antifungal eye infection difficult to manage this infection with limited use of diagnostic tool and therapeutic option, but previous literature studied diagnostic strategies and evaluate the potency of antifungal agent as a treatment option. Mucormycosis was difficult to study on imaging studies. Surgery plus antifungal therapy of high dose yields greater survival rates. Mucorales are most widely resisted to the used as an antifungal agent. Amphotericin -B were kept for de-escalation refractory therapy whereas, patient’s intolerant to Amphotericin B.
Keywords: Mucormycosis, amphotericin, antifungal agents
Basics of SQL for Audit Data Retrieval and Analysis
Authors: Tojiboyev Nuriddin , Appelbaum Deniz , Kogan Alexander , Vasarhelyi Miklos A. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this instructional resource is to explain how Structured Query Language (SQL) queries can help auditors to independently retrieve properly formatted data as audit evidence or for further analyses. It demonstrates data extraction using Microsoft (MS) Access, one of the simplest SQL-compliant database software applications. We use a dataset fragment that is extracted from the publicly available enterprise datasets provided by Walton College (University of Arkansas) to run SQL queries as a part of audit investigations. Data extraction is the first step of Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) and may be time-consuming. We demonstrate how SQL queries can assist with this task, thereby allowing the auditor to begin analysis sooner. This instructional resource can be used to prepare future auditors for the emerging data-rich and technology-driven business environment.
Weight Loss by Low-Calorie Diet Versus Gastric Bypass Surgery in People With Diabetes Results in Divergent Brain Activation Patterns: A Functional MRI Study
Authors: Salem Victoria , Demetriou Lysia , Behary Preeshila , Alexiadou Kleopatra , Scholtz Samantha , Tharakan George , Miras Alexander D. , Purkayastha Sanjay , Ahmed Ahmed R. , Bloom Stephen R. , Wall Matthew B. , Dhillo Waljit S. , Tan Tricia M.-M. 
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE
Weight loss achieved with very-low-calorie diets (VLCDs) can produce remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but weight regain very often occurs with reintroduction of higher calorie intakes. In contrast, bariatric surgery produces clinically significant and durable weight loss, with diabetes remission that translates into reductions in mortality. We hypothesized that in patients living with obesity and prediabetes/T2D, longitudinal changes in brain activity in response to food cues as measured using functional MRI would explain this difference.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Sixteen participants underwent gastric bypass surgery, and 19 matched participants undertook a VLCD (meal replacement) for 4 weeks. Brain responses to food cues and resting-state functional connectivity were assessed with functional MRI pre- and postintervention and compared across groups.

RESULTS
We show that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) results in three divergent brain responses compared with VLCD-induced weight loss: 1) VLCD resulted in increased brain reward center food cue responsiveness, whereas in RYGB, this was reduced; 2) VLCD resulted in higher neural activation of cognitive control regions in response to food cues associated with exercising increased cognitive restraint over eating, whereas RYGB did not; and 3) a homeostatic appetitive system (centered on the hypothalamus) is better engaged following RYGB-induced weight loss than VLCD.

CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, these findings point to divergent brain responses to different methods of weight loss in patients with diabetes, which may explain weight regain after a short-term VLCD in contrast to enduring weight loss after RYGB.
Perbandingan Hasil Belajar Siswa Antara Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Dengan Pembelajaran Konvensional Pada Mata Pelajaran Dasar-dasar Elektronika Kelas X SMK Negeri 2 Solok
Authors: Jefiza Adlian , Hanesman Hanesman , Zulhendra Zulhendra 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to compare students learning outcomes between using jigsaw cooperative models with conventional learning on electronics basic subject in students class X of SMK Negeri 2 Solok . this research is experimental research that aims to reveal differences in students learning outcomes using cooperative learning jigsaw ( X1 ) and Conventional Learning ( X2) on students learning outcomes ( Y ) . The population is 61 person tenth grade students enrolled TAV SMF SMK 2 TP.2013/2014. The results of the research analysis , student learning outcomes in the experimental group using the model of cooperative jigsaw have an average score ( 79.47 ) higher than students learning outcomes in control group using conventional methods have an average score ( 68.27 ) , where the learning outcomes of students in experimental class had above the average standard of completeness . While the t - test is 4.09. Thus, the previous alternative hypothesis can be accepted at 95 % of significant level. There is a significant difference in students learning outcomes between the use of cooperative learning model jigsaw with conventional models in electronics basic subject of stuydents grade X in SMKN 2 Solok Keywords : differences , jigsaw , conventional , learning outcomes
KONTRIBUSI MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN DISIPLIN BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN TEKNIK VIDEO KELAS XI SMK 5 PADANG
Authors: Fagia Nonik Desri , Dwiyani Nurindah , Irfan Dedy 
Published: June 2021

This research was motivated by the problem of low learning achievement in the subjects of video techniques class XI student majoring in audio video engineering at SMK Negeri 5 Padang , where 40.54 % of students gain mastery of learning outcomes under Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal ( KKM ) . KKM set the school on subjects a video engineering of 75 with a range of values ​​0-100 . The purpose of this study was to reveal the contribution of learning motivation and discipline to learn the subjects learning outcomes of students majoring in video engineering video audio engineering at SMK Negeri 5 Padang . This research is descriptive nature of correlation . The population in this study were all students of class XI Audio Video Engineering Department SMK Negeri 5 Padang , consists of three classes totaling 74 people , and the sample amounted to 43 people . Technique of random sampling ( Simple random sampling ) . Student learning outcomes data obtained from subject teachers video technique class XI SMK Negeri 5 Padang in 2012 . While the motivation to learn and the discipline of data collected through a questionnaire study using a Likert scale that has been tested for validity and reliability . Data were analyzed using statistical methods with the help of Microsoft Excel 2007 software . The results of data analysis showed : ( 1 ) learning motivation accounted for 13.06 % of the learning outcomes of students of SMK Negeri 5 Padang , ( 2 ) learn discipline contributes 10.75 % to the learning outcomes of students of SMK Negeri 5 Padang ; ( 3 ) learning motivation and discipline to learn together accounted for 19.45 % of the learning outcomes of students of SMK Negeri 5 Padang . So it can be concluded that the motivation to learn and the discipline of learning contribute to learning outcomes , the higher the students' motivation in the learning process and the higher discipline of learning , then learning outcomes will be higher . Keywords : Motivation Learning, Discipline Learning , Learning Outcomes , Descriptive Correlation , Simple Random Sampling