bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desarrollo de la producción oral a través de preguntas y respuestas como técnica de aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera en estudiantes de segundo nivel.
Authors: Obregón Mayorga Ángel Paul , Logroño Becerra Mónica Alejandra , Rojas Castro Carmita Eulalia , Gordillo Obregón Gilma Alexandra 
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo realizar un estudio de investigación-acción, con el fin de mejorar el desempeño de los estudiantes del segundo nivel de inglés con un nivel básico de inglés (A2). Para este estudio se utilizó el método directo es decir el profesor sigue un patrón dado de preguntas y respuestas durante la enseñanza del idioma. En el que el profesor hace las preguntas a un ritmo más rápido que el de una conversación normal para de esta forma captar la atención de los estudiantes. Se utilizó la plataforma Microsoft Teams en modalidad virtual. Los 25 estudiantes fueron divididos en cinco grupos, para lo que fueron creados cinco canales con cinco estudiantes cada uno, el tiempo de cada lección fue de 20 minutos. Antes de aplicar la intervención los estudiantes tomaron un Pre-Test para ser evaluados en su producción oral que obtuvo como resultados valores de 1.69 puntos. La media de la destreza pronunciación fue de 2.15, y la media de la destreza Interactive communication tuvo un valor de 1.73 lo que indicó que están por debajo del nivel A2. En el Post-Test los estudiantes completaron una encuesta usando preguntas de la escala de Likert para medir el grado de satisfacción al usar este método directo de preguntas y respuestas, el mismo que fue codificado con las primeras letras de sus nombres completos, obteniendo que la media de la destreza Grammar y Vocabulary fue de 3.08 puntos, la media de la destreza de Pronunciación fue de 3.24, Y la media de la destreza Interactive communication tuvo un valor de 3.12, significando resultados favorables. Con los datos obtenidos se aplicó la prueba exacta de Fisher utilizando los datos de las destrezas de Grammar and Vocabulary, Pronunciation, Interactive Communication del Pre-Test y el Post-Test en el grupo experimental. Teniendo como resultado que la técnica basada en preguntas y respuestas utilizando el método directo mejoró notablemente la producción oral en el aprendizaje del idioma inglés en estudiantes del segundo nivel.
Karakteristik Sosis Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dengan Penambahan Tepung Rumput Laut (Gracilaria sp)
Authors: Sipahutar Yuliati Hotmauli , Ma'roef Ahadin F.F. , Febrianti Asri A. , Nur Cakra , Savitri Noviatun , Utami Selvya P. 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan tepung rumput Gracilaria sp terhadap karakteristik sosis ikan nila. Rumput laut Gracilaria sp diperoleh langsung dari budidaya rumput laut di perairan Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, dengan perlakuan penambahan tepung rumput laut Gracilaria sp 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, dan 12%, dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter uji yaitu uji sensori, uji kimia (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, kadar protein dan kadar serat pangan) dan uji mikrobilogi ALT, Salmonella dan Escherichia coli. Analisis data menggunakan analisis rata-rata, dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian parameter hedonik, menunjukkan perlakuan terbaik pada sosis ikan nila adalah penambahan tepung rumput laut Gracilaria sp sebesar 3%, dengan nilai kenampakan 8,1, bau 7,6, rasa 7,8, tekstur 7,5 . Uji kimia kadar protein 2,21%, lemak 2,8%, kadar abu 1,76%, kadar air 58,77%. Uji mikrobilogi ALT 3,4 X 102 kol/gr, Escherichia coli negatif dan Salmonella negative. Penambahan tepung rumput laut gracilaria sp. sebagai bahan tambahan sosis ikan akan meningkatkan tekstur sosis ikan nila
ANALISIS SISTEM MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN TATAP MUKA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SMA KRISTEN RANTEPAO
Authors: Palinggi Hendrik , Tambunan Witarsa 
Published: August 2021

The objectives of writing this study were to: 1) to obtain the best methods and techniques in the limited face-to-face learning management system in Rantepao Christian Senior High School; 2) contributing advice to the school management team in order to improve the quality of learning during the Covid 19 pandemic; 3) contributing advice to educators and education personnel in order to improve face-to-face learning management during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used in this writing is a qualitative method with a literature review approach and participant responses via google form to students and teachers at Rantepao Christian High School. In the analisis using the problem tree approach, target tree, and alternative solution tree in getting the expected results. The results show that the impact of a learning management system that is suitable for school conditions can provide time-effective and cost-efficient convenience for students and teachers in achieving learning objectives.

Keywords: learning management, face-to-face learning, Covid-19 pandemic
The Effectiveness and Application of the School Meal Policy in Improving the Behavior of the High School Students in a Satuan Pendidikan Kerjasama Private School
Authors: Syahman Syarif , Kamaluddin  , Simbolon Bintang 
Published: August 2021

The Effectiveness and Application of the School Meal Policy in Improving the Behavior of the High School Students in a Satuan Pendidikan Kerjasama Private School.
The purpose of this study was to explore the possible relationship between the school meal policy towards the high school student’s behavior academically and non academically in school.
Student’s behavior is determined by their daily habits in school. These habits will result in their everyday behavior such as their interest in going to school, their honesty in doing test without cheating, having a healthy relationship with their peers and teacher, and their ability to be punctual in ariving to school or respecting the school timetable as a whole.
The researcher recommends that the school administrator should utilize the result of this research to make a better meal policy, with the soul objective of honing the student’s dicipline and improving their behavior in school.
PERAN ORANGTUA DALAM MENANGANI ANAK AUTISME
Authors: Sidabutar Bontor Eben Ezer , Neolaka Amos , Simbolon Bintang 
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui peran orangtua di dalam menangani anak Autisme yang sedang mengikuti program terapi di Pusat Penanganan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Kenosis. Partisipan penelitian ini terdiri dari empat orangtua dan empat anak Autisme. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi data. Temuan hasil penelitian ini adalah: Peran orangtua sangat penting, karena mereka adalah orang yang paling mengetahui kondisi anak. karena dengan pemahaman yang baik tentang hal ini, orangtua akan selektif mencari jalan keluar untuk anak berkaitan dengan pusat terapi maupun program, keterlibatan orangtua di setiap program sangat di harapkan untuk memberikan semangat anak, dan kemampuan Financial sangat menentukan di dalam melaksanakan program untuk anak.
Orangtua sebagai manager dan supervisor di segala aktivitas yang di lakukan agar bisa mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan. Peran orangtua perlu ditingkatkan, pemahamannya, keterlibatan dan kemampuan financial yang memadai. Pusat terapi mengharapkan orangtua dapat melanjutkan program terapi dirumah sehingga tercapai hasil yang diinginkan di dalam penanganan anak Autisme.
Metástasis Cerebrales
Authors: Imbaquingo  Cabrera Andrés 
Published: August 2021

Introducción: Las metástasis cerebrales constituyen una causa importante de mortalidad y son los tumores intracraneales más comunes en adultos, ocurren en aproximadamente el 20% y el 40% de los pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer. Los factores pronósticos que permiten estimar la esperanza de vida, son las herramientas que se deberían usar para proponer el fraccionamiento y duración del tratamiento con energía radiante.
Métodos: Estudio de tipo retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital de Solón Espinosa Ayala, SOLCA- Quito. Se registraron los pacientes con metástasis cerebrales tratados con radioterapia holoencefálica en el período comprendido entre enero del 2003 a diciembre del 2018. Para el análisis de supervivencia se usaron las curvas de Kaplan Meier y la significación de diferencias con la prueba de Long-rank con un error tipo I o alfa del 5%. Además se realizó un análisis bivariado con el modelo de regresión logística de Cox entre la mediana de supervivencia y las variables: Indice de Karnofsky (IK), edad, número de metástasis cerebrales, metástasis extracraneales, tumor primario y la escala “Graded Prognostic Assessment” (GPA).
Resultados: Se registraron309 pacientes, la mediana de supervivencia global fue de 5 meses. Todos los factores afectan la supervivencia (p ?0.05); los que alcanzaron los mejores resultados en términos de sobrevida fueron: IK ?90, grupo etario entre 51-60 años, los pacientes con 1 metástasis cerebral, ausencia de metástasis extra craneales y las metástasis cerebrales originadas en mama con puntuaciones de GPA entre 3,5-4.
Conclusiones: La edad, el índice de Karnofsky, el número de metástasis cerebrales, la presencia de metástasis extra craneales, tumor primario y clasificación GPA son factores que permiten estimar el tiempo de supervivencia en pacientes con metástasis cerebrales.
ANALISA KUALITATIF FORMALIN PADA SAMPEL IKAN ASIN DI PASAR SEDERHANA KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Noorrela Lusi , Munggaran Indra Putra 
Published: August 2021

Ikan asin merupakan salah satu makanan dengan sumber nutrisi lengkap yang paling banyak dikonsumsi di Indonesia namun sangat mudah mengalami pembusukan. Cepatnya proses pembusukan pada ikan asin mengakibatkan banyaknya pedagang yang menggunakan formalin sebagai pengawet ikan asin. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 1168/Menkes/PER/X/1999 menyatakan bahwa formalin merupakan bahan pengawet yang dilarang untuk digunakan sebagai pengawet makanan karena dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada saluran pencernaan, ginjal, hati dan paru-paru, bahkan dapat menyebabkan kanker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan formalin pada ikan asin yang dijual di Pasar Sederhana Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan pengambilan sampel ikan asin di Pasar Sederhana Kota Bandung. Pengujian analisa kualitatif formalin dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Bidang Pengujian Kimia Balai Besar Pengawas Obat dan Makanan di Bandung pada Oktober 2020. Dilakukan identifikasi formalin sebanyak 25 sampel ikan secara kolorimetri menggunakan test kit MERCK. Berdasarkan pengelompokan jenis ikan asin didapatkan hasil positif sebesar 20 % pada ikan asin teri jengki, dan 100% pada ikan asin cucut, sedangkan untuk kategori ikan asin kapas, cumi, dan sepat tidak mengandung formalin. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah 24% ikan asin yang beredar di Pasar Sederhana Kota Bandung positif mengandung formalin. Kelompok yang paling banyak mengandung formalin adalah ikan asin cucut.
Caldera’s Breathing: Poroelastic Ground Deformation at Campi Flegrei (Italy)
Authors: Todesco Micol 
Published: August 2021

Ground deformation at Campi Flegrei has fuelled a long-term scientific debate about its driving mechanism and its significance in hazard assessment. In an active volcanic system hosting a wide hydrothermal circulation, both magmatic and hydrothermal fluids could be responsible, to variable degrees, for the observed ground displacement. Fast and large uplifts are commonly interpreted in terms of pressure or volume changes associated with magma intrusion, while minor, slower displacement can be related to shallower sources. This work focuses on the deformation history of the last 35 years and shows that ground deformation measured at Campi Flegrei since 1985 is consistent with a poroelastic response of a shallow hydrothermal system to changes in pore pressure and fluid content. The extensive literature available for Campi Flegrei allows constraining system geometry, properties, and conditions. Changes in pore pressure and fluid content necessary to cause the observed deformation can then be calculated based on the linear theory of poroelasticity. The predicted pore pressure evolution and fluid fluxes are plausible and consistent with available measurements and independent estimates.
Live Birth Rate of Frozen-Thawed Single Blastocyst Transfer After 6 or 7 Days of Progesterone Administration in Hormone Replacement Therapy Cycles: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Xinhong , Bu Zhiqin , Hu Linli 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundProgesterone administration before transfer in hormone replacement treatment (HRT) is crucial to pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer (FET), but the optimal progesterone duration is inconsistent. The objective of this study was to investigate live birth rate (LBR) of different progesterone duration before blastocyst transfer in HRT–FET cycles.MethodIn this retrospective cohort study, patients underwent first HRT–FET (including suppression HRT) from January 2016 to December 2019 were included. Logit-transformed propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to assess covariates. The primary outcome was live birth rate after 28 weeks’ gestation. Basing on different duration of progesterone before transfer, patients were classified into P6-protocol (blastocyst transfer performed on the sixth day), or P7-protocol (blastocyst transfer performed on the seventh day). Subgroup analyses were conducted as follows: age stratification (–35, 35–38, 38–), development days of blastocyst (D5 or D6), blastocyst quality (high-quality or poor-quality), and endometrial preparation protocols (HRT or suppression HRT).ResultAfter case matching with propensity score methods, a total of 1,400 patients were included finally: 700 with P6-protocol and 700 with P7-protocol. Significantly higher live birth rate (38.43% versus 31.57%, respectively, P = 0.01) and clinical pregnant rate (50.43% versus 44.14%, respectively, P = 0.02) were observed in P6-protocol than those of P7-protocol. First-trimester abortion rates (18.13% versus 20.71%, P = 0.40) and ectopic pregnancy rates (2.27% versus 1.94%, P = 0.77) were similar between P6- and P7-groups. Preterm birth rate, low birth weight rate, newborn sex proportion, neonatal malformation rate were comparable between groups. Significantly higher LBRs were observed in patients with: age under 35, D5 blastocyst transfer, high-quality blastocyst transfer, and undergoing HRT cycles combined P6-protocol.ConclusionFrozen-thawed blastocyst transfer on the sixth day of progesterone administration in first HRT cycle is related to higher live birth rate compared with transfer on the seventh day, especially among patients aged under 35, D5 blastocyst and/or high-quality blastocyst transfer.
21-Gene Recurrence Assay Associated With Favorable Metabolic Profiles in HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Zhu Yifei , Wang Tiange , Tong Yiwei , Chen Xiaosong , Shen Kunwei 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundComprehensive investigations of the associations between 21-gene recurrence assay and metabolic profiles in Chinese breast cancer patients are limited.MethodsWe evaluated the relations of the 21-gene recurrence risk score (RS) and the expression of cancer-related genes with metabolic factors and biomarkers of insulin and the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, and examined the interactions between the 21-gene RS and these metabolic profiles on breast cancer recurrence in Chinese women with HR-positive, HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer.ResultsThe 21-gene RS was inversely associated with body mass index ([BMI]β: −0.178 kg/m2; P=0.040), the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index ([HOMA-IR] β: −0.031; P=0.042), insulin (β: −0.036 uIU/ml; P=0.009), and C-peptide (β: −0.021 ug/L; P=0.014) and was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β: 0.025 mmol/L; P=0.004), which were driven by the relation patterns between specific cancer-related genes and these metabolic profiles. Each 10-unit increase in the 21-gene RS was associated with 28% (95% CI: 5–47%) higher risk of breast cancer recurrence; this association was also observed in patients with favorable metabolic profiles in relevant to an absence of obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hypertension, or dyslipidemia (28–44% higher risk) and among women with a low level of insulin, C-peptide, or the IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio (41–155% higher risk).ConclusionsThe 21-gene RS was related to favorable metabolic profiles including lower BMI, HOMA-IR, insulin, and C-peptide, and higher HDL in Chinese breast cancer patients, and its prognostic impact on breast cancer recurrence was more likely to present among patients with relatively favorable metabolic profiles.
Metabolic Syndrome Impairs Executive Function in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Dalkner Nina , Bengesser Susanne A. , Birner Armin , Fellendorf Frederike T. , Fleischmann Eva , Großschädl Katja , Lenger Melanie , Maget Alexander , Platzer Martina , Queissner Robert , Schönthaler Elena , Tmava-Berisha Adelina , Reininghaus Eva Z. 
Published: August 2021

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is more prevalent in individuals with bipolar disorder and has a negative impact on cognition, in particular on executive function, which is already impaired in individuals with bipolar disorder compared to healthy controls.Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we compared 148 euthymic patients with bipolar disorder and 117 healthy controls in cognitive function depending on the diagnosis of MetS. A neuropsychological test battery was used including the Trail Making Test A/B, Stroop Color and Word Interference Test, the d2 Test of Attention Revised, and the California Verbal Learning Test. In addition, MetS variables as well as the defining variables waist circumference, serum triglyceride levels, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, and body mass index were compared between patients and controls. In addition, illness-related variables were associated with MetS in individuals with bipolar disorder.Results: The prevalence of MetS in patients with bipolar disorder was higher than in controls (30.4 vs. 15.4%). Patients with bipolar disorder with MetS had impaired executive function compared to patients without MetS or healthy controls with and without MetS (p = 0.020). No MetS effects or interaction MetS × Group was found in attention/processing speed (p = 0.883) and verbal learning/memory (p = 0.373). Clinical variables (illness duration, suicidality, number of affective episodes, medication, age of onset, and history of psychosis) did not relate to MetS in bipolar disorder (p &gt; 0.05).Conclusion: Bipolar disorder comorbid with MetS bears additional risk for impaired executive function. Executive function includes action planning, inhibition, and impulse control and could play a critical role in keeping long-term goals in mind associated with gaining and maintaining a healthy weight.
Association of Parental Height With Offspring Stunting in 14 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Wu Han , Ma Chuanwei , Yang Liu , Xi Bo 
Published: August 2021

Background: Maternal height has been confirmed to be associated with offspring stunting in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but only limited studies have examined the paternal-offspring association, and few studies have examined the joint effect of maternal and paternal height on stunting.Objective: To investigate the association between parental height and stunting of children aged under five in LMICs.Methods: We obtained data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 14 LMICs from 2006 to 2016. The association between maternal and paternal height and height-for-age z score (HAZ) of children aged under five was analyzed using a linear regression model in consideration of complex survey design, and regression coefficients (β) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Then, the association between maternal and paternal height quintile and child stunting was analyzed using a modified Poisson regression approach with robust error variance in consideration of complex survey design with adjustment for covariates. The effect estimates were expressed as relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs.Results: A total of 50,372 singleton children were included and the weighted prevalence of stunting was 34.5%. Both maternal height and paternal height were associated with child HAZ (β = 0.047; 95% CI, 0.043, 0.050; and β = 0.022; 95% CI, 0.018, 0.025, respectively). Compared with those born to the tallest mothers and fathers, children from the shortest mothers and the shortest fathers had higher risks of stunting (adjusted RR = 1.89; 95% CI, 1.78, 2.01; adjusted RR = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.47, 1.65, respectively). The mother-offspring associations are substantively larger than the father-offspring associations for each corresponding height quintile. Children from the shortest parents had the highest risk of stunting compared with children from the tallest parents (adjusted RR = 3.23; 95% CI, 2.83, 3.68).Conclusions: Offspring born to short parents are at increased risk of stunting in LMICs, and this intergenerational effect is partly driven by maternal intrauterine influence. This suggests the importance of improving the nutritional status of children and adults in LMICs, especially female caregivers.
Stromal Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Density Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Cervical Cancer Recurrence
Authors: Yan Bin , Dai Xuan , Ma Quanfu , Wu Xufeng 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundEmerging evidence indicates that the tumor microenvironment influences tumor progression and patient prognosis through various inflammatory cells. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and their functional structures termed neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are prominent constituents of several malignant tumors and affect the tumor microenvironment and cancer evolution. Here, we investigate the prognostic value of PMNs and NETs for recurrence in patients with cervical cancer.MethodsThe study comprised 126 cervical cancer patients who were retrospectively enrolled. CD66b+ neutrophils and myeloperoxidase/citrullinated histone H3 (MPO/H3Cit)-labeled NETs were assessed by immunofluorescence, and the relationships with clinical and histopathologic features and patient outcome were evaluated.ResultsThe highest density of CD66b+ neutrophils were observed in the stromal compartment (median 55 cells/mm2). Above median densities of stromal CD66b+ neutrophils and NETs were significantly associated with short recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P = 0.041 and P = 0.006, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified high clinical stage (hazard ratio [HR] 6.40; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.51-11.64; P &lt; 0.001), lymph node metastases (HR 4.69; 95% CI 3.09-9.66; P = 0.006) and high density of NETs (HR 2.66; 95% CI 1.21-5.82; P = 0.015) as independent prognostic factors for short RFS, whereas a high density of CD66b+ neutrophils was not significant. Patients with a high NET density showed worse recurrence status in every stage, but the difference was only significant for stage I (P = 0.042), not stages II, III, or IV (all P &gt; 0.05). Combining stromal NET density and the tumor, nodes, metastasis (TNM) staging system had better prognostic accuracy for cervical cancer than the TNM staging system alone at five and six years respectively (P = 0.010 and P = 0.023).ConclusionStromal NET density is an independent prognostic factor for RFS in cervical cancer. Combining NETs with the TNM staging system may further improve prognostic stratification.