bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phenomenological analysis on isospin-violating decay of X(3872)
Authors: Wu Qi , Chen Dian-Yong , Matsuki Takayuki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn a molecular scenario, we investigate the isospin-breaking hidden charm decay processes of X(3872), i.e., $$X(3872) \rightarrow \pi ^+ \pi ^- J/\psi $$

X

(
3872
)

→

π
+

π
-

J
/
ψ

, $$X(3872) \rightarrow \pi ^+ \pi ^- \pi ^0 J/\psi $$

X

(
3872
)

→

π
+

π
-

π
0

J
/
ψ

, and $$X(3872)\rightarrow \pi ^0\chi _{cJ}$$

X

(
3872
)

→

π
0

χ

cJ

. We assume that the source of the strong isospin violation comes from the different coupling strengths of X(3872) to its charged components $$D^{*+} D^-$$

D

∗
+

D
-

and neutral components $$D^{*0 } {\bar{D}}^0$$

D

∗
0

D

¯

0

as well as the interference between the charged meson loops and neutral meson loops. The former effect could fix our parameters by using the measurement of the ratio $$\Gamma [X(3872) \rightarrow \pi ^+ \pi ^- \pi ^0 J/\psi ]/\Gamma [X(3872) \rightarrow \pi ^+ \pi ^- J/\psi ]$$

Γ

[
X

(
3872
)

→

π
+

π
-

π
0

J
/
ψ
]

/
Γ

[
X

(
3872
)

→

π
+

π
-

J
/
ψ
]

. With the determined parameter range, we find that the estimated ratio $$\Gamma [X(3872) \rightarrow \pi ^0 \chi _{c1}/\Gamma [X(3872) \rightarrow \pi ^+ \pi ^- J/\psi ]$$

Γ
[
X

(
3872
)

→

π
0

χ

c
1

/
Γ

[
X

(
3872
)

→

π
+

π
-

J
/
ψ
]

is well consistent with the experimental measurement from the BESIII collaboration. Moreover, the partial width ratio of $$\pi ^0 \chi _{cJ}$$

π
0

χ

cJ

for $$J=0,1,2$$

J
=
0
,
1
,
2

is estimated to be $$1.77{-}1.65:1:1.09{-}1.43$$

1.77
-
1.65
:
1
:
1.09
-
1.43

, which could be tested by further precise measurements of BESIII and Belle II.
Bounds on warm dark matter from Schwarzschild primordial black holes
Authors: Auffinger Jérémy , Masina Isabella , Orlando Giorgio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe consider light dark matter candidates originated from the evaporation of Schwarzschild primordial black holes, with masses in the range $$10^{-5}$$

10

-
5

–$$10^9$$

10
9

g. These candidates are beyond standard model particles with negligible couplings to the other particles, so that they interact only gravitationally. Belonging to the category of warm dark matter, they nevertheless spoil structure formation, with a softer impact for increasing values of the candidate spin. Requiring such candidates to fully account for the observed dark matter, we find that the scenario of black hole domination is ruled out for all spin values up to 2. For the scenario of radiation domination, we derive upper limits on the parameter $$\beta $$
β
(the primordial black hole energy density at formation over the radiation one), which are less stringent the higher the candidate spin is.
Foraging behavior and association with mixed flocks by the Critically Endangered Alagoas Tyrannulet Phylloscartes ceciliae (Aves: Passeriformes: Tyrannidae)
Authors: Gussoni Carlos Otávio Araujo , Pongiluppi Tatiana 
Published: February 2021

The Alagoas Tyrannulet Phylloscartes ceciliae is a Critically Endangered species with a restricted distribution to the Atlantic Forest of the Pernambuco Endemism Center. It seems to specialize in using the sally-strike maneuver (68.85%) to catch prey on green foliage (50.82%) and in the air (34.42%). We calculated a catch rate of 2.93 catches/minute, identified a new food item for this species (caterpillars), and included 12 species in the list of birds recorded in mixed flocks with the species. Our results show that majority of the prey capture events by Alagoas Tyrannulet occurred inside tree canopies, thus we can infer that this species needs a more advanced stage of forest sucession, with higher trees, emphasizing the urgency for restoration programs in the region.
Faunal diversity of an insular crepuscular cave of Goa, India
Authors: Sail Pratiksha , Borkar Manoj Ramakant , Shaikh Ismat , Pal Archana 
Published: February 2021

This study is the first attempt to document troglofaunal diversity of crepuscular cave ecosystem from the state of Goa. Twelve faunal species (seven invertebrates and five vertebrates) have been documented from an insular crepuscular cave which measures 18.62m in floor length and shows a transition of light and hygrothermal profile between its entrance and dead end. Absence of primary producers, thermal constancy, high humidity, poor ventilation, and competitive exclusion due to limited food resources restricts the faunal diversity of this cave; though trophic linkages are interesting yet speculative, as is typical of subterranean ecosystem. Among the macro-invertebrates, cavernicolous Whip Spider is a significant species here; whereas the important vertebrates encountered are the Fungoid frog and the Indian Cricket frog, besides roosts of the Rufous Horseshoe bat. Eco-energetic subsidy, possibly offered by crickets and bats that regularly feed outside this oligotrophic cave ecosystem is discussed. The need to document the unique and vulnerable troglofauna of this sensitive ecosystem from the conservation perspective is highlighted.
Life-Time Covariation of Major Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Lind Lars , Sundström Johan , Ärnlöv Johan , Ingelsson Martin , Henry Albert , Lumbers R. Thomas , Lampa Erik 
Published: February 2021

Background:
It is known that certain cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are associated, like atrial fibrillation and stroke. However, for other CVDs, the links and temporal trends are less studied. In this longitudinal study, we have investigated temporal epidemiological and genetic associations between different CVDs.

Methods:
The ULSAM (Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men; 2322 men aged 50 years) has been followed for 40 years regarding 4 major CVDs (incident myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation). For the genetic analyses, publicly available data were used.

Results:
Using multistate modeling, significant relationships were seen between pairs of all of the 4 investigated CVDs. However, the risk of obtaining one additional CVD differed substantially both between different CVDs and between their temporal order. The relationship between heart failure and atrial fibrillation showed a high risk ratio (risk ratios, 24–26) regardless of the temporal order. A consistent association was seen also for myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation but with a lower relative risk (risk ratios, 4–5). In contrast, the risk of receiving a diagnosis of heart failure following a myocardial infarction was almost twice as high as for the reverse temporal order (risk ratios, 16 versus 9). Genetic loci linked to traditional risk factors could partly explain the observed associations between the CVDs, but pathway analyses disclosed also other pathophysiological links.

Conclusions:
During 40 years, all of the 4 investigated CVDs were pairwise associated with each other regardless of the temporal order of occurrence, but the risk magnitude differed between different CVDs and their temporal order. Genetic analyses disclosed new pathophysiological links between CVDs.
Zoo-housed female chimpanzee adopts local female-specific tradition upon immigrating into a new group
Authors: Goldsborough Zoë , Webb Christine E. , de Waal Frans B.M. , van Leeuwen Edwin J.C. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Wild female chimpanzees typically migrate to a neighbouring community at the onset of sexual maturity, a process that can be dangerous and unpredictable. To mitigate the risk of rejection in the new community, immigrants may employ several behavioural strategies. During the integration of two chimpanzee females at Royal Burgers’ Zoo (Arnhem, The Netherlands) one of the immigrant females rapidly copied a local tradition — the crossed-arm walk — which has been present in the group for over 20 years. She copied the behaviour after meeting only one resident female, and showed the behaviour frequently throughout a 6-month observation period following the introduction. The other immigrant female never adopted the crossed-arm walk, highlighting the variation in behaviour by immigrants upon integration, as well as the potential associated consequences: in a separate observation period 2 years later, the female who copied the local tradition appeared more socially integrated than the other immigrant female.
On the Date of Composition of Additions B and E to LXX Esther
Authors: Domazakis Nikolaos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Additions B and E to LXX Esther have been variously dated from the second century BCE to the first century CE. This study links the two Greek Additions, on the one hand, with Philo’s writings through the concept of the “evil-hating justice” and, on the other hand, with the historical persons and events related to the Jewish-Alexandrian conflict of 38-41 CE, and dates their composition or final redaction to the early forties of the first century CE.
The Response of Extratropical Transition of Tropical Cyclones to Climate Change: Quasi-Idealized Numerical Experiments
Authors: Jung Chunyong , Lackmann Gary M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study uses small ensembles of convection-allowing, quasi-idealized simulations to examine the response of North Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) undergoing extratropical transition (ET) to climate change. Using HURDAT2 and ERA5 data over a 40-yr period from 1979 to 2018, we developed storm-relative composite fields for past North Atlantic recurving, oceanic ET events. The quasi-idealized present-day simulations are initialized from these composites and run in an aquaplanet domain. A pseudo–global warming approach is used for future simulations: Thermodynamic changes between late twenty-first century and twentieth century, derived from an ensemble of 20 CMIP5 GCMs under the RCP8.5 scenario, are added to the present-day initial and lateral boundary conditions. The composite-initialized present-day simulations exhibit realistic ET characteristics. Future simulations show greater intensity, heavier precipitation, and stronger downstream midlatitude wave train development relative to the present-day case. Specifically, the future ET event is substantially stronger before ET completion, though the system undergoes less reintensification after ET completion. Reductions in lower-tropospheric baroclinicity associated with Arctic amplification could contribute to this result. The future simulation exhibits 3-hourly ensemble-mean precipitation rate increases ranging from ~23% to ~50%, depending on ET phase and averaging radius. In addition, larger eddy kinetic energy accompanies the future storm, partly created by increased baroclinic conversion, resulting in stronger amplification of downstream energy maxima via intensified ageostrophic geopotential flux convergence and divergence. These results suggest that future TCs undergoing ET could have greater potential to cause high-impact weather in western Europe through both direct and remote processes.
Investigating Long-Term Brow Stabilization by Endotine-Assisted Endoscopic Brow Lift with Concomitant Upper Lid Blepharoplasty
Authors: Perez Paloma Belle , Gunter Anne Elizabeth , Moody Minhee Pak , Vincent Aurora Grace , Perez Christian Rene , Serra Renee Makowski , Hohman Marc Hale 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To determine whether Endotine-assisted endoscopic brow lift with concomitant upper lid blepharoplasty provides long-term brow elevation. Methods: Pre- and post-operative photographs from 35 patients who underwent endoscopic brow lift using Endotine Forehead 3 mm implants with concomitant upper lid blepharoplasty were measured to determine changes in brow height with surgery and up to 55 months post-operatively. Photographs of 20 control subjects who did not undergo periorbital surgery and 11 control subjects who underwent upper blepharoplasty without brow lifting were also measured to provide a basis for comparison. Emotrics software was used to perform automated brow height measurements in order to determine elevation and longevity achieved with endoscopic brow lifting in conjunction with upper lid blepharoplasty. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in brow height post-operatively, averaging 1.6 mm ( P < .0001, 95% confidence interval 0.95-2.18 mm). Fifty-four percent of patients had follow-up beyond 6 months post-operatively and 40% had follow-up beyond 1 year. Elevation remained stable over time with no statistically significant change across all serial post-operative visits. There was no statistically significant difference in brow elevation based on gender or age, or between right and left sides. Conclusion: Endotine-assisted endoscopic brow lift in conjunction with upper lid blepharoplasty provides modest brow elevation and long-term brow fixation as demonstrated by stable post-operative brow height measurements for up to 55 months.
Peritraumatic Reactions Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic Among the Tunisian General Population
Authors: Turki Mariem , Bouattour Wiem , Ellouze Sahar , Charfeddine Fadoua , Messedi Neila , Aribi Lobna , Halouani Najla , Aloulou Jihene 
Published: February 2021

This is the first study to explore factors associated with peritraumatic reactions experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic among the Tunisian general population. A web-based survey was conducted between 23 March and 5 May 2020, so that 1615 responses were included. We used the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory and Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire. Participants with a medical history, those undergoing compulsory quarantine and those having relatives affected by or dying from COVID-19 were significantly more likely to present higher Peritraumatic Distress Inventory and Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire scores. Factors associated with higher levels of peritraumatic reactions should be targeted by national programs to prioritize assistance through early psychological interventions.
Diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Raoof Naz , Hoffmann Jan 
Published: February 2021

Objective To review and discuss the clinical presentation and treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Discussion Visual alterations and headache are the two main symptoms of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, although additional features including cranial nerve palsies, cognitive deficits, olfactory deficits and tinnitus are not uncommon. The headache associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension frequently has a migrainous phenotype. The underlying cause of the disorder has not yet been elucidated. Several hypotheses have been postulated but none of them can explain the full clinical picture. Therapeutic options remain limited, focusing mainly on reduction in body weight and the reduction of CSF production with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Conclusion The accurate diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension is essential as visual deterioration due to papilledema may be irreversible. Given its phenotypic similarity and frequent overlap with chronic migraine it is essential to consider idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the diagnostic workup of chronic headache; in particular, when considering its increasing prevalence. Understanding in detail the pathophysiological mechanisms behind the associated headache would also allow study of current and future therapeutic options in a structured way.
Sepsis Mortality Is high in Patients With Connective Tissue Diseases Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Authors: Krasselt Marco , Baerwald Christoph , Petros Sirak , Seifert Olga 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: Patients with connective tissue diseases (CTD) such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased risk for infections. This study investigated the outcome and characteristics of CTD patients under intensive care unit (ICU) treatment for sepsis. Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted and reviewed all patients with a CTD diagnosis admitted to the ICU of a university hospital for sepsis between 2006 and 2019. Mortality was computed and multivariate logistic regression was used to detect independent risk factors for sepsis mortality. Furthermore, the positive predictive value of ICU scores such as Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was evaluated. Results: This study included 44 patients with CTD (mean age 59.8 ± 16.1 years, 68.2% females), most of them with a diagnosed SLE (61.4%) followed by systemic sclerosis (15.9%). 56.8% (n = 25) were treated with immunosuppressives and 81.8% (n = 36) received glucocorticoids. Rituximab was used in 3 patients (6.8%). The hospital mortality of septic CTD patients was high with 40.9%. It was highest among systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients (85.7%). SOFA score and diagnosis of SSc were independently associated with mortality in multivariate logistic regression ( P = 0.004 and 0.03, respectively). The Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II), SOFA and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores were good predictors of sepsis mortality in the investigated cohort (SAPS II AUC 0.772, P = 0.002; SOFA AUC 0.756, P = 0.004; APACHE II AUC 0.741, P = 0.007). Conclusions: In-hospital sepsis mortality is high in CTD patients. SSc diagnoses and SOFA were independently associated with mortality. Additionally, common ICU scores were good predictors for mortality.
Midfoot Function Before and After Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: DiLiberto Frank E. , Haddad Steven L. , Miller Steven A. , Vora Anand M. 
Published: February 2021

Background: Information regarding the effect of total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) on midfoot function is extremely limited. The purpose of this study was to characterize midfoot region motion and power during walking in people before and after TAA. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 19 patients with end-stage ankle arthritis who received a TAA and 19 healthy control group participants. A motion capture and force plate system was used to record sagittal and transverse plane first metatarsal and lateral forefoot with respect to hindfoot motion, as well as sagittal plane midfoot region positive and negative peak power during walking. Parametric or nonparametric tests to examine differences and equivalence across time were conducted. Comparisons to examine differences between postoperative TAA group and control group foot function were also performed. Results: Involved-limb midfoot function was not different between the preoperative and 6-month postoperative time point in the TAA group (all P ≥ .17). Equivalence testing revealed similarity in all midfoot function variables across time (all P < .05). Decreased first metatarsal and lateral forefoot motion, as well as positive peak power generation, were noted in the TAA group postoperative involved limb in comparison to the control group (all P ≤ .01). Conclusion: The similarity of midfoot function across time, along with differences in midfoot function in comparison to controls, suggests that TAA does not change midfoot deficits by 6 months postoperation. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study.
Prognostic Roles of N6-Methyladenosine METTL3 in Different Cancers: A System Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu KuangZheng , Gao Yue , Gan Kai , Wu YuQing , Xu Bin , Zhang LiHua , Chen Ming 
Published: February 2021

Background: Recent studies have shown that methyltransferase-like 3, a catalytic enzyme that is predominant in the N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase system, is abnormally expressed in various types of carcinoma and is correlated with poorer prognosis. However, the clinical functions of methyltransferase-like 3 in the prognosis of tumors are not fully understood. Methods: We identified studies by searching PubMed, Web of Science, and MedRvix for literature (up to June 30, 2020), and collected a total of 9 studies with 1257 patients for this meta-analysis. The cancer types included gastric cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer and ovarian. We further used The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset to validate the results. Results: High methyltransferase-like 3 expression clearly predicted a worse outcome (high vs. low methyltransferase-like 3 expression group; hazard ratio = 2.09, 95% confidence interval 1.53–2.89, P = 0.0001). Moreover, methyltransferase-like 3 expression was associated with differentiation (moderate + poor vs. well, pooled odds ratio = 1.76, 95% confidence interval 1.32–2.35, P = 0.0001), and gender (male vs. female, pooled odds ratio = 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.97, P = 0.029). Conclusion: Our results suggest that methyltransferase-like 3 upregulation is significantly associated with poor prognosis and could potentially function as a tumor biomarker in cancer prognosis.
Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on Ophthalmic Emergency Department in an Italian tertiary eye centre
Authors: Franzolin Elia , Casati Stefano , Albertini Ottavia , Antonelli Giulio , Marchetti Pierpaolo , Bonora Antonio , Marchini Giorgio 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Ophthalmic Emergency Department (OED) activity of the tertiary eye centre of Verona. Methods: OED reports of patients visited during lockdown (COVID-period) and in the corresponding period of 2017, 2018 and 2019 (COVID-free period) have been retrieved to draw a comparison. Patients’ demographic and clinical data recorded and analysed are the following: age, gender, previous ocular history, aetiology, symptoms onset, type of symptoms, discharge diagnosis, urgency and severity of diagnosis. Results: OED consultations dropped from 20.6 ± 7.3 visits/day of the COVID-free period to 8.6 ± 4.6 visits/day of the COVID-period. In the COVID-period patients waited longer before physically going to the OED, lamented more vision loss and less redness and reported a higher percentage of traumatic events when compared to the COVID-free period. A significant reduction of ocular surface conditions occurred, while vitreo-retinal disorders increased. Overall, both urgency and severity of diagnosed diseases raised significantly in the COVID-period. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic drove a significant reduction of the overall OED activity. People with less urgent and milder conditions preferred to wait and endure their ocular discomfort for a few days rather than leaving home and risking to contract the infection. Our analysis highlights how several times the OED is used improperly by patients diagnosed with non-urgent disorders. A more accurate use of the OED would allow a reduction of management costs and the avoidance of overcrowding, which can lead to delays in the care of patients that really need assistance.
The addition of a conjunctival flap to a posterior lamella auricular cartilage graft: A technique to avoid corneal complications
Authors: Barrancos Constanza , García-Cruz Ignacio , Ventas-Ayala Beatriz , Sales-Sanz Marco 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To present the benefits of the addition of a conjunctival flap when correcting lower eyelid retraction using an auricular cartilage graft. Methods: An auricular cartilage graft was obtained either from the concha o the scaphoid fossa. When preparing the receiving bed, the conjunctival incision was made 2 mm below the inferior margin of the lower eyelid tarsus, therefore, a conjunctival flap arising from the inferior border of the tarsus was obtained. The cartilage graft was placed in the lower eyelid. The inferior border of the graft was sutured to the retractors and conjunctiva using absorbable sutures. The superior border was sutured to the inferior tarsus, so that de conjunctival flap covered the superior portion of the graft. Results: Fourteen patients underwent the surgical technique. No corneal complications were observed in the early or late postoperative period. Donor site complications were not encountered. Conclusions: The confection of a conjunctival flap that lines the superior portion of an auricular cartilage graft in the lower eyelid provides protection against corneal postoperative complications until the graft is epithelized.